Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Axillary temperature: a circadian marker rhythm for shift workers.

Abstract This study was designed to test the usefulness of the axillary temperature as a circadian marker rhythm, e.g. for shift workers in field experiments, where recordings may be required over extended periods. Axillary and rectal temperatures were recorded automatically at 5 or 15min intervals (Δt) using a ‘Chronotherm’ ambulatory system. Conventional (t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation) and curve-fitting (cosinor) methods as well as power spectra were used for statistical analyses, (a) Rectal and axillary temperature rhythms were compared in five subjects over a 36 h span in laboratory conditions. Apart from rather small but constant differences in respective mesors (24 h mean) and acrophases (peak time location on the 24 h scale), rectal and axillary temperature recordings gave similar results in each individual. (b) In analyses of axillary temperatures recorded over periods of up to 15 days in a further five subjects (a field study with usual activities), only minor changes in circa.
Molecular basis of cobalamin-dependent RNA modification

Queuosine (Q) was discovered in the wobble position of a transfer RNA (tRNA) 47 years ago, yet the final biosynthetic enzyme responsible for Q-maturation, epoxyqueuosine (oQ) reductase (QueG), was only recently identified. QueG is a cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent, [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing protein that produces the hypermodified nucleoside Q in situ on four tRNAs. To understand how QueG is able to perform epoxide reduction, an unprecedented reaction for a Cbl-dependent enzyme, we have determined a series of high resolution structures of QueG from Bacillus subtilis. Our structure of QueG bound to a tRNATyr anticodon stem loop shows how this enzyme uses a HEAT-like domain to recognize the appropriate anticodons and position the hypermodified nucleoside into the enzyme active site. We find Q bound directly above the Cbl, consistent with a reaction mechanism that involves the formation of a covalent Cbl-tRNA intermediate. Using protein film electrochemistry, we show that two [4Fe-4S] clusters adjacent to the Cbl have redox potentials in the range expected for Cbl reduction, suggesting how Cbl can be activated for nucleophilic attack on oQ. Together, these structural and electrochemical data inform our understanding of Cbl dependent nucleic acid modification.
Structure and expression of genes for surface proteins in Paramecium

Surface proteins from 11 antigenic types of Paramecium tetraurelia vary in molecular weight from 251,000 to 308,000. The size of a series of polyadenylated RNAs obtained from these types were correlated with the sizes of the proteins and judged to be the mRNAs for the proteins. The mRNAs were used to identify genomic DNA clones containing complementary sequences. The gene for antigen A was present in one copy per genome, and the data suggest that extensive introns were absent. When restriction enzyme digests of DNA from cultures of paramecia with active and inactive genes were probed with portions of the cloned genes, no evidence for rearrangements or changes in gene dosage was found.
Meteorologic influences on the frequency of pulmonary embolism.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Reports published earlier this century suggested that meteorologic factors influence the incidence of pulmonary embolism. These observations were based on few patients and often lacked rigorous standards of evidence. In the current study, the authors evaluate the association between barometric pressure changes and pulmonary embolism using radionuclide ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan data. METHODS Daily interpretation data for V/Q lung scans were correlated retrospectively with daily local barometric pressure changes over a 7-year period. RESULTS The incidence of pulmonary embolic disease was significantly related to a decrease in barometric pressure during the 3 days preceding clinical presentation. CONCLUSIONS Meteorologic factors are less important than better-known risk factors for pulmonary embolism; however, their effect is demonstrable in a large data sample. This work confirms previously published associations between barometric pressure changes and the incidence of pulmonary embolism.
A new segmentation technique for noisy multi-component signals using wavelet transform

A new segmentation method of multi-component noisy signals using wavelet transform is proposed, when the signal components are closely spaced and the time interval between adjacent signal components are unknown. It is shown that Morlet wavelet transform is useful for segmenting a noisy signal, when the signal components are closely spaced. The segmentation problem is formulated using the paradigm of estimating the locations and durations of noisy narrow gaps of the input noisy signals. A wavelet scale sequence comprising of the highest absolute scales for each time instant is employed as test statistics for segmentation. A number of selected local maxima obtained from the wavelet scale sequence correspond to the position of the noisy gaps. Finally, windowed approximate entropy is calculated for the masked noisy signal to estimate the locations and durations of the narrow noisy gap as well as the noisy segments. The proposed scheme is evaluated on simulated examples.
AceDroid: Normalizing Diverse Android Access Control Checks for Inconsistency Detection

—The Android framework has raised increased security concerns with regards to its access control enforcement. Particularly, existing research efforts successfully demonstrate that framework security checks are not always consistent across app-accessible APIs. However, existing efforts fall short in addressing peculiarities that characterize the complex Android access control and the diversity introduced by the heavy vendor customization. In this paper, we develop a new analysis framework AceDroid that models Android access control in a path-sensitive manner and normalizes diverse checks to a canonical form. We applied our proposed modeling to perform inconsistency analysis for 12 images. Our tool proved to be quite effective, enabling to detect a signiﬁcant number of inconsistencies introduced by various vendors and to suppress substantial false alarms. Through investigating the results, we uncovered high impact attacks enabling to write a key logger, send premium sms messages, bypass user restrictions, perform a major denial of services and other critical operations.
Protective Effect of Bisphosphonates on the Pathological Changes in the Blood and Tissues in Case of Experimental Atherosclerosis

The protective effect of the three bisphosphonates, synthesized in Russia, on the pathological changes in the blood vessels and tissues in experimental atherosclerosis were determined. Atherosclerotic pathology was reproduced on white outbreed rats with the help of 1% cholesterol diet, sub-toxic doses of vitamin D2 and the line implantation into the abdominal aorta. The protective effect of xydifon (K, Na-etidronate), mediphone (olpadronate) and zoledronate, administered per os was studied. The positive effect of all three preparations in comparison with the untreated control was noted. There were observed the reduction of LDL, accumulation, cholesterol of triglycerides, atherogenic index and toxicity index for albumin, uric acid in the blood. The positive biochemical features were correlated with the morphological image: bisphosphonates significantly reduced the accumulation of Fe, Cu in the aortic wall and deposition of calcium granules. The usefulness of bisphosphonates in the atherosclerosis’ treatment complex is discussing.
Determination of the freezing point in cow milk samples preserved with azidiol.

Freezing point is a physical property of milk that is determined as a parameter in order to detect milk adulteration. Freezing point determination is one of the most important methods of milk quality evaluation (Golc Teger et al., 2005). The increasingly used alternative, fast methods of testing raw milk samples in quality control laboratories enable the use of preservatives that ensure produced milk to remain liquid and unchanged until analysis. Preservatives are widely used in quality control laboratories, and the effect of preservative concentration on milk freezing point should be taken into account in freezing point determination (Sánchez et al., 2007). Good reproducibility and reliable accuracy of the results achieved in determination of goat milk freezing point with a MilcoScan FT 6000 milk analyser suggest that this method can be used as the screening method of choice, though it was found Summary
Towards the Integration of Multi-Attribute Optimization and Game Theory for Border Security Patrolling Strategies

The problem of border security is extremely complex, due to both the adversarial nature of the problem and the many different objectives of the border patrol, illegal entrants, and smugglers. We present a simplified model of the border patrolling problem, and describe initial progress towards combining game theory and multi-attribute optimization to find effective patrolling strategies in this domain.
Seroprevalence of bluetongue serotype 8 in cattle in the Netherlands in spring 2007, and its consequences

A cross-sectional study was carried out in spring 2007, at the end of the first bluetongue outbreak season, to determine the geographical spread of bluetongue virus serotype 8 (btv-8) infection in cattle in the Netherlands and the consequences for some production parameters. Blood samples from cattle submitted to the laboratory of the Dutch Animal Health Service for other voluntary and obligatory health programmes were tested serologically for btv-8. In total, 37,073 samples were tested and 659 (1·78 per cent) were seropositive. The samples came from 5436 herds, of which 45 per cent of herds had only one sample submitted from them. The prevalence was highest in the south of the country, where the outbreak had started, and decreased towards the north. In 340 herds more than 50 per cent of cattle were tested, of which 156 herds were located in infected compartments, and in 37 of these herds (10·9 per cent) at least one positive cow was detected. The average within-herd prevalence in the 37 herds was 39·3 per cent: 2·2 per cent in 11 dairy herds, 68·4 per cent in 20 small-scale herds and 14 per cent in four suckler cow herds. The prevalence differed significantly between herd types but did not show a geographical trend. The average net return for milk production amounted to €2417/cow/year and it decreased significantly on average by €48/cow/year in the bluetongue-infected dairy herds during the bluetongue period. On the small-scale farms, the incidence of mortality increased by 3·2 (95 per cent confidence interval [ci] 1·2 to 9·1) times in the infected herds during the bluetongue period, but the voluntary culling rate decreased by a factor of 2·3 (95 per cent ci 1·1 to 4·8).
Botanising in Linnaean Britain : a study of Upper Teesdale in northern England

IFRANK HORSMAN BOTANISING IN LINNAEAN BRITAIN: A STUDY OF UPPER TEESDALE IN NORTHERN ENGLAND DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 1998 The Swede, Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778), introduced an artificial " Sexual System " of plant classification in 1735, and a binomial system of nomenclature in 1753. They made plant identification much easier. The Linnaean period in Britain lasted from 1760 until [1810-]1830. It is demonstrated that it was during this period that it was first recognised that an unusually high number of rare plants grow in Upper Teesdale. Most of the rare plants of the then very remote Upper Teesdale were discovered shortly after 1783 by William Oliver (1760-1816), alone. He was a surgeon and part of a medical dynasty. How he became a botanist, with his medical background, is examined in detail. He trained at Edinburgh but did not do botany. However, he knew John Hope, the Professor of Botany. Hope was one of only two people teaching the Linnaean system in Britain at this time. The appearance of Linnaean floras of Britain in English from the 1770's onwards made field botany accessible to anyone. Previously complex natural systems of plant classification and the use of Latin had restricted access. How Oliver's discoveries were made known is examined in detail. It involved Rev. John Harriman (1760-183 1) who was influenced by the Linnean Society of London, formed in 1788, and the Linnaean English Botany which began in 1790. H-e wanted to become a Fellow of the Linnean Society. James Edward Smith was President of the Linnean Society and an author, with James Sowerby, ofEnglish Botany. IV alic, ,j Lrf Edward Robson (1763-1813), a Quaker botanist and already an Associate of the Linnean Society, and his compilation: Plantae rariores agro Dunelmensi indigenae of 1798, and John Binks (1766-1817), an artisan botanist. Medicine made botanists of both Harriman and Binks, as well as Oliver. Linnaeus influenced the teaching of materia medica (the plant simples).
The multiscalar architecture

The centerpiece of this thesis is a new processing paradigm for exploiting instruction level parallelism. This paradigm, called the multiscalar paradigm, splits the program into many smaller tasks, and exploits fine-grain parallelism by executing multiple, possibly (control and/or data) dependent tasks in parallel using multiple processing elements. Splitting the instruction stream at statically determined boundaries allows the compiler to pass substantial information about the tasks to the hardware. The processing paradigm can be viewed as extensions of the superscalar and multiprocessing paradigms, and shares a number of properties of the sequential processing model and the dataflow processing model. The multiscalar paradigm is easily realizable, and we describe an implementation of the multiscalar paradigm, called the multiscalar processor. The central idea here is to connect multiple sequential processors, in a decoupled and decentralized manner, to achieve overall multiple issue. The multiscalar processor supports speculative execution, allows arbitrary dynamic code motion (facilitated by an efficient hardware memory disambiguation mechanism), exploits communication localities, and does all of these with hardware that is fairly straightforward to build. Other desirable aspects of the implementation include decentralization of the critical resources, absence of wide associative searches, and absence of wide interconnection/data paths. The multiscalar processor design has novel features such as the Address Resolution Buffer (ARB), which is a powerful hardware mechanism for enforcing memory dependencies. The ARB allows arbitrary dynamic motion of memory reference instructions by providing an efficient way of detecting memory hazards, and instructing the multiscalar hardware to restart portions of the dynamic instruction stream when hazards are violated. We also present the results of a detailed simulation study showing the performance improvements offered by the multiscalar processor. These preliminary results are very encouraging. The multiscalar paradigm seems to be an ideal candidate to reach our goal of 10+ instructions per cycle, and has tremendous potential to be the paradigm of choice for a circa 2000 (and beyond) ILP processor.
Modern Control Systems

Modern Control Systems, 12e, is ideal for an introductory undergraduate course in control systems for engineering students. Written to be equally useful for all engineering disciplines, this text is organized around the concept of control systems theory as it has been developed in the frequency and time domains. It provides coverage of classical control, employing root locus design, frequency and response design using Bode and Nyquist plots. It also covers modern control methods based on state variable models including pole placement design techniques with full-state feedback controllers and full-state observers. Many examples throughout give students ample opportunity to apply the theory to the design and analysis of control systems. Incorporates computer-aided design and analysis using MATLAB and LabVIEW MathScript.
UML System-Level Analysis and Design of Secure Communication Schemes for Embedded Systems

Abstrac t In this work we develop a secure communication protocol in the context of a Remote Meter Reading (RMR) System. We first analyze existing standards in secure communication (e.g. IPsec, SSL/TSL) and existing implementations aimed at embedded systems with low-power constraints in general (e.g. lwIP, lwBT, ZigBee). Then, starting from a Platform Independent Modeling (PIM), we develop a protocol concept to address authentication, integrity and confidentiality, also covering battery lifetime checking and theft monitoring. Finally the protocol itself is described by means of UML. Limited resource and low-power constraints are taken into account when examining secure-transmission features. RMR is thus an example of an application requiring a light-weight protocol combined with security features. One of the future objectives is to switch from the PIM description to PSM implementation.
3 D models of yeast RNase P / MRP proteins Rpp 1 p and Pop 3 p

Sensitive profile searches and fold recognition were used to predict the structures of two yeast RNase P/MRP proteins. Rpp1p, which is one of the subunits common to eukaryotes and archaea, is predicted to adopt the seven-stranded TIM-barrel fold found in PHP phosphoesterases. Pop3p, initially thought to be one of the RNase P/MRP subunits unique to yeast, has been assigned the L7Ae/L30e fold. This RNA-binding fold is also present in human RNase P subunit Rpp38, raising the possibility that Pop3p and Rpp38 are functional homologs.
Versatile Carbon Hybrid Films Composed of Vertical Carbon Nanotubes Grown on Mechanically Compliant Graphene Films

[*] Prof. S. O. Kim, D. H. Lee, J. E. Kim, T. H. Han, J. W. Hwang, Prof. S. W. Jeon, Prof. S. H. Hong, Prof. W. J. Lee Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Daejeon 305-701 (Republic of Korea) E-mail: sangouk.kim@kaist.ac. kr Dr. S. Y. Choi Convergence Components and Materials Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute (ETRI) Daejoen 305-700 (Republic of Korea)
A LISP-Based Implementation of Follow Me Cloud

The follow me cloud (FMC) concept enables service mobility, wherein not only content/data, but also services follow their respective users. The FMC allows mobile users to be always connected via the optimal data anchor and mobility gateways to access their data and services from optimal data centers. The FMC was initially designed to support user mobility, particularly in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks. In this paper, FMC is further tailored to support mobile users connected from other network types, such as public WiFi or Asymetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) fixed networks. Indeed, this paper presents an implementation of FMC based on local/identifier separation protocol (LISP), whereby the main goal is to render FMC independent from the underlying technology. To simplify further the deployment, all FMC entities (including LISP entities) are virtualized considering the network function virtualization principle.
A Synopsis of Simulation and Mobility Modeling in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs)

Vehicular communication is considered to be a backbone for many critical safety applications. In order to achieve a better implementation of any vehicular communication scenario, an efficient, accurate and reliable simulator is essential. Various open source and commercial simulating tools are available for this purpose. One of the key issues in this regard is the selection of a reliable simulator which implements all standard algorithms and paradigms giving accurate results. In this paper, we first present IEEE standard and protocols for vehicular communication, IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 1609.x, also known as WAVE protocol stack. The paper then discusses the necessary requirements for a generic discrete event simulator which can be used to simulate Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. Since not all the network simulators can be used in the scenario of vehicular communication, we highlight the key features of some network simulators in the context of vehicular ad-hoc networks. The paper also highlights some of the implementation limitations in these simulators. Furthermore, the paper presents a discussion on traffic simulators by emphasizing on the underlying mobility models used in order to generate the realistic traffic patterns. A comparative study of both network and traffic simulators show the pros and cons of these simulation tools. The paper suggests the appropriate choice of a network simulator to be used as a VANET simulator.
Microethics: the ethics of everyday clinical practice.

Over the past several decades, medical ethics has gained a solid foothold in medical education and is now a required course in most medical schools. Although the field of medical ethics is by nature eclectic, moral philosophy has played a dominant role in defining both the content of what is taught and the methodology for reasoning about ethical dilemmas. Most educators largely rely on the case-based method for teaching ethics, grounding the ethical reasoning in an amalgam of theories drawn from moral philosophy, including consequentialism, deontology, and principlism. In this article we hope to make a case for augmenting the focus of education in medical ethics. We propose complementing the traditional approach to medical ethics with a more embedded approach, one that has been described by others as “microethics,” the ethics of everyday clinical practice.
BUSINESS KNOWLEDGE LOGISTICS: KSNET-APPROACH AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Extension brackets capable of being rapidly attached to standard lampholder brackets of conventional fluorescent lighting fixtures for retrofit of such fixtures to accommodate lamping, including metric lamping such as T5 lamping, of generally shorter lengths than conventional tubular fluorescent lamping. The extension brackets of the invention attach by interference fit to standard cutouts in standard lampholder brackets, which cutouts normally attach conventional "tombstone" T12 lampholders, the extension brackets further acting to mount conventional lampholders capable of mounting the metric lamping at locations disposed inwardly of the fixtures to accommodate the several conventional lengths of metric lamping or the like while locating the metric lamping on a plane no higher than that of the conventional lamping for which the lighting fixtures are originally configured.
Estimating 24‐Hour Urine Sodium From Multiple Spot Urine Samples

The authors developed an equation to estimate 24‐hour urine sodium (24HUNa) using the average of three spot urine (SU) samples (morning‐first, morning, and evening) from 74 individuals and validated this equation using the average of three SU samples (morning‐first, daytime, and evening) from 174 additional individuals. Compared with previously published equations using a single SU sample, the currently developed equation using the average of three SU samples showed much lower bias from measured 24HUNa (−2.9 vs >10 mmol/24 h). The intraclass and concordance correlation coefficients of the proposed equation using the average of three SU samples were 0.909 and 0.832, respectively. The limits of agreement were −64.1–58.3 mmol/24 h and approximately 100 mmol/24 h for the currently developed and previously published equations, respectively. All equations showed a tendency to overestimate or underestimate 24HUNa in a manner dependent on the level of 24HUNa but irrespective of the number of SU samples considered. Nonetheless, among the currently tested equations, our equation using the average of three SU samples provided the best estimation of 24HUNa at a population level.