Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postnatal Tendon Growth and Remodeling Requires Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Signaling

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) signaling plays an important role in the fundamental biological activities of many cells that compose musculoskeletal tissues. However, little is known about the role of PDGFR signaling during tendon growth and remodeling in adult animals. Using the hindlimb synergist ablation model of tendon growth, our objectives were to determine the role of PDGFR signaling in the adaptation of tendons subjected to a mechanical growth stimulus, as well as to investigate the biological mechanisms behind this response. We demonstrate that both PDGFRs, PDGFRα and PDGFRβ, are expressed in tendon fibroblasts, and that the inhibition of PDGFR signaling suppresses the normal growth of tendon tissue in response to mechanical growth cues due to defects in fibroblast proliferation and migration. We also identify that membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) as an essential proteinase for the migration of tendon fibroblasts through their extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we report that MT1-MMP translation is regulated by PI3K/Akt signaling, while ERK1/2 controls post-translational trafficking of MT1-MMP to the plasma membrane of tendon fibroblasts. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that PDGFR signaling is necessary for postnatal tendon growth and remodeling, and that MT1-MMP is a critical mediator of tendon fibroblast migration and a potential target for the treatment of tendon injuries and diseases.
Bicycle injuries and helmet use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

In the originally published version of this article, in Table 1, the study size for Otte and Wiese should have been given as 4245 instead of 245. Additionally, the last Dinh et al reference (#91) should have been 254 for the study size. This has now been corrected. © The Author 2017; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association Language: en Original Abstract Unaffected by the above correction of typographical erreo: Background: The research literature was systematically reviewed and results were summarized from studies assessing bicycle helmet effectiveness to mitigate head, serious head, face, neck and fatal head injury in a crash or fall. Methods: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, COMPENDEX and SCOPUS) were searched for relevant, peer-reviewed articles in English. Included studies reported medically diagnosed head, face and neck injuries where helmet use was known. Non-approved helmets were excluded where possible. Summary odds ratios (OR) were obtained using multivariate meta-regression models stratified by injury type and severity. Time trends and publication bias were assessed. Results: A total of 43 studies met inclusion criteria and 40 studies were included in the meta-analysis with data from over 64 000 injured cyclists. For cyclists involved in a crash or fall, helmet use was associated with odds reductions for head [OR = 0.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42–0.57), serious head (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.25–0.37), face (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.56–0.81) and fatal head injury (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14–0.88). No clear evidence of an association between helmet use and neck injury was found (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.74–1.25). There was no evidence of time trends or publication bias. Conclusions: Bicycle helmet use was associated with reduced odds of head injury, serious head injury, facial injury and fatal head injury. The reduction was greater for serious or fatal head injury. Neck injury was rare and not associated with helmet use. These results support the use of strategies to increase the uptake of bicycle helmets as part of a comprehensive cycling safety plan.
Graphic Narratives and Cancer Prevention: A Case Study of an American Cancer Society Comic Book

ABSTRACT As the interest in graphic medicine grows, health communicators have started engaging readers with compelling visual and textual accounts of health and illness, including via comic books. One context where comics have shown promise is cancer communication. This brief report presents an early example of graphic medicine developed by the American Cancer Society. “Ladies … Wouldn’t It Be Better to Know? ” is a comic book produced in the 1960s to provide the public with lay information about the Pap test for cervical cancer prevention and detection. An analysis of a key narrative attribute, plot development, illustrates the central role that perceived barriers played in this midcentury public health message, a component that remains a consideration of cancer communication design today. This case study of an early graphic narrative identifies promising cancer message features that can be used to address and refute barriers to cervical cancer screening and connects contemporary research with historical efforts in public health communication.
Fatal Insulin Overdoses: Case Report and Update on Testing Methodology

Suicidal insulin overdoses are an under‐recognized and uncommon cause of death, often relying on scene and nonspecific autopsy findings. Here, we present a case report of a fatal exogenous insulin overdose in a patient with type 1 diabetes. In our case, there were no contributory autopsy findings; however, serum analog aspart insulin levels were c. 10× the predicted therapeutic upper limit (4000, reference 6.6–55 uU/mL), which correlated with scene findings. This was specifically determined by a newly developed immunocapture liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay, able to discriminate between various synthetic insulin analogs. Total insulin levels by immunoassay were highly elevated on the Siemens Advia Centaur, but not the Roche platforms (4741 vs. 5.2 uU/mL, respectively), showing variable sensitivity of detection within the same analog depending on assay. We discuss the prevalence and features to look for at autopsy in these types of cases. Additionally, analytical options for testing insulin levels, including new methodologies, guidance on collection of samples, as well as an outline of available historical reference range data are discussed.
An Image Enhancement Technique for Ultrasonic NDE of CFRP Panels

This paper discusses an image enhancement technique based on a standard deviation method to obtain high contrast C-scan results by using immersion ultrasonic testing. Ultrasonic C-scan results have relatively low resolution and poor imaging quality in anisotropic composites due to the speckle noise produced by the interference of backscattered signals. This developed technique will aid non-destructive evaluation (NDE) inspectors in making quick, accurate, and reliable decisions. A high quality region of interest (ROI) image was first reconstructed from the raw amplitude data obtained from ultrasonic testing. Then, a standard deviation based method was applied on ROI images to improve the edge contrast of the defect area to the non-defect area. The results obtained demonstrated that this applied method can greatly improve the image quality and offer detailed information of defects in an ROI by restraining the noises effectively. We believe this technique can make the defect evaluation process much easier and more accurate, and it can be expected to be a novel method for the ultrasonic C-scan result enhancement.
Magnetoresistive sensors and magnetic nanoparticles for biotechnology

Magnetoresistive biosensors use a new detection method for molecular recognition reactions based on two recently developed techniques and devices: Magnetic markers and XMR sensors, where XMR means either giant magnetoresistance (GMR) or tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR). The markers are specifically attached to the target molecules, and their magnetic stray field is picked up by an embedded magnetoresistive sensor as a change of the electrical resistance. Compared to established, e.g., fluorescent, detection methods, magnetic biosensors have a number of advantages, including low molecular detection limits, flexibility, and the direct availability of an electronic signal suitable for further automated analysis. This makes them a promising choice for the detection units of future widespread and easy-to-use lab-on-a-chip systems or biochips. In this article, we discuss recent advances in this field and compare possible approaches toward single molecule detection.
Cardiovascular safety of type 2 diabetes medications: Review of existing literature and clinical implications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the cardiovascular effect of antidiabetic drugs are today critical medical issues, with the prevalence of T2DM in particular showing a steep increase worldwide, mainly due to unhealthy lifestyle habits. T2DM in association with obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors, results in the development of CVD, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with T2DM. Thus, treatment of T2DM is an individualized and complex challenge in which targeting cardiovascular risk factors is an important component in the decision making. Given the cardiovascular adverse events associated with rosiglitazone, both the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency currently require the demonstration of cardiovascular safety of new antidiabetic drugs. Consequently, clinical trials to guarantee their cardiovascular safety are now obligatory. This review aims to summarize the available evidence on the cardiovascular effects and safety of the major drugs used in T2DM treatment and also to provide an overview of upcoming and ongoing clinical trials in this field. Our belief is that this review will be of substantial assistance to all medical doctors who are treating diabetic patients, namely primary care physicians, internal medicine doctors, endocrinologists, diabetologists and less well experienced personnel such as young doctors in training.
Letter to the editor regarding “The role of age-sex interaction in the development of post-herpetic neuralgia”

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of age and sex and their combined effect in the development of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) in a large population-based study, in order to confirm the results published previously by Amicizia et al. Data were extracted from population and healthcare databases from the Valencia Region (2009–2014). Logistic regressions were implemented to estimate the effect of increasing age on the probability of developing PHN stratified by sex. From a cohort of 2,289,485 subjects ≥ 50 years, 87,086 cases of HZ were registered and 13,658 (15.7%) of them developed PHN. In our population, PHN cases were more common in women and rose with increasing age independently of the sex.
Trajectories of Work-Related Functional Impairment prior to Suicide

Background Work-related functional impairment in terms of sickness absence and disability pension (SA/DP) has been reported to be associated with subsequent suicide. However, there is only limited knowledge on SA/DP patterns prior to suicide. The aim was to identify trajectories of work-related functional impairment prior to suicide and to describe associations of socio-demographic and medical factors with such trajectories. Methods This is a population-based retrospective cohort study of the 4 209 individuals aged 22–65 years who committed suicide during 2007–2010 in Sweden. Work-related functional impairment was measured as mean annual number of months of SA/DP. We analyzed trajectories of SA/DP during five years prior to suicide (i.e., 2002–2009) by a group-based trajectory method. Associations between socio-demographic and medical factors with different groups of trajectories were estimated by chi2-test and multinomial logistic regression. Results Five different functional impairment trajectory groups were identified prior to suicide. One group had constant low levels of SA/DP (46%), while 30% had constant high levels of SA/DP. Two groups (16%) showed increasing number of SA/DP months. The remaining 7% showed decreasing number of SA/DP months before the suicide. Sex, age, educational level, family situation, and diagnosis-specific healthcare were significantly associated with different trajectory groups (Likelihood ratio X2 tests <0.05). A larger proportion of higher educated and younger men with a lower proportion of previous suicide attempts were found in the group with constant low levels. Opposite characteristics were displayed in the group with constant high levels. Conclusions This study identified five different groups of work-related functional impairment trajectories before suicide. These differences might be partly explained by the variations in socio-demographic profiles and health care consumptions five years before suicide.
Evolution of Residual Stresses in Linear Deposition Wire-Based Cladding of Ti-6Al-4V

Neutron diffraction and curvature measurements were conducted to investigate the residual stresses associated with Plasma Transferred Arc Cladding (PTA) of Ti-6Al-4V on a substrate of the same material. The wire-feed PTA coupled with 3-axis CNC machine was used as an Additive Manufacturing (AM) technique to build parts. A combination of the process parameters was chosen to investigate their effects on residual stress evolution. Neutron Diffraction (ND) measurements of residual strains were performed on the SALSA instrument at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Grenoble, France. Longitudinal stresses were also inferred by using a Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) and Euler-Bernoulli beam theorem. Furthermore, Optical Microscopy (OM) of the cross section of the parts was used to analyse the microstructural evolution. The results show the effect of shorter and longer ‘dwell time’ between layers on the evolution of residual stresses.
MR Imaging Findings in Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer According to BIRADS System

To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, according to Breast Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS), and to relate them with molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The MRI findings were reviewed retrospectively in 201 women diagnosed of invasive breast cancer confirmed by surgery and were compared with the molecular subtypes. Following the BI‐RADS, MRI findings included disease type, size, enhancement, morphology and contrast kinetics. In mass‐like lesion types were studied shape, margin and enhancement, and in nonmass‐like lesion types, distribution modifiers and internal enhancement. Chi‐squared analysis showed significant association (p < 0.01) between molecular subtypes and lesion type on MRI and histologic grade. Shape, margin and mass enhancement (p < 0.05) also showed significant association among molecular subtypes. Triple negative were more frequently unifocal and mass‐like lesion, high histologic grade, round shape, smooth margin, and rim enhancement. Luminal‐A were more frequently low grade, mass‐like lesion, irregular shape and spiculated or irregular margin. Luminal‐B were more frequently moderate‐low grade, mass‐like lesion, nonirregular shape and spiculated margin. HER‐2‐enriched were more frequently moderate grade, nonmass‐like lesion and multicentric lesions were more present than in other subtypes. There are significantly different MRI features, according to BI‐RADS, between the molecular subtypes breast cancer.
Associations of CAIDE Dementia Risk Score with MRI, PIB-PET measures, and cognition

Background: CAIDE Dementia Risk Score is the first validated tool for estimating dementia risk based on a midlife risk profile. Objectives: This observational study investigated longitudinal associations of CAIDE Dementia Risk Score with brain MRI, amyloid burden evaluated with PIB-PET, and detailed cognition measures. Methods: FINGER participants were at-risk elderly without dementia. CAIDE Risk Score was calculated using data from previous national surveys (mean age 52.4 years). In connection to baseline FINGER visit (on average 17.6 years later, mean age 70.1 years), 132 participants underwent MRI scans, and 48 underwent PIB-PET scans. All 1,260 participants were cognitively assessed (Neuropsychological Test Battery, NTB). Neuroimaging assessments included brain cortical thickness and volumes (Freesurfer 5.0.3), visually rated medial temporal atrophy (MTA), white matter lesions (WML), and amyloid accumulation. Results: Higher CAIDE Dementia Risk Score was related to more pronounced deep WML (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.05–1.43), lower total gray matter (β-coefficient –0.29, p = 0.001) and hippocampal volume (β-coefficient –0.28, p = 0.003), lower cortical thickness (β-coefficient –0.19, p = 0.042), and poorer cognition (β-coefficients –0.31 for total NTB score, –0.25 for executive functioning, –0.33 for processing speed, and –0.20 for memory, all p < 0.001). Higher CAIDE Dementia Risk Score including APOE genotype was additionally related to more pronounced MTA (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.30). No associations were found with periventricular WML or amyloid accumulation. Conclusions: The CAIDE Dementia Risk Score was related to indicators of cerebrovascular changes and neurodegeneration on MRI, and cognition. The lack of association with brain amyloid accumulation needs to be verified in studies with larger sample sizes.
Attending to Distinctive Moments: Weakly-Supervised Attention Models for Action Localization in Video

We present a method for utilizing weakly supervised data for action localization in videos. We focus on sports video analysis, where videos contain scenes of multiple people. Weak supervision gathered from sports website is provided in the form of an action taking place in a video clip, without specification of the person performing the action. Since many frames of a clip can be ambiguous, a novel temporal attention approach is designed to select the most distinctive frames in which to apply the weak supervision. Empirical results demonstrate that leveraging weak supervision can build upon purely supervised localization methods, and utilizing temporal attention further improves localization accuracy.
Effects of Wearing a Compression Garment During Night Sleep on Recovery From High-Intensity Eccentric-Concentric Quadriceps Muscle Fatigue

Abstract Shimokochi, Y, Kuwano, S, Yamaguchi, T, Abutani, H, and Shima, N. Effects of wearing a compression garment during night sleep on recovery from high-intensity eccentric-concentric quadriceps muscle fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2816–2824, 2017—This study aimed to investigate the effects of wearing a compression garment (CG) during night sleep on muscle fatigue recovery after high-intensity eccentric and concentric knee extensor exercises. Seventeen male college students participated in 2 experimental sessions under CG and non-CG (NCG) wearing conditions. Before night sleep under CG or NCG wearing conditions, the subjects performed a fatiguing protocol consisting of 10 sets of 10 repetitions of maximal isokinetic eccentric and concentric knee extensor contractions, with 30-second rest intervals between the sets. Immediately before and after and 24 hours after the fatiguing protocol, maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) force for knee extensor muscles was measured; surface electromyographic data from the vastus medialis and rectus femoris were also measured. A 2-way repeated-measure analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni pairwise comparisons were used to analyze the differences in each variable. Paired-sample t-tests were used to analyze the mean differences between the conditions at the same time points for each variable. The MVIC 24 hours after the fatiguing protocol was approximately 10% greater in the CG than in the NCG condition (p = 0.033). Changes in the electromyographic variables over time did not significantly differ between the conditions. Thus, it was concluded that wearing a CG during night sleep may promote localized muscle fatigue recovery but does not influence neurological factors after the fatiguing exercise.
Combining Local and Global Features for 3D Face Tracking

In this paper, we propose to combine local and global features in a carefully designed convolutional neural network for 3D face alignment. We firstly adopt a part heatmap regression network to predict the landmark points on a local granularity by generating a series of heatmaps for each 3D landmark point. To enhance the ability of local feature representation, we incorporate the designed network with a part attention module, which transfers the convolution opereation into a channelwise attention opereation. Additionally, we take all these heatmaps alongside the input image as the input of another shape regression network in order to model the feature representations from local discrete regions to a global semantically continuous space. Extensive experiments on challenging datasets, AFLW2000-3D, 300VW and the Menpo Benchmark, show the effectiveness of both the global consistency and local description in our model, and the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art baselines.
Volume Load and Neuromuscular Fatigue During an Acute Bout of Agonist-Antagonist Paired-Set vs. Traditional-Set Training

Abstract Paz, GA, Robbins, DW, de Oliveira, CG, Bottaro, M, and Miranda, H. Volume load and neuromuscular fatigue during an acute bout of agonist-antagonist paired-set vs. traditional-set training. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2777–2784, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of performing paired-set (PS) vs. traditional-set (TS) training over 3 consecutive sets, on volume load and electromyographic fatigue parameters of the latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii muscles. Fifteen trained men performed 2 testing protocols (TS and PS) using 10 repetition maximum loads. The TS protocol consisted of 3 sets of bench press (BP) followed by 3 sets of wide-grip seated row (SR). The PS consisted of 3 sets of BP and 3 sets of SR performed in an alternating manner. Volume load was calculated as load × repetitions. The electromyographic signal, time (C RMS) and frequency (Cf5) domain, parameters were recorded during SR. Under the PS protocol, sets of SR were performed immediately after the sets of BP. A 2-minute rest interval between the completion of the set of SR and the subsequent set of BP was implemented (e.g., between PSs). Under the TS protocol, 2-minute rest intervals were implemented between all sets. BP and SR volume loads decreased significantly from set 1 to set 2 and from set 2 to set 3 under both conditions. Volume load was greater for all sets of both exercises under PS as compared with TS. Muscle fatigue indices were greater under PS as compared with TS. In general, these results indicate that as compared with TS, PS produced a greater training volume in less time and may induce greater fatigue and thereby provide an enhanced training stimulus.