Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism of a pel gene as a tool to identify Erwinia carotovora in relation to potato diseases

Using a sequenced pectate lyase-encoding gene (pel gene), we developed a PCR test for Erwinia carotovora. A set of primers allowed the amplification of a 434-bp fragment in E. carotovora strains. Among the 89 E. carotovora strains tested, only the Erwinia carotovora subsp. betavasculorum strains were not detected. A restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) study was undertaken on the amplified fragment with seven endonucleases. The Sau3AI digestion pattern specifically identified the Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica strains, and the whole set of data identified the Erwinia carotovora subsp. wasabiae strains. However, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Erwinia carotovora subsp. odorifera could not be separated. Phenetic and phylogenic analyses of RFLP results showed E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica as a homogeneous group while E. carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. carotovora subsp. odorifera strains exhibited a genetic diversity that may result from a nonmonophyletic origin. The use of RFLP on amplified fragments in epidemiology and for diagnosis is discussed.
Tree 3-spanners of diameter at most 5

Tree spanners approximate distances within graphs; a subtree of a graph is a tree $t$-spanner of the graph if and only if for every pair of vertices their distance in the subtree is at most $t$ times their distance in the graph. When a graph contains a subtree of diameter at most $t$, then trivially admits a tree $t$-spanner. Now, determining whether a graph admits a tree $t$-spanner of diameter at most $t+1$ is an NP complete problem, when $t\geq 4$, and it is tractable, when $t\leq 3$. Although it is not known whether it is tractable to decide graphs that admit a tree 3-spanner of any diameter, an efficient algorithm to determine graphs that admit a tree 3-spanner of diameter at most 5 is presented. Moreover, it is proved that if a graph of diameter at most 3 admits a tee 3-spanner, then it admits a tree 3-spanner of diameter at most 5. Hence, this algorithm decides tree 3-spanner admissibility of diameter at most 3 graphs.
A Location-Independent Connected Coverage Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper solves the problem of how to energy-efficiently schedule sensor nodes and meet both constraints of the connected connectivity without accurate location information. Based on the theoretical analysis of the sensing coverage property of the minimal dominating set, the relationship between point coverage and area coverage in geometric graph is established. Based on the analytical results and Rule K algorithm which constructs the connected dominating set, a location-independent connected coverage protocol (LICCP) is proposed. Every sensor node adjusts the appropriate communication range. LICCP can provide the high quality of connected coverage using Rule K algorithm. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed connected coverage protocol can effectively maintain both high quality sensing coverage and connectivity in a long time.
Trends and distribution of oral and pharyngeal lymphoma in Israel.

OBJECTIVES To describe the distribution and trends of oral and pharyngeal lymphoma cases in Israel. METHODS Incidence rates were derived from the Israel National Cancer Registry and included all registered data from 1970 to 2006. Oral lymphoma included the tongue, mouth, salivary glands, tonsils, and pharynx. Morphological description was according to WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. RESULTS A total of 670 cases were diagnosed, mean age 59.5 years, half were over 65 years old. Tonsils were the most prevalent site of involvement (36.0%), followed by the pharyngeal region and salivary glands. Over the years, the prevalence of lymphoma in salivary glands increased by 49%, whereas in tonsils lymphoma decreased by 28.6%. The overall 5-year survival rate was 57% with best rates among young people. CONCLUSION The correlation of survival, type of lymphoma and age, was similar to extra-oral lymphoma. A trend of increased cases in the parotid region, dissimilar to other oral sites, raises a question of possible external factors or an increase in autoimmune diseases. Head and neck clinicians should be aware of different sites, types, and prognoses for the different age groups.
Full counting statistics for noninteracting fermions: exact finite-temperature results and generalized long-time approximation

Exact numerical results for the full counting statistics (FCS) of a one-dimensional tight-binding model of noninteracting electrons are presented at finite temperatures using an identity recently published by Abanov and Ivanov. A similar idea is used to derive an explicit expression for the cumulant generating function for a system consisting of two quasi-one-dimensional leads connected by a quantum dot in the long-time limit, generalizing the Levitov–Lesovik formula for two single-channel leads to systems with an arbitrary number of transverse channels.
LSHADE with semi-parameter adaptation hybrid with CMA-ES for solving CEC 2017 benchmark problems

To improve the optimization performance of LSHADE algorithm, an alternative adaptation approach for the selection of control parameters is proposed. The proposed algorithm, named LSHADE-SPA, uses a new semi-parameter adaptation approach to effectively adapt the values of the scaling factor of the Differential evolution algorithm. The proposed approach consists of two different settings for two control parameters F and Cr. The benefit of this approach is to prove that the semi-adaptive algorithm is better than pure random algorithm or fully adaptive or self-adaptive algorithm. To enhance the performance of our algorithm, we also introduced a hybridization framework named LSHADE-SPACMA between LSHADE-SPA and a modified version of CMA-ES. The modified version of CMA-ES undergoes the crossover operation to improve the exploration capability of the proposed framework. In LSHADE-SPACMA both algorithms will work simultaneously on the same population, but more populations will be assigned gradually to the better performance algorithm. In order to verify and analyze the performance of both LSHADE-SPA and LSHADE-SPACMA, Numerical experiments on a set of 30 test problems from the CEC2017 benchmark for 10, 30, 50 and 100 dimensions, including a comparison with LSHADE algorithm are executed. Experimental results indicate that in terms of robustness, stability, and quality of the solution obtained, of both LSHADE-SPA and LSHADE-SPACMA are better than LSHADE algorithm, especially as the dimension increases.
Comparison of Bonding Strength of Composite Resin to Feldspathic Ceramic Denture Using two Different Universal Adhesives and Standard Method

Introduction: Several different bonding systems are available that may be applied to the composite bond to the feldspathic porcelain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear bond strength between composite resin and feldspar porcelain using universal adhesives in comparison with the usual method of conventional bonding and silane application. Materials and Methods: 30 cubic feldspath porcelain (5 × 5 × 6 mm) disk were prepared from a 2 vita marker disc and then washed with 9.6% hydrofluoric acid and then washed and dried and were divided into 3 groups of 10 adhesive type according to AdPr single bond 2(common adhesive) and Clearfil Universal bond (Universal Adhesive) and FuturabondU (Universal Adhesive). A resin composite with dimensions of 5mm diameter and 2mm thickness was placed. Samples were stored in distilled water at 37 ° C for 24 hours and thermocycled at 5000 rpm in 5 and 55 ° C with a retention time of 30 seconds. The shear bond strength test was performed by universal test machine at a speed of 1 mm / min. Data analysis (MPa) was performed by LSD test (P > 0.05). Results: The highest shear bond strength was in the Adper single bond U (9.88 MPa) and the Clearfil Universal bond group (11.01 MPa) and the lowest was for the future bond U group (4.82). Discussion and Conclusion: Clearfil universal bond had better shear bond strength than other adhesives, but since its difference was not significant with the control group, and due to the lesser and simpler steps, Clearfil Universal adhesive is recommended.
Domain Adaptation with Unlabeled Data for Dialog Act Tagging

We investigate the classification of utterances into high-level dialog act categories using word-based features, under conditions where the train and test data differ by genre and/or language. We handle the cross-language cases with machine translation of the test utterances. We analyze and compare two feature-based approaches to using unlabeled data in adaptation: restriction to a shared feature set, and an implementation of Blitzer et al. 's Structural Correspondence Learning. Both methods lead to increased detection of backchannels in the cross-language cases by utilizing correlations between backchannel words and utterance length.
A mitochondrial therapeutic reverses visual decline in mouse models of diabetes

ABSTRACT Diabetic retinopathy is characterized by progressive vision loss and the advancement of retinal micoraneurysms, edema and angiogenesis. Unfortunately, managing glycemia or targeting vascular complications with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents has shown only limited efficacy in treating the deterioration of vision in diabetic retinopathy. In light of growing evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is an independent pathophysiology of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, we investigated whether selectively targeting and improving mitochondrial dysfunction is a viable treatment for visual decline in diabetes. Measures of spatial visual behavior, blood glucose, bodyweight and optical clarity were made in mouse models of diabetes. Treatment groups were administered MTP-131, a water-soluble tetrapeptide that selectively targets mitochondrial cardiolipin and promotes efficient electron transfer, either systemically or in eye drops. Progressive visual decline emerged in untreated animals before the overt symptoms of metabolic and ophthalmic abnormalities were manifest, but with time, visual dysfunction was accompanied by compromised glucose clearance, and elevated blood glucose and bodyweight. MTP-131 treatment reversed the visual decline without improving glycemic control or reducing bodyweight. These data provide evidence that visuomotor decline is an early complication of diabetes. They also indicate that selectively treating mitochondrial dysfunction with MTP-131 has the potential to remediate the visual dysfunction and to complement existing treatments for diabetic retinopathy. Summary: Visual decline in mouse models of diabetes is reversed, independently of treating other disease symptoms, by treatment with MTP-131, a water-soluble peptide that selectively targets cardiolipin and improves mitochondrial bioenergetics.
Face recognition system invariant to plastic surgery

Facial plastic surgery changes facial features to large extend and thus creating a major problem to face recognition system. This paper proposes a new face recognition system using novel shape local binary texture (SLBT) feature from face images cascaded with periocular feature for plastic surgery invariant face recognition. In-spite of many uniqueness and advantages, the existing feature extraction methods are capable of extracting either shape or texture feature. A method which can extract both shape and texture feature is more attractive. The proposed SLBT can extract global shape, local shape and texture information from a face image by extracting local binary pattern (LBP) instead of direct intensity values from shape free patch of active appearance model (AAM). The experiments conducted using MUCT and plastic surgery face database shows that the SLBT feature performs better than AAM and LBP features. Further increase in recognition rate is achieved by cascading SLBT features from face with LBP features from periocular regions. The result from surgical and non-surgical face database shows that the proposed face recognition system can easily tackle illumination, pose, expression, occlusion and plastic surgery variations in face images.
AMR Parsing with an Incremental Joint Model

To alleviate the error propagation in the traditional pipelined models for Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parsing, we formulate AMR parsing as a joint task that performs the two subtasks: concept identiﬁcation and relation identiﬁcation simultaneously. To this end, we ﬁrst develop a novel component-wise beam search algorithm for relation iden-tiﬁcation in an incremental fashion, and then incorporate the decoder into a uniﬁed framework based on multiple-beam search, which allows for the bi-directional information ﬂow between the two subtasks in a single incremental model. Experiments on the public datasets demonstrate that our joint model sig-niﬁcantly outperforms the previous pipelined counterparts, and also achieves better or comparable performance than other approaches to AMR parsing, without utilizing external semantic resources.
Antimicrobial Silver-Polyethyleneimine-Polylactic Acid Polymer Composite Film for Coating Methacrylate-Based Denture Surfaces

To prepare an antimicrobial polymer composite composed of silver- (Ag-) polyethyleneimine- (PEI-) polylactic acid (PLA) in chloroform, for coating the mucosal surfaces of methacrylate-based dentures as a prospective therapy for denture stomatitis.The water-insoluble, tightly bound, hard, micrometre-thin, and colourless film exerts its effects by direct contact with the pathogens and via the active constituents (Ag, PEI, and Ag-PEI) released slowly into the mucosa’s salivary layer. Silver and PEI were blended at 140°C, then bound to PLA. The Ag-PEI complex was characterised by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, and the Ag-PEI-PLA composite was examined by atomic force microscopy and micro-computed tomography. The characteristic was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The quantity of water-soluble Ag-PEI complex released from the composite film was measured with gravimetry. The cellular physiological effects were analysed by impedimetry and computer-based morphometry using human gingival epithelial cells. A real-time cell proliferation assay revealed moderate toxic effects of Ag-PEI on the epithelium. The viscous Ag-PEI-PLA solution produced could be applied as a thin film on methacrylate surfaces. Active antimicrobial components (Ag, PEI, and Ag-PEI) were released from the hard, tightly bound Ag-PEI-PLA coating. This study’s findings verified the applicability of the antimicrobial Ag-PEI-PLA composite for coating the inner surfaces of acrylate dentures. Owing to the well-known antimicrobial effects of silver and PEI and the supplementary effects of chloroform, this composite provides a new therapeutic method for denture stomatitis that can be easily performed by dentists.
The X-ray properties of weak-lensing-selected galaxy clusters

We present the results of an X-ray follow-up campaign targeting 10 weak-lensing (WL)-selected galaxy clusters from a Subaru WL survey. Archival Chandra data exist for two of the clusters, and we obtain dedicated observations of the remaining eight. The WL clusters appear to fit the same scaling relation between X-ray luminosity and temperature as X-ray-selected clusters. However, when we consider the luminosity–mass relation, the WL-selected clusters appear underluminous by a factor 2.1 ± 0.5 (or, alternatively, more massive by 1.7 ± 0.3), compared to X-ray-selected clusters with X-ray-based mass estimates. By considering the effects of the centroid offset, Eddington bias, and triaxiallity, this difference can be reconciled. We use X-ray imaging data to quantify the dynamical state of the clusters and found that one of the clusters appears dynamically relaxed, and two of the clusters host a cool core, consistent with Sunyaev–Zel'dovich-effect-selected clusters. This fraction is much lower than observed in X-ray-selected cluster samples.
Type 1 fimbriate Escherichia coli stimulates a unique pattern of degranulation by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli bearing mannose-sensitive (type 1) fimbriae promote a unique pattern of degranulation from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Significant quantities of the primary (1 degree) and tertiary (3 degree) granule markers, neutral protease-myeloperoxidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, respectively, were released by PMN in a dose- and time-dependent manner when stimulated by these defined bacterial strains. Organisms bearing mannose-resistant (P) fimbriae promoted release of only the secondary (2 degree) granule marker, vitamin B12-binding protein. When this pattern of degranulation was compared to that produced by PMN in response to a variety of soluble and particulate stimuli, only the calcium ionophore A23187 similarly triggered 1 degree and 3 degree granule marker release. All the other stimuli tested--zymosan, serum-treated and unopsonized; n-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine; and phorbol myristate acetate--promoted release of only the 2 degree granule marker. These results demonstrate selectivity of PMN degranulation in response to a number of transmembrane signals. In addition, the capacity of E. coli to promote PMN degranulation is dependent on its phenotypic fimbrial expression, a surface characteristic which correlates significantly with its relative surface hydrophobicity as measured by binding to octyl Sepharose. Those bacteria demonstrating the greatest hydrophobicity were capable of triggering discharge of all three granule marker proteins. Thus, the mannose-sensitive fimbriae of uropathogenic E. coli may contribute significantly to their potential pathophysiologic role in renal scarring.
Economic evaluation databases as an aid to healthcare decision makers and researchers

Economic evaluation databases have been developed to assist in setting priorities and facilitating research within the healthcare sector. This paper presents an overview of the major databases of economic evaluations currently available (HEED, NHS EED, the CEA Registry, CODECS, PEDE, EURONHEED and JEED). It describes the key features of each database and the main user groups. It also presents evidence of the value of access to economic evaluation databases, particularly for the researchers and decision makers who form their main target audience. The research available shows that both decision makers and researchers find economic evaluation databases helpful as a source of information. However, database producers may also need to better understand the requirements of their users and consider adaptations to their products.
Genetic Transformation and Mutagenesis via Single-Stranded DNA in the Unicellular, Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria of the Genus Cyanothece

ABSTRACT We describe a genetic system for producing specific gene knockouts in Cyanothece sp. strain PCC 7822 using a single-stranded DNA technique (B. Zorin, P. Hegemann, and I. Sizova, Eukaryot. Cell 4:1264-1272, 2005). The first fully segregated mutant was a ΔnifK mutant, and it was unable to grow on medium lacking combined nitrogen and produced virtually no hydrogen.
Understanding how animal groups achieve coordinated movement

ABSTRACT Moving animal groups display remarkable feats of coordination. This coordination is largely achieved when individuals adjust their movement in response to their neighbours' movements and positions. Recent advancements in automated tracking technologies, including computer vision and GPS, now allow researchers to gather large amounts of data on the movements and positions of individuals in groups. Furthermore, analytical techniques from fields such as statistical physics now allow us to identify the precise interaction rules used by animals on the move. These interaction rules differ not only between species, but also between individuals in the same group. These differences have wide-ranging implications, affecting how groups make collective decisions and driving the evolution of collective motion. Here, I describe how trajectory data can be used to infer how animals interact in moving groups. I give examples of the similarities and differences in the spatial and directional organisations of animal groups between species, and discuss the rules that animals use to achieve this organisation. I then explore how groups of the same species can exhibit different structures, and ask whether this results from individuals adapting their interaction rules. I then examine how the interaction rules between individuals in the same groups can also differ, and discuss how this can affect ecological and evolutionary processes. Finally, I suggest areas of future research. Summary: This review highlights the general principles of how animal groups achieve coordinated movement. Differences in the interaction rules of animals within and between species are discussed.
Exploring biomarkers in head and neck cancer

Personalized medicine based on predictive markers linked to drug response, it is hoped, will lead to improvements in outcomes and avoidance of unnecessary treatment in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Recent research has shown that expression of ERCC1 may predict resistance to treatment with platinum agents. Future testing for this marker may help select the optimal type of chemotherapy. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with less aggressive disease and better prognosis in locally advanced SCCHN treated with chemoradiation or radiation alone; HPV‐positive patients may ultimately benefit from less intensive, less toxic therapy. K‐RAS mutations, occurring in about 40% of colorectal cancers and associated with lack of benefit from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies in this disease, are found in <5% of SCCHN patients, making routine testing for K‐RAS mutations unwarranted at this time. Virtually all head and neck tumors overexpress EGFR, which limits the usefulness of EGFR expression as a marker for treatment selection. Although the incidence of EGFR tyrosine kinase domain mutations is very rare, a better understanding of the role of EGFR mutations, expression, amplification, and downstream effects in SCCHN may help define the role of EGFR in this setting. These observations caution against extrapolating results obtained with biomarkers in other types of cancer to SCCHN. Validation of each biomarker in the context of SCCHN clinical trials will be required before a specific marker can be incorporated into daily practice. Cancer 2012;. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Stuck-fault tests vs. actual defects

This paper studies some manufacturing test data collected for an experimental digital IC. Test results for a large variety of single-stuck fault based test sets are shown and compared with a number of test sets based on other fault models. The defects present in the chips studied are characterized based on the chip tester responses. The data presented shows that N-detect test sets are particularly effective for both timing and hard failures. In these test sets each single-stuck fault is detected by at least N different test patterns. We also present data on the use of IDDq tests and VLV (very low voltage) tests for detecting defects whose presence doesn't interfere with normal operation during manufacturing test, but which cause early life failure.