Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiologic mechanisms of brain-body associations in ruptured brain aneurysms: A systematic review

Background: Patients with ruptured brain aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage suffer neurological damage from primary injury of the aneurysm rupture itself, as well as a number of secondary injurious processes that can further worsen the affected individual's neurological state. In addition, other body systems can be affected in a number of brain-body associations. Methods: This systematic review synthesizes prospective and retrospective cohort studies that investigate brain-body associations in patients with ruptured brain aneurysms. The methodologic quality of these studies will be appraised. Results: Six cohort studies were included in this systemic review. The methodologic quality of each study was assessed. They had representative patient populations, clear selection criteria and clear descriptions of study designs. Reproducible study protocols with ethics board approval were present. Clinical results were described in sufficient detail and were applicable to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients in clinical practice. There were few withdrawals from the study. Limitations included small sample sizes and between-study differences in diagnostic tests and clinical outcome endpoints. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms of brain-body associations in ruptured brain aneurysms were clarified through this systematic review. Sympathetic activation of the cardiovascular system in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage not only triggers the release of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides it can also lead to increased pulmonary venous pressures and permeability causing hydrostatic pulmonary edema. Natriuretic states can herald the onset or worsening of clinical vasospasm as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated in a delayed manner. Conclusions: This systematic review synthesizes the most current evidence of underlying mechanisms of brain related associations with body systems in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Results gained from these studies are clinically useful and shed light on how ruptured brain aneurysms affect the cardiopulmonary system. Subsequent neuro-cardio-endocrine responses then interact with other body systems as part of the secondary responses to primary injury.
TREM-1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages and clinical outcome in lung cancer.

RATIONALE Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a molecule crucial for the triggering and amplification of inflammatory response and a new biomarker for sepsis. Tumor-associated macrophages and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment are also involved in cancer progression. OBJECTIVES To determine the role of TREM-1 in tumor-associated macrophage and cancer progression. METHODS Using ELISA and Western blot, we measured soluble TREM-1 levels in 65 pleural effusions of various etiologies. We evaluated TREM-1-positive cells by immunocytochemistry in malignant pleural effusion and in lung tumor versus adjacent normal tissue in surgical specimens from 68 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). TREM-1 expression was correlated with patient survival. TREM-1 expression in primary isolated peripheral blood macrophages cocultured with lung cancer cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Soluble TREM-1 and tumor-associated macrophage TREM-1 expression was increased in malignant pleural effusions in patients with NSCLC. Lung cancer cells could directly up-regulate TREM-1 and proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta) expression in primary isolated peripheral blood macrophages in coculture experiments. Increased TREM-1-positive tumor-associated macrophages in tumor tissue of patients with NSCLC were associated with reduced disease-free (P = 0.011) and overall survival (P = 0.004). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that TREM-1 was an independent predictor of patient survival (hazard ratio, 2.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-5.57; P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Cancer cells can directly up-regulate TREM-1 expression in patients' macrophages. TREM-1 expression in tumor-associated macrophages is associated with cancer recurrence and poor survival of patients with NSCLC. TREM-1 and the inflammatory response may play an important role in cancer progression.
Multistep Fractionation and Mass Spectrometry Reveal Zwitterionic and Anionic Modifications of the N- and O-glycans of a Marine Snail*

Various studies in the past have revealed that molluscs can produce a wide range of rather complex N-glycan structures, which vary from those occurring in other invertebrate animals; particularly methylated glycans have been found in gastropods, and there are some reports of anionic glycans in bivalves. Due to the high variability in terms of previously described structures and methodologies, it is a major challenge to establish glycomic workflows that yield the maximum amount of detailed structural information from relatively low quantities of sample. In this study, we apply differential release with peptide:N-glycosidases F and A followed by solid-phase extraction on graphitized carbon and reversed-phase materials to examine the glycome of Volvarina rubella (C. B. Adams, 1845), a margin snail of the clade Neogastropoda. The resulting four pools of N-glycans were fractionated on a fused core RP-HPLC column and subject to MALDI-TOF MS and MS/MS in conjunction with chemical and enzymatic treatments. In addition, selected N-glycan fractions, as well as O-glycans released by β-elimination, were analyzed by porous graphitized carbon-LC-MS and MSn. This comprehensive approach enabled us to determine a number of novel modifications of protein-linked glycans, including N-methyl-2-aminoethylphosphonate on mannose and N-acetylhexosamine residues, core β1,3-linked mannose, zwitterionic moieties on core Galβ1,4Fuc motifs, additional mannose residues on oligomannosidic glycans, and bisubstituted antennal fucose; furthermore, typical invertebrate N-glycans with sulfate and core fucose residues are present in this gastropod.
Brain Activity of the Investor's Stock Market Financial Decision

Using electroencephalogram technologies (EEG) to map the brain, this investigation is among the first to analyze if the same brain circuits are used when making buying, selling, or holding stock decisions and if different circuits are used when market conditions change such as in a growing market or a high volatility market. Two groups of 20 volunteers were used. One group initiated the trading process in a market with steadily increasing prices and then moved to a high volatility market, and the second group started trading in a high volatility market and then in a growing market. Results are quite innovative in the area of finance: brain mapping associated with such decisions differs between these two groups, and also when buying, selling, or holding decisions were made. These results clearly demonstrate that people may use different reasoning strategies to make financial decisions depending on their trading experience.
A Survey on Implied Theories : The Volatility Models

This paper is the first illustrated review of literature on local and implied volatility. It presents and discusses both concepts that are central in risk management. If local volatility is a relatively recent concept, implied volatility has emerged in the 70's as a global measure of uncertainty in the economy, typically used to calibrate option theoretical prices to market prices. Local volatilities has appeared in the mid 90's as a forward or instantaneous measure of volatility. This work displays the feature of each volatility model and highlights the role of all the structural parameters that drive the volatility process.
Improving information retrieval effectiveness by assigning context to documents

Recently we proposed a new context-based information retrieval system that has better retrieval effectiveness than the traditional key-word systems. In this system, each document is assigned context(s) based on the type of information. This paper presents context categories for documents in computing and information technology domain and offers a new methodology for assigning context to documents in a collection. This methodology showed promising results and the inter-assigner consistency quite comparable to the results reported in literature. The comparative evaluation of context-based information retrieval system with a baseline information retrieval system showed promising results.
Theoretical study on mutation-induced activation of the luteinizing hormone receptor.

Here, three-dimensional model building and molecular dynamics simulations of the luteinizing hormone receptor have been employed to generate hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of the receptor induced by naturally occurring activating mutations. The comparative analysis of the wild-type receptor and of 16 constitutively active or inactive mutants has been instrumental in inferring the structural/dynamic features which could characterize the inactive and the active forms of the receptor. These features have been also employed for predicting the functional behavior of new receptor mutants. The results of this study might provide a structural framework to interpret the pathological effects induced by mutations of the luteinizing hormone receptor. In addition, the proposed theoretical model could be useful for engineering new mutations or ligands able to modulate receptor function.
Multilocus Analysis of Hypertension: A Hierarchical Approach

While hypertension is a complex disease with a well-documented genetic component, genetic studies often fail to replicate findings. One possibility for such inconsistency is that the underlying genetics of hypertension is not based on single genes of major effect, but on interactions among genes. To test this hypothesis, we studied both single locus and multilocus effects, using a case-control design of subjects from Ghana. Thirteen polymorphisms in eight candidate genes were studied. Each candidate gene has been shown to play a physiological role in blood pressure regulation and affects one of four pathways that modulate blood pressure: vasoconstriction (angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme – ACE, angiotensin II receptor), nitric oxide (NO) dependent and NO independent vasodilation pathways and sodium balance (G protein-coupled receptor kinase, GRK4). We evaluated single site allelic and genotypic associations, multilocus genotype equilibrium and multilocus genotype associations, using multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). For MDR, we performed systematic reanalysis of the data to address the role of various physiological pathways. We found no significant single site associations, but the hypertensive class deviated significantly from genotype equilibrium in more than 25% of all multilocus comparisons (2,162 of 8,178), whereas the normotensive class rarely did (11 of 8,178). The MDR analysis identified a two-locus model including ACE and GRK4 that successfully predicted blood pressure phenotype 70.5% of the time. Thus, our data indicate epistatic interactions play a major role in hypertension susceptibility. Our data also support a model where multiple pathways need to be affected in order to predispose to hypertension.
The effectiveness of biofeedback training among university students

University students need some support program to improve the academic performance. Biofeedback training is one of the effectiveness programs to help students handling the problem regarding of their study process. In this research, the biofeedback training to manage study anxiety in order to increase academic performance among students is proposed. The research was selected for 12 participants. They are divided into two equal groups, the experiment and the control groups. The training runs on six sessions with the experiment groups received full training and no training of the control groups. The result shows that the experiment groups perform better in reducing anxiety levels as well as increase academic performance than that the control groups. Based on these results, biofeedback training can be concluded as an effective program to improve academic performance among university students. Therefore, the participants should be practiced the techniques to get the intensive level in mastering regarding of managing study anxiety and improving academic performance.
Small Stories of the Greek Crisis on Facebook

Since it erupted in 2009, the Greek debt crisis has disrupted Greek people’s quotidian life both at a socio-political and at a personal level. In the contemporary social media ecosystem, with the massive bulk of user-produced and user-consumed content, narratives that concern this critical turning point in Greek modern history have found fertile soil to thrive. In this article, having enmeshed discourse-centered online ethnography (Androutsopoulos, 2008) with small stories research (Georgakopoulou, 2007), the dimensional approach to narratives (Ochs & Capps, 2001), and stance-taking (Du Bois, 2007), I look at how a Greek Facebook user has recounted her emotions, thoughts, opinions, and assessments toward the Greek crisis. In doing so, I point to the intertextual, multimodal, and synergetic nature of these narratives. The article argues that Facebook can function as a powerful grassroots channel for expressive storytelling within a period of major socio-political upheaval. It also shows how Facebook has stretched our conception of what (digital) storytelling is as different Facebook affordances propel into different ways of narrating within the medium.
Distinguishing patterns of charge order : Stripes or checkerboards

In two dimensions, quenched disorder always rounds transitions involving the breaking of spatial symmetries so, in practice, it can often be difficult to infer what form the symmetry breaking would take in the ``ideal,'' zero disorder limit. We discuss methods of data analysis which can be useful for making such inferences, and apply them to the problem of determining whether the preferred order in the cuprates is ``stripes'' or ``checkerboards. '' In many cases we show that the experiments clearly indicate stripe order, while in others (where the observed correlation length is short), the answer is presently uncertain.
Functional status and co-morbidities are associated with in-hospital mortality among older patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND Among patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), half are aged 75 years or over. The high prevalence of co-morbidities and functional impairments in this age group may affect patient outcomes. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between co-morbidities, functional status and in-hospital mortality in patients with ADHF aged ≥75 years. DESIGN A prospective, multicentre cohort study. SETTING Five French hospitals. SUBJECTS Five hundred and fifty-five patients aged ≥75 years admitted to the emergency department with ADHF. METHODS Baseline clinical data and co-morbidities were recorded at admission. Functional status and cognition were assessed using the Katz index and Mini-Mental Status Examination score, respectively. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS We found high prevalences of co-morbidities and functional impairments including hypertension (74.0%), atrial fibrillation (40.2%), prior acute coronary syndrome (32.3%) and diabetes (18.2%). The average creatinine clearance was 56.3 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (interquartile range, 39.2-77.0). In-hospital mortality was 67/555 (12.1%; 95% confidence interval, 9.4-14.8). In multivariate analysis, in-hospital mortality showed a statistically positive association with prior loss of self-sufficiency (Odds ratio [OR]: 5.85 [2.25-12.19]), hyperglycaemia (OR: 1.80 [1.26-2.54] per 1 SD increase), prior cerebral ischaemic event (OR: 3.56 [1.51-8.44]) and troponin I elevation above upper limit of normal (OR: 2.81 [1.37-5.77]). In addition, systolic blood pressure (OR: 0.98 [0.97-0.99] per 1 mmHg increase) and creatinine clearance (OR: 0.72 [0.51-1.00] per 1 SD increase) were negatively associated with in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION Co-morbidities and functional impairments are associated with a worse short-term prognosis in patients aged ≥75 years admitted for ADHF. Assessing these parameters at admission may improve patient management.
The Price Impact of Institutional Trades on S&P 500 Index Futures

This paper examines price behavior surrounding institutional trades on S&P 500 Index Futures on the CME over the period January 1994 to June 2004. Using CTR data which unambiguously classifies trades as either buyer- or seller-initiated, we find that over the entire sample period, buyer-initiated trades have larger permanent price effects than seller-initiated trades, consistent with previous findings in equity markets. However, we find the permanent price effect for sales is greater than for purchases in bear markets, with the reverse found for bull markets. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that contemporaneous market conditions are the major determinant of asymmetric price effects between purchases and sales in both equity and futures markets.
A user-level tool for monitoring router network characteristics using packet probing

Today's Internet is a massive, distributed network which continues to grow in size as globalization takes major role in everyone's life. The problem is complicated by the fact that one cannot rely on the cooperation of individual servers and routers to aid in the collection of network traffic measurements vital for these tasks. Packet Forwarding Priority can have a significant impact on the performance of applications, the accuracy of measurement tools' results and the effectiveness of network troubleshooting procedures. Network tomography studies can be used to increase quality of service by limiting link packet loss and increasing routing optimization. Congestion control method to avoid the negative effects of network congestion is by implementing priority schemes, so that some packets are transmitted with higher priority than others. Despite their potential impact, no information on these settings is readily available to end users. Hence we go for network monitoring method based on packet probing in the network. This paper presents a hybrid inference method to deal with network characteristics such as shared congestion, packet forwarding priority, network tomography and evaluates each methodology based on packet loss rate.
Responding to Children of Prisoners: The Views of Education Professionals in Victoria

This paper reports on one aspect of data gathered in an Australian Research Council (ARC) funded project which sought to uncover how children are responded to when their parents are arrested and imprisoned. This paper presents initial specific insights into how Victorian schools understand and respond to these children. Due to the limited research previously conducted in this area of study, a flexible and exploratory approach was implemented. Data were obtained from eight Victorian education staff members, from a variety of professional domains, and were analysed using thematic analysis. Results indicate that a school's ability to respond appropriately to this group of students is shaped by the general and specific knowledge of parental imprisonment held by schools. Access to such knowledge is limited, however, by both the stigmatised nature of the problem and the current, fragmented, service system. More optimistically, it seems that when schools have greater awareness, positive responses can be implemented. Implications for this are discussed, with a particular focus on the need for clear channels of communication and collaborative work.
Bile Acid Sodium Symporter BASS6 Can Transport Glycolate and Is Involved in Photorespiratory Metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana[OPEN]

The chloroplast-localized BASS6 transporter works with the PLGG1 protein to balance glycolate export with glycolate import during photorespiration in Arabidopsis thaliana. Photorespiration is an energy-intensive process that recycles 2-phosphoglycolate, a toxic product of the Rubisco oxygenation reaction. The photorespiratory pathway is highly compartmentalized, involving the chloroplast, peroxisome, cytosol, and mitochondria. Though the soluble enzymes involved in photorespiration are well characterized, very few membrane transporters involved in photorespiration have been identified to date. In this work, Arabidopsis thaliana plants containing a T-DNA disruption of the bile acid sodium symporter BASS6 show decreased photosynthesis and slower growth under ambient, but not elevated CO2. Exogenous expression of BASS6 complemented this photorespiration mutant phenotype. In addition, metabolite analysis and genetic complementation of glycolate transport in yeast showed that BASS6 was capable of glycolate transport. This is consistent with its involvement in the photorespiratory export of glycolate from Arabidopsis chloroplasts. An Arabidopsis double knockout line of both BASS6 and the glycolate/glycerate transporter PLGG1 (bass6, plgg1) showed an additive growth defect, an increase in glycolate accumulation, and reductions in photosynthetic rates compared with either single mutant. Our data indicate that BASS6 and PLGG1 partner in glycolate export from the chloroplast, whereas PLGG1 alone accounts for the import of glycerate. BASS6 and PLGG1 therefore balance the export of two glycolate molecules with the import of one glycerate molecule during photorespiration.
Relationship between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and body trait measurements and climatic factors in prepubertal goat kids

Abstract This study aimed to investigate relations between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and some body trait measurements (body weight, withers height, rump height, body length, chest depth, chest width, chest girth and cannon bone circumference) and climatic factors in prepubertal male and female White (75 % Saanen and 25 % Kilis goat) and Angora goat kids. For this purpose, blood samples were regularly taken from the vena jugularis, and body trait measurements were regularly carried out (every 15 d for 5 months) on each kid. The IGF-1 analysis on the blood serum was performed using the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method. Climatic values and the length of the photoperiod were obtained from the Turkish State Meteorological Service for the experimental period, and the temperature–humidity index (THI) was calculated using these values. Statistical analysis showed that the IGF-1 concentrations were higher (P<0.05) in female White goat kids. Furthermore, differences in IGF-1 concentrations were found (P<0.05) between periods and between the gender groups for both the White and the Angora goat kids. Moreover, the difference between the IGF-1 concentrations between genders was higher (P<0.05) in White goat kids. Additionally, positive and significant correlations were found between IGF-1 concentrations and some body trait measurements in prepubertal kids, except for in female White goat kids. In summary, it was found that there was a significant relationship between IGF-1 concentrations and growth characteristics of the goat kids. Furthermore, IGF-1 concentrations in the goat kids were significantly influenced by climatic factors such as photoperiod, temperature and the temperature–humidity index, with the release of IGF-1 increasing due to increases in the photoperiod and the environmental temperature.