Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coexist: a hybrid approach for content oriented publish/subscribe systems

Content Centric Networking (CCN) is a new paradigm that addresses the gap between the content-centric needs of a user and the current widespread location-centric IP network architecture. In this paper, we propose a hybrid content centric architecture based on our pub/sub enhancement to CCN, Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe System (COPSS). Our hybrid architecture (hybrid-COPSS) addresses both the need for incremental deployment of CCN and also elegantly combines the functionality of content centric networks and the efficiency of IP forwarding. Our architecture integrates IP multicast to achieve forwarding efficiency by taking advantage of shortest path routing. To overcome the lack of inter-domain IP multicast, hybrid-COPSS uses COPSS multicast with shortcuts as an overlay and IP multicast as the underlay to achieve inter-domain COPSS multicast. To demonstrate the benefits of our hybrid-COPSS architecture, we study its applicability for online gaming, which typically requires low latency. We use a gaming trace in our lab test-bed and microbenchmark the forwarding performance and queuing for a pure COPSS (representative of a pure CCN) based network versus hybrid-COPSS. Also, a large scale simulation (parameterized by the microbenchmark) on a representative ISP topology was used to evaluate the response latency and aggregate network load for the multi-player online gaming scenario. Our preliminary results show that hybrid-COPSS performs better in terms of response latency compare to pure COPSS in a single domain. In a multi-domain environment, hybrid-COPSS can significantly reduce inter-domain traffic while causing only a small increase in the average response latency.
Quantitative assessment of upstream source influences on total gaseous mercury observations in Ontario, Canada

Abstract. Hourly total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations at three monitoring sites (receptors) in Ontario were predicted for four selected periods at different seasons in 2002 using the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model, which transports Lagrangian air parcels backward in time from the receptors to provide linkages to the source region in the upwind area. The STILT model was modified to deal with Hg deposition and high stack Hg emissions. The model-predicted Hg concentrations were compared with observations at three monitoring sites. Estimates of transport errors (uncertainties in simulated concentrations due to errors in wind fields) are also provided that suggest such errors can reach approximately 10% of simulated concentrations. Results from a CMAQ chemical transport model (CTM) simulation in which the same emission and meteorology inputs were used are also reported. The comparisons show that STILT-predicted Hg concentrations usually agree better with observations than CMAQ except for a subset of cases that are subject to biases in the coarsely resolved boundary conditions. In these comparisons STILT captures high frequency concentration variations better than the Eulerian CTM, likely due to its ability to account for the sub-grid scale position of the receptor site and to minimize numerical diffusion. Thus it is particularly valuable for the interpretation of plumes (short-term concentration variations) that require the use of finer mesh sizes or controls on numerical diffusion in Eulerian models. We report quantitative assessments of the relative importance of different upstream sources for the selected episodes, based on emission fluxes and STILT footprints. The STILT simulations indicate that natural sources (which include re-emission from historical anthropogenic activities) contribute much more than current-day anthropogenic emissions to the Hg concentrations observed at the three sites.
Automatic storm(s) identification in high resolution, short range, X-band radar images

Long range weather radar observations are regularly used for short term forecasting and severe weather warning systems. Here, data acquired by portable and short range X-band mini weather radar are used, in order to try to forecast storms which are moving within the radar visibility area. Key step in developing an adequate storm forecasting system is the storm identification, because the overall system accuracy strictly depends on it. A storm is a contiguous region within a meteorological radar map where radar reflectivity is greater than a certain threshold and its area is greater than a certain areal threshold. Most of the storm identification techniques are manual or semi-automated and many of them are based on single or multi-level threshold(s). These techniques are facing the problems of choosing a suitable threshold value, and the one related to the so called “false merger problem”. Moreover they are hardly able to indentify sub-storms within a cluster of storms. To cope with these issues, an automated multi-level thersholding technique is introduced where the initial threshold is automatically calculated by using two different techniques. After that, multi-leveling of threshold solves the problem of identifying sub-storms within the cluster of storms. The false merger problem has been instead solved by exploiting the mathematical morphology erosion concept. Storms are approximated and modeled by ellipses and their properties such as centroids, area, and major and minor axis length are calculated. Results show that all of the problems faced by previous systems in storm identification phase seem to be mitigated. Preliminary results about storm tracking and forecasting and preliminary are also presented in this paper.
Social networks and organizational wrongdoing in context

Theory and research on social networks has a long tradition in sociology, social psychology, and anthropology and an increasing presence in organizational studies. In this chapter, we critically review the embryonic but growing body of social network theory and research on misconduct in and by organizations. We structure our review around the three main areas of prior research: the role of social networks in the initiation, evolution, and consequences of wrongdoing. We use Brass, Butterfield, and Skaggs’ (1998) seminal theoretical analysis of the role that social networks play in unethical behavior as the starting point for our review, which reaffirms, extends, and in some cases suggests modifications to their arguments. We tap a range of empirical studies on social networks and organizational misconduct, most importantly a series of investigations by Baker, Faulkner and associates (Baker and Faulkner 1993, 2003, 2004; Faulkner and Cheney 2014; Faulkner et al. 2003) to flesh out our discussion. We conclude that a comprehensive understanding of the role of social networks in wrongdoing in and by organizations hinges on several contextual factors that social network analyses sometimes overlook in the drive to use the patterns of relationships among wrongdoers and their victims as the dominant explanatory device. We end by suggesting several lines of inquiry that social network analysts might explore in connection with organizational wrongdoing in the future.
The p 47 p ~ x Mouse Knock-Out Model o f Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is caused by a congenital defect in phagocyte reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase production of superoxide and related species. It is characterized by recurrent life-threatening bacterial and fungal infections and tissue granuloma formation. We have created a mouse model of CGD by targeted disruption of p47p h~ one of the genes in which mutations cause human CGD. Identical to the case in human CGD, leukocytes from p47p h~ mice produced no superoxide and killed staphylococci ineffectively. p47p h~ mice developed lethal infections and granulomatous inflammation similar to those encountered in human CGD patients. This model mirrors human CGD and confirms a critical role for the phagocyte NADPH oxidase in mammalian host defense.
Analyzing the thermal hotspots in FPGA-based embedded systems

The rapid push towards the minimization of the feature sizes of the process technology nodes in the nano-CMOS era has significantly increased the power densities and made State-of-the-Art FPGAs vulnerable to diverse problems induced by excessive temperatures. As a result, there is a prominent need to accurately study the FPGA thermal characteristics. Our experimental setup employs a thermal camera that captures the infrared emissions from the silicon wafer of an FPGA die allowing us to evaluate the accuracy of the methods conventionally used for thermal analysis, such as thermal simulations. Based on our observation that the memory interface is the thermal hotspot of an FPGA-based embedded system, we demonstrate that the cache plays a dominant thermal role by reducing memory accesses; we carefully examine the influence of various cache parameters on the FPGA temperature and propose a model linking these quantities, with an average maximum error of only 0.64°C.
A Parameterizable Methodology for Internet Traac Ow Prooling

| We present a parameterizable methodology for prooling Internet traac ows at a variety of granu-larities. Our methodology diiers from many previous studies that have concentrated on end-point deeni-tions of ows in terms of state derived from observing the explicit opening and closing of TCP connections. Instead, our model deenes ows based on traac satisfying various temporal and spatial locality conditions, as observed at internal points of the network. This approach to ow characterization helps address some central problems in networking based on the Internet model. Among them are route caching, resource reservation at multiple service levels, usage based accounting , and the integration of IP traac over an ATM fabric. We rst deene the parameter space and then concentrate on metrics characterizing both individual ows as well as the aggregate ow proole. We consider various granularities of the deenition of a ow, such as by destination network, host-pair, or host and port quadruple. We include some measurements based on case studies we undertook, which yield signiicant insights into some aspects of Internet traac, including demonstrating (i) the brevity of a signiicant fraction of IP ows at a variety of traac aggregation granu-larities, (ii) that the number of host-pair IP ows is not signiicantly larger than the number of destination network ows, and (iii) that schemes for caching traf-c information could signiicantly beneet from using application information.
The implementation problem : how gradual is phonological change ?

As the title of this part of the volume indicates, the study of sound change 1 compels us to think hard about the relationship between phonological structure and what lies beyond: the physics of sound, the physiology of speech, the social and cultural context of communication. Yet, for that very reason, diachrony lies at the heart of current phonological debates. In particular, historical questions are crucial to the renewed controversy between formalist and functionalist approaches to phonology, which respond in different ways to a fundamental fact: phonological structure is moulded by external forces through change, but also imposes constraints on the possible courses of change (see Gordon [ch.3] and Kingston [ch.17]). One of the basic challenges for diachronic phonology is the problem of innovation: how does a phonological variant that has never existed previously in a speech community first come into being? Here, it is commonly agreed that the potential for innovation leading to sound change arises whenever speaker and listener fail to solve the coordination problem 2 posed by speech: the speaker must produce a phonetic stimulus that enables the listener to recover the intended phonological representation; the listener must decide which properties of the incoming stimulus are intended by the speaker as signal, and which properties are accidental noise; neither participant can read the other’s mind. The innovation mechanisms proposed by Ohala, hypocorrection and hypercorrection, both involve failures of coordination: the listener does not parse the stimulus in the way that the speaker intended (see e.g. Ohala 1989, Alderete & Frisch [16.3], Kingston [17.3.3]). Beyond this point, however, disagreement rages over important questions:
An energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks

Energy consumption of communication is a key factor of the lifetimes of wireless sensor networks. This paper presents an energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network. In the protocol, each sensor node detects the distance between the base station and itself. Then, it calculates a tier ID in according to the distance. A lower tier ID indicates a shorter distance between the base station and the node. Nodes with higher tier IDs send data to their neighbors with lower tier IDs, where data is compressed and forwarded toward nodes of even lower tiers. Eventually the data reaches the nodes at the lowest tier, then the system selects a node sending data to the base station. Because long-distance communication between the base station and the node is energy-consuming, it will have its energy drained off faster than other nodes. The protocol employs a mechanism to shift the long-distance communication among all network nodes. Thus, energy consumption is evenly distributed among all network nodes.
The NHS Health Check programme: implementation in east London 2009–2011

Objectives To describe implementation and results from the National Health Service (NHS) Health Check programme. Design Three-year observational open cohort study: 2009–2011. Participants People of age 40–74 years eligible for an NHS Health Check. Setting 139/143 general practices in three east London primary care trusts (PCTs) serving an ethnically diverse and socially disadvantaged population. Method Implementation was supported with education, IT support and performance reports. Tower Hamlets PCT additionally used managed practice networks and prior-stratification to call people at higher cardiovascular (CVD) risk first. Main outcomes measures Attendance, proportion of high-risk population on statins and comorbidities identified. Results Coverage 2009, 2010, 2011 was 33.9% (31 878/10 805), 60.6% (30 757/18 652) and 73.4% (21 194/28 890), respectively. Older people were more likely to attend than younger people. Attendance was similar across deprivation quintiles and was in accordance with population distributions of black African/Caribbean, South Asian and White ethnic groups. 1 in 10 attendees were at high-CVD risk (20% or more 10-year risk). In the two PCTs stratifying risk, 14.3% and 9.4% of attendees were at high-CVD risk compared to 8.6% in the PCT using an unselected invitation strategy. Statin prescription to people at high-CVD risk was higher in Tower Hamlets 48.9%, than in City and Hackney 23.1% or Newham 20.2%. In the 6 months following an NHS Health Check, 1349 new cases of hypertension, 638 new cases of diabetes and 89 new cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD) were diagnosed. This represents 1 new case of hypertension per 38 Checks, 1 new case of diabetes per 80 Checks and 1 new case of CKD per 568 Checks. Conclusions Implementation of the NHS Health Check programme in these localities demonstrates limited success. Coverage and treatment of those at high-CVD risk could be improved. Targeting invitations to people at high-CVD risk and managed practice networks in Tower Hamlets improved performance.
Throat microphone signal for speaker recognition

Speaker recognition systems perform better when clean speech signals are used for the task. In the presence of high levels of background noise, speech recorded from a close speaking microphone will be degraded and hence the performance of the speaker recognition system. Use of a transducer held at the throat results in a signal that is clean even in a noisy environment. This paper discusses the prospect of using such signals for speaker recognition. A study of a text-independent speaker recognition system based on features extracted from speech simultaneously recorded using a throat microphone and a closespeaking microphone in clean and simulated noisy conditions is conducted. Autoassociative neural networks are used to model the speaker characteristics based on the vocal tract system and excitation source features represented by weighted linear prediction cepstral coefficients and linear prediction residual, respectively. The results of experimental studies show that the speech collected from the throat microphone can be used for tasks like speaker recognition, especially in noisy conditions.
Proton T1 relaxation times of metabolites in human occipital white and gray matter at 7 T

Proton T1 relaxation times of metabolites in the human brain have not previously been published at 7 T. In this study, T1 values of CH3 and CH2 group of N‐acetylaspartate and total creatine as well as nine other brain metabolites were measured in occipital white matter and gray matter at 7 T using an inversion‐recovery technique combined with a newly implemented semi‐adiabatic spin‐echo full‐intensity acquired localized spectroscopy sequence (echo time = 12 ms). The mean T1 values of metabolites in occipital white matter and gray matter ranged from 0.9 to 2.2 s. Among them, the T1 of glutathione, scyllo‐inositol, taurine, phosphorylethanolamine, and N‐acetylaspartylglutamate were determined for the first time in the human brain. Significant differences in T1 between white matter and gray matter were found for water (−28%), total choline (−14%), N‐acetylaspartylglutamate (−29%), N‐acetylaspartate (+4%), and glutamate (+8%). An increasing trend in T1 was observed when compared with previously reported values of N‐acetylaspartate (CH3), total creatine (CH3), and total choline at 3 T. However, for N‐acetylaspartate (CH3), total creatine, and total choline, no substantial differences compared to previously reported values at 9.4 T were discernible. The T1 values reported here will be useful for the quantification of metabolites and signal‐to‐noise optimization in human brain at 7 T. Magn Reson Med 69:931–936, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Overview of Programming Practices

The purpose of this paper is to indicate something of the nature of "good programming. " In this context, programming is taken to mean the entire process of communication between humans and computers. The programming process is subdivided into nine tasks, and an elementary discussion of each of these tasks is presented. Although the paper is primarily directed to the student or novice programmer, more experienced people may find it a worthwhile aid in codifying or reinforcing their experience.
The role of coping and temperament in the adjustment of children with cancer.

OBJECTIVE To examine the extent to which stress, coping, and temperament accounted for variability in adjustment among children with cancer. METHODS Seventy-five mothers of children with cancer (ages 5-17) completed questionnaires regarding their child's cancer-related stress; coping; temperament characteristics including positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA), and effortful control (EC); and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Assessments occurred within one year of initial diagnosis or relapse (M = 5.74 months; SD = 4.72). RESULTS Cancer-related stress was positively associated with symptoms of depression in children. NA was positively associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Primary control coping moderated the association between NA and depression, and primary and secondary control coping mediated this association. CONCLUSION Results partially support the utility of an integrated model including cancer-related stress, coping, and NA in identifying children at risk for internalizing symptoms during treatment. Additional research is needed to inform interventions for this population.
A Pilot Study of Self-Care Program of Mindful Life Approach for Improvements of Socially Problematic Behaviors of Children with Developmental Disorders through Caregivers

Objective: To ascertain the problematic behaviors of children with developmental disorders through their parents who conduct the exercises based on the mindful life approach. Subject: 22 Parents having children with developmental disorders agreed to join in our study. The number of children of the above was 14 boys and two girls. Most of the children were given a single diagnosis of PDD (43.8%) or a dual diagnosis of PDD and ADHD (43.8%). Method: Before and after the three workshops, three self-administered questionnaires of the Japanese version of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) 4-18, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were assessed. Result: The changes of scores of the Externalizing scale and Aggressive behavior of CBCL in children had significantly decreased at the end of observation (p<0.05). For the changes in trait anxiety of the two parental groups of the more (N=6) or the less (N=5) improved regarding their children’s score of the Aggressive behavior scale score of CBCL, the average in the last half of assessments was significantly lower than the average of the first half in the more improved group (p<0.05). The average of CES-D score in the more improved group (N=6) in Aggressive behavior scale score of CBCL was lower than in the less improved group (N=5) (p<0.01). For the changes of state anxiety scores, the average score of the more improved group (N=6) of the Externalizing scale of CBCL was significantly lower than that of the less improved group (N=5) within the observed period (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the anti-social behaviours of the children with developmental disorders had been lowered by the improvements of their parent’s mental states involving anxiety and depression through their mindful life exercises in daily situation.
NICT at WAT 2015

Translation systems of our NICT team at the 2nd Workshop on Asian Translation (WAT 2015) are described in this paper. We participated in two translation tasks: Japanese-to-English (JE) and Korean-to-Japanese (KJ). A baseline phrased-based (PB) statistical machine translation (SMT) system in Moses was used. On JE translation, two pre-reordering approaches were applied: a simple reverse preordering and a dependency-based approach. On KJ translation, the processing was purely conducted on character-level. Evaluation re-sults show that even simple approaches can improve JE and KJ PB SMT signiﬁ-cantly. These techniques can be easily applied in practice because of the simplicity.
Information Extraction Over the Internet for a Dynamic Game

Traditional and popular games rely on pre-determined game assets such as art, sound and a storyline. By retrieving and extracting relevant information from the Internet, storing this information in knowledge bases such as ontologies, and dynamically generating these assets, a fresh, dynamic game is created. Information extraction is discussed and implemented here as a way of obtaining relevant weapons for the game from online sources. This is done by extracting numerical data from textual data, which is then imported into a video game.
FPGA Implementation of PID Controller for the Stabilization of a DC-DC “Buck” Converter

Actually the development of control systems in embedded systems presents a great advantage in terms of easy design, immunity to analog variations, possibility and implement complex control laws and design a short time (Mingyao Ma et al., 2010). One of the devices that allows embedded systems arrangements are field-programmable gate array (FPGA). Several advantages of using FPGAs in industrial applications can be seen in (Joost & Salomon, 2005).