Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fish a lake: Fast release/capture sampling in large-scale sensor networks

Efficient estimation of global information is a common requirement for many wireless sensor network applications. Examples include counting the number of nodes alive in the network and measuring the scale of physically correlated events. These tasks must be accomplished at extremely low overhead due to the severe resource limitation of sensor nodes, which poses a challenge for large-scale sensor networks. In this paper, we develop a novel protocol called FLAKE that can efficiently and accurately estimate the global information of large-scale sensor networks based on the sparse sampling theory. Specially, FLAKE disseminates a small number of messages called seeds to the network and issues a query about which nodes receive a seed. The number of nodes that have the information of interest can be estimated by counting the seeds disseminated, the nodes queried, and the nodes that receive a seed. FLAKE can be easily implemented in a distributed manner due to its simplicity. Moreover, desirable trade-offs can be achieved between the accuracy of estimation and the system overhead. Our simulations show that FLAKE significantly outperforms several existing schemes on accuracy, delay and message overhead.
A 130 nm CMOS integrated Lab-On-a-Chip based on DeFET sensor for biomedical analysis

This paper presents a new integrated Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) based on Differential electric-field sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (DeFET) sensor array that is used in Biomedical Analysis. The proposed system introduces a 4 × 4 DeFET sensor array, analog multiplexer, and readout circuit that perform the sensing, actuating, and signal conditioning tasks. The proposed LOC is verified using circuit level simulation in the UMC 130 nm CMOS technology node. Results show that the sensitivity of the DeFET sensor is appreciably enhanced. The proposed LOC consumes 470 μA from 1.2 V supply with an input referred noise of 70 nV/√Ηz at 1MHz. The area of the proposed LOC equals to 0.9 mm2. Besides that, the physical stricture, the equivalent circuit, and the theory of operation of the DeFET sensor are discussed.
Radiotherapy in the treatment of verrucous carcinoma of the head and neck

Because of reports of anaplastic transformation following irradiation, this study examines the incidence of anaplastic transformation and local control of these lesions. This review of seven patients who had verrucous carcinoma of the head and neck that was treated with irradiation shows local control in 71% of cases. There were no cases of anaplastic transformation. This report adds to the literature two cases of “de‐differentiation” to less differentiated squamous carcinomas; one such case occurred after surgery alone. The literature is reviewed. Overall, anaplastic transformation is reported in 7% of patients who had irradiation. De‐differentiation occurs after surgery as well. The rate of local control with irradiation is less than 50%; with surgery it is 85%. It is concluded that surgery should be used if the procedure has acceptable morbidity. Otherwise, irradiation can be used. Failures can be salvaged surgically. “Anaplastic transformation” should not affect treatment approach.
Performance of the shape of Partial Discharge signal wireless probes

This paper focuses on the evaluation of the performances of three different antenna sensors suitable of Partial Discharge (PD) measurements. Monopole, triangular and spherical antennas were simulated by means of the surface moment method. The transmitting system is modeled by a power electronic device with a fault current between two metal plate. The shape of the simulated transmitted and received signals have been compared to verify the sensor the provides the best fidelity among the three. The auto-correlation function and the Pearson correlation index are adopted here for the comparison. A discussion on the dynamic characteristic of the different antenna probes and their use in different application is proposed.
Expression of MN/CA9 protein in Papanicolaou smears containing atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance is a diagnostic biomarker of cervical dysplasia and neoplasia

Despite the enormous impact that Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening has had on the incidence of cervical carcinoma in developed countries, there is still an unacceptably high frequency of occurrence of this cancer. In part, this is due to human error associated with cytologic diagnoses of Pap smears. Also, the use of new sampling devices, such as the cytobrush, has increased the complexity of diagnosing benign and neoplastic cervical cytology. This is particularly apparent in the diagnosis of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS). Approximately 40% of AGUS diagnoses have a corresponding significant lesion at biopsy follow‐up, and 60% do not. There is clearly a need for an adjunct to cytologic diagnosis that can readily identify AGUS smears that are diagnostic of significant lesions. The authors have identified the MN/CA9 antigen as a strong candidate for an adjunct biomarker.
Customer Churn Prediction for the Icelandic Mobile Telephony Market

In 2010, the penetration of the Icelandic mobile telephony market has reached about 120%. Competition is fierce in such a highly saturated market. Customers become more and more demanding on price and service. New regulations and technologies allow them to switch easily between mobile operators. As the result, customer churn has increased significantly. Facing this challenge, mobile operators shift their attention from customer acquisition to customer retention. The crucial elements of customer retention are accurate churn prediction models and effective churn prevention strategies. The goal of this study is to construct a churn prediction model that can output the probabilities that customers will churn in the near future. Churn prediction is formulated as a classification task of churners and non-churners. Learning algorithms are applied on training data to build classifiers. The data is a set of customers where each one is represented by numerous features and labeled as churner or non-churner. The primarily step involves employing feature selection to search for relevant features, eliminate irrelevant or redundant ones. Afterwards, the reduced data with only relevant features are passed into classifiers trained using machine learning algorithms: (1) C4.5 decision tree, (2) alternating decision tree, (3) Naïve Bayes and (4) logistic regression. The result of this study is twofold. Firstly, churn indicators are identified and insights are provided into churn behavior in postpaid and prepaid sectors for the time period from July 2010 to May 2011. Secondly, churn can be forecasted with a certain accuracy in advance which enables the mobile operator to carry out suitable reactions.
Simultaneous muscle water T2 and fat fraction mapping using transverse relaxometry with stimulated echo compensation

Skeletal muscle inflammation/necrosis and fat infiltration are strong indicators of disease activity and progression in many neuromuscular disorders. They can be assessed by muscle T2 relaxometry and water‐fat separation techniques, respectively. In the present work, we exploited differences between water and fat T1 and T2 relaxivities by applying a bi‐component extended phase graph (EPG) fitting approach to simultaneously quantify the muscle water T2 and fat fraction from standard multi‐slice multi‐echo (MSME) acquisitions in the presence of stimulated echoes. Experimental decay curves were adjusted to the theoretical model using either an iterative non‐negative least‐squares (NNLS) procedure or a pattern recognition approach. Twenty‐two patients (age, 49 ± 18 years) were selected to cover a large range of muscle fat infiltration. Four cases of chronic or subchronic juvenile dermatomyositis (age, 8 ± 3 years) were investigated before and 3 months following steroid treatment. For control, five healthy volunteers (age, 25 ± 2 years) were recruited. All subjects underwent the MSME sequence and EPG fitting procedure. The EPG fitting algorithm allowed a precise estimation of water T2 and fat fraction in diseased muscle, even in the presence of large B1+ inhomogeneities. In the whole cohort of patients, there was no overall correlation between water T2 values obtained with the proposed method and the fat fraction estimated inside muscle tissues (R2 = 0.02). In the patients with dermatomyositis, there was a significant decrease in water T2 (‐4.09 ± 3.7 ms) consequent to steroid treatment. The pattern recognition approach resulted in a 20‐fold decrease in processing time relative to the iterative NNLS procedure. The fat fraction derived from the EPG fitting approach correlated well with the fat fraction derived from a standard three‐point Dixon method (≈1.5% bias). The bi‐component EPG fitting analysis is a precise tool to monitor muscle tissue disease activity and is able to handle bias introduced by fat infiltration and B1+ inhomogeneities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generating Complementary Acoustic Model Spaces in DNN-Based Sequence-to-Frame DTW Scheme for Out-of-Vocabulary Spoken Term Detection

This paper proposes a sequence-to-frame dynamic time warping (DTW) combination approach to improve out-ofvocabulary (OOV) spoken term detection (STD) performance gain. The goal of this paper is twofold: first, we propose a method that directly adopts the posterior probability of deep neural network (DNN) and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) as the similarity distance for sequence-to-frame DTW. Second, we investigate combinations of diverse schemes in GMM and DNN, with different subword units and acoustic models, estimate the complementarity in terms of performance gap and correlation of the combined systems, and discuss the performance gain of the combined systems. The results of evaluations conducted of the combined systems on an out-ofvocabulary spoken term detection task show that the performance gain of DNN-based systems is better than that of GMM-based systems. However, the performance gain obtained by combining DNNand GMM-based systems is insignificant, even though DNN and GMM are highly heterogeneous. This is because the performance gap between DNN-based systems and GMM-based systems is quite large. On the other hand, score fusion of two heterogeneous subword units, triphone and sub-phonetic segments, in DNN-based systems provides significantly improved performance.
An improved multi-support Apriori algorithm under the fuzzy item association condition

Apriori Algorithm has been successfully used in the mining of association rules. The algorithm with multiple-support is proposed for solving “rare item” problem, which means the common items and rare items cannot be satisfied within single support. However, the detailed identification of items will cause the poor mining rules, while the multi-level approach distinguishes the fuzzy association between items in real condition. This paper proposed a novel model based on tags to solve the problem. Each item has various tags, which implies the common attributes. This model is adaptive to the reality since certain item set can be accurately derived from whole sets using combination of tags by users as they like. A corresponding improved multi-support Apriori algorithm is also presented for a recommendation system. The experimental results demonstrated that the new model and the approach are more effective and adaptive.
Universal Service in Small Economies: An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Policy, Institutional Endowments, and Alternative Technologies

This paper looks into the concept of universal service in fixed voice and the factors that the literature on telecommunications policy considers to have an effect on its attainment. These factors consist of the existence of competition in the market; the privatisation of state-owned operators; the institution of an independent regulatory authority; the quality of institutional endowments in the country; and the development of mobile telephony. A review of the literature unveils that there is a lack of consensus across published empirical studies about their effect on universal service. Empirical research has also disregarded the possible effect of economy size on universal service. The literature on small economies advocates that economy size might have an important impact on the outcomes of policy. The paper holistically examines the relationships between the foregoing factors and universal service conducting an econometric analysis of data on 126 economies for the period 1980-2004. The research findings indicate that the effect of policy measures on universal service have been overvalued by existing studies whereas they advance the role of mobile telephony as a determinant factor. Economy size appears to leverage their effect on universal service. The research findings are used to formulate policy suggestions.
Current linkage harmonics and air-gap harmonic leakage inductance of tooth-coil permanent-magnet synchronous machines

This paper emphasizes the importance of current linkage harmonics for tooth-coil permanent magnet synchronous machines (TC-PMSMs). In the literature the importance of the current linkage harmonics for the design of TC-PMSMs has so far been underestimated. It is shown that the current linkage harmonics affect a lot the performance and efficiency of this type of machines. The torque capability and field-weakening capability strongly depend on the harmonic spectra of the current linkage waveform. Losses in a TC-PMSM are also dependent on the spectrum of the current linkage waveform of the selected slot-and-pole combination. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the influence of the current linkage harmonics on the synchronous inductance of TC-PMSMs.
Term frequency – function of document frequency: a new term weighting scheme for enterprise information retrieval

In today's business environment, enterprises are increasingly under pressure to process the vast amount of data produced everyday within enterprises. One method is to focus on the business intelligence (BI) applications and increasing the commercial added-value through such business analytics activities. Term weighting scheme, which has been used to convert the documents as vectors in the term space, is a vital task in enterprise Information Retrieval (IR), text categorisation, text analytics, etc. When determining term weight in a document, the traditional TF-IDF scheme sets weight value for the term considering only its occurrence frequency within the document and in the entire set of documents, which leads to some meaningful terms that cannot get the appropriate weight. In this article, we propose a new term weighting scheme called Term Frequency – Function of Document Frequency (TF-FDF) to address this issue. Instead of using monotonically decreasing function such as Inverse Document Frequency, FDF presents a convex function that dynamically adjusts weights according to the significance of the words in a document set. This function can be manually tuned based on the distribution of the most meaningful words which semantically represent the document set. Our experiments show that the TF-FDF can achieve higher value of Normalised Discounted Cumulative Gain in IR than that of TF-IDF and its variants, and improving the accuracy of relevance ranking of the IR results.
The Relationship between Farm Size and Productivity in Chinese Agriculture

This paper examines the relationship between farm size and productivity in China's agriculture. In developing agriculture where there is a broad range of farm sizes, farm size and productivity or output per unit of land are often found to be inversely related. In China, where average farm size is small and the distribution of farm sizes is relatively compact, farm size and productivity are weakly inversely related. However, when we utilize the egalitarian principle during land allocation in China and use imputed homogenous land area rather than actual land area in the regression, the inverse relationship between farm size and productivity disappears. Hence, the strong inverse relationship that some studies have found are undoubtly due to a number of methodological problems, including the failure to account properly for land quality differences and the method of land distribution. Applying the principal agency theory, we also discuss the possibility that market inefficiency may contribute to the inverse relationship. We examine the necessity and validity (Hahn & Hausman 2002) of the instrumental estimation applied in the paper. The corresponding variance estimates are adjusted as Murphy & Topel (1985) suggested.
Trade Diversion Under NAFTA

AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionNAFTA in Context and a Review of the LiteratureConceptual Framework and Empirical ImplementationThe ModelEmpirical ImplementationEmpirical ResultsConclusions and Implications for Further ResearchAppendix. Partial-Equilibrium Trade Model of Differentiated-Product Industries under Monopolistic Competition with N CountriesStudy QuestionsReferencesSuggested Further Reading
A Transfer Function Analysis of Coronary and Renal Circulation Calculated from Upstream and Downstream Indicator‐Dilution Curves

A method has been developed for computing the distribution of blood transit times (transfer function) from indicator-dilution curves recorded from upstream (aorta) and downstream (pulmonary artery, renal vein and coronary sinus) circulatory sites in mongrel dogs. The method employs a Fourier series transformation of the upstream and downstream curves and yields a time-domain transfer function which is independent of recirculating dye particles. Discontinuities, created in the upstream and downstream indicator curves by the termination of sampling (120 sec postinjection), are removed by a tail terminating procedure which employs normal and lagged normal density distributions. The transfer functions computed for the trans-renal and trans-coronary circulations and their relationship to the systemic circulation dispersion patterns are shown under control conditions (pentobarbital anesthesia) and during intra-aortic infusion of angiotensin, acetylcholine and adenosine triphosphate. These distribution patterns reflect the response of the vascular system to the drugs and demonstrate, to a limited extent, the role which different vascular beds have in the cardiovascular mixing process.
Genome Sequence of “Candidatus Carsonella ruddii” Strain BT from the Psyllid Bactericera trigonica

ABSTRACT The genome of “Candidatus Carsonella ruddii” strain BT from Bactericera trigonica in Israel was sequenced. The full-length genome is 173,904 bp long and has a G+C content of 14.6%, with 224 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) and 30 RNAs.
Neji : Recognition of Chemical and Gene Mentions in Patent Texts

The BioCreative V.5 challenge focused on the recognition of chemicals and gene mentions in medicinal chemistry patents. For participation in the chemical entity (CEMP) and gene and protein (GPRO) recognition tasks, we used the concept recognition framework Neji and applied a machine-learning strategy using a optimized feature set. Our best submissions achieved an F-score of 86.6% for the identification of chemicals and 71.3% for the identification of gene names.
Disincentive Effects Of Social Security System With Disability Insurance Coverage On Labor Market

A simple look at the performance of the Brazilian Disability Benefits on the last years would puzzle any observer and raise number of questions. What caused the abrupt increment in the number of benefits after 2001? Given that, what are (if there is any) the disincentives created by the current rules of the system? This paper will study the impact of the existence of a Public Social Security System which provides disability insurance benefits on the labor market. The empirical strategy will be based on the system’s rule that covers only formal sector workers and it will take advantage of the considerate proportion of workers on informal jobs in the Brazilian labor market. The results reveal that workers in the formal sector have higher probability to be on leave, even after controlling for health conditions, which suggests the degree of disincentive created by such social protection system.
Application of Credit-Based Congestion Pricing in Texas: Operational Considerations and Impacts

Credit-based congestion pricing (CBCP) is a novel strategy which seeks to overcome the negative equity impacts of congestion pricing (CP) by allocating monthly budgets to eligible travelers to spend on congestion tolls. Previous CBCP studies have surveyed public opinion and examined the traffic and travel-welfare impacts of an Austin, Texas application. This work develops the policy further, examining expert opinions, predicting traffic impacts, estimating air-quality changes, and predicting system costs.
High levels of hyaluronan production by a malignant lymphoma cell line with primary effusion lymphoma immunophenotype OHK

Summary. We investigated whether hyaluronan (HA) was produced by a malignant lymphoma cell line with a primary effusion lymphoma immunophenotype, OHK. OHK secreted high levels of HA into the culture supernatant, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed mRNA for the HA synthases 2 and 3. HA binding protein‐reactive HA was present in the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm. The inoculation of OHK into severe combined immunodeficiency disease mice produced marked viscid ascites with concentrated HA and a vascular‐rich mesenteric solid tumour. These results show that HA is produced and secreted by the malignant lymphoma cell line OHK.
Three essays on firm investment, trade credit, and exports

Essay I: Bank market power and short term and long term firm investment. This paper investigates the effects of bank market power on firm credit availability, and therefore on firm investment considering the short and the long term. Our results suggest that an increase in bank market power reduce the firm investment on the short term, but on the long term firm investment tends to recovery. We extend the analysis by performing Granger causality test, and we find that bank market power influences on firm investment, but not the opposite side. Finally, we also show that cash flow is sensitive to bank market power for small and medium enterprises. Essay II: Firm exports, liquidity management, and financial constraints. This paper investigates the relationship between firm financial constraints, working capital finance and export activities. Our results suggest that financial constraints constitute an obstacle for firms to become in exporters, and even could reduce the percentage of foreign sales. We also find that an increase in cash conversion cycle, as well as net trade cycle, raises the probability of being an exporter, as well as the volume of foreign sales. Moreover, we find that an increase in collection and inventory period increases firm export activity, whilst by contrast, an increase in credit period reduces it. Essay III: Monetary policy, implicit interest rate, and relative net trade credit. This paper investigates the effects of monetary policy on the implicit interest rate of trade credit as well as the probability the firm becomes net trade borrower. We also construct the implicit interest rate as the difference between creditors and debtors over the sum of both. Our results show that a tightening in monetary policy leads to: (i) increase interest rate of trade credit, (ii) become firms in trade borrowers, (iii) generate divergence in the cost of trade credit among firms of the same industry sector, and (iv) create a complementarity effect in prices between trade and bank financing.