Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calculating Invariant Rings of Finite Groups over Arbitrary Fields

Abstract An algorithm is presented which calculates rings of polynomial invariants of finite linear groups over an arbitrary field K . Up to now, such algorithms have been available only for the case that the characteristic of K does not divide the group order. Some applications to the question whether a modular invariant ring is Cohen—Macaulay or isomorphic to a polynomial ring are discussed.
Study of a pneumatic constant force tracking system

This paper presents a control method to pneumatic constant force tracking system. The proposed method comprise of two parts, the inner sliding position controller and the constant force controller. With this control method, as proved by the simulation results, the pneumatic force tracking system performs well from free space to contact space, and the speediness of the system is improved as well.
Measuring and Mining LMS Data

Educational content quality and quantity is a crucial factor for the success of e-learning procedure. This study puts forward a proposal that enables the evaluation of online content and its usage by the learners. It proposes some new measures and metrics for content and course usage and investigates, through data mining techniques, the impact of users' online behavior to their performance as this is reflected by course grade. The proposed measures and metrics were used in the case study of a Greek university. They tracked both course content quantity and its corresponding usage which express user experience over the learning content. The results show that although many measures are related to higher grade, it is the duration of online study that mainly affects learners' final grade. Therefore an online platform may indicate students with low activity and send them additional messages tar on them to study more time the online course.
Mitochondrial pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress participate in the photosensitizing effectiveness of AE‐PDT in MG63 cells

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment in cancer therapy, with a photosensitizer activated by visible light. Aloe‐emodin (AE) is a promising photosensitive agent. In this study, the photosensitizing effects and possible mechanisms of AE‐PDT in MG63 cells were evaluated. The efficiency of AE‐PDT was analyzed by MTT assay. The mode of cell death was investigated by Hoechst 33,342 staining and flow cytometer. The intracellular distribution of AE was detected with confocal microscopy. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by DCFH‐DA. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was measured by Rhodamine 123. The expression of proteins including cytochrome c, caspase‐3, ‐9, and ‐12, CHOP and GRP78 was detected by western blot. Apoptosis is the primary mode of cell death in our study, which occurs in a manner of depending on AE concentration and irradiation dose. Confocal microscopy showed that AE was primarily localized on the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of MG63 cells. AE‐PDT resulted in rapid increases of intracellular ROS production, which reached a peak at 2 h, followed by declining of mitochondrial membrane potential, releasing of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, and up‐regulation of caspase‐3, ‐9, and ‐12, CHOP and GRP78. These results suggest that death of MG63 cells induced by AE‐PDT is triggered by ROS. Meanwhile, Mitochondria and ER serve as the subcellular targets, which are responsible for AE‐PDT‐induced death of MG63 cells.
Effects of induced and naturalistic mood on the temporal allocation of attention to emotional information

Building upon recent findings that affective states can influence the allocation of spatial attention, we investigate how state, trait and induced mood are related to the temporal allocation of attention to emotional information. In the present study, 125 unscreened undergraduates completed a modified rapid serial visual presentation task designed to assess the time course of attention to positive and negative information, comparing a neutral baseline mood induction to either a positive or negative mood induction. Induced negative mood facilitated attentional engagement to positive information while decreasing attentional engagement to negative information. Greater naturally occurring negative state mood was associated with faster or more efficient disengagement of attention from negative information in the presence of manipulated negative mood, relative to baseline. The engagement findings were inconsistent with our mood-congruence hypotheses and may be better explained by mood repair or affective counter-regulation theories. In contrast, the disengagement findings for state mood were somewhat consistent with our mood-congruence hypotheses. The relationship between mood and attention to emotional information may differ depending on the combination of attentional mechanism (engagement versus disengagement), aspect of mood (state, trait or induced), stimulus valence (positive versus negative) and timescale (early versus late) under investigation.
A TCP Congestion Control Model Based on Congestion Event Classification

To resolve the problems that many TCP versions can only implement one kind of congestion control algorithm and cannot satisfy the complex application environments, this paper proposes a TCP congestion control model based on congestion event classification. This model integrates various kinds of congestion control algorithms specified by IETF, and is implemented by a state machine. The analysis shows that this model has the advantages of high throughput capacity, fairness and extensibility.
Nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonists. XI. Pharmacological characterization of SB 234551, a high-affinity and selective nonpeptide ETA receptor antagonist.

The present study describes the pharmacological profile of ((E)-alpha-[[1-butyl-5-[2-[(2-carboxyphenyl)methoxy]-4-methoxy-phenyl ]-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]methlene]-6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-propanoic acid) (SB 234551), a high-affinity, nonpeptide endothelin type A (ETA)-selective receptor antagonist. In human cloned ETA and endothelin type B (ETB) receptors, SB 234551 produced a concentration-dependent displacement of [125I]-endothelin-1 with Ki values of 0.13 and 500 nM, respectively. SB 234551 elicited concentration-dependent, rightward competitive shifts in the endothelin-1 concentration-response curves in isolated rat aorta and isolated human pulmonary artery (ETA receptor-mediated vascular contraction) with Kb values of 1.9 and 1.0 nM, respectively. SB 234551 antagonized ETB receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in the isolated rabbit pulmonary artery, as demonstrated by concentration-dependent, rightward shifts in the sarafotoxin S6c concentration-response curves (Kb = 555 nM). SB 234551 produced weak functional inhibition of sarafotoxin S6c-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation (IC50 = 7 microM). SB 234551 (10 microM) had no significant effect against contraction produced by several other vasoactive agents and did not significantly influence radioligand binding to a number of diverse receptors. SB 234551 (0. 1-1.0 mg/kg i.v.) dose-dependently inhibited the pressor response to exogenous endothelin-1 in conscious rats. In vivo pharmacokinetic analysis in the rat demonstrated that SB 234551 was rapidly absorbed from the GI tract with a bioavailability of 30%. SB 234551 had a plasma half-life of 125 min and a systemic clearance of 25.0 ml/min/kg. The present study demonstrates that SB 234551 is an antagonist with high affinity for the ETA receptor, while sparing the ETB receptor. SB 234551 is a new pharmacological tool that should assist in the elucidation of the role of endothelin in pathophysiology.
An adaptable deflect and conquer clustering algorithm

The grid-based clustering algorithm is an efficient clustering algorithm, but the effect of the algorithm is seriously influenced by the size of the predefined grids and the threshold of the significant cells. Thus, in this paper, to reduce the influences of the size of the predefined grids and the threshold of the significant cells, we adopt deflect and conquer techniques to propose a new grid-based clustering algorithm, which is called Adaptable Deflect and Conquer Clustering (ADCC) algorithm. The idea of ADCC is to utilize the predefined grids and predefined threshold to identify the significant cells, by which nearby cells that are also significant can be merged to develop a cluster in the first place. Next, the modified grids which are deflected to half size of the grid are used to identify the significant cells again. Finally, the new generated significant cells and the initial significant cells are merged so as to offset the round-off error and improve the precision of clustering task. And we verify by experiment that the performance of our new grid-based clustering algorithm, ADCC, is good.
Weighted Methods for Analyzing Missing Data with the GEE Procedure

Missing observations caused by dropouts or skipped visits present a problem in studies of longitudinal data. When the analysis is restricted to complete cases and the missing data depend on previous responses, the generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach, which is commonly used when population-averaged effects are of primary interest, can lead to biased parameter estimates. The new GEE procedure in SAS/STAT® 13.2 implements a weighted GEE method, which provides consistent parameter estimates when the dropout mechanism is correctly specified. When none of the data are missing, the method is identical to the usual GEE approach, which is available in the GENMOD procedure. This paper reviews the concepts and statistical methods for weighted GEE and illustrates them with an example.
Tn5 Transposase with an Altered Specificity for Transposon Ends

ABSTRACT Tn5 is a composite bacterial transposon that encodes a protein, transposase (Tnp), required for movement of the transposon. The initial step in the transposition pathway involves specific binding of Tnp to 19-bp end recognition sequences. Tn5 contains two different specific end sequences, termed outside end (OE) and inside end (IE). In Escherichia coli, IE is methylated by Dam methylase (IEME). This methylation greatly inhibits recognition by Tnp and greatly reduces the ability of transposase to facilitate movement of IE defined transposons. Through use of a combinatorial random mutagenesis technique (DNA shuffling), we have isolated an IEME-specific hyperactive form of Tnp, Tnp sC7v.2. 0, that is able to promote high levels of transposition of IEME defined transposons in vivo and in vitro while functioning at wild-type levels with OE transposons. This protein contains a critical glutamate-to-valine mutation at amino acid 58 that is responsible for this change in end specificity.
WHITE PAPER : Engineered Elephant Flows in Large Scale CLOS Networks 3 OF-DPA-WP 102-R Data Centers and ECMP-Based CLOS Networks

Data Center networks built using Layer 3 ECMP-based CLOS topology deliver excellent bandwidth and latency characteristics, but they can also cause short-lived latency sensitive mice flows to be choked by long-lived bandwidth-hungry elephant flows degrading application performance. A representative traffic engineering application is implemented on available hardware switches using Broadcom's OpenFlow 1.3. 1 compliant OpenFlow Data Plane Abstraction (OF-DPA) Specification and Software, and an open source OpenFlow 1.3. 1 agent (Indigo 2.0) and controller (Ryu). This application demonstrates the ability to implement scalable and workload-sensitive Layer 3 ECMP-based CLOS networks using OpenFlow.
Tracking of Moving object in Video scene using Neural Network

Real-time object tracking is recently becoming more and more important in the field of video analysis and processing. Applications like traffic-control, user-computer interaction, online video dispensation and production and video surveillance need reliable and economically reasonable video tracking tools. We have an algorithm which uses motion vector as well as color for tracking objects from MPEG video Here we explain a new approach for object tracking in compressed domain. Instead of using a single indication to solve this problem, we unite motion vector as well as color for tracking objects from MPEG video. Further we will trained neural network for each feature of object (colour,texture,shape etc) so that feature extraction of any object can be done in suitable way after that tracking of that moving object can be done every easily for any domain.
Topological mapping methods for α-helical bacterial membrane proteins – an update and a guide

Integral membrane proteins with α‐helical transmembrane segments (TMS) are known to play important and diverse roles in prokaryotic cell physiology. The net hydrophobicity of TMS directly corresponds to the observed difficulties in expressing and purifying these proteins, let alone producing sufficient yields for structural studies using two‐/three‐dimensional (2D/3D) crystallographic or nuclear magnetic resonance methods. To gain insight into the function of these integral membrane proteins, topological mapping has become an important tool to identify exposed and membrane‐embedded protein domains. This approach has led to the discovery of protein tracts of functional importance and to the proposition of novel mechanistic hypotheses. In this review, we synthesize the various methods available for topological mapping of α‐helical integral membrane proteins to provide investigators with a comprehensive reference for choosing techniques suited to their particular topological queries and available resources.
Experience with computer-aided graphical analysis of sudden-short-circuit oscillograms of large synchronous machines

In a companion paper, computer programs are proposed for automating the analysis of sudden-short-circuit oscillograms in accordance with present IEC and IEEE standards. In this paper, we further illustrate the capabilities of computer-aided graphical methods with a view to their incorporation into modern testing practices. Using synthetic short-circuit data obtained from an exact solution of the network equations of known machines, it is first shown that use of the proposed software leads to satisfactory parameters in a number of realistic situations, including those where sub-subtransient effects are present. When faced with real data, it is shown that pre-filtering, without phase distortion, is often necessary and some useful tools are suggested for carrying this out. A thorough investigation of the automatic graphical method applied to three machines, differing widely in design, suggests that the new software is robust enough to be used on a regular basis, either in the field or in the design office. Using the Takeda & Adkins K-factor, derived graphically from the field current oscillogram, even a full second-order network is possible, matching the underlying phenomena, as seen from both the rotor and stator. >
Probabilistic Temporal Planning

Planning research has explored the issues that arise when planning with concurrent and durative actions. Separately, planners that can cope with probabilistic effects have also been created. However, few attempts have been made to combine both probabilistic effects and concurrent durative actions into a single planner. The principal one of which we are aware was targeted at a specific domain. We present a unified framework for probabilistic temporal planning. This framework supports actions with different duration probabilistic outcomes, and does not restrict an action’s effects to its start and end. We have tailored a deterministic search algorithm specifically for the framework. It combines elements of both LRTDP and AO*, and uses a search space designed to reduce the impact of exponential growth. Most search algorithms can benefit from the use of heuristics. We show some ways of applying heuristics to probabilistic temporal planning. This includes a framework for applying heuristics based on the planning graph data structure. The Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) is considered to be the standard language for defining planning domains and their associated problems. We present an extension to PDDL that supports probabilistic temporal planning.
Analysis on Incident Data in Pharmacies

—Japan Council for Quality Health Care collects and discloses incident data in Japanese pharmacies, and do medical safety measures such as providing information. In this study, we analyzed the incident data, and found that the collected data are inadequate to be analyzed to find meaningful information. We also proposed the model which shows the correspondences between underlying factors and human errors.
QALL-ME needs AIR: a portability study

Currently access to institutional repositories is gained using dedicated web interfaces where users can enter keywords in an attempt to express their needs. In many cases this approach is rather cumbersome for users who are required to learn a syntax specific to that particular interface. To address this problem, we propose to adapt the QALL-ME framework, a reusable framework for fast development of question answering systems, in order to allow users to access information using natural language questions. This paper describes how the web services part of the QALL-ME framework had to be adapted in order to give access to information gathered from unstructured web pages by the AIR project.
Fast algorithms for the all nearest neighbors problem

The basic approach to algorithm ANNs, as well as to all of the algorithms presented here, is to use a cell technique ([BWY], [BFP]). The region containing the input points is partitioned into equal-sized cubic cells. 'rhe distance from a point to its nearest neighbors is bounded using the distance of the cell cont.aining the point to the nearest cell also occupied by a point. This bound is improved by refining the. cellular partition into smaller and smaBer cubic cells. Computational effort at each step is saved by storing, for each cell occupied by at least one point, a set of nearest neigh.bor occupied cells: those cells that contain points that might be nearest neighbors to the points in the cell.
Analysis of yeast endocytic site formation and maturation through a regulatory transition point

ETOC: During yeast endocytic site formation, Ede1p (yeast Eps15), but not clathrin light chain, is important for the recruitment of most other early-arriving proteins to endocytic sites. Cargo and clathrin light chain may play roles in regulating the transition of endocytic sites out of the “intermediate coat” stage of endocytosis.
Tacrolimus Induces Insulin Resistance and Increases the Glucose Absorption in the Jejunum: A Potential Mechanism of the Diabetogenic Effects

Background The use of the immunosuppressive drug tacrolimus (TAC) is related to new onset diabetes after transplantation. Herein, we examined the effect of intraperitoneal administered TAC on intestinal glucose absorption in mice. Methods Animals received low, medium, or high dose TAC (0.5, 1, or 5 mg/kg/d, respectively), or 0.9% saline solution (control) for 14 days. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin concentration test, and serum TAC concentration measurements was performed after 14 days of TAC exposure. Plasma insulin was assessed and electrogenic glucose absorption were measured by the sodium-dependent increase of the short-circuit current. Expression levels of the glucose transporters sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 1, glucose transporter (GLUT) 2, and GLUT5 were also determined. Results Oral glucose absorption assessed by OGTT was significantly enhanced in the low, medium, and high groups. Serum insulin was elevated in the medium and high group compared with the control. Moreover, glucose-induced Isc was significantly higher in TAC administrated groups, which indicates that SGLT1 activity increased. Transcription levels and protein abundance of SGLT1 in the experimental groups also increased compared with the control. Conclusions TAC induced insulin resistance and strengthened intestinal glucose absorption by increasing the activity and expression of the glucose transporter, SGLT1.
Automatic synthesis flow for voltage rectifiers with impedance consideration

For radio-frequency (RF) circuits, energy harvesting is one of the research topics in recent years. By converting ambient energy into the required electrical energy, the circuit can still perform its functionality without any extra power source. In RF energy harvesting circuits, the most important part is the rectifier circuit. Therefore, this paper proposes an automated design tool for CMOS multi-stage Dickson rectifiers to generate the required designs from specifications to layout with power and impedance considerations. In this paper, impedance matching has been taken into consideration to have a proper tradeoff between area and performance. Therefore, it can solve the difficulty in previous approaches to match the impedance after design. The proposed automation tool is consisted of two parts, circuit sizing and IC layout, which have been implemented in LINUX already. The generated Tcl layout scripts have been tested in commercial EDA tools and generated the corresponding layout successfully. As demonstrated in the experimental results, this tool is able to generate the required circuits and layouts that satisfy all users' specifications in seconds. It can help users to shorten the complicated RF IC design flow.
Expression Dynamics and Protein Localization of Rhabdomeric Opsins in Platynereis Larvae

The larval stages of polychaete annelids are often responsive to light and can possess one to six eyes. The early trochophore larvae of the errant annelid Platynereis dumerilii have a single pair of ventral eyespots, whereas older nectochaete larvae have an additional two pairs of dorsal eyes that will develop into the adult eyes. Early Platynereis trochophores show robust positive phototaxis starting on the first day of development. Even though the mechanism of phototaxis in Platynereis early trochophore larvae is well understood, no photopigment (opsin) expression has yet been described in this stage. In late trochophore larvae, a rhabdomeric-type opsin, r-opsin1, expressed in both the eyespots and the adult eyes has already been reported. Here, we identify another Platynereis rhabdomeric opsin, r-opsin3, that is expressed in a single photoreceptor in the eyespots in early trochophores, suggesting that it mediates early larval phototaxis. We also show that r-opsin1 and r-opsin3 are expressed in adjacent photoreceptor cells in the eyespots in later stages, indicating that a second eyespot-photoreceptor differentiates in late trochophore larvae. Using serial transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we identified and reconstructed both photoreceptors and a pigment cell in the late larval eyespot. We also characterized opsin expression in the adult eyes and found that the two opsins co-express there in several photoreceptor cells. Using antibodies recognizing r-opsin1 and r-opsin3 proteins, we demonstrate that both opsins localize to the rhabdomere in all six eyes. In addition, we found that r-opsin1 mRNA is localized to, and translated in, the projections of the adult eyes. The specific changes we describe in opsin transcription and translation and in the cellular complement suggest that the six larval eyes undergo spectral and functional maturation during the early planktonic phase of the Platynereis life cycle.