Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two 130nm CMOS class-D RF power amplifiers suitable for polar transmitter architectures

Two class-D RF power amplifiers consisting of CMOS inverter chains have been designed and measured. The first amplifier operates at 1 GHz and has a maximum output power of 12 dBm, whereas the second operates at 1.5 GHz and outputs a maximum of 6 dBm. The amplifiers have been characterized for use in two different polar transmitter architectures, Pulse Width Modulation by Variable Gate Bias (PWMVGB) and Envelope Elimination and Restoration (EER). Using a standard 130 nm digital CMOS process and off-chip passive components, maximum drain efficiencies of 32% and 39%, respectively, are achieved. The two amplifiers are compared with respect to output power and drain efficiency, including a qualitative analysis of losses. Moreover, their use in the two polar transmitter architectures is discussed.
Efecto de la torta de Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) sobre el desempeño productivo de juveniles de tilapia roja (Oreochromis sp.)

Antecedentes : El cultivo de Sacha Inchi ( P. volubilis ) viene siendo desarrollado en la selva amazonica peruana y en Colombia se cultiva principalmente en el departamento del Putumayo. Hoy en dia existen propuestas de su implementacion en la region del Catatumbo Norte Santandereano. Objetivo : En este estudio se evaluo el efecto de la inclusion de Torta de Sacha Inchi (TSI) ( Plukenetia volubilis ), como fuente de proteina en dietas para juveniles de tilapia roja ( Oreochromis sp .). Metodologia : Fueron preparadas cuatro dietas experimentales en las cuales se incluyo la TSI, como sustituto parcial de la harina de pescado en los siguientes porcentajes 0%, 5%, 10% y 20%. Fueron utilizados 144 juveniles de tilapia con peso inicial de 5,8 ± 0,9 g, los cuales fueron alimentados con ocho raciones diarias durante 55 dias para evaluar: ganancia de peso (GP), conversion alimenticia (CA), tasa especifica de crecimiento (TEC), tasa de eficiencia proteica (TEP), indice hepatosomatico (IHS) y porcentaje de sobrevivencia (%S). Resultados : Los resultados no evidenciaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) en ninguna de las dietas para CA y %S. Sin embargo, los parametros: GP, TEC, TEP y IHS presentaron valores significativamente elevados para inclusiones de 0, 5 y 10%, difiriendo estadisticamente (p 0.05) in any of the diets for FC and %S. However, the parameters: WG, SGR, PER and HI had significantly higher values for inclusions of 0,5 and 10%, being statistically different (p <0.01) from the 20% inclusion level. Conclusion: It is concluded that P. volubilis can replace fish meal up to a 10% level of inclusion Palabras clave: Harina de pescado, Indice hepatosomatico, Nutricion de peces, Piscicultura, Sobrevivencia.
Syntactic Analysis of Phrasal Compounds in Corpora: a Challenge for NLP Tools

The paper introduces a “train once, use many” approach for the syntactic analysis of phrasal compounds (PC) of the type XP+N like “Would you like to sit on my knee? ” nonsense. PCs are a challenge for NLP tools since they require the identification of a syntactic phrase within a morphological complex. We propose a method which uses a state-of-the-art dependency parser not only to analyse sentences (the environment of PCs) but also to compound the non-head of PCs in a well-defined particular condition which is the analysis of the non-head spanning from the left boundary (mostly marked by a determiner) to the nominal head of the PC. This method contains the following steps: (a) the use an English state-of-the-art dependency parser with data comprising sentences with PCs from the British National Corpus (BNC), (b) the detection of parsing errors of PCs, (c) the separate treatment of the non-head structure using the same model, and (d) the attachment of the non-head to the compound head. The evaluation of the method showed that the accuracy of 76% could be improved by adding a step in the PC compounder module which specified user-defined contexts being sensitive to the part of speech of the non-head parts and by using TreeTagger, in line with our approach.
Concentrated Winding IPM Synchronous Motor Design for Wide Field Weakening Applications

In order to understand the impact that certain design changes may have on the performance over a wide speed range, a series of 12-slot 8-pole concentrated winding interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) are analyzed. Fundamental theory of operation is used to describe the desirable characteristics in terms of the lumped parameters, and finite element analysis is carried out to show how these characteristics may be realized through the motor geometry changes. The motor geometry changes aim to create an IPMSM design with high d-axis inductance for the wide speed range operation, low harmonic content in the back electromotive force waveform, and low cogging torque. A prototype is constructed and test results are presented for verification.
Copains d'ecole, copains de travail

La construction des reseaux relationnels et leurs evolutions au cours du passage a la vie adulte sont en rapport etroit avec les processus de socialisation. A partir des donnees issues d’une enquete qualitative longitudinale menee depuis 1995 aupres d’un panel de jeunes interroges tous les trois ans, a ete abordee la question de l’impact de l’entree dans la vie professionnelle sur la transformation des reseaux des jeunes. L’examen de ces evolutions montre des changements importants non seulement en termes d’effectifs, mais aussi dans les facons de construire des liens a partir des cadres scolaire puis professionnel et dans la comparaison entre la figure du copain de lycee et celle du collegue de travail. Se trouve ainsi confirmee l’idee d’une mutation globale des modes de sociabilite au debut de la vie adulte.
Conformational Preferences of Proline Derivatives Incorporated into Vasopressin Analogues: NMR and Molecular Modelling Studies

In this study, arginine vasopressin analogues modified with proline derivatives – indoline‐2‐carboxylic acid (Ica), (2S,4R)‐4‐(naphthalene‐2‐ylmethyl)pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid (Nmp), (2S,4S)‐4‐aminopyroglutamic acid (APy) and (2R,4S)‐4‐aminopyroglutamic acid, (Apy) – were examined using NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling methods. The results have shown that Ica is involved in the formation of the cis peptide bond. Moreover, it reduces to a great extent the conformational flexibility of the peptide. In turn, incorporation of (2S,4R)‐Nmp stabilizes the backbone conformation, which is heavily influenced by the pyrrolidine ring. However, the aromatic part of the Nmp side chain exhibits a high degree of conformational freedom. With analogues IV and V, introduction of the 4‐aminopyroglumatic acid reduces locally conformational space of the peptides, but it also results in weaker interactions with the dodecylphosphocholine/sodium dodecyl sulphate micelle. Admittedly, both analogues are adsorbed on the micelle’s surface but they do not penetrate into its core. With analogue V, the interactions between the peptide and the micelle seem to be so weak that conformational equilibrium is established between different bound states.
MIMO-DFE based BLAST over frequency selective channels

A BLAST receiver architecture based on the MIMO-DFE (multiple-input-multiple-out decision feedback equalizer) is proposed to combat FS (frequency selective) channels. At each stage of detection, an MIMO-DFE in the MMSE sense is employed to estimate signals simultaneously, and multiple signal streams are selected for output and contribute to interference cancellation. The MIMO-DFE based BLAST promises a performance advantage over the MISO-DFE (multiple-input-single-output DFE) based BLAST where a MISO-DFE is used at each stage. It is also shown that the MIMO-DFE based BLAST requires less complexity than the MISO-DFE based BLAST because fewer equalizer stages and less computation for ordering signals are required.
A fuzzy approach to load balancing in a distributed object computing network

Distributed object computing (DOC) environments are widely considered as important platforms for building practical network computing applications. To efficiently manage such environments, a load balancing technique can be applied to balance system processing load among multiple server hosts. However, due to the global state uncertainty, there is no suitable mathematical model to characterize network behavior such that accurate task placement decision can be predicted. Fuzzy logic is one of the most powerful paradigms in solving problems that are difficult to model mathematically. The design and implementation of a dynamic fuzzy load balancing service running in a DOC environment is described. We have chosen Jini (Sun Microsystems) as our experimental platform on which our proposed approach and random and round-robin approaches are implemented and compared.
NEURO-PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF GINKGO BILOBA LEAVES EXTRACT ON CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY INDUCED EXPERIMENTALLY IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

Objective: This study investigated the possible neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups as follows: Sham-operated group, Ovariectomized group (OVX), Cerebral I/R injury ovariectomized group (OVX+I/R) and two treated groups given Ginkgo biloba leaves extract in two doses [(OVX+I/R)+Gin50 and (OVX+I/R)+Gin100] for one month starting one month after ovariectomization. Two months after ovariectomization, cerebral I/R injury was induced. 24 h later, blood and brain samples were collected. Results: Ginkgo biloba (50 and100 mg/kg) significantly decreased concentrations of TNF-α, MDA and NO, increased GSH concentration in serum and brain tissue and improved the histopathological pictures of treated rats when compared to ovariectomized cerebral I/R injury group. The effect of Ginkgo biloba high dose was better than the low dose. Conclusion: Thus the study suggests Ginkgo biloba as a potent supplement for protection against cerebral I/R injury in estrogen deficient females, after full clinical evaluation. The proposed mechanisms include neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions.
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Northwestern Dysphagia Patient Check Sheet to Brazilian Portuguese.

PURPOSE To present the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian version of the Northwestern Dysphagia Patient Check Sheet (NDPCS). METHODS The translation to Portuguese was performed by two Brazilian bilingual speech language pathologists, followed by a back translation conducted by a bilingual native speaker of the original language. Afterwards, the three versions were compared by a committee of three speech language pathologists. Initially, the final translated version of the NDPCS was applied with 35 volunteers aged between 62 and 92 years old (74.77±7.08), who had no dementia or complaints of swallowing disorder. After some adjustments, the instrument was applied with other 27 volunteers aged between 60 and 87 years old (76.56±7.07) with the same profile. RESULTS There was divergence in semantic equivalence in relation to one item, which was modified in the translated version. The tasks requested for observation during deglutition were adapted in relation to the solid food and the volumes used in pudding and liquid consistencies. The instrument maintained the same structure as the original version, with five categories and into 28 items, three brief variables, and four closures. CONCLUSION The equivalence between the original and the translated version of the NDPCS was preserved after its translation and adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese. The validation process of the psychometric properties of the instrument is in progress.
An LC-based tunable low-isolation device for adaptive duplexers

An LTE-enabled smartphone is a software-defined radio system that must cover a large number of frequency bands with different duplex differences. A proposed adaptive wideband duplexer needs a circulator to create the required initial isolation. To replace this an LC-based tunable low-isolation device is presented in this paper, providing the required tuning range for LTE Band I, II, III and VII. The circuit is implemented in a 130nm Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) process and provides an isolation exceeding 30dB at both transmit and receive frequencies of each specified LTE frequency band. The insertion loss from PA output to antenna port is below 2dB in LTE band I. The fabricated circuit occupies an area of 2.0mm×1.2mm.
Perfusion MRI Using Dynamic-Susceptibility Contrast MRI: Quantification Issues in Patient Studies

Objectives: Measurement of perfusion accurately, noninvasively, and with good spatial resolution offers the chance to characterize abnormal tissue in many clinical conditions. Dynamic-susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI, also known as bolus-tracking MRI, is a dynamic MRI method to measure perfusion and other related hemodynamic parameters. This review article describes the principles involved in perfusion quantification using DSC-MRI as well as discusses the main issues affecting its quantification in patient studies. Conclusions: It is shown that DSC-MRI is a very powerful technique that provides important information regarding cerebral hemodynamics. The relatively high contrast-to-noise ratio, fast acquisition, and wealth of information available have made DSC-MRI the most commonly used MRI technique for the rapid assessment of the brain hemodynamics in clinical investigations. While very important advances have been achieved in the last 2 decades, there are still some remaining limitations that users should be aware of to avoid misinterpretation of the findings and to make the most of the invaluable information provided by perfusion MRI.
Train traffic optimization to minimize stochastic delays

Optimization is a wide research area applicable to many areas of science and technology. Day by day, the increasing demand and complexities in the area of transportation, trigger many countries in the world to draw their attention on maximizing rapid adoption of railway transportation. The main consideration is how ever is to utilize the existing infrastructures in order to provide better and enhanced service. There is no difference in Sri Lanka, compared with other countries, facing same problems in transportation in order to provide efficient railway services with limited infrastructure and resources. Providing better railway service in Sri Lanka is big challenge than other countries due to managing stochastic delays. This is one of critical problems has to be addressed in Sri Lankan context. Annual train delays due to stochastic events are considerably high in rate than other countries. This directly effects on total productivity of the country itself intern. Main concern of this research is to reduce delay created by stochastic events, applying optimization technologies and low cost devices. This paper discuss the idea without delve into deep technical details.
Helpers at the nest compensate for reduced maternal investment in egg size in carrion crows

Life history theory predicts that mothers should trade off current and future reproductive attempts to maximize lifetime fitness. When breeding conditions are favourable, mothers may either increase investment in the eggs to improve the quality of the offspring or save resources for future reproduction as the good raising environment is likely to compensate for a ‘bad start’. In cooperatively breeding birds, the presence of helpers improves breeding conditions so that mothers may vary the number, size and quality of the eggs in response to the composition of the group. Here, we show that in cooperatively breeding carrion crows Corvus corone corone, where nonbreeding males are more philopatric and more helpful at the nest than females, breeding females decreased egg size as the number of subordinate males in the group increased. However, despite the smaller investment in egg size, fledglings’ weight increased in groups with more male subordinates, improving post‐fledging survival and indicating that helpers fully compensated for the initial ‘bad start’. These results highlight a ‘hidden effect’ of helpers that bears profound implications for understanding the ultimate function of helping.
Do Plant Invasions Change the Effects of Fire on Animals?

Fire and invasions by nonnative plants can change the structure and function of ecosystems, and independent effects of each of these processes have been well studied. When fire is restored to areas where it has been excluded and the native plant communities have been invaded by nonnative species, changes in vegetation structure and composition are likely to alter the fire regime. These changes, in turn, might alter the effects of fire on wildlife and wildlife habitat. In this paper, we develop a framework to evaluate whether fire and plant invasion act as independent, additive processes, or whether applying fire in invaded areas results in novel effects on wildlife. We explore changes in abundance of three small mammal species in response to experimental fires set along a gradient of dominance by Lehmann lovegrass (Eragrostis lehmanniana), an African bunchgrass that has invaded semidesert grasslands of the southwestern USA. For two of three species of small mammals, the effect of fire on abundance varied with the degree of invasion, suggesting a fire × invasion interaction. In systems dominated by nonnative plants, fire can function differently than it did prior to invasion, especially for animals with habitat requirements that match conditions created by the invading plant species. Consequently, prescriptions for restoration fires will need to consider the novel effects of fires on native plants and animals in areas where the plant community has changed.
Blood pressure and autonomic responses following isolated and combined aerobic and resistance exercise in hypertensive older women

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare blood pressure (BP) after isolated and combined sessions of aerobic and resistance exercises in hypertensive older women. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were included as additional variables. Methods: Twenty-one older women (63±1.9 years; 69.9±2.7 kg; 158.8±2.1 cm) with controlled hypertension (resting BP = 132.2 ± 3.1/74.1 ± 4.0 mmHg) performed four random sessions on different days: 1) aerobic exercise (AE: treadmill walking/running; 40 min; 50–60% HRreserve); 2) resistance exercise (RE: 8 exercises; 3 sets; 15 reps; 40% 1RM)); 3) aerobic exercise followed by resistance exercise (A+R); 4); control (CON). BP, HR and HRV were measured at rest and during 180 min after the sessions. Results: The AE and A+R sessions demonstrated significant decreases in SBP and DBP (30, 60, 120, and 180 min; P < 0.05) and increases in HR (30 and 60 min; P < 0.05) compared to the CON. The RE session demonstrated significant reductions compared to the CON only for DBP (120 and 180 min; P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in HRV between resting and all sessions. Conclusion: All sessions that involved aerobic exercise (AE and A+R) caused postexercise hypotension in comparison to the CON, with no differences in HRV.
Sensorless robot collision detection based on optimized velocity deviation

It is one of the main directions of robot development to improve the security of robot and realize the safe human-robot collaboration. Collision detection is its basic function. In this paper, a robot collision detection algorithm based on robot velocity deviation is innovatively proposed. Due to the delay of the robot servo system, the actual velocity lags behind the ideal calculation velocity. The delay of the digital low-pass filter is used to deal with the ideal calculation velocity so that it can be well adjusted with the actual velocity. In this way, the velocity deviation of the robot can be reduced and the detection sensitivity can be improved so as to avoid the interference of robot acceleration and deceleration to collision detection. Compared to traditional algorithms, the algorithm proposed in this paper does not require additional equipment, nor does it need to detect acceleration, current, or torque. And complex robot dynamics operation are also unnecessary. The algorithm is simple and can be used directly on ordinary industrial robots. The experimental results show that the algorithm can detect collision effectively, sensitively and accurately, controlling the robot to stop moving immediately to avoid damage to human and robot itself.
An Enzymatic Mechanism for Linking Amino Acids to RNA.

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GAW12: Simulated Genome Scan, Sequence, and Family Data for a Common Disease

The Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 12 simulated data involves a common disease defined by imposing a threshold on a quantitative liability distribution. Associated with the disease are five quantitative risk factors, a quantitative environmental exposure, and a dichotomous environmental variable. Age at disease onset and household membership were also simulated. Genotype data, including 2,855 microsatellites on 22 autosomes, were simulated for 1,497 individuals in 23 families. Phenotype data and sequence data for seven candidate genes were provided for 1,000 of these indiviudals who were “living” and available for study. Data were simulated for 50 replicate samples in each of two populations, a general population and a population isolate formed from a small group of founders. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Some Initial Conditions for Disposed Satellites of the Systems GPS and Galileo Constellations

Through the averaged equations we revisit theoretical and numerical aspects of the strong resonance that increases the eccentricity of the disposed objects of GPS and Galileo Systems. A simple view of the phase space of the problem shows that the resonance does not depend on the semi-major axis. Therefore, usual strategies of changing altitude (raising perigee) do not work. In this problem we search for a set of initial conditions such that the deactivated satellites or upper-stages remain at least for 250 years without penetrating in the orbits of the operational satellites. In the case that Moon's perturbation is not significant, we can identify, in the phase space, the regions where eccentricity reaches maximum and minimum values so that possible risks of collision can be avoided. This is done semi-analytically through the averaged system of the problem. Guided by this idea, we numerically found the (𝜔,Ω) values of the real unaveraged problem. In particular, for the Galileo case, the theoretical results predicted in the averaged system are in good agreement with numerical results. We also show that initial inclination of the Moon plays an important role in the search of these conditions.