Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accidents, Scandals, and Routines: Resources for Insurgent Methodology

News is the information which people receive second-hand about worlds which are not available to their own experience. Out of a vast “glut of occurrences,” a relatively few happenings are translated by mass media into things “ t to print,” i.e., the important things worthy of constituting our conceptions of the community, state, nation, and world in which we live. News, and the process through which it is produced, determines the experience of publics; it is an important source of whatever ideological hegemony exists in a given society; those who make the news are crucial actors in making publics what they are. The power of the media to create experience rests on what we’ll term the “objectivity assumption,” to which almost everyone pledges allegiance. This assumption has it that there is indeed a world “out there” and that an account of a given event re ects that world, or a piece of it, with some degree of accuracy. The “objectivity assumption” states not that the media are objective, but that there is a world out there to be objective about. Operating on the “objectivity assumption,” lay people read a newspaper or listen to a news broadcast with the aim in mind of  nding out about the world which is described in the produced account. People, in other words, read newspapers to  nd out about an assumed objective state of the world. Sociologists in their work on power, on the media, and in their methods of content analysis, usually do much the same thing. It’s all very reasonable, to be sure, but there is an alternative possibility. Newspapers, instead of re ecting a world out there, might re ect the practices of those who have the power to determine the experience of others. Harold Gar nkel has made a similar point about clinical records which he investigated. Rather than viewing an institution’s records as standing for something which happened, as sociologists typically do, Gar nkle saw in those records the practices of people who make records: the hedges they play, the short-cuts they take, the theories in their heads, the purposes-at-hand with which they must deal. In other words, there are “good organizational reasons for bad clinical records. ” And those “good reasons” spell out the social organization of the clinic.
Perceptions of a Videogame-Based Dance Exercise Program Among Individuals with Parkinson's Disease.

OBJECTIVE Physical therapy, including exercise, improves gait and quality of life in Parkinson's disease (PD). Many programs promoting physical activity have generated significant short-term gains, but adherence has been a problem. A recent evidence-based analysis of clinical trials using physical therapy in PD patients produced four key treatment recommendations: cognitive movement strategies, physical capacity, balance training, and cueing. We have attempted to incorporate all four of these features together through a dance exercise program using the dance videogame "Dance Dance Revolution" (DDR) (Konami Digital Entertainment, El Segundo, CA). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixteen medically stable participants with mild to moderate PD were given the opportunity to try DDR with supervision by a research staff member. Feedback about the advantages and disadvantages of DDR as a form of physical activity was elicited through focus groups using the nominal group technique. RESULTS Of 21 advantages and 17 disadvantages elicited, the most frequently cited advantages were "fun" and "easy to use," followed by "improves balance or coordination," "challenging," and "full body aerobic activity. " Common concerns were the distracting or confusing interface, cost, and possible technical issues. DISCUSSION Interactive dance exercise was appealing to participants with PD and may help promote adherence to physical activity. Concerns regarding familiarity with the technology may be addressed with simplification of the interface or additional training for participants. Results support a larger longitudinal study of DDR in PD.
Ndebele culture of Zimbabwe's views of giftedness

This study explored Ndebele culture of Zimbabwe's views of giftedness. Using questionnaire narratives, data were collected from thirty Zimbabwean teachers and lecturers of Ndebele cultural background. The study established that Ndebele culture views giftedness as an unusually outstanding ability blessed in an individual from birth, which manifests in extraordinary performances and expertise including creativity and inspirational power. The hallmarks of Ndebele culture's views of giftedness are achieving exceptionally outstanding success, creativity, ability to solve problems and inspirational power. Indigenous views warrant attention since contemporary psychology now recognizes multiple views of giftedness. The study therefore recommends considering the implications of indigenous views in planning and implementing broad‐based culturally sensitive gifted programs in Zimbabwe.
Expertise and own-race bias in face processing: an event-related potential study

Humans remember own-race faces more accurately than other-race faces (own-race bias). This effect is reduced by expertise with other-race faces. This study examined event-related potentials to own-race and other-race faces in a group of experts to other-race faces and a nonexpert control group. Both groups exhibited own-race recognition biases. Other-race faces elicited more negative and delayed N170 components, suggesting enhanced configural processing of own-race compared with other-race faces. Moreover, an increased P2 (approximately 210–240 ms) was observed for own-race faces. At right occipitotemporal regions of the experts only this P2 effect was found to be absent. These findings demonstrate an influence of early, presumably presemantic processes on the own-race bias, which are mediated by perceptual expertise with other-race faces.
[A strain of influenza A H9N2 virus repeatedly isolated from human population in China].

OBJECTIVE To understand the subtype of surface proteins (hemagglutinin and neuraminidase) and antigenic character of the isolate of influenza virus, as well as to know its origin. METHODS The virus isolation was performed on MDCK cells. The identification and antigenic analysis of the isolate were carried out with HI and NI tests. The serum antibody in population against the isolate was detected with HI and neutralization assays. The individual investigation of the patient from whom the H9N2 virus was isolated was followed. RESULTS The isolate was H9N2 subtype of influenza A virus. It was G9 like strain. Its antigenicity was different from that of H9N2 viruses which were previously found in humans, chickens and pigeons. The HI and neutralization titers to H9N2 virus in convalescent serum of the patient reached 1:400 and > or =1: 640, respectively. The HI antibody titer 1:25 to H9N2 virus was also detected in the serum of patient's mother. CONCLUSIONS The isolate is H9N2 subtype of influenza A virus and belongs to G9 like strain. The antigenic character of the isolate was different from that of H9N2 viruses found previously in humans, chickens and pigeons. The greatest possibility was that her mother had contacted with birds, especially chickens carrying H9N2 virus, then transmitted to her or she breathed in the air borne with H9N2 virus particles directly.
Combination of word-based and category-based language models

A language model combining word based and category based n grams within a backoff framework is presented. Word n grams conveniently capture sequential relations between particular words, while the category model, which is based on part of speech classifications and allows ambiguous category membership, is able to generalise to unseen word sequences and therefore appropriate in backoff situations. Experiments on the LOB, Switchboard and WSJO corpora demonstrate that the technique greatly improves language model perplexities for sparse training sets, and offers significantly improved complexity versus performance tradeoffs when compared with standard trigram models.
Compressive imaging with iterative forward models

We propose a new compressive imaging method for reconstructing 2D or 3D objects from their scattered wave-field measurements. Our method relies on a novel, nonlinear measurement model that can account for the multiple scattering phenomenon, which makes the method preferable in applications where linear measurement models are inaccurate. We construct the measurement model by expanding the scattered wave-field with an accelerated-gradient method, which is guaranteed to converge and is suitable for large-scale problems. We provide explicit formulas for computing the gradient of our measurement model with respect to the unknown image, which enables image formation with a sparsity-driven numerical optimization algorithm. We validate the method both analytically and with numerical simulations.
The analysis of political systems

Originally published between 1943 and 1969, titles in this set were written against a backdrop of rapid and radical political change. This set contains volumes by key political and sociological thinkers, including Bernard Crick. Covering topics as wide-ranging as European Federalism, Democracy and Dictatorship and Voting, these titles are as relevant today as when they were first published.
Coccolithophores: Functional Biodiversity, Enzymes and Bioprospecting

Emiliania huxleyi is a single celled, marine phytoplankton with global distribution. As a key species for global biogeochemical cycling, a variety of strains have been amassed in various culture collections. Using a library consisting of 52 strains of E. huxleyi and an ‘in house’ enzyme screening program, we have assessed the functional biodiversity within this species of fundamental importance to global biogeochemical cycling, whilst at the same time determining their potential for exploitation in biocatalytic applications. Here, we describe the screening of E. huxleyi strains, as well as a coccolithovirus infected strain, for commercially relevant biocatalytic enzymes such as acid/alkali phosphodiesterase, acid/alkali phosphomonoesterase, EC1.1. 1-type dehydrogenase, EC1.3. 1-type dehydrogenase and carboxylesterase.
Experimental drought induces short-term changes in soil functionality and microbial community structure after fire in a Mediterranean shrubland

Fire is a major ecosystem driver, causing significant changes in soil nutrients and microbial community structure and functionality. Post-fire soil dynamics can vary depending on rainfall patterns, although variations in response to drought are poorly known. This is particularly important in areas with poor soils and limited rainfall, like arid and 5 semiarid ones. Furthermore, climate change projections in many such areas anticipate reduced precipitation and longer drought, together with an increase in fire severity. The e ects of experimental drought and fire were studied on soils in a Mediterranean Cistus-Erica shrubland in Central Spain. A replicated (n = 4) field experiment was carried out in which four levels of rainfall pattern were implemented by means 10 of a rain-out shelters and irrigation system. The treatments were: environmental control (natural rainfall), historical control (long-term average rainfall, 2 months drought), moderate drought (25% reduction of historical control, 5 months drought) and severe drought (45% reduction, 7 months drought). After one growing season, the plots were burned with high fire intensity, except a set of unburned plots that served as control. 15 Soils were collected seasonally during one year and variables related to soil nutrient availability and microbial community structure and functionality were studied. Burned soils increased nutrient availability (P, N, K) with respect to unburned ones, but drought reduced such an increase in P, while it further increased N and K. Such changes in available soil nutrients were short-lived. Drought caused a further decrease of enzyme 20 activities, carbon mineralization rate and microbial biomass. Fire decreased the relative abundance of fungi and actinomycetes. However, fire and drought caused a further reduction in fungi, with bacteria becoming relatively more abundant. Arguably, increasing drought and fires due to climate change will likely shift soil recovery after fire.
Phonological investigation of speech sound errors in children with autism spectrum disorders

Abstract Few studies have explored the comorbidity of autism and articulation/phonological disorders. In this study, phonological analyses were performed on eight children with autism. Speech elicitation included object naming and a connected speech sample. Data analyses involved phonetic inventory, phonological process analyses, and percentage consonants correct. Results showed that all eight children exhibited both delayed phonological behavior as well as some atypical phonological processes. Findings also revealed a strong relationship between severity of phonological behavior and severity of language impairment. Group comparisons showed that children with moderate–severe language impairment exhibited more typical and atypical phonological processes than children with mild–moderate language impairment, and overall correlation between phonological severity and language impairment was high. The findings contrast with some earlier studies but support and extend recent research showing unusual phonological trends in some children with autism.
What Factors Impact upon a Woman’s Decision to Undertake Genetic Cancer Testing?

Introduction: The advent of human genome project has lead to genetic tests that identify high-risk states for certain cancers. Many are privately marketed on the Internet. Despite the availability of tests, limited data has evaluated factors that lead to test uptake. The aim of the present study was to explore the attitudes of a cohort of new mothers toward uptake of a genetic cancer test with a 50% predictive value of cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken. The project targeted women who had recently given birth at an Australian tertiary referral hospital. Women were asked about a theoretical blood test that detected an increased risk for the development of cancer. Attitudes and knowledge questionnaires were completed. Results: Of 232 consecutive women approached, 32 declined, giving a response rate of 86.2%. Only 63 (31.5%) women stated they would have the test. Absence of religious belief, higher level of education, better knowledge of terms used in genetics, an absence of concern over emotional, employment, and insurance discrimination, and previous acceptance of Down syndrome screening in pregnancy were each associated with significantly higher rate of test uptake in univariate analysis (all p < 0.03). In multivariate analysis, a lack of concern over discrimination and a history of having accepted Down syndrome screening in the previous pregnancy remained significantly associated with test uptake (all p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Concern over discrimination and having made a prior decision to have genetic testing were the principal factors associated with decision-making.
Spatial Firing of Hippocampal Place Cells in Blind Rats

The rat hippocampus contains cells that are characterized by location-specific firing. Previous work has shown that the angular position of hippocampal place cell firing fields is accurately controlled by the position of visual cues, suggesting that vision plays a important role in triggering place cell activity. However, a role for other types of information has also been suggested because place cell activity can be recorded while animals are moving in the darkness. In this study, we asked whether place fields can get established in rats that have never seen their environment. We studied place cell activity in early blind rats and found that these rats had place cells very similar to those recorded from sighted rats. This result suggests that early vision is not necessary for normal firing of hippocampal place cells. Dynamic, motion-related information in conjunction with stimulus recognition seems to be sufficient.
Translation Studies Forum: Cultural translation

In the following, we present the second round of responses to the article ‘‘Cultural translation: An introduction to the problem’’, by Boris Buden and Stefan Nowotny of the European Institute for Progressive Cultural Policies in Vienna (Translation Studies 2, no. 2 (2009): 196 208). The first round of responses has prompted reactions from a wide range of perspectives, and we will continue this stimulating discussion in Translation Studies 3, no. 3. We very much welcome further responses (deadline for submission: February 2010).
Optimal Iterative Learning Controls for the Partial Non-Regular Systems Using Lifting Technique

Deficiencies of the optimal iterative learning control (ILC) for the non-regular systems are investigated in detail, then a faster control input updating and lifting technique is introduced in the design of optimal ILC for the partial non-regular systems. Besides, a novel optimal ILC based on new defined performance index in iteration domain is presented for the lifted systems. At last, simulation results are given to illustrated feasibility of proposed learning controls.
Analytical models for RTL power estimation of combinational andsequential circuits

In this paper, we propose a modeling technique that captures the dependence of the power dissipation of a (combinational or sequential) logic circuit on its input/output signal switching statistics. The resulting power macromodel consists of a quadratic or cubic equation in four variables, that can be used to estimate the power consumed in the circuit for any given input/output signal statistics. Given a low-level (typically gate-level) description of the circuit, we describe a characterization process that uses a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm by which such an equation-based model can be automatically built. This approach has been implemented and models have been built and tested for many combinational and sequential benchmark circuits.
Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), his friendships with the artists Max Claudet (1840–1893) and Paul Dubois (1829–1905), and his public image in the 1870s and 1880s

Biographers have largely ignored Louis Pasteur's many and varied connections with art and artists. This article is the third in a series of the authors' studies of Pasteur's friendships with artists. This research project has uncovered data that enlarge the great medical chemist's biography, throwing new light on a variety of topics including his work habits, his social life, his artistic sensibilities, his efforts to lobby on behalf of his artist friends, his relationships to their patrons and to his own patrons, and his use of works of art to foster his reputation as a leader in French medical science. In their first article, the authors examined his unique working relationship with the Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt and the creation of the famous portrait of Pasteur in his laboratory in the mid-1880s. A second study documented his especially warm friendship with three French artists who came from Pasteur's home region, the Jura, or from neighbouring Alsace. The present study explores Pasteur's friendships with Max Claudet and Paul Dubois, both of whom created important representations of Pasteur. These friendships and others with patrons reveal an active pursuit of patronage and reputation building from 1876 into the late 1880s. Yet, although Pasteur actively used public art to raise his status, it becomes clear in these stories that for Pasteur beauty was an ideal and art a pleasure for its own sake.
AJAX-BASED LINKAGE OF DATABASES FOR LOCATION-BASED-SERVICES : THE ONLINE-CAMPUSGIS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE

This paper presents recent improvements of the CampusGIS of the University of Cologne (http://www.campusgis.de) which is designed, developed and established by the GIS & Remote Sensing research group at the Department of Geography at the University of Cologne. The overall task of the CampusGIS is to provide general and spatial campus information, e. g. visualization, advanced search functions, orientation, routing, navigation, and facility management. To meet these requirements, it was essential to connect several existing relational database systems of the University of Cologne with spatial data within an online GIS environment. The overall design approach is based on a linkage of these DBMS with spatial data to provide location-based services (LBS). Therefore, several objects and attributes of the CampusGIS geo database were surveyed using Differential GPS and total station. In addition to the major developments, a 3D model of the buildings, starting at a level-of-detail (LOD) 1, improves the visualization. Thus, the CampusGIS as an AJAX-based application for online information is able to supply data concerning university staff, lectures, institutions, buildings, facilities etc.
Video Classification Using Semantic Concept Co-occurrences

We address the problem of classifying complex videos based on their content. A typical approach to this problem is performing the classification using semantic attributes, commonly termed concepts, which occur in the video. In this paper, we propose a contextual approach to video classification based on Generalized Maximum Clique Problem (GMCP) which uses the co-occurrence of concepts as the context model. To be more specific, we propose to represent a class based on the co-occurrence of its concepts and classify a video based on matching its semantic co-occurrence pattern to each class representation. We perform the matching using GMCP which finds the strongest clique of co-occurring concepts in a video. We argue that, in principal, the co-occurrence of concepts yields a richer representation of a video compared to most of the current approaches. Additionally, we propose a novel optimal solution to GMCP based on Mixed Binary Integer Programming (MBIP). The evaluations show our approach, which opens new opportunities for further research in this direction, outperforms several well established video classification methods.
Short versus long double-stranded RNA activation of a post-transcriptional gene knockdown pathway

ABSTRACT RNA interference (RNAi) utilizes a conserved cellular autoimmune defense mechanism involving the internalization of dsRNA into cells and the activation of a set of RNAi related genes. Using RNAi, complete sex reversal is achievable in males of the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii by knocking down the transcript level of an insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (Mr-IAG) through injections of dsRNA of the entire Mr-IAG ORF sequence (dsMr-IAG – 518bp). Interestingly, in-vivo knockdown success and dsMr-IAG lengths seemed to correlate, with long dsRNA being the most effective and short dsRNA fragments showing no effect. However, little is known about the RNAi machinery in M. rosenbergii. We discovered the Mr-Dicer and Mr-Argonaute gene families, associated with the major knockdown pathways, in our M. rosenbergii transcriptomic library. In response to dsMr-IAG administration, only post-transcriptional pathway-related gene transcript levels were upregulated. In addition, a passive dsRNA channel (a SID1 gene ortholog) that allows external dsRNA to enter cells was found. Its function was validated by observing Mr-SID1 specific upregulation dependent on dsRNA lengths, while attempted loss-of-function experiments were lethal. Our results, which suggest differential systemic responses to dsRNA lengths, provide evidence that the above RNAi-based manipulation occurs via the post-transcriptional pathway. The temporal nature of the latter pathway supports the safety of using such RNAi-based biotechnologies in aquaculture and environmental applications. Unlike reports of RNAi driven by the administration of small dsRNA fragments in-vitro, the case presented here demonstrates length dependency in-vivo, suggesting further complexity in the context of the entire organism.