Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graph Mining for Detection of a Large Class of Financial Crimes

Financial crime perpetrators use many different and sophisticated types of schemes, techniques and transactions to accomplish their goals. However, for a large class of financial crimes, such as doing harm to a company, they cannot escape a powerful principle: illegal proceeds have to return to or be under control of managers to achieve a personal gain. This circular flow of transaction attributes is characteristic of another type of financial crimes: such as a VAT carousel or a Polish fuel mafia scheme. In this work we propose a minimal model of descriptions of a doing harm to a company crime, combined with money laundering. Such a model uses sufficient ontology to build evidence and assign legal qualifications to criminal activities and nothing more. The scheme can be described by using 8 layers of concepts and relations that follow in logical order of uncovering a crime. For example, on the first level that describes money transfers there are only 6 parameters necessary assuming that certain operations can be grouped. Using conceptual graphs with subsumption and negation operations, one can reason on people involvement in a crime and choose between strategies of building a case. The model captures over 90% of relevant information for a typical use case of issuing fictitious invoices, the so called Hydra case and is able effectively reason over relevant facts, which means that legal qualification for this case is basically correct. To what extent the model can be generalized to more complex schemes will be a subject of a further study.
Water Surface Impact and Ricochet of Deformable Elastomeric Spheres

Approved: ______________________ ____________________ Tadd Truscott, Ph.D. Barton Smith, Ph.D. Major Professor Committee Member ______________________ ____________________ Ryan Berke, Ph.D. Robert Spall, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member ______________________ ____________________ Jesse Belden, Ph.D. David Peak, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member _______________________________________ Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies
From Malware Signatures to Anti-Virus Assisted Attacks

Although anti-virus software has significantly evolved over the last decade, classic signature matching based on byte patterns is still a prevalent concept for identifying security threats. Anti-virus signatures are a simple and fast detection mechanism that can complement more sophisticated analysis strategies. However, if signatures are not designed with care, they can turn from a defensive mechanism into an instrument of attack. In this paper, we present a novel method for automatically deriving signatures from anti-virus software and demonstrate how the extracted signatures can be used to attack sensible data with the aid of the virus scanner itself. We study the practicability of our approach using four commercial products and exemplarily discuss a novel attack vector made possible by insufficiently designed signatures. Our research indicates that there is an urgent need to improve pattern-based signatures if used in anti-virus software and to pursue alternative detection approaches in such products.
Electrochemical energy storage battery

Electrochemical storage battery comprising secondary cells (2), which are filled with an electrolyte, and Stromableiterelementen (1) connected to the secondary cell (2) are electrically connected, characterized in that the Stromableiterelemente (1) are constructed in several parts, one directly to a cell (2) connected to the contact part (3) of a Stromableiterelementes (1) of a first corrosion-resistant against the influence of the electrolyte, there is conductive material and a to the contact member (3) thereafter conduit part (4) of the current conductor element (1) made of a second material having is an electrical conductivity that is greater than the electrical conductivity of the first material.
Rate Splitting Issue for Finite Length Raptor Codes

In this paper, we discuss the rate splitting issue for the design of finite length Raptor codes, in a joint decoding framework. We show that the choice of a rate lower than usually proposed for the precede enables to design Raptor codes that perform well at small lengths, with almost no asymptotic loss. We show in particular that the error floor can be greatly reduced by properly choosing the rate splitting between the precede and the LT code. Those behaviors are demonstrated both on the BEC and the BIAWGN channel.
Secure communications for SWIPT over MIMO interference channel

Owing to the wireless signal power received by the energy harvesting (EH) node is generally higher than that of the information decoding (ID) node in simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system, the confidential information becomes vulnerable to be wiretapped. Motivated, in this paper, we aim at realizing secure communications for two-user MIMO interference channel with SWIPT. Unfortunately, the formulated secrecy rate maximization problem is non-convex with respect to the covariance matrices of two transmitters, thus an alternative algorithm is proposed to solve the nonconvex optimization problem. Firstly, the orthogonal-projection-based optimization algorithm is performed to completely suppress the interference to ID receiver, then by applying the Taylor series expansion, the covariance matrix of information transmitter is optimized based on the dual optimization. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to validate the security performance of the proposed algorithm.
Industrial wastewater treatment using electrochemical process

Wastewater treatment has become an essential part of industrial operations. A proper treatment is required to discharge this wastewater in to water bodies. Pesticide production is one of the major supporting factors to the agriculture field, since India is an agricultural based economy. The pesticide industry wastewater (PIW) contains chlorinated toxic pollutants. Treatment of such type of wastewater using conventional treatment methods might have their limitations due to the presence of toxic compounds, time consumption and complexity of the treatment process. In the past few years, the electrochemical method (Electrocoagulation (EC)/Electro oxidation (EO)) has been proposed as an effective method to treat many types of industrial effluents. In the present study, the treatment of pesticide processing industrial waste water has been carried out using electrochemical method and with combination of other advanced methods.
Factors associated with unexpected admissions and mortality among low‐functioning older patients receiving home medical care

The need for and availability of home medical care for elderly patients with limitations in terms of access to medical facilities has been increasing. We investigated the association between low function, malnutrition, dementia and multicomorbidity with patient prognosis, focusing on unexpected hospital admissions and mortality in elderly non‐cancer patients receiving home care.
Object Constellations : Scalable , Simultaneous Detection and Recognition of Multiple Specific Objects

Given a library of objects specified by example images, we describe a probabilistic framework for detecting multiple such objects in the scene, as well as estimating their positions and sizes. Detection of such an object constellation is faced with several major challenges. The approach has to be scalable to a large number of objects in the library while being robust towards outliers and noise. We propose to overcome these challenges by generating object and geometry hypotheses as priors for estimating the constellation. Generating object hypotheses avoids the need for evaluating the presence of all the objects in the image, which allows us to achieve scalability. Generating geometry hypotheses localizes the region of interests (ROIs) in which detection can be conducted. Object constellations are then estimated through a feature matching procedure, where we make recognition decision based on the number of feature matches for each object hypothesis, as well as the quality of the matches. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach with both public datasets and TV broadcast image sequences.
Small-Sided Games in Soccer: Amateur vs. Professional Players' Physiological Responses, Physical, and Technical Activities

Dellal, A, Hill-Haas, S, Lago-Penas, C, and Chamari, K. Small-sided games in soccer: Amateur vs. professional players' physiological responses, physical, and technical activities J Strength Cond Res 25(9): 2371-2381, 2011—The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the playing level in soccer (i.e., amateur vs. professional players) and the physiological impact, perceptual responses, time-motion characteristics, and technical activities during various small-sided games (SSGs). Twenty international players (27.4 ± 1.5 years and 17.4 ± 0.8 km·h−1 of v&OV0312;o2max) and 20 amateur players of the fourth French division (26.3 ± 2.2 years and 17.0 ± 1.2 km·h−1 of v&OV0312;o2max) played 9 SSGs (i.e., 2 vs. 2, 3 vs. 3, and 4 vs. 4) in which the number of ball touches authorized by possession varied (1 ball touch authorized = 1T, 2 ball touches authorized = 2T, and Free Play = FP). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate ([La]), subjective perception of effort (rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), physical performance, and technical performance of all players were analyzed during all SSGs. Across the various SSGs, amateurs completed a lower percent of successful passes (p < 0.01), recorded higher RPE and [La] values, lost a greater amount of ball possessions (p < 0.001), and covered less total distance with respect to sprinting and high-intensity running (HIR). The HR responses, however, were similar when expressed as %HRmax and %HRreserve. The comparison of the professional and amateur soccer players' activities during SSGs showed that the playing level influenced the physiological responses, physical and technical activities. Consequently, this study has shown that the main differences between elite and amateur players within SSGs concerned their capacity to perform high-intensity actions (HIR and sprints) and execute various technical abilities (in particular number of ball lost per possession and percentage of successful passes).
Solid‐Waste Management Practices of Households in Manila, Philippines

The experiences and practices of household waste management of people in a barangay (village) in Manila, Philippines are documented. The data were gathered through an interview with household members using open‐ended questions. Interviews were also conducted with garbage collectors as well as scavengers. Results showed that the households generated an average of 3.2 kg of solid waste per day, or 0.50 kg/capita/day. The types of wastes commonly generated are food/kitchen wastes, papers, PET bottles, metals, and cans, boxes/cartons, glass bottles, cellophane/plastics, and yard/garden wastes. The respondents segregate their wastes into PET bottles, glass bottles, and other waste (mixed wastes). No respondents perform composting. It is worth noting, however, that burning of waste is not done by the respondents. The households rely on garbage collection by the government. Collection is done twice daily, except Sundays, and household members bring their garbage when the garbage truck arrives. However, there are those who dump their garbage in nondesignated pick‐up points, usually in a corner of the street. The dumped garbage becomes a breeding ground for disease‐causing organisms. Some household respondents said that it is possible that the dumping in certain areas caused the dengue fever suffered by some of their family members. Mothers and household helpers are responsible for household waste management. Scavengers generally look for recyclable items in the dumped garbage. All of them said that it is their only source of income, which is generally not enough for their meals. They are also aware that their work affects their health. Most of the respondents said that garbage collection and disposal is the responsibility of the government. The results of the study showed that RA 9003, also known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, is not fully implemented in Metro Manila.
The Mental Representation and Processing of Spanish Verbal Morphology

In the literature on the mental representation and processing of verbal morphology there has been a debate between two broad theoretical frameworks: the connectionist perspectives (“single system” models) and various symbolic perspectives (“dual system” models). According to the first approach, morphological processing depends on input frequency and phonological associations, and does not involve the use of symbolic features such as word classes (Rumelhart and McClelland 1986; Daugherty and Seidenberg 1992, 1994). According to dual system models, two different systems are involved in the representation and processing of morphology: while regular morphology generally depends on symbolic rule computation independently of input frequency, the processing of irregular morphology depends on an associative memory that is sensitive to input frequency and phonological similarity (Pinker and Prince 1991, Pinker 1999, Ullman et al. 1997, Ullman 2001a). This debate has not been settled. There are at least two main unresolved issues. First, the debate has focused mainly on the representation of English past tense morphology by native English speakers, and both theoretical approaches have claimed to be able to accommodate much of the empirical data. Thus, research in other domains may be helpful to empirically distinguish the theories. Recently, there have been two areas of research that may contribute to the debate: the study of the representation of English as a second language (Ellis and Schmidt 1997; Flege et al. 1999; Birdsong and Flege 2001, Brovetto 2002), and the representation and processing of languages with different morphological systems, such as Spanish (Sonnenstuhl et al. 1999; Rodriguez-Fornells et al. 1999). The second problem relates to the difficulty in isolating properties such as word class or rhyme from effects of lexicality such as frequency. To get around this problem some studies have worked with novel (madeup) words, which allow for the isolation of potential representational properties (class, rhyme) from the effects of frequency. This paper reports the results of two experiments testing the mental representation and processing of Spanish Past Imperfect and Spanish Present Tense novel verbs. The goal is to explore the role of symbolic categories (conjugational class) and associative memory factors (phonological similarity) in the mental representation and processing of Spanish morphologically complex forms. The research questions that this paper tries to answer are: (a) Can Spanish verbal morphology be accounted for exhaustively by either symbolic procedures or associative memory procedures? , and (b) If both procedures take part in the representation and processing of Spanish verbs, how do they interact?
Fungal infections of the orbit

Fungal infections of the orbit can lead to grave complications. Although the primary site of inoculation of the infective organism is frequently the sinuses, the patients can initially present to the ophthalmologist with ocular signs and symptoms. Due to its varied and nonspecific clinical features, especially in the early stages, patients are frequently misdiagnosed and even treated with steroids which worsen the situation leading to dire consequences. Ophthalmologists should be familiar with the clinical spectrum of disease and the variable presentation of this infection, as early diagnosis and rapid institution of appropriate therapy are crucial elements in the management of this invasive sino-orbital infection. In this review, relevant clinical, microbiological, and imaging findings are discussed along with the current consensus on local and systemic management. We review the recent literature and provide a comprehensive analysis. In the immunocompromised, as well as in healthy patients, a high index of suspicion must be maintained as delay in diagnosis of fungal pathology may lead to disfiguring morbidity or even mortality. Obtaining adequate diagnostic material for pathological and microbiological examination is critical. Newer methods of therapy, particularly oral voriconazole and topical amphotericin B, may be beneficial in selected patients.
Changes in glucose disposal after a caloric restriction–induced weight loss program in obese postmenopausal women: characteristics of positive and negative responders in a Montreal-Ottawa New Emerging Team study

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate individual characteristics that explain interindividual variations in glucose disposal in response to a 6-month weight loss program in obese postmenopausal women. MethodsThe cohort was divided into tertiles based on changes in glucose disposal after weight loss. Only women in the upper tertile (positive responders: &Dgr;glucose disposal ≥ 0.92 mg/kg/min; n = 19) and lower tertile (negative responders: &Dgr;glucose disposal ⩽ −0.23 mg/kg/min; n = 19) were considered for analyses. Outcome measures included body weight, lean body mass (LBM), LBM index (= LBM / height [m2]), fat mass (FM), FM index (= FM / height [m2]), visceral fat, subcutaneous abdominal fat, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, interleukin-6, lipid profile, physical activity levels, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, glucose disposal by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique, and resting blood pressure. ResultsAt baseline, positive responders had higher triglycerides and hsCRP levels and lower glucose disposal (0.01 < P < 0.05) than negative responders. Except for visceral fat, the entire cohort showed significant decreases in all measures of body composition (P < 0.005) after weight loss, with greater decreases in body weight, body mass index, and FM index in positive responders (P < 0.005). Finally, data revealed that only positive responders showed decreases in LBM, LBM index, and hsCRP levels after weight loss (P between 0.01 and 0.001). ConclusionsAn important interindividual variability in changes in glucose disposal after weight loss is observed. Interestingly, participants who display improvements in glucose disposal also show significant decreases in LBM, LBM index, and hsCRP after weight loss.
Efficient Word Image Retrieval Using Earth Movers Distance Embedded to Wavelets Coefficients Domain

In this paper we use the Earth Movers Distance (EMD) algorithm to measure similarity between shapes for recognizing and searching Arabic words. We have used the Shape Context and the Angular Radial Partitioning descriptors to evaluate matching and recognizing with EMD. Based on the encouraging results of high accuracy and recall, we follow the low-distortion embedding of the Earth Mover's Distance to map the shapes in the database under the EMD distance, into a normed space of wavelet coefficients as differences of coefficients histograms. The approximate k-nearest neighbors in the database of the embedded shapes are retrieved in sub linear time using a Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) and generate a short list of candidates. This short list of candidates is used in a filter and refine strategy and the exact results are achieved using the original EMD on this short list. We demonstrate our method on the MNIST dataset and the freely available Arabic Printed Text Image (APTI) database. Our method achieves a speedup of 4 orders of magnitude over the exact method, at the cost of only a 2.4% reduction in accuracy.
Anisotropic spherical Gaussians

We present a novel anisotropic Spherical Gaussian (ASG) function, built upon the Bingham distribution [Bingham 1974], which is much more effective and efficient in representing anisotropic spherical functions than Spherical Gaussians (SGs). In addition to retaining many desired properties of SGs, ASGs are also rotationally invariant and capable of representing all-frequency signals. To further strengthen the properties of ASGs, we have derived approximate closed-form solutions for their integral, product and convolution operators, whose errors are nearly negligible, as validated by quantitative analysis. Supported by all these operators, ASGs can be adapted in existing SG-based applications to enhance their scalability in handling anisotropic effects. To demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of ASGs in practice, we have applied ASGs in two important SG-based rendering applications and the experimental results clearly reveal the merits of ASGs.
Comparative analysis of articulated and behavioural social networks in a social news sharing website

This study analyses and contrasts the explicit (articulated) and implicit (behavioural) social networks on the Spanish Digg-like social news website meneame.net. The explicit network is given in the form of declared but not necessarily bidirectional friendship links; the behavioural network is extracted from conversations through comments to the shared links. These two directed social networks and their intersection are analysed and described in detail, which leads to some important conclusions about user behaviour on link sharing websites and online conversation habits in general. We find that reply interactions are more likely to occur between non-friends and that these interactions are (if bidirectional) also more balanced in the case of non-friends. A k-core decomposition of the networks reveals a fundamental difference in the practice of establishing behavioural and articulated links.
Potocytosis and cellular exit of complexes as cellular pathways for gene delivery by polycations

Although polycations are among the most efficient nonviral vectors for gene transfer, the gene expression they allow is still too low for in vivo applications. To engineer more potent polycationic vectors, the factors governing the intracellular trafficking of a plasmid complexed with current polycations need to be identified.
Clutter suppression for high-resolution wide-swath SAR system

Clutter suppression is a key step for efficient detection of moving targets and accurate estimation of their parameters. Current clutter suppression approaches are available, in the case that clutter echoes of each channel are free of Doppler ambiguity. However, for multichannel high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, the received echoes of each channel suffer Doppler ambiguity and thus current clutter suppression approaches may not perform well. To address this issue, the signal models of stationary and moving target with Doppler ambiguity are derived. By analyzing the signal models, this paper proposes a clutter suppression approach for multichannel SAR system with the capability of HRWS imaging. Simulated results and real data results both demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.