Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diamond tool wear mode, path and tip temperature distribution considering effect of varying rake angle and duncut/Redge ratio

Diamond tool wear has been proven to strongly depend on the temperature at the cutting zone. This is because the elevated temperature so attained during machining not only lowers carbon cohesion energy thereby reducing the fracture toughness of diamond tool due to C–C bond weakening but also facilitates high rate of carbon diffusion from diamond tool into silicon workpiece leading to high tool wear. This research therefore studied the response of diamond tool wear path and mode to changing rake angle and duncutRedge ratio during ultraprecision single point diamond turning of a monocrystalline silicon. It was observed from the study that the tool with larger rake angle and high duncutRedge ratio experienced stronger cutting resistance from the workpiece thereby causing the kinetic friction to be high. Additionally, silicon carbide (Tribochemistry) formation was observed to be through both solid-state single phase and multiphase reaction which are in tandem with sp 3 –sp 2 disorder (graphitization) of diamond with bulk of the observed tool wear happening in the flank face which could be due to increasing rake angle influence on the changing duncutRedge ratio.
The Vibrio fischeri LuxR protein is capable of bidirectional stimulation of transcription and both positive and negative regulation of the luxR gene

Regulation of the genes required for bioluminescence in the marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri (the lux regulon) is a complex process requiring coordination of several systems. The primary level of regulation is mediated by a positive regulatory protein, LuxR, and a small diffusible molecule, N-(3-oxo-hexanoyl)-homoserine lactone, termed autoinducer. Transcription of the luxR gene, which encodes the regulatory protein, is positively regulated by the cyclic AMP-CAP system. The lux regulon of V. fischeri consists of two divergently transcribed operons designated operonL and operonR. Transcription of the rightward operon (operonR; luxICDABE), consisting of the genes required for autoinducer synthesis (luxI) and light production (luxCDABE), is activated by LuxR in an autoinducer-dependent fashion. The leftward operon (operonL) consists of a single known gene, luxR. The LuxR protein has also been shown to decrease transcription of operonL through an autoinducer-dependent mechanism, thereby negatively regulating its own synthesis. In this paper we demonstrate that the autoinducer-dependent repression of operonL transcription requires not only LuxR but also DNA sequences within operonR which occur upstream of the promoter for operonL. In the absence of these DNA sequences, the LuxR protein causes an autoinducer-dependent activation of transcription of operonL. The lux operator, located in the control region between the two operons, was required for both the positive and negative autoinducer-dependent responses. By titration of high levels of LuxR supplied in trans with synthetic autoinducer, we found that low levels of autoinducer could elicit a positive response even in the presence of the negative-acting DNA sequences, while higher levels of autoinducer resulted in a negative response. Without these DNA sequences in operonR, LuxR and autoinducer stimulated transcription regardless of the level of autoinducer. These results suggest that a switch between stimulation and repression of operonL transcription is mediated by the levels of the LuxR-autoinducer complex, which in these experiments reflects the level of autoinducer in the growth medium.
Ear Recognition by using Least Mean Square Method

Biometrics is a proper way of identifying human beings based on certain physiological characteristics and behavioral characteristics. Some of the physiological characteristics are fingerprint, face, DNA and iris. Some of the useful behavioral traits are gait and voice. But ear biometrics has recently emerged as a new area in biometrics. A great possibility for use of human ears for identification exists but no automated ear biometrics system has been used yet. Automatic analysis in biometrics reduces time and helps us to accomplish tasks in a quicker and efficient manner. In the present paper , an ear recognition based on least mean square method is proposed. That is the mean square method is based on the approximate curve between the intensity and distance from the center of the ear. So overall work is broadly divided in to three parts. First segment the ear i.e. ROI(region of interest) . Second apply the method of least square and finally identify the ear by minimum average distance matching. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieve better result from other 2D ear recognition techniques.
Spatiotemporal Coordination of Slow-Wave Ongoing Activity across Auditory Cortical Areas

Natural acoustic stimuli contain slow temporal fluctuations, and the modulation of ongoing slow-wave activity by bottom-up and top-down factors plays essential roles in auditory cortical processing. However, the spatiotemporal pattern of intrinsic slow-wave activity across the auditory cortical modality is unknown. Using in vivo voltage-sensitive dye imaging in anesthetized guinea pigs, we measured spectral tuning to acoustic stimuli across several core and belt auditory cortical areas, and then recorded spontaneous activity across this defined network. We found that phase coherence in spontaneous slow-wave (delta-theta band) activity was highest between regions of core and belt areas that had similar frequency tuning, even if they were distant. Further, core and belt regions with high phase coherence were phase shifted. Interestingly, phase shifts observed during spontaneous activity paralleled latency differences for evoked activity. Our findings suggest that the circuits underlying this intrinsic source of slow-wave activity support coordinated changes in excitability between functionally matched but distributed regions of the auditory cortical network.
Flow cytometry immunophenotyping in integrated diagnostics of patients with newly diagnosed cytopenia: one tube 10‐color 14‐antibody screening panel and 3‐tube extensive panel for detection of MDS‐related features

Acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms and lymphomas are the most prevalent diagnoses in adults presenting with new onset cytopenia. Here, we describe two 10‐color panels of surface markers (screening and comprehensive panel) applied at the Flow Cytometry Laboratory, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. A 10‐color flow cytometry is applied using the stain–lyse–wash sample preparation method. In patients with <10% blasts and no clear involvement by hematological malignancy based on cytomorphological evaluation of bone marrow (BM) smear, the recently published one‐tube 10‐color 14‐antibody screening panel is applied. This panel allows detection of major B‐ and T‐cell abnormalities, enumeration of cells in blast region (CD45 dim), and gives insight into myeloid BM compartment, including calculation of four‐parameter score for MDS‐related abnormalities. In patients who present with ≥10 – <20% blasts in blood or BM smears, a comprehensive three‐tube panel of surface markers is used up front. The analysis is focused on the detection of abnormal antigen expression patterns not seen in normal/reactive BM, according to the guidelines developed by International/European LeukemiaNet Working Group for Flow Cytometry in MDS. In patients with ≥20% blasts, an additional tube is added to allow the detection of cytoplasmic markers necessary to diagnose mixed phenotype acute leukemia.
Manipulation of Behavioral Decline in Caenorhabditis elegans with the Rag GTPase raga-1

Normal aging leads to an inexorable decline in motor performance, contributing to medical morbidity and decreased quality of life. While much has been discovered about genetic determinants of lifespan, less is known about modifiers of age-related behavioral decline and whether new gene targets may be found which extend vigorous activity, with or without extending lifespan. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we have developed a model of declining neuromuscular function and conducted a screen for increased behavioral activity in aged animals. In this model, behavioral function suffers from profound reductions in locomotory frequency, but coordination is strikingly preserved until very old age. By screening for enhancers of locomotion at advanced ages we identified the ras-related Rag GTPase raga-1 as a novel modifier of behavioral aging. raga-1 loss of function mutants showed vigorous swimming late in life. Genetic manipulations revealed that a gain of function raga-1 curtailed behavioral vitality and shortened lifespan, while a dominant negative raga-1 lengthened lifespan. Dietary restriction results indicated that a raga-1 mutant is relatively protected from the life-shortening effects of highly concentrated food, while RNAi experiments suggested that raga-1 acts in the highly conserved target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway in C. elegans. Rag GTPases were recently shown to mediate nutrient-dependent activation of TOR. This is the first demonstration of their dramatic effects on behavior and aging. This work indicates that novel modulators of behavioral function can be identified in screens, with implications for future study of the clinical amelioration of age-related decline.
Utilization of Near IR Absorbing Gold Nanocolloids by Green Synthesis

The rapid developments in nanoscience, and its applications on biomedical areas have a large impact on drug delivery, tissue engineering, sensing, and diagnosis. Gold is widely investigated nanomaterial for the last couple of decades, since it has unique surface properties and very low toxicity to biological environment. In this work, we present a novel synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) exhibiting both visible and near-IR absorbance without agglomeration. The surface of GNPs were analyzed by routine methods and the binding kinetics were investigated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Spectroscopy. The unique optical properties of near-IR asorbing GNP colloids hold promise for biological applications.
PACA2m magnetron sputtering silver coating: a solution for very big mirror dimensions

Today high angular resolution telescopes for space observation satellites require primary mirrors with larger and larger dimensions. For such mirrors, high-performance silver coating is required and is a key part of the component. For more than 20 years, CILAS has developed an expertise in the field of thin film optical coatings in order to answer a wide range of spectral performances and produce high quality thin film coatings. Among the various coating technologies that may answer such demand, magnetron sputtering is particularly well-suited to produce dense layers with improved mechanical performances and a high level of uniformity.
Power control in distributed cooperative OFDMA cellular networks

This paper addresses downlink cooperation at a system level. Cooperation between base stations is an alternative to macrodiversity to provide QoS continuity in case of mobility. We propose a radio resource management strategy for the relay channel, made of relayed users identification, resource allocation and power control in an OFDMA-based system. Four scheduling methods are tested for power allocation in inter-cell interference environment: globally optimal, proportional fair, harmonic mean fair and max-min fair. Cooperation brings additional gain, both in terms of throughput and fairness, with all fair schedulers.
Extracurricular Activities And The Development Of Social Skills In Children With Intellectual And Learning Disabilities

Numerous skill deficits interfere with the social functioning of children with intellectual (ID) and learning disabilities (LD). Due to the limited effectiveness of social skill interventions for this population, it is necessary to explore additional opportunities for social skill acquisition. Research suggests that extracurricular activity participation positively influences adolescent development; however, little is known about the benefits of activity participation for children with ID and LD. This study investigated the impact of frequency and type of extracurricular activity on the social competence of 7-12 year old children with ID (n=42) and LD (n=53), in comparison to their typically developing peers (TD; n=24). More time involved in unstructured activities was related to higher ratings of social competence. Greater participation in unstructured extracurricular activities was particularly beneficial for children with ID. Future research on the quality of involvement is necessary to further understand what specific aspects of activities facilitate social development. INDEX WORDS: Social competence, Social development, Children with intellectual disability, Children with a learning disability, Extracurricular activities
Automatic Program Based Test Data Generation

To minimize the cost of the manual software testing and to increase the reliability of the testing processes, it is necessary to automate it. The automatic test data generator is an important component that automatically generates test data for a given program. The random testing can be outperformed by both concolic and search based testing. There are so many proofs to prove it. Instead of it, there is not so much work but very little to show the capability of either concolic testing or search based testing with entire real world software applications. An overview of automatic test data generation is given in this paper. The basic knowledge of concolic tool, CUTE, and a search based tool, AUSTIN is also being cover. The main aim of this paper is to get the basic concept of automated program based test data generation research. The syntax based and GUI-based data generation is not considered in this paper.
Metastatic bone disease: diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment.

Metastatic bone disease is a major health-care issue, affecting 4.9 million individuals in the United States. The cost of bone metastasis from cancer was estimated to be thirteen billion dollars per year in the United States in 20051, and the annual incident number of cancer cases in the United States is expected to double over the next fifty years2. With improved medical treatment of many cancers, patients are living longer, which places them at increased risk for the development of metastatic disease3,4. The skeleton is the third most common target of metastatic cancer and can be one of the earliest sites affected, especially in individuals with breast or prostate cancer. Ultimately, 60% to 84% of all cases of metastatic disease invade bone, and approximately 70% of patients with metastatic bone disease experience bone pain5. Patients with metastatic cancer involving bone are also at increased risk for fractures, spinal cord compression, hypercalcemia, and immobility resulting in substantial medical-associated morbidities. Current treatment options for patients with bone metastases are primarily palliative. These options consist of local therapies, systemic treatment, and analgesics. Unfortunately, osseous metastases are generally refractory to systemic therapy. Local irradiation may be sufficient, but surgical treatment is necessary for patients with a pathologic fracture and often necessary for patients with an impending pathologic fracture. Orthopaedic surgeons are often the practitioners to whom a person with musculoskeletal pain is initially referred. If plain radiographs identify a bone lesion in the symptomatic area, the orthopaedic surgeon is then faced with a dilemma of how to proceed. Plain radiographs yield more information about a bone tumor than any other diagnostic modality. Certain basic guidelines for interpretation of plain radiographs alert the clinician to pay particular attention to the anatomic site of the bone …
Fast optic disc segmentation in fundus images

The identification of the optic disc (OD) in fudus images is a useful landmark for a large number of ophthalmic diseases. The method proposed herein detects and segments the OD in a rather simple and fast manner, compared with those methods recently published. The procedure involves first: segment the blood vessel, then locate the OD using the highest intensity values found near the vessels. Finally, OD segmentation is performed using a modification of the elliptical Hough transform. The results are evaluated using five different metrics already used in the literature on the subject, and applied to a public database of 1200 fundus images, obtaining 89% in the Dice coefficient and 82% in Jaccard coefficient, and taking a processing time of 4.1 seconds per image. Compared with other published methodologies, the results presented with the current technique, improve speed performance while maintaining similar precision metrics.
Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Routing in Hypercube Multicomputers

A connected hypercube with faulty links and/or nodes is called an injured hypercube. A distributed adaptive fault-tolerant routing scheme is proposed for an injured hypercube in which each node is required to know only the condition of its own links. Despite its simplicity, this scheme is shown to be capable of routing messages successfully in an injured n-dimensional hypercube as long as the number of faulty components is less than n. Moreover, it is proved that this scheme routes messages via shortest paths with a rather high probability, and the expected length of a resulting path is very close so that of a shortest path. Since the assumption that the number of faulty components is less than n in an n-dimensional hypercube might limit the usefulness of the above scheme, a routing scheme based on depth-first search which works in the presence of an arbitrary number of faulty components is introduced. Due to the insufficient information on faulty components, however, the paths chosen by this scheme may not always be the shortest. To guarantee all messages to be routed via shortest paths, the authors propose to equip every node with more information than that on its own links. The effects of this additional information on routing efficiency are analyzed, and the additional information to be kept at each node for the shortest path routing is determined. Several examples and remarks are given to illustrate the results. >
Effects of charge doping and constrained magnetization on the electronic structure of an FeSe monolayer

The electronic structural properties in the presence of constrained magnetization and a charged background are studied for a monolayer of FeSe in non-magnetic, checkerboard- and striped-antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin configurations. First-principles techniques based on the pseudopotential density functional approach and the local spin density approximation are utilized. Our findings show that the experimentally observed shape of the Fermi surface is best described by the checkerboard AFM spin pattern. To explore the underlying pairing mechanism, we study the evolution of the non-magnetic to the AFM-ordered structure under constrained magnetization. We estimate the strength of electronic coupling to magnetic excitations involving an increase in local moment and, separately, a partial moment transfer from one Fe atom to another. We also show that the charge doping in the FeSe can lead to an increase in the density of states at the Fermi level.
A Closer Look at Children's Information Retrieval Usage

Access to information suitable and understandable for children is key to their development. Regrettably, current state-of-the-art Information Retrieval (IR) is mainly made with adults in mind, resulting in IR systems that do not suit children well: they require complicated queries and often retrieve inapprioriate results in a format unsuitable for children. To confirm this, this paper presents four groups of salient problems children have with IR. To explain these problems, a comprehensive review of children's use of IR systems is given, defining relevant aspects of the user, system, interaction, and context, and relating these to the search performance of children. Based on this framework, an integrative perspective on relevance is proposed, specificially geared at children's needs. It is proposed that complexity, interestingness, and affective value are key relevance criteria for children, and should be incorporated in an information system for children, if to arrive at an optimal search result and experience.
Efficient remote sensing image classification with Gaussian processes and Fourier features

This paper presents an efficient methodology for approximating kernel functions in Gaussian process classification (GPC). Two models are introduced. We first include the standard random Fourier features (RFF) approximation into GPC, which largely improves the computational efficiency and permits large scale remote sensing data classification. In addition, we develop a novel approach which avoids randomly sampling a number of Fourier frequencies, and alternatively learns the optimal ones using a variational Bayes approach. The performance of the proposed methods is illustrated in complex problems of cloud detection from multispectral imagery.
Comparison of fouling between aerobic and anaerobic MBR treating municipal wastewater

The key driver for anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment is enabling the transition to energy neutral wastewater treatment. However, municipal wastewater delivers a comparatively constrained methane yield, which means energy conservation must be prioritised to achieve the proposed energy neutral ambition. A critical focus on membrane fouling is therefore warranted, as membrane operation represents the primary energy demand in MBRs. This review seeks to quantify the characteristics of the prevailing AnMBR biological suspension and to ascertain whether knowledge transfer exists between fouling characteristics in aerobic and anaerobic MBRs for municipal applications. Analysis of literature data revealed that the level of extractable extracellular polymeric substrate is slightly higher in aerobic MBRs than in anaerobic MBRs. However, AnMBR comprises considerably higher soluble microbial product concentrations, which have been widely reported to increase fouling propensity in aerobic systems. More distinct is the difference in the colloidal and fine solids fraction (between 1 and 10–15 μm), which is likely to dominate fouling in anaerobic systems and limit knowledge transfer from aerobic MBRs. Literature data on energy production was compared to that employed for membrane operation, and evidences that despite the challenging character of the particle matrix, energy neutral operation is achievable for AnMBR applied to municipal wastewater treatment.
Reducing overheads for acquiring dynamic memory traces

Tools for acquiring dynamic memory address information for large scale applications are important for performance modeling, optimization, and for trace-driven simulation. However, straightforward use of binary instrumentation tools for such a fine-grained task as address tracing can cause astonishing slowdown in application run time. For example, in a large scale FY05 collaboration with the Department of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Office (HPCMO), over 1 million processor hours were expended in order to gather address information on 7 parallel applications. In this paper, we discuss in detail the issues surrounding the performance of memory address acquisition using low-level binary instrumentation tracing. We present three techniques and optimizations to improve performance: 1) SimPoint-guided sampling, 2) instrumentation tool routine optimization, and 3) reduction of instrumentation points through static application analysis. The use of these three techniques together reduces instrumented application slowdown by an order of magnitude. The techniques are generally applicable and have been deployed in the MetaSim tracer thereby enabling memory address acquisition for real-sized applications. We expect the optimizations reported here reduce the HPCMO effort by approximately 80% in FY06.