Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of therapeutic agents on cellular respiration as an indication of metabolic activity

Animal experiments are indispensable in the investigation of the toxicity of drugs on cells, but may not be preferred for ethical reasons and sensitivity. As an alternative procedure, we investigated the susceptibility of cells to drugs using the effect on cellular respiration as an indicator of cell activity (toxicity). The primary cultures (cell lines) used in this study included human fetal myocardial cells, skeletal muscle cells, nerve cells, hypophyseal cells, epithelial cells of gastric mucosa, lymphocytes, hepatocytes, pancreatic (exocrine) cells, renal tubular epithelial cells and fetal adrenal cortex cells, which were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). The drugs used were diazepam, haloperidol and levomepromazine maleate (psychoactive drugs), cisplatin and doxorubicin hydrochloride (anticancer agents). The cells were used at a density of 2–106 cells/2 mL of growth medium and, to test the susceptibility, each drug was prepared at a concentration of 10 g/mL. Experiment results indicated that, even with the same drug, sensitivity was markedly different depending on the cell lines. Cardiac muscle cells showed the strongest respiratory inhibition by Serenace and were least inhibited by Hirnamin. The highest sensitivity to Cercine was noted for neurons, while gastric mucosa cells had almost no sensitivity. Sensitivity to Serenace, which was expected to have a strong nerve action, was higher in myocardial cells instead. In the present study, we suggested the possibility of studying individual differences in drug sensitivity through investigation of toxicity in each organ as opposed to toxicity in the individual. In addition, Serenace, which was developed as a neurotopic agent, showed a higher toxicity in cardiac muscle cells than in neurons. This finding appeared noteworthy, not only for forensic toxicology, but also for clinical practice and drug development.
A Method for Computer-Aided Analysis of Differential Mode Input Filters

A new method for computer-aided analysis of differential mode input filters is presented in this paper, aiming to compute in an efficient manner input current spectra of switching converters in a wide frequency range. The method is intended to facilitate computer-aided design of input filters, and it is based on simulation of accompanying averaged circuit and superimposing the switching ripple to the averaged waveforms. A method to derive a continuous-time averaged circuit model is described. To obtain the model, the converter is partitioned into a circuit part, characterized by equations common for describing electric circuits, and a modulator part, which generates duty ratio functions. Three modulation methods are described, and superposition of associated switching ripple is formalized for each of them. The method is illustrated in simulation of two converters on the design of their input filters.
Effect of mechanical treatment on properties of cellulose nanofibrils produced from bleached hardwood and softwood pulps

Bleached hardwood and softwood South African kraft pulps were passed through a commercially available micro grinder for varying number of passes and the properties of the resultant pulps were assessed periodically using microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray crystallography (XRD) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The ultrastructural analysis of the pulp fibres revealed that after 120 passes both hardwood and softwood bleached fibres showed the presence of cellulose nanofibres (CNFs). The FTIR analysis showed no modification to the cellulose structure and side groups upon treatment with the supermasscolloider (SMC). Both hardwood and softwood pulp fibres showed a decline in crystallinity after SMC treatment. For the hardwood pulps there were no major differences between the untreated pulps and those passed through the SMC. In the case of the softwood pulps, the SMC treatment resulted in more thermally stable CNFs compared with the untreated bleached pulps. This was observed at several levels of treatment (40, 120 and 200 passes). After 200 passes both the hardwood and softwood kraft pulp fibres produced CNFs with an average width of 11 nm and lengths with several micrometers.
Nonlinearities and Inactivity in Aggregate Investment: Some Theoretical Analysis and Time-Series Evidence

The theoretical analysis of investment under uncertainty has been revolutionized over the last decade by the importation of ideas from finance. If investment is irreversible, there is a return to waiting. So although circumstances may suggest that it is profitable to invest, there may also be an incentive to postpone the decision until better opportunities arise. Identifying and valuing the option to invest has become the standard way to solve the firm's irreversible-investment problem. Empirical studies of investment that incorporate the insights of the real-options approach are now beginning to appear. These show that investment can have a nonlinear relationship to q and may show insensitivity for some threshold level to the shadow value of investment (Barnett and Sakellaris 1998). Abel and Eberly (1997) and Böhm and Funke (1999) have also shown how the real-options approach to investment can be combined with the traditional q approach. In this case the relationship between q and the rate of investment is discontinuous. Over a range of inaction there will be no investment, although q is in excess of one.This paper builds a theoretical model that explains the determinants of this investment discontinuity. In contrast to much of the literature, we use a mean-reverting stochastic process, of which the geometric Brownian motion process is a special case. Under the assumption of a production function with constant returns to scale and a specific functional form for the investment adjustment function, it is possible to derive a tractable analytical form for the shadow value of the investment project. We then analyze the comparative properties of the value of q under different assumptions about the stochastic process governing output. The advantage of using a mean-reverting process is that it better captures the undoubted persistence in the shocks that face firms, especially at the macroeconomic level.We then consider what the implications would be for the aggregate relationship between investment, q, and the business cycle. We first carry out Monte Carlo simulations of a discrete version of the theoretical model. We find that for many parameter values, aggregating suppresses any nonlinearities in the micro adjustment processes. Moreover, where we do detect nonlinearity at the aggregate level, it varies with the type of stochastic process. It is greatest when this is a random walkcorresponding to the Brownian motion in continuous timeand least when the stochastic process follows an i.i. d. process. Mean reversion lies in between. We turn finally to an empirical examination using aggregate data and explore how sensitive investment is to q in different regimes. To do this, we apply a generalization of the Granger-Lee method (Arden et al. 2000) that uses a linear spline function to approximate different regions for investment.
Leveraging Your CMM Efforts for IEEE/EIA 12207

Many companies use the Capability Maturity Model for software to improve the processes used by their development teams. The processes put into place to ascend this maturity ladder will serve them well as they become compliant with the new IEEE/EIA 12207 standard. The article addresses the relationship between this new standard and the CMM for software.
Peroxidase-CoupledMethodfor KineticColorimetryof TotalCreatineKinase Activityin Serum

We describe a peroxidase-coupled method involving a colonmetric indicator reaction for determining the total activity of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) in serum. The kinetically favorable reverse reaction is exploited to generate adenosine 5’triphosphate, which is used in the glycerol kinase-catalyzed phosphorylation of glycerol. The glycerol 3-phosphate so generated is oxidized in the presence of a-glycerophosphate oxidase to produce hydrogen peroxide, which is reduced in the presence of peroxidase with the simultaneous oxidation and coupling of 4-aminoantipyrene and 2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonate to produce an intensely colored red chromogen. Results of the proposed method (y) correlate well with those of the Boehringer-Mannheim “CK-NAC UV” method as applied to the Hitachi 705 chemistry analyzer (y = 1.025x18.1, r= 0.9985, n = 100, range = 19-4531 U/L). The sensitivity of the method, based on molar absorptivities, is nearly fourfold that of procedures involving the reduction of NADP.
Tension de seuil réduite pour composants de puissance à grille: Intérêts et conséquences.

Les composants de puissance a grille ont generalement des tensions de seuil proches de 3 a 4V et des tensions de grille nominales entre 15 et 20V. Ces caracteristiques electriques unanimement reconnues et utilisees sont revisitees dans le cadre d'une collaboration G2ELab-LAAS pour evaluer quels pourraient etre les gains et consequences d'une reduction de la tension de seuil des composants de puissance. Les transistors MOS a niveau de commande logique existent mais cet article propose d'etudier de maniere theorique l'evolution des caracteristiques electriques et physique de composants a grille en fonction de la tension de seuil pour voir si les valeurs habituelles, evidentes et appropriees a une epoque d'un standard de micro-electronique sont toujours appropriees aux evolutions actuelles de l'electronique de puissance.
The Role of LORELEI in Pollen Tube Reception at the Interface of the 1 Synergid Cell and Pollen Tube Requires the Modified Eight-Cysteine Motif 2 and the Receptor-Like Kinase FERONIA 3 4 5 6

The Role of LORELEI in Pollen Tube Reception at the Interface of the 1 Synergid Cell and Pollen Tube Requires the Modified Eight-Cysteine Motif 2 and the Receptor-Like Kinase FERONIA 3 4 5 6 Xunliang Liu, Claudia Castro, Yanbing Wang, Jennifer Noble, Nathaniel 7 Ponvert, Mark Bundy, Chelsea Hoel, Elena Shpak, and Ravishankar 8 Palanivelu* 9 10 11 School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 12 Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of 13 Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 14 15 16 *Correspondence: 17 rpalaniv@email.arizona. edu; 520-626-2229 (phone); 520-621-7186 (fax) 18 19 Running Title: Structure-Function analysis of LORELEI 20 21 SYNOPSIS: Structure-function analysis revealed domains in LORELEI critical for 22 its role in pollen tube reception at the synergid surface, which it performs in 23 conjunction with the receptor-like kinase FERONIA. 24 25 Plant Cell Advance Publication. Published on April 14, 2016, doi:10.1105/tpc.15. 00703
When Subordinates Think of their Ideals: Power, Legitimacy and Regulatory Focus

Power influences the way people set and pursue their goals. Recent Studies have shown that powerful people, when compared with powerless individuals, have greater accessibility of their promotion goals (for instance, their ideals, their aspirations, etc.). In the current research we aim to explore the moderating role of power's legitimacy in such effect. In Study 1, after manipulating power and legitimacy, the accessibility of ideals was measured. Results showed that in the legitimate condition, the powerful, compared to the powerless people, showed greater accessibility of their ideals. However, in the illegitimate condition the opposite was true. In Study 2, the accessibility of a different type of goal: oughts, was explored. Results showed that the illegitimate powerholders, when compared with legitimate ones, had their oughts more accessible. The importance of these results is discussed in line with recent theorizing within social psychology of power. El poder afecta la manera en que las personas se plantean sus metas y objetivos. Estudios recientes han demostrado que los poderosos, en comparación con los no poderosos, suelen tener una mayor accesibilidad cognitiva de sus ideales y aspiraciones. En este artículo se indaga en el papel moderador de la legitimidad sobre estos resultados. En el Estudio 1, después de manipular el poder y su legitimidad, se midió la accesibilidad que los participantes tenían de sus ideales. Mientras que en la condición legítima los poderosos (en comparación con los no poderosos) se mostraron focalizados en los ideales, en la ilegítima se encontró el efecto contario. En el Estudio 2 se exploró la accesibilidad de un tipo de meta distinta, los deberes. Los resultados mostraron que los poderosos ilegítimos se focalizaron en mayor medida que los poderosos legítimos en sus deberes. En la discusión se analiza la importancia de estos resultados en el ámbito de la psicología social del poder.
THE ANALYTIC APPROACH APPLICATIONS IN GREEN SUPPLIER SELECTION : A LITERATURE REVIEW

In recent years, green factors which are concentrated on environment awareness and sustainable development of enterprises have been being become vital criteria of selecting a supplier. This paper reviews the literature of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) applications in green supplier selection by analysing 36 related papers which were published in the high prestige journals from 2002 to 2014. Those papers are compiled and categorized according to business areas; namely, energies, materials, consumer discretionary, consumer staples, and so forth. The aims of this investigation are to focus on the facilitation of AHP/ANP in terms of green supplier selection process and its application in business fields as well as the successful factors of its implementation. In addition, the review is implemented to facilitate researchers and practitioners in embracing the analytic approach applications in green supplier selection.
The effect of variations in heart rate and regional distribution of blood flow on the normal pressor response to diving in ducks

1. During a 2 min period of submersion of normal ducks, sciatic artery blood flow fell to 10 ± 1·5% control and carotid artery blood flow was reduced to 71 ± 7% control. Mean arterial blood pressure ( M.A.P.), however, was maintained at 83 ± 3·5% of control. The whole animal showed a constrictor response during submersion, with the sciatic vascular bed showing average constriction. Both resistance to flow and yield pressure increased in the sciatic bed but changed little in the carotid bed. After 1 min submersion Pa,O2 was 52 ± 1 mm Hg.
An Empirical Test of Language-Relevant Interventions for Dementia

The focus of this report is the treatment of persons with dementia who are of a non-English-speaking background (NESB). Noisemaking is one behavioral manifestation associated with severe dementia. It can have devastating effects on persons with dementia by limiting their access to activity programs and social interaction, and is also very distressing for professionals and family carers. It can be especially difficult for carers when they do not speak the first (non-English) language of the person with the noisemaking problem, when the person has lost his or her ability to speak English as the dementia progresses. Behavioral interventions have been found to be successful in decreasing the occurrence of noisemaking in some people with severe dementia. This article reports on a study of an elderly Italian woman with dementia. The study used a randomized, alternating-treatments design in order to determine whether an Italian-language intervention would be more effective in reducing her noisemaking than the same intervention given in English. The main result of the study was that the Italian intervention was found to be significantly more effective in reducing noisemaking than the English intervention. Therefore, this exploratory study provides empirical evidence for the increased effectiveness of an intervention program in the patient's original language. The study also demonstrates the need for individualized intervention programs, particularly for NESB patients living in predominantly English-speaking institutions.
Heat Flux and Storage in Hot Environments

When humans are exposed to extreme ambient temperatures, or generate internal heat by exercise, the body strives to maintain internal body temperature. The core and skin temperatures attained, as well as the physiological adjustments necessary to minimize temperature excursions, are governed by (i) heat generated by working muscle, (ii) external work performed, and (iii) biophysical heat exchange with the thermal environment. This paper provides an overview of these avenues of heat production and exchange, the aspects of the thermal environment which dictate the direction and magnitude of that exchange, and the mean body temperature response from a simplified biophysical perspective.
Procedure for preparing peptide-major histocompatibility complex tetramers for direct quantification of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

AIM To establish a simplified method for generating peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I tetramers. METHODS cDNAs encoding the extracellular domain of human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 heavy chain (A2) and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) from total RNA extracted from leukocytes of HLA-A2(+) donors were cloned into separate expression vectors by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The recombinant A2 and beta(2)m proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) and recovered from the inclusion body fraction. Soluble A2 proteins loaded with specific antigen peptides were refolded by dilution from the heavy chain in the presence of light chain beta(2)m and HLA-A2-restricted peptide antigens. The refolded A2 monomers were biotinylated with a commercial biotinylation enzyme (BirA) and purified by low pressure anion exchange chromatography on a Q-Sepharose (fast flow) column. The tetramers were then formed by mixing A2 monomers with streptavidin-PE in a molar ratio of 4:1. Flow cytometry was used to confirm the expected tetramer staining of CD8(+) T cells. RESULTS Recombinant genes for HLA-A*0201 heavy chain (A2) fused to a BirA substrate peptide (A2-BSP) and mature beta(2)m from HLA-A2(+) donor leukocytes were successfully cloned and highly expressed in E. coli. Two soluble monomeric A2-peptide complexes were reconstituted from A2-BSP in the presence of beta(2)m and peptides loaded with either human cytomegalovirus pp65(495-503) peptide (NLVPMVATV, NLV; designated as A2-NLV) or influenza virus matrix protein Mp58-66 peptide (GILGFVFTL, GIL; designated as A2-GIL). Refolded A2-NLV or A2-GIL monomers were biotinylated and highly purified by single step anion exchange column chromatography. The tetramers were then formed by mixing the biotinylated A2-NLV or A2-GIL monomers with streptavidin-PE, leading to more than 80% multiplication as revealed by SDS-PAGE under non-reducing, unboiled conditions. Flow cytometry revealed that these tetramers could specifically bind to CD8(+) T cells from a HLA-A2(+) donor, but failed to bind to those from a HLA-A2- donor. CONCLUSION The procedure is simple and efficient for generating peptide-MHC tetramers.
Monoclonal Antibody In Vivo Chemokine Receptor-3: Blockade Using a Pig Eosinophil Eotaxin Receptor, C-C Cloning and Characterization of the Guinea

Certain C-C chemokines, signaling via the eotaxin receptor C-C chemokine receptor-3 (CCR3), are thought to be central medi-ators of eosinophil accumulation in allergic inﬂammation. To investigate the role of CCR3 in vivo, we cloned the guinea pig eotaxin receptor (guinea pig CCR3) from a genomic DNA library. We isolated a single-exon open reading frame coding for a 358-amino acid chemokine receptor protein with 67 and 69% homology to human and murine CCR3, respectively. When expressed in stable transfectants, this receptor bound 125 I-labeled guinea pig eotaxin, 125 I-labeled human monocyte chemotactic protein-3, and 125 I-labeled human RANTES. In chemotaxis assays, guinea pig CCR3 transfectants responded only to guinea pig eotaxin, with a maximal effect at 100 nM. mAbs were raised that bound selectively to both guinea pig CCR3 transfectants and guinea pig eosinophils. One of these mAbs, 2A8, blocked both ligand binding to transfectants and their chemotaxis in response to eotaxin. The Ab also inhibited chemotaxis and the elevation of cytosolic calcium in guinea pig eosinophils in response to eotaxin. F(ab * ) 2 fragments of 2A8 were prepared that retained the ability to inhibit eosinophil calcium responses to eotaxin. Pretreatment of 111 In-labeled eosinophils in vitro with F(ab * ) 2 2A8 selectively inhibited their accumulation in response to eotaxin in vivo. These data demonstrate that functional blockade of eosinophil chemokine receptors can be achieved in vivo and
Processing mobility traces for activity recognition in smart cities

Human mobility modelling has emerged as an important research area over the past years. The opportunities that mobility modelling offers are widespread. From smart transportation services to reliable recommendations systems, all require generation of mobility models. Since mobility of humans is generally motivated by the activities they perform, activity recognition emerges as a vital initial step towards building better and accurate mobility models. The activity recognition can be carried out by analyzing relevant data from GPS devices, accelerometers and many other sensing sources. The most common approach is to combine data from different sources, analyze that data and recognize the type of activity being performed. However, this requires access to many specialized devices and customized infrastructures. As an alternate, this paper introduces a novel approach to recognize activities from the GPS traces only. This approach utilizes Adaptive-Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) which combines the power of neural networks and fuzzy logic to recognize activities. The approach is tested on three different datasets and shows promising results. In addition to this a multi-cloud architecture is proposed, for the deployment of such a system.
Using Topic Ontologies and Semantic Similarity Data to Evaluate Topical Search

Improvement in information retrieval systems is largely dependent on the ability to evaluate them. In order to assess the effectiveness of a retrieval sys-tem, test collections are needed. In traditional approaches users or hired evaluators provide manual assessments of relevance. However this does not scale with the complexity and heterogeneity of available digital information. This paper proposes to use topic ontologies and semantic similarity data to alleviate the efforts needed by human assessors to evaluate the rapidly expanding set of competing information retrieval methods. After providing experimental evidence supporting the validity of our approach we illustrate its application with an example in which the proposed evaluation procedure is used to assess the effectiveness of topical retrieval systems.
Identification and Characterization of a Heparin Binding Site within the NC I Domain of Chicken Collagen XlV

Collagen XIV is known to bind to the dermatan sulfate chain of decorin and to the heparan sulfate chain of perlecan. To study its possible interaction with glycosaminoglycans, the NC1 domain of chicken collagen XIV was overproduced in E. coll. Purified NCI* (6-119)* appears poorly organized (the asterisks indicate the presence of extension sequences), but V8-protease generated fragments containing the 84-108 basic sequence tend to fold into (x-helix. These fragments interact specifically with heparin, which induces an s-helical fold with a maximum effect for equimolar heparin/peptide ratio. These data demonstrate the existence of a glycosaminoglycan binding site in NC1.