Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent System for Detecting Failures in the Switching of Isolators in Power Substations

The purpose of this paper is to present the development of a system capable of detecting incipient malfunction and also verify the correct operation of opening and closing of high voltage switches thru digital analysis of the torque curve supplied by the drive engine during the maneuvers of the switch, surpassing the difficulties involved with the direct monitoring of the contacts. This system will be based on the use of dedicated devices to the digital signals processing (DSP's) associated to the algorithms of artificial neural networks, for pattern recognitions of recurrent malfunction during the maneuvers of the high voltage switches. The signals to be processed by the DSP will be the values of the torque of the drive engine, calculated by the immediate values of the electric power supplied. The real-time analysis of the curve of the torque supplied by the engine during the operations of opening and closing will make possible for an indirect monitoring of the position of the main contacts of the high power switch, increasing the trustworthiness of the electrical system's operation. The information supplied by the detection system of malfunction will allow a more efficient preventive maintenance of the switches, based on the indication of misaligned or broken components in the mechanical system of power switch.
Women's Perceptions of CenteringPregnancy: A Focus Group Study

Objectives CenteringPregnancy, a model of group prenatal care, provides healthcare assessment, education, and support to women. The current study was designed to determine women's perceptions of the CenteringPregnancy program. Methods Twenty-one women participating in CenteringPregnancy, as part of a larger study, shared their thoughts related to the strengths and weaknesses of their healthcare, thoughts on improvement, and how the care impacted their health and health behaviors. A thematic and iterative analysis process, assisted by Ethnograph 6.0, allowed for the emersion of important themes that were validated in a member check process. Results The focus group participants provided rich insights into their prenatal experiences in CenteringPregnancy. Four substantive themes emerged from the data: It's about respect, Knowledge is Power, I'm a better mother, and Supporting each other. Conclusions CenteringPregnancy was well-received by urban, low-income women during their pregnancy and may have value with select populations. Themes, exemplar quotes, and participant observations may assist others interested in implementing the CenteringPregnancy model of care.
Binge Drinking and Perceived Neighborhood Characteristics Among Mexican Americans Residing on the U.S.-Mexico Border.

BACKGROUND This study examines the association between perceived neighborhood violence, perceived neighborhood collective efficacy, and binge drinking among Mexican Americans residing on the U.S.-Mexico border. METHODS Data were collected from a multistage cluster sample of adult Mexican Americans residing in the U.S.-Mexico border areas of California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas (N = 1,307). The survey weighted response rate was 67%. Face-to-face interviews lasting approximately 1 hour were conducted in respondents' homes in English or Spanish. Path analysis was used to test whether collective efficacy mediated the impact of perceived neighborhood violence on binge drinking. RESULTS Among 30+-year-old women, perceived neighborhood collective efficacy mediated the effects of perceived neighborhood violence on binge drinking in a theoretically predicted way: Lower perceptions of violence predicted an increased perception of collective efficacy, which in turn, predicted less binge drinking. Direct effects of violence perceptions on binge were nonsignificant. Younger 18- to 29-year-old women showed a similar (but nonsignificant) pattern of effects. Perceived collective efficacy also mediated the effects of perceived violence on binge drinking among men, but in opposite ways for older and younger men. Older men showed the same mediating effect as older women, but the effect reversed among younger men due to a strong, positive relation between collective efficacy and binge drinking. There were also age differences in the direct effect of violence perceptions on binge drinking: Perceptions of violence predicted more binge drinking among young men, but less among older men. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the complexity of people's responses to neighborhood characteristics in regard to their drinking. Young men in particular seem to react very differently to perceptions of collective efficacy than other groups. However, among both men and women, collective efficacy may come to play an increasingly important protective role in health outcomes with age.
Effects of the weight management program based self-efficacy for body composition, blood lipid profile, weight self-efficacy lifestyles, depression in middle-aged obese women.

PURPOSE This study was done to determine the effects of weight management program using self-efficacy in middle-aged obese women. The study also attempted to measure the effects of the program on the weight efficacy lifestyle, body composition, and depression. METHOD The research design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group consisted of 21 middle-aged obese women and another 21 middle-aged obese women in the control group. The women in the experimental group participated in the weight management program for 12 weeks using self-efficacy. The weight management program using self-efficacy included education on effects of exercise for weight control, aerobic exercise program, muscle training and counseling through the telephone. RESULTS After 12 weeks of participation in the program, BMI (p<.0001), body fat % (p<.0001), abdominal fat (p<.0001), in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Weight self-efficacy lifestyle (p<.0001) and depression (p=.006) in the experimental group were significantly improved after the program compared to the control group. According to these findings, weight management program self-efficacy for middle-aged obese women could increase weight efficacy lifestyle, and decrease depression, BMI, body fat, and abdominal fat. CONCLUSION The result also suggested that the increasing weight efficacy and lifestyle help the obese women to perform and continue exercise. This program could be used in the community such as public health center for weight care and mental health promotion of middle-aged obese women.
Prospective Study of Diabetes and Risk of Hip Fracture

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to determine whether women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes are at higher risk of hip fractures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 109,983 women aged 34–59 years in 1980 were followed through 2002 for the occurrence of hip fracture. At baseline and through biennial follow-up, women were asked about their history and treatment of diabetes and other potential risk factors for hip fracture. RESULTS—During 2.22 million person-years of follow-up, 1,398 women had a hip fracture. Compared with women without diabetes, the age-adjusted relative risk (RRs) of hip fracture was 7.1 (95% CI 4.4–11.4) for women with type 1 diabetes and 1.7 (1.4–2.0) for those with type 2 diabetes. After further adjustment for BMI, smoking, physical activity, menopausal status, daily intake of calcium, vitamin D, protein, and postmenopausal hormone use, the multivariate RR of incident hip fracture in individuals with type 1 diabetes compared with individuals without diabetes was 6.4 (3.9–10.3) and with type 2 diabetes was 2.2 (1.8–2.7). The RRs increased with longer duration of type 2 diabetes (3.1 [2.3–4.0] for ≥12 years compared with no diabetes, P for trend < 0.001) and ever use of insulin. CONCLUSIONS—These data indicate that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with an increased risk of hip fracture. The results of this study highlight the need for fracture-prevention strategies in women with diabetes.
Approximate Knowledge Compilation: The First Order Case

Knowledge compilation procedures make a knowledge base more explicit so as make inference with respect to the compiled knowledge base tractable or at least more efficient. Most work to date in this area has been restricted to the propositional case, despite the importance of first order theories for expressing knowledge concisely. Focusing on (LUB) approximate compilation (Selman and Kautz 1991), our contribution is twofold: • We present a new ground algorithm for approximate compilation which can produce exponential savings with respect to the previously known algorithm (Selman and Kautz 1991). • We show that both ground algorithms can be lifted to the first order case preserving their correctness for approximate compilation.
Die immunregulatorischen Trigger-Rezeptoren auf myeloiden Zellen (TREM) beim Haushuhn

Einige auf myeloiden und lymphoiden Zellen bei Mensch und Maus identifizierte Rezeptorfamilien weisen sowohl aktivierende als auch inhibitorische Rezeptoren auf, die wichtige Funktionen bei der Regulation des Immunsystems haben. Die Triggering Receptors Expressed on Myeloid Cells (TREMs) stellen eine dieser immunregulatorischen Rezeptorfamilien dar und wurden beim Sauger bereits genauer untersucht. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurden die Mitglieder der TREMs beim Huhn eingehend charakterisiert. Der potentiell aktivierende TREM-A1 besas eine extrazytoplasmatische Ig-Domane und einen kurzen zytoplasmatischen Abschnitt, im transmembranen Bereich aber Lysin, als eine positiv geladene AS, die mit einem ITAM-haltigen Adaptormolekul assoziieren konnte. TREM-A1 hatte ein MR von etwa 25 kDa. Die mRNA fur das membranstandige TREM-A1 wurde vor allem in Makrophagen detektiert, aber auch in Gehirn, Knochenmark, Milz, Bursa und Thymus. Auf Proteinebene konnte die Expression durch einen neu hergestellten, spezifischen monoklonalen Antikorper auf Monozyten und Makrophagen, aber auch auf etwa 50% der B-Zellen und einer Subpopulation der T-Zellen nachgewiesen werden. Die mRNA der Ig-Domane von TREM-A1 war in Thrombozyten viel hoher exprimiert als die mRNA fur den membranstandigen Rezeptor, was einen Hinweis auf die Existenz einer loslichen Splice-Variante von TREM-A1 in diesen Zellen liefert. Mit Hilfe von Reportergenassays und loslichen Rezeptorkonstrukten konnte gezeigt werden, dass der Ligand von TREM-A1 auf stimulierten Milzleukozyten exprimiert wird, nicht jedoch auf stimulierten oder unstimulierten anderen Leukozyten. TREM-A1 wies in AS-Sequenz und Gewebeverteilung hohe Ahnlichkeit zu TREM-2 beim Sauger auf. Der inhibitorische TREM-B1 besas zwei Ig-Domanen und einen langen zytoplasmatischen Bereich mit zwei ITIMs. TREM-B1 hatte ein MR von etwa 47 kDa und wurde mit Hilfe der qPCR vor allem auf Thrombozyten detektiert. Die ITIMs im zytoplasmatischen Anteil wurden nach Pervanadatbehandlung phosphoriliert und rekrutierten die Protein-Tyrosin-Phosphatasen SHP-1 und SHP-2. Der Ligand von TREM-B1 wurde auf mit PMA/CaIonophor stimulierten Milzleukozyten exprimiert, nicht jedoch auf mit ConA stimulierten Milzleukozyten oder auf stimulierten bzw. unstimulierten Leukozyten anderer Organe. TREM-B1 wies in AS-Sequenz und Gewebeverteilung hohe Ahnlichkeit zu TLT-1 beim Sauger auf. Vom inhibitorischen TREM-B2 existierten drei Varianten, die aber alle einen langen zytoplasmatischen Bereich mit zwei ITIMs besitzen. TREM-B2v1 besas zwei extrazytoplasmatische Ig-Domanen, TREM-B2v2 nur eine, wobei die membran-proximale Ig-Domane von TREM-B2v1 fehlte. TREM-B2v3 hatte die beiden Ig-Domanen von TREM-B2v1 doppelt. Die mRNA aller drei Varianten wurde vor allem in PBMC und Makrophagen exprimiert, etwas weniger hoch in Knochenmark, PBL, Milz und Caecaltonsillen.
Effect of Reconstruction Algorithms on Myocardial Blood Flow Measurement with 13N-Ammonia PET

Filtered backprojection (FBP) is the traditional method for 13N-NH3 PET studies. Ordered-subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) is popular for PET studies because of better noise properties. Scant data exist on the effect of reconstruction algorithms on quantitative myocardial blood flow (MBF) estimation. Methods: Twenty patients underwent dynamic acquisition rest/stress 13N-NH3 studies. In Part 1, 19 rest/stress image pairs were reconstructed by FBP (10-mm Hanning filter) and by OSEM with 28 subsets and 2 (OSEM2), 6 (OSEM6), or 8 iterations (OSEM8), and a 10-mm postreconstruction smoothing gaussian filter. In Part 2, 9 image pairs were reconstructed by FBP (10-mm Hanning filter) and by OSEM with 28 subsets, 8 iterations, and a gaussian 5-, 10-, or 15-mm postreconstruction smoothing filter. Average MBF (mL/min/mL of myocardium) was calculated using a 3-compartment model. Results: Part 1: For rest MBF, the correlations between FBP and each of the OSEM algorithms were r2 = 0.71, 0.73, and 0.77, respectively. MBF by OSEM6 (0.98 ± 0.48 [mean ± SD]) and OSEM8 (0.96 ± 0.46) was not significantly different from FBP (1.02 ± 0.39), but OSEM2 (0.80 ± 0.37) was significantly lower (P < 0.0003). With stress, the correlations were high between FBP and OSEM6 and OSEM8 (r2 = 0.85 and 0.90), and MBF by OSEM6 and OSEM8 was not significantly different from FBP. Part 2: Resting MBF correlated well between FBP and all OSEM smoothing filters (r2 = 0.82, 0.85, and 0.88). Rest MBF using postsmoothing 5- or 10-mm filters was not different from FBP but was significantly lower with the 15-mm filter (P < 0.05). With stress, the correlations were good between FBP and OSEM regardless of smoothing (r2 = 0.76, 0.77, and 0.79). However, MBF with postsmoothing 10- and 15-mm filters was significantly lower than by FBP (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Reconstruction algorithms significantly affect the estimation of quantitative blood flow data and should not be assumed to be interchangeable. Although aggressive smoothing may produce visually appealing images with reduced noise levels, it may cause an underestimation of absolute quantitative MBF. In selecting a reconstruction algorithm, an optimal balance between noise properties and diagnostic accuracy must be emphasized.
Isolation and Expression of FIP-2 in Wounded Pulp of the Rat

Pulpal wound healing followed by cavity preparation may involve reactionary or reparative dentinogenesis in relation to the cavity position; however, little is known about the molecular responses. We aimed to isolate and analyze genes induced or suppressed in the wounded pulp to identify molecular processes involved in the pulp responses to injury. Twenty-three cDNAs were isolated by cDNA subtraction between healthy and wounded pulp of rats. By library screening, we identified rat 14.7K-interacting protein (rFIP)-2A and B genes homologous to human FIP-2, being involved in regulating membrane trafficking and cellular morphogenesis. RT-PCR analysis showed induction for only rFIP-2B in the wounded pulp. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that both rFIP-2s were expressed strongly in condensing mesenchymal cells of the palatal process and surrounding Meckel’s cartilage, but not in intramembranous chondrogenic cells. Thus, up-regulated rFIP-2B expression may play a role in regulating membrane trafficking or cellular morphogenesis of these embryonic and wounded pulpal cells.
Genetic Deletion of p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase 2 Alters Patterns of 5-Hydroxytryptamine2A Serotonin Receptor Functional Selectivity

The concept of functional selectivity has now thoroughly supplanted the previously entrenched notion of intrinsic efficacy by explaining how agonists and antagonists exhibit a range of efficacies for distinct receptor-mediated responses. It is noteworthy that functional selectivity accommodates significant changes in efficacy resulting from differential expression of G protein-coupled receptor modifying proteins (i.e., “conditional efficacy”)—a phenomenon with profound implications for drug discovery. We have uncovered a novel regulatory mechanism whereby p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) interacts with 5-hydroxytryptamine2A (5-HT2A) serotonin receptors and attenuates receptor signaling via direct receptor phosphorylation (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:4717–4722, 2006; J Biol Chem 284:5557–5573, 2009). This discovery, together with the mounting evidence for conditional efficacy, suggested to us that 5-HT2A agonist signaling might be disproportionately affected by alterations in RSK2 expression. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated a chemically diverse set of 5-HT2A agonists at three readouts of 5-HT2A receptor activation in both wild-type (WT) and RSK2 knock-out (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Here we report that 5-HT2A receptor agonist efficacies were significantly and variably augmented in RSK2 KO MEFs compared with WT MEFs. As a result, relative agonist efficacies were significantly altered, and even reversed, between WT and RSK2 KO MEFs for a single effector readout. This study provides the first evidence that deletion of a single kinase can elicit profound changes in patterns of agonist functional selectivity.
Parent Education for Young Children With Autism and Disruptive Behavior: Response to Active Control Treatment

This study examines parent and child characteristics in young children with autism spectrum disorder and disruptive behavior who showed a positive response to a parent education program in a randomized clinical trial of parent training. Children with autism spectrum disorder (N = 180) were randomized to parent training (PT) or parent education program (PEP) for 6 months. Using the Clinical Global Impression–Improvement scale, masked independent evaluators rated positive response in 68.5% of children in PT compared to 39.6% in PEP. We compared baseline characteristics and change in parental stress, strain, competence, and mental health for participants who showed a positive response to PEP (PEP-R) to those who did not (PEP-NR). We also compared change in child and parent measures for PEP-R participants to those who showed a positive response to PT (PT-R). At baseline, PEP-R and PEP-NR participants did not differ on any demographic or clinical characteristics. Parents in PEP-R reported significant reductions on the Parenting Stress Index, Caregiver Strain Questionnaire, and Parent Health Questionnaire, and increases on the Parenting Sense of Competence scale. Improvements in child disruptive behavior and parental stress, strain, competence, and mental health for PEP-R participants were similar to PT-R participants. Vineland Daily Living Skills improved only for children in PT-R. PEP was an active control treatment with nearly 40% of participants showing a positive response. Change in child disruptive behavior and parental stress, strain, competence, and mental health were remarkably similar for participants independently rated with a positive response to PEP and PT.
The inhibitor of 20‐HETE synthesis, TS‐011, improves cerebral microcirculatory autoregulation impaired by middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice

20‐Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is a potent vasoconstrictor that contributes to cerebral ischaemia. An inhibitor of 20‐Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthesis, TS‐011, reduces infarct volume and improves neurological deficits in animal stroke models. However, little is known about how TS‐011 affects the microvessels in ischaemic brain. Here, we investigated the effect of TS‐011 on microvessels after cerebral ischaemia.
The Effect of Irreversible Electroporation on Blood Vessels

We present a pilot study on the long term effects of irreversible electroporation (IRE) on a large blood vessel. The study was motivated by the anticipated use of IRE for treatment of cancer tumors abutting large blood vessels. A sequence of 10 direct current IRE pulses of 3800 V/cm, 100μs each, at a frequency of 10 pulses per second, were applied directly to the carotid artery in six rats. Measuring tissue conductivity during the procedure showed, as predicted, an increase in conductivity during the application of the pulse, which suggests that this measurement can be used to control the application of IRE. All the animals survived the procedure and showed no side effects. Histology performed 28 days after the procedure showed that the connective matrix of the blood vessels remained intact and the number of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in the arterial wall decreased with no evidence of aneurysm, thrombus formation or necrosis. Average VSMC density was significantly lower following IRE ablation compared with control (24 ± 11 vs. 139 ± 14, P<0.001), with no apparent damage to extra cellular matrix components and structure. In addition to the relevance of this study to treatment of cancer near large blood vessels these findings tentatively suggest that IRE has possible applications to treatment of pathological processes in which it is desired to reduce the proliferation of VSMC population, such as restenosis and for attenuating atherosclerotic processes in clinical important locations such as coronary, carotid and renal arteries.
Bacteria‐induced release of white cell‐ and platelet‐derived vascular endothelial growth factor in vitro

Poor prognosis after resection of primary colorectal cancer may be related to the combination of perioperative blood transfusion and subsequent development of infectious complications. White blood cell‐ and platelet‐derived cancer growth substances, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), may be involved in this process. Therefore, we studied the in vitro release of VEGF from white blood cells and platelets stimulated by bacterial antigens and supernatants from stored red cell components.
Model Predictive Control of Six-Phase Induction Motor Drives Using Virtual Voltage Vectors

The most serious and recent competitor to the standard field oriented control for induction motors (IM) is the finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). Nevertheless, the extension to multiphase drives faces the impossibility to simultaneously regulate the flux/torque and the secondary current components (typically termed <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x - y$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the literature). The application of a single switching state during the whole sampling period inevitably implies the appearance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x - y$</tex-math></inline-formula> voltage/currents that increase the system losses and deteriorate the power quality. These circulating currents become intolerably high as per the unit <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x - y$</tex-math></inline-formula> impedance and the switching frequency diminish. Aiming to overcome this limitation, this work suggests the integration of virtual voltage vectors (VVs) into the FCS-MPC structure. The VVs ensure null <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$x - y$</tex-math></inline-formula> voltages on average during the sampling period and the MPC approach selects the most suitable VV to fulfill the flux/torque requirements. The experimental results for a six-phase case study compare the standard FCS-MPC with the suggested method, confirming that the VV-based MPC maintains the flux/torque regulation and successfully improves the power quality and efficiency.