Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The importance of employee brand understanding, brand identification, and brand commitment in realizing brand citizenship behaviour

Purpose This study aims to develop comprehensive definitions, conceptualizations and measures of four internal brand management (IBM) outcomes, namely, brand understanding, brand identification, brand commitment and brand citizenship behaviour (BCB). In doing so, it also aims to propose a model, which considers the relationships across these outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected via an online survey of 375 employees who work in service organizations, sourced from an Australian, Web-based market research list. Findings In addition to the indirect effect of brand understanding on BCB via affective IBM outcomes (i.e. brand identification and brand commitment), the study exposes a direct effect of brand understanding on BCB. Therefore, the study shows that BCB is affected by cognitive and affective antecedents. Research limitations/implications Because this study focuses on IBM outcomes, future studies could propose and test relevant antecedents and moderators. As the empirical basis of this study comes primarily from the tourism and hospitality industry in one domestic market, the study should be replicated in other industries and countries to ensure the generalizability of the identified relationships. Practical implications This study not only delivers IBM outcome measures but also empirically validates that employees’ understanding of the brand is a foundation for affective and behavioural IBM outcomes. Therefore, managers, especially in service organizations, should provide sufficient IBM practices to enable such brand understanding. Originality/value This study contributes to IBM literature by developing comprehensive definitions, conceptualizations and measures of four important IBM outcomes. This study is the first to include brand understanding, brand identification, brand commitment and BCB simultaneously.
Highly efficient variable-step-size maximum power point tracker for PV systems

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used in photovoltaic systems to maximize the PV array output power by tracking continuously the maximum power point (MPP) which depends on panel's temperature and irradiance conditions. The issue of MPPT techniques has been addressed in different literature. Among all these strategies, maximum power point tracker based on single variable are recently had a great attention due to its simplicity and ease in implementation than the other tracking techniques. In this paper a variable step size based on single current sensor MPPT has been proposed. The proposed algorithm automatically adjusts the step size to track the array maximum power point (MPP). Compared with the conventional fixed step size method, the proposed algorithm can effectively improve not only the steady state performance but also the dynamic response of the PV system. Detailed analysis and the flowchart of the suggested algorithm are included. PSIM simulation results and experimental results are also provided to highlight the usefulness of the scheme.
Harmonic elimination of multilevel inverters using particle swarm optimization

This paper presents the novel particle swarm optimization technique to determine the optimum switching angles of multilevel converters so as to produce the required fundamental voltage while at the same time not generate lower order harmonics. This optimization method is applied to transcendental equations characterizing the harmonic content to minimize low order harmonics. All set of solutions are found for seven and eleven levels inverters to show the simplicity and effectiveness of proposed method.
[Executive function characteristic in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbid disruptive behavior disorders].

OBJECTIVE To answer the question whether executive function (EF) deficits are specific to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or whether such deficits are also associated with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD), including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conductive disorder (CD). METHODS A total of 19 pure ADHD boys, 19 ADHD+DBD boys and 19 normal controls (criteria of DSM-IV) were collected as our samples. The groups were matched by age (less than 6 months). The research instruments included Stroop color-word task, Rey complex figure test, digit span test, trail making test, tower of Hanoi and verbal fluency test. RESULTS The differences of IQs weren't significant among three groups. (1) Both pure ADHD group and ADHD+DBD group performed worse (P<0.05) in the aspects of the time of Stroops 2 and 4, errors of Stroop 4; the delay recalling structure and detail score, the immediate memory detail score of Rey complex figure test; error steps (rule violation) of tow of Hanoi. But the differences between pure ADHD and ADHD+DBD weren't significant (P>0.05). (2) pure ADHD group also showed deficits in the aspects of errors of Stroop 2, time and errors of Stroop 3, word interference time; immediate memory structure score of Rey complex figure test; time and errors of number letter part and shifting time of trail making test; total time and steps of completing tower of Hanoi. The differences were significant (P<0.05). (3) ADHD+DBD group performed better on the time of naming color of the color block card (part 2,P=0.044) and color-word card (part 4,P=0.022), and also had the tendency to shorter word interference time (P=0.055) than pure ADHD group. CONCLUSION The findings support the hypothesis that ADHD is related to EF deficit, whether or not comorbid DBD. ADHD+DBD group showed significant difference in the aspects of inhibition and working memory as compared with the normal group, but the area and degree of EF deficits were less than pure ADHD group.
Bodies of emotion: rethinking culture and emotion through Southeast Asia

Emotion has represented a tantalizing subject for social scientific inquiry because it appears to tell us about our true selves; the self that, after all the thinking and interacting are done, feels the welling-up of rage, the tender pangs of love, the black emptiness of despair. Invoking methodological individualism, our phrasing here frames emotions as the property of persons, and indeed the majority of research on emotion has assumed that the individual experience of emotion is fundamentally prior to its social experience, its so-called ‘context. ’ In this tradition (see Lutz & White 1986 for an overview and critique), emotion’s location in culture is acknowledged in broad terms. An example of this is the notion of an ‘emotion lexicon’ drawn upon by persons from a ‘cultural group,’ where the latter term means ‘speakers of the same language. ’ Languages (almost always authorized national languages) stand in for culture, and researchers discover that all speakers of a language share a cognitive structure for emotion (Kovecses 1990, 2000; Wierzbicka 1999). Difference is downplayed; for instance, a recent questionnaire-based social psychological study of gender and emotion ‘found the anticipated effects of sex of respondent with respect to all three aspects of emotion (intensity, duration, and expression), showing that women in all countries reported more intense emotions, and of a longer duration, and that they also expressed their emotions more overtly’ (Fischer & Manstead 2000:88). The dominant social psychological approach thus pairs a methodological individualism with a theoretical universalism, and ‘culture’ — that historically specific mediating level as fundamental to human experience as ‘English,’ ‘Thai,’ or ‘German’ — is elided. This approach continues to this day in research on emotion in Southeast Asia (the areal focus of the present collection), and can justly claim to have significantly broadened our understanding of lexicons
On the Use of OpenGL ES 2.0 Shaders for Mobile Phones using Cross-Platform Middle-Ware

In this report, we explore the use of advanced graphics techniques across multiple platforms using cross-platform middle-ware on OpenGL ES 2.0-enabled devices. In particular, we have evaluated the use of Unity and Airplay SDK for graphically advanced applications on iPhone, iPod Touch and Nexus One (Android) devices. A prototype game, Kodo, was developed as a test platform for these tests. We found that many advanced shader techniques can be successfully used on current high-end mobile devices, though careful consideration is required when applying some of the more costly techniques, such as fragment lighting, normal mapping and full screen postprocessing. In a related report, Nyström explores the use of local multi-device multiplayer games, using an iPad as the main playing area and other devices as remote controls for each participant. Om användning av OpenGL ES 2.0-shaders för mobiltelefoner med hjälp av anpassningsprogram för flerplattformsutveckling
The roles of taurine in the retina

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is found in millimolar concentrations, and is especially high in excitable tissues in neonates. During development, the levels of taurine decline to reach stable adult concentrations that are second to those of glutamate. Taurine is found in very high concentrations in the retina (Pasantes-Morales et al. 1972) and lateral geniculate nuclei (Guidotti et al. 1972), suggesting a role of taurine in vision. Taurine has been investigated with regards to its roles in osmoregulation, as a potent antioxidant, and as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator. From the embryo to death, taurine appears to play an integral role in maintaining the health of the retina. As will be discussed, taurine is a vital amino acid during development. Aging, too, is dependent upon taurine: Taurine transport is age-dependent in humans, suggesting a role of taurine transport in age-related retinal failures (Hillenkamp et al. 2004). Here, I attempt to bring together nearly 35 years of work on the role(s) of taurine in the retina. As will be discussed, taurine has been implicated in many aspects of retinal homeostasis. Despite three decades of research involving taurine and the retina, many questions remain unanswered.
Examining the Moderating Effects of Students’ Characteristics on the Relationship between Perceived Quality and Satisfaction with University Services: The Evidence from Two Public Universities in Terengganu

The success of economic development in East Coast Economic Region (ECER) is contributed by many factors such as investment from foreign countries, tourism industry, oil and gas industry as well as education industry. With regards to education industry, the number of higher educational institutions (HEIs) in ECER has increased. To achieve the mission of ECER in strengthening the education system and as an educational hub, it is of utmost importance, especially for universities in Terengganu to identify strategies in achieving the mission. The research to identify and understand the students’ characteristics is important for marketers to attract and retain students especially for HEIs in ECER. Thus, the objectives of this research is to, (1) assess the relationship between perceived quality and overall satisfaction, and (2) test the moderating effects of students’ characteristics’ such as gender, race and state of origin on the relationship between perceived quality and satisfaction with university services. The regression analysis was used to analyze the hypotheses of the study and the results supported both hypotheses. For the first hypothesis, there was a significant positive relationship between perceived quality and satisfaction. For the second hypothesis, the moderating effects of students’ characteristics supported the relationship between overall satisfaction and behavioural intentions. The analysis revealed that students’ characteristics had significant impact as a moderator.
Small-angle X-ray scattering-derived structure of the HIV-1 5′ UTR reveals 3D tRNA mimicry

Significance A highly conserved region of the HIV-1 RNA genome is responsible for regulating numerous steps of the retroviral life cycle, including initiation of reverse transcription. A complete understanding of the mechanisms controlling HIV-1 replication requires structural characterization of this RNA; unfortunately, however, its large size and conformational flexibility makes common methods of solving structures, such as X-ray crystallography and NMR, exceedingly difficult. The present study uses a solution technique, small-angle X-ray scattering coupled with computational molecular modeling, to characterize three ∼100-nucleotide RNAs that play central roles in HIV-1 replication. One of these domains mimics the L-shaped fold of tRNA, providing a structural basis for understanding how this genomic RNA coordinates interactions with a tRNA-binding host factor to facilitate initiation of reverse transcription. The most conserved region of the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) genome, the ∼335-nt 5′ UTR, is characterized by functional stem loop domains responsible for regulating the viral life cycle. Despite the indispensable nature of this region of the genome in HIV-1 replication, 3D structures of multihairpin domains of the 5′ UTR remain unknown. Using small-angle X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations, we generated structural models of the transactivation (TAR)/polyadenylation (polyA), primer-binding site (PBS), and Psi-packaging domains. TAR and polyA form extended, coaxially stacked hairpins, consistent with their high stability and contribution to the pausing of reverse transcription. The Psi domain is extended, with each stem loop exposed for interactions with binding partners. The PBS domain adopts a bent conformation resembling the shape of a tRNA in apo and primer-annealed states. These results provide a structural basis for understanding several key molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-1 replication.
Reliability and reproducibility of Kienböck’s disease staging

We evaluated the interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility of the Lichtman et al. classification for Kienböck’s disease by getting four observers with different experience to look at 70 sets of wrist radiographs at different points in time. These observers staged each set of radiographs. Paired comparisons of the observations identified an agreement in 63% of cases and a mean weighted kappa coefficient of 0.64 confirming interobserver reliability. The stage of the involved lunate was reproduced in 78% of the observations with a mean weighted kappa coefficient of 0.81 showing intraobserver reproducibility. This classification for Kienböck’s disease has good reliability and reproducibility.
Stopping power for particle therapy: The generic library libdEdx and clinically relevant stopping-power ratios for light ions

Abstract Purpose: Stopping-power data enter at a number of different places in particle therapy and their uncertainties have a direct impact on the accuracy of the therapy, e.g., in treatment planning. Furthermore, for clinical quality assurance, the particle beam stopping-power ratios (STPR) have to be known accurately for dosimetry. Methods: An open-source computer library called libdEdx (library for energy loss per unit path length, dE/dx, calculations) is developed, providing stopping-power data from data tables and computer programs as well as a stopping-power formula comprising a large list of target materials. Calculations of STPR in the case of spread-out Bragg-peaks (SOBP) are performed with the Monte Carlo transportation code SHIELD-HIT (SHIELD-Heavy Ion Transport) using different ions relevant for particle therapy. Results: For SOBP the water-to-air STPR depends on the residual range and is qualitatively very similar for different ions; however, small quantitative differences exist between the considered ion species. Conclusions: libdEdx allows for a convenient and efficient treatment of stopping powers in numerical applications. It can be applied to estimate the dependence on the accuracy of the stopping power and to provide data for an extended number of target materials. The STPR for SOBP for different ions are found to be qualitatively the same which may allow for an analytical description valid for all ions.
Influence of International Trade Agreements on Entry Strategy

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . III DEDICATION . 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS . VIII TABLE OF FIGURES . XIV TABLE OF TABLES. XVI GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . XVIII
Optimal fuel core loading pattern design in PWR nuclear power reactors using genetic algorithms and fuzzy nonlinear programming

In pressurized water reactors, the fuel reloading problem has significant meaning in terms of both safety and economics. An optimal loading pattern is defined as a pattern in which the local power peaking factor (P_q) is lower than a predetermined value during one cycle and the effective multiplication factor (k_{eff}) is maximized to extract the maximum energy. This article presents a specialized genetic algorithm for loading pattern design. The tests on well-researched cases have shown that the genetic algorithm is capable of finding better loading patterns than solutions found by direct search methods. However, most of the previous researchers have considered simple fitness (cost) functions; therefore the reported solutions cannot minimize the P_qtogether with maximization of the k_{eff}. To solve this difficulty, we used Fuzzy Nonlinear Programming (FNLP) technique with the genetic algorithm to perform multi-objective optimization (maximizing the k_{eff}together with minimizing the P_q). The results show that this method improves the genetic algorithm results compared to previous methods.
Influencing Factors of Agricultural Products Logistics Transportation Mode Selection- an Empirical Research Based on SEM

Reasonable transportation mode selection of agricultural products concerns the cost, efficiency and safety of the transportation process. The technical features and economic advantages of highway transportation are different and this transportation mode holds obvious advantages over other modes under the same transportation demand. This paper reviews the general principle and demands of transportation mode selection, establishes structural equation model and studies the impact of various factors under different transportation modes. By setting the formulation, low-carbon environmental philosophy” as impersonal restricted factors latent variables, setting “cost, efficiency, security preference” as subjective factors latent variables and the analysis and verification based on measurement model, the impact of different transportation modes on factors like cost, time and security is concluded, which provides suggestions for the transportation of agricultural products that have different requirement attributes.
The role of sleep in the relation between young children's mobile media use and effortful control

We explored the relations among young children's mobile media use, sleep, and a form of self-regulation, temperamental effortful control (EC), among a national sample of 402 mothers who completed an online survey. We found that the relation between mobile media use and EC was moderated by children's sleep time. Tablet use was negatively related to EC only among children who slept less at night (40% of our sample). However, hand-held game player use was positively related to EC among children who slept longer at night (60% of our sample). In addition, sleep quality was a mediator in the relation between evening tablet use and EC. Evening use related to later bedtimes, more bedtime resistance, and worse sleep duration, and these indicators of poor sleep quality, in turn, predicted weaker EC. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Young children are spending increasing amounts of time with mobile media, such as tablets and hand-held game players. Media exposure is related to children's self-regulation. Media exposure is related to children's sleep quality. What does this study adds? Number of sleep hours moderates the relation between mobile media use and EC among young children. Tablet time is negatively related to EC among young children who get fewer sleep hours. Hand-held game playing is positively related to EC among young children who get greater sleep hours. Sleep quality mediates the relation between evening tablet time and EC among young children.
A new variational method for pan-sharpening

In this paper, we present a new variational method for pan-sharpening, which aims to obtain a high resolution multi-spectral (MS) image from a low resolution MS image and a high resolution panchromatic (PAN) image. Firstly, we assume that the desired high resolution MS image after down-sampling should be close to the low resolution MS image. More specifically, the intensity maps of PAN image and high resolution MS image bands are treated as three-dimensional (3D) differential surfaces. Then, we constrain that the surfaces of PAN image and high resolution MS image band should have the same bending directions at each point in 3D space. Based on these assumptions, a variational model is proposed and an efficient algorithm is designed to solve this variational model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms various pan-sharpening methods in terms of both excellent spatial and spectral qualities.
A standardized approach for the integration of geodetic data for deformation analysis

This contribution proposes a new approach for the analysis and preparation of geodetic data for the use in geophysical modeling. The approach resolves the problem of non-uniformity in the datasets obtained by different measurement techniques. The approach is based on two main steps: uniformization of the data using a standardized data format, and the application of the CUPiDO conversion tool to construct double-difference observations. Both steps are described in detail. By using double-difference observations, the effect of different reference points and geodetic datums is eliminated, thereby making the outcomes of the CUPiDO tool well suited for an integrated inversion to estimate a model. The CUPiDO tool will be made publicly available.
Perfect Privacy Preserving in Automated Trust Negotiation

Automated Trust Negotiation aims to securely identify the consensus between two sets of policies consisting of certificates, with minimal disclosure of policies to each other. The paper proposes a new scheme that allows both parties to learn whether or not, both parties agree to transfer a given target certificate to the requesting party. No policy is revealed after performance of the protocol. No certificate is known to each other.
Upgrading to TLS Within HTTP/1.1

This memo explains how to use the Upgrade mechanism in HTTP/1.1 to initiate Transport Layer Security (TLS) over an existing TCP connection. This allows unsecured and secured HTTP traffic to share the same well known port (in this case, http: at 80 rather than https: at 443). It also enables "virtual hosting", so a single HTTP + TLS server can disambiguate traffic intended for several hostnames at a single IP address.
Organizing Entrepreneurial Judgment A New Approach To The Firm

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On the maximum entropy theorem for complex random vectors

This paper considers the complex random vectors and study some important properties. We develop a theory which is based on the concept of covariance and pseudo-covariance matrix in order to prove a stronger version of the maximum entropy theorem for the complex multivariate case (F.D. Neeser et al. 1993).