Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Karyotyping-FISH-Reverse Transcription PCR and RNA- Sequencing-Fusion Gene Identification Programs in the Detection of KAT6A-CREBBP in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

An acute myeloid leukemia was suspected of having a t(8;16)(p11;p13) resulting in a KAT6A-CREBBP fusion because the bone marrow was packed with monoblasts showing marked erythrophagocytosis. The diagnostic karyotype was 46,XY,add(1)(p13),t(8;21)(p11;q22),der(16)t(1;16)(p13;p13)[9]/46,XY[1]; thus, no direct confirmation of the suspicion could be given although both 8p11 and 16p13 seemed to be rearranged. The leukemic cells were examined in two ways to find out whether a cryptic KAT6A-CREBBP was present. The first was the “conventional” approach: G-banding was followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The second was RNA-Seq followed by data analysis using FusionMap and FusionFinder programs with special emphasis on candidates located in the 1p13, 8p11, 16p13, and 21q22 breakpoints. FISH analysis indicated the presence of a KAT6A/CREBBP chimera. RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of the amplified product showed that a chimeric KAT6A-CREBBP transcript was present in the patients bone marrow. Surprisingly, however, KATA6A-CREBBP was not among the 874 and 35 fusion transcripts identified by the FusionMap and FusionFinder programs, respectively, although 11 sequences of the raw RNA-sequencing data were KATA6A-CREBBP fragments. This illustrates that although many fusion transcripts can be found by RNA-Seq combined with FusionMap and FusionFinder, the pathogenetically essential fusion is not always picked up by the bioinformatic algorithms behind these programs. The present study not only illustrates potential pitfalls of current data analysis programs of whole transcriptome sequences which make them less useful as stand-alone techniques, but also that leukemia diagnosis still relies on integration of clinical, hematologic, and genetic disease features of which the former two by no means have become superfluous.
Detecting reflector attacks by sharing beliefs

In this paper, we present a distributed approach to detecting a type of distributed denial of service attack known as reflector attacks. In our approach, every potential reflector monitors the incoming packets and broadcasts a warning message to other potential reflectors if any abnormal traffic is observed. The warning message contains a description of the abnormal traffic it has observed. A detection decision can be made based on the information from multiple potential reflectors. We present a learning algorithm to decide when to broadcast the warning message.
New aspects of combining echo cancellers with beamformers

In this contribution, we introduce a novel framework for combining approaches for acoustic echo cancellation and beamforming. Classical schemes of combination incorporate the simple concatenation of both subsystems. However, if the echo cancellers come first, they cannot exploit the noise reduction capabilities of the beamformer. In the other setup, a time-variant beamformer can heavily disturb the succeeding echo canceller's convergence. The new approach establishes a possibility to smoothly switch between two possible target functions: the mean squared errors at the beamformer's inputs and its output, respectively. Thus, one combined system benefits from advantages of both classical schemes. The paper contains a theoretical analysis of possible solutions for preceding echo cancellers, which are adapted using the beamformer output. The appropriate modification of the normalized least mean squares algorithm is derived too.
The Electromagnetic Energy Conversion in the Processes of  $Z$-Pinch Implosions at the “Qiang Guang I” Facility

In the processes of implosions of argon gas-puff and tungsten wire-array Z-pinches at the ldquoQiang Guang Irdquo facility, the delivered electrical energy, inductance, and its relevant stored energy, and the effective work done by the Lorentz force, as well as the effects of the load type and its parameters on them, are investigated by making use of the measured current and voltage. The effective work becomes largest when using a wire array of 8-mm diameter with a fixed wire number of 32. For a given diameter of the wire array, the effective work becomes larger if the load consists of more wires. A 0-D model was used to optimize the mass per unit length for the wire array at the ldquoQiang Guang Irdquo facility on 1.6-MA current level. The calculated results show that the tungsten wire array with 8-mm diameter should be a suitable load for this generator. It is consistent with the analyzed results based on electromagnetic energy conversion, as well as with the measured results of X-ray yield in wire-array Z-pinches at the facility.
Improving Korean University Student EFL Academic Writing with Contrastive Rhetoric: Teacher Conferencing and Peer Response Can Help*

The field of Contrastive Rhetoric has existed as a discipline within ESL/EFL composition studies for the past forty years. Nevertheless, this article is one of the first to report the findings of a research study testing the effectiveness of specific pedagogical techniques (teacher conferencing and peer response) for delivering contrastive rhetoric-oriented instruction in an English composition classroom. The results of this study hold important implications for EFL university writing (especially in EastAsia), contrastive rhetoric-oriented instruction, and composition studies in terms of further delineating the effectiveness of teacher conferencing and peer response in English composition classrooms. This study was conducted at Handong Global University in Pohang, South Korea in Spring 2004. In this study, the teaching treatment of reinforcing contrastive rhetoric-oriented writing instruction conducted in classroom lecture with contrastive rhetoric-oriented writing instruction rendered in teacher conferences and peer response groups helped lowerlevel Korean university writers make significantly better improvement in their essay writing (as measured by pretest/posttest results) when compared to their control group peers, who only received contrastive rhetoric-oriented writing instruction through classroom lectures, discussions, and written feedback on essays. The current article expands on the original findings in an attempt to explain more precisely the effectiveness of
The Membrane Resting Potential of Thalamocortical Relay Neurons Is Shaped by the Interaction among Task3 and Hcn2 Channels

By combining molecular biological, electrophysiological, immunological and computer modeling techniques, we here demonstrate a counterbalancing contribution of TASK channels, underlying hyperpolarizing K + leak currents, and HCN channels, underlying depolarizing I h , to the resting membrane potential of thalamocortical relay (TC) neurons. RT-PCR experiments revealed the expression of TASK1, TASK3 as well as HCN1-4. Quantitative determination of mRNA expression levels and immunocytochemical staining demonstrated that TASK3 and HCN2 channels represent the dominant thalamic isoforms and are co-expressed in TC neurons. Extracellular acidification, a standard procedure to inhibit TASK channels, blocked a TASK current masked by additional action on HCN channels. Only in the presence of the HCN blocker ZD7288 the pH-sensitve component was typical for a TASK current, i.e., outward rectification and current reversal at the K + equilibrium potential. In a similar way extracellular acidification was only able to shift the activity pattern of TC neurons from burst to tonic firing during block of I h or genetic knock out of HCN channels. A single compartmental computer model of TC neurons simulated the counterbalancing influence of TASK and HCN on the resting membrane potential. It is concluded that TASK3 and HCN2 channels stabilize the membrane potential by a mutual functional interaction, that the most efficient way to regulate the membrane potential of TC neurons is the converse modulation of TASK and HCN channels, and that TC neurons are potentially more resistant to insults accompanied by extracellular pH shifts in comparison to other CNS regions.
Sprachliche Integration von Migranten in Deutschland

Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Haug, S. (2008). Sprachliche Integration von Migranten in Deutschland. (Working Paper / Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF) Forschungszentrum Migration, Integration und Asyl (FZ), 14). Nürnberg: Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF) Forschungszentrum Migration, Integration und Asyl (FZ). https://nbn-resolving.org/ urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-382176
IQRF Smart Wireless Platform for Home Automation: A Case Study

This paper presents the main features of a new IQRF wireless communications platform. The platform was designed and developed for home and industrial automation. Some basic functions of operating systems, development tools and basic modules are described. On a case study a basic home automation application is discussed. The new proprietary wireless communication platform IQRF was developed. Its advantages, the guidelines of using it, and currently available development tools are described in the article.
Cost of rheumatoid arthritis in a selected population from Argentina in the prebiologic therapy era

Background The present study aimed to estimate the cost of rheumatoid arthritis and its components in a university hospital-based health management organization in Argentina, during the prebiologic era. Methods A one-year (2002) observational prevalence, cost-of illness study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis from the societal perspective was performed in a hospital-based health management organization population. Direct medical costs were obtained using administrative databases. Direct nonmedical and indirect costs were obtained from a semistructured questionnaire. Indirect costs included work absenteeism, permanent work disability, and housework lost for housewives, using the human capital approach. Costs are expressed in 2002 US dollars per patient per year. Results A total of 165 patients (84% females), of mean age 61 ± 15 years and with a mean disease duration of 8.5 ± 8.3 years were included. Mean total direct medical costs were US$1862 (95% confidence interval [CI] 828–2899). Mean direct nonmedical costs were US$222 (95% CI 149–294). Mean indirect costs were US$1008 (95% CI 606–1412). The annual mean total cost was US$3093 without biologics. Hospitalizations represented 73% of total direct medical costs while drugs and outpatient procedures represented 16% and 8% of total direct medical costs, respectively. Sixty percent of the total costs were related to direct medical costs, while indirect costs represented 33% of total costs. Conclusion In our population, annual mean total costs in the prebiologic therapy era were mainly driven by direct medical costs. Even without the use of biologic agents, rheumatoid arthritis represents an important burden for society in developing countries.
Two- and three-dimensional folding of thin film single-crystalline silicon for photovoltaic power applications

Fabrication of 3D electronic structures in the micrometer-to-millimeter range is extremely challenging due to the inherently 2D nature of most conventional wafer-based fabrication methods. Self-assembly, and the related method of self-folding of planar patterned membranes, provide a promising means to solve this problem. Here, we investigate self-assembly processes driven by wetting interactions to shape the contour of a functional, nonplanar photovoltaic (PV) device. A mechanics model based on the theory of thin plates is developed to identify the critical conditions for self-folding of different 2D geometrical shapes. This strategy is demonstrated for specifically designed millimeter-scale silicon objects, which are self-assembled into spherical, and other 3D shapes and integrated into fully functional light-trapping PV devices. The resulting 3D devices offer a promising way to efficiently harvest solar energy in thin cells using concentrator microarrays that function without active light tracking systems.
Imprisonment and the Expected Value of Criminal Choice: A Specification and Test of Aspects of the Labeling Perspective

A fundamental position of contemporary labeling theory is specified and examined: from the viewpoint of an actor publically defined as deviant, increased public intervention will increase the expected value of deviant behavioral choice. Questionnaires administered to 234 black and white inmates in a prison for youthful offenders provide the basis for examining this position in the context of criminal choice, the expected value of criminal choice, and imprisonment. Curvilinear trends in the effects of imprisonment on the relative expected value of "going crooked" as opposed to "going straight" indicate that a modification of the linear expectations generated by the labeling perspective may be in order. An initial decrease in the relative expected value of criminal choice is found for blacks and whites after point-of-entry into prison, and this is identified as a "rehabilitation" effect. With continued imprisonment, however, this effect is reversed and the relative expected value of criminal choice increases. This increase is substantially more marked for whites than blacks, thus suggesting another modification of the labeling perspective: official intervention appears to have differential effects by race.
Local Cognitive Load in Simultaneous Interpreting and its Implications for Empirical Research

La recherche sur les limites de la simultanee dues a la charge cognitive gagne a etre meneepar la voie d’analyses locales. Localement, la charge cognitive importee d’un segment dontle traitement n’est pas termine peut determiner la difficulte d’interpretation du segment encours de traitement, et expliquer des difficultes specifiques par langue qui ne sont pasmanifestes dans la conversation quotidienne. Interviennent aussi la distribution de la densited’information dans la phrase et les pauses entre les phrases. La manipulation experimentalede ces dernieres et une focalisation de la recherche sur des segments locaux pourraientaugmenter l’efficacite de la recherche empirique sur l’interpretation.
Zero-Moment Point on a bipedal robot under bio-inspired walking control

Humanoid robots are currently still far from reaching the impressive human walking capabilities. Among the different methods used to design walking controllers, those based on the Zero-Moment Point (ZMP) criterion are among the most popular, even if they induce intrinsic limitations in terms of energy consumption and robustness. In parallel, bio-inspired controllers are emerging. They overcome the ZMP-based limitations, but still miss robust stabilization rules to be validated on real robots. This contribution studies how to efficiently compute the ZMP in realtime on a robot walking with bio-inspired control rules, in order to detect when the robot stability is compromised.
Applied Valuation of Demand Response Under Uncertainty : Combining Supply-Side Methods to Value Equivalent Demand-Side Resources

In today’s rapidly changing energy markets, the role of direct load control programs are increasingly recognized as an underutilized resource 1 capable of providing numerous benefits to our electricity grid and to our society as a whole. Although different names are used to describe these programs, we use the term Demand Response (DR) to include the overarching segment of load participation resources.
Relative localization from image sequences

This paper presents a technique for vehicle localization. The technique is based on processing images taken by one or more downward pointing cameras. Motion represented by shift between successive images allows us to directly measure the velocity at two points on either side of the axis of motion. From these possibly di erent velocities, we can infer the vehicle speed and turning radius and from those, the vehicle orientation, position, velocity and acceleration vectors.
Cerebral Hirano-like Bodies in an Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

A 14-year-old female alpaca (Vicugna pacos) was presented with a 1-week history of lethargy and anorexia and a 2-day history of recumbency, trembling, and hypothermia. There were no significant gross findings on postmortem examination. Hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections of brain demonstrated the presence of intracytoplasmic crystalline eosinophilic rod-shaped inclusions, mainly in the hippocampal pyramidal cells. Immunohistochemical staining for synuclein, tau protein, ubiquitin, and smooth muscle actin was negative. All inclusions were positive with phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin. Ultrastructurally, the inclusions were multilamellar and filamentous with longitudinal herringbone pattern and cross-sectional latticelike structure. The combination of hematoxylin and eosin appearance, special stains, immunostaining, and ultrastructural findings was consistent with Hirano-like bodies. The Hirano-like bodies were highly unlikely to be the cause of the neurologic signs experienced by this alpaca. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous cerebral Hirano-like bodies in an alpaca.
The influence of extortion diversity on the evolution of cooperation in scale-free networks

Extortion strategies, which can let an individual's surplus exceed her opponent's by a fixed percentage, have played an important role in the understanding of the evolution of cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma game. In this paper, we combine individuals' extortion ability with their degrees, and study the influence of extortion diversity in the heterogeneous scale-free network. Our investigation shows that, when individuals' extortion factors are negative correlation with their degrees, these extortionate hubs play as catalysts to enhance the emergence of cooperative behavior. However, when the extortion factors are positively correlated with degrees, the effect of hub's catalyst is weaken.
Why Should We Care About Molecular Coevolution?

Non-independent evolution of amino acid sites has become a noticeable limitation of most methods aimed at identifying selective constraints at functionally important amino acid sites or protein regions. The need for a generalised framework to account for non-independence of amino acid sites has fuelled the design and development of new mathematical models and computational tools centred on resolving this problem. Molecular coevolution is one of the most active areas of research, with an increasing rate of new models and methods being developed everyday. Both parametric and non-parametric methods have been developed to account for correlated variability of amino acid sites. These methods have been utilised for detecting phylogenetic, functional and structural coevolution as well as to identify surfaces of amino acid sites involved in protein-protein interactions. Here we discuss and briefly describe these methods, and identify their advantages and limitations.
Performing clock synchronization for power management in multi-hop ad hoc networks

One of the common underlying assumptions in IEEE 802.11 standards' ad hoc mode operations is that all stations in the same IBSS can hear each other directly. In other words, the ad hoc mode of 802.11 supports only single-hop ad hoc networks. When extended to multi-hop environments, IEEE 802.11 protocols show a poor performance, if they are able to work at all. This has been acknowledged by researchers of wireless ad hoc networks [1, 2, 3]. However, because 802.11 already has a world-wide customer base — millions of devices around the world are “802.11- capable,” and that number is quickly increasing — much research has been done on IEEE 802.11-based, MANET-oriented protocols. In this paper, I try to alleviate the IEEE 802.11 MANET problem by considering two fundamental issues in wireless networks: time synchronization and power management. I ponder the relationship between them, and compare different power management schemes. Eventually, I establish that clock synchronization plays a very important role in efficient power management algorithms, and present an integrated protocol that merges synchronized sub networks to achieve power-saving in a global synchronized environment. I then show the correctness of the proposed protocol, and finally present simulation results that demonstrate the merits of the proposed protocol.
Practical Implicit Geological Modelling

Traditional method of explicitly defining three-dimensional (3D) ore-waste and geological boundaries relies heavily on a time-consuming process of manual digitisation. This method of modelling can be best described as surface modelling, as complex surface geometry is built up by digitising points that lie on the surface. With the advent of fast 3D interpolation methods, however, construction of geological surfaces using volume functions is now a practical alternative to explicit modelling of surfaces. Unlike explicit modelling, surfaces contained in volume functions are not explicitly defined or digitised. Instead the existence of surfaces in the volume function is implicit, thus the process of modelling surfaces from volume function is called ‘implicit modelling’. Based on recent advances in fast scattered data interpolation methods, implicit modelling first defines a continuous three-dimensional function that describes the grade or rock distribution. This volumetric function is interrogated for a grade value, or a geological surface, thus allowing the extraction of the 3D object to be automated and eliminating the need to manually digitise surfaces. Since the function is continuous throughout space and does not depend on a mesh or grid for its definition, the extracted geological or grade wireframes can be constructed at any desired resolution in the specific volume of interest. The volume modelling method can work on scattered drillhole data of any data density, including processing combined information from dense grade control data as well as sparse resource drilling. It offers distinct advantages over surface modelling, including: being able to wireframe geological objects that may take days to digitise in tens of minutes; substantial improvement in modelling accuracy; and the ability to generate conditional models rapidly allowing mining risks inherent in geological modelling to be examined.
Face recognition via collaborative representation based multiple one-dimensional embedding

This paper presents a novel classifier based on collaborative representation (CR) and multiple one-dimensional (1D) embedding with applications to face recognition. To use multiple 1D embedding (1DME) framework in semi-supervised learning is first proposed by one of the authors, J. Wang, in 2014. The main idea of the multiple 1D embedding is the following: Given a high-dimensional dataset, we first map it onto several different 1D sequences on the line while keeping the proximity of data points in the original ambient high-dimensional space. By this means, a classification problem on high dimension reduces to the one in a 1D framework, which can be efficiently solved by any classical 1D regularization method, for instance, an interpolation scheme. The dissimilarity metric plays an important role in learning a decent 1DME of the original dataset. Our another contribution is to develop a collaborative representation based dissimilarity (CRD) metric. Compared to the conventional Euclidean distance based metric, the proposed method can lead to better results. The experimental results on real-world databases verify the efficacy of the proposed method.