Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIFIC PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION Production of Eggshell Proteins by Silkmoth Follicular Cells

Silkmoth follicles, arranged in a precise developmental sequence within the ovariole, yield pure and uniform populations of follicular epithelial cells highly differentiated for synthesis of the proteinaceous eggshell (chorion) . These cells can be maintained and labeled efficiently in organ culture ; their in vitro (and cell free) protein synthetic activity reflects their activity in vivo . During differentiation the cells undergo dramatic changes in protein synthesis . For 2 days the cells are devoted almost exclusively to production of distinctive chorion proteins of low molecular weight and of unusual amino acid composition . Each protein has its own characteristic developmental kinetics of synthesis . Each is synthesized as a separate polypeptide, apparently on monocistronic messenger RNA (mRNA), and thus reflects the expression of a distinct gene . The rapid changes in this tissue do not result from corresponding changes in translational efficiency . Thus, the peptide chain elongation rate is comparable for chorion and for proteins synthesized at earlier developmental stages (1 .3-1 .9 amino acids/sec) ; moreover, the spacing of ribosomes on chorion mRNA (30-37 codons per ribosome) is similar to that encountered in other eukaryotic systems .
Hsp110 Chaperones Regulate Prion Formation and Propagation in S. cerevisiae by Two Discrete Activities

The cytosolic chaperone network of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is intimately associated with the emergence and maintenance of prion traits. Recently, the Hsp110 protein, Sse1, has been identified as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) for both cytosolic Hsp70 chaperone family members, Ssa1 and Ssb1. We have investigated the role of Sse1 in the de novo formation and propagation of [PSI +], the prion form of the translation termination factor, Sup35. As observed by others, we find that Sse1 is essential for efficient prion propagation. Our results suggest that the NEF activity is required for maintaining sufficient levels of substrate-free Ssa1. However, Sse1 exhibits an additional NEF-independent activity; it stimulates in vitro nucleation of Sup35NM, the prion domain of Sup35. We also observe that high levels of Sse1, but not of an unrelated NEF, very potently inhibit Hsp104-mediated curing of [PSI +]. Taken together, these results suggest a chaperone-like activity of Sse1 that assists in stabilization of early folding intermediates of the Sup35 prion conformation. This activity is not essential for prion formation under conditions of Sup35 overproduction, however, it may be relevant for spontaneous [PSI +] formation as well as for protection of the prion trait upon physiological Hsp104 induction.
Component types qualification in Java legacy code driven by communication integrity rules

Component Based Software Engineering is a way to improve software modularization and to embed architectural concerns in the source code. Making explicit the architectural concerns in code helps to mitigate the problem of architectural erosion. The restructuring of legacy code with components in mind requires the use of tools to assess compliance with component programming principles. The property of communication integrity is one of the major principles for implementing software architectures. However, there is a paucity of tools for assessing the quality of code components. To cope with this issue, we define a component model in Java and a tool for identifying component types, which relies on a set of rules to statically check potential violations of the communication integrity property in Java source code. We illustrate its application with a case study and report the results of our experiments with it.
Domperidone Should Not Be Considered a No-Risk Alternative to Cisapride in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

BackgroundSeveral cases of QT prolongation and ventricular tachyarrhythmia have been reported with domperidone, a gastrokinetic and antiemetic agent available worldwide but still under investigation in the United States. Although electrolyte disturbances such as hypokalemia could account for some of these events, we hypothesized that domperidone may have unsuspected electrophysiological effects predisposing some patients to proarrhythmia. Methods and ResultsStudies were undertaken in 9 isolated guinea pig hearts, which demonstrated reverse use–dependent prolongation of cardiac repolarization by 100 nmol/L domperidone. Action potential duration increased 27% from baseline with domperidone (from 114±3 to 145±2 ms) during pacing at a cycle length of 250 ms, and a 9% increase (from 97±2 to 106±3 ms) was seen with pacing at a cycle length of 150 ms. Experiments in human ether-a-go-go–related gene (HERG)-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells (n=32) demonstrated a concentration-dependent block of the rapid component (IKr) of the delayed rectifier potassium current. The tail current decreased by 50% at 162 nmol/L domperidone. ConclusionsDomperidone possesses cardiac electrophysiological effects similar to those of cisapride and class III antiarrhythmic drugs. These effects are observed at clinically relevant concentrations of the drug. Therefore, domperidone should not be considered a no-risk alternative to cisapride, a drug that was recently withdrawn from the US market.
Two novel gastric cancer-associated genes identified by differential display.

AIM:To clone novel gastric cancer-associated genes and investigate their roles in gastric cancer occurrence.METHODS:A method called differential display was used which allows the identification of differentially expressed genes by using PAGE to display PCR-amplified cDNA fragments between gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosa cells. These fragments were cloned into plasmid vector pUC18. Homology analysis was made after sequencing these fragments.RESULTS:Two novel genes were identified compared with sequences from GenBank. One was registered with the AD number AF 051783.In situ hybridization showed that these two novel genes expressed specifically in gastric cancer tissues.CONCLUSION:The two novel genes obtained by differential display were confirmed to be gastric cancer-associated genes using in situ hybridization.
Persistence and Toxin Production by Clostridium difficile within Human Intestinal Organoids Result in Disruption of Epithelial Paracellular Barrier Function

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of infectious nosocomial diarrhea. The pathogenesis of C. difficile infection (CDI) results from the interactions between the pathogen, intestinal epithelium, host immune system, and gastrointestinal microbiota. Previous studies of the host-pathogen interaction in CDI have utilized either simple cell monolayers or in vivo models. While much has been learned by utilizing these approaches, little is known about the direct interaction of the bacterium with a complex host epithelium. Here, we asked if human intestinal organoids (HIOs), which are derived from pluripotent stem cells and demonstrate small intestinal morphology and physiology, could be used to study the pathogenesis of the obligate anaerobe C. difficile. Vegetative C. difficile, microinjected into the lumen of HIOs, persisted in a viable state for up to 12 h. Upon colonization with C. difficile VPI 10463, the HIO epithelium is markedly disrupted, resulting in the loss of paracellular barrier function. Since similar effects were not observed when HIOs were colonized with the nontoxigenic C. difficile strain F200, we directly tested the role of toxin using TcdA and TcdB purified from VPI 10463. We show that the injection of TcdA replicates the disruption of the epithelial barrier function and structure observed in HIOs colonized with viable C. difficile.
Characterization of Surface EMG Signal Based on Fuzzy Entropy

Fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), a new measure of time series regularity, was proposed and applied to the characterization of surface electromyography (EMG) signals. Similar to the two existing related measures ApEn and SampEn, FuzzyEn is the negative natural logarithm of the conditional probability that two vectors similar for m points remain similar for the next m+1 points. Importing the concept of fuzzy sets, vectors' similarity is fuzzily defined in FuzzyEn on the basis of exponential function and their shapes. Besides possessing the good properties of SampEn superior to ApEn, FuzzyEn also succeeds in giving the entropy definition in the case of small parameters. Its performance on characterizing surface EMG signals, as well as independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) random numbers and periodical sinusoidal signals, shows that FuzzyEn can more efficiently measure the regularity of time series. The method introduced here can also be applied to other noisy physiological signals with relatively short datasets.
Performance Comparison of FH/MC DS-CDMA with Single- and Multi-Carrier DS-CDMA

In this contribution we review the slow frequency hopping multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (SFH/MC DS-CDMA). Then, the system's performance is ecalated and compared to that of the conventional single-carrier (SC) DS-CDMA and MC DS-CDMA under the assumptions of constant system bandwidth and of constant transmitted signal power. Both random and 'uni$ormlFH are considered and their advantages as well as disadvantages are investigated. We assume that the system operates in a multipath Nakagami-m fading environment and a maximum ratio combining (URC) assisted RAKE receiver is used for demodulation.
Predominant Melody Extraction from Polyphonic Music Signals Based on Harmonic Structure

A new method for predominant melody extraction from polyphonic music signals based on harmonic structure is proposed. The proposed method first extracts a set of fundamental frequency candidates by analyzing the distance between spectral peaks. Then, the predominant fundamental frequency is selected by pitch tracking according to the harmonic strength of the selected candidates. Finally, the method runs pitch smoothing on a large temporal scale for eliminating pitch doubling error, and conducts voicing frame detection. The proposed method shows the best overall performance for ADC 2004 DB in the MIREX 2011 audio melody extraction task. key words: melody extraction, multi-pitch extraction, polyphonic music, pitch tracking
Intercultural Dialogue in Practice: Managing Value Judgment through Foreign Language Education

Preface IntroductionPART 1 EXPLORING THE ROOTS OF VALUE JUDGMENt Chapter 1 Information Processing, Socialisation and the Self Chapter 2 Ethnocentrism and Ethnorelativism Chapter 3 Theoretical and Political Perspectives Upon Value JudgmentPART 2 MANAGING VALUE JUDGMENT IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATIOn Chapter 4 Overview of the Study Chapter 5 The Intercultural Dialogue Model Chapter 6 Critically Analysing Self and Other Chapter 7 Critically Evaluating Self and Other Chapter 8 Shifting the Interface: From Self and Other to Self and SocietyConclusion
An Assessment Framework for Business Model Ontologies to Ensure the Viability of Business Models

Organisations operate in an increasingly dynamic environment. Consequently, the business models span several organisations, dealing with multiple stakeholders and their competing interests. As a result, the enterprise information systems supporting this new market setting are highly distributed, and their components are owned and managed by different stakeholders. For successful businesses to exist it is crucial that their enterprise architectures are derived from and aligned with viable business models. Business model ontologies (BMOs) are effective tools for designing and evaluating business models. However, the viability perspective has been largely neglected. In this paper, current BMOs have been assessed on their capabilities to support the design and evaluation of viable business models. As such, a list of criteria is derived from literature to evaluate BMOs from a viability perspective. These criteria are subsequently applied to six well-established BMOs, to identify a BMO best suited for design and evaluation of viable business models. The analysis reveals that, although none of the BMOs satisfy all the criteria, e3-value is the most appropriate BMO for designing and evaluating business models from a viability perspective. Furthermore, the identified deficits provide clear areas for enhancing the assessed BMOs from a viability perspective.
Cardiotoxic and Cardioprotective Features of Chronic &bgr;-Adrenergic Signaling

Rationale: In the failing heart, persistent &bgr;-adrenergic receptor activation is thought to induce myocyte death by protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent and PKA-independent activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II. &bgr;-adrenergic signaling pathways also are capable of activating cardioprotective mechanisms. Objective: This study used a novel PKA inhibitor peptide to inhibit PKA activity to test the hypothesis that &bgr;-adrenergic receptor signaling causes cell death through PKA-dependent pathways and cardioprotection through PKA-independent pathways. Methods and Results: In PKA inhibitor peptide transgenic mice, chronic isoproterenol failed to induce cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and myocyte apoptosis, and decreased cardiac function. In cultured adult feline ventricular myocytes, PKA inhibition protected myocytes from death induced by &bgr;1-adrenergic receptor agonists by preventing cytosolic and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ overload and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation. PKA inhibition revealed a cardioprotective role of &bgr;-adrenergic signaling via cAMP/exchange protein directly activated by cAMP/Rap1/Rac/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway. Selective PKA inhibition causes protection in the heart after myocardial infarction that was superior to &bgr;-blocker therapy. Conclusions: These results suggest that selective block of PKA could be a novel heart failure therapy.
Further comparison of cross-company and within-company effort estimation models for Web applications

This paper extends a previous study, using data on 67 Web projects from the Tukutuku database, investigating to what extent a cross-company cost model can be successfully employed to estimate effort for projects that belong to a single company, where no projects from this company were used to build the cross-company model. Our within-company model employed data on 14 Web projects from a single Web company. Our results were similar to those from the previous study, showing that predictions based on the within-company model were significantly more accurate than those based on the cross-company model. We also found that predictions were very poor when the within-company cost model was used to estimate effort for 53 Web projects from different companies. We analysed the data using two techniques, forward stepwise regression and case-based reasoning. We found estimates produced using stepwise regression models were better for the within company model while case-based reasoning predictions were better for the cross-company model.
Efficient Boolean Characteristic Function for Timed Automatic Test Pattern Generation

Timing analysis is critical for many circuit optimizations. An accurate timing analysis can be achieved by finding input vectors that simultaneously satisfy both functional and temporal requirements. The problem of finding such input vectors can be modeled as a Boolean equation called the timed characteristic function (TCF). Despite the usefulness of the TCF, traditional TCF construction and solving is slow for large circuits. In this paper, we present a more efficient way to use the TCF. On average, our method is much faster than other most recent works.
DNA Interaction and DNA Cleavage Studies of a New Platinum(II) Complex Containing Aliphatic and Aromatic Dinitrogen Ligands

A new Pt(II) complex, [Pt(DIP)(LL)](NO3)2 (in which DIP is 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline and LL is the aliphatic dinitrogen ligand, N,N-dimethyl-trimethylenediamine), was synthesized and characterized using different physico-chemical methods. The interaction of this complex with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated by absorption, emission, circular dichroism (CD), and viscosity measurements. The complex binds to CT-DNA in an intercalative mode. The calculated binding constant, Kb, was 6.6 × 104 M−1. The enthalpy and entropy changes of the reaction between the complex and CT-DNA showed that the van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds are the main forces in the interaction with CT-DNA. In addition, CD study showed that phenanthroline ligand insert between the base pair stack of double helical structure of DNA. It is remarkable that this complex has the ability to cleave the supercoiled plasmid.
Chart review of patients on valsartan-based single-pill combinations vs. ARB-based free combinations for BP goal achievement

Abstract Objective: To compare blood pressure (BP) goal achievement associated with the use of valsartan-based single pill combinations (SPCs) vs. angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)-based free combinations (FCs) among adult hypertension patients. Research design and methods: Data were collected from physician-administered chart review of adult hypertension patients in the South Central region. All patients had uncontrolled BP before initiating one of the index therapies (SPCs: valsartan/amlodipine or valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide [HCTZ], FCs: ARB + calcium channel blocker [CCB] or ARB + HCTZ) between 07/2008 and 06/2009. Up to three BP measures were collected starting from 45 days after the therapy initiation. BP goal was <130/80 mmHg for patients with diabetes, chronic renal disease or coronary heart disease; or <140/90 mmHg for patients without these comorbidities. The Kaplan–Meier method with log-rank test was used to compare rates of BP goal achievement associated with valsartan-based SPCs vs. ARB-based FCs over time. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the likelihood of BP goal achievement associated with SPCs vs. FCs, controlling for demographics, baseline BP, hypertension history, comorbidities, prior and concurrent use of anti-hypertensive medications, and physician specialty. Results: The study included 812 patients: 414 on valsartan-based SPCs (209 on valsartan/amlodipine and 205 on valsartan/HCTZ) and 398 on ARB-based FCs (200 on ARB + CCB and 198 on ARB + HCTZ). The ARBs in the FC group included valsartan, losartan, olmesartan, telmisartan, irbesartan and candesartan. In the ARB FC group, the most commonly used ARB and CCB were valsartan (29.1%) and amlodipine (81.5%), respectively. During the observation period (81 days for valsartan SPC patients and 90 days for ARB FC patients), 65.9% of valsartan SPC patients and 55.8% of the ARB FC patients achieved BP goal. Over time, the rates of BP goal achievement were consistently higher among valsartan SPC vs. ARB FC patients (p = 0.01): 31.1% vs. 28.9% and 69.1% vs. 59.2% at month 3 and 6 after therapy initiation, respectively. Cox regression confirmed that valsartan SPC patients were more likely to achieve BP goal (HR = 1.22; p = 0.05). A similar trend was observed in the subgroup analyses comparing SPC of valsartan/amlodipine vs. FCs of ARB + CCB and SPC of valsartan/HCTZ vs. FCs of ARB + HCTZ. Limitations: Non-randomization of treatments, limited generalizability, and no records of BP measures within 45 days. Conclusions: Patients using valsartan-based SPCs were significantly more likely to achieve BP goal than those treated with ARB-based FCs in the real-world clinical practice in the South Central region. The significance was achieved at two-sided α = 0.05.
FANCI: identification of stealthy malicious logic using boolean functional analysis

Hardware design today bears similarities to software design. Often vendors buy and integrate code acquired from third-party organizations into their designs, especially in embedded/system-on-chip designs. Currently, there is no way to determine if third-party designs have built-in backdoors that can compromise security after deployment. The key observation we use to approach this problem is that hardware backdoors incorporate logic that is nearly-unused, i.e. stealthy. The wires used in stealthy backdoor circuits almost never influence the outputs of those circuits. Typically, they do so only when triggered using external inputs from an attacker. In this paper, we present FANCI, a tool that flags suspicious wires, in a design, which have the potential to be malicious. FANCI uses scalable, approximate, boolean functional analysis to detect these wires. Our examination of the TrustHub hardware backdoor benchmark suite shows that FANCI is able to flag all suspicious paths in the benchmarks that are associated with backdoors. Unlike prior work in the area, FANCI is not hindered by incomplete test suite coverage and thus is able to operate in practice without false negatives. Furthermore, FANCI reports low false positive rates: less than 1% of wires are reported as suspicious in most cases. All TrustHub designs were analyzed in a day or less. We also analyze a backdoor-free out-of-order microprocessor core to demonstrate applicability beyond benchmarks.
A Crisis Mitigation Policy for SLA Profit Maximization in Multitenant Database

SLAs (Service Level Agreement) are agreements negotiated by the multitenant database service providers and their tenants in order to measure the quality of database service. They rule the fee paid to the service providers if the SLAs are satisfied, and the penalty by the service providers if their database service violated the SLA constraint. In fact, resources are shared among different tenants in a cloud multitenant environment, and tenants usually have changeable workload pressure over time. To maximize the profit, it is important for database service providers to intelligently managing the usage of resources. This paper focuses on managing tenants' workloads for fixed resources of a distributed database. The system uses historical operation data of every tenant to learn a model that describes the resource consumption for each tenant. Based on the learned model the crises detecting module periodically collects the free resources state of every node and judge if it has crises. If crises are detected, the crises mitigating model plays its role by leveraging a revised sliding window algorithm to find a rational target node, the following workload of the crisis tenant will be dispatched to the target. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our crises mitigation policy.
REAL TIME MRI AND ARTICULATORY COORDINATIONS IN VOWELS

This paper describes the use of a real time MRI technique to study the coordination of articulatory movements during the production of vowels. The technique was also applied to study articulatory compensations during bite block experiments (Demolin et al. 1997). One of the main interest of this technique is to allow a detailed spatial description of the main articulators (lip protrusion and opening, jaw opening and retraction, dorsum position, velum opening, larynx height and tongue root advancement) during the production of a sequence of vowels. The technique is also applicable to study the coarticulation of consonants and vowels, but because it is still not possible to obtain a satisfactory sound coordination and because the frame interval is still a bit slow, this question will not be treated in this paper. Measurement accuracy on real time images is evaluated by comparison with similar measurements on static MR images.