Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Confessions o f a Used Program Salesman: Institutionalizing Software Reuse

Will Tracz, our esteemed editor and Used-Program salesman, has written an entertaining, non-technical book dealing with the practice (and lack of) of software reuse. Its a collection of essays, mostly rehashed (reused? ) and updated from various columns and papers published over the years. Its a short (a bit over 200 pages) easy reading and enjoyable book (I read most of it in one sitting). Some of the essays discuss what was printed in the past and a discussion of the current status of the points. One of the advantages of the book is it is a collection of short stories about reuse. Most of the chapters and stories within the chapters will hold up on their own, trying to make a point. The stories are easy to share with others-your manager and/or coworkers. There's a cartoon panel at the beginning of each chapter. I find the artwork quite interesting (I didn't find any credits for the artist except they were signed Wick). On of the short essays I find entertaining was called "My Personal Profiles of Programmer Personnel", where most programmers fit into one of the following classes: This is a book full of little lessons and pithy sayings. Sub-headings like "The most Important Quality of Reusable Software is that it is Quality Software" are sprinkled throughout. A little more of the productivity advantages of using "Lit-tle Languages" would have been in order, the best way to reuse software is not to have to deal with low-level software. The book also makes the important point "before you can reuse something, there has to be something to reuse. " Unfortunately , there is little said about the technical aspects of finding software on the Internet. My experience is this is more of a black art than programming, and is something which is fairly recent (the Internet is full of software to reuse). In a short book, there are a large number of important and humorous points made. There is an extensive bibliography about reuse, which practitioners will find very useful. I enjoyed reading it. If you think the software inspection process is an inexact one, then you need to read and implement the processes described this book. It begins with a self-assessment quiz of your current inspection/review process and then proceeds into a wealth of inspection process, documentation and anecdotal detail. The book covers the following aspects of software inspection: history, benefits …
Virtual rehabilitation in a school setting: is it feasible for children with cerebral palsy?

Abstract Purpose: To determine the feasibility of a school-based virtual rehabilitation intervention for children with cerebral palsy. Methods: A feasibility study was conducted using a mixed method approach. Participants were five children with cerebral palsy who were currently attending a rural school. Each child received an 8-week rehabilitation programme involving an Interactive Virtual Reality Exercise (IREX) system. The IREX was placed in the child’s school for the duration of the intervention. Each child’s programme was designed by a physiotherapist but supervised by a teacher aide at the school. Feasibility of the intervention was assessed through a questionnaire completed by the child and an interview conducted with the teacher supervisor. Results: The children all rated the IREX intervention as fun, easy to use, and beneficial for their arm. Categories from the supervisor interviews centred on resolving technical issues, the enjoyment of taking part due to the child’s progress, and the central role of interacting with the child. Input from the research physiotherapist was critical to the success of the intervention. Conclusions: The IREX is feasible to implement in a school-based setting supervised by teachers. This provides an option for delivering physiotherapy to children in isolated areas who do not receive on-going therapy. Implication for Rehabilitation Virtual rehabilitation programmes using the IREX are feasible in a school-based setting. The negative impact of technical difficulties is likely to be overcome by the user’s enjoyment and rehabilitation benefits gained. Input from a therapist in designing and monitoring the programme is critical.
Deciding to Institutionalize: Why Do Family Members Cease Caregiving at Home?

The primary purpose of this secondary analysis was to identify common themes from the statements of caregivers who ultimately decided to institutionalize their relative with Alzheimer or Parkinson disease. Content analysis of transcripts from caregivers (n = 11) who institutionalized their relative during their participation in a caregiver intervention study was performed. Two categories identified from the caregivers' stories were anticipating the inevitable and reaching the limit. The results of the descriptive analysis indicated that 3 to 4 months before institutionalization, caregivers discussed knowing that they would not be able to continue caring for their relative. The most frequent reasons for institutionalization were serious health events. The incidental finding that there were more institutionalizations in the Alzheimer disease participant group than in the Parkinson disease group may indicate that caregiving is more difficult for caregivers in Alzheimer disease than in Parkinson disease. This analysis contributes new and important information about the time interval between caregivers' anticipation of the need for alternative care arrangements and the subsequent placement in formal care. Nurses and other healthcare providers should be alert to the fact that when caregivers express anticipation of the need for change in care arrangements, it may be a signal for immediate assessment and referral to appropriate resources for assistance.
Constellation Program Mission Operations Project Office, Status and Support Philosophy

The constellation program mission operations project office (CxP MOP) at Johnson Space Center in Houston Texas is preparing to support the CxP mission operations objectives for the CEV/Orion flights, the Lunar Lander, and Lunar surface operations. Initially with the retirement of the Shuttle, the Orion will provide access to the International Space Station, then progress to the lunar missions. While initial CEV mission operations support will be conceptually similar to the Shuttle mission to ISS, we have set a challenge to support the Orion missions to ISS with 50% of the mission operations support currently required for Shuttle missions. Therefore, we are assessing more efficient ways to organize the support and new technologies which will enhance our operations support. This paper will address the status of our preparation for these CxP missions, our philosophical approach to CxP operations support, and some of the technologies we are assessing to streamline our mission operations infrastructure.
Symbiotic Evolutionary Algorithm, a Remedy for Linkage Problem

Recombination in Genetic Algorithms (GA) is supposed to extract the component characteristics from two parents and reassemble them in different combinations, hopefully producing an offspring that has the good characteristics of both parents, and this requires explicit chromosome and recombination, operator by design. This paper presents a novel evolutionary approach based on symbiogenesis which uses symbiotic combination instead of sexual recombination, and by using this operator, it requires no domain knowledge for chromosome or combination operator design. The algorithm is benchmarked on three problem sets: combinatorial optimization category, deceptive problems, and fully deceptive problems. The results, compared with that of standard genetic algorithm and symbiotic evolutionary adaptation model, show higher success rates and faster results.
System for Executing Encrypted Java Programs

An important aspect of protecting software from attack, theft of algorithms, or illegal software use, is eliminating the possibility of performing reverse engineering. One common method to deal with these issues is code obfuscation. However, it is proven to be ineffective. Code encryption is a much more effective means of defying reverse engineering, but it requires managing a secret key available to none but the permissible users. Adequate systems for managing secret keys in a protected trust-zone and supporting execution of encrypted native code have been proposed in the past. Nevertheless, these systems are not suitable as is for protecting managed code. In this paper we propose enhancements to these systems so they support execution of encrypted Java programs that are resistant to reverse engineering. The main difficulty underlying Java protection with encryption is the interpretation that is performed by the JVM. The JVM will require the key to decrypt the encrypted portions of Java code and there is no feasible way of securing the key inside the JVM. To solve this, the authors propose implementing a Java bytecode interpreter inside a trust-zone, governed by a thin hypervisor. This interpreter will run in parallel to the standard JVM, both cooperating to execute encrypted Java
Predicting CIN2+ when detecting HPV mRNA and DNA by PreTect HPV‐proofer and consensus PCR: A 2‐year follow‐up of women with ASCUS or LSIL pap smear

It has been suggested that human papillomavirus (HPV) testing improves follow‐up of atypical cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in cervical cancer screening programs. To evaluate the prognostic value of including HPV testing as an adjunct to cytology, we carried out a 2‐year follow‐up study of 77 women with ASCUS or LSIL Papanicolaou (Pap) smear in the Norwegian Cervical Cancer Screening Program (NCCSP) for detection of histological cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+. The study includes a comparison between viral mRNA and DNA detection. PreTect HPV‐Proofer was used for HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection from the 5 high‐risk types 16, 18, 31, 33 and 45, and Gp5+/6+ consensus PCR was used for HPV DNA detection. Twice as many women were positive for HPV DNA (54.6%) than for HPV mRNA (23.4%). PreTect HPV‐Proofer and consensus PCR had a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 42.1–99.6) for detecting CIN2+ during follow‐up. The specificity was significantly higher for PreTect HPV‐Proofer, 84.9% (95% CI = 73.9–92.5), than for consensus PCR, 50.0% (95% CI = 37.4–62.6). PreTect HPV‐Proofer positive women were 69.8 times (95% CI = 4.3–1137.3) more likely to be diagnosed with CIN2+ within 2 years than PreTect HPV‐Proofer negative women. Consensus PCR‐positive women were 5.7 times (95% CI = 0.6–52.0) more likely to be diagnosed with CIN2+ within 2 years than PCR‐negative women. With equal sensitivity and higher specificity than consensus PCR, the PreTect HPV‐Proofer might offer an improvement for the triage of women with ASCUS or LSIL Pap smear. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Assessment Procedure Involving Waveform Shapes for Pupil Light Reflex

The waveforms of Pupillary Light Reflex (PLR) can be analyzed in a diagnostic test that allows for differentiation between disorders affecting photoreceptors and those affecting retinal ganglion cells. This position paper proposes quantitative comparison metrics for waveform shapes using Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) descriptors (FDs), and another procedure for emphasizing stimuli and subject differences using MultiDimensional Scaling (MDS) and clustering, where dissimilarities between stimuli are defined using descriptors as waveform features. To determine the efficiency of the procedures, a set of PLR data from a conventional experiment for the determination of a melanopsin-associated photoreceptive system was analyzed. Though the captured data was based on single trial for the stimuli, and the number of samples was small, both characteristics of stimuli and subjects were quantitatively extracted using the proposed procedures. Therefore, the possibility of applying the procedures to clinical diagnostics using PLR was examined.
Regulated expression of TAF1 in 1-cell mouse embryos

Summary TATA binding protein (TBP) associated factor 1 (TAF1) is a member of the general transcription machinery. Interference in the function of TAF1 causes a broad transcriptional defect in early development. To explore possible roles of TAF1 in embryonic transcriptional silence and zygotic genome activation, we examined the expression of TAF1 in 1-cell mouse embryos. Using an immunofluorescence assay, TAF1 was not detected in embryos in the first few hours after fertilization. TAF1 appeared in pronuclei 6 h post-fertilization and reached a relatively high level before zygotic genome activation. These data show that besides TBP, another critical member of the general transcription machinery such as TAF1 is also absent or at an extremely low level at the outset of development. Combined deficiency in critical members of the general transcription machinery may account for embryonic transcriptional silence.
A mismatch-robust period-based VCO frequency comparison technique for ULP receivers

In this work we propose a mismatch-robust VCO frequency comparison circuit based on the absolute period-measurement of the two frequencies. The main idea of the work is to increase the overall calibration precision by employing a multiplexer in the input, thereby allowing both signals to use the same path including a single Time-to-Voltage Converter circuit (TVC). Ultimately, this would result in lower overall mismatch and better accuracy compared to the case where the current sources of the two different TVCs must be carefully matched. The simulated frequency error is found to be less than 0.8% after only 4 reference cycles. The proposed scheme is also simulated against Process, Voltage, and Temperature (PVT) variations.
Improved Bacterial Detection Using Immobilized Acyl-Lysyl Oligomers

ABSTRACT The global need to improve bacterial detection in liquid media has motivated multidisciplinary research efforts toward developing new approaches that overcome the shortcomings of traditional techniques. We recently proposed the use of oligomers of acylated lysyls (OAKs) in their resin-linked form (ROAKs) for the efficient, robust, and inexpensive filtration of bacteria. Here, to investigate the potential for the use of ROAKs in downstream applications, we first examined the capacity of ROAKs to capture bacteria as a function of environmental conditions and structure-activity relationships (SARs). We next assessed their ability to release the captured bacteria and then combined both abilities to improve real-time PCR outcomes. ROAKs were able to deplete liquid samples of bacterial content after incubation or continuous flow, illustrating the efficient capture of different bacterial species under a wide range of ionic strength and pH conditions. We also show circumstances for the significant release of captured bacteria, live or dead, for further analysis. Finally, the SAR study revealed a shorter ROAK derivative exhibiting a capture capacity similar to that of the parent construct but the increased recovery of ROAK-bound bacteria, enabling improvement of the detection sensitivity by 20-fold. Collectively, the data support the potential usefulness of a simple, robust, and efficient approach for rapid capture/analysis of bacteria from tap water and, possibly, from more complex media.
The Origin and Evolution of Life by Means of Endo-Exo Circulation

村瀬雅俊. 歴史としての生命 : 自己・非自己循環理論の構築. 京都大学学術出版会. 2000, 369-376. (ISBN: 4876984034)に所収。 付録3"自己・非自己循環理論の提唱"。
Hierarchical Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Chinese Messaging Spam Filtering

Messaging spam filtering is an important research area in the field of natural language processing (NLP). In this paper, we propose a hierarchical bidirectional long short-term memory network based approach for Chinese messaging spam filtering. Considering that a message consists of sentences and a sentence consists of words, we design a hierarchical architecture to generate the representation of a message that aggregates the information of each word in each sentence. Besides, we notice that the errors produced by Chinese segment may affect the performance of our model. So we use the unsegmented characters as input rather than the segmented words like most of the Chinese NLP models. The experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms most of the state-of-the-art methods on the dataset that is tagged manually by a online medical company. Meanwhile, we also show that the unsegmented character has better performance than segmented word in this task.
Learning Deep Representations for Scene Labeling with Semantic Context Guided Supervision

Scene labeling is a challenging classification problem where each input image requires a pixel-level prediction map. Recently, deep-learning-based methods have shown their effectiveness on solving this problem. However, we argue that the large intra-class variation provides ambiguous training information and hinders the deep models' ability to learn more discriminative deep feature representations. Unlike existing methods that mainly utilize semantic context for regularizing or smoothing the prediction map, we design novel supervisions from semantic context for learning better deep feature representations. Two types of semantic context, scene names of images and label map statistics of image patches, are exploited to create label hierarchies between the original classes and newly created subclasses as the learning supervisions. Such subclasses show lower intra-class variation, and help CNN detect more meaningful visual patterns and learn more effective deep features. Novel training strategies and network structure that take advantages of such label hierarchies are introduced. Our proposed method is evaluated extensively on four popular datasets, Stanford Background (8 classes), SIFTFlow (33 classes), Barcelona (170 classes) and LM+Sun datasets (232 classes) with 3 different networks structures, and show state-of-the-art performance. The experiments show that our proposed method makes deep models learn more discriminative feature representations without increasing model size or complexity.
Synergistic effects of FGF and non‐ridge ectoderm on gene expression involved in the formation of the anteroposterior axis of the chick limb bud in cell culture

Skeletal patterning of the vertebrate limb is controlled by the zone of polarizing activity (ZPA), apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and dorsal ectoderm. In the present study, to understand the involvement of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and non‐ridge ectoderm in anteroposterior (AP) axis formation, gene expression in chick limb bud mesenchymal cells in culture was investigated by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. It was found that Shh expression was locally maintained in the mesenchymal cells underneath and near non‐ridge ectoderm in coculture with the posterior mesenchymal cells and non‐ridge ectoderm in the presence of FGF‐4 by in situ hybridization. In Shh‐expressing anterior limb bud mesenchymal cells cultured with non‐ridge ectoderm, it was also discovered that Bmp‐2 was activated in the presence of FGF‐2, ‐4 and ‐8, while Hoxd‐13 was activated in the presence of FGF‐4 and that FGF‐2 had a similar effect but FGF‐8 did not. This result indicates that Hoxd‐13 activation by SHH depends on non‐ridge ectoderm and FGF‐2 or FGF‐4, and that there may be a difference in the effect on AP axis formation of the limb bud between FGF‐2, ‐4 and ‐8. Possible roles of these genes and signal molecules in AP pattern formation are discussed.
Basic linked data resource for temporal information

RDF Resources of calendrical periods such as date, month, and year were defined, and provided as Linked Open Data. These resources clarify the temporal ranges of various temporal expressions and enable their comparison on a common temporal axis, even if they are based on different calendars. These functions cannot be realized using only ISO 8601 (widely used as standard date expression). It is expected that these calendrical period resources will be applied to new and existing Linked Data, and bring new possibility into the Linked Data world.
Duloxetine: A Review of its Pharmacology and Use in Chronic Pain Management

Duloxetine is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that possesses antidepressant and pain-relieving properties. Compared with other antidepressants, it has a high affinity for both norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake transporters, which are relatively balanced. Analgesic onset has been observed within the first week of administration in randomized controlled trials and is likely obtained by enhancing the tone of the descending pain inhibition pathways of the central nervous system. Randomized trials have documented significant analgesic effects for managing chronic pain associated with fibromyalgia and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. Studies have also suggested that pain associated with major depressive disorder can be reduced with this medication. Modest effects for headache, osteoarthritic pain, and pain secondary to Parkinson disease have also been documented, but data are obtained from single-blinded or open-label trials that require further corroboration with larger randomized studies. Duloxetine has not yet been directly compared with other antidepressants or anticonvulsants for the treatment of pain syndromes.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Serum Leptin in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Objectives:Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly have altered nutrition and growth. Measurement of serum leptin may enhance other modalities to assess the nutritional state of children with IBD. The aim of the present study was to define the nutritional status of children with newly diagnosed IBD by measuring anthropometry and serum leptin levels. Patients and Methods:Twenty-eight children newly diagnosed with IBD and 56 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled prospectively. Anthropometry (weight, height, and body mass index [BMI] expressed as z scores) and serum leptin levels were measured. Results:The children with IBD had lower mean BMI z scores and weight-for-age percentiles than controls (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01, respectively). The mean (standard deviation) serum leptin levels of the children with IBD were 2.4 (±1.9) pg/mL, compared with 5.2 (±4.6) pg/mL for controls (P = 0.01). The BMI percentile correlated positively with leptin levels in both groups. Following adjustment for BMI percentiles, serum leptin levels were lower in children with IBD than in controls (P = 0.02). Leptin levels did not correlate with serum markers of inflammation or disease activity scores. Conclusions:Detailed and focused nutritional assessment should be an integral part of the management of all children with IBD. Children at the time of diagnosis of IBD have significant undernutrition and have lower serum leptin levels than controls. The inflammatory state in IBD appears not to alter leptin metabolism. Further study of the effect of leptin in IBD is required.
Balancing computational and transmission power consumption in wireless image sensor networks

The paper presents a methodology to reduce the energy consumption of visual sensor node in wireless sensor networks. This methodology, based on a balancing between processing and transmission tasks, can be applied in all those situations where subjective image based measurements are required. Considering that in a sensor node, the communication task is the most energy consumption, the proposed method tries to find the best compression ratio able to give a significant reduction of transmission time, returning adequate and objective image quality and compression time. Some results are presented applying the proposed methodology to the particular case study: the use of wireless visual sensors to the remote metering of water counters.