Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Specific Pharmacophore Model of Aurora B Kinase Inhibitors and Virtual Screening Studies Based on it

In this study, 3D‐pharmacophore models of Aurora B kinase inhibitors have been developed by using HipHop and HypoGen modules in Catalyst software package. The best pharmacophore model, Hypo1, which has the highest correlation coefficient (0.9911), consists of one hydrogen‐bond acceptor, one hydrogen‐bond donor, one hydrophobic aliphatic moiety and one ring aromatic feature. Hypo1 was validated by test set and cross‐validation methods. And the specificity of Hypo1 to Aurora B inhibitors was examined with the use of selective inhibitors against Aurora B and its paralogue Aurora A. The results clearly indicate that Hypo1 can differentiate selective inhibitors of Aurora B from those of Aurora A, and the ring aromatic feature likely plays some important roles for the specificity of Hypo1. Then Hypo1 was used as a 3D query to screen several databases including Specs, NCI, Maybridge and Chinese Nature Product Database (CNPD) for identifying new inhibitors of Aurora B. The hit compounds were subsequently subjected to filtering by Lipinski’s rule of five and docking studies to refine the retrieved hits, and some compounds selected from the top ranked hits have been suggested for further experimental assay studies.
HYPOFRACTIONATED CYBERKNIFE RADIOSURGERY FOR PERICHIASMATIC PITUITARY ADENOMAS: EARLY RESULTS

OBJECTIVERadiation therapy is recommended for pituitary tumors that are refractory to surgical and medical therapies. The efficacy of single-fraction radiosurgery is established for these lesions, but lesions within 3 mm of the optic pathway cannot be safely treated with doses higher than 8 to 10 Gy. We hypothesized that the optic nerve will tolerate 5 consecutive daily radiosurgery fractions of 500 cGy with effective tumor control. METHODSWe reviewed our first 20 patients with recurrent or residual pituitary adenomas within 3 mm of the optic chiasm treated with the CyberKnife radiosurgery system (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). Tumors were treated with a mean coverage of 97 ± 2.2% (range, 89.8–99.7%), a mean conformity index of 1.3 ± 0.2 (range, 1.1–1.6), and a mean treatment isodose line of 74.5 ± 6.6% (range, 60–86%). The primary end point was an interim analysis of visual preservation, and secondary end points were radiographic and endocrinological tumor control. RESULTSThe mean follow-up period for visual field testing was 26.6 ± 10.5 months (range, 10.6–41 months). The vision of all 14 patients with intact preoperative vision remained intact. Of the 5 patients with impaired vision, 2 remained stable, and 3 improved. No patient's vision deteriorated. The mean radiographic follow-up was 29.3 ± 8.6 months (range, 10.2–40.5 months). On magnetic resonance imaging, 12 tumors were stable, 8 were smaller, and none enlarged. CONCLUSIONThis preliminary study establishes that the optic nerve and chiasm tolerate CyberKnife hypofractionated radiosurgery of 5 × 500 cGy to perichiasmatic pituitary adenomas. Early data suggest that this dosing paradigm may achieve satisfactory radiographic and endocrinological tumor control for these challenging lesions, but longer follow-up is necessary to confirm these results.
PCR primers for 30 novel gene regions in the nuclear genomes of Lepidoptera

Abstract We report primer pairs for 30 new gene regions in the nuclear genomes of Lepidoptera that can be amplified using a standard PCR protocol. The new primers were tested across diverse Lepidoptera, including nonditrysians and a wide selection of ditrysians. These new gene regions give a total of 11,043 bp of DNA sequence data and they show similar variability to traditionally used nuclear gene regions in studies of Lepidoptera. We feel that a PCR-based approach still has its place in molecular systematic studies of Lepidoptera, particularly at the intrafamilial level, and our new set of primers now provides a route to generating phylogenomic datasets using traditional methods.
12.1 A 0.518mm2 quasi-current-mode hysteretic buck DC-DC converter with 3μs load transient response in 0.35μm BCDMOS

As more features have been added to mobile devices, it has become necessary to integrate more DC-DC converters into the power-management IC. Consequently, there is a growing need for an area-efficient and simple controller design for DC-DC converters. A simple hysteretic control without any additional component for compensation is a very attractive solution because it is not only cost-effective, but also immediately responds to load change. However, a conventional current-mode hysteretic controller with low-ESR output capacitor, shown in Fig. 12.1. 1, has an inherent trade-off between transient response and RC network time constant for emulating inductor current [1]. For instance, at a switching frequency less than several MHz, which is widely used in industry, the RC network occupies a relatively large die area because the capacitance CSEN of the network can be up to 100pF at a switching frequency of 1 MHz. Another issue with the hysteretic converter is its variable switching frequency, which leads to difficulty in designing an EMI filter [2]. To overcome these limitations, several state-of-the-art hysteretic converters have been reported that provide fast transient response and fixed switching frequency [2-5]. However, they suffer from noise due to the differentiator for amplifying ripple voltage [2], or need a large external or internal capacitor [3, 4], or generate high switching loss in the converter [5]. In this paper, we present an area-efficient quasi-current-mode hysteretic buck converter with fixed switching frequency. By employing a quasi inductor current emulator (QICE) with reset operation, the controller only uses a total internal capacitance of 3pF and provides fast transient response.
Iterative source/channel-decoding using reversible variable length codes

In this paper we describe a trellis representation of variable length coded data which is capable of being used for bit-level or symbol-level maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding of variable length codes (VLC). A bit-level soft-input/soft-output module is derived and is applied in an iterative decoding structure consisting of an outer variable length code and an inner convolutional code. Due to their inherent redundancy reversible variable length codes (RVLC) yield good results with this system. We present simulation results in terms of symbol error rate performance when the data is transmitted over a fully interleaved Rayleigh fading channel using BPSK modulation. As measure for the symbol error rate the Levenshtein distance is used which regards the self-synchronizing properties of variable length codes better than a simple symbol-by-symbol comparison.
Characteristics of peer models at a summer camp for children with autism

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to examine the openness, growth and loneliness of typical peers volunteering at a summer day camp for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the authors obtained descriptive data on the attitudes and behaviors of 38 adolescent peer buddies without disabilities volunteering at a summer camp for children with ASD using four short surveys. Surveys were given prior to the start of camp in an attempt to capture the attitudes and perspectives of the participants before they became more familiar with the characteristics of the children with ASD who were attending the camp. The authors examined if there were group differences on attitudes and behaviors based on age, gender and first-time volunteer versus returning volunteer peer buddy. Findings – The analysis showed that all volunteer peer buddies appeared open to interacting, playing and developing friendships with the child represented in the vignette with ASD. Participa.
Domain-Independent Quality Measures for Crowd Truth Disagreement

Using crowdsourcing platforms such as CrowdFlower and Amazon Mechanical Turk for gathering human annotation data has become now a mainstream process. Such crowd involvement can reduce the time needed for solving an annotation task and with the large number of annotators can be a valuable source of annotation diversity. In order to harness this diversity across domains it is critical to establish a common ground for quality assessment of the results. In this paper we report our experiences for optimizing and adapting crowdsourcing micro-tasks across domains considering three aspects: (1) the micro-task template, (2) the quality measurements for the workers judgments and (3) the overall annotation work(cid:29)ow. We performed experiments in two domains, i.e. events extraction (MRP project) and medical relations extraction (Crowd-Watson project). The results con(cid:28)rm our main hypothesis that some aspects of the evaluation metrics can be de(cid:28)ned in a domain-independent way for micro-tasks that assess the parameters to harness the diversity of annotations and the useful disagreement between workers. This paper focuses speci(cid:28)cally on the parameters relevant for the ’event extraction’ ground-truth data collection and demonstrates their reusability from the medical domain.
Recognizing Digressive Questions Using a Model for Interactive Generation for Interactive Generation

In expository discourse, people sometimes ask questions that digress from the purpose of the discussion. A system that provides interactive explanations and advice must be able to distinguish pertinent questions from questions that digress. It must also be able to recognize questions that are incoherent. These types of questions require different treatment. Pertinent questions must be answered to achieve the discourse purpose. If the user asks a digressive question, the system may need to shift the focus of the discussion back to the original purpose. Incoherent questions signal a more serious misunderstanding that requires clarification and repair. The Interactive Discourse Planner (IDP) is designed to plan text to describe and/or justify a domain plan interactively. As a testbed, IDP plans text to discuss driving routes. IDP uses questions from the user to recognize how to extend its own text plan in a way that both satisfies its listener and achieves the system's discourse goal. In the process of recognizing ways to expand its own text plan, IDP can detect three types of digressions that the user can initiate with a question.
On-line Hand Gesture Recognition to Control Digital TV using a Boosted and Randomized Clustering Forest

Behavior recognition has been one of the hot topics in the field of computer vision and its application. The popular appearance-based behavior classification methods often utilize sparse spatio-temporal features that capture the salient features and then use a visual word dictionary to construct visual words. Visual word assignments based on K-means clustering are very effective and behave well for general behavior classification. However, these pipelines often demand high computational power for the stages for low visual feature extraction and visual word assignment, and thus they are not suitable for real-time recognition tasks. To overcome the inefficient processing of K-means and the nearest neighbor approach, an ensemble approach is used for fast processing. For real-time recognition, an ensemble of random trees seems particularly suitable for visual dictionaries owing to its simplicity, speed, and performance. In this paper, we focus on the real-time recognition by utilizing a random clustering forest and verifying its effectiveness by classifying various hand gestures. In addition, we proposed a boosted random clustering forest so that training time can be successfully shortened with minimal negative impact on its recognition rate. For an application, we demonstrated a possible use of real-time gesture recognition by controlling a digital TV using hand gestures.
Allometric Scaling and Predicting Cycling Performance in (Well-) Trained Female Cyclists

Abstract As female cycling attains greater professionalism, a larger emphasis is placed on the ability to predict and monitor changes in their cycling performance. The main aim of this study was to determine if peak power output (PPO) adjusted for body mass (W · kg−0.32) accurately predicts flat 40-km time trial performance (40 km TT) in female cyclists as found in men. 20 (well-) trained female cyclists completed a PPO test including maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and a flat 40 km TT test. Relationships between cycling performance parameters were also compared to the cycling performance of 45 male cyclists. Allometrically scaled PPW (W · kg−0.32) most accurately predicted 40 km TT performance in the female cyclists (r=−0.87, p<0.0001) compared to any other method, however different slopes between the parameters were found in the female and male cyclists (p=0.000115). In addition gender differences were also found between the relationship between relative PPO (W · kg−1) and relative VO2max (ml · min−1 · kg−1)(p<0.0001), while no gender differences were found between actual and predicted cycling performance based on the Lamberts and Lambert Submaximal Cycle Test (LSCT), which was used a standardized warm-up. In conclusion, relationships between relative cycling parameters seem to differ between genders, while relationships between absolute cycling parameters seem to be similar. Therefore gender specific regression equations should be used when predicting relative cycling performance parameters.
Citizens against Europe? Civil society and Eurosceptic protest in Ireland, the United Kingdom and Denmark

This article seeks to broaden the study of Euroscepticism by developing a basic system of analysis for investigating civil-society-based opposition to European integration. Existing studies of Euroscepticism have almost exclusively focused on examining political parties and, as a result, theoretical approaches to understanding opposition to European integration have been strongly influenced by the party-based literature. By drawing from the body of work on both party-based Euroscepticism and European civil society, this article formulates a series of hypotheses and applies them to the case studies of Ireland, the United Kingdom and Denmark. Its main conclusion is that civil-society-based Euroscepticism generally conforms to the hard/soft model of opposition to the EU, but that this Euroscepticism is drawn from a more mainstream societal base than its party equivalent. Additionally, this study argues that civil-society-based Euroscepticism can be interpreted as a form of grass-roots civic engagement with the EU that mobilizes mainly around the salience of EU-related referendums
Employment, work involvement and mental health in less qualified young people.

Seven months after school-leaving 647 young people were interviewed. Path analysis was used to examine the predictors of unemployment and psychological well-being. It was found that young people were at risk of being unemployed if they had an unemployed father, few or no qualifications, low work motivation, and if they were West Indian. Young people who were unemployed, from social class 4 and 5, or female, had poor mental health as measured by the General Health Questionnaire. Work involvement moderated the relationship between employment status and mental health.
Group psychotherapy with incarcerated offenders: A research synthesis.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of group psychotherapy with incarcerated offenders. Meta-analytic techniques were applied to 26 empirical studies that used a treatment group versus a control group. The outcome measures assessed in this study included institutional adjustment, anger, anxiety, depression, interpersonal relations, locus of control, and self-esteem. The results indicate that positive treatment effects were found for the use of group psychotherapy with incarcerated offenders across all outcomes. Supplemental analyses were also included to identify factors that contribute to the efficacy of group psychotherapy and indicate that the use of homework exercises resulted in significantly improved outcomes. Furthermore, participants mandated to treatment did not negatively influence the efficacy of group psychotherapy. Quantitative research synthesis, or meta-analysis, is a set of statistical procedures that allow empirical research from many sources (e.g., research articles) to be integrated for the purpose of creating generalizations (Glass, 1976). Metaanalytic reviews have been frequently utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of correctional programs and to identify what types of treatment programs work with offenders (e.g., Andrews et al., 1990; Lipsey, 1990; Losel, 1995); however, none of these reviews have focused specifically on the use of group psychotherapy with offenders. Group psychotherapy became increasingly popular as a treatment approach with incarcerated offenders in the 1950s because “group therapy has shown itself to be of real institutional value” (Abrahams & McCorkle, 1946, p. 464), and, currently, approximately 20% of male inmates in state correctional facilities receive group psychotherapy services (Morgan, Winterowd, & Ferrell, 1999). Unfortunately, the increased use of group psychotherapy in the past 50 years has not resulted in a parallel increase in research regarding the efficacy of its use. In fact, only 16% of mental health departments in state correctional facilities conduct group psychotherapy research (Morgan, Winterowd, & Ferrell, 1999). Thus, questions regarding the effectiveness of group psychotherapy with incarcerated offenders remain unanswered.
The Role of Communicative Feedback in Successful Water Conservation Programs

The Sacramento County Water Agency has made available 2 water conservation programs to its customers. The Data Logger Program attaches the Meter Master Model 100 EL data logger to the customer's water meter for 1 week and provides a detailed report of water usage from each fixture. The Water Wise House Call Program provides findings and recommendations to participants after an hour-long house call by a trained water efficiency professional. This article reports on the effectiveness of these programs for a sample of 100 participating households. The results indicate that although both programs are effective, the Data Logger Program results in greater water conservation. The role of more informative communicative feedback to customers as an explanation for this finding is discussed. The findings emphasize the importance of providing information that target behavioral changes and the provision of timely feedback of the effect of the behavioral changes to the success of water conservation efforts.
Re-Framing the Rape Trial: Insights from Critical Theory about the Limitations of Legislative Reform

Abstract Through a close reading of a rape trial, this article discusses the seemingly intractable problem of the disconnect between rape law reform and the resilience of outdated common law practices being used in the courtroom. It is argued that certain requirements (the location of the event; a focus on resistance and the presence of injuries; recent complaint; and the underlying assumption of the untrustworthiness of the complainant) form a ‘rape schema’ which operate to distinguish the ‘true’ from the ‘false’ complaint of rape. Finally, this article turns to the insights of critical theory to think about how concepts of ‘readability’, intentionality and the performance of embodied knowledge by legal subjects might enable us to intervene differently in order to achieve justice for rape victims.
Effects of Androgen Treatment of Full-Grown Puberally Castrated Rats Upon Male Sexual Behavior, Intermale Aggressive Behavior and the Sequential Patterning of Aggressive Interactions

Testosterone propionate (TP) treatment of full-grown puberally castrated rats (500 μg/100 g body weight/day) for 21 days stimulated male sexual and intermale biting behavior significantly. A behavioral sequence analysis demonstrated that the hormonal treatment not only changed the behavior of the treated castrates, but also that of their intact non-treated male opponents. The TP-treatment tends to make the treated castrates behave more dominantly and less responsive to aggression-provoking behavior of their opponents. At the same time it tends to make the untreated opponents behave more submissively, by showing less aggression-provoking behavior and more aggression-diminishing behavior.
A patient position guidance system in radiation therapy using augmented reality

With the increased precision in dose delivery provided by highly conformal radiotherapy techniques such as intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), the requirement for accuracy in patient positioning for treatment is emphasised. This system uses augmented reality (AR) to allow the radiation therapist to visually guide the patient during positioning for treatment. It superimposes three-dimensional scan data acquired from the planning CT over a real-time view of the patient, which is obtained from a conventional webcam. The 3D data is positioned relative to AR tracking markers visible to the camera. Throughout development, the system was tested on a 30 cm wooden phantom in place of the patient. A CT scan was performed on the phantom to obtain 3D data, and a small scale test couch was set up to perform registration tests. Modifications to the position of the phantom on the test couch on the order of a millimetre have been visible.
Multimodal Sensor Analysis of Sitar Performance: Where is the Beat?

In this paper we describe a system for detecting the tempo of sitar performance using a multimodal signal processing approach. Real-time measurements are obtained from sensors on the instrument and by wearable sensors on the performer's body. Experiments comparing audio-based and sensor-based tempo tracking are described. The real-time tempo tracking method is based on extracting onsets and applying Kalman filtering. We show how late fusion of the audio and sensor tempo estimates can improve tracking. The obtained results are used to inform design parameters for a real-time system for human-robot musical performance.
Rough set and its application in Chinese spam filtering

Feature selection plays an important role in text categorization. Automatic feature selection methods such as document frequency thresholds (DF), information gain (IG), mutual information (MI), and so on are commonly applied in text categorization. Existing experiments show IG is one of the most effective methods. In this paper, a feature selection method is proposed based on Rough Set theory and according to Rough set theory, knowledge about a universe of objects may be defined as classifications based on certain properties of the objects, i.e. rough set theory assume that knowledge is an ability to partition objects. We quantify the ability of classify objects, and call the amount of this ability as knowledge quantity and then following this quantification we put forward a notion ”knowledge Gain” and propose a knowledge gain feature selection method (KG method)The task of spam filtering can be seen as a special problem of text classification. An effective and efficient feature selection method is important, which can be easily and effectively select the major features to attain the goal for anti-spam filtering. We explore 2 classifiers (Naive Bayes and SVM), and run our experiments on Chinese-spam collection show that KG performs better than the IG method, specially, on extremely aggressive reduction. We conclude that the KG feature method have a state-of-the-art performance for filtering spam, especially for Chinese spam emails.