Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A high-reliability data gathering protocol based on mobile sinks for Wireless Sensor Networks

With the booming development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), enormous surges of attentions have put to the research of mobile data gathering strategies for WSNs in recent years. In this paper, a high-reliability data gathering protocol based on mobile sinks (HRDG-MS) for WSNs is proposed. In the protocol, the mobile sinks move randomly and send BEACON packets periodically. Meanwhile, the sensor nodes that have route(s) to mobile sinks send DATA packets which include the state information of the nodes and their distance to mobile sinks. By the aid of DATA packet and BEACON packet, the whole network can establish and maintain the routing information without any extra route packet and location information. To achieve load-balance, three factors are taken into account when deciding the next-hop. What's more, in order to reduce the packet loss ratio caused by the mobility of sinks, two novel approaches are adopted in the proposed protocol, i.e. No-RouteBuffer mechanism and adaptive BEACON interval strategy respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing work in packet loss ratio.
A novel dual band and dual circularly-polarized multi-beam antenna based on Butler matrix

In this paper, a novel dual-band dual-circularly polarized beam-switched antenna has been proposed. The 4×4 microstrip Butler matrixes in L and S bands are used as the feeding network of the beam-switched antenna. By the method of simulation and optimization, the results indicate that this antenna system has low return loss, and can generate four beams covering ±60° working area seamlessly with the gain greater than 5dB. It can be widely applied to communication systems that require high gain and wide beam coverage.
Optimal Duplex Selection for Decode and Forward Relay Systems with Power Allocation

In decode and forward relay systems, choosing the duplex mode is an important factor to the performance. To satisfy the performance requirement, self-interference must be mitigated for the full-duplex relay (FDR), and the resource efficiency must be increased for the half-duplex ratio (HDR). Therefore, if a wise scheme to consider these two factors exists, decode and forward relay systems are used more effectively. This study proposes a new duplex selection scheme for decode and forward relay systems. The proposed duplex selection scheme chooses the better duplex mode according to the channel statistical conditions with optimal power allocation. The simulation results show that the proposed duplex scheme with optimal power allocation has lower outage probability than the FDR and the HDR.
A Bounded and Adaptive Memory-Based Approach to Mine Frequent Patterns From Very Large Databases

Most of the existing methods to solve the problem of association rules mining (ARM) rely on special data structures to project the database (either totally or partially) in the primary memory. Traditionally, these data structures reside in the main memory and rely on the existing paging mechanism of the virtual memory manager (VMM) to handle the storage problem when they go out of the primary memory. Typically, VMM stores the overloaded data into the secondary memory based on some preassumed memory usage criteria. However, this direct and unplanned use of virtual memory results in an unpredictable behavior or thrashing, as depicted by some of the works described in the literature. This problem is tackled in this paper by presenting an ARM model capable of mining a transactional database, regardless of its size and without relying on the underlying VMM; the proposed approach could use only a bounded portion of the primary memory and this gives the opportunity to assign other parts of the main memory to other tasks with different priority. In other words, we propose a specialized memory management system which caters to the needs of the ARM model in such a way that the proposed data structure is constructed in the available allocated primary memory first. If at any point the structure grows out of the allocated memory quota, it is forced to be partially saved on secondary memory. The secondary memory version of the structure is accessed in a block-by-block basis so that both the spatial and temporal localities of the I/O access are optimized. Thus, the proposed framework takes control of the virtual memory access and hence manages the required virtual memory in an optimal way to the best benefit of the mining process to be served. Several clever data structures are used to facilitate these optimizations. Our method has the additional advantage that other tasks of different priorities may run concurrently with the main mining task with as little interference as possible because we do not rely on the default paging mechanism of the VMM. The reported test results demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Locating experts using social media, based on social capital and expertise similarity

ABSTRACT Information and communication technologies boost knowledge activities, both within and across organizations, and in online communities. Determining how to effectively search for and find experts via social media has become a critical issue. Although social capital is a key driver of knowledge contribution, we have not addressed the issue of how to locate experts based on their social capital. Systems designed to locate experts typically recommend such experts based on keywords, thus failing to consider any semantic similarity between their areas of expertise and the problem domain (a.k.a., “expertise similarity”). The system designed and developed in this study recommends experts based on both their social capital and expertise similarity. We measure the social capital of experts based on their consultant service relationships and their friendships. We conduct a field experiment to evaluate user satisfaction and the system’s knowledge-contribution predictive capability. The results show that the proposed system is of high quality and delivers excellent information. Hence, users expressed their intention to use this system. In addition, the positive effect of social capital on the knowledge contribution is verified from the perspective of user behavior.
L’industrialisation : l’exemple du Creusot essai d’histoire des itinéraires individuels (1836-1881)

Lancee au debut des annees 1980, la constitution de cette banque de donnees individuelles s'inscrivait dans un triple mouvement : celui du developpement des etudes urbaines, en particulier de la formation des villes industrielles au xixe siecle, celui du reexamen des articulations entre le demographique et le social, enfin la reaction a l'essoufflement de la methode de reconstitution des familles qui avait conduit a l'accumulation des connaissances et a la notoriete de la demographie historiq.
Enzymic preparation of (3R‐cis)‐3‐(acetyloxy)‐4‐phenyl‐2‐azetidinone: a taxol side‐chain synthon

A key chiral intermediate [(3R‐cis)‐3‐(acetyloxy)‐4‐phenyl‐2‐azetidinone (2)] for the semi‐synthesis of paclitaxel (taxol; 5), an anti‐cancer compound, was prepared by an enzymic process. The stereoselective enzymic hydrolysis of cis‐3‐(acetyloxy)‐4‐phenyl‐2‐azetidinone (1) to the corresponding (S)‐(‐)‐alcohol (3) was carried out using various lipases. Lipase PS‐30 (Pseudomonas cepacia) and BMS (Bristol‐Myers Squibb) lipase (Pseudomonas sp. SC13856) catalysed hydrolysis of the undesired enantiomer of racemic compound 1, producing the (S)‐(‐)‐alcohol (3) and the desired (R)‐(+)‐acetate (2). Reaction yields of > 96% and optical purities of > 99.5% were obtained. For a very efficient enzyme source (BMS lipase), a lipase fermentation using Pseudomonas sp. SC13856 was developed. In a fed‐batch process using soybean oil, the fermentation resulted in 1500 units of extracellular lipase activity/ml. Crude BMS lipase (1.7 kg, containing 140,000 units/g) was recovered from the filtrate by ethanol precipitation. BMS lipase and commercially available lipase PS‐30 were independently immobilized on Accurel polypropylene. These immobilized lipases were re‐used (ten cycles) without loss of enzyme activity, productivity or optical purity of the product. The enzymic reaction process was scaled up to 75 and 150 litres using immobilized BMS lipase and lipase PS‐30 respectively. From the reaction mixture, compound 2 was isolated in 88‐90 mol% yield and 99.5% optical purity. A purity of 99.9 (area %) was demonstrated by g.c. for isolated compound 2.
PAGE ( SF 298 ) ( Continuation Sheet ) Continuation for Block 13 ARO Report

ENN: Extended Nearest Neighbor Method for Pattern Recognition [Research Frontier] Report Title This article introduces a new supervised classification method – the extended nearest neighbor (ENN) – that predicts input patterns according to the maximum gain of intra-class coherence. Unlike the classic knearest neighbor (KNN) method, in which only the nearest neighbors of a test sample are used to estimate a group membership, the ENN method makes a prediction in a “two-way communication” style: it considers not only who are the nearest neighbors of the test sample, but also who consider the test sample as their nearest neighbors. By exploiting the generalized class-wise statistics from all training data by iteratively assuming all the possible class memberships of a test sample, the ENN is able to learn from the global distribution, therefore improving pattern recognition performance and providing a powerful technique for a wide range of data analysis applications. ENN: Extended Nearest Neighbor Method for Pattern Recognition [Research Frontier] Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 61817.33-CS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE (SF298) (Continuation Sheet) Continuation for Block 13
Binding of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli to 32- to 33-kilodalton human intestinal brush border proteins

We have detected human intestinal brush border proteins to which Escherichia coli strains adhere by means of a blotting-nitrocellulose method in which the binding of radiolabeled bacteria to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-separated intestinal cell membranes was evaluated. The brush border fraction contained several polypeptides that bound only adherent E. coli strains. The most prominent and consistent of these proteins had apparent molecular masses of 32 to 33 kDa. Additional polypeptides ranging from 50 to 70, from 105 to 130, and from 180 to 200 kDa were also recognized by adherent E. coli strains, although with less intensity (in accordance with the number of bound bacteria to these polypeptides). Independently of the pattern of adherence (localized [LA], diffuse [DA], or aggregative [AggA]) all HEp-2-adhering strains recognized, with different intensities, the 32- to 33-kDa brush border proteins, whereas nonadhesive strains did not. The relative avidity of an LA strain to bind to the 32- to 33-kDa proteins was approximately seven- and sixfold higher than the binding of strains with aggregative and diffuse adherence, respectively. Thus, it is reasonable to think that LA, DA, and AggA strains have a common adhesin that mediates binding to the 32- to 33-kDa bands. Inhibition experiments using HEp-2 cells demonstrated that isolated 32- to 33-kDa proteins or specific antiserum blocked preferentially bacterial adherence of the LA pattern. Delipidization and protein digestion of the human brush borders confirmed that E. coli bound to structures of a proteinaceous nature. Deglycosylation studies and sodium meta-periodate oxidation of the intestinal cell membranes decreased bacterial binding activity significantly, indicating that E. coli bound to carbohydrate moieties in the glycoproteins. These results suggest that binding of E. coli strains, mainly of the LA phenotype, to the 32- to 33-kDa proteins could play a role in colonization through adherence to the intestinal mucosa.
Association of Gag-specific T lymphocyte responses during the early phase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and lower virus load set point.

T lymphocyte responses to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 Gag were measured in 9 patients by interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay at 3 time points within 12 months of infection. Patients with early recognition of HIV-1 Gag had lower subsequent HIV-1 load set points, as measured during the first 2 years of infection, compared with those of patients with undetectable Gag-specific responses (median, 4.27 vs. 5.05 log(10) HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, respectively; P=. 028). An inverse correlation existed between the magnitude of the Gag-specific responses and the HIV-1 load set point (r=-0.733; P=.025). Early sustained T lymphocyte responses to HIV-1 Gag may be important for the establishment of virus load set point.
Variable structure systems approach to friction estimation and compensation

Compensating for friction is considered in the paper using the variable structure systems approach. First, variable structure-based observers are developed for friction estimation in mechanical systems with or without information of velocity. The estimates are then used for a model-based feedforward compensation for friction. For a non-model based approach, a robust sliding mode controller can also be used to cancel the influence of friction. Sigmoidal functions are used in lieu of signum functions to reduce chattering. Simulation results verify the validity of the proposed technique to compensate for friction of both static and dynamic models.
A High Throughput Screen for Inhibitors of Fungal Cell Wall Synthesis

Fungal cell wall synthesis is essential for viability, requiring the activity of genes involved in environmental sensing, precursor synthesis, transport, secretion, and assembly. This multitude of potential targets, the availability of known agents targeting this pathway, and the unique nature of fungal cell wall synthesis make this pathway an appealing target for drug discovery. Here we describe the adaptation of an assay monitoring cell wall synthesis for high-throughput screening. The assay requires fungal cell growth, in the presence of the test compound, for 3 h before the cells are subjected to osmotic shock in the presence of a dye that stains DNA. Miniaturization of the assay to a 384-well plate format and removing a mechanical transfer led to subtle changes in the assay characteristics. Validation of the assay with a library of known pharmacologically active agents has identified a number of different classes of compounds that are active in this assay, causing aberrant cell wall morphology and in many cases the inhibition of fungal cell growth.
An Unsupervised Audio Segmentation and Classification Approach

This paper presents an unsupervised audio segmentation and classification approach. First, the multiple change-point segmentation is adopted, and a new feature named Mel-ICA is introduced to improve it. An audio type "uncertain" is proposed to represent mixed type. Three features of each sub-segment are extracted using Fourier and wavelet transform. Then, classification is performed over each sub-segment based on feature threshold, and the majority rule is applied to determine the final type. The experimental results have shown that the false alarm rate decreased using Mel-ICA, and high accuracy of classification achieved.
Managing Threat: Do Social‐Cognitive Processes Mediate the Link Between Peer Victimization and Adjustment Problems in Early Adolescence?

Peer victimization has been linked concurrently and over time with multiple adjustment problems. However, the reasons for this multi-finality in victimization are not well understood. The current study examines social-cognitive processes (hostile attributions, social perspective awareness, and interpersonal skills) as mediators of the relations between subtypes of peer victimization (relational, physical) and depression and anxiety, social withdrawal, and physical aggression in early adolescence. The overall pattern of associations among subtypes of victimization, social-cognitive processes, and adjustment converged with expectations that victimization biases adolescents' cognitions about peers in conflict situations and skills relating to peers. In turn, these cognitions and skills differentially compromised their ability to regulate diverse emotions or limit reticent behaviors in response to peer threats. Modest gender differences in these associations were found.
A Deep Learning Approach to Diabetic Blood Glucose Prediction

We consider the question of 30-minute prediction of blood glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring devices, using clinical data. While most studies of this nature deal with one patient at a time, we take a certain percentage of patients in the data set as training data, and test on the remainder of the patients; i.e., the machine need not re-calibrate on the new patients in the data set. We demonstrate how deep learning can outperform shallow networks in this example. One novelty is to demonstrate how a parsimonious deep representation can be constructed using domain knowledge.
Asians in America's Suburbs: Patterns and Consequences of Settlement*

Abstract. In an effort to provide a more complex and multifaceted understanding of the process of spatial assimilation, this article explores alternative paths in understanding racial/ ethnic minority residential patterns. It scrutinizes patterns of contemporary Asian Indian and Chinese settlement in two metropolitan areas: Austin, Texas and Phoenix, Arizona. Though not particularly evolved in terms of their Asian immigrant settlement or dynamics, Austin and Phoenix represent the growing number of newly emergent Asian centers throughout the nation that have developed with the rapid rise of immigration from these two countries in the past several decades. The analysis utilizes records from the 2000 census to document and map Asian Indian and Chinese settlement within each metropolitan area and to investigate whether‐and to what degree‐each group is clustered or dispersed. The article then raises important questions about the consequences of concentration and dispersal for the incorporation of Asian Indian and Chinese residents.
On the integration of software-defined and information-centric networking paradigms

Information-Centric Networks (ICN) is a communication paradigm that promises to transfer the Internet from a host-to-host communication network to a massive information delivery system, capable of supporting the future needs of the users. ICNs are based on three main concepts: content forwarding, in-network caching, and multicasting. To realize these three key concepts, Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as an important potential candidate, due to its ability to implement all network intelligence in a reprogrammable device known as the controller. However, the integration of these two networking paradigms presents many challenges. This paper studies these challenges and highlights key areas where more effort is needed from the research community. Particularly, the paper focuses on the architectural modifications necessary to incorporate SDN in ICN architectures, including the necessary modifications to the popular OpenFlow protocol. In addition, the paper studies several implementation challenges arising from the integration of SDN and ICN such as the need for a scalable and distributed SDN control that is highly responsive in meeting dynamic user requests, and the need for a semantic naming scheme for content that provides the users with a large degree of expressiveness in specifying their requests. The paper surveys key research efforts that address these challenges and highlights some promising solutions and open research problems therein.
The ecology, policy, and management of ants in Hawaii

Ants represent a wholly introduced component of Hawaiian ecosystems. The establishment of roughly 45 ant species over the past two centuries has wide rang- ing implications for agriculture, other sectors of the economy, and the conservation of native biodiversity. Although ants have received considerable attention in Hawaii, many questions regarding the factors that determine their distributions and influence pat- terns of species co-occurrence remain largely unexplored. More focus has been di- rected at their ecological effects, both in agriculture, where they tend pestiferous ho- mopteran insects, and in natural areas, where they can directly threaten native inverte- brates and vertebrates and indirectly impact native plants. Increased awareness of the negative repercussions of ant introductions in Hawaii has led to improvements in pre- ventative quarantine policy in the last decade, however agencies responsible for ant and other invasive species interdiction remain severely understaffed. Efforts to control or eradicate ant infestations for conservation purposes in Hawaii represent a recent development, and have so far met with variable success. Such efforts may also require a greater investment to improve results. The threat of other destructive ant species, such as the red imported fire ant, arriving in Hawaii underscores the importance of an early detection network and an established infrastructure ready for rapid response.
Towards the establishment of a cesium fountain clock at CENAM

The Time and Frequency Division of the Centro Nacional de Metrologia, CENAM, is currently developing a Cesium fountain frequency standard, which is called CENAM CsF-1. Early reports about the development of a Cs Fountain clock at CENAM have been made [1]. However, in this paper we report the design, construction and characterization of the main systems of the CENAM CsF-1 clock including the physical package, the local oscillator and the optical system. Also we report measurements of the number of trapped Cs atoms, atoms temperature measurements and characterization of the Sapphire oscillator used as local oscillator for 9.2 GHz generation.
The Concrete Complexity of LWE without Gaussian Sampling

The LWE problem is a widely used tool in cryptography because of the well hardness and cryptographic versatility. In consideration of efficiency, a variant of LWE---LWE uniform errors, is proposed with some related work. However, no conclusion has been given to the complexity analysis for the LWE without Gaussian sampling of restricted samples. By combining the attack methods of standard LWE problem, we expand them to the discussion of the variant successfully. As a result, the complexity analysis results are given, and the estimations of runtime are also provided.
A novel reactive ester derivative of biotin with reduced membrane permeability for in vivo biotinylation experiments

The in vivo perfusion of rodent models of disease with biotin derivatives and the subsequent comparative proteomic analysis of healthy and diseased tissues represent a promising methodology for the identification of vascular accessible biomarkers. A novel, triply charged biotinylation reagent, NHS‐β‐Ala‐(L‐Asp)3‐biotin, was synthesized and validated in terms of its applicability for in vivo protein biotinylation. Compared to sulfo‐NHS‐LC‐biotin, NHS‐β‐Ala‐(L‐Asp)3‐biotin exhibited a reduced membrane permeability and a preferential labeling of proteins localized in compartments readily accessible in vivo from the vasculature.