Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A study on an integrated neural network model of motor control and sensory reception systems

In general a neural information processing system consists of a motor control system and a sensory reception one. The former has been investigated frequently by a lot of researchers but the latter has not. Moreover integrated modelling of them seems to have been done even less. In this paper an integrated neural network model of motor control and sensory reception systems is discussed to investigate its signal processing ability, adaptability, and so on. But the most important thing in this study is how to develop sensorimotor coordination throughout the training phase. Some simulation studies are performed from these points of view. As the result, it is clear that an information processing ability and its adaptability are improved with a help of information integration.
Malt Quality Parameters of Finger Millet for Brewing Commercial Opaque Beer

This study compares malt quality parameters of finger millet and sorghum. The quality of malt consequently affects the quality of opaque beer produced. Certain parameters are analyzed before the malt is accepted for beer brewing. Grain samples of finger millet and sorghum were tested for germination energy before malting. The resultant malts were analyzed for moisture, diastatic power and free amino nitrogen. Finger millet achieved 100% germination while sorghum attained 99% germination in 3 days. After 5 days malting finger millet had higher moisture content (44%) than sorghum (48%). In terms of free amino nitrogen, finger millet had an average of 114.3 mg/L whilst sorghum had an average of 138.6 mg/L. Diastatic power for finger millet malt was lower (13.6 SDU/g) than that of sorghum malt (30.3 SDU/g). Finger millet has demonstrated a great potential to be used in the brewing of commercial opaque beer.
Simulating Colour Vision Deficiency from a Spectral Image

People with colour vision deficiency (CVD) have difficulty seeing full colour contrast and can miss some of the features in a scene. As a part of universal design, researcher have been working on how to modify and enhance the colour of images in order to make them see the scene with good contrast. For this, it is important to know how the original colour image is seen by different individuals with CVD. This paper proposes a methodology to simulate accurate colour deficient images from a spectral image using cone sensitivity of different cases of deficiency. As the method enables generation of accurate colour deficient image, the methodology is believed to help better understand the limitations of colour vision deficiency and that in turn leads to the design and development of more effective imaging technologies for better and wider accessibility in the context of universal design.
Parallel Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm for Solving Short-Term Hydro Scheduling Problem

In order to optimize hydro power plants generator scheduling according to 24-h system demand, a parallel self-adaptive differential evolution algorithm has been applied. The proposed algorithm presents a novel approach to considering the multi-population and utilization of the preselection step for the improvements of the algorithm's global search capabilities. A preselection step with the best, middle, and worst populations' individuals establishes the new trial vectors. This algorithm has been verified on two different models. The first one consists of eight power plants with real parameters, and the second one consists of four power plants, mostly used as a test model in scientific papers. The main goal of the optimization process is to satisfy system demand for 24 h with a decreased usage of water quantity per electrical energy unit. The initial and final states of the reservoirs must also be satisfied.
High-Performance GaN-Based LEDs With AZO/ITO Thin Films as Transparent Contact Layers

The Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/indium tin oxide (ITO) bilayer films were proposed as transparent contact layers (TCLs) for the fabrication of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In TCLs on the p-type GaN layer, the ITO film serves as the ohmic contact layer with the thickness of only 20 nm, whereas the 300–750nm AZO films act as the current spreading layer. At an optimal AZO thickness of 500 nm, GaN-based LEDs with AZO/ITO TCLs have a forward voltage of 3.36 V, an electroluminescence emission at 526 nm with highest brightness and a large light intensity of 386 mcd at 20 mA, which are almost the same as the commercial LEDs with a 300-nm ITO TCL. The 500-nm AZO/20-nm ITO bilayer films exhibit a high transparency above 90% in the visible region, but they display a low conductivity with resistivity $\sim 7 \times 10^{-3}~\Omega \cdot $ cm. The success of GaN-based LEDs with such a relatively high-resistivity electrode strongly demonstrates that the AZO/ITO film is a very effective and practical TCL on the p-type GaN layer. The indium-saving AZO/ITO TCLs may be actually a universal approach as p-type electrodes in high-performance GaN-based LEDs for commercially mass production with low cost.
Linkage and association analysis at the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) locus in a rigid‐compulsive subset of autism

Autism is a complex genetic neurodevelopmental disorder in which affected individuals display deficits in language, social relationships, and patterns of compulsive and stereotyped behaviors and rigidity. Linkage analysis in our dataset of 57 New England and 80 AGRE multiplex autism families reveals a multipoint heterogeneity LOD (HLOD) score of 2.74 at D17S1871 in 17q11.2. Analysis of phenotypic subsets shows an increased HLOD of 3.62 in families with compulsive behaviors and rigidity. The serotonin transporter locus (SLC6A4) maps nearby and is considered a functional candidate gene in autism and obsessive‐compulsive disorder. We genotyped an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the promoter (5‐HTTLPR), and seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the 38‐kb transcriptional unit. Transmission disequilibrium (TD) analysis reveals nominal association at a SNP in intron 5 (P = 0.02) as well as 5‐HTTLPR (P = 0.01), corresponding to over‐transmission of the short allele. TD analysis in the rigid‐compulsive subset shows no evidence for association. Intermarker linkage disequilibrium was determined. All SNPs define a single haplotype block, while 5‐HTTLPR lies 5′ to this block. Three SNPs are sufficient to detect all common alleles (≥5%) in this > 26‐kb block. Analysis of haplotypes for these markers demonstrates no evidence for association to autism. These data indicate that a common allele within the coding region of SLC6A4 is not responsible for the observed linkage. However, the presence of heterogeneous disease variants within the block or the existence of a common disease‐associated allele either upstream or downstream of this block is possible. In fact, such variants may well account for linkage to 17q11.2 in our families. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hierarchical MapReduce: towards simplified cross‐domain data processing

The MapReduce programming model has proven useful for data‐driven high throughput applications. However, the conventional MapReduce model limits itself to scheduling jobs within a single cluster. As job sizes become larger, single‐cluster solutions grow increasingly inadequate. We present a hierarchical MapReduce framework that utilizes computation resources from multiple clusters simultaneously to run MapReduce job across them. The applications implemented in this framework adopt the Map–Reduce–GlobalReduce model where computations are expressed as three functions: Map, Reduce, and GlobalReduce. Two scheduling algorithms are proposed, one that targets compute‐intensive jobs and another data‐intensive jobs, evaluated using a life science application, AutoDock, and a simple Grep. Data management is explored through analysis of the Gfarm file system.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Capacity Region of Two-Way Multi-Antenna Relay Channel with Analogue Network Coding

This paper studies the wireless two-way relay channel (TWRC), where two source nodes, S1 and S2, exchange information through an assisting relay node, R. It is assumed that R receives the sum signal from S1 and S2 in one time-slot, and then amplifies and forwards the received signal to both S1 and S2 in the next time-slot. By applying the principle of analogue network coding (ANC), each of S1 and S2 cancels the so-called "self-interference" in the received signal from R and then decodes the desired message. Assuming that S1 and S2 are each equipped with a single antenna and R with multi-antennas, this paper analyzes the capacity region of an ANC-based TWRC with linear processing (beamforming) at R. The capacity region contains all the achievable bidirectional rate-pairs of S1 and S2 under the given transmit power constraints at S1, S2, and R. We present the optimal relay beamforming structure as well as an efficient algorithm to compute the optimal beamforming matrix based on convex optimization techniques.
Brain source localization using SEEG recordings

L’EEG de surface permet l'etude spatio-temporelle de l’activite cerebrale avec une resolution temporelle elevee, cependant elle souffre de la forte attenuation du champ electrique propagee par l'os du crâne et de la presence de sources de bruits externes. De ce fait, nous souhaitons exploiter les mesures issues de la Stereo-EEG (SEEG). Cette modalite consiste en l'introduction d'electrodes d'enregistrement au plus pres des generateurs, beneficiant ainsi d'un rapport signal a bruit bien superieur a celui observe en EEG. Nous proposons ainsi dans cette these une etude de faisabilite de l'imagerie de sources a partir de ces mesures, basee sur une methode d'inversion de type dipole equivalent associee a un modele de propagation a une sphere, capable d'amener a une precision de localisation de l'ordre de quelques millimetres. A partir d'une implantation clinique usuelle de la SEEG, nous evaluons les performances de localisation lorsque differents sous-ensembles de capteurs sont consideres. En presence de bruit realiste, nous constatons que l'ajout de capteurs lointains peut amener a une degradation de la precision de localisation. Ces conclusions nous amenent a proposer une approche de selection des capteurs locaux dans le but d'optimiser la fiabilite des resultats. Les atouts et faiblesses de cette approche sont analyses dans un cadre de simulation realiste afin d'explorer de facon pertinente les differents parametres pouvant influer sur la qualite de resolution du probleme inverse. Les approches sont appliquees sur des enregistrements SEEG recoltes au CHRU de Nancy afin de confronter les methodes de localisation proposees a des mesures reelles
A Linked Term Bank of Copyright-Related Terms

A multi-lingual term bank of copyright-related terms has been published connecting WIPO definitions, IATE terms and definitions from Creative Commons licenses. These terms have been hierarchically arranged, spanning multiple languages and targeting different jurisdictions. The term bank has been published as a TBX dump file and is publicly accessible as linked data. Models for the RDF data structure are based on Lemon and W3C Recommendations. The term bank has been used to annotate common licenses in the RDFLicense dataset.
EPOXIDE ADDUCTS AT THE GUANINE RESIDUE WITHIN SINGLE-STRANDED DNA CHAINS: REACTIVITY AND STABILITY STUDIES

Emphasis was placed in this work on the assessment of structural and biological features of nucleobase adducts that result from the reaction of DNA with epoxide derivatives. Thus we have prepared and characterized a set of site-specifically modified oligonucleotides at N7-position of a guanine residue, upon reaction with diepoxibutane, with the purpose of further investigating some of their biochemical features. The stability of the lesion-containing DNA fragments has also been investigated and clearly shows that the latter modified oligomers may be used as substrates for in vitro enzymatic assays, aimed at determining the biological effects within cell of these chemically induced DNA damage.
On the use of a similarity function for test case selection in the context of model‐based testing

Test case selection in model‐based testing is discussed focusing on the use of a similarity function. Automatically generated test suites usually have redundant test cases. The reason is that test generation algorithms are usually based on structural coverage criteria that are applied exhaustively. These criteria may not be helpful to detect redundant test cases as well as the suites are usually impractical due to the huge number of test cases that can be generated. Both problems are addressed by applying a similarity function. The idea is to keep in the suite the less similar test cases according to a goal that is defined in terms of the intended size of the test suite. The strategy presented is compared with random selection by considering transition‐based and fault‐based coverage. The results show that, in most of the cases, similarity‐based selection can be more effective than random selection when applied to automatically generated test suites. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Project-Team Trec Theory of networks and communications

This NoE is focused on the next generation Internet. Its main target is to integrate the research effort of the partners to be a source of innovation and a think tank on possible scientific, technological and socio-economic trajectories towards the network of the future. EuroNF is supported by the theme "Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)" under the 7th Framework Programme of the European Community for RTD. Euro-NF is a continuation of EuroNGI 20 Activity Report INRIA 2011 8.3. 2. Collaborations in European Programs, except FP7 Participants: François Baccelli, Bartłomiej Błaszczyszyn, Marc Lelarge. EIT ICT Labs Action Line: Internet Technologies and Architectures. Project acronym: FUN Project title: Fundamentals of Networking Duration: January 2011 December 2011 Coordinator: INRIA TREC Partners: the partners are INRIA TREC and INRIA GANG (Fabien Mathieu) in France, VTT (Ilkka Norros, Samuli Aalto) and Aalto University (Pekka Orponen) in Finland, Eindhoven University (Sem Borst, Onno Boxma and Remco van der Hofstad) in the Netherlands. Abstract: The aim of this project is to build a community of researchers focusing on fundamental theoretical issues of future networking. The topics of interest include: communication theory, network information theory, distributed algorithms, self-organization and game theory, modeling of large random and complex networks and structures. The proposal builds upon collaborations within the EURONF Network of Excellence, where the three institutions are partners and where the researchers have had fruitful scientific interactions. 8.4. International Initiatives 8.4. 1. INRIA Associate Teams
Ablation of Succinate Production from Glucose Metabolism in the Procyclic Trypanosomes Induces Metabolic Switches to the Glycerol 3-Phosphate/Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Shuttle and to Proline Metabolism*

Trypanosoma brucei is a parasitic protist that undergoes a complex life cycle during transmission from its mammalian host (bloodstream forms) to the midgut of its insect vector (procyclic form). In both parasitic forms, most glycolytic steps take place within specialized peroxisomes, called glycosomes. Here, we studied metabolic adaptations in procyclic trypanosome mutants affected in their maintenance of the glycosomal redox balance. T. brucei can theoretically use three strategies to maintain the glycosomal NAD+/NADH balance as follows: (i) the glycosomal succinic fermentation branch; (ii) the glycerol 3-phosphate (Gly-3-P)/dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) shuttle that transfers reducing equivalents to the mitochondrion; and (iii) the glycosomal glycerol production pathway. We showed a hierarchy in the use of these glycosomal NADH-consuming pathways by determining metabolic perturbations and adaptations in single and double mutant cell lines using a combination of NMR, ion chromatography-MS/MS, and HPLC approaches. Although functional, the Gly-3-P/DHAP shuttle is primarily used when the preferred succinate fermentation pathway is abolished in the Δpepck knock-out mutant cell line. In the absence of these two pathways (Δpepck/RNAiFAD-GPDH.i mutant), glycerol production is used but with a 16-fold reduced glycolytic flux. In addition, the Δpepck mutant cell line shows a 3.3-fold reduced glycolytic flux compensated by an increase of proline metabolism. The inability of the Δpepck mutant to maintain a high glycolytic flux demonstrates that the Gly-3-P/DHAP shuttle is not adapted to the procyclic trypanosome context. In contrast, this shuttle was shown earlier to be the only way used by the bloodstream forms of T. brucei to sustain their high glycolytic flux.
A Combined Proteomics and Metabolomics Profiling of Gastric Cardia Cancer Reveals Characteristic Dysregulations in Glucose Metabolism*

Gastric cardia cancer (GCC), which occurs at the gastric-esophageal boundary, is one of the most malignant tumors. Despite its high mortality and morbidity, the molecular mechanism of initiation and progression of this disease is largely unknown. In this study, using proteomics and metabolomics approaches, we found that the level of several enzymes and their related metabolic intermediates involved in glucose metabolism were deregulated in GCC. Among these enzymes, two subunits controlling pyruvic acid efflux, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and pyruvate dehydrogenase B (PDHB), were further analyzed in vitro. Either down-regulation of LDH subunit LDHA or overexpression of PDH subunit PDHB could force pyruvic acid into the Krebs cycle rather than the glycolysis process in AGS gastric cancer cells, which inhibited cell growth and cell migration. Our results reflect an important glucose metabolic signature, especially the dysregulation of pyruvic acid efflux in the development of GCC. Forced transition from glycolysis to the Krebs cycle had an inhibitory effect on GCC progression, providing potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
Feature vector of binary image using Freeman Chain Code (FCC) representation based on structural classifier

This paper presents a recognition system for English Handwritten that utilized Freeman Chain Code (FCC) as data representation. There are 544 features were extracted from character images that used six techniques to extract the features. Before extracting the features, thinning algorithm was applied to the original image to produce a Thinned Binary Image (TBI). A feed forward back propagation neural network was used as classification. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database are used in the experiment. The accuracy yielded from the system is 87.34%.
Critical Role of Smads and AP-1 Complex in Transforming Growth Factor-β-dependent Apoptosis*

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induces not only cell growth inhibition but also apoptosis in hepatocytes, myeloid cells, and epithelial cells. Although Smad proteins are identified as key signal transducers in TGF-β1-dependent growth inhibition, their roles in the induction of apoptosis are unclear. We show here that both Smad proteins and AP-1 complex are involved in TGF-β1 signaling for apoptosis. Overexpression of a dominant-negative Smad3 mutant or Smad7, both of which impair Smad-mediated signal transduction, inhibits TGF-β1-dependent apoptosis. Only the JunD·FosB form of the AP-1 complex is markedly activated during TGF-β1-dependent apoptosis. FosB substantially enhances Smad3·Smad4-dependent transcription, and dominant-negative FosB blocks TGF-β1-dependent apoptosis but not growth inhibition. Expression of JunD·FosB enhances induction of apoptosis by TGF-β1. Moreover, JunD·FosB binds to the 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate-responsive gene promoter element and recruits Smad3·Smad4 to form a multicomponent complex. These results suggest that Smad proteins and AP-1 complex synergize to mediate TGF-β1-dependent apoptosis.
Fabrication of a monolithic carbon mold for producing a mixed-scale PDMS channel network using a single molding process

We introduce a novel batch fabrication technique of a monolithic carbon mold for producing a mixed-scale polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel network consisting of nanochannels and microchannels with micro-pillars. Nanofluidics has attracted much attention because of their distinguishing properties. However, the research on the nanofluidics is limited by complex nanofabrication techniques. In this paper, a mixed-scale monolithic carbon mold was simply fabricated using a batch carbon-MEMS process consisting of two successive UV-lithography processes and a single pyrolysis. Then, PDMS channel networks was completed by soft molding process. By modulating pyrolysis conditions, the surface energy of the pyrolyzed carbon mold could be optimized for efficient PDMS channel demolding.
The molecular interplay between endocannabinoid and neurotrophin signals in the nervous system and beyond

Neurotrophins are traditionally known for their roles in neuronal development, function and survival. More recent data has highlighted the importance of neurotrophin signalling in adult signalling contexts, including the regulation of synaptic transmission. In addition, neurotrophin levels are increased in inflammatory and neuropathic pain leading to sensitization to painful stimuli. Endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling was initially studied in the context of synaptic transmission and pain alleviation whilst recently gaining attention due to its involvement in the development of the nervous system. Similar to neurotrophins, eCB levels also rise during pain perception but result in diminished pain sensations. The overlap of cellular functions between neurotrophins and eCB signalling leads to the hypothesis that these signalling systems are positioned to regulate each other and narrow the multitude of actions that both systems can promote to the specific need of the cell. Therefore, in this review, we examine to what extent the involvement of these two signalling systems is co‐ordinated as opposed to being coincidental, and causal to neuronal circuit modifications in pain. Available data point to numerous direct molecular interactions between the neurotrophin and eCB signalling systems in developmental and adult contexts, including receptor‐level interplay, transcriptional control and synergistic regulation of downstream signalling cascades. Although experimental observations specifically in pain circuits are limited, the universality of downstream signalling systems from both neurotrophin and endocannabinoid receptors suggest an interdependent relationship between these two diverse signalling systems.
Analysis of MOSFET failure modes in bi-directional phase-shift full-bridge converters

This paper presents the analysis of the mechanism of failure modes in bi-directional phase-shift full-bridge converters, composed of MOSFET, based on the circuit operation and parameters considering parasitic components of MOSFET. In addition, the relation between circuit operation and parameters are suggested through the experimental comparison. Using the relation, the suitable ranges of parameters for the stable performance are analyzed. The design criteria of the bi-directional phase-shift full-bridge converter are presented and evaluated by the experimental verification.