Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expert Recommendations Based on Opinion Mining of User‐Generated Product Reviews

In this article, we introduce the idea of expert recommendations whose objective is to relate review comments with users’ tasks or expectations. We propose to use fine‐grained information such as opinions and suggestions extracted using natural language processing techniques from user reviews about products, to improve a recommendation system. While typical recommender systems compare a user profile with some reference characteristics to rate unseen items, they rarely make use of the content of reviews that users have provided on a given product. In this article, we present the application of an opinion extraction system to extract opinions and suggestions from the content of the reviews, the use of the results to compare other products with the reviewed one, and eventually the recommendation of better products to the user. The recommendations are given a confidence weight by using a trust social network.
Social Class and The Locus of Reciprocity in Relationships With Adult Children

This study examines the relationship between patterns of reciprocal and asymmetrical intergenerational aid and the parent's rating of the quality of their relationships with adult children, posing two questions: Is there an identifiable pattern of specific substantive exchanges that contributes most to high relationship ratings? And is this distinctive locus of reciprocity different in blue-collar and white-collar families? Using a large, representative sample of U.S. parents with adult children, we examine these issues by testing competing models of reciprocal and asymmetrical exchanges between parent and child. Findings indicate that white-collar families are somewhat more involved in all types of exchanges, including instrumental assistance, and that the link between reciprocity and positive relationship ratings is stronger in these families than among blue-collar families. Asymmetrical instrumental assistance from parent to child is associated with lower ratings among blue-collar families, and financial assistance from parent to child appears to lower relationship ratings in white-collar families.
Never Been KIST: Tor's Congestion Management Blossoms with Kernel-Informed Socket Transport

Tor's growing popularity and user diversity has resulted in network performance problems that are not well understood. A large body of work has attempted to solve these problems without a complete understanding of where congestion occurs in Tor. In this paper, we first study congestion in Tor at individual relays as well as along the entire end-to-end Tor path and find that congestion occurs almost exclusively in egress kernel socket buffers. We then analyze Tor's socket interactions and discover two major issues affecting congestion: Tor writes sockets sequentially, and Tor writes as much as possible to each socket. We thus design, implement, and test KIST: a new socket management algorithm that uses real-time kernel information to dynamically compute the amount to write to each socket while considering all writable circuits when scheduling new cells. We find that, in the medians, KIST reduces circuit congestion by over 30 percent, reduces network latency by 18 percent, and increases network throughput by nearly 10 percent. We analyze the security of KIST and find an acceptable performance and security trade-off, as it does not significantly affect the outcome of well-known latency and throughput attacks. While our focus is Tor, our techniques and observations should help analyze and improve overlay and application performance, both for security applications and in general.
What Determines Rule of Law? An Empirical Investigation of Rival Models

In the growing literature on the creation of institutions, the theories emphasizing colonial origin (Mauro, 1995), legal origin and religious affiliation (La Porta et al., 1999), Western European influence (Hall and Jones, 1999), and settler mortality (Acemoglu et al., 2001), have been especially influential. The validity and influence of these studies rests heavily on empirical modeling, which, since the theories are obviously closely related, might actually capture the same primary mechanism. It is therefore unclear whether the empirical relationships found are the same or if they are different. Therefore, this paper takes the empirical models seriously in order to discriminate among the existing models and to identify the model and variables that best explain the variation in institutional quality. The aim of this paper is thus to provide answers to the following questions: (i) Is there one model which explains more of the variation in institutional quality than the other models? (ii) Do these models capture the same information? And (iii), if we let the information in the data decide, which combination of variables would be selected?
Faults classification of induction machine using an improved ant clustering technique

In this paper, a new approach is applied to solve classification problems for the diagnosis of faults in induction motors. This new method finds its origins in works on the unsupervised classification algorithms based on ant clustering and the heuristic principles of the K-means algorithm and the principal components analysis (PCA). The main advantage is that requires no information about the system or about a possible number of classes. The proposed algorithm is evaluated in the Benchmark data set (IRIS) and applied to the diagnosis of a squirrel-cage induction motor of 5.5 kW in order to clustering data sets and verify the fault detection capability. The obtained results prove the efficiency of this method for the monitoring of electrical machines.
Linear Discriminant Analysis in Clinical Neuropsychology Research

Abstract This paper reviews the use of Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) in clinical neuropsychology research. The basic neuropsychological questions addressed by the method, the special problems and requirements for its use, and likely outcomes are described in detail. Recommendations regarding employment of commonly available LDA computer programs are made for the researcher. Careful attention to the assumptions and decisions inherent in LDA programs could enhance its value in clinical research.
Inequality of Opportunity in Japan: A behavioral genetic approach

This study examined the extent to which the inequality of opportunity exists in Japan, using a classical twin design. Participants were 1,006 working, male twins (738 identical and 268 fraternal twins; age 20–60) recruited via a web-based survey. Participants responded to the questions of academic achievement at the ninth grade, years of education, and annual income. Univariate genetic analyses revealed that individual differences in each of the three variables are substantially influenced by the following factors: genetic (27%–35%), family environment (34%–47%), and individual-specific environment (26%–30%). Gene-environment interaction analyses revealed that genetic and environmental etiologies of education and income differ across age/cohort; for education, genetic influences are weaker and family environmental influences are stronger in the older age/cohort, whereas for income, the former is stronger and the latter is weaker for the older age/cohort. Finally, multivariate genetic analyses revealed that family environmental factors unrelated with academic achievement exert strong influences on income, in part, via education. These results suggest that inequality of opportunity exists among Japanese males even when genetic influences are controlled for. This paper discusses the need for future research on the inequality of opportunity, using a genetically informative design.
Screening of a library of phage-displayed peptides identifies human bcl-2 as a taxol-binding protein.

A random library of phage displayed peptides was screened for binding to a biotinylated derivative of paclitaxel (Taxol). Affinity-selected peptides were analyzed for similarity to human proteins. There was no significant similarity between the paclitaxel-selected peptides and tubulin. However, a subset of the peptides was identified that exhibits significant similarity to a non-conserved region of the anti-apoptotic human protein Bcl-2: ELISA assays confirmed binding of paclitaxel to Bcl-2, and circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrated that a substantial conformational change accompanies this binding. In vivo, treatment with paclitaxel has been shown to lead to Bcl-2 inactivation with concomitant phosphorylation of residues in a disordered, regulatory loop region of the protein. Similarity between paclitaxel-selected peptides and this loop region implicate these residues in drug binding, and suggest that the apoptotic action of paclitaxel may involve the binding of paclitaxel to Bcl-2. These results demonstrate that peptides displayed on the surface of bacteriophage particles can mimic the ligand-binding properties of disordered regions of proteins.
esign and experimental characterization of a tunable vibration-based lectromagnetic micro-generator

Vibration-based micro-generators, as an alternative source of energy, have become increasingly significant in the last decade. This paper presents a new tunable electromagnetic vibration-based micro-generator. Frequency tuning is realized by applying an axial tensile force to the micro-generator. The dimensions of the generator, especially the dimensions of the coil and the air gap between magnets, have been optimized to maximize the output voltage and power of the micro-generator. The resonant frequency has been successfully tuned from 67.6 to 98 Hz when various axial tensile forces were applied unable icro-generator lectromagnetic ibration energy harvesting to the structure. The generator produced a power of 61.6–156.6 W over the tuning range when excited at vibrations of 0.59 m s−2. The tuning mechanism has little effect on the total damping. When the tuning force applied on the generator becomes larger than the generator’s inertial force, the total damping increases resulting in reduced output power. The resonant frequency increases less than indicated from simulation and approaches that of a straight tensioned cable when the force associated with the tension in the beam becomes much greater than the beam stiffness. The test results agree with the theoretical analysis presented.
Putting People in the Picture: Art and Aesthetics in Photography and in Understanding Organizational Life

This article considers both the common ground and the diversity between the aesthetic approach to the study of organizational life and conceptual art photography. Based on a personal account, it emphasizes the empathic-aesthetic understanding of action in interactive organizational contexts. The issues addressed are the social construction of organizational memory, the importance of time in organizational life, the interweaving between the reality and non reality of organizational artefacts, the pervasiveness of organizational reproduction, the relation between the `I' and the `eye' in the investigation of organizational processes, the improper use of organizational production, and the relationships between the collective and social construction of creativity niches.
A Dynamic Programming Approach to Sequential Pattern Recognition

This paper presents the dynamic programming approach to the design of optimal pattern recognition systems when the costs of feature measurements describing the pattern samples are of considerable importance. A multistage or sequential pattern classifier which requires, on the average, a substantially smaller number of feature measurements than that required by an equally reliable nonsequential classifier is defined and constructed through the method of recursive optimization. Two methods of reducing the dimensionality in computation are presented for the cases where the observed feature measurements are 1) statistically independent, and 2) Markov dependent. Both models, in general, provide a ready solution to the optimal sequential classification problem. A generalization in the design of optimal classifiers capable of selecting a best sequence of feature measurements is also discussed. Computer simulated experiments in character recognition are shown to illustrate the feasibility of this approach.
Psychosocial Aspects of Korean Reunification: Explicit and Implicit National Attitudes and Identity of South Koreans and North Korean Defectors

Two studies investigated the explicit and implicit attitudes toward, and identification with, South and North Korea by a sample of South Koreans and North Koreans who voluntarily defected to the South. North Korean defectors showed (a) more positive evaluations of South Korea on explicit self-report measures, but more favorable evaluations of the North on an implicit measure, and (b) on average, North-South neutral identity on an explicit measure, but stronger self-association with the North on an implicit measure. In contrast, South Koreans indicated consistently positive attitudes toward, and identification with, the South on both explicit and implicit measures. Implications of these findings for Korean unification are discussed.
Experiences in simulating multi-agent systems using TAEMS

As researchers in multi-agent systems, we hope to build, deploy, and most importantly evaluate multi-agent systems in real, open environments. Unfortunately, working in such environments usually implies we expend significant energy on resolving issues orthogonal to the initial goals of the research, such as dealing with the knowledge engineering and low-level system integration issues. To avoid such overhead many researchers choose to implement, test and evaluate their multi-agent systems in a simulated world. In addition to providing a better-defined and predictable debugging environment, a good simulator can also help evaluate and quantify aspects of multi-agent system and multi-agent coordination in a controlled environment through repeated experiments. We report on experiences in simulating multi-agent systems using TAEMS. TAEMS is a task modeling language that can be used to represent agent activities. It models planned actions, candidate activities, and alternative solution paths from a quantified perspective, by using a task decomposition tree. In this design, the root nodes of the structure, or task groups, represent goals the agent can achieve. Internal nodes, or tasks, represent sub-goals and provide the organizational structure for primitive executable methods, which reside at the leaves of the tree. Each method is characterized along three dimensions: quality, which the agent hopes to maximize, cost, which the agent tries to minimize, and duration, which describes the time required to executing the method. The dimensions themselves are discrete distributions, so each probability/value pair represents a potential result for the characteristic in question.
Practical Trade-offs in Robust Target Following

This article discusses two Lyapunov based robust target following techniques and introduces a method based on the superposition of elementary vehicle dynamics. All three approaches are discussed and physically tested together with a known Lyapunov method for closed loop control. Emphasis is given on the discussion of distinguishing features and parameters relevant for practical selection of target following methods, where manoeuvring space, velocities and accelerations are strictly limited. Uncertain position information and limitations in accuracy and available computational power are especially considered. All discussed results are measured in physical experiments.
Prediction of onset of south west monsoon using multiple regression

Indian economy and agriculture is dependent upon the performance of southwest monsoon. In view of the importance of monsoon, a methodology is developed to predict the onset date of southwest monsoon over Kerala, the first entry point of southwest monsoon over Indian main land mass based on the weather data for the period of 1971 to 2012. Here multiple regression method is employed to forecast the onset dates. The data for the period 1971-2000 is used for model development period and the data for 2001-2012 is used to test the model. The model error of multiple regression method is 0.00 for the development period -0.5 for the testing period respectively. The standard deviation (SD) of the actual onset is 6.6039 and our system has error less than this SD and hence proves to be efficient.
The Association of 25 Hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone with Metabolic Syndrome in Two Ethnic Groups in South Africa

Introduction Though inconsistent, a number of studies have shown an association between vitamin D (25(OH)D) status, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the metabolic syndrome (Met S). These have largely been carried out in Caucasians or black subjects living in high income countries. There no data on the relationship of 25(OH)D and PTH status with Met S in populations resident in Africa. The aims of this study were to evaluate if there was an association of 25(OH)D or PTH with Met S in non-Caucasian populations in South Africa, and whether these molecules explained ethnic differences in the prevalence of Met S and its individual components. Methods We measured anthropometry, serum 25(OH)D and PTH levels and the components of Met S, plus related metabolic variables, in 374 African and 350 Asian Indian healthy adults from the greater Johannesburg metropolitan area. Results Met S was diagnosed in 29% of the African and 46% of the Asian Indian subjects (p<0.0001). Subjects with Met S had higher PTH than those without Met S, (p<0.0001), whilst 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different (p = 0.50). In multivariate analysis, 25(OH)D was not associated with any components of the Met S however PTH was shown to be positively associated with systolic (p = 0.018) and diastolic (p = 0.005) blood pressures and waist circumference (p<0.0001) and negatively associated with HOMA (p = 0.0008) levels. Logistic regression analysis showed that Asian Indian ethnicity (OR 2.24; 95% CIs 1.57, 3.18; p<0.0001) and raised PTH (OR 2.48; 95% CIs 1.01, 6.08; p = 0.04; adjusted for 25(OH)D) produced an increased risk of Met S but 25(OH)D did not (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.67, 2.24; p = 0.48). Conclusions Plasma PTH but not 25(OH)D is an independent predictor of the Met S in African and Asian Indians in South Africa.
Fusing time-dependent web table data

A subset of the HTML tables on the Web contains relational data. The data in these tables covers a multitude of topics and is thus very useful for complementing or validating cross-domain knowledge bases, such as DBpedia, YAGO, or the Google Knowledge Graph. A large fraction of the data in these knowledge bases is time-dependent, meaning that the correctness of an attribute value depends on a point in time. Fusing data from web tables in order to determine correct values for time-dependent attributes is challenging as most web tables do not contain timestamp information. A possibility to deal with this sparsity is to exploit timestamps which appear in different locations on the web page around the table. But as these timestamps might not apply to the web table value in question, this approach introduces noise. This paper investigates the extent to which the performance of data fusion strategies that rely on voting, PageRank, and Knowledge-Based-Trust can be improved by incorporating noisy and sparse timestamp information. For this, we present a machine-learning-based approach which considers different types of noisy timestamps in the data fusion process, and experiment with propagating timestamp information between web tables in order to overcome sparsity. We evaluate the data fusion strategies using a large public corpus of web tables and a public gold standard of time-dependent attribute values. We find that our methods effectively choose and weigh timestamp information per attribute and reduce sparsity using propagation. By incorporating timestamp information into data fusion strategies that previously did not exploit temporal meta information, we are able to increase F1-measure on average by 5%.
Validity and reliability of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment scale among primary informal caregivers for older persons in Singapore

Previous studies evaluating the validity and reliability of the Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) scale (24 items; five subscales: schedule, health, finances, family support, and esteem) in different countries are not fully congruent. This article assesses the validity and reliability of the CRA among informal caregivers of older persons in Singapore. Data from a national survey of 1190 primary informal caregivers of Singaporeans aged ≥75 years with ≥1 activity of daily living limitation was analyzed. Fit of the five-factor model was tested in half of the sample using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the other half subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The CRA was modified accordingly and again subjected to CFA. The CRA's measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) across language of administration (Chinese/English/Malay) was assessed. CFA showed a poor fit for the five-factor model. EFA suggested the presence of four factors, three items to have neither sufficient nor unique factor loadings and items on two of the subscales to load on a single factor. CFA of the ‘modified’ CRA (21 items; four subscales: schedule and health, finances, family support, and esteem) suggested a better fit for the four-factor model than for the five-factor model. ME/I analysis supported partial invariance of the CRA across language of administration. The CRA scale should be assessed for relevance in Asian settings. With the suggested modifications, it is suitable for assessing negative and positive effects of caregiving among informal caregivers of older persons with activity limitations in Singapore.
A 1.8-GHz 33-dBm $P$ 0.1-dB CMOS T/R Switch Using Stacked FETs With Feed-Forward Capacitors in a Floated Well Structure

A 33-dBm P 0.1-dB single-pole double-throw antenna switch is designed and implemented using a standard 0.18-mum CMOS process at 1.8 GHz. An analysis shows a relation between parasitic junction capacitors and substrate resistance for low insertion loss (IL). The power-handling capability of the switch was also investigated through the voltage dividing mechanism through the substrate in the case of an ON-insertion loss-state NMOS switch implemented in a triple-well structure. A multistacked field-effect transistor (FET) structure with feed-forward capacitors in an Rx switch was chosen as the method of designing an antenna switch with high power-handling capability. Low IL of the switch in the multistacked FET structure is achieved by the optimization of layout and minimization of junction capacitors through the deep N-well bias. Allowance of a negative voltage swing at either the source or drain port is ensured by a floated well structure with a negatively biased P-well for each switch device of the multistacked FET structure. Intentional unequal division of the voltage swing level at each NMOS device by feed-forward capacitors with negative biases of the off-state switches helps to prevent channel formation in the off-state device. Experimental data shows that the proposed design achieves a 0.1-dB compression point at 33-dBm input power at 1.8 GHz with a negative bias supply to control the voltage at the off-state switches and the P -well of each device. The IL of the Tx switch is 0.5 and 0.73 dB at 900 MHz and 1.8 GHz, respectively. The Rx switch has 0.7- and 1.1-dB IL at 900 MHz and 1.8 GHz, respectively. In addition, a reliability issue related to antenna load mismatch was tested using a load-pull measurement setup.