Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
De la teoría del habitus a una sociología psicológica

En este texto, Bernard Lahire desarrolla las bases de un programa de sociologia psicologica, y en el camino, deja ver por que no solo es deseable sino necesaria la interaccion de disciplinas como la sociologia, la antropologia y la psicologia. Por ejemplo, expone que el concepto bourdiano de habitus tiene su origen en el concepto piagetiano de esquema de accion, con lo que se muestra que, reconociendolo o no, existe de hecho una fuerte interaccion entre disciplinas. Ademas, este texto permite refrescar las reflexiones acerca de la cultura, las identidades, la socializacion y las mentes de los individuos que al final son las que in-corporan, asimilandolos y organizandolos, los patrones socio-culturales de comportamiento que entran en conflicto o en competencia con otros. Lahire nos brinda asi una sugestiva imagen del hombre, siempre plural e imposible de aprehender por estereotipos reductivos y esteriles. Re-tradujimos este texto apoyandonos en uno de sus traductores y en un grupo de personas entusiastas por la traduccion, convirtiendo asi el trabajo en un ejercicio intelectual enriquecedor y formativo para todos los participantes del Seminario (y ahora Experiencia Electiva en la UV, denominada La traduccion de textos cientificos y literarios del frances al espanol y su didactica). Abstract In this text, Bernard Lahire develops the foundations for a psychological sociology research program. He brings to light why an interaction within such disciplines as sociology, anthropology, and psychology is not only desirable but necessary. For example, he elaborates on Bourdieu’s concept of habitus, which emerges from Piaget’s concept of action schemes, a theory that proves, whether we recognize it or not, that there is in fact a strong interaction within disciplines. Furthermore, this text allows the renewal of discussions about culture, identity, socialization and the minds of the individuals. In the end, these discussions are the ones that incorporate, by assimilating and organizing, the socio-cultural behaviour patterns which come into conflict or competition with others. This way, Lahire provides a suggestive image of the man always as plural and impossible to compare to sterile and reductive stereotypes. We have translated this text thanks to the support of previously published translation and a group of enthusiastic people, turning this work into a formative and enriching intellectual exercise for all the participants in the Seminar (now a Learning Module in the University of Veracruz called Translation of Scientific and Literary Texts from French to Spanish and its Didactics). Recibido: 3 de agosto de 2011 Aceptado: 31 de agosto de 2011
[Relationship between pathogenicity of Schistosoma mansoni in mice and the susceptibility of the vector mollusk. IV--Infectiousness of miracidia].

OBJECTIVE The infection ability of miracidia of BH and SJ strains of S. mansoni, obtained from mice infected with cercariae taken from Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila, genetically selected for susceptibility is compared with the infection ability of miracidia obtained from mice infected with larvae from non-selected mollusks. MATERIAL AND METHOD Progeny of S. mansoni resulting from successive infections of selected mollusk sproduced various generations of selected miracidia. Selection of B. glabrata and B. tengophila was carried out by autofertilization of mollusks susceptible to the BH and SJ strains of S. mansoni. Five generations of mollusks (from parental down to F4), were used in the experiment. Tests for the infectiousness of the miracidia used 10 larvae: susceptibility was checked starting on day 30 after infection, for 90 days, through observation for the presence of cercariae. RESULTS The results showed that susceptibility of the selected mollusks in the face of the respective sympatric strains was not altered by the selection process of S. mansoni. However F4 miracidia of the BH strain were more infectant for non-selected B. glabrate than parental miracidia of the same strain. Miracidia of BH and SJ strains, parental generation, and BH strain, F3 generation, showed the same infectiousness in selected B. glabrata. Nevertheless, these mollusks had distinct infection rates from allopatric selected miracidia (SJ strain, F4 generation). The generation of successive infections of S. mansoni SJ in selected B. tenagophila resulted in the adaptation of the worm strain to the species of mollusk. B. tenagophila was never susceptible to the BH strain, even when selected mollusks and trematodes were employed. The susceptibility/infectiousness of the pair B. tenagophila-SJ S. mansoni strain was only changed by the selection process of the mollusks. CONCLUSION As non-selected B. glabrata were more intensively infected by selected BH miracidia than by non-selected BH miracidia, one is led to surmise that the greater pathogenicity of S. mansoni from susceptible mollusks implies the greater infection ability of these miracidia.
Optimal parameter selection in support vector machines

The purpose of the paper is to apply a nonlinear programming algorithm for computing kernel and related parameters of a support vector machine (SVM) by a two-level approach. Available training data are split into two groups, one set for formulating a quadratic SVM with $L_2$-soft margin and another one for minimizing the generalization error, where the optimal SVM variables are inserted. Subsequently, the total generalization error is evaluated for a separate set of test data. Derivatives of functions by which the optimization problem is defined, are evaluated in an analytical way, where an existing Cholesky decomposition needed for solving the quadratic SVM, is exploited. The approach is implemented and tested on a couple of standard data sets with up to 4,800 patterns. The results show a significant reduction of the generalization error, an increase of the margin, and a reduction of the number of support vectors in all cases where the data sets are sufficiently large. By a second set of test runs, kernel parameters are assigned to individual features. Redundant attributes are identified and suitable relative weighting factors are computed.
Coincidence detection in pyramidal neurons is tuned by their dendritic branching pattern.

Neurons display a variety of complex dendritic morphologies even within the same class. We examined the relationship between dendritic arborization and the coupling between somatic and dendritic action potential (AP) initiation sites in layer 5 (L5) neocortical pyramidal neurons. Coupling was defined as the relative reduction in threshold for initiation of a dendritic calcium AP due to a coincident back-propagating AP. Simulations based on reconstructions of biocytin-filled cells showed that addition of oblique branches of the main apical dendrite in close proximity to the soma (d < 140 microm) increases the coupling between the apical and axosomatic AP initiation zones, whereas incorporation of distal branches decreases coupling. Experimental studies on L5 pyramids in acute brain slices revealed a highly significant (n = 28, r = 0.63, P < 0.0005) correlation: increasing the fraction of proximal oblique dendrites (d < 140 microm), e.g., from 30 to 60% resulted on average in an increase of the coupling from approximately 35% to almost 60%. We conclude that variation in dendritic arborization may be a key determinant of variability in coupling (49 +/- 17%; range 19-83%; n = 37) and is likely to outweigh the contribution made by variations in active membrane properties. Thus coincidence detection of inputs arriving from different cortical layers is strongly regulated by differences in dendritic arborization.
The histogram feature - a resource-efficient Weak Classifier

This paper presents a Weak Classifier that is extremely fast to compute, yet highly discriminant. This Weak Classifier may be used in, for example, a boosting framework and is the result of a novel way of organizing and evaluating Histograms of Oriented Gradients. The method requires only one access to main memory to evaluate each feature, in comparison with the more well-known Haar features which require somewhere between six and nine memory accesses to evaluate each feature. This low memory bandwidth makes the Weak Classifier especially ideal for use in small systems with little or no memory cache available. The presented Weak Classifier has been extensively tested in a boosted framework on data sets consisting of pedestrians and various road signs. The classifier yields detection results that are far superior than the results obtained from Haar features when tested on road signs and similar structures, whereas the detection results are comparable to those of Haar features when tested on pedestrians. In addition, the computational resources necessary for these results have been shown to be considerably smaller for the new weak classifier.
Distribution of Attention and Failure to Save Computer Work

Many computer users occasionally forget to save their work and thereby lose it. It is shown that such losses are not purely random in occurrence. Instead, their incidence in everyday computing appears to be a function of variation among individuals in the distribution of attention. The findings are based upon the study of nonspecialist users rather than advanced users, and upon the predictive rather than the taxonomic study of error. The results provide support for the characterisation of user groups in terms of variation in underlying cognitive processes.
The stability-plasticity dilemma: investigating the continuum from catastrophic forgetting to age-limited learning effects

The stability-plasticity dilemma is a well-know constraint for artificial and biological neural systems. The basic idea is that learning in a parallel and distributed system requires plasticity for the integration of new knowledge, but also stability in order to prevent the forgetting of previous knowledge. Too much plasticity will result in previously encoded data being constantly forgotten, whereas too much stability will impede the efficient coding of this data at the level of the synapses. However, for the most part, neural computation has addressed the problems related to excessive plasticity or excessive stability as two different fields in the literature.
Network File System (NFS) Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) Problem Statement

This draft addresses applying Remote Direct Memory Access to the NFS protocols. NFS implementations historically incur significant overhead due to data copies on end-host systems, as well as other sources. The potential benefits of RDMA to these implementations are explored, and the reasons why RDMA is especially well-suited to NFS and network file protocols in general are evaluated.
Sparse Coding of Speech Data Predicts Properties of the Early Auditory System

I have developed a sparse mathematical representation of speech that minimizes the number of active model neurons needed to represent typical speech sounds. The model learns several well-known acoustic features of speech such as harmonic stacks, formants, onsets and terminations, but I also find more exotic structures in the spectrogram representation of sound such as localized checkerboard patterns and frequency-modulated excitatory subregions flanked by suppressive sidebands. Moreover, several of these novel features resemble neuronal receptive fields reportedin the Inferior Colliculus (IC), as well as auditory thalamus and cortex, and my model neurons exhibit the same tradeoff in spectrotemporal resolution as has been observed in IC. To my knowledge, this is the first demonstration that receptive fields of neurons in the ascending mammalian auditory pathway beyond the auditory nerve can be predicted based on coding principles and thestatistical properties of recorded sounds. In my second study, I look at linear filter estimation by creating spike-triggered averages for my model neurons. Surprisingly, whitening does not removethe effect of choosing different probe stimulus sets. This suggests that the type of probe stimulus is very important for uncovering the true receptive field of a neuron.
An architecture supporting monitoring and configuration in real-time smart transducer networks

A smart transducer network consists of a set of transducer nodes interconnected with a digital bus. Smart transducer technology implicates the development of systems supporting the timely exchange of real-time data. Additional requirements are support for system integration, mechanisms for dynamic reconfiguration, and diagnostic interfaces. Such systems should be composable and ease controlling system complexity, i.e. support the system engineer in understanding the system behavior Furthermore, developers expect diagnostic services, which are deterministic, reproducible, and do not interfere with real-time services. This paper describes three interfaces for smart transducer networks, which provide the required services while yielding the mentioned properties. We describe a case study demonstrating the effectiveness of the three interfaces for the proclaimed purpose.
Unintentional ingestion of Cordyceps fungus-infected cicada nymphs causing ibotenic acid poisoning in Southern Vietnam

Abstract Background: Cordyceps fungus found in infected cicada nymphs (“cicada flowers”) is utilized in traditional Chinese medicine. Cordyceps fungus toxicity in humans has not been previously reported. We report 60 cases of apparent Cordyceps poisoning in Southern Vietnam. Methods: We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical data from the medical records (21 cases) and by telephone interview (39 cases) of patients admitted to seven hospitals in Southern Vietnam following ingestion of cicada flowers between 2008 and 2015. We also determined the species of Cordyceps present in the cicada flowers and performed a partial chemical analysis of the fungus. Results: Sixty cases of toxic effects following ingestion of cicada flowers were documented. Symptom onset occurred within 60 minutes following ingestion. Symptoms included dizziness, vomiting, salivation, mydriasis, jaw stiffness, urinary retention, seizures, agitated delirium, hallucinations, somnolence and coma. None of the patients suffered liver or kidney injury. There was one fatality. The Cordyceps fungus involved in these poisoning was identified as Ophiocordyceps heteropoda. The presence of ibotenic acid was confirmed, but musimol and muscarine were absent. Conclusions: Cicada infected with Ophiocordyceps heteropoda in Vietnam contain ibotenic acid and are associated with a clinical syndrome consistent with its effects.
Resveratrol Ameliorates Motor Neuron Degeneration and Improves Survival in SOD1G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Resveratrol has recently been used as a supplemental treatment for several neurological and nonneurological diseases. It is not known whether resveratrol has neuroprotective effect on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To assess the effect of resveratrol on the disease, we tested this agent on an ALS model of SOD1G93A transgenic mouse. Rotarod measurement was performed to measure the motor function of the ALS mice. Nissl staining and SMI-32 immunofluorescent staining were used to determine motor neurons survival in the spinal cord of the ALS mice. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), and cytochrome oxidase (COX) staining were applied to pathologically analyze the skeletal muscles of the ALS mice. We found that resveratrol treatment significantly delayed the disease onset and prolonged the lifespan of the ALS mice. Furthermore, resveratrol treatment attenuated motor neuron loss, relieved muscle atrophy, and improved mitochondrial function of muscle fibers in the ALS mice. In addition, we demonstrated that resveratrol exerted these neuroprotective effects mainly through increasing the expression of Sirt1, consequently suppressing oxidative stress and downregulating p53 and its related apoptotic pathway. Collectively, our findings suggest that resveratrol might provide a promising therapeutic intervention for ALS.
A Meta-reasoner to Rule Them All: Automated Selection of OWL Reasoners Based on Efficiency

It has been shown, both theoretically and empirically, that reasoning about large and expressive ontologies is computationally hard. Moreover, due to the different reasoning algorithms and optimisation techniques employed, each reasoner may be efficient for ontologies with different characteristics. Based on recently-developed prediction models for various reasoners for reasoning performance, we present our work in developing a meta-reasoner that automatically selects from a number of state-of-the-art OWL reasoners to achieve optimal efficiency. Our preliminary evaluation shows that the meta-reasoner significantly and consistently outperforms 6 state-of-the-art reasoners and it achieves a performance close to the hypothetical gold standard reasoner.
College cost and time to obtain a degree : Evidence from tuition discontinuities . ∗

For many students throughout the world time to obtain an academic degree extends beyond the normal completion time, while college tuition is essentially constant during the years of enrollment and in particular does not increase when a student remains in a program after its regular end. Using a Regression Discontinuity Design on data from Bocconi University in Italy, this paper shows that if tuition is raised by 1000 Euros in the last year of the program, the probability of late graduation decreases by 6.1 percentage points with respect to a benchmark average probability of 80%. We conclude showing that an upward sloping tuition profile may be efficient when effort is sub-optimally supplied in the presence of peer effects. JEL-Code: I2, C31
Technology Selection for Big Data and Analytical Applications

The term Big Data has become pervasive in recent years as smart phones, televisions, washing machines, refrigerators, smart meters, diverse sensors, eyeglasses and even clothes connect to the Internet. However, their generated data is worthless without information retrieval through data analytics. As Big Data is too big for a single person to investigate, appropriate technologies are being used. Unfortunately, there is not one solution but a large variety of different tools, each of them with other functionalities, properties and characteristics. Especially small and midsized companies have a hard time to keep track as this requires time, skills, money, and specific knowledge which result in high entrance barriers for Big Data utilization. This papers aims to reduce these barriers by explaining and structuring different classes of technologies and basic criteria for proper technology selection. It proposes a framework that guides especially small and mid-sized companies through a suitable selection process that can serve as a basis for further advances.
Additional Constructions to Solve the Generalized Russian Cards Problem using Combinatorial Designs

In the generalized Russian cards problem, we have a card deck $X$ of $n$ cards and three participants, Alice, Bob, and Cathy, dealt $a$, $b$, and $c$ cards, respectively. Once the cards are dealt, Alice and Bob wish to privately communicate their hands to each other via public announcements, without the advantage of a shared secret or public key infrastructure. Cathy should remain ignorant of all but her own cards after Alice and Bob have made their announcements. Notions for Cathy's ignorance in the literature range from Cathy not learning the fate of any individual card with certainty (weak $1$-security) to not gaining any probabilistic advantage in guessing the fate of some set of $\delta$ cards (perfect $\delta$-security). As we demonstrate, the generalized Russian cards problem has close ties to the field of combinatorial designs, on which we rely heavily, particularly for perfect security notions. Our main result establishes an equivalence between perfectly $\delta$-secure strategies and $(c+\delta)$-designs on $n$ points with block size $a$, when announcements are chosen uniformly at random from the set of possible announcements. We also provide construction methods and example solutions, including a construction that yields perfect $1$-security against Cathy when $c=2$. We leverage a known combinatorial design to construct a strategy with $a=8$, $b=13$, and $c=3$ that is perfectly $2$-secure. Finally, we consider a variant of the problem that yields solutions that are easy to construct and optimal with respect to both the number of announcements and level of security achieved. Moreover, this is the first method obtaining weak $\delta$-security that allows Alice to hold an arbitrary number of cards and Cathy to hold a set of $c = \lfloor \frac{a-\delta}{2} \rfloor$ cards. Alternatively, the construction yields solutions for arbitrary $\delta$, $c$ and any $a \geq \delta + 2c$.
Palantir: raising awareness among configuration management workspaces

Current configuration management systems promote workspaces that isolate developers from each other. This isolation is both good and bad It is good, because developers make their changes without any interference from changes made concurrently by other developers. It is bad, because not knowing which artifacts are changing in parallel regularly leads to problems when changes are promoted from workspaces into a central configuration management repository. Overcoming the bad isolation, while retaining the good isolation, is a matter of raising awareness among developers, an issue traditionally ignored by the discipline of configuration management. To fill this void, we have developed Palantir, a novel workspace awareness tool that complements existing configuration management systems by providing developers with insight into other workspaces. In particular, the tool informs a developer of which other developers change which other artifacts, calculates a simple measure of severity of those changes, and graphically displays the information in a configurable and generally non-obtrusive manner. To illustrate the use of Palantir, we demonstrate how it integrates with two representative configuration management systems.
Tactile Display Device Using Distributed Lateral Skin Stretch

In the past, tactile displays were of one of two kinds: they were either shape displays, or relied on distributed vibrotactile stimulation. A tactile display device is described in this paper which is distinguished by the fact that it relies exclusively on lateral skin stretch stimulation. It is constructed from an array of 64 closely packed piezoelectric actuators connected to a membrane. The deformations of this membrane cause an array of 112 skin contactors to create programmable lateral stress fields in the skin of the finger pad. Some preliminary observations are reported with respect to the sensations that this kind of display can produce.
Comparison of flux-regulation capability of a hybrid-excited flux-switching machine with different magnet materials

This paper investigates the flux-regulation capability of a novel hybrid-excited flux-switching (HEFS) machine with alternative magnets materials based on finite element analysis. It is found that in the case of Ferrite the air-gap flux can be modulated to a wide range, while in the case of NdFeB, the regulation capability is limited due to high saturation.