Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solar-Powered Wireless Temperature Sensor Based on UWB RFID With Self-Calibration

This paper presents a solar-powered wireless temperature sensor based on time-coded ultrawideband (UWB) radio frequency identification. A negative temperature coefficient resistor acts as the sensing element. It controls the current of a PIN diode connected to a UWB scattering antenna. The wireless sensor is self-calibrated using a narrowband tone, making its performance independent of the distance or orientation between the reader and the sensor. A consumption of 82 μA is demonstrated. An error under 0.6 °C within a 35 °C-70 °C temperature range is obtained for most of the cases.
Linear Estimation of the Frequency and Phase of a Noisy Sinusoid

We extend the study in Fu and Kam (2006) of estimating the frequency and carrier phase of a noisy sinusoid. We show that when the improved observation model is used, the linear regression estimator developed in Tretter (1985) is suboptimal. Two generalized least-squares estimators, namely, the weighted least-squares estimator and the linear minimum variance estimator, are then formulated. To avoid phase unwrapping, we propose two new frequency estimators by using the differenced phase. The first is based on the ML estimator derived in (Fu and Kam). The second is based on the approach in Kay (1991) but incorporates our improved observation model.
Retinal characteristics of the ornate dragon lizard, Ctenophorus ornatus

The retina of a diurnal insectivorous lizard, Ctenophorus ornatus (Agamidae) was investigated using microspectrophotometry and light and electron microscopy. A prominent broad yellow band was observed that extended across the mid‐retina. The yellow coloration was found to originate from both oil droplets and diffuse pigmentation within cone inner segments. Microspectrophotometric analysis revealed yellow oil droplets with variable absorption of wavelengths below 520 nm and transparent oil droplets with no detectable absorptance between 350 and 750 nm. Cones with transparent oil droplets lacked the diffuse yellow pigmentation. The mean wavelengths of maximum absorbance of visual pigments in the isolated cone outer segments were at 440, 493, and 571 nm. The retina was found to possess a deep convexiclivate fovea located within the yellow band, slightly dorsotemporal of the retinal midpoint. The topography of the retinal ganglion cells revealed that the fovea was contained within an area centralis. Photoreceptors were either single (80%) or unequal double (20%) cones. Within the region of the fovea, the cones were approximately 20% the diameter of those in the peripheral retina. Colored oil droplets and yellow pigment may increase visual acuity by absorbing short wavelength light scattered either by the atmosphere or the optical structures of the eye. The presence of a fovea containing slender cone photoreceptors and three visual pigments suggests that the lizard has high acuity and the potential for color vision. J. Comp. Neurol. 450:334–344, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Non-invasive assessment of cardiac output during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: comparison of the -rebreathing method and electrical impedance cardiography

In exercise testing of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), non-invasive assessment of stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) would be valuable. Electrical impedance cardiography (EIC) has proved to be a valid and reliable instrument in healthy subjects. In this study it is investigated whether this also applies to patients with COPD. In 19 COPD patients simultaneous SV measurements were performed during steady-state exercise using the -rebreathing method and EIC (using a fixed blood resistivity value ( or EIC-135 and EIC-150) or a haematocrit based (EIC-ht)). Although close correlations were found (overall correlation between -rebreathing and EIC-ht: R = 0.92 for CO, R = 0.79 for SV), SV and CO measured by means of EIC were significantly higher at low-intensity exercise and lower at high-intensity exercise. The mean differences between the -rebreathing method and EIC-ht were 0.55 ml for SV and for CO (overall exercise data). The limits of agreement (2SD of the mean difference) were 24.7 ml for SV and for CO. These figures are comparable to what is found when healthy subjects are studied. CO was closely correlated to oxygen uptake using the -rebreathing as well as the EIC method; the slope of the regression line was closer to what has been reported in the literature with EIC. Results were better with the EIC-ht than with the EIC-135 and EIC-150 methods. It is concluded that EIC is a reliable and valid method for measurements of SV and CO in COPD during exercise. Keywords: cardiac output, exercise, COPD, impedance cardiography
Alcohol identification and brief advice in England: A major plank in alcohol harm reduction policy.

Screening and brief interventions form a vital plank in England's plans to reduce alcohol-related harm. This article clarifies the use of terminology in England to describe various drinking categories and screening and brief interventions. It details efforts to implement these interventions, including recent incentive packages that have been put in place to encourage primary care to implement these interventions. It describes the Screening and Intervention Programme for Sensible Drinking research program that is underway to clarify tools and methods to introduce and support these interventions. [Lavoie D. Alcohol identification and brief advice in England: A major plank in alcohol harm reduction policy.
Conservatism in residual income models: theory and supporting evidence

In this paper, we develop a framework for evaluating the impact of conservative accounting on the structure of residual income models of equity valuation. We explore specific examples of both unconditional and conditional conservatism and observe a common mathematical structure. We proceed to generalise our model and identify the joint dependency of conservatism and the persistence of abnormal earnings on the weights attached to book values, earnings and dividends. We are able to show theoretically the likely numerical impact of conservatism on price-earnings ratios and under-valuations produced by residual income models. We investigate empirically the interaction between conservatism and persistence and find they accord well with the theory developed. We briefly discuss the implications of testing the effect of conservatism on valuation and linear information dynamics.
Poisson-Guassian Processes and the Bond Markets

That interest rates move in a discontinuous manner is no surprise to participants in the bond markets. This paper proposes and estimates a class of Poisson-Gaussian processes that allow for jumps in interest rates. Estimation is undertaken using exact continuous-time and discrete-time estimators. Analytical derivations of the characteristic functions, moments and density functions of jump-diffusion stochastic process are developed and employed in empirical estimation. These derivations are general enough to accommodate any jump distribution. We find that jump processes capture empirical features of the data which would not be captured by diffusion models. The models in the paper enable an assessment of the impact of Fed activity and day-of-week effects on the stochastic process for interest rates. There is strong evidence that existing diffusion models would be well-enhanced by jump processes.
Research on dielectric characteristics of SF6/N2 gas mixtures based on FEM-FCT

Based on dynamic characteristic of microscopic particles in discharge process, streamer discharge model is set up. Combining finite element method and flux corrected transport method, the paper simulate the streamer discharge process at SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> with mixing ratio of 50%:50%. On this basis, experimental platform for gas discharge is set up, and breakdown voltages of SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures are measured. Influences of mixing ratio and pressure on SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> breakdown voltages is analyzed. The results show that electron number density in discharge gap is increasing with streamer moving forward, meanwhile electrons diffuse from high particle number density to low particle number density, and the peak value of electron number density reaches 3.0 × 10<sup>15</sup>/m<sup>3</sup> at 5.5ns. Dielectric strength of SF<sub>6</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> is higher than the value weighted according to partial pressure ratio, presenting synergistic effect. The synergistic effect is obvious when a small amount of SF<sub>6</sub> is contained in gas mixtures.
Are experience and schooling complementary

"This paper models the assimilation process of migrants and shows evidence of the complementarity between their destination experience and upon-arrival human capital. Bayesian learning and dynamics of matching are modeled and empirically assessed, using panel data of wages from the Bangkok labor market in Thailand. The analysis incorporates (1) the heterogeneity of technologies and products, characteristic of urban labor markets, (2) imperfect information on migrants' types and skill demanded in the markets, and (3) migrants' optimal learning over time. Returns to destination experience emerge endogenously. Estimation results, which control migrants' selectivity by firstdifferencing procedures, show that (1) schooling returns are lower for migrants than for natives, (2) the accumulation of destination experience raises wages for migrants, (3) the experience effect is greater for more-educated agents, i.e., education and experience are complementary, and (4) the complementarity increases as destination experience accumulates. The results imply that more-educated migrants have higher learning efficiency and can perform tasks of greater complexity, ultimately yielding higher wage growth in the destination market. Simulations show that, due to the complementarity, wages for different levels of upon-arrival human capital diverge in the migrants' assimilation process. " Author's Abstract"
A delay model allowing nano-CMOS standard cells statistical simulation at the logic level

In nano-scale digital CMOS ICs, technology parameter variation limits the usefulness of traditional corner-based timing simulation in favor of statistical simulation. Yet, logic level delay modeling featuring technology variation aware timing is an open challenge. We present a new semi-empirical delay model of digital CMOS cells, accounting for input slope and technology parameters, featuring Spice-level accuracy and full suitability for logic level (i.e. fast) statistical timing simulation in an HDL environment. The approach has been tested against Spice BSIM4 targeting a library of 272 standard cells.
Interest Rate Volatility and Monetary Policy

In October 1979 the Federal Reserve shifted from an interest rate oriented operating procedure to a reserves oriented procedure. It is argued in this paper that part of the very large increase in interest rate volatility which resulted from the policy switch may have been due to shifts in the parameters of the money demand equation, shifts due to the adoption-of a reserve aggregates operating procedure. This result is derived by comparing rational expectations equilibria in a simple theoretical model under alternative policy rules. This allows the variance of interest rates to be explicitly expressed as a function of the policy rule.
Experience of childhood abuse and later number of remaining teeth in older Japanese: a life-course study from Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study project.

OBJECTIVES From a life-course perspective, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) such as childhood abuse are known risk factors for adult diseases and death throughout life. ACEs could also cause poor dental health in later life because they could induce poor dental health in childhood, initiate unhealthy behaviors, and lower immune and physiological functions. However, it is not known whether ACEs have a longitudinal adverse effect on dental health in older age. This study aimed to investigate the association between experience of childhood abuse until the age of 18 and current number of remaining teeth among a sample of older Japanese adults. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), a large-scale, self-reported survey in 2013 including 27 525 community-dwelling Japanese aged ≥65 years (response rate=71.1%). The outcome, current number of remaining teeth was used categorically: ≥20, 10-19, 5-9, 1-4, and no teeth. Childhood abuse was defined as having any experience of physical abuse, psychological abuse, and psychological neglect up until the age of 18 years. Ordered logistic regression models were applied. RESULTS Of the 25 189 respondents who indicated their number of remaining teeth (mean age: 73.9; male: 46.5%), 14.8% had experience of childhood abuse. Distributions of ≥20, 10-19, 5-9, 1-4, and no teeth were as follows: 46.6%, 22.0%, 11.4%, 8.2%, and 11.8% among respondents with childhood abuse, while 52.3%, 21.3%, 10.3%, 6.6%, and 9.5% among respondents without childhood abuse. Childhood abuse was significantly associated with fewer remaining teeth after adjusting for covariates including socioeconomic status (odds ratio=1.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.22). CONCLUSIONS Childhood abuse could have a longitudinal adverse effect on later dental health in older age. This study emphasizes the importance of early life experiences on dental health throughout later life.
Ablation of phospholamban and sarcolipin results in cardiac hypertrophy and decreased cardiac contractility.

AIMS Improving the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) function has clinical implications in treating heart failure. The present study aimed to determine the effect of constitutive activation of the SERCA pump on cardiac contractility in normal mice and during pressure-overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS The SERCA pump was constitutively activated in both atrial and ventricular chambers of the mouse heart by ablating its key regulators, phospholamban (PLN) and sarcolipin (SLN). The double-knockout (dKO) mice for PLN and SLN showed increased SERCA pump activity, Ca(2+) transients and SR Ca(2+) load, and developed cardiac hypertrophy. Echocardiographic measurements showed that the basal cardiac function was not affected in the young dKO mice. However, the cardiac function worsened upon ageing and when subjected to pressure overload. CONCLUSION Our studies suggest that the constitutive activation of the SERCA pump is detrimental to cardiac function. Our findings also emphasize the need for dynamic regulation of the SERCA pump by PLN and/or SLN to maintain cardiac contractility in normal conditions and during pathophysiological states.
AUDIO-VISUAL SOURCE ASSOCIATION FOR STRING ENSEMBLES THROUGH MULTI-MODAL VIBRATO ANALYSIS

With the proliferation of video content of musical performances, audio-visual analysis becomes an emerging topic in music information retrieval. Associating the audio and visual aspects of the same source, or audio-visual source association, is a fundamental problem for audio-visual analysis of polyphonic musical performances. In this paper, we propose an approach to solve this problem for string ensemble performances by analyzing the vibrato patterns. On the audio side, we extract the pitch trajectories of vibrato notes of each string player in a score-informed fashion. On the video side, we track the left hand of string players and capture their fine-grained left-hand vibration due to vibrato. We find a high correlation between the pitch fluctuation and the hand vibration for vibrato notes, and use this correlation to associate the audio and visual aspects of the same players. This work is a complementary extension to our previous work on source association for string ensembles based on bowing motion analysis. Experiments on 19 pieces of chamber musical performances with at most one non-string instrument show more accurate and robust association performance than our previous method.
Analytical Model for the Threshold Voltage of ${p}$ -(Al)GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors

An analytical model for the calculation of the threshold voltage for enhancement-mode (E-mode) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-(Al)GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) is presented. The ON-state behavior (at low output voltages) of both <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-GaN HEMTs and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-AlGaN HEMTs—including the gate injection transistor—are discussed in detail, and closed expressions for the threshold voltage <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of both devices are deduced. It is found that the threshold voltage values for both devices are close to one another, and that there is an ideal upper limit when the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-type doping in the AlGaN gate is perfectly tailored, yielding more positive threshold voltages. This ideal case might be difficult to realize technologically, but can serve as a benchmark for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${p}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-(Al)GaN HEMTs.
Option pricing with realistic ARCH processes

This paper presents a complete computation of option prices based on a realistic process for the underlying and on the construction of a risk-neutral measure as induced by a no-arbitrage replication strategy. The underlying is modelled with a long-memory ARCH process, with relative returns, fat-tailed innovations and multi-scale leverage. The process parameters are estimated on the SP500 stock index (in the physical measure). The change of measure from to the risk-neutral measure is derived rigorously along each path drawn from the process, yielding a Radon–Nikodym derivative for a given choice of a risk aversion function. A small expansion allows to compute explicitly this change of measure. Finally, a given European option’s price is obtained as the expectation in of the discounted payoff with a weight given by the change of measure . This procedure is implemented in a Monte Carlo simulation, and allows to compute the option prices, without further adjustable parameters. The computed implied volatility surfaces are compared with empirical surfaces based on European put and call options on the SP500 from 1996 to 2010. Our pricing scheme is able to reproduce the level, the smile, the smirk and the term structure of the surfaces, without any calibration on the observed option prices. We discuss the respective roles of the and measures, the distribution of the terminal prices in both measures, the small impact of the risk aversion and drift premium, and finally we suggest simplifications of our pricing scheme for practical purposes.
Technology Import and Industrial Employment: Evidence from Developing Countries

This paper based on panel data across countries examines the possible effect of the imported technology on labour absorption in the industrial sector, after controlling for real wage rate and GDP per capita. Findings tend to suggest a negative relationship between the two. Technical efficiency index derived on the basis of the stochastic frontier function framework is also negatively affected by the import of technology. Without enhancing the knowledge relating to the mechanisms of exploiting the new technology acquired from abroad, a mere increase in import of technology would mean rising unutilized capacity. And this could be due to the poor skill base of the available human capital. Investment in human capital in terms of skill formation, up-gradation, and training on the one hand and technological advancement to suit the internal labour market conditions are the two important policy conclusions for reviving the role of industry as the engine of pro-poor growth. Copyright 2009 CEIS, Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini and Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Reconstrucing the Systems Development Organization

Today's typical information systems (IS) organization clings to the belief that it is primarily in the new system development business, a notion based increasingly on substantial self-deception. In reality, many IS development staffs now devote the majority of their efforts to the repair and enhancement of currently installed systems. This "maintenance" task, as it is commonly termed, is widely misunderstood, misrepresented, and undervalued. A reconstruction is necessary, one in which the repair and ongoing development of installed systems is given proper emphasis and strategic recognition.
Body Weight and Women&Apos;S Labor Market Outcomes

Several studies have found that, all else equal, heavier women earn less. Previous research has been unable to determine whether high weight is the cause of low wages, the result of low wages, or whether unobserved factors cause both higher weight and lower wages. Applying the method of instrumental variables to data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this paper attempts to generate consistent estimates of the effect of weight on labor market outcomes for women. Three labor market outcomes are studied: hourly wages, employment, and sector of occupation. This paper finds that weight lowers wages for white women; among this group, a difference in weight of two standard deviations (roughly sixty-five pounds) is associated with a difference in wages of 7%. In absolute value, this is equivalent to the wage effect of roughly one year of education, two years of job tenure, or three years of work experience. In contrast, this paper finds only weak evidence that weight lowers wages for hispanic women, and no evidence that weight lowers the wages of black women. This paper also concludes that there is no effect of weight on the probability of employment or sector of occupation.