Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Author Manuscript, Published in "international Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software, Alexendria Va : United States Morphological Detection of Malware

In the field of malware detection, method based on syntactical consideration are usually efficient. However, they are strongly vulnerable to obfuscation techniques. This study proposes an efficient construction of a morphological malware detector based on a syntactic and a semantic analysis, technically on control flow graphs of programs (CFG). Our construction employs tree automata techniques to provide an efficient representation of the CFG database. Next, we deal with classic obfusca-tion of programs by mutation using a generic graph rewriting engine. Finally, we carry out experiments to evaluate the false-positive ratio of the proposed methods.
Robust Joint Modeling of Longitudinal Measurements and Competing Risks Failure Time Data

Existing methods for joint modeling of longitudinal measurements and survival data can be highly influenced by outliers in the longitudinal outcome. We propose a joint model for analysis of longitudinal measurements and competing risks failure time data which is robust in the presence of outlying longitudinal observations during follow‐up. Our model consists of a linear mixed effects sub‐model for the longitudinal outcome and a proportional cause‐specific hazards frailty sub‐model for the competing risks data, linked together by latent random effects. Instead of the usual normality assumption for measurement errors in the linear mixed effects sub‐model, we adopt a t ‐distribution which has a longer tail and thus is more robust to outliers. We derive an EM algorithm for the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters and estimate their standard errors using a profile likelihood method. The proposed method is evaluated by simulation studies and is applied to a scleroderma lung study (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An Efficient Solution Method to Membership Control in MANETs

In the paper, we firstly propose a distributed key generation protocol called elliptic curve distributed key generation based on Peterson's scheme, which is invulnerable to the inner malicious member's attack. We next propose a membership control protocol to allow multiple members to sign a group member certificate when a new member joins network. In the scheme, membership control is realized by threshold signature based on ECC which makes the proposed signature scheme more suitable for limited resource devices. At last, we give a scheme which can dynamically change the threshold in proportion to the current group size.
Of Black Swans and Tossed Coins: Is the Description-Experience Gap in Risky Choice Limited to Rare Events?

When faced with risky decisions, people tend to be risk averse for gains and risk seeking for losses (the reflection effect). Studies examining this risk-sensitive decision making, however, typically ask people directly what they would do in hypothetical choice scenarios. A recent flurry of studies has shown that when these risky decisions include rare outcomes, people make different choices for explicitly described probabilities than for experienced probabilistic outcomes. Specifically, rare outcomes are overweighted when described and underweighted when experienced. In two experiments, we examined risk-sensitive decision making when the risky option had two equally probable (50%) outcomes. For experience-based decisions, there was a reversal of the reflection effect with greater risk seeking for gains than for losses, as compared to description-based decisions. This fundamental difference in experienced and described choices cannot be explained by the weighting of rare events and suggests a separate subjective utility curve for experience.
Imaging experimental atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE knockout mice: enhanced targeting with Z2D3-anti-DTPA bispecific antibody and 99mTc-labeled negatively charged polymers.

UNLABELLED In vivo molecular imaging may be improved if specific radioactivity at the target site could be increased while maintaining low background activity. Bispecific antibody complexes and (99m)Tc-labeled negatively charged chelating polymers that react specifically with the capture arm of the bispecific antibody complex were used to demonstrate the feasibility of imaging very small atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE knockout mice. METHODS Left femoral artery denudation in ApoE(-/-) mice on a hyperlipidemic diet was used to induce accelerated atherosclerotic lesions. Approximately 40 microg of bispecific antibodies were injected intravenously after 2 wk of endothelial denudation. The next day, approximately 15.0 MBq (99m)Tc-DTPA-succinyl-polylysine (2 microg; DTPA is diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) were injected intravenously. RESULTS In vivo gamma-images showed that lesions were observed unequivocally by 2-3 h. Sham-operated right femoral regions showed no radiotracer accumulation. Ex vivo gamma-scintillation counting corrected for sham-operated nonspecific activity and lesion mass showed that the mean lesion activity was 10.10 +/- 6.76 %ID/g (percentage injected dose per gram), whereas nonspecific human IgG bispecific control (NSB control) also corrected similarly was 0.939 +/- 0.877 %ID/g (P < 0.03). Atherosclerotic lesions were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Computer planimetry of immunohistograms showed the mean lesion size to be 2.64 +/- 2.46 mg. CONCLUSION Use of bispecific antibody complexes and (99m)Tc-DTPA-succinyl-polylysine enabled in vivo visualization of very small atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE knockout mice.
Time reversal-based processing for human targets detection in realistic through-the-wall scenarios

In this paper we present the final results of a project devoted to show the abilities of Time Reversal processing for Through-The-Wall (TTW) detection of human targets. From a multistatic-multiview UWB radar system, experimental data from realistic TTW scenarios are collected and rearranged to form the multistatic data matrix K. The results of the singular value decomposition of the K matrix are used to build an efficient detector combining directions and arrival times. Images from different radar scenes (with canonic or human targets) are presented and discussed.
An algorithm for tree-query membership of a distributed query

The aim is to process distributed queries ef ficiently. The cost of communications between sites is dominant in processing such queries. It is assumed that the amount of data transferred determines the transmission cost to a large extent. Thus, it is desirable to minimize the amount of transmitted data. Bernstein-and Chiu [2] classified queries into two types: tree and cyclic queries. They defined an operation called semi-join which requires minimal transfer of data between sites. Then they showed that tree queries can always be answered by semi-joins but cyclic queries may not. An algorithm to decide whether a query is cyclic or not was presented in their paper. Their algorithm works when the number of domains in common between any two relations is no more than one. The aim of this paper is to generalize their algorithm. Specifically, we present a conceptionally simple algorithm which decides the type of a query when the number of domains in common between two relations may exceed one. An implementation of the algorithm is outlined. The algorithm runs in 0(max(e,e')) time and O(e) space complexity where e and e' are the number of edges in the transitive closure of the join graph and the query graph respectively.
Distinct Response Time Distributions in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes

Objective: To address the issue of response time (RT) profiles in hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI), inattentive (ADHD-IA), and combined (ADHD-C) subtypes of ADHD. We hypothesized that children with ADHD-HI should respond more rapidly than children without ADHD and children with ADHD-IA and ADHD-C should respond more slowly than children without ADHD. Method: Four groups (3 ADHD groups and 1 non-ADHD group) each composed of 16 children (7-13 years old) performed a visuospatial choice task. Results: ANOVA indicated very variable RTs for each ADHD subtype when controlling for individual RT. ANOVA performed on RT distribution showed significant differences between the ADHD and non-ADHD groups: biased to fast responses in ADHD-HI and biased to slow responses in ADHD-IA and ADHD-C. Conclusion: The results suggest that response time profiles were abnormal in all ADHD subtypes and were markedly different between children meeting criteria for ADHD-HI and those meeting criteria for ADHD-IA or ADHD-C.
Charge allocation for hybrid electrical energy storage systems

Hybrid electrical energy storage (HEES) systems, composed of multiple banks of heterogeneous electrical energy storage (EES) elements with their unique strengths and weaknesses, have been introduced to efficiently store and retrieve electrical energy while attaining performance metrics that are close to their respective best values across their constituent EES elements. This paper is the first paper to formally describe the charge allocation problem and provide a systematic solution method aiming at the maximum charge allocation efficiency, which performing proper distribution of the incoming power to selected destination banks. We introduce a generalized HEES architecture and build the corresponding electrical circuit models of the chargers and banks. We formulate a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem, where the objective function is the global charge allocation efficiency, and the constraints are energy conservations, with careful consideration of the conversion power loss in the chargers, rate capacity effect and self-discharge of the EES elements, charge transfer losses, and so on. We present a rigorous algorithm to achieve a near-optimal global charge allocation efficiency for long-term charge allocation process (i.e., tens of hours.) Experimental results based on a photovoltaic cell array as the incoming power source and a HEES system comprised on batteries and supercapacitors demonstrate a significant gain in charge allocation efficiency for the proposed algorithm.
X-Ray Image Detector Based on Light Guides and Scintillators

This paper reports on a study concerning the design of an X-ray detector that is suitable to analyze a small area with high spatial resolution. The indirect method of X-ray detection is used, i.e., the X-rays are first converted into visible light, which is then detected. In this design, an array of CsI:Tl scintillators, encapsulated by aluminum walls, is coupled with an array of CMOS photodetectors. This structure, patented and described theoretically by the authors in previous works, can be obtained using the SU-8 negative photoresist as a sacrificial layer. The experimental work consisted in the deposition of a scintillator layer, and an aluminum layer on the active area of a commercially available digital imaging sensor, thus supporting the developed detector design. X-ray imaging tests were performed using the PHILIPS X'Pert equipment. Promising results were obtained, featuring high resolution and detail.
The Power of Priority: NoC Based Distributed Cache Coherency

The paper introduces network-on-chip (NoC) design methodology and low cost mechanisms for supporting efficient cache access and cache coherency in future high-performance chip multi processors (CMPs). We address previously proposed CMP architectures based on non uniform cache architecture (NUCA) over NoC, analyze basic memory transactions and translate them into a set of network transactions. We first show how a simple, generic NoC which is equipped with needed module interface functionalities can provide infrastructure for the coherent access of both static and dynamic NUCA. Then we show how several low cost mechanisms incorporated into such a vanilla NoC can facilitate CMP and boost performance of a cache coherent NUCA CMP. The basic mechanism is based on priority support embedded in the NoC, which differentiates between short control signals and long data messages to achieve a major reduction in cache access delay. The low cost priority-based NoC is extremely useful for increasing performance of almost any other CMP transaction. Priority-based NoC along with the discussed NoC interfaces are evaluated in detail using CMP-NoC simulations across several SPLASH-2 benchmarks and static Web content serving benchmarks showing substantial L2 cache access delay reduction and overall program speedup
HIV-1 Subtype A Gag Variability and Epitope Evolution

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the course of time-dependent evolution of HIV-1 subtype A on a global level, especially with respect to the dynamics of immunogenic HIV gag epitopes. Methods We used a total of 1,893 HIV-1 subtype A gag sequences representing a timeline from 1985 through 2010, and 19 different countries in Africa, Europe and Asia. The phylogenetic relationship of subtype A gag and its epidemic dynamics was analysed through a Maximum Likelihood tree and Bayesian Skyline plot, genomic variability was measured in terms of G→A substitutions and Shannon entropy, and the time-dependent evolution of HIV subtype A gag epitopes was examined. Finally, to confirm observations on globally reported HIV subtype A sequences, we analysed the gag epitope data from our Kenyan, Pakistani, and Afghan cohorts, where both cohort-specific gene epitope variability and HLA restriction profiles of gag epitopes were examined. Results The most recent common ancestor of the HIV subtype A epidemic was estimated to be 1956±1. A period of exponential growth began about 1980 and lasted for approximately 7 years, stabilized for 15 years, declined for 2–3 years, then stabilized again from about 2004. During the course of evolution, a gradual increase in genomic variability was observed that peaked in 2005–2010. We observed that the number of point mutations and novel epitopes in gag also peaked concurrently during 2005–2010. Conclusion It appears that as the HIV subtype A epidemic spread globally, changing population immunogenetic pressures may have played a role in steering immune-evolution of this subtype in new directions. This trend is apparent in the genomic variability and epitope diversity of HIV-1 subtype A gag sequences.
Uplink non-orthogonal access with MMSE-SIC in the presence of inter-cell interference

This paper investigates the system-level throughput performance of non-orthogonal access with minimum mean squared error-based linear filtering followed by a successive interference canceller (MMSE-SIC) in the cellular uplink. Although non-orthogonal access employing the MMSE-SIC achieves the entire region of the multiuser capacity in a multiple access channel (MAC), which should be beneficial in enhancing the total user throughput and cell-edge user throughput simultaneously compared to orthogonal access, the multiplexing of multiple users within the same frequency block increases the inter-cell interference in the context of the cellular uplink. The aim of the transmission power control method investigated in this paper is to mitigate the inter-cell interference increase due to non-orthogonal user multiplexing. We employ a weighted proportional fair (PF)-based multiuser scheduling scheme to achieve a good tradeoff between the total user throughput and cell-edge user throughput. Simulation results show that non-orthogonal access employing the MMSE-SIC using the proposed transmission power control significantly enhances the system-level throughput performance compared to orthogonal access, which is widely used in 3.9 and 4G mobile communication systems.
Neurology of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders

1. Neuroanatomy and Assessment of Cognitive-Behavioural Function 2. Functional Neuroimaging of Cognition 3. The Right Hemisphere, Interhemispheric Communication, and Consciousness 4. Attention and Attentional Disorders 5. Perception and Perceptual Disorders 6. Language, Aphasia, and Other Speech Disorders 7. Motor System and Behaviour 8. Memory and Memory Disorders 9. Executive Function and the Frontal Lobes 10. Emotion and the Limbic System 11. Therapy for Cognitive and Neurobehavioral Disorders
Secret sharing approaches for secure data warehousing and on-line analysis in the cloud

Les systemes d’information decisionnels dans le cloud Computing sont des solutions de plus en plus repandues. En effet, ces dernieres offrent des capacites pour l’aide a la decision via l’elasticite des ressources pay-per-use du Cloud. Toutefois, les questions de securite des donnees demeurent une des principales preoccupations notamment lorsqu'il s’agit de traiter des donnees sensibles de l’entreprise. Beaucoup de questions de securite sont soulevees en terme de stockage, de protection, de disponibilite, d'integrite, de sauvegarde et de recuperation des donnees ainsi que des transferts des donnees dans un Cloud public. Les risques de securite peuvent provenir non seulement des fournisseurs de services de cloud computing mais aussi d’intrus malveillants. Les entrepots de donnees dans les nuages devraient contenir des donnees securisees afin de permettre a la fois le traitement d'analyse en ligne hautement protege et efficacement rafraichi. Et ceci a plus faibles couts de stockage et d'acces avec le modele de paiement a la demande. Dans cette these, nous proposons deux nouvelles approches pour la securisation des entrepots de donnees dans les nuages basees respectivement sur le partage verifiable de cle secrete (bpVSS) et le partage verifiable et flexible de cle secrete (fVSS). L’objectif du partage de cle cryptee et la distribution des donnees aupres de plusieurs fournisseurs du cloud permet de garantir la confidentialite et la disponibilite des donnees. bpVSS et fVSS abordent cinq lacunes des approches existantes traitant de partage de cles secretes. Tout d'abord, ils permettent le traitement de l’analyse en ligne. Deuxiemement, ils garantissent l'integrite des donnees a l'aide de deux signatures interne et externe. Troisiemement, ils aident les utilisateurs a minimiser le cout de l’entreposage du cloud en limitant le volume global de donnees cryptees. Sachant que fVSS fait la repartition des volumes des donnees cryptees en fonction des tarifs des fournisseurs. Quatriemement, fVSS ameliore la securite basee sur le partage de cle secrete en imposant une nouvelle contrainte : aucun groupe de fournisseurs de service ne peut contenir suffisamment de volume de donnees cryptees pour reconstruire ou casser le secret. Et cinquiemement, fVSS permet l'actualisation de l'entrepot de donnees, meme si certains fournisseurs de services sont defaillants. Pour evaluer l'efficacite de bpVSS et fVSS, nous etudions theoriquement les facteurs qui influent sur nos approches en matiere de securite, de complexite et de cout financier dans le modele de paiement a la demande. Nous validons egalement experimentalement la pertinence de nos approches avec le Benchmark schema en etoile afin de demontrer son efficacite par rapport aux methodes existantes.
License plate character segmentation algorithm based on variable-length template matching

This paper proposes a variable-length template matching method for license plate (LP) character segmentation, according to the characteristics of horizontal and vertical projections. Firstly, it corrects skew and shear distortion with LP boundary and character arrangement rule to get frontal-parallel view of LP regions. Secondly, it projects horizontal gradient of LP along horizontal direction, and uses a set of variable-length single square wave templates to match the horizontal projection of LP's horizontal gradient, thus, to get the top and bottom boundaries of all LP characters. Then, according to the ratio between character with and character space, it designs another set of variable-length templates with seven square waves to match the vertical projections of LP's vertical gradient, and solves the left and right boundary of all LP characters simultaneously. This method can deal with non-uniform illumination, scale change, perspective distortion, image deterioration, background interference and so on, and it can achieve accurate boundaries of LP characters effectively.
The Language of Blood: A Memoir

An adoptee's search for identity takes her on a journey from Minnesota to Korea and back as she seeks to resolve the dualities that have long defined her life: Korean-born, American-raised, never fully belonging to either. For years, Korean adoptee Jane Jeong Trenka tried to be the ideal daughter. She was always polite, earned perfect grades, and excelled as a concert pianist. She went to church with her American family in small-town Minnesota and learned not to ask about the mother who had given her away. Then, while she was far from home on a music scholarship, living in a big city for the first time, one of her fellow university students began to follow her, his obsession ultimately escalating into a plot for her murder. In radiant prose that ranges seamlessly from pure lyricism to harrowing realism, Trenka recounts repeated close encounters with her stalker and the years of repressed questions that her ordeal awakened. Determined not to be defined by her stalker's twisted assessment of her worth, she struck out in search of her own identity-free of western stereotypes of geishas and good girls. Doing so, however, meant confronting her American family and fighting the bureaucracy at the agency that had arranged for her adoption.
Quantitative multiplexing analysis of PCR-amplified ribosomal RNA genes by hierarchical oligonucleotide primer extension reaction

A method, termed hierarchical oligonucleotide primer extension (HOPE), is developed for quantitative, multiplexing detection of DNA targets present in PCR-amplified community 16S rRNA genes. It involves strand extension reaction and multiple oligonucleotide primers modified with different lengths of polyA at the 5′ end and targeting 16S rRNA genes at different phylogenetic specificities. On annealing to the targets, these primers are extended with a single fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleoside triphosphate or a dye-terminator. Using a DNA autosequencer, these extended primers are separated and identified by size and dye color, and quantified and normalized based on the fluorescence intensities and internal size standards. Using a primer-to-target ratio >1000, constant primer extension efficiencies can be obtained with individual primers to establish a ‘calibration factor’ between individual primers and a universal or domain-specific primer, providing the relative abundance of targeted rRNA genes with respect to total rRNA genes. HOPE up to 10-plexing is demonstrated to correctly identify 20 different bacterial strains, and quantify different Bacteroides spp. in 16S rRNA gene amplicons from different model bacteria mixtures and the influent and effluent of a wastewater treatment plant. Single mismatch discrimination with detection sensitivity of a target down to 0.01–0.05% of total DNA template is achieved.