Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyclic Block Coordinate Algorithms for DOA Estimation in CoPrime Arrays

In this paper, two cyclic block coordinate minimization (CBCM) algorithms to solve the problem of the direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in co-prime arrays are proposed. These algorithms are developed in the context of nonnegative gridless compressive sensing for overcoming the grid mismatch that conventional grid-based sparse methods suffer from. In their processes relying on atom merging and atom activating, it is in subdomains of the continuous space that atom update is performed, which allows to have practically feasible computational complexity. We analyze convergence of our algorithms. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate that the proposed methods are superior to the joint sparsity reconstruction method (JLASSO) and the MUSIC method with spatial smoothing (SS-MUSIC) in terms of several criteria, and discuss their convergence properties.
SYNOVIAL SARCOMA OF THE NECK IN A CHILD: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is the most common nonrhabdomyosarcomatous soft tissue sarcoma in childhood, but the head–neck site accounts for less than 5% of cases. The authors report a 10-year-old boy with SYT-SSX1 positive left parapharyngeal SS, resistant to front-line VAIA chemotherapy, who obtained a good partial response by salvage regimen (I3VE + CEV + I3VE) and local radiotherapy, so a complete surgical resection could be performed. The complete remission was subsequently consolidated by ablative high-dose chemotherapy, followed by autologous stem cell reinfusion. The child remains in complete remission at 36 months after completion of treatment.
Development of high-performance cooling structure for PDP TV sets using computational fluid dynamics simulation with heat transfer based on Cartesian grid system

A simple and high-performance ldquomulti-flowrdquo cooling structure for plasma display panel television sets was developed using computational fluid dynamics with heat transfer based on Cartesian grid system. Upward flow induced by natural convection and fans in the conventional cooling structure has mainly contributed to cooling the plasma panel and boards. However, simulation results indicated that shortcut flows between the bottom and rear inlets and fans were formed along the back cover and the flows decreased the mean outlet-air temperature. The bottom and rear inlets were reduced for the multi-flow structure, and top and side inlets were added to directly induce the fresh flow toward the high-temperature regions at the upper area. In addition to the effects of the increased gaps between the base-chassis and boards, simulation and experimental results revealed that the cooling accomplished by the multi-flow structure was superior to that by the conventional structure.
Multi-level Network Optimization For Low Power

This paper describes a procedure for minimizing the power consumption in a boolean network under the zero delay model. Power is minimized by modifying the function of each intermediate node in the network such that the power consumption of the node is decreased without increasing the power consumption of the other nodes in the network. A formal analysis of how changes in the switching activity of an intermediate node affect the switching activity of other nodes in the networks is given first. Using this analysis, a procedure for calculating the set of compatible power don't cares for each node in the network is presented. Finally it is shown how these don't cares are used to optimize the network for low power. These techniques have been implemented and results show an average of 10% improvement in total power consumption of the network compared to the results generated by the conventional network optimization techniques.
About the CSIAC

Modern day detection of cyber threats is a highly manual process where teams of human analysts flag suspicious events while using assistive tools such as Bro and Snort. It is the analysts’ ability to discern suspicious activity and authority to make decisions on threats that place humans into central roles in the threat detection process. However, overreliance on human ability can lead to a high volume of undetected threats. As the tempo, diversity and complexity of cyberspace threats continues to increase, this shortcoming can only worsen. Therefore, there is a need for a new detection paradigm that is largely automated but where analysts maintain situational awareness and control of the process. We propose a synergistic detection process that captures the benefits of human cognition and machine computation while mitigating their weaknesses. The analyst provides context and domain knowledge, and the machines provide the ability to handle vast data at speed. BY: Noam Ben-Asher and Paul Yu, Army Research Laboratory (ARL) SYNERGISTIC ARCHITECTURE FOR HUMAN-MACHINE INTRUSION DETECTION
Predictive factors of systemic embolism in patients with mitral stenosis in sinus rhythm.

BACKGROUND Systemic embolism is one of the major complications in patients with mitral stenosis (MS) who are in atrial fibrillation; however, this serious complication can also occur in patients with MS in sinus rhythm. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to identify the predictive factors of systemic emboli in patients with MS in sinus rhythm. MATERIAL AND METHOD Twenty patients with MS in sinus rhythm with recent cerebral embolism and 32 with MS in sinus rhythm without any history of systemic embolism were studied between January 2004 and May 2006. Clinical and echocardiographic data were assessed using stepwise logistic regression for prediction of systemic embolism. RESULTS Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.26) and left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LASEC) grade 3+ and 4+ (OR, 46.42; 95% CI, 5.00-436.49) were associated with, and predictive of systemic emboli, whereas left atrial appendage contraction flow velocities, left atrial size and mitral valve area were not. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that age and LASEC are the major predictive factors of systemic embolism in patients with MS in sinus rhythm. It would therefore be prudent to give anticoagulants to patients in atrial fibrillation as well as to those in sinus rhythm at risk of systemic embolism.
Anterior cruciate ligament constructs fabricated from human mesenchymal stem cells in a collagen type I hydrogel.

BACKGROUND Disruptions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint are common and are currently treated using ligament or tendon grafts. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that it is possible to fabricate an ACL construct in vitro using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in combination with an optimized collagen type I hydrogel, which is in clinical use for autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT). METHODS ACL constructs were molded using a collagen type I hydrogel containing 5 x 10(5) MSC/mL and non-demineralized bone cylinders at each end of the constructs. The constructs were kept in a horizontal position for 10 days to allow the cells and the gel to remodel and attach to the bone cylinders. Thereafter, cyclic stretching with 1 Hz was performed for 14 days (continuously for 8 h/day) in a specially designed bioreactor. RESULTS Histochemical analysis for H and E, Masson-Goldner and Azan and immunohistochemical analysis for collagen types I and III, fibronectin and elastin showed elongated fibroblast-like cells embedded in a wavy orientated collagenous tissue, together with a ligament-like extracellular matrix in the cyclic stretched constructs. No orientation of collagen fibers and cells, and no formation of a ligament-like matrix, could be seen in the non-stretched control group cultured in a horizontal position without tension. RT-PCR analysis revealed an increased gene expression of collagen types I and III, fibronectin and elastin in the stretched constructs compared with the non-stretched controls. DISCUSSION In conclusion, ACL-like constructs from a collagen type I hydrogel, optimized for the reconstruction of ligaments, and MSC have been fabricated. As shown by other investigators, who analyzed the influence of cyclic stretching on the differentiation of MSC, our results indicate a ligament-specific increased protein and gene expression and the formation of a ligament-like extracellular matrix. The fabricated constructs are still too weak for animal experiments or clinical application and current investigations are focusing on the development of a construct with an internal augmentation using biodegradable fibers.
Stick Insect Genomes Reveal Natural Selection’s Role in Parallel Speciation

Stick to the Bush Can the underlying genetic changes driving the divergence of populations into new species be predicted or repeated? Soria-Carrasco et al. (p. 738) investigated the genetic changes observed after one generation when stick insect (Timema cristinae) populations were transplanted from their preferred host plants to alternative hosts. Diverged genetic regions were relatively small, with most loci showing divergence in a single population pair. However, the number of loci showing parallel divergence was greater than expected by chance. Thus, selection can drive parallel phenotypic evolution via parallel genetic changes. Parallel speciation in insects shows both convergent and divergent selection after one generation. Natural selection can drive the repeated evolution of reproductive isolation, but the genomic basis of parallel speciation remains poorly understood. We analyzed whole-genome divergence between replicate pairs of stick insect populations that are adapted to different host plants and undergoing parallel speciation. We found thousands of modest-sized genomic regions of accentuated divergence between populations, most of which are unique to individual population pairs. We also detected parallel genomic divergence across population pairs involving an excess of coding genes with specific molecular functions. Regions of parallel genomic divergence in nature exhibited exceptional allele frequency changes between hosts in a field transplant experiment. The results advance understanding of biological diversification by providing convergent observational and experimental evidence for selection’s role in driving repeatable genomic divergence.
Restore the natural - A review and case series report on reattachment

Reattachment of the original tooth fragment to the fractured tooth helps in maintaining the tooth’s color, wear resistance, morphology and translucency in the restoration. This article describes the reattachment of fractured fragment using a fiber post and dual cure resin cement with a self-etching adhesive. Two young male patients reported with a complicated crown fracture of the right maxillary central incisor due a road traffic accident. The fractured fragments were loosely attached to the palatal gingival tissue, which was then surgically removed and preserved for the reattachment procedure. The fractured tooth segments were successfully reattached following fiber post cementation. Tooth fragment reattachment procedure offers ultraconservative, safe, fast and esthetically pleasing results when the fractured fragment is available due to the improvement of adhesive techniques and restorative materials. Fiber reinforced resins not only allows creation of esthetic restoration but also the preservation and reinforcement of tooth structure. At the 18months follow-up, the resultant appearance was acceptable to the patient. Key words:Reattachment, bonding, complicated crown fracture, fibre post, resin cement.
Progression in prediagnostic Huntington disease

Objective To examine rates of decline in individuals at risk for Huntington disease (HD). Methods 106 individuals at risk for HD completed a battery of neurocognitive, psychomotor and oculomotor tasks at two visits, approximately 2.5 years apart. Participants were classified as: (1) without the CAG expansion (normal controls, NC; n=68) or (2) with the CAG expansion (CAG+; n=38). The CAG+ group was further subdivided into those near to (near; n=19) or far from (far; n=19) their estimated age of onset. Longitudinal performance in the CAG+ group was evaluated with a repeated measures model with two main effects (time to onset, visit) and their interaction. Analysis of covariance was employed to detect differences in longitudinal performance in the three groups (NC, near and far). Results In the CAG+, the interaction term was significant (p≤0.02) for four measures (movement time, alternate button tapping, variability of latency for a memory guided task and percentage of errors for a more complex memory guided task), suggesting the rate of decline was more rapid as subjects approached onset. Longitudinal progression in the three groups differed for several variables (p<0.05). In most, the near group had significantly faster progression than NC; however, comparisons of the NC and far groups were less consistent. Conclusions Different patterns of progression were observed during the prediagnostic period. For some measures, CAG+ subjects closer to estimated onset showed a more rapid decline while for other measures the CAG+ group had a constant rate of decline throughout the prediagnostic period that was more rapid than in NC.
Heraldry; Sources, Symbols, and Meaning

This volume is an illustrated history of the system, the art and the craft of heraldry. Each of the book's chapters focuses on one specific element of heraldry, seeking to bring an order and clarity to the ancient and intricate system of identification. Topics include: the rise and decline of jousting tournaments; the chivalric code; symbols of battles won passed from father to son and, eventually, to the seals of great nations; the origin of the "bar sinister"; and emblems brought back by the Crusaders from the Middle East and still used today to represent various countries. The book contains a display of heraldic devices and historical illustrations, maps, charts and diagrams.
Fractal Dimension of Trabecular Bone Projection Texture Is Related to Three‐Dimensional Microarchitecture

The purpose of this work was to understand how fractal dimension of two‐dimensional (2D) trabecular bone projection images could be related to three‐dimensional (3D) trabecular bone properties such as porosity or connectivity. Two alteration processes were applied to trabecular bone images obtained by magnetic resonance imaging: a trabeculae dilation process and a trabeculae removal process. The trabeculae dilation process was applied from the 3D skeleton graph to the 3D initial structure with constant connectivity. The trabeculae removal process was applied from the initial structure to an altered structure having 99% of porosity, in which both porosity and connectivity were modified during this second process. Gray‐level projection images of each of the altered structures were simply obtained by summation of voxels, and fractal dimension (Df) was calculated. Porosity (φ) and connectivity per unit volume (Cv) were calculated from the 3D structure. Significant relationships were found between Df, φ, and Cv. Df values increased when porosity increased (dilation and removal processes) and when connectivity decreased (only removal process). These variations were in accordance with all previous clinical studies, suggesting that fractal evaluation of trabecular bone projection has real meaning in terms of porosity and connectivity of the 3D architecture. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant linear dependence between Df and Cv when φ remained constant. Porosity is directly related to bone mineral density and fractal dimension can be easily evaluated in clinical routine. These two parameters could be associated to evaluate the connectivity of the structure.
Genetic diversity of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822) (Osteoglossiformes: Arapaimidae) in the Araguaia-Tocantins basin estimated by ISSR marker

The genetic diversity of the specimens of four natural populations of Arapaima from Araguaia-Tocantins basin was assessed within and among these stocks, using five primers for ISSR. COI (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ) partial sequences confirmed that the specimens belongs to Arapaima gigas . The ISSR provided 168 loci, of which 165 were polymorphic. However, the number of loci for each population and expected heterozygosity values were low. AMOVA showed 52.63% intra-population variation and 47.37% inter-population variation. The F ST was high among all populations (F ST ≥ 0.25), however, the cluster analysis (PCoA) and Bayesian inference showed three major groups: Araguaiana-MT + Sao Felix do Araguaia-MT, Novo Santo Antonio-MT and Itupiranga-PA. The genetic distance was not correlated with geographical distance. The ISSR marker revealed that the populations of the Araguaia-Tocantins are structured and have a low genetic diversity. These are the first data from a population analysis using molecular markers for A. gigas of Araguaia-Tocantins basins and may be used to define the best management strategies and conservation projects for this species.
Application of machine learning methods to cost estimation of product life cycle

Industry competitiveness depends on the cost, performance, and timely delivery of the product. Thus, an accurate, rapid, and robust product cost estimation model for the entire product life cycle is essential. This research applies two machine learning methods – back-propagation neural networks (BPNs) and least squares support vector machines (LS-SVMs) – to solve product life cycle cost estimation problems. The performance of a number of cost estimation models, statistical regression analyses, BPNs and LS-SVMs, are compared in terms of their performance. The estimation results and performance reveal that both LS-SVMs and BPNs can both provide more accurate performance than conventional models. We also make the first attempt to combine LS-SVMs and data transformation (DT) techniques to solve the outlier problem in the cost database. The cost estimation of airframe structure manufacturing was used to evaluate the feasibility of this novel combining mechanism. Finally, a more accurate, available, and generalisable cost estimation model is presented. This research can serve as a useful reference for product cost planning and control in industries.
Spatial and temporal aspects of signaling by GPCRs

Signaling by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is often considered a uniform process, whereby a homogeneously activated proportion of randomly distributed receptors are activated under equilibrium conditions and produce homogeneous, steady state intracellular signals. While this may be the case in some biological systems, the example of rhodopsin with its strictly local single-quantum mode of function shows that homogeneity in space and time cannot be a general property of G protein coupled systems. Recent work has now revealed many other systems where such simplicity does not prevail. Instead, a plethora of mechanisms allows much more complex patterns of receptor activation and signaling: different mechanisms of protein-protein interaction, temporal changes under non-equilibrium conditions, localized receptor activation, and localized 2 messenger generation and degradation, all shape receptor-generated signals and permit the creation of multiple signal types. Here we review the evidence for such pleiotropic receptor signaling in space and in time. This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. Molecular Pharmacology Fast Forward. Published on July 16, 2015 as DOI: 10.1124/mol.115. 100248 at A PE T Jornals on O cber 4, 2017 m oharm . aspeurnals.org D ow nladed from
Mechanism of Peptide-induced Mast Cell Degranulation

Substance P and other polycationic peptides are thought to stimulate mast cell degranulation via direct activation of G proteins. We investigated the ability of extracellularly applied substance P to translocate into mast cells and the ability of intracellularly applied substance P to stimulate degranulation. In addition, we studied by reverse transcription–-PCR whether substance P-specific receptors are present in the mast cell membrane. To study translocation, a biologically active and enzymatically stable fluorescent analogue of substance P was synthesized. A rapid, substance P receptor- and energy-independent uptake of this peptide into pertussis toxin-treated and -untreated mast cells was demonstrated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The peptide was shown to localize preferentially on or inside the mast cell granules using electron microscopic autoradiography with 125I-labeled all-D substance P and 3H-labeled substance P. Cell membrane capacitance measurements using the patch-clamp technique demonstrated that intracellularly applied substance P induced calcium transients and activated mast cell exocytosis with a time delay that depended on peptide concentration (delay of 100–500 s at concentrations of substance P from 50 to 5 μM). Degranulation in response to intracellularly applied substance P was inhibited by GDPβS and pertussis toxin, suggesting that substance P acts via G protein activation. These results support the recently proposed model of a receptor-independent mechanism of peptide-induced mast cell degranulation, which assumes a direct interaction of peptides with G protein α subunits subsequent to their translocation across the plasma membrane.
The design of a five-degree-of-freedom powered orthosis for the upper limb

Abstract In response to the need for a sophisticated powered upper-limb orthosis for use by people with disabilities and/or limb weakness or injury, the MULOS (motorized upper-limb orthotic system) has been developed. This is a five-degree-of-freedom electrically powered device having three degrees of freedom at the shoulder, one at the elbow and one to provide pronation/supination. The shoulder mechanism consists of a serial linkage having an equivalent centre of rotation close to that of the anatomical shoulder; this is a self-contained module in which power transmission is provided by tensioned cables. The elbow and pronation/supination modules are also self-contained. The system has been designed to operate under three modes of control: 1. As an assistive robot attached directly to the arm to provide controlled movements for people with severe disability. In this case, it can be operated by a variety of control interfaces, including a specially designed five-degree-of-freedom joystick. 2. Continuous passive motion for the therapy of joints after injury. The trajectory of the joints is selected by ‘walk-through’ programming and can be replayed for a given number of cycles at a chosen speed. 3. As an exercise device to provide strengthening exercises for elderly people or those recovering from injury or surgery. This mode has not been fully implemented at this stage. In assistive mode, prototype testing has demonstrated that the system can provide the movements required for a range of simple tasks and, in continuous passive motion (CPM) mode, the programming system has been successfully implemented. Great attention has been paid to all aspects of safety. Future work is required to identify problems of operation, and to develop new control interfaces.