Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On his terms: representations of sexuality in women's magazines and the implications for negotiating safe sex

Research on sexual content in women's magazines has identified dominant ideologies that promote sexual role stereotypes and privilege masculinity. We extend this analysis in a thematic analysis to examine representations of sex in two best selling Australian women's magazines and to examine how such ideologies may reduce women's abilities to negotiate safe sex. One main theme – hetero monogamy – and six subsidiary themes emerged. Being in a monogamous heterosexual relationship was presented as essential for every woman's happiness, with sex as the means for achieving and maintaining this state. Five subsidiary themes, labelled gender differences, great sex, reaching orgasm, appearance and single women, reinforced the message that, for women, sex was work and required instruction. The final theme, sexual health, revealed an alarming absence of information on negotiating safe sex, apart from referring to it as an ‘awkward conversation’, whereas unprotected sex was a sign of trust and commitment. Throughout the themes, there was a lack of recognition of women's sexual desires and sexual agency. We argue that these discourses have serious implications for women's sexual health.
Stress in time.

The goals of this research were to determine whether speakers adjust the stress patterns of words within sentences to create an alternation between strong and weak beats and to explore whether this rhythmic alternation contributes to the characteristics stress differences between two major lexical categories of English. Two experiments suggested that speakers do alter lexical stress in accordance with rhythmic biases. When speakers produced disyllabic pseudowords in sentence contexts, they were more likely to place stress on the first syllable when the pseudoword was preceded by a weak stress and followed by a strong one than when the strong stress preceded and the weak followed. This occurred both when the pseudowords served as nouns and when they served as verbs. Text analyses further revealed that weakly stressed elements precede nouns more often than verbs, whereas such elements follow verbs more often than nouns. Thus, disyllabic nouns are more likely than disyllabic verbs to occupy contexts biased toward trochaic rhythm, a finding consistent with leftward dominant stress in disyllabic English nouns. The history of stress changes in English nouns and verbs also conforms with the view that rhythmic context may have contributed to the evolution of stress differences. Together, the findings suggest that the citation stress patterns of words may to some degree reflect adaptations of lexical knowledge to conditions of language performance.
The definition of personality disorders and the criteria appropriate for their description.

Most psychiatric definitions are fuzzy, difficult to translate into diagnoses, and lacking in causal reference; as a consequence, diagnoses also tend to be unreliable and difficult to relate to methods of treatment (Eysenck, Wake field, & Friedman, 1983). The concept oipersonality disorders has inherited the well-known difficulties attending the notions of psychopathy and sociopathy, which were notorious as wastepaper categories for the disposal of patients not otherwise diagnosable. It raises, in particular clarity, the problem with all psychiatric diagnoses, namely whether categorical diag nostic entities are suitable for the description of psychiatric disorders, or whether dimensional approaches are more appropriate (Eysenck, 1970). The writer has argued, and produced supporting experimental evidence, that the categorical approach to classification may be more suitable to the
Heterogeneity of Macrolide-Lincosamide-Streptogramin B Resistance Phenotypes in Enterococci

ABSTRACT We determined the macrolide resistance phenotypes of 241 clinical isolates of erythromycin-resistant enterococci (MICs, ≥1 μg/ml), including 147 Enterococcus faecalis strains and 94 Enterococcus faecium strains, collected from a hospital in Seoul, Korea, between 1999 and 2000. By the erythromycin (40 μg)-josamycin (100 μg) double-disk test, 93 strains were assigned to the constitutive macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance (cMLSB) phenotype, and the remaining 148 strains were assigned to the inducible MLSB resistance (iMLSB) phenotype. Of the strains with the iMLSB phenotype, 36 exhibited a reversibly inducible MLSB (riMLSB) phenotype, i.e., blunting of the erythromycin zone of inhibition, which indicates that the 16-membered-ring macrolide josamycin is a more effective inducer than the 14-membered-ring macrolide erythromycin. Sequence analysis of the regulatory regions of the erm(B) genes from all of the strains exhibiting the riMLSB phenotype revealed not only erm(Bv) [where v represents variant; previously erm(AMR)] (n = 13), as reported previously, but also three kinds of erm(B) variants, which were designated erm(Bv1) (n = 17), erm(Bv2) (n = 3), and erm(Bv3) (n = 3), respectively. In lacZ reporter gene assays of these variants, the 16-membered-ring macrolide tylosin had stronger inducibility than erythromycin at ≥0.1 μg/ml. These findings highlight the versatility of erm(B) in induction specificity.
Adverse drug event trigger tool: a practical methodology for measuring medication related harm

Adverse drug events continue to be the single most frequent source of healthcare mishaps, continually placing patients at risk of injury. This is not unexpected, given that drug treatment is the most common medical intervention and medication use is a highly complex, multidisciplinary, and largely manual process. Assessing the actual safety of drug use has been historically difficult, mainly because traditional methods such as chart audits and voluntary reporting of data have been shown to be expensive, insensitive, and largely ineffective for detecting mistakes in drug administration and drug related adverse clinical events (ADEs). Computerized methods for detecting ADEs, employing sentinel words or “triggers” in a patient’s medical record, are effective but expensive and require customized software linkage to pharmacy databases. This paper describes the use of the “trigger tool”, a relatively low cost and “low tech” modification of the automated technique. The adapted technique appears to increase the rate of ADE detection approximately 50-fold over traditional reporting methodologies.
A Longitudinal Examination of Adolescent and Young Adult Homeless Experience, Life Course Transitions, and Health

While many have studied the antecedents of homelessness and health status among the actively homeless, no studies have evaluated the long-term health outcomes of formerly homeless adolescents and young adults. In this article, we examine the prospective association of early homeless experience and health outcomes after homelessness has subsided and whether factors that impede successful life course transitions following homeless experiences (e.g., low education attainment, depressive symptoms) mediate these associations. Among 4,651 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth–Child Study participants, formerly homeless adolescents and young adults (aged 15–25) were at greater risk of developing asthma, health-limiting conditions (HLCs), and fair/poor self-rated health over 8 years of follow-up, particularly among females. Factors that disrupt life course transitions mediated associations for asthma and HLCs. Using 20 years of life course information, this study demonstrates the enduring health risks for adolescents and young adults with homeless experience as they age.
Impact of primary and secondary machinery tracks on fine root growth of sugar maple after selection cutting

Selection cutting, where approximately 30% of the trees are removed every 30 years, is the main silvicultural treatment used in temperate deciduous forests of Quebec (Canada). Concerns have been raised that the use of heavy machi- nery is creating soil disturbances that are negatively affecting the growth and survival of remaining trees. The aim of the study was to determine if heavy machinery is affecting the growth, morphology, and architecture of sugar maple (Acer sac- charum Marsh.) fine roots in and around machinery tracks left after selection logging. The study site, a sugar maple domi- nated stand, was located in southern Quebec. Root ingrowth bags and standard root cores were used to compare fine root growth, morphology, and architecture in and around machinery tracks one year after logging. Fine root growth of maple was reduced fivefold in both primary (multiple trip) and secondary (only one trip) machinery tracks compared with the con- trol. There was a nonstatistical reduction in fine root growth within 1 m of the tracks. Because machinery tracks cover be- tween 15% and 25% of a stand after selection logging, such reduction in fine root growth could be significant for the growth and survival of the remaining mature maple trees. Resume : La coupe jardinatoire, qui consiste a recolter environ 30 % du peuplement a tous les 30 ans, represente le traite- ment sylvicole le plus utilise dans la foret feuillue temperee au Quebec (Canada). Des inquietudes ont ete soulevees au sujet des effets nefastes que les perturbations du sol causees par la machinerie lourde pourraient avoir sur la croissance et la sur- vie des arbres residuels. L'objectif de l'etude etait de determiner si la machinerie lourde affecte la croissance, la morpholo- gie et l'architecture des racines fines de l'erable a sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.) dans et pres des sentiers laisses par la machinerie lors d'une coupe jardinatoire. Une erabliere ayant subi une coupe jardinatoire a la fin de l'ete 2006 a ete selec- tionnee dans le sud du Quebec. Des sacs de croissance ainsi que des carottes de sol ont ete utilises afin de comparer la croissance, la morphologie et l'architecture des racines fines dans et pres des sentiers, au cours de l'annee suivant la coupe jardinatoire. La croissance des racines fines de l'erable a sucre a ete reduite de cinq fois, autant dans les sentiers primaires (utilises plusieurs fois) que secondaires (utilises une seule fois) par rapport au temoin. Une diminution non significative de la croissance racinaire a une distance d'un metre et moins du sentier a ete observee. Considerant que les sentiers primaires et secondaires couvrent habituellement 15 a 25 % d'un peuplement a la suite a d'une coupe jardinatoire, il est probable qu'une telle reduction de la croissance des racines fines affecte negativement la croissance et la survie des erables residuels situes pres des sentiers.
Contact RingDoorBell GotoPatientRoom Move GuidetoPhysio CheckUserPresent TerminateGuidance ConfirmGuidetoPhysio Assist Act Remind RemindPhysioAppt RemindVitamin Rest Recharge

This paper describes a robot controller which uses probabilistic decision-making techniques at the highest-level of behavior control. The POMDP-based robot controller has the ability to incorporate noisy and partial sensor information, and can arbitrate between information gathering and performance-related actions. The complexity of the robot control domain requires a POMDP model that is beyond the capability of current exact POMDP solvers, therefore we present a hierarchical variant of the POMDP model which exploits structure in the problem domain to accelerate planning. This POMDP controller is implemented and tested onboard a mobile robot in the context of an interactive service task. During the course of experiments conducted in an assisted living facility, the robot successfully demonstrated that it could autonomously provide guidance and information to elderly residents with mild physical and cognitive disabilities.
Exploiting Process Variability in Voltage/Frequency Control

Fine-grained dynamic voltage/frequency scaling (DVFS) is an important tool in managing the balance between power and performance in chip-multiprocessors. Although manufacturing process variations are giving rise to significant core-to-core variations in power and performance, traditional DVFS controllers are unaware of these variations. Exploiting the different power profiles of the cores can significantly improve energy efficiency. Process variations do not significantly affect dynamic power, so less-leaky processing units are more energy-efficient than their leakier counterparts at a given supply voltage and frequency. Taking advantage of this observation, three existing DVFS control algorithms are modified to shift work from inefficient, leaky processing units to efficient, less leaky ones, maintaining performance while reducing total power consumption. This work-shifting is carried out both between dies in a given speed bin and between voltage/frequency islands on a given die. The gains enabled by incorporating variability-awareness into the three DVFS algorithms are demonstrated on both multithreaded and multiprogrammed workloads. For a baseline 16-core design with per-core voltage/frequency islands (VFIs) and a 4×4 mesh on-chip network, the aggregate power per squared throughput (power/throughput2 or P/T2) over all fabricated dies is reduced by 9.2%, 5.7%, and 7.7% for the three controllers. Chip multiprocessor designs using other VFI granularities and network topologies are also examined.
Multivariate linear regression analysis of childhood psychopathology using multiple informant data

It is common in psychiatric epidemiologic studies of childhood psychopathology to have multiple informant reports of mental health outcomes. The key challenge in analysing multiple informant data concerns how they should best be represented in statistical models. Here we propose multivariate linear regression as the preferred method when the multiple informant outcome data are continuous. This approach permits the informant‐specific information about mental health outcomes to be included in a single regression analysis, at the same time adjusting for the correlation between informant responses. The advantages of using a multivariate model include the ability to: (1) test for informant differences in outcome and assess if the effect of a risk factor on the outcome varies by informant; (2) estimate separate effects for each informant where necessary, or common effects where appropriate; (3) estimate the correlation between informant reports; (4) appropriately handle missing data by including data from all subjects with at least one informant report. An example from the Connecticut Child Study is presented to illustrate the application of this approach, examining risk factors for ‘internalizing’ behaviour using parent and teacher informants. Copyright © 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Enhancement of the S-MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are being widely deployed and used in sensing, collecting, and disseminating data for various applications in the environmental, industrial, and military sectors. The primary concern in WSNs lies in minimizing the communication between sensor nodes while achieving the desired network operation; thus extending the life time of sensor nodes. In this paper we present an enhancement for the S-MAC protocol that emphasizes energy awareness during the process of selecting intermediate nodes. This new enhancement overcomes a major drawback of S-MAC characterized by overhearing at intermediate nodes.
Anxiety and attention

Normal individuals high and low in anxiety differ from each other in their attentional functioning in various ways. More specifically, they differ with respect to the content, capacity, distractibility and selectivity of attention. Any complete theoretical account of anxiety and attention will have to account for all four differences, although it is likely that these various aspects of attentional functioning are dynamically interrelated. Anxious patients with generalized anxiety disorder appear to differ from normal controls in similar ways, and there is evidence that some aspects at least of non-normal attentional functioning in anxious patients may reflect a vulnerability factor rather than merely an anxious mood state.
Item readability and science achievement in TIMSS 2003 in South Africa

This study investigated the relationship between readability of 73 text-only multiple-choice questions from Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2003 and performance of two groups of South African learners: those with limited English-language proficiency (learners attending African schools) and those with better English-language proficiency (learners attending non-African schools). Both groups were exposed to the same intended curriculum, but differed with respect to the quality of teaching they received, the availability of resources, and the level of functionality of their schools. Learners from non-African schools performed significantly better than learners from African schools. Three readability factors (sentence complexity, unfamiliar words, and long words) were analyzed. High sentence complexity resulted in random guessing in non-African schools, and favoring an incorrect answer in African schools. Some TIMSS items have complex wording, with numerous prepositional phrases and clauses, and unclear questions. Recommendations for maximum readability and comprehensibility were not met, and these items are therefore invalid for learners with limited English-language proficiency. Learners employ a range of strategies in attempting to answer questions that they do not understand. Overall, though, poor readability of TIMSS items does not fully account for South African learners' poor performance in TIMSS. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci. Ed91:906–925. 2007
Anxiety Sensitivity and Depression: Explaining Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Female Veterans With Chronic Pain

Female veterans report more severe levels of chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms than their male counterparts. Researchers have postulated that these conditions can mutually maintain each other. The current study tested whether anxiety sensitivity and depression account for the association between chronic pain and PTSD symptoms in a sample of female veterans (N = 42) with chronic pain. We found that pain unpleasantness, anxiety sensitivity, and depression all predict PTSD symptoms. As hypothesized, anxiety sensitivity and depression emerged as unique predictors of PTSD symptoms when simultaneously entered into the model with pain unpleasantness. Clinical implications are discussed.
Guitar Fingering for Music Performance

This paper presents a computational model of fingering for string instruments, based on a graph search approach. The implemented fingering model, which accounts for the bio-mechanical constraints of the performer’s hand, is interfaced with a physical model of the classical guitar, which exploits the fingering to compute some sound synthesis parameters. The output of the system is validated against the performance of a human expert.
Bilingualism and diglossia: patterns of language use by ethnic minorities in Tehran

The patterns of language use by the speakers of Armenian as well as of the Azerbeijani-Turkish language in Tehran are outlined. It is sought to ®nd out how and why the choice of any linguistic code is favored by the members of a given community in dierent situations. Certain reconceptualizations in diglossia theory are also suggested. It is argued that while the type of bilingualism and the extent of its association with diglossia varies from one community to the other, some common patterns can be found to form the basis of a model that can be applicable to diverse circumstances.
Combining Ontology Alignment Metrics Using the Data Mining Techniques

Several metrics have been proposed for recognition of relationships between elements of two Ontologies. Many of these methods select a number of such metrics and combine them to extract existing mappings. In this article, we present a method for selection of more effective metrics – based on data mining techniques. Furthermore, by having a set of metrics, we suggest a data-mining-like means for combining them into a better ontology alignment.
Contemporary Iranian Feminism: Identity, Rights and Interpretations

In the last decade a body of literature has been written on the phenomenon of `Islamic Feminism,' which closely links it to a human rights discourse in Muslim countries. The term `Islamic Feminism' may seem a paradox, but by using Iran as a case study this article demonstrates that the idea of feminisms in Muslim societies, rather than being paradoxical, is actually a legitimate and potentially powerful force. In this paper Iranian feminists are categorized into four groups: Islamic state feminists, Islamic non-state feminists, Muslim feminists and secular feminists. Each group is differentiated according to their interpretations of fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence), their use of ijtihad (independent reasoning) and their relations to human rights and to the government. The novel concept of feminist dependency paradigm is also explored. The dependency paradigm investigates the multi-layered dependencies of the feminists to the state, to foreign funders, intellectuals, and to the family.
Chemical and biological pollution contribute to the immunological profiles of free‐ranging harbor seals

Polychlorinated biphenyls and other persistent organic pollutants have been associated with immunotoxicity and outbreaks of (infectious) disease in marine mammals by rendering them vulnerable to infection by pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. In an immunotoxicological study of free‐ranging harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), we obtained samples of blood and blubber from seal pups that were live‐captured from two remote and two near‐urban sites in British Columbia, Canada, and Washington state, USA. Using these samples, we quantified hematology, innate immune function, adaptive immune function, and polychlorinated biphenyl accumulation. While controlling for confounding factors (age, sex, and condition), univariate correlations between phagocytosis (r2 = 0.30, p = 0.002), respiratory burst (r2 = 0.45, p = 0.000), T‐lymphocyte function (r2 = 0.16, p = 0.028), lymphocyte signaling (r2 = 0.17, p = 0.025), and lymphocyte counts (r2 = 0.29, p = 0.002), and polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations suggested chemical‐associated immunotoxicity. Principal component analysis of immunological endpoints provided additional evidence of immunotoxic effects in seals. However, principal component analysis also identified a noncontaminant‐related factor by distinguishing between seals inhabiting urban versus remote sites, with results being consistent with increased pathogen exposure. Elevated fecal coliform concentrations in water, and observations of terrestrial spill‐over pathogens in local seals, further support the notion of biological pollution at these sites. Although our study highlights the role that environmental contaminants might play in rendering marine mammal populations vulnerable to disease through immunotoxicity, it also suggests that biological pollution represents an emerging conservation concern.
Cultivating Faculty Support for Institutional Effectiveness Activities: Benchmarking best practices

This study examines faculty perspectives on accreditation-driven institutional effectiveness activities in higher education and measures the impact of four predictor variables on faculty perceptions about the importance of institutional effectiveness activities. The findings suggest that three variables are critical to faculty support for institutional effectiveness activities: (i) institutional motivation for pursuing these activities; (ii) level of involvement or participation in institutional effectiveness activities; and (iii) definition of quality. The findings suggest some best practices that institutions can use to cultivate faculty support for institutional effectiveness initiatives.