Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application Research on Cubic Spline Interpolation Based on Particle Swarm Optimization in Mine Pressure Missing Data

To interpolate mine pressure missing data, it is proposed that cubic spline interpolation algorithm based particle swarm optimization. The algorithm use particle swarm optimization to solve the coefficients of cubic spline interpolation function, in order to reduce the tedious of solving the coefficients of cubic spline interpolation. By the analysis of the interpolation of mine pressure missing data in different working face in same place, and difference working face in difference place, the interpolated results and the actual values are close, therefore, it is effective that cubic spline interpolation algorithm based on particle swarm optimization for the interpolation of mine pressure missing data.
Opinions of Instructors about Reading Skills of Syrian Students Learning Turkish.

The outbreak of domestic turmoil in Syria in 2011 forced Syrian people to seek refuge in the neighbouring countries, one of which was Turkey. This situation brought many problems, the primary of which was language. In this sense, teaching Turkish to Syrian students became a necessity. Therefore, conducting research on language skills was seriously important. This paper focused on educating Syrian students on Turkish reading skill. The work-group included 11 instructors working on Turkish teaching centres in Cukurova University and Adana Science and Technology University. Interview forms were used to get data prepared with the help of experts’ opinions. Content analysis method was used in evaluating data. Data obtained from the interview forms were categorized and the codes were identified. The codes were interpreted and classified in accordance with their meaning. The same patterns of metaphors were grouped under the same title, then the frequency rates of the codes were identified. In order to explain the meanings of the codes, the instructors’ opinions were quoted. According to the study data, the reasons for the difficulties in reading skill of the students are: being prejudiced to Turkish, feeling under pressure while reading Turkish texts, difficulty in explaining the meaning of any reading text, and alphabetical difference. It could be suggested that more sufficient texts should be used in classes and that instructors should be qualified enough to improve the students’ reading skills. Key words: Syrian students, reading skill, instructor, opinion.
Masses for the Local Group and the Milky Way

We use the very large Millennium Simulation of the concordance Lambda cold dark matter cosmogony to calibrate the bias and error distribution of Timing Argument estimators of the masses of the Local Group and of the Milky Way. From a large number of isolated spiral spiral pairs similar to the Milky Way/Andromeda system, we find the interquartile range of the ratio of timing mass to true mass to be a factor of 1.8, while the 5 and 95 per cent points of the distribution of this ratio are separated by a factor of 5.7. Here, we define true mass as the sum of the `virial' masses, M(200), of the two dominant galaxies. For present best values of the distance and approach velocity of Andromeda, this leads to a median likelihood estimate of the true mass of the Local Group of 5.27 x 10(12) M(circle dot) or M(LG)/M(circle dot) = 12.72, with an interquartile range of [12.58, 12.83] and a 5-95 per cent range of [12.26, 13.01]. Thus, a 95 per cent lower confidence limit on the true mass of the Local Group is 1.81 x 10(12) M(circle dot). A timing estimate of the Milky Way's mass based on the large recession velocity observed for the distant satellite Leo I works equally well, although with larger systematic uncertainties. It gives an estimated virial mass for the Milky Way of 2.43 x 10(12) M(circle dot) with a 95 per cent lower confidence limit of 0.80 x 10(12) M(circle dot).
Detection of the staphylococcal multiresistance gene cfr in Proteus vulgaris of food animal origin.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the presence and the genetic environment of the multiresistance gene cfr in naturally occurring Gram-negative bacteria of pigs. METHODS A total of 391 bacterial isolates with florfenicol MICs of ≥16 mg/L, obtained from 557 nasal swabs of individual pigs, were screened by PCR for the known florfenicol resistance genes. The species assignment of the cfr-carrying isolate was based on the results of Gram's staining, colony morphology, 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical profiling. The location of the cfr and floR genes was determined by Southern blotting and the regions flanking the cfr gene were sequenced by a modified random primer walking strategy. RESULTS A single Proteus vulgaris isolate, which carried the genes floR and cfr, was detected in this study. A cfr-carrying segment of 7 kb with homology to a staphylococcal plasmid was found to be inserted into the chromosomal fimD gene of P. vulgaris. This segment was flanked by two IS26 elements located in the same orientation, which are believed to have played a role in this integration process. Stability testing via inverse PCR approaches showed that this integrate is not entirely stable, but the cfr-carrying centre region plus one IS26 copy can be looped out via IS26-mediated recombination. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the cfr gene in a naturally occurring Gram-negative bacterium. Surveillance and monitoring of the cfr gene in Gram-negative bacteria are warranted with respect to food safety and consumer protection.
Signature Tree Generation for Polymorphic Worms

Network-based signature generation (NSG) has been proposed as a way to automatically and quickly generate accurate signatures for worms, especially polymorphic worms. In this paper, we propose a new NSG system-PolyTree, to defend against polymorphic worms. We observe that signatures from worms and their variants are relevant and a tree structure can properly reflect their familial resemblance. Hence, in contrast to an isolated view of generated signatures in previous approaches, PolyTree organizes signatures extracted from worm samples into a tree structure, called signature tree, based on the formally defined "more specific” relation of simplified regular expression signatures. PolyTree is composed of two components, signature tree generator and signature selector. The signature tree generator implements an incremental signature tree generation algorithm from worm sample clustering, up-to-date signature refinement to efficient tree construction. The incremental signature tree construction gives insight on how the worm variants evolve over time and allows signature refinement upon a new worm sample arrival. The signature selector chooses a set of signatures for worm detection from a benign traffic pool and the current signature tree constructed by the signature tree generator. Experiments show that PolyTree cannot only generate accurate signatures for polymorphic worms with noise, but these signatures are well organized in the signature tree to reflect the inherent relations of worms and their variants.
Response of convection to relative SST : Cloud-resolving 1 simulations in 2 D and 3 D 2

3 The properties of equilibrated tropical convection are studied using a cloud-resolving model 4 with large-scale dynamics parameterized by the weak temperature gradient (WTG) 5 approximation. Model integrations are carried out in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-6 dimensional (3D) geometries. The target profile towards which horizontal mean free 7 tropospheric temperature is relaxed is held fixed while SST is varied. Consistent with previous 8 studies, large-scale ascent and precipitation increase under WTG as the SST is increased, but 9 more rapidly in 2D than 3D. This is related to greater extremes of near-surface buoyancy in 2D 10 as well as a lower gross moist stability, and perhaps also to weaker entrainment. In both 2D and 11 3D, the vertical profiles of large-scale vertical velocity are top-heavy and remarkably self-similar 12 in shape as SST is increased. When all integrations are analyzed together, precipitation increases 13 with column-integrated relative humidity once the latter reaches a threshold, as in observations 14 and other models. However, within each integration, the two quantities are correlated negatively, 15 albeit over a very narrow range.
Ranking Functions, AGM Style

Ranking functions, having their first appearance under the name „ordinale Konditionalfunktionen“ in my Habilitationsschrift submitted in 1983, had several precursors of which I was only incompletely aware, among them Shackle’s functions of potential surprise (see Shackle 1969), Rescher’s plausibility indexing (see Rescher 1976), Adams’ e-semantics (see Adams 1975), Cohen’s inductive probabilities (see Cohen 1977), Shafer’s consonant belief functions (see Shafer 1976, ch. 10), and Ellis’ rational belief systems (see Ellis 1979). Concerning the actual genesis, however, their ancestor was Peter Gardenfors’ early work on belief revision (see Gardenfors 1979, 1981). This work inspired me enormously, perhaps because I found there the dynamical perspective to be most salient, and so I eventually came up with the ranking functions. To my surprise, however, belief revision theory and ranking theory went mainly separate ways. I am not sure about the reasons (I offer some speculations below), but in any case I believe that the separation is unnecessary. This paper intends to narrow the gap from the side of ranking functions. It tries to do so in four parts. Section 1 starts by resuming the mutual criticisms. Section 2 briefly introduces ranking theory and how it reflects belief revision theory. Section 3 tries to overcome the main reservation concerning ranking functions by discussing
Prevalence and pattern of rheumatic heart disease in the Nigerian savannah: an echocardiographic study

Summary Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a major public health problem in developing countries. Whereas Africa has 10% of the world’s population, as many as half of the 2.4 million children affected by RHD globally live on the continent. RHD accounts for a major proportion of all cardiovascular disease in children and young adults in African countries. While acute rheumatic fever is on the decline even in the developing world, there are still a large number of chronic rheumatic heart disease cases, often complicated by chronic congestive heart failure and recurrent thrombo-embolic phenomena, both posing greater challenges for management. We report on the prevalence and pattern of valve involvement in RHD using echocardiography from our centre. Methods In this retrospective study, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) data collected from two echocardiography laboratories in Kano over a period of 48 months (June 2002 to May 2006) were reviewed. Patients with a diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease were selected. Information obtained from the records included the age, gender, clinical diagnosis and echocardiographic diagnoses. Results A total of 1 499 echocardiographic examinations were done in the two centres over the four-year study period. One hundred and twenty-nine of the 1 312 patients (9.8%) with abnormal results had an echocardiographic diagnosis of RHD. There were 47 males and 82 females (ratio 1:1.7) and their ages ranged from five to 60 (mean 24.02 ± 12.75) years. Mitral regurgitation was the commonest echocardiographic diagnosis present in 49 patients (38.0%). Thirty-six (27.9%) patients had mixed mitral valve disease, 25 (19.5%) had mixed aortic and mitral valve disease, 10 (7.8%) had pure mitral stenosis and four (3.1) had pure aortic regurgitation. Complications of RHD observed included secondary pulmonary hypertension in 103 patients (72.1%), valvular cardiomyopathy in 41 (31.8%), and functional tricuspid regurgitation was seen in 39 (30.2%). Conclusion Our data show that RHD is still an important cause of cardiac morbidity and a large proportion of the patients already had complications at diagnosis. There is an urgent need to implement the ASAP programme of the Drakensberg declaration to avert this scourge.
ESTIMATING THE ESSENTIAL MATRIX: GOODSAC VERSUS RANSAC

GOODSAC is a paradigm for estimation of model parameters given measurements that are contaminated by outliers. Thus, it is an alternative to the well known RANSAC strategy. GOODSAC’s search for a proper set of inliers does not only maximize the sheer size of this set, but also takes other assessments for the utility into account. Assessments can be used on many levels of the process to control the search and foster precision and proper utilization of the computational resources. This contribution discusses and compares the two methods. In particular, the estimation of essential matrices is used as example. The comparison is performed on synthetic and real data and is based on standard statistical methods, where GOODSAC achieves higher precision than RANSAC.
Plasticity of Executive Control Induced by Process-Based Cognitive Training Across the Life-Span

1 1 General Introduction 3 1.1 Plasticity of cognitive functions . 5 1.2 Executive control functions . 6 1.3 Cognitive training of executive control functions . 9 1.3. 1 Transfer effects of executive control trainings . 10 1.3. 2 Maintenance of training and transfer effects of executive control trainings . 12 1.3. 3 Factors that may influence the efficiency of executive control training 13 2 Outline and Central Questions 19 2.1 What amount of plasticity does executive control training induce in different age groups? 19 2.2 Do training and transfer effects of executive control training remain stable over time? 20 2.3 Do training design, age, and baseline performance moderate the amount of plasticity? 20 2.4 Are changes in trained tasks specifically related to changes in transfer tasks? 21 3 Study 1 Effects of a Task Switching Training in Adolescents 22 3.
Ju n 20 03 Interaction-free generation of entanglement

In this paper, we study how to generate entanglement by interaction-free measurement. Using Kwiat et al.’s interferometer, we construct a two-qubit quantum gate that changes a particle’s trajectory according to the other particle’s trajectory. We propose methods for generating the Bell state from an electron and a positron and from a pair of photons by this gate. We also show that using this gate, we can carry out the Bell measurement with the probability of 3/4 at the maximum and execute a controlled-NOT operation by the method proposed by Gottesman and Chuang with the probability of 9/16 at the maximum. We estimate the success probability for generating the Bell state by our procedure under imperfect interaction.
Geometric local controllability: second-order conditions

The notion of a control-affine system is abstracted to its geometric essence: an affine subbundle. The notions of control systems and controllability are presented, and general second-order conditions for local controllability are given. The conditions are notable in that their hypotheses involve only the affine subbundle, and objects directly related to it. In this way the conditions we give are guaranteed to be independent of feedback transformations.
Monaural Separation of Dependent Audio Sources Based on a Generalized Wiener Filter

This paper presents a two-stage approach for single- channel separation of dependent audio sources. The proposed algorithm is developed in the Bayesian framework and designed for general audio signals. In the first stage of the algorithm, the joint distribution of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) coefficients of the dependent sources is modeled by complex Gaussian mixture models in the frequency domain from samples of individual sources to capture the properties of the sources and their correlation. During the second stage, the mixture is separated through a generalized Wiener filter, which takes correlation term and local stationarity into account. The performance of the algorithm is tested on real audio signals. The results show that the proposed algorithm works very well when the dependent sources have comparable variances and linear correlation.
Induction of focal adhesions and motility in Drosophila S2 cells

In this study, normally immotile S2 cells are engineered to induce the formation of focal adhesions and cell motility by the transfection of a single gene encoding an integrin subunit. It is demonstrated that the focal adhesions recruit expected components and exhibit mechanosensitive behavior on integrin-ligand substrates of different stiffnesses.
PSE: explaining program failures via postmortem static analysis

In this paper, we describe PSE (Postmortem Symbolic Evaluation), a static analysis algorithm that can be used by programmers to diagnose software failures. The algorithm requires minimal information about a failure, namely its kind (e.g. NULL dereference), and its location in the program's source code. It produces a set of execution traces along which the program can be driven to the given failure. PSE tracks the flow of a single value of interest from the point in the program where the failure occurred back to the points in the program where the value may have originated. The algorithm combines a novel dataflow analysis and memory alias analysis in a manner that allows for precise exploration of the program's behavior in polynomial time. We have applied PSE to the problem of diagnosing potential NULL-dereference errors in a suite of C programs, including several SPEC benchmarks and a large commercial operating system. In most cases, the analysis is able to either validate a pointer dereference, or find precise error traces demonstrating a NULL value for the pointer, in less than a second.
Obtaining Status Descriptions via Automatic Analysis of Hospital Patient Records

This article describes the automatic processing of medical texts in order to extract important patient characteristics, thus turning the free text description into a structured internal representation. Shallow text analysis is implemented due to the medical language complexity. The paper sketches the information extraction process and discusses the role of domain knowledge in text analysis. The approach to domain model construction is presented. Evaluation results concerning extraction of patient diagnoses and status are summarised. Povzetek: Predstavljena je metoda za gradnjo semanticnih podatkov o pacientih iz nestrukturiranega besedila.
The Development of the Corpus Callosum in the Healthy Human Brain

The corpus callosum changes structurally throughout life, but most dramatically during childhood and adolescence. Even so, existing studies of callosal development tend to use parcellation schemes that may not capture the complex spatial profile of anatomical changes. Thus, more detailed mapping of callosal growth processes is desirable to create a normative reference. This will help to relate and interpret other structural, functional, and behavioral measurements, both from healthy subjects and pediatric patients. We applied computational surface-based mesh-modeling methods to analyze callosal morphology at extremely high spatial resolution. We mapped callosal development and explored sex differences in a large and well matched sample of healthy children and adolescents (n = 190) aged 5–18 years. Except for the rostrum in females, callosal thickness increased across the whole surface, with sex- and region-specific rates of growth, and at times shrinkage. The temporally distinct changes in callosal thickness are likely to be a consequence of varying degrees of axonal myelination, redirection, and pruning. Alternating phases of callosal growth and shrinkage may reflect a permanent adjustment and fine-tuning of fibers connecting homologous cortical areas during childhood and adolescence. Our findings emphasize the importance of taking into account sex differences in future studies, as existing developmental effects might remain disguised (or biased toward the effect of the dominant sex in unbalanced statistical designs) when pooling male and female samples.
MIMO Channels in the Low-SNR Regime: Communication Rate, Error Exponent, and Signal Peakiness

We consider multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels and characterize the reliability function in the low signal-to-noise (SNR) regime as a function of the number of transmit and receive antennas. For the case when the fading matrix H has independent entries, we show that the number of transmit antennas plays a key role in reducing the peakiness in the input signal required to achieve the optimal error exponent for a given communication rate. Further, by considering a correlated channel model, we show that the maximum performance gain (in terms of the error exponent and communication rate) is achieved when the entries of the channel fading matrix are fully correlated. The results we presented in this work in the low-SNR regime can also be applied to the infinite bandwidth regime
A hCXCR1 transgenic mouse model containing a conditional color‐switching system for imaging of hCXCL8/IL‐8 functions in vivo

To address the functions of human CXCL8 (hCXCL8)/IL‐8 through hCXCR1 in vivo, we have developed a humanized, transgenic mouse for hCXCR1. This mouse line is versatile and allows for a variety of functional analyses using bioimaging, including Cre/loxP‐mediated, tissue‐specific hCXCR1 expression in a spatiotemporal manner; a color‐switching mechanism, which uses spectrum‐complementary, genetically encoded green and red fluorescence markers to label the hCXCR1‐expressing cells [enhanced GFP (eGFP)] against the background [monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP)]; a bioluminescent marker, which is present in the hCXCR1‐expressing cells; and an exogenous cell surface marker (eGFP moiety) in the hCXCR1‐expressing cells, which facilitates identification, isolation, and targeting of these cells. The established, transgenic founder line RCLG3A (TG+) expresses only mRFP and does so ubiquitously. When the RCLG3A mice are crossed with the tamoxifen‐inducible, whole‐tissue Cre mice (ROSA26‐Cre/Esr+/−), administration of tamoxifen induces whole‐body hCXCR1 expression and color‐switching. When RCLG3A mice are crossed with thymocyte‐specific Cre mice (Lck‐Cre+/+), the hCXCR1 expression and color‐switching are restricted in a lineage‐specific manner. This mouse line can be used to understand the functions of hCXCL‐8 in vivo. In addition, our approach and vectors can be used to establish other tissue‐specific, transgenic mice in conjunction with multifunctional cell markers, which facilitate cell imaging, tracing, and manipulation in vivo.
Design, verification and implementation of an authentication protocol

We present an account of the entire development cycle (i.e., design, specification and verification, and implementation) of a realistic authentication protocol, which is part of a security architecture proposed by us. The protocol's design follows a stepwise refinement process, which we illustrate. Our account of its specification and verification provides a practical demonstration of a proposed formal analysis approach. For its implementation, we adopt the GSS-API standard. We describe the mapping from our protocol to GSS-API, which can serve as a reference for other protocol implementations. We believe that the global perspective presented in this paper would be of great value to protocol designers, verifiers, and implementers, and contribute toward bridging the gap between the theory and practice of authentication protocol design. <<ETX>>