Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese chunking algorithm based on conditional random fields

A new Chinese chunking algorithm is proposed based on conditional random fields and semantic features. Through the analysis of Chinese chunking task and its sequential characteristics, conditional random fields that combine various kinds of features were applied. Semantic features were utilized to further improve the chunking performance. Experimental results on the Chinese chunking corpus of Microsoft Research Asia show that the algorithm achieves impressive accuracy of 92.52% in terms of the F-score.
Conservation of Heterochromatin Protein 1 Function

ABSTRACT Heterochromatin represents a cytologically visible state of heritable gene repression. In the yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the swi6 gene encodes a heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1)-like chromodomain protein that localizes to heterochromatin domains, including the centromeres, telomeres, and the donor mating-type loci, and is involved in silencing at these loci. We identify here the functional domains of swi6p and demonstrate that the chromodomain from a mammalian HP1-like protein, M31, can functionally replace that of swi6p, showing that chromodomain function is conserved from yeasts to humans. Site-directed mutagenesis, based on a modeled three-dimensional structure of the swi6p chromodomain, shows that the hydrophobic amino acids which lie in the core of the structure are critical for biological function. Gel filtration, gel overlay experiments, and mass spectroscopy show that HP1 proteins can self-associate, and we suggest that it is as oligomers that HP1 proteins are incorporated into heterochromatin complexes that silence gene activity.
A Bayesian analysis of amalgam restorations in the Royal Air Force using the counting process approach with nested frailty effects

Survival analysis methods are increasingly used in dental research to measure risk of tooth eruption and caries as well as life spans of amalgam restorations. Analyses have been extended to account for lack of independence in the data, which arises from the clustering of observations within units such as tooth-surfaces, teeth and subjects. There are various analytical strategies and modelling approaches now available to us in dealing with clustered dental data. In this article, the modelling strategy of Cox’s proportional hazards regression is formulated using the counting process approach, which can easily be extended to include time-variant covariates as well as nested random frailty effects. A semi-parametric Bayesian method is presented for the analysis of the proposed model. The methodology is applied to an analysis of nested clustered data on life-span of amalgam restorations in the UK Royal Air Force. These data have previously been analysed using a non-Bayesian approach. The Gibbs sampler, a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, is used to generate samples from the marginal posterior distribution of the parameters of this Bayesian model.
Notice of RetractionApplication research for undergraduate education evaluation method based on SVM

Aiming at problems that Chinese Universities lack of internal self-restraint mechanism and a complete, institutionalized and standardization internal quality assurance system, a all-directional, multi-dimensional Undergraduate Teaching Evaluation System is established in this paper. Support vector machine (SVM) is used to evaluate undergraduate majors teaching level in the paper. According to training sample, a model is obtained and then a undergraduate teaching level evaluation method is established. Experimental results show that the evaluation method proposed in the paper has a better performance in accuracy and speed than other conventional methods, and can improve rationality and scientific of undergraduate teaching level evaluation.
Review of the Short-term Electricity Price Forecasting

A veracious short-term electricity price forecasting can help a market participant make effective bidding decisions, decrease bidding risk, and bring steady-going incomes in a competitive electricity market. Thus much attention has been focused on electricity price forecasting. In this study the available literatures on electricity price forecasting from 1997 are surveyed firstly. Based on the characteristics and contributing factors of electricity price, this paper reviews two basic methods for electricity price forecasting, viz. the time series model and the neural networks method, and then proposes their possible development. Finally, three key issues in the electricity price forecasting are discussed whilst some hot topics for further work are also presented. This work is supported by Special Fund of the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2004CB217905).
Institutions and the Environment: Existing Evidence and Future Directions

In this review we synthetize the existing contributions that use econometric approaches to examine the influence of institutions and governance on environmental policy, environmental outcomes, and investments. The paper describes how the relationship between institutions and various response variables related to environmental performance and environmental policy have been conceptualized and operationalized in the literature, and it summarizes the main findings. The second part of the paper outlines avenues for future research in the specific context of energy and climate change. We identify various opportunities for empirical work that have recently emerged with the growing availability of data in the field of green investments, climate, and energy policy. Expanding the current empirical literature towards these research topics is of scientific and policy relevance, and can provide important insights on the broader field of sustainability transition and sustainable development.
Ultra-thin optical grade scCVD diamond as X-ray beam position monitor.

Results of measurements made at the SIRIUS beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron for a new X-ray beam position monitor based on a super-thin single crystal of diamond grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are presented. This detector is a quadrant electrode design processed on a 3 µm-thick membrane obtained by argon-oxygen plasma etching the central area of a CVD-grown diamond plate of 60 µm thickness. The membrane transmits more than 50% of the incident 1.3 keV energy X-ray beam. The diamond plate was of moderate purity (∼1 p.p.m. nitrogen), but the X-ray beam induced current (XBIC) measurements nevertheless showed a photo-charge collection efficiency approaching 100% for an electric field of 2 V µm(-1), corresponding to an applied bias voltage of only 6 V. XBIC mapping of the membrane showed an inhomogeneity of more than 10% across the membrane, corresponding to the measured variation in the thickness of the diamond plate before the plasma etching process. The measured XBIC signal-to-dark-current ratio of the device was greater than 10(5), and the X-ray beam position resolution of the device was better than a micrometer for a 1 kHz sampling rate.
CPW-fed planar ultra-wideband antenna having a frequency band-rejected function

In this paper, we propose a small, lightweight, and low cost ultra-wideband antenna that exhibits a band-reject characteristic in the 5.15 to 5.825 GHz. The antenna consists of a planar rectangle-semicircle-rectangle shape patch, a coplanar waveguide type feed, and rectangle-shaped slot. By inserting a thin slot on the rectangle-semicircle-rectangle radiating element, the band-rejected function has been created very close to the desired frequency. The band-reject frequency of the proposed antenna can be adjusted by controlling the slot length and width. An omnidirectional radiation pattern is also obtained. The overall size of the printed antenna is 26 times 35 times 1.6 mm3 which is very compact, low profile and can be integrated on the Ultra-wideband transceiver. The experimental results and characteristics of the proposed antenna are shown in this paper.
Decreased NR2B Subunit Synaptic Levels Cause Impaired Long-Term Potentiation But Not Long-Term Depression

The discovery of the molecular mechanisms regulating the abundance of synaptic NMDA receptors is essential for understanding how synaptic plasticity, as well as excitotoxic events, are regulated. However, a complete understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms regulating the composition of the NMDA receptor complex at hippocampal synapse is still missing. Here, we show that 2 h of CaMKII inhibition leads to a specific reduction of synaptic NR2B-containing NMDA receptors without affecting localization of the NR2A subunit; this molecular event is accompanied by a dramatic reduction in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), while long-term depression induction is unaffected. The same molecular and functional results were obtained by disrupting NR2B/PSD-95 complex with NR2B C-tail cell permeable peptide (TAT-2B). These data indicate that NR2B redistribution between synaptic and extrasynaptic membranes represents an important molecular disturbance of the glutamatergic synapse and affects the correct induction of LTP.
Sry Associates with the Heterochromatin Protein 1 Complex by Interacting with a KRAB Domain Protein1

Abstract In mammals, the SRY/Sry gene on the Y chromosome is necessary and sufficient for a bipotential gonad to develop into a testis, regardless of its chromosomal sex. The SRY/Sry gene encodes a protein that belongs to a high-mobility-group (HMG) box protein family and that has been postulated to modulate the expression of genes necessary for male gonadal differentiation. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a novel protein containing only a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain, which is hereafter named KRAB-O (KRAB Only), as an SRY-interacting protein. The KRAB-O protein is encoded by an alternatively spliced transcript from the Zfp208 locus that also produces another transcript coding for a KRAB-zinc finger protein, ZFP208. The interaction of the mouse SRY with KRAB-O was further confirmed by glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay and coimmunoprecipitation in transfected COS7 cells. The KRAB-O interaction domain in both the human and mouse SRY was mapped to the bridge region outside the HMG box. Indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy show that the mouse SRY colocalizes with KRAB-O in nuclear dots in transiently transfected COS7 cells and primary fetal mouse gonadal cells. Using similar approaches, we demonstrate that KRAB-O interacts directly with KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein 1), the obligatory corepressor for KRAB domain proteins. Furthermore, we show that the mouse SRY is associated indirectly with KAP1 and heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) through its interaction with KRAB-O, suggesting that the mouse SRY could use the KRAB-KAP1-HP1 organized transcriptional regulatory complex to regulate its yet-to-be-identified downstream target genes.
Complex networks approach to gene expression driven phenotype imaging

MOTIVATION The need is to visualize and quantify gene expression spatial patterns. Because of their generality for representation of interaction among several elements, complex networks are used to measure the spatial interactions and adjacencies defined by gene expression patterns. RESULTS Enhanced visualization of spatial interactions between elements where genes are expressed is possible, allowing the identification of structures which would go unnoticed by using conventional imaging. The quantification of the expression intensity in terms of the node degree and clustering coefficient allows the identification of different types of interactions, yielding insights about cell signaling and differentiation, and providing the basis for comparison and discrimination of the patterns along the developmental stages. AVAILABILITY Supplementary Material, including visualizations as well as the basic routines for translating gene expression images into complex networks and obtaining node degree and clustering coefficient measurements, are provided. CONTACT luciano@if.sc. usp.br; diambra@univap.br.
Simulating the environmental impact of tidal turbines on the seabed

Recent proliferation of marine renewable energy installations has inspired a number of researchers to study the possible impact of the technologies on the marine environment. The impact of tidal turbines on the flow downstream of the rotor and their effect on sediment transport from the seabed over the lifetime of the devices is of particular concern, given the potential damage to the seabed, the habitats of marine life and submarine power cables used to connect the devices to the coast. Previous computational studies of the environmental impact of tidal turbines have, however, focused predominantly on largescale one and two dimensional modelling. Resolution of the three-dimensional nature of the flow through the rotor of the turbine proves to be crucial if the mechanism whereby these devices entrain sediment from the seabed is to be properly understood. The three-dimensional phenomena occurring in the flow through the rotor of the turbine have been found to profoundly affect how the sediment is lifted from the seabed and transported downstream in the wake of the device. The physics of sediment transport due to the rotor of a tidal turbine in a tidal current have been investigated using high resolution three-dimensional computational simulations of the hydrodynamics of the rotor wake. The direct impact of the turbine on the seabed has been found to be confined to an area that extends no further than two rotor diameters downstream of the turbine. The maximal values of shear stress, which indicate the extent of the impact, vary with the distance between the rotor hub and the seabed.
NNT: An effective strategy of node selection for ALM forwarding trees

Application Layer Multicast (ALM) has resolved the issue of deployment, but effectiveness inferiors to IP multicast. In this paper, the research is focused upon the influence on the communication efficiency of the multicast tree using three kinds of node selection strategy, which are based on Min-delay, Maxbandwidth, and Nearest network topology. This paper presents NNT, a distributed spanning tree algorithm using the nearest network topology node selection strategy. The average delay and average joining time of the tree are analyzed. Simulation experiments show that this strategy takes more physical network circumstances into consideration, so it has high data communication efficiency.
Genetic polymorphism of interleukin-8 (IL-8) is associated with Helicobacter pylori-induced duodenal ulcer.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Helicobacter pylori infection almost invariably causes chronic gastritis, but only a proportion of the infected subjects develop peptic ulcers. The local inflammation associated with H. pylori infection is characterized by an increased production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1-B, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Since such cytokine production is often determined by the genetic polymorphism of regions regulating cytokine gene expression, we investigated the relationship between TNF-alpha and IL-8 polymorphisms and the development of duodenal ulcer disease. We also sought a correlation between the promoter polymorphism of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor CD14 and the formation of peptic ulcer, because CD14 plays a crucial role in the initiation of the cytokine cascade. METHODS Genomic DNA extracted from the peripheral blood of 69 patients with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcer disease and 47 H. pylori-positive healthy controls was analyzed for TNF-alpha -308 promoter polymorphism by RFLP, and for IL-8 -251 polymorphism by ARMS. Genetic polymorphism within the promoter of the CD14 gene was identified using the LightCycler instrument via melting point analysis. RESULTS No significant correlation could be revealed between the TNF-alpha and CD14 promoter polymorphisms and the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection. The IL-8 A/T heterozygote mutant variant was detected with a significantly higher frequency (65.22%) among the ulcer patients than among the healthy, H. pylori-positive blood donors (36.17%), while the frequency of the normal allelic genotype (TT) was significantly higher in the control group (44.6% vs 15.9%). CONCLUSION Analysis of the genetic predisposition to enhanced cytokine production revealed a significant association only for the IL-8 polymorphism. This observation draws attention to the possible importance of IL-8 polymorphism as a genetic predisposing factor in the pathomechanism of H. pylori-induced duodenal ulcer disease, and to the relative protection from duodenal ulcer disease that is associated with the TT genotype.
Multi-input DC-DC converter for hybrid renewable energy generation system

This paper proposes a development of a Multi-input DC-DC Converter (MIDC) for Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System (HREGS). The aim is to reduce the number of power converter and cost. The proposed MIDC consists of a DC-DC converter and a single phase full bridge DC-AC inverter. The renewable energy (RE) sources such as photovoltaic (PV) array, wind turbine (WT), hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) and battery bank (BT) are selected as the input power sources to the system. The Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is also used to operate PV array and WT sources at its maximum power by using the simple Perturbation and Observation (P&O) algorithm. The optimum power of HFC is controlled by Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). The proposed MIDC has been simulated by NI Multisim 12.0 software and its operations discussed thoroughly.
Croatian Equity Market in Perspective of European Integration

Croatia is on its path to the EU. Developments on this path have influence on many aspects in the economy. In this paper we analyse integration of Croatian equity market with European and world equity markets and measure integration with the VAR impulse responses and variance decomposition. The premise is that well integrated markets should respond to shocks similarly. According to this test, major world markets (measured by DJIA, FTSE and DAX) indeed display certain degree of shock transmission. Opposite, Croatian and other less important markets in CEE economies that were tested do not show the same degree of integration. It seems that in terms of transfer of short term shocks between markets, Croatia and other CEE economies are still pretty much isolated from the world.
Gender Discrimination in Education and Its Impact on Economic Growth: A Cross Country Panel Study

approved: ______________________________________________________ Elizabeth Schroeder Studies suggest that higher investment in human capital boosts economic growth by increased productivity. Education is considered to improve human capital, but it takes relatively long to achieve progress in education. Literacy of female population holds particular importance as it has both direct and indirect effect on growth. Apart from individual productivity, female literacy has positive effect on reducing fertility, improving health and nutrition of family and education of future generations. Using cross country data and panel regression, this study intends to explore how the gender gap in education at different levels of attainment affects GDP growth. This study found that female education, especially secondary education, is positively associated with economic growth. It found mixed results for the impact of gender gap on economic growth. In recent times, national development strategies of many countries have been expanded to focus on social development issues like health, education, environment and gender equality along with GDP growth. But, countries with very limited resources have to prioritize the investment policy. This study will be helpful for policymakers to redefine the budgetary policy to maximize the return in both monetary and non-monetary terms and thus address the persistent issues of poverty and inequality.
Tourism supply chain agility: an empirical examination using resource-based view

Tourism supply chains need to be agile, i.e. they should be in a position to respond in a speedy manner to customer's requirements. Hence we argue in this study using resource-based view that firms in tourism supply chains will use their variable, renewable, inimitable and non-substitutable (VRIN) resources and non-VRIN resources to develop tourism supply chain agility. Further, we posit such tourism supply chain agility as a dynamic capability that may impart competitive advantage. Perceptual data were gathered from different entities in tourism supply chains and were analysed using PLS. Empirical findings based on 233 complete responses suggest VRIN and non-VRIN resources to as significant enablers of tourism supply chain agility and such a capability results in a competitive advantage for the associated supply chains. Further, our study revealed perceived environmental dynamism as a dominant moderator influencing the proposed linkages among resources and tourism supply chain agility.
Clostridium sticklandii glycine reductase selenoprotein A gene: cloning, sequencing, and expression in Escherichia coli

Gene grdA, which encodes selenoprotein A of the glycine reductase complex from Clostridium sticklandii, was identified and characterized. This gene encodes a protein of 158 amino acids with a calculated M(r) of 17,142. The known sequence of 15 amino acids around the selenocysteine residue and the known carboxy terminus of the protein are correctly predicted by the nucleotide sequence. An opal termination codon (TGA) corresponding to the location of the single selenocysteine residue in the polypeptide was found in frame at position 130. The C. sticklandii grdA gene was inserted behind the tac promotor of an Escherichia coli expression vector. An E. coli strain transformed with this vector produced an 18-kDa polypeptide that was not detected in extracts of nontransformed cells. Affinity-purified anti-C. sticklandii selenoprotein A immunoglobulin G reacted specifically with this polypeptide, which was indistinguishable from authentic C. sticklandii selenoprotein A by immunological analysis. Addition of the purified expressed protein to glycine reductase protein components B and C reconstituted the active glycine reductase complex. Although synthesis of enzymically active protein A depended on the presence of selenium in the growth medium, formation of immunologically reactive protein did not. Moreover, synthesis of enzymically active protein in a transformed E. coli selD mutant strain indicated that there is a nonspecific mechanism of selenocysteine incorporation. These findings imply that mRNA secondary structures of C. sticklandii grdA are not functional for UGA-directed selenocysteine insertion in the E. coli expression system.