Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying Rodent Resting-State Brain Networks with Independent Component Analysis

Rodent models have opened the door to a better understanding of the neurobiology of brain disorders and increased our ability to evaluate novel treatments. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) allows for in vivo exploration of large-scale brain networks with high spatial resolution. Its application in rodents affords researchers a powerful translational tool to directly assess/explore the effects of various pharmacological, lesion, and/or disease states on known neural circuits within highly controlled settings. Integration of animal and human research at the molecular-, systems-, and behavioral-levels using diverse neuroimaging techniques empowers more robust interrogations of abnormal/ pathological processes, critical for evolving our understanding of neuroscience. We present a comprehensive protocol to evaluate resting-state brain networks using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) in rodent model. Specifically, we begin with a brief review of the physiological basis for rs-fMRI technique and overview of rs-fMRI studies in rodents to date, following which we provide a robust step-by-step approach for rs-fMRI investigation including data collection, computational preprocessing, and brain network analysis. Pipelines are interwoven with underlying theory behind each step and summarized methodological considerations, such as alternative methods available and current consensus in the literature for optimal results. The presented protocol is designed in such a way that investigators without previous knowledge in the field can implement the analysis and obtain viable results that reliably detect significant differences in functional connectivity between experimental groups. Our goal is to empower researchers to implement rs-fMRI in their respective fields by incorporating technical considerations to date into a workable methodological framework.
Hydroxyapatite Ceramic Hip Survey Alumina on Alumina Bearings

To reduce osteolysis and loosening, alumina bearings in hip arthroplasty have been used in Sunderland since 1991. This consecutive series demonstrates the results which have been most rewarding. However, ceramic implant fractures have been encountered but these probably represent less than meticulous operative technique. The results are published and the complications discussed together with advice to reduce the incidence of implant failure.
Deriving Component Interfaces after a Restructuring of a Legacy System

Although there are contributions on component-oriented languages, components are mostly implemented using object-oriented (OO) languages. In this perspective, a component corresponds to a set of classes that work together to provide one or more services. Services are grouped together in interfaces that are each implemented by a class. Thus, dependencies between components are defined using the semantic of the enclosed classes, which is mostly structural. This makes it difficult to understand an architecture described with such links. Indeed, at an architectural level dependencies between components must represent functional aspects. This problem is worse, when the components are obtained by re-engineering of legacy OO systems. Indeed, in this case the obtained components are mainly based on the consistency of the grouping logic. So, in this paper we propose an approach to identify the interfaces of a component according to its interactions with the other components. To this end, we use formal concept analysis. The evaluation of the proposed approach via an empirical study showed that the identified interfaces overall correspond to the different functional aspects of the components.
Power Consumption Efficiency Evaluation of Multi-User Full-Duplex Visible Light Communication Systems for Smart Home Technologies

Visible light communication (VLC) has recently gained significant academic and industrial attention. VLC has great potential to supplement the functioning of the upcoming radio-frequency (RF)-based 5G networks. It is best suited for home, office, and commercial indoor environments as it provides a high bandwidth and high data rate, and the visible light spectrum is free to use. This paper proposes a multi-user full-duplex VLC system using red-green-blue (RGB), and white emitting diodes (LEDs) for smart home technologies. It utilizes red, green, and blue LEDs for downlink transmission and a simple phosphor white LED for uplink transmission. The red and green color bands are used for user data and smart devices, respectively, while the blue color band is used with the white LED for uplink transmission. The simulation was carried out to verify the performance of the proposed multi-user full-duplex VLC system. In addition to the performance evaluation, a cost-power consumption analysis was performed by comparing the power consumption and the resulting cost of the proposed VLC system to the power consumed and resulting cost of traditional Wi-Fi based systems and hybrid systems that utilized both VLC and Wi-Fi. Our findings showed that the proposed system improved the data rate and bit-error rate performance, while minimizing the power consumption and the associated costs. These results have demonstrated that a full-duplex VLC system is a feasible solution suitable for indoor environments as it provides greater cost savings and energy efficiency when compared to traditional Wi-Fi-based systems and hybrid systems that utilize both VLC and Wi-Fi.
Path planning and localization for mobile anchor based wireless sensor networks

In wireless sensor networks, anchor positions play an important role for accurate localization. For mobile anchor (MA) based scenarios, both the efficiency of the path planning algorithm and the accuracy of the localization mechanism are critical for the best performance. In this work, an adaptive path planning algorithm is proposed based on Gauss-Markov mobility model, while the sensors are localized using alternating minimization approach. Path planning, which combines the velocity adjustment, the perpendicular bisector and the virtual repulsive strategies, is improved by developing virtual attractive force strategy. The surveillance area is divided into grids and a virtual attractive force is applied to the MA in sparsely and densely populated areas. For localization, the non-convex optimization problem is converted into a bi-convex form and solved by alternating minimization algorithm leading to a shorter MA path. The simulation results show that introducing the virtual attractive strategy increases the path planning accuracy and cover more surveillance region using less energy. Furthermore, compared to the linear localization method, the localization accuracy increases when the alternating minimization is used.
Consensus of Nonlinear Complex Systems with Edge Betweenness Centrality Measure under Time-Varying Sampled-Data Protocol

This paper proposes a new consensus criterion for nonlinear complex systems with edge betweenness centrality measure. By construction of a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, the consensus criterion for such systems is established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be easily solved by various effective optimization algorithms. One numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Improved Multi-Scale Segmentation Algorithm for High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing Images

An improved multi-scale segmentation algorithm is proposed in this paper. In order to get segmentation result more efficiently and accurately, watershed transformation is used as an initial segmentation algorithm, and then the objects of regions are merged based on the improved merge rule. The improved regulation for region merging is mainly based on the scale parameter of area-based while the heterogeneity parameter is considered as well. In this way, the failure of considering that some regions with large heterogeneity with their neighborhood are not suitable for merging will be prevented. Experimental results show that the quality and efficiency of remote sensing image segmentation can be greatly improved by the improved multi-scale segmentation algorithm.
Extrusion of CuZn39Pb2 Alloy by the KOBO Method

Design of intelligent technologies based on the structural criterion is intended both to reduce the work of plastic deformation and to generate advantageous structure and mechanical parameters of metallic products. It enables external control of the deformation mechanism oriented towards time-spatial organization of the slip and localization of plastic flow in the transgranular shear bands. One of the industrial solutions presented in the paper refers to the production of rods of lead brass by the KOBO method, consisting in a complex extrusion of the ingot on a press with reversibly rotating die. The performed experimental investigations and their analysis comprised the mechanical aspects of the new, energy-saving technology of metal working and were concentrated on the evaluation of the possibility of formation of the final structure and by that means, of the expected mechanical properties of the products.
Alloying and Dealloying Processes Involved in the Preparation of Metal Nanoshells through a Galvanic Replacement Reaction

The galvanic replacement reaction between Ag nanoparticles and an aqueous HAuCl4 solution has recently been demonstrated as a simple and convenient route to metal nanostructures with hollow interiors and highly crystalline walls (see, for example, Sun, Y.; Mayers, B. T.; Xia, Y. Nano Lett. 2002, 2, 481. Sun, Y.; Xia, Y. Science, 2002, 298, 2176). However, the details of morphological, compositional, structural, and spectral changes involved in the entire process of this template-engaged reaction is yet to be elucidated. The experimental results described in this letter indicate that the templating process proceeded through two distinctive steps: (i) formation of pinhole-free nanoshells with homogeneous, uniform walls of Au/Ag alloys via a combination of the replacement reaction and alloying; and (ii) formation of porous nanoshells (nanocages) through a dealloying process, in which Ag was selectively dissolved from the walls made of Au/Ag alloys. As alloying and dealloying proceeded, the surface plasmon r.
Using CBIR and semantics in 3D-model retrieval

This paper proposes a generic design for 3D model retrieval. It has been developed in cooperation with EADS, which deals with Computer Aided Design / Computer Aided Engineering (below CAD/CAE) data through the product life cycle. Sharing these models with users across the enterprise is a challenging task. CAD/CAE models may be hundreds of megabytes large and stored in proprietary formats. Browsing and previewing this data efficiently requires new tools. One way to leverage the collaboration in and outside of CAD domains is to offer through a repository an access to a neutral 3D data format. Also functionalities for semantic enrichment of 3D models, for the retrieval of context sensitive information and for 3D model retrieval based on 3D similarity search and CBIR techniques should be provided.
On the strong stabilizability of MIMO n-dimensional linear systems

A plant is strongly stabilizable if there exists a stable compensator to stabilize it. This paper presents necessary conditions for the strong stabilizability of complex and real n-dimensional MIMO shift-invariant linear plants. For the real case, the condition is a generalization of the parity interlacing property of Youla et al. for the strong stabilizability of a real 1D MIMO plant. These conditions are also sufficient for the cases of n-D plants with a single output (MISO) or with a single input (SIMO). For general n-D MIMO plants, we do not know if the conditions are sufficient or not. A useful sufficient, but not necessary, condition for the strong stabilizability of a class of n-D (n/spl ges/2) MIMO plants is given.
Understanding Wet-End Polymer Performance through Visualization of Macromolecular Events by Transmission Electron Microscopy

A novel transmission electron microscopy technique for the visualization of polymers adsorbed on secondary fines has been developed. This technique has been utilized in observing the adsorption behavior of various wet-end additives. The technique is sensitive enough not only to allow differentiation between linear and branched polymers, but also to observe differences in the adsorption behavior and conformational characteristics of particular polymeric derivatives. Conformational changes of a cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) were examined in response to variations in wet-end conditions, such as mixing time and system conductivity. The molecular conformations of cationic starch and cationic guar gum were also examined by this technique. The technique has been employed to observe the effects of silica microparticles on the conformational characteristics of CPAM (drainage/retention aid) pre-adsorbed on secondary fines. The transmission electron microscopy method is a viable tool for investigating the macromolecular events that make up a large part of wet end chemistry in papermaking.
Molecular architecture of the c-subunit oligomer in the membrane domain of F-ATPases probed by tryptophan substitution mutagenesis.

Subunit c of the proton-transporting ATP synthase of Escherichia coli forms an oligomeric complex in the membrane domain that functions in transmembrane proton conduction. In order to gain some insight into the architecture of this oligomeric complex, the transmembrane region in the C-terminal membrane-spanning segment was analysed by a site-directed mutagenesis approach. Tryptophan substitution of consecutive residues in positions 61 to 72 of subunit c was used to identify residues oriented towards a helix-helix surface or an accessible phase in the oligomeric complex. Mutants were analysed in functional assays of ATP hydrolysis, ATP synthesis and ATP-dependent proton transport. Function was disrupted according to a pattern that identified inter- and intramolecular contacts in the c-subunit oligomer. Screening experiments on minimal medium support the helix-helix contacts found in the functional assays. The results add strong constraints to the potential orientation of the monomers in the oligomeric complex and are discussed against the background of different structural models that have been proposed for the c-subunit oligomer.
Comparison of On-X and SJM HP bileaflet aortic valves.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY The study aim was to evaluate the hemodynamic function after aortic valve replacement (AVR) using the On-X valve, in comparison with St. Jude Medical (SJM) HP bileaflet valves. METHODS Patients received either the On-X (n = 20) or SJM HP prosthesis (n = 20) for AVR. The control (SJM HP) group was computer-matched with the On-X group for age, gender, aortic stenosis as underlying disease, body surface area, NYHA functional class, left ventricular size, mass and function, transvalvular pressure gradients and cardiac index. Mean implanted valve size was 23.5 mm (three 21 mm, ten 23 mm, six 25 mm, one 27 mm) in both groups. All patients underwent postoperative, and six- and 12-month follow up echocardiography. RESULTS The intra- and postoperative course was uneventful in all patients. There were no significant differences in cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times, intensive care unit stay, in-hospital stay and postoperative NYHA functional class. Two patients (both On-X) had paravalvular leakage postoperatively and at follow up. Five patients in the control group had additional myocardial revascularization. Transvalvular flow velocities were 2.38 +/- 0.3 versus 2.38 +/- 0.4 m/s (p = NS) postoperatively, and 2.08 +/- 0.2 versus 2.22 +/- 0.3 m/s (p = NS) at one year follow up for On-X and SJM HP valves, respectively. Maximum pressure gradients were 16.9 +/- 6.0 versus 18.5 +/- 8.0 mmHg (p = NS) postoperatively and 14.0 +/- 3.7 versus 16.5 +/- 5.7 mmHg (p = NS) at one year for the two valve types, respectively. A relatively pronounced transvalvular reflux was diagnosed for On-X valves. CONCLUSION At one year after implantation, the On-X bileaflet prosthesis is equally suited for AVR in comparison with the 'standard' therapy (SJM HP). Exact sizing requires some experience. There were no significant differences between the two prostheses with regard to hemodynamic parameters either postoperatively or at one-year follow up. Long-term prospective randomized studies yet have to be carried out.
QUASAR: querying annotation, structure, and reasoning

An increasing number of systems provide the ability to semantically annotate documents. OpenCalais [4], Evri API [2], Zemanta [6], and Alchemy API [1] are web-hosted systems that return annotated documents, i. e. documents with annotations that are overlayed on the document structure. Many of the annotations can be linked to standard ontologies, such as DBpedia and YAGO. These annotations give insight as to the meaning of documents in a variety of ways, identifying entities and relationships inside them, classifying them according to topic or theme, and giving the attitude or sentiment of a document or document fragment. In order for users (or applications) to make use of these annotations with a means to access and manipulate documents that contain them, we provide a query language for doing this and demonstrate its utility on a demo system built on top of diverse semantic annotators and external ontologies. We explain how integrating semantic annotations and utilizing external knowledge helps in increasing the quality of query answers over annotated documents by both filtering out irrelevant answers and obtaining extra answers that are not explicitly available in the annotated documents.
Scalable data parallel algorithms for texture synthesis using Gibbs random fields

This article introduces scalable data parallel algorithms for image processing. Focusing on Gibbs and Markov random field model representation for textures, we present parallel algorithms for texture synthesis, compression, and maximum likelihood parameter estimation, currently implemented on Thinking Machines CM-2 and CM-5. The use of fine-grained, data parallel processing techniques yields real-time algorithms for texture synthesis and compression that are substantially faster than the previously known sequential implementations. Although current implementations are on Connection Machines, the methodology presented enables machine-independent scalable algorithms for a number of problems in image processing and analysis.
Rethinking the ClockWork of Work: Why Schedule Control May Pay Off at Work and at Home

The problem and the solution. Many employees face work—life conflicts and time deficits that negatively affect their health, well-being, effectiveness on the job, and organizational commitment. Many organizations have adopted flexible work arrangements but not all of them increase schedule control, that is, employees' control over when, where, and how much they work. This article describes some limitations of flexible work policies, proposes a conceptual model of how schedule control impacts work—life conflicts, and describes specific ways to increase employees' schedule control, including best practices for implementing common flexible work policies and Best Buy's innovative approach to creating a culture of schedule control.
Differential localizations of and requirements for the two Drosophila ninaC kinase/myosins in photoreceptor cells

The ninaC gene encodes two retinal specific proteins (p132 and p174) consisting of a protein kinase domain joined to a domain homologous to the head region of the myosin heavy chain. The putative myosin domain of p174 is linked at the COOH-terminus to a tail which has some similarities to myosin-I tails. In the current report, we demonstrate that the ninaC mutation results in light- and age-dependent retinal degeneration. We also show that ninaC flies display an electrophysiological phenotype before any discernible retinal degeneration indicating that the electrophysiological defect is the primary effect of the mutation. This suggests that ninaC has a role in phototransduction and that the retinal degeneration is a secondary effect resulting from the defect in phototransduction. To examine the requirements for the individual ninaC isoforms, mutant alleles were generated which express only p132 or p174. Elimination of p174 resulted in a ninaC phenotype as strong as the null allele; however, elimination of p132 had little if any effect. As a first step in investigating the basis for the difference in requirements for p174 and p132 we performed immuno-localization at the electron microscopic level and found that the two isoforms display different subcellular distributions in the photoreceptor cells. The p132 protein is restricted primarily to the cytoplasm and p174 to the rhabdomeres, the microvillar structure which is the site of action of many of the steps in phototransduction. This suggests that the p174 myosin-I type tail is the domain responsible for association with the rhabdomeres and that the substrate for the p174 putative kinase may be a rhabdomeric protein important in photo- transduction.
A novel Filamentous Flower mutant suppresses brevipedicellus developmental defects and modulates glucosinolate and auxin levels

BREVIPEDICELLUS (BP) encodes a class-I KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) transcription factor that plays a critical role in conditioning a replication competent state in the apical meristem, and it also governs growth and cellular differentiation in internodes and pedicels. To search for factors that modify BP signaling, we conducted a suppressor screen on bp er (erecta) plants and identified a mutant that ameliorates many of the pleiotropic defects of the parent line. Map based cloning and complementation studies revealed that the defect lies in the FILAMENTOUS FLOWER (FIL) gene, a member of the YABBY family of transcriptional regulators that contribute to meristem organization and function, phyllotaxy, leaf and floral organ growth and polarity, and are also known to repress KNOX gene expression. Genetic and cytological analyses of the fil-10 suppressor line indicate that the role of FIL in promoting growth is independent of its previously characterized influences on meristem identity and lateral organ polarity, and likely occurs non-cell-autonomously from superior floral organs. Transcription profiling of inflorescences revealed that FIL downregulates numerous transcription factors which in turn may subordinately regulate inflorescence architecture. In addition, FIL, directly or indirectly, activates over a dozen genes involved in glucosinolate production in part by activating MYB28, a known activator of many aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis genes. In the bp er fil-10 suppressor mutant background, enhanced expression of CYP71A13, AMIDASE1 (AMI) and NITRILASE genes suggest that auxin levels can be modulated by shunting glucosinolate metabolites into the IAA biosynthetic pathway, and increased IAA levels in the bp er fil-10 suppressor accompany enhanced internode and pedicel elongation. We propose that FIL acts to oppose KNOX1 gene function through a complex regulatory network that involves changes in secondary metabolites and auxin.