Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two Tier Secure Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous Sensor Networks

Research on sensor network routing focused on efficiency and effectiveness of data dissemination. Few of them considered security issues during the design time of a routing protocol. Furthermore, previous research on sensor networks mainly considered homogeneous sensor networks where all sensor nodes have the same capabilities. It has been shown that homogeneous ad hoc networks have poor fundamental performance limits and scalability. To achieve better performance, we adopt a heterogeneous sensor network (HSN) model. In this paper, we present a secure and efficient routing protocol for HSNs - two tier secure routing (TTSR). TTSR takes advantage of powerful high-end sensors in an HSN. Our security analysis demonstrates that TTSR can defend typical attacks on sensor routing. Our performance evaluation shows that TTSR has higher delivery ratio, lower end-to-end delay and energy consumption than a popular sensor network routing protocol.
Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana for Management of Citrus Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in California Blueberries

ABSTRACT Citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Moulton), is a plant-feeding pest most widely recognized for causing damage to citrus and mango fruits. This insect has broadened its host range to become a significant pest of commercial blueberries grown in the San Joaquin Valley of California. We evaluated Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) for control of citrus thrips in blueberries grown under two watering regimes (drip irrigation with and without overhead sprinklers) and using two fungal formulations (commercially available spores in suspension vs. colonized seed) over two sampling periods, that is, for two 3-d periods after treatment. We found significant differences in thrips densities as a function of water regime treatment and fungal formulation. Thrips levels were reduced significantly with both fungal treatments at 3 d after treatment, but at 6 d, only results with colonized seed differed from the control treatment. These data suggest entomopathogenic fungi might be useful for control of citrus thrips on blueberries in particular situations (in organic production or as a resistance management tool) but that traditional pesticides will likely remain the preferred management option.
The Impact of CRM dimensions on Customer Retention in the Hospitality Industry: Evidence from the Moroccan Hotel sector

Customer relationship management (CRM) has currently become one of the most controversial issues and is considered by many marketers as a focal-center in the business field. Previous literature suggest that it is essential for hotels to adopt CRM technologies to help hotel managers improve their organizations performance. Nevertheless, the relationship between CRM technology and hotel performance is still ambiguous. In an attempt to review the different perspectives of CRM, this research paper focus on the view that suggests that CRM implementations typically involve the four dimensions: (1) customer orientation (2) knowledge management (3) CRM organization, and (4) CRM technology. Our study evaluates the relationship between CRM dimensions and hotel performance (customer retention) in Morocco. A sample of 80 Moroccan hotels was examined, and regression and other tests were used for analyses and testing. Our findings demonstrates a significant effect of customer orientation, knowledge management, and CRM organization on customer retention. While the use of CRM technology has been demonstrated to not significantly affect customer retention in surveyed hotels.
Becoming a Social Scientist

sciences and are now on track to becoming a social scientist. There is a considerable difference between getting a degree in social science and being a social scientist: for the latter you need a range of professional skills as well as a deep knowledge of social science. One almost essential qualification to become a social scientist is a further degree: a Masters or a PhD. To obtain these, you are likely to have to undertake courses to advance your knowledge and expertise in social science. But often, these courses give too little attention to the skills needed to be a proficient social scientist.
Pretreatment With Simvastatin Attenuates Myocardial Dysfunction After Ischemia and Chronic Reperfusion

We have previously demonstrated that simvastatin attenuates myocardial cell necrosis after acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion via induction of endothelial cell NO synthase. However, it remains unknown whether the cardioprotective effects of statins can persist after extended periods of reperfusion. Furthermore, it is unknown whether simvastatin therapy can attenuate postischemic cardiac dysfunction. Pretreatment with simvastatin attenuated myocardial injury after 30 minutes of myocardial ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion. However, the protective effects are not recognized unless simvastatin is given at least 3 hours before myocardial ischemia. Subsequently, we pretreated mice with vehicle or simvastatin and subjected the mice to 30 minutes of myocardial ischemia and 6 months of reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size (percentage of left ventricle) was significantly reduced by 51% in the simvastatin-treated group compared with the vehicle-treated group. Left ventricular diastolic and systolic dilatation was significantly (P <0.05) reduced in simvastatin-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated mice. Additionally, the decrement in fractional shortening after 6 months of reperfusion was minimized in simvastatin-treated mice (P =NS versus baseline) compared with vehicle-treated mice (P <0.05 versus baseline). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly (P <0.01) elevated in vehicle-treated mice (21±4 mm Hg) but not simvastatin-treated mice (5±2 mm Hg) compared with baseline values. These data demonstrate that simvastatin treatment before myocardial ischemia attenuates infarct size and preserves myocardial function after chronic reperfusion in mice.
Short C ommunication: User f riendly a nd ' useworthy' Stress B arometer

Summary The Stress Barometer, which includes stress symptoms, stress types, relationship stress and time stress, was developed as an easy-to-use instrument which provides a visual representation of the stress an individual is experiencing. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability, valid- ity and usefulness of the Stress Barometer. Reliability was tested using a test-retest procedure on 23 pain patients on long-term sick leave. To assess validity, the results of the instrument were compared to the results of the SF-36 Health Survey, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire administered to 112 pain and/or emotional exhaustion syndrome patients on long-term sick leave. Fifty directors who participated in a man- agement leadership course focusing on stress also completed and evaluated the instrument. Reli- ability was high for most of the subscales included. The results of the validity test showed that the Stress Barometer correlates with the respondents' perceived experience of a variety of health aspects such as anxiety, depression as well as different aspects of burnout/emotional exhaustion. The Stress Barometer is quick to complete and it offers immediate feedback. The study demon- strates that the Stress Barometer is also usable and useworthy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extracellular matrix composition in COPD

Extracellular matrix (ECM) composition has an important role in determining airway structure. We postulated that ECM lung composition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients differs from that observed in smoking and nonsmoking subjects without airflow obstruction. We determined the fractional areas of elastic fibres, type-I, -III and -IV collagen, versican, decorin, biglycan, lumican, fibronectin and tenascin in different compartments of the large and small airways and lung parenchyma in 26 COPD patients, 26 smokers without COPD and 16 nonsmoking control subjects. The fractional area of elastic fibres was higher in non-obstructed smokers than in COPD and nonsmoking controls, in all lung compartments. Type-I collagen fractional area was lower in the large and small airways of COPD patients and in the small airways of non-obstructed smokers than in nonsmokers. Compared with nonsmokers, COPD patients had lower versican fractional area in the parenchyma, higher fibronectin fractional area in small airways and higher tenascin fractional area in large and small airways compartments. In COPD patients, significant correlations were found between elastic fibres and fibronectin and lung function parameters. Alterations of the major ECM components are widespread in all lung compartments of patients with COPD and may contribute to persistent airflow obstruction.
A 160μA biopotential acquisition ASIC with fully integrated IA and motion-artifact suppression

There exists a growing interest in wearable/portable biopotential monitoring systems. These systems have very strict requirements in terms of power dissipation, high signal quality, small area (minimal use of externals) and robust operation during ambulatory use. The latter is emerging as an especially important problem since in real-life ambulatory conditions, motion artifacts can disturb and potentially saturate the readout channel. In addition, requirements for multimodal information acquisition require even more functionality with minimal power dissipation.
Effectiveness of economic policy: Assessment based on nonnormalities

The identifying restrictions of a previously used SVAR model are validated to assess the macroeconomic impact of the risk-taking channel of monetary policy in the US. Structural shocks are obtained by exploiting the nonnormality of errors. The data is found to object to the previously imposed recursive ordering while a different recursive ordering is supported. Based on the resulting impulse responses, there is statistically significant evidence in favor of the risk-taking channel during the sample period. The main results are in line with the predictions of the underlying theoretical model and confirm previous empirical findings. 1This chapter is based on HECER Discussion Paper No. 394 (2015).
Behavioral Responses of Vipr2–/– Mice to Light

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and its receptor, VPAC2 , play important roles in the functioning of the dominant circadian pacemaker, located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Mice lacking VPAC 2 receptors (Vipr2–/– ) show altered circadian rhythms and impaired synchronization to environmental lighting cues. However, light can increase phosphoprotein and immediate early gene expression in the Vipr2–/– SCN demonstrating that the circadian clock is readily responsive to light in these mice. It is not clear whether these neurochemical responses to light can be transduced to behavioral changes as seen in wild-type (WT) animals. In this study we investigated the diurnal and circadian wheel-running profile of WT (C57BL/6J) and Vipr2–/– mice under a 12-h light:12-h complete darkness (LD) lighting schedule and in constant darkness (DD) and used 1-h light pulses to shift the activity of mice in DD. Unlike WT mice, Vipr2–/– mice show grossly altered locomotor patterns making the analysis of behavioral responses to light problematic. However, analyses of both the onset and the offset of locomotor activity reveal that in a subset of these mice, light can reset the offset of behavioral rhythms during the subjective night. This suggests that the SCN clock of Vipr2–/– mice and the rhythms it generates are responsive to photic stimulation and that these responses can be integrated to whole animal behavioral changes.
Title Duration-Based Volatility Estimation

We develop a novel approach to estimating the integrated variance of a general jump-diffusion with stochastic volatility. Our approach exploits the relationship between the speed (distance traveled per fixed time unit) and passage time (time taken to travel a fixed distance) of the Brownian motion. The new class of duration-based IV estimators derived in this paper is shown to be robust to both jumps and market microstructure noise. Moreover, their asymptotic and finite sample properties compare favorably to those of commonly used robust IV estimators. ∗Torben G. Andersen: Northwestern University, Kellogg School, t-andersen@northwestern.edu Dobrislav Dobrev: Federal Reserve Board of Governors, Dobrislav.P.Dobrev@frb.gov Ernst Schaumburg: Northwestern University, Kellogg School, e-schaumburg@northwestern.edu We are grateful to the participants of the 2008 SITE-CREATES workshop at Stanford University and seminar participants at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors for their comments. The views in this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or of any other person associated with the Federal Reserve System. Andersen gratefully acknowledges financial support from the NSF through a grant to the NBER and by CREATES funded by the Danish National Research Foundation.
Fault-Aware Flow Control and Multi-Path Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Maintaining an acceptable level of network performance degradation in the presence of faults has been an active research area in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This paper proposes a scheme to optimize the total network performance by exploiting fault-aware rate control and multi-path routing in WSNs. We use statistical information and estimation on each wireless link to characterize the effect of faults, and develop a leaky-path model. This model takes account of packet loss along fault-paths and the 'shrinking' feature of effective flow at the destination node. Based on the leaky-path model, we propose a fault-correlated flow control and routing ((FC)2R) approach to maximize the network utility of effective flows. A novel distributed algorithm is designed to adjust flow rates adaptively on each path, using multi-path routing. Our simulation results demonstrate that higher effective network throughput, and better fairness, can be achieved by our ((FC)2R) algorithm than the standard optimal flow control in the presence of faults.
Autonomy and Control? How Heterogeneous Sociomaterial Assemblages Explain Paradoxical Rationalities in the Digital Workplace **

The implementation of new technologies, including business analytics, is commonly seen as a managerial technique to enabling employee control and standardization, i.e. to establish a prevalent way of thinking and reasoning within organizations (Kallinikos, 2011). Despite this purposeful “rationality engineering” (Cabantous & Gond, 2011), researchers acknowledge unforeseen and paradoxical effects of digitalization, involving, for example, both autonomy and control (e.g. Leonardi, Treem, & Jackson, 2010; Mazmanian, Orlikowski, & Yates, 2013; Sarker, Xiao, Sarker, & Ahuja, 2012; Stohl, Stohl, & Leonardi, 2016). For this reason, this paper aims to shed some light on the paradoxical rationalities that exist in the digital workplace. Following the assumption of digital materiality that characterized the materiality turn (e.g. Pink, Ardèvol, & Lanzeni, 2016) and the idea of technologies as “rationality carriers” (Cabantous & Gond, 2011) we conceptualize how humans and artifacts together enact paradoxical rationalities. We exemplify this with reference to the autonomy-control paradox and illustrate our arguments using empirical examples from existing literature on the use of mobile devices. More concretely, we examine three scenarios in which autonomy and control occur: (1) where they co-exist independently of each other, (2) where they hybridize on the level of individuals, and (3) where either autonomy or control prevails. As a result, we propose that heterogeneous, i.e. diverse and shifting, sociomaterial assemblages matter for the enactment of rationality. In addition, we suggest that the individual hybridization of paradoxes is rooted in materiality’s capacity to act which is, in turn, overruled by collective norms. Our propositions can inform future research and practice for managers who seek to enact particular types of rationalities within their organizations.
Studying the pathogenesis of paratuberculosis : the enduring challenge

Pathogenesis is defined as the origination and development of disease, more specifically the cellular events and reactions and other pathologic mechanisms occurring in the development of disease. It is the product of the confrontation between a pathogen and its host. The pathogen strives to enter the host to replicate and then be released for dissemination whilst the host fights to reduce the damage and eliminate the pathogen. The host response and hence the outcome of infection is determined by a complex interplay of factors including the genetic background and immune status of the host. Animals have evolved highly efficient recognition systems and effective inflammatory and immune responses to restrain, contain and eliminate microbial pathogens. However, microbial pathogens continuously adapt and evolve sophisticated ways of circumventing the host immune defences and so the host-pathogen battle continues. Therefore, to study and understand pathogenesis we need to consider both the pathogen and the host.
Use of Outcomes Information in Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation

Beatty PW, Neri MT, Bell K, DeJong G: Use of outcomes information in acute inpatient rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2004;83:468–478. Objective:To describe the ways in which rehabilitation outcomes information is used in the acute inpatient rehabilitation industry and the industry's views on the topic of public disclosure of rehabilitation outcomes information. Design:A mixed-methods approach, featuring data from 39 informational telephone interviews with rehabilitation industry stakeholders followed by a survey of 95 randomly sampled acute inpatient rehabilitation provider organizations. Results:Both the informational interviews and survey findings revealed that there is currently little stakeholder demand for functional outcomes information. Outcomes information is primarily used within provider organizations to track the effectiveness of rehabilitation services. There is general consensus among rehabilitation provider organizations in favor of public disclosure of outcomes information. Conclusions:Outcomes information is not routinely shared with rehabilitation stakeholders (i.e., payers and consumers). Rehabilitation providers and industry stakeholders generally express favorable attitudes toward public disclosure of outcomes information. Stakeholders' perceptions of current barriers and facilitators of outcomes information provide insight into the steps that can be taken toward greater transparency in the rehabilitation industry.
Unplanned Tracheal Extubation Outside the Operating Room: A Quality Improvement Audit of Hemodynamic and Tracheal Airway Complications Associated with Emergency Tracheal Reintubation

The incidence of hemodynamic and airway complications associated with tracheal reintubation after an unplanned extubation has not been established.Patients whose tracheas were emergently intubated outside the operating room were reviewed over a 27-mo period via a quality improvement vehicle to evaluate hemodynamic and airway complications. Data from a subset of patients (n = 57) who underwent tracheal reintubation after unplanned (self-) extubation were collected for analysis. Of the reintubations, 93% took place within 2 h of self-extubation. Of the patients, 72% had hemodynamic alterations and/or airway-related complications, including hypotension (35%), tachycardia (30%), hypertension (14%), multiple laryngoscopic attempts (22%), difficult laryngoscopy (16%), difficult intubations (14%), hypoxemia (14%), and esophageal intubation (14%). In addition, one surgical airway and one case of "cannot ventilate, cannot intubate" leading to cardiac arrest and death were recorded. These findings suggest that patients requiring reintubation will likely do so soon after self-extubation and that reintubation can be fraught with significant hemodynamic and airway complications. Less than one third of patients undergo a mishap-free reintubation. Strategies to decrease the self-extubation rate in the intensive care unit are needed to improve patient safety and to lessen the potential impact of emergency airway management. Implications: Self-extubation by patients requiring mechanical ventilation can be life-threatening, and replacing the breathing tube often leads to hemodynamic and airway complications. Using this quality improvement audit, 57 self-extubating patients and the complications associated with replacing the breathing tube, which are numerous and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality, were analyzed. (Anesth Analg 1998;86:1171-6)
Designing dashboards to support learners' self-regulated learning

This contribution reports on the development of two learner-faced dashboards that support learners' self-regulated learning during practice activities in an adaptive learning technology (ALT). While learners learn using adaptive learning technologies on tablets, they leave rich traces of data that capture many details of their learning processes. The data can be used to create dashboards that support learners to make valid inference about how they regulate control and monitor their learning. Such personalized visualizations are a new tool to support learners regulation. In this paper we describe two designs of personalized dashboards supporting SRL. The first dashboard is drawn by learners themselves based on ALT achievement data. Learners are asked to set goals at the start of each lesson and add their achievements after each lesson. This is used as input to monitor progress and determine whether adaptation is needed to reach their goals. Learners draw elements of the dashboard themselves and hence make their own personalized visualizations. The second dashboard follows the same logic, but the visualization process is automated in an app. Again learners set their goal at the start of each lesson and view their achievement and progress in the dashboard after each lesson. Additional, learners also are presented with their learning path based on Moment-by-Moment Learning Curves and cues to translate data into actionable feedback to efficiently reach learning goals. The contribution of this paper is to discussion the design and rational for the two dashboards that support young learners SRL based on ALTs trace data.
Security enhancement factors: Naval force’s officers’ professional competence

Considering the rapid change of work and life as well as the increasing requirements of professional competences for personnel, this article, based on scientific literature, examines the concept competence and its component parts. Through an integrated multi criteria approach, the authors of this work assessed competences and their deciding factors of the naval officers of the Lithuanian Navy and, respectively, developed a complex assessment model. On the basis of the model development principles, competences and their component parts of any other profession can also be assessed. According to the results, the authors proposed adapted competencebuilding measures for a specific vessel that would develop missing skills and increase officers’ work optimization in the existing work environment.