Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of X-Ray Cluster Scaling Relations in Simulations with Radiative Cooling and Nongravitational Heating

We investigate the redshift dependence of X-ray cluster scaling relations drawn from three hydrodynamic simulations of the ΛCDM cosmology: a "Radiative" model that incorporates radiative cooling of the gas, a "Preheating" model that additionally heats the gas uniformly at high redshift, and a "Feedback" model that self-consistently heats cold gas in proportion to its local star formation rate. While all three models are capable of reproducing the observed local LX-TX relation, they predict substantially different results at high redshift (to z = 1.5), with the Radiative, Preheating, and Feedback models predicting strongly positive, mildly positive, and mildly negative evolution, respectively. The physical explanation for these differences lies in the structure of the intracluster medium. All three models predict significant temperature fluctuations at any given radius due to the presence of cool subclumps and, in the case of the Feedback simulation, reheated gas. The mean gas temperature lies above the dynamical temperature of the halo for all models at z = 0, but differs between models at higher redshift, with the Radiative model having the lowest mean gas temperature at z = 1.5. We have not attempted to model the scaling relations in a manner that mimics the observational selection effects, nor has a consistent observational picture yet emerged. Nevertheless, evolution of the scaling relations promises to be a powerful probe of the physics of entropy generation in clusters. First indications are that early, widespread heating is favored over an extended period of heating, as is associated with galaxy formation.
On the necessity of Papoulis' result for multidimensional GSE

Papoulis' generalized sampling expansion (GSE) can be carried out if a set of linear equations has a solution. This enables the reconstruction of a signal from its filtered and downsampled versions. We show that the existence of this solution is also a necessary condition for the reconstruction of the signal from the available data. Special attention is given to the case of recurrent multidimensional sampling.
POSTER: Towards Collaboratively Supporting Decision Makers in Choosing Suitable Authentication Schemes

In spite of the the issues associated with them, text passwords are the predominant means of user authentication today. To foster the adoption of alternative authentication schemes, Renaud et al. (2014) proposed the ACCESS (Authentication ChoiCE Support System) framework. In prior work, we presented the first implementation of this abstract framework as a decision support system. In this work, we report on the current progress of expanding our prototype implementation into a collaborative authentication research platform. In addition to a decision support system, this platform also includes an interface to systematically access all the information in the knowledge base and collaborative features to facilitate the process of keeping the data for the decision support system current.
Online plagiarism detection services—saviour or scourge?

Although the exponential growth of the Internet has made it easier than ever to carry out plagiarism, it has also made it much easier to detect. This paper gives an overview of the many different methods of detecting web‐based plagiarism which are currently available, assessing practical matters such as cost, functionality and performance. Different types of plagiarism detection services are briefly outlined by broad category. The paper then considers the relative advantages and disadvantages of the different methods, referring to comparative studies where possible. It also draws out some of the more general drawbacks of electronic detection, ranging from practical matters such as technical restrictions, data protection issues, and cost, to the human impact on staff and students alike. It seeks to counterbalance these drawbacks by outlining the many possible benefits of implementing online detection in academic institutions, aside from the obvious saving of time when dealing with large cohorts of students. It argues that if online detection is used in conjunction with the many valuable ‘anti‐plagiarism’ resources and tutorials available on the web, it really can become a positive teaching aid for staff and students alike, rather than a threatening online policing system. The paper concludes with a brief forecast for the future of plagiarism detection, and emphasises that any form of online detection service can only act as a mere diagnostic tool to highlight possible cases of plagiarism, with human judgement always needed to investigate further.
How landscape scale changes affect ecological processes in conservation areas: external factors influence land use by zebra (Equus burchelli) in the Okavango Delta

Most large-bodied wildlife populations in sub-Saharan Africa only survive in conservation areas, but are continuing to decline because external changes influence ecological processes within reserves, leading to a lack of functionality. However, failure to understand how landscape scale changes influence ecological processes limits our ability to manage protected areas. We used GPS movement data to calculate dry season home ranges for 14 zebra mares in the Okavango Delta and investigated the effects of a range of landscape characteristics (number of habitat patches, mean patch shape, mean index of juxtaposition, and interspersion) on home range size. Resource utilization functions (RUF) were calculated to investigate how specific landscape characteristics affected space use. Space use by all zebra was clustered. In the wetter (Central) parts of the Delta home range size was negatively correlated with the density of habitat patches, more complex patch shapes, low juxtaposition of habitats and an increased availability of floodplain and grassland habitats. In the drier (Peripheral) parts of the Delta, higher use by zebra was also associated with a greater availability of floodplain and grassland habitats, but a lower density of patches and simpler patch shapes. The most important landscape characteristic was not consistent between zebra within the same area of the Delta, suggesting that no single foraging strategy is substantially superior to others, and so animals using different foraging strategies may all thrive. The distribution and complexity of habitat patches are crucial in determining space use by zebra. The extent and duration of seasonal flooding is the principal process affecting habitat patch characteristics in the Okavango Delta, particularly the availability of floodplains, which are the habitat at greatest risk from climate change and anthropogenic disturbance to the Okavango's catchment basin. Understanding how the factors that determine habitat complexity may change in the future is critical to the conservation of large mammal populations. Our study shows the importance of maintaining flood levels in the Okavango Delta and how the loss of seasonal floodplains will be compounded by changes in habitat configuration, forcing zebra to change their relative space use and enlarge home ranges, leading to increased competition for key resources and population declines.
Multi-Trace Operators, Boundary Conditions, And AdS/CFT Correspondence

We argue that multi-trace interactions in quantum eld theory on the boundary of AdS space can be incorporated in the AdS/CFT correspondence by using a more general boundary condition for the bulk elds than has been considered hitherto. We illustrate the procedure for a renormalizable four-dimensional eld theory with a (Tr 2 ) 2 interaction. In this example, we show how the AdS elds with the appropriate boundary condition reproduce the renormalization group eects found in the boundary eld theory. We also construct in related examples a line of xed points with a nonperturbative duality and a flow between two methods of quantization.
Energy-Efficient Permutation Routing in Radio Networks

A radio network (RN, for short) is a distributed system populated by small, hand-held commodity devices running on batteries. Since recharging batteries may not be possible while on mission, we are interested in designing protocols that are highly energy efficient. One of the most effective energy-saving strategies is to mandate that the stations go to sleep whenever they do not transmit or receive messages. It is well known that a station is expending power while its transceiver is active, that is, while transmitting or receiving a packet. It is perhaps surprising at first that a station is expending power even if it receives a packet that is not destined for it. Since, in single-hop radio networks, every station is within transmission range from every other station, the design of energy-efficient protocols is highly nontrivial. An instance of the permutation routing problem involves p stations of an RN, each storing n/p items. Each item has a unique destination which is the identity of the station to which the item must be routed. The goal is to route all the items to their destinations while expending as little energy as possible. Since, in the worst case, each item must be transmitted at least once, every permutation routing protocol must take n/k time slots. Similarly, each station must be awake for at least n/p time slots to transmit and/or receive packets. Our main contribution is to present an almost optimal energy-efficient permutation routing protocol for a k-channel, a p-station RN that routes n packets in at most (2d+2b+1)n/k+k time slots with no station being awake for more than (4d+7b-1)n/p time slots, where d=[(logp/k)/(logn/p)], b=[(log k)/(logn/p)] and k/spl les//spl radic/(p/2). Since, in most real-life situations, the number n of packets to route, the number p of stations in the RN, and the number k of channels available satisfy the relation k/spl Lt/p/spl Lt/n, it follows that d and b are very small.
FOOD AVAILABILITY AND TIGER SHARK PREDATION RISK INFLUENCE BOTTLENOSE DOLPHIN HABITAT USE

Although both food availability and predation risk have been hypothesized to affect dolphin habitat use and group size, no study has measured both factors concurrently to determine their relative influences. From 1997 to 1999, we investigated the effect of food availability and tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) predation risk on bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) habitat use and group size in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Food availability was measured by fish trapping, while predation risk was assessed by shark catch rates, acoustic tracks, and Crittercam deployments. Dolphin habitat use was deter- mined using belt transects. The biomass of dolphin prey did not vary seasonally and was significantly greater in shallow habitats than in deeper ones. Tiger sharks were virtually absent during cold months of 1997 and 1998, abundant in warm months of all years, and found at an intermediate density during cold months of 1999. When present, shark density was highest in shallow habitats. Decreased echolocation efficiency in very shallow water and poor visual detection of tiger sharks (camouflaged over seagrass) probably further enhance the riskiness of such habitats, and the relative riskiness of shallow habitats is supported by the observation that dolphins select deep waters in which to rest. The observed dolphin group sizes were consistent with a food-safety trade-off. Groups were larger in more dangerous shallow habitats and larger during resting than during foraging. Foraging dolphins matched the distribution of their food when sharks were absent. However, during warm months, the distribution of foraging dolphins significantly deviated from that of their food, with fewer dolphins foraging in the productive (but dangerous) shallow habitats than expected on the basis of food alone. When shark density was intermediate, habitat use by foraging dolphins was more similar to the high-shark-density seasons than periods of low shark density. These results suggest that foraging dolphin distributions reflect a trade-off between predation risk and food availability. Because the distribution and abundance of tiger sharks are influenced by species other than dolphins, the distribution of the tiger sharks' primary prey may indirectly influence dolphin habitat use, suggesting that it is important to consider the community context in studies of habitat use.
Announcing Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank 2.0

We introduce a substantial update of the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank, a parallel corpus manually annotated at the deep syntactic layer of linguistic representation. The English part consists of the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) section of the Penn Treebank. The Czech part was translated from the English source sentence by sentence. This paper gives a high level overview of the underlying linguistic theory (the so-called tectogrammatical annotation) with some details of the most important features like valency annotation, ellipsis reconstruction or coreference.
The Performance Evaluation of Link-Sharing Method of Buffer in NoC Router

We have proposed a memory sharing method of the wormhole routed network-on-chip architecture. In our method, a memory is shared between multiple physical links by using the multi-port memory. We evaluate and discuss the communication performance in the various situations. It is shown that the minimum number of memory banks required in multiport memory for 2D-torus and 2D-mesh networks is 8. Our proposed method yields high performance for both torus and mesh networks. Even this high performance is retained when the buffer size and the packet length are same.
Four-loop verification of algorithm for Feynman diagrams summation in N = 1 supersymmetric electrodynamics

A method of Feynman diagrams summation, based on using Schwinger-Dyson equations and Ward identities, is verified by calculating some four-loop diagrams in N = 1 supersymmetric electrodynamics, regularized by higher derivatives. In particular, for the considered diagrams correctness of an additional identity for Green functions, which is not reduced to the gauge Ward identity, is proved.
Computer Design in Computational Mechanics

The computational mechanics suffers a lack of modifiability and interactivity, which leads to neglecting its potential to help engineers in solving problems faster and cheaper. The fully integration of computer design in computational mechanics will tackle this problems, by means of providing the capability to explore design variations within an analysis environment and with a direct feedback from the mechanical simulation. Our paper states the advantages of such a solution and presents a theoretical concept, which can enrich computational mechanics with modeling functionalities from computer design, enabling a design-analysis iteration loop.
The Effect of Gender on Attributions for Women’s Anxiety and Doubt in a Science Narrative:

Although the effect of biases and stereotype threat on women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields is well documented, less is known about how men and women attribute an undergraduate woman’s anxieties in a STEM class. We examined how undergraduate men and women perceive a woman facing emotional struggles in a physics class (Study 1: N = 309; Study 2: N = 271) and having her contributions ignored in an environmental science class (Study 3: N = 344) in three studies and an internal meta-analysis. Across the studies and meta-analysis, we found gender differences in reactions to the stories. Men were less likely than women to attribute the student’s anxiety to bias-related factors, such as awareness of stereotypes or instructor treatment, and more likely than women to attribute the anxiety to the student’s lack of preparation. Women were more likely to view the narratives as reflecting real-life experiences of women in STEM. The results indicate a lack of awareness, on the part of under.
Research on Health Monitor for Three-dimensional Braided Composite Material

This paper describes two methods of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) embedded in the three-dimensional (3D) braded composite materials and acoustic emission health monitor for 3D braided composite materials condition. The paper mainly analyses the relations of FBG change and the inner straining under the stretching on materials. It is provided that the way of signal collection and processing. The experimental results proved that FBG sensors have exceptional sense characteristic. The braided angle of composites has a little influence on FBG signal. FBG embedded in the 3D braided composite materials has not more effect mechanical property of materials. According to two health monitoring methods and the particularity of 3D braided composites, the health monitoring method based on FBG much more applies to dynamic monitoring on 3D composites special field. This research provides basis for the study and application of advanced intelligent composites.
Genomewide Association Study for Maximum Number of Alcoholic Drinks in European Americans and African Americans.

BACKGROUND We conducted a genomewide association study (GWAS) for maximum number of alcoholic drinks consumed in a 24-hour period ("MaxDrinks"), in 2 independent samples comprised of over 9,500 subjects, following up on our GWAS for alcohol dependence (AD) in European Americans (EAs) and African Americans (AAs). METHODS The samples included our GWAS samples (Yale-UPenn) recruited for studies of the genetics of drug or AD, and a publicly available sample: the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE). Genomewide association analysis was performed for ~890,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using linear association random effects models. EAs and AAs were separately analyzed. RESULTS The results confirmed significant associations of the well-known functional loci at ADH1B with MaxDrinks in EAs (rs1229984 Arg48His p = 5.96 × 10(-15) ) and AAs (rs2066702 Arg370Cys, p = 2.50 × 10(-10) ). The region of significant association on chromosome 4 was extended to LOC100507053 in AAs but not EAs. We also identified potentially novel significant common SNPs for MaxDrinks in EAs in the Yale-UPenn sample: rs1799876 at SERPINC1 on chromosome 1 (4.00 × 10(-8) ) and rs2309169 close to ANKRD36 on chromosome 2 (p = 5.58 × 10(-9) ). After adjusting for the peak SNP rs1229984 on ADH1B, rs1799876 was nearly significant (p = 1.99 × 10(-7) ) and rs2309169 remained highly significant (2.12 × 10(-9) ). CONCLUSIONS The results provide further support that ADH1B modulates alcohol consumption. Future replications of potential novel loci are warranted. This is the largest MaxDrinks GWAS to date, the first in AAs.
A Real Time Algorithm for Bandwidth and Time-slot Assignment for Rain Faded DVB-RCS Systems

Broadband satellite communication networks, oper- ating at Ka band and above, play a vital role in today's world- wide telecommunication infrastructure. The problem, however, is that rain can be the most dominant impairment factor for radio propagation at these frequencies. This paper, addresses bandwidth and time-slot allocation problem for rain faded DVB- RCS satellite networks. We formulate the task as a combinatorial optimization problem and propose a novel algorithm for dynamic bandwidth and time allocation, which works with CRA type of traffic. The algorithm is evaluated using a MATLAB simulation with historical rain data for the UK.
Usage of the MMSE obscures the science of dementia

The 12th World Congress on Controversies in Neurology (CONy 2018) is contemplating the topic: “The term Alzheimer’s disease should be dropped as it is impeding future research”. This article suggests discarding the MMSE might be similarly helpful. Correspondence to: Eugen Tarnow, 18-11 Radburn Road, Fair Lawn, NJ 07410, USA, E-mail: etarnow@avabiz.com
Face recognition using 1DLBP, DWT and SVM

The popular Local binary patterns (LBP) have been highly successful in describing and recognizing faces. However, the original LBP has several limitations which must to be optimized in order to improve its performances to make it suitable for the needs of different types of problems. In this paper, we investigate a new local texture descriptor for automated human identification using 2D facial imaging, this descriptor, denoted: One Dimensional Local Binary Pattern (1DLBP), produces binary code and inspired from classical LBP. The performances of the textural descriptor have been improved by the introduction of the wavelets in order to reduce the dimensionalities of the resulting vectors without losing information. The 1DLBP descriptor is assessed in comparison to the classical and the extended versions of the LBP descriptor. The experimental results applied on two publically datasets, which are the ORL and AR databases, show that this proposed approach of feature extraction, based on 1DLBP descriptor, given very significant improvements at the recognition rates, superiority in comparison to the state of the art, and a good effectiveness in the unconstrained cases.
Irreducible charge density matrices for analysis of many‐electron wave functions

A novel procedure for deriving multicenter bond indices on the basis of irreducible spinless charge density matrices that are naturally introduced as in the Ursell-Mayer theory is presented. Unlike earlier schemes using central moments of the charge operator, the procedure presented here leads to a proper definition of multicenter bond indices for an arbitrary number of atoms. Formal relationships and numerical techniques for the typical configuration interaction (CI) approaches, up to full CI, are given and illustrated with simple molecular systems. Comparison of the molecular orbital and full CI results indicates strong electron correlation effects, especially for the 3-center and 4-center bond indices. Excited state multicenter bond indices are described within the CI singles approach. The problem of proper definition of atomic valence and bond indices for electronic states with nonzero spin is raised.
Improving NetFeatureMap-Based Representation through Frequent Pattern Mining in a Specialized Database

The adequate representation of states in the construction of intelligent agents is fundamental for allowing them to achieve a satisfactory performance, principally for those that actuate in a competitive environment that possesses a high state space. One particular type of representation that is very appropriate for these situations is the NetFeatureMap, which describes by means of features the relevant aspects that are inherent to the environment where the agent actuates. In renowned intelligent agents, such features are manually selected, which certainly leads to inadequate choices. Thus, investigating adequate approaches that perform automatic selection of these features becomes a crucial task. In this way, the main contribution of this paper is to propose a new approach that automatically selects appropriate features based on the frequency at which they occur in the states explored by the agent in the course of its acting over the environment. Such an approach is based on Frequent Pattern Mining. It is interesting to point out that there also exist Genetic Algorithms-based approaches that successfully cope with the same task. Unlike Genetic Algorithms that use heuristic functions to select the features, the present proposal uses real data contained in a specialized database for performing this task. Under the intent of investigating the efficacy of such a proposal, the authors utilize the domain of Checkers player agents as their case study, since they operate in a competitive environment with a very wide state space. This investigation is performed by means of tournaments in which agents whose features are selected by the approach proposed herein face others whose features are selected either manually or by Genetic Algorithms. The superior performance of the Frequent-Pattern-based agents in the tournaments proves the efficacy of the present proposal.