Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Images of the desire for drugs

Abstract The pharmacologically addicted body has emerged in recent times as a dominant image shaping drug discourse. Implicit in this image is a drug desire that overpowers and over-determines the individual. A key feature of this particular drug user body is the body as degenerative with drugs as the cause of social suffering through reducing the social agency of the drug user. Likewise the image of the addict with a hardwired primitive desire for drugs use has also gained some ascendancy in scientific literature. Film, popular culture, ethnographic and scientific research can all draw on these images of desire to structure their narratives of drug use. In this paper I explore a different reading of two portrayals of drug desire. Using a range of analytic tools such as narrative analysis, semiotic and post-structuralist analysis I suggest an alternative way to engage with images of desire. Without arguing for a particular way of thinking about the desire to use drugs, this piece illuminates some key questions about images of drug desire. Through being performative, drug icons are productive; they make possible ways of conceptualising the drug user and the drug-using body. The peformativity of the image can be thought through traditional semiotics, narrative peformativity or, in a more abstract manner with contemporary theories of affect. The point of this essay is to open up another way of thinking about how images might create that of which they speak and in the process suggest a different configuration of desire to the primitive desire of the pharmacologically addicted body.
The History of Mobile Augmented Reality

This document summarizes the major milestones in mobile Augmented Reality between 1968 and 2014. Major parts of the list were compiled by the member of the Christian Doppler Laboratory for Handheld Augmented Reality in 2010 (author list in alphabetical order) for the ISMAR society. Later in 2013 it was updated, and more recent work was added during preparation of this report. Permission is granted to copy and modify.
An Analysis of the Contexts of Antisocial Acts on Prime-Time Television

Prime-time commercial television content is analyzed to determine the frequency and the context of antisocial activity enacted by heroes, villains, and secondary characters. All three types of characters were found to commit a great deal of antisocial activity. Furthermore, the context in which such activity is portrayed is very antisocial. It is almost always shown as being rewarding to and justified by the perpetrators. The study also indicated that a great deal of the antisocial activity is portrayed as being internally motivated.
The Effects of Age , Cognition , and Health Literacy on Use of a Patient EMR Inclusive project dates

Purpose: This project aims to: 1) examine the ability of middle-aged and older adults to use a patient portal of an electronic medical record (EMR) to perform common health management tasks; 2) examine the relationship between individual characteristics such as age, cognitive abilities, health literacy, and the performance of tasks using a portal; and 3) identify usability problems and initial design solutions. Scope: It is critically important to understand the extent to which adults can effectively use patient portals of EMRs, and also to understand the factors that influence their successful use of these systems. This study involved 107 adults aged 40-85 years. Methods: Participants were evaluated with a cognitive battery and health literacy and numeracy tests. Using a simulation of a portal containing a fictitious medical record, participants were evaluated on their ability to perform 15 tasks encompassing medication management, interpretation of lab results, and health maintenance activities. Results: Older adult participants had lower mean scores on complex tasks and overall performance than middle-aged adults. Age, cognitive variables, health numeracy (a component of health literacy), and Internet experience had an impact on performance. Individuals with lower verbal ability, executive functioning, reasoning skills and health numeracy had lower performance.
gGEM: A Gyrofluid Model to be Used on Distributed Platforms

The study of core turbulence represents a key line of research in fusion plasmas. By adding collisions and electromagnetic induction to the parallel dynamics of the standard six-moment toroidal model, it is possible to study the gyrofluid electromagnetic phenomena in the context of edge turbulence with the GEM code. Currently, the code describes the fluctuation free-energy conservation in a gyrofluid model by means of the polarization equation which relates the ExB flow and eddy energy to the combinations of the potential, the density, and the perpendicular temperature. To do so, supercomputers have been used only to date. In this paper, we demonstrate its feasibility as a cluster application on a production environment based on any kind of distributed memory, enhancing in this way its scope. The scalability (which grows linearly with a correlation factor of 0.99978) and the correctness of our solution with respect to the previous GEM version have been evaluated in a local cluster of 88 nodes. The fault tolerance and the Grid suitability have been demonstrated by executing our application in the EUrope Fusion for ITER Applications infrastructure by adapting the code to this paradigm and by improving its parallel Grid performance. It can be employed on its own or belonging to workflows in order to perform a wider more complex analysis of fusion reactors.
Thésaurus distributionnels pour la recherche d'information et vice-versa

Les thesaurus distributionnels sont utiles a de nombreuses tâches du traitement automatique des langues. Dans cet article, nous abordons les problemes de leur construction et de leur evaluation sous l’angle de la recherche d’information. Deux contributions sont proposees. D’une part, en poursuite des travaux inities par Claveau et al., 2014, nous montrons comment les techniques de RI peuvent etre utilisees avec succes pour construire ces thesaurus. Au moyen d’une evaluation directe par comparaison avec des lexiques de reference et au travers de plusieurs experimentations, nous montrons que les resultats obtenus par des modeles de RI depassent les performances des systemes etat de l’art. D’autre part, nous utilisons la RI comme cadre applicatif pour proposer une evaluation indirecte des thesaurus produits. La encore, cette evaluation valide l’approche. Mais surtout, elle permet de mettre en regard les performances obtenues sur cette tâche avec celles des evaluations directes utilisees dans la litterature. Les differences constatees remettent en cause en partie ces pratiques d’evaluation.
Feeling Is for Doing: A Pragmatic Approach to the Study of Emotions in Economic Behavior

Understanding the interaction between reason and passion in economic be-havior has aroused great interest over the ages, and it prompted Jevons(1871/1965), not known to be a feeble mind, to emphasize that “it is fromthe quantitative effects of the feelings that we must estimate their compara-tive effects” (p. 11) on economic and other behavior of relevance. Clearly,making a choice—about a production plant’s location, investment opportu-nity, car, business partner, spouse, or career—is not a purely cold, calculatedcognitive endeavor. On the contrary, these decisions are often fueled by hotemotion. After a long period in which the calls by Jevons and others appearto have been ignored, and attention in theory and research mostly focusedon cognitive, deliberative processes, researchers across disciplines havestarted to look at affective and emotional factors to understand and explainthe behavior of economic agents (for reviews, see Elster, 1998; Kahneman,2003; Loewenstein, 2000). One can now safely say that economic, social,and decision theory recognizes that emotion is a force to be reckoned with.However, there are also two, intimately related emphases in the newfoundinterest in emotions that may hinder the needed further progress of the field:the focus on emotional valence rather than on the specific emotions that de-cision makers experience, and on the focus on informational rather than onthe motivational implications of emotions. We believe that the time is rightto follow up on Jevons’ call for insight into the behavioral implications of thespecific emotions, and the present chapter aims to contribute to this. Spe-cifically, we propose a feeling-is-for-doing approach to the study of emotions,
Do the ideological beliefs of peers predict the prejudiced attitudes of other individuals in the group?

The authors used multilevel modeling to examine whether peer group ideological beliefs (n = 109 friendship groups) predicted the homophobic and racist attitudes of other individuals within the group (n = 395 college students). Results indicated that the social dominance orientation (SDO), right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and universal-diverse orientation (UDO) ideological beliefs of peers predicted the prejudiced attitudes of other group members, over and above individuals’ own ideological views. Additionally, the strength with which individuals’ own ideological beliefs predicted their prejudiced attitudes varied systematically across peer groups. Affiliations with high-RWA peers strengthened the extent to which individuals’ own SDO and RWA predicted their prejudiced attitudes. Results suggest the ideological beliefs of peers are relevant to predicting the prejudiced attitudes of the individuals with whom they affiliate. Although specific peer ideologies differentially predicted forms of prejudice, the overall contribution of these peer ideology beliefs to the prediction of individuals’ prejudiced attitudes was comparable for both homophobic and racist attitudes. Attention to proximal social networks and the social dynamics within these networks can contribute to better explanations of individual differences in prejudiced attitudes.
Family Perspective on Augmentative and Alternative Communication: Families of Adolescents and Young Adults

In cooperation with the Pennsylvania Assistive Technology Center of Harrisburg, a survey was conducted to gain information about families of adolescents and young adults between the ages of 13 to 21 years who use assistive devices to overcome severe speaking and writing impairments. The purpose of this study was to identify the needs, priorities, and preferences of mothers and fathers of older children for assistive devices and technology services. A total of 132 parents (i.e., 85 mothers and 47 fathers) representing 97 families responded to the survey. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Both mothers and fathers expressed priority needs for increasing knowledge of assistive devices and planning for future communication needs. Among the mothers' other priorities were needs for having social opportunities for the AAC adolescent with nonhandicapped peers, integrating assistive devices in the community, and having social opportunities for the AAC adolescent with other assistive device users.
A Comparison of Cohort and Non-Cohort Graduate Student Perceptions of the Ethical Climate and its Importance in Retention

This quantitative study compared 19 cohort and 27 non-cohort graduate students' perceptions of the ethical climate of an educational administration program at a midwestern metropolitan university using the Ethical Climate Index (ECI). In addition, the study investigated graduate student perceptions of the importance of the ethical climate in the retention of students within academic programs. The results of the study indicated that cohort students rated the ethical climate significantly more positive than non-cohort students on two of the three ECI subscales: student to faculty and student to student. Both cohort and non-cohort students perceived the ethical climate as an important factor in the retention of students within academic programs.
The Secreted Esterase of Group A Streptococcus Is Important for Invasive Skin Infection and Dissemination in Mice

ABSTRACT Virulence factors regulated by the CovRS/CsrRS two-component gene regulatory system contribute to the invasive diseases caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS). To determine whether the streptococcal secreted esterase (Sse), an antigen that protects against subcutaneous GAS infection, is one of these virulence factors, we investigated the phenotype of a nonpolar sse deletion mutant strain (Δsse). In addition, we examined the effects of covS mutation on sse expression. As assessed using a mouse model of subcutaneous infection, the virulence of the Δsse strain is attenuated and the overall pathology is reduced. Furthermore, GAS was detected in the blood and spleens from mice subcutaneously infected with the parental strain, whereas mice subcutaneously infected with the Δsse strain had no GAS present in their blood and spleens. The ability of the mutant to survive in the subcutis of mice appeared to be compromised. The growth of the Δsse strain in rich and chemically defined media and nonimmune human blood and sera was slower than that of the wild-type strain. Complementation restored the phenotype of the Δsse strain to that of the wild-type strain. The wild-type, Δsse, and complement strains had no detectable SpeB activity. Expression of Sse is negatively controlled by CovRS. These findings suggest that Sse is a CovRS-regulated virulence factor that is important for the virulence of GAS in subcutaneous infection and plays an important role in severe soft tissue infections and systemic dissemination of GAS from the skin.
In Vitro Bone Cell Models: Impact of Fluid Shear Stress on Bone Formation

This review describes the role of bone cells and their surrounding matrix in maintaining bone strength through the process of bone remodeling. Subsequently, this work focusses on how bone formation is guided by mechanical forces and fluid shear stress in particular. It has been demonstrated that mechanical stimulation is an important regulator of bone metabolism. Shear stress generated by interstitial fluid flow in the lacunar-canalicular network influences maintenance and healing of bone tissue. Fluid flow is primarily caused by compressive loading of bone as a result of physical activity. Changes in loading, e.g., due to extended periods of bed rest or microgravity in space are associated with altered bone remodeling and formation in vivo. In vitro, it has been reported that bone cells respond to fluid shear stress by releasing osteogenic signaling factors, such as nitric oxide, and prostaglandins. This work focusses on the application of in vitro models to study the effects of fluid flow on bone cell signaling, collagen deposition, and matrix mineralization. Particular attention is given to in vitro set-ups, which allow long-term cell culture and the application of low fluid shear stress. In addition, this review explores what mechanisms influence the orientation of collagen fibers, which determine the anisotropic properties of bone. A better understanding of these mechanisms could facilitate the design of improved tissue-engineered bone implants or more effective bone disease models.
Understanding the next of kin's experience of their life situation in informal caregiving of older persons

The experience of their life situation of next of kin in informal caregiving needs to be followed as they may need support tomaintain their own health and cope with continuing in their caregiving role. Many of these individuals, often the olderperson’s spouse, are elderly themselves. The aim of this study was to increase the understanding of the next of kin’sexperience of their life situation in connection with their informal caregiving of older persons. The study had a qualitativeapproach, with an inductive explorative design. Informal conversational interviews were conducted. Twelve next of kinwere interviewed, nine of them twice. In all, 21 interviews were performed, and subsequently subjected to latent contentanalysis. The theme that emerged from the data was “A balance or imbalance in next of kin’s daily life. ” The threesubthemes were: (1) Balance and imbalance in the relationship with the older person, other family members, and friends;(2) Balance and imbalance in the relationship with the staff from municipal care; and (3) Balance and imbalance indemands, affecting the caregiver’s own health. Communication with mutual respect was described as a tool for creatinggood relations. The results of this study highlight the strained life experiences of next of kin while caring for older persons.There is a need to give more attention to the next of kin’s life situation and to find the means to support them. To reduceworry and stress, health care staff need to understand the next of kin’s experience of their life situation, and good relationsneed to be created among all involved in the care.
Studying cytochrome P450 kinetics in drug metabolism.

BACKGROUND Determination of cytochrome P450 enzyme-mediated kinetics in vitro can be useful for predicting drug dosing and clearance in humans. Expressed P450s, human liver microsomes, human hepatocytes (both fresh and cryopreserved), and human liver slices are used to estimate K(m) and V(max) values for determination of intrinsic clearance of the drug for scale-up to predict in vivo clearance. OBJECTIVE To describe the advantages and disadvantages of the various in vitro systems used to estimate kinetic parameters for disposition of drugs and the various kinetic profiles that can be observed. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the utility of the various in vitro preparations, the methods for determining kinetic parameters and the types of kinetic profiles that may be observed. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS The choice of in vitro system for determining kinetic parameters will depend on the objective of the studies, as each system has advantages and disadvantages. Kinetic parameter determinations must be carefully assessed to assure that the correct kinetic model is applied and the most accurate kinetic parameters are determined.
A Decade of Evidence-Based Education

It has been 10 years since No Child Left Behind (NCLB), with its emphasis on scientifically based instruction as a means for improving the educational outcomes of students, was signed into law. In this article, we review the basic tenets of evidence-based practice as they apply to education as well as the progress that has been made in identifying, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based interventions since NCLB. We conclude that the greatest threat to evidence-based education is poor implementation of interventions. If evidence-based interventions are not implemented well, then the expected benefits are not likely to be realized.
Validation of the Hong Kong Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task for paediatric dentistry (HKOHLAT-P).

BACKGROUND Oral health literacy is a newly emerging field with considerable research potential. AIM To validate an original instrument, the Hong Kong Oral Health Literacy Assessment Task (HKOHLAT-P) for paediatric dentistry. DESIGN A convenient sample of 200 child/parent dyads attending a dental hospital in Hong Kong was selected. Convergent validity was tested by examining the association of HKOHLAT-P scores with those derived from the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Dentistry (TOFHLiD) and Hong Kong Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (HKREALD-30). The predictive validity of HKOHLAT-P was determined by testing the association between HKOHLAT-P and children's caries experience (dmft) and the Chinese Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). The test-retest reliability and internal consistency of HKOHLAT-P were also evaluated. RESULTS HKOHLAT-P was positively correlated with TOFHLiD and HKREALD-30 (P < 0.01), and was negatively correlated with children's dmft and ECOHIS. In the regression model, HKOHLAT-P was associated with TOFHLiD, HKEALD-30, children's dmft, and ECOHIS (P < 0.05) after controlling for participants' demographic characteristics. The intra-class correlation coefficient of HKOHLAT-P was 0.63 and the Cronbach's α was 0.71. CONCLUSION Initial testing of HKOHLAT-P suggested that it is a valid and reliable instrument.
Two-player zero-sum games for leader-follower consensus of linear multi-agent systems with unknown dynamics

In this paper, the leader-follower consensus problem of linear multi-agent systems with unknown dynamics and external disturbances is studied by using the two-player zero-sum game and adaptive dynamic programming. First, we establish the global error dynamic system of the multi-agent system and decouple the global error dynamic system for each agent. Second, we use the two-player zero-sum game theory to deal with external disturbances, and get the generalized algebraic Riccati equation for each agent. Third, based on adaptive dynamic programming, we propose a new algorithm for solving the leader-follower consensus problem for multi-agent systems with unknown dynamics. At last, Simulation results are further presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Influence of preprocessing on dependency syntax annotation: speed and agreement

When creating a new resource, preprocessing the source texts before annotation is both ubiquitous and obvious. How the preprocessing affects the annotation effort for various tasks is for the most part an open question, however. In this paper, we study the effects of preprocessing on the annotation of dependency corpora and how annotation speed varies as a function of the quality of three different parsers and compare with the speed obtained when starting from a least-processed baseline. We also present preliminary results concerning the effects on agreement based on a small subset of sentences that have been doubly-annotated. 1
Phase Preserving Tone Mapping of Non-Photographic High Dynamic Range Images

Non-photographic images having a high dynamic range, such as aeromagnetic images, are difficult to present in a manner that facilitates interpretation. Standard photographic high dynamic range (HDR) algorithms may be unsuitable, or inapplicable to such data. We present a method that compresses the dynamic range of an image while preserving local features. It makes no assumptions about the formation of the image, the feature types it contains, or its range of values. Thus, unlike algorithms designed for photographic images, this algorithm can be applied to a wide range of scientific images. The method is based on extracting local phase and amplitude values across the image using monogenic filters. The dynamic range of the image can then be reduced by applying a range reducing function to the amplitude values, for example taking the logarithm, and then reconstructing the image using the original phase values. An important attribute of this approach is that the local phase information is preserved, this is important for the human visual system in interpreting the image. The result is an image that retains the fidelity of its features within a greatly reduced dynamic range. An additional advantage of the method is that the range of spatial frequencies that are used to reconstruct the image can be chosen via high-pass filtering to control the scale of analysis.