Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Voters Rational? Evidence from Gubernatorial Elections

Standard agency theory suggests that rational voters will vote to re-elect politicians who deliver favorable outcomes. A second implication is that rational voters will not support a politician because of good outcomes unrelated to the politician's actions. Specifically, rational voters should try to filter signal from noise, both in order to avoid electing incompetent, but lucky politicians, and to maximize the link between their votes and optimal incentives. This paper provides insight into the information processing capacities of voters, by measuring the extent to which they irrationally reward state governors for economic fluctuations that are plausibly unrelated to gubernatorial actions. Simple tests of relative performance evaluation reveal that voters evaluate their state's economic performance relative to the national economy. However, these tests only provide evidence of rule-of-thumb performance filtering. More sophisticated tests reveal that voters in oil-producing states tend to re-elect incumbent governors during oil price rises, and vote them out of office when the oil price drops. Similarly, voters in pro-cyclical states are consistently fooled into re-electing incumbents during national booms, only to dump them during national recessions. Consistent with an emerging behavioral literature, this suggests that voters make systematic attribution errors and are best characterized as quasi-rational.
Collaborative Strategies: How and Why Academic Spin-offs Interact with Engineering University Centers

This chapter follows the management and development of two KIE ventures that are academic spin-offs, in relation to collaborative strategies. The perspective is on how and why academic spin-offs continue to engage in collaborative strategies with engineering centers located at the university. The KIE ventures use the centers to access scientific and technological knowledge, as expected, but they also are interested in accessing other resources and networks to help further develop their research, product and market development. The key message is that networks with research centers at the university help shape the venture. Even after the founding phase, these KIE ventures can use collaborative strategies for research to access resources and ideas – involving scientific and technological knowledge but also market and business knowledge. The results of the chapter help us understand in particular how the venture needs to continue to access resources and ideas, even during the management and development phase of the KIE conceptual model. The KIE ventures are academic spin-offs, heavily involved in the development of technologies, and yet they greatly benefit from these university networks to access market knowledge from other, established firms, and to access business knowledge through the recruitment of experienced managers.
Officer attitudes toward organizational change in the Turkish National Police.

This dissertation emphasizes the importance of the human factor in the organizational change process. Change - the only constant - is inevitable for organizations and no change program can be achieved without the support and acceptance of organization members. In this context, this study identifies officer attitudes toward organizational change in the Turkish National Police (TNP) and the factors affecting those attitudes. The Officer Attitude Model created by the researcher includes six main factors (receptivity to change, readiness for change, trust in management, commitment to organization, communication of change, and training for change) and five background factors (gender, age, rank, level of education, and work experience) to explain officer attitudes toward change. In order to test this model, an officer attitude survey was administered in Turkey among TNP members and the results of the gathered data validated this model.
Hot spots of DNA double-strand breaks and genomic contacts of human rDNA units are involved in epigenetic regulation

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are involved in many cellular mechanisms, including replication, transcription, and genome rearrangements. The recent observation that hot spots of DSBs in human chromosomes delimit DNA domains that possess coordinately expressed genes suggests a strong relationship between the organization of transcription patterns and hot spots of DSBs. In this study, we performed mapping of hot spots of DSBs in a human 43-kb ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeated unit. We observed that rDNA units corresponded to the most fragile sites in human chromosomes and that these units possessed at least nine specific regions containing clusters of extremely frequently occurring DSBs, which were located exclusively in non-coding intergenic spacer (IGS) regions. The hot spots of DSBs corresponded to only a specific subset of DNase-hypersensitive sites, and coincided with CTCF, PARP1, and HNRNPA2B1 binding sites, and H3K4me3 marks. Our rDNA-4C data indicate that the regions of IGS containing the hot spots of DSBs often form contacts with specific regions in different chromosomes, including the pericentromeric regions, as well as regions that are characterized by H3K27ac and H3K4me3 marks, CTCF binding sites, ChIA-PET and RIP signals, and high levels of DSBs. The data suggest a strong link between chromosome breakage and several different mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of gene expression.
Using grounded theory to explore learners' perspectives of workplace learning

Grounded theory is an inductive enquiry that explains social processes in complex real-world contexts. Research methods are cumulative cyclic processes, not sequential processes. Researchers remain theoretically sensitive and approach data with no preconceived hypotheses or theoretical frameworks. Literature is reviewed as lines of enquiry and substantive theories emerge. Interviewers ask broad open questions, check understanding and prompt further description. Participants choose how they share their perspectives and experiences. Everything is considered data. Data is analyzed in cyclic processes. Initially coding uses participants' words, and then identifies patterns, social processes and emerging substantive theories. Memos and diagrams facilitate understanding of data and literature. Grounded theory is a suitable research methodology for work-integrated learning because grounded theory explains social processes, such as learning, in complex real-world contexts, such as workplaces, where multiple influencing factors occur simultaneously. A case study illustrates how grounded theory was used to explain learning in the workplace. © 2018 International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning. ;
Identification of a Novel Fimbrial Gene Cluster Related to Long Polar Fimbriae in Locus of Enterocyte Effacement-Negative Strains of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a food-borne cause of bloody diarrhea and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Most strains of EHEC belong to a group of bacterial pathogens that cause distinctive lesions on the host intestine termed attaching-and-effacing (A/E) lesions. A/E strains of EHEC, including the predominant serotype, O157:H7, are responsible for the majority of HUS outbreaks worldwide. However, several serotypes of EHEC are not A/E pathogens because they lack the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island. Nevertheless, such strains have been associated with sporadic cases and small outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and HUS. Of these LEE-negative organisms, O113:H21 is one of the most commonly isolated EHEC serotypes in many regions. Clinical isolates of LEE-negative EHEC typically express Shiga toxin 2 and carry an ∼90-kb plasmid that encodes EHEC hemolysin, but in the absence of LEE, little is known about the way in which these pathogens colonize the host intestine. In this study we describe the identification of a novel fimbrial gene cluster related to long polar fimbriae in EHEC O113:H21. This chromosomal region comprises four open reading frames, lpfA to lfpD, and has the same location in the EHEC O113:H21 genome as O island 154 in the prototype EHEC O157:H7 strain, EDL933. In a survey of EHEC of other serotypes, homologues of lpfAO113 were found in 26 of 28 LEE-negative and 8 of 11 non-O157:H7 LEE-positive EHEC strains. Deletion of the putative major fimbrial subunit gene, lpfA, from EHEC O113:H21 resulted in decreased adherence of this strain to epithelial cells, suggesting that lpfO113 may function as an adhesin in LEE-negative isolates of EHEC.
Towards coherent natural language description of video streams

This contribution addresses the approach to creating smooth and coherent description of video streams. Firstly conventional image processing techniques are applied to extract high level features from individual video frames. Natural language description of the frame contents is produced based on high level features. In order to extend the approach to description of video streams, we introduce units of features and overview how units can be used to present coherent, smooth and well phrased descriptions by incorporating spatial and temporal information. The approach is evaluated by calculating overlap similarity score between human authored and machine generated descriptions.
Rating the Audience: The Business of Media

Knowing, measuring and understanding media audiences have become a multi-billion dollar business. But the convention that underpins that business, audience ratings, is in crisis. Rating the Audience is the first book to show why and how audience ratings research became a convention, an agreement, and the first to interrogate the ways that agreement is now under threat. Taking a historical approach, the book looks at the evolution of audience ratings and the survey industry. It goes on to analyse today's media environment, looking at the role of the internet and the increased difficulties it presents for measuring audiences. The book covers all the major players and controversies, such as Facebook's privacy rulings and Google's alliance with Nielsen. Offering the first real comparative study, it will be critical for media students and professionals.
Current Situation of PC12 Cell Use in Neuronal Injury Study

The nervous system diseases are easy to get and hard to cure. The mechanism is bound up with nervous cells injure, so itâ€™s significant to study medicine protect nervous cells injure. We need find an ideal model to study these diseases. PC12 cell is a pheochromocytoma cell line from RattusNorvegicus , because it has some characters of nerve cells and easy to cultivate and passage, these cells have been proved to be a useful cell model to study nervous physiology and pharmacology. There are several of PC12 cells, American type culture collection supply two kinds of PC12 cell named PC12 cell and PC12Adh. There are high differentiation, low differentiation and undifferentiating in domestic. Although they are very similar, there are still some differences, and not every PC12 cell is effective for every experimental model. After compared, we hold that PC12Adh cell line is more suitable for neurite outgrowth studies under ROCK inhibitor than the PC12 cell line, PC12 cells that induced by NGF and high differentiated PC12 cell are similar to cerebral cortical neurons, they are suitable for various physiological and pathological study of nervous system. Undifferentiated PC12 cells due to low levels of dopamine, therefore it is not suitable for study on neural cells.
A Unified Account for Two Problems in the Acquisition of Pronouns

In this study, I investigate the acquisition of pronominal elements by children acquiring English and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) as their native languages. The constructions under scrutiny contain pronouns appearing in two distinct environments, namely, pronouns locally A-bound, as shown in (1ab), and pronouns A’-bound appearing in extractable positions inside relative clauses (the so-called resumptive pronouns (RPs)), as in (2a-b):
A RECENT REVIEW ON ASSOCIATION RULE MINING

Recently more encroachment has emerged in the field of data mining. One of the hottest topic in this area is mining for hidden patterns from the existing massive collection of databases. The knowledge obtained from these databases are used for different applications like super market sales-prediction, fraud detection etc. In this article, the various advancements in data mining using the association rule mining is discussed. The role of Association rules in temporal mining, utility mining, statistical mining, privacy preservation mining, particle swarm optimizations etc., are reviewed. Therefore, this survey guides the researchers to know the progress of pattern mining using association rules for the intended purposes.
Will the government hit its child poverty target in 2004-05?

This Briefing Note assesses the likelihood that the government will meet its child poverty target in 2004-05 in the light of decisions made in Pre-Budget Report (PBR) 2003. It updates the analysis presented in What Do the Child Poverty Targets Mean for the Child Tax Credit? An Update, IFS Briefing Note 41, which was written before PBR 2003. We agree with the assessment in PBR 2003 that the government should comfortably meet its target measuring incomes before housing costs (BHC). It also concludes that the government is on course to just hit its target measuring incomes after housing costs (AHC). However, there are uncertainties in making these forecasts, not least because the government uses a survey of around 30,000 households to estimate child poverty in a population roughly a thousand times as large. We should know for sure whether the target has been hit in Spring 2006.
Homogeneous HKT and QKT manifolds

We present the construction of a large class of homogeneous KT, HKT and QKT manifolds, $G/K$, using an invariant metric on $G$ and the canonical connection. For this a decomposition of the Lie algebra of $G$ is employed, which is most easily described in terms of colourings of Dynkin diagrams of simple Lie algebras. KT structures on homogeneous spaces are associated with different colourings of Dynkin diagrams. The colourings which give rise to HKT structures are found using extended Dynkin diagrams. We also construct homogeneous QKT manifolds from homogeneous HKT manifolds and show that their twistor spaces admit a KT structure. Many examples of homogeneous KT, HKT and QKT spaces are given.
An efficient ICA approach based on neural network framework for biomedical applications

The paper developed a block-wise approach for ICA algorithms which can improve the computational efficiency of ICA without the degradation of performance for the separation of biomedical signals. Source signals including electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG) and 60-Hz sinusoid are linearly mixed for experimental tests. The mean-square errors (MSE) between the original sources and the separated signals are calculated for the evaluation of separation performance. These results demonstrated that the proposed block-wise approach can achieve the desired separation performance of signals in a more efficient way.
The Effect of Expressive Writing on the Math Anxiety Scores of Middle School Students Enrolled in a Public School in East Texas

Math anxiety is a serious concern for educators and students. Students who may otherwise be successful can find themselves incapacitated to think and perform to their abilities due to this issue. Math anxiety negatively affects academic performance and deters students from pursuing math-based careers. This is particularly true for female students. Effective interventions are needed to address these issues. Expressive writing is one such intervention that has shown promise in reducing math anxiety with older students. This study investigated the impact of expressive writing on the math anxiety levels of middle school students according to group and gender. An experimental, pretest-posttest, control group design with random assignment was used for a sample of 40 students from a public middle school in East Texas. The Modified Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale was administered as a pretest and posttest. Students were randomly placed into either the control or treatment group. Both groups completed journal entries each day. The treatment group also responded to a daily expressive writing prompt. The study was conducted over a two-week period. One-way ANCOVAs for data analysis found no significant differences according to group or gender. Results and their implications are discussed, and future research recommendations provided.
Fixed-Outline Floorplanning: Block-Position Enumeration and a New Method for Calculating Area Costs

In this paper, we propose a fixed-outline floorplanning (FOFP) method [insertion-after-remove (IAR) FP]. An elaborated method for perturbing solutions, the IAR, is devised. This perturbation uses a technique of enumerating block positions, which is implemented based on the floorplan-representation sequence pair. The proposed perturbation method can greatly accelerate searching-based algorithms, such as simulated annealing, by skipping many solutions that fail to meet the fixed-outline constraint. Moreover, based on the analysis of the diverse objective functions used in the existing research works, we suggest for the FOFP a new objective function which is still effective when combined with other objectives. Experimental results show that, if area and wirelength are optimized simultaneously, using less time, the proposed method obtains much higher average success rate for the FOFP with various aspect ratios, while the wirelength with the fixed-outline constraint is reduced by 20% on average, compared with the latest fixed-outline floorplanners. On the other hand, we validated once more by experiments that an aspect ratio close to one is beneficial to wirelength, and hence, a larger area weight is necessary for the FOFP with a larger aspect ratio to ensure feasible solutions.
Architectural Power Management for Battery Lifetime Optimization in Portable Systems

For portable computing devices, maximizing battery lifetime or performing maximum possible operations per recharge is a primary objective. Various voltage and frequency scaling techniques are being used in commercial devices. This work considers the role of energy source, i.e., battery, in the optimization of a portable system. We introduce battery lifetime in number of clock cycles as an optimization metric. In addition the energy consumed by the system, battery lifetime also depends upon the battery efficiency, which may degrade as the power consumption increases. We examine power reduction techniques for a processor such as frequency scaling, i.e., clock slowdown (CSD) and instruction slowdown (ISD) from a battery efficiency viewpoint and estimate battery lifetime expressed in number of operational cycles. In case of ISD, implemented with the help of NOPs, we demonstrate that the lifetime for a given size of battery might be optimum at a slowdown factor around 2 to 3. The battery lifetime improvement requires reduced power dissipation coupled with prolonged execution time and, surprisingly, sometimes even increased energy consumption. With architecture level modifications, such as instruction slowdown, battery lifetime increase of 20% is realized.
Please Scroll down for Article Communication Education Computer-mediated Communication in the University Classroom: an Experiment with On-line Discussions

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Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) 1975

1. What is the date today? _______________________________________________________________ 2. What day of the week is it? ____________________________________________________________ 3. What is the name of this place? ________________________________________________________ 4. What is your telephone number? _______________________________________________________ 4A. What is your street address? ___________________________________________________________ (Ask only if patient does not have a telephone) 5. How old are you? _____________________ _______________________________________________ 6. When were you born? ____________________________ ____________________________________ 7. Who is President of the United States now? _____________________________________________ 8. Who was President just before him? ____________________________________________________ 9. What was your mother’s maiden name? _________________________________________________ 10. Subtract 3 from 20 and keep subtracting 3 from each new number, all the way down. Month Day Year
The effect of phase matching factor on four wave mixing in optical communication systems: fuzzy and analytical analysis

In this paper, a modified analysis of Four Wave Mixing (FWM) by incorporating the third-order dispersion parameters is reported. With the help of a modified formula for FWM crosstalk, the effect of second- and third-order dispersion parameters at different input channel powers has been analysed. Under the combined effect of second- and third-order dispersion parameters, the crosstalk introduced by FWM is reduced. Further, we propose a fuzzy-based approach using Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to calculate FWM power by varying input channel powers at different intensity-dependent phase-matching factors, and observed that the results are very similar to analytical results.
Multi-hop Congestion Control Algorithm in Mobile Wireless Networks

This paper focuses on the congestion control problem on a multi-hop path in mobile wireless networks. Conventional congestion control algorithms do not consider highly mobile devices in a network where link status changes frequently. The assumption of link validity in proactive algorithms results in high network overhead. In this paper, a new on-demand method of congestion control in multi-hop communication within a wireless network is proposed. The basic idea is to monitor each node’s backpressure and identify the flooded links. Then it provides means for optimization of the congested link and regulation of the data rate at the source of network congestion. The main results are an increase of the overall network throughput and the possibility of co-existence for nodes with different rates. This algorithm is particularly important in urban settings characterized by a high density of mobile devices.