Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew disease in sugarcane.

Randomly chosen samples of 2091 and 1667 sugarcane clones derived from 14 cross combinations were tested against downy mildew disease in 1977 and 1978, respectively. Another set of 830 clones derived from 29 combinations was used for testing in 1996 and 1997. The narrow sense heritability (in family mean basis) of disease resistance from the regression of offspring on the mid-parent was 0.66 and 0.65 irz the 1977-1978 and 1996-1997 trials, respectively, an indication that the additive gene action is important. Selection for resistant clones is therefore effective. A rapid progress toward increased downy mildew resistance can be made through a breeding and selection program. The resistance of downy mildew inherited mainly through the female parent. The downy mildew resistant clone, when used as a seed parent, produced more resistant offspring than when used as a pollen giver. This can not be attributed totally to cytoplasmic inheritance because the reciprocal differences were observed only in a few cases among the reciprocal crosses. It was proposed that both the genes in the nucleus, which are of major importance, and also certain genes in maternal cytoplasm are involved in the genetic control of resistance of downy mildew disease of sugarcane.
Delay and Reliability Tradeoffs in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

Network densification is one of the dominant evolutions to increase network capacity toward future cellular networks. However, the complex and random interference in the resultant interference-limited heterogeneous cellular networks (HCN) may deteriorate packet transmission reliability and increase transmission delay, which are essential performance metrics for system design in HCN. By modeling the locations of base stations (BSs) as superimposed of independent Poisson point process, we propose an analytical framework to investigate delay and reliability tradeoffs in HCN in terms of timely throughput and local delay. In our analysis, we take the BS activity and temporal correlation of transmissions into consideration, both having significant effects on the performances. The effects of mobility, BS density, and association bias factor are evaluated through numerical results.
Composite Scheme LR + Th for Decoding with Erasures and Its Effective Equivalence to Forney's Rule

For decoding with erasures, Forney's scheme is known to be optimal in the sense that no other scheme can make the erasure probability P/sub ers/ and undetected error probability P/sub uer/ simultaneously smaller. We propose a scheme for erasure decision which tests the likelihood ratio as well as the likelihood itself and show that the attainable upper bounds on P/sub ers/ and P/sub uer/ are the same as those proved for the optimal scheme up to a constant factor. We also show that the scheme gives, when applied to convolutional codes, a bound which is related to the block-coding bound via Forney's inverse concatenation construction. We show that this bound is the same as the one which naturally arises when we apply Raghavan and Baum's (1998) optimal scheme to convolutional code.
A Firm-Level Analysis of ICT Adoption in an Emerging Economy: Evidence from the Colombian Manufacturing Industries

This study examines information and communication technologies (ICT) adoption among 3759 Colombian manufacturing firms to identify factors that are pertinent to the adoption and usage of ICT at the firm level. This article also attempts to ascertain if the determinants of a firm's ICT adoption vary across the firm size. Our major findings show that three main factors are complementary to a firm's ICT adoption: human capital, organizational changes, and innovation results. Also, firms facing competition in markets abroad are more likely to adopt ICT. Information spillover within the industry is also identified as a determinant of ICT adoptions by firms.
SHC-alpha5beta1 integrin interactions regulate breast cancer cell adhesion and motility.

The oncogenic SHC proteins are signaling substrates for most receptor and cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (TKs) and have been implicated in cellular growth, transformation, and differentiation. In tumor cells overexpressing TKs, the levels of tyrosine phosphorylated SHC are chronically elevated. The significance of amplified SHC signaling in breast tumorigenesis and metastasis remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that seven- to ninefold overexpression of SHC significantly altered interactions of cells with fibronectin (FN). Specifically, in human breast cancer cells overexpressing SHC (MCF-7/SHC) the association of SHC with alpha5beta1 integrin (FN receptor) was increased, spreading on FN was accelerated, and basal growth on FN was reduced. These effects coincided with an early decline of adhesion-dependent MAP kinase activity. Basal motility of MCF-7/SHC cells on FN was inhibited relative to that in several cell lines with normal SHC levels. However, when EGF or IGF-I was used as the chemoattractant, the locomotion of MCF-7/SHC cells was greatly (approx fivefold) stimulated, while it was only minimally altered in the control cells. These data suggest that SHC is a mediator of the dynamic regulation of cell adhesion and motility on FN in breast cancer cells.
MRI-based morphological modeling, synthesis and characterization of cardiac tissue-mimicking materials

This study uses standard synthetic methodologies to produce tissue-mimicking materials that match the morphology and emulate the in vivo murine and human cardiac mechanical and imaging characteristics, with dynamic mechanical analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and magnetic resonance imaging. In accordance with such aims, poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) elastomeric materials were synthesized (at two different glycerol (G)–sebacic (S) acid molar ratios; the first was synthesized using a G:S molar ratio of 2:2, while the second from a 2:5 G:S molar ratio, resulting in PGS2:2 and PGS2:5 elastomers, respectively). Unlike the synthesized PGS2:2 elastomers, the PGS2:5 materials were characterized by an overall mechanical instability in their loading behavior under the three successive loading conditions tested. An oscillatory response in the mechanical properties of the synthesized elastomers was observed throughout the loading cycles, with measured increased storage modulus values at the first loading cycle, stabilizing to lower values at subsequent cycles. These elastomers were characterized at 4 °C and were found to have storage modulus values of 850 and 1430 kPa at the third loading cycle, respectively, in agreement with previously reported values of the rat and human myocardium. SEM of surface topology indicated minor degradation of synthesized materials at 10 and 20 d post-immersion in the PBS buffer solution, with a noted cluster formation on the PGS2:5 elastomers. AFM nanoindentation experiments were also conducted for the measurement of the Young modulus of the sample surface (no bulk contribution). Correspondingly, the PGS2:2 elastomer indicated significantly decreased surface Young's modulus values 20 d post-PBS immersion, compared to dry conditions (Young's modulus = 1160 ± 290 kPa (dry) and 200 ± 120 kPa (20 d)). In addition to the two-dimensional (2D) elastomers, an integrative platform for accurate construction of three-dimensional tissue-mimicking models of cardiac anatomy from 2D MR images using rapid prototyping manufacturing processes was developed. For synthesized elastomers, doping strategies with two different concentrations of the MRI contrast agent Dotarem allowed independent and concurrent control of the imaging characteristics (contrast and relaxivity) during the synthetic process for increased contrast agent absorption, with tremendous potential for non-destructive in vivo use and applications to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Assessment of Outcome in Patients with Low‐Back Pain

The Low-Back Outcome Score has been devised as a new and accurate rating system for patients with low-back pain. Thirteen factors, such as pain, employment, sporting ability, rest required, and activities of daily living, were included; subjective opinion was excluded. Pain and active pursuits were weighted. Presentation of the score as a questionnaire, excluding examination findings, eliminated both interobserver variation and observer variation with time. The score was applied retrospectively in a follow-up study of conservatively treated patients and was found to be more comprehensive and more discriminating than the Oswestry Disability Score, the Waddell Disability Rating, or the Waddell Physical impairment Rating. The Low-Back Outcome Score is recommended for further evaluation in future prospective studies in low-back pain.
Indexation aléatoire et similarité inter-phrases appliquées au résumé automatique. (Random indexing and inter-sentences similarity applied to automatic summarization)

Face a la masse grandissante des donnees textuelles presentes sur le Web, le resume automatique d'une collection de documents traitant d'un sujet particulier est devenu un champ de recherche important du Traitement Automatique des Langues. Les experimentations decrites dans cette these s'inscrivent dans cette perspective. L'evaluation de la similarite semantique entre phrases est l'element central des travaux realises. Notre approche repose sur la similarite distributionnelle et une vectorisation des termes qui utilise l'encyclopedie Wikipedia comme corpus de reference. Sur la base de cette representation, nous avons propose, evalue et compare plusieurs mesures de similarite textuelle ; les donnees de tests utilisees sont celles du defi SemEval 2014 pour la langue anglaise et des ressources que nous avons construites pour la langue francaise. Les bonnes performances des mesures proposees nous ont amenes a les utiliser dans une tâche de resume multi-documents, qui met en oeuvre un algorithme de type PageRank. Le systeme a ete evalue sur les donnees de DUC 2007 pour l'anglais et le corpus RPM2 pour le francais. Les resultats obtenus par cette approche simple, robuste et basee sur une ressource aisement disponible dans de nombreuses langues, se sont averes tres encourageants
The sodium, potassium and water content of isolated normal human leucocytes

Studies of the concentrations of electrolytes in plasma give a picture of the composition of extracellular fluid, but not of that of the body as a whole. However, in order to obtain full information about water and electrolyte changes, whether experimentally induced or occurring in disease states, it is also necessary to study the intracellular compartment. Information about changes in intracellular composition in man is usually obtained by analyses from biopsy specimens of muscle (Barnes, Gordon & Cope, 1957), but this can never be a routine procedure. Many workers have analysed erythrocytes (Keitel, Berman, Jones & MacLachlan, 1955), but these are not nucleated and are not typical cells. We therefore decided to investigate the chemical composition of human leucocytes; a preliminary account of this work has already appeared (Roberts & Baron, 1962). To obtain useful information, it is necessary to separate leucocytes from human peripheral blood in sufficient quantity to permit analysis for water, sodium and potassium by standard procedures. The leucocytes must be virtually free from contamination by erythrocytes and platelets, must remain viable, and the conditions of separation must not alter their composition significantly. Maupin (1959) has reviewed methods of separation, none of which satisfy all these criteria. In the present work no attempt has been made to separate the different types of leucocytes, and the criteria enumerated above appear to have been met.
Effect of inter-camera angles on the performance of an H.264/AVC based multi-view video codec

This paper investigates the effect of inter-camera angles on the performance of an H.264/AVC based multi-view video codec. To achieve this, the H.264/AVC software has been modified to support multi-view video coding using its multi-frame reference property. Results were generated using a wide baseline convergent multi-view video data set: Breakdancers. To generate a set of three synchronized multi-view videos from the same scene with different inter-camera angles, all possible three camera combinations are generated and classified according to their inter-camera angles. The resulting set of multi-view videos are coded using H.264/AVC based multi-view and simulcast video codecs at different bitrates. Results demonstrate that the multi-view video codec gives superior coding performance up to 1.2dB compared to that of simulcast coding scheme at low inter-camera angles and it deteriorates as the inter camera angles increase. Finally, a range of inter-camera angles for best use of either multi-view or simulcast coding is determined.
5,7‐dihydroxytryptamine lesions enhance and serotonergic grafts normalize the evoked overflow of acetylcholine in rat hippocampal slices

Adult rats were subjected to intracerebroventricular injections of 5,7‐dihydroxytryptamine (5,7‐DHT; 150 µg) and, 15 days later, to intrahippocampal grafts of fetal raphe cell suspensions. About 11 months later, we assessed baseline and electrically evoked release of tritium ([3H]) in hippocampal slices, preloaded with tritiated ([3H])choline or [3H]serotonin (5‐HT), in the presence or absence of the 5‐HT1B receptor agonist CP‐93,129 and the 5‐HT receptor antagonist methiothepine. HPLC determinations of monoamine concentrations were also performed. The lesions reduced the concentration of 5‐HT (−90%) and the accumulation (−80%) as well as the evoked release (−90%) of [3H]5‐HT. They also decreased the inhibitory effects of CP‐93,129 on the evoked release of [3H]5‐HT. Most interestingly, they facilitated the evoked release of [3H]acetylcholine (+20%). In slices from rats subjected to lesions and grafts, the responsiveness of the serotonergic autoreceptors (presumably located on the terminals of the grafted neurons) and the release of acetylcholine were close to normal. These results confirm that grafts rich in serotonergic neurons may partially compensate for the dramatic effects of 5,7‐DHT lesions on serotonergic hippocampal functions. The lesion‐induced reduction of the 5‐HT1B autoreceptor‐mediated inhibition of evoked 5‐HT release may be an adaptation enhancing serotonergic transmission in the (few) remaining terminals. The facilitated release of acetylcholine is probably caused by a reduced serotonergic tone on the inhibitory 5‐HT1B heteroreceptors of the cholinergic terminals. When related to data in the literature, this facilitation may be of particular interest in terms of transmitter‐based strategies developed to tackle cognitive symptoms related to neurodegenerative diseases.
Analytical model for diode-to-fiber coupling and beam propagation in weakly guiding fibers

We present an analytical model for diode-to-fiber coupling which allows us to simulate the coupling efficiency, possible losses and even predict qualitatively the intensity distribution at the exit facet of the fiber. The simulated results are presented and compared to experimental data and the theoretical results of a ray tracing program. The comparison focuses on a few-modes weakly guiding fiber and the differences between wave optical and geometric optical models.
A Characterization of Actuation Techniques for Generating Movement in Shape-Changing Interfaces

ABSTRACT This article characterizes actuation techniques for generating movement in shape-changing displays with physically reconfigurable geometry. To date, few works in human–computer interaction literature provide detailed and reflective descriptions of the implementation techniques used in shape-changing displays. This hinders the rapid development of novel interactions as researchers must initially spend time understanding technologies before prototyping new interactions and applications. To bridge this knowledge gap, the authors propose a taxonomy that classifies actuator characteristics and simplifies the process for designers to select appropriate technologies that match their requirements for developing shape displays. They scope the investigation to linear actuators that are used in grid configurations. The taxonomy is validated by (a) examining current implementation techniques of motorized, pneumatic, hydraulic, magnetic, and shape-memory actuators in the literature, (b) constructing prototypes to address limited technical details and explore actuator capabilities in depth, (c) describing a use-case scenario through a case study that details the construction of a 10 × 10 actuator shape-display, and (d) a set of guidelines to aid researchers in selecting actuation techniques for shape-changing applications. The significance of their taxonomy is twofold. First, the authors provide an original contribution that enables HCI researchers to appropriately select actuation techniques and build shape-changing applications. This is situated amongst other past works that have investigated broader application scenarios such as a shape-changing vocabulary, a framework for shape transformations, material properties, and technical characteristics of various actuators. Second, they carry out in-depth investigations to validate their taxonomy and expand the knowledge of vertical actuation in shape-changing applications to enable rapid development.
Sigma Profile Database for Predicting Solid Solubility in Pure and Mixed Solvent Mixtures for Organic Pharmacological Compounds with COSMO-Based Thermodynamic Methods

Thermodynamic methods based on COSMO (COnductor-like Screening MOdels), such as COSMO-RS (Real Solvent) and COSMO-SAC (Segment Activity Coefficient), represent significant and recent developments of solvation thermodynamics and computational quantum mechanics. These are a priori prediction methods based on molecular structures and a few parameters that are fixed for all of the compounds. They require no experimental data and rely on sigma profiles specific to each molecule as their only input. A sigma profile is the probability distribution of a molecular surface segment having a specific charge density. Generating sigma profiles by quantum mechanical calculations represents the most time-consuming and computationally expensive aspect of using COSMO-based methods. This article presents a free, web-based VT-2006 Solute Sigma Profile Database for large, pharmaceutical-related solutes, to supplement the published VT-2005 Sigma Profile Database for solvents and small molecules (www.design.che.vt.edu). Togethe.
Verity: a QoS metric for selecting Web services and providers

With the proliferation of Web services, quality of service serves as a benchmark to differentiate the services and their providers. As of today, a wide spectrum of attributes have been identified to account for the quality of a service like availability, reliability, servability, performance, reputation and so on. Reputation has been measured as an average user rating and we argue that the user perception alone is not sufficient to indicate the reputation. It is necessary to measure how trustworthy the provider has been in complying with the agreed levels in the SLA (service level agreement). To quantify the consistency in compliance levels, we introduce a new QoS attribute termed verity and propose an architecture to quantify it. We argue that verity should be taken into account for a quality driven selection and composition of Web services. Reputation, when expressed as a vector of user rating, compliance and verity is a more intuitive indicator of the provider's trustworthiness.
Site-directed Fluorescence Labeling Reveals a Revised N-terminal Membrane Topology and Functional Periplasmic Residues in the Escherichia coli Cell Division Protein FtsK*

Background: FtsK is an essential membrane protein that links chromosome segregation and cell division in bacteria. Results: A revised membrane topology of FtsK highlights a large functional periplasmic loop. Conclusion: Key residues in the newly identified periplasmic loop of FtsK couple division of the cytoplasmic and outer membranes. Significance: FtsK functions as a critical checkpoint for the transition between cell growth and septation. In Escherichia coli, FtsK is a large integral membrane protein that coordinates chromosome segregation and cell division. The N-terminal domain of FtsK (FtsKN) is essential for division, and the C terminus (FtsKC) is a well characterized DNA translocase. Although the function of FtsKN is unknown, it is suggested that FtsK acts as a checkpoint to ensure DNA is properly segregated before septation. This may occur through modulation of protein interactions between FtsKN and other division proteins in both the periplasm and cytoplasm; thus, a clear understanding of how FtsKN is positioned in the membrane is required to characterize these interactions. The membrane topology of FtsKN was initially determined using site-directed reporter fusions; however, questions regarding this topology persist. Here, we report a revised membrane topology generated by site-directed fluorescence labeling. The revised topology confirms the presence of four transmembrane segments and reveals a newly identified periplasmic loop between the third and fourth transmembrane domains. Within this loop, four residues were identified that, when mutated, resulted in the appearance of cellular voids. High resolution transmission electron microscopy of these voids showed asymmetric division of the cytoplasm in the absence of outer membrane invagination or visible cell wall ingrowth. This uncoupling reveals a novel role for FtsK in linking cell envelope septation events and yields further evidence for FtsK as a critical checkpoint of cell division. The revised topology of FtsKN also provides an important platform for future studies on essential interactions required for this process.
Emotion-based music recommendation using supervised learning

Music recommendation systems are well explored and commonly used but are normally based on manually tagged parameters and simple similarity calculation. Our project proposes a recommendation system based on emotional computing, automatic classification and feature extraction, which recommends music based on the emotion expressed by the song. To achieve this goal a set of features is extracted from the song, including the MFCC (mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) following the works of McKinney et al. [6] and a machine learning system is trained on a set of 424 songs, which are categorized by emotion. The categorization of the song is performed manually by multiple persons to avoid error. The emotional categorization is performed using a modified version of the Tellegen-Watson-Clark emotion model [7], as proposed by Trohidis et al. [8]. The System is intended as desktop application that can reliably determine similarities between the main emotion in multiple pieces of music, allowing the user to choose music by emotion. We report our findings below.
Accretion shock stability on a dynamically heated YSO atmosphere with radiative transfer

Theory and simulations predict Quasi-Periodic Oscillations of shocks which develop in magnetically driven accretion funnels connecting the stellar disc to the pho-tosphere of Young Stellar Objects (YSO). X-ray observations however do not show evidence of the expected periodicity. We examine here, in a first attempt, the influence of radiative transfer on the evolution of material impinging on a dynamically heated stellar atmosphere, using the 1D ALE-RHD code ASTROLABE. The mechanical shock heating mechanism of the chromosphere only slightly perturbs the flow. We also show that, since the impacting flow, and especially the part which penetrates into the chromosphere, is not treated as a purely radiating transparent medium, a sufficiently efficient coupling between gas and radiation may affect or even suppress the oscillations of the shocked column. This study shows the importance of the description of the radiation effects in the hydro-dynamics and of the accuracy of the opacities for an adequate modeling.