Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sh2‐205 – II. Quiescent star‐formation activity

We present a study of active star-forming regions in the environs of the H ii region Sh2-205. The analysis is based on data obtained from point source catalogues and images extracted from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) and IRAS surveys. Complementary data are taken from a CO survey. The identification of primary candidates for star-formation activity is made following colour criteria and a correlation with molecular gas emission. A number of star-formation tracer candidates are projected on to two substructures of the H ii region: SH 148.83–0.67 and SH 149.25–0.00. However, the lack of molecular gas related to these structures casts doubt on the nature of the sources. Additional infrared sources may be associated with the H i shell centred at (l, b) = (149°0′, −1°30′). The most striking active area was found in connection with the H ii region LBN 148.11–0.45, where star-formation candidates are projected on to molecular gas. The analytical model of the ‘collect and collapse’ process shows that star-formation activity could have been triggered by the expansion of this H ii region.
International trade : regional and global issues

Preface - Notes on the Contributors - New Realities in International Trade K.Fatemi - PART 1: EUROPEAN ISSUES - Competition in the European Automobile Markets after 1992 F.M. Unsal & S.Richard - Towards a Common Commercial Policy on Automobiles: An Evaluation of the 1991 Accord Between Japan and the EC G.N. Yannopoulos - Is the Globe Shrinking? Psychic Distance and the Establishment of Swedish Sales Subsidiaries During the Last 100 Years K.A. Nordstr m & J-E.Vahlne - PART 2: ASIAN ISSUES - The US Trade Deficit and the Impact of Asian Trade G.E. Burton - Trading Blocs and US-Japan Relations in Pacific Trade and Cooperation J.H.Park - Agricultural Liberalization and Its Implications for US-Japan Trade Relations H.Lee & D.Roland-Holst - PART 3: GLOBAL MANAGEMENT ISSUES - International Acquisitions and the Eclectic Paradigm: Exploring the State of the Art A.Yaprak & D.K. Shaheen - International Trade Policy and Corporate Strategy F.R. Root & K.Visudtibhan - Labour-Force Efficiency and Adjustment Costs H.P.Gray - PART 4: INTERNATIONAL TRADE ISSUES - Epitaph for the Escape Clause? A.E. Eckes - A General Theory of International Trade and Domestic Employment Adjustments E.R. Canterbery - Recent Shifts in Global Countertrade: An Empirical Survey L.L. Blodgett - Bibliography - Index
An autophagy-dependent anticancer immune response determines the efficacy of melanoma chemotherapy

There is ample experimental and clinical evidence that chemotherapies are more efficient if they succeed in (re)activating immune surveillance, hence triggering a long-term immune response against residual tumor cells. Most of the preclinical evidence supporting this notion has been obtained with transplantable cancers, for which it has been shown that chemotherapy-induced autophagy in cancer cells is mandatory for the recruitment of myeloid cells into the tumor bed and the subsequent T lymphocyte-mediated reduction in tumor growth. Here, we characterized the chemotherapeutic response of melanomas caused by 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen-induced expression of the Cre recombinase in melanocytes that results in the activation of oncogenic Braf together with the inactivation of the tumor suppressor Pten, as well as the optional inactivation of the essential autophagy gene Atg7. Systemic chemotherapy with the anthracycline Mitoxantrone (MTX) reduced the growth of autophagy-competent melanomas (genotype: BrafCa/+; Ptenfl/fl; Atg7+/+), yet failed to affect the progression of autophagy-deficient melanomas (genotype: BrafCa/+; Ptenfl/fl; Atg7fl/fl). The growth-inhibitory effect of MTX on autophagy-competent melanomas was abolished by the combined depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes. In conclusion, it appears that the success of chemotherapy against “spontaneous,” genetically induced cancers is governed by the same rules as those applicable to transplantable tumors.
An Overview of Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised Fuzzy Kernel Clustering

For real-world clustering tasks, the input data is typically not easily separable due to the highly complex data structure or when clusters vary in size, density and shape. Kernel-based clustering has proven to be an effective approach to partition such data. In this paper, we provide an overview of several fuzzy kernel clustering algorithms. We focus on methods that optimize an fuzzy C-mean-type objective function. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each method. In addition to the completely unsupervised algorithms, we also provide an overview of some semi-supervised fuzzy kernel clustering algorithms. These algorithms use partial supervision information to guide the optimization process and avoid local minima. We also provide an overview of the different approaches that have been used to extend kernel clustering to handle very large data sets.
A Simple and Efficient Macroeconomic Framework for Asset Allocation

The recent financial and economic crisis highlighted the need for a better understanding of the complex relationship between financial markets and the macroeconomy. Many so-called diversified portfolios performed very badly and faced widespread criticism afterwards. To alleviate the difficulties encountered in the context of the Great Recession, this paper attempts to provide a simple and efficient macroeconomic framework for asset allocation. To this aim, this paper points out the importance of the growth cycle introduced by Mintz (1974) for euro and dollar-based investors. Moreover, Anas and Ferrara (2004) refine the description of different economic phases by jointly considering the classical business cycle and the growth cycle. This article emphasizes how this economic cyclical framework can improve strategic asset allocation choices and that dynamic macro-based regime-switching asset allocations achieve superior risk adjusted returns than static alternative in the euro area and in the United States.
Lifetime behavior and its impact on Web caching

The exponential growth of the World Wide Web has made it the most popular information dissemination tool in the world. The growth necessitates caching, prefetching and replication schemes on the Web to alleviate the Web server load, conserve the network bandwidth and reduce the retrieval latency. At the same time, cache consistency should be maintained to avoid returning stale pages to users. The study on the characteristics of Web documents helps to determine which schemes should be adopted in a specific Web environment. This paper presents characterization of Web documents based on their types and environment classes. Nine Web server traces are used in this paper, and these represent three different classes of Web environments: educational, commercial and news. The results indicate significant differences in static as well as dynamic characteristics of documents types in different Web site classes. The efficiency of caching can be improved if caching priorities and TTL (time to live) preferences are given to certain types of Web documents. We also provide guidelines for the design and development of caching and prefetching techniques that can exploit the Web document characteristics in different environments.
The design cube-a model for VHDL designflow representation

Hardware design under the use of the VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) has to consider three independent property scales that influence the design process from an abstract level to gate level, namely, the design view, the timing aspect, and the value representation. The well-known Y-chart model is not suitable to describe these property scales in a satisfactory way. A new model for the design flow representation with the particular view on VHDL is presented. It is a three-dimensional cube with three coordinates divisions per dimension. Each state of the cube represents a modeling style in VHDL. For the use of more powerful hardware description languages, the cube may be extended to four coordinates per dimension. <<ETX>>
CHIMPS: the $^{13}$CO/C$^{18}$O (J=3-2) Heterodyne Inner Milky Way Plane Survey

We present the $^{13}$CO/C$^{18}$O (J=3-2) Heterodyne Inner Milky Way Plane Survey (CHIMPS) which has been carried out using the Heterodyne Array Receiver Program on the 15 m James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) in Hawaii. The high-resolution spectral survey currently covers |b| < 0.5 deg and 28 < l < 46 deg, with an angular resolution of 15 arcsec in 0.5 km/s velocity channels. The spectra have a median rms of $\sim$ 0.6 K at this resolution, and for optically thin gas at an excitation temperature of 10 K, this sensitivity corresponds to column densities of $N_{\mathrm{H}_{2}} \sim 3 \times 10^{20}\,$cm$^{-2}$ and $N_{\mathrm{H}_{2}} \sim 4 \times 10^{21}\,$cm$^{-2}$ for $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O, respectively. The molecular gas that CHIMPS traces is at higher column densities and is also more optically thin than in other publicly available CO surveys due to its rarer isotopologues, and thus more representative of the three-dimensional structure of the clouds. The critical density of the J=3-2 transition of CO is $\gtrsim 10^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$ at temperatures of $\leq 20$ K, and so the higher density gas associated with star formation is well traced. These data complement other existing Galactic plane surveys, especially the JCMT Galactic Plane Survey which has similar spatial resolution and column density sensitivity, and the Herschel infrared Galactic Plane Survey. In this paper, we discuss the observations, data reduction and characteristics of the survey, presenting integrated emission maps for the region covered. Position-velocity diagrams allow comparison with Galactic structure models of the Milky Way, and while we find good agreement with a particular four arm model, there are some significant deviations.
Discovery of a new Y dwarf: WISE J030449.03−270508.3

We present a new Y dwarf, WISE J030449.03-270508.3, confirmed from a candidate sample designed to pick out low temperature objects from the WISE database. The new object is typed Y0pec following a visual comparison with spectral standards, and lies at a likely distance of 10-17 pc. Its tangential velocity suggests thin disk membership, but it shows some spectral characteristics that suggest it may be metalpoor and/or older than previously identified Y0 dwarfs. Based on trends seen for warmer late type T dwarfs, the Y -band flux peak morphology is indicative of subsolar metallicity, and the enhanced red wing of the J-band flux peak offers evidence for high gravity and/or low metallicity (with associated model trends suggesting an age closer to �10 Gyr and mass in the range 0.02-0.03 M⊙). This object may thus be extending the population parameter-space of the known Y0 dwarfs.
NMDA Receptor-Dependent Metaplasticity by High-Frequency Magnetic Stimulation

High-frequency magnetic stimulation (HFMS) can elicit N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) at Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal cell synapses. Here, we investigated the priming effect of HFMS on the subsequent magnitude of electrically induced LTP in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices using field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) recordings. In control slices, electrical high-frequency conditioning stimulation (CS) could reliably induce LTP. In contrast, the same CS protocol resulted in long-term depression when HFMS was delivered to the slice 30 min prior to the electrical stimulation. HFMS-priming was diminished when applied in the presence of the metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists (RS)-α-methylserine-O-phosphate (MSOP) and (RS)-α-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG). Moreover, when HFMS was delivered in the presence of the NMDA receptor-antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (50 µM), CS-induced electrical LTP was again as high as under control conditions in slices without priming. These results demonstrate that HFMS significantly reduced the propensity of subsequent electrical LTP and show that both metabotropic glutamate and NMDA receptor activation were involved in this form of HFMS-induced metaplasticity.
P(VDF-TrFE)/Al2O3 piezoelectric nanocomposite thin films

Alumina nanoparticles were incorporated into copolymer of vinylidene difluoride and trifluoroethylene (P(VDF-TrFE)) to form nanocomposite. Thin films were prepared on silicon wafers and some acoustic, optical and mechanical properties were studied by Brillouin spectroscopy. The morphology of the polymer and the dispersion quality of the nanoparticles were observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. The refractive index was shown to be relatively constant with the concentration of nanoparticles. The acoustic wave velocity and the elastic constant of the material increase linearly with weight percentage of nanoparticles. Such improvement in material properties might be attributed to the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl groups of the surface of alumina nanoparticles and the copolymer matrix.
Space-Time Joint Multi-layer Segmentation and Depth Estimation

Video-based segmentation and reconstruction techniques are predominantly extensions of techniques developed for the image domain treating each frame independently. These approaches ignore the temporal information contained in input videos which can lead to incoherent results. We propose a framework for joint segmentation and reconstruction which explicitly enforces temporal consistency by formulating the problem as an energy minimisation generalised to groups of frames. The main idea is to use optical flow in combination with a confidence measure to impose robust temporal smoothness constraints. Optimisation is performed using recent advances in the field of graph-cuts combined with practical considerations to reduce run-time and memory consumption. Experimental results with real sequences containing rapid motion demonstrate that the method is able to improve spatio-temporal coherence both in terms of segmentation and reconstruction without introducing any degradation in regions where optical flow fails due to fast motion.
Nonlinear dynamics of filaments. III. Instabilities of helical rods

The time‐dependent Kirchhoff equations for thin elastic rods are used to study the linear stability of twisted helical rods with intrinsic curvature and twist. Using a newly developed perturbation scheme, we derive the general dispersion relations governing the stability of various helical configurations. We show that helices with no terminal forces are always dynamically stable. We also compute the most stable helical shape against twist perturbations and show that different unstable modes can be excited in different regions of the parameter space and can sometimes coexist. The linearly unstable modes are computed and explicit forms are given.
Energy Efficiency as an Orchestration Service for Mobile Internet of Things

This paper proposes a novel power management solution for resource-constrained devices in the context of Internet of Things (IoT). We focus on smartphones in the IoT, as they are getting increasingly popular and equipped with strong sensing capabilities. Smartphones have complex and asynchronous power consumption incurred by heterogeneous components including their on-board sensors. Their interaction with the cloud allows them to offload computation tasks and access remote data storage. In this work, we aim at monitoring the power consumption behaviours of the smartphones, profiling both individual applications and the system as a whole, to make better decisions in power management. We design a cloud orchestration architecture as an epic predictor of behaviours of smart devices by extracting their application characteristics and resource utilization. We design and implement this architecture to perform energy profiling and data analysis on massive data logs. This cloud orchestration architecture coordinates a number of cloud-based services and supports dynamic workflows between service components, which can reduce energy consumption in the energy profiling process itself. Experimental results showed that small portion of applications dominate the energy consumption of smartphones. Heuristic profiling can effectively reduce energy consumption in data logging and communications without scarifying the accuracy of power monitoring.
Positive Factors at Work : The First Report of the Nordic Project

Positive psychology investigates the positive aspects of human life. Positive psychologists contend that it is difficult to understand the factors that create health, balance and meaningful lives through studying sickness, dissatisfaction and suffering. Accordingly, positive psychology represents a turn for a more positive approach to psychology. The ideas of positive psychology are also applicable within the sphere of work and organisational psychology. It is a central contention of this report that positive psychology may provide interesting answers to some of the challenges that are confronting the Nordic welfare states in the years ahead. The aim of this report is to give a theoretical and methodological overview of existing Nordic research about positive factors at work. The report contains a series of operationalised concepts that measure positive factors at work. These measures of positive factors at work are brought together in a theoretical model that the authors of this report will use as a starting point for further research into positive psychology at work in a Nordic context. This research has been funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers.
X-ROS Signaling: Rapid Mechano-Chemo Transduction in Heart

Reactive oxygen species produced by NADPH oxidase link mechanical stretching to calcium signaling in mammalian myocytes. We report that in heart cells, physiologic stretch rapidly activates reduced-form nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 2 (NOX2) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a process dependent on microtubules (X-ROS signaling). ROS production occurs in the sarcolemmal and t-tubule membranes where NOX2 is located and sensitizes nearby ryanodine receptors (RyRs) in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This triggers a burst of Ca2+ sparks, the elementary Ca2+ release events in heart. Although this stretch-dependent “tuning” of RyRs increases Ca2+ signaling sensitivity in healthy cardiomyocytes, in disease it enables Ca2+ sparks to trigger arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves. In the mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hyperactive X-ROS signaling contributes to cardiomyopathy through aberrant Ca2+ release from the SR. X-ROS signaling thus provides a mechanistic explanation for the mechanotransduction of Ca2+ release in the heart and offers fresh therapeutic possibilities.
Tail shortening by virtual symbols in FBMC-OQAM signals

Filter bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) signaling offers almost the full spectral efficiency (one complex symbol per unit area in the time-frequency plane) for long data packets. However, because of the ramp-up and ramp-down of the waveform at the beginning and the end of each packet, its spectral efficiency can drop significantly in short packets/data bursts. In this paper, we propose a novel method that shortens the ramp-up and ramp-down of FBMC-OQAM signals by appending a few virtual symbols at the beginning and the end of each packet and subsequently applying a time window. Simulation results show that the proposed method has a much improved error vector magnitude (EVM) and similar out-of-band (OOB) emission performance, when compared with a truncation method through a similar window, but without transmitting virtual symbols.
The i-Walker: an intelligent pedestrian mobility aid

In this paper we focus on the development of an intelligent pedestrian mobility aid that we call i-Walker for elders. This target population includes, but is not limited to, persons with low vision, visual field neglect, spasticity, tremors, and cognitive deficits. SHARE-it will provide an Agent-based Intelligent Decision Support System to aid the elders.
Exploring social ties for enhanced device-to-device communications in wireless networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communications is seen as a major technology to overcome the imminent wireless capacity crunch and to enable novel application services. In this paper, we propose a novel, social-aware approach for optimizing D2D communications by exploiting two network layers: the social network and the physical, wireless network. First we formulate the physical layer D2D network according to users' encounter histories. Subsequently, we propose a novel approach, based on the so-called Indian Buffet Process, so as to model the distribution of contents in users' online social networks. Given the online and offline social relations collected by the Evolved Node B, we jointly optimize the traffic offload process in D2D communication. Simulation results show that the proposed approach offload the traffic of Evolved Node B successfully.
Significant expansion of exon-bordering protein domains during animal proteome evolution

We present evidence of remarkable genome-wide mobility and evolutionary expansion for a class of protein domains whose borders locate close to the borders of their encoding exons. These exon-bordering domains are more numerous and widely distributed in the human genome than other domains. They also co-occur with more diverse domains to form a larger variety of domain architectures in human proteins. A systematic comparison of nine animal genomes from nematodes to mammals revealed that exon-bordering domains expanded faster than other protein domains in both abundance and distribution, as well as the diversity of co-occurring domains and the domain architectures of harboring proteins. Furthermore, exon-bordering domains exhibited a particularly strong preference for class 1-1 intron phase. Our findings suggest that exon-bordering domains were amplified and interchanged within a genome more often and/or more successfully than other domains during evolution, probably the result of extensive exon shuffling and gene duplication events. The diverse biological functions of these domains underscore the important role they play in the expansion and diversification of animal proteomes.
The BD Onclarity HPV Assay on Samples Collected in SurePath Medium Meets the International Guidelines for Human Papillomavirus Test Requirements for Cervical Screening

ABSTRACT This study describes a validation of the BD Onclarity HPV (Onclarity) assay using the international guidelines for HPV test requirements for cervical cancer screening of women 30 years old and older using Danish SurePath screening samples. The clinical specificity (0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.88 to 0.91) and sensitivity (0.97, 95% CI = 0.87 to 1.0) of the Onclarity assay were shown to be not inferior to the reference assay (specificity, 0.90 [95% CI = 0.88 to 0.92]; sensitivity, 0.98 [95% CI = 0.91 to 1.0]). The intralaboratory reproducibility of Onclarity was 97%, with a lower confidence bound of 96% (kappa value, 0.93). The interlaboratory agreement was 97%, with a lower confidence bound of 95% (kappa value, 0.92). The BD Onclarity HPV assay fulfills all the international guidelines for a new HPV test to be used in primarily screening. This is the first clinical validation of a new HPV assay using SurePath screening samples, and thus the Onclarity HPV assay is the first HPV assay to hold an international validation for both SurePath and ThinPrep.