Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Controversies Regarding the Utility of Lymphadenectomy in Endometrial Cancer

The value of lymphadenectomy (LND) in the management of endometrial cancer remains controversial. Although it is required for the surgical staging of the disease (FIGO 2009) and its prognostic value is indisputable, its therapeutic benefit remains a matter of debate. Furthermore, systematic pelvic (PLND) and para-aortic lymphadenectomy (PaLND) cause morbidity, even when performed using minimally invasive surgical techniques. A reliable means of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping may be the way forward. In this chapter we review the literature surrounding this topic, identify areas for research and suggest a pragmatic approach to managing this dilemma.
Precursors linked via the zipper-like structure or the filopodium during the secondary fusion of osteoclasts

We previously reported the transient appearance of an actin superstructure, called the zipper-like structure, during the primary fusion (fusion of mononuclear precursors) and the secondary fusion (fusion of multinucleated cells) of osteoclasts. Here, we focus on the actin-based superstructures that link two precursor cells during the secondary fusion event. In one type of secondary fusion, the osteoclasts transformed the podosome belts into the zipper-like structure at the site of cell contact and the apposed plasma membranes in the zipper-like structure attached to each other via a discontinuous interface. In another type of secondary fusion, the osteoclasts used a filopodium-like protrusion that linked the two cells. Both types of cell fusion required a lag period between the adhesion of the cells and the fusion of cell bodies. Thus, the secondary fusion of osteoclasts uses actin-based superstructures for cell-cell interactions before the definitive fusion of the plasma membranes.
Fun in the Philippines: Automatic Identification and Sentiment Analysis of Tourism-Related Tweets

With the growing use of social media in the Philippines, tourism-related user-generated content is readily available. As a growing hub of tourism and culture, this could be particularly useful to the country. However, a large amount of this data has gone unanalyzed. This study discusses and develops a way that could help bridge that gap using automated tourism-related tweet identification with Support Vector Machines and sentiment analysis with Naïve Bayes. F-scores of 0.943 and 0.81 were obtained by these components respectively, with the overall system obtaining an accuracy of 84%. Mapbox was used for visualization, with tweets plotted based on their geolocations and sentiments. This study can be used as a way of gathering tweets from the Philippines, identifying which could be relevant in terms of tourism information and presenting these in a way that could be useful and easy to understand and interpret.
Sublinear time, measurement-optimal, sparse recovery for all

An approximate sparse recovery system in l1 norm makes a small number of measurements of a noisy vector with at most k large entries and recovers those heavy hitters approximately. Formally, it consists of parameters N, k, e, an m-by-N measurement matrix, φ, and a decoding algorithm, D. Given a vector, x, where xk denotes the optimal k-term approximation to x, the system approximates x by [EQUATION], which must satisfy [EQUATION] Among the goals in designing such systems are minimizing the number m of measurements and the runtime of the decoding algorithm, D. We consider the "forall" model, in which a single matrix φ, possibly "constructed" non-explicitly using the probabilistic method, is used for all signals x. Many previous papers have provided algorithms for this problem. But all such algorithms that use the optimal number m = O(k log(N/k)) of measurements require superlinear time Ω(N log(N/k)). In this paper, we give the first algorithm for this problem that uses the optimum number of measurements (up to constant factors) and runs in sublinear time o(N) when k is sufficiently less than N. Specifically, for any positive integer l, our approach uses time O(l5e-3k(N/k)1/l) and uses m = O(l8e-3k log(N/k)) measurements, with access to a data structure requiring space and preprocessing time O(lNk0.2/e).
Leveraging paraprofessionals and family strengths to improve coverage and penetration of nutrition and early child development services

Children need to be protected in intergenerational networks, with parents who have positive mood, resources to feed their children, and skills to promote early childhood development (ECD). Globally, more than 200 million children are raised annually without these resources. This article reviews the potential contributions of increasing coverage and penetration of services for these children, challenges to achieving penetration of services in high‐risk families, opportunities created by bundling multiple services within one provider, potential leveraging of paraprofessionals to deliver care, and mobilizing communities to support children in households at high risk for negative outcomes. We end with a number of suggestions for how to ensure the equitable scale‐up of integrated ECD and nutrition services that take into account current global priorities, as well as coverage and penetration of services.
MPACT OF M ULTIPLE DG S ON U NBALANCED R ADIAL D ISTRIBUTION S YSTEMS

Distributed generation is expected to play an increasing role in emerging power systems. Recent developments in the electric power and power supply industries have raised a great deal of interest in distributed power generation (DG). Recently the number of distributed generators being integrated into the distribution system has increased. Such distributed generators can reduce distribution power loss if they are placed appropriately in the distribution system. This paper presents the three phase unbalanced power flow algorithm with the choice of DG modeling. The mathematical model of DG is developed and integrated into the proposed power flow method. This paper also includes modeling of lines, transformers, capacitors, and loads.DGs are introduced in the IEEE 13-node test case, 37 –node test case and the results demonstrate the effect the DGs have on power loss.
Experimental Induction of Self-Concept

Twenty-eight male and female Central Pennsylvania third-graders participated in a study of the effects of induced self-concept. Group I Ss (N = 14) were administered Items 1 to 40 of the Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale followed by a mathematics test. The children were then administered Items 41 to 80 of the self-concept scale after being told that they had made high scores on the mathematics test. Group II Ss (N = 14) were administered the same tests but were told that their performance on the mathematics test was not adequate. The results showed that Group I Ss' scores on the self-concept scale did not change while Group II Ss' scores decreased. Discrepancies in the children's expected and reported performances on the mathematics test may have affected their subsequent self-concept ratings.
A Novel Method for Event Recommendation in Meetup

In recent years, social networks that only organize events have begun to appear and millions of people have registered for these groups online and received online invitations for events. Contrary to other social networks, at the end of the process in the event social networks, people participate in an event/a meeting physically. Even though hundreds of events occurring in the city we live are listed in the event social networks, it is not easy to follow all of the event announcements regularly, find the time and the content of the events and the events which acquaintances participate in. This study suggests a new link prediction method for the Meetup social network, which recommends events to users according to the events they participated in and their field of interests. Meetup is a significant network used in finding events. With this method, appropriate solutions are tried to be found on bipartite networks. The proposed method was tested with a dataset of 100.000 users acquired from Meetup and successful results were obtained.
Structure and dynamics of carbon nanoscrolls

Carbon nanotube scrolls (CNSs) provide an interesting form of carbon that ideally consists of a single sheet of graphite that is spiral wrapped to form a nanotube. We here use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate CNS formation, stability, and the structural effects due to charge injection. CNS formation is seen to automatically occur when a critical overlap between sheet layers is achieved for the partially curled sheet. We find that charge injection causes unwinding of the CNSs, which might be important for the application of CNSs as nanomechanical actuators.
Performance effects of acute β-alanine induced paresthesia in competitive cyclists

Abstract β-alanine is a common ingredient in supplements consumed by athletes. Indeed, athletes may believe that the β-alanine induced paresthesia, experienced shortly after ingestion, is associated with its ergogenic effect despite no scientific mechanism supporting this notion. The present study examined changes in cycling performance under conditions of β-alanine induced paresthesia. Eight competitive cyclists (VO2max = 61.8 ± 4.2 mL·kg·min−1) performed three practices, one baseline and four experimental trials. The experimental trials comprised a 1-km cycling time trial under four conditions with varying information (i.e., athlete informed β-alanine or placebo) and supplement content (athlete received β-alanine or placebo) delivered to the cyclist: informed β-alanine/received β-alanine, informed placebo/received β-alanine, informed β-alanine/received placebo and informed placebo/received placebo. Questionnaires were undertaken exploring the cyclists’ experience of the effects of the experimental conditions. A possibly likely increase in mean power was associated with conditions in which β-alanine was administered (±95% CL: 2.2% ± 4.0%), but these results were inconclusive for performance enhancement (p = 0.32, effect size = 0.18, smallest worthwhile change = 56% beneficial). A possibly harmful effect was observed when cyclists were correctly informed that they had ingested a placebo (–1.0% ± 1.9%). Questionnaire data suggested that β-alanine ingestion resulted in evident sensory side effects and six cyclists reported placebo effects. Acute ingestion of β-alanine is not associated with improved 1-km TT performance in competitive cyclists. These findings are in contrast to the athlete’s “belief” as cyclists reported improved energy and the ability to sustain a higher power output under conditions of β-alanine induced paresthesia.
GRecon: A Method for the Lipid Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins**

Membrane proteins account for about 20–30 % of the protein-encoding genes in the genomes of all living organisms.2 Their fundamental importance in human health and disease is underlined by the fact that many drugs in current use act on them.3 Functional and structural studies of membrane proteins are therefore of increasing importance but more difficult and demanding than studies with soluble proteins, because membrane proteins function in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. For in vitro studies, the proteins are first extracted from the membrane by detergent solubilization and then purified in detergent solution. Sensitive membrane proteins are often unstable in detergent solution, but quite stable once they are reconstituted into a lipid bilayer. Moreover, many membrane proteins require a lipid environment for activity. The reconstitution process, in which detergent is replaced by lipid, must be carefully controlled, as otherwise the proteins tend to denature and aggregate.4
Analysis of gene expression in the developing mouse retina

In the visual system, differential gene expression underlies development of the anterior–posterior and dorsal–ventral axes. Here we present the results of a microarray screen to identify genes differentially expressed in the developing retina. We assayed gene expression in nasal (anterior), temporal (posterior), dorsal, and ventral embryonic mouse retina. We used a statistical method to estimate gene expression between different retina regions. Genes were clustered according to their expression pattern and were ranked within each cluster. We identified groups of genes expressed in gradients or with restricted patterns of expression as verified by in situ hybridization. A common theme for the identified genes is the differential expression in the dorsal-ventral axis. By analyzing gene expression patterns, we provide insight into the molecular organization of the developing retina.
On-line Evolutionary Head Pose Measurement by Feedforward Stereo Model Matching

This paper presents a method to estimate the 3D pose of a human's head using two images input from stereo cameras. The proposed method utilizes an evolutionary search technique of genetic algorithm (GA) and a fitness evaluation based on a stereo model matching. To improve the dynamics of recognition, a motion-feedforward method is proposed for the hand-eye system. The effectiveness of the method is confirmed by the experiments where the motion of the hand-eye camera compensated for the relative motion of the object in camera frame, resulting robust recognition against the hand-eye motion
Theoretical prediction of induction period from transient pore evolvement in polyester-based microparticles.

A model was developed and compared to experimental results for prediction of the induction period during drug delivery from various compositions of biodegradable copolymer PLGA microparticles. The uniqueness of this model is that it considers transient pore evolvement and uses the kinetic parameters of polymer degradation, which are independent of experimental measurements of microparticle erosion, in its analysis. Delivery data from PLGA microparticles (50:50, 75:25, and 85:15) releasing ovalbumin (OVA, 46 kDa) and bovine serum albumin (BSA, 66 kDa) were determined and used as the model systems. Experimental measurements were carried out from 85 to 150 days depending on the PLGA characteristics. The predicted induction periods were approximately 45, 70, and 105 days for the release of both OVA and BSA from 50:50, 75:25, and 85:15 PLGA microparticles, respectively. Overall, these values were in very good agreement with experimentally estimated results.
Camera Shutter-Independent Registration and Rectification

Inevitable camera motion during exposure does not augur well for free-hand photography. Distortions introduced in images can be of different types and mainly depend on the structure of the scene, the nature of camera motion, and the shutter mechanism of the camera. In this paper, we address the problem of registering images taken from global shutter and rolling shutter cameras and reveal the constraints on camera motion that admit registration, change detection, and rectification. Our analysis encompasses degradations arising from camera motion during exposure and differences in shutter mechanisms. We also investigate conditions under which camera motions causing distortions in reference and target image can be decoupled to yield the underlying latent image through RS rectification. We validate our approach using several synthetic and real examples.
Protecting smart phones by means of execution replication

Smartphones have come to resemble PCs in software complexity, with complexity usually leading to bugs and vulnerabilities. Moreover, as smartphones are increasingly used for financial transactions and other privacysensitive tasks, they are becoming attractive targets for attackers. Unfortunately, smartphones are quite different from PCs in terms of resource constraints imposed on the design of protection mechanisms, as battery power is an extremely scarce resource. As a consequence, security solutions designed for PCs may not be directly applicable to smartphones, as they may reduce battery lifetime significantly. Worse, as no single protection mechanism offers 100% security, it may be desirable to tighten up security further by applying multiple security solutions at the same time, thus increasing attack coverage and accuracy. Doing so exacerbates the problem. In this paper, we explore a design where the detection of attacks is almost completely decoupled from the phone. We propose an architecture where all detection mechanisms are placed on a separate, looselysynchronised security server which hosts one or more exact replicas of the smartphone. As the security server is not subject to the battery power constraint, we can apply a host of expensive detection techniques that would otherwise be too heavy-weight to ever consider implementing on the actual phone. We evaluate an implementation of the architecture on the HTC Dream / Android G1 phone platform and show that the overhead, in terms of computation and power consumption, is acceptable, even though we are applying extremely heavy-weight attack detection techniques based on dynamic taint analysis.
Submucosal injection solution for gastrointestinal tract endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have provided new alternatives for minimally invasive treatment of gastrointestinal adenomas and early-stage cancers that involve a minimum risk of lymph-node metastasis. The use of submucosal injections is essential to the success of these endoscopic resection techniques. The “ideal” submucosal injection solution should provide a sufficiently high submucosal fluid cushion for safe and effective EMRs and ESDs while also preserving lesion tissue for accurate histopathological assessment. In the past, normal saline (NS) solution was commonly used for this purpose, but it is difficult to achieve the proper submucosal elevation and maintain the desired height with NS. Therefore, other safe and effective facilitative submucosal injection solutions have been developed that also take into account relevant cost-benefit considerations. This review examines recent advances in the development of effective submucosal injection solutions for use during endoscopic resections.
Optical and physical properties of Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped tellurite fibers

In this work we present results of physical and optical properties of Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glasses and fibers. The Double Clad Tellurite Fibers (DCTFs) are based on glasses with the composition: TeO2-WO3-Nb2O5-Na2O-Al2O3-Er2O3-Yb2O3. The DCTFs were fabricated by using the rod-in-tube technique and a Heathway drawing tower. The optical absorption spectra (ranging from 350 to 1750 nm) of these fibers were measured using an Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA). The emission spectra, around 1550 nm band, of these fibers (lengths varying from 1 to 60 cm) were obtained by using a 980nm diode laser pump. The optimal Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) spectra were observed for fiber lengths ranging from 2 to 6 cm. The Er 3+/Yb3+ co-doped DCTFs show an efficient up-conversion process in comparison with the Er3+-doped DCTF.
Vacancy-dislocation interaction energies in MgO

Abstract Calculations based on an atomistic model have been carried out to determine interaction energies of cation and anion vacancies in a region approximately 26 by 46 (where 6 is the magnitude of the dislocation's Burgers vector) surrounding an α/2 [110] edge dislocation in a model MgO crystal. The atomistic results are compared to predictions of a model based on linear isotropic elasticity theory. Throughout most of the core region investigated, the atomistic results differ both qualitatively and quantitatively from the predictions of the linear elastic model. At the furthest defect separation distances investigated, the predictions of the two theories show qualitative—though generally not quantitative—agreement. The variation of the interaction energy as a function of local equilibrium vacancy position from the centre of the dislocation is complex, depending on both angle, θ, and defect separation, R. Ignoring the θ-dependence, the steepest part of the spatial variation of the binding energy has an .
Global Sensitivity Analysis for Repeated Measures Studies with Informative Drop-out

We present a global sensitivity analysis methodology for drawing inference about the mean at the final scheduled visit in a repeated measures study with informative drop-out. We review and critique the sensitivity frameworks developed by Rotnitzky et al. (1998, 2001) and Daniels and Hogan (2008). We identify strengths and weaknesses of these approaches and propose an alternative. We illustrate our approach via a comprehensive analysis of the RIS-INT-3 trial.
Moisture-induced interfacial delamination growth in plastic IC packages during solder reflow

Very small defects may exist at interfaces in IC packages due to random factors, manufacturing faults or contamination. During solder reflow, these defects give rise to stress concentrations due to thermal mismatch between the materials forming the interface and to the development of hygrostresses from moisture absorption in the plastic encapsulant. In this paper, the mechanics of interfacial delamination will be discussed and a methodology presented for analysing moisture-induced delamination growth during solder reflow. This paper also describes an experimental study which verified the methodology. In this experimental study, plastic packages which were fabricated with a known internal delamination, were divided into 3 groups and subjected to 3 different levels of moisture preconditioning, namely fully dry, 85/spl deg/C/60%RH and 85/spl deg/C/85%RH. Packages from each group were then subjected to oven temperatures varying from 180/spl deg/C to 230/spl deg/C in increments of 5/spl deg/C. Examining the specimens using a scanning acoustic microscope, the temperature at which delamination propagation occurred was determined and compared with that predicted using mixed-mode interfacial delamination mechanics. Generally good agreement was obtained. The growth of the delamination could be explained in terms of the variation of hygrothermal stress intensity factor and interface toughness with crack length.
A configurable 5-D packet classification engine with 4Mpacket/s throughput for high-speed data networking

Packet classification is critical in data networking. The object is to identify the highest priority rule that applies to an incoming packet. The rules are typically defined as arbitrary ranges over multiple fields of the packet header (e.g., destination/source address, dest/src port, etc.) and each rule specifies operations to be performed on a particular category of packets (assigning quality of service, route-pinning, firewall functions etc.). Matching algorithms implemented in software cannot keep up with ever-increasing data rates. Brute force comparison hardware is infeasible. To support 500 five-dimensional rules, at 4Mpackets/s throughput, 20B comparisons/s are needed. A processor is described which implements the proposed range-matching algorithm, exploiting the fact that N ranges can create at most 2N+1 non-overlapping intervals. For each such interval the rules that cover it are ordered by priority and stored in a bitmap array. The processor is realised in a 4-layer 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS process and operates at a clock frequency of 66 MHz using a 3.3 V supply.