Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adolescent and Adult Circadian Rhythm Activity Modulated Differently Following Chronic Methylphenidate Administration

Methylphenidate is one of the most common pharmaceutical treatments for Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). It is also gaining popularity as a cognitive enhancement and recreational substance. The current study assesses the long-term effects of methylphenidate (MPD) on the circadian rhythm activity pattern of adolescent and adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The experiment lasted for 11 days of non-stop recording, the evaluation was divided into 4 phases: acute, induction, washout, and expression phases. Circadian rhythm changes in each phase were compared between the adolescent and adult rats using the following parameters MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm) or average activity, amplitude (distance from MESOR to the peak activity), and acrophase (time at which peak amplitude occurs). Overall, more significant changes in circadian rhythm pattern among adult rats were observed as compared to adolescent rats. As the circadian rhythm governs the diurnal locomotor activity pattern, changes in the locomotor pattern induced by chronic treatment MPD indicate that the drug exerts a long-term effect on the circadian rhythm.
IMPROVING THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS� ENGLISH SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH STORYTELLING

The purposes of this research are to find out; 1) how to improve English speaking ability of the tenth grade students at Harapan-I Medan through the application of storytelling method, and 2) how the students� responses to storytelling as a learning method. This research was a Classroom Action Research applying Kemmis McTaggart Model. �The research was done in two cycles in which each cycle consists of four stages: plans, actions, observations, and reflections. The subjects in this research were students of Grade X-6 of Senior High School Harapan-I Medan. The object of this study was the application of the Storytelling method to improve the students� English speaking ability. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the percentage of completeness from pre-action, Cycle-I, and Cycle-II increased at Senior High School Harapan-I Medan. The percentage of student�s completeness in pre-action was 27%, in the Cycle-I was 47%, and in the Cycle-II was 70%. There was a significant increase (43%) from pre-action, cycle-I, and cycle-II. In addition, students� enthusiasm, courage, and activity have also increased. Thus, it can be concluded that storytelling method has improved the speaking ability of the tenth grade students of Senior High School Harapan-I Medan and increased their response, enthusiasm, courage, and activity to speak English.Keywords: speaking ability; English; storytelling; folklore; classroom action research.
How to Generate Image Dataset based on 3D Model and Deep Learning Method

Performances of computer vision tasks have been drastically improved after applying deep learning. Such object recognition, object segmentation, object tracking, and others have been approached to the super-human level. Most of the algorithms were trained by using supervised learning. In general, the performance of computer vision is improved by increasing the size of the data. The collected data was labeled and used as a data set of the YOLO algorithm. In this paper, we propose a data set generation method using Unity which is one of the 3D engines. The proposed method makes it easy to obtain the data necessary for learning. We classify 2D polymorphic objects and test them against various data using a deep learning model. In the classification using CNN and VGG-16, 90% accuracy was achieved. And we used Tiny-YOLO of YOLO algorithm for object recognition and we achieved 78% accuracy. Finally, we compared in terms of virtual and real environments it showed a result of 97 to 99 percent for each accuracy.
Monte Carlo Methods to Numerically Simulate Signals Reflecting the Microvascular Perfusion

Figueiras Edite1, Requicha Ferreira Luis F.1, De Mul Frits F.M. 2 and Humeau Anne3 1Faculty of Sciences and Technology of Coimbra University, Physics Department, Instrumentation Center (GEI-CI), Coimbra, 2previously at University of Twente, Department of Applied Physics, Biomedical Optics Group, Enschede, 3Laboratoire d'Ingenierie des Systemes Automatises (LISA), University of Angers, Angers, 1Portugal 2The Netherlands 3France
Probing of Exosites Leads to Novel Inhibitor Scaffolds of HCV NS3/4A Proteinase

Background Hepatitis C is a treatment-resistant disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome is a single-stranded RNA molecule. After infection of the host cell, viral RNA is translated into a polyprotein that is cleaved by host and viral proteinases into functional, structural and non-structural, viral proteins. Cleavage of the polyprotein involves the viral NS3/4A proteinase, a proven drug target. HCV mutates as it replicates and, as a result, multiple emerging quasispecies become rapidly resistant to anti-virals, including NS3/4A inhibitors. Methodology/Principal Findings To circumvent drug resistance and complement the existing anti-virals, NS3/4A inhibitors, which are additional and distinct from the FDA-approved telaprevir and boceprevir α-ketoamide inhibitors, are required. To test potential new avenues for inhibitor development, we have probed several distinct exosites of NS3/4A which are either outside of or partially overlapping with the active site groove of the proteinase. For this purpose, we employed virtual ligand screening using the 275,000 compound library of the Developmental Therapeutics Program (NCI/NIH) and the X-ray crystal structure of NS3/4A as a ligand source and a target, respectively. As a result, we identified several novel, previously uncharacterized, nanomolar range inhibitory scaffolds, which suppressed of the NS3/4A activity in vitro and replication of a sub-genomic HCV RNA replicon with a luciferase reporter in human hepatocarcinoma cells. The binding sites of these novel inhibitors do not significantly overlap with those of α-ketoamides. As a result, the most common resistant mutations, including V36M, R155K, A156T, D168A and V170A, did not considerably diminish the inhibitory potency of certain novel inhibitor scaffolds we identified. Conclusions/Significance Overall, the further optimization of both the in silico strategy and software platform we developed and lead compounds we identified may lead to advances in novel anti-virals.
An exploratory study of psychiatric symptoms in intellectually disabled people with and without a known history of sexual abuse

Current research shows that people with intellectual disabilities display psychiatric symptoms which are often similar to those found in the general population. Furthermore, some literature has found that psychiatric difficulties in the intellectually disabled population can manifest in atypical forms which differ from those exhibited in the general population. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in the intellectually disabled population in South Africa. This particular study formed part of a larger project looking at trauma in a sample of intellectually disabled people. The PAS-ADD Checklist, which consists of two sections, was administered to a sample of caregivers of intellectually disabled people with and without a known history of sexual abuse. The data was analysed using non-parametric statistical tests. The first section of the instrument focused on the potentially traumatic life events that were reported by the caregivers and it was found that the group of individuals with a history of sexual assault had experienced more of these in comparison with the control group. The second section consisted of statements which were designed to elicit psychiatric symptoms on three subscales namely, possible organic condition, affective or neurotic disorder and psychotic disorder. The results showed that the total sample had a fairly high overall prevalence rate of psychiatric symptoms. In particular, the group with a History of Sexual Abuse obtained significantly higher scores on the affective/neurotic subscale when compared with the control group. There were also significant differences between the groups on the organic condition with the History of Sexual Abuse Group showing a higher prevalence of symptoms. The groups also differed on the psychotic disorder with the group who had a History of Sexual Abuse obtaining a higher score, although this was not statistically significant. The implications of the findings suggest that people with an intellectual disability who have a History of Sexual Abuse display an increased rate of psychiatric symptoms, particularly on the affective/neurotic spectrum. Whilst the findings generated from this study are in line with much of the international literature around the relationship between potentially traumatic life events and a high prevalence of affective symptoms in the intellectually disabled population, there is still a dearth of research in this area in South Africa. Un ive rsi ty Of C ap e T ow n
Multi-modal scene categorization using multi-tasks learning

The combination of standard visible RGB channels and near infrared (NIR) information has been observed to perform better than RGB-only data in the scene categorization task. However, RGB-NIR data are limited due to the collection difficulties. With limited data, it is hard for most deep networks to learn an effective solution, while humans are able to solve such kind of problem within a little of exercises. It may be because we are able to learn prior knowledge from other tasks or a good mentor and these knowledge is helpful. Inspired by this hypothesis, a new training scheme is proposed in order to introduce the prior knowledge into the intermediate layers of network. First of all, transfer learning is adopted to learn single modal features from related tasks. Then a knowledge distillation method is explored to fuse the RGB and NIR features. As these pre-training stages have been finished, global fine-tuning is employed to jointly train the whole network. The experimental results on the RGB-NIR dataset demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed approach in comparison with the other existing methods.
Cygnus X-3 and the problem of the missing Wolf-Rayet X-ray binaries

Cygnus X-3 is a strong X-ray source (LX ≈ 10 38 erg s −1 ) which is thought to consist of a compact object accreting matter from a helium star. We analytically find that the estimated ranges of mass-loss rate and orbital-period derivative for Cyg X-3 are consistent with two models: i) the system is detached and the mass loss from the system comes from the stellar wind of a massive helium star, of which only a fraction that allows for the observed X-ray luminosity is accreted, or ii) the system is semidetached and a Roche-lobe-overflowing low- or moderate-mass helium donor transfers mass to the compact object, followed by ejection of its excess over the Eddington rate from the system. These analytical results appear to be consistent with evolutionary calculations. By means of population synthesis we find that currently in the Galaxy there may exist
GROWTH WITH EQUITY : POLICY LESSONS FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

During the past three decades, the Republic of Korea has successfully transformed itself from a nation of absolute poverty into the world’s eleventh largest economy. The real gross national product (GNP) grew at an average rate of 8.1 per cent between 1970 and 1997 despite considerable year-to-year fluctuations, and there has been neither a decreasing trend in real GNP growth nor any systematic change in its variation since 1970. Between 1970 and 1996, per capita GNP increased from US$ 253 to over US$ 10,000 ( table 1). The share of agriculture in the gross domestic product (GDP) decreased from 27 per cent to less than 7 per cent during that period. Exports recorded a substantial increase from US$ 0.9 billion to US$ 128 billion, 70 per cent of which comprised heavy machinery and chemical products.
Regulation of SMN Protein Stability

ABSTRACT Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutations of the survival of motor neuron (SMN1) gene and deficiency of full-length SMN protein (FL-SMN). All SMA patients retain one or more copies of the SMN2 gene, but the principal protein product of SMN2 lacks exon 7 (SMNΔ7) and is unable to compensate for a deficiency of FL-SMN. SMN is known to oligomerize and form a multimeric protein complex; however, the mechanisms regulating stability and degradation of FL-SMN and SMNΔ7 proteins have been largely unexplored. Using pulse-chase analysis, we characterized SMN protein turnover and confirmed that SMN was ubiquitinated and degraded by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). The SMNΔ7 protein had a twofold shorter half-life than FL-SMN in cells despite similar intrinsic rates of turnover by the UPS in a cell-free assay. Mutations that inhibited SMN oligomerization and complex formation reduced the FL-SMN half-life. Furthermore, recruitment of SMN into large macromolecular complexes as well as increased association with several Gemin proteins was regulated in part by protein kinase A. Together, our data indicate that SMN protein stability is modulated by complex formation. Promotion of the SMN complex formation may be an important novel therapeutic strategy for SMA.
Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Chalcone and Chalcone Analogues in a Zebrafish Model

The aim of this study was to investigate novel chalcones with potent anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. Chalcone and two chalcone analogues (compound 5 and 9) were evaluated using a caudal fin-wounded transgenic zebrafish line “Tg(mpx:gfp)” to visualize the effect of neutrophil recruitment dynamically. Results showed that treatment with compound 9 not only affected wound-induced neutrophil recruitment, but also affected Mpx enzymatic activity. Moreover, protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors (Mpx, NFκB, and TNFα) were also regulated by compound 9. Taken together, our results provide in vivo evidence of the anti-inflammatory effects of synthesized chalcone analogues on wound-induced inflammation.
miR-375 inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by repressing ERBB2 expression

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expression of targeted genes in a post-transcriptional manner. Increasing evidence indicates that miRNAs play important roles in cancer pathogenesis, including apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation, as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Previously, miR-375 was shown to be involved in human gastric cancer, however, the mechanism remains poorly understood. In the present study, miR-375 was shown to be downregulated in gastric cancer tissues, particularly human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2)-positive gastric cancer tissues. Identified by dual luciferase assays and western blot analysis, ERBB2 was demonstrated to be a target gene of miR-375. In addition, miR-375 overexpression suppressed the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells in vitro and the suppression effect was restored by ERBB2 overexpression. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that miR-375 is associated with human gastric carcinogenesis by targeting ERBB2. Therefore, miR-375 may be used as a potential clinical classification marker and therapeutic target for human gastric cancer.
AUTOMATIC EVALUATION OF SEGMENTATION PARAMETERS

This paper evaluates a method, previously proposed by the authors, for the automatic adaptation of segmentation parameters based on Genetic Algorithms. An intuitive and computationally simple fitness function is used that expresses the similarity between the segmentation result and a reference provided by the user. The method searches the solution space for a set of parameter values that minimizes the fitness function. A prototype including two of the most widely used segmentation algorithms was developed to assess the performance of the method. A set of experiments using a hi- resolution image was carried out. In experiments the method was able to come close to the ideal solution.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity Steps in the Design, Development and Formative Evaluation of Obesity Prevention-related Behavior Change Trials

Obesity prevention interventions through dietary and physical activity change have generally not been effective. Limitations on possible program effectiveness are herein identified at every step in the mediating variable model, a generic conceptual framework for understanding how interventions may promote behavior change. To minimize these problems, and thereby enhance likely intervention effectiveness, four sequential types of formative studies are proposed: targeted behavior validation, targeted mediator validation, intervention procedure validation, and pilot feasibility intervention. Implementing these studies would establish the relationships at each step in the mediating variable model, thereby maximizing the likelihood that an intervention would work and its effects would be detected. Building consensus among researchers, funding agencies, and journal editors on distinct intervention development studies should avoid identified limitations and move the field forward.
Lada: The ISS Plant Substrate Microgravity Testbed

Lada, named for the ancient Russian Goddess of Spring, is a plant growth system developed jointly by the Space Dynamics Laboratory and the Institute of Biomedical Problems for longterm deployment on the International Space Station. Lada uses design features and technology similar to the Svet greenhouse on the Mir orbital outpost, and will be launched to ISS in June 02. It is scheduled to support its first crop (a leafy vegetable – Mizuna [Brassica rapa var. nipposinica]) in October 02. Lada consists of four major components (a control module, two vegetation modules and a water tank) and is designed to be deployed on a cabin wall. This deployment scheme was chosen to provide the crew therapeutic viewing and easy access to the plants. The two independently controlled vegetation modules allow comparisons between two vegetation or substrate treatments. The vegetation modules consist of three sub-modules, a light bank, the leaf chamber, and a root module. The root module is 9 cm deep, and can be instrumented to allow a wide range of substrate water and oxygen diffusion experiments to be conducted during the plant growth experiments. Sensors available in Lada are similar to those provided by the Svet-GEMS system. Specific attention has been paid to the root zone sensor suite, which includes substrate moisture probes, minitensiometers, and substrate oxygen sensors. Experiments conducted in Lada will be associated with the Russian National Science program and will follow three themes: substrate management physics, plant production and quality, and crew – plant interaction studies. A unique feature of the Lada concept is that when the system is not being used for supported science experiments, it will be available to crew members to supplement their diet and to enhance flight enjoyment. Plans are in place to train all of the Russian crew members to use Lada. International cooperative experiments exploiting these unique features are now being developed.
Hoof ground interaction: when biomechanical stimuli challenge the tissues of the distal limb.

Expectations of, and demands on, today’s equine athlete require monitoring of its locomotor system to maintain orthopaedic health. In the practical situation, the soundness of the distal limb is one of the most important features in the performance horse and manifested lameness is too often the result of irreparable damage to critical tissues. To understand the delicate balance between soundness and lameness, in-depth knowledge is needed as to which biomechanical signals produced by hoof ground interaction may engender physiological or pathological tissue adaptations. To date, we can measure accurately the biomechanical stimuli in terms of forces, pressures, movements, accelerations and strains in the distal limb at impact, support and break-over. Furthermore, we can see the results of these biomechanical challenges to critical tissues of the distal limb, at a young age as ‘maturation or functional adaptation’ and at an older age often as ‘wear or damage’. The purpose here is to review the recent biomechanical literature to hoof ground interaction and to relate presentday knowledge in this field to potential challenges to distal limb tissues, which may impair the health status of the locomotor system of the horse.
Acquisition of Hypernymy-Hyponymy Relation between Nouns for WordNet Building

Automatic extraction of hypernym-hyponym pairs has been done in many researches. But none is described as an automatic method to incorporate the result to Word Net or on Word Net building. This paper proposes a method to automatically acquire hypernym-hyponym pairs for Word Net building by utilizing a monolingual dictionary and Lesk Word Sense Disambiguation or Lesk WSD to deliver tagged pairs. This method is implemented on an Indonesian monolingual dictionary and produces 70% accuracy.
Kinematics of Diffuse Interstellar Clouds :Recent GMRT Results

A high latitude HI 21 cm-line absorption survey toward extragalactic sources was recently completed using the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT). A total of 104 sources with mod(b) > 15 deg. and with a 21 cm flux density greater than 1 Jy were observed for about 120 hours. With an optical depth detection limit of about 0.01 this is the most sensitive high-latitude survey as yet. Most of the detected HI 21 cm-line absorption features belong to a population with a velocity dispersion of about 7.6 km/s. These are the 'standard' HI clouds and have been well-studied for decades. However, we also detect a second population of absorbing clouds with a velocity dispersion of about 21 km/s. About 20 percent of the total number of absorbing clouds belong to this population. This new population of 'fast' clouds can be identified with a similar velocity dispersion Ca II absorbing clouds and with the Halo clouds recently detected in HI emission from Green Bank.
MULTIPLE SCATTERING OF WAVES BY A PAIR OF GRAVITATIONALLY STRATIFIED FLUX TUBES

We study the near-field coupling of a pair of flux tubes embedded in a gravitationally stratified environment. The mutual induction of the near-field jackets of the two flux tubes can considerably alter the scattering properties of the system, resulting in sizable changes in the magnitudes of scattering coefficients and bizarre trends in the phases. The dominant length scale governing the induction zone turns out to be approximately half the horizontal wavelength of the incident mode, a result that fits in quite pleasantly with extant theories of scattering. Higher-β flux tubes are more strongly coupled than weaker ones, a consequence of the greater role that the near-field jacket modes play in such tubes. We also comment on the importance of incorporating the effects of multiple scattering when studying the effects of mode absorption in plage and interpreting related scattering measurements. That the near field plays such an important role in the scattering process lends encouragement to the eventual goal of observationally resolving subwavelength features of flux tubes using techniques of helioseismology.