Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed recognition of patterns in time series data

From a manufacturing plant to a rocket launch pad, to a hospital intensive care unit, arrays of sensors are producing large volumes of information on critical systems. These environments require data analysis to reduce and summarize the data. People often do the data analysis, and large amounts of data often require legions of people. Unfortunately, this work is often repetitive and mundane. This is particularly true in the manufacturing and aerospace industries, where the same patterns repeat over and over again. The interesting part is when the pattern does not occur or does not “look right. ” This might be 2% of the time or less. There is a tremendous need for pattern recognition software to perform the repetitive and mundane tasks, and to focus the experts on the interesting 2%. Jeffrey P. Morrill
Winner's Curse, Reserve Prices and Endogenous Entry: Empirical Insights from Ebay Auctions

Internet auctions have recently gained widespread popularity and are one of the most successful forms of electronic commerce. We examine a unique dataset of eBay coin auctions to explore the determinants of bidder and seller behavior. We first document a number of empirical regularities. We then specify and estimate a structural econometric model of bidding on eBay. Using our parameter estimates from this model, we measure the extent of the winner's curse and simulate seller revenue under different reserve prices. Copyright 2003 by the RAND Corporation.
Wellbeing Across Occupations and in the Emergency Services: a Mixed Methods Study

i Table of contents . ii List of figures. vi List of tables . vii List of abbreviations . viii Attestation of authorship . ix Co-authored publications arising from this doctoral thesis. x Acknowledgements . xii Chapter
Dietary Cod Protein Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Insulin-Resistant Men and Women

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this article was to compare the effects of cod protein to those of other animal proteins on insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant human subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Insulin sensitivity (M/I) was assessed using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in 19 insulin-resistant subjects fed a cod protein diet and a similar diet containing lean beef, pork, veal, eggs, milk, and milk products (BPVEM) for 4 weeks in a crossover design study. Both diets were formulated to differ only in protein source, thus providing equivalent amounts of dietary fibers and monounsaturated, polyunsaturated (including n-3), and saturated fatty acids (1.1:1.8:1.0). β-Cell function, estimated by oral glucose tolerance test–derived parameters, was also assessed. RESULTS—There was a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity (P = 0.027) and a strong tendency for a better disposition index (β-cell function × M/I) (P = 0.055) in subjects consuming the cod protein diet compared with those consuming the BPVEM diet. When median baseline M/I (4.8 × 10−3 mg · kg−1 · min−1 · pmol−1) was taken into account, an interaction on the 30-min C-peptide–to–30-min glucose ratio, used as an index of β-cell function, was observed between diet and M/I status (P = 0.022). Indeed, this ratio strongly tended to increase in subjects with low M/I consuming the cod protein diet compared with those consuming the BPVEM diet (P = 0.065). CONCLUSIONS—Dietary cod protein improves insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant individuals and thus could contribute to prevention of type 2 diabetes by reducing the metabolic complications related to insulin resistance.
The Role of Spatial Attention in the Selection of Real and Illusory Objects

Selective attention may be flexibly directed toward particular locations in the visual field (spatial attention) or to entire object configurations (object-based attention). A key question is whether spatial attention plays a direct role in the selection of objects, perhaps by spreading its facilitatory influence throughout the boundaries of an object. We studied the relationship between spatial and object-based attention in a design in which subjects attended to brief offsets of one corner of a real or illusory square form. Object-selective attention was indexed by differences in event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activations to unattended corner offsets in conditions in which the objects were intact versus fragmented or absent. This design ensured that object-based attention effects were not an artifact of attention being guided by simple directional cues such as parallel lines, which may have occurred in previous studies. Both space-based and object-based attention were associated with enhanced negative ERPs (N1 component at 140–180 ms) that were colocalized with BOLD activations in lateral occipital cortex (LOC). These results provide physiological evidence that directing spatial attention to one part of an object (whether real or illusory) facilitates the processing of the entire object at the level of the LOC and thus contributes directly to object-based selective attention.
Developing a tagset and tagger for the African languages of South Africa with special reference to Xhosa

There are currently two distinct but not necessarily mutually exclusive approaches to the retrieval of information from linguistic corpora. 'Corpus-driven' approaches rely solely on the corpus itself to yield significant patterns. With the exception of orthographic spacing, no additional annotations to a 'raw' corpus are used to guide searches and the retrieval of information from the corpus. Typically, key word in context (KWIC) analyses are applied to relevant concordance lines to extract statistically significant lexical and grammatical patterns. In 'corpus-based' approaches, on the other hand, information is retrieved from an enriched corpus on the basis of annotations in the form of linguistic tags and annotations. That is, the annotations are used to direct the searches to specific grammatical and lexical phenomena in a corpus. In this article, we propose a corpus-based approach and a tagset to be used on a corpus of spoken language for the African languages of South Africa. A number of problematic linguistic phenomena such as fixed expressions, agglutination, morphemic merging and spoken language phenomena such as interrupted words etc., often have some effect on tagging principles. These problematic phenomena are discussed and illustrated. The development of the tagset is based on the morphosyntactic properties of Xhosa for reasons that are outlined in the article. Manual tagging of a large corpus would be quite a daunting and time-consuming task, not to mention the potential for various kinds of errors. This problem is solved in a two-step process. Firstly, a computer-based drag-and-drop tagger was developed to facilitate the manual tagging of a so-called training corpus. This training corpus then forms the input to the development of an automatic tagger. The principles and procedures for the development of an automatic tagger for African languages are also discussed.
Decision-Making under Uncertainty: How the Amount of Presented Uncertainty Influences User Behavior

In everyday life, people regularly make decisions based on uncertain data, e.g., when using a navigation device or looking at the weather forecast. In our work, we compare four representations that communicate different amounts of uncertainty information to the user. We compared them in a study by publishing a web-based game on Facebook. In total, 44 users played 991 turns. We analyzed the turns by logging game metrics such as the gain per turn and included a survey element. The results show that abundance of uncertainty information leads to taking unnecessary risks. However, representations with aggregated detailed uncertainty provide a good trade-off between being understandable by the players and encouraging medium risks with high gains. Absence of uncertainty information reduces the risk taking and leads to more won turns, but with the lowest money gain.
Phase I Trial of 2-Methoxyestradiol NanoCrystal Dispersion in Advanced Solid Malignancies

Purpose: 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2; Panzem) is an endogenous, estradiol-17β metabolite that at pharmacologic doses exerts antimitotic and antiangiogenic activities. Studies with a 2ME2 capsule formulation showed limited oral bioavailability. We report the results of a phase I study using a NanoCrystal Dispersion formulation of 2ME2 (2ME2 NCD). Experimental Design: Patients with refractory solid tumors received 2ME2 NCD orally. Patients received drug either every 6 hours (part A) or every 8 hours (part B). Doses were escalated in successive cohorts until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was identified. The primary objective was identifying the MTD. Secondary objectives were to evaluate the plasma pharmacokinetics of 2ME2 and efficacy. Results: In part A, 16 patients received a median of 4 cycles of 2ME2 NCD. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) included fatigue (2), hypophosphatemia (2), increased alanine aminotransferase (1), and muscle weakness (1). Trough levels at steady-state reached the minimum effective concentration in all cohorts. The MTD was determined to be 1,000 mg orally every 6 hours. In part B, 10 patients received a median of 1 cycle. DLTs included elevated γ-glutamyltransferase (1), hyponatremia (1), fatigue (1), and anorexia (1). An MTD could not be defined for part B because 4 of 10 patients had DLTs at the initial dose level and dose reduction was not pursued. Thirteen patients had stable disease (A, 11; B, 2); there were no confirmed responses. Conclusion: For 2ME2 NCD, the MTD and recommended phase II regimen is 1,000 mg orally every 6 hours. Treatment was generally well-tolerated.
WAVE PROPAGATION AND SHOCK FORMATION IN DIFFERENT MAGNETIC STRUCTURES

Velocity oscillations “measured” simultaneously at the photosphere and the chromosphere—from time series of spectropolarimetric data in the 10830 Å region—of different solar magnetic features allow us to study the properties of wave propagation as a function of the magnetic flux of the structure (i.e., two different-sized sunspots, a tiny pore, and a facular region). While photospheric oscillations have similar characteristics everywhere, oscillations measured at chromospheric heights show different amplitudes, frequencies, and stages of shock development depending on the observed magnetic feature. The analysis of the power and the phase spectra, together with simple theoretical modeling, lead to a series of results concerning wave propagation within the range of heights of this study. We find that, while the atmospheric cutoff frequency and the propagation properties of different oscillating modes depend on the magnetic feature, in all the cases the power that reaches the high chromosphere above the atmospheric cutoff comes directly from the photosphere by means of linear vertical wave propagation rather than from nonlinear interaction of modes.
Making Sense of Ambiguity in IT-Adaptation An Interpretive Case Study of First Class in Social Services

This paper explores how people make sense of ambiguity caused by newly introduced information technology in organizations. A better understanding of these sensemaking processes might provide research as well as practice some basis for improving how information technology is adapted in organizations. On the basis of an interpretive study, the paper identifies how certain attention-structures facilitate as well as restrict how IT is constructed meaningful in a particular organizational context − social work. In this context, previous experiences of how IT-introductions have coincided with increasing administrative workload had considerable implications on how First Class was adapted. At a general level, it is concluded that resolving ambiguity is an important ingredient in successful IT-adaptation.
Continuous Facial Expression Representation for Multimodal Emotion Detection

This paper presents a multimodal system for dimensional emotion detection, that extracts and merges visual, acoustic and context relevant features. The paper studies the two main components of such systems: the extraction of relevant features and the multimodal fusion technique. Additionally, we propose a method for the automatic extraction of a new emotional facial expression feature to be used as an input of the fusion system. The feature is an invariant representation of facial expressions, which enables person-independent high-level expression recognition. It relies on 8 key emotional expressions, which are synthesized from plausible distortions applied on the neutral face of a subject. The expressions in the video sequences are defined by their relative position to these 8 expressions. High-level expression recognition is then performed in this space with a basic intensity-area detector. In this paper, the impact of fusion techniques is investigated by comparing two different fusion techniques: a fuzzy inference system and a radial basis function (RBF) system. The experiments show that the choice of the fusion technique has little impact on the results, thus indicating that the feature extraction is the key component of a multimodal emotion detection system. The experiments have been performed on the AVEC 2012 database.
The Efficacy of Executive Coaching: An Empirical Investigation of Two Approaches Using Random Assignment and a Switching-Replications Design

Using random assignment and a switching-replications design in a corporate setting, this study compared the effectiveness of two approaches to executive coaching: goal-focused and process-oriented. Goal-focused coaching is based on goal-setting theory, which concentrates on identifying a task to be accomplished, whereas process-oriented coaching emphasizes interpersonal processes more than specific content or goals. Sixty-four senior executives and their supervisors (dyads) from a multibillion-dollar company were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 conditions: (a) goal-focused coaching, (b) process-oriented coaching, (c) goal-focused control group, and (d) process-oriented control group. Participants and their supervisors each chose 1 of 8 leadership competencies from the organization’s performance-management system as the coaching objective. The coaching consisted of 4 face-to-face, 1-hr coaching sessions over a 4- to 6-week period. The 16 executive coaches in the study received precoaching training to ensure consistent delivery of the two approaches. The results showed an increase in leadership competencies and behaviors for the coaching groups but not for the control groups, as rated by the coachees only. Contrary to prediction, however, there was no significant difference between the approaches of goal-focused and process-oriented coaching on leadership competencies or behaviors. Furthermore, there were no differences between the two approaches in the postcoaching follow-up. Implications of the results for executive-coaching theory, research, and practice are discussed.
Formative Evaluation of BYU Internship Course Syllabi

Formative Evaluation of BYU Internship Course Syllabi Shiloh M. James Howland Department of Instructional Psychology and Technology, BYU Annually, approximately 4,000 undergraduate and graduate students participate in the 133 academic internship courses offered at BYU. Each course is required to comply with the university Internship Policy. The university Internship Policy provides guidelines of how internship courses operate, responsibilities of the intern, site supervisor, and faculty advisor, and how students earn academic credit for internships. Compliance with these guidelines is supposed to be monitored by the Internship Office; however, due to personnel and time constraints, the degree to which the courses comply with that policy had not been studied prior to this evaluation. This project evaluated the syllabi of the 133 academic internship courses for compliance with the university Internship Policy. Of the 133 courses, 32 did not submit a syllabus for review. Most of the remaining 101 courses were at least partly compliant with the policy. Courses that were not fully compliant were generally missing one or more of the following requirements: a pre-internship orientation, an assessment of internship providers, a grading scale, the point values of the assignments, and/or the course’s learning outcomes. Nearly all courses met the requirement of having assignments that were composed of texts/readings, papers/reports, research/projects, or demonstrations/presentations. The results of this evaluation were shared with the department internship coordinators so that they might improve their syllabi prior to the next evaluation cycle beginning in Fall semester 2017.
Comparison between Japanese online and standard administrations of the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale 2 and effects of post‐warning

Methods. A total of 442 people aged between 20 and 59 years took the Japanese online version of the GSS2, and their scores were compared with those obtained via administrationof the Japanese standard version in a previous study and those of the British normative sample. The influence of post-warning (a technique in which the participant is given an apology for the incorrect negative feedback provided on the first day) and free recall instruction on suggestibility was examined in 10 out of the 20 GSS test questions 2 days after the administration of the online GSS2.
Discovery of the two wings of the Kookaburra complex in VHE gamma -rays with H.E.S.S

Aims. Search for Very High Energy gamma-ray emission in the Kookaburra complex through observations with the H.E. S.S. array. Methods. Stereoscopic imaging of Cherenkov light emission of the gamma-ray showers in the atmosphere is used for the reconstruction and selection of the events to search for gamma-ray signals. Their spectrum is derived by a forward-folding maximum likelihood fit. Results. Two extended gamma-ray sources with an angular (68%) radius of 3.3-3.4' are discovered at high (>13sigma) statistical significance: HESS J1420-607 and HESS J1418-609. They exhibit a flux above 1 TeV of (2.97+/-0.18stat +/-0.60sys)x10-12 and (2.17+/-0.17stat +/-0.43sys)x10-12 cm-2 s-1, respectively, and similar hard photon indices ~2.2. Multi-wavelength comparisons show spatial coincidence with the wings of the Kookaburra. Two pulsar wind nebulae candidates, K3/PSR J1420-6048 and the Rabbit, lie on the edge of the H.E. S.S. sources. Conclusions. The two new sources confirm the non-thermal nature of at least parts of the two radio wings which overlap with the gamma-ray emission and establish their connection with the two X-ray pulsar wind nebulae candidates. Given the large point spread function of EGRET, the unidentified source(s) 3EG J1420-6038/GeV J1417-6100 could possibly be related to either or both H.E. S.S. sources. The most likely explanation for the Very High Energy gamma-rays discovered by H.E. S.S. is inverse Compton emission of accelerated electrons on the Cosmic Microwave Background near the two candidate pulsar wind nebulae, K3/PSR J1420-6048 and the Rabbit. Two scenarios which could lead to the observed large (~10 pc) offset-nebula type morphologies are briefly discussed.
Image fusion with the Hermite transform

The Hermite transform is an image representation model that incorporates some important properties of visual perception such as the analysis through overlapping receptive fields and the Gaussian derivative model of early vision. It also allows the construction of pyramidal multiresolution analysis-synthesis schemes. We show how the Hermite transform can be used to build image fusion schemes that take advantage of the fact that Gaussian derivatives are good operators for the detection of relevant image patterns at different spatial scales. These patterns are later combined in the transform coefficient domain. Applications of this fusion algorithm are found in medical imagery and remote sensing, name.
G N ] 1 M ar 2 00 9 p – Adic numbers in bioinformatics

Structure of the PAM matrix in bioinformatics is investigated. We show that the PAM matrix A allows the expansion into the sum of the two matrices A = A (2) + A (∞) , where the matrix A (2) is 2–adically regular (i.e. matrix elements of this matrix are close to locally constant with respect to the discussed earlier by the authors 2–adic parametrization of the genetic code), and the matrix A (∞) is sparse. We discuss the structure of the matrix A (∞) in relation to the side chain properties of the corresponding amino acids.
Lack of association of CFD polymorphisms with advanced age-related macular degeneration

Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible central vision loss worldwide. Research has linked AMD susceptibility with dysregulation of the complement cascade. Typically, complement factor H (CFH), complement factor B (CFB), complement component 2 (C2), and complement component 3 (C3) are associated with AMD. In this paper, we investigated the association between complement factor D (CFD), another factor of the complement system, and advanced AMD in a Caucasian population. Methods Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs1683564, rs35186399, rs1683563, rs3826945, rs34337649, and rs1651896, across the region covering CFD, were chosen for this study. One hundred and seventy-eight patients with advanced AMD and 161 age-matched normal controls were genotyped. Potential positive signals were further tested in another independent 445 advanced AMD patients and 190 controls. χ2 tests were performed to compare the allele frequencies between case and control groups. Results None of the six SNPs of CFD was found to be significantly associated with advanced AMD in our study. Conclusions Our findings suggest that CFD may not play a major role in the genetic susceptibility to AMD because no association was found between the six SNPs analyzed in the CFD region and advanced AMD.
What is the Range of Surface Reconstructions from a Gradient Field ?

We propose a generalized equation to represent a continuum of surface reconstruction solutions of a given non-integrable gradient field. Such nonintegrable gradient fields are often encountered in techniques such as Photometric Stereo (PS) and Shape from Shading (SfS). We show that common approaches such as Poisson solver [1] and Frankot-Chellappa algorithm [2] are special cases of this generalized equation. The framework is then applied to derive new types of surface reconstructions. The key observation is that the range of solutions is related to the degree of anisotropy in applying weights to the gradients in the integration process. While common approaches use isotropic gradient weights, we show that by using a progression of spatially varying anisotropic weights, we can achieve significant improvements in reconstructions. We propose (a) α-surfaces using binary weights, where the parameter α allows trade off between smoothness and robustness, (b) M-estimators and edge preserving regularization using continuous weights and (c) Diffusion using affine transformation of gradients. We provide results on photometric stereo, compare with previous approaches and show that anisotropic treatment discounts noise while recovering salient features in reconstructions.