Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Particular TCR β Variable Region Used by T Cells Infiltrating Kidney Transplants1

Immune tolerance to MHC class II identical renal grafts is achievable in miniature swine following a short immunosuppressive treatment. Like in clinical transplants, swine-accepted allografts are primarily infiltrated by CD8+ T cells, which are noncytotoxic to the renal tissue. However, the actual specificity and function of these intragraft-infiltrating lymphocytes remain poorly understood. To develop the molecular tools to study TCR-associated functions of graft-infiltrating cells in a preclinical transplantation model, we have determined the nucleotide sequence of 19 pig Vβ, 12 Jβ, and two Dβ. Sequence comparisons identified 17 different Vβ families and two Jβ clusters homologous to the human Jβ1 and Jβ2. The fact that the pig Jβ1 segments were always found joined to the Dβ1-like sequence in numerous rearranged TCR β cDNA suggests the existence of two d-J clusters in swine. These results also imply that the polymorphism of the porcine TCR β segments is similar to that found in human. Finally, we report the discovery of a new and functional Vβ subfamily named Vβ100, which exhibited similarity to the murine Vβ2 sequence but had no described Vβ homolog in humans. Pilot spectratyping studies on Vβ usage revealed a clonal dominance of Vβ100+ T cell subsets among infiltrating cells in two accepted grafts.
Automatic sub-event detection in emergency management using social media

Emergency management is about assessing critical situations, followed by decision making as a key step. Clearly, information is crucial in this two-step process. The technology of social (multi)media turns out to be an interesting source for collecting information about an emergency situation. In particular, situational information can be captured in form of pictures, videos, or text messages. The present paper investigates the application of multimedia metadata to identify the set of sub-events related to an emergency situation. The used metadata is compiled from Flickr and YouTube during an emergency situation, where the identification of the events relies on clustering. Initial results presented in this paper show how social media data can be used to detect different sub-events in a critical situation.
The Prevalence of Rape in the United States Revisited

In the Autumn 1980 issue of Signs, Allan Griswold Johnson applied a technique commonly used by demographers, known as life-table analysis, to statistics on rape. On the basis of his analysis Johnson constructed estimates of the probability that a woman will be the victim of sexual violence during her lifetime. He concluded that "nationally, a conservative estimate is that, under current conditions, 20-30 percent of girls now twelve years old will suffer a violent sexual attack during the remainder of their lives. "' Johnson went on to comment: "It is difficult to believe that such widespread violence is the responsibility of a small lunatic fringe of psychopathic men. That sexual violence is so pervasive supports the view that the locus of violence against women rests squarely in the middle of what our culture defines as 'normal' interaction between men and women. "2
Automatic segmentation of moving objects considering single moving camera

In this paper, we present a new method for detecting and accurately extracting the moving object from a video sequence taken by single moving camera. Extracting high-quality dynamic foreground is a challenging problem due to the coupling of color, motion, and occlusion. Many previous approaches assume that the camera motion is restricted. In our method, we relax these restrictions and present a comprehensive system for accurately computing camera motion, background, and foreground object. Based on the robust motion estimation, we are capable of handling challenging videos where the camera contains unknown motions. The accuracy of estimated camera-motion parameters is increased by direct estimation such that the consistent background is achieved. The foreground separation which includes contextual information decreases the number classification errors, greatly improves the foreground separation even on the object boundary. Experimental results of high quality segmentation of moving objects from challenging videos demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Reading scientific papers forunder standing: revisiting Watson and Crick (1953)

The ability to use the research literature within a given field is a basic skill that students should acquire as part of their higher education studies. However, undergraduates need support in developing this skill. The use of concept maps as an aid to interrogating the literature is described here. This may help students to highlight keyissues raised within a research paper, and may be used to demonstrate understanding to their tutors. An example is given by reference to the paper in which James Watson and Francis Crick suggest a structure for DNA. In this, annotated concept maps are used to highlight key issues from the paper from two perspectives: therace to describe the structure of DNA, and the biochemistry of the molecule.
Comparison of gravity anomalies from terrestrial gravity and recent geopotential models over West-Malaysia

Recently, International Center for Global Earth Models (ICGEM) published more than 50 Global Geopotential Models (GGMs). These GGMs plays an important role in a determination of a precise geoid model. Nowadays, some of the models offer high accuracy and better resolution of the gravity field. In this study, several recent GGMs derived from satellite-only (eg. EIGEN) and combined (eg. EGM2008) will be used. Gravity anomalies derived from selected GGMs are analyzed and compared with gravity anomalies derived from terrestrial gravity observation over West Malaysia (WM). The comparison and the results of selected GGMs is shown with the residual statistic. From the results, gravity anomalies derived from combined solution Earth Gravity Model (EGM2008) with the spherical harmonic coefficients up to 2190 is the most suitable model can be use as a reference over West Malaysia.
Managing Workload Importance in Enterprise DBMSs

One of the desirable properties of enterprise DBMSs is the ability to manage workloads based on their importance to business. This calls for mechanisms that allow enterprise DBMSs to be able to translate the workload importance into resource allocation plans, which means workload importance must be quantitatively evaluated in order to play its role when enterprise DBMSs allocate system resources to workloads. This paper introduces a framework for implementing the translation and a process for quantifying workload importance. Under the framework, workload importance is encapsulated into an objective function that is optimized to derive resource allocation plans. A general form of workload utility functions is developed for simplifying the job of quantifying workload importance. Experiments show their effectiveness.
Spatial distribution feature for 3D indoor scene labelling

In this paper, we propose an innovative approach for indoor scene labelling through a Bayesian framework with a RGB-D camera. In our approach, with the depth information, we develop a novel spatial feature vector that derives from the combination of three oriental distributions by using eigenvector decomposition and sub-space combination to capture the structural feature of 3D scene. We use Gaussian Mixture Distribution to compute the conditional likelihood density of these features. Meanwhile, a 6-connect pair-wise model that accommodates the relationship of 3D location is designed and used for labelling through Markov Random Field. Our approach is evaluated on several challenging dataset and is shown to have great superiority and effectiveness.
Modeling Word Meaning in Context with Substitute Vectors

Context representations are a key element in distributional models of word meaning. In contrast to typical representations based on neighboring words, a recently proposed approach suggests to represent a context of a target word by a substitute vector, comprising the potential fillers for the target word slot in that context. In this work we first propose a variant of substitute vectors, which we find particularly suitable for measuring context similarity. Then, we propose a novel model for representing word meaning in context based on this context representation. Our model outperforms state-of-the-art results on lexical substitution tasks in an unsupervised setting.
Experimental Investigation of Absolute Pitch

ABSOLUTE PITCH IS DEFINED here as the ability to identify and name the pitch of a musical note from its sound alone, without reference to any other note which has been previously sounded. Many theories have been advanced to provide an explanation of the trait, but writers have generally fallen into two groups: 1. Those with a phenomenalistic attitude, who have attributed possession of the gift to some hereditary factor. 2. Those who, particularly in more recent years, believe that it is dependent upon behavior and learning. Some of the theories that fall in the former group have been based on the assumption of a gift of hearing in the absolute pitch subject. There is nothing, however, in any of the theories of hearing that have received serious support which could provide any explanation of absolute pitch; supporters of hearing theory for the trait have been unable to give an account of the mechanism of judgment. They have similarly provided no satisfactory explanation as to why the one particular point on the continuum of pitch that has been arbitrarily selected by man in the recent past for his musical purposes should have any more significance for an inborn gift of hearing than any other. Another version of the hearing theory is that the possessor of absolute pitch has a superior sensitivity to the quality of a musical note. Again there is difiiculty in describing the precise mechanism of this sensitivity, coupled with the problem of accounting for the way in which the brain might deal with the superior signal, or remember pitch from it. The behaviorist camp has likewise presented several different arguments, including imprinting (6), vocal practice (5), and even that the trait does not exist at all, but is the tail end of pitch discrimination ability (8). No explanation has been offered, however, as to the origins of the behavior on which the trait depends, and writers have tended to embark instead on a dispute as to whether or not it is capable o£ development by training. The work re-ported here is part of a more extended study of the foundations on which previous theories have been based, and of the etiology of musical behavior; it hopes to trace, from a developmental point of view, the growth of perceptive activity and to determine the true nature of absolute pitch.
Quantitation of nerve terminal populations: Synaptic vesicle‐associated proteins as markers for synaptic density in the rat neostriatum

This study has assessed the contributions of the corticostriatal fibers, the ascending striatopetal fibers, and the intrinsic neostriatal neurons to the nerve terminal population found in the rat neostriatum (caudatoputamen). For this purpose, we have analysed the levels of two different synaptic vesicle‐associated proteins, synapsin I and protein p38 (also called synaptophysin), in the neostriatum after specific lesions. Our results indicate that 45–50% of the synaptic vesicle proteins in the rat neostriatum derive from the corticostriatal fibers, that approximately 25–30% of the synaptic vesicle proteins are present in kainic acid‐sensitive structures, presumably intrinsic terminals and local collaterals, and that ascending fibers contain 20–25% of the vesicle‐associated proteins in the neostriatum. These three neuronal populations therefore comprise 95–100% of the synaptic vesicle‐associated proteins in the rat neostriatum, and thus make up most of the nerve terminals in this brain region. The results, which are in general agreement with previous morphometric studies on the rat basal ganglia, therefore indicate that nerve terminals in the central nervous system can be quantitated by use of these biochemical nerve terminal markers. The results also indicate that a somewhat higher percentage of neostriatal nerve terminals belongs to the corticostriatal fibers than previously believed.
Dual Spatial Pyramid On Rotation Invariant Texture Feature For HEp-2 Cell Classification

Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF) on Human Epithelial-2 (HEp-2) cells is the hallmark method for detecting some specific autoimmune diseases by identifying the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) within a patient's serum. Due to the limitations of IIF, such as being subjective and time consuming, automated Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system is required for diagnostic purposes. In this paper, we propose a novel feature extraction scheme for automatic staining pattern classification of HEp-2 cells. Our method constructs a dual spatial pyramid structure on a powerful rotation invariant texture feature, which has the following advantages: (1) invariance under local rotation of the image, (2) robustness against resolution changes, and (3) strong descriptive ability. Incorporated with a linear SVM classifier, our approach demonstrates its effectiveness by testing on two HEp-2 cells datasets: the ICPR2012 dataset and the ICIP2013 training dataset. Particularly, it shows superior classification performance than the best performer at the first edition of the HEp-2 cell classification contest.
Classification and Its Consequences for Online Harassment

Online harassment is a pervasive and pernicious problem. Techniques like natural language processing and machine learning are promising approaches for identifying abusive language, but they fail to address structural power imbalances perpetuated by automated labeling and classification. Similarly, platform policies and reporting tools are designed for a seemingly homogenous user base and do not account for individual experiences and systems of social oppression. This paper describes the design and evaluation of HeartMob, a platform built by and for people who are disproportionately affected by the most severe forms of online harassment. We conducted interviews with 18 HeartMob users, both targets and supporters, about their harassment experiences and their use of the site. We examine systems of classification enacted by technical systems, platform policies, and users to demonstrate how 1) labeling serves to validate (or invalidate) harassment experiences; 2) labeling motivates bystanders to provide support; and 3) labeling content as harassment is critical for surfacing community norms around appropriate user behavior. We discuss these results through the lens of Bowker and Star's classification theories and describe implications for labeling and classifying online abuse. Finally, informed by intersectional feminist theory, we argue that fully addressing online harassment requires the ongoing integration of vulnerable users' needs into the design and moderation of online platforms.
Appearance Based Robust Face Detection using Adaboost

The problem of face detection is quite challenging. Many techniques have been used for detection of faces from the given set of images. In this paper, we present Adaboost based SNoW classifier for face detection. The accuracy of the system is high as compared to that of other systems. We used cascading to get strong classifiers from weak classifiers. We further proposed asymmetric boosting for fast detection of faces. I. Introduction Face detection is a challenging work because of the variability in image. The detection [2] of face from the given set of faces and non faces is the target for every face detector. Most of the recent work focuses on appearance based methods. They try to capture the representative variability [10-11] of the facial appearance [3-4] based on learned templates from the set of training images. In particular, Successive Mean Quantization Transform based methods have gained great fame and popularity in this area. Actually the SMTQ transformation yields new set of values for pixels set as;
A Search for Reading Difficulties Among Erred Word Problems.

those grades at which these two classifications were significant, no pattern could be identified. Geographic location of the school district and the sex of the pupils seemed to have less effect on the test scores than did the other classifications. Significant location effects were found only for Grades 1, 2, and 4, and the only significant group mean test score differences when subjects were classified by sex occurred at Grade 4. Otherwise, boys and girls did not score differently on the ELMR's. Since the differences between group mean test scores were significant at all grade levels when classified according to the size of the city or town and the per pupil expenditure, further examination is necessary. The fact that a large city or a large expenditure did not produce a higher group mean test score for all grades could indicate that some other factor-such as teacher ability, class size, the availability or use of audiovisual materials, or pupil abilitymight have influenced the test score. No pattern of significance for the other four independent variables was identified. Location of the school in Wisconsin and sex did not contribute to differences in test scores. Again, are there factors not considered in this research that contribute to the differences?
Alternative factor structures of health-related psychological tendencies and their relationship to self-reported health seeking behaviors

Abstract The MHQ-Multidimensional Health Questionnaire (Snell and Johnson, 1997) and a checklist of twenty Health Promoting Behaviors were administered to 1,011 Italian subjects aged 21 to 80 years. The MHQ measures twenty health related psychological tendencies (e.g, Health Efficacy, Locus of Control, Optimistic Expectations). A Principal Components Analysis was carried out on the twenty scales to study their internal structure. Both a four- and a two-factor solution are discussed, presenting different perspectives on the data. The former solution yielded a larger motivational factor, which we labeled Aspiration for Health, and three smaller factors, which we labeled Optimistic Expectations, Internal Control and Lack of Control. All factors, particularly the first one, discriminated self-reported health seeking behaviors. The latter solution yielded a Health Management factor and a Negative Thinking one, both discriminating health behaviors. Moreover, the two factors provide a useful model for distinguishing efficacy, optimism and internal control in terms of their cognitive and affective components.
Cognitive Acceleration in Mathematics Education: Teachers' Views

The Cognitive Acceleration in Mathematics Education (CAME) project aims to improve children's thinking in mathematics and to enhance their achievement. The learning theory underpinning it is described as 'Piaget and Vygotsky in tandem', together with a theory of professional development involving networks of teachers and direct modelling of lessons by trainers. Twenty-one teachers involved in the project were interviewed to investigate how the project was being implemented in their schools, their attitudes to the project, their understanding of the theory and their explanations for learning gains. Although attitudes were largely very positive, teachers also identified disadvantages and some resistance to the project was evident. The teachers stressed some aspects of the learning theory much more than others and identified dispositional changes as the most likely explanation for performance gains. There seemed to be room for greater development of the teachers' understanding and expertise but the introduction of the National Numeracy Strategy (NNS) was squeezing out opportunities for such work.
Using Global Information for Load Balancing in DHTs

Distributed hash tables (DHT) with order-preserving hash functions require load balancing to ensure an even item-load over all nodes. While previous item-balancing algorithms only improve the load imbalance, we argue that due to the cost of moving items, the competing goal of minimizing the used network traffic must be addressed as well. We aim to improve on existing algorithms by augmenting them with approximations of global knowledge, which can be distributed in a DHT with low cost using gossip mechanisms. In this paper we present initial simulation-based results from a decentralized balancing scheme extended with knowledge about the average node load. In addition, we discuss future work including a centralized auction-based algorithm that will be used as a benchmark.
Thinness Portrayals of Fashion Models: Perceived Body Dissatisfaction in Self and Others

The third person media effect is a social judgment phenomenon in which respondents differentiate between media effects on self and others. In this study, we extend this social judgment bias to advertisements for women's clothing. Magazine and catalog photographs of women were digitally altered to present the same models in different weight conditions. Sixty female undergraduates were assigned to view one of three sets of pictures: thin female models, thinness-relaxed female models, or controls (no models) and perceived body dissatisfaction evaluated for self, friends, and other students. In the control condition, perceived effect of media on self and others was negative, with a greater negative effect on others than self. In the thin models condition, respondents did not concede to effect on self, but perceived a strong negative effect only on others. However, in the thinness-relaxed condition, the difference in perceived effects on self and others was neutralized. Theoretical and applied significance of these findings is discussed.
A Personalized Forum Environment

Web2.0 has resulted in an increasing popularity of personalized recommender systems, especially in the context of social networking applications. Although there exist design approaches available for such systems, most of them make very explicit assumptions on the application domain as well as on the availability and data types to be used as input. In this position paper, we discuss the requirements and challenges of Forum Recommender Systems. Such systems aim at generating automatically posting recommendations for the different user profiles that deal with a forum. Despite the fact that these systems share characteristics with other social media, they have hardly been explored due to the particularities they present in terms of structure, context and user differences. Here, we discuss the particularities of Forum Recommender Systems and we propose a framework that enables the gathering of profile data and the generation of posting recommendations. The proposed framework can also be adjusted to other social networks.