Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transcription and Separation of Drum Signals From Polyphonic Music

The purpose of this article is to present new advances in music transcription and source separation with a focus on drum signals. A complete drum transcription system is described, which combines information from the original music signal and a drum track enhanced version obtained by source separation. In addition to efficient fusion strategies to take into account these two complementary sources of information, the transcription system integrates a large set of features, optimally selected by feature selection. Concurrently, the problem of drum track extraction from polyphonic music is tackled both by proposing a novel approach based on harmonic/noise decomposition and time/frequency masking and by improving an existing Wiener filtering-based separation method. The separation and transcription techniques presented are thoroughly evaluated on a large public database of music signals. A transcription accuracy between 64.5% and 80.3% is obtained, depending on the drum instrument, for well-balanced mixes, and the efficiency of our drum separation algorithms is illustrated in a comprehensive benchmark.
Genome Sequences of Six Pseudoalteromonas Strains Isolated from Arctic Sea Ice

ABSTRACT Yu et al. (Polar Biol. 32:1539–1547, 2009) isolated 199 Pseudoalteromonas strains from Arctic sea ice. We sequenced the genomes of six of these strains, which are affiliated to different Pseudoalteromonas species based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, facilitating the study of physiology and adaptation of Arctic sea ice Pseudoalteromonas strains.
On Mining Instance-Centric Classification Rules

Many studies have shown that rule-based classifiers perform well in classifying categorical and sparse high-dimensional databases. However, a fundamental limitation with many rule-based classifiers is that they find the rules by employing various heuristic methods to prune the search space and select the rules based on the sequential database covering paradigm. As a result, the final set of rules that they use may not be the globally best rules for some instances in the training database. To make matters worse, these algorithms fail to fully exploit some more effective search space pruning methods in order to scale to large databases. In this paper, we present a new classifier, HARMONY, which directly mines the final set of classification rules. HARMONY uses an instance-centric rule-generation approach and it can assure that, for each training instance, one of the highest-confidence rules covering this instance is included in the final rule set, which helps in improving the overall accuracy of the classifier. By introducing several novel search strategies and pruning methods into the rule discovery process, HARMONY also has high efficiency and good scalability. Our thorough performance study with some large text and categorical databases has shown that HARMONY outperforms many well-known classifiers in terms of both accuracy and computational efficiency and scales well with regard to the database size
Models of reading aloud: Dual-route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches.

It has often been argued that various facts about skilled reading aloud cannot be explained by any model unless that model possesses a dual-route architecture (lexical and nonlexical routes from print to speech). This broad claim has been challenged by Seidenberg and McClelland (1989, 1990). Their model has but a single route from print to speech, yet, they contend, it can account for major facts about reading that have hitherto been claimed to require a dual-route architecture. The authors identify 6 of these major facts about reading. The 1-route model proposed by Seidenberg and McClelland can account for the first of these but not the remaining 5. Because models with dual-route architectures can explain all 6 of these basic facts about reading, the authors suggest that this remains the viable architecture for any tenable model of skilled reading and learning to read. The dual-route cascaded model, a computational version of the dual-route model, is described
Plasma sex hormone concentrations and subsequent risk of breast cancer among women using postmenopausal hormones.

BACKGROUND Sex hormone concentrations are associated with breast cancer risk among women not using postmenopausal hormones (PMH); however, whether a relationship exists among PMH users is unknown. Therefore, we conducted a prospective, nested case-control study within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) cohort to examine the association between plasma sex hormone concentrations and postmenopausal breast cancer among women using PMH at blood collection. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 1989 to 1990. During follow-up through May 31, 2000, 446 women developed breast cancer and were matched by age, date and time of day of blood collection, and fasting status to 459 control subjects (PMH users) who did not develop cancer. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We compared hormone concentrations of the 459 control subjects with those of 363 postmenopausal NHS participants not taking PMH. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS PMH users had statistically significantly higher estradiol, free estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, and testosterone, and lower free testosterone concentrations than non-PMH users. Among PMH users, we found modest associations with breast cancer risk when comparing the highest versus lowest quartiles of free estradiol (RR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.7; P(trend) = . 06), free testosterone (RR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1 to 2.4; P(trend) = . 03), and sex hormone-binding globulin (RR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.5 to 1.1; P(trend) = . 04), but not of estradiol or of testosterone. However, estradiol and free estradiol were statistically significantly positively associated with breast cancer risk among women older than 60 years (RR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.5 to 5.0; P(trend) = . 002 and 2.6, 95% CI = 1.4 to 4.7; P(trend) = . 001, respectively) and among women with a body mass index of less than 25 kg/m2 (RR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1 to 3.1, P(trend) = . 01 and 2.4, 95% CI = 1.4 to 4.0, P(trend) = . 003, respectively). CONCLUSION Although women using PMH have a different hormonal profile than those not using PMH, plasma sex hormone concentrations appear to be associated with breast cancer risk among PMH users.
Claiming Space: Aboriginal Students within School Landscapes

Abstract There is an emerging body of theoretical, historical and design research that examines the ways in which race and cultural identity are understood to be produced and represented in the landscape. Yet, there remains a dearth of research examining both the historic and contemporary effects of race upon the development of school geographies. This paper has two broad purposes. It highlights the experiential aspects of racialized geographies within schools and, at the same time, it grapples with the processes that maintain or challenge the spatial conditions for the construction of whiteness. Drawing upon in-depth case study research this paper highlights the experiences of Aboriginal students and staff at four different schools, with a particular focus on cross-cultural schools, in Manitoba, Canada. What is needed is a concept of landscape that helps point the way to those interventions that can bring about much greater social justice. And what landscape study needs even more is a concept of landscape that will assist the development of the very idea of social justice. (Henderson, 2003, p. 196)
Optimal Computation of Distance Relays Second Zone Timing in a Mixed Protection Scheme with Directional Overcurrent Relays

This paper describes a technique to determine the optimal time setting for the second zone of distance relays when used in a mixed protection scheme with directional overcurrent relays. The technique consists of including the second zone operation time as a new variable in the original problem statement of optimal computation of directional overcurrent relays settings. It is shown that the influence of distance relays and directional overcurrent relays must be considered when the settings of these relays are computed. Numerical results obtained with the proposed method for a realistic power system are presented.
Error resilience aware motion estimation and mode selection for HEVC video transmission

Error concealment techniques such as motion copying require significant changes to HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) motion estimation process when incorporated in error resilience frameworks. This paper demonstrates a novel motion estimation mechanism incorporating the concealment impact from future coding frames to achieve an average 0.73 dB gain over the state-of-the-art.
Electronic herbarium and floristic diversity of dicot plants of Nagpur district (Maharashtra, India)

Electronic herbarium (digital database) is prepared by selecting various morphological characters (>200) with a number of possible variable states as a model. This work is done using software, DELTA (Description Language for Taxonomy) is a flexible and powerful method of recording taxonomic descriptions for computer processing is used for organizing a database of dicot plants of Nagpur district. The database contains about 856 species belonging to 498 genera and 120 families were incorporated along with full plant descriptions, family, botanical names (ICBN) and their synonyms, references, common and vernacular names, distribution in Nagpur district, present status of the plants in nature, socio-economic (including medicinal) uses of these plants and digital photographs. During the preparation of digital database of dicot plants of Nagpur district and after going through the literature it was found that some of plant species were recorded to be new to this region. It forms an important centre of data storage system for faster dispersal of plants information from one place to anywhere in the world.
School Completion Issues in Special Education

Students identified as having a high-incidence disability, including specific learning disability (SLD), behavior or emotional disability (BED), other health impairment (OHI) under Section 504, or mild intellectual disability (ID) have a difficult time completing high school. Specifically, the most recent Office of Special Education’s Annual Report (OSEP, 2008), reflective of state-reported data for the 2002–2003 school year, puts the overall school completion rate with a regular high school diploma at 52% for all students with disabilities. More specifically, the OSEP data show a 57% and 59% rate of completion for students with SLD and OHI, respectively. The respective rates for students with ID and BED are 37% and 35%. In contrast, students with visual or hearing impairments have reported rates that are 67% and 69%, respectively. On a positive note, the National Longitudinal Study–2, using a self-selected sample designed to be representative of national data, shows a small but positive increase in the overall number of high school graduates (Wagner, Newman, Cameto, Garza, & Levine, 2005). Their data shows parents and former students reporting a 72% rate of school completion (inclusive of standard and other diplomas or certificates). Regardless of which data base one uses, we clearly have a challenge of closing the school completion gap for our students. The closing of this gap becomes especially urgent given that one’s inability to complete high school combines with the nature and corresponding impact of their disability to greatly reduce their odds for becoming productive adults (Bullis, 2004). Before reading this special issue on school completion the reader should consider the social costs associated with the failure to complete high school. For example, social costs, while reflective of the general population of school dropouts inclusive of those having been served by special education programs, affect each of us as taxpayers. For starters, former students who fail to complete high school make up a disproportionate percentage of our nation’s prisoners.
Moclobemide and tricyclic antidepressants in severe depression: meta-analysis and prospective studies.

There is no generally accepted definition of severe depression, but hospitalization, high scores on rating scales, and the presence of psychotic symptoms are widely considered to be indicators of severe cases. For the purpose of this analysis of the antidepressant efficacy of the reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A moclobemide, all hospitalized cases were selected from the current database of comparative studies and compared with the standard tricyclics imipramine and clomipramine. The cases from comparisons of moclobemide and imipramine were analyzed together, because in accordance with the recommended range of doses, the dose ratio over all studies was approximately 3:1 (moclobemide: N = 238, mean dose, 453 mg/day; imipramine: N = 248, mean dose, 159 mg/day). The cases from comparisons of moclobemide and clomipramine could only be analyzed over all studies if dose was taken into account, because the dose ratio of approximately 3:1 was only given in one study (moclobemide: N = 62, mean dose, 466 mg/day; clomipramine: N = 66, mean dose, 154 mg/day), whereas the dose ratio over the other, earlier studies was approximately 2:1 (moclobemide: N = 58, mean dose, 258 mg/day; clomipramine, N = 59, mean dose, 124 mg/day). The efficacy as judged on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Global Assessment of Efficacy was analyzed for subgroups of inpatients, according to different severity bands (17-item HAM-D baseline total score, cut-off, 28 points) and according to the presence or absence of mood-congruent psychotic features. The results of our analysis failed to reveal any difference in efficacy between moclobemide and imipramine in any subgroup of hospitalized depressives, including patients in the highest HAM-D severity band and psychotic patients. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Quality of Life and Sexual Function After Traumatic Pelvic Fracture

Objectives: To provide evidence on the midterm sexual-function- and health-related quality-of-life outcome of patients with a traumatic pelvic fracture, as recorded at least 12 months after their surgery. Design: Prospective noncomparative study. Setting: Tertiary referral centre for pelvic-and-acetabular reconstruction. Patients and Participants: Cohort of patients attending a dedicated pelvic-and-acetabular reconstruction clinic because of blunt pelvic trauma, at a minimum of a year after their injury. Intervention: Operatively treated pelvic fractures and concomitant surgical interventions for associated injuries, if any, sustained by the patients after blunt trauma. Main Outcome Measures: Sexual function questionnaires: IIEF (international index of erectile function) and FSFI (female sexual function index). Quality of life was assessed with the EuroQol-5D questionnaire. Results: Of a cohort of 110 patients, 80 patients (48 males and 32 females) consented to participate with a median age of 46 years (range, 19–65 years). Of the above cohort, 62.5% were a result of road traffic accidents and 52.5% were classified as lateral compression type fractures. Assessment occurred at a median period of 36 months after injury (range, 12–96). Overall, significant decrease of their quality of life (P < 0.0001) and sexual function were recorded (males, P < 0.00014; females, P < 0.001). Sexual dysfunction was identified in 43.8% of the female and 52.1% of the male patients, as per the validated gender-specific sexual function scores (female sexual function index and international index of erectile function, respectively). Regression analysis identified the presence of urinary tract injury (P < 0.049) and open surgical treatment (P < 0.047) as independent risk factors for sexual dysfunction. A near significant association with injury severity score (P = 0.05) was seen. Male gender (P < 0.006), abdominal injury (P < 0.0001), pelvic fracture severity (P < 0.049), pain (P < 0.0001), and sexual dysfunction (P < 0.034) were identified as significant independent risk factors for decreased quality of life. Conclusions: All domains of female and male sexual function were significantly decreased at a minimum of a year after pelvic fracture. Quality of life was also significantly decreased in this group with sexual dysfunction shown to be an independent risk factor for decreased quality of life after injury. Further pivotal clinical studies should follow based on the provided evidence. High clinical suspicion and prompt engagement of appropriate multidisciplinary pathways, including urological, gynecological, and psychiatric consultations, is recommended. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Antimicrobial Peptides Protect Coho Salmon fromVibrio anguillarum Infections

ABSTRACT Fish losses from infectious diseases are a significant problem in aquaculture worldwide. Therefore, we investigated the ability of cationic antimicrobial peptides to protect against infection caused by the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. To identify effective peptides for fish, the MICs of certain antimicrobial peptides against fish pathogens were determined in vitro. Two of the most effective antimicrobial peptides, CEME, a cecropin-melittin hybrid peptide, and pleurocidin amide, a C-terminally amidated form of the natural flounder peptide, were selected for in vivo studies. A single intraperitoneal injection of CEME did not affect mortality rates in juvenile coho salmon infected with V. anguillarum, the causative agent of vibriosis. Therefore, the peptides were delivered continuously using miniosmotic pumps placed in the peritoneal cavity. Twelve days after pump implantation, the fish received intraperitoneal injections ofV. anguillarum at a dose that would kill 50 to 90% of the population. Fish receiving 200 μg of CEME per day survived longer and had significantly lower accumulated mortalities (13%) than the control groups (50 to 58%). Fish receiving pleurocidin amide at 250 μg per day also survived longer and had significantly lower accumulated mortalities (5%) than the control groups (67 to 75%). This clearly shows the potential for antimicrobial peptides to protect fish against infections and indicates that the strategy of overexpressing the peptides in transgenic fish may provide a method of decreasing bacterial disease problems.
Data-to-Text Generation Improves Decision-Making Under Uncertainty

Decision-making is often dependent on uncertain data, e.g. data associated with confidence scores or probabilities. This article presents a comparison of different information presentations for uncertain data and, for the first time, measures their effects on human decision-making, in the domain of weather forecast generation. We use a game-based setup to evaluate the different systems. We show that the use of Natural Language Generation (NLG) enhances decision-making under uncertainty, compared to state-of-the-art graphicalbased representation methods. In a task-based study with 442 adults, we found that presentations using NLG led to 24% better decision-making on average than the graphical presentations, and to 44% better decision-making when NLG is combined with graphics. We also show that women achieve significantly better results when presented with NLG output (an 87% increase on average compared to graphical presentations). Finally, we present a further analysis of demographic data and its impact on decision-making, and we discuss implications for future NLG systems.
Women ’ s Collaborative Interactions

Creative and intellectual partnerships are motivated and sustained along a variety of dimensions. One of these is the need for affirmation. The hard effort involved in sustained, productive work requires a sense of trust in oneself. The ability to develop such a sense is nourished and sustained in certain effective collaborative partnerships. Another important dimension of collaborative work is linked to developments in one's domain of endeavor. When scientists or artists are engaged in re-examining theories which are in conflict with new discoveries, insights, or perspectives, they find "thinking together" particularly productive. I have suggested that thinking collaboratively is particularly prevalent in the construction of a new framework. "In this way, researchers can overcome the grip of a dominant perspective" (John-Steiner, 1992, p. 103). The new jointly constructed framework can become the foundation of each individual's own novel directions of thought. Such a process is effectively described by Vygotsky's frequently quoted notion of the shift from the interpersonal to the intrapersonal level of functioning. In developing Vygotsky's sociogenetic notions further, Van der Veer and Valsiner (1991) suggest:
Researching Dance: Evolving Modes of Inquiry

In "Researching Dance," an introduction to research methods in dance addressed primarily to graduate students, the editors explore dance as evolutional, defining it in view of its intrinsic participatory values, its developmental aspects, and its purposes from art to ritual, and they examine the role of theory in research. The editors have also included essays by nine dancer-scholars who examine qualitative and quantitative inquiry and delineate the most common approaches for investigating dance, raising concerns about philosophy and aesthetics, historical scholarship, movement analysis, sexual and gender identification, cultural diversity, and the resources available to students. The writers have included study questions, research exercises, and suggested readings to facilitate the book s use as a classroom text. "
In localised prostate cancer, radical prostatectomy was associated with more sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence than radiation or active surveillance

Commentary on: Barocas DA, Alvarez J, Resnick MJ, et al . Association between radiation therapy, surgery, or observation for localized prostate cancer and patient-reported outcomes after 3 years. JAMA 2017;317:1126–40. Widespread prostate cancer (PCa) screening has reduced PCa mortality, but also leads to overdiagnosis. After diagnosis, men are faced with a variety of management options that often have similar rates of cure but considerable risks to quality of life (QoL). The Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Surgery and Radiation (CEASAR) study was developed to examine patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) after treatment for localised PCa.1 CEASAR is a prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort study composed of patients from five Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries and the …
Curing the menu blues in touch-tone voice interfaces

This paper presents a study on touch-tone menu design. In particular, we investigated whether short or long menus route callers more efficiently to the destination that can handle the call. A short menu offers a small number of broad selections, while a long menu offers a larger number of more specific choices. Results obtained from thousands of live calls to a commercial customer service center, show that callers route themselves more effectively using the long menu. In addition, in complex voice interfaces, using long menus reduces the number of menu layers required, thus reducing the need to navigate through multiple menu layers, one of the most severe usability problems of existing touch-tone interfaces.