Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acase For Two-way Skewed-associative Caches

We introduce a new organization for multi-bank caches: the skewed-associative cache. A two-way skewed-associative cache has the same hardware complexity as a two-way set-associative cache, yet simulations show that it typically exhibits the same hit ratio as a four-way set associative cache with the same size. Then skewed-associative caches must be preferred to set-associative caches. Until the three last years external caches were used and their size could be relatively large. Previous studies have showed that, for cache sizes larger than 64 Kbyt es, direct-mapped caches exhibit hit ratios nearly as good as set-associative caches at a lower hardware cost. Moreover, the cache hit time on a direct-mapped cache may be quite smaller than the cache hit time on a set-associative cache, because optimistic use of data jlowing out from the cache is quite natural. But now, microprocessors are designed with small on-chip caches. Performance of low-end microprocessor systems highly depends on cache behavior. Simulations show that using some associativity in on-chip caches allows to boost the performance of these low-end systems. When considering optimistic use of data (or instruction) jlowing out from the cache, the cache hit time of a two-way skewed-associative (or set-associative) cache is very close to the cache hit time of a direct-mapped cache. Therefore two-way skewed associative caches represent the best tradeoff for today microprocessors with on-chip caches whose sizes are in the range of 4-8K bytes.
Association Between Medicare Star Ratings for Patient Experience and Medicare Spending per Beneficiary for US Hospitals

Objective: To test the association between patient experience and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) spending at the hospital level. Methods: Using CMS Hospital Compare data set, we analyzed 2014 data for CMS patient experience star ratings and the hospital Medicare Spending per Beneficiary (MSPB) Measure, which assesses price-standardized, risk-adjusted payments for services provided to Medicare beneficiaries for an episode of care from 3 days before hospital admission to 30 days following discharge. We tested the association using linear regression, adjusting for complexity of care using hospital Case Mix Index (CMI) and for socioeconomic status of the hospital patient population using Disproportionate Share Hospital (DSH) status. Results: The MSPB decreased with increasing hospital patient experience ratings. After adjustment for CMI and DSH, better hospital patient experience was associated with lower spending per episode (5.6% decrease from the lowest to highest patient experience star rating). Conclusion: We found that better hospital patient experience was associated with lower health-care spending. Further research is needed to define what specific elements and phases of the episode of care are driving the association.
Blended intrinsic maps

This paper describes a fully automatic pipeline for finding an intrinsic map between two non-isometric, genus zero surfaces. Our approach is based on the observation that efficient methods exist to search for nearly isometric maps (e.g., Möbius Voting or Heat Kernel Maps), but no single solution found with these methods provides low-distortion everywhere for pairs of surfaces differing by large deformations. To address this problem, we suggest using a weighted combination of these maps to produce a "blended map. " This approach enables algorithms that leverage efficient search procedures, yet can provide the flexibility to handle large deformations. The main challenges of this approach lie in finding a set of candidate maps {mi} and their associated blending weights {bi(p)} for every point p on the surface. We address these challenges specifically for conformal maps by making the following contributions. First, we provide a way to blend maps, defining the image of p as the weighted geodesic centroid of mi(p). Second, we provide a definition for smooth blending weights at every point p that are proportional to the area preservation of mi at p. Third, we solve a global optimization problem that selects candidate maps based both on their area preservation and consistency with other selected maps. During experiments with these methods, we find that our algorithm produces blended maps that align semantic features better than alternative approaches over a variety of data sets.
Clinical Indices of Tobacco Use in People with Schizophrenia

ABSTRACT People with schizophrenia are more likely to smoke and less likely to quit than people in the general population. Several biological and environmental factors could interact to account for high smoking persistence in this population, including increased sensitivity to the reinforcing effects of nicotine or conditioned cues, beneficial effects of nicotine on symptoms or cognitive function, higher levels of craving or negative affect during abstinence, exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms during abstinence, and reduced motivation, self-efficacy or support for quitting. Controlled comparisons of responses to abstinence, cues and nicotine replacement in smokers with schizophrenia and equally-dependent smokers who do not have psychiatric illness may help to clarify the degree to which these biological and environmental factors may contribute to smoking persistence in people with schizophrenia. This chapter summarizes the research findings in this area and offers directions for future research.
The influence of situational emotions on the intention for sustainable consumer behaviour in a student-centred intervention

Within the curriculum guidelines for Bavaria, we designed a hands-on educational programme for teaching sustainability with regard to agriculture, food and consumerism, partly implemented on a farm as an out-of-school learning setting. The participants were fifth graders (N = 176). The research followed a quasi-experimental design and used the subscale consumerism of the General Ecological Behaviour Scale and situational emotions (interest, well-being, boredom) to focus data collection activities. The study monitored the students’ knowledge increase and their Inclusion of Nature in Self (INS) scores as possible influencing factors on environmental behaviour. After participation in the programme, while we found that the students intended to consume in more environmentally friendlier ways, this intention did not persistent over a seven-week time span, nor did it relate to the INS or knowledge scores. There was, however, a high correlation with positive situational emotions like interest (r = .46, p ⩽ .001) and well-being (r = .39, p ⩽ .001), and a negative correlation with boredom (r = −.42, p ⩽ .001). We conclude that the ‘effect’ of the programme immediately measured after the intervention was strongly linked to situational (short-term) emotions, and should be considered in educational planning as well as the evaluation of sustainability teaching and learning.
Inhibitory effects of interleukin-10 plasmid DNA on the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice

Interleukin (IL)-10 exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects by suppression of both T-help (Th) 1 and Th2 cells. Previous studies have reported that IL-10 can ameliorate various inflammatory disorders. The present study was performed to examine whether IL-10 plasmid DNA could suppress development of atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice, as an initial step towards the development of an appliance for use in dogs with AD. Intradermal injection of IL-10 plasmid DNA markedly inhibited the development of AD-like skin lesions, as evidenced by a marked decrease in skin symptoms and reduced inflammation within the skin lesions. Efficacy was confirmed by significant decreases in eosinophil ratio and serum IgE concentration, and a reduction in the number of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from the ear. Moreover, relative mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and interferon-γ in the skin lesions of mice injected with IL-10 plasmid DNA were also decreased compared with those of control mice. Of note, higher serum IL-10 levels in mice injected with IL-10 plasmid DNA were maintained compared with those in control mice. Taken together, the results indicate that IL-10 plasmid DNA can suppress the development of AD-like skin lesions by suppressing both Th1 and Th2 cell responses. Beneficial effects of IL-10 plasmid DNA may be expected in dogs with AD.
A new dietary strategy for long-term treatment of the metabolic syndrome is compared with the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines: the MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) project

The long-term effects of dietary strategies designed to combat the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a new dietary strategy based on macronutrient distribution, antioxidant capacity and meal frequency (MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) diet) for the treatment of the MetS when compared with the American Heart Association guidelines, used as Control. Subjects with the MetS (fifty-two men and forty-one women, age 49 (se 1) years, BMI 36·11 (se 0·5) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to one of two dietary groups. After a 2-month nutritional-learning intervention period, during which a nutritional assessment was made for the participants every 15 d, a 4-month self-control period began. No significant differences were found between the groups concerning anthropometry, but only the RESMENA group exhibited a significant decrease in body weight ( − 1·7 %; P= 0·018), BMI ( − 1·7 %; P= 0·019), waist circumference ( − 1·8 %; P= 0·021), waist:hip ratio ( − 1·4 %; P= 0·035) and android fat mass ( − 6·9 %; P= 0·008). The RESMENA group exhibited a significant decrease in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations ( − 26·8 %; P= 0·008 and − 14·0 %; P= 0·018, respectively), while the Control group exhibited a significant increase in glucose (7·9 %; P= 0·011), AST (11·3 %; P= 0·045) and uric acid (9·0 %; P< 0·001) concentrations. LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations were increased (Control group: 34·4 %; P< 0·001 and RESMENA group: 33·8 %; P< 0·001), but interestingly so were the LDL-C:apoB ratio (Control group: 28·7 %; P< 0·001, RESMENA group: 17·1 %; P= 0·009) and HDL-cholesterol concentrations (Control group: 21·1 %; P< 0·001, RESMENA group: 8·7; P= 0·001). Fibre was the dietary component that most contributed to the improvement of anthropometry, while body-weight loss explained changes in some biochemical markers. In conclusion, the RESMENA diet is a good long-term dietary treatment for the MetS.
Classroom Learning Model-Know Your Learner

30 Abstract-Engineering instructors start the lecture by introducing general principles followed by the mathematical models and make the students to practice in similar derivations. There are varieties of alternative inductive teaching approaches that an instructor must adopt to motivate the student to learn in a broad range. In this paper, an instructor would like to adopt inquiry based learning methodology but how to know the learners are ready to take up the method. An instructor cannot decide manually by asking simple questions, there is a need of specifi c methodology that will decide the learner characteristics. We develop a classroom learning model to know the kind of learners available in the classroom so that appropriate learning methodology can be adopted by an instructor. We attempt to know the learner characteristics in the classroom by applying the class discrimination mining technique on the relevant data that are collected from the questionnaire. The descriptive mining technique present the discrimination rule that decide the kind of learner available in the classroom. Accordingly teacher must decide to proceed further with inquiry based inductive learning methodology or the traditional deductive learning methods.
C-Type Lectin-Like Molecule-1

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor prognosis due to treatment-resistant relapses. A humanized anti-CD33 antibody (Mylotarg) showed a limited response rate in relapsed AML. To discover novel AML antibody targets, we selected a panel of single chain Fv fragments using phage display technology combined with flow cytometry on AML tumor samples. One selected single chain Fv fragment broadly reacted with AML samples and with myeloid cell lineages within peripheral blood. Expression cloning identified the antigen recognized as C-type lectin-like molecule-1 (CLL-1), a previously undescribed transmembrane glycoprotein. CLL-1 expression was analyzed with a human anti-CLL-1 antibody that was generated from the single chain Fv fragment. CLL-1 is restricted to the hematopoietic lineage, in particular to myeloid cells present in peripheral blood and bone marrow. CLL-1 is absent on uncommitted CD34+/CD38− or CD34+/CD33− stem cells and present on subsets of CD34+/CD38+ or CD34+/CD33+ progenitor cells. CLL-1 is not expressed in any other tissue. In contrast, analysis of primary AMLs demonstrated CLL-1 expression in 92% (68 of 74) of the samples. As an AML marker, CLL-1 was able to complement CD33, because 67% (8 of 12) of the CD33− AMLs expressed CLL-1. CLL-1 showed variable expression (10–60%) in CD34+ cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome but was absent in 12 of 13 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The AML reactivity combined with the restricted expression on normal cells identifies CLL-1 as a novel potential target for AML treatment.
Association between physical activity and health in German adolescents

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the relationships between physical activity and several health parameters in German adolescents. We predicted that the association between physical activity and physical and psychosocial health resources (physical and psychosocial characteristics that tend to enhance coping and well-being) would be stronger than the association between physical activity and health deficits. This research is based on a large representative, cross-sectional study (the German Health Interview and Examination Survey [KiGGS] and the Motoric-Module [MoMo]). Health was assessed using medical parameters, motor fitness data, and questionnaire data for various health-related parameters. To assess physical activity, the participants answered questions regarding the duration and intensity of weekly physical activity in leisure and organized sports. We tested our assumptions using a representative sample (N=2291; 50.5% boys) of German adolescents aged 11–17 years. Participants were classified as physically inactive (16.7%), somewhat active (24.7%), medium active (19.8%), active (14.4%) or highly active (24.4%), based on the duration and intensity of their weekly physical activity. In support of our hypothesis, the data revealed that the amount of physical activity explains up to 12.6% in the variance of physical and psychosocial health resources, but only 2.5% of the variance in physical and psychosocial health deficits. We conclude that the relationship between physical activity and health among adolescents should not only be viewed as a way of reducing health deficits, but should also focus on the enhancement of physical and psychosocial resources.
Yield Curve Prediction for the Strategic Investor

This paper presents a new framework allowing strategic investors to generate yield curve projections contingent on expectations about future macroeconomic scenarios. By consistently linking the shape and location of yield curves to the state of the economy our method generates predictions for the full yield-curve distribution under different assumptions on the future state of the economy. On the technical side, our model represents a regimeswitching expansion of Diebold and Li (2003) and hence rests on the Nelson-Siegel functional form set in state-space form. We allow transition probabilities in the regimeswitching set-up to depend on observed macroeconomic variables and thus create a link between the macro economy and the shape and location of yield curves and their time-series evolution. The model is successfully applied to US yield curve data covering the period from 1953 to 2004 and encouraging out-of-sample results are obtained, in particular at forecasting horizons longer than 24 months. JEL Classification: C51, C53, E44
Control of natural gas catalytic partial oxidation for hydrogen generation in fuel cell applications

A fuel processor that reforms natural gas to hydrogen-rich mixture to feed the anode field of fuel cell stack is considered. The first reactor that generates the majority of the hydrogen in the fuel processor is based on catalytic partial oxidation of the methane in the natural gas. We present a model-based control analysis and design for a fuel processing system (FPS) that manages natural gas flow and humidified atmospheric air flow in order to regulate 1) the amount of hydrogen in the fuel cell anode and 2) the temperature of the catalytic partial oxidation reactor during transient power demands from the fuel cell. Linear feedback analysis and design is used to identify the limitation of a decentralized controller and the benefit of a multivariable controller. Further analysis unveils the critical controller cross coupling term that contributes to the superior performance of the multivariable controller.
Data Mining in the Presence of Quantitatively and Qualitatively Diverse Information

The work under this grant has established several concepts for working with diverse data. As a first step, abstractions have been developed that appropriately represent the richness of data types such as sequence and graph data, and their combination with conventional data types such as Boolean (or item) data. As a second step towards integrating diverse data, techniques have been developed for establishing significance of attribute groups that correspond to a particular data source, and for finding significant relationships between attribute groups and Boolean attributes.
AB Aurigae Resolved: Evidence for Spiral Structure

We have obtained high angular resolution (~2'') images of the 13CO (J = 1 → 0) line and 2.7 mm continuum emission and slightly lower resolution images of 12CO (J = 1 → 0) and C18O (J = 1 → 0) line emission toward the Herbig Ae star AB Aurigae. We resolve a circumstellar disk of diameter 780 AU (FWHM) with a velocity pattern consistent with a purely rotational disk at inclination 21. °5 and position angle 58. °6. Using Keplerian disk models, we find a central-source dynamical mass of 2.8 ± 0.1 M☉ and a cutoff radius of 615 AU for the 13CO emission. The inclination, mass, and radius determined from 12CO and C18O observations agree with these values, given optical depth and abundance effects. As a result of the high angular resolution of our observations, we confirm the existence of spiral structure suggested by near-infrared scattered-light images and show that the spiral arms represent density contrasts in the disk.
Muscle synergies and complexity of neuromuscular control during gait in cerebral palsy

Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) have impaired movement due to a brain injury near birth. Understanding how neuromuscular control is altered in CP can provide insight into pathological movement. We sought to determine if individuals with CP demonstrate reduced complexity of neuromuscular control during gait compared with unimpaired individuals and if changes in control are related to functional ability.
The Organizational Culture Profile Revisited and Revised: An Australian Perspective

This paper examines the development and validation of an updated version of the Organizational Culture Profile (OCP) (O'Reilly, Chatman & Caldwell 1991). The current study aimed to overcome the limitations associated with the Q-sort methodology used in earlier versions by developing an instrument based on a Likert-type scale and using a large, Australia-wide sample of executives (N = 1918). Confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS (Arbuckle & Wothke 1999) was used to test the theoretically-derived factor structure. The psychometric properties of the seven-factor instrument were examined and provided evidence of the reliability and validity of the OCP. Using confirmatory factor analyses, competing models were specified and assessed according to a range of fit indices. A higher-order model produced the most parsimonious solution and indicated that innovation appeared to play a pivotal role in terms of executive perceptions of organizational culture. The further development of a rigorous instrument to evaluate perceptions of culture should encourage researchers and practitioners to use the instrument for empirical and diagnostic purposes.
Using game theory to analyze wireless ad hoc networks

The application of mathematical analysis to the study of wireless ad hoc networks has met with limited success due to the complexity of mobility and traffic models, the dynamic topology, and the unpredictability of link quality that characterize such networks. The ability to model individual, independent decision makers whose actions potentially affect all other decision makers renders game theory particularly attractive to analyze the performance of ad hoc networks. In this article we describe how various interactions in wireless ad hoc networks can be modeled as a game. This allows the analysis of existing protocols and resource management schemes, as well as the design of equilibrium-inducing mechanisms that provide incentives for individual users to behave in socially-constructive ways. We survey the recent literature on game theoretic analysis of ad hoc networks, highlighting its applicability to power control and waveform adaptation, medium access control, routing, and node participation, among others.
Analysis of the complex sign regressor least mean fourth adaptive algorithm

In this paper, expressions are derived for the steady-state and tracking excess-mean-square error (EMSE) of the complex sign regressor least mean fourth (SRLMF) adaptive algorithm. In addition, an expression for optimum step-size is also derived. Finally, it is shown that the theoretical results are consistent with the simulation results.
What Makes Boards Effective? An examination of the relationships between board inputs, structures, processes and effectiveness in non‐profit organisations

Based on a survey of charity boards in England and Wales this paper examines what influence board inputs, structures and processes have on board effectiveness. The findings provide mixed support for the normative literature on board effectiveness. Using stepwise logistic regression the research suggests that board inputs and three process variables are important in explaining board effectiveness, namely: board members have the time, skills and experience to do the job; clear board roles and responsibilities; the board and management share a common vision of how to achieve their goals; and the board and management periodically review how they work together.
Grammatical relations and grammatical categories in Malay. The Indonesian prefix meN - revisited

The lexical roots of Malay are flexible with regard to their grammatical categories, which presents a problem in providing grammatical evidence for their category determination. This paper attempts to propose the use of affixes as one way to deal with the issue. Data from Indonesian and Ambon (Malay) language are among others given for clarification. The grammatical evidence from Indonesian active meN-, together with other affixes, are revisited as they can contribute to our understanding of the matter.