Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of bacteriophage cocktails used in treating multiple -drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The occurrence of multiple drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains are increasing worldwide and limiting our therapeutic options. It is a major health concern due to increased antibiotic resistance (Strateva and Yordanov, 2009). More to the problem, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa often establishes itself in already compromised patients, such as those with cystic fibrosis or in hospitalized patients at intensive care units, resulting in lifethreatening infections (Folkesson et al., 2012). In the Middle East, war-associated injuries commonly become infected and antimicrobial drug resistant bacteria are well-described in these injuries including MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Franka et al., 2012). Accordingly, there is now a growing interest in the use of bacteriophage (phage) therapy for the control and treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections (Knezevic and Petrovic, 2008). Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and rapidly destroy bacteria. The name was formed from bacteria and phagein (to ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 11 (2014) pp. 711-722 http://www.ijcmas. com
我国英文科技论文中基金资助项目的数量与标注形式分析——以《Chinese Science Bulletin》和《Progress in Natural Science》为例

以2007—2008年《Chinese Science Bulletin》和《Progressin Natural Science》刊载的论文中所标注的基金资助项目为数据统计源,分析我国英文科技论文中基金资助项目的数量、资助机构及标注方式与规范。 2刊刊载的基金论文比例均高于90%,国家级基金资助及多项基金资助的论文占绝大多数。 对2刊的基金资助标注名称的表达进行了讨论,并提出了相关的建议。
Impact of creatine kinase correction on the predictive value of S-100B after mild traumatic brain injury.

PURPOSE To validate a correction factor for the extracranial release of the astroglial protein, S-100B, based on concomitant creatine kinase (CK) levels. METHODS The CK- S-100B relationship in non-head injured marathon runners was used to derive a correction factor for the extracranial release of S-100B. This factor was then applied to a separate cohort of 96 mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in whom both CK and S-100B levels were measured. Corrected S-100B was compared to uncorrected S-100B for the prediction of initial head CT, three-month headache and three-month post concussive syndrome (PCS). RESULTS Corrected S-100B resulted in a statistically significant improvement in the prediction of 3-month headache (area under curve [AUC] 0.46 vs 0.52, p=0.02), but not PCS or initial head CT. Using a cutoff that maximizes sensitivity (> or = 90%), corrected S-100B improved the prediction of initial head CT scan (negative predictive value from 75% [95% CI, 2.6%, 67.0%] to 96% [95% CI: 83.5%, 99.8%]). CONCLUSIONS Although S-100B is overall poorly predictive of outcome, a correction factor using CK is a valid means of accounting for extracranial release. By increasing the proportion of mild TBI patients correctly categorized as low risk for abnormal head CT, CK-corrected S100-B can further reduce the number of unnecessary brain CT scans performed after this injury.
5 questions-and answers-about negative pressure wound therapy.

Q: What is negative pressure wound therapy? A: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an adjunctive wound treatment that involves the application of a controlled level of subatmospheric pressure to a wound at 50 mm Hg to 175 mm Hg. 1 Generated by a portable programmable pump, the suction effect is
The novel and effective nonplatinum, nontaxane combination of gemcitabine and vinorelbine in advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma

Gemcitabine and vinorelbine are two of the most active third‐generation agents for the treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The authors conducted a formal Phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy of this combination in both untreated and previously treated patients with Stage IIIB (with pleural effusion) or Stage IV NSCLC.
Using Momentary Time Sampling to Estimate Minutes of Physical Activity in Physical Education

A number of major organizations and influential individuals involved in promoting physical activity have emphasized the importance of valid and reliable physical activity measures (Pate et al., 1995; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000). Given some of the problems with self-reported activity, many recommendations for monitoring physical activity have included objective measurement devices and direct observation (Dishman, 1994; Dishman & Buckworth, 1996; Freedson & Miller, 2000; Lamonte & Ainsworth, 2001; Sallis & Saelens, 2000; Welk, Corbin, & Dale, 2000). The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) is a direct observation system specifically developed for use during physical education (PE; McKenzie, 1991; McKenzie, Sallis, & Nader, 1991). Although the SOFIT has been used extensively to evaluate physical activity outcomes for large community-based studies of children’s health, such as the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH; Luepker et al., 1996) and Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids (SPARK; Sallis et al., 2003), only four published peerreviewed studies have validated its intensity categories (McKenzie et al., 1991; McKenzie, Sallis, & Armstrong, 1994; Pope, Coleman, Gonzalez, Barron, & Heath, 2002; Rowe, Schuldheisz, & van der Mars, 1997). Of these studies, only two were done during actual PE classes in which use of the SOFIT was likely to occur (McKenzie, Sallis et al., 1994; Pope et al., 2002), and one was published in abstract form only (McKenzie, Sallis et al., 1994). The data collected with the SOFIT are most commonly expressed as a percentage of lesson time during PE devoted to a specific physical activity intensity (Luepker et al., 1996; McKenzie, Strickmiller, & Stone, 1994; Heath & Coleman, 2002). It is not a direct measure of the time spent in an activity but an estimate based on a behavioral observation every 20 s throughout the PE period. Because of this estimation method, the SOFIT may not accurately reflect the actual time children spend in a particular intensity category, such as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). All recommendations for physical activity for adults and children have included intensity, frequency, and duration (Council on Physical Education for Children, 2004; Pate et al., 1995; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1996). To expand the use of the SOFIT as an indicator of children’s activity in relation to public health guidelines, its scores must be established as valid indicators of both the intensity and the time spent in various types of activity. The purpose of this study was to validate the estimates of time spent in various physical activity intensities obtained with the paper and pencil versions of the five(McKenzie et al., 1991) and six-category (Pope et al., 2002) Using Momentary Time Sampling to Estimate Minutes of Physical Activity in Physical Education: Validation of Scores for the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time
Finding more trustworthy answers: Various trustworthiness factors in question answering

In the recent explosion of Web information, it is important to find not only appropriate, but also more trustworthy answers to user questions. This paper proposes an improved ranking model for question answering (QA) which is focused on various answer trustworthiness factors. Contrary to past research that simply focused on document quality, we have identified three different answer trustworthiness factors in multiple layers of answering processes: document quality, authority and reputation of answer sources, and appropriateness of answering method for a given question. Each of these factors is used in the answer selection as an input to the ranking scheme that can be tuned for the confidence value for a particular answer candidate. Through several experiments, we analysed the efficacy of our QA model from two points of view: indexing and answering. In indexing, distilling unreliable documents brings not only a 96% reduction in document size but also a 92% speed increase in indexing time. To reveal the effect of trustworthiness factors in answering, we conducted several experiments to determine the optimum combination of weights of sub-features for trustworthiness factors. Finally, the proposed method using all answer trustworthiness factors obtained an improvement in effectiveness over the simple routing QA by 150% in Top1. We also investigated improvement impacts according to answer trustworthiness factors.
Modelling elderly patients’ perception of the community pharmacist image when providing professional services*

Abstract Professional pharmaceutical services may impact on patient’s health behaviour as well as influence on patients’ perceptions of the pharmacist image. The Health Belief Model predicts health-related behaviours using patients’ beliefs. However, health beliefs (HBs) could transcend beyond predicting health behaviour and may have an impact on the patients’ perceptions of the pharmacist image. This study objective was to develop and test a model that relates patients’ HBs to patient’s perception of the image of the pharmacist, and to assess if the provision of pharmacy services (Intervention group-IG) influences this perception compared to usual care (Control group). A qualitative study was undertaken and a questionnaire was created for the development of the model. The content, dimensions, validity and reliability of the questionnaire were pre-tested qualitatively and in a pilot mail survey. The reliability and validity of the proposed model were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to explain relationships between dimensions of the final model and to analyse differences between groups. As a result, a final model was developed. CFA concluded that the model was valid and reliable (Goodness of Fit indices: x²(80) = 125.726, p = . 001, RMSEA = . 04, SRMR = . 04, GFI = . 997, NFI = . 93, CFI = . 974). SEM indicated that ‘Perceived benefits’ were significantly associated with ‘Perceived Pharmacist Image’ in the whole sample. Differences were found in the IG with also ‘Self-efficacy’ significantly influencing ‘Perceived pharmacist image’. A model of patients’ HBs related to their image of the pharmacist was developed and tested. When pharmacists deliver professional services, these services modify some patients’ HBs that in turn influence public perception of the pharmacist.
Vortices and the Couette flow of helium II.

The critical Reynolds number at which the Couette flow of helium II becomes unstable is calculated at different temperatures from a linear stability analysis of the Hall-Vinen-Bekeravich-Khalatnikov equations. The results are in good agreement with a recent experiment of Swanson and Donnelly. The spatial structure of the flow at the onset is investigated and it is found to be very different from classical Taylor vortex flow.
Design, Identification, and Control of a Flexure-Based XY  Stage for Fast Nanoscale Positioning

The design, identification, and control of a novel, flexure-based, piezoelectric stack-actuated XY nanopositioning stage are presented in this paper. The main goal of the design is to combine the ability to scan over a relatively large range (25times25 mum) with high scanning speed. Consequently, the stage is designed to have its first dominant mode at 2.7 kHz. Cross-coupling between the two axes is kept to -35 dB, low enough to utilize single-input--single-output control strategies for tracking. Finite-element analysis (FEA) is used during the design process to analyze the mechanical resonance frequencies, travel range, and cross-coupling between the X- and Y-axes of the stage. Nonlinearities such as hysteresis are present in such stages. These effects, which exist due to the use of piezoelectric stacks for actuation, are minimized using charge actuation. The integral resonant control method is applied in conjunction with feedforward inversion technique to achieve high-speed and accurate scanning performances, up to 400 Hz.
Low Molecular Weight Poly(Lactide-co-Caprolactone) for Tissue Adhesion and Tetracycline Hydrochloride Controlled Release in Wound Management

The use of biopolymers as bioadhesives for human tissue is becoming a preferred alternative to suturing due to their superior adhesive, biocompatible, and biodegradable properties. In this work, low molecular weight poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (P(LA-co-CL) was synthesized to achieve the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymer at ambient temperature so that during application on the skin, the copolymer when combined with chitosan (CHI) into the CHI/P(LA-co-CL) film could provide the strong support at the injury site. Using alcohols with different numbers of hydroxyl groups as the co-initiator in polymerization provided the distinctive characteristics of copolymers. Among all copolymers synthesized, P(LA-co-CL) copolymer using pentaerythritol as the co-initiator when combined with CHI at the ratio of copolymer/CHI at 70/30 yielded the good film properties in tissue adhesion and tetracycline hydrochloride release.
Hydrogen sulfide attenuates lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammation by inhibition of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase in microglia

The present study attempts to investigate the effect of H2S on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced inflammation in both primary cultured microglia and immortalized murine BV‐2 microglial cells. We found that exogenous application of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) (a H2S donor, 10–300 μmol/L) attenuated LPS‐stimulated nitric oxide (NO) in a concentration‐dependent manner. Stimulating endogenous H2S production decreased LPS‐stimulated NO production, whereas lowering endogenous H2S level increased basal NO production. Western blot analysis showed that both exogenous and endogenous H2S significantly attenuated the stimulatory effect of LPS on inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, which is mimicked by SB 203580, a specific p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. Exogenously applied NaHS significantly attenuated LPS‐induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation in BV‐2 microglial cells. Moreover, both NaHS (300 μmol/L) and SB 203580 (1 μmol/L) significantly attenuated LPS‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α secretion, another inflammatory indicator. In addition, NaHS (10–300 μmol/L) dose‐dependently decreased LPS‐stimulated NO production in primary cultured astrocytes, suggesting that the anti‐neuroinflammatory effect of H2S is not specific to microglial cells alone. Taken together, H2S produced an anti‐inflammatory effect in LPS‐stimulated microglia and astrocytes, which may be due to inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. These findings may have important implications in the treatment of neuroinflammation‐related diseases.
Simultaneous versus Delayed Treatment of Tobacco Dependence in Alcohol-Dependent Outpatients

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of smoking among heavy drinkers, which is often forgotten even though it has important health consequences. Aim: To evaluate the effects that providing an intensive tobacco cessation treatment simultaneously with alcohol dependence treatment versus delayed treatment (first alcohol and 6 months later tobacco) has on alcohol and tobacco consumption. Methods: Ninety-two alcohol-dependent smokers were randomized into either a simultaneous group, in which treatment was given concurrently for quitting both alcohol and tobacco, or a delayed group, in which help to quit smoking was given after 6 months. Results: No differences were found in alcohol abstinence rates in time-to-first relapse or in cumulative abstinence at 6 months. Smoking cessation rates were low overall, but better at 3 months in the simultaneous group, although differences later disappeared. Discussion: Participation in a smoking cessation program does not impair alcohol outcomes, at least during the first 6 months.
What Can Secondary School Students Teach Educators and School Nurses About Student Engagement in Health Promotion? A Scoping Review

Student engagement represents a critical component of a comprehensive school health (CSH) approach to health promotion. Nevertheless, questions remain about its implementation. This scoping review updates the field of student engagement in health promotion. Of the 1,388 located articles, 14 qualify for inclusion in this study. An analysis reveals four themes. CSH programs that incorporate student engagement promote a sense of belonging to a community, encourage meaningful involvement, give voice to student concerns, and advance supportive relationships. This study finds a lack of research regarding student engagement in health promotion but confirms that student participation in CSH initiatives contributes to a sense of ownership. Consequently, we can infer that student ownership of health promotion takes place through their meaningful engagement and can effect social change.
The detection of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow from colorectal‐cancer patients by a cytokeratin‐20‐specific nested reverse‐transcriptase‐polymerase‐chain reaction is related to the stage of disease

The dissemination of cancer cells is a prerequisite in the development of micrometastases and solid metastases. Our previous examinations of these cells were based on immunocytological staining of tumor‐associated antigens and cytokeratins. We have now developed a highly sensitive and specific detection method based on a nested reverse‐transcriptase‐polymerase‐chain reaction (RT‐PCR) of cytokeratin‐20 (CK‐20) mRNA. Using this method, we examined the bone marrow of 57 patients with colorectal cancer and detected increasing numbers of CK‐20‐positive samples, depending on the UICC stage. Some 35% of all bone‐marrow samples tested positive for CK‐20: none were found in colorectal cancer stage I, 24% were in stage II, 31% in stage III and 71% in stage IV. Investigation of bone‐marrow specimens of patients with pancreatic cancer showed that 4 out of 11 patients were positive for CK‐20 mRNA. To confirm that sample positivity for CK‐20 expression was due to disseminated tumor cells, we examined bone marrow from a control group (n = 16) without apparent carcinoma. In this group, 15 out of 16 donors were CK‐20‐negative, while one donor with familial adenomatous polyposis showed a CK‐20‐specific signal. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploration and search-by-similarity in CBIR

We deal with content-based image indexing and category retrieval in general databases. When large categories are searched, systems must explore the database. We introduce an interactive retrieval strategy designed for database exploration. The technique is based on a compound query and a dedicated similarity function. The usual strategy based on a similarity score ranking is replaced by a stochastic image selection process. A competition between feature spaces for the similarity measure refinement is also included in the strategy. A quality assessment is realized on a general database of 6000 images in order to illustrate and validate our approach.
Universal Dependencies are Hard to Parse – or are They?

Universal Dependency (UD) annotations, despite their usefulness for cross-lingual tasks and semantic applications, are not optimised for statistical parsing. In the paper, we ask what exactly causes the decrease in parsing accuracy when training a parser on UD-style annotations and whether the effect is similarly strong for all languages. We conduct a series of experiments where we systematically modify individual annotation decisions taken in the UD scheme and show that this re-sults in an increased accuracy for most, but not for all languages. We show that the encoding in the UD scheme, in particular the decision to encode content words as heads, causes an increase in dependency length for nearly all treebanks and an increase in arc direction entropy for many languages, and evaluate the effect this has on parsing accuracy.
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, update March 2016

The following sequences have been submitted to the Nomenclature Committee since the February 2016 nomenclature update and, following agreed policy, have been assigned official allele designations (Marsh et al., 2010). Full details of all sequences will be published in a forthcoming report. Below are listed the newly assigned sequences (Table 1) and confirmations of previously reported sequences (Table 2). The accession number of each sequence is given and these can be used to retrieve the sequence files from the EMBL, GenBank or DDBJ data libraries. Although accession numbers have been assigned by the data libraries and most sequences are already available, there is still the possibility that an author may not yet have allowed the sequence to be released; in such a case, you will have to contact the submitting author directly. Additional information pertaining to new sequences is often included in the publications describing these alleles; a listing of recent publications that describe new HLA sequences is given in Table 3. The allele B*07:44 has been shown to contain an alternative splice site that produces an abnormal, truncated protein – as such, an N suffix has been added to the name making it B*07:44N. Additionally, the sequences A*23:69 and DRB1*08:01:03 have been shown to contain errors and be identical to A*23:01:01 and DRB1*08:01:01, respectively – the names A*23:69 and DRB1*08:01:03 have been abandoned. All new and confirmatory sequences should now be submitted directly to the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System via the IMGT/ HLA Database using the sequence submission tool provided (Robinson et al., 2015). The IMGT/HLA Database may be accessed via the World Wide Web at: www.ebi. ac.uk/ipd/imgt/hla.
Identification of the fuel-thrust dynamics of a gas turbo engine

The dynamical model of the fuel-rate to thrust of a laboratory turbo reactor engine is experimentally identified. By applying recursive least squares identification several linear models corresponding to various operating conditions are obtained. In addition, the analysis of the characteristics of the engine shows the presence of a hysteresis loop. These models are combined in order to form a nonlinear dynamical model of the process. The resulting nonlinear model captures the dynamics over the whole operating range of the engine. The results are validated through real time experimental tests. Although there are several reports on gas-turbo-engine identification, models of the fuel-ratio to thrust dynamics are not commonly reported.
Sensorless adaptive optics implementation in widefield optical sectioning microscopy inside in vivo Drosophila brain

Abstract. We present an implementation of a sensorless adaptive optics loop in a widefield fluorescence microscope. This setup is designed to compensate for aberrations induced by the sample on both excitation and emission pathways. It allows fast optical sectioning inside a living Drosophila brain. We present a detailed characterization of the system performances. We prove that the gain brought to optical sectioning by realizing structured illumination microscopy with adaptive optics down to 50 μm deep inside living Drosophila brain.
Simple design of equiripple square root pulse shaping filter

In this paper, we introduce a simple design method for a square root type raised cosine filter (SRCF) with equiripple characteristics. Through some design examples, we show that the proposed filter has a much better performance in ripple than the conventional SRCF at the expense of a small increase of ISI. In addition, the proposed filter is compatible with the conventional SRCF. Finally, we design a filter for W-CDMA which uses RRC (Root Raised Cosine) with a=0.22, in 12 bit finite precision.