Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Increasing Positive Perceptions of Counseling

This study assesses the effectiveness of repeated exposures to a video intervention based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model. The video was designed to increase help-seeking attitudes and perceptions of peer norms and to decrease the stigma associated with seeking counseling. Participants were 290 undergraduates who were randomly assigned to a repeated-exposure video intervention, a single-exposure video intervention, or a control video condition. Participants completed measures pre- and post-intervention and at a 3-week follow-up. Those in the repeated-exposure intervention improved significantly more than the single-exposure and control groups on help-seeking attitudes and perception of peer norms but not for stigma. The effect of repeated exposures on attitudes and peer norms showed both immediate and longer term effects. Effective, empirically supported interventions capable of reaching large numbers of people are necessary to improve utilization rates of counseling services. This study offers support for the use of repeated video interventions in changing attitudes and perceptions of counseling.
The Response of Custodial Care Networks to the Needs of Custodial Grandparents and their Adult Children: A Framework Based on Four Caregiving Situations

ABSTRACT The quality of the relationship between custodial grandparents or kin caregivers and the biological parent may have an affect on the ability of kin care or, “grandfamilies,” to obtain help from social and educational services, including child welfare, and to provide a safe living arrangement for the child. The custodial care network consists of the biological parent, custodial grandparent(s), friends, other relatives, educational institutions, and social service organizations. The authors of this paper present a theoretical framework for assessing and addressing the ability of the custodial care network to help children in custodial care homes. Using questions that have been posed by custodial grandparents in a statewide, “relatives as parents program,” in West Virginia, as evidence of need for information and assistance, the framework addresses four custodial care situations and makes suggestions for family preparation as well as resource development by social service and educational personnel. The underlying assumption is that the stronger the relationship between the biological parent/adult child and the custodial grandparent, the more likely it is that other members of the custodial care network can assist the family in raising the child without the child entering the formal child welfare system.
Modeling the impact of the components of long work hours on injuries and "accidents".

BACKGROUND Many of the industrial disasters of the last few decades, including Three Mile island, Chernobyl, Bhopal, Exxon Valdez, and the Estonia ferry, have occurred in the early hours of the morning. Follow-up investigations concluded that they were at least partially attributable to human fatigue and/or error. The potential impact of long work hours on health and safety is a major concern that has resulted in various work hour regulations. METHODS The risk of injuries and "accidents" (incidents) associated with features of work schedules from published epidemiological studies are pooled using an additive model to form a "Risk Index. " The estimated risks of an incident for various standard work schedules are presented using the proposed model. RESULTS The estimated risk of an injury or accident associated with any given number of weekly work hours varies substantially depending on how work hours are comprised. The risk depends on the length and type of shift, as well as the frequency of rest breaks. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that placing a limit on the risk associated with a particular work schedule is likely more effective than setting daily, weekly or monthly work hour regulations in keeping workplace safety within acceptable limits.
The Incremental Mining of Constrained Cube Gradients

The mining of cube gradients is an extension of traditional association rules mining in data cube and has broad applications. In this paper, we consider the problem of mining constrained cube gradients for partially materialized data cubes. Its purpose is to extract interesting gradient-probe cell pairs from partially materialized cubes while adding or deleting cells. Instead of directly searching the new data cubes from scratch, an incremental mining algorithm IncA is presented, which sufficiently uses the mined cube gradients from old data cubes. In our algorithms, the condensed cube structure is used to reduce the sizes of materialized cubes. Moreover, some efficient methods are presented in IncA to optimize the comparison process of cell pairs. The performance studies show the incremental mining algorithm IncA is more efficient and scalable than the directed mining algorithm DA with different constraints and sizes of materialized data cubes.
Extralesional Detection and Load of Human Papillomavirus DNA: A Possible Marker of Preclinical Tumor Spread in Cervical Cancer

Objective. Because the interaction between viral DNA products and cellular regulatory mechanisms is the first step leading to cancerous transformation, the detection of its presence in histologically negative lymph nodes may represent a very early biological step in cancer spread. The quantitative estimate may represent and an indirect sign of active cellular replication. Materials and Methods. Cervical and lymph nodes tissues of 13 cases of invasive cervical cancer were analyzed for human papillomavirus (HPV)-DNA presence and viral load by HPV typing and quantification by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. HPV-DNA was demonstrated in all tissue samples (primary tumor, positive lymph nodes, negative lymph nodes) with the most prevalence of HPV 16 (61.5%) and single-type infection (69.3%), whereas viral load (mean quantity of DNA copies) is statistically different in negative versus positive lymph nodes (p =.005). Conclusions. Concordance of viral type and lymph nodes viral load may represent as a useful tool in identifying early metastatic risk of tumor spread.
Hazard Perception in Emergency Service Responders

Collisions may be particularly risky for emergency medical services (EMS) and the patients they transport. Because of experiences with lights-and-sirens operations, EMS may have advantages in their perception of hazards, avoidance of which is critical to driving safety. To examine if differences in hazard perception between EMS and civilians exist, 29 EMS professionals, and 24 civilians were recruited to participate in a study of hazard perception. The dynamic hazard perception test assessed participants’ response latency to hazards in a series of 95 driving videos. There were no differences in simple reaction time between the groups. Compared to civilians, EMS demonstrated an advantage in hazard perception reaction time (HPRT). Within the profession, experienced EMS did not reveal faster HPRT compared to their less-experienced counterparts. Overall, these findings suggest that differences in experience due to emergency vehicle operations may have improved EMS hazard perception latency.
Disruption of Coordinated Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Maturation Underlies the Defects in Hippocampal Synapse Stability and Plasticity in Abl2/Arg-Deficient Mice

Immature glutamatergic synapses in cultured neurons contain high-release probability (Pr) presynaptic sites coupled to postsynaptic sites bearing GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs), which mature into low-Pr, GluN2B-deficient synapses. Whether this coordinated maturation of high-Pr, GluN2B+ synapses to low-Pr, GluN2B-deficient synapses actually occurs in vivo, and if so, what factors regulate it and what role it might play in long-term synapse function and plasticity are unknown. We report that loss of the integrin-regulated Abl2/Arg kinase in vivo yields a subpopulation of “immature” high-Pr, GluN2B+ hippocampal synapses that are maintained throughout late postnatal development and early adulthood. These high-Pr, GluN2B+ synapses are evident in arg−/− animals as early as postnatal day 21 (P21), a time that precedes any observable defects in synapse or dendritic spine number or structure in arg−/− mice. Using focal glutamate uncaging at individual synapses, we find only a subpopulation of arg−/− spines exhibits increased GluN2B-mediated responses at P21. As arg−/− mice age, these synapses increase in proportion, and their associated spines enlarge. These changes coincide with an overall loss of spines and synapses in the Arg-deficient mice. We also demonstrate that, although LTP and LTD are normal in P21 arg−/− slices, both forms of plasticity are significantly altered by P42. These data demonstrate that the integrin-regulated Arg kinase coordinates the maturation of presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments in a subset of hippocampal synapses in vivo, and this coordination is critical for NMDAR-dependent long-term synaptic stability and plasticity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Synapses mature in vitro from high-release probability (Pr) GluN2B+ to low-Pr, GluN2B−, but it is unknown why this happens or whether it occurs in vivo. High-Pr, GluN2B+ synapses persist into early adulthood in Arg-deficient mice in vivo and have elevated NMDA receptor currents and increased structural plasticity. The persistence of these high-Pr, GluN2B+ synapses is associated with a net synapse loss and significant disruption of normal synaptic plasticity by early adulthood. Together, these observations suggest that the maturation of high-Pr, GluN2B+ synapses to predominantly low-Pr, GluN2B− synapses may be essential to preserving a larger dynamic range for plasticity while ensuring that connectivity is distributed among a greater number of synapses for optimal circuit function.
Instruments to Assess Organizational Readiness for Evidence-Based Practice

In this department, Dr Newhouse highlights hot topics in nursing outcomes, research, and evidence-based practice relevant to the nurse administrator. The goal is to discuss the practical implications for nurse leaders in diverse healthcare settings. Content includes evidence-based projects and decision making, locating measurement tools for quality improvement and safety projects, using outcome measures to evaluate quality, practice implications of administrative research, and exemplars of projects that demonstrate innovative approaches to organizational problems. In this article, the author discusses the importance of assessing the readiness of the organization in accelerating evidence-based practice initiatives and provides a description and references of potential instruments to measure organizational readiness.
NEW HISTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DEMONSTRATION OF TISSUE OXIDASE (CYTOCHROME OXIDASE)

A group of complex naphthols, as well as open chain and cyclic methylene compounds, were found to be useful new reagents for the demonstration of tissue oxidase in conjunction with N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine. The methylene compounds constitute a new class of histochemical reagents. N-alkyl amines (e.g. N,N-dimethyl arylamines) are toxic to the enzyme and are to be avoided. Complex amines are inhibitory and are likewise not recommended. As with the original "Nadi" technique, the reaction was inhibited by cyanide, azide, and sulfide. The distribution of staining in tissues was essentially identical with all reagents. Although the reaction was augmented by cytochrome c, this expensive reagent is not neeeded with the present techniques. The indoaniline and azamethine dyes produced are highly insoluble and result in permanent or relatively permanent preparations. Most of the dyes are capable of complexing with mercury, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, cadmium, lead, uranium, and iron, and thus may have potential applications in electron microscopy. Among the naphthols 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (IV), 1-hydroxy-2-acetonaphthone (V), and a derivative of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide (IX) are very useful couplers. Useful methylene compounds are exemplified by 1-phenyl-3(m-nitrobenzamidopyrazolone) (XII), naphthol AS-LG (XVIII), and naphthol AS-L3G (XX). Use of methylene compounds results in highly stable incubating solutions. All substrates are commercially available and inexpensive. Unfixed frozen sections mounded on glass slides were used. Considerable caution must be exercised in attempts to localize oxidative enzyme activity at the cytologiocal level in unfixed frozen sections. This is due to the disruption of mitochondria and other cytological constituents which may occur during freezing and thawing. An alternative technique was evolved. This consisted of incubating fresh tissue slices, freezedrying them, followed by embedding in paraffin. Sections were then cut, dewaxed, and mounted. Preliminary results indicate that tissue oxidase may also be demonstrated using a mixture of amines (e.g., N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine and 2-methoxy-N-phenylenediamine) which are capable of forming complex azine dyes. The possibility of demonstrating other enzymes of the oxidase dehydrogenase complex warrants further investigation.
When vying reveals lying: the timed antagonistic response alethiometer

Two experiments tested a new computer-based lie-detection technique. The Timed Antagonistic Response Alethiometer (TARA) manufacturers a situation in which, if respondents lie, they must perform two incompatible tasks, whereas if they tell the truth, they can perform two compatible ones. Both tasks involve repeatedly classifying target and control statements as true or false. The incompatible task combination, being more difficult, takes longer to complete correctly; hence, slower responses diagnose dishonesty. Experiment 1 found that, while concurrently classifying control statements honestly, participants invariably took longer to classify target statements dishonestly than honestly. Exploiting this effect, Experiment 2 found that separate groups of liars and truth-tellers could be distinguished with about 85% accuracy. The properties and potential of the technique are discussed.
Enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli strains belonging to a new O group, O167

A new Escherichia coli O group, O167, is described. Its O antigen is related to that of Shigella boydii 3. A total of 29 strains belonging to the new O group were examined. Three strains were determined to be invasive by the Sereny test and by tissue culture tests and were non-enterotoxigenic. All three were nonmotile and failed to decarboxylate lysine. A total of 26 strains were noninvasive. Of these, 25 were motile, 24 decarboxylated lysine, and 19 were enterotoxigenic, 17 producing heat-stable enterotoxin only and 2 producing heat-labile enterotoxin only. This is the first description of the occurrence of enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive strains in the same E. coli O group.
The Effect of Arthrospira platensis Capsules on CD4 T-Cells and Antioxidative Capacity in a Randomized Pilot Study of Adult Women Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Not under HAART in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Dietary supplements are often used to improve the nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). Arthrospira platensis (Asp), also known as Spirulina, is a cyanobacterium rich in proteins and micronutrients. Cell and animal trials described immune-modulating, antiretroviral and antioxidant activities. This pilot study describes the effects of the supplementation of 5 g/day of Asp on a pre-highly-active antiretroviral therapy (pre-HAART), HIV-infected, adult female population. It was conducted as a three-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared a cup supplementation of five grams/day of Asp with a placebo of equal protein content and energy. The study included 73 HIV-infected women. The immediate outcome variables were CD4 T-cells, viral load and immune activation by CD8 T-cells expressing CD38. The antioxidant status was assessed by way of the total antioxidant capacity of the serum (TAOS). The renal function was documented by way of creatinine, urea and the calculated glomerular filtration rate. Statistical analyses were carried out with non-parametric tests, and the effect size of each interaction was calculated. No differences in the immunological and virological markers between the Asp and the placebo group could be observed. In the placebo group, 21 of 30 patients (70%) developed concomitant events, while in the Asp group, only 12 of 28 patients (43%) did. Both groups registered a significant weight increase; 0.5 kg (p < 0.05) in the Asp group and 0.65 kg (p < 0.05) in the placebo group. The antioxidant capacity increase of 56 (1–98) µM for Asp was significantly different from the decrease observed in the placebo group (p < 0.001). A slight increase in the creatinine level of 0.1 g/dL (p < 0.001) was observed in the Asp group, and no effect was observed in the urea levels. The improvement of the antioxidant capacity under Asp, shown for the first time on PLHIV, could become a focus for future research on the nutritional and health effects of Spirulina. The observed slight, but significant increase of serum creatinine needs further evaluation, especially with varying doses of Asp.
Children's knowledge about drawing techniques for the differential depiction of characterised stimuli

The literature offers contrasting findings about whether children vary their graphic response when asked to draw an affectively characterised topic (Thomas, Chaigne & Fox, 1989; Jolley, 1995). However, research has shown that, under specified experimental conditions, children will vary the formal properties of their drawings of topics characterised as nice or nasty. Children have been shown to increase the size of positively characterised figures (Burkitt, 1999; Cleeve & Bradbury, 1992; Thomas, Chagine & Fox, 1989) and reduce the size of negatively characterised topics (Burkitt, 1999; Craddick, 1961, 1963; Thomas, Chaigne & Fox, 1989). It has also been found that children will alter their choice of colour for differentially affectively characterised versions of the same topic (Burkitt, 1999). Such findings can be viewed from the perspective of children’s graphic flexibility being manipulated via task instructions. Such observations have been made extensively within research investigating cognitive-procedural influences on children’s drawings (e.g. Freeman, 1980; Barrett & Bridson, 1983; Light & Simmons, 1983; Sutton & Rose, 1998). However, relatively little work has documented the flexibility of children’s representational strategies in response to affectively characterised stimuli within an experimental drawing situation.
Lessons Learned After Redesigning a Personal Health Record

On May 2016, our institution implemented a redesign of the personal health record (PHR) with the aim of enhancing its use. The objective of this research was to know and to understand end users' opinions as regards PH functionalities and the difficulties they have addressed while using the new PHR version. Research was based on a self administered survey, patient interviews and focus groups performed with out-patients. Topics examined: ways of access to the PHR log-in web page, frequency of use, type of device, most used functionalities, the different uses patients gave to PHR, perception as regards the redesign. This research allowed us to know the uses patients give to the PHR in this institution and to understand the difficulties they found in what refers to its re-design. This information constitutes the clue to motivate and accompany PHR users in the process of adoption of a patient portal.
Long-term Monitoring of Molonglo Calibrators

Abstract Before and after every 12 hour synthesis observation, the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) measures the flux densities of ∼5 compact extragalactic radio sources, chosen from a list of 55 calibrators. From 1984 to 1996, the MOST made some 58,000 such measurements. We have developed an algorithm to process this dataset to produce a light curve for each source spanning this thirteen-year period. We find that 18 of the 55 calibrators are variable, on time scales between one and ten years. There is the tendency for sources closer to the Galactic Plane to be more likely to vary, which suggests that the variability is a result of refractive scintillation in the Galactic interstellar medium. The sources with the flattest radio spectra show the highest levels of variability, an effect possibly resulting from differing orientations of the radio axes to the line of sight.
Analysis of Sport Orientation of Female Collegiate Athletes

Scores on three subscales of the Sport Orientation Questionnaire were analyzed to assess whether competitive orientation of 40 female athletes differed from that of 36 nonparticipants and whether competitive orientation differentiated among athletes participating in different sports. Intercollegiate women athletes from three sports (basketball = 12; Softball = 16; and volleyball = 12) and a control group of 36 women who did not participate in athletics were respondents. Scores on Win and Competition significantly discriminated among groups. Scores of the control group were significantly lower than those of each group of athletes. No other comparisons were significant.
Classical Deviation: Organizational and Individual Status as Antecedents of Conformity

Beside making organizations look like their peers through the adoption of similar attributes (which we call alignment), this paper highlights the fact that conformity also enables organizations to stand out by exhibiting highly salient attributes key to their field or industry (which we call conventionality). Building on the conformity and status literatures, and using the case of major U.S. symphony orchestras and the changes in their concert programing between 1879 and 1969, we hypothesize and find that middle-status organizations are more aligned, and middle-status individual leaders make more conventional choices than their low- and high-status peers. In addition, the extent to which middle-status leaders adopt conventional programming is moderated by the status of the organization and by its level of alignment. This paper offers a novel theory and operationalization of organizational conformity, and contributes to the literature on status effects, and more broadly to the understanding of the key issues of distinctiveness and conformity.
Surface Electromyography Signal Processing and Classification Techniques

Electromyography (EMG) signals are becoming increasingly important in many applications, including clinical/biomedical, prosthesis or rehabilitation devices, human machine interactions, and more. However, noisy EMG signals are the major hurdles to be overcome in order to achieve improved performance in the above applications. Detection, processing and classification analysis in electromyography (EMG) is very desirable because it allows a more standardized and precise evaluation of the neurophysiological, rehabitational and assistive technological findings. This paper reviews two prominent areas; first: the pre-processing method for eliminating possible artifacts via appropriate preparation at the time of recording EMG signals, and second: a brief explanation of the different methods for processing and classifying EMG signals. This study then compares the numerous methods of analyzing EMG signals, in terms of their performance. The crux of this paper is to review the most recent developments and research studies related to the issues mentioned above.