Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fine-Grained Genre Classification Using Structural Learning Algorithms

Prior use of machine learning in genre classification used a list of labels as classification categories. However, genre classes are often organised into hierarchies, e.g., covering the subgenres of fiction. In this paper we present a method of using the hierarchy of labels to improve the classification accuracy. As a testbed for this approach we use the Brown Corpus as well as a range of other corpora, including the BNC, HGC and Syracuse. The results are not encouraging: apart from the Brown corpus, the improvements of our structural classifier over the flat one are not statistically significant. We discuss the relation between structural learning performance and the visual and distributional balance of the label hierarchy, suggesting that only balanced hierarchies might profit from structural learning.
To win or not to win ? A prediction model to determine the outcome of a DotA 2 match

In this paper, we present an augmentation to an existing machine learning algorithm used to predict the outcome of a DotA2 match and as a hero recommender in a recommendation engine. We briefly discuss existing work on DotA2 recommendation engines as well another effort in applying traditional machine learning algorithms to predict its outcome. We then detail the augmented algorithm used to improve the prediction results of the existing model and detail the entire process involved i.e., data collection, feature extraction and feature encoding. We then expound upon various aspects and possible improvements to the algorithm and different directions for future work.
Representing Tuple and Attribute Uncertainty in Probabilistic Databases

There has been a recent surge in work in probabilistic databases, propelled in large part by the huge increase in noisy data sources-sensor data, experimental data, data from uncurated sources, and many others. There is a growing need to be able to flexibly represent the uncertainties in the data, and to efficiently query the data. Building on existing probabilistic database work, we present a unifying framework which allows a flexible representation of correlated tuple and attribute level uncertainties. An important capability of our representation is the ability to represent shared correlation structures in the data. We provide motivating examples to illustrate when such shared correlation structures are likely to exist. Representing shared correlations structures allows the use of sophisticated inference techniques based on lifted probabilistic inference that, in turn, allows us to achieve significant speedups while computing probabilities for results of user-submitted queries.
Extreme flood estimations on a small alpine catchment in Switzerland, the case study of Limmerboden

Abstract. In this paper, a case study on the estimations of extreme floods is described. The watershed chosen for the analysis is the catchment of the Limmernboden dam situated in Switzerland. Statistical methods and the simulation based "Probable Maximum Precipitation – Probable maximum Flood" (PMP-PMF) approach are applied for the estimation of the safety flood according to the Swiss flood directives. The results of both approaches are compared in order to determine the discrepancies between them. It can be outlined that the PMP-PMF method does not always overestimate the flood.
New Sequence Types of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated from a Malaysian Aquaculture Pond, as Revealed by Whole-Genome Sequencing

ABSTRACT The acquisition of Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin-like genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been linked to hepatopancreatic necrosis disease in shrimp. We report the whole-genome sequences of genetically virulent and avirulent V. parahaemolyticus isolated from a Malaysian aquaculture pond and show that they represent previously unreported sequence types of V. parahaemolyticus.
Broadcast in radio networks: time vs. energy tradeoffs

In wireless networks, consisting of battery-powered devices, energy is a costly resource and most of it is spent on transmitting and receiving messages. Broadcast is a problem where a message needs to be transmitted from one node to all other nodes of the network. We study algorithms that can work under limited energy measured as the maximum number of transmissions by a single station. The goal of the paper is to study tradeoffs between time and energy complexity of broadcast problem in multi-hop radio networks. We consider a model where the topology of the network is unknown and if two neighbors of a station are transmitting in the same discrete time slot, then the signals collide and the receiver cannot distinguish the collided signals from silence. We observe that existing, time efficient, algorithms are not optimized with respect to energy expenditure. We then propose and analyse two new randomized energy-efficient algorithms. Our first algorithm works in time $O((D+\varphi)\cdot n^{1/\varphi}\cdot \varphi)$ with high probability and uses $O(\varphi)$ energy per station for any $\varphi \leq \log n/(2\log\log n)$ for any graph with $n$ nodes and diameter $D$. Our second algorithm works in time $O((D+\log n)\log n)$ with high probability and uses $O(\log n/\log\log n)$ energy. We prove that our algorithms are almost time-optimal for given energy limits for graphs with constant diameters by constructing lower bound on time of $\Omega(n^{1/\varphi} \cdot \varphi)$. The lower bound shows also that any algorithm working in polylogaritmic time in $n$ for all graphs needs energy $\Omega(\log n/\log\log n)$.
Green and Ampt analyses for rising water table and intermittent surface flux conditions

Equations developed for a Green and Ampt type analysis for moving water table conditions in an initially saturated homogeneous profile of porous material and used previously in a falling water table study are now applied to a falling-rising water table sequence in a sand. The ability of the developed equations to be used in a system involving a directional change in water table movement relates to the inclusion in the equations of a term describing the initial saturated depth applicable to each new stage of the analysis. The predictive capability of the Green and Ampt approach for such a system is tested by comparing the results with those obtained from a computer-based numerical analysis. The relevant subroutine in the computer program required certain restructuring to accommodate the rising water table component. An interpolative hysteresis model is used to describe the accompanying wetting process with the material in question wetting up along primary wetting scanning curves. In comparison with the complexity of the real system during rewetting, the simplicity of the Green and Ampt approach is very marked. Notwithstanding this, it is found that reasonable correspondence occurs, although care is necessary in specifying an appropriate value, applicable to the wetting process, for the characteristic pressure head at the sharp front. The Green and Ampt approach is also extended to include a falling water table system where an applied surface flux of constant magnitude is discontinued during the gravity drainage process. The analysis can be readily adapted to such intermittent inflow and, again, comparisons with a numerical simulation indicate that satisfactory accuracy is achievable.
Opportunistic relaying protocols for human monitoring in BAN

Body Area Networks (BAN) offer amazing perspectives to instrument and support humans in many aspects of their life. Among all possible applications, this paper focuses on body monitoring applications having a body equipped with a set of sensors transmitting in real-time their measures to a common sink. The underlying network topology is a star topology which is quite usual in the broad scope of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, a classical superframe structure as proposed in 802.15. 3 or 802.15. 4 seems to comply with the needs of such an application. Basically however, the specificities of the BAN channel can reduce the performance of such protocol. Indeed, channel time variations make the star structure unstable and temporary subject to a high packet error rate. A multi-hop mesh topology cannot counteract this problem efficiently, since the pathloss attenuation in a BAN environment is almost independent with the emitter-receiver distance. In this paper, we address this issue by considering the topology of a BAN network as a time-varying fully connected network instead of a star structure. We then show how an opportunistic cooperative mechanism based on a decode-and-forward protocol can address this issue. We derive a performance criterion based on a packet error rate outage and we discuss the implementation of this scheme in the classical superframe structure.
Experiences from a Decade of TinyOS Development

When first written in 2000, TinyOS's users were a handful of academic computer science researchers. A decade later, TinyOS averages 25,000 downloads a year, is in many commercial products, and remains a platform used for a great deal of sensor network, low-power systems, and wireless research. We focus on how technical and social decisions influenced this success, sometimes in surprising ways. As TinyOS matured, it evolved language extensions to help experts write efficient, robust systems. These extensions revealed insights and novel programming abstractions for embedded software. Using these abstractions, experts could build increasingly complex systems more easily than with other operating systems, making TinyOS the dominant choice. This success, however, came at a long-term cost. System design decisions that seem good at first can have unforeseen and undesirable implications that play out over the span of years. Today, TinyOS is a stable, self-contained ecosystem that is discouraging to new users. Other systems, such as Arduino and Contiki, by remaining more accessible, have emerged as better solutions for simpler embedded sensing applications.
ODONATA AND WETLAND QUALITY IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA, CANADA: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

The relationship between don. and wetland quality was investigated in Brooks, from May until Sept. 1999. Sixteen study sites were each visited 7 times to survey adult dragonflies and aquatic macroinvertebrates, record environmental parameters, collect water samples, record vegetative characteristics, and assess beef cattle grazing influences. 25 odonate spp. were recorded, of which Ischnura verticalis is new to Alberta. A significant negative correlation was detected between cattle presence (measured as percent stems grazed surrounding the wetland) and odon. species richness (p = 0.022; ? = 0.322), teneral species richness (p = 0.018; ? = 0.337). and the Shannon-Weiner diversity indices (p = 0.060; ? = 0.230) of the study sites. In addition, vegetation species richness and don. species richness show a positive correlation (p = 0.066; ? = 0.221). A logistic regression establishes that the absence of Coenagrion angulatum, Enallagma ebrium and Aeshna intermpta is associated with high cattle impacts, or low vegetation species richness. This study outlines the effect that cattle can have on wetland odon. species diversity and recommends that measures are taken to protect wetlands, while offering an incentive and reasonable costtbenefit ratio to both rangeland and wetland mangers.
An Interactive Association of Advanced Glycation End-Product Receptor Gene Four Common Polymorphisms with Coronary Artery Disease in Northeastern Han Chinese

Background Growing evidence indicates that advanced glycation end-product receptor (RAGE) might play a contributory role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). To shed some light from a genetic perspective, we sought to investigate the interactive association of RAGE gene four common polymorphisms (rs1800625 or T-429C, rs1800624 or T-374A, rs2070600 or Gly82Ser, and rs184003 or G1704A) with the risk of developing CAD in a large northeastern Han Chinese population. Methodology/Principal Findings This was a hospital-based case-control study incorporating 1142 patients diagnosed with CAD and 1106 age- and gender-matched controls. All individuals were angiographically confirmed. Risk estimates were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Overall there were significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions of rs1800625 and rs184003, even after the Bonferroni correction. Logistic regression analyses indicated that rs1800625 and rs184003 were associated with significant risk of CAD under both additive (OR = 1.20 and 1.23; 95% CI: 1.06–1.37 and 1.06–1.42; P = 0.006 and 0.008) and recessive (OR = 1.75 and 2.39; 95% CI: 1.28–2.40 and 1.47–3.87; P<0.001 and <0.001) models after adjusting for confounders. In haplotype analyses, haplotypes C-T-G-G and T-A-G-T (alleles in order of rs1800625, rs1800624, rs2070600 and rs184003), overrepresented in patients, were associated with 52% (95% CI: 1.19–1.87; P = 0.0052) and 63% (95% CI: 1.14–2.34; P = 0.0075) significant increases in adjusted risk for CAD. Further interactive analyses identified an overall best multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) model including rs1800625 and rs184003. This model had a maximal testing accuracy of 0.6856 and a cross-validation consistency of 10 out of 10 (P = 0.0016). The validity of this model was substantiated by classical Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Our findings provided strong evidence for the potentially contributory roles of RAGE multiple genetic polymorphisms, especially in the context of locus-to-locus interaction, in the pathogenesis of CAD among northeastern Han Chinese.
Knowledge Discovery to Support Product Family Design

Abstract Sharing and reusing product design knowledge can help reduce cost and lead time when developing new products and facilitate product family design. Knowledge associated with product design can be represented by combining constraints, functions, rules, and facts. An appropriate representation scheme for products and their design is important to share and reuse the knowledge effectively. The objective in this research is to develop a methodology for knowledge discovery related to product design using an ontology and data mining techniques. An ontology consists of a set of concepts or terms and their relationships that describe some area of knowledge or build a representation of it. An ontology can also be used to build a taxonomy representing products in a database such as a design depository. Data mining can be used in the process of extracting valid, previously unknown, and easily interpretable information from large databases. Fuzzy clustering is employed to determine initial clusters based on the similarity among the functional features of the products. Based on the results of clustering, knowledge related to product family design is identified through association rules. We apply the proposed methodology to develop and then utilize design knowledge for a family of power tools.
Specifying Treebanks, Outsourcing Parsebanks: FinnTreeBank 3

Corpus-based treebank annotation is known to result in incomplete coverage of mid- and low-frequency linguistic constructions: the linguistic representation and corpus annotation quality are sometimes suboptimal. Large descriptive grammars cover also many mid- and low-frequency constructions. We argue for use of large descriptive grammars and their sample sentences as a basis for specifying higher-coverage grammatical representations. We present an sample case from an ongoing project (FIN-CLARIN FinnTreeBank) where an grammatical representation is documented as an annotator's manual alongside manual annotation of sample sentences extracted from a large descriptive grammar of Finnish. We outline the linguistic representation (morphology and dependency syntax) for Finnish, and show how the resulting `Grammar Definition Corpus' and the documentation is used as a task specification for an external subcontractor for building a parser engine for use in morphological and dependency syntactic analysis of large volumes of Finnish for parsebanking purposes. The resulting corpus, FinnTreeBank 3, is due for release in June 2012, and will contain tens of millions of words from publicly available corpora of Finnish with automatic morphological and dependency syntactic analysis, for use in research on the corpus linguistics and language engineering.
Performance-Aware Cross-Layer Design in Wireless Multihop Networks Via a Weighted Backpressure Approach

In this paper, we study, analyze, and evaluate a performance-aware cross-layer design approach for wireless multihop networks. Through network utility maximization (NUM) and weighted network graph modeling, a cross-layer algorithm for performing jointly routing, scheduling, and congestion control is introduced. The performance awareness is achieved by both the appropriate definition of the link weights for the corresponding application's requirements and the introduction of a weighted backpressure (BP) routing/scheduling. Contrary to the conventional BP, the proposed algorithm scales the congestion gradients with the appropriately defined per-pair (link, destination) weights. We analytically prove the queue stability achieved by the proposed cross-layer scheme, while its convergence to a close neighborhood of the optimal source rates' values is proven via an ε-subgradient approach. The issue of the weights' assignment based on various quality-of-service (QoS) metrics is also investigated. Through modeling and simulation, we demonstrate the performance improvements that can be achieved by the proposed approach-when compared against existing methodologies in the literature-for two different examples with diverse application requirements, emphasizing respectively on delay and trustworthiness.
Morphological defects in a novel Rdh10 mutant that has reduced retinoic acid biosynthesis and signaling

Retinoic acid (RA) signaling is necessary for proper patterning and morphogenesis during embryonic development. Tissue‐specific RA signaling requires precise spatial and temporal synthesis of RA from retinal by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (Raldh) and the conversion of retinol to retinal by retinol dehydrogenases (Rdh) of the short‐chain dehydrogenase/reducatase gene family (SDR). The SDR, retinol dehydrogenase 10 (RDH10), is a major contributor to retinal biosynthesis during mid‐gestation. We have identified a missense mutation in the Rdh10 gene (Rdh10m366Asp) using an N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea‐induced forward genetic screen that result in reduced RA levels and signaling during embryonic development. Rdh10m366Asp mutant embryos have unique phenotypes, such as edema, a massive midline facial cleft, and neurogenesis defects in the forebrain, that will allow the identification of novel RA functions. genesis, 50: 415–423, 2012. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical activity and disability among adolescents and young adults with non-specific musculoskeletal pain

Purpose: To compare physical activity levels of adolescents and young adults with chronic pain with that of healthy participants. To investigate the impact of pain intensity, pain catastrophizing and depressive symptoms on the level of physical activity and disability of adolescents and young adults with chronic pain. Methods: Case-control study. Levels of physical activity and disability of adolescents and young adults with chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain (n = 42) were compared with that of healthy participants (n = 42). For participants with chronic pain, measures of pain catastrophizing, pain intensity and depression were examined for their ability to explain levels of physical activity and disability. Statistics: multivariate regression analysis, Mann-Whitney testing, Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Participants with chronic pain were as active as healthy participants (p = 0.22) (confidence interval [CI] 95%), although they seemed to be less active in sports and heavy-loaded activities. Pain intensity (ß = 0.32) and depressive symptoms (ß = 0.36) contributed significantly to disability (CI 95%). There was no significant association between physical activity and disability (CI 95%). Conclusions: Chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain is a disabling condition for adolescents and young adults. The level of physical activity in the daily life of adolescents and young adults with chronic pain is comparable to that of healthy counterparts, although the performance of sports and heavy-loaded activities seems diminished. Both pain intensity and depressive symptoms are disabling. Implications for Rehabilitation Chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain is a disabling condition for adolescents and young adults. Pain intensity and depressive symptoms predict disability. The effect of pain on the physical-activity level of adolescents and young adults with chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain seems to be small. Assessment and improvement of emotional well-being may improve treatment programs for adolescents and young adults with chronic non-specific musculoskeletal pain.
Offshore transport of dense shelf water in the presence of a submarine canyon

The formation and offshore transport of dense water over a uniformly sloping shelf crosscut by a submarine canyon is examined using a three-dimensional primitive-equation numerical model. A constant negative buoyancy flux is applied in a limited region adjacent to a straight coast to represent brine rejection from ice production in an idealized coastal polynya. A sharp density front forms at the edge of the forcing region, with surface and bottom intensified jets along the front. The flow around the head of the submarine canyon triggers a frontal instability that initially grows only on one side of the canyon. The unstable waves on the other side of the canyon are blocked by a localized barotropic flow that develops near the canyon head. Unstable waves also grow where the forcing region intersects the coast. The frontal waves grow rapidly (with O(1 day) e-folding timescales) and form eddies with horizontal scales of O(15 km) which extract the densest water from the forcing region and carry it offshore, directly across isobaths. In this way the eddies limit the maximum water density that appears in the model despite continued negative buoyancy forcing. Some dense water descends into the canyon, forming a bottom-trapped plume that transports the dense water offshore ahead of the eddies. The plume moves relatively slowly (i.e., small Froude number), with little turbulent entrainment, so the advancement and structure of the plume nose can be described successfully as a simple gravity current with an advective-diffusive heat balance. Eddies may slump into the canyon from the side, altering both the density anomaly and speed of the canyon plume, suggesting that canyon plumes are likely to be highly variable in both space and time.
Transition path sampling of cavitation between molecular scale solvophobic surfaces

The dynamics of a cavitation transition between repulsive plates in a Lennard-Jones system is studied using transition path sampling. It is found that the critical nucleus for the transition coincides with the formation of a vapor tube connecting the two plates. The number of particles between the plates and the tube radius are relevant order parameters. In the transition state ensemble, the distributions of these parameters have widths that are roughly 20% of their respective means. Committor distributions of constrained ensembles show that of these two important parameters, the tube radius is the most significant component in the reaction coordinate for the cavitation transition.