Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concerning the connection between the Cℓ power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background and the Γm Fourier spectrum of rings on the sky

In this article we present and study a scaling law of the mΓm cosmic microwave background Fourier spectrum on rings that allows us to (i) combine spectra corresponding to different colatitude angles (e.g. several detectors at the focal plane of a telescope) and (ii) recover the Cl power spectrum once the Γm coefficients have been measured. This recovery is performed numerically below the 1 per cent level for colatitudes Θ > 80°. In addition, taking advantage of the smoothness of Cl and of Γm, we provide analytical expressions that allow the recovery of one of the spectra at the 1 per cent level, the other one being known.
Posterior Distribution Charts: A Bayesian Approach for Graphically Exploring a Process Mean

We develop a Bayesian approach for monitoring and graphically exploring a process mean and informing decisions related to process adjustment. We assume a rather general model, in which the observations are represented as a process mean plus a random error term. In contrast to previous work on Bayesian methods for monitoring a mean, we allow any Markov model for the mean. This includes a mean that wanders slowly, that is constant over periods of time with occasional random jumps or combinations thereof. The approach also allows for any distribution for the random errors, although we focus on the normal error case. We use numerical integration to update relevant posterior distributions (e.g., for the current mean or for future observations), as each new observation is obtained, in a computationally inexpensive manner. Using an example from automobile body assembly, we illustrate how the approach can inform decisions regarding whether to adjust a process. Supplementary Materials for this article, including code for implementing the charts, are available online on the journal web site.
Services and resource profiles as metrics for the allocation of IT infrastructure costs

This paper addresses the general problem of allocating costs for shared and distributed IT infrastructures to business entities, like cost centres or processes. In contrast to earlier times, when monolithic mainframes were the central resources in data centres, client/server architectures with distributed heterogeneous components now dominate. In such an environment, resource consumption (e.g. CPU time) usually cannot be fully apportioned to users or other business entities. We therefore propose an approach which is based on predetermined resource profiles as estimates for the mean resource consumption of business services. Instead of metering every component during operation and consolidating the log data afterwards, only service invocations need to be logged. For the determination of the resource profiles we developed a measurement methodology and a software toolkit. The approach was successfully tested and evaluated for OLTP systems at the BMW Group. Furthermore, by combining resource profiles with Queuing Network Theory, we could demonstrate their appropriateness for capacity planning.
A practical access to the theory of parallel algorithms

We describe a parallel programming environment that implements the PRAM (Parallel Random Access Machine) model. The programming environment consists of a C-based PRAM programming language called FORK with a compiler, libraries and tools, and a fast PRAM simulator. The software is freely available for Unix workstations. The programming environment and a systematic way of writing structured parallel programs for the PRAM model are described in a recent textbook.Even though the programming environment was originally developed for a hardware research project, we show that the system is also especially suited for complementing classical theory courses on PRAM algorithms by programming exercises that allow students to experiment with PRAM-style parallelism and actually implement the algorithms as they appear in the theory textbooks.We describe how the environment was used in a recent graduate-level course on parallel algorithms, and report on feedback that we got from the participants.
Physical Flood Vulnerability Mapping Applying Geospatial Techniques in Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan

Flooding has been increasing since 2004 in Japan due to localized heavy rainfall and geographical conditions. Determining areas vulnerable to flooding as one element of flood hazard maps related to disaster management for urban development is necessary. This research integrated Remote Sensing data, the Geography Information System (GIS) method and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) calculation to determine the physical flood-vulnerable area in Okazaki City. We developed this research by applying data from the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (GSI) to generate the slope map and drainage density; AMEDAS (Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System) from the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) to generate the rainfall data; Soil map from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) data; and Sentinel-2 imagery to generate the land cover map. We applied the AHP calculation for weighting pairwise the parameters by comparing five iterations of the normalized matrix. We utilized the spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS to run the pairwise comparison to adjudicate the distribution of flooding according to the AHP procedure. The percentage of relative weight was slope (43%), drainage density (20%), rainfall intensity (17%), then both infiltration rate and land cover (10%). The consistency value was reasonable: consistency index (CI—0.007) and consistency ratio (CR—0.6%). We generated high accuracy for flood vulnerability prediction; 0.88 for Probability of Detection (POD), 0.28 for Probability of False Detection (POFD), 0.44 for Critical Success Index (CSI), 1.9 for Bias, and 95 of Area under Curve (AUC). The flood vulnerability was matched to the flood inundation survey of Okazaki City in August 2008 and indicated an excellent Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC).
Towards an Ontological Approach to Information System Security and Safety Requirement Modeling and Reuse

ABSTRACT Misuse cases are currently used to identify safety and security threats and subsequently capture safety and security requirements. There is limited consensus to the precise meaning of the basic terminology used for use/misuse case concepts. This paper delves into the use of ontology for the formal representation of the use-misuse case domain knowledge for eliciting safety and security requirements. We classify misuse cases into different category to reflect different type of misusers. This will allow participants during the requirement engineering stage to have a common understanding of the problem domain. We enhanced the misuse case domain to include abusive misuse case and vulnerable use case in order to boost the elicitation of safety requirements. The proposed ontological approach will allow developer to share and reuse the knowledge represented in the ontology thereby avoiding ambiguity and inconsistency in capturing safety and security requirements. OWL protégé 3.3. 1 editor was used for the ontology coding. An illustration of the use of the ontology is given with examples from the health care information system.
Quasi-periodic accretion and gravitational waves from oscillating 'toroidal neutron stars' around a Schwarzschild black hole

We present general relativistic hydrodynamics simulations of constant specific angular momentum tori orbiting a Schwarzschild black hole. These tori are expected to form as a result of stellar gravitational collapse, binary neutron star merger or disruption, can reach very high rest-mass densities and behave effectively as neutron stars but with a toroidal topology (i.e. ‘toroidal neutron stars’). Here our attention is focused on the dynamical response of these objects to axisymmetric perturbations. We show that upon the introduction of perturbations, these systems either become unstable to the runaway instability or exhibit a regular oscillatory behaviour, resulting in a quasi-periodic variation of the accretion rate as well as of the mass quadrupole. The latter, in particular, is responsible for the emission of intense gravitational radiation for which the signal-to-noise ratio at the detector is comparable to or larger than the typical one expected in stellar-core collapse, making these new sources of gravitational waves potentially detectable. We discuss a systematic investigation of the parameter space in both the linear and non-linear regimes, providing estimates of how the gravitational radiation emitted depends on the mass of the torus and on the strength of the perturbation.
The Cognitive Interview, exploring its effectiveness in the UK and Mexico

Eyewitnesses are interviewed by police officers or other law enforcers in a bid to obtain information to help solve a crime. The Cognitive Interview (CI) was developed by Geiselman and Fisher (and colleagues) in the 1980‟s, as an alternative to the existing interviews. Research on the CI has demonstrated its ability to enhance eyewitnesses‟ memory recall (see Köhnken, Milne, Memon, & Bull, 1999; Memon, Meissner, & Fraser, 2010 for reviews). The present thesis aimed to expand our understanding of the CI, specifically its effectiveness in a sample of participants from Mexico. It compared willingness to report crime and memory performance between participants from the UK and Mexico. A series of four studies were conducted on university students. Study 1 examined participants‟ willingness to report a crime in the UK and Mexico. Study 2 compared the performance of CI mnemonic techniques used in different combinations in participants from the UK and Mexico. Study 3 examined the effectiveness of a Modified Cognitive Interview and a control interview for positive, neutral and negative events amongst participants from the UK and Mexico. Study 4 explored the impact of misleading information on memory recall through a CI and a control interview in participants from Mexico. The results highlight some key findings: a) participants from Mexico are less willing to report a crime and report fewer details of the event than participants from the UK, b) combinations of the CI mnemonic techniques can reduce interview duration while maintaining a high level of memory recall, c) a misinformation effect was found following the introduction of misleading postevent information regardless of interview type and d) the emotional valence of an event overclouds the enhanced memory recall effect of a MCI. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed, as well as limitations and further research suggestions.
Social Simulations for Border Security

EADS North America and George Mason University have partnered to build analytical tools for border security that incorporate social, cultural, behavioral and organizational aspects of interactions among border security forces, smugglers and the population and represent integrated technology architectures made up of fixed and mobile sensor and surveillance networks. These tools provide critical capabilities that influence border security operations, planning, analysis and training. We present the results of the first sprint of our effort, demonstrating the feasibility of social simulation for the security of the Southwestern U.S. border. First, we recount how we used open-source data on border security forces and smuggling organizations, replicating for 2009 the landscape of gateway organizations and cartels in Sonora along with the border security architecture for the Tuscon sector of Customs and Border Patrol (CBP). We then describe the architecture of the model that connects a disaggregated view of these organizations to a high-fidelity representation of the physical environment and sensor networks. Finally, we conclude with a short discussion of model dynamics, validity and generalizability of our approach.
Spectral Analysis of Random Sparse Matrices

We study n×n random symmetric matrices whose entries above the diagonal are iid random variables each of which takes 1 with probability p and 0 with probability 1-p, for a given density parameter p=α/n for sufficiently large α. For a given such matrix A, we consider a matrix A' that is obtained by removing some rows and corresponding columns with too many value 1 entries. Then for this A', we show that the largest eigenvalue is asymptotically close to α+1 and its eigenvector is almost parallel to all one vector (1,.,1).
Multimodal Information Retrieval by using Visual and Textual Query

As the number of internet users are increasing day by day. So amount of data also increases, so fast response is desired by different users. So most of the researchers are working in relevant information retrival. Proposed work has focus on image retrieval by the combination of textual and visual features. In this work annotations of the image are use for the initial filtering of image from the dataset. After first filtration selected images are sent for visual feature base comparison. On the basis of the visual feature combination final ranking of the images are done as per the input query. Results shows that combination of both type of feature give more effective results as compare to single one.
Albumin-coupled methotrexate (MTX-HSA) is a new anti-arthritic drug which acts synergistically to MTX.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of the new inflammation-targeted drug MTX-HSA and to investigate whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are potential target cells for albumin-mediated drug delivery. METHODS The murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was used to measure the anti-arthritic effect of MTX, MTX-HSA or a combination of both (n = 30 to 35 per group). In addition, the uptake of fluorescence-labelled albumin (AFLc-HSA) in PBMC of 14 patients with RA was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). RESULTS In equivalent doses of 7.5 mg/kg intravenously (IV) twice a week, MTX-HSA is significantly (P<0.02) superior to MTX in inhibiting the development of CIA and reducing the joint count as well as the number of affected paws. When given in lower doses as combination therapy, both drugs act synergistically (P<0.03). A mean of 96, 72 and 64% of the CD14-, CD16- and CD20-positive cells from peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients showed an uptake of albumin after incubation with AFLc-HSA in vitro. This finding was not significantly different in comparison to healthy controls. In contrast, the number of CD3-positive cells taking up albumin is increased significantly in RA patients in comparison to controls (26.3 +/- 12.9% s.d. vs 11.6 +/- 7.3% s.d.; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION The data show that the effectiveness of MTX-HSA in CIA is superior to MTX and that both drugs act synergistically. In addition, albumin appears to be taken up by peripheral blood cells, suggesting that they might be one of the potential target cells of this novel anti-arthritic treatment approach.
Immunogenicity without Efficacy of an Adenoviral Tuberculosis Vaccine in a Stringent Mouse Model for Immunotherapy during Treatment

To investigate if bacterial persistence during TB drug treatment could be overcome by modulation of host immunity, we adapted a clinically-relevant model developed for the evaluation of new drugs and examined if immunotherapy with two adenoviral vaccines, Ad35-TBS (AERAS-402) and Ad26-TBS, could shorten therapy in mice. Even though immunotherapy resulted in strong splenic IFN-γ responses, no effect on bacterial replication in the lungs was seen. Multiplex assay analysis of lung samples revealed the absence of cytokine augmentation such as IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2, suggesting that immunization failed to induce immunity in the lungs. In this model, we show that IFN-γ levels were not associated with protection against disease relapse. The results obtained from our study raise questions regarding the traits of protective TB immunity that are relevant for the development of future immunotherapeutic and post-exposure vaccination strategies.
ViSe : The Virtual Security Testbed

Traditional means of testing Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) require the creation of isolated physical test networks (testbeds) using machines that must be individually configured for each test. This process becomes cumbersome and resource-intensive when malicious attacks, launched against the pre-configured systems, cause significant harm and require the reinstallation of software before testing may continue. Virtual testbeds can minimize many of these costs and greatly increase the testing efficiency while accurately replicating physical environments. ViSe, a virtual security testbed, is a unique solution to the problem of security testing. ViSe’s broad base of installed operating systems(OSs) and vulnerable applications provides an environment where researchers can test real attacks against vulnerable systems in a reliable and efficient manner.
Energy efficient datapath synthesis using dynamic frequency clocking and multiple voltages

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient synthesis technique for datapath circuits. Specifically, we propose a time and resource constrained scheduling algorithm, (DFMVS), which utilizes the concept of Dynamic Frequency Clocking and Multiple Voltage Scaling. In the dynamic frequency scheme, all units are driven by a single clock line which changes at run time depending on the functional unit active at that time. Recently, the use of multiple voltages has been investigated in the context of energy minimization. DFMVS consists of two modules: Dynamic-freq-sched and Modify-sched. Based on the dynamic frequency scheme, Dynamic-freq-sched generates an initial schedule in which the control steps are clocked at different frequencies. Modify-sched incorporates a schedule modifier, that regroups the operations of the initial schedule such that multiple voltages can be used to reduce the energy consumption. The algorithm has been applied to various high level synthesis benchmark circuits under different time and resource constraints. The experimental results show that using three supply saving of 53.5% (with the time constraint of 2.0 times the critical path) is obtained as compared to using a uni-frequency clocking scheme with a single supply voltage.
Development of a Kinect Software Tool to Classify Movements during Active Video Gaming

While it has been established that using full body motion to play active video games results in increased levels of energy expenditure, there is little information on the classification of human movement during active video game play in relationship to fundamental movement skills. The aim of this study was to validate software utilising Kinect sensor motion capture technology to recognise fundamental movement skills (FMS), during active video game play. Two human assessors rated jumping and side-stepping and these assessments were compared to the Kinect Action Recognition Tool (KART), to establish a level of agreement and determine the number of movements completed during five minutes of active video game play, for 43 children (m = 12 years 7 months ± 1 year 6 months). During five minutes of active video game play, inter-rater reliability, when examining the two human raters, was found to be higher for the jump (r = 0.94, p < .01) than the sidestep (r = 0.87, p < .01), although both were excellent. Excellent reliability was also found between human raters and the KART system for the jump (r = 0.84, p, .01) and moderate reliability for sidestep (r = 0.6983, p < .01) during game play, demonstrating that both humans and KART had higher agreement for jumps than sidesteps in the game play condition. The results of the study provide confidence that the Kinect sensor can be used to count the number of jumps and sidestep during five minutes of active video game play with a similar level of accuracy as human raters. However, in contrast to humans, the KART system required a fraction of the time to analyse and tabulate the results.
Secure bootstrapping of nodes in a CoAP network

In today's world of home automation, smart objects are interconnected and participate in the Internet of Things. Being part of a very sensible eco-system, these entities must be secured against various kinds of attacks. Smart home appliances such as light bulbs or window shutters have very low processing power and networking capacities and more often than not lack of input/output devices such as keyboards or displays. Therefore, special protocols have been developed to enable lightweight and secure communication. Yet, the secure configuration of new nodes in a network has not been solved satisfactory. In this paper we present a three-phase protocol to bootstrap constrained devices in a wireless sensor network based on IPv6 and the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). The protocol phases include service discovery, distribution of security credentials, and application-specific node configuration.
Service-Oriented Product Lines: Towrads a Development Process and Feature Management Model for Web Services

Service-Oriented Architecture fosters the loose coupling of services aimed at maximizing flexibility, adaptability and configurability. Services of different providers can easily be integrated into a common framework with standardized technology like Web Services. A Software Product Line depicts a systematic software reuse approach by handling various types of flexible software artifacts that form a common platform and are the basis for deriving concrete products. This paper contributes towards the combination of both concepts by proposing a differentiated development process for Software Product Lines implementing a ServiceOriented Architecture. An extensive example shows how parts of this process can be solved technically with already developed methods for feature modeling and management using Web Services.
Usability of Cluster Based Co-Saliency in Video Foreground Detection

: Ability of human visual system to detect prominent regions in an image is fast, reliable and efficient. Computational modeling of this extraordinary behavior is termed as saliency detection. Saliency detection identifies salient regions in an image and is relevant in many computer vision applications such as object recognition, image segmentation, image retrieval etc. The term co-saliency can be explained as identifying common prominent regions in multiple images. In this paper we analysis various saliency and co-saliency detection mechanisms and studies the usability of cluster based co-saliency detection method in video foreground detection. The paper also explains design and implementation of cluster based co-saliency in video foreground detection.
An Application of Ant Colony Algorithm for Edge Feature Extraction in City Aerial Image for Building Recognition

Over the years, automatic and semiautomatic extraction of building from aerial and spatial images has become an outstanding issue. This paper presents an application of ant colony algorithm (ACA) for edge extraction in city aerial image for building recognition. The overall idea of this work is clustering pixels by a character complex of gray value, gradient and neighborhood of each pixel. The results of ACA will be compared with the results of Canny operator which is considered as the best edge feature extracting operator. And the comparison indicated that ACA is efficient in edge feature extraction, especially for the aerial images.