Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análisis Dinámico de la Pobreza y la Estructura de los Hogares

El trabajo consta de una Introduccion General y cuatro capitulos, En el primer capitulo, se aborda el problema de como medir la pobreza, haciendo una recopilacion y analisis de la gran cantidad de medidas establecidas, una clasificacion de las mismas y un enjuiciamiento de su bondad mediante una bateria de axiomas o propiedades deseables que se utilizan como norma o patron para juzgar su capacidad como medidas de pobreza. Se analiza el concepto de umbral de pobreza y se habilitan instrumentos para la clasificacion de los hogares, segun su posicion con respecto a dicho umbral. Se aplica, ademas, la metodologia de la inferencia estadistica para medir la pobreza, cuando se dispone de datos procedentes de muestras, de diverso tipo. Ademas, se propone una medida de pobreza de tipo exponencial, comprobando sus buenas prestaciones, desde el punto de vista de las propiedades o axiomas que verifica, y comparandola con el resto de las medidas analizadas. En el capitulo segundo, se aborda el problema de las economias de consumo inherentes al hogar, mediante la utilizacion de escalas de equivalencia. Se aporta una nueva definicion de escala demografica, como generalizacion que permite englobar a las diversas escalas que se han propuesto en la literatura especializada y que tambien son analizadas en este capitulo. Los instrumentos desarrollados se aplican al estudio de la pobreza en Espana, durante el periodo 1973-1991, utilizando los datos de las tres Encuestas Basicos de Presupuestos Familiares (E.B.P.F.), realizadas por el I.N. E. , durante este periodo. En este estudio, se pone especial enfasis en el analisis de la sensibilidad de las medidas de pobreza frente a la elasticidad de la escala potencial de equivalencia de Buhmann, Rainwater, Smeeding y Schmaus (1988), llegando a la conclusion de que dicho comportamiento sigue un patron de tipo cuadratico. El capitulo 3 se dedica al analisis de la pobreza, desde
Analysis of tracheal sounds during forced exhalation in asthma patients and normal subjects: bronchodilator response effect.

PURPOSE During the past 10 years, the acoustic analysis of breath sounds has been used as a diagnostic tool in patients suffering from obstructive respiratory diseases. Acoustic analysis might be able to monitor the response to bronchodilator therapy in a clinical setting. So far, few studies have been carried out in asthmatic patients. To assess the responses of a sampling of asthma patients to an inhaled bronchodilator (terbutaline) by means of spectral analysis of the tracheal sound performed during forced expiratory maneuvers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventeen nonsmoking asthma patients (9 were male, 8 were female) who had been suffering from the disease for > or = 15 years were included in the study, as were 15 normal subjects (7 were male, 8 were female). The average age (+/- SD) was 56.5 +/- 15.2 years (FVC, 2.7 +/- 0.9 L [63.4%]; FEV1, 1.5 +/- 0.6 L [53.0%]). The tracheal sounds were collected during three forced expiratory maneuvers with a sampling frequency of 5,000 Hz and were analyzed by applying a 16-parameter autoregressive model. RESULTS The centroid frequency decreased after the bronchodilator was given at different flow segments between 1.2 and 0.4 L/s, with significant changes between 0.6 and 0.4 L/s. CONCLUSIONS Patients with asthma showed changes in the spectral acoustic analysis frequencies after the administration of a bronchodilator drug (terbutaline) during forced expiratory maneuvers.
Aggregation Kinetics of Citrate and Polyvinylpyrrolidone Coated Silver Na in Monovalent and Divalent Electrolyte Solutions

The aggregation kinetics of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) that were coated with two commonly use agents—citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)—were investigated. Time-resolved dynamic light (DLS) was employed to measure the aggregation kinetics of the AgNPs over a range of monovalen electrolyte concentrations. The aggregation behavior of citrate-coated AgNPs in NaCl was in excel with the predictions based on Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory, and the Ham of citrate-coated AgNPs in aqueous solutions was derived to be 3.7 × 10 J. Divalent electrolytes efficient in destabilizing the citrate-coated AgNPs, as indicated by the considerably lower critical c concentrations (2.1 mM CaCl and 2.7 mM MgCl vs. 47.6 mM NaCl). The PVP-coated AgNPs w significantly more stable than citrate-coated AgNPs in both NaCl and CaCl , which is likely due to repulsion imparted by the large, non-charged polymers. The addition of humic acid resulted in the the macromolecules on both citrateand PVP-coated AgNPs. The adsorption of humic acid induce electrosteric repulsion that elevated the stability of both nanoparticles in suspensions containing Na concentrations of CaCl . Conversely, enhanced aggregation occurred for both nanoparticles at high concentrations due to interparticle bridging by humic acid clusters. Introduction Because of the optical and antimicrobial properties and electrical conductivity of silver nanoparticl 4), these nanomaterials are already finding applications in a wide variety of fields, which includes b chemical, and electrical engineering. The combination of their antimicrobial activity and relative lo likely the key reason for nanosilver-containing products to presently comprise more than 50% of th consumer products that contain engineered nanoparticles (5). For example, AgNPs are being incorp Performing your original search, brookhaven 200sm and starch, in PMC will retrieve 2 records.
Highly stretchable electroluminescent skin for optical signaling and tactile sensing

Make it stretch, make it glow The skins of some cephalopods, such as the octopus, are highly flexible and contain color-changing cells. These cells are loaded with pigments that enable rapid and detailed camouflaging abilities. Larson et al. developed a stretchable electroluminescent actuator. The material could be highly stretched, could emit light, and could also sense internal and external pressure. A soft robot demonstrated these combined capabilities by stretching and emitting light as it moved. Science, this issue p. 1071 Light emission, actuation, and sensing are combined in a stretchable electronic material suitable for soft robotics. Cephalopods such as octopuses have a combination of a stretchable skin and color-tuning organs to control both posture and color for visual communication and disguise. We present an electroluminescent material that is capable of large uniaxial stretching and surface area changes while actively emitting light. Layers of transparent hydrogel electrodes sandwich a ZnS phosphor-doped dielectric elastomer layer, creating thin rubber sheets that change illuminance and capacitance under deformation. Arrays of individually controllable pixels in thin rubber sheets were fabricated using replica molding and were subjected to stretching, folding, and rolling to demonstrate their use as stretchable displays. These sheets were then integrated into the skin of a soft robot, providing it with dynamic coloration and sensory feedback from external and internal stimuli.
An update of the effectiveness of therapeutic lumbar facet joint interventions.

BACKGROUND Therapeutic lumbar facet joint interventions are implemented to provide long-term pain relief after the facet joint has been identified as the basis for low back pain. The therapeutic lumbar facet joint interventions generally used for the treatment of low back pain of facet joint origin are intraarticular facet joint injections, lumbar facet joint nerve blocks, and radiofrequency neurotomy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate and update the effect of therapeutic lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of therapeutic lumbar facet joint interventions for the treatment of chronic low back pain. METHODS The available literature on lumbar facet joint interventions in managing chronic low back pain was reviewed. The quality assessment and clinical relevance criteria utilized were the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Review Group criteria as utilized for interventional techniques for randomized trials and the criteria developed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria for observational studies. The level of evidence was classified as good, fair, and limited or poor based on the quality of evidence developed by the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force. Data sources included relevant literature identified through searches of PubMed and EMBASE from 1966 through June 2012, and manual searches of the bibliographies of known primary and review articles. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was pain relief with short-term relief defined as up to 6 months and long-term relief as 12 months. Secondary outcome measures were improvement in functional status, psychological status, return to work, and reduction in opioid intake. RESULTS For this systematic review, 122 studies were identified. Of these, 11 randomized trials and 14 observational studies met inclusion criteria for methodological quality assessment. The evidence for radiofrequency neurotomy is good and fair to good for lumbar facet joint nerve blocks for short- and long-term improvement; whereas the evidence for intraarticular injections and pulsed radiofrequency neurotomy is limited. LIMITATIONS The limitations of this systematic review include the continued paucity of evidence, specifically for intraarticular injection therapy. CONCLUSION In summary, there is good evidence for the use of conventional radiofrequency neurotomy, and fair to good evidence for lumbar facet joint nerve blocks for the treatment of chronic lumbar facet joint pain resulting in short-term and long-term pain relief and functional improvement. There is limited evidence for intraarticular facet joint injections and pulsed radiofrequency thermoneurolysis.
Array signal processing in Four-Dimensional antenna arrays

The direction of arrival (DOA) estimation and adaptive beamforming (ABF) in Four-Dimensional (4-D) antenna arrays are presented in this paper. By using time modulation technique with appropriate time sequences, multiple beams can be obtained in the 4-D antenna arrays and each of them is located at different directions. Through the analysis of the beamspace data received by the multiple beams, the DOA and ABF can be realized in the 4-D antenna array. Simulation results of the DOA and ABF in 4-D linear array are compared to those in uniform linear array (ULA), and better performance can be obtained.
Sepsis-induced alterations in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression: the role of insulin and glucagon.

Sepsis is associated with a decrease in the intrinsic gluconeogenic capacity of hepatocytes. The mechanism underlying this depression is unknown. This study sought to investigate whether decreased expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), a rate limiting enzyme in hepatic gluconeogenesis, might contribute to the decreased gluconeogenesis in sepsis. Therefore, we determined the effects of sepsis on the steady-state level of PEPCK mRNA and on PEPCK activity. Further, levels of insulin and glucagon, which modulate PEPCK expression under normal conditions, were also measured. Rats were subjected to either cecal ligation and puncture, or sham operation. Twenty-four hr later, the steady-state level of PEPCK mRNA was determined by Northern Blot hybridization analysis, and PEPCK activity was measured by 14C incorporation into phosphoenolpyruvate. Insulin and glucagon levels were determined by radioimmunoassay, and the insulin/glucagon ratio calculated. The steady-state levels of PEPCK mRNA were significantly decreased in septic animals relative to sham-operated animals. The specific activity of PEPCK in sham-operated animals was 1.67 +/- 0.25 U/mg protein, compared to 0.93 +/- 0.18 U/mg protein in septic animals (P < 0.05). The insulin/glucagon ratio was lower in septic animals than in sham-operated controls. To investigate the specific effect of the insulin-glucagon ratios observed in septic and sham operated rats on hepatocytes under non-septic conditions, cultures of primary rat hepatocytes were used. These cells were incubated with levels of insulin and glucagon equivalent to those found following cecal ligation and puncture or sham operation. Hormonal conditions designed to mimic sepsis were associated with an increase in PEPCK expression. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
On gravitational waves in spacetimes with a nonvanishing cosmological constant

We study the effect of a cosmological constant {lambda} on the propagation and detection of gravitational waves. To this purpose we investigate the linearized Einstein's equations with terms up to linear order in {lambda} in a de Sitter and an anti-de Sitter background spacetime. In this framework the cosmological term does not induce changes in the polarization states of the waves, whereas the amplitude gets modified with terms depending on {lambda}. Moreover, if a source emits a periodic waveform, its periodicity as measured by a distant observer gets modified. These effects are, however, extremely tiny and thus well below the detectability by some 20 orders of magnitude within present gravitational wave detectors such as LIGO or future planned ones such as LISA.
A new method of gaining DC power of three-phase asynchronous motor dynamic braking

This paper proposed the method that AC power transformed DC power of dynamic braking by three-phase bridge type diode rectifier and step-down chopping, it mainly applied to three-phase asynchronous motor dynamic braking on the occasion that requiring smooth braking and frequent starting and braking. This paper briefly expounded the principle of three-phase asynchronous motor dynamic braking and three-phase bridge type diode rectifier and step-down chopping, and simulated the new method by MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The result verified the feasibility of the method, and provided the basis for the hardware circuit design.
PARALLELIZATION OF A RELAXATION SCHEME MODELLING THE BEDLOAD TRANSPORT OF SEDIMENTS IN SHALLOW WATER FLOW

In this work we are interested in numerical simulations for bedload erosion processes. We present a relaxation solver that we apply to moving dunes test cases in one and two dimensions. In particular we retrieve the so-called anti-dune process that is well described in the experiments. In order to be able to run 2D test cases with reasonable CPU time, we also describe and apply a parallelization procedure by using domain decomposition based on the classical MPI library.
GraphNet: Recommendation system based on language and network structure

Recommendation systems are widely used in many popular online services, however, present algorithms use either network structure or language features only. In this paper, we present a scalable and efﬁcient recommendation system that combines both language content and complex social network structure. Given a dataset consisting of objects created and commented on by users, the system predicts other content that the user may be interested in. We demonstrate the efﬁcacy of our system through the task of recommending posts to reddit users based on their previous posts and comments. We extract the language feature using GloVe vectors and sequential model, and use attention mechanism, multi-layer perceptron and max pooling to learn hidden representations for users and posts. We show in experiments that our method is able to achieve the state-of-the-art performance.
Can health care providers recognise a fibromyalgia personality?

OBJECTIVES To determine if experienced health care providers (HCPs) can recognise patients with fibromyalgia (FM) based on a limited set of personality items, exploring the existence of a FM personality. METHODS From the 240-item NEO-PI-R personality questionnaire, 8 HCPs from two different countries each selected 20 items they considered most discriminative of FM personality. Then, evaluating the scores on these items of 129 female patients with FM and 127 female controls, each HCP rated the probability of FM for each individual on a 0-10 scale. Personality characteristics (domains and facets) of selected items were determined. Scores of patients with FM and controls on the eight 20-item sets, and HCPs' estimates of each individual's probability of FM were analysed for their discriminative value. RESULTS The eight 20-item sets discriminated for FM, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranging from 0.71-0.81. The estimated probabilities for FM showed, in general, percentages of correct classifications above 50%, with rising correct percentages for higher estimated probabilities. The most often chosen and discriminatory items were predominantly of the domain neuroticism (all with higher scores in FM), followed by some items of the facet trust (lower scores in FM). CONCLUSIONS HCPs can, based on a limited set of items from a personality questionnaire, distinguish patients with FM from controls with a statistically significant probability. The HCPs' expectation that personality in FM patients is associated with higher levels for aspects of neuroticism (proneness to psychological distress) and lower scores for aspects of trust, proved to be correct.
Wavelet Multi-scale Edge Detection for Extraction of Geographic Features to Improve Vector Map Databases

Although numerous at smaller geographic scales, vector databases often do not exist at the more detailed, larger scales. A possible solution is the use of image processing techniques to detect edges in high-resolution satellite imagery. Features such as roads and airports are formed from the edges and matched up with similar features in existing low-resolution vector map databases. By replacing the old features with the new more accurate features, the resolution of the existing map database is improved. To accomplish this, a robust edge detection algorithm is needed that will perform well in noisy conditions. This paper studies and tests one such method, the Wavelet Multi-scale Edge Detector. The wavelet transform breaks down a signal into frequency bands at different levels. Noise present at lower scales smoothes out at higher levels. It is demonstrated that this property can be used to detect edges in noisy satellite imagery. Once edges are located, a new method will be proposed for storing these edges geographically so that features can be formed and paired with existing features in a vector map database.
New frontier of therapeutic intervention for retina disease

Aim: Bone marrow transplantation is a treatment procedure usually applied for the patients suffering from leukemia. It is observed that some of these patients complain from partial vision loss some months after the operation whereas the routine visual examination of these patients are normal, therefore the aim of present work is to examine the visual pathway of these patients to search for the probable visual pathway degeneration of these patients using visual evoked potential (VEP). Method: 10 patients following bone marrow transplantation were selected randomly. These patients had this operation for at least one year before. Routine ophthalmological examination of these patients was normal or at most they have refractive error problem which could be corrected by suitable spectacles. Visual evoked potential was recorded in these patients. Latency (msec) and amplitude (μV) of VEP, P100 Peak was noted for each patient. Beside these patients10 human being with healthy visual system was selected to compare the result of VEP in patients with healthy group following VEP recording. Result: It is observed that 4 patients had abnormal VEP pattern which was reflected either in latency or amplitude of VEP, P100 Peak. Conclusion: From the result of present work, one can conclude that VEP examination of patients following bone marrow transplantation is necessary prior to operation so that if at all any unexplained visual loss is observed after operation; the medical staff can follow the case for the probable reason for this malfunction.
Jugend und Religion. Bestandsaufnahmen, Analysen und Fallstudien zur Religiosität Jugendlicher

In diesem Buch wird das Thema Jugend und Religion in seiner Vielschichtigkeit ausgeleuchtet. Dies geschieht auf der Basis eines integrativen Theoriekonzepts von Religion und einer darauf aufgebauten Typologie der vielfaltigen Formen von Religion bzw. Einstellungen zu Religion, sowie auf Grundlage einer soliden aktuellen quantitativen und qualitativen Datenbasis, in der die wichtigsten empirischen Studien berucksichtigt werden. Die Autoren schopfen dabei auch aus eigener empirischer Forschung. Dazu gehoren an der Forschungsstelle Biographische Religionsforschung an der Universitat Bielefeld durchgefuhrte biographisch-rekonstruktive, d.h. qualitative Analysen zu christlich-fundamentalistischen Biographieverlaufen, zur Okkultfaszination Jugendlicher, zur Dekonversion und zur Religiositat von islamischen MigrantInnen. Dazu gehort auch die online-Umfrage Jugend & Religion der Bielefelder Forschungsstelle, auf deren Ergebnisse an vielen Stellen Bezug genommen wird und deren Ergebnisse hier erstmalig der Offentlichkeit vorgestellt werden. Es werden vier grundlegende Zugange zur Religion unter Jugendlichen auf der Basis ihrer Lebenserfahrungen und Bedurfnisse unterschieden und in exemplarischen Fallstudien portraitiert: (1) Religiositat im Rahmen etablierter Institutionen, (2) Religiositat in Gruppen mit starker Abgrenzung nach ausen und starker innerer sozialer Kontrolle, (3) Formen von Religiositat jenseits von etablierten religiosen Organisationen, haufig unter dem Stichwort: Spiritualitat, (4) Religiositat jenseits von Konfessionen und religioser Selbstattribution.
Is Offshore Sourcing Decision a Strategic Response to Declining Firm Performance?

Strategic actions by firms are often triggered by emerging contingencies. In this research, using contingency theory and strategic change literature, we conceptualize offshore sourcing decision as a strategic response to declining firm performance. Further, using secondary data, we empirically test the proposed model. Overall, the findings suggest that a firm’s degree of offshoring is not associated with its performance downturn. On the contrary, degree of offshoring is positively related to an increase in firm level parameters like employee productivity and international experience. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the results, for research and practice.
Essential fatty acids are mediators of brain biochemistry and cognitive functions

Major advances have been made in understanding the biochemistry of essential fatty acids (FA) and their interactions with metabolic pathways leading to the production of longer and more complex fatty acids and lipids. Less understood are the roles played by FA which are known to affect neurotransmitters, peptides, releasing factors, hormones, and a variety of physiological and cognitive processes. Based on empirical findings we propose that (a) FA exert a controlling function in the modulation of neuronal membrane fluidity, and (b) the critical factor in FA action and efficacy is not absolute level but rather the ratio between various groups of FA. This approach unifies the biochemical and cognitive results obtained from many different and unrelated fields of research. J. Neurosci. Res. 56:565–570, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.