Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using computational phantoms to improve delivery of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) to patients

This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in simulation-based studies of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) and highlights major aspects of TTFields in which simulation-based studies could affect clinical outcomes. A major challenge is how to simulate multiple scenarios rapidly for TTFields delivery. Overcoming this challenge will enable a better understanding of how TTFields distribution is correlated with disease progression, leading to better transducer array designs and field optimization procedures, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
CME Information: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 2015 Update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment

CME Editor: Ayalew Tefferi, M.D., has no relevant financial relationships to disclose. Author: Michael Hallek, M.D. discloses honoraria and research support from Roche, AbbVie, Janssen, Gilead, and Mundipharma. This activity underwent peer review in line with the standards of editorial integrity and publication ethics maintained by American Journal of Hematology. The peer reviewers have no conflicts of interest to disclose. The peer review process for American Journal of Hematology is single blinded. As such, the identities of the reviewers are not disclosed in line with the standard accepted practices of medical journal peer review. Conflicts of interest have been identified and resolved in accordance with Blackwell Futura Media Services’s Policy on Activity Disclosure and Conflict of Interest. The primary resolution method used was peer review and review by a non-conflicted expert.
Centrality measures in large and sparse networks

The problem of quick detection of central nodes in large networks is studied. There are many measures that allow to evaluate a topological importance of nodes of the network. Unfortunately, most of them cannot be applied to large networks due to their high computational complexity. However, if we narrow the initial network and apply these centrality measures to the sparse network, it is possible that the obtained set of central nodes will be similar to the set of central nodes in large networks. If these sets are similar, the centrality measures with a high computational complexity can be used for central nodes detection in large networks. To check the idea, several random networks were generated and different techniques of network reduction were considered. We also adapted some rules from social choice theory for the key nodes detection. As a result, we show how the initial network should be narrowed in order to apply centrality measures with a high computational complexity and maintain the set of key nodes of a large network.
Capm condicional com aprendizagem aplicado ao mercado brasileiro de ações

Modelos de valoracion de activos representan una de las mas discutidas e investigadas areas en las finanzas. Son ampliamente utilizados de forma teorica y practica en el area de investimentos para modelizar y predecir el riesgo y la rentabilidad de los titulos y de las carteras, asi como en finanzas corporativas para estimar el coste de capital y clasificar proyectos de inversion. Proporcionan una medida util de riesgo a los gestores y a los inversores para ayudarles a determinar el retorno adecuado para poner su dinero en riesgo. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el desempeno del modelo CAPM condicional con aprendizaje propuesto por Adrian y Franzoni (2009) cuando aplicado a los retornos de las acciones mas negociadas en el mercado de valores de Brasil desde 1987 hasta 2010. Adrian y Franzoni (2009), en su articulo, contribuyen a la literatura del CAPM condicional por proponer un nuevo tipo de variacion temporal en los betas condicionales. En este entorno, los inversores se forman expectativas sobre el nivel de largo plazo de los pesos factoriales a partir de la observacion de los rendimientos realizados de variables exogenas. Como consecuencia directa de este supuesto, los betas condicionales se pueden modelizar mediante el filtro de Kalman. Utilizando datos de 25 acciones ordenadas por el tamano y por el indice de valor contable-valor de mercado, los autores concluyeron que el CAPM condicional con el aprendizaje es capaz de reducir sustancialmente los errores de precios en comparacion con el CAPM en su version original. De esta manera, contribuimos con la literatura de valoracion de activos, al evaluar si este modelo es capaz de reducir los errores de precios en relacion a la version original del modelo CAPM, cuando aplicada a los datos del mercado brasileno a partir de los activos individuales. Los resultados de este estudio muestran una reduccion de lo modelo CAPM condicional con aprendizaje en relacion con el CAPM en su version original. Por lo tanto, os resultados empiricos sugieren que el aprendizaje acerca de los betas debe ser tomado en cuenta en la estimacion del CAPM condicional e incondicional.
A Further Augmentation of the Solow Model and the Empirics of Economic Growth for OECD Countries

Mankiw, Romer, and Weil [1992] showed that the augmented Solow model, including accumulation of human as well as physical capital, provides a good description of cross-country data, with the exception of the OECD subsample. The textbook Solow model explains about 60 percent of the cross-country variation in per worker GDP in a comprehensive sample of 98 nonoil-producing countries. By including human capital, the augmented Solow model accounts for almost 80 percent of the variation in this sample. For the OECD subsample, explanatory power of the models is rather poor. The textbook Solow model explains very little of the variation in per capita income levels (less than 6 percent). The performance of the Mankiw-Romer-Weil [1992] human capital augmented model is somewhat better but still less than 30 percent. Differences in explanatory power between samples largely disappear in specifications that allow for departures from the steady state. Mankiw, Romer, and Weil interpret this finding by conjecturing that OECD countries are perhaps farther from their steady-state levels than countries in the broader sample. The difference in explanatory power of the augmented Solow model in a broader sample versus the OECD sample is possibly due to the similarity of the OECD countries and the limited variation in explanatory variables. An alternative explanation offered here is that not all relevant factors of production are included. We therefore suggest a further augmentation of the Solow model by explicitly including the (endogenous) accumulation of technological know-how.
Overcoming the Liability of Foreignness in Internationalization in Emerging Economies: Lessons from Acquiring a Chinese Firm

How foreign investors overcome the liability of foreignness has long been a topic for discussion in the study of inter nationalization. Whether MNCs rely on exploration or exploitation, especially in emerging economies, has not been adequately understood. Drawing on the theory of ownership advantage and local responsiveness, this study addresses the controversy in the literature by investigating the approaches to, and processes of, overcoming the liability of foreignness from a processual analysis. It reports on a case study of an American company's acquisition of a private Chinese firm. It concludes that exploration and exploitation are not merely simultaneous. Rather, these strategies are able to assimilate and deploy different categories of resources in order to build the basis for the exploitation of localization-based resources in the later stage of integration. The findings of this study are not limited to emerging context but can be extended to any circumstance in which information deprivation exists. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Explaining Racial/Ethnic Gaps in Spatial Mismatch in the US: The Primacy of Racial Segregation

Despite declines in racial segregation across most US metropolitan areas in recent years, racial and ethnic minorities still display uneven geographical access to jobs but consistently inferior to that of Whites. This article provides a detailed analysis of the factors driving racial and ethnic gaps in spatial mismatch conditions across US metropolitan areas. Using data primarily from the 1990 and 2000 US censuses, and the 1994 and 1999 US Department of Commerce's zip code business pattern files, descriptive, multivariate and decompositional evidence is generated to address why Blacks and to a lesser extent Latinos display greater degrees of spatial mismatch than Whites. The results indicate that, among many other factors including job sprawl, racial segregation in housing markets is the most important. The models indicate that racial differences in spatial mismatch conditions, particularly between Blacks and Whites, should be eliminated in 45–50 years if racial segregation levels continue to decline in the future at rates similar to those observed over the 1990s.
Getting it Right: study protocol to determine the diagnostic accuracy of a culturally-specific measure to screen for depression in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people

Introduction A freely available, culturally valid depression screening tool is required for use by primary care services across Australia to screen for depression in Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander populations. This is the protocol for a study aiming to determine the validity, sensitivity and specificity of the culturally adapted 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (aPHQ-9). Methods and analysis Cross-sectional validation study. A total of 500 people who self-identify as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander, are ≥18 years of age, attending 1 of 10 primary healthcare services or service events across Australia and able to communicate sufficiently to answer study questions will be recruited. All participants will complete the aPHQ-9 and the criterion standard MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) 6.0. 0. The primary outcome is the criterion validity of the aPHQ-9. Process outcomes related to acceptability and feasibility of the aPHQ-9 will be analysed only if the measure is found to be valid. Ethics and dissemination Lead ethical approval was obtained jointly from the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (project 2014/361) and the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of New South Wales (project 1044/14). Results will be disseminated via the usual scientific forums, including peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international conferences following presentation to, discussion with and approval by participating primary healthcare service staff and community. Trial registration number ACTRN12614000705684.
Identifying the Poor for Efficient Targeting: Results for Papua New Guinea

Many countries try to protect their poor during structural adjustment. Targeting is needed to prevent benefits leaking to the non-poor but screening for direct transfers may be too costly for developing countries. One solution is indirect targeting, based on the characteristics of the poor. Household survey data for urban areas of Papua New Guinea are used to show how a poverty index and probit estimation can identify multiple characteristics of poor households. The results suggest that interventions should be targeted towards larger households, where the head is unemployed and has lower levels of schooling. Female headship and age are not useful characteristics for targeting.
Web-based Measurement of the Level of Implementation of TQM in Indian Industries

Abstract Quality management systems help industries to achieve the highest standards in providing world class services to customers. They encourage continuous improvement. Organizations that have implemented the TQM concept focus on producing quality goods and services to customers and are able to provide independent evidence of good quality management practice. Assuring quality is a multifunctional effort covering many aspects of operations. In this paper, we have demonstrated a web-based methodology to measure the level of TQM implementation in Indian industries. This paper provides a synthesis of the quality literature by identifying ten critical success factors of quality management in manufacturing industries. Operational measures of these factors are developed using data collected through the internet from 104 Indian industries. The measures could be used by decision makers in an organization to assess the status of quality management in order to direct improvements in the quality area.
Heuristic Approaches for Energy-Efficient Shared Restoration in WDM Networks

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF TABLES . xi LIST OF SYMBOLS . xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xvi Chapter
[Effects of intranasal corticosteroids on radiated nasal mucosa of guinea pig].

OBJECTIVE To observe histopathologic changes of irradiated guinea pigs' nasal mucosa treated with intranasal corticosteroids and to study the radioprotective effect of intranasal corticosteroids. METHOD Fifty health guinea pigs nasal parts were performed irradiation by the WDVE-6MeV linear accelerator. They had accepted 5 Gy one time per week for three weeks through X-ray irradiating to establish the animal irradiation injury model. After that, they were divided into 2 groups randomly: the control group and the administration group and each group had 25 guinea pigs. The administration group received intranasal corticosteroids on the second day after three weeks irradiation, 5 animals per one group were sacrificed randomly at 1 W, 1 M, 2 M, 3 M, 4 M after administration, the histopathologic changes were observed under optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscope respectively. RESULT Using intranasal corticosteroids after irradiation, the early inflammatory reaction of the administration group was milder than the control group. With the drug being given constantly, the recovery of epithelial cell with irradiated damage was accelerated and the coverage rate of cilia went up obviously; After four months, the coverage rate of cilia had risen to 72.9%; But, for the control group, the coverage rate of cilia is only 50.2%. The atrophy of submucosal glandular organ was lessened and they displayed some extent secretory function. The reparation was accelerated as time went by. CONCLUSION Irradiation brought about serious injury on guinea pigs' nasal mucosa. But, the injury was lessen after using intranasal corticosteroids. Intranasal corticosteroids play the role of radioprotection for the irradiated nasal mucosa.
A 130mW 100MS/s pipelined ADC with 69dB SNDR enabled by digital harmonic distortion correction

A pipelined ADC is presented with 2 fully integrated digital background calibration techniques: harmonic distortion correction (HDC) to compensate for residue amplifier gain error and nonlinearity, and DAC noise cancellation (DNC) to compensate for DAC capacitor mismatches [1,2]. It is the first IC implementation of HDC, and the results demonstrate that HDC and DNC together enable reductions in power dissipation relative to comparable conventional state-of-the-art pipelined ADCs.
Convergence of shocks and trade in the enlarged European Union

This paper explores the relation between trade flows and cross-country symmetry of supply and demand shocks using data from the EU-27 countries. Increased bilateral trade intensity is found to have a positive impact on the correlation of both demand and supply shocks. Intra-industry trade is found to be positively linked to correlations of supply-side shocks but negatively linked to correlations of demand shocks. Our results thus provide support for the argument that aggregate demand spillovers and intra-industry trade, rather than specialization, dominate in the process through which trade flows affect the cross-country transmission of shocks in Europe. At the same time, our estimates suggest that monetary-policy convergence in Europe (the circulation of the euro), while having increased symmetry of supply-side shocks, has had no direct favourable impact on symmetry of demand shocks. By contrast, the process of fiscal-policy convergence is found to have resulted in more correlated demand shocks across the EU member states.
Personnel Management and Recruitment

This article will set out to compare some findings of a study on recruitment with the more general pronouncements on selection which are available in the literature on personnel management. The research study investigated the recruitment systems of major employees, all with relatively developed personnel functions, in three areas of Britain and West Germany; it concentrated on manual and low‐level white‐collar jobs in the 24 largest employers in each area. Although the study confirms the importance of internal recruitment, even where there is no developed seniority system or internal labour market, this article will concentrate on external recruitment (and/or some of the general conclusions of the study, but not on the Anglo‐German comparative dimension).
Recommandation de chemins de navigation dans un cube OLAP

Résumé. L’analyse OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing), malgré son aspect navigationnel et exploratoire, ne permet pas de guider l’utilisateur vers les faits les plus pertinents lors de sa navigation au sein d’un cube de données. Ceci peut s’expliquer par le fait que l’OLAP ne tient pas compte des usages des utilisateurs, comme l’historique de ses requêtes de navigation. Pour pallier ce problème, nous proposons dans cet article NAPARE (NAvigation PAth REcommendation), un système de recommandation collaborative de chemins de navigation qui s’appuie sur l’historique des sessions d’analyse des utilisateurs et les chaînes de Markov.
Analysis of Italian consumer preferences for beef

The evolution of food demand is strictly linked to the change in consumer preferences. In the beef sector people’s attention is growing for specific aspects related to food quality, safety, environmental issues and animal welfare. In this framework, it is more and more important to understand the consumer’s choice dynamics in order to develop differentiated marketing, commercial and communication strategies. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and to point out the Italian consumer preferences for beef. This research uses the choice model approach to assess consumer behaviour. In November 2011, a visual discrete choice experiment was administered online by a specific provider to a sample of 1500 consumers, representative of the Italian population for sex, age and residence. The results highlight the crucial importance of beef cut in the final choice, and reaffirm the central role played by the country of origin labelling (COOL). On the contrary, breed information and price marginally affect the final purchasing decision. These insights provide strategic information for public and private agents involved in the beef sector.
L'économie de la recherche-développement: introduction à certains travaux théoriques

[fre] L'article procede a une revue de la litterature theorique sur la recherche-developpe­ment. Il aborde deux themes principaux : valeur privee et valeur sociale d'une inno­vation brevetee, competition pour l'innovation. Les incitations privees a l'innovation sont d'abord examinees en fonction de la formule adoptee pour l'exploitation d'une invention (brevet unique, licence de brevet) et de la structure du marche pre et post innovation (concurrence, monopole, oligopole). La seconde partie concentre l'attention sur les modeles ou la competition pour l'innovation est assimilee a une course et ou le phenomene de preemption joue un role determinant. [eng] The economics of R-D . Introduction to the pure theory. Roger Guesnerie, Jean Tirole. The article reviews the theoretical literature on R-D. Two themes are considered : the comparison of private and social value of an innovation, the competition for an innovation ; innovations being protected by patents. The private incentives to innovate are first examined according to the modalities of the exploitation of the invention and according to the pre and post innovation market structure (perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly). The second part focuses on models where competition for innovation is formalized as a race and where preemption has a crucial role.
Municipal Responses to Fiscal Austerity: The Thai Case

This article discusses the use and determinants of fiscal retrenchment strategies of Thai municipalities during the FY 2009/2010 economic downturn. Based on a survey of over 900 municipalities, the author finds that Thai municipal government did not prepare itself for a declining economy. It mainly employed short-term strategies by cutting down line-item and miscellaneous spending rather than utilizing more fiscally sustained schemes such as increasing the revenue from untapped resources or applying more stringent budgetary control measures. Reasons for the fiscal adaptation were several but mainly stemmed from the declining fiscal conditions during the recession as exhibited by fund balance ratio and debt service payment. The findings indicate that Thai municipalities are running at fiscal risk due to inadequate preparation for economic fluctuation and suggest that a local fiscal surveillance system be put in place.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitor Use Associated With Increased Risk of ACE Inhibitor-Associated Angioedema

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors decrease degradation of the incretins. DPP-IV inhibitors also decrease degradation of peptides, such as substance P, that may be involved in the pathogenesis of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-associated angioedema. This study tested the hypothesis that DPP-IV inhibition affects risk of clinical angioedema, by comparing the incidence of angioedema in patients treated with the DPP-IV inhibitor vildagliptin versus those treated with comparator in Phase III randomized clinical trials. Prospectively defined angioedema-related events were adjudicated in a blinded fashion by an internal medicine adjudication committee and expert reviewer. Concurrent ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker exposure was ascertained from case report forms. Study drug exposure was ascertained from unblinded data from phase III studies. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals comparing angioedema risk in vildagliptin-treated and comparator-treated patients were calculated for the overall population and for patients taking ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, using both an analysis of pooled data and a meta-analysis (Peto method). Overall, there was no association between vildagliptin use and angioedema. Among individuals taking an ACE inhibitor, however, vildagliptin use was associated with an increased risk of angioedema (14 confirmed cases among 2754 vildagliptin users versus 1 case among 1819 comparator users: odds ratio 4.57 [95% confidence interval 1.57 to 13.28]) in the meta-analysis. Vildagliptin use may be associated with increased risk of angioedema among patients taking ACE inhibitors, although absolute risk is small. Physicians confronted with angioedema in a patient taking an ACE inhibitor and DPP-IV inhibitor should consider this possible drug–drug interaction.