Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On dynamic algorithms for factorization invariants in numerical monoids

Studying the factorization theory of numerical monoids relies on understanding several important factorization invariants, including length sets, delta sets, and $\omega$-primality. While progress in this field has been accelerated by the use of computer algebra systems, many existing algorithms are computationally infeasible for numerical monoids with several irreducible elements. In this paper, we present dynamic algorithms for the factorization set, length set, delta set, and $\omega$-primality in numerical monoids and demonstrate that these algorithms give significant improvements in runtime and memory usage. In describing our dynamic approach to computing $\omega$-primality, we extend the usual definition of this invariant to the quotient group of the monoid and show that several useful results naturally extend to this broader setting.
WIC Infant Food Package Issuance Data Are a Valid Measure of Infant Feeding Practices

Background: Multiple datasets collect breastfeeding data in the United States (US), but a coordinated monitoring and surveillance system does not currently exist. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) reaches over 50% of all infants in the US and provides a potential wealth of administrative data about the breastfeeding practices of low-income women. Objective: The objective of this research was to assess whether WIC administrative data are a valid source of information about breastfeeding practices. Methods: A phone survey of 2015 postpartum WIC mothers in Southern California was conducted to assess the feeding practices of mothers with infants 2-12 months old. Survey data were linked with WIC administrative records from the same month in order to assess the percent agreement between feeding behavior as reported by survey methods and as documented in WIC administrative records. Results: The unweighted κ test statistic was used to test the agreement between survey responses and WIC administrative data. Substantial to almost perfect agreement was found between the two measures. Conclusions: WIC administrative data are a valid source of information about breastfeeding. With appropriate funding support, WIC administrative data should be considered for use in nationwide breastfeeding surveillance and monitoring systems.
A Review: Proteomics in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Although radiotherapy is generally effective in the treatment of major nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), this treatment still makes approximately 20% of patients radioresistant. Therefore, the identification of blood or biopsy biomarkers that can predict the treatment response to radioresistance and that can diagnosis early stages of NPC would be highly useful to improve this situation. Proteomics is widely used in NPC for searching biomarkers and comparing differentially expressed proteins. In this review, an overview of proteomics with different samples related to NPC and common proteomics methods was made. In conclusion, identical proteins are sorted as follows: Keratin is ranked the highest followed by such proteins as annexin, heat shock protein, 14-3-3σ, nm-23 protein, cathepsin, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, stathmin, prohibitin, and vimentin. This ranking indicates that these proteins may be NPC-related proteins and have potential value for further studies.
Quantitative Association Rule Mining Using a Hybrid PSO / ACO Algorithm ( PSO / ACO-AR )

Over the years, data mining has attracted most of the attention from the research community. The researches attempt to develop faster, more scalable algorithms to navigate the ever increasing volumes of data in search of meaningful patterns. Association rules are a Data mining technique that tries to identify intrinsic patterns in large data sets. It has been widely used in different applications, a lot of algorithms introduced to discover these rules. However most of the algorithms used intend to discretize all numeric attributes, which leads to loss of knowledge. In this paper, an algorithm for mining quantitative association rules using swarm intelligence is introduced. The algorithm intends to discover optimized intervals in numeric attributes without the need for the discretization process. Although the algorithm does not need the minimum support and confidence, instead it looks for the best support that conform a frequent itemset. The algorithm is tested with both synthetic and real datasets, and the results show that the algorithm provides better accuracy when compared to other algorithms used for quantitative rules.
Galectin-3 alters the lateral mobility and clustering of β1-integrin receptors

Glycoprotein receptors are influenced by myriad intermolecular interactions at the cell surface. Specific glycan structures may interact with endogenous lectins that enforce or disrupt receptor-receptor interactions. Glycoproteins bound by multivalent lectins may form extended oligomers or lattices, altering the lateral mobility of the receptor and influencing its function through endocytosis or changes in activation. In this study, we have examined the interaction of Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a human lectin, with adhesion receptors. We measured the effect of recombinant Gal-3 added exogenously on the lateral mobility of the α5β1 integrin on HeLa cells. Using single-particle tracking (SPT) we detected increased lateral mobility of the integrin in the presence of Gal-3, while its truncated C-terminal domain (Gal-3C) showed only minor reductions in lateral mobility. Treatment of cells with Gal-3 increased β1-integrin mediated migration with no apparent changes in viability. In contrast, Gal-3C decreased both cell migration and viability. Fluorescence microscopy allowed us to confirm that exogenous Gal-3 resulted in reorganization of the integrin into larger clusters. We used a proteomics analysis to confirm that cells expressed endogenous Gal-3, and found that addition of competitive oligosaccharide ligands for the lectin altered the lateral mobility of the integrin. Together, our results are consistent with a Gal-3–integrin lattice model of binding and confirm that the lateral mobility of integrins is natively regulated, in part, by galectins.
CMOS Differential Ring Oscillators: Review of the Performance of CMOS ROs in Communication Systems

The integrated differential ring oscillator (DRO) in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has been used in numerous products for a long time. Its presence has been extended to high-speed clock and data recovery (CDR) circuits for optical communication, analog and digitally controlled oscillators, frequency dividers of high-frequency synthesizers, clock generators of digital circuits, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and many more applications [1]-[5]. Implementations of these ring oscillators are seen in emerging technologies such as ultrawideband (UWB) and radio frequency identification (RFID) as well as wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and short-range communication devices [6], [7]. The DRO is a good design choice for integrated circuit (IC)designers because of its continued use in different bulk CMOS technologies. This article presents implementation techniques and performance comparisons of the DRO as a CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) in low radio frequency (RF) bands, along with presentation and discussion of a number of circuit approaches.
Real-time indoor navigation using smartphone sensors

This paper presents an indoor navigation algorithm that uses multiple kinds of sensors and technologies, such as MEMS sensors (i.e., gyros, accelerometers, magnetometers, and a barometer), WiFi, and magnetic matching. The corresponding real-time software on smartphones includes modules such dead-reckoning, WiFi positioning, and magnetic matching. DR is used for providing continuous position solutions and for the blunder detection of both WiFi fingerprinting and magnetic matching. Finally, WiFi and magnetic matching results are passed into the position-tracking module as updates. Meanwhile, a barometer is used to detect floor changes, so as to switch floors and the WiFi and magnetic databases. This algorithm was tested during the 5th EvAAL indoor navigation competition. Position errors on three quarters (75 %) of test points (totally 62 test points were selected to evaluate the algorithm) were under 6.6 m.
Simultaneous inhibition of the constitutively activated nuclear factor κB and of the Interleukin-6 pathways is necessary and sufficient to completely overcome apoptosis resistance of human U266 myeloma cells

Elevated Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB) levels have been reported in multiple myeloma cells derived from patients relapsing after chemotherapy. In the search of an in vitro a model with molecular features similar to relapsing lesions, we focused our attention on an IL-6 autocrine human myeloma cell line (U266), characterized by apoptosis resistance due to up-regulation of two constitutive signaling pathways: NF-κB and STAT-3. NF-κB activity was inhibited with proteasome inhibitory agents, such as PS-341 and Withaferin A, with an IKK inhibitor (Wedelolactone) or with the adenoviral vector HD IκBαmut-IRES-EGFP encoding a mutant IκBα protein, resistant to proteasomal degradation. We observed that the NF-κB intracellular dislocation at the beginning of the treatment affected therapeutic effectiveness of PS-341, Withaferin A and Wedelolactone; interestingly, the adenoviral vector was highly effective in inducing apopotosis even with NF-κB being predominantly nuclear at the time of infection. We also observed that U266 treated with the Interleukin-6 antagonist Sant7 exhibited reduced STAT3 activity and preferential cytoplasmic NF-κB location; moreover they became capable of undergoing apoptosis mainly from the G1 phase. Adenoviral vector treated U266 have NF-κB localized completely in the cytoplasm and also showed down-regulation of nuclear phospho STAT-3. Finally, combined targeting of NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways was the most effective treatment in inducing apoptosis. These findings suggest that combined NF-κB κB and STAT3 targeting warrants further investigations in other apoptosis resistant MM cell lines as well as in suitable MM animal models.
Inhibition of Nitrification by Low Oxygen Concentrations in an Aerated Treatment Pond System with Biofilm Promoting Mats

Inhibition of nitrification in the presence of low oxygen concentrations (below 1.2 mg/L) and temperature dependency at oxygen saturation levels were observed in an aerated treatment pond system with biofilm promoting mats in two parallel ponds for remediation of ammonium, methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), and benzene‐contaminated groundwater. Within the first 18 months, at an average oxygen concentration of 0.7 ± 0.5 mg/L along the ponds, no significant decrease of ammonium or significant formation of nitrification products were observed. After increasing the aeration to oxygen saturation levels, the ammonium removal increased up to a maximum of 27%, with concomitant formation of nitrite and nitrate (up to 26 and 0.6 mM). The subsequent reduction of aeration in one pond to the previous level resulted in a definitive stop of nitrification, while, in the other pond, nitrification was well‐correlated with the water temperature, reaching up to 45% ammonium removal.
Systems Epidemiology in Cancer

Prospective studies in cancer epidemiology have conserved their study design over the last decades. In this context, current epidemiologic studies investigating gene-environment interactions are based on biobank for the analysis of genetic variation and biomarkers, using notified cancer as outcome. These studies result from the use of high-throughput technologies rather than from the development of novel design strategies. In this article, we propose the globolomic design to run integrated analyses of cancer risk covering the major -omics in blood and tumor tissue. We defined this design as an extension of the existing prospective design by collecting tissue and blood samples at time of diagnosis, including biological material suitable for transcriptome analysis. The globolomic design opens up for several new analytic strategies and, where gene expression profiles could be used to verify mechanistic information from experimental biology, adds a new dimension to causality in epidemiology. This could improve, for example, the interpretation of risk estimates related to single nucleotide polymorphisms in gene-environment studies by changing the criterion of biological plausibility from a subjective discussion of in vitro information to observational data of human in vivo gene expression. This ambitious design should consider the complexity of the multistage carcinogenic process, the latency time, and the changing lifestyle of the cohort members. This design could open the new research discipline of systems epidemiology, defined in this article as a counterpart to systems biology. Systems epidemiology with a focus on gene functions challenges the current concept of biobanking, which focuses mainly on DNA analyses. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(11):2954–7)
Detect Structure Features of Asymmetric and Symmetric CH2 and CH3 Functional Groups and Their Ratio of Biopolymers within Intact Tissue in Complex Plant System Using Synchrotron FTIRM and DRIFT Molecular Spectroscopy

1.1 Bright synchrotron radiation Synchrotron light is photon beam, which is million times brighter than sunlight. A synchrotron facility is a giant particle accelerator that turns electrons into light (Wikipedia, 2010). How a Synchrotron Works? Electric Gun (EG: Synchrotron Component 1) in a synchrotron blasts out electrons. The electrons are accelerated to nearly speed of light by Linear Accelerator (LA: Synchrotron Component 2). A small synchrotron orbiting Booster Ring (BR: Synchrotron Component 3) increase their energy. Finally electron bunches enter Storage Ring (SR: Synchrotron Component 4). The bunches orbit ring controlled by serial magnets. Special magnet called “Undulator" causes electrons to rapidly change course and vast emitting energy in form of photons. Then photons enter Beamline (BL: Synchrotron Component 5) and directed to device called "monochromator" which selects specific wavelength required for each experiment. Finally, light focus onto sample at Experimental End Station (ES: Synchrotron Component 6), where scientists collect data to determine molecular structure (Dumas, 2003; Marinkovic et al., 2002; Miller, 2009; CLS, 2010; Wikipedia, 2010). The extremely bright synchrotron light makes it possible to detect biomaterial structure (make-up or conformation) at both molecular and cellular levels (Marinkovic & Chance, 2006; Miller & Dumas, 2006).
Burkholderia and Cupriavidus spp. are the preferred symbionts of Mimosa spp. in southern China.

Rhizobia were isolated from invasive Mimosa spp. (M. diplotricha and M. pudica) in Dehong district of the province of Yunnan in subtropical southern China. Almost all of the 98 isolates were β-rhizobia in the genera Burkholderia and Cupriavidus. These strains were analysed for their distribution characteristics together with strains from a previous study from Sishuangbanna. The proportion of nodules containing each β-rhizobial genus varied between Mimosa species, with Cupriavidus being predominant in M. diplotricha nodules (63.3% compared to 36.7% occupation with Burkholderia), but with M. pudica showing a slight preference for Burkholderia over Cupriavidus, with them occupying 56.5% and 43.5% of nodules, respectively. The symbiosis-essential genes nodA and nifH were present in all the Burkholderia and Cupriavidus strains tested, and their phylogenies indicated that these Mimosa symbionts share symbiotic genes with native South American rhizobia. The evolutionary discrepancies among 16S rRNA genes, nodA and nifH of Mimosa spp. symbionts, suggests that the nod and nif genes of β-rhizobia evolved independently.
Behavioral, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine profiles following CCK‐4 challenge in healthy volunteers: A comparison of panickers and nonpanickers

Healthy subjects who panic following systemic cholecystokinin‐tetrapeptide (CCK‐4) challenge typically exhibit a symptom profile reminiscent of that evident among panic patients. However, the biological concomitants of CCK‐4‐induced panic in healthy subjects remain obscure. Accordingly, we evaluated the behavioral, cardiovascular, and neuroendocrine effects of CCK‐4 in panickers and nonpanickers. Predictably, subjects who panicked with CCK‐4 experienced more intense symptoms of panic and greater increases in ratings of fearful and anxious mood than did subjects who did not panic. CCK‐4‐induced increases in diastolic blood pressure, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, and growth hormone secretion were also significantly enhanced in subjects who panicked. The results of this study demonstrate that the behavioral experience of CCK‐4‐induced panic in healthy individuals is accompanied by marked biological changes and provide confirmation that CCK‐4 is a useful model of panic for research among nonclinical subjects. Depression and Anxiety 8:1–7, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expectations as Endowments: Evidence on Reference-Dependent Preferences from Exchange and Valuation Experiments

While evidence suggests that people evaluate outcomes with respect to reference points, little is known about what determines them. We conduct two experiments that show that reference points are determined, at least in part, by expectations. In an exchange experiment, we endow subjects with an item and randomize the probability they will be allowed to trade. Subjects that are less likely to be able to trade are more likely to choose to keep their item. In a valuation experiment, we randomly assign subjects a high or low probability of obtaining an item and elicit their willingness-to-accept for it. The high probability treatment increases valuation of the item by 20--30%. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
Indirect estimation of reference intervals for thyroid parameters.

BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to determine indirect reference intervals from patients' results obtained during routine laboratory work. This could be an accurate alternative to the laborious and expensive job of producing reference intervals for populations according to international recommendations. METHODS All the results for thyrotropin (TSH), total and free thyroxine, and triiodothyronine (T4, fT4, T3, and fT3) stored in our laboratory information system between 2008 and 2011 were included in this study. We used logarithmic transformation of the raw data to exclude outliers. After visual observation of the data distribution, we estimated non-parametric reference intervals. A standard normal deviation test was performed to test the significance of differences between subgroups. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the serum levels of the analyzed thyroid parameters, so we calculated combined reference values. However, we found a significant difference in TSH values between ambulatory and hospitalized patients, but only in 2011. Indirect reference values for TSH, T4, fT4, T3 and fT3 were 0.42 - 3.67 mIU/L, 66.0 - 136.10 nmol/L, 10.20 - 18.40 pmol/L, 1.10 - 2.39 nmol/L, and 3.17 - 5.59 pmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The indirect determination of laboratory-specific reference intervals using patients' laboratory data is a relatively easy and inexpensive method. Also, indirect reference limits will be more precise and true if skewness and kurtosis of the distribution are not too large.
Unusual thermolysis of azacyclic allene under microwave conditions: crystal structure of (3RS,3aSR,8RS,8aRS)-methyl 5,6-dimethoxy-3a,10-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3,3a,8,8a-tetrahydro-3,8-(epiminomethano)cyclopenta[a]indene-2-carboxylate from synchrotron X-ray diffraction

The structure of methyl 5,6-dimethoxy-3a,10-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3,3a,8,8a-tetrahydro-3,8-(epiminomethano)cyclopenta[a]indene-2-carboxylate, the product of unusual thermolysis of azacyclic allene under microvawe conditions, was studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction.
The Src Family Kinases and Protein Kinase C Synergize to Mediate Gq-dependent Platelet Activation*

Background: The role of SFKs in G protein-coupled receptor-mediated platelet activation is not well understood. Results: AYPGKF induced Gq/Ca2+-dependent SFK phosphorylation, and AYPGKF-elicited platelet activation was partially inhibited by PP2 but was completely abolished by PKC inhibitors plus SFK inhibitors. Conclusion: Ca2+/SFKs/PI3K and PKC represent alternative pathways mediating AYPGKF-dependent platelet activation. Significance: This work increases understanding of important SFK functions in platelet activation. The Src family kinases (SFKs) play essential roles in collagen- and von Willebrand factor (VWF)-mediated platelet activation. However, the roles of SFKs in G protein-coupled receptor-mediated platelet activation and the molecular mechanisms whereby SFKs are activated by G protein-coupled receptor stimulation are not fully understood. Here we show that the thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor 4 agonist peptide AYPGKF elicited SFK phosphorylation in P2Y12 deficient platelets but stimulated minimal SFK phosphorylation in platelets lacking Gq. We have previously shown that thrombin-induced SFK phosphorylation was inhibited by the calcium chelator 5,5′-dimethyl-bis-(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (dimethyl-BAPTA). The calcium ionophore A23187 induced SFK phosphorylation in both wild-type and Gq deficient platelets. Together, these results indicate that SFK phosphorylation in response to thrombin receptor stimulation is downstream from Gq/Ca2+ signaling. Moreover, A23187-induced thromboxane A2 synthesis, platelet aggregation, and secretion were inhibited by preincubation of platelets with a selective SFK inhibitor, PP2. AYPGKF-induced thromboxane A2 production in wild-type and P2Y12 deficient platelets was abolished by PP2, and AYPGKF-mediated P-selectin expression, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and aggregation of P2Y12 deficient platelets were partially inhibited by the PKC inhibitor Ro-31-8220, PP2, dimethyl-BAPTA, or LY294002, but were abolished by Ro-31-8220 plus PP2, dimethyl-BAPTA, or LY294002. These data indicate that Ca2+/SFKs/PI3K and PKC represent two alternative signaling pathways mediating Gq-dependent platelet activation.
Applying Fuzzy Logic to Neural Modeling

What is fuzzy logic? Fuzzy logic is an extension of Boolean logic which allows intermediate values between True and False. As in Boolean logic, a true statement is expressed by the value “1” and a false statement by the value “0”. However, unlike in probability theory, the value must not be interpreted as a confidence level but rather as a Membership Function (MF). Therefore, every statement is “True” to a certain degree and “False” to another. An interesting property of these MFs is that, because they vary between zero and one, they can be manipulated like probabilities, even though they are interpreted differently.
Prediction of multivariate chaotic time series via radial basis function neural network

In this article, a new multivariate radial basis functions neural network model is proposed to predict the complex chaotic time series. To realize the reconstruction of phase space, we apply the mutual information method and false nearest-neighbor method to obtain the crucial parameters time delay and embedding dimension, respectively, and then expand into the multivariate situation. We also proposed two the objective evaluations, mean absolute error and prediction mean square error, to evaluate the prediction accuracy. To illustrate the prediction model, we use two coupled Rossler systems as examples to do simultaneously single-step prediction and multistep prediction, and find that the evaluation performances and prediction accuracy can achieve an excellent magnitude. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2013.