Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing and Critiquing Culture in Health Research

Given the growing diversity of U.S. society, the federal mandates for health research with multicultural populations, and persistent confusion about the concept of culture, the purpose of this article is to present various definitions and biases of culture as found in current nursing research. By addressing various definitions and biases, the debates can help investigators become more culturally sensitive, avoid serious pitfalls, and eventually ensure the provision of culturally competent health care. Authors familiar with concepts of culture in research recommend investigators use culture in their health research, including strengthening research designs, embedding culture into research models, using culture-sensitive instruments, employing emic perspectives, and replicating interventions across diverse and changing populations.
Independent Component Analysis of High-Density Electromyography in Muscle Force Estimation

Accurate force prediction from surface electromyography (EMG) forms an important methodological challenge in biomechanics and kinesiology. In a previous study (Staudenmann , 2006), we illustrated force estimates based on analyses lent from multivariate statistics. In particular, we showed the advantages of principal component analysis (PCA) on monopolar high-density EMG (HD-EMG) over conventional electrode configurations. In the present study, we further improve force estimates by exploiting the correlation structure of the HD-EMG via independent component analysis (ICA). HD-EMG from the triceps brachii muscle and the extension force of the elbow were measured in 11 subjects. The root mean square difference (RMSD) and correlation coefficients between predicted and measured force were determined. Relative to using the monopolar EMG data, PCA yielded a 40% reduction in RMSD. ICA yielded a significant further reduction of up to 13% RMSD. Since ICA improved the PCA-based estimates, the independent structure of EMG signals appears to contain relevant additional information for the prediction of muscle force from surface HD-EMG
Historical Responsibility, Harm Prohibition, and Preservation Requirement: Core Practical Convergence on Climate Change

Abstract The purpose of this article is to map the relationships of various moral arguments for action on climate change to each other in a particular case rather than to explore any single argument in depth or to make any abstract claims about the priorities among the arguments themselves. Specifically, it tries to show that “historical responsibility”, that is, responsibility (moral or legal) for past emissions, is very important, although not quite in the way usually argued, but that it is not by itself determinative. Other, independent considerations also greatly matter, although it happens that as a matter of fact all considerations strongly tend to converge towards the same conclusions about which states are responsible to act in order to slow climate change. “Historical responsibility” is shown to involve both contribution to, or causation of, climate change and benefit from climate change. Other factors that play roles in this case are ability to pay, the no-harm principle, and the duty to preserve the physical pre-conditions of human life.
Adaptation de maillages anisotropes par un estimateur d'erreur hiérarchique

In this thesis, we present a new hierarchical error estimator that can be used in a mesh adaptation algorithm to obtain a more accurate approximation to the solution of a partial differential equation. This error estimator has many advantages that other existing error estimators do not have or lack of. For instance, it is, by construction, independant of the differential operator used to model a certain physical phenomena. It is also naturally generalisable to the case of approximations of arbitrary order, and this, without any specific treatment to the underlying theory. Finally, it is efficient, optimal in a sense that will be defined and permits the elements to stretch in a priviledged direction (anisotropy) in order to obtain high accuracy against regularly refined meshes. Many examples are given in the one, two and three dimensional cases. Analytical examples (the solution is known) is given to measure the effiency and precision of the new error estimator. Other examples of mesh adaptation for equations modeling different physical phenomena like the flow of a fluid around a cylinder, unsteady diffusion and contact between deformable elastic bodies are presented. These examples show that the new error estimator can be used for a wide variety of problems.
An Improved Key Management Scheme for Hierarchical Wireless Sensors Networks

Key management play a central role for protecting communication in WSNs. Due to the limited memory resources and energy constraints, complex security algorithms cannot be used in sensor networks. Therefore, to secure data communication and well balance between the security level and the associated energy consumption is a challenging task. In this paper, we present an Improved Key management Scheme for Securing communication in Hierarchical Wireless Sensors Networks (IKS). The proposed technique based on symmetric key mechanism, generates and distributes the keys within a cluster efficiently and updates periodically keys to mitigate the node compromise attack. We provide a detailed security analysis of our IKS protocol and show its advantages in avoiding node capture attack and several serious attacks from malicious nodes. Finally, using NS-2 simulator, the results shows that IKS provides energy saving and has low communication overhead and end to end delay compared to existing key management schemes. DOI : http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/telkomnika.v12i5. 4241
User mobility impact on millimeter-wave system performance

In this paper we investigate the mobility effects impact on the millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication system performance. At the first step we introduce the mobility model on the example of the pedestrian motion and discuss its parameters for different environments. The impact of mobility on the system performance is estimated by comparison of channel properties vs. mmWave IEEE 802.11ad system parameters. The considered channel characteristics are calculated on the base of the Quasi-Deterministic (Q-D) channel model developed in MiWEBA project and available experimental measurement data. It is shown that mobile pedestrian channel is frequency-selective but stationary on the signal frame duration. The long-term mobility impact on the communication system performance is investigated on the PHY layer for signal bandwidths 500-2000 MHz. It is demonstrated that the system with wider bandwidth demonstrates 2-4 dB gain over the narrow-band one.
Unusual manifestations of premenstrual syndrome

Abstract The authors have identified six unusual manifestations of premenstrual syndrome: (i) typical premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms during ovulation; (ii) upper airway infection in the premenstrual phase that remits after onset of menstruation; (iii) recurrent perimenstrual erythematous and edematous skin plaques; (iv) hypomanic or manic state 2–3 days before onset of menstruation; (v) auditory hallucinations and delusion of reference, present only premenstrually; and (vi) remitted bipolar disorder presenting with premenstrual psychotic features. Psychiatrists should be aware of menstrual cycle‐related changes in mental illness, physical illness, or both in women of reproductive age, if cyclic trends are suspected.
Advocacy for the Poor

While a large body of research examines cross-state variation in social policy, few studies systematically examine the policy influence of organizations that advocate on behalf of people living in poverty. This article examines relationships between state advocacy communities and policy choices following the passage of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), or welfare reform. Using an original data set of states’ advocacy communities, political and economic characteristics, and welfare policy choices, the article analyzes whether a state’s advocacy community is associated with its decisions to reduce the government’s commitment to low-income families on one hand and enact policies providing additional supports to families on the other. The analysis reveals that significant relationships exist for both types of policies, suggesting that organizational advocates may play a role in shaping state-level social policy decisions.
Ready to Stop: Socioeconomic Status and the Fertility Transition in Stockholm, 1878–1926

The western fertility decline is arguably the most significant demographic change to have occurred in the past 200 years, yet its causes and processes are still shrouded in ambiguity due to a lack of individual-level longitudinal data. A growing body of research has helped improve our understanding of the decline's causes by examining the development of socioeconomic differences in fertility using historical micro-data, but these have largely only considered rural areas where fertility was generally slower to decline. This article contributes to the literature by utilizing individual-level data from the Roteman Database for Stockholm, Sweden between 1878 and 1926 to examine the association of socioeconomic status and fertility and the adoption of stopping behaviour during the city's transition. Using piecewise constant hazard models and logistic regression, we find that a clear class pattern arises in which the elite were early practitioners of fertility control, followed by the working classes. As the transition unfolded, socioeconomic differences in stopping behaviour disappeared and overall fertility differentials were also minimized, both of them being consistent with patterns observed in rural populations. The implications of these findings for major explanations of the decline are discussed in the concluding section.
Fabrication of niobium titanium nitride thin films with high superconducting transition temperatures and short penetration lengths

We report a systematic study of the superconducting and normal state properties of reactively sputtered Nb/sub 0.62/Ti/sub 0.38/N thin films deposited on thermally oxidized Si wafers. The superconducting transition temperature (T/sub c/) was found to increase from 12 K for films prepared on unheated substrates to over 16 K for films prepared on substrates maintained at 450/spl deg/C. A Nb buffer layer was found to improve T/sub c/ by /spl sim/0.5 K for growths at lower substrate temperatures. The films fabricated at 450/spl deg/C have an amply smooth surface (1.5/spl plusmn/0.25 nm root mean square roughness), a sufficiently high T/sub c/, and sufficiently small penetration depth (200/spl plusmn/20 nm at 10 K) to be useful as ground planes and electrodes for current-generation 10 K rapid single-flux quantum circuit technology.
Parallelism in Comparison Problems

The worst-case time complexity of algorithms for multiprocessor computers with binary comparisons as the basic operations is investigated. It is shown that for the problems of finding the maximum, sorting, and merging a pair of sorted lists, if n, the size of the input set, is not less than k, the number of processors, speedups of at least $O(k/\log \log k)$ can be achieved with respect to comparison operations. The algorithm for finding the maximum is shown to be optimal for all values of k and n.
Burden of Geriatric Events Among Older Adults Undergoing Major Cancer Surgery.

PURPOSE Most malignancies are diagnosed in older adults who are potentially susceptible to aging-related health conditions; however, the manifestation of geriatric syndromes during surgical cancer treatment is not well quantified. Accordingly, we sought to assess the prevalence and ramifications of geriatric events during major surgery for cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using Nationwide Inpatient Sample data from 2009 to 2011, we examined hospital admissions for major cancer surgery among elderly patients (ie, age ≥ 65 years) and a referent group age 55 to 64 years. From these observations, we identified geriatric events that included delirium, dehydration, falls and fractures, failure to thrive, and pressure ulcers. We then estimated the collective prevalence of these events according to age, comorbidity, and cancer site and further explored their relationship with other hospital-based outcomes. RESULTS Within a weighted sample of 939,150 patients, we identified at least one event in 9.2% of patients. Geriatric events were most common among patients age ≥ 75 years, with a Charlson comorbidity score ≥ 2, and who were undergoing surgery for cancer of the bladder, ovary, colon and/or rectum, pancreas, or stomach (P < .001). Adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics, those patients who experienced a geriatric event had a greater likelihood of concurrent complications (odds ratio [OR], 3.73; 95% CI, 3.55 to 3.92), prolonged hospitalization (OR, 5.47; 95% CI, 5.16 to 5.80), incurring high cost (OR, 4.97; 95% CI, 4.58 to 5.39), inpatient mortality (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.94 to 3.53), and a discharge disposition other than home (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 3.46 to 3.84). CONCLUSION Many older patients who receive cancer-directed surgery experience a geriatric event, particularly those who undergo major abdominal surgery. These events are linked to operative morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and more expensive health care. As our population ages, efforts focused on addressing conditions and complications that are more common in older adults will be essential to delivering high-quality cancer care.
Distribution of human group a rotavirus VP7 and VP4 types circulating in Seoul, Korea between 1998 and 2000

Three hundred forty‐eight fecal specimens collected from young children with acute diarrhea in Seoul, Korea between January 1998 and February 2000 were examined for G and P types. Of these, 205 samples (59%) were confirmed as group A rotavirus by ELISA for the detection of VP6 antigen. Confirmed rotavirus isolates were characterized using G serotyping ELISA and RT‐PCR methodologies for G and P genotyping of the outer capsid proteins VP7 and VP4, respectively. Serotyping of the outer capsid protein, VP7, revealed G4 as the dominant circulating serotype (41%) followed by G1 (28%) and quite a high incidence of mixed infection (14%). Genotyping of the VP4 protein was carried out on 55 of the rotavirus isolates with the dominant type being P[8] (46%). Of interest were a number of unusual G and P type combinations detected in Korea for the first time, especially the P[4] genotype associated with non‐G2 serotypes. There were also a number of P[6] isolates identified including one G2P[6] isolate. J. Med. Virol. 70: 324–328, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterisation and cytomodulatory properties of peptides from Mozzarella di Bufala Campana cheese whey

Bioactive peptides are present in a latent state, encrypted within the amino acid sequence of milk proteins, requiring enzymatic proteolysis for their release. They can be produced by gastrointestinal digestion or food processing, thus they can be present in fermented milks, cheese and also in the by‐products of dairy industry such as waste whey. The spectrum of biological activity covered by milk‐derived peptides is extremely wide, including antibacterial, immunostimulating, antihypertensive, antithrombotic and opioid actions. However, the characterisation of milk‐derived peptides with classical analytical methodologies is severely challenged by the complexity of the milk protein fraction and by the wide dynamic range of relative peptide abundance in both dairy products and by‐products. Here we report the characterisation of the peptide fraction released in the whey during the different production stages of Mozzarella di Bufala Campana cheese. The peptide extracts were separated by RP HPLC and analysed by MS in order to identify the peptides produced and to trace the pathway of formation of potential bioactive peptides. The antioxidant properties and the modulatory effect on the cell cycle exerted by the peptide extracts were also studied in CaCo2 cell line. We found that a significant antiproliferative effect on CaCo2 was exerted by Mozzarella di Bufala waste whey peptides. Copyright © 2008 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coexpression of the Maize 6-Zein and p-Zein Genes Results in Stable Accumulation of 6-Zein in Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Protein Bodies Formed by p-Zein

Zeins, the major seed storage proteins of maize, are of four distinct types: (Y, p, S, and y. They are synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a sequential manner and deposited in ER-derived protein bodies. We investigated the potential for producing sulfur-rich p-zein and 6-zein proteins in leaf and seed tissues by expressing the corresponding genes in a constitutive manner in transgenic tobacco. The 6-zein and @-zein, when synthesized individually, were stable in the vegetative tissues and were deposited in unique, zein-specific ER-derived protein bodies. Coexpression of 6-zein and p-zein genes, however, showed that 6-zein was colocalized in p-zein-containing protein bodies and that the leve1 of 6-zein was fivefold higher in 6-/@-zein plants than in S-zein plants. We conclude that 6-zein interacts with p-rein and that the interaction has a stabilizing effect on 6-zein.
Evitar Divulgar Perdas: Um Estudo Empírico do Gerenciamento de Resultados por Meio de Decisões Operacionais

The aim of this paper is to verify whether Brazilian companies listed on the BMF by reducing selling, general and administrative expenses (SGA and by increasing production to report lower costs of goods sold. The results show that the companies did use SG&A to avoid reporting losses, but did not manipulate sales or levels of production for such purposes. The evidence presented suggests that in Brazil managers are only able to manipulate operational activities by reducing operating expenses (SG&A), probably due a lack of flexibility in the production process and the cash flow constraints faced by Brazilian companies. From a users' perspective, this paper finds that companies do use earnings management via operating decisions to avoid disclosing losses to capital markets, which is consistent with the Prospect Theory.
The Endogenous Relative Price of Investment

This paper takes a full-information model-based approach to evaluate the link between investment-specific technology and the inverse of the relative price of investment. The two-sector model presented includes monopolistic competition where firms can vary the markup charged on their product depending on the number of firms competing. With these changes to the standard two-sector model, both total factor productivity as well as a series of non-technological shocks can impact the high-frequency volatility of the relative price of investment. Utilizing a Bayesian estimation approach to match the model to the data, we find that investment-specific technology can explain at most half of the growth rate of the relative price of investment. Last of all, we compare the benchmark model results with endogenous movement in the relative price of investment to a model where all movement in the relative price of investment is derived exogenously. This is done by allowing technologies across sectors to move together over time. Comparison of these two methods finds that the exogenous approach is incapable of capturing changes in the relative price of investment as found in the data. This paper adds to the growing list of research, like that of Fisher (2009) and Basu et al. (2013), that suggests that the quality-adjusted relative price of investment may be a poor indicator of investment-specific technology.
Motion corrected LV quantification based on 3D modelling for improved functional assessment in cardiac MRI

Cine MRI is a clinical reference standard for the quantitative assessment of cardiac function, but reproducibility is confounded by motion artefacts. We explore the feasibility of a motion corrected 3D left ventricle (LV) quantification method, incorporating multislice image registration into the 3D model reconstruction, to improve reproducibility of 3D LV functional quantification. Multi-breath-hold short-axis and radial long-axis images were acquired from 10 patients and 10 healthy subjects. The proposed framework reduced misalignment between slices to subpixel accuracy (2.88 to 1.21 mm), and improved interstudy reproducibility for 5 important clinical functional measures, i.e. end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, ejection fraction, myocardial mass and 3D-sphericity index, as reflected in a reduction in the sample size required to detect statistically significant cardiac changes: a reduction of 21–66%. Our investigation on the optimum registration parameters, including both cardiac time frames and number of long-axis (LA) slices, suggested that a single time frame is adequate for motion correction whereas integrating more LA slices can improve registration and model reconstruction accuracy for improved functional quantification especially on datasets with severe motion artefacts.
Un nuevo género de la familia Megatheridae

El doctor Rodolfo Hauthal tuvo a bien enviarme para ser determinados, dos fragmentos de maxilar de un genero de la familia Megatheridae, recogidos por el mismo en la altiplanicie de Abra Pampa, durante su viaje a Bolivia.Habiendo tenido la ocasion de conversar con el doctor Florentino Ameghino acerca de dicho hallazgo, este senor tuvo la amabilidad de confiarme para su descripcion, unos fragmentos de esqueleto del mismo genero, procedentes de la misma region.
Preparation, characterization, and in vitro antioxidant activity of pH-sensitive resveratrol microcapsule in simulated intestinal fluids

ABSTRACT Shellac resin ammonium salts (SRAS) were prepared from the natural product of shellac resin and ammonium hydroxide by amidation. Resveratrol (RES) was embedded with SRAS to improve its thermostability, antioxidant activity, and bioavailability. The absorption of RES was promoted in the intestinal tract. Meanwhile, an enteric-coated microcapsule-loaded RES was successfully established by spray drying technology. The RES microcapsule exhibited a spherical shape and perfect stability as well as outstanding sustainable release character in simulated intestinal release experiment. Moreover, SRAS/RES presented a dose-dependent manner with a much higher radical scavenging activity of DPPH· and ABTS+ compared to the pure RES. Therefore, a kind of new pH-sensitive RES microcapsule established may act as a favorable carrier for an insoluble antioxidant ingredient in the potentially new food delivery system on functional food supplements.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Structural Robustness in Complex Networks

As the robustness of network is mainly determined by the number of redundant paths in the network, many networks perform well in some robustness metrics just because of their large network sizes. It is well-known that edge addition can remarkably enhance the robustness of complex networks. However, more edges lead to more costs. Thus, it is an interesting and significant problem to obtain a cost-efficient network for robustness. In our recent work, the natural connectivity has been proposed as a spectral measure of robustness in complex networks as it has an intuitive physical meaning and a simple mathematical formulation, which has proved reliably in measuring structure robustness. In this paper, we propose to measure the cost-effectiveness ratio of network robustness using the concept of relative natural connectivity, which is defined as the ratio of the natural connectivity of a network to the natural connectivity of the referential Erdös-Rényi random graph with the same network size and edge density. Extensive numerical simulations confirm our method.