Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 109–137 GHz power amplifier in SiGe BiCMOS with 16.5 dBm output power and 12.8% PAE

This paper presents a 3-stage differential cascode power amplifier (PA) for 109–137 GHz applications. At 120 GHz the circuit delivers 16.5 dBm saturated output power with 12.8 % power-added efficiency (PAE) without using power combining techniques. The chip was fabricated in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology offering heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBT) with fT/fmax of 300/500 GHz. The PA consists of three stages optimized accordingly to the design goals. The first stage operates in class A to provide high gain while the two following stages are biased in class AB and deep class AB in order to increase the efficiency. The circuit draws a maximum current of 100 mA from 3.3 V and 4 V supplies. It occupies only 0.24 mm2 chip area excluding baluns and bondpads, which makes it attractive for future power combiners. The presented amplifier is suitable for radar applications, that require a high dynamic range.
A Novel Flash-based FPGA Technology with Deep Trench Isolation

A highly scalable flash-based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology has been achieved with Deep Trench Isolation (DTI). The DTI allows for a reduced cell size and enables Independent Pwell (IPW) array operation. The IPW FPGA array operation requires less than + 10 V during Uniform Channel FN-FN programming and shows negligible gate disturb. Additionally, it eliminates Gate-Induced Drain Leakage (GIDL) during programming. Characterization of a FPGA cell and array with 90 nm design rules is demonstrated with excellent electrical characteristics.
On Modeling Sense Relatedness in Multi-prototype Word Embedding

To enhance the expression ability of distributional word representation learning model, many researchers tend to induce word senses through clustering, and learn multiple embedding vectors for each word, namely multi-prototype word embedding model. However, most related work ignores the relatedness among word senses which actually plays an important role. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to capture word sense relatedness in multi-prototype word embedding model. Particularly, we differentiate the original sense and extended senses of a word by introducing their global occurrence information and model their relatedness through the local textual context information. Based on the idea of fuzzy clustering, we introduce a random process to integrate these two types of senses and design two non-parametric methods for word sense induction. To make our model more scalable and efficient, we use an online joint learning framework extended from the Skip-gram model. The experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms both conventional single-prototype embedding models and other multi-prototype embedding models, and achieves more stable performance when trained on smaller data.
Auto++

In this work, we propose a system that detects approaching cars for smartphone users. In addition to detecting the presence of a vehicle, it can also estimate the vehicle’s driving direction, as well as count the number of cars around the user. We achieve these goals by processing the acoustic signal captured by microphones embedded in the user’s mobile phone. The largest challenge we faced involved addressing the fact that vehicular noise is predominantly due to tire-road friction, and therefore lacked strong (frequency) formant or temporal structure. Additionally, outdoor environments have complex acoustic noise characteristics, which are made worse when the signal is captured by non-professional grade microphones embedded in smartphones. We address these challenges by monitoring a new feature: maximal frequency component that crosses a threshold. We extract this feature with a blurred edge detector. Through detailed experiments, we found our system to be robust across different vehicles and environmental conditions, and thereby support unsupervised car detection and counting. We evaluated our system using audio tracks recorded from seven different models of cars, including SUVs, medium-sized sedans, compact cars, and electric cars. We also tested our system with the user walking in various outdoor environments including parking lots, campus roads, residential areas, and shopping centers. Our results show that we can accurately and robustly detect cars with low CPU and memory requirements.
Cytokines and Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Inflammatory Response during Acute Pyelonephritis

Urinary tract infection is a common bacterial infection of childhood. Renal parenchymal scarring, a recognised complication of urinary tract infection, is responsible for up to 24% of children entering end-stage renal failure. Why acute inflammation results in renal scarring in some children whilst in others complete resolution occurs without scarring is at present poorly understood. This article reviews the role of the cytokines, adhesion molecules and growth factors in the inflammatory response during acute pyelonephritis and renal parenchymal scarring. We hypothesize that inter-individual variability in cellular response may in part be responsible for this variable clinical outcome.
Apolipoprotein A-I Zavalla ( Leu 159 3 Pro ) HDL Cholesterol Deficiency in a Kindred Associated With Premature Coronary Artery Disease

We investigated the molecular defect causing high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) deficiency in a male proband and his family members. Amplification and sequencing of genomic DNA disclosed a novel base-pair substitution at residue 159 in the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene. This substitution resulted in the loss of an AviII restriction site and a predicted substitution of leucine with proline at residue 159. Restriction enzyme analysis demonstrated absence of the AviII site in 19 of 40 biological family members. Compared with familial controls, subjects with the apoA-I Zavalla variant had reduced HDL-C (1.16 versus 0.27 mmol/L, P,0.0001), apoA-I (38.7 versus 124.4 mg/dL, P 0.0001), and apoA-II (14.3 versus 19.0 mg/dL, P,0.0001) levels. Two subjects who have developed coronary artery disease to date possess additional cardiovascular risk factors. Other heterozygotes for apoA-IZavalla are presently without symptomatic coronary artery disease. This study identifies a monogenic cause of hypoalphalipoproteinemia, with the single base-pair substitution having a dominant effect on the low HDL-C phenotype. In addition, it extends recent observations that HDL-C deficiency states may be more prone to the development of premature coronary artery disease when accompanied by additional cardiovascular risk factors. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 1998;18:1242-1247.)
Soluble human leukocyte antigen G in early human embryo cultures after assisted reproduction procedures

2Fertility Clinic, Vilnius, Lithuania Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA class I molecule which can be expressed in the membrane-bound or soluble form and is well known for its tolerogenic properties. Increasing interest is now being addressed to the soluble forms, because they might have prognostic properties in the implantation and pregnancy process. The aim of our study was to evaluate a correlation between embryo cleavage, morphology and soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) levels, to estimate the impact of sHLA-G concentration on pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: The study was performed on a group of infertile patients with various infertility indications. In vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure were used for insemination. After 72 h, on the day of transfer, the embryo morphology was evaluated, emryo transfer (ET) according to embryo morphology was performed, the supernatants of the transferred embryos were collected and stored at –90 °C. For the quantitative measurement of soluble forms of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G in cell culture supernatant we used the ELISA method. The ELISA kit from EXBIO Praha measures soluble HLA-G1 and HLA-G5 isoforms, plates are coated with mem-G9 MoAb and components are ready to use. The analysis of results was performed using the Statistics Package for Social Sciences SPSS 12.0. Results: A total of 16 couples participated in this study. In all, 145 embryo culture supernatants were tested for sHLA-G. Soluble form of human leukocyte antigen G was detected in 12 (9.0%) embryo culture samples (range, 0.4–20.5 IU/ml). The production of human leukocyte antigen did not depend on the morphological criteria of the embryo. No significant differences were found between sHLA-G concentration in patients from the IVF and ICSI groups. sHLA-G levels did not differ significantly in the embryo cleavage rate and pregnancy outcome. Conclusions: day 3 embryos secrete sHLA-G to the surrounding medium; the level of those soluble molecules can be detected using ELISA. The concentration of the human leukocyte antigen did not correlate with the number of blastomere and with the morphological criteria of the embryo. SHLA-G might be one of the markers of embryo implantation potential after IVF / ICSI procedures as a factor that helps to achieve and maintain pregnancy, but further investigations are required.
Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus DNA by using the polymerase chain reaction

The polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the DNA copy number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Differences in polymerase chain reaction amplification efficiency were controlled by amplifying known amounts of HIV DNA in parallel with samples. This technique is a sensitive, accurate, and reproducible method for the quantitation of HIV DNA.
Investigational selectin-targeted therapy of sickle cell disease

Introduction: Under conditions of blood flow, selectins mediate the intercellular adhesion between erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and vascular endothelium that contribute to vaso-occlusion and tissue damage in sickle cell disease (SCD). Therefore, selectin antagonists have the potential to ameliorate SCD. Areas covered: In this review, the author discusses the cellular and molecular basis of vaso-occlusion in SCD, and presents evidence that selectin-mediated cell adhesion has clinical importance in this disorder. The author discusses molecular structure of human selectins and their physiological ligands and highlights clinical trials of selectin-targeted therapy of SCD. Herein, the author also assesses the benefits and limitations of the selectin antagonists that are currently under evaluation for SCD, and offers suggestions for the future. Expert opinion: In Phase I and II clinical trials, rivipansel and heparin demonstrated promising efficacy and safety in SCD. Although selectin blockade could potentially impair immune response, an increased incidence of infection was not reported in SCD patients treated with heparin (n = 127) or rivipansel (n = 111). The efficacy and safety findings from Phase I and II clinical studies are encouraging the commencement of Phase III studies to further evaluate selectin-targeted therapy in SCD.
Evaluation of scalable TCP

Summary form only given. TCP congestion control can perform badly in highspeed wide area networks because of its slow response with large congestion window. The challenge for any alternative protocol is to better utilize networks with high bandwidth-delay products in a simple and robust manner without interacting badly with existing traffic. Scalable TCP is a simple sender side alteration to the TCP congestion window update algorithm. In this paper we numerically evaluate the congestion control method of scalable TCPs and its impact on other existing TCP versions. The general purpose of this work is to study the behavior of scalable TCP not only in situations where it was reportedly performing good but also under more extreme conditions. We also revealed whether scalable TCP maintains an acceptable fairness towards highspeed and/or regular TCP versions. Fairness of scalable TCPs with different round trip times are also investigated.
The Role of Incentive Design, Incentive Value, Communications Strategy, and Worksite Culture on Health Risk Assessment Participation

Purpose. To examine the impact of financial incentives, communications strategy, and worksite culture on health risk assessment (HRA) participation rates. Design. A cross-sectional study design was used to examine factors that influence employee participation, including incentive value, incentive design, communications strategy, and worksite culture. Setting. Large private-sector and public-sector employers. Participants. Thirty-six employers (n = 559,988 employees) that provided financial incentives to promote employee HRA participation. Intervention. Organizations implemented the HRA as part of a more comprehensive worksite health promotion strategy that included follow-up interventions and a variety of other components. The primary outcome of interest was employee HRA participation. Measures. Information on program design and structure, as well as on HRA eligibility and participation, was collected for each organization via standard client report and semi-structured interviews with account managers. General linear regression models were used to examine the extent to which factors influence HRA participation independently and when controlled for other factors. Results. Incentive value (r2 = .433; p < .000), benefits-integrated incentive design (r2 = .184; p = .009), culture (r2 = .113; p = .045), and communications strategy (r2 = .300; p = .001) had positive bivariate associations with HRA participation rates. When all factors were included in the model, incentive value (p = .001) and communications strategy (p = .023) were significantly associated with HRA participation. Variance accounted for by all factors combined was R2 = . 584. Conclusion. This study suggests that incentive value, incentive type, supportive worksite culture, and comprehensive communications strategy may all play a role in increasing HRA participation.
Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene pfmdr1 in Plasmodium falciparum has arisen as multiple independent events

The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype in mammalian tumor cells can involve amplification of mdr genes that results in overexpression of the protein product termed P-glycoprotein. Chloroquine resistance (CQR) in Plasmodium falciparum has similarities with the MDR phenotype in tumor cells, and some isolates of P. falciparum have amplified levels of the pfmdr1 gene. To investigate the nature and origin of pfmdr1 amplicons, we have cloned large regions of a 110-kb amplicon from the CQR cloned isolate B8 by using the yeast artificial chromosome system. We have identified and sequenced the breakpoints of the amplicon by a novel method employing inverted polymerase chain reaction that is applicable to analysis of any large-scale repeat. We show that the five copies of the amplicon in this isolate are in a head to tail configuration. A string of 30 A's flank the breakpoints on each side of the amplified segment, suggesting a mechanism for the origin of the tandem amplification. Polymerase chain reaction analysis with oligonucleotides that cross the B8 breakpoint has shown in 26 independent CQR isolates, 16 of which contain amplified copies of pfmdr1, that amplification of the pfmdr1 gene in P. falciparum has arisen as multiple independent events. These results suggest that this region of the genome is under strong selective pressure.
Interprocedural Heap Analysis using Access Graphs and Value Contexts

Emperical studies have shown that interprocedural heap liveness analysis can be used to significantly improve garbage collection, thereby reducing memory consumption of programs. The main difficulty in achieving this goal is the unbounded nature of the heap, which makes it notoriously difficult to statically analyze using finite abstractions. A recent technique known as heap reference analysis can discover sets of live access paths using bounded access graphs, which can be used to nullify dead references or augment the garbage collector for improved precision. However, this analysis requires information about possibly aliased access paths for correctness. Classical approaches to heap alias analysis provide sound but imprecise results, due to extensive summarizations performed for keeping the representation finite. This imprecision introduces a large amount of redundant live access paths if used by the liveness analysis directly, thereby diminishing the gains of liveness-based GC. This project makes the following major contributions: (1) a liveness-driven heap abstraction is developed which is as expressible as required by the access graphs and thus can be used to answer alias queries precisely, (2) a technique called “dynamic heap pruning” is introduced, which uses the resulting access graphs to perform memory optimizations at run-time via a debugger API, (3) a generic interprocedural analysis framework is implemented for Soot, which is a popular toolkit for Java program analysis and (4) experimental results are provided for an instance of this framework that performs a flow and context-sensitive points-to analysis to resolve virtual method invocations and constructs the call graph on-the-fly; the resulting call graphs have been found to be much more precise than those that Soot provides by default.
Improved strong tracking filter algorithm for dynamic positioning vessels

Designing the state observer is to filter the noise of the data in dynamic positioning (DP) system. The state observer can filter out high frequency interference and then estimate the system state information. Here, a kind of state observer of dynamic positioning vessel is designed to estimate vessel states based on improved strong tracking filter algorithm. For comparison, it s filtering effects are compared with those of extended Kalman filter algorithm on the premise of the same simulation environment. It is shown that improved strong tracking filter is proved to have better filtering effects. Besides, it also showed a better tracking performance even with a sudden change in the DP system.
Pinning impulsive Synchronization of Complex Dynamical Networks

In this paper, the problem of pinning impulsive synchronization for complex dynamical networks with directed or undirected but a strongly connected topology is investigated. To remedy this problem, we propose an efficient algorithm to find certain suitable nodes to be controlled via pinning and these selected nodes, in general, could be different at distinct impulsive time instants. The proposed algorithm guarantees the efficiency of the designed pinning impulsive strategy for the global exponential synchronization of state-coupled dynamical networks under an easily-verified condition. In other words, impulsive controllers and an efficient algorithm are designed to control a small fraction of the nodes, which successfully controls the whole dynamical network. Furthermore, we also estimate the upper bound of the number of pinning nodes, which is shown to be closely related to the impulsive intervals. The relationship implies that the required number of pinning nodes, which should be controlled for the successful control of the whole dynamical network, can be greatly reduced by reducing the impulses interval. Finally, simulations of scale-free and small-world networks are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Multiple sclerosis prevalence in Ireland: relationship to vitamin D status and HLA genotype

Background The relationship between prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and latitude may be due to both genetic and environmental factors. The hypothesis that, in Ireland, MS prevalence is increasing and that north–south differences relate to variation in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels was tested in this study. Patients and methods Patients and matched control subjects were identified in counties Donegal, Wexford and South Dublin through multiple sources. Prevalence was determined. Blood samples were taken for serum 25(OH)D and serum intact parathyroid hormone measurement, and DNA was extracted. Results Prevalence in 2007 was significantly greater in Donegal (northwest) (290.3/105, 95% CI 262.3 to 321.7) compared with 2001 (184.6/105; 162 to 209.5). In Wexford (southeast), there was a non-significant increase in prevalence in 2007 compared with 2001. Prevalence was significantly higher in Donegal than in Wexford (144.8/105; 126.7 to 167.8, p<0.0001) and South Dublin (127.8/105; 111.3 to 148.2, p<0.0001). Overall, mean 25(OH)D levels were low and did not differ between patients (38.6 nmol/l) and controls (36.4 nmol/l) However, significantly more patients than controls had 25(OH)D levels <25 nmol/l (deficiency) (p=0.004). Levels of 25(OH)D (mean 50.74 nmol/l) were significantly higher in South Dublin (area with lowest prevalence) (p<0.0001) than in Donegal or Wexford. HLA DRB1*15 occurred most frequently in Donegal (greatest MS prevalence) and least frequently in South Dublin. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common in Ireland. Latitudinal variation in MS probably relates to an interaction between genetic factors and environment (25(OH)D levels), and MS risk may be modified by vitamin D in genetically susceptible individuals.
Aprendizaje competitivo LVQ para la desambiguación léxica

Word Sense Disambiguation improves several tasks of Natural Language Processing. We present a supervised disambiguator based on Vector Space Model, where its weights are trained with a learning vector quantization algorithm based on the Kohonen Model (LVQ algorithm) and using different semantic relations of WordNet and SemCor corpus. We also include an evaluation making a simulation of participation in SENSEVAL-2, obtaining a good position.
A Deflation Method for Structured Probabilistic PCA

Modern treatments of structured Principal Component Analysis often focus on the estimation of a single component under various assumptions or priors, such as sparsity and smoothness, and then the procedure is extended to multiple components by sequential estimation interleaved with deflation. While prior work has highlighted the importance of proper deflation for ensuring the quality of the estimated components, to our knowledge, proposed techniques have only been developed and applied to non-probabilistic principal component analyses, and are not trivially extended to probabilistic analyses. This work introduces a novel, robust and efficient deflation method for Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis using tools recently developed for constrained probabilistic estimation via information projection. The components estimated using the proposed deflation regain some of the interpretability of classic PCA such as straightforward estimates of variance explained, while retaining the ability to incorporate rich prior structure. Moreover, sequential estimation allows for scaling probabilistic techniques to be at par with their deterministic counterparts. Experimental results on simulated data demonstrate the utility of the proposed deflation in terms of component recovery, and evaluation on neuroimaging data show both qualitative and quantitative improvements in the quality of the estimated components. We also present timing experiments on real data to illustrate the importance of sequential estimation with proper deflation for scalability.
Linkage of a De‐Identified United States Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry With Administrative Data to Facilitate Comparative Effectiveness Research

Linkages between registries and administrative data may provide a valuable resource for comparative effectiveness research. However, personal identifiers that uniquely identify individuals are not always available. Here we describe methods to link a de‐identified arthritis registry and US Medicare data. The linked data set was also used to evaluate the generalizability of the registry to the US Medicare population.