Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of gene therapy for intimal hyperplasia of bypass grafts.

BACKGROUND Proliferation of the intima is an early lesion of saphenous vein graft disease. Early patency rates of radial artery grafts are acceptable, but little is known about their risk of intimal hyperplasia. METHODS AND RESULTS To develop a model of intimal hyperplasia, we incubated human saphenous veins, internal mammary arteries, and radial arteries (n=6, 8, and 10, respectively) in an organ culture with Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (30% serum) for 0, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days. Quantitative histological studies were performed, and the average intimal-to-medial (I/M) ratio was calculated for each incubation interval. After 10 and 14 days of culture, the I/M ratio increased in the saphenous veins (P=0. 03, P=0.04 versus 0 day, respectively). No significant increase occurred in the I/M ratio in either the internal mammary or radial arteries. Next, the ability of adenoviral gene transfers to inhibit intimal hyperplasia in the saphenous veins was evaluated. Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of nitric oxide synthase significantly reduced the I/M ratio at 14 days compared with vehicle (P=0.001) and virus (P=0.004) controls. CONCLUSIONS The human saphenous vein has a greater propensity for intimal hyperplasia than arterial grafts; the human radial artery behaves similarly to the internal mammary artery. In the future, gene therapy may augment nitric oxide synthase, limiting vein graft disease.
Predicting quality attributes of software product lines using software and network measures and sampling

Software product-line engineering aims at developing families of related products that share common assets to provide customers with tailor-made products. Customers are often interested not only in particular functionalities (i.e., features), but also in non-functional quality attributes, such as performance, reliability, and footprint. Measuring quality attributes of all products of a product line usually does not scale. In this research-in-progress report, we propose a systematic approach aiming at efficient and scalable prediction of quality attributes of products. To this end, we establish predictors for certain categories of quality attributes (e.g., a predictor for high memory consumption) based on software and network measures, and receiver operating characteristic analysis. We use these predictors to guide a sampling process that takes the assets of a product line as input and determines the products that fall into the category denoted by the given predictor (e.g., products with high memory consumption). We propose to use predictors to make the process of finding "acceptable" products more efficient. We discuss and compare several strategies to incorporate predictors in the sampling process.
Opposing effects of ultraviolet B irradiation on interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist and interleukin‐1α messenger RNA expression in a human epidermoid carcinoma cell line

Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RA) is a cytokine that acts to antagonize IL‐1 activity without agonist function. The expression of IL‐1RA has been reported in many cell types, including the keratinocyte that covers the outer most part of the skin. However the modulation of IL‐1RA by ultraviolet B (UVB), which is the most biologically active UV, has not been reported yet. We therefore selected a keratinocyte cell line with a cytokine‐producing profile similar to that of keratinocytes and tested the effect of UVB on its ability to produce IL‐1RA mRNA. IL‐1RA mRNA was constitutively expressed in the cell line and began to be suppressed by 3 h after the UVB irradiation with 100 mJ/cm2. The level of IL‐1RA expression became lowest by 16 h after the irradiation with 100 mJ/cm2. Simultaneously, IL‐1α mRNA started to increase by 1 h and peaked by 3–16 h after the irradiation with 10–100 mJ/cm2. The differential expression of IL‐1α and IL‐1RA mRNA following exposure to a high dose (100 mJ/cm2) of UVB may markedly potentiate the role of IL‐1 in UV‐induced inflammation.
The Design of Patent Pools: The Determinants of Licensing Rules

Patent pools are an important but little-studied economic institution. In this article, we first make a set of predictions about the licensing terms associated with patent pools. The theoretical framework predicts that (i) pools consisting of complementary patents are more likely to allow members to engage in independent licensing and (ii) the requirement that firms license patents to the pool (grantbacks) should be associated with pools that consist of complements and allow independent licensing. We then examine the terms of 63 pools, and show that licensing rules are consistent with these hypotheses.
An algorithm for dual-channel noiseless signal reconstruction and its performance analysis

We present an algorithm for estimating a two-input two-output system and recovering its inputs from noise-free observations of its outputs. The algorithm involves minimization of a set of cross-correlations between the reconstructed signals and a nonlinear function of these signals. A performance analysis of the algorithm is presented. It is shown that for the optimal choice of the nonlinear function, the performance of the algorithm is close to the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB). Other choices of the function provide insights into the performance of moment/cumulant-based deconvolution techniques.
Predictive Models for Determining If and When to Display Online Lead Forms

This paper will demonstrate a machine learning application for predicting positive lead conversion events on the Edmunds.com website, an American destination for car shopping. A positive conversion event occurs when a user fills out and submits a lead form interstitial. We used machine learning to identify which users might want to fill out lead forms, and where in their sessions to present the interstitials. There are several factors that make these predictions difficult, such as (a) far more negative than positive responses (b) seasonality effects due to car sales events near holidays, which require the model to be easily tunable and (c) the need for computationally fast predictions for real-time decision-making in order to minimize any impact on the website’s usability. Rather than develop a single highly complex model, we used an ensemble of three simple models: Naive Bayes, Markov Chain, and Vowpal Wabbit. The ensemble generated significant lift over random predictions and demonstrated comparable accuracy to an external consulting company’s model.
Optimal power policy and throughput analysis in cognitive broadcast networks under primary's outage constraint

This paper focuses on a spectrum-sharing based cognitive radio fading broadcast channel (BC) with a singleantenna secondary base station (SBS) and M secondary receivers (SRs) concurrently utilizing the same spectrum band with one delay-sensitive primary user (PU). The quality-of-service requirement in the primary network is given by the primary user's outage probability constraint (POC). We address the optimal power allocation problem for the ergodic sum capacity (ESC) maximization in the secondary BC network subject to a POC and an average transmit power constraint at SBS. Optimality conditions reveal that in each fading block SBS will choose only one SR with the highest channel power gain and allocate the block to that user. Furthermore, if PU's power strategy is assumed to be ON-OFF with constant power when ON, the secondary network throughput scaling for largeM in Rayleigh fading is also investigated. It is shown that the secondary sum throughput in Rayleigh fading BC scales like O(log(logM)). Numerical results support the theoretical results derived in the paper.
Association of Traditional Risk Factors With Coronary Calcification in Persons With a Family History of Premature Coronary Heart Disease

Background Genetic factors strongly influence the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but their contribution to variation in coronary atherosclerosis beyond that measured by traditional CHD risk factors is uncertain. Methods We recruited healthy subjects with family histories of premature CHD. We assessed traditional risk factors and performed electron beam tomography (EBT) to quantitate coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of coronary atherosclerosis. Persons with significant risk factors that included diabetes, total cholesterol >300 mg/dL, active cigarette smoking, and poorly controlled hypertension were excluded from the study. In this paper, we report on the relationship between traditional risk factors and CAC in this cohort. Results The incidence of coronary calcification was significantly higher in this cohort than in the population-based Rochester Heart Study. In our cohort, most traditional risk factors were significantly associated with CAC on univariate analysis. On the other hand, in stepwise logistical regression, age and triglycerides were the only predictors of variation in CAC in men and accounted for only 30% of the variation; in women, age, body mass index (BMI), and triglycerides were the only traditional risk factors significantly associated with CAC variation and accounted for 22.2% of CAC variance. Conclusions In a cohort of subjects specifically selected for the characteristic of a family history of premature CHD, traditional risk factors accounted for less than one-third of the variation in CAC, and the most important predictors of CAC after age were plasma triglycerides. This supports the opinion that other inherited risk factors have important effects on the variation in coronary atherosclerosis and that the strategy of using EBT to phenotype clinically asymptomatic subjects with regard to coronary atherosclerosis may be a useful tool for identification of genes that are associated with CHD.
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kidney Disease Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Acute Kidney Injury in Nondiabetic Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Secondary Analysis of 2 Small Randomized Trials

Background: Novel treatment strategies are required to reduce the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. In this respect, remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), a phenomenon in which transient nonlethal ischemia applied to an organ or tissue protects another organ or tissue from subsequent lethal ischemic injury, is a potential renoprotective strategy. Study Design: Secondary analysis of 2 randomized trials. Setting & Participants: 78 consenting selected nondiabetic patients in a university teaching hospital undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery recruited to 2 previously reported randomized studies. Intervention: RIPC consisted of three 5-minute cycles of right forearm ischemia, induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm to 200 mm Hg, with an intervening 5 minutes of reperfusion, during which time the cuff was deflated. The control consisted of placing an uninflated cuff on the arm for 30 minutes. Outcomes: AKI measured using Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria, duration of hospital stay, in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Results: Numbers of participants with AKI stages 1, 2, and 3 were 1 (3%), 3 (8%), and 0 in the intervention group compared with 10 (25%), 0, and 0 in the control group, respectively (P 0.005). The decrease in AKI was independent of the effect of concomitant aortic valve replacement and cross-clamp times, which were distributed unevenly between the 2 groups. Limitations: Retrospective analysis of data. More patients in the RIPC group underwent concomitant aortic valve replacement with CABG; although we have corrected statistically for this imbalance, it remains an important confounding variable. Conclusions: RIPC induced using transient forearm ischemia decreased the incidence of AKI in nondiabetic patients undergoing elective CABG surgery in this retrospective analysis. A large prospective clinical trial is required to study this effect and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Am J Kidney Dis 56:1043-1049. ©2010 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc.
Extraction of unexpected sentences: A sentiment classification assessed approach

Sentiment classification in text documents is an active data mining research topic in opinion retrieval and analysis. Different from previous studies concentrating on the development of effective classifiers, in this paper, we focus on the extraction and validation of unexpected sentences issued in sentiment classification. In this paper, we propose a general framework for determining unexpected sentences. The relevance of the extracted unexpected sentences is assessed in the context of text classification. In the experiments, we present the extraction of unexpected sentences for sentiment classification within the proposed framework, and then evaluate the influence of unexpected sentences on the quality of classification tasks. The experimental results show the effectiveness and usefulness of our proposed approach.
In vivo comparison of a polymer‐free Biolimus A9‐eluting stent with a biodegradable polymer‐based Biolimus A9 eluting stent and a bare metal stent in balloon denuded and radiated hypercholesterolemic rabbit iliac arteries

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a polymer‐free Biolimus A9‐eluting stent [BioFreedom™ (BF)], compared with that of a biodegradable polymer‐based Biolimus A9‐eluting stent [BioMatrix Flex™ (BMF)] and a bare metal stent (BMS) in balloon denuded and radiated hypercholesterolemic rabbit iliac arteries. Methods: Rabbits were fed with 1% cholesterol diet (n = 14) for 14 days, both iliac arteries were balloon denuded and radiated, and then rabbits were switched to 0.15% cholesterol diet. After 4 weeks, BF (n = 8), BMF (n = 8), and BMS (n = 8) were deployed in denuded and radiated areas. Four weeks later animals were euthanized, arterial segments were processed for morphometry. Results: The neointimal area in vessels implanted with BF stents was significantly less than that seen in vessels implanted with BMS (0.90 mm2 ± 0.14 vs. 1.29 mm2 ± 0.23, P <0.01). Percent fibrin and fibrin score were higher with BMF stents compared to BMS (P <0.03 and <0.04) and giant cell number was significantly higher with both BMF and BF stents (P < 0.01 for both). Percent endothelialization was significantly higher and % uncovered struts were lower with BMS compared to either BMF or BF stents (P < 0.05 for both). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that compared to BMS, BF stents significantly decreased neointimal hyperplasia. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CryptGraph: Privacy Preserving Graph Analytics on Encrypted Graph

Many graph mining and analysis services have been deployed on the cloud, which can alleviate users from the burden of implementing and maintaining graph algorithms. However, putting graph analytics on the cloud can invade users' privacy. To solve this problem, we propose CryptGraph, which runs graph analytics on encrypted graph to preserve the privacy of both users' graph data and the analytic results. In CryptGraph, users encrypt their graphs before uploading them to the cloud. The cloud runs graph analysis on the encrypted graphs and obtains results which are also in encrypted form that the cloud cannot decipher. During the process of computing, the encrypted graphs are never decrypted on the cloud side. The encrypted results are sent back to users and users perform the decryption to obtain the plaintext results. In this process, users' graphs and the analytics results are both encrypted and the cloud knows neither of them. Thereby, users' privacy can be strongly protected. Meanwhile, with the help of homomorphic encryption, the results analyzed from the encrypted graphs are guaranteed to be correct. In this paper, we present how to encrypt a graph using homomorphic encryption and how to query the structure of an encrypted graph by computing polynomials. To solve the problem that certain operations are not executable on encrypted graphs, we propose hard computation outsourcing to seek help from users. Using two graph algorithms as examples, we show how to apply our methods to perform analytics on encrypted graphs. Experiments on two datasets demonstrate the correctness and feasibility of our methods.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Brief Version of the Hyperventilation Questionnaire: the Hvq-b

Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the " Content ") contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content.
Integrating volume data analysis and rendering on distributed memory architectures

The ability to generate visual representations of data, and the ability to enhance data into a suitable form for the purpose of visual representation, form two key components in a scientific visualization system. By a visual representation we mean the ability to render the data, using visual cues, such that the important features are readily perceived by the user. By the ability to enhance data we mean the ability to apply transformations to the data so that salient features embedded in the data become discernible and quantifiable. The rendering of data, computer graphics, and the enhancement of data, image processing, have emerged over the last twenty years into separate scientific disciplines. However, in scientific visualization and other applications of empirical data interpretation, we are increasingly confronted with the need to combine both data rendering and data transformation capabilities under one system framework. This paper describes the design issues and implementation of a program for visualizing and enhancing volume data on distributed memory architectures. Our design is motivated by the desire to interactively view, transform, and interpret volume data acquired using seismic imaging techniques. Experimental results derived from an implementation on the Connection Machine CM-5 are described.
Problem solving in suicidal individuals

The present study in v e s t i g a t e d two aspects of suicide which, to date, had received l i t t l e a t t e n t i o n . These are problem-solving behavior and perception. In terms of problem-solving behavior, t h i s study establ i s h e d ( l ) that s u i c i d a l patients show a l e s s e r sense of concern about self-improvement and r e l i g i o n than non-suicidal patients; (2) that s u i c i d a l patients are s i g n i f i c a n t l y more passive and l e s s competitive i n t h e i r mode of response to problems than non-suicidal patients; and (3) that s u i c i d a l i n d i v i d u a l s tend to become r i g i d more quickly i n s t r e s s f u l problem-solving s i t u a t i o n s than non-suicidal i n d i v i d u a l s . In the area of perception, i t was established that s u i c i d a l patients are s i g n i f i c a n t l y more f i e l d dependent than non-suicidal p a t i e n t s . In add i t i o n , the r e s u l t s of i n v e s t i g a t i n g these two aspects of s u i c i d a l behavior contributed to a better understanding of the pe r s o n a l i t y make-up of s u i c i d a l i n d i v i d u a l s .
Role of Circadian Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase in Chick Pineal Clock Oscillation

A circadian pacemaker generates a rhythm with a period of ∼24 hr even in the absence of environmental time cues. Several photosensitive neuronal tissues such as the retina and pineal gland contain the autonomous circadian pacemaker together with the photic-input pathway responsible for entrainment of the pacemaker to the daily light/dark cycle. We show here that, in constant darkness, chick pineal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) exhibited an in vivo circadian rhythm in tyrosine phosphorylation and in enzymatic activity with a peak during subjective night. Phosphorylated and hence activated MAPK was rapidly dephosphorylated after light illumination during the nighttime when light induces a phase-shift of the pacemaker. The circadian rhythmicity in MAPK phosphorylation was also observed in the cultured pineal gland, and importantly, MAPK kinase inhibitor treatment during subjective night not only shifted the time-of-peak of MAPK phosphorylation but also induced a remarkable phase-delay of the circadian pacemaker. These results indicate an important role of MAPK for time keeping in circadian clock systems.
Repeated Eccentric Exercise Bouts Do Not Exacerbate Muscle Damage and Repair

This study examined whether performing repeated bouts of eccentric exercise 2 and 4 days after an initial damaging bout would exacerbate muscle damage. One arm performed 3 sets of 10 eccentric actions of the elbow flexors (ECC1) using a dumbbell set at 50% of the maximal isometric force at 90° (SINGLE). Two weeks later the same exercise was performed by the opposite arm with the exception that subsequent bouts were performed 2 (ECC2) and 4 (ECC3) days after ECC1 (REPEATED). In the REPEATED condition, maximal isometric force (MIF) decreased to the same level immediately after ECC1–3, and the decreases in range of motion (ROM) and increases in upper arm circumference immediately postexercise were similar among the bouts. However, no significant differences in changes in MIF, ROM, muscle soreness, and plasma creatine kinase activity were evident between the SINGLE and REPEATED conditions when excluding the changes immediately after ECC2 and ECC3. These results suggest that ECC2 and ECC3 did not exacerbate muscle damage or affect the recovery process.
Mean field forward-backward stochastic differential equations

The purpose of this note is to provide an existence result for the solution of fully coupled Forward Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDEs) of the mean field type. These equations occur in the study of mean field games and the optimal control of dynamics of the McKean Vlasov type.