Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Is posttraumatic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo different from the idiopathic form?

BACKGROUND Although head trauma is considered a common cause of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), clinical presentation and outcome of traumatic BPPV (t-BPPV) have not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES To compare the clinical presentation, patient's response to physical treatment, and outcome of patients with t-BPPV with those with the idiopathic form (i-BBPV). SETTING Tertiary referral neuro-otology outpatient clinic. METHODS We reviewed the clinical records of 247 consecutive patients with posterior canal BPPV during the years 1997 to 2000. All patients were diagnosed using the Dix-Hallpike test and treated using the particle repositioning maneuver. Patients with an onset of positional vertigo within 3 days of well-documented head trauma were included in the t-BPPV group. The outcome was compared with the outcome of 42 patients with i-BPPV who were similarly treated and followed up. RESULTS Twenty-one (8.5%) of the 247 patients with BPPV fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for t-BPPV. The most common cause of head trauma was motor vehicle crash, documented in 57% of the cases; half of the patients additionally suffered from a whiplash injury. While the other causes were diverse, common falls were predominant. Only 2 of the patients involved in motor vehicle crashes experienced brief loss of consciousness. Sixty-seven percent of patients with t-BPPV required repeated physical treatments for complete resolution of signs and symptoms in comparison to 14% of patients with i-BPPV (P<.001). During a mean +/-SD follow-up of 21.7 +/- 9.7 months, 57% of t-BPPV patients and 19% of i-BPPV controls had recurrent attacks (P<.004). CONCLUSIONS The nature and severity of the traumas causing t-BPPV are diverse, ranging from minor head injuries to more severe head and neck trauma with brief loss of consciousness. It appears that t-BPPV is more difficult to treat than i-BPPV, and also has a greater tendency to recur.
A Study of Diversification in Exports of China and India

The paper presents a detailed comparative study of the evolution in the direction and composition of exports of China and India between 1993 and 2010. The changes in the direction of exports is analyzed through country/commodity intersection by grouping countries together on the basis of income of which there are eight groups, and changes in the composition of exports is examined by employing the Revealed comparative advantage index and decomposing the growth in exports in terms of Intensive (existing products) and Extensive margins (new products) following the methodology of Amiti and Freund (2007). To analyze the country/commodity intersection and to compute the RCA index, the exports are classified into 5 main groups/categories: Product A group: Primary Products, Product B group: Natural Resource Intensive Products, Product C group: Unskilled Labour Intensive Products, Product D group: Technology Intensive Products, and Product E group: Human Capital Intensive Products and Sectors not classified according to factor intensity. The main findings of the study are: i) High income OECD plus non- OECD countries had dominant but declining shares in all the five product categories ofÂ exports of China and India, ii) Chinaâ€™s comparative advantage has shifted from Unskilled labour intensive group toÂ Technology intensive group, but India continues to have comparative advantage in exporting Primary and Unskilled labour intensive productsÂ and, iii) the growth in exports of China and India was mainly accounted for by high growth of Intensive margins rather than in Extensive margins.
Diversity Of Rhizobia Isolated from Nodules of Indigenous Tree Legumes from the Brazilian Dry Forest

The diversity of rhizobial isolates in tropical dry forests (TDF) has been studied due to the great importance of finding new species of bacteria capable of fixing nitrogen in tree legumes. In the Brazilian TDF (caatinga), Leguminosae is the most important family of plants, so the knowledge of microbial communities that make symbioses with native plants can help in the understanding of the interaction plant-microorganisms, as well as in the optimization of biological processes that can improve the cultivation system in an area so rich and understudied. In this study was determined the characteristics of rhizobia isolated from nodules of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. , Piptadenia stipulacea (Benth.) Ducke and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth, grown in soils collected under caatinga vegetation. The phenotypic and molecular characterization of the isolates, with use of fingerprint markers such as BOX, REP, ERIC and BOX-PCR were performed. Amplification technique by duplex PCR with the nifH and nodC genes was used for the authentication of isolates. The results showed that given the variation found in the amplification of the nifH and nodC genes, the duplex PCR technique can show false-positive results, as these genes have a very large polymorphism. The lack of knowledge of isolates that make symbioses with these plants further help to conclude that this authentication technique cannot yet be applied to all legume-nodulating isolates. Regarding the analyses made with fingerprint markers, it was observed that all were very efficient in the ability to distinguish species and that the greater the number of markers used, the safer the knowledge on the taxonomy and diversity of rhizobia.
EARLY RESULTS FROM VLT SPHERE: LONG-SLIT SPECTROSCOPY OF 2MASS 0122–2439 B, A YOUNG COMPANION NEAR THE DEUTERIUM BURNING LIMIT

We present 0.95–1.80 μm spectroscopy of the ∼12–27 MJup companion orbiting the faint (R ∼ 13.6), young (∼120 Myr) M-dwarf 2MASS J01225093–2439505 (“2M0122–2439 B”) at 1. ″ 5 separation (50 AU). Our coronagraphic long-slit spectroscopy was obtained with the new high contrast imaging platform Very Large Telescope Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) during Science Verification. The unique long-slit capability of SPHERE enables spectral resolution an order of magnitude higher than other extreme AO exoplanet imaging instruments. With a low mass, cool temperature, and very red colors, 2M0122–2439 B occupies a particularly important region of the substellar color–magnitude diagram by bridging the warm directly imaged hot planets with late-M/early-L spectral types (e.g., β Pic b and ROXs 42Bb) and the cooler, dusty objects near the L/T transition (HR 8799bcde and 2MASS 1207b). We fit BT-Settl atmospheric models to our R ≈ 350 spectrum and find T eff ? > = 1600 ± 100 K and log ( g ) ? > = 4.5 ± 0.5 dex. Visual analysis of our 2M0122–2439 B spectrum suggests a spectral type L3–L4, and we resolve shallow J-band alkali lines, confirming its low gravity and youth. Specifically, we use the Allers & Liu spectral indices to quantitatively measure the strength of the FeH, VO, KI, spectral features, as well as the overall H-band shape. Using these indices, along with the visual spectral type analysis, we classify 2M0122–2439 B as an intermediate gravity object with spectral type L3.7 ± 1.0.
Cross-Kingdom Comparison of Transcriptomic Adjustments to Low-Oxygen Stress Highlights Conserved and Plant-Specific Responses1[W][OA]

High-throughput technology has facilitated genome-scale analyses of transcriptomic adjustments in response to environmental perturbations with an oxygen deprivation component, such as transient hypoxia or anoxia, root waterlogging, or complete submergence. We showed previously that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings elevate the levels of hundreds of transcripts, including a core group of 49 genes that are prioritized for translation across cell types of both shoots and roots. To recognize low-oxygen responses that are evolutionarily conserved versus species specific, we compared the transcriptomic reconfiguration in 21 organisms from four kingdoms (Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, and Bacteria). Sorting of organism proteomes into clusters of putative orthologs identified broadly conserved responses associated with glycolysis, fermentation, alternative respiration, metabolite transport, reactive oxygen species amelioration, chaperone activity, and ribosome biogenesis. Differentially regulated genes involved in signaling and transcriptional regulation were poorly conserved across kingdoms. Strikingly, nearly half of the induced mRNAs of Arabidopsis seedlings encode proteins of unknown function, of which over 40% had up-regulated orthologs in poplar (Populus trichocarpa), rice (Oryza sativa), or Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Sixteen HYPOXIA-RESPONSIVE UNKNOWN PROTEIN (HUP) genes, including four that are Arabidopsis specific, were ectopically overexpressed and evaluated for their effect on seedling tolerance to oxygen deprivation. This allowed the identification of HUPs coregulated with genes associated with anaerobic metabolism and other processes that significantly enhance or reduce stress survival when ectopically overexpressed. These findings illuminate both broadly conserved and plant-specific low-oxygen stress responses and confirm that plant-specific HUPs with limited phylogenetic distribution influence low-oxygen stress endurance.
The Norwegian Housing Market: An Econometric Analysis with Regional Data

Norwegian housing prices have skyrocketed over the last two decades, with aggregate housing prices having soared upwards almost 400 percent since 1993. Based on an aggregate housing price model provided by Anundsen and Jansen (2013b), this thesis explores unchartered territory by incorporating regional data on housing prices and debt so as to capture and explain regional housing market developments. The data is aggregated into three regions, Oslo & Akershus, the South-West, and Northern Norway, over the period 1994Q1–2012Q4. This period allows for a study of how the regional markets fared in the face of the turmoil associated with the financial crisis of 2008. The regional housing price model suggests that the housing markets in the various regions are remarkably synchronized with few regional differences. Due to the existence of an error correction term in the housing price relation, it seems that housing prices are in line with fundamentals. The results are supported by the robustness of the model and the significant test statistics. Moreover, the results suggest that the aggregate model does a good job in explaining regional trends in the housing markets. The thesis also manages to establish a strong linkage between housing prices and debt.
The United States as a Developing Country: Studies in U.S. History in the Progressive Era and the 1920s

Preface 1. Periodization and historiography: the United States considered as a developing country 2. Studying American political development in the Progressive Era, 1890s-1916 3. Dollar Diplomacy according to Dollar Diplomats: American development and world development 4. Woodrow Wilson and the developmental imperatives of modern US liberalism 5. Some political and cultural consequences of the disaccumulation of capital: origins of postindustrial development in the 1920s 6. Disaffected with development: Henry Adams and the 1960s 'New Left' 7. The corporate reconstruction of American capitalism: a note on the capitalism-socialism mix in US and world development Index.
Study on fall detection based on intelligent video analysis

In this paper, a fall detection algorithm has been built using intelligent analysis of captured video signal. Five geometrical features are extracted from input video signal and are recognized by a trained feed-forward neural network. Experimental results on our self-built database show that the proposed fall detection system can detect fall events with quite high precision under different falling conditions.
Genomic diversity within the haloalkaliphilic genus Thioalkalivibrio

Thioalkalivibrio is a genus of obligate chemolithoautotrophic haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Their habitat are soda lakes which are dual extreme environments with a pH range from 9.5 to 11 and salt concentrations up to saturation. More than 100 strains of this genus have been isolated from various soda lakes all over the world, but only ten species have been effectively described yet. Therefore, the assignment of the remaining strains to either existing or novel species is important and will further elucidate their genomic diversity as well as give a better general understanding of this genus. Recently, the genomes of 76 Thioalkalivibrio strains were sequenced. On these, we applied different methods including (i) 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, (ii) Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) based on eight housekeeping genes, (iii) Average Nucleotide Identity based on BLAST (ANIb) and MUMmer (ANIm), (iv) Tetranucleotide frequency correlation coefficients (TETRA), (v) digital DNA:DNA hybridization (dDDH) as well as (vi) nucleotide- and amino acid-based Genome BLAST Distance Phylogeny (GBDP) analyses. We detected a high genomic diversity by revealing 15 new “genomic” species and 16 new “genomic” subspecies in addition to the ten already described species. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses showed that the genus is not monophyletic, because four strains were clearly separated from the other Thioalkalivibrio by type strains from other genera. Therefore, it is recommended to classify the latter group as a novel genus. The biogeographic distribution of Thioalkalivibrio suggested that the different “genomic” species can be classified as candidate disjunct or candidate endemic species. This study is a detailed genome-based classification and identification of members within the genus Thioalkalivibrio. However, future phenotypical and chemotaxonomical studies will be needed for a full species description of this genus.
Ultra-High-Field MR Neuroimaging

SUMMARY: At ultra-high magnetic fields, such as 7T, MR imaging can noninvasively visualize the brain in unprecedented detail and through enhanced contrast mechanisms. The increased SNR and enhanced contrast available at 7T enable higher resolution anatomic and vascular imaging. Greater spectral separation improves detection and characterization of metabolites in spectroscopic imaging. Enhanced blood oxygen level–dependent contrast affords higher resolution functional MR imaging. Ultra-high-field MR imaging also facilitates imaging of nonproton nuclei such as sodium and phosphorus. These improved imaging methods may be applied to detect subtle anatomic, functional, and metabolic abnormalities associated with a wide range of neurologic disorders, including epilepsy, brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, and psychiatric conditions. At 7T, however, physical and hardware limitations cause conventional MR imaging pulse sequences to generate artifacts, requiring specialized pulse sequences and new hardware solutions to maximize the high-field gain in signal and contrast. Practical considerations for ultra-high-field MR imaging include cost, siting, and patient experience.
Why Not Procrastinate? Development and Validation of a New Active Procrastination Scale

Procrastination has been studied as a dysfunctional, self-effacing behavior that ultimately results in undesirable outcomes. However, A. H. C. Chu and J. N. Choi (2005) found a different form of procrastination (i.e., active procrastination) that leads to desirable outcomes. The construct of active procrastination has a high potential to expand the time management literature and is likely to be adopted by researchers in multiple areas of psychology. To facilitate the research on this new construct and its further integration into the literature, the authors developed and validated a new, expanded measure of active procrastination that reliably assesses its four dimensions. Using this new measure of active procrastination, they further examined its nomological network. The new 16-item measure is a critical step toward further empirical investigation of active procrastination.
Study on the Moderate Diversification of Industrial Structure in Macao

As a result of past economic growth and the foundation of future economic growth, industrial structure has become an important factor for economic growth. This article, based on the existing moderate diversification research results of Macao industrial structure, researches Macau industry output gap by industry Gini coefficient, measures Macau deformity of the existing industrial structure, and analyzes the necessity of the moderate diversification of Macau industrial structure. At last, it gives some suggestions about the moderate diversified industry.
Biopsychosocial aspects of long-term survival on end-stage renal failure therapy

SYNOPSIS At ten-years follow-up of 64 haemodialysis patients, 43 had died and 21 were alive, twelve with cadaver renal transplants and nine on haemodialysis. Examination of the influence of psychological, demographic, physical and biochemical factors revealed the Beck Depression Inventory and age as the two most important predictors of survival. The behaviour of the patient was directly responsible for five (11·6%) of the deaths, by suicide in three cases and dietary noncompliance in two cases. Hypothetical mechanisms linking depression with reduced survival have been reviewed. As the impact of depression on survival was maximal in the first few years of dialysis, monitoring for depression should be incorporated into routine care from the start of dialysis together with evaluative interventions that might enhance survival.
TWEAK is not elevated in patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract Objective: Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) may be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim was to investigate if TWEAK may reflect disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease. Materials and methods: In this cohort study, 139 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed and previously untreated inflammatory bowel disease – 95 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 44 with Crohn’s disease (CD) – underwent colonoscopy. Disease activity was assessed by the Mayo score and the Mayo endoscopic score (MES) for UC, or the Simple Endoscopic Score (SES) for CD. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin were measured in IBD patients, as were plasma TWEAK levels in patients and 85 healthy subjects. Associations between TWEAK levels and disease activity markers were explored. Results: In the total IBD group, the median (interquartile range) TWEAK level was 430 pg/ml (109–6570), in UC 502 pg/ml (109–4547) and in CD patients 352 pg/ml (101–9179), respectively. Healthy subjects had a median (IQR) TWEAK of 307 pg/ml (63–3492). There were no significant differences in TWEAK levels between the total IBD group and healthy control subjects, nor between UC and CD, or between UC/CD and healthy subjects. Furthermore, we found no significant associations between Mayo scores, MES-UC, SES-CD, CRP, and fecal calprotectin with plasma TWEAK levels. Conclusions: Plasma TWEAK levels do not reflect disease activity or the grade of inflammation in patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease. NCT01551563.
Heterogeneity of the site of origin of malignant melanoma in ungual areas: 'subungual’malignant melanoma may be a misnomer

1 l,yni-h l'|. Minkin W. Molluscum conliigkisum of (he adult. Arch Drmmtol I'JdS: 98: 141-J. 2 Kalzniiiti M. Carey |T cl (il. Mtillusfum conUi^iusiuii and ihc iiajiiired iminuiiodeficienL-y syndrome: L-linical and immunological dftiiils of two cases. Hr J Dermatol 19X7: 116: l i l 8 , i Malis WL, TrifinEi A, Shapiro R et al. Dermatologic flndinps associated with himian immunodeficiency virus infection. / Am Acad Dermatot 19S7; 17: 74f)-Tl. 4 Ber̂ LT TC. liernuitologic canin the AIDS patient. Iti: Tlw Medical Mimiuiemeni nt AlDSiSmule MA, Volberding PA, eds), 2nd edn. W.B. Saunders t'onipiiny, lyJO; 120-2.
Human follicular dendritic cells and vascular cells produce interleukin‐7: a potential role for interleukin‐7 in the germinal center reaction

Interleukin‐7 (IL‐7) has long been known as a potent growth factor in lymphocyte development. However, recent data obtained in vitro revealed additional functions for this cytokine, e.g. IL‐7 influences the generation of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, and in higher concentrations, activates monocytes in a manner similar to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, human tonsillar B cells are able to proliferate upon stimulation by IL‐7 and cross‐linking of the B cell receptor. Considering the latter role of IL‐7 for B cell proliferation, we investigated which cells of the human immune system express IL‐7 in vivo. mRNA expression of tonsillar cells was analyzed using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of frozen sections. Among a variety of different immune cell types isolated from human tonsils, only follicular dendritic cells (FDC) expressed specific IL‐7 products, whereas B and T cells were consistently negative. Immunohistochemical staining of tonsillar sections revealed the expression of immunoreactive IL‐7 protein on FDC, and a pronounced expression could also be detected in oral mucosa and vascular endothelial cells. For the latter, we could also demonstrate mRNA expression in primary cultured cells. In light of the previous finding that IL‐7 can act as a co‐stimulus for the induction of proliferation in tonsillar B cells, these data suggest a role of IL‐7 in the germinal center reaction. It is tempting to speculate that FDC may function as regulatory cells in B cell development in the tonsil, as epithelial nurse cells are thought to govern T cell development in the thymus.
Understanding The Purpose and Potential Popularity of Mobile Phone Use in Zambia’s Maize Production

There is a growing use of mobile phones in rural areas on account of its relative inexpensiveness and lack of requirement for an urban environment. As a platform for accessing information through text messages and voice calls, farmers are able to collect agricultural information which may lead to higher productivity due to technology spillover. If the use of mobile phones contributes to the improvement of farmers’ productivity, their agricultural output level should increase. In this study, we investigate the adoption of mobile phones to obtain agricultural information and its effect on smallholder maize farmers’ production using cross-sectional data from Zambia. Understanding such causal effects is indispensable especially against the background of vision 2030. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was adopted to estimate the average treatment effect of treated of mobile phone adoption in agriculture. We found that the use of mobile phones significantly increases farmers’ productivity, by about 30%. If farmers start to adopt mobile phones to collect agricultural information, the total maize output would also increase by 30.36%, which would culminate in feeding two more people per household daily for the whole year. Therefore, we cautiously conclude that mobile phone use in agriculture serves the purpose of contributing to the fight against hunger via enhancing maize production and this is driving its popularity among smallholder farmers in rural Zambia.