Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust control of nonlinear systems in the presence of unknown exogenous dynamics

A robust control is designed for a class of uncertain systems, and it is distinct and novel that the proposed control does not require any information of a bounding function on nonlinear uncertainties in the system. Instead, the uncertainties to be compensated for are generated by an exogenous system whose dynamics are either completely unknown or partially unknown. The only requirements on the exogenous system are that its unknown dynamics are bounded by a known function and that its output is bounded. The proposed robust control is based on a nonlinear observer that estimates the uncertainties. It is shown that, under different sets of conditions, local or semi-global or global stability of uniform ultimate boundedness or asymptotic stability can be achieved.
Look-Ahead Strategies Based on Store-Carry and Forward Relaying for Energy Efficient Cellular Communications

With the increasing availability of Internet type services on mobile devices and the attractive flat rate all-you-can-eat billing system, cellular telecommunication networks are experiencing a tremendous growth in data usage demand. However, there are increasing concerns that current network deployment trends (including more efficient radio access techniques and increased spectrum allocation strategies), will be unable to support the increased Internet traffic in a sustainable way. The delay tolerant nature of mobile Internet traffic allows for a large degree of flexibility in optimizing network performance to meet different design objectives and it’s a feature that has mostly gone unexplored by the research community. In this paper, we introduce a novel message forwarding mechanism in cellular networks that benefits from the inherent delay tolerance of Internet type services to provide flexible and adjustable forwarding strategies for efficient network operation while guaranteeing timely deliveries. By capitalizing on the elasticity of message delivery deadlines and the actual mobility of nodes inside the cell, considerable performance gains can be achieved by physically propagating information messages within the network.
Gaming the Boston School Choice Mechanism in Beijing

The Boston mechanism is criticized for its poor incentive and welfare performances compared to the Gale-Shapley deferred acceptance mechanism (DA). Using school choice data from Beijing, I investigate parents' behavior under the Boston mechanism, taking into account parents' possible mistakes when they strategize. Evidence shows that parents are overcautious as they play "safe" strategies too often. Wealthier/more educated parents are less overcautious and perform slightly better because they have better outside options while being equally or even less sophisticated. Counterfactual analyses show that switching to the DA at best helps 44% parents who do not strategize but also hurts 35% of them.
Transverse stresses and modes of failure in tree branches and other beams

The longitudinal stresses in beams subjected to bending also set up transverse stresses within them; they compress the cross section when the beam's curvature is being increased and stretch it when its curvature is being reduced. Analysis shows that transverse stresses rise to a maximum at the neutral axis and increase with both the bending moment applied and the curvature of the beam. These stresses can qualitatively explain the fracture behaviour of tree branches. Curved ‘hazard beams’ that are being straightened split down the middle because of the low transverse tensile strength of wood. By contrast, straight branches of light wood buckle when they are bent because of its low transverse compressive strength. Branches of denser wood break, but the low transverse tensile strength diverts the crack longitudinally when the fracture has only run half-way across the beam, to produce their characteristic ‘greenstick fracture’. The bones of young mammals and uniaxially reinforced composite beams may also be prone to greenstick fracture because of their lower transverse tensile strength.
Conditional Mesenchymal Disruption of Pkd1 Results in Osteopenia and Polycystic Kidney Disease

Conditional deletion of Pkd1 in osteoblasts using either Osteocalcin(Oc)-Cre or Dmp1-Cre results in defective osteoblast-mediated postnatal bone formation and osteopenia. Pkd1 is also expressed in undifferentiated mesenchyme that gives rise to the osteoblast lineage. To examine the effects of Pkd1 on prenatal osteoblast development, we crossed Pkd1 flox/flox and Col1a1(3.6)-Cre mice, which has been used to achieve selective inactivation of Pkd1 earlier in the osteoblast lineage. Control Pkd1 flox/flox and Pkd1 flox/+, heterozygous Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/+ and Pkd1 flox/null, and homozygous Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/flox and Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/null mice were analyzed at ages ranging from E14.5 to 8-weeks-old. Newborn Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/null mice exhibited defective skeletogenesis in association with a greater reduction in Pkd1 expression in bone. Conditional Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/+ and Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/flox mice displayed a gene dose-dependent decrease in bone formation and increase in marrow fat at 6 weeks of age. Bone marrow stromal cell and primary osteoblast cultures from homozygous Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/flox mice showed increased proliferation, impaired osteoblast development and enhanced adipogenesis ex vivo. Unexpectedly, we found evidence for Col1a1(3.6)-Cre mediated deletion of Pkd1 in extraskeletal tissues in Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/flox mice. Deletion of Pkd1 in mesenchymal precursors resulted in pancreatic and renal, but not hepatic, cyst formation. The non-lethality of Col1a1(3.6)-Cre;Pkd1 flox/flox mice establishes a new model to study abnormalities in bone development and cyst formation in pancreas and kidney caused by Pkd1 gene inactivation.
A compact network with improved generalization using wavelet basis function network for static non-linear functions

In this paper we focus on wavelet neural network(WNN) for approximating non linear functions with B-spline orthonormal scaling function as activation function. The orthonormal scaling functions allow significant reduction of computational complexity and results in a compact network structure. The system of activation function is linearly independent by definition and has the advantage of numerical stability. A learning procedure for the proposed WNN with guaranteed convergence to the global minimum error in the parameter function space is developed. The approximation capabilities are illustrated through experimentations. The proposed network has advantages of approximation accuracy and good generalization performance. The simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed approach.
CHILDREN’S PERPECTIVES ON INVOLVEMENT IN HOUSEWORK AND ITS EFFECT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD AT CITY PRIMARY SCHOOL, NAIROBI, KENYA

Research in early childhood emphasizes the interplay between the home and the school in enhancing quality holistic experiences n children in the early years. However the rise in industrialization and technological advancements in modern day society have had tremendous effects on childhood experiences that have all along bn significant to the development of children including the participation oc children in housework. This was a descriptive study whose purpose was to find out whether or not school children in urban households are being involved in housework and how this relates to ther academic performance. Qualitative methods of data collection and analysis were used and purposive sampling techniques ere employed. Target population ere 6-8 year old children, parents and teachers Cit Primary school, Nairobi County, Kenya. Findings showed that most children in urban areas did not participate in housework, few who did had positive views but opportunities ere limited. School work and house helps ere a major competing force to children’s participation in housework. Recommendation is that parents, teachers and policy makers should be enlightened on the role of housework in developing academic competence in children.
Quantitative proteomics and network analysis of SSA1 and SSB1 deletion mutants reveals robustness of chaperone HSP70 network in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Molecular chaperones play an important role in protein homeostasis and the cellular response to stress. In particular, the HSP70 chaperones in yeast mediate a large volume of protein folding through transient associations with their substrates. This chaperone interaction network can be disturbed by various perturbations, such as environmental stress or a gene deletion. Here, we consider deletions of two major chaperone proteins, SSA1 and SSB1, from the chaperone network in Sacchromyces cerevisiae. We employ a SILAC‐based approach to examine changes in global and local protein abundance and rationalise our results via network analysis and graph theoretical approaches. Although the deletions result in an overall increase in intracellular protein content, correlated with an increase in cell size, this is not matched by substantial changes in individual protein concentrations. Despite the phenotypic robustness to deletion of these major hub proteins, it cannot be simply explained by the presence of paralogues. Instead, network analysis and a theoretical consideration of folding workload suggest that the robustness to perturbation is a product of the overall network structure. This highlights how quantitative proteomics and systems modelling can be used to rationalise emergent network properties, and how the HSP70 system can accommodate the loss of major hubs.
Towards a scalable, low-power all-optical architecture for networks-on-chip

This article proposes a scalable wavelength-routed optical Network on Chip (NoC) based on the Spidergon topology, named Power-efficient Scalable Wavelength-routed Network-on-chip (PeSWaN). The key idea of the proposed all-optical architecture is the utilization of per-receiver wavelengths in the data network to prevent network contention and the adoption of per-sender wavelengths in the control network to avoid end-point contention. By performing a series of simulations, we study the efficiency of the proposed architecture, its power and energy consumption, and the data transmission delay. Moreover, we compare the proposed architecture with electrical NoCs and alternative ONoC architectures under various traffic patterns.
Investigation on electromagnetic scattering from the targets above and below dielectric rough surface using the fast EPILE combined with FBM

The extended Propagation-Inside-Layer Expansion (EPILE) combined with the Forward-Backward method (FBM) is applied to research the composite electromagnetic scattering from the conducting targets above and below the dielectric rough surface. The established integral equations are approved by comparing with the related theory. The accuracy and efficiency of the EPILE+FBM are compared with the method of moments (MOM). The presented algorithm is of generality for the target-rough surface composite scattering problems.
Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Leptospira Serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae Strains Circulating in China during the Past 50 Years

Background Leptospirosis is one of the most important neglected tropical infectious diseases worldwide. Icterohaemorrhagiae has been throughout recent history, and still is, the predominant serogroup of this pathogen in China. However, very little in detail is known about the serovars or genotypes of this serogroup. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, 120 epidemic strains from five geographically diverse regions in China collected over a 50 year period (1958~2008), and 8 international reference strains characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing and MLST analysis. 115, 11 and 2 strains were identified as L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii, and L. kirschneri, respectively. 17 different STs were identified including 69 ST1 strains, 18 ST17, 18 ST128, 9 ST143 and 2 ST209. The remaining 12 strains belonged to 12 different STs. eBURST analysis demonstrated that, among the clonal complexes isolated (CCs), CC1 accounted for 73.3% (88/120) strains representing three STs: ST1, ST128 and ST98. ST1 was the most likely ancestral strain of this CC, followed by singleton CC17 (17/120) and CC143 (11/120). Further analysis of adding 116 serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae strains in the MLST database and studies previously described using global eBURST analysis and MST dendrogram revealed relatively similar ST clustering patterns with five main CCs and 8 singletons among these 244 strains. CC17 was found to be the most prevalent clone of pathogenic Leptospira circulating worldwide. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that ST1 and ST17 strains were distributed among 4 distinct serovars, indicating a highly complicated relationship between serovars and STs. Conclusions/Significance Our studies demonstrated a high level of genetic diversity in the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae strains. Distinct from ST17 or ST37 circulating elsewhere, ST1 included in CC1, has over the past 50 years or so, proven to be the most prevalent ST of pathogenic leptospires isolated in China. Moreover, the complicated relationship between STs and serovars indicates an urgent need to develop an improved scheme for Leptospira serotyping.
ESearch: Incorporating Text Corpus and Structured Knowledge for Open Domain Entity Search

The paper introduces an open domain entity search system called ESearch, which aims at finding a list of relevant entities to an open domain entity search query (a natural language question). The system is built on top of a Wikipedia text corpus, as well as the structured DBPedia knowledge base. Entities are initially ranked by a model which effectively associates context matching (based on the contexts of entities in the unstructured text corpus) and category matching (based on the types of entities in the structured knowledge base). They are ranked further by a re-ranking component supported by blind feedback or user feedback on entities. We show that category matching is critical for the search performance and the re-ranking component can boost the performance largely. Category matching therefore needs some query entity types (especially specific entity types) as input. However, it is often hard for systems to detect specific entity types because users may not be familiar with how the types of desired entities are defined in the structured knowledge base. In ESearch, we design an effective ranking model of entity types to facilitate blind feedback and user feedback on desired entity types for category matching, so that users can effectively perform entity search without the need of explicitly providing any query entity types as inputs.
Improvement of the Accuracy in Attenuation Constant Estimation Using the Cross-Spectral Technique (Special Section on Advanced Signal Processing Techniques for Analysis of Acoustical and Vibrational Signals)

Manuscript received September 21, 1998. Manuscript revised January 6, 1999. † The authors are with Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino-shi, 275-0016 Japan. †† The author is with Kogakuin University, Hachiouji-shi, 1920015 Japan. SUMMARY This paper proposes a method of improving the accuracy of the attenuation constant estimate obtained by using the crossspectral technique. In the cross-spectral technique, the envelope of the estimated impulse response is deformed due to the use of a time window. As a result, the estimated impulse response decays more rapidly than the real impulse response does, and the attenuation constant obtained by the estimated impulse response becomes larger than the real value. This paper first describes how the attenuation constant changes in the process of impulse response estimation. Next, we propose a method of improving the accuracy of the estimation. The effect of the proposed method is confirmed by computer simulation. key words: impulse-response, attenuation constant, cross-spectral technique, time window
Easing IoT application development through DataTweet framework

Current IoT application development frameworks have limited capabilities. There is a lack of horizontal development approach, interoperability with standards, adequate security mechanisms, integration of information centric networking among others. The paper counters the challenges using a novel DataTweet IoT application development framework. It decouples application logic (AL) from common IoT functionalities. This allows the IoT stakeholders to focus on the AL and use open source, standardized APIs for the latter. An automotive IoT application for Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) is developed using the framework and its operational phases are highlighted. Initial evaluation shows that the utilization of the framework results in 72.1% reduction of hand-written codes.
Using Heuristic Search to Retrieve Cases that Support Arguments

1 We discuss the use of heuristic search in a graph of cases and other domain knowledge to supply support for an argument. We contend that for legal argument, a gap exists between the vocabulary of constraints upon arguments and the indexing vocabulary for cases and other domain resource knowledge. We suggest best-first search of a graph of cases and other domain knowledge as a means to partially close this gap. In particular, search of the case-domain graph is driven by one of three evaluation functions that use different levels of abstraction to mediate between the indexing vocabulary and the task vocabulary. We describe the BankXX system, which uses heuristic search to retrieve cases and other domain knowledge in support of an argument.
HCX: an efficient hybrid clustering approach for XML documents

This paper proposes a novel Hybrid Clustering approach for XML documents (HCX) that first determines the structural similarity in the form of frequent subtrees and then uses these frequent subtrees to represent the constrained content of the XML documents in order to determine the content similarity. The empirical analysis reveals that the proposed method is scalable and accurate.
Anomalous loss in blue‐green wavelength discrimination with very brief monochromatic stimuli presented to the normal human eye

The wavelength‐discrimination curve of the normal human eye shows minima in discrimination thresholds at about 490 and 580 nm for viewing times of 1 s or longer. A reduction in viewing time was found to yield non‐uniform increases in discrimination thresholds in the blue‐green region of the spectrum, and these findings were quantified in objective, two‐interval, forced‐choice discrimination measurements. Monochromatic stimuli were presented foveally in a circular, horizontally oriented, bipartite field of 100 Td and angular subtense 2. When viewing time was decreased to 3 ms there was a sharp increase in discrimination threshold over 490–520 nm, maximizing near 500 nm. In this region, the filds appeaed markedly desaturated. The loss in discrimination was distinct from that exhibited by tritanopes, and a control experiment showed that the effect was not attributable to the reduced energy of the short flash.
Histological Analyses Demonstrate the Temporary Contribution of Yolk Sac, Liver, and Bone Marrow to Hematopoiesis during Chicken Development

The use of avian animal models has contributed to the understanding of many aspects of the ontogeny of the hematopoietic system in vertebrates. However, specific events that occur in the model itself are still unclear. There is a lack of consensus, among previous studies, about which is the intermediate site responsible for expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, and the liver's contribution to the development of this system. Here we aimed to evaluate the presence of hematopoiesis in the yolk sac and liver in chickens, from the stages of intra-aortic clusters in the aorta-genital ridges-mesonephros (AGM) region until hatching, and how it relates to the establishment of the bone marrow. Gallus gallus domesticus L. embryos and their respective yolk sacs at embryonic day 3 (E3) and up to E21 were collected and processed according to standard histological techniques for paraffin embedding. The slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Lennert's Giemsa, and Sirius Red at pH 10.2, and investigated by light microscopy. This study demonstrated that the yolk sac was a unique hematopoietic site between E4 and E12. Hematopoiesis occurred in the yolk sac and bone marrow between E13 and E20. The liver showed granulocytic differentiation in the connective tissue of portal spaces at E15 and onwards. The yolk sac showed expansion of erythrocytic and granulocytic lineages from E6 to E19, and E7 to E20, respectively. The results suggest that the yolk sac is the major intermediate erythropoietic and granulopoietic site where expansion and differentiation occur during chicken development. The hepatic hematopoiesis is restricted to the portal spaces and represented by the granulocytic lineage.
Initial Clinical Experience Evaluating Yttrium-90-Chimeric T 84 . 66 Anticarcinoembryonic Antigen Antibody and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Support in Patients with Carcinoembryonic Antigen-producing Metastatic Breast Cancer 1

cT84.66 is a human/murine IgGlwith high affinity and specificity for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). An earlier Phase I trial defined the maximum tolerated dose for 9Oy. diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-cT84.66 at 22 mCi/m 2. Dose-limiting toxicities were reversible leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The purpose of this Phase I trial was to evaluate the feasibility and toxicities of administering higher activities of 9~ with stem cell support in patients with CEA-producing breast cancer. Patients with CEA-producing breast cancer refractory to standard therapies underwent peripheral stem ceil collection followed by infusion of lllindium-DTPA-cT84.66. Those patients demonstrating tumor targeting received a single therapy dose of 9~ followed by Ca-DTPA infusion for 72 h posttherapy. Stem cells were reinfused following a divided schedule. To date, seven patients have been accrued to this trial. Each patient received an imaging dose of 111IncT84.66. Six patients demonstrated tumor imaging and received a single cycle of 9~ at 15 mCi/m 2 (three patients) and 22.5 mCi/m z (three patients). One patient did not demonstrate tumor imaging and was not treated. At 1 Presented at the "Seventh Conference on Radioimmunodetection and Radioimmunotherapy of Cancer," October 15-17, 1998, Princeton, NJ. Supported by NIH Grant PO1 43904 and NIH Cancer Center Core Grant 33527. 2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at the Division of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Research; City of Hope National Medical Center; 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010. Phone: 626-301-8247; Fax: 626-930-5334. these administered activities, 9~ was well tolerated. No dose-limiting toxicities have been observed. All patients demonstrated hematopoietic recovery after stem cell infusion. One patient demonstrated stable disease for 4 months; one patient had stable disease and reduction of bone pain for 3 months; and a third patient experienced >50% reduction of an ovarian metastasis, resolution of malignant pleural effusion, stable pleural metastases, and stable bone scan for 14 months. Preliminary results from this ongoing Phase I trial are promising and demonstrate the feasibility and potential for antitumor effects of stem cell supported 9~ therapy in patients with CEAproducing breast cancers.