Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Content-based Routing using Subscription Subgrouping in Structured Overlays

Cyclic or general overlays may provide multiple paths between publishers and subscribers. However, an advertisement tree and a matching subscription activates only one path for notifications routing in publish/subscribe systems. This poses serious challenges in handling network conditions like congestion, and link or broker failures. Further, content-based dynamic routing of notifications requires instantaneous updates in routing paths, which is not a scalable option. This paper introduces a clustering approach with a bit-vector technique for inter-cluster dynamic routing of notifications in a structured cyclic topology that provides multiple paths between publishers and interested subscribers. The advertisement forwarding process exploits the structured nature of the overlay topology to generate advertisement trees of length 1 without generating duplicate messages in the advertisement forwarding process. Issued subscriptions are divided into multiple disjoint subgropus, where each subscription is broadcast to a cluster, which is a limited part of the structured cyclic overlay network. We implemented novel static and intra-cluster dynamic routing algorithms in the proposed overlay topology for our advertisement-based publish/subscribe system, called OctopiA. We also performed a pragmatic comparison of our two algorithms with the state-of-the-art. Experiments on a cluster testbed show that our approach generates fewer inter-broker messages, and is scalable.
High Resolution T1ρ Mapping of In Vivo Human Knee Cartilage at 7T

Purpose Spin lattice relaxation time in rotating frame (T1ρ) mapping of human knee cartilage has shown promise in detecting biochemical changes during osteoarthritis. Due to higher field strength, MRI at 7T has advantages in term of SNR compared to clinical MR scanners and this can be used to increase in image resolution. Objective of current study was to evaluate the feasibility of high resolution T1ρ mapping of in vivo human knee cartilage at 7T MR scanner. Materials and Methods In this study we have used a T1ρ prepared GRE pulse sequence for obtaining high resolution (in plan resolution = 0.2 mm2) T1ρ MRI of human knee cartilage at 7T. The effect of a global and localized reference frequency and reference voltage setting on B0, B1 and T1ρ maps in cartilage was evaluated. Test-retest reliability results of T1ρ values from asymptomatic subjects as well as T1ρ maps from abnormal cartilage of two human subjects are presented. These results are compared with T1ρ MRI data obtained from 3T. Results Our approach enabled acquisition of 3D-T1ρ data within allowed SAR limits at 7T. SNR of cartilage on T1ρ weighted images was greater than 90. Off-resonance effects present in the cartilage B0, B1 and T1ρ maps obtained using global shim and reference frequency and voltage setting, were reduced by the proposed localized reference frequency and voltage setting. T1ρ values of cartilage obtained with the localized approach were reproducible. Abnormal knee cartilage showed elevated T1ρ values in affected regions. T1ρ values at 7T were significantly lower (p<0.05) compared to those obtained at 3T. Conclusion In summary, by using proposed localized frequency and voltage setting approach, high-resolution 3D-T1ρ maps of in vivo human knee cartilage can be obtained in clinically acceptable scan times (<30 min) and SAR constraints, which provides the ability to characterize cartilage molecular integrity.
All-fiber photon-pair source at telecom wavelengths

Single photon sources are a key element for quantum computing, quantum key distribution (QKD) and quantum communications. In particular, producing single photons at telecommunications wavelengths is valuable for QKD protocols and would enable realizing the quantum internet. The preferred method for their generation has long been spontaneous down conversion in bulk crystals, which suffers from connection loss to fiber networks. In-fiber spontaneous four-wave mixing provides a viable alternative as a photon pair source due to being compatible with existing fiber networks. We present an all-fiber photon pair source based on degenerate four-wave mixing in a 400 m Highly-Nonlinear fiber, with signal and idler wavelengths generated at 1552.5 nm and 1557 nm respectively. The source consists of CW pump laser operating at 1554.75 nm, which is slightly detuned from the zero group velocity dispersion wavelength into the normal dispersion regime. After pair generation in the highly-nonlinear fiber, three arrayed waveguide gratings are employed to spatially separate signal and idler, and provides a 120 dB pump power reduction. Firstly the source is modelled and experimentally characterized in the well known classical regime of stimulated four-wave mixing. The effect of fiber cooling on spontaneous Raman scattering is modelled and characterized, and a 30% reduction in spontaneous emission is found when cooling the fiber to -77°C. In the low power regime the coincidence to accidental count ratio is simulated and measured. An increase in the coincidence to accidental count ratio is observed when cooling the fiber.
Parallel Hierarchical Radiosity On Cache-Coherent Multiprocessors

Computing radiosity is a computationally very expensive problem in computer graphics. Recent hierarchical methods have greatly speeded up the computation of first diffuse and now also specular radiosity. We present a parallel algorithm for computing both diffuse and specular radiosity together, and examine its performance in detail on cache-coherent shared address space multiprocessors. We compare this with an earlier implementation of parallel diffuse-only radiosity computation, which has very different characteristics. The algorithm is both irregular and highly unpredictable. Despite this, by taking advantage of the cache-coherent shared address space and using distributed dynamic task queues for load balancing, we obtain speedups of 26.7 on a 32-processor machine with distributed memory, with no need for explicit data management, and 14.2 on a 16-processor machine with centralized memory. Both the diffuse and the specular+diffuse programs achieve very good load balance. Because the specular program must process many more source patches for each destination patch than does the diffuse program, it has greater memory stall time; however the memory access overheads do not increase with the number of processes or lower the speedups attained. Detailed performance debugging was used to identify and understand bottlenecks in the programs, which mostly have to do with contention for locks that protect shared data structures, albeit in a very fine-grained way. We conclude that moderate-scale shared address space multiprocessors provide a successful platform for speeding up hierarchical radiosity computations, both diffuse and specular.
Real-world measurements-based evaluation of IEEE 802.11p system performance

In this paper, we discuss and analyze results from real-world vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) measurements in an IEEE 802.11p-based vehicular network. We compare measurements with different data rates and packet lengths and analyze their impact on system performance in terms of coverage range and throughput. Further we investigate influence of the driving direction on the system performance for different parameter settings and hardware components. Finally, we compare communication quality achievable with three different on-board unit antennas.
Management of Fusarium verticillioides Root Infection Court in Maize Using Organic Soil Amendments

In this study the efficacy of various soil organic amendments were evaluated for their potential to manage Fusarium verticillioides root infections in maize. The soil organic amendments used were neem cake, sunflower cake, cotton cake, goat manure and farmyard manure. In a field experiment F. verticillioides was inoculated to seed holes with different soil organic amendments at planting. Soil and root samples were collected for mycological analysis at 10, 30 and 60 days after silking. Upon maturity maize was harvested at 4 and 8 weeks after physiological maturity where assorted data was collected. Rotten and symptomless maize samples were collected and subjected to mycological and mycotoxin analysis. Significantly high recovery rates of F. verticillioides from control soil and roots than in amended soil was evident. At 60 days after silking the percent recovery of F. verticillioides was reduced to even zero in some treatments indicating that organic soil amendments have a mechanism of suppressing the survival of F. verticilliodes in the soil and hence limit its root infection ability. Mycological analysis on symptomless kernels revealed high recovery of F. verticilliodes from in control plots than amended treatments indicating the ability of the amendment to manage root infections of F. verticilliodes. Mycotoxin analysis revealed widespread FB contamination across treatments and in both 1 asymptomatic and rotten maize. Average FB in symptomless maize was 333.98 µg kg and 357.4 µg kg at 4th 1 11
Comparative anatomy of excretory organs in vestimentiferan tube worms (Pogonophora, Obturata)

In the past, the excretory systems of only few vestimentiferan species have been examined in detail. This study presents comparative data on eight species on the basis of histological serial sections. Ridgeia piscesae was studied by transmission electron microscopy. All species examined possess a central excretory organ consisting of numerous small branching and intertwined excretory tubules. These are connected to voluminous glandular excretory ducts that lead to the exterior by single or paired excretory pores located at the anterior end of the vestimentum. A comparative analysis shows differences among the species with regard to several features, such as the number of excretory pores, presence/absence of excretory grooves and papillae, position of the excretory organ relative to the brain, and the shape of the excretory ducts. Neither podocytes nor coelomoducts could be detected; therefore, there is no indication of the presence of metanephridia. The vestimentiferan excretory system shows some similarities with the design in Athecanephria (Pogonophora, Perviata) and a general resemblance to the design in sabellid polychaetes, even though in the latter metanephridia are clearly present. J. Morphol. 250:1–11, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Economic Stress and Domestic Violence

The empirical research on the relationship between mortgage foreclosures and crime continues to evolve, and, with few exceptions, the results generally show that there is a relationship between community measures of mortgage foreclosure and crime levels. Lacking in this literature are studies that considered how foreclosures may impact domestic violence. For many families, home mortgages have significant meaning as an indicator of financial stability and represent a long-term commitment to a community through home ownership and the accompanying social and financial investments. Families who are threatened with the loss of their home to foreclosure experience a decrease in their financial status, and the stress triggered by the crisis may place them at greater risk for family violence. In this study, we examine the relationship between mortgage foreclosures and family violence. Using longitudinal panel data for Massachusetts cities and towns, our study focuses specifically on the years 2005–2009, the period that includes the Great Recession. We find that after controlling for other community indicators of economic health, higher levels of monthly mortgage foreclosures lead to higher levels of domestic violence.
High rate of centrosome aberrations and correlation with proliferative activity in patients with untreated B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a high rate of clonal genomic alterations and a low proliferative activity with cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. Recently, centrosome aberrations have been described as a possible cause of chromosomal instability and aneuploidy in many human malignancies. To investigate whether centrosome aberrations do occur in CLL and whether they correlate with common prognostic factors and disease activity, we examined peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 70 patients with previously untreated CLL using an antibody to γ‐tubulin. All 70 CLL samples displayed significantly more cells with centrosome aberrations (median: 26.0%, range 11.0–41.5%) as compared to peripheral blood B lymphocytes from 20 age‐matched, healthy individuals (median: 2.0%, range 0–6%; p < 0.001). The extent of centrosome aberrations correlated with the proliferative activity of the CLL cases as measured by lymphocyte doubling time (p = 0.02) as well as with time to first treatment (p = 0.05). Accordingly, more centrosome aberrations were found in PHA‐stimulated T lymphocytes from healthy individuals as well as in B cells from surgically removed tonsil tissue of patients with acute tonsillitis as compared to the peripheral blood B lymphocytes from the control group. In contrast, no correlation was observed between centrosome aberrations and immunoglobulin VH gene mutation status or cytogenetically defined risk groups. These findings suggest that, despite the common observation of most CLL cells remaining in G0/G1 phase, their centrosome replication process is deregulated and correlates to the proliferative activity of CLL cells. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Skull Stripping of MRI Using Clustering and 2D Region Growing Method

A BSTRACT —The segmentation of brain tissue finds an important role in many clinical applications. In this paper we propose a new skull stripping method for Magnetic Resonance Images of human head scan. We use clustering based technique to find the brain boundary inside the skull. First we find the clusters based on the intensity. Then the centroids of these clusters are found. These centroids are then connected, which form the brain boundary. We use 2D region growing method to connect all the clusters. By the same region growing method we remove the skull area and the clusters which are outside of the skull region. Finally we refine the edge of the brain by connecting the values of maximum intensity values.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the “Cut-and-Paste” Transposons of Grapevine

Background The grapevine is a widely cultivated crop and a high number of different varieties have been selected since its domestication in the Neolithic period. Although sexual crossing has been a major driver of grapevine evolution, its vegetative propagation enhanced the impact of somatic mutations and has been important for grapevine diversity. Transposable elements are known to be major contributors to genome variability and, in particular, to somatic mutations. Thus, transposable elements have probably played a major role in grapevine domestication and evolution. The recent publication of the complete grapevine genome opens the possibility for an in deep analysis of its transposon content. Principal Findings We present here a detailed analysis of the “cut-and-paste” class II transposons present in the genome of grapevine. We characterized 1160 potentially complete grapevine transposons as well as 2086 defective copies. We report on the structure of each element, their potentiality to encode a functional transposase, and the existence of matching ESTs that could suggest their transcription. Conclusions Our results show that these elements have transduplicated and amplified cellular sequences and some of them have been domesticated and probably fulfill cellular functions. In addition, we provide evidences that the mobility of these elements has contributed to the genomic variability of this species.
Combining content extraction heuristics: the CombinE system

The main text content of an HTML document on the WWW is typically surrounded by additional contents, such as navigation menus, advertisements, link lists or design elements. Content Extraction (CE) is the task to identify and extract the main content. Ongoing research has spawned several CE heuristics of different quality. However, so far only the Crunch framework combines several heuristics to improve its overall CE performance. Since Crunch, though, many new algorithms have been formulated. The CombinE system is designed to test, evaluate and optimise combinations of CE heuristics. Its aim is to develop CE systems which yield better and more reliable extracts of the main content of a web document.
Statistical Language Models of Lithuanian Based on Word Clustering and Morphological Decomposition

This paper describes our research on statistical language modeling of Lithuanian. The idea of improving sparse n-gram models of highly inflected Lithuanian language by interpolating them with complex n-gram models based on word clustering and morphological word decomposition was investigated. Words, word base forms and part-of-speech tags were clustered into 50 to 5000 automatically generated classes. Multiple 3-gram and 4-gram class-based language models were built and evaluated on Lithuanian text corpus, which contained 85 million words. Class-based models linearly interpolated with the 3-gram model led up to a 13% reduction in the perplexity compared with the baseline 3-gram model. Morphological models decreased out-of-vocabulary word rate from 1.5% to 1.02%.
Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program

The accuracy and scalability of multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of DNAs and proteins have long been and are still important issues in bioinformatics. To rapidly construct a reasonable MSA, we developed the initial version of the MAFFT program in 2002. MSA software is now facing greater challenges in both scalability and accuracy than those of 5 years ago. As increasing amounts of sequence data are being generated by large-scale sequencing projects, scalability is now critical in many situations. The requirement of accuracy has also entered a new stage since the discovery of functional noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs); the secondary structure should be considered for constructing a high-quality alignment of distantly related ncRNAs. To deal with these problems, in 2007, we updated MAFFT to Version 6 with two new techniques: the PartTree algorithm and the Four-way consistency objective function. The former improved the scalability of progressive alignment and the latter improved the accuracy of ncRNA alignment. We review these and other techniques that MAFFT uses and suggest possible future directions of MSA software as a basis of comparative analyses. MAFFT is available at http://align.bmr. kyushu-u.ac. jp/mafft/software/.
A Framework for Interoperability of Heterogeneous Devices in Ubiquitous Home

Ubiquitous home refers not only to home but also to logical space, including a wide range of out-home personal devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, laptops, car navigators, and office PCs. There are certain connection barriers among the devices, such as the dynamic IP address, NAT. In a home network, various devices coexist in heterogeneous networks, such as IP, IEEE1394, PLC, Bluetooth, ZigBee, UWB, and IrDA, all of which lack interoperability due to their different physical transmission characteristics and protocols. In ubiquitous home where an unrestricted collaboration of the devices is essential to offer services that meet the users’ requirements, free interoperability among the devices must be guaranteed. This paper proposes a framework for interoperability of the heterogeneous devices in a ubiquitous home based on a virtual overlay network which hides the complicated physical network configurations and heterogeneity of the service protocols. Compared with conventional approaches, the framework offers improvements in terms of its capacity to support network and device types, its reliability.
Evidence for a role of the integrin VLA-4 in lympho-hemopoiesis

Adhesion molecules are probably required for retention of maturing lymphocyte precursors in bone marrow, where they closely interact with and are dependent on stromal cells. Lymphomyeloid cell lines avidly adhere to cloned stromal cell lines in culture and screening pairs of these resulted in a selection strategy for a new monoclonal antibody to a leukocyte adhesion molecule. Immunoprecipitation analyses and comparison to a previously described antibody showed that it recognizes the alpha 4 chain of the integrin, VLA-4. This antibody totally inhibited lymphopoiesis and retarded myelopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures. A similar selection strategy resulted in two additional antibodies which define a single 100-kD species on stromal cells. This stromal cell adhesion molecule is a potential counter- receptor/ligand for VLA-4 on murine lympho-myeloid cells. Our findings suggest a new role for VLA-4 in lymphoid progenitor-microenvironment interactions. Recognition molecules that function in cell migration and inflammation in peripheral tissues may be important for steady-state lymphopoiesis within bone marrow.
Humanoid robot Lola: Design and walking control

This paper presents our new 25-DoF humanoid walking robot LOLA. The goal of our research is to realize a fast, human-like walking motion (target speed: 5 km/h). Furthermore, we want to increase the robot's autonomous, vision-guided walking capabilities. The robot has 25 degrees of freedom, including 7-DoF legs with actively driven toe joints. It is characterized by its lightweight construction, a modular, multi-sensory joint design with brushless motors and an electronics architecture using decentralized joint controllers. Special emphasis was put on an improved mass distribution of the leg apparatus to achieve good dynamic performance. The sensor system comprises absolute angular sensors in all links, two custom-made force/torque sensors in the feet and a high-precision inertial sensor in the upper body. Trajectory generation and control system aim at faster, more flexible, and more robust walking patterns.
SVM for Estimation of Wrist Angle from Sonomyography And SEMG Signals

The skeletal muscle plays a very important role in the human movement. Surface electromyography (SEMG) is a very useful tool for the functional assessment of skeletal muscles, while sonography has been commonly used to detect its morphological information. We named the signal about the muscle morphological changes derived from ultrasound as sonomyography (SMG). In this study, the ultrasound image, SEMG signals were synchronously sampled from the extensor carpi radialis muscle together with the wrist angle during the whole process of wrist extension and flexion. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm was used to estimate the wrist angle with the muscle deformation SMG and root mean square of SEMG signals as inputs. The overall mean correlation coefficient value was 0.96 plusmn 0.02, the mean standard root mean square error was 7.26 plusmn 1.98, and the root mean square difference was 0.16 plusmn 0.03. The results demonstrated that the wrist angle could be well estimated by combining the SMG and SEMG signals with SVM algorithm. The combination of SMG and SEMG could provide more comprehensive information to study skeletal muscle.