Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging perfusion to assess transmural flow distribution

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is increasingly used to assess non-invasively the presence and the extent of myocardial ischemia. CMR perfusion has been shown to be superior to nuclear perfusion imaging, allows high-resolution quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion reserve, has been validated against invasive reference standards and microspheres and therefore has the potential to become the noninvasive and radiation-free test of choice to guide patients’ clinical decision making. The higher spatial resolution of CMR is thought to be one the key factors explaining the superior diagnostic capabilities of CMR visual assessment when compared with other ischemia imaging techniques.
Fully Self-Supervised Learning of an Arm Model

Performing a mere inﬁnite number of different movements in our everyday life happens mostly in an automatic and unconscious way, requiring hardly any attention. One necessary requirement for generating different movements dependent on the current circumstances is knowledge about redundant behavioral alternatives and the capability to ﬂexibly choose the current best one. In this paper, we evaluate an architecture that learns to represent such behavioral alternatives in the form of a modular body model from scratch. Moreover, the architecture is able to selectively choose between the behavioral alternatives, yielding kinematic control commands. The proposed architecture combines (temporal) Heb-bian learning mechanisms for learning the body model with model-based reinforcement learning techniques for controlling the body. We evaluate the current system capabilities, comparing several conﬁgurations and parameter dependencies. Our results show that the architecture can robustly learn a highly ﬂexible arm control sys-tem.
Mining Domain Specific Texts and Glossaries to Evaluate and Enrich Domain Ontologies

Ontologies have been widely accepted as the most advanced knowledge representation model. They are among the most important building blocks of semantic web, hence, very crucial for the success of semantic web. This paper discusses a fast and efficient method to facilitate the evaluation and enrichment of domain ontologies using a text-mining approach. We exploit domain specific texts and glossaries or dictionaries in order to automatically generate g-groups and f-groups. These groups are sets of concepts/terms which have either taxonomic or non-taxonomic relationships among them. The domain expert ontology engineer reviews these generated groups and uses them to evaluate and enrich the domain ontology. We have developed an extensive and detailed ontology in the field of environmental science using this approach in interaction with domain expert. Empirical results show that our approach can support domain expert ontology engineers in building domain specific ontologies efficiently.
Developing collaborative research methodology: mapping the context of student learning by developing school-based research hypotheses

Abstract A great deal of educational research contains assumptions concerning the respective roles of the different actors within educational settings. Those ‘problems’ addressed by the research community are often defined by those outside the school setting. This article examines an attempt to engage students in the process of research. It sets out the methodological strategies that were employed in the design of a survey concerning students' experiences of schooling. The findings of this survey are presented elsewhere (Doherty, 2001). The purpose of this article is to argue that collaborative, action-orientated research is best able to develop contextually sensitive research hypotheses and research questions that address the problems of practitioners and participants.
Relationship between gene responses and symptoms induced by Rice grassy stunt virus

Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV) is a serious threat to rice production in Southeast Asia. RGSV is a member of the genus Tenuivirus, and it induces leaf yellowing, stunting, and excess tillering on rice plants. Here we examined gene responses of rice to RGSV infection to gain insight into the gene responses which might be associated with the disease symptoms. The results indicated that (1) many genes related to cell wall synthesis and chlorophyll synthesis were predominantly suppressed by RGSV infection; (2) RGSV infection induced genes associated with tillering process; (3) RGSV activated genes involved in inactivation of gibberellic acid and indole-3-acetic acid; and (4) the genes for strigolactone signaling were suppressed by RGSV. These results suggest that these gene responses to RGSV infection account for the excess tillering specific to RGSV infection as well as other symptoms by RGSV, such as stunting and leaf chlorosis.
Up close and personal: Collaborative work on a high-resolution multitouch wall display

Multitouch wall-sized displays afford new forms of collaboration: They can be used up close by several users simultaneously, offer high resolution, and provide sufficient space for intertwining individual and joint work. The difference to displays without these capabilities is not well understood. To better understand the collaboration of groups around high-resolution multitouch wall displays, we conducted an exploratory study. Pairs collaborated on a problem-solving task using a 2.8m × 1.2m multitouch display with 24.8 megapixels. The study examines how participants collaborate; navigate relative to the display and to each other; and interact with and share the display. Participants physically navigated among different parts of the display, switched fluidly between parallel and joint work, and shared the display evenly. The results contrast earlier research that suggests difficulties in sharing and collaborating around wall displays. The study suggests that multitouch wall displays can support different collaboration styles and fluid transitions in group work.
The effect of interlocutor proficiency on the collaborative dialogue between Korean as a second language learners

Previous research has shown that second language (L2) learners reflect on language form when carrying out collaborative activities in L2 classrooms. This study explored which language forms Korean as a second language (KSL) learners focused on and how their linguistic issues were resolved when collaborating with interlocutors from different proficiency levels. Eight intermediate Korean L2 learners interacted with an intermediate interlocutor (n= 8) and with an advanced interlocutor (n = 8). Their collaborative dialogue was analyzed in terms of (a) the occurrence and resolution of lexical and grammatical language-related episodes (LREs) and (b) the patterns of interaction with their interlocutors. Results showed that the collaborative dialogue with advanced interlocutors contained significantly more lexical LREs and correctly resolved LREs. In terms of their patterns of interaction, the learners showed different pair dynamics when collaborating with interlocutors from different proficiency levels. The findings are discussed in terms of the pedagogical implications for the use of collaborative tasks in L2 classrooms.
3D hypergraph-oriented air flow analysis based on PTV

The paper introduces a new air flow analysis approach based on Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV). One of the special features of the proposed method is that after the tracer particles are detected, matching and tracing are conducted jointly. To this end, we introduce an interpretation module based on a directed hypergraph for 3D curve reconstruction. At first the 2D inter-frame locations are localised and used for the extraction and calculation of 3D keypoints. Through 3D keypoints which are evaluated in several steps by the hypergraph together with the time information, reverse curve matching for path selection can be reconstructed and the resulting trajectories visualized. In contrast to the preceding work, our approach describes the measuring data by 3D trajectories directly instead of first estimating 2D trajectories and then matching them to 3D trajectories. Even with complicated trajectories, a higher precision can be achieved. A certain independence of the reflections and lighting conditions is reached by interpretation. Moreover, the path of particles can also be reconstructed with the minimum number of 3D keypoints under consideration of path energy minimization.
The ordeal of British Guiana

What is so appealing about the Guianese endeavor for socialism is that a country so little, and with resources so limited, has challenged empires so powerful and taken on problems so difficult. Three centuries of Dutch and British colonial rule must be lifted from Guiana's government administration, her social planning, and her economic enterprise. Half of her agricultural wealth and practically all of her mineral production are foreign-owned. There is a minimum of manufacturing; the largest Guianese-owned factory employs fewer than eighty workers—to make beer, rum, and exorbitant profits for the government's bitterest enemy, a collaborator with semi-fascist forces in the United States. This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Neurophysiological evidence for visual perceptual categorization of words and faces within 150 ms.

The nature and early time course of the initial processing differences between visually matched linguistic and nonlinguistic images were studied with event-related potentials (ERPs). The first effect began at 90 ms when ERPs to written words diverged from other objects, including faces. By 125 ms, ERPs to words and faces were more positive than those to other objects, effects identified with the P150. The amplitude and scalp distribution of P150s to words and faces were similar. The P150 seemed to be elicited selectively by images resembling any well-learned category of visual patterns. We propose that (a) visual perceptual categorization based on long-term experience begins by 125 ms, (b) P150 amplitude varies with the cumulative experience people have discriminating among instances of specific categories of visual objects (e.g., words, faces), and (c) the P150 is a scalp reflection of letterstring and face intracranial ERPs in posterior fusiform gyrus.
Self-adaptive mutation in the differential evolution

The Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is an efficient and powerful evolutionary algorithm (EA) for solving optimization problems. However the success of DE in solving a specific problem is closely related to appropriately choosing its control parameters. Parameter tuning leads to additional computational costs because of time-consuming trial-and-error tests. Self-adaptation, in contrast, allows the algorithm to reconfigure itself, automatically adapting to the problem being solved. There are in the literature some self-adaptive versions of differential evolution, however they do not align completely with self-adaptation concepts. In this paper, some self-adaptive versions of DE in the literature are described and discussed, and then a new Self-Adaptive Differential Evolution with multiple mutation strategies is proposed; it is called Self-adaptive Mutation Differential Evolution (SaMDE) and aims at preserving the essential characteristics of self-adaptation. Some computational experiments which illustrate algorithm behaviour and a comparative test with the classical DE and with an important self-adaptive DE are presented. The results suggest that SaMDE is a very promising algorithm.
Soluble receptors for cytokines and growth factors: generation and biological function.

Cytokines and growth factors are hormone-like molecules which are secreted by many different cells (e.g. monocytes/ macrophages, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, Band T-cells), mostly after stimulation. They play important regulatory roles in the control of the immune response, haematopoiesis, acute-phase response, inflammatory reactions, cell proliferation and tumour growth (Yarden and Ullrich, 1988; Thomson, 1991). Cytokines and growth factors exert their actions on target cells via specific cell-surface receptors; as they show such potent biological effects, their activity is strictly controlled.
Molecular thermodynamics of asphaltene precipitation in reservoir fluids

A previously described molecular-thermodynamic framework, based on colloid theory, is used to correlate experimental asphaltene-precipitation data at high-temperature and pressure conditions. In this framework, asphaltenes and resins are represented by pseudopure components, and all other components in a crude oil are presented by a continuous medium that affects van der Waals attractions among asphaltene and resin molecules. Model parameters are evaluated systematically from average properties of asphaltenes and resins in crude oils, and from dispersion-force properties of the oil medium. Given the composition of the medium, and asphaltene and resin concentrations, the molecular-thermodynamic model described here can be used to identify the onset of asphaltene precipitation, and the total amount of precipitation at the given operation conditions. Calculated results for the effects of oil composition and pressure on asphaltene precipitation are in good agreement with at least some experimental measurements for four reservoir fluids, including Texaco, Shell, Weyburn, and North-Sea crude oils.
Mapping WordNet to a relational network

This paper discusses the implementation of a lexical knowledge base, based on a conceptualization of the problem domain in terms of relational network notation. In particular, we focus here on the importing of lemmas as instances from WordNet 2.0 into the knowledge base. Relational network notation (RNN) offers a simple yet powerful means for representing lexicogrammatical, semantic and sememic information. RNN is driven by relational network theory and incorporates developments in the theory which have been shown to not only describe but also explain linguistic phenomena in a neurologically plausible manner.
Diversity of Outcomes Among Adolescent Children of Mothers With Mental Illness

Children of parents with mental illness are an at-risk population according to research on psychiatric outcomes using White, middle-class samples of depressed parents and infants and preschool children.The current study expands this evidence byexploringwithin-group heterogeneity across psychosocial outcomes, in a racially diverse, low-income sample of adolescent children of mothers with mental illness (N = 166). Using measures of mental health, academics, behavior problems, and social relationships—and employing cluster analysis methodology—we identified five meaningful subgroups of these youth. Two of five identified clusters evidenced mental health symptoms (15%) or possible behavioral problems (27%). The largest cluster (30%) appeared quite socially and academically competent; another cluster (22%) presented as average in their functioning but adult-oriented. A final small cluster (4.8%) was distinguished by members' social isolation. Cluster membership related to maternal substance abuse history, father's relationship to youth, and social support available to mothers. Implications for planning preventive interventions are discussed.
Mitigation of intra-array SRAM variability using adaptive voltage architecture

SRAM cell design is driven by the need to satisfy static noise margin, write margin and read current margin (RCM) over all cells in the array in an energy-efficient manner. These constraints determine both the minimum cell size and supply voltage. RCM is set by the maximum read access time over the array. The randomness of transistor threshold voltages, and thus read times, makes maximum read time follow extreme order statistics, specifically, the Gumbel distribution which is characterized by long tails. Thus, the margin specification needs to be met at the high sigma corners in order to reach acceptable yield, resulting in oversizing and increased VDD. In this work, we demonstrate that a reduced-area bitcell design is achievable by reducing the impact of intra-array randomness through a new architecture that employs an adaptive voltage scheme in a partitioned SRAM array. The key idea is to be able to shift empirical distributions (realizations) of read time in a set of rows that form a single partition to meet the target. Because the partition is smaller than the whole array, the tail of the Gumbel distribution is significantly reduced. The adaptive voltage tuning policy is driven by the worst partition access time. For the blocks whose delay violates access time constraints, a higher voltage is selected out of the available set to gain yield, otherwise voltage is reduced for power saving. This permits smaller cell area and lower VDD at identical yield. The cost of adaptivity is in generation and routing of a small number (in our experiments, four) voltage levels and the area of one-per-partition set of PMOS switches. We demonstrate that through the voltage tuning architecture we propose, it is possible to obtain mean power consumption reduction on average by 21% iso-area. Alternatively, bitcell area can be reduced on average by 7% iso-power compared to the existing design strategy.
A model-based back-end for air quality data management

In this paper we present a hybrid model for real-time query processing over data stream collected by mobile air quality sensors. First, we introduce a novel indexing scheme for representing air quality and use it for generating and evaluating a static model over a yearly dataset. Then, this model is combined with a dynamic nearest-neighbor approach for real-time updates, and implemented into the Global Sensor Network (GSN) middleware, with added support for model queries.
Experimental validation for millimeter-wave channel measurement in reverberation chamber

An experimental validation for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) channel measurement is presented in a reverberation chamber (RC) at 28 GHz band. A 28 GHz channel sounder and a vector network analyzer were used to measure complex channel transfer functions at the specific position of the rotating mode-stirrer in the RC. To demonstrate the experimental validation according to different antenna directions and polarizations, we have compared cumulative distribution functions for each case with Rayleigh distribution.
Frontier mutualism: coevolutionary patterns at the northern range limit of the leaf-cutter ant–fungus symbiosis

Tropical leaf-cutter ants cultivate the fungus Attamyces bromatificus in a many-to-one, diffuse coevolutionary relationship where ant and fungal partners re-associate frequently over time. To evaluate whether ant–Attamyces coevolution is more specific (tighter) in peripheral populations, we characterized the host-specificities of Attamyces genotypes at their northern, subtropical range limits (southern USA, Mexico and Cuba). Population-genetic patterns of northern Attamyces reveal features that have so far not been observed in the diffusely coevolving, tropical ant–Attamyces associations. These unique features include (i) cases of one-to-one ant–Attamyces specialization that tighten coevolution at the northern frontier; (ii) distributions of genetically identical Attamyces clones over large areas (up to 81 000 km2, approx. the area of Ireland, Austria or Panama); (iii) admixture rates between Attamyces lineages that appear lower in northern than in tropical populations; and (iv) long-distance gene flow of Attamyces across a dispersal barrier for leaf-cutter ants (ocean between mainland North America and Cuba). The latter suggests that Attamyces fungi may occasionally disperse independently of the ants, contrary to the traditional assumption that Attamyces fungi depend entirely on leaf-cutter queens for dispersal. Peripheral populations in Argentina or at mid-elevation sites in the Andes may reveal additional regional variants in ant–Attamyces coevolution. Studies of such populations are most likely to inform models of coextinctions of obligate mutualistic partners that are doubly stressed by habitat marginality and by environmental change.
Adolescents' Career Decision-Making Process: Related to Quality of Attachment to Parents?.

This longitudinal study examined how adolescents' perceptions of attachment security with parents relate to their process of choosing a major in higher education. The participants were 281 students who were investigated at the beginning, middle, and end of Grade 12. Findings showed that higher perceived security with mother, but not with father, predicted higher levels of coping with the career decisional tasks of orientation, broad and in-depth environmental exploration, and self-exploration in the future. However, perceived security did not relate to the degree of change in decisional tasks during Grade 12. Finally, results suggested that the association between perceived security with mother and the decisional tasks of orientation, broad and in-depth environmental exploration, and self-exploration was mediated by adolescents' career decision-making self-efficacy.
IEEE 802.11ac MU-MIMO Wireless LAN Cells with Legacy Clients

We provide an empirical evaluation of an IEEE 802.11ac Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) cell with Multiple User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO) technology. We conducted our experiments on a testbed comprising consumer equipment under different office scenarios using 40MHz and 80MHz channels. This is the first performance study of MU-MIMO with 802.11ac in an operational scenario using a commercial access point. We find that, for clients that do not support MU-MIMO, operating in a cell that has MU-MIMO enabled may result in reduced performance.
Is There Such a Thing as Too Much of a Good Thing When it Comes to Education? Reexamining First Generation Student Success

Data mining and statistical analyses at a less selective institution reveal that the relationships between parents' educational level and some first year success indicators are not linear. Specifically, students who report that either parent or guardian(s) have an educational level beyond a baccalaureate degree or do not report parent education level fair worse in most first year success indicators as well as some pre-college enrollment characteristics than those students whose either parent or guardian(s) have some college or a baccalaureate degree. Mathematics SAT, Critical Reading SAT, placement tests, first semester credits attempted, first semester credits earned, first semester GPA, and one-year retention means among students grouped by five parent education levels are assessed. In addition to the findings, variable construction, definition of first generation students, exploratory analyses, inferential statistics, and predictive models are discussed. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic and regression techniques, limits, and appropriateness of these techniques are investigated.
DYMOS: a dynamic modification system

Programs are frequently modified during their lifetime. Furthermore, modifications to some systems have to be made on the fly; that is, without stopping their execution. For example, changes to airline reservation systems, telephone switching systems, and on-line banking systems have to performed dynamically. Other continuously running systems, such as operating systems, may be modified on the fly to increase their availability. DYMOS is a programming system that supports a programmer modifying a StarMod program dynamically. StarMod [2] is an extension of Modula [3]. To modify procedures dynamically, the programmer modifies and recompiles the source code of the procedures to be replaced and then requests the system to change the current core image to incorporate new code and data.