Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of open platform humanoid robot DARwIn-OP

To develop an appropriate research platform, this paper presents the design method for a humanoid which has a network-based modular structure and a standard PC architecture. Based on the proposed method, we developed DARwIn-OP which meets the requirements for an open humanoid platform. DARwIn-OP has an expandable system structure, high performance, simple maintenance, familiar development environment and affordable prices. Not only hardware but also software aspects of open humanoid platform are discussed in this paper.
Similarity Scaling and Cognitive Process Models

INTRODUCTION 25 DETERMINISTIC MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING APPROACHES . 27 Universal Laws of Generalization and Similarity . 27 Identification, Categorization, and Recognition 30 Same-Different Judgments and Reaction Time 37 Cognitive Processes and the Metric Axioms. 38 Summary. 40 PROBABILISTIC MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING APPROACHES . 41 Probabilistic Scaling of Distance Judgments . 41 General Recognition Theory . 43 Multivariate Discrimination Methods . 47 FUTURE DIRECTIONS 49
Stopping Sets of Algebraic Geometry Codes

Stopping sets and stopping set distribution of a linear code play an important role in the performance analysis of iterative decoding for this linear code. Let C be an [n, k] linear code over Fq with parity-check matrix H, where the rows of H may be dependent. Let [n] = {1, 2,. ,n} denote the set of column indices of H. A stopping set S of C with parity-check matrix H is a subset of [n] such that the restriction of H to S does not contain a row of weight 1. The stopping set distribution {Ti(H)}i=0n enumerates the number of stopping sets with size i of C with parity-check matrix H. Denote H*, the parity-check matrix, consisting of all the nonzero codewords in the dual code C⊥. In this paper, we study stopping sets and stopping set distributions of some residue algebraic geometry (AG) codes with parity-check matrix H*. First, we give two descriptions of stopping sets of residue AG codes. For the simplest AG codes, i.e., the generalized Reed-Solomon codes, it is easy to determine all the stopping sets. Then, we consider the AG codes from elliptic curves. We use the group structure of rational points of elliptic curves to present a complete characterization of stopping sets. Then, the stopping sets, the stopping set distribution, and the stopping distance of the AG code from an elliptic curve are reduced to the search, counting, and decision versions of the subset sum problem in the group of rational points of the elliptic curve, respectively. Finally, for some special cases, we determine the stopping set distributions of the AG codes from elliptic curves.
Role of viruses in human evolution†

Abstract The study of viral molecular genetics has produced a considerable body of research into the sequences and phylogenetic relationships of human and animal viruses. A review of this literature suggests that humans have been afflicted by viruses throughout their evolutionary history, although the number and types have changed. Some viruses show evidence of long‐standing intimate relationship and cospeciation with hominids, while others are more recently acquired from other species, including African monkeys and apes while our line was evolving in that continent, and domesticated animals and rodents since the Neolithic. Viral selection for specific resistance polymorphisms is unlikely, but in conjunction with other parasites, viruses have probably contributed to selection pressure maintaining major histocompatibility complex (MHC) diversity and a strong immune response. They may also have played a role in the loss in our lineage of N‐glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), a cell‐surface receptor for many infectious agents. Shared viruses could have affected hominid species diversity both by promoting divergence and by weeding out less resistant host populations, while viruses carried by humans and other animals migrating out of Africa may have contributed to declines in other populations. Endogenous retroviral insertions since the divergence between humans and chimpanzees were capable of directly affecting hominid evolution through changes in gene expression and development. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 46:14–46, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TIREBOT: A novel tire workshop assistant robot

In this paper a novel tire workshop assistant robot is presented. The robot can load heavy wheels and transport them in any place of the workshop, lifting the operator from the effort of doing it manually. The operator can interact with the robot through gestures, which are captured by a RGB-D camera and translated into commands, or teleoperate it through a control station equipped with a haptic interface, which can also return a force feedback. The robot can also operate autonomously with a mission manager that decides where the robot has to go in order to accomplish a certain task. The paper presents a description of the design process and motivations of every design choice.
A New Mathematical Approach to Geographic Profiling

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing customized greeting messages from a switch-based voice messaging service. Advantageously, special messages may be left for identified callers. The invention further relates to a method and apparatus for determining which of a plurality of numbers received in a common channel signaling message is to be used as the ICLID number for a specific call. The candidate ICLID numbers include the caller station telephone number, the caller's calling card number, or a special number provided by the caller. Advantageously, such an arrangement can be used to identify callers who are calling away from their home or business telephones.
Verification of a Low Component Nine-Level Cascaded-Transformer Multilevel Inverter in Grid-Tied Mode

The main problem related to cascaded H-bridge (CHB) cell multilevel inverters is their using of a large number of components, such as switches and dc-sources. Therefore, minimization of components in these kinds of devices is of great importance. Cascaded-transformer multilevel inverters (CTMIs) have completely eliminated the need for several dc-sources in CHBs. Thus, minimization of the other components in CTMIs can lead to obtain an optimized structure for multilevel inverters. This paper introduces a simple and compact structure for transformer-based multilevel inverters. Since the number of utilized components in the proposed structure is remarkably reduced, the cost, volume, and complexity are minimized. The performance of the suggested inverter has been scrutinized through two different strategies. First, it is tested under condition of supplying a local load, and second, employing sample-based current control strategy; its performance is inspected when being connected to the grid. In the latter test, the leakage inductances of the transformers are utilized to execute the sample-based current control strategy, thus, the need for extra filter is eradicated. The feasibility of the suggested topology has been validated by using the laboratory-built prototype along with a computer-aided simulated model.
The Effect of Squat Depth on Multiarticular Muscle Activation in Collegiate Cross-Country Runners

Abstract Gorsuch, J, Long, J, Miller K, Primeau, K, Rutledge, S, Sossong, A, and Durocher, JJ. The effect of squat depth on multiarticular muscle activation in collegiate cross-country runners. J Strength Cond Res 27(9): 2619–2625, 2013—The squat is a closed-chain lower body exercise commonly performed by many athletes. Muscle activity has been examined during partial and parallel squats in male weightlifters, but not in male and female runners. Therefore, this study measured muscle activity with surface electromyography (EMG) during partial and parallel squats in 20 Division I collegiate cross-country runners (10 males and 10 females) in a randomized crossover design. We hypothesized the parallel squat would increase extensor muscle activitation (i.e. hamstrings and erector spinae). Furthermore, we sought to determine if changes in muscle activity were different between males and females. Participants performed 6 repetitions using their 10 repetition maximum loads for each condition during EMG testing. EMG was performed on the right rectus femoris, biceps femoris, lumbar erector spinae, and lateral head of the gastrocnemius. Rectus femoris activity (0.18 ± 0.01 vs. 0.14 ± 0.01 mV) and erector spinae activity (0.16 ± 0.01 vs. 0.13 ± 0.01 mV) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) during the parallel squat than during the partial squat condition. This increase in muscle activity may be attributed to greater ranges of motion at the hip and knee joints. Biceps femoris and gastrocnemius activity were similar between conditions. No significant differences existed between males and females (squat condition × gender; p > 0.05). During preliminary isokinetic testing, both male and female runners demonstrated deficient hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratios, which would not likely improve by performing parallel squats based on our EMG findings. Despite the reduced load of the parallel squat, rectus femoris and erector spinae activity were elevated. Thus, parallel squats may help runners to train muscles vital for uphill running and correct posture, while preventing injury by using lighter weights through a larger range of motion.
Vocal Efficiency and Aerodynamic Aspects in Voice Disorders

The variation of vocal efficiency for the mean values for normal subjects was investigated in patients with laryngeal disease. The relative contributions of mean flow rate and intrapulmonic pressure to the variation of efficiency were explored to explain aerodynamic aspects in voice disorders. Vocal efficiency was determined by use of expressions involving simultaneous values of sound pressure level, mean flow rate, and intrapulmonic pressure. The intrapulmonic pressure was noninvasively obtained by plethysmographic and pneumotachographic methods. Values of vocal efficiency were generally abnormally low for the types of larynges studied. An aerodynamic-biomechanical classification of laryngeal disease was inferred from the data: 1) large chink of glottis, associated with high flow rate; 2) mass on vocal fold, associated with high values of both flow rate and intrapulmonic pressure; and 3) high stiffness of vocal fold, associated with high values of intrapulmonic pressure.
Applying Models to National Surveys of Undergraduate Science Students: What Affects Ratings of Satisfaction?

Many countries use national-level surveys to capture student opinions about their university experiences. It is necessary to interpret survey results in an appropriate context to inform decision-making at many levels. To provide context to national survey outcomes, we describe patterns in the ratings of science and engineering subjects from the UK’s National Student Survey (NSS). New, robust statistical models describe relationships between the Overall Satisfaction’ rating and the preceding 21 core survey questions. Subjects exhibited consistent differences and ratings of “Teaching”, “Organisation” and “Support” were thematic predictors of “Overall Satisfaction” and the best single predictor was “The course was well designed and running smoothly”. General levels of satisfaction with feedback were low, but questions about feedback were ultimately the weakest predictors of “Overall Satisfaction”. The UK’s universities affiliated groupings revealed that more traditional “1994” and “Russell” groups over-performed in a model using the core 21 survey questions to predict “Overall Satisfaction”, in contrast to the under-performing newer universities in the Million+ and Alliance groups. Findings contribute to the debate about “level playing fields” for the interpretation of survey outcomes worldwide in terms of differences between subjects, institutional types and the questionnaire items.
‘We can giggle about being thick together’: utilising the social dimensions of learning in the workplace

Abstract Whilst the economic agenda continues to dominate adult learning policy, evidence from national surveys indicates that vocational and other learning opportunities continue to be unevenly distributed according to social class. This article argues that the concept of social capital can usefully be employed to increase participation for adults who do not normally engage in learning activities in the workplace. Drawing from research with low-skilled workers in Glasgow, Scotland, the article explores the relationship between social networks and workplace learning. It contends that the normative nature of workplace networks can operate to inhibit participation where learning is not integral to the norms of the group. It suggests, however, that workplace networks could positively reinforce, rather than inhibit learning and that they could easily be capitalised upon in organisations. Doing so requires trust at different levels and the article also addresses how this trust can be built.
p185neu protein is required for tumor and anchorage‐independent growth, not for cell proliferation of transgenic mammary carcinoma

Transgenic FVB‐NeuN mice (N202) bearing the rat neu protooncogene driven by the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter/enhancer develop focal mammary carcinomas overexpressing the neu‐encoded p185neu protein. In vitro expression of p185neu among mammary carcinoma cultures was heterogeneous, and we could establish some cell lines and clones displaying a complete loss of p185neu expression, along with others with very high p185neu protein level. Upon in vivo injection, p185neu‐positive cells gave rise to fast‐growing tumors with a short latency, while p185neu‐negative cells required a very long latency time, and the resulting tumors were invariably p185neu‐positive. The lower growth ability of p185neu‐negative cells in vivo was also confirmed in athymic nude mice. In vitro, analysis of anchorage‐independent growth in soft agar revealed colony formation from p185neu‐positive but not p185neu‐negative cells. The direct involvement of p185neu in clonogenicity was demonstrated by the inhibition of p185neu‐positive colony growth in soft agar in the presence of an anti‐p185neu monoclonal antibody. By contrast, a higher level of anchorage‐dependent clonogenic growth and proliferation was observed in p185neu‐negative cells as compared to p185neu‐positive cells, thus explaining the relative ease with which p185neu‐negative cell lines and clones were established in vitro. Together, the results indicate that p185neu expression can lead to tumor formation and metastasis through the modification of intrinsic properties of cells related to anchorage‐independent growth ability rather than to proliferation or host‐dependent mechanisms. Int. J. Cancer 87:186–194, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using audio-visual features for robust voice activity detection in clean and noisy speech

The aim of this work is to utilize both audio and visual speech information to create a robust voice activity detector (VAD) that operates in both clean and noisy speech. A statistical-based audio-only VAD is developed first using MFCC vectors as input. Secondly, a visual-only VAD is produced which uses 2-D discrete cosine transform (DCT) visual features. The two VADs are then integrated into an audio-visual VAD (AV-VAD). A weighting term is introduced to vary the contribution of the audio and visual components according to the input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Experimental results first establish the optimal configuration of the classifier and show that higher accuracy is obtained when temporal derivatives are included. Tests in white noise down to an SNR of -20dB show the AV-VAD to be highly robust with accuracy remaining above 97%. Comparison with the ETSI Aurora VAD shows the AV-VAD to be significantly more accurate.
Bacteriological Examination of Urine Samples from Dogs with Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infection

In the present study, a total of 100 urine samples obtained by antepubic cystocentesis from dogs with symptoms of urinary tract infection were examined bacteriologically. Bacteria were isolated from 38 of 100 urine samples. No significant difference was determined when the frequency of bacteriuria was compared between female and male dogs and in 2 different age groups (<2 and ≥2 years). The organisms were isolated in pure culture from 29 (76.31%) samples and were isolated in mixed culture from 9 (23.68%) samples. A total of 51 strains were isolated from the urine samples. Of the strains isolated, 12 (23.52%) were identified as Escherichia coli, 8 (15.68%) as Streptococcus spp. , 6 (11.76%) as Micrococcus spp. , 5 (9.80%) as Staphylococcus spp. , 5 (9.80%) as Corynebacterium spp. , 4 (7.84%) as Klebsiella pneumoniae, 3 (5.88%) as Proteus vulgaris, 2 (3.92%) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 (3.92%) as Citrobacter freundii, 2 (3.92%) as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and 2 (3.92%) as Enterobacter agglomerans. Of the 51 strains examined, 46 (90.19%) were sensitive to amoxycillin/clavulonic acid, 40 (78.43%) to gentamicin, 39 (76.47%) to ampicillin/sulbactam, 31 (60.78%) to enrofloxacin, 30 (58.82%) to nitrofurantoin, 29 (56.86%) to kanamycin, 28 (54.90%) to oxytetracycline, 26 (50.98%) to cephalothin and danofloxacin, and 23 (45.09%) to sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
Uto-Aztecan Morphophonemics

0. In my view, PUA split first into northern PNUA and southern PSUA. PNUA became Takic, Numic, Tu, and Ho. PSUA became Taracahitic, Tepiman, Corachol, and Az. Some processes described below apply only to the *-na-class, a set of verbs with special thematic suffixes: causative *-naand *-ca(PSUA) or *I-naand *i-ca(PNUA), intransitive *-0(PSUA) or *-kiand *i-tai(PNUA). I plan to deal with the history of this class in another paper.
Association between diabetes mellitus/hyperglycaemia and peri‐implant diseases: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

AIM This systematic review investigates whether hyperglycaemia/diabetes mellitus is associated with peri-implant diseases (peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis). MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic and manual literature searching was conducted. An a priori case definition for peri-implantitis was used as an inclusion criterion to minimize risk of bias. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment; random effect models were applied; and results were reported according to the PRISMA Statement. RESULTS Twelve studies were eligible for qualitative and seven of them for quantitative analyses. Meta-analyses detected the risk of peri-implantitis was about 50% higher in diabetes than in non-diabetes (RR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.21-1.77 and OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.31-2.46; z = 5.98; p < .001). Importantly, among non-smokers, those with hyperglycaemia had 3.39-fold higher risk for peri-implantitis compared with normoglycaemia (95% CI: 1.06-10.81). Conversely, the association between diabetes and peri-implant mucositis was not statistically significant (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.72-1.16 and OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 0.84-1.27; z = 1.06, p = .29). CONCLUSIONS Within its limits that demand great caution when interpreting its findings, this systematic review suggests that diabetes mellitus/hyperglycaemia is associated with greater risk of peri-implantitis, independently of smoking, but not with peri-implant mucositis.
Production and detection of staphylococcal elastase

The optimum conditions were determined for the production and detection of staphylococcal elastase from Staphylococcus epidermidis. Optimum production and recovery took place when the dialysis membrane technique was utilized with brain heart infusion agar incubated for 44 h under 15% CO2 and harvested in physiological saline. Near-optimal production took place by 28 h, and this was found more useful for routine use. Incorporation of elastin into the culture medium or the inoculum did not result in higher levels of elastase production. The detection system consisted of 0.25% particulate elastin suspended in a pH 7.0, 0.05 M tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-hydrochloride-buffered solidified plated medium. Crude undialyzed elastase was best detected when the medium contained either agarose and 10(-3) M calcium or purified agar without additional additives. Crude dialyzed elastase was best detected when the medium contained agarose and 10(-3) M disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
A Digital Implementation of a Dual-Path Time-to-Time Integrator

This paper presents an asynchronous digital technique for the realization of an integrator that takes as input the time-difference between two rising edges of digital signals and produces a corresponding time-difference output signal. The key element of this circuit is a time-memory cell called TLatch. This circuit has the ability to store the time-difference between two edges and allow its retrieval at a later time. By using two TLatches in parallel, a dual-path high-throughput integrator is proposed. Internal mismatches in delays can be removed using a simple calibration algorithm that aligns the frequency of two internal oscillators, thereby eliminating the need for trimming or any reference element. The proposed architecture is fabricated in 1.2 V 0.13-μm IBM CMOS technology and the experimental results confirm the integration operation.
Reminiscence and autobiographical memory: Complementary contexts for cognitive aging research.

Abstract Two parallel research traditions (i.e., the clinical/reminiscence and the cognitive/experimental) have investigated very long-term memory processes in adults. The overarching theme of this article is that the nonoverlapping clinical and experimental paradigms can profit from the findings of each other, suggesting a rapproachment is both warranted and overdue. This paper will first critically review empirical studies from both the clinical/reminiscence and experimental/cognitive areas, noting important limitations in both. Second, aspects of common ground will be identified between the two approaches in an attempt to illustrate how knowledge of both paradigms can strengthen future research endeavors.
LONG-ORBITAL-PERIOD PREPOLARS CONTAINING EARLY K-TYPE DONOR STARS. BOTTLENECK ACCRETION MECHANISM IN ACTION

We studied two objects identified as cataclysmic variables (CVs) with periods exceeding the natural boundary for Roche-lobe-filling zero-age main sequence (ZAMS) secondary stars. We present observational results for V1082 Sgr with a 20.82 hr orbital period, an object that shows a low luminosity state when its flux is totally dominated by a chromospherically active K star with no signs of ongoing accretion. Frequent accretion shutoffs, together with characteristics of emission lines in a high state, indicate that this binary system is probably detached, and the accretion of matter on the magnetic white dwarf takes place through stellar wind from the active donor star via coupled magnetic fields. Its observational characteristics are surprisingly similar to V479 And, a 14.5 hr binary system. They both have early K-type stars as donor stars. We argue that, similar to the shorter-period prepolars containing M dwarfs, these are detached binaries with strong magnetic components. Their magnetic fields are coupled, allowing enhanced stellar wind from the K star to be captured and channeled through the bottleneck connecting the two stars onto the white dwarf’s magnetic pole, mimicking a magnetic CV. Hence, they become interactive binaries before they reach contact. This will help to explain an unexpected lack of systems possessing white dwarfs with strong magnetic fields among detached white+red dwarf systems.