Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BJUT at TREC 2015 Microblog Track: Real-Time Filtering Using Knowledge Base

Abstract : This paper describes our efforts for TREC 2015 Microblog track. We applied the classic retrieval model combined with the external knowledge base, i.e.,Wikipedia, for query expansion. Besides, we introduced the knowledge acquisition, query expansion, and retrieval model as well. Experimental results show the proposed approach is better than classical method in microblog real-time filtering with the usage of external knowledge base.
Experimental study of spectrum sensing based on energy detection and network cooperation

Spectrum sensing has been identified as a key enabling functionality to ensure that cognitive radios would not interfere with primary users, by reliably detecting primary user signals. Recent research studied spectrum sensing using energy detection and network cooperation via modeling and simulations. However, there is a lack of experimental study that shows the feasibility and practical performance limits of this approach under real noise and interference sources in wireless channels. In this work, we implemented energy detector on a wireless testbed and measured the required sensing time needed to achieve the desired probability of detection and false alarm for modulated and sinewave-pilot signals in low SNR regime. We measured the minimum detectable signal levels set by the receiver noise uncertainties. Our experimental study also measured the sensing improvements achieved via network cooperation, identified the robust threshold rule for hard decision combining and quantified the effects of spatial separation between radios in indoor environments.
Integrity : Security , Reliability , and Performance Considerations

Database integrity is a central underlying issue in the implementation of database technology. Trust in the correctness of the data that is held by the database system is a prerequisite for using the data in business, research or decision making applications. This paper will begin by discussing the areas that pose challenges in ensuring database security and reliability. It will look at the benefits and limitations of possible hardware and software solution strategies, especially with respect to the considerations of system overhead and the effect on system performance. It will specifically discuss the use of error checking and correction codes to address integrity issues and consider how these codes may be used to help improve the performance of database systems.
In Proceedings of the Symposium on Intelligent Robotic Systems Sirs'97 Stockholm, Swede Visually-guided Navigation of a Mobile Robot in a Structured Environment

This paper presents the application of the Visual Servoing technique for a mobile robot which must execute coordinate motions in a known indoor environment. Our contribution concerns especially the execution of a path expressed as a sequence of several basic motions (like Go to an object, Follow a wall, Turn around a corner,. .): each one is a visually-guided movement. Namely the robot is controlled according to the position of some features in an image. Such a path will be executed by a non holonomic mobile robot, which has only two degrees of freedom (two wheels), and three connguration parameters (XY); the camera is mounted on the robot via a pan platform, which adds a new degree of freedom (pl). The visually-guided control of the camera movements rather than the robot ones, allows to bypass non holonomic constraints and to compute orders at once, for the robot wheels and for the platform. In this paper, this approach is validated by simulation results; the experimental validation is on the way by using the mobile robot HILARE II.
Search for Mid-Infrared Flux Variations from the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61

We report on our Spitzer observations of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61, made following a large X-ray burst that occurred on 2007 February 7. To search for mid-infrared flux variations, four imaging observations were carried out at 4.5 and 8.0 μm with the Infrared Array Camera from February 14 to 21. No significant flux variations were detected, and the average fluxes were 32.1 ± 2.0 μJy at 4.5 μm and 59.8 ± 8.5 μJy at 8.0 μm, consistent with those obtained in 2005. The nondetection of variability is interesting in light of reported rapid variability from this source in the near-infrared but consistent with the fact that the source already went back to its quiescent state before our observations began, as indicated by contemporaneous X-ray observations. In order to understand the origin of the near-infrared variability, frequent, simultaneous multiwavelength observations are needed.
Testing a Two-Stage Grant Allocation Process: The Case of the United Way

Drawing upon transaction costs economics, we examine the determinants of the two-stage allocation process within the local United Way (UW) system. We use a unique multiyear data set that captures local UW allocations to nonprofit grantees at four points in time (2000, 2004, 2008, and 2010). We find that the first stage is screening, in which organizations’ legitimacy, mission, and financial performance are preliminary determinants of partnership in the UW system. In the second stage, UWs incentivize existing grantees with high legitimacy to stay in the system through larger allocation share. These determinants are stable over time. However, size of these effects varies across size of UW system; this finding suggests that transaction costs influence the likelihood of using performance measures to evaluate grantees in the first stage of the allocation process.
Visual Servoing in the Large

In this paper we consider the problem of maneuvering an autonomous robot in complex unknown environments using vision. The goal is to accurately servo a wheeled vehicle to a desired posture using only feedback from an on-board camera, taking into account the nonholonomic nature of the vehicle kinematics and the limited field-of-view of the camera. With respect to existing visual servoing schemes, which achieve similar goals locally (i.e. when the desired and actual camera views are sufficiently similar), we propose a method to visually navigate the robot through an extended visual map before eventually reaching the desired goal. The map comprises a set of images, previously stored in an exploratory phase, that convey both topological and metric information regarding the connectivity through feasible robot paths and the geometry of the environment, respectively. Experimental results on a laboratory setup are reported showing the practicality of the proposed approach.
Economic Growth and the Rise of Political Extremism

In many western democracies, political parties with extreme platforms challenge more moderate incumbents. This paper analyses the impact of economic growth on the support for extreme political platforms. We provide a theoretical argument in favor of growth effects (as opposed to level effects) on the support for extreme political parties and we empirically investigate the relationship between growth and extremist votes. Lower growth rates benefit right-wing and nationalist parties, but do not have a robust positive effect on the support for communist parties. Our estimates indicate that extreme political platforms are unlikely to gain majorities in OECD countries, unless there is an extreme drop in the GDP per capita growth rate.
Connections between quantized feedback control and quantized estimation

Quantized feedback control and quantized estimation have attracted a lot of attention in recent years with many results available on both research topics. In this paper, we investigate connections between quantized feedback control and quantized estimation and try to establish a possible separation principle for quantized output feedback which would allow the control design and state estimation to become independent in a networked control environment. We also consider the use of a variable rate finite-level logarithmic quantizer and show that this may approach the minimum averaged bit rate required for quantized feedback stabilization.
AmalgamScope: Merging Annotations Data across the Human Genome

The past years have shown an enormous advancement in sequencing and array-based technologies, producing supplementary or alternative views of the genome stored in various formats and databases. Their sheer volume and different data scope pose a challenge to jointly visualize and integrate diverse data types. We present AmalgamScope a new interactive software tool focusing on assisting scientists with the annotation of the human genome and particularly the integration of the annotation files from multiple data types, using gene identifiers and genomic coordinates. Supported platforms include next-generation sequencing and microarray technologies. The available features of AmalgamScope range from the annotation of diverse data types across the human genome to integration of the data based on the annotational information and visualization of the merged files within chromosomal regions or the whole genome. Additionally, users can define custom transcriptome library files for any species and use the file exchanging distant server options of the tool.
To Perceive or Not Perceive: The Role of Gamma-band Activity in Signaling Object Percepts

The relation of gamma-band synchrony to holistic perception in which concerns the effects of sensory processing, high level perceptual gestalt formation, motor planning and response is still controversial. To provide a more direct link to emergent perceptual states we have used holistic EEG/ERP paradigms where the moment of perceptual “discovery” of a global pattern was variable. Using a rapid visual presentation of short-lived Mooney objects we found an increase of gamma-band activity locked to perceptual events. Additional experiments using dynamic Mooney stimuli showed that gamma activity increases well before the report of an emergent holistic percept. To confirm these findings in a data driven manner we have further used a support vector machine classification approach to distinguish between perceptual vs. non perceptual states, based on time-frequency features. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were all above 95%. Modulations in the 30–75 Hz range were larger for perception states. Interestingly, phase synchrony was larger for perception states for high frequency bands. By focusing on global gestalt mechanisms instead of local processing we conclude that gamma-band activity and synchrony provide a signature of holistic perceptual states of variable onset, which are separable from sensory and motor processing.
Atmospheric isoprene ozonolysis: impacts of stabilised Criegee intermediate reactions with SO 2 , H 2 O and dimethyl sulfide

Abstract. Isoprene is the dominant global biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emission. Reactions of isoprene with ozone are known to form stabilised Criegee intermediates (SCIs), which have recently been shown to be potentially important oxidants for SO2 and NO2 in the atmosphere; however the significance of this chemistry for SO2 processing (affecting sulfate aerosol) and NO2 processing (affecting NOx levels) depends critically upon the fate of the SCIs with respect to reaction with water and decomposition. Here, we have investigated the removal of SO2 in the presence of isoprene and ozone, as a function of humidity, under atmospheric boundary layer conditions. The SO2 removal displays a clear dependence on relative humidity, confirming a significant reaction for isoprene-derived SCIs with H2O. Under excess SO2 conditions, the total isoprene ozonolysis SCI yield was calculated to be 0.56 (±0.03). The observed SO2 removal kinetics are consistent with a relative rate constant, k(SCI + H2O) / k(SCI + SO2), of 3.1 (±0.5) × 10−5 for isoprene-derived SCIs. The relative rate constant for k(SCI decomposition) / k(SCI+SO2) is 3.0 (±3.2) × 1011 cm−3. Uncertainties are ±2σ and represent combined systematic and precision components. These kinetic parameters are based on the simplification that a single SCI species is formed in isoprene ozonolysis, an approximation which describes the results well across the full range of experimental conditions. Our data indicate that isoprene-derived SCIs are unlikely to make a substantial contribution to gas-phase SO2 oxidation in the troposphere. We also present results from an analogous set of experiments, which show a clear dependence of SO2 removal in the isoprene–ozone system as a function of dimethyl sulfide concentration. We propose that this behaviour arises from a rapid reaction between isoprene-derived SCIs and dimethyl sulfide (DMS); the observed SO2 removal kinetics are consistent with a relative rate constant, k(SCI + DMS) / k(SCI + SO2), of 3.5 (±1.8). This result suggests that SCIs may contribute to the oxidation of DMS in the atmosphere and that this process could therefore influence new particle formation in regions impacted by emissions of unsaturated hydrocarbons and DMS.
Integration of sequential scenarios

We give a formal relation-based definition of scenarios and we show how different scenarios can be integrated to obtain a more global view of user-system interactions. We restrict ourselves to the sequential case, meaning that we suppose that there is only one user (thus, the scenarios we wish to integrate cannot occur concurrently). Our view of scenarios is state-based, rather than event-based, like most of the other approaches, and can be grafted to the well-established specification language Z. Also, the end product of scenario integration, the specification of the functional aspects of the system, is given as a relation; this specification can be refined using independently developed methods. Our formal description is coupled with a diagram-based, transition-system like, presentation of scenarios, which is better suited to communication between clients and specifiers.
In women with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity, loss of intra-abdominal fat is associated with resumption of ovulation.

BACKGROUND It is not clear why some anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity resume ovulation and others remain anovulatory after weight loss. The objective of this study was to compare the changes in body fat distribution and specifically intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and subcutaneous abdominal fat (SAF) between a group of anovulatory women with PCOS and obesity who resume ovulation (RO+) to those who remain anovulatory (RO-) during a lifestyle program. METHODS In a prospective pilot cohort study, anovulatory women with PCOS underwent a 6 month lifestyle program in a tertiary fertility clinic. Body fat distribution was assessed by anthropometrics, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and single slice abdominal CT scan at intake, after 3 months and after 6 months. Baseline-corrected changes over time were analysed using generalized estimating equations longitudinal regression analysis. RESULTS In 32 anovulatory women with PCOS (age, 28 ± 4 years; BMI, 37.5 ± 5.0 kg/m²), there were no significant baseline differences in anthropometrics and biochemical assessment between 14 RO+ participants and 18 RO- participants. RO+ women lost more weight (6.3 versus 3.0%) and abdominal fat on DEXA (15.0 versus 4.3%) compared with RO- women. Resumption of ovulation was associated with early and consistent loss of IAF (12.4 versus 5.0% at 3 months and 18.5 versus 8.6% at 6 months). Loss of SAF between the RO+ women and the RO- women was similar at 3 months (6.2 versus 6.1%) but did not change any further in RO- women (6.1%) as it did in RO+ women (11.4%) at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS In anovulatory women with PCOS and obesity undergoing a lifestyle program, RO+ women lose more body weight and abdominal fat on DEXA than RO- women. In addition, this study shows that early and consistent loss of IAF is associated with resumption of ovulation. Future studies should address the mechanisms behind these changes and should assess interventions aimed at loss of IAF to facilitate resumption of ovulation.
Occasional Review

SUMMARY The Lewy body is a distinctive neuronal inclusion that is always found in the substantia nigra and other specific brain regions in Parkinson's disease. It is mainly composed of structurally altered neurofilament, and occurs wherever there is excessive loss of neurons. It occurs in some elderly individuals and rarely in other degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. In 273 brains of patients dying from disorders other than Parkinson's disease, the age-specific prevalence of Lewy bodies increased from 3-8% to 12-8% between the sixth and ninth decades. Associated pathological findings suggest that these cases of incidental Lewy body disease are presymptomatic cases of Parkinson's disease, and confirm the importance of age (time) in the evolution of the disease. In view of the common and widespread occurrence of this disorder we propose that endo-genous mechanisms operating in early life may be more important than environmental agents in the pathogenesis of Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease. Neuronal inclusions called Lewy bodies are present in many surviving cells of the substantia nigra in all cases of Parkinson's disease fulfilling the UK Parkin-son's Disease Society Brain Bank clinical diagnostic criteria (table 1), if alternative Parkinsonian disorders are identified and excluded by pathological examination. Lewy bodies therefore provide a diagnostic marker and are as essential for the pathological diagnosis as the specific distribution of cell loss. The absence of Lewy bodies in even one bilateral 7 pm section of substantia nigra excludes Parkinson's disease . ' Reports of Lewy bodies in individuals without Parkinsonian features suggest a presymptomatic phase of the disease (incidental Lewy body disease). 2 Less commonly dementia34 and autonomic failure,5 due to cell loss and Lewy body formation in extra-nigral sites, complicate Parkinson's disease, or rarely occur alone. These other manifestations of the Lewy body-Parkinson's disease spectrum encourage the inclusive pathological term of idiopathic Lewy body disease (table 2). In recent years it has emerged that a small group of rare disorders or rare variants of common disorders are also sometimes associated with Lewy bodies in the nervous system, usually in some of the same areas affected in idiopathic Lewy body disease (table 2). These differ, however, because most are familial, occur at a young age and are associated with additional pathological lesions. In contrast to Parkinson's disease Lewy bodies are not invariably present; for example they are reported in only 10-15% of cases of Hallervorden-Spatz disease. IDIOPATHIC LEWY BODY DISEASE Distribution of …
Identification and characterisation of microRNAs in young adults of Angiostrongylus cantonensis via a deep-sequencing approach

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is an important causative agent of eosinophilic meningitis and eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that participate in a wide range of biological processes. This study employed a deep-sequencing approach to study miRNAs from young adults of A. cantonensis. Based on 16,880,456 high-quality reads, 252 conserved mature miRNAs including 10 antisense miRNAs that belonging to 90 families, together with 10 antisense miRNAs were identified and characterised. Among these sequences, 53 miRNAs from 25 families displayed 50 or more reads. The conserved miRNA families were divided into four groups according to their phylogenetic distribution and a total of nine families without any members showing homology to other nematodes or adult worms were identified. Stem-loop real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of aca-miR-1-1 and aca-miR-71-1 demonstrated that their level of expression increased dramatically from infective larvae to young adults and then decreased in adult worms, with the male worms exhibiting significantly higher levels of expression than female worms. These findings provide information related to the regulation of gene expression during the growth, development and pathogenesis of young adults of A. cantonensis.
Regional Differences in Amyloid Deposition between 11C-Pib PET PositivePatients with and without Elevated Striatal Amyloid Uptake

Purpose: In subjects showing an increased level of 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the brain, two groups can be distinguished: those with and without elevated PiB uptake in the striatum. We examined regional PiB uptake differences between these groups, and additionally compared them with PiB-negative subjects. Methods: This study included 141 subjects complaining of cognitive impairment. Their clinical diagnoses were Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment, dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, or subjective cognitive impairment. PiB and 18F-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET were performed in all subjects. PiB PET images were visually classified into three groups: 1) PiB-positive with uptake in any region of the cortex accompanied by striatal PiB uptake (STRPOS), 2) PiB-positive with cortical uptake but without striatal PiB uptake (STRNEG), and 3) both cortex and striatum PiB-negative (PiBNEG). Standardised uptake value ratios (SUVR) and regional differences in PiB uptake were evaluated using voxelbased analysis of PiB and FDG uptake images. Results: Eighty subjects were visually rated as PiB-positive: 11 had no increased PiB uptake in the striatal area, while 69 showed an elevated striatal PiB level. Sixty-one subjects were PiB-negative. Mean cortical SUVR was 1.46 ± 0.23 for STRNEG, 2.00 ± 0.44 for STRPOS and 0.99 ± 0.19 for PiBNEG. Apart from the striatum, PiB accumulation in the medial orbitofrontal cortex of STRPOS subjects was higher than in STRNEG subjects. No significant differences in regional FDG distribution were observed. Conclusion: PiB-positive cases with high striatal PiB uptake have an increased mean cortical SUVR in comparison to PiB-positive subjects without striatal uptake. This difference is most distinctive in the orbitofrontal cortex. We conclude that a high amyloid load in the striatum is linked to amyloid deposition occurring mostly in the frontal region, and may occur later in the course of AD progression.
The benefits and risks of structuring and coding of patient histories in the electronic clinical record: protocol for a systematic review.

BACKGROUND Data in medical records have in part been recorded in structured and coded forms for some decades. However, the patient history is as yet largely recorded in an uncoded format. There is a need to consider the optimal balance of use of free text and coded data in the patient history. This review protocol summarises our plans to identify, critically appraise and synthesise evidence relating to approaches taken to introduce structure and coding within patient histories in electronic health records, and the empirically demonstrated benefits and risks of structuring and coding of patient histories in health records. OBJECTIVES To determine how structured and coded data are being introduced for the recording of patient histories, the benefits observed where structuring and coding have been introduced and the risks encountered when structuring and coding are introduced. METHODS We will search the following databases for evidence of published and unpublished material: CINAHL; EMBASE; Google Scholar; IndMED; LILACS; MEDLINE; NIHR; Paklit and PsycINFO. We will, depending on the study designs employed, use the Cochrane EPOC, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Newcastle-Ottawa instruments to critically appraise studies. Data synthesis is likely to be undertaken using a narrative approach, although meta-analysis will also be undertaken if appropriate and if the data allow this. RESULTS This protocol should represent a reproducible approach to reviewing the literature regarding structuring and coding in patient histories. We anticipate that we will be able to report results in early 2011. CONCLUSION The review should offer increased clarity and direction on the optimal balance between structuring/coding and free text recording of data relating to the patient history.