Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heart hypertrophy induced by levothyroxine aggravates ischemic lesions and reperfusion arrhythmias in rats.

AIM To develop a cardiac hypertrophic model in rats. METHODS Rats were i.p. levothyroxine 0.5 mg.kg-1.d-1 x 10 d. The action potentials of right papillary muscles were recorded by standard glass-microelectrode technique. The left coronary artery was ligated followed by reperfusion and the apparent infarcted zone (AIZ) was determined by tetracycline fluoresence, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) product in myocardium were also measured. RESULTS In the rats treated by levothyroxine, the heart was hypertrophic and the action potential duration (APD) and effective refractory period (ERP) were prolonged, the APD20, APD50, APD90, and ERP were prolonged by 80%, 79%, 74%, and 68%, respectively. No changes in resting potential (RP), action potential amplitude (APA), and Vmax were produced. The incidence of heart arrest (8/8) and the risk of death (67 +/- 0) induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats with hypertrophic heart was higher than those in normal rats (4/10 and 44 +/- 19, respectively). The AIZ was expanded markedly in hypertrophic heart, and attenuated by lidocaine and propranolol. CONCLUSION Levothyroxine-induced heart hypertrophy is a suitable model for severe ischemia and arrhythmias in rats.
Injectable Polyethylene Glycol Gel as Dermal Filler: 01 Year Clinical and Ultrasound Follow-Up

Facial alterations that occur with aging are result of combined effects of soft tissue atrophy with loss of facial volume, gravitational factor and decrease of elastic tissue. In order to minimize these alterations, minimally invasive procedures such as cutaneous filling have been gaining space in clinical practice. In 2008, Scientech Corporation - Italia introduced hydrogel of polyethylene glycol (PEG) REMAKE® as cutaneous filler. This prospective study was developed to prove the effectiveness, safety and durability over the 12 months after the application of PEG hydrogel, commercialized under the name of REMAKE®. 40 female volunteers were included, between 30 and 60 years, with signs of malar region volume loss between 2 and 3 (Raspaldo's classification) and Nasogenian furrow accentuation, with score between 2 and 3 (Day and collaborators' classification). No patient had carried out procedures of temporary filling for 1 year or permanent filling at any time. Objective parameters always show the scale of the improvement and an evaluation was selected through ultrasound exams and surface scan for evaluation of size and depth of wrinkles improvement. Evaluations by the US were carried out for 30, 120 and 360 days of product use, in a pilot group of 18 patients randomly selected to measure the product in the application plan and numerically assess alterations of volume (absorption/migration). Its durability of up to 01 year after application is proved when no significant reduction.
The radiorenogram as a measure of renal function.

Winter1has demonstrated the value of the radioisotope renogram as a screening test for unilateral renal disease. The test provides a graphic record of the serial radioactivity over each kidney after the intravenous injection of a test substance labeled with radioiodine. That record, in turn, gives evidence as to the renal vascularity, the tubular function, and the patency of the excretory tract for the respective kidney. Initially, labeled iodopyracet (Diodrast) was used as the test substance. Due to the fact that iodopyracet is concentrated by the liver, as well as by the kidney, errors of interpretation arose which discredited the radiorenographic procedure in the minds of some observers. However, the recently introduced radioactive-iodohippurate sodium (radio-Hippuran) has proved itself to be an agent which is accumulated only by renal tissue, and which is removed rapidly from the blood by the kidney.2 From the contour of the renographic curve, the
Wolbachia: A Tale of Sex and Survival

By manipulating the sex lives of its hosts, the ubiquitous bacterium Wolbachia --perhaps the most common infectious bacterium on Earth--boosts its own reproductive success. Although no vertebrates (humans included) are known to carry Wolbachia , it is rampant in the invertebrate world, showing up in everything from fruit flies to shrimp, spiders, and even parasitic worms and turning the study of Wolbachia into a cottage industry among evolutionary biologists. Researchers suspect that Wolbachia may even provide clues to how species originate.
User interest modeling based on large item-set group

In order to solve the issue of data sparsity and user's multiple interests which exist in the practical application, we proposes a kind of user interest modeling method based on the large item-set group. The mapping relationship between the items and the user evaluations is transformed into the one between the item properties and the user evaluations to solve the problem of data sparsity; the large item-set group is used to solve the problem of user's multiple interests. This modeling method has been verified by collecting data from www.douban. com. The results showed that our recommended method based on the large item-set group can effectively reduce the difference level between the target users and the recommended knowledge, comparing with other current recommended methods.
Can open-source projects (re-)shape the SDN/NFV-driven telecommunication market?

Abstract Telecom network operators face rapidly changing business needs. Due to their dependence on long product cycles they lack the ability to quickly respond to changing user demands. To spur innovation and stay competitive, network operators are investigating technological solutions with a proven track record in other application domains such as open source software projects. Open source software enables parties to learn, use, or contribute to technology from which they were previously excluded. OSS has reshaped many application areas including the landscape of operating systems and consumer software. The paradigm shift in telecommunication systems towards Software-Defined Networking introduces possibilities to benefit from open source projects. Implementing the control part of networks in software enables speedier adaption and innovation, and less dependencies on legacy protocols or algorithms hard-coded in the control part of network devices. The recently proposed concept of Network Function Virtualization pushes the softwarization of telecommunication functionalities even further down to the data plane. Within the NFV paradigm, functionality which was previously reserved for dedicated hardware implementations can now be implemented in software and deployed on generic Commercial Off-The Shelf (COTS) hardware. This paper provides an overview of existing open source initiatives for SDN/NFV-based network architectures, involving infrastructure to orchestration-related functionality. It situates them in a business process context and identifies the pros and cons for the market in general, as well as for individual actors.
Occupational and environmental exposure of skin to chemicals

endothelial cells and sub-endothelial fibrinoid deposits. Pre-eclampsia is considered the most common cause of nephrotic proteinuria occurring during pregnancy. These factors may also explain the impaired ability of the kidney to excrete a sodium load resulting in fluid retention, as well as the oliguria observed in severe cases. Acute renal failure complicating pre-eclampsia is a rare but serious event. Acute tubular or cortical necrosis follows severely decreased plasma flow, particularly when placental abruption complicates established pre-eclampsia. Cerebral involvement is the most frequent cause of death in preeclampsia. Pathologic features include cortical and subcortical haemorrhages and microinfarcts, cerebral oedema, subarachnoid haemorrhage and large intracerebral haematomas. The altered cerebral blood flow autoregulation, leading to cerebral oedema and/or hypoperfusion, accounts for the two models hypothesised to explain the pathogenesis of eclamptic seizures and cortical blindness. In the last confidential enquiries into maternal deaths 1997-1999, there were 15 confirmed deaths from eclampsia or pre-eclampsia. Seven cases were from intracranial haemorrhage, three from intraabdominal haemorrhage, one from eclampsia, one from acute respiratory distress syndrome, two from multi-organ failure and one from septicaemia while the patient was undergoing intensive care management. Substandard care was featured in 80% of these cases; intracranial haemorrhage, as the single largest cause of death, indicates a failure of effective antihypertensive therapy. Although most frequently presenting as hypertension and proteinuria, multisystem involvement may be an important feature of the disease. Until delivery, which is the only definitive therapy for pre-eclampsia, the maternal complications of intracerebral haemorrhage and eclampsia may be prevented by judicious use of antihypertensive medications and magnesium sulphate, respectively. More recently, pre-eclampia was shown to be associated with long-term health problems. Irgens et al 6 carried out a population based cohort study of the Norwegian registry of data; they found that women who developed pre-eclampsia and consequently delivered preterm, had a 2.71-fold higher risk of death than in women who did not have the disease and whose pregnancies went to term. In particular, the risk of death from cardiovascular causes among women with pre-eclampsia and a preterm birth was 8.12-fold higher. It was concluded that genetic factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, such as dyslipidaemia and thrombophilia, may also be linked to pre-eclampsia.
Is It Time to Translate Ischemic Preconditioning’s Mechanism of Cardioprotection into Clinical Practice?

After three decades of intense research on cardioprotection, we still do not have an approved intervention for limiting infarct size in the patient with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) aside from reperfusion therapy. Yet approximately 25% of patients with AMI that are reperfused are still at risk for heart failure because of excessive muscle necrosis. This article will try to make the case that ischemic preconditioning (IPC), still the most potent anti-infarct intervention ever described, is ready for serious clinical testing now. Over the past 25 years, IPC’s mechanism has been largely elucidated and targets a reperfusion injury. Ischemic preconditioning was never considered an intervention for AMI because of its need for pretreatment. However, knowledge of IPC’s mechanism has revealed a large number of drugs and interventions that will activate IPC’s signaling pathway at the time of reperfusion. Several small clinical trials suggest that they can be quite effective, but so far industry seems to have little interest in developing them. So, while basic scientists are in a continuous cycle of discovery and publication for new and novel cardioprotectants, there has been little effort devoted to translating these interventions into clinical practice. We believe that there are suitable IPC-based interventions that are ready for clinical testing today and the time has come for large-scale clinical trials.
oligomer complementation , NMR , and docking subunit and caveolin-1 scaffolding domain with shotgun scanning , Exploring the interaction between the protein kinase A catalytic

The techniques of phage-displayed homolog shotgun scanning, oligomer complementation, NMR secondary structure analysis, and computational docking provide a complementary suite of tools for dissecting protein–protein interactions. Focusing these tools on the interaction between the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKAcat) and caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (CSD) reveals the first structural model for the interaction. Homolog shotgun scanning varied each CSD residue as either a wild-type or a homologous amino acid. Wild-type to homolog ratios from 116 different homologous CSD variants identified side-chain functional groups responsible for precise contacts with PKAcat. Structural analysis by NMR assigned an a-helical conformation to the central residues 84– 97 of CSD. The extensive mutagenesis data and NMR secondary structure information provided constraints for developing a model for the PKAcat–CSD interaction. Addition of synthetic CSD to phage-displayed CSD resulted in oligomer complementation, or enhanced binding to PKAcat. Together with previous experiments examining the interaction between CSD and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), the results suggest a general oligomerization-dependent enhancement of binding between signal transducing enzymes and caveolin-1.
Functional and Molecular Diversity of Purinergic Ion Channel Receptors

ABSTRACT: P2X receptors are membrane ion channels gated by extracellular adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP); nucleotides also activate a family of seven transmembrane G protein‐coupled receptors (P2Y). P2X receptors are widely expressed on mammalian cells, where they can be broadly differentiated into three groups. The first group is almost equally well activated by ATP and its analog αβmethyleneATP (αβmeATP), whereas a second group is not activated by αβmeATP. A third‐group type of receptor (termed P2Z) is distinguished by the fact that the channel opening is followed by cell permeabilization and lysis if the agonist application is continued for more than a few seconds. Seven cDNAs have been cloned that encode P2X receptor subunits. When expressed individually in heterologous systems, P2X1 and P2X3 subunits form channels activated by ATP or αβmeATP; whereas P2X2, P2X4, and P2X5 form channels activated by ATP but not αβmeATP. P2X6 receptors do not express readily, and P2X7 receptors correspond closely in their properties to P2Z. Further phenotypes can be produced when two subunits are coexpressed, indicating heteromultimerization. This chapter compares the properties of the native P2X receptors with those of the cloned and expressed subunits.
Home‐Based Tactile Discrimination Training Reduces Phantom Limb Pain

Phantom limb pain (PLP) affects a high percentage of amputees. Since treatment options are limited, low quality of life and addiction to pain medication frequently occur. New treatments, such as mirror therapy or electrical sensory discrimination training, make use of the brain's plasticity to alleviate this centrally derived pain.
Recent experience with bacillemia due to gram-negative organisms.

longed hospitalization. The rising incidence of bacillemia due to gram-negative organisms appeared to be due largely to an increasing number of hospital-associated cases, which had a higher rate of mortality and were infected with bacilli resistant to more antibiotics. Isolates from blood cultures of 15 patients had transferable R factors. Appropriate antibiotic therapy was associated with decreased mortality. Bacillemia commonly arose from skin infections and clinically inapparent infections in patients with leukemia or lymphoma, from the urinary tract in recipients of renal transplants, and from perforation and obstruction by the tumor mass in patients with carcinoma.
Design of a 7-DOF Cable-Driven Arm Exoskeleton (CAREX-7) and a Controller for Dexterous Motion Training or Assistance

The training for both translation and rotation of the hand is desirable for patients with impairments. This paper focuses on the design and control of a 7-degree-of-freedom cable-driven arm exoskeleton (CAREX-7), used for dexterous motion (including translation and rotation) training or assistance of the whole-arm. The CAREX-7 includes an additional wrist module compared with CAREX, and eight cables are routed through the exoskeleton cuffs to drive the whole-arm motion. Based on the “assist-as-needed” paradigm, a novel wrench-field controller was designed to regulate a needed wrench (force and torque) on the hand for assisting its dexterous manipulation. Healthy subjects participated in path-tracking experiments while wearing CAREX-7. The experimental results show that the CAREX-7 with the new wrench-field controller can help the subjects to follow the path more closely, and this demonstrates the effectiveness of the device. The current design of CAREX-7 is unique and offers significant improvements and new functionality over the existing CAREX. The novel features are the following: 1) CAREX-7 is an exoskeleton for the full human arm, including shoulder, elbow, and the wrist, with new design issues; and 2) controller of CAREX-7 builds on a screw-theoretic approach and assists both translation and rotation of the hand, allowing for dexterous hand reorientation, which is required in everyday tasks.
Cell and molecular biology of human olfaction

Progress in our understanding of olfactory receptor physiology has progressed greatly over the past 10 years. It has become clear that many anatomical and molecular features of the peripheral aspect of the olfactory system have remained highly conserved across diverse species. Yet, this structure is responsible for conveying a wide variety of information about the environment that is necessary to the successful location of food, mates, and avoidance of danger, and it is thus not surprising that specializations have also evolved to suit the differing needs of different species. While the basic anatomical features reflect those of other mammals, functional studies of human olfactory receptor neurons have revealed physiological features both similar to and differing from those of other mammalian species. This review presents an overview of both the anatomical and physiological data describing the cell and molecular biology of the peripheral human olfactory system and how it functions in health and disease. Microsc. Res. Tech. 58:142–151, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using audience response technology for pretest reviews in an undergraduate nursing course.

Implementing strategies to promote classroom interaction has been shown to enhance learning. In this study, we used an audience response system (ARS), an emerging technology, to actively engage students in examination reviews in an undergraduate nursing anatomy and physiology course. The reviews, set up as a pre-test of 25 questions in a format similar to that of the game Jeopardy! , were used before six of the eight examinations. Average scores of the class on examinations preceded by the interactive ARS review were compared with those on examinations preceded by the more traditional, lecture-style review; no significant improvement due to ARS use was found. However, results from a student satisfaction survey about ARS use demonstrated positive attitudes and perceived benefit from this interactive technology.
Keldysh-scaling in the waveform control of the dissociative ionization of D2

The transition from the multiphoton to the tunneling regime for ionization is characterized by the Keldysh parameter equation, where Up ∝ I × λ2. A value of γ smaller than 1 implies tunnel ionization. The scaling of the Keldysh parameter with the wavelength allows studying atomic and molecular systems deep in the tunneling regime, when mid-infrared wavelengths are applied. In the present study we used a home-built few-cycle IR light source [1] with a center wavelength at 2.1 µm that is based on three OPCPA stages pumped by an optically synchronized 50 ps, 11 mJ Nd:YLF laser. Difference frequency mixing is employed for generating the IR seed, resulting in a signal that is self CEP-stabilized without the need for an active feed-back loop. The quality of the self-stablization of the CEP was demonstrated by imaging the directional control of the electron emission in the photoionization of xenon [2].
Response of the pituitary-adrenal axis to hypoglycemic stress in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

The role of the adrenals in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is debated. Both single steroid-converting enzyme abnormalities and increased adrenal activity have received support. The conventional Synacthen test using pharmacological doses of ACTH results in unphysiological levels of ACTH. Therefore, we used insulin-induced hypoglycemia (0.15 IU/kg BW) to asses the responses of ACTH, cortisol, pregnenolone, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and androstenedione in 18 women with PCOS and in 17 normal women of similar age and body mass index. The blood glucose concentration at 30 min was 2 mmol/L or less in all women, i.e. well below the threshold of the hormonal counterregulatory response. The women with PCOS showed a lower ACTH response, expressed as the maximum increment above basal [mean (95% confidence interval): PCOS, 11.1 (6.9-15.3); controls, 19.9 (13.8-26) pmol/L; P < 0.05], but a quantitatively comparable [PCOS, 207.2 (148.5-266.5); controls, 167.1 (100.6-233.2) nmol/L; P = NS] and more prompt cortisol response than the controls (by chi2 test, P < 0.05), resulting in a higher molar ratio between the maximum increments of cortisol and ACTH [PCOS, 13.9 (8.7-19); controls, 8.8 (5.7-12); P < 0.05]. The women with PCOS did, however, show a more rapid decline in cortisol levels than the controls (P < 0.05 at 120 and 180 min). The responses of the androgens and intermediate adrenal steroids were similar in women with PCOS and controls. The findings suggest an adaptation to increased adrenal reactivity to endogenous ACTH in women with PCOS. Exposure to hypoglycemia as a model of stress was not followed by hypersecretion of adrenal androgens and revealed no signs of steroid enzyme disturbances in women with PCOS.
Hegel ja antiikin dialektiikka

Tarkastelen artikkelissani Hegelin dialektisen ajattelun taustoja antiikin filosofiassa. Kiinnitan erityisesti huomiota ns. positiivisen dialektiikan (tai ”spekulaation”) juuriin antiikin perinteessa ja jatan Hegelin suhteen antiikin negatiiviseen dialektiikkaan, etenkin Elealaisen koulukunnan Zenoniin ja pyrrhonilaiseen skeptisismiin, tarkastelun ulkopuolelle. Korostan artikkelissani erityisesti antiikin dialektiikan ontologista merkitysta.
Recent Progress on the Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanostructures as Counter Electrodes in DSSCs Based on Iodine/Iodide Electrolytes

Graphene-based nanomaterials functionalized by different doping strategies have attracted great attention for energy conversion themes, due to their large specific surface area, high conductivity, and appreciable electrocatalytic properties. This mini-review presents an overview of the recent progress in the synthesis of graphene-based nanomaterials as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells based on iodine/iodide electrolytes, along with challenges and perspectives in this exciting field.