Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovering Spatiotemporal Correspondence between Deformable Objects by Exploiting Consistent Foreground Motion in Video

Given unstructured videos of deformable objects, we automatically recover spatiotemporal correspondences to map one object to another (such as animals in the wild). While traditional methods based on appearance fail in such challenging conditions, we exploit consistency in object motion between instances. Our approach discovers pairs of short video intervals where the object moves in a consistent manner and uses these candidates as seeds for spatial alignment. We model the spatial correspondence between the point trajectories on the object in one interval to those in the other using a time-varying Thin Plate Spline deformation model. On a large dataset of tiger and horse videos, our method automatically aligns thousands of pairs of frames to a high accuracy, and outperforms the popular SIFT Flow algorithm.
The Feasibility of MEMS Inertial Sensors for Deep Integration of GPS and INS

Dr. Kedong Wang is an associate professor at the School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, P.R. China. He obtained a Ph.D. in Precision Instruments from Tsinghua University in 2003. He was a visiting researcher at the School of Surveying & Spatial Information Systems, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia during 2009. His research interests include terrain-aided navigation, inertial navigation systems, optimal estimation and its applications.
The structural effects of affective and cognitive elaboration in formation of customer–brand relationship

ABSTRACT Customer–brand relationships exist in many tourism categories; however, these relationships are rarely specified in the integrated resort category. Because an integrated resort consists of various types of travel services, customers form their attitudes based on their pleasure and sensory experiences as well as their cognitively oriented travel activities. This research suggests a model depicting both affective and cognitive elaboration processes that lead to building customer–brand relationship. The findings revealed that customers’ affective (e.g. affective brand experience) and cognitive (e.g. intellectual brand experience) elaborations are elicited concurrently in the formation of brand relationship quality and behavior intention toward an integrated resort brand. The novelty of this study is to provide the understanding of (1) an integrated model of cognitive and affective elaboration of brand experience processing; and (2) a mechanism of brand experience, brand relationship quality, and behavioral outcome in the integrated resort industry.
What contributes to community building and sustainability enhancement in coworking spaces

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that affect building community and maintaining/enhancing sustainability in coworking spaces, based on an almost complete enumeration which could help us grasp a true measure of the phenomenon. Community and sustainability could be key issues on coworking spaces. However, even empirical research dealing with both issues as well as discussions on the management of them is not hardly found while studies focusing on the spaces have steadily been accumulated mainly from the viewpoint of community such as user interaction. Therefore, we analyze the data obtained from 168 out of 365 spaces that are nearly all the operating coworking spaces in Japan (as of July 2014). As a result of that, we showoverall influential relationships on community and sustainability of the spaces, and present three types of the factors influencing those issues, which are named as alternative-oriented, balance-oriented, and trade-off.
Horizon scanning for invasive alien species with the potential to threaten biodiversity in Great Britain

Invasive alien species (IAS) are considered one of the greatest threats to biodiversity, particularly through their interactions with other drivers of change. Horizon scanning, the systematic examination of future potential threats and opportunities, leading to prioritization of IAS threats is seen as an essential component of IAS management. Our aim was to consider IAS that were likely to impact on native biodiversity but were not yet established in the wild in Great Britain. To achieve this, we developed an approach which coupled consensus methods (which have previously been used for collaboratively identifying priorities in other contexts) with rapid risk assessment. The process involved two distinct phases:
The effects of acrobatics on morphological characteristics of school children

The aim of this paper is to determine the effects of acrobatic elements on changes in morphological characteristics in children who were experimentally treated. The sample consists of elementary school children from Kosovska Mitrovica N = 52, who regularly attend physical education classes and additional acrobatics trainings three times a week for the implementation of acrobatics in additional classes of physical education. The variables used to assess the circular dimensions and body mass are: Upper arm circumference expressed in cm (AONDL), calf circumference expressed in cm (AOPTK), chest circumference expressed in cm AOGRK, body weight expressed in kg (AMAST). The variables used to estimate the subcutaneous fat tissue are: Upper-arm skinfold expressed in mm (ANNDL), calf skinfold expressed in mm (ANPTK), Abdominal skinfold expressed in mm ANTRB. A t-test was used to determine statistically significant differences in variables (ANNDL p=.006), (ANPTK p=.005), (ANTRB p=.008). The obtained results can contribute to the rationalization of regular and additional teaching of physical education for the optimal planning and control of work .
Gastroprotective Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Scoparone Derivatives on Experimentally Induced Gastric Lesions in Rodents

This study investigated the gastroprotective efficacy of synthesized scoparone derivatives on experimentally induced gastritis and their toxicological safety. Six scoparone derivatives were synthesized and screened for gastroprotective activities against HCl/ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Among these compounds, 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin were found to have gastroprotective activity greater than the standard drug rebamipide; 6-methoxy-7,8-methylenedioxycoumarin, 6-methoxy-7,8-(1-methoxy)-methylenedioxycoumarin, 6,7-methylenedioxycoumarin, and 6,7-(1-methoxy)-methylenedioxycoumarin were found to be equipotent or less potent that of rebamipide. Pharmacological studies suggest that the presence of a methoxy group at position C-5 or C-8 of the scoparone’s phenyl ring significantly improves gastroprotective activity, whereas the presence of a dioxolane ring at C-6, C-7, or C-8 was found to have decreased activity. In order to assess toxicological safety, two of the potent gastroprotective scoparone derivatives—5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin—were examined for their acute toxicity in mice as well as their effect on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme activity. These two compounds showed low acute oral toxicity in adult male and female mice, and caused minimal changes to CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzyme activity. These results indicate that compared to other scoparone derivatives, 5,6,7-trimethoxycoumarin and 6,7,8-trimethoxycoumarin can improve gastroprotective effects, and they have low toxicity and minimal effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes.
Knots : An Efficient Single Stack Preemption Mechanism for Resource Constrained Devices

The low-end embedded systems space is characterized by two classes of operating systems: run-to-completion (RTC) systems such as TinyOS and preemptive multithreading systems such as Mantis. In RTC systems only a single task may exist on the stack at any time, therefore RTC systems have low memory requirements for the stack space but have poor deadline handling capabilities. Preemptive multithreading systems are better at deadline handling but all tasks in the system require memory for their worst-case execution stack at all times. This results in suboptimal amount of memory allocation for the system. The two types of systems define the two end points of a spectrum characterized by varying degrees of deadline handling capabilities and memory requirements. We have designed and implemented a system that by efficiently performing preemption on a single stack offers the flexibility of operating anywhere on this spectrum. It also offers improved deadline handling capabilities than RTC systems and lower memory requirements than preemptive multithreading systems.
Jewish schools rather than Jewish education? School choice and community dynamics in multicultural society

Abstract The expansion of faith schooling in countries such as England raises important questions about their appeal in multicultural societies. Through a case study approach, this article aims to understand the influences behind parents’ decisions to send their children to Jewish schools. It illustrates a tension experienced by Jewish parents between a desire for their children to be educated as a community of ‘similar’ peers, and the segregation that might result as a consequence. In order to ‘justify’ their choice of separate schooling, parents constructed a desirable, essentialized notion of Jewishness that coalesced their two main selection criteria, academic standards and the presence of other Jewish students. By operationalizing their Jewishness for ‘secular’ purposes in such a way, they were able to secure a perceived superior academic education whilst avoiding disfavoured ‘others’ in multicultural comprehensive schools, and in the process defined multiculturalism on their own terms. Consequently, the article foregrounds the broader dynamics of multiculturalism and community that are implicated in questions of (faith) school choice, and the complex intertwinement of parents’ school selection criteria.
Methods of DNA methylation analysis

Purpose of reviewTo provide guidance for investigators who are new to the field of DNA methylation analysis. Recent findingsEpigenetics is the study of mitotically heritable alterations in gene expression potential that are not mediated by changes in DNA sequence. Recently, it has become clear that nutrition can affect epigenetic mechanisms, causing long-term changes in gene expression. This review focuses on methods for studying the epigenetic mechanism DNA methylation. Recent advances include improvement in high-throughput methods to obtain quantitative data on locus-specific DNA methylation and development of various approaches to study DNA methylation on a genome-wide scale. SummaryNo single method of DNA methylation analysis will be appropriate for every application. By understanding the type of information provided by, and the inherent potential for bias and artifact associated with, each method, investigators can select the method most appropriate for their specific research needs.
The influence of trait meta-mood on subjective well-being in high school students: a random intercept cross-lagged panel analysis

Abstract Trait meta-mood refers to people’s conscious awareness of their own emotions. This reflexive process is relevant to developing a better adaptation to the environment, understanding the individual differences in how people perceive and attend to emotions, and how they can understand and regulate them in an optimal way. Previous research has indicated that trait meta-mood plays an important role in well-being. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to analyse the prospective effects of trait meta-mood on levels of subjective well-being. A sample of 570 high school students (289 females), from 12 to 17 years (M = 13.80, SD = 1.45), completed measures of trait meta-mood, satisfaction with life, and positive and negative mood states across three waves separated by 1-year intervals. Random intercept cross-lagged panel analyses indicated that the dimensions of meta-mood accounted for a significant amount of variance in both cognitive and affective dimensions of well-being across time.
Mapping of Biomass Fluxes: A Method for Optimizing Biogas-Refinery of Livestock Effluents

This paper presents the topic of the management of livestock effluents and, therefore, nutrients (particularly N) in the framework of the biogas supply chain. The bio-refinery will be analyzed as a unique system, from the farm to the biomass produced and sent to anaerobic digestion, focusing on the fate/change of the flow of material and nutrients content through the system. Within four categories of farms considered in the article, integrated ones frequently have a breeding consistency from 90 to 320 heads, according to more extensive or intensive settings. These farms must manage from 3.62 to 12.81 m 3 day −1 of slurry and from 11.40 to 40.34 kg day −1 of nitrogen (N) as the sum of excreta from all herd categories. By selecting a hypo-protein diet, a reduction of 10% and 24% for total effluent amount and for N excreted, respectively, can be achieved. Nitrogen can be reduced up to 45% if the crude protein content is limited and a further 0.23% if animals of similar ages, weights and (or) production or management are grouped and fed according to specific requirements. Integrated farms can implement farming activity with biogas production, possibly adding agricultural residues to the anaerobically-digested biomass. Average biogas yields for cattle effluents range from 200 to 400 m 3 ton −1 VS (volatile solids). Values from 320 to 672 m 3 day −1 of biogas can be produced, obtaining average values from 26 to 54.5 kWe (kilowatt-electric). This type of farm can well balance farm-production profit, environmental protection, animal husbandry well-being and energy self-sufficiency.
Observational implications of precessing protostellar discs and jets

We consider the dynamics of a protostellar disc in a binary system where the disc is misaligned with the orbital plane of the binary, with the aim of determining the observational consequences for such systems. The disc wobbles with a period approximately equal to half the orbital period of the binary and precesses on a longer time-scale. We determine the characteristic time-scale for realignment of the disc with the orbital plane as a result of dissipation. If the dissipation is determined by a simple isotropic viscosity then we find, in line with previous studies, that the alignment time-scale is of the order of the viscous evolution time-scale. However, for typical protostellar disc parameters, if the disc tilt exceeds the opening angle of the disc, then tidally induced shearing within the disc is transonic. In general, hydrodynamic instabilities associated with the internally driven shear result in extra dissipation that is expected to drastically reduce the alignment time-scale. For large disc tilts the alignment time-scale is then comparable with the precession time-scale, while for smaller tilt angles δ, the alignment time-scale varies as (sin δ)−1. We discuss the consequences of the wobbling, precession and rapid realignment for observations of protostellar jets and the implications for binary star formation mechanisms.
The CRITTER System: Analyzing Digital Circuits by Propagating Behaviors and Specifications

CRITTER is a system that reasons about digital hardware designs, using a a declarative representation that can represent components and signals at arbitrary levels of abstraction. CRITTER can derive the behaviors of a component's outputs given the behaviors of the inputs, it can derive the specifications a component's inputs must meet in order for some given specifications on the outputs to be met, and it can verify that a given signal behavior satisfies a given specification. By combining these operations, it evaluates both the correctness and the robustness of the overall design.
Competition and Strategic Control of a Central Counterparty: When Lower Risk Increases Pro…t

We model the strategic behavior of dealers in Over-the-Counter (OTC) derivatives markets where a small number of dealers trade with a continuum of heterogeneous clients (hedgers). Imperfect competition and (endogenous) default induces a familiar trade-o¤. Increasing the number of dealers servicing the market decreases prices for hedgers but lowers revenue for dealers, increasing the probability of a default. Restricting entry maximizes welfare when dealers’s e¢ ciency is high relative to their market
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts in Prostate Cancer

The formation of DNA adducts can lead to DNA replication errors and the potential for carcinogenesis. DNA adducts have been detected in prostate cells, but the distribution of adducts with respect to prostate cancer risk factors and histology is unknown. In a study of 130 Caucasian (n = 61) and African-American (n = 69) men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy, we quantified polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts in prostate tumor and adjacent nontumor cells by immunohistochemistry. A strong correlation between paired adduct levels in the two cell types was observed (r = 0.56; P < 0.0001); however, nontumor cells had a significantly higher level of adducts compared with tumor (0.30 absorbance units ± 0.05 versus 0.17 absorbance units ± 0.04; P < 0.0001). Variables significantly associated with PAH-DNA adduct levels in tumor cells included primary Gleason grade, tumor volume, and log-transformed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at time of diagnosis. Tumors with a primary Gleason grade of 5 had significantly lower PAH-DNA adduct levels than tumor cells with a primary Gleason grade of 3 or 4 (P < 0.0001 for both). Tumors that involved 10% or less of the prostate gland had significantly higher PAH-DNA adduct levels than tumors that involved 15 to 20% of the prostate gland (P = 0.004). PSA levels were inversely associated with PAH-DNA adduct levels in tumor cells (P = 0.009). A similar, albeit less significant, inverse association was observed between PSA and PAH-DNA adduct levels in nontumor cells (P = 0.07). Interestingly, increasing primary Gleason grade was associated with increasing PAH-DNA adduct levels in adjacent nontumor cells (P = 0.008). Our results show that PAH-DNA adducts are present in the prostate but vary with regard to cellular histology. In prostate tumor cells, decreased cellular differentiation and increased tumor proliferation may reduce PAH-DNA adduct levels.
Reconstructing Binary Matrices under Window Constraints from their Row and Column Sums

The present paper deals with the discrete inverse problem of reconstructing binary matrices from their row and column sums under additional constraints on the number and pattern of entries in specified minors. While the classical consistency and reconstruction problems for two directions in discrete tomography can be solved in polynomial time, it turns out that these window constraints cause various unexpected complexity jumps back and forth from polynomial-time solvability to NP-hardness.
Relation of Subjective Quality of Life to Motor Symptom Profile in Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) presents with extensive heterogeneity in symptomatology, inviting examination of disease subtypes. One significant categorization is by whether patients present at onset with tremor as the dominant symptom (TD) or with nontremor symptoms (NTD). We examined differences in quality of life between TD and NTD patients using the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39), correlating performance with aspects of motor function as indexed by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Participants included 35 nondemented individuals (19 TD, 16 NTD) matched on clinical and demographic characteristics. NTD had significantly lower overall PDQ-39 scores, particularly for the mobility subscale. Several UPDRS subscale scores significantly correlated with quality of life, especially for NTD. Further, the correlations were driven by nontremor type symptoms, even in TD patients. Determining reliable subtypes of PD may aid in prognosis and treatment optimization, thereby enhancing quality of life in afflicted individuals.
A General Form of Attribute Exploration

We present a general form of attribute exploration, a knowledge completion algorithm from formal concept analysis. The aim of this generalization is to extend the applicability of attribute exploration by a general description. Additionally, this may also allow for viewing different existing variants of attribute exploration as instances of a general form, as for example exploration on partial contexts.
Equalizer evaluation in integrated data and channel estimation

Per-Survivor Processing is a general approach which includes in the survivors of the Viterbi Algorithm trellis, the relative estimation of unknown parameters; this expensive method better approximates the optimum decoder in certain conditions. The method is applied to the case of a typical HF channel and a simplification is proposed, based on a per survivor equalizer, to be employed when selective fading is present. This solution, although increasing the per survivor cost, greatly reduces the number of states of the Viterbi decoder.
Wavenumber and phase selection of Turing patterns through boundary conditions

In this paper we discuss methods used in determining the possible wavenumbers, k, which appear in steady state solutions to the Ginzburg-Landau equation , At = Axx + A − A|A|, for specific boundary conditions. Stable patterns only appear in the so called Eckhaus regime, |k| < 1 3 , and so we are looking for restrictions on this interval. Through symmetry reductions and Hamiltonian coordinates we construct the stable manifold associated to steady state solutions by means of a potential. Intersections of the stable manifold and the boundary manifold for a given boundary condition define a one-dimensional set, which for Dirichlet boundary conditions may be computed as a relation between phase shifts and wavenumber. We find that for both inhomogeneous Dirichlet and inhomogeneous Neumann boundary conditions the wavenumbers are restricted for small values.
Feature Extraction for Bayesian Order-Adaptive Video Segmentation

In this semester thesis, we study a Bayesian order-adaptive approach to video segmentation based on Dirichlet process methods. We focus particularly on the feature selection for the algorithm. Local color histograms as well as spatial features modeled by Gaussian distributions are employed. The method is tested on synthetic data and on videos from the MPEG-4 benchmark set.
Full counting statistics and shot noise of cotunneling in quantum dots and single-molecule transistors

We develop a conceptually simple scheme based on a master-equation approach to evaluate the full-counting statistics(FCS)ofelasticandinelasticoff-resonanttunneling(cotunneling)inquantumdots(QDs)andmolecules. We demonstrate the method by showing that it reproduces known results for the FCS and shot noise in the cotunneling regime. For a QD with an excited state, we obtain an analytic expression for the cumulant generating function (CGF) taking into account elastic and inelastic cotunneling. From the CGF we find that the shot noise above the inelastic threshold in the cotunneling regime is inherently super-Poissonian when external relaxation is weak. Furthermore, a complete picture of the shot noise across the different transport regimes is given. In the case where the excited state is a blocking state, strongly enhanced shot noise is predicted both in the resonant and cotunneling regimes.