Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aging promotes neoplastic disease through effects on the tissue microenvironment

A better understanding of the complex relationship between aging and cancer will provide important tools for the prevention and treatment of neoplasia. In these studies, the hypothesis was tested that aging may fuel carcinogenesis via alterations imposed in the tissue microenvironment. Preneoplastic hepatocytes isolated from liver nodules were orthotopically injected into either young or old syngeneic rats and their fate was followed over time using the dipeptidyl-peptidase type IV (DPPIV) system to track donor-derived-cells. At 3 months post-Tx, the mean size of donor-derived clusters was 11±3 cells in young vs. 42±8 in old recipients. At 8 months post-Tx, no visible lesion were detected in any of 21 young recipients, while 17/18 animals transplanted at old age displayed hepatic nodules, including 7 large tumors. All tumors expressed the DPPIV marker enzyme, indicating that they originated from transplanted cells. Expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase was common in liver of 18-month old animals, while it was a rare finding in young controls. Finally, both mRNA and IL6 protein were found to be increased in the liver of aged rats compared to young controls. These results are interpreted to indicate that the microenvironment of the aged liver promotes the growth of pre-neoplastic hepatocytes.
Do We Really Need All Those Rich Linguistic Features? A Neural Network-Based Approach to Implicit Sense Labeling

We describe our contribution to the CoNLL 2016 Shared Task on shallow discourse parsing. 1 Our system extends the two best parsers from previous year’s competition by integration of a novel implicit sense labeling component. It is grounded on a highly generic, language-independent feedforward neural network architecture incorporating weighted word embeddings for argument spans which obviates the need for (traditional) hand-crafted features. Despite its simplicity, our system overall outperforms all results from 2015 on 5 out of 6 evaluation sets for English and achieves an absolute improvement in F 1 -score of 3.2% on the PDTB test section for non-explicit sense classiﬁcation.
Tight Relaxation of Quadratic Matching

Establishing point correspondences between shapes is extremely challenging as it involves both finding sets of semantically persistent feature points, as well as their combinatorial matching. We focus on the latter and consider the Quadratic Assignment Matching (QAM) model. We suggest a novel convex relaxation for this NP‐hard problem that builds upon a rank‐one reformulation of the problem in a higher dimension, followed by relaxation into a semidefinite program (SDP). Our method is shown to be a certain hybrid of the popular spectral and doubly‐stochastic relaxations of QAM and in particular we prove that it is tighter than both.
Efficient Strategies for Workload Distribution in Heterogeneous Computing Systems

An effective workload distribution has a prime rule on reducing the total execution time of a parallel application on heterogeneous environments, such as computational grids and heterogeneous clusters. This paper presents two approaches to workload distribution based on analytical models developed to performance prediction of parallel applications, named VRP and VRP-SS. The workload is distributed based on relative performance ratios, obtained by analytical models constructed according to the rules described in the PEMPIs methodology. In the experimental tests we evaluated the strategies and compared them using MPI applications. The results showed the efficiency of our strategies by reducing the total execution time and improving the workload balance.
A System for Semantic-Based Access Control

Security and privacy of patient's medical data has more than ever become a critical factor in healthcare and, therefore, has a strong influence on the development of Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems. One of the most challenging aspects regards the possibility of specifying fine-grained access control restrictions over EHRs, not only at a document level but also on their specific sections. In order to face this issue, the paper proposes a semantic-based system aimed at supporting the definition of fine-grained access control policies on EHRs. This system relies on a role-based authorization model, encoded in terms of a formal ontology, and a set of access control restrictions defined as "if-then rules", in order to assign to healthcare workers the necessary privileges to carry out a task on specific EHR sections. A prototype implementation has been realized, by offering simple and intuitive interfaces to the security administrators for writing access control policies and restrictions.
Impact of Terrorism on Migration Patterns in Turkey

IMPACT OF TERRORISM ON MIGRATION PATTERNS IN TURKEY By Yilmaz Simsek, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University, 2006 Major Director: Dr. Judyth Twigg, Professor, Political Science, L. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs. This study is among the first studies that evaluate the social impacts of terrorism in a specific country for a 10 year period. It tests the effects of terrorism on domestic net-migration in Turkey, especially in the terror infected provinces of the Eastern and South Eastern regions of the country between the years 1992 and 2001. Terrorism has impacted people not only physically, but also psychologically. When faced with “future uncertainty” or the “fear of terrorism,” it is natural for people to leave their home towns, and to migrate to somewhere else where they feel safe. In order to explore the real impact of terrorism on immigration, this study used “terrorism incident rate” per 10,000 people and the “rate of people and security forces killed” per 10,000 people as independent variables. It also examined the major economic effects of migration; unemployment rate and the GDP were used as control variables. In addition, the rate of killed terrorists, population density, and the distance to Istanbul and to Mersin were also added to the models.
Digital integrated temperature sensors for VLSI thermal management

VLSI thermal management system requires integrated temperature sensors to monitor on-chip hot spots. This paper reviews delay-line based integrated digital temperature sensors. More importantly, various calibration techniques for the delay-line based temperature sensor will also be discussed. In particular, an all-digital self-calibrated temperature sensor implemented entirely on an Altera Cyclone IV FPGA will be introduced. This work is further demonstrated on an emulated multi-core system to obtain the runtime thermal profiles of four different cores to facilitate the implementation of different VLSI thermal management schemes.
ATM and GLUT1-S490 Phosphorylation Regulate GLUT1 Mediated Transport in Skeletal Muscle

Objective The glucose and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) transporter GLUT1 contains a phosphorylation site, S490, for ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM). The objective of this study was to determine whether ATM and GLUT1-S490 regulate GLUT1. Research Design and Methods L6 myoblasts and mouse skeletal muscles were used to study the effects of ATM inhibition, ATM activation, and S490 mutation on GLUT1 localization, trafficking, and transport activity. Results In myoblasts, inhibition of ATM significantly diminished cell surface GLUT1, glucose and DHA transport, GLUT1 externalization, and association of GLUT1 with Gα-interacting protein-interacting protein, C-terminus (GIPC1), which has been implicated in recycling of endosomal proteins. In contrast, ATM activation by doxorubicin (DXR) increased DHA transport, cell surface GLUT1, and the GLUT1/GIPC1 association. S490A mutation decreased glucose and DHA transport, cell surface GLUT1, and interaction of GLUT1 with GIPC1, while S490D mutation increased transport, cell surface GLUT1, and the GLUT1/GIPC1 interaction. ATM dysfunction or ATM inhibition reduced DHA transport in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and decreased glucose transport in EDL and soleus. In contrast, DXR increased DHA transport in EDL. Conclusions These results provide evidence that ATM and GLUT1-S490 promote cell surface GLUT1 and GLUT1-mediated transport in skeletal muscle associated with upregulation of the GLUT1/GIPC1 interaction.
Gatekeepers , Virtual Communities and the Gated : Multidimensional Tensions in Cyberspace

Gatekeeping/Information Control is exercised frequently and daily in virtual communities. In this context, Gatekeeping mainly exists in four different levels of stakeholders: formal regulators, infrastructure regulators (e.g., service providers), communities’ managers and members of the communities (serving in two roles: as representatives of the communities or as individuals). The article analyzes the sensitive balance of relationships among these stakeholders. Additionally, it examines how power is manifested and exercised through information control in forums. Three levels that impact gatekeeping's nature are analyzed – the gatekeepers, the community and the gated while addressing: first, the duality of gatekeepers as protectors or manipulators; second, the politics of power of marginalized groups in cyberspace; and finally, the meaning of gated anonymity to information control.
One-Class Classification for Anomaly Detection in Wire Ropes with Gaussian Processes in a Few Lines of Code

Anomaly Detection in Wire Ropes is an important problem. Detecting suspicious anomalies in the rope surface is challenging because of the variety of its visual appearance caused by reflections or mud on the rope surface. This hinders the discrimination between uncritical variations and small defects within the rope surface enormously. The fact that nearly no defective samples are available to train a supervised system relates this problem to the concept of one-class classification (OCC). In this work we show how to utilize one-class classification with Gaussian processes (GP) to detect anomalies in wire ropes. The method allows modeling the distribution of non-defective data in a non-parametric manner. Furthermore, it is really easy to implement (few lines of code), embedded in a Bayesian framework, and can be used with arbitrary kernel functions. Therefore, it is suitable for a wide range of defect localization applications. Our experiments, performed on two real ropes, demonstrate that the GP framework for OCC clearly outperforms former approaches for anomaly detection in wire ropes. The obtained results are comparable with or even outperform those obtained with the Support Vector Data Description, which is the state of the art reference in the field of one-class classification.
Irregular Patch for Image Synthesis

In order to preserve the texture border structures of the sample, a new texture synthesis method is presented by identifying a set of broad features from the example texture based on HVS. In this approach, the patch copying process is performed in two stages. First an irregularly shaped feature patch is extracted from the example texture. Second, guided by the irregular patch image, different methods are used: random overlapping method for texel-overlapped texture and curve optimal matching method for no texel-overlapped texture. Compared with the existing methods, the presented method can preserve the border structures more efficiently to produce high quality results for the texel-style textures and the running speed is fast
Face Recognition System Using PCA and DCT in HMM

The speed of procedures became necessities during recent years; therefore using computers turn out to be the most important factors to increase the speed of implementation especially in security aspect such as recognition of people.There are a lot of waysto recognize the people face recognition is one of them. In this work the details of the face have been taken as blocks and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) is used, applied on face image’s blocks. Then without doing inverse DCT Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied directly for dimensionality reduction this makes the system very fast. Olivetti Research Laboratory (ORL) database of faces had been used to obtain the results.Each face is considered as a numerical sequence (blocks) that can be easily modelled by HMM. On 400 face images of the (ORL) face database the system has been examined. The experiments showed a recognition rate of 95.211%, using half of the images for training.
Electrophysiological evidence for use of the animacy hierarchy, but not thematic role assignment, during verb-argument processing

Animacy is known to play an important role in language processing and production, but debate remains as to how it exerts its effects: (1) through links to syntactic ordering, (2) through inherent differences between animate and inanimate entities in their salience/lexico-semantic accessibility, and (3) through links to specific thematic roles. We contrasted these three accounts in two event-related potential (ERP) experiments examining the processing of direct object arguments in simple English sentences. In Experiment 1, we found a larger N400 to animate than inanimate direct object arguments assigned the Patient role, ruling out the second account. In Experiment 2, we found no difference in the N400 evoked by animate direct object arguments assigned the Patient role (prototypically inanimate) and those assigned the Experiencer role (prototypically animate), ruling out the third account. We therefore suggest that animacy may impact processing through a direct link to syntactic linear ordering, at least on postverbal arguments in English. We also examined processing on direct object arguments that violated the animacy-based selection-restriction constraints of their preceding verbs. These violations evoked a robust P600, which was not modulated by thematic role assignment or reversibility, suggesting that the so-called semantic P600 is driven by overall propositional impossibility, rather than thematic role reanalysis.
Land Retirement as a Tool for Reducing Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution

Cropland retirement is one option for reducing agriculturally generated nonpoint source water pollution. This research estimated the welfare effects of cropland retirement in addressing U.S. surface water pollution problems. The social costs of retirement were evaluated with a programming model of the U.S. agriculture sector and were compared to the water quality benefits from reduced soil erosion. Results indicate that land retirement as a primary pollution control tool is expensive, but if appropriately targeted, could generate sufficient benefits to outweigh social costs. The paper also explores shifts in production patterns within and across regions caused by land retirement, and the implications for changes in chemical use and government deficiency payments.
Gauge complex field theory

On the total space of a Gicomplex vector bundle we study the gauge transformations. A gauge complex nonlinear connection determined by a gauge invariant Lagrangian plays a special role in our approach. The associated ChernLagrange and complex Bott connections are gauge invariant too. The complex field equations are studied with respect to a gauge invariant vertical connection, particularly with respect to the complex Bott connection.
Different Effects of Three Polymorphisms in MicroRNAs on Cancer Risk in Asian Population: Evidence from Published Literatures

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-protein-coding RNAs, which have emerged as integrated and important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. It has been demonstrated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) exist in protein-coding genes. Accumulated studies have evaluated the association of miRNA SNPs with cancer risk, especially in Asian population, which included a series of related studies. However, the results remain controversial for the different genetic backgrounds, living habits and environment exposed. To evaluate the relationship between SNPs in miRNAs and cancer risk, 21 studies focused on Asian population were enrolled for the pooled analysis for three polymorphisms rs2910164, rs11614913, rs3746444 in three miRNAs miR-146aG>C, miR-196a2C>T, miR-499A>G using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For rs2910164 polymorphism, C allele was observed association with decreased overall cancer risk. In addition, subgroup analysis revealed of rs2910164 C allele decreased hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cervical cancer and prostate cancer risk among Chinese population. For rs11614913 polymorphism, TT genotype was observed to be associated with decreased cancer risk, especially for cancer type of colorectal cancer (CRC), lung cancer and country of Korea, North India. Whereas, rs3746444 G allele was an increased cancer risk factor in Chinese population, especially for breast cancer. In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicated that rs2910164 C allele was associated with decreased cancer risk in Chinese population. However, the association varied from different cancer types. Furthermore, TT genotype of rs11614913 was associated with decreased cancer risk. While different cancer types and countries contributed to different effects. Whereas, rs3746444 G allele was a risk factor in Chinese population, and the association varied from different cancer types.
Legal Institutions and Economic Development

This insightful collection of classic papers explores the effects of various legal institutions and policies on economic development. The editors include analysis of the historical, current, and future conditions of numerous legal traditions and strategies, both nationally and globally. The volume will enhance understanding of how legal policies influence economic growth. It will also contribute to the selection and advancement of those legal policies most likely to improve overall economic development and social welfare.
A simplified scattered pilot for FBMC/OQAM in highly frequency selective channels

Filterbank multi-carrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC/OQAM) avoids the usage of the cyclic prefix (CP) by using more localized prototype filters. However, channel estimation in highly frequency selective channels is very challenging, especially for the scattered pilots due to the intrinsic interference leaked from the neighboring symbols. This paper presents a novel pilot design called Composite Pilot Pair (CPP), which exploits the localization property of the filters to enable a simple estimation procedure at the receiver. The proposed CPP design and corresponding receiving algorithm have been evaluated on an FBMC-based, Long Term Evolution (LTE) like mobile system. The evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional auxiliary pilot algorithms substantially, both in terms of power overhead and pilot mean square error (MSE), whereas the overall receive complexity is low. Moreover, the proposed method respects the frame design principles for the mobile downlink, and is applicable to both common and dedicated pilot symbols in the next generation mobile systems.
A novel support vector machine with its features weighted by mutual information

A novel support vector machine (SVM) with weighted features is proposed. To assign appropriate weights for each feature, a mutual information (MI) based approach is presented. Although the calculation of feature weights may add an extra computational cost, the proposed method generally exhibits better generalization performance over the traditional SVM. The numerical studies on one synthetic and five existing benchmark classification problems confirm the benefits in using the proposed method.
Gear shifting and engine on/off optimal control in hybrid electric vehicles using partial outer convexification

The hybrid electric powertrain provides various degrees of freedom to optimize fuel efficiency. Along with the optimal torque split between propulsion machines, the optimal gear choice and the decision to turn the engine on/off inherently influence efficiency as well. The latter aspect introduces additional control variables into an optimization problem which is then usually formulated as a mixed-integer optimal control problem. The computational complexity resulting from integer optimization makes the centralized optimization schemes intractable for real-time applications. In this article, we formulate and treat a distributed optimization problem in order to attain the optimal torque split along with the optimal gear choice and the decision for engine on/off. Therefore a partial outer convexification method is applied to reformulate a mixed integer energy management problem into a two-layer predictive control problem which is efficiently solved.
The Market Premium for Dynamic Tail Risk

The likelihood of systemic risk presents a challenge for modern finance. In particular, it is important to know to what extent the market exacts a premium for exposure to ’tail risk’ in asset returns. In this paper, we use a simple estimate of dynamic tail risk in returns, and measure its performance in a Fama and French (1993) style factor model. Empirically, tail risk induces a monotonic pattern: stocks that are more sensitive to tail risk receive higher returns. Somewhat surprisingly, tail risk does not affect financial firms more than other firms. Tail risk exhibits relatively large returns and has very low correlations with other risk factors, suggesting that it may represent a quite different type of risk. We document an economically and statistically significant premium between 1% and 3% for tail risk, which is robust to size, book-to-market, liquidity, downside risk, volatility and momentum. Furthermore, when we consider asset pricing tests, the only model to survive is one that augments the standard FamaFrench model with a tail risk factor. Our results suggest that financial markets can recognize tail risk, which is reflected in the cross section of stock returns.
Decreased l-Type Ca2+ Current in Cardiac Myocytes of Type 1 Diabetic Akita Mice Due to Reduced Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling

OBJECTIVE—Contraction of cardiac myocytes is initiated by Ca2+ entry through the voltage-dependent l-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC). Previous studies have shown that phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase signaling modulates LTCC function. Because PI 3-kinases are key mediators of insulin action, we investigated whether LTCC function is affected in diabetic animals due to reduced PI 3-kinase signaling. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We used whole-cell patch clamping and biochemical assays to compare cardiac LTCC function and PI 3-kinase signaling in insulin-deficient diabetic mice heterozygous for the Ins2Akita mutation versus nondiabetic littermates. RESULTS—Diabetic mice had a cardiac contractility defect, reduced PI 3-kinase signaling in the heart, and decreased l-type Ca2+ current (ICa,L) density in myocytes compared with control nondiabetic littermates. The lower ICa,L density in myocytes from diabetic mice is due at least in part to reduced cell surface expression of the LTCC. ICa,L density in myocytes from diabetic mice was increased to control levels by insulin treatment or intracellular infusion of PI 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3]. This stimulatory effect was blocked by taxol, suggesting that PI(3,4,5)P3 stimulates microtubule-dependent trafficking of the LTCC to the cell surface. The voltage dependence of steady-state activation and inactivation of ICa,L was also shifted to more positive potentials in myocytes from diabetic versus nondiabetic animals. PI(3,4,5)P3 infusion eliminated only the difference in voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation of ICa,L. CONCLUSIONS—Decreased PI 3-kinase signaling in myocytes from type 1 diabetic mice leads to reduced Ca2+ entry through the LTCC, which might contribute to the negative effect of diabetes on cardiac contractility.