Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Erosion-Resistance of Electro-Thermal Explosion Ultra-High Speed Spraying MoSi2-Based Coatings

A new method, electro-thermal explosion ultra-high speed spraying, was utilized to produce the Mo-Si or Mo-Si-B coatings. Experimental results showed that submicron-grain pure MoSi2 phase coating and boron alloyed MoSi2-MoB2 multiphase coatings were in-situ synthesized on GH3039 nickel-based superalloy substrate. Erosion-resistance test of GH3039 nickel-based superalloy and MoSi2-based coatings were performed under high temperature(800°C) with GW/CS – MS erosion wear tester. Quartz sand was employed as erosive material. Experimental results showed that the erosion-resistance of the MoSi2-based coatings is better than that of the GH3039 nickel-based superalloy.
Planar defects in metastably retained hexagonal BaTiO3 ceramics: α-type extended stacking faults

Planar faults are analysed in hexagonal barium titanate (h-BaTiO3) (polytype 6H). This present paper is restricted to widely extended faults. Nanosize (approximately 120 nm) stoichiometric tetragonal BaTiO3 powder hot pressed at 1300°C for 2 h under a pressure of about 25.8 MPa contains the h-BaTiO3 phase that is metastably retained at room temperature. Planar defects have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The fault vectors and and and and have been determined by application of the invisibility criterion, and the shear component along the prismatic directions has been confirmed by high-resolution imaging. It is suggested that oxygen vacancies generated during hot pressing in the reducing atmosphere of the graphite-die assembly facilitate the metastable retention of the h-BaTiO3 phase. The stacking faults in the hexagonal matrix are identified as (pseudo)cubic lamellae intergrown with h-BaTiO3.
Anterior temporal lobe connectivity correlates with functional outcome after aphasic stroke

Focal brain lesions are assumed to produce language deficits by two basic mechanisms: local cortical dysfunction at the lesion site, and remote cortical dysfunction due to disruption of the transfer and integration of information between connected brain regions. However, functional imaging studies investigating language outcome after aphasic stroke have tended to focus only on the role of local cortical function. In this positron emission tomography functional imaging study, we explored relationships between language comprehension performance after aphasic stroke and the functional connectivity of a key speech-processing region in left anterolateral superior temporal cortex. We compared the organization of left anterolateral superior temporal cortex functional connections during narrative speech comprehension in normal subjects with left anterolateral superior temporal cortex connectivity in a group of chronic aphasic stroke patients. We then evaluated the language deficits associated with altered left anterolateral superior temporal cortex connectivity in aphasic stroke. During normal narrative speech comprehension, left anterolateral superior temporal cortex displayed positive functional connections with left anterior basal temporal cortex, left inferior frontal gyrus and homotopic cortex in right anterolateral superior temporal cortex. As a group, aphasic patients demonstrated a selective disruption of the normal functional connection between left and right anterolateral superior temporal cortices. We observed that deficits in auditory single word and sentence comprehension correlated both with the degree of disruption of left-right anterolateral superior temporal cortical connectivity and with local activation in the anterolateral superior temporal cortex. Subgroup analysis revealed that aphasic patients with preserved positive intertemporal connectivity displayed better receptive language function; these patients also showed greater than normal left inferior frontal gyrus activity, suggesting a possible ‘top-down’ compensatory mechanism. These results demonstrate that functional connectivity between anterolateral superior temporal cortex and right anterior superior temporal cortex is a marker of receptive language outcome after aphasic stroke, and illustrate that language system organization after focal brain lesions may be marked by complex signatures of altered local and pathway-level function.
High-Precision Radiosurgical Dose Delivery by Interlaced Microbeam Arrays of High-Flux Low-Energy Synchrotron X-Rays

Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) is a preclinical form of radiosurgery dedicated to brain tumor treatment. It uses micrometer-wide synchrotron-generated X-ray beams on the basis of spatial beam fractionation. Due to the radioresistance of normal brain vasculature to MRT, a continuous blood supply can be maintained which would in part explain the surprising tolerance of normal tissues to very high radiation doses (hundreds of Gy). Based on this well described normal tissue sparing effect of microplanar beams, we developed a new irradiation geometry which allows the delivery of a high uniform dose deposition at a given brain target whereas surrounding normal tissues are irradiated by well tolerated parallel microbeams only. Normal rat brains were exposed to 4 focally interlaced arrays of 10 microplanar beams (52 µm wide, spaced 200 µm on-center, 50 to 350 keV in energy range), targeted from 4 different ports, with a peak entrance dose of 200Gy each, to deliver an homogenous dose to a target volume of 7 mm3 in the caudate nucleus. Magnetic resonance imaging follow-up of rats showed a highly localized increase in blood vessel permeability, starting 1 week after irradiation. Contrast agent diffusion was confined to the target volume and was still observed 1 month after irradiation, along with histopathological changes, including damaged blood vessels. No changes in vessel permeability were detected in the normal brain tissue surrounding the target. The interlacing radiation-induced reduction of spontaneous seizures of epileptic rats illustrated the potential pre-clinical applications of this new irradiation geometry. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations performed on a human-sized head phantom suggested that synchrotron photons can be used for human radiosurgical applications. Our data show that interlaced microbeam irradiation allows a high homogeneous dose deposition in a brain target and leads to a confined tissue necrosis while sparing surrounding tissues. The use of synchrotron-generated X-rays enables delivery of high doses for destruction of small focal regions in human brains, with sharper dose fall-offs than those described in any other conventional radiation therapy.
The Origin of the High Conductivity of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)−Poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT−PSS) Plastic Electrodes

The development of printed and flexible (opto)electronics requires specific materials for the device's electrodes. Those materials must satisfy a combination of properties. They must be electrically conducting, transparent, printable, and flexible. The conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)− poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT−PSS) is known as a promising candidate. Its conductivity can be increased by 3 orders of magnitude by the secondary dopant diethylene glycol (DEG). This “secondary doping” phenomenon is clarified in a combined photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy investigation. PEDOT−PSS appears to form a three-dimensional conducting network explaining the improvement of its electrical property upon addition of DEG. Polymer light emitting diodes are successfully fabricated using the transparent plastic PEDOT−PSS electrodes instead of the traditionally used indium tin oxide.
A New Reconstruction Filter for Undersampled Light Fields

This paper builds on previous research in the light field area of image-based rendering. We present a new reconstruction filter that significantly reduces the "ghosting" artifacts seen in undersampled light fields, while preserving important high-fidelity features such as sharp object boundaries and view-dependent reflectance. By improving the rendering quality achievable from undersampled light fields, our method allows acceptable images to be generated from smaller image sets. We present both frequency and spatial domain justifications for our techniques. We also present a practical framework for implementing the reconstruction filter in multiple rendering passes.
Expanding access to BRCA1/2 genetic counseling with telephone delivery: a cluster randomized trial.

BACKGROUND The growing demand for cancer genetic services underscores the need to consider approaches that enhance access and efficiency of genetic counseling. Telephone delivery of cancer genetic services may improve access to these services for individuals experiencing geographic (rural areas) and structural (travel time, transportation, childcare) barriers to access. METHODS This cluster-randomized clinical trial used population-based sampling of women at risk for BRCA1/2 mutations to compare telephone and in-person counseling for: 1) equivalency of testing uptake and 2) noninferiority of changes in psychosocial measures. Women 25 to 74 years of age with personal or family histories of breast or ovarian cancer and who were able to travel to one of 14 outreach clinics were invited to participate. Randomization was by family. Assessments were conducted at baseline one week after pretest and post-test counseling and at six months. Of the 988 women randomly assigned, 901 completed a follow-up assessment. Cluster bootstrap methods were used to estimate the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference between test uptake proportions, using a 10% equivalency margin. Differences in psychosocial outcomes for determining noninferiority were estimated using linear models together with one-sided 97.5% bootstrap CIs. RESULTS Uptake of BRCA1/2 testing was lower following telephone (21.8%) than in-person counseling (31.8%, difference = 10.2%, 95% CI = 3.9% to 16.3%; after imputation of missing data: difference = 9.2%, 95% CI = -0.1% to 24.6%). Telephone counseling fulfilled the criteria for noninferiority to in-person counseling for all measures. CONCLUSIONS BRCA1/2 telephone counseling, although leading to lower testing uptake, appears to be safe and as effective as in-person counseling with regard to minimizing adverse psychological reactions, promoting informed decision making, and delivering patient-centered communication for both rural and urban women.
Correlation among Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Conductive Adhesive Joints

The paper is focused on investigation of correlation among changes of the resistance and nonlinearity of adhesive joints fabricated of 6 types of isotropic electrically conductive adhesives with epoxy resin binder and silver filler. Long-time static mechanical load, climatic load caused by ageing of adhesive joints at the temperature of 125degC, climatic load at the relative humidity of 100%, and combined load temperature-humidity (80degC, 80% RH) have been used for study of changes of loaded adhesive joints. Correlation among changes caused by different types of load, applied on one type of adhesive joints, has been examined. Correlation among changes caused by the same type of load, applied on different types of adhesive joints, has also been investigated. Good correlation has been found rarely. Therefore it is possible to conclude that correlation among changes caused by different types of climatic and mechanical load have not been found.
Omental Adipose Tissue–Derived Stromal Cells Promote Vascularization and Growth of Endometrial Tumors

Purpose: Adipose tissue contains a population of tumor-tropic mesenchymal progenitors, termed adipose stromal cells (ASC), which engraft in neighboring tumors to form supportive tumor stroma. We hypothesized that intra-abdominal visceral adipose tissue may contain a uniquely tumor-promoting population of ASC to account for the relationship between excess visceral adipose tissue and mortality of intra-abdominal cancers. Experimental Design: To investigate this, we isolated and characterized ASC from intra-abdominal omental adipose tissue (O-ASC) and characterized their effects on endometrial cancer progression as compared with subcutaneous adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (SC-ASC), bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), and lung fibroblasts. To model chronic recruitment of ASC by tumors, cells were injected metronomically into mice bearing Hec1a xenografts. Results: O-ASC expressed cell surface markers characteristic of BM-MSC and differentiated into mesenchymal lineages. Coculture with O-ASC increased endometrial cancer cell proliferation in vitro. Tumor tropism of O-ASC and SC-ASC for human Hec1a endometrial tumor xenografts was comparable, but O-ASC more potently promoted tumor growth. Compared with tumors in SC-ASC–injected mice, tumors in O-ASC–injected mice contained higher numbers of large tortuous desmin-positive blood vessels, which correlated with decreased central tumor necrosis and increased tumor cell proliferation. O-ASC exhibited enhanced motility as compared with SC-ASC in response to Hec1a-secreted factors. Conclusions: Visceral adipose tissue contains a population of multipotent MSCs that promote endometrial tumor growth more potently than MSCs from subcutaneous adipose tissue. We propose that O-ASCs recruited to tumors express specific factors that enhance tumor vascularization, promoting survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Clin Cancer Res; 18(3); 771–82. ©2011 AACR.
Improved Generative Semisupervised Learning Based on Finely Grained Component-Conditional Class Labeling

We introduce new inductive, generative semisupervised mixtures with more finely grained class label generation mechanisms than in previous work. Our models combine advantages of semisupervised mixtures, which achieve label extrapolation over a component, and nearest-neighbor (NN)/nearest-prototype (NP) classification, which achieve accurate classification in the vicinity of labeled samples or prototypes. For our NN-based method, we propose a novel two-stage stochastic data generation, with all samples first generated using a standard finite mixture and then all class labels generated, conditioned on the samples and their components of origin. This mechanism entails an underlying Markov random field, specific to each mixture component or cluster. We invoke the pseudo-likelihood formulation, which forms the basis for an approximate generalized expectation-maximization model learning algorithm. Our NP-based model overcomes a problem with the NN-based model that manifests at very low labeled fractions. Both models are advantageous when within-component class proportions are not constant over the feature space region “owned by” a component. The practicality of this scenario is borne out by experiments on UC Irvine data sets, which demonstrate significant gains in classification accuracy over previous semisupervised mixtures and also overall gains, over KNN classification. Moreover, for very small labeled fractions, our methods overall outperform supervised linear and nonlinear kernel support vector machines.
Retinal projections in quail (Coturnix coturnix)

Abstract The trajectory of retinal projections and the location of retinorecipient nuclei in the quail brain was examined after application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) either to the cut end of the optic nerve or following intraocular injection of HRP. Retinal projections to the hypothalamus, dorsalateral anterior thalamus (rostralateral part, magnocellular part, and lateral part), lateral anterior thalamus, lateroventral geniculate nucleus, lateral geniculate intercalated nuclei (rostral and caudal parts), ventrolateral thalamus, superficial synencephalic nucleus, external nucleus, tectal gray, diffuse pretectal area, pretectal optic area, ectomammillary nucleus, and optic tectum were revealed. Retinal projections observed in quail were compared with results obtained in other avian species and considered in relation to possible anatomic pathways underlying photoperiodism and circadian rhythms.
Demonstrating Equivalence of Source Code and PROM Contents

The translation of the requirements for a computer based system into the stored code executed by the processor is an extended process with many opportunities for the introduction of errors. One potential source of errors is the suite of tool used to translate the «high level language» source program, defining the algorithms to be used, into the binary code, stored in PROM, which actually controls the system. This paper outlines a higly automated technique which has been developed to demonstrate equivalence between the source code and PROM contents for a safety critical programmable protection system which is to be used in the UK Nuclear industry
The export systems of type 1 and F1C fimbriae are interchangeable but work in parental pairs

Type 1 and F1C fimbriae are surface organelles of Escherichia coli which mediate receptor-specific binding to different host surfaces. Such fimbriae are found, among others, on strains associated with urinary tract infections. Biosynthesis of type 1 and F1C fimbrial organelles requires individual, specialized two-component assembly systems. The organization of the fim and foc gene clusters encoding these fimbriae, as well as the structure of the organelles, is very similar; however, the actual sequence homology of the structural elements is not remarkable (34 to 60%). Both gene clusters encode a periplasmically located chaperone and an usher protein, located in the outer membrane, required for organelle biogenesis. Deletion of either element causes abolishment of fimbriation. The present report addresses the question of promiscuity in fimbrial biogenesis. Our data indicate that the two-component export systems of the two organelle systems are reciprocally interchangeable; however, they seem to function only in parental pairs.
Polyphyllin VII Induces an Autophagic Cell Death by Activation of the JNK Pathway and Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in HepG2 Cells

Polyphyllin VII (PP7), a pennogenyl saponin isolated from Rhizoma Paridis, exhibited strong anticancer activities in various cancer types. Previous studies found that PP7 induced apoptotic cell death in human hepatoblastoma cancer (HepG2) cells. In the present study, we investigated whether PP7 could induce autophagy and its role in PP7-induced cell death, and elucidated its mechanisms. PP7 induced a robust autophagy in HepG2 cells as demonstrated by the conversion of LC3B-I to LC3B-II, degradation of P62, formation of punctate LC3-positive structures, and autophagic vacuoles tested by western blot analysis or InCell 2000 confocal microscope. Inhibition of autophagy by treating cells with autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) abolished the cell death caused by PP7, indicating that PP7 induced an autophagic cell death in HepG2 cells. C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was activated after treatment with PP7 and pretreatment with SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, reversed PP7-induced autophagy and cell death, suggesting that JNK plays a critical role in autophagy caused by PP7. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that PP7 increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and Bcl-2, and inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR, suggesting their roles in the PP7-induced autophagy. This is the first report that PP7 induces an autophagic cell death in HepG2 cells via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and activation of JNK pathway, which induces phosphorylation of Bcl-2 and dissociation of Beclin-1 from Beclin-1/Bcl-2 complex, leading to induction of autophagy.
Transfer Learning for Cross-Project Change-Proneness Prediction in Object-Oriented Software Systems: A Feasibility Analysis

Change-prone classes or modules are defined as regions of the source code which are more likely to change as a result of a software development of maintenance activity. Automatic identification of change-prone classes are useful for the software development team as they can focus their testing efforts on areas within the source code which are more likely to change. Several machine learning techniques have been proposed for predicting change-prone classes based on the application of source code metrics as indicators. However, most of the work has focused on within-project training and model building. There are several real word scenario in which sufficient training dataset is not available for model building such as in the case of a new project. Cross-project prediction is an approach which consists of training a model from dataset belonging to one project and testing it on dataset belonging to a different project. Cross-project change-proneness prediction is relatively unexplored. We propose a machine learning based approach for cross-project change-proneness prediction. We conduct experiments on 10 open-source Eclipse plug-ins and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. We frame several research questions comparing the performance of within project and cross project prediction and also propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA) based approach for identifying the best set of source code metrics. We conclude that for within project experimental setting, Random Forest (RF) technique results in the best precision. In case of cross-project change-proneness prediction, our analysis reveals that the NDTF ensemble method performs higher than other individual classifiers (such as decision tree and logistic regression) and ensemble methods in the experimental dataset. We conduct a comparison of within-project, cross-project without GA and cross-project with GA and our analysis reveals that cross-project with GA performs best followed by within-project and then cross-project without GA.
Unconstrained Age Estimation with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

We propose an approach for age estimation from unconstrained images based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN). Our method consists of four steps: face detection, face alignment, DCNN-based feature extraction and neural network regression for age estimation. The proposed approach exploits two insights: (1) Features obtained from DCNN trained for face-identification task can be used for age estimation. (2) The three-layer neural network regression method trained on Gaussian loss performs better than traditional regression methods for apparent age estimation. Our method is evaluated on the apparent age estimation challenge developed for the ICCV 2015 ChaLearn Looking at People Challenge for which it achieves the error of 0:373.
Robust Optimal Cross-Layer Designs for TDD-OFDMA Systems with Imperfect CSIT and Unknown Interference: State-Space Approach Based on 1-bit ACK/NAK Feedbacks

Cross-layer designs for OFDMA systems have been shown to offer significant gains of spectral efficiency by exploiting the multiuser diversity over the temporal and frequency domains. In this paper, we shall propose a robust optimal cross-layer design for downlink TDD-OFDMA systems with imperfect channel state information at the base station (CSIT) and unknown interference in slow fading channels. Exploiting the ACK/NAK (1-bit) feedbacks from the mobiles, the proposed cross-layer design does not require knowledge of the CSIT error statistics or interference statistics. To take into account of the potential packet error due to the imperfect CSIT and unknown interference, we define average system goodput (which measures the average b/s/Hz successfully delivered to the mobile) as our optimization objective. We formulate the cross-layer design as a state-space control problem. The optimal power, optimal rate and optimal user allocations are determined as the output equations from the system states based on dynamic programming approach. Simulation results illustrate that the performance of the proposed closed-loop cross-layer design is very robust with respect to imperfect CSIT, unknown interference, model mismatch as well as channel variations due to Doppler.