Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phototactic guidance of a tissue-engineered soft-robotic ray

Swim into the light A bio-inspired swimming robot that mimics a ray fish can be guided by light. Park et al. built a 1/10th-scale version of a ray fish with a microfabricated gold skeleton and a rubber body powered by rat heart muscle cells. The cardiomyocytes were genetically engineered to respond to light cues, so that the undulatory movements propelling the robot through water would follow a light source. Science, this issue p. 158 A biohybrid swimming robot powered by cardiomyocytes is optogenetically engineered to respond to light cues. Inspired by the relatively simple morphological blueprint provided by batoid fish such as stingrays and skates, we created a biohybrid system that enables an artificial animal—a tissue-engineered ray—to swim and phototactically follow a light cue. By patterning dissociated rat cardiomyocytes on an elastomeric body enclosing a microfabricated gold skeleton, we replicated fish morphology at 110 scale and captured basic fin deflection patterns of batoid fish. Optogenetics allows for phototactic guidance, steering, and turning maneuvers. Optical stimulation induced sequential muscle activation via serpentine-patterned muscle circuits, leading to coordinated undulatory swimming. The speed and direction of the ray was controlled by modulating light frequency and by independently eliciting right and left fins, allowing the biohybrid machine to maneuver through an obstacle course.
Bit error probability for a M-ary QAM OFDM-based system

Results and the general expression for the bit error rate (BER) of M-ary QAM for single carrier systems are well known, but are not readily available for M-ary QAM combined with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). In this paper, a generalized closed-form BER expression of M-ary QAM OFDM is empirically derived and verified in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), using a Monte Carlo simulation. Theoretical BER graphs up to 1024-QAM over up to 256 subchannels are also presented.
HARE + + : Hardware Assisted Reverse Execution Revisited

Bidirectional debugging is a promising and powerful debugging technique that can help programmers backtrack and find the causes of program errors faster. A key component of bidirectional debugging is checkpointing, which allows the debugger to restore the program to any previously encountered state, but can incur significant performance and memory overheads that can render bidirectional debugging unusable. Multiple software and hardware checkpointing techniques have been proposed. Software provides better memory management through checkpoint consolidation, while hardware can create checkpoints at low performance cost which unfortunately are not consolidation-friendly. HARE was the first hardware technique to create consolidatable checkpoints in order to reduce the overall performance and memory costs. In this paper we are proposing HARE++, a redesign of the original HARE that addresses the shortcomings of the original technique. HARE++ reduces the reverse execution latency by 3.5-4 times on average compared to HARE and provides the ability to construct both undo and redo-log checkpoints allowing the seamless movement over the execution time of the program. At the same time HARE++ maintains the performance advantages of HARE, incurring < 2% performance overhead on average across all benchmarks, and allows the consolidation of checkpoints with memory requirements similar to HARE.
A vector-perturbation technique for near-capacity multiantenna multiuser communication-part II: perturbation

Recent theoretical results describing the sum-capacity when using multiple antennas to communicate with multiple users in a known rich scattering environment have not yet been followed with practical transmission schemes that achieve this capacity. We introduce a simple encoding algorithm that achieves near-capacity at sum-rates of tens of bits/channel use. The algorithm is a variation on channel inversion that regularizes the inverse and uses a "sphere encoder" to perturb the data to reduce the energy of the transmitted signal. The paper is comprised of two parts. In this second part, we show that, after the regularization of the channel inverse introduced in the first part, a certain perturbation of the data using a "sphere encoder" can be chosen to further reduce the energy of the transmitted signal. The performance difference with and without this perturbation is shown to be dramatic. With the perturbation, we achieve excellent performance at all signal-to-noise ratios. The results of both uncoded and turbo-coded simulations are presented.
Duct Cleaning Robot Comprehensive Kinematics Modeling and Analysis Considering the Complex Terrain

Complex terrain conditions greatly influences the movement of mobile robot,which should not be neglected.In this paper,a novel motion modeling idea is proposed, in which the robot chassis attitude angle changes caused by topographic changes was real-timely measured and be input into the robot kinematic modeling process to establish the overall kinematic model of robot. This modeling method reflect the various parts of the robot motion relations, and also display the complex topography of the robot trajectory of the end of the actuator.Finally,validated and analyzed the feasibility of the modeling method.
Mechanical Surface Treatments for Improving Fatigue Behavior in Titanium Alloys

Mechanical Surface Treatments for Improving Fatigue Behavior in Titanium Alloys Mechanical surface treatments such as shot peening or ball-burnishing induce high dislocation densities and residual compressive stresses in near-surface regions. In addition, the surface roughness is changed. Micro-hardness and residual stress-depth profiles are evaluated in Ti-6Al-4V as a function of the Almen intensity being the main process parameter in shot peening. In the finite life regime, residual compressive stresses are shown to drastically increase the fatigue life by retarding crack growth from the surface into the interior. However, in the HCF regime a shift in crack nucleation site occurs from the surface to subsurface regions where residual tensile stresses balance the outer compressive stress field. Therefore, the tensile mean stress sensitivity of the fatigue strength which can largely vary in Ti-6Al-4V needs to be taken into account in order to understand the observed differences in HCF responds to shot peening.
Crowdsourcing for Context: Regarding Privacy in Beacon Encounters via Contextual Integrity

Abstract Research shows that context is important to the privacy perceptions associated with technology. With Bluetooth Low Energy beacons, one of the latest technologies for providing proximity and indoor tracking, the current identifiers that characterize a beacon are not sufficient for ordinary users to make informed privacy decisions about the location information that could be shared. One solution would be to have standardized category and privacy labels, produced by beacon providers or an independent third-party. An alternative solution is to find an approach driven by users, for users. In this paper, we propose a novel crowdsourcing based approach to introduce elements of context in beacon encounters.We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach through a user study, where participants use a crowd-based mobile app designed to collect beacon category and privacy information as a scavenger hunt game. Results show that our approach was effective in helping users label beacons according to the specific context of a given beacon encounter, as well as the privacy perceptions associated with it. This labeling was done with an accuracy of 92%, and with an acceptance rate of 82% of all recommended crowd labels. Lastly, we conclusively show how crowdsourcing for context can be used towards a user-centric framework for privacy management during beacon encounters.
Brain Activity in Advantageous and Disadvantageous Situations: Implications for Reward/Punishment Sensitivity in Different Situations

Objective This study modeled win and lose trials in a simple gambling task to examine the effect of entire win–lose situations (WIN, LOSS, or TIE) on single win/lose trials and related neural underpinnings. Methods The behavior responses and brain activities of 17 participants were recorded by an MRI scanner while they performed a gambling task. Different conditions were compared to determine the effect of the task on the behavior and brain activity of the participants. Correlations between brain activity and behavior were calculated to support the imaging results. Results In win trials, LOSS caused less intense posterior cingulate activity than TIE. In lose trials, LOSS caused more intense activity in the right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate, bilateral insula cortex, and left orbitofrontal cortex than WIN and TIE. Conclusions The experiences of the participants in win trials showed great similarity among different win–lose situations. However, the brain activity and behavior responses of the participants in lose trials indicated that they experienced stronger negative emotion in LOSS. The participants also showed an increased desire to win in LOSS than in WIN or TIE conditions.
A Neural Network based Audio Content Classification

The emergence of digital music in the Internet calls for a reliable real-time tool to analyze and properly categorize them for the users. To incorporate content or genre queries in Web searches, audio content analysis and classification is imperative. This paper proposes a set of audio content features and a parallel neural network architecture that addresses the task of automated content based audio classification. Feature sets based on signal periodicity, beat information, sub-band energy, mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and wavelet transforms are proposed and each of the feature sets are individually analyzed for their pertinence in the proposed task. A parallel multi-layered perceptron network is proposed which offers a classification accuracy of 84.4% to distinguish between 6 different genres. The proposed architecture is compared with a support vector machine based classifier and is found to perform superiorly than the later.
Random coding strategies for minimum entropy

This paper proves that there exists a fixed random coding Strategy for block coding a memoryless information source to achieve the absolute epsilon entropy of the source. That is, the strategy can be chosen independent of the block length. The principal new tool is an easy result on the semicontinuity of the relative entropy functional of one probability distribution with respect to another. The theorem generalizes a result from rate-distortion theory to the "zero-infinity" case.
Prediction of protein-protein interaction sites using back propagation neural networks

Identifying protein-protein interaction sites plays a very important role in biological process and protein function. This paper proposes a novel Back Progagtion (BP) neural network improved by Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm that can predict protein-protein interaction sites. Sequence profile and entropy information of sequential adjacent residues are extracted to construct the different sliding windows as the input feature vectors for the BP network. 10-cross validation method is used to build the training and testing set. The improved BP network is applied to distinguish whether a surface residue in the testing set is an interface residue or not. The results based on a non-redundant data set of heterodimers such as the accuracy is 75.3% and the correlation coefficient is 0.302 that efficiently proves the validity and feasibility of our method. The results also show that the model we proposed is superior to the classical computational methods mentioned in this paper.
Interactive symbolic distortion analysis of analogue integrated circuits

A program is presented that generates symbolic expressions for the harmonic distortion, caused by weak nonlinearities in continuous-time analogue integrated circuits. The program relies upon the theory of Volterra series. An approximation algorithm with a user-definable error enhances the interpretability of the expressions. The results are in good agreement with results from a numerical simulator. The program can be used to analyse complex circuits such as operational amplifiers and to develop guidelines for low-distortion circuit design. <<ETX>>
Quantum dot encoded magnetic beads for multiplexed fluorescence biosensing

In recent years, the use of encoded beads has received considerable attention due to their potential for measuring multiple analytes in solution. (1-4) This can be achieved without the need for knowledge of their spatial position, as in the case of microarray technology. Encoded bead technology also relies on the solution kinetics rather than diffusion to a fixed surface as in the case of microarray technology, offering the possibility of developing rapid high throughput screening methods. This thesis describes the production, characterisation and application of quantum dot encoded beads prepared using layer-by-layer assembly of different colour quantum dots around a magnetic bead. To achieve this, two different strategies were used to make “coloured” barcodes. The first strategy used thiol chemistry to immobilise quantum dots in a layer-by-layer assembly onto magnetic beads whereas the second strategy uses the interaction between quantum dot-biotin and quantum dot-streptavidin conjugates to create constructs on the magnetic bead surface. The development of both of these immobilisation strategies was characterisation using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy of immobilised quantum dot structures onto a plain glass substrate. After the preparation of encoded beads, they were characterised using single bead fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that attempts to prepare barcodes by layer-by-layer assembly of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots using thiol chemistry onto magnetic beads did not comply with the necessary barcode characteristics i.e., different colour coded beads could not be distinguished from each other. However, the encoded beads prepared using layer-by-layer assembly of quantum dot-biotin and quantum dot-streptavidin conjugates onto streptavidin coated magnetic beads gave distinct multicolour coded bead spectra. These barcodes were characterised in terms of different spectral responses, stability at raised temperatures, stability in biotin solutions, and long-term stability after storage. Encoded beads prepared using layer-by-layer assembly of quantum dot-biotin and quantum dot-streptavidin conjugates onto streptavidin coated magnetic beads were then used to develop multiplexed immunoassays. Four different barcodes were prepared and used to perform model multiplexed immunoassays. The barcodes were identified upon the basis of different spectral response measured using single bead fluorescence spectroscopy. Finally, a quantitative immunoassay for human IgG was performed using these barcodes, which showed that different concentrations of human IgG can be determined in solution.
Optimized thermal management system of Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC applications

The dynamical behavior of temperature is becoming a critical design consideration for the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC). Investigation of an advanced control structure for Grid Connected-Modular Multilevel Converter (GC-MMC) is proposed in this paper. To achieve this goal, an non-linear model of MMC regarding considering of negative and positive sequence components with thermal dynamics has been presented. Then, due to existence of unbalance voltage faults in distribution grid, non-linarites and uncertainties in model, adaptive robust current controller which is composed of sliding mode and fuzzy control, is developed for GC-MMC. They are implemented based upon positive and negative components of voltage and current to mitigate the power quality problems. Finally, numerical results are given in order to show the dynamic performance of GC-MMC prototype under normal and unbalanced fault conditions. They illustrate the proposed current controllers could keep the MMC stable under different conditions and thermal performance of MMC is given.
Pentacene TFT driven AM OLED displays

Pentacene organic thin-film transistors (TFTs)-driven active matrix organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays has been investigated. This letter addresses several process issues unique to this type of display which are important in achieving bright and uniform displays. A bottom contact structure was used to fabricate the pentacene TFT backplane. Polyvinyl alcohol and parylene were used to isolate the pentacene active layer and passivate the backplane. The low processing temperature may allow the use of polymeric substrates and lower cost processing. Uniform TFT performance is achieved with reasonably good mobility and on/off ratio on the backplane. The initial OLED display performance is also presented.
Proximity printing by wave-optically designed masks

Photolithography based on proximity printing offers a high throughput and cost effective patterning technology for production of for instance large area liquid crystal displays. The resolution of this technique is limited due to wave-optical effects in the proximity gap between the binary amplitude mask and the substrate. We can improve the resolution drastically by replacing the conventional photomask with a mask causing both amplitude and phase modulation of the illumination wave. We describe a wave-optical design procedure of such masks. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated by results from computer simulations and practical experiments. We show that for a 50 micron gap a 3 micron line/space pattern is resolved clearly for visible light illumination, whereas under conventional conditions the image is completely degraded. The proximity mask used in our experiments was fabricated by e-beam lithography with four height levels and two amplitude transmission values.
Association between the 8‐item Morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS‐8) score and glycaemic control among Chinese diabetes patients

Adherence with oral hypoglycaemic agent is crucial to achieve optimal glycaemic control. The 8‐item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS‐8) has been frequently used, yet the association between MMAS‐8 score and glycaemic control among Chinese diabetes patients is largely unknown. Two general out‐patient clinics were randomly selected in a district with socio‐demographic characteristics representative of the entire Hong Kong population. A consecutive sample of adult type‐2 diabetes patients currently taking oral hypoglycaemic agents was included. The glycaemic control was reflected by the level of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) taken within the previous 6 months. Factors associated with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%) were evaluated by linear regression analysis. From 565 eligible Chinese patients with an average age of 63.2 years (SD 9.7) and male proportion of 46.5%, the average HbA1c was 7.1% (SD 1.1%), and 52.0% had poor glycaemic control. The proportion of poor medication adherence (MMAS‐8 ≤ 6) was 32.2%. After controlling for socio‐demographics, lifestyle, medication use, and health characteristics, the MMAS‐8 score was correlated with better glycaemic control (beta −0.095; 95%CI −0.164 to −0.026, P = .007). The MMAS‐8 score had a weak and negative correlation with HbA1c level. The instrument should be applied with caution when predicting glycaemic control in clinical practice.
Application of Social Network Analysis to Health Care Sectors

Objectives This study aimed to examine the feasibility of social network analysis as a valuable research tool for indicating a change in research topics in health care and medicine. Methods Papers used in the analysis were collected from the PubMed database at the National Library of Medicine. After limiting the search to papers affiliated with the National Institutes of Health, 27,125 papers were selected for the analysis. From these papers, the top 100 non-duplicate and most studied Medical Subject Heading terms were extracted. NetMiner V.3 was used for analysis. Weighted degree centrality was applied to the analysis to compare the trends in the change of research topics. Changes in the core keywords were observed for the entire group and in three-year intervals. Results The core keyword with the highest centrality value was "Risk Factor," followed by "Molecular Sequence Data," "Neoplasms," "Signal Transduction," "Brain," and "Amino Acid Sequence. " Core keywords varied between time intervals, changing from "Molecular Sequence Data" to "Risk Factors" over time. "Risk Factors" was added as a new keyword and its social network was expanded. The slope of the keywords also varied over time: "Molecular Sequence Data," with a high centrality value, had a decreasing slope at certain intervals, whereas "SNP," with a low centrality value, had an increasing slope at certain intervals. Conclusions The social network analysis method is useful for tracking changes in research topics over time. Further research should be conducted to confirm the usefulness of this method in health care and medicine.
Static Target Identification Based on the Simulation of Thermal Infrared Image

Based on the principle of the simulation of the infrared thermal image, the static aircraft in the background of cement surface, at 2:00, 11:00, 14:00, are simulated under the remote sensors with spatial resolution of 5m and 10m. The evaluation is based on the radiance of target and the background extracted from the simulation image. The results indicate that the method in this paper can reflect the difference of radiance between the static target and the background which is useful in the target identification.