Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural basis of cargo recognitions for class V myosins

Class V myosins (MyoV), the most studied unconventional myosins, recognize numerous cargos mainly via the motor’s globular tail domain (GTD). Little is known regarding how MyoV-GTD recognizes such a diverse array of cargos specifically. Here, we solved the crystal structures of MyoVa-GTD in its apo-form and in complex with two distinct cargos, melanophilin and Rab interacting lysosomal protein-like 2. The apo-MyoVa-GTD structure indicates that most mutations found in patients with Griscelli syndrome, microvillus inclusion disease, or cancers or in “dilute” rodents likely impair the folding of GTD. The MyoVa-GTD/cargo complex structure reveals two distinct cargo-binding surfaces, one primarily via charge–charge interaction and the other mainly via hydrophobic interactions. Structural and biochemical analysis reveal the specific cargo-binding specificities of various isoforms of mammalian MyoV as well as very different cargo recognition mechanisms of MyoV between yeast and higher eukaryotes. The MyoVa-GTD structures resolved here provide a framework for future functional studies of vertebrate class V myosins.
Positive experiences of teenage motherhood: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND Teenage pregnancy is seen as a cause for concern in the United Kingdom (UK). However, there has been little research from primary care looking at teenage motherhood and its implications. AIM To investigate the experiences of teenage mothers in relation to their role as mothers and their expectations of their futures. DESIGN OF STUDY Qualitative study. SETTING East Devon, England. METHOD Nine women who had conceived their first child while still a teenager agreed to participate. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken, audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. RESULTS The women expressed positive attitudes to being mothers and described how it had affected their lives. For some, motherhood had been the impetus to change direction and consider a career, because they had someone else for whom they were responsible. They recognised that they were still young enough to enter further education or other aspects of employment as their children grew up. CONCLUSIONS For the women in this study, having been a teenage mother did not mean that their life and future were all over. Motherhood and bringing up children were valued in their own right. The women were realistic about their futures, often making plans to develop their careers.
Identifying User Issues and Request Types in Forum Question Posts Based on Discourse Analysis

In this paper we propose the detection of user issues and request types in technical forum question posts with a twofold purpose: supporting up-to-date knowledge generation in organizations that provide (semi-) automated customer-care services, and enriching forum metadata in order to enhance the effectiveness of search. We present a categorization system for detecting the proposed question post types based on discourse analysis, and show the advantage of using discourse patterns compared to a baseline relying on standard linguistic features. Besides the detailed description of our method, we also release our annotated corpus to the community.
New efficient user authentication scheme with user anonymity facilitating e-commerce applications

An authenticated key distribution scheme preserving user anonymity is important to those e-commerce applications where user anonymity is required or desirable. However, the previous works on this issue have security flaws. This article shows the security weaknesses of a recently published work, and then proposes our new scheme, which not only overcomes the weaknesses but also improves the computational performance.
Relationships between general health measured with the sickness impact profile and respiratory symptoms, physiological measures, and mood in patients with chronic airflow limitation.

The relationship between general health measured using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), lung spirometry, arterial oxygen saturation during exercise, and six-minute walking distance was studied in 141 patients with chronic airflow limitation. In addition the patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Bronchitis Questionnaire. Their mean age was 63 years (range 31 to 75) and their mean FEV1 was 47 +/- 23 (SD)% of predicted normal. The SIP scores were lower (i.e., the patients had better general health) than in previously reported patients who had greater physiological disturbance, but the profile of the different category scores within the SIP was similar to previous findings. Walking distance correlated with the SIP better than any spirometric measure or arterial saturation and accounted for 41% of the variance in SIP (p less than 0.001). The SIP score was considerably higher in patients who wheezed every day compared with those who did not (p less than 0.005). In patients who reported that their breathing was not normal between acute attacks of breathlessness and wheeze, the SIP score was twice as high as in those who felt normal between attacks (p less than 0.0006). Walking distance, depression score, and MRC dyspnea score correlated with SIP score independently of each other. A multiple regression incorporating these three variables accounted for 62% of the total variance in SIP score. Age, sex, and response to bronchodilator were not correlated with SIP score. We conclude that the SIP provides a valid measure of general health in a population of patients with chronic airflow limitation.
Choice of Cellular Protein Expression System

Recombinant protein expression has become a standard laboratory tool, and a wide variety of systems and techniques are now in use. Because there are so many systems to choose from, the investigator has to be careful to use the combination that will give the best results for the protein being studied. This overview unit discusses expression and production choices, including post‐translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation, acylation, sulfation, and removal of N‐terminal methionine), in vivo and in vitro folding, and influence of downstream elements on expression.
Computerized vs. Paper-Pencil Assessment of Cognitive Change following Acute Ischemic Stroke

Importance Cognitive impairment is common among patients with stroke and early recognition can optimize patient care. Objective To determine the validity of computerized cognitive testing in an adult population with acute ischemic stroke. Design Validation study comparing computerized vs paper-pencil assessments at two time points three months apart in a stroke unit. Main outcome Correlation analyses between computerized (using CogState Brief Battery) and paper-pencil testing (using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment) both at study entry and follow-up visits. Results We found moderate to strong significant correlations between the two instruments at study entry and follow-up sessions. Executive dysfunctions were the main cognitive changes. Test-retest correlations were strong. Conclusion and Relevance The CogState Brief Battery is a valid alternative for clinicians who wish to measure cognitive skills following acute ischemic stroke. Limitations of computerized testing are discussed.
Cryptophanes and their complexes--present and future.

6. Binding Properties of Cryptophanes 105 6.1. Complexation of Small Neutral Molecules 106 6.2. Complexation of Ammonium Guests 107 6.3. Complexation of Metal Cations 109 6.4. Complexation of Anion Guests 109 7. Dynamics of the Guest in the Cryptophane Cavity 109 7.1. Investigations by NMR Spectroscopy 109 7.2. Computational Investigations 111 7.3. Host-Guest Complexes in the Solid: Raman Microspectrometry 111
A Bayesian Exploration of Growth and Convergence

The topic of economic growth and convergence of countries has been an active topic in the 1990's. This paper investigates the question of whether there is any empirical evidence that countries are converging, with respect to their relative incomes, over time. To test for convergence, the evolution of the relative income for a country is modelled as a first-order Markov Chain.
Contributions to the problem of knowledge management in Spatial Data Infrastructures

LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE INFORMACION SON SOLUCIONES INTEGRADAS BASADAS EN LA FUSION DE INFORMACION Y TECNOLOGIAS DE LA COMUNICACION, LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE DATOS ESPACIALES SON INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE INFORMACION ESPECIALIZADAS EN LA GESTION DE INFORMACION GEOGRAFICA. SE CARACTERIZAN POR LA GRAN CANTIDAD DE DATOS QUE TIENEN QUE GESTIONAR, POR EL ALTO COSTE DE OBTENCION DE DICHOS DATOS, Y POR EL CRECIENTE NUMERO DE APLICACIONES DE DICHAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS. UNA INFRAESTRUCTURA DE INFORMACION REQUIERE DE UN SISTEMA DE RECUPERACION EFICIENTE Y EFECTIVO PARA PROPORCIONAR A LOS USUARIOS EL ACCESO A LOS ELEMENTOS ALMACENADOS EN LA INFRAESTRUCTURA. SIN EMBARGO, LOS TERMINOS DEL LENGUAJE NATURAL USADON EN CLASIFICACION, INDEXADO Y CONSULTA CONTIENEN RELACIONES SEMANTICAS QUE PUEDEN DIFICULTAR LA CREACION DE SISTEMAS DE DESCUBRIMIENTO DE LA INFORMACION EFECTIVOS. EN ESTE CONTEXTO, LAS ONTOLOGIAS SON FRECUENTEMENTE USADAS APRA MEJORAR EL RENDIMIENTO DE LOS SISTEMAS DE DESCUBRIMIENTO DE INFORMACION. DE ENTRE LOS TIPOS DE ONTOLOGIAS EXISTENTES, LAS ONTOLOGIAS TERMINOLOGICAS SON LAS MAS FRECUENTEMENTE USADAS PARA CLASIFICACION Y RECUPERACION DE INFORMACION. SIN EMBARGO, LA HETEROGENEIDAD DE ESTOS MODELOS DIFICULTA SU INTEGRACION. ESTA TESIS DOCTORAL ANALIZA LOS PRINCIPALES PROBLEMAS QUE AFECTAN A LOS SISTEMAS DE DESCUBRIMIENTO DE LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE INFORMACION EN RELACION CON LA GESTION DE ONTOLOGIAS TERMINOLOGICAS. PRIMERAMENTE, SE CENTRA EN LOS PROBLEMAS DE REPRESENTACION DE LOS MODELOS TERMINOLOGICOS DONDE UN MARCO DE REPRESENTACION ADECUADO ES REQUERIDO. SEGUIDAMENTE, ANALIZA LAS NECESIDADES DE ADQUISICION DE ONTOLOGIAS TERMINOLOCIAS. ESPECIALMENTE, SE CENTRA EN LA NECESIDAD DE CREAR, RELACIONAR, E INTEGRAR LOS MODELOS REQUERIDOS POR UNA INFRAESTRUCTURA. EN TERCER LUGAR PROFUNDIZA EN EL PROBLEMA DE ACCESO A LOS MODELOS TERMINOLOGIOS VIA SERVICIOS Y COMPONENTES INTEROPERABLES. COMO RESPUESTA A DICHOS PROBLEMAS, ESTA TESIS PROPONE UN MARCO DE REPRESENTACION COMUN PARA ONTOLOGIAS TERMINOLOGICAS, UNA SERIE DE METODOS Y TECNICAS QUE FACILITAN LA ADQUISICION E INTEGRACION DE MODELOS TERMINOLOGICOS, Y UN CONJUNTO DE DISENOS ARQUITECTURALES PERA FACIITAR LA GESTION Y EL ACCESO A DICHOS MODELOS. FINALMENTE, LOS MARCOS DE REPRESENTACION, METODOLOGIAS, PATRONES ARQUITECTURALES, PROCESOS, Y ALGORITMOS DISENADOS PARA SOLUCIONAR LOS PROBLEMAS DETECTADOS SE HAN APLICADO AL CONTEXTO DE DESCUBRIMIENTO DE INFORMACION DE LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE DATOS ESPACIALES.
Sequences of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 μm DNA improving plasmid partitioning in Hansenula polymorpha

Insertion of the HindIII‐PstI fragment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2 μm DNA into the Hansenula polymorpha replicative plasmids decreases plasmid copy number and ensures their distribution to daughter cells at both mitotic and meiotic cell divisions. This suggests that the stabilization effect is caused by the improvement of plasmid partitioning. Deletion analysis revealed that the region of 2 μm DNA sequence responsible for the increase of mitotic stability of H. polymorpha plasmids involves the 2 μm STB locus and adjoining region. Further analysis demonstrated that the stabilization effect may depend on the number of 24–28 bp imperfect repeats which were found in several copies in the STB locus and adjoining region. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of Personal Narratives as a Mediator of the Impact of Deficits in Social Cognition and Social Withdrawal on Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

Abstract Although negative symptoms are a barrier to recovery from schizophrenia, little is understood about the psychological processes that reinforce and sustain them. To explore this issue, this study used structural equation modeling to test whether the impact of social withdrawal and emotion recognition deficits upon negative symptoms is mediated by the richness or poverty of personal narratives. The participants were 99 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Social cognition was assessed using the Bell-Lysaker Emotional Recognition Task; social withdrawal, using the Quality of Life Scale; narrative coherence, using the Scale To Assess Narrative Development; and negative symptoms, using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The findings reveal that although social cognition deficits and social withdrawal are significantly associated with negative symptom severity, these relationships become nonsignificant when personal narrative integrity is examined as a mediating factor. These results indicate that the development of personal narratives may be directly linked to the severity of negative symptoms; this construct may be a useful target for future interventions.
Density-dependent competition and selection on immune function in genetic lizard morphs

Density-dependent territorial interactions have been suggested to cause immunosuppression and thereby decrease fitness, but empirical support from natural populations is lacking. Data from a natural lizard population (Uta stansburiana) showed that breeding females surrounded by many territorial neighbors had suppressed immune function. Furthermore, variation in immunological condition had different effects on the fitness of the two heritable female throat-color morphs in this population. These interactive fitness effects caused correlational selection between female throat color and immune responsiveness. Population genetic theory predicts that this should have lead to the buildup and preservation of a genetic correlation between female morphotype and immunological condition. Accordingly, the throat color of a female was genetically correlated (rA = −1.36; SE = 0.55) with her daughter's immune responsiveness.
Reproduction in Brevicipitid Frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Brevicipitidae)—Evidence from Probreviceps M. Macrodactylus

Abstract An egg clutch of the Tanzanian brevicipitid frog, Probreviceps m. macrodactylus, is described for the first time. The single clutch consists of 32 eggs and 21 infertile, jelly-filled capsules, tightly bound together by a thin, tough outer layer. The infertile capsules are concentrated toward the top of the clutch. The eggs were found in a dry season, and were perhaps likely to hatch at the onset of the short rains. The specific identification is confirmed through analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Eggs are yolky and large, about 8 mm in diameter (including capsule), suggesting that P. m. macrodactylus has a direct mode of development. The embryos observed were in an early developmental stage and showed the early division of the brain and anlagen of three pairs of visceral arches. Brevicipitid reproduction and development are poorly known, but a review of the existing literature and parsimonious optimization of simple characters onto a phylogenetic framework suggest that direct development is a derived condition characterizing the whole clade.
Acidic-pH-activatable fluorescence probes for visualizing exocytosis dynamics.

Live imaging of exocytosis dynamics is crucial for a precise spatiotemporal understanding of secretion phenomena, but current approaches have serious limitations. We designed and synthesized small-molecular fluorescent probes that were chemically optimized for sensing acidic intravesicular pH values, and established that they can be used to sensitively and reliably visualize vesicular dynamics following stimulation. This straightforward technique for the visualization of exocytosis as well as endocytosis/reacidification processes with high spatiotemporal precision is expected to be a powerful tool for investigating dynamic cellular phenomena involving changes in the pH value.
A Double-Blind Crossover Study of Two Cyclobenzaprine Regimens in Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome

In a double-blind crossover study, the efficacy and tolerability of oral cyclobenzaprine administered in two different regimens were compared in 40 patients affected by primary fibromyalgia syndrome. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Each group of 20 patients was treated for 15 days with either a single dose of 10 mg/day cyclobenzaprine at bedtime or 30 mg/day cyclobenzaprine in three equal doses daily. Following treatment there was a 15-day washout period before the groups were crossed over to the other treatment. Both regimens resulted in a significant decline in the number of tender points; significant improvements were also reported in the quality of sleep, anxiety, fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome and stiffness. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the two therapeutic regimens at any stage during the trial. The frequency of reported side-effects was significantly greater (P < 0.001) when patients received 30 mg/day cyclobenzaprine (26 patients, 84%) than when they received 10 mg/day (10 patients, 27%). A dose of 10 mg cyclobenzaprine at bedtime significantly improved the symptomatology of patients affected by primary fibromyalgia syndrome. The higher dose did not further reduce these symptoms but did result in a higher incidence of side-effects.
Fair and Accountable Anonymity for the Tor Network

: The balance between security and privacy is a must for the adequate construction of e-democracy. For such a goal, information and communication networks should not be hardened at the cost of lessening privacy protection mechanisms. In addition, the deployment of such mechanisms should not pave the way for performing malicious activities. This call for security-privacy trade-offs is specially relevant in the general scope of the anonymizing networks, and in the speciﬁc case of the Tor network. Indeed, general security attacks are based on anonymous network access, which makes service providers to ban this kind of connections even when they are initiated by legitimate users. In this communication we apply group and blind signatures to address this dilemma, allowing the incorporation of access controls to the Tor network. Our procedure is enhanced by a protocol for denouncing illegitimate actions without eroding users’ privacy.
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Testing for the Diagnosis of High-Grade Cervical Abnormalities: A Systematic Review

Objective We examined the diagnostic performance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests on cervical cytology for precancerous lesions or cancer on cervical histology. Materials and Methods A search was conducted in MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus through September 3, 2013. Eleven studies examined FISH tests for telomerase RNA component gene (TERC), myelocytomatosis oncogene (MYC), or human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 or 18 in samples exhibiting atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). None examined HPV-positive, cytologically normal samples. We extracted data on the sensitivity and specificity for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2+ or CIN 3+). Results Fluorescence in situ hybridization test probes and thresholds varied across studies. Included populations were convenience samples. Only 1 study testing for TERC specified HPV status. In meta-analysis, FISH for TERC in LSIL (9 studies, 1,082 cases) had a summary sensitivity of 0.76 (95% confidence interval = 0.63–0.85) and a summary specificity of 0.78 (95% confidence interval = 0.57–0.91) for CIN 2+. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for TERC in ASC-US (3 studies, 839 cases) showed sensitivities ranging from 0.75 to 1.00 and specificities from 0.87 to 0.93 for CIN 2+. For CIN 3+, sensitivity and specificity appeared similar, although a small number of studies preclude firm conclusions. For FISH tests for HPV, we found only few studies with small sample sizes. Conclusions The evidence on FISH testing is limited given the small number of studies for each cytology subgroup and the lack of studies in well-defined screening contexts stratifying participants by HPV status.
Physiological Quality of Eggplant Seed as Influenced By Extraction Method

An experiment was conducted to evaluate and compare the seed extraction methods on physiological quality of eggplant seed in Seed Technology Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during 2012-2013 growing season. Full ripen standard size fruits (60 DAA) of eggplant var. BARI begun-5 (round shape) and BARI begun-8 (long shape) were harvested and kept in ambient condition for five days after harvest ripening to become soften and matured fully. Then seeds were extracted from the fruits by using two methods i.e. (i) wet method and (ii) dry method as experimental treatment. The treatment efficiency was evaluated from the following tests: purity, seed weight, germination, co-efficient of germination, seedling length, seedling fresh weight, electrical conductivity and seedling vigour index. The results suggest that wet seed extraction without fermentation is comparatively better then dry method in maintaining physiological quality of eggplant seeds. Dry seed extraction method is labourious as well as difficult to accomplish and may only be used for small- scale seed extraction.
Distribution of spontaneous inter-blink interval in repeated measurements with and without topical ocular anesthesia.

PURPOSE To determine if the distribution of inter-blink time intervals is constant with repeated measurements with and without topical ocular anesthesia. METHODS Inter-blink time was measured in 15 normal subjects ranging from 19 to 32 years (mean ± SD= 23.9 ± 3.20) with the magnetic search coil technique on 3 different occasions, the last one with topical ocular anesthesia. RESULTS One-way analysis of variance for repeated measurements showed that topical anesthesia significantly reduced the blink rate (blinks per minute), which was constant in the first two measurements (F=8.27, p=0.0015. First measurement: mean ± SD= 13.7 ± 7.8; second measurement: 13.1 ± 8.5 SD; with topical anesthesia: = 7.2 ± 4.6). However, distributions shape was not affected when the blink rate was reduced. The three distributions followed a Log Normal pattern, which means that the time interval between blinks was symmetrical when the time logarithm was considered. CONCLUSIONS Topical ocular anesthesia reduces the rate of spontaneous blinking, but does not change the distribution of inter-blink time interval.
Inexpensive, reliable and localization-free navigation using an RFID floor

Stigmergy is a principle observed in nature, in which animals store in the environment information to be used for communication or navigation. Stigmergy has recently been exploited in robotics: simple robots store a goal distance field in read-write RFID tags embedded in the floor, and later follow the gradient of this field to navigate optimally to that goal. Stigmergic navigation is localization-free, since robots only rely on the values read from the tags and do not need to know their own location. This makes navigation inexpensive (no ranging sensors) and reliable (no localization failures). To make this approach viable in practice, two issues need to be addressed: how to simplify the installation of an RFID floor; and how to follow the field gradient in a reliable way. This paper presents solutions to both problems. The solutions are validated through experiments performed on simulated and on real robots.