Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating Key Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Early Years Evaluation-Teacher Assessment

This research investigates key psychometric properties of the French Early Years Evaluation-Teacher Assessment measure designed to systematically assess kindergarten children across five social and academic developmental domains: awareness of self and environment, social skills and behaviour, cognitive abilities, language and communication, and physical development. New Brunswick francophone kindergarten children were recruited to assess the instrument’s internal consistency; content, construct, concurrent and discriminant validity; and linguistic bias relative to the English version. Results indicate that the French measure has strong psychometric properties, and that it can therefore be used with confidence to screen for at-risk children in francophone kindergartens.
Bearing fault diagnosis based on Alpha-stable distribution feature extraction and SVM classifier

Bearing fault diagnosis has attracted significant attention over the past few decades. It consists of two major parts: vibration signal feature extraction and condition classification for the extracted features. In this paper, Alpha-stable distribution was introduced for feature extraction from faulty bearing vibration signals. After extracting feature vectors by Alpha-stable distribution parameters, the support vector machine (SVM) was applied to automate the fault diagnosis procedure. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed method is a very powerful algorithm for bearing fault diagnosis and has much better performance.
Trajectories of Affective Response as Warning Signs for Suicide Attempts

Change in affect is widely considered a warning sign for suicidal behavior. However, no study to date has directly examined such within-person changes during the hours preceding a suicide attempt. This study aimed to identify subgroups differentiated by affective patterns leading up to their suicide attempt, determine whether types of affect can be considered warning signs among these subgroups, and identify subgroup clinical correlates. Participants included 216 suicide attempters presenting to the hospital within 24 hours of their attempt. A timeline follow-back methodology was used to assess near-term behaviors and affect prior to the attempt, and a battery of measures assessed distal clinical correlates and attempt characteristics. Four affective subgroups were identified and were distinguished by specific affective warning signs and clinical correlates. Findings indicate that affective changes are warning signs for some, but not all, suicide attempters and highlight the exceptional challenge of predicting imminent risk for suicide.
The Development and Validation of the Beliefs about Paranoia Scale (Short Form)

Background: This study reports the development and revision of the Beliefs about Paranoia Scale (BaPS), a self-report measure to assess metacognitive beliefs about paranoia in non-patients. We aimed to confirm the factor structure of a revised 50-item version of the measure and test the specific hypotheses that positive beliefs about paranoia would predict frequency of paranoia, and that negative beliefs about paranoia would predict distress associated with paranoia. Method: 185 non-patient participants completed questionnaires assessing beliefs about paranoia, thought control, self-consciousness, anxiety, depression and paranoia. Results: The results showed that the original four-factor solution could not be replicated. Instead a three-factor solution comprising Negative Beliefs about Paranoia, Paranoia as a Survival Strategy, and Normalizing Beliefs was developed. The revised 18-item measure showed good internal consistency. Stepwise regression analysis showed that, BaPS-negative beliefs accounted for 34% of the variance with R2 of 0.339, with a multiple R of 0.585 in relation to frequency of paranoia. In relation to distress arising from paranoia, stepwise regression analysis showed that BaPS-negative beliefs accounted for 34% of the variance with R2 of 0.339, with a multiple R of 0.585. In both analyses, BaPS-Survival strategy showed a small but significant incremental increase in the variance accounted for in the overall model. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a metacognitive approach to the conceptualization of paranoia as a strategy for managing interpersonal threat may have some utility. The clinical implications of the findings are also discussed.
Biogeosciences Characterization of primary biogenic aerosol particles in urban , rural , and high-alpine air by DNA sequence and restriction fragment analysis of ribosomal RNA genes

This study explores the applicability of DNA analyses for the characterization of primary biogenic aerosol (PBA) particles in the atmosphere. Samples of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and total suspended particulates (TSP) have been collected on different types of filter materials at urban, rural, and high-alpine locations along an altitude transect in the south of Germany (Munich, Hohenpeissenberg, Mt. Zugspitze). From filter segments loaded with about one milligram of air particulate matter, DNA could be extracted and DNA sequences could be determined for bacteria, fungi, plants and animals. Sequence analyses were used to determine the identity of biological organisms, and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses (T-RFLP) were applied to estimate diversities and relative abundances of bacteria. Investigations of blank and background samples showed that filter materials have to be decontaminated prior to use, and that the sampling and handling procedures have to be carefully controlled to avoid artifacts in the analyses. Mass fractions of DNA in PM2.5 were found to be around 0.05% in urban, rural, and high-alpine aerosols. The average concentration of DNA determined for urban air was on the order of∼7 ng m−3, indicating that human adults may inhale about one microgram of DNA per day (corresponding to ∼108 haploid bacterial genomes or ∼105 haploid human genomes, respectively). Most of the bacterial sequences found in PM 2.5 were from Proteobacteria(42) and some fromActinobacteria(10) and Firmicutes(1). The fungal sequences were characteristic for Ascomycota(3) and Basidiomycota(1), which are known to actively discharge spores into the atmosphere. The plant Correspondence to: V. R. Despŕ es (despres@mpch-mainz.mpg.de) sequences could be attributed to green plants (2) and moss spores (2), while animal DNA was found only for one unicellular eukaryote (protist). Over 80% of the 53 bacterial sequences could be matched to one of the 19 T-RF peaks found in the PM 2.5 samples, but only 40% of the T-RF peaks did correspond to one of the detected bacterial sequences. The results demonstrate that the T-RFLP analysis covered more of the bacterial diversity than the sequence analysis. Shannon-Weaver indices calculated from both sequence and T-RFLP data indicate that the bacterial diversity in the rural samples was higher than i the urban and alpine samples. Two of the bacterial sequences ( Gammaproteobacteria ) and five of the T-RF peaks were found at all sampling locations.
Similarity-Based Cross-Media Retrieval for Events

Our goal is to link social media content to contextually rel- evant information in complementary media in the domain of daily news. Web links from tweets with user-included URLs are transferred to URL- less tweets, using manually annotated events. The new cross-media ties establish authoritative feedback documents for unsupported social media content, and enable extracting an improved set of event-denoting terms based on longest common subsequences between tweets and documents.
SET THEORY OF INFINITE IMPERFECT INFORMATION GAMES

We survey the recent developments in the investigation of Blackwell determinacy axioms. It is generally believed that ordinary (Gale-Stewart) determinacy and Blackwell determinacy for infinite games are equivalent in a strong sense, but this conjecture (of Tony Martin’s) has not yet been proved. The paper is a snapshot of the current state-of-the-art knowledge in this area.
Noisy images-JPEG compressed: subjective and objective image quality evaluation

The aim of this work is to study image quality of both single and multiply distorted images. We address the case of images corrupted by Gaussian noise or JPEG compressed as single distortion cases and images corrupted by Gaussian noise and then JPEG compressed, as multiply distortion case. Subjective studies were conducted in two parts to obtain human judgments on the single and multiply distorted images. We study how these subjective data correlate with No Reference state-of-the-art quality metrics. We also investigate proper combining of No Reference metrics to achieve better performance. Results are analyzed and compared in terms of correlation coefficients.
Genetic mosaic analysis of a deleterious mitochondrial DNA mutation in Drosophila reveals novel aspects of mitochondrial regulation and function

A lethal mtDNA mutation affecting COX is fully rescued by AOX. The mutant genome level remains constant in the somatic tissues along the aging process in heteroplasmic flies. A genetic scheme creates tissue-specific heteroplasmy in otherwise heteroplasmic background and reveals that Ca2+ mishandling contributes to the neurodegeneration.
Spectrum sharing security and attacks in CRNs: a review

Cognitive Radio plays a major part in communication technology by resolving the shortage of the spectrum through usage of dynamic spectrum access and artificial intelligence characteristics. The element of spectrum sharing in cognitive radio is a fundamental approach in utilising free channels. Cooperatively communicating cognitive radio devices use the common control channel of the cognitive radio medium access control to achieve spectrum sharing. Thus, the common control channel and consequently spectrum sharing security are vital to ensuring security in the subsequent data communication among cognitive radio nodes. In addition to well known security problems in wireless networks, cognitive radio networks introduce new classes of security threats and challenges, such as licensed user emulation attacks in spectrum sensing and misbehaviours in the common control channel transactions, which degrade the overall network operation and performance. This review paper briefly presents the known threats and attacks in wireless networks before it looks into the concept of cognitive radio and its main functionality. The paper then mainly focuses on spectrum sharing security and its related challenges. Since spectrum sharing is enabled through usage of the common control channel, more attention is paid to the security of the common control channel by looking into its security threats as well as protection and detection mechanisms. Finally, the pros and cons as well as the comparisons of different CR-specific security mechanisms are presented with some open research issues and challenges.
The Ras–PI3K Signaling Pathway Is Involved in Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis and the Internalization of Influenza Viruses

BACKGROUND Influenza virus infection causes highly contagious, severe respiratory disorders and gives rise to thousands of deaths every year; however, the efficacy of currently approved defense strategies, including vaccines and neuraminidase inhibitors, is limited because the virus frequently acquires resistance via antigen drift and reassortment. It is therefore important to establish a novel, effective therapeutic strategy that is effective irrespective of viral subtype. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we identify the Ras-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway as a host-cell regulatory mechanism for influenza virus entry. The binding of Ras to PI3K is specifically involved in clathrin-independent endocytosis, endosomal maturation, and intracellular transport of viruses, which result in decreased infectious efficacy of different subtypes of influenza viruses in cells lacking the Ras-PI3K interaction. Moreover, influenza virus infection indeed triggered Ras activation and subsequent PI3K activation in early endosomes. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these results demonstrate that the Ras-PI3K signaling axis acts as a host-oriented mechanism for viral internalization. Given that virus incorporation is a process conserved among virus subtypes and species, this signaling pathway may provide a target for potent, well-tolerated prophylactics and therapeutics against a broad range of viruses.
Management of bleeding with oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation

Summary Fear of bleeding is a common barrier to the use of anticoagulants. Warfarin has been the only oral anticoagulant for more than 60 years and warfarin-related bleeding is reported to be the most common drug-related cause of emergency hospitalization in elderly Americans. Non-vitamin K oral antagonists were introduced five years ago and compared with warfarin are associated with lower risk of intracranial bleeding, and similar or lower case fatality after major bleeding. Despite their superior safety profile, serious bleeding can occur. Most bleeding can be managed with holding the drug, local measures to control the bleeding and transfusion support as required because the NOACs have a relatively short half life and their anticoagulant effect rapidly dissipates. In patients with ongoing bleeding despite supportive measures and in those with lifethreatening bleeding, consideration may be given to the use of general hemostatic agents. Experimental and animal evidence suggests that 3 and 4 factor prothrombin complex concentrates can improve hemostasis in the presence of a NOAC and this is reinforced by anecdotal evidence in humans. Specific antidotes are currently in phase 3 trials and could become available in the near future.
1. The Scientific Model of Causality

Causality is a very intuitive notion that is difficult to make precise without lapsing into tautology. Two ingredients are central to any definition: (1) a set of possible outcomes (counterfactuals) generated by a function of a set of ‘‘factors’’ or ‘‘determinants’’ and (2) a manipulation where one (or more) of the ‘‘factors’’ or ‘‘determinants’’ is changed. An effect is realized as a change in the argument of a stable function that produces the same change in the outcome for a class of interventions that change the ‘‘factors’’ by the same amount. The outcomes are compared at different levels of the factors or generating variables. Holding all factors save one at a constant level, the change in the outcome associated with manipulation of the varied factor is called a causal effect of the manipulated factor. This definition, or some version of it, goes back to Mill (1848) and Marshall (1890). Haavelmo’s (1943) made it more precise within the context of linear equations models. The phrase ‘ceteris paribus’ (everything else held constant) is a mainstay of economic analysis
Advanced Antenna Technology for a Broadband Ka-Band Communication Satellite

A small poultry limb, such as a turkey drumstick, is clamped to a longitudinally movable ram. The limb is thrust by the ram through a first resiliently flexible stripping device and a second stripping device. The bone passes through the stripping devices but the skin and tendons clamped to the ram are held and turned back over the ram thus exposing the meat for stripping.
Experimental Validation of a Fuzzy Adaptive Voltage Controller for Three-Phase PWM Inverter of a Standalone DG Unit

This paper investigates a disturbance observer-based fuzzy adaptive voltage controller for three-phase pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter of a standalone distributed generation (DG) unit in the existence of system uncertainties. The proposed control law includes only a voltage control loop, which has advantages such as a simple control structure and a fast transient response due to the direct control of the output voltage. Next, a disturbance observer is presented to reduce the number of the sensors and improve the control performance. Besides, the proposed strategy is insensitive to any system uncertainties, because it does not require any accurate knowledge about system parameter and load current information. Experimental results on a prototype DG unit with a TMS320F28335 DSP are demonstrated to validate the superior performance of the proposed control scheme over the conventional proportional-derivative (PD) control method and feedback linearization control (FLC) method under sudden load disturbances, system uncertainties, and nonlinear load.
Producing Intelligent Telegraphic Text Reduction to provide an Audio Scanning Service for the Blind

Text summarization is usually taken to mean producing a shorter version of an original document by retaining the most salient parts of the original text. Two approaches have been favored: selecting high contentbearing sentences influenced by positional constraints, and performing domain-dependent information extraction which fills a template from which a summary can be glossed. This paper presents a third approach to text reduction, producing shortened telegraphic versions of all input sentences. This approach shares the domain-independence advantage of the sentence selection and the one-pass advantage of information extraction template filling. We argue that this type of text reduction has some practical applications, and present the case of creating an audio scanner for the blind.
A cosmopolitan return to nature: how combining aesthetization and moralization processes expresses distinction in food consumption

ABSTRACT This article investigates how foodies' adoption of New Nordic Food enables them to combine aesthetic and moral cosmopolitanism ideals. It demonstrates that consumers integrate aesthetic and moral cosmopolitan discourses through two complementary processes: the re-aesthetization of nature and the re-moralization of the exotic. These processes combine in a cosmopolitan interest for one of the last unexplored foreign contexts: nature. The findings of this article contribute to existing research by showing that moral cosmopolitanism reflects a more individualized and less engaged form of consumption than ethical consumption. They illustrate how urban consumers perform distinction in contexts where nature is the most exotic unexplored context, highlighting further the reterritorialization of global cosmopolitan consumption, where food trends can only be consumed authentically in their context of origin. Finally, this article shows how moral cosmopolitanism can support consumers who acknowledge the need for ethical consumption yet struggle with its adoption.
The 11th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas Workshop on Interactive and Adaptive Machine Translation

This paper describes a pilot study with a computed-assisted translation workbench aiming at testing the integration of online and active learning features. We investigate the effect of these features on translation productivity, using interactive translation prediction (ITP) as a baseline. User activity data were collected from five beta testers using key-logging and eye-tracking. User feedback was also collected at the end of the experiments in the form of retrospective think-aloud protocols. We found that OL performs better than ITP, especially in terms of translation speed. In addition, AL provides better translation quality than ITP for the same levels of user effort. We plan to incorporate these features in the final version of the workbench.
Mental health symptoms as prognostic risk markers of all-cause and psychiatric sickness absence in office workers.

BACKGROUND To investigate mental health symptoms as prognostic risk markers of all-cause and psychiatric sickness absence (SA). METHODS Mental health symptoms were measured in 1137 office workers with the Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ), including scales for distress, depression, anxiety and somatization. The total number of SA days was accumulated prospectively on the individual level and high SA was defined as ≥30 SA days during 1-year follow-up. Psychiatric SA was also tallied on the individual level during 1-year follow-up. Baseline 4DSQ scores were associated with high all-cause SA and psychiatric SA by logistic regression analysis. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test and calibration slope were used to assess the accuracy of predictions by 4DSQ scores. The ability of 4DSQ scores to discriminate high-risk from low-risk employees was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS Six hundred thirty-three office workers (56%) participated in the study. All 4DSQ scales were prospectively associated with high all-cause SA and with psychiatric SA. Distress and somatization scores showed acceptable calibration, but failed to discriminate between office workers with and without high all-cause SA. The distress scale did show adequate calibration (calibration slope = 0.95) and discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.71) for psychiatric SA. CONCLUSION Distress was a valid prognostic risk marker for identifying office workers at work, but at risk of future psychiatric SA. Further research is necessary to investigate the prognostic performance of distress as risk marker of psychiatric SA in other working populations and to determine cut-off points for distress.
Nucleolar protein B23/nucleophosmin regulates the vertebrate SUMO pathway through SENP3 and SENP5 proteases

Ubiquitin-like protein/sentrin-specific proteases (Ulp/SENPs) mediate both processing and deconjugation of small ubiquitin-like modifier proteins (SUMOs). Here, we show that Ulp/SENP family members SENP3 and SENP5 localize within the granular component of the nucleolus, a subnucleolar compartment that contains B23/nucleophosmin. B23/nucleophosmin is an abundant shuttling phosphoprotein, which plays important roles in ribosome biogenesis and which has been strongly implicated in hematopoietic malignancies. Moreover, we found that B23/nucleophosmin binds SENP3 and SENP5 in Xenopus laevis egg extracts and that it is essential for stable accumulation of SENP3 and SENP5 in mammalian tissue culture cells. After either codepletion of SENP3 and SENP5 or depletion of B23/nucleophosmin, we observed accumulation of SUMO proteins within nucleoli. Finally, depletion of these Ulp/SENPs causes defects in ribosome biogenesis reminiscent of phenotypes observed in the absence of B23/nucleophosmin. Together, these results suggest that regulation of SUMO deconjugation may be a major facet of B23/nucleophosmin function in vivo.
EVIDENCE FOR DISK PHOTOEVAPORATION DRIVEN BY THE CENTRAL STAR

The lifetime of isolated protoplanetary disks is thought to be set by the combination of viscous accretion and photoevaporation driven by stellar high-energy photons. Observational evidence for magnetospheric accretion in young Sun-like stars is robust. Here we report the first observational evidence for disk photoevaporation driven by the central star. We acquired high-resolution (R∼ 30,000) spectra of the [Ne ii] 12.81 μm line from seven circumstellar disks using VISIR on Melipal/VLT. We show that the three transition disks in the sample all have [Ne ii] line profiles consistent with those predicted by a photoevaporative flow driven by stellar extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) photons. The ∼6 km s−1 blueshift of the line from the almost face-on disk of TW Hya is clearly inconsistent with emission from a static disk atmosphere and convincingly points to the presence of a photoevaporative wind. We do not detect any [Ne ii] line close to the stellar velocity from the sample of classical optically thick (nontransition) disks. We conclude that most of the spectrally unresolved [Ne ii] emission in these less-evolved systems arises from jets/outflows rather than from the disk. The pattern of the [Ne ii] detections and nondetections suggests that EUV-driven photoevaporation starts only at a later stage in the disk evolution.