Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Calcitonin Gene–related Peptide Is Involved in Inflammatory Pain but Not in Postoperative Pain

Background:The aim of this study was to clarify the roles of calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) in postoperative pain and inflammatory pain. Methods:&agr;CGRP knockout mice that the authors have developed and wild-type mice were used. Pain behaviors were assessed after incision and complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) injection. Changes in CGRP and c-Fos expression in the dorsal horn were also examined. Results:Guarding pain scores in &agr;CGRP knockout mice were lower than those in wild-type mice at 24 h (3.8 ± 1.6 vs. 6.8 ± 1.5, P = 0.044) and 48 h (1.8 ± 1.7 vs. 6.0 ± 1.5, P = 0.001) after CFA injection (n = 8 to 9). Withdrawal latencies to heat stimulation in &agr;CGRP knockout mice were higher than those in wild-type mice at 24 to 72 h after CFA injection (4.9 ± 1.0 vs. 3.4 ± 0.8 at 24 h, P = 0.04; 5.1 ± 0.3 vs. 3.2 ± 0.9 at 48 h, P = 0.047; and 5.4 ± 1.6 vs. 3.5 ± 0.5 s at 72 h, P = 0.045) (n = 11 to 13), but withdrawal thresholds to mechanical stimulation were comparable. CGRP expression was increased at 24 h after CFA injection in wild-type mice, and the c-Fos–positive profile was increased at 4 h after CFA injection (ipsilateral vs. contralateral: 12.3 ± 4.6 vs. 1.3 ± 1.9, P < 0.0001) and maintained at 24 h (10.0 ± 4.1 vs. 0.8 ± 1.3, P < 0.0001) (n = 4 to 6). Conclusion:These results suggest that contribution of the &agr;CGRP system depends on the modality of pain and the stage of inflammation.
QASR: question answering using semantic roles for speech interface

In this paper, we evaluate a semantic role labeling approach to the extraction of answers in the open domain question answering task. We show that this technique especially improves the system performance when answers are communicated to the user by voice. Semantic role labeling identifies predicates and semantic argument phrases in a sentence. With this information we are able to analyze and extract structure from both questions and candidate sentences, which helps us identify more relevant and precise answers in a long list of candidate sentences. When searching for an answer to a question, we match the missing argument in the question to the semantic parses of the candidate answers. This technique significantly improves the accuracy of the question answering system and results in more concise and grammatical answers, which is essential for enabling voice interfaces to question answering systems. In this paper we apply our approach to factoid questions containing predicates; however, this technique can be also useful in answering more complex questions. Index Terms: question answering, semantic roles
Binary Data Compression with and without Side Information at the Decoder: the Syndrome-Based Approach Using Off-the-Shelf Turbo Codecs

This invention provides a system for recording operation data of a machine, wherein a program for converting signals stored through a sensor or measuring means into operation data in conformity with the increase or alteration of the sensor or measuring means due to the operation status of the machine or to the type of the component of the machine is preliminarily stored in one or separate card-type external memory or other transportable external memory. The terminal of the system is designed to allow an connection of various kinds of the sensor or measuring means. Accordingly, it is possible to conduct processing and recording of various kinds of operation data by exchanging the external memory stored with a prescribed operation data-processing program, or by changing the writing of the program. It is also possible to record operation data in the external memory stored with the operation data-processing program after the program is read out to simplify the operation of an operator.
Isotropic models of evolution with symmetries

We consider isotropic Markov models on (phylogenetic) trees whose models of evolution are symmetric, that is invariant with respect to a transi- tive group of permutations of letters whose evolution we consider. Transitivity of the action of the group of symmetries implies strong bounds on the space of parameters of such a model. A special consideration is given to groups of symmetries containing large abelian subgroups. We prove that only hyperbinary models have abelian groups of symmetries. Using GAP, a computer algebra program, we calculate a complete classiﬁcation of symmetric isotropic models on d letters, where d ≤ 9.
Ultra-low power wireless-online-monitoring platform for transmission line in smart grid

With the development of intelligent power grid, an ultra-low power wireless monitoring platform applied on the tower is designed to improve the level of management and operation of transmission lines. Towers operating status and fault conditions could be monitored online by it. As a result of the level of 10mW power dissipation of MSP430 microcontroller and the Wake on Radio (WOR) Wireless communication module, the platform installed on the towers has the features of low power consumption and small size. A number of transmission line parameters can be monitored by the platform, such as lightning stroke flashover, pollution flashover, ice coating flashover, lightning stroke current, temperature, wind speed, and etc. The real-time data is transferred to the remote service supervising center progressively using custom wireless communication protocol. Power system managers in the monitoring center could be access to all the towers status and flashover fault conditions, and grasp the information of electric lines and deal with line faults timely, which could promote the intelligent management of the power grid. A transmission line tower flashover on-line monitoring device which can detect tower flashover current and fault-time is developed with the application of the monitoring platform.
A novel zero-voltage-switching approach for predictive boundary conduction mode PFC converter

This paper presents a novel zero-voltage-switching approach for predictive boundary conduction mode PFC converter for LED lighting. In the proposed method, instead of being detected by a sensing circuit, the switching off-time for achieving zero-voltage-switching is determined by analytical equations of PFC converter. Therefore, the efficiency reduction caused by sensing circuit can be eliminated and the switching losses of MOSFET can be minimized. Experimental results demonstrate that the efficiency is indeed improved.
Change and expectations in macroeconomic models: recognizing the limits to knowability

This paper argues that contemporary macroeconomic and finance models suffer from insuperable epistemological flaws and that their empirical difficulties – which are particularly apparent in modeling market participants' expectations – can be traced to economists' core premise that they can adequately specify in probabilistic terms how individuals alter the way they make decisions and how the processes underpinning market outcomes unfold over time. We refer to such accounts of change as determinate. The first part examines how this core premise has derailed the development of macroeconomic analysis for the last four decades. The second part sketches how imperfect knowledge economics (IKE) jettisons conventional models' core premise and how doing so helps to overcome these models' epistemological flaws. By opening economic models to change, that is, at least in part, indeterminate, and by recognizing imperfect knowledge on the part of economists, IKE explores the frontier of what empirically relevant mathematical macroeconomic and finance models can deliver.
Structural insight into the h TERT intron 6 sequence d(GGGGTGAAAGGGG) from 1H-NMR study

The interest in DNA quadruplex structures has been fueled by the recognition that telomeres, the 3′ single stranded guanine-rich overhangs found at the termini of chromosomes, are likely to form G-tetrads type structures important in cell senescence and cancer. In addition to their presence in telomeres, where they may play a role in maintaining the stability and integrity of chromosomes, guanine-rich regions are found in other region of the genome, amongst these is intron 6 of hTERT a gene codifying for the enzyme telomerase. Interestingly, the formation of G-quadruplexes in this region is involved in the down-regulation of telomerase activity caused by an alteration of the hTERT splicing pattern. Therefore, we have analyzed several sequences of that intron by 1H-NMR and CD spectroscopy, and we have found that the sequence d(GGGGTGAAAGGGG) is able to fold in a single well-defined antiparallel quadruplex structure consisting of four G-tetrads, possessing a twofold symmetry, and containing four Gs in a syn glycosidic conformation.
Comparison of the immediate early polypeptides of human cytomegalovirus isolates.

Summary The in vivo and in vitro synthesized immediate early (IE) polypeptides of three isolates of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) have been compared by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Of the 11 IE polypeptides detected early in infection, one was very abundant and had a different apparent mol. wt. depending on the isolate. This difference may be useful in the classification of CMV into strains.
An empirical investigation on MPI open source applications

Parallel programming is a computing paradigm that gains more and more adopters each year. Embracing parallel programming means in most of the cases the usage of a particular library that allows to add parallelism and concurrency to applications. Unfortunately there still is little knowledge about how parallel libraries are used in practice and without such information it is quite hard to promote them, for example, in terms of the importance of their provided functionalities. In this paper we focus on the usages of MPI, one of the most popular model facilitating parallel programming. By addressing research questions regarding the usage of MPI constructs as well as the structural complexity of MPI open source applications we aim to encourage new developers to embrace MPI, as well as to consider adopting open source systems which rely on MPI.
Choroidal Melanoma: Enucleation or Observation? A New Approach

• Application of the knowledge of growth rate of malignant neoplasms on choroidal melanomas shows that (1) fatalities within two years after enucleation only exceptionally can be due to dissemination of tumor cells during enucleation because the growth rate of uveal melanomas generally is far too low; (2) the apparent relationship between enucleation and death by metastasis actually is a relationship in time between diagnosis of the primary tumor and death by metastasis; (3) simultaneous diagnosis of the primary tumor and its metastases rarely is possible; (4) long intervals between enucleation and death by metastasis are explained by a low growth rate of metastases. Early enucleation, especially of small melanomas, is obligatory, because it prevents (further) dissemination of tumor cells. Preoperative local radiotherapy of two doses of 400 rads each will devitalize about 90% of the primary cells and largely will prevent possible iatrogenic dissemination.
Job characteristics and biases in subordinates' appraisals of managers

This article develops a general model relating job characteristics to biases in the perception of managers' abilities. A 2 x 2 x 2 between-subjects design was used to vary managerial task complexity, subordinate task complexity, and managers' rates of giving orders. The subjects were 216 upper-level undergraduate students who were randomly assigned to 72 three-person groups. Relative, but not absolute, levels of task complexity biased subordinates' evaluations of managers. This finding is consistent with equity theory and with leadership theories that emphasize the relative contributions of leaders and group members. Procedures that increased order-giving increased subordinates' appraisals of managers when managers performed either relatively more or relatively less complex work than did subordinates, but had no effect under equal complexity conditions. The results are discussed in terms of leader-member exchange theories and contingency theories of leadership (Dienesch & Liden, 1986; Fiedler & Chemers, 1.
Depressive symptoms in black and Puerto Rican adolescent mothers in the first 3 years postpartum

Abstract While depressive symptoms in adolescent mothers may affect both their own and their babies' development, little research has focused on the mothers. Self-reported symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory were collected at 1, 6, 12, and 28–36 months postpartum. Concurrent and reciprocal longitudinal relations among symptom levels, stressful life events, and social supports were investigated. Symptom levels declined over the four assessments, with changes in somatic, rather than cognitive affective, symptoms accounting for the decrease. Stressful life events and all sources of social supports predicted concurrent levels of depressive symptoms, but only social supports predicted declines in symptoms in the first year postpartum. Reciprocally, depressive symptoms tended (p = .06) to predict increases in stressful life events over time. Mothers were also categorized as reporting few (50%), intermittent (27.5%), or chronic (22.5%) symptoms in the first 12 months postpartum. Intermittently and chronically depressed mothers perceived their own mothers as less accepting than nondepressed mothers. Compared to nondepressed and intermittently depressed mothers, chronically depressed mothers also reported more stressful life events, were more likely to live alone, and experienced more moves by 28–36 months postpartum. The reciprocal causal relations among depressive symptoms, stress, and attachments to grandmothers and peers are discussed.
Demography of Problem Behavior in Elementary Schools

The complex mix of systematic and unsystematic discipline that characterizes most schools creates heightened potential for variation and violation in school and classroom behavior. The challenge of maintaining order intensifies with teachers' concerns about the growing inclusion of students with emotional and behavioral problems in general education classrooms and the general levels of diversity common in America's schools. Little is known about the demography (i.e., who, what, where, when, how) of behavior requiring attention from administrators and other professionals in elementary schools. The need for comprehensive and continuous monitoring of what goes on in schools within the context of increasing appropriate behavior and reducing inappropriate behavior is clear. In this research, we investigated the extent of variation in problem behavior at the school and classroom level. We evaluated office referrals, reasons for removing students from the classroom for discipline, and consistency of reasons for office referrals in schools using different recording systems. Rates of referral differed greatly among teachers within schools and a small group of students accounted for most of the documented behavior problems. The results have implications for efforts to improve academic and behavior instruction in elementary classrooms, which we discuss.
Attention-based Information Fusion using Multi-Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural Networks

With the rising number of interconnected devices and sensors, modeling distributed sensor networks is of increasing interest. Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are considered particularly well suited for modeling sensory and streaming data. When predicting future behavior, incorporating information from neighboring sensor stations is often beneficial. We propose a new RNN based architecture for context specific information fusion across multiple spatially distributed sensor stations. Hereby, latent representations of multiple local models, each modeling one sensor station, are jointed and weighted, according to their importance for the prediction. The particular importance is assessed depending on the current context using a separate attention function. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on three different real-world sensor network datasets.
In-vitro quantification of rat liver viscoelasticity with shear wave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry

As a new imaging method for tissue mechanical properties, ultrasound elastography has always been the research focus in the field of medical ultrasound imaging ever since it has been proposed. This paper developed an ultrasound viscoelasticity measurement system based on shear wave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (SDUV). This system applied acoustic radiation force to excite harmonic vibration in soft tissue. The propagation of the shear wave induced by the vibration was detected and the tissue viscoelasticity properties were calculated. Based on this system, rat livers were measured in vitro. The results shows that the system can measure the viscoelasticity reliably, offering a potential alternative to diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
Anxiety, Hostile Attributions, and Differences in Heart Rate Response to Ambiguous Situational Vignettes in Adolescents

Theoretically, subjective levels of anxiety and hostile attributions of intent may affect physiological responding to ambiguous social situations. This study examined youths’ (n = 80 aged 11–17 years; 51% female; 37.5% African American) physiological responding (i.e., heart rate [HR]) to a series of animated vignettes depicting ambiguous social situations. Anxiety, aggression, hostile attributional bias (HAB), and their interactions were tested as predictors of differential physiological responding to the vignettes. Results indicated that there was differential physiological responding to the vignettes such that, as predicted, participants’ hearts rates showed a pattern of deceleration followed by acceleration, similar to a threat response. There was support for elevated anxiety as a significant predictor of responses, but only among those participants with higher levels of HABs such that HRs remained elevated with very little deceleration across time. These results suggest a pattern of physiological hyperarousal and blunted reactivity for those with high anxiety and HABs indicating that that youths’ interpretation of a situation may interact with subjective levels of anxiety to predict heart rate responses.
A semantics for weakly encapsulated search in functional logic programs

Encapsulated search is a key feature of (functional) logic languages. It allows the programmer to access and process different results of a non-deterministic computation within a program. Unfortunately, due to advanced operational features (lazy evaluation, partial values, infinite structures), there is no straightforward definition of the semantics of encapsulated search in functional logic languages. As a consequence, various proposals and implementations are available but a rigorous definition covering all semantical aspects does not exist. In this paper, we analyze the requirements of encapsulated search in a functional logic language like Curry and provide a comprehensive definition that covers weak encapsulation, a modular form of encapsulation, as well as nested applications of search operators. We set up a denotational semantics that distinguishes non-termination and different levels of failures in a computation. The semantics is also the basis of a practical implementation of search operators in the functional logic language Curry.
ATA-Sem: Chunk-based Determination of Semantic Text Similarity

This paper describes investigations into using syntactic chunk information as the basis for determining the similarity of candidate texts at the semantic level. Two approaches were considered. The first was a corpus-based method that extracted lexical and semantic features from pairs of chunks from each sentence that were associated through a chunk alignment algorithm. The features were used as input to a classifier trained on the same features extracted from a corpus of gold standard training data. The second approach involved breadth-first chunk association and the application of a rule-based scoring algorithm. Both approaches were evaluated against the test data for the SemEval 2012 Semantic Text Similarity task. The results show that the rule-based chunk approach is superior.
Prognostic value of tissue protein expression levels of MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) in Danish ovarian cancer patients. From the ‘MALOVA’ ovarian cancer study

The primary objective of this study was to assess the expression of MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) in tumour tissues from 808 patients with epithelial ovarian tumours. The second was to evaluate, whether MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) tissue expression levels correlate with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of the disease. Using tissue arrays (TA), we analysed the MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression levels in tissues from 202 women with borderline ovarian tumours (BOT) (177 stage I, 5 stage II, 19 stage III, 1 stage IV) and 606 ovarian cancer (OC) patients (177 stage I, 64 stage II, 311 stage III, 54 stage IV). Using a 10% cut‐off level for MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) overexpression, 12% of the BOTs and 51% of the OCs were positive for MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression. The frequency of MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression‐positive OC increased with increasing FIGO stage (p = 0.003), increasing histological grade (p ≤ 0.0001), and a significantly different distribution of MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) positive and negative tumours were found in adenocarcinoma NOS, serous adenocarcinomas, mucinous adenocarcinomas, endometrioid adenocarcinomas, non‐epithelial and clear‐cell carcinomas (p = 0.016). Univariate Kaplan–Meier survival analysis performed on all OC cases showed a significant shorter disease specific survival in patients with positive MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression in the tumour tissue (p ≤ 0.0001). In a Cox survival analysis including 606 FIGO stages I to IV OC cases, FIGO stage (II vs I: HR = 3.00, 95% CI: 1.81–4.99, III–I: HR = 6.41, 95% CI: 3.90–10.50, IV vs I: HR = 12.69, 95% CI: 7.21–22); age at diagnosis pr.10 years (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15–1.40), residual tumour after surgery (HR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40–2.73) and MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.08–1.60) had a significant independent impact on survival. Histological grade (p = 0.14) and histological tumour type (p = 0.35) had no significant independent impact on survival. In conclusion, our results predict that an increased level of MIB‐1 (Ki‐67) expression in tumour tissue, points to a less favourable outcome for OC patients.
Assessing In-vivo IVUS Tissue Classification accuracy between Normalized Image Reconstruction and RF Analysis

In this paper we present a novel framework for classification of the different kind of tissues in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) data. We describe a normalized reconstruction process for IVUS images from radio frequency (RF) signals. The reconstructed data is described in terms of texture based features and feeds an ECOC-Adaboost learning process. In the same manner, the RF signals are characterized using Autoregressive models, and classified with a similar learning process. A comparison is performed among these techniques using two different cross validations schemes: 50 rounds of 90-10-Holdout and Leave One Patient Out obtaining very promising results.
Quaternary amplitude optical packets generated by four-wave mixing: Power level optimization

A recent proposal suggests that four-wave mixing may be used to generate quaternary amplitude optical packets. We consider the reception of these packets and determine the optimal power level spacing that minimizes the bit error rate under the dominance of signal dependent noise. Results indicate a sensitivity of −23 dBm for a 12.5 GBaud optical packet.