Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using class-dependent projection for text categorization

Text categorization presents unique challenges to traditional classification methods due to the large number of features inherited in the dataseis from real-world applications of text categorization. This paper presents a simple but effective classifier for text categorization using class-dependent projection based approach. By projecting onto a set of individual subspaces, the samples belonging to different document classes are separated such that they are easily to be classified. This is achieved by developing a supervised feature weighting algorithm to learn the optimized subspaces for each document class. The experiments carried out on common benchmarking corpus have shown that the proposed method achieves higher classification accuracy than some distinguishing classifiers in text categorization.
Evaluation of an Algorithm for the Recognition and Classification of Proper Names

We describe an information extraction system in which four classes of naming expressions - organisation, person, location and time names - are recognised and classified with nearly 92% combined precision and recall. The system applies a mixture of techniques to perform this task and these are described in detail. We have quantitatively evaluated the system against a blind test set of Wall Street Journal business articles and report results not only for the system as a whole, but for each component technique and for each class of name. These results show that in order to have high recall, the system needs to make use not only of information internal to the naming expression but also information from outside the name. They also show that the contribution of each system component varies from one class of name expression to another.
Measurement of Peptide Binding to MHC Class II Molecules by Fluorescence Polarization

Peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecules is a key process in antigen presentation and CD4+ T cell epitope selection. This unit describes a fairly simple but powerful fluorescence polarization‐based binding competition assay to measure peptide binding to soluble recombinant MHCII molecules. The binding of a peptide of interest to MHCII molecules is assessed based on its ability to inhibit the binding of a fluorescence‐labeled probe peptide, with the strength of binding characterized as IC50 (concentration required for 50% inhibition of probe peptide binding). Data analysis related to this method is discussed. In addition, this unit includes a support protocol for fluorescence labeling peptide using an amine‐reactive probe. The advantage of this protocol is that it allows simple, fast, and high‐throughput measurements of binding for a large set of peptides to MHCII molecules. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. 106:5.10. 1‐5.10. 12. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mechanical properties of sheet metal components with local reinforcement produced by additive manufacturing

New technological challenges like electro-mobility pose an increasing demand for cost-efficient processes for the production of product variants. This demand opens the possibility to combine established die-based manufacturing methods and innovative, dieless technologies like additive manufacturing [1, 2]. In this context, additive manufacturing technologies allow for the weight-efficient local reinforcement of parts before and after forming, enabling manufacturers to produce product variants from series parts [3]. Previous work by the authors shows that the optimal shape of the reinforcing structure can be determined using sizing optimization. Sheet metal parts can then be reinforced using laser metal deposition. The material used is a pearlite-reduced, micro-alloyed steel (ZE 630). The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of the additive manufacturing process on the material behavior and the mechanical properties of the base material and the resulting composite material. The parameters of the AM process are optimized to reach similar material properties in the base material and the build-up volume. A metallographic analysis of the parts is presented, where the additive layers, the base material and also the bonding between the additive layers and the base material are analyzed. The paper shows the feasibility of the approach and details the resulting mechanical properties and performance.New technological challenges like electro-mobility pose an increasing demand for cost-efficient processes for the production of product variants. This demand opens the possibility to combine established die-based manufacturing methods and innovative, dieless technologies like additive manufacturing [1, 2]. In this context, additive manufacturing technologies allow for the weight-efficient local reinforcement of parts before and after forming, enabling manufacturers to produce product variants from series parts [3]. Previous work by the authors shows that the optimal shape of the reinforcing structure can be determined using sizing optimization. Sheet metal parts can then be reinforced using laser metal deposition. The material used is a pearlite-reduced, micro-alloyed steel (ZE 630). The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of the additive manufacturing process on the material behavior and the mechanical properties of the base material and the resulting composite material. The parameters of the AM .
Investigation of PV soiling and condensation in desert environments via outdoor microscopy

Soiling of photovoltaic (PV) modules greatly degrades their performance in desert environments. Previous field studies have tended to find weak correlations between the soiling rate and weather parameters. It was thought that one reason was the long measurement interval — days or weeks — of conventional field soiling measurement techniques. In the present study, an “outdoor soiling microscope” (OSM) was developed able to measure deposition and detachment of individual dust particles, every 10 minutes, in outdoor conditions, day and night. By using a greased and ungreased pair of OSMs, it was further possible to separate soiling into three component dust flux rates — deposition, immediate rebound, and delayed resuspension. OSMs were used to measure flux rates in field experiments in Doha, Qatar. The novel method revealed explanatory effects of environmental parameters that had previously been obscured by limits of conventional long soiling measurement intervals and confounded dust flux rates. The OSM could also measure the onset and growth of microscopic condensation droplets in field and laboratory settings. Such experiments, along with isotherm measurements and composition analysis, demonstrated that condensation on soiled surfaces at the test site was strongly influenced by the presence of hygroscopic matter in the dust other than NaCl. Because of such matter, microscopic condensation could persist on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces well above the dew-point temperature. Results of the study suggest that soiling of PV modules might be mitigated by taking advantage of natural time-of-day variations in weather conditions.
Pharmacological Activities of Coccinia Grandis: Review

Many traditional medicines in use are obtained from medicinal plants, minerals and organic matter. During the past several years, there has been increasing interest among the uses of various medicinal plants from the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of different ailments. Coccinia grandis has been used in traditional medicine as a household remedy for various diseases. The whole plant of Coccinia grandis having pharmacological activities like analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, antidyslipidemic, anticancer, antitussive, mutagenic. The present review gives botany, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of coccinia grandis.
CTCF-binding sites within the H19 ICR differentially regulate local chromatin structures and cis-acting functions

It is generally assumed that CTCF-binding sites are synonymous with the demarcation of expression domains by promoting the formation of chromatin loops. We have proposed earlier, however, that such features may be context-dependent. In support of this notion, we show here that chromatin loop structures, impinging on CTCF-binding sites 1/2 and 3/4 at the 5′ and 3′-ends, respectively, within the maternal allele of the H19 imprinting control region (ICR), differ significantly. Although abrogation of CTCF binding to the maternal H19 ICR allele results in loss of chromatin loops in the 3′-region, there is a dramatic gain of long-range chromatin loops impinging on the 5′-region. As the degree of occupancy of its four CTCF-binding sites discriminates between the chromatin insulator and replication timing functions, we submit that the CTCF-binding sites within the H19 ICR are functionally diverse and organize context-dependent higher order chromatin conformations.
Cognitive frailty: a potential target for secondary prevention of dementia

Geriatric Unit & Laboratory of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, “Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico”, Tricase, Italy; Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy; Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Estimation of STBC-MIMO Radio Channel at 2.4 GHz in Underground Mine Gallery

This paper investigates the radio link performance of wireless system combining multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and space time block coding (STBC) techniques, while implementing the least-squares (LS) and the minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimators based on time domain channel statics with pilot symbols arrangement. The key feature of this work is to study such an issue in Wireless Underground Communication (WUC) for SISO (single-input single-output), MISO (multiple-input single-output) and MIMO channels. The MIMO-STBC underground system performance degradation due to the application of LS and MMSE estimators is compared for the three underground channel cases, by measuring the bit error rate (BER) with different modulation schemes.
The Future of the University

I am not a prophet, nor can I look into the future – not even at the end of this productive conference on essential changes in the higher education system. When the work situation of the academic profession, its diversification and academic freedom are at issue, the university as a whole is called into question, at least the university as we have known and appreciated it for a long time. Will that university have a future? This is not clear at all, especially when we consider the managerial university and the ever increasing marketisation of all aspects of university life. In the following, I present a few remarks about the continuously fading theory of the university, centred on the keywords education, university, universality, and quality.
Study and Simulation of SOI n-MOSFET Transistor Single Gate using SILVACO Software

MOS Technology on massive substrate played a critical task during micro-electronic evolution. The regular reduction of transistors sizes leads today to nanometric devices. With this reduction, some parasitic physical effects, previously with no importance, became mostly amplified, leading to the end of MOSFETs technology on massive substrate. SOI technology gives a good alternative to that miniaturization. SOI technology allows the reduction of short channel effects that appear in nanometer devices (under 50nm node) and also allows micro-electronic evolution to continue. In this paper, we present simulation results we obtained using SILVACO TCAD tools relating to SOI n-MOSFET structures we have consider. We will also exhibit some simulation results we obtained relating to the influence of some parameters variation on our structure, that having a direct impact on their drain current.
N ov 1 99 9 MOMENT MAPS AND RIEMANNIAN SYMMETRIC PAIRS

We study Hamiltonian actions of a compact Lie group on a symplectic manifold in the presence of an involution on the group and an antisymplectic involution on the manifold. The fixed-point set of the involution on the manifold is a Lagrangian submanifold. We investigate its image under the moment map and conclude that the intersection with the Weyl chamber is an easily described subpolytope of the Kirwan polytope. Of special interest is the integral Kähler case, where much stronger results are true. In particular, we obtain convexity theorems for closures of orbits of the noncompact dual group (in the sense of the theory of symmetric pairs). In the abelian case these results were obtained earlier by Duistermaat. We derive explicit inequalities for polytopes associated with real flag varieties.
Average level crossing rate and fade duration of maximal ratio diversity in unbalanced and correlated channels

The average level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade duration (AFD) of a maximal ratio combining (MRC) system, operating on unbalanced Rayleigh fading branches are derived in closed-form for dual-branch diversity, and as a single definite integral for three-fold diversity and as a two-fold definite integral for four-fold diversity. The more general case where the Rayleigh or Ricean diversity branches have arbitrary cross-correlations is examined and it is shown that it can be converted to an equivalent independent and unequal power case. Analytical results for the average LCR and AFD of MRC in correlated Rayleigh fading are presented.
Regulation of Lipid Biosynthesis, Sliding Motility, and Biofilm Formation by a Membrane-Anchored Nucleoid-Associated Protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

ABSTRACT Bacteria use a number of small basic proteins for organization and compaction of their genomes. By their interaction with DNA, these nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) also influence gene expression. Rv3852, a NAP of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is conserved among the pathogenic and slow-growing species of mycobacteria. Here, we show that the protein predominantly localizes in the cell membrane and that the carboxy-terminal region with the propensity to form a transmembrane helix is necessary for its membrane localization. The protein is involved in genome organization, and its ectopic expression in Mycobacterium smegmatis resulted in altered nucleoid morphology, defects in biofilm formation, sliding motility, and change in apolar lipid profile. We demonstrate its crucial role in regulating the expression of KasA, KasB, and GroEL1 proteins, which are in turn involved in controlling the surface phenotypes in mycobacteria.
Membrane quantum particle swarm optimisation for cognitive radio spectrum allocation

To design a novel intelligence algorithm for spectrum allocation problem, a membrane quantum particle swarm optimisation (MQPSO) is proposed. The proposed MQPSO algorithm applies the theory of membrane computing to quantum particle swarm optimisation (QPSO), which is an effective discrete optimisation algorithm. Then the proposed MQPSO algorithm is used to solve spectrum allocation problems of cognitive radio system. By hybridising the QPSO and membrane theory, the quantum state and measure state of the quantum particle can be well evolved in membrane structure. The new spectrum allocation algorithm can search global optimal solution. Simulation results for cognitive radio system are provided to show that the designed spectrum allocation method is superior to some previous spectrum allocation algorithms.
Justified Recommendations based on Content and Rating Data

Providing justification to a recommendation gives credibility to a recommender system. Some recommender systems (Amazon.com etc.) try to explain their recommendations, in an effort to regain customer acceptance and trust. But their explanations are poor and unjustified, because they are based solely on rating or navigational data, ignoring the content data. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that attains simultaneously accurate and justifiable recommendations. We construct a feature profile for the users, to reveal their favorite features. Moreover, we create biclusters (i.e. group of users which exhibit highly correlated ratings on groups of items) to exploit partial matching between the preferences of the test user and each community of users. We have evaluated the quality of our justifications with an objective metric in a real data set, showing the superiority of the proposed approach. We also conducted a user study to measure users’ satisfaction against the existing and our proposed justification style. The user study shows that our justification style is users’ favorite choice.
O2 Regulates Skeletal Muscle Progenitor Differentiation through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT Signaling

ABSTRACT Skeletal muscle stem/progenitor cells, which give rise to terminally differentiated muscle, represent potential therapies for skeletal muscle diseases. Delineating the factors regulating these precursors will facilitate their reliable application in human muscle repair. During embryonic development and adult regeneration, skeletal muscle progenitors reside in low-O2 environments before local blood vessels and differentiated muscle form. Prior studies established that low O2 levels (hypoxia) maintained muscle progenitors in an undifferentiated state in vitro, although it remained unclear if progenitor differentiation was coordinated with O2 availability in vivo. In addition, the molecular signals linking O2 to progenitor differentiation are incompletely understood. Here we show that the muscle differentiation program is repressed by hypoxia in vitro and ischemia in vivo. Surprisingly, hypoxia can significantly impair differentiation in the absence of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), the primary developmental effectors of O2. In order to maintain the undifferentiated state, low O2 levels block the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway in a predominantly HIF1α-independent fashion. O2 deprivation affects AKT activity by reducing insulin-like growth factor I receptor sensitivity to growth factors. We conclude that AKT represents a key molecular link between O2 and skeletal muscle differentiation.
Collaborative service evaluation with the TwoHop trust framework

The TwoHop trust framework is a collaborative system for computing trust towards service providers in a peer-to-peer network. TwoHop participants share their trust information so that peers without prior interaction may establish indirect trust relationships. TwoHop imposes a limit of two hops on trust delegation chains, which allows for increased efficiency in the trust calculation process. In addition, it provides multiple edges between nodes in the trust graph, allowing for the existence of both service evaluations and recommendations for service evaluators. In this paper, we present an improved version of the TwoHop trust calculation algorithm along with a formal description of its model of trust. We evaluate its key characteristics against those of other trust frameworks and compare it with the EigenTrust algorithm and to an improved version of the PeerTrust algorithm in terms of performance. Our simulation results indicate the robustness of our design against dishonest participants and its ability to scale to accommodate the needs of large peer-to-peer networks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inhibitory effect of polyphenolic-rich extract from Cola nitida (Kolanut) seed on key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes and Fe(2+) induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of phenolic-rich extracts from Cola nitida (C. nitida) seeds on key enzymes linked with type-2 diabetes and Fe(2+) induced oxidative stress in rat pancreas. METHODS The phenolic extract was prepared with 80% acetone (v/v). Subsequently, the antioxidant properties and inhibitory effect of the extract on α - amylase and α - glucosidase as well as on Fe(2+) induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas were determined in vitro. RESULTS The result revealed that C. nitida extract inhibited α-amylase (EC50=0.34 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (EC50=0.32 mg/mL) activities as well as Fe(2+) induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in a dose dependent manner. In addition, the extract had high DPPH radical scavenging ability (EC50=2.2 mg/mL) and reducing power (8.2 mg AAE/g). Characterization of the main phenolic compounds of the extract using gas chromatography analysis revealed catechin (6.6 mg/100 g), epicatechin (3.6 mg/100 g), apigenin (5.1 mg/100 g) and naringenin (3.6 mg/100 g) were the main compounds in the extract. CONCLUSIONS This antioxidant and enzyme inhibition could be some of the possible mechanism by which C. nitida is use in folklore for the management/treatment of type-2 diabetes. However, the enzyme inhibitory properties of the extract could be attributed to the presence of catechin, epicatechin, apigenin and naringenin.
Metaboreflex activation delays heart rate recovery after aerobic exercise in never‐treated hypertensive men

Recent evidence indicates that metaboreflex regulates heart rate recovery after exercise (HRR). An increased metaboreflex activity during the post‐exercise period might help to explain the reduced HRR observed in hypertensive subjects. Using lower limb circulatory occlusion, the present study showed that metaboreflex activation during the post‐exercise period delayed HRR in never‐treated hypertensive men compared to normotensives. These findings may be relevant for understanding the physiological mechanisms associated with autonomic dysfunction in hypertensive men.
A search for predictive understanding of plant responses to elevated [ CO 2 ]

This paper reviews two decades of effort by the scientific community in a search for predictive understanding of plant responses to elevated [CO2]. To evaluate the progress of research in leaf photosynthesis, plant respiration, root nutrient uptake, and carbon partitioning, we divided scientific activities into four phases: (I) initial assessments derived from our existing knowledge base to provide frameworks for experimental studies; (II) experimental tests of the initial assessments; (III) in cases where assessments were invalidated, synthesis of experimental results to stimulate alternative hypotheses and further experimentation; and (IV) formation of new knowledge. This paper suggests that photosynthetic research may have gone through all four phases, considering that (a) variable responses of photosynthesis to [CO2] are generally explainable, (b) extrapolation of leaf-level studies to the global scale has been examined, and (c) molecular studies are under way. Investigation of plant respiratory responses to [CO2] has reached the third phase: experimental results have been accumulated, and mechanistic approaches are being developed to examine alternative hypotheses in search for new concepts and/or new quantitative frameworks to understand respiratory responses to elevated [CO2]. The study of nutrient uptake kinetics is still in the second phase: experimental evidence has contradicted some of the initial assessments, and more experimental studies need to be designed before generalizations can be made. It is quite unfortunate that we have not made much progress in understanding mechanisms of carbon partitioning during the past two decades. This is due in part to the fact that some of the holistic theories, such as functional balance and optimality, have not evolved into testable hypotheses to guide experimental studies. This paper urges modelers to play an increasing role in plant–CO2 research by disassembling these existing theories into hypotheses and urges experimentalists to design experiments to examine these holistic concepts.