Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Requirement for Cathepsin D for Processing of the Full Length and C-Terminal Fragment of the Malaria Antigen MSP1

Merozoite Surface Protein 1 is expressed on the surface of malaria merozoites and is important for invasion of the malaria parasite into erythrocytes. MSP1-specific CD4 T cell responses and antibody can confer protective immunity in experimental models of malaria. In this study we explore the contributions of cathepsins D and E, two aspartic proteinases previously implicated in antigen processing, to generating MSP1 CD4 T-cell epitopes for presentation. The absence of cathepsin D, a late endosome/lysosomal enzyme, is associated with a reduced presentation of MSP1 both following in vitro processing of the epitope MSP1 from infected erythrocytes by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, and following in vivo processing by splenic CD11c+ dendritic cells. By contrast, processing and presentation of the soluble recombinant protein fragment of MSP1 is unaffected by the absence of cathepsin D, but is inhibited when both cathepsin D and E are absent. The role of different proteinases in generating the CD4 T cell repertoire, therefore, depends on the context in which an antigen is introduced to the immune system.
Active Fault Tolerant Control for Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Motor

Active Fault Tolerant Control for Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Motor Ultrasonic piezoelectric motor technology is an important system component in integrated mechatronics devices working on extreme operating conditions. Due to these constraints, robustness and performance of the control interfaces should be taken into account in the motor design. In this paper, we apply a new architecture for a fault tolerant control using Youla parameterization for an ultrasonic piezoelectric motor. The distinguished feature of proposed controller architecture is that it shows structurally how the controller design for performance and robustness may be done separately which has the potential to overcome the conflict between performance and robustness in the traditional feedback framework. A fault tolerant control architecture includes two parts: one part for performance and the other part for robustness. The controller design works in such a way that the feedback control system will be solely controlled by the proportional plus double-integral PI2 performance controller for a nominal model without disturbances and H∞ robustification controller will only be activated in the presence of the uncertainties or an external disturbances. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault tolerant control architecture.
Pre-, In-and Postfix grammars for Symbolic Regression in Grammatical Evolution

Recent research has indicated that grammar design is an important consideration when using grammar-based Genetic Programming, particularly with respect to unintended biases that may arise through rule ordering or duplication. In this study we examine how the ordering of the elements during mapping can impact performance. Here we use to the standard GE depth-first mapper and compare the performance of postfix, prefix and infix grammars on a selection of symbolic regression problem instances. We show that postfix can confer a performance advantage on the harder problems examined.
The Implementation of Lisex, a MLS Linux Prototype

In this article we describe the design and implementation of a Linux multi-level secure (MLS) file system containing access control lists (ACL). The resulting prototype is called Lisex. We implemented Lisex from model formally written and verified in Coq. We used abstract data types (ADT) to implement some data structures. Hence, we show the methodology that we have applied to program from formal specifications using ADTs.
NEW ALGORITHMS FOR IMPLEMENTING AND INTERPOLATING ROTATIONS

We have not found in the computer graphics literature what we believe may be the simplest algorithm for implementing a 3 D rotation with a mouse. We present this algorithm, and observe that it leads to new mathematical realizations of the 3 D rotation group and its double-cover, the unit quaternions. We use this to obtain an algorithm for interpolating rotations of a 3D scene that is more eﬃcient than the standard quaternion based methods, and also to derive the quaternion composition formula from the geometry of 3D rotations.
Efficient and flexible cryptographic co-processor architecture for server application

In todays networks security is becoming more and more important. Public Key Cryptography, which is a necessary building block for this, places a high workload on the server in client-server networks. A co-processor can be used to shoulder some of this workload. However, as the networks become increasingly heterongenous, the server must also be able to communicate with clients utilizing different cryptographic schemes. Thus, the two main design goals for such a co-processor are efficiency and flexibility. In context of server application, efficiency is measured as high throughput instead of low latency. Flexibility aims for the support of different cryptographic schemes and an easy expandability. This work proposes a generic co-processor architecture for RSA, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and Pairing-Based Cryptography, which utilizes a combined HW/SW-design allowing high flexibility without sacrificing efficiency. Based on a new classification of parallelization possibilities, it exploits parallelization on all abstraction levels as long as this furthers throughput. The feasibility and usefulness of the architecture is verified by means of a prototype implementation.
Classification of Passes in Football Matches Using Spatiotemporal Data

A knowledgeable observer of a game of football (soccer) can make a subjective evaluation of the quality of passes made between players during the game, such as rating them as Good, OK, or Bad. In this article, we consider the problem of producing an automated system to make the same evaluation of passes and present a model to solve this problem. Recently, many professional football leagues have installed object tracking systems in their stadiums that generate high-resolution and high-frequency spatiotemporal trajectories of the players and the ball. Beginning with the thesis that much of the information required to make the pass ratings is available in the trajectory signal, we further postulated that using complex data structures derived from computational geometry would enable domain football knowledge to be included in the model by computing metric variables in a principled and efficient manner. We designed a model that computes a vector of predictor variables for each pass made and uses machine learning techniques to determine a classification function that can accurately rate passes based only on the predictor variable vector. Experimental results show that the learned classification functions can rate passes with 90.2% accuracy. The agreement between the classifier ratings and the ratings made by a human observer is comparable to the agreement between the ratings made by human observers, and suggests that significantly higher accuracy is unlikely to be achieved. Furthermore, we show that the predictor variables computed using methods from computational geometry are among the most important to the learned classifiers.
Managing Software Engineering Experience for Com-prehensive Reuse

Today's software developments are faced with steadily increasing expectations: software has to be developed faster, better, and cheaper. At the same time, application complexity increases. Meeting these demands requires fast, continuous learning and the reuse of past experience on the part of the project teams. Thus, learning and reuse should be supported by well-defined processes applicable to all kinds of experience which are stored in an organizational memory. In this paper, we introduce a tool architecture supporting continuous learning and reuse of all kinds of experience from the software engineering domain and present the underlying methodology.
Security Analysis of the NTRUEncrypt Public Key Encryption Scheme

The public key cryptosystem NTRUEncrypt is analyzed with a main focus on lattice based attacks. We give a brief overview of NTRUEncrypt and the padding scheme NAEP. We propose NTRU-KEM, a key encapsulation method using NTRU, and prove it secure. We briefly cover some non-lattice based attacks but most attention is given to lattice attacks on NTRUEncrypt. Different lattice reduction techniques, alterations to the NTRUEncrypt lattice and breaking times for optimized lattices are studied.
Programming techniques and environments in a technology management department

Teaching and learning programming is widely known to be quite problematic. Designing and deploying programming courses is also quite complex. Several choices have to made, such as selecting the first programming technique and language, the sequence of programming techniques presented to students, the programming environments and the teaching approaches utilized. In this paper, the rationale of the sequence of programming techniques and languages taught at a Technology Management Department, as well as the decisions that have been made for a smoother transition from the imperative to the object-oriented programming technique in terms of the environments and the teaching approaches used are presented. Furthermore, students' replies in a questionnaire regarding their difficulties with this sequence of programming techniques and learning programming in general are analyzed.
A Comparison Between Three Pattern Recognition Algorithms For Decoding Finger Movements Using Surface Emg

Classifying surface EMG into different movement types using different pattern recognition algorithms is often used in research in upper limb prosthetics. Several different classifiers have been explored in the literature, however none of them have made it to market for prosthetic hands. Commercially available myoelectric hands are still controlled in a fairly simple open/close manner. As the there are more dexterous hands available for amputees such as the i-Limb by Touchbionics [1], the bebionic by RSLSteeper [2]and soon to be available hands such as the Michelangelo hand by Otto Bock[3], the Vincent hand [4] and the Contineo by Ortocare Innovations [5] the need for robust control algorithms are evident. There has been much research into control of hands using a vast amount of different techniques. Some of the earliest attempts at controlling prosthetic hands using pattern recognition approaches dates back to the 1970’s [6].
Developing a multi-network urbanization model: A case study of urban growth in Denver, Colorado

Urbanization is an important issue concerning diverse scientific and policy communities. Computational models quantifying locations and quantities of urban growth offer numerous environmental and socioeconomic benefits. Traditional urban growth models are based on a single-algorithm fitting procedure and thus restricted on their ability to capture spatial heterogeneity. Accordingly, a GIS-based modeling framework titled multi-network urbanization (MuNU) model is developed that integrates multiple neural networks. The MuNU model enables a filtering approach where input data patterns are automatically reallocated into appropriate neural networks with targeted accuracies. We hypothesize that observations classified by individual neural networks share greater homogeneity, and thus modeling accuracy will increase with the integration of multiple targeted algorithms. Land use and land cover data sets of two time snapshots (1977 and 1997) covering the Denver Metropolitan Area are used for model training and validation. Compared to a single-step algorithm – either a stepwise logistic regression or a single neural network – several improvements are evident in the visual output of the MuNU model. Statistical validations further quantify the superiority of the MuNU model and support our hypothesis of effective incorporation of spatial heterogeneity.
Abdullah: An Intelligent Arabic Conversational Tutoring System for Modern Islamic Education

This paper focuses on the development of a novel Arabic Conversational Intelligent Tutoring System (CITS) called Abdullah the tutor, Abdullah CITS is an online system that teaches students aged 10 to 12 years old the essential topics in Islam utilizing supportive evidence from the Quran and Hadith, allowing conversation, discussion and interpretation with verses in classical Arabic language by engaging in dialogue using Modern Arabic language. The proposed framework for developing Abdullah CITS is based on a Pattern Matching approach to handle the user's conversations, and to solve the complexity and ambiguity of processing the Arabic language. This paper describes the architecture of Abdullah and introduces the novel scripting language that has also been developed. The results of a pilot study are reported where the evaluation has indicated promising results.
The Governmental Activity and Private Capital Investment

This paper analyzes in the context of a dynamic model, how firms decide on capital investment if the accompanying adjustment costs are a function of the governmental activity. The government provides the public input and decides on the degree of rivalry. The productive public input enhances private capital productivity and reduces the adjustment costs. An equilibrium in which capital and investment ratio are both constant is derived; comparative dynamic analysis is carried out; and policy implications of the model are discussed. Increasing the amount of the public input unequivocally spurs the capital investment, whereas the result becomes ambiguous with respect to the impact of rivalry. Since a reduction in congestion increases the individually available amount of public input, crowding out effects may lead to a reduction in the equilibrium capital stock. Although most of the analysis is conducted in the context of general production functions, the case of Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production function is exclusively considered.
UFIFT-HEP-039 CLNS-03 / 1829 CERN-TH / 2003-135 hep-ph / 0306182 June 19 , 2003 Helicity Formalism for Spin-2 Particles ∗

We develop the helicity formalism for spin-2 particles and apply it to the case of gravity in flat extra dimensions. We then implement the large extra dimensions scenario of Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali in the program AMEGIC++, allowing for an easy calculation of arbitrary processes involving the emission or exchange of gravitons. We complete the set of Feynman rules derived by Han, Lykken and Zhang, and perform several consistency checks of our implementation.
In Pursuit of Moderation: Nine Common Errors and Their Solutions

One result of the increasing sophistication and complexity of MIS theory and research is the number of studies hypothesizing and testing for moderation effects. A review of the MIS and broader management literatures suggests researchers investigating moderated relationships often commit one or more errors falling into three broad categories: inappropriate use or interpretation of statistics, misalignment of research design with phenomena of interest, and measurement or scaling issues. Examples of nine common errors are presented. Commission of these errors is expected to yield literatures characterized by mixed results at best, and thoroughly erroneous results at worse. Procedures representing examples of best practice and reporting guidelines are provided to help MIS investigators avoid or minimize these errors.
Cross-benefits between virtual reality and games

In one hand, video games are dedicated to entertainment. In recent years, the emerging of consumers hardware dedicated to games induced great progress for realism and gameplay. Graphics rendering and physical engines, digital surround sound and new interaction interfaces are examples of areas which have benefited of these last improvements and widely contribute to the gaming experience. In another hand, virtual reality focus on user's presence which is its indubitable feeling of belonging to the virtual environment. As this goal is very hard to reach, studies have to focus on human through several research directions like immersion (3D vision, sound spatialization, haptic devices) and interaction which has to be as natural and non intrusive as possible. Recent researches on intersensoriality possibilities, metaphorical interactions or brain computer interfaces are examples of what would be achieved in immersion and interaction. At this point, we can argue that virtual reality can be a provider of new methods and resources for games. Unfortunately virtual reality room are expensive and difficult to deploy, what is probably the main reasons why virtual reality is still a laboratory experiment or confined to industrial simulator. Here is our double contribution : to combine video games and virtual reality through two different virtual reality game solutions and to design them with consumer grade components. This paper first presents a survey of both current video game evolutions and virtual reality researches. We will also give some examples of cross-benefits between video games and virtual reality. To illustrate this last point we will describe two virtual reality applications created by our research team and dedicated to gaming. Finally, as a prospective talk we will deal with three points : some recent virtual reality systems supposedly applicable to home gaming, some good points from DG that VR developers should incorporate in VR systems and last point, some lines of enquiry so that the union between VR and DG be at last consummate.
Infrared and visible images registration using BEMD and MI

Enhanced vision especially in poor weather conditions can be achieved by image fusion between the infrared and visible images. Image registration is a crucial step in image fusion. In order to register the infrared and visible images captured in poor weather conditions, the registration method combing the Bidimensional Empirical Model Decomposition (BEMD) with mutual information is proposed in this paper. After the infrared and visible images are decomposed into a set of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) and residue respectively by BEMD, the parameters of affine transform can be obtained through using the maximum mutual information registration between IMFs images. Then, the transform matrix defined by these parameters is used to the source infrared image and the final registered image can be obtained through interpolation and resampling for the transformed image. This method is used to register two video sequences captured in dense fog. Experimental results show that this method gives better performance compared to other two methods.
Does International Macroeconomic Policy Coordination Pay and Is It Sustainable?: A Two Country Analysis

THE purpose of this paper is to investigate the benefits and the sustainability of cooperation in the conduct of macroeconomic policy in the international economy. Recent work has highlighted the significant externalities between countries in the effects of policy particularly those arising through policyinduced exchange rate changes in a regime of floating rates. Thus Taylor (1985) finds that non-cooperative policy design results in an over-active use of monetary policy, relative to the cooperative case, as countries use tight monetary policy to induce exchange rate appreciation as part of an anti-inflationary package. This is true even if the real exchange rate must subsequently depreciate again, adding to inflationary pressures later on, for the pattern of real exchange rate appreciation and subsequent depreciation acts to redistribute inflation optimally through time, smoothing peaks and troughs. Currie and Levine (1985a, 1985b) obtain similar findings for monetary policy, and report also the incentive for individual governments to offset the output consequences of the resulting loss of competitiveness by means of expansionary fiscal policy. The consequent combination of tight money and expansionary fiscal policy is severely suboptimal for the system taken as a whole, and therefore for all individual countries if such policies are adopted generally, and, if adhered to, are found in some circumstances to be wholly destabilising. These findings that international cooperation in macroeconomic policy is beneficial are at odds with other findings, notably by Oudiz and Sachs (1985), Miller and Salmon (1985) and Rogoff (1985), that the benefits of cooperation may be limited or even absent. It is clearly important to establish the source of these differences, and this is one aim of this paper. The principal source that we identify is whether governments are assumed to have sufficient credibility to commit themselves to the full optimal reputational policy. If governments lack credibility vis-a-vis their private sectors, international cooperation may be counter-productive. With credibility, the pursuit of reputational policies means that international cooperation will be beneficial and its absence may be damaging. For those policies for which cooperation pays, there is still the question of whether cooperative behaviour will be sustained or whether it will be undermined by the incentive to free-ride. In this paper we therefore examine means by which cooperation may be sustained for reputational policies. In particular, we ask whether the threat by each country to revert * The support of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research and of the Bank of
Neurotrophic Requirements of Human Motor Neurons Defined Using Amplified and Purified Stem Cell-Derived Cultures

Human motor neurons derived from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells (hESCs and hiPSCs) are a potentially important tool for studying motor neuron survival and pathological cell death. However, their basic survival requirements remain poorly characterized. Here, we sought to optimize a robust survival assay and characterize their response to different neurotrophic factors. First, to increase motor neuron yield, we screened a small-molecule collection and found that the Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 enhances motor neuron progenitor proliferation up to 4-fold in hESC and hiPSC cultures. Next, we FACS-purified motor neurons expressing the Hb9::GFP reporter from Y-27632-amplified embryoid bodies and cultured them in the presence of mitotic inhibitors to eliminate dividing progenitors. Survival of these purified motor neurons in the absence of any other cell type was strongly dependent on neurotrophic support. GDNF, BDNF and CNTF all showed potent survival effects (EC50 1–2 pM). The number of surviving motor neurons was further enhanced in the presence of forskolin and IBMX, agents that increase endogenous cAMP levels. As a demonstration of the ability of the assay to detect novel neurotrophic agents, Y-27632 itself was found to support human motor neuron survival. Thus, purified human stem cell-derived motor neurons show survival requirements similar to those of primary rodent motor neurons and can be used for rigorous cell-based screening.