Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global frictions and the production of locality in Kenya’s music video industry

This article explores the relationship between global imaginaries, frictions, and the production of locality through an examination of the Kenyan music video industry. Localities are constructed, in part, through the constitutive work of the imagination. Friction occurs when divergent constructions of the global imaginary become entangled with each other. Through an examination of the production, distribution, and reception of Kenyan music videos, this study identifies three types of friction that occur in cultural production: collaborative frictions, in which collectivities work across differences toward a common cause; combative frictions, in which collectivities are positioned in direct opposition to each other; and competitive frictions, in which the interests of different collectivities conflict at times and align at others. This study contributes to scholarship on cultural production in non-Western contexts by articulating hybridity as both an antecedent to and outcome of transcultural exchange.
Analyzing the Gender Wage Gap in Ontario's Public Sector

In this paper, we analyze the gender wage gap in Ontario? s public sector. Our analysis is based on the salaries of high earners in the public sector. Although these salaries are publicly available from Ontario? s Sunshine List, a key attribute is missing from the public data, the gender variable. We propose a 2-stage model to predict the gender based on the person? s first name, and we augment the data with the new variable. With the new database created, we analyze, present and discuss results for the gender wage gap in Ontario. The findings of this research are being used by Ontario? s provincial government to reassess and change current policies for pay equity.
In vivo 1H NMR spectroscopy of the human brain at 7 T

In vivo 1H NMR spectra from the human brain were measured at 7 T. Ultrashort echo‐time STEAM was used to minimize J‐modulation and signal attenuation caused by the shorter T2 of metabolites. Precise adjustment of higher‐order shims, which was achieved with FASTMAP, was crucial to benefit from this high magnetic field. Sensitivity improvements were evident from single‐shot spectra and from the direct detection of glucose at 5.23 ppm in 8‐ml volumes. The linewidth of the creatine methyl resonance was at best 9 Hz. In spite of the increased linewidth of singlet resonances at 7 T, the ability to resolve overlapping multiplets of J‐coupled spin systems, such as glutamine and glutamate, was substantially increased. Characteristic spectral patterns of metabolites, e.g., myo‐inositol and taurine, were discernible in the in vivo spectra, which facilitated an unambiguous signal assignment. Magn Reson Med 46:451–456, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The teaching and acquisition interface in neurocognition research

This special issue brings forward new insights on the brain changes following second language instruction. The fundamental research question of the extent to which different teaching-related variables impact patterns of brain adaptation in adult learners is addressed. The articles contribute to a new field of experimental language research dubbed ‘the neurocognition of the teaching/acquisition interface. ’
Latino/a Adolescents and Young Adults Coping with Parental Cancer within a Cultural Context

LATINO/A ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS COPING WITH PARENTAL CANCER WITHIN A CULTURAL CONTEXT by AMANDA MIA MARIN-CHOLLOM Advisor: Tracey A. Revenson, PhD Parental cancer has a strong influence on the psychological well-being of children at all ages. Children and adolescents whose parents have more distress and advanced disease tend to have lower rates of healthy psychological adjustment. Children from the U.S. Latino/a population may face additional challenges, such as racism and acculturative stress that compound the stress of having a parent with cancer. At the same time, facets of the Latino/a culture may play a crucial role in how Latino/a adolescents adapt to parental cancer, specifically the Latino/a cultural values of familismo (familism), espíritu (spirit), and respeto (respect). This cross-sectional study examined the relation of Latino/a cultural values to coping and psychological adjustment among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). Specific aims were to examine: 1) the associations between AYA’s stress and coping responses and psychological adjustment to their mother’s cancer; 2) the direct and moderation effect of three Latino/a cultural values –familismo, espíritu, and respeto –on the coping-adjustment association; 3) the effects of age and gender on coping responses, cultural values, and psychological adjustment outcomes; and 4) the associations between severity of the parent’s cancer and the parent’s level of distress with AYA’s psychological adjustment. The sample included 38 Latino/a AYAs who were coping with their mother’s breast cancer (n=24). AYAs and mothers completed questionnaires in English or Spanish in-person or
Design and Implementation of Mapping Systems for an ID / Locator Split Protocol for New Generation Network

We are proposing Z Network Protocol (ZNP) as a network layer protocol based on ID/Locator split approach in the future Internet. ZNP is designed to satisfy the following requirements in terms of practical operation: (1) support of L3 protocol heterogeneity, (2) scalability of ID/Locator mapping system, (3) independence of mapping information management, and (4) avoidance of locator leakage beyond the administrative boundary. This paper proposes the mapping systems of ZNP; the Name Mapping System (NMS) and the ID Mapping System (IMS). To satisfy (1), the IMS is designed to be able to manipulate variable types of locators. To satisfy (2) and (3), the NMS and the IMS compose tree structure and the mapping information of a node is managed by the mapping agents in the domain to which the node belongs. To satisfy (4), ZNP introduces the localized mapping agents. To manipulate our proposing mapping systems, we designed and implemented Z Control Message Protocol (ZCMP) as an application layer protocol. The measured signaling overhead shows that the proposing mapping systems are practical for the future Internet.
Developing Online Modules for a “Health and Wellness” Course: Adapting Active Learning Strategies to the Online Environment

Active learning refers to activities that engage students in the learning process. To make the learning process more active, instructors should add opportunities for reflection. However, reflection is not limited to the classroom environment. Instruction is shifting toward incorporating opportunities for active learning through online platforms. We developed four online health topic modules—sexual health, nutrition, environmental health, and alcohol awareness—and evaluated 1,090 student responses to course content. Students provided feedback on the activities that aided in learning course content. Thematic analysis was conducted to systematically review the data and elicit meaning. Using an inductive approach to students’ feedback, we synthesized the excerpts, quotations, and entire passages from students’ open-ended responses. Three major themes constructed from the data were (a) mode of delivery of the course content, (b) applicability of the content to students’ lives and the community, and (c) structure of the modules. The design and implementation resulted in six lessons for educators: students were engaged when the content was applicable to their personal life, students valued learning about how public health affects their community, course content must provide opportunities for critical thinking and self-reflection, students valued the hybrid nature of the course, student feedback of the online modules promoted self-reflection, and students and instructors appreciated the worksheet that guided the online class.
Continuous-time subspace flows related to the symmetric eigenproblem ∗

The classes of continiuous-time flows on R-nxp that induce the same flow on the set of p-dimensional subspaces of R-n are described. The power flow is briefly reviewed in this framework, and a subspace generalization of the Rayleigh quotient flow [Linear Algebra Appl. 368C, 2003, pp. 343-357] is proposed and analyzed. This new flow displays a property akin to deflation in finite time.
The problematic growth of dust in high-redshift galaxies

Dust growth via accretion of gas species has been proposed as the dominant process to increase the amount of dust in galaxies. We show here that this hypothesis encounters severe difficulties that make it unfit to explain the observed UV and IR properties of such systems, particularly at high redshifts. Dust growth in the diffuse ISM phases is hampered by (a) too slow accretion rates; (b) too high dust temperatures, and (c) the Coulomb barrier that effectively blocks accretion. In molecular clouds these problems are largely alleviated. Grains are cold (but not colder than the CMB temperature, (Tcmb = 20 K at redshift z=6). However, in dense environments accreted materials form icy water mantles, perhaps with impurities. Mantles are immediately photo-desorbed as grains return to the diffuse ISM at the end of the cloud lifetime, thus erasing any memory of the growth. We conclude that dust attenuating stellar light at high-$z$ must be ready-made stardust largely produced in supernova ejecta.
Transnational social workers’ transition into receiving countries: what lessons can be learned from nursing and teaching?

ABSTRACT Appropriate interventions for assisting transnational social workers (TSWs), nurses and teachers in their transition into the receiving country are significant for enabling competent and safe professional practice. These professionals form a significant part of the professional workforce of many countries as globalisation and liberal migration policies encourage many to cross borders for professional practice. Engaging in employment overseas, however, is a challenging process for them as it entails relocating to a new country and working in unfamiliar sociocultural and practice contexts. While some form of profession-wide assistance is found in nursing and teaching, social workers rarely receive any such interventions. This article discusses existing support offered to transnational nurses and teachers in English-speaking countries such as the UK, US, New Zealand, Australia and Canada and suggests how a similar approach to social workers can assist their transitioning into the receiving country. It draws on the findings of a thematic review of the literature addressing support for transnational nurses, teachers and social workers. The imperative of interventions to assist transition of TSWs into host countries is explored and the article concludes with recommendations for some intervention strategies and mechanisms.
Dual fronts propagating into an unstable state

The interface between an unstable state and a stable state usually develops a single confined front travelling with constant velocity into the unstable state. Recently, the splitting of such an interface into two fronts propagating with different velocities was observed numerically in a magnetic system. The intermediate state is unstable and grows linearly in time. We first establish rigorously the existence of this phenomenon, called a 'dual front', for a class of structurally unstable one-component models. Then we use this insight to explain dual fronts for a generic two-component reaction-diffusion system, and for the magnetic system.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Yeast Transcriptome Upon Heat and Cold Shock

DNA arrays were used to measure changes in transcript levels as yeast cells responded to temperature shocks. The number of genes upregulated by temperature shifts from 30 ℃ to 37℃ or 45℃ was correlated with the severity of the stress. Pre-adaptation of cells, by growth at 37 ℃ previous to the 45℃ shift, caused a decrease in the number of genes related to this response. Heat shock also caused downregulation of a set of genes related to metabolism, cell growth and division, transcription, ribosomal proteins, protein synthesis and destination. Probably all of these responses combine to slow down cell growth and division during heat shock, thus saving energy for cell rescue. The presence of putative binding sites for Xbp1p in the promoters of these genes suggests a hypothetical role for this transcriptional repressor, although other mechanisms may be considered. The response to cold shock (4℃) affected a small number of genes, but the vast majority of those genes induced by exposure to 4 ℃ were also induced during heat shock; these genes share in their promoters cis-regulatory elements previously related to other stress responses.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy by Analyzing Images at Two Bandwidths

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging is an emerging non-invasive technique for both anatomic and metabolic evaluation in vivo, but a primary drawback of MRSI is its long acquisition time. We propose a post-processing method to calculate MR spectra by analyzing a statistical value of images scanned at two different acquisition bandwidths. Only normal MRI pulse sequence is needed in this method and it does not require hardware specially designed for fast imaging such as EP- MRSI or SENSE. Two-dimensional analysis of water and lipid has been implemented to verify the theory. The method may provide a different approach to realize fast MRSI.
CouchSurfing: Belonging and trust in a globally cooperative online social network

The current study investigates engagement activities in an online resource exchange community exploring elements such as sense of belonging, connectedness, and trust. CouchSurfing.com is an online cultural exchange community in which members from around the globe coordinate travel accommodations and organize gatherings with fellow members via a social media platform. Findings confirmed that members who have not met face-to-face with other members have a lower sense of belonging to the community than those who have. Increased attendance to gatherings was positively related to sense of belonging to the community, and hosting had a positive relationship with trust in the community. Additionally, CouchSurfers reported that they preferred to be contacted through personal e-mails rather then group e-mails, while those who reported an increased participation in gatherings found group e-mails to be useful.
Strukturierte klinische Interviews zur Erfassung psychischer Störungen über die Lebensspanne

Zusammenfassung. Psychische Storungen konnen uber die ganze Lebensspanne auftreten. Strukturierte klinische Interviews sind zentrale Hilfsmittel fur ihre rasche, zuverlassige und umfassende Diagnostik. Im deutschsprachigen Raum stehen mit den Verfahren der DIPS-Familie Interviews zur Diagnostik psychischer Storungen uber die gesamte Lebensspanne zur Verfugung, die seit den 90er Jahren regelmasig aktualisiert wurden. Ihre Reliabilitat, Validitat und Akzeptanz wurde wiederholt in grosen Stichproben aus ambulanten, stationaren und Forschungssettings uberpruft. Die Einfuhrung des DSM-5 erforderte eine umfassende Uberarbeitung der DIPS-Interviews, deren wesentliche Merkmale dargestellt werden. Um die breitere Verwendung von strukturierten klinischen Interviews zu fordern, werden die Verfahren der DIPS-Familie neu als „Open Access-Dokumente“ zur Verfugung gestellt. Abschliesend werden weitere Entwicklungen zu Training, Dissemination und Computerisierung im Ausblick angesprochen.
Fetal environment and subsequent obesity: a study of maternal smoking.

BACKGROUND The intrauterine environment may influence the development of obesity, but as yet, the long-term effect of growth in utero is unclear. We studied maternal smoking during pregnancy to gain insight on how an insult affecting fetal growth might subsequently influence obesity risk through childhood to age 33. METHODS Data from the 1958 British birth cohort (all births in England, Wales and Scotland, 3-9 March 1958), including body mass index (BMI), maternal smoking during pregnancy and several potential confounding factors. We assessed obesity risk at ages 7, 11, 16, 23 and 33 associated with maternal smoking. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for obesity at age 33 were estimated for 2918 men and 2921 women with complete data. RESULTS Infants of mothers who smoked in pregnancy were lighter at birth than infants of non-smokers, but from adolescence (age 11 for females, 16 for males) they had an increased risk of being in the fattest decile of BMI. The OR for obesity associated with maternal smoking increased with age, suggesting strengthening of the relationship over time. At age 33 the OR was 1.56 (95% CI : 1.22-2.00) for men and 1.41 (95% CI : 1.12-1.79) for women. This was robust to adjustment for factors in early life, childhood and adulthood. CONCLUSIONS An elevated risk of obesity among the offspring of smokers was not accounted for by other known influences. Findings are consistent with a long-term effect of intrauterine environment on adiposity, possibly through fetal nutrition, although other mechanisms should be investigated in future studies of obesity.
Estimation and control for cooperative autonomous searching in crowded urban emergencies

This paper presents the updateable probabilistic evacuation modeling (UPEM) technique, which allows sensor observation data to be included in the problem of estimating the state of an evacuating crowd, as the data are obtained. Each individual is modeled as a Newtonian particle which interacts with obstacles, such as walls and other individuals. The UPEM technique estimates not only the general trend of the crowd as a whole, but also the specific states of each of the evacuees in the crowd. Furthermore, an approach to cooperative autonomous searching in crowded urban emergencies is developed using UPEM. A number of simulated searches in emergency evacuations highlight the efficacy of the technique in reducing the time required to detect targets and in increasing the level of safety for human evacuees.
The Logical Problem of Language Acquisition: A Probabilistic Perspective

Natural language is full of patterns that appear to fit with general linguistic rules but are ungrammatical. There has been much debate over how children acquire these "linguistic restrictions," and whether innate language knowledge is needed. Recently, it has been shown that restrictions in language can be learned asymptotically via probabilistic inference using the minimum description length (MDL) principle. Here, we extend the MDL approach to give a simple and practical methodology for estimating how much linguistic data are required to learn a particular linguistic restriction. Our method provides a new research tool, allowing arguments about natural language learnability to be made explicit and quantified for the first time. We apply this method to a range of classic puzzles in language acquisition. We find some linguistic rules appear easily statistically learnable from language experience only, whereas others appear to require additional learning mechanisms (e.g., additional cues or innate constraints).
Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA predicts outcome in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma: correlative analysis from a large North American cooperative group trial.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and can be detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) of viral nucleic acid (EBER) in tumor cells. We sought to determine whether plasma EBV-DNA could serve as a surrogate for EBER-ISH and to explore its prognostic utility in HL. Specimens from the Cancer Cooperative Intergroup Trial E2496 were used to compare pretreatment plasma EBV-DNA quantification with EBV tumor status by EBER-ISH. A cutoff of >60 viral copies/100 µL plasma yielded 96% concordance with EBER-ISH. Pretreatment and month 6 plasma specimens were designated EBV(-) or EBV(+) by this cutoff. Patients with pretreatment EBV(+) plasma (n = 54) had inferior failure-free survival (FFS) compared with those with pretreatment EBV(-) plasma (n = 274), log-rank P = . 009. By contrast, no difference in FFS was observed when patients were stratified by EBER-ISH. Pretreatment plasma EBV positivity was an independent predictor of treatment failure on multivariate analyses. At month 6, plasma EBV(+) patients (n = 7) had inferior FFS compared with plasma EBV(-) patients (n = 125), log-rank P = . 007. These results confirm that plasma EBV-DNA is highly concordant with EBER-ISH in HL and suggest that it may have prognostic utility both at baseline and after therapy. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00003389.
Parameterisation of 3d speech lip movements

In this paper we describe a parameterisation of lip movements which maintains the dynamic structure inherent in the task of producing speech sounds. A stereo capture system is used to reconstruct 3D models of a speaker producing sentences from the TIMIT corpus. This data is mapped into a space which maintains the relationships between samples and their temporal derivatives. By incorporating dynamic information within the parameterisation of lip movements we can model the cyclical structure, as well as the causal nature of speech movements as described by an underlying visual speech manifold. It is believed that such a structure will be appropriate to various areas of speech modeling, in particular the synthesis of speech lip movements.
Measurement of current perception thresholds using the Neurometer® – applicability in diabetic neuropathy

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is continuously growing worldwide, while the specific chronic complications that it induces have a negative impact on life expectancy andquality, entailing extremely high costs of healthcare services. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes, affecting almost half of diabetic people during life. This review aims at summarizing the evidence on the advantages and the usefulness of current perception threshold measurement for peripheral diabetic neuropathy assessment. Among the different methods used for the screening and diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy, measurement of current perception threshold using the Neurometer® has the ability to assess three sub-types of nerve fiber by producing transcutaneous electrical stimuli at frequencies of 2000, 250 and 5 Hz. Current evidence shows that this method provides a useful, noninvasive evaluation technique of patients with peripheral nervous system disorders, being able to detect neuropathy in the earliest and asymptomatic stages.
A fast and scalable system for visual attention, object based attention and object recognition for humanoid robots

In this paper, we present a novel approach towards the integration of visual attention, object based attention and object recognition. Our system is scalable in regard to the required framerate or usage of computational power. Therefore, it is perfectly suited for robotic applications, where time is a crucial factor. We enhance and evaluate our previously presented visual attention system based on sampled template collation (STC) to fit into a humanoid robotic context by dynamically adjusting the required computational speed. We modify STC for object-based attention to segment the attended object from the surrounding background. Subsequently we combine it with a biologically-inspired object recognition system. We show that our approach significantly improves the recognition accuracy.
Utterance Classification in AutoTutor

This paper describes classification of typed student utterances within AutoTutor, an intelligent tutoring system. Utterances are classified to one of 18 categories, including 16 question categories. The classifier presented uses part of speech tagging, cascaded finite state transducers, and simple disambiguation rules. Shallow NLP is well suited to the task: session log file analysis reveals significant classification of eleven question categories, frozen expressions, and assertions.