Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic MR imaging and stress testing in glenohumeral instability: Comparison with normal shoulders and clinical/surgical findings

Our objectives were to test the hypotheses that: 1) during shoulder motion, glenohumeral alignment differs between asymptomatic shoulders and those with symptomatic instability; 2) during magnetic resonance (MR)‐monitored physical exam or stress testing, glenohumeral alignment differs between asymptomatic shoulders and those with instability; and 3) glenohumeral translation during MR stress testing correlates with findings of shoulder instability by clinical exam and exam under anesthesia (EUA). Using an open‐configuration 0.5 T MR imaging (MRI) system, we studied symptomatic shoulders in 11 subjects and compared them to their contralateral asymptomatic shoulders. Each shoulder was studied during abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation to determine the humeral head position on the glenoid. An examiner also performed the MR stress test on each shoulder by applying manual force on the humeral head during imaging. All shoulders were assigned an instability grade from the MR stress test, and this grade was correlated with: 1) clinical exam grade assigned during preoperative assessment by an orthopedic surgeon and 2) intraoperative instability grade by EUA immediately preceding arthroscopy. With dynamic abduction and internal/external rotation, the humeral head remained centered on the glenoid in 9 of 11 shoulders, but in two subjects there were dramatic demonstrations of subluxation. With stress testing, a trend toward more joint laxity was demonstrated in symptomatic than in asymptomatic joints (P = 0.11). MR grading of instability correlated directly with clinical grading in six cases and underestimated the degree of instability relative to clinical exam in the other cases. MR instability grading systematically underestimated instability compared with EUA in 7 of the 10 cases that underwent surgical repair. We concluded that dynamic MR evaluation of glenohumeral alignment did not demonstrate abnormalities in symptomatic shoulders in 8 of 10 patients, whereas 2 patients showed dramatic findings of subluxation. Manual stress testing during dynamic MR examination showed a strong correlation with clinical instability grading. Dynamic shoulder MR examination during stress testing could, with further validation, become a useful adjunct to shoulder instability evaluations. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:748–756. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Manipulation of Physiological and Emotional Responses to Stress in Repressors and Sensitizers

In this study, it was investigated whether the discrepancies between physiological ( p ) and emotional ( e ) stress responses typical for repressors ( p > e ) and sensitizers ( e > p ) can be experimentally induced. Thirty repressors and thirty sensitizers, defined according to questionnaire scores, were tested in a public speaking paradigm. During the anticipation period, they were given either sensitizing or defensive feedback about their own physiological stress responses or no feedback. A discrepancy value between standardized emotional responses and physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, and cortisol) was computed. In both manipulated conditions higher emotional than physiological arousal was induced by the sensitizing manipulation, while the inverse discrepancy was induced by the defensive manipulation. In sensitizers, this result was brought about by mere differential changes in emotional arousal whereas in repressors both emotional and physiological arousal changed in opposite directions. Results are discussed with respect to the health-related risks implicated in the repressive coping style.
Solution structure of Domains IVa and V of the τ subunit of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III and interaction with the α subunit

The solution structure of the C-terminal Domain V of the τ subunit of E. coli DNA polymerase III was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The fold is unique to τ subunits. Amino acid sequence conservation is pronounced for hydrophobic residues that form the structural core of the protein, indicating that the fold is representative for τ subunits from a wide range of different bacteria. The interaction between the polymerase subunits τ and α was studied by NMR experiments where α was incubated with full-length C-terminal domain (τC16), and domains shortened at the C-terminus by 11 and 18 residues, respectively. The only interacting residues were found in the C-terminal 30-residue segment of τ, most of which is structurally disordered in free τC16. Since the N- and C-termini of the structured core of τC16 are located close to each other, this limits the possible distance between α and the pentameric δτ2γδ′ clamp–loader complex and, hence, between the two α subunits involved in leading- and lagging-strand DNA synthesis. Analysis of an N-terminally extended construct (τC22) showed that τC14 presents the only part of Domains IVa and V of τ which comprises a globular fold in the absence of other interaction partners.
Human-Machine Interface for the Control of Multi-Function Systems Based on Electrocutaneous Menu: Application to Multi-Grasp Prosthetic Hands

Modern assistive devices are very sophisticated systems with multiple degrees of freedom. However, an effective and user-friendly control of these systems is still an open problem since conventional human-machine interfaces (HMI) cannot easily accommodate the system’s complexity. In HMIs, the user is responsible for generating unique patterns of command signals directly triggering the device functions. This approach can be difficult to implement when there are many functions (necessitating many command patterns) and/or the user has a considerable impairment (limited number of available signal sources). In this study, we propose a novel concept for a general-purpose HMI where the controller and the user communicate bidirectionally to select the desired function. The system first presents possible choices to the user via electro-tactile stimulation; the user then acknowledges the desired choice by generating a single command signal. Therefore, the proposed approach simplifies the user communication interface (one signal to generate), decoding (one signal to recognize), and allows selecting from a number of options. To demonstrate the new concept the method was used in one particular application, namely, to implement the control of all the relevant functions in a state of the art commercial prosthetic hand without using any myoelectric channels. We performed experiments in healthy subjects and with one amputee to test the feasibility of the novel approach. The results showed that the performance of the novel HMI concept was comparable or, for some outcome measures, better than the classic myoelectric interfaces. The presented approach has a general applicability and the obtained results point out that it could be used to operate various assistive systems (e.g., prosthesis vs. wheelchair), or it could be integrated into other control schemes (e.g., myoelectric control, brain-machine interfaces) in order to improve the usability of existing low-bandwidth HMIs.
First-year dropout in ICT studies

There is high demand for qualified Information and Communication Technology (ICT) practitioners in the European labor market. In Estonia, the problem is not a low number of ICT students but a high dropout rate. The aim of this study is to find how it is possible to predict first-year dropout in higher education ICT studies and possibly to engage methods to decrease dropout rate. Data was collected from 301 first-year ICT students in Estonia who filled in a questionnaire at the beginning of the first semester and after the first semester. Additionally, some information was collected electronically during the admission process. The results showed that on average, 32.2% of the ICT students in Estonia dropped out during the first study-year. It was found that students who dropped out had lower scores in the state mathematics exam. This means that the score of the mathematics exam is one characteristic that can predict dropout during the first study-year. At the beginning of the studies there were not many differences in students' perception of their interest and how well the studies met their expectations. However, the answers received after the first semester showed some statistically significant differences between the students who dropped out during the first study-year and those who did not. Differences occurred, e.g., in the case of the following questions: how big their interest in ICT was, how well the studies met their expectations, how pleasant studying was for them, and how high they felt was the probability of them finishing their studies. It can be concluded that asking questions after the first semester gives information to universities as to who are about to drop out. Based on the information universities can support their students to retain them. The results support some factors that were found in literature to be important for avoiding dropout (e.g., motivation, earned credit points, prior studies, expectations), but in some cases the results of this study are different than the literature suggests (e.g., age, gender, working during studies, number of friends in the ICT field). It could be that these factors are not that important in influencing first-year dropout in ICT studies.
Persistent redundant Eustachian valve interfering with Amplatzer PFO occluder placement: Anatomico‐clinical and technical implications

A 28‐year‐old man with patent foramen ovale and a prominent Eustachian valve with a history of transient ischemic attack underwent transcatheter closure using Amplatzer patent foramen ovale occluder. During deployment, some of the prominent valve tissue was entrapped on the delivery cable and a piece of the valve was extracted unintentionally. Anatomico‐clinical and technical implications are discussed. Cathet Cardiovasc Intervent 2002;55:521–524. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psychosurgery. Intelligence, Emotion and Social Behavior Following Prefrontal Lobotomy for Mental Disorders

A neurological monograph published by Thomas is usually worthy of serious consideration; the present work is no exception. After a preliminary "startle-reaction" in response to the title, the reader will find increasing satisfaction as the subject is developed in succeeding pages. The publisher has again accomplished a splendid result in the art of book-making. The authors' experiences with prefrontal lobotomy began in 1936, about a year after the first operation by Moniz and Lima of Lisbon. The present study is based upon the results obtained in 80 cases. There is no doubt that the authors' early reports on this subject received more than a little adverse criticism from unsympathetic members of the profession. However, the reviewer failed to detect any evidence of bitterness, resulting from this, in the present work. Undoubtedly the widespread use of shock therapy during the past few years has resulted in a more general acceptance of the relatively conservative and controlled procedure of prefrontal lobotomy. The first 75 pages of the book are devoted to an excellent, concise review of the existing significant information concerning the frontal lobes. The reader is faced with rather conflicting evidence concerning frontal-lobe functions. This evidence becomes more clearly correlated, as the result of the present studies, and finally emerges in the concluding chapters of the book as a well-rounded story of frontal lobe functions. The section of the book concerning clinical observations on prefrontal lobotomy contains illustrative case reports, in considerable detail. Special attention is devoted to the subjects of social behavior, intelligence, personality, and consciousness of the self. The effects of lobotomy upon various mental disorders are considered and the data finally assembled in summary form. Seventy per cent of the cases were classified as involutional depressions and obsessive tension states. Good results were obtained in about two-thirds of these cases. Favorable results in many cases amount to an exchange of certain particularly undesirable symptoms for others less undesirable. The final section, titled prefrontal lobotomy and psychopathology, is a philosophical discussion, which, in the opinion of the reviewer, follows a very
Endothelial Lipase Is Increased In Vivo by Inflammation in Humans

Background— Endothelial lipase (EL) is a plasma lipase that we previously reported to be significantly correlated with all features of the metabolic syndrome in humans, including directly with measures of adiposity and inversely with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. We hypothesized that inflammation associated with obesity results in upregulation of EL. We determined the relationship between inflammatory markers and EL levels in a cohort of healthy persons recruited on the basis of family history of coronary disease. Furthermore, we directly tested the hypothesis that plasma EL concentrations would increase with induction of an inflammatory state by low-dose endotoxin in humans. Methods and Results— High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, leptin, and adiponectin were measured in plasma of 858 subjects. Significant direct correlations (P<0.001 for all) were found between EL concentrations and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (r=0.28), interleukin-6 (r=0.22), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (r=0.22), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (r=0.24), and leptin (r=0.20). An inverse correlation was present with adiponectin (r=−0.15, P<0.001). Adiponectin inhibited the tumor necrosis factor-&agr;–stimulated EL secretion from cultured human coronary endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Experimental low-dose endotoxemia in 20 subjects resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in EL concentrations 12 to 16 hours after injection, which correlated temporally with decreases in both total and high-density lipoprotein phospholipid. Conclusions— In humans, plasma inflammatory markers are directly correlated with plasma EL concentrations, and experimental endotoxemia significantly increases plasma EL concentrations, proving that EL is upregulated by inflammation in humans. This mechanism may partially explain the low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels seen in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
A Study on the Influencing Factors of the Intention to Share Tacit Knowledge in the University Research Team

The aim of our study was to explore the influencing factors of the intention to share tacit knowledge in the university research team. On the basis of related literature review, combing with the Theory of Planned Behavior, we proposed a research model about the intention to share tacit knowledge in the university research team. After the completion of questionnaire, we surveyed of 202 researchers from the university research teams of Chinese mainland, and examined the research model by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and then revised theoretical model. We found that, in the university research team, personal feature (need satisfaction, sense of honor and altruism), internal mechanism (interpersonal trust, team cohesion and authorized leadership), and support framework (resources adequacy and self-efficacy) significantly contributed to the intention to share tacit knowledge, however, heterogeneity significantly had a negative effect on the intention to share tacit knowledge. Finally, we provided some useful strategies and suggestions for university managers and team leaders to enhance the intention to share tacit knowledge of university research team.
Differential Gene Expression and Protein Abundance Evince Ontogenetic Bias toward Castes in a Primitively Eusocial Wasp

Polistes paper wasps are models for understanding conditions that may have characterized the origin of worker and queen castes and, therefore, the origin of paper wasp sociality. Polistes is “primitively eusocial” by virtue of having context-dependent caste determination and no morphological differences between castes. Even so, Polistes colonies have a temporal pattern in which most female larvae reared by the foundress become workers, and most reared by workers become future-reproductive gynes. This pattern is hypothesized to reflect development onto two pathways, which may utilize mechanisms that regulate diapause in other insects. Using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for Polistes metricus we selected candidate genes differentially expressed in other insects in three categories: 1) diapause vs. non-diapause phenotypes and/or worker vs. queen differentiation, 2) behavioral subcastes of worker honey bees, and 3) no a priori expectation of a role in worker/gyne development. We also used a non-targeted proteomics screen to test for peptide/protein abundance differences that could reflect larval developmental divergence. We found that foundress-reared larvae (putative worker-destined) and worker-reared larvae (putative gyne-destined) differed in quantitative expression of sixteen genes, twelve of which were associated with caste and/or diapause in other insects, and they also differed in abundance of nine peptides/proteins. Some differentially-expressed genes are involved in diapause regulation in other insects, and other differentially-expressed genes and proteins are involved in the insulin signaling pathway, nutrient metabolism, and caste determination in highly social bees. Differential expression of a gene and a peptide encoding hexameric storage proteins is especially noteworthy. Although not conclusive, our results support hypotheses of 1) larval developmental pathway divergence that can lead to caste bias in adults and 2) nutritional differences as the foundation of the pathway divergence. Finally, the differential expression in Polistes larvae of genes and proteins also differentially expressed during queen vs. worker caste development in honey bees may indicate that regulatory mechanisms of caste outcomes share similarities between primitively eusocial and advanced eusocial Hymenoptera.
Gridiron football injuries.

OBJECTIVE To review the available football epidemiology literature to identify risk factors, facilitate injury prevention and uncover deficiencies that may be addressed by future research. DATA SOURCES A literature search of Sports Discus (1940-2003), Eric (1967-2003), EMBASE (1988-2003), MEDLINE (1966-2003), CINAHL (1984-2003), and Web of Science (1993-2003) identified the published articles on American football in athletes of high school age and younger. MAIN RESULTS Injury rate increases with the level of play (grade in school), player age, and player experience. The lower extremity (knee and ankle joints) is most frequently injured. Football injuries are much more common in games than in practice, and occur to players who are being tackled, tackling or blocking. Most injuries are mild, including contusion, strain and sprain. Rule changes with the prohibition of initial contact with the helmet or face-mask reduced catastrophic head and neck injuries. CONCLUSION Although no sport or recreational activity is completely risk-free, football epidemiology research is critical to injury prevention. The existing medical literature provides some valuable insights, but an increased emphasis on prospective research is required to test the efficacy of preventative measures. Quality research may contribute to a reduction in football injury risk by defining the role of player conditioning and strength training, coaching of safety fundamentals, avoidance of dangerous activities, as well as proper medical supervision and care. Sports medicine personnel, coaches, and officials must strive to minimize injuries through progressive education, improved coaching techniques, effective officiating, and equipment modifications.
A Constrained Least Squares Approach to Mobile Positioning: Algorithms and Optimality

The problem of locating a mobile terminal has received significant attention in the field of wireless communications. Time-of-arrival (TOA), received signal strength (RSS), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), and angle-of-arrival (AOA) are commonly used measurements for estimating the position of the mobile station. In this paper, we present a constrained weighted least squares (CWLS) mobile positioning approach that encompasses all the above described measurement cases. The advantages of CWLS include performance optimality and capability of extension to hybrid measurement cases (e.g., mobile positioning using TDOA and AOA measurements jointly). Assuming zero-mean uncorrelated measurement errors, we show by mean and variance analysis that all the developed CWLS location estimators achieve zero bias and the Cramér-Rao lower bound approximately when measurement error variances are small. The asymptotic optimum performance is also confirmed by simulation results.
“This is Not a Lesbian Wedding”: Examining Same-Sex Marriage and Bisexual-Lesbian Couples

SUMMARY This study examines the ways in which legally recognized same-sex marriage (SSM) has impacted the lives of cross-sexual orientation same-sex couples. Twenty-six, female-female couples, consisting of one bisexual and one lesbian partner, who were married or engaged to be married in Massachusetts participated in instant messenger interviews about their experiences with SSM. Results indicated that SSM impacted participants' views of themselves, their relationship, their relationships within their social network, and their interaction with the gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer (GLBTQ) community. The study highlights how SSM, as a civil institution and specific expression of commitment, both affirmed and challenged bisexual identities and the unique SSM experiences of cross-sexual orientation couples.
A Study of Chinese Character Culture Big Data Platform

Chinese Characters are important elements of Chinese culture. Digitization techniques of Chinese Characters introduce attractive experiences of Chinese Character culture. The Chinese Character digitization generates large-scale data that is hard handled by traditional methods. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose Chinese Character Culture Big Data Platform that is designed based on the three-level hierarchy of cloud computing. The platform is built by means of open source technologies, for example, Hadoop ecosystem. The platform can effectively store, manage, and analyze large-scale data of digitized Chinese Character for supporting the Chinese Character culture experience application systems. This paper presents design concepts and architecture of the platform, as well as an experiment.