Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complementation between mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) subunits from different species.

Mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP), a dimer of nonidentical subunits, is the primary peptidase responsible for the removal of leader peptides from nuclearly encoded mitochondrial proteins. Alignments of the alpha and beta subunits of MPP (alpha- and beta-MPP) from different species show strong protein sequence similarity in certain regions, including a highly negatively charged region as well as a domain containing a putative metal ion binding site. In this report, we describe experiments in which we combine the subunits of MPP from yeast, rat, and Neurospora crassa, both in vivo and in vitro and mesure the resultant processing activity. For in vivo complementation, we used the temperature sensitive mif1 and mif2 yeast mutants, which lack MPP activity at the nonpermissive temperature (37 degrees C). We found that the defective alpha-MPP of mif2 cannot be substituted for by the alpha-MPP from rat or Neurospora. On the other hand, the beta-MPP from rat and Neurospora can fully substitute for the defective beta-MPP in the mif1 mutant. These results were confirmed in in vitro experiments in which individually expressed subunits were combined. Only combinations of the alpha-MPP from yeast with the beta-MPP from rat or Neurospora produced active MPP.
Analysis on influencing factors of scientific and technological resources sharing based on the structural equation model

Scientific and technological resource sharing plays an important role in promotion of regional innovation capability. As resource Sharing is a highly socialized activity, it is affected by many kinds of factors. Analysis on the influencing factors will help related departments find an effective way to construct resource system. According to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), This paper classifies all the factors into three major types. They are sharing attitude, subjective norm of sharing and perceived behavioral control ability. The first part of this paper introduces the exogenous variables of all the three kinds of factors. Then, on the basis of structural equation model (SEM), this paper gives a theoretical model and does an empirical study. The result shows that sharing attitude is the most important factor; Perceived behavioral control ability comes secondly; Subjective norm of sharing is the last but not the least important factor. It is just to say compared with the other two factors, related departments can consider this factor later. In the last part, this paper comes to the conclusion that:(1) It is necessary to raise sharing benefits and decrease sharing cost in order to arouse enthusiasm of sharing subjects. (2) Sharing mechanism is also an important factor that needs attention;(3) Benefit compensation have an effective impact on sharing than any other policy measure. To some extent, this research provides some reference functions for practice of resource sharing.
A survey of social capital and attitudes toward management in the New England groundfish fishery

This series is a secondary scientific series designed to assure the long-term documentation and to enable the timely transmission of research results by Center and/or non-Center researchers, where such results bear upon the research mission of the Center (see the outside back cover for the mission statement). These documents receive internal scientific review, and most receive copy editing. The National Marine Fisheries Service does not endorse any proprietary material, process, or product mentioned in these documents. All documents issued in this series since April 2001, and several documents issued prior to that date, have been copublished in both paper and electronic versions. To access the electronic version of a document in this series, go to http://www.nefsc. noaa.gov/nefsc/publications/. The electronic version is available in PDF format to permit printing of a paper copy directly from the Internet. If you do not have Internet access, or if a desired document is one of the pre-April Abstract In the spring of 2010, a telephone survey was conducted of Northeast Multispecies (groundfish) permit holders. The primary purpose of the survey was to develop a baseline of social capital in the groundfish fishery and to document attitudes toward the current management system based on days at sea and the new system based on sector allocations. A total of 542 permit holders were interviewed including 300 who are currently active in the groundfish fishery (over 50% of active permit holders). The survey results suggest that a high degree of social capital exists in the industry as a whole. It also revealed that permit holders in the groundfish fishery are generally dissatisfied with the current fishery management system and there remains substantial trepidation about the new sector system.
Genetic population structure and relatedness in the narrow‐striped mongoose (Mungotictis decemlineata), a social Malagasy carnivore with sexual segregation

Abstract Information on the genetic structure of animal populations can allow inferences about mechanisms shaping their social organization, dispersal, and mating system. The mongooses (Herpestidae) include some of the best‐studied mammalian systems in this respect, but much less is known about their closest relatives, the Malagasy carnivores (Eupleridae), even though some of them exhibit unusual association patterns. We investigated the genetic structure of the Malagasy narrow‐striped mongoose (Mungotictis decemlineata), a small forest‐dwelling gregarious carnivore exhibiting sexual segregation. Based on mtDNA and microsatellite analyses, we determined population‐wide haplotype structure and sex‐specific and within‐group relatedness. Furthermore, we analyzed parentage and sibship relationships and the level of reproductive skew. We found a matrilinear population structure, with several neighboring female units sharing identical haplotypes. Within‐group female relatedness was significantly higher than expected by chance in the majority of units. Haplotype diversity of males was significantly higher than in females, indicating male‐biased dispersal. Relatedness within the majority of male associations did not differ from random, not proving any kin‐directed benefits of male sociality in this case. We found indications for a mildly promiscuous mating system without monopolization of females by males, and low levels of reproductive skew in both sexes based on parentages of emergent young. Low relatedness within breeding pairs confirmed immigration by males and suggested similarities with patterns in social mongooses, providing a starting point for further investigations of mate choice and female control of reproduction and the connected behavioral mechanisms. Our study contributes to the understanding of the determinants of male sociality in carnivores as well as the mechanisms of female competition in species with small social units.
TFRC Fairness Improving Using the Dynamic Loss Rate Measurement

In the recent years, demands of real-time audio/video stream applications have been increased. Many researches make progress actively for the new demands, and TFRC (TCP-friendly rate control) is one of the main stream in this development. This transport protocol which depends on TCP throughput equation, have been improved smoothness in transporting multimedia data and fairness with TCP. In this paper, we proposed a new loss rate calculation method that changes the weight depending on the network state as a core of the TFRC protocol. In the original TFRC method, the loss rate calculation does not consider the network state and the weight is unchanged. As a result, in a heavy-congested network, the fairness of TFRC falls off rapidly and it makes network state worse. The proposed method gives more weight to the latest loss interval, when the loss interval has decreased for 5 intervals or more in a row. In the original method, the latest loss interval is only assigned 16% of the total weight, regardless of the current congestion level. The proposed method gives more weight to the recent loss interval during the congested period. When the proposed method is used, the latest loss interval is assigned 61% of the total weight in calculating the loss rate. In a congested network, TCP's normalized throughput decreases less than 0.8 with the original method, but the proposed method can maintain the throughput more than 0.8 and enables the TCP to exist along with the TFRC.
Effects of estrogen deficiency on tooth movement after force application: an experimental study in ovariectomized rats

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of estrogen deficiency on tooth movement in ovariectomized rats. Material and methods. Forty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned at random to one of the following groups: test group (n=20), ovariectomized rats (or estrogen-deficient rats); control group (n=22), non-ovariectomized rats. Two months after ovariectomy, expansion springs exerting 10 g of force were inserted between the upper central incisors in both groups. The amount of movement was measured daily until tooth movement began and then at intervals of 3 days. The rats were sacrificed 18 days after applying the expansion spring and histomorphometric analysis was performed along the left upper central incisor root towards the apex of the alveolar bone. Results. The amount and speed of movement was observed to be greater in ovariectomized rats. On histomorphometric analysis, osteoblast and osteocyte counts on the pressure side were higher in the non-ovariectomized group than in the ovariectomized group (p<0.001). In contrast, the osteoclast count was significantly higher (p <0.01) in the ovariectomized group than in the non-ovariectomized group. The osteoblast and osteocyte counts were significantly higher (p <0.001) on tension side in the non-ovariectomized group than in the ovariectomized group. Conclusion. Estrogen deficiency increased orthodontic tooth movements but counts of osteoblasts, which are responsible for new bone formation, were lower in regions of tension and of pressure.
Internet Exchanges for Used Books: An Empirical Analysis of Welfare Implications

Acknowledgements: The authors thank Al Greco, Otto Koppius and participants at the 2004 INFORMS Annual Conference, the 2004 MISRC/CRITO Symposium on the Digital Divide, the 2003 International Conference on Information Systems, the University of California at Davis, and Carnegie Mellon University’s Tepper School of Business and H. John Heinz III School of Public Policy and Management for valuable comments on this research. We also thank David Dewey, Samita Dhanasobhon, Steve Gee, Stoyan Arabadjiyski, Sumiko Hossain, Nat Luengnaruemitchai, and Sriram Gollapalli for outstanding research assistance.
Further studies on the isolation of proteolytic bacteria from the sheep rumen.

SUMMARY: A survey of the proteolytic bacteria present in the rumens of sheep on different kinds of diets has been made, with special emphasis on the isolation of anaerobic types. The results suggest that proteolytic activity is not confined to a single kind of rumen bacterium, but that it is a variable property possessed by strains of many kinds of bacteria which can be active in the breakdown of other feedstuff constituents. The properties of the bacteria isolated are given.
Role of Contextual Factors in the Usability of Access Solutions for People With Disabilities

An access solution consists of an access pathway, the channel that translates the functional intention of an individual with disability into a functional activity, and an access technology, which processes the physical or physiological data acquired through the access pathway. Recommendation of the appropriate access pathway depends on the nature and severity of the impairment, and the strength, reliability and endurance of client’s potential access sites. An important factor affecting the usability of access solutions is the context in which the client exploits it. Context, or contextual factors as it is referred to by the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, disability and Health (ICF), not only encompasses the client’s personal features and characteristics, it also includes environmental factors such as the milieu and time of access solution usage. A drawback of access strategies developed to date is that they do not account for personal and environmental factors and thus their usability declines when applied in more than one environment or by different users. In this paper we highlight the need for designing context aware access strategies, and the ways consideration of contextual factors can enhance the usability of access solutions for the population with severe and multiple disabilities. We also discuss how monitoring particular contextual factors can lead to creation of new access solutions.
Large-scale approximate intervention strategies for Probabilistic Boolean Networks as models of gene regulation

Control of Probabilistic Boolean Networks as models of gene regulation is an important problem; the solution may help researchers in various different areas. But as generally applies to control problems, the size of the state space in gene regulatory networks is too large to be considered for comprehensive solution to the problem; this is evident from the work done in the field, where only very small portions of the whole genome of an organism could be used in control applications. The Factored Markov Decision Problem (FMDP) framework avoids enumerating the whole state space by representing the probability distribution of state transitions using compact models like dynamic bayesian networks. In this paper, we successfully applied FMDP to gene regulatory network control, and proposed a model minimization method that helps finding better approximate policies by using existing FMDP solvers. The results reported on gene expression data demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
PV SYSTEM MODELLING AND SIMULATION USING FLY BASED MICROINVERTER

This paper proposes simple and efficient modeling approaches that are suitable for long-term and large Photovoltaic (PV) analysis system analyses. Generally it results in slow and inefficient simulations, especially for long-term analyses when transcendental nonlinear equations describing the PV generator, which are coupled with the detailed switching models of the power electronic converters are used. Overcoming this, A classical two-stage power processing system with intermediate dc link used as a string inverter, as well as a single-stage conversion unit using fly back based Micro convertor(MIC) are designed in this paper. This study provides a simplified PV-cell model and its parameterization, Evaluation of maximum power point tracking, Interfacing of photovoltaic (PV) system with Grid. The generalized modeling approach is thoroughly evaluated by the simulation results. Index Terms—Equivalent circuit, modeling, parameterization, photovoltaic (PV) power system, solar cell.
Robust Observation and Control of Complex Networks

The problem of understanding when individual actions of interacting agents display to a coordinated collective behavior has receiving a considerable attention in many research fields. Especially in control engineering, distributed applications in cooperative environments are achieving resounding success, due to the large number of relevant applications, such as formation control, attitude synchronization tasks and cooperative applications in large-scale systems. Although those problems have been extensively studied in Literature, themost of classic approaches use to consider the unrealistic scenario in which networks always consist of identical, linear, time-invariant entities. It’s clear that this assumption strongly approximates the effective behavior of a network. In fact agents can be subjected to parameter uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics or simply characterized by proper nonlinear dynamics. Therefore, motivated by those practical problems, the present Thesis proposes various approaches for dealing with the problem of observation and control in both the framework of multi-agents and complex interconnected systems. The main contributions of this Thesis consist on the development of several algorithms based on concepts of discontinuous slidingmode control. This techniques can be employed for solving in finite-time problems of robust state estimation and consensus-based synchronization in network of heterogenous nonlinear systems subjected to unknown but bounded disturbances and sudden topological changes. Both directed and undirected topologies have been taken into account. It is worth to mention also the extension of the consensus problem to networks of agents governed by a class parabolic partial differential equation, for which, for the first time, a boundary-based robust local interaction protocol has been presented.
Combining resources for open source machine translation

In this paper, we present a Japanese→English machine translation system that combines rule-based and statistical translation. Our system is unique in that all of its components are freely available as open source software. We describe the development of the rule-based translation engine including transfer rule acquisition from an open bilingual dictionary. We also show how translations from both translation engines are combined through a simple ranking mechanism and compare their outputs.
Consumers’ value perception and value construction: the case of bottled water in the Middle East

ABSTRACT This study illustrates how consumers realize the concept of value creation when making quick selections for a commodity in the Saudi market. Data were collected through a self-administered survey to customers; 1,045 completed and usable responses were received and analysed. The proposed model was tested through structural equation modelling using AMOS 22. Results indicate that product design and brand trust affect electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM), and product design, brand trust, and e-WOM influence consumers’ value creation. However, e-WOM does not mediate the relationship between product design and consumer value nor does it mediate the relationship between brand trust and consumers’ value creation. This study focused on one product (bottled water). Caution must be exercised in generalization of the results to other products/countries. Theoretically, this study extends the perception of value creation on a commodity and the influence of trust on perceived value. Although this study is based on a sample of Saudi Arabian consumers that is oversampling the age group of young consumers, it extends the rare empirical evidence base on the perception of value creation in the bottled water market, and the influence of trust on perceived value. The results suggest that firms could benefit from altering the design of their bottled water products to create higher perceived value and higher brand trust, differentiating themselves further from competition. The study contributes to the existing literature on consumers’ perceptions of bottled and branded water, taking into account e-WOM communication, and providing rare evidence on brand trust from outside of Europe and North America.
Molecular cloning, expression and chromosome location of the human pelota gene PELO

The pelota gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a protein that was found to be included in cell cycle regulation. Mutations were found to result in spermatogenic arrest, female sterility and disturbances in the patterning of the eye. Here we describe the cloning of the human pelota cDNA (PELO) that encodes a 385-amino-acid protein. Southern blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed that PELO is present as a single copy gene in the human genome and is localized on chromosome 5q11.2. Northern blot analysis revealed the presence of a 1.6-kb transcript in all tissues studied and an additional 2.0-kb transcript in testis.
Integrating Direct and Reverse Logistics in a “Living Lab” Context: Evaluating Stakeholder Acceptability and the Potential of Gamification to Foster Sustainable Urban Freight Transport

This chapter tests stakeholder acceptability and their likely behavior change with respect to innovative solutions for improving urban freight transport efficiency and fostering city sustainability. The proposed solution concerns a new system for integrating direct and reverse logistics in the urban area of Rome with the aim of improving clean waste collection, while also minimizing transport-related CO2 emissions. An ex ante behavioral analysis based on a stated preference survey has been conducted to investigate stakeholder preferences for different scenario configurations associated with recycling, so as to boost the success of the initiative and promote sustainable behavior. Results show that an environmentally friendly transport system and a gamification process associated with recycling are the most important attributes for stakeholders. Scenarios including these two elements are the most effective in terms of the amount of recycled materials and potentially saved CO2. Results of the behavioral analysis are useful to plan the functioning of the proposed solution according to stakeholders’ preferences and pave the way for its upscaling and transferability.
The Impact of Income Smoothing on Tax Profit: An Applied Study to a Sample of International Companies

During economic turbulence, companies are under pressure that makes them turn to account department in attempt to control the frustrations by changing the financial information to their desired level. When the management oversees that the targeted level cannot be managed from the initial planning, they result to decree the figure in earning. This type of management practice to change the accounting records is called income smoothing. When other conditions are identical, the management usually prefers smoothed income than genuine income that fluctuate greatly. Smoothed income allows the firms to evade discounting in the capital market that brings undesirable consequences with the stakeholders. Income smoothing or earning management can be classified into real discretion and technical accounting policy. In real discretion, the management achieves the targeted number of figures by changing transactions between the firm and stakeholders. Technical accounting policy allows the management to change the accounting estimates or accounting policies. In this paper, the concept of income smoothing will be analyzed, and the term "big baths" used to leeway information presented in the financial statements will be shown. The researchers consider that firms in japan, companies in the Tehran stock exchange in Iran and American banks all engage in smoothing income using accounting policy. This will provide a platform to show biased accounting introduced by the management and learn the ways to remove this bias by linking the knowledge to financial analysis. The purpose of the research is to show the true situation from the biased results in firms, a basic step to enterprise value assessment and financial ratio analysis.