Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRENDS IN THE FIELD OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP FROM 1989-2011

The purpose of this article is to examine the trends in the market for entrepreneurship faculty over the past 22 years. Data is provided from June, 1989 through June, 2011 on advertised candidates and positions throughout the world. The findings of this study will assist faculty and administrators at Schools of Business throughout the world. Implications and recommended strategies are discussed. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This article examines the trends in the market for entrepreneurship faculty over the past 22 years. Data is provided from June, 1989 through June, 2011 on advertised candidates and positions throughout the world. The data collected for the study involved a daily process of collecting information about jobs and candidates from a wide variety of sources: the old Academy of Management Placement books before the introduction of the Internet; Chronicle of Higher Education; Academy of Management’s Job Placement Board and The Chronicle of Higher Education’s weekly online newspaper, and a number of web sites. There were several significant findings in this study. Over the past year, the number of tenure track candidates was higher than the number of tenure track positions for only the second time in 12 years. This is a negative for candidates. The findings also show that schools were seeking senior faculty more often for their open positions. The number of advertisements for associate and full professors was close to an all-time high. The numbers tell us that entrepreneurship is becoming increasingly institutionalized within Schools of Business and Management. Furthermore, as other research has pointed out, there is an increase in entrepreneurship centers (see Finkle, Menzies, Kuratko, & Goldsby, 2012). This increase requires more senior level faculty to build new programs. Schools are also recruiting more candidates with a primary area in entrepreneurship. This shows that schools are valuing entrepreneurship as they recruit an ever increasing number of candidates with a primary area in entrepreneurship. This may be due to the increasing demand in entrepreneurship at schools. Given the state of the economy, more students may be opting for entrepreneurship education. The findings of this study make a significant contribution to the field of entrepreneurship because it makes candidates and administrators more aware of the current trends. For example, candidates need to be cognizant that the percentage of tenure track positions in entrepreneurship
Synthesis and Application of Novel Lead-Free Solders Derived from Sn-based Nanopowders

Two kinds of lead-free solders derived from tin-based nanopowders were fabricated. One was the lead-free solders with Sn-Ag-Cu nanopowders, and the other was nano-sized Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> doped Sn-Ag-Cu solders. The lead-free solders with Sn-Ag-Cu nanopowders were synthesized by chemical precipitation with NaBH<sub>4</sub>. The isolated particle exhibited a near spherical shape with particle sizes around 5 nm. The primary particle size of Sn-Ag-Cu nanopowders was in the range of 40 nm. Microstructural characteristics of particle growth were evaluated by TEM and FE-SEM. The primary particles after precipitation were (Ag,Cu)<sub>4</sub>Sn with a size of 4.9 nm. It was also revealed that (Ag,Cu)<sub>4</sub>Sn transformed into (Ag,Cu)<sub>3 </sub>Sn, when the total amount of Sn contributed from both (Ag,Cu)<sub>4</sub>Sn and Sn covering the (Ag,Cu)<sub>4</sub>Sn overtook that of (Ag,Cu)<sub>3</sub>Sn. The nano-sized Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5 </sub> doped Sn-Ag-Cu solder paste was produced by mixing Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> nanopowder into commercial SnAg solder paste. To realize the effect of Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> nanopowder doping, the ball shear strength of the joint was further investigated. The fracture behavior of Sn-Ag-Cu solder joints was probed with respect to the fracture surfaces, interfacial morphologies, and ball shear strength. It was demonstrated that the creep strain rate sensitivity of nano- Cu<sub>6</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub> doped composite solder was higher than that of commercial Sn-Ag-Cu solder, although the creep hardness of both solders was nearly identical
Solution Structure, Hydrodynamics and Thermodynamics of the UvrB C-terminal Domain

Abstract The solution structure, thermodynamic stability and hydrodynamic properties of the 55-residue C-terminal domain of UvrB that interacts with UvrC during excision repair in E. coli have been determined using a combination of high resolution NMR, ultracentrifugation, 15N NMR relaxation, gel permeation, NMR diffusion, circular dichroism and differential scanning calorimetry. The subunit molecular weight is 7,438 kDa. , compared with 14.5±1.0 kDa. determined by equilibrium sedimentation, indicating a dimeric structure. The structure determined from NMR showed a stable dimer of anti-parallel helical hairpins that associate in an unusual manner, with a small and hydrophobic interface. The Stokes radius of the protein decreases from a high plateau value (ca. 22 Å) at protein concentrations greater than 4 μM to about 18 Å at concentrations less than 0.1 μM. The concentration and temperature-dependence of the far UV circular dichroism show that the protein is thermally stable (Tm ca. 71.5 °C at 36 μM). The simplest model consistent with these data was a dimer dissociating into folded monomers that then unfolds co-operatively. The van't Hoff enthalpy and dissociation constant for both transition was derived by fitting, with ΔH1≈23 kJ mol−1, K1(298)=0.4 μM and ΔH2=184 kJ mol−1. This is in good agreement with direct calorimetric analysis of the thermal unfolding of the protein, which gave a calorimetric enthalpy change of 181 kJ mol−1 and a van't Hoff enthalpy change of 354 kJ mol−1, confirming the dimer to monomer unfolding. The thermodynamic data can be reconciled with the observed mode of dimerisation. 15N NMR relaxation measurements at 14.1 T and 11.75 T confirmed that the protein behaves as an asymmetric dimer at mM concentrations, with a flexible N-terminal linker for attachment to the remainder of the UvrB protein. The role of dimerisation of this domain in the excision repair mechanism is discussed.
Wnt 5 a secretion stimulated by the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor inhibits defective Wnt signaling in colon cancer cells

MacLeod RJ, Hayes M, Pacheco I. Wnt5a secretion stimulated by the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor inhibits defective Wnt signaling in colon cancer cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 293: G403–G411, 2007. First published April 26, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00119. 2007. —To understand the role of the colonic extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in calcium chemoprotection against colon cancer, we activated the CaSR with 5 mM Ca on HT-29 cells, an adenocarcinoma cell line. High Ca stimulated the upregulation (as assessed by RT-PCR) and the secretion of Wnt5a (assessed by Western blot), a noncanonical Wnt family member. Inhibiting CaSR activity with a short interfering RNA (siRNA) duplex against the CaSR reduced CaSR protein and prevented the secretion of Wnt5a. Dominant negative CaSR (R185Q) or siRNA blocked the high Ca -mediated inhibition of the -catenin reporter TOPflash. The CaSR/Wnt5a inhibition of -catenin reporter was prevented by dominant negative ubiquitin ligase seven in absentia homolog 2 (Siah2). In low-calcium medium, overexpressing Wnt5a increased Siah2 amplicons and protein. Inducing the expression of full-length adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) prevented CaSRmediated increases of Siah2 and Wnt5a. Overexpressing the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (Ror2) increased Wnt5a and CaSR-mediated inhibition of TOPflash. Conditioned medium from Wnt5a-transfected cells added to HT-29 cells in low-Ca medium inhibited the -catenin reporter. This inhibition was blocked dose responsively by Frizzled-8/Fc chimeric antibody. Overexpression of Ror2 in HT-29 cells in low-Ca medium increased the inhibition of -catenin reporter caused by recombinant Wnt5a protein compared with addition of Wnt5a protein alone. Our findings demonstrate that APC status plays a key role as a determinant of Wnt5a secretion and suggest that CaSR-mediated secretion of Wnt5a will inhibit defective Wnt signaling in APC-truncated cells in an autocrine manner.
Effect of butylated hydroxytoluene on biliineage differentiation of the human HL‐60 myeioblastic leukemia cell

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which has both antioxidant and membrane active properties, has been reported to affect cellular differentiation. We studied its effect on the bipotent lineage differentiation of the important HL‐60 human my‐eloblastic leukemia cell line using reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium, cell cycle analysis, population growth rote, monoclonal antibodies, and morphology. BHT markedly accelerated retinoic acid‐induced myelocytic differentiation and dihydroxyvitamin D3‐induced monocvtic differentiation in a concentration and time‐dependent manner. Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) had a comparable effect. Preincubation with the compounds was not necessary to evoke the acceleration. Other antioxidants and inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis were inactive. We conclude that the important food preservatives BHT and BHA accelerate the kinetics of terminal differentiation of human leukemia and that this effect is likely due at least in part to their membrane active properties.
Amplitude‐integrated electroencephalogram in newborn infants for clinical and research purposes

Lancet 1993; 342: 193–8 2. Eriksson M, Brodin L, Finnström O, Schollin J. Can severity-of illness indices for neonatal intensive care predict outcome of 4 year of age? Acta Pædiatr 2002; 91: 1093–1100 3. Pollack MM, Koch MA, Bartel DA, Rapoport I, Dhanireddy R, El-Mohandes AA, et al. A comparison of neonatal mortality risk prediction models in very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics 2000; 105: 1051–7 4. Buhrer C, Grimmer I, Metze B, Obladen M. The CRIB (clinical risk index for babies) score and neurodevelopmenta l impairment at one year corrected age in very low birth weight infants. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 325–9 5. de Vries LS, Eken P, Groenendaa l F, Rademaker KJ, Hoogervors t B, Bruinse HW. Antenatal onset of haemorrhagi c and/or ischaemic lesions in preterm infants: prevalence and associated obstetric variables. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 1998; 78: F51–6 6. Kennedy JD, Edward LJ, Bates DJ, Martin AJ, Dip SN, Haslam RR, et al. Effects of birthweight and oxygen supplementatio n on lung function in late childhood in children of very low birthweight . Pediatr Pulmonol 2000; 30: 32–40 7. Duggan PJ, Maalouf EF, Watts TL, Sullivan MH, Counsell SJ, Allsop J, et al. Intrauterin e T-cell activation and increased proin ammatory cytokine concentration s in preterm infants with cerebral lesions. Lancet 2001; 358: 1699–700 8. Schmidt B, Cao L, Mackensen-Haen S, Kendziorra H, Klingel K, Speer CP. Chorioamnioniti s and in ammation of the fetal lung. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185: 173–7
Epithelial mitochondria‐rich cells and associated innervation in adult and developing zebrafish

Studies of ion regulation by mitochondria‐rich cells (MRCs) of transport epithelia in fish have revealed many processes by which ion homeostasis is achieved. However, the control of these mechanisms and, particularly, the extent of nervous system involvement are not completely understood. We characterized the potential innervation of MRCs in various gill and extrabranchial tissues involved in ion transport in the model vertebrate the zebrafish. Confocal and conventional microscopy of whole‐mount preparations were combined with immunofluorescence techniques to label MRCs with antibodies against a subunit of the enzyme Na+/K+‐ATPase and nerve fibers with a zebrafish neuronal marker, zn‐12. MRCs of the gill filaments were identified by their morphology and migration out to the lamellae in response to ion‐poor water acclimation. Gill MRCs were intimately associated with nerve fibers originating from outside the filaments. MRCs of the opercular epithelium resembled those of the gill and were also located adjacent to nerve fibers. Mitochondria‐rich “pseudobranch cells” were identified in the pseudobranch by immunofluorescence and labeling of dissociated cells with the mitochondrial marker DASPEI. Pseudobranch MRCs resembled gill MRCs and received innervation from a dense network of nerve fibers. In larvae, MRCs were distributed across the surface of the skin. These cells were situated among a dense network of varicose nerve fibers, and some MRCs of the skin displayed extensive cytoplasmic processes. Evidence is presented suggestive of widespread association of MRCs with the nervous system in transport epithelia and the neural control of MRC‐mediated ion regulation in teleost fish. J. Comp. Neurol. 497:817–832, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Dynamic Correlation Effect Analysis of Zhejiang Coast Port Development and Comprehensive Competitiveness Promotion

The paper constructs the evaluation index system of coast port development and comprehensive Competitiveness Promotion.Using "Grey System". makes a model,to calculate the correlation degree of the Zhejiang coast port development and comprehensive competitiveness promotion in the past 10 years.The results show that Zhejiang coast port development and comprehensive competitiveness' correlation degree is based on a strong basis,but has apparent stages,appeared strengthening trend during the tenth five-year plan、appeared weak to strong trend during The eleventh five-year plan.Evolution of coast port clustering,the change of port logistics demand ′structure and the fierce competition from other ports is the causes that lead up to above-mentioned dynamic characteristics.The port development generates a direct contribution to strength system and ability system,a indirect contribution to potential system and vitality system.Finally,According to the results,the paper proposes policy recommendations to accelerating Zhejiang port development and synchronous upgrading Zhejiang′comprehensive competitiveness.
Hearts beating through decellularized scaffolds: whole-organ engineering for cardiac regeneration and transplantation

Abstract Whole-organ decellularization and tissue engineering approaches have made significant inroads during recent years. If proven to be successful and clinically viable, it is highly likely that this field would be poised to revolutionize organ transplantation surgery. In particular, whole-heart decellularization has captured the attention and imagination of the scientific community. This technique allows for the generation of a complex three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix scaffold, with the preservation of the intrinsic 3D basket-weave macroarchitecture of the heart itself. The decellularized scaffold can then be recellularized by seeding it with cells and incubating it in perfusion bioreactors in order to create functional organ constructs for transplantation. Indeed, research into this strategy of whole-heart tissue engineering has consequently emerged from the pages of science fiction into a proof-of-concept laboratory undertaking. This review presents current trends and advances, and critically appraises the concepts involved in various approaches to whole-heart decellularization and tissue engineering.
Ex vivo tissue‐type independence in proton‐resonance frequency shift MR thermometry

The temperature sensitivity of the proton‐resonance frequency (PRF) has proven valuable for the monitoring of MR image‐guided thermal coagulation therapy. However, there is significant inconsistency in reported values of the PRF‐thermal coefficient, as measured from experiments encompassing a range of in vivo and ex vivo tissue types and experimental conditions. A method of calibrating the temperature dependence of the PRF is described and results are presented that indicate a tissue‐type independence. To this end, other possible mechanisms for variations in the PRF‐thermal coefficient are suggested, including physiological perturbations and volume magnetic susceptibility effects from geometry and orientation.
Barred from Justice: The Duress Waiver to the Material Support Bar

Under the Material Support Bar, an individual who has fled his or her home country due to persecution may be barred from obtaining asylum protection in the United States for providing “material support” to a terrorist organization. This bar can apply even though the individual provided such support against their will. This Article recommends legislative, administrative, and practical solutions to this unjust outcome.
An Optimized Segmented Quasi-Memoryless Nonlinear Behavioral Modeling Approach for RF Power Amplifiers

This paper presents an optimized segmented modeling approach using a new quasi-memoryless (QM) behavioral model (BM) that allows for RF power amplifier (RF PA) modeling over a range of different solid state PA technologies. The presented model is a combination of an existing semiphysical amplitude-modulation-to-amplitude-modulation (AM/AM) memoryless BM, which correctly predicts third-order intermodulation distortion (3rd IMD) response in the small signal region, with the newly proposed amplitude-modulation-to-phase-modulation (AM/PM) model derived from the existing AM/AM model. Using the segmentation and optimization methods, performance comparisons with this new model are presented, showing normalized mean squared error AM/PM improvements up to 20 dB, as well as over 5-dB improvement in predicting the 3rd IMD using the proposed model. Comparisons against other well-known QM BMs are conducted using measured data as well as with data presented in the literature. The effects of these improvements on linearizer performance are also evaluated. The model significantly improves system-level modeling by allowing designers to accurately predict system performance using various RF PA devices over a range of technologies, based on data available through manufacturers’ data or simple tests.
Enhanced robustness of myoelectric pattern recognition to across-day variation through invariant feature extraction

Robust pattern recognition is critical for myoelectric prosthesis (MP) developed in the laboratory to be used in real life. This study focuses on the robustness of MP control during the usage across many days. Due to the variability inhered in extended electromyography (EMG) signals, the distribution of EMG features extracted from several days' data may have large intra-class scatter. However, as the subjects perform the same motion type in different days, we hypothesize there exist some invariant characteristics in the EMG features. Therefore, give a set of training data from several days, it is possible to find an invariant component in them. To this end, an invariant feature extraction (IFE) framework based on kernel fisher discriminant analysis is proposed. A desired transformation, which minimizes the intra-class (within a motion type) scatter meanwhile maximizes the inter-class (between different motion types) scatter, is found. Five intact-limbed subjects and three transradial-amputee subjects participated in an experiment lasting ten days. The results show that the generalization ability of the classifier trained on previous days to the unseen testing days can be improved by IFE. IFE significantly outperforms Baseline (original input feature) in classification accuracy, both for intact-limbed subjects and amputee subjects (average 88.97% vs. 91.20% and 85.09% vs. 88.22%, p <; 0.05).
RTT Positioning in WCDMA

The paper presents the details of a round trip time (RTT) positioning algorithm that provides a largely improved accuracy as compared to cell ID positioning – yet with an availability above 95% and a typical response time below 0.3 s. The algorithm fuses an RTT measurement with configured or computed cell polygon data, in order to determine an arc with left and right angles, and with the distance from the serving radio base station (RBS) determined by the RTT measurement. Reasons are given why this is an almost as accurate and a more cost efficient method, as compared to multi-leg RTT positioning. An overview of the obtained field performance is also provided.
LoQoS location and QoS sensitive web service recommender

Web Services (WS) are application components that help to integrate various Web based applications. WS are used by almost all web applications. With the help of WS, web applications can use any service hosted on the internet without any platform dependency. Today the number of WS on the World Wide Web is rising and it is difficult for the user to select a optimal service among a large number of services. In order to overcome this, based on a recently published research work in the literature, we develop a location-aware QoS based web services recommendation system. The recommendation system obtains the QoS information from the users and the location information of the user which provides personalized results to the users. The recommendation system implements this concept by using collaborative filtering (CF) technique and recommends potential favorite Web Services for a user.
Spatial-temporal gait characteristics in individuals with hip osteoarthritis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

STUDY DESIGN Systematic literature review and meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and critically evaluate the literature to determine how basic gait characteristics are altered in individuals with hip osteoarthritis (OA). BACKGROUND Hip OA is a progressive musculoskeletal condition that leads to pain, stiffness, and functional limitation in activities such as walking. Understanding gait dysfunction in people with hip OA may contribute to more effective management of the disease. METHODS Eleven electronic research databases were searched. Studies comparing basic gait parameters in individuals with hip OA to healthy controls and the affected to the contralateral limb of individuals with hip OA were included. The studies were critically appraised for methodological quality. Available data were extracted, and meta-analysis was performed, with standardized effect sizes (Cohen d) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals computed for gait speed, cadence, step and stride length, stance, swing and double-stance duration, and step width. RESULTS The final analysis included 30 articles. Self-selected gait speed was 26% slower in individuals with hip OA relative to controls, which was explained by shorter stride length. Consistent evidence was found for greater asymmetry in individuals with hip OA than controls, with shorter step length and stance duration in the affected compared to the contralateral limb. CONCLUSION Individuals with hip OA walk at a slower speed and exhibit greater gait asymmetry than controls. Gait speed and asymmetry can be readily assessed clinically and represent a simple way of objectively evaluating gait dysfunction and monitoring treatment progress in individuals with hip OA.
Simulation of a RTU cyber attack on a transformer bank

A cyber attack scenario on a substation transformer bank is explored. A hypothetical malware has been installed on a transmission substation remote terminal unit (RTU), which is monitoring and controlling the transformer bank and surrounding equipment. The malware periodically manipulates the state of the circuit-breakers connecting the transformers in the bank to the load, so as to surreptitiously overload a single transformer. Over time, this periodic overload degrades the transformer lifetime until the transformer fails, which results in significant maintenance and replacement costs, loss of operational confidence in the system, and a potentially significant system outage. The malware masks its behavior by falsifying data sent to SCADA systems monitoring the substation equipment, such that an operator in the control center is not aware of the actual field conditions. This paper describes the modeling of such an attack, some results, and potential mitigation strategies.