Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factorized Approximate Inverses with Adaptive Dropping

This paper presents a new approach to constructing factorized approximate inverses for a symmetric and positive definite matrix $A$. The proposed strategy is based on adaptive dropping that reflects the quality of preserving the relation $UZ = I$ between the direct factor $U$ and the inverse factor $Z$ satisfying $A = U^TU$ and $A^{-1}=ZZ^T$. An important part of the approach is column pivoting, used to minimize the growth of the condition number of leading principal submatrices of $U$ that occurs explicitly in the dropping criterion. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the resulting approximate inverse factorization is robust as a preconditioner for solving large and sparse systems of linear equations.
A PHYSICAL MODEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE SLIP RATES OF CRUSTAL FAULTS IN JAPAN

Constructing regional seismic hazard models often requires estimating the long term slip rates of active crustal faults and estimating the recurrence intervals of the related characteristic earthquakes. This is a difficult task. Paleoseismic studies and kinematic models based on GPS data play a critical role in providing this information. However, for many faults, paleoseismic and detailed GPS data are either not complete or not available. In such situations and when there is reasonable understanding of the causative tectonic environment, physical models can be used to simulate regional stress/strain accumulation and release across faults. These simulations can be used to evaluate the possible long term slip rates of faults under different tectonic settings. It is the objective of this study to construct such a physical model for Japan in order to evaluate the long term slip rates of the regional crustal faults.
Do Acquirers Really Learn from Their Acquisition Experience ? The UK Evidence

The prevalent finding on acquirer performance is a pattern of declining announcement returns over successive deals, which contradicts the claim of practitioners and the management literature that acquirers learn from their acquisition experience. We study a sample of 6,906 UK acquisitions completed between 1985 and 2004 and control for previous deals similarities, which other studies ignore. We find that returns for frequent acquirers decrease constantly but they remain positive through high order deals. Controlling for deal characteristics, we still do not detect an improving pattern of returns but, at best, a stable one when the deal is settled for cash. Our logistic regressions show that learning is possible only if prior mistakes are observed in designing the method of payment and estimating synergies, among other variables. We find evidence of learning for acquirers with unsuccessful first acquisition, while successful first time bidders are more likely to exhibit hubris behavior as they are more likely to lose in the second acquisition after first time success. JEL Classification: G34
Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Impact of Basilar Artery Vasospasm on Outcome in Patients With Severe Cerebral

Gill E. Sviri, David W. Newell, David H. Lewis, Colleen Douville, Basavaraj Ghodke, Minku Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Impact of Basilar Artery Vasospasm on Outcome in Patients With Severe Cerebral Print ISSN: 0039-2499. Online ISSN: 1524-4628 Copyright © 2006 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Stroke doi: 10.1161/01.STR. 0000244765.29502. 85 2006;37:2738-2743; originally published online September 28, 2006; Stroke. http://stroke.ahajournals. org/content/37/11/2738 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
The HXT2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for high-affinity glucose transport

The HXT2 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was identified on the basis of its ability to complement the defect in glucose transport of a snf3 mutant when present on the multicopy plasmid pSC2. Analysis of the DNA sequence of HXT2 revealed an open reading frame of 541 codons, capable of encoding a protein of Mr 59,840. The predicted protein displayed high sequence and structural homology to a large family of procaryotic and eucaryotic sugar transporters. These proteins have 12 highly hydrophobic regions that could form transmembrane domains; the spacing of these putative transmembrane domains is also highly conserved. Several amino acid motifs characteristic of this sugar transporter family are also present in the HXT2 protein. An hxt2 null mutant strain lacked a significant component of high-affinity glucose transport when under derepressing (low-glucose) conditions. However, the hxt2 null mutation did not incur a major growth defect on glucose-containing media. Genetic and biochemical analyses suggest that wild-type levels of high-affinity glucose transport require the products of both the HXT2 and SNF3 genes; these genes are not linked. Low-stringency Southern blot analysis revealed a number of other sequences that cross-hybridize with HXT2, suggesting that S. cerevisiae possesses a large family of sugar transporter genes.
Cup plant biases prairie nitrogen composition in response to increasing community diversity

Biodiversity and ecosystem function (BDEF) studies illuminate positive relationships between species diversity and ecosystem functions such as nutrient uptake and biomass production (Tilman, Isbell & Cowles 2014). Oppositely, they also illuminate the negative consequences of local species losses for human valued ecosystem processes which scale up to the landscape and global level (Hooper, et al 2012). Of particular importance to the agricultural landscape of Iowa is the functional role of biodiversity in water quality improvement by way of complementary nutrient uptake between species in high diversity ecosystems (Cardinale 2011). To this effect, the strategic reintroduction of diverse, native perennial ecosystems such as prairie into and at the edge of row-crop fields can reduce nitrate (NO3-N), phosphorus, and soil losses from agricultural fields to surface waters via runoff (Zhou, et al 2014). These ecosystems, known as prairie buffers, act to mitigate the negative effects of nutrient enrichment and soil deposition on aquatic life and downstream human water use. Buffers are areas planted in permanent vegetation at the edge of or integrated within agricultural landscapes designed to slow water runoff, and intercept and remove soils and pollutants from farm field runoff (Zhou, et al. 2014). As such, I use prairie buffer community to refer to the mixture of plant species occupying a given buffer.
Developing Personalized Intelligent Interior Units to Promote Activity and Customized Healthcare for Aging Society

The world’s population is aging at an unprecedented pace. Aging society is not only a severe crisis in the developed world such as Germany and Japan, but also a rigorous challenge in emerging economies such as China. Many age-related diseases are fostered by the lack of physical, cognitive, and social activities. Increasing the activity level has many benefits for the elderly and can improve their independence. The research project REACH (funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under grant agreement No. 690425) aims to develop a service system that will turn clinical and care environments into personalized modular sensing, prevention, and intervention systems that encourage the elderly to become healthy through activities (e.g., physical, cognitive, socializing, personalized food, etc.). As a core research partner, the Chair of Building Realization and Robotics at Technical University of Munich developed a series of Personalized Intelligent Interior Units (PI²Us), which are a special type of smart furniture, that materialize the REACH concepts and functionality seamlessly into the different REACH use case settings. Specifically, the design and functions of the PI²Us, which consist of the PI²U-SilverArc, PI²U-MiniArc, PI²U-Bed, and PI²U-iStander, will be described in detail. In addition, a modular apartment integrating all PI²Us and key technologies in REACH is designed and simulated to create a total interior living and care environment for elderly users. Due to its modularity, parts of the apartment can be easily adapted and rapidly deployed in different REACH use case settings in four European countries, which will then help the REACH consortium execute a series of testing activities. In conclusion, this research project provides a systematic and innovative example for the world to mitigate the impact of aging society.
GEOMETRIC EFFECT AND SLIP FLOW ON MICROCHANNEL HEAT EXCHANGER A REVIEW

The following review paper is based on the study of heat transfer in micro channel heat exchanger. This review paper contains slip flow effect on micro channel and influence of channel geometry. To increase the performance of micro channel some points like; slip flow effect on micro channel, influence of channel geometry etc. are important to consider.
SMALL SAMPLE PROPERTIES OF MATCHING WITH CALIPER1

A caliper mechanism is a common tool used to prevent from inexact matches. The existing literature discusses asymptotic properties of matching with caliper. In this simulation study we investigate properties in small and medium sized samples. We show that caliper causes a signifi cant bias of the ATT estimator and raises its variance in comparison to one-to-one matching.
Failure tolerance for a multicore real-time system scheduled by PD 2

This work addresses the problem of failure tolerance for realtime applications, running on a multicore hardware architecture. In fact, at any time during the scheduling process, a problem may occur on any of the processor cores, affecting the task that was running on it. We focus on systems composed of periodic independent tasks with simultaneous first release and implicit deadlines. The system is scheduled under the fair algorithm PD2. Our approach is based on limited hardware redundancy: the system will run on a processor with one more core than required. Then we prove that, if the subtask running on the faulty core is not rescheduled, the application can keep running on the remaining cores without temporal or fairness
Expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules in rodent retina. Immunohistochemical study.

PURPOSE In Lewis rats, S-antigen-induced intraocular inflammation, which occurs initially in the retina, is mediated by T cells requiring major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted antigen presentation. In such organ-specific inflammation, antigen presentation may take place at the site of the initial inflammatory response. In the present study an attempt was made to determine the presence of the putative antigen-presenting cells in the retina of rats. METHODS Six bone marrow chimeras were constructed by transferring 50 x 10(6) donor [Lewis x Brown Norway, (LBN) F1] bone marrow cells into lethally irradiated Brown Norway rats. Three chimeras, 3 Lewis, and 2 Brown Norway rats each received intravenous injections of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) at a dose of 2 x 10(5) U/rat, 48 and 24 hours before enucleation of the globes. Enucleated globes from the 3 remaining untreated chimeras, 21 additional Lewis rats, and 6 Brown Norway rats served as controls. Retinas from all globes were prepared for either wholemount or cryosectioning and were stained using various primary antibodies, including anti-Lewis MHC class II (OX3), anti-rat MHC class II (OX6), anti-Lewis MHC class I (II-69), anti-rat MHC class I (OX18), anti-macrophage complement receptor 3 (OX42), anti-monocytes/macrophages (ED1, ED2, and ED3), and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Fluorescein-conjugated goat anti-mouse and rhodamine-conjugated anti-rabbit immunoglobulins were used to detect the monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies, respectively. All the specimens were examined under Zeiss confocal laser scanning microscopy. The positively stained cells were counted for quantitative analysis. RESULTS Major histocompatibility complex class II (OX6)-positive cells were demonstrated in the wholemount retinas of IFN-gamma-untreated chimeras, Lewis, and Brown Norway rats. These cells showed a dendritic morphology and increased significantly in number in IFN-gamma-treated Lewis and Brown Norway rats. Expression of Lewis-specific class I (II-69) and class II (OX3) molecules was detected in a few perivascular cells in the retina of chimeric rats treated with IFN-gamma. Most dendritic cells in the retina expressed the macrophage markers, ED1 and OX42, without IFN-gamma treatment. However, vascular endothelia, retinal pigment epithelia, Müller cells, and astrocytes stained neither by Class II molecules nor by macrophage markers. The vascular endothelium and retinal pigment epithelium was found to express constitutively class I molecules (OX18). CONCLUSIONS A subpopulation of retinal microglia can express MHC class II molecules. Only a few of these are derived from bone marrow. Retinal microglial cells, particularly those derived from bone marrow, may participate in antigen presentation and the subsequent development of retinitis, as seen in S-antigen-induced experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis.
Closing a gap in cyanophycin metabolism

Cyanophycin is a bacterial polymer that consists of the two amino acids aspartate and arginine, forming a poly-L-aspartic acid backbone with each carboxyl group linked to an arginine residue (multi-L-arginyl-poly-L-aspartic acid) (Simon, 1971). Cyanophycin was identified as a constituent of granular inclusions in cyanobacteria (Allen et al., 1980) and was therefore referred to as cyanophycin granule polypeptide (CGP). CGP is synthetized by a single enzyme, cyanophycin synthetase, CphA1, in a two-step reaction from L-aspartate and L-arginine, with one ATP used per step. The first step in cyanophycin formation is an aspartate ligase reaction, where the C terminus of the growing chain is phosphorylated and then an aspartate residue is attached via peptide bond formation. Second, the b-carboxyl group of the newly added aspartate residue is phosphorylated and then ligated to the a-amino group of an L-arginine residue (Berg, 2003; Ziegler et al., 1998). By these consecutive reactions, an Asp–Arg co-polymer is formed with a chain length of 100–500 Asp–Arg building units. With a C/N ratio of 2 : 1, this polymer is extremely rich in nitrogen and an excellent nitrogen storage compound (Carr, 1988; Obst & Steinbüchel, 2006). In agreement, CGP accumulates in many cyanobacteria under conditions of unbalanced growth (Allen et al., 1980), when nitrogen is still available in abundance. The ability to form CGP is widespread among cyanobacteria and is found in both non-diazotrophic and diazotrophic strains. Meanwhile, CphA homologues were also identified in some heterotrophic bacteria (Krehenbrink et al., 2002; Ziegler et al., 2002).
Automated Search for Lyman-alpha Emitters in the DEEP 3 Galaxy Redshift Survey

This paper presents research on automatically identifying emission lines in large spectroscopic surveys. Prior work used manual inspection of spectra from the DEEP3 galaxy redshift surveys to search for Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs). However, this approach is labor-intensive. It is possible to use algorithmic methods to automatically identify such emitters. This paper describes the design and implementation of a system to find LAEs in an automated manner. The algorithm has successfully identified LAEs in the redshift range 3.0-6.6. Results are presented from running the algorithm on the entire DEEP3 database. The paper also discusses the potential for further automated spectrographic analyses of DEEP3 and other surveys.
Isolation of salmonella from moderately polluted waters.

In recent years there has been a de creasi g confidence in the significa ce of the coliform group as indicators of fecal pollution.1-4 This decreased confidence is at least partially a result of the frequency of recent reports of waterborne outbreaks of salmonellosis in communities where wa ter supplies were considered to be ade quately protected by coliform standards.510 Two obvious facts that emerge from these localized epidemics are that (a) the threat of intestinal waterborne disease is still very much a reality despite the general excel lence of water supply quality, and (b) no index organism test based on fecal dis charges should be used alone as a standard but only in conjunction with overall sani tary evaluations. As a result of the above factors, there have been demands for the development of specific qualitative and quantitative methods for the demonstration of enteric pathogens in wastewater effluents and re ceiving waters. Gallagher and Spino11 and Grunnet and Nielson4 have recom mended that coliform studies be sup plemented with qualitative Salmonella ex aminations whenever stream or effluent studies are being considered. Because of the relatively low Salmonella densities, as compared with coliform den sities and the lack of specific cultural knowledge, the testing of natural waters for salmonellae was long regarded as un rewarding and time-consuming. However, recent publications12"15 indicate that sim ple, reliable culturing techniques have been developed and are being used suc cessfully to isolate salmonellae from water. Because all members of the genus are potentially pathogenic, these organisms when found are interpreted by bac teriologists and public health officials to represent positive proof of public health hazard.
How to analyze seed germination data using statistical time-to-event analysis : nonparametric and semiparametric methods

Here we provide the following supplementary material: (1) a derivation of the life-table estimator of the survivor function, (2) an overview of the Mantel-Haenzel test for comparing groups based on interval data, (3) some additional statistical details about exact-data methods for comparing groups, (4) an assessment of the effect of random seed loss, (5) a derivation of the recommended graphical procedure for assessing the proportional hazards (PH) assumption on which the Cox model is based, (6) a detailed exposition of the steps involved in applying the Cox model to the Japanese knotweed test data, and (7) sample R and SAS code for implementing the various methods of time-to-event analysis discussed in the text.
Optimization Method for Twin-Tunnel Complementary Ventilation Design and Its Energy Saving Effect

Based on the compensation principle and optimization theory, an energy conservation optimization mode for twin-tunnels complementary ventilation design was proposed. And, compensation concept utilization in energy conservation of long tunnels ventilation was discussed. The energy consumption for long tunnels can be reduced significantly by remoulding longitudinal ventilation to complementary ventilation of single U-type mode or normal mode. The short-term and long-term ventilation systems of the Qingniling Tunnel, Dabieshan Tunnel, and Lianghekou Tunnel were redesigned using the optimization method, and the new scheme was compared to the original design in terms of ventilation effects, and energy consumption. In redesign, the energy consumption of short-term ventilation systems decreased 240 kW, 150 kW, and 390 kW, and energy efficiency increased by 40%, 50%, and 68.4%, respectively. In the long term, the numbers of those were 1185 kW, 1185kW, and 540 kW, and 42.5%, 58.09%, and 45%, while the pollutants concentration increased a little. The study can provide a reference for the energy efficient design of ventilation systems in long and extra-long highway tunnels.
The Word of Adolescence That Have Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Empathy Development for Nurses Caring

Amac: Arastirma, Tip 1 Diyabetes Mellitusu (DM) olan adolesanlara bakim veren hemsirelerin empatik yaklasimlarini gelistirmek uzere tek gruplu ontest- sontest yari deneysel desen ile yapilmistir. Yontemler: Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Farabi Hastanesi Adolesan Servisi’nde hasta bakiminda yer alan sekiz klinik hemsiresinin tamami arastirmaya alinmistir. Empati egitim programinin uygulanmasi 08-09 Agustos 2011 tarihlerinde arastirmaci tarafindan gerceklestirilmistir. Program iki gun, gunde sekiz saat olmak uzere toplam 16 saat surmustur. Arastirmada veriler “Adolesanlarin Kendilerini Anlatma Formu”, “Derinlemesine Gorusme Formu” “Hemsirelerde Empati Veri Formu” ve “Hemsirelerin Sozel ifade Kayit Formu” ile toplanmistir. Arastirmanin yapildigi hastaneden kurum izni alinmistir. Arastirmaya 13-18 yas grubu ve en az bir yil tip 1 DM olan adolesanlar katilmistir. Bulgular: Arastirmada tip 1 diyabet hastasi olan adolesanlarin donem ozellikleri ve benliklerinin etkilenmesi; damgalanma ve kendini farkli hissetme; hastaliga bagli yasadigi stres, kaygi, korku ve hastaliklarini yonetme stratejileri, riskli davranislara girme ve hastaliklari ile bas etmeleri yonunden egitim oncesi bakim veren hemsirelerle adolesanlarin algilamalari arasinda ozellikle fiziksel konularda kismen benzerlikler oldugu saptanmistir. Hemsirelerin egitim sonrasi algilamalarinda egitim oncesine gore ozellikle duygusal yonlerde daha kapsamli algilama yonunde bir degisim oldugu bulunmustur. Arastirmanin ikinci kisminda hemsirelerin egitim oncesi gozlemlerinde adolesanlarla teslim, tedavi ve aksam yemegi sirasinda kurduklari toplam 136 sozel iletisim kaydedilmistir. Bu iletisimlerin %80,1’inin “empatik olmayan” %19,9’unun “empatik” yaklasim ozelligi gostermesi ile “empatik olmayan” yaklasimlarin egitim oncesi hemsireler tarafindan daha sik kullanildigi belirlenmistir. Egitim sonrasi iletisimlere bakildiginda, toplam 82 iletisimin %15,9’ unun “empatik olmayan” ve %84,1’inin empatik yaklasim ozelligi gosterdigi bulunmustur. Empatik olmayan iletisim sayisinda belirlenen bu gerilemeye gore hemsirelerin egitim sonrasi bu yaklasimlari daha az kullandiklari gorulmustur. Sonuc: Hemsirelerin egitim sonrasi “empatik olmayan” yaklasimlari daha az, empatik yaklasimlari ise cok ve sik kullandiklari gorulmus ve empati egitiminin hem- sirelerin empati becerilerinin gelistirilmede etkili oldugu belirlenmistir.
STUDY ON THE SEVEREST DESIGN GROUND MOTIONS

For the seismic design and structure analysis, especially for the huge complex structure, one of the most important tasks is selecting the proper real ground motions for design. The idea of selecting the severest design ground motions is presented in this paper. The severest design ground motions should be selected from the existing strong earthquake ground motions that can drive the structure to its critical response and thereby result in the highest damage potential.
A novel dual-input isolated current-fed DC-DC converter for renewable energy system

In this paper, a novel isolated current-fed DC-DC converter (boost-type) with two input power sources based on multi-transformer structure, which is suitable for fuel cells and super-capacitors hybrid energy system, is proposed and designed. With particular transformer windings connection strategy, the proposed converter can draw power from two different DC sources with lower voltage and deliver it to the higher voltage DC bus or load individually and simultaneously. The detailed operation principle of the proposed converter has been analyzed in dual-input mode and single-input mode, respectively. Furthermore, the method to increase the number of input ports, the magnetic integration structure, and ground loop decoupling are discussed. Experimental results from the lab prototype converter with two DC voltage sources verify the validity of the theoretical analysis and design of the converter.