Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transforming while transferring: An exploratory study of how transferability of skills is key in the transformation of higher education

The importance of skills within the transformation of higher education is a crucial factor that has been insufficiently considered. Transformation in terms of higher education forms a fundamental part of the post-apartheid South African society. This transformation movement seems to exclude the possible role and contributions of the older generation of academics. Using a social constructionist viewpoint, this qualitative study sought to bring to the debate of transformation of higher education the important question of skills transferability between older generation academics and the new generation. From interviewing five retired white academics, the study found that institutional culture and implementation of labour legislation through the Human Resources department by the university in question affect the transferability of skills and that proper programmes of voluntary mentorship should be put in place as to allow the growth of both the older generation and new generation academics. The use of new generation academics’ perspectives could yield more results and findings that can further this area of study, as well as allow a more diverse and richer understanding of the perception of skills transferability within the transformation of higher education institutions. This further understanding for research is needed to emphasise the importance of knowledge production through the integration of both young academics’ as well as older academics’ perspectives. This is to be achieved by engaging with other universities and academics, so that a broader analysis of skills transferability within higher education can be understood.
Control of human papillomavirus type 11 origin of replication by the E2 family of transcription regulatory proteins

Replication of human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV-11) DNA requires the full-length viral E1 and E2 proteins (C.-M. Chiang, M. Ustav, A. Stenlund, T. F. Ho, T. R. Broker, and L. T. Chow, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:5799-5803, 1992). Using transient transfection of subgenomic HPV DNA into hamster CHO and human 293 cells, we have localized an origin of replication (ori) to an 80-bp segment in the upstream regulatory region spanning nucleotide 1. It overlaps the E6 promoter region and contains a short A + T-rich segment and a sequence which is homologous to the binding site of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) E1 protein in the BPV-1 ori. However, unlike the BPV-1 ori, for which half an E2-responsive sequence (E2-RS) or binding site suffices, an intact binding site is essential for the HPV-11 ori. Replication was more efficient when additional E2-RSs were present. The intact HPV-11 genome also replicated in both cell lines when supplied with E1 and E2 proteins. Expression vectors of transcription repressor proteins that lack the N-terminal domain essential for E2 transcriptional trans activation did not support replication in collaboration with the E1 expression vector. Rather, cotransfection with the repressor expression vectors inhibited ori replication by the E1 and E2 proteins. These results demonstrate the importance of the N-terminal domain of the E2 protein in DNA replication and indicate that the family of E2 proteins positively and negatively regulates both viral DNA replication and E6 promoter transcription.
A redundant manipulator design for active space debris removal

Considering space debris population keeping growing on the stationary orbit, a 7-DOF space redundant manipulator has been proposed for active space debris removal with large size (larger than 10cm). Specifically, based on the virtual manipulator (VM) kinematics modeling, a kinematics model of 7-DOF space manipulator is built and the kinematic equation is constructed in free flying mode. Then, an inverse kinematics optimization approach is achieved based on the weighted least-norm solution (WLN). Simulation results clearly show that superior trajectory tracking control for space debris in the manipulator reachable space can be achieved in the space microgravity environment, which provides theoretical support of space manipulator kinematic level for further debris capture and removal.
Keratan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans in Murine Eosinophil-specific Granules

We examined the presence of sialyl glycoconjugates in specific granules from murine bone marrow eosinophils. Lectin cytochemistry using Maackia amurensis lectin II (MAL II) specific for sialyl α-2,3 galactose residues demonstrated positive labeling in both immature and mature specific granules. Pretreatment with Clostridium neuraminidase or keratanase II eliminated the positive labeling of MAL II in the specific granules. High iron diamine-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate physical development (HID-TCH-SP-PD) staining, which is specific for sulfated glycoconjugates, also positively labeled immature specific granules lacking crystalloids but not mature granules with crystalloids. Pretreatment with a combination of chondroitinase ABC and keratanase, or a combination of chondroitinase ABC and keratanase II, eliminated the positive labeling obtained with HID-TCH-SP-PD. These results indicate that the sialyl residues detected by MAL II are expressed as terminal sugar residues of keratan sulfate proteoglycan, which appears to be of the corneal type in view of its sensitivity to keratanase and keratanase II.
Broadband Dual-Polarization Microwave Absorber Based on Broadside-Folded Dipole Array With Triangle-Lattice Cells

An improved folded dipole is employed to realize broadband dual-polarization microwave absorber. To further widen the bandwidth, different kinds of lattice cells are considered in the array. It is found that the triangle-lattice cell with equal element spacer would be the best choice. The numerical and measured results show that the relative bandwidth of the absorber surface consisting of triangle cells can reach up to a bandwidth of 112.1% with frequency ratio 3.55 and thickness of 0.22 λ0. The sensitivity to the oblique incidence has been decreased and can be well kept with reflection of -10 dB within the incident angle of 45°.
The Impact of Labor Rights on Equity Returns: A Cross-Country Analysis

There is ample evidence that financial market development leads to economic growth. If improving labor rights can be shown to positively influence equity markets, then that, in turn, will lead to economic growth. The finance literature has examined the impact of a broader metric, namely, the Economic Freedom Index, on equity returns worldwide and the evidence is mixed. This study focuses on one dimension of economic freedom: labor rights. Specifically, the study analyzes the impact of labor rights on national equity market indexes, using the Labor Rights Index developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Fraser Institute (FI). Using panel regression analysis for 49 countries (for the OECD Index) and 76 countries (for the FI Index) over the period 1985 through 2014, the study finds that changes in labor rights have a statistically significant positive impact on equity returns, after controlling for business-cycle effects and time fixed effects. The study also finds significant differences in the Labor-Rights-Equity Returns relationship between developed and less developed economies.
Continuity and development in the acquisition of inversion in yes/no questions: dissociating movement and inflection

This paper examines two- to five-year-old children's knowledge of inversion in English yes/no questions through a new experimental study. It challenges the view that the syntax for inversion develops slowly in child English and tests the hypothesis that grammatical competence for inversion is present from the earliest testable ages of the child's sentence production. The experimental design is based on the premise that a valid test of this hypothesis must dissociate from inversion various language-specific aspects of English grammar, including its inflectional system. An elicited imitation method was used to test parallel, lexically-matched declarative and question structures across several different verb types in a design which dissociated subject-auxiliary inversion from the English-specific realization of the inflectional/auxiliary system. Using this design, the results showed no significant difference in amount or type of children's errors between declarative (non-inverted) and question (inverted) sentences with modals or auxiliary be, but a significant difference for sentences with main verbs (requiring reconstruction of inflection through do-support) and copula be. The results from sentences with auxiliary be and those with modals indicate that knowledge of inversion is present throughout our very young sample and does not develop during this time. We argue that these results indicate that the grammar of inversion is present from the youngest ages tested. Our results also provide evidence of development relevant to the English-specific inflectional system. We conclude with a new developmental hypothesis: development in question formation occurs in integrating language-specific knowledge related to inflection with the principles of Universal Grammar which allow grammatical inversion.
Azimuth Ambiguity Suppression in SAR Images Based on VS-KSVD Dictionary Learning and Compressive Sensing

The azimuth ambiguities appear widely in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images, which causes a large number of false targets and seriously affect the quality of image interpretation. Due to under-sampling in Doppler domain, ambiguous energy is mixed with energy from the main zone in the time and frequency domains. In order to effectively suppress the ambiguous energy in SAR images without loss of resolution, this paper presents a novel method of KSVD dictionary learning based on variance statistics (VS-KSVD) and compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction. According to the statistical characteristics of distributed targets, the dictionary that represents the ambiguities is selected and suppressed by coefficient weighting, in which local window filtering is carried out to remove the block effect and optimize the edge information. Finally, the high resolution images with low-ambiguity can be reconstructed by CS. With the proposed approach, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by using satellite data and simulation in suppressing azimuth ambiguity.
Do isokinetic angular velocity and contraction types affect the predictors of different anaerobic power tests?

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the most important predictor isokinetic muscle strength determined by different angular velocities and contraction types (i.e. concentric and eccentric) for selected anaerobic power tests in volleyball players. METHODS Twenty male and ten female amateur volleyball players participated in this study. Selected anaerobic power tests included Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ). Peak torque values were obtained at 60, 120, 240˚/s for concentric contraction of quadriceps (Qconc) and Hamstring (Hconc) and at 60˚/s for eccentric contraction of quadriceps (Qecc) and Hconc. RESULTS Moderate to good correlations (r:0.409 to r:0.887) were found between anaerobic tests and isokinetic data including peak torque and total work of both Hconc and Qconc at 60, 120, 240°/s and Qecc at 60°/s (P<0.05). Qconc measured at each of 60, 120, 240°/s was found to be the only significant predictor for anaerobic tests in linear regression models (P<0.05). Correlation coefficient s for Qconc increased with increasing velocity for each of the anaerobic tests. Correlation coefficient of Qconc was highest for CMJ followed by SJ and WAnT at the same angular velocity. As a distinctive feature, both Qecc and Hconc at 60˚/s were significantly predictors for CMJ and SJ. CONCLUSIONS Qconc peak torque was the single significant predictor for WAnT, SJ and CMJ and strength of the relation increases with increasing angular velocity. However, both Qecc and Hconc were significant indicators for CMJ and SJ. Training with higher isokinetic angular velocities and with eccentric contraction is desirable in a training program that has a goal of improving anaerobic performance in volleyball players.
Constructing the 'Addict': A Discourse Analysis of National Newspapers Concerning North America's First Supervised Injection Site

Safe injection sites provide injection drug users with a safe space to inject drugs with clean supplies under the supervision of medical professionals. This study centres on a discursive analysis of newspaper representations of Insite, North America’s first supervised injection site, located in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Insite opened in 2003 under an exemption from the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and has provided benefits to its clients through a reduction in public injections, decreased spread of infectious disease, and by providing clients with referrals to other community and social services. Despite these accomplishments the Canadian federal Conservative government, led by Stephen Harper, engaged in efforts to close the site in 2008. This resulted in legal battles which moved through the British Columbia Supreme Court, the British Columbia Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court of Canada. This study focuses on how Canadian national newspapers represented the Supreme Court decision in 2011 that allowed Insite to remain open under an exemption. The sample included 25 articles in total from The Globe and Mail and the National Post. Through a discourse analysis situated in the Foucauldian tradition this paper seeks to answer the following research questions: how is Insite and the court case represented in newsprint media and how are Insite’s stakeholders and clients represented in news media in 2011? The results from the analysis revealed that Insite was represented in terms of the health benefits it provides to its clients and the benefits it provides to the broader community through an increase in public order. While not spoken about equally, the smaller space allocated to discuss public order still provides the reader with the indication that the benefits to the broader community are also important to recognize when implementing supervised injection sites. Further, discussions surrounding public order and new supervised injection sites within the sample revealed that the authors of the newspaper articles believed that the readers of the articles
Beam space transformation based Direction of Arrival estimation and auto calibration for a Circular Array in passive radar

We investigate the capability of beam space transformation based Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation algorithms and an auto calibration method for the application in passive radar systems using real field measurements. For this, we considered three different DoA methods: Taylor, Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR)-Capon and a modified Bucci algorithm. All these methods employ phase mode excitation-based beamspace transformation. We also investigate the ability of the Uniform Circular Array (UCA) to perform self-calibration directly from the received DVB-T signal. The results have confirmed satisfactory estimation and detection performance.
Generation of an autologous tissue (matrix) flap by combining an arteriovenous shunt loop with artificial skin in rats: preliminary report.

The present experiment was designed to investigate the possibility of prefabricating a tissue flap in a rat by combining an arteriovenous (A-V) shunt loop with artificial skin dermis (AS). The A-V fistula loop was constructed between the right femoral artery and vein by the interposition of a vein graft and the loop was wrapped with a folded sheet of AS and buried beneath the inguinal skin. In the control group the folded sheet of AS was inserted without a vessel loop and embedded in the inguinal region as in the experimental group. There were three experiments. In experiment 1, the total volume of the generated tissue formed within the AS was calculated after 4 weeks in the experimental and control groups. In experiment 2, the AS in the experimental group was harvested at 2 (group 1) and 4 (group 2) weeks after insertion to assess the change in morphology over time. In experiment 3, full thickness skin grafts were placed over the generated tissue of the experimental groups to investigate the possibility of creating skin flaps. The total volume of tissue generated in the experimental group was significantly greater than in the control group (P< 0.01). Histological and carbon injection studies suggest that the new capillary bed is derived from the graft loop vessels and tissue generation and organisation of the AS were further advanced in group 2 than in group 1. The skin grafts placed over the tissues generated showed complete survival and could be raised as island flaps in both groups.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 is involved in myelination of dorsal root ganglia neurons

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a large family of endopeptidases that are capable of degrading all extracellular matrix components. There is increasing evidence that MMPs are not only involved in tissue destruction but may also exert beneficial effects during axonal regeneration and nerve remyelination. Here, we provide evidence that MMP‐2 (gelatinase A) is associated with the physiological process of myelination in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In a myelinating co‐culture model of Schwann cells and dorsal root ganglia neurons, MMP‐2 expression correlated with the degree of myelination as determined by immunocytochemistry, zymography, and immunosorbent assay. Modulation of MMP‐2 activity by chemical inhibitors led to incomplete and aberrant myelin formation. In vivo MMP‐2 expression was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Guillain‐Barré syndrome as well as in CSF and sural nerve biopsies of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Our findings suggest an important, previously unrecognized role for MMP‐2 during myelination in the PNS. Endogenous or exogenous modulation of MMP‐2 activity may be a relevant target to enhance regeneration in demyelinating diseases of the PNS. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of the aeronautic environment on the Partial Discharges Ignition: A basic study

The ever increasing demand of electric power for the new aircrafts generation in the frame of MEA "More Electrical Aircraft" or AEA "All Electrical Aircraft" will result in an increase of the voltage level. This increase may induce the ignition of "corona" or ore generally speaking "Partial Discharges". These later, known as the silent enemies, will affect the reliability of the system. However when dealing with Partial discharges, not only the voltage magnitude has to be taken into account but also the environment surrounding the Electrical Insulation Systems (EIS). According to the nature of the electrical equipment, its location may be in pressurized or unpressurized areas. Thus, the environmental conditions may change from -60degC to +180 degC from Atmospheric pressure to less than 125 mbars and for relative humidity ranging between nearly zero to 100%. Since all these parameters may affect the Discharge Inception Voltage (DIV) of the equipment, it is necessary to evaluate their impact and the classical Paschen Curve has to be re plotted according to these parameters. Therefore, an experimental set-up allowing the determination of DIV between two spherical electrodes placed into a cell where the environmental conditions (pressure, R.H, T) may be controlled has been built. In this paper we will present this set-up. We will then give and discuss the main results we have obtained. The main goal of this work is to determine the worst environmental conditions leading to PD appearance and to reinforce EIS in order to endure them or to avoid their appearance thus increasing the reliability while in operations. All these points will be detailed in the full paper.
Crystal Structure of Human Gastric Lipase and Model of Lysosomal Acid Lipase, Two Lipolytic Enzymes of Medical Interest*

Fat digestion in humans requires not only the classical pancreatic lipase but also gastric lipase, which is stable and active despite the highly acidic stomach environment. We report here the structure of recombinant human gastric lipase at 3.0-Å resolution, the first structure to be described within the mammalian acid lipase family. This globular enzyme (379 residues) consists of a core domain belonging to the α/β hydrolase-fold family and a “cap” domain, which is analogous to that present in serine carboxypeptidases. It possesses a classical catalytic triad (Ser-153, His-353, Asp-324) and an oxyanion hole (NH groups of Gln-154 and Leu-67). Four N-glycosylation sites were identified on the electron density maps. The catalytic serine is deeply buried under a segment consisting of 30 residues, which can be defined as a lid and belonging to the cap domain. The displacement of the lid is necessary for the substrates to have access to Ser-153. A phosphonate inhibitor was positioned in the active site that clearly suggests the location of the hydrophobic substrate binding site. The lysosomal acid lipase was modeled by homology, and possible explanations for some previously reported mutations leading to the cholesterol ester storage disease are given based on the present model.
Control of phycobiliprotein proteolysis and heterocyst differentiation in Anabaena

Phycobiliprotein degradation can be initiated in cultures of the cyanobacterium Anabaena by removal of combined nitrogen from the medium. Certain strains of Anabaena differentiate cells specialized for aerobic nitrogen fixation (heterocysts) under such conditions. We describe here a procedure for the preparation of extracts from heterocysts or vegetative cells that contain an activity capable of degrading only the phycobiliproteins in a mixture of soluble Anabaena proteins in vitro. This activity increased under nitrogen starvation conditions or in ammonia-replete cultures treated with the glutamine synthetase inhibitor methionine sulfoximine. The increase in activity induced by nitrogen starvation was prevented by chloramphenicol or by carbon starvation. Under all these conditions, phycobiliprotein degradative activity assayed in vitro was correlated with the loss of phycobiliprotein absorbance in vivo. Finally, starvation of a met auxotroph of Anabaena for methionine (in the presence of ammonia) did not induce phycobiliprotein degradation in vivo or the increase in proteinase activity. Together with direct measurements of ppGpp, these results indicate that proteolysis in Anabaena is not controlled by compounds associated with the stringent response in Escherichia coli. Since the increase in proteinase activity appears to be regulated by the same variables that control heterocyst differentiation, the activity should provide a useful biochemical marker for the early events of differentiation.
Nocturnal Polyuria in Older People: Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

OBJECTIVES: To review the physiological changes of aging which affect the systems involved in urine formation and to consider how these changes interact with changes in bladder function, thereby leading to the onset of nocturnal polyuria with associated urinary frequency, nocturia, and incontinence. Based on this information, data are presented on the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions which reduce the rate of urine formation and, thus, can be of benefit in reducing symptoms, especially during the nighttime.