Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reaction heat effects on initial linear shrinkage and deformation in stereolithography

In the industrial use of stereolithography, precision is always a problem. The basic phenomenon of solidification shrinkage has not been sufficiently investigated. This study aims at clarifying the initial linear shrinkage of cured resin in a minute volume. Experimental equipment has been developed which measures the time history of the single strand in situ in a stereolithography machine. An analysis model of the time history of a minute volume linear shrinkage was shown using the measured shrinkage of a cured line segment. The relation between the time history of the linear shrinkage and temperature was measured and the shrinkage in the minute volume after irradiation was found to result due to temperature variation. Deformation and linear shrinkage were measured with two scanning orders to control the thermal distribution in layer forming. The effects of thermal distribution were also observed in one layer forming.
Kainate activation of horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells in the rabbit retina

Patterns of excitation in populations of retinal bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells were mapped by activating α‐amino‐3‐hydroxyl‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid (AMPA) and kainate (KA) receptors with KA in the presence of the channel‐permeant guanidinium analogue 1‐amino‐4‐guanidobutane (AGB). Registered serial thin sections were probed with immunoglobulins targeting AGB, glutamate, glycine, and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) to visualize KA‐evoked responses and the neurochemical signatures of distinct cell types. OFF‐center cone bipolar cells and both type A and type B horizontal cells were strongly activated by KA. ON‐center cone bipolar cells displayed weak AGB signals that arose at least partially, if not entirely, from coupling with KA‐responsive glycinergic amacrine cells, whereas rod bipolar cells exhibited no detectable AGB permeation after KA activation. GABA‐positive amacrine cells displayed a range of KA responses, some possessing little AGB signal even after strong KA activation, whereas all identifiable glycine‐positive amacrine cells were driven by KA. Quantitative agonist responsivities of cells in the ganglion cell layer revealed that starburst amacrine cells are the most KA‐responsive cell type in that layer. Ganglion cells varied in KA responsivity across morphologic subtypes, with a large α‐like ganglion cell group the being the most KA responsive. Some ganglion cells displayed weak KA responses, even with saturating doses, that may have been be due to an absence of AMPA/KA receptors or to the existence of AGB‐impermeant AMPA/KA receptor complexes. J. Comp. Neurol. 407:65–76, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Classification of Markers in the ARTool Kit Library to Reduce Inter-marker Confusion

Fiducial markers are widely used in many Augmented Reality (AR) applications such as to manipulate AR objects, robot navigation, education and AR based games. ARTool Kit is an open source, easy to configure and well-documented tracking system which is widely used for designing marker based AR applications. The patterns inside the markers often cause inter-marker confusion in the library. Currently there is no specialized algorithm to ensure the markers distinction in the library and to reduce inter-marker confusion. In this paper we present algorithms for classification of the markers in the ARTool Kit library in a given number of distinct classes. The degrees of similarities among the markers are computed and stored in an N-by-N matrix and then kmeans algorithm is used to classify the matrix into k classes. It is recommended to use markers from different classes to reduce inter-marker confusion. The marker from a class of smaller size will have minimal confusion with others.
Macroscopic Behaviors of Dioxins in the Iron Ore Sintering Plants

The emissions of dioxins to the environmental air from iron ore sintering plants become to be regulated by the new Japanese law against dioxins. The emissions from Japanese sintering plants have been already fairly low levels by large efforts made so far for their reduction. However, substantial and systematic countermeasures are not yet developed and, further, detailed information has not been available on the formation/decomposition of dioxins in the sintering plant. In the present investigation, two different plants were chosen and samplings were made for gaseous, liquid and solid materials at various positions of the processes. Concentrations of dioxins and other compounds of the samples were analyzed. Understanding of the characteristics of the dioxins formation in the sintering g process has been attempted on the basis of the analytical results. Macroscopic behavior of dioxins in the sintering and waste gas treatment processes is discussed. Further, the results of the plant test obtained with and without use of recycling materials are reported.
A safety modeling method based on SysML

As the scale and integration of the modern system increasing, the function interactions and coupling relationships in the system increase as well, which eventually makes the system complex more and more. The latent interaction hazards become more difficult to identify which make it harder to perform hazard analysis. The complex characteristics of hazard process in modern system are analyzed from different levels (i.e. same level, cross-level and multi-systems), according to which SysML is chosen to describe the hazard propagation process. A safety modeling technique based on SysML is proposed. Study the correspondence between different hazard propagation modes and SysML diagrams; Utilize SysML comprehensively and clearly to show hazard propagation. Using different SysML model figures to expound different hazard propagation modes, the safety model transformed from design model based on SysML could be acquired. Eventually, the validity of this method is demonstrated by a case study of SMR in flight control system.
A Multisensor Mobile Interface for Industrial Environment and Healthcare Monitoring

This paper presents a reconfigurable multisensor mobile interface architecture that is applicable to heterogeneous sensor applications and also easy to generate new types of combined services. The multisensor interface attributes compactness and flexibility to reconfigurable readout integrated circuits (ROICs) and migration of signal processing and computation burdens from a sensor tag to a smartphone. Two reconfigurable ROICs which were designed and fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS process generate raw digital data from environmental and healthcare sensors. Their detected raw data are wirelessly sent to the smartphone where real-time calibration and postprocessing are performed optimally for each sensor. In an application to industrial systems, an in-vehicle system prototype supporting combined monitoring services of air-quality and healthcare was integrated into a steering wheel cover and experimentally verified to provide real-time measurement of three environmental sensor signals and two healthcare physiological signals with the results displayed on a smartphone.
Identifying multiscale statistical models using the wavelet transform

2 IDENTIFYING MULTISCALE STATISTICAL MODELS USING THE WAVELET TRANSFORM I by Stuart A. Golden Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering on Tuesday, April 23, 1991 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degrees of Electrical Engineer and Master of Science in Electrical Engineering ABSTRACT Recently much attention has been focused on methods for performing multiple resolution decompositions of signals based on wavelet transforms. In this thesis we develop an algorithm to determine optimal wavelet transforms based upon the statistical characterization of the signal being analyzed. Our criterion is based upon the desire to find the optimal wavelet transform approximation of a KarhunenLoeve expansion, i.e. we would like the transformed coefficients to be as close to white as possible. We determine the optimal wavelet transform in a level-by-level procedure. Using Vaidyanathan and Hoang's parameterization [11 of quadrature mirror filters (QMFs), we chose the QMF pair such that the I-level coarser approximation of the signal and the wavelet coefficients at that level are as close to being statistically uncorrelated with each other as possible. This procedure is then repeated for an arbitrary number of levels. We examine the ability of the transform to achieve an approximate Karhunen-Loeve expansion by considering several examples. The examples that we consider are a first-order Gauss-Markov process, a second-order under-damped process, and fractional Brownian motions. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Alan S. Willsky Title: Professor of Electrical Engineering Acknowiedzernents 3 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my advisor Professor Alan Willsky for his continual guidance and support throughout this endeavor. I feel that a large portion of my learning at MIT is a direct result of working with Prof. Willsky. I am also very grateful for the support and assistance of my fellow graduate students. In particular, I greatly appreciate the times that Ken Chou and Darrin Taylor have spent in helping me answer some of my many questions.
An Optimal Parallel Algorithm for Formula Evaluation

A new approach to Buss’s ${\textbf{NC}}^1 $ algorithm [Proc. 19th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, 1987, pp. 123–131] for evaluation of Boolean formulas is presented. This problem is shown to be complete for ${\textbf{NC}}^1 $ over ${\textbf{AC}}^0 $ reductions. This approach is then used to solve the more general problem of evaluating arithmetic formulas by using arithmetic circuits.
Active-passive airborne ocean color measurement. 1: Instrumentation.

A multichannel lidar fluorosensor spectrometer has been configured to function concurrently as a passive spectroradiometer for measuring upwelling ocean color radiance. To accommodate passive detection, the NASA airborne oceanographic lidar (AOL) fluorosensor was modified to electronically integrate, digitize, and record the solar-induced direct current output available from the photomultiplier detectors of the lidar spectrometer along with the previously reported laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and water Raman backscatter signals. In addition to a detailed theoretical analysis of each subsystem, exhaustive test and evaluation experiments were conducted with the dual-mode active and passive AOL system using (a) ground test targets and a calibration hemisphere and (b) field trials flown in the New York Bight region of the Atlantic Ocean. It is shown that very little interaction occurs between the active and passive modes. The justification for a dual-mode active-passive instrument is briefly presented.
Electron diffraction from epitaxial crystals, a convergent-beam electron diffraction of the interface structure for NiSi2/Si and Al/GaAs

Abstract Electron diffraction from a plan-view specimen of a coherent epitaxial bicrystal is studied both theoretically (in a Bloch wave approach using a coincident site lattice) and experimentally (using convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED)). CBED pattern symmetries can be used to find the symmetry of the bicrystal, thus limiting the possible displacements of the two crystals. Numerical calculations are made to show that these effects should be highly sensitive to different shifts of the two crystals. Theory also predicts that features in the higher-order Laue zone (HOLZ) rings can then be used to determine this rigid-body shift. Experiments on the NiSi2/Si(001) system show both the symmetry and the HOLZ features predicted for the previously determined ‘tetrahedrally coordinated’ interface structure. The technique is then applied to molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown Al/GaAs(001). The symmetry of the patterns indicates a relative displacement of high-symmetry form; examination of the HOLZ, however, indi.
Predicting Soccer Matches After Unconscious and Conscious Thought as a Function of Expertise

In two experiments, we investigated the effects of expertise and mode of thought on the accuracy of people's predictions. Both experts and nonexperts predicted the results of soccer matches after conscious thought, after unconscious thought, or immediately. In Experiment 1, experts who thought unconsciously outperformed participants in all other conditions. Whereas unconscious thinkers showed a correlation between expertise and accuracy of prediction, no such relation was observed for conscious thinkers or for immediate decision makers. In Experiment 2, this general pattern was replicated. In addition, experts who thought unconsciously were better at applying diagnostic information than experts who thought consciously or who decided immediately. The results are consistent with unconscious-thought theory.
A WS-REWIRING EVOLVING MODEL OF SCALE-FREE NETWORK *

Although the BA model mimics the growth and preferential connectivity of the real-world networks, there are still some limitations. By studying the small-world network model and the BA model, we propose a WS-rewiring evolving model of scale-free networks in this paper. Comparing to BA model, we found that the power-low tail of the degree distribution of the new model has increased.
Extraction of Disease-Treatment Semantic Relations from Biomedical Sentences

This paper describes our study on identifying semantic relations that exist between diseases and treatments in biomedical sentences. We focus on three semantic relations: Cure, Prevent, and Side Effect. The contributions of this paper consists in the fact that better results are obtained compared to previous studies and the fact that our research settings allow the integration of biomedical and medical knowledge. We obtain 98.55% F-measure for the Cure relation, 100% F-measure for the Prevent relation, and 88.89% F-measure for the Side Effect relation.
Recent Progress in the Preparation, Assembly, Transformation, and Applications of Layer‐Structured Nanodisks beyond Graphene

Layered nanodisks with confined thickness and lateral size have been emerging as a unique type of two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials in recent years. Inheriting some properties of 2D nanosheets and meanwhile possessing the size‐confinement effect, these layered nanodisks exhibit unique optical, electronic, and chemical properties, which endow them with great promise in a wide range of applications. Here, the recent progress of layered nanodisks is introduced. The synthetic strategies, assembly, structural/compositional transformation, and applications of layered nanodisks are systematically described and discussed, with emphasis on their new appealing structures and functions. Finally, some perspectives and future research directions of this promising field are given.
An Overview of Traffic Signs Recognition Methods

Image processing has many areas of applications like in metrological prediction of weather conditions, medical science, artificial intelligence, robotics etc. Traffic signs recognition system is in fact the most happening area of research these days. As the world is moving towards the driverless vehicles, a more automated world is the utmost requirement for improving the road safety. Such systems can help the drivers on signs that they may not have noticed beforehand. These systems are so designed so that they consume less power and hence can be efficiently implemented on hardware. FPGA’s are preferred over CPU and GPU due to its low cost and power, prototyping applications and next levels to ASIC’s development. In this paper we have quoted some basic challenges in traffic signs recognition methods and summarized the various detection and recognition techniques for traffic signs. This paper divided the various methods into three categories: color-based, shape-based and learning-based. We have concluded that the Xilinx System Generator is the best tool while implementing on FPGA’s. It is the fastest resource estimation tool in order to take full advantage of FPGA’s resources. Finally, the hardware perspective of traffic signs implementation is briefly examined.
An Assessment of Experimental Protocols for Tracing Changes in Word Semantics Relative to Accuracy and Reliability

Our research aims at tracking the semantic evolution of the lexicon over time. For this purpose, we investigated two well-known training protocols for neural language models in a synchronic experiment and encountered several problems relating to accuracy and reliability. We were able to identify critical parameters for improving the underlying protocols in order to generate more adequate diachronic language models.
Research on Reputation Systems Based on E-Business to Guarantee Integrity Transactions

It should be designed one kind of reputation system based on the public-key certificate system to assure the strangers in the environment of E-Business to guarantee integrity transactions. This reputation system should satisfy the transaction characteristics of entity in the E-business, which can not only store the reputation evaluation data in a distributed way but also delete the malicious entity effectively based on certificate revocation mechanisms. Aiming at the transaction characteristics of objectivity, simplicity and utility, this paper gives us an improvement on add algorithm and subtraction algorithm for reputation data in the system. At last, using the experiment in analog simulation, it shows that the reputation system can realize those functions effectively.
Combining process and statistical variability in the evaluation of the effectiveness of corners in digital circuit parametric yield analysis

This paper focuses on two main types of MOSFET variability - systematic (process) and statistical (random) variability and discusses the use of process corners as a measure of yield and circuit performance. We provide a methodology for performing large-scale statistical SPICE simulations as a means of evaluating the accuracy of corners in a system dominated by statistical variability and then expand the methodology to include both systematic and statistical variability within the same large-scale SPICE simulations. This large-scale statistical/systematic approach is compared to the “global + local” statistical corner approach, which consists of statistical simulations around the process corners. Finally 2D kernel density estimates are used to extract yield data from the statistical simulations to allow energy/delay/yield optimization to be performed. This in turn highlights the deficiencies of the statistical corner approach.
About the imperfection of objective quality metrics on high-definition video content

Due to the ever-growing importance of video content delivered through today's Internet, not only the availability of high-definition video material but also its high quality must be guaranteed. The latter can be achieved by means of objective video quality metrics. Recently, insufficient quality prediction accuracy for well-known full-reference objective quality metrics on high-definition video content has been reported. With this paper we aim at identifying possible reasons for the observed imperfection.
Highly efficient CMOS rectifier assisted by symmetric and voltage-boost PV-cell structures for synergistic ambient energy harvesting

A highly efficient CMOS rectifier assisted by symmetric PV cells was developed as an example of possible realization of the synergistic ambient energy harvesting concept. In addition, output-voltage-boosted PV cell structures were found to effectively improve the efficiency of this rectifier. As a result, under typical indoor lighting conditions, 30% power conversion efficiency was achieved at -20 dBm of 920 MHz RF input and 100 kΩ loading condition, efficiency 4 times larger than a conventional rectifier without PV assistance.
Advanced Evasive Data Storage in Sensor Networks

In case the data which is stored and processed in a sensor network has some value, it needs to be protected from unauthorized access through a security mechanism. The idea of evasive data storage is that data moves around the sensor network instead of remaining at a fixed location. In this way, an adversary, who has once (through node capture) had access to the data stored at some particular node, must compromise more sensors in order to maintain his illegitimate access to the sensor data. We refine the previously published simple evasive data storage techniques in two ways: (1) we improve the efficiency of data retrieval by bounding the area in which data may move, (2) we introduce data splitting as a technique to protect against sleeper attacks in which the adversary simply takes over a subset of nodes and waits for valuable data to pass by. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using extensive simulations.
Towards the proteome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Human tuberculosis is caused by the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sequencing of the genome of M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv has predicted 3924 open reading frames, and enabled identification of proteins from this bacterium by peptide mass fingerprinting. Extracellular proteins from the culture medium and proteins in cellular extracts were examined by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis using immobilized pH gradient technology. By mass spectrometry and immunodetection, 49 culture filtrate proteins and 118 lysate proteins were identified, 83 of which were novel. To date, 288 proteins have been identified in M. tuberculosis proteome studies, and a list is presented which includes all identified proteins (available at http://www.ssi.dk/publichealth/tbimmun). The information obtained from the M. tuberculosis proteome so far is discussed in relation to the information obtained from the complete genome sequence.
Optical tweezers for single cells

Optical tweezers (OT) have emerged as an essential tool for manipulating single biological cells and performing sophisticated biophysical/biomechanical characterizations. Distinct advantages of using tweezers for these characterizations include non-contact force for cell manipulation, force resolution as accurate as 100 aN and amiability to liquid medium environments. Their wide range of applications, such as transporting foreign materials into single cells, delivering cells to specific locations and sorting cells in microfluidic systems, are reviewed in this article. Recent developments of OT for nanomechanical characterization of various biological cells are discussed in terms of both their theoretical and experimental advancements. The future trends of employing OT in single cells, especially in stem cell delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, are prospected. More importantly, current limitations and future challenges of OT for these new paradigms are also highlighted in this review.