Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
G048.66−0.29: PHYSICAL STATE OF AN ISOLATED SITE OF MASSIVE STAR FORMATION

We present continuum observations of the infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G48.66−0.22 (G48) obtained with Herschel, Spitzer, and APEX, in addition to several molecular line observations. The Herschel maps are used to derive temperature and column density maps of G48 using a model based on a modified blackbody. We find that G48 has a relatively simple structure and is relatively isolated; thus, this IRDC provides an excellent target to study the collapse and fragmentation of a filamentary structure in the absence of complicating factors such as strong external feedback. The derived temperature structure of G48 is clearly non-isothermal from cloud to core scale. The column density peaks are spatially coincident with the lowest temperatures (∼17.5 K) in G48. A total cloud mass of ∼390 M☉ is derived from the column density maps. By comparing the luminosity-to-mass ratio of 13 point sources detected in the Herschel/PACS bands to evolutionary models, we find that two cores are likely to evolve into high-mass stars (M⋆ ⩾ 8 M☉). The derived mean projected separation of point sources is smaller than in other IRDCs but in good agreement with theoretical predications for cylindrical collapse. We detect several molecular species such as CO, HCO+, HCN, HNC, and N2H+. CO is depleted by a factor of ∼3.5 compared to the expected interstellar abundance, from which we conclude that CO freezes out in the central region. Furthermore, the molecular clumps, associated with the submillimeter peaks in G48, appear to be gravitationally unbound or just pressure confined. The analysis of critical line masses in G48 shows that the entire filament is collapsing, overcoming any internal support.
Non‐Computable Functions in Optimality Theory

Is Optimality Theory a constraining theory? A formal analysis shows that it is, if two auxiliary assumptions are made: (1) that only markedness and faithfulness constraints are allowed, and (2) that input and output representations are made from the same elements. Such OT grammars turn out to be incapable of computing circular or infinite chain shifts. These theoretical predictions are borne out by a wide range of natural phonological processes including augmentation, alternations with zero, metathesis, and exchange rules. The results confirm, extend, and account for the observations of Anderson & Browne (1973) on exchange rules in phonology and morphology. Non-computable functions in Optimality Theory 1 1
Causal Bounds and Instruments

Instrumental variables have proven useful, in particular within the social sciences and economics, for making inference about the causal effect of a random variable, B, on another random variable, C, in the presence of unobserved confounders. In the case where relationships are linear, causal effects can be identified exactly from studying the regression of C on A and the regression of B on A, where A is the instrument. In the more general case, bounds have been developed in the literature for the causal effect of B on C, given observational data on the joint distribution of C, B and A. Using an approach based on the analysis of convex polytopes, we develop bounds for the same causal effect when given data on (C,A) and (B, A) only. The bounds developed are thus in direct analogy to the standard use of instruments in econometrics, but we make no assumption of linearity. Use of the bounds is illustrated for experiments with partial compliance. The bounds are, for example, relevant in genetic epidemiology, where the 'Mendelian instrument' S represents a genotype, and where joint data on all of C, B and A may rarely be available but studies involving pairs of these may be abundant. Other examples of bounding causal effects are considered to show that the method applies to DAGs in general, subject to certain conditions.
Fraud Detection Using Reputation Features , SVMs , and Random Forests

Fraud is the use of deception to gain some benefit, often financial gain. Examples of fraud include insurance fraud, credit card fraud, telecommunications fraud, securities fraud, and accounting fraud. Costs for the affected companies are high, and these costs are passed on to their customers. Detection of fraudulent activity is thus critical to control these costs. Last but not least, in order to avoid detection, fraudsters often change their “signatures” (methods of operation). We propose here to address insurance fraud detection via the use of reputation features that characterize insurance claims and ensemble learning to compensate for varying data distributions. We replace each of the original features in the data set with 5 reputation features (RepF): 1) a count of the number of fraudulent claims with the same feature value in the previous 12 months, 2) a count of the number of months in the previous 12 months with a fraudulent claim with the same feature value, 3) a count of the number of legitimate claims with the same feature value in the previous 12 months, 4) a count of the number of months in the previous 12 months with a legitimate claim with the same feature value, and 5) the proportion of claims with the same feature value which are fraudulent in the previous 12 months. Furthermore we use two one-class Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to measure the similarity of the derived reputation feature vector to recently observed fraudulent claims and recently observed legitimate claims. The combined reputation and similarity features are then used to train a Random Forest classifier for new insurance claims. A publicly available auto insurance fraud data set is used to evaluate our approach. Cost savings, the difference in cost for predicting all new insurance claims as non-fraudulent and predicting fraud based on a trained data mining model, are used as our primary evaluation metric. Our approach shows a 13.6% increase in cost savings compared to previously published state of the art results for the auto insurance fraud data set. Keywords—Fraud Detection; Reputation Features; One Class Support Vector Machine; Random Forest; Cost Sensitive Learning
The mental health of early mother separated women

A community based research project was undertaken to discover whether early mother separation was related to adult mental disorder. A population sample of 73 women aged 40–49, who experienced continuous mother absences in excess of 1 year due either to family difficulties (n= 42) or external factors (n= 31), were interviewed about early life experiences and mental health. Controls (n= 69) matched for parental social class and age at father death were similarly interviewed. Three self‐administered tests, the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire, a modified Zung Depression Scale and the Navran Dependency Scale of the MMPI were also completed.
Dietary iron intake and serum ferritin concentration in 213 patients homozygous for the HFEC282Y hemochromatosis mutation.

BACKGROUND HFEC282Y homozygotes have an increased risk for developing increased iron stores and related disorders. It is controversial whether dietary iron restrictions should be recommended to such individuals. OBJECTIVE To determine whether dietary iron content influences iron stores in HFEC282Y homozygotes as assessed by serum ferritin concentration. DESIGN Serum ferritin concentration was measured and a dietary iron questionnaire was completed as part of the evaluation of 213 HFEC282Y homozygotes who were identified through screening of >100,000 primary care patients at five HEmochromatosis and IRon Overload Screening (HEIRS) Study Field Centers in the United States and Canada. RESULTS No significant relationships between serum ferritin concentration and dietary heme iron content, dietary nonheme iron content or reports of supplemental iron use were found. CONCLUSION These results do not support recommending dietary heme or nonheme iron restrictions for HFEC282Y homozygotes diagnosed through screening in North America.
Inner Engineering: A Convergent Mixed Methods Study Evaluating the Use of Contemplative Practices to Promote Resilience Among Freshman Engineering Students

Engineering Systems & Design (EESD) program His primary research interest is integrating the ideas behind mindfulness among engineering students to promote resilience, self-regulated learning, and creativity. Mark is also the Chairman and Director of Programs of a non-proﬁt called 33 Buckets, which empowers rural communi-ties in developing countries to develop solutions for their drinking water problems. Before enrolling in the EESD program, Mark obtained a BS and MS in Biomedical Engineering at ASU. Abstract Despite evidence of the positive effects of mindfulness-based practices on a variety of dimensions including resilience and mental health, in general, there is little to no research on the use of these practices to support engineering education. The integration of mindfulness holds potential for helping engineering students combat stress, which is on the rise among college students. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether engineering students would be receptive to integrating contemplative practices (e.g. mindfulness meditation) to cultivate and reinforce resilient behavior in both their personal lives and in their education. This study presents the results of a brief intervention deployed to approximately 92 freshman engineering students at a large southwestern institution. The intervention introduced engineering students to contemplative practices including mindfulness meditation and discussed how these practices could be integrated into their lives to more effectively handle challenging moments including those inherent in studying engineering. Using a convergent mixed methods design, this study uses a survey with open and closed-ended responses to evaluate levels of mindfulness and resilience, and to investigate students’ interest levels of mindfulness practices. The paper will present an overview of the literature on the connection between mindfulness and resilience, details of the study design, and findings from the qualitative analyses. Results from this study will contribute to a gap in engineering education literature on how mindfulness may assist in developing resilient behavior among engineering students.
Control of neuronal excitability by an ion‐sensing receptor

While most central nervous system (CNS) neurons receive the majority of their input through direct synaptic connections, there is evidence suggesting that they are in fact susceptible to modulation by changes in extracellular ionic composition during both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In many regions of the CNS, there exists an identified extracellular receptor with the ability to sense levels of cations, most notably calcium. Here we report that activation of this calcium receptor (CaR) in neurons of the subfornical organ (SFO), a forebrain circumventricular structure, results in profound effects on neuronal excitability through metabotropic actions on a non‐selective cation channel. Activation of the CaR by NPS R‐467, an allosteric agonist of the CaR, evoked depolarizing plateau potentials ranging in duration from 5 to 30 s. Similarly, 5 mm CaCl2 caused depolarization and increased action potential frequency. NPS R‐467 was found to activate a non‐selective cation channel with a reversal potential of −48 ± 4 mV, and a slope conductance of 2.54 ± 11 nS. This current could also be elicted by spermine, a known agonist of the CaR. CaR‐mediated activation of this channel was dependent upon both G proteins and intracellular Ca2+ signalling, as disruption of these pathways through inclusion of guanosine 5′‐O‐(2‐thiodiphosphate) (GDP‐β‐S) and 1,2‐bis(2‐aminophenoxy)ethane‐N,N,N ′,N ′‐tetraacetic acid (BAPTA), respectively, in the recording pipette prevented activation of the current. Microinjection of CaR agonists into the SFO of anaesthetized rats resulted in a significant, site‐specific elevation of blood pressure (mean area under curve, 141 ± 50 mmHg.s). Together, these results indicate that the CaR can play an important role in transducing the effects of changes in the extracellular ionic composition, and that these effects have implications for the neural control of fluid balance.
H-IBE: Hybrid-identity based encryption approach for cloud security with outsourced revocation

As tremendous growth of cloud computing services in real time applications allows end users of cloud to share their data with each other easily. Multi user data sharing should be secure and integrity should be achieved on cloud. To achieve the data security the methods like IBE (Identity Based Encryption), ABE (Attribute Based Encryption) etc. are widely used in cloud computing environment. However, the problems associated with IBE are extra overhead on private key generator (PKG) for computations required during the user revocation process. From the recent studies, there are two main research problems for cloud computing security such as security improvement using IBE and efficient IBE revocation process. The goal of this paper is to present framework to address both this research challenges. In this paper novel hybrid cloud security method is proposed in order to deliver both efficient revocation and enhanced security. This hybrid approach is combination of two well know security techniques such as IBE and ABE. The ABE method is combined with IBE to achieve the strong security against different threats. Along with user identity, his/her attributes like country or kind of subscription he/she has are used for further process of IBE encryption, decryption and revocation. Another problem of efficient identity revocation is further addressed by presenting the outsourcing computation into hybrid IBE (H-IBE) method at server aided settings. The other components and methods of proposed H-IBE are discussed during this paper and evaluated the performance against existing method.
Size-dependent thresholding as an optimal method for tumor volume delineation on positron emission tomography–computed tomography: A Phantom study

Background: Use of a fixed threshold value for tumor volume delineation in positron emission tomography (PET) images will ignore the effect of size of the lesion and source to background ratio (SBR). The purpose of this Phantom study was to evaluate the effect of the size of the lesion and SBR on the threshold to be used for PET tumor volume delineation. Materials and Methods: Phantom used in the study comprised a sphere–cylinder assembly containing six spheres of different inner diameters (1.10, 1.35, 1.44, 1.50, 1.83 and 1.93 cm) with inner volumes of 0.70, 1.30, 1.50, 1.77, 3.22 and 3.82 cm3, respectively. The scans were acquired with SBR of 6:01, 7:01, 8:01 and 10:01. These SBRs were calculated from 42 patients with lymphoma to simulate clinical images. PET tumor volume was calculated using RT_Image software at different threshold values (40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70 and 75% of SUVmax) for each sphere at different SBRs. The threshold intensity value at which the calculated volume was nearly equal to actual volume of spheres was considered as the standardized threshold intensity (STI) value. Results: STI values depended on the diameter of the sphere and not on the SBR. It is found that 40% threshold is suitable for calculating the volume of any lesion with diameter greater than 1.83 cm, 60% for diameter greater than 1.35 cm but less than 1.83 cm, and 75% for diameter less than 1.35 cm. Conclusion: Size-dependent thresholding is an accurate and reproducible method of tumor volume delineation on PET-computed tomography (CT).
Mck 1 , a Member of the Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Family of Protein Kinases , Is a Negative Regulator of Pyruvate Kinase in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

An interaction between the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase Mck1 and pyruvate kinase (Pyk1) was detected by using the two-hybrid method. Purified Mck1 was able to phosphorylate purified Pyk1 on Ser in vitro. Pyruvate kinase activity was elevated in mck1D cells. Several of the phenotypes of mck1D mutants are similar to those observed in cells overexpressing PYK1. Co-overexpression of MCK1 suppressed all of the phenotypes associated with PYK1 overexpression. These results indicate that Mck1 negatively regulates pyruvate kinase activity, possibly by direct phosphorylation.
A short survey of hyperspectral remote sensing applications in agriculture

Hyperspectral sensors are devices that acquire images over hundreds of spectral bands, thereby enabling the extraction of spectral signatures for objects or materials observed. Hyperspectral remote sensing has been used over a wide range of applications, such as agriculture, forestry, geology, ecological monitoring and disaster monitoring. In this paper, the specific application of hyperspectral remote sensing to agriculture is examined. The technological development of agricultural methods is of critical importance as the world's population is anticipated to continuously rise much beyond the current number of 7 billion. One area upon which hyperspectral sensing can yield considerable impact is that of precision agriculture - the use of observations to optimize the use of resources and management of farming practices. For example, hyperspectral image processing is used in the monitoring of plant diseases, insect pests and invasive plant species; the estimation of crop yield; and the fine classification of crop distributions. This paper also presents a detailed overview of hyperspectral data processing techniques and suggestions for advancing the agricultural applications of hyperspectral technologies in Turkey.
Early increase of Nox4 NADPH oxidase and superoxide generation following endothelin‐1‐induced stroke in conscious rats

Oxidative stress contributes to the progression of brain injury following ischemic stroke and reperfusion. NADPH oxidase is a well‐established source of superoxide in vascular disease, but its contribution to tissue injury following ischemic stroke has yet to be fully elucidated. Here we show the spatiotemporal profile of NADPH oxidase subunits Nox2 and Nox4 and concurrent superoxide generation following stroke induced by middle cerebral artery constriction in conscious rats. Nox2 mRNA was progressively up‐regulated in both the ipsilateral cortex and the striatum from 6 hr to 7 days poststroke and reperfusion. Nox4 mRNA was also up‐regulated transiently in the cortex at 6 hr poststroke but returned to control levels after this time. In situ detection of superoxide generation with dihydroethidium fluorescence revealed an increase in superoxide within the ischemic core at 6 hr poststroke that was mostly colocalized with the neuronal marker NeuN. By 24 hr, this increase in superoxide production had spread to the boundary zone of the infarct, whereas it disappeared in the ischemic core as neuronal numbers declined. Subsequently, superoxide within the ischemic core again increased at 7 days and was mostly colocalized with the activated microglia/macrophage marker OX‐42. Immunoreactivity to Nox2 followed the same spatiotemporal pattern as that of OX‐42 immunostaining poststroke. Clearly, NADPH oxidase is an important mediator of oxidative stress and contributes to the progression of brain damage beyond the infarct core, via the activation of two catalytic subunits, Nox2 and Nox4. Selectively blocking these subunits might be useful for intervening in the progression of stroke brain injury. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The sexual inhibition (SIS) and sexual excitation (SES) scales: II. Predicting psychophysiological response patterns

This study evaluated the predictive value of a newly developed measure of the propensity for sexual inhibition and excitation; the Sexual Inhibition & Sexual Excitation Scales (SIS/SES). Sexual, cardiovascular, and startle responses were measured in a group of 40 sexually functional men during the presentation of threatening and nonthreatening erotic films. Two levels of performance demand were created and two films were combined with a distraction task. Participants were assigned to high and low groups for each of the three SIS/SES scales. As predicted, men with high SES scores showed generally higher sexual responses. High and low SIS1 groups did not differ in their responses. Men with high and low SIS2 scores did not differ in their responses to nonthreatening stimuli; however, low SIS2 men showed greater genital response to the threatening stimuli. The findings provide support for the value of the SIS/SES scales in predicting sexual responses.
Premier bilan de la participation du LORIA à la campagne d'évaluation EASY

Ce papier decrit LLP2, analyseur a base de grammaires d'arbres adjoints lexicalises (LTAG) que nous avons utilise pour le projet EASY (Evaluation des analyseurs syntaxiques) ainsi que les ressources linguistiques associees. Quelques commentaires a propos de cette experience inspires des premiers resultats obtenus, sont egalement presentes.
Load profiling for gas stations using cluster techniques

Changes with the developments in the energy and electricity market brought the current issue of development models that allow the participation of all users to the consumer market. These models are essential, especially for household and commercial customers who represent the largest percentage of clients for the electricity company. Also a campaign for installing electronic measurements groups is extremely expensive and uneconomic. For these consumers the alternative is the continued use of traditional meters and estimation of load curves, which form the basis of billing schedules and closing balances. In this paper load profiles curves for gas stations will be studied whit SPSS software using cluster technique for the purpose of allowing them to participate to the electricity market.
Detection and analysis of diverse herpesviral species by consensus primer PCR

A consensus primer PCR method which amplifies a region of herpesviral DNA-directed DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7) and which uses degenerate primers in a nested format was developed. Primers were designed to target sequences coding for highly conserved amino acid motifs covering a region of approximately 800 bp. The assay was applied to 22 species of herpesviruses (8 human and 14 animal viruses), with PCR products obtained for 21 of 22 viruses. In the process, 14 previously unreported amino acid-coding sequences from herpesviral DNA polymerases were obtained, including regions of human herpesviruses 7 and 8. The 50 to 60 amino acid-coding sequences recovered in the present study were determined to be unique to each viral species studied, with very little sequence variation between strains of a single species when studied. Template dilution studies in the presence of human carrier DNA demonstrated that six human herpesviruses (herpesviruses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6B) could be detected at levels at or below 100 genome equivalents per 100 ng of carrier DNA. These data suggest that consensus primer PCR targeted to herpesviral DNA polymerase may prove to be useful in the detection and identification of known herpesviruses in clinical samples and the initial characterization of new herpesviral genomes.