Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La tutorización de prácticas clínicas en pregrado de Enfermería

El abordar la figura del tutor/a como profesional claramente implicado en el desarrollo de competencias de futuros profesionales esta ampliamente justificado en el panorama actual, dado que esta en consonancia con los nuevos modelos de educacion superior que han de promover la autodireccion, el pensamiento critico y el aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida. Este articulo tiene como objetivo mostrar las caracteristicas y los rasgos fundamentales que estan alrededor de la figura del profesional tutor y sobre la base de ello presentar una propuesta de tutorizacion para los estudiantes de Enfermeria de pregrado que llevan a cabo sus practicas clinicas tanto en el medio de la Atencion Primaria de Salud como en centros de hospitalizacion de nuestro pais. Asimismo, se aportan algunas claves para garantizar el exito en la relacion que se establece entre el/la estudiante y la tutora o el tutor.
From outsider to insider: how creative professional service firms internationalise

Purpose The management of reputation and status is central to creative professional service firms (CPSFs) rendering the internationalisation process a particular challenge. The authors build on arguments that internationalisation requires moving from outsidership to insidership within client networks and focus on how CPSFs build signals about quality to start this process. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The exploration draws from the international business, professional services and organisational status bodies of literature. A multiple case study design was developed comprising ten Irish architecture firms. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Findings The findings clarify how relationships start in the internationalisation process through signal building about quality. This allows CPSFs to join client networks moving from outsidership to insidership. The findings systemise three different approaches for CPSFs: from outsidership to insidership within a local market network, within a global industry network and within a global project network. Research limitations/implications Research within other sectoral and geographical contexts could support transferability of the findings. Practical implications The study has implications for international business strategies as it identifies multiple paths to relevant network insidership and the tactical responses managers can use to achieve this. Originality/value The authors believe that incorporating signal-building mechanisms into the internationalisation process is a novel approach to theorizing about how CPSFs move from outsidership to insidership. The authors offer important theoretical insights into the international business, professional service firm and organisational status literatures. CPSF business leaders should benefit as it helps them to focus on a portfolio of signal-building approaches that can start the internationalisation process.
The role of cyclic AMP in normalizing the function of engineered human blood microvessels in micro fl uidic collagen gels

Nearly all engineered tissues must eventually be vascularized to survive. To this end, we and others have recently developed methods to synthesize extracellular matrix-based scaffolds that contain open microfluidic networks. These scaffolds serve as templates for the formation of endothelial tubes that can be perfused; whether such microvascular structures are stable and/or functional is largely unknown. Here, we show that compounds that elevate intracellular concentrations of the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) strongly normalize the phenotype of engineered human microvessels in microfluidic type I collagen gels. Cyclic AMP-elevating agents promoted vascular stability and barrier function, and reduced cellular turnover. Under conditions that induced the highest levels of cAMP, the physiology of engineered microvessels in vitro quantitatively mirrored that of native vessels in vivo. Computational analysis indicated that cAMP stabilized vessels partly via its enhancement of barrier function. 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Contribution à la conception des bobinages supraconducteurs de type dipolaire en Nb3Sn pour les accélérateurs de particules

L'amelioration des accelerateurs de particules passe notamment par la mise en oeuvre de technologies complexes telles que celles des aimants supraconducteurs. L'un des parametres clef dans la conception d'aimants est la precontrainte mecanique appliquee a temperature ambiante et qui assure la compression du bobinage pendant l'excitation. Dans les dipoles, la production de fortes inductions et la presence de grandes contraintes mecaniques se conjuguent mal avec la sensibilite des proprietes supraconductrices du Nb3Sn a la contrainte mecanique. La limite maximale de la contrainte mecanique que peut subir le Nb3Sn sans que ses proprietes ne soient degradees est actuellement estimee aux alentours de 150 MPa, valeur encore tres discutee au sein de la communaute scientifique. Quelle que soit cette valeur, des etudes preliminaires montrent que des contraintes de plus de 200 MPa dans des ouvertures de plus de 130 mm sont induites dans des configurations conventionnelles en cosinus theta, ce qui justifie le besoin de concevoir de nouvelles configurations magnetiques. La partie introductive de ce memoire presente les enjeux et les defis technologiques auxquels doivent faire face les concepteurs d'aimants. La seconde partie propose une etude de nouvelles configurations de dipoles fondees sur l'intersection d'ellipses pour de grandes ouvertures (88, 130 et 160 mm) et forte induction (13 T). Apres une etude theorique, une configuration magnetique 2D est detaillee et une etude mecanique est developpee pour une ouverture de 130 mm. Dans la derniere partie, la conception d'un dispositif experimental destine a l'etude de l'influence de la precontrainte sur l'accommodation d'un aimant dipolaire en Nb3Sn a echelle reduite est detaillee. Les resultats du test ayant permis de valider la structure mecanique sont presentes
Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: initial experience of robotic surgery in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND The incidence of prostate cancer is lower in Taiwan compared to Europe and North America. Only a few urologists have been trained to perform laparoscopic radical prostatectomies (LRP). The initial experience of robotic LRP in Taiwan is reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with localized prostate carcinomas underwent robotic LRP between November 2004 and December 2006. Data collection included basic demographics, prostate specific antigen (PSA), stages, Gleason scores, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), catheterization time, pathology, complications and return of continence. RESULTS The mean operative time was 310 minutes, the mean EBL was 234 mL and the average urethral catheterization time was 7.1 days. Three patients had a total of three complications. Continence was 20.8% at one week, 59.1% at six weeks and 75% at three months postoperatively. CONCLUSION Our initial experience with robotic LRP indicated that the procedure was safe and effective. Six case experiences were required to establish a standard operating procedure. Eighteen operations were needed to complete the learning curve and achieve stable results.
Can equity in education foster social mobility?

Equity is a fundamental value and guiding principle of education policy and practice, but it is not necessarily actualised in schools and education systems around the world. There are large variations across PISA-participating countries and economies in the magnitude of the difference that socio-economic status makes in students’ learning, well-being and post-secondary educational attainment. This suggests that policy and practice have a key role to play in reducing socio-economic inequalities in education. Equity does not mean that all students obtain equal education outcomes, but rather that differences in students’ outcomes are unrelated to their background or to economic and social circumstances over which the students have no control. Equity in education means that students of different socio-economic status achieve similar levels of academic performance, and of social and emotional well-being, and that they are equally likely to earn desirable post-secondary education credentials, such as university degrees, that will make it easier for them to succeed in the labour market and realise their goals as adult members of society. Education systems need to determine how individual students learn best and tailor learning opportunities to meet their needs. The newly released PISA report, Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility, shows that narrowing the differences related to socio-economic status in what students near the end of compulsory schooling can do with what they have learned could offer more opportunities for children and young people born into disadvantaged families to move up the socio-economic ladder.
Valuation of Capabilities and System Architectural options to Meet Affordability Requirement

Abstract : Weapon systems are designed for very long operational lives, which exposes them to risks of technological and operational obsolescence that can greatly shorten their expected operational life, increase their operational costs, or diminish their performance. What is needed are systems designed so that during their operational life they can be adapted to changes in their environment to continue delivering value. One way to do this is via architectural options that create the ability for a system to adapt at a relatively low cost to possible future scenarios. An architectural option is the intentional design of a system to accommodate change. The issue is that incorporation of options into a system architecture costs money and current valuation methods do not adequately evaluate the costs and benefits of these options. This paper analyzes the valuation problem of architectural options using real options theory. A problem is used to illustrate how architectural options can be defined and the method for valuation of the options to assist decision-makers in determining whether to incorporate the architectural option or not. The research contributes to performance of trade studies in acquisition through the definition of architectural options in terms consistent with defense acquisition (capabilities and not cash flows) and a theory for how program managers can value the capabilities those options provide. The research is intended to support the evolutionary acquisition of system capabilities.
Fluorescent protein‐based reporters of the actin cytoskeleton in living plant cells: Fluorophore variant, actin binding domain, and promoter considerations

Genetically encoded filamentous actin (F‐actin) reporters designed based on fluorescent protein fusions to F‐actin binding domains of actin regulatory proteins have emerged as powerful tools to decipher the role of the actin cytoskeleton in plant growth and development. However, these probes could interfere with the function of endogenous actin binding proteins and in turn impact actin organization and plant growth. We therefore surveyed F‐actin labeling and compared organ growth in Arabidopsis thaliana lines expressing a variety of F‐actin markers. Here we show that the variant of fluorescent protein, type of actin binding domain, and the promoter that drives reporter expression can influence the quality of F‐actin labeling particularly in stable plant lines. For example, older red fluorescent protein (RFP)‐based probes such as DsRed2 and mOrange induced more aberrant labeling compared to the newer RFP‐based, mCherry, GFP, and GFP‐derived fluorophores such as YFP and CFP. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative analyses revealed differences in F‐actin organization in seedlings expressing Talin‐ and Lifeact‐based reporters in some cell types compared to the fimbrin actin binding domain 2 (ABD2)‐based reporters. Finally, the use of the ubiquitin10 (UBQ10) promoter to drive expression of the GFP‐ABD2‐GFP probe minimized loss of fluorescence and growth defects observed in the 35S‐driven version. Taken together, this study shows that care must be taken in the interpretation of data derived from stable expression of certain F‐actin reporters and that using alternative promoters such as UBQ10 can overcome some of the pitfalls that accompany the use of in vivo F‐actin probes in plants. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A General Equilibrium Analysis of Australia Providing Duty Free Access on Goods Imported from Least Developed Countries

The Doha ministerial declaration commits industrialised countries to liberalising access for least developed countries (LDCs) to their markets. Preferential trade policies have diverse impacts on the country that initiates them and on its trading partners, which include not only the LDCs but also other developed and developing countries that compete with LDCs in world export markets. To what extent such a policy may affect the initiating country and its trading partners is of concern to policy makers. This paper uses Australia as a case study to quantify the general equilibrium effects of providing tariff-free access to Australian markets on all parties concerned. The main sources of the projected effects are identified and discussed. We use a disaggregated version of the GTAP model to minimise aggregation bias. We also develop a post-solution micro-simulation model and an extended database to derive results for those LDCs and some other trading partners that are not identified separately in the GTAP database. Given the current patterns of trade and tariffs, removing tariffs on Australian imports from LDCs will primarily affect imports of clothing. Simulation results show that the overall effects on the Australian economy are likely to be small due to the small share of Australia’s trade with LDCs and the small effect of tariff cuts on the domestic prices paid by consumers and producers. The policy change is projected to benefit mainly major LDC clothing exporters. To what extent other trading partners that already enjoy free access to Australia’s domestic market, are affected depends on the degree of substitution between imports from these two sources. Based on the empirical evidence, the adverse effect on other exporters to Australia is modest.
The effect of resveratrol on blood pressure in a rat model of preeclampsia

Objective: To examine the hypothesis that resveratrol administration could result in blood pressure and blood flow decrease in a rat preeclampsia model. Materials and Methods: Desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) was used to produce hypertension. The Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into three groups: control (n = 12), DOCA injected (n = 11), and DOCA injected and resveratrol treated (n = 13). Rats were sacrificed on gestational day 16–20. The systolic blood pressure was measured by the tail-cuff method. Urine protein was expressed as protein/creatinine. Laser Doppler measurements of the blood flow were made in one placenta, the left kidney and both parietal lobes of brain. Placentas were examined by light microscopy. Results: DOCA injected group exhibited significant differences in blood pressure and protein/creatinine. Mean blood pressure in DOCA-treated rats was 130.1 ± 12.9 mmHg at baseline and 148.4 ± 20.1 mmHg at the time of euthanization (p = 0.044). Resveratrol did not significantly affect blood pressure, placental and renal blood flows. There were also no significant differences in placental pathology parameters among the three groups. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that resveratrol did not decrease blood pressure, and did not result in a significant response in blood flows and placental pathology parameters.
Convex Shape Retrieval from Edge Maps by the use of an Evolutionary Algorithm

There is a need for a high-throughput approach for extracting biological shapes from images. The approach for automated extraction of convex biological shapes presented in this paper is an Evolutionary Algorithm. As opposed to existing model based segmentation methods this approach is uniform for different images, needs no training set and is initialized automatically. The process of finding the shape is considered an optimization problem and for that reason an Evolutionary Algorithm was a good candidate for a solution. The results show that the proposed Evolutionary Algorithm gives a fast solution for pattern recognition and shape extraction.
Reliable tracking of human arm dynamics by multiple cue integration and constraint fusion

The use of hard gestures provides an attractive means of interacting naturally with a computer generated display. Using one or more video cameras, the hand movements can potentially be interpreted as meaningful gestures. One key problem in building such am interface without a restricted setup is the ability to localize and track the human arm robust in image sequences. This paper proposes a multiple cite-based localization scheme combined with a tracking framework to reliably track the human arm dynamics in unconstrained environments. The localization scheme integrates the multiple cues of motion, shape, and color for locating a set of key image features. Using constraint fusion, these features are tracked by a modified Extended Kalman Filter that exploits the articulated structure of the arm. We also propose an interaction scheme between tracking and localization for improving the estimation process while reducing the computational requirements. The performance of the frameworks is validated with the help of extensive experiments and simulations.
Analysis and Implementation of an Improved Flyback Inverter for Photovoltaic AC Module Applications

Flyback inverter has the advantages such as compact conformation, simple control loop, electric isolation, high step-up ratio, high efficiency, etc., therefore is an attractive solution for photovoltaic ac module applications. In this topology, BCM is more preferred compared to DCM and CCM, because of its higher power level, higher efficiency and wider switching frequency bandwidth. However, the control of BCM is more complicated due to its variable switching frequency. This also leads to the difficulty to get the accurate mathematical model between the output current iout and the reference current iref, which has a great influence on the THD of iout. This paper analyzes and proposes a mathematical model between iout and iref in BCM through theoretical derivation, and proposes a novel control strategy to generate the reference current that can decrease THD of output current. Meanwhile the realization of MPPT based on the mathematical model is also investigated. Finally, simulation and experiment results based on an improved flyback-inverter prototype are presented, which validates the proposed mathematical model and the control strategy.
Financial Development and City Growth: Evidence from Northeastern American Cities, 1790-1870

In this paper we argue that in 19th century U.S, households and firms that were located in cities with banks enjoyed a higher level of both consumption and production amenities than those who were located in cities without banks. We use data on banks location and city population growth in the Northeastern United States in 1830-1870 and document a positive and strong correlation between financial development and subsequent population growth. The correlation is robust to controls for geographical characteristics of the city, the percentage of population working in different sectors, and its initial population. Propensity score matching estimators that compare similar cities in terms of observables also yield a positive association between finance and urban growth. Our estimates suggest that the presence of a bank at a given location in the late 1830s is associated with increases its population growth in the 1840s by one to one and a half percentage points per year. Because urban growth was correlated with economic development in the nineteenth-century U.S, we believe our results provide further support for the finance-growth nexus.
Management of Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Stacey BR: Management of peripheral neuropathic pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2005;84:S4–S16. Neuropathic pain results from a variety of medical conditions encountered in physiatric practice, including infection, trauma, metabolic abnormalities, and nerve compression. Unlike pain resulting from nociceptive or inflammatory processes, neuropathic pain is associated with primary lesion or dysfunction of the nervous system itself and is often difficult to treat. Existing treatment options include drug therapy (e.g., anticonvulsants, the lidocaine patch 5%, antidepressants, opioids, tramadol) or interventional treatments (e.g., peripheral or neuraxial nerve blockade, implanted spinal cord stimulators, implanted intrathecal catheters). The following article presents an overview of the cellular mechanisms associated with neuropathic pain, summarizes the results of randomized, controlled trials with the major classes of available drugs, and discusses treatment options that provide a rational basis for pharmacotherapy.
Threshold radar reflectivity for drizzling clouds

Empirical studies have suggested the existence of a threshold radar reflectivity between nonprecipitating and precipitating clouds; however, there has been neither a rigorous theoretical basis for the threshold reflectivity nor a sound explanation as to why empirically determined threshold reflectivities differ among studies. Here we present a theory for the threshold reflectivity by relating it to the autoconversion process. This theory not only demonstrates the sharp transition from cloud to rain when the radar reflectivity exceeds some value (threshold reflectivity) but also reveals that the threshold reflectivity is an increasing function of the cloud droplet concentration. The dependence of threshold reflectivity on droplet concentration suggests that the differences in empirically determined threshold reflectivity arise from the differences in droplet concentration. The favorable agreement with measurements collected over a wide range of conditions further provides observational support for the theoretical formulation. The results have many potential applications, especially to remote sensing of cloud properties and studies of the second aerosol indirect effect.
Transport Infrastructure Interdependencies with Energy, Water, Waste and Communication Infrastructure in the United Kingdom

The role of infrastructure interdependencies is challenging due to the complexity and dynamic environment of all infrastructures and vital for critical infrastructure systems. There is an ongoing debate about the value of the benefits of the five national infrastructure sectors (energy, water, transport, waste and communication) in the UK and how they interact in terms of social, economic and environmental wellbeing (Hall et al., 2016, p.10; iBUILD, 2015; Liveable Cities, 2015; National Infrastructure Plan, 2013). This study focuses only on one of the three aforementioned values, the economic value. The hypothesis tested is whether the transport sector is economically complemented by the energy, water and waste sectors and economically substituted by the communication sector. The authors use the process analysis “networks and cohorts”, an analysis that uses tables, diagrams, models and networks of interactions along with organizational linkages (Hill, 1993). Of interest for this study in particular is the grand total of all revenues (capital value) which create incomes into other sectors and creates dependencies. This, by definition, is the Gross Value Added. The last five symmetric (product by product) Input-Output tables of gross value added are used: 2010, 2005, 1995, 1990 and 1984 (Office for National Statistics, 2015). The theory underpinning the hypothesis was verified and one mathematical equation was developed based on the historical data of the gross value added by the value created in millions of pounds (£m) from the other critical sectors to transport.