Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty in Trust: A Risk-Aware Approach

Uncertainty and its imposed risk have significant impacts on decision-making. However, both are disregarded in many trust-based applications. In this paper, we propose a risk-aware approach to explicitly take uncertainty of trust and its effects into account. Our approach consists of a trust, a confidence, and a risk model. We do not prescribe a specific trust model, and any probabilistic trust model can be empowered by our approach. The confidence model calculates the uncertainty of the trust model in the form of a confidence interval, and is independent of the inner-workings of the trust model. This interval is used by the utility-based risk model which assesses the effects of uncertainty on trust-based decisions. We evaluated our approach by a four-state HMM-based simulated trustee, and employed the Beta, HMM and evidence-based trust models. We proposed and compared different methods for calculating confidence intervals, as well as methods for determining the risk and opportunity of a trust-based interaction. The results demonstrate how our approach should be used to improve the correctness of decision-making in trust-based applications. According to the statistical analysis of the simulation results, confidence intervals can properly represent the trust value and its uncertainty, and strongly improve trust-based decisions.
Genetic transformation of obligately chemolithotrophic thiobacilli

Genetic transformation of Thiobacaillus thioparus auxotrophs to prototrophy was obtained at frequencies of up to 10(-2) when proliferating cell populations were exposed to chromosomal DNA from a nutritionally independent strain of the same bacterium. The rate at which transformation occurred depended on recipient growth rate and could be drastically reduced by depriving otherwise competent cells of either nitrogen or exogenous energy substrate. Interspecies marker transfer was also shown among several obligately chemolithotrophic members of the genus.
ΧΑΡΙC ἈΝΤΙ ΧΑΡΙΤωΝ

ὦ ἄνδρες τε καὶ γυναῖκες (διδάςκαλοι καὶ μαθῆται) τῶν πραγμάτων τῶν ἀρχαίων ἐν τοῖς τῆς Καναδῆς καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοθι φροντιςτηρίοις· ἐν τ ἐ τόλμα τε καὶ ἀμφιλαφὴς δύναμις ἕςποιτο. τοῖς θεοῖς εὔχομαι πᾶςι καὶ πάςαις, ὅςην εὔνοιαν ἔχουςα ἐγὼ διατελῶ τ τῶν ἀρχαίων καὶ πᾶςιν ὑμῖν τοςαύτην ὑπάρξαι μοι εἰς τουτονὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα. τήμερον ἔν γε τ ἔτει τ πρὸ τῆς ἐπιγινομένης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἥ ἐν τ δε τ πόλει ἐφορμηθήςεται, ἀρχούντος τοῦ Στεφάνου Κιθαρίστου,
Biomarker Exposure-Response Analysis in Mild-To-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease Trials of Bapineuzumab.

BACKGROUND Bapineuzumab, an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody, was evaluated as a candidate for immunotherapy in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. OBJECTIVE To assess the treatment effect of bapineuzumab therapy on disease-relevant biomarkers in patients with mild-to-moderate AD, using exposure-response modeling. METHODS Biomarker data from two Phase III studies were combined to model the impact of bapineuzumab exposure on week-71 change from baseline in brain amyloid burden by 11C-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) PET imaging (global cortical average of the Standardized Uptake Value ratio values), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) phosphorylated (p)-tau concentrations, and brain volumetrics (brain boundary shift integral) by magnetic resonance imaging. Bapineuzumab or placebo was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 13 weeks for 78 weeks. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling helped determine the most appropriate exposure-response model and estimate the impact of disease-relevant covariates (baseline biomarker value, APOE*E4 allele copy number, and baseline disease status as measured by Mini-Mental State Examination score) on the three biomarkers. RESULTS Linear exposure-response relationships with negative and significant slope terms were observed for PiB PET and CSF p-tau concentration. Baseline biomarker value and APOE*E4 carrier status were significant covariates for both biomarkers. No exposure-response relationship on brain boundary shift integral was detected. CONCLUSIONS Bapineuzumab treatment induced exposure-dependent reductions in brain amyloid burden. Effects on CSF p-tau concentrations were significant only in APOE*E4 carriers. No apparent influence of bapineuzumab exposure on brain volume could be demonstrated.
Creation of nonlinear localized modes in discrete lattices.

Creation of intrinsic localized modes in homogeneous nonlinear lattices is discussed, taking as a special example a chain of particles interacting via harmonic and even-power anharmonic potentials. The analysis is based on an effective equation for the wave envelope that, in particular, seems to be an alternative discrete version of the well-known nonlinear Schrodinger equation. It is pointed out that modulational instability and nonlinearity-induced blowup may be considered as two main physical mechanisms for generation of highly localized modes in homogeneous nonlinear chains
Modeling and Design Space Exploration for Bit-Cells Based on Voltage-Assisted Switching of Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

The effect of voltage on the anisotropy of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is of substantial interest for low-power nonvolatile memory applications. In this paper, we develop a device-to-bit-cell level simulation framework for voltage-assisted switching of the MTJs, which can satisfactorily reproduce the published experimental data. Our simulation framework is based on a coupled Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski equation and nonequilibrium greens function formalism. Using this simulation framework, we investigate the effect of scaling the oxide thickness of an MTJ to enhance the electric field effect. Although it seems attractive for an isolated device, yet, in a bit-cell configuration, reducing the oxide thickness leads to an increase in the supply voltage. In addition, we demonstrate that the unipolar characteristic of the voltage-assisted switching leads to write failures depending on the initial state stored in the MTJ. We, therefore, suggest a read before write scheme exhibiting approximately 2× improvement in the write energy consumption at a bit-cell level compared with a standard STT-MRAM for iso-oxide thickness. However, the latency overhead associated with voltage-assisted MTJs results in a 1.55× degradation of the write speed. Moreover, our layout analysis indicates that the bit-cell area reduction is constrained by the metal pitch, in spite of smaller access transistors.
NCU-HA: A Lightweight HA System for Kernel-Based Virtual Machine

Failure prevention and protection are very critical issues nowadays. Although there are many commercial high availability (HA) solutions, they are expensive and do not support intelligent platform management interface (IPMI) that can improves failure detection efficiency. We present NCU-HA, a HA solution based on the open source project KVM(Kernel-based Virtual Machine). NCU-HA can be run on both low-cost personal computers (PCs) and IPMI-based servers. Moreover, to prevent single point of failure, we classify the nodes of the cluster into three roles: Primary node, Backup node, and General nodes. HA agent on those nodes will provide the functions depending on its role. We also define failure models and describe the recovery methods implemented in NCU-HA. Evaluation results show that our system can reach four nines (>99.99 %) availability on low cost PCs.
Trigger of economic reconstruction from the East-Japan earthquake disaster

In many companies of the province of Tohoku (North-East Japan), stock prices were declining just after the East-Japan earthquake. However, on the other hand, some companies' stock prices rose in Tohoku. We have analyzed the reasons using text mining technologies on web data. In our studies, a combination of a stock price analysis and the text mining of the company can weave unexpected facts like a word associative game. First we surveyed stock prices of all listed companies that were headquartered in the damaged three prefectures in Tohoku. Then, we found the remarkable growth of YAMAYA which was an alcohol wholesaler and retailer company. The headquarters are located in Sendai-city, the capital and biggest city of Miyagi prefecture. On the other hand, we found YAMAZAWA's growth which was the same kind of an alcohol retailer company as YAMAYA. Although stock prices of almost all super markets in Tohoku intensely grew just after the disaster, the growth of YAMAYA and YAMAZAWA was distinguished. Therefore we conducted text mining to seek the reason of the company's stock price increase. As a result, we thought the alcohol consumption in Sendai-city caused the rapid stock price rises. In addition, from the comparison, we found that the recovery of YAMAZAWA's was quicker than that of YAMAYA's. We think that the reason for the YAMAYA's delay is that the earthquake damage in Sendai-city was larger than that in Yamagata. YAMAWA is headquartered in Sendai-city and YAMAZAWA is headquartered in Yamagata prefecture. The difference about locations would make the delay in the stock price recoveries. From the analysis, we inferred that an increase of alcohol consumption was one of the triggers for the economic reconstruction in Sendai-city. The paper discusses the economic reconstruction processes through increases of stock prices in the Tohoku province.
A novel method for estimation and compensation of transmitter I/Q imbalance

In this paper, we study the I/Q imbalance effect of wireless communication systems at the transmitter side and the novel transmitter I/Q imbalance parameters estimation and signal pre-compensation schemes are proposed. The I/Q imbalance parameters estimation of the transmitter is based on the statistical properties of the In-phase and Quadrature-phase parts of the signals. The pre-compensation scheme feedbacks the estimated imbalance parameters to the pre-compensation block and the pre-compensation block apply the offsets to the In-phase and Quadrature-phase parts of the original low intermediate frequency (LIF) signal before they pass through the up-convertor of the transmitter and the outcome modulated radio frequency (RF) signal will be recovered. Both the signals for the estimation and pre-compensation are low intermediate frequency signals so the estimation and pre-compensation schemes can be realized in the digital domain. Computer simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed schemes. It is shown that the proposed schemes are reliable and feasible for practical implementation.
An Authoring Tool and Extendable Production Architecture for Interactive Television Services

Interactive TV program is made possible by digital television standards. MHP, multimedia home platform, is an open standard from DVB for creating interactive content application. MHP provides a rich set of application programming interface for designer to create various kinds of services by direct Java programming. In this paper, we will describe an innovative authoring tool for enhancing interactive TV service creation environments. A layered scene-and-shot model has been created to represent the interactive services content relationship and store in XML form. Individual object is mapped to the HAVi user interface component and associated action so that it could response to the TV user's remote control action. With online Java code generation and compilation, the interactive service can be easily transformed into MHP Xlet application. This approach creates a flexible platform architecture that can be used to add new features, such as digital rights management and personal video recording, to the broadcast service
The usefulness of histopathological examinations of non-renal biopsies in the diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Introduction Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare, ANCA-associated, systemic disease characterized by necrotizing small and medium vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology associated with granulomatous inflammation affecting the renal, pulmonary, upper airways, ocular systems and other tissues. Histological proof of the granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) can be obtained by biopsy of clinically involved sites. The main purpose of this study was to examine histopathological changes in non-renal biopsies from patients with established diagnosis of GPA and evaluated the histological confirmation at diagnosis of this disease. Material and methods A retrospective analysis was performed in patients with GPA diagnosed and treated in clinics of the University Clinical Center (UCK) in Gdansk in 1988–2009. Results In the analyzed group of GPA patients the histopathological examination of biopsies taken from involved tissues (except kidney) was performed in 60% of patients. Thirty-six out of 93 biopsies (39%) were diagnosed as typical of GPA, 10 (10.7%) were suggestive and 51 (54.8%) were non-specific. Considering all biopsies, the diagnosis was confirmed in 24 patients (57% of patients in whom biopsies were taken). Epitheloid cell granulomas were present in 33 biopsies (43%), characteristic necrosis in 27 biopsies (35%), small vessel vasculitis in 18 biopsies (23%), while multinucleated giant cells were identified only in 9 biopsies (12%). Conclusions Histopathological examination of the affected tissues remains the gold standard of the diagnosis of GPA. Its usefulness increases, particularly in ANCA-negative patients, in the initial phase of the disease, or in patients with atypical clinical presentation. In many cases, it is necessary to repeat biopsy to establish the diagnosis. The role of the histopathological examination seems to be particularly important when ANCA is negative or clinical symptoms are atypical of GPA.
Effect of different doses of prostaglandin on the area of corpus luteum, the largest follicle and progesterone concentration in the dairy cow.

Lactating dairy cows with a mature corpus luteum (CL) (diameter of >/=17 mm determined by ultrasonography) and having a follicle with a diameter of 10 mm (n = 49) were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group was treated with a single dose of exogenous prostaglandin (25 mg), while the second group was treated with 35 mg on day 0, and the third group served as control in order to evaluate the effect of rectal manipulation on the CL during ultrasonographic examination. Blood samples were collected daily for analysing progesterone (P4) concentrations. In group 1 the incidence of oestrus and artificial insemination (AI) in 10 days after treatment was 95% (19 of 20). The conception rate was 31.6%, and the average time to oestrus after treatment was 3.7 day. In group 2 the incidence of oestrus and A.I. was 84.2% (16/19). The conception rate was 31.2%, and the average time to oestrus after treatment was 2.8 day. In the untreated group only two cows (2/10) exhibited oestrus during the examined period and none of them became pregnant. There were no significant differences between the two treated groups in terms of reduction in the area of CL and P4 concentrations and of an increase in the area of the dominant follicles. At the same time, the decrease in the percentage changes relative to the area of CL and to the concentrations of P4 were statistically significant in both treated groups.
Author ' s personal copy Microbial ecology , bacterial pathogens , and antibiotic resistant genes in swine manure wastewater as influenced by three swine management systems 5

The environmental influence of farm management in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) can yield vast changes to themicrobial biota and ecological structure of both the pig andwastemanure lagoonwastewater.While someof these changesmaynot benegative, it is possible that CAFOs can enrich antibiotic resistant bacteria or pathogens based on farm type, thereby influencing the impact imparted by the land application of its respective wastewater. The purpose of this study was to measure the microbial constituents of swinesow, -nursery, and -finisher farm manure lagoon wastewater and determine the changes induced by farm management. A total of 37 farms were visited in the Mid-South USA and analyzed for the genes 16S rRNA, spaQ (Salmonella spp.), Camp-16S (Campylobacter spp.), tetA, tetB, ermF, ermA, mecA, and intI using quantitative PCR. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequence libraries were created. Overall, it appeared that finisher farms were significantly different from nursery and sow farms in nearly all genes measured and in 16S rRNA clone libraries. Nearly all antibiotic resistance genes were detected in all farms. Interestingly, the mecA resistance gene (e.g. methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was below detection limits onmost farms, and decreased as the pigs aged. Finisher farms generally had fewer antibiotic resistance genes, which corroborated previous phenotypic data; additionally, finisher farms produced a less diverse 16S rRNA sequence library. Comparisons of Camp-16S and spaQ GU (genomic unit) values to previous culture data demonstrated ratios from 10 to 10,000:1 depending on farm type, indicating viable but not cultivatable bacteria were dominant. The current study indicated that swine farm management schemes positively and negatively affect microbial and antibiotic resistant populations in CAFO wastewater which has future “downstream” implications from both an environmental and public health perspective. Published by Elsevier Ltd. 5 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Genetics and Precision Agriculture Research Unit, Post Office Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Approved for publication as Journal Article No. Je12413 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. This work was prepared by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties and is in the public domain and may be used without further permission. * Corresponding author. Tel. : þ1 662 320 7411. E-mail address: john.brooks@ars.usda. gov (J.P. Brooks). Available online at www.sciencedirect. com
From constituents to syntax-oriented dependencies De constituyentes a dependencias de base sintáctica

This paper describes the automatic process of building a dependency annotated corpus based on Ancora constituent structures. The Ancora corpus already has a dependency structure information layer, but the new annotated data applies a purely syntactic orientation and offers in this way a new resource to the linguistic research community. The paper details the process of reannotating the corpus, the linguistic criteria used and the obtained results.
Measurement of Archaeological Diversity and the Sample-Size Effect

Assemblage diversity is an important part of the structure of the archaeological record, but measuring this parameter often is difficult if samples of assemblages differ in size. Two methods, here called the sampling approach and regression approach, currently are used to assess the sample-size effect. The approaches differ in method and in results. The sampling approach is better suited to analysis of assemblage diversity among samples when the underlying population structure is well known, while the regression approach is more useful for examination of the sample-size effect when the underlying population structure is known poorly.
Sarcolipin interaction with SERCA is distinct from Phospholamban; only Sarcolipin can promote uncoupling of the SERCA pump (LB244)

Sarcolipin (SLN) and Phospholamban (PLB) modulate the activity of the Sarco‐Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump, in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Recent data suggest that SLN could play a role in muscle thermogenesis by promoting the uncoupling of SERCA ATP hydrolysis activity from its Ca2+ transport function. However, the mechanistic details of this uncoupling are unknown. In order to define how SLN promotes uncoupling of SERCA, we compared the interaction of SLN and SERCA1, with that of PLB. We used the cross‐linker (1, 6‐bismaleimidohexane (BMH)) to detect dynamic protein interaction during the SERCA cycle. We also performed Ca2+ uptake and ATP hydrolysis assays to study the effect of SLN on SERCA. Our studies reveal that 1) SLN affects the Vmax of SERCA Ca2+ uptake but not the pump affinity for Ca2+ 2) SLN can bind to SERCA in the presence of high [Ca2+] whereas PLB can only interact with the ATP bound, Ca2+ free E2 state and 3) unlike PLB, SLN interacts with SERCA throughout the kinetic cycle and promotes uncoupling of the SERCA pump. Using SERCA transmembrane mutants we additionally show that PLB and SLN can bind to the same groove but interact with different residues on SERCA. These data suggest that SLN is functionally distinct from PLB; its ability to interact with SERCA in the presence of Ca2+ causes uncoupling of the SERCA pump and increased heat production.
Low-Rank and Joint Sparse Representations for Multi-Modal Recognition

We propose multi-task and multivariate methods for multi-modal recognition based on low-rank and joint sparse representations. Our formulations can be viewed as generalized versions of multivariate low-rank and sparse regression, where sparse and low-rank representations across all modalities are imposed. One of our methods simultaneously couples information within different modalities by enforcing the common low-rank and joint sparse constraints among multi-modal observations. We also modify our formulations by including an occlusion term that is assumed to be sparse. The alternating direction method of multipliers is proposed to efficiently solve the resulting optimization problems. Extensive experiments on three publicly available multi-modal biometrics and object recognition data sets show that our methods compare favorably with other feature-level fusion methods.
Systolic blood pressure trends in US adults between 1960 and 1980: influence of antihypertensive drug therapy.

Recent blood pressure trends reflect progress in hypertension control, but prevalent drug therapy precludes direct estimation of the component due to primary prevention. In data gathered on persons aged 35-74 years in three successive US health examination surveys (1960-1980), systolic blood pressure levels assuming no drug therapy were imputed by reassigning blood pressure to the upper end of the distribution for respondents reporting use of antihypertensive medication. Blood pressure was partitioned into four ordinal categories based on weighted percentiles of the 1960-1962 distributions for 35- to 44-year-old males and females who reported no use of antihypertensive medication. Cumulative logit models (alpha = 0.01) were used to estimate age- and sex-specific trends for blacks and whites within two strata (<25 or > or =25) of body mass index (BMI) (weight (kg)/height (m)2). Before imputation, systolic blood pressure decreased between 1960 and 1980; after imputation, significant decreases remained only in 35- to 44-year-olds. Strong associations of black race and BMI > or =25 with higher blood pressures were present in models with and without drug therapy. Thus, according to the models, there has been little progress in decreasing racial or BMI-related blood pressure differentials. Above the age of 44 years, blood pressure trends were largely attributable to medication use. In contrast, data for 35- to 44-year-olds suggest progress in primary prevention.