Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graph Mining based on a Data Partitioning Approach

Existing graph mining algorithms typically assume that the dataset can fit into main memory. As many large graph datasets cannot satisfy this condition, truly scalable graph mining remains a challenging computational problem. In this paper, we present a new horizontal data partitioning framework for graph mining. The original dataset is divided into fragments, then each fragment is mined individually and the results are combined together to generate a global result. One of the challenging problems in graph mining is about the completeness because the of complexity graph structures. We will prove the completeness of our algorithm in this paper. The experiments will be conducted to illustrate the efficiency of our data partitioning approach.
Biodegradation of PET: Current Status and Application Aspects

Most petroleum-derived plastics, as exemplified by poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), are chemically inactive and highly resistant to microbial attack. The accumulation of plastic waste results in environmental pollution and threatens ecosystems, referred to as the “microplastic issue”. Recently, PET hydrolytic enzymes (PHEs) have been identified and we reported PET degradation by a microbial consortium and its bacterial resident, Ideonella sakaiensis. Bioremediation may thus provide an alternative solution to recycling plastic waste. The mechanism of PET degradation into benign monomers by PET hydrolase and mono(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalic acid (MHET) hydrolase from I. sakaiensis has been elucidated; nevertheless, biodegradation may require additional development for commercialization owing to the low catalytic activity of these enzymes. Here, we introduce PET degrading microorganisms and the enzymes involved, along with the evolution of PHEs to address the issues that hamper microbial and enzymatic PE.
Ca2+‐Transport ATPases of Vascular Smooth Muscle

To characterize the Ca2+-transport properties of the plasma membrane and of the endoplasmic reticulum of bovine pulmonary artery, membrane vesicles are subfractionated by a procedure of density-gradient centrifugation that takes advantage of the selective effect of digitonin on the density of plasma-membrane vesicles. The obtained endoplasmic-reticulum fraction contains hardly any plasma-membrane vesicles, whereas the plasma-membrane fraction is still contaminated by a substantial amount of endoplasmic-reticulum vesicles. An adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) energized Ca2+-transport system and a Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity are present in both subcellular fractions. The Ca2+ transport by the plasma membrane is catalyzed by a (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase of Mr 130,000. It binds calmodulin and it has a low steady-state phosphoprotein intermediate level. The endoplasmic-reticulum vesicles contain a Ca2+-transport ATPase of Mr 100,000 that is characterized by a high steady-state phosphointermediate level. It is antigenically related to the Ca2+-pump protein of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Phospholamban, the regulatory protein of the Ca2+-transport enzyme of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum, is also present in the endoplasmic reticulum of the pulmonary artery. A comparison of these fractions with the previously characterized fractions from porcine gastric smooth muscle reveals important differences in the basal Mg2-ATPase activity, in the ratio of the (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase of the plasmalemma to that of the endoplasmic reticulum, and in the ratio of the (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity to the plasmalemmal (Ca2+, Mg2+)-ATPase activity. These differences can be ascribed in part to the species and in part to the tissue. These data suggest that in the bovine pulmonary artery the Ca2+ extrusion via the ATP-dependent Ca2+ pump may have a less predominant role, and that the Ca2+ uptake by the endoplasmic reticulum, and possibly also the Ca2+ extrusion via the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger could be more important in this tissue than in the porcine stomach.
Evaluations of Good LDPC Codes Based on Generator Matrices

Since the weight and distance computations of LDPC codes is a NP problem, most presented evaluations of LDPC codes are based on the girth numbers of the codes, and the computation for the distance of the codes is also depended on the girth numbers. There has been no simple way to obtain the distance of LDPC codes because of the code length. Based on generation matrices, this paper develops an algorithm to estimate the upper bound of minimum weights and minimum distance of LDPC codes. The paper establishes the upper bounds of minimum weights and distances of LDPC codes by using the vectors of generation matrices, which is different from the presented probabilitistic search methods for the weights' and distances of LCPC codes. The proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the searching time of weights and distances. Applying the algorithm we find that some LDPC codes get good BER performance although they are only free girth 4 but of great distances. Simulations verify the algorithms to be valid.
Control of legged robots with optimal distribution of contact forces

The development of agile and safe humanoid robots require controllers that guarantee both high tracking performance and compliance with the environment. More specifically, the control of contact interaction is of crucial importance for robots that will actively interact with their environment. Model-based controllers such as inverse dynamics or operational space control are very appealing as they offer both high tracking performance and compliance. However, while widely used for fully actuated systems such as manipulators, they are not yet standard controllers for legged robots such as humanoids. Indeed such robots are fundamentally different from manipulators as they are underactuated due to their floating-base and subject to switching contact constraints. In this paper we present an inverse dynamics controller for legged robots that use torque redundancy to create an optimal distribution of contact constraints. The resulting controller is able to minimize, given a desired motion, any quadratic cost of the contact constraints at each instant of time. In particular we show how this can be used to minimize tangential forces during locomotion, therefore significantly improving the locomotion of legged robots on difficult terrains. In addition to the theoretical result, we present simulations of a humanoid and a quadruped robot, as well as experiments on a real quadruped robot that demonstrate the advantages of the controller.
Centrifugal pump and roller pump in adult cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Centrifugal pump (CP) and roller pump (RP) designs are the dominant main arterial pumps used in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Trials reporting clinical outcome measures comparing CP and RP are controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate clinical variables from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Keyword searches were performed on Medline (1966-2011), EmBase (1980-2011), and CINAHL (1981-2011) for studies comparing RP and CP as the main arterial pump in adult CPB. Pooled fixed-effects estimates for dichotomous and continuous data were calculated as an odds ratio and weighted-mean difference, respectively. The P value was utilized to assess statistical significance (P < 0.05) between CP and RP groups. Eighteen RCTs met inclusion criteria, which represented 1868 patients (CP = 961, RP = 907). The prevailing operation was isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CP = 88%, RP = 87%). Fixed-effects pooled estimates were performed for end-of-CPB (ECP) and postoperative day one (PDO) for platelet count (ECP: P = 0.51, PDO: P = 0.16), plasma free hemoglobin (ECP: P = 0.36, PDO: P = 0.24), white blood cell count (ECP: P = 0.21, PDO: P = 0.66), and hematocrit (ECP: P = 0.06, PDO: P = 0.51). No difference was demonstrated for postoperative blood loss (P = 0.65) or red blood cell transfusion (P = 0.71). Intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.30), hospital length of stay (P = 0.33), and mortality (P = 0.91) were similar between the CP and RP groups. Neurologic outcomes were not amenable to pooled analysis; nevertheless, the results were inconclusive. There was no reported pump-related malfunction or mishap. The meta-analysis of RCTs comparing CP and RP in adult cardiac surgery suggests no significant difference for hematological variables, postoperative blood loss, transfusions, neurological outcomes, or mortality.
C-Mine: Data mining of logic common cases for low power synthesis of Better-Than-Worst-Case designs

The Better-Than-Worst-Case (BTW) design methodology is well-known for its potential to improve circuit energy efficiency, performance, and reliability. However, most existing methods do not provide sufficiently scalable solutions. Thus, we propose a new technique, C-Mine, which combines two scalable techniques, data mining and SAT solving, to provide scale-up solutions. Data mining can efficiently extract patterns from an enormous data set, and SAT solving is famous for its scalable verification. The experimental results show that, compared to a recent publication, C-Mine can achieve compatible performance with an additional 5% energy savings, and 50x speedup for bigger benchmarks on average.
A state-of-the-art review of an optimal sensor placement for contaminant warning system in a water distribution network

ABSTRACT Protection of water distribution networks (WDNs) is at the forefront because of the negative implications of the use of the contaminated water on the public health. In order to safeguard the water distribution networks from accidental and intentional attacks, a water quality sensor should be installed across the network. Remarkably, the budget constraints to procure and maintain sensors have limited the number of sensors deployed in networks. These constraints make the optimal sensor placement receive notable attention. Over time, researchers have devised various methodologies to tackle sensor placement in a water distribution network. Investigations have shown that each of the methodologies has a research gap which must be addressed. In this work, a state-of-the-art review of optimal sensor placement in a water distribution network is presented. The review results show technical challenges, possible solutions, and future research directions in this domain.
Evaluation of dyslipidemia, lipid ratios, and atherogenic index as cardiovascular risk factors among semi-urban dwellers in Nigeria

Background and Objectives: The increasing frequency of cardiovascular disease (CVD) rests on the presence of major cardiovascular risk factors including dyslipidemia. This dyslipidemia is also a target for the prevention and treatment of many cardiovascular diseases. Hence, identification of individuals at risk of CVD is needed for early identification and prevention. The study was carried out to evaluate dyslipidemia using the lipid ratios and indices instead of just the conventional lipid profile. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study with 699 participants recruited from semi-urban communities in Nigeria. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and fasting lipid profiles were determined. Abnormalities in lipid indices and lipid ratios with atherogenic index were also determined. SPSS software version 17.0 were used for analysis, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 699 participants with a mean age of 64.45 ± 15.53 years. Elevated total cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, elevated triglyceride, and low high-density lipoprotein were seen in 5.3%, 19.3%, 4.4%, and 76.3% of the participants, respectively. The Castelli's risk index-I (CRI-I) predicted the highest prevalence of predisposition to cardiovascular risk (47.8%) with females being at significantly higher risk (55.2% vs. 29.3%, P < 0.001). Atherogenic coefficient, CRI-II, CHOLIndex, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) predicted a cardiovascular risk prevalence of 22.5%, 15.9%, 11.2%, and 11.0%, respectively, with no significant difference in between the sexes. Conclusions: Serum lipid ratios and AIP may be used in addition to lipid parameters in clinical practice to assess cardiovascular risks even when lipid profiles are apparently normal. AIP was more gender specific amidst the lipid ratios.
CORE: Nonparametric Clustering of Large Numeric Databases

Current clustering techniques are able to identify arbitrarily shaped clusters in the presence of noise, but depend on carefully chosen model parameters. The choice of model parameters is difficult: it depends on the data and the clustering technique at hand, and finding good model parameters often requires time consuming human interaction. In this paper we propose CORE, a new nonparametric clustering technique that explicitly computes the local maxima of the density and represents them with cores. CORE proposes an adaptive grid and gradients to define and compute the cores of clusters. The incrementally constructed adaptive grid and the gradients make the identification of cores robust, scalable, and independent of small density fluctuations. Our experimental studies show that CORE without any carefully chosen model parameters produces better quality clustering than related techniques and is efficient for large datasets.
Saarland University Spoken Language Systems at the Slot Filling Task of TAC KBP 2010

For the slot filling task of TAC KBP 2010 we developed as a system a simple pipeline architecture whose main components are a two-stage retrieval module and a relation extraction module. We use word-cluster features in the system as a method of achieving generalization by exploiting raw text. In the relation extraction module we use distant supervision in order to extract training examples from a partially completed knowledge base. The best-ranked run of the full system achieves an Fscore of 13.6% on the official test queries.
Modeling and Analysis of mmWave Communications in Cache-Enabled HetNets

In this paper, we consider a novel cache-enabled heterogeneous network (HetNet), where macro base stations (BSs) with traditional sub-6 GHz are overlaid by dense millimeter wave (mmWave) pico BSs. These two-tier BSs, which are modeled as two independent homogeneous Poisson Point Processes, cache multimedia contents following the popularity rank. High-capacity backhauls are utilized between macro BSs and the core server. A maximum received power strategy is introduced for deducing novel algorithms of the success probability and area spectral efficiency (ASE). Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations are presented to verify the analytical conclusions and numerical results demonstrate that: 1) the proposed HetNet is an interference limited system and it outperforms the traditional HetNets; 2) there exists an optimal pre-decided rate threshold that contributes to the maximum ASE; and 3) 73 GHz is the best mmWave carrier frequency regarding ASE due to the large antenna scale.
Truth Discovery and Copying Detection in a Dynamic World

Modern information management applications often require integrating data from a variety of data sources, some of which may copy or buy data from other sources. When these data sources model a dynamically changing world (e.g., people's contact information changes over time, restaurants open and go out of business), sources often provide out-of-date data. Errors can also creep into data when sources are updated often. Given out-of-date and erroneous data provided by different, possibly dependent, sources, it is challenging for data integration systems to provide the true values. Straightforward ways to resolve such inconsistencies (e.g., voting) may lead to noisy results, often with detrimental consequences. In this paper, we study the problem of finding true values and determining the copying relationship between sources, when the update history of the sources is known. We model the quality of sources over time by their coverage, exactness and freshness. Based on these measures, we conduct a probabilistic analysis. First, we develop a Hidden Markov Model that decides whether a source is a copier of another source and identifies the specific moments at which it copies. Second, we develop a Bayesian model that aggregates information from the sources to decide the true value for a data item, and the evolution of the true values over time. Experimental results on both real-world and synthetic data show high accuracy and scalability of our techniques.
On Secure VLC Systems With Spatially Random Terminals

This letter investigates the secrecy performance of a visible light communication (VLC) system with a legitimate receiver and a group of eavesdroppers. Considering the randomness of the locations of the legitimate receiver and the eavesdroppers, the statistical characteristics of the signal-to-noise ratio over the VLC downlinks are characterized; then, we derive the closed-form analytical expressions for secrecy outage probability and the average secrecy capacity by using stochastic geometry method. Finally, simulations are carried on to verify our proposed analytical models.
Facial expression recognition based on local binary patterns and local fisher discriminant analysis

Automatic facial expression recognition is an interesting and challenging subject in signal processing, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, etc. In this paper, a new method of facial expression recognition based on local binary patterns (LBP) and local Fisher discriminant analysis (LFDA) is presented. The LBP features are firstly extracted from the original facial expression images. Then LFDA is used to produce the low dimensional discriminative embedded data representations from the extracted high dimensional LBP features with striking performance improvement on facial expression recognition tasks. Finally, support vector machines (SVM) classifier is used for facial expression classification. The experimental results on the popular JAFFE facial expression database demonstrate that the presented facial expression recognition method based on LBP and LFDA obtains the best recognition accuracy of 90.7% with 11 reduced features, outperforming the other used methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), locality preserving projection (LPP).
A Comparison of Measures of Control Flow Complexity

In attempting to describe the quality of computer software, one of the more frequently mentioned measurable attributes is complexity of the flow of control. During the past several years, there have been many attempts to quantify this aspect of computer programs, approaching the problem from such diverse points of view as graph theory and software science. Most notable measures in these areas are McCabe's cyclomatic complexity and Halstead's software effort. More recently, Woodward et al. proposed a complexity measure based on the number of crossings, or "knots," of arcs in a linearization of the flowgraph.
Mold Contamination and Air Handling Units

An investigation was conducted on selected locations in air handling units (AHUs) to (a) identify common mold species found on these locations, (b) determine whether some locations (and subsets) featured mold growth sites more frequently than others, (c) ascertain whether the operating condition of AHUs is related to mold contamination, and (d) provide a basis for a microbial sampling protocol for AHUs. A total of 566 tape lifts and 570 swab samples were collected from the blower wheel fan blades, insulation, cooling coil fins, and ductwork from 25 AHUs. All AHU conditions were numerically rated using a heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) survey. Results showed that Cladosporium sp. fungi were commonly recovered in terms of growth sites and deposited spores, and they were found mainly in the blower wheel fan blades, the ductwork, and the cooling coil fins. Subsections of the fan blades, insulation, and cooling coil fins showed no preferred area for mold growth sites. Other organisms such as Penicillium sp. , Aspergillus sp. , and Paecilomyces sp. were recovered from the cooling coil fins and insulation. Because of the widespread prevalence of Cladosporium sp. , there was no relationship between mold growth and operating condition. However, the presence of different species of molds in locations other than the blower wheel blades may indicate that the AHU condition is not optimal. A suggested microbial sampling protocol including interpretations of sample results is presented.
Automatic Exact Histogram Specification for Contrast Enhancement and Visual System Based Quantitative Evaluation

Histogram equalization, which aims at information maximization, is widely used in different ways to perform contrast enhancement in images. In this paper, an automatic exact histogram specification technique is proposed and used for global and local contrast enhancement of images. The desired histogram is obtained by first subjecting the image histogram to a modification process and then by maximizing a measure that represents increase in information and decrease in ambiguity. A new method of measuring image contrast based upon local band-limited approach and center-surround retinal receptive field model is also devised in this paper. This method works at multiple scales (frequency bands) and combines the contrast measures obtained at different scales using Lp-norm. In comparison to a few existing methods, the effectiveness of the proposed automatic exact histogram specification technique in enhancing contrasts of images is demonstrated through qualitative analysis and the proposed image contrast measure based quantitative analysis.
A solution to the worn tooth conundrum in primate functional anatomy

Worn teeth are a bane to paleobiologists interested in the diets of human ancestors and other fossil primates. Although worn teeth dominate fossil assemblages, their shapes are usually not used to reconstruct the diets of extinct species. The problem is that traditional studies of primate dental functional anatomy have focused on unworn morphology. This has limited most functional analyses to only a few well-represented fossil species. This paper introduces a method to characterize and compare worn occlusal morphology in primates using laser scanning and geographic information systems technologies. A study of variably worn chimpanzee and gorilla molars indicates that differences between these species in tooth shape remain consistent at given stages of wear. Although cusp slope decreases with wear in both taxa, angularity values remain unchanged. These results indicate that African ape teeth wear in a manner that keeps them mechanically efficient for fracturing specific foods. Studies of changes in tooth shape with wear add a new dimension to dental functional anatomy, and offer a more complete picture of dental-dietary adaptations. Also, given how rare unworn teeth are in the fossil record, the ability to include worn specimens in analyses opens the door to reconstructing the diets of many more extinct primate groups, allowing us to better understand the adaptive radiation of our order.