Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Truncated differential cryptanalysis of PRINCE

PRINCE is a lightweight block cipher whose block size and key size are 64-bit and 128-bit, respectively. The core component of PRINCE is PRINCEcore which is wrapped by the initial and final key whitening. PRINCEcore adopts a 12-round SPN structure. This paper exploits some new vulnerabilities of PRINCE from an aspect different from previous results, and applies truncated differential cryptanalysis to PRINCE. The result demonstrates that for several reduced versions of PRINCE, there exist 5-round and 6-round out of 12 rounds truncated differential distinguishers. We introduce a key-recovery attack on 7-round PRINCEcore using two 5-round distinguishers, the data complexity is 250 chosen plaintexts and the time complexity is 248.2 7-round encryptions, with a storage of about 222.6 counters. Both the distinguishers and key-recovery attacks are not related to the value of α. Copyright © 2015John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth among Twins: Use of Singleton versus Twin-Specific Growth Nomograms

Abstract Objective We hypothesized that utilization of a twin-specific nomograms, when compared with one based on singleton data, is less likely to classify twins as having abnormal growth and more likely to identify perinatal morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods Data were culled from seven Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) studies, the included twin gestations in their study population. Each newborn twin's birth weight percentile was categorized using Alexander et al (singleton data) and Ananth et al (twin data) nomogram. Logistic regression models were adjusted for maternal race and body mass index, neonatal sex, study, and twin correlation. Results More twins were categorized as small for gestational age (SGA) when singleton nomogram was used (33%) compared with twin nomogram (4%). The use of singleton nomogram revealed a higher composite neonatal morbidity (CNM) and stillbirth rates among SGA twins but a similar neonatal mortality rate when compared with appropriate for gestational age. Correspondingly, when twin-specific nomogram was utilized, the CNM, odds of stillbirth, and neonatal mortality were higher among SGA twins. The rate of large for gestational age among twins was increased with the use of twin-specific nomograms. Conclusion Utilization of twin-specific nomogram is less likely to categorize twins as SGA and more likely to identify those at risk for stillbirth and neonatal mortality.
The safety and acceptability of delivering an online intervention to secondary students at risk of suicide: findings from a pilot study

Suicide‐related behaviour is a major problem among adolescents. Yet relatively few studies have tested the efficacy, acceptability and safety of interventions for this population. We developed and pilot tested an online intervention for at‐risk school students, which has led to reduced suicidal ideation, hopelessness and depressive symptoms. The aims of this study were to examine the safety and acceptability of the programme, and to determine which components were found to be most helpful and enjoyable.
The effects of anger on automated long-term-spectra based speaker-identification

Forensic speaker identification has traditionally considered approaches based on long term spectra analysis as especially robust, given that they work well for short recordings, are not sensitive to changes in the intensity of the sample, and continue to function in the presence of noise and limited passband. We find, however, that anger induces a significant distortion of the acoustic signal for long term spectra analysis purposes. Even moderate anger offsets speaker identification results by 33% in the direction of a different speaker altogether. Thus, caution should be exercised when applying this tool.
2-Amino-1H-benzoimidazol-3-ium 4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-dioxo-1-phenylbutan-2-ide

In the title compound, C7H8N3 +·C10H6F3O2 −, 1H-benzoimidazol-2-amine system adopts a planar conformation with an r.m.s. deviation of 0.0174 Å. The cation and anion in the asymmetric unit are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. There are also additional intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions between the phenyl rings of neighbouring anions with centroid–centroid distances of 4.0976 (13) Å.
Transportation problems and their potential solutions in smart cities

One of the most important components for proper functioning of cities is the mobility. As the paper focuses on transportation, the use of Intelligent Transportation Systems is crucial to enable modern smart cities solutions, both in cargo as well as passenger transport. This paper presents various problems of the typical city with regards to transport and mobility. Some problems are already partly tackled, but there are still open issues for research and development of even better approaches. Europe's Smart Specialization Strategy suggests that each region specializes in specific solutions, based on existing competences. The presented solutions are part of the Slovenian smart specialization strategy. However, the most important issue for implementation and for improving the real efficiency of the transportation in the smart city is simply the critical mass/acceptance rate of users/citizens.
Left Atrial Mass with Stalk: Thrombus or Myxoma?

A 63-year-old female was presented to emergency room with an abdominal pain. The patient had moderate mitral valve stenosis and atrial fibrillation. Abdominal computed tomography revealed right renal infarction. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large mobile mass in the left atrium. Transesophageal two-and three-dimensional echocardiography showed a large mobile ovoid mass with a narrow stalk attached to the left atrial septum. It was thought to be a myxoma rather than thrombus. Anticoagulation with heparin was continued. When the operation was performed, there was no mass in the left atrium. It must be a thrombus and melt away.
The use of microarrays in medicine.

The completion of the human genome project marks a major leap in our understanding of biological processes that will eventually transform all medical sciences. In a recent review in this journal, Ben Asher et al. [1] described the Israeli perspective of the human genome project, including microarray technology. In the present review, we will provide an overview of the application of microarray technology in research relevant to human disease.
Control of a small quadrotor for swarm operation

Abstract Small quadrotors, or so-called nanoquads, are widely available, typically have small take-off mass (between 12–50 g), and a flight time of about 5–10 minutes. The aim of this article is the proposal of control and development of the basic infrastructure for controlling a swarm nanoquads from an external computer and obtaining measurements from an onboard sensor. Control of nanoquad attitude and position is proposed and control allocation problem is addressed. Additionally, landing and collision detection is implemented using external disturbance force estimation. Results of the proposed control methods are verified in 4 scenarios: hover flight, manual control, step response, and collision and landing detection.
Uncertainty Intervention for Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer

Watchful waiting is a reasonable alternative to treatment for some older men with localized prostate cancer, but it inevitably brings uncertainty. This study tested the effectiveness of the watchful waiting intervention (WWI) in helping men cognitively reframe and manage the uncertainty of watchful waiting. Based on Mishel's Reconceptualized Uncertainty in Illness Theory (Image. 1990; 256–262), the WWI was tested with a convenience sample of 41 men. Experimental subjects received 5 weekly intervention calls from a nurse. Control subjects received usual care. Outcomes were new view of life, mood state, quality of life, and cognitive reframing. Repeated measures of analysis of variance were used to test the effectiveness of the WWI. The sample was 86% Caucasian and 14% African American, with an average age of 75.4 years. Intervention subjects were significantly more likely than controls to view their lives in a new light (P = .02) and experience a decrease in confusion (P = .04) following the intervention. Additionally, intervention subjects reported greater improvement in their quality of life than did controls (P = .01) and believed their quality of life in the future would be better than did controls (P = .01). This study's findings document the benefits of the WWI for patients living with uncertainty.
Melatonin–estrogen interactions in breast cancer

Abstract: In this article, we review the experimental data supporting an oncostatic role of melatonin on hormone‐dependent mammary tumors. Beginning with the evidence on the role of estrogens in breast cancer etiology and mammary tumor growth, we summarize the actual therapeutic strategies with estrogens as a target. Additionally, we demonstrate that melatonin fulfills all the requirements to be considered as an antiestrogenic drug which shares properties with drugs of the two main pharmacological groups of substances which interact with the estrogen‐signaling pathways such as: (i) drugs that act through the estrogen receptor interfering with the effects of endogenous estrogens; and (ii) drugs that interfere with the synthesis of estrogens by inhibiting the enzymes controlling the interconversion from their androgenic precursors. Furthermore, melatonin decreases circulating levels of estradiol. These three antiestrogenic mechanisms suggest that melatonin may have an important role in the prevention and treatment of hormone‐dependent mammary cancer.
A Case for Single System Image Cluster Operating Systems: The Kerrighed Approach

In this paper, we present fundamental mechanisms for global process and memory management in an efficient single system image cluster operating system designed to execute workloads composed of high performance sequential and parallel applications. Their implementation in Kerrighed, our proposed distributed operating system, is composed of a set of Linux modules and a patch of less than 200 lines of code to the Linux kernel. Kerrighed is a unique single system image cluster operating system providing the standard Unix interface as well as distributed OS mechanisms such as load balancing on all cluster nodes. Our support for standard Unix interface includes support for multi-threaded applications and a checkpointing facility for both sequential and shared memory parallel applications. We present an experimental evaluation of the Kerrighed system and demonstrate the feasibility of the single system image approach at the kernel level.
Proxy-based Sliding Mode Control of a Planar Pneumatic Manipulator

For a robotic system that shares its workspace with humans and physically interacts with them, safety is of paramount importance. In order to build a safe system, safety has to be considered in both hardware and software (control). In this paper, we present the safe control of a two-degree-of-freedom planar manipulator actuated by Pleated Pneumatic Artificial Muscles. Owing to its low weight and inherent compliance, the system hardware has excellent safety characteristics. In traditional control methods, safety and good tracking are often impossible to combine. This is different in the case of Proxy-Based Sliding Mode Control (PSMC), a novel control method introduced by Kikuuwe and Fujimoto. PSMC combines responsive and accurate tracking during normal operation with smooth, slow and safe recovery from large position errors. It can also make the system behave compliantly to external disturbances. We present both task- and joint-space implementations of PSMC applied to the pneumatic manipulator, and compare their performance with PID control. Good tracking results are obtained, especially with the joint-space implementation. Safety is evaluated by means of the Head Injury Criterion and by the maximum interaction force in the case of collision. It is found that in spite of the hardware safety features, the system is unsafe when under PID control. PSMC, on the other hand, provides increased safety as well as good tracking.
Neural Correlates of Traumatic Recall in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Functional activation studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using symptom provocation paradigms have implicated dysfunction in limbic and paralimbic brain regions. Increased or altered cerebral blood flow has been observed in amygdala and insula. Decreased or absent activity has been seen in medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). These brain regions comprise a neural circuit that has been demonstrated as important for emotional processing and emotional regulation. We studied combat veterans with PTSD (n=16), combat veterans without PTSD (combat controls, n=15 ), and age-matched healthy control subjects (n=15) with [O-15] H2O PET under a script-driven imagery paradigm of personalized traumatic/stressful and emotionally neutral events. Preliminary findings show that PTSD patients and combat controls had differential blood flow patterns during emotional recall in amygdala, insula and medial prefrontal cortex. Consistent with and extending prior findings, these preliminary results replicate differential patterns of activation in limbic and paralimbic regions of PTSD patients and trauma exposed controls suggesting that these neural substrates may be involved in the deficits in emotional processing in PTSD on one hand, and in resilience to trauma on the other.
Interpretation of fractures and joint inversion using multicomponent seismic data — Marcellus Shale example

AbstractEvaluating and exploiting unconventional complex oil and gas reservoirs such as the Marcellus Shale gas reservoirs within the Appalachian Basin in Pennsylvania, USA, have gained considerable interest in recent years. Technologies such as conventional 3D seismic, horizontal drilling, and hydraulic fracturing have been at the forefront of the effort to exploit these resources. Recently, multicomponent seismic technologies have been integrated into some resource evaluation and reservoir characterization activities of low-permeability rock systems. We evaluated how multicomponent seismic technology provides value to reservoir characterization in shale gas exploration. We improved fault interpretations and natural fracture identifications by means of P-SV1 and P-SV2 integrated interpretation. In addition, using P-P-/P-SV-joint inversion, we extracted key parameters, such as VP/VS ratio and density, that improve stratigraphic interpretation and rock-property descriptions of shale gas reservoirs.
A Comparison of Chronic Pain Between an Urban and Rural Population

Residents of rural and urban areas of North Dakota were surveyed regarding chronic pain.1 Participants (N = 188) responded to questions pertaining to the prevalence and characteristics of chronic pain, quality of life, and social support. Overall, 58% of the participants reported chronic pain, with arthritis as the leading cause, the lower back as the main location, and oral medication as the most common treatment. Individuals from rural and urban locations differed significantly in the rate of chronic pain reported. Participants with chronic pain reported a significantly lower quality of life than individuals without chronic pain.
A 3D model-based inversion algorithm using the radial basis function

In this paper, we present a three-dimensional model-based inversion algorithm for inverting electromagnetic data. In this approach, the shapes of the models are described by points and the so-called radial basis functions are used as the interpolation function connecting these points. The use of the radial basis functions renders the surfaces intrinsically smooth so that in the optimization process there is no need for introducing an additional regularization for enforcing surface smoothness. We tested this inversion algorithm using synthetic model examples. The results demonstrate that both the shapes and material properties are very well reconstructed.
High Prevalence of Obesity and Female Gender Among Patients With Concomitant Tibialis Posterior Tendonitis and Plantar Fasciitis

The link between increased body weight and hindfoot complaints is largely based on correlation to single foot pathology. We retrospectively reviewed 6879 patients with tibialis posterior tendonitis (TPT), plantar fasciitis (PF), or both. Among patients with either TPT or PF, 1 in 11 (9%) had both. We then compared age, gender, and body mass index among these groups. Patients with both diagnoses were neither statistically older nor more obese than patients with single diagnoses. However, they were statistically more female. Given the overall high prevalence of obesity in the study population, we feel these data support the link between obesity and multiple foot pathology. Levels of Evidence: Prognostic, Level IV: Case series
Effect of interbreath fluctuations on characterizing exercise gas exchange kinetics.

Breathing has inherent irregularities that produce breath-to-breath fluctuations ("noise") in pulmonary gas exchange. These impair the precision of characterizing nonsteady-state gas exchange kinetics during exercise. We quantified the effects of this noise on the confidence of estimating kinetic parameters of the underlying physiological responses and hence of model discrimination. Five subjects each performed eight transitions from 0 to 100 W on a cycle ergometer. Ventilation, CO2 output, and O2 uptake were computed breath by breath. The eight responses were interpolated uniformly, time aligned, and averaged for each subject; and the kinetic parameters of a first-order model (i.e., the time constant and time delay) were then estimated using three methods: linear least squares, nonlinear least squares, and maximum likelihood. The breath-by-breath noise approximated an uncorrelated Gaussian stochastic process, with a standard deviation that was largely independent of metabolic rate. An expression has therefore been derived for the number of square-wave repetitions required for a specified parameter confidence using methods b and c; method a being less appropriate for parameter estimation of noisy gas exchange kinetics.
Object Recognition using Segmented Region and Multiple Features on Outdoor Environments

This paper presents the method of region segmentation like six features, color, edge, straight line, geometric information, and template of tree color. The proposition of method segments region of image which is obtained by CCD camera mounted on the mobile robot. Moving robot takes database images on outdoor environment. We classify object to natural and artificial and then define their characteristics individually. In the process, we segment regions included objects by preprocessing. Objects can be recognized when we combine predefined multiple features. In addition, the feature of XCM (X co-occurrence matrix) detect region of tree, where X is information of arbitrary like intensity or hue. So the features use XCM as well as five features which we define. Our method is more effective than conventional region segmentation on outdoor environment because we present the method to combine various features in complex image. We achieved the result of region segmentation using multiple features through experiments.
A Data Analysis-Based Approach for Detecting Intruders

ABSTRACT We introduce a novel anomaly intrusion detection method based on Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). This approach searches for those vectors in the underlying space that best discriminate among users' profile classes. The discrimination rules are based on linear combinations of the observed users' profiles, called discriminant factors. This new approach provides for the ability to learn and later determine whether a new profile does or does not correspond to those of known users. Unlike many researchers we used realistic data to learn the behaviors of four students' classes. After that we apply LDA to get an appropriate discrimination between the student classes. Thus one can easily determine if a new student is legitimate or not by projecting its profile onto the profile subspace. Simulations show that our approach outperforms both Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Electre Tri methods.
Clinical analysis of thymic regrowth following chemotherapy in children and adolescents with malignant lymphoma.

OBJECTIVES Thymic regrowth following chemotherapy has typical clinical and imaging manifestations that can be used to diagnose it prior to pathological diagnosis. We investigated methods for diagnosing thymic regrowth following chemotherapy with non-invasive methods. METHODS Our study included 26 children and adolescents with thymic regrowth following chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma. Computed tomography scans were routinely performed for follow-up observations. After the emergence of new mediastinal masses, patients either underwent Fluorine-18 ﬂuorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography scans to identify the characteristics of the mass, or were closely followed up. RESULTS Thymic regrowth occurred 1-12 months after the last chemotherapy (mean, 4 months). Computed tomography mostly revealed diffusely enlarged thymic parenchymatous tissues that maintained normal thymic morphology. Computed tomography values were 36.72 ± 9.48 Hu and increased by 5.56 ± 2.62 Hu in contrast enhancement. The mean volume of the mass was 19.2 cm(3). Twenty patients underwent positron emission tomography; among them, five (25%) showed no intake of Fluorine-18 ﬂuorodeoxyglucose in the anterior mediastinal mass, and 15 (75%) showed radioactivity distribution in the mass with a mean standardized uptake value of 2.7; the shape was regular and radioactivity distribution was uniform. The mean follow-up duration was 40 months and all patients achieved disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of pathological diagnosis, thymic regrowth following chemotherapy can be diagnosed by clinical features combined with characteristic manifestations in computed tomography and positron emission tomography scans.
Postadministration Protective Effect of Magnesium‐L‐ascorbyl‐phosphate on the Development of UVB‐induced Cutaneous Damage in Mice

The effects of stable vitamin C, magnesium‐L‐ascorbyl‐2‐phosphate (MAP), administered after acute and chronic exposure to UVB irradiation were investigated using hairless mice. Intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg of MAP immediately after acute exposure to 15 kJ/m2 of UVB significantly prevented increases of UVB‐induced lipid peroxidation in skin and sialic acid in serum, an inflammation marker. Administration of 50 mg/kg of MAP immediately after each exposure significantly delayed skin tumor formation and hyperplasia induced by chronic exposure to 2 kJ/m2 of UVB. Intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg of MAP produced an increase in ascorbic acid (As) levels in the serum, liver and skin within 15 min. Serum As levels quickly returned to normal, but hepatic and cutaneous levels remained elevated before returning to normal after 24 h, suggesting that MAP was converted to As in the serum and in those tissues. Ultraviolet B‐induced hydroxyl radical generation in murine skin homogenates was scavenged by As‐Na addition, which was directly detected by electron spin resonance (ESR). These results suggest that postadministration of MAP delays progression of skin damage induced by UVB irradiation. It is presumed that MAP, once converted to As, exhibits such inhibitory effects by scavenging hydroxyl and lipid radicals generated as a direct or indirect result of UVB exposure.