Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making sense of comments on YouTube educational videos: a self-directed learning perspective

Through the lens of self-directed theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate if social technologies such as YouTube will be viable to disseminate educational instructions and in the process empowering learners to take charge of their learning. ,A total of 150 educational videos on YouTube were selected and 29,386 comments extracted using the authors’ customized extraction software application. Sentiment and qualitative content analyses were performed. ,Results indicate that YouTube can play important roles in facilitating online self-directed learning (SDL) as the findings uncovered a variety of learning and social affordances of YouTube. However, caution should be exercised as high views and well-commented videos might not imply quality and credibility. This study concludes that YouTube generally provides a conducive a learning environment that affords learners the resources to meet their SDL objectives. ,To the best of knowledge, this is the first study that investigates SDL in social media by combining both qualitative content and sentiment analyses. The study shows that such a hybrid approach of combining two diverse analytical techniques provides an innovative means to make sense of comments expressed in social media. ,The results will help educational institutions and policy-makers to craft better programs for public education and create policies to help self-directed learners in evaluating online video resources. ,Despite a wealth of literature on the use of technologies to support learning, the majority of work done to date has dealt in the classroom context. Studies on SDL using educational content on YouTube are limited. Hence, this research contributes by providing insights on how educational institutions can move toward the direction of building collaborative digital learning platforms with relevant educational instruction and resources to enable users to participate in lifelong self-learning and education.
L'analyse dynamique des dépendances

Pour de nombreuses theories financieres comme l'allocation d'actifs, la gestion de risque et l'evaluation des produits derives, la dependance entre les facteurs de risque occupe une position cruciale. L'allocation d'actifs et l'evaluation des risques s'appuient sur des correlations, dans ce cas, un grand nombre de correlations sont souvent necessaires. L'etude de notre article suit l'approche du modele "CAVA" et l'applique dans l'analyse des risques d'un portefeuille international. Dans la section 2, nous commencons par un rappel de la theorie de la copule puis introduisons la decomposition d'une densite multivariee CAVA en produits des densites marginales et des densites de copule variee. La section 3 presente le modele "CAVA". Dans la section 4, nous decrivons les deux approches de la dependance dynamique. La section 5 donne une revision sur les domaines GARCH. La section 6 montre comment estimer les parametres du modele. La section 7 traite de la specification du modele. Dans la section 8, nous appliquons la methodologie et discutons les resultats. Enfin, la section 9 donne des conclusions et resultats.
Mechanism of tongue protraction in microhylid frogs

SUMMARY High-speed videography and muscle denervation experiments were used to elucidate the mechanism of tongue protraction in the microhylid frog Phrynomantis bifasciatus. Unlike most frogs, Phrynomantis has the ability to protract the tongue through a lateral arc of over 200° in the frontal plane. Thus, the tongue can be aimed side to side, independently of head and jaw movements. Denervation experiments demonstrate that the m. genioglossus complex controls lateral tongue aiming with a hydrostatic mechanism. After unilateral denervation of the m. genioglossus complex, the tongue can only be protracted towards the denervated (inactive) side and the range through which the tongue can be aimed is reduced by 75%. Histological sections of the tongue reveal a compartment of perpendicularly arranged muscle fibers, the m. genioglossus dorsoventralis. This compartment, in conjunction with the surrounding connective tissue, generates hydrostatic pressure that powers tongue movements in Phrynomantis. A survey of aiming abilities in 17 additional species of microhylid frogs, representing a total of 12 genera and six subfamilies, indicates that hydrostatic tongues are found throughout this family. Among frogs, this mechanism of tongue protraction was previously known only in Hemisus and may represent a synapomorphy of Hemisus and Microhylidae.
Comparison of palpation‐guided and ultrasound‐guided biopsies in transplanted kidneys

Biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of conditions affecting the function of renal allografts. Obtaining representative tissue in biopsies is critical but these procedures are associated with up to 9% of complications and 20% of inadequate material. Although ultrasound guidance allows perfect control of depth and location of the graft, there is controversy regarding the cost–benefit of its use and reports of unsuitable material in ultrasound‐guided biopsies are still high. Purpose: To compare ultrasound with the palpation method to guide biopsies in order to see if there is any difference between both methods and which one is better. Patients and methods: The casuistic consisted of 82 renal transplant patients (32 female and 50 male patients, age ranging between 5 and 64 yr; m=31.2 yr) randomized into two groups: GI, palpation‐guided; GII, ultrasound‐guided. Fifty‐six biopsies were performed in GI and 66 in GII. Results: Number of glomeruli, arcuate, and interlobar arteries and arterioles were compared in the two groups and were 503 (m=10) vs. 801 (m=12.9), 24 (m=0.5) vs. 38 (m=0.6), 104 (m=2.1) vs. 154 (m=2.5), and 174 (m=3.5) vs. 264 (4.3), respectively (p<0.05). Inadequate material for analysis in GI and GII was 7.1 and 7.6%, respectively (p=0.72). Conclusions: Although ultrasound guidance improves the number of glomeruli, arcuate, and interlobar arteries, as well as arterioles, compared with palpation‐guided biopsies, there is no difference in the rate of adequate material between the two methods.
Les effets de la lumière sur le métabolisme du carbone des bactéries marines contenant la protéorhodopsine : cas d’étude en culture continue d’une Gammaprotéobactérie Photobacterium angustum S14

Depuis sa decouverte, les etudes concernant la proteorhodopsine sont de plus en plus nombreuses. L’hypothese qu’elle apporte des avantages dans des conditions pauvres en nutriments aux procaryotes contenant la proteorhodopsine par rapport aux heterotrophes stricts a ete exploree a plusieurs reprises et parait etre la plus probable. Dans ces travaux de these, nous contribuons a augmenter les connaissances son role dans l’efficacite d’utilisation du carbone organique disponible en utilisant une Gammaproteobacterie contenant la proteorhodopsine en presence et en absence de lumiere. La culture continue a ete utilisee afin de s’approcher au mieux des conditions environnementales. Les rendements et la maintenance energetique ont ete determines en suivant le modele de Pirt (1965) dans des conditions de pH acide ou sans stress par le pH. Ce travail a permis de montrer que la maintenance energetique a l’obscurite etait beaucoup plus elevee dans les conditions de stress. Cependant, lorsque la population bacterienne etait exposee en cycle lumiere-obscurite, l’energie necessaire a son maintien etait significativement diminuee tout au long du cycle. Bien que le rendement soit plus important avec un pH plus optimal, l’exposition en cycle lumiere-obscurite n’apportait pas les avantages observes dans les conditions de stress par le pH. Donc, il semblerait que la reponse a la lumiere de P. Angustum S14 soit plus liee a la balance energetique qu’a la concentration de substrat. Ces resultats innovants ont permis de soulever une hypothese quant aux raisons pour lesquelles de nombreuses etudes n’ont pas vu d’effet positif de la lumiere sur la croissance et le rendement des souches etudiees.
Effects of prominent in-game advertising in mobile media: cognitive, affective, and behavioural outcomes and the moderating role of persuasion knowledge

This study examined the effects of ad prominence and persuasion knowledge PK priming on game users' responses to in-game ads, the advertised brands, and the game. The experimental results suggested that game players showed more negative attitudes toward the brand and the game in response to high prominence ads. In addition, there was a significant interaction between ad prominence and PK priming on recall and attitudes. High prominence ads resulted in better product recall, only when PK was not primed. In contrast, high prominence ads resulted in more negative attitudes toward the game and game players' lower intention to play the game in the future, only when PK was primed. These results suggest that high prominence ads might be preferred when PK is not primed, whereas low prominence ads might be preferred when PK is primed. This study contributes to research on the effects of in-game ads in mobile games and provides practical implications for advertisers and game developers.
Assimilation de données pour l'estimation de l'état hydraulique d'un aménagement hydroélectrique du Rhône équipé de la commande prédictive

Producteur d'electricite, la CNR gere 19 barrages et 19 centrales hydroelectriques repartis le long du Rhone de la frontiere Suisse a la Mediterranee. La majorite des amenagements de ce fleuve sont equipes de la commande predictive. Cette methode de regulation a nettement ameliore la gestion de ces amenagements. Cependant, il existe des situations qui perturbent le calcul de cette commande. L'objectif de ce travail de recherche est donc de mettre au point une methodologie et des algorithmes pour detecter les sources d'erreurs, les corriger et recaler le modele hydraulique sur lequel s'appuie le calcul de la commande, au fur et a mesure de l'acquisition des donnees observees. Pour cela, la methode d'assimilation de donnees de type stochastique tel que le filtre de Kalman semble etre la plus adaptee. L'hypothese forte de cette methode est la necessite d'employer un modele lineaire bien que le systeme etudie soit non-lineaire. De ce fait, analyser l'impact de la linearisation du modele et determiner ses limites d'application, furent indispensable. Pour s'assurer de l'efficacite de cette methode, une etude de la convergence du filtre a ete menee. Puis les notions d'observabilite et de detectabilite ont ete abordees afin de determiner les hypotheses suffisantes a la convergence du filtre. Pour illustrer ces etudes, des tests sur des experiences jumelles ont ete realises afin de voir si le filtre de Kalman joue bien son role d'estimateur d'etat dans diverses situations jugees problematiques pour la regulation. L'originalite de ce travail a aussi ete la possibilite de traiter des scenarii reels sur la plateforme de tests de la regulation de la CNR. Cet outil a donc servi a faire un comparatif entre la methode de mise a jour des observations qui est actuellement utilisee pour la regulation des amenagements du Rhone et celle qui est etudiee dans ce travail de these.
Comparison Approach of Intersection Distances for Advanced TOA Trilateration

The time of arrival trilateration method is one of the representative algorithms for the location detection technology, which estimates the location of mobile station (MS) at a unique intersection point of three circles with radiuses corresponding to distances between MS and base stations (BSs) and centers corresponding to coordinates of BSs. However, there may be serious estimation errors, when they do not meet at a point because the estimated radiuses of them are increased. The solutions for reducing the estimation position error in the main case of meeting three circles with the extended radius have been recently provided as the shortest distance algorithm and the line intersection algorithm. In general, they have good performance for the location estimation, but they may have serious errors in some cases. In this paper, we propose the efficient location estimation algorithm for the specific case of two large circles and one relatively small circle, which is located in the area of two large circles. In this case, there are six intersections in total based on the three extended circles and a small circle has four intersections with two large circles. The proposed approach compares four distances based on four neighboring intersections and selects the shortest one. Finally, it determines the averaged coordinate of two intersections corresponding to the shortest distance, as the location of MS. The location-estimating performance of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by the computer simulation example.
MEMS-based non-orthogonal redundant inertial measurement unit for miniature navigation systems

This paper describes the features of designing a MEMS-based non-orthogonal redundant inertial measurement unit for miniature navigation systems. With the aim of increasing the reliability and accuracy of motion parameters estimation considered, the inertial measurement unit in the form of a truncated regular tetragonal pyramid, at the sides of which inertial MEMS sensors (accelerometers and gyroscopes) are located, was considered. The performance of the considered configuration is analyzed and the corresponding multisensor data fusion algorithm is provided. The results of the preliminary experiments are also given.
Biomimetic electrospun nanofibers for tissue regeneration

Nanofibers exist widely in human tissue with different patterns. Electrospinning nanotechnology has recently gained a new impetus due to the introduction of the concept of biomimetic nanofibers for tissue regeneration. The advanced electrospinning technique is a promising method to fabricate a controllable continuous nanofiber scaffold similar to the natural extracellular matrix. Thus, the biomedical field has become a significant possible application field of electrospun fibers. Although electrospinning has developed rapidly over the past few years, electrospun nanofibers are still at a premature research stage. Further comprehensive and deep studies on electrospun nanofibers are essential for promoting their biomedical applications. Current electrospun fiber materials include natural polymers, synthetic polymers and inorganic substances. This review briefly describes several typically electrospun nanofiber materials or composites that have great potential for tissue regeneration, and describes their fabrication, advantages, drawbacks and future prospects.
DNA Pattern Matching using FPGAs

DNA Pattern matching, the problem of finding subsequences within a long DNA sequence, has many applications in computational biology. As the sequences can be long, matching can be an expensive operation, especially as approximate matching is allowed. Programmable logic offers the potential of fast implementations of matching algorithms, both because of the parallelism on offer and being able to implement the algorithm in hardware. We present a method of performing DNA matching using FPGAs. The novel aspect of the approach is the technique of converting a matching problem into a boolean satisfiability problem and then to a circuit, exploiting the reconfigurability of FPGAs. Good experimental results are obtained, showing the promise for more complex computational biology problems.
SOFTWARE COSTING ANALYSIS MODEL FOR EVALUATING VALUE FOR MONEY

Key procurement challenges include the definition of value and the identification of Value for Money principles. In the case of software development, the failure of contemporary systems of costing and project management to create reliable, replicable cost estimation that links to the requirements of project planners and managers represents a significant deficiency in procurement theory and practice. This paper explores the covert problems of software development procurement and its multi-disciplinary facets to arrive at a theoretical structure and methodology for estimating costs and value within unique software development procurement proposals. The methodology aims to provide a conceptual link between competing professional disciplines within a multi-disciplinary evaluation model.
Chronic sleep curtailment impairs the flexible implementation of task goals in new parents

Chronic sleep curtailment is a major concern for health in Western societies. Yet, research on potential consequences of long‐term sleep curtailment on cognitive functions is still scarce. The present study investigated the link between chronic sleep limitation and executive functions that enable adaptation to changing environmental demands, i.e. the ability to flexibly implement task goals. To address the effects of chronic sleep restriction under real‐life conditions, we considered a sample of adults who often suffer from reduced sleep durations over many months. One‐hundred and six new parents (infant’s age: 6–18 months) were assigned to a sleep‐curtailed group (<7 h of nighttime sleep) and a non‐sleep‐curtailed group (≥ 7 h of nighttime sleep), respectively, based on their self‐reported average nighttime sleep duration over the preceding 6 months. The ability to implement task goals was addressed applying a task‐switching paradigm in which participants randomly switched between two tasks. While the two groups did not differ with regard to overall performance level, number of nighttime awakenings, naps during the day, daytime sleepiness, mood, chronic stress level and subjectively perceived cognitive capability, sleep‐curtailed new parents showed higher costs for switching between tasks compared with repeating a task than non‐sleep‐curtailed new parents. This finding on the group level was further substantiated by a negative correlation between nighttime sleep duration and switch costs. With this study, we provide the first evidence for an impairment of the ability to flexibly implement task goals in chronically sleep‐deprived new parents and, thus, for a link between chronic sleep curtailment and executive functions.
Gender and ethnic classification of human faces using hybrid classifiers

This paper considers hybrid classification architectures for gender and ethnic classification of human faces and shows their feasibility using a collection of 3006 face images corresponding to 1009 subjects from the FERET database. The hybrid approach consists of an ensemble of RBF networks and inductive decision trees (DT). Experimental cross validation (CV) results yield an average accuracy rate of (a) 96% on the gender classification task and (b) 94% on the ethnic classification task. The benefits of our hybrid architecture include: (i) robustness via query by consensus provided by the ensembles of RBF networks, and (ii) flexible and adaptive thresholds as opposed to ad hoc and hard thresholds provided by using only DT.
Models for compression in full-text retrieval systems

This paper explores the application of arithmetic coding to systems involving the storage of a large body of text, along with a lexicon that lists the words and a concordance that indicates the exact locations at which each word can be found. A typical query might seek all sentences that contain a particular word or combination of words. The random-access requirement means that many current compression techniques are not directly applicable-particularly those using adaptive modelling. However, the static nature of the text and the existence of a lexicon give help that is not available in other compression scenarios. A number of different kinds of model developed for different parts of a full-text retrieval system are presented and evaluated. <<ETX>>
Negative Staining and Immune Electron Microscopy as Techniques for Rapid Diagnosis of Viral Agents

In 1973, Bishop and her colleagues visualized reovirus-like particles in thin sections of duodenum biopsied from a young child with diarrhea. Shortly afterward, in England’ and Canada,” similar particles were seen in feces using direct visualization with negative-stain electron microscopy. Now, nearly ten years later, the impact of rotaviruses on human disease is becoming apparent. In 1972, an outbreak of gastroenteritis affected 50% of students and teachers in an elementary school in Norwalk, Ohio. Particles 27 nm in diameter were visualized in the infectious stool filtrate. This filtrate was mixed with convalescent serum from a patient who had had the disease. The resultant particles were coated with antibody and clumped together. This technique was termed immune electron microscopy and the virus-like particles were called Norwalk agent. * It is estimated that these two agents account for 50% of hitherto undiagnosed gastroenteritis around the world. It is amazing that in this era of tissue culture, virology pathogens were diagnosed initially by electron microscopic techniques and that these techniques are still vital. Even in 1982 cell culture isolation is not an adequate diagnostic tool for rotaviruses. Norwalk agent and other antigenically related virus-like particles’. 20 are still not grown in cell culture systems. Even more recently electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy have been shown to be critical techniques for detecting new virus-like particles associated with gastroenteritis in humans. These particles have two things in common. They are smaller than rotavirus ( I 5-40 nm) and are round. They have logically been referred to by some investigators as small round virus-like particles (SRV). They are not antigenically related to Norwalk agent. Because these SRV have been detected by electron microscopy, their morphology is a distinguishing feature for some particles. Astrovirus, a 28 nm particle with a star-like surface was described by Madely and Cosgrove in 1975. Astrovirus has been detected in outbreaks of diarrhea in Scotland, England, and Canada.2. ’ 1 ~ 1 3 ~ 1 6 Caliciviruses, also approximately 28 to 30 nm in size, have been associated with diarrhea in human infants according to several
Middleware Support for Dynamic Sensing Applications

Sensing systems are moving out of the laboratory and into the real world, where they are being applied in a growing range of application scenarios. In order to increase effectiveness and efficacy as well as the return on investment, sensor systems must increasingly become easily reconfigurable and adjustable, in order to support system evolution and optimization. Currently, software technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) lack the feature of dynamic sensing. This proposed project tackles the critical problem of developing software technologies and specifically middleware support that reduces the complexity of developing and managing dynamic sensing systems. Achieving this vision within the resource constraints of contemporary systems requires a radical rethinking of classic middleware design and the development of a suite of efficient supporting tools. This paper presents our on-going research which focuses on enhancing the component model along with features of dynamic sensing, with innovative components implemented based on the middleware platform LooCI (The Loosely-coupled Component Infrastructure), which has gained widespread popularity. Technological outcomes of this research will be validated in the domain of logistics, but their applications can be extended to various industrial areas.