Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme for Vehicular Sensor Networks Without Pairings

Constructing intelligent and efficient transportation systems for modern metropolitan areas has become a very important quest for nations possessing metropolitan cities with ever-increasing populations. A new trend is the development of smart vehicles with multiple sensors able to dynamically form a temporary vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) or a vehicular sensor network (VSN). Along with a wireless-enabled roadside unit (RSU) network, drivers in a VSN can efficiently exchange important or urgent traffic information and make driving decisions accordingly. In order to support secure communication and driver privacy for vehicles in a VSN, we develop a new identity-based (ID-based) signature based on the elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC) and then adopt it to propose a novel conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme based on our invented ID-based signature. This scheme provides secure authentication process for messages transmitted between vehicles and RSUs. A batch message verification mechanism is also supported by the proposed scheme to increase the message processing throughput of RSUs. To further enhance scheme efficiency, both pairing operation and MapToPoint operation are not applied in the proposed authentication scheme. In comparison with existing pseudo-ID-based authentication solutions for VSN, this paper shows that the proposed scheme has better performance in terms of time consumption.
A motor neuron disease–associated mutation in p150Glued perturbs dynactin function and induces protein aggregation

The microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein and its activator dynactin drive vesicular transport and mitotic spindle organization. Dynactin is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes, but a G59S mutation in the p150Glued subunit of dynactin results in the specific degeneration of motor neurons. This mutation in the conserved cytoskeleton-associated protein, glycine-rich (CAP-Gly) domain lowers the affinity of p150Glued for microtubules and EB1. Cell lines from patients are morphologically normal but show delayed recovery after nocodazole treatment, consistent with a subtle disruption of dynein/dynactin function. The G59S mutation disrupts the folding of the CAP-Gly domain, resulting in aggregation of the p150Glued protein both in vitro and in vivo, which is accompanied by an increase in cell death in a motor neuron cell line. Overexpression of the chaperone Hsp70 inhibits aggregate formation and prevents cell death. These data support a model in which a point mutation in p150Glued causes both loss of dynein/dynactin function and gain of toxic function, which together lead to motor neuron cell death.
Neural network to identify individuals at health risk

The risk of diseases such as heart attack and high blood pressure could be reduced by adequate physical activity. However, even though majority of general population claims to perform some physical exercise, only a minority exercises enough to keep a healthy living style. Thus, physical inactivity has become one of the major concerns of public health in the past decade. Research shows that the highest decrease in physical activity is noticed from high school to college. Thus, it is of great importance to quickly identify college students at health risk due to physical inactivity. Research also shows that the level of physical activity of an individual is highly correlated to demographic features such as race and gender, as well as self motivation and support from family and friends. This information could be collected from each student via a 20 minute questionnaire, but the time needed to distribute and analyze each questionnaire is infeasible on a collegiate campus. Thus, we propose an automatic identifier of students at risk, so that these students could easier be targeted by collegiate campuses and physical activity promotion departments. We present in this paper preliminary results of a supervised backpropagation multilayer neural network for classifying students into at-risk or not at-risk group.
Biz1, a Zinc Finger Protein Required for Plant Invasion by Ustilago maydis, Regulates the Levels of a Mitotic Cyclin[W]

Plant invasion by pathogenic fungi involves regulated growth and highly organized fungal morphological changes. For instance, when the smut fungus Ustilago maydis infects maize (Zea mays), its dikaryotic infective filament is cell cycle arrested, and appressoria are differentiated prior to plant penetration. Once the filament enters the plant, the cell cycle block is released and fungal cells begin proliferation, suggesting a tight interaction between plant invasion and the cell cycle and morphogenesis control systems. We describe a novel factor, Biz1 (b-dependent zinc finger protein), which has two Cys2His2 zinc finger domains and nuclear localization, suggesting a transcriptional regulatory function. The deletion of biz1 shows no detectable phenotypic alterations during axenic growth. However, mutant cells show a severe reduction in appressoria formation and plant penetration, and those hyphae that invade the plant arrest their pathogenic development directly after plant penetration. biz1 is induced via the b-mating–type locus, the key control instance for pathogenic development. The gene is expressed at high levels throughout pathogenic development, which induces a G2 cell cycle arrest that is a direct consequence of the downregulation of the mitotic cyclin Clb1. Our data support a model in which Biz1 is involved in cell cycle arrest preceding plant penetration as well as in the induction of appressoria.
From three dimensions to five steps: The value of deliberate metaphor

Recent interest in the nature of deliberate metaphor has demonstrated the need for a threedimensional model of metaphor. Metaphor is not just a matter of language and thought, but also of communication. How can this starting point be connected with a discourse-psychological framework for metaphor in which it is assumed that people have to represent metaphor as part of a number of complementary mental models for discourse? And how can this discourseanalytical approach be formalized in the five-step method for metaphor analysis going from language to thought: Can this method be adjusted to cater to the formal analysis of metaphor in communication as well, so that a distinction can be made between deliberate and non-deliberate metaphor in the five-step method? These are the questions addressed in this article. Das jungste Interesse an der bewusst eingesetzten, gezielten Metapher hat die Notwendigkeit eines dreidimensionalen Metaphernmodells verdeutlicht. Metaphern sind nicht nur eine Angelegenheit von Sprache und Kognition, sondern auch fur die Kommunikation. Dieser Beitrag mochte folgende, sich aus diesen Voraussetzungen ergebene Fragen beantworten: Wie lasst sich dieser Standpunkt verbinden mit einem diskurs-psychologischen Ansatz, in dem vorausgesetzt wird, dass man sich die Metapher als einen Teilbereich komplementarer, im Diskurs aktivierter mentaler Modelle vorstellen soll? Und wie kann dieser diskursanalytische Ansatz in einem funfschrittigen Modell, das die sprachliche und kognitive Ebene umschliest, formalisiert werden? Kann dieses Modell auch die kommunikativen Dimensionen erfassen, so dass klar zwischen gezielter und ‚ungezielter’ Metaphernverwendung unterschieden werden kann?
Economic Growth in an Interdependent World Economy

We outline six facts that should be explained by an international growth model: 1) Conditional convergence; 2) cross-country dispersion of growth rates; 3) cross-country dispersion of per capita income levels; 4) cross-country dispersion of savings rates; 5) within country correlation of savings and investment and 6) cross-country equality of real rates of interest. We argue that the neoclassical model performs poorly in several dimensions and we provide an alternative two-sector endogenous growth model based on the work of Lucas and Romer that can account for all of our stylized facts. Our model accounts for the observation that poor countries grow faster than rich ones (fact number 1) as a consequence of the transitional dynamics of the ratio of physical to human capital. We show that opening capital mobility across countries does not necessarily equate the physical to human capital ratios across countries despite the resultant equalization of factor prices.
Psychological and Interpersonal Correlates in Men with Erectile Dysfunction and their Partners: A Pilot Study of Treatment Outcome with Sildenafil

The role of psychological and interpersonal factors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) with sildenafil or other oral therapies has not been sufficiently investigated. We conducted a pilot study of psychosocial predictors of pharmacotherapy treatment outcome and satisfaction in men with ED and their partners. Sixty-nine men with mild to moderate ED and their partners were enrolled in a multicenter, open-label, treatment trial with sildenafil. Treatment measures included a battery of validated self-report measures and questionnaires. Subjects also were interviewed according to a semistructured interview protocol. Partner assessments included self-report measures of sexual function, mood, and relationship satisfaction. Results indicated that, prior to treatment, patients had erectile function scores in the range of mild to moderate ED, with relatively low levels of concomitant depression, anxiety, and psychological stress and high overall levels of relationship adjustment. Partner sexual function was in the normal range of total Brief Index of Sexual Functioning for Women (BISF-W; Taylor, Rosen, Leiblum, 1994) scores, although more than one third of female partners had specific sexual complaints or problems. Among couples who completed one or both follow-up visits (N = 34), sildenafil treatment resulted in significant improvements in all aspects of sexual function in men, including sexual desire, orgasmic function, erectile function and overall sexual satisfaction. Significant improvements also were noted in partners' ratings of sexual function in most domains, including arousal, pleasure, and orgasm. Higher baseline levels of sex-specific anxiety were negatively associated with improvement in erections following treatment. Relationship adjustment at baseline, contrary to expectations, did not predict erectile or sexual satisfaction following treatment in the men or their partners but was significantly correlated with changes in sexual desire. Baseline levels of depression, anxiety, and stress generally were unrelated to efficacy or treatment satisfaction. However, we observed a curvilinear relationship in the men between baseline levels of stress and treatment discontinuation (i.e., subjects with moderate levels of stress were less likely to discontinue treatment). Because of a high number of dropouts, results of this pilot study await confirmation in a larger and more adequately powered clinical trial.
GluN2B subunit deletion reveals key role in acute and chronic ethanol sensitivity of glutamate synapses in bed nucleus of the stria terminalis

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical region for alcohol/drug-induced negative affect and stress-induced reinstatement. NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent plasticity, such as long-term potentiation (LTP), has been postulated to play key roles in alcohol and drug addiction; yet, to date, little is understood regarding the mechanisms underlying LTP of the BNST, or its regulation by ethanol. Acute and chronic exposure to ethanol modulates glutamate transmission via actions on NMDARs. Despite intense investigation, tests of subunit specificity of ethanol actions on NMDARs using pharmacological approaches have produced mixed results. Thus, we use a conditional GluN2B KO mouse line to assess both basal and ethanol-dependent function of this subunit at glutamate synapses in the BNST. Deletion of GluN2B eliminated LTP, as well as actions of ethanol on NMDAR function. Further, we show that chronic ethanol exposure enhances LTP formation in the BNST. Using KO-validated pharmacological approaches with Ro25-6981 and memantine, we provide evidence suggesting that chronic ethanol exposure enhances LTP in the BNST via paradoxical extrasynaptic NMDAR involvement. These findings demonstrate that GluN2B is a key point of regulation for ethanol's actions and suggest a unique role of extrasynaptic GluN2B-containing receptors in facilitating LTP.
EMDR for Treatment of Anxiety Disorder in a Patient with Intellectual Disability A Case Report

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a structured, eight-phase, mainly non-verbal psychotherapeutic approach that is developed to resolve symptoms that have stemmed from disturbing and unprocessed life experiences. EMDR is well known for the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, modified protocols have been developed for the treatment of other anxiety and mood disorders; especially if rooted from a traumatic experience in the past. People with Intellectual Disability (ID) are more likely to suffer from adverse experiences during their lives and psychiatric consequences are common among them. In addition, they are more likely to have difficulty in verbal communication which is a requirement in other psychological interventions but less so in EMDR. All these point towards EMDR as a potential add-on tool in this group of clients. Unfortunately there is limited, yet encouraging, published literature about the use of EMDR in people with ID. In this paper, I will report a successful use of EMDR for the treatment of PTSD and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in a 35 year old patient with moderate ID and then use this to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using EMDR for people with ID in a wider context.
Learning the Local Statistics of Optical Flow

Motivated by recent progress in natural image statistics, we use newly available datasets with ground truth optical flow to learn the local statistics of optical flow and compare the learned models to prior models assumed by computer vision researchers. We find that a Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with 64 components provides a significantly better model for local flow statistics when compared to commonly used models. We investigate the source of the GMM's success and show it is related to an explicit representation of flow boundaries. We also learn a model that jointly models the local intensity pattern and the local optical flow. In accordance with the assumptions often made in computer vision, the model learns that flow boundaries are more likely at intensity boundaries. However, when evaluated on a large dataset, this dependency is very weak and the benefit of conditioning flow estimation on the local intensity pattern is marginal.
A web-based translation service at the UOC based on Apertium

In this paper, we describe the adaptation process of Apertium, a free/open-source rule-based machine translation platform which is operating in a number of different real-life contexts, to the linguistic needs of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), a private e-learning university based in Barcelona where linguistic and cultural diversity is a crucial factor. This paper describes the main features of the Apertium platform and the practical developments required to fully adapt it to UOC's linguistic needs. The settting up of a translation service at UOC based on Apertium shows the growing interest of large institutions with translation needs for open-source solutions in which their investment is oriented toward adding value to the available features to offer the best possible adapted service to their user community.
Relationship of Organizational Commitment, Job Involvement, and Generativity to Interest in Mentoring Among Retirees

ii DEDICATION . iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF TABLES . x INTRODUCTION . 1 Bridge Employment . 5 Influences on Bridge Employment . 6 Personal and Organizational Benefits of Bridge Employment . 9 Mentoring . 11 Definitions in Mentoring Research . 13 Benefits of Mentoring . 17 Motivations to Mentor . 22 Mentoring in the Same or Different Organization . 25 Mentoring and Generativity. 26 Generativity . 28 Generativity: Meaning and measurement . 29 Generativity at Work . 32 Job-Related Predictors of Interest . 34 Organizational commitment . 35 Job involvement . 38 SUMMARY OF HYPOTHESES . 44 METHODOLOGY . 46 Participants and Procedure . 46 General Study Measures. 48 RESULTS . 52 Data Cleaning and Preparation . 52
Power Spectrum of the Density of Cold Atomic Gas in the Galaxy toward Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A

We have obtained the power spectral description of the density and opacity fluctuations of the cold H I gas in the Galaxy toward Cas A and Cygnus A. We have employed a method of deconvolution, based on CLEAN, to estimate the true power spectrum of optical depth of cold H I gas from the observed distribution, taking into account the finite extent of the background source and the incomplete sampling of optical depth over the extent of the source. We investigate the nature of the underlying spectrum of density fluctuations in the cold H I gas which would be consistent with that of the observed H I optical depth fluctuations. These power spectra for the Perseus arm toward Cas A and for the outer arm toward Cygnus A have a slope of 2.75 ± 0.25 (3 σ error). The slope in the case of the Local arm toward Cygnus A is 2.5 and is significantly shallower in comparison. The linear scales probed here range from 0.01 to 3 pc. We discuss the implications of our results, the non-Kolmogorov nature of the spectrum, and the observed H I opacity variations on small transverse scales.
Under Consideration for Publication in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming the Magic of Logical Inference in Probabilistic Programming

Today, many different probabilistic programming languages exist and even more inference mechanisms for these languages. Still, most logic programming based languages use backward reasoning based on SLD resolution for inference. While these methods are typically computationally efficient, they often can neither handle infinite and/or continuous distributions , nor evidence. To overcome these limitations, we introduce distributional clauses, a variation and extension of Sato's distribution semantics. We also contribute a novel approximate inference method that integrates forward reasoning with importance sampling, a well-known technique for probabilistic inference. To achieve efficiency, we integrate two logic programming techniques to direct forward sampling. Magic sets are used to focus on relevant parts of the program, while the integration of backward reasoning allows one to identify and avoid regions of the sample space that are inconsistent with the evidence.
Functional profile of S100A4‐deficient T cells

The protein S100A4 is best known for its significant role in promoting motility and invasive capacity of cancer cells. Since S100A4 expression has been reported also in T cells, we analyzed its potential role in T cell motility and inflammation. Using S100a4+/Gfp mice, we show here that S100A4 is exclusively expressed by memory T cells of CD4+ or CD8+ subpopulations, predominantly of the effector memory T cell subtype. However, the protein was not required for in vitro memory T cell migration toward gradients of the inflammatory chemokine CXCL10. Moreover, T cell memory response was normal in S100A4‐deficient mice and lack of S100a4 gene expression did not induce any defect in promoting the development of protective immunity or inflammatory reactions leading to autoimmunity. Taken together, our results demonstrate that S100A4 activity is dispensable for T cell motility/migration and inflammatory potential.
‘We are all Foxes Now’: sport, multiculturalism and business in the era of Disneyization

Abstract On Monday 2 May 2016, a little heralded, medium-sized, provincial soccer club, Leicester City, one with no record of league titles in 132 years of trying, no European heritage of any note, and no major expenditure on players, won the English Premier League (EPL) title. This astonishing outcome is at odds with the development of monetised late-modern European club soccer. A select group of clubs with a global ‘reach’, owned and funded by foreign capital, have increasingly dominated the EPL since its formation in 1992. Leicester City’s triumph was also notable because Leicester is regarded as a settled multi-cultural city. The title win was widely interpreted as a vehicle for promoting racial integration, as well as celebrating positive owner/fan identities, civic pride, and traditional sporting values over the ethos of business. This paper explores these issues and what the Leicester victory meant to local supporters, and to the city.
SHIFTR : A Fast and Scalable System for Ad Hoc Sensemaking of Large Graphs

We present SHIFTR, a system that assists users in making sense of large scale graph data. Making sense of information represented as large graphs is a fundamental challenge in many data-intensive domains. We suggest the potential of strong synergies between the data mining, cognitive psychology, and HCI communities in matching powerful graph mining tools with insights into how people learn and interact with information, and here we present SHIFTR as one such application. SHIFTR adapts the Belief Propagation algorithm to target important sensemaking tasks such as flexibly reorganizing graph entities into multiple groups based on both positive and negative examples. SHIFTR scales linearly with the graph size through its fast algorithm, novel mList data structure, and externalization of graph meta data. We demonstrate SHIFTR’s usage and benefits through real-world sensemaking scenarios using the DBLP dataset that has almost 2 million author-publication relationships. A demo video of SHIFTR can be downloaded at http://www.cs. cmu.edu/~dchau/shiftr/shiftr.mov.
CAFISS: a complex adaptive framework for immune system simulation

Currently most reported immune system simulations in literature involve the use of differential equations, genetic algorithm-based searching or simple cellular automata models. This limits the diversity in results obtained and thus provides fewer avenues for experimenting with behavioral responses of the immune system entities under exogenous stimulations. Complex adaptive systems (or CAS) by Holland provide a way of modeling natural systems with complex aggregation and nonlinear interactions to exhibit emergent behaviours. The immune system, being a powerful and flexible information processing system is particularly suited to being modeled using CAS. This paper describes a Java-based implementation of a framework for modeling the immune system, particularly Human Immunodeficiency Virus (or HIV) attack, using a CAS model. The credibility of the system is established through comparisons against available viral dynamics data. We show that it is feasible to achieve relatively accurate predictions of viral pathogenesis through agent-based discrete event simulations, the first steps towards improved automation of hypothesis verification.
A Matrix-Based Method for Evaluating ISP Network Performance

ISP network performance evaluation is very important to the improvement of application performance, the optimum competition of ISP network and the operation and management of Internet. ISP network consists of one or several autonomous systems (AS), so AS is chosen as a basic unit of performance evaluation. The performance measurement architecture of AS was put forward, and performance matrix model of AS was constructed. A method of AS performance evaluation was put forward based on AS performance matrix model. The evaluation method adopted weighted average of path performance between border routers as comprehensive performance metric of AS. Simulation results indicate that the method can evaluate AS performance effectively.