Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Germline Mutations in MSR 1 , ASCC 1 , and CTHRC 1 in Patients With Barrett Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

THE INCIDENCE OF ESOPHAGEAL adenocarcinoma (EAC) in the United States and Europe has increased 350% since 1970, with uncertain etiology. Although early-stage EAC is curable, most cases are detected at an advanced stage with poor survival. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is believed to be preceded by Barrett esophagus (BE), a premalignant metaplasia caused by chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD-related inflammation and the transforming growth factor (TGFB) pathway have been implicated in sporadic BE and EAC, just as the role of inflammation has become prominent in a range of human cancers. Although acknowledged, the role of inflammation in BE and EAC has not been thoroughly Author Affiliations: Genomic Medicine Institute (Drs Orloff, He, Yang, Bebek, and Eng and Mss Peterson, Ganapathi, and Heald and Mr Romigh), Taussig Cancer Institute (Drs Orloff and Eng and Ms Heald), and Stanley Shalom Zielony Institute for Nursing Excellence (Dr Eng), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics (Dr Bebek), Department of Genetics (Dr Eng), and CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center (Drs Bebek and Eng), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; and Department of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland (Drs David, Cheng, and Meltzer and Messrs Song and Wu). Corresponding Author: Charis Eng, MD, PhD, Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Mailstop NE-50, Cleveland, OH 44195 (engc@ccf.org). Context Barrett esophagus (BE) occurs in 1% to 10% of the general population and is believed to be the precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The incidence of EAC has increased 350% in the last 3 decades without clear etiology. Finding predisposition genes may improve premorbid risk assessment, genetic counseling, and management. Genome-wide multiplatform approaches may lead to the identification of genes important in BE/EAC development.
Collecting Image Description Datasets using Crowdsourcing

We describe our two new datasets with images described by humans. Both the datasets were collected using Amazon Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing platform. The two datasets contain significantly more descriptions per image than other existing datasets. One is based on a popular image description dataset called the UIUC Pascal Sentence Dataset, whereas the other is based on the Abstract Scenes dataset con- taining images made from clipart objects. In this paper we describe our interfaces, analyze some properties of and show example descriptions from our two datasets.
A Relationship of Tone, Consonant, and Speech Perception in Audiological Diagnosis

This study was designed to examine the phoneme recognition errors of hearing-impaired (HI) listeners on a consonant-by-consonant basis, to show (1) how each HI ear perceives individual consonants differently and (2) how standard clinical measurements (i.e., using a tone and word) fail to predict these differences. Sixteen English consonant-vowel (CV) syllables of six signal-to-noise ratios in speech-weighted noise were presented at the most comfortable level for ears with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss. The findings were as follows: (1) individual HI listeners with a symmetrical pure-tone threshold showed different consonant-loss profiles (CLPs) (i.e., over a set of the 16 English consonants, the likelihood of misperceiving each consonant) in right and left ears. (2) A similar result was found across subjects. Paired ears of different HI individuals with identical pure-tone threshold presented different CLPs in one ear to the other. (3) Paired HI ears having the same averaged consonant score demon- strated completely different CLPs. We conclude that the standard clinical measurements are limited in their ability to predict the extent to which speech perception is degraded in HI ears, and thus they are a necessary, but not a sufficient
Empirical Support for the United States Supreme Court's Protection of the Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege

This study explored relations between willingness to disclose in 5 psychotherapy scenarios and 2 independent variables (privilege condition and previous therapy experience). Scenarios involved suicidal, gravely disabled, physically abusive, and sexually abusive patients, and a police officer patient who shot a suspect. For each of the 5 scenarios, participants in the privilege condition had significantly higher willingness-to-disclose scores than participants in the no-privilege condition. There were no significant differences between willingness-to-disclose scores of participants with and without therapy experience; neither was there a significant interaction between privilege condition and therapy experience. Privilege condition was more predictive of willingness to disclose than personal characteristics or therapy experience. Results provide empirical support for the U.S. Supreme Court's recognition of the psychotherapist-patient privilege in Jaffee v. Redmond (1996).
Human Cytomegalovirus IE72 Protein Interacts with the Transcriptional Repressor hDaxx To Regulate LUNA Gene Expression during Lytic Infection

ABSTRACT A putative latency-associated transcript (LUNA) complementary to the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL81-82 region previously identified in seropositive donors' monocytes is also expressed during lytic infection. Thus, the LUNA promoter is active during both lytic and latent infection. Consequently, the mechanisms regulating this promoter may provide further insight into factors that determine whether the outcome of HCMV infection is latent or lytic. By transfection, the LUNA promoter exhibited low but reproducible activity. Substantial activation by virus infection suggested that a viral factor was important for LUNA expression during lytic infection. IE72, a known transactivator of viral promoters, activated the LUNA promoter in cotransfection assays. Furthermore, coinfection with wild-type HCMV but not an IE72 deletion virus (CR208) also activated the LUNA promoter. Finally, diminished LUNA gene expression in CR208 virus-infected cells supported a role for IE72 in LUNA gene expression. The initial regulation of herpesvirus immediate-early gene expression is associated with proteins found at cellular nuclear domain 10 (ND10) bodies, such as PML, hDaxx, and ATRX. hDaxx transfection repressed LUNA promoter activity. Furthermore, we observed binding of hDaxx to the LUNA promoter, which was abrogated by IE72 gene expression via direct interaction. Finally, we show that small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of the hDaxx interaction partner ATRX rescued LUNA gene expression in CR208-infected cells. Overall, these data show that hDaxx/ATRX-mediated repression of LUNA during lytic infection absolutely requires IE72 gene expression. It also suggests that the targeting of cellular factors by IE72 is important throughout the different phases of HCMV gene expression during productive infection.
Covering Non-uniform Hypergraphs

A subset of the vertices in a hypergraph is a cover if it intersects every edge. Let ? (H) denote the cardinality of a minimum cover in the hypergraph H, and let us denote by g(n) the maximum of ? (H) taken over all hypergraphs H with n vertices and with no two hyperedges of the same size. We show thatg(n)<1.98n(1+o(1)). A special case corresponds to an old problem of Erdo? s asking for the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex graph with no two cycles of the same length. Denoting this maximum by n+f(n), we can show that f(n)? 1.98n(1+o(1)). Generalizing the above, let g(n, C, k) denote the maximum of ? (H) taken over all hypergraph H with n vertices and with at most Cik edges with cardinality i for all i=1, 2, ? , n. We prove that g(n, C, k)<(Ck! +1)n(k+1)/(k+2). These results have an interesting graph-theoretic application. For a family F of graphs, let T(n, F, r) denote the maximum possible number of edges in a graph with n vertices, which contains each member of F at most r? 1 times. T(n, F, 1)=T(n, F) is the classical Turan number. Using the results above, we can compute a non-trivial upper bound for T(n, F, r) for many interesting graph families.
Comparison of Genetic Backgrounds of Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Portuguese Hospitals and the Community

ABSTRACT In order to understand the origins of the dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones in Portuguese hospitals, we compared the genetic backgrounds of nosocomial MRSA with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates from the same hospitals (n = 155) and from the community (n = 157) where they were located. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, spa typing, multilocus sequence typing, and agr type analysis revealed that the genetic backgrounds correspondent to the dominant MRSA clones in Portuguese hospitals during the last 15 years (Iberian ST247, Brazilian ST239, and EMRSA-15 ST22) were scarcely or not found among the present MSSA collection. The four major MSSA clones encountered (A-ST30, B-ST34, C-ST5, and H-ST45) correspond, or are very similar, to the background of other international MRSA pandemic clones, i.e., EMRSA-16, New York/Japan, Pediatric, and Berlin clones. However, with the exception of the Pediatric clone, none of these MRSA clones has been detected in Portugal. Our findings suggest the three major MRSA clones identified in Portuguese hospitals have not originated from the introduction of SCCmec into dominant MSSA backgrounds present in the Portuguese nosocomial or community environment but were probably imported from abroad. In contrast, the MRSA Pediatric clone might have originated in our country by the acquisition of SCCmec type IV into MSSA clone C. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the introduction of SCCmec into sensitive clones is most likely a relatively infrequent event that seems to depend not exclusively on the presence of a successful MSSA lineage.
Craft-based Exploration of Sense of Self

Self-defining memories are crucial for the sense of self, yet we know little of how to cue their recall in old age. This paper reports on interviews with 3 participants in a 10 week craft project. Findings indicate the challenges of introspection, of recalling negative self-defining memories, and of inaccessible cues, and we conclude with three design implications for addressing them.
The Fusion Process of Goal Ontologies using Intelligent Agents in Distributed Systerns

In the field of artificial intelligence, most of the distributed systems are described by services which can be composed to provide more complex ones. The potential to achieve dynamic composition of services has driven recent research efforts. To this end it is crucial to find solutions in order to automate this task. In the present paper, we propose a methodology which deals with these insufficiencies on two levels. The first level is the design. Based on teleological reasoning, each service is related to a goal which is represented by a conceptual model called an ontology. Services are described by a functional model which relies on a core reasoning process between interacting functional components of the complex system. The process is based on information flow (IF) approach, where the main idea is the fusion of goal ontologies. The second level is the implementation through multi agent systems (MAS). We propose an algorithm describing the mechanism of the dynamic fusion of services, in which the intelligent agents support the functional components of the complex system
ILNCSIM: improved lncRNA functional similarity calculation model

Increasing observations have indicated that lncRNAs play a significant role in various critical biological processes and the development and progression of various human diseases. Constructing lncRNA functional similarity networks could benefit the development of computational models for inferring lncRNA functions and identifying lncRNA-disease associations. However, little effort has been devoted to quantifying lncRNA functional similarity. In this study, we developed an Improved LNCRNA functional SIMilarity calculation model (ILNCSIM) based on the assumption that lncRNAs with similar biological functions tend to be involved in similar diseases. The main improvement comes from the combination of the concept of information content and the hierarchical structure of disease directed acyclic graphs for disease similarity calculation. ILNCSIM was combined with the previously proposed model of Laplacian Regularized Least Squares for lncRNA-Disease Association to further evaluate its performance. As a result, new model obtained reliable performance in the leave-one-out cross validation (AUCs of 0.9316 and 0.9074 based on MNDR and Lnc2cancer databases, respectively), and 5-fold cross validation (AUCs of 0.9221 and 0.9033 for MNDR and Lnc2cancer databases), which significantly improved the prediction performance of previous models. It is anticipated that ILNCSIM could serve as an effective lncRNA function prediction model for future biomedical researches.
Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1) is required for heart morphogenesis

Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis 1 (Daam1), a member of the formin protein family, plays an important role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton via mediation of linear actin assembly. Previous functional studies of Daam1 in lower species suggest its essential role in Drosophila trachea formation and Xenopus gastrulation. However, its in vivo physiological function in mammalian systems is largely unknown. We have generated Daam1-deficient mice via gene-trap technology and found that Daam1 is highly expressed in developing murine organs, including the heart. Daam1-deficient mice exhibit embryonic and neonatal lethality and suffer multiple cardiac defects, including ventricular noncompaction, double outlet right ventricles and ventricular septal defects. In vivo genetic rescue experiments further confirm that the lethality of Daam1-deficient mice results from the inherent cardiac abnormalities. In-depth analyses have revealed that Daam1 is important for regulating filamentous actin assembly and organization, and consequently for cytoskeletal function in cardiomyocytes, which contributes to proper heart morphogenesis. Daam1 is also found to be important for proper cytoskeletal architecture and functionalities in embryonic fibroblasts. Biochemical analyses indicate that Daam1 does not regulate cytoskeletal organization through RhoA, Rac1 or Cdc42. Our study highlights a crucial role for Daam1 in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and tissue morphogenesis.
Academic identities re-formed? Contesting technological determinism in accounts of the digital age

This paper will deconstruct ideas of the ‘digital age’ and ‘information society’ by exploring how digital technologies are invoked in accounts of changing academic identities. It argues that policy, and academic, narratives about the impact of digital technologies have been marred by a strand of technological determinism. Drawing on the work of Barbara Adam the paper will contest linear accounts of the experiences of time assumed in theories of space–time compression and suggest that attention needs to be given to the times of the body and the experiential which co-exist and interpolate the speeded up times of digital technologies. The paper explores the ways academic identities are being re-made, but also continuing commitments to the idea of an intellectual self. It argues that mundane technologies such as email are multiple in their effects, disrupting aspects of identity and exerting increased managerial surveillance, while simultaneously (in the same in-box) providing solace, research ideas, friendship and politics. The conclusions are more a sketch of a research agenda since there is remarkably little empirical research on academic identities and technology.
Swiss Elementary School Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Forest Education

This article investigates benefits and challenges of forest education in view of 257 Swiss elementary school teachers (1st–3rd grade), by means of a written questionnaire and 15 in-depth interviews. Two thirds of the teachers carried out forest education during normal lesson hours (mean visits = eight per year). Forests were clearly considered as an educational setting, and especially suitable for the enhancement of personal and social skills. Setting rules was seen as indispensable for successful forest education and a must to communicate to “novice” teachers. Moreover, the didactic of forest education should be implemented in teacher education curricula.
Television addiction: a survey.

Television Addiction: A Survey February, 1983 Robin Nell Smith, B. A. , Lake Erie College M.A., New York University, Ph.D., University of Massachusetts Directed by: Professor Daniel R. Anderson Despite assumptions about television addiction in the literature on television viewing, there have been no systematic attempts to document it. The present study was the first. A review of theories on addiction processes concluded that the theoretical consensus on addiction permits the possibility of the existence of this phenomenon in TV viewing. Also, the theories point to the affective domain as an area in which to expect differences between TV addicts and normal viewers. Both the scientific and popular conceptions of TV addiction were also reviewed. A content analysis of the popular literature provided specific guidelines for the operational definition of TV addiction used in this study. A television viewing questionnaire which included a selfrating scale of items derived from descriptions of addicts in the popular literature, as well as many other measures, was administered by mail to a random sample of residents of Springfield, Massachusetts in the spring of 1982. The response rate was 65%.
Human Resource Management in Education

When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This human resource management in education can help you to solve the problem. It can be one of the right sources to develop your writing skill.
‘From Cultural Studies to Cultural Science.’

Abstract This paper, first presented at a symposium on the ‘past, present and future of cultural studies,’ traces disciplinary changes in the study of culture from the perspective of ‘cultural science,’ a term that was used by some of the earliest practitioners of cultural studies, including Raymond Williams. The paper goes on to describe some problems with cultural studies as it has become institutionalised. It suggests that some of the concerns of the present moment, including work on the creative industries, show that a new version of cultural science is needed, based on evolutionary principles, in dialogue with the evolutionary approach in economics that was called for a century ago by Thorstein Veblen. This evolutionary turn, or ‘cultural science 2.0,’ it is argued, offers a radical and challenging future for cultural studies.
Culture of Neospora caninum in the presence of a Mycoplasma Removal Agent results in the selection of a mutant population of tachyzoites

Mycoplasmas are common contaminants of eukaryotic cells grown in tissue culture. A commercially available Mycoplasma Removal Agent (MRA) was therefore assessed for its effect on tachyzoites of Neospora caninum, in order to determine its suitability for further use in parasite cell cultures. Analyses of tachyzoite and excreted-secreted proteins and antigens by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting show that MRA treatment results in the rapid selection of a mutant population that differs from the control and parental lines in its protein and antigen content. The treatment of N. caninum cultures with MRA is therefore not recommended for the eradication of Mycoplasma.
Measuring the Effect of Social Network Data on Music Recommendation

With the rapid growth of online music market, online music providers are devoting on how to recommend suitable music for their customer to fit their interests. Music recommender system is therefore has been developed and researchers are focusing on how to improve the performance of music recommender system. Nowadays, social recommender system has been discussed widely, due to the growth of social networking website. Large amount of social data can be collected and which considered can be used to improve the recommendation quality due to the characteristics of social data. Thus, it is interesting to know the performance when adopting different kind of social data into music recommender system, including "Likes", "Check-in" and "Friends" in a fans page. A series of experiments have been conducted in the paper and to measure the rating of music recommendation by considering those kinds of social data. The experiment results show that the rating is the best when the recommendation that generated by considering all three kinds of social data.
Modelling the world : the social constructions of systems analysts

This dissertation is concerned with a case study of system dynamics, a well-known simulation modelling methodology, and its implicit theory of social system behaviour. System dynamics is policy oriented and is directed towards the control and management of social systems. It originally evolved in the context of military systems and then the application of systems engineering to the problems of corporate management, but was later expanded to tackle the problems of urban decay, population growth, and environmental collapse. It is therefore now aimed at large scale social engineering. The aim of the dissertation is to take tools drawn largely from the sociology of knowledge in order t o provide a perspective on the development of this particular strand of the systems movement. We investigate the status of system dynamics as a cultural artefact which is both a product of social structures and a resource for mediating and reinforcing such structures. The dissertation is addressed to the systems community, but must also meet the academic standards of the sociology of knowledge. There are seven chapters. The first two deal with the background to system dynamics and with methodological aspects of the perspective adopted in our approach. The following two chapters examine system dynamics as a social construction: firstly, with special emphasis on the social development of the cultural context in which it evolved; and secondly, on the social experience and cosmology of the System Dynamics Group at MIT. The next two chapters deal with the social effects of system dynamics, particularly its role as a 'binding agent' in negotiating social consensus. The seventh and final chapter discusses our conclusions.