Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ResearchArticle Nature – CultureConstructs in ScienceLearning : Human / Non-Human Agencyand Intentionality

The field of science education has struggled to create robust, meaningful forms of education that effectively engage students from historically non-dominant communities andwomen. This paper argues that a primary issue underlying this on-going struggle pivots on constructions of nature–culture relations.We takeup structuration theory (Giddens, 1984.The constitutionof society:Outlineof the theoryof structuration. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.) and decolonizing methodologies (Smith, 2012. Decolonizing methodologies research and Indigenous peoples (2nd. ed.). London: Zed Books. ) to reflect on the structural principles of the settled expectations of nature–culture relations. We suggest that taken together both Giddens’ and Smith’s respective discussions of time-space relations provide a powerful framing for nature–culture relations. Carefully examining shifts in the temporal and spatial scales during moments of talk and action in out-of-school science activities may help to increase the field’s understanding of divergences, convergences, and productive generativity betweenWestern science and Indigenous ways of knowing to create transformative science learning.Drawingonourwork in community-baseddesign research and studies of everyday parent–child interactions, we begin to describe emergent structural principles that may desettle normative time-space and nature–culture relations. In addition, we describe specific practices and pedagogical forms that expand views of human and non-human agency, as well as present and possible socio-ecological futures. # 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52:530–544, 2015
Specific expression of soluble adenylyl cyclase in male germ cells

The cAMP signaling pathway is an important mediator of extracellular signals in organisms from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes. In mammals two types of adenylyl cyclase synthesize cAMP; a ubiquitous family of transmembrane isoforms regulated by G proteins in response to extracellular signals, and a recently isolated soluble enzyme insensitive to heterotrimeric G protein modulation. Using the very sensitive reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) expression is detectable in almost all tissues examined; however, Northern analysis and in situ hybridization indicate that high levels of sAC message are unique to male germ cells. Elevated levels of sAC mRNA are first observed in pachytene spermatocytes and expression increases through spermiogenesis. The accumulation of high levels of message in round spermatids suggests sAC protein plays an important role in the generation of cAMP in spermatozoa, implying possible roles in sperm maturation through the epididymis, capacitation, hypermotility, and/or the acrosome reaction. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56:6–11, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Factors Sustaining Pediatric Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in Western Kenya

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) requires nearly perfect adherence to be effective. Although 90% of HIV-infected children live in Africa, there are limited data on pediatric adherence from this multicultural continent.We conducted a qualitative study to identify key factors contributing to pediatric ART adherence. Ten focus group discussions (N = 85) and 35 individual interviews were conducted with parents and guardians of HIV-infected children receiving ART in western Kenya. Interviews covered multiple aspects of the experience of having children take ART and factors that inhibited or facilitated medication adherence. Constant comparison, progressive coding, and triangulation methods were used to arrive at a culturally contextualized, conceptual model for pediatric ART adherence derived from the descriptions of the lived experience in this resource-limited setting. Child care, including sustained ART adherence, depends on interacting cultural and environmental determinants at the levels of the individual child, parent/caregiver, household, community, health care system, and society.
A1C for Screening and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes in Routine Clinical Practice

OBJECTIVE To evaluate A1C for screening and diagnosis of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes defined by oral glucose tolerance testing in clinical and general populations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A1C cut offs (≤5.5% to rule out diabetes; ≥7.0% to rule in diabetes) were derived from a clinical group (Melbourne Pathology [MP] group: n = 2,494; undiagnosed diabetes 34.6%) and then evaluated in a population-based sample (AusDiab group: n = 6,015; undiagnosed diabetes 4.6%). RESULTS For diabetes in the MP and AusDiab groups, A1C at 5.5% gave sensitivities of 98.7 and 83.5%, while A1C at 7.0% gave specificities of 98.2 and 100%, respectively. Many (61.9–69.3%) with impaired A1C (5.6–6.9%) in both populations had abnormal glucose status. CONCLUSIONS A1C ≤5.5% and ≥7.0% predicts absence or presence of type 2 diabetes, respectively, while at A1C 6.5–6.9% diabetes is highly probable in clinical and population settings. A high proportion of people with impaired A1C have abnormal glucose status requiring follow-up.
Classification and Medical Health Record Analysis using Convolutional Neural Networks

This thesis tackles two problems in the area of natural language processing (NLP) using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The first one is the prediction of the polarity for English language Twitter messages. Our approach is based on the shallow CNN framework in [31], extended to two convolutional layers. A corpus of 90M tweets is employed to generate unsupervised word-embeddings. The neural network is pre-trained on a set of 60M tweets, annotated automatically based on the emoticons they contain. Subsequently, the system is finetuned on hand labelled samples, obtained from the SemEval competition [28]. The impact of various hyper-parameters is analyzed and discussed. Our solution is part of the winning ensemble for task 4a of the 2016 SemEval contest [24]. The second part of this work deals with predicting ICD-9 codes from the text of electronic health records. Here we developed two kinds of labels: (i) the most represented top-level parent categories of the codes (8-class problem) and (ii) a one-vs-all approach for a specific code (binary problem). The documents are scanned for specific sections, which serve as input. Slightly different neural network configurations are evaluated, while a support vector machine classifier based on a bag-ofwords model is used as baseline. The performance is discussed with respect to the input sections, the classifiers and the labels. In order to verify that the network actually looks for meaningful patterns and does not base its predictions on spurious correlations, a qualitative evaluation of the sentences predicted with high certainty was performed by a clinician.
IFRS Adoption and Audit Fees-Evidence from New Zealand

Using a sample of 141 firms from New Zealand, this study finds evidence to support the hypothesis that IFRS adoption has a positive effect on audit fees. Given the considerable discussion about mandating IFRS for U.S.A. firms by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), this study's results are both important and well-timed.
Identification of a technological chance in product-service system using KeyGraph and text mining on business method patents

Notwithstanding the prevailing trend towards a product-service system (PSS), literature has not fully supported a company's PSS innovation due to an absence of available data and a lack of quantitative methodology. In particular, despite the importance of technology in PSS, literature has paid little attention to technology as an innovation source of PSS. In order to fill this academic and practical lacuna, this study proposes a database-centred approach for the identification of technological chances in PSS as an innovation source. For analysing PSS innovation, business method (BM) patents are utilised as a data source; further, the complementary pair of KeyGraph for chance discovery and text mining for knowledge discovery is systematically applied as a quantitative methodology. To illustrate the utility of the proposed approach, the case study of PSS in the mobile area is presented.
Free entry and social inefficiency in vertical relationships: The case of the Japanese MRI industry

This paper quantifies the welfare consequences of the medical arms race in the context of MRI adoption. We build and estimate a model of the vertical structure of the industry where MRI manufacturers sell highand low-quality MRIs in the upstream market, whereas medical institutions provide medical services to patients in the downstream market. Simulation results suggest that the current free-entry policy in Japan leads to excess MRI adoption. Furthermore, regulating medical institutions’ MRI adoption, taxing MRI purchases, or softening competition among MRI manufacturers would increase social welfare substantially by mitigating the business-stealing effect in the downstream market. JEL Classification: L51, I11, I18.
Word Association Responses, Lexical Development and the Relationship Within the Mental Lexicon of Second Language Learners

LX/06/02 Follow task 123 outlined on page 152 of McCarthy (1990 Vocabulary OUP), which is reproduced below. You do not have to use students: anyone who has an L2 but has not been brought up as a bilingual will do. Use at least four subjects and test them on their l2 (or L3/L4, etc.). Report your findings, giving the level(s) of subjects’ L2 (L3, etc) and including the prompt words and responses. Follow McCarthy’s list of evaluation points, adding other points to this if you wish.
The Role of Carbon Accountant in Corporate Carbon Management Systems: A Holistic Approach

Carbon accounting consists of a combination of advanced cost allocation techniques such as activity-based management and life-cycle costing; that improve the identification and assignments of carbon-related expenses and overheads to such objects as products, services, customers and organizational processes. The study therefore sets out to find the role of carbon accountant in corporate management systems. Data used for this investigation were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data are first-hand information from respondents while Secondary data include textbook, Annual Reports and financial statements and internet facilities. The study employed descriptive survey and ex-post facto research design and the formulated hypotheses were tested by use of T-Test and OLS Regression. Based on the analysis and the hypothesis tested, it showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between carbon accounting and corporate performance of selected quoted Manufacturing Companies and based on this findings, it was recommended amongst others that, adaptation to conditions that include long-term changing dynamics of the natural environment should be encouraged and the focus of finance and accounting system should not only cover short-term outcomes and management of short-term costing, reporting and disclosure but also long-term climate risks.
AUTOMATIC CREATION OF STRUCTURAL MODELS FROM POINT CLOUD DATA: THE CASE OF MASONRY STRUCTURES

One of the fields where 3D modelling has an important role is in the application of such 3D models to structural engineering purposes. The literature shows an intense activity on the conversion of 3D point cloud data to detailed structural models, which has special relevance in masonry structures where geometry plays a key role. In the work presented in this paper, color data (from Intensity attribute) is used to automatically segment masonry structures with the aim of isolating masonry blocks and defining interfaces in an automatic manner using a 2.5D approach. An algorithm for the automatic processing of laser scanning data based on an improved marker-controlled watershed segmentation was proposed and successful results were found. Geometric accuracy and resolution of point cloud are constrained by the scanning instruments, giving accuracy levels reaching a few millimetres in the case of static instruments and few centimetres in the case of mobile systems. In any case, the algorithm is not significantly sensitive to low quality images because acceptable segmentation results were found in cases where blocks could not be visually segmented.
Impaired Rescue of Chain-Terminated DNA Synthesis Associated with the L74V Mutation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase

ABSTRACT The L74V and M184V mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are frequently associated with resistance to the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors abacavir, didanosine, and lamivudine. Yet viruses containing any of these mutations often display hypersusceptibility to zidovudine (ZDV). Two distinct mechanisms have been described to explain HIV-1 drug resistance. One of these involves diminished rates of incorporation of the nucleotide analogue by mutated RT, while the other mechanism involves increased rates of phosphorolytic excision of the drug-terminated primer. To understand the biochemical mechanisms responsible for the hypersensitization of L74V-containing viruses to ZDV, we studied the efficiency of excision of ZDV-monophosphate (ZDV-MP)-terminated primers by recombinant wild-type and mutated HIV-1 RTs in cell-free assays. We observed that the L74V mutation in RT caused reductions in ATP-dependent removal of ZDV-MP from newly synthesized viral DNA. In addition, we determined that the L74V and M184V mutations did not affect the ratio between the populations of RT-DNA/DNA complexes found at pre- and posttranslocational stages; however, they might have affected proper alignment between incorporated chain terminator and pyrophosphate donor, substrate orientation, affinity for ATP, and/or primer-template substrate. Finally, we confirmed previous findings that L74V-containing viruses display diminished replication capacity and that this is associated with reduced levels of synthesis of early reverse-transcribed viral DNA molecules.
New firmsâ€™ bankruptcy: does local banking market matter?

This paper investigates the role of local context, with regard to the effect of local financial development and banking concentration, on a new firmâ€™s probability of bankruptcy. Our empirical setting is based on the Logit Multilevel Model that better allows the treatment of data referring to different levels of aggregation (firm and local variables) applied to new firms located in Italian provinces. We find that a higher level of financial development in a province decreases the likelihood of a new firmâ€™s bankruptcy. This result is robust considering a 2SLS regression in which we use instruments for the local financial development and for the concentration of bank branches. In addition, our estimations suggest that the effect of local financial development and bank concentration is shaped by size. Local financial development is particularly significant for small start-ups, which traditionally suffer from great difficulty in accessing credit, whereas local banking concentration reduces the probability of bankruptcy for large, new firms.
A new method for investigating the undersurface of cell monolayers by scanning electron microscopy

Glow discharge is commonly used for cleaning the inside of coating units and for cleaning hard surfaces before carbon or metal evaporation procedures. In this study it has been used to remove the embedding medium to reveal, for scanning electron microscope (SEM) study, the undersurfaces of Balb/c 3T3 fibroblastic cells that have been cultured on Thermanox discs and embedded in LR White resin. Ten to twenty‐minute ionization times were found to reveal the largest area of the undersurface without causing damage to the cells. Chemical etching of the resin was also shown to reveal the undersurface of the cells, but caused some damage, preventing successful re‐embedding for transmission electron microscopy, and at higher magnifications revealed less detail. A circular impression within the main outline of the cells was observed in many cells, which is considered to reflect the presence of a nucleus. The undersurfaces of most cells, after applying both methods of etching, displayed a number of very short processes. Subsequent transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sectioned, re‐embedded, areas of the gold sputter‐coated blocks revealed the depth of ionization that had occurred and confirmed that the specimens observed in SEM were the undersurfaces of cells. This method can be modified to study the attaching surface of any organism to a substratum.
Logic and objects : language, application and implementation

In this thesis we investigate a number of extensions to logic programming. In particular we look at the incorporation of concepts from functional and object oriented programming into logic programming. This is done by extending the regular syntax of logic programming to include notations for functions and classes. The object oriented extension — class template programming — allows us to see how we might compose logic programs into larger programs. Furthermore, it gives a sound basis for understanding what a program module might be in the context of logic programming. The various features commonly found in object oriented programming languages such as message passing and inheritance are given an interpretation in this framework. As a typical example of the power of class template programming we look at the representation of graphics in a logic programming context. This denotational graphics formalism shows how the relationship between terms and numbers can be used to construct an analogous relationship between terms and pictures. This allows us to describe pictures with terms. Furthermore, we can describe relations over pictures — such as a picture generator or the relation of ‘being inside a picture’ — as relations over those terms. Class templates are used as the programming formalism in which these relations can be expressed. The semantics of our extensions are carefully examined, and in particular we prove that class templates are a conservative extension of logic programming. This gives us a sound basis for our class template language and also allows us to inherit theorems and programming techniques from logic programming itself. We show a preprocessor which translates class template programs into efficient Prolog programs. We also investigate how a Prolog compiler might be modified to handle class tempaltes and give even better performance than that of native Prolog. Table of
Combinatorial Optimization Method Based on Hierarchical Structure in Solution Space

In this paper, we introduce a new concept into solution space of combinatorial optimization problems, and propose an optimization method algorithm based on hierarchical structure in solution space. The introduced new concept: "basin of attraction" is a set binding solutions by utilizing properties of local optimal solution. We become able to construe solution space as not only set of solutions but also set of basins of attraction hierarchically. The proposed method clarifies the search policy by relating hierarchical structure in solution space with intensification and diversification. We inspect performance of the proposed method by numerical experiment using typical benchmark problems.
Requirement for Annexin A1 in Plasma Membrane Repair*

Ca2+ entering a cell through a torn or disrupted plasma membrane rapidly triggers a combination of homotypic and exocytotic membrane fusion events. These events serve to erect a reparative membrane patch and then anneal it to the defect site. Annexin A1 is a cytosolic protein that, when activated by micromolar Ca2+, binds to membrane phospholipids, promoting membrane aggregation and fusion. We demonstrate here that an annexin A1 function-blocking antibody, a small peptide competitor, and a dominant-negative annexin A1 mutant protein incapable of Ca2+ binding all inhibit resealing. Moreover, we show that, coincident with a resealing event, annexin A1 becomes concentrated at disruption sites. We propose that Ca2+ entering through a disruption locally induces annexin A1 binding to membranes, initiating emergency fusion events whenever and wherever required.
The impact of e-Procurement practice in Indonesia government: A Preliminary Study (The case of Electronic Procurement Service at Bekasi District)

In digital economy, government of Indonesia uses the internet to deliver services and to communicate with citizens and organizations. One of applications are e-Procurement and LPSE is a unit to hold the service system of e-Procurement. Procurement of goods and services electronically in addition will increase transparency and accountability, improve market access and healthy competition, as well as improving the efficiency of the procurement process. Based on the background and specific objectives to be achieved, then the research will be viewed from e-Marketplace participation, Trust and its impact on the performance of existing procurement within the institution. Methods of data analysis used in this research is by using analysis of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) by using the program Partial Least Square (PLS) to examine the relationship between variables. The population used in this study is an enterprise as well as other clients using the system LPSE Bekasi District. There are three part in this study population, namely the provision of a company, customer, and supplier of LPSE users amounted to 60 users. From data analysis, there are one hypothesis that rejected. The implication of this study are implementation of e-procurement and e-marketplace participation giving impact to procurement performance.
Always take the weather with you, unless you want your digital signage advertising to be effective

Digital signage is probably the most skyrocketing advertising medium of the moment, since the LCD-screens are almost impossible to avoid for consumers in everyday life, nevertheless academic research concerning the potential of this medium is scarce. One of the features that makes digital signage such a powerful form of communication is the massive load of information sources you can insert into the playlist, including news headlines, weather forecasts and advertisements, just to name a few. Two experiments are executed to test the influence of the valence of the media context on the effectiveness of the embedded digital signage ads. More specific, the experiments investigate if the context created by airing a positive or negative weather forecast (exp. 1) or a positive or negative news headline (exp. 2) influences the effectiveness of the following ad. Results show that broadcasting positive weather announcements or news generate lower brand recall scores of the succeeding ads, while broadcasting negative weather reports and news headlines result in a more negative attitude toward the ad. In the case of the weather forecast, the effect on the attitude toward the ad is mediated by message involvement. These outcomes show that media context is an important factor to take into account when using digital signage as advertising tool and as such are valuable for both the theoretical and managerial side of the story. Contact Information of Corresponding author: ATINER CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No: MED2012-0122