Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recurrent neural networks with specialized word embedding for Chinese Clinical Named Entity Recognition

To extract medical clinical related entity mention from patient clinical records is an essential step in clinical research. Recently, many researchers employ neural architecture to tackle the similar task of clinical concept extraction or drug name recognition from English clinical records, and have got prominent progress. However, most previous systems on Chinese Clinical Named Entity Recognition(CNER) have focused on a combination of text “feature engineering” and conventional machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we proposed a nerual network system based on bidirectional LSTMs and CRF for Chinese CNER. Also, we use health domain datasets to create richer, more specialized word embeddings, and combined with the external health domain lexicons, the performance is futher improved.
Pleiotrophin differentially regulates the rewarding and sedative effects of ethanol

Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a cytokine with important roles in dopaminergic neurons. We found that an acute ethanol (2.0 g/kg, i.p.) administration causes a significant up‐regulation of PTN mRNA and protein levels in the mouse prefrontal cortex, suggesting that endogenous PTN could modulate behavioural responses to ethanol. To test this hypothesis, we studied the behavioural effects of ethanol in PTN knockout (PTN−/−) mice and in mice with cortex‐ and hippocampus‐specific transgenic PTN over‐expression (PTN‐Tg). Ethanol (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg) induced an enhanced conditioned place preference in PTN−/− compared to wild type mice, suggesting that PTN prevents ethanol rewarding effects. Accordingly, the conditioning effects of ethanol were completely abolished in PTN‐Tg mice. The ataxic effects induced by ethanol (2.0 g/kg) were not affected by the genotype. However, the sedative effects of ethanol (3.6 g/kg) tested in a loss of righting reflex paradigm were significantly reduced in PTN‐Tg mice, suggesting that up‐regulation of PTN levels prevents the sedative effects of ethanol. These results indicate that PTN may be a novel genetic factor of importance in alcohol use disorders, and that potentiation of the PTN signalling pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of these disorders.
Exploring an Auxiliary Distribution Based Approach to Domain Adaptation of a Syntactic Disambiguation Model

We investigate auxiliary distributions (Johnson and Riezler, 2000) for domain adaptation of a supervised parsing system of Dutch. To overcome the limited target domain training data, we exploit an original and larger out-of-domain model as auxiliary distribution. However, our empirical results exhibit that the auxiliary distribution does not help: even when very little target training data is available the incorporation of the out-of-domain model does not contribute to parsing accuracy on the target domain; instead, better results are achieved either without adaptation or by simple model combination.
Uniformly Porous MgTi2O5 with Narrow Pore‐Size Distribution: XAFS Study, Improved In Situ Synthesis, and New In Situ Surface Coating

Porous MgTi2O5 ceramics with pseudobrookite‐type structure have been prepared by in situ processing (viz. reactive sintering). In this communication, further studies have been carried out in order to evolve the porous MgTi2O5, viz., (1) X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) study of porous MgTi2O5, (2) improved in situ synthesis (i.e., more precise stoichiometric control), and (3) new “in situ surface coating,” which enables in situ MgTi2O5 synthesis, in situ uniform pore formation, and in situ surface coating in only one‐step heating.
The Clarens Web service framework for distributed scientific analysis in grid projects

Large scientific collaborations are moving towards service oriented architectures for implementation and deployment of globally distributed systems. Clarens is a high performance, easy to deploy Web service framework that supports the construction of such globally distributed systems. This paper discusses some of the core functionality of Clarens that the authors believe is important for building distributed systems based on Web services that support scientific analysis.
Ultrastructure of type VI collagen in human skin and cartilage suggests an anchoring function for this filamentous network

An mAb was used in conjunction with immunoelectron microscopy to study the ultrastructure and distribution of the type VI collagen network. Type VI collagen in femoral head and costal cartilage was found distributed throughout the matrix but concentrated in areas surrounding chondrocytes. Three-dimensional information gained from high voltage stereo pair electron microscopy showed that the type VI collagen network in skin was organized into a highly branched, open, filamentous network that encircled interstitial collagen fibers, but did not appear to interact directly with them. Type VI collagen was also found concentrated near basement membranes of nerves, blood vessels, and fat cells although in a less organized state. Labeling was conspicuously reduced close to the epithelial basement membrane in the region of the anchoring fibrils. No labeling of basement membranes was seen. Based on these observations it is suggested that the type VI collagen forms a flexible network that anchors large interstitial structures such as nerves, blood vessels, and collagen fibers into surrounding connective tissues.
New robust capability ratios approaches for quality control

En este trabajo, se proponen dos nuevos indices de capacidad robustos para detectar la influencia de los factores que pueden causar grandes desviaciones de las especificaciones tecnicas del proceso. El comportamiento de estos nuevos indices se analizo mediante la comparacion de su rendimiento con respecto a otras medidas de capacidad ampliamente estudiados en la literatura. El trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar la robustez de estos nuevos indices de capacidad bajo la presencia de valores extremos y de falta de normalidad. Para este proposito, se aplicaron tecnicas de remuestreo Bootstrap para detectar la verdadera capacidad potencial de un proceso a traves de los metodos de inferencia estadistica. La precision de los indices propuestos es discutida por medio de resultados numericos con un ejemplo de datos reales.
Born in an Alien Nest : How Do Social Parasite Male Offspring Escape from Host Aggression?

Social parasites exploit the colony resources of social insects. Some of them exploit the host colony as a food resource or as a shelter whereas other species also exploit the brood care behavior of their social host. Some of these species have even lost the worker caste and rely completely on the host's worker force to rear their offspring. To avoid host defenses and bypass their recognition code, these social parasites have developed several sophisticated chemical infiltration strategies. These infiltration strategies have been highly studied in several hymenopterans. Once a social parasite has successfully entered a host nest and integrated its social system, its emerging offspring still face the same challenge of avoiding host recognition. However, the strategy used by the offspring to survive within the host nest without being killed is still poorly documented. In cuckoo bumblebees, the parasite males completely lack the morphological and chemical adaptations to social parasitism that the females possess. Moreover, young parasite males exhibit an early production of species-specific cephalic secretions, used as sexual pheromones. Host workers might thus be able to recognize them. Here we used a bumblebee host-social parasite system to test the hypothesis that social parasite male offspring exhibit a chemical defense strategy to escape from host aggression during their intranidal life. Using behavioral assays, we showed that extracts from the heads of young cuckoo bumblebee males contain a repellent odor that prevents parasite males from being attacked by host workers. We also show that social parasitism reduces host worker aggressiveness and helps parasite offspring acceptance.
On Top-k Range Reporting in 2D Space

Orthogonal range reporting (ORR) is a classic problem in computational geometry and databases, where the objective is to preprocess a set P of points in R2 such that, given an axis-parallel rectangle q, all the points in P ∩ Q can be reported efficiently. This paper studies a natural variant of the problem called top-k ORR, where each point p ∈ P carries a weight w(p) ∈R;. Besides q, a query also specifies an integer k ∈ [1, |P|], and needs to report the k points in q ∩ P with the largest weights. We present optimal or near-optimal structures for solving the top-k ORR problem in the pointer machine and external memory models. As a side product, our structures give new space-query tradeoff for the orthogonal range max problem, which is a special case of top-k ORR with k = 1.
Assembly of electrospun nanofibers into crossbars

We report an approach for the hierarchical assembly of nanofibers into crossbar nanostructures. The polymer nanofibers are created through electrospinning process with diameters ranging in 10-80 nm and lengths of up to centimeters. By controlling the electrostatic field and the polymer rheology of the nanofibers, they can be assembled into parallel periodic arrays.
Loss of the Arabidopsis Protein Kinases ANPs Affects Root Cell Wall Composition, and Triggers the Cell Wall Damage Syndrome

The Arabidopsis NPK1-related Protein kinases ANP1, ANP2 and ANP3 belong to the MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) superfamily and were previously described to be crucial for cytokinesis, elicitor-induced immunity and development. Here we investigate the basis of their role in development by using conditional β-estradiol-inducible triple mutants to overcome lethality. In seedlings, lack of ANPs causes root cell bulging, with the transition zone being the most sensitive region. We uncover a role of ANPs in the regulation of cell wall composition and suggest that developmental defects of the triple mutants, observed at the cellular level, might be a consequence of the alterations of the pectic and cellulosic cell wall components. Lack of ANPs also induced a typical cell wall damage syndrome (CWDS) similar to that observed in plants treated with the cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor isoxaben (ISX). Moreover, anp double mutants and plants overexpressing single ANPs (ANP1 or ANP3) respectively showed increased and reduced accumulation of jasmonic acid and PDF1.2 transcripts upon ISX treatment, suggesting that ANPs are part of the pathway targeted by this inhibitor and play a role in cell wall integrity surveillance. Highlights: The loss of ANP function affects cell wall composition and leads to typical cell wall damage-induced phenotypes, such as ectopic lignification and jasmonic acid accumulation.
Cognitive performance after first ever stroke related to progression of vascular brain damage: a 2 year follow up CT scan study

Background: Stroke is one of the most common causes of cognitive impairment in the elderly. Ischaemic brain damage (white matter lesions and silent infarcts) progresses in a substantial number of stroke patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the progression of ischaemic brain damage is associated with cognitive functioning after first ever stroke. Methods: A total of 101 stroke patients were followed up for 2 years. Neuropsychological functioning was assessed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after stroke. Computed tomography was performed on all patients at baseline and 2 years after stroke. Progression in white matter lesions and (silent) infarcts was recorded. Results: Patients with progressive vascular brain damage performed worse on cognitive tasks, both 1 and 24 months after stroke, yet change in cognitive functioning was not different from that of patients without progressive vascular damage. During the follow up, improvement was noticed on most cognitive domains. Conclusions: Although patients with progressive vascular brain damage after a first stroke performed somewhat worse on cognitive tests than those without such damage, both groups showed an improved or stable performance 2 years later. Thus, there is not a simple relation between progression of ischaemic brain damage and decline in cognitive functioning after first ever stroke.
Genome-Wide Association Study of Young-Onset Hypertension in the Han Chinese Population of Taiwan

Young-onset hypertension has a stronger genetic component than late-onset counterpart; thus, the identification of genes related to its susceptibility is a critical issue for the prevention and management of this disease. We carried out a two-stage association scan to map young-onset hypertension susceptibility genes. The first-stage analysis, a genome-wide association study, analyzed 175 matched case-control pairs; the second-stage analysis, a confirmatory association study, verified the results at the first stage based on a total of 1,008 patients and 1,008 controls. Single-locus association tests, multilocus association tests and pair-wise gene-gene interaction tests were performed to identify young-onset hypertension susceptibility genes. After considering stringent adjustments of multiple testing, gene annotation and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) quality, four SNPs from two SNP triplets with strong association signals (−log10(p)>7) and 13 SNPs from 8 interactive SNP pairs with strong interactive signals (−log10(p)>8) were carefully re-examined. The confirmatory study verified the association for a SNP quartet 219 kb and 495 kb downstream of LOC344371 (a hypothetical gene) and RASGRP3 on chromosome 2p22.3, respectively. The latter has been implicated in the abnormal vascular responsiveness to endothelin-1 and angiotensin II in diabetic-hypertensive rats. Intrinsic synergy involving IMPG1 on chromosome 6q14.2-q15 was also verified. IMPG1 encodes interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 1 which has cation binding capacity. The genes are novel hypertension targets identified in this first genome-wide hypertension association study of the Han Chinese population.
Social Impacts of Electronic Mail in Organizations: A Review of the Research Literature

E-mail is a communication network operating on a computer network that supports social networks. It combines locational flexibility, rapid transmission to multiple others across time and space, and the ability to store and process information. This chapter reviews research into how e-mail shapes—and is shaped by—organizational structures and processes. Although social phenomena strongly affect the use of e-mail, many discussions of media use have treated it as a voluntary, individual act of matching task to media. They have paid less attention to the influence of organizational power, group perceptions, and social network relations. E-mail provides fewer cues than face-to-face communication about interactions, physical context, or social roles. As this fosters status equalization, there is less awareness of group members’ expertise, organizational niche and power, and ascribed characteristics. Under certain conditions, people are more uninhibited, nonconformist, and conflictual when using e-mail; groups a.
Extensions of differential representations of SL2 and tori

Abstract Linear differential algebraic groups (LDAGs) measure differential algebraic dependencies among solutions of linear differential and difference equations with parameters, for which LDAGs are Galois groups. Differential representation theory is a key to developing algorithms computing these groups. In the rational representation theory of algebraic groups, one starts with ${\mathbf{SL} }_{2} $ and tori to develop the rest of the theory. In this paper, we give an explicit description of differential representations of tori and differential extensions of irreducible representation of ${\mathbf{SL} }_{2} $. In these extensions, the two irreducible representations can be non-isomorphic. This is in contrast to differential representations of tori, which turn out to be direct sums of isotypic representations.
Structural filtering with texture feature-based interaction maps: fast algorithm and applications

We have recently introduced a new tool for texture analysis called feature based interaction map (FBIM). The FBIM approach can be efficiently used to assess fundamental structural properties of textures such as anisotropy, symmetry, orientation and regularity. The FBIM is suitable for rotation-invariant texture classification of patterns with regular, weak regular, or linear structure. In this paper, we show how the interaction map can be applied as a structural filter for segmentation, detection of textured objects and texture defects, analysis of oriented structures and shape-from-texture. The power of the FBIM filter is in its unique capability to grasp the structure of pixel interactions typical for a given texture pattern. To efficiently use this capability, we propose a fast running implementation of the FBIM algorithm and present pilot experimental results demonstrating the potential of the FBIM approach in diverse tasks and applications.
Association between Maternal Anaemia and Postpartum Depression in an Urban Sample of Pregnant Women in Iran

The aim of this prospective study was to determine the relationship between anaemia during pregnancy and postpartum depression. Two hundred eighty-one non-anaemic mothers with singleton and low-risk pregnancy and no history of antidepressant-use were studied. Demographic and reproductive data at week 20 were obtained. Mothers were followed up and haemoglobin (Hb) was checked at delivery. Iranian version of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) was completed 4-6 weeks after delivery. Mean age of the mothers was 26.6±4 years. The prevalence of postpartum depression according to EPDS was 5.5%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that Hb <11 g/dL at delivery would increase the chance of postpartum depression (OR 4.64; 95% CI 1.33-16.08). The results show that diagnosis and treatment of physiologic factors, especially anaemia, would reduce the risk of postpartum depression.
Low complexity connected digit recognition for mobile applications

For low complexity, mobile, hands-free, speaker inde- pendent connected digit recognition, a (cid:12)xed-point digital signal processor based implementation is essential. In this paper, we investigate algorithms for connected-digit recognition using whole-word digit models and a back- ground model. We show that signi(cid:12)cant improvement can be achieved by using background model adaptation, continuously adaptive separate cepstral mean subtraction for background and speech segments and discriminative training. The system achieves almost 96% digit accuracy on a 15 speaker database of speech recorded in a car. A real-time system using the Lucent’s DSP1627 has also been developed. We also present the results of our exper- iments in reducing complexity for the (cid:12)xed-point system. These include a method to approximate state-likelihood computation using a Vector Quantization based mixture selection and use of beam width pruning during Viterbi decoding.
An Implementation of an Algorithm for Nonlinear Programming Based on Piecewise Linear Models

This is a progress report on an implementation of the active-set method for nonlinear programming proposed in [6] that employs piecewise linear models in the active-set prediction phase. The motivation for this work is to develop an algorithm that is capable of solving large-scale problems, including those with a large reduced space. Unlike SQP methods, which solve a general quadratic program at each iteration, the proposed algorithm solves linear programs and equality constrained quadratic programs – both of which scale up well in the number of variables and constraints. The algorithm is implemented in the knitro software package and contains a variety of features to handle difficulties occurring in practice, such as Jacobian rank deficiencies, infeasibility, and ill-conditioning. Particular attention is given to the implementation of the piecewise linear models to achieve economy of computation and to conform with the theoretical guidelines given in [6]. Numerical results comparing the new algorithm with two established active-set solvers, snopt and knitro/active, are presented.
Effects of Interfaces on the Structure and Novel Physical Properties in Epitaxial Multiferroic BiFeO3 Ultrathin Films

In functional oxide films, different electrical/mechanical boundaries near film surfaces induce rich phase diagrams and exotic phenomena. In this paper, we review some key points which underpin structure, phase transition and related properties in BiFeO3 ultrathin films. Compared with the bulk counterparts, we survey the recent results of epitaxial BiFeO3 ultrathin films to illustrate how the atomic structure and phase are markedly influenced by the interface between the film and the substrate, and to emphasize the roles of misfit strain and depolarization field on determining the domain patterns, phase transformation and associated physical properties of BiFeO3 ultrathin films, such as polarization, piezoelectricity, and magnetism. One of the obvious consequences of the misfit strain on BiFeO3 ultrathin films is the emergence of a sequence of phase transition from tetragonal to mixed tetragonal & rhombohedral, the rhombohedral, mixed rhombohedral & orthorhombic, and finally orthorhombic phases. Other striking features of this system are the stable domain patterns and the crossover of 71° and 109° domains with different electrical boundary conditions on the film surface, which can be controlled and manipulated through the depolarization field. The external field-sensitive enhancements of properties for BiFeO3 ultrathin films, including the polarization, magnetism and morphotropic phase boundary-relevant piezoelectric response, offer us deeper insights into the investigations of the emergent properties and phenomena of epitaxial ultrathin films under various mechanical/electrical constraints. Finally, we briefly summarize the recent progress and list open questions for future study on BiFeO3 ultrathin films.
Electrical interconnect test of 3D ICs made of dies without ESD protection circuits with a built-in test circuit

In this paper, an electrical interconnect test method and a built-in test circuit are proposed to detect and locate open defects in a 3D stacked IC made of dies, in which ESD protection circuits are not embedded. The test method is based on quiescent supply current that is made flow through the interconnect to be tested only in the tests. Feasibility of the tests is evaluated by Spice simulation. The simulation results show that open defects in a 3D stacked IC not embedding ESD protection circuits are detected by the test method, like in the tests of ICs embedding ESD protection circuits.
Segmentation-by-classification system based on factor analysis

This paper proposes a novel audio segmentation-by-classification system based on Factor Analysis (FA) with a channel compensation matrix for each class and scoring the fixed-length segments as the log-likelihood ratio between class/no-class. The scores are smoothed and the most probable sequence is computed with a Viterbi algorithm. The system described here is designed to segment and classify the audio files coming from broadcast programs into five different classes: speech (SP), speech with noise (SN), speech with music (SM), music (MU) or others (OT). This task was proposed in the Albayzin 2010 evaluation campaign. The system is compared with the winning system of the evaluation achieving lower error rate in SP and SN. These classes represent 3/4 of the total amount of the data. Therefore, the FA segmentation system gets a reduction in the average segmentation error rate.