Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bounds among $f$-divergences

This paper develops methods to obtain bounds on an $f$-divergence based on one or several other $f$-divergences, dealing with pairs of probability measures defined on arbitrary alphabets. Functional domination is one such approach, where special emphasis is placed on finding the best possible constant upper bounding a ratio of $f$-divergences. Another approach used for the derivation of bounds among $f$-divergences relies on moment inequalities and the logarithmic-convexity property, which is studied in this paper to obtain tight bounds on the relative entropy and Bhattacharyya distance in terms of $\chi^2$ divergences. A rich variety of bounds are shown to hold under boundedness assumptions on the relative information. Special attention is on the total variation distance and its relation to the relative information and relative entropy, including "reverse Pinsker inequalities," as well as on the $E_\gamma$ divergence, which generalizes the total variation distance. Pinsker's inequality is extended for this type of $f$-divergence, a result which leads to an inequality that links the relative entropy and relative information spectrum. Integral expressions of the R\'enyi divergence in terms of the relative information spectrum are derived, leading to bounds on the R\'enyi divergence in terms of either the variational distance or relative entropy.
Hybrid cache invalidation schemes in mobile environments

To make cached data consistent, the server periodically broadcasts an invalidation report to all mobile clients in its cell so that each can invalidate obsolete data items from its local cache. We present two hybrid cache invalidation schemes: Hybrid cache invalidation with simple broadcasting (HSB), and hybrid cache invalidation with attribute bit sequence broadcasting (HABSB). In these schemes the server is stateful as it stores the caching information of each mobile client in its cell to allow for long disconnections. However, the server periodically broadcasts an invalidation report similar to a stateless server. In HABSB, attribute bit sequences are added in each broadcasted invalidation report to maximize the cache-hit ratio and to reduce the data transmission of queried data items. The simulation results show that HSB and HABSB can significantly reduce the bandwidth requirement, and HABSB is very efficient in improving mobile caching.
MASSAlign: Alignment and Annotation of Comparable Documents

We introduce MASSAlign: a Python library for the alignment and annotation of monolingual comparable documents. MASSAlign offers easy-to-use access to state of the art algorithms for paragraph and sentence-level alignment, as well as novel algorithms for word-level annotation of transformation operations between aligned sentences. In addition, MASSAlign provides a visualization module to display and analyze the alignments and annotations performed.
The ASTRAL Compendium in 2004

The ASTRAL Compendium provides several databases and tools to aid in the analysis of protein structures, particularly through the use of their sequences. Partially derived from the SCOP database of protein structure domains, it includes sequences for each domain and other resources useful for studying these sequences and domain structures. The current release of ASTRAL contains 54,745 domains, more than three times as many as the initial release 4 years ago. ASTRAL has undergone major transformations in the past 2 years. In addition to several complete updates each year, ASTRAL is now updated on a weekly basis with preliminary classifications of domains from newly released PDB structures. These classifications are available as a stand-alone database, as well as integrated into other ASTRAL databases such as representative subsets. To enhance the utility of ASTRAL to structural biologists, all SCOP domains are now made available as PDB-style coordinate files as well as sequences. In addition to sequences and representative subsets based on SCOP domains, sequences and subsets based on PDB chains are newly included in ASTRAL. Several search tools have been added to ASTRAL to facilitate retrieval of data by individual users and automated methods. ASTRAL may be accessed at http://astral.stanford. edu/.
Optimal investment planning for distributed generation in a competitive electricity market

This paper proposes a new heuristic approach for distributed generation (DG) capacity investment planning from the perspective of a distribution company (disco). Optimal sizing and siting decisions for DG capacity is obtained through a cost-benefit analysis approach based on a new optimization model. The model aims to minimize the disco's investment and operating costs as well as payment toward loss compensation. Bus-wise cost-benefit analysis is carried out on an hourly basis for different forecasted peak demand and market price scenarios. This approach arrives at the optimal feasible DG capacity investment plan under competitive electricity market auction as well as fixed bilateral contract scenarios. The proposed heuristic method helps alleviate the use of binary variables in the optimization model thus easing the computational burden substantially.
Stereotyped behavior of autistic children with lower IQ level in HRI with a humanoid robot

Robots present immense potential as adjunct therapeutic tool, particularly for children with autism. Autism is a developmental disability normally detected within the first 3 years of life, characterized by the differing degrees of impairments in stereotyped behavior, social interaction and communication. This paper highlights our findings in a pilot study where children with autism were exposed to a humanoid robot. The simple modules of interaction were designed based on the human-robot interaction (HRI) approach. Six children who participated were identified with lower IQ classification. Child-robot interaction session and the children's interaction behavior in class (without robot) were recorded. A behavior score sheet referenced to GARS-2 was used to evaluate the videos in both set-ups. Initial responses of the children were analyzed specifically in the deficit area of stereotyped behavior. Overall results show that 5 out of the 6 children responded well in child-robot interaction. Comparison with in-class interaction portrays reduced percentage in stereotyped behavior during the child-robot interaction. However, strong proof to link the children's responses with their IQ levels need to be supported with larger samples of children in the future.
High Quality Word Lists as a Resource for Multiple Purposes

Since 2011 the comprehensive, electronically available sources of the Leipzig Corpora Collection have been used consistently for the compilation of high quality word lists. The underlying corpora include newspaper texts, Wikipedia articles and other randomly collected Web texts. For many of the languages featured in this collection, it is the first comprehensive compilation to use a large-scale empirical base. The word lists have been used to compile dictionaries with comparable frequency data in the Frequency Dictionaries series. This includes frequency data of up to 1,000,000 word forms presented in alphabetical order. This article provides an introductory description of the data and the methodological approach used. In addition, language-specific statistical information is provided with regard to letters, word structure and structural changes. Such high quality word lists also provide the opportunity to explore comparative linguistic topics and such monolingual issues as studies of word formation and frequency-based examinations of lexical areas for use in dictionaries or language teaching. The results presented here can provide initial suggestions for subsequent work in several areas of research.
Corporate universities: a catalyst for strategic human resource development?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the extent to which the concept of the corporate university is emerging as a simple re‐labelling of the functional training area or a key strategic platform in developing organisational competitive advantage.Design/methodology/approach – A case study approach was taken to provide an in‐depth understanding of the development of a corporate university. Interviews with key informants and background/archival information was used to explore the focus of the corporate university. A typology developed by Taylor and Paton in 2001, was used to analyse the role and integration of the corporate university within the case study organisation.Findings – The research indicates that the development of the corporate university within the case study organisation has focused resources to strategically develop their human capital and is clearly linked to the strategic objectives of the organisation to enhance competitive advantage.Research limitations/implications – The rese.
Underdiversification of Owner-Managers-Required Returns and Incentive Effects

Owner-managers of private companies are often highly underdiversified. We investigate the consequences of underdiversification at the company level. There is a strong positive relationship between underdiversification, measured as the share of personal net worth invested in the company, and profitability, measured as the return on equity. The analysis identifies two causes for this underdiversification effect: higher required returns and higher effort. The underdiversification effect is smaller for richer ownermanagers, which is consistent with decreasing relative risk aversion. JEL classification: G32, G11
Practical considerations in using inverse dynamics on a humanoid robot: Torque tracking, sensor fusion and Cartesian control laws

Although considering dynamics in the control of humanoid robots can improve tracking and compliance in agile tasks, it requires local and global states of the system, precise torque control and proper modeling. In this paper we discuss practical issues to implement inverse dynamics on a torque controlled robot. By modeling electrical actuators offline, inverting such model and estimating the friction on-line, a high bandwidth torque controller is implemented. In addition, a cascade of optimization problems to fuse all the sensory data coming from IMU, joint encoders and contact force sensors estimate the robot's global state robustly. Our estimation builds the kinematic chain of the legs from the center of pressure which is more robust in case of slight slippage, tilting or rolling of the feet. Thanks to precise and fast torque control, robust state estimation and optimization-based whole body inverse dynamics, the real robot can keep balance with very small stiffness and damping in Cartesian space. It can also recover from strong pushes and perform dexterous tasks. The highly compliant and stable performance is based on pure torque control, without any joint damping or position/velocity tracking.
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) or Center Hemodialysis? Retrospective Evaluation of the Success of Both Methods

In a retrospective study, the authors analysed the dialysis-technique success rate in 276 chronic renal patients. Of these, 137 patients have been treated with in center hemodialysis (CHD) from 1972 to 1989 and 139 with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) from 1978 to 1989. The six-year technique success rate was 28% in CAPD and 31% in CHD (statistically not significantly different). Various risk factors influence the technique-success rate of both methods in the same way. The results suggest that in our center CAPD is as effective as CHD in the treatment of patients with endstage renal failure.
Positional mapping of PRKD1, NRP1 and PRDM1 as novel candidate disease genes in truncus arteriosus

Background Truncus arteriosus (TA) is characterised by failure of septation of the outflow tract into aortic and pulmonary trunks and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Although ranked among the least common congenital heart defects, TA provides an excellent model for the role of individual genes in cardiac morphogenesis as exemplified by TBX1 deficiency caused by point mutations or, more commonly, hemizygosity as part of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. The latter genetic lesion, however, is only observed in a proportion of patients with TA, which suggests the presence of additional disease genes. Objective To identify novel genes that cause Mendelian forms of TA. Methods and results We exploited the occurrence of monogenic forms of TA in the Saudi population, which is characterised by high consanguinity, a feature conducive to the occurrence of Mendelian phenocopies of complex phenotypes as we and others have shown. Indeed, we demonstrate in two multiplex consanguineous families that we are able to map TA to regions of autozygosity in which whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous truncating mutations in PRKD1 (encoding a kinase derepressor of MAF2) and NRP1 (encoding a coreceptor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA)). Previous work has demonstrated that Prkd1−/− is embryonic lethal and that its tissue-specific deletion results in abnormal heart remodelling, whereas Nrp1−/− develops TA. Surprisingly, molecular karyotyping to exclude 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in the replication cohort of 17 simplex TA cases revealed a de novo hemizygous deletion that encompasses PRDM1, deficiency of which also results in TA phenotype in mouse. Conclusions Our results expand the repertoire of molecular lesions in chromatin remodelling and transcription factors that are implicated in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease in humans and attest to the power of monogenic forms of congenital heart diseases as a complementary approach to dissect the genetics of these complex phenotypes.
Collaborative research and sustainable agricultural innovation: the role of non-absorptive intermediary actors. The case of industrial hemp and flax sectors in France.

Industrial hemp and flax have many uses (paper for hemp, textile for flax, but also fibre incorporation in biocomposites or lime blocks). They are facing great technological expectations with the "Green Future" objectives, both because of sustainable end-uses of hemp and flax and because of their respective sustainable cropping properties. With more than 8000 ha of hemp and 80 000 ha of flax cultivated, France is the biggest European producer. Innovation and hemp valorization is not really taking off (Garnier, Barbier et al., 2007). In order to understand this paradox, this communication proposes to establish a diagnosis, crossing a geographical account and a sociological account of facilities and relationships of innovation based on industrial hemp and flax fibres. From an empirical study on innovation in natural fibres valorization, it aims to stimulate discussion on the specific research approaches for sustainable innovation in agriculture. Among many issues triggered by the technical promise of sustainable innovation, we acknowledge for a lack of specific intermediaries (Howells, 2006) to set up organizational forms and combinative capabilities (Kogut and Zander, 1992) for innovative design. Based on interpretative analysis of the observed dynamics in socio-economic order of Natural Fibres Transformation (Aggeri and Hatchuel, 2003), our communication proposes a scientific discussion of --organizational innovation processes, contrasting with Cohen and Levinthal (1990). This type of actors seems to represent the missing link to entrepreneurships in new configurations of sustainable development.
Frontal-Subcortical Volumetric Deficits in Single Episode, Medication-Naïve Depressed Patients and the Effects of 8 Weeks Fluoxetine Treatment: A VBM-DARTEL Study

Background Convergent studies suggest that morphological abnormalities of frontal-subcortical circuits which involved with emotional and cognitive processing may contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Antidepressant treatment which has been reported to reverse the functional abnormalities of frontal-subcortical circuits in MDD may have treating effects to related brain morphological abnormalities. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry method to investigate whole brain structural abnormalities in single episode, medication-naïve MDD patients. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of an 8 weeks pharmacotherapy with fluoxetine. Methods 28 single episode, medication-naïve MDD participants and 28 healthy controls (HC) acquired the baseline high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) scan. 24 MDD participants acquired a follow-up sMRI scan after 8 weeks antidepressant treatment. Gray matter volumetric (GMV) difference between groups was examined. Results Medication-naïve MDD had significantly decreased GMV in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left middle frontal gyrus as well as increased GMV in the left thalamus and right insula compared to HC (P<0.05, corrected). Moreover, treated MDD had significantly increased GMV in the left middle frontal gyrus and right orbitofrontal cortex compared to HC (P<0.05, corrected). No difference on GMV was detected between medication-naïve MDD group and treated MDD group. Conclusions This study of single episode, medication-naïve MDD subjects demonstrated structural abnormalities of frontal-subcortical circuitsin the early stage of MDD and the effects of 8 weeks successful antidepressant treatment, suggesting these abnormalities may play an important role in the neuropathophysiology of MDD at its onset.
A Developmental Switch in the Response of DRG Neurons to ETS Transcription Factor Signaling

Two ETS transcription factors of the Pea3 subfamily are induced in subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory and spinal motor neurons by target-derived factors. Their expression controls late aspects of neuronal differentiation such as target invasion and branching. Here, we show that the late onset of ETS gene expression is an essential requirement for normal sensory neuron differentiation. We provide genetic evidence in the mouse that precocious ETS expression in DRG sensory neurons perturbs axonal projections, the acquisition of terminal differentiation markers, and their dependence on neurotrophic support. Together, our findings indicate that DRG sensory neurons exhibit a temporal developmental switch that can be revealed by distinct responses to ETS transcription factor signaling at sequential steps of neuronal maturation.
Differential impact of affective and cognitive attributes on preference under deliberation and distraction

Two experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that affective information looms relatively larger than cognitive information when individuals are distracted for a period of time compared to when they engage in deliberative thinking. In two studies, participants were presented with information about 4 decision alternatives: An affective alternative that scored high on affective attributes but low on cognitive attributes, a cognitive alternative with the opposite trade-off, and two fillers. They were then asked to indicate their attitudes toward each of four decision alternatives either immediately, after a period of deliberation, or after a period of distraction. The results of both experiments demonstrated that participants significantly preferred the affective alternative to the cognitive alternative after distraction, but not after deliberation. The implications for understanding when and how unconscious thought may lead to better decisions are being discussed.
Debug Determinism: The Sweet Spot for Replay-Based Debugging

Deterministic replay tools offer a compelling approach to debugging hard-to-reproduce bugs. Recent work on relaxed-deterministic replay techniques shows that replay debugging with low in-production overhead is possible. However, despite considerable progress, a replay-debugging system that offers not only low in-production runtime overhead but also high debugging utility, remains out of reach. To this end, we argue that the research community should strive for debug determinism-- a new determinism model premised on the idea that effective debugging entails reproducing the same failure and the same root cause as the original execution. We present ideas on how to achieve and quantify debug determinism and give preliminary evidence that a debug-deterministic system has potential to provide both low in-production overhead and high debugging utility.
Hierarchical cluster language modeling with statistical rule extraction for rescoring n-best hypotheses during speech decoding

We propose an unsupervised learning algorithm that learns hierarchical patterns of word sequences in spoken language utterances. It extracts cluster rules from training data based on high n-gram probabilities to cluster words or segment a sentence. Cluster trees, similar to parse trees, are constructed from the learned cluster rules. Through hierarchical clustering we are adding grammatical structure onto the traditional trigram language model. The learned cluster rules are used to improve the n-best utterance hypothesis list which is output by the Sphinx III speech recognizer. Our hierarchical cluster language model is used to rescore and filter these n-best utterance hypotheses. It assigns confidence scores to segments of hypotheses that can be clustered hierarchically with the learned cluster rules. Rescoring the original n-best hypothesis list, which is based on acoustic and trigram language model scores, with our hierarchical cluster language model results in a set of hypotheses with lower word error rate. Our cluster language model was trained on TREC broadcast news data from 1995 and 1996, and tested on the HUB-4 ‘97 development test broadcast news data. Compared to manually created grammar rules, the cluster trees more accurately reflect the speech data since their cluster rules are automatically learned based on empirical n-gram probabilities from the training data, whereas manually written grammar rules can introduce human bias, and are expensive to develop. Prior symbolic knowledge in the form of rules can also be incorporated by simply applying the rules to the training data before the earliest applicable learning iteration. Our algorithm is also able to learn clusters reflecting various styles of data: whether the language is formal, strictly grammatical or loose conversational speech.
Application of data mining techniques in resources evaluation

Due to the complexity of geoscientific data, such as geochemical data, geophysical data and digital remote sensing data, traditional data mining methods, such as cluster analysis and association analysis, have limitations in resources evaluation. In this paper, a clustering algorithm is presented which has the ability to handle clusters of arbitrary shapes, sizes and densities. For association analysis, quantitative association rules aims to deal with the relationships among continuous attributes of geoscientific data objects in resources evaluation. An association analysis algorithm based on the distances between clusters projected on attributes is presented. Applications indicate that the algorithms are effective in real world applications.