Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relative positioning method for near-field beam spot array with optical microscope image of lithographic patterns using linear regression

A method for simply analyzing the relation between spot positions of near-field beam sources with micrometer pitch is proposed using an optical microscope. Based on the locations of spots in an optical microscopy image of lithographic patterns, the effective relative position is derived using simple linear regression. Numerical analysis is performed to introduce the concept and to evaluate the methodology with random noise. The accuracy and uncertainty of the proposed method are discussed. To confirm the method’s feasibility, the experiments are conducted using fabricated probe array, and the experimental and numerical results are compared on the basis of uncertainty. An arbitrary pattern is recorded with respect to relative coordinates obtained based on the effective positions. We suggest a simple strategy for controlling beam spot array locations for pattern design in near-field lithography with less than 5-nm uncertainty.
Locating a Mechanical Disturbance Source in a Superconducting Coil Using Pickup Coils on a Diaphragm

In this paper, we report a new method using pickup coils on a diaphragm to locate a mechanical disturbance source in a superconducting coil. Pickup coils with a twisted pair cable have a lower heat penetration compared to acoustic emission (AE) sensors with a coaxial cable. Vibrations of the diaphragm, which are caused by an acoustic pressure wave from a mechanical disturbance source, vibrate the pickup coil in an inhomogeneous magnetic field and generate signals in the pickup coils as inductive voltages. We have applied pickup coils to locate the azimuthal position of mechanical disturbance sources, which induce superconducting magnet quenching. The azimuth position of the mechanical disturbance sources have been located by measuring the time differences of the acoustic wave arrival at each pickup coil. The results using the pickup coils and AE sensors agreed in the angular range below 38°. The measurement error of this method was caused mainly by the detection time lag due to the acoustic wave damping in the coil windings.
A continuous fusion authentication for Android based on keystroke dynamics and touch gesture

As one of the most popular smartphone operating system nowadays, Android is used for various needs start from casual purpose such as games up to critical aims like banking. To avoid any access by impostor (unauthorized parties), the use of authentication system is a must. Android provides basic authentication system based on screen-lock using PIN, password, or pattern. However all those ways have several vulnerabilities, i.e: 1) leak or transfered key access, 2) only supports full binary authentication, and 3) no re-authentication nor revocation. This research aims at developing continuous behavioral authentication as a solution for those vulnerabilities. Our solution uses authentication score, not just a binary authentication. The score is constructed using fusion approach combining two modalities i.e. keystroke dynamics (typing behavior) and touch gesture (tap, swipe, and pinch behavior). Each of those authentication model is built using two-class machine learning classification. This authentication system is designed to run continuously on Android background, so it is possible to change authorization or make a revocation anytime needed. This proposed solution has been implemented as a prototype on a testing application. There are some tests have been held, first is modality experiment to find the best classifier each modality, second is continuous fusion authentication test, third is performance test. The result shows that our proposed fusion authentication get more accurate than if the modalities work respectively. Based on the continuous and live authentication testing on Android device, best fusion method is mean Olympic with a threshold 0.81 that makes the FAR and FRR equal in 0.26.
Embedded implementation of brain computer interface using FPGA

Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity of brain function could provide a new non-muscular channel for giving messages and commands to the external world is known as brain computer interface (BCI). In a BCI system, humans can control many devices by using his or her imaginations. Today with the provision of affordable electronic systems and powerful processing tools has eased the bio-signal processing much easier. These factors presently opened up the hope of developing a system that permits restoration of person's capabilities with severe motor disorders and makes their life much easier. This work aims to develop a new embedded system that can be used for controlling electrical devices using EEG signals. The main objective of the system under development is to extract the thinking actions and to translate into electrical commands. The input EEG signals are filtered using EEG filter block, essential features are extracted from it, and to activate the corresponding activity that is meant by the patient. The proposed system is developed using Verilog and has been implemented on SPARTAN 6 FPGA Board.
Injections of osteoprotegerin and PMA delay tooth eruption

Tooth eruption requires alveolar bone resorption that is regulated by the dental follicle. This is reflected by the fact that failures of eruption often can be traced to either osteoclast deficiencies or to dental follicle abnormalities. To achieve maximal osteoclastogenesis and subsequent alveolar bone resorption for eruption, we have hypothesized that a reduction in gene expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the follicle of the first mandibular molar of the rat at Day 3 is needed. To determine if OPG affects eruption, postnatal rats were injected with varying concentrations of OPG from Days 1–9 postnatally. Such studies indicated that the eruption time of the first mandibular molar was significantly delayed by 1 day or more as a result of OPG injection. Injection of phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC) that in turn upregulates OPG expression, also delayed eruption by 1 day. PMA was only injected from Days 1–4 such that PKC‐α would be increased and activated. Previous studies had shown that PKC‐α gene expression is downregulated at the time (Day 3) that OPG expression is downregulated. In this study, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques to examine OPG gene expression showed that PMA injection increased OPG gene expression in the dental follicle at Day 3 as compared to the controls. Thus, either injecting OPG or enhancing its expression in the follicle at Day 3 by injecting PMA delays the time of tooth eruption. Consequently, regulation of OPG production by the dental follicle likely affects the alveolar bone resorption needed for tooth eruption. Clin. Anat. 19:19–24, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer: adjuvant systemic therapy for node-positive breast cancer (summary of the 2001 update). The Steering Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care and Treatment of Breast Cancer.

© 2001 Canadian Medical Association or its licensors This article provides a summary of changes made by Health Canada’s Steering Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care and Treatment of Breast Cancer to the article “Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer: 8. Adjuvant systemic therapy for women with node-positive breast cancer,” originally published in 1998 (the 2001 update can be found online at www.cma.ca/cmaj/vol-164/issue-5/breastcpg /guideline8rev.htm). There have been some significant changes to this guideline based on data from the recent meta-analysis of the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group and from individual randomized trials. The updated guideline contains revised recommendations regarding the types of chemotherapy regimens to use in premenopausal women, the use of tamoxifen in premenopausal women who refuse chemotherapy and the use of tamoxifen in women over 70 years of age (Table 1). The Steering Committee’s original guideline had recommended either doxorubicin (Adriamycin) plus cyclophosphamide (AC) chemotherapy or cyclophosphamide, Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer: adjuvant systemic therapy for nodepositive breast cancer (summary of the 2001 update)
N-Desmethyldauricine Induces Autophagic Cell Death in Apoptosis-Defective Cells via Ca2+ Mobilization

Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy remains a significant problem in oncology. Mechanisms regulating programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy or necrosis, in the treatment of cancers have been extensively investigated over the last few decades. Autophagy is now emerging as an important pathway in regulating cell death or survival in cancer therapy. Recent studies demonstrated variety of natural small-molecules could induce autophagic cell death in apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, therefore, discovery of novel autophagic enhancers from natural products could be a promising strategy for treatment of chemotherapy-resistant cancer. By computational virtual docking analysis, biochemical assays, and advanced live-cell imaging techniques, we have identified N-desmethyldauricine (LP-4), isolated from rhizoma of Menispermum dauricum DC as a novel inducer of autophagy. LP-4 was shown to induce autophagy via the Ulk-1-PERK and Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)-AMPK-mTOR signaling cascades, via mobilizing calcium release through inhibition of SERCA, and importantly, lead to autophagic cell death in a panel of cancer cells, apoptosis-defective and apoptosis-resistant cells. Taken together, this study provides detailed insights into the cytotoxic mechanism of a novel autophagic compound that targeting the apoptosis resistant cancer cells, and new implication on drug discovery from natural products for drug resistant cancer therapy.
Expression of cytokeratin mRNAs in normal human esophageal epithelium

Background: The cytokeratin (CK) pattern is accepted to be characteristic of a given epithelial cell or tissue. Specific changes in the CK pattern or in the expression of individual CKs may be characteristic in the early development of particular epithelial pathologies. Up to now no systematic hybridohistochemical study on the expression of CKs in normal human esophageal epithelium has been performed. Nevertheless, this knowledge may be of great importance for further research concerning the understanding of the structure and differentiation of normal esophageal epithelium and of the development of non‐neoplastic and neoplastic esophageal malignancies. Therefore, we investigated the expression and distribution of nine different CK mRNAs throughout the normal human esophageal mucosa.
Activity of dorsal raphe cells across the sleep–waking cycle and during cataplexy in narcoleptic dogs

Cataplexy, a symptom associated with narcolepsy, represents a unique dissociation of behavioural states. During cataplectic attacks, awareness of the environment is maintained, as in waking, but muscle tone is lost, as in REM sleep. We have previously reported that, in the narcoleptic dog, noradrenergic cells of the locus coeruleus cease discharge during cataplexy. In the current study, we report on the activity of serotonergic cells of the dorsal raphe nucleus. The discharge patterns of serotonergic dorsal raphe cells across sleep–waking states did not differ from those of dorsal raphe and locus coeruleus cells recorded in normal rats, cats and monkeys, with tonic discharge in waking, reduced activity in non‐REM sleep and cessation of activity in REM sleep. However, in contrast with locus coeruleus cells, dorsal raphe REM sleep‐off neurones did not cease discharge during cataplexy. Instead, discharge continued at a level significantly higher than that seen in REM sleep and comparable to that seen in non‐REM sleep. We also identified several cells in the dorsal raphe whose pattern of activity was the opposite of that of the presumed serotonergic cells. These cells were maximally active in REM sleep and minimally active in waking and increased activity during cataplexy. The difference between noradrenergic and serotonergic cell discharge profiles in cataplexy suggests different roles for these cell groups in the normal regulation of environmental awareness and muscle tone and in the pathophysiology of narcolepsy.
Benzene and total hydrocarbon exposures in the upstream petroleum oil and gas industry.

Occupational exposures to benzene and total hydrocarbons (THC) in the Canadian upstream petroleum industry are described in this article. A total of 1547 air samples taken by 5 oil companies in various sectors (i.e., conventional oil/gas, conventional gas, heavy oil processing, drilling and pipelines) were evaluated and summarized. The data includes personal long- and short-term samples and area long-term samples. The percentage of samples over the occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 3.2 mg/m3 or one part per million for benzene, for personal long-term samples ranges from 0 to 0.7% in the different sectors, and area long-term samples range from 0 to 13%. For short-term personal samples, the exceedance for benzene is at 5% with respect to the OEL of 16 mg/m3 or five parts per million in the conventional gas sector and none in the remaining sectors. THC levels were not available for all sectors and had limited data points in others. The percentage exceedance of the OEL of 280 mg/m3 or 100 parts per million for THC as gasoline ranged from 0 to 2.6% for personal long-term samples. It is recommended that certain operations such as glycol dehydrators be carefully monitored and that a task-based monitoring program be included along with the traditional long- and short-term personal exposure sampling.
Differences in Anthropometry, Biological Age and Physical Fitness Between Young Elite Kayakers and Canoeists

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric and physical characteristics of youth elite paddlers and to identify the differences between kayakers and canoeists. A total of 171 male paddlers (eighty-nine kayakers and eighty-two canoeists), aged 13.69 ± 0.57 years (mean ± SD) volunteered to participate in this study. The participants completed basic anthropometric assessments (body mass, stretch stature, sitting height, body mass index, maturity level, sum of 6 skinfolds and fat mass percentage) as well as a battery of physical fitness tests (overhead medicine ball throw, counter movement jump, sit-and-reach and 20 m multi-stage shuttle run tests). The anthropometric results revealed a significantly larger body size (stretch stature and sitting height) and body mass in the kayakers (p < 0.01) as well as a more mature biological status (p = 0.003). The physical fitness level exhibited by the kayakers was likewise significantly greater than that of the canoeists, both in the counter movement jump and estimated VO2max (p < 0.05), as well as in the overhead medicine ball throw and sit-and-reach test (p < 0.01). These findings confirm the more robust and mature profile of youth kayakers that might be associated with the superior fitness level observed and the specific requirements of this sport discipline.
Recapitulation of Candidate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Associated Variants in Koreans

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems. Although the etiology of SLE remains unclear, it is widely accepted that genetic factors could be involved in its pathogenesis. A number of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the risk of SLE in diverse populations. However, not all the SNP candidates identified from non-Asian populations have been validated in Koreans. In this study, we aimed to replicate the SNPs that were recently discovered in the GWAS; these SNPs have not been validated in Koreans or have only been replicated in Koreans with an insufficient sample size to conclude any association. For this, we selected five SNPs (rs1801274 in FCGR2A and rs2286672 in PLD2, rs887369 in CXorf21, rs9782955 in LYST, and rs3794060 in NADSYN1). Through the replication study with 656 cases and 622 controls, rs1801274 in FCGR2A was found to be significantly associated with SLE in Koreans (odds ratio, 1.26, 95% confidence interval, 1.06 to 1.50; p = 0.01 in allelic model). This association was also significant in two other models (dominant and recessive). The other four SNPs did not show a significant association. Our data support that FCGR polymorphisms play important roles in the susceptibility to SLE in diverse populations, including Koreans.
Food-Related Environmental, Behavioral, and Personal Factors Associated with Body Mass Index among Urban, Low-Income African-American, American Indian, and Caucasian Women

Purpose. To examine racial/ethnic differences in relationships between food-related environmental, behavioral and personal factors and low-income women's weight status using Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as a framework. Design. Cross-sectional survey. Setting. Community sites and low-income housing developments in the Twin Cities metropolitan area. Subjects. Low-income African-American, American Indian, and Caucasian women ≥ 18 years old (n = 367). Measures. Participants completed a survey including demographic, food security, and theoretically based questions. Heights and weights were measured to determine body mass index (BAI). Analysis. Data were split by race/ethnicity and reduced by examining Pearson coefficients for SCT survey questions significantly correlated with BMI (p < .05). Separate environmental, behavioral, and personal multiple linear regression models for each racial/ethnic group were run to explore the proportion of variance in BMI explained by each SCT construct and which questions were significant predictors. Results. All regression models were statistically significant, although the personal regression models predicted the greatest proportion of the variance in BMI for African-American (15% of the variance), American Indian (22% of the variance), and Caucasian women (37% of the variance). Conclusion. Effective nutrition education and intervention efforts to control the obesity epidemic among urban, low-income women may call for a tailored approach with noted consideration of their racial/ethnic identity. Although broader changes to the food environment are necessary, the importance of addressing personal factors such as nutrition knowledge, self-efficacy, and emotional coping responses to stress, in the context of income constraints, food insecurity, and health beliefs, is also implicated.
SIFT-SURF commutation using fuzzy logic to image mosaicking

An alternative is presented to create an image mosaic commuting between the features extraction SIFT (Scale Invariant Features) and SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features) algorithms. Due to the ambiguity in detail classification and switching between these algorithms, it is proposed to use a pre-processing stage and a fuzzy logic system for the feature extraction. Image register presents the intensity level assignation process in the pixels that are equal in the overlapping images. The following proposal is evaluated in a quantitative matter via the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) factors, achieving better results.
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)

MBSR is designed to cultivate our ability to tap into internal wisdom, wholeness, and healing. Participants will practice mindfulness in a variety of forms, bringing non-judgmental attention to thoughts, feelings, and emotions. The class involves experiential learning and open dialogue around individual experiences. MBSR was originally developed by Dr. Jon Kabat-Zinn at UMASS Medical School as a program supporting overall mind-body health and wellbeing. The class involves a brief orientation via phone or email conversation with the instructor, 8 weeks of class for 2.5 hours each, a day-long retreat, and weekly home practice activities. INSTRUCTOR: Kara Traikoff has been a part of the DU community for 10 years. She teaches undergraduate Wellness courses and leads weekly guided meditations for the Employee Wellness Program. Kara is a mindfulness instructor and coach trained through the Center for Mindfulness at UMASS Medical School. She teaches from the heart of her dedicated personal practice and is passionate about encouraging others to experience and live the fullest life. COST: $50.00. We are accepting checks as payment for this event. Please bring a check (written to the University of Denver) to class on the first day. REQUIRED: Yoga Mat SUGGESTED: Meditation Cushion (Chairs will be provided)
A new process and organism for the fermentation production of volonomycin.

Volonomycin (U-43120, AT-111, NSC-163500) is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces paulus, UC® 5231 (NRRL 8115) which is active vs. P-388 leukemia tested in mice'-',3>. The physical characteristics and composition of volonomycin indicate that it is a member of a family of antibiotics containing proceomycin and the senfolomycins A and B'>. Recently, this agent produced by S. paulus, UC® 5142 (NRRL 12251) was found to be composed of at least two components designated as volonomycins A and B'>, and to be active as an in vitro inhibitor of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other Grampositive bacteria','). Strain UC® 5142 is a wild type organism isolated independently of strain UC® 5231. Volonomycin is also active vs. Streptococcus pyogenes (CD50=2.7 mg/kg) and S. aureus (CD,O =2.6 mg/kg) when tested subcutaneously using mice'-'). In addition, volonomycin is not toxic when tested in this manner at 250 mg/kg5>. Fermentation Conditions Streptomyces paulus is stored and maintained on sterile soils in the culture collection of The Upjohn Company. The S. paulus containing soils were introduced into a seed medium termed GS-7 which contained Pharmamedia (Traders Oil Mill Co.) and Cerelose (C. P. C. International) each added at 25 g/liter of tap H;O. The pH of GS-7 was adjusted to 7.2 before sterilization using NH,OH and the medium was sterilized by autoclaving for 30 minutes. The inoculated 100 ml volumes of GS-7 were shaken at 250 rpm in wide-mouth 500 ml fermentation flasks for 48 hours at 28°C. The mature seed cultures were used as the source of inoculum (5 % v/v) for production media designated as I and 2. Medium 1 contained Cerelose, 10 g; Pharmamedia, 10 g; dextrin, (C. P. C. International), 20 g; brewer's yeast (Fleischmann Co.), 1 g; and the antifoam agent Ucon (Union Carbide), 10 g added per liter of tap H2O. After formulation the pH adjustment and sterilization of medium 1 were performed as with GS-7. The composition of medium 2 has been reported'). Strcptomycc.s paulus was subsequently grown for 4-6 days in these production media in the manner described for GS-7. Production of Volonomycin The biosynthesis of volonomycin was monitored through its inhibition of growth of Micrococcus luteus, ATCC 9341 using a disc-agar plate assay. The isolation of the anti-M. luteus activity produced by S. paulus strains UC > 5142 and UC'? 5231, as well as its characterization as volonomycin have been reported',". The superior production of volonomycin by strain UC® 5142 is shown in Table 1. One biounit of anti-M. luteus activity is the amount of volonomycin required to produce a zone of growth inhibition of 20 mm when applied to a 12.7 mm paper disc (Schleicher and Schuell No. 740-E). Using this