Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formal Verification of a Component Platform

The function of software used to be calculation; mechanising what was previously done by hand. Now it runs our communication networks, mass transportation and medical support. Yet we still build large software systems as if they were small, easily comprehensible tools. The right to manage our safety and security should not be handed over lightly. When a program has the ability to compromise our security or injure us, we should demand evidence of its correctness. Formal software verification has demonstrated how to reliably and repeatedly build safe and secure high-assurance systems, to a standard not achievable using other techniques. Yet it remains underused due to perceptions that it is expensive and time intensive to apply. In this thesis we demonstrate how to scale formal software verification beyond its current limits using component-based software engineering. By leveraging the strong isolation boundaries made possible by the CAmkES component platform operating on the seL4 microkernel, we decompose system verification along lines that correspond to the system architecture. The parallels between proof obligations and system architecture aid the designer’s intuition and allow easing verification challenges through architectural refactoring. To uphold the engineering abstraction that a component platform provides, we demonstrate a fully automated process for verifying functional correctness of platformgenerated code and the correct initialisation of a CAmkES system. The system designer no longer needs to trust that the platform’s mechanisms do what they claim, as is the case with other existing component platforms. We also fully automate the production of an access control policy for a component-based system, allowing the designer to move seamlessly from architecture layout to security analysis, with knowledge that our verification guarantees a faithful translation. The techniques in this thesis represent novel contributions to the fields of componentbased software and formal verification. To our knowledge, they provide the most trustworthy development environment for high-assurance, componentised software systems in existence today. By extending the power and scope of formal verification, we lower the cost of its application and enable the development of safer and more secure software.
Resource allocation strategies for constructive in-network stream processing

We consider the operator mapping problem for in-network stream processing, i.e., the application of a tree of operators in steady-state to multiple data objects that are continuously updated at various locations in a network. Examples of in-network stream processing include the processing of data in a sensor network, or of continuous queries on distributed relational databases. Our aim is to provide the user a set of processors that should be bought or rented in order to ensure that the application achieves a minimum steady-state throughput, and with the objective of minimizing platform cost. We prove that even the simplest variant of the problem is NP-hard, and we design several polynomial time heuristics, which are evaluated via extensive simulations and compared to theoretical bounds.
The Seventh International Conference on the Genetics of Streptococci, Lactococci, and Enterococci

The Seventh International Conference on the Genetics of Streptococci, Lactococci, and Enterococci Robert A. Burne,* Debra E. Bessen, Jeffery R. Broadbent, and Jean-Pierre Claverys Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595; Western Dairy Center and Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; and Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaires, UMR 5100 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
Community structure and evolution analysis of OSN interactions around real-world social phenomena

In recent years, Online Social Networks (OSNs) have been widely adopted by people around the globe as a means of real-time communication and opinion expression. As a result, most real-world events and phenomena are actively discussed online through OSNs such as Twitter and Facebook. However, the scale and variety of such discussions often hampers their objective analysis, e.g. by focusing on specific messages and ignoring the overall picture of a phenomenon. To this end, this paper presents an analysis framework to assist the study of trends, events and interactions performed between online communities. The framework utilizes an adaptive dynamic community detection technique based on the Louvain method to study the evolution, overlap and cross-community dynamics in irregular, dynamically selected graph snapshots. We apply the proposed framework on a Twitter dataset collected by monitoring discussions around tweets containing extreme right political vocabulary, including messages around the Greek Golden Dawn party. The proposed analysis enables the extraction of new insights with respect to influential user accounts, topics of discussion and emerging trends, which could assist the work of journalists, social and political analysis scientists, but also highlights the limitations of existing analysis methods and poses new research questions.
Using program and user information to improve file prediction performance

Correct prediction of file accesses can improve system pe formance by mitigating the relative speed difference between CPU and disks. This paper discusses Program-based Last Successor (PLS) and presents Program- and Userbased Lust Successor (PULS), file prediction algorithms that utilize information about the program and user that access the jles. Our simulation results show that PLS makes 21% fewer incorrect predictions and PULS makes 24% fewer incorrect predictions than last-successor with roughly the same number of correct predictions that lastsuccessor makes. The cache space wasted on incorrectpredictions can be reduced accordingly. We also show that a cache using the Least Recently Used (LRU) caching algorithm can perform better when the PULS is applied. In some cases, a cache using LRU and either PLS or PULS performs better than a cache up to 40 times larger using LRU alone.
Low Complexity Spectral Imputation for Noise Robust Speech Recognition

With the recent push of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) capabilities to mobile devices, the user's voice is now recorded in environments with a potentially high level of background noise. To reduce the sensitivity of ASR performance to these distortions, techniques have been proposed that preprocess the speech waveforms to remove noise effects while preserving discriminative speech information. At the expense of increased complexity, recent algorithms have significantly improved recognition accuracy but remain far from human performance in highly noisy environments. With a concern for both complexity and performance, this thesis investigated ways to reduce the corruptive effect of noise by directly weighting the power-spectrum (SMFpow) or log-spectrum (SMFlog) of speech by a mask whose values are within [0,1] and are indexed on the local relative prominence of speech and noise energy. Additional contributions include a low-complexity approach to mask estimation and the use of spectral flooring for matching the dynamic range of clean and noisy spectra. These two techniques are evaluated on two standard noisy ASR databases: the Aurora-2 connected digits recognition task with 11 words, and the Aurora-4 continuous speech recognition task with 5000 words. On the Aurora-2 task, the SMFlog algorithm leads to state-of-the-art performance, with a limited complexity compared to existing techniques. The pow technique, however, results in many insertions that we attribute to the rather weak language model present in the Aurora-2 setup. On the Aurora-4 task, both algorithms show significant improvements over the un-enhanced baselines. In particular, word-accuracies obtained with pow approach those of a state-of-the-art front-end algorithm, on half of the noise types. Yet, the performances are heavily noise dependent, suggesting that the proposed technique is effective only given a good initial mask estimation. This study confirms the potential of techniques that are based on direct spectrum masking, and proposes a framework for doing so. Future work will need to consider more elaborate mask estimation techniques to further improve on the performance.
The New French Nationality Law

Thread to guide them through the labyrinthine passages of the British Nationality Acts. The "Rose Report" proposed some farreaching changes in the present U.K. citizenship rules 2 and the Home Secretary has instituted a study of the British nationality system with a view to securing its reform.3 In these circumstances English lawyers will regard with particular interest the nationality laws recently introduced elsewhere in Western Europe.4 Foremost among the latter is the French Law of January 9, 1973.5 The new French Law represents an attempt to overhaul, consolidate and simplify the entire Code of French Nationality. The draftsman has taken into account the proposals submitted by a distinguished Commission chaired by Professor Batiffol, but he has
Dissociation in a serial response time task using a recognition measure: comment on Perruchet and Amorim (1992)

Previous studies have shown a dissociation of implicit and explicit knowledge of a repeating sequence in a perceptuomotor skill developed by M.J. Nissen and P. Bullemer (1987). P. Perruchet and M.A. Amorim (1992) raised the concern that the dissociation was an artifact of the cued-recall task used to assess explicit knowledge and reported high correlations between implicit and explicit memory (as assessed by recall and recognition). We report an experiment that addresses their concerns about the explicit test in which we found evidence that supports the dissociation
Acceptance of Sc Scale Statements By Visual Art Students

diverse types (Barron, 1953; Chyatte, 1949; Keston, 1956; Redlo, 1951; Spiaggia, 1950; Sternberg, 1953; Taft, 1961) the most consistently discriminating clinical scale other than Mf (Interest) has been the Sc (Schizophrenia) scale.3 This scale has been found greatly affected by social desirability tendency (Fordyce, 1956). A means of separating the two bases of MMPI item affirmation lies in the use of the forced choice format (Edwards, 1957). Ac-
Bilingual Lexicon Extraction via Pivot Language and Word Alignment Tool

This paper presents a simple and effective method for automatic bilingual lexicon extraction from less-known language pairs. To do this, we bring in a bridge language named the pivot language and adopt information retrieval techniques combined with natural language processing techniques. Moreover, we use a freely available word aligner: Anymalign (Lardilleux et al., 2011) for constructing context vectors. Unlike the previous works, we obtain context vectors via a pivot language. Therefore, we do not require to translate context vectors by using a seed dictionary and improve the accuracy of low frequency word alignments that is weakness of statistical model by using Anymalign. In this paper, experiments have been conducted on two different language pairs that are bi-directional KoreanSpanish and Korean-French, respectively. The experimental results have demonstrated that our method for high-frequency words shows at least 76.3 and up to 87.2% and for the lowfrequency words at least 43.3% and up to 48.9% within the top 20 ranking candidates, respectively.
The effect of personality pathology on treatment outcome for Axis I disorders in dysfunctional clergy

The relationship between Narcissistic, Compulsive, Dependent, and Antisocial personality traits, as measured by the MCMI-III, and the clinical presentation and the treatment outcome for Axis I disorders, as measured by the MMPI-II was investigated. The subjects were 86 Roman Catholic priests and nuns who participated in 6 to 8 months of residential treatment. Pretreatment evaluation of the patients included the MCMI-III and the MMPI-2. Clinical presentation of Axis I disorders was measured by pretreatment scores on MMPI scales 2 (Depression), 7 (Psychasthenia), content scale DEP (Depression), and content scale ANX (Anxiety). Treatment outcome was measured by posttreatment MMPI-2 scores on these four variables. The results of this study suggest that the level of personality traits a patient possesses can significantly impact the clinical presentation of an Axis I disorder. Although the 48 patients with MCMI-III base rate scores above 74 had significantly higher pretreatment MMPI-2 scores than the patients with lower MCMI-III scores, both groups obtained posttreatment MMPI scores well within normal limits. The intensive individual and group therapy, extended length of stay, and emphasis on community living that the residential program provides may account for these results.
Molecular and biochemical characterization of a Coccidioides immitis-specific antigen

Results of earlier investigations have indicated that the saprobic phase of Coccidioides immitis produces a heat-stable, 19-kDa antigen with serine proteinase activity which has been suggested to be specific for this pathogenic fungus. In the present study we have determined the N-terminal and partial internal amino acid sequences of the purified, 19-kDa antigen, cloned the gene which encodes this polypeptide, and confirmed that the secreted proteinase is a Coccidioides-specific antigen (CS-Ag). Both the genomic and cDNA sequences are reported and reveal that the csa gene which encodes this antigen has no introns. A 543-bp open reading frame encodes a 181-amino-acid-containing protein with a predicted molecular mass of 19.8 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.3. The csa gene was localized on chromosome I of three representative C. immitis clinical isolates on the basis of Southern hybridizations. Expression of the csa gene in Escherichia coli using the pET21a plasmid vector yielded a recombinant protein that was recognized in immunoblot assays by antibody raised to the purified 19-kDa CS-Ag. Secretion of the native antigen is suggested to occur by cleavage of a putative 23-residue signal peptide. The native CS-Ag showed a low degree of glycosylation. Analysis of the carbohydrate composition of the CS-Ag revealed xylose, mannose, galactose, and glucose. However, the purified antigen showed no affinity for concanavalin A. A PCR method with specificity and high sensitivity for detection of C. immitis genomic DNA, using a pair of synthetic oligonucleotide primers whose sequences were based on that of the csa gene, was developed. A 520-bp product was amplified only when C. immitis genomic DNA was used as the template. The lower limits of DNA detection using this PCR method were 1 pg of C. immitis genomic DNA by ethidium bromide staining and 100 fg after Southern hybridization. The csa gene-based PCR method for detection of C. immitis DNA is useful for culture identification and may have clinical applications for the diagnosis of coccidioidal infections.
Immunization of Chickens with Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing H5 Hemagglutinin Protects against Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Viruses

Background Highly-pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are the two most important poultry viruses in the world. Natural low-virulence NDV strains have been used as vaccines over the past 70 years with proven track records. We have previously developed a reverse genetics system to produce low-virulent NDV vaccine strain LaSota from cloned cDNA. This system allows us to use NDV as a vaccine vector for other avian pathogens. Methodology/Principal Finding Here, we constructed two recombinant NDVs (rNDVs) each of which expresses the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of HPAIV H5N1strain A/Vietnam/1203/2004 from an added gene. In one, rNDV (rNDV-HA), the open reading frame (ORF) of HA gene was expressed without modification. In the second, rNDV (rNDV-HAF), the ORF was modified so that the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the encoded HA gene were replaced with those of the NDV F protein. The insertion of either version of the HA ORF did not increase the virulence of the rNDV vector. The HA protein was found to be incorporated into the envelopes of both rNDV-HA and rNDV-HAF. However, there was an enhanced incorporation of the HA protein in rNDV-HAF. Chickens immunized with a single dose of either rNDV-HA or rNDV-HAF induced a high titer of HPAIV H5-specific antibodies and were completely protected against challenge with NDV as well as lethal challenges of both homologous and heterologous HPAIV H5N1. Conclusion and Significance Our results suggest that these chimeric viruses have potential as safe and effective bivalent vaccines against NDV and. HPAIV. These vaccines will be convenient and affordable, which will be highly beneficial to the poultry industry. Furthermore, immunization with these vaccines will permit serological differentiation of vaccinated and avian influenza field virus infected animals.
A Fast and Compact Language Model Implementation Using Double-Array Structures

The language model is a widely used component in fields such as natural language processing, automatic speech recognition, and optical character recognition. In particular, statistical machine translation uses language models, and the translation speed and the amount of memory required are greatly affected by the performance of the language model implementation. We propose a fast and compact implementation of n-gram language models that increases query speed and reduces memory usage by using a double-array structure, which is known to be a fast and compact trie data structure. We propose two types of implementation: one for backward suffix trees and the other for reverse tries. The data structure is optimized for space efficiency by embedding model parameters into otherwise unused spaces in the double-array structure. We show that the reverse trie version of our method is among the smallest state-of-the-art implementations in terms of model size with almost the same speed as the implementation that performs fastest on perplexity calculation tasks. Similarly, we achieve faster decoding while keeping compact model sizes, and we confirm that our method can utilize the efficiency of the double-array structure to achieve a balance between speed and size on translation tasks.
Baryon structure in chiral effective field theory on the light front

We propose a new approach to treat the nucleon structure in terms of an effective chiral Lagrangian. We formulate the state vector, f(p), of the nucleon in light-front dynamics, and solve the eigenvalue equation ˆ P 2 f(p) = M 2 f(p) in a truncated Fock space. The effective Lagrangian is decomposed in terms of pion fields in order to match the Fock expansion of the state vector. We use a general renormalization scheme consistent with Fock state truncation. We present our first results in a two-body Fock space truncation.
Clinical Chemistry journal has contributed to progress in lipid and lipoprotein testing for fifty years.

The journal Clinical Chemistry has played a major role in facilitating the progress that has occurred in lipid and lipoprotein testing over the past 50 years. In celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Journal, this Special Report highlights five selected areas of highly significant accomplishments during the past 50 years contributed by key researchers, some whose careers have spanned the entire history of modern lipid analysis and research. An overview of the history of lipid analysis from nonspecific strong acid methods to modern enzymatic assays, fully integrated lipoprotein methods, and the remarkable instrumentation developed by industry is presented by G. Russell Warnick. Dr. Bill Friedewald, whose name is associated with the widely recognized calculation of LDL-cholesterol (1), will relate the genesis of this important development. His 1972 report in Clinical Chemistry (1) has become the most cited ever in the Journal, with more than 6000 citations. Dr. Richard Havel developed an ultracentrifugal method in 1955 that continues to be the common citation for preparative isolation of the lipoproteins (2). The Lipid Research Clinic (LRC)1 laboratories, in addition to assaying for cholesterol and triglycerides, separated VLDL from the bottom layer of LDL and HDL for HDL analyses by ultracentrifugation, following this method. Dr. Havel, who is still active in lipid research, provides his views on the history of the lipoproteins and separation methodology. Drs. Gerald Cooper and Gary Myers present the story of how the CDC/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (CDC-NHLBI) Lipid Standardization Program was developed over a period of nearly 50 years. The LRC program also focused attention on the need for standardization of lipid and lipoprotein measurements. Dr. Cooper of the CDC, one of the co-authors of the standardization article (3), has been a leader in the standardization field for 52 years. The CDC standardization effort, …
Stealing cycles: Can we get along?

The exploitation of networked workstations as a set of under-utilized computational resources is an attractive idea for cost-effective parallel computing. The use of these resources, however, raises a number of interesting policy and performance questions (e.g. what impact will a parallel application have on the normal workstation user, what performance levels can be expected when many users are logged on? ). We present performance models for parallel computations executing on shared, networked workstations that can help to address these questions. <<ETX>>
Role of C-type natriuretic peptide in the function of normal human sperm

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a newly discovered type of local regulatory factor that mediates its biological effects through the speciﬁc, membrane-bound natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B). Recent studies have established that CNP is closely related to male reproductive function. The aims of this study were to determine the distribution of CNP/NPR-B in human ejaculated spermatozoa through different methods (such as immunolocalization, real time polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot), and then to evaluate the influence of CNP on sperm function i n vitro, such as motility and acrosome reaction. Human semen samples were collected from consenting donors who met the criteria of the World Health Organization for normozoospermia. Our results show that the speciﬁc receptor NPR-B of CNP is localized in the acrosomal region of the head and the membrane of the front-end tail of the sperm, and there is no signal of CNP in human sperm. Compared with the control, CNP can induce a signiﬁcant dose-dependent increase in spermatozoa motility and acrosome reaction. In summary, CNP/NPR-B can affect sperm motility and acrosome reaction, thus regulating the reproductive function of males. CNP may be a new key factor in regulating sperm function.
Who ’ s Who in Networks . Wanted : The Key Player ¤

Finite population non-cooperative games with linear-quadratic utilities, where each player decides how much action she exerts, can be interpreted as a network game with local payo¤ complementarities, together with a globally uniform payo¤ substitutability component and an ownconcavity e¤ect. For these games, the Nash equilibrium action of each player is proportional to her Bonacich centrality in the network of local complementarities, thus establishing a bridge with the sociology literature on social networks. This Bonacich-Nash linkage implies that aggregate equilibrium increases with network size and density. We then analyze a policy that consists of targeting the key player, that is, the player who, once removed, leads to the optimal change in aggregate activity. We provide a geometric characterization of the key player identi.ed with an inter-centrality measure, which takes into account both a player’s centrality and her contribution to the centrality of the others.