Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 525–556-GHz Radiating Source With a Dielectric Lens Antenna in 28-nm CMOS

This paper presents the design, implementation, and measurement of a 0.53-THz radiating source in a 28-nm bulk CMOS technology. An oscillator-tripler topology is employed to effectively generate and extract the third harmonic at 0.53 THz within a fully symmetrical layout. A dielectric lens is designed, fabricated, and mounted on top of the chip to enhance the antenna gain. During the design of the radiating source, a lumped model representing the transistor interconnect parasitics including the parasitic capacitances, resistances, and inductances is developed using a simulation-based modeling method. The accuracy of the developed model is validated by comparing the simulation and measurement of the 0.53-THz radiating source. The measured equivalent isotropically radiated power of the radiating source is –7.4 dBm at 527.6 GHz under 0.9-V supply voltage. According to the measured antenna directivity of 14.6 dBi, the radiated power and dc-to-THz efficiency of the radiating source are calculated as $-$22 dBm and 0.332%, respectively. By adjusting the supply voltage, the output frequency can be tuned from 524.7 to 555.8 GHz, indicating a 5.9% frequency tuning range.
Multi-shot Person Re-identification with Automatic Ambiguity Inference and Removal

This work tackles the challenging problem of multi-shot person re-identification in realistic unconstrained scenarios. While most previous research within re-identification field is based on single-shot mode due to the constraint of scales of conventional datasets, multi-shot case provides a more natural way for person recognition in surveillance systems. Multiple frames can be easily captured in a camera network, thus more complementary information can be extracted for a more robust signature. To re-identify targets in real world, a key issue named identity ambiguity that commonly occurs must be solved preferentially, which is not considered by most previous studies. During the offline stage, we train an ambiguity classifier based on the shape context extracted from foreground responses in videos. Given a probe pedestrian, this paper employs the offline trained classifier to recognize and remove ambiguous samples, and then utilizes an improved hierarchical appearance representation to match humans between multiple-shots. Evaluations of this approach are conducted on two challenging real-world datasets, both of which are newly released in this paper, and yield impressive performance.
A Characterization of Monotone Influence Measures for Data Classification

In this work we focus on the following question: how important was the i-th feature in determining the outcome for a given datapoint? We identify a family of influence measures; functions that, given a datapoint x, assign a value phi_i(x) to every feature i, which roughly corresponds to that i's importance in determining the outcome for x. This family is uniquely derived from a set of axioms: desirable properties that any reasonable influence measure should satisfy. Departing from prior work on influence measures, we assume no knowledge of - or access to - the underlying classifier labelling the dataset. In other words, our influence measures are based on the dataset alone, and do not make any queries to the classifier. While this requirement naturally limits the scope of explanations we provide, we show that it is effective on real datasets.
Frequency characteristics of leakage current waveforms of a string of suspension insulators

In order to establish a method for monitoring whether flashover occurs or not in a string of insulators based on leakage current waveforms and their frequency characteristics, the leakage current waveforms and the frequency characteristics of a string of 120-kN suspension insulators were investigated with artificial contamination tests and field tests. As a result, it was found that leakage current waveforms become nearly the symmetrical wave when strong local arcs occur; hence, the intensity of the odd order of harmonic components, e.g., 50, 150, and 250 Hz, is high. Furthermore, it was clarified that the transition of the leakage current waveforms until flashover occurs is classified into six stages and that a threshold exists in the magnitude of peak leakage current and prominent odd-order harmonic components by which the occurrence of flashover can be predicted.
Development of singlet oxygen absorption capacity (SOAC) assay method. 4. Measurements of the SOAC values for vegetable and fruit extracts

Measurements of the second-order rate constants and the singlet oxygen absorption capacity (SOAC) values for the reaction of singlet oxygen (1O2) with 23 kinds of food extracts were performed in ethanol/chloroform/D2O (50:50:1, v/v/v) solution at 35 °C. It has been clarified that the SOAC method is useful to evaluate the 1O2-quenching activity (i.e. the SOAC value) of food extracts having two orders of magnitude different rate constants from 3.18 × 104 L g−1 s−1 for tomato to 1.55 × 102 for green melon. Furthermore, comparison of the observed rate constants for the above food extracts with the calculated ones based on the concentrations of seven kinds of carotenoids included in the food extracts and the rate constants reported for each carotenoids was performed, in order to ascertain the validity of the SOAC assay method developed and to clarify the ratio of the contribution of principal carotenoids to the SOAC value. Graphical Abstract Measurements of singlet oxygen absorption capacity (SOAC) values for 23 kinds of vegetable and fruit extracts.
Socioeconomic Status and Outcome From Intensive Care in England and Wales

Objective:The objective of this study was to estimate the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and outcome for admissions to intensive care. Research Design:Retrospective cohort study. Subjects:We studied 51,572 admissions to 99 intensive-care units in England and Wales between 1995 and 2000. Measures:The SES of admissions was measured using Carstairs deprivation scores. Outcome was hospital mortality after adjustment for case mix using the APACHE II method. Results:Admissions of lower SES were, on average, younger and less likely to be following surgery. There was evidence of a SES gradient for hospital mortality in admissions after elective surgery after adjusting for case mix (test for trend P <0.001), with higher SES associated with lower mortality. In the least-deprived quintile of SES, the odds ratio for hospital mortality was 0.70 (95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.84) compared with the most deprived quintile. There was no evidence of a SES gradient for hospital mortality in nonsurgical or emergency surgical admissions, and the decision to withdraw active treatment did not differ by SES. Conclusions:There is a SES gradient for hospital mortality in elective surgical admissions that is not explained by differences in case mix or the withdrawal of active treatment. Further research is required to establish if this finding can be explained by unmeasured differences in health status at admission to an intensive-care unit or differences in care and to establish the potential impact these results may have on interpreting comparative surgical performance data.
Creating highly specific nucleases by fusion of active restriction endonucleases and catalytically inactive homing endonucleases

Zinc-finger nucleases and TALE nucleases are produced by combining a specific DNA-binding module and a non-specific DNA-cleavage module, resulting in nucleases able to cleave DNA at a unique sequence. Here a new approach for creating highly specific nucleases was pursued by fusing a catalytically inactive variant of the homing endonuclease I-SceI, as DNA binding-module, to the type IIP restriction enzyme PvuII, as cleavage module. The fusion enzymes were designed to recognize a composite site comprising the recognition site of PvuII flanked by the recognition site of I-SceI. In order to reduce activity on PvuII sites lacking the flanking I-SceI sites, the enzymes were optimized so that the binding of I-SceI to its sites positions PvuII for cleavage of the composite site. This was achieved by optimization of the linker and by introducing amino acid substitutions in PvuII which decrease its activity or disturb its dimer interface. The most specific variant showed a more than 1000-fold preference for the addressed composite site over an unaddressed PvuII site. These results indicate that using a specific restriction enzyme, such as PvuII, as cleavage module, offers an alternative to the otherwise often used catalytic domain of FokI, which by itself does not contribute to the specificity of the engineered nuclease.
A Modeling Study for Structure Features of β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐hexosaminidase from Ostrinia furnacalis and its Novel Inhibitor Allosamidin: Species Selectivity and Multi‐Target Characteristics

Insect β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐hexosaminidase, a chitin degrading enzyme, is physiologically important during the unique life cycle of the insect. OfHex1, a β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐hexosaminidase from the insect, Ostrinia furna, which was obtained by our laboratory (Gen Bank No.: ABI81756.1), was studied by molecular modeling as well as by molecular docking with its inhibitor, allosamidin. 3D model of OfHex1 was built through the ligand‐supported homology modeling approach. The binding modes of its substrate and inhibitor were proposed through docking and cluster analysis. The pocket’s size and shape of OfHex1 differ from that of human β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐hexosaminidase, which determined that allosamidin can selectively inhibit OfHex1 instead of human β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐hexosaminidase. Moreover, the multi‐target characteristics of allosamidin that inhibit enzymes from different families, OfHex1 (EC 3.2.1.52; GH20) and chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14; GH18), were compared. The common −1/+1 sugar‐binding site of chitinase and OfHex1, and the −2/−3 sugar‐binding site in chitinase contribute to the binding of allosamidin. This work, at molecular level, proved that OfHex1 could be a potential species‐specific target for novel green pesticide design and also provide the possibility to develop allosamidin or its derivatives as a new type of insecticide to ‘hit two birds with one stone’, which maybe become a novel strategy in pest control.
A preliminary study on the properties and fouling-release performance of siloxane–polyurethane coatings prepared from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) macromers

Siloxane–polyurethane fouling-release (FR) coatings based on aminopropyl terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) macromers were prepared and characterized for FR performance via laboratory biological assays. These systems rely on self-stratification, resulting in a coating with a siloxane-rich surface and polyurethane bulk. Previously, these coating systems have used PDMS with multiple functional groups which react into the polyurethane bulk. Here, aminopropyl terminated PDMS macromers were prepared, where a single amine group anchors the PDMS in the coating. Coatings were prepared with four molecular weights (1000, 5000, 10,000, and 15,000 g mol−1) and two levels of PDMS (5% and 10%). High water contact angles and low surface energies were observed for the coatings before and after water immersion, along with low pseudobarnacle removal forces. Laboratory bioassays showed reduced biofilm retention of marine bacteria, good removal of diatoms from coatings with low molecular weight PDMS, high removal of algal sporelings (young plants), and low removal forces of live barnacles.
Affective State Prediction of Contextualized Concepts

Most studies on affective analysis of text focus on the sentiment or emotion expressed by a whole sentence or document. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to predict the affective states of a described event through the predictions of the corresponding subject, action and object involved in the described event. Rather than using a sentiment label or discrete emotion categories, the affective state is represented using the three dimensional evaluation-potency-activity (EPA) model. The main idea is to use automatically obtained word embedding as word representation and to use the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network as the prediction model. Compared to the linear model used in the Affective Control Theory which uses manually annotated EPA lexicon, our proposed LSTM learning method using word embedding outperforms the linear model and word embedding also performs better than EPA lexicon. Most importantly, our work shows that automatically obtained word embedding outperforms manually constructed affective lexicons.
Risk of Symptomatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients Treated with Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis

Background: In intra-arterial (IA) thrombolysis trials, higher rates of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) were found than in trials with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA); this observation could have been due to the inclusion of more severely affected patients in IA thrombolysis trials. In the present study, we investigated the rate of sICH in IA and combined IV + IA thrombolysis versus IV thrombolysis after adjusting for differences in clinical and MRI parameters. Methods: In this multicenter study, we systematically analyzed data from 645 patients with anterior-circulation strokes treated with either IV or IA thrombolysis within 6 h following symptom onset. Thrombolytic regimens included (1) IV tPA treatment (n = 536) and (2) IA treatment with either tPA or urokinase (n = 74) or (3) combined IV + IA treatment with either tPA or urokinase (n = 35). Results: 44 (6.8%) patients developed sICH. sICH patients had significantly higher scores on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission and pretreatment DWI lesions. The sICH risk was 5.2% (n = 28) in IV thrombolysis, which is significantly lower than in IA (12.5%, n = 9) or IV + IA thrombolysis (20%, n = 7). In a binary logistic regression analysis including age, NIHSS score, time to thrombolysis, initial diffusion weighted imaging lesion size, mode of thrombolytic treatment and thrombolytic agent, the mode of thrombolytic treatment remained an independent predictor for sICH. The odds ratio for IA or IV + IA versus IV treatment was 3.466 (1.19–10.01, 95% CI, p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this series, IA and IV + IA thrombolysis is associated with an increased sICH risk as compared to IV thrombolysis, and this risk is independent of differences in baseline parameters such as age, initial NIHSS score or pretreatment lesion size.
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae TALE proteins recruit OsTFIIAγ1 to compensate for the absence of OsTFIIAγ5 in bacterial blight in rice

Summary Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial blight (BB) of rice, uses transcription activator‐like effectors (TALEs) to interact with the basal transcription factor gamma subunit OsTFIIAγ5 (Xa5) and activates the transcription of host genes. However, how OsTFIIAγ1, the other OsTFIIAγ protein, functions in the presence of TALEs remains unclear. In this study, we show that OsTFIIAγ1 plays a compensatory role in the absence of Xa5. The expression of OsTFIIAγ1, which is activated by TALE PthXo7, increases the expression of host genes targeted by avirulent and virulent TALEs. Defective OsTFIIAγ1 rice lines show reduced expression of the TALE‐targeted susceptibility (S) genes, OsSWEET11 and OsSWEET14, which results in increased BB resistance. Selected TALEs (PthXo1, AvrXa7 and AvrXa27) were evaluated for interactions with OsTFIIAγ1, Xa5 and xa5 (naturally occurring mutant form of Xa5) using biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and microscale thermophoresis (MST). BiFC and MST demonstrated that the three TALEs bind Xa5 and OsTFIIAγ1 with a stronger affinity than xa5. These results provide insights into the complex roles of OsTFIIAγ1 and OsTFIIAγ5 in TALE‐mediated host gene transcription.
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 UL2 Inhibits the TNF-α–Mediated NF-κB Activity by Interacting With p65/p50

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a large double-stranded DNA virus that encodes at least 80 viral proteins, many of which are involved in the virus–host interaction and are beneficial to the viral survival and reproduction. However, the biological functions of some HSV-1–encoded proteins are not fully understood. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation is the major antiviral innate response, which can be triggered by various signals induced by cellular receptors from different pathways. Here, we demonstrated that HSV-1 UL2 protein could antagonize the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)–mediated NF-κB activation. Co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that UL2 could interact with the NF-κB subunits p65 and p50, which also revealed the region of amino acids 9 to 17 of UL2 could suppress the NF-κB activation and interact with p65 and p50, and UL2 bound to the immunoglobulin-like plexin transcription factor functional domain of p65. However, UL2 did not affect the formation of p65/p50 dimerization and their nuclear localizations. Yet, UL2 was demonstrated to inhibit the NF-κB activity by attenuating TNF-α–induced p65 phosphorylation at Ser536 and therefore decreasing the expression of downstream inflammatory chemokine interleukin 8. Taken together, the attenuation of NF-κB activation by UL2 may contribute to the escape of host’s antiviral innate immunity for HSV-1 during its infection.
Predicting Tomorrow's Mood, Health, and Stress Level using Personalized Multitask Learning and Domain Adaptation

Predicting a person’s mood tomorrow, from data collected unobtrusively using wearable sensors and smartphones, could have a number of beneficial clinical applications; however, this prediction is an extremely challenging problem. Past approaches often lack the accurate and reliable performance necessary for real-world applications. We posit that this is due to the inability of traditional, one-sizefits-all machine learning models to account for individual differences. To overcome this, we treat predicting tomorrow’s mood for a single person as one task, or problem domain. We then adopt Multitask Learning (MTL) and Domain Adaptation (DA) approaches to learn a model which is customized for each person, while still being able to benefit from data across the population. Empirical results on real-world, continuous monitoring data show that the new personalized models — a MTL deep neural network, and a Gaussian Process with DA — both significantly outperform their generic counterparts, providing substantial performance enhancements in automatic prediction of continuous levels of tomorrow’s reported mood, stress, and physical health based on data through today.
Suppression of Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Small Interfering RNA Targeting Heat Shock Protein 47

Background/Aim: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a well-established model for tubulointerstitial fibrosis. During the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, upregulation of collagen synthesis and subsequent accumulation of collagen were observed in the tubulointerstitial area. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone and plays an essential role in regulating collagen synthesis. We designed small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences for HSP47 mRNA to examine whether HSP47 is involved in the progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in a mouse UUO model. Methods: The HSP47 siRNA was injected once via the ureter at the time of UUO preparation. We also applied a new gene delivery system for siRNA using cationized gelatin microspheres. The kidneys were harvested 7 and 14 days after UUO. The HSP47 and type I, III, and IV collagen expression levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: Seven days after UUO, the expression levels of HSP47 and type I, III, and IV collagens were markedly upregulated in obstructed kidneys or green fluorescent protein siRNA treated obstructed kidneys. HSP47 siRNA injection significantly reduced the protein expression levels and significantly diminished the accompanying interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, cationized gelatin microspheres as a delivery system enhanced and lengthened the antifibrotic effect of HSP47 siRNA. Conclusions: Our results indicate that HSP47 is a candidate target for the prevention of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and that selective blockade of the HSP47 expression by using siRNA could be a potentially useful therapeutic approach for patients with renal disease.
Reliability of Two-Dimensional Transvaginal Sonographic Measurement of Lower Uterine Segment Thickness Using Video Sequences

Abstract Objectives To report the intra- and interobserver reliability of measurement of the lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness using transvaginal sonographic videos. Methods A prospective study of 60 women with previous, low-transverse cesarean undergoing LUS examination (36 to 39 weeks) was performed. Two observers independently measured full LUS thickness using transvaginal sonography. A video of the LUS was recorded and analyzed more than 2 months later by both observers. Intra- and interobserver reliability was assessed with median absolute differences and interquartile range (IQR), nonparametric limits of agreement, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and kappa coefficients. Results Median full LUS thickness was 3.6 mm (range: 0.9 to 8.0 mm). Intraobserver repeatability was excellent (median difference: 0.2 mm, IQR: 0.1 to 0.4; ICC: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.96; kappa: 1.00). Interobserver (median difference: 0.3 mm, IQR: 0.2 to 1.3; ICC: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.95; kappa: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.98) and intermethod reproducibility (median difference: 0.4 mm, IQR: 0.2 to 0.8; ICC: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72 to 0.89; kappa: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.94) were good. However, both interobserver and intermethod reproducibility were improved when LUS thickness was below 3 mm. Conclusion Full LUS thickness measured from transvaginal sonographic videos has excellent intra- and interobserver reproducibility and good reproducibility with live transvaginal ultrasound.
Design of internal information leakage detection system considering the privacy violation

Nowadays, companies are monitoring their employee's behavior using the DLP (Data Loss Prevention) solution to protect their information assets from internal attackers. During the monitoring the behaviors of employees, it is inevitable disclosing the private information to recognize the violation of internal regulation about handling of companies critical information. Actually there is trade-off relationship between privacy protection and data loss protection in company's information management. The trade-off relationship implies that there may be privacy violation if we are trying to prevent the internal information leakage strictly. In this paper, we are suggesting a data loss prevention method considering the privacy violation level. Especially, we are considering a method of quantifying the degree of privacy violation based on the data units which are exposed when the employee's data handling is monitored. At the same time, we are suggesting a method of quantifying the degree of importance of data units which are monitored.