Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LTDE: A Layout Tree Based Approach for Deep Page Data Extraction

Content extraction from deep Web pages has received great attention in recent years. However, the increasingly complicated HTML structure of Web documents makes it more difficult to recognize the data records by only analyzing the HTML source code. In this paper, we propose a method named LTDE to extract data records from a deep Web page. Instead of analyzing the HTML source code, LTDE utilizes the visual features of data records in deep Web pages. A Web page is considered as a finite set of visual blocks. The data records are the visual blocks that have similar layout. We also propose a pattern recognizing method named layout tree to cluster the similar layout visual blocks. The weight of all clusters is calculated, and the visual blocks in the cluster that has the highest weight are chosen as the data records to be extracted. The experiment results show that LTDE has higher effectiveness and better robustness for Web data extraction compared to previous works. key words: deep Web data extraction, layout tree, visual features, Web mining
Nine new species of Neotropical spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae: Ischnorhininae)

Nine new species of Neotropical spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae: Ischnorhininae) are described and illustrated in the genera Catrimania (C. albifascia sp. n. with type locality in French Guiana, and C. livida sp. n. with type locality in Costa Rica), Ischnorhina (I. amazonica sp. n. with type locality in Brazil, and I. hamiltoni sp. n. with type locality in French Guiana), Maxantonia (M. mimica sp. n. with type locality in Peru), Vorago (V. thompsoni sp. n. with type locality in Ec- uador), and Zuata (Z. carvalhoi sp. n. with type locality in Ecuador, Z. pecki sp. n. with type locality in Colombia, and Z. tigrina sp. n. with type locality in Bolivia).
Distribution of the Phenotypic Effects of Random Homologous Recombination between Two Virus Species

Recombination has an evident impact on virus evolution and emergence of new pathotypes, and has generated an immense literature. However, the distribution of phenotypic effects caused by genome-wide random homologous recombination has never been formally investigated. Previous data on the subject have promoted the implicit view that most viral recombinant genomes are likely to be deleterious or lethal if the nucleotide identity of parental sequences is below 90%. We decided to challenge this view by creating a bank of near-random recombinants between two viral species of the genus Begomovirus (Family Geminiviridae) exhibiting 82% nucleotide identity, and by testing infectivity and in planta accumulation of recombinant clones randomly extracted from this bank. The bank was created by DNA-shuffling—a technology initially applied to the random shuffling of individual genes, and here implemented for the first time to shuffle full-length viral genomes. Together with our previously described system allowing the direct cloning of full-length infectious geminivirus genomes, it provided a unique opportunity to generate hundreds of “mosaic” virus genomes, directly testable for infectivity. A subset of 47 randomly chosen recombinants was sequenced, individually inoculated into tomato plants, and compared with the parental viruses. Surprisingly, our results showed that all recombinants were infectious and accumulated at levels comparable or intermediate to that of the parental clones. This indicates that, in our experimental system, despite the fact that the parental genomes differ by nearly 20%, lethal and/or large deleterious effects of recombination are very rare, in striking contrast to the common view that has emerged from previous studies published on other viruses.
A model and prototype of a proactive multi-type context-aware recommender system

With the huge amount of available information and products, the importance of recommender systems has increased. Currently, these systems are integrating the user's context and social information to create context aware recommender systems. In the future, they will use the big amount of information known about the user from the Internet of things (IoT) environment. The IoT environment will provide a lot of implicit and explicit information about the user, thus knowing more about his context, and consequently enables high quality recommendations. In this paper, we will present a model and prototype of a context aware recommender system that recommends different types of items. The recommender systems recommend three different types (Gas Stations, Restaurants, and Attractions) proactively in the IoT environment. A major part of this design is the context aware management system which decides if the context is proper to push a recommendation or not, and what type of recommendations to push. We assume that the context aware management system inputs are derived virtually from the IoT environment and its output is a score that determines if the context is appropriate for a recommendation and identifies the recommendation type. A neural network was used to do the reasoning of the context. The results of 7000 random contexts were tested. For an average of 93.5% of them, our trained neural network generated correct recommendation types in the correct times and contexts. A user's acceptance survey has been conducted on 50 users; it shows high interest and satisfaction in such application.
A National Effort to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Participant-Level Evaluation of CDC’s National Diabetes Prevention Program

OBJECTIVE To assess participant-level results from the first 4 years of implementation of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP), a national effort to prevent type 2 diabetes in those at risk through structured lifestyle change programs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Descriptive analysis was performed on data from 14,747 adults enrolled in year-long type 2 diabetes prevention programs during the period February 2012 through January 2016. Data on attendance, weight, and physical activity minutes were summarized and predictors of weight loss were examined using a mixed linear model. All analyses were performed using SAS 9.3. RESULTS Participants attended a median of 14 sessions over an average of 172 days in the program (median 134 days). Overall, 35.5% achieved the 5% weight loss goal (average weight loss 4.2%, median 3.1%). Participants reported a weekly average of 152 min of physical activity (median 128 min), with 41.8% meeting the physical activity goal of 150 min per week. For every additional session attended and every 30 min of activity reported, participants lost 0.3% of body weight (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS During the first 4 years, the National DPP has achieved widespread implementation of the lifestyle change program to prevent type 2 diabetes, with promising early results. Greater duration and intensity of session attendance resulted in a higher percent of body weight loss overall and for subgroups. Focusing on retention may reduce disparities and improve overall program results. Further program expansion and investigation is needed to continue lowering the burden of type 2 diabetes nationally.
Ionic Liquid‐Based Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Benzodiazepine Analysis in Postmortem Blood Samples

Sample preparation is rapidly improving to fulfill the need for faster and more environmentally friendly alternatives. In this respect, ionic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL‐DLLME) is an interesting technique. However, it has not yet been evaluated for the analysis of postmortem samples, which are frequently analyzed in forensic toxicology. This study investigates the applicability of IL‐DLLME coupled to liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS), for the analysis of benzodiazepines in postmortem blood of 11 forensic cases. The method was compared with a validated solid‐phase extraction (SPE) method. Bland–Altman analysis was performed on 24 benzodiazepine measurements. Both methods gave comparable results, except for flurazepam and temazepam (>55% difference). A feasible explanation is high postmortem matrix variability that was not considered during IL‐DLLME validation experiments. Another issue could be the use of a single nondeuterated SPE internal standard. Overall, IL‐DLLME has proven its usability for the analysis of postmortem blood.
50 year trends in nitrogen use efficiency of world cropping systems: the relationship between yield and nitrogen input to cropland

Nitrogen (N) is crucial for crop productivity. However, nowadays more than half of the N added to cropland is lost to the environment, wasting the resource, producing threats to air, water, soil and biodiversity, and generating greenhouse gas emissions. Based on FAO data, we have reconstructed the trajectory followed, in the past 50 years, by 124 countries in terms of crop yield and total nitrogen inputs to cropland (manure, synthetic fertilizer, symbiotic fixation and atmospheric deposition). During the last five decades, the response of agricultural systems to increased nitrogen fertilization has evolved differently in the different world countries. While some countries have improved their agro-environmental performances, in others the increased fertilization has produced low agronomical benefits and higher environmental losses. Our data also suggest that, in general, those countries using a higher proportion of N inputs from symbiotic N fixation rather than from synthetic fertilizer have a better N use efficiency.
Analysis of factors affecting the demolding of micro-structured devices in the injection molding process

The increasing demand for disposable ‘point-of-care’ systems poses on-going challenges for health care indus-tries to provide improvements in diagnosis and fabrication techniques. Regarding the fabrication in an injection molding process, the demolding stage is critical for success. For an in-depth investigation a tool for acquiring the demolding ener-gies during the injection molding process was developed. This quantitative value in addition to injection molding simulations was used to describe the demolding stage. For easier classification the relevant parameters were grouped into four main influencing factors: polymer, machine parameters, microstructure design and the tool surface. Subsequently, several parameters affecting the demolding energy were attributed to each of those categories and examined systematically. One semi-crystalline polymer (PP), two amorphous polymers (COP and PMMA) and a thermoplastic COC-elastomer were investigated. It was found that the demolding energies were determined strong.
Analysis of Lowering Effects in Aluminum Single-Layer Latticed Dome with Temcor Joints

The numerical analysis of a single-layer latticed dome has been carried out by using ANSYS, in order to evaluate the effect of influencing factors, like semi-rigidity of joint, buckling in compressed bars, load distribution and initial imperfections, which can produce important reductions of the load bearing capacity of these kind of structures. As a case study, the use of Temcor joint has been investigated. The characterization of the Temcor joint behavior to be introduced in the global model of the dome has been done by a FE model implemented on ABAQUS. The effects of the analyzed factors on the load-carrying capacity of the dome have been identified and useful suggestions for the design of this type of structures have been given.
Probing Atomic-Scale Properties of Magnetic and Optoelectronic Nanostructures

This dissertation presents scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy studies of individual molecules and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) bound to a substrate. Understanding the local electronic properties of these systems is importance from a fundamental physics viewpoint and for advancing potential technological applications in nanoelectronics. Two molecular systems, tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), and bithiophene naphthalene diimide (BND), were investigated. The basic questions addressed are (1) how do molecules respond to a condensed matter environment (i.e. a metal or semiconducting surface), (2) how do spins behave in molecule-scale structures, and (3) how do the intrinsic electronic properties of molecules affect their self-assembly behavior. We find that TCNE molecules display variable surface coupling and enable tunable magnetic exchange coupling between covalently bonded spin centers in Vx(TCNE)y complexes. We also were able to determine the TCNE adsorption site within a molecular monolayer on Ag(100) through a combination of inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. We find that BND molecules exhibit type-II heterojunction energy level alignment. The interplay between the bipolar electronic nature of the molecule and the substrate results in different self-assembly patterns on a Au(111) surface. In GNRs we have demonstrated the presence of magnetic edge states for chiral nanoribbons with atomically smooth edges. We have further controlled GNR edges via hydrogen plasma etching, and have determined their exact edge termination.
A pediatric case of squamous cell cancer in situ in the setting of sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease and voriconazole treatment

Sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease is a subtype of cutaneous chronic graft‐versus‐host disease that is characterized by sclerosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, resulting in debilitating contractures, among other life‐threatening complications. Children with sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease are at high risk of developing nonmelanoma skin cancer because of several risk factors, including young age at transplantation, prolonged immunosuppression, and exposure to photosensitizing antimicrobial prophylaxis such as voriconazole. The immunosuppression required to treat sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease makes effectively treating nonmelanoma skin cancer and sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease in the same patient challenging. We describe a challenging case of a 6‐year‐old boy with a history of sclerodermatous graft‐versus‐host disease and voriconazole exposure presenting with squamous cell carcinoma in situ on the left temple and actinic keratoses on the scalp treated with topical chemotherapy agents.
Platform Switching of Dental Implants: Panacea For Crestal Bone Loss?

Crestal bone loss has been documented as one of the important factors that affect the long term prognosis of a dental implant. Various factors responsible for crestal bone loss have been reviewed. The concept of platform switching has been described on a histological basis. Its clinical benefits are discussed. A finite element analysis was performed to assess the mechanical behaviour of platform switched implants, which shows reduced crestal stress values under occlusal loads.
Publications of the DLR

This paper compares three techniques for dealing with infinite dimensional linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for robust performance analysis: the gridding based approximation, the polytopic relaxation and the linear fractional representation based relaxation. The latter draws on the Full Block S-Procedure with different types of multipliers. All three techniques are applied in two benchmark studies at the example of an aeroelastic system. The studies are backed up by results from the Robust Control Toolbox for Matlab.
A Literature Survey and Experimental Evaluation of the State-of-the-Art in Uplift Modeling: A Stepping Stone Toward the Development of Prescriptive Analytics

Prescriptive analytics extends on predictive analytics by allowing to estimate an outcome in function of control variables, allowing as such to establish the required level of control variables for realizing a desired outcome. Uplift modeling is at the heart of prescriptive analytics and aims at estimating the net difference in an outcome resulting from a specific action or treatment that is applied. In this article, a structured and detailed literature survey on uplift modeling is provided by identifying and contrasting various groups of approaches. In addition, evaluation metrics for assessing the performance of uplift models are reviewed. An experimental evaluation on four real-world data sets provides further insight into their use. Uplift random forests are found to be consistently among the best performing techniques in terms of the Qini and Gini measures, although considerable variability in performance across the various data sets of the experiments is observed. In addition, uplift models are frequently observed to be unstable and display a strong variability in terms of performance across different folds in the cross-validation experimental setup. This potentially threatens their actual use for business applications. Moreover, it is found that the available evaluation metrics do not provide an intuitively understandable indication of the actual use and performance of a model. Specifically, existing evaluation metrics do not facilitate a comparison of uplift models and predictive models and evaluate performance either at an arbitrary cutoff or over the full spectrum of potential cutoffs. In conclusion, we highlight the instability of uplift models and the need for an application-oriented approach to assess uplift models as prime topics for further research.
Partially Reflected Diffusion

The radiation (reactive or Robin) boundary condition for the diffusion equation is widely used in chemical and biological applications to express reactive boundaries. The underlying trajectories of the diffusing particles are believed to be partially absorbed and partially reflected at the reactive boundary; however, the relation between the reaction constant in the Robin boundary condition and the reflection probability is not well defined. In this paper we define the partially reflected process as a limit of the Markovian jump process generated by the Euler scheme for the underlying Ito dynamics with partial boundary reflection. Trajectories that cross the boundary are terminated with probability $P\sqrt{\Delta t}$ and otherwise are reflected in a normal or oblique direction. We use boundary layer analysis of the corresponding master equation to resolve the nonuniform convergence of the probability density function of the numerical scheme to the solution of the Fokker–Planck equation in a half-space, wi.
Assessing the Value of Graphical Presentations in Financial Reports

The purpose of this study was to replicate the research of Davis (1989) to test the decision usefulness of different information presentations as alternatives to financial information that would normally be represented as numbers. A laboratory experiment, based upon Davis' (1989) study, was conducted using a within subject experimental design to test for information effects. The experiment consisted of two groups with fifteen subjects in each. Decision usefulness was measured from the perspective of a user's efficiency and effectiveness (operationalised as accuracy and response time) in answering questions of different levels of complexity. Evidence of the superior effectiveness and efficiency of one form of information presentation over another was found only at the lowest level of question complexity. The results of this study are not consistent across the range of findings expressed by Davis (1989) and So and Smith (2004). The model does however provide a robust tool for assessing the decision usefulness of different forms of information presentations. The restricted number of subjects and the use of surrogates may present as a limitation to generalisability. However, the nature of the financial information and the task were suitably matched to the expectations of the knowledge and experience of the student surrogates. The results suggest that tables, bar graphs and line graphs are appropriate information presentations to use in general purpose financial reports when decision performance is being measured in terms of a user's efficiency and effectiveness.
Age-Specific Regulation of Drug-Processing Genes in Mouse Liver by Ligands of Xenobiotic-Sensing Transcription Factors

The xenobiotic-sensing transcription factors (xeno-sensors) AhR, CAR, and PXR upregulate the expression of many drug-processing genes (DPGs) in liver. Previous studies have unveiled profound changes in the basal expression of DPGs during development; however, knowledge on the ontogeny of the inducibility of DPGs in response to pharmacological activation of xeno-sensors is still limited. The goal of this study was to investigate the age-specific regulation of DPGs by prototypical xeno-sensor ligands: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) for AhR; 1,4-bis [2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP) for CAR; and pregnane-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) for PXR during mouse liver development. The basal mRNAs of most DPGs were low during neonatal age, but gradually increased to adult levels, whereas some DPGs (Cyp1a2, Cyp2b10, Cyp3a11, Gstm2, Gstm3, Papss2, and Oatp1a4) exhibited an adolescent-predominant expression pattern. The inducibility of DPGs was age-specific: 1) during neonatal age, the highest fold increase in the mRNA expression was observed for Cyp1a2, Sult5a1, and Ugt1a9 by TCDD; Cyp3a11 and Mrp2 by TCPOBOP; as well as Gstm2 and Gstm3 by PCN; 2) during adolescent age, the highest fold increase in the mRNA expression was observed for Ugt1a6 and Mrp4 by TCDD, Cyp2b10, Ugt2b34, and Ugt2b35 by TCPOBOP, as well as Gsta1, Gsta4, Sult1e1, Ugt1a1, Mrp3, and Mrp4 by PCN; 3) in adults, the highest fold increase in the mRNA expression was observed for Aldh1a1, Aldh1a7, and Ugt2b36 by TCPOBOP, as well as Papss2 and Oatp1a4 by PCN. In conclusion, the inducibility of hepatic DPGs following the pharmacological activation of xeno-sensors is age specific.
A multivariate analysis of adverse childhood experiences and health behaviors and outcomes among college students

ABSTRACT Objective: This study investigated associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) prior to age 18 years and multiple health behaviors (eg, cigarette and other substance use) and outcomes (eg, obesity, depression) for a large college sample. Participants: 2,969 college students from seven universities in the state of Georgia were included in the analysis. Methods: Web-based surveys were completed by students (45–60 minutes) during the spring semester, 2015. Results: Findings indicate that more ACEs are associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, ADHD symptoms, cigarette use, alcohol use, marijuana use, and BMI, in addition to lower levels of fruit and vegetable intake, and sleep. Conclusion: ACEs may carry forward in the lifespan to influence a range of unhealthy outcomes among college students. College intervention programs may benefit by recognizing the pervasiveness of ACEs and their associations with health behaviors and outcomes, and include interventions across more than one health behavior.
Barriers and facilitators to self‐management of asthma in adolescents: An interview study to inform development of a novel intervention

Despite literature that spans twenty years describing the barriers to asthma self‐management in adolescents, successful, clinically based interventions to address this important issue are lacking. Given the limitations of some of the previous studies, we conducted a study that aimed to gain a broader insight into barriers and facilitators to self‐management of asthma by adolescents, not just adherence to treatment, and triangulated their views with those of their parents and healthcare professionals.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Environmental Burkholderia pseudomallei Sequence Type 131 Isolate MSHR1435, Associated with a Chronic Melioidosis Infection

ABSTRACT The Burkholderia pseudomallei isolate MSHR1435 is a fully virulent environmental sequence type 131 (ST131) isolate that is epidemiologically associated with a 17.5-year chronic melioidosis infection. The completed genome will serve as a reference for studies of environmental ecology, virulence, and chronic B. pseudomallei infections.