Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective routing optimisation for battery-powered wireless sensor mesh networks

Mesh network topologies are becoming increasingly popular in battery powered wireless sensor networks, primarily due to the extension of network range and resilience against routing failures. However, multi-hop mesh networks suffer from higher energy costs, and the routing strategy directly affects the lifetime of nodes with limited energy sources. Hence while planning routes there are trade-offs to be considered between individual and system-wide battery lifetimes. We present a novel multi-objective routing optimisation approach using evolutionary algorithms to approximate the optimal trade-off between minimum lifetime and the average lifetime of nodes in the network. In order to accomplish this combinatorial optimisation rapidly and thus permit dynamic optimisation for self-healing networks, our approach uses novel $k$-shortest paths based search space pruning in conjunction with a new edge metric, which associates the energy cost at a pair of nodes with the link between them. We demonstrate our solution on a real network, deployed in the Victoria \& Albert Museum, London. We show that this approach provides better trade-off solutions in comparison to the minimum energy option, and how a combination of solutions over the lifetime of the network can enhance the overall minimum lifetime.
Physical restraint of patients in acute mental health care settings: patient, staff, and environmental factors associated with the use of a horizontal restraint position

Abstract Physical restraint of potentially violent patients can take place on the floor in prone or supine positions (horizontal restraint) or, less intrusively, in standing or sitting positions (vertical restraint). The decision to use horizontal restraint may be made unnecessarily if the level of risk in an interaction is overestimated and/or the capacity to otherwise control the situation is underestimated by staff. A model of the decision-making process in this situation based on the concept of cognitive appraisal of imminent threat is proposed here. The aim of the study reported here was to test this model by examining the patient, staff, and environmental factors associated with the use of horizontal (as opposed to vertical) restraint. Logistic regression analysis of secondary data on the first-recorded episode of restraint of 261 patients occurring over a three-year period (1999 – 2001) in an acute care psychiatric trust in the UK was conducted, followed by a ROC analysis of the discriminative ability of the derived model to predict horizontal restraint. It was found that patients admitted under Section 2 of the Mental Health Act, those committing self-harm, and those with unclear thoughts and increased vocal volume prior to the incident were more likely to be restrained horizontally. Older people, those with perceived rational causation such as bad news and personal gain, and those with no obvious warning signs were less likely to be restrained horizontally. The AUC of the model was . 76 (95% CI .70 – .82), indicating acceptable discriminative ability. It is concluded that certain patient characteristics and certain staff appraisals of pre-incident behaviour are associated with an increased risk of horizontal restraint.
Modelling the Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Biomarker Tests as Compared with Pathogen-Specific Diagnostics in the Management of Undifferentiated Fever in Remote Tropical Settings

Background Malaria accounts for a small fraction of febrile cases in increasingly large areas of the malaria endemic world. Point-of-care tests to improve the management of non-malarial fevers appropriate for primary care are few, consisting of either diagnostic tests for specific pathogens or testing for biomarkers of host response that indicate whether antibiotics might be required. The impact and cost-effectiveness of these approaches are relatively unexplored and methods to do so are not well-developed. Methods We model the ability of dengue and scrub typhus rapid tests to inform antibiotic treatment, as compared with testing for elevated C-Reactive Protein (CRP), a biomarker of host-inflammation. Using data on causes of fever in rural Laos, we estimate the proportion of outpatients that would be correctly classified as requiring an antibiotic and the likely cost-effectiveness of the approaches. Results Use of either pathogen-specific test slightly increased the proportion of patients correctly classified as requiring antibiotics. CRP testing was consistently superior to the pathogen-specific tests, despite heterogeneity in causes of fever. All testing strategies are likely to result in higher average costs, but only the scrub typhus and CRP tests are likely to be cost-effective when considering direct health benefits, with median cost per disability adjusted life year averted of approximately $48 USD and $94 USD, respectively. Conclusions Testing for viral infections is unlikely to be cost-effective when considering only direct health benefits to patients. Testing for prevalent bacterial pathogens can be cost-effective, having the benefit of informing not only whether treatment is required, but also as to the most appropriate antibiotic; this advantage, however, varies widely in response to heterogeneity in causes of fever. Testing for biomarkers of host inflammation is likely to be consistently cost-effective despite high heterogeneity, and can also offer substantial reductions in over-use of antimicrobials in viral infections.
Emotional intelligence in teams: Development and initial validation of the short version of the Workgroup Emotional Intelligence Profile (WEIP-S)

Abstract Research reveals that emotional intelligence is an important factor in predicting performance in teams. In this article, we initially outline a theoretical model for examining emotional intelligence in teams. Using this model, we test a short version (16 items) of the self-report Workgroup Emotional Intelligence Profile (WEIP). Evidence from three studies supports this model. Two samples of 620 and 217 employees support the hypothesized structure of the WEIP-S. Four distinct constructs were derived: Awareness of own emotions; Management of own emotions; Awareness of others' emotions; and Management of others' emotions. The WEIP-Short Version (WEIP-S) scale, therefore, is based on abilities that are vital during the interaction of team members. Data from 99 employees provide evidence of test–retest stability for the WEIP-S across three time periods. Limitations and potential uses in management research for this short-version scale are discussed.
A Protein with Similarity to PTEN Regulates Aggregation Territory Size by Decreasing Cyclic AMP Pulse Size during Dictyostelium discoideum Development

ABSTRACT An interesting but largely unanswered biological question is how eukaryotic organisms regulate the size of multicellular tissues. During development, a lawn of Dictyostelium cells breaks up into territories, and within the territories the cells aggregate in dendritic streams to form groups of ∼20,000 cells. Using random insertional mutagenesis to search for genes involved in group size regulation, we found that an insertion in the cnrN gene affects group size. Cells lacking CnrN (cnrN−) form abnormally small groups, which can be rescued by the expression of exogenous CnrN. Relayed pulses of extracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) direct cells to aggregate by chemotaxis to form aggregation territories and streams. cnrN− cells overaccumulate cAMP during development and form small territories. Decreasing the cAMP pulse size by treating cnrN− cells with cAMP phosphodiesterase or starving cnrN− cells at a low density rescues the small-territory phenotype. The predicted CnrN sequence has similarity to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which in Dictyostelium inhibits cAMP-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathways. CnrN inhibits cAMP-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate accumulation, Akt activation, actin polymerization, and cAMP production. Our results suggest that CnrN is a protein with some similarities to PTEN and that it regulates cAMP signal transduction to regulate territory size.
Choice Set Configuration as a Determinant of Preference Attribution and Strength

Despite the growing consensus that consumer preferences are often constructed when decisions are made, we still know very little about the factors that determine the strength and stability of constructed preferences. We propose that the manner in which preferences are formed has a significant effect on their strength and stability. In particular, we propose that option set configuration, asymmetric dominance versus compromise, drives the decision process and whether consumers (consciously) focus on the chosen option or the context. This, in turn, affects the resulting decision process trace, as reflected in choice stability, confidence, and attribution. The results of five studies support this proposition. Thus, the strength of constructed preferences is a function of choice problem characteristics and the construction process.
Validity and Reliability of a New Test of Upper Body Power

Clemons, JM, Campbell, B, and Jeansonne, C. Validity and reliability of a new test of upper body power. J Strength Cond Res 24(6): 1559-1565, 2010-The purpose of this study was to determine the concurrent validity of a new bench press power (BPP) test using the medicine ball put (MBP) as the criterion measure. Forty-three college-age students (19 males and 24 females) participated in the study. Participants performed 1 repetition at maximum speed using 61.4 kg (males) and 25 kg (females), at a grip width of 130% of biacromial breadth. Timing was initiated manually at the moment of upward bar movement and stopped automatically as the bar broke an infrared beam 0.3 m above the chest. All tests were conducted within 2 weeks. There was 1 practice session for the BPP test and 2 separate testing sessions, one for BPP and the other for the MBP. Three BPP trials were separated by ≥2 minutes of passive recovery. Individual scores were the average of the second and third tests and were expressed in Watts: Power = Bar mass kg·9.81·0.3m/s. Medicine ball put scores were the average distance the ball was thrown on the second and third trials from a sitting position on a 45° recumbent weight bench. Concurrent validity was determined by conducting a Pearson Correlation on BPP and MBP scores at an alpha level of 0.05: males, r = 0.861; females, r = 0.79, (p < 0.000). In addition, results of an Intraclass R indicated excellent test-retest reliability for both males and females for BPP and the MBP (p < 0.05). The conclusion was that the BPP test is a logically and concurrently valid method for coaches and trainers to use in assessing upper body power for both college-age males and females.
Economics and Social Anthropology—Reconciling Differences

This paper is the outcome of collaborative work between an economist and a social anthropologist. It explores the differences of outlook and approach between these two subjects, both in general, and in the specific context of a research project, “The Management of Cooperative Strategies,” which tests economistic hypotheses using methods largely derived from social anthropology. There remain major dissonanaces between the two subjects, but an attempt is made here to find fruitful common ground.
Representation of TU games by coalition production economies

We prove that every transferable utility (TU) game can be generated by a coalition production economy. Given a TU game, the set of Walrasian payoff vectors of the induced coalition production economy coincides with the core of the balanced cover of the given game. Therefore, a Walrasian equilibrium for the induced coalition production economy always exists. The induced coalition production economy has one output and the same number of inputs as agents. Every input is personalized and it can be interpreted as agent's labor. In a Walrasian equilibrium, every agent is permitted to work at several firms. In a Walrasian equilibrium without double-jobbing, in contrast, every agent has to work at exactly one firm. This restricted concept of a Walrasian equilibrium enables us to discuss which coalitions are formed in an equilibrium. If the cohesive cover or the completion of a given TU game is balanced, then the no-double-jobbing restriction does not matter, i.e., there exists no difference between Walrasian payoff vectors and Walrasian payoff vectors without double-jobbing.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Clinically Isolated Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain

ABSTRACT We present the draft genome assembly of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain isolated from a patient with a history of genito urinary tuberculosis. The draft genome is 7,022,546 bp with a G+C content of 65.48%. It carries 7 phage genomes, genes for quorum sensing, biofilm formation, virulence, and antibiotic resistance.
Implementing private k-means clustering using a LWE-based cryptosystem

Combining data analytics with homomorphic encryption is an interesting topic, which finds several applications in the healthcare domain because it enables clients with low computational and/or storage capacity to outsource the analysis of potentially large datasets to the cloud while protecting sensitive data from unwanted access. In this work, we propose a framework for evaluating k-means clustering using a cryptosystem based on the Learning With Errors (LWE) problem. We implemented three variants of this framework in the computer algebra system Sagemath and executed many experiments to test the performance for various values of k-means and LWE parameters.
Robust Classification of Crisis-Related Data on Social Networks Using Convolutional Neural Networks

The role of social media, in particular microblogging platforms such as Twitter, as a conduit for actionable and tactical information during disasters is increasingly acknowledged. However, time-critical analysis of big crisis data on social media streams brings challenges to machine learning techniques, especially the ones that use supervised learning. The scarcity of labeled data, particularly in the early hours of a crisis, delays the learning process. Existing classification methods require a significant amount of labeled data specific to a particular event for training plus a lot of feature engineering to achieve best results. In this work, we introduce neural network based classification methods for identifying useful tweets during a crisis situation. At the onset of a disaster when no labeled data is available, our proposed method makes the best use of the out-of-event data and achieves good results.
Outbreaks of coinfections: The critical role of cooperativity

Modeling epidemic dynamics plays an important role in studying how diseases spread, predicting their future course, and designing strategies to control them. In this letter, we introduce a model of SIR (susceptible-infected-removed) type which explicitly incorporates the effect of cooperative coinfection. More precisely, each individual can get infected by two different diseases, and an individual already infected with one disease has an increased probability to get infected by the other. Depending on the amount of this increase, we prove different threshold scenarios. Apart from the standard continuous phase transition for single-disease outbreaks, we observe continuous transitions where both diseases must coexist, but also discontinuous transitions are observed, where a finite fraction of the population is already affected by both diseases at the threshold. All our results are obtained in a mean-field model using rate equations, but we argue that they should hold also in more general frameworks.
Investigating modern release engineering practices

In my PhD research I will focus on modern release engineering practices. First, I have quantified the time and effort that is involved in stabilizing a release. I found that despite using rapid release, the Chrome and Linux projects still have a period where they rush changes into a release. Second, developers typically isolate unrelated changes on branches. However, developers at major companies, such as Google and Facebook, commit all changes to a single branch. They isolate unrelated changes using feature-flags, which allows them to disable works in progress. My goal is to empirically determine the best practices when using flags and identify dead code. Finally, I will develop tool support to manage feature flags.
Proteomics‐based investigations of animal models of disease

Cells contain a large yet, constant genome, which contains all the coding information necessary to sustain cellular physiology. However, proteins are the end products of genes, and hence dictate the phenotype of cells and tissues. Therefore, proteomics can provide key information for the elucidation of physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms by identifying the protein profile from cells and tissues. The relatively novel techniques used for the study of proteomics thus have the potential to improve diagnostic, prognostic, as well as therapeutic avenues. In this review, we first discuss the benefits of animal models over the use of human samples for the proteomic analysis of human disease. Next, we aim to demonstrate the potential of proteomics in the elucidation of disease mechanisms that may not be possible by other conventional technologies. Following this, we describe the use of proteomics for the analysis of PTM and protein interactions in animal models and their relevance to the study of human disease. Finally, we discuss the development of clinical biomarkers for the early diagnosis of disease via proteomic analysis of animal models. We also discuss the development of standard proteomes and relate how this data will benefit future proteomic research. A comprehensive review of all animal models used in conjunction with proteomics is beyond the scope of this manuscript. Therefore, we aimed to cover a large breadth of topics, which together, demonstrate the potential of proteomics as a powerful tool in biomedical research.
TOPICS OF READING RASSAGES IN ELT COURSEBOOKS: WHAT DO OUR STUDENTS REALLY READ?

_______________ The aim of this paper is to shed light on the nature of the topics of the reading passages in ELT coursebooks. To find out the content of the topics, a total number of 15 ELT coursebooks are studied by using both quantitative and qualitative measures. The discrepancies found are discussed and recommendations are made to underline the importance of topic selection in any second and foreign language teaching classroom. As for conclusion, English language teachers are invited to consider issues related to the topic selection processes in their coursebooks as they assess, choose or use them. _________________
Modelling of Collision in the Plasma Sheath and the Cathode Erosion of Electrical Arc

In order to improve many industrial applications of the plasma sheath and the cathode erosion of electrical arc, the prime objective of this paper is to treat the modelling and simulation of the effects of ions collisionality on the plasma sheath and to determine the collisional dependence of the sheath width and the ion impact energy on the wall using the Runge-Kutta Routrine on the presence or the absence of the term source in the continuity equation . Then , to explain the dependence of the measured erosion rate of the cathode by considering the cathode spot heat balance equation coupled with equation obtained from the sheath and taking into account the physical phenomena such as ion and electron fluxes, radiation, thermal conductivity and evaporation.
Analysis of a multirate sampled-data implementation of a continuous-time, sliding-mode observer/controller pair

An approach for closed-loop stability analysis of sampled-data implementations of control systems with Lipschitz-continuous non-linear elements is applied to a sliding-mode-based observer/controller pair. The stability analysis involves the evaluation of a finite horizon integral obtained from an L2 -type analysis. This results in stability constraints involving matrix inequalities. The conditions raised can be satisfied for sufficiently fast sampling. The technique allows for incorporation of multiple sampling frequencies. Two sampling frequencies have been considered for the sliding-mode controller, a fast output sampling frequency and a slower controller sampling frequency. A numerical example illustrates some characteristics of the approach.
Evidence of reading difficulty in subgroups of children with specific language impairment

The literacy abilities of 11-year old children with specific language impairment (SLI) were investigated through comparing subgroups with current expressive-only language impairment (E-SLI, n 30), current combined expressive and receptive language impairment (ER-SLI, n 32) and a history of now-resolved language impairment (Resolved-SLI, n 28). The ER-SLI subgroup performed less well than the E-SLI subgroup on measures of single word reading and reading comprehension and in turn the E-SLI subgroup performed less well than the Resolved-SLI subgroup. Further analysis of individual variation within subgroups revealed that all three subgroups had a considerable proportion of individuals with literacy difficulties. In addition, direct comparisons of E-SLI versus ER-SLI subgroups revealed the ER-SLI subgroup to have a significantly larger proportion of children with severe literacy difficulties than the E-SLI subgroup. In contrast, the Resolved-SLI subgroup had virtually no children with severe literacy difficulties. The implications of these findings for practice are discussed.
Interactive Categorization of Containers and Non-Containers by Unifying Categorizations Derived from Multiple Exploratory Behaviors

The ability to form object categories is an important milestone in human infant development. We propose a framework that allows a robot to form a unified object categorization from several interactions with objects. This framework is consistent with the principle that robot learning should be ultimately grounded in the robot's perceptual and behavioral repertoire. This paper builds upon our previous work by adding more exploratory behaviors (now 6 instead of 1) and by employing consensus clustering for finding a single, unified object categorization. The framework was tested on a container/non-container categorization task with 20 objects.
Matman : a program for the analysis of sociometric matrices and behavioural transition matrices

MatMan is a program for performing a variety of ethological analyses of frequency (interaction) matrices and transition matrices. These analyses include linear hierarchy indices for dominance matrices (APPLEBY, 1983), reorganization of a dominance matrix such that the subjects are in rank order, matrix correlation methods such as Mantel's test (MANTEL, 1967) and rowwise matrix correlation (DE VRIES, 1993), methods based on information theory (STEINBERG, 1977), and the calculation of expected and residual values in transition matrices with defined or undefined diagonal. In addition, MatMan offers some useful options for manipulating matrices. Import of matrices from The Observer (NOLDUS, 1991) and SAS is, within certain limitations, possible. Export of matrices is possible to the programs CORAN (1985), Vegrow (FRESCO, 1989), NCSS (HINTZE, 1987), SAS and SPSSPC.