Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Disparities in Maternity Care among Indian Adolescents, 1990–2006

Background India, with a population of more than 1.21 billion, has the highest maternal mortality in the world (estimated to be 56000 in 2010); and adolescent (aged 15–19) mortality shares 9% of total maternal deaths. Addressing the maternity care needs of adolescents may have considerable ramifications for achieving the Millennium Development Goal (MDG)–5. This paper assesses the socioeconomic differentials in accessing full antenatal care and professional attendance at delivery by adolescent mothers (aged 15–19) in India during 1990–2006. Methods and Findings Data from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey of India conducted during 1992–93, 1998–99, and 2005–06 were analyzed. The Cochran-Armitage and Chi-squared test for linear and non-linear time trends were applied, respectively, to understand the trend in the proportion of adolescent mothers utilizing select maternity care services during 1990–2006. Using pooled multivariate logistic regression models, the probability of select maternal healthcare utilization among women by key socioeconomic characteristics was appraised. After adjusting for potential socio-demographic and economic characteristics, the likelihood of adolescents accessing full antenatal care increased by only 4% from 1990 to 2006. However, the probability of adolescent women availing themselves of professional attendance at delivery increased by 79% during the same period. The study also highlights the desolate disparities in maternity care services among adolescents across the most and the least favoured groups. Conclusion Maternal care interventions in India need focused programs for rural, uneducated, poor adolescent women so that they can avail themselves of measures to delay child bearing, and for better antenatal consultation and delivery care in case of pregnancy. This study strongly advocates the promotion of a comprehensive ‘adolescent scheme’ along the lines of ‘Continuum of Maternal, Newborn and Child health Care’ to address the unmet need of reproductive and maternal healthcare services among adolescent women in India.
A Stochastic and Pretopological Modeling Aerial Pollution of an Urban Area

In this paper, we propose a model of aerial pollution of an urban area, the city of Ouagadougou. We develop a mathematical model of the spatial area from the pollution point of view. This model is based both on the concept of pretopological structure and the concept of random sets. The reader who is not familiar with pretopological concepts can find out all he needs on the 2 Studia Informatica Universalis. Website http://www.pretopology. net/. We review positive points of our modeling and problems remaining to be solved in view to implement efficient policies for fighting pollution. In perspective, we discuss about some perspectives of simulation with the help of MultiAgents Systems. MOTS-CLES: prétopologie, modèle aléatoire, modélisation, diffusion, pollution aérienne.
Constructive version of Boolean algebra

The notion of overlap algebra introduced by G. Sambin provides a constructive version of complete Boolean algebra. Here we first show some properties concerning overlap algebras: we prove that the notion of overlap morphism corresponds classically to that of map preserving arbitrary joins; we provide a description of atomic set-based overlap algebras in the language of formal topology, thus giving a predicative characterization of discrete locales; we show that the power-collection of a set is the free overlap algebra join-generated from the set. Then, we generalize the concept of overlap algebra and overlap morphism in various ways to provide constructive versions of the category of Boolean algebras with maps preserving arbitrary existing joins.
Efficient Mechanism Design

We study Bayesian mechanism design in situations where agents' information may be multi-dimensional, concentrating on mechanisms that lead to efficient allocations. Our main result is that a generalization of the well-known Vickrey-Clarke-Groves mechanism maximizes the planner's "revenue'' among all efficient mechanisms. This result is then used to study multiple object auctions in situations where bidders have privately known "demand curves'' and extended to include situations with complementarities across objects or externalities across bidders. We also illustrate how the main result may be used to analyze the possibility of allocating both private and public goods efficiently when budget balance considerations are important. The generalized VCG mechanism, therefore, serves to unify many results in mechansim design theory.
Simulated hemodynamics in human carotid bifurcation based on Doppler ultrasound data

Methods: Subject-specific studies based on the acquisition of a set of longitudinal and sequential cross-sectional ultrasound images and Doppler velocity measurements at common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation were performed at a university hospital. A developed simulation code of blood flow by the finite element method (FEM) that includes an adequate structured meshing of the common carotid artery bifurcation was used to investigate local flow biomechanics.
Asymptotic preserving time‐discretization of optimal control problems for the Goldstein–Taylor model

We consider the development of implicit‐explicit time integration schemes for optimal control problems governed by the Goldstein–Taylor model. In the diffusive scaling, this model is a hyperbolic approximation to the heat equation. We investigate the relation of time integration schemes and the formal Chapman–Enskog‐type limiting procedure. For the class of stiffly accurate implicit–explicit Runge–Kutta methods, the discrete optimality system also provides a stable numerical method for optimal control problems governed by the heat equation. Numerical examples illustrate the expected behavior. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1770–1784, 2014
The radio galaxy K-z relation: The $\mathsf{10^{12}}~$M$\mathsf{_\odot}$ mass limit - Masses of galaxies from the L$\mathsf{_{K}}$ luminosity, up to z $\mathsf{> 4}$

The narrow K - z relation of powerful radio galaxies in the Hubble K -band diagram is often attributed to the stellar populations of massive elliptical galaxies. Because it extends over a large range of redshifts ($0 z , used to estimate valid photometric redshifts. The baryonic mass of the initial gas cloud $M_{{\rm bar}}$ is then derived. The K - z relation is remarkably reproduced by our evolutionary scenario for elliptical galaxies of baryonic mass $M_{{\rm bar,max}} \simeq 10^{12}~M_\odot$, at all z up to $z = 4$. $M_{{\rm bar,max}}$ is also the maximum mass limit of all types of galaxies. Using another initial mass function (IMF), even a top-heavy one, does not alter our conclusions. The high value of $M_{{\rm bar,max}}$ observed at $z > 4$ implies that massive clouds were already formed at early epochs. We also find that the $M_{{\rm bar,max}}$ limit is similar to the critical mass $M_{{\rm crit}}$ of a self-gravitating cloud regulated by cooling (Rees & Ostriker [CITE]; Silk [CITE]). Moreover, the critical size $r_{{\rm crit}}\simeq 75~{\rm kpc}$ is remarkably close to the typical diameter of Ly α haloes surrounding distant radio galaxies. This confirms the validity of the method of baryonic mass determination based on the K -band luminosity. A puzzling question that remains to be answered is the short time-scale of mass-accumulation required to form such massive galaxies at $z = 4$. We discuss the dispersion of the K - z relation in terms of uncertainties on the mass limit. The link between the presence of the active nucleus and a large stellar mass is also discussed.
Investigation of Emotional Labor and Life Satisfaction Levels of Staff in Central Organization of General Directorate of Sports Services

Present study aims to investigate the emotional labor and life satisfaction levels of staff in the central organization of General Directorate of Sport Services. The population of the study consists of staff in the central organization of General Directorate of Sport Services. The sample is consisted of 276 staff determined by random sampling method. As data collection tool; to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants, a four-item ''Personal Information Form'' as well as a nine- item ''Emotional Labor Scale'' developed by Brotheridge and Lee (2003) and adapted to Turkish by Dursun et al. (2014) and ''Life Satisfaction Scale'' developed by Diener et al. (1985) and adapted to Turkish by Bekmezci and Mert (2013) were utilized in the study. In the analysis of the data, frequency, percentage (%) and median values were used. Kruskal Wallis test was used for normal distribution of data and Mann Whitney U in test non-parametric tests was used according to the results gathered. The significance level was taken as p<0,05. When the findings obtained from the study were evaluated, life satisfaction levels of GDSS staff were at medium level. At the same time, there was a significant difference in education level and working time in the profession “in the sub-dimension of hidden emotions of emotional labor dimension of staff in GDSS. Activities such as various social activities can be organized by the Institution to improve the belonging of employees and to increase the levels of emotional labor and life satisfaction.
Modeling the spatial behavior of virtual agents in groups for non-verbal communication in virtual worlds

In this paper we propose a mathematical model for the concept of Personal Space (PS) and apply it to simulate the non-verbal communication between agents in virtual worlds. Persons within a group tend to maintain the distances between each other within a certain range that maximizes their degree of comfort. These distances reflect the type of their relationship, and changes in these distances reflect the evolution over time of their relationship. Human-like autonomous virtual agents should be also equipped with such capability to simulate natural interactions in virtual worlds. First we model the space around an agent as a probability distribution function which reflects at each point in the space the importance of that point to the agent. The agent updates dynamically this function according to (1) his relation and distance to other agents in the virtual space, (2) his face orientation, and (3) the evolution of the relationship over time as a stranger agent may become a friend. We demonstrate the concept on a multi-agent platform and show that space-aware agents exhibit better natural behavior.
Design of boost-power-stage converter for PV generator interfacing

This paper investigates the benefits which can be obtained if the maximum output current of a photovoltaic (PV) generator is taken into account in the design of a boost-power-stage converter. The investigations clearly show that the benefits are smaller inductor core size and more uniform temperature distribution among the power electronic components compared to the conventional design method. It will also be shown how to make the design with small input capacitor and how to take the power decoupling into account in the design process.
An automated testing approach for inter-application security in Android

Recently, Google Android has occupied a major market share of mobile phone systems as a result of its openness for developers and richness for users. By the distribution channels of the Android market, both development and use of Android applications soar. However, the low development threshold of applications leads to weak security awareness of developers. Moreover, Android applications lack strict security standards, resulting that security crisis has become increasingly prominent. For now, an application's biggest security threat falls on its messaging mechanism between components. Once permission’s verification is neglected, it is easy to be exploited by attackers, causing immeasurable loss. We analyze the security mechanism of Android inter-application components, and accordingly construct the security rules. Specifically, a compositional approach including static and dynamic automated testing techniques is proposed to detect the security vulnerabilities caused by messaging between components. In our approach, the static part obtains rough results and some parameter information. After that, the dynamic part automatically generates attack cases for verifying these results. This approach can be used not only to discover potential weaknesses within inter-application components but also to automatically simulate attack behaviors. Thereby, the detection results’ effectiveness can be verified.
Towards population reconstruction : extraction of family relationships from historical documents

In this paper we present an approach for the automatic extraction of family relationships from a real-world collection of historical notary acts. We retrieve relationships such as husband - wife, parent - child, widow of, etc. We study two ways to deal with this problem. In our first approach, we identify all person names in a document, generate all potential candidate pairs of names and predict whether they are related to each other using classification techniques where the text fragments that occur around and between two names are sued as features. In the second approach, we train and apply a Hidden Markov Model to annotate every word in a document with an appropriate tag indicating if it is a name, a specified relationship descriptor, or neither of these. Then we look for the names connected to each other via relationship descriptors. We discuss the challenges such as processing raw data, obtaining a sufficient amount of training examples, and dealing with an imbalanced and noisy collection. We evaluate our results for each relationship type in terms of precision, recall and f - score.
An Algebraic Approach to Heterogeneous Software Systems

This report outlines a practical use of algebraic specificat on for the development of heterogeneous software systems. This kind of software mixes static, functional and dynamic aspects as in realistic examples and in some object-oriented methods. Static aspects are for example, t yp s and signatures, components and their relations and so on. Functional aspects describe some semantics for opera tions or explicit some conditions and invariants of a component in the system. Dynamic aspects are related to the so-called dynamic behaviour of a system, it is also related to concurrency and communications. Furthermo re state and behaviour of the system evolve along the time and operations may be available under some conditions. We define a methodology to extract an algebraic specification consistent with these different aspects of a s ystem. This approach is based on a symbolic transition system which mainly describes a dynamic behaviour of the sys tem and expresses some static aspects. The extraction method applies some simple principles: the use o f the finite transition system and a generator-derivation mechanism to compute conditional axioms. This approach is e xtended to concurrent and communicating systems by a notion of synchronized product. We also introduce diffe rent features (super state, structured process and viewpoint) that make the description of such systems easier to read and write.
Mosquito Cellular Factors and Functions in Mediating the Infectious entry of Chikungunya Virus

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod-borne virus responsible for recent epidemics in the Asia Pacific regions. A customized gene expression microarray of 18,760 transcripts known to target Aedes mosquito genome was used to identify host genes that are differentially regulated during the infectious entry process of CHIKV infection on C6/36 mosquito cells. Several genes such as epsin I (EPN1), epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 (EPS15) and Huntingtin interacting protein I (HIP1) were identified to be differentially expressed during CHIKV infection and known to be involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). Transmission electron microscopy analyses further revealed the presence of CHIKV particles within invaginations of the plasma membrane, resembling clathrin-coated pits. Characterization of vesicles involved in the endocytic trafficking processes of CHIKV revealed the translocation of the virus particles to the early endosomes and subsequently to the late endosomes and lysosomes. Treatment with receptor-mediated endocytosis inhibitor, monodansylcadaverine and clathrin-associated drug inhibitors, chlorpromazine and dynasore inhibited CHIKV entry, whereas no inhibition was observed with caveolin-related drug inhibitors. Inhibition of CHIKV entry upon treatment with low-endosomal pH inhibitors indicated that low pH is essential for viral entry processes. CHIKV entry by clathrin-mediated endocytosis was validated via overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant of Eps15, in which infectious entry was reduced, while siRNA-based knockdown of genes associated with CME, low endosomal pH and RAB trafficking proteins exhibited significant levels of CHIKV inhibition. This study revealed, for the first time, that the infectious entry of CHIKV into mosquito cells is mediated by the clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway.
Cognition and Behavior in Two-Person Guessing Games: An Experimental Study

This paper reports experiments that elicit subjects' initial responses to 16 dominance-solvable two-person guessing games. The structure is publicly announced except for varying payoff parameters, to which subjects are given free access, game by game, through an interface that records their information searches. Varying the parameters allows strong separation of the behavior implied by leading decision rules and makes monitoring search a powerful tool for studying cognition. Many subjects' decisions and searches show clearly that they understand the games and seek to maximize their payoffs, but have boundedly rational models of others' decisions, which lead to systematic deviations from equilibrium.
Using solution-focused brief therapy within an eco-systemic approach to support return to school following an acquired brain injury

ABSTRACT This paper describes a therapeutic intervention within an eco-systemic approach used to support a pupil’s return to school following an acquired brain injury (ABI). The outcomes suggest that there were three key facilitative factors during the reintegration back into school. These were: the psychological formulation of the individual’s needs and strengths to support a personalised approach to their reintegration; supporting and educating school staff during the individual’s reintegration; and one-to-one therapeutic work with the individual. This paper provides some preliminary support for the use of an eco-systemic model when EPs are undertaking therapeutic work in similar cases. However, as this work is based on a single case study, the findings need to be treated with caution. There is a requirement for further research to provide a more robust evidence base in order to determine the use of therapeutic approaches within an eco-systemic approach.
A digitally calibrated 64.3–66.2GHz phase-locked loop

In this paper, a 64.3-66.2 GHz digitally calibrated phase-locked loop (PLL) is presented in 0.13 mum CMOS technology. A digital calibration circuit is adopted to align the center operation frequency between the VCO and the divider. At 64.3 GHz, the measured phase noise at 1 MHz offset is 84.1 dBc/Hz. The PLL consumes 72 mW without output buffers from 1.2 V supply.
A review on handwritten character and numeral recognition for Roman, Arabic, Chinese and Indian scripts

There are a lot of intensive researches on handwritten character recognition (HCR) for almost past four decades. The research has been done on some of popular scripts such as Roman, Arabic, Chinese and Indian. In this paper we present a review on HCR work on the four popular scripts. We have summarized most of the published paper from 2005 to recent and also analyzed the various methods in creating a robust HCR system. We also added some future direction of research on HCR.
Salient Region Detection Using Patch Level and Region Level Image Abstractions

In this letter, a novel salient region detection approach is proposed. Firstly, color contrast cue and color distribution cue are computed by exploiting patch level and region level image abstractions in a unified way, where these two cues are fused to compute an initial saliency map. A simple and computationally efficient adaptive saliency refinement approach is applied to suppress saliency of background noises, and to emphasize saliency of objects uniformly. Finally, the saliency map is computed by integrating the refined saliency map with center prior map. In order to compensate different needs in speed/accuracy tradeoff, three variants of the proposed approach are also presented in this letter. The experimental results on a large image dataset show that the proposed approach achieve the best performance over several state-of-the-art approaches.
Automatic generation of dataflow-based reconfigurable co-processing units

Hardware accelerators are widely adopted to speed up computationally onerous applications. However their design is not trivial, especially if multiple applications/kernels need to be served. To this aim the Multi-Dataflow Composer (MDC) tool can be adopted to generate the internal computing core of flexible and reconfigurable hardware accelerators. Nevertheless, MDC is not able, as it is, to deploy ready to use accelerators. To address this lack, we conceived a fully automated design flow for coarse-grained reconfigurable and memory-mapped hardware accelerators, which required: a) the definition of a generic co-processing template, the Template Interface Layer; b) the extension of the MDC tool to characterize such a template and deploy the accelerators. This methodology represents, within MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding studies, the first framework for the automatic generation of reconfigurable hardware accelerators and, as it will be discussed, it may be beneficial also in other contexts of execution with fairly limited adjustments. Results validated the proposed approach in a real use case scenario, comparing the automatically generated co-processor with a previous custom one.
UQBE: uncertain query by example for web service mashup

The UQBE is a mashup tool for non-programmers that supports query-by-example (QBE) over a schema made up by the user without knowing the schema of the original sources. Based on automated schema matching with uncertainty, the UQBE system returns the best confident results. The system lets the user refine them interactively. A tuple in the query result is associated with lineage that is a boolean formula over schema matching decisions representing underlying conditions on which the corresponding tuple is included in the result. Given binary feedbacks on tuples by the user, which are possibly imprecise, the system solves it as an optimization problem to refine confidence values of matching decisions. The demo features graphical user interaction on the UQBE system, including querying and refinement.
Packet dropping statistics of a data-link protocol for wireless local communications

We consider a data transmission system over a wireless channel, where packets are queued at the transmitter ARQ is employed as the error control scheme, by which packets corrupted due to channel impairments are immediately retransmitted. We study the statistics of the packet dropping process due to buffer overflow. In particular, we propose a Markov approximation to model such losses. The delay performance of the packets which are admitted to the queue is also studied.