Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissociation Between Metabolic and Efficiency Effects of Perhexiline in Normoxic Rat Myocardium

The antianginal agent perhexiline inhibits rat cardiac carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and CPT-2, key enzymes for mitochondrial transport of long-chain fatty acids. We tested the hypothesis that perhexiline, in therapeutic concentrations (2 μM), inhibits palmitate oxidation and enhances glucose oxidation in isolated rat cardiomyocytes and in the working rat heart, thereby increasing efficiency of oxygen utilization. In isolated cardiomyocytes, perhexiline (2 μM) exerted no acute effects on palmitate oxidation, but after 48 hours pre-exposure oxidation was inhibited by perhexiline (2 to 10 μM) by 15% to 35% (P < 0.0002). In non-ischemic working rat hearts (3%BSA, 0.4 mM palmitate, 11 mM glucose, 100 μU/mL insulin) perhexiline (2 μM) had no significant acute effect on cardiac efficiency, palmitate or glucose oxidation, but 24 hours pretreatment with transdermal perhexiline increased cardiac work (by 29%, P < 0.05) and cardiac efficiency (by 30%, P < 0.02) without significant effects on palmitate oxidation. The selective CPT-1 inhibitor oxfenicine (2 mM) inhibited palmitate oxidation and enhanced glucose oxidation, but failed to enhance cardiac efficiency. In conclusion, in the non-ischemic working rat heart, perhexiline increases myocardial efficiency by a mechanism(s) that is largely or entirely independent of its effects on CPT. Effects on cardiac efficiency during ischemia, and with changes in fatty acid oxidation after longer perhexiline pretreatment remain to be determined.
An intelligent computational finance model for microstructure-based trading system

The advancement of information technology in the financial environments have been characterized by fast market-driven events that prompt flash decision making and actions issued by computer algorithms. As a result, today's markets experience intense activity in the highly dynamic environment where trading systems respond to others at a pace much faster than it would take for a human trader to make a decision. This new breed of technology involves the implementation of high-speed trading strategies that have generated significant portion of activity in the financial markets and thus presenteds researchers with a wealth of information not available in traditional low-frequency datasets. In this study, we aim at developing feasible computational intelligence methodologies, particularly genetic algorithms (GA), to shed light on high-speed trading research using the market microstructure price data. Our results show that the proposed GA-based model is able to improve the accuracy of the prediction for price movement on the microscopic level, and we expect this GA-based method to advance the current state of research for high-speed trading.
The Design of an Automotive Anti-Drunk Driving System to Guarantee the Uniqueness of Driver

— an automotive anti-drunk driving system with real-time monitoring is introduced. The system guarantees the uniqueness of the driver by combining the function of alcohol detection and face identification system, putting forward the design of combination of the alcohol main detection and the image processing auxiliary surveillance. It can eradicate the fraudulent conduct that drunk driving and driver changing. It solved the problem that current automotive alcohol detecting system can not ensure the uniqueness of the driver, and further improved the safety of the car.
Domain Models Schemas : A Semantic Web Perspective

In Semantic web, domain model is an abstract image of a small part of the world. It serves to capture the common understanding of the domain to create a basis for clear communication. This paper performs a study clarifying the different domain modeling types to help the individual interested by this topic to gain new insights and gudlines. In this paper, after a general introduction about the basis of ontologies and its components, a description of the most common domain modeling schema and a comparison between them has given.
Street Children's Experiences of Aggression during Interaction with Police

The research investigated street children's experiences of aggression during interaction with police. The participants were 16 black male street children (aged =13 to 18 years) residing in a temporary shelter in Hillbrow of Johannesburg. Data were collected through phenomenological individual interviews, drawings and group interviews. Street children experienced aggression during interaction with police in a variety of ways which included physical abuse, verbal abuse accompanied by threats, and sexual abuse. Street children associated these experiences of police aggression with negative feelings such as fear, a sense of hopelessness and uncertainty, abandonment/rejection, sadness, loss of trust, disillusionment and intense resentment/vengeance. Life skills facilitation and peer support program could assist these children to interact with the police in healthier ways.
Parsing German Topological Fields with Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars

Parsing German Topological Fields with Probabilistic Conte xt-Free Grammars Jackie Chi Kit Cheung M. Sc. Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 2009 Syntactic analysis is useful for many natural language proc essing applications requiring further semantic analysis. Recent research in statistical pars ing has produced a number of highperformance parsers using probabilistic context-free (PCF G) models to parse English text, such as (Collins, 2003; Charniak and Johnson, 2005). Problems aris e, however, when applying these methods to parse sentences in freer-word-order langu ages. Such languages as Russian, Warlpiri, and German feature syntactic constructions that produce discontinuous constituents, directly violating one of the crucial assumptions of contex t-free models of syntax. While PCFG technologies may thus be inadequate for full syntac tic nalysis of all phrasal structure in these languages, clausal structure can still b e fruitfully parsed with these methods. In particular, we examine applying PCFG parsing to parse the topological fieldstructure of German. These topological fields provide a high-level descr iption of the major sections of a clause in relation to the clausal main verb and the subordina ting heads and appear in strict linear sequences amenable to PCFG parsing. They are useful fo r tasks such as deep syntactic analysis, part-of-speech tagging and coreference resolut ion. In this work, we apply an unlexicalized, latent variable-ba sed parser (Petrov et al., 2006) to topological field parsing, and achieve state-of-the-art pa rsing results on two German newspaper corpora without any languageor model-dependent adaptati on. We perform a qualitative error analysis of the parser output , and identify constructions like ellipses and parentheticals as the chief sources of remaini ng error. This is confirmed by a
Integrating preference based weighted sum into evolutionary multi-objective optimization

Most of the recent studies on evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) focus on finding the whole set of Pareto optimal solutions. In practice, the users are normally interested in some regions of Pareto front which satisfy their preferences and an ultimate decision making process may be dominated by several decision makers. In this paper, we integrate the weighted sum model of preferences into EMO algorithms to guide the search towards the pertinent regions of interest to decision makers. The proposed method can obtain multiple sub-regions corresponding to each decision maker in a single run. On a number of test problems we show that the proposed algorithm efficiently guides the population towards the interesting regions, with which a better and a more reliable decision can be made.
A skinning approach for dynamic 3D mesh compression

This paper proposes a novel approach for 3D mesh compression, based on a skinning animation technique. The core of the proposed method is a piecewise affine predictor coupled with a skinning model and a DCT representation of the residuals errors. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed skinning‐based encoder outperforms (with bitrates gains from 47% to 67%) GV, RT, MPEG‐4/AFX‐IC, D3DMC, PCA and Dynapack techniques. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A digitally assisted analog cancellation system at RF frequencies for improving the isolation performance of a ceramic duplexer

In order to reduce the isolation performance requirement of a duplexer in an FDD transceiver, this paper presents a TX leakage cancellation technique that is digitally controlled, operates at RF frequencies and is designed to suppress the in-band leakage with respect to the RX band. Not only the attenuation and phase, but also the delays are optimized by using the proposed MADF-DC estimation technique. In order to demonstrate the concept, the cancellation system with a ceramic duplexer is prototyped using dedicated components for the transceiver test bench that uses a ceramic duplexer. The design bandwidth of the system is 35 MHz at the centre frequency of 897.5 MHz. More than 11 dB and 20 dB of cancellation have been achieved by measurement and simulation, respectively.
Arterial Wave Reflections and Survival in End-Stage Renal Failure

The increased effect of arterial wave reflections on central arteries like the common carotid artery seen in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) patients favors myocardial hypertrophy and oxygen consumption and alters coronary blood flow distribution. Nevertheless, the impact of wave reflection on the outcome and end points such as mortality remains to be demonstrated. One hundred eighty ESRF patients (age, 54±16 years) were monitored for 52±36 months (mean±SD). Seventy deaths, including 40 cardiovascular (CV) and 30 non-CV events, occurred. At entry, patients, in addition to standard clinical and biochemical analyses, underwent aortic pulse wave velocity measurement and determination of arterial wave reflexion by applanation tonometry on the common carotid artery that was expressed as augmentation index. Cox analyses demonstrated that predictors of all-cause and CV mortality were age, aortic pulse wave velocity, low diastolic blood pressure, preexisting CV disease, and increased augmentation index, whereas the prescription of an ACE inhibitor had a favorable effect on survival. After adjustment for all confounding factors, the risk ratio for each 10% increase in augmentation index was 1.51 (95% confidence interval, 1.23 to 1.86;P <0.0001) for all-cause mortality and 1.48 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 1.90;P <0.0001) for CV mortality. These results provide the first direct evidence that in ESRF patients increased effect of arterial wave reflections is an independent predictor of all-cause and CV mortality.
Truth, Belief, and Inquiry: A New Theory of Knowledge

Author(s): Fleming, Forrest Shoup. | Abstract: My dissertation lies at the philosophical intersection of the American pragmatist tradition and contemporary epistemology. By treating truth, justification, and belief as matters of degree, I develop a measure of knowledge that captures all of our fundamental intuitions while providing answers to the problems of epistemic luck, skepticism, and scientific pessimism. Traditionally, knowledge is understood as justified true belief that is not due to luck. My project follows this general outline. First, I describe the pragmatist understanding of truth first articulated by Charles Sanders Peirce in the late nineteenth century. My first chapter offers Peirce's understanding of truth as the best explanation of our intuitive understanding of what it is for a proposition to be the case and shows how we can understand Peirce's theory as compatible with contemporary theories of truth. In my second chapter, I develop a theory of belief such that an agent believes a proposition when she acts as if that proposition were a rule governing her behavior. On this view, beliefs are theoretical entities posited to make sense of other agents' actions. Following this account of belief, I describe what it is for a belief to be true and argue that sense of truth in which beliefs are true is best understood as an approximation of the full descriptive truth. My third, fourth, and fifth chapters are an account of justification. Chapter 3 is a descriptive account of synchronic justification: we all reject or accept propositions in accordance with maximizing the coherence of our belief-networks. Chapters 4 and 5 articulate and then defend a new measure of diachronic justification, which is a measure of the degree to which a belief is appropriately revisable and therefore embeddable in an ongoing process of fallibilist inquiry. I develop a novel formal quantification of methodological justification and show that it gives plausible results when applied to popular cases. My final chapter brings justification, truth, and belief together into a scalar knowledge measure. I locate my theory in ongoing epistemic inquiry, describing its conceptual advantages over rival theories as well as its ability to replicate their successes.
Bringing impressionism to life with neural style transfer in Come Swim

Neural Style Transfer is a striking, recently-developed technique that uses neural networks to artistically redraw an image in the style of a source style image. This paper explores the use of this technique in a production setting, applying Neural Style Transfer to redraw key scenes in Come Swim in the style of the impressionistic painting that inspired the film. We present a case study on how the technique can be driven within the framework of an iterative creative process to achieve a desired look and propose a mapping of the broad parameter space to a key set of creative controls. We hope this study can provide insights for others who wish to use the technique in a production setting and guide priorities for future research.
Recommendations for the presentation of NMR structures of proteins and nucleic acids.

The recommendations presented here are designed to support easier communication of NMR data and NMR structures of proteins and nucleic acids through unified nomenclature and reporting standards. Much of this document pertains to the reporting of data in journal articles; however, in the interest of the future development of structural biology, it is desirable that the bulk of the reported information be stored in computer-accessible form and be freely accessible to the scientific community in standardized formats for data exchange. These recommendations stem from an IUPAC-IUBMB-IUPAB inter-union venture with the direct involvement of ICSU and CODATA. The Task Group has reviewed previous formal recommendations and has extended them in the light of more recent developments in the field of biomolecular NMR spectroscopy. Drafts of the recommendations presented here have been examined critically by more than 50 specialists in the field and have gone through two rounds of extensive modification to incorporate suggestions and criticisms.
An adaptive receiver for space-time trellis codes based on per-survivor processing

An adaptive receiver based on per-survivor processing is proposed for detecting space-time trellis codes transmitted over time-selective flat-fading channels, and its performance is examined through simulations. Results suggest that the new receiver can outperform iterative approaches based on Kalman filtering and the expectation-maximization algorithm, at the cost of increased receiver complexity.
Depression, psychotropic medication, and risk of myocardial infarction. Prospective data from the Baltimore ECA follow-up.

BACKGROUND There is suggestive evidence that depression increases risk of myocardial infarction (MI), but there are no prospective studies in which the measure of depression corresponds to clinical criteria. This study examines prospectively whether a major depressive episode increases the risk of incident MI and evaluates the role of psychotropic medication use in this relationship. METHODS AND RESULTS The study is based on a follow-up of the Baltimore cohort of the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, a survey of psychiatric disorders in the general population. A history of major depressive episode, dysphoria (2 weeks of sadness), and psychotropic medication use were assessed in 1981, and self-reported MI was assessed in 1994. Sixty-four MIs were reported among 1551 respondents free of heart trouble in 1981. Compared with respondents with no history of dysphoria, the odds ratio for MI associated with a history of dysphoria was 2.07 (95% CI, 1.16 to 3.71), and the odds ratio associated with a history of major depressive episode was 4.54 (95% CI, 1.65 to 12.44), independent of coronary risk factors. In multivariate models, use of barbiturates, meprobamates, phenothiazines, and lithium was associated with an increased risk of MI, whereas use of tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines was not. Among individuals with no history of dysphoria, only lithium use was significantly associated with MI. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that a history of dysphoria and a major depressive episode increase the risk of MI. The association between psychotropic medication use and MI is probably a reflection of the primary relationship between depression and MI.
The negative association of BMI with classroom effort in elementary school children

This study was designed to evaluate the association between BMI and classroom effort in third to fifth grade, ages seven through 12. Teachers, completely blinded and unaware of the study at the time of their classroom evaluations, provided reports of academic performance and effort. Boys and girls (n = 45), which are members of an ethnically diverse community, participated. In addition to classroom measures, height, weight, and percentage body fat were evaluated. A multiple regression model controlling for ethnicity, gender, and age revealed that increasing BMI scores had little association with academic performance but effort scores decreased significantly as BMI increased. This is the first study to show that elevations in BMI in children are associated with decreasing effort in an academic setting. Thus, BMI associated reductions in effort may result in suboptimal levels of performance in the academic setting as well as in other aspects of life.
Evaluation of serum concentrations achieved with an empiric once-daily tobramycin dosage regimen in children and adults with cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES To assess the ability of an empiric once-daily dosing (ODD) tobramycin regimen to achieve desired serum concentrations in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF); to determine an optimal dosage regimen, using pharmacodynamic parameters; and to evaluate clinical response, adverse effects, and patient/parent satisfaction with ODD. METHODS This was a prospective single-center trial in patients with CF who are 5 years of age and older requiring intravenous antibiotics. Tobramycin, 10 mg/kg every 24 hours, was infused over 60 minutes, and two serum concentrations were analyzed using 1-compartment pharmacokinetic modeling. Simulations were performed to identify dosage regimens that maximized desired pharmacodynamic parameters. Other data included demographics, symptoms, spirometry, adverse events, and satisfaction with ODD. RESULTS A total of 14 children and 11 adults completed the study. Empiric doses resulted in mean peak tobramycin concentrations of 28.7 ± 5.5 mg/L and undetectable trough concentrations. Only 42% of patients achieved desired peak serum concentrations (20-30 mg/L) with the empiric regimen. A regimen of 12 mg/kg every 24 hours would achieve modified pharmacodynamic goals with an acceptable peak range of 20 to 35 mg/L. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second improved in 15 of 20 (75%) patients with ODD. Two patients experienced reversible vestibular adverse effects attributed to tobramycin. All patients were satisfied or very satisfied with ODD because of convenience and ease of use. CONCLUSIONS An empiric tobramycin regimen of 10 mg/kg every 24 hours did not achieve desired serum concentrations for most patients, although all patients demonstrated clinical improvement. Desired tobramycin concentrations with modified pharmacodynamic goals could be achieved by using an empiric dosage of 12 mg/kg every 24 hours. Prospective evaluation of this regimen with individualized patient monitoring is needed to ensure safety and efficacy and to monitor the effects on microbial resistance patterns.
The Rep Protein of Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Interacts with Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Proteins That Enhance Viral Replication

ABSTRACT Adeno-associated virus (AAV) type 2 is a human parvovirus whose replication is dependent upon cellular proteins as well as functions supplied by helper viruses. The minimal herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) proteins that support AAV replication in cell culture are the helicase-primase complex of UL5, UL8, and UL52, together with the UL29 gene product ICP8. We show that AAV and HSV-1 replication proteins colocalize at discrete intranuclear sites. Transfections with mutant genes demonstrate that enzymatic functions of the helicase-primase are not essential. The ICP8 protein alone enhances AAV replication in an in vitro assay. We also show localization of the cellular replication protein A (RPA) at AAV centers under a variety of conditions that support replication. In vitro assays demonstrate that the AAV Rep68 and Rep78 proteins interact with the single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (ssDBPs) of Ad (Ad-DBP), HSV-1 (ICP8), and the cell (RPA) and that these proteins enhance binding and nicking of Rep proteins at the origin. These results highlight the importance of intranuclear localization and suggest that Rep interaction with multiple ssDBPs allows AAV to replicate under a diverse set of conditions.
Multiplex human papillomavirus serology based on in situ-purified glutathione s-transferase fusion proteins.

BACKGROUND More than 100 different human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can cause proliferative diseases, many of which are malignant, such as cervical cancer. HPV serology is complex because infection and disease lead to distinct type-specific antibody responses. Using bead-based technology, we have developed an assay platform that allows the simultaneous detection of antibodies against up to 100 in situ affinity-purified recombinant HPV proteins. METHODS Twenty-seven HPV proteins were expressed as glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins and affinity-purified in one step by incubation of glutathione-displaying beads in bacterial lysate. Spectrally distinct bead sets, each carrying one particular antigen, were mixed, incubated with serum, and differentiated in a flow cytometer-like analyzer (xMAP; Luminex Corp). Antibodies bound to the antigens were detected via fluorescent secondary reagents. We studied 756 sera from 2 case-control studies of cervical cancer. RESULTS Glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins bound with high affinity to glutathione-displaying beads (Kd = 6.9 x 10(-9) mol/L). The dynamic range of multiplex serology covered 1.5 orders of magnitude, and antibodies were detected at serum dilutions >1:1,000,000. Imprecision (median CV) was < or = 5.4%, and assay reproducibility was high (R2 = 0.97). Results on clinical samples showed high concordance with ELISA (kappa = 0.846), but multiplex serology exhibited increased detection of weak antibody responses. Antibodies to the E6 oncoproteins of the rare HPV types 52 and 58 were associated with cervical cancer (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Multiplex serology enables antibody analyses of large numbers of sera against up to 100 antigens in parallel and has the potential to replace ELISA technology.