Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of windowing mechanisms with infinite-state stochastic Petri nets

In this paper we present a performance evaluation of windowing mechanisms in world-wide web applications. Previously, such mechanisms have been studied by means of measurements only, however, given suitable tool support, we show that such evaluations can also be performed conveniently using infinite-state stochastic Petri nets. We briefly present this class of stochastic Petri nets as well as the approach for solving the underlying infinite-state Markov chain using matrix-geometric methods. We then present a model of the TCP slow-start congestion avoidance mechanism, subject to a (recently published) typical worldwide web workload. The model is parameterized using measurement data for a national connection and an overseas connection. Our study shows how the maximum congestion window size, the connection release timeout and the packet loss probability influence the expected number of buffered segments at the server, the connection setup rate and the connection time.
Issues in emotion-oriented computing – towards a shared understanding

Emotion-oriented computing is a broad research area involving many disciplines. The network of excellence HUMAINE is currently making a co-ordinated effort to come to a shared understanding of the issues involved, and to propose exemplary research methods in the various areas. This overview paper presents a proposed “map” of the research area, distinguishing core technologies from application-oriented and psychologically oriented work. Current research issues in the various areas are briefly outlined, and references for further reading are given. 1 A map of research in emotion-oriented computing Creating competent emotion-oriented systems is a large scale challenge. The European Network of Excellence HUMAINE (HUman-MAchine Interaction Network on Emotions) was established to prepare the scientific and technological ground for this task, with funding from the EU IST programme from 2004 to 2007. A first challenge was to agree on a suitable dissection into thematic areas and to determine their links [1]. Figure 1 summarizes our current understanding. The central column represents the areas where purely technological challenges loom largest. Detection and synthesis are distinguished because the background technologies used are very different. ‘Planning action’ involves modelling action patterns that might be expected in a particular emotional state, either for driving an artificial agent or for anticipating a human’s action tendencies in a given state. The left hand column deals with issues where application is most obviously of concern. Emotion-related usability issues are more difficult to address than task-oriented ones, because emotional responses are subtle and easily disrupted by interventions that are meant to measure them. Iterative user-centered design methods are used for tuning a system to non-rational preferences and dispositions in the user. Work on emotion in complex media is treated separately because the perspective towards applications in the relatively near future requires a different approach than the core technologies in the central column. The right hand column contains the sub-areas with the strongest roots in psychology. We distinguish theory and empirical data, because existing theory is informed by different kinds of data than what seems relevant for emotionoriented computing. As a result, there are creative tensions between that kind of
WHAT MOTIVATES PEOPLE TO TEACH, AND WHY DO THEY LEAVE? ACCOUNTABILITY, PERFORMATIVITY AND TEACHER RETENTION

ABSTRACT A longstanding problem in the teacher workforce, internationally and in the UK, is the continuing and substantial numbers of qualified teachers who leave the profession within five years. This paper uses data collected from a survey to the last five years of teacher education graduates of UCL Institute of Education (IOE) in London, to explore what originally motivated them to teach, and the reasons why they have left or may consider leaving in the future. We discovered that despite claiming to be aware of the challenges of workload before entering teaching, workload was the most frequently cited reason for having left, or for leaving in the future. The data spoke to the reality of teaching being worse than expected, and the nature (rather than the quantity) of the workload, linked to notions of performativity and accountability, being a crucial factor. This paper draws on a substantial new source of data and explores reasons for leaving in the context of reported initial motivation of individuals who have left teaching, individuals who are planning to leave and individuals who are planning to stay in teaching.
Separation and identification of indene–C70 bisadduct isomers

Following an initial work on the isolation of a single geometric isomer from an indene–C70 bisadduct (IC70BA) mixture, we report the full fractionation and identification of the bisadduct species in the material. Eleven fractions of IC70BA isomers were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. A number of fractions contained relatively pure isomer species and their configuration were deduced using a variety of analytical techniques including 1H and 13C NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties and the organic solar cell device performance were investigated for fractions where a reasonable quantity of sample could be isolated.
Model-Based Reasoning for Domain Modeling , Explanation Generation and Animation in an ITS to help Students Learn C + +

We have been developing an Intelligent Tutoring System to teach students to analyze and debug C++ programs for semantic and run-time errors. In this tutor, we have used Model-Based Reasoning for domain modeling and explanation generation. In addition, we plan to use it for program animation. In this paper, we will present our design of the tutor, and results from evaluating one instance of the tutor in several sections of our Computer Science II course.
The effect of short-term educational travel programs on environmental citizenship

Short-term study abroad is the fastest growing area of international education and there is increasing interest in the role of modified applications of this form (e.g. faculty-led, field/environmental, and/or educational travel) in influencing global citizenship. Using an empirical database of over 650 students registered for a study abroad course in sustainable development offered in Australia and New Zealand, we explore the effect of short-term educational travel programs on environmental citizenship. We also identify differences among key student characteristics (past study abroad experience, gender, and program destination) in influencing citizenry. Results show that participation in the educational travel program significantly moderates (decreases) the difference in environmental citizenship scores for first-timers (vs. those with past experience in study abroad) and program destination, but increases the difference in environmental citizenship for males vs. females. Implications for destination image and national brand marketing of environmental-oriented educational travel programs are discussed.
Validation of Analytic Methods for Biomarkers Used in Drug Development

The role of biomarkers in drug discovery and development has gained precedence over the years. As biomarkers become integrated into drug development and clinical trials, quality assurance and, in particular, assay validation become essential with the need to establish standardized guidelines for analytic methods used in biomarker measurements. New biomarkers can revolutionize both the development and use of therapeutics but are contingent on the establishment of a concrete validation process that addresses technology integration and method validation as well as regulatory pathways for efficient biomarker development. This perspective focuses on the general principles of the biomarker validation process with an emphasis on assay validation and the collaborative efforts undertaken by various sectors to promote the standardization of this procedure for efficient biomarker development.
A Taxonomy of Orthogonal Properties of Software Architectures

There are several suggestions regarding the definition of the term software architecture. Yet discussions concerning the subject are ambiguous. This leads to unclear discussions and slow scientific progress. This paper suggests a coherent set of properties a Taxonomy of Orthogonal Properties of Software Architecture (TOPSA) that enables more precise communication within the software architecture domain. The TOPSA has been empirically validated by using it during an industrial development project. The paper shows some uses of the TOPSA in education and system development. It is concluded that the TOPSA is applicable for a wide range of uses. The TOPSA sharpens the conceptual tools available in the domain, resulting in more precise preservation, retrieval and use of knowledge within the software architecture domain (Less)
Simultaneous enhance text clustering and annotation based on topic model and random walks

Web page clustering and annotation promise improved search and browsing on the web, which has received significant attention in the past, however, most approaches have been targeted at only one of the two issues. In this paper, we address text clustering and annotation as a joint problem and show how the two enhance each other. We first present a topic model, via which we construct an association graph including tags, document and topics, then we perform random walks over the graph and achieve clustering and annotation simultaneously. We examine the performance of our model on a real-world data sampled from del.icio. us and ODP, illustrating that our model provides improved annotation and clustering performance over two strong baseline models.
Potential Inhibitors for Isocitrate Lyase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Non-M. tuberculosis: A Summary

Isocitrate lyase (ICL) is the first enzyme involved in glyoxylate cycle. Many plants and microorganisms are relying on glyoxylate cycle enzymes to survive upon downregulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In fact, ICL is a potential drug target for MTB in dormancy. With the urge for new antitubercular drug to overcome tuberculosis treat such as multidrug resistant strain and HIV-coinfection, the pace of drug discovery has to be increased. There are many approaches to discovering potential inhibitor for MTB ICL and we hereby review the updated list of them. The potential inhibitors can be either a natural compound or synthetic compound. Moreover, these compounds are not necessary to be discovered only from MTB ICL, as it can also be discovered by a non-MTB ICL. Our review is categorized into four sections, namely, (a) MTB ICL with natural compounds; (b) MTB ICL with synthetic compounds; (c) non-MTB ICL with natural compounds; and (d) non-MTB ICL with synthetic compounds. Each of the approaches is capable of overcoming different challenges of inhibitor discovery. We hope that this paper will benefit the discovery of better inhibitor for ICL.
White grief, happy friendship: Jane Goodale and emotional anthropological research

ABSTRACT In the 1950s, anthropologist Jane Goodale had bright hopes for her informant Happy Cook, an Aboriginal girl from the Tiwi Islands in North Australia, who she considered constrained by paternalistic government policies. Goodale was devastated witnessing Cook’s suffering over following decades. Looking at Goodale’s feelings of friendship turned to grief over the second half of the twentieth century, this article reveals a crisis of self-understanding among researchers in late twentieth-century Australia. This grief, originally private for Goodale, became increasingly public and performed in white anthropologists’ discourse as they wrote on Aboriginal communities’ experience. Goodale later concluded that this supposedly new era was, in many ways, similar to what had come before, a conclusion that brought on a grief shared by many of her generation. Her experience reveals how ethnographers’ subjective dilemmas and their performances of anti-racism through friendship shifted as they entered what they hoped to be a post-colonial context.
D-brane dynamics near compactified NS5-branes

We examine the dynamics of a Dp-brane in the background of k coincident, parallel NS5-branes which have had one of their common transverse directions compactified. We find that for small energy, bound orbits can exist at sufficiently large distances compared to the compactification radius. The orbits are dependent upon the energy density, angular momentum and electric field. The analysis breaks down at radial distances comparable with the compactification radius and we must resort to using a modified form of the harmonic function in this region.
Multiscale AM-FM Methods for Diabetic Retinopathy Lesion Detection

In this paper, we propose the use of multiscale amplitude-modulation-frequency-modulation (AM-FM) methods for discriminating between normal and pathological retinal images. The method presented in this paper is tested using standard images from the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study. We use 120 regions of 40 × 40 pixels containing four types of lesions commonly associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and two types of normal retinal regions that were manually selected by a trained analyst. The region types included microaneurysms, exudates, neovascularization on the retina, hemorrhages, normal retinal background, and normal vessels patterns. The cumulative distribution functions of the instantaneous amplitude, the instantaneous frequency magnitude, and the relative instantaneous frequency angle from multiple scales are used as texture feature vectors. We use distance metrics between the extracted feature vectors to measure interstructure similarity. Our results demonstrate a statistical differentiation of normal retinal structures and pathological lesions based on AM-FM features. We further demonstrate our AM-FM methodology by applying it to classification of retinal images from the MESSIDOR database. Overall, the proposed methodology shows significant capability for use in automatic DR screening.
Multipitch Analysis with Harmonic Nonnegative Matrix Approximation

This paper presents a new approach to multipitch analysis by utilizing the Harmonic Nonnegative Matrix Approximation, a harmonically-constrained and penalized version of the Nonnegative Matrix Approximation (NNMA) method. It also includes a description of a note onset, offset and amplitude retrieval procedure based on that technique. Compared with the previous NNMA approaches, specific initialization of the basis matrix is employed – the basis matrix is initialized with zeros everywhere but at positions corresponding to harmonic frequencies of consequent notes of the equal temperament scale. This results in the basis containing nothing but harmonically structured vectors, even after the learning process, and the activity matrix’s rows containing peaks corresponding to note onset times and amplitudes. Furthermore, additional penalties of mutual uncorrelation and sparseness of rows are placed upon the activity matrix. The proposed method is able to uncover the underlying musical structure better than the previous NNMA approaches and makes the note detection process very straightforward.
A Subcategorization Frames Acquisition System for French Verbs

This paper presents a system intended to automatically acquire subcategorization frames (SCFs) of verbs from the analysis of large corpora. The system has been applied to a newspaper corpus (made of 10 years of the French newspaper Le Monde) and acquired subcategorization information for 3267 verbs. 286 SCFs were dynamically learnt for these verbs. From the analysis of 25 representative verbs, we obtained 0.83 precision, 0.59 recall and 0.69 F-measure. These results are comparable with those reported in recent work.
Perceived inter-parental conflict and aggression among adolescents: Moderating role of optimism and pessimism

Objective: The present study aimed to explore the moderating role of optimism and pessimism on the relationship of perceived inter-parental conflict and aggression among adolescents. Adolescents are distinct group to study, as they are free from societal pressures to act in certain ways. Thus, present study is planned to study the role of optimism-pessimism in adolescent’s personality how this orientation contributes in perceiving inter-parental conflict. Differences regarding demographic variables like gender are also explored on inter-parental conflict, aggression and optimism-pessimism.
Template music transcription for different types of musical instruments

Automatically recovering the musical notation for a given signal allows reproducing and modifying the original performance. Music transcription can be considered as extracting the sequence of the notes that best models our audio signal. So it is understood as the process of analyzing a music signal in order to write down the parameters of the sounds occurring in it. Another principal application is structured audio coding: a MIDI-like representation which is highly compact but holds on to the identification and characteristics of a musical note to a significant extent. The applied notation can be the traditional musical notation which gives sufficient information for performing the piece using the available musical instruments. Automatic Music Transcription (extracting musical notes from an audio stream) is a complicated task due to the complexity of musical sounds that requires an effective solution. The scope of this article is in the automatic transcription of the harmonic and melodic parts of the real-world music signals. Algorithms are proposed that address two distinct sub-problems of music transcription. The main part of the article emphasizes the estimation of the several concurrent musical notes. The other sub-problem discusses musical meter estimation. This has to do with rhythmic aspects of music and refers to the estimation of the regular pattern of strong and weak beats in a piece of music. Signal processing methods for the automatic transcription of music are developed in this paper.
Instructional Cohorts and Learning: Ironic Uses of a Social System

This research explored the organizational nature of cohorts with particular focus on the relation between structural factors, including conventions, culture, power, and unintended learning. An in-depth case study of a cohort project team of educational leadership students led to identification of four major themes. Students employed a product-centered orientation that blurred distinctions between learning and performance. This orientation was a consequence of recipes for action appropriated by students from other institutions, conditions of action (including deadlines imposed by instructors), and structural rules the team constructed to guide its work. Implications for instructional practice are identified.
Herding in open source software development: an exploratory study

In spite of the lack of organizational control, a large number of these self-organized groups have successfully developed high quality software in open source software projects. We examined the process through which coordinated action emerges from the collection of individual developers' choices, i.e., how bottom-up coordination occurs and argue that developer herding on a social coding platform may have a positive impact on OSSD outcomes. As an exploratory study, we analyzed the participation patterns in 10 randomly sampled OSSD projects on a social open source code foundry, Github. Based on the findings we generate theoretical propositions regarding developer herding behavior in OSSD.
Network-based Phenome-Genome Association Prediction by Bi-Random Walk

Motivation The availability of ontologies and systematic documentations of phenotypes and their genetic associations has enabled large-scale network-based global analyses of the association between the complete collection of phenotypes (phenome) and genes. To provide a fundamental understanding of how the network information is relevant to phenotype-gene associations, we analyze the circular bigraphs (CBGs) in OMIM human disease phenotype-gene association network and MGI mouse phentoype-gene association network, and introduce a bi-random walk (BiRW) algorithm to capture the CBG patterns in the networks for unveiling human and mouse phenome-genome association. BiRW performs separate random walk simultaneously on gene interaction network and phenotype similarity network to explore gene paths and phenotype paths in CBGs of different sizes to summarize their associations as predictions. Results The analysis of both OMIM and MGI associations revealed that majority of the phenotype-gene associations are covered by CBG patterns of small path lengths, and there is a clear correlation between the CBG coverage and the predictability of the phenotype-gene associations. In the experiments on recovering known associations in cross-validations on human disease phenotypes and mouse phenotypes, BiRW effectively improved prediction performance over the compared methods. The constructed global human disease phenome-genome association map also revealed interesting new predictions and phenotype-gene modules by disease classes.
Designing a program evaluation for a medical‐dental service for adults with autism and intellectual disabilities using the RE‐AIM framework

Robust evaluation of service models can improve the quality and efficiency of care while articulating the models for potential replication. Even though it is an essential part of learning health systems, evaluations that benchmark and sustain models serving adults with developmental disabilities are lacking, impeding pilot programs from becoming official care pathways. Here, we describe the development of a program evaluation for a specialized medical‐dental community clinic serving adults with autism and intellectual disabilities in Montreal, Canada.
Annotating a Japanese Text Corpus with Predicate-Argument and Coreference Relations

In this paper, we discuss how to annotate coreference and predicate-argument relations in Japanese written text. There have been research activities for building Japanese text corpora annotated with coreference and predicate-argument relations as are done in the Kyoto Text Corpus version 4.0 (Kawahara et al., 2002) and the GDA-Tagged Corpus (Hasida, 2005). However, there is still much room for refining their specifications. For this reason, we discuss issues in annotating these two types of relations, and propose a new specification for each. In accordance with the specification, we built a large-scaled annotated corpus, and examined its reliability. As a result of our current work, we have released an annotated corpus named the NAIST Text Corpus1, which is used as the evaluation data set in the coreference and zero-anaphora resolution tasks in Iida et al. (2005) and Iida et al. (2006).