Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An approach for customizing on-chip interconnect architectures in SoC design

Recent studies have shown that to improve the performance of specific System-on-Chip (SoC) application domain, the OCI (On-Chip Interconnect) architecture must be customized, at design time. These approaches are generally tailored to a specific application, providing an application-specific SoC. They deal with the selection of OCI architecture to accommodate the expected application specific data traffic pattern during early design-space exploration phase. For dynamic SoCs, in which traffic pattern of applications is not known or predictable in advance, an efficient OCI is required. In this paper, we present an approach to allow designers to customize a candidate OCI architecture in order to match large application workload. Simulations results, using 2D mesh, show that this method achieves better performance compared to the basic 2D mesh OCI architecture, while using little resource budget.
Speech Perception By Ear and Eye: A Paradigm for Psychological Inquiry

This book is about the processing of information in face-to-face communication when a speaker makes both audible and visible information available to a perceiver. Both auditory and visual sources of information are evaluated and integrated to achieve speech perception. The evaluation of the information source provides information about the strength of alternative interpretations, rather than just all-or-none categorical information, as claimed by “categorical perception” theory. Information sources are evaluated independently; the integration process insures that the least ambiguous sources have the most influences on the judgment. Similar processes occur in a variety of other behaviors, ranging from personality judgments and categorization to sentence interpretation and decision making. The experimental results are consistent with a fuzzy logical model of perception, positing three operations in perceptual (primary) recognition: feature evaluation, feature integration, and pattern classification. Continuously valued features are first evaluated, then integrated and matched against prototype descriptions in memory; finally, an identification decision is made on the basis of the relative goodness-of-match of the stimulus information with the relevant prototype descriptions.
Recent progress in the MIT spoken lecture processing project

In this paper we discuss our research activities in the area of spoken lecture processing. Our goal is to improve the access to on-line audio/visual recordings of academic lectures by developing tools for the processing, transcription, indexing, segmentation, summarization, retrieval and browsing of this media. In this paper, we provide an overview of the technology components and systems that have been developed as part of this project, present some experimental results, and discuss our ongoing and future research plans. Index Terms:spoken lecture processing, spoken document retrieval, audio browsing
Identical T Cell Clones Are Located within the Mouse Gut Epithelium and Lamina Propria and Circulate in the Thoracic Duct Lymph

Murine gut intraepithelial (IEL) T cell receptor (TCR)-α/β1 lymphocytes bearing CD8α/β or CD8α/α coreceptors have been shown previously to express different oligoclonal TCR β chain repertoires in the same mouse, in agreement with other evidence indicating that these two populations belong to different ontogenic lineages, with only CD8α/β1 IELs being fully thymus dependent. CD8α/β1, but not CD8α/α1, T lymphocytes are also present in the lamina propria. Here, we show that CD8α/β+ lymphocytes from the lamina propria and the epithelium are both oligoclonal, and that they share the same TCR-β clonotypes in the same mouse, as is also the case for CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, identical T cell clones were detected among CD8α/β1 IELs and CD8α/β1 blasts circulating into the thoracic duct (TD) lymph of the same mouse, whereas TD small lymphocytes are polyclonal. These findings must be considered in light of previous observations showing that T blasts, but not small T lymphocytes, circulating in the TD lymph have the capacity of homing into the gut epithelium and lamina propria. These combined observations have interesting implications for our understanding of the recirculation of gut thymus-dependent lymphocytes and their precursors, and of the events leading up to the selection of their restricted TCR repertoire.
A Ligand for CD5 Is CD5

Recognition by scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains on membrane proteins regulates innate and adaptive immune responses. Two receptors expressed primarily on T cells, CD5 and CD6, are linked genetically and are structurally similar, both containing three scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains in their extracellular regions. A specific cell surface interaction for CD5 has been difficult to define at the molecular level because of the susceptibility of CD5 protein to denaturation. By using soluble CD5 purified at neutral pH to preserve biological activity, we show that CD5 mediates species-specific homophilic interactions. CD5 domain 1 only is involved in the interaction. CD5 mAbs that have functional effects in humans, rats, and mice block homophilic binding. Ag-specific responses by mouse T cells in vitro were increased when engagement of human CD5 domain 1 was inhibited by mutation or by IgG or Fab fragment from a CD5 mAb. This showed that homophilic binding results in productive engagement. Enhancement of polyclonal immune responses of rat lymph node cells by a Fab fragment from a CD5 mAb shown to block homophilic interactions provided evidence that the extracellular region of CD5 regulates inhibition in normal cells. These biochemical and in vitro functional assays provide evidence that the extracellular region of CD5 regulates immunity through species-specific homophilic interactions.
Securing SCADA systems with open source software

Industrial SCADA systems are deployed all across the globe for refineries, water treatment, nuclear power plants, oil fields and process plants. SCADA systems are vulnerable to attacks by hackers which can damage expensive equipment and jeopardize human health and safety in large areas. In this paper, we define SCADA security related issues and discuss the current security tools and techniques. Later, we describe our experiments in configuring SCADA security using open source security software tools available under Linux operating system. A systematic method of securing SCADA systems with such tools is described and the results are discussed.
Media – Chemistry – Interest? Identifying the Types of Students‘ Chemistry-Related Media Reception

In the present qualitative study we identified different types of students’ mass media reception on topics related to chemistry. 19 secondary school students participated in guided interviews concerning their overall encounter with chemistry in the mass media. The collected data was analyzed referring to Grounded Theory by an open and axial coding procedure. The evaluation is based on four categories including context, social condition, cause and consequence of media reception. For analysis, a special focus is placed on the development of interest with respect to media reception. In total, four types of media reception like „The News Focused” or “The Effect-Focused” were identified. The guided interviews showed that students are interested in a large variety of chemical topics present in media. Due to this, a strong individualization of chemistry related media reception can be concluded. Finally, it will be shown that the results of this study are relevant for revising teaching materials in order to create individualized and motivating learning tasks. Normal 0 21 false false false DE JA X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Normale Tabelle"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
Recommender System for Personalised Wellness Therapy

rising costs and risks in health care have shifted the preference of individuals from health treatment to disease prevention. This prevention treatment is known as wellness. In recent years, the Internet has become a popular place for wellness-conscious users to search for wellness-related information and solutions. As the user community becomes more wellness conscious, service improvement is needed to help users find relevant personalised wellness solutions. Due to rapid development in the wellness market, users value convenient access to wellness services. Most wellness websites reflect common health informatics approaches; these amount to more than 70,000 sites worldwide. Thus, the wellness industry should improve its Internet services in order to provide better and more convenient customer service. This paper discusses the development of a wellness recommender system that would help users find and adapt suitable personalised wellness therapy treatments based on their individual needs. This paper introduces new approaches that enhance the convenience and quality of wellness information delivery on the Internet. The wellness recommendation task is performed using an Artificial Intelligence technique of hybrid case-based reasoning (HCBR). HCBR solves users’ current wellness problems by applying solutions from similar cases in the past. From the evaluation results for our prototype wellness recommendation system, we conclude that wellness consultants are using consistent wellness knowledge to recommend solutions for sample wellness cases generated through an online consultation form. Thus, the proposed model can be integrated into wellness websites to enable users to search for suitable personalized wellness therapy treatment based on their health condition.
A Simultaneous X-Ray/MRI and Noncontact Mapping Study of the Acute Hemodynamic Effect of Left Ventricular Endocardial and Epicardial Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Humans

Background—Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) using endocardial left ventricular (LV) pacing may be superior to conventional CRT. We studied the acute hemodynamic response to conventional CRT and LV pacing from different endocardial sites using a combined cardiac MRI and LV noncontact mapping (NCM) protocol to gain insights into the underlying mechanisms. Methods and Results—Fifteen patients (age, 63±10 years; 12 men) awaiting CRT were studied in a combined x-ray and MRI laboratory. Delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance was performed to define areas of myocardial fibrosis. Patients underwent an electrophysiological study incorporating endocardial and epicardial LV pacing. Acute hemodynamic response was measured using a pressure wire within the LV cavity to derive LV dP/dt max. NCM was used to define areas of slow conduction. There was a significant improvement in all LV pacing modes versus baseline (P<0.001). LV endocardial CRT from the best endocardial site was superior to conventional CRT, with a 79.8±49.0% versus 59.6±49.5% increase in LV dP/dt max of from baseline (P<0.05). The hemodynamic benefits of pacing were greater when LV stimulation was performed outside of areas of slow conduction defined by NCM (P<0.001). Delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance was able to delineate zones of slow conduction seen with NCM in ischemic patients but was unreliable in nonischemic patients. Conclusions—Endocardial LV pacing appears superior to conventional CRT, although the optimal site varies between subjects and is influenced by pacing within areas of slow conduction. Delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance was a poor predictor of zones of slow conduction in nonischemic patients.
Fate of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium on Carrots and Radishes Grown in Fields Treated with Contaminated Manure Composts or Irrigation Water

ABSTRACT Three different types of compost, PM-5 (poultry manure compost), 338 (dairy cattle manure compost), and NVIRO-4 (alkaline-pH-stabilized dairy cattle manure compost), and irrigation water were inoculated with an avirulent strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium at 107 CFU g−1 and 105 CFU ml−1, respectively, to determine the persistence of salmonellae in soils containing these composts, in irrigation water, and also on carrots and radishes grown in these contaminated soils. A split-plot block design plan was used for each crop, with five treatments (one without compost, three with each of the three composts, and one without compost but with contaminated water applied) and five replicates for a total of 25 plots for each crop, with each plot measuring 1.8 × 4.6 m. Salmonellae persisted for an extended period of time, with the bacteria surviving in soil samples for 203 to 231 days, and were detected after seeds were sown for 84 and 203 days on radishes and carrots, respectively. Salmonella survival was greatest in soil amended with poultry compost and least in soil containing alkaline-pH-stabilized dairy cattle manure compost. Survival profiles of Salmonella on vegetables and soil samples contaminated by irrigation water were similar to those observed when contamination occurred through compost. Hence, both contaminated manure compost and irrigation water can play an important role in contaminating soil and root vegetables with salmonellae for several months.
A Deep Search for Pulsations from the Nearby Isolated Neutron Star RX J1856.5–3754

We present the results of a deep search for pulsations from the nearby isolated neutron star RX J1856.5-3754 using the 450 ks director's discretionary time Chandra observation completed on 2001 October 15. No pulsations were detected. We find a 99% confidence upper limit on the pulsed fraction of ~4.5% for worst-case sinusoidal pulsations with frequency ≲50 Hz and frequency derivatives -5 × 10-10 Hz s-1 ≤ ≤ 0 Hz s-1. The nondetection of pulsations is most likely due to an unfavorable viewing angle or emitting geometry. Such emitting geometries are much more likely to occur for more "compact" neutron stars, which show increased gravitational light-bending effects. In this case, the nondetection implies a radius-to-mass ratio for RX J1856.5-3754 of R/M ≲ 10 km M.
unimelb: Spanish Text Normalisation

espanolEl presente articulo describe una aproximacion a la normalizacion de texto basada en lexico para tweets en espanol. En primer lugar se realiza una comparacion entre la normalizacion de texto en espanol e ingles y se plantea la hipotesis de que se puede adaptar un enfoque similar ya planteado previamente para el ingles. Para ello, se construye un lexico de normalizacion a partir de un corpus, utilizando similaridad distribucional, y se combina con otros lexicos existentes (por ejemplo diccionarios de jerga de Internet en espanol). Estos lexicos permiten una solucion rapida basada en busquedas. Los resultados experimentales indican que el lexico derivado del corpus complementa bien a los lexicos existentes, pero que la solucion puede mejorarse con un mejor manejo de ciertos tipos de palabras, como las entidades con nombre. EnglishThis paper describes a lexicon-based text normalisation approach for Spanish tweets. We first compare English and Spanish text normalisation, and hypothesise that an approach previously proposed for English can be adapted to Spanish. A corpus-derived normalisation lexicon is built using distributional sim- ilarity, and is combined with existing lexicons (e.g., containing Spanish Internet slang). These lexicons enable a very fast, look-up based approach to text normalisation. Experimental results indicate that the corpus-derived lexicon complements existing lexicons, but that the approach could be improved through better handling of certain word types, such as named entities.
The TUM Cumulative DTW Approach for the Mediaeval 2012 Spoken Web Search Task

This paper describes the system proposed for the Spoken Web Search task at Mediaeval 2012 campaign. We use an audio-only system based on our new called Cumulative Dynamic Time Warping (CDTW) algorithm. This algorithm combines the scores of all the alignment paths and allows for the learning of dierent cost functions for each kind of step in the alignment matrix (diagonal, horizontal and vertical). The results obtained with basic audio descriptors show the promising potential of our algorithm.
Information Theoretical Optimization Gains in Energy Adaptive Data Gathering and Relaying in Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

Cognitive radio (CR) technology helps mitigate wireless resource scarcity problem by dynamically changing frequency spectrum, power and modulation type. Opportunistic spectrum access increases the network capability and quality. Recently, CR applied to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) generated the paradigm of cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs) overcoming the challenges posed by event-driven traffic demands of WSNs. To realize advantages of CRSN, spectrum and power allocation, and routing must be jointly considered to maximize the information capacity, resource utilization and the lifetime. In this paper, power and rate adaptation problem is analyzed for a multi-hop CRSN in an information theoretical (IT) capacity maximization framework combined with energy adaptive (EA) mechanisms and utilization of sensor data information correlations (ICs). CRSN characteristics, i.e., fast data aggregation, bursty traffic and node failures, are considered. The capacity optimization problem is defined analytically and practical local schemes are presented showing the superiority of objective functions utilizing ICs and EA mechanisms in terms of the resulting maximum information rate at sink, i.e., Rmax, lifetime, and energy utilization. Furthermore, dependence of performance on total bandwidth and various relay energy distributions is explored observing the logarithmic dependence of Rmax on total bandwidth.
How Children who are Blind Experience Numbers

This article presents a qualitative study of the ways in which 25 Hungarian children aged 5–9 who were blind dealt with different types of elementary mathematical problems. The study found that the children dealt with numbers in five ways and experienced numbers in four ways. Furthermore, although the children went through the same stages of development as do sighted children, their ways of dealing with numbers had some specific characteristics.
Structure-Based Mutational Analysis of the C-Terminal DNA-Binding Domain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Integrase: Critical Residues for Protein Oligomerization and DNA Binding

ABSTRACT The C-terminal domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) is a dimer that binds to DNA in a nonspecific manner. The structure of the minimal region required for DNA binding (IN220–270) has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The overall fold of the C-terminal domain of HIV-1 IN is similar to those of Src homology region 3 domains. Based on the structure of IN220–270, we studied the role of 15 amino acid residues potentially involved in DNA binding and oligomerization by mutational analysis. We found that two amino acid residues, arginine 262 and leucine 234, contribute to DNA binding in the context of IN220–270, as indicated by protein-DNA UV cross-link analysis. We also analyzed mutant proteins representing portions of the full-length IN protein. Amino acid substitution of residues located in the hydrophobic dimer interface, such as L241A and L242A, results in the loss of oligomerization of IN; consequently, the levels of 3′ processing, DNA strand transfer, and intramolecular disintegration are strongly reduced. These results suggest that dimerization of the C-terminal domain of IN is important for correct multimerization of IN.
Role of sortase A in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in mice.

Sortase A (SrtA), a transpeptidase, anchors surface proteins with an LPXTG-motif sorting signal to the cell envelope. To determine the role of SrtA in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus, we constructed a mutant strain, ∆SrtA, by genetic techniques and identified its functions in a S. aureus-induced mastitis mouse model. The histological and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level results showed that the ∆SrtA strain attenuated the inflammatory reaction in the mammary tissue of mice compared with wild-type S. aureus challenge. Additionally, the ELISA results showed that the ∆SrtA strain impaired the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the Western blot results showed that the mutant strain blocked the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) by attenuating the degradation and phosphorylation of signaling pathway molecules such as IκBα, p65 and p38. These results suggest that SrtA is a key virulence factor in the pathogenesis of S. aureus-induced mastitis in mice. It appears that the srtA mutant affected the attachment of S. aureus to host cells, thus attenuating the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, which regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased the susceptibility to mastitis.
Factors Contributing to Quality Coparenting

Abstract Cognitive, contextual, and perceptual factors contributing to quality coparenting were examined in a survey of 135 respondents (54 males, 81 females) who were separated/divorced former partners coparenting minor-aged children. Respondents indicated, for the most part, a coparenting atmosphere of anger and hostility. The regression analysis indicated that satisfaction with financial child support arrangements (Beta = .219, p= .041), less hostile divorce proceedings (Beta = -.291,p= .003) and forgiveness (Beta = .319, p =.003) were the strongest predictors of quality coparenting. Emerging conflict issues between former partners were regarding children and finances, specifically access to the children and child financial support. These findings have implications for family policy which could assist with facilitating a civil and cooperative coparenting environment.
A Note on the Implementation of Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes

The implementation of collapsed Gibbs samplers for non-parametric Bayesian models is non-trivial, requiring considerable book-keeping. Goldwater et al. (2006a) presented an approximation which significantly reduces the storage and computation overhead, but we show here that their formulation was incorrect and, even after correction, is grossly inaccurate. We present an alternative formulation which is exact and can be computed easily. However this approach does not work for hierarchical models, for which case we present an efficient data structure which has a better space complexity than the naive approach.