Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemical sensing in two dimensional porous covalent organic nanosheets

Covalent organic nanosheets (CONs) were synthesised from imide functionalised COFs. TfpBDH-CONs exhibit a "turn-on" detection capability for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in the solid state, but show a "turn-off" detection in the dispersion state.
Measurement of energy distribution of conduction electrons in superlattice by visible-light photoemission spectroscopy

Visible-light photoemission spectroscopy (VPS) is a novel angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy developed by us for measuring conduction electrons emitted from a surface with negative electron affinity state. In this study, InGaAs/GaAsP quantum well superlattice was analyzed by the VPS method with changing the excitation photon energy. By comparing with comparison of the energy distribution curves obtained by different excitation energy, the first and second conduction mini-band structures were directly clarified.
Computing with words with the use of inverse RDM models of membership functions

Abstract Computing with words is a way to artificial, human-like thinking. The paper shows some new possibilities of solving difficult problems of computing with words which are offered by relative-distance-measure RDM models of fuzzy membership functions. Such models are based on RDM interval arithmetic. The way of calculation with words was shown using a specific problem of flight delay formulated by Lotfi Zadeh. The problem seems easy at first sight, but according to the authors’ knowledge it has not been solved yet. Results produced with the achieved solution were tested. The investigations also showed that computing with words sometimes offers possibilities of achieving better problem solutions than with the human mind.
Preference-inspired co-evolutionary algorithm using adaptively generated goal vectors

Preference-inspired co-evolutionary algorithms (PICEAs) are a novel class of population-based approaches for multi-objective optimization. PICEA-g is one realization of PICEAs in which goal vectors are taken as preferences and are co-evolved with the candidate solutions during the search. The performance of PICEA-g is affected by the distribution of the co-evolved goal vectors. In PICEA-g, new goal vectors are generated within pre-defined bounds determined by the ideal and anti-ideal points in each generation. Such bounds are often unknown or at least problem knowledge requires. In this paper, firstly, we analyse the influence of different initial bounds to the performance of PICEA-g. Then, we propose a method, called cutting plane, which adaptively sets proper bounds for the generation of goal vectors, adjusting the search effort toward different objective appropriately, and therefore guide the candidate solutions toward the Pareto optimal front efficiently. Experimental results show that this adaptive approach is effective.
Fluctuations in single-crystal YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6.5 : Evidence for crossover from two-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior

Magnetization measurements as a function of temperature are reported for ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{6.5}$ crystal ${(T}_{c}=45.2 \mathrm{K})$ for fields between 0.2 and 3.5 T. All isochamps for $Hg1$ T intersect at ${T}_{2D}^{\ensuremath{\star}}\ensuremath{\simeq}42.8$ K, implying a fluctuation contribution to the magnetization. These curves collapse into a single curve when magnetization and temperature are scaled according to the predicted ``two-dimensional (2D) scaling'' in the fluctuation regime. Surprisingly, the low-field curves also intersect, at ${T}_{3D}^{\ensuremath{\star}}\ensuremath{\simeq}43.4$ K, and they obey a 3D scaling. We provide a theoretical picture of the magnetization in the fluctuation regime based on the Lawrence-Doniach model. Within this model we calculate the field and temperature dependence of the magnetization. The two intersection points and the $2\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{D}3\mathrm{D}$ crossover are consistent with the experimental observation.
Investigation on induction of limited multiple ovulations in cattle.

During the past few years substantial progress has been made in the induction of multiple ovulation in cattle by hormone treatment. The practical results, however, have been unsatisfactory. Hitherto, only about 30 % of treated cows ovulated the limited number of eggs (two or three) likely to lead to the birth of twins or triplets. In many cases only one egg could be obtained or the animals failed to ovulate; in others, four or more eggs were ovulated, and normal embryonic development did not ensue. The following investigations deal with the problem of inducing twin preg¬ nancies by the ovulation of only two or three eggs. Forty-seven cows of the Max Planck Institute were treated with different sex hormones. All cows had been shown to be fertile in tests extending over the previous two or three years. They were kept under the same environmental conditions and fed individually. During the trial, the treatments were changed in different ways (see Table 1).
Parallel changes in serotonin levels in brain and blood following acute administration of MDMA

Recent studies have demonstrated a similar acute effect of 3,4- methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in blood platelets and brain tissue via action on the serotonin transporter. To investigate the validity of blood serotonin as a peripheral marker for central serotonin in this regard, we administered MDMA (20 mg/kg i.p.) to rats and observed a parallel decrease in serotonin levels in the frontal cortex and blood at 2 h (63% and 46% respectively) with some recovery evident at 8 h (42% and 38%) and more so at 18 h (19% and 24% below control levels). Administration of a tryptophan supplement (82.5 mg/kg p.o.) to naïve rats produced parallel increases in serotonin levels 2 h later in the frontal cortex (39%) and blood (26%). Following MDMA administration, the same dose of tryptophan caused a smaller (26%) rise in brain serotonin whereas in blood it had no effect. We conclude that blood serotonin is a useful marker for brain serotonin levels in the rat following acute administration of MDMA and this finding highlights the possible use of platelet serotonin as a marker for brain serotonin in human studies involving MDMA.
Immersive video as a rapid prototyping and evaluation tool for mobile and ambient applications

A key issue in mobile and ambient computing is the effort required to rapidly prototype and evaluate user interfaces and applications. Existing technologies for these tasks suffer either from low fidelity (e.g. paper prototypes, mental walkthroughs) or effectively require a near full-scale deployment. We propose an approach using immersive video with surround sound and a simulated infrastructure to create a very realistic environment in the office or the lab. It provides a low-cost and rapid means to prototype user interfaces and applications, and to evaluate them in a realistic simulation of the context, in which they are intended to be used.
A Promoter that Acquired p 53 Responsiveness During Primate Evolution 1

The tumor suppressor p53 activates the transcription of human PIG3 through direct interaction with a polymorphic microsatellite sequence, (TGYCC)n. Here, the evolution of this p53-responsive element was recapitulated. Comparison between primate species revealed that the PIG3 promoter acquired this sequence element in its full length only in Hominoidea (apes and humans), whereas the number of TGYCC repeats is far lower in monkeys. Accordingly, only the PIG3 promoters from Hominoidea respond efficiently to p53, whereas those from monkeys respond poorly or not at all. In parallel, the PIG3 gene was strongly induced by p53 in human and chimpanzee cells but was unaffected by p53 in cells derived from a common marmoset monkey. Thus, a novel p53 target gene appeared as recently as during the evolution of primates. This suggests that mechanisms of tumor suppression are subject to ongoing evolution in humans and their closest relatives.
Divergence along a steep ecological gradient in lake whitefish (Coregonus sp.)

To understand mechanisms structuring diversity in young adaptive radiations, quantitative and unbiased information about genetic and phenotypic diversity is much needed. Here, we present the first in‐depth investigation of whitefish diversity in a Swiss lake, with continuous spawning habitat sampling in both time and space. Our results show a clear cline like pattern in genetics and morphology of populations sampled along an ecological depth gradient in Lake Neuchâtel. Divergent natural selection appears to be involved in shaping this cline given that trait specific PST‐values are significantly higher than FST‐values when comparing populations caught at different depths. These differences also tend to increase with increasing differences in depth, indicating adaptive divergence along a depth gradient, which persists despite considerable gene flow between adjacent demes. It however remains unclear, whether the observed pattern is a result of currently stable selection‐gene flow balance, incipient speciation, or reverse speciation due to anthropogenic habitat alteration causing two formerly divergent species to collapse into a single gene pool.
Node Pruning Based on Entropy of Weights and Node Activity for Small-Footprint Acoustic Model Based on Deep Neural Networks

This paper describes a node-pruning method for an acoustic model based on deep neural networks (DNNs). Node pruning is a promising method to reduce the memory usage and computational cost of DNNs. A score function is defined to measure the importance of each node, and less important nodes are pruned. The entropy of the activity of each node has been used as a score function to find nodes with outputs that do not change at all. We introduce entropy of weights of each node to consider the number of weights and their patterns of each node. Because the number of weights and the patterns differ at each layer, the importance of the node should also be measured using the related weights of the target node. We then propose a score function that integrates the entropy of weights and node activity, which will prune less important nodes more efficiently. Experimental results showed that the proposed pruning method successfully reduced the number of parameters by about 6% without any accuracy loss compared with a score function based only on the entropy of node activity.
R632W mutation in PLA2G6 segregates with dystonia‐parkinsonism in a consanguineous Iranian family

Background: PLA2G6 mutations are known to be responsible for infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). In addition, novel mutations in PLA2G6 have recently been associated with dystonia‐parkinsonism in two unrelated consanguineous families.
Algorithms and Scheduling Techniques for Exascale Systems (Dagstuhl Seminar 13381)

Exascale systems to be deployed in the near future will come with deep hierarchical parallelism, will exhibit various levels of heterogeneity, will be prone to frequent component failures, and will face tight power consumption constraints. The notion of application performance in these systems becomes multi-criteria, with fault-tolerance and power consumption metrics to be considered in addition to sheer compute speed. As a result, many of the proven algorithmic techniques used in parallel computing for decades will not be effective in Exascale systems unless they are adapted or in some cases radically changed. The Dagstuhl seminar "Algorithms and Scheduling Techniques for Exascale Systems" was aimed at sharing open problems, new results, and prospective ideas broadly connected to the Exascale problem. This report provides a brief executive summary of the seminar and lists all the presented material.
Feeling Unsure

Feeling unsure is a universal experience of health and quality of life. The purposes of this research study were to discover the structure of the lived experience of feeling unsure, to add to the body of knowledge on the phenomenon of feeling unsure, and expand the humanbecoming school of thought. The Parse research method was used to guide this study and answer the question, What is the structure of the lived experience of feeling unsure? Participants were 10 individuals living with chronic heart failure in the community. The processes of dialogical engagement, extraction-synthesis, and heuristic interpretation were used. The central finding of this study was the following structure: The lived experience of feeling unsure is discomforting trepidation with unassuredness-assuredness, as vigilantly anticipating possibles with treasured alliances arises with moments of acquiescence. New knowledge extended the theory of humanbecoming and enhanced understanding of the experience of feeling unsure.
Surface Interpolation to Image with Edge Preserving

Based on the assumption that low-resolution image is sampled from an original scene approximated by piecewise polynomial surface, this paper proposes two different constraints to make the fitting surface of the original scene preserve the image's edge characteristics. We first construct a cubic parametric curve to approximate the edge in each local area and obtain an auxiliary pixel set by re-sampling the curve, then introduce a weight function to accord pixels different degrees of effects on surface reconstruction. By re-sampling the constructed surface, the enlarged image can be easily obtained. Extensive experimental results on various types of low-resolution images demonstrate that our method produces generally better results both in terms of quantitative evaluation and subjective visual quality.
Clima motivacional en Educación Física : concordancia entre las percepciones de los alumnos y las de sus profesores

En este estudio se han comparado las percepciones de alumnos y profesores sobre el clima motivacional de las clases de educacion fisica. Los participantes, 2189 alumnos de 13 a 17 anos y sus 94 profesores, completaron una version espanola de L’Echelle de Perception du Climat Motivational (EPCM). Los analisis factoriales confirmatorios (AFC) de primer y segundo orden han confirmado la estructura factorial de la version original de la escala. Un analisis de concordancia entre las percepciones de los alumnos y las de sus profesores sobre el clima motivacional de la clase indico que unicamente coinciden en el factor Busqueda de Comparacion por los Alumnos. Por otro lado, los analisis diferenciales han mostrado que los alumnos perciben un Clima de Ejecucion mas elevado, mientras que los profesores perciben mayor Clima de Maestria en las clases de educacion fisica. Se discuten los resultados de cara a sus implicaciones para los educadores fisicos.
Identification of biomarkers for diagnosis of gastric cancer by bioinformatics.

BACKGROUND We aimed to discover potential gene biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genechips of 10 GC tissues and 10 gastric mucosa (GM, para-carcinoma tissue, normal control) tissues were generated using an exon array of Affymetrix containing 30,000 genes. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GC tissues and normal control were identified by the Limma package and analyzed by hierarchical clustering analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses were performed for investigating the functions of DEGs. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to measure the effects of biomarker candidates for diagnosis of GC. RESULTS Totals of 896 up-regulated and 60 down-regulated DEGs were identified to be differentially expressed between GC samples and normal control. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that DEGs were highly differentially expressed and most DEGs were up-regulated. The most significantly enriched GO-BP term was revealed to be mitotic cell cycle and the most significantly enriched pathway was cell cycle. The intersection analysis showed that most significant DEGs were cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and cyclin B2 (CCNB2). The sensitivities and specificities of CCNB1 and CCNB2 were both high (p<0.0001). Areas under the ROC curve for CCNB1 and CCNB2 were both greater than 0.9 (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS CCNB1 and CCNB2, which were involved in cell cycle, played significant roles in the progression and development of GC and these genes may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
Non-pharmacological intervention Developmental care Preterm infant NIDCAP Abbreviations ET: Endo-tracheal EVIN: Evaluation of Intervention ICC: Intra-class Correlation Coefficient NICU: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit NIDCAP: Newborn Individualised Developmental Care and Assessment Program ROP: Retinop

Authors: Inga Warren, Therapy Services, Imperial Neonatal Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Beverley Hicks, Therapy Services, Imperial Neonatal Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Agneta Kleberg, Astrid Lindgren Children Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Joseph Eliahoo, Statistical Advisory Service, Imperial College, London, UK. Kanwaljeet J. S. Anand, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, California, USA. Mary Hickson, Therapy Services, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
Cancer Genes and Genomics Progressive Genomic Instability in the FVB / KrasLA 2 Mouse Model of Lung Cancer

Alterations in DNA copy number contribute to the development and progression of cancers and are common in epithelial tumors. We have used array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) to visualize DNA copy number alterations across the genomes of lung tumors in the Kras model of lung cancer. Copy number gain involving the Kras locus, as focal amplification or whole chromosome gain, is the most common alteration in these tumors and with a prevalence that increased significantly with increasing tumor size. Furthermore, Kras amplification was the only major genomic event among the smallest lung tumors, suggesting that this alteration occurs early during the development of mutant Kras-driven lung cancers. Recurring gains and deletions of other chromosomes occur progressively more frequently among larger tumors. These results are in contrast to a previous aCGH analysis of lung tumors from Kras mice on a mixed genetic background, in which relatively few DNA copy number alterations were observed regardless of tumor size. Our model features the Kras allele on the inbred FVB/N mouse strain, and in this genetic background, there is a highly statistically significant increase in level of genomic instability with increasing tumor size. These data suggest that recurring DNA copy alterations are important for tumor progression in the Krasmodel of lung cancer and that the requirement for these alterations may be dependent on the genetic background of the mouse strain. Mol Cancer Res; 2011 AACR.
A three-species biofilm model for the evaluation of enamel and dentin demineralization

Although Streptococcus mutans biofilms have been useful for evaluating the cariogenic potential of dietary carbohydrates and the effects of fluoride on dental demineralization, a more appropriate biofilm should be developed to demonstrate the influence of other oral bacteria on cariogenic biofilms. This study describes the development and validation of a three-species biofilm model comprising Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Streptococcus gordonii for the evaluation of enamel and dentin demineralization after cariogenic challenges and fluoride exposure. Single- or three-species biofilms were developed on dental substrata for 96 h, and biofilms were exposed to feast and famine episodes. The three-species biofilm model produced a large biomass, mostly comprising S. mutans (41%) and S. gordonii (44%), and produced significant demineralization in the dental substrata, although enamel demineralization was decreased by fluoride treatment. The findings indicate that the three-species biofilm model may be useful for evaluating the cariogenic potential of dietary carbohydrates other than sucrose and determining the effects of fluoride on dental substrata.
Unsupervised deep representation learning to remove motion artifacts in free-mode body sensor networks

In body sensor networks, the need to brace sensing devices firmly to the body raises a fundamental barrier to usability. In this paper, we examine the effects of sensing from devices that do not face this mounting limitation. With sensors integrated into common pieces of clothing, we demonstrate that signals in such free-mode body sensor networks are contaminated heavily with motion artifacts leading to mean signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) as low as −12 dB. Further, we show that motion artifacts at these SNR levels reduce the F1-score of a state-of-the-art algorithm for human-activity recognition by up to 77.1%. In order to mitigate these artifacts, we evaluate the use of statistical (Kalman Filters) and data-driven (Neural Networks) techniques. We show that well-designed methods of representing IMU data with deep neural networks can increase SNRs in free-mode body-sensor networks from −12 dB to +18.2 dB and, as a result, improve the F1-score of recognizing gestures by 14.4% and locomotion activities by 55.3%.
Longitudinal Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Pathologic Processes in a Rotenone Induced Mice Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Recent studies reported an association between gut microbiota composition and Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, we know little about the relationship between microbiome dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of PD. The objective of this study was to describe the evolution of fecal microbiota using an oral rotenone model of PD from a longitudinal study over a period of 4 weeks. Gastrointestinal function was assessed by measuring fecal pellet output, motor functions was assessed by open-field and pole tests every week. α-synuclein pathology, inflammation and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) neuron loss from the middle brain were also analyzed. Fecal samples were collected every week followed by 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. We reported that chronically oral administered rotenone caused gastrointestinal dysfunction and microbiome dysbiosis prior to motor dysfunction and central nervous system (CNS) pathology. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal microbiome showed rotenone-treated mice exhibited fecal microbiota dysbiosis characterized by an overall decrease in bacterial diversity and a significant change of microbiota composition, notably members of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, with an increase in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio after 3 weeks of rotenone treatment. Moreover, rotenone-induced gastrointestinal and motor dysfunctions were observed to be robustly correlated with changes in the composition of fecal microbiota. Our results demonstrated that gut microbiome perturbation might contribute to rotenone toxicity in the initiation of PD and brought a new insight in the pathogenesis of PD. Novel therapeutic options aimed at modifying the gut microbiota composition might postpone the onset and following cascade of neurodegeneration.
The European DORIS downstream service as a multi-scale system for landslides and subsidence risk management

We focused on the joint exploitation of satellite and ground-based technologies in order to understand the kinematic behavior of landslides and subsidence phenomena relevant to different test sites in Europe. In this context, we efficiently exploited C-band and X-band satellite and ground-based SAR data for the investigation of the temporal and spatial pattern of ground deformations caused by natural and human-induced hazards. The present work has been conducted within the FP7-EU DORIS project.