Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Routing for capacity improvement in Multi-Channel-Width Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks

This study indicates that the assignment of multiple channels with different bandwidths to links of a IEEE 802.11 wireless mesh network can drastically increase the capacity of these networks considering equal amount of available spectrum. However, this is possible only for networks where routers are equipped with multiple radios. In this context, this paper proposes a metric used to select the amount of radios and width of the channels to be used in each link, as well the routing path that enables a decrease in the interference between those links. We use simulations in ns-2 to assess the proposed routing metric and compare it with others in the literature. The obtained results point to an increase in the capacity of the studied networks.
Automatic black-box method-level test case generation based on constraint logic programming

Software testing is the main activity to ensure the quality of software. This article proposes a testing framework that applies a black-box testing technique to automatically generate test cases for Java methods. The specification of Java methods is based on the Design by Contract software development approach. This article uses UML class diagrams and the Object Constraint Language to describe the specification of Java methods. The automatic generation of test cases is based on the unification mechanism and the powerful constraint solving mechanism of constraint logic programming. A novel characteristic of this approach is that the test input and its corresponding expected output of a test case are simultaneously generated in a unified fashion.
Existence of Relaxation Shock Profiles for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

In this paper we prove that, like viscosity, relaxation can also smooth weak shocks for strict hyperbolic conservation laws as equilibium systems of hyperbolic relaxation systems under some natural structural conditions. These conditions were derived previously by Yong from stability considerations and hence are entirely analogous to the Majda--Pego criterion of the viscous case. The proof involves a new parametrization of Hugoniot curves and a delicate analysis of the algebraic structure of relaxation systems as well as construction of an appropriate center manifold.
Configuration Analysis of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on the Whole Chinese Market

The hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) were first invented to improve fuel economy in vehicles. The architecture of HEVs defines their technical framework, and the question of which HEV architecture has a better fuel economy has already sparked a heated debate. Previous studies have evaluated different HEV architectures by using the fuel economy comparison of individual vehicles, the data is random and the analysis is not systematic, leading to lack of versatility. To investigate the optimal HEV architecture for fuel economy in the Chinese market, This paper statistics and analyzes the parameters of 755 hybrid vehicles launched in the Chinese market from April 2009 to April 2023 from 2 perspectives. The results indicate that the rankings of fuel economy superiority vary across different perspectives. However, it can be concluded that some configurations always have advantages when comparing with another. Based on these differences, it is found that which electromechanical configurations may be required for a hybrid configuration with optimal fuel economy. This analysis offers a comprehensive overview of the fuel economy across various HEV architectures in China, serving as a valuable reference for selecting technical routes.
Bacterial Community Dynamics in Full-Scale Activated Sludge Bioreactors: Operational and Ecological Factors Driving Community Assembly and Performance

The assembling of bacterial communities in conventional activated sludge (CAS) bioreactors was thought, until recently, to be chaotic and mostly unpredictable. Studies done over the last decade have shown that specific, and often, predictable random and non-random factors could be responsible for that process. These studies have also motivated a “structure–function” paradigm that is yet to be resolved. Thus, elucidating the factors that affect community assembly in the bioreactors is necessary for predicting fluctuations in community structure and function. For this study activated sludge samples were collected during a one-year period from two geographically distant CAS bioreactors of different size. Combining community fingerprinting analysis and operational parameters data with a robust statistical analysis, we aimed to identify relevant links between system performance and bacterial community diversity and dynamics. In addition to revealing a significant β-diversity between the bioreactors’ communities, results showed that the largest bioreactor had a less dynamic but more efficient and diverse bacterial community throughout the study. The statistical analysis also suggests that deterministic factors, as opposed to stochastic factors, may have a bigger impact on the community structure in the largest bioreactor. Furthermore, the community seems to rely mainly on mechanisms of resistance and functional redundancy to maintain functional stability. We suggest that the ecological theories behind the Island Biogeography model and the species-area relationship were appropriate to predict the assembly of bacterial communities in these CAS bioreactors. These results are of great importance for engineers and ecologists as they reveal critical aspects of CAS systems that could be applied towards improving bioreactor design and operation.
Items Based Fuzzy C-Mean Clustering for Collaborative Filtering

Collaborative Filtering is a method behind the successful of Recommendation System that is widely used especially in E-Commerce website. It boosts profit for E-Commerce website by trying to predict user interested from peer’s opinions and offering proper products that match user’s interested. A challenge for collaborative filtering is data characteristics i.e. amount of data always large and contains a lot of missing values. Hence it is not easy to perform high recommendation accuracy. In addition, the computational cost of Collaborative Filtering is always highly expensive from scalability issue and hard to predict from cold start and sparsity. There are several approaches but Item based approach is effcient and easy algorithm that reduces effect of scalability by performing calculation on item side instead of user side. In this paper we propose an approach to improve Item based method by applying Fuzzy C-Mean algorithm over Item based to partition items into several clusters and perform prediction against clusters. Primary advantage is greatly reduces computation cost on MovieLens dataset. Our approach shows that it overcomes scalability, cold start and sparsity. It saves more than 99% computational time and does not change the prediction quality eventually real-time prediction and website responsive can be processed much faster.
Cross‐Functional Team Organizational Citizenship Behavior in China: Shared Vision and Goal Interdependence Among Departments

This study proposes that a shared organizational vision develops cooperative interdependence among departments that, in turn, facilitates cross-functional teams’ organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Team members indicated their organizations’ shared vision, and leaders indicated the goal interdependence among departments and the OCB of the teams. Structural equation analysis suggested that a shared organizational vision shapes goal interdependence among departments that, in turn, affected the OCB of 101 cross-functional teams. The analysis suggested combining independent and competitive goals, and this combined measure negatively predicted team OCB. These results suggest that a shared organizational vision and cooperative goals among departments are important foundations for crossfunctional teams to contribute to the effective working of organizations through citizenship behavior. jasp_554 2879.2909
Simplified Experimental Evaluation of Radio Emitter Localization Using UAV-Based Sensors

Recently, various efforts have been made to utilize Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), even for application technologies expected in the future including positioning/localization. For examples, UAVs can be used to detect the location of victims in disaster areas to facilitate the rescue support. They can be also used to estimate the position of illegally emitted radio wave sources for monitoring proper radio wave usage. In conventional studies, the positioning/localization of ground-based radio wave sources were conducted using the positional fingerprinting method by placing multiple radio-frequency (RF) sensors at predetermined locations in an urban environment. In this paper, time-series based fingerprinting method is further-more proposed using aerial RF sensors. Specifically, the proposed low-cost and high-accuracy location estimation method is realized by flying a single UAV as a receiving sensor on a predetermined trajectory and expanding the data used in the original location fingerprinting method with respect to the time axis to achieve a time-series data. Simplified validation experiments are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed method in this paper.
A Polymeric Nanoparticle Encapsulated Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Hedgehog Signaling (NanoHHI) Bypasses Secondary Mutational Resistance to Smoothened Antagonists

Aberrant activation of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is one of the most prevalent abnormalities in human cancer. Tumors with cell autonomous Hh activation (e.g., medulloblastomas) can acquire secondary mutations at the Smoothened (Smo) antagonist binding pocket, which render them refractory to conventional Hh inhibitors. A class of Hh pathway inhibitors (HPI) has been identified that block signaling downstream of Smo; one of these compounds, HPI-1, is a potent antagonist of the Hh transcription factor Gli1 and functions independent of upstream components in the pathway. Systemic administration of HPI-1 is challenging due to its minimal aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. We engineered a polymeric nanoparticle from [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); (PLGA)] conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), encapsulating HPI-1 (NanoHHI). NanoHHI particles have an average diameter of approximately 60 nm, forms uniform aqueous suspension, and improved systemic bioavailability compared with the parent compound. In contrast to the prototype targeted Smo antagonist, HhAntag (Genentech), NanoHHI markedly inhibits the growth of allografts derived from Ptch−/+; Trp53−/− mouse medulloblastomas that harbor a SmoD477G binding site mutation (P < 0.001), which is accompanied by significant downregulation of mGli1 as well as bona fide Hh target genes (Akna, Cltb, and Olig2). Notably, NanoHHI combined with gemcitabine also significantly impedes the growth of orthotopic Pa03C pancreatic cancer xenografts that have a ligand-dependent, paracrine mechanism of Hh activation when compared with gemcitabine alone. No demonstrable hematologic or biochemical abnormalities were observed with NanoHHI administration. NanoHHI should be amenable to clinical translation in settings where tumors acquire mutational resistance to current Smo antagonists. Mol Cancer Ther; 11(1); 165–73. ©2011 AACR.
A Survey on Sybil Attack in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

Ad-hoc network is new and emerging technology. Researchers are gaining interest in this technology. Due to its open nature it is vulnerable to various attacks. Sybil attack is one of them. Various defense techniques have been given by researchers. In this work we briefly explain those defense techniques, given recently. We categorize these techniques as trusted certificates base, resource testing based and social network based. We give an overview of some defense schemes based on first two categories. We also give a summary of the techniques given in this paper, which is based on some parameters used in those techniques. KeywordsAd-hoc Network, Sybil Attack, Certification Authority.
Thrombospondin modulates focal adhesions in endothelial cells

We examined the effects of thrombospondin (TSP) in the substrate adhesion of bovine aortic endothelial cells. The protein was tested both as a substrate for cell adhesion and as a modulator of the later stages of the cell adhesive process. TSP substrates supported the attachment of some BAE cells, but not cell spreading or the formation of focal adhesion plaques. In contrast, cells seeded on fibrinogen or fibronectin substrates were able to complete the adhesive process, as indicated by the formation of focal adhesion plaques. Incubation of cells in suspension with soluble TSP before or at the time of seeding onto fibronectin substrates resulted in an inhibition of focal adhesion formation. Furthermore, the addition of TSP to fully adherent cells in situ or prespread on fibronectin substrates caused a reduction in the number of cells, which were positive for focal adhesions, although there was no significant effect on cell spreading. In a dose-dependent manner, TSP reduced the number of cells with adhesion plaques to approximately 60% of control levels. The distribution of remaining adhesion plaques in TSP-treated cells was also altered: plaques were primarily limited to the periphery of cells and were not present in the central cell body, as in control cells treated with BSA. The observed effects were specific for TSP and were not observed with platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, or fibronectin. The TSP-mediated loss of adhesion plaques was neutralized by the addition of heparin, fucoidan, other heparin-binding proteins, and by a monoclonal antibody to the heparin binding domain of TSP, but not by antibodies to the core or carboxy-terminal regions of TSP. The interaction of the heparin- binding domain of TSP with cell-associated heparan sulfate appears to be an important mechanistic component for this activity of TSP. These data indicate that TSP may have a role in destabilizing cell adhesion through prevention of focal adhesion formation and by loss of preformed focal adhesions.
Impact of exercise (walking) on blood pressure levels in African American adults with newly diagnosed hypertension.

OBJECTIVES To determine whether the encouragement of walking an extra 30 minutes a day decreases blood pressure in adult African Americans with newly diagnosed hypertension. DESIGN Randomized controlled study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A total of 19 African American adults with newly diagnosed hypertension from an urban family medicine office were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. INTERVENTION The intervention group was advised to walk an extra 30 minutes per day. The control group was not given this advice. All subjects used pedometers to record the number of daily steps. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention and control groups after six months of trial, controlling for age and body mass index. RESULTS At the end of six months, a mixed analysis of covariance did not reveal a significant group-by-time interaction for systolic blood pressure. However, positive effects of walking were evidenced; adjusted mean systolic blood pressure dropped by 9.0% for those in the intervention group and 2.33% for those in the control group. Similarly, adjusted mean diastolic pressure dropped by 7.42% for the intervention group and remained essentially unchanged for the control group (P = .08) CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that walking an extra 30 minutes a day is associated with lower mean blood pressure among adult African Americans with newly diagnosed hypertension.
Regulation of alveolar epithelial function by hypoxia

Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and high-altitude pulmonary oedema build up excess lung fluid, which leads to alveolar hypoxia. In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and hypoxia, there is a decrease in oedema fluid clearance, due in part to the downregulation of plasma membrane sodium–potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase). In alveolar epithelial cells, acute hypoxia promotes Na,K-ATPase endocytosis from the plasma membrane to intracellular compartments, resulting in inhibition of Na,K-ATPase activity. Exposure to prolonged hypoxia leads to degradation of plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase. The downregulation of plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase reduces adenosine triphosphate demand, as part of a survival mechanism of cellular adaptation to hypoxia. Hypoxia has also been shown to disassemble and degrade the keratin intermediate filament network, a fundamental component of the cell cytoskeleton, affecting epithelial barrier function. Accordingly, better understanding of the mechanisms regulating cellular adaptation to hypoxia may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for acute respiratory distress syndrome and high-altitude pulmonary oedema patients.
Theory of Synesthesia Applied to Persuasion in Print Advertising Headlines

Synesthetic metaphors are prevalent historically in popular culture, including advertising. Such metaphors equate sense A to sense B, such as hearing to sight, as demonstrated in the advertising headline, “Can't You Just Hear This Color? ” In clinical terms, synesthesia is a rare condition in which stimulation of one sense produces an involuntary perception in another. For example, a person actually sees vivid, corresponding colors when listening to sound. Although awareness of synesthesia began with the study of synesthetes, the general population can enjoy a synesthetic experience metaphorically. As a consequence of its clinical roots, psychological implications, and aesthetic impact, synesthesia has received attention in diverse disciplines. The experiment reported here tests hypotheses regarding the persuasive impact of synesthetic metaphor in print advertising headlines. Findings suggest that in some circumstances, synesthetic headlines produce less, rather than more, favorable attitudes toward the advertisement and brand than literal equivalents.
Meso-scale turbulence in living fluids

Turbulence is ubiquitous, from oceanic currents to small-scale biological and quantum systems. Self-sustained turbulent motion in microbial suspensions presents an intriguing example of collective dynamical behavior among the simplest forms of life and is important for fluid mixing and molecular transport on the microscale. The mathematical characterization of turbulence phenomena in active nonequilibrium fluids proves even more difficult than for conventional liquids or gases. It is not known which features of turbulent phases in living matter are universal or system-specific or which generalizations of the Navier–Stokes equations are able to describe them adequately. Here, we combine experiments, particle simulations, and continuum theory to identify the statistical properties of self-sustained meso-scale turbulence in active systems. To study how dimensionality and boundary conditions affect collective bacterial dynamics, we measured energy spectra and structure functions in dense Bacillus subtilis suspensions in quasi-2D and 3D geometries. Our experimental results for the bacterial flow statistics agree well with predictions from a minimal model for self-propelled rods, suggesting that at high concentrations the collective motion of the bacteria is dominated by short-range interactions. To provide a basis for future theoretical studies, we propose a minimal continuum model for incompressible bacterial flow. A detailed numerical analysis of the 2D case shows that this theory can reproduce many of the experimentally observed features of self-sustained active turbulence.
Mitochondrial ferritin is a functional iron-storage protein in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) roots

In plants, intracellular Fe trafficking must satisfy chloroplasts' and mitochondrial demands for Fe without allowing its accumulation in the organelles in dangerous redox-active forms. Protein ferritin is involved in such homeostatic control, however its functional role in mitochondria, differently from its role in chloroplasts, is still matter of debate. To test ferritin functionality as a 24-mer Fe-storage complex in mitochondria, cucumber seedlings were grown under different conditions of Fe supply (excess, control, deficiency) and mitochondria were purified from the roots. A ferritin monomer of around 25 KDa was detected by SDS-PAGE in Fe-excess root mitochondria, corresponding to the annotated Csa5M215130/XP_004163524 protein: such a monomer is barely detectable in the control mitochondria and not at all in the Fe-deficient ones. Correspondingly, the ferritin 24-mer complex is abundant in root mitochondria from Fe-excess plants and it stores Fe as Fe(III): such a complex is also detectable, though to a much smaller extent, in control mitochondria, but not in Fe-deficient ones. Cucumber ferritin Csa5M215130/XP_004163524 is therefore a functional Fe(III)-store in root mitochondria and its abundance is dependent on the Fe nutritional status of the plant.
Comparison of Cauliflower Disease Prediction by CNN & ResNet-50

The bacterial soft rot and black spots on cauliflower have significant effect on cauliflowers and causes severe loss of vegetation and capital. Bacterial Soft Rot leaves cauliflower un-edible, the causing agent (Erwinia and Pseudomonas Species) enters through growth cracks or wounds caused by several factors like cold temperature, insects, other disease organisms or by mechanical means. Under humid and warm conditions, healthy curds (head of cauliflowers) may become infected. Affected crops have offensive odors. Black Spots on other hand does not progress deep into curd (head) of cauliflower but leaves cauliflower unmarketable. The causing agent (Alternaria Brassicaceae) can survive between seasons and can travel through wind and can affect plants in proximity. Downy Mildew and Black Rot are other two diseases affecting leaves of Cauliflower.
The emotional S1-S2 paradigm for exploring brain mechanisms underlying affective modulation of expectancy

From the past decade to date, research on the interactive brain mechanisms between attention and emotion studied through event-related potentials (ERPs) has increasingly grown. This brain signal reflects fast and swift cognitive processing due to its excellent temporal resolution and it has become a suitable tool in order to study several issues concerning cognitive processing. In this chapter we present a detailed description of an ‘emotional variant’ of the S1 (cue)-S2 (target) task that has been typically used to explore vigilance-related attention. The application of the emotional S1-S2 paradigm elicits an affective modulation effect on a brainwave that has been related to expectancy, the early Contingent Negative Variation (eCNV). In this chapter we will present several issues concerning different methodological aspects to take into account when applying this paradigm and some details related to the procedures of quantification and analysis of the ERP data. Finally, some findings obtained through the use of the emotional S1-S2 protocol are summarized and some of its different application possibilities (e.g., clinical samples) are proposed. ∗ Corresponding author: Departamento de Psicologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Avda. Atenas s/n, 28922 Alcorcon, Madrid, SPAIN. Phone: +34 91 488 8943. Fax: +34 91 488 8954. E-mail: francisco.mercado@urjc.es Francisco Mercado, Jose Antonio Hinojosa, Cecilia Penacoba et al. 2