Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developing basic configuration of triangle array antenna for circularly polarized-Synthetic Aperture Radar sensor application

The development of radar technology, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) requires the communication facilities and infrastructures that have variety of platforms and high quality of image. In this paper, we obtain the basic configuration of triangle array antenna using corporate feeding-line for Circularly Polarized- Synthetic Aperture Radar (CP-SAR) sensor embedded on small UAV or drone airspace with compact, small, and simple configuration. The Method of Moments (MoM) is chosen in the numerical analysis for fast calculation of the unknown current on the patch antenna. The developing of triangle array antenna is consist of four patches of simple equilateral triangle patch with adding truncated corner of each patch and resonant frequency at f = 1.25 GHz. Proximity couple, perturbation segment, single feeding method are applied to generate the circular polarization wave from radiating patch. The corporate feeding-line design is implemented by combining some T-junctions to distribute the current from input port to radiating patch and to reach 2×2 patches. The performance results of this antenna, especially for gain and axial ratio (Ar) at the resonant frequency are 11.02 dBic and 2.47 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the two-beams appeared at boresight in elevation plane have similar values each other i.e. for average beamwidth of 10 dBic-gain and the 3 dB-Ar are about 20° and 70°, respectively.
Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Relate to Risk of Adenomatous Polyps in a Sex-Specific Manner

ABSTRACT Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms may influence risk for adenomatous polyps (AP), a benign precursor to colon cancer, via modulation of vitamin D sensitive pathways, including cell proliferation and differentiation. However, results have been mixed and any association remains contentious. Failure to clinically exclude the presence of (AP in control cohorts may contribute to the lack of consensus. Therefore, we assessed the role of the FokI, BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI VDR polymorphisms in modifying risk for AP, adjusting for a range of dietary and lifestyle variables. Blood was collected from colonoscopy patients (n = 258) and VDR polymorphisms assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Dietary habits were estimated from food frequency questionnaires. Odds ratios for AP were calculated by genotype, stratified by sex, and adjusted for age, lifestyle, and dietary factors. FokI was associated with modified risk for AP in males, whereas the BsmI/ApaI/TaqI haplotype was associated with modified risk in females. No interaction was found between VDR variants and vitamin D intake. This study offers novel insight into the potential for VDR genetics to contribute to risk for AP and is the first to demonstrate a sex-specific relationship between these polymorphisms and risk for AP.
Validation of enhanced kinect sensor based motion capturing for gait assessment

Optical motion capturing systems are expensive and require substantial dedicated space to be set up. On the other hand, they provide unsurpassed accuracy and reliability. In many situations however flexibility is required and the motion capturing system can only temporarily be placed. The Microsoft Kinect v2 sensor is comparatively cheap and with respect to gait analysis promising results have been published. We here present a motion capturing system that is easy to set up, flexible with respect to the sensor locations and delivers high accuracy in gait parameters comparable to a gold standard motion capturing system (VICON). Further, we demonstrate that sensor setups which track the person only from one-side are less accurate and should be replaced by two-sided setups. With respect to commonly analyzed gait parameters, especially step width, our system shows higher agreement with the VICON system than previous reports.
Wholesale Commodity Prices in the United States, 1795-1824

T HE index numbers of prices here presented in monthly form for the period I795 to I824 were constructed as a part of a study of the financial history of the United States during and immediately following the War of i8I2.1 To students of international trade, government finance, and money, banking, and prices, the developments of a hundred years ago are of interest because of the similarity between that period and the recent war and post-war period. It is hoped that the index numbers of commodity prices at wholesale may be of service to students of the history of these years. Such series provide a continuous record around which non-quantitative data may be organized, and, being sensitive barometers of economic life, they enable us to say something concerning the timing and the magnitude of the effect of the forces at work. A description of the construction of the indexes of prices in the United States from I795 to I824 is given in Part I below. Three indexes of prices in the Boston marketone of the prices of domestically produced goods, one of imported goods, and one of domes'tically produced and imported goods (the "all commodities" index) have been computed by months for the 30 years. In this section also indexes of prices of domestic goods quoted in the markets of New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, from i8io to I8I9, are presented. In Part II the index numbers for the years i802-2o,have been examined to find out when business recessions and crises occurred, and some non-statistical material has been quoted which helps to explain the movements of prices in this period. Our conclusions concerning the causes of fluctuations in prices must necessarily be tentative, for the data upon which our judgment must be based are fragmentary.
Method of Task Assignment for UAV Based on Particle Swarm Optimization in logistics

In recent years, there are many research achievements in the fields of logistics and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). But the research achievement of the combination of the two fields is few. Researching on the combination of the UAV filed and the logistics filed has theoretical significance. Effective logistics system and task assignment strategy play an important role in reducing the operation cost of logistics enterprise as well as improving transport efficiency. In this paper, according to the Vehicle Routing Problems with Time Windows (VRPTW), we establish the model of task assignment for UAV in logistics. This model takes multi-constraints (such as weight coefficients, time-windows constraints, the constraints of the UAV and so on ) into account. And then the task assignment problem with multiple constraints is solved by improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm which is suitable for solving complex combinatorial optimization problems. Meanwhile, we make some modification for the PSO to suit for the acquirement of mutually exclusive. The basic principle and simulation steps of the improved PSO algorithm is described in detail. And a simulation example is given. Furthermore, we compare PSO with Genetic Algorithm. The simulation results show that this algorithm is efficient to solve the problem of task assignment for UAV.
Feasibility and measurement properties of the functional reach and the timed up and go tests in the Canadian study of health and aging.

BACKGROUND Physical performance measures may offer advantages over self-report in the functional assessment of older people. Estimates of the feasibility, reliability, and construct validity of these measures in large, heterogeneous samples are necessary to establish their importance relative to traditional measures of function. METHODS Analysis of clinical data from Phase 2 of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, a nation-wide representative survey of elderly people in Canada (N = 2,305). RESULTS Both physical performance measures proved infeasible in many subjects (29.3% for the Timed Up and Go [TUG], 35.9% for the Functional Reach [FR]). Cognitive impairment was the most important determinant of inability to complete the tests. For those able to complete the tests, cognitively unimpaired subjects could reach farther (median 29 cm) and complete the TUG in less time (median 12 seconds) than those cognitively impaired (25 cm for FR, 15 seconds for the TUG). Test-retest reliability between the screening and clinical administrations of the TUG was . 56 for all participants (intra-class correlations), . 50 for the cognitively unimpaired, and . 56 for the cognitively impaired. Construct validity was substantial, and correlations between performance measures and self-report activities of daily living (ADL) measures ranged from . 40 to . 70. Compared with a global clinical measure of frailty, correlations were more modest (.38 to .60). CONCLUSIONS The FR and the TUG were not feasible tools in this study. The TUG showed poor test-retest reliability. Our data support the observation that subsequent studies of measurement instruments typically reveal lower performance than the original reports.
Flutter Characteristics of Typical Wing Sections of a Box Wing Aircraft Configuration

In this paper, the aeroelastic modeling and conceptual flutter analysis of a simple 2-D box wing is investigated. For each wing the torsion and bending elasticity is simulated by two torsional and longitudinal springs at its elastic axis. Furthermore, the connection winglet is simulated by a longitudinal spring. The aeroelastic governing equations are derived using Lagrange’s equations. Also, for aeroelastic loads simulation on the box wing, the Theodorsen aerodynamic model is used. The effects of various design parameters such as front and rear wing physical and geometrical properties, the connection winglet angle and stiffness, and aircraft altitude on the flutter of the system are investigated. Results show that the connection winglet stiffness and angle have significant influence on the box wing flutter boundary.
High contrast and fast three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging at high fields

A new three‐dimensional imaging strategy based on magnetization prepared ultrafast gradient recalled echo technique that demonstrates pronounced T1 contrast at high fields is introduced. High‐resolution three‐dimensional image sets of human brain showing high contrast between white and gray matter areas are presented. The ratio of contrast‐to‐noise was examined as a function of the relevant parameters in the imaging sequence; calculations based on high‐field T1 values as well as the experimental data demonstrated that maximal contrast‐to‐noise ratio is attained under the same magnetization preparation conditions both for cortical and subcortical gray matter relative to white matter, leading to approximately equivalent appearance of all gray matter areas in the same image. In addition, the images displayed clear visualization of subtle anatomical structures such as the subthalamic nuclei (ventral tier nuclei, dorsomedial nucleus, and pulvinar) and mammillothalamic tracts.
Effect of asymmetric coupled-line in ultra-wideband filter design

After authorized by FCC, ultra-wideband passband, whose frequency range is 3.1GHz–10.6GHz, has created a great interest in the whole world. UWB filter is an important part of UWB communication system. Coupled lines designing felicitously can insure better performance of the filter. Generally, traditional symmetric coupled-line is usually used in UWB filter design. In this paper, we propose a new kind of asymmetric coupled-line in stead of traditional symmetric coupled-line. Then, our work test different pairs of coupled-line, and the result show that the asymmetric coupled-line had a better performance than the traditional symmetric coupled-line without destroying the group delay.
ARID1A Is Essential for Endometrial Function during Early Pregnancy

AT-rich interactive domain 1A gene (ARID1A) loss is a frequent event in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas. Endometriosis is a disease in which tissue that normally grows inside the uterus grows outside the uterus, and 50% of women with endometriosis are infertile. ARID1A protein levels were significantly lower in the eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis compared to women without endometriosis. However, an understanding of the physiological effects of ARID1A loss remains quite poor, and the function of Arid1a in the female reproductive tract has remained elusive. In order to understand the role of Arid1a in the uterus, we have generated mice with conditional ablation of Arid1a in the PGR positive cells (Pgr cre/+ Arid1a f/f; Arid1a d/d). Ovarian function and uterine development of Arid1a d/d mice were normal. However, Arid1a d/d mice were sterile due to defective embryo implantation and decidualization. The epithelial proliferation was significantly increased in Arid1a d/d mice compared to control mice. Enhanced epithelial estrogen activity and reduced epithelial PGR expression, which impedes maturation of the receptive uterus, was observed in Arid1a d/d mice at the peri-implantation period. The microarray analysis revealed that ARID1A represses the genes related to cell cycle and DNA replication. We showed that ARID1A positively regulates Klf15 expression with PGR to inhibit epithelial proliferation at peri-implantation. Our results suggest that Arid1a has a critical role in modulating epithelial proliferation which is a critical requisite for fertility. This finding provides a new signaling pathway for steroid hormone regulation in female reproductive biology and furthers our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie dysregulation of hormonal signaling in human reproductive disorders such as endometriosis.
Characterization of a Salt-Tolerant Family 42 β-Galactosidase from a Psychrophilic AntarcticPlanococcus Isolate

ABSTRACT We isolated a gram-positive, halotolerant psychrophile from a hypersaline pond located on the McMurdo Ice Shelf in Antarctica. A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of this organism showed that it is a member of the genus Planococcus. This assignment is consistent with the morphology and physiological characteristics of the organism. A gene encoding a β-galactosidase in this isolate was cloned in an Escherichia coli host. Sequence analysis of this gene placed it in glycosidase family 42 most closely related to an enzyme from Bacillus circulans. Even though an increasing number of family 42 glycosidase sequences are appearing in databases, little information about the biochemical features of these enzymes is available. Therefore, we purified and characterized this enzyme. The purified enzyme did not appear to have any metal requirement, had an optimum pH of 6.5 and an optimum temperature of activity at 42°C, and was irreversibly inactivated within 10 min when it was incubated at 55°C. The enzyme had an apparent Km of 4.9 μmol ofo-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside, and theVmax was 467 μmol ofo-nitrophenol produced/min/mg of protein at 39°C. Of special interest was the finding that the enzyme remained active at high salt concentrations, which makes it a possible reporter enzyme for halotolerant and halophilic organisms.
Host Proteolytic Activity Is Necessary for Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Capsid Protein Assembly*

Background: Virus capsid assembly and maturation are regulated by viral and host molecular factors. Results: The puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase cleaves the capsid protein precursor of a double-stranded RNA virus (IBDV). Conclusion: Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase activity is essential for IBDV replication. Significance: Understanding crucial host factors for virus assembly is important for selecting efficient heterologous expression systems and for determining potential antiviral targets. In many viruses, a precursor particle, or procapsid, is assembled and undergoes massive chemical and physical modification to produce the infectious capsid. Capsid assembly and maturation are finely tuned processes in which viral and host factors participate. We show that the precursor of the VP2 capsid protein (pVP2) of the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a double-stranded RNA virus, is processed at the C-terminal domain (CTD) by a host protease, the puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase (PurSA). The pVP2 CTD (71 residues) has an important role in determining the various conformations of VP2 (441 residues) that build the T = 13 complex capsid. pVP2 CTD activity is controlled by co- and posttranslational proteolytic modifications of different targets by the VP4 viral protease and by VP2 itself to yield the mature VP2-441 species. Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase is responsible for the peptidase activity that cleaves the Arg-452-Arg-453 bond to generate the intermediate pVP2-452 polypeptide. A pVP2 R453A substitution abrogates PurSA activity. We used a baculovirus-based system to express the IBDV polyprotein in insect cells and found inefficient formation of virus-like particles similar to IBDV virions, which correlates with the absence of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase in these cells. Virus-like particle assembly was nonetheless rescued efficiently by coexpression of chicken PurSA or pVP2-452 protein. Silencing or pharmacological inhibition of puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase activity in cell lines permissive for IBDV replication caused a major blockade in assembly and/or maturation of infectious IBDV particles, as virus yields were reduced markedly. PurSA activity is thus essential for IBDV replication.
Blind maximum likelihood sequence estimation for fading channels

Maximum a posteriori (MAP) sequence estimation for channels with intersymbol interference (ISI) has previously required knowledge of the channel sampled impulse response (SIR). Generally the SIR coefficients are determined via least mean squares (LMS) or recursive least squares (RLS) estimation algorithms. For many unguided media channels such as mobile radio and high frequency (HF) radio exhibiting a time-varying SIR, these estimators must be adaptive. Often they fail to track adequately and are a major source of detector deterioration. A novel blind maximum likelihood sequence estimation (BMLSE) formulation without the need for external channel SIR estimation is proposed and implementation issues discussed. Its performance is simulated and compared to the contemporary technique, MLSE with external LMS channel estimation. <<ETX>>
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Carbon Nanotubes as Gigahertz Oscillators

From the discovery of carbon nanotubes by Iijima [1] as a by-product of fullerene synthesis, the carbon science has experienced an intense growth. These discoveries revealed that carbon solid is capable of forming novel nanosize structures [2]. Similarly to graphite, the intershell interaction in multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) is predominantly van der Waals [1], and since the interlayer corrugation is small [3,4], it is expected that individual cylinders of MWNTs might easily slide or rotate one with respect to the other. In the area of technological applications, carbon nanotubes are playing a special role. In particular, the fabrication of nanomechanical systems operating in gigahertz order frequencies is now a possible achievement. Recently, Cumings and Zettl [5] demonstrated the controlled and reversible telescopic extension of MWNT, thus reaching ultralow-friction nanoscale linear bearing. This exploit was possible due to the discovery of a method [6] whereby the ends of a MWNT can be carefully opened in a way that the core nanotubes are left fully intact and protruding. Using static models on a slightly modified Cumings and Zettl set up, Zheng et al. [7,8] have showed that multishelled nanotubes could lead to gigahertz nanooscillators. Once the reliability of such nanodevices depends on the consideration of effects as temperature and time fluctuations, we have carried out the first molecular dynamics studies for these systems on the framework of classical mechanics with standard molecular force fields [9,10]. The calculations were performed considering structures containing up to 6,000 carbon atoms. Our results show that telescopic extension and retraction movements are possible for a large combination of tube diameters and types. However, sustained oscillation are only possible when the radii differences between inner and outer are of ~3. 4Å, independently of tube type.
Thromboxane receptor signalling in renal ischemia reperfusion injury

Abstract F2-isoprostanes are formed by oxidative modification of arachidonic acid and are the gold standard for detection of oxidative stress in vivo. F2-isoprostanes are biologically active compounds that signal through the thromboxane A2 (TP) receptor; infusion of F2-isoprostanes reduces glomerular filtration in the kidney by constricting afferent arterioles. This study investigated whether endogenous F2-isoprostanes contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic acute kidney injury, which is associated with oxidative stress and reduced glomerular filtration. TP receptor knockout mice—that lack F2-isoprostanes and thromboxane A2 signalling—and wild-type control mice underwent 30 min of renal ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion. Kidney dysfunction, histological injury and the number of infiltrated neutrophils were similar between the two mouse strains, whereas TP receptor knockout mice had significantly more apoptotic cells and tissue lipid peroxidation than their wild-type counterparts. F2-isoprostanes and thromboxane B2 were readily detectable in urine collections after surgery. The findings indicate that F2-isoprostanes and thromboxane A2 signalling do not contribute critically to the pathogenesis of ischemic acute kidney injury and more generally provide evidence against a prominent role for F2-isoprostanes signalling in exacerbating acute disease states associated with oxidative stress.
The physical nature of electrons with “anomalous” energies in fast atmospheric discharges

This paper deals with the phenomenon of runaway electrons generation in fast discharges under atmospheric pressures. For the first time we explain the existence of runaway electrons having so-called “anomalous” energies (above the applied voltage value) according to physical kinetics principles. The model we consider provides comprehensive information on the formation and development of runaway electron beams with respect to different initial experimental conditions. The numerical results we obtain fit the existing experimental data for discharges in air.
Reinforcement learning of shared control for dexterous telemanipulation: Application to a page turning skill

The ultimate goal of this study is to develop a method that can accomplish dexterous manipulation of various non-rigid objects by a robotic hand. In this paper, we propose a novel model-free approach using reinforcement learning to learn a shared control policy for dexterous telemanipulation by a human operator. A shared control policy is a probabilistic mapping from the human operator's (master) action and complementary sensor data to the robot (slave) control input for robot actuators. Through the learning process, our method can optimize the shared control policy so that it cooperates to the operator's policy and compensates the lack of sensory information of the operator using complementary sensor data to enhance the dexterity. To validate our method, we adopted a page turning task by telemanipulation and developed an experimental platform with a paper page model and a robot fingertip in simulation. Since the human operator cannot perceive the tactile information of the robot, it may not be as easy as humans do directly. Experimental results suggest that our method is able to learn task-relevant shared control for flexible and enhanced dexterous manipulation by a teleoperated robotic fingertip without tactile feedback to the operator.