Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cannabis (Cannabis sativa or C. indica) agriculture and the environment: a systematic, spatially-explicit survey and potential impacts

Cannabis agriculture is amulti-billion dollar industry in theUnited States that is changing rapidly with policy liberalization. Anecdotal observations fuel speculation about associated environmental impacts, and there is an urgent need for systematic empirical research. An example fromHumboldt County California, a principal cannabis-producing region, involved digitizing 4428 grow sites in 60 watershedswithGoogle Earth imagery. Growswere clustered, suggesting disproportionate impacts in ecologically important locales. Sixty-eight percent of growswere>500m fromdeveloped roads, suggesting risk of landscape fragmentation. Twenty-two percentwere on steep slopes, suggesting risk of erosion, sedimentation, and landslides. Five percent were<100m from threatened fish habitat, and the estimated 297 954 plants would consume an estimated 700 000m ofwater, suggesting risk of stream impacts. The extent andmagnitude of cannabis agriculture documented in our study demands that it be regulated and researched on parwith conventional agriculture.
A Mobile Health Intervention for Self-Management and Lifestyle Change for Persons With Type 2 Diabetes, Part 2: One-Year Results From the Norwegian Randomized Controlled Trial RENEWING HEALTH

Background Self-management is crucial in the daily management of type 2 diabetes. It has been suggested that mHealth may be an important method for enhancing self-management when delivered in combination with health counseling. Objective The objective of this study was to test whether the use of a mobile phone–based self-management system used for 1 year, with or without telephone health counseling by a diabetes specialist nurse for the first 4 months, could improve glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, self-management, and health-related quality of life compared with usual care. Methods We conducted a 3-arm prospective randomized controlled trial involving 2 intervention groups and 1 control group. Eligible participants were persons with type 2 diabetes with an HbA1c level ≥7.1% (≥54.1 mmol/mol) and aged ≥18 years. Both intervention groups received the mobile phone–based self-management system Few Touch Application (FTA). The FTA consisted of a blood glucose–measuring system with automatic wireless data transfer, diet manual, physical activity registration, and management of personal goals, all recorded and operated using a diabetes diary app on the mobile phone. In addition, one intervention group received health counseling based on behavior change theory and delivered by a diabetes specialist nurse for the first 4 months after randomization. All groups received usual care by their general practitioner. The primary outcome was HbA1c level. Secondary outcomes were self-management (heiQ), health-related quality of life (SF-36), depressive symptoms (CES-D), and lifestyle changes (dietary habits and physical activity). Data were analyzed using univariate methods (t test, ANOVA) and multivariate linear and logistic regression. Results A total of 151 participants were randomized: 51 to the FTA group, 50 to the FTA-health counseling (FTA-HC) group, and 50 to the control group. Follow-up data after 1 year were available for 120 participants (79%). HbA1c level decreased in all groups, but did not differ between groups after 1 year. The mean change in the heiQ domain skills and technique acquisition was significantly greater in the FTA-HC group after adjusting for age, gender, and education (P=.04). Other secondary outcomes did not differ between groups after 1 year. In the FTA group, 39% were substantial users of the app; 34% of the FTA-HC group were substantial users. Those aged ≥63 years used the app more than their younger counterparts did (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.02-7.12; P=.045). Conclusions The change in HbA1c level did not differ between groups after the 1-year intervention. Secondary outcomes did not differ between groups except for an increase in the self-management domain of skill and technique acquisition in the FTA-HC group. Older participants used the app more than the younger participants did.
Understanding the Perceived Usefulness and the Ease of Use of a Hospital Information System: the case of a French University Hospital

The goal of this study was to examine the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use of a Hospital Information System (HIS) for the care staff. We administrated a questionnaire composed of open-end and closed questions. As results, the perceived usefulness and ease of use are correlated with medical occupations. Content analysis of open questions highlights three factors influencing these constructs: ergonomics, errors in the documenting process and insufficient compatibility with the medical department or the occupation. While the results are consistent with literature, they show medical occupations do not report the same low rate of perceived usefulness and of ease of use. The main explanation consists in the medical risk in the prescription process for anesthesiologists, surgeons and physicians.
Personality, Objectives, Attitudes, Intentions and Behaviour: Modelling the Adoption of Current Recommended Practice by Farmers in the NSW Murray Catchment

The degradation of the natural resource base that derives from unsustainable farm practices is of major concern in Australia. Confronted with mounting evidence of the extent of this degradation, governments have employed a variety of policy instruments to induce change amongst the farming community. However, there remains a widely-held view that the rate of adoption of alternative practices falls well short of that required to avert disaster and additional measures are required to accelerate change. In this context, an understanding of the processes that lead particular farmers to adopt current recommended practices would provide valuable insights to assist policy formulation. Whilst some work has been undertaken in this area, a major deficiency resides in the failure to acknowledge the important role of ‘with-person’ factors, like personality and values or objectives. This paper reports the results of a study that deliberately set about to measure these within-person variables to enable policy makers to focus on those attributes most susceptible to change. Data were collected from over 500 farmers in the NSW Murray catchment which enabled the isolation of the farmers’ personality, objectives and attitudes to different farming practices. The results provide a useful contrast to other studies in this field by highlighting those aspects of the farmers’ decision that are most malleable to policy intervention.
Thresholds , Power , and Commentary BPC Sample Sizes in Clinical Neuroimaging

Replicability has become a major issue in the behavioral and biological sciences, and one of the goals of Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging is to publish articles that are designed and analyzed in a manner to ensure that they provide both novel and reliable insights into the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying mental disorders and the mechanisms of treatment response. Essential to this process are methods for type I error control, given the massive univariate testing that is often used in whole-brain imaging studies. The most widely used approach involves cluster-based correction (1), in which a height threshold for significance is established at the voxel level and a minimum number of contiguous voxels is required to exceed the likelihood that a given cluster would occur by chance alone. This approach was introduced by Forman et al. (1) and has remained popular for several reasons. First, correcting for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni and related methods at the voxel level requires very large effect sizes that are beyond the sizes typically seen in neuroimaging studies. Second, correction methods focused on a single voxel fail to capitalize on the fact that in blood oxygen level–dependent imaging studies, most “true-positive” activations extend beyond a single voxel. Concerns have been raised as to what the appropriate height threshold should be when cluster correction is applied. There are at least three competing concerns when making such a choice: false positives, false negatives, and the precision of spatial localization. Different researchers may prioritize different subsets of these concerns, depending on the type of study being conducted. For example, Woo et al. (2) used simulations to demonstrate that when lower height thresholds are used, clusters are larger, making it harder to detect activation in very small structures and limiting the ability to make precise anatomic inferences regarding the location of significant voxels. This constraint is important in studies in which a primary goal is testing hypotheses regarding functional specialization in subregions of the brain that are in close proximity. Based on these results, the authors suggested that height thresholds of at least p , . 001 should be used in functional imaging studies that use cluster-based correction for multiple comparisons. In addition, Woo et al. noted that at low height thresholds (e.g., p 5 .01), the false-positive rate at the whole-brain level may be higher than expected. At much higher height thresholds (e.g., p 5 .001), the whole-brain falsepositive rate is accurate or even conservative under some conditions (e.g., whole-brain false-positive rate , .05 with higher signal-to-noise levels). Studies such as the one by Woo et al. (2) are very important as the field of clinical neuroimaging matures and addresses the complex statistical challenges that face us and the need to
Titre : Title : Combining Pulsed and DC Gradients in a Clinical MRI-Based Microrobotic Platform to Guide Therapeutic Magnetic Agents in the Vascular Network Auteurs :

Magnetic Resonance Navigation (MRN) relies on the use of an upgraded clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner to navigate therapeutic, imaging, or diagnostic magnetic micro agents in the vascular network. Although the high homogeneous field in the tunnel of the MRI scanner increases the magnetization of the navigable agents towards full saturation, the magnetic gradients superposed on such a high homogeneous field, generated by the Imaging Gradient Coils (IGC) typically used for MR image slice selection, allow the induction of pulling forces to steer such agents in the targeted branches at the vessel’s bifurcations. However, increasing the magnitude of such gradients leads to a significant decrease of the duty cycle, leading to a substantial reduction of the effective steering force being applied. To increase such a duty cycle, a Steering Gradient Coils (SGC) assembly capable of higher magnitudes while maintaining a 100% duty cycle can be installed at the cost of a much slower slew rate. Here, the use and the potential effectiveness of IGC and/or SGC for guiding such agents are briefly investigated on the basis of known specifications and experimental data.
Class 1 (unique) tumor antigens of human melanoma. Identification of a 90,000 dalton cell surface glycoprotein by autologous antibody

Analysis of the humoral immune response of patients with melanoma has identified a small group of individuals with antibody to cell surface antigens that are restricted to autologous melanoma cells. These antigens, referred to as Class I or unique tumor antigens, are demonstrated by reactions between serum and cultured melanoma cells from the same patient and absorption tests with autologous and allogeneic normal and malignant cells to determine antibody specificity. Five Class 1 melanoma antigens have been defined to date, but insight into the nature of these antigens has been limited because antibodies identifying these antigens lacked detectable immunoprecipitating activity. We have now defined a Class 1 melanoma antigen (designated FD) that is immunoprecipitated by autologous antibody. FD antigen is identified by an IgG antibody present in the sera of patient FD, and peak titers of this antibody in tests with cultured autologous melanoma cells are in the range of 1:2048. By absorption tests, FD antigen could not be detected on any other cell type, including 33 allogeneic melanomas. Prolonged culture of FD melanoma cells resulted in decreased expression of FD antigen, but sublines could be obtained with stable antigen expression. FD antigen is trypsin and heat sensitive, neuraminidase resistant, and is shed in the culture medium. Immunoprecipitation of 125I-labeled cell membrane preparations revealed a 90,000 dalton component of pI 5.5. Serum immunoprecipitating activity could be absorbed by autologous melanoma cells but not by autologous B cells or allogeneic cell lines. A component of the same molecular mass could be precipitated from lysates of cells metabolically labeled with [3H]mannose. The membrane form of the FD antigen binds strongly to Con A-Sepharose and can be eluted with methyl-alpha-D-mannoside. The identification of a precipitating Class I antigenic system of melanoma facilitates efforts to generate monoclonal antibodies to this tumor antigen and to clone its coding sequence.
Simultaneous Layout Style and Logical Entity Recognition in a Heterogeneous Collection of Documents

Logical entity recognition in heterogeneous collections of document page images remains a challenging problem since the performance of traditional supervised methods degrades dramatically in case of many distinct layout styles. In this paper we present an unsupervised method where layout style information is explicitly used in both training and recognition phases. We represent the layout style, local features, and logical labels of physical regions of a document compactly by an ordered labeled X-Y tree. Style dissimilarity of two document pages is represented by the distance between their respective trees. During the training phase, document pages with true logical labels in training set are classified into distinct layout styles by unsupervised clustering. During the recognition phase, the layout style and logical entities of an input document are recognized simultaneously by matching the input tree to the trees in closest- matched layout style cluster of training set. Experimental results show that our algorithm is robust with both balanced and unbalanced style cluster sizes, zone over-segmentation, zone length variation, and variation in tree representations of the same layout style.
Differential Item Functioning in the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire

This secondary data analysis investigated differential item functioning (DIF) in the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) across demographic subgroups. The study was conducted at an academic primary care group practice on 3,954 patients aged 60 years and older who completed the SPMSQ during routine office visits. After adjusting for overall cognitive ability, women were more likely than men to respond correctly to name-of-this-place andmother's-maiden-name items. African Americans were more likely than Whites to correctly give their correct telephone numbers. Those with 0 to 8 years of education were less likely to name the current president and correctly answer the serial-threes item than those with 12 or more years of education. Those aged 80 or older were less likely to correctly identify the day of the week than those aged 60 to 69. Future studies seeking to develop newcognitive screening measures should perform DIF analyses in the instrument development phase to eliminate DIF items a priori.
Design of Active N-Path Filters

A design methodology for synthesis of active N-path bandpass filters is introduced. Based on this methodology, a 0.1-to-1.2 GHz tunable 6th-order N-path channel-select filter in 65 nm LP CMOS is introduced. It is based on coupling N-path filters with gyrators, achieving a “flat” passband shape and high out-of-band linearity. A Miller compensation method is utilized to considerably improve the passband shape of the filter. The filter has 2.8 dB NF, +25 dB gain, +26 dBm wideband IIP3 ( MHz), an out-of-band 1 dB blocker compression point B1dB,CP of +7 dBm (Δf = +50 MHz) and 59 dB stopband rejection. The analog and digital part of the filter draw 11.7 mA and 3-36 mA from 1.2 V, respectively. The LO leakage to the input port of the filter is ≤-64 dBm at a clock frequency of 1 GHz. The proposed filter only consists of inverters, switches and capacitors and therefore it is friendly with process scaling.
Myelodysplasia as assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry refines prognostic stratification provided by genotypic risk in systemic mastocytosis

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is characterized by extreme heterogeneity of manifestations and prognosis. Several disease‐related biomarkers, including clinical, hematological and molecular variables, have been correlated with prognosis. Although relevant, the mutation profile closely reflects the WHO classification that has per se prognostic value. High‐risk mutations (HRM) are largely confined to advanced forms, and thus fail in providing information regarding progression and outcome in the not‐advanced variants. In this work, we studied hematopoietic cells by multi‐parameter flow cytometry (MFC) in order to highlight dysplastic traits that might provide insights into outcome. A score previously validated for myelodysplastic syndromes, with high reproducibility in standard diagnostics, was used. The application of an MFC score to a cohort of 71 SM cases, concurrently genotyped for configuring a HRM category, resulted in the identification of two separate patients' categories (MFC+ and MFC‐) characterized by significantly different clinical and laboratory features at presentation. The extent of dysplasia by MFC tended to parallel WHO‐category and genotype‐related stratification. MFC+ patients had shorter survival compared to MFC‐ ones, for whom the incidence of progression and/or death was virtually null. Of note, MFC score remained prognostically informative in unadvanced subsets. Furthermore, the integration of MFC and HRM was an independent predictor for outcome, also overcoming WHO‐categories in multivariate analysis for EFS. Our results support the use of MFC analysis in the evaluation of patients with SM, alone and in combination with HRM, for refinement of prognosis assessment.
Modulo SDC scheduling with recurrence minimization in high-level synthesis

Loop pipelining is a high-level synthesis scheduling technique that overlaps loop iterations to achieve higher performance. However, industrial designs often have resource constraints and other constraints imposed by cross-iteration dependencies. The interaction between multiple constraints can pose a challenge for HLS modulo scheduling algorithms, which, if not handled properly can lead to a loop pipeline schedule that fails to achieve the minimum possible initiation interval. We propose a novel modulo scheduler based on an SDC formulation that includes a backtracking mechanism to properly handle multiple scheduling constraints and still achieve the minimum possible initiation interval. The SDC formulation has the advantage of being a mathematical framework that supports flexible constraints that are useful for more complex loop pipelines. Furthermore, we describe how to specifically apply associative expression transformations during modulo scheduling to restructure recurrences in complex loops to enable better scheduling. We compared our techniques to existing prior work in modulo scheduling in HLS and also compared against a state-of-art commercial tool. Over a suite of benchmarks, we show that our scheduler and proposed optimizations can result in a geomean wall-clock time reduction of 32% versus prior work and 29% versus a commercial tool.
Initial experience in small animal tumor imaging with a clinical positron emission tomography/computed tomography scanner using 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose.

The feasibility of small animal imaging using a clinical positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanner with [F-18]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) was evaluated. As tumor-bearing small animal models, rabbits with VX-2 liver tumors, rats with mammary tumors on the back, and mice with LS174T human colon tumor xenografts were prepared. Two-dimensional PET, CT, and fused PET/CT images were obtained and reconstructed with a combined PET/CT system using a conventional protocol for humans and dedicated high-resolution mode protocols specialized for each species. Estimated radioactivity concentrations in tumors and normal organs determined noninvasively on FDG-PET/CT were compared with the actual tissue radioactivity levels determined from gamma-counting after vivisection in rats. In addition, recovery-corrected radioactivity concentrations were calculated and evaluated using the tumor/normal organ sizes measured on CT. Tumors in rabbits and rats were clearly visualized by FDG-PET/CT in the dedicated protocols, and images were considered suitable for research purposes. With the aid of thin-slice CT-mapping images, FDG uptake was correctly localized in the viable tumor regions. In mice, increased FDG uptake in tumors with varying activity levels was observed, but detailed anatomical information was not optimally provided from the images, even using specialized protocols. The estimated radioactivity concentrations of tumors and normal organs were close to the actual radioactivity concentrations obtained by gamma-counting (r = 0.97, P < 0.001, the estimated/actual slope: 1) when recovery correction was applied using the sample sizes measured on CT. FDG-PET/CT imaging with a modern clinical scanner was demonstrated to be feasible, of excellent quality, and quite quantitatively accurate for research in rabbits or rats with tumors of appropriate size (>2 cm without recovery correction and >1 cm with recovery correction). Evaluation of FDG uptake within a tumor was possible with the aid of CT images. Dedicated small animal PET/CT scanner would be better suited for evaluating tumor-bearing mice and likely could enhance imaging smaller tumors in rabbits or rats. Although it has limitations, small animal imaging with a clinical PET/CT scanner may be quite adequate for sequential noninvasive imaging in oncology research because the CT is of high resolution, allowing for localization of PET findings and for more precise noninvasive estimation of radioactivity concentration through partial volume corrections.