Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Demagnetization Assessment for Three-Phase Tubular Brushless Permanent-Magnet Machines

We describe an analytical technique for assessing the risk of partial demagnetization in tubular permanent-magnet (PM) machines. The technique establishes analytical expressions for the open-circuit and armature reaction fields in the cylindrical coordinate system and superposes the fields in the permanent-magnet regions to determine the extent to which the magnets may be partially irreversibly demagnetized. We have applied the technique to a quasi-Halbach magnetized tubular PM machine equipped with a modular stator winding, and have validated the predictions by finite-element analysis. We found that partial demagnetization may occur even under an open-circuit operating condition when the machine is operating at high temperature. We propose alternative Halbach magnetization distributions that improve the demagnetization withstand capability. The analytical technique provides a computationally efficient tool for identifying regions that are prone to partial demagnetization and for assessing the consequences. It enables the risk of demagnetization to be fully assessed at the design stage so as to achieve a robust machine, particularly when operating in harsh environments.
Atomic Object Factory: Efficient, Consistent and Dependable Support for Distributed Objects

This paper introduces Atomic Object Factory (AOF), a novel implementation of the distributed object paradigm. AOF allows client applications to transparently manipulate and share remotely-stored objects, while providing strong guarantees on dependability, consistency and persistence. It leverages the support of a listenable key-value store (LKVS), a novel NoSQL storage abstraction that we introduce in this paper. AOF offers integrated language support at the application-facing interface tier. Its middle tier implements the distributed object functionalities atop the LKVS, including coordinated replication. AOF does not rely on a mapping phase and deals with objects end-to-end. It allows the composition of these objects and provide efficient access to their methods. In particular, AOF guarantees disjoint access parallelism: operations on distinct distribued objects make use of distinct LKVS components and execute in parallel. We assess the benefits of our approach in practice by comparing the implementation of a personal cloud storage service using AOF, to an implementation of the same application with a state-of-the-art object-relational mapping over a sharded PostgreSQL database. Our results show that AOF offers a simpler programming framework both in terms of learning time and lines of code, while performing better on average and being more scalable.
Why do UK academics become Associate Deans and what are their future career plans?

ABSTRACT The role and number of Associate Dean posts in UK universities has grown considerably in recent years. Despite this, relatively little is known about the reasons why individuals take on such roles and how it fits into their career trajectories. The purpose of this article is to explore these issues by drawing on data from the first national study of Associate Deans in the UK. Adopting a two-staged mixed methods approach, data were collected from semi-structured interviews (n = 15) and an online survey (n = 172). The findings suggest that academics take on the role for a number of reasons such as the challenge of working across the University, making a difference to staff and students, or being asked to take it on by a senior member of staff. It is argued that these Associate Dean roles are part of new and emerging academic career pathways within the higher education sector.
Mechanism of mda-5 Inhibition by Paramyxovirus V Proteins

ABSTRACT The RNA helicases encoded by melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda-5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) detect foreign cytoplasmic RNA molecules generated during the course of a virus infection, and their activation leads to induction of type I interferon synthesis. Paramyxoviruses limit the amount of interferon produced by infected cells through the action of their V protein, which binds to and inhibits mda-5. Here we show that activation of both mda-5 and RIG-I by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) leads to the formation of homo-oligomers through self-association of the helicase domains. We identify a region within the helicase domain of mda-5 that is targeted by all paramyxovirus V proteins and demonstrate that they inhibit activation of mda-5 by blocking dsRNA binding and consequent self-association. In addition to this commonly targeted domain, some paramyxovirus V proteins target additional regions of mda-5. In contrast, V proteins cannot bind to RIG-I and consequently have no effect on the ability of RIG-I to bind dsRNA or to form oligomers.
Airborne LIDAR-Derived Aboveground Biomass Estimates Using a Hierarchical Bayesian Approach

Conventional ground survey data are very accurate, but expensive. Airborne lidar data can reduce the costs and effort required to conduct large-scale forest surveys. It is critical to improve biomass estimation and evaluate carbon stock when we use lidar data. Bayesian methods integrate prior information about unknown parameters, reduce the parameter estimation uncertainty, and improve model performance. This study focused on predicting the independent tree aboveground biomass (AGB) with a hierarchical Bayesian model using airborne LIDAR data and comparing the hierarchical Bayesian model with classical methods (nonlinear mixed effect model, NLME). Firstly, we chose the best diameter at breast height (DBH) model from several widely used models through a hierarchical Bayesian method. Secondly, we used the DBH predictions together with the tree height (LH) and canopy projection area (CPA) derived by airborne lidar as independent variables to develop the AGB model through a hierarchical Bayesian method with parameter priors from the NLME method. We then compared the hierarchical Bayesian method with the NLME method. The results showed that the two methods performed similarly when pooling the data, while for small sample sizes, the Bayesian method was much better than the classical method. The results of this study imply that the Bayesian method has the potential to improve the estimations of both DBH and AGB using LIDAR data, which reduces costs compared with conventional measurements.
A low voltage, 10-2550MHz, 0.15/spl mu/ CMOS, process and divider modulus independent PLL using zero-VT MOSFETs

This paper presents a current-mode, feed-forward loop filter PLL architecture that uses a bandgap referencing technique to achieve a process independent damping factor. It requires no external loop filter settings and provides divider modulus independent loop time constants through the usage of linear-N dependent charge-pump currents. A low voltage operation is achieved with extensive usage of zero-VT MOSFETs throughout the signal path, while maintaining a tight process control of the time constants with RC defined products. The frequency synthesizer specifications include: 10-2550 MHz frequency range, 1.5V digital/1V analog supply voltage, sub 1% T/sub osc/ rms jitter, 35 mW power dissipation and 800 /spl times/ 200 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ die area.
Association of HSPA1B SNP rs6457452 with Alopecia Areata in the Korean Population

The heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B (HSPA1B), which has been well-studied among the famous heat shock proteins HSPA1A/B/L, is related to autoimmune diseases, including Alopecia Areata (AA). In this study, the association of a 5’-untranslated region (5’UTR) SNP rs6457452 and a promoter SNP rs2763979 (‐1140C > T) of HSPA1B with AA was investigated in 236 controls and 228 AA patients. Statistical analyses using the multiple logistic models were done, according to the onset and the clinical features of AA, including the age of onset, family history, type of AA lesion, nail involvement and body hair involvement. The results showed that rs6457452 was associated with the onset of AA (p < 0.002). In the analysis of clinical features of AA, rs6457452 was weakly related to the age of onset (p ≤ 0.04) and that rs2763979 was only weakly related to the type of AA lesion (p = 0.041). In conclusion, we suggest that the 5’UTR SNP rs6457452 of HSPA1B may be associated with the onset of AA and the T allele of rs6457452 may confer the reduced susceptibility to AA in the Korean population.
THE TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA RATE IN REDSHIFT 0.5–0.9 GALAXY CLUSTERS

Supernova (SN) rates are potentially powerful diagnostics of metal enrichment and SN physics, particularly in galaxy clusters with their deep, metal-retaining potentials and relatively simple star formation histories. We have carried out a survey for SNe in galaxy clusters, at a redshift range of 0.5 < z < 0.9, using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. We reimaged a sample of 15 clusters that were previously imaged by ACS, thus obtaining two to three epochs per cluster in which we discovered five likely cluster SNe, six possible cluster Type Ia supernovae, two hostless SN candidates, and several background and foreground events. Keck spectra of the host galaxies were obtained to establish cluster membership. We conducted detailed efficiency simulations, and measured the stellar luminosities of the clusters using Subaru images. We derive a cluster SN rate of 0.35SNuB +0.17−0.12(statistical) ±0.13(classification) ±0.01(systematic) (where SNuB = SNe (100 yr 1010 LB,☉)−1) and 0.112SNuM +0.055−0.039(statistical) ±0.042(classification) ±0.005(systematic) (where SNuM = SNe (100 yr 1010 M☉)−1). As in previous measurements of cluster SN rates, the uncertainties are dominated by small-number statistics. The SN rate in this redshift bin is consistent with the SN rate in clusters at lower redshifts (to within the uncertainties), and shows that there is, at most, only a slight increase of cluster SN rate with increasing redshift. The low and fairly constant SN Ia rate out to z ≈ 1 implies that the bulk of the iron mass in clusters was already in place by z ≈ 1. The recently observed doubling of iron abundances in the intracluster medium between z = 1 and 0, if real, is likely to be the result of redistribution of existing iron, rather than new production of iron.
Computational hemodynamics framework for the analysis of cerebral aneurysms

Assessing the risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysms is important for clinicians because the natural rupture risk can be exceeded by the small but significant risk carried by current treatments. To this end numerous investigators have used image‐based computational fluid dynamics models to extract patient‐specific hemodynamics information, but there is no consensus on which variables or hemodynamic characteristics are the most important. This paper describes a computational framework to study and characterize the hemodynamic environment of cerebral aneurysms in order to relate it to clinical events, such as growth or rupture. In particular, a number of hemodynamic quantities are proposed to describe the most salient features of these hemodynamic environments. Application to a patient population indicates that ruptured aneurysms tend to have concentrated inflows, concentrated wall shear stress distributions, high maximal wall shear stress, and smaller viscous dissipation ratios than unruptured aneurysms. Furthermore, these statistical associations are largely unaffected by the choice of physiologic flow conditions. This confirms the notion that hemodynamic information derived from image‐based computational models can be used to assess aneurysm rupture risk, to test hypotheses about the mechanisms responsible for aneurysm formation, progression, and rupture, and to answer specific clinical questions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ESTERASE MARKERS IN MOUSE RADIATION CHIMERAS

The application of nonspecific esterase markers to genetic (7, 8) amid histochemical (3, 5) studies has beemi rotmtimielv commducted in our laboratory. As part of ami omigoimig problenu we were concerned with the onigimi of the pulnuonary alveolar macrophage (PAM) (1, 2). Imi a previous study (6) two congemmic subhines of mice (i.e., HF/Al (+) and HF/Al (-) were shown to contaimi the prealbunuin esterase, Es-2 (4), in their PA1’sIs when the mice were (+) and lacked the enzyme whemi they were (-). Subsequently, reciprocal chimenism was produced imi these subhines (2) by adnuinistration of a lethal dose of x-irradiatiomi to HF/Al (-) mice and injectimig them with HF/Al (+) bone marrow and irradiating HF/Al (+) mice amid transplanting with RF/A1 (-) i)omme nuarrow. After a sufficient period of tinue, the recipiemit animals underwent
Robust finite-time fault diagnosis for leader-follower multi-agent systems

This paper concerns with the robust finite-time fault diagnosis of leader-follower multi-agent systems with actuator faults. Using linear matrix inequality (LMI) and robust finite-time boundedness theory, a sufficient condition is firstly presented for a dynamic system to be robust finite-time bounded. The observer is constructed based on relative output estimation error. Then the existence conditions of robust finite-time fault diagnosis observers are shown by means of LMI. According to the solution of LMI, the design method of the observer is given. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Dpb11 Controls the Association between DNA Polymerases α and ɛ and the Autonomously Replicating Sequence Region of Budding Yeast

ABSTRACT Dpb11 is required for chromosomal DNA replication and the S-phase checkpoint in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we report detection of a physical complex containing Dpb11 and DNA polymerase ɛ (Dpb11-Polɛ complex). During the S phase of the cell cycle, Dpb11 associated preferentially with DNA fragments containing autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs), at the same time as Polɛ associated with these fragments. Association of Dpb11 and Polɛ with these fragments was mutually dependent, suggesting that the Dpb11-Polɛ complex associates with the ARS. Moreover, Dpb11 was required for the association of Polα-primase with the fragments. Thus, it seems likely that association of the Dpb11-Polɛ complex with the ARS fragments is required for the association of the Polα-primase complex. Hydroxyurea inhibits late-origin firing in S. cerevisiae, and the checkpoint genes, RAD53 and MEC1, are involved in this inhibition. In the presence of hydroxyurea at temperatures permissive for cell growth, Polɛ in dpb11-1 cells associated with early- and late-origin fragments. In wild-type cells, however, it associated only with early-origin fragments. This indicates that Dpb11 may also be involved in the regulation of late-origin firing. Overall, these results suggest that Dpb11 controls the association between DNA polymerases α and ɛ and the ARS.
Quantitative analysis of the viewpoint consistency constraint in model-based vision

The authors present a quantitative analysis of the viewpoint consistency constraint (VCC), which is the fundamental principle behind model-based methods for recognizing 3-D objects from 2-D data. It defines a measure of viewpoint consistency error (VCE), based on a formal model of image feature errors. Existing methods for establishing feature correspondences using the VCC are discussed. The poor performance of incremental methods is demonstrated and attributed to the failure to ensure that global consistency improves during search. A more reliable method, viewpoint consistency ascent, which uses the VCE explicitly as a heuristic for a state-space search, is presented. The two algorithms are compared in an experimental study. The approach to quantitative analysis of alternative algorithms is illustrated, which may be applied to model based object recognition more generally. <<ETX>>
Depressive symptoms and human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Chennai, India

Men who have sex with men (MSM) in India are a hidden population, facing unique environmental stressors and cultural pressures that place them at risk for depression. Depression may affect HIV risk behavior in MSM, and may affect the degree to which MSM may benefit from HIV prevention interventions. Depression in MSM in India, however, has largely been understudied. Two hundred ten MSM in Chennai completed an interviewer-administered behavioral assessment battery, which included the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), demographics, sexual risk and identity, and other psychosocial variables. Over half (55%) of the sample exceeded the cutoff (CES-D ≥ 16) to screen in for clinically significant depressive symptoms; this was associated with having had unprotected anal sex (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.01–3.87) and higher number of male partners (OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01–1.07). Statistically significant bivariate predictors of meeting the screen in for depressive symptoms included sexual identity (Kothi > Panthi; OR = 4.90; 95% CI: 2.30–10.54), not being married (OR = 3.40; 95% CI: 1.72–6.81), not having a child (OR = 4.40; 95% CI: 2.07–9.39), family not knowing about one's MSM identity (OR = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.18–4.90), having been paid for sex (OR = 5.10; p 95% CI: 2.87–9.47), and perceiving that one is at risk for acquiring HIV (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17; continuous). In a multivariable logistic-regression model, unique predictors of screening in for depressive symptoms included not being married (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 1.23–7.65), having been paid for sex (AOR = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.87–7.99) and the perception of increased risk for HIV (AOR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03–1.21; continuous); unprotected anal sex in the 3 months prior to study enrollment approached statistical significance (AOR = 2.00; 95% CI: 0.91–4.48). Depression among MSM in Chennai is of concern and should be considered while developing HIV prevention interventions with this population. MSM who are not married, sex workers, and those who perceive they are at risk for acquiring HIV may be of higher risk for symptoms of depression.
Superior electrochemical platforms based on polymer carbon nanotube composite electrodes

Putting insulating polymers into a highly conductive single-walled carbon nanotube paper leads to excellent electrochemical performance; fast redox reactions and high signal to background noise ratio. The ability of such composites to serve as superior electrochemical platforms was investigated by using DC and AC cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical platforms show benefits in sensing applications with fast signal generation and low limits of detection.
How to integrate the aging of employees into occupational health policies: the approach of a French company.

BACKGROUND Since 2010, French companies must integrate or retain seniors to avoid a fine of 1% of their payroll. OBJECTIVE This work examines how to integrate the aging of employees into occupational health policies. METHODS The literature on the complex relationships between age, work and health has been reviewed, and the feasibility of potential actions has been addressed. RESULTS In the company setting, few diseases are specific to seniors. With retirement age postponing, chronic diseases may appear more frequently in people still working. Physiological aging linked to a functional decline is variable. Occupational wear and tear can result in some functional deterioration. Seniors can experience difficulties coping with heavy time demands that restrict their ability to organize the work, with physical stresses due to their diminished muscular capacity, and with unconventional schedules that have long-term deleterious effects on sleep quality and alertness. CONCLUSIONS This position paper makes recommendations for adapting work organization and occupational medical care. Protective measures for seniors should be integrated in a global approach to improving work conditions for all. Aging employees need some leeway to develop experience-based strategies for bypassing new difficulties. Revising work rhythms and developing autonomy seem to be means for progress.
Electrostatic shape control of a charged molecular membrane from ribbon to scroll

Significance Controlling the shape and internal architecture of assemblies of amphiphiles is critical for many technologies. The structure, and thus the function, of these assemblies reconfigures in response to stimuli, via mechanisms that are often elusive. Here, we observe and explain how molecular reordering driven by variations in electrostatic screening length induce micrometer-scale structural changes in crystalline membranes of charged, chiral molecules: The transformation of high aspect ratio, planar bilayers into scroll-like cochleates by increasing the solution salt content is described and explained. Our study suggests that this transformation should be general to charged bilayers possessing a spontaneous curvature. Bilayers of amphiphiles can organize into spherical vesicles, nanotubes, planar, undulating, and helical nanoribbons, and scroll-like cochleates. These bilayer-related architectures interconvert under suitable conditions. Here, a charged, chiral amphiphile (palmitoyl-lysine, C16-K1) is used to elucidate the pathway for planar nanoribbon to cochleate transition induced by salt (NaCl) concentration. In situ small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS), atomic force and cryogenic transmission electron microscopies (AFM and cryo-TEM) tracked these transformations over angstrom to micrometer length scales. AFM reveals that the large length (L) to width (W) ratio nanoribbons (L/W > 10) convert to sheets (L/W → 1) before rolling into cochleates. A theoretical model based on electrostatic and surface energies shows that the nanoribbons convert to sheets via a first-order transition, at a critical Debye length, with 2 shallow minima of the order of thermal energy at L/W >> 1 and at L/W = 1. SAXS shows that interbilayer spacing (D) in the cochleates scales linearly with the Debye length, and ranges from 13 to 35 nm for NaCl concentrations from 100 to 5 mM. Theoretical arguments that include electrostatic and elastic energies explain the membrane rolling and the bilayer separation–Debye length relationship. These models suggest that the salt-induced ribbon to cochleate transition should be common to all charged bilayers possessing an intrinsic curvature, which in the present case originates from molecular chirality. Our studies show how electrostatic interactions can be tuned to attain and control cochleate structures, which have potential for encapsulating, and releasing macromolecules in a size-selective manner.
A radviz-based visualization for understanding fuzzy clustering results

Fuzzy clustering analysis is an effective method to describe the uncertainty relationship between data objects and clusters. However, fuzzy clustering results will become complex and high-dimensional membership degree matrixes when they contain a large number of data points and multiple clusters. In this paper, we propose a Radviz-based interactive visualization to help users understand fuzzy clustering results. Firstly, we utilize the projection mechanism of Radviz to map the membership degree matrixes onto planar and radial pictures, in which data points with low membership uncertainty are located near Radviz circumference, while the others are scattered in the center of Radviz circle. To provide an informative interactive visualization, we then improve traditional Radviz visualization in many aspects, including implementing an optimal and uneven placement of dimension anchors by using the Prim algorithm, designing visual codings of data points and dimension arcs to express statistical information, combining chord diagram to depict the sharing relationship between clusters, and offering a set of interactions to support deeper exploration. Finally, we use a case study to illustrate the effectiveness and usefulness of our visualization.