Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glutamine attenuates acute lung injury by inhibition of high mobility group box protein-1 expression during sepsis

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is reported as the main factor responsible for the beneficial effects of glutamine (GLN) and as a negative regulator of high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) expression. Our aim was to determine whether GLN attenuates acute lung injury (ALI) by the inhibition of HMGB-1 expression during sepsis. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis. GLN or saline was administered through tail vein 1 h after CLP. Then, quercetin (Q), an inhibitor of HSP70, was utilised to assess the role of the enhanced HSP70. We observed the survival of the subjects. At 24 h post-CLP, we measured lung HSP70, phosphorylated heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1-p) and HMGB-1 expressions, NF-κB DNA-binding activity and ALI occurrence. We also measured serum HSP70, IL-6 and HMGB-1 concentrations. GLN improved survival during sepsis. In GLN-treated rats, lung HSP70 and HSF-1-p expressions were enhanced, lung HMGB-1 expression and NF-κB DNA-binding activity were suppressed, and ALI was attenuated. Furthermore, in GLN-administered rats, serum HSP70 concentration was higher, and serum IL-6 and HMGB-1 concentrations were lower than those in non-treated rats. Q inhibited the enhancement of HSP70 and HSF-1-p expressions and abrogated the GLN-mediated benefits. In conclusion, GLN attenuated ALI and improved survival by the inhibition of HMGB-1 expression during sepsis in rats. These benefits were associated with the enhancement of HSP70 expression by GLN.
UDEL CIS Working Notes in ImageCLEF 2016

Figures play an important role within biomedical publications. A typical and essential first step toward using images is the detection of compound figures and their separation into panels. In ImageCLEF’16 our team has participated in the compound figure detection and separation tasks, where we utilized a method based on connected component analysis (CCA) to detect and to separate compound figures, while extending CCA in several ways to improve correct detection of subfigures while avoiding over-fragmentation. We have also participated in the Subfigure Classification task, where we employed an array of global image characteristics and a merge-split strategy coupled with neural network classifiers. We describe here the methods used in each task and analyze the performance of our system.
Energy-Efficient Location Estimation Using Variable Range Beacons in Wireless Sensor Networks

In a randomly deployed wireless sensor network, sensor nodes must determine their own geographic position coordinates so that the collected data can be ascribed to the location from where it was gathered. We propose a localization algorithm which uses variable range beacon signals generated by varying the transmission power of beacon nodes. The algorithm does not use any additional hardware resources for ranging and estimates position using only radio connectivity by passively listening to the beacon signals. The algorithm is distributed, so each sensor node determines its own position and communication overhead is avoided. As the beacon nodes do not always transmit at maximum power and no transmission power is used by unknown sensor nodes for localization, the algorithm is also energy efficient. It also provides control over localization granularity. Simulation results show that the algorithm provides good accuracy under varying radio conditions.
A Selector of Grid Resources based on the Semantic Integration of Multiple Ontologies

Different resources descriptions from different virtual organizations in a grid environment, exemplifies the challenge to match a specific resource, that could have similar characteristics, but with diverse descriptions. The use of a semantic matching method, based on ontology descriptions, is an alternative that can be considered by a software package to tackle this problem. However, recent researches indicate that fully automated systems are not able to recognize all possible relations between different ontologies. In other words, the human interaction is necessary after the recognition phase, when preliminary results are obtained from an ontology matching operation. This interaction is important in order to build a more logic knowledge to create efficient queries. In this article, we present a prototype tool which was designed and implementated to reduce issues related to match grid resource.
Cross-correlation of the phases of the CMB and foregrounds derived from the WMAP data

We present circular and linear cross-correlation tests and the ‘friend-of-friend’ analysis for phases of the Internal Linear Combination Map (ILC) and the WMAP foregrounds for all K−W frequency bands at the range of multipoles l≤ 100. We also compare Tegmark, de Oliveira-Costa & Hamilton and Naselsky et al. cleaned maps with corresponding foregrounds. We have found significant deviations from the expected Poissonian statistics for all the cleaned maps and foregrounds. Our analysis shows that, for a low multipole range of the cleaned maps, power spectra contain some of the foregrounds residuals mainly from the W band.
An Insecticide Further Enhances Experience-Dependent Increased Behavioural Responses to Sex Pheromone in a Pest Insect

Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used to protect plants against pest insects, and insecticide residues remaining in the environment affect both target and non-target organisms. Whereas low doses of neonicotinoids have been shown to disturb the behaviour of pollinating insects, recent studies have revealed that a low dose of the neonicotinoid clothianidin can improve behavioural and neuronal sex pheromone responses in a pest insect, the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, and thus potentially improve reproduction. As male moth behaviour depends also on its physiological state and previous experience with sensory signals, we wondered if insecticide effects would be dependent on plasticity of olfactory-guided behaviour. We investigated, using wind tunnel experiments, whether a brief pre-exposure to the sex pheromone could enhance the behavioural response to this important signal in the moth A. ipsilon at different ages (sexually immature and mature males) and after different delays (2 h and 24 h), and if the insecticide clothianidin would interfere with age effects or the potential pre-exposure-effects. Brief pre-exposure to the pheromone induced an age-independent significant increase of sex pheromone responses 24 h later, whereas sex pheromone responses did not increase significantly 2 h after exposure. However, response delays were significantly shorter compared to naïve males already two hours after exposure. Oral treatment with clothianidin increased sex pheromone responses in sexually mature males, confirming previous results, but did not influence responses in young immature males. Males treated with clothianidin after pre-exposure at day 4 responded significantly more to the sex pheromone at day 5 than males treated with clothianidin only and than males pre-exposed only, revealing an additive effect of experience and the insecticide. Plasticity of sensory systems has thus to be taken into account when investigating the effects of sublethal doses of insecticides on behaviour.
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Center for Human Modeling and Simulation Department of Computer & Information Science January 2002 Eyes Alive

For an animated human face model to appear natural it should produce eye movements consistent with human ocular behavior. During face-to-face conversational interactions, eyes exhibit conversational turntaking and agent thought processes through gaze direction, saccades, and scan patterns. We have implemented an eye movement model based on empirical models of saccades and statistical models of eye-tracking data. Face animations using stationary eyes, eyes with random saccades only, and eyes with statistically derived saccades are compared, to evaluate whether they appear natural and effective while communicating.
Between-array normalization for 450K data

The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip is frequently used in epigenetic research. Besides quantile normalization there is currently no standard method to normalize the data between arrays. We describe some properties of the data generated by this platform and present a normalization method based on local regression. We compare the performance of this method with other commonly used approaches in three benchmarks (correlation between 21 pairs of technical replicates, detection of differential methylation and correlation of methylation levels for smoking-associated CpG sites with smoking behavior of 655 participants of an epidemiological study). Results indicate that the proposed method improves reproducibility, whereas some commonly used methods can have adverse effects.
Ageneralmodel for the structureandallometry of plant vascularsystems

664 NATURE | VOL 400 | 12 AUGUST 1999 | www.nature. com point mutations on the performance of digital organisms. In all cases, the ®tness (replication rate) of each mutant was calculated in the same environment in which its simple or complex parent evolved, and the mutant's ®tness is expressed relative to the parent. The ®rst tool makes every possible one-step point mutant for a particular parent. The default set includes 28 different instructions; given a parent of genome length 80, for example, there are 80 3 28 2 1  2;160 different one-step point mutants. The mean ®tness of these mutants permits exact calculation of a in the decay test. The second tool produces a random sample of progeny that differ from their parent by two or more point mutations. For each parent, we generated between 10 and 10 progeny with two mutations, three mutations and so on, up to ten mutations. The third tool produces and analyses pairs of point mutations alone and in combination; for each two-step mutant, we have both corresponding one-step mutants. Having the single mutants allows us to compare a double mutant's actual ®tness with the exact value expected under the hypothesis that the mutations interact in a multiplicative manner. We ran the pair test on 10 and 10 mutational pairs for each complex and simple organism, respectively. Statistical methods. We performed the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test on the difference scores for all comparisons between complex and simple organisms. This test re ̄ects the evolutionary relationship between pairs of organisms; it is also non-parametric and thus insensitive to deviations from a normal distribution. To estimate b in the decay tests, we minimized the sum of squared deviations around the log-transformed mean ®tness values. We excluded samples with fewer than 100 viable mutants, in which case log mean ®tness was poorly estimated. By increasing sample size to 10, we can obtain additional viable mutants; the exclusion of some values because of insuf®cient sampling appears to have no systematic effect on estimation of b.
Estimating the speaking rate by vowel detection

We present a new feature-based method for estimating the speaking rate by detecting vowels in continuous speech. The features used are the modified loudness and the zerocrossing rate which are both calculated in the standard preprocessing unit of our speech recognition system. As vowels in general correspond to syllable nuclei, the feature-based vowel rate is comparable to an estimate of the lexically-based syllable rate. The vowel detector presented is tested on the spontaneously spoken German Verbmobil task and is evaluated using manually transcribed data. The lowest vowel error rate (including insertions) on the defined test set is 22.72% on average over all vowels. Additionally correlation coefficients between our estimates and reference rates are calculated. These coefficients reach up to 0.796 and therefore are comparable to those for lexically-based measures (like the phone rate) on other tasks. The accuracy is sufficient to use our measurement for speaking rate adaptation.
Do as I say: exploring human response to a predictable and unpredictable robot

Humans are known to feel engaged and at the same time apprehensive when presented with unpredictable behaviour of other agents or humans. Predictable behaviour is thought to be reliable but boring. We argue that is imperative to evaluate human response to (un)predictable robots for a better understanding of Human Robot Interaction Scenarios, manipulated across robot embodiment. The results of our controlled experiment with 23 participants showed that predictable robot behaviour resulted in more patience on behalf of the user and robot embodiment had no significant effect. In conclusion, we also discuss the importance of robot role on the perception of predictability in robot behaviour.
A Survey of Expert Finding in Academic Social Network

Social networks place an important role in sharin g knowledge, retrieving information from various websites.Recent studies suggest that an increasing participation of people in online activities like c ontent publishing, different kinds of relationships and interactions a mong people in online social network web sites. Web Data Extraction is an important problem that has been st udied by means of different scientific tools and in a broad range of application domains. This survey aims at providi ng a comprehensive overview of the research efforts made in the field of Profile Extraction from the Academic Socia l Network. In this paper tried to review some of th e accomplished research of expert finding and profile extraction. The contribution of this paper is base d on the extraction of social networks and a research framew ork for analyzing the experts in specified topics a nd co-author relationships in researcher network using various a lgorithms and tools.
Conceptual Architecture for QoS in Heterogeneous Networks

The advent of mobile-centric and wireless devices and the need to preserve and apply the ubiquitous Internet technology, which was originally conceived when mobility was not an issue, has posited the need to create augmented and modified models of communication that attempt to preserve the semantic integrity and transparency independent of the underlying communication infrastructure. The applications developed for mobile and wireless products that include multimedia attributes most certainly requires a provision of Quality of Service (QoS). Some of the problems in a heterogeneous wireless networks that either directly or indirectly influence the QoS are well known. These include but are not limited to reliable transport services, where reliability due to the infrastructure might prove to be liability rather then an asset, then asymmetrical nature of the traffic, and finally the problem of handoffs. In the paper, which is a report on an ongoing research, we propose an architecture that addresses the problems of the Internet technology deployment in wireless heterogeneous networks through an interesting conceptual framework. The basic architectural components of this model, once sufficiently explored and well defined, should be able to provide a desirable QoS in some aspects for the 4G networking.
Spectroscopic (UV/VIS, Raman) and Electrophoresis Study of Cytosine-Guanine Oligonucleotide DNA Influenced by Magnetic Field

Studying the effect of a magnetic field on oligonucleotide DNA can provide a novel DNA manipulation technique for potential application in bioengineering and medicine. In this work, the optical and electrochemical response of a 100 bases oligonucleotides DNA, cytosine-guanine (CG100), is investigated via exposure to different magnetic fields (250, 500, 750, and 1000 mT). As a result of the optical response of CG100 to the magnetic field, the ultra-violet-visible spectrum indicated a slight variation in the band gap of CG100 of about 0.3 eV. Raman spectroscopy showed a significant deviation in hydrogen and phosphate bonds’ vibration after exposure to the magnetic field. Oligonucleotide DNA mobility was investigated in the external electric field using the gel electrophoresis technique, which revealed a small decrease in the migration of CG100 after exposure to the magnetic field.
Predictive Probabilistic and Predictive Possibilistic Models for Risk Assessment in Grid Computing

We show a hybrid probabilistic and possibilistic model for assessing the risk of a service level agreement for a computing task in a cluster/grid environment. Using the predictive probabilistic approach we develop a framework for resource management in grid computing, and by introducing an upper limit for the number of failures we approximate the probability that a particular computing task is successful. In the possibilistic model we estimate the degree of possibility of success using a fuzzy nonparametric regression technique using the possibility distribution for the maximal number of failures derived from a resource provider’s observations. The probabilistic models scale from 10 nodes to 100 nodes and then on to any (reasonable) number of nodes; in the same fashion also the possibilistic models scale to 100 nodes and then on to any (reasonable) number of nodes. The resource provider can use both the probabilistic and the possibilistic models to get two alternative risk assessments and then he can choose either the probabilistic or the possibilistic risk assessment; or the hybrid model – which is a cautious/conservative approach.
NCU IISR System for NTCIR-11 MedNLP-2 Task

paper describes NCU IISR's Japanese ICD-10 Code Linking system for NTCIR-11 MedNLP. Our system uses Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) to label ICD-10 mentions and temporal expressions. We also use CRFs to detect the modalities of the ICD-10 mentions. To resolve the problem of ICD-10 mention normalization, we use the Lucene engine to link mentions to the corresponding ICD-10 database entries. Evaluated on the MedNLP test set, our system achieved f-scores of 79.96% for ICD-10 term recognition, 67.64% for time expression and 69.4% for ICD- 10 mention normalization. Team Name IISR
Virgin Coconut Oil Prevents Blood Pressure Elevation and Improves Endothelial Functions in Rats Fed with Repeatedly Heated Palm Oil

This study was performed to explore the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) in male rats that were fed with repeatedly heated palm oil on blood pressure, plasma nitric oxide level, and vascular reactivity. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: (i) control (basal diet), (ii) VCO (1.42 mL/kg, oral), (iii) five-times-heated palm oil (15%) (5HPO), and (iv) five-times-heated palm oil (15%) and VCO (1.42 mL/kg, oral) (5HPO + VCO). Blood pressure was significantly increased in the group that was given the 5HPO diet compared to the control group. Blood pressure in the 5HPO + VCO group was significantly lower than the 5HPO group. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) level in the 5HPO group was significantly lower compared to the control group, whereas in the 5HPO + VCO group, the plasma NO level was significantly higher compared to the 5HPO group. Aortic rings from the 5HPO group exhibited attenuated relaxation in response to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside as well as increased vasoconstriction to phenylephrine compared to the control group. Aortic rings from the 5HPO + VCO group showed only attenuated vasoconstriction to phenylephrine compared to the 5HPO group. In conclusion, VCO prevents blood pressure elevation and improves endothelial functions in rats fed with repeatedly heated palm oil.
Metalenses at visible wavelengths: Diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging

Multifunction planar optics Specially designed two-dimensional (2D) arrays of nanometer-scale metallic antennas, or metasurfaces, may allow bulky optical components to be shrunk down to a planar device structure. Khorasaninejad et al. show that arrays of nanoscale fins of TiO can function as high-end optical lenses. At just a fraction of the size of optical objectives, such planar devices could turn your phone camera or your contact lens into a compound microscope. Maguid et al. interleaved sparse 2D arrays of metal antennas to get multifunctional behavior from the one planar device structure (see the Perspective by Litchinitser). The enhanced functionality of such designed metasurfaces could be used in sensing applications or to increase the communication capacity of nanophotonic networks. Science, this issue pp. 1190 and 1202; see also p. 1177 A planar metasurface can function as a high-end optical lens. Subwavelength resolution imaging requires high numerical aperture (NA) lenses, which are bulky and expensive. Metasurfaces allow the miniaturization of conventional refractive optics into planar structures. We show that high-aspect-ratio titanium dioxide metasurfaces can be fabricated and designed as metalenses with NA = 0.8. Diffraction-limited focusing is demonstrated at wavelengths of 405, 532, and 660 nm with corresponding efficiencies of 86, 73, and 66%. The metalenses can resolve nanoscale features separated by subwavelength distances and provide magnification as high as 170×, with image qualities comparable to a state-of-the-art commercial objective. Our results firmly establish that metalenses can have widespread applications in laser-based microscopy, imaging, and spectroscopy.
Evaluation of Attention Bias in Morphine and Methamphetamine Abusers towards Emotional Scenes during Early Abstinence: An Eye-Tracking Study

Introduction: We hypothesized that inappropriate attention during the period of abstinence in individuals with substance use disorder can result in an inadequate perception of emotion and unsuitable reaction to emotional scenes. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the attentional bias towards emotional images in former substance abusers and compare it to healthy adults. Methods: Paired images of general scenes consisting of pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral images were presented to subjects for 3 s while their attentional bias and eye movements were measured by eye tracking. The participants were 72 male adults consisting of 23 healthy control, 24 morphine former abusers, and 25 methamphetamine former abusers. The former abusers were recruited from a private addiction quitting center and addiction rehabilitation campus. The healthy individuals were selected from general population. Number and duration of first fixation, duration of first gaze, and sustained attention towards emotional scenes were measured as the main variables and the data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA. Results: A significant difference was observed between former morphine abusers and healthy control in terms of number and duration of first fixations and first gaze duration towards pleasant images. Discussion: Individuals with morphine use disorder have more problems with attending to emotional images compared to methamphetamine abusers and healthy people.
Nuclear Trafficking of Retroviral RNAs and Gag Proteins during Late Steps of Replication

Retroviruses exploit nuclear trafficking machinery at several distinct stages in their replication cycles. In this review, we will focus primarily on nucleocytoplasmic trafficking events that occur after the completion of reverse transcription and proviral integration. First, we will discuss nuclear export of unspliced viral RNA transcripts, which serves two essential roles: as the mRNA template for the translation of viral structural proteins and as the genome for encapsidation into virions. These full-length viral RNAs must overcome the cell’s quality control measures to leave the nucleus by co-opting host factors or encoding viral proteins to mediate nuclear export of unspliced viral RNAs. Next, we will summarize the most recent findings on the mechanisms of Gag nuclear trafficking and discuss potential roles for nuclear localization of Gag proteins in retrovirus replication.