Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IMIMOL, A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR MOLECULAR GEOMETRY SPECIFICATION AND COMPUTATION

An easy to use and mathematically attractive method for specifying the three-dimensional geometry of molecules is made available in a new computer program: IMIMOL. The program allows the user to interact with the molecule through a natural two-dimensional interface, which also facilitates the building of large molecular structures. Furthermore, the tedium is now removed from certain molecular geometry calculations. We explain all the capabilities of IMIMOL, with detailed instructions for each procedure, and illustrate the power of the program with a biochemical example.
Graphical Information Based Power Flow Algorithm for Radial Distribution Networks

An efficient load flow solution method for radial distribution network is presented in this paper. The directed graph of a radial network shows power drawn and path of power flow from the reference node to the leaf end. A simple technique is used to sort input data and based on network graphical information power flow equations are formulated in matrix form to satisfy the need of distribution automation. In the algorithm input data are arranged to obtain sorted power injections, losses, branch currents and complex voltages using the novel equations. The ordered form of collection of input data and formulation of load flow information matrix are found to be excellent convergent over conventional methods. The methodology proposed here has been successfully demonstrated on an IEEE 15-Node network. The test results obtained are validated through MATLAB Ver. 7.0. The proposed method presented in the paper is found to be flexible and efficient.
Practical stabilization of driftless systems on Lie groups: the transverse function approach

A general control design approach for the stabilization of controllable driftless nonlinear systems on finite dimensional Lie groups is presented. The approach is based on the concept of bounded transverse functions, the existence of which is equivalent to the system's controllability. Its outcome is the practical stabilization of any trajectory, i.e., not necessarily a solution of the control system, in the state-space. The possibility of applying the approach to an arbitrary controllable smooth driftless system follows in turn from the fact that any controllable homogeneous approximation of this system can be lifted (via a dynamic extension) to a system on a Lie group. Illustrative examples are given.
A simple control method to avoid overshoot for prosthetic hand control

If grasping force of prosthetic hand is higher than the desired, the grasping object may produce undesired deformation or crash. In order to reduce the phenomenon, a simple control method is proposed to prevent overshoot of grasping force. Based on impedance control, a dynamic interaction force between a tendon-driven prosthetic hand and environment is modeled. A PID controller can be simple designed by using pole placement. The closed loop control system of prosthetic hand can be simplified as a first order damp system, which means that the control system is no overshoot. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed method.
Most Clusters Can Be Retrieved with Short Disjunctive Queries

Simple keyword based searches are ubiquitous in today's internet age. It is hard to imagine an information system today that does not permit a simple keyword based search. This method of information retrieval has the obvious benefits of being highly interpretable, and having wide usage. However, a general perception is that keyword search may not be as powerful an information retrieval paradigm as those that utilize data mining technologies. At the same time, the tremendous growth in textual information in various domains has also given impetus to data mining technologies such as document clustering. Document clustering is a powerful technique, having wide applications in enterprise information management (EIM). However, there is a general perception that the clusters it produces are not always easily interpretable. This hampers its usage in certain settings. This leads us to the following question: can we retrieve a cluster (from a corpus) using a keyword search with precision and recall that are reasonable from the point of view of a retrieval system? What is the form of such a keyword search? How many keywords do we require? How do we arrive at these keywords? Not only are these questions natural, they have immediate use in several highly regulated applications in EIM such as eDiscovery and compliance, where document sets must be specified using keywords. In order to answer our question, we construct a framework that uses maximal frequent discriminative item sets. The novelty of our usage of these item sets is that although their definition as frequent item sets is conjunctive, we use them to form a disjunctive query upon the corpus. We then study the results of this query as an information retrieval problem whose target is the cluster. Our study yields a surprising result: most clusters can be retrieved, up to reasonable precision and recall, using a disjunctive query of only three terms. Among other ramifications, this gives us a readily interpretable description of a cluster in terms of the disjunctive query that returns it.
Advanced method of face image processing and recognition based on Ssim technology

Recent advances in information and network technologies make verifying the identity of the operator necessary. The most promising technological development in this sphere is face recognition technology. To elucidate the mechanism of face recognition, this paper reviews the relevant literature on face recognition technology. After a careful comparative analysis of the pros and cons of different technologies, an Advanced Multi-Reference Re-ranking (AMR) of face recognition technology was carried out. This method includes three main elements: Local Feature, Compressed Global Feature and Structural Similarity (SSIM). The results show that the use of Local Feature can improve the re-ranking speed and the Compressed Global Feature and SSIM enhance the accuracy of detection.
Universal decoding for frequency-selective fading channels

We address the problem of universal decoding in unknown frequency-selective fading channels, using an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signaling scheme. A block-fading model is adopted, where the bands' fading coefficients are unknown yet assumed constant throughout the block. Given a codebook, we seek a decoder independent of the channel parameters whose worst case performance relative to a maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder that knows the channel is optimal. Specifically, the decoder is selected from a family of quadratic decoders, and the optimal decoder is referred to as a quadratic minimax (QMM) decoder for that family. As the QMM decoder is generally difficult to find, a suboptimal QMM decoder is derived instead. Despite its suboptimality, the proposed decoder is shown to outperform the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT), which is commonly used when the channel is unknown, while maintaining a comparable complexity. The QMM decoder is also derived for the practical case where the fading coefficients are not entirely independent but rather satisfy some general constraints. Simulations verify the superiority of the proposed QMM decoder over the GLRT and over the practically used training sequence approach.
Bankruptcies and aggregate economic fluctuations

This paper explores the determinants of aggregate economic fluctuations in Finland. The analysis makes use of aggregate monthly time series for some financial and non-financial variables. covering the period 1922-1990. In particular, we scrutinize the role of bankruptcies in the propagation mechanism of aggregate economic shocks. In analyzing the role of bankruptcies we also try to find out whether money or credit helps more in predicting the movements in corporate failures and overall economic activity. The empirical analyses indicate that bankruptcies constitute an important ingredient as regards the determination of other variables. It also tuI1J.s out that overall liquidity and firm failures are c10sely related. In comparing money and credit the former appears to be much more important as regards the . propagation mechanism. We also find that the basic relationships are strikingly stable over long periods. Finally, we find some evidence of non-linearities' in the financial and non-financial time series.
Detailed monitoring of a small but recovering population reveals sublethal effects of disease and unexpected interactions with supplemental feeding

Summary Infectious diseases are widely recognized to have substantial impact on wildlife populations. These impacts are sometimes exacerbated in small endangered populations, and therefore, the success of conservation reintroductions to aid the recovery of such species can be seriously threatened by outbreaks of infectious disease. Intensive management strategies associated with conservation reintroductions can further compound these negative effects in such populations. Exploring the sublethal effects of disease outbreaks among natural populations is challenging and requires longitudinal, individual life‐history data on patterns of reproductive success and other indicators of individual fitness. Long‐term monitoring data concerning detailed reproductive information of the reintroduced Mauritius parakeet (Psittacula echo) population collected before, during and after a disease outbreak was investigated. Deleterious effects of an outbreak of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) were revealed on hatch success, but these effects were remarkably short‐lived and disproportionately associated with breeding pairs which took supplemental food. Individual BFDV infection status was not predicted by any genetic, environmental or conservation management factors and was not associated with any of our measures of immune function, perhaps suggesting immunological impairment. Experimental immunostimulation using the PHA (phytohaemagglutinin assay) challenge technique did, however, provoke a significant cellular immune response. We illustrate the resilience of this bottlenecked and once critically endangered, island‐endemic species to an epidemic outbreak of BFDV and highlight the value of systematic monitoring in revealing inconspicuous but nonetheless substantial ecological interactions. Our study demonstrates that the emergence of such an infectious disease in a population ordinarily associated with increased susceptibility does not necessarily lead to deleterious impacts on population growth and that negative effects on reproductive fitness can be short‐lived.
Can top-down community enterprise development reduce poverty and out-migration? Evidence from Thailand

This article examines the performance of a poverty alleviation policy in Thailand known as the Small and Micro Community Enterprises (SMCEs) programme. It investigates provincial determinants affecting the establishments of the SMCEs and assesses the effects of the programme on household income and out-migration by using panel data analysis and propensity score matching model. The research findings indicated that such enterprises have spread widely. Average household expenditure, the rate of poverty, and agricultural output were significant predictors of SMCE establishments. However, the research did not find any concrete evidence to support the claim that this policy helped reduce poverty or out-migration.
Basal Cell Carcinoma in Gorlin’s Patients: a Matter of Fibroblasts-Led Protumoral Microenvironment?

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the commonest tumor in human. About 70% sporadic BCCs bear somatic mutations in the PATCHED1 tumor suppressor gene which encodes the receptor for the Sonic Hedgehog morphogen (SHH). PATCHED1 germinal mutations are associated with the dominant Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome (NBCCS), a major hallmark of which is a high susceptibility to BCCs. Although the vast majority of sporadic BCCs arises exclusively in sun exposed skin areas, 40 to 50% BCCs from NBCCS patients develop in non photo-exposed skin. Since overwhelming evidences indicate that microenvironment may both be modified by- and influence the- epithelial tumor, we hypothesized that NBCCS fibroblasts could contribute to BCCs in NBCCS patients, notably those developing in non photo-exposed skin areas. The functional impact of NBCCS fibroblasts was then assessed in organotypic skin cultures with control keratinocytes. Onset of epidermal differentiation was delayed in the presence of primary NBCCS fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, keratinocyte proliferation was severely reduced and showed high levels of nuclear P53 in both organotypic skin cultures and in fibroblast-led conditioning experiments. However, in spite of increased levels of senescence associated β-galactosidase activity in keratinocytes cultured in the presence of medium conditioned by NBCCS fibroblasts, we failed to observe activation of P16 and P21 and then of bona fide features of senescence. Constitutive extinction of P53 in WT keratinocytes resulted in an invasive phenotype in the presence of NBCCS fibroblasts. Finally, we found that expression of SHH was limited to fibroblasts but was dependent on the presence of keratinocytes. Inhibition of SHH binding resulted in improved epidermal morphogenesis. Altogether, these data suggest that the repertoire of diffusible factors (including SHH) expressed by primary NBCCS fibroblasts generate a stress affecting keratinocytes behavior and epidermal homeostasis. Our findings suggest that defects in dermo/epidermal interactions could contribute to BCC susceptibility in NBCCS patients.
Fibrinolytic Therapy in Acute Stroke

Acute ischemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe, North America, and Asia. Its treatment has completely changed over the past decade with different interventional approaches, such as intravenous trials, intra-arterial trials, combined intravenous/intra-arterial trials, and newer devices to mechanically remove the clot from intracranial arteries. Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plaminogen activator (tPA) within 4.5 hours of symptoms onset significantly improved clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Pharmacological intra-arterial thrombolysis has been shown effective until 6 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion and offers a higher rate of recanalization compared with intravenous thrombolysis, whereas combined intravenous/ intra-arterial thrombolysis seems to be as safe as isolated intravenous thrombolysis. The more recent advances in reperfusion therapies have been done in mechanical embolus disruption or removal. Merci Retriever and Penumbra System have been approved for clot removal in brain arteries, but not as a therapeutic modality for acute ischemic stroke since it is no clear whether mechanical thrombectomy improves clinical outcome in acute stroke. However, mechanical devices are being used in clinical practice for patients who are ineligible for tPA or who have failed to respond to intravenous tPA. We summarize the results of the major thrombolytic trials and the latest neurointerventional approaches to ischemic stroke.
Probing the Functional Equivalence of Otoferlin and Synaptotagmin 1 in Exocytosis

Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) use Ca2+-dependent exocytosis of glutamate to signal sound information. Otoferlin (Otof), a C2 domain protein essential for IHC exocytosis and hearing, may serve as a Ca2+ sensor in vesicle fusion in IHCs that seem to lack the classical neuronal Ca2+ sensors synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) and Syt2. Support for the Ca2+ sensor of fusion hypothesis for otoferlin function comes from biochemical experiments, but additional roles in late exocytosis upstream of fusion have been indicated by physiological studies. Here, we tested the functional equivalence of otoferlin and Syt1 in three neurosecretory model systems: auditory IHCs, adrenal chromaffin cells, and hippocampal neurons. Long-term and short-term ectopic expression of Syt1 in IHCs of Otof −/− mice by viral gene transfer in the embryonic inner ear and organotypic culture failed to rescue their Ca2+ influx-triggered exocytosis. Conversely, virally mediated overexpression of otoferlin did not restore phasic exocytosis in Syt1-deficient chromaffin cells or neurons but enhanced asynchronous release in the latter. We further tested exocytosis in Otof −/− hippocampal neurons and in Syt1−/− IHCs but found no deficits in vesicle fusion. Expression analysis of different synaptotagmin isoforms indicated that Syt1 and Syt2 are absent from mature IHCs. Our data argue against a simple functional equivalence of the two C2 domain proteins in exocytosis of IHC ribbon synapses, chromaffin cells, and hippocampal synapses.
Growth and Pigment Production on d-Tryptophan Medium by Cryptococcus gattii, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Candida albicans

ABSTRACT Given the increasing prevalence of cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus gattii (serotypes B and C) strains, there is a need for rapid and reliable tests that discriminate C. gattii from Cryptococcus neoformans (serotypes A, D, and AD). Seventy-two C. neoformans strains, sixty-seven C. gattii strains, and five Candida albicans strains were analyzed for their ability to grow and produce pigment on minimal d-tryptophan d-proline (m-DTDP) medium, on yeast carbon base d-tryptophan d-proline (YCB-DTDP) medium, and on fructose d-tryptophan glycine (m-FDTG) medium. Of the C. gattii and C. neoformans isolates, 94% and 0% grew on m-DTDP agar, respectively, and 98% and 0% grew in YCB-DTDP medium, respectively. C. gattii produced large amounts of brown intracellular pigment(s) on m-DTDP agar and smaller amounts of yellow-brown (amber) extracellular pigment(s). C. albicans grew on both media and produced a pink photoactivated pigment on m-DTDP agar. C. gattii produced large amounts of brown intracellular pigments on the differential medium m-FDTG, whereas C. neoformans produced smaller amounts of the brown pigments and C. albicans produced a pink pigment. The pigments produced by C. gattii from d-tryptophan were distinct and were not related to melanin formation from 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine. Thin-layer chromatography of the methanol-extracted C. gattii cells detected four different pigments, including brown (two types), yellow, and pink-purple compounds. We conclude that tryptophan-derived pigments are not melanins and that growth on m-DTDP or YCB-DTDP agar can be used to rapidly differentiate C. gattii from C. neoformans.
Simd isa extensions: tradeoff between power consumption and performance on a superscalar processor

Preface The limits imposed by power consumption are becoming an issue in most areas of computing. The need to limit power consumption is readily apparent in the case of portable and mobile computer platforms — the laptop and the cell phone being the most common examples. But the need to limit power in other computer settings is becoming important too. This workshop is the third in a series of workshops and tutorials designed to bring together researchers in the area of architecture-power trade-offs and provide a forum for them to discuss their preliminary ideas. It helped raise the awareness of the architecture community to concerns about power issues. This workshop was followed by a tutorial, the Cool Chips Tutorial at MICRO32 in Haifa, Israel. It assembled a group of speakers from leading microprocessor companies to give presentations on what they consider to be their critical low power issues now and in the future, and some possible solutions to these problems. Abstract This paper discusses early results from a project called Morph where the goal is to develop a microarchitecture that can adapt its intrinsic performance dynamically. By observing that power dissipation is, to a first approximation , proportional to a power of the performance, reducing the performance characteristics thus reduces the power even faster, resulting in greatly improved performance/ watt characteristics. These techniques are largely independent of other techniques, such as voltage scaling, and as such add an extra runtime " gear " which a real embedded system may manipulate. In addition to the microarchitecture work, the paper also briefly discusses the driving application to be used in its evaluation, namely planetary rovers, and a discussion of some of the runtime software considerations that will be necessary to work through to make the " gear-changing " a usable piece of technology to real applications. 1.0 Introduction Many embedded systems go through long periods of time where only a low level of compute performance is needed, followed by periods where performance needs peak. Current high performance microprocessors, however, are designed to meet these peak needs with microarchitectures that have fixed characteristics , and which provide much lower MIPS per watt measures than simpler, but less powerful CPUs. Thus, ignoring the potential from voltage scaling, the only " knob " that an embedded system can twist to lower power in less performance demanding time periods is clock scaling. Unfortunately, lowering the clock …
Plug-and-Play Voltage Stabilization in Inverter-Interfaced Microgrids via a Robust Control Strategy

This paper proposes a decentralized control strategy for the voltage regulation of islanded inverter-interfaced microgrids. We show that an inverter-interfaced microgrid under plug-and-play (PnP) functionality of distributed generations (DGs) can be cast as a linear time-invariant system subject to polytopic-type uncertainty. Then, by virtue of this novel description and use of the results from theory of robust control, the microgrid control system guarantees stability and a desired performance even in the case of PnP operation of DGs. The robust controller is a solution of a convex optimization problem. The main properties of the proposed controller are that: 1) it is fully decentralized and local controllers of DGs that use only local measurements; 2) the controller guarantees the stability of the overall system; 3) the controller allows PnP functionality of DGs in microgrids; and 4) the controller is robust against microgrid topology change. Various case studies, based on time-domain simulations in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems Toolbox, are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed control strategy in terms of voltage tracking, microgrid topology change, PnP capability features, and load changes.