Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delivering content with LTE Broadcast

Ericsson has demonstrated LTE Broadcast with evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services at a number of international trade shows. These demos have shown the solution's potential to create new business models for telcos and ensure consistent QoS, even in very densely populated places like sports venues. respondents stated they would watch more TV if the content was provided on their mobile device, and 61 percent said they would switch operator to gain access to mobile-TV services. The majority of respondents said content they would find interesting to watch while on the move includes local news and weather information, movies, national news, sitcoms and sports. To meet this growing demand for mobile TV, operators are rapidly updating their offerings, continuously adding new services and content to live and on-demand streams – increasing the volume of information transported. Naturally, this causes network utilization to rise, requiring more efficient ways to deliver content, while network dimensioning becomes all the more crucial , and new business models are needed to maintain ARPU. Given the direction in which the industry is clearly moving, Ericsson has developed an end-to-end LTE Broadcast the broadcast streams within the SFN that are of interest. In this way, devices download only relevant data – not everything within the area to then just throw unwanted data away. This ensures that devices work in a battery-efficient way. Business incentives The coextending evolution of mobile technologies and devices has made it possible for people to consume video using handheld equipment without compromising their experience. Based on an Ericsson ConsumerLab study 1 , the most recent Ericsson Mobility Report 2 , states that video is the biggest contributor to mobile-traffic volumes, accounting for more than 50 percent. And the growth of traffic is expected to continue , increasing 12-fold by 2018. According to another study, carried out by Mobile Content Venture 3 , more than half of US consumers would consider viewing programs on their smart-phones and tablets – 68 percent of
Hybrid approach for fault diagnosis based on CBR and ontology: Using jCOLIBRI framework

This The Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is a powerful and reflex natural, which is the reuse of past experiences in solving new problems and this is confirmed by experiments in psychology and in cognitive science. A CBR system is a combination of processes and knowledge called “knowledge containers“, Its reasoning power can be improved through the use of domain knowledge. CBR systems combining case specific knowledge with general domain knowledge models are called Knowledge Intensive CBR (KI-CBR). Although CBR claims to reduce the effort required for developing knowledge-based systems substantially compared with more traditional Artificial Intelligence approaches, the implementation of a CBR application from scratch is still a time consuming task. The present work aims to develop a CBR application for fault diagnosis of steam turbines that integrates a domain knowledge modeling in an ontological form and focuses on the similarity-based retrieval step. This system is view as a KI-CBR system based on domain ontology, built around jCOLIBRI a well-known framework to design KI-CBR systems. During prototyping, we examine the use and functionality of the focused framework.
Optimization of Cluster Heads Selection by Imperialist Competitive Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensor Networks are one of the most important distributed networks which are used in the wide range of applications. Energy is one of the major limitations of wireless sensor networks, which has direct impact on the network's life time. LEACH protocol is one of the most well- known Clustering schemes that select cluster heads randomly. Clustering is an effective topology control Approach in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we proposes new clustering algorithm that using an imperialist competitive algorithm to select cluster heads in LEACH algorithm. Simulation results show proposed algorithm can prolong the network lifetime efficiently compared with LEACH protocol.
Target detection for depth imaging using sparse single-photon data

This paper presents a new Bayesian model and associated algorithm for depth and intensity profiling using full waveforms from time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) measurements when the photon count in very low. The model represents each Lidar waveform as an unknown constant background level, which is combined in the presence of a target, to a known impulse response weighted by the target intensity and finally corrupted by Poisson noise. The joint target detection and depth imaging problem is expressed as a pixel-wise model selection problem which is solved using Bayesian inference. A Reversible Jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is proposed to compute the Bayesian estimates of interest. Finally, the benefits of the methodology are demonstrated through a series of experiments using real data.
Reclamation areas and their development studied by vegetation indices

Abstract Large areas in the Czech Republic were used for open casts of brown coal mining. Many of them have been already closed. Reclamation of them and of their dumps is the next step intheir development. It is possible to divide used reclamations into the forest, hydrologic, agricultural and other ones – roads, etc. Their age varies from 45 years to as yet unfinished. Reclaimed areas are documented in reclamation projects. Information about age and land use determined groups of these areas to be evaluated by vegetation indices. 100 areas with forest type were evaluated. Eight vegetation indices (NDVI, DVI, RVI, PVI, SAVI, MSAVI, TSAVI and EVI) were calculated and their average value in each area in 1988, 1992 and 1998 Thematic Mapper data were compared. Changes over years showed close relation to precipitations of previous periods. This relation was confirmed by evaluation of forest areas situated near reclamation areas. Positive/negative changes of vegetation indices were different for different groups and different vegetation indices. An overview of results of vegetation indices is presented for individual areas whose land use comprised at least partly forest stand. Results in a 4-year period (1988–1992) were in many areas by many indices negative, changes in 10 years were in most areas by most vegetation indices positive. Changes, minimum values and maximum values in groups were compared. Evaluation of vegetation indices brought again various results. One vegetation index is not sufficient to prove improvement/deterioration of vegetation changes. Precipitation state before measurement should be controlled. Temporary shortage of precipitation can cause vegetation cover deterioration, which is also only temporary. The best development derived from vegetation indices evaluation was found at forest reclamation with mixed tree stand that was 10–20 years old. The method was derived as a tool for post-finishing control of vegetation development of reclamations performed in several year periods.
The Analysis of Antecedents of Customer Loyalty in the Australian Mobile Telecommunication Market

Marketing mix factors such as price product value, facilitating conditions, and social influence; and factors such as customer satisfaction, customer experience, habit, hedonic motivation, performance expectancy, effort expectancy are the major antecedents of customer loyalty. As, loyal customers may buy more services and have a positive word-of-mouth effect. Moreover, it is evident from previous literature that the cost of selling service to new customers is much higher than the cost of retaining existing customers. Furthermore, it is evident fact from telecommunication industry ombudsman Australia reports that companies are still losing customers at a formidable rate. In this context, the main aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between these factors and customer loyalty, and the relationships among these factors in the Australian mobile service scenario. Data for this study was obtained from 1,985 mobile phone users in Australia via online questionnaire using a marketing company Research Now. The data was analysed by structural equation modelling (SEM) to test all the relationships between variables in the model. The findings of this research focus on the measurement model fit part only. The analysis results showed that perceived customer experience is a necessary but not sufficient condition for customer loyalty. In order to generalize the findings from this research, this research model should be used in different service industries with different geographic samples. The contribution of this research is to model all the relationships between customer loyalty and its antecedents, and to test these relationships simultaneously. In this paper, the effects of all the factors on customer loyalty are tested simultaneously via structural equation modelling (SEM) and this paper only focuses on model fit.
Uniform almost everywhere domination

Abstract We explore the interaction between Lebesgue measure and dominating functions. We show, via both a priority construction and a forcing construction, that there is a function of incomplete degree that dominates almost all degrees. This answers a question of Dobrinen and Simpson, who showed that such functions are related to the proof-theoretic strength of the regularity of Lebesgue measure for Gδ sets. Our constructions essentially settle the reverse mathematical classification of this principle.
On Using Network Science in Mining Developers Collaboration in Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review

The goal of this study is to identify, review, and analyze the published research works that used network analysis as a tool for understanding the human collaboration on different levels of software development. This study and its findings are expected to be of benefit for software engineering practitioners and researchers who are mining software repositories using tools from network science field. We conducted a systematic literature review, in which we analyzed a number of selected papers from different digital libraries based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. We identified $35$ primary studies (PSs) from 4 digital libraries, then we extracted data from each PS according to a predefined data extraction sheet. The results of our data analysis showed that not all of the constructed networks used in the PSs were valid as the edges of these networks did not reflect a real relationship between the entities of the network. Additionally, the used measures in the PSs were in many cases not suitable for the used networks. Also, the reported analysis results by the PSs were not, in most cases, validated using any statistical model. Finally, many of the PSs did not provide lessons or guidelines for software practitioners that can improve the software engineering practices. Although employing network analysis in mining developers' collaboration showed some satisfactory results in some of the PSs, the application of network analysis needs to be conducted more carefully. That is said, the constructed network should be representative and meaningful, the used measure needs to be suitable for the context, and the validation of the results should be considered. More and above, we state some research gaps, in which network science can be applied, with some pointers to recent advances that can be used to mine collaboration networks.
Plastid thioredoxins: a “one-for-all” redox-signaling system in plants

The sessile nature of plants forces them to face an ever-changing environment instead of escape from hostile conditions as animals do. In order to overcome this survival challenge, a fine monitoring and controlling of the status of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and the general metabolism is vital for these organisms. Frequently, evolutionary plant adaptation has consisted in the appearance of multigenic families, comprising an array of enzymes, structural components, or sensing, and signaling elements, in numerous occasions with highly conserved primary sequences that sometimes make it difficult to discern between redundancy and specificity among the members of a same family. However, all this gene diversity is aimed to sort environment-derived plant signals to efficiently channel the external incoming information inducing a right physiological answer. Oxygenic photosynthesis is a powerful source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), molecules with a dual oxidative/signaling nature. In response to ROS, one of the most frequent post-translational modifications occurring in redox signaling proteins is the formation of disulfide bridges (from Cys oxidation). This review is focused on the role of plastid thioredoxins (pTRXs), proteins containing two Cys in their active site and largely known as part of the plant redox-signaling network. Several pTRXs types have been described so far, namely, TRX f, m, x, y, and z. In recent years, improvements in proteomic techniques and the study of loss-of-function mutants have enabled us to grasp the importance of TRXs for the plastid physiology. We will analyze the specific signaling function of each TRX type and discuss about the emerging role in non-photosynthetic plastids of these redox switchers.
Spatial Patterns of Soil Respiration Links Above and Belowground Processes along a Boreal Aspen Fire Chronosequence

Fire in boreal ecosystems is known to affect CO2 efflux from forest soils, which is commonly termed soil respiration (Rs). However, there is limited information on how fire and recovery from this disturbance affects spatial variation in Rs. The main objective of this study was to quantify the spatial variability of Rs over the growing season in a boreal aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) fire chronosequence. The chronosequence included three stands in northern Alberta; a post fire stand (1 year old, PF), a stand at canopy closure (9 years old, CC), and a mature stand (72 years old, MA). Soil respiration, temperature and moisture were measured monthly from May to August using an intensive spatial sampling protocol (n = 42, minimum lag = 2 m). Key aboveground and belowground properties were measured one time at each sampling point. No spatial structure was detected in Rs of the PF stand during the peak growing season (June and July), whereas Rs was auto-correlated at a scale of < 6 m in the CC and MA stands. The PF stand had the lowest mean Rs (4.60 μmol C m-2 s-1) followed by the CC (5.41 μmol C m-2 s-1), and the MA (7.32 μmol C m-2 s-1) stand. Forest floor depth was the only aboveground factor that influenced the spatial pattern of Rs in all three stands and was strongest in the PF stand. Enzyme activity and fine root biomass, on the other hand, were the significant belowground factors driving the spatial pattern of Rs in the CC and MA stands. Persistent joint aboveground and belowground control on Rs in the CC and MA stands indicates a tight spatial coupling, which was not observed in the PF stand. Overall, the current study suggests that fire in the boreal aspen ecosystem alters the spatial structure of Rs and that fine scale heterogeneity develops quickly as stands reach the canopy closure phase (<10 years).
Evaluating Term Extraction

In contrast with other NLP tasks, only few and limited evaluation challenges have been carried out for terminology acquisition. It is nevertheless important to assess the progress made, the quality and limitations of terminological tools. This paper argues that it is possible to define evaluation protocols for tasks as complex as computational terminology. We focus on the core task of term extraction for which we propose evaluation metrics. We take into account the specificity of computational terminology, the complexity of its outputs, the application, the user’s role and the absence of well-established gold standard.
Feed back load analysis for broadcast channels with zero-forcing beamforming

Multiuser multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) has great potential to substantially improve throughput of wireless networks. Unfortunately, it requires a significant amount of feed back for user selection, which prevents practical implementation. The authors propose a feed back reduced downlink multiuser MIMO system, where a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) threshold is carefully designed. Only the users whose SINRs are above the threshold feed back their SINRs and channel direction information (CDI) to the base station. They establish a monotonic relation between the threshold and the average feed back overhead. Based on the established relation, they design the threshold that balances the tradeoff between the feed back load and the sum rate. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can achieve the same performance as the conventional full-feed back scheme (where every user feeds back its SINR and CDI), while the proposed approach is able to reduce the system overhead by more than 40%.
Phone based fall detection by genetic programming

Elderly people are prone to fall due to the high rate of risk factors associated with ageing. Existing fall detection systems are mostly designed for a constrained environment, where various assumptions are applied. To overcome these drawbacks, we opt to use mobile phones with standard built-in sensors. Fall detection is performed on motion data collected by sensors in the phone alone. We use Genetic Programming (GP) to learn a classifier directly from raw sensor data. We compare the performance of GP with the popular approach of using threshold-based algorithm. The result shows that GP-evolved classifiers perform consistently well across different fall types and overall more reliable than the threshold-based.
Division of Economics and Business Working Paper Series A New Look at Residential Electricity Demand Using Household Expenditure Data

The recent push for a federal energy policy that could substantially change electricity prices in the U.S. highlights the need to obtain accurate residential electricity demand estimates. Many electricity demand estimates have been obtained based on the assumption that consumers optimize with respect to known marginal prices, but increasing empirical evidence suggests that consumers are more likely to respond to average prices. Under this assumption, this paper develops a new strategy based on GMM to estimate household electricity demand. Our approach allows a national-level demand estimation from publicly available expenditure data and utility-level consumption data, complementing studies that use individual billing data which are richer yet often proprietary. We estimate the price elasticity near -1, which is at the upper end (in magnitude) among the estimates from previous studies. We apply our elasticity estimates in a U.S. climate policy simulation to determine how these elasticity estimates alter consumption and price outcomes compared to the more conservative elasticity estimates commonly used in policy analysis.
Information security technologies as a commodity input

Purpose – The paper provides a pragmatic evaluation of the value that security technologies deliver to businesses. It contains recommendations for how businesses can best view the role of security technologies within an information security program.Design/methodology/approach – The findings in the paper are derived from the observations of the author in his role as an information security consultant working for businesses in numerous vertical markets over the period of the last several years.Findings – The principle finding in the paper is that the market for information security technologies is becoming a commodity market. This change will create a shift in how businesses view security technologies, as they will begin to focus on achieving security capabilities at the lowest possible cost. The processes of commoditization will also force security vendors to find new ways of doing business.Practical implications – The paper makes several recommendations for how businesses should evaluate, acquire, and use.
Public Sexual Cultures: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Research Investigating Men's Sexual Behaviors with Men in Public Spaces

Resurgent HIV and sexually transmitted infection incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) requires an urgent re-examination of sexual transmission sites. To these ends, we systematically review qualitative literature concerning men's sexual behaviors within public sex environments (PSEs). Sex, therein, is negotiated by the highly codified, largely nonverbal practice of “cruising. ” A generic, shared PSE sexual culture emerges from the literature—across locations, countries, and decades—because of the importance of concealment and common structural constraints on sexual encounters in PSEs. However, differences in local geography and facilities may transform key features of this, resulting in specific, local sexual cultures emerging for each locale. We argue that, although sexual cultures developed to minimize nonsexual cruising risks, they may be exploited to improve contemporary in situ outreach work.
Recovery of labeled CO2 from acetate in severely burned children.

The purpose of this study was to determine the fractional recovery rate of labeled CO(2) in the breath of severely burned children. This information is needed to perform tracer studies of substrate oxidation using carbon-labeled fatty acids. Nine children, ages 4-14 yr with massive burns participated in the study. All experiments were performed 7 days post burn after an overnight fast. A primed (60 micromol/kg), constant (2.0 micromol.kg(-1). min(-1)) infusion of [1,2-(13)C]acetate was given during a 4-h basal period and during a 4-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. A priming dose (150 micromol/kg) of NaH(13)CO(3) was given at the beginning of the study. Breath samples were collected every 10 min during the last 40 min of each period. Indirect calorimetry was performed during the last 30 min of each period. The isotopic enrichment of (13)CO(2) was determined by isotope ratio-mass spectrometry, and total CO(2) excretion was measured by indirect calorimetry. The fractional recovery of acetate label was 0.89 +/- 0.05 and 0.88 +/- 0.04 during the basal state and clamp, respectively. We conclude that the fractional recovery of labeled acetate in severely burned children is approximately three times the recovery of a nonburned adult and similar to the value in exercising adults. The high recovery rate reflects the rapid turnover of the TCA cycle in burned children relative to the rate of exchange reactions. Minimal correction of expired CO(2) data is needed in this circumstance to quantify fatty acid oxidation using (13)C-labeled fatty acids.
Research on modeling and simulation of data services of TCN

In the modern Tactical Communication Network (TCN), the data service is playing increasingly important role. Aiming at the data service loading problem and referring to voice service model, the paper modified the model and introduced adhesion coefficient method to construct the service traffic matrix among posts in the TCN. Combining with the data service modeling mechanism of OPNET, the characteristics of data service of TCN was analyzed. Finally a simulation example of some TCN application was also provided to verify the correctness of TCN data service modeling method, which provides technical approach for the quantitative analysis and TCN planning by the method of simulation.