Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contextual interference effect on perceptual-cognitive skills training.

INTRODUCTION Contextual interference (CI) effect predicts that a random order of practice for multiple skills is superior for learning compared to a blocked order. We report a novel attempt to examine the CI effect during acquisition and transfer of anticipatory judgments from simulation training to an applied sport situation. METHOD Participants were required to anticipate tennis shots under either a random practice schedule or a blocked practice schedule. Response accuracy was recorded for both groups in pretest, during acquisition, and on a 7-d retention test. Transfer of learning was assessed through a field-based tennis protocol that attempted to assess performance in an applied sport setting. RESULTS The random practice group had significantly higher response accuracy scores on the 7-d laboratory retention test compared to the blocked group. Moreover, during the transfer of anticipatory judgments to an applied sport situation, the decision times of the random practice group were significantly lower compared to the blocked group. CONCLUSION The CI effect extends to the training of anticipatory judgments through simulation techniques. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time that the CI effect increases transfer of learning from simulation training to an applied sport task, highlighting the importance of using appropriate practice schedules during simulation training.
The gastro-ileal digestion of 15N-labelled pea nitrogen in adult humans

The aim of the present study was to determine the gastro-ileal behaviour of pea protein in humans. For this purpose, twelve healthy volunteers were intubated with an intestinal tube located either in the jejunum (n 5) or in the ileum (n 7). After fasting overnight, they ingested 195 mmol N of [15N]pea. Intestinal samples were collected for 6 h in the jejunum and for 8 h in the ileum. Before meal ingestion the basal liquid flow rate (ml/min) was 2·01 (SD 0·31) in the jejunum and 2·02 (SD 0·33) in the ileum. After meal ingestion the liquid phase of the meal peaked in the 40–60 min period in the jejunum and in the 150–180 min period in the ileum. The jejmo-ileal transit time of the liquid phase of the meal was 102 min. The basal flow rate of endogenous N (mmol N/min) was 0·22 (SD 0·15) in the jejunum and 016 (SD 0·10) in the ileum. The endogenous N flow rate peaked significantly ( P < 0·05) in the jejunum in the 40–60 min period whereas no stimulation of endogenous N could be detected in the ileum after meal ingestion. A significantly increased (P < 0·05) concentration of exogenous N was detected in the jejunum during the 20–3u)lnin period and during the 9–480 min period in the iteum. The overall true gastro-ileal absorption of pea N was 894 (SD 1·1)% with 69 (SD 14)% absorbed between the stomach and the proximal jejunum and 20·4% between the proximal jejunum and the terminal ileum. The percentage of ethanol-insoluble fraction (PN) in the exogenous N at the terminal ileum increased significantly ( P < 0·05) to 75% after 360 min. These results suggest that heat-treated pea protein has a digestibility close to that of animal protein
A GPU Based Range-Doppler Algorithm for SAR Imaging in OpenCL

This paper presents a GPU based Range-Doppler radar imaging algorithm. It is implemented in OpenCL, which is deemed to be the industrial standard in the field of heterogeneous computing. Intensive floating-point calculations, for instance, large-scale FFTs, are effectively parallelized in this algorithm. The performance is promoted by orders of magnitude compared with CPU based implementation. It is able to process the data in real time by a single GTX 280 GPU under a practical condition.
THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE NORMAL HUMAN LENS.

A general review is presented of our current understanding of the fine structure of the lens, its capsule, and zonular fibers, and illustrated with original material from the human lens. The principal points emphasized include the nature of the capsule as a laminated basement membrane; the relative paucity of extracellular space; the presence of interdigitating cell processes in the epithelium and fibers as xoell as "tight" cell membrane junctions; the progressive increase in cell fibrosity in older and more deeply situated lens areas. A bibliography relating to lens ultrastructure is provided.
Population Aging and Trends in the Provision of Continued Education

This study investigates whether the incidence of continued vocational education has changed as the German workforce commenced an aging process which is expected to intensify. As the lifespan in productive employment lengthens human capital investments for older workers become increasingly worthwhile. Using the data of a German population survey we describe recent trends in the development of human capital investments and apply decomposition procedures to the probability of continued education. Holding everything else constant the shift in the population age distribution by itself would haveb lead to a decline in training participation over the considered period, 1996-2004. However, the decomposition analyses yield that behavioral changes caused an increase in training particularly among older workers. This is confirmed by multivariate regressions on pooled cross-sectional data: the increase in training probabilities is highest among older workers.
An IS Scholar and Scholarship Ranking Based on Contributions to Doctoral Education

This research introduces a new information systems (IS) scholar and scholarly work ranking based on contributions to IS doctoral education. We examine syllabi of introductory PhD seminars offered across North America to identify and rank scholars and scholarly works most often called on in shaping future scholar’s minds and careers. These rankings can also be used, along with available IS scholar ranking, to better recognize active and influential scholars in the IS field.
Expression analysis and evolutionary conservation of the mouse germ cell–specific D6Mm5e gene

During our search for genes required for gonadal development and function in the mouse, we identified D6Mm5e (DNA segment, Chr 6. Miriam Meisler 5, expressed), a gene with an expression pattern highly restricted to the embryonic ovary and the postnatal testis. Based on RT‐PCR, Northern blot, and in situ hybridization analyses, we show that D6Mm5e is expressed in the germ cells of the female embryo upon their initial entry into meiosis, and in male germ cells during the last stages of spermatogenesis. Two transcripts are detected in the gonads resulting from the alternative splicing of exon 8. This splicing event does not introduce a frame shift, and creates an mRNA product that uses the same stop codon as the longer transcript. Although D6Mm5e does not belong to any known protein family and does not contain any known protein signature motifs, the high level of evolutionary conservation and the cellular and temporal expression suggest that D6Mm5e may have a role in male and female gametogenesis. Here we report the gonad‐restricted mRNA expression profile of D6Mm5e in the mouse, and the evolutionary conservation of its amino acid sequence. Developmental Dynamics 235:2613–2619, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IPO Underpricing, Firm Quality, and Analyst Forecasts

We find that IPO underpricing is positively related to post-IPO growth in sales and EBITDA, but is not significantly related to growth in earnings. Our evidence suggests that accrual reversals or earnings management may cause this inconsistency. We interpret the growth rates of sales and EBITDA as measures of firm quality, and conclude that our evidence supports the notion that IPO firms with greater underpricing are of better quality. Our tests on analysts' earnings forecast errors show that analysts are less positively biased in their earnings forecasts for IPO firms that have greater underpricing. Copyright (c) 2007 Financial Management Association International.
Operational Efficiency and Technology Gap Ratio of Hotels under Different Environments (in Thai)

This paper applied data envelopment analysis with slacks-based measure and metafrontier analysis to assess the operational efficiencies and technology gap ratios of the resorts and boutique hotels of Thailand’s hotel chain in Chiang Mai and Phuket. Data were from 14 hotels in Chiang Mai and 34 hotels in Phuket. It was found that hotels belonging to each type, in Chiang Mai and Phuket, had no difference in efficiencies but had different technology gap ratios; the environment caused the differences. Environment is associated with location.These differences prompted the hotels to apply diverse innovations in their operations. Hotels in Phuket had a higher operational technology than those in Chiang Mai. Increasing the efficiency of room occupancy and enhancing labor productivity would improve efficiency more than reducing operational cost. The findings suggest that approaches to promote the efficiency of a hotel’s operation should vary in accordance to environment. The hotels would also do well to develop and share innovations in operation based on their environment.
Apatite-forming ability (bioactivity) of ProRoot MTA.

AIM Apatite-forming ability, considered as an index of bioactivity (bond-to-bone ability), was tested on ProRoot MTA cement after immersion in phosphate-containing solution (DPBS). METHODOLOGY Disk samples were prepared and immersed in DPBS for 10 min, 5 h, 1 and 7 days. The cement surface was studied by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, by micro-Raman spectroscopy and by environmental scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (ESEM-EDX) analyses. The pH of the storage solution was also investigated. RESULTS Spectroscopic analyses revealed calcium phosphate bands after 5-h immersion in DPBS. After 1 day, an even coating composed of apatite spherulites (0.1-0.8 micron diameter) was observed by ESEM/EDX. After 7 days, its thickness had increased. Apatite nucleation had already occurred after 5-h immersion. At this time, the presence of portlandite (i.e. Ca(OH)(2) , calcium hydroxide) on the cement surface was also observed; at longer times, this component was released into the medium, which underwent a remarkable pH increase. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms the ability of ProRoot MTA to form a superficial layer of apatite within hours. The excellent bioactivity of ProRoot MTA might provide a significant clinical advantage over the traditional cements used for root-end or root-perforation repair.
Foreign Direct Investment in the Czech Republic

This paper evaluates foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Czech Republic and its regional development consequences after the collapse of state socialism. Two types of FDIs are identified: cross border export-oriented investments and market capture investments. The cross border export-oriented investments exploit low cost labor in the service of external markets and are typically concentrated in peripheral areas, mostly along the former West German border. This type of FDI is not likely to contribute to durable regional economies. The market capture investments involve both servicing the Czech market and integrating activities within a larger, multinational corporate network. This type of investment may create more durable sources of regional economic activity. A case study of the Volkswagen/Skoda joint venture is used to examine market capture investments and their consequences for regional development. This paper is based on interviews with plant managers and trade union leaders in companies with forei.
Experimental evaluation of spectral-based quantitative ultrasound imaging using plane wave compounding

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) based on backscatter coefficient (BSC) estimation has shown potential for tissue characterization. Beamforming using plane wave compounding has advantages for echographic, Doppler, and elastographic imaging; however, to date, plane wave compounding has not been experimentally evaluated for the purpose of BSC estimation. In this study, two BSC-derived parameters (i.e., the BSC midband fit and intercept) were estimated from experimental data obtained using compound plane wave beamforming. For comparison, QUS parameters were also estimated from data obtained using both fixed focus and dynamic receive beamforming. An ultrasound imaging system equipped with a 9-MHz center frequency, 64-element array was used to collect data up to a depth of 45 mm. Two gelatin phantoms with randomly distributed 20-μm inclusions with a homogeneous scatterer concentration and a two-region scatterer concentration were used for assessing the precision and lateral resolution of QUS imaging, respectively. The use of plane wave compounding resulted in accurate QUS estimation (i.e., bias in the BSC parameters of less than 2 dB) and relatively constant lateral resolution (i.e., BSC midband fit 10% to 90% rise distance ranging between 1.0 and 1.5 mm) throughout a 45 mm field of view. Although both fixed focus and dynamic receive beamforming provided the same performance around the focal depth, the reduction in SNR away from the focus resulted in a reduced field of view in the homogeneous phantom (i.e., only 28 mm). The lateral resolution also degraded away from the focus, with up to a 2-fold and 10-fold increase in the rise distance at 20 mm beyond the focal depth for dynamic receive and fixed focus beamforming, respectively. These results suggest that plane wave compounding has the potential to improve the performance of spectral-based quantitative ultrasound over other conventional beamforming strategies.
Keyword Extraction from Documents Using a Neural Network Model

A document surrogate is usually represented in a list of words. Because not all words in a document reflect its content, it is necessary to select important words from the document that relate to its content. Such important words are called keywords and are selected with a particular equation based on Term Frequency (TF) and Inverted Document Frequency (IDF). Additionally, the position of each word in the document and the inclusion of the word in the title should be considered to select keywords among words contained in the text. The equation based on these factors gets too complicated to be applied to the selection of keywords. This paper proposes a neural network back propagation model in which these factors are used as the features and feature vectors are generated to select keywords. This paper will show that the proposed neural network backpropagation approach outperforms the equation in distinguishing keywords.
Regimenting languages on Korean television: subtitles and institutional authority

Abstract This article presents an analysis of two different practices of subtitling on Korean television. It claims that these practices constitute different strategies of entextualization that produce authoritative regimentations of languages and discourses through manipulation of the intertextual distance between the original text and its representation. In the first type, impact captioning, or intralanguage subtitles on entertainment shows, different styles of subtitles distinguish the authoritative voice of the institution from the voices of ordinary speakers, allowing the media institution to simultaneously exploit speakers' problematic discourse for humorous purposes and to maintain an official image of neutrality and morality. In the second type, translation subtitling, which translates speech in languages that are assumed to be incomprehensible to viewers, subtitles enable the media institution to position its viewers with respect to linguistic competence, a process that is mediated by the construction of subtitles as neutral representations of spoken discourse. Therefore, in both cases, entextualization of discourse through subtitles must be seen as a strategy for the projection of institutional authority, reflecting metadiscursive interactional work done by the producers of media texts as they engage in acts of regimentation.
Proxy Re-Encryption Based on Homomorphic Encryption

In this paper, we propose an homomorphic proxy re-encryption scheme (HPRE) that allows different users to share data they outsourced homomorphically encrypted using their respective public keys with the possibility by next to process such data remotely. Its originality stands on a solution we propose so as to compute the difference of data encrypted with Damgard-Jurik cryptosystem. It takes also advantage of a secure combined linear congruential generator that we implemented in the Damgard-Jurik encrypted domain. Basically, in our HPRE scheme, the two users, the delegator and the delegate, ask the cloud server to generate an encrypted noise based on a secret key, both users previously agreed on. Based on our solution to compute the difference in Damgard-Jurik encrypted domain, the cloud computes in clear the differences in-between the encrypted noise and the encrypted data of the delegator, obtaining thus blinded data. In order the delegate gets access to the data, the cloud just has to encrypt these differences using the delegate's public key and then removes the noise. This solution doesn't need extra communication between the cloud and the delegator. Our HPRE was implemented in the case of the sharing of uncompressed images stored in the cloud showing good time computation performance, it is unidirectional and collusion-resistant. Nevertheless, it is not limited to images and can be used with any kinds of data.
Caspase‐mediated pro‐apoptotic interaction of panaxadiol and irinotecan in human colorectal cancer cells

Objectives Panaxadiol is a purified sapogenin of ginseng saponins that exhibits anticancer activity. Irinotecan is a second‐line anticancer drug, but clinical treatment with irinotecan is limited due to its side effects. In this study, we have investigated the possible synergistic anticancer effects of panaxadiol and irinotecan on human colorectal cancer cells and explored the potential role of apoptosis in their synergistic activity.
The dynamic relationship between cash transfers and child health: can the child support grant in South Africa make a difference to child nutrition?

Abstract Objective Cash transfer programmes targeting children are considered an effective strategy for addressing child poverty and for improving child health outcomes in developing countries. In South Africa, the Child Support Grant (CSG) is the largest cash transfer programme targeting children from poor households. The present paper investigates the association of the duration of CSG receipt with child growth at 2 years in three diverse areas of South Africa. Design The study analysed data on CSG receipt and anthropometric measurements from children. Predictors of stunting were assessed using a backward regression model. Setting Paarl (peri-urban), Rietvlei (rural) and Umlazi (urban township), South Africa, 2008. Subjects Children (n 746), median age 22 months. Results High rates of stunting were observed in Umlazi (28 %), Rietvlei (20 %) and Paarl (17 %). Duration of CSG receipt had no effect on stunting. HIV exposure (adjusted OR=2·30; 95 % CI 1·31, 4·03) and low birth weight (adjusted=OR 2·01, 95 % CI 1·02, 3·96) were associated with stunting, and maternal education had a protective effect on stunting. Conclusions Our findings suggest that, despite the presence of the CSG, high rates of stunting among poor children continue unabated in South Africa. We argue that the effect of the CSG on nutritional status may have been eroded by food price inflation and limited progress in the provision of other important interventions and social services.
Estimation of Wind Penetration as Limited by Frequency Deviation

Wind power fluctuations cause frequency deviation from the 60-Hz standard. Using the composite transfer function G (fw) of a small system of thermal power plants, it is estimated that power fluctuation of 5% of the total thermal plant capacity can be tolerated without exceeding 1% frequency deviation. The technology to filter out the power fluctuations by wind turbine generators for increasing wind power penetration already exists. However, perfect filtering sacrifices as much as 27.6% of the wind power that can otherwise be utilized. The paper presents a method of quantifying wind penetration based on the amount of fluctuating power that can be filtered by wind turbine generators and thermal plants. For optimal wind power acquisition, the penetration level is conservatively estimated to be 50%.
Effect of Chronic Malnutrition on Intestinal Structure, Epithelial Renewal, and Enzymes in Suckling Rats

Summary: To evaluate the impact of malnutrition on the developing gut, we studied small bowel structure, epithelial renewal, and enzymes in suckling rats deprived of adequate nutrient from birth. Rat pups were suckled by foster dams fed ad libitum one of three isocaloric, semipurified diets containing 6,9, or 25% (control) protein throughout gestation and lactation. An additional control group consisted of pups raised with their natural, chow-fed mothers. Although survival of the pups, 98% in the chow-fed and 25% protein groups, decreased to 83% in the 9% groups and 53% in the 6% protein groups, body and gut weights were remarkably uniform within each study group. Mean body weight, gut weight, villus height, and crypt depth were markedly and significantly less in the 6 and 9% pups when compared with those in the chow and 25% control groups, the 6% group being significantly more affected was than the 9% group (P < 0.001). Pups raised by chow-fed mothers also weighed significantly less (P < 0.001) than did those raised by dams fed the 25% protein diet. Total small intestinal protein and DNA content of mucosal scrapings were less in 6 than 9% rat pups (P < 0.001), which in turn were less than those in the 25% group (P < 0.05). The protein/DNA ratio in the small intestine of the 6% animals only was reduced when compared with the 25% group (P < 0.05). Epithelial cell migration assessed by autoradiography with [3H]thymidine was significantly slower in both proximal and distal intestinal segments of the 6% animals when compared with those from the 25% group (P < 0.001). Incorporation of the 3H, seen by autoradiography after 1 hr, was also signficantly decreased in the 6% group (P < 0.001). Calculated for the total small intestine, lactase, sucrase, alkaline phosphatase, and thymidine kinase activities were significantly diminished (P ≤ 0.001) in the 6% animals compared with 25% controls. Calculated in relation to mucosal protein content and compared with 25% controls, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in both proximal and distal small intestinal segments of the 6% animals, but thymidine kinase activity was decreased only in the distal segment (P < 0.001). However, lactase specific activity was increased in both proximal and distal segments from the 6% group (P < 0.001). Further studies of this phenomenon demonstrated a significant increase in intracellular acid β-galac-tosidase (P < 0.001), particularly in the distal intestinal segment, but also a marked increase in brush border β-galactosidase.Our data demonstrate that in the small intestinal mucosa of the suckling rat, chronic malnutrition causes a decreased number of cells and impaired epithelial proliferation. These abnormalities reflect a profound direct impact of malnutrition on the gut of the young animal and demonstrate a delay in the normal pattern of postnatal maturation of the small intestinal epithelium.