Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The dynamics of interfaces: Seven authors in search of encounters across levels of description of an event involving a mother, father, and baby

Les interfaces entre les domaines intrapsychiques, interactionnels et intergenerationnels representent une nouvelle frontiere. A titre exploratoire, nous nous sommes exposes a une situation complexe mais controlable ainsi que le voient ceux dont l'interet principal se porte sur l'une de ces trois interfaces. Nous avons aussi entierement integre les sujets dans l'equipe, de facon a comprendre leur perspective subjective et a leur offrir une experience enrichissante. Nous avons commence avec une breve sequence de «triadification», c'est-a-dire passer d'une organisation familiale «deux plus un» a une organisation familiale «trois ensemble»
Immunity Traits in Pigs: Substantial Genetic Variation and Limited Covariation

Background Increasing robustness via improvement of resistance to pathogens is a major selection objective in livestock breeding. As resistance traits are difficult or impossible to measure directly, potential indirect criteria are measures of immune traits (ITs). Our underlying hypothesis is that levels of ITs with no focus on specific pathogens define an individual's immunocompetence and thus predict response to pathogens in general. Since variation in ITs depends on genetic, environmental and probably epigenetic factors, our aim was to estimate the relative importance of genetics. In this report, we present a large genetic survey of innate and adaptive ITs in pig families bred in the same environment. Methodology/Principal Findings Fifty four ITs were studied on 443 Large White pigs vaccinated against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and analyzed by combining a principal component analysis (PCA) and genetic parameter estimation. ITs include specific and non specific antibodies, seric inflammatory proteins, cell subsets by hemogram and flow cytometry, ex vivo production of cytokines (IFNα, TNFα, IL6, IL8, IL12, IFNγ, IL2, IL4, IL10), phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation. While six ITs had heritabilities that were weak or not significantly different from zero, 18 and 30 ITs had moderate (0.10.4) heritability values, respectively. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between ITs were weak except for a few traits that mostly include cell subsets. PCA revealed no cluster of innate or adaptive ITs. Conclusions/Significance Our results demonstrate that variation in many innate and adaptive ITs is genetically controlled in swine, as already reported for a smaller number of traits by other laboratories. A limited redundancy of the traits was also observed confirming the high degree of complementarity between innate and adaptive ITs. Our data provide a genetic framework for choosing ITs to be included as selection criteria in multitrait selection programmes that aim to improve both production and health traits.
High-Throughput Cryopreservation of Plant Cell Cultures for Functional Genomics

Suspension-cultured cell lines from plant species are useful for genetic engineering. However, maintenance of these lines is laborious, involves routine subculturing and hampers wider use of transgenic lines, especially when many lines are required for a high-throughput functional genomics application. Cryopreservation of these lines may reduce the need for subculturing. Here, we established a simple protocol for cryopreservation of cell lines from five commonly used plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana, Daucus carota, Lotus japonicus, Nicotiana tabacum and Oryza sativa. The LSP solution (2 M glycerol, 0.4 M sucrose and 86.9 mM proline) protected cells from damage during freezing and was only mildly toxic to cells kept at room temperature for at least 2 h. More than 100 samples were processed for freezing simultaneously. Initially, we determined the conditions for cryopreservation using a programmable freezer; we then developed a modified simple protocol that did not require a programmable freezer. In the simple protocol, a thick expanded polystyrene (EPS) container containing the vials with the cell–LSP solution mixtures was kept at −30°C for 6 h to cool the cells slowly (pre-freezing); samples from the EPS containers were then plunged into liquid nitrogen before long-term storage. Transgenic Arabidopsis cells were subjected to cryopreservation, thawed and then re-grown in culture; transcriptome and metabolome analyses indicated that there was no significant difference in gene expression or metabolism between cryopreserved cells and control cells. The simplicity of the protocol will accelerate the pace of research in functional plant genomics.
Identification of the Plasma Membrane H+-Biotin Symporter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by Rescue of a Fatty Acid-auxotrophic Mutant*

Bakers’ yeast is auxotrophic for biotin (vitamin H) and depends on the efficient uptake of this compound from the environment. A mutant strain with strongly reduced biotin uptake and with reduced levels of protein biotinylation was identified. The strain was auxotrophic for long-chain fatty acids, and this auxotrophy could be suppressed with high levels of biotin in the medium. After transformation of this mutant with a yeast genomic library, the unassigned open reading frame YGR065C was identified to complement this mutation. This gene codes for a protein with 593 amino acids and 12 putative transmembrane helices. Northern blot analysis revealed that, in wild-type cells, the corresponding mRNA levels were increased at low biotin concentrations. Likewise, cellular biotin uptake was increased with decreasing biotin availability. Expression ofYGR065C under the control of the constitutiveADH1 promoter resulted in very high biotin transport rates across the plasma membrane that were no longer regulated by the biotin concentration in the growth medium. We conclude thatYGR065C encodes the first biotin transporter identified for a non-mammalian organism and designate this gene VHT1 forvitamin H transporter1.
Game Elements in a Software Engineering Study Group: A Case Study

This paper presents a case study of a gamified learning experience, designed with a guiding gamification framework, for a software engineering study group. The group was formed to evaluate the learning experience in a laboratory-like setting, and the results are intended to inform the design process. Grounded-theory procedures were used to analyze qualitative data about students' perceptions of the gamified experience. Students reported positive effects such as improved content comprehension, retention, and recap. They also highlighted a positive change in the study dynamics, especially due to the practical application of concepts, the game-like experience and a reduced amount of time for studying. The latter, however, was associated with a specific type of challenge proposed as part of the gamified structure. The other type of challenge, actually, made them face difficulties related to a lack of time. They also did not progress to higher levels of evolution proposed in the gamified structure. These are indicative of the need to improve the learning experience. These improvements, also discussed in this paper, will be evaluated in real settings in future work.
Noncontact, two-dimensional measurement of retinal microcirculation using laser speckle phenomenon.

PURPOSE To report a new apparatus for noncontact, two-dimensional measurement of retinal microcirculation using the laser speckle phenomenon and to demonstrate that this apparatus can document known or expected changes in retinal blood flow. METHODS The rabbit fundus was illuminated by an argon (blue) laser spot (0.62 x 0.62 mm), and its image speckle was detected with an image sensor. The difference between the average of the speckle intensity (Imean) and the speckle intensity for successive scannings was calculated, and the ratio of Imean to this difference was defined as normalized blur (NB), a quantitative index of blood velocity in the retinal microcirculation. The results were displayed on a color monitor showing the two-dimensional variation of the NB level in the measurement area. Using this apparatus in the rabbit, the NB in the retinal field free of visible surface vessels was determined and compared with the retinal blood flow rate measured using the microsphere technique in the same eye simultaneously. In addition, the effect of the ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) on NB was studied. In the above experiments, a stepwise reduction in OPP was introduced by elevating the intraocular pressure manometrically. RESULTS The relative decrease in the average NB (NBav) over the field measured, with the reduction in OPP, showed significant correlation with the relative change in the blood flow rate determined using the microsphere technique (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). Although NBav in the retina was little affected by OPP change when OPP was greater than 50 mm Hg, NB decreased along with OPP at levels less than 50 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS The NBav showed significant correlation with the retinal blood flow rate determined with microsphere technique. Retinal microcirculation under various conditions can be studied two dimensionally and noninvasively in the living eye with the present apparatus.
Exploration of the Field of Knowledge Management for the Library and Information Professional

This study is an attempt to isolate and describe the field of knowledge management in terms of its relevance for library and information science professionals. In addition to readings, several interviews were completed with people who are working in the knowledge management field. This study is intended to be an overview to assist LIS professionals in grasping the essence of this subject and to suggest ways in which knowledge management may continue to affect the LIS field in the near future. First, a brief overview of the origins of the field and some suggestions of why it persists in the face of numerous challenges will be provided. Following that will be an attempt to deconstruct the terminology surrounding knowledge management and give shape to its basic components. Next, the aforementioned numerous challenges will be considered, and finally the role of the LIS professional will be discussed.
Occupational embeddedness and job performance

While researchers have recently focused their attention on organizational embeddedness, occupational embeddedness has received little theoretical and empirical attention. Using multisource data on 162 employees in multiple jobs and organizations, we found that occupational embeddedness is positively related to both task performance and creativity and is negatively related to counterproductive work behavior, even after controlling for the effects of organizational embeddedness. In addition, we found that trait affect moderated the relationships of occupational embeddedness to job performance. Occupational embeddedness was more strongly related to counterproductive work behavior when trait negative affect was high, while occupational embeddedness was more strongly related to both citizenship behavior and creativity when trait positive affect was high. Results also indicated that the various components of occupational embeddedness had different effects on job outcomes. Fit had a strong positive effect on core task performance, links had a positive effect on creativity, and sacrifice had a small positive effect on citizenship behavior. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for future research and management practice. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AndroSAT: Security Analysis Tool for Android Applications

ABSTRACT AndroSAT: Security Analysis Tool for Android Applications With about 1.5 million Android device activations per day and billions of applications installation from Google Play, Android is becoming one of the most widely used operating systems for smartphones and tablets. Besides typical personal usages, Android mobile devices are also being integrated into enterprises, government organizations, and military networks. Consequently, these devices hold valuable sensitive information which makes them face the same level of malicious attacks that have targeted the desktop environments over the past three decades. In this thesis, we present AndroSAT, a Security Analysis Tool for Android applications. The developed framework allows us to efficiently experiment with different security aspects of Android apps through the integration of (i) a static analysis module that scans Android apps for malicious patterns. The static analysis process involves several steps such as n-gram analysis of dex files, de-compilation of the app, pattern search, and analysis of the AndroidManifest file; (ii) a dynamic analysis sandbox that executes Android apps in a controlled virtual environment which logs low-level interactions with the operating system. The effectiveness of the developed framework is confirmed by testing it on popular apps collected from F-Droid, and malware samples obtained from a third party and the Android Malware Genome Project dataset. As a case study, we show how the analysis reports obtained from AndroSAT can be used for studying the frequency of use of different Android permissions and dynamic operations and detection of Android malware.
Optoelectronic $K$-Band Oscillator With Gigahertz Tuning Range and Low Phase Noise

We propose and demonstrate a K -band optoelectronic oscillator with ultralow phase noise performance and a frequency tuning range exceeding 1 GHz. The operation principle is based upon using two parallel optoelectronic loops with similar but not equal length and an electrical phase shifter for frequency tuning. We experimentally demonstrate tunable microwave signal generation within 20.7-21.8 GHz with a coarse frequency resolution of ~100 MHz. Fine tuning of the generated signal within a range of ±5 MHz is also achieved. The linewidth and phase noise of the generated microwave signal are <;3 Hz and -105 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset, respectively. Within the full gigahertz tuning range, the phase noise and output power of the generated microwave signal varies by only ±1.5 and <;1 dB, respectively.
(Late) Reliability and performance considerations for NMOSFET pass gates in FPGA applications

The NMOSFET-only pass gates used in some digital CMOS applications, such as the Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), are apparently vulnerable to Positive Bias Temperature Instability (PBTI). Here we discuss the impact of PBTI frequency and workload on high-k/metal-gate NMOSFETs in terms of Capture-and-Emission Time (CET) maps and quantitatively explain the degradation of our test circuit. From individual trapping events in deeply-scaled NMOSFETs we then project PBTI distributions at 10 years. Finally, we show that at increased supply voltage the pass gate speed degradation is outweighed by signal transfer speedup, resulting in a net performance improvement.
Bronchoconstrictor effect of the tachykinin NK3-receptor agonists [MePhe7]-neurokinin B and senktide in the isolated guinea pig lung

ABSTRACT To determine whether bronchoconstriction can be mediated via the tachykinin NK3 receptors, isolated guinea pig lungs were challenged with the exogenous tachykinin NK3-receptor agonists [MePhe7]-neurokinin B ([MePhe7]-NKB) and senktide. [MePhe7]-NKB induced bronchoconstriction (EC50 = 11.8 ± 1.7 μM) that was significantly inhibited by the tachykinin NK3-receptor antagonist SB 223412 at 10 μM (EC50 = 24.4 ± 4.5 μM). Senktide also induced bronchoconstriction (EC50 = 96.2 ± 20.3 μM) and the bronchoconstriction was significantly reduced by SB 223412 at 1 and 10 μM (EC50 = 270.8 ± 78.9 μM and 388.3 ± 105.5 μM, respectively). Although the authors demonstrated that SB 223412, [MePhe7]-NKB, and senktide are potent and selective for the tachykinin NK3 receptors in binding and functional (Ca2+ mobilization) assays, the tachykinin NK1-receptor antagonist CP 99,994 at 1 μM (EC50 = 32.7 ± 8.5 μM) produced inhibition of [MePhe7]-NKB–induced bronchoconstriction, whereas the tachykinin NK2-receptor antagonist SR 48968 at 0.1 μM (EC50 = 213.2 ± 42.9 μM) blocked senktide-induced bronchoconstriction. These data suggest that [MePhe7]-NKB and senktide caused bronchoconstriction in guinea pig through activation of the tachykinin NK3-receptors but the tachykinin NK1- and/or NK2-receptors are also involved in the response.
Notes on Maxwell & Delaney 5.2 Planned vs. Post-hoc Comparisons

When conducting a statistical test, we typically set α = . 05 or α = . 01 so that the probability of making a Type I error is . 05 or . 01. Suppose, however, we conduct 100 such tests. Further suppose that the null hypothesis for each test is, in fact, true. Although α for each individual test may be . 05, the probability of making at least one Type I error across the entire set of 100 tests is much greater than . 05. Why? Because the more tests we do, the greater the chances of making an error. More precisely, the probability of making at least one Type I error is P (at least one Type I error) = α F W = 1 − (1 − α P C) C (1) where C is the number of tests performed 1. α P C is the per comparison Type I error rate; it represents the probability of making a Type I error for each test. α F W , on the other hand, is the familywise Type I error rate, and it represents the probability of making a Type I error across the entire family, or set, of tests. For the one-way designs we are considering, α F W also equals the α level for the entire experiment, or the experimentwise error rate (α EW). For the current example, α = . 05, C = 100, and so α F W = 0.994079, which means that it is very likely that we would make at least one Type I error in our set of 100 tests. Here, in a nutshell, it the problem of conducting multiple tests of group means: the probability of making a Type I error increases with the number of tests. If the number of tests, C, is large, then it becomes very likely that we will make a Type I error. When we are conducting multiple tests on group means, we generally want to minimize Type I errors across the entire experiment, and so we need some way of maintaining α EW at some reasonably low level (e.g., .05). One obvious way of controlling α EW is to rearrange Equation 1 to calculate the α P C that is required for a given α F W and C: α P C = 1 − (1 − α F W) According to Equation 2, when C = 100 and we want …
A Framework for Discipline in Programming

Programmers, even in well-organized software environments which utilize some modern software engineering practices, are often lacking of a discipline in their individual programming effort. There has not been an emphasis on discipline in progamming practice, as is traditional in other engineering and scientific fields' instruction. A framework organized to be suitable for early presentation and developing usage is presented and evaluated. It integrates the notions of top-down design, stepwise refinement, structured flowcharting, test case description, and analysis in the context of a framework for systematically developing and concurrently documenting programs. The framework was evaluated in actual usage during introductory programming instruction by comparing it to a typical conventional approach. A comparison of programming effort showed only a 16 percent increase in time required in the disciplined approach, which certainly makes it feasible for introductory instruction. Program quality comparisons were carried out by a comprehensive testing for logic errors in the completed projects. The results were impressively favorable for the disciplined approach.
Sequential tamoxifen and aminoglutethimide versus tamoxifen alone in the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer patients: results of an Italian cooperative study.

PURPOSE To determine whether switching patients from tamoxifen to antiaromatase treatment would prevent some of the relapses or deaths that we assume would occur if tamoxifen were continued. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred eighty postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen treatment for 3 years were randomized to either continue tamoxifen for 2 more years or to switch to low-dose aminoglutethimide (250 mg daily) for 2 years. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 61 months (range, 5 to 94 months), 59 events occurred in the tamoxifen group, and 55 occurred in the aminoglutethimide group. More treatment failures at distant sites, such as viscera (P =.02), were observed in the tamoxifen group. Although no differences in disease-free survival between the two groups have emerged so far, a significant trend favors aminoglutethimide in overall survival (P =.005) and breast cancer-specific survival (P =.06). Even if more patients in the antiaromatase group complained of drug-related side effects and more of them discontinued treatment (P =.0001), the number of cardiovascular events and, in general, of life-threatening adverse events was higher in the tamoxifen arm. CONCLUSION Switching patients from tamoxifen to aminoglutethimide treatment resulted in comparable event-free survival, but longer overall survival was achieved in patients who were switched to aminoglutethimide as compared with those who continued to receive tamoxifen. Should these preliminary results be confirmed by larger studies with a similar design, which are now testing the effectiveness of the new, more active, and tolerable aromatase inhibitors, sequencing tamoxifen with an aromatase inhibitor could become a preferable alternative to tamoxifen alone in early breast cancer patients.
Co-transcriptional splicing and the CTD code

Abstract Transcription and splicing are fundamental steps in gene expression. These processes have been studied intensively over the past four decades, and very recent findings are challenging some of the formerly established ideas. In particular, splicing was shown to occur much faster than previously thought, with the first spliced products observed as soon as splice junctions emerge from RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Splicing was also found coupled to a specific phosphorylation pattern of Pol II carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD), suggesting a new layer of complexity in the CTD code. Moreover, phosphorylation of the CTD may be scarcer than expected, and other post-translational modifications of the CTD are emerging with unanticipated roles in gene expression regulation.
Machine learning approach for correcting preposition errors using SVD features

Non-native English writers often make preposition errors in English language. The most commonly occurring preposition errors are preposition replacement, preposition missing and unwanted preposition. So, in this method, a system is developed for finding and handling the English preposition errors in preposition replacement case. The proposed method applies 2-Singular Value Decomposition (SVD2) concept for data decomposition resulting in fast calculation and these features are given for classification using Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier which obtains an overall accuracy above 90%. Features are retrieved using novel SVD2 based method applied on trigrams which is having a preposition in the middle of the context. A matrix with the left and right vectors of each word in the trigram is computed for applying SVD2 concept and these features are used for supervised classification. Preliminary results show that this novel feature extraction and dimensionality reduction method is the appropriate method for handling preposition errors.