Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Profile And Antibiogram Of Otitis Media Among Children In Yemen.

BACKGROUND Otitis media is a worldwide disease and is higher in developing countries, particularly among the low socioeconomic levels of the society. The aim of the study is to identify the bacterial etiologic agents of otitis media (OM) and their antibiotics sensitivity patterns among children in Specialized Sam Paediatric Centre (SSPC) and Al-Mamoon Diagnostic Medical Centre (AMDC), in Sana'a city. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done in SSPC and AMDC from January to October 2015. A total of 150 patients who had ear pus discharge and clinically diagnosed as OM were included in this study. Samples of ear discharge were collected, bacteriologically tested by standard methods and bacterial strains were identified using biochemical testes. Questionnaire was administered on patients or parents that cover the age, gender and the duration of symptoms. RESULTS A total of 150 children with OM, their age ranged from below 1-15 years (85 males and 65 females). Children less than 5 years of age were 100 and 50 with age ranged from 6-15 years. Bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (44%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.67%), Enterococcus species (12.67%), and Streptococcus pneumonia (10%). Bacterial culture revealed that, Staphylococcus aureus sensitivity to cefotaxime and azithromycin was 98%, to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was 92% and it was 85% to gentamicin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa sensitivity to cefotaxime was 100%, to azithromycin and gentamicin was 98% and it was 80% to cefaclor. Enterococcus sensitivity to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was 85%, to azithromycin was 80%, and it was 75% to cefotaxime, and gentamicin. CONCLUSIONS The most common microorganism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas, Enterococcus species, and then Streptococcus pneumonia. The most effective antibiotics were cefotaxime, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin and gentamicin. Therefore, knowledge of antimicrobial susceptibility test is essential for guiding appropriate antibacterial therapy.
Estimates of the British Jewish population 1984-88.

"During the 20th century, estimates of the British Jewish population have been obtained by applying appropriate death-rates to communal mortality data. This death-rate method has become increasingly sophisticated with respect to the death-rates used. The exercise reported here covers more than 22,000 deaths recorded in the community over the 5-year period [1984-88]. An estimate of 308,000 is suggested for the community, in which deaths-related data are augmented by information about births within the community. "
Time Course Study of Ancymidol for Micropropagation of Hosta in a Liquid Culture System

The gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor, ancymidol, was used during micropropagation of Hosta 'Blue Vision'. Shoot growth and bud division was monitored every 2 weeks over an 8-week period in media containing 1 μM benzyladenine (BA) and various levels of ancymidol (0,0.1,0.32,1 and 3.2 μM). Ancymidol prolonged bud division from 2 to 6 weeks and increased the total number of buds produced. Shoots grown in medium containing ancymidol had greater fresh weight, shorter-broader leaves and less dry weight than those grown without ancymidol. Reduced dry weight of buds grown in the presence of ancymidol was correlated to the depletion of sugars in the medium. A bioassay using 'Saturn' tall rice revealed that ancymidol was active for the entire 8-week culture period.
Comparison of Join Algorithms in MapReduce Framework

In the current technological world, there is generation of enormous data each and every day by different media and social networks. The MapReduce framework is increasingly being used widely to analyse large volumes of data. One of the techniques that framework is join algorithm. Join algorithms can be divided into two groups: Reduceside join and Map-side join. The aim of our work is to compare existing join algorithms which are used by the MapReduce framework. We have compared Reducer-side merge join and Map-side replication-join in terms of preprocessing, the number of phases involved, whether it is sensitive to data skew, whether there is need for distributed Cache, memory overflow.
A History of Namibia: From the Beginning to 1990

In 1990 Namibia gained its independence after a decades-long struggle against South African rule--and, before that, against German colonialism. This book, the first new scholarly general history of Namibia in two decades, provides a fresh synthesis of these events, and of the much longer pre-colonial period. A History of Namibia opens with a chapter by John Kinahan covering the evidence of human activity in Namibia from the earliest times to the nineteenth century, and for the first time making a synthesis of current archaeological research widely available to non-specialists. In subsequent chapters, Marion Wallace weaves together the most up-to-date academic research (in English and German) on Namibian history, from the mid-eighteenth century to the present. She explores histories of migration, production and power in the pre-colonial period, the changes triggered by European expansion, and the dynamics of the period of formal colonialism. The coverage of German rule includes a full chapter on the genocide of 1904-8. Here, Wallace outlines the history and historiography of the wars fought in central and southern Namibia, and the subsequent mass imprisonment of defeated Africans in concentration camps. The final two chapters analyse the period of African nationalism, apartheid and war between 1946 and 1990. The book's conclusion looks briefly at the development of Namibia in the two decades since independence. A History of Namibia provides an invaluable introduction and reference source to the past of a country that is often neglected, despite its significance in the history of the region and, indeed, for that of European colonialism and international relations. It makes accessible the latest research on the country, illuminates current controversies, puts forward new insights, and suggests future directions for research. The book's extensive bibliography adds to its usefulness for scholar and general reader alike.
TAM reasons for gender treason in technology change

Unquestionably, more women should be encouraged to study computing technology and to become the high-tech professionals. Women do not yet equal in men in frequency of computer usage. Equally important, however, is the quality of women's experience as users of information technology (IT). As more and more of global information comes from online sources, women unable or unwilling to use IT will exert little advocacy for advancing computing-treason to the movement toward universal computing. The leadership of women is critical to molding a cyberworld vision that both genders will support. Adaptations of Davis's Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) can be useful to measure receptivity. The East and West need to explore the effects of non-receptivity to cyberlearning. Women need encouragement to share in developing a vision of an online world that they can advocate, and educational programs need to be designed to encourage women to lead in diffusion of cyberlearning.
Kirchhoff Index as a Measure of Edge Centrality in Weighted Networks: Nearly Linear Time Algorithms

Most previous work of centralities focuses on metrics of vertex importance and methods for identifying powerful vertices, while related work for edges is much lesser, especially for weighted networks, due to the computational challenge. In this paper, we propose to use the well-known Kirchhoff index as the measure of edge centrality in weighted networks, called $\theta$-Kirchhoff edge centrality. The Kirchhoff index of a network is defined as the sum of effective resistances over all vertex pairs. The centrality of an edge $e$ is reflected in the increase of Kirchhoff index of the network when the edge $e$ is partially deactivated, characterized by a parameter $\theta$. We define two equivalent measures for $\theta$-Kirchhoff edge centrality. Both are global metrics and have a better discriminating power than commonly used measures, based on local or partial structural information of networks, e.g. edge betweenness and spanning edge centrality. Despite the strong advantages of Kirchhoff index as a centrality measure and its wide applications, computing the exact value of Kirchhoff edge centrality for each edge in a graph is computationally demanding. To solve this problem, for each of the $\theta$-Kirchhoff edge centrality metrics, we present an efficient algorithm to compute its $\epsilon$-approximation for all the $m$ edges in nearly linear time in $m$. The proposed $\theta$-Kirchhoff edge centrality is the first global metric of edge importance that can be provably approximated in nearly-linear time. Moreover, according to the $\theta$-Kirchhoff edge centrality, we present a $\theta$-Kirchhoff vertex centrality measure, as well as a fast algorithm that can compute $\epsilon$-approximate Kirchhoff vertex centrality for all the $n$ vertices in nearly linear time in $m$.
AMPA receptors shape Ca2+ responses in cortical oligodendrocyte progenitors and CG‐4 cells

Intracellular calcium signals triggered by glutamate receptor activation were studied in primary cortical oligodendrocyte lineage cells and in the oligodendrocyte cell line CG‐4. Glutamate, kainate, and AMPA (30‐300 μM) increased [Ca 2+]i in both types of cells at the stage of oligodendrocyte progenitors (O‐2A; GD3+) or pro‐oligodendroblasts (04+). The peak amplitude of Ca2+ responses to glutamate receptor agonists was significantly larger in cortical cells. In CG‐4 and in cortical cells, the majority (more than 90%) of bipolar GD3+ or multipolar 04+ cells responded to kamate. In all the cells analyzed, kainate was more efficacious than AMPA and glutamate. The percentage of bipolar or multipolar cells responding to glutamate was significantly lower in the CG‐4 cell line than in primary cultures. Cellular responses typical of metabotropic glutamate receptor activation were observed in 20% of the cortical O‐2A progenitors, but in none of the CG‐4 cells. The AMPA‐selective antagonist GYKI 52466 blocked kainate‐induced Ca2+ responses in cortical O‐2A cells. The selective AMPA receptor modulator cyclothiazide (30 μM) greatly potentiated the effects of AMPA (30‐100 μM) on [Ca 2+]i in cortical and CG‐4 cells. Our findings indicate that Ca2+ responses in cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage are primarily shaped by functional AMPA receptors. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Multiple Lyapunov functions approach to observer-based H ∞ control for switched systems

This article investigates the issue of H ∞ control for a class of continuous-time switched Lipschitz nonlinear systems. None of the individual subsystems is assumed to be stabilisable with H ∞ disturbance attenuation. Based on a generalised multiple Lyapunov functions (GMLFs) approach, which removes the nonincreasing requirement at switching points, a sufficient condition for the solvability of the H ∞ control problem under a state estimation-dependent switching law is presented. Observers, controllers and a switching law are simultaneously designed. As an extension, a sufficient condition for exponential stabilisability is also given.
Miniature Inverted Repeat Transposable Element Insertions Provide a Source of Intron Length Polymorphism Markers in the Carrot (Daucus carota L.)

The prevalence of non-autonomous class II transposable elements (TEs) in plant genomes may serve as a tool for relatively rapid and low-cost development of gene-associated molecular markers. Miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) copies inserted within introns can be exploited as potential intron length polymorphism (ILP) markers. ILPs can be detected by PCR with primers anchored in exon sequences flanking the target introns. Here, we designed primers for 209 DcSto (Daucus carota Stowaway-like) MITE insertion sites within introns along the carrot genome and validated them as candidate ILP markers in order to develop a set of markers for genotyping the carrot. As a proof of concept, 90 biallelic DcS-ILP markers were selected and used to assess genetic diversity of 27 accessions comprising wild Daucus carota and cultivated carrot of different root shape. The number of effective alleles was 1.56, mean polymorphism informative content was 0.27, while the average observed and expected heterozygosity was 0.24 and 0.34, respectively. Sixty-seven loci showed positive values of Wright's fixation index. Using Bayesian approach, two clusters comprising four wild and 23 cultivated accessions, respectively, were distinguished. Within the cultivated carrot gene pool, four subclusters representing accessions from Chantenay, Danvers, Imperator, and Paris Market types were revealed. It is the first molecular evidence for root-type associated diversity structure in western cultivated carrot. DcS-ILPs detected substantial genetic diversity among the studied accessions and, showing considerable discrimination power, may be exploited as a tool for germplasm characterization and analysis of genome relationships. The developed set of DcS-ILP markers is an easily accessible molecular marker genotyping system based on TE insertion polymorphism.
The new Oxford book of war poetry

There can be no area of human experience that has generated a wider range of powerful feelings than war. Jon Stallworthy's classic and celebrated anthology spans centuries of human experience of war, from Homer's Iliad, through the First and Second World Wars, the Vietnam War, and the wars fought since. This new edition, published to mark the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War, includes a new introduction and additional poems from David Harsent and Peter Wyton amongst others. The new selection provides improved coverage of the two World Wars and the Vietnam War, and new coverage of the wars of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.
A low power MEMS-ASIC silicon resonant accelerometor with sub-µg bias instability and ±30g full-scale

This paper demonstrates a silicon resonant accelerometer which consists of a MEMS structure and an ASIC readout circuit. The MEMS sensor is fabricated in an 80-μm thick SOI process with a wafer level vacuum package. For noise reduction, several techniques are employed during the circuit design. And in order to reduce the temperature drift due to self heating, the power consumption is carefully limited. Finally, the prototype with these two chips is implemented, and the testing results show it can achieve sub-μg bias instability and equation velocity random walk within ±30g full scale. Moreover, this prototype consumes 3.5mW under 1.5V single supply.
Improvement of DOA estimation accuracy of UWB signal by equi-frequency ratio division

High resolution method for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using array antenna is studied actively. The estimation accuracy for ultra wideband (UWB) signal is decreased because of distortion of antenna patterns. For the problem, the authors have already proposed a sub-band signal processing technique to decrease the effect of antenna pattern distortion. In this paper, a novel division method of frequency band for sub-band signal processing is proposed. In the proposed method, UWB signal is divided with equi-frequency ratio (EFR). Through computer simulation, it is clarified that the estimation error is greatly reduced by combination of spectrum averaging method and EFR method even if the relative bandwidth is very wide. It is also shown that the estimation accuracy is improved by EFR method when the frequency ratio is large and number of sub-band is small. Therefore, we can say that the proposed EFR method is effective for wideband signals with small sub-band number system.
Network Formation Game for Multi-Hop Wearable Communications over Millimeter Wave Frequencies

In this paper, the use of multi-hop, device-to- device communications over millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies is studied for effective wearable communications. In particular, a problem of uplink communications is studied for a wearable network, in which each wearable device aims to form a multihop path over mmW to access a cellular base station, in order to overcome the high channel loss caused by mmW attenuation and blockage. To analyze the optimal selection of the uplink path, a network formation game is formulated between all wearable devices. In this game, each wearable device autonomously chooses the uplink path that maximizes its quality-of-service that captures the tradeoff between rate, delay, and privacy. To solve this game, a novel algorithm that combines best response dynamics with mixed-strategy techniques is proposed to find the mixed Nash network, which corresponds to a stable uplink structure at which no wearable device can improve its utility by changing its network formation decision. Simulation results show that the proposed game approach improves the average utility per wearable device of over 14% and 78%, respectively, compared with the direct transmission and the nearest next-hop schemes.
Increased Mitochondrial Mass and Cytosolic Redox Imbalance in Hippocampal Astrocytes of a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome: Subcellular Changes Revealed by Ratiometric Imaging of JC-1 and roGFP1 Fluorescence

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with mutations in the MECP2 gene. Mostly girls are affected, and an apparently normal development is followed by cognitive impairment, motor dysfunction, epilepsy, and irregular breathing. Various indications suggest mitochondrial dysfunction. In Rett mice, brain ATP levels are reduced, mitochondria are leaking protons, and respiratory complexes are dysregulated. Furthermore, we found in MeCP2-deficient mouse (Mecp2−/y) hippocampus an intensified mitochondrial metabolism and ROS generation. We now used emission ratiometric 2-photon imaging to assess mitochondrial morphology, mass, and membrane potential (ΔΨm) in Mecp2−/y hippocampal astrocytes. Cultured astrocytes were labeled with the ΔΨm marker JC-1, and semiautomated analyses yielded the number of mitochondria per cell, their morphology, and ΔΨm. Mecp2−/y astrocytes contained more mitochondria than wild-type (WT) cells and were more oxidized. Mitochondrial size, ΔΨm, and vulnerability to pharmacological challenge did not differ. The antioxidant Trolox opposed the oxidative burden and decreased the mitochondrial mass, thereby dampening the differences among WT and Mecp2−/y astrocytes; mitochondrial size and ΔΨm were not markedly affected. In conclusion, mitochondrial alterations and redox imbalance in RTT also involve astrocytes. Mitochondria are more numerous in Mecp2−/y than in WT astrocytes. As this genotypic difference is abolished by Trolox, it seems linked to the oxidative stress in RTT.
Methods for Discovering Prosodic Cues to Turn-Taking

Discovering and quantifying the prosodic signals that help manage turn-taking is difficult, in part because of the limitations of commonly used methods. This paper presents an integrated method using both perceptually-based analysis and quantitative analysis, tightly integrated. The eight activities involved in the method — clarification of aims, problem formulation, corpus preparation, feature discovery, feature combination, hypothesis refinement, tuning, and evaluation — are illustrated using task of finding prosodic cues for back-channel feedback in Egyptian Arabic.
A review of current bronchoscopic interventions for obstructive airway diseases

Obstructive diseases of the airway are a diverse group, although they share in common airway narrowing as a sequel to inflammation, which leads to increased work of breathing. Optimal treatment strategies for this heterogeneous group of asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema should be multidimensional and embrace pharmacological and nonpharmacological means as well as surgery in a highly select group of patients with emphysema. We review the current status of the bronchoscopic interventions that have been in development for the past decade with the objectives of providing better symptom control in asthma and palliation in individuals with emphysema who are otherwise poor candidates for lung volume reduction surgery.
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE TOWARD LUMINOUS NEARBY GALAXIES: NGC 253 AND NGC 4945

We present the detection of hydrogen fluoride (HF) in two luminous nearby galaxies, NGC 253 and NGC 4945 using the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on board the Herschel Space Observatory. The HF line toward NGC 253 has a P-Cygni profile, while an asymmetric absorption profile is seen toward NGC 4945. The P-Cygni profile in NGC 253 suggests an outflow of molecular gas with a mass of M(H2)out ∼ 1 × 107 M☉ and an outflow rate as large as Ṁ ∼6.4 M☉ yr−1. In the case of NGC 4945, the axisymmetric velocity components in the HF line profile are compatible with the interpretation of a fast-rotating nuclear ring surrounding the nucleus and the presence of inflowing gas. The gas falls into the nucleus with an inflow rate of ⩽1.2 M☉ yr−1, inside an inner radius of ⩽200 pc. The gas accretion rate to the central active galactic nucleus is much smaller, suggesting that the inflow may be triggering a nuclear starburst. From these results, the HF J = 1–0 line is seen to provide an important probe of the kinematics of absorbing material along the sight-line to nearby galaxies with bright dust continuum and a promising new tracer of molecular gas in high-redshift galaxies.
Nucleic Acids Research

The ColEl Rom protein contributes to copy number control by affecting the rate of formation of a complex between RNA II, the precursor of the primer for DNA replication, and RNA I, a small RNA complementary to the 5' end of RNA II. Interaction of RNA I with RNA II can affect plasmid copy number by preventing primer formation. Although the RNA I and RNA II tran- scripts have been well characterized, the rom mRNA has not previously been detected. We have now identified the rom mRNA, and determined its start site both in vitro and in vivo. We also have found that the rom mRNA terminates at any of several sites, and that its synthesis is not autoregulated by the Rom protein. By using an internal standard RNA to estimate the efficiency of detection of the rom mRNA, its level was determined to be about 1 molecule per cell.
Viscoelastic properties of tissue mimicking phantoms for ultrasound elastograpghy

Most biological soft tissues exhibit viscous behavior in addition to their well known elastic properties. Polyacrylamide gel based tissue mimicking phantoms have been developed. The viscoelastic properties of these phantoms were measured by subjecting the samples to cyclic loading. Samples prepared with varying concentration of monomer were considered so as to cover the normal and pathological lesions. Results obtained in the measurement are fit to three models - Maxwell, Kelvin-Voigt (KV) and Kelvin-Voigt fractional derivative (KVFD) models, in order to determine the best fitting model. KVFD model is found to be best fitting model for the experimental data obtained.