Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CAPACITY DETERMINATION MODEL WITH TIME CONSTRAINTS AND BATCH PROCESSING IN SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER FABRICATION

ABSTRACT Recently, wafer fabrication has become more complicated and lengthened the product queue time. To ensure final product yield, engineers need to set up queue time limits for particular machines during wafer processing; we name it as “time constraints”. Time constraint problems are more serious when the time constraint is short, process is reentrant and batching. Generally, batch processing in wafer fabrication is matching these characteristics. To eradicate difficulties with time constraints and batching process, capacity planning must be addressed. This paper applied GI/G/m queuing theory to develop a capacity determination model for batch processing machines. The batching behavior is considered and taken as a factor to modify the mean and squared coefficient of variation of arrive rate in this model. By this queuing network model, the expected waiting time between machines in production systems can be estimated. Managers can also determine the capacity through the setting of expected rate of over time constraints. Furthermore, a checking table is derived for different utilizations, time constraints, and the probability of expected waiting time over time constraints. The approximate performance measures are compared with discrete-event simulation. The result shows the effectiveness of the proposed model and demonstrates that it is superior to the current planning method.
UPAL: Unbiased Pool Based Active Learning

In this paper we address the problem of pool based active learning, and provide an algorithm, called UPAL, that works by minimizing the unbiased estimator of the risk of a hypothesis in a given hypothesis space. For the space of linear classifiers and the squared loss we show that UPAL is equivalent to an exponentially weighted average forecaster. Exploiting some recent results regarding the spectra of random matrices allows us to establish consistency of UPAL when the true hypothesis is a linear hypothesis. Empirical comparison with an active learner implementation in Vowpal Wabbit, and a previously proposed pool based active learner implementation show good empirical performance and better scalability.
Human-Machine Conversation Based on Hybrid Neural Network

With the rise and popular of artificial intelligence,the technology of conversation between human and machine get more and more attention. Using neural network model on the Encoder-Decoder framework has been wildly used in translation and human-machine conversation. This paper we propose a new hybrid neural network model (HNN) which consists of some essential neural network models (that is RNN, LSTM, and CNN). At the same time, according to the number of words that each sentence contains, we will get three sub-datasets from the original dataset. Then training and testing our models on different sub-datasets. Experimental results show that the best accuracy belongs to different hybrid models on different sub-datasets, which indicate the proposed approach can make use of each models advantages aim at different sub-dataset.
Global Biogeographical Pattern of Ecosystem Functional Types Derived From Earth Observation Data

The present study classified global Ecosystem Functional Types (EFTs) derived from seasonal vegetation dynamics of the GIMMS3g NDVI time-series. Rotated Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was run on the derived phenological and productivity variables, which selected the Standing Biomass (approximation of Net Primary Productivity), the Cyclic Fraction (seasonal vegetation productivity), the Permanent Fraction (permanent surface vegetation), the Maximum Day (day of maximum vegetation development) and the Season Length (length of vegetation growing season) variables, describing 98% of the variation in global ecosystems. EFTs were created based on Isodata classification of the spatial patterns of the Principal Components and were interpreted via gradient analysis using the selected remote sensing variables and climatic constraints (radiation, temperature, and water) of vegetation growth. The association of the EFTs with existing climate and land cover classifications was demonstrated via Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). The ordination indicated good description of the global environmental gradient by the EFTs, supporting the understanding of phenological and productivity dynamics of global ecosystems. Climatic constraints of vegetation growth explained 50% of variation in the phenological data along the EFTs showing that part of the variation in the global phenological gradient is not climate related but is unique to the Earth Observation derived variables. DCA demonstrated good correspondence of the EFTs to global climate and also to land use classification. The results show the great potential of Earth Observation derived parameters for the quantification of ecosystem functional dynamics and for providing reference status information for future assessments of ecosystem changes.
RT Oblivious Erasure Correcting

An erasure correcting scheme is rateless if it is designed to tolerate any pattern of packet loss and reveal the transmitted information after a certain number of packets is received. On the one hand, transmission schemes that use rateless erasure correcting schemes do not usually use a feedback channel. However, they may require significant amount of additional processing by both the sender and the receiver. On the other hand, automatic repeated request protocols use a feedback channel to assist the sender, and do not usually require information processing. In this work we present a combined approach, where a lean feedback channel is used to assist the sender to efficiently transmit the information. Our Real-Time oblivious approach minimizes the processing time and the memory requirements of the receiver and, therefore, fits a variety of receiving devices. In addition, the transmission is real-time where the expected number of original packets revealed when a packet is received is approximately the same throughout the entire transmission process. We use our end-to-end scheme as a base for broadcast (and multicast) schemes. An overlay tree structure is used to convey the information to a large number of receivers. Moreover, the receivers may download the information from a number of senders or even migrate from one sender to another.
Multi-site test optimization for multi-Vdd SoCs using space- and time- division multiplexing

Even though system-on-chip (SoC) testing at multiple voltage settings significantly increases test complexity, the use of a different shift frequency at each voltage setting offers parallelism that can be exploited by time-division multiplexing (TDM) to reduce test length. We show that TDM is especially effective for small-bitwidth and heavily loaded test-access mechanisms (TAMs), thereby tangibly increasing the effectiveness of multi-site testing. However, TDM suffers from some inherent limitations that do not allow the fullest possible exploitation of TAM bandwidth. To overcome these limitations, we propose space-division multiplexing (SDM), which complements TDM and offers higher multi-site test efficiency. We implement space-and time-division multiplexing (STDM) using a new, scalable test-time minimization method based on a combination of bin packing and simulated annealing. Results for industrial SoCs, highlight the advantages of the proposed optimization method.
P2P Live Streaming with Tree-Mesh based Hybrid Overlay

P2P technology has been widely adopted in live streaming system for its scalability and low commercial cost. However, tree based system or mesh based system still has to face the constraint or tradeoff caused by its solo shaped overlay construction. To address this problem, this paper introduces a tree-mesh based hybrid overlay and an optimized scheduling method. These works have been proven efficient in terms of low control overhead and better streaming experience compared with other systems. All algorithms and methods have been implemented in Anysee 2.
Strategy and Endowment Effects of k-ZI Strategy in Continuous Double Auction Markets

It is easy to understand that the strategy and the endowment will affect a trader's profit in a continuous double auction (CDA) market by qualitative analysis, but it is hard by quantitative analysis. This paper quantitatively analyzes the strategy effect, the endowment effect, and the interaction between them in computerized CDA markets with k-ZI agents.
Antioxidant Capacities and Total Phenolic Contents of 56 Wild Fruits from South China

In order to identify wild fruits possessing high nutraceutical potential, the antioxidant activities of 56 wild fruits from South China were systematically evaluated. The fat-soluble components were extracted with tetrahydrofuran, and the water-soluble ones were extracted with a 50:3.7:46.3 (v/v) methanol-acetic acid-water mixture. The antioxidant capacities of the extracts were evaluated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays, and their total phenolic contents were measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Most of these wild fruits were analyzed for the first time for their antioxidant activities. Generally, these fruits had high antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents. A significant correlation between the FRAP value and the TEAC value suggested that antioxidant components in these wild fruits were capable of reducing oxidants and scavenging free radicals. A high correlation between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content indicated that phenolic compounds could be the main contributors to the measured antioxidant activity. The results showed that fruits of Eucalyptus robusta, Eurya nitida, Melastoma sanguineum, Melaleuca leucadendron, Lagerstroemia indica, Caryota mitis, Lagerstroemia speciosa and Gordonia axillaris possessed the highest antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents among those tested, and could be potential rich sources of natural antioxidants and functional foods. The results obtained are very helpful for the full utilization of these wild fruits.
Endothelial Erg expression is required for embryogenesis and vascular integrity

abstract Members of the ETS family of transcription factors are involved in several developmental processes including endothelial cell specification and blood vessel formation, but their exact roles remain unclear. The family member Erg is highly expressed in endothelial cells as compared to other developing cell types including chondrocytes, hematopoietic cells and mesodermal cells. To study the specific roles ERG plays in endothelial cell specification and function during early embryogenesis, we conditionally ablated it by mating ErgloxP/loxP and Tie2-Cre mice. We found that mutant embryos died by mid-gestation and that angiogenesis and vascular integrity were highly compromised. Our study reveals that ERG has essential and cell autonomous roles in endothelial cell development and blood vessel maintenance.
Spine versus porcupine: a study in distributed wearable activity recognition

This paper seeks to explore an alternative and more embedded-oriented approach to the recognition of a person's motion and pose, using sensor types that can easily be distributed in clothing. A large proportion of this type of research so far has been carried out with carefully positioned accelerometers, resulting in fairly good recognition rates. An alternative approach targets a more pervasive sensing vision where the clothing is saturated with small, embedded sensors. By increasing the quantity of sensors, while decreasing their individual information quality, a preliminary comparative study between the two approaches looks at the pros, cons, and differences in algorithm requirements.
Boundary matters: Impact of finite boundary to packet delay performance in mobile data networks

Although the research of mobile data networks has gained significant attention lately, little have been done to study the impact of finite network boundary in such networks. To understand how finite cell boundary affects the delay performance, we analyze the delay problem from the packet movement point of view. We first divide the network scenarios into three categories based on the value of the expected packet propagation speed v and derive the upper and lower bounds for their expected packet delay, respectively. Then, we show that the packet delay scales linearly when v <; 0, while it scales quadratically for the cases v > 0 and v = 0 when the boundary effect is absent. Simulation results verify our analysis and show that the boundary effect in fact increases the delay performance for both v > 0 and v = 0.
Are there Viruses in Industrial Bioleaching Econiches?

Detailed descriptions of the consortia present in commercial mineral processing operations have emerged in recent years, improving our understanding of the biology and the ecology of bioleaching. In spite of this progress, one of the aspects of biomining microbial ecology that remains un-tackled is that of virus-host interactions. The effects of viruses on the dynamics of the bioleaching microbial consortia and their impact in metal recovery is presently unknown. To begin addressing this issue we asked a basic question: ¿Are there viruses in industrial bioleaching econiches In this work, we answer that question experimentally, assessing the number and types of viral particles recovered in the leachates from different industrial settings, using epifluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Findings emerging from this work point to an almost null presence of viral particles in the leachates from mineral processing operations, possibly due to structural stability issues of the particles in the extreme acidic and highly oxidant conditions favoured by their potential microbial hosts. In turn, DNA-loaded viral-size vesicles of presently unknown function are frequent and abundant in all samples analysed.
Long-Term Exercise Is a Potent Trigger for ΔFosB Induction in the Hippocampus along the dorso–ventral Axis

Physical exercise improves multiple aspects of hippocampal function. In line with the notion that neuronal activity is key to promoting neuronal functions, previous literature has consistently demonstrated that acute bouts of exercise evoke neuronal activation in the hippocampus. Repeated activating stimuli lead to an accumulation of the transcription factor ΔFosB, which mediates long-term neural plasticity. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that long-term voluntary wheel running induces ΔFosB expression in the hippocampus, and examined any potential region-specific effects within the hippocampal subfields along the dorso–ventral axis. Male C57BL/6 mice were housed with or without a running wheel for 4 weeks. Long-term wheel running significantly increased FosB/ΔFosB immunoreactivity in all hippocampal regions measured (i.e., in the DG, CA1, and CA3 subfields of both the dorsal and ventral hippocampus). Results confirmed that wheel running induced region-specific expression of FosB/ΔFosB immunoreactivity in the cortex, suggesting that the uniform increase in FosB/ΔFosB within the hippocampus is not a non-specific consequence of running. Western blot data indicated that the increased hippocampal FosB/ΔFosB immunoreactivity was primarily due to increased ΔFosB. These results suggest that long-term physical exercise is a potent trigger for ΔFosB induction throughout the entire hippocampus, which would explain why exercise can improve both dorsal and ventral hippocampus-dependent functions. Interestingly, we found that FosB/ΔFosB expression in the DG was positively correlated with the number of doublecortin-immunoreactive (i.e., immature) neurons. Although the mechanisms by which ΔFosB mediates exercise-induced neurogenesis are still uncertain, these data imply that exercise-induced neurogenesis is at least activity dependent. Taken together, our current results suggest that ΔFosB is a new molecular target involved in regulating exercise-induced hippocampal plasticity.
Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Adherence Factor Plasmid pMAR7

ABSTRACT The complete nucleotide sequence was determined for pMAR7, an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) adherence factor (EAF) plasmid that contains genes encoding a type IV attachment pilus (Bfp) and the global virulence regulator per. Prototypic EAF plasmid pMAR7 is self-transmissible, unlike the smaller EAF plasmid pB171, which has no genes encoding conjugative functions. The tra locus, a highly conserved 33-kb segment found in pMAR7, is similar to the tra (conjugation) region of the F plasmid. ISEc13 copies flanking the pMAR7 tra region could potentially mobilize or delete the tra genes. Hybridization of 134 EPEC strains showed that a complete tra region is present only in strains of the EPEC1 clonal group. This study confirms EPEC's potential for dissemination of virulence attributes by horizontal transfer of the EAF plasmid.
Correlation-and-Bit-Aware Spread Spectrum Embedding for Data Hiding

This paper proposes a correlation-and-bit-aware concept for data hiding by exploiting the side information at the encoder side, and we present two improved data hiding approaches based on the popular additive spread spectrum embedding idea. We first propose the correlation-aware spread spectrum (CASS) embedding scheme, which is shown to provide better watermark decoding performance than the traditional additive spread spectrum (SS) scheme. Further, we propose the correlation-aware improved spread spectrum (CAISS) embedding scheme by incorporating SS, improved spread spectrum (ISS), and the proposed correlation-and-bit-aware concept. Compared with the traditional additive SS, the proposed CASS and CAISS maintain the simplicity of the decoder. Our analysis shows that, by efficiently incorporating the side information, CASS and CAISS could significantly reduce the host effect in data hiding and improve the watermark decoding performance remarkably. To demonstrate the improved decoding performance and the robustness by employing the correlation-and-bit-aware concept, the theoretical bit-error performances of the proposed data hiding schemes in the absence and presence of additional noise are analyzed. Simulation results show the superiority of the proposed data hiding schemes over traditional SS schemes.
Error Control Schemes for Modern Flash Memories: Solutions for Flash deficiencies

Flash, already one of the dominant forms of data storage for mobile consumer devices, such as smartphones and media players, is experiencing explosive growth in cloud and enterprise applications. Flash devices offer very high access speeds, low power consumption, and physical resiliency. Our goal in this article is to provide a high-level overview of error correction for Flash. We will begin by discussing Flash functionality and design. We will introduce the nature of Flash deficiencies. Afterwards, we describe the basics of ECCs. We discuss BCH and LDPC codes in particular and wrap up the article with more directions for Flash coding.
Intravenous Antibiotics Used in the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in medical care, the prevalence of both community-acquired and hospital-acquired MRSA has progressively increased. Community-acquired MRSA typically occurs in patients without recent illness or hospitalization, presents as acute skin and soft tissue infections, and is usually not multidrug resistant. Hospital-acquired MRSA, however, presents in patients recently hospitalized or treated in long-term care settings and in those who have had medical procedures and is usually associated with multidrug-resistant strains. Both types of infections, if not properly treated, have the potential to become invasive. This article discusses current intravenous antibiotics that are available for the empiric treatment of MRSA infections along with a newer phenomenon known as the "seesaw effect. "
Prognostic significance of mid- and post-ABVD PET imaging in Hodgkin's lymphoma: the importance of involved-field radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND Although positron emission tomography (PET) response to chemotherapy (CT) has prognostic significance in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), it is unclear whether patients with 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET positivity during and/or after CT can be rendered disease free with consolidative involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT). METHODS Patients with HL treated with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD)-based CT and radiotherapy (RT) at our institution from January 2000 to March 2007 were eligible. All patients had either a post-treatment PET or PET-CT before initiation of RT or a negative midtreatment PET or PET-CT. The primary end point was failure-free survival (FFS) for patients with and without residual FDG avidity after ABVD. The treatment outcome of patients with interim PET positivity during CT was also reported. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were included in this study. Twenty patients (out of 46) were PET positive on interim PET, and 13 patients (out of 73) were PET positive at the conclusion of CT. At a median follow-up of 3.4 years for surviving patients, the 2-year FFSs for patients PET-negative versus PET-positive disease after ABVD were 95% and 69%, respectively (P < 0.01). On bivariable Cox regression, post-ABVD positivity (hazard ratio 4.8, P = 0.05) was predictive of disease recurrence after controlling for bulky disease. Of the 20 patients with interim PET positivity, three recurred, with a 2-year FFS of 85%. Among the 13 patients with interim PET positivity, but became PET negative at the completion of CT, the 2-year FFS was 92%. CONCLUSION Sixty-nine per cent of patients with residual FDG avidity after ABVD were free of disease after consolidative RT, indicating a majority of patients with persistent lymphoma can be cured by sterilizing this PET-positive disease.
Recognition and phagocytosis of apoptotic T cells by resident murine tissue macrophages require multiple signal transduction events

Macrophages (Mø) ingest apoptotic cells with unique effects on their cytokine production, but the signaling pathways involved are virtually unknown. Signal transduction in response to recognition of apoptotic thymocytes by resident murine alveolar (AMø) or peritoneal (PMø) Mø was studied by in vitro phagocytosis assay. Phagocytosis was decreased in a dose‐dependent and nontoxic manner by inhibiting phosphatidylinosiol 3 kinase (wortmannin and LY294002), protein tyrosine phosphorylation (herbimycin A, genistein, piceatannol, and for AMø only, PP2), and protein kinase C (staurosporine, Gö 6976, and calphostin C). Exposure of Mø to apoptotic or heat‐killed thymocytes, but not to viable thymocytes, activated ERK1/2 rapidly, as detected by specific phosphorylation, but did not activate NF‐κB or MAP kinases p38 or JNK. Mø phagocytosis of apoptotic T cells requires tyrosine, serine/threonine, and lipid phosphorylation. Mø recognition of apoptotic T cells triggers rapid but limited MAP kinase activation.