Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SockMi: a solution for migrating TCP/IP connections

SockMi is a solution for the migration of TCP/IP connections between Linux systems. Only the migrating peer of the connection needs to reside on a Linux system. The migration is completely transparent to the other peer that can reside on a system running any operating system. Our solution does not require changes to existing Linux kernel data structures and algorithms and can be activated in any phase of the connection. Both 2.4 and 2.6 versions of the Linux kernel are supported
Curvature-based Comparison of Two Neural Networks

In this paper we show the similarities and differences of two deep neural networks by comparing the manifolds composed of activation vectors in each fully connected layer of them. The main contribution of this paper includes 1) a new data generating algorithm which is crucial for determining the dimension of manifolds; 2) a systematic strategy to compare manifolds. Especially, we take Riemann curvature and sectional curvature as part of criterion, which can reflect the intrinsic geometric properties of manifolds. Some interesting results and phenomenon are given, which help in specifying the similarities and differences between the features extracted by two networks and demystifying the intrinsic mechanism of deep neural networks.
Mixture of Experts and Local-Global Neural Networks

In this paper we investigate mixture of experts problems in the context of Local-Global Neural Networks. This type of architecture was originaly conceived for functional approximation and interpolation problems. Numerical experiments are presented, showing quite nice solutions. Because of its local characteristics, this type of approach brings the advantage of improving interpretability.
Framing Third-Sector Contributions to Service Provision

Third-sector organizations provide essential services, but not all types of organizations operate equally well given different intensities of public problems. This article considers the need to create three-dimensional maps of the sector matching populations of service providers with the intensities of public problems where they operate. It does so by providing a framework for understanding third-sector organizational service provision. It is illustrated by following a case of essential service provision in the face of state failure. It concludes by highlighting the utility of three-dimensional maps for policy makers.
The Effects of High‐Dose Glutamine Ingestion on Weightlifting Performance

The purpose of this study was to determine if high-dose glutamine ingestion affected weightlifting performance. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 6 resistance-trained men (mean ± SE: age, 21.5 ± 0.3 years; weight, 76.5 ± 2.8 kg-1) performed weightlifting exercises after the ingestion of glutamine or glycine (0.3 g·kg-1) mixed with calorie-free fruit juice or placebo (calorie-free fruit juice only). Each subject underwent each of the 3 treatments in a randomized order. One hour after ingestion, subjects performed 4 total sets of exercise to momentary muscular failure (2 sets of leg presses at 200% of body weight, 2 sets of bench presses at 100% of body weight). There were no differences in the average number of maximal repetitions performed in the leg press or bench press exercises among the 3 groups. These data indicate that the short-term ingestion of glutamine does not enhance weightlifting performance in resistance-trained men.
Online Learning with Composite Loss Functions

We study a new class of online learning problems where each of the online algorithm’s actions is assigned an adversarial value, and the loss of the algorithm at each step is a known and deterministic function of the values assigned to its recent actions. This class includes problems where the algorithm’s loss is the minimum over the recent adversarial values, the maximum over the recent values, or a linear combination of the recent values. We analyze the minimax regret of this class of problems when the algorithm receives bandit feedback, and prove that when the minimum or maximum functions are used, the minimax regret is e ( T 2=3 ) (so called hard online learning prob
An open architecture for sensory feedback control of a dual-arm industrial robotic cell

Purpose – To present an open architecture for real‐time sensory feedback control of a dual‐arm industrial robotic cell. The setup is composed of two industrial robot manipulators equipped with force/torque sensors and pneumatic grippers, a vision system and a belt conveyor.Design/methodology/approach – The original industrial robot controllers have been replaced by a single PC with software running under a real‐time variant of the Linux operative system.Findings – The new control architecture allows advanced control schemes to be developed and tested for the single robots and for the dual‐arm robotic cell, including force control and visual servoing tasks.Originality/value – An advanced user interface and a simulation environment have been developed, which permit fast, safe and reliable prototyping of planning and control algorithms.
A Decade of War: Prospective Trajectories of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Deployed US Military Personnel and the Influence of Combat Exposure

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric disorder among service members and veterans. The clinical course of PTSD varies between individuals, and patterns of symptom development have yet to be clearly delineated. Previous studies have been limited by convenience sampling, short follow-up periods, and the inability to account for combat-related trauma. To determine the trajectories of PTSD symptoms among deployed military personnel with and without combat exposure, we used data from a population-based representative sample of 8,178 US service members who participated in the Millennium Cohort Study from 2001 to 2011. Using latent growth mixture modeling, trajectories of PTSD symptoms were determined in the total sample, as well as in individuals with and without combat exposure, respectively. Overall, 4 trajectories of PTSD were characterized: resilient, pre-existing, new-onset, and moderate stable. Across all trajectories, combat-deployed service members diverged from non-combat-deployed service members, even after a single deployment. The former also generally had higher PTSD symptoms. Based on the models, nearly 90% of those without combat exposure remained resilient over the 10-year period, compared with 80% of those with combat exposure. Findings demonstrate that although the clinical course of PTSD symptoms shows heterogeneous patterns of development, combat exposure is uniformly associated with poor mental health.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of early MR Imaging vessel signs in hyperacute stroke patients imaged <3 hours and treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Analogous to the CT hyperattenuated vessel sign (HMCAS), MR imaging may show hypo- or hyperintense vessels in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. We assessed the diagnostic and prognostic strength of early MR imaging vessel signs in AIS patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms. METHODS We studied AIS patients both treated with IVT and stroke MR imaged within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms and at 2 hours and 24 hours after treatment. We assessed the presence or absence of early vessel signs (hyperintense fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sign [FLAIR HVS]; gradient-echo susceptibility vessel sign [GRE SVS]) compared with a combined MR angiography/perfusion-weighted imaging reference and their strength for predicting clinical outcome (favorable vs. poor, independent vs. dependent, or dead, death), recanalization (by clot composition and flow), and hemorrhage in uni- and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Fifty-six patients (age range, 76 years +/- 13 years; median National Institutes of Health stroke scale score [NIHSSS], 11) met the inclusion criteria. Forty-four patients (78.6%) had a vessel occlusion at baseline; 22 of them (50%) recanalized. Nineteen patients (33.9%) suffered some form of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), 24 patients (42.9%) had an independent outcome, 18 patients (32.1%) a favorable outcome, and 14 patients died. Compared with our combined reference for vessel status PWI/MRA, the sensitivities of CT HMCAS, FLAIR HVS, and GRE SVS were 40%, 66%, and 34%, respectively, and improved during the hours that followed. Localization was accurately reflected by FLAIR HVS but not by GRE SVS. Only NIHSSS and age were independent predictors for recanalization and all clinical outcomes in multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION Although early vessel signs can be helpful in the diagnosis of intravascular disease, they do not independently predict recanalization, ICH, or any of the three clinical outcomes in a multivariate logistic regression model. Thrombus composition as reflected by signal intensity characteristics on GRE and FLAIR does not predict the therapeutic effect of IVT.
Optimizations of an application-level protocol for enhanced dependability in FlexRay

FlexRay [9] is an automotive standard for high-speed and reliable communication that is being widely deployed for next generation cars. The protocol has powerful error-detection mechanisms, but its error-management scheme forces a corrupted frame to be dropped without any notification to the transmitter. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of and propose an optimization approach for an application-level acknowledgement and retransmission scheme for which transmission time is allocated on top of an existing schedule. We formulate the problem as a Mixed Integer Linear Program. The optimization is comprised of two stages. The first stage optimizes a fault tolerance metric; the second improves scheduling by minimizing the latencies of the acknowledgement and retransmission messages. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a case study based on an experimental vehicle designed at General Motors.
Image Analysis Techniques for Industrial Inspection Systems

Techniki analizy obrazu dla potrzeb systemów inspekcji przemyss lowej Acknowledgments I am very grateful for the help and kindness of all the people that I had pleasure to meet while working on the thesis and earlier on, during last three years of exploring the field of industrial vision, including my teachers from the University of Wroclaw and Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne and my colleagues from the Adaptive Vision project. I am particularly grateful for the help, patience and support of my supervisor, Dr Andrzej Lukaszewski and the leader of the Adaptive Vision project-Michaa l Czardybon.
ATP binding to cytochrome c diminishes electron flow in the mitochondrial respiratory pathway

Eukaryotic cytochrome c possesses an ATP‐binding site of substantial specificity and high affinity that is conserved between highly divergent species and which includes the invariant residue arginine91. Such evolutionary conservatism strongly suggests a physiological role for ATP binding that demands further investigation. We report the preparation of adducts of the protein and the affinity labels 8‐azido adenosine 5′‐triphosphate, adenosine 5′‐triphosphate‐2′, 3′‐dialdehyde, and 5′‐p‐fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine. The two former reagents were seen to react at the arginine91‐containing site, yet the reaction of the latter, although specific, occurred elsewhere, suggesting caution is necessary in its use. None of the adducts displayed significant modification of global structure, stability, or physicochemical properties, leading us to believe that the 8‐N3‐ATP and oATP adducts are good stabilized models of the noncovalent interaction; yet modification led to significant, and sometimes pronounced, effects on biological activity. We therefore propose that the role of ATP binding to this site, which we have shown to occur when the phosphorylation potential of the system is high under the equivalent of physiological conditions, is to cause a decrease in electron flow through the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Differences in the degree of inhibition produced by differences in adduct chemistry suggest that this putative regulatory role is mediated primarily by electrostatic effects.
Recurrent Ladder Networks

We propose a recurrent extension of the Ladder networks whose structure is motivated by the inference required in hierarchical latent variable models. We demonstrate that the recurrent Ladder is able to handle a wide variety of complex learning tasks that benefit from iterative inference and temporal modeling. The architecture shows close-to-optimal results on temporal modeling of video data, competitive results on music modeling, and improved perceptual grouping based on higher order abstractions, such as stochastic textures and motion cues. We present results for fully supervised, semi-supervised, and unsupervised tasks. The results suggest that the proposed architecture and principles are powerful tools for learning a hierarchy of abstractions, learning iterative inference and handling temporal information.
Two-bit cell operation in diode-switch phase change memory cells with 90nm technology

This paper firstly reports key factors which are to be necessarily considered for the successful two-bit (four-level) cell operation in a phase-change random access memory (PRAM). They are: 1) the write-and-verify (WAV) writing of four-level resistance states; and 2) the moderate-quenched (MQ) writing of intermediate resistance levels, 3) the optimization of temporal resistance increase (so-called resistance drift) and 4) of resistance increase after thermal annealing. With taking into account of them, we realized a two-bit cell operation in diode-switch phase change memory cells with 90 nm technology. All of four resistance levels are highly write endurable and immune to write disturbance above 108 cycles, respectively. In addition, they are non-destructively readable above 107 read pulses at 100 ns and 1 uA.
DIFFERENCES IN SLEEP PATTERNS AMONG HEALTHY SLEEPERS AND PATIENTS AFTER STROKE

Sleep deprivation, whether from disorder or lifestyle, whether acute or chronic, poses a significant risk in daytime cognitive performance, excessive somnolence, impaired attention or decreased level of motor abilities. Ischemic stroke resulting in cerebral lesions is a well-known acute disorder that leaves affected patients strongly vulnerable to sleep disturbances that often lead to the above-mentioned cognitive and attentional impairments. In this paper, we analyzed and compared sleep patterns of healthy sleepers and patients after stroke. To overcome the well-known limits of the standardized sleep scoring into several discrete sleep stages we employed the recently proposed probabilistic sleep model that represents the sleep process as a continuum in terms of a set of probability curves. The probability curves were considered to represent a form of functional data, and microstructure along with time dynamics of the curves were studied using functional principal components analysis and clustering. Although our study represents a preliminary attempt to separate the two groups of subjects, we were able to identify several physiologically separate sleep patterns and we also identified sleep microstate patterns being a potential source allowing the discrimination of healthy subjects and stroke patients.
Dominance : Modeling Heap Structures with Sharing

A number of papers have used predicate languages over sets of ab tract locations to model the heap (decorating a heap graph with the predicates, or in conjunct io with an access path abstraction). In this work we introduce a new predicate, dominance, which is a generalization of aliasing and is used to model how objects are shared in the heap (e.g. do two lists contain t he same set of objects? ) and how sharing influences the results of destructive updates (e.g. if all th e objects in one list are modified does that imply that all the objects in another list are modified? ). The domin ance relation is introduced in the context of a graph-based heap model but the concept is general and can be incorporated in other frameworks as a high-level primitive. The motivation for introducing a higher-order predicate to m del sharing is based on the success of existing approaches which use connectivity, reachability , and sharing predicates to perform shape analysis using high-level graph-based models. Our approach pro vides an analysis technique that is efficient and scalable while retaining a high level of accuracy. This i s in contrast to proposals in the literature based on using logical languages (usually built on top of firs t-o der predicate logic) which either are highly expressive and very general (resulting in a computat ion lly expensive analysis) or utilize only fragments of the full logic (which reduces the computationa l cost but results in a much less powerful analysis). The approach presented in this paper has been implemented an d run on a variation of the Jolden benchmarks. The information extracted using the analysis h as been used to parallelize these programs with a near optimal speedup for 7 of the 9 benchmarks. The runt imes are small enough to make the analysis practical (a few seconds for each program).
The Clio project: managing heterogeneity

Clio is a system for managing and facilitating the complex tasks of heterogeneous data transformation and integration. In Clio, we have collected together a powerful set of data management techniques that have proven invaluable in tackling these difficult problems. In this paper, we present the underlying themes of our approach and present a brief case study.
Bounds for the query complexity of approximate equilibria

We analyze the number of payoff queries needed to compute approximate equilibria of multi-player games. We find that query complexity is an effective tool for distinguishing the computational difficulty of alternative solution concepts, and we develop new techniques for upper- and lower bounding the query complexity. For binary-choice games, we show logarithmic upper and lower bounds on the query complexity of approximate correlated equilibrium. For well-supported approximate correlated equilibrium (a restriction where a player's behavior must always be approximately optimal, in the worst case over draws from the distribution) we show a linear lower bound, thus separating the query complexity of well supported approximate correlated equilibrium from the standard notion of approximate correlated equilibrium. Finally, we give a query-efficient reduction from the problem of computing an approximate well-supported Nash equilibrium to the problem of verifying a well supported Nash equilibrium, where the additional query overhead is proportional to the description length of the game. This gives a polynomial-query algorithm for computing well supported approximate Nash equilibria (and hence correlated equilibria) in concisely represented games. We identify a class of games (which includes congestion games) in which the reduction can be made not only query efficient, but also computationally efficient.
Efficacy of an Online Resource for Teaching Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills to Women Graduate Students in Engineering.

Interpersonal problem solving skills allow engineers to prevent interpersonal difficulties more effectively and to manage conflict, both of which are critical to successful participation on teams. This research provides evidence that the CareerWISE online learning environment can improve those skills among women in engineering graduate programs. In a randomized controlled trial, N = 128 female doctoral students were randomly assigned to treatment and wait-list control (WLC) groups; treatment consisted of interacting for at least five hours with an online learning environment with comprehensive instruction in problem-solving applied to common interpersonal situations in the academy. A scenariobased assessment instrument measured participants’ ability to describe how they would apply that problem solving to a fictional scenario, and a rubric was used to score the responses. Results showed that treatment group members had better knowledge of interpersonal problem solving steps and were better able to describe how they would apply problem-solving skills to a relevant scenario.
Event extraction from Twitter using Non-Parametric Bayesian Mixture Model with Word Embeddings

To extract structured representations of newsworthy events from Twitter, unsupervised models typically assume that tweets involving the same named entities and expressed using similar words are likely to belong to the same event. Hence, they group tweets into clusters based on the co-occurrence patterns of named entities and topical keywords. However, there are two main limitations. First, they require the number of events to be known beforehand, which is not realistic in practical applications. Second, they don’t recognise that the same named entity might be referred to by multiple mentions and tweets using different mentions would be wrongly assigned to different events. To overcome these limitations, we propose a non-parametric Bayesian mixture model with word embeddings for event extraction, in which the number of events can be inferred automatically and the issue of lexical variations for the same named entity can be dealt with properly. Our model has been evaluated on three datasets with sizes ranging between 2,499 and over 60 million tweets. Experimental results show that our model outperforms the baseline approach on all datasets by 5-8% in F-measure.
Platelet-Mediated Cardioprotective Effect Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Rat Hearts: Role of Platelet Number and Contribution of Supernatant of Aggregated Platelets

Background: Previous studies have documented cardioprotective effects of circulating platelets after reperfusion injury. The present study was designed to examine the role of platelet number and the contribution of platelet-released mediators in the platelet superna tant in cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial dysfunction. Methods and Results: Isolated buffer-perfused (constant volume) Sprague-Dawley rat hearts were subjected to 25 minutes of global ischemia followed by 30 minutes of reperfu sion. Ischemia-reperfusion resulted in myocardial dysfunction, indicated by an increase in coronary perfusion pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and a decrease in de veloped left ventricular pressure. Perfusion of hearts with washed rat platelets (103-2.2 × 107 cells/mL) significantly (P < .01) attenuated these indices of myocardial dysfunction upon ischemia-reperfusion in a concentration-dependent manner. A cardioprotective effect of platelets was observed at a concentration as low as 105 platelets/mL. Similar cardioprotec tion was seen in hearts perfused with the supernatant of aggregated platelets. Conclusions: These observations indicate that the platelet-mediated cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion in vitro is concentration dependent, and platelet-released mediators in the platelet supernatant are protective against ischemia-reperfusion injury.