Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy Costs of Catfish Space Use as Determined by Biotelemetry

Animals use dispersed resources within their home range (HR) during regular day-to-day activities. The high-quality area intensively used by an individual, where critical resources are concentrated, has been designated as the core area (CA). This study aimed to describe how animals utilize energy in the HR and CA assuming that changes would occur according to the size of the used areas. We observed energetic costs of space use in the largest European freshwater predator catfish, Silurus glanis, using physiological sensors. Catfish consumed significantly more energy within the CA compared to the rest of the HR area. In addition, energetic costs of space use within a large area were lower. These results generally indicate that utilization of larger areas is related to less demanding activities, such as patrolling and searching for new resources and mates. In contrast, fish occurrence in small areas appears to be related to energetically demanding use of spatially limited resources.
Electro-thermal and logi-thermal simulation of VLSI designs

Due to severe thermal problems of today's VLSI integrated circuits the need for reliable and quick thermal, electro-thermal and logi-thermal simulation tools is increasing, In this paper, we discuss the latest advances in the SISSI package (simulator for integrated structures by simultaneous iteration) which is a tool developed originally for analog VLSI design. The improvements include electro-thermal ac and transient simulation and the consideration of the thermal voltage of Si-Al contacts. Furthermore, we introduce a new module of SISSI, LOGITHERM, which is aimed at the self-consistent logic and thermal simulation of large digital VLSI designs. The features of our simulator package are highlighted by simulation examples that are compared in most cases with measurement results.
Automatic Event Scheduling in Mobile Social Network Communities

Mobile social network (MoSoN) signifies an emerging area in the social computing research built on top of the mobile communications and wireless networking. It allows virtual community formation among like minded users to share data and to organize collaborative social activities at commonly agreed upon places and times. Such an activity scheduling in real-time is non-trivial as it requires tracing multiple users' profiles, preferences, and other spatio-temporal contexts, like location, and availability. Inherent conflicts among users regarding choices of places and time slots further complicates unanimous decision making. In this paper, we propose an autonomic system for activity scheduling in MoSoN communities. Our system allows flexible activity proposition while efficiently handling the user conflicts. As evident from our simulation and testbed results and analysis, our system can schedule multiple simultaneous activities in real-time while incurring low message and time cost.
Compliance Training in an Adult With Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type and Down Syndrome

The authors describe the treatment of noncompliance and public stripping in a 53-year-old man with Down syndrome and dementia. On the basis of a review of the relevant literature and a comprehensive functional behavioral analysis, an intervention procedure utilizing contingent reinforcement of compliance is conducted. Compliance with requests to allow assistance getting dressed is reinforced with a combination of verbal praise, physical contact, and edible reinforcers. Noncompliance decreases by 85.22% at follow-up. Factors responsible for intervention success and implications for clinicians are discussed.
Structured prediction for speaker identification in TV series

Though radio and TV broadcast are highly structured documents, state-of-the-art speaker identification algorithms do not take advantage of this information to improve prediction performance: speech turns are usually identified independently from each other, using unstructured multi-class classification approaches. In this work, we propose to address speaker identification as a sequence labeling task and use two structured prediction techniques to account for the inherent temporal structure of interactions between speakers: the first one relies on Conditional Random Field and can take into account local relations between two consecutive speech turns; the second one, based on the S EARN framework, sacrifices exact inference for the sake of the expressiveness of the model and is able to incorporate rich structure information during prediction. Experiments performed on The Big Bang Theory TV series show that structured prediction techniques bring significant improvements over the standard unstructured approach.
Hydrogen Sulfide in Paraventricular Nucleus Enhances Sympathetic Activity and Cardiac Sympathetic Afferent Reflex in Chronic Heart Failure Rats

Background Intracerebroventricular infusion of NaHS, a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, increased mean arterial pressure (MAP). This study was designed to determine the roles of H2S in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in modulating sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) in chronic heart failure (CHF). Methodology/Principal Findings CHF was induced by left descending coronary artery ligation in rats. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and MAP were recorded under anesthesia. CSAR was evaluated by the RSNA and MAP responses to epicardial application of capsaicin. PVN microinjection of low doses of a H2S donor, GYY4137 (0.01 and 0.1 nmol), had no significant effects on RSNA, MAP and CSAR. High doses of GYY4137 (1, 2 and 4 nmol) increased baseline RSNA, MAP and heart rate (HR), and enhanced CSAR. The effects were greater in CHF rats than sham-operated rats. A cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) inhibitor, hydroxylamine (HA) in PVN had no significant effect on the RSNA, MAP and CSAR. CBS activity and H2S level in the PVN were decreased in CHF rats. No significant difference in CBS level in PVN was found between sham-operated rats and CHF rats. Stimulation of cardiac sympathetic afferents with capsaicin decreased CBS activity and H2S level in the PVN in both sham-operated rats and CHF rats. Conclusions Exogenous H2S in PVN increases RSNA, MAP and HR, and enhances CSAR. The effects are greater in CHF rats than those in sham-operated rats. Endogenous H2S in PVN is not responsible for the sympathetic activation and enhanced CSAR in CHF rats.
The Ins and Outs of an Online Bipolar Education Program: A Study of Program Attrition

Background The science of eHealth interventions is rapidly evolving. However, despite positive outcomes, evaluations of eHealth applications have thus far failed to explain the high attrition rates that are associated with some eHealth programs. Patient adherence remains an issue, and the science of attrition is still in its infancy. To our knowledge, there has been no in-depth qualitative study aimed at identifying the reasons for nonadherence to—and attrition from— online interventions. Objective This paper explores the predictors of attrition and participant-reported reasons for nonadherence to an online psycho-education program for people newly diagnosed with a bipolar disorder. Methods As part of an ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating an online psycho-education program for people newly diagnosed with a bipolar disorder, we undertook an in-depth qualitative study to identify participants’ reasons for nonadherence to, and attrition from, the online intervention as well as a quantitative study investigating predictors of attrition. Within the RCT, 370 participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 active interventions or an attention control condition. Descriptive analyses and chi-square tests were used to explore the completion rates of 358 participants, and standard regression analysis was used to identify predictors of attrition. The data from interviews with a subsample of 39 participants who did not complete the online program were analyzed using “thematic analysis” to identify patterns in reported reasons for attrition. Results Overall, 26.5% of the sample did not complete their assigned intervention. Standard multiple regression analysis revealed that young age (P= .004), male gender (P= .001), and clinical recruitment setting (P= .001) were significant predictors of attrition (F7,330= 8.08, P< .001). Thematic analysis of interview data from the noncompleter subsample revealed that difficulties associated with the acute phases of bipolar disorder, not wanting to think about one’s illness, and program factors such as the information being too general and not personally tailored were the major reasons for nonadherence. Conclusions The dropout rate was equivalent to other Internet interventions and to face-to-face therapy. Findings from our qualitative study provide participant-reported reasons for discontinuing the online intervention, which, in conjunction with the quantitative investigations about predictors, add to understanding about Internet interventions. However, further research is needed to determine whether there are systematic differences between those who complete and those who do not complete eHealth interventions. Ultimately, this may lead to the identification of population subgroups that most benefit from eHealth interventions and to informing the development of strategies to improve adherence. Trial Registration ACTRN12608000411347; http://www.anzctr. org.au/ACTRN12608000411347.aspx (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/5uX4uYwVN)
INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW

Internal displacement caused by violent conflicts, systematic violations of human rights and other traumas is truly a global crisis, affecting an estimated 20 to 25 million people in over forty countries. Some five million internally displaced persons can be found in Asia. Although Asia is the continent with the smallest percentage of internally displaced persons in relation to the overall population, it is also the most heavily populated region and one with a great diversity of ethnic and religious identities—lines along which displacement tends to occur. Where problems of internal displacement do exist in Asia, they are severe.
Thermally, Photochemically and Electrically Switchable Reflection Colors From Self-Organized Chiral Bent-Core Liquid Crystals

We report the synthesis and characterization of two new chiral 1,3-phenylene based five ring bent-core mesogens that combine the unique electro-optic characteristics of banana-shaped molecules with chiroptic properties. Azobenzene moiety incorporated as a linking unit in one of the rigid arms renders trans–cis isomerization property to the molecules while chirality is introduced by tethering chiral aliphatic terminal chains. Both compounds can self-organize into helical superstructure, i.e. cholesteric mesophase, which can selectively reflect light. The novelty of the helical self-organized superstructure reported here lies in its low molecular weight single component molecular system that is truly multifunctional so that the reflection band is tunable by three different external stimuli, i.e. temperature, light and electric field. A red shift in reflection colors is obtained by changing the temperature on cooling and by UV irradiation while a blue shift is seen by electrical field application. Due to the high applicability of azobenzene-doped liquid crystalline systems, we also evaluated the efficiency of these chiral bent-core molecules as chiral transfer agents and found that they behave similar to rod-shaped dopants whose chirality is a consequence of the presence of one chiral center.
Mentors and School-Based Partnership: Ingredients for Professional Growth.

Abstract This study investigated the impact of a school-based teacher education partnership on the professional development of participating mentor teachers. Analysis of an initial survey administered to mentor teachers revealed 11 reoccurring responses which were organized into three broad categories. Teachers reported benefits in the categories of teaching styles, addressing student needs, and program influences. A follow-up survey asked mentors to what degree involvement in the partnership increased the behaviors/attitudes identified in the initial survey. A three-point rating scale enabled mentors to indicate the perceived degree of program impact on these benefits. Mean ratings ranged from 1.8–2.6, suggesting a fairly consistent impact of partnership involvement on mentor teachers. The overall mean rating for benefits was 2.2, indicating that mentor teachers experienced “some increase” (rating of 2) on all identified behaviors/attitudes. A mean rating of 2.6 made increased self reflection the highest.
An ILP-Based Routing Algorithm for Pin-Constrained EWOD Chips With Obstacle Avoidance

Electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) chips have become the most popular actuators, particularly for droplet-based digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) systems. In order to enable the electrical manipulations, wire routing is a key problem in designing EWOD chips. Unlike traditional very-large-scale-integration (VLSI) routing problems, in addition to routing-path establishment on signal pins, the pin-constrained EWOD-chip routing problem must address the issue of signal sharing for pin-count reduction under a practical constraint posed by a limited pin-count supply. Moreover, EWOD-chip designs might incur several obstacles in the routing region due to embedded devices for specific fluidic protocols. However, no existing work considers the EWOD-chip routing with obstacles and, therefore, lots of manual design efforts are involved. To remedy this insufficiency, we propose in this paper the first routing algorithm for pin-constrained EWOD chips with obstacle avoidance. The proposed algorithm, based on effective integer-linear-programming (ILP) formulation as well as efficient routing framework, can achieve high routability with a low design complexity. Experimental results based on real-life chips with obstacles demonstrate the high routability of proposed algorithm for pin-constrained EWOD chips with obstacle avoidance.
An Efficient Architecture for Dynamic Customization and Provisioning of Virtual Appliance in Cloud Environment

Cloud computing is a business model which provides an easier management of computing resources. Cloud users can request virtual machine and install additional softwares and configure them if needed. However, user can also request virtual appliance which provides a better solution to deploy application in much faster time, as it is ready-built image of operating system with necessary softwares installed and configured. Large numbers of virtual appliances are available in different image format. User can download available appliances from public marketplace and start using it. However, information published about the virtual appliance differs from each providers leading to the difficulty in choosing required virtual appliance as it is composed of specific OS with standard software version. However, even if user choses the appliance from respective providers, user doesn’t have any flexibility to choose their own set of softwares with required OS and application. In this paper, we propose a referenced architecture for dynamically customizing virtual appliance and provision them in an easier manner. We also add our experience in integrating our proposed architecture with public marketplace and Mi-Cloud, a cloud management software. Keywords—Cloud computing, marketplace, virtualization, virtual appliance.
Novel Image Processing Methods for the Analysis of Calcium Dynamics in Glial Cells

Calcium (Ca2+) waves and Ca2+ oscillations within cells initiate a wide range of physiological processes including control of cell signaling, gene expression, secretion, and cell migration. A thorough analysis of Ca2+ waves in glial cells provides information not only about the subcellular location of signaling processing events but also about nonneuronal or intercellular signaling pathways, their timing, routes, spatial domains, and coordination. In this study, three novel image processing methods have been applied to the study of Ca2+ dynamics in cells. These bring additional information to the methods already available in the literature, providing insight into the analysis of calcium dynamics in fluorescence recordings and defining bidimensional maps that give a complete and detailed description of calcium intracellular behavior. The application of these processing methods to glial cells highlighted the complex 2-D Ca2+ dynamics phenomena, the location of calcium uptake and release microdomains on the endoplasmic reticulum, and the correlation between different calcium signals inside the cell. A perinuclear zone acting as a filter and regulator of intracellular calcium waves was detected: it acts as a controller of calcium fluxes between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
Including migrant worker children in the learning and social context of the rural primary school

Many of the larger towns and cities within the UK have long experienced a cosmopolitan mix of cultures, resulting in ethnically and linguistically diverse schools. However, the wider expansion of the European Union in 2004 has brought about significant changes and challenges for many schools, particularly for those in more rural areas. This article arises out of a 3-year qualitative study (January 2008–December 2010), which focused on identifying the experiences of stake-holders (children and parents of Eastern European heritage and their teachers), where migrant children enter primary schools which have previously had limited exposure to cultural and linguistic diversity. Although many migrant children settle successfully and progress within the UK education system, much can be done in terms of educational policy and practice to ensure that these learners are appropriately supported. This article examines some of the factors impacting upon migrant children's learning and well-being, and offers guidance to practitioners as how to develop inclusive and individualised learning and social contexts for these learners.
Identifying the Relevance of Social Issues to a Target

Responding to social issues is very crucial because their impact can be significant to organizations or individuals. In this paper, we focus on proposing the method that identifies the personalized relevance of social issues to targets, such as individuals or organizations. To achieve this aim, we first collected trending social issues from Google Trends, microblog, and Internet news. Then, we obtained the well-structured document management system as a target domain that contains all activities regarding target objects. We applied the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency to obtain the personalized relevance weight of the social issue to a target.
On Use of Multiple Tests of Significance in Psychological Research

The evaluation of a series of statistical tests in psychological research is a common problem faced by many investigators. As the number of statistical tests increases, the probability of making a Type I error, i.e., of rejecting the null hypothesis when in fact it is true, increases as well. To help researchers evaluate their results, tables have been constructed which show the probability of obtaining k or more significant results due to chance in a series of K independent statistical tests. Recommendations are also given in order to avoid the problems of a Type I error.
On the Psychology of Religion: The Role of Personal Uncertainty in Religious Worldview Defense

In the present article, we examine the basic and applied aspects of the social psychology of religious worldview defense; that is, how people react in terms of negative affective reactions toward extremely antireligious statements that threaten their religious beliefs and/or may violate their views of how one should communicate about religious issues. An Internet study (N = 1,529) and a laboratory experiment (N = 151) provide evidence for the hypothesis that salience of personal uncertainty concerns may lead people to react with more negative affective reactions toward extremely negative statements about religion, particularly when people are inclined to think of personal uncertainty as an emotionally threatening experience and when they are strongly religious. Implications for the psychology of religion and the social psychology of uncertainty and worldview defense are discussed.
Pre‐sexual alcohol consumption and use of condoms—a European cross‐cultural study

This paper analyses patterns for pre‐sexual alcohol consumption and condom use from a cross European perspective. Research was conducted in France, Greece, Italy, Switzerland, Norway and Germany. Data were collected from representative population samples aged 18–49 years‐old. Surveys were conducted in 1997 and 1998. The percentage of the population who reported not having consumed any alcohol prior to intercourse was highest in Italy. In all countries, the percentage that claimed they had consumed some alcohol but were not intoxicated was fairly similar. The percentage of the population who claimed they were drunk at the occasion was highest in Norway. In all countries, alcohol use prior to intercourse was more likely to have taken place if the emotional involvement in the partner was low, and if the parties had met the same day. Controlling for selected covariates and explanatory variables, pre‐sexual alcohol consumption was related to condom use (albeit in different ways) in Italy, Germany and Norway. Light drinking prior to sex was associated with condom use in Italy, whereas drinking and intoxication increased the likelihood of not using condoms in Norway and Germany.
SQL injection attacks detection in adversarial environments by k-centers

SQL injection is one of common vulnerabilities in web applications. In SQL injection vulnerability, the database server is forced to execute malicious operations which may cause the data loss or corruption, denial of access, and unauthentic access to sensitive data by crafting specific inputs. Most of existing methods are based on encryption, syntax parse trees or semantic equivalence of the SQL statements. As no learning and adaption capabilities in these methods, they are not suitable for adversarial environments. A new method named k-centers (KC) is proposed to detect SQL injection attacks (SQLIAs) in this paper. The number and the centers of the clusters in KC are adjusted according to unseen SQL statements in the adversarial environment, in which the types of attacks are changed after a period of time, to adapt different kinds of attacks. The emperimental results show that the proposed method has a satisfying result on the SQLIAs detection in the adversarial environment.
WORDGRAPH: Keyword-in-Context Visualization for NETSPEAK's Wildcard Search

The WORDGRAPH helps writers in visually choosing phrases while writing a text. It checks for the commonness of phrases and allows for the retrieval of alternatives by means of wildcard queries. To support such queries, we implement a scalable retrieval engine, which returns high-quality results within milliseconds using a probabilistic retrieval strategy. The results are displayed as WORDGRAPH visualization or as a textual list. The graphical interface provides an effective means for interactive exploration of search results using filter techniques, query expansion, and navigation. Our observations indicate that, of three investigated retrieval tasks, the textual interface is sufficient for the phrase verification task, wherein both interfaces support context-sensitive word choice, and the WORDGRAPH best supports the exploration of a phrase's context or the underlying corpus. Our user study confirms these observations and shows that WORDGRAPH is generally the preferred interface over the textual result list for queries containing multiple wildcards.