Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Mandatory Arrest Policies, Police Organizational Characteristics, and Situational Variables on the Probability of Arrest in Domestic Violence Cases

Prior research into factors predicting arrest in domestic violence cases is limited in three regards: (a) no examination of whether mandatory arrest policies are associated with increased risk of arrest across multiple jurisdictions; (b) little consideration of whether police organizational characteristics influence arrest in such cases; and (c) little examination of whether mandatory arrest policies moderate the influence of extralegal characteristics on arrest risks. Using year 2000 data from the National Incident-Based Reporting System and the Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, a nonlinear hierarchical modeling procedure was employed to evaluate the predictive utility of situational and organizational factors associated with arrest probability in domestic violence cases. The results suggest that, in domestic violence cases, mandatory arrest policies predict arrest and modestly reduce the significance of race as a predictor of arrest. The results are interpreted as supporting a constrained rational model of policing.
Cancer Therapy : Preclinical Functional Genetic Approach Identi fi es MET , HER 3 , IGF 1 R , INSR Pathways as Determinants of Lapatinib Unresponsiveness in HER 2-Positive Gastric Cancer

Purpose: Targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy is currently considered as the standard treatment for HER2-positive (HER2þ) advanced gastric cancer. However, as seen in recent clinical trials, most of HER2þ gastric cancer are actually unresponsive to HER2-targeted agents, including lapatinib. The aim of this study is to identify the responsible receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) potentially conferring lapatinib unresponsiveness in HER2þ gastric cancer and elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying this RTKs-induced resistance. Experimental Design: A functional RNAi screen targeting human RTKs and related growth factors was used to identify candidate RTKs conferring lapatinib unresponsiveness in HER2þ gastric cancer cells. Independent siRNAs transfection and corresponding ligands supplement were performed to validate the effects of candidate RTKs on lapatinib sensitivity. Cross-talks of pathways involved were analyzed via Western blot analysis. Cell apoptosis and cellmotility were detected using FACS systemand Transwell assay. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze protein expression in clinical samples. Results:MET, HER3, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1R, and INSR were identified to mediate lapatinib unresponsiveness in HER2þ gastric cancer cells. Activation of these bypass RTKs attenuated lapatinibinduced apoptosis and suppression of cell motility, mechanistically because of restimulating the shared downstream AKT or ERK signaling, as well as restimulating WNT signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)–like process. Patients’ specimens revealed that these unresponsiveness-conferring RTKs were particularly enriched in the majority of patients with HER2þ gastric cancer. Conclusions: MET, HER3, IGF1R, and INSR pathways activation represent novel mechanism underlying lapatinib unresponsiveness in HER2þ gastric cancer. Combination strategy may be recommended in treating patients with HER2þ gastric cancer with these pathways activation. Clin Cancer Res; 20(17); 4559–73. 2014 AACR.
Convergence evaluation of variable step-size NLMS algorithm in adaptive channel equalization

The use of two simple and robust variable step-size approaches in the adaptation process of the Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithm (VSS-NLMS) in the adaptive channel equalization is investigated. The NLMS algorithm with a fixed step-size (FSS-NLMS) usually results in a trade-off between the residual error and the convergence speed of the algorithm. It is proved by computer simulation that the VSS-NLMS algorithms presented here eliminate much of this trade-off. In this paper the Mean-Square Error (MSE) performance of using the VSS-NLMS algorithms in the adaptation process of adaptive channel equalization is investigated. The step-size variation makes it possible for the VSS-NLMS algorithm to converge faster and to a lower steady state error than in the FSS-NLMS case.
An Innovation in Palm Vein Authentication for Biometric Privacy Preservation

In real-time security applications, the image processing, and computer vision plays a major part in determining the whole operation. The main advantages of biometric privacy are, to keep the information safe and secure, and access the information from anywhere at any time. In some traditional cases, the security systems are processed by passwords, personal identification numbers, and identification cards. In these cases, several problems occur due to the card was stolen and password hacking. Hence, to avoid such limitations it is necessary to implement the digital biometric data units in terms of face, iris, palm, fingerprints and voice. Among these data, the palm is considered in this work to explore the possibility of cryptography. Initially, the palm images are selected and stored in the database to cross-check the identity of private images which is considered as input, then the enrollment is made by comparing the public host images. The image is authenticated with the help of database with images. Finally, the decision is taken by matching the originally targeted palm image.
The Relation of Paddy Rice Canopy Spectrum Reflectivity and the Leaf Moisture Content in the Different Nitrogen Condition

The paddy rice canopy spectrum at a critical growth period is obtained by the use of ASD spectrometer. The relationship of leaf water ratio and canopy spectrum reflectivity in the different nitrogen condition is analyzed. The results showed that the relevance of the paddy rice canopy spectrum reflectivity and the leaf moisture content is less under the environment of lack of nitrogen. The correlation of canopy spectrum reflectivity of waveband between 736nm and 1350nm and leaf moisture content is up to above 0.7 under the environment of right nitrogen amount. The correlation of canopy spectrum reflectivity of waveband between 730nm and 1300nm and leaf moisture content is above 0.5 under the environment of excessive nitrogen. The sensitive bands corresponding to paddy rice moisture content are selected, and the ratio vegetation indexes of different growth stages are analyzed. We can find that, at the heading stage, the relevance of R1000/R740 ratio and the moisture content of leaves is best without the influence of nitrogen fertilizer processing. A regression model is set up and the correlation coefficient reached 0.89, and the standard error is 0.0197.
The Path of Professionalism: Cultivating Humanistic Values and Attitudes in Residency Training

Though few question the importance of incorporating professionalism and humanism in the training of physicians, traditional residency programs have given little direct attention to the processes by which professional and humanistic values, attitudes, and behaviors are cultivated. The authors discuss the underlying philosophy of their primary care internal medicine residency program, in which the development of professionalism and humanism is an explicit educational goal. They also describe the specific components of the program designed to create a learner-centered environment that supports the acquisition of professional values; these components include a communication-skills training program, challenging-case conferences, home visits with patients, a resident support group, and a mentoring program. The successful ten-year history of the program shows how a residency program can enable its trainees to develop not only the requisite excellent diagnostic and technical tools and skills but also the humane and professional attributes of the fully competent physician.
DOES FAMILY BACKGROUND MATTER FOR LEARNING IN EAST AFRICA?

ABSTRACT The extent to which differences in family background characteristics explain differences in learning outcomes between children captures the extent of equality in educational opportunities. This study uses large-scale data on literacy and numeracy outcomes for children of school age across East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda) to investigate the contribution of family background to learning differences. We find that learning differences between children from less-advantaged households and those from more-advantaged households equals around one year or more of effective learning on average. Even so, family background does not fully explain why children of school starting age display large differences in learning between countries.
Minimizing the Problems of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation for Small to Medium Cigarette Company Through Framework for Applications of Systems Thinking (FAST)

This research is aimed to study the possibilities of implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) within Small to medium enterprises especially Cigarette Company through analysis, design systems and implementing phase. Since ERP system shows its power, lots of large company tried to implement ERP system within the company. In 2000, more than 60% of fortune 1000 companies were considering or had already implement at least one core of ERP module, even though it need huge capital to be invested. Lower scale of companies could not afford to implement the ERP system. The emerging Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) drove companies to more tight competition that force the companies to create more effective and efficient business process. Some of the companies tried to implement ERP systems through in-house development system. But they have to face failure since there are obstacles faced by the company such as less experience on developing systems. To fulfill the demand of ERP system, many vendors offer ready-to-use system for SME which sold in more affordable price or even free such as open source systems. The ready-to-use systems are quite easy to implement. Anyhow, problems might occur on the implementation process. FAST which stands for Framework for Application of Systems Thinking might help the company to reduce the problems that might occur on the implementation process since it has several steps as the problems filter.
Bounds on the mixing time and partial cover of ad-hoc and sensor networks

In [Avin, C et al., (2004)], the authors proposed the partial cover of a random walk on a broadcast network to be used to gather information and supported their proposal with experimental results. In this paper, we demonstrate analytically that for sufficiently large broadcast radius r, the partial cover of a random walk on a random broadcast network is in fact efficient and generates a good distribution of the visited nodes. Our result is based on bounding the conductance, which intuitively measures the amount of bottlenecks in a graph. We show that the conductance of a random broadcast network in a unit square is /spl otimes/(r) with high probability, and this bound allows us to analyze properties of the random walk such as mixing time and load balancing. We find that for the random walk to be both efficient and have a high quality cover and partial cover (i.e. rapid mixing), radius at least r/sub rapid/ = /spl otimes/(1/poly (log n)) is sufficient and necessary. Experimental results on the random geometric graphs, namely graphs that represent broadcast networks, that resemble the conductance of the 3-dimensional grid indicate that the analytical bounds on efficiency, namely cover time and partial cover time, are not tight. In particular, r = /spl otimes/(1/n/sup 1/3/) is sufficient radius to obtain optimal cover time and partial cover time.
Plasticity : A Synaptic Modification Simulation Environment

We present a simulation environment, Plasticity, which allows the user to perform a wide variety of simulations of rate-based neural networks. The package focuses on, but is not limited to, simulations of visual neurons and allows one to compare on equal footing many of the most common learning rules. This includes variants of Hebbian learning(Linsker, 1986; MacKay and Miller, 1994; Erwin and Miller, 1998), BCM(Bienenstock et al., 1982; Intrator and Cooper, 1992; Blais et al., 1999), and ICA(Hyvarinen and Oja, 1997; Blais et al., 1998). The goal of this package is consistent with the philosophy of reproducible research: providing a complete package which can fully reproduce any results or figures in publications. (Schwab et al., 2000). One aspect of this package which makes it different than other neural network packages is that it allows the user to explore environments from simplified low dimensional vectors(Clothiaux et al., 1991), to high dimensional correlation-based environments(Erwin and Miller, 1998) to natural images(Blais et al., 1998). The package is currently being extended to include spike-based learning.
Structural Basis for the Specific Recognition of RhoA by the Dual GTPase-activating Protein ARAP3*

ARAP3 (Arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat, and PH domain-containing protein 3) is unique for its dual specificity GAPs (GTPase-activating protein) activity for Arf6 (ADP-ribosylation factor 6) and RhoA (Ras homolog gene family member A) regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and a small GTPase Rap1-GTP and is involved in regulation of cell shape and adhesion. However, the molecular interface between the ARAP3-RhoGAP domain and RhoA is unknown, as is the substrates specificity of the RhoGAP domain. In this study, we solved the crystal structure of RhoA in complex with the RhoGAP domain of ARAP3. The structure of the complex presented a clear interface between the RhoGAP domain and RhoA. By analyzing the crystal structure and in combination with in vitro GTPase activity assays and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments, we identified the crucial residues affecting RhoGAP activity and substrates specificity among RhoA, Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1), and Cdc42 (cell division control protein 42 homolog).
The possible role of intuition in the child's epistemic beliefs in the Piagetian data set

JOHN BICKART. The possible role of intuition in the child's epistemic beliefs in the Piagetian data set (Under the direction of DR. CHARLES HUTCHISON) U.S. schools teach predominately to the analytical, left-brain, which has foundations in behaviorism, and uses a mechanistic paradigm that influences epistemic beliefs of how learning takes place. This result is that learning is impeded. Using discourse analysis of a set of Piagetian children, this study re-analyzed Piaget’s work. This study found that, although the participating children answered from both an intuitive and an analytical perspective, Piaget's analysis of the interviews ignored the value in the intuitive, right-brain answers; Piaget essentially stated that the children were only doing valuable thinking when they were analytical and logical. Using other comparable reanalysis as the yardstick, this study extended Piaget's original interpretations. Implications for teaching and learning are also described. This study also extends a call for research into a pedagogical balance between analytic and intuitive teaching.
Seasonality in the sudden infant death syndrome

The authors examine seasonality and age factors in deaths attributed to sudden infant death syndrome in France. "The highest risk occurs during the third month of life especially when this age is reached in winter.The consequence is a very large disproportion in the frequency.among children born in spring compared with those born in autumn. This disproportion affects the overall infant mortality rate because the frequency of other causes nowadays rarely depends on the month of the childs birth. " (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA) (EXCERPT)
Cognitive Concepts of Craving

Traditional models of craving have been based primarily on the concept of classical conditioning. In recent years, however, researchers increasingly have introduced cognitive concepts, such as memory, expectancies, interpretation, and automatic behavior, into their conceptualizations of craving. These efforts have culminated in the development of four cognitive models of craving: cognitive labeling, outcome expectancy, dual-affect, and cognitive processing. The cognitive processing model posits that although many alcohol use behaviors have become automatized processes in the course of an alcoholic’s drinking career, craving is a nonautomatic process that requires mental effort and is limited by a person’s cognitive capacity. This model also implies that alcohol use and alcohol-seeking behavior can occur in the absence of craving. In addition to introducing various new concepts and models into craving research, the cognitive sciences also offer well-established methodologies for testing these models and analyzing craving processes.
High Data Rate RFID Tag/Reader Architecture Using Wireless Voltage Regulation

This paper discusses a novel tag/reader system, based on the passive, far-field RFID principle, with megabits per second read capability at operating ranges of several centimeters. The system operates in the ISM band at 2.45 GHz. A maximum data rate of 4 Mbps was demonstrated, at a tag/reader distance of 5.5 cm. The tag is entirely realized in a standard CMOS process for minimum costs. The described system also uses wireless voltage regulation, an innovative technique that allows to improve the overall efficiency of wireless power transmission and to save power on reader side. According to the measurement results, it is shown that the efficiency was improved by a factor larger than four in the best case.
Fabrication and characterization of an inorganic gold and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery system for nitric oxide

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in inhibiting the development of hepatic fibrosis and its ensuing complication of portal hypertension by inhibiting human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Here we have developed a gold nanoparticle and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery system containing NO donors, which could be used for potential therapeutic application in chronic liver disease. The gold nanoconjugates were characterized using several physico-chemical techniques such as UV–visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Silica nanoconjugates were synthesized and characterized as reported previously. NO released from gold and silica nanoconjugates was quantified under physiological conditions (pH = 7.4 at 37 °C) for a substantial period of time. HSC proliferation and the vascular tube formation ability, manifestations of their activation, were significantly attenuated by the NO released from these nanoconjugates. This study indicates that gold and silica nanoparticle mediated drug delivery systems for introducing NO could be used as a strategy for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis or chronic liver diseases, by limiting HSC activation.
Organizational Individualism and Collectivism: Theoretical Development and an Empirical Test of a Measure

An empirical test of the organizational individualism and collectivism constructs and measures was conducted using survey responses from 916 employees from 46 Turkish organizations. Analyses indicated that fit between individuals’ values and perceptions of the organizational culture predicted job attitudes, and that organizational individualism was related to the use of individualistic human resources practices at the organizational level. The utility of this approach for understanding the relationships between individuals, organizations, and societies is discussed.
Identification of Glucosyltransferase Genes Involved in Sinapate Metabolism and Lignin Synthesis in Arabidopsis *

Sinapic acid is a major phenylpropanoid in Brassicaceae providing intermediates in two distinct metabolic pathways leading to sinapoyl esters and lignin synthesis. Glucosyltransferases play key roles in the formation of these intermediates, either through the production of the high energy compound 1-O-sinapoylglucose leading to sinapoylmalate and sinapoylcholine or through the production of sinapyl alcohol-4-O-glucoside, potentially leading to the syringyl units found in lignins. While the importance of these glucosyltransferases has been recognized for more than 20 years, their corresponding genes have not been identified. Combining sequence information in the Arabidopsis genomic data base with biochemical data from screening the activity of recombinant proteinsin vitro, we have now identified five gene sequences encoding enzymes that can glucosylate sinapic acid, sinapyl alcohol, and their related phenylpropanoids. The data provide a foundation for future understanding and manipulation of sinapate metabolism and lignin biology in Arabidopsis.
Distributed Video Coding with Dynamic Virtual Channel Model Estimation

Distributed video coding (DVC) is a new video coding paradigm, based on Slepian&Wolf's and Wyner&Ziv's information theories. A practical case of DVC is Wyner-Ziv codec based on turbo code. One of the most significant works in Wyner-Ziv codec is the estimation of virtual channel model between the side information and the original frame. Better estimation leads to better coding efficiency of DVC. In this paper, the dynamic property of the virtual channel model is discussed in different levels of granularity. A new dynamic virtual channel model estimation algorithm in decoder is proposed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm leads to significant improvement in the rate-distortion performance of DVC.
Out of the Golden Cage: PR and the Career Opportunities of Policy Professionals

This article focuses on “policy professionals”—people employed to affect politics and policy making rather than elected to office, and their career motivations and considerations. What do they see as career opportunities and limitations? What resources do policy professionals offer on the job market? How are status and hierarchy on their particular labor market perceived? Special attention is paid to the possible transitions from current job into other positions and arenas. The study pinpoints the “golden cage” problem: the problem for organizations positioned outside party politics to properly evaluate the distinct skills of policy professionals. The key position of the public relations agencies in this regard is highlighted. The article closes with a discussion of some democratic implications of the arguments and findings, such as anticipatory adjustment of behavior in public office, the potential merging of political elites, and the supply driven growth of the policy professional stratum. Related Articles French, Edward, and Doug Goodman. 2011. “Local Government Human Resource Management Past, Present, and Future: Revisiting Hays and Kearney's Anticipated Changes a Decade Later. ” Politics & Policy 39 (5): 761-785. http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011. 00312.x/abstract Howlett, Michael, and Adam M. Wellstead. 2011. “Policy Analysts in the Bureaucracy Revisited: The Nature of Professional Policy Work in Contemporary Government. ” Politics & Policy 39 (4): 613-633. http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011. 00306.x/abstract Brill, Sam, and Abby McCartney. 2008. “Stopping the Revolving Door: Increasing Teacher Retention. ” Politics & Policy 36 (5): 750-774. http://onlinelibrary.wiley. com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008. 00133.x/abstract