Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Network Monitor System Model with Performance Feedback Function

Network monitor system generally adopts packets interception, protocol analysis, address filter, and address cheat etc. to achieve its functions. These methods need extra time in the process of normal data transmission, which could affect the network performance especially under the condition of busy network and the low performance of the monitor server. The users will not accept the drawback that reinforcing monitor system of the network is sure to have a great impact on the network performance. Therefore, the author puts forward a monitor model with performance feedback function, which could evaluate the performance of the network, and meanwhile, feed back the performance parameters to the monitor system. According to the performance parameter, the monitor system adjusts monitor schemes to reduce the impact on the network so as to maintain the network performance in such a level that the users can accept.
Composition Vector Method for Phylogenetics — A Review

The composition vector (CV) method is an alignment-free method for phylogenetics. Because of its simplicity when compared with the alignment-based methods, the method has been widely discussed lately. There are mainly four steps in the CV method: (1) count the frequency of each k-string in the sequence; (2) construct the composition vector for the sequence; (3) compute the distance between every two composition vectors to form a distance matrix; and (4) construct the phylogenetic tree. In this paper, we review several developments of the CV method respectively.
Revisiting the EKF concept for low speed sensorless control of cage induction motors

The use of the EKF for induction machine sensorless control is revisited with focus on the improvement of the method for low speed operation. An appropriate discretization method is discussed, the converter non-linearities are compensated for and the observer includes stator resistance estimation. Sensorless speed closed loop experimental results show stable operation down to standstill in motoring and stable transition through zero frequency in any mode of operation. Limitations are observed for permanent operation near or at zero frequency in regenerative operation, consistent with well known theoretical limitations.
Clustering for Different Scales of Measurement - the Gap-Ratio Weighted K-means Algorithm

This paper describes a method for clustering data that are spread out over large regions and which dimensions are on different scales of measurement. Such an algorithm was developed to implement a robotics application consisting in sorting and storing objects in an unsupervised way. The toy dataset used to validate such application consists of Lego bricks of different shapes and colors. The uncontrolled lighting conditions together with the use of RGB color features, respectively involve data with a large spread and different levels of measurement between data dimensions. To overcome the combination of these two characteristics in the data, we have developed a new weighted K-means algorithm, called gap-ratio K-means, which consists in weighting each dimension of the feature space before running the K-means algorithm. The weight associated with a feature is proportional to the ratio of the biggest gap between two consecutive data points, and the average of all the other gaps. This method is compared with two other variants of K-means on the Lego bricks clustering problem as well as two other common classification datasets.
Vitacode: Electrocardiogram representation for biometric cryptography in body area networks

This paper proposes a new representation of electrocardiogram (ECG) for biometric key distribution in body area networks, and investigates the experimental performance for ECG representations with various features in different modalities and different distance metrics. Other than the previous schemes using binary sequence, the proposed VitaCode represents the ECG features in a set with integer elements, which can be combined with the fuzzy biometric cryptography more effectively. Experimental results on the public domain PhysioBank database with 290 subjects show VitaCode can provide a more practical biometric representation basic for ECG-based secure communications in the promising body area healthcare networks.
Parkinson's disease mutations in PINK1 result in decreased Complex I activity and deficient synaptic function

Mutations of the mitochondrial PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue)‐induced kinase1 (PINK1) are important causes of recessive Parkinson disease (PD). Studies on loss of function and overexpression implicate PINK1 in apoptosis, abnormal mitochondrial morphology, impaired dopamine release and motor deficits. However, the fundamental mechanism underlying these various phenotypes remains to be clarified. Using fruit fly and mouse models we show that PINK1 deficiency or clinical mutations impact on the function of Complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, resulting in mitochondrial depolarization and increased sensitivity to apoptotic stress in mammalian cells and tissues. In Drosophila neurons, PINK1 deficiency affects synaptic function, as the reserve pool of synaptic vesicles is not mobilized during rapid stimulation. The fundamental importance of PINK1 for energy maintenance under increased demand is further corroborated as this deficit can be rescued by adding ATP to the synapse. The clinical relevance of our observations is demonstrated by the fact that human wild type PINK1, but not PINK1 containing clinical mutations, can rescue Complex 1 deficiency. Our work suggests that Complex I deficiency underlies, at least partially, the pathogenesis of this hereditary form of PD. As Complex I dysfunction is also implicated in sporadic PD, a convergence of genetic and environmental causes of PD on a similar mitochondrial molecular mechanism appears to emerge.
Integrality Gaps for Strong SDP Relaxations of U G

With the work of Khot and Vishnoi [18] as a starting point, we obtain integrality gaps for certain strong SDP relaxations of U G. Specifically, we exhibit a U G gap instance for the basic semidefinite program strengthened by all valid linear inequalities on the inner products of up to exp(Ω(log log n)1/4) vectors. For a stronger relaxation obtained from the basic semidefinite program by R rounds of Sherali–Adams liftand-project, we prove a U G integrality gap for R = Ω(log log n)1/4. By composing these SDP gaps with UGC-hardness reductions, the above results imply corresponding integrality gaps for every problem for which a UGC-based hardness is known. Consequently, this work implies that including any valid constraints on up to exp(Ω(log log n)1/4) vectors to natural semidefinite program, does not improve the approximation ratio for any problem in the following classes: constraint satisfaction problems, ordering constraint satisfaction problems and metric labeling problems over constant-size metrics. We obtain similar SDP integrality gaps for B S, building on [11]. We also exhibit, for explicit constants γ, δ > 0, an n-point negative-type metric which requires distortion Ω(log log n) to embed into `1, although all its subsets of size exp(Ω(log log n)) embed isometrically into `1. Keywords-semidefinite programming, approximation algorithms, unique games conjecture, hardness of approximation, SDP hierarchies, Sherali–Adams hierarchy, integrality gap construction
Design of Low Power Carry Look-Ahead Adder Using Single Phase Clocked Quasi-Static Adiabatic Logic

Efficiency of adiabatic circuits is determined by the adiabatic and non-adiabatic losses incurred by them during the charging and recovery operations. Lesser be the losses more energy efficient would be the circuit. In this paper, a new approach i.e., Complementary Energy Path Adiabatic Logic (CEPAL), is presented to minimize power dissipation in quasi static energy recovery logic (QSERL). It optimizes circuit, by avoiding non-adiabatic losses completely by replacing the diodes with MOSFETs. MOSFET gates are controlled by power clocks and this is implemented in Carry Look-Ahead Adder structure. Firstly, the performance attributes of CEPAL Carry Look-Ahead Adder are compared against the conventional static CMOS logic counterpart to identify its adiabatic power advantage. The analyses are carried out using the industry standard Tanner EDA design environment using 250nm technology libraries. The results prove that CEPAL adiabatic Carry LookAhead Adder results in 56.05% of power savings over static CMOS.
What causes wing wear in foraging bumble bees?

SUMMARY Flying is an ecologically important behaviour in many insects, but it often results in permanent wing damage. Although wing wear in insects is often used as a method to determine insect age, and is associated with an increased risk of mortality, the causes of wing wear are unresolved. In this paper, we examine whether wing use while foraging explains wing wear in bumble bees (Bombus spp.). Wing wear may result from three distinct flight characteristics during foraging: time spent in flight, flight frequency and frequency of wing collisions with vegetation. To test these hypotheses for causes of wing wear, we recorded digital video of individually marked bumble bees foraging in nature on 12 different plant species that result in variation in these flight characteristics, and recaptured these individuals to photograph their wings over time. Bumble bees with a higher frequency of wing collisions showed an increased loss of wing area, which became more severe over time. Neither time in flight nor flight frequency was uniquely and significantly associated with wing wear. Therefore, the collision frequency hypothesis best explained wing wear in bumble bees. We conclude that wing use during foraging in bumble bees results in wing wear. Wing wear reflects behaviour, not simply age. Because wing wear has elsewhere been shown to increase mortality, this study provides an important mechanism linking foraging behaviour with lifespan.
Chapter 3. Neurolinguistic view into narrative processing

The chapter addresses the crucial question of what narrativity is all about from a neurolinguistic perspective. The argument outlined derives from a clinical investigation of patients with executive dysfunctions which have delayed abilities in planning actions, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Linked with that, they often show a lack of coherence in the processing of narrative texts. In this respect, the neurolinguistic investigation of the patients’ comprehension and production of core propositions and inferences in narratives allows for insights in the cognitive prerequisites of narrativity. The results provide strong evidence that the communicative impairments reflect a specific deficit in verbal planning at the interface between linguistic and cognitive processing. This supports the claim that sequentiality, which is considered to be the core principle in many linguistic definitions of narrativity, is clearly not a sufficient criterion to characterize the basic principles of narrativity. Instead, it has been shown that it is the ability of perspectivization and macro-structural planning that should be seen as one of the major neurolinguistic preconditions for processing coherent narrative structures.
New method for threshold voltage extraction of high-voltage MOSFETs based on gate-to-drain capacitance measurement

This letter reports on the extraction of the threshold voltage of laterally diffused MOS transistors. A clear analysis of the device physics is performed, highlighting the correlation between the change of the electron charge distribution along the channel and the device capacitance variations when the gate voltage is swept. Using numerical simulations, it is shown that the peak of the gate-to-drain capacitance is related to the transition of the surface from weak to moderate inversion in the intrinsic MOS transistor at the location of the maximum doping concentration, which corresponds to the threshold voltage of the device according to the MOS theory. Comparison between conventional I/sub D///spl radic/g/sub m/ extraction and the new proposed capacitance peak method is performed on both technology computer-aided design simulations and measurements in order to confirm the new experimental technique and related theory.
Improved Visualization of Intracranial Vessels with Intraoperative Coregistration of Rotational Digital Subtraction Angiography and Intraoperative 3D Ultrasound

Introduction Ultrasound can visualize and update the vessel status in real time during cerebral vascular surgery. We studied the depiction of parent vessels and aneurysms with a high-resolution 3D intraoperative ultrasound imaging system during aneurysm clipping using rotational digital subtraction angiography as a reference. Methods We analyzed 3D intraoperative ultrasound in 39 patients with cerebral aneurysms to visualize the aneurysm intraoperatively and the nearby vascular tree before and after clipping. Simultaneous coregistration of preoperative subtraction angiography data with 3D intraoperative ultrasound was performed to verify the anatomical assignment. Results Intraoperative ultrasound detected 35 of 43 aneurysms (81%) in 39 patients. Thirty-nine intraoperative ultrasound measurements were matched with rotational digital subtraction angiography and were successfully reconstructed during the procedure. In 7 patients, the aneurysm was partially visualized by 3D-ioUS or was not in field of view. Post-clipping intraoperative ultrasound was obtained in 26 and successfully reconstructed in 18 patients (69%) despite clip related artefacts. The overlap between 3D-ioUS aneurysm volume and preoperative rDSA aneurysm volume resulted in a mean accuracy of 0.71 (Dice coefficient). Conclusions Intraoperative coregistration of 3D intraoperative ultrasound data with preoperative rotational digital subtraction angiography is possible with high accuracy. It allows the immediate visualization of vessels beyond the microscopic field, as well as parallel assessment of blood velocity, aneurysm and vascular tree configuration. Although spatial resolution is lower than for standard angiography, the method provides an excellent vascular overview, advantageous interpretation of 3D-ioUS and immediate intraoperative feedback of the vascular status. A prerequisite for understanding vascular intraoperative ultrasound is image quality and a successful match with preoperative rotational digital subtraction angiography.
Health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) before and after orthopedic surgery

Background and purpose Population data on mortality and life expectancy are generally available for most countries. However, no longitudinal data based on the health-related quality of life outcome from the EQ-5D instrument have been reported for orthopedic patients. We assessed the effect of orthopedic surgery as measured by EQ-5D. Methods We analyzed EQ-5D data from 2,444 patients who were operated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Karolinska University Hospital, 2001–2005. We also made a comparison between results from this cohort and those from a Swedish EQ-5D population survey. Results The mean EQ-5D index score improved from 0.54 to 0.72. Hip and knee arthroplasty, operations related to previous surgery, trauma-related procedures, and rheumatoid arthritis surgeries had preoperative EQ-5D index scores of 0.48 to 0.52. All of these groups showed substantial improvement in scores (0.63 to 0.80). Patients with tumors or diseases of the elbow/hand showed higher preoperative scores (0.66 to 0.77), which were similar postoperatively. In most patients, the EQ-5D index score improved but did not reach the level reported for an age- and sex-matched population sample (mean difference = 0.11). Interpretation Our results can be used as part of the preoperative patient information to increase the level of patient awareness and cooperation, and to facilitate rehabilitation. In future it will be possible—but not easy—to use the EQ-5D instrument as a complementary consideration in clinical priority assessment.
Fault diagnosis for sensors and components of aero-engine based on grey analysis

Considering the problem of fault diagnosis for sensors and gas-path component in aero-engine, the calculation method of Deng's grey analysis is introduced to design sensors and components fault detection and isolation system. The typical engine failure mode data of the normal condition is obtained by interpolation in the system. Establish the failure standard sequence which is used to grey analysis with the test sequence, then the fault type and fault location is determined based on the maximum correlation principle of grey analysis. The simulation in different rotation angle of turbo-shaft engine shows that the method can improve the efficiency of fault diagnosis and isolation.
Effective supergravity actions for flop transitions

We construct a family of five-dimensional gauged supergravity actions which describe flop transitions of M-theory compactified on Calabi-Yau threefolds. While the vector multiplet sector can be treated exactly, we use the Wolf spaces X(1+N) = U(1+N,2)/(U(1+N) × U(2)) to model the universal hypermultiplet together with N charged hypermultiplets corresponding to winding states of the M2-brane. The metric, the Killing vectors and the moment maps of these spaces are obtained explicitly by using the superconformal quotient construction of quaternion-Kahler manifolds. The inclusion of the extra hypermultiplets gives rise to a non-trivial scalar potential which is uniquely fixed by M-theory physics.
The Impact of Climatic Risk Factors on the Prevalence, Distribution, and Severity of Acute and Chronic Trachoma

Background and Objectives Trachoma is the most common cause of infectious blindness. Hot, dry climates, dust and water scarcity are thought to be associated with the distribution of trachoma but the evidence is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological evidence regarding the extent to which climatic factors explain the current prevalence, distribution, and severity of acute and chronic trachoma. Understanding the present relationship between climate and trachoma could help inform current and future disease elimination. Methods A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to identify observational studies which quantified an association between climate factors and acute or chronic trachoma and which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies that assessed the association between climate types and trachoma prevalence were also reviewed. Results Only eight of the 1751 papers retrieved met the inclusion criteria, all undertaken in Africa. Several papers reported an association between trachoma prevalence and altitude in highly endemic areas, providing some evidence of a role for temperature in the transmission of acute disease. A robust mapping study found strong evidence of an association between low rainfall and active trachoma. There is also consistent but weak evidence that the prevalence of trachoma is higher in savannah-type ecological zones. There were no studies on the effect of climate in low endemic areas, nor on the effect of dust on trachoma. Conclusion Current evidence on the potential role of climate on trachoma distribution is limited, despite a wealth of anecdotal evidence. Temperature and rainfall appear to play a role in the transmission of acute trachoma, possibly mediated through reduced activity of flies at lower temperatures. Further research is needed on climate and other environmental and behavioural factors, particularly in arid and savannah areas. Many studies did not adequately control for socioeconomic or environmental confounders.
False Alarm Reduction in BSN-Based Cardiac Monitoring Using Signal Quality and Activity Type Information

False alarms in cardiac monitoring affect the quality of medical care, impacting on both patients and healthcare providers. In continuous cardiac monitoring using wireless Body Sensor Networks (BSNs), the quality of ECG signals can be deteriorated owing to several factors, e.g., noises, low battery power, and network transmission problems, often resulting in high false alarm rates. In addition, body movements occurring from activities of daily living (ADLs) can also create false alarms. This paper presents a two-phase framework for false arrhythmia alarm reduction in continuous cardiac monitoring, using signals from an ECG sensor and a 3D accelerometer. In the first phase, classification models constructed using machine learning algorithms are used for labeling input signals. ECG signals are labeled with heartbeat types and signal quality levels, while 3D acceleration signals are labeled with ADL types. In the second phase, a rule-based expert system is used for combining classification results in order to determine whether arrhythmia alarms should be accepted or suppressed. The proposed framework was validated on datasets acquired using BSNs and the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. For the BSN dataset, acceleration and ECG signals were collected from 10 young and 10 elderly subjects while they were performing ADLs. The framework reduced the false alarm rate from 9.58% to 1.43% in our experimental study, showing that it can potentially assist physicians in diagnosing a vast amount of data acquired from wireless sensors and enhance the performance of continuous cardiac monitoring.
FPGA implementation of blind adaptive decision feedback equalizer

This paper considers field programmable gate array (FPGA) implementations for blind adaptive decision feedback equalizer (DFE) based on the IP core reported in [1]. The design can achieve channel equalization for 16-QAM and 64-QAM. Constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and multi-modulus algorithm (MMA) are considered for update the coefficients in the blind mode of operation which are followed by decision-directed (DD) mode. The system can work at a maximum clock frequency of 22 MHz. The design steps first consider fixed-point simulations using MATLAB fixed-point toolbox follows by FPGA implementations. The implementations are divided into complex weight update module, output computation module, error adjustment module, and decision device module. Finally, the DFE is implemented using Xilinx Virtex-II XC2VP100 FPGA.
Flexitarian Diets and Health: A Review of the Evidence-Based Literature

A flexitarian or semi-vegetarian diet (SVD) is one that is primarily vegetarian with the occasional inclusion of meat or fish. Of late, there appears to be an increasing movement toward this practice. There has not been a recent update on these diets from a health perspective. Using the National Centre for Biotechnology Information PubMed database, a search was made for all studies published between 2000 and 2016 that met defined inclusion criteria. A total of 25 studies were located with 12 focusing on body weight and diet quality. There was emerging evidence suggestive of benefits for body weight, improved markers of metabolic health, blood pressure, and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. SVD may also have a role to play in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as Crohn’s disease. Given that there is a higher tendency for females to be flexitarian yet males are more likely to overconsume meat, there is a clear need to communicate the potential health benefits of these diets to males.