Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating test cases from UML activity diagram based on Gray-box method

Test case generation is the most important part of the testing efforts, the automation of specification based test case generation needs formal or semi-formal specifications. As a semi-formal modelling language, UML is widely used to describe analysis and design specifications by both academia and industry, thus UML models become the sources of test generation naturally. Test cases are usually generated from the requirement or the code while the design is seldom concerned, this paper proposes an approach to generate test cases directly from UML activity diagram using Gray-box method, where the design is reused to avoid the cost of test model creation. In this approach, test scenarios are directly derived from the activity diagram modelling an operation. Then all the information for test case generation, i.e. input/output sequence and parameters, the constraint conditions and expected object method sequence, is extracted from each test scenario. At last, the possible values of all the input/output parameters could be generated by applying category-partition method, and test suite could be systematically generated to find the inconsistency between the implementation and the design. A prototype tool named UMLTGF has been developed to support the above process.
Trends in Diabetes Prevalence and Diabetes-Related Complications in Older Mexican Americans From 1993–1994 to 2004–2005

OBJECTIVE Evidence has shown that Mexican Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes and a greater risk for diabetes-related complications than non-Hispanic whites. However, no studies have described the changes in prevalence among older Mexican Americans. The purpose of this study was to expand on the current literature by examining the trends in diabetes prevalence and diabetes-related complications in Mexican Americans aged ≥75 years from 1993–1994 to 2004–2005. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The prevalences of self-reported diabetes and diabetes-related complications were estimated in the original cohort (1993–1994) and the new cohort (2004–2005) of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (Hispanic EPESE) and were compared across the two surveys. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetes among Mexican Americans aged ≥75 years has nearly doubled between 1993–1994 and 2004–2005 from 20.3 to 37.2%, respectively (P < 0.001). The increase in the prevalence of diabetes was similar across all sociodemographic factors. Diabetes complications did not change significantly between the two cohorts. However, the prevalence of having any lower-extremity function disability did increase between the two cohorts. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of diabetes in older Mexican Americans has increased dramatically. At the same time, there has been no improvement in diabetes-related complications as has been found in the general older population. These findings heighten the urgency for more effective public health interventions targeted to this population. As diabetes and obesity become more prevalent in older adults, physicians should encourage appropriate management in older patients, including early detection and glycemic control.
Attitudes Towards Disabled Staff and the Effect of the National Minimum Wage: A Delphi survey of employers and disability employment advisors

This Delphi study drew on the expertise of a national sample of 100 employers of disabled people, and a similar number of Disability Employment Advisors (DEAs). It presents their existing attitudes towards disabled employees before analysing the effect of the NMW on these views. Differences between employers and DEAs were found in relation to the perceived costs and obstacles to employers of taking or retaining disabled staff, the problems presented by specific disabilities and the motivation shown by disabled staff. There was general agreement that the NMW has benefited disabled people by making low paid jobs better paid. A minority of respondents thought it had created additional obstacles to employment for disabled people. Some disabled employees appear to have been adversely affected by the interaction of the NMW with the Supported Placement Scheme (SPS, now Workstep) and the benefits system. Understanding employers' perspectives may facilitate the promotion of work opportunities for disabled people.
Dynamic tracking of minimally invasive spine surgery robot

In order to exhibit the surgery instruments in intraoperative image, the tracking system must be introduced so that it may finally achieve the image guide surgery on minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). To exhibit the tip of the instrument, the transform of the CARM(a device which generates X-ray images) and CT image, the transform of the world and CARM. The more transforms of different space happen, the more errors will be introduced into the system. This paper is focused on the surgery robot tracking problem, especially for the tracking of the position and posture of the surgery instruments. We introduce a method which could establish the robot model of the surgery and show the projection of the surgery instruments on intraoperative images which could help surgeon estimate the relative position of the surgery instrument and patient's spine.
The TIDieR checklist will benefit the physical therapy profession

Evidence-based practice involves physical therapists incorporating high-quality clinical research on treatment efficacy into their clinical decision-making.1 However, if clinical interventions are not adequately reported in the literature, physical therapists face an important barrier to using effective interventions for their patients. Previous studies have reported that incomplete description of interventions is a problem in reports of randomized controlled trials in many health areas.2–4 One of these studies examined 133 trials of nonpharmacological interventions.4 The experimental intervention was inadequately described in over 60% of the trials, and descriptions of the control interventions were even worse. A recent study5 evaluated the completeness of descriptions of the physical therapist interventions in a sample of 200 randomized controlled trials published in 2013. Overall, the interventions were poorly described. For the intervention groups, about one quarter of the trials did not fulfill at least half of the criteria. Reporting for the control groups was even worse, with around three quarters of trials not fulfilling at least half of the criteria. In other words, for the majority of the physical therapy trials, clinicians and …
On representing coalitional games with externalities

We consider the issue of representing coalitional games in multi-agent systems with externalities (i.e., in systems where the performance of one coalition may be affected by other co-existing coalitions). In addition to the conventional partition function game representation (PFG), we propose a number of new representations based on a new notion of externalities. In contrast to conventional game theory, our new concept is not related to the process by which the coalitions are formed, but rather to the effect that each coalition may have on the entire system and vice versa. We show that the new representations are fully expressive and, for many classes of games, more concise than the conventional PFG. Building upon these new representations, we propose a number of approaches to solve the coalition structure generation problem in systems with externalities. We show that, if externalities are characterised by various degrees of regularity, the new representations allow us to adapt coalition structure generation algorithms that were originally designed for domains with no externalities, so that they can be used when externalities are present. Finally, building upon Rahwan et al. [16] and Michalak et al. [9], we present a unified method to solve the coalition structure generation problem in any system, with or without externalities, provided sufficient information is available.
ITSAT: An Efficient SAT-Based Temporal Planner

Planning as satisfiability is known as an efficient approach to deal with many types of planning problems. However, this approach has not been competitive with the state-space based methods in temporal planning. This paper describes ITSAT as an efficient SAT-based (satisfiability based) temporal planner capable of temporally expressive planning. The novelty of ITSAT lies in the way it handles temporal constraints of given problems without getting involved in the difficulties of introducing continuous variables into the corresponding satisfiability problems. We also show how, as in SAT-based classical planning, carefully devised preprocessing and encoding schemata can considerably improve the efficiency of SAT-based temporal planning. We present two preprocessing methods for mutex relation extraction and action compression. We also show that the separation of causal and temporal reasoning enables us to employ compact encodings that are based on the concept of parallel execution semantics. Although such encodings have been shown to be quite effective in classical planning, ITSAT is the first temporal planner utilizing this type of encoding. Our empirical results show that not only does ITSAT outperform the state-of-the-art temporally expressive planners, it is also competitive with the fast temporal planners that cannot handle required concurrency.
The Reintegration of Technology as a Function of Curriculum Reform

The study utilized a case study approach to investigate the change in technology use of two teachers of elementary-aged students with moderate to severe disabilities during the first year of a multi-year professional development and research project. Participants in a larger multi-year professional development and research project focused on increasing educators’ capacity to provide comprehensive literacy instruction to their students; these teachers self-identified as interested in technology as a support for their students’ participation during instruction. Data sources included field notes and logs, interviews, classroom observations, photographs and video of instruction, and document review. The teachers made substantive changes in their literacy instruction as well as the technology tools they used to engage students instructionally. Two themes emerged from the data as influencers of technology integration: (a) the evolving nature of curriculum reform and (b) ongoing interdisciplinary collaboration. Implications for professional development and future research are shared.
Rapid detection of Salmonella enterica with primers specific for iroB

The iroB gene of Salmonella enterica is absent from the chromosome of the related organism Escherichia coli. We determined the distribution of this gene among 150 bacterial isolates, representing 51 serotypes of different Salmonella species and subspecies and 8 other bacterial species which are frequent contaminants during routine enrichment procedures by Southern hybridization. An iroB-specific DNA probe detected homologous sequences in all strains of S. enterica, including serotypes of S. enterica subsp. enterica (I), salamae (II), diarizonae (IIIb), and houtenae (IV). No hybridization signal was obtained with strains of Salmonella bongori or other bacterial species. In contrast, hybridization with a DNA probe specific for purD, a purine biosynthesis gene, detected homologs in all bacterial species tested. Primers specific for iroB were used to amplify this gene from 197 bacterial isolates by PCR. The iroB gene could be PCR amplified from S. enterica subsp. enterica (I), salamae (II), diarizonae (IIIb), houtenae (IV), arizonae (IIIa), and indica (VI), but not from S. bongori or other bacterial species. Thus, PCR amplification of iroB can be used to distinguish between S. enterica and other bacterial species, including S. bongori. A combination of preenrichment in buffered peptone water supplemented with ferrioxamine E and amplification of iroB by magnetic immuno-PCR allowed detection of S. enterica in albumen within 24 h. In conclusion, PCR amplification of iroB is a new sensitive and selective method which has the potential to rapidly detect S. enterica serotypes.
Stability and Stabilization of Discontinuous Systems and Nonsmooth Lyapunov Functions

We study stability and stabilizability properties of systems with discontinuous righthand side (with solutions intended in Filippov's sense) by means of locally Lipschitz continuous and regular Lyapunov functions. The stability result is obtained in the more general context of differential inclusions. Concerning stabilizability, we focus on systems affine with respect to the input: we give some sufficient conditions for a system to be stabilized by means of a feedback law of the Jurdjevic-Quinn type.
An innovative cognitive strategy to assist problem gamblers

The clinical and research literature suggests that cognitive and behavioural therapies are particularly helpful in assisting clients overcome problem gambling behaviour. Several articles have described the efficacy of a range of cognitive interventions, especially provision of information regarding rates of return and the odds of games and the exploration of irrational beliefs and myths and misconceptions regarding gambling activity. This paper describes in detail an innovative cognitive strategy which focuses on problem gambling clients’ financial status. The strategy incorporates the use of illustrations, generally using a whiteboard, to highlight how problem gambling behaviour negatively impacts on financial wealth over time. Step by step instructions are provided, together with illustrations, to allow clinicians to incorporate the strategy in treatment with their own clients.
The complete sequence of a 7·5 kb region of chromosome III from Saccharomyces cerevisiae that lies between CRY1 and MAT

We report the sequence of a 7·5 kb region lying between the CRY1 and MAT loci of chromosome III from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This region lies in the overlap between two major contigs used for the generation of the complete nucleotide sequence of this chromosome. Comparison of this sequence with those reported previously for this overlap [Thierry et al. (1990) Yeast 6, 521; Jia et al. (1991) Yeast 7, 413] reveals 38 nucleotide differences, 45% of which generate changes in the amino acid sequences of the four genes in this region (YCR591, YCR592, YCR521 and YCR522). These differences appear to reflect true sequence polymorphisms between the two yeast strains used to generate the clones used in the sequencing project. Three of the four genes in this region display weak homologies to proteins in the PIR database. Some properties of YCR521 are analogous to those of ribosomal protein genes. However, the functions of all four genes remain obscure.
A fast and high quality stereo matching algorithm on FPGA

In this paper, we describe an FPGA stereo vision system with lower error rate and high processing speed. In our system, two algorithms, the cost aggregation and fast locally consistent dense stereo, are used to achieve the lower error rate on the pipelined circuit while maintaining the high processing speed. We have evaluated the performance of the circuit on Xilinx Vertex-6 FPGAs. Its error rate is competitive with the top-level software algorithms, and its processing speed is almost 2 clock cycles per pixel, which reaches to 507.4 fps for 640 × 480 pixel images.
Systematic design of programmable operational amplifiers with noise-power trade-off

A methodology for the systematic design of a programmable operational amplifier (opamp) is described. With this methodology, the opamp is programmable concerning noise and power consumption while keeping the stability for the whole operation range with a constant phase margin of phi res =70deg. The theoretical model is developed with the help of the transfer characteristics of the opamp determining the degrees of freedom. Experimental results for a 0.35-mum CMOS opamp show either ultra low-noise of 2 nV/radicHz or low-power consumption of 140 muW while keeping the opamp stable over the whole range of programmability
Practices of Object Maintenance and Repair

This article examines the practices of object maintenance in the home. Drawing on depth ethnographic research with households in north-east England, the article uses three object stories to show that ordinary consumer objects are continually becoming in the course of their lives in the home and that practices of object maintenance are central to this becoming. Located in a field of action and practice, consumer objects are shown to display traces of their consumption.The practices of object maintenance are shown to attempt to arrest these traces, not always successfully. A spectrum of practices of object maintenance is identified, ranging from routine cleaning, wiping and polishing, through quick-fix repair, to the more thorough-going restoration.The object stories show how restorative acts generally rekindle consumer objects; how other forms of repair (the quick-fix mask) are socially problematic, signalling the devaluation of objects; and how the failure of object maintenance can connect to the sabotage of objects.The success or failure of object maintenance is shown to have profound consequences for the social lives of consumer objects. More broadly, the article highlights the importance of consumer competences (and incompetence) with respect to object maintenance, and argues that object maintenance works to integrate consumption, connecting home interiors with acts of acquisition, purchase and ridding.
Indoor massive MIMO deployments for uniformly high wireless capacity

Providing consistently high wireless capacity is becoming increasingly important to support the applications required by future digital enterprises. In this paper, we propose Eigen-direction-aware ZF (EDA-ZF) with partial coordination among base stations (BSs) and distributed interference suppression as a practical approach to achieve this objective. We compare our solution with Zero Forcing (ZF), entailing neither BS coordination or inter-cell interference mitigation, and Network MIMO (NeMIMO), where full BS coordination enables centralized inter-cell interference management. We also evaluate the performance of said schemes for three sub-6 GHz deployments with varying BS densities — sparse, intermediate, and dense — all with fixed total number of antennas and radiated power. Extensive simulations show that: (i) indoor massive MIMO implementing the proposed EDA-ZF provides uniformly good rates for all users; (ii) indoor network densification is detrimental unless full coordination is implemented; (iii) deploying NeMIMO pays off under strong outdoor interference, especially for cell-edge users.
Word Embeddings Pointing the Way for Late Antiquity

Continuous space representations of words are currently at the core of many state-of-the-art approaches to problems in natural language processing. In spite of several advantages of using such methods, they have seen little usage within digital humanities. In this paper, we show a case study of how such models can be used to find interesting relationships within the field of late antiquity. We use a word2vec model trained on over one billion words of Latin to investigate the relationships between persons and concepts of interest from works of the 6 th -century scholar Cassiodorus. The results show that the method has high potential to aid the humanities scholar, but that caution must be taken as the analysis requires the assessment by the traditional historian.
Tumour cell and stromal features in metastatic and non‐metastatic non‐small cell lung carcinomas

Aims: Tumour cell behaviour depends on the interactions between nuclear genetic changes in the malignant cells and a stroma favourable for growth, invasion and metastasis. To evaluate such interactions, we studied the relationship between tumour cell and stromal features for proliferative factors, p53, microvessel density and metalloproteinases, controlled for the extent of the primary lesion (T1 to T4), in early (non‐metastatic) and late (metastatic) non‐small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).
Evidence for both local and central regulation of rat rod outer segment disc shedding.

Rats entrained to a 7 A.M.:7 P.M. lighting cycle had one eye patched and then were placed in either constant light or in a 2 A.M.:2 P.M. lighting cycle. In both cases, the patched eyes maintained the original pattern of rod outer segment (ROS) disc shedding, whereas the open eyes responded to the ambient lighting conditions. When the optic nerves were severed at the optic chiasm, the shedding rhythm persisted, but it was no longer possible to shift the rhythm to a new lighting cycle. From these experiments we conclude that ROS disc shedding is regulated both by local oscillators within the orbit as well as by central elements.
An NMF solution for the Flowgraphs case at the TTC 2013

Software systems are getting more and more complex. Model-driven engineering (MDE) offers ways to handle such increased complexity by lifting development to a higher level of abstraction. A key part in MDE are transformations that transform any given model into another. These transformations are used to generate all kinds of software artifacts from models. However, there is little consensus about the transformation tools. Thus, the Transformation Tool Contest (TTC) 2013 aims to compare different transformation engines. This is achieved through three different cases that have to be tackled. One of these cases is the Flowgraphs case. A solution has to transform a Java code model into a simplified version and has to derive control and data flow. This paper presents the solution for this case using NMF Transformations as transformation engine.
The Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere of σ Orionis E

We characterize the observed variability of the magnetic helium-strong star σ Ori E in terms of a recently developed rigidly rotating magnetosphere model. This model predicts the accumulation of circumstellar plasma in two corotating clouds, situated in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium at the intersections between the magnetic and rotational equators. We find that the model can reproduce well the periodic modulations observed in the star's light curve, Hα emission-line profile, and longitudinal field strength, confirming that it furnishes an essentially correct, quantitative description of the star's magnetically controlled circumstellar environment.
Impact of file systems on SSD PE cycle consumption

SSDs (Solid State Disks) are next generation storage devices. SSD has two main parts, viz. NAND Flash and SSD Controller. The main headache for SSDs is ‘erase before write’, because of which when data modification happens SSDs need to first erase present data from NAND blocks, which include other valid data also and then need to re-write whole content which causes Write amplification. The higher erase operations cause higher decrease in PE cycle count. If PE cycle count decreases at higher rate then SSD life span will decrease at higher rate. So to optimize SSD life span it is needed that data writing and modifying on SSD need to be optimized. This is job of FTL (Flash Translation layer) But FTL performs optimization on device side it will be beneficial if optimization is done on Host side i.e. via file systems. In this paper we are analyzing how different file systems cause impact on PE cycles of SSD.