Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The discourse of QDAS: reporting practices of ATLAS.ti and NVivo users with implications for best practices

Abstract We still know relatively little about how researchers use qualitative data analysis software (QDAS) such as ATLAS.ti and NVivo. We conducted a discourse analysis of 763 empirical articles published from 1994 to 2013 that explored the language used by researchers when reporting QDAS use. We found that most researchers provided few details of their QDAS use beyond naming the program, but the detailed accounts provided by some authors provided valuable insights into the ways that QDAS programs can be used to support data analysis and the reporting of research outcomes. We conclude with suggestions for best practices in reporting QDAS use. We encourage researchers to provide more detail about their program usage, e.g. by choosing active rather than passive voice to avoid attributing agency to the software, defining specialized QDAS terminology to prevent confusion, and avoiding unsubstantiated claims of a relationship between QDAS use and improved quality.
Indexing and retrieval of malayalam news videos based on word image matching

News videos store a huge amount of information and are a source of historical archives. The amount of news data is growing rapidly and unpredictably, hence video indexing on news videos is a tedious job. Manual indexing even though effective, it is slow and most expensive for a massive volume of data. Content Based Indexing and Retrieval (CBIR) is a solution for this problem. Textual modality based on ticker texts is powerful enough to represent a news video since it highlights all the topics in a news bulletin. Searching and retrieval from Malayalam news videos are challenging due to the lack of effective tools for automatic content based indexing and retrieval from massive database analyzing the semantics of the news videos. The ticker texts are extracted automatically using mathematical morphology and region clustering and indexing and retrieval based on text or word image matching is implemented. Different methods like Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), Exclusive-OR (XOR), and Correlation are performed for word image matching. The features Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Normalized Vertical Projection Profile (nvpp) are found to give better results.
An Energy-Efficient Broadcast Scheme for Multihop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Using Variable-Range Transmission Power

This letter proposes a broadcast scheme for use in ad hoc networks using variable-range transmission power. Preserving energy and ensuring a high delivery ratio of broadcast packets are crucial tasks for broadcasting in ad hoc networks. Using individual broadcast relaying nodes to dynamically vary the transmission range can help saving power and reduce interference during communication. We analyzed the performance of the proposed scheme and compared it to other prevalent broadcast schemes for wireless ad hoc networks based on common-range transmission power.
Relationship between Comfort Meter values and the prickle rating of garments in wearer trials

The latest prototype version of the CSIRO-developed Comfort Meter was used to measure representative samples of all the garments used in the Sheep Cooperative Research Centre wearer trials. The average wearer prickle ratings of the garment sets were compared to the average Comfort Meter values for the garments. Comfort Meter values were strongly correlated with average prickle ratings assigned by wearers of the garments. As average wool fibre diameter and fabric knit structure were changed in the fabrics used in the wearer trials, the relationship between the Comfort Meter value and the wearer prickle rating remained highly correlated. The correlation between the Comfort Meter value and the wearer prickle rating changed for a set of fabrics in which the yarn structures were changed. A possible mechanism to explain the various relationships is proposed.
Embedded software generation from system level specification for multi-tasking embedded systems

In this paper we present a new design flow in which embedded software code is generated from system level specification of multi-tasking embedded system, both for simulation and implementation. The generated software has a layered structure using virtual OS APIs and OS wrapper implementations to make it reconfigurable for multiple target platforms. Implementation of the OS wrapper is explained in details. With a Divx play example, we show some experimental results about the real-time performance comparison between two different platforms.
DARPP-32 mediates the actions of multiple drugs of abuse

Drugs of abuse share the ability to enhance dopaminergic neurotransmission in the dorsal and ventral striatum. The action of dopamine is modulated by additional neurotransmitters, including glutamate, serotonin and adenosine. All these neurotransmitters regulate the phosphorylation state of Dopaminal serine/threonine protein phosphatase, PP-1. Phosphorylatine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32 kDa (DARPP-32). Phosphorylation at Thr34 by protein kinase A converts DARPP-32 into a potent inhibitor of the multifunctioon at Thr75 by Cdk5 converts DARPP-32 into an inhibitor of protein kinase A. The state of phosphorylation of DARPP-32 at Thr34 also depends on the phosphorylation state of Ser97 and Ser130, which are phosphorylated by CK2 and CK1, respectively. By virtue of regulation of these 4 phosphorylation sites, and through its ability to modulate the activity of PP-1 and protein kinase A, DARPP-32 plays a key role in integrating a variety of biochemical, electrophysiological, and behavioral responses controlled by dopamine and other neurotransmitters. Importantly, there is now alarge body of evidence that supports a key role for DARPP-32-dependent signaling in mediating the actions of multiple drugs of abuse including cocaine, amphetamine, nicotine, caffeine, LSD, PCP, ethanol and morphine.
Research Training and Professional Social Work Education: Developing Research‐Minded Practice

The movement towards developing practice more firmly grounded on empirical research has, arguably, been one of the most significant international trends in social work during the past decade. However, in the UK the implications of this trend for pedagogical practices and the design of educational programmes have still to be fully explored. This paper reports on the findings of a repeated cross‐sectional survey of MSW students in Queen's University Belfast which focused on their perceptions of the value of research training to professional practice. The study, conducted over a four year period, explored students' awareness of the relationship between research and practice and their readiness to engage with research training. The findings suggested that the majority of students perceived research training as a valuable component of professional development. However, the study also found a level of scepticism among students about its practical utility along with some resistance towards actively embracing a research agenda. The paper evaluates the significance of these findings for developing research and evidence‐based practice as integral components of the new degrees in social work in the UK and for social work education programmes in other countries aiming to develop research‐minded practice.
Intrusive Memories and Modality-Specific Mental Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by vivid intrusive memories of the trauma. Among these, visual sensations of the trauma are most commonly reported. However, intrusions may involve other senses as well (e.g., acoustic, olfactory, or bodily sensations). It has been proposed that enhanced mental imagery may predispose individuals with traumatic experiences to intrusions and ultimately to PTSD. A total of 58 victims of interpersonal violence with current (n = 20), past (n = 19), and no lifetime PTSD (n = 19) as well as non-traumatized controls (n = 23) were assessed with the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) and a modality-specific imagery questionnaire. Moreover, the sensory quality of the traumatic intrusions was assessed in traumatized participants. Participants with recovered PTSD displayed less overall mental imagery than the other three groups who were indistinguishable. No relation was found between the modality-specific mental imagery and the sensory quality of the.
Global trends in dietary micronutrient supplies and estimated prevalence of inadequate intakes

Understanding dietary patterns is vital to reducing the number of people experiencing hunger (about 795 million), micronutrient deficiencies (2 billion), and overweight or obesity (2.1 billion). We characterize global trends in dietary quality by estimating micronutrient density of the food supply, prevalence of inadequate intake of 14 micronutrients, and average prevalence of inadequate intake of these micronutrients for all countries between 1961 and 2011. Over this 50-year period, the estimated prevalence of inadequate intakes of micronutrients has declined in all regions due to increased total production of food and/or micronutrient density. This decline has been particularly strong in East and Southeast Asia and weaker in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region where dietary micronutrient density has declined over this 50-year period. At the global level, micronutrients with the lowest levels of adequate estimated intake are calcium, iron, vitamin A, and zinc, but there are strong differences between countries and regions. Fortification has reduced the estimated prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes in all low-income regions, except South Asia. The food supply in many countries is still far below energy requirements, which suggests a need to increase the availability and accessibility of nutritious foods. Countries where the food energy supply is adequate show a very large variation in dietary quality, and in many of these countries people would benefit from more diverse diets with a greater proportion of micronutrient-dense foods. Dietary quality can be improved through fortification, biofortification, and agricultural diversification, as well as efforts to improve access to and use of micronutrient-dense foods and nutritional knowledge. Reducing poverty and increasing education, especially of women, are integral to sustainably addressing malnutrition.
Disease impact number and population impact number: population perspectives to measures of risk and benefit.

# Disease impact number and population impact number: population perspectives to measures of risk and benefit {#article-title-2} The number needed to treat statistic is a clinically useful measure of treatment effect, conveying both statistical and clinical importance to the treating doctor. 1 2 This information, however, is limited to clinical decision making and lacks a public health perspective. We propose two new statistics, which should allow the impact of an intervention to be seen in the context of the broader population. The number needed to treat is defined as the number of patients who must be treated to prevent one patient from experiencing the adverse effects of the disease being studied.3 For example, treating five diabetic patients with intensive therapy may result in one fewer patient who dies or has a macrovascular event.4 This gives an immediate and simple understanding of the impact of the intervention. The number needed to treat statistic, however, relates only to those people actually treated and does not give an appreciation of how many people with the disease in question, or of the total population, will benefit from applying the intervention. Our proposed new statistics offer this population perspective to the number needed to treat. We propose two statistics, the disease impact number and the population impact number. The disease impact number provides a population perspective by taking account of the number of people in the population with the disease, not just those eligible for the intervention according to the entry criteria for the trial from which the evidence of benefit is derived or those who actually have access to treatment. It is defined as “the number of those with the disease in question among whom one event will be prevented by the intervention. ” It is given by the formula 1/(absolute risk reduction × proportion of people with the disease who are exposed to the intervention) where the absolute risk … Correspondence to: L Smeeth
A Novel Structure for Realizing Goal-directed Behavior

Intelligent organisms complete goal-directed behaviour by accomplishing a series of cognitive process. Inspired from these cognitive processes, in this work, a novel structure composed of Adaptive Resonance Theory and an Action Selection module is introduced. This novel structure is capable of recognizing task relevant patterns and choosing task relevant actions to complete goal-directed behavior. In order to construct these task relevant choices the parameters of the system are modified by Reinforcement Learning. Thus the proposed structure is capable of modifying its choices and evaluates the outcome of these choices. In order to show the efficiency of the proposed structure word hunting task is solved.
The contributions of working memory and executive functioning to problem representation and solution generation in algebraic word problems

Solving algebraic word problems involves multiple cognitive phases. The authors used a multi task approach to examine the extent to which working memory and executive functioning are associated with generating problem models and producing solutions. They tested 255 II-year-olds on working memory (Counting Recall, Letter Memory, and Keep Track), ability to inhibit inappropriate responses (inhibition: numeric Stroop, Stop Signal), mental flexibility (switching: Number-Letter and Plus-Minus), English literacy, and algebraic problem-solving skills (problem representation, solution generation, and other subcomponents). Working memory explained about a quarter of the variance in both representation and solution formation. Literacy explained an additional 20% of the variance in representation formation. Ability to discern quantitative relationships explained an additional 10%. The findings go beyond a demonstration of an association between working memory and problem-solving accuracy. They show that success in word problems is particularly reliant on ability to decode and assign mathematical operators to quantitative relationships, 2 phases of problem solving that also draw heavily on working memory resources
A genetic algorithm for a bicriteria supplier selection problem

In this paper, we discuss the problem of selecting suppliers for an organisation, where a number of suppliers have made price offers for supply of items, but have limited capacity. Selecting the cheapest combination of suppliers is a straightforward matter, but purchasers often have a dual goal of lowering the number of suppliers they deal with. This second goal makes this issue a bicriteria problem – minimisation of cost and minimisation of the number of suppliers. We present a mixed integer programming (MIP) model for this scenario. Quality and delivery performance are modelled as constraints. Smaller instances of this model may be solved using an MIP solver, but large instances will require a heuristic. We present a multi-population genetic algorithm for generating Pareto-optimal solutions of the problem. The performance of this algorithm is compared against MIP solutions and Monte Carlo solutions.
Protective Effect of Pyruvate upon Cultured Mesothelial Cells Exposed to 2 mM Hydrogen Peroxide

Rat peritoneal mesothelial cells in culture have the capability of generating hydrogen peroxide. Exposure of these cells to glucose-enriched, lactated-buffered fluids for peritoneal dialysis significantly increases the production of H2O2. Increased liberation of oxygen radicals also involves the risk of damaging the peritoneal membrane. Pyruvate being a natural oxidant scavenger abundantly present in mammalian cells, we hypothesized that its protective effects facing H2O2 can eventually be of relevance for the mesothelial monolayer of patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis. So far, we designed an experimental study in which rat peritoneal mesothelial cells in culture were exposed to 2 mM H2O2. Cell damage was estimated in terms of decreased capability of the mitochondrial dehydrogenases to reduce MTT. Addition of 2 mM sodium pyruvate to the medium prevented the negative effect of hydrogen peroxide. The MTT/protein values for the control group were 0.00357 ± 0.00075. The ratio after exposure to 2 mM H2O2 was 0.00217 ± 0.00028, whereas that detected in cells incubated in H2O2 plus pyruvate was 0.00325 ± 0.0082 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that pyruvate protected rat peritoneal mesothelial cells in culture against oxidant injury. These data are one more piece of evidence pointing at pyruvate as a potentially useful buffer for peritoneal dialysis solutions.
Development and Validation of an Internationally Reliable Short-Form of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)

This article reports the development and validation of a 10-item international Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) in English. A qualitative study (N = 18) and then an exploratory quantitative study (N = 407), each using informants from a range of cultural backgrounds, were used to identify systematically which 10 of the original 20 PANAS items to retain or remove. A same-sample retest study (N = 163) was used in an initial examination of the new 10-item international PANAS's psychometric properties and to assess its correlation with the full, 20-item, original PANAS. In a series of further validation studies (N = 1,789), the cross-sample stability, internal reliability, temporal stability, cross-cultural factorial invariance, and convergent and criterion-related validities of the I-PANAS-SF were examined and found to be psychometrically acceptable.
The Sexual, Psychological, and Body Image Health of Women Undergoing Elective Vulvovaginal Plastic/Cosmetic Procedures: A Pilot Study:

Vulvovaginal aesthetic (VVA) surgery has become increasingly popular, and there is anecdotal support for its enhancing effects on sexual functioning and self-concept. We conducted a prospective pilot study to evaluate the impact of VVA surgery on sexual response. A prospective cohort of women electing VVA cosmetic surgery completed questionnaires before VVA surgery (n = 33), after VVA surgery (n = 18), and again 6 to 9 months later (n = 12) using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale for Body Dysmorphic Disorder (YBOCS-BDD). No signiÞ cant effect of VVA surgery was noted on Desire, Lubrication, Orgasm, Pain, or Total Score at either time point, but scores on Arousal and Satisfaction increased immediately after surgery, then fell back to baseline levels at follow-up. No signiÞ cant effect of VVA surgery was seen on psychological functioning at either time point. According to established cut-off scores for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), 61.1% of participants met criteria for BDD at base-line; this proportion signiÞ cantly dropped to 11.1% after surgery, and to 8.3% at follow-up. Contrary to anecdotal claims, women in the present sample did not have symptoms of sexual dysfunction that may have motivated them to seek VVA surgery, nor was there any signiÞ cant effect of surgery on sexual response. It is important to note that a high pro-portion of women seeking VVA met criteria for BDD; this has implications for surgeons and consenting patients for these cosmetic genital procedures.
English Identity and Ethnic Diversity in the Context of UK Constitutional Change

At the time of the devolution settlement in the UK, there was widespread concern that the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales would prompt a rise in English identity at the expense of British identity and, in turn, threaten polyethnic constructions of citizenship. Such presumptions typically rested on reified understandings of the category labels British and English, and conflated the construct of national identity with the constructs of territorial belonging, social inclusion and citizenship. Post-devolution survey data do not currently reveal a decline in British identity in England. Measures of attachment to Englishness vary as a function of ethnic origin of respondent, but also as a function of question wording. A qualitative interview study of young adult Pakistani-origin Muslims in Greater Manchester, north-west England, illustrates how Englishness may be understood to pertain variously to an exclusive cultural or racial category, or to an inclusive territorial entity or community of political interest. Ethnic constructions of English identity need not imply exclusive understandings of citizenship, but their meaning depends crucially on the ways in which nationality and identity are in turn understood in relation to matters of polity and civil society. Conversely, inclusive understandings of national identity do not guarantee the existence of effective ethnic integration or substantive ethnic equality.
Bearing Health Monitoring Based on Hilbert–Huang Transform, Support Vector Machine, and Regression

The detection, diagnostic, and prognostic of bearing degradation play a key role in increasing the reliability and safety of electrical machines, especially in key industrial sectors. This paper presents a new approach that combines the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), the support vector machine (SVM), and the support vector regression (SVR) for the monitoring of ball bearings. The proposed approach uses the HHT to extract new heath indicators from stationary/nonstationary vibration signals able to tack the degradation of the critical components of bearings. The degradation states are detected by a supervised classification technique called SVM, and the fault diagnostic is given by analyzing the extracted health indicators. The estimation of the remaining useful life is obtained by a one-step time-series prediction based on SVR. A set of experimental data collected from degraded bearings is used to validate the proposed approach. The experimental results show that the use of the HHT, the SVM, and the SVR is a suitable strategy to improve the detection, diagnostic, and prognostic of bearing degradation.
Urban fringe belts: Development of an idea

The fringe‐belt concept, first formulated in Germany some 50 years ago, has its origins in the recognition by Louis of the long‐term significance of physical limitations on urban growth, notably city walls. Developed by Conzen in Britain in the post‐war period, it became the foundation for a morphological theory of urban growth and change. The concept was disseminated widely in the 1970s, although it has only been taken up by scholars outside the English‐speaking world in the 1980s. Significant developments have been the establishment of the relationship between fringe belts on the one hand and building cycles, rent theory, innovation, family life cycles, and social areas on the other. Interest in the fringe‐belt concept beyond the discipline of geography would seem to be only just beginning. Fringe belts present both opportunities for, and constraints on, town planning. This applies both where they have initially formed parts of town planning schemes and, as is more commonly the case, where they have dev.