Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do health benefits explain the price premiums for organic foods

This paper examines whether the dollar value of health benefits that consumers derive from organic food could account for the price premiums they pay. Price and sales data from realized transactions are inadequate to reveal consumer preferences for health benefits. Our exploratory alternative method estimates the value of health benefits to a hypothetical consumer who assesses risks as risk assessors do and values a unit reduction in all fatal risks equally, regardless of the source of any risk. Under these assumptions, our estimates of the value of health benefits derived from substituting an organic diet for a conventionally produced diet approach zero. For a common organic product, apple juice, we estimated the cost of reducing risks by buying the organic characteristic. The cost of averting each adverse health outcome is 27 to 461 times as large as the value of benefits. If the characteristics of our hypothetical consumer match those of the typical consumer, two inferences follow from our estimates of benefits and costs. First, the typical consumer is unlikely to purchase organic food for health reasons. Second, consumers who choose organic food could differ from typical consumers in several dimensions: perceptions of the level of risk from dietary intake of pesticides, perceptions of the nature of adverse health outcomes from pesticides, or in the importance attached to other attributes of organic food. Our analysis is exploratory partially because there are several behavioral assumptions implicit in the values we calculate. Also, we focus on risks that can be quantitatively estimated, measuring the probability of an adverse health outcome with readily accessible data. Currently, only cancer risks can be measured in terms of probabilities from readily accessible data.
The red ade mutants of Kluyveromyces lactis and their classification by complementation with cloned ADE1 or ADE2 genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Seventy‐six red adenine mutants of Kluyveromyces lactis were isolated. By complementation they could be assigned to two groups with 31 and 45 mutants. Transformation of several strains from each group with plasmids containing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADE1 or ADE2 gene showed that the largest group was ade2 and the other group was ade1. Several previously isolated ‘ade1’ mutants were classified to either group and given new gene and allele numbers. ADE1 was localized at chromosome III, closely linked to the mating type gene, making it a convenient marker for mating type. ADE2 was localized at chromosome V.
From experience: linking projects to strategy

There is a dramatic rise in the use of project management as organizations shift to provide customer-driven results and systems solutions. Some implementations of project management have been successful, whereas others are spectacular failures. A common occurrence in many organizations is too many projects being attempted by too few people with no apparent link to strategy or organizational goals. Research and experience indicate that the support of upper management is critical to project success. This article reviews actions that upper managers can take to create an environment for more successful projects in their organizations. Specifically, the authors discuss practices for upper manager teamwork and offer a complete model for selecting projects that support a strategic emphasis. The article includes experiences from within Hewlett-Packard Company. © 1999 Elsevier Science Inc.
Approximate basket option valuation for a simplified jump process

This study proposes the use of a simplified jump process, namely the Bernoulli jump process, to develop approximate basket option valuation formulas. The proposed model is based on a more realistic stochastic process—relative to the standard geometric Brownian motion—without introducing additional intractability. Typical approximations, necessary for the development of the closed form formulas, are validated on the basis of a Monte Carlo experiment. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:819–837, 2007
Consumer research in the restaurant environment. Part 3: analysis, findings and conclusions

In the preceding article “Consumer research in the restaurant environment, Part 2”, the operationalisation of the theoretical model of dining satisfaction and return patronage (IJCHM, Vol. 11 No. 6), was developed and described. This was preceded by Part 1 (IJCHM, Vol. 11 No. 5), in which a model of dining satisfaction and return patronage was proposed and conceptualised. Based on an extensive review of the relevant consumer behaviour literature, proposed model (Part 1), the development of the research instrument, sampling frame and procedures (Part 2), and the analytical analysis used in the study, this paper is the final contribution to the three‐part series and it reports on the findings of the study. Overall, the encouraging results of this study can be summarised as having provided: a clearer understanding of customers’ dining satisfaction perceptions; a clearer understanding of restaurants attribute performance that determine satisfaction as a consequence of dining experience; and a robust predictio.
International Industry Practice on Power System Load Modeling

Power system load modeling is a mature and generally well researched area which, as many other in electrical power engineering at the present time, is going through a period of renewed interest in both industry and academia. This interest is fueled by the appearance of new non-conventional types of loads (power electronic-based, or interfaced through power electronics) and requirements to operate modern electric power systems with increased penetration of non-conventional and mostly intermittent types of generation in a safe and secure manner. As a response to this renewed interest, in February 2010 CIGRE established working group C4.605: “Modelling and aggregation of loads in flexible power networks”. One of the first tasks of the working group was to identify current international industry practice on load modeling for static and dynamic power system studies. For that purpose, a questionnaire was developed and distributed during the summer/autumn of 2010 to more than 160 utilities and system operators in over 50 countries on five continents. This paper summarizes some of the key findings from about 100 responses to the questionnaire received by September 2011 and identifies prevalent types of load models used as well as typical values of their parameters.
Extracellular matrix‐dependent regulation of angiogenin expression in human placenta

Knowledge of the rapidly developing hierarchy of controls affecting vascular development in placenta is required to understand how the growth factors and their receptor‐mediated signals actually produce vessels. At the cell biological level, these events clearly require stable interactions between the cells, and cells with the surrounding ECM. The objective of the study was to understand the role of integrins and ECM on the expression and secretion of angiogenin in placentas and from trophoblasts in culture. Functionally active term placental explant culture and trophoblast cultures were used to demonstrate the differential secretion profile of angiogenin and real‐time quantitative RT‐PCR to demonstrate the mRNA expression in the presence or absence of ECM proteins. In this study, a significant increase in expression and secretion of angiogenin occurred in the presence of vitronectin (VN) and fibronectin (FN). Using antibody‐blocking experiments it was also demonstrated that the angiogenin secretion is mediated by placental integrins, αVβ3 and α5β1. In addition, exposure to hypoxic conditions resulted in diminished angiogenin secretion in the presence of both ECMs suggesting that angiogenin expression in the presence of ECM is modulated by local O2 concentration. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the regulatory role of ECM and integrins on the mRNA expression and secretion of angiogenin in human placenta. ECMs may have a pivotal role in enhancing secretion of this peptide necessary for placental angiogenesis and provides the impetus as additional targets for the control of angiogenesis in pathological pregnancy. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grocery e-commerce in the UK and Denmark – strategic market creation

The purpose of this article is to propose a framework for the analysis of market creation and apply this to the grocery e-commerce business. The article develops a model of four forces that interplay when companies engage in the process of creating new markets. The applicability of the model is exemplified by examining the interaction of the forces having created grocery e-commerce markets in the UK and Denmark. The application of the model reveals that besides the usual identification of competition intensity, the persistency of market reach efforts of a focal firm and the value attraction of its offerings play a significant role in the creation of grocery e-commerce markets. The practical implications are that retailers should not just transfer a grocery e-commerce set-up from one national market to another without considering the mentioned four forces in their own national markets.
Combining Hyperspectral and Lidar Data for Vegetation Mapping in the Florida Everglades

This study explored a combination of hyperspectral and lidar systems for vegetation mapping in the Florida Everglades. A framework was designed to integrate two remotely sensed datasets and four data processing techniques. Lidar elevation and intensity features were extracted from the original point cloud data to avoid the errors and uncertainties in the raster-based lidar methods. Lidar significantly increased the classification accuracy compared with the application of hyperspectral data alone. Three lidar-derived features (elevation, intensity, and topography) had the same contributions in the classification. A synergy of hyperspectral imagery with all lidar-derived features achieved the best result with an overall accuracy of 86 percent and a Kappa value of 0.82 based on an ensemble analysis of three machine learning classifiers. Ensemble analysis did not signifi cantly increase the classification accuracy, but it provided a complementary uncertainty map for the final classified map. The study shows the promise of the synergy of hyperspectral and lidar systems for mapping complex wetlands.
Testando a hipótese de ciclos eleitorais racionais nas eleições dos municípios paulistas

The purpose of this paper is, considering the theoretical approach proposed by Rogoff & Si-bert (1988) and Rogoff (1990), to attempt to find out evidences of rational budget cycles in Sao Paulo state municipalities, between 1989 and 2001, by using panel data and binary dependent variable (probit and logit) econometric models. Evidences of positive expenditure impulses in electoral years were found for those unities and, although the results for 2000 are different from the results obtained for 1992 and 1996, there is no acceptance of the hypothesis of voters' rationality in the way predicted by the rational opportunistic cycle theory.
Automatic compensation of primary field coupling for a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction sensor

Residual mutual coupling between the transmitter and receiver coil(s) is a well-known problem in frequency-domain (FD) electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors. In cases where a ratio of the measured signal to primary field coupling signal is sufficiently high, careful geometrical arrangements of coils, such as those used in EMI gradiometers, are normally sufficient for suppressing the primary field coupling. However, in applications requiring very high sensitivity, additional active means of sensor compensation are needed, since the measured object response may become commensurable with the primary field response and its thermally-induced fluctuations. In this paper, we investigate a technique for closed-loop automatic compensation of residual primary field coupling and its thermal drift, based on the use of an active sensor balancing. The technique is experimentally validated in a laboratory environment using a prototype of FD EMI sensor with magnetic cavity type design. Preliminary results indicate that direct coupling voltage can be effectively controlled, providing larger dynamic range and increased accuracy in measurements of EMI responses of small metallic objects.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between mumps during childhood and risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between mumps and risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Literature searches were conducted using Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science including studies published before February 2014. Crude and, where available, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from the published reports of each included study. Combined OR estimates and tests of heterogeneity were obtained using meta-analysis techniques. The analysis was repeated in subgroups of studies on the basis of quality defined by the score on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). In total, 18 articles met the eligibility criteria, and overall there was some evidence of a weak association between clinically diagnosed mumps and T1DM (OR=1.23, 95% CI 1.00–1.51; p=0.05) but marked heterogeneity between studies (I2=49%; p for heterogeneity=0.01). Restricting analyses to 13 high quality studies, there was little evidence of association between clinically diagnosed mumps and T1DM (OR=1.11, 95% CI 0.91–1.35; p=0.29) and there was much less heterogeneity (I2=26%; p for heterogeneity=0.18). Overall there was little evidence of any strong association between mumps infection and T1DM.
The Fear and Exuberance from Implied Volatility of S&P 100 Index Options

I study the relation between option traders' risk perception and contemporaneous market conditions. Risk perception tends to increase when downside volatility increases more than upside volatility. The risk-return relation is asymmetric and nonlinear, best described as a downward-sloping reclined S-curve. That prior gains appear to have some mitigating effect on the fear of loss relative to prior losses points to a "house money" effect. Broader market conditions influence the perception of risk in a manner consistent with the "keeping up with the Joneses" effect. Leverage is a weak explanation for the risk-return relation.
Influence of Metal Thickness on Stress Distribution in Metal-Ceramic Crowns

The objective of this study was to calculate the stress distribution induced in anterior metal-ceramic crowns fabricated with either gold-alloy or nickel-alloy copings of reduced thickness using plane stress analyses. Two-dimensional finite element models of three crown designs were subjected to a simulated biting force of 200 N which was distributed over porcelain near the lingual metal-ceramic junction. Based on plane stress analyses, the maximum tensile and compressive stresses in porcelain for the three cases were 29.5 MPa and 123.1 MPa, respectively. The highest tensile strains in porcelain for veneered Ni-Cr and Au-Pd copings with conventional dimensions were 0.016% and 0.014%, respectively. The maximum stresses and strains in porcelain for the crowns with a conventional coping thickness (0.3 mm) and a reduced coping thickness (0.1 mm) were not significantly different. All values were below the critical failure values of porcelain.
Development of Organizational Change Questionnaire

Organizational change, in the present study has been conceptualized as changes which happen within an organization as a response to internal and external environmental changes. By taking this perspective into account, this article aims at developing a questionnaire to measure the employees' perception of change in the organization. This was achieved by collecting primary data from 10 IT organizations. A pool of 52 [Part A (27) and Part B (25)] items was formulated and tested on a sample of randomly selected 213 executives from these 10 IT organizations. Reliability and validity of the scale were duly established. The final scale consists of 41 [Part A (20) and Part B (21)] items, with a 6-point Likert type format.
Experimental and Numerical Study of a Shunt Structure for Large Dynamic Strain Measurement

Cost-effective and energy-saving sensor for large dynamic strain measurement is still lacking for wireless sensor networking application. In this paper, a shunt structure is proposed to measure large dynamic strain using metal foil strain gauge without fatigue failure. This shunt structure is made of single metal sheet for convenient installation. The working principle of the strain shunt with one shunt sheet bridging two strain relieving units is illustrated. The strain measured on the shunt sheet surface is proportionally lower than that on the target surface where the strain shunt is attached, and the ratio of strain level reduction is derived analytically from shunt structure dimension. The constancy and stability of the shunt ratio is validated through tensile and bending load tests for both static and dynamic loads. Furthermore, the stress concentration and shunt ratio sensitivity to compound load are investigated numerically.
Graphene as dispersive solidphase extraction materials for pesticides LC-MS/MS multi-residue analysis in leek, onion and garlic

A multi-residue analytical method was validated for 24 representative pesticides residues in onion, garlic and leek. The method is based on modified QuEChERS sample preparation with a mixture of graphene, primary secondary amine (PSA), and graphitised carbon black (GCB) as reversed-dispersive solid-phase extraction (r-DSPE) material and LC-MS/MS. Graphene was first used as an r-DSPE clean-up sorbent in onion, garlic and leek. The results first show that the mixed sorbent of graphene, PSA and GCB has a remarkable ability to clean-up interfering substances in the r-DSPE procedure when compared with the mixture of PSA and GCB. Use of matrix-matched standards provided acceptable results for tested pesticides with overall average recoveries between 70.1% and 109.7% and consistent RSDs <15.6%. In any case, this method still meets the 1–10 μg kg–1 detection limit needed for pesticide testing and may be used for qualitative screening applications in which any identified pesticides can be quantified and confirmed by a more intensive method that achieves >70% recovery. Graphical Abstract
Assigning Patents to Industries: Tests of the Yale Technology Concordance

We describe a method to predict patent counts disaggregated by industry, using available data on patenting by technology field. This method—the Yale Technology Concordance (YTC)—exploits a data set of patents that have been individually assigned by the Canadian Patent Office to both an industry and a technology field. The procedure for predicting patents by industry is developed as a statistical model so that the standard errors of the predictions can be estimated. The YTC is tested on several subsets of Canadian patents by comparing out-of-sample predictions with industry assignments made by the Canadian Patent Office. We find that the predictions of patents by industry are quite accurate for the subset of patents form US inventors. The prediction errors are much greater for the subset of patents granted or published after 1989. This suggests that the relationship between the technology fields and industries has shifted in a way that the procedure does not capture. Nonetheless, predictions from the YTC do appear to give a reasonably accurate picture of the pattern of patenting by industry.
Separate Spheres Bargaining and the Marriage Market

This paper introduces the "separate spheres" bargaining model, a new model of distribution within marriage. It differs from divorce threat bargaining models (e.g., Manser-Brown, McElroy-Horney) in that the threat point is not divorce but a noncooperative equilibrium within marriage; this noncooperative equilibrium reflects traditional gender roles. The predictions of our model thus differ from those of divorce threat bargaining models; in the separate spheres model, cash transfer payments to the mother and payments to the father can--but need not--imply different equilibrium distributions in existing marriages. In the long run, the distributional effects of transfer policies may be substantially altered by changes in the marriage market equilibrium.
Intracellular Transport of High-Density Lipoprotein 3 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells (Caco-2) Is Tubulin Associated

Background: A retroendocytotic pathway for high-density lipoprotein 3 (HDL3) in cultured intestinal epithelial cell lines has been described. In small intestinal crypt cells and Caco-2, HDL3 is internalized, transported to lipid droplets and, after solubilization of these lipid droplets, resecreted. In the present study we examined the mechanisms of intracellular transport of HDL3 in the Caco-2 cell line. Methods: Apolipoprotein E free HDL3 was gold-labeled for transmission electron microscopy and 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine iodide [DiI(3)] labeled for fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. For tubulin desintegration Caco-2 cells were incubated with taxol, colchicine and β- and γ-lumicolchicine. Tubulin staining was performed using a FITC labeled antibody. Uptake of HDL3 was quantified by FACS analysis. Results: HDL3 was rapidly internalized and found to be in contact with lipid droplets in the perinuclear region after 10 min. By transmission electron microscopy a frequent colocalization of HDL3-containing vesicles and tubular structures was demonstrated. The close association of HDL3-containing vesicles with fluorescence stained tubulin could be confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Preincubation of the cells with taxol and colchicine did not completely prevent internalization but reduced it during a 2-hour incubation period to less than 50% of the control cells. The transport of DiI(3)-labeled HDL3 to the lipid droplets in the perinuclear region was almost completely blocked by taxol and colchicine. Conclusion: Internalization and intracellular transport of HDL3 in intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) is dependent on a tubulin-mediated mechanism.
CONSISTENCY BETWEEN MACRO‐ AND MICRO‐DATA SETS IN THE JAPANESE HOUSEHOLD SECTOR

This paper makes a comparative analysis of the micro-data, the 'Family Income and Expenditure Survey' (FIES) and the 'National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure (NSFIE) data, with the macro-data, the 'System of National Accounts' (SNA), figures for the Japanese household sector. The overall FIES/SNA ratio is about 80 percent. In comparing the results to those of other countries, the figure seems to be not bad. However, the treatment of categories such as Gross Rent, Fuel, and Power, and Medical Care and Health Expenses, require further consideration. In this regard we consider imputed rent for owner-occupied dwellings for the SNA and a sampling scheme for the FIES. Copyright 1993 by The International Association for Research in Income and Wealth.