Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for the N-2 Security-Constrained Unit Commitment Problem with Transmission Switching

Most power grid systems are operated to be N-1 secure, meaning that the system can withstand the failure of any one component. There is increasing interest in more stringent security standards, where the power grid must be able to survive the (nearly) simultaneous failure of k components (i.e., N-k). However, this improved reliability criterion significantly increases the number of contingency scenarios that must be considered when solving the unit commitment problem. Additional computational complexity is introduced when taking into account transmission switching. This relatively inexpensive method of redirecting power flows in the grid has been proposed as a way of introducing flexibility to better survive failure events. We present an algorithm for solving the unit commitment problem that simultaneously addresses both the challenges of the N-k security requirement and the use of transmission switching during operation. We analyze the algorithmic performance and present computational results for the IEE.
Co-channel interference in high-throughput multibeam satellite systems

The paper discusses co-channel interference as the main interference effect occurring in the user up- and downlink of a multi-beam satellite. Different cluster sizes for the beam pattern are considered, and an optimum cluster size with regard to co-channel interference is discussed in more detail. For the satellite spot beam antenna, a typical tapered antenna is considered. The investigation is based on Monte Carlo simulation of user positions within the beam pattern, resulting in CDFs of SNIR and capacity. Moreover, usage of dual polarisations and the influence of rain fading are investigated.
Student--teacher connection in clinical nursing education.

BACKGROUND The trend toward humanistic nursing education has called for a transformed student-teacher relationship that fosters learning and growth of students and teachers. Although such a relationship has been claimed to form the basis for student-teacher connection and to be a positive influence on students' learning outcomes, there is a paucity of research exploring these claims. Neither the nature of student-teacher connection nor the processes by which it occurs have been described. AIMS A research study was undertaken to explore and describe undergraduate nursing students' experiences of connection within the student-teacher relationship and the effects of student-teacher connection on students' learning experiences in clinical nursing education. RESEARCH DESIGN The qualitative research approach of interpretive description was chosen for this study. Unstructured interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from eight undergraduate nursing students. Data were analysed using the process of constant comparative analysis, and revealed four interrelated major categories that formed a description of the students' experience of student-teacher connection. FINDINGS This article presents part of the findings of this study. After describing the nature of student-teacher connection, the discussion focuses on the influence of teachers and other factors on the formation of student-teacher connection. Relevance is given to this discussion by describing the outcomes of connection for students' clinical learning experiences.
The Utility of Combining the IAD and SES Frameworks

Elinor Ostrom's IAD and SES frameworks are widely used among social scientists, but each framework suffers from significant problems not shared by the other. The IAD framework lacks detail in terms of the specific social and ecological variables that influence social interactions, resulting in inconsistent applications of a supposedly common framework. The SES framework was designed specifically to resolve that problem, but has lost the dynamic character of the IAD framework. As a result it excels at identifying configurations of social, ecological and institutional factors associated with outcomes, but cannot explain the process by which these factors interact across action situations to generate those outcomes, let alone predict or prescribe changes to social-ecological conditions over time. This article seeks to remedy the problems of each framework by combining them to facilitate detailed and process-oriented studies of social-ecological systems. We then demonstrate the utility of the combined IAD-SES framework by applying it to describe the historical development of Maine's lobster fishery. Future applications of the framework have the potential to address several longstanding questions in the literature on common-pool resources regarding the role of history, power and dynamic social and ecological processes in influencing prospects for environmental sustainability.
Equational Term Graph Rewriting

We present an equational framework for term graph rewriting with cycles. The usual notion of homomorphism is phrased in terms of the notion of bisimulation, which is well-known in process algebra and concurrency theory. Specifically, a homomorphism is a functional bisimulation. We prove that the bisimilarity class of a term graph, partially ordered by functional bisimulation, is a complete lattice. It is shown how Equational Logic induces a notion of copying and substitution on term graphs, or systems of recursion equations, and also suggests the introduction of hidden or nameless nodes in a term graph. Hidden nodes can be used only once. The general framework of term graphs with copying is compared with the more restricted copying facilities embodied in the μ-rule. Next, orthogonal term graph rewrite systems, also in the presence of copying and hidden nodes, are shown to be confluent.
The blood bank: from provider to partner in treatment of massively bleeding patients

BACKGROUND: Continued hemorrhage remains a major cause of mortality in massively transfused patients of whom many develop coagulopathy. Reviewing transfusion practice for these patients, we found that at our hospital more than 10 percent received a suboptimal transfusion therapy and that survivors had a higher platelet count than nonsurvivors. We therefore investigated whether the blood bank could improve its service and hence improve the outcome.
Both V(D)J Coding Ends but Neither Signal End Can Recombine at the bcl-2 Major Breakpoint Region, and the Rejoining Is Ligase IV Dependent

ABSTRACT The t(14;18) chromosomal translocation is the most common translocation in human cancer, and it occurs in all follicular lymphomas. The 150-bp bcl-2 major breakpoint region (Mbr) on chromosome 18 is a fragile site, because it adopts a non-B DNA conformation that can be cleaved by the RAG complex. The non-B DNA structure and the chromosomal translocation can be recapitulated on intracellular human minichromosomes where immunoglobulin 12- and 23-signals are positioned downstream of the bcl-2 Mbr. Here we show that either of the two coding ends in these V(D)J recombination reactions can recombine with either of the two broken ends of the bcl-2 Mbr but that neither signal end can recombine with the Mbr. Moreover, we show that the rejoining is fully dependent on DNA ligase IV, indicating that the rejoining phase relies on the nonhomologous DNA end-joining pathway. These results permit us to formulate a complete model for the order and types of cleavage and rejoining events in the t(14;18) translocation.
Design of a compact band-notched antenna for ultrawideband communication

A compact printed ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas with band-notched characteristic of size 30 mm times 35 mm are presented. The two designs are presented, the first antenna is designed to cover the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) bandwidth for UWB applications (3.1 - 10.6 GHz) and the second antenna is designed to cover the frequency band from 3 - 17 GHz. The two antennas are designed with a notch filtering at the IEEE 802.11a, frequency band (5.15 - 5.825 GHz). This band-rejection effect is obtained by introducing a slotted-parasitic patch on the bottom layer of the antenna.
Formaldehyde (CH2O) concentrations in the blood of humans and Fischer-344 rats exposed to CH2O under controlled conditions.

The effect of exposure to formaldehyde (CH2O) on the CH2O concentration of the blood was determined. Eight male F-344 rats were exposed to 14.4 +/- 2.4 ppm of CH2O for 2 hours and the blood was collected immediately after exposure. Formaldehyde concentrations in the blood were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The blood of eight rats unexposed to CH2O was collected and analyzed in the same manner. Measured CH2O concentrations (micrograms/g of blood) were: controls, 2.24 +/- 0.07; exposed, 2.25 +/- 0.07 (mean +/- S.E.). Formaldehyde concentrations in human blood were determined by analyzing samples of venous blood collected before and after exposure of six human volunteers (4 M, 2 F) to 1.9 +/- 0.1 ppm of CH2O for 40 min. Average CH2O concentrations (micrograms/g of blood) were: before exposure, 2.61 +/- 0.14; after exposure, 2.77 +/- 0.28. In neither experiment was there a statistically significant effect of exposure on the average CH2O concentration of the blood. However, human subjects differed significantly with respect to their blood CH2O concentrations, and significant differences (either an increase or a decrease) were found between the CH2O concentrations of the blood taken before and after exposure from some of the subjects, suggesting that blood CH2O concentrations may vary with time.
Renal transplantation: Long‐term adaptation and the children's own reflections

Abstract: Twenty children, 9–19 yr of age, having undergone renal transplantation, were interviewed (according to a semi‐structured inquiry manual) with the aim of investigating their emotional and psychosocial adaptation. The children reported about a rather unaffected life considering the circumstances. Few of them described a negative identity in the form of feeling sick or different, and their experienced limitations appeared to be moderate. Anxiety about the future was more salient, but nevertheless the children seemed to have found a good way of living with this anxiety. When comments were made on the relationship to the donor, they were of a positive character; the relationship had been improved by the donation. Only one child – who had received a kidney from a deceased person – described fantasies of the alien kidney of a markedly unpleasant character. The psychological adaptation of the children frequently seemed to imply the use of potentially dysfunctional defense mechanisms like denial and avoidance.
The stability of constrained receding horizon control

An infinite horizon controller that allows incorporation of input and state constraints in a receding horizon feedback strategy is developed. For both stable and unstable linear plants, feasibility of the contraints guarantees nominal closed-loop stability for all choices of the tuning parameters in the control law. The constraints' feasibility can be checked efficiently with a linear program. It is always possible to remove state constraints in the early portion of the infinite horizon to make them feasible. The controller's implementation requires only the solution of finite-dimensional quadratic programs. >
Continuous Response to Music using Discrete Emotion Faces

An interface based on expressions in simple graphics of faces were aligned in a clock-like distribution with the aim of allowing participants to quickly and easily rate emotions in music continuously. We developed the interface and tested it using six extracts of music, one targeting each of the six faces: ‘Excited’ (at 1 o’clock), ‘Happy’ (3), ‘Calm’ (5), ‘Sad’ (7), ‘Scared’ (9) and ‘Angry’ (11). 30 participants rated the emotion expressed by these excerpts on our ‘emotion-face-clock’. By demonstrating how continuous category selections (votes) changed over time, we were able to show that (1) more than one emotion-face could be expressed by music at the same time and (2) the emotion face that best portrayed the emotion the music conveyed could change over time, and that the change could be attributed to changes in musical structure.
Lateralization of tonal stimuli by the cat.

The ability of the cat to “lateralize” tonal signals having interaural intensive or interaural temporal disparities was measured. Interaural intensive differences were studied at 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 kHz. Interaural temporal differences were studied at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kHz. Miniature audio transducers were employed to present the stimuli to the animals. The transducers were held in a fixed spatial relation to the auditory canal by means of “pinna inserts” and leather helmets. An avoidance response in a shuttle box was used as the dependent variable. The animals' task involved the detection of a right‐left reversal in a gated sequence of tone bursts. The cat appears to be about as sensitive as the human to both interaural intensive and temporal disparities at each of the frequencies studied.
Hierarchical Object Classification using Imagenet Domain Ontologies

We present a binary tree based object classification method in this paper. The binary tree builds a group of classes using ImageNet domain ontologies. A binary decision function is introduced in the root node of the decision tree using the positive samples of the first group for training. The decision function continues dividing the groups in sub-sequent groups when approaching the leaf nodes and provides positive and negative samples for multi-class problems. We have tested our method on the PASCAL Visual Object Classes Challenge 2006 (VOC2006) dataset and have achieved comparable accuracy for group classification. The results show that the proposed method is a powerful class binarization technique for hierarchical objects group classification.
Incrimination of Simulium thyolense (Diptera: Simuliidae) as the anthropophilic blackfly in the Thyolo focus of human onchocerciasis in Malawi

Abstract The sibling species of the Simulium damnosum complex that are potential vectors in the foci of human onchocerciasis found in southern Malawi (the southern-most foci in Africa) were identified, using a combination of cytotaxonomic and molecular techniques. Simulium thyolense was found to be the most abundant species within the foci (representing 91% of the larvae collected), whilst S. kilibanum and cytoforms of the 'Ketaketa' subcomplex were the dominant members of the complex found outside of the foci. As all 188 biting female flies collected from the Thyolo, Mwanza and Mulanje foci were identified as S. thyolense, this species is probably the only significant vector of Onchocerca volvulus in the area, and the other Simulium species collected are assumed to be zoophilic. The results confirm the diagnostic value of the size of the amplicon(s) produced in PCR based on the sequences coding for the internal-transcribed-spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS-1 rDNA), with a characteristic 340bp amplicon for S. thyolense. Chromosomal polymorphisms within S. thyolense indicate some degree of geographical isolation of the 'Thyolo–Mulanje' focus from the Mwanza focus.
Design and verification of SMT MMIC package using a 20 GHz LNA, a 40 GHz LNA and a 40GHz digital attenuator

A surface mounting (SMT) low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) MMIC package was developed using new vertical transition consist of a trough line, a slab line, and shielded multilayer coplanar waveguides (SMCPWs) for DC to 50 GHz band applications. A 20 GHz LNA, a 40 GHz LNA and a 40 GHz 5-bit digital attenuator were packaged to verify the performances of the developed LTCC SMT MMIC package. The packaged 20 GHz LNA has less than 0.3 dB gain degradation, compared with the on-wafer measurement. The packaged 40 GHz LNA has some differences with on-wafer measurement due to the size mismatch with the MMIC package. The packaged 40 GHz attenuator exhibits a negligible degradation of the attenuation accuracy, compared to the on-wafer results.
Identification of linear slow sausage waves in magnetic pores

Abstract The analysis of an 11-hour series of high resolution white light observations of a large pore in the sunspot group NOAA 7519, observed on 5 June 1993 with the Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope at La Palma on Canary Islands, has been recently described by Dorotovič et al. (2002). Special attention was paid to the evolution of a filamentary region attached to the pore, to horizontal motions around the pore, and to small-scale morphological changes. One of the results, relevant to out work here, was the determination of temporal area evolution of the studied pore where the area itself showed a linear trend of decrease with time at an average rate of −0.23 Mm2h−1 during the entire observing period. Analysing the time series of the are of the pore, there is strong evidence that coupling between the solar interior and magnetic atmosphere can occur at various scales and that the referred decrease of the area may be connected with a decrease of the magnetic field strength according to the magnetic field-to-size relation. Periods of global acoustic, e.g. p-mode, driven waves are usually in the range of 5–10 minutes, and are favourite candidates for the coupling of interior oscillations with atmospheric dynamics. However, by assuming that magneto-acoustic gravity waves may be there too, and may act as drivers, the observed periodicities (frequencies) are expected to be much longer (smaller), falling well within the mMHz domain. In this work we determine typical periods of such range in the area evolution of the pore using wavelet analysis. The resulted periods are in the range of 20–70 minutes, suggesting that periodic elements of the temporal evolution of the area of this studied pore could be linked to, and considered as, observational evidence of linear low-frequency slow sausage (magneto-acoustic gravity) waves in magnetic pores. This would give us further evidence on the coupling of global solar oscillations to the overlaying magnetic atmosphere.
Aspects matériels et symboliques de l'utilisation des animaux dans le nord de la Mésoamérique, entre le Classique et la Conquête (200-1521 ap. J.-C.)

La Mesoamerique fut, a partir de 2500 BP, le berceau de differents groupes culturels sedentaires et agriculteurs. L’etude archeozoologique a l’origine de ce travail a porte sur 13 etablissements du centre du Mexique, repartis entre environ 200 ap. J.-C. et la Conquete (1521). Grâce a la mise en oeuvre d’une methodologie systematique de determination et de quantification des vestiges osseux mais aussi des complements apportes par la morphometrie et l’emploi ponctuel d’analyses isotopiques et genetiques, ce travail propose d’apporter un regard neuf sur les relations qu’entretenaient ces societes avec le monde animal. Les resultats ont ete confrontes aux sources iconographiques et ethnohistoriques pour permettre de preciser et nuancer la reconstitution des pratiques d’acquisition et d’exploitation de la faune par les societes du nord de la Mesoamerique. Une attention particuliere a ete portee aux taxons domestiques, le chien et le dindon, et a la question des pratiques d’elevage.
Scheduling and path planning for computational ferrying

Mobile devices are expected to perform complex tasks exceeding their current hardware capabilities. Traditional cloud-based solutions are often useful, but fail in adversarial environments with limited communication connectivity. This can be exemplified in battlefield scenarios where soldiers may require access to large processing capabilities, without sacrificing their own mobility. In this paper, we extend previous work on computational ferrying, where Mobile High Performance Computers (MHPCs) physically move the necessary hardware into the proximity of mobile devices. Our extension proposes several improvements: 1) Path planning, which is used for reliable a priori estimation of distances between locations, yielding more accurate scheduling; 2) Collision checking, which permits robots to carry out the role of MHPCs; and 3) Prioritization, allowing operators to assign weights to tasks. In this paper, our algorithms are implemented and tested, with a comparison to previous work.
Confidence-features and confidence-scores for ASR applications in arbitration and DNN speaker adaptation

Speech recognition conﬁdence-scores quantitatively represent correctness of decoded utterances in a [0,1] range. Conﬁdences have primarily been used to ﬁlter out recognitions with scores below a threshold. They have also been used in other speech applications in e.g. arbitration, ROVER, and high-quality data selection for model training etc. Conﬁdence-scores are computed from a rich set of conﬁdence-features in the speech recognition engine. While many speech applications consume conﬁdence scores, we haven’t seen adequate focus on directly consuming conﬁdence-features in applications. In this work we build a thesis that additionally consuming conﬁdence-features can provide big gains across conﬁdence-related tasks. We demonstrate this for arbitration application, where we obtain 31% relative reduction in arbitration metric. We additionally demonstrate a novel application of conﬁdence-scores in deep-neural-network (DNN) adaptation, where we strongly improve the relative reduction in word-error-rate (WER) for speaker adaptation on limited data.
Grasp planning pre-computation by considering center of gravity of objects and its evaluation using OpenRAVE

This paper presents a grasp planning method that takes into account center of gravity of objects in a pre-computation phase, thereby improving an existing method for grasp planning in complex scenes[1]. In the pre-computation phase, the system additionally calculates the distance from fingertips to the center of gravity of an object to use in ranking different proposed grasps, in order to achieve stable grasping with less force. Then we implement the proposed system in the OpenRAVE[2] environment that provides the original method[1]. Evaluation experiments were conducted with the Kawada Nextage[3] robot fitted with our original hand. Results show that the proposed method always grasps target objects closer to their center of gravity.
The Relation between Political Ideology and Attitudes toward Affirmative Action among African-Americans: The Moderating Effect of Racial Discrimination in the Workplace

Survey data from two samples of African-American students supported the hypothesis that the association between political ideology and attitudes toward affirmative action (AA) is moderated by the experience of workplace discrimination. Specifically, ideology was associated with support for AA, but only among individuals who had not experienced discrimination. Among these individuals, egalitarians, who view fairness in terms of group equality, were more supportive of AA than were individualists, who view fairness from the perspective of the individual. Conversely, among individuals who had experienced discrimination, ideology was not related to attitude toward AA: support was high and approximately equal regardless of ideology. Findings were interpreted in terms of Referent Cognitions Theory (Folger, 1986).