Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing Uncertainty During Organization Design Decision-Making Processes: The Moderating Effects of Different Types of Uncertainty

Managing Uncertainty During Organization Design Decision-Making Processes: The Moderating Effects of Different Types of Uncertainty Alice Mann Uncertainty about one's job or work environment is a common and aversive experience that organizational members typically seek to reduce or manage. This study investigates whether different types of uncertainty informational uncertainty (i.e., not having sufficient information to confidently form social judgments) and standing uncertainty (i.e., instability in one's perception of positive regard from relevant others) are qualitatively distinct. The study also examines whether both types of uncertainty are heightened by ongoing organizational factors (i.e., organization role and tenure) as well as temporary factors (i.e., affiliation with a division undergoing redesign). Implementing fair processes and procedures may be an effective way for organizational leaders to help organizational members address their uncertainty. Uncertainty has been shown to moderate the "fair process effect," such that the positive effect of higher process fairness (i.e., procedural, informational, and interpersonal fairness) on organizational members' attitudes is stronger when uncertainty is higher. Specifically, people's uncertainty about their standing in an organization has been shown to moderate the "process-outcome interaction effect," such that the positive effect of the interaction between higher process fairness and lower outcome fairness on organizational members' attitudes is stronger when uncertainty is higher. This study investigates whether informational uncertainty, like standing uncertainty, moderates the fair process effect and the process-outcome interaction effect. Study hypotheses were tested through a longitudinal field research design that utilized web-based questionnaires involving responses from 500 students, faculty, and administrators of an urban university undergoing an organization redesign effort. Both ongoing and temporary organizational factors were found to significantly reduce rather than heighten uncertainty, which was the opposite of what was predicted. Higher informational and standing uncertainty were found to enhance the positive effect of process fairness on organizational members' attitudes as predicted. But lower informational and standing uncertainty were also found to enhance the positive effect of process fairness on organizational members' attitudes, which was the opposite of what was predicted. Lower informational uncertainty, but not standing uncertainty, was found to enhance the positive effect of higher process fairness and lower outcome favorability on organizational members' attitudes, which was the opposite of what was predicted.
Learning for graphs with annotated edges

Automatic classification with graphs containing annotated edges is an interesting problem and has many potential applications. We present a risk minimization formulation that exploits the annotated edges for classification tasks. One major advantage of our approach compared to other methods is that the weight of each edge in the graph structures in our model, including both positive and negative weights, can be learned automatically from training data based on edge features. The empirical results show that our approach can lead to significantly improved classification performance compared to several baseline approaches.
1 3 N ov 2 00 8 Nonlocal Dispersion Cancellation using Entangled Photons

Classically, a pair of optical pulses traveling through two dispersive media will become broadened and, as a result, the degree of coincidence between the optical pulses will be reduced. Surprisingly, for a pair of entangled photons, nonlocal dispersion cancellation in which the dispersion experienced by one photon cancels the dispersion experienced by the other photon is possible. In this paper, we report the first experimental demonstration of nonlocal dispersion cancellation using entangled photons. The degree of two-photon coincidence is shown to increase beyond the limit attainable without entanglement. Our results have important applications in fiber-based quantum communication and quantum metrology.
GAP-43 is expressed by nonmyelin-forming Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system

Recently it has been demonstrated that the growth-associated protein GAP-43 is not confined to neurons but is also expressed by certain central nervous system glial cells in tissue culture and in vivo. This study has extended these observations to the major class of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells. Using immunohistochemical techniques, we show that GAP-43 immunoreactivity is present in Schwann cell precursors and in mature non-myelin-forming Schwann cells both in vitro and in vivo. This immunoreactivity is shown by Western blotting to be a membrane-associated protein that comigrates with purified central nervous system GAP-43. Furthermore, metabolic labeling experiments demonstrate definitively that Schwann cells in culture can synthesize GAP-43. Mature myelin-forming Schwann cells do not express GAP-43 but when Schwann cells are removed from axonal contact in vivo by nerve transection GAP-43 expression is upregulated in nearly all Schwann cells of the distal stump by 4 wk after denervation. In contrast, in cultured Schwann cells GAP-43 is not rapidly upregulated in cells that have been making myelin in vivo. Thus the regulation of GAP-43 appears to be complex and different from that of other proteins associated with nonmyelin-forming Schwann cells such as N-CAM, glial fibrillary acidic protein, A5E3, and nerve growth factor receptor, which are rapidly upregulated in myelin-forming cells after loss of axonal contact. These observations suggest that GAP-43 may play a more general role in the nervous system than previously supposed.
Graph Abstractions as the basis of an Extensible Graph Editing Tool

A wide variety of computer tools are based on graphs. In many modern applications, graphs also play an important role in the user interfaces of the tools. Although such tools, in a foundational sense, are based on the mathematical graph concept, it is frequently the case that a richer and more practical graph concept is needed for user interface purposes. The richness comes from several sources, but the variation in the ways the edges are rendered is of particular importance. In this paper we will demonstrate that a variety of relationships among nodes (one-to-one through many-to-many) can be understood as composite edges, the parts of which are particular kinds of subgraphs of the overall graph. We will also demonstrate how composite edges can be structured and managed in terms of two design patterns known from the area of object-oriented design. The paper is organized in two parts, the first of which lays the mathematical foundation of the latter.
Video Self-Modeling Intervention in School-Based Settings

Research indicates that video self-modeling is an effective means for improving academic skills and behaviors. Nearly 200 video self-modeling studies or applications have been reported over the past three decades. The purpose of this review was to examine studies in which video self-modeling was applied in school-based settings. Eighteen studies met strict criteria for inclusion in this review. Descriptive summaries and analyses of outcomes are provided for each study, as well as suggestions and resources for educators to implement video self-modeling interventions. These school-based studies verify the functional control of targeted academic skills and behavior(s) and support the efficacy of video self-modeling to improve student outcomes. Evidence for generalization across settings and maintenance over time is also presented.
Analysis of J-Pole antenna configurations for underwater communications

The capability of relatively high-speed short-range communications of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) in underwater scenarios, for example, for communication between vehicles or when the AUV is approaching a docking station for downloading of data gathered during a survey mission, is becoming a relevant application in the context of sea exploration and mining. In this paper the analysis of the J-pole antenna and two of its configurations namely Super J-pole and Collinear J-pole antennas are presented, aimed at improving the propagation distance and data rates when such antennas are installed on AUV for onward usage in underwater communications. The performance of these three antennas is assessed through simulation in fresh and sea water, operating in the High Frequency (HF) band. These antennas are compared in terms of bandwidth and directivity which are important elements in the transmission and reception of electromagnetic signals. The results obtained show that these antennas will be desirable both for improved data rates and propagation distance in fresh and sea water. The antennas were designed with FEKO electromagnetic simulation software.
Hydrogen peroxide regulation of endothelial exocytosis by inhibition of N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor

Although an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage the vasculature, low concentrations of ROS mediate intracellular signal transduction pathways. We hypothesized that hydrogen peroxide plays a beneficial role in the vasculature by inhibiting endothelial exocytosis that would otherwise induce vascular inflammation and thrombosis. We now show that endogenous H2O2 inhibits thrombin-induced exocytosis of granules from endothelial cells. H2O2 regulates exocytosis by inhibiting N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF), a protein that regulates membrane fusion events necessary for exocytosis. H2O2 decreases the ability of NSF to hydrolyze adenosine triphosphate and to disassemble the soluble NSF attachment protein receptor complex. Mutation of NSF cysteine residue C264T eliminates the sensitivity of NSF to H2O2, suggesting that this cysteine residue is a redox sensor for NSF. Increasing endogenous H2O2 levels in mice decreases exocytosis and platelet rolling on venules in vivo. By inhibiting endothelial cell exocytosis, endogenous H2O2 may protect the vasculature from inflammation and thrombosis.
Predicting the End-Price of Online Auctions

Online auctions have become one of the fastest growing modes of onlinecommerce transactions. eBay has 94 million active members buying and selling goods at a staggering rate. These auctions are also producing large amounts of data that can be utilized to provide services to the buyers and sellers, market research, and product development. We collect historical auction data from eBay and use machine learning algorithms to predict end-prices of auction items. We describe the features used, and several formulations of the price prediction problem. Using the PDA category from eBay, we show that our algorithms are extremely accurate and can result in a useful set of services for buyers and sellers in online marketplaces.
Managing knowledge flow in inter-organizational knowledge transfer: The dual hazard model

Moral hazards and cognitive hazards play as dual barriers in inter-organizational knowledge transfer. However, in order to overcome these dual barriers, the governance mechanisms of appropriation concern and coordination are designed to assist focal firm to facilitate knowledge flow for inter-organizational knowledge transfer. The main purpose of this study is to develop an inter-organizational knowledge transfer model for governing inter-organizational knowledge flow. For this purpose, this study explores and examines the governance determinants (coordination factors & appropriate factors), knowledge flow, and knowledge transfer performance of inter-organizational relationship in the high-tech sector. This study empirically tested the theoretical model at inter-organization level. The empirical setting is the semiconductor industry in Taiwan. Our findings suggest that the inter-organizational knowledge flow are influenced by coordination factors & appropriate factors and impact the collaborative knowledge sharing performance. Finally, in addition to discussing the theoretical and managerial implications of the research findings, this study compares related arguments in the literature to show that our framework offers a new way of conceptualizing research on governing inter-organizational knowledge flow and new directions for future research.
Can We Generalize from Student Experiments to the Real World in Political Science, Military Affairs, and International Relations?

The authors conducted an experiment with a group of military officers and replicated it with a group of students at a public university in the United States. The experimental scenario dealt with a decision problem in the area of counterterrorism. The authors found that while more than one-third of students recommended doing nothing, the overwhelming majority of military officers (more than 90 percent) recommended doing something. Also, military officers exhibited less maximizing and more satisfacing decision making than students. The results show that relying on experiments with students “playing” the role of real-world national security policy makers may bias the results. The two groups are, in fact, very different. Based on student samples, it is possible to accept propositions that would not be found with samples of elite decision makers and reject propositions that may be right. However, it is possible that students can be assigned to experiments where they represent the “public” and not elites.
Impact of Gamification on User's Knowledge-Sharing Practices: Relationships between Work Motivation, Performance Expectancy and Work Engagement

How to engage and motivate employees to share their knowledge has become one of the main organizational strategic goals. This study, supported by the Flow theory and Kahn’s theory of engagement, investigated how the impact of gamification on user’s knowledge-sharing practices. We ran an online survey of 147 participants from a large organization that implemented social engagement and motivational systems to leverage internal knowledgesharing practices. Our study revealed important drivers of job motivation (enjoyment, reciprocal benefit and recognition), which led to higher degree of job engagement and performance expectancy. From this study we derive important insights for practice and theory.
Modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and atherosclerosis by lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2

Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), also known as platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is a unique member of the phospholipase A2 superfamily. This enzyme is characterized by its ability to specifically hydrolyze PAF as well as glycerophospholipids containing short, truncated, and/or oxidized fatty acyl groups at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone. In humans, Lp-PLA2 circulates in active form as a complex with low- and high-density lipoproteins. Clinical studies have reported that plasma Lp-PLA2 activity and mass are strongly associated with atherogenic lipids and vascular risk. These observations led to the hypothesis that Lp-PLA2 activity and/or mass levels could be used as biomarkers of cardiovascular disease and that inhibition of the activity could offer an attractive therapeutic strategy. Darapladib, a compound that inhibits Lp-PLA2 activity, is anti-atherogenic in mice and other animals, and it decreases atherosclerotic plaque expansion in humans. However, disagreement continues to exist regarding the validity of Lp-PLA2 as an independent marker of atherosclerosis and a scientifically justified target for intervention. Circulating Lp-PLA2 mass and activity are associated with vascular risk, but the strength of the association is reduced after adjustment for basal concentrations of the lipoprotein carriers with which the enzyme associates. Genetic studies in humans harboring an inactivating mutation at this locus indicate that loss of Lp-PLA2 function is a risk factor for inflammatory and vascular conditions in Japanese cohorts. Consistently, overexpression of Lp-PLA2 has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties in animal models. This thematic review critically discusses results from laboratory and animal studies, analyzes genetic evidence, reviews clinical work demonstrating associations between Lp-PLA2 and vascular disease, and summarizes results from animal and human clinical trials in which administration of darapladib was tested as a strategy for the management of atherosclerosis.
Do Unconscious Beliefs Yield Knowledge

Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. Do unconscious beliefs yield knowledge? Autor(es): Augusto, Luís G. Publicado por: Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra, Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle. net/10316.2/33372 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.14195/0872-0851_35_5
A Systematic Review of Personality Trait Change Through Intervention

The current meta-analysis investigated the extent to which personality traits changed as a result of intervention, with the primary focus on clinical interventions. We identified 207 studies that had tracked changes in measures of personality traits during interventions, including true experiments and prepost change designs. Interventions were associated with marked changes in personality trait measures over an average time of 24 weeks (e.g., d = .37). Additional analyses showed that the increases replicated across experimental and nonexperimental designs, for nonclinical interventions, and persisted in longitudinal follow-ups of samples beyond the course of intervention. Emotional stability was the primary trait domain showing changes as a result of therapy, followed by extraversion. The type of therapy employed was not strongly associated with the amount of change in personality traits. Patients presenting with anxiety disorders changed the most, and patients being treated for substance use changed the least. The relevance of the results for theory and social policy are discussed.
Space-Time-Multiplexed Multi-Image Visible Light Positioning System Exploiting Pseudo-Miller-Coding for Smart Phones

Visible light communication-based schemes utilizing LED identifiers are among the most popular candidate solutions for indoor localization applications. In this paper, we design a comprehensive imaging visible light positioning system, which exploits off-the-shelf LED lamps and commercial user equipment employing a rolling shutter aided CMOS image sensor. More specifically, we first introduce an asynchronous oversampled multi-image detection scheme inspired by the rationale of Miller coding, which efficiently solves the synchronization problem in transmissions of LED identifiers. Then, a discrete Fourier transform aided LED flicker frequency detection algorithm is detailed for robust single-image detection. Furthermore, we extend the proposed method to a space-time-multiplexing framework, which improves the overall transmission rate and solves the problem of detecting the user’s moving direction. The notable advantages of the new solution are demonstrated through both practical measurements and computer simulations, exhibiting a robust transmit distance beyond three meters for continuous frames.
Bis(μ2-pyridine-2-carboxamide oximato)bis[(pyridine-2-carboxamide oxime)zinc] dinitrate

In the title dinuclear compound, [Zn2(C6H6N3O)2(C6H7N3O)2](NO3)2, the ZnII cation is N,N′-chelated by one pyridine-2-carboxamide oximate anion and one pyridine-2-carboxamide oxime molecule, and is further bridged by an oxime O atom from the adjacent pyridine-2-carboxamide oximate anion, forming a distorted trigonal bipyramidal coordination. Two pyridine-2-carboxamide oximate anions bridge two ZnII cations to form the centrosymmetric dinuclear molecule. Extensive O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are present in the crystal structure.
Addition of a general practitioner to the accident and emergency department: a cost-effective innovation in emergency care

Background Many patients visit the accident and emergency department (AED) on their own initiative, although their medical problem can be adequately treated by a general practitioner (GP). Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of addition of a GP to the AED (new care method) in comparison with usual care (usual care method). Methods This study followed a before/after design. Patients attending the AED without a referral on weekdays from 10:00 to 17:00 were invited to participate. Main outcome measures were process time, patient satisfaction and number of correct diagnoses. Costs were measured from a societal perspective. Bootstrapping was used to estimate uncertainty around differences in costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Cost-effectiveness planes and acceptability curves were presented. Results Addition of a GP to the AED resulted in significantly lower process time, significantly higher patient satisfaction and no statistically significant difference in the number of correct diagnoses. Total costs per patient were €217 in the new care period and €288 in the usual care period (mean difference −€71, 95% CI −121 to −23). The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that the new care method was dominant (more effective, less expensive) in comparison with the usual care method for process time and patient satisfaction. The new care method was considered cost-effective in comparison with the usual care method for ceiling ratios between €0 and €1363 for the number of correct diagnoses. Conclusion The new care method consisting of addition of a GP to the AED is cost-effective in comparison with usual care for all outcome parameters measured.
A Community-Wide Intervention to Improve Pedestrian Safety

An A-B-A reversal design with a long-term follow-up evaluated a community-wide commitment and incentive program to improve pedestrian safety. The campaign encouraged residents of a college community to sign promise cards to use crosswalks when crossing campus roads and to yield to pedestrians in crosswalks when driving. Crosswalk use increased during a 6-week intervention period to 68% (n = 1,718) from a baseline mean of 58% (n = 2,038). Driver-yielding behavior significantly increased throughout the study, from a baseline mean of 23% (n = 979) to a mean of 44% (n = 272) for 2 weeks after the removal of intervention materials and termination of publicity. Observations of crosswalk use and yielding behavior 1 year after the intervention revealed that crosswalk use returned to near baseline levels (61%, n = 1,954), but driver-yielding behavior (53%, n = 602) remained high, substantially above the baseline. Recommendations for institutionalizing pedestrian safety campaigns are offered.