Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fixed-Structure $H_{\infty}$  Controller Synthesis Based on Differential Evolution With Level Comparison

In this paper, the design of the fixed-structure robust controllers satisfying multiple H∞ performance criteria is formulated as a non-convex multidimensional constrained optimization problem. An effective differential evolution with level comparison (DELC) is proposed, which applies differential evolution for global searching and employs level comparison for constraint handling. The DELC is general and can be easily and directly applied to many kinds of reduced-order/fixed-structure controller synthesis problems without any conservative assumption about the objective function. Numerical simulations are carried out based on some typical problems, and the comparisons with existing methods demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed DELC algorithm.
Dynamical Networks : Analysis of P 2 P Networks

Peer-To-Peer(P2P) networks are becoming ubiquitious.There are different kinds of P2P architectures and each of the architecture has its own merit and demerits. Peers interact and make decisions based on the local information. This local decisions have impact on the global behavior of the network. As a part of this project, first we model the dynamics involved in the network construction phase and then we consider different kinds of p2p architecutes and explore the networks that are formed at the end of network-construction phase. We are interested in the graph properties like: diameter of the network, node clustering and if small world and scale-free properties are exchibited. Studying this would help us comment on the behaviour of the network during its regular P2P operations(resource lookup). Introduction A peer to peer (P2P) network is an overlay network. Unlike traditional client-server model, a peer in P2P network plays the role of both client and server. It acts as a client when it consumes resources of other peers and as a server when its resources are used by the other peers. For ease of resource-lookup all the resourses on the network are mapped onto resourceidentifier space. This is usually done by using some hash-functions. There are different peer-to-peer network architectures. • Centralized Structure:In this architecture, when a peer has some resource to share, it publishes this information on some central server. When it needs to consume a resource on the network, it searches the central server and once the destination-peer is identified, it contacts the destination peer for resource. Here the central-server acts as single source bottleneck. Napster[2] had this kind of architecture. This P2P architecture will not be studied in this project. • Unstructured P2P: Here each peer is connected to some number of random peers. Here there is nothing as distributed index. If a peer has to search for some resource it just floods the network. Gnutella[8] and FreeNet[3] are two such kinds of networks. Here there can be variation where a peers likes to connect to well connected peers rather than some random peers. ∗surenderreddy.yerva@epfl.ch
Heart rate discrimination viewed as a perceptual process: a replication and extension.

Two experiments are reported which investigate the efficacy of Ashton, White, and Hodgson's (1979) two‐alterative‐forced‐choice discrimination technique for training accuracy in perception of heart rate. In the first study, subjects were assigned to either a knowledge of results (KR) or no‐knowledge of results condition (noKR). In the second study a third condition, augmented feedback (AFB), was added. The two studies differed essentially in the timing of the commencement of training, and in the number of training sessions employed. Transfer of training was assessed in both studies by testing all subjects on a heartbeat discrimination task modified from Brener and Jones (1974). The pattern of results was consistent in indicating that providing subjects with information about the accuracy of their decisions is an effective means of training cardiac awareness, and that transfer of the trained awareness to a more commonly used exteroceptive discrimination procedure occurs. The data also point to the possibility that allowing subjects to “practice” prior to any training may be a procedural measure best avoided in discrimination training experiments. Copyright
Growing Linear Consensus Networks Endowed by Spectral Systemic Performance Measures

We propose an axiomatic approach for design and performance analysis of noisy linear consensus networks by introducing a notion of systemic performance measure. This class of measures are spectral functions of Laplacian eigenvalues of the network that are monotone, convex, and orthogonally invariant with respect to the Laplacian matrix of the network. It is shown that several existing gold-standard and widely used performance measures in the literature belong to this new class of measures. We build upon this new notion and investigate a general form of combinatorial problem of growing a linear consensus network via minimizing a given systemic performance measure. Two efficient polynomial-time approximation algorithms are devised to tackle this network synthesis problem: a linearization-based method and a simple greedy algorithm based on rank-one updates. Several theoretical fundamental limits on the best achievable performance for the combinatorial problem is derived that assist us to evaluate optimality gaps of our proposed algorithms. A detailed complexity analysis confirms the effectiveness and viability of our algorithms to handle large-scale consensus networks.
Incorporation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag proteins into murine leukemia virus virions

The retroviral Gag polyprotein is necessary and sufficient for assembly and budding of viral particles. However, the exact inter- and intramolecular interactions of the Gag polyproteins during this process are not known. To locate functional domains within Gag, we generated chimeric proviruses between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and murine leukemia virus (MuLV). In these chimeric proviruses, the matrix or capsid proteins of MuLV were precisely replaced with the matrix or capsid proteins of HIV-1. Although the chimeric proviruses were unable to efficiently assemble into mature viral particles by themselves, coexpression of wild-type MuLV Gag rescued the HIV proteins into virions. The specificity of the rescue of HIV proteins into MuLV virions shows that specific interactions involving homologous matrix or capsid regions of Gag are necessary for retroviral particle formation.
SEU Mitigation Techniques for Virtex FPGAs in Space Applications

SRAM based logic devices such as FPGAs have some susceptibility to SEU and functional interruption. This paper describes several reliable mitigation techniques for the Virtex series FPGA architecture, which will retain functional integrity while static upsets are detected and corrected. Additionally, this paper demonstrates how an SEU in an FPGA can be corrected in 3us without disrupting operation of the device, how to build hardened voting circuits, and that a single event has only 1 chance out of 3.25 million of causing a functional interrupt.
Numerical studies on dual-band electromagnetic energy harvesting with double-ring split-ring resonators

Recently, split-ring resonators (SRRs) have been studied as the receiving element for electromagnetic energy harvesting, or RF energy harvesting, for its electrically small size and electric field concentration at resonance. However, traditional single-ring SRR studied in literature possesses intrinsic single bandwidth, unfit for collecting ambient multi-band RF energy. This paper proposes a double-ring SRR to harvest dual-band RF energy at 0.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz. Numerical simulation shows that the coupling between the two rings plays a critical role in the harvesting efficiency and the reasons are analyzed regarding to the electrical size of SRR and the electric field distribution. By utilizing the coupling, the double-ring SRR shows the effectiveness of dual-band energy harvesting, with a simulated efficiency of 84% at 0.9 GHz and 47% at 2.4 GHz.
SGDLibrary: A MATLAB library for stochastic gradient descent algorithms

We consider the problem of finding the minimizer of a function $f: \mathbb{R}^d \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ of the form $\min f(w) = \frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}f_i({w})$. This problem has been studied intensively in recent years in machine learning research field. One typical but promising approach for large-scale data is stochastic optimization algorithm. SGDLibrary is a flexible, extensible and efficient pure-Matlab library of a collection of stochastic optimization algorithms. The purpose of the library is to provide researchers and implementers a comprehensive evaluation environment of those algorithms on various machine learning problems.
A fast clustering approach for effectively searching person specific image

Person-specific image searching and retrieval is an important issue in several areas, including biometrics, robot vision, human-computer interfaces and surveillance. A wildly accepted retrieval methods are always relevant with either large-scale features description or complicated classifiers design. In this paper a system using an image clustering method is presented, which enables fast approximate search based on person face image. First, for face detection, both skin color segmentation strategy and the AdaBoost algorithm have been employed. In clustering, different image streams have been achieved in unsupervised manner where no prior knowledge about the input sequence is required. The proposed system applied to a variety of image datasets with satisfactory performance was demonstrated by the experimental results. The proposed method is also highly efficient, since most computations can be out-sourced to the GPU and competitive with other systems presented recently in the literatures.
Fast growth of polycrystalline graphene by chemical vapor deposition of ethanol on copper

High conductive graphene films can be grown on metal foils by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). We here analyzed the use of ethanol, an economic precursor, which results also safer than commonly-used methane. A comprehensive range of process parameters were explored in order to obtain graphene films with optimal characteristics in view of their use in optoelectronics and photovoltaics. Commercially-available and electro-polished copper foils were used as substrates. By finely tuning the CVD conditions, we obtained few-layer (2-4) graphene films with good conductivity (~500 Ohm/sq) and optical transmittance around 92-94% at 550 nm on unpolished copper foils. The growth on electro-polished copper provides instead predominantly mono-layer films with lower conductivity (≥1000 Ohm/sq) and with a transmittance of 97.4% at 550 nm. As for the device properties, graphene with optimal properties as transparent conductive film were produced by CVD on standard copper with specific process conditions.
Psychological stress increases histone H3 phosphorylation in adult dentate gyrus granule neurons: involvement in a glucocorticoid receptor‐dependent behavioural response

Chromatin remodelling associated with transcriptional activation of silent genes involves phosphorylation at Serine‐10 and acetylation at Lysine‐14 in the N‐terminal tails of the nucleosomal protein histone H3. We have identified neurons predominantly in the dentate gyrus showing a speckled nuclear immunoreactivity pattern for phosphorylated histone H3 [i.e. P(Ser10)‐H3] and phospho‐acetylated histone H3 [i.e. P(Ser10)‐Ac(Lys14)‐H3]. Forced swimming increased the number of P(Ser10)‐H3‐positive [P(Ser10)‐H3+] neurons in the rat and mouse dentate gyrus. Exposure of mice to a predator had a similar effect, but exposing rats to ether vapour or a cold environment evoked no change in the number of P(Ser10)‐H3+ dentate neurons, indicating that the effect of stress on histone H3 phosphorylation is stressor‐specific. The forced swimming‐induced increase in dentate P(Ser10)‐H3+ neurons peaked at 8–24 h, was restricted to NeuN+ (i.e. mature) neurons, and occurred mainly in the middle and superficial aspects of the granular cell layer. Moreover, this increase showed stimulus strength dependency (i.e. swimming at 19 °C produced a larger increase than swimming at 25 °C) and could be blocked by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonists RU 38486 and ORG 34517. Under these experimental conditions, when the forced swimming‐induced behavioural immobility response was determined in a re‐test 24 h after the initial forced swim test, striking correlations were observed between the phosphorylation of histone H3 in dentate gyrus granule neurons and the acquired immobility response. Our data indicate that stressful events with a strong psychological component such as forced swimming evoke distinct GR‐dependent histone modifications in mature dentate gyrus granule neurons that may participate in the behavioural adaptation of the organism to this event.
Primate Dentition An Introduction to the Teeth of Non-human Primates

Now, we come to offer you the right catalogues of book to open. primate dentition an introduction to the teeth of non human primates is one of the literary work in this world in suitable to be reading material. That's not only this book gives reference, but also it will show you the amazing benefits of reading a book. Developing your countless minds is needed; moreover you are kind of people with great curiosity. So, the book is very appropriate for you.
Long-term efficacy of BCG vaccine in American Indians and Alaska Natives: A 60-year follow-up study.

CONTEXT The duration of protection from tuberculosis of BCG vaccines is not known. OBJECTIVE To determine the long-term duration of protection of a BCG vaccine that was previously found to be efficacious. DESIGN Retrospective record review using Indian Health Service records, tuberculosis registries, death certificates, and supplemental interviews with trial participants. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Follow-up for the period 1948-1998 among American Indians and Alaska Natives who participated in a placebo-controlled BCG vaccine trial during 1935-1938 and who were still at risk of developing tuberculosis. Data from 1483 participants in the BCG vaccine group and 1309 in the placebo group were analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Efficacy of BCG vaccine, calculated for each 10-year interval using a Cox regression model with time-dependent variables based on tuberculosis events occurring after December 31, 1947 (end of prospective case finding). RESULTS The overall incidence of tuberculosis was 66 and 138 cases per 100 000 person-years in the BCG vaccine and placebo groups, respectively, for an estimate of vaccine efficacy of 52% (95% confidence interval, 27%-69%). Adjustments for age at vaccination, tribe, subsequent BCG vaccination, chronic medical illness, isoniazid use, and bacille Calmette-Guérin strain did not substantially affect vaccine efficacy. There was slight but not statistically significant waning of the efficacy of BCG vaccination over time, greater among men than women. CONCLUSION In this trial, BCG vaccine efficacy persisted for 50 to 60 years, suggesting that a single dose of an effective BCG vaccine can have a long duration of protection.
HMO Penetration, Hospital Competition, and Growth of Ambulatory Surgery Centers

Using metropolitan statistical area (MSA) panel data from 1992-2001 constructed from the 2002 Medicare Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) System, we estimate the market effects of health maintenance organization (HMO) penetration and hospital competition on the growth of freestanding ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). Our regression models with MSA and year fixed effects suggest that a 10-percentage-point increase in HMO penetration is associated with a decrease of 3 ASCs per 1 million population. A decrease from 5 to 4 equal-market-shared hospitals in a market is associated with an increase of 2.5 ASCs per 1 million population.
Novel inorganic hydrogels for biomedical applications

This research work resulted in the development of novel inorganic nanocomposite hydrogels as an antibacterial agent. Novel inorganic hydrogels were developed from the Noveon® AA-l Polycarbophil with acrylamide. Inorganic nanoparticles were produced by the nucleation of Ag+ and Au3+ salts with extracts of mint leaf that formed within the hydrogels system. The characterizations of the hydrogels developed were done using, various electron microscopy such as scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis and Transmission electron microscopy. Theses nanocomposite hydrogels were examined for their antibacterial activities against to E coli which indicate that these nanocomposite hydrogels can be used as possible candidates for advanced biomedical applications.
Overcoming the Interface Losses in Planar Heterojunction Perovskite‐Based Solar Cells

UNLABELLED A scalable, hysteresis-free and planar architecture perovskite solar cell is presented, employing a flame spray synthesized low-temperature processed NiO (LT-NiO) as hole-transporting layer yielding efficiencies close to 18%. Importantly, it is found that LT-NiO boosts the limits of open-circuit voltages toward an impressive non-radiative voltage loss of 0.226 V only, whereas PEDOT PSS suffers from significant large non-radiative recombination losses.
Lack of Awareness of Fluid Needs Among Participants at a Midwest Marathon

Background: Marathon running has become popular, particularly among inexperienced runners. Hypothesis: Many marathoners are inexperienced and lack concern for potential complications of marathon running. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Methods: In sum, 419 runners completed a survey on a variety of topics regarding training for a marathon and hydration strategies. Results: Overall, 211 females (38.3 ± 9.1 years old) and 208 males (41.6 ± 11.0 years old) participated. They trained for 6.8 ± 4.3 months and had run for 9.8 ± 9.1 years; 33.5% had no marathon experience and 16.9% had run 1 marathon. Of the injuries reported, 77.6% and 72.9% were minor musculoskeletal injuries during the current and previous running seasons, respectively. Of the 278 runners who had run a marathon, 54 (19.0%) had been treated in the medical tent, 31.5% of whom for dehydration. Furthermore, 54.9% and 64.3% of the survey participants were “not at all” concerned with musculoskeletal injury and hyponatremia, respectively. Also, 88.7% did not know their sweat rate; 67.8% did not weigh themselves; and 81.3% had no other method of hydration assessment. No significant correlations were found between concern for hyponatremia and age, sex, or experience. Conclusions: Most participants were inexperienced, lacked concern for injury or hyponatremia, and were not using methods of hydration assessment.
Binding of the Epstein-Barr virus major envelope glycoprotein gp350 results in the upregulation of the TNF-alpha gene expression in monocytic cells via NF-kappaB involving PKC, PI3-K and tyrosine kinases.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus that interacts with various immunocompetent cells that carry the EBV receptor (CD21/CR2). EBV binds to CR2 through its major envelope glycoprotein 350 (gp350). Previously we had demonstrated that EBV and other human herpesviruses are capable of modulating cytokine synthesis through the deregulated expression of cytokine genes interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Here we show that, in contrast to infectious EBV, purified recombinant gp350 upregulates TNF-alpha gene expression in human monocyte/macrophages (M/M) as well as in a monocytoid cell line, U937. Our results also demonstrate that this increased expression is due to both enhanced transcription and stability of TNF-alpha mRNA in gp350-treated cells. The specificity of this effect is evidenced by the fact that pre-incubation of cells with anti-CR2 monoclonal antibody OKB7, which blocks binding of gp350 to CR2, inhibits the above mentioned effects of gp350. Furthermore, we demonstrate that activation of TNF-alpha by gp350 is mediated by NF-kappaB through signal transduction pathways involving PKC, PI3-K and tyrosine kinases. To our knowledge this is the first report describing the modulation of TNF-alpha gene expression by the EBV-gp350 molecule following its interaction with the viral receptor CR2 on cells of the monocytic lineage.
Catalytic Effectiveness of Human Aldose Reductase

Human aldose reductase and aldehyde reductase are members of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily that share three domains of homology and nonhomologous COOH-terminal region. The two enzymes catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds. To probe the function of the domains and investigate the basis for substrate specificity, we interchanged cDNA fragments encoding the NHz-terminal domains of aldose and aldehyde reductase. A chimeric enzyme (CH1,317 residues) was constructed in which the first 71 residues of aldose reductase were replaced with first 73 residues of aldehyde reductase. Catalytic effectiveness (kcaJKm) of CH1 for the reduction of various substrates remained virtually identical to wild-type aldose reductase, changing a maximal 4fold. Deletion of the 13-residue COOH-terminal end of aldose reductase, yielded a mutant enzyme (ARA3~3--31~) with markedly decreased catalytic effectiveness for uncharged substrates ranging from 80to more than 600-fold (average 300-fold). The KmNADPH of CH1 and ARA303-ala were nearly identical to that of the wildtype enzyme indicating that cofactor binding is unaffected. The truncated ARA303-315 displayed a NADPH/ D isotope effect in kc, and an increased D(kcat/Km) value for DL-glyceraldehyde, suggesting that hydride transfer has become partially rate-limiting for the overall reaction. We conclude that the COOH-terminal domain of aldose reductase is crucial to the proper orientation of substrates in the active site.
On the accuracy of classifying hospitals on their performance measures

The evaluation, comparison, and public report of health care provider performance is essential to improving the quality of health care. Hospitals, as one type of provider, are often classified into quality tiers (e.g., top or suboptimal) based on their performance data for various purposes. However, potential misclassification might lead to detrimental effects for both consumers and payers. Although such risk has been highlighted by applied health services researchers, a systematic investigation of statistical approaches has been lacking. We assess and compare the expected accuracy of several commonly used classification methods: unadjusted hospital‐level averages, shrinkage estimators under a random‐effects model accommodating between‐hospital variation, and two others based on posterior probabilities. Assuming that performance data follow a classic one‐way random‐effects model with unequal sample size per hospital, we derive accuracy formulae for these classification approaches and gain insight into how the misclassification might be affected by various factors such as reliability of the data, hospital‐level sample size distribution, and cutoff values between quality tiers. The case of binary performance data is also explored using Monte Carlo simulation strategies. We apply the methods to real data and discuss the practical implications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.