Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism and other Complications after Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty in Patients With a History of Prostate or Breast Cancer.

INTRODUCTION As cancer treatments continue to improve the overall survival rates, more patients with a history of cancer will present for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Therefore, it is essential for orthopaedic surgeons to understand the differences in care required by this growing subpopulation. Although the current research suggests that good outcomes can be predicted when appropriately optimized patients with cancer undergo lower extremity total joint arthroplasty, similar studies for TSA are lacking. The primary study question was to examine whether a history of cancer was associated with an increased rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after TSA. Secondarily, we sought to examine any association between a history of prostate and breast cancer and surgical or medical complications after TSA. METHODS Using a national insurance database, male patients with a history of prostate cancer and female patients with a history of breast cancer undergoing anatomic TSA for primary osteoarthritis were identified and compared with control subjects matched 3:1 based on age, sex, diabetes mellitus, and tobacco use. Patients with a history of VTE and patients who underwent reverse TSA or hemiarthroplasty were excluded. RESULTS Female patients with a history of breast cancer and male patients with a history of prostate cancer undergoing TSA had significantly higher incidences of acute VTE (including deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) compared with matched control subjects (female patients: odds ratio, 1.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.81; P = 0.024 and male patients: odds ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.79; P = 0.023). No significant differences were noted in the incidences of any other complications assessed. CONCLUSION Although a personal history of these malignancies does represent a statistically significant risk factor for acute VTE after anatomic TSA, the overall VTE rate remains modest and acceptable. The rates of other surgical and medical complications are not significantly increased in patients with a history of these cancers after TSA compared with control subjects.
Planck 2018 results. IX. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

We analyse the Planck full-mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). We compare estimates obtained from separable template-fitting, binned, and modal bispectrum estimators, finding consistent values for the local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes. Our combined temperature and polarization analysis produces the following results: f_NL^local = -0.9 +\- 5.1; f_NL^equil = -26 +\- 47; and f_NL^ortho = - 38 +\- 24 (68%CL, statistical). These results include the low-multipole (4 <= l < 40) polarization data, not included in our previous analysis, pass an extensive battery of tests, and are stable with respect to our 2015 measurements. Polarization bispectra display a significant improvement in robustness; they can now be used independently to set NG constraints. We consider a large number of additional cases, e.g. scale-dependent feature and resonance bispectra, isocurvature primordial NG, and parity-breaking models, where we also place tight constraints but do not detect any signal. The non-primordial lensing bispectrum is detected with an improved significance compared to 2015, excluding the null hypothesis at 3.5 sigma. We present model-independent reconstructions and analyses of the CMB bispectrum. Our final constraint on the local trispectrum shape is g_NLl^local = (-5.8 +\-6.5) x 10^4 (68%CL, statistical), while constraints for other trispectra are also determined. We constrain the parameter space of different early-Universe scenarios, including general single-field models of inflation, multi-field and axion field parity-breaking models. Our results provide a high-precision test for structure-formation scenarios, in complete agreement with the basic picture of the LambdaCDM cosmology regarding the statistics of the initial conditions (abridged).
Grb7, a Critical Mediator of EGFR/ErbB Signaling, in Cancer Development and as a Potential Therapeutic Target

The partner of activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), growth factor receptor bound protein-7 (Grb7), a functionally multidomain adaptor protein, has been demonstrated to be a pivotal regulator for varied physiological and pathological processes by interacting with phospho-tyrosine-related signaling molecules to affect the transmission through a number of signaling pathways. In particular, critical roles of Grb7 in erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog (ERBB) family-mediated cancer development and malignancy have been intensively evaluated. The overexpression of Grb7 or the coamplification/cooverexpression of Grb7 and members of the ERBB family play essential roles in advanced human cancers and are associated with decreased survival and recurrence of cancers, emphasizing Grb7′s value as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. Peptide inhibitors of Grb7 are being tested in preclinical trials for their possible therapeutic effects. Here, we review the molecular, functional, and clinical aspects of Grb7 in ERBB family-mediated cancer development and malignancy with the aim to reveal alternative and effective therapeutic strategies.
The Effects of Apigenin-Biosynthesized Ultra-Small Platinum Nanoparticles on the Human Monocytic THP-1 Cell Line

Generally, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) are considered non-toxic; however, toxicity depends on the size, dose, and physico-chemical properties of materials. Owing to unique physico-chemical properties, PtNPs have emerged as a material of interest for several biomedical applications, particularly therapeutics. The adverse effect of PtNPs on the human monocytic cell line (THP-1) is not well-established and remains elusive. Exposure to PtNPs may trigger oxidative stress and eventually lead to inflammation. To further understand the toxicological properties of PtNPs, we studied the effect of biologically synthesized ultra-small PtNPs on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and proinflammatory responses in the human monocytic cell line (THP-1). Our observations clearly indicated that PtNPs induce cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner by reducing cell viability and proliferation. The cytotoxicity of THP-1 cells correlated with an increase in the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, generation of reactive oxygen species, and production of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and carbonylated proteins. The involvement of mitochondria in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity was confirmed by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, lower ATP level, and upregulation of proapoptotic and downregulation of antiapoptotic genes. Decreases in the levels of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSH: GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thioredoxin (TRX) were indicative of oxidative stress. Apoptosis was confirmed with the significant upregulation of key apoptosis-regulating genes. Oxidative DNA damage was confirmed by the increase in the levels of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoG and upregulation of DNA damage and repair genes. Finally, the proinflammatory responses to PtNPs was determined by assessing the levels of multiple cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). All the cytokines were significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, these observations suggest that THP-1 cells were vulnerable to biologically synthesized ultra-small PtNPs.
Primary breast cancer in a patient with Wilson disease

Rationale: Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease in which the patient usually has a reduced risk of developing cancer. In particular, with the exception of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, the incidence of cancer is significantly lower in WD patients compared with the general population. This case study presents a rare case of WD complicated with primary breast cancer. Patient concerns: A 40-year-old woman who was diagnosed with WD at 25 years of age found a lump in her left breast. She has a family history of cancer. Diagnoses: Ultrasound and mammography results were highly suggestive of a malignant lesion. After core needle biopsy, it was confirmed that she had invasive breast cancer. Interventions: A modified radical mastectomy was performed for the left breast. As the tumor was defined as a stage IIa triple negative breast cancer, the patient would have been recommended epirubicin/cyclophosphamide + docetaxel for 8 cycles if WD was not a comorbidity. As the patient had cirrhosis and abnormal liver function, she was given paclitaxel weekly for 6 cycles instead. Outcomes: The patient showed good tolerance, and has not had a recurrence in 2 years. Lessons: We reviewed the literature for studies of patients with WD complicated with cancers, and to our knowledge, this is the first report on WD complicated with breast cancer. The patient received chemotherapy even with liver dysfunction, which suggests that patients with WD can be safely treated with paclitaxel chemotherapy under close surveillance.
LiDAR-Camera Calibration Under Arbitrary Configurations: Observability and Methods

LiDAR-camera calibration is a precondition for many multi-sensor systems that fuse data from LiDAR and camera. However, the constraint from common field of view and the requirement for time synchronization make the calibration a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a novel LiDAR-camera calibration method aiming to eliminate these two constraints. Specifically, we capture a scan of 3-D LiDAR when both the environment and the sensors are stationary, then move the camera to reconstruct the 3-D environment using the sequentially obtained images. Finally, we align 3-D visual points to the laser scan based on a tightly couple graph optimization method to calculate the extrinsic parameter between LiDAR and camera. Under this design, the configuration of these two sensors is free from the common field-of-view constraint due to the extended view from the moving camera. In addition, we also eliminate the requirement for time synchronization as we only use the single scan of laser data when the sensors are stationary. We theoretically derive the conditions of minimal observability for our method and prove that the accuracy of calibration is improved by collecting more observations from multiple scattered calibration targets. In addition, the proposed method is beneficial to not only plane measurement error-based calibration targets, such as chessboards, but also other point measurement error-based calibration targets, such as boxes and polygonal boards. We validate our method on both simulation and real-world data sets. Experiments show that our method achieves higher accuracy than other comparable methods, which is in accordance with our theoretical analysis.
Glaciations, gradients, and geography: multiple drivers of diversification of bush frogs in the Western Ghats Escarpment

The historical processes underlying high diversity in tropical biodiversity hotspots like the Western Ghats of Peninsular India remain poorly understood. We sampled bush frogs on 13 massifs across the Western Ghats Escarpment and examined the relative influence of Quaternary glaciations, ecological gradients and geological processes on the spatial patterns of lineage and clade diversification. The results reveal a large in situ radiation (more than 60 lineages), exhibiting geographical structure and clade-level endemism, with two deeply divergent sister clades, North and South, highlighting the biogeographic significance of an ancient valley, the Palghat Gap. A majority of the bush frog sister lineages were isolated on adjacent massifs, and signatures of range stasis provide support for the dominance of geological processes in allopatric speciation. In situ diversification events within the montane zones (more than 1800 m) of the two highest massifs suggest a role for climate-mediated forest-grassland persistence. Independent transitions along elevational gradients among sub-clades during the Miocene point to diversification along the elevational gradient. The study highlights the evolutionary significance of massifs in the Western Ghats with the high elevations acting as centres of lineage diversification and the low- and mid-elevations of the southern regions, with deeply divergent lineages, serving as museums.
Interleukin 2: A Class of T Cell Growth Factors

ABBREVIATIONS: IL 1 IL 2 Con A CTL HT FCS DEAE lEF LAF LPS MTLC pi PHA SRBC TCGF TSF TRF Interleukin 1 Interleukin 2 Concanavalin A cytotoxic T lymphocytes helper T lymphocytes fetal calf serum diethyl-amino-ethyl isoelectric focusing lymphocyte activating factor E. coli lipopolysaccharide mixed tumor-lymphocyte culture isoelectric point phytohemagglutinin sheep erythrocytes T cell growth factor thymocyte stimulating factor T cell-replacing factor
Yixinshu capsule combined with conventional treatment for chronic heart failure

Background: Yixinshu Capsule is widely utilized in Asia for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) as a conventional drug, but a comprehensive conclusion is lacking. Here, we will provide a protocol to perform a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis to evaluate the efficacy of Yixinshu Capsule combined with conventional treatment for chronic heart failure. Methods: We will conduct a thorough search in six databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science Journal Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical and Medical Database (CBM). Inclusion criteria will be randomized control trials (RCTs) with one group receiving Yixinshu Capsule based on conventional treatment and another group receiving conventional treatment alone. Modified Jadad scale and Cochrane's risk of bias assessment will be used to assess methodological quality. Only studies with modified Jadad scale score ≥3 will be included in meta-analysis for efficacy, which will be defined as moderate methodological quality. The total effective rate will be considered as the primary outcome and the secondary outcome will include mortality, rehospitalized rate, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-minute walking distance, E/A, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), BNP, and NT-proBNP. We will conduct trial sequential analysis to evaluate the reliability of the primary outcome. Results: This study will provide a rational synthesis of current evidences for Yixinshu Capsule on chronic heart failure. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study will provide evidence for judging the efficacy of Yixinshu Capsule on chronic heart failure. Registration: PROS-PERO CRD42019119612.
Crystal structures of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase: binary thioNADP+ and ternary thioNADP+.biopterin complexes.

The role of the 3'-carboxamide substituent of NADPH in the reduction of pteridine substrates as catalyzed by dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3, DHFR) has been investigated by determining crystal structures at 2.3 A of chicken liver DHFR in a binary complex with oxidized thionicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (thioNADP+) and in a ternary complex with thioNADP+ and biopterin. These structures are isomorphous with those previously reported for chicken liver DHFR [Volz, K.W. , Matthews, D.A. , Alden, R.A. , Freer, S. T. , Hansch, C. , Kaufman, B. T. , & Kraut, J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2528-2536]. ThioNADPH, which has a 3'-carbothioamide substituent in place of a 3'-carboxamide, functions very poorly as a coenzyme for DHFR [Williams, T. J., Lee, T. K. , & Dunlap, R. B. (1977) Arch, Biochem. Biophys. 181, 569-579; Stone, S. R. , Mark, A. , & Morrison, J. F. (1984) Biochemistry 23, 4340-4346]. Comparisons show that, while NADP+ and NADPH bind to DHFR with the pyridine ring and 3'-carboxamide coplanar, the thioamide group is twisted by 23 degrees from the pyridine plane in both the binary and ternary complexes. This twist appears to be due to steric conflict between the thioamide sulfur atom and both the pyridine ring at C4 and the adjacent protein backbone at Ala-9. It results in an unfavorably close contact between the sulfur and the biopterin pteridine ring (0.9 A less than the van der Waals separation) which, on the basis of the refined structure, greatly destabilizes the binding of biopterin. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
On Adaptation Cost and Tractability in Robust Adaptive Radiation Therapy Optimization.

PURPOSE In this paper, a framework for online robust adaptive radiation therapy (ART) is discussed and evaluated. The purpose of the presented approach to ART is to: (i) handle interfractional geometric variations following a probability distribution different from the a priori hypothesis, (ii) address adaptation cost and (iii) address computational tractability. METHODS A novel framework for online robust ART using the concept of Bayesian inference and scenario-reduction is introduced and evaluated in a series of simulated cases on a one-dimensional phantom geometry. The initial robust plan is generated from a robust optimization problem based on either expected-value- or worst-case-optimization approach using the a priori hypothesis of the probability distribution governing the interfractional geometric variations. Throughout the course of treatment, the simulated interfractional variations are evaluated in terms of their likelihood with respect to the a priori hypothesis of their distribution and violation of user-specified tolerance limits by the accumulated dose. If an adaptation is considered, the a posteriori distribution is computed from the actual variations using Bayesian inference. Then, the adapted plan is optimized to better suit the actual interfractional variations of the individual case. This adapted plan is used until the next adaptation is triggered. To address adaptation cost, the proposed framework provides an option for increased adaptation frequency. Computational tractability in robust planning and ART is addressed by an approximation algorithm to reduce the size of the optimization problem. RESULTS According to the simulations, the proposed framework may improve target coverage compared to the corresponding non-adaptive robust approach. In particular, Bayesian inference may be useful to individualize plans to the actual interfractional variations. Concerning adaptation cost, the results indicate that mathematical methods like Bayesian inference may have a greater impact on improving individual treatment quality than increased adaptation frequency. In addition, the simulations suggest that the concept of scenario-reduction may be useful to address computational tractability in ART and robust planning in general. CONCLUSIONS The simulations indicate that the adapted plans may improve target coverage and OAR protection at manageable adaptation and computational cost within the novel framework. In particular, adaptive strategies using Bayesian inference appear to perform best among all strategies. This proof-of-concept study provides insights into the mathematical aspects of robustness, tractability, and ART, which are a useful guide for further development of frameworks for online robust ART.
Influence of depressive feelings in the brain processing of women with fibromyalgia

Abstract Depression is one of the most common mental health problems which affects more than 10% of the global population. The prevalence of this disorder is higher in fibromyalgia patients. However, the influence of the combination of depression and fibromyalgia in the brain processing is poorly understood. To explore the modifications of EEG power spectrum in women with fibromyalgia when depressive feelings are elicited. Twenty eight women with fibromyalgia participated in this cross-sectional study. They were classified as women with depression or women without depression according to the score in the Geriatric Depression Scale. This questionnaire was used to elicit depression symptoms during the EEG recording. Analyses were performed with the standardized LOw Resolution Electric Tomography (sLORETA) software. Power spectrum were compared in the following frequency bands: delta, theta, alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-2, and beta-3. Fibromyalgia patients with untreated depression showed a hypoactivation of the left hemisphere when compared with fibromyalgia patients without depression. In addition, when compared fibromyalgia patients without depression and women with both fibromyalgia and depression who were taking antidepressant medications, differences in EEG power spectrum in the studied frequency bands were not found. The current study contributes to the understanding on the influence of the combination of fibromyalgia and depression in the brain activity patterns. Patients with untreated depression showed a hypoactivation of the left hemisphere while eliciting depression symptoms. However, further research is needed, antidepressant medication might reduce the differences between patients with depression and those who do not suffer from depression symptoms.
A Graph-Based Decoding Model for Incomplete fMRI Functional Alignment

Aggregating multi-subject fMRI data is indispensable for generating valid and general inferences from patterns distributed across human brains. The disparities in anatomical structures and functional topographies of human brains call for aligning fMRI data across subjects. However, the existing functional alignment methods cannot tackle various kinds of fMRI datasets today, especially when they are incomplete, i.e., some of the subjects probably lack the responses to some stimuli, or different subjects might follow different sequences of stimuli. In this paper, a cross-subject graph that depicts the (dis)similarities between samples across subjects is taken as prior information for developing a more flexible framework that suits an assortment of fMRI datasets. However, the high dimension of fMRI data and the use of multiple subjects makes the crude framework time-consuming or unpractical. Therefore, we regularize the framework so that a feasible kernel-based optimization, which permits non-linear feature extraction, could be theoretically developed. Specifically, a low-dimension assumption is imposed on each new feature space to avoid overfitting caused by the high-spatial-low-temporal resolution of fMRI data. Empirical studies confirm that the proposed method under both incompleteness and completeness can achieve better performance than other stateof-the-art functional alignment methods under completeness.