Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Practical Robust Communication in DHTs Tolerating a Byzantine Adversary

There are several analytical results on distributed hash tables (DHTs) that can tolerate Byzantine faults. Unfortunately, in such systems, operations such as data retrieval and message sending incur significant communication costs. For example, a simple scheme used in many Byzantine fault-tolerant DHT constructions of $n$ nodes requires $O(\log^{3}n)$ messages, this is likely impractical for real-world applications. The previous best known message complexity is $O(\log^2{n})$ {\it in expectation}, however, the corresponding protocol suffers from prohibitive costs owing to hidden constants in the asymptotic notation and setup costs. In this paper, we focus on reducing the communication costs against a computationally bounded adversary. We employ threshold cryptography and distributed key generation to define two protocols both of which are more efficient than existing solutions. In comparison, our first protocol is {\it deterministic} with $O(\log^2{}n)$ message complexity and our second protocol is randomized with expected $O(\log{n})$ message complexity. Further, both the hidden constants and setup costs for our protocols are small and no trusted third party is required. Finally, we present results from micro benchmarks conducted over PlanetLab showing that our protocols are practical for deployment under significant levels of churn and adversarial behaviour.
The electric power source structure optimization based on capital investment efficiency

In this paper, a novel electric power source structure optimization (EPSSO) scheme is proposed to achieve the sustainable development objectives of economic growth, electricity demand and environmental protection. Different from power generation expansion planning (PGEP), the proposed EPSSO method evaluates the optimal investment scheme for a long-term power generation expansion from the viewpoints of macro-economy. By adjusting the proportion of renewable power generating units at a more appropriate time, it can promote the efficiency of national capital with the constraint of CO2 emissions. The basic idea of this method is to combine the conventional objective function with the capital efficiency which is often used as a repressor of economic growth. At last, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to solve the highly nonlinear combinatorial problem of EPSSO and a numerical case is present to demonstrate the feasibility of this scheme based on the background of China.
Generation of multiple simultaneous beams with a modified Blass matrix

This paper presents a microstrip beamforming network based on the ladder network or Blass matrix concept. The objective of this experimental work is to investigate the possibilities of developing a low cost beamformer that can generate a number of beams. It is envisaged that such beamformers will be quite useful for small arrays producing multiple simultaneous beams.
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The role of corruption in reintegration: experiences of Iraqi Kurds upon return from Europe

ABSTRACT This article examines how corruption affects reintegration. The literature on return and reintegration shows that return migrants often struggle to adjust and adapt to life in their place of origin because that environment can be very different from what they grew accustomed to abroad. One stark difference is the prevalence and meaning of corruption. In many sending countries that migrants come from and then return to, corruption is endemic. By contrast, in many receiving countries that migrants go to and return from, it is incidental. Yet, we know little about how the discrepancy affects reintegration. This study examines how corruption affects the psychosocial and economic reintegration of Iraqi Kurds returning to Iraqi Kurdistan from Norway and the United Kingdom. Interviews with returnees reveal that they consider corruption a major challenge for their own reintegration. Psychosocially, it alienates them from the ideology of the Kurdish nation-building project, challenges their identities, undermines a sense of belonging and creates insecurity. Economically, it shapes economic behaviour and outcomes by obstructing entrepreneurship, producing relative deprivation and conditioning their employability.
Teaching the balanced scorecard through simulation

Kaplan and Norton introduced the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) which is based on a systems perspective of the business strategy and performance measurement. Many organizations around the world are using the BSC to define, implement and manage strategy. Nevertheless there exist studies that identify problems and limitations associated with the implementation and use of the BSC. Those studies show in general terms that managers do not understand the BSC as the measures and perspectives in use are fairly independent, and do not always mirror the recommended cause-and-effect logic included in the systems perspective of the BSC approach. This article addresses the effectiveness of teaching the Balanced Scorecard by means of business simulation. An experiment that uses a business simulator is performed for testing a set of hypotheses about the influence of simulation on the students’ understanding of the BSC. The simulation experience was specifically designed by the authors to promote understanding of the BSC concepts. Student feedback and assessment showed that the simulation significantly enhanced the understanding of the BSC concepts related to the strategic management and double-loop learning processes and the systems perspective. Results also suggested that understanding of those BSC concepts positively influences simulation performance.
Bounded Dynamic Programming for Decentralized POMDPs

Solving decentralized POMDPs (DEC-POMDPs) optimally is a very hard problem. As a result, several approximate algorithms have been developed, but these do not have satisfactory error bounds. In this paper, we first discuss optimal dynamic programming and some approximate finite horizon DEC-POMDP algorithms. We then present a bounded dynamic programming algorithm. Given a problem and an error bound, the algorithm will return a solution within that bound when it is able to solve the problem. We give a proof of this bound and provide some experimental results showing high quality solutions to large DEC-POMDPs for large horizons.
Automating software tests with partial oracles in integrated environments

The oracle problem is an essential part in current research on automating software tests. Partial oracles seem to be a viable solution, but their suitability for different testing steps and general applicability for various systems remains still to be shown. In the present paper a study is presented in which partial oracles are applied in order to automatically test an image processing application in an integrated environment. Furthermore, the efficiency of these partial oracles is measured by means of Mutation Analysis to determine their adequacy for this purpose.
Outcome measurement using naturalistic language samples: A feasibility pilot study using language transcription software and speech and language therapy assistants

The ultimate aim of intervention for children with language impairment is an improvement in their functional language skills. Baseline and outcome measurement of this is often problematic however and practitioners commonly resort to using formal assessments that may not adequately reflect the child’s competence. Language sampling, transcription and analysis provide a more thorough and realistic picture of a child’s abilities but are time consuming and usually considered unfeasible in the typical clinic setting. This article reports on a pilot study in which a speech and language therapy assistant (SLTA) carried out language transcription using language analysis software. Following a brief initial training period, the SLTA carried out transcriptions on 17 language samples at two time periods. Reliability between a speech and language therapist and the assistant’s transcriptions were calculated and were found to be acceptable for the majority of measures taken. The use of software by assistants is proposed as a viable alternative for outcome measurement of naturalistic language skills.
Consumer mobility and well-being among changing places and shifting ethnicities

(Market)places are spatial entities which individuals and groups might experience as meaningful. By highlighting the role of place in ethnic consumer research, this article argues that increased mobility and changing places render relatively stable notions of ethnicity outdated. We identify three main trajectories to revitalize future research on ethnicity. First, we demonstrate the need for research on ethnic identity to be underpinned by a better understanding of the role of place in identity processes. Second, we contend that the established migration/acculturation paradigm should be replaced by the mobility/adaptiveness paradigm. Third, we consider the profound effects of interethnic contact among mobile and immobile populations within shared places on individual and societal well-being.
The Routledge Companion to Critical Management Studies

Foreword (Stewart Clegg) Part I: Introduction 1. Debating Knowledge: Rethinking Critical Management Studies in a Changing World (Anshuman Prasad, Pushkala Prasad, Albert J. Mills and Jean Helms Mills) Part II: Critique and its (Dis-) Contents 2. Critical Management Scholarship: A Satirical Critique of Three Narrative Histories (Albert J. Mills and Jean Helms Mills) 3. An Ethic of Care within Critical Management Studies? (Emma Bell, Susan Merilainen, Scott Taylor and Janne Tienari) 4. Critical Performativity: The Happy End of Critical Management Studies? (Sverre Spoelstra and Peter Svensson) 5. A Rebel without a Cause? (Re)Claiming the Question of The 'Political' in Critical Management Studies (Ajnesh Prasad) Part III: Difference, Otherness, Marginality 6. Fringe Benefits? Revisi(ti)ng the Relationship between Feminism and Critical Management Studies (Karen Lee Ashcraft) 7. Humility and the Challenge to De-Colonize the 'Critical' in Critical Management Studies (Janet L. Borgerson) 8: Sexualities and/in 'Critical' Management Studies (Jeff Hearn, Charlotte Holgersson and Marjut Jyrkinen) 9. Power Failure: The Short Life and Premature Death of Critical 'Diversity' Research (Roy Jacques) Part IV: Knowledge at the Crossroads 10. Towards Decolonizing Modern Western Structures of Knowledge: A Postcolonial Interrogation of (Critical) Management Studies (Anshuman Prasad) 11. Debating Critical Management Studies and Global Management Knowledge (Gavin Jack) 12. Rethinking Market-ing Orientation: A Critical Perspective From an Emerging Economy (Alexandre Faria) 13. Social Movements and Organizations through a Critical Management Studies Lens: Metaphor, Mechanism, Mobilization, or More? (Maureen Scully) 14. The Usual Suspects? Putting Plagiarism 2.0 in its Place (J. Michael Cavanaugh) 15. Teaching Management Critically: Classroom Practices under Rival Paradigms (Gabriela Coronado) Part V: History and Discourse 16: History of-in-and Critical Management Studies (Terrance Weatherbee) 17. Let them Eat Ethics: Hiding behind Corporate Social Responsibility in the Age of Financialization (Richard Marens) 18. Towards a Genealogy of Humanitarianism:Revealing (Neo-) Colonialism in Organizational Practice (Adam Rostis) 19. Deconstructive Criticism and Critical Management Studies (Steve McKenna and Amanda Peticca-Harris) Part VI: Global Predicaments 20: The 'Iron' in the Iron Cage: Retheorizing the Multinational Corporation as a Colonial Space (Raza Mir and Ali Mir) 21: "We're not talking to people, we're talking to a nation:" Crossing Borders in Transnational Customer Service Work (Kiran Mirchandani) 22. Microfinance: A Neoliberal Instrument or a Site of the 'Other's' Resistance and Contestation? (Nimruji Jammulamadaka) 23. Exceptional Opportunities: Hierarchies of Race and Nation in the United States Peace Corps Recruitment Materials (Jenna N. Hanchey) 24. American Soft Imperialism and Management Education in Brazil: A Postcolonial Critique (Rafael Alcadipani)
Locus: Locating bugs from software changes

Various information retrieval (IR) based techniques have been proposed recently to locate bugs automatically at the file level. However, their usefulness is often compromised by the coarse granularity of files and the lack of contextual information. To address this, we propose to locate bugs using software changes, which offer finer granularity than files and provide important contextual clues for bug-fixing. We observe that bug inducing changes can facilitate the bug fixing process. For example, it helps triage the bug fixing task to the developers who committed the bug inducing changes or enables developers to fix bugs by reverting these changes. Our study further identifies that change logs and the naturally small granularity of changes can help boost the performance of IR-based bug localization. Motivated by these observations, we propose an IR-based approach Locus to locate bugs from software changes, and evaluate it on six large open source projects. The results show that Locus outperforms existing techniques at the source file level localization significantly. MAP and MRR in particular have been improved, on average, by 20.1% and 20.5%, respectively. Locus is also capable of locating the inducing changes within top 5 for 41.0% of the bugs. The results show that Locus can significantly reduce the number of lines needing to be scanned to locate the bug compared with existing techniques.
Phase I and pharmacological study of cytarabine and tanespimycin in relapsed and refractory acute leukemia

Background In preclinical studies the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor tanespimycin induced down-regulation of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and other client proteins as well as increased sensitivity of acute leukemia cells to cytarabine. We report here the results of a phase I and pharmacological study of the cytarabine + tanespimycin combination in adults with recurrent or refractory acute leukemia. Design and Methods Patients received cytarabine 400 mg/m2/day continuously for 5 days and tanespimycin infusions at escalating doses on days 3 and 6. Marrow mononuclear cells harvested before therapy, immediately prior to tanespimycin, and 24 hours later were examined by immunoblotting for Hsp70 and multiple Hsp90 clients. Results Twenty-six patients were treated at five dose levels. The maximum tolerated dose was cytarabine 400 mg/m2/day for 5 days along with tanespimycin 300 mg/m2 on days 3 and 6. Treatment-related adverse events included disseminated intravascular coagulation (grades 3 and 5), acute respiratory distress syndrome (grade 4), and myocardial infarction associated with prolonged exposure to tanespimycin and its active metabolite 17-aminogeldanamycin. Among 21 evaluable patients, there were two complete and four partial remissions. Elevations of Hsp70, a marker used to assess Hsp90 inhibition in other studies, were observed in more than 80% of samples harvested 24 hours after tanespimycin, but down-regulation of Chk1 and other Hsp90 client proteins was modest. Conclusions Because exposure to potentially effective concentrations occurs only for a brief time in vivo, at clinically tolerable doses tanespimycin has little effect on resistance-mediating client proteins in relapsed leukemia and exhibits limited activity in combination with cytarabine.
Understanding Reef Flat Sediment Regimes and Hydrodynamics can Inform Erosion Mitigation on Land

Coral reefs worldwide are affected by excessive sediment and nutrient delivery from adjacent watersheds. Land cover and land use changes contribute to reef ecosystem degradation, which in turn, diminish many ecosystem services, including coastal protection, recreation, and food provisioning. The objectives of this work were to understand the role of coastal oceanic and biophysical processes in mediating the effects of sedimentation in shallow reef environments, and to assess the efficacy of land-based sediment remediation in the coastal areas near Maunalei reef, Lāna’i Island, Hawai’i. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study of sediment dynamics on an east-facing (i.e., facing the trade winds) reef in the Hawaiian Islands. We developed ridge-to-reef monitoring systems at two paired stream bed-to-reef sites, where one of the reef sites was adjacent to a community stream sediment remediation project. We found that the two reef sites were characterized by different processes that affected the sediment removal rates; the two sites were also exposed to different amounts of sediment runoff. The community stream sediment remediation project appeared to keep at least 77 tonnes of sediment off the reef flat in one wet season. We found that resuspension of sediments on this reef was similar to that on north-facing and south-facing reefs that also are exposed to the trade winds. We posit that sites with slower sediment removal rates due to slower current velocities or high resuspension rates will require more-robust sediment capture systems on land to reduce sediment input rates and maximize potential for reef health recovery. This suggests that interventions such as local sediment remediation and watershed restoration may mitigate sediment delivery to coral reefs, but these interventions are more likely to be effective if they account for how adjacent coastal oceanographic processes distribute, accumulate, or advect sediment away from reefs. Our results on the effectiveness of gabion dam sediment capture may help guide scalable solutions for erosion control on islands.
Viewing as a Cultural Tool in the Construction of Meaning with Expository Texts for Young Bilinguals.

This article provides a deeper understanding of how young bilinguals constructed meaning with expository texts in an inquiry-based setting over an academic year. An examination of classroom transcripts and analysis revealed how Viewing became the most frequently used literacy practice and a cultural tool in the construction of meaning with expository texts for first-grade bilinguals. This study builds on research surrounding the academic development of bilingual students, reading comprehension strategies, multimodal viewing, and sociocultural perspectives on learning. Using an ethnographic perspective and discourse analysis, this research provides insight into how first-grade bilinguals mastered and appropriated the inclusive literacy practice of Viewing to construct meaning with expository texts.
Immune response to influenza A(H1N1)v in HIV-infected patients.

INTRODUCTION HIV infection is considered a risk factor for severe outcomes of influenza A(H1N1)v infection. However, data on immune response against influenza A(H1N1)v virus in HIV-infected patients are lacking. METHODOLOGY Data from seven HIV-positive and 14 HIV-negative patients infected with A(H1N1)v and from 23 HIV-positive and six HIV-negative asymptomatic controls were analyzed to evaluate the clinical picture, A(H1N1)v viral shedding, and the immune response against the virus. RESULTS Patients displayed mainly upper respiratory tract diseases (57.1%), while pneumonia was diagnosed only in HIV-negative patients (23.8% of subjects, of which 4.8% required intensive care unit admission). At day seven, 29% of HIV-infected patients were still positive for A(H1N1)v by RT-PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs. Interestingly, a persistence of CXCL10 secretion at high level and lower IL-6 levels was observed in HIV-positive subjects. The geometric mean haemagglutination inhibition titer (HI-GMT) and anti-influenza IgM levels were lower in HIV-positive individuals while anti-influenza IgG levels remained similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The immune impairment due to HIV infection could affect A(H1N1)v clearance and could lead to a lower antibody response and a persistent secretion of CXCL10 at high levels. However, the lower IL-6 secretion and treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) could result in a milder clinical picture.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Naturally Processed Peptide Repertoire: Differences between HLA-A and B in the Immunopeptidome

The cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response is determined by the peptide repertoire presented by the HLA class I molecules of an individual. We performed an in-depth analysis of the peptide repertoire presented by a broad panel of common HLA class I molecules on four B lymphoblastoid cell-lines (BLCL). Peptide elution and mass spectrometry analysis were utilised to investigate the number and abundance of self-peptides. Altogether, 7897 unique self-peptides, derived of 4344 proteins, were eluted. After viral infection, the number of unique self-peptides eluted significantly decreased compared to uninfected cells, paralleled by a decrease in the number of source proteins. In the overall dataset, the total number of unique self-peptides eluted from HLA-B molecules was larger than from HLA-A molecules, and they were derived from a larger number of source proteins. These results in B cells suggest that HLA-B molecules possibly present a more diverse repertoire compared to their HLA-A counterparts, which may contribute to their immunodominance. This study provides a unique data set giving new insights into the complex system of antigen presentation for a broad panel of HLA molecules, many of which were never studied this extensively before.
Caregiver influence on looking behavior and brain responses in prelinguistic development

Much is known about the development of speech perception, but there remain gaps in understanding in the development of speech production. Social interaction is a popular topic among researchers of human development, and the development of speech production is clearly dependent upon social interaction (Goldstein et al., 2003; Goldstein and Schwade, 2008). The importance of social interaction becomes particularly apparent when infants begin to speak the language of their ambient environment (Lewkowicz and Hansen-Tift, 2012). Prior to first word production, however, an exchange between caregivers and infants occurs, such that infant vocalizations and other changes in development directly influence caregiver responses, which in turn influence various components of interaction.