Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neutralization of Interleukin-10 Significantly Enhances Gamma Interferon Expression in Peripheral Blood by Stimulation with Johnin Purified Protein Derivative and by Infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Experimentally Infected Cattle with Paratuberculosis

ABSTRACT Monoclonal antibody neutralization of interleukin-10 (IL-10) increased Johnin purified protein derivative-induced whole-blood gamma interferon (IFN-γ) secretion 23-fold and also increased IFN-γ secretion ninefold following in vitro Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These results demonstrate the suppressive effect of IL-10 on immune responses to M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle.
Occupation and epicondylitis: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between occupational exposures and lateral and medial epicondylitis, and the effect of epicondylitis on sickness absence in a population sample of working-aged adults. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 9696 randomly selected adults aged 25-64 years involving a screening questionnaire and standardized physical examination. Age- and sex-specific prevalence rates of epicondylitis were estimated and associations with occupational risk factors explored. RESULTS Among 6038 respondents, 636 (11%) reported elbow pain in the last week. Of those surveyed, 0.7% were diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis and 0.6% with medial epicondylitis. Lateral epicondylitis was associated with manual work [odds ratio (OR) 4.0, 95% CI 1.9, 8.4]. In multivariate analyses, repetitive bending/straightening elbow >1 h day was independently associated with lateral (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2, 5.5) and medial epicondylitis (OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.8, 14.3). Five per cent of adults with epicondylitis took sickness absence because of their elbow symptoms in the past 12 months (median 29 days). CONCLUSION Repetitive exposure to bending/straightening the elbow was a significant risk factor for medial and lateral epicondylitis. Epicondylitis is associated with prolonged sickness absence in 5% of affected working-aged adults.
Near-threshold processor design techniques for power-constrained computing devices

Ultra-low power digital processors are needed in power-constrained computing devices for IoT, intelligent sensing and wearable computing applications. While near-threshold design is promising to achieve ultra-low power consumption, there are several challenges for this technology to be applied to the design of digital processors, including the functionality issue, performance degradation and variability issue. This paper reviews the existing near-threshold processor design techniques including circuit and architecture level solutions and discuss how the aforementioned issues can be addressed.
Anti-β1 Integrin Antibody Reduces Surgery-Induced Adhesion of Colon Carcinoma Cells to Traumatized Peritoneal Surfaces

Objective:To study the mechanisms behind surgery-induced augmentation of tumor outgrowth. Summary Background Data:Surgery provides the best chance of cure for most primary intra-abdominal carcinomas. Effective treatment is however relatively frequent complicated by peritoneal recurrences, which often originate from free-floating intraperitoneal tumor cells that implant on peritoneal surfaces. We previously reported that surgical trauma promotes development of peritoneal metastases. Methods:Evaluation of adhesion of CC531s rat colon carcinoma cell line intraperitoneally after laparotomy using in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models. Also, human ex vivo models were used to study peritoneal tumor cell adhesion. Results:Peritoneal imprints of operated rats showed that direct damaging of the peritoneum resulted in enhanced adhesion of rat CC531 colon carcinoma cells to submesothelial extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in vivo, which was confirmed by electron microscopy. Additionally, the inflammatory reaction of the peritoneal cavity led to retraction of mesothelial cells, hereby also exposing ECM at peritoneal surfaces that had not been traumatized directly. Furthermore, we demonstrated that β1 integrin subunits represented the primary mediators involved in adherence to either isolated ECM components or excised traumatized rat and human peritoneum. Importantly, incubation of CC531s cells with anti-β1 integrin antibodies resulted in a significant decrease of tumor cell adhesion in vivo. Conclusions:Surgical trauma results in exposure of ECM at directly and nondirectly damaged peritoneal surfaces, leading to increased β1 integrin-dependent tumor cell adhesion. Perioperative therapies, which aim to block β1 integrin subunits, might therefore serve as new clinical tools for the prevention of peritoneal recurrences.
Social benefit versus technological risk.

AN APPROACHED IS PRESENTED FOR ESTABLISHING A QUANTITATIVE MEASURE OF BENEFIT RELATIVE COST FOR ACCIDENTAL DEATHS ARISING FROM TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN PUBLIC USE. THE ANALYSIS IS BASED ON TWO ASSUMPTIONS: (1) HISTORICAL NATIONAL ACCIDENT RECORDS ARE ADEQUATE FOR REVEALING CONSISTENT PATTERNS OF FATALITIES IN THE PUBLIC USE OF TECHNOLOGY, AND (2) THAT SUCH HISTORICALLY REVEALED SOCIAL PREFERENCES AND COSTS ARE SUFFICIENTLY ENDURING TO PERMIT THEIR USE FOR PREDICTIVE PURPOSES. SOCIETAL ACTIVITIES FALL INTO TWO GENERAL CATEGORIES--THOSE IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL PARTICIPATES ON A "VOLUNTARY" BASIS AND THOSE IN WHICH THE PARTICIPATION IS "INVOLUNTARY" IMPOSED BY THE SOCIETY IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL LIVES. ALTHOUGH THIS STUDY IS EXPLORATORY, IT REVEALS SEVERAL INTERESTING POINTS: (1) THE INDICATIONS ARE THAT THE PUBLIC IS WILLING TO ACCEPT "VOLUNTARY" RISKS ROUGHLY 1000 TIMES GREATER THAN "INVOLUNTARY" RISKS. (2) THE STATISTICAL RISK OF DEATH FROM DISEASE APPEARS TO BE A PSYCHOLOGICAL YARDSTICK FOR ESTABLISHING THE LEVEL OF ACCEPTABILITY OF OTHER RISKS. (3) THE ACCEPTABILITY OF RISK APPEARS TO BE CRUDELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE THIRD POWER OF BENEFITS (REAL OR IMAGINED). (4) THE SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF RISK IS DIRECTLY INFLUENCED BY PUBLIC AWARENESS OF THE BENEFITS OF AN ACTIVITY, AS DETERMINED BY ADVERTISING, USEFULNESS, AND THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE PARTICIPATING. (5) IN A SAMPLE APPLICATION OF THESE CRITERIA TO ATOMIC POWER PLANT SAFETY, IT APPEARS THAT ENGINEERING DESIGN OBJECTIVELY DETERMINED BY ECONOMIC CRITERIA WOULD RESULT IN A DESIGN-TARGET RISK LEVEL VERY MUCH LOWER THAN THE PRESENT SOCIALLY ACCEPTED RISK FOR ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS. THIS METHODOLOGY FOR REVEALING EXISTING SOCIAL PREFERENCES AND VALUES MAY BE A MEANS OF PROVIDING THE INSIGHT IN SOCIAL BENEFIT RELATIVE TO COST THAT IS NECESSARY FOR JUDICIOUS NATIONAL DECISIONS IN NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS. THE APPENDIX CONTAINS THE DOCUMENTATION FOR RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS CALCULATED FOR MOTOR-VEHICLE TRAVEL, TRAVEL BY AIR ROUTE CARRIER, GENERAL AVIATION, RAILROAD TRAVEL, SKIING, HUNTING, SMOKING, VIETNAM, ELECTRIC POWER, NATURAL DISASTERS, AND DIEASES AND ACCIDENTS. /SRIS/
Radar target type classification and validation

The main challenge in analyzing the results of persistent scatterer techniques is to associate each coherent radar reflection to a real-world object, referred to as target type classification. In recent years different methods to perform target type classification were studied. In this paper we propose a height-based target type classification method to discriminate radar reflections emanating from the ground and above-ground objects. Data acquired from multiple spaceborne satellites such as ERS, Envisat, and TerraSAR-X covering Amsterdam, the Netherlands spanning over two decades from 1992 to 2012 are processed. The target classification results are validated with highly precise elevation data obtained from an independent airborne laser altimetry technique. In this paper we demonstrate that our target type classification method is accurate and thereby the generated DEM of the ground is of nearly sub-metric accuracy in case of ERS and Envisat, and TerraSAR-X.
Time-Lapse Light Field Photography for Perceiving Transparent and Reflective Objects

Robust robotic perception and manipulation of household objects requires the ability to detect, localize and manipulate a wide variety of objects, which may be mirror reflective like polished metal, glossy like smooth plastic, or transparent like glass; for example, picking a metal fork out of a sink full of running water or screwing a metal nut onto a bolt. Existing perceptual approaches based on photographs only take into account the average intensity of light arriving at each pixel from one direction, which limits their ability to account for these non-Lambertian scenes. To address this problem, we demonstrate time-lapse light field photography with an eye-inhand camera of a manipulator robot. An eye-in-hand robot can capture both the intensity of rays, as in a conventional photograph, as well as the direction of the rays. We present a formal model for robotic light-field photography that fits into a probabilistic robotics framework. Using this model, we can synthesize orthographic photographs, remove specular highlights from those photographs, and perform 3D reconstruction with a monocular camera by finding approximate maximum-likelihood estimates. This information can be used to detect, localize and manipulate non-Lambertian objects in non-Lambertian scenes: our approach enables the Baxter robot to pick a shiny metal fork out of a sink filled with running water 24/25 times, as well as to localize objects well enough to screw a nut onto a quarter inch bolt. The techniques in this paper point the way toward new approaches to robotic perception that leverage a robot’s ability to move its camera to infer the state of the external world.
Structure and diagnosis of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: analysis of expanded symptom criteria from the Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale.

CONTEXT Controversy exists about the appropriate criteria for a diagnosis of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). OBJECTIVE To examine the structure and symptoms most predictive of DSM-IV adult ADHD. DESIGN The data are from clinical interviews in enriched subsamples of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (n = 131) and a survey of a large managed health care plan (n = 214). The physician-administered Adult ADHD Clinical Diagnostic Scale (ACDS) was used to assess childhood ADHD and expanded symptoms of current adult ADHD. Analyses examined the stability of symptoms from childhood to adulthood, the structure of adult ADHD, and the adult symptoms most predictive of current clinical diagnoses. SETTING The ACDS was administered telephonically by clinical research interviewers with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD. PARTICIPANTS An enriched sample of community respondents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Diagnoses of DSM-IV /ACDS adult ADHD. RESULTS Almost half of the respondents (45.7%) who had childhood ADHD continued to meet the full DSM-IV criteria for current adult ADHD, with 94.9% of these patients having current attention-deficit disorder and 34.6% having current hyperactivity disorder. Adult persistence was much greater for inattention than for hyperactivity/impulsivity. Additional respondents met the full criteria for current adult ADHD despite not having met the full childhood criteria. A 3-factor structure of adult symptoms included executive functioning (EF), inattention/hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Stepwise logistic regression found EF problems to be the most consistent and discriminating predictors of adult DSM-IV /ACDS ADHD. CONCLUSIONS These findings document the greater persistence of inattentive than of hyperactive/impulsive childhood symptoms of ADHD in adulthood but also show that inattention is not specific to ADHD because it is strongly associated with other adult mental disorders. In comparison, EF problems are more specific and consistently important predictors of DSM-IV adult ADHD despite not being in the DSM-IV, suggesting that the number of EF symptoms should be increased in the DSM-V/ICD-11.
Direct inhibitors of coagulation proteins – the end of the heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin era for anticoagulant therapy?

Summary Heparins, either unfractionated or low-molecular-weight (UFH and LMWHs), and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are currently the anticoagulants of choice for the prevention of post-operative venous thromboembolism (VTE) and for the treatment of acute venous and arterial thromboembolism. While VKAs are widely used in the US, LMWHs are the standard of care in the EU. Although efficacious, these agents are associated with a number of drawbacks, such as the risk of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, the need for frequent coagulation monitoring in the case of UFH and VKAs, and the parenteral mode of administration in the case of heparins, which can lead to problems associated with patient compliance. There is a need for new anticoagulants that overcome these limitations. Direct, small-molecule inhibitors of coagulation proteins targeting a single enzyme in the coagulation cascade – particularly thrombin or Factor Xa – have been developed in recent years. Two agents, the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran and the direct Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban, have recently been approved in the EU and several other countries for the prevention of VTE after total hip or knee replacement surgery. Here we will review data that suggest that the antithrombin-independent mechanism of action of these agents, particularly that of direct Factor Xa inhibitors, leads to increased efficacy with similar safety profiles compared with the antithrombin-dependent heparins. Although the end of the heparins era is not to be expected, the new anticoagulants presented in this review potentially represent the future of anticoagulation.
The SWIB and the MDM2 domains are homologous and share a common fold

Using a novel algorithm for protein sequence/structure analysis, we propose a probable homology between the SWIB domain (the conserved domain of the 60 kda subunit of the SWIB complex involved in chromatin remodelling) and the p53-binding domain of the MDM2 oncoprotein. The homology suggests that the SWIB domain would adopt a structure similar to that of the MDM2 domain and that these two families of proteins may share a similar functional mechanism.
The Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Neurocognitive Function: A Systematic Review

Objective:Understanding the relationship between chronic pain and neurocognition has important implications for the assessment and treatment of patient experiencing pain. This paper provides an overview of the current literature examining the neurocognition-chronic pain relationship and suggests future avenues of research, along with a discussion of clinical implications of the literature findings. Consideration of potential moderators and mediators of this relationship, as well as a brief discussion of the importance of future research in special populations at particular risk for these problems, are also a focus of this paper. Methods:This systematic review summarizes the findings of clinical studies in which neurocognitive performance was measured in chronic pain samples. A literature search led to the inclusion of 53 articles in the review. Results:Studies of neurocognitive performance in clinical chronic pain samples support a relationship between chronic pain and neurocognitive abnormalities, particularly on tests of memory, attention, and processing speed, with mixed data regarding executive functioning. Discussion:Several factors may moderate or mediate the relationship between chronic pain and neurocognitive functioning, including mood symptoms, medication side effects, and intensity and/or chronicity of pain. Limitations in the literature include a paucity of methodologically rigorous studies controlling for confounding variables (eg, opioid analgesia) and a limited number of studies examining the relationship between chronic pain and traumatic brain injury (a potential precipitant of both pain and neurocognitive impairment). Nonetheless, findings from the existing literature have significant clinical implications, including for populations with heightened risk of both pain and neurocognitive disorders.
hTERT gene polymorphism correlates with the risk and the prognosis of thyroid cancer.

OBJECTIVES The study explored the association between rs10069690C/T and rs2736100G/T of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene, and the prognosis of thyroid cancer. METHODS The study had 452 thyroid cancer patients recruited as case group who hospitalized in Jingzhou Central Hospital from January 2001 to June 2004 and 452 healthy people recruited as control group at the same area. The hTERT gene polymorphisms at rs10069690 C/T and rs2736100 G/T were tested by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The association between patients' life quality and hTERT gene polymorphisms six months after surgery was evaluated based on the Cancer patients' quality of life index rating scale. RESULTS There were statistical differences in genotype and allele frequencies of rs10069690 C/T between the case group and control group (both P < 0.05). An association between rs10069690C/T polymorphism and an increased risk of thyroid cancer was shown by logistic regression analysis (CT vs. CC, OR = 1.333, 95%CI = 1.006-1.766, P = 0.045; TT vs. CC, OR = 1.910, 95%CI = 1.084-3.367, P = 0.023; CT + TT vs. CC, OR = 2.246, 95%CI = 1.078-1.840, P = 0.006; T vs. C, OR = 1.376, 95%CI = 1.104-1.715, P = 0.004). Genotype frequency of rs2736100G/T between the two groups had no statistical differences (P > 0.05). After stratification according to age, T stage, tumor size and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, the distribution frequencies of CC genotype and CT + TT genotype of rs10069690C/T showed significant difference (P < 0.05). The life quality of patients with CC genotype was better than that of patients with CT $+$ TT genotype. The results of Cox regression model multifactor analysis showed that age, T stage, tumor size and rs10069690C/T were independent risk factors of thyroid cancer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS hTERT gene polymorphism at rs10069690C/T is associated with the risk and prognosis of thyroid cancer, but hTERT gene polymorphism at rs2736100G/T is not.
Do children from an inner city British school meet the recommended levels of physical activity? Results from a cross sectional survey using objective measurements of physical activity

Questionnaire surveys suggest physical activity levels in children are low, particularly among children from deprived areas. Using accelerometers, it was found that children from a deprived inner city school were active at recommended levels and had similar levels of activity to children in other studies from more affluent populations. However, this finding was dependent on the threshold used to define moderate activity.
Detection and neutralization of cobra venom using rabbit antiserum in experimental envenomated mice

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect the venom of Indian cobra (Naja naja naja) in various tissues (brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, blood, kidneys, and tissue at the site of injection) of mice after cobra venom injected at different time intervals (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h intervals up to 24 h). Whole venom antiserum or individual venom protein antiserum (14, 29, 65, 72, and 99 kDa) could recognize N. n. naja venom by Western blotting and ELISA, and antibody titer was also assayed by ELISA. Antiserum raised against cobra venom in rabbit significantly neutralized the toxicity of venom-injected mice at different time intervals after treatment. The assay could detect N. n. naja venom levels up to 2.5 ng/ml of tissue homogenate, and the venom was detected up to 24 h after venom injection. Venom was detected in brain, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidneys, tissue at the bite area, and blood. As observed in mice, tissue at the site of bite area showed the highest concentration of venom and the brain showed the least. Moderate amounts of venoms were found in liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and lungs. Development of a simple, rapid, and species-specific diagnostic kit based on this ELISA technique useful to clinicians is discussed.
New Developments in Iodine-Stabilized He-Ne Lasers

The improvement of the performance of a 633-nm He-Ne laser stabilized by saturated absorption in iodine, which results from heating the iodine cell is described. A simple modification of the laser which permits frequency-stabilized operation at two other visible wavelengths which may be useful for interferometry is also reported.
A Relevant Clustering Algorithm for High-Dimensional Data

Clustering is widely used data mining model that partitions data points into a set of groups, each of which is called a cluster. With the emerging growth of computational biology and e-commerce applications, highdimensional data becomes very common. Thus, mining high-dimensional data is more needed. There are some main challenges for mining data of high dimensions, such as the curse of dimensionality and more crucial, the meaningfulness of the similarity measure in the high dimension space. The main goal of feature selection is to select a subset of useful features. The relevant features of subset are selected correctly and then the entire set gives accurate results. For this reason, feature subset selection is used in the high-dimensional data. The good subsets of features are selected by using feature selection method. The feature selection methods are mainly used in application of learning algorithms. Feature selection methods decrease the dimensionality of the data and allow learning algorithms to operate efficiently and more effectively. The proposed Relevant Clustering Algorithm is used for finding the subset of features. A Relevant clustering algorithm renders efficiency and effectiveness to find the subset of features. Relevant clustering algorithm work can be done in three steps. First step elimination of irrelevant features from the dataset; the relevant features are selected by the features having the value greater than the predefined threshold. In the second step selected relevant features are used to generate the graph, divide the features using graph theoretic method, and then clusters are formed by using Minimum Spanning Tree. In the third step find the subsets features that are more related to the target class is selected. The Relevant Clustering Algorithm is more efficient than the existing features subset selection algorithms RELIEF, FCBF, CFS, FOCUS-2 and INTERACT.
Initial measurements of ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide in patients using 31P MRS: Pulse‐and‐acquire, decoupling, and polarization transfer

Ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide are 31P‐containing alkylating agents used widely in the treatment of cancer. In this communication it is demonstrated that signals from these agents may be detected in the livers of patients undergoing treatment using 31P MRS at 1.5 T. In vitro, signals are enhanced 4‐fold by use of 1H‐decoupling, with a B1 field of 100 Hz at –150 Hz relative to water. Polarization transfer (BINEPT) enhances signals in vitro by a further factor of 5.5. Preliminary results using the double‐resonance methods in vivo show that the technique is practicable although enhancements may be less than observed in vitro. Factors affecting signal enhancement in vivo are evaluated. Magn Reson Med 44:180–184, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of HPF Products on the Cray-T 3 D Michael Ess , Arctic Region Supercomputing

High Performance Fortran is the emerging standard beyond Fortran 90 and is targeted for parallel machines. Although CRI is monitoring this standard closely, there is no HPF product currently available from CRI. There are two commercial offerings of HPF for the T3D, one from the Portland Group and the other from Applied Parallel Research. Both of these products work in conjunction with CRI’s existing Fortran compilers. This report surveys and evaluates these two products. Comparisons are made to the existing CRI products of Craft Fortran and Fortran 90. The evaluation covers functionality, ease of use and performance.