Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Few Shot Transfer Learning BetweenWord Relatedness and Similarity Tasks Using A Gated Recurrent Siamese Network

Word similarity and word relatedness are fundamental to natural language processing and more generally, understanding how humans relate concepts in semantic memory. A growing number of datasets are being proposed as evaluation benchmarks,however, the heterogeneity and focus of each respective dataset makes it difficult to draw plausible conclusions as to how a unified semantic model would perform. Additionally, we want to identify the transferability of knowledge obtained from one task to another, within the same domain and across domains. Hence, this paper first presents an evaluation and comparison of eight chosen datasets tested using the best performing regression models. As a baseline, we present regression models that incorporate both lexical featuresand word embeddings to produce consistent and competitive results compared to the state of the art.We present our main contribution, the best performing model across seven of the eight datasets - a Gated Recurrent Siamese Networkthat learns relationships between lexical word definitions.A parameter transfer learning strategy is employed for theSiamese Network. Subsequently, we present a secondary contribution which is the best performing non-sequential model:an Inductive and Transductive Transfer Learning strategy fortransferring decision trees within a Random Forest to a target task that is learned from only few instances. The method involves measuring semantic distance between hidden factored matrix representations of decision tree traversal matrices.
A compact Ka-band 156 Mbps transceiver for a wireless LAN system using PTFE/FR-4 laminated MCMs

A millimeter-wave radio access system has a number of features that makes it appealing as one approach to broadband communications. However, for a millimeterwave system to come into wide use, it must be miniaturized and the associated costs reduced. We have succeeded in realizing a compact 156 Mbps radio transceiver with a 38 GHz band optimizing RF architecture. We also adopted newly developed three-dimensional laminated MCMs using low cost plastic materials. It was confirmed in the initial experiments that this millimeter-wave wireless LAN equipment can cover a sufficient service area for broadband telecommunications in an indoor environment.
Scheduling Wireless Links in the Physical Interference Model by Fractional Edge Coloring

We consider the link scheduling problem in wireless mesh networks for capacity maximization. Unlike all previous approaches, ours views capacity in terms of covering a graph’s edges by matchings that are feasible in the sense of the physical interference model, thus leading to a novel fractional edge-chromatic indicator of the graph. Network capacity is then defined as a function of this indicator, whose exact computation can be formulated as a linear programming problem. Solving this problem for an extensive collection of random geometric graphs that instantiate networks in the physical interference model reveals that, depending on node density, often a network admits increased capacity by virtue of simply scheduling links based on fractional, rather than integer, edge coloring. This settles a heretofore unaddressed issue in the physical interference model.
Information Precision, Transaction Costs, and Trading Volume

Models of trade by Pfleiderer (1984), Holthausen and Verrecchia (1990), and Kim and Verrecchia (1991) imply that the trading volume prompted by a public announcement is positively related to the announcement's precision. Relying upon this notion, empirical researchers interpret high trading volume as an indication that an announcement is highly informative. We show that such interpretations can be incorrect. In a world with transaction costs, the relation between information precision and trading volume is ambiguous, and can be negative. This explains why, in empirical tests, the relation between announcement precision and trading volume is not monotonically positive, even though in laboratory experiments it is. Cross-sectionally, our results imply that trading volume reactions to highly informative announcements will be positive primarily for low-transaction cost securities.
The Earth Mover''s Distance: Lower Bounds and Invariance under Translation

The Earth Mover''s Distance (EMD) between two finite distributions of weight is proportional to the minimum amount of work required to transform one distribution into the other. Current content-based retrieval work in the Stanford Vision Laboratory uses the EMD as a common framework for measuring image similarity with respect to color, texture, and shape content. In this report, we present some fast to compute lower bounds on the EMD which may allow a system to avoid exact, more expensive EMD computations during query processing. The effectiveness of the lower bounds is tested in a color-based retrieval system. In addition to the lower bound work, we also show how to compute the EMD under translation. In this problem, the points in one distribution are free to translate, and the goal is to find a translation that minimizes the EMD to the other distribution.
Option Pricing on Non-Recombining Implied Trees Assuming Serial Dependence of Returns

The non-recombining implied tree is calibrated taking into account serial dependence of stock returns. Effectively, the model becomes non-Markovian. Unlike typical preference-free option pricing models, a parameter related to the expected return of the underlying asset appears in our model. We calibrate the non-Markovian model using European calls on the FTSE 100 index for year 2003. Results strongly support our modelling approach. Pricing results are smooth without evidence of an over-fitting problem and the derived implied distributions are realistic. Also, results for the pricing of American call options indicate that the non-Markovian model outperforms the equivalent Markovian model and also the ad-hoc procedure of smoothing Black-Scholes implied volatilities proposed by Dumas et al. (1998).
Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Aldouronate Utilization Gene Cluster from Paenibacillus sp. Strain JDR-2

ABSTRACT Direct bacterial conversion of the hemicellulose fraction of hardwoods and crop residues to biobased products depends upon extracellular depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylan (MeGAXn), followed by assimilation and intracellular conversion of aldouronates and xylooligosaccharides to fermentable xylose. Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2, an aggressively xylanolytic bacterium, secretes a multimodular cell-associated GH10 endoxylanase (XynA1) that catalyzes depolymerization of MeGAXn and rapidly assimilates the principal products, β-1,4-xylobiose, β-1,4-xylotriose, and MeGAX3, the aldotetrauronate 4-O-methylglucuronosyl-α-1,2-xylotriose. Genomic libraries derived from this bacterium have now allowed cloning and sequencing of a unique aldouronate utilization gene cluster comprised of genes encoding signal transduction regulatory proteins, ABC transporter proteins, and the enzymes AguA (GH67 α-glucuronidase), XynA2 (GH10 endoxylanase), and XynB (GH43 β-xylosidase/α-arabinofuranosidase). Expression of these genes, as well as xynA1 encoding the secreted GH10 endoxylanase, is induced by growth on MeGAXn and repressed by glucose. Sequences in the yesN, lplA, and xynA2 genes within the cluster and in the distal xynA1 gene show significant similarity to catabolite responsive element (cre) defined in Bacillus subtilis for recognition of the catabolite control protein (CcpA) and consequential repression of catabolic regulons. The aldouronate utilization gene cluster in Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2 operates as a regulon, coregulated with the expression of xynA1, conferring the ability for efficient assimilation and catabolism of the aldouronate product generated by a multimodular cell surface-anchored GH10 endoxylanase. This cluster offers a desirable metabolic potential for bacterial conversion of hemicellulose fractions of hardwood and crop residues to biobased products.
Perceived environmental uncertainty and strategic alliances in small and medium-sized enterprises

This study analyses the importance that small and medium-sized enterprises attach to forming strategic alliances according to the environmental uncertainty they perceive. The uncertainty is obtained by applying Duncan’s (1972) typology, combining environmental dynamism and complexity. A sample of small and medium-sized enterprises from the Canary Islands (Spain) was studied during 2005, and the Rasch methodology was applied together with non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney). The conclusion reached is that the greater the uncertainty perceived, the greater the importance small and medium-sized enterprises attach to strategic alliances. Furthermore, the group of small and medium-sized enterprises that perceive their environment as being highly uncertain and that attach more importance to forming strategic alliances are characterised by being larger than other small and medium-sized enterprises. This study makes an important contribution by considering the perceptions of managers of small and medium-sized enterprises as key determining factors in understanding these firms’ strategic processes. This contribution is reinforced through the use of the Rasch methodology.
The Crystal Structure of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductase Bound to DsrC Provides Novel Insights into the Mechanism of Sulfate Respiration*

Sulfate reduction is one of the earliest types of energy metabolism used by ancestral organisms to sustain life. Despite extensive studies, many questions remain about the way respiratory sulfate reduction is associated with energy conservation. A crucial enzyme in this process is the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dSiR), which contains a unique siroheme-[4Fe4S] coupled cofactor. Here, we report the structure of desulfoviridin from Desulfovibrio vulgaris, in which the dSiR DsrAB (sulfite reductase) subunits are bound to the DsrC protein. The α2β2γ2 assembly contains two siroheme-[4Fe4S] cofactors bound by DsrB, two sirohydrochlorins and two [4Fe4S] centers bound by DsrA, and another four [4Fe4S] centers in the ferredoxin domains. A sulfite molecule, coordinating the siroheme, is found at the active site. The DsrC protein is bound in a cleft between DsrA and DsrB with its conserved C-terminal cysteine reaching the distal side of the siroheme. We propose a novel mechanism for the process of sulfite reduction involving DsrAB, DsrC, and the DsrMKJOP membrane complex (a membrane complex with putative disulfide/thiol reductase activity), in which two of the six electrons for reduction of sulfite derive from the membrane quinone pool. These results show that DsrC is involved in sulfite reduction, which changes the mechanism of sulfate respiration. This has important implications for models used to date ancient sulfur metabolism based on sulfur isotope fractionations.
A dynamic hurdle model for zeroinflated panel count data

This article proposes an approximate conditional dynamic finite mixture hurdle model for panel count data with excess of zeros and endogenous initial conditions. We provide parameter estimates by using the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm in a Nonparametric Maximum Likelihood (NPML) framework. An application to a unique data set on traffic violation counts of a subpopulation of Italian drivers is given.
Microstrip band‐pass filters without source/load inverters

In radio frequency/microwave or even higher frequency range, various transmission‐line filters have been proposed for frequency selection. Specifically, there is a kind of transmission‐line filters not having source/load inverters. To design them is somewhat difficult, if their physical mechanism is not fully understood. In this paper, the concept of the distributed‐ to lumped‐element equivalence is applied in the synthesis of several microstrip band‐pass filters without source/load inverters. As demonstrated, it can help to reveal the physical mechanism of the filters such as how the resonances are created and coupled. In addition, the distributed‐ to lumped‐element equivalence relations between filter specifications and structural parameters are presented and good initial dimensions are calculated, which will facilitate filter design. Several examples are presented for demonstration.
Reemployment Services in the Netherlands: A Comparative Study of Bureaucratic, Market, and Network Forms of Organization

Progress in New Public Management research requires careful comparison of different organizational approaches to public tasks, preferably within a single political and institutional setting. This paper presents a study of three approaches to reemployment services, a recent development in the Netherlands. How do bureaucratic, networked, and market-based forms of organization function with regard to the new public aim of second-tier reemployment in the Netherlands? It appears that there is no simple dependence between performance and instrumental or organizational features. Even in the setting of a single welfare state, intricate interactions exist between performance, stakeholder interests, and institutional conditions. Given the importance of these interactions, New Public Management research would benefit by shifting focus away from organizational performance toward a "politics of institutional structuring".
The Valuation of New Ventures

Traditional tools fail to capture the value of new ventures, such as R&D projects and start-up companies, because of their dependence on future events that are uncertain at the time of the initial decision. In the real options setting the value of these investments is the value of the follow-on opportunities they may create. Our aim is to study the multicompound option approach to value sequential investment opportunities taking into account multiple interactions among real options.
Effects of dietary resistant starch content on metabolic status, milk composition, and microbial profiling in lactating sows and on offspring performance

In the present study, the effects of dietary resistant starch (RS) content on serum metabolite and hormone concentrations, milk composition, and faecal microbial profiling in lactating sows, as well as on offspring performance was investigated. Sixteen sows were randomly allotted at breeding to two treatments containing low- and high-RS contents from normal and high-amylose corn varieties, respectively, and each treatment had eight replicates (sows). Individual piglet body weight (BW) and litter size were recorded at birth and weaning. Milk samples were obtained on day 10 after farrowing for composition analysis. On day 2 before weaning, blood and faecal samples were collected to determine serum metabolite and hormone concentrations and faecal microbial populations, respectively. Litter size at birth and weaning were not influenced (p > 0.05) by the sow dietary treatments. Although feeding the RS-rich diet to sows reduced (p = 0.004) offspring birth BW, there was no difference in piglet BW at weaning (p > 0.05). High-RS diet increased (p < 0.05) serum triacylglycerol and nonesterified fatty acid concentrations and milk total solid content, and tended (p = 0.09) to increase milk fat content in lactating sows. Feeding the RS-rich diet to sows increased (p < 0.01) faecal bacterial population diversity. These results indicate that high-RS diets induce fatty acid mobilization and a greater intestinal bacterial richness in lactating sows, as well as a greater nutrient density in maternal milk, without affecting offspring performance at weaning.
Green Tape: A Theory of Effective Organizational Rules

Public management scholars over the past decade have shed significant light on ineffective rules or “red tape. ” This article takes a different approach by conceptualizing a theory of green tape or effective rules. The theory argues that the probability of rule effectiveness depends on the combined presence of (1) written requirements, (2) with valid means-ends relationships, which (3) employ optimal control, (4) are consistently applied, and that have (5) purposes understood by stakeholders. A study of city employees provides the data for theory development and testing. The resulting theory emphasizes technical proficiency and stakeholder cooperation in effective rule design and implementation.
True Orthophoto Generation from Aerial Frame Images and LiDAR Data: An Update

Image spectral and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) positional information can be related through the orthophoto generation process. Orthophotos have a uniform scale and represent all objects in their correct planimetric locations. However, orthophotos generated using conventional methods suffer from an artifact known as the double-mapping effect that occurs in areas occluded by tall objects. The double-mapping problem can be resolved through the commonly known true orthophoto generation procedure, in which an occlusion detection process is incorporated. This paper presents a review of occlusion detection methods, from which three techniques are compared and analyzed using experimental results. The paper also describes a framework for true orthophoto production based on an angle-based occlusion detection method. To improve the performance of the angle-based technique, two modifications to this method are introduced. These modifications, which aim at resolving false visibilities reported within the angle-based occlusion detection process, are referred to as occlusion extension and radial section overlap. A weighted averaging approach is also proposed to mitigate the seamline effect and spectral dissimilarity that may appear in true orthophoto mosaics. Moreover, true orthophotos generated from high-resolution aerial images and high-density LiDAR data using the updated version of angle-based methodology are illustrated for two urban study areas. To investigate the potential of image matching techniques in producing true orthophotos and point clouds, a comparison between the LiDAR-based and image-matching-based true orthophotos and digital surface models (DSMs) for an urban study area is also presented in this paper. Among the investigated occlusion detection methods, the angle-based technique demonstrated a better performance in terms of output and running time. The LiDAR-based true orthophotos and DSMs showed higher qualities compared to their image-matching-based counterparts which contain artifacts/noise along building edges.
Recent Advances in Metamaterial Transmission Lines Based on Split Rings

This paper is focused on metamaterial transmission lines based on split rings. Specifically, the considered lines are those based on the hybrid approach, where complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) are combined with series gaps and shunt inductive stubs, and those implemented by loading a host line with open split ring resonators (OSRRs) and open complementary split ring resonators (OCSRRs). The dispersion characteristics and the characteristic impedance of such lines, essential for design purposes, are analyzed to the light of the lumped element equivalent circuit models of the lines. Finally, it is shown that hybrid lines are useful for the design of power splitters with filtering capability, and OSRR/OCSRR-loaded lines are of interest for the design of wideband bandpass filters. The achieved performances are satisfactory and device dimensions small.
Phase noise estimation in FMCW radar transceivers using an artificial on-chip target

Estimation of phase noise (PN) has become economically feasible for use within integrated circuits. Several concepts have been proposed that obtain an estimate with high accuracy. However, these concepts require a continuous wave input signal during measurement. In this work we aim to estimate the PN power spectrum of a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar transceiver simultaneously with its normal operation. The novel method obtains the PN power spectrum across the whole FMCW chirp bandwidth. It utilizes an artificial on-chip target (OCT), which is to be incorporated into an existing monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC). Two concepts to obtain the PN power spectrum are presented and validated with measurements that deliver accurate estimates within the frequency range of interest.
Role of SufI (FtsP) in Cell Division of Escherichia coli: Evidence for Its Involvement in Stabilizing the Assembly of the Divisome

ABSTRACT The function of SufI, a well-studied substrate of the TatABC translocase in Escherichia coli, is not known. It was earlier implicated in cell division, based on the finding that multiple copies of sufI suppressed the phenotypes of cells with mutations in ftsI (ftsI23), which encodes a divisomal transpeptidase. Recently, sufI was identified as both a multicopy suppressor gene and a synthetic lethal mutant of ftsEX, which codes for a division-specific putative ABC transporter. In this study, we show that sufI is essential for the viability of E. coli cells subjected to various forms of stress, including oxidative stress and DNA damage. The sufI mutant also exhibits sulA-independent filamentation, indicating a role in cell division. The phenotypes of the sufI mutant are suppressed by factors that stabilize FtsZ ring assembly, such as increased expression of cell division proteins FtsQAZ or FtsN or the presence of the gain-of-function ftsA* (FtsA R286W) mutation, suggesting that SufI is a divisomal protein required during stress conditions. In support of this, multicopy sufI suppressed the divisional defects of mutants carrying the ftsA12, ftsQ1, or ftsK44 allele but not those of mutants carrying ftsZ84. Most of the division-defective mutants, in particular those carrying a ΔftsEX or ftsI23 allele, exhibited sensitivity to oxidative stress or DNA damage, and this sensitivity was also abolished by multiple copies of SufI. All of these data suggest that SufI is a division component involved in protecting or stabilizing the divisomal assembly under conditions of stress. Since sufI fulfils the requirements to be designated an fts gene, we propose that it be renamed ftsP.
Sentiment Analysis on Web-services

The use of web-services has been on the rise recently. The quality of the service such as speed,security, ease of access etc. provided by these web-apis have become a primary concern for the user as well as the provider,one way to improve the webservice is to analyze the feedback generated by user reviews. User generated reviews for web-services contain a lot of technical content that expresses the sentiment of the user very subtly, thus it becomes a challenge for any classification model to detect these subtleties and classify the sentiment of the review accurately. This paper proposes a model to accurately detect these subtleties and accurately classify user sentiments. We also discuss the scoring scheme and the classification technique used in this model.