Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parallel Processes in Counseling and Supervision: A Case Study.

Were concerned with the reciprocal, interlocking processes of supervision and counseling. To examine the theoretical model of parallel process, we applied social psychological theories of selfpresentation and interpersonal influence in an in-depth case study (1 client, 1 counselor trainee, and 1 supervisor) of the naturally developing therapeutic and supervisory relationships. Multiple indexes of the process and outcome (of both treatments) provided self-reported and verbal communication data. Results point to the similar aspects of the two relationships, the possible indicators of parallel process, and an identification of the behavioral features of the supervisor's style. Conclusions provide guidance for more extensive research along these lines. Understanding the supervisory process and its effects on trainees and their clients has been hampered in three ways. First, most conceptual models of supervision rely on extrapolations from counseling theory. Although the supervisory and counseling processes share some important features—the emphasis on learning, empathy, personal growth, responsibility, and so forth—they differ in major ways that only recently have been acknowledged. Most important, in contrast to counseling, supervisors provide their trainees with an explicit performance evaluation that has considerable real-life consequences (Holloway, 1984). Second, there is little in the literature to suggest how to supervise, probably because little empirical evidence suggests what experienced, effective supervisors actually do. Third, the majority of conceptual models and published studies have failed to consider client factors as sources of variance. Any experienced supervisor is aware that one's work with a trainee can vary greatly depending on the client in question. Also, supervisors' evaluations of their trainees tend to fluctuate when the client improves or deteriorates (Ward, Friedlander, Schoen, & Klein, 1985). In our study we address each of these shortcominp in the literature. Our focus is the reciprocal, interlocking processes of counseling and supervision. Specifically, this case investigation (1 supervisor, 1 counselor trainee, and 1 client) was an attempt to determine the extent to which various relational aspects in counseling and supervision are similar and if interpersonal dynamics in either dyad carry over in a parallel fashion to the other dyad. Some authors (e.g., Doehrman, 1976; Ekstein & Wallerstein, 1972) have described parallel process phenomena, whereby trainees unconsciously present themselves to their This investigation was partially funded by a Faculty Research
Integrative Data Mining for Assessing International Conflict Events

State failure has been traditionally defined as the collapse of national authority, which may be reflected in disasters such as wars and disruptive regime transitions. The availability of comprehensive datasets and the limitations exhibited by previous forecasting analyses led us to integrate different predictive resources and models through statistical analysis and machine learning. Here we demonstrate the predictive ability of unsupervised and supervised learning approaches to detecting meaningful relationships between country cases, encoded by several socio-economic indicators, and the emergence of violent conflicts. Two clustering-based analyses (Kohonen maps and a network-based approach) provided the basis for exploratory analyses that confirmed hypotheses about the relevance of the data and the differences between state failure types. We also illustrate the potential of a novel network-based clustering approach for sub-class discovery in the area of political instability analysis. Furthermore, we show significant relationships between the emergence of violent conflicts and a dataset of quantitative indicators of good governance, which allows the design of effective supervised and unsupervised classifiers. This study contributes to the development of intelligent data analysis techniques for supporting hypothesis generation and testing in international conflict analyses
Estudos psicométricos da versão Portuguesa da Escala de Impacto Familiar (EIF)

O diagnostico de deficiencia num filho pode implicar mudancas na dinâmica e no funcionamento da familia, com exigencias adicionais ao nivel da prestacao de cuidados. De forma a avaliar os efeitos da condicao da crianca nos pais, enquanto prestadores de cuidados, foi desenvolvida a Escala de Impacto Familiar (EIF) – Impact on Family Scale (Stein & Riessman, 1980). O objectivo do presente estudo e apresentar as caracteristicas psicometricas da EIF. A versao portuguesa da escala foi administrada a uma amostra de 144 pais e maes, cujo filho recebeu um diagnostico de deficiencia, utentes da Maternidade Doutor Daniel de Matos (Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra) e de associacoes que prestam apoio a pais de criancas com deficiencia. Para alem da EIF, o protocolo de avaliacao incluiu o instrumento de avaliacao de qualidade de vida da Organizacao Mundial de Saude (WHOQOL-Bref; The WHOQOL Group, 1998), o Indice de Stress Parental (Abidin, 1990) e a subescala de Contribuicoes Positivas do Kansas Inventory of Parental Perceptions (Behr, Murphy, & Summers, 1992). A EIF apresentou boa consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach=.91) e estabilidade temporal (r=.80, p<.001), bem como resultados aceitaveis ao nivel da validade de construto [ χ 2 (90)=185.45, p<. 001; CFI=. 91; RMSEA=. 08] e das validades convergente e discriminante. A EIF apresenta-se como uma escala particularmente util para avaliar o impacto familiar da deficiencia de um filho e as suas caracteristicas psicometricas validam a sua utilizacao na populacao portuguesa.
Bitrate allocation for 3-D wavelet video coder

Wavelet Transform Coding Scheme is very promising due to its high coding efficiency. The coder of this scheme provides the coded bit stream can be truncated at any point adapting to best effort delivery of network. In this work, we investigate R-D (Rate-Distortion) model for each subband based on statistical property of coefficients. Then, a constrained bitrate allocation method is derived by exploiting the R-D performance of the coder. Experimental results show that the proposed method can provides bitrate-distortion tradeoff, and achieves target bitrate allocation and guarantees both good subjective and objective quality.
Determining staffing requirements for blood donor clinics: the Canadian Blood Services experience

Canadian Blood Services runs approximately 16,000 donor clinics annually. While there were more than 220 different clinic configurations used in 2011 and 2012, 67% of all clinic configurations followed one of 51 standard models. As part of operational planning for current and future configurations it was necessary for Canadian Blood Services to calculate staffing requirements for standard clinic models.
Restrictions on pp scattering amplitude imposed by first diffraction minimum data obtained by TOTEM at LHC

We present systematic analysis of the behavior of elastic pp scattering cross section in the region of the diffraction peak and the first diffraction minimum in the framework of quasi-eikonal Gribov-Regge approach, taking into account the unitarity condition. We use the formalism taking into consideration the dependence of pomeron signature factor on t. We show that although in this approach one can describe the general features of pp scattering, the behavior of pp elastic differential cross section in the vicinity of the first diffraction minimum measured by the TOTEM experiment at LHC can not be reproduced under any parameter values at standard assumptions of the model. Physically, in the quasi-eikonal Regge approach the proton proved to be “gray” and rather large, whereas the TOTEM data indicate that it is smaller and closer to “black” at LHC energies.
Access to specialist gastroenterology care in Canada: comparison of wait times and consensus targets.

BACKGROUND Monitoring wait times and defining targets for care have been advocated to improve health care delivery related to cancer, heart, diagnostic imaging, joint replacements and sight restoration. There are few data on access to care for digestive diseases, although they pose a greater economic burden than cancer or heart disease in Canada. The present study compared wait times for specialist gastroenterology care with recent, evidence-based, consensus-defined benchmark wait times for a range of digestive diseases. METHODS Total wait times from primary care referral to investigation were measured for seven digestive disease indications by using the Practice Audit in Gastroenterology program, and were benchmarked against consensus recommendations. RESULTS Total wait times for 1903 patients who were undergoing investigation exceeded targets for those with probable cancer (median 26 days [25th to 75th percentiles eight to 56 days] versus target of two weeks); probable inflammatory bowel disease (101 days [35 to 209 days] versus two weeks); documented iron deficiency anemia (71 days [19 to 142 days] versus two months); positive fecal occult blood test (73 days [36 to 148 days] versus two months); dyspepsia with alarm symptoms (60 days [23 to 140 days] versus two months); refractory dyspepsia without alarm symptoms (126 days [42 to 225 days] versus two months); and chronic constipation and diarrhea (141 days [68 to 264 days] versus two months). A minority of patients were seen within target times: probable cancer (33% [95% CI 20% to 47%]); probable inflammatory bowel disease (12% [95% CI 1% to 23%]); iron deficiency anemia (46% [95% CI 37% to 55%]); positive occult blood test (41% [95% CI 28% to 54%]); dyspepsia with alarm symptoms (51% [95% CI 41% to 60%]); refractory dyspepsia without alarm symptoms (33% [95% CI 19% to 47%]); and chronic constipation and diarrhea (21% [95% CI 14% to 29%]). DISCUSSION Total wait times for the seven indications exceeded the consensus targets; 51% to 88% of patients were not seen within the target wait time. Multiple interventions, including adoption of evidence-based management guidelines and provision of economic and human resources, are needed to ensure appropriate access to digestive health care in Canada. Outcomes can be evaluated by the 'point-of-care', practice audit methodology used for the present study.
A Graph Model for Unsupervised Lexical Acquisition

This paper presents an unsupervised method for assembling semantic knowledge from a part-of-speech tagged corpus using graph algorithms. The graph model is built by linking pairs of words which participate in particular syntactic relationships. We focus on the symmetric relationship between pairs of nouns which occur together in lists. An incremental cluster-building algorithm using this part of the graph achieves 82% accuracy at a lexical acquisition task, evaluated against WordNet classes. The model naturally realises domain and corpus specific ambiguities as distinct components in the graph surrounding an ambiguous word.
Folding Free Energies of 5′-UTRs Impact Post-Transcriptional Regulation on a Genomic Scale in Yeast

Using high-throughput technologies, abundances and other features of genes and proteins have been measured on a genome-wide scale in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In contrast, secondary structure in 5′–untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA has only been investigated for a limited number of genes. Here, the aim is to study genome-wide regulatory effects of mRNA 5′-UTR folding free energies. We performed computations of secondary structures in 5′-UTRs and their folding free energies for all verified genes in S. cerevisiae. We found significant correlations between folding free energies of 5′-UTRs and various transcript features measured in genome-wide studies of yeast. In particular, mRNAs with weakly folded 5′-UTRs have higher translation rates, higher abundances of the corresponding proteins, longer half-lives, and higher numbers of transcripts, and are upregulated after heat shock. Furthermore, 5′-UTRs have significantly higher folding free energies than other genomic regions and randomized sequences. We also found a positive correlation between transcript half-life and ribosome occupancy that is more pronounced for short-lived transcripts, which supports a picture of competition between translation and degradation. Among the genes with strongly folded 5′-UTRs, there is a huge overrepresentation of uncharacterized open reading frames. Based on our analysis, we conclude that (i) there is a widespread bias for 5′-UTRs to be weakly folded, (ii) folding free energies of 5′-UTRs are correlated with mRNA translation and turnover on a genomic scale, and (iii) transcripts with strongly folded 5′-UTRs are often rare and hard to find experimentally.
Interrater reliability of the Social Profile: Assessment of community and psychiatric group participation

Background/Aim: The Social Profile was developed based on the theoretical concepts of activity group participation skills: Parallel, Associative, Basic and Supportive Cooperative and Mature activity levels. The aim of this study is to assess the interrater reliability of observations in groups of children and adults using the Social Profile. Methods: Two community and two hospital populations were used to determine the interrater reliability of the Social Profile as observed by clinicians and graduate students. These groups included preschool children, older adults, general, geriatric and substance abuse psychiatric patients. Observers consisted of clinicians and graduate student pairs. Results: Moderately high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) scores of interrater reliability were found in separate and combined scores from the Social Profile measurements. Conclusion: These ICC reliability rates indicate that the Social Profile interrater scores are adequately high for acceptable measurement of social and activity participation levels in clinical, community and school groups.
Generalizing determinization from automata to coalgebras

The powerset construction is a standard method for converting a nondeter- ministic automaton into a deterministic one recognizing the same language. In this paper, we lift the powerset construction from automata to the more general framework of coal- gebras with structured state spaces. Coalgebra is an abstract framework for the uniform study of different kinds of dynamical systems. An endofunctor F determines both the type of systems (F-coalgebras) and a notion of behavioural equivalence (�F) amongst them. Many types of transition systems and their equivalences can be captured by a functor F. For example, for deterministic automata the derived equivalence is language equivalence, while for non-deterministic automata it is ordinary bisimilarity. We give several examples of applications of our generalized determinization construc- tion, including partial Mealy machines, (structured) Moore automata, Rabin probabilistic automata, and, somewhat surprisingly, even pushdown automata. To further witness the generality of the approach we show how to characterize coalgebraically several equivalences which have been object of interest in the concurrency community, such as failure or ready semantics.
Collaborative reflections on using island maps to express new lecturers’ academic identity

New lecturers may find the notion of academic identity difficult to grasp, yet it potentially provides them with a means of revealing issues of self, career and work-life balance. In this paper, we introduce an innovative research strategy and democratic research framework which have enabled us to explore new lecturers’ academic identities in self-revelatory ways. This collaborative inquiry was undertaken by two teaching staff and four former students of a postgraduate certificate in higher education professional practice at a UK post-92 university. Through our innovative research strategy, one’s academic identity is conceptualised as the map of an island featuring actual or potential personal characteristics, qualities and interests. The visual metaphors and clustering of these attributes, together with individuals’ reflective commentaries on creating their own academic identity maps, lead us tentatively to characterise four alternative expressions of identity: the multifaceted whole, the layered self, the interlinked self and the fragmented self.
Reported Incomes and Marginal Tax Rates, 1960-2000: Evidence and Policy Implications

This paper uses income tax return data from 1960 to 2000 to analyze the link between reported incomes and marginal tax rates. Only the top 1 percent of income earners show evidence of behavioral responses to taxation. The data display striking heterogeneity in the size of responses to tax changes over time, with no response either short-term or long-term for the very large Kennedy top income tax cuts in the early 1960s, and striking evidence of responses, at least in the short term, to the tax changes since the 1980s. The 1980s tax cuts generated a surge in business income reported by high-income individual taxpayers, due to a shift away from the corporate sector, and the disappearance of business losses for tax avoidance. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 and the recent 1993 tax increase generated large short-term responses of wages and salaries reported by top income earners most likely because of retiming in compensation to take advantage of the tax changes. It is unlikely, however, that the extraordinary trend upward of the shares of total wages accruing to top wage income earners, which started in the 1970s and accelerated in the 1980s and especially the late 1990s, can be explained solely by the evolution of marginal tax rates.
Enhancement of image degraded by fog using cost function based on human visual model

In foggy weather conditions, images become degraded due to the presence of airlight that is generated by scattering light by fog particles. In this paper, we propose an effective method to correct the degraded image by subtracting the estimated airlight map from the degraded image. The airlight map is generated using multiple linear regression, which models the relationship between regional airlight and the coordinates of the image pixels. Airlight can then be estimated using a cost function that is based on the human visual model, wherein a human is more insensitive to variations of the luminance in bright regions than in dark regions. For this objective, the luminance image is employed for airlight estimation. The luminance image is generated by an appropriate fusion of the R, G, and B components. Representative experiments on real foggy images confirm significant enhancement in image quality over the degraded image.
PPEP: Online Performance, Power, and Energy Prediction Framework and DVFS Space Exploration

Performance, power, and energy (PPE) are critical aspects of modern computing. It is challenging to accurately predict, in real time, the effect of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) on PPE across a wide range of voltages and frequencies. This results in the use of reactive, iterative, and inefficient algorithms for dynamically finding good DVFS states. We propose PPEP, an online PPE prediction framework that proactively and rapidly searches the DVFS space. PPEP uses hardware events to implement both a cycles-per-instruction (CPI) model as well as a per-core power model in order to predict PPE across all DVFS states. We verify on modern AMD CPUs that the PPEP power model achieves an average error of 4.6% (2.8% standard deviation) on 152 benchmark combinations at 5 distinct voltage-frequency states. Predicting average chip power across different DVFS states achieves an average error of 4.2% with a 3.6% standard deviation. Further, we demonstrate the usage of PPEP by creating and evaluating a highly responsive power capping mechanism that can meet power targets in a single step. PPEP also provides insights for future development of DVFS technologies. For example, we find that it is important to carefully consider background workloads for DVFS policies and that enabling north bridge DVFS can offer up to 20% additional energy saving or a 1.4x performance improvement.
Improved Behavioral Animation Through Regression

Behavioral and cognitive modeling have become popular for creating autonomous, selfanimating virtual characters. However, existing techniques have some weaknesses. In particular, cognitive models are usually very computationally expensive, limiting their usefulness. Also, behavioral and cognitive models can behave unexpectedly since it may be impossible to exhaustively test the model for the entire input space (especially if the input space is continuous). In this paper we present a general technique for approximating behavioral and cognitive models through regression with machine learning. This provides several benefits, such as fast execution in fixed time, and generalization using a finite set of known behavior examples. We examine the usefulness of alternative machine learning techniques for our problem of interest, and compare their strengths and weaknesses. We also present a custom method for automatic input selection, which helps simplify the process of machine learning to approximate a behavioral/cognitive model.
Code-Switching in the EFL Classroom: Friend or Foe?

Bilingual speakers tend to switch codes when they communicate due to different reasons such as comfort, negotiation of meaning, mutual adjustment, and better comprehension. It is widely believed that bilingual learners code-switch because they have a poor level of proficiency in the second language. One of the goals of this article is to find out why Costa Rican bilingual students and teachers switch codes and what factors influence this behavior. For this purpose, a survey was carried out among both Costa Rican EFL students and professors. Additionally, the study seeks to identify when code-switching could be helpful for students’ learning.
The impact of facilities on student choice of university

Despite rhetoric of added value, facilities management suffers a dearth of objectively researched, publicly available information concerning the impact of facilities on businesses at the level of market sectors or individual organisations. This paper aims to correct that situation for UK higher education institutions. A survey of undergraduates starting university in 2001 has confirmed, to high levels of significance, earlier research with the 2000 intake. For many institutions, facilities factors, where provided to a high standard, are perceived as having an important influence on students’ choice of institution. Year‐on‐year comparisons show strong agreement at the global level and, where data could be gathered, at the institutional level. Individual institutions show marked differences, significant at levels of confidence of over 95 per cent. A comparison of “reputational pull” and “facilities pull” is suggested as a means of differentiating the “brand” of different institutions.
Reducing Prison Misconducts

A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of correctional treatment for reducing institutional misconducts. Sixty-eight studies generated 104 effect sizes involving 21,467 offenders. Behavioral treatment programs produced the strongest effects (r = .26, CI = .18to .34). The numbers of criminogenic needs targeted and program therapeutic integrity were found to be important moderators of effect size. Prison programs producing the greatest reductions in misconduct were also associated with larger reductions in recidivism. The magnitudes of various indices of treatment effect size with respect to misconducts were remarkably similar to results in the correctional treatment literature where community recidivism is the criterion. Recommendations are made that will assist prison authorities to manage prisons in a safe and humane manner.