Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Restoration of MPTP-induced deficits by exercise and Milmed® co-treatment

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induces permanent neurochemical and functional deficits. Following the administration of either two or four injections of the dopamine neurotoxin, MPTP, at a dose of 40 mg/kg, C57/BL6 mice were given access to running-wheels (30-min sessions, four times/week, Monday–Thursday) and treatment with the treated yeast, Milmed® (four times/week, Monday–Thursday), or simply running-wheel exercise by itself, over ten weeks. It was observed that the combination of physical exercise and Milmed® treatment, the MPTP + Exercise + Yeast (MC) group [MPTP + Exercise + Milmed® (MC)], restored spontaneous motor activity markedly by test day 10, restored completely subthreshold L-Dopa-induced activity, and dopamine concentration to 76% of control values, in the condition wherein two administrations of MPTP (2 × 40 mg/kg) were given prior to initiation of exercise and/or Milmed® treatment. Physical exercise by itself, MPTP + Exercise (MC) group, attenuated these deficits only partially. Administration of MPTP four times (i.e., 40 mg/kg, s.c., once weekly over four weeks for a total of 160 mg/kg, MPTP + Exercise + Yeast (MC) group [MPTP + Exercise + Milmed® (SC)] and MPTP + Exercise (SC), induced a lesioning effect that was far too severe for either exercise alone or the exercise + Milmed® combination to ameliorate. Nevertheless, these findings indicate a powerful effect of physical exercise reinforced by Milmed® treatment in restoring MPTP-induced deficits of motor function and dopamine neurochemistry in mice.
High-density genotyping of STAT4 reveals multiple haplotypic associations with systemic lupus erythematosus in different racial groups.

OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical systemic autoimmune disorder, with complex etiology and a strong genetic component. Recently, gene products involved in the interferon pathway have been under intense investigation in terms of the pathogenesis of SLE. STAT-1 and STAT-4 are transcription factors that play key roles in the interferon and Th1 signaling pathways, making them attractive candidates for involvement in SLE susceptibility. METHODS Fifty-six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across STAT1 and STAT4 on chromosome 2 were genotyped using the Illumina platform, as part of an extensive association study in a large collection of 9,923 lupus patients and control subjects from different racial groups. DNA samples were obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with SLE and control subjects. Principal components analyses and population-based case-control association analyses were performed, and the P values, false discovery rate q values, and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS We observed strong genetic associations with SLE and multiple SNPs located within STAT4 in different ethnic groups (Fisher's combined P = 7.02 x 10(-25)). In addition to strongly confirming the previously reported association in the third intronic region of this gene, we identified additional haplotypic association across STAT4 and, in particular, a common risk haplotype that is found in multiple racial groups. In contrast, only a relatively weak suggestive association was observed with STAT1, probably due to its proximity to STAT4. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that STAT4 is likely to be a crucial component in SLE pathogenesis in multiple racial groups. Knowledge of the functional effects of this association, when they are revealed, might improve our understanding of the disease and provide new therapeutic targets.
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Subtopic structuring for full-length document access

We argue that the advent of large volumes of full-length text, as opposed to short texts like abstracts and newswire, should be accompanied by corresponding new approaches to information access. Toward this end, we discuss the merits of imposing structure on full-length text documents; that is, a partition of the text into coherent multi-paragraph units that represent the pattern of subtopics that comprise the text. Using this structure, we can make a distinction between the main topics, which occur throughout the length of the text, and the subtopics, which are of only limited extent. We discuss why recognition of subtopic structure is important and how, to some degree of accuracy, it can be found. We describe a new way of specifying queries on full-length documents and then describe an experiment in which making use of the recognition of local structure achieves better results on a typical information retrieval task than does a standard IR measure.
RESEARCH SARS EPIDEMIOLOGY

studied the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in Taiwan, using the daily case-reporting data from May 5 to June 4 to learn how it had spread so rapidly. Our results indicate that most SARS-infected persons had symptoms and were admitted before their infections were reclassified as probable cases. This finding could indicate efficient admission, slow reclassification process, or both. The high percentage of nosocomial infections in Taiwan suggests that infection from hospitalized patients with suspected, but not yet classified, cases is a major factor in the spread of disease. Delays in reclassifi-cation also contributed to the problem. Because accurate diagnostic testing for SARS is currently lacking, intervention measures aimed at more efficient diagnosis, isolation of suspected SARS patients, and reclassification procedures could greatly reduce the number of infections in future outbreaks.
Surface–bulk interrelation in a PbZrO3 single crystal

In many cases, functionality is connected with the response of a material to the action of an external electric field. In oxidic perovskites, so widely used in practice, a disadvantage is their surface chemical instability when subjected to an electric field. That is why investigations of the influence of a high intensity alternating electric field on the phase transition temperatures and chemical properties of the surface and bulk of single crystals of PbZrO3 intentionally made defective by doping with niobium have been undertaken. It has been demonstrated that defects produced through the electro-degradation process make the low-field dielectric response a highly diffusive one, but they do not obscure the sharp phase transitions detected by temperature changes in the bulk piezoelectric and electrostrictive deformation around the critical temperature. Based on XPS spectra, the types of defects at the surface and in the bulk of as-grown single crystals caused by the electric field action are identified. It has been shown that the surface–bulk interrelation in ferroic lead zirconate and solid solutions based on this material has to be taken into account while trying to use them as high quality functional materials.
Expanding the role of mobile devices in the operating room: direct wireless connection to the anesthesia monitor.

OST MODERN ANESTHESIA monitors provide an open-source communication interface to the monitored data. These interfaces are included in order to permit the hardwired connection of the monitor to a separate recording system and to allow the integration of the monitor’s data with that generated by other medical devices. If the monitors are connected to a server-based patient information system, it is possible (but expensive) to transmit a subset of the monitored data to a mobile device (“the device”) with a significant delay. 1,2 However, with the advent of wireless RS232 serial adapters, a direct connection between the device and the monitor (using either ‘Bluetooth’ or ‘Wi-Fi’ technologies) can be implemented and the complete monitored dataset then made available in near real time to the device user. The processing power, display resolution, storage capacity, and connectivity of these devices is now so great that they can easily manage such connections. Furthermore, they can be “paired” simultaneously with other devices (such as “smart glasses” or “smart watches”), which then can process subsets of the monitored data in novel ways. In this technical communication, a method for implementing real-time, wireless data transfer from an anesthesia monitor to a mobile device is described, and the feasibility of the technique is demonstrated using a simple data display and recording application. The potential applications of this technology are outlined, and, finally, the problems posed by direct wireless data transfer are mentioned. IMPLEMENTATION
Vascular Permeability and Transvascular Fluid and Protein Transport in the Dog Lung

We used steady state lymph-to-plasma concentration ratios of six endogenous protein fractions (effective hydrodynamic radii of 37,40,44, 53,100, and 120 A) to estimate pulmonary capillary permeability characteristics. Pulmonary lymph was collected from an afferent lymphatic to the left tracheobronchial lymph node, and left atrial pressure was elevated in steps until the lymphatic protein concentration obtained a constant value. Lymph flow and transvascular protein flux increased with each increase in left atrial pressure. Convective flux was the predominant mode of transport for the smaller fractions, and solvent-drag reflection coefficients increased as lymph flow increased. This dependency on lymph flow (capillary filtration) indicates a heteroporous membrane system. For lymph flows greater than five times control, the solvent-drag reflection coefficients were: 0.59 ± 0.11, 0.52 ± 0.06, 0.66 ± 0.05, 0.70 ± 0.05, 1.01 ± 0.04, and 1.05 ± 0.03 for the six fractions. Osmotic reflection coefficients estimated from the minimal lymph-to-plasma concentration ratios were: 0.50 ± 0.03, 0.59 ± 0.02, 0.67 ± 0.04, 0.72 ± 0.03, 0.94 ± 0.01, and 0.96 ± 0.01 for the six protein fractions. The osmotic reflection coefficients are consistent with a two-"pore" exchange model possessing equivalent pore radii of 80 and 200 A. Theoretical considerations indicate that only the two largest protein fractions (100 A and 120 A radii) achieved filtration-independent concentrations in pulmonary lymph, even at the highest filtration rates. This suggests that the reported osmotic reflection coefficients of the four small protein fractions underestimate their true values. Circ Res 48: 549-561, 1981
Safety of therapeutic methylphenidate in adults: a systematic review of the evidence

Abstract Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood. Stimulant drugs, including methylphenidate, have showed efficacy in trials for ADHD in adults. Adult psychiatrists are likely to encounter increasing numbers of adult patients who may benefit from methylphenidate. A systematic review of the literature was made to examine the evidence on the safety of methylphenidate, when used therapeutically in adults. Twenty-six placebo-controlled trials were found, in which 811 adults received methylphenidate for ADHD and other conditions. In the short term, methylphenidate was well tolerated and no serious side effects were observed. There is little information on the long-term safety of methylphenidate in adults, although the number of serious adverse effects reported to regulatory authorities has, so far, been low. Methylphenidate is associated with a modest rise in blood pressure and heart rate. Surveys of stimulant use in US universities show that misuse of prescribed medication, for recreation or to enhance study, is fairly common although the level of harm that arises from this practice is unclear.
A Resource for Constructing Customized Test Suites for Molecular Biology Entity Identification Systems

This paper describes a data source and methodology for producing customized test suites for molecular biology entity identification systems. The data consists of: (a) a set of gene names and symbols classified by a taxonomy of features that are relevant to the performance of entity identification systems, and (b) a set of sentential environments into which names and symbols are inserted to create test data and the associated gold standard. We illustrate the utility of test sets producible by this methodology by applying it to five entity identification systems and describing the error patterns uncovered by it, and investigate relationships between performance on a customized test suite generated from this data and the performance of a system on two corpora.
A germline missense mutation R337C in exon 10 of the human p53 gene

Germline mutations in the p53 gene have been extensively characterized. The majority of these mutations have been located in the first 300 amino acids with most discovered in exons 4-9. Sequential analysis of osteosarcoma patients has revealed that 2-3% of osteosarcoma patients carry germline mutations in the p53 gene. We have screened several osteosarcoma patients from a cohort of osteosarcoma families for germline mutations in the p53 gene. We identified one kindred in which the proband and his affected father had an inherited C+T mutation in codon 337 in exon 10. This mutation is outside the region of common germline mutations and suggests that missense mutations in the C-terminus region of p53 may also be predisposing to cancer.
PM2PLS: An Integration of Proxy Mobile IPv6 and MPLS

This paper proposes a handover scheme supporting MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) in a Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) domain that improves the mobility and gives Quality of Service (QoS) and Traffic Engineering (TE) capabilities in wireless access networks. The proposed scheme takes advantages of both PMIPv6 and MPLS. PMIPv6 was designed to provide NETwork-based Localized Mobility Management (NETLMM) support to a Mobile Node (MN); therefore, the MN does not perform any mobility related signaling, while MPLS is used as an alternative tunneling technology between the Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) and the Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) replacing the IP-in-IP tunnels with Label Switched Path (LSP) tunnels. It can also be integrated with other QoS architectures such as Differentiated Services (DiffServ) and/or Integrated Services (IntServ). In this study, we used MATLAB to perform an analysis to evaluate the impact of introducing MPLS technology in PMIPv6 domain based on handover latency, operational overhead and packet loss during the handover. This was compared with PMIPv6, and a PMIPv6/MPLS integration. We proved that the proposed scheme can give better performance
Cancer risk among Finnish food industry workers

Occupational cancer risks suggested among food industry workers are inconclusive. The objective of our study was to assess associations between different cancers and working in the food industry in Finland. The carcinogenic exposures are mainly inhalatory, and we were therefore interested in respiratory cancers in particular. We followed up a cohort of all economically active Finns born between 1906 and 1945 for 30 million person‐years during 1971–95. The 1970 Census data on occupations were linked with data on subsequent incident cancer cases. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for each occupation using the economically active population as the reference. A total of 2,526 incident cancer cases were observed. Elevated risks were observed among male food industry workers for pancreatic (SIR = 1.50, CI = 1.13–1.96) and kidney cancers (1.51, 1.16–1.94). With respect to specific occupations, there was an excess of lung cancer among female bakers (1.38, 1.01–1.85) and laryngeal cancer among male grain millers (2.60, 1.05–5.36). Occupational exposure is unlikely to be a major risk factor for cancer among Finnish workers employed in typical food industry occupations. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short Sleep Duration Is Related to Emerging Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Children

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sleep duration on cardiovascular risk factors in obese children. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 90 obese children ages 7 to 16 years. Anthropometric and clinical evaluation with specification of dietary and lifestyle habits was carried out during an office visit. Sleep duration was evaluated by the BEARS (B = bedtime issues, E = excessive daytime sleepiness, A = night awakening, R = regularity and duration of sleep, S = snoring) questionnaire on children's sleep characteristics. Sleep time adequacy by age was assessed according to the criteria of the National Sleep Foundation. Biochemical blood variables indicative of metabolic risk (glucose, lipid profile, and insulin) were obtained. Emergent new factors of metabolic risk, including high-sensitive C-reactive protein, &ggr;-glutamyltranspeptidase, homocysteine, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), inflammatory markers, and the adipokines leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin were also evaluated. The relations between the duration of sleep and these variables were analyzed by general lineal model analysis. Significant variables were introduced in logistic regression analysis to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of cardiometabolic factors with respect to sleep. Results: Children who slept for short duration were significantly more at risk of severe central obesity. In the regression model, the mean arterial pressure (odds ratio [OR] 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.17, P = 0.008), homocysteine (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08–1.84, P = 0.013), RBP4 (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.15–2.78, P = 0.010), and TSH (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.21–3.34, P = 0.007) remain as significant independent predictors related to short sleep duration. We did not find any association between sleep duration and inflammatory markers or adipokines. Conclusions: Short sleep duration increases the severity of obesity and is related to cardiovascular risk factors in children.
SPARTan: Scalable PARAFAC2 for Large & Sparse Data

In exploratory tensor mining, a common problem is how to analyze a set of variables across a set of subjects whose observations do not align naturally. For example, when modeling medical features across a set of patients, the number and duration of treatments may vary widely in time, meaning there is no meaningful way to align their clinical records across time points for analysis purposes. To handle such data, the state-of-the-art tensor model is the so-called PARAFAC2, which yields interpretable and robust output and can naturally handle sparse data. However, its main limitation up to now has been the lack of efficient algorithms that can handle large-scale datasets. In this work, we fill this gap by developing a scalable method to compute the PARAFAC2 decomposition of large and sparse datasets, called SPARTan. Our method exploits special structure within PARAFAC2, leading to a novel algorithmic reformulation that is both faster (in absolute time) and more memory-efficient than prior work. We evaluate SPARTan on both synthetic and real datasets, showing 22X performance gains over the best previous implementation and also handling larger problem instances for which the baseline fails. Furthermore, we are able to apply SPARTan to the mining of temporally-evolving phenotypes on data taken from real and medically complex pediatric patients. The clinical meaningfulness of the phenotypes identified in this process, as well as their temporal evolution over time for several patients, have been endorsed by clinical experts.
Systolic Routing in Sparse Optical Torus

In this paper we present an all-optical network architecture and a systolic routing protocol for it. The sparse optical torus network consists of an n×n torus, where processors are deployed diagonally. The systolic routing protocol ensures that no electro-optical conversion is needed in the intermediate routing nodes and all the packets injected into the routing machinery will reach their targets without collisions.
Infections and inflammatory diseases as risk factors for venous thrombosis

Summary Inflammation and venous thrombosis are intertwined. Only in the recent 15 years clinical epidemiological studies have focussed on inflammatory or infectious diseases as risk factors for venous thrombosis. Although a few reviews and many case reports or studies on these topic has been written, a review reporting relative or absolute risks for venous thrombosis has not been published yet. We performed a systematic review using Medline, Pubmed and Embase and found 31 eligible articles. Inflammatory bowel disease, ANCA-associated vasculitis, infections in general and more specifically, human immunodeficiency virus, pneumonia and urinary tract infections are associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis.
Electronically tunable mid-infrared mode-locked dysprosium fiber laser with over 330nm tunability

Mode-locked fiber lasers are currently limited to sub-3-μm wavelengths, despite application-driven demand for longer wavelength mid-IR pulse sources. Erbium- and holmium-doped fluoride fiber lasers are emerging for 2.7-2.9 μm emission, yet further extending this coverage is challenging. Here, we propose a new approach using dysprosium-doped fiber with frequency shifted feedback (FSF), achieving 33 ps pulses with up to 2.7 nJ energy, tunable from 2.97 to 3.30 μm. Notably, this is the longest wavelength mode-locked fiber laser and the most broadly tunable pulsed fiber source to date. Simulations are also performed, offering insights into the dynamics of FSF pulse generation.
Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cell Biology Kindlin-1 Is Required for RhoGTPase-Mediated Lamellipodia Formation in Keratinocytes

From the Department of Dermatology,* University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; the Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; the Centers for Biochemistry, and Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; the Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; INSERM U385, Nice, France; the Faculty of Medicine,** University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France; and the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies–School of Life Sciences Lifenet, Freiburg, Germany
Top-Down Proteomics and Farm Animal and Aquatic Sciences

Proteomics is a field of growing importance in animal and aquatic sciences. Similar to other proteomic approaches, top-down proteomics is slowly making its way within the vast array of proteomic approaches that researchers have access to. This opinion and mini-review article is dedicated to top-down proteomics and how its use can be of importance to animal and aquatic sciences. Herein, we include an overview of the principles of top-down proteomics and how it differs regarding other more commonly used proteomic methods, especially bottom-up proteomics. In addition, we provide relevant sections on how the approach was or can be used as a research tool and conclude with our opinions of future use in animal and aquatic sciences.