Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of GARCH-EVT Model in Dynamic VaR

Considering both the characteristics of clustering volatility and fat-tail of the data distribution of returns on financial assets especially the impact of conditional heteroscedaticity on the estimate of dynamic VAR,a GARCH-EVT model is developed by EVT(extreme value theory) to calculate the dynamic VAR(value at risk) of SSCI(Shanghai stock comprehensive index),then the model is compared with the GARCH-NORMAL model.The empirical analysis and posterior test results reveal that the GARCH-EVT model is superior to the GARCH-NORMAL model,because the former can solve better the problems of clustering volatility and fat-tail phenomenon.So it provides the managers and investors with quantitatively useful means for risk control.
Evaluation of conditional VaR based on threshold quantile regression model

In most articles,quantile regression model is linear,but in practice,this assumption can not suit the practical demand very well.So in this paper,a new threshold quantile regression model is presented,and an empirical analysis on Pudong Devlopment Bank stock based on this model is given.In this paper,a liquidity risk measure is picked as the condition variable,so the conditional VaR is also a liquidity-adjusted VaR.By the empirical analysis,the result obtained based on threshold quantile regression model can describe the practical market better,and forecast the market risk better.
CDK5 Regulatory Subunit-associated Protein 1-Like 1 (CDKAL1) Is a Tail-anchored Protein in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) of Insulinoma Cells*

Background: Cdkal1 is a type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility gene responsible for tRNALys modification. Results: CDKAL1 is a tail-anchored protein inserted in the ER via the TRC40/Get3 pathway. Its down-regulation affects the expression of some insulin granule proteins and the ER stress marker CHOP10. Conclusion: CDKAL1 participates in translation of insulin granule proteins and ER stress. Significance: Characterizing CDKAL1 contributes to T2D research. Genome-wide association studies have led to the identification of numerous susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes. Among them is Cdkal1, which is associated with reduced β-cell function and insulin release. Recently, CDKAL1 has been shown to be a methylthiotransferase that modifies tRNALys to enhance translational fidelity of transcripts, including the one encoding proinsulin. Here, we report that out of several CDKAL1 isoforms deposited in public databases, only isoform 1, which migrates as a 61-kDa protein by SDS-PAGE, is expressed in human islets and pancreatic insulinoma INS-1 and MIN6 cells. We show that CDKAL1 is a novel member of the tail-anchored protein family and exploits the TCR40/Get3-assisted pathway for insertion of its C-terminal transmembrane domain into the endoplasmic reticulum. Using endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and peptide:N-glycosidase F sensitivity assays on CDKAL1 constructs carrying an N-glycosylation site within the luminal domain, we further established that CDKAL1 is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein. Moreover, we observed that silencing CDKAL1 in INS-1 cells reduces the expression of secretory granule proteins prochromogranin A and proICA512/ICA512-TMF, in addition to proinsulin and insulin. This correlated with reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Taken together, our findings provide new insight into the role of CDKAL1 in insulin-producing cells and help to understand its involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Efficient Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields near Lightning Channel by Using SIBC in FDTD

This paper presents an efficient finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm to calculate the transient electromagnetic fields above conductive ground near lightning channel. Significant computational time and memory savings are achieved by using surface impedance boundary condition (SIBC) to avoid simulating the underground region. Numerical results are shown to validate the proposed method.
3D machine vision system for inspection of contact strips in railway vehicle current collectors

Construction and technical condition of current collectors is crucial to reliability and safety of railway transportation. According to the Technical Specifications for Interoperability railway vehicles in the European Union should be equipped with carbon contact strips. Excessive wear or defects of contact strips degrade the capability of undisturbed power transmission, cause faster wear of contact wire, and can even result in catenary rupture. The technical condition of contact strips is assessed manually during periodical services performed by rolling stock operators. However, rail infrastructure companies are also interested in pantographs inspection of the vehicles running within their network. A novel inspection system for current collectors contact strips is presented. The system uses a specialized camera and a laser line generator to scan the contact strips surface. The scanning is performed on a railway line, when a vehicle passes the inspection point. A prototype of the system was tested in the target conditions and sample scanning results were recorded. Basic algorithms for automatic analysis of contact strips wear were introduced. Accuracy and repeatability of the measurement were assessed. The potential of commercial implementation of the system was confirmed.
Automatic extraction of representative keyframes based on scene content

Generating indices for movies is a tedious and expensive process which we seek to automate. While algorithms for finding scene boundaries are readily available, there has been little work performed on selecting individual frames to concisely represent the scene. In this paper we present novel algorithms for automated selection of representative keyframes, based on scene content. Detailed description of several algorithms is followed by an analysis of how well humans feel the selected frames represent the scene. Finally we address how these algorithms can be integrated with existing algorithms for finding scene boundaries.
The SURMetaGIT study: Design and rationale for a prospective pan-omics examination of the gastrointestinal response to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery

Objective To describe the protocol of the SURgically induced Metabolic effects on the Human GastroIntestinal Tract (SURMetaGIT) study, a clinical pan-omics study exploring the gastrointestinal tract as a central organ driving remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The main points considered in the study’s design and challenges faced in its application are detailed. Methods This observational, longitudinal, prospective study involved collection of gastrointestinal biopsy specimens, faeces, urine, and blood from 25 obese women with T2DM who were candidates for RYGB (20 patients for omics assessment and 5 for omics validation). These collections were performed preoperatively and 3 and 24 months postoperatively. Gastrointestinal transcriptomics; faecal metagenomics and metabolomics; plasma proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics; and biochemical, nutritional, and metabolic data were assessed to identify their short- and long-term correlations with T2DM remission. Results Data were collected from 20 patients before and 3 months after RYGB. These patients have nearly completed the 2-year follow-up assessments. The five additional patients are currently being selected for omics data validation. Conclusion The multi-integrated pan-omics approach of the SURMetaGIT study enables integrated analysis of data that will contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in T2DM remission after RYGB.
A randomized double-blind, multicenter plasma concentration controlled study of the safety and efficacy of oral mycophenolate mofetil for the prevention of acute rejection after kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND Adding a fixed dose of 1 g b.i. d. of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to an immunosuppressive regimen consisting of cyclosporine and prednisone results in a 50% reduction in the incidence of acute rejection after kidney transplantation. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between pharmacokinetic data (mycophenolic acid area under the curve; MPA AUC) and the prevention of rejection after kidney transplantation. METHODS A total of 154 adult recipients of a primary or secondary cadaveric kidney graft were randomly allocated, in this double-blind trial, to receive MMF treatment aimed at three predefined target MPA AUC values (16.1, 32.2, and 60.6 microg x hr/ml). During the first 6 months after transplantation, plasma samples for nine AUCs were collected. After analysis of the samples, a coded dose adjustment advice was generated using a Bayesian algorithm, maintaining the double blinding. Immunosuppressive therapy further consisted of cyclosporine and prednisone. The primary end point of this study was the occurrence of biopsy-proven acute rejection within the 6-month study period. RESULTS A total of 150 patients were eligible for analysis. Although after day 21, the mean MMF dose was reduced, the mean MPA AUC gradually increased and target MPA AUC values were exceeded in all three groups. The incidences of biopsy-proven acute rejection in the low, intermediate, and high target MPA AUC groups were 14 of 51 (27.5%), 7 of 47 (14.9%), and 6 of 52 (11.5%), respectively. The incidences of premature withdrawal from the study due to adverse events in the three groups were 4 of 51 (7.8%), 11 of 47 (23.4%), and 23 of 52 (44.2%), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed a highly statistically significant relationship between median ln(MPA AUC) and the occurrence of a biopsy-proven rejection (P<0.001). The logistic regression using median ln(Cpredose) was also statistically significant for this relationship (P=0.01), whereas it was not when using mean MMF dose (P=0.082). In contrast, the logistic regression using mean MMF dose for comparison of patients who successfully completed the study versus patients experiencing premature withdrawal due to adverse events was highly significant (P<0.001), whereas this was not significant when using median ln(Cpredose) (P=0.512) or median ln(MPA AUC) (P=0.434). CONCLUSION MPA Cpredose and MPA AUC are significantly related to the incidence of biopsy-proven rejection after kidney transplantation, whereas MMF dose is significantly related to the occurrence of adverse events.
Topological property for collision-free nonholonomic motion planning: the case of sinusoidal inputs for chained form systems

Deals with nonholonomic motion planning including obstacle avoidance capabilities. We show that the methods developed in the absence of obstacles can be extended to the problem of obstacle avoidance, provided that they verify a topological property. Such steering methods allow us to design exact and complete collision-free path planners for a large family of systems. We show that the steering method using sinusoidal inputs applied to chained form systems fulfills the required conditions, and we illustrate its integration in collision-free path planning schemes through the tractor-trailers example.
Active Akt and Functional p53 Modulate Apoptosis in Abelson Virus-Transformed Pre-B Cells

ABSTRACT Suppression of apoptosis is an important feature of the Abelson murine leukemia virus (Ab-MLV) transformation process. During multistep transformation, Ab-MLV-infected pre-B cells undergo p53-dependent apoptosis during the crisis phase of transformation. Even once cells are fully transformed, an active v-Abl protein tyrosine kinase is required to suppress apoptosis because cells transformed by temperature-sensitive (ts) kinase mutants undergo rapid apoptosis after a shift to the nonpermissive temperature. However, inactivation of the v-Abl protein by a temperature shift interrupts signals transmitted via multiple pathways, making it difficult to identify those that are critically important for the suppression of apoptosis. To begin to dissect these pathways, we tested the ability of an SH2 domain Ab-MLV mutant, P120/R273K, to rescue aspects of the ts phenotype of pre-B cells transformed by the conditional kinase domain mutant. The P120/R273K mutant suppressed apoptosis at the nonpermissive temperature, a phenotype correlated with its ability to activate Akt. Apoptosis also was suppressed at the nonpermissive temperature by constitutively active Akt and in p53-null pre-B cells transformed with the ts kinase domain mutant. These data indicate that an intact Src homology 2 (SH2) domain is not critical for apoptosis suppression and suggest that signals transmitted through Akt and p53 play an important role in the response.
Accuracy of Kinect’s skeleton tracking for upper body rehabilitation applications

Abstract Games and their use in rehabilitation have formed a new and rapidly growing area of research. A critical hardware component of rehabilitation programs is the input device that measures the patients’ movements. After Microsoft released Kinect, extensive research has been initiated on its applications as an input device for rehabilitation. However, since most of the works in this area rely on a qualitative determination of the joints’ movements rather than an accurate quantitative one, detailed analysis of patients’ movements is hindered. The aim of this article is to determine the accuracy of the Kinect’s joint tracking. To fulfill this task, a model of upper body was fabricated. The displacements of the joint centers were estimated by Kinect at different positions and were then compared with the actual ones from measurement. Moreover, the dependency of Kinect’s error on distance and joint type was measured and analyzed. Implications for Rehabilitation It measures and reports the accuracy of a sensor that can be directly used for monitoring physical therapy exercises. Using this sensor facilitates remote rehabilitation.
Identifying gene ontology concepts in natural-language text

Gene-related discoveries are appearing in increasing volume in the scientific literature. The gene ontology (GO) provides standard ways of describing gene-related information, but GO terms seldom appear in their exact form in natural-language text. This paper describes a new tool, a biomedical text analyzer, for extracting GO terms and their variants from biomedical text.
Ultraviolet Light Inhibition of Phytochrome-Induced Flavonoid Biosynthesis and DNA Photolyase Formation in Mustard Cotyledons (Sinapis alba L.)

In cotyledons of etiolated mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedlings, phytochrome-far-red-absorbing form-induced flavonoid biosynthesis was found to be inhibited by short-term ultraviolet (UV) irradiations. UV inhibition was shown for the synthesis of quercetin, anthocyanin, and also for the accumulation of the mRNA for chalcone synthase, the key enzyme of this pathway. The UV effect was more pronounced on flavonoid biosynthesis, a process that selectively occurs in the epidermal layers, than on the synthesis of mRNA for chlorophyll a/b-binding protein localized in the mesophyll tissue. These UV inhibitory effects were accompanied by cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) formation showing a linear fluence-response relationship. CPD formation and UV inhibition of flavonoid biosynthesis was found to be partially reversible by blue/UV-A light via DNA photolyase (PRE), allowing photoreactivation of the DNA by splitting of CPDs, which are the cause of the UV effect. Like flavonoid formation PRE was also induced by the far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome and induction was inhibited by UV. A potential risk of inhibition, in response to solar UV-B irradiation, was shown for anthocyanin formation. This inhibition, however, occurred only if photoreactivation was experimentally reduced. The PRE activity present in the etiolated seedlings (further increasing about 5-fold during light acclimatization) appears to be sufficient to prevent the persistence of CPDs even under conditions of high solar irradiation.
Infinite probabilistic latent component analysis for audio source separation

This paper presents a statistical method of audio source separation based on a nonparametric Bayesian extension of probabilistic latent component analysis (PLCA). A major approach to audio source separation is to use nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that approximates the magnitude spectrum of a mixture signal at each frame as the weighted sum of fewer source spectra. Another approach is to use PLCA that regards the magnitude spectrogram as a two-dimensional histogram of “sound quanta” and classifies each quantum into one of sources. While NMF has a physically-natural interpretation, PLCA has been used successfully for music signal analysis. To enable PLCA to estimate the number of sources, we propose Dirichlet process PLCA (DP-PLCA) and derive two kinds of learning methods based on variational Bayes and collapsed Gibbs sampling. Unlike existing learning methods for nonparametric Bayesian NMF based on the beta or gamma processes (BP-NMF and GaP-NMF), our sampling method can efficiently search for the optimal number of sources without truncating the number of sources to be considered. Experimental results showed that DP-PLCA is superior to GaP-NMF in terms of source number estimation.
Space‐Mapped auditory projections from the inferior colliculus to the optic tectum in the barn owl (Tyto alba)

The optic tectum of the owl contains a topographic representation of auditory space. We have investigated the source of this space‐mapped auditory activity by using retrograde tracing with horseradish peroxidase. The major source of auditory input to the optic tectum is the ipsilateral external nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICX), which is known to contain a map of auditory space also. Additional minor projections originate in the superficial nucleus of the inferior colliculus and the nucleus isthmi parvocellularis. There is no apparent projection to the optic tectum from the contralateral ICX or any other brainstem auditory nucleus. The projection from the ICX to the optic tectum is point‐to‐point: rostral ICX projects to rostral tectum, caudal ICX to caudal tectum, dorsal ICX to dorsomedial tectum, and ventral ICX to ventral tectum. Thus, the space‐mapped organization that exists in the ICX is passed on by topographic projections to the optic tectum.
Structure of a Class I Tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate Aldolase

Tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase from Streptococcus pyogenes is a class I aldolase that exhibits a remarkable lack of chiral discrimination with respect to the configuration of hydroxyl groups at both C3 and C4 positions. The enzyme catalyzes the reversible cleavage of four diastereoisomers (fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), psicose 1,6-bisphosphate, sorbose 1,6-bisphosphate, and tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate) to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate with high catalytic efficiency. To investigate its enzymatic mechanism, high resolution crystal structures were determined of both native enzyme and native enzyme in complex with dihydroxyacetone-P. The electron density map revealed a (α/β)8 fold in each dimeric subunit. Flash-cooled crystals of native enzyme soaked with dihydroxyacetone phosphate trapped a covalent intermediate with carbanionic character at Lys205, different from the enamine mesomer bound in stereospecific class I FBP aldolase. Structural analysis indicates extensive active site conservation with respect to class I FBP aldolases, including conserved conformational responses to DHAP binding and conserved stereospecific proton transfer at the DHAP C3 carbon mediated by a proximal water molecule. Exchange reactions with tritiated water and tritium-labeled DHAP at C3 hydrogen were carried out in both solution and crystalline state to assess stereochemical control at C3. The kinetic studies show labeling at both pro-R and pro-S C3 positions of DHAP yet detritiation only at the C3 pro-S-labeled position. Detritiation of the C3 pro-R label was not detected and is consistent with preferential cis-trans isomerism about the C2–C3 bond in the carbanion as the mechanism responsible for C3 epimerization in tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase.
Clinical Characteristics of Self-Mutilating Behavior in Turkish Male Subjects With Antisocial Personality Disorder: Relationship To Psychopathy

Aims: The aims of this study were to determine the characteristics of self-mutilation (SM) and examine the relationship between SM and psychopathy in male subjects with antisocial personality disorder (APD). Methods: APD diagnosis was established by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Axis II Disorders. Subjects (N = 116) were assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised and a semi-structured self-mutilation questionnaire form. Results: In males with APD, the percentages of psychopathy and SM were 48.3% (N =56) and 96.6% (N = 112), respectively. There were positive correlations between severity of psychopathy and severity, number, and frequency of SM. Conclusion: Considerably high rates of SM and psychopathy were found in Turkish males with APD. The features of SM were associated with comorbidity of psychopathy. These results showed the importance of exploring the self-injurious behavior and psychopathy when diagnosed with APD.
Effect of 9 mm tibial tuberosity advancement on cranial tibial translation in the canine cranial cruciate ligament-deficient stifle.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of 9 mm tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) on cranial tibial translation (CTT) in a cranial cruciate ligament (CCL)-deficient canine stifle model. STUDY DESIGN In vitro cadaveric study. ANIMALS Canine pelvic limbs (n=12). METHODS Each stifle was placed in a jig at 135 degrees with a simulated quadriceps force and tibial axial force. CTT distance was measured with the CCL intact (iCCL), transected (tCCL), and after performing TTA using a 9 mm cage. RESULTS Mean CTT for iCCL was 0.42 mm, 1.58 mm after severing the CCL, and 1.06 mm post-TTA. The tCCL CTT measured without any quadriceps force was 2.59 mm. Differences between the intact and tCCL (P<.0001) and tCCL and TTA (P=.0003) were significant. The difference between the tCCL with and without the quadriceps force was not significant (P=.0597). CONCLUSIONS These data confirm that TTA does reduce CTT in tCCL stifles in this model. The CTT noted was less than that noted clinically. The addition of a simulated quadriceps force to a CCL-deficient stifle before a TTA, by itself, may not significantly lessen CTT. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Whereas this in vitro model demonstrated that TTA reduced CTT in canine stifles with CCL transected, the model limitations preclude extrapolation to the effect of TTA in a live dog.