Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low plasma cholesterol: a correlate of nondiagnosed celiac disease in adults with hypochromic anemia

OBJECTIVES:Hypochromic anemia is at times attributable to nondiagnosed celiac disease. The aim of this study was to define the correlates of celiac disease in anemic adults without overt malabsorption.METHODS:One hundred patients with hypochromic anemia and without diarrhea underwent a complete diagnostic work-up, including screening for celiac disease, i.e., upper endoscopy with duodenal biopsy and search of antiendomysium antibodies.RESULTS:Patients with hypochromic anemia were from two different Divisions and were analyzed as a single group because they were not significantly different for any variable. Hypochromic anemia was attributable to celiac disease in 10 patients. Compared to anemic patients without celiac disease, anemic patients with celiac disease had significant or borderline significant differences for plasma cholesterol (−17.9%), albumin (−9.4%), and body mass index (−11.8%), but not for gender distribution, age, weight, height, blood hemoglobin, mean corpuscolar volume, plasma iron, and ferritin. All anemic patients with celiac disease had plasma cholesterol <156 mg/100 ml. Within the entire cohort of anemic patients, plasma cholesterol inversely related to prevalence of celiac disease (p < 0.001); also plasma albumin and body mass index inversely related to celiac disease, but coefficients were borderline significant (p= 0.056 and 0.052, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:The data suggest that among patients with hypochromic anemia, plasma cholesterol in the high-to-normal range could be used to exclude the presence of celiac disease. Other nutritional markers are less sensitive as indices of risk of celiac disease. Hematological indices are not of help to define the risk of celiac disease in anemic patients without signs of malabsorption.
Audio Hot Spotting and Retrieval using Multiple Features

This paper reports our on-going efforts to exploit multiple features derived from an audio stream using source material such as broadcast news, teleconferences, and meetings. These features are derived from algorithms including automatic speech recognition, automatic speech indexing, speaker identification, prosodic and audio feature extraction. We describe our research prototype -- the Audio Hot Spotting System -- that allows users to query and retrieve data from multimedia sources utilizing these multiple features. The system aims to accurately find segments of user interest, i.e., audio hot spots within seconds of the actual event. In addition to spoken keywords, the system also retrieves audio hot spots by speaker identity, word spoken by a specific speaker, a change of speech rate, and other non-lexical features, including applause and laughter. Finally, we discuss our approach to semantic, morphological, phonetic query expansion to improve audio retrieval performance and to access cross-lingual data.
IPStash: a power-efficient memory architecture for IP-lookup

High-speed routers often use commodity, fully-associative, TCAMs (ternary content addressable memories) to perform packet classification and routing (IP-lookup). We propose a memory architecture called IPStash to act as a TCAM replacement, offering at the same time, better functionality, higher performance, and significant power savings. The premise of our work is that full associativity is not necessary for IP-lookup. Rather, we show that the required associativity is simply a function of the routing table size. We propose a memory architecture similar to set-associative caches but enhanced with mechanisms to facilitate IP-lookup and in particular longest prefix match. To perform longest prefix match efficiently in a set-associative array, we restrict routing table prefixes to a small number of lengths using a controlled prefix expansion technique. Since this inflates the routing tables, we use skewed associativity to increase the effective capacity of our devices. Compared to previous proposals, IPStash does not require any complicated routing table transformations but more importantly, it makes incremental updates to the routing tables effortless. The proposed architecture is also easily expandable. Our simulations show that IPStash is both fast and power efficient compared to TCAMs. Specifically, IPStash devices - built in the same technology as TCAMS - can run at speeds in excess of 600 MHz, offer more than twice the search throughput (>200Msps), and consume up to 35% less power (for the same throughput) than the best commercially available TCAMs when testes with real routing tables and IP traffic.
Measuring Semantic Similarity Based on WordNet

Semantic similarity between concepts is a fundamental problem and plays an important role in many applications of artificial intelligence, knowledge sharing and Web mining. In this paper, a new measure based on semantic ontology database WordNet is proposed which combines information content-based measure and the edge-counting techniques to measure semantic similarity. "PART-OF" and "IS-A" hierarchical relations’ influence are considered on the semantic similarity in this paper. Breadth-first search is used to find the shortest path between two concepts. The similarity of hiberarchy and superposition are calculated respectively. WordNet3.0 is employed; JWNL1.4. 1 is used to operate WordNet. According to the experiment against a benchmark set by human similarity judgment, our measure achieves a better result.
Simulation and validation of the ruminal digestion of carbohydrates in cattle from kinetic parameters obtained by in vitro gas production technique

This study aimed to validate the estimates of the ruminal degradation of total carbohydrates (TC), ruminal and total digestion of fibrous carbohydrates (FC) and microbial nitrogen flow in the abomasum evaluated by in vitro gas production technique (IVGP). Six ruminally and abomasally cannulated steers arranged in a double 3 × 3 latin square were used to measure described parameters with indigestible neutral detergent fiber (INDF) utilization as marker. Total and fibrous carbohydrates degraded in the rumen were estimated through digestion rates obtained for fibrous (FC) and non fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) using in vitro gas production technique, corrected for its respective ruminal and postruminal passage rates. The estimation of the total digestion of FC was done by the sum of ruminal and post-ruminal digestion of these compounds. The microbial nitrogen flow in the abomasum was estimated by the calculating the microbial efficiency of bacteria that ferment FC and NFC, utilizing the microbial growth rate obtained by the ruminal digestion rate for carbohydrate fractions in IVGP. The utilization of the in vitro gas production technique allows obtaining accurate estimates of the ruminal digestion of total carbohydrates, total and ruminal digestion of fiber carbohydrates and microbial protein flow in the abomasum.
Measurement of Cyclic 3’, 5’-Adenosine Monophosphate by the Activation of Skeletal Muscle Protein Kinase*

SUMMARY Cyclic 3’,5’-adenosine monophosphate can be measured directly in crude tissue extracts by its stimulation of the rate of phosphorylation of casein catalyzed by skeletal muscle protein kinase. The reaction is carried out in the presence of tissue extract, which had been treated with and freed of trichloracetic acid, y-32P-ATP-Mg2+, purified casein, and partly purified rabbit muscle protein kinase. The phos-phorylated casein is isolated on filter paper discs. Cyclic AMP can be measured in 5 mg of tissue in the amount of 5 X lo-l3 moles. Forty extracts can be assayed in 5 hours. Reproducibility of measurements made on heart, liver, skeletal muscle, and fat pad from several mammalian species varied kt5 %. The validity of the assay is shown by measurements at various tissue dilutions, by the effect of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase treatment, by recovery of cyclic AMP added to tissue extracts, and by increases
Velocity during Strength and Power Training of the Ankle Plantar and Dorsiflexor Muscles in Older Patients Attending Day Hospital Rehabilitation

Power training has been proposed as a more effective type of resistance training for older adults for functional performance. It is not yet known whether older adults respond appropriately to instructions for power versus strength training. The purpose of this study was to determine the velocity during strength and power training, with elastic resistance bands, in older adults attending a geriatric rehabilitation day program. It was hypothesized that power training would be faster than strength training, but that there would be large interindividual differences. Nine older patients (70 to 86 years) performed power and strength training of the ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor muscles using elastic resistance bands. Training sessions were filmed to assess the velocity of training. Power training occurred at faster velocities as compared to strength training (P < 0.01) for both muscle groups. However, a wide variation was observed between participants in the training velocities. Older adults attending geriatric rehabilitation do have the potential to develop faster contractions during power training as compared to strength training. Nevertheless, the actual velocities achieved differed between individuals. This could explain some of the mixed findings of studies on power training. Hence, researchers should monitor velocity when comparing different types of resistance training.
Confocal microwave imaging for breast cancer detection: localization of tumors in three dimensions

The physical basis for breast tumor detection with microwave imaging is the contrast in dielectric properties of normal and malignant breast tissues. Confocal microwave imaging involves illuminating the breast with an ultra-wideband pulse from a number of antenna locations, then synthetically focusing reflections from the breast. The detection of malignant tumors is achieved by the coherent addition of returns from these strongly scattering objects. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of detecting and localizing small (<1 cm) tumors in three dimensions with numerical models of two system configurations involving synthetic cylindrical and planar antenna arrays. Image formation algorithms are developed to enhance tumor responses and reduce early- and late-time clutter. The early-time clutter consists of the incident pulse and reflections from the skin, while the late-time clutter is primarily due to the heterogeneity of breast tissue. Successful detection of 6-mm-diameter spherical tumors is achieved with both planar and cylindrical systems, and similar performance measures are obtained. The influences of the synthetic array size and position relative to the tumor are also explored.
The Kalman Filter : Navigation ' s Integration Workhorse

Since its introduction in 1960, the Kalman filter has become an integral component in thousands of military and civilian navigation systems. This deceptively simple, recursive digital algorithm has been an early-on favorite for conveniently integrating (or fusing) navigation sensor data to achieve optimal overall system performance. To provide current estimates of the system variables -such as position coordinates -the filter uses statistical models to properly weight each new measurement relative to past information. It also determines up-to-date uncertainties of the estimates for real-time quality assessments or for off-line system design studies. Because of its optimum performance, versatility, and ease of implementation, the Kalman filter has been especially popular in GPS/inertial and GPS stand-alone devices. In this month's column, Larry Levy will introduce us to the Kalman filter and outline its application in GPS navigation.
In vitro suppression of two different stop codons

Proteins play a crucial role in all living organisms, with the 20 natural amino acids as their building blocks. Unnatural amino acids are synthetic derivatives of these natural building blocks. These amino acids have unique chemical or physical properties as a result of their specific side chain residues. Their incorporation into proteins through ribosomal translation in response to one of the stop codons has opened a new way to manipulate and study proteins by enabling new functionalities, thus expending the genetic code. Different unnatural amino acids have different functionalities, hence, the ability to incorporate two different unnatural amino acids, in response to two different stop codons into one protein is a useful tool in protein manipulation. This ability has been achieved previously only in in vivo translational systems, however, with limited functionality. Herein, we report the incorporation of two different unnatural amino acids in response to two different stop codons into one protein, utilizing a cell‐free protein synthesis system. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1065–1073. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping of the Replicated Type 2 Diabetes Linkage Signal on Chromosome 1q

OBJECTIVE Linkage of the chromosome 1q21–25 region to type 2 diabetes has been demonstrated in multiple ethnic groups. We performed common variant fine-mapping across a 23-Mb interval in a multiethnic sample to search for variants responsible for this linkage signal. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In all, 5,290 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were successfully genotyped in 3,179 type 2 diabetes case and control subjects from eight populations with evidence of 1q linkage. Samples were ascertained using strategies designed to enhance power to detect variants causal for 1q linkage. After imputation, we estimate ∼80% coverage of common variation across the region (r 2 > 0.8, Europeans). Association signals of interest were evaluated through in silico replication and de novo genotyping in ∼8,500 case subjects and 12,400 control subjects. RESULTS Association mapping of the 23-Mb region identified two strong signals, both of which were restricted to the subset of European-descent samples. The first mapped to the NOS1AP (CAPON) gene region (lead SNP: rs7538490, odds ratio 1.38 [95% CI 1.21–1.57], P = 1.4 × 10−6, in 999 case subjects and 1,190 control subjects); the second mapped within an extensive region of linkage disequilibrium that includes the ASH1L and PKLR genes (lead SNP: rs11264371, odds ratio 1.48 [1.18–1.76], P = 1.0 × 10−5, under a dominant model). However, there was no evidence for association at either signal on replication, and, across all data (>24,000 subjects), there was no indication that these variants were causally related to type 2 diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS Detailed fine-mapping of the 23-Mb region of replicated linkage has failed to identify common variant signals contributing to the observed signal. Future studies should focus on identification of causal alleles of lower frequency and higher penetrance.
Mutual-Relationship-Based Community Partitioning for Social Networks

Social networks have shown increasing popularity in real-world applications. Community detection is one of the fundamental problems. In this paper, we study how to partition the social networks into communities from a novel perspective. We define the mutual closeness and strangeness between each vertex pairs, and formulate our problem as a semidefinite program considering both the tightness of the same community and the looseness across different communities. Two NP-hard issues are addressed. One is to partition the social networks into communities through maximizing the tightness within the same community and the looseness between different communities. In the other issue, we take community volume into consideration such that the obtained communities have similar sizes. We give the mathematical models and the objective functions, and then analyze the performance bounds of the proposed algorithms. At last, we validate our method's effectiveness by comparing them with a highly effective existing partitioning method on real-world and artificial data sets.
Estimating a Signal from a Magnitude Spectrogram via Convex Optimization

The problem of recovering a signal from the magnitude of its short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is a longstanding one in audio signal processing. Existing approaches rely on heuristics that often perform poorly because of the nonconvexity of the problem. We introduce a formulation of the problem that lends itself to a tractable convex program. We observe that our method yields better reconstructions than the standard Griffin-Lim algorithm. We provide an algorithm and discuss practical implementation details, including how the method can be scaled up to larger examples.
A grid-based infrastructure to support multimedia content distribution

This paper proposes a software architecture able to realise a Content Distribution Network (CDN), for multimedia data, by means of a Grid computing environment. The key aspect of the proposed approach is exploiting the computational power of a Grid not only to store replicas of the same multimedia content, but also to perform on-the-fly transcoding, when the requesting client is using a player that cannot handle the original file format. The proposed software infrastructure, which exploits Globus Grid services, is able on one hand to identify the storage element, holding the replica, which is the nearest to the client (if such a replica exists); and on the other hand, when the requested file is encoded with a scheme that the player cannot support, the infrastructure selects the computing element which is "best suited" - i.e. has enough computational power - to perform on-the-fly transcoding, thus providing data to the user with the requested format. This selection is based on proper metrics that aim at minimising latencies in order to increase the quality-of-service for the user.
Geometric Interpretations of the Relation between the Image of the Absolute Conic and Sphere Images

A spherical object has been introduced into camera calibration for several years through utilizing the properties of an image conic, which is the projection of the occluding contour of a sphere in the perspective image. However, in literature, only an algebraic interpretation was presented for the relation between the image of the absolute conic and sphere images. In this paper, we propose two geometric interpretations of this relation and two novel camera calibration methods using sphere images are derived from these geometric interpretations
Sequential, co-registered fluorine and proton field-cycled Overhauser imaging at a detection field of 59 mT

In this work we show the feasibility of sequential, co-registered fluorine and proton field-cycled Overhauser imaging at a detection field of 59 mT. To this purpose we have built an RF coil assembly comprising an Alderman–Grant resonator for EPR irradiation at 127.7 MHz (evolution field of 4.5 mT) and a solenoidal coil for 19F or 1H MRI acquisition at the detection field of 59 mT. A removable tuning/matching circuit that allows the solenoid to be tuned to the 19F frequency (2.346 MHz, FEDRI) or the 1H frequency (2.494 MHz, PEDRI) without removing the sample was built and tested. Switching of the solenoid between the 19F and 1H frequency is thus achieved in less than 1 min. The co-registered FC-FEDRI and FC-PEDRI images show higher enhancement in the sample regions with higher free radical concentration. This work is the first methodological step towards the development of an MRI scanner capable of acquiring morphological (1H) and physiological (19F) images in animal models at very low fields.
StarMX: A framework for developing self-managing Java-based systems

Realizing self-managing systems poses several development and operational challenges. Reusable software frameworks assist in addressing these challenges by utilizing appropriate patterns, and also providing essential runtime services for self-managing systems. This paper presents the StarMX framework, designed for building self-managing Java-based applications. It is a generic framework based on standards and well-established principles, and supports common tasks in the development of such systems. StarMX facilitates creating the management closed loop using various mechanisms such as action policies. The framework architecture and its utilization process, along with an example of its application are presented in this paper. Moreover, quality attributes and autonomic characteristics of the proposed framework are discussed.
Automatic Depth Electrode Localization in Intracranial Space

Localization and precise targeting of depth electrodes in the regions of the human brain is critical for accurate clinical diagnoses and treatment as well as for epileptical source localization and studies of in-vivo electrical propagation. By using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with computed tomography (CT), the authors present a method based on image processing and object recognition that improves electrode localization in different brain anatomies and matter. This method permits the quantified localization of electrode placements in cortex and white matter, and gives the precise position of each electrode, allowing a more detailed study of intra-cranial electrical stimulation, propagation and properties of conductivity related to the brain. Such methods can be extended to depth-scalp signal analysis using simultaneously registered SEEG and EEG measurements.
Angiotensin II–Independent Angiotensin-(1–7) Formation in Rat Hippocampus: Involvement of Thimet Oligopeptidase

The involvement and relevance of the renin–angiotensin system have been established clearly in cardiovascular diseases, and renin–angiotensin system involvement has also been investigated extensively in the central nervous system. Angiotensin II acts classically by binding to the AT1 and AT2 receptors. However, other pathways within the renin–angiotensin system have been described more recently, such as one in which angiotensin-(1–7) (Ang-(1–7)) binds to the receptor Mas. In the central nervous system specifically, it has been reported that this heptapeptide is involved in learning and memory processes that occur in central limbic regions, such as the hippocampus. Therefore, this prompted us to investigate the possible role of the Ang-(1–7)–receptor Mas pathway in epileptic seizures, which are also known to recruit limbic areas. In the present study, we show that Ang-(1–7) is the main metabolite of angiotensin I in rat hippocampi, and, strikingly, that thimet oligopeptidase is the main enzyme involved in the generation of Ang-(1–7). Furthermore, elevations in the levels of thimet oligopeptidase, Ang-(1–7), and of receptor Mas transcripts are observed in chronically stimulated epileptic rats, which suggest that the thimet oligopeptidase–Ang-(1–7)–receptor Mas axis may have a functional relevance in the pathophysiology of these animals. In summary, our data, which describe a new preferential biochemical pathway for the generation of Ang-(1–7) in the central nervous system and an increase in the levels of various elements of the related thimet oligopeptidase–Ang-(1–7)–receptor Mas pathway, unveil potential new roles of the renin–angiotensin system in central nervous system pathophysiology.