Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morbidity and mortality conference in obstetrics and gynecology: a tool for addressing the 6 core competencies.

BACKGROUND Residency program directors are challenged to effectively teach and assess the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's (ACGME) 6 competencies. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morbidity and mortality (M&M) conference as a cost-effective and efficient approach for addressing the ACGME competencies through evaluation of resident participation and case diversity. METHODS In our modified M&M conference, senior residents submit a weekly list of cases to the conference proctors. The resident presents the case, including a critique of management, using the medical literature. The resident submits a case summary evaluating patient care practices, integrating scientific evidence, and evaluating systemic barriers to care. Completed case summaries are distributed and archived for reference. RESULTS During a 3-year period, 30 residents presented 196 cases. Of these, 37 (19%) directly related to systems-based practice, 20 (10%) involved problems with inadequate communication, and 11 (6%) included issues of professionalism or ethics. All cases involved practice-based learning and medical knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The M&M conference addresses the core competencies through resident participation as well as directed analysis of diverse cases.
LMI-based robust constrained model predictive control of two-wheeled inverted pendulum

Two-Wheeled Inverted Pendulum (TWIP) robot is considered as an unstable and underactuated system affected by physical and environmental constrains. In addition, due to the model uncertainties, a robust control approach is needed to stabilize the posture of the TWIP. Robust Model Predictive Control (RMPC) based on linear matrix inequality (LMIs) is addressed to an optimization problem of the “worst-case” objective function over infinite moving horizon, subject to input and output constraints. In this paper, LMI-based RMPC is applied to a TWIP in spite of model uncertainty and motor torque constraint. A parametric poly-topic uncertainty model is used to describe the robot. Maximum torque produced by motors is defined as control input constraint. The efficiency of the RMPC is verified by comparing with nominal MPC.
A Further Investigation of the Weekend Effect in Stock Returns

This study uses a longer time period and additional stocks to further investigate the weekend effect. We find consistently negative Monday returns (1) for the S & P Composite as early as 1928, (2) for Exchange-traded stocks of firms of all sizes, and (3) for actively traded over-the-counter (OTC) stocks. The OTC results are based on bid prices and therefore appear to reject specialist-related explanations. For the 30 individual stocks of the Dow Jones Industrial Index, the average correlation between Friday and Monday returns is positive and the highest of all pairs of successive days. The latter finding is inconsistent with fairly general measurement-error explanations. SOME OF THE MOST puzzling empirical findings reported in recent years indicate that the distribution of common stock returns varies by day of the week. Most notably, the average return for Monday (close Friday to close Monday) is significantly negative. Cross [3] and French [6] find negative Monday returns using the Standard and Poor's Composite Index, and Gibbons and Hess [7] find negative Monday returns for the 30 individual stocks of the Dow Jones Industrial Index.1 This negative Monday return, or "weekend effect," has yet to be explained. This study undertakes a further investigation of the weekend effect in stock returns. We examine additional time periods, extending the total period covered to 55 years; we examine additional stocks, such as those of small (low-capitalization) firms and those traded over the counter. In all cases, the data exhibit a weekend effect that is at least as strong as that reported in previous studies. The study also readdresses potential explanations for the effect, such as measurement error, but concludes that none of these explanations is satisfactory. The first section presents a history of the weekend effect from 1928 through 1982 based on the Standard and Poor's Composite Index. We essentially double the length of the period (beginning in 1953) examined by French [6]. The results indicate consistently negative Monday returns throughout the 55-year period. During much of the 25-year period from 1928 through 1952, the New York Stock Exchange was open on Saturdays, so Monday's return is then computed from Saturday's close to Monday's close.2 These returns for "one-day" weekends are consistently negative and not significantly different from the "two-day" weekend
Nasal obstruction has a limited impact on sleep quality and quality of life in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Nasal obstruction is a cardinal symptom in diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), and decreased sleep quality (SQ) and quality of life (QOL) are commonly reported in CRS. It is, however, unclear what role nasal obstruction severity plays in this decreased SQ and QOL. Using validated instruments, we evaluated the relationship between nasal obstruction severity, SQ, and QOL.
FINANCIAL LITERACY AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between financial literacy and demographic factors of Malaysian university students. Data was collected using primary data. Questionnaires were distributed to 300 final year students of business major programs in one of the institutes of higher learning in Malaysia. Hierarchical multiple regression, independent t-test and ANOVA were employed to analyse the data. The results of the study indicate that those students who enrolled in Bachelor in Accountancy and Bachelor in Business Administrations appear to have higher financial literacy compared to students from other courses. The results also suggest that female students have lower level of financial literacy compared to male students, and Chinese students appear to have significantly higher level of literacy than students from other races. The results from this study contribute to the current literature relating to financial literacy particularly in Malaysian settings.
Inscribing science : scientific texts and the materiality of communication

1. Inscription practices and materialities of communication Timothy Lenoir 2. The language of strange facts in early modern science Lorraine Daston 3. Shaping information: mathematics, computing and typography Robin Rider 4. The technology of mathematical persuasion Brian Rotman 5. On the take-off of operators Friedrich Kittler 6. Switchboards and sex: the nut(t) case Bernhard Siegert 7. Politics on the topographer's table: the helvetic triangulation of cartography, politics, and representation David Gugerli 8. Writing Darwin's islands: England and the insular condition Gillian Beer 9. Illustrations as strategy in Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals Phillip Prodger 10. The Leviathan of Parsontown: literary technology and scientific representation Simon Schaffer 11. Technology, aesthetics and the development of astrophotography at the Lick Observatory Alex Pang 12. Standards and semiotics Robert Brain 123. Experimental systems, graphematic spaces Hans-Jong Rheinberger 14. Emergent power: vitality and theology in artificial life Richard M. Doyle 15. Science and writing: two national narratives of failure Lisa Bloom 16. Perception versus experience: moving pictures and their resistance to interpretation Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht Notes Index.
Triangular domain extension of linear Bernstein-like trigonometric polynomial basis

In computer aided geometric design (CAGD), the Bernstein-Bézier system for polynomial space including the triangular domain is an important tool for modeling free form shapes. The Bernstein-like bases for other spaces (trigonometric polynomial, hyperbolic polynomial, or blended space) has also been studied. However, none of them was extended to the triangular domain. In this paper, we extend the linear trigonometric polynomial basis to the triangular domain and obtain a new Bernstein-like basis, which is linearly independent and satisfies positivity, partition of unity, symmetry, and boundary representation. We prove some properties of the corresponding surfaces, including differentiation, subdivision, convex hull, and so forth. Some applications are shown.
Localizing Cultural Values on Tourism Destination Websites

The present study contributes to the current localization literature by revealing the effects of localizing cultural values on tourism destination websites on users’ destination image and willingness to travel. Reporting on two tests, the first is an analysis of the depiction of cultural values on 48 New Zealand, 36 Indian, and 46 Chinese destination sites. Results indicate significant differences in the cultural values exposed among the three countries. The second study reports on an experiment requiring 400 New Zealand participants to visit four versions of a fictitious experimental destination website. Commensurate with motivations for holiday tourism, results indicate that the depiction of incongruent cultural values to a target audience on destination websites generates a more positive destination image and greater willingness to travel, contradicting the current localization literature. Finally, managerial implications are also discussed.
Strategic Campaigns and Redistributive Politics

The article investigates strategic, informative campaigning by two parties when politics concern redistribution. Voters are uncertain about whether parties favour special groups. Parties will target campaigns on groups where most votes are gained by informing about policies. In equilibrium, campaigning will be most intensive in groups where the uncertainty is largest and where voters are most mobile, most likely to vote, most receptive to campaigns and relatively uninformed initially. These groups will become more informed about policy. Parties will therefore gain more votes by treating these groups well so these groups will gain from strategic campaigning. Welfare effects are assessed.
Organizing in the knowledge age: Anticipating the cellular form

Executive Overview Each major era in business history has featured a particular form of organization. Early hierarchical, vertically integrated organizations have largely given way to network organizations that link the assets and know-how of numerous upstream and downstream industry partners. A number of leading companies today are experimenting with a new way of organizing—the cellular form. Cellular organizations are built on the principles of entrepreneurship, self-organization, and member ownership. In the future, cellular organizations will be used in situations requiring continuous learning and innovation.
Evaluation of antihemolytic and antioxidant activities of Geranium tuberosum subsp. tuberosum with in vitro models

Context: There are 33 Geranium species growing in Turkey characterized by the presence of polyphenolic compounds. Some Geranium (Geraniaceae) species are used as antidiabetics, hemostatics, antihemorrhoidals, antidiarrheics and for the treatment of pain, fevers, and gastrointestinal ailments, or are consumed as food. Objective: The in vitro antioxidant activity and antihemolytic effect of ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (BuOH), methanol (MeOH) and water extracts of Geranium tuberosum L. subsp. tuberosum (Geraniaceae), a medicinal food plant, have been evaluated. Materials and methods: The two antioxidant enzyme activities of human erythrocyte, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), after in vitro incubation with the extracts, were examined in order to see whether the observed effects are related to altered enzymatic efficiency. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were also measured as oxidative stress marker. Antihemolytic activity of extracts was shown by hemolysis assay in erythrocytes. Furthermore, total phenolic content of extracts was measured by Folin–Ciocalteu method. Results: All extracts enhanced GSH levels, and the activity of SOD and CAT. The EtOAc extracts seems to be the most potent antioxidant at 100 µg/mL (SOD activity 173.736 ± 8.33, CAT activity 133.218 ± 3.31, GSH level 2.264 ± 2.21). However, apart from the MeOH extracts at 100 µg/mL (68.699 ± 3.93), they didn’t increase the resistance of erythrocytes to H2O2 induced cytotoxicity. Therefore, while a significant antioxidant effect was observed in these samples, antihemolytic effect was not determined. Discussion and conclusion: The title plant has shown high antioxidant activity without cytotoxicity up to 100 µg/mL, thus could be a potent source as natural antioxidant.
IMMIGRATION AND POLITICS

▪ Abstract With nearly one in ten residents of advanced industrialized states now an immigrant, international migration has become a fundamental driver of social, economic, and political change. We review alternative models of migratory behavior (which emphasize structural factors largely beyond states' control) as well as models of immigration policy making that seek to explain the gaps between stated policy and actual outcomes. Some scholars attempt to explain the limited efficacy of control policies by focusing on domestic interest groups, political institutions, and the interaction among them; others approach the issue from an international or “intermestic” perspective. Despite the modest effects of control measures on unauthorized flows of economic migrants and asylum seekers, governments continue to determine the proportion of migrants who enjoy legal status, the specific membership rights associated with different legal (and undocumented) migrant classes, and how policies are implemented. These cho.
Modelling Monetary Union in Southern Africa: Welfare Evaluation for the CMA and SADC

This paper proposes a quantitative assessment of the welfare effects arising from the Common Monetary Area (CMA) and an array of broader groupings among Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries. Model simulations suggest that (i) participating in the CMA benefits all members; (ii) joining the CMA individually is beneficial for all SADC members except Angola, Mauritius and Tanzania; (iii) creating a symmetric CMA-wide monetary union with a regional central bank carries some costs in terms of foregone anti-inflationary credibility; and (iv) SADC-wide symmetric monetary union continues to be beneficial for all except Mauritius, although the gains for existing CMA members are likely to be limited.
PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF THREE‐KILOMETER RUNNING PERFORMANCE IN EXPERIENCED TRIATHLETES

The present investigation examined the physiological parameters that contribute to 3-km running performance. Following 2 familiarization sessions, 16 experienced male triathletes (&OV0312;O2max = 55.7 ± 4.9 ml·kg−1·min−1, age = 31.3 ± 11.7 years) performed a 3-km time trial (3kmTT) and were assessed for selected physiological and anthropometrical characteristics. Stepwise multiple regression and correlation analysis was used to determine the variables that significantly related to 3kmTT. The analysis revealed that 82.3% of the adjusted variance in 3kmTT performance could be explained by peak treadmill running velocity during a &OV0312;O2max test (Vmax) alone. The addition of the running velocity at lactate threshold (LTvel) and peak lactate concentration ([BLa2]peak) to the prediction equation allowed for 93.6% of the adjusted variance in 3kmTT to be predicted (Y = 213.64 Vmax - 25.61 LTvel - 5.40 [BLa2]peak + 1358.5). Correlation analysis revealed that Vmax (r = −0.91), LTvel (r = −0.90), and &OV0312;O2max (r = −0.80) were significantly related to running performance. These results show that Vmax was the single best predictor of 3-km running performance in experienced male triathletes and that both aerobic and anaerobic abilities are related to improved 3kmTT performance. Since the assessment of Vmax is relatively simple to implement, we suggest that determining Vmax may be a practical method for monitoring performance changes in short-term endurance running events.
Crystal Structure of the Gtr1pGTP-Gtr2pGDP Protein Complex Reveals Large Structural Rearrangements Triggered by GTP-to-GDP Conversion*

Background: The heterodimeric GTR GTPase is a key regulator in the amino acid mediated TORC1 pathway. Results: The structure of Gtr1pGTP-Gtr2pGDP reveals a large conformational change in comparison with that of Gtr1pGMPPNP-Gtr2pGMPPNP. Conclusion: The heterodimeric GTR GTPase serves as a novel molecular switch regulating the Raptor binding affinity. Significance: The structural information leads to a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism of the GTR GTPase. The heterodimeric Rag GTPases consisting of RagA (or RagB) and RagC (or RagD) are the key regulator activating the target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) in response to the level of amino acids. The heterodimer between GTP-loaded RagA/B and GDP-loaded RagC/D is the most active form that binds Raptor and leads to the activation of TORC1. Here, we present the crystal structure of Gtr1pGTP-Gtr2pGDP, the active yeast Rag GTPase heterodimer. The structure reveals that GTP-to-GDP conversion on Gtr2p results in a large conformational transition of this subunit, including a large scale rearrangement of a long segment whose corresponding region in RagA is involved in binding to Raptor. In addition, the two GTPase domains of the heterodimer are brought to contact with each other, but without causing any conformational change of the Gtr1p subunit. These features explain how the nucleotide-bound statuses of the two GTPases subunits switch the Raptor binding affinity on and off.
Econometric and stochastic general equilibrium models for evaluation of economic policies

Comparative analysis of economic structure and forecasts generated from simultaneous equation, VAR and autoregressive models based on quarterly series from 1966:1 to 2007:3 of UK to those from the stochastic general equilibrium models has provided insights into objective and subjective evaluation of macro economic impacts of public policies. Econometric estimates are used in formulation of stochastic dynamic general equilibrium models to generate time series of macro variables from stochastic general equilibrium models. Calibrating to ratios, variances, covariance and correlations econometric analyses and general equilibrium models are integrated and shown to be complementary not competitive techniques.
AN EXAMINATION OF CORPORATE CALL POLICIES ON CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES

assumptions than are required for the solution of the convertible pricing function. The optimal call policy can be stated with the following simple rule: A convertible security should be called as soon as its conversion value (i.e., the value of the common stock which would be received in the conversion exchange) rises to equal the prevailing effective callprice (i.e., the stated call price plus accrued interest). This is a strong result since the implementation of the implied strategy requires knowledge of only the call price and conversion terms, both stated contractual items, and the observable market price of the common stock. In testing the convertible pricing model it is logical to start by examining these call policy predictions since they are so straightforward. Furthermore, any deviation from the optimal call policy is likely to cause discrepancies between the model prices and the market prices of convertibles. The thrust of this paper is threefold. First, the observed call policies of convertible-issuing firms will be compared to the optimal call policy. Second, the model's simplifying assumptions will be relaxed in an attempt to explain the deviations. Finally, the pricing model, will be adapted to include the discrepancies. II. THE PRICING OF CONVERTIBLES Before addressing the substantive problems of this paper it is necessary to summarize the results deduced in the earlier paper. Unlike simpler option securities (warrants, calls, and puts) convertible bonds and preferred stocks contain dual options. The bondholder has the right to exchange his convertible for the company's common stock while the company retains the right to call the issue at a contracted call price. Clearly the convertible's value will be affected not only by the conversion strategies and call policy adopted by investors and the firm but also by each party's expectations of the other's actions. To make a problem of this type solvable, it is usually assumed that each party rationally determines its optimal action and expects others to do the same. This is the Miller-Modigliani [11] assumption of "symmetric market rationality. "
Monetary Policy in Transition: The Case of Mongolia

This paper analyzes monetary policy in transition. It examines the dynamics of monetary policy in Mongolia using granger-causality tests for monetary variables and inflation. The paper also analyzes money demand using data from 22 Mongolian regions during 1993-1998. The analyses confirm the key role of monetary policy in stabilization and reveal that even in a transition economy as rudimentary as Mongolia, a stable money demand and a predictable relationship between inflation and monetary variables do exist. Hence market-based monetary policy is effective. In addition, the analysis points to a difference between transition and industrial economies in the elasticity of money demand with respect to activity, reflecting the larger role for transactions demand for money.
Party campaigning in the 1980s

Introduction 1. Two Traditional Conceptions of Parties as Campaigners 2. Institutionalized National Parties 3. Party Campaigning from the Washington Perspective 4. Party Campaigning as Perceived by the Candidates 5. Prospects for the Parties Appendix A. Methodology Appendix B. Questionnaire Notes Bibliography Index
The Timeliness of Bad Earnings News and Litigation Risk

ABSTRACT: This study investigates whether the timely revelation of bad earnings news is associated with a lower incidence of litigation. The timeliness of earnings news is captured by a new measure based on the evolution of the consensus analyst earnings forecast. Holding total bad earnings news and other determinants of litigation constant, we find that earlier revelation of bad earnings news lowers the likelihood of litigation. This result holds for both settled and dismissed lawsuits. Further, we reconcile our findings with prior work that measures timeliness using managerial warnings via press releases. These tests suggest our findings are attributable to the ability of our timeliness measure to capture bad earning news revealed through disclosure channels beyond press releases. Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the paper. JEL Classifications: K22; K41; M41.
Planning and Managing of Development Projects in Bangladesh: Future Challenges for Government and Private Organizations

This paper aims to study planning and managing process of development projects in Bangladesh. It unravels the institutional inadequacies and challenges in planning and managing procedure. The deductive nature of the study has been conducted through explanatory research design. The key to a triumphant project is planning. Creating a project plan is the first thing that ought to do when embarked on any kind of project. The project intention in Bangladesh is to build up the competence of diverse sector organizations to accomplish their different functions. Different public organizations are continually seeking ways to make projects successfully implemented effectively and efficiently. Successful implementation of project is vital for socio-economic development of the developing countries like Bangladesh. Furthermore, from project planning to implementation, Bangladesh, as a developing country, faces very serious problems. The study may facilitate the Government, different public organization, the political leaders, civil society, private organization, donor agencies etc. regarding future policy issues in planning and managing development projects. Key words: Planning and managing procedures, development projects, future challenges, government and private organizations.