Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene expression in the aging human brain: an overview

Purpose of review The review aims to provide a summary of recent developments in the study of gene expression in the aging human brain. Recent findings Profiling differentially expressed genes or ‘transcripts’ in the human brain over the course of normal aging has provided valuable insights into the biological pathways that appear activated or suppressed in late life. Genes mediating neuroinflammation and immune system activation in particular, show significant age-related upregulation creating a state of vulnerability to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disease in the aging brain. Cellular ionic dyshomeostasis and age-related decline in a host of molecular influences on synaptic efficacy may underlie neurocognitive decline in later life. Critically, these investigations have also shed light on the mobilization of protective genetic responses within the aging human brain that help determine health and disease trajectories in older age. There is growing interest in the study of pre and posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, and the role of noncoding RNAs in particular, as mediators of the phenotypic diversity that characterizes human brain aging. Summary Gene expression studies in healthy brain aging offer an opportunity to unravel the intricately regulated cellular underpinnings of neurocognitive aging as well as disease risk and resiliency in late life. In doing so, new avenues for early intervention in age-related neurodegenerative disease could be investigated with potentially significant implications for the development of disease-modifying therapies.
Predicting Readers' Emotional States Induced by News Articles through Latent Semantic Analysis

With the increasing spread of the social web, identifying emotions in texts has proved to have various applications in fields like opinion mining or market analysis. Emotion recognition from written statements does not only reveal information about the person who wrote them, but can also be used in predicting how the emotional state of the readers can be affected. We propose a novel automatic method for analyzing texts that predicts how reading a news article can influence in turn the emotional state of the reader. This method integrates several word-count approaches and natural language processing techniques, such as Latent Semantic Analysis. Moreover, our implemented system contains a module designed to personalize the provided feedback according to the reader's current emotional state. A preliminary validation has been performed and results are promising.
Premiums and discounts of exchanged-traded funds

The objective of this study is to determine whether the spread in underlying exchange-traded fund (ETF) investments is a significant cause of the premium/discount of the ETF. Spreads of underlying investment portfolios are alternatively calculated using weighted bid-ask and bid-close spreads for a sample of ETFs listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) in South Africa from 2010 to 2014. Results show that spreads of underlying investment portfolios are positively associated with larger premiums/discounts of ETFs as a whole. However, stratified results show that this relationship exists only for premiums; underlying spreads are not significantly associated with discounts. In addition, the findings show that expense ratios offer a significant explanation for premiums/discounts of ETFs. This paper contributes to the existing literature by offering an explanation for the size of premiums of ETFs at reporting date. Its findings imply that relative illiquidity in the underlying portfolio of the ETF means that a premium will likely persist. A deeper understanding in this regard assists investors in determining whether an ETF premium is worth paying for. In addition, this paper reveals that premiums and discounts of ETFs do not always arise from the same causes and should be investigated as separate phenomena in future research.
Detection of Fog Using Temporally Consistent Algorithm With INSAT-3D Imager Data Over India

A fog detection algorithm using INSAT-3D imager data has been developed and tested. The algorithm emphasizes continuous fog detection as the current fog detection algorithm which is used for the operational fog product generation over India is having temporal discontinuity during dawn and dusk. Moreover, currently, the INSAT-3D fog product over India is being generated with different algorithms for day and night. In this paper, a single algorithm using brightness temperature difference of 3.9 and 10.8 μm wavelength for both day and night has been used. The thermal infrared, water vapor, and visible channel spectral information (for daytime) has been used as additional criteria to reduce false alarm. The thresholds used are determined dynamically using an image-based method. The spatial homogeneity test, which is a special characteristic of fog, has also been carried out to minimize false detection. Validation was carried out against visibility data over five airports in the Indo-Gangetic (IG) plains of India. It shows that probability of detection and false detection to be 66% and 10%, respectively, for 2013–2014 and 68% and 10% for 2015–2016. The algorithm is able to capture the entire life cycle of fog from formation to dissipation, consistently for both the season with different weather conditions.
GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE ORGANIZATION OF SONG SPARROW REPERTOIRES

Abstract We asked whether geographic variation exists in the complexity of song repertoires in Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia) by quantitatively comparing four measures of repertoire organization across four geographically distant populations: (1) repertoire size (the number of distinct song types), (2) the number of “minimal units of production” per repertoire, (3) mean similarity among variants of the same song type (“within-type” similarity), and (4) mean similarity among song types in a repertoire (“between-type” similarity). We found significant geographic differences among populations in three of these four measures, with mean similarity among song types being the exception. In general, relatively sedentary populations in North Carolina and Washington were more similar to each other than to migratory populations in Pennsylvania and Maine. Contrary to our expectation based on prior interspecific analyses of variation in repertoire complexity, the relatively sedentary populations in our sample had more complex repertoires than did the more migratory populations. The origin and functional significance of population differences in repertoire complexity in this species remain uncertain.
Diversity and characterization of oxytetracycline‐resistant bacteria associated with non‐native species, white‐leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and native species, black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), intensively cultured in Thailand

Aims: This study aimed at surveying prevalence of oxytetracycline (OTC)‐resistant bacteria in the white‐leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, intensively cultured in Thailand. We investigated the phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial isolates, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of OTC, the occurrence of major OTC‐resistant genes and multiple‐antibiotic resistance in the isolates.
CALORIE MEASUREMENT AND CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS USING IMAGE PROCESSING: A REVIEW

In recent time, the spread of obesity and being overweight has been worldwide significant and is considered as one of the major public health issue. By observing present scenario the researchers have try to resolve them by introducing some methods like calorie measurement system. Therefore by measuring the calories we can keep our health good and fit. Using technology for fruit recognition and estimation of its calories is very useful to spread food culture and awareness among people in the age of obesity due to the bad habits of food consumption and wide range of inappropriate food products. Researchers have been working on developing a reliable image based system for fruit recognition and calories estimation. The system consists of six phases: input fruit photo, photo conversions, photo fragmentation, texture analysis, classification, counting the calorie. Dissimilar approaches have tackled the system from different features. This paper reviews the state of the art of this interesting application.
The Urban Labor Market And Income Distribution A Study Of Malaysia

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Metastatic Prostate Cancer with Highest Reported PSA Level

Abstract Introduction: Prostate cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world, the second most common cancer among men, and the most common cancer in men in Europe. Metastatic prostate cancer among young patients represents the rarest of the newly diagnosed prostate cancer, with few reports of cases with a longer survival. Case presentation: We present the case of a 59 year-old male who was referred with back pain over the last month. Digital rectal examination highlighted an enlarged and totally indurated prostate of 4x4.5 cm, while abdominopelvic X-rays showed osteoblastic metastases in the spine and pelvis bones. Laboratory examinations revealed a Prostate Specific Antigen level of 7941 ng/ml. Prostate biopsy histology showed a bilateral prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 8. Androgen deprivation therapy and daily administration of biphosphonates were prescribed. After two years of treatment, the Prostate Specific Antigen level decreases to 8 ng/ml. Conclusions: We reported the highest Prostate Specific Antigen level in a patient under 60 years old with metastatic prostate cancer. Prostate cancer remains an important public health problem due to the aggressiveness of the disease and advanced stage upon diagnosis. Prostate Specific Antigen is mandatory to evaluate, to have a reference level in order to prevent metastatic prostate cancer in young patients at diagnosis.
Evaluation of synthetic polymeric micelles as a stabilization medium for the handling of membrane proteins in pharmaceutical drug discovery.

PURPOSE Polymeric micelles have been used for solubilization of insoluble drugs and as carriers for drug delivery applications. Here we evaluated an application of the synthetic polymeric micelles in experiments designed to improve the handling and stability of membrane proteins targets. METHODS Particle sizing by dynamic light scattering was performed in a Zeta Plus Photon Correlation Spectrometer at 532 nm. UGT1A1 activity has been measured in fluorescent assay using scopoletin as a substrate. COX-2 activity has been measured in a fluorescent assay using Amplex Red. Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) was monitored using either 463 nm excitation wavelength (the emission range 500-600 nm) or 395 nm excitation wavelength (the emission range 500-600 nm). RESULTS Incorporation of membrane proteins into PreserveX-QML polymeric micelles resulted in improved homogeneity and stability of the preparation and in reduced light scattering. Stabilization of the biological activity of micelle-incorporated membrane proteins, such as the human UGT1A1 and COX-2 both during extended incubations at room temperature and during multiple freeze/thaw cycles, has been achieved. CONCLUSION PreserveX-QML polymeric micelles help to homogenize and disperse membrane proteins preparations and stabilize the biological activity of the proteins making it more suitable for pharmaceutical assays and applications.
It was Fun, but Did it Last?

Peer production communities often struggle to retain contributors beyond initial engagement. This may be a result of contributors' level of motivation, as it is deeply intertwined with activity. Existing studies on participation focus on activity dynamics but overlook the accompanied changes in motivation. To fill this gap, this study examines the interplay between contributors' fun motives and activity over time. We combine motivational data from two surveys of Wikipedia newcomers with data of two periods of editing activity. We find that persistence in editing is related to fun, while the amount of editing is not: individuals who persist in editing are characterized by higher fun motives early on (when compared to dropouts), though their motives are not related to the number of edits made. Moreover, we found that newcomers' experience of fun was reinforced by their amount of activity over time: editors who were initially motivated by fun entered a virtuous cycle, whereas those who initially had low fun motives entered a vicious cycle. Our findings shed new light on the importance of early experiences and reveal that the relationship between motivation and participation levels is more complex than previously understood.
Definitional ceremonies: Narrative practices for psychologists to inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality in pediatric settings

In pediatric settings, parents and children often seek spiritual and religious support from their healthcare provider, as they try to find meaning in their illness. Narrative practices, such as definitional ceremonies, can provide a unique framework for psychologists to explore children’s spirituality and its role in the midst of illness. In addition, definitional ceremonies can be used as a means for psychologists to inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality and its relevance in pediatric treatment settings. In this article, our objectives are to (a) provide a brief overview of the literature on children’s spirituality, (b) review some of the literature on childhood cancer patients’ spirituality, (c) highlight the importance of whole-person care for diverse pediatric patients, and (d) introduce definitional ceremonies as appropriate narrative practices that psychologists can use to both guide their therapy and inform interdisciplinary teams’ understanding of children’s spirituality.
The Nexus between Terrorism, Infrastructure and Tourism Industry in Pakistan

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to empirically determine the impact of terrorism and infrastructure on tourism industry of Pakistan. The article answers the questions such as â€œHow terrorism (proxy number of terrorism related incidents) effect on tourism (tourists arrival) in Pakistan? â€ and â€œHow infrastructure (% of paved roads) on tourism in Pakistan? â€ Methodology: To answer these questions data on annual tourists arrival in Pakistan (proxy for tourism), number of fatalities in a year (proxy for terrorism) and percentage of paved roads (proxy for infrastructure) have been collected for 1989 to 2011 and linear regression was applied to find the results. Findings: The article finds that terrorism significantly influences tourism in adverse manner and infrastructure positively influence tourism industry in Pakistan.The article will be helpful for policymakers to make corrective measures to improve tourism in Pakistan. Recommendations: It will realize the government to improve infrastructure and to uproot the terrorism for the development of tourism.
Trends in mushroom cultivation and breeding

Mushrooms are highly nutritious and environment friendly crops that carry numerous medicinal benefits. The cultivation of edible mushrooms carries great relevance in todays' world in the context of a burgeoning population growth and extreme pressure on the environment. But advances in research on mushroom breeding and production is very limited as compared to other crops. This maybe partly due to a lack of previous knowledge of the genetics and breeding system in this crop. Classical breeding in mushrooms has been difficult due to the predominantly secondarily homothallic life cycle of this fungus. The cultivated strains thus display limited genetic variability. Also, developing an efficient genetic transformation technique and disease resistance is a challenging task in mushrooms. With the ongoing sequencing of the mushroom genome, knowledge of the gene organization and functions can be available and will help in developing better marker assisted selection breeding systems. This will lead to superior strains and along with an improvement in cultivation techniques, will pave the way for higher yield and quality.
An Ensemble Approach for Efficient Churn Prediction in Telecom Industry

The rise of globalization and market liberalization are changing the face of market competitiveness significantly. The appearance of modern technology in business processes has intensified the competition and put forth new challenges for service providing companies. To cope up with changing scenarios, companies are shifting their attention on retaining the existing customers rather hiring new ones. This is more cost effective and requires lesser resource as well. The phenomenon of abandoning the company by a customer is known as churn and in this context, anticipating the customer's intention to churn is called churn prediction. Data Mining and machine learning techniques, as applied to customer behavior and usage information, can assist the churn management processes. This paper used customer usage and related information from a telecom service provider to analyze churn in telecom industry. The decision trees and its ensembles, Random Forest and Gradient Boosted trees are used as underlying statistical machine learning models for building the binary churn classifier. The implementation part has been done using apache spark which is state of the art unified data analysis framework for machine learning and data mining. In order to achieve better and efficient results, the grid based hyper-parameter optimization is applied.
A Study on the Web Service Quality and User Satisfaction at Open Market

The open market are expanding service quality which was used as rating scale in the field of marketing. In accordance with open market, they convert it to e-service quality and use it. Udo et al.[6] suggested web service quality combining e-SEVQUAL[2] and extended Information Success Model[7]. This study suggests four influence factors of e-service quality in the open market; website privacy and security, web site contents, web site convenience, and images of the open market companies. The study conducted survey on 301 college students and life long education center students in Busan. The study found that all four influence factors have positive effects on the web service quality and ultimately web service quality has beneficial effects on the satisfaction in open market users' information system.
Robust speaker change detection using Kernel-Gaussian model

This paper introduces and evaluates a novel approach for un-supervised speaker change detection. In many unsupervised speaker change detection algorithms, each audio segment is typically modeled with a multivariate single Gaussian density, where it is assumed that the distribution of the speech features of the segment is Gaussian. However, this assumption is too strong in many cases. Therefore, this paper presents an alternative to the single Gaussian model: Gaussian model in reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) or Kernel-Gaussian model (KGM). KGM ﬁrst projects speech features into RKHS via a nonlinear mapping. Then it models the features in RKHS with a Gaussian density. The mapping procedure enables KGM to capture non-linear structure of speech features. An implementation of KGM is proposed and evaluated. Experiments on different datasets show that better results are achieved by KGM compared to the single Gaussian model.
Safety and Efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Myasthenia Gravis

Myasthenia Gravis is autoimmune disorder of neuromuscular transmission. In some cases, psychiatric complications aggravate its course. Myasthenia gravis (MG) has always been a challenge for anesthesiologists and psychiatrists when the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is required, especially when succinylcholine is used together with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. We describe a 76 years old patient with treatment resistant major depressive disorder, without neurological symptoms of MG, under long-term acetylcholinesterase inhibitors treatment. ECT was administered in one successful, uneventful series of 7 treatments within 28 days with bilateral electrode placement. Although highest dosage of succinylcholine-1.5 mg/kg was used, the restart of breathing was without any problems after ECT sedation.
Reduced Atherosclerotic Lesions in Mice Deficient for Total or Macrophage-Specific Expression of Scavenger Receptor-A

Abstract—The absence of the scavenger receptor A (SR-A)-I/II has produced variable effects on atherosclerosis in different murine models. Therefore, we examined whether SR-AI/II deficiency affected atherogenesis in C57BL/6 mice, an inbred strain known to be susceptible to diet-induced atherosclerotic lesion formation, and whether the deletion of macrophage SR-AI/II expression would modulate lesion growth in C57BL/6 mice and LDL receptor (LDLR)−/− mice. SR-AI/II–deficient (SR-AI/II−/−) female and male mice on the C57BL/6 background were challenged with a butterfat diet for 30 weeks. No differences were detected in plasma lipids between SR-AI/II−/− and SR-AI/II+/+ mice, whereas both female and male SR-AI/II−/− mice had a tremendous reduction (81% to 86%) in lesion area of the proximal aorta compared with SR-AI/II+/+ mice. Next, to analyze the effect of macrophage-specific SR-AI/II deficiency in atherogenesis, female C57BL/6 mice were lethally irradiated, transplanted with SR-AI/II−/− or SR-AI/II+/+ fetal liver cells, and challenged with the butterfat diet for 16 weeks. In a separate experiment, male LDLR−/− mice were reconstituted with SR-AI/II−/− or SR-AI/II+/+ fetal liver cells and challenged with a Western diet for 10 weeks. No significant differences in plasma lipids and lipoprotein profiles were noted between the control and experimental groups in either experiment. SR-AI/II−/−→C57BL/6 mice, however, had a 60% reduction in lesion area of the proximal aorta compared with SR-AI/II+/+→C57BL/6 mice. A similar level of reduction (60%) in lesion area was noted in the proximal aorta and the entire aorta en face of SR-AI/II−/−→LDLR−/− mice compared with SR-AI/II+/+→LDLR−/− mice. These results demonstrate in vivo that SR-AI/II expression has no impact on plasma lipid levels and that macrophage SR-AI/II contributes significantly to atherosclerotic lesion formation.