Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved indoor lighting improved healthy aging at home – an intervention study in 77-year-old Norwegians

Introduction: Healthy aging and good quality of life is important to allow older people to live at home. Lighting is a significant environmental attribute promoting visual, physical, and mental health. Due to normal visual age changes, older people need more light, but improving indoor lighting levels receives little attention. Objective: To investigate the impact of improved home lighting on abilities to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and quality of life in healthy older people. Methods: Sixty healthy 77 years old living at home participated during the 4-month dark winter period. In the intervention group (IG, n=30), the living room lighting was optimized by providing lamps and a basic control system with three preset levels (normal, medium, low). Participants chose the light level and kept a diary. No change was implemented for the control group (CG, n=30). A questionnaire measured self-reported visual and general health and ability to perform ADL in regards to lighting before and after the intervention in both groups. Results: In the IG, lighting levels significantly improved self-assessed lighting levels, abilities to perform ADLs, and read and write in the living room (all p<0.03). In the CG the only change was a deterioration in performing ADLs (p<0.05). The difference in change was significant between the IG and CG (all p<0.02). “Normal” lighting was the preferred level and increased comfort and well-being. The IG also resumed visually demanding tasks, and acknowledged that avoiding these tasks were mainly due to poor lighting. Conclusions: Good vision is essential in promoting healthy aging at home and require adequate lighting. This can easily be achieved using a basic light system. Adopting to higher lighting levels evolves quickly. Our results suggest that improved quality of light could improve quality of life, and lighting should be included as a factor promoting healthy aging at home.
EXPLORING THE QUALITY OF MISSION STATEMENTS ON CROATIA`S CORPORATE WEBSITES

Mission statements including the vision, mission and values are important strategic management tools that capture an entity's reason for existence. They also distinguish one organization from other similar companies, which is essential in the approach to the stakeholders. It is recommended that these statements are accessible to as many stakeholders as possible. The best way of communicating mission statements for relatively insignificant costs is the World Wide Web. This may be especially important for establishing contacts on international markets, providing the company's website contains the translation of its mission statements. While the literature recognizes the importance of communicating meaningful mission statements on corporate websites, the practices used by the companies in Croatia are open for research. The purpose of this research is to examine whether companies in Croatia use their websites to effectively communicate their mission statements. This study is based on the content analysis of the websites of the Croatia's 150 best companies, according to The Best 500 Companies for the year 2008 listing. Statements' accessibility is measured and their components evaluated using the Pierce and David mission statement content recommendations. The results obtained will hopefully provide insight into the quality of Croatia's companies' mission statements.
Anomaly detection and resilient control of networked control system with multi-hop routing

ABSTRACT With the wide application of networked control systems, how to deal with data injection attacks and maintain the stability of control systems including wireless multi-hop networks is a problem that the researchers and technological workers must consider and solve. Based on the construction of a control system including wireless multi-hop networks, the data transmission mode between routing nodes and the stability condition of the control system are given. Considering the existence of data injection attacks to routing nodes, a real-time detection method for anomaly behaviours is presented on the basis of chi-square goodness-of-fit test. In the case of data injection actions taking place, a strategy of switching paths in turn is used to execute the control task. The strategy is satisfied with the resilient stability of the control system. The simulation results show that the detection method can detect the data injection actions in real time, and the control strategy can restore control variables to proper values when the data injection actions exist. These methods have certain application prospects and popularisation values.
Focusing Parallel Bistatic SAR Data Using the Analytic Transfer Function in the Wavenumber Domain

In recent years, bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) has attracted the attention of many radar researchers. It is well known that the slant range history of BiSAR is the sum of two square-rooted terms, which correspond to the transmitting and receiving slant ranges, respectively. For a point target in the SAR scene, it is quite difficult, if not impossible, to obtain an analytic formula to describe the target echo data in the 2-D frequency domain without any approximation by using the conventional stationary phase method, which makes it very difficult to develop fast-focusing algorithms for BiSAR. In this paper, based on the concept of an instantaneous Doppler wavenumber and by defining a new variable called half quasi-bistatic angle, an analytic formula of the point target response in the spectral domain is developed for BiSAR with parallel trajectory (referred to as parallel BiSAR for simplicity). Relying on a first-order Taylor expansion of the above formula with respect to the parameter called the sum of closest distances on the swath center, a bistatic range migration algorithm is proposed for any azimuth-shift-invariant BiSAR data processing. Simulation results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed novel approach.
Persistence of secondary mitral regurgitation and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy.

AIMS Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves survival and quality of life in advanced heart failure (HF). Although mitral regurgitation (MR) reduction has been reported, its presence has been associated with non-response to CRT. This study was undertaken to assess the potential role of significant mitral regurgitation (SMR) persistence after CRT on clinical outcome, major arrhythmic events, and echocardiographic response in the mid-long term. METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-six patients (28.9% women, 63 +/- 11 years) with dilated cardiomyopathy in advanced HF were included. SMR, defined as regurgitant orifice area > or =0.20 cm(2), was assessed at baseline and its evolution 6 months after CRT. Clinical outcome (cardiovascular death/HF readmission), major arrhythmic events, and echocardiographic response (reverse remodelling) were recorded on follow-up. Thirty-two patients (42.1%) presented baseline SMR, becoming non-significant in 11 of the 32 patients (34.3%) 6 months after CRT. Its persistence was associated with higher rates of clinical events (46.4 vs. 18.7%, P = 0.011), arrhythmic events (35.7 vs. 14.5%, P = 0.034), and less reverse remodelling (28.5 vs. 83.3%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION CRT can reduce moderate or severe baseline MR to non-significant in one-third of patients. However, its persistence was associated with worse clinical evolution, greater incidence of arrhythmic events, and less reverse remodelling.
Ellagitannin (BJA3121), an anti‐proliferative natural polyphenol compound, can regulate the expression of MiRNAs in HepG2 cancer cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cancers. A number of miRNA expression‐profiling studies have been done to identify the miRNA signatures of cancers from different cellular origin. There is, however, relatively little information on how anticancer agents regulate miRNA expression. Ellagitannin (BJA3121), 1,3‐Di‐O‐galloyl‐4,6‐(s)‐HHDP‐b‐D‐glucopyranose, is a new natural polyphenol compound isolated from Balanophora Japonica MAKINO. Our preliminary results have shown that BJA3121 had antiproliferative effect and modified the expression of different genes in human HepG2 cancer cells. In this study, we further evaluate whether this antineoplastic compound is able to alter miRNA expression in HepG2 cells. We demonstrated for the first time that BJA3121 can regulate the expression of 25 miRNAs, including 17 upregulated and 8 downregulated miRNAs in HepG2 cells. Our results suggested that BJA3121‐modifed miRNA expression can mediate, at least in part, the antiproliferative and multigene regulatory action induced by the compound on HepG2 cancer cells. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gender-Moderating Effect on e-Shopping Behavior: A Cross-Cultural Study of the United States and Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT This study elucidates the moderating effects of gender on factors affecting e-retail website use with survey data from two culturally diverse countries. This research found that the e-shopping model relationships are moderated by gender and provides support that the direct effects of three e-service quality dimensions are positively related to e-retail website loyalty and that e-retail website loyalty and perceived switching cost are related to e-retail website use. The findings highlight the importance for e-retail businesses to develop differential marketing and design strategies focused on males and females.
Subcellular changes of rat myocardium after treatment with amiodarone or desethylamiodarone, studied with electron microscopy.

Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic agent, has proven to be unique in its capability to control arrhythmias unresponsive to conventional drugs. However, its association with many undesirable side effects after chronic usage has become just as clear. Chronic clinical toxicity with amiodarone is associated with intracellular lamellar or myelinoid inclusion bodies (onionoid bodies or corpora cepiformia) in various organs (i.e. skin, cornea, lung, liver, and lymph nodes). Previous study has demonstrated formation of these inclusion bodies in canine myocardium following multiple doses of amiodarone. The present study was designed to develop a more convenient animal model, and to measure the concentration of amiodarone, as well as desethylamiodarone (its major metabolite) in this rodent model. The direct role of desethylamiodarone in formation of lamellar inclusion bodies in rat myocardium was also investigated. Amiodarone (50 mg/kg) or desethylamiodarone (25 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally daily for a period of 14 days. Myocardial sections revealed the presence of lamellar inclusion bodies, round or oval in appearance, in the form of laminated or concentrically arranged membranes after either amiodarone or desethylamiodarone treatment. This is the first reference to the induction of these myelinoid inclusion bodies with desethylamiodarone. Myocardial tissue concentrations of amiodarone and desethylamiodarone exceeding plasma concentrations were found in the present study and indicate the capability of these compounds to easily distribute and accumulate in the myocardium.
A 3.7mW 3MHz bandwidth 4.5GHz digital fractional-N PLL with −106dBc/Hz In-band noise using time amplifier based TDC

A digital fractional-N PLL that employs a time amplifier based TDC and a truly fractional divider to achieve low in-band noise with a wide bandwidth of 3MHz is presented. Fabricated in 65nm CMOS process, the prototype PLL consumes 3.7mW at 4.5GHz output frequency and achieves better than -106dBc/Hz in-band noise and 490fsrms integrated jitter. This translates to a FoMJ of -240.5dB, which is the best among the reported fractional-N PLLs.
Infiltrating epitheliosis of the breast: characterization of histological features, immunophenotype and genomic profile

Infiltrating epitheliosis is a rare complex sclerosing lesion (CSL) of the breast, characterized by infiltrating ducts immersed in a scleroelastotic stroma and filled with cells having architectural and cytological patterns reminiscent of those of usual ductal hyperplasia. In this study we sought to define the molecular characteristics of infiltrating epitheliosis.
2,4-Diamino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidin-1-ium 2-acetamidobenzoate

The title compound, C12H14ClN4 +·C9H8NO3 −, is a salt with a 1:1 ratio of cation and anion components interacting with each other forming an R 2 2(8) ring motif. The crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds (N—H⋯O) involving two different eight-membered rings. One of them is formed between the pyrimidine ring (donor) and the carboxylate group (acceptor) from the benzoate, whereas the other ring is formed by N—H⋯O interactions, which help to form a dimer between two symmetry-related salts in the unit cell. In addition, an intramolecular C—H⋯N and intermolecular C—H⋯Cl interactions help to control the molecules in the unit-cell packing.
Experimental Febrile Convulsions in the Developing Rat: Effects on the Cholinergic System

Summary: The effects of hyperthermia‐induced convulsions (HCs) on nicotinic and muscarinic receptor sites, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the rat were investigated. A series of 10 convulsions, evoked between 5 and 16 days of age, had marked effects on the development of the cholinergic system in the cerebellum and frontal cortex, but not in the hippocampus or hypothalamus. The concentration of muscarinic receptor sites in the cerebellum of the HC group was similar to that in controls at 2 days, greater than in controls at 8 days, but less than in controls at 55 days after the last convulsion. ChAT and AChE activities were increased at 2 days, similar at 8 days, and less than those in controls at 55 days. A decrease in muscarinic receptors and a decline in ChAT activity in the frontal cortex of the HC group were observed at 55 days after the last convulsion. The concentration of nicotinic receptor sites did not distinguish HC from control groups. A simple relationship between the experimental febrile convulsion and the cholinergic system was not found. The greatest effects were noted at 55 days after the last HC, which suggests that these may reflect secondary and possibly transsynaptic influences of the convulsion on cholinergic activity.
Digital Currencies: Principles, Trends, Opportunities, and Risks

The report describes the ongoing innovations in the financial sector brought about by digital currencies from a multi-level perspective: systemic, technical, legal, and industrial. The report extensively covers the current trends in the domain, in order to give the reader a quantitative understanding of the potential opportunities and risks arising from the global adoption of digital currencies.
Organisational justice and cognitive function in middle-aged employees: the Whitehall II study

Background Little is known about the role that work-related factors play in the decline of cognitive function. This study examined the association between perceived organisational justice and cognitive function among middle-aged men and women. Methods Perceived organisational justice was measured at phases 1 (1985–8) and 2 (1989–90) of the Whitehall II study when the participants were 35–55 years old. Assessment of cognitive function at the screening clinic at phases 5 (1997–9) and 7 (2003–4) included the following tests in the screening clinic: memory, inductive reasoning (Alice Heim 4), vocabulary (Mill Hill), and verbal fluency (phonemic and semantic). Mean exposure to lower organisational justice at phases 1 and 2 in relation to cognitive function at phases 5 and 7 were analysed using linear regression analyses. The final sample included 4531 men and women. Results Lower mean levels of justice at phases 1 and 2 were associated with worse cognitive function in terms of memory, inductive reasoning, vocabulary and verbal fluency at both phases 5 and 7. These associations were independent of covariates, such as age, occupational grade, behavioural risks, depression, hypertension and job strain. Conclusions This study suggests an association between perceived organisational justice and cognitive function. Further studies are needed to examine whether interventions designed to improve organisational justice would affect employees' cognition function favourably.
The State, Courts, and Maternity Policies in U.S. Organizations: Specifying Institutional Mechanisms

We analyze the dynamic interaction of state institutions and organizational policies through an analysis of leave benefits in U.S. organizations. Following the Pregnancy Leave Act of 1978 and the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, organizations have been required by law to allow workers to take time off from work for childbearing and childrearing. Yet organizations vary on whether they offer full-time employees benefits that actually facilitate leave for family responsibilities. We analyze the determinants of the organizational decision to offer paid maternity leave to full-time employees. We compare these findings to the determinants of the organizational decision to offer paid sick leave to full-time employees. Our analysis suggests that organizations have taken an activist approach to their institutional environments: In the face of federal definitions of the law that mandated gender-neutral policies in the workplace and linked pregnancy to disability, those organizations that most often deal with maternity issues (e.g., those located in female-dominated industries) have institutionalized sick leave policies (often instead of maternity leave) to accommodate pregnant employees. The analysis examines specific aspects of the institutional environment at the state and federal levels to illuminate these trends.
The influence of occlusal forces on force delivery properties of aligners during rotation of an upper central incisor.

OBJECTIVE To determine the forces and moments delivered to a maxillary central incisor during rotation with aligners when a simulated occlusal force generated during swallowing acts on the appliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five identical appliances were manufactured from four different starting materials (Erkodur 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm; Biolon 0.75 mm and 1.0 mm). An upper central incisor fixed in a measuring device was rotated around its central axis in 0.5-degree steps up to ±10 degrees with the appliance fixed in place. An occlusal force of 30 N generated during swallowing was simulated with a weight positioned on the appliance. For statistical analysis, the moments Tz (rotation) and forces Fz (intrusion) at a deflection of ±0.34 mm to the incisor edge (±5 degrees rotation) were tested. Means and standard deviations for Tz and median and 25% and 75% quartiles for Fz were calculated. An analysis of variance was performed. RESULTS The simulated occlusal force increased the measured intrusive force Fz (maximum with a weight, -3.7 N [-3.7, -2.4]; minimum without a weight, -1.3 N [-1.4, -1.1]) and the rotary moment Tz (maximum with a weight, -50.8 Nmm [±0.8]; minimum without a weight, 18.2 Nmm [±0.9]) significantly in all cases (P < .01). This was found for all materials measured and for both directions of rotation. CONCLUSION During rotation with aligners, a simulated occlusal force increases the intrusive force and the rotary moment. The biological adverse side effects of these phenomena remain unclear, especially in patients with periods of bruxism.
Altitudinal variation for stress resistance traits and thermal adaptation in adult Drosophila buzzatii from the New World

Multiple stress resistance traits were investigated in the cactophilic fly Drosophila buzzatii. Adults from seven populations derived from North‐Western Argentina were compared with respect to traits relevant for thermal stress resistance and for resistance to other forms of environmental stress. The populations were collected along an altitudinal gradient spanning more than 2000 m in height, showing large climatic differences. The results suggest that knock‐down resistance to heat stress, desiccation resistance and Hsp70 expression at a relatively severe stressful temperature best reflect thermal adaptation in this species. Furthermore, cold resistance seemed to be of less importance than heat resistance, at least for the adult life stage, in these populations. Clinal variation in thermal resistance traits over short geographical distances suggests relatively strong adaptive differentiation of the populations. This study provides the first evidence for altitudinal differentiation in stress‐related traits, and suggests that Hsp70 expression level can be related to altitudinal clines of heat‐stress resistance.
Wide-area monitoring of the North American power grid: An integrated portfolio of real-time reliability tools

An integrated portfolio of wide-area real-time reliability tools is addressing one of the major recommendations from the most recent blackouts in North America's Eastern and Western interconnections: The lack of common, simultaneous, adequate and accurate reliability information during major disturbances. The functional specifications for the tools were defined through guidance provided by NERC reliability Subcommittees and Reliability Coordinators addressing wide-area real operational reliability problems. The tools' intelligent alarms, multi-view, geo-graphic displays and automatic reliability reports enable Balancing Authorities and Reliability Coordinators to rapidly and jointly interpret and use consistently presented real-time data to monitor load-generation-frequency resources adequacy and grid health. The data and functional architectures are being adapted to make the tools useful for the integration of emergent dynamic distributed systems into the traditional centralized systems of today. The paper focus on the most intensively used tools, and illustrates how the tools are used in practice with five examples drawn from four interconnections.
A comparison of ICU mortality prediction using the APACHE II scoring system and artificial neural networks

The aim of this study was to compare the ability of artificial neural networks and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score to predict mortality in adult intensive care units. The same physiological variables were used in both predictive models to predict hospital mortality from a data set of 8796 patients collected from 26 adult intensive care units in the United Kingdom and Ireland as part of the Intensive Care Society study. The results from the two models were compared with the actual outcome. The overall prediction accuracy and the overall goodness‐of‐fit of all the models were assessed. Both predictive models showed similar goodness‐of‐fit and prediction discrimination. The overall predictive and classification performance of the artificial neural network developed matched and in some aspects was better than that of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II.
Some properties of semiregular cages

A graph with degree set \r, r + 1\ is said to be semiregular. A semiregular cage is a semiregular graph with given girth g and the least possible order. First, an upper bound on the diameter of semiregular graphs with girth g and order close enough to the minimum possible value is given in this work. As a consequence, these graphs are proved to be maximally connected when the girth g >= 7 is odd. Moreover an upper bound for the order of semiregular cages is given and, as an application, every semiregular cage with degree set \r, r + 1\ is proved to be maximally connected for g is an element of \6, 8\, and when g = 12 for r >= 7 and r not equal 20. Finally it is also shown that every (\r, r + 1\; g)-cage is 3-connected.