Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Equivalence between Bayesian and Dominant Strategy Implementation: The Case of Correlated Types

We consider general social choice environments with private values and correlated types. Each agent's matrix of conditional probabilities satisfies the full rank condition. We show that for any Bayesian incentive compatible mechanism there exists a dominant strategy incentive compatible mechanism that delivers the same interim expected utilities to all agents and generates at least the same social surplus. In addition, if there is a social alternative that is inferior to the other alternatives for all agents the dominant strategy incentive compatible mechanism matches exactly the social surplus. These results extend to environments with interdependent values satisfying the single crossing condition.
Brain pharmacokinetics of a nonpeptidic corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist.

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is known to play an important role in the body response to stress. Butyl-[2,5-dimethyl-7-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-ethylamine (CP-154,526) is a CRF(1) antagonist showing anxiolytic activities in rats in behavioral models, suggesting that CP-154,526 crosses the blood-brain barrier. However, there is no direct evidence for this. This study determined the pharmacokinetic profile of CP-154,526 in rats after i.v. and p.o. application. After i.v. bolus, the concentration declined in a biphasic manner, the first half-life being 0.9 h and the terminal one being 51 h. Systemic clearance was 36 ml/min/kg, and the volume of distribution was 105 l/kg. Oral bioavailability reached 27%. To study brain pharmacokinetics, rats were given a single dose of CP-154,526 p.o. or i.v. and sacrificed after different post-treatment times. Plasma, cortex, striatum, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and cerebellum concentrations were measured. After i.v. bolus, maximal brain concentration was reached after 20 min. The hypothalamus displayed significantly lower concentrations compared with the other brain tissues. In the p.o. study, the maximal plasma concentration was reached after 30 min, whereas the maximal brain concentration was observed after 1 h and remained stable until 2 h post-treatment, without significant differences between the brain tissues. The unidirectional brain extraction ratio was 27 and 9% at vascular concentrations of 0.08 and 16 nmol/ml, respectively. These results demonstrate a large brain penetration of CP-154,526 after i.v. and p.o. applications and a comparable distribution among the brain regions, except for the hypothalamus, which displayed lower concentrations after i.v. bolus.
Model-based synthesis of reactive planning on-line testers for non-deterministic embedded systems

We describe a method and algorithm for model-based construction of an on-line reactive planning tester (RPT) for black-box testing of embedded systems specified by non-deterministic extended finite state machine (EFSM) models. The key idea of RPT lies in off-line learning of the System Under Test (SUT) model to prepare the data for efficient on-line reactive planning. A test purpose is attributed to the transitions of the SUT model by a set of Boolean conditions called traps. The result of the off-line analysis is a set of constraints used in on-line testing for guiding the SUT towards taking the moves represented by trap-labeled transitions in SUT model and generating required data for inputs. We demonstrate the results on a simple example and discuss the practical experiences of using the proposed method.
Tome 8. Inventaire des signes hiéroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie informatique.

Manuel de codage des textes hieroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie sur ordinateur. « Informatique et egyptologie » 2 Par J. Buurman, N. Grimal, M. Hainsworth, J. Hallof et D. Van der Plas. 215 pages Parution : 1988 Prix : 15 € Avant-propos Le Manuel de codage des textes hieroglyphiques en vue de leur saisie sur ordinateur est ne de la volonte commune des egyptologues enregistrant leur documentation sur ordinateur de fournir a la collectivite un outil de description des textes unifie. Sa (.)
4-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one monohydrate

In the title compound, C16H17N3O2S·H2O, the triazole ring makes a dihedral angle of 34.63 (6)° with the benzene ring. The thiophene ring is disordered over two orientations [occupancy ratio = 0.634 (4):0.366 (4)] which make dihedral angles of 54.61 (16) and 54.57 (31)° with the triazole ring. Intermolecular N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize the crystal structure.
Human dural thickness measured by ultrasonographic method: reflection of intracranial pressure.

We measured changes in dural thickness to estimate intracranial pressure. The dural thickness on magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement was compared in a hydrocephalic patient before and after shunt operation. Dural thickness also was measured directly using a micrometer at craniotomy for aneurysmal clipping in 11 patients. A small ultrasound probe (5 MHz) was held against the temporal scalp of 10 volunteers to extract convoluted interference echoes from the dura mater using a computer‐‐based system for fast Fourier transform‐Cepstrum analysis and maximum entropy analysis. The degree of intracranial pressure in the supine position was varied in the volunteers with transient neck compression. The enhanced dural thickness of the patient with hydrocephalus, barely visualized before shunt operation, increased after surgery. Dural thickness measurements obtained ultrasonographically in the supine position were similar to direct measurements of thickness. Changes in dural thickness on ultrasonography reflect changes in intracranial pressure.
Semantic selection for model composition using SAMSaaS

The reuse of existing models in modeling and simulation software is becoming increasingly important. One way to improve model reuse is through composition. Even though much work has been done for model composition at the syntactic level, research at the semantic level is still under development. In particular, selection for model composition based on semantics is complex, because it is hard for casual users to understand the formal definition of models. Likewise, there are no automated mechanisms to build domain-specific ontologies based on the models. In order to deal with the above issues, we introduced SAMSaaS (Semantic Architecture for Modeling and Simulation as a Service), a layered architecture to deploy and compose M&S resources as services. Here, we focus on the upper layers of the architecture, and present a tag mining method and a tag-tree ontology learning approach to learn domain specific ontology for the models. We show an application to DEVS examples to show its success and possible applications.
Optical Imaging of Functional Organization in the Monkey Inferotemporal Cortex

To investigate the functional organization of object recognition, the technique of optical imaging was applied to the primate inferotemporal cortex, which is thought to be essential for object recognition. The features critical for the activation of single cells were first determined in unit recordings with electrodes. In the subsequent optical imaging, presentation of the critical features activated patchy regions around 0.5 millimeters in diameter, covering the site of the electrode penetration at which the critical feature had been determined. Because signals in optical imaging reflect average neuronal activities in the regions, the result directly indicates the regional clustering of cells responding to similar features.
Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Deficiency

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) belongs to the Tec family of nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinases. Mutations in the BTK gene cause X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA); a primary immunodeficiency disorder in human. No clear genotype-phenotype correlation has been established in XLA so far. To determine how differently mutations in BTK affect the severity of the disease and if BTK promoter polymorphic variant or intron 1 polymorphic variant in Tec, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that might substitute for Btk, could contribute to the clinical phenotype, we analyzed the clinical and molecular findings in a cohort of XLA patients. Polymorphisms in BTK promoter and TEC intron 1 regions include substitutions of C>T (rs2071219) and T>C (rs2664019), respectively. Btk expression was evaluated by means of western immunoblotting and fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis. Mutations were categorized as mild or severe and patients were evaluated for the clinical severity of disease. On the basis of the results, severe genotypes do not necessarily lead to severe phenotypes. More over, in a considerable number of patients with mild phenotype we showed a severe mutation with a tendency toward C substitution in the polymorphic site on TEC intron 1.
Does academic achievement in children with epilepsy change over time?

A 4‐year follow‐up study of academic achievement in children aged between 11 and 17 years with epilepsy or asthma was carried out to identify differences between the two samples and to identify change in achievement over time. Differences based on sex and seizure severity also were explored. There were 98 subjects in the group with epilepsy and 96 subjects in the group with asthma. Academic achievement in five areas (Composite, Reading, Mathematics, Language, and Vocabulary) was measured using school‐administered group test scores. To explore change over time in condition severity, each child was categorized as having a low or high condition severity at baseline (time I) and again 4 years later, resulting in four groups: low–low, low–high, high–low, and high–high. There were too few cases in the low–high group to be included in the analyses. Data were processed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), intraclass correlation coefficients, and paired t tests. At follow‐up the children with epilepsy continued to perform significantly worse in all five achievement areas than the children with asthma. Children with either inactive or low‐severity epilepsy had mean scores comparable to national norms; those with high seizure severity had mean scores ranging from 3 to 5 points below national norms. No changes were found in academic achievement over time for either sample, even among those whose conditions improved. Although boys with high‐severity epilepsy continued to have the lowest achievement scores, there was no trend for them to decline in achievement over time.
Allergies to Cross-Reactive Plant Proteins

Both latex-fruit syndrome and oral allergy syndrome concomitant with pollinosis (pollen-food allergy syndrome) are considered to be caused by cross-reactivity between sensitizers and symptom elicitors. The cross-reactive food allergens relevant to these syndromes are mostly sensitive to heat and digestive enzymes. Such a vulnerable antigen cannot sensitize people perorally but provokes allergic reactions in already sensitized patients based on its cross-reactivity to the corresponding sensitizer. These types of food allergens are often called incomplete food allergens or nonsensitizing elicitors. Their features contrast with those of complete food allergens that have the capacity for peroral sensitization as well as symptom elicitation. Although highly antigenic and cross-reactive, carbohydrate epitopes do not generally elicit allergic reactions and often disturb in vitro IgE tests. Recent research has revealed that some of the cross-reactive allergens responsible for the two syndromes are proteins related to the defense responses of higher plants. Plant defense-related proteins are relatively conserved in the course of evolution and can supply cross-reactive epitopes. It is important to note that various stresses can stimulate the expression of these proteins, which implies that allergens increase in plants under stressful conditions like severe growing situations and exposure to some kinds of chemicals. Because defense-related proteins usually provide a plant with resistance to stresses, varieties that are apt to intensively induce such proteins are agriculturally valuable. Less toxic substances that cause crops to express defensive proteins are being investigated as a new type of agrochemical. Moreover, some defense-related proteins are going to be constantly produced in genetically modified plants. Even though these proteins can be useful agriculturally, their allergenicity should be evaluated carefully.
The Evolution of Structure and Characteristics of International Collaborative Network of Publications about 3D Printing Technology

The development of 3D printing technology has attracted worldwide concern, most of countries have funded actively in technology research and development. Based on the publications data from the Web of Science, the paper conducts a systematic analysis on international collaborative network of publications about 3D printing technology from the perspective of institutions. By using the social network analysis methods such as density, average path length, clustering coefficient, collaborative network centrality and collaborative strength to analyze the evolution of its structure and characteristics, the paper finds that more and more institutions from different countries joined the international collaborative network gradually, and there are significant differences in the structure and characteristics of the international collaborative network of the institutions in different stages.
Engaging, Supporting, and Sustaining the Invisible Partners in Care

Few studies have explored the health effects of caregiving for post-9/11 veterans who have been traumatically injured, have traumatic brain injuries, or have post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-9/11 veterans and their caregivers tend to be younger than veterans who served exclusively prior to 9/11. In response to the needs of caregivers, Public Law 111-163, the Caregivers and Veterans Omnibus Health Services Act of 2010, was passed, providing unprecedented support for informal caregivers of veterans. This support includes a monthly stipend and health insurance for caregivers who meet eligibility criteria. The uptake in these support services, and the resulting cost of services, has far surpassed expectations. As the Department of Veterans Affairs continues to provide caregiver support services, it is essential to determine the value and direct impact of the services provided to caregivers and veterans.
Neural Network Motion Tracking Control of Piezo-Actuated Flexure-Based Mechanisms for Micro-/Nanomanipulation

This paper presents a neural network motion tracking control methodology for piezo-actuated flexure-based micro-/nanomanipulation mechanisms. In particular, the radial basis function neural networks are adopted for function approximations. The control objective is to track desired motion trajectories in the presence of unknown system parameters, nonlinearities including the hysteresis effect, and external disturbances. In this study, a lumped-parameter dynamic model that combines the piezoelectric actuator and the micro-/nanomechanism is established for the formulation of the proposed approach. The stability of the control methodology is analyzed, and the convergence of the position-and velocity-tracking errors to zero is proven theoretically. A precise tracking performance in following a desired motion trajectory is demonstrated in the experimental study. An important advantage of this control approach is that no prior knowledge is required for not only the system parameters, but also for the thresholds and weights of the neural networks in the physical realization of the control system. This control methodology is very suitable for the implementation of high-performance flexure-based micro-/nanomanipulation control applications.
Fine frequency grid phase calibration setup for the Large Signal Network Analyzer

Large signal analyzers measure calibrated waves. Besides the classical linear SOLT-calibration, this requires two additional calibration steps: a power and a phase calibration over frequency. Nowadays phase relations can be calibrated with a frequency resolution of 2MHz. The aim of this paper is to obtain a fine frequency grid phase calibration for the large signal network analyser based on a coarse grid phase calibration. The approach uses a frequency conversion performed with a crystal detector
3-D imaging of high-speed moving space target

The high-speed moving of space targets introduces distortion and migration to range profile, which will have a negative effect on three-dimensional (3-D) imaging of targets. In this paper, based on parametric sparse representation, a 3-D imaging method for high-speed moving space target is proposed. First, the impact of high speed on range profile is analyzed. Then, based on L-shaped three-antenna interferometric system, a dynamic joint parametric sparse representation model of echoes from three antennas is established. The dictionary matrix is refined by iterative estimation of velocity. Finally, interferometric processing is conducted to obtain the 3-D image of target scatterers. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Role of Downstream Elements in Transcriptional Regulation of the HIV-1 Promoter

The human immunodeficiency virus type1 (HIV-1) promoter, the long terminal repeat (LTR), is central to regulating many aspects of viral life cycle dynamics. After viral integration into the host genome, the interactions of host and viral factors with the regulatory elements in the LTR govern viral gene expression, contributing to formation of either a productive transcriptional state or an inactive one. The molecular architecture of the LTR, especially due to the nucleosomal packaging, presents DNA binding elements to cellular transcription factors not only to sites that are upstream of the transcriptional start site but also to regions of the promoter that are downstream of the start site. The importance of the downstream sites has been appreciated specifically in imposing a fine-tuning on the tightly regulated process of gene expression under the control of HIV-1 LTR. This report provides a comprehensive review of the HIV-1 LTR interactions with the transcription factors in the downstream region and summarizes the functional impact of these events on viral gene expression.
Identification and Characterization of a Ross River Virus Variant That Grows Persistently in Macrophages, Shows Altered Disease Kinetics in a Mouse Model, and Exhibits Resistance to Type I Interferon

ABSTRACT Alphaviruses, such as chikungunya virus, o'nyong-nyong virus, and Ross River virus (RRV), cause outbreaks of human rheumatic disease worldwide. RRV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus endemic to Australia and Papua New Guinea. In this study, we sought to establish an in vitro model of RRV evolution in response to cellular antiviral defense mechanisms. RRV was able to establish persistent infection in activated macrophages, and a small-plaque variant (RRVPERS) was isolated after several weeks of culture. Nucleotide sequence analysis of RRVPERS found several nucleotide differences in the nonstructural protein (nsP) region of the RRVPERS genome. A point mutation was also detected in the E2 gene. Compared to the parent virus (RRV-T48), RRVPERS showed significantly enhanced resistance to beta interferon (IFN-β)-stimulated antiviral activity. RRVPERS infection of RAW 264.7 macrophages induced lower levels of IFN-β expression and production than infection with RRV-T48. RRVPERS was also able to inhibit type I IFN signaling. Mice infected with RRVPERS exhibited significantly enhanced disease severity and mortality compared to mice infected with RRV-T48. These results provide strong evidence that the cellular antiviral response can direct selective pressure for viral sequence evolution that impacts on virus fitness and sensitivity to alpha/beta IFN (IFN-α/β).
A Field Trial of Multi-Cell Cooperative Transmission over LTE System

Multi-cell cooperative transmission is attracting much attention. This technology improves the cell-edge throughput since multiple base stations cooperate with each other in transmitting signals to the cell-edge user. One basic implementation of multi-cell cooperative transmission is inter-sector cooperation, in which a base station with three sectors uses its own equipment to realize multi-cell cooperative transmission. We extended inter-sector cooperation with our proposal of the sector configuration in which three sectors belonging to the same base station equipment are located at different sites linked by optical fiber. With the sector configuration, users located at cell edges between sites can benefit from the inter-sector cooperation, while users located in areas between sectors can enjoy the merit of inter-sector cooperation via the conventional sector configuration. Our previous studies clarified that inter-sector cooperation with the proposed distributed sector configuration provides superior throughput performance compared to the conventional sector configuration. To clarify the effectiveness of the inter-sector cooperation on the distributed sector configuration, we implemented this function on 3GPP Release 8 LTE-compliant equipment and conducted a field trial with the equipment in Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan on March, 2010. In the field trial, we implemented the distributed sector configuration by using RoF and evaluated the multi-cell cooperative transmission. The results of the field trial clarify that multi-cell cooperative transmission can improve cell-edge throughput dramatically.
Consensus between nonlinearly coupled discrete-time agents

The problem of consensus in discrete time multi-agent networks with nonlinear couplings is considered. The agents are identical but may have arbitrary order, the switching interaction topology and the couplings may be uncertain. We assume that the graph is undirected and remains connected, the couplings are anti-symmetric and satisfy some sector or, more generally, conic quadratic constraints. Using the Kalman-Szegö lemma and absolute stability theory techniques, consensus criteria for the networks of this type are obtained. These criteria are close in spirit to the celebrated Tsypkin and Jury-Lee criteria for stability of Lurie systems with sampled time.
Análisis de la estrategia de protección del medio ambiente de la empresa industrial aragonesa

El objetivo de este articulo consiste en analizar las barreras que limitan la adopcion de medidas de proteccion del medio ambiente en las empresas. Para alcanzar este objetivo, partiendo de la literatura sobre el topico y con una muestra de 240 empresas industriales, se estudia en primer lugar la posible existencia de una estructura subyacente en el conjunto de barreras medioambientales. A continuacion, aplicando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, se analiza la influencia de estas barreras en la estrategia medioambiental de la empresa, obteniendose como resultado mas relevante que la unica barrera que determina de una forma negativa y significativa la estrategia medioambiental de la empresa es su capacidad limitada, medida en terminos financieros, organizativos y estrategicos.