Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Upper Airways Obstruction

An indication of obstruction to the upper airways (trachea and larynx) may be obtained by calculating the ratio of the forced expired volume in one second to the peak expiratory flow rate (FEV1/PEFR). This index was found to be usually less than 10 in normal subjects (mean 7·3), and in patients with asthma (mean 6·9), chronic bronchitis (mean 7·7), or interstitial lung disease (mean 6·3). A study of simulated upper airways obstruction showed that this index rises as the obstruction becomes more severe. All of 18 patients with proved upper airways obstruction had FEV1/PEFR indices greater than 10 (mean 14·0). This test can be carried out with forced expiratory manoeuvres only, and it does not require the use of complicated equipment. An FEV1/PEFR ratio greater than 10, when upper airways obstruction is suspected, indicates that significant obstruction may be present. High values suggest that the obstruction may be severe, and that further investigations are indicated.
Active Learning with Scarcely Labeled Data via Bias Variance Reduction

In many occasions in real life, we are faced with the problem of classification of partially labeled data, or semi-supervised learning. We consider the special case of scarcely labeled data or when the labeled data is insufficient, and present a principled method which implements active learning in scarcely labeled data to enhance the performance of the learner. This method is based on the recent bias variance decomposition work for a 0-1 loss function. We focus on bias and variance reduction to reduce 0-1 loss by first selecting a random pool from the unlabeled data, and then using the mostinformative instances from that pool to reduce the variance, bias, and thereby overall loss of the learner via active learning. Our empirical results show that this technique can decrease the loss of the learner significantly.
Emergent Specialization in Biologically Inspired Collective Behavior Systems

Specialization is observable in many complex adaptive systems and is thought by many to be a fundamental mechanism for achieving optimal efficiency within organizations operating within complex adaptive systems. This chapter presents a survey and critique of collective behavior systems designed using biologically inspired principles, where specialization that emerges as a result of system dynamics and is used problem solver or means to increase task performance. The chapter presents an argument for developing design methodologies and principles that facilitate emergent specialization in collective behavior systems. Open problems of current research and future research directions are highlighted for the purpose of encouraging the development of such emergent specialization design methodologies.
Performance of QoS Aware Routing Protocol in WSAN

WSANs mean class of actors and sensors connecting by a wireless means of communication to execute the distributed actuation and sensing tasks. WSAN has made a boom in the technology of communication. With the help of sensors and actors the communication has been more fast and reliable. Moreover it can provide us the more accurate results in the case of any emergency appearing in communication. QoS plays a vital role to ensure that the requirements for the class of applications are met. We are presenting a QARP which assures quality of service in routing protocol communication done among various communication elements. Here QARP is providing delivery assurance with low latency in the presence of failure. We are using a queuing model which assists lesser transfer rate for lower concern packet delivery if jam condition occurs. So QARP can be a potential solution for monitoring with subject to emergency situations. In WSN there are many challenges like power backup, mobility, route failure etc. Such problems are been taken care of by QARP.
A SIMULATION TOOL TO STUDY WIDE-AREA CONTROL SYSTEMS

Power system dynamic simulation programs serve as valuable design and analysis tools to study the re- sponse of the system to various system conditions and events. Due to the increasing use of wide-area measurement & con- trol (WAM & C) systems, need for a dynamic simulation tool with additional capabilities to simulate protective relays, wide-area measurement & control and the associated com- munication network is felt. One such prototype program has been developed which includes these features in the dy- namic simulation program. This novel simulation tool facil- itates easy simulation of various communication and wide- area control schemes. It can be used to determine the per- formance of wide-area control schemes for real-time con- trol, and the feasibility of a communication network for such schemes can also be observed. Unlike local relays, wide-area measurement & control schemes involve data communica- tion from various substations to the control center. Such data communication networks were simulated using user- supplied values of measurement delay, signal propagation delay and data concentrator throughput to determine the net delay associated with the communication of a measurement or control signal. Results demonstrating the capabilities of this dynamic simulation tool are presented.
Overlaying rings onto a mesh network

Optical packet switching (OPS), a promising technology for small, high-capacity networks such as metro or regional networks, leverages optical transparency to decrease the number of interfaces to be deployed and the energy consumption of a network when compared with an opaque technology. Based on those principles, ring-based OPS techniques such as POADM (Packet Optical Add-Drop Multiplexers) were proposed in the past. However, many networks that are already deployed are physical meshes. In this paper, we tackle the problem of mapping OPS rings onto physical meshes. We propose meta-heuristic algorithms based on simulated annealing (SA) and a genetic algorithm (GA). The algorithms also determine where backbone/core nodes should be located. The algorithms minimize the cost of the network expressed for instance in terms of optoelectronic conversions. The impact of various physical constraints (maximum ring length, maximum number of wavelengths in a ring) are included and characterized. We show that, for standard physical constraints, a fully opaque Ethernet network requires 50% more optoelectronic devices than the proposed optical packet switching network.
Beyond the Knowledge Plane: An Inference Plane to Support the Next Generation Internet

The Knowledge Plane was defined as a global, decentralized network overlay which used cognitive information processing to build a self-managing network. This paper builds on that work to address a number of its shortcomings, including a means to express business goals to drive the set of network services and resources provided, the ability to work with and control heterogeneous products and technologies, and the integration of wired and wireless networks using autonomic principles.
The Impact of E-Media on Customer Purchase Intention

In this research paper, authors investigated the social media (e-discussion, websites, online chat, email etc) parameters that have effect over the customers buying decisions. The research focused on the development of research model to test the impact of social media on the customer purchase intention. The literature review done to explore the work done on social media. The authors identify the problem and defined the objectives of the studies. In order to achieve them, a research model is proposed that followed by the development of research hypotheses to testify the model.
A WIMF SCHEME FOR THE DRIFT-FLUX TWO-PHASE FLOW MODEL

In this paper we investigate generalizations of a class of hybrid explicit-implicit numerical schemes [SIAM J. Sci. Comput. , 26 (2005), pp. 1449–1484], originally proposed for a two-fluid two-phase flow model. We here outline a framework for extending this class of schemes, denoted as WIMF (weakly implicit mixture flux), to other systems of conservation laws. We apply the strategy to a different two-phase flow model, the drift-flux model suitable for describing bubbly two-phase mixtures. We base our analysis on a simplified formulation of the model, structurally similar to the Euler equations. We propose a pressure-based Lax-Friedrichs type scheme. Explicit upwind fluxes are incorporated, in a manner ensuring that upwind type resolution is recovered for a simple contact discontinuity. The derived scheme is applied to the general drift-flux model. Numerical simulations demonstrate accuracy, efficiency and an acceptable degree of robustness. subject classification. 76T10, 76M12, 65M12, 35L65 key words. two-phase flow, drift-flux model, implicit scheme, contact discontinuity
On-the-Fly Stuttering in the Construction of Deterministic ω-Automata

We propose to use the knowledge that an ω-regular property is stutter insensitive to construct potentially smaller deterministic ω-automata for such a property, e.g. using Safra’s determinization construction. This knowledge allows us to skip states that are redundant under stuttering, which can reduce the size of the generated automaton. In order to use this technique even for automata that are not completely insensitive to stuttering, we introduce the notion of partial stutter insensitiveness and apply our construction only on the subset of symbols for which stuttering is allowed. We evaluate the benefits of this heuristic in practice using multiple sets of benchmark formulas.
Mobile Robot Path Planning Base on the Hybrid Genetic Algorithm in Unknown Environment

This paper presents an unknown environment robot path planning algorithm. The robot working environments are expressed by grid model; Using digital potential field generated initial path population, and its optimization find the shortest path, and individual evaluation function were processed fitness function both feasible path and unfeasible path fitness function, and then by increasing the deleted and inserted operators to meet the requirement of avoiding obstacles in the path planning. By designing algorithm and experimentations on Pioneer III mobile robot, we can see that when we do the dynamic mobile robot path planning with this method, there are no obstacles of any collision; The planning path is short and smooth curves, to the satisfaction of the effect of planning and convergence rate.
Dimensions and Sub-Dimensions for the Evaluation of M-Learning Apps for Children: A Review

The introduction and rapid growth of mobile learning applications (m-learning apps) has improved the role of teachers in facilitating the learning process especially among children. The learning experiences of children are enhanced and enriched with the use of m-learning apps for children. There are several m-learning apps developed for children in the market today, however, some of these apps do not succinctly support and adequately assist in the learning process and educational endeavors and quest of these young minds. In this paper, a systematic review of literature was conducted to assess past research and studies on usability dimensions and sub-dimensions utilized in evaluating children’s m-learning apps. The systematic literature review consisted of the following approach: the definition of search strategy, selection of primary studies, data extraction, and implementation of synthesis strategy and lastly, the presentation of findings. The result of the review reveals that effectiveness, efficiency, learnability, and user satisfaction (with their corresponding sub-dimensions) were the top four usability dimensions used in the evaluation of m-learning apps for children. In addition, the works reviewed showed that usability evaluation is prominent only during the implementation phase of the applications’ development.
Enhancements in a Method for Noise Filter Disturbance Rejection and Response Speed Improvement

In some applications such as digital communications, measurements and control, an adaptive equaliser is utilised to provide control over the time response of a system. Since an adaptive equaliser is an inverse system of an original system, e.g., communications channel, it amplifies the frequency of noise outside the bandwidth of a channel. In order to reduce the effect of noise, a low pass filter is cascaded with the equaliser. However, the cascaded filter can introduce a negative impact on the speed of adaptation. Therefore, the bandwidth of the cascaded filter is chosen to be very wide at the beginning of the adaptation process and decreases as the output reaching the static value. In this paper an enhanced method for improvement of noise filter characteristics is presented. In order to prove wider applicability, the method is evaluated in a dynamic weighing system. The results of such investigation are presented.
Characterisation and Germline Transmission of Cultured Avian Primordial Germ Cells

Background Avian primordial germ cells (PGCs) have significant potential to be used as a cell-based system for the study and preservation of avian germplasm, and the genetic modification of the avian genome. It was previously reported that PGCs from chicken embryos can be propagated in culture and contribute to the germ cell lineage of host birds. Principal Findings We confirm these results by demonstrating that PGCs from a different layer breed of chickens can be propagated for extended periods in vitro. We demonstrate that intracellular signalling through PI3K and MEK is necessary for PGC growth. We carried out an initial characterisation of these cells. We find that cultured PGCs contain large lipid vacuoles, are glycogen rich, and express the stem cell marker, SSEA-1. These cells also express the germ cell-specific proteins CVH and CDH. Unexpectedly, using RT-PCR we show that cultured PGCs express the pluripotency genes c-Myc, cKlf4, cPouV, cSox2, and cNanog. Finally, we demonstrate that the cultured PGCs will migrate to and colonise the forming gonad of host embryos. Male PGCs will colonise the female gonad and enter meiosis, but are lost from the gonad during sexual development. In male hosts, cultured PGCs form functional gametes as demonstrated by the generation of viable offspring. Conclusions The establishment of in vitro cultures of germline competent avian PGCs offers a unique system for the study of early germ cell differentiation and also a comparative system for mammalian germ cell development. Primary PGC lines will form the basis of an alternative technique for the preservation of avian germplasm and will be a valuable tool for transgenic technology, with both research and industrial applications.
Full-Duplex Systems Using Multireconfigurable Antennas

Full-duplex systems are expected to achieve 100% rate improvement over half-duplex systems if the self-interference signal can be significantly mitigated. In this paper, we propose the first full-duplex system utilizing multireconfigurable antenna (MRA) with ~90% rate improvement compared with half-duplex systems. MRA is a dynamically reconfigurable antenna structure that is capable of changing its properties according to certain input configurations. A comprehensive experimental analysis is conducted to characterize the system performance in typical indoor environments. The experiments are performed using a fabricated MRA that has 4096 configurable radiation patterns. The achieved MRA-based passive self-interference suppression is investigated, with detailed analysis for the MRA training overhead. In addition, a heuristic-based approach is proposed to reduce the MRA training overhead. The results show that at 1% training overhead, a total of 95 dB self-interference cancellation is achieved in typical indoor environments. The 95-dB self-interference cancellation is experimentally shown to be sufficient for 90% full-duplex rate improvement compared with half-duplex systems.
Research of Asynchronous Leader Election Algorithm on Hierarchy Ad Hoc Network

Leader election is a very important problem, not only in wired networks, but in mobile ad hoc networks as well. However, due to the node mobility and network performance, cluster leader node may be lost which will affect the communication severely. According to the features of poor mobility of low-level node, in this paper, we present a low-level asynchronous algorithm with the collision avoidance mechanism, and solved the problem above. And we designed experiments in application layer. The leader-elected time was got from those experiments and the result was compared with synchronous algorithm. This algorithm can be used in fire fighting, construction supervision and rescue work in which a hierarchy ad hoc network is required to dynamically established. By electing a new leader in case of previous leader loss, the algorithm can enhance the robustness of whole network.
Vocal Command Signal Segmentation and Phonemes Classification

In this paper we study a set of vocal command signals recorded in a noisy environment. We describe and use Fang's segmentation algorithm 6] to isolate near phonemes. A piecewise constant time-frequency spectrum for the near phonems is then computed using the smooth cosine4 orthonormal basis 3,7,8,13] deened over the segmented time axis. This paper proposes a criterion to distinguish phonemes using this smooth local spectrum.
Compositing photographs with virtual clothes for design

This paper presents a computer system for garment designers to realistically augment photographs of a person with virtual garment designs. We show that the accumulation of existing garment modelling and computer graphics techniques can be used to produce realistic images of clothes in the context of a real scene. Effects of natural light interactions and fabric properties are taken into consideration. The system consists of a 3D scanner a garment CAD extension, a garment simulation interface and a natural global illumination system. We describe how the components of the system are integrated and discuss a collaboration with a fashion designer who worked with the system.
Iterative joint source-channel decoding aided transmission of losslessly compressed video

Iterative source-channel decoding (ISCD) exploits the residual redundancy of the source by iteratively exchanging extrinsic information with the channel codecs to achieve robust transmission. In this treatise we propose a video codec suitable for lossless video compression and IS CD. At the encoder the spatio-temporal redundancy is partially removed at a low complexity by simply evaluating the frame difference (FD), which is then variable-length encoded (VLC). At the receiver we invoke a three-stage concatenated IS CD scheme for exploiting the residual redundancy of the FD. A Markov Random Field (MRF) model based soft-in-soft-out (SISO) module is proposed for exploiting the spatial correlations amongst the adjacent video pixels, using intra-frame coding. More explicitly, the VLC SISO decoder operates by exchanging soft information with both the MRF module and the soft channel decoder. The convergence of the three-stage iterative decoding process is examined using 3D extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts. Finally, we show that our system exhibits a substantial Eb/NO improvement of about 5.2 dB compared to the corresponding benchmarker schemes.
A rotor-separated dynamic modeling method for flexible manipulators based on FS-SEA

A rotor-separated dynamic modelling method is proposed based on the dynamics of spatial operator algebra in this paper, for n-DoF serial flexible-joint manipulators with harmonic reducers and with FS-SEAs (force sourced series elastic actuators) as flexible mechanisms. The completed dynamic model comprises the flexible joint dynamics and the whole arm dynamics. Inverse dynamics and forward dynamics of the two parts are researched respectively, through which the complete rotor-separated dynamic model is finally derived. The modelling method proposed in this paper is verified by simulations. And the simulation results demonstrate the significant advantages of the proposed method.
Minimum energy multicast in static Wireless Ad Hoc Networks using swarm intelligence

Energy is a scarce resource in WANETs (Wireless Ad Hoc Networks) since the nodes are powered by non-renewable batteries. Traditional multicast routing protocols are not energy aware and thus do not take energy conservation into consideration. One approach for energy conservation is to send the messages of a communication session along the routes which minimizes the total sum of the transmitter powers. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is swarm intelligence based method widely used for network routing. The main objective of this paper is to minimize the energy in multicast routing using the ant colony approach. The experimental results are very promising and show that the proposed algorithm is capable of finding minimum energy routes for most of the problems considered which are comparable to the state-of-art algorithms.
Information Visualization in Co-located Collaborative Environments

It is common for small groups to gather around visual displays of information. Imagine a team of practitioners examining a medical record or a team of executives looking at charts showing latest sales trends. My PhD research aims at supporting such collaborative work around visual displays of information. It informs the design of software to support this work and furthers our understanding of how people work together over information displays.
Semisupervised Hyperspectral Image Classification with SVM and PSO

This paper proposes a novel semi supervised approach to classify hyperspectral image. This method can overcome the limited training samples problem. It combines support vector machine (SVM) and particle swarm optimization(PSO). The new approach exploits the wealth of unlabeled samples for improving the classification accuracy. The method can inflate the original training samples by estimating the labels of the unlabeled samples. The label estimation process is performed by the designed PSO. The effectiveness of the proposed system is carried on a real hyperspectral data set. The experimental results indicate that the classification performance generated by the proposed algorithm is generally competitive.
Cooperative Area Coverage

The area coverage problem is an ideal candidate for multirobot systems since it is inherently parallelizable. In a naive implementation, a team of N robots should be able to cover an area A roughly N times faster if the area to be covered can be easily decomposed into sub-areas of size A/N . One often-overlooked issue in the context of area coverage planning is the uncertainty of the sensor platform. In some cases this can be neglected, but in many cases it can not. In the case that platform uncertainty is significant, if the agents can communicate and make relative measurements of each other, then they can improve their respective trajectory estimates. This results is further potential benefits for the multi-robot approach to area coverage. This work propose a framework for cooperative area coverage within a multi-robot system that is: 1) robust to robot platform uncertainty, 2) applicable to severely unreliable and bandwidth constrained communication links. The result is the first known work that considers robotic area coverage planning, cooperative state estimation, and communication through a possibly constrained channel as one coupled and fully integrated system, as shown in Fig. 1.