Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular basis of selective atrial fibrosis due to overexpression of transforming growth factor-β1.

AIMS Animal studies show that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is an important mediator of atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation (AF). This study investigated the role of TGF-β1 in human AF and the mechanism of atrial-selective fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Atrial specimens from 17 open heart surgery patients and left atrial and ventricular specimens from 17 explanted hearts were collected to assess the relationship between TGF-β1, AF, and differential atrial vs. ventricular TGF-β1 levels. A transgenic mouse model overexpressing active TGF-β1 was used to study the mechanisms underlying the resultant atrial-selective fibrosis. Higher right atrial total TGF-β1 levels (2.58 ± 0.16-fold, P < 0.0001) and active TGF-β1 (3.7 ± 0.7-fold, P = 0.013) were observed in those that developed post-operative AF. Although no ventricular differences were observed, 11 explanted heart failure hearts exhibited higher atrial TGF-β1 levels than 6 non-failing hearts (2.30 ± 0.87 fold higher, P < 0.001). In the transgenic mouse, TGF-β1 receptor-1 kinase blockade resulted in decreased atrial expression of fibrosis-related genes. By RNA microarray analyses in that model, 80 genes in the atria and only 2 genes in the ventricle were differentially expressed. Although these mice atria, but not the ventricles, exhibited increased expression of fibrosis-related genes and phosphorylation of Smad2, there were no differences in TGF-β1 receptor levels or Smads in the atria compared with the ventricles. CONCLUSIONS TGF-β1 mediates selective atrial fibrosis in AF that occurs via TGF-β Receptor 1/2 and the classical Smad pathway. The differential atrial vs. ventricular fibrotic response occurs at the level of TGF-β1 receptor binding or phosphorylation.
Prediction Model of Stock Prices Based on Correlative Analysis and Neural Networks

There is a low forecasting accuracy when we forecast the price date by the traditional BP network only considering a single closing price as the time series vector. But, if we try to add other factors vector to the BP network input vector, we will find there are low training accuracy caused by the a large number of factors . In order to solve the issues raised above ,the author sets up a two-step Forecast approach with the combination between SOFM network and BP network. First, we uses the Gray Correlation Analysis to choose the set of variable which can describe the characteristics of the state of the stock market from a number of technical indicators. Then we can classify the state of stock market by the SOFM network which has the capacity of self-organizing classification. And base on the classification, we use BP network to accurately predict . The results of experiment showed that the predictive accuracy of SOFM-BP model is more improved than that of traditional BP neural network model. And it is feasible and effective to forecast China’s stock market by SOFM-BP model, which has a prospective future
Mathematical Foundation and Corrections for Full Range Head Pose Estimation

Numerous works concerning head pose estimation (HPE) offer algorithms or proposed neural network-based approaches for extracting Euler angles from either facial key points or directly from images of the head region. However, many works failed to provide clear definitions of the coordinate systems and Euler or Tait-Bryan angles orders in use. It is a well-known fact that rotation matrices depend on coordinate systems, and yaw, roll, and pitch angles are sensitive to their application order. Without precise definitions, it becomes challenging to validate the correctness of the output head pose and drawing routines employed in prior works. In this paper, we thoroughly examined the Euler angles defined in the 300W-LP dataset, head pose estimation such as 3DDFA-v2, 6D-RepNet, WHENet, etc, and the validity of their drawing routines of the Euler angles. When necessary, we infer their coordinate system and sequence of yaw, roll, pitch from provided code. This paper presents (1) code and algorithms for inferring coordinate system from provided source code, code for Euler angle application order and extracting precise rotation matrices and the Euler angles, (2) code and algorithms for converting poses from one rotation system to another, (3) novel formulae for 2D augmentations of the rotation matrices, and (4) derivations and code for the correct drawing routines for rotation matrices and poses. This paper also addresses the feasibility of defining rotations with right-handed coordinate system in Wikipedia and SciPy, which makes the Euler angle extraction much easier for full-range head pose research.
Community Extracting Using Intersection Graph and Content Analysis in Complex Network

Many researchers have studied complex networks such as the World Wide Web, social networks, and the protein interaction network. They have found scale-free characteristics, the small-world effect, the property of high-clustering coefficient, and so on. One hot topic in this area is community detection. For example, the community shows a set of web pages about a certain topic in the WWW. The community structure is unquestionably a key characteristic of complex networks. In this paper, we propose a new method for finding communities in complex networks. Our proposed method considers the overlaps between communities using the concept of the intersection graph. Additionally, we address the problem of edge in homogeneity by weighting edges using the degree of overlaps and the similarity of content information between sets. Finally, we conduct clustering based on modularity. And then, we evaluate our method on a real SNS network.
Dialogue Macrogame Theory

This paper introduces Dialogue Macrogame Theory, a method for describing the organization of certain kinds of dialogues. Dialogue Macrogame Theory (DMT) is a successor to a theory sometimes called Dialogue Game Theory, developed in the 1970s and 1980s at USC-Information Sciences Institute (ISI). DMT is able to describe substantially more dialogues than its predecessor, and it identifies kinds of mechanisms not included in the predecessor. DMT is a step toward accounting for the coherence of entire dialogues.The major structures in DMT are based on intentions which are imputed to dialogue participants. The focus of this paper is on mechanisms. Dialogue Macrogames are defined. Another class of mechanisms, called Unilaterals, is also described.A DMT analysis is presented. The analyzed dialogue is an excerpt (41 turns) of actual dialogue from the Apollo 13 mission, from the emergency period after the explosion.DMT is then related to another dialogue analysis method (Carletta, Isard et al. 1997). DMT is an exercised framework, meaning that it has been applied to dialogues from a diversity of situations. These include various emergency communications, tutoring, administrative interactions, online human computer help, medical interviews, laboratory conversational tasks, courtroom questioning of witnesses and hostage negotiation. The paper reports work in progress, and also indicates likely courses of further development.
Transitions into Higher Education: Gendered implications for academic self-concept

This paper focuses on the impact of the transition into higher education upon facets of students' academic self-concept. Drawing upon data collected from undergraduate students at three universities in the north of England it considers the question: does moving from a relatively small pond (sixth form or college) where many students are likely to feel like fairly 'big fish', to a larger pond (university) where most students are likely to feel like much 'smaller fish', affect academic self-concepts? Results suggest that self-concept changes are gender-specific. Overall, female students displayed a significant decline in academic self-concepts in some domains over the transition into higher education, whilst the self-concept levels of the men did not change significantly. A number of possibilities are explored to explain the gendered nature of this finding.
Power-constrained bandwidth optimization in cascaded open-loop amplifiers

For very high frequency applications feedback is not a suitable technique to be employed. In order to achieve high gain and large bandwidth, several open-loop stages are cascaded. In this paper we show that it is possible to improve the bandwidth of a cascaded amplifier, given constraints on input resistance, load capacitance and total bias current, by tapering the size of each amplifier stage. The technique is suitable for both MOS and BJT technologies, with or without the use of voltage followers to drive the load. A Matlab model, which can take into account also parasitic effects, has been derived and its accuracy has been verified. The model enables the designer to quickly optimize sizing in order to maximize bandwidth.
Applications of Preferences using Answer Set Programming

Preferences are useful when the space of feasible solutions of a given problem is dense but not all these feasible solutions are equivalent w.r. t. some additional requirements. In this case, the goal is to find feasible solutions that most satisfy these additional requirements. In order to represent preferences, in this paper we use an extension of ordered disjunction programs. Ordered disjunction is an approach based on answer sets that allows us to represent alternative, ranked options for a problem. Moreover, we give a brief overview of two real applications of extended ordered programs in two different domains. The first one is in planning: evacuation planning. The second one is in argumentation: organ transplantation. In particular, we show the role of negated negative literals in extended ordered programs to obtain the preferred solution of each application.
Enantiomeric resolution of 2‐arylpropionic acid nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs by capillary electrophoresis: Methods and applications

The 2‐arylpropionic acids (2‐APAs) are an important group of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. These agents, the majority of which are available as racemates, exhibit stereoselectivity in both their action and disposition. Developments in stereoselective separation science methodology, mainly chromatographic, have facilitated an evaluation of the pharmacological properties of the individual enantiomers of these drugs and contributed to our understanding of both their mode(s) of action and disposition. While a number of electrophoretic techniques, including capillary electrophoresis, capillary electrochromatography and isotachophoresis, have been applied to the stereoselective resolution and stereospecific analysis of these agents using a variety of chiral selectors, e.g., cyclodextrins, oligosaccharides, macrocyclic antibiotics, and proteins, the number of published applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis remains relatively limited. However, the utility of electrophoretic techniques for stereospecific analysis may be illustrated using the 2‐APAs as typical examples of chiral acidic pharmaceuticals. Applications include: determination of enantiomeric composition following biosynthetic stereoselective hydrolysis; examination of both achiral and chiral impurity profiles in bulk drugs and formulated products; determination of enantiomeric impurities in both bulk drugs and formulated products; examination of configurational stability following stress testing of formulated products; determination of enantiomeric composition and metabolite profile in biological fluids following administration of the racemates and individual enantiomers. It may be anticipated that future exploitation of electrophoretic approaches to the stereospecific analysis of these agents will result in further contributions to our understanding of their stereoselective biological properties and therapeutic use.
The Differential Effects of Forms and Settings of Exposure to Violence on Adolescents’ Adjustment

This study investigated the link between exposure to violence and psychosocial adjustment for 442 Chinese secondary school students in Form 1-3. The students completed an inventory assessing exposure to violence through witnessing and through direct victimization in different settings (community, school, and home). Multiple measures and informants (i.e., self-report, teacher report, and school report) were used to assess emotional, behavioral, and cognitive functioning in adolescents. The results of this study showed that overall exposure to violence was related to emotional and behavior problems. High rates of exposure to violence across multiple contexts were found in this sample. After controlling for the co-occurrence of risk factors (e.g., exposure to violence in other settings), both witnessing school violence and being victimized by domestic violence were associated with emotional problems, whereas being victimized by community violence was related to behavior problems. These results suggest that there are differential effects of risks associated with different forms and settings of exposure.
Diabetes mellitus in Egypt: glycaemic control and microvascular and neuropathic complications

We performed a cross‐sectional, population‐based survey of persons 20 years of age and older living in Cairo and surrounding rural villages. The purpose was to describe glycaemic control and the prevalence of microvascular and neuropathic complications among Egyptians with diagnosed diabetes, previously undiagnosed diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and normal glucose tolerance. A total of 6052 households were surveyed. The response rate was 76 % for the household survey and 72 % for the medical examination. Among people with previously diagnosed diabetes, mean haemoglobin A1c was 9.0 %. Forty‐two per cent had retinopathy, 21 % albuminuria, and 22 % neuropathy. Legal blindness was prevalent (5 %) but clinical nephropathy (7 %) and foot ulcers (1 %) were uncommon in persons with diagnosed diabetes. Among people with diagnosed diabetes, microvascular and neuropathic complications were associated with hyperglycaemia. Retinopathy was also associated with duration of diabetes; albuminuria with hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia; and neuropathy with age, female sex, and hypercholesterolaemia. Albuminuria was as common in people with previously undiagnosed diabetes (22 %) as those with diagnosed disease (21 %). Mean haemoglobin A1c was lower (7.8 %) and retinopathy (16 %) and neuropathy (14 %) were less prevalent in people with previously undiagnosed disease. Ocular conditions, blindness, and neuropathy were prevalent in the non‐diabetic population. The microvascular and neuropathic complications of diabetes are a major clinical and public health problem in Egypt. Copyright © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Value Functions , Optimization , and Performance Evaluation in Stochastic Network Models ∗

This paper concerns control and performance evaluation for stochastic network models. Structural properties of value functions are developed for controlled Brownian motion (CBM) and deterministic (fluid) workload-models, leading to the following conclusions: Outside of a null-set of network parameters, (i) The fluid value-function is continuously differentiable. Under further minor conditions, the fluid value-function satisfies the derivative boundary conditions that are required to ensure it is in the domain of the extended generator for the CBM model. Exponential ergodicity of the CBM model is demonstrated as one consequence. (ii) The fluid value-function provides a shadow function for use in simulation variance reduction for the stochastic model. The resulting simulator satisfies an exact large deviation principle, while a standard simulation algorithm does not satisfy any such bound. (iii) The fluid value-function provides upper and lower bounds on performance for the CBM model. This follows from an extension of recent linear programming approaches to performance evaluation.
Pushing the Limits of Ground-based Photometric Precision: Submillimagnitude Time-Series Photometry of the Open Cluster NGC 6791

We present the results from a three-night, time-series study of the open cluster NGC 6791 using the Megacam wide-field mosaic CCD camera on the 6.5 m MMT telescope. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the ability to obtain very high precision photometry for a large number of stars. We achieved better than 1% precision for more than 8000 stars with 14.3 < R < 20.1 and submillimagnitude (as low as 0.36 mmag) precision for over 300 stars with 14.6 < R < 16.3 in the field of this cluster. We also discovered 10 new variable stars, including a possible δ Scuti variable with an amplitude of 2%, eight likely W UMa contact binaries, and a possible RS CVn star, and we identified seven suspected low-amplitude variables, including one star with an amplitude of 4 mmag. We comment on the implications of this study for a ground-based survey for transiting planets as small as Neptune.
CHARACTERISTICS OF GUIDED-WAVE ELECTROMAGNETIC BANDGAP STRUCTURE

1. Abstract The performances of the periodic surface structures (PSS) of different geometric shapes on the ground plane are studied. Simulated results with full wave electromagnetic analyses are in good agreement with those experimental data. The optimal structure of PSS bringing about the perturbation electromagnetic waves and power loss will be determined. The proposed wideband PBG microstrip line has defect tapered ground surface with the characteristics of lowpass, bandstop and leaky wave characteristics, respectively.
The Quality Turn

In December 1972 a group of scholars engaged in educational evaluation and curriculum reform assembled, in what was later to be called the Cambridge conference, to challenge what they viewed as the then “traditional style of evaluation” (MacDonald & Parlett 1973:74). Their aim was to develop guidelines for the future of educational evaluation, and to challenge the traditional evaluation style. In the present policy context, it is instructive to revisit the manifesto that summarised this conference MacDonald & Parlett 1973) to see what these scholars wanted to challenge, what they viewed as problematic and what they wanted to promote.
MPC-CBF with Adaptive Safety Margins for Safety-critical Teleoperation over Imperfect Network Connections

The paper focuses on the design of a control strategy for safety-critical remote teleoperation. The main goal is to make the controlled system track the desired velocity specified by an operator while avoiding obstacles despite communication delays. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are used to define the safety constraints that the system has to respect to avoid obstacles, while Model Predictive Control (MPC) provides the framework for adjusting the desired input, taking the constraints into account. The resulting input is sent to the remote system, where appropriate low-level velocity controllers translate it into system-specific commands. The main novelty of the paper is a method to make the CBFs robust against the uncertainties caused by the network delays affecting the system's state and do so in a less conservative manner. The results show how the proposed method successfully solves the safety-critical teleoperation problem, making the controlled systems avoid obstacles with different types of network delay. The controller has also been tested in simulation and on a real manipulator, demonstrating its general applicability when reliable low-level velocity controllers are available.
ChatGPT Role-play Dataset: Analysis of User Motives and Model Naturalness

Recent advances in interactive large language models like ChatGPT have revolutionized various domains; however, their behavior in natural and role-play conversation settings remains underexplored. In our study, we address this gap by deeply investigating how ChatGPT behaves during conversations in different settings by analyzing its interactions in both a normal way and a role-play setting. We introduce a novel dataset of broad range of human-AI conversations annotated with user motives and model naturalness to examine (i) how humans engage with the conversational AI model, and (ii) how natural are AI model responses. Our study highlights the diversity of user motives when interacting with ChatGPT and variable AI naturalness, showing not only the nuanced dynamics of natural conversations between humans and AI, but also providing new avenues for improving the effectiveness of human-AI communication.
Development of global vision system for biological automatic micro-manipulation system

An automatic micro manipulation system, which aims at various kinds of operations in the field of bio-engineering has been developed. Visual servo control is usually employed to improve the performance of the system. However, the great amount of computation that is required in image processing hinders the formation of a closed-loop control system with visual servo. In this paper, efforts are made to improve the performance of the vision system in two aspects: algorithm design and hardware implementation. Methods of correlation based pattern matching and morphological operation based image processing technique are used to implement the fast visual information abstraction, thus forming a real-time visual servo control system. The system performance and the result of an experiment on gene injection are given.
Circuit valorization in the IC design ecosystem

Staying at the forefront of research, or in the top tier product market requires circuit innovation as a key differentiation. We are entering an era where more than Moore is becoming increasingly evident, not only because of the physical limitations of the technology but because of market diversity beyond PCs and servers. More than ever, application diversity marks the pace to differentiate by design not only by technology. In this paper we give insights on how circuit innovation continues to be key to making advancements in High Performance Mixed Signal systems.
A New Dividend Forecasting Procedure That Rejects Bubbles in Asset Prices: The Case of 1929's Stock Crash

We develop a new procedure to forecast future cash flows from a financial asset and then use the present value of our cash flow forecasts to calculate the asset's fundamental price. As an example, we construct a nonlinear ARMA-ARCH-Artificial Neural Network Model to obtain out-of-sample dividend forecasts for 1920 and beyond, using only in-sample dividend data. The present value of our forecasted dividends yield fundamental prices that reproduce the magnitude, timing, and time-series behavior of the boom and crash in 1929 stock prices. We therefore reject the popular claim that the 1920s stock market contained a bubble. Article published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Financial Studies in its journal, The Review of Financial Studies.
Technical Feasibility of Teleassessments for Rehabilitation

Background: technical feasibility was evaluated for conducting standard motor assessment instruments in a remote setting. Remote assessment was compared to co-located assessment for five clinical evaluation instruments: joint range-of-motion (ROM), manual muscle test (MMT), Berg sit-to-stand, Berg forward reach, and timed up and go (TUG). Methods: co-located and remote rooms were in the same building connected by broadband video and audio. Ten subjects without impairments participated, but were given simulated impairments to mimic the patient population commonly seen in rehabilitation clinics. One therapist performed all co-located testing while another performed all remote assessments. Measurements followed standard clinical methods. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-tests. Results: no differences were found between co-located and remote assessments except for some cases using screen-based ROM measures. Remote ROM tests using snapshots and a virtual goniometer were preferred. A digital dynamometer added no additional information to a visually-based remote MMT assessment