Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Activation of Calcium‐Phospholipid‐Dependent Protein Kinase Enhances Benzodiazepine and Barbiturate Potentiation of the GABAA Receptor

Abstract: The effect of calcium‐phospholipid‐dependent protein kinase (PKC) on GABAA receptor function was examined in Xenopus oocytes expressing recombinant human GABAA receptor using two‐electrode voltage‐clamp measurements. Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA), a potent activator of PKC, inhibited GABA‐gated chloride currents by ∼72% in oocytes expressing αlβ1γ2L subunit cDNAs. Phorbol 12‐monomyristate (PMM), a negative control analogue of PMA, did not alter GABAA receptor responses. To investigate whether activation of PKC could alter the modulatory responses of the receptor complex, the effect of PMA on benzodiazepine and barbiturate potentiation of GABA responses was assessed. In oocytes expressing αlβ1γ2s subunit cDNAs, diazepam (300 nM) potentiated GABA responses by ∼160%. Following PMA (5‐25 nM/) treatment, diazepam potentiation was significantly increased to 333%. No effect of the inactive phorbol ester PMM (25 nM) was observed on diazepam potentiation of GABA responses. PMA enhancement of diazepam potentiation of GABA responses was also observed in oocytes expressing αlβ1γ2Ssubunit cDNAs, indicating that the unique PKC site present in the Tγ2LL subunit is not required for observing the PMA effect. PMA (5‐25 nM) also enhanced pentobarbital potentiation of GABA responses. In oocytes expressing αlβ1γ2L subunit cDNAs, pentobarbital (25 μM) potentiated GABA receptor responses by ∼97%. Following treatment with PMA (5‐25 nM), pentobarbital potentiation of GABA responses increased to ∼ 156%. The present results suggest that protein phosphorylation may alter the coupling between the allosteric modulatory sites within the GABAA receptor complex.
Attributed graph visualization of collaborative workspaces

Collaborative workspaces are becoming increasingly commonplace, particularly in large, distributed organizations where virtual teams formed in order to jointly carry out collaborative project work. Typical collaborative workspaces often have a large number of objects and relations as well as their associated domain-specific attributes. The visualization of these domain-specific attributes is the challenge of this research. This paper presents a new approach for visualizing the attributes of objects and relations in collaborative workspaces. This new visualization provides not only a structural view of the collaborative workspaces but also a graphical view of a variety of domain-specific attributes associated with collaborative objects and relations. This paper also describes a framework for the attributed visualization of collaborative workspaces.
High-speed highway scene prediction based on driver models learned from demonstrations

One of the key factors to ensure the safe operation of autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles in dynamic environments is the ability to accurately predict the motion of the dynamic obstacles in the scene. In this work, we show how to use a realistic driver model learned from demonstrations via Inverse Reinforcement Learning to predict the long-term evolution of highway traffic scenes. We model each traffic participant as a Markov Decision Process in which the cost function is a linear combination of static and dynamic features. In particular, the static features capture the preferences of the driver while the dynamic features, which change over time depending on the actions of the other traffic participants, capture the driver's risk-aversive behavior. Using such a model for prediction enables us to explicitly consider the interactions between traffic participants while keeping the computational complexity quadratic in the number of vehicles in the scene. Preliminary experiments in simulated and real scenarios show the capability of our approach to produce reliable, human-like scene predictions.
The GLRT for statistical process control of autocorrelated processes

This paper presents an on-line Statistical Process Control (SPC) technique, based on a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT), for detecting and estimating mean shifts in autocorrelated processes that follow a normally distributed Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The GLRT is applied to the uncorrelated residuals of the appropriate time-series model. The performance of the GLRT is compared to two other commonly applied residual-based tests – a Shewhart individuals chart and a CUSUM test. A wide range of ARIMA models are considered, with the conclusion that the best residual-based test to use depends on the particular ARIMA model used to describe the autocorrelation. For many models, the GLRT performance is far superior to either a CUSUM or Shewhart test, while for others the difference is negligible or the CUSUM test performs slightly better. Simple, intuitive guidelines are provided for determining which residual-based test to use. Additional advantages of the GLRT are that it directly provides estimates of the magnitude and time of occurrence of the mean shift, and can be used to distinguish different types of faults, e.g., a sustained mean shift versus a temporary spike.
a-Linolenic Acid and Risk of Prostate Cancer : A Case-Control Study in Uruguay 1

In the time period of 1994–1998, a case-control study on diet and prostate cancer was carried out in Uruguay to examine the risk associated with fat intake. Two hundred and seventeen (217) incident cases afflicted with advanced prostate cancer were frequency-matched with 431 controls on age, residence, and urban/rural status. The analysis was carried out using unconditional multiple logistic regression.a-Linolenic acid was associated with a strong positive association (fourth quartile of intake odds ratio, 3.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.50–10.1) after controlling for total calorie intake and for the other types of fat. The effect was similar whena-linolenic acid was analyzed by its sources of origin (odds ratio for vegetable linolenic acid, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–4.07). Including this report, five of six studies that have examined the relationship betweena-linolenic acid and prostate cancer yielded a positive association, which was significant in four studies. Thus, there appears to be evidence of a role ofa-linolenic acid in prostate carcinogenesis.
The Surveillance Consensus

This article is inspired by Haggerty and Ericson's notion of the `surveillant assemblage', which draws on philosophical concepts of Deleuze and Guattari in order to analyse the dynamics of contemporary increasingly extensive and intensifying surveillance. The surveillant assemblage has a twofold character. On the one hand it aims to increase visibility and on the other hand it works invisibly, `beyond our normal range of perception'. The surveillant assemblage offers a surveillance consensus. To disentangle this consensus this article focuses particularly on CCTV as a technology that is still visible. We analyse three aspects of the surveillance consensus, namely, correlating with the aesthetical concept of consensus, what we call (after Luhmann) (1) the illusion of total inclusion, which is hardened by (2) media arrangements and eventually by (3) regulation. We will refer to these three aspects empirically along with examples from the development of CCTV in the UK, France and Germany.
Exploring the links between Van Hiele Levels and 3-dimensional geometry

Cette communication presente quelques hypotheses a propos de l’utilisation du modele de pensee de Van Hiele comme cadre structural pour la comprehension des processus d’apprentissage en geometrie a trios dimensions. Dans ce domaine, il est specialement important de bien faire la difference entre les processus concernant la visualisation spatiale et ceux qui sont relies aux solides et a leurs proprietes. Ce sont deux themes en interaction, mais differents, chacun ayant ses propres caracteristiques. Par consequent, deux champs differents de recherche peuvent eter pris en consideration (quoique les deux soient etroitement relies): 1) l’utilisation du modele de Van Hiele pour comprendre et organiser l’acquisition des habiletes de visualisation spatiale et 2) l’utilisation du modele de Van Hiele pour comprendre et organiser l’apprentissage de la geometric a trios dimensions. Cette communication traite du premier de ces deux domaines, en presentant des resultats d’une experimentation exploratoire ayant pour objectif dameliorer les habiletes de visualisation spatiale chez des eleves de sixieme annee. Les descripteurs des niveaux de Van Hiele, dans ce contexte, sont bases sur les comportements et les reponses des eleves.
Mediated Moralities: Sociocultural Approaches to Moral Development

The purpose of this chapter is to present a sociocultural perspective on the study of moral development, and to review theoretical and empirical work on moral development that has been conducted under the rubric of this perspective. This perspective has emerged over the course of the last decade or so, in response to a variety of challenges to prevailing theories of moral development—in particular, challenges to Kohlberg’s (1963, 1969, 1976, 1981, 1984) stage theory of the development of justice reasoning. There is no doubt that researchers and practitioners interested in understanding the vicissitudes of human moral experience owe a singular debt to Kohlberg for bringing the study of moral development into the mainstream of developmental and educational psychology, and his theory is arguably still the best-known theory of moral development. Yet the past 25 years have witnessed a growing awareness of the metatheoretical, theoretical, and methodological limitations of Kohlberg’s cognitive–developmental attempt to formally reconstruct the ontogenesis of competence in moral judgment making, via a sequence of six structurally defined, cross-culturally universal stages of justice reasoning. Among the many and varied critiques of, and challenges to, Kohlberg’s project (see, for example, Coles, 1986; Cortese, 1990; Flanagan, 1991; Packer, 1985, 1992; Shweder, 1982; Sullivan, 1977; Turiel, 1983, 2002), the most significant have come from those who have argued that Kohlberg’s approach does not sufficiently acknowledge the multidimensional and multivocal nature of the moral domain. In this regard Gilligan’s (1977, 1982) critique that classical theories of moral development—Freud’s (1923/1960), Piaget’s (1932/1965), and, most importantly, Kohlberg’s—are flawed because they systematically excluded girls’ and women’s experience from foundational theory-building research studies is most widely known. Gilligan claimed that, for some people, an orientation other than the “justice
Sharing, supporting and sobriety: a qualitative analysis of messages posted to alcohol-related online discussion forums in the United Kingdom

Background: In recent years there has been an exponential growth in the number of people accessing online discussion forums for information, advice and support in relation to a range of both acute and chronic health issues. However, there has been little attention given to exploring the role of alcohol-related forums in the United Kingdom. Methods: A total of 758 messages, retrieved from three public UK-based alcohol discussion forums were qualitatively analysed using thematic analysis. Results: An insight into the online experience of members was captured through three inter-related themes. The first theme “sharing” describes the process of disclosure and aspects of problem drinking, which were discussed by members. Second, the theme “supporting” identifies the ways through which members of the group engaged in mutually supportive communication. Thirdly, “sobriety” describes the collective goal for forum members and describes the challenges of achieving and maintaining this state. Conclusions: Participation in alcohol-related online discussion forums may confer some practical and emotional benefit for those living with alcohol-related problems. Future research is required to fully explore the nature and impact of peer support for this specific problem behaviour.
DO BLURRED FACES MAGNIFY PRIMING EFFECTS? THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF PERCEPTUAL FLUENCY AND PRIMING ON IMPRESSION FORMATION

How do subtle subliminal cues such as perceptual fluency (e.g., the visual clarity of a face) and priming influence the way we form impressions of people? In this experiment, participants (N = 114) received an affective priming manipulation, and then viewed sharp (perceptually fluent) or slightly blurred (disfluent) photographs of target individuals. Impressions were assessed on a trait checking task, a trait rating task, and open-ended descriptions, and processing latency was also measured. Results indicated that both positive primes and greater fluency increased the positivity of impressions. In an interesting pattern, priming effects were greater for perceptually disfluent (blurred) faces, consistent with disfluent images also triggering more elaborate, constructive, and longer processing. These results are discussed in terms of the important and so far little understood interactive role of priming and fluency cues in impression formation judgments in everyday life.
A new method of noninvasive brain-edema monitoring in stroke: cerebral electrical impedance measurement

Abstract Objective: To explore the primary regularity of cerebral electrical impedance (CEI) change in healthy people, patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and patients with cerebral infarction (CI). Methods: CEI of 200 healthy volunteers, 78 patients with ICH and 51 patients with CI were measured by noninvasive brain-edema monitor. The results of perturbative index (PI) converted from CEI were compared with the volumes of infarction, hematoma and surrounding edema, which were calculated by image analysing system according to MRI or CT scan. Results: (1) In the normal groups, PI in the left and right sides of cerebral hemispheres was respectively 7.98 ± 0.95 and 8.02 ± 0.71, and there was no significant difference between the two sides (p>0.05). (2) In the patients with ICH, PI of the hematoma side initially was lower than the other side, but then increased and finally exceeded that of the other side. The average transitional time was 19.67 ± 11.52 hours. Perturbative index of the hematoma side after the transitional time was much higher than before the transitional time in the same patients (7.79 ± 0.75 versus 7.09 ± 0.72) (p<0.001). The volumes of peri-hematoma edema were also significantly larger after the transitional time than before (24.32 ± 12.86 versus 13.33 ± 6.12) (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the PI of hematoma side and the volumes of peri-hematoma edema (p<0.01). (3) In the patients with arterothrombotic cerebral infarction, PI in the infarct side was higher than that in the opposite side 3–5 days after onset (8.93 ± 1.89 versus 8.58 ± 1.61) (p<0.001), and PI of the infarct side had a positive correlation with the volume of infarction (p<0.001). (4) The sensitivity of PI was high when the volumes of lesions were >20 ml or the position of them were located in the basal ganglia, but was low when the volumes were <20 ml or the position near the midline. Conclusion: CEI may be a useful parameter for noninvasively monitoring the change of brain edema and hematoma in stroke at bedside. It could be a good complement to CT and MRI.
Distributed compressed sensing for sensor networks with packet erasures

We study two approaches to distributed compressed sensing for in-network data compression and signal reconstruction at a sink. Communication to the sink is considered to be bandwidth-constrained due to the large number of devices. By using distributed compressed sensing for compression of the data in the network, the communication cost (bandwidth usage) to the sink can be decreased at the expense of delay induced by the local communication. We investigate the relation between cost and delay given a certain reconstruction performance requirement when using basis pursuit denoising for reconstruction. Moreover, we analyze and compare the performance degradation due to erased packets sent to the sink.
Cortical connections of the middle temporal visual area (MT) and the superior temporal cortex in owl monkeys

The connections of the middle temporal visual area (MT) and an adjoining superior temporal visual region (ST) were investigated with injections of 3H‐proline and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in adult owl monkeys. Injections in MT revealed an extensive pattern of intrinsic connections that appeared to be organized in a series of bands across MT. MT was found to project ipsilaterally to an array of visual areas including the first (V I) and second (V II) visual areas, the dorsolateral visual area (DL), and the dorsomedial visual area (DM). When injection sites and projection zones were related to previously described retinotopic maps, it was apparent that the projections of MT to these fields were largely homotopic. Other projections were to posterior parietal cortex, the dorsointermediate visual area (DI), the ventral visual area (V), and possibly the medial visual area (M). In addition, dense projections to cortex on the rostral border of MT were used to define a new subdivision of visual cortex, the superior temporal visual region (ST), as the major projection zone of MT. Callosal connections of MT were mainly to MT, with some terminations in DL and ST.
Carbon copy metaphor: combining absolute and relative coordinates inputs for trackpad

This paper proposes a novel input technique involving seamless switching between relative and absolute coordinate modes based on a "carbon copy" metaphor for trackpads. In the method, a small workspace ("carbon copy area") that corresponds in a one-to-one manner to a trackpad surface is displayed on a computer screen. While working on this virtual carbon copy paper, a user can operate in absolute coordinates; outside the paper, relative coordinates are used to move it anywhere and resize it. Therefore, our technique allows for the appropriate use of relative and absolute coordinate modes with arbitrary timing. This paper discusses the design of the technique, implementation of prototype applications, and a user study in which the technique received positive feedback and was shown to achieve a significantly higher input speed than that of a conventional pointing method.
Deep Very Large Telescope V-Band Imaging of the Field of a z = 10 Candidate Galaxy: Below the Lyman Limit?

We present a deep 16.8 ks V-band image of the field of a candidate z = 10 galaxy magnified by the foreground (z = 0.25) cluster A1835. The image was obtained with FORS1 on VLT-Kueyen to test whether the V band lies below the Lyman limit for this very high redshift candidate. A detection would unambiguously rule out that the source is at z = 10. The 3 σ detection limit of the image in the area of the z = 10 candidate is VAB = 28.0 mag in a 2'' diameter aperture (about 3 times the seeing FWHM of 0.″7). No source at the position of the candidate galaxy is detected down to this limit. Formally, this is consistent with the V-band probing below the Lyman limit in the rest frame of a z = 10 source. However, given the recent nondetection of the object in a deep H-band exposure with NIRI on Gemini North down to HAB = 26.0 mag (3 σ in a 1.″4 aperture) and concerns about the detection of the reported associated emission line, it may be possible that this source is spurious. We discuss several astrophysical possibilities to explain the puzzling nature of this source and find none of them compelling.
How moderates and extremists find happiness: Ideological orientation, citizen–government proximity, and life satisfaction

While the topic of life satisfaction and its determinants has drawn increasing attention among political scientists, most studies have focused mainly on macro-level variables, and often overlooked the role of individuals’ attitudes vis-à-vis their governments. The present article attempts to fill this gap by examining whether citizens’ left–right self-placement and ideological distance from their governments exert an independent effect on life satisfaction. Utilizing a dataset spanning a quarter century and containing nearly 70,000 respondents, we demonstrate a curvilinear relationship between ideological orientations and happiness, with self-identified radicals on both ends of the spectrum happier than moderate citizens. Moreover, we show that while propinquity between self-position and government position contributes to happiness, this effect is highly mediated by individual locations along the left–right spectrum: centrists report higher levels of happiness the closer they are to their government, while the opposite is true for radicals. The normative implication of our findings is that moderate governments may present a comparative advantage in enhancing the overall level of happiness of their citizens.
Measure of Men's Perceived Inexpressiveness Norms (M2PIN): Scale Development and Psychometric Properties

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Measure of Men’s Perceived Inexpressiveness Norms (M2PIN), a brief measure of men’s perceptions of social norms concerning emotional inexpressiveness. Participants were 410 men, the majority of whom were White American college students. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided support for a 2-factor structure corresponding to 2 subscales—M2PIN-Descriptive (assessing perceived descriptive norms) and M2PIN-Injunctive (assessing perceived injunctive norms). Using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Intention to Seek Counseling Inventory (ISCI; Psychological and Interpersonal Concerns subscale), the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLALS), the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory-46 (CMNI-46; Emotional Control subscale), the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised (MRNI; Restrictive Emotionality subscale), and the Short Social Desirability Scale (SSDS), the authors provided evidence for the convergent, discriminant, criterion, and incremental validity of the M2PIN, as well as its reliability. Additionally, 3 significant interaction effects involving the M2PIN subscales and measures of restrictive emotionality and emotional control provide support for the notion that an incongruence between external norms (i.e., descriptive and injunctive norms) and personal norms concerning emotional inexpressiveness was associated with greater loneliness, whereas congruence was associated with greater life satisfaction.