Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outsourcing Large Matrix Inversion Computation to A Public Cloud

Cloud computing enables resource-constrained clients to economically outsource their huge computation workloads to a cloud server with massive computational power. This promising computing paradigm inevitably brings in new security concerns and challenges, such as input/output privacy and result verifiability. Since matrix inversion computation (MIC) is a quite common scientific and engineering computational task, we are motivated to design a protocol to enable secure, robust cheating resistant, and efficient outsourcing of MIC to a malicious cloud in this paper. The main idea to protect the privacy is employing some transformations on the original matrix to get a encrypted matrix which is sent to the cloud; and then transforming the result returned from the cloud to get the correct inversion of the original matrix. Next, a randomized Monte Carlo verification algorithm with one-sided error is employed to successfully handle result verification. In this paper, the superiority of this novel technique in designing inexpensive result verification algorithm for secure outsourcing is well demonstrated. We analytically show that the proposed protocol simultaneously fulfills the goals of correctness, security, robust cheating resistance, and high-efficiency. Extensive theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation also show its high-efficiency and immediate practicability.
Bisimulations for Fuzzy-Transition Systems

There has been a long history of using fuzzy-language equivalence to compare the behavior of fuzzy systems; however, the comparison at this level is too coarse. Recently, a finer behavioral measure, i.e., bisimulation, has been introduced to fuzzy-finite automata. However, the results obtained are applicable only to finite-state systems. In this paper, we consider bisimulation for general fuzzy systems, which may be infinite state or infinite event, by modeling them as fuzzy-transition systems (FTSs). To help understand and check bisimulation, we characterize it in three ways by enumerating whole transitions, comparing individual transitions, and using a monotonic function. In addition, we address composition operations, subsystems, quotients, and homomorphisms of FTSs and discuss their properties connected with bisimulation. The results presented here are useful to compare the behavior of general fuzzy systems. In particular, this makes it possible to relate an infinite fuzzy system to a finite one, which is easier to analyze, with the same behavior.
Prevalence and determining factors related to depression among adult women in Korea.

PURPOSE Korean women are likely to experience symptoms of depression, possibly due to socially fixed limitations on the roles that Korean women are expected to perform. Also if a Korean woman experiences negative relationship problem or stress in her family, she would feel responsible, which will worsen her depression. Nonetheless, much of the research on depression among Korean women has focused on menopausal women. This study aims to understand the depression of Korean women to provide fundamental data to develop nursing intervention method for promoting women's health. METHODS The present investigation assessed the prevalence and correlates of depression in a large sample of Korean women, aged 18 or older, from the general population. With a probability sample of 3312 women drawn from two areas in Korea, a survey, which contains the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and background, was completed. RESULTS According to CES-D classification criteria, 36.5% of the women in the sample displayed either no depression or mild depression, 55.6% exhibited moderate depression, and 7.8% manifested severe depression. Significant bivariate relationships were observed between depression and each measured background variable except alcohol use. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the strongest combination of predictors of depression included income, menopausal, and marital status. CONCLUSION The data support the premise that Korean women disproportionately experience elevated levels of depression. Consistent with the theory, depression may be related to social pressures to conform to the traditional roles. The study suggests the need for further research, primary prevention activities, and increased access to treatment.
24-Hour Rhythms of DNA Methylation and Their Relation with Rhythms of RNA Expression in the Human Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Circadian rhythms modulate the biology of many human tissues, including brain tissues, and are driven by a near 24-hour transcriptional feedback loop. These rhythms are paralleled by 24-hour rhythms of large portions of the transcriptome. The role of dynamic DNA methylation in influencing these rhythms is uncertain. While recent work in Neurospora suggests that dynamic site-specific circadian rhythms of DNA methylation may play a role in modulating the fungal molecular clock, such rhythms and their relationship to RNA expression have not, to our knowledge, been elucidated in mammalian tissues, including human brain tissues. We hypothesized that 24-hour rhythms of DNA methylation exist in the human brain, and play a role in driving 24-hour rhythms of RNA expression. We analyzed DNA methylation levels in post-mortem human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex samples from 738 subjects. We assessed for 24-hour rhythmicity of 420,132 DNA methylation sites throughout the genome by considering methylation levels as a function of clock time of death and parameterizing these data using cosine functions. We determined global statistical significance by permutation. We then related rhythms of DNA methylation with rhythms of RNA expression determined by RNA sequencing. We found evidence of significant 24-hour rhythmicity of DNA methylation. Regions near transcription start sites were enriched for high-amplitude rhythmic DNA methylation sites, which were in turn time locked to 24-hour rhythms of RNA expression of nearby genes, with the nadir of methylation preceding peak transcript expression by 1–3 hours. Weak ante-mortem rest-activity rhythms were associated with lower amplitude DNA methylation rhythms as were older age and the presence of Alzheimer's disease. These findings support the hypothesis that 24-hour rhythms of DNA methylation, particularly near transcription start sites, may play a role in driving 24-hour rhythms of gene expression in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and may be affected by age and Alzheimer's disease.
College Students and Algebra Story Problems: Strategies for Identifying Relevant Information

College students' strategies to discriminate relevant from irrelevant information in algebra story problems were identified and compared to strategies used by younger students in previous studies. College students identified numbers relevant for solution (Experiment 1) or provided verbal reports as they computed answers (Experiment 2). Type of information examined, sequence and duration of examination, and verbal reports were analyzed. College students' strategies were similar to those of younger students (using specific semantic features, using the question, discriminating during reading, rereading, transitional strategies). Students used multiple strategies across problems. Multiple strategies within a single problem occurred more frequently on problems with transitional strategies. An exploratory analysis indicated that students were aware of their strategies and consistently monitored and evaluated their strategic processing.
Voltage scheduling under unpredictabilities: a risk management paradigm

This paper addresses the problem of voltage scheduling in unpredictable situations. The voltage scheduling problem assigns voltages to operations such that the power is minimized under a clock cycle constraint. In presence of unpredictabilities meeting the clock constraint cannot be guaranteed. This paper proposes a novel risk management based technique to solve this problem. The risk management paradigm assigns a quantified value to the amount of risk the designer is willing to take on the clock cycle constraint. The algorithm then assigns voltages in order to meet the expected value of clock cycle constraint while keeping the maximum delay within the specified "risk" and minimizing the power.
Application of Bayesian Methods to Exposure Assessment of Area Concentrations at a Rubber Factory

The present study estimated area concentrations of airborne benzene in several workshops using Bayesian methods based on available historical measurements. A rubber products factory utilizing benzene was investigated. Historical measurements of benzene concentrations, expert experiences, and deterministic modeling were utilized in a Bayesian Method to estimate area concentrations. Historical concentrations (n=124) were available with the geometric mean of 15.3 mg/m3. The geometric mean of the current field measurements on the workstations ranged from 0.7 to 89.0 mg/m3. One of the seven historical geometric means by work locations significantly differed from the field measurements for equivalent locations, but none of the geometric means of Bayesian estimates were significantly different from the field measurement results. The Bayesian methods based on the historical measurements appeared to be a useful tool for more closely estimating area concentrations shown by field data than that predicted only using historical measurements.
Diabetes-Specific Quality of Life of Korean Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the quality of life of children in Korea with type 1 diabetes and related factors. METHODS Children were recruited from a diabetes camp. Data were collected using four instruments: the PedsQL™ 3.2 Diabetes Module, Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Self-Management, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children, and the Diabetes Management Behavior Scale. RESULTS Children who were older (t = 2.197, p = .041), male (t = -3.579, p = .002), and less depressed (t = -2.859, p = .010) were more likely to have better quality of life. CONCLUSION Further research is needed in children with type 1 diabetes in countries where this disease is rare, and governmental support and public awareness are limited.
"Bag of Events" Approach to Event Coreference Resolution. Supervised Classification of Event Templates

We propose a new robust two-step approach to cross-textual event coreference resolution on news articles. The approach makes explicit use of event and discourse structure thereby compensating for implications of the Gricean Maxim of quantity. News follows the principle of language economy. Information tends not to be repeated within discourse boarders. This phenomenon poses a challenge for models comparing information about event mentions (and their arguments) on the sentence level. Our approach addresses this challenge by building a knowledge representation per unit of discourse - for present purposes, a document. We collect event information from a single document filling in a “document template” and by that creating a “Bag of Events. ” We then use supervised Classification to determine if pairs of document templates contain corefering event mentions. Next we solve coreference between event mentions from the same document cluster by means of supervised classification of “sentence templates. ” The results indicate that the new approach is promising.
The Clem Toolkit

In this demonstration session, we present a toolkit we have designed around a model-driven language fLEJ. This relies on formal methods to ease the development of applications in an efficient and reusable way. Formal methods have been advocated as a means of increasing the reliability of systems, especially those which are safety or business critical. It is still difficult to develop automatic specification and verification tools due to limitations like state explosion, undecidability, etc. To face these problems, we provide LE with a constructive semantic that allows the modular compilation of programs into software and hardware targets (C code, VHDL code, FPGA synthesis, Verification tools). Moreover, we also provide software to design, compile and verify LE programs. Our approach is pertinent according to the two main requirements of critical realistic applications: the modular compilation allows us to deal with large systems, the model-driven approach provides us with formal validation.
Towards Understanding the Origin of Genetic Languages

Molecular biology is a nanotechnology that works--it has worked for billions of years and in an amazing variety of circumstances. At its core is a system for acquiring, processing and communicating information that is universal, from viruses and bacteria to human beings. Advances in genetics and experience in designing computers have taken us to a stage where we can understand the optimisation principles at the root of this system, from the availability of basic building blocks to the execution of tasks. The languages of DNA and proteins are argued to be the optimal solutions to the information processing tasks they carry out. The analysis also suggests simpler predecessors to these languages, and provides fascinating clues about their origin. Obviously, a comprehensive unraveling of the puzzle of life would have a lot to say about what we may design or convert ourselves into.
Siting technological risks: cultural approaches and cross-cultural ethics

Are European national risk prevention regulations reflecting different cultural attitudes towards risk? This article replies positively to this question by elaborating the results of an investigation led between 2004 and 2008 by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. The investigation focused on the European national implementations of Article 12 of Directive Seveso II on Dangerous Substances (96/82/EC) and aimed at providing an overview of different methodological approaches to the matter of land use planning in areas subject to the risk of major accidents. Five countries were selected for in‐depth analysis and comparison. This article focuses on one aspect of their different approaches to land use planning in at‐risk areas that was not considered by the European investigation: the influence of national cultural backgrounds on the implementation of Article 12 within the respective national legislations and practices. To explain whether different cultural orientations may have affected them, the article refers to one cultural index in particular, namely the uncertainty‐avoidance index (UAI) proposed by the Dutch sociologist Geert Hofstede. This index provides a key of reading of the different methodological orientations adopted for regulating land uses in the vicinity of hazardous establishments in these countries; by applying it, the study demonstrates that different cultural attitudes towards uncertainty may be a determinant factor in the approaches to and the regulation of the matter of hazardous facility siting. In the conclusions, the regulatory as well as ethical implications of this finding are discussed.
Parental support, family conflict, and overprotectiveness: Predicting PTSD symptom levels of adolescents 28 months after a natural disaster

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of family factors as predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among adolescents, a substantial period of time after a natural disaster. It was hypothesized that a lack of parental support, family conflict, and overprotectiveness are all risk factors with regard to levels of PTSD symptoms. A group of 533 schoolchildren and high-school students was investigated 28 months after a huge flood, which was one of the most devastating disasters in Poland. The results of a hierarchical regression analysis indicate that the extent of traumatic exposure, parental support, family conflict, and overprotectiveness, all predicted levels of PTSD symptoms in the group investigated. Furthermore, parental overprotectiveness moderated the effect of trauma, thus augmenting the impact of stress experienced during the disaster on the level of PTSD symptoms. The findings suggest that excessive parental control and infantilization of children for a long time after a disaster are harmful for adolescents’ health and could be an obstacle in the recovery process. The results highlight the importance of studying parental ways of coping in order to predict how adolescents cope with a traumatic event.
The inflammatory response in blood and in remote organs following acute kidney injury

In patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) mortality remains high, despite the fact that the patients are treated with continuous renal replacement therapy. The interaction between the kidney and the immune system might explain the high mortality observed in AKI. In order to elucidate the interaction between the kidney and immune system we developed a two‐hit model of AKI and endotoxemia. Our hypothesis was that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the kidney simultaneously with endotoxemia would generate a more extensive inflammatory response compared to I/R of the hind legs. Our expectation was that elevated levels of cytokines would be found in both blood and in organs distant to the kidneys. Forty mice were divided into five groups. The mice were subjected to the following operations: A: Sham only, no lipopolysaccharide (LPS); B: I/R of both kidneys + LPS; C: LPS only; D: Nephrectomy + LPS; E: I/R of both hind legs + LPS. In groups B and E, I/R times were identical. All mice were kept alive for 24 h and then sacrificed. Levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor‐α were measured in the blood. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lungs, kidneys, and liver was evaluated as an indirect measurement of accumulation of granulocytes. In this study, significantly higher amount of IL‐6 and IL‐10 in the plasma was observed following renal I/R compared to hind leg I/R. The elevated levels of cytokine in plasma were observed following nephrectomy and endotoxemia. The neutrophil infiltration of distant organs measured by the levels of MPO in the lung and liver also showed a significantly higher level in renal I/R compared to hind leg I/R. Renal I/R is associated with a more pronounced inflammatory response in blood and distant organs. The high cytokine levels measured following nephrectomy might be explained by compromised elimination of cytokines by the kidney in AKI.
Two-Way Relay Channels: Error Exponents and Resource Allocation

In a two-way relay network, two terminals exchange information over a shared wireless half-duplex channel with the help of a relay. Due to its fundamental and practical importance, there has been an increasing interest in this channel. However, surprisingly, there has been little work that characterizes the fundamental tradeoff between the communication reliability and transmission rate across all signal-to-noise ratios. In this paper, we consider amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying due to its simplicity. We first derive the random coding error exponent for the link in each direction. From the exponent expression, the capacity and cutoff rate for each link are also deduced. We then put forth the notion of the bottleneck error exponent, which is the worst exponent decay between the two links, to give us insight into the fundamental tradeoff between the rate pair and information-exchange reliability of the two terminals. As applications of the error exponent analysis, we present two optimal resource allocations to maximize the bottleneck error exponent: i) the optimal rate allocation under a sum-rate constraint and its closed-form quasi-optimal solution that requires only knowledge of the capacity and cutoff rate of each link; and ii) the optimal power allocation under a total power constraint, which is formulated as a quasi-convex optimization problem. Numerical results verify our analysis and the effectiveness of the optimal rate and power allocations in maximizing the bottleneck error exponent.
A new mechanism for the electrostatic charge build-up and dissipation in dielectrics

Excess electrostatic charge induction on paper under an electrostatic potential, at different relative humidity (RH) values, was measured using a Kelvin electrostatic voltmeter set-up. Results show that samples under a positive potential accumulate excess negative charges, which are dissipated when the potential is brought down to zero. Rates of charge accumulation and dissipation over the samples are equal under constant RH and both rates decrease markedly at lower RH values. These results are interpreted using a new model for the electrification of insulators, based on the effect of the electric potential on the electrochemical potential (µi=µi° + RTln a + zFV) of H(H2O)n+ and OH(H2O)n- ions within water adsorbed on insulators. Rates of paper electrification and re-neutralization are thus strongly dependent on the amount of water in the atmosphere. This model explains the experimental results presented in this work and also a number of hitherto unexplained reports on electrostatic phenomena.
Design as Power: Paul Virilio and the Governmentality of Design Expertise

Abstract Using sources from popular media, and ethnographic data collected from a university‐based urban design studio, I challenge Paul Virilio’s assertion that the modern human condition is dominated by a process of emotional synchronisation based on fear (the result, according to Virilio, of a collusion of technology and speed), and offer the analogous idea that contemporary consumer capitalism works toward a synchronisation of desire, operating, at least in part, through the ideologies and machinations of the idea of design. To do this, I analyse designerly approaches to problem‐solving as potential disciplining forces, or technologies of governmentality, which help to create order by manufacturing certain subjectivities like consumer, community member, or sense‐of‐place – subjectivities that are amenable to neo‐liberal notions of civil society in consumer‐capitalism. Ultimately, I argue that Virilio’s ‘art criticism of technology’, but also common critiques thereof, both depoliticise aesthetic judgement and work together toward the obfuscation of power within the symbolic economy of neo‐liberal consumer capitalism.
The Potential of Internet Mobilization: An Experimental Study on the Effect of Internet and Face-to-Face Mobilization Efforts

In recent years, voluntary associations and political organizations have increasingly relied on Internet-based mobilization campaigns, replacing traditional forms of face-to-face recruitment and mobilization. Within the literature, one can observe an intensive debate about the possible consequences of this transition. Most importantly, the question is whether political mobilization through the Internet is just as effective as mobilization in a face-to-face setting. In this article, we report on a mobilization experiment using both traditional (face-to-face) and modern (Web site) incentives for mobilization. The experiment was conducted among undergraduate students in Belgium and Canada and included a test of medium-term mobilization effects. Results suggest that the Internet is successful in transferring knowledge and raising issue salience among respondents, but neither experimental manipulation led to significant behavioral changes. We do not find any indication that among this experimental sample Internet-based mobilization would be less effective than traditional face-to-face forms of mobilization.