Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated 3D lattice structure construction using hydrogel microfiber

The 3D tissue construction is one of the important issues for retentive medicine. Current studies have tried to realize small size of 3D tissue in vitro. However, large size of 3D tissue, which has functionality, has not been realized due to the difficulties in supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissue. In this paper, we propose the lattice based 3D tissue construction approach using hydrogel fiber. We also try to make a mesh shape structure by using our developed system. By using the proposed system, we demonstrate that it is possible to fabricate mesh with various grid sizes and multi-layered lattice.
Optimal radio channel allocation for fair queuing in wireless data networks

In this paper, the problem of fair scheduling in a wireless network is formulated as an assignment problem and an optimal radio channel allocation (ORCA) strategy is proposed for fair bandwidth allocation in a centralized manner simulation results show that the performance improvement due to ORCA can be significant compared to other wireless fair-queuing mechanisms proposed in the literature such as WPS (wireless packet scheduling).
Modeling statecharts and activitycharts as signal equations

The languages for modeling reactive systems are of different styles, like the imperative, state-based ones and the declarative, data-flow ones. They are adapted to different application domains. This paper, through the example of the languages Statecharts and Signal, shows a way to give a model of an imperative specification (Statecharts) in a declarative, equational one (Signal). This model constitutes a formal model of the Statemate semantics of Statecharts, upon which formal analysis techniques can be applied. Being a transformation from an imperative to a declarative structure, it involves the definition of generic models for the explicit management of state (in the case of control as well as of data). In order to obtain a structural construction of the model, a hierarchical and modular organization is proposed, including proper management and propagation of control along the hierarchy. The results presented here cover the essential features of Statecharts as well as of another language of Statemate: Activitycharts. As a translation, it makes multiformalism specification possible, and provides support for the integrated operation of the languages. The motivation lies also in the perspective of gaining access to the various formal analysis and implementation tools of the synchronous technology, using the DC1 exchange format, as in the Sacres programming environment.
Power-aware network swapping for wireless palmtop PCs

Virtual memory is considered to be an unlimited resource in desktop or notebook computers with high storage memory capabilities. However, in wireless mobile devices like palmtops and personal digital assistants (PDA), storage memory is limited or absent due to weight, size and power constraints. As a consequence, swapping over remote memory devices can be considered as a viable alternative. Nevertheless, power hungry wireless network interface cards (WNIC) may limit the battery lifetime and application performance if not efficiently exploited. In this work we explore performance and energy of network swapping in comparison with swapping on local micro-drives and flash memories. Our study points out that remote swapping over power-manageable WNICs can be more efficient than local swapping and that both energy and performance can be optimized through power-aware reshaping of data requests. Experimental results show that our optimization technique can save up to 60% of communication energy while improving performance.
Perceiving Talking Faces: From Speech Perception to a Behavioral Principle By Massaro, D. W., MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts: 1998

This book is concerned with how multiple sources of information are processed in speech perception and, more generally, in pattern recognition. It is based upon an important research program conducted by Massaro and his colleagues over the last two decades. The book focuses on the perception of so-called bimodal speech, addressing a wide range of issues about the way in which visual information (as provided by the speaker's face) and auditory information are combined with each other by the perceptual system. The scope of the book is much larger, however, as Massaro's purpose here is to describe and defend a new psychological law relevant to a wide variety of domains. In contrast to already well-established laws of the same kind (e.g., Weber's law of perception), which are all unidimensional, the new principle is multidimensional, in that it describes how several factors impact behavior. This principle is embodied in a computational model of pattern recognition, the fuzzy logical model of perception (FLMP), whose latest version is presented and discussed in detail. The FLMP is systematically contrasted with alternative computational models, using a broad perceptual database as a benchmark throughout the book. In a separate part, the book also deals with methods for synthesizing talking faces in experiments on bimodal speech perception, and introduces Baldi, the talking face developed by Massaro and his coworkers. The book is accompanied by a CD-ROM which contains a series of demonstrations relating to many of the topics dealt with. The book is divided into four main sections. Section 1, &&Perceiving Talking Faces,'' focuses on the perception of speech by ear and by eye. Massaro reviews the most signi"cant empirical "ndings in that domain, discusses the main methodological issues, and presents a general classi"cation of the existing computational models of bimodal speech perception. Central to this section is the idea that speech perception obeys a general
Privacy of Aggregated Data without Noise

Some recent papers demonstrate how to reveal aggregated sensitive data by combining addition of noise with special cryptographic encoding. These results guarantee security in terms of differential privacy. Such approach is problematic since in some scenarios getting a noisy result is unacceptable, even if the calibration of the noise is optimal. Moreover, adding noise generated from a complex distribution can be problematic for practical reasons -- in particular when the data is collected in a system of constrained devices. The unwanted noise cannot be avoided when standard assumptions for differential privacy are applied to the investigated system. On the other hand, the intuition is that in some natural scenarios revealing only the aggregated sum (without adding any noise) to the adversary does not leak any sensitive information about the individuals who contributed to the data. Informally speaking, this observation comes from the fact that if at least a part of the data is randomized from the adversary's point of view, it can be effectively used for covering other values. In this paper we follow this intuition and formally prove it for some types of the data. We investigate when the aggregated data (without adding noise) does not devastate privacy of users. This leads to a natural extension of classic differential privacy definition that allows utilizing randomized nature of some data sets. In other words, we show when the data has enough ``uncertainty'' to be self-secured without any statistical perturbation.
Specificity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Function in Alloimmunity1

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (TRegs) are critical for the acquisition of peripheral allograft tolerance. However, it is unclear whether TRegs are capable of mediating alloantigen-specific suppressive effects and, hence, contributing to the specificity of the tolerant state. In the current report we have used the ABM TCR transgenic (Tg) system, a C57BL/6-derived strain in which CD4+ T cells directly recognize the allogeneic MHC-II molecule I-Abm12, to assess the capacity of TRegs to mediate allospecific effects. In these mice, 5–6% of Tg CD4+ T cells exhibit conventional markers of the TReg phenotype. ABM TRegs are more effective than wild-type polyclonal TRegs at suppressing effector immune responses directed against I-Abm12 alloantigen both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, they are incapable of suppressing responses directed against third-party alloantigens unless these are expressed in the same allograft as I-Abm12. Taken together, our results indicate that in transplantation, TReg function is dependent on TCR stimulation, providing definitive evidence for their specificity in the regulation of alloimmune responses.
IL-1 Receptor-Associated Kinase Modulates Host Responsiveness to Endotoxin1

Endotoxin triggers many of the inflammatory, hemodynamic, and hematological derangements of Gram-negative septic shock. Recent genetic studies in mice have identified the Toll-like receptor 4 as the transmembrane endotoxin signal transducer. The IL-1 intracellular signaling pathway has been implicated in Toll-like receptor signal transduction. LPS-induced activation of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK), and the influence of IRAK on intracellular signaling and cellular responses to endotoxin has not been explored in relevant innate immune cells. We demonstrate that LPS activates IRAK in murine macrophages. IRAK-deficient macrophages, in contrast, are resistant to LPS. Deletion of IRAK disrupts several endotoxin-triggered signaling cascades. Furthermore, macrophages lacking IRAK exhibit impaired LPS-stimulated TNF-α production, and IRAK-deficient mice withstand the lethal effects of LPS. These findings, coupled with the critical role for IRAK in IL-1 and IL-18 signal transduction, demonstrate the importance of this kinase and the IL-1/Toll signaling cassette in sensing and responding to Gram-negative infection.
Performances and structure changes of neat PPS fiber and nano Ti-SiO2-modified PPS fiber after over-temperature oxidation

Neat polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fiber and nano titanium-silicon dioxide-modified PPS fibers (A-PPS) were submitted to an over-temperature in air environment at 200, 220, and 240°C for 24, 192, and 360 h, respectively. Molecular and supramolecular structures were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The outside color of the PPS fibers turned yellow and the mechanical properties were reduced after over-temperature, but the performances of the A-PPS fibers were better than that of the neat PPS fibers. The analyses of the molecular and supramolecular structures showed that the temperatures of 200 and 220°C could not change the crystalline form but could increase the crystallinity of the PPS fibers. The crystallization temperature high-shifted and the crystallization FWHM increased after over-temperature. More significant changes at 240°C could be observed such as breaking of the macromolecular chains, mutual cross-linking, and increase of the melting enthalpy to a higher value than the complete crystallization enthalpy of PPS. Cross-linking between the benzene rings and oxidation of the S atoms did not change the PPS crystalline form but decreased the lattice constant. XPS spectra showed that the cross-linking and oxidation of the S atoms of the PPS fibers mainly came from the breaking of the C–S–C bonds, while the break ratio of the C–S–C bonds was relatively smaller in the case of the A-PPS fibers.
Seated Whole-Body Vibration Analysis, Technologies, and Modeling: A Survey

The modeling and measurement of the biodynamic response of the seated human body has recently been an active research topic, with major applications to ergonomics and automotive suspension control system technologies. This paper presents a holistic literature survey of topics including the latest research in the area of vibration signal processing and modeling of the biodynamic response of the seated human to vibrations. This paper reviews recent sensing systems that are reported to measure the motion of the seated body. The data processing techniques that are currently accepted are surveyed and these include impedance, transmissibility measures, frequency response function estimation, and model development. A review of applications of biodynamic response analysis and modeling to seating vibration isolation technologies and vibration monitoring systems is presented within this paper. This survey paper provides a discussion on the direction that the future research in this field will aim toward based on the trends in the recent research and the introduction and application of new technologies.
Who dispersed the seeds? The use of DNA barcoding in frugivory and seed dispersal studies

Assessing dispersal events in plants faces important challenges and limitations. A methodological issue that limits advances in our understanding of seed dissemination by frugivorous animals is identifying ‘which species dispersed the seeds’. This is essential for assessing how multiple frugivore species contribute distinctly to critical dispersal events such as seed delivery to safe sites, long‐distance dispersal and the colonization of non‐occupied habitats. Here, we describe DNA‐barcoding protocols successfully applied to bird‐dispersed seeds sampled in the field. Avian DNA was extracted from the surface of defecated or regurgitated seeds, allowing the identification of the frugivore species that contributed each dispersal event. Disperser species identification was based on a 464‐bp mitochondrial DNA region (COI: cytochrome c oxidase subunit I). We illustrate the possible applications of this method with bird‐dispersed seeds sampled in the field. DNA‐barcoding provides a non‐invasive technique that allows quantifying frugivory and seed dispersal interaction networks, assessing the contribution of each frugivore species to seed rain in different microhabitats, and testing whether different frugivore species select different fruit/seed sizes. DNA barcoding of animal‐dispersed seeds can resolve the distribution of dispersal services provided by diverse frugivore assemblages, allowing a robust and precise estimation of the different components of seed dispersal effectiveness, previously unattainable to traditional field studies at individual seed level. Given that seeds are sampled at the end of the dispersal process, this technique enables us to link the identity of the disperser species responsible for each dispersal event to plant traits and environmental features, thereby building a bridge between frugivory and seed deposition patterns.
Semantic Search in RealFoodTrade

We present RealFoodTrade (RFT), a system that allows farmers and fisher- men to sell their products directly to the end-buyer. RFT mak es use of Linked Data sets, together with a domain ontology designed by expert s, to perform semantic search over products on sale. RFT employs geo-locat ion technology on mobile devices to match demand and supply according to the l ocation. We sketch the semantic search techniques in RFT and illustrat e a prototype tailored to the fishing industry.
Antifungal Activity and Action Mode of Cuminic acid 2 from the seed of Cuminum cyminum . L against 3 Fusarium oxysporum f . sp . Niveum ( FON ) on 4 watermelon 5

Watermelon fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum (FON) is a 13 destructive soil-borne disease throughout the world leading to serious economic losses and limit 14 watermelon production. Cuminic acid, extracted from the seed of Cuminum cyminum L. , belongs to 15 benzoic acid analogues. In this study, the median effective concentration (EC50) values for cuminic 16 acid in inhibiting mycelial growth of FON was 22. 53μg/mL. After treatment with cuminic acid, 17 mycelial morphology was seriously influenced; cell membrane permeability and glycerol content 18 were increased markedly, but pigment and mycotoxin (mainly fusaric acid) were significantly 19 decreased. Synthesis genes of bikaverin and fusaric acid both were down regulated compared with 20 the control confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. In greenhouse experiments, cuminic acid at all 21 concentrations displayed significant bioactivities against FON. Importantly, significant 22 enhancement of activities of SOD, POD, CAT and decrease of MDA content after cuminic acid 23 treatment in watermelon leaves were observed in vivo. These indicated that cuminic acid not only 24 showed high antifungal activity, but also could enhance the self-defense system of the host plant. 25 Above all, cuminic acid showed the potential as a biofungicide to control FON. 26
Plants, Birds and Butterflies: Short-Term Responses of Species Communities to Climate Warming Vary by Taxon and with Altitude

As a consequence of climate warming, species usually shift their distribution towards higher latitudes or altitudes. Yet, it is unclear how different taxonomic groups may respond to climate warming over larger altitudinal ranges. Here, we used data from the national biodiversity monitoring program of Switzerland, collected over an altitudinal range of 2500 m. Within the short period of eight years (2003–2010), we found significant shifts in communities of vascular plants, butterflies and birds. At low altitudes, communities of all species groups changed towards warm-dwelling species, corresponding to an average uphill shift of 8 m, 38 m and 42 m in plant, butterfly and bird communities, respectively. However, rates of community changes decreased with altitude in plants and butterflies, while bird communities changed towards warm-dwelling species at all altitudes. We found no decrease in community variation with respect to temperature niches of species, suggesting that climate warming has not led to more homogenous communities. The different community changes depending on altitude could not be explained by different changes of air temperatures, since during the 16 years between 1995 and 2010, summer temperatures in Switzerland rose by about 0.07°C per year at all altitudes. We discuss that land-use changes or increased disturbances may have prevented alpine plant and butterfly communities from changing towards warm-dwelling species. However, the findings are also consistent with the hypothesis that unlike birds, many alpine plant species in a warming climate could find suitable habitats within just a few metres, due to the highly varied surface of alpine landscapes. Our results may thus support the idea that for plants and butterflies and on a short temporal scale, alpine landscapes are safer places than lowlands in a warming world.
Turbo Multicode Detection for Turbo-Coded HSDPA Systems

In this letter, a TIR (turbo iterative receiver) structure is proposed for the 3G HSDPA (high-speed downlink packet access) systems. The TIR performs two successive soft-output decisions, achieved by a SISO (soft-input soft-output) multicode detector and a SISO turbo decoder, through an iterative process. At each iteration, extrinsic information is extracted from detection and decoding stages and is then used as a priori information in the next iteration, just as in turbo decoding. A direct implementation of the SISO multicode detector has a prohibitive computational complexity. A low-complexity SISO multicode detector is developed by making use of soft multicode interference (MCI) cancellation technique. Computer simulations show that the TIR offers significant performance gain over the traditional receiver
Autonomous robotic street sweeping: Initial attempt for curbside sweeping

Autonomous street sweeping is an interesting robotic application because such street cleaning requires tedious and exhaustive human efforts of manual sweeping with brooms, blowing tools, or driving sweeping vehicles within a large area or along a long extension of roads on a regular basis. Toward autonomous street cleaning, we present our recent development of an autonomous robotic street sweeper. The developed system is aimed at autonomous cleaning with low cost hardware. In this work, a commercialized manual brush sweeper is robotized and equipped with two fish-eye cameras for environmental sensing. As an initial attempt of autonomous street sweeping, we show the cleaning performance of the robot along the curbside based on curbside recognition and tracking with top-view images.
Scan primitives for vector computers

The authors describe an optimized implementation of a set of scan (also called all-prefix-sums) primitives on a single processor of a CRAY Y-MP, and demonstrate that their use leads to greatly improved performance for several applications that cannot be vectorized with existing computer technology. The algorithm used to implement the scans is based on an algorithm for parallel computers. A set of segmented versions of these scans is only marginally more expensive than the unsegmented versions. The authors describe a radix sorting routine based on the scans that is 13 times faster than a Fortran version and within 20% of a highly optimized library sort routine, three operations on trees that are between 10 to 20 times faster than the corresponding C versions, and a connectionist learning algorithm that is 10 times faster than the corresponding C version for sparse and irregular networks. <<ETX>>
Robust plan optimization using edge-enhanced intensity for intrafraction organ deformation in prostate intensity-modulated radiation therapy

This study evaluated a method for prostate intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) based on edge-enhanced (EE) intensity in the presence of intrafraction organ deformation using the data of 37 patients treated with step-and-shoot IMRT. On the assumption that the patient setup error was already accounted for by image guidance, only organ deformation over the treatment course was considered. Once the clinical target volume (CTV), rectum, and bladder were delineated and assigned dose constraints for dose optimization, each voxel in the CTV derived from the DICOM RT-dose grid could have a stochastic dose from the different voxel location according to the probability density function as an organ deformation. The stochastic dose for the CTV was calculated as the mean dose at the location through changing the voxel location randomly 1000 times. In the EE approach, the underdose region in the CTV was delineated and optimized with higher dose constraints that resulted in an edge-enhanced intensity beam to the CTV. This was compared to a planning target volume (PTV) margin (PM) approach in which a CTV to PTV margin equivalent to the magnitude of organ deformation was added to obtain an optimized dose distribution. The total monitor units, number of segments, and conformity index were compared between the two approaches, and the dose based on the organ deformation of the CTV, rectum, and bladder was evaluated. The total monitor units, number of segments, and conformity index were significantly lower with the EE approach than with the PM approach, while maintaining the dose coverage to the CTV with organ deformation. The dose to the rectum and bladder were significantly reduced in the EE approach compared with the PM approach. We conclude that the EE approach is superior to the PM with regard to intrafraction organ deformation.