Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Random Geometric Prior Forest for Multiclass Object Segmentation

Recent advances in object detection have led to the development of segmentation by detection approaches that integrate top-down geometric priors for multiclass object segmentation. A key yet under-addressed issue in utilizing top-down cues for the problem of multiclass object segmentation by detection is efficiently generating robust and accurate geometric priors. In this paper, we propose a random geometric prior forest scheme to obtain object-adaptive geometric priors efficiently and robustly. In the scheme, a testing object first searches for training neighbors with similar geometries using the random geometric prior forest, and then the geometry of the testing object is reconstructed by linearly combining the geometries of its neighbors. Our scheme enjoys several favorable properties when compared with conventional methods. First, it is robust and very fast because its inference does not suffer from bad initializations, poor local minimums or complex optimization. Second, the figure/ground geometries of training samples are utilized in a multitask manner. Third, our scheme is object-adaptive but does not require the labeling of parts or poselets, and thus, it is quite easy to implement. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, we integrate the obtained top-down geometric priors with conventional bottom-up color cues in the frame of graph cut. The proposed random geometric prior forest achieves the best segmentation results of all of the methods tested on VOC2010/2012 and is 90 times faster than the current state-of-the-art method.
Cell Decomposition and Dimension Functions in First‐Order Topological Structures

The notion of a cell and that of a cell decomposition has been a central one in the study of certain first-order theories. A cell is a particular kind of definable set. The notion of a cell was first explicitly considered in [8], in the context of the theory of real closed fields. Collins defined a class of cells in this context, and showed that every definable subset of a real closed field is a finite disjoint union of cells. This property is often referred to as a cell decomposition for definable sets. The definable subsets of a real closed field are precisely the semi-algebraic sets (see [6]), and therefore this notion of a cell is of considerable importance in real algebraic geometry. Real closed fields are the principal examples of o-minimal structures. These have been extensively studied by model theorists during the last decade, and in this connection it was readily noticed that the notion of a cell was appropriate to the study of definable sets in this more general context. It was shown by van den Dries in [14] that o-minimal expansions of the real ordered field admit a cell decomposition for definable sets. However, Knight, Pillay and Steinhorn proved more generally in [19] that any o-minimal structure whatever admits a cell decomposition for definable sets. The notion of cell for o-minimal structures in [19] makes sense for linearly ordered structures, but a related notion was subsequently considered in a different context, that of the first-order theory of the p-adic numbers. Denef introduced a notion of cell appropriate to Qp in [10], and showed that any definable subset of Qp in the language of rings is a finite disjoint union of cells. By analogy with the real case, definable subsets of p-adically closed fields (structures elementarily equivalent to Qp) are often referred to as p-adic semi-algebraic sets. By contrast, however, a satisfactory analogue of an o-minimal structure in the p-adic setting has yet to be developed, much less an analogue of the cell decomposition for o-minimal structures in [19]. The structure of p-adic semi-algebraic sets was studied extensively by van den Dries and Scowcroft in [30]. They proved a result concerning the structure of definable subsets of Qp which, though weaker than the cell decomposition result in [10], is the basis for the work in this paper. We give a definition of cell (Definition 6.2) which makes sense in the context of any first-order structure in which there exists a definable topology, a first-order topological structure in the terminology of [24]. We also define in this context the Cell Decomposition
Fast myocardial motion and strain estimation in 3D cardiac ultrasound with Sparse Demons

This article presents a new method for motion and strain estimation in 3D echocardiography, called Sparse Demons, along with quantitative and qualitative evaluations from a dataset of synthetic ultrasound sequences. Motion estimation is based on a fast demons-like algorithm focusing on myocardial tissue. Synthetic 3D ultrasound images were generated by combining a biomechanical model of the heart with a realistic ultrasound imaging model. Ischemic areas were defined in the mechanical model to investigate whether our algorithm can discriminate healthy from diseased segments.
A model and implementation of a universal time delay simulator for large digital nets

Although simulation of logic circuits has been attempted in the past, only those which simulate completely combinational circuits have performed with any degree of success for various types of logic. This is primarily due to the number of simplifying assumptions that can be made for combinational circuits. For example, in combinational circuits, one need not consider timing of the signals, since any given input vector will always propagate to a stable state value. Also, since purely combinational circuits do not contain internal states, the user need not define or initialize these values, as must be done (and done meaningfully) for sequential circuits. A systems study of simulation and diagnosis for large digital computing systems has been performed. The results of that study have led to the implementation to be described. The model, which has been adopted, permits the user to select the level of detail most appropriate to his requirements, and thus not hamper him with overly restrictive assumptions. The advantages of this model are the following: 1. It does not require the specification of feedback loops in sequential circuits. 2. The ability to reset all feedback lines to any value at any time is not required. 3. It provides for the detection of hazards and races. 4. Simulation is not restricted to particular types of circuits. 5. Besides having the capability of simulating gate level circuits, it can also simulate at a functional level. This results in a savings of time and storage, permitting the simulation of large circuits.
From Text to Content: Computational Lexicons and the Semantic Web

The vision of the Semantic Web is to turn the World Wide Web into a machine-understandable knowledge base. According to this view, Web content is annotated with respect to particular ontologies, which provide the definition of the basic vocabulary and semantics of the annotations. In this paper we will argue that strengthening the synergies between ontology design and computational lexicon development is a key precondition for the Semantic Web and HLT communities to truly benefit of each other's results. In particular, we will tackle this issue by illustrating a series of requirements that computational lexicons must fulfill in order to become effective resources to contribute to implement the Semantic Web vision. These requirements will be discussed in the context of an existing infrastructure for the development of semantic language resources. Finally, we will argue that the emerging standards for the Semantic Web also provide the ground for the architecture and design of next-generation language resources.
Performance analysis of propagation structures on DSR routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks

Propagation structure has a vital role in designing the Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs). Propagation structure is employed for computing signal strength about each data packet at the destination. Propagation Structures in MANETs are characterized into three categories such as Free Space structure, Two-Ray Ground structure and Shadowing structure. Here in this paper, the effect of Two-Ray Ground propagation structure and Shadowing propagation structure on the performance of DSR routing protocol is conferred. Propagation Structure has a great impact on the simulation results. The simulation is accomplished using NS 2 simulator and the various Performance Attributes used for the evaluation of the performance of DSR protocol are Average Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio, Energy Consumption and Throughput.
Pericyte coverage of abnormal blood vessels in myelofibrotic bone marrows.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Myelofibrotic bone marrow displays abnormal angiogenesis but the pathogenic mechanisms of this are poorly understood. Since pericyte abnormalities are described on solid tumor vessels we studied whether vessel morphology and pericyte coverage in bone marrow samples from patients with myelofibrosis differed from that in samples from controls. DESIGN AND METHODS We assessed the microvascular density (MVD), vessel morphology and pericyte coverage in bone marrows from 19 myelofibrosis patients and nine controls. We also studied the same parameters in two mouse models of myelofibrosis, with genetic alterations affecting megakaryocyte differentiation (i.e. one model with low GATA-1 expression and the other with over-expression of thrombopoietin). RESULTS In myelofibrotic marrows, MVD was 3.8-fold greater than in controls (p<0.001) and vessels displayed 5.9-fold larger mean perimeters (p<0.001). MVD was 1.8-fold greater in JAK2 V617F-positive than in negative patients (p=0.026). Moreover, 92+/-11 % of vessels in patients with myelofibrosis were pericyte-coated but only 51+/-20 % of vessels in controls (p<0.001). In the two mouse models of myelofibrosis caused by targeting megakaryocytopoesis, wide, pericyte-coated and morphologically aberrant vessels were detected. MVD was significantly greater in bone marrow and spleen samples from animals with myelofibrosis than in wild-type mice. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS We conclude that angiogenesis is similarly abnormal in human and murine myelofibrosis with intense pericyte coating, presumably related to abnormal megakaryocytopoiesis.
TECNOB Study: Ad Interim Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Multidisciplinary Telecare Intervention for Obese Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

Background: Obesity increases the risk of many health complications such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes, needs long-lasting treatment for effective results and involves high public and private care-costs. Therefore, it is imperative that enduring and low-cost clinical programs for obesity and related co-morbidities are developed and evaluated. Information and communication technologies (ICT) can help clinicians to deliver treatment in a cost-effective and time-saving manner to a large number of obese individuals with co-morbidities. Objective: To examine ad interim effectiveness of a 12-month multidisciplinary telecare intervention for weight loss provided to obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants: A single-center randomized controlled trial (TECNOB study) started in December 2008. At present, 72 obese patients with type 2 diabetes have been recruited and randomly allocated to the TECNOB program (n=37) or to a control condition (n=39). However, only 34 participants have completed at least the 3-month follow-up and have been included in this ad interim analysis. 21 out of them have reached also the 6-month follow-up and 13 have achieved the end of the program. Study is still on-going. Intervention: All participants attended 1-month inpatient intensive program that involved individualized medical care, diet therapy, physical training and brief psychological counseling. At discharge, participants allocated to the TECNOB program were instructed to use a weight-loss web-site, a web-based videoconference tool, a dietary software installed into their cellular phones and an electronic armband measuring daily steps and energy expenditure. Main Outcome Measures: Weight and disordered eating-related behaviors and cognitions (EDI-2) at entry to hospital, at discharge from hospital, at 3,6 and 12 months. Results: Ad interim analysis of data from 34 participants showed no statistically significant difference between groups in weight change at any time-point. However, within-group analysis revealed significant reductions of initial weight at discharge from hospital, at 3 months, at 6 months but not at 12 months. Control group had higher scores in Interpersonal distrust at 12 months. Conclusion: This ad interim findings revealed that the effect of the inpatient treatment was high and probably overwhelmed the effect of the TECNOB intervention. Much statistical power and long-term follow-up may enhance the probability to detect the TECNOB effect over and above the great one exerted by the inpatient program.
A Dynamic Software Evolution by Metamodel Change

Every long-time running software system is sooner or later subject of a change. The most common reasons are different requests for a bug fixing or adding a new functionality. Software maintenance forms bigger part of software’s lifetime. Before applying a change, it is essential to correctly understand current state of affected system. Without all relevant information about both – system as whole and implementation details, a change can introduce new bugs or even break functionality of the system. In the paper we present contribution to program comprehension and following program change. Our method utilizes metalevel architectures to separate legacy application from evolution tool. The tool, placed in metalevel, uses aspect-oriented techniques to introduce a new code in the base level legacy application. This code manages casual connection between base level and metamodel, which is automatically created in metalevel. According to the base level program behavior, the metamodel is created and/or updated. Depending on the metamodel change, the base level program is extended with code which affects its functionality. Since the metamodel describes related implementation in higher level of abstraction, the method improves program comprehension and simplifies change.
Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: endogenous excretion, differences between cattle and sheep

The endogenous urinary excretion of the purine derivatives allantoin, uric acid and xanthine plus hypoxanthine were measured in twenty-nine lambs, ten cattle (six steers, one cow and three preruminant calves) and four pigs. The sheep and mature cattle were nourished by intragastric infusion and the calves were given a milk-substitute. The pigs were fed on a purine-free diet. The excretion of total purine derivatives was substantially greater by the cattle, being 514 (se 20.6) μmol/kg live weight (W)0·75 per d compared with 168 (se 5·0) μmol/kg W0·75 per d by the sheep and 166 (se 2·6) μmol/kg W0·75 per d by the pigs. Plasma from normally fed sheep, cows and pigs was incubated with either xanthine or uric acid. Sheep and pig plasma had no xanthine oxidase (ec 1. 2. 3. 2) activity whereas plasma from cattle did. Uricase (ec 1. 7. 3. 3) was not present in plasma of cattle and pigs and appeared to be present in trace amounts only in sheep plasma. It is suggested that the species differences in endogenous purine derivative excretion were probably due to the different profiles of xanthine oxidase activity in tissues and particularly in the blood. This is because a high xanthine oxidase activity in tissues and particularly in the blood. This is because a high xanthine oxidase activity would reduce the chance to recycle purines, by increasing the probability of degradation to compounds which could not be salvaged.
Estimating the Long-Term Phosphorus Accretion Rate in theEverglades : A Bayesian Approach with Risk

Using wetlands as sink of nutrients, phosphorus in particular, is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative to conventional wastewater treatment technology. In this paper, we brieey review the mechanism of phosphorus retention in wetlands, as well as previous modeling eeorts. A Bayesian method is then proposed for estimating the long-term phosphorus accretion rate in wetlands through a piecewise linear model of outtow phosphorus concentration and phosphorus mass loading rate. The Bayesian approach was used for its simplicity in computation and its ability to accurately represent uncertainty. Applied to an Everglades wetland, the Bayesian method not only produced the probability distribution of the long-term phosphorus accretion rate, but also generated a relationship of acceptable level of \risk" and optimal phosphorus mass loading rate for the proposed constructed wetlands in south Florida. The latter is a useful representation of uncertainty which is of interest to decision makers.
UVI WAVE , THE ULTIMATE TOOLBOX FOR WAVELET TRANSFORMS AND FILTER BANKS

A wavelet software package named Uvi Wavehas been developed by the Signal Theory Group, in the University of Vigo, to provide a simple way to work with wavelets. So, the toolbox may be useful to make easier the understanding of theoretical concepts. Moreover, it provides an experimentation platform for wavelet applications. This paper de scribes the contents and main features of Uvi Wave, that has been implemented within the powerful Matlab environment and is freely distributed.
Learning from Our Mistakes with Defect Causal Analysis

Defect causal analysis offers a simple, low-cost method for systematically improving the quality of software produced by a team, project, or organization. DCA takes advantage of one of the most widely available types of quality information, the software problem report. This information drives a team-based technique for defect causal analysis. The analysis leads to process changes that help prevent defects and ensure their early detection. The paper discusses the three principles that drive the DCA approach. It considers the impact of DCA on an organization.
Are KIBS more than intermediate inputs? An examination into their R&D diffuser role in Europe

It is widely accepted that Knowledge-Intensive Business Services (KIBS) are key agents in knowledge diffusion. Thanks in part to information technologies, an increasing internationalisation process has been taking place in this type of services in recent years. Starting from these two facts, the objectives of this paper are to evaluate and compare the Research and Development (R&D) diffuser role of a group of KIBS (called high-tech services) both within domestic economies and among countries. To do so, an input-output model that estimates the domestic and imported product-embodied R&D diffused by intermediate consumptions of high-tech services is applied in 11 European countries. The obtained results point out the existence of a potential 'compensatory' role of imported high-tech services in some countries, a role that deserves further study.
Analyzing Dependencies in an Industrial Automation Engineering System

This paper presents an approach to compute and visualize dependencies between elements of an industrial automation system. The various system elements are represented by a network of vertices and edges in a graph, which in turn is used for computing dependencies, assessing the impact of a change and providing a mechanism for visualizing relationships between the individual elements. The final goal of this effort is to improve the engineering efficiency by providing a system that computes and visualizes the engineering project data dependencies and provides the user with a visually-driven rapid-search and navigation mechanism.
Study on Control Strategy of Optimal Power Tracking of Multi-MW Wind Generating Set YIGANG KONG

Recently, an increasing number of multi-MW (1MW and up) wind generating set are being developed with a variable speed-variable pitch (VS-VP) control strategy to improve the fast response speed and get optimal energy. But the power generated by wind turbine changes rapidly because of the continuous fluctuation of wind speed and direction, and wind energy conversion systems are of strong nonlinear characteristics because of many uncertain factors. By analyzing the mathematical model of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), this paper presents a kind of control strategy of optimal power tracking. Fuzzy adaptive PID controller (FAPIDC) is adopted, and simulation results show that the controller can compensate the nonlinearity and have excellent robustness. Key-Words: Doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), Fuzzy, Adaptive, Variable speed-variable pitch (VS-VP), Wind turbine, Simulation
COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITIES OF CHOLESTEROL ANALYSIS USING GC, HPLC AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS

Abstrak : Kolesterol telah diekstrak dengan menggunakan kaedah Bohac (1984), Beyer & Jensen (1989) dan Queensland Health Science Institute (1995) dan prestasi ketiga-tiga kaedah ini telah diuji untuk mengekstrak kolesterol dari kuning telur. Kandungan kolesterol setiap sampel telah di analisis dengan menggunakan kaedah spektrofotometri serapan UV-VIS, HPLC dan kromatografi gas. Data yang diperolehi telah diuji dari segi kelinearan, ketepatan, peratus perolehan dan kesan saiz sampel. Dalam kajian ini analisis HPLC telah memberikan keputusan yang paling memuaskan bagi penentuan kolesterol di mana had pengesanannya adalah 0.08 mg/mL, kepersisan 97.5% dan pekali variasi 4.94%. Dalam ekstraksi beberapa kepekatan kolesterol piawai, kaedah Bohac adalah yang paling cekap, dengan memberikan peratus perolehan sebanyak 96.53%, kelinearan r 2 > 0.99 dan julat pengesanan 0.00 – 0.75 mg/mL. Berdasarkan keputusan yang diperolehi analisis kolesterol yang baik dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan ekstraksi kaedah Bohac dan dikuti dengan analisis HPLC.
Improved Duplicate Bug Report Identification

Bugs are prevalent in software systems. To improve the reliability of software systems, developers often allow end users to provide feedback on bugs that they encounter. Users could perform this by sending a bug report in a bug report management system like Bugzilla. This process however is uncoordinated and distributed, which means that many users could submit bug reports reporting the same problem. These are referred to as duplicate bug reports. The existence of many duplicate bug reports may cause much unnecessary manual efforts as often a triager would need to manually tag bug reports as being duplicates. Recently, there have been a number of studies that investigate duplicate bug report problem which in effect answer the following question: given a new bug report, retrieve k other similar bug reports. This, however, still requires substantive manual effort which could be reduced further. Jalbert and Weimer are the first to introduce the direct detection of duplicate bug reports, it answers the question: given a new bug report, classify if it as a duplicate bug report or not. In this paper, we extend Jalbert and Weimer's work by improving the accuracy of automated duplicate bug report identification. We experiments with bug reports from Mozilla bug tracking system which were reported between February 2005 to October 2005, and find that we could improve the accuracy of the previous approach by about 160%.
Model Repositories: Will They Become Reality?

Over the last years, several repositories have been proposed in response to the need of the MDE community for advanced systems supporting the reuse of modeling artifacts, and the adoption of model management tools as software-as-service. Even though the potential beneﬁts of MDE repositories are valuable, researchers and practitioners seem to prefer the management of their modeling artifacts locally and do not use yet advanced mechanisms for sharing and reusing them. This paper discusses the opportunities related to the adoption of model repositories and identify research issues that have to be addressed in order to make model repositories a reality in MDE.