Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Yield Predictions for a Model of Homogeneous Self-Assembling Components

Self-assembly of homogeneous components has the advantage of being a decentralised and highly parallel method for assembling multiple target structures, and is ideal for effective large-scale manufacturing. Yet assembly yield may be negatively affected by the formation of incompatible substructures that prevent the formation of complete target structures. In this work we present physical and theoretical analysis of a simple magnetomechanical self-assembling systems exhibiting the problem of incompatible substructures in the formation of closed circular target structures out of eight homogeneous components. The assembly yield of physical experiments from 8 to 40 components is compared with the predictions of a computational model, and the model is found to accurately predict both the mean and standard deviation of the experimental yield.
Towards Automatic Error Analysis of Machine Translation Output

Evaluation and error analysis of machine translation output are important but difficult tasks. In this article, we propose a framework for automatic error analysis and classification based on the identification of actual erroneous words using the algorithms for computation of Word Error Rate (WER) and Position-independent word Error Rate (PER), which is just a very first step towards development of automatic evaluation measures that provide more specific information of certain translation problems. The proposed approach enables the use of various types of linguistic knowledge in order to classify translation errors in many different ways. This work focuses on one possible set-up, namely, on five error categories: inflectional errors, errors due to wrong word order, missing words, extra words, and incorrect lexical choices. For each of the categories, we analyze the contribution of various POS classes. We compared the results of automatic error analysis with the results of human error analysis in order to investigate two possible applications: estimating the contribution of each error type in a given translation output in order to identify the main sources of errors for a given translation system, and comparing different translation outputs using the introduced error categories in order to obtain more information about advantages and disadvantages of different systems and possibilites for improvements, as well as about advantages and disadvantages of applied methods for improvements. We used Arabic–English Newswire and Broadcast News and Chinese–English Newswire outputs created in the framework of the GALE project, several Spanish and English European Parliament outputs generated during the TC-Star project, and three German–English outputs generated in the framework of the fourth Machine Translation Workshop. We show that our results correlate very well with the results of a human error analysis, and that all our metrics except the extra words reflect well the differences between different versions of the same translation system as well as the differences between different translation systems.
Managing Thesis Anxiety

Abstract This paper describes a pilot study, which investigates the faculty-librarian collaboration formed in a graduate education program. The levels of anxiety experienced by off-campus graduate students are examined to determine whether the partnership has had any effect. Quality of the thesis literature reviews produced by these students is also studied. Trends suggested by the data are reported.
Teachers' perception of bereaved children's academic performance

It is well documented that loss and trauma may lead to a reduction in school grades and an increase in the school dropout rate among school children. However, in order for the schools to support students in the best way after trauma and loss, it is of great importance that teachers are aware of these problems. In this study, we investigated the perceptions of the academic problems of bereaved students among 138 teachers and headmasters from six secondary and high schools. We administered questionnaires to the whole sample, and six focus group interviews were conducted to obtain in-depth knowledge from the same population. Teachers perceive a deterioration of school performance in grieving students. The teachers' perceptions are in accordance with what students report in studies. The teachers perceived grieving students as struggling with learning, showing reduced achievement in tests, and experiencing learning setbacks. There is a need for schools to try to remedy these problems in order for students to achieve their learning potential. The students' academic decline is not due to their lack of resources, but is a temporary setback due to the loss.
Opposite responses of vascular and moss communities to 1 changes in humus form , as expressed by the Humus Index 2 3

1 Question: Do plant species found in forests correlate with the Humus Index (based on a 2 ranking of humus forms) and, if yes, do they exhibit different responses according to 3 phyletic lineages? 4 Location: temperate atlantic climate (Paris Basin, France) 5 Methods: Moss and vascular (herb, fern) plant species were inventoried in two 6 broadleaved forests, with contrasting soil conditions. Fifteen and sixteen sites were 7 investigated, respectively, describing the variety of stand age and soil conditions which 8 prevailed in each of these forests, with 5 plots and 20 sub-plots in a grid at each site. 9 Mantel tests were used to estimate correlations between the Humus Index and plant species 10 richness, taking into account spatial autocorrelation. 11 Results: The local (plot, sub-plot) species richness of moss communities increased with 12 the Humus Index, i.e. when humus forms shifted from mull to moder. The reverse 13 phenomenon was observed in vascular communities. Opposite response of these two plant 14 groups could be explained by opposite strategies for nutrient capture which developed in 15 the course of their evolutionary history. 16 Conclusions: Although not necessarily causative, the Humus Index describes fairly well 17 changes in species richness which occur in forest vegetation, provided that phyletic 18 lineages and geographical position are taken into consideration. 19 20
Person identification using multiple cues

This paper presents a person identification system based on acoustic and visual features. The system is organized as a set of non-homogeneous classifiers whose outputs are integrated after a normalization step. In particular, two classifiers based on acoustic features and three based on visual ones provide data for an integration module whose performance is evaluated. A novel technique for the integration of multiple classifiers at an hybrid rank/measurement level is introduced using HyperBF networks. Two different methods for the rejection of an unknown person are introduced. The performance of the integrated system is shown to be superior to that of the acoustic and visual subsystems. The resulting identification system can be used to log personal access and, with minor modifications, as an identity verification system. <<ETX>>
In Vino Veritas: The Economics of Drinking

It is argued that drug consumption, most commonly alcohol drinking, can be a technology to give up some control over one's actions and words. It can be employed by trustworthy players to reveal their type. Similarly alcohol can function as a social lubricant and faciliate type revelation in conversations. It is shown that both separating and pooling equilibria can exist; as opposed to the classic results in the literature, a pooling equilibrium is still informative. Drugs which allow a gradual loss of control by appropriate doses and for which moderate consumption is not addictive are particularly suitable because the consumption can be easily observed and reciprocated and is unlikely to occur out of the social context. There is a tradeoff between the efficiency gains due to the signaling effect and the loss of productivity associated with intoxication. Long run evolutionary equilibria of the type distribution are considered. If coordination on an exclusive technology is efficient, social norms or laws can raise efficiency by legalizing only one drug.
Loss of Gcn5 Acetyltransferase Activity Leads to Neural Tube Closure Defects and Exencephaly in Mouse Embryos

ABSTRACT Gcn5 was the first transcription-related histone acetyltransferase (HAT) to be identified. However, the functions of this enzyme in mammalian cells remain poorly defined. Deletion of Gcn5 in mice leads to early embryonic lethality with increased apoptosis in mesodermal lineages. Here we show that deletion of p53 allows Gcn5−/− embryos to survive longer, but Gcn5−/−p53−/− embryos still die in midgestation. Interestingly, embryos homozygous for point mutations in the Gcn5 catalytic domain survive significantly longer than Gcn5−/− or Gcn5−/−p53−/− mice. In contrast to Gcn5−/− embryos, Gcn5hat/hat embryos do not exhibit increased apoptosis but do exhibit severe cranial neural tube closure defects and exencephaly. Together, our results indicate that Gcn5 has important, HAT-independent functions in early development and that Gcn5 acetyltransferase activity is required for cranial neural tube closure in the mouse.
An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Punjabi Sikhs' experience of caring for a relative with dementia

This study explores the meaning of Punjabi Sikhs’ lived experiences of caring for a relative with dementia. The Department of Health (DoH) recognises that people caring for a person with dementia (PWD) are the most vulnerable of all carers to experiencing psychological problems. Six Punjabi Sikh respondents were recruited and semi-structured interviews conducted. Their accounts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three themes emerged from this analysis 1) Surface and Depth of Dementia: Confused and Transparent Awareness 2) I’m Stuck and Winded up in Dis-ease and 3) Still I Kept Going: Perseverance as Transcending Limits. These findings indicate that emotional, relational, social, spiritual and physical perceptions of dementia aetiology do not necessarily exclude understanding of dementia as an illness or prevent professional help-seeking or diagnosis. Participant accounts also indicated that personal meaning of caring for a PWD as dis-ease (or as involving limited support) can be transcended through engaging with Sikh specific spiritual concepts such as Seva and Simran. Caring in this context has been found to extend beyond the interpersonal to hold transpersonal meaning. Punjabi Sikh experiential understandings of such phenomena are demonstrated as being synergistic with Counselling Psychology’s therapeutic relationship model. This connection provides scope for professionals to employ a broad conceptualisation of culturally sensitive phenomenological and transpersonal psychological support in this context. The thesis provides tentative guidelines for practice whilst indicating methodological limits to inform provisional suggestions for future research in this area.
Fricative Contrast and Coarticulation in Children With and Without Speech Sound Disorders.

Purpose The purpose of this study was, first, to expand our understanding of typical speech development regarding segmental contrast and anticipatory coarticulation, and second, to explore the potential diagnostic utility of acoustic measures of fricative contrast and anticipatory coarticulation in children with speech sound disorders (SSD). Method In a cross-sectional design, 10 adults, 17 typically developing children, and 11 children with SSD repeated carrier phrases with novel words with fricatives (/s/, /ʃ/). Dependent measures were 2 ratios derived from spectral mean, obtained from perceptually accurate tokens. Group analyses compared adults and typically developing children; individual children with SSD were compared to their respective typically developing peers. Results Typically developing children demonstrated smaller fricative acoustic contrast than adults but similar coarticulatory patterns. Three children with SSD showed smaller fricative acoustic contrast than their typically developing peers, and 2 children showed abnormal coarticulation. The 2 children with abnormal coarticulation both had a clinical diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech; no clear pattern was evident regarding SSD subtype for smaller fricative contrast. Conclusions Children have not reached adult-like speech motor control for fricative production by age 10 even when fricatives are perceptually accurate. Present findings also suggest that abnormal coarticulation but not reduced fricative contrast is SSD-subtype-specific. Supplemental Materials S1: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5103070. S2 and S3: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5106508.
VIPER: an advanced software package to support high-throughput LC-MS peptide identification

SUMMARY The accurate mass and time (AMT) tag approach is used for analysis of large scale experiments by combining information generated over multiple datasets and instrument types. The VIPER software package is one of the key components of the data processing pipeline and implements automated algorithms to discover LC-MS features, align and match these LC-MS features to a database of peptides previously identified in LC-MS/MS analyses, and identify and quantify pairs of isotopically labeled peptides. AVAILABILITY VIPER may be downloaded free of charge at http://ncrr.pnl. gov/software/
Validating the Rett Syndrome Gross Motor Scale

Rett syndrome is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a pathogenic mutation on the MECP2 gene. Impaired movement is a fundamental component and the Rett Syndrome Gross Motor Scale was developed to measure gross motor abilities in this population. The current study investigated the validity and reliability of the Rett Syndrome Gross Motor Scale. Video data showing gross motor abilities supplemented with parent report data was collected for 255 girls and women registered with the Australian Rett Syndrome Database, and the factor structure and relationships between motor scores, age and genotype were investigated. Clinical assessment scores for 38 girls and women with Rett syndrome who attended the Danish Center for Rett Syndrome were used to assess consistency of measurement. Principal components analysis enabled the calculation of three factor scores: Sitting, Standing and Walking, and Challenge. Motor scores were poorer with increasing age and those with the p.Arg133Cys, p.Arg294* or p.Arg306Cys mutation achieved higher scores than those with a large deletion. The repeatability of clinical assessment was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient for total score 0.99, 95% CI 0.93–0.98). The standard error of measurement for the total score was 2 points and we would be 95% confident that a change 4 points in the 45-point scale would be greater than within-subject measurement error. The Rett Syndrome Gross Motor Scale could be an appropriate measure of gross motor skills in clinical practice and clinical trials.
ENERGY EFFICIENT REAL TIME SCHEDULING OF DEPENDENT TASKS SHARING RESOURCES

In the design of embedded systems, it is very important to reduce energy consumption and thus prolong battery life in everywhere existed battery-powered embedded systems. Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) processors, which support many operating voltages and speeds, can efficiently reduce energy consumption by making appropriate decisions on the processor speed/voltage during the scheduling of real time tasks. This paper addresses the problem of energy efficient real time task scheduling where the tasks are dependent due to exclusive access shared resources. Furthermore, the paper proposes enhancements over the existing dual speed switching algorithm (DSA) where the proposed algorithm achieves more energy saving and has the capability to function with both SRP and DPCP protocols.
Exploring the design space of non-planar channels: Shape, orientation, and strain

We conduct a comprehensive simulation study of non-planar n-type channels based on consistent, physical models containing measurable quantities rather than fit-parameters. This contrasts empirical thin-body models used in classical/quantum-corrected TCAD. The method involves the self-consistent solution of the two-dimensional Schrödinger-Poisson system, combined with linearized Boltzmann transport in the third dimension. We advance the art of simulation by (i) introducing quantum simulation on unstructured meshes for arbitrary geometries, (ii) providing an efficient framework for rapid evaluation of device designs, and (iii) contributing a surface roughness scattering model for arbitrarily shaped surfaces. Consistent modeling allows us to make reliable assertions with respect to device performance.
Double Definiteness in Scandinavian

In the so-called 'double definiteness' varieties of Scandinavian (Norwegian, Swedish, and Faroese), a definite nominal phrase that contains no adjective or numeral has a suffixed article but no prenominal determiner. But if there are adjectives or numerals in a definite nominal phrase, the suffixed article co-occurs with a prenominal determiner. In my analysis, this pattern is related to the requirement that the D-projection must be visible. Because of this requirement, nP, which is the projection of the suffixed definiteness marker, moves to Spec-DP when no prenominal modifiers are present. However, when adjectives or numerals intervene between D and nP, they block nP-raising to Spec-DP. D must then be spelled out, and the result is a preposed determiner.
The human CTF4-orthologue AND-1 interacts with DNA polymerase α/primase via its unique C-terminal HMG box

A dynamic multi-protein assembly known as the replisome is responsible for DNA synthesis in eukaryotic cells. In yeast, the hub protein Ctf4 bridges DNA helicase and DNA polymerase and recruits factors with roles in metabolic processes coupled to DNA replication. An important question in DNA replication is the extent to which the molecular architecture of the replisome is conserved between yeast and higher eukaryotes. Here, we describe the biochemical basis for the interaction of the human CTF4-orthologue AND-1 with DNA polymerase α (Pol α)/primase, the replicative polymerase that initiates DNA synthesis. AND-1 has maintained the trimeric structure of yeast Ctf4, driven by its conserved SepB domain. However, the primary interaction of AND-1 with Pol α/primase is mediated by its C-terminal HMG box, unique to mammalian AND-1, which binds the B subunit, at the same site targeted by the SV40 T-antigen for viral replication. In addition, we report a novel DNA-binding activity in AND-1, which might promote the correct positioning of Pol α/primase on the lagging-strand template at the replication fork. Our findings provide a biochemical basis for the specific interaction between two critical components of the human replisome, and indicate that important principles of replisome architecture have changed significantly in evolution.
Mental Disorders and Revascularization Procedures in a Commercially Insured Sample

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if receipt of revascularization was similar among commercially insured adults with mental disorders compared with people without mental disorders. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of a 100% sample of Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Iowa administrative claims data, 1996 to 2001. Logistic regression was used to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for receipt of angioplasty (PTCA) and bypass graft surgery (CABG) within 30 days of discharge. Results: A total of 3368 adults, aged 18 to 64 years, were hospitalized for myocardial infarction (MI) and 40% (n = 1342) had a mental disorder. Subjects with mental disorders were more likely to be younger, female, urban residents, and to have increased cardiovascular and medical comorbidity. They were similarly likely as subjects without mental disorders to have received PTCA (OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95–1.29) and CABG (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.71–1.11) in analyses adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. Revascularization rates did not differ by mental disorder type, with few exceptions. Conclusions: Receipt of revascularization was similar for patients with and without mental disorders. Our results may differ from previous findings as a result of the younger population studied and increased comorbidity in people with mental disorders, which may have resulted in a contraindication for surgical intervention. Conversely, the increased burden of comorbidity could suggest that these patients should have received PTCA at higher rates because of the better prognosis associated with revascularization as compared with medical management. Prospective analyses with review of clinical data and behavioral risk factors are necessary to determine why some patients with mental illness may be less likely to receive cardiac interventions. MI = myocardial infarction; CVD = cardiovascular disease; MHD = mental health disorders; PTCA = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; CABG = coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CPT = Common Procedural Terminology; ICD = International Classification of Diseases; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; OR = odds ratio; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CI = confidence interval.
Fountain Capacity

Fountain codes are currently employed for reliable and efficient transmission of information via erasure channels with unknown erasure rates. This correspondence introduces the notion of fountain capacity for arbitrary channels. In contrast to the conventional definition of rate, in the fountain setup the definition of rate penalizes the reception of symbols by the receiver rather than their transmission. Fountain capacity measures the maximum rate compatible with reliable reception regardless of the erasure pattern. We show that fountain capacity and Shannon capacity are equal for stationary memoryless channels. In contrast, Shannon capacity may exceed fountain capacity if the channel has memory or is not stationary.