Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CATCH: Classroom Process Evaluation in a Multicenter Trial

The purpose of this paper is to describe the process evaluation model for the classroom curricula of the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) Project. The process evaluation plan specifically targets how much each curriculum was implemented, to what degree it was implemented as designed, and the barriers to implementation. Additionally, the rationale for each of the process evaluation measures and the instrument development process are presented. Data resulting from these measures will be essential in order to answer questions regarding the internal validity of the main outcomes of the project. Specific examples and sample results are provided from the CATCH third-grade classroom curriculum, which was implemented the first year of CATCH. A discussion also is presented of how the findings from a sample of these measures were used to gain additional insight on the salient features of the curriculum, and how those features may be related to student outcomes.
USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS IN FINITE ELEMENT MODELING TO IDENTIFY CRITICAL VARIABLES FOR LASER POWDER BED FUSION

Input of accurate material and simulation parameters is critical for accurate predictions in Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) Finite Element Analysis (FEA). It is challenging and resource consuming to run experiments that measure and control all possible material properties and process parameters. In this research, we developed a 3-dimensional thermal L-PBF FEA model for a single track laser scan on one layer of metal powder above a solid metal substrate. We applied a design of experiments (DOE) approach which varies simulation parameters to identify critical variables in L-PBF. DOE is an exploratory tool for examining a large number of factors and alternative modeling approaches. It also determines which approaches can best predict L-PBF process performance.
The role of hemoglobin A1c in the assessment of diabetes and cardiovascular risk

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a widely used tool for diagnosing, screening, and managing patients with diabetes; however, proper application and interpretation of the HbA1c test is crucial to master for accurate assessment of patients. It also has become the standard test in population-based studies for evaluating the relationship between glycemic control and cardiovascular risk. Result from large clinical trials support the modern perspective that the HbA1c target should be personalized according to the risks and benefits of glycemic control. This likely is most important in patients with diabetes and elevated cardiovascular risk in whom achieving low HbA1c levels early in the natural history may be the most beneficial.
Verifying requirements for resource-bounded agents

This thesis presents frameworks for the modelling and verification of resource-bounded reasoning agents. The resources considered include the time, memory, and communication bandwidth required by agents to achieve a goal. The scalability and expressiveness of standard model checking techniques is investigated using two typical multiagent reasoning problems which can be easily parameterised to increase or decrease the problem size. Both a complexity analysis and experimental results suggest that reasonably sized problem instances are unlikely to be tractable for a standard model checker without steps to reduce the branching factor of the state space. We propose two approaches to address this problem: the use of abstract specifications to model the behaviour of some of the agents in the system, and exploiting information about the reasoning strategy adopted by the agents. Abstract specifications are given as Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulae which describe the external behaviour of the agents, allowing their temporal behaviour to be compactly modelled. Conversely, reasoning strategies allow the detailed specification of the ordering of steps in the agent’s reasoning process. Both approaches have been combined in an automated verification tool TVRBA for rule-based multi-agent systems which allows the designer to specify information about agents’ interaction, behaviour, and execution strategy at different levels of abstraction. The TVRBA tool generates an encoding of the system for the Maude LTL model checker, allowing properties of the system to be verified. The scalability of the new approach is illustrated using three case studies.
The Impact of Weight Labels on Body Image, Internalized Weight Stigma, Affect, Perceived Health, and Intended Weight Loss Behaviors in Normal-Weight and Overweight College Women

Purpose: To explore the psychological impact of weight labels. Design: A double-blind experiment that randomly informed participants that they were “normal weight” or “overweight. ” Setting: Public university in Honolulu, Hawai‘i. Participants: Normal-weight and overweight female undergraduates (N = 113). Measures: The Body Image States Scale, Stunkard Rating Scale, Weight Bias Internalization Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, General Health question from the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, modified version of the Weight Loss Methods Scale, and a manipulation check. Analysis: A 2 × 2 between-subjects analysis of variance explored the main effects of the assigned weight label and actual weight and interactions between assigned weight label and actual weight. Results: Significant main effects of the assigned weight label emerged on measures of body dissatisfaction, F(1, 109) = 12.40, p = . 001, η p 2 = 0.10, internalized weight stigma, F(1, 108) = 4.35, p = . 039, η p 2 = . 04, and negative affect, F(1, 108) = 9.22, p = . 003, η p 2 = . 08. Significant assigned weight label × actual weight interactions were found on measures of perceived body image, F(1, 109) = 6.29, p = . 014, η p 2 = . 06, and perceived health, F(1, 109) = 4.18, p = . 043, η p 2 = . 04. Conclusion: A weight label of “overweight” may have negative psychological consequences, particularly for overweight women.
Mild form of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type IV and mutation in the TMEM70 genes

Abstract The case study presents a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with a mild form of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. During infancy and early childhood, he had lactic acidosis, dilated cardiomyopathy and failure to thrive with growth retardation. A genetic analysis revealed a mutated TMEM70 gene.
The effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation on central nervous activation: A controlled trial with long distance runners

The purpose of the present study was to experimentally assess the effect of cognitive strategies of association and dissociation while running on central nervous activation. A total of 30 long distance runners volunteered for the study. The study protocol consisted on three sessions (scheduled in three different days): (1) maximal incremental treadmill test, (2) associative task session, and (3) dissociative task session. The order of sessions 2 and 3 was counterbalanced. During sessions 2 and 3, participants performed a 55 min treadmill run at moderate intensity. Both, associative and dissociative tasks responses were monitoring and recording in real time through dynamic measure tools. Consequently, was possible to have an objective control of the attentional. Results showed a positive session (exercise+attentional task) effect for central nervous activation. The benefi ts of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity for the performance of self-regulation cognitive tasks are highlighted. The used methodology is proposed as a valid and dynamic option to study cognitions while running in order to overcome the retrospective approach. Research Article
Bayesian neural network approach to hand gesture recognition system

This paper presents a hand gesture recognition system as a part of our virtual reality system called non-contact flight auxiliary (NCFAC) system. The system is developed using Bayesian neural network to translate hand gestures to corresponding commands and utilizes one hand gesture to prepare for collision detection. Cyberglove sensory glove and Flock of Birds motion tracker are applied to this system to extract hand features. The Bayesian neural network model is trained and tested with different sample groups. Experiment shows that our system is able to recognize 16 kinds of hand gestures with the accuracy of 95.6% and greater generalization capability. The system can also be extended and use other algorithms for future works.
Histoire du décor à la roulette en Afrique subsaharienne

Used both now and in the past over a large part of the African continent, roulette decoration has often been used by archaeologists as a social or chronological marker. Despite being so widespread, this type of pottery decoration has remained problematic both in terms of the identification of its many forms and of their histories. In this paper, I intend to survey the historical and spatial distribution of this technique at a continental scale. According to the available data, roulette decoration was apparently invented in West Africa around 4000 bp and spread as far as Senegal in the west and to the Great Lakes Region in the east. Its propagation in the central African rain forest is marginal. A series of frontier effects are highlighted and the influence of factors, such as ethnolinguistic affiliation and social subgrouping, that influence spatial and temporal distribution are considered. The relationship between the distribution of roulette decoration and the potters / blacksmiths caste is considered.
Chemical characterization of fatty acids, alkanes, n-diols and alkyl esters produced by a mixed culture of Trichoderma koningii and Penicillium janthinellum grown aerobically on undecanoic acid, potatoe dextrose and their mixture

ABSTRACT Little is known about the mixed fungal synthesis of high-value aliphatics derived from the metabolism of simple and complex carbon substrates. Trichoderma koningii and Penicillium janthinellum were fed with undecanoic acid (UDA), potatoe dextrose broth (PDB), and their mixture. Pyrolysis Field Ionization Mass Spectrometry (Py-FIMS) together with 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) characterized CHCl3 soluble aliphatics in the fungal cell culture. Data from NMR and Py-FIMS analysis were complementary to each other. On average, the mixed fungal species produced mostly fatty acids (28% of total ion intensity, TII) > alkanes (2% of TII) > n-diols (2% of TII) > and alkyl esters (0.8% of TII) when fed with UDA, PDB or UDA+PDB. The cell culture accumulated aliphatics extracellularly, although most of the identified compounds accumulated intracellularly. The mixed fungal culture produced high-value chemicals from the metabolic conversion of simple and complex carbon substrates.
Uric acid and skin microvascular function: the Maastricht study

Objective: Microvascular dysfunction has been suggested as a possible underlying mechanism for the association between uric acid and various diseases, such as hypertension, renal disease and cardiomyopathies. We therefore analysed the association between serum uric acid and skin microvascular function, a model of generalized microvascular function. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 610 individuals [51.8% men; mean age 58.7 ± 8.6 years; 23.6% with type 2 diabetes (by design)] from The Maastricht Study. We assessed skin capillary density (capillaries/mm2) by capillaroscopy at baseline, after 4 min of arterial occlusion, and after 2 min of venous congestion. Capillary recruitment after arterial occlusion and during venous congestion was expressed as the absolute change in capillary density after recruitment and as the percentage change in capillary density from baseline. Results: Crude linear regression analyses showed that serum uric acid [per +1 standard deviation (SD) of 74 &mgr;mol/l] was not associated with baseline capillary density [&bgr; = −0.21 (95% confidence interval, 95% CI −1.61 to 1.19) P = 0.765], while an inverse association was found between uric acid and absolute change in capillary density after arterial occlusion [&bgr; = −1.15 (95% CI −2.36 to 0.06) P = 0.062] and during venous congestion [&bgr; = −1.41 (95% CI −2.68 to −0.14) P = 0.029]. However, after adjustment for sex, age and glucose metabolism status, these associations were no longer statistically significant. In addition, we found no association between uric acid and percentage capillary recruitment after arterial occlusion [&bgr; = −1.66 (95% CI −3.97 to 0.65) P = 0.159] or during venous congestion [&bgr; = −2.02 (95% CI −4.46 to 0.42) P = 0.104] in unadjusted analyses; multivariable analyses gave similar results. Conclusion: These results do not support the hypothesis that generalized microvascular dysfunction (as estimated in skin microcirculation) is the underlying mechanism for the association between uric acid and cardiovascular and renal diseases. The possibility that uric acid is associated with microvascular dysfunction in specific end-organs, for example heart or kidney, needs further investigation.
Global change biology Thermal tolerance , acclimatory capacity and vulnerability to global climate change

Despite evidence that organismal distributions are shifting in response to recent climatic warming, we have little information on direct links between species’ physiology and vulnerability to climate change. We demonstrate a positive relationship between upper thermal tolerance and its acclimatory ability in a well-defined clade of closely related European diving beetles. We predict that species with the lowest tolerance to high temperatures will be most at risk from the adverse effects of future warming, since they have both low absolute thermal tolerance and poor acclimatory ability. Upper thermal tolerance is also positively related to species’ geographical range size, meaning that species most at risk are already the most geographically restricted ones, being endemic to Mediterranean mountain systems. Our findings on the relationship between tolerance and acclimatory ability contrast with results from marine animals, suggesting that generalizations regarding thermal tolerance and responses to future rapid climate change may be premature.
Observations: SAM: The Self-Assessment Manikin An Efficient Cross-Cultural Measurement Of Emotional Response 1

Although consumer research began focusing on emotional response to advertising during the 1980s (Goodstein, Edell, and Chapman Moore. 1990; Burke and Edell, 1989; Aaker, Stayman, and Vezina, 1988; Holbrook and Batra, 1988), perhaps one of the most practical measures of affective response has only recently emerged. Part of the difficulty in developing measures of emotional response stems from the complexity of emotion itself (Plummer and Leckenby, 1985). Researchers have explored several different measurement formats including: verbal self-reports (adjective checklists), physiological techniques, photodecks, and dial-turning instruments.
Ionic JET flow in a circulatory miniaturized system

This paper reports a novel device for generating circulatory jet flow using bipolar discharge configuration. This arrangement, in which two electrodes serve as mutual emitters and reference defining the electric field, allows to generate simultaneously ionic wind with opposite charge, thus the ion flow is self-neutralized while keeping the momentum in desired direction. In order to prevent system from sparking over, between the two parallel electrodes is installed one millimetre thick polypropylene wall. Experiment and simulation has shown that the air flow is successfully circulated in the confined device with peak velocity of 2 m/s while consuming only 33 mW.
[Japanese mimetic words "Gitai-go" used to describe personality: classification and semantics].

This study investigated Japanese mimetic words "Gitai-go" that can describe personality, through classification based on factor analysis and correlation analysis with the Five Factor Personality Questionnaire (FFPQ). Japanese participants, mostly undergraduates (344 men and 702 women), were asked to rate themselves on a five point scale on each of 120 words. Factor analysis of the ratings yielded six groups of words. : "Cowardliness", "Slowness", "Preciseness," "Irritableness", "Candidness," and "Frivolousness". Correlations between these ratings and the personality scales were as follows. (1) "Cowardliness" showed a positive correlation with Emotionality, and a negative correlation with Extroversion. (2) "Preciseness" had a high correlation (r = .70) with Controlling and a low positive correlation with Extroversion and Attachment. (3) "Irritableness" showed a negative correlation with Attachment and a positive correlation with Emotionality. (4) Low negative correlations were observed between "Slowness" and Extroversion, "Candidness" and Emotionality, and "Frivolousness" and Controlling. The ambiguous but expressive nature of mimetic words was discussed in relation to the conceptualizations and descriptions of personality used in daily interaction.
RNA interference: An emerging generation of biologicals

RNA interference (RNAi) is a mechanism displayed by most eukaryotic cells to rid themselves of foreign double‐stranded RNA molecules. RNAi has now been demonstrated to function in mammalian cells to alter gene expression, and has been used as a means for genetic discovery as well as a possible strategy for genetic correction. RNAi was first described in animal cells by Fire and colleagues in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Knowledge of RNAi mechanism in mammalian cell in 2001 brought a storm in the field of drug discovery. During the past few years scientists all over the world are focusing on exploiting the therapeutic potential of RNAi for identifying a new class of therapeutics. The applications of RNAi in medicine are unlimited because all cells possess RNAi machinery and hence all genes can be potential targets for therapy. RNAi can be developed as an endogenous host defense mechanism against many infections and diseases. Several studies have demonstrated therapeutic benefits of small interfering RNAs and micro RNAs in animal models. This has led to the rapid advancement of the technique from research discovery to clinical trials.
Mitochondrial HEP 27 Is a c-Myb Target Gene That Inhibits Mdm 2 and Stabilizes p 53 †

Mitochondrial HEP27 Is a c-Myb Target Gene That Inhibits Mdm2 and Stabilizes p53 † Chad Deisenroth, Aaron R. Thorner, Takeharu Enomoto, Charles M. Perou, and Yanping Zhang* Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and Department of Gastoenterological and General Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
Effect of Candida morphology on amphotericin B susceptibility

We showed that brief exposures to amphotericin B (AmB) inhibited the induction of new Candida germ tubes and the lengthening of partially induced germ tubes. Blastoconidia with germ tubes were more susceptible to AmB killing, and this varied directly with the induction period and the AmB exposure period. AmB did not preferentially affect germ tube adherence to fibrin matrices.
An efficient encoding for simplified protein structure prediction using genetic algorithms

Protein structure prediction is one of the most challenging problems in computational biology and remains unsolved for many decades. In a simplified version of the problem, the task is to find a self-avoiding walk with the minimum free energy assuming a discrete lattice and a given energy matrix. Genetic algorithms currently produce the state-of-the-art results for simplified protein structure prediction. However, performance of the genetic algorithms largely depends on the encodings they use in representing protein structures and the twin removal technique they use in eliminating duplicate solutions from the current population. In this paper, we present a new efficient encoding for protein structures. Our encoding is nonisomorphic in nature and results into efficient twin removal. This helps the search algorithm diversify and explore a larger area of the search space. In addition to this, we also propose an approximate matching scheme for removing near-similar solutions from the population. Our encoding algorithm is generic and applicable to any lattice type. On the standard benchmark proteins, our techniques significantly improve the state-of-the-art genetic algorithm for hydrophobic-polar (HP) energy model on face-centered-cubic (FCC) lattice.
Principles and standards for reporting animal experiments in The Journal of Physiology and Experimental Physiology

The Journal of Physiology and Experimental Physiology have always used UK legislation as the basis of their policy on ethical standards in experiments on non‐human animals. However, for international journals with authors, editors and referees from outside the UK the policy can lack transparency and is sometimes cumbersome, requiring the intervention of a Senior Ethics Reviewer or advice from external experts familiar with UK legislation. The journals have therefore decided to set out detailed guidelines for how authors should report experimental procedures that involve animals. As well as helping authors, this new clarity will facilitate the review process and decision making where there are questions regarding animal ethics.
Prominence of M50 auditory evoked response over M100 in childhood and autism

This study investigated the 50 ms (M50) and 100 ms (M100) components of the auditory evoked field to explore their change during development. Using MEG, neuromagnetic fields elicited by a 1 kHz sinusoidal tone were recorded in adults and two groups of children and adolescents with typical development or autism spectrum disorder. M50 amplitude was larger in children than in adults, suggesting a developmental trajectory with M50 amplitude decreasing and M100 increasing with age. Child M50 and M100 latencies were prolonged relative to adults. Children with autism did not differ from control children with respect to these observations. The M50 in relation to the M100 is a robust index of early auditory system maturation suitable for future developmental investigations.
On the edition of " the Annotation of the Analects of Confucius"

The Annotation of the Analects of Confucius " that He Yan ,etc. wrote , has spread and has not abolished all the time since becoming the book. This paper has been roughly investigated to its edition source and course , sketched the contours of its passing the situation of hiding in the successive dynasties of our country, and took an exam of distinguishing to its situation in Japan. The thesis investigate edition on " the Annotation of the Analects of Confucius ", have introduced the extant important edition.