Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Threshold Voltage Sensitivity to Metal Gate Work-Function Based Performance Evaluation of Double-Gate n-FinFET Structures for LSTP Technology

This paper investigates the threshold voltage sensitivity to metal gate work-function for n-channel double gate fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) structures and evaluates the short channel performance of the device using threshold voltage dependence on metal gate work-function analysis. We carried out the study for a double gate n-channel fin field-effect transistor (n-FinFET) with parameters as per the projection report of International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, ITRS-2011 for low standby power (LSTP) 20 nm gate length technology node. In the present study device simulation have been carried out using PADRE simulator from MuGFET, which is based on the drift-diffusion theory. Our results show the accuracy and validity of classical drift-diffusion simulation results for transistor structures with lateral dimensions 10nm and above. The subthreshold behavior of device improves with increased metal gate work-function. The results also show that a higher gate work-function (≥5 eV) can fulfill the tolerable off-current as projected in ITRS 2011 report. The SCE in FinFET can reasonably be controlled and improved by proper adjustment of the metal gate work-function. DIBL is reduced with the increase in gate work function.
Antitumor effect of a transducible fusogenic peptide releasing multiple proapoptotic peptides by caspase-3

We have designed a novel peptide, TK3, composed of three functional domains, a protein transduction domain, a TAT followed by three tandem repeats of a proapoptotic peptide, and a caspase-3 cleavage site, (KLAKLAK)2-DEVD. TK3 was able to transduce into cells and then activate caspase-3, which in turn cleaved TK3 to release additional (KLAKLAK)2 peptides. (KLAKLAK)2 was well transduced by TAT into tumor cells and was able to induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. TK3 also induced apoptosis and inhibited angiogenesis in endothelial cells. Further, direct injection of TK3 into established B16F10 melanoma tumors in C57BL/6 mice resulted in almost complete inhibition of the tumor growth. These results suggest that TK3 could be beneficial for the treatment of accessible tumors and used as an adjuvant for cancer therapy. [Mol Cancer Ther 2008;7(6):1514–22]
MARITAL STRESS AND COUPLE SATISFACTION

This paper aims to investigate the relation between the marital stress and the couple satisfaction in a relatively isolated Romanian area, both from a geographic and cultural point of view, as well as the differences regarding the participant’s gender and the length of marriage. We found that couple satisfaction is negatively associated with couple stress. There are no differences in couple satisfaction as far as the marriage length is concerned. Although there is not statistically difference between women and men as far as couple satisfaction is concerned, in the same couple we found a statistically significant difference between the husband and the wife which seems to be less satisfied. It would be interesting to conduct a parallel research which should involve as many couples as possible, who live in an urban area which is more connected to the existence of the 21st century in order to highlight the common and distinctive elements.
Quantification of Metabolites in Swine Brain by ^1H MR Spectroscopy Using LCModel and QUEST: A Comparison Study

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive technique in which biochemical information can be obtained in vivo. LCModel and QUEST are two quantization tools for magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In this paper, a comparison between LCModel and QUEST is presented. After a description of the methods, we compared their performance on quantification of dominant metabolites in the brains of a health swine and a hypoxic ischemic one. In order to acquire the absolute concentration, external reference method and water reference were used. Both tools can fit a smooth curve and a baseline. With water reference in LCModel, absolute concentrations of NAA, Cr, and Cho can be obtained accurately and the concentration of Lac can also be measured. The metabolite concentrations using external reference were compared with the two kinds of software. Both LCModel and QUEST are valuable tools in quantification of absolute concentration in vivo.
A New Framework for Publishing and Sharing Network and Security Datasets

Datasets are very important for network and security research and development. Despite the continuous growth in the number of available datasets, there is no effective publishing and sharing mechanisms so that realistic and representative datasets are not only hard to construct but it is difficult to select from tens of thousands of datasets scattered in online repositories. This work aims to alleviate the difficulties inherent in searching, selecting and comparing datasets as well as to decrease the ambiguity associated with dataset publication and share. In this paper we present the basis and the implementation of a new framework to describe and share network datasets with a special focus on network and security-related datasets. Hereafter, we present the underlying idea of the proposed framework and the key component of this approach: a Dataset Description Language (DDL) to express dataset metadata. Besides that, we explain how we implemented a proof-of-concept prototype to demonstrate its feasibility and usefulness, only from OSOTS (Open Source Off The Shelf). It allows us to overcome the problem of backward dealing with a huge number of already existing datasets where it generates Dataset Description Sheets (DDS) automatically for traffic datasets. The proposed approach provides several benefits where it facilitates searching in dataset repositories according to various criteria. Moreover, its output in XML format can be integrated easily with Security Content Automation Protocol (SCAP) tools. It also, enhances communicating dataset properties in a clear and succinct manner.
Semi-stochastic coordinate descent

We propose a novel stochastic gradient method—semi-stochastic coordinate descent—for the problem of minimizing a strongly convex function represented as the average of a large number of smooth convex functions: . Our method first performs a deterministic step (computation of the gradient of f at the starting point), followed by a large number of stochastic steps. The process is repeated a few times, with the last stochastic iterate becoming the new starting point where the deterministic step is taken. The novelty of our method is in how the stochastic steps are performed. In each such step, we pick a random function and a random coordinate j—both using non-uniform distributions—and update a single coordinate of the decision vector only, based on the computation of the jth partial derivative of at two different points. Each random step of the method constitutes an unbiased estimate of the gradient of f and moreover, the squared norm of the steps goes to zero in expectation, meaning that the stochastic estimate of the gradient progressively improves. The computational complexity of the method is the sum of two terms: evaluations of gradients and evaluations of partial derivatives , where is a novel condition number.
Efficient control of epidemics over random networks

Motivated by the modeling of the spread of viruses or epidemics with coordination among agents, we introduce a new model generalizing both the basic contact model and the bootstrap percolation. We analyze this percolated threshold model when the underlying network is a random graph with fixed degree distribution. Our main results unify many results in the random graphs literature. In particular, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition under which a single node can trigger a large cascade. Then we quantify the possible impact of an attacker against a degree based vaccination and an acquaintance vaccination. We define a security metric allowing to compare the different vaccinations. The acquaintance vaccination requires no knowledge of the node degrees or any other global information and is shown to be much more efficient than the uniform vaccination in all cases.
Conceptual Design Technique Employing Graph Theoretic Duality

The work reported in the paper employs a general approach of associating engineering domains with general discrete mathematical models, called – graph representations. Once the engineering system is represented by a graph representation, all the reasoning processes upon the system are substituted by a reasoning of a more mathematical nature over the graph representation. Accordingly, graph representations were shown to be a unified mathematical framework for a variety of engineering domains. One of the strongest features of graph representations is the mathematical duality relation between their different types. It was proved in the previous works that duality relations between the representations, yield relations between engineering systems belonging to similarly unrelated disciplines. These relations will be employed in this paper to establish an efficient design technique, by means of which existing engineering designs are transformed to related engineering disciplines. The idea behind the technique introduced in the paper is first to transform the given design problem to a problem in its dual engineering domain. Then, if a solution exists in the dual domain, it is transformed back to the original engineering domain, yielding the solution to the original problem. This technique has already been applied to solve diverse design problems. The paper introduces two design cases, involving the fields of machine theory, structures and MEMS.
Local negotiation and alignment of expectations and transfer of lessons in niche development trajectories : meta analysis of 22 new energy projects in Europe

This paper examines the tension between the need to maintain diversity and the need to support path creation in the promotion of emerging sustainable technologies. The analysis is framed within the niche development literature and in particular the dynamics of socio-cognitive technology evolution as elaborated by Geels and Raven (2006). This literature offers a framework for analyzing the relation between individual projects in local contexts and the transfer of local experiences into generally applicable rules on the ‘global niche level’. We address this question by examining two case studies drawn from a meta-analysis of 22 new energy projects throughout Europe. These two case studies, both pertaining to biogas projects for local municipalities, illustrate the diversity of applications introduced into a generic technology through processes of local variation and selection. We examine the diversity of expectations, and the negotiation and alignment of these expectations, underlying the diversity of local solutions. Moreover, we identify the types of generally applicable rules that the projects produced for the ‘global niche level’, and suggest that the transfer of lessons from individual local experiments can follow different pathways, but always requires due attention to the social and cultural limits to the transferability of solutions.
MPEG-2 error concealment based on block-matching principles

The MPEG-2 compression algorithm is very sensitive to channel disturbances due to the use of variable-length coding. A single bit error during transmission leads to noticeable degradation of the decoded sequence quality, in that part or an entire slice information is lost until the next resynchronization point is reached. Error concealment (EC) methods, implemented at the decoder side, present one way of dealing with this problem. An error-concealment scheme that is based on block-matching principles and spatio-temporal video redundancy is presented in this paper. Spatial information (for the first frame of the sequence or the next scene) or temporal information (for the other frames) is used to reconstruct the corrupted regions. The concealment strategy is embedded in the MPEG-2 decoder model in such a way that error concealment is applied after entire frame decoding. Its performance proves to be satisfactory for packet error rates (PER) ranging from 1% to 10% and for video sequences with different content and motion and surpasses that of other EC methods under study.
Multispectral MRI De-noising Using Non-Local Means.

Clinical MRI data is normally corrupted by random noise from the measurement process which reduces the accuracy and reliability of any automatic analysis. For this reason, de-noising methods are often applied to increase the SNR and improve image quality. Most of these methods work on single channel images by correcting each grey level using an implicit model of the surrounding region, but without taking into consideration the potential multispectral nature of MR images. In this paper we present an extension of a recently proposed filter to reduce random noise in multispectral MR images and test it on synthetic and real images. We compare performance to a multispectral approach based upon the imaging physics and published previously at this conference using real data. We conclude from our results that these methods can be used for de-noising of MR data.
A virtual loss-load congestion control strategy for high speed networks

This paper evaluates a hybrid congestion control strategy called the Virtual Loss-Load model. The approach combines the leaky bucket traffic shaper (a preventive congestion control mechanism) with the loss-load model (a reactive congestion control mechanism). Simulation is used to evaluate the virtual loss-load model, and to compare its performance to that of other reactive congestion control strategies from the literature. The evaluation is done using a benchmark suite of network scenarios proposed by Kanakia, Keshav and Mishra. The performance metrics used in the evaluation are file transfer time and packet loss probability.The simulation results show that the virtual loss-load model is an effective congestion control strategy, providing performance comparable to several other reactive congestion control strategies. While transient effects due to dynamic changes in cross traffic result in significantly higher packet loss than expected in the virtual loss-load model, the parameters of the virtual loss-load model make it directly tunable to trade off packet loss and file transfer time.
The effect of Mesnevî supported values education on the attitudes of 4th grade students in primary school

The aim of this study is to define the effect of Mesnevî Supported Values Education on the attitudes of 4th grade students in primary school towards the values such as Hospitality, Philanthropy, Patriotism, Giving Importance to the Family Unity and Tolerance. The experimental method including pretest and posttest experimental and control groups was used in order to demonstrate the differences between the attitudes of the experimental group Education was applied and the control group on which Mesnevî Supported Values Education was not applied. The data has been gathered by using attitude scale and interview forms developed by the researchers in this study. In the results obtained by analysing the data, after the application, a significant difference in favor of the experimental group between the attitude scores regarding values such as Hospitality, Philanthropy, Patriotism, Giving Importance to the Family Unity and Tolerance was found between experimental and control groups. No significant difference between the attitude scores of experimental and control groups was found in according to gender, educational background and level of income of parents. In the interviews, it is found that Mesnevî Supported Values Education application objectifies the process of value education, makes value learning easy and has a positive impact on the attitudes of students towards values.
Comparison of Hanson Intervallic Representations for Music Information Retrieval

The melodic similarity is an important concept to consider in music information retrieval. Among the possible applications a number of content-based systems may be developed for copyright management, plagiarism detection, computer-aided composition, etc., and the intervallic analysis is an essential tool for these applications. There exist several techniques exposed in melodic similarity that use diverse statistical and probabilistic analysis. The objective in this work is to establish a text words equivalent to musical notation using three representations based on simple intervallic relationships, rhythmics and durations, and to evaluate a textual information retrieval technique applied to these representations, as well as to propose changes to improve the system precision and recall
3-D Human Tracking Based on Particle Filter

A 3-D human tracking method based on particle filter is introduced in this paper. In this method, firstly the face area of the human is extracted based on a skin model and template matching with standard human face from recorded 2-D video images. Then 2-D face positions in the video images are converted to 3-D world coordinates through the calibration parameters. Finally these 3-D position estimates are fed to a 3-D visual-tracker, and both position and velocity of the human can be obtained from the 3-D tracker for further applications, such as teleconference and human motion analysis. Simulations are performed to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Identifying Cascading Errors using Constraints in Dependency Parsing

Dependency parsers are usually evaluated on attachment accuracy. Whilst easily interpreted, the metric does not illustrate the cascading impact of errors, where the parser chooses an incorrect arc, and is subsequently forced to choose further incorrect arcs elsewhere in the parse. We apply arc-level constraints to MSTparser and ZPar, enforcing the correct analysis of specific error classes, whilst otherwise continuing with decoding. We investigate the direct and indirect impact of applying constraints to the parser. Erroneous NP and punctuation attachments cause the most cascading errors, while incorrect PP and coordination attachments are frequent but less influential. Punctuation is especially challenging, as it has long been ignored in parsing, and serves a variety of disparate syntactic roles.
AP-Tree: Efficiently support continuous spatial-keyword queries over stream

We investigate the problem of processing a large amount of continuous spatial-keyword queries over streaming data, which is essential in many applications such as location-based recommendation and advertising, thanks to the proliferation of geo-equipped devices and the ensuing location-based social media applications. For example, a location-based e-coupon system may allow potentially millions of users to register their continuous spatial-keyword queries (e.g., interests in nearby sales) by specifying a set of keywords and a spatial region; the system then delivers each incoming spatial-textual object (e.g., a geo-tagged e-coupon) to all the matched queries (i.e., users) whose spatial and textual requirements are satisfied. While there are several prior approaches aiming at providing efficient query processing techniques for the problem, their approaches belong to spatial-first indexing method which cannot well exploit the keyword distribution. In addition, their textual filtering techniques are built upon simple variants of traditional inverted indexes, which do not perform well for the textual constraint imposed by the problem. In this paper, we address the above limitations and provide a highly efficient solution based on a novel adaptive index, named AP-Tree. The AP-Tree adaptively groups registered queries using keyword and spatial partitions, guided by a cost model. The AP-Tree also naturally indexes ordered keyword combinations. We present index construction algorithm that seamlessly and effectively integrates keyword and spatial partitions. Consequently, our method adapts well to the underlying spatial and keyword distributions of the data. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that AP-Tree achieves up to an order of magnitude improvement on efficiency compared with prior state-of-the-art methods.
Behavioral Modulation of Tactile Responses in the Rat Somatosensory System

We investigated the influence of four different behavioral states on tactile responses recorded simultaneously via arrays of microwires chronically implanted in the vibrissal representations of the rat ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPM) of the thalamus and the primary somatosensory cortex (SI). Brief (100 μsec) electrical stimuli delivered via a cuff electrode to the infraorbital nerve yielded robust sensory responses in VPM and SI during states of quiet immobility. However, significant reductions in tactile response magnitude and latency were observed in VPM and SI during large-amplitude, exploratory movements of the whiskers (at ∼4–6 Hz). During small-amplitude, 7–12 Hz whisker-twitching movements, a significant reduction in SI response magnitude and an increase in VPM and SI response latencies were observed as well. When pairs of stimuli with interstimulus intervals <100 msec were delivered during quiet immobility, the response to the second stimulus in the pair was reduced and occurred at a longer latency compared with the response to the first stimulus. In contrast, during large-amplitude whisker movements and general motor activity, paired stimuli yielded similar sensory responses at interstimulus intervals >25 msec. These response patterns were correlated with the amount and duration of postexcitatory firing suppression observed in VPM and SI during each of these behaviors. On the basis of these results, we propose that sensory responses are dynamically modulated during active tactile exploration to optimize detection of different types of stimuli. During quiet immobility, the somatosensory system seems to be optimally tuned to detect the presence of single stimuli. In contrast, during whisker movements and other exploratory behaviors, the system is primed to detect the occurrence of rapid sequences of tactile stimuli, which are likely to be generated by multiple whisker contacts with objects during exploratory activity.
IT Security Protection at Field Level of Industrial Automation Systems

Current industrial automation systems are virtually unprotected against attacks on IT security at field level, especially if an attacker is able to connect physically to field buses or field devices. Due to resource limitations, existing protective mechanisms can not be deployed to the embedded systems of which the field level is composed. In this contribution, threats against distributed embedded systems at field level are depicted and a concept to protect the field level against such threats is deduced. The concept comprises of several protection functionalities and the mechanisms that are necessary to generate these functionalities. The mechanisms are aligned in a hierarchical structure, which provides security by cooperation of these mechanisms and enables a high degree of adaptability. Additionally, a component-based way to realize the concept is described, which allows for resource-saving implementation, in spite of high software quality and flexibility.