Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE Original Studies Staged Carotid Artery Stenting and Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Initial Results From a Single Center

The objective of this study was to assess the clinical course of patients undergoing planned percutaneous carotid stenting followed by staged coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Coexisting carotid and coronary atherosclerotic disease is relatively common. A combined or staged surgical approach has a composite stroke, myocardial infarction, or death rate of > 10%. We performed a retrospective search of our singleinstitution database to identify all patients scheduled to undergo staged carotid stenting followed by CABG. Twenty-three such patients (17 males, 6 females) were identified, with 3/23 (13%) requiring bilateral carotid stenting. Most carotid lesions were asymptomatic (18/26; 69.2%) and severe (mean stenosis, 82.9% 6 8.6%). Stents were successfully placed in 26/26 carotid arteries (100%). One stent procedure (1/26; 3.8%) resulted in a minor stroke, but full recovery occurred within 1 week. There were no other peri-stenting complications. Three patents (3/23; 13%), none of whom suffered an adverse event at carotid stenting, elected not to undergo CABG. The mean interval from last carotid stent to CABG was 69.6 6 39.6 days (range, 8–157 days). Antiplatelet therapy was ceased > 3 days prior to CABG in 10/20 patients (50%), but continued until surgery in the remainder. There were no peri-CABG bleeding or neurological complications, but one myocardial infarction occurred (1/20; 5%). Therefore, of the 20 patients who underwent planned carotid stenting followed by CABG, our overall rate of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction was 10%. However, our rate of death, persistent stroke or myocardial infarction was 5%. Planned carotid stenting followed by staged CABG is a viable method of treatment for patients with coexistent carotid and coronary atherosclerosis. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Markers of Deception in Italian Speech

Lying is a universal activity and the detection of lying a universal concern. Presently, there is great interest in determining objective measures of deception. The examination of speech, in particular, holds promise in this regard; yet, most of what we know about the relationship between speech and lying is based on the assessment of English speaking participants. Few studies have examined indicators of deception in languages other than English. The world’s languages differ in significant ways, and cross-linguistic studies of deceptive communications are a research imperative. Here we review some of these differences amongst the world’s languages, and provide an overview of a number of recent studies demonstrating that cross-linguistic research is a worthwhile endeavor. In addition, we report the results of an empirical investigation of pitch, response latency, and speech rate as cues to deception in Italian speech. True and false opinions were elicited in an audio-taped interview. A within-subjects analysis revealed no significant difference between the average pitch of the two conditions; however, speech rate was significantly slower, while response latency was longer, during deception compared with truth-telling. We explore the implications of these findings and propose directions for future research, with the aim of expanding the cross-linguistic branch of research on markers of deception.
CORRELATED TOPIC MODEL DETAILS

The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model by Blei et al [BNJ02] is a generative model for a collection of exchangeable discrete data. LDA has mainly been used to model text corpora, where the notion of exchangeability corresponds to the “bag-of-words” assumption that is commonly employed in such models. More recently, Sivic et al [SRE05] and Li and Perona [FFP05] have applied the model to collections of images, where the “visual words” correspond to quantized local feature vectors. The model is simplest to describe for text corpora. In a nutshell, LDA models each document as a mixture over topics, where each vector of mixture proportions is assumed to have been drawn from a Dirichlet distribution. A topic in this model is defined to be a discrete distribution over words from some finite lexicon. For example, if a topic is “astrophysics”, then the word “quasar” would presumably be assigned a higher probability than the word “burrito”. More precisely, let D be a collection of M documents and w be a document with words w1, . , wn. We assume that each word corresponds to one of K possible topics, and that for each word, there is a latent topic assignment zi which takes on values 1, . ,K, indexing into the set of topics. By convention, we will represent zi by a K dimensional vector with one component set to one indicating its value in 1, . ,K and the rest set to zero. The generative process is as follows:
Dietary fructo-oligosaccharides and lactulose inhibit intestinal colonisation but stimulate translocation of salmonella in rats

Background and aims: It is frequently assumed that dietary non-digestible carbohydrates improve host resistance to intestinal infections by stimulating the protective gut microflora. However, compelling scientific evidence from in vivo infection studies is lacking. Therefore, we studied the effect of several non-digestible carbohydrates on the resistance of rats to Salmonella enteritidis infection. Methods: Rats (n=8 per group) were fed “humanised” purified diets containing 4% lactulose, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), resistant starch, wheat fibre, or cellulose. After an adaptation period of 2 weeks the animals were orally infected with S enteritidis. Supplement induced changes in faecal biochemical and microbiological parameters were studied before infection. Colonisation of salmonella was determined by studying the faecal excretion of this pathogen and translocation by analysis of urinary nitric oxide metabolites over time and classical organ cultures. Intestinal mucosal myeloperoxidase activity was determined to quantify intestinal inflammation after infection. Results: Despite stimulation of intestinal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and inhibition of salmonella colonisation, FOS and lactulose significantly enhanced translocation of this pathogen. These supplements also increased cytotoxicity of faecal water and faecal mucin excretion, which may reflect mucosal irritation. In addition, caecal and colonic, but not ileal, mucosal myeloperoxidase activity was increased in infected rats fed FOS and lactulose. In contrast, cellulose, wheat fibre, and resistant starch did not affect the resistance to salmonella. Conclusions: In contrast to most expectations, FOS and lactulose impair the resistance of rats to intestinal salmonella infection. Obviously, stimulation of the endogenous lactobacilli and bifidobacteria is no guarantee of improved host defence against intestinal infections.
Peer effects and selection effects in youth smoking

A number of studies have indicated that peer behavior is a highly influential factor in a youth’s decision to smoke, and public health policymakers take these results seriously. However, these results are suspect because most fail to account for selection effects. This paper develops an econometric model of youth smoking which incorporates both peer effects and selection effects. Identification is achieved by using the degree of selection on observables as a proxy for the degree of selection on unobservables. The results indicate that peers are substantially less influenced by their peers than reduced-form models suggest.
Rejoinder to “Comments on one-warehouse multiple retailer systems with vehicle routing costs”

inventory would vary from 2,u, at the moment a shipment is received, down to zero, immediately prior to the next shipment. Average long-run inventory cost would be h + per week. According to equation (1), the inventory cost associated with the retailer would be 2h +,u: a cost of h + would be counted for each of the retailer's two tours (f = I ). It would be as though both vehicles delivered their shipments at the same time, every other week. That is, two shipments of size 2,u would arrive one week, none the second, and two shipments again the following week. The objective function, as formulated, underestimates the benefit of assigning a retailer to multiple tours. In an optimal solution, retailers facing high demands should be assigned to multiple tours, and visited frequently, as a way of reducing inventory costs. Retailers facing low demands should not be assigned to multiple tours. Hence, they would be visited infrequently. The frequency at which any given tour is covered can vary enormously, depending on the combination of retailers assigned, and the relative frequencies at which the retailers are visited. Hence, the algorithm presented in the paper negates a major benefit of assigning retailers to multiple tours.
Learning Term to Concept Mapping Through Verbs: A Case Study

We propose in this paper an approach to learn term to concept mapping with the joint utilization of verb relations and an existing ontology. This is a non-supervised solution that can be applied to any field for which an ontology modeling verbs as relations holding between the concepts was already created. Conceptual graphs, representing a set of verb relations, are learned from a natural language corpus by using part-of-speech information and statistic measures. Labeling strategies are proposed to assign terms of the corpus to concepts of the ontology by taking into account the structure of the ontology and the extracted conceptual graphs. Results of this assignation could be used to automatically create semantic annotations of documents. A first experimentation in the field of accidentology was done and its results are also presented.
Genetic Algorithm based on a Pareto Neighborhood Search for Multiobjective Optimization

| In this paper, we examine the performance of a genetic algorithm based on a Pareto neighborhood search for multiobjective optimization. The purpose of the proposed method is to generate a set of non-dominated solutions that is properly distributed in the neighborhood of the trade-o surface. Simulation results show that the GA based on the proposed method has good performances better than the traditional GA approaches for several multiobjective owshop scheduling problems.
Carboplatin in combination therapy for metastatic breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Anthracycline-based regimens have a limited role in patients with metastatic breast cancer due to cumulative cardiotoxicity and their common use in adjuvant chemotherapy. New nonanthracycline regimens are, therefore, needed for metastatic disease. Single-agent carboplatin is active in patients with previously untreated metastatic breast cancer, producing response rates of 20%-35%. Preclinical studies have demonstrated synergistic antitumor efficacy of carboplatin and trastuzumab in HER2(+) models. METHODS Phase II and III clinical trial data of combination therapy with carboplatin (Paraplatin; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Princeton, NJ), a taxane, and/or trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, Inc.; South San Francisco, CA) in metastatic breast cancer were identified from multiple sources, including: A) clinical trial data published in peer-reviewed journals within the last 5 years; B) preliminary clinical trial data from abstracts recently presented at national meetings; and C) phase III protocols currently evaluating carboplatin-based combination regimens. RESULTS In several phase II studies, combination carboplatin and paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb) therapy was active and reasonably well tolerated in the first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer, producing objective response rates of 53%-62%-substantially higher rates than those seen in other phase II trials of either drug alone. Similar phase II data for carboplatin with docetaxel (Taxotere; Aventis; Bridgewater, NJ) have been reported, and recent phase III data suggest that adding carboplatin to a paclitaxel/trastuzumab regimen produces superior efficacy than paclitaxel/trastuzumab alone for patients with HER2(+) metastatic disease. Drug scheduling plays an important role in the therapeutic ratio of this combination treatment. CONCLUSIONS Incorporation of carboplatin as a standard agent in first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer has support from several recent studies. Preliminary results of combination carboplatin/taxane therapy with trastuzumab in metastatic disease are encouraging, and other carboplatin combinations are also being investigated in other phase II and III trials in patients selected based on the HER2 status of their cancer. Results are eagerly awaited.
Policy, Cultural, and Ideological Influences on the Career Paths of Teachers of English in French Higher Education

l_extranjera/egb3/nnal.jsp? url=LX_MD/LE_03_MD. HTML&:area=13&nivel= 4&id=109141&tipo=92269&199&contenido=199 Bogdan, R. , & Biklen, S. K. (2003). Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theory and methods (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Cadavid, I. , McNulty, M. , & Quinchia, D. (2004). Elementary English language instruction: Colombian teachers' classroom practices. Profile, 5, 37-55. Comision Nacional de Evaluation y Acreditacion Universitaria. (2005). Ley Federal de Educacion No. 24.194. [Federal Law of Education No. 24.194]. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Author. Retrieved August 16, 2007, from http://www.coneau. edu.ar/ index.php? item=16&apps=32 Consejo Federal de Cultura de Educacion. (1998). Acuerdo Marco para la Ensenanza de Lenguas (A-15). Anexo I. Resolucion 66/97. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Author. Available from http://www.me. gov.ar/consejo/resoluciones/res97/ane-re66.pdf Delgado, M. (2002). Implementation de la transformation educativa en las escuelas rurales de la privincia de Buenos Aires. FLACSO: Argentina, Ediciones Novedades Educativas. Revista Propuesta Educativa No 25, Ano XII, 76-83. Ministerio de Educacion, Ciencia y Tecnologia de al Nacion Argentina. (2006). Ley National de Educacion No. 26.206 [National Education Law No 26.206]. Available from http://www.me. gov.ar/ Rossetti, M. (1997). Education reform brings new challenges to Argentina. American Language Review, 1. Retrieved April 29, 2004, from http://www.languagemagazine . com/internetedition/nd97/fer33.html Snow, M. A. , Cortes, V. , & Pron, A. (1998). EFL and education reform: Content-based interaction in Argentina. FORUM, 36. Retrieved December 10, 2006, from http:// exchanges.state. gov/forum/vols/vol36/nol/plO.htm Tocalli-Beller, A. (2007). ELT and bilingual education in Argentina. In J. Cummins 8c C. Davison (Eds.), International handbook of English teaching (pp. 107-122). New York: Springer.
Fault-tolerant meshes with minimal numbers of spares

Presents several techniques for adding fault-tolerance to distributed memory parallel computers. More formally, given a target graph with n nodes, the authors create as fault-tolerant graph with n+k nodes such that given any set of k or fewer faulty nodes, the remaining graph is guaranteed to contain the target graph as a fault-free subgraph. As a result, any algorithm designed for the target graph will run with no slowdown in the presence of k or fewer node faults, regardless of their distribution. The authors present fault-tolerant graphs for target graphs which are 2-dimensional meshes, tori, eight-connected meshes and hexagonal meshes. In all cases these fault-tolerant graphs have smaller degree than any previously known graphs with the same properties. <<ETX>>
Spectral clustering method for high dimensional data based on K-SVD

Aimed at solving the problem that traditional clustering methods are vulnerable to the sparsity feature of the high dimensional data, a spectral clustering algorithm is proposed based on K-SVD dictionary learning. The algorithm firstly learns a dictionary by K-SVD and obtains sparse representation coefficients of all data samples in the dictionary by l1 sparse optimization. Then the similarity matrix between data samples is constructed through standardization and symmetrization of the solution to coefficients matrix. At last, we cluster the high dimensional data using spectral clustering algorithm with the similarity matrix as input. Empirical tests show that the algorithm proposed outperforms the spectral clustering algorithm based on sparse representation and traditional k-means in clustering accuracy, false alarm rate and detection rate.
A practical guide to effective behavior change: How to apply theory- and evidence-based behavior change methods in an intervention

In this brief accessible introduction, an overview is provided of how to apply theory- and evidence-based methods for behavior change when developing a behavior change intervention. It is the second part of a two-piece introduction to effective behavior change, the first part of which is called "A practical guide to effective behavior change: How to identify what to change in the first place".
Typed closure conversion preserves observational equivalence

Language-based security relies on the assumption that all potential attacks are bound by the rules of the language in question. When programs are compiled into a different language, this is true only if the translation process preserves observational equivalence. We investigate the problem of fully abstract compilation, i.e., compilation that both preserves and reflects observational equivalence. In particular, we prove that typed closure conversion for the polymorphic »-calculus with existential and recursive types is fully abstract. Our proof uses operational techniques in the form of a step-indexed logical relation and construction of certain wrapper terms that "back-translate" from target values to source values. Although typed closure conversion has been assumed to be fully abstract, we are not aware of any previous result that actually proves this.
The Escherichia coli GTPase CgtAE Is Involved in Late Steps of Large Ribosome Assembly

ABSTRACT The bacterial ribosome is an extremely complicated macromolecular complex the in vivo biogenesis of which is poorly understood. Although several bona fide assembly factors have been identified, their precise functions and temporal relationships are not clearly defined. Here we describe the involvement of an Escherichia coli GTPase, CgtAE, in late steps of large ribosomal subunit biogenesis. CgtAE belongs to the Obg/CgtA GTPase subfamily, whose highly conserved members are predominantly involved in ribosome function. Mutations in CgtAE cause both polysome and rRNA processing defects; small- and large-subunit precursor rRNAs accumulate in a cgtAE mutant. In this study we apply a new semiquantitative proteomic approach to show that CgtAE is required for optimal incorporation of certain late-assembly ribosomal proteins into the large ribosomal subunit. Moreover, we demonstrate the interaction with the 50S ribosomal subunits of specific nonribosomal proteins (including heretofore uncharacterized proteins) and define possible temporal relationships between these proteins and CgtAE. We also show that purified CgtAE associates with purified ribosomal particles in the GTP-bound form. Finally, CgtAE cofractionates with the mature 50S but not with intermediate particles accumulated in other large ribosome assembly mutants.
Centromere-Like Regions in the Budding Yeast Genome

Accurate chromosome segregation requires centromeres (CENs), the DNA sequences where kinetochores form, to attach chromosomes to microtubules. In contrast to most eukaryotes, which have broad centromeres, Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses sequence-defined point CENs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP–Seq) reveals colocalization of four kinetochore proteins at novel, discrete, non-centromeric regions, especially when levels of the centromeric histone H3 variant, Cse4 (a.k.a. CENP-A or CenH3), are elevated. These regions of overlapping protein binding enhance the segregation of plasmids and chromosomes and have thus been termed Centromere-Like Regions (CLRs). CLRs form in close proximity to S. cerevisiae CENs and share characteristics typical of both point and regional CENs. CLR sequences are conserved among related budding yeasts. Many genomic features characteristic of CLRs are also associated with these conserved homologous sequences from closely related budding yeasts. These studies provide general and important insights into the origin and evolution of centromeres.
Not For Me: Older Adults Choosing Not to Participate in a Social Isolation Intervention

This paper considers what we can learn from the experiences of people who choose not to participate in technology-based social interventions. We conducted ethnographically-informed field studies with socially isolated older adults, who used and evaluated a new iPad application designed to help build new social connections. In this paper we reflect on how the values and assumptions guiding the technological intervention were not always shared by those participating in the evaluation. Drawing on our field notes and interviews with the older adults who chose to discontinue participation, we use personas to illustrate the complexities and tensions involved in individual decisions to not participate. This analysis contributes to HCI research calling for a more critical perspective on technological interventions. We provide detailed examples highlighting the complex circumstances of our non-participants' lives, present a framework that outlines the socio-technical context of non-participation, and use our findings to promote reflective practice in HCI research that aims to address complex social issues.
Dimensions of Interpersonal Orientation: Description and Construct Validation of the Spanish Assessment Kit

Studies carried out using the Spanish assessment instrument known as the Socialization Battery (or BAS) showed a two-level structure: six firstorder components arc organized at a higher level in an oblique two-factor solution, one axis being "Sociability versus Unsociability" and the other "Prosocial versus Antisocial Behavior. " In order to further analyze these constructs, a new assessment kit called Dimensions of Interpersonal Orientation (Spanish: Dimensiones de Orientation Interpersonal or DOI) was developed. The DOI kit includes both self-reports and other-reports, and can be applied to both older children or adolescents and adults. The first task of this study was to see whether the structure mentioned above (originally found in youngsters' self-reports) is replicated along the four content-equivalent forms of the DOI kit. The second and more important aim luas to examine the construct validity by means ofmultitrait-multimethod matrices. Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed in youngsters (N = 562) and in adults (N = 585), using both traditional and current strategies. Results of all structural analyses are encouraging: the DOl's first- and second-order structures are well supported.