Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards the Automatic Estimation of Time Delays of Gravitational Lenses

Abstract Estimation of time delays from a noisy and gapped data is one of the simplest data analysis problems in astronomy by its formulation. But as history of real experiments show, the work with observed datasets can be quite complex and evolved. By analyzing in detail previous attempts to build delay estimation algorithms we try to develop an automatic and robust procedure to perform the task. To evaluate and compare different variants of the algorithms we use real observed datasets which have been objects of past controversies. In this way we hope to select the methods and procedures which have highest probability to succeed in complex situations. As a result of our investigations, we propose an estimation procedure which can be used as a method of choice in large photometric experiments. We cannot claim that the proposed methodology works with any reasonably well sampled input dataset. However we hope that the steps taken are in correct direction and the developed software will be useful for observational astronomers.
AN INTERFACE BETWEEN A NEAR-FIELD ACQUISITION SYSTEM AND ACTIVE ARRAYS WITH DIGITAL BEAMFORMERS

Phased-array antennas have always presented challenges in their interface to an acquisition system. Active arrays, especially those with a Digital BeamFormer (DBF), further complicate this interface. Whereas a passive phased array might be readily controlled with a simple digital code from the acquisition system, an active array tends to require more sophisticated communication to exercise the capabilities that must be tested. Furthermore, a DBF has receivers built into the array, and the simultaneous readings on these multiple receivers represent the data to be stored by the acquisition system vs. position and frequency. The increased complexity of an active array's transmit beams by itself elevates the need for an interface between the array and the acquisition system. With the embedded receivers of a DBF, however, standard antenna testing of a DBF becomes nearly impossible without such an interface. MI Technologies has developed a reasonably general interface between its acquisition system and active arrays with digital beamformers. MI has produced minor variations of this interface for multiple customers, and these customers will each use the interface to test multiple types of DBF active arrays. This paper discusses the challenges, capabilities, and architecture of this interface.
Empirical Analysis of Joint Impact of Enterprise Risk Management and Corporate Governance on Firm Value

This paper analyzes simultaneity and endogeneity of ERM and Corporate Governance. It assesses quantitative relationship between Corporate Governance, ERM and value of the firm. The research results provide quantitative justifications for the boards to make investments in ERM and Corporate Governance initiatives for improved shareholder wealth. 3SLS-IV system modelling was applied on 2004-11 data of Gulf Cooperation Council financial institutions. Our research confirms the simultaneity and endogeneity of Corporate Governance, ERM and Firm Value determinants. Firm value is jointly and positively impacted by ERM & Corporate Governance initiatives although the impact was less significant. Unexpectedly, ERM initiative was significantly and negatively impacted by determinants such as intangibility, and profitability. Firm size was the only determinant that showed significant and positive impact on firm value. Relative to UAE the corporate governance mechanism was active in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman firms. Further, the existence of audit committees in the GCC firm’s boards and ERM adoption significantly positively impacted the corporate governance by 3.42% and 1.7239% respectively. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Enterprise Risk Management, Firm Value, Simultaneity, Endogeneity, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies. JEL codes: C15, C21, C51, D57, F30, G21, G32, G34, K22, L21, M31, M41, N25, O16
การด�าเนินงาน การเงิน และสภาพแวดล้อมทีย่ั่งยืน THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG LEADERSHIPSTYLE , LEAN MANUFACTURING PRACTICE , OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE , FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE , AND SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationships among leadership style, lean manufacturing practice, operational performance, financial performance, and sustainable performance; thereby, the study was conducted and accomplished by means of mixed methods. Considering the quantitative approach, a survey was conducted with 293 current middle and top managers working in Thai manufacturing industry. Demographic data was analyzed by descriptive statistics while relationships among variables were tested by structural equation modeling. The findings reported that there was a significant different level of lean manufacturing practice between the small and medium companies and the large companies. The small and medium firms applied lean manufacturing practice at some extent whereas the large ones applied lean manufacturing practice at extensive extent. In addition, the findings revealed that there were positive relationships between transactional leadership and lean manufacturing practice, sustainable leadership and lean manufacturing practice, passive avoidant and lean manufacturing practice, lean manufacturing practice and return on equity, lean manufacturing practice and operational performance, lean manufacturing practice and financial performance, and lean manufacturing practice and environmental and social performance. The result further revealed that both structural and path level were not different across the types of industry and sizes of company. Qualitative approach was carried out by in-depth interview with 40 current middle and top managers working in small, medium, and large manufacturing companies. According to the complexity of business competition; thus, organization did not need to be changed. Therefore, the managers were interested in exchanging opinion and providing rewards with employees and rather than inspiring them to be changed. Moreover, the large companies focused more on lean manufacturing practice rather than smaller companies, which confirmed the quantitative result.
Estimation of component spectral curves from unknown mixture spectra.

In this paper, we propose a method which uniquely determines a set of single curves, each as an estimate of a component spectrum. No reference spectrum from a library is necessary; the spectrum set of mixtures of unknown components with various concentrations is used for the estimation of component spectral curves. The method is based on entropy minimization. In comparison with an earlier method [ Appl. Opt.22, 3599 ( 1983)], which gives the bands of the possible component spectra, this method has the advantage of providing a unique estimation of the component spectra, which helps chemists with quantitative analysis and further mathematical processing. Two experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method: for infrared absorption spectra of xylene isomers and visible absorption spectra of dyes.
Regulation of fetal hemoglobin synthesis in sickle cell anemia.

Recent evidence demonstrates that the hemoglobin S gene arose on multiple chromosomes and that it appeared on at least three occasions in geographically segregated regions of Africa (1, 2). Genetically defined forms of sickle cell anemia have been associated with distinct clinical and hematologic characteristics (3-5). The molecular bases of the clinical diversity of sickle cell anemia and of the widely varying amounts of circulating fetal hemoglobin observed in the disorder remains uncertain. Some recent information has provided potentially important clues. A specific pattern of restriction endonuclease digestion of the 5' region of the A globin gene cluster, ++-++, has been associated with increased HbF production in Saudi sickle cell anemia (68) and in Jamaican sickle cell anemia families of mixed Asian African origin (9). A cytosine to thymidine (C -T) substitution at position -158 5' to the G globin gene (detectable by digestion with the enzyme XmnI) has been associated with high HbF expression and this haplotype in sickle cell anemia and ,B thalassemia (8, 10, 11). We have recently studied sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients from the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia (6). These patients have mild disease and are also atypical because of their markedly elevated fetal hemoglobin levels (18-25% HbF [6, 12-14]), compared to mean levels of 5-10% in Jamaican or American SCA patients of African origin (15, 16). The cause of the increased fetal hemoglobin production in these Saudis is not known, but classical deletion or non-deletion hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) is not involved since parents do not have elevated circulating hemoglobin F levels (13). Analysis of the capacity of individuals to produce hemoglobin F in progenitor-derived erythroid cells (the HbF program) has demonstrated that the ability to produce increased HbF is inherited and strongly influences circulating HbF levels
Protective measures and vulnerability indices for the Enhanced Critical Infrastructure Protection Programme

Argonne National Laboratory in partnership with the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has developed a methodology to systematically evaluate the protection posture and vulnerability of critical infrastructure and key resources (CIKR). This vulnerability methodology is part of a larger effort by DHS called the Enhanced Critical Infrastructure Protection Programme, which seeks to mitigate vulnerabilities, enhance relationships, and improve information sharing between public and private entities. This methodology was constructed to be used in all CIKR sectors and to provide useful results to owners and operators of US facilities. The vulnerability index is also being used to assist DHS in analysing sector and subsector vulnerabilities, to identify potential ways to reduce vulnerabilities, and to assist in preparing sector risk estimates. The owner/operator also receives an analysis of the data collected for a specific asset, which gives an indication of the asset's strengths and weaknesses with regard to security.
Interspecific variation in mitochondrial serine transfer RNA (UCN) in Euptychiina butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae): Structure and alignment

The nucleotide variation and structural patterns of mitochondrial RNA molecule have been proposed as useful tools in molecular systematics; however, their usefulness is always subject to a proper assessment of homology in the sequence alignment. The present study describes the secondary structure of mitochondrial tRNA for the amino acid serine (UCN) on 13 Euptychiina species and the evaluation of its potential use for evolutionary studies in this group of butterflies. The secondary structure of tRNAs showed variation among the included species except between Hermeuptychia sp1 and sp2. Variation was concentrated in the ribotimidina-pseudouridine-cystosine (TψC), dihydrouridine (DHU) and variable loops and in the DHU and TψC arms. These results suggest this region as a potential marker useful for taxonomic differentiation of species in this group and also confirm the importance of including information from the secondary structure of tRNA to optimize the alignments.
Advanced Positioner Control Techniques in Antenna Measurements

Antenna, Radome, and RCS measurement systems rely on high-fidelity positioner systems to provide high-precision positioning of measurement articles. The industry currently relies on linear PID control techniques in current, velocity, and position control loops on individual axes to drive the positioners. Recent control advancements have been made in the use of position feedback devices, brushless DC motors, VFD AC motors, and multi-drive torque-biased actuation along with high-speed computing in all digital controllers. Current advanced control techniques including open-loop error correction and multi-axis global error compensation have been implemented to improve positioner accuracy. Here, an assessment is conducted on the viability of advanced control techniques in similar positioner industries to provide insight into the potential future control and capabilities of positioning systems in the RF measurement industry. Candidate advanced techniques include closed-loop error compensation using laser feedback devices to provide superior positioning accuracy. Input-shaping and feedforward model-based techniques could help suppress dynamic vibrations and nonlinear behavior to improve dynamic tracking for improved continuous-measurement scanning accuracy. Gain scheduling and sliding-mode control could provide improved motion over a wider range of conditions to maintain scanning
Fuzzy clustering of large-scale data sets using Principal Component Analysis

To effectively exploit large-scale data sets using a limited storage space, it is necessary to find a special treatment which reduces them. There are certain methods with this intention. We can quote clustering method. However, this method proves its limits in the case of large-scale data sets. In this paper, we propose to reduce the workspace using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We work with fuzzy clustering of a data set in which users don't know the optimal number of clusters to be generated. We proved the effectiveness of the preprocessing use of this technique before any clustering operation.
The effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) treatment at elevated temperatures on murine fibrosarcoma, FSa-II.

The effect of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cis-DDP) on the murine fibrosarcoma cells was investigated in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro experiments tumour cell suspensions containing a given amount of cis-DDP were treated in water bath maintained at a desired temperature, and cell survival was determined by the lung colony assay. The D0 or the time to reduce survival from 1.0 to 0.37 on the exponential portion of the survival curve was determined and 1/D0 was plotted as a function of 1/T, where T stands for the absolute temperature. The slope of this Arrhenius plot indicated that the activation energy for chemical reaction of cis-DDP was 44 kcal/M between the temperature range from 37 to 41 degrees C. For in vivo experiments tumours were transplanted into the foot and treated by immersing the animal foot into a water bath when each tumour reached an average diameter of 4 mm (35 mm3). The drug was injected i.p. immediately before hyperthermia. The tumour growth (TG) time or the time required for a tumour to reach 1000 mm3 from the treatment day was determined, and the median TG time was obtained by logit analysis. Dose-response curves between the TG time and drug dose indicated that the cytotoxic effect of cis-DDP was enhanced at elevated temperatures. This enhancement increased with increasing temperature from room temperature to 43.5 degrees C. Because of short plasma half-time of cis-DDP, continuous infusion and pulse injections were attempted. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Arabic version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to translate the original English version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) into an Arabic version, and to test the validity and reliability of the translated instrument (GOHAI-Ar) for use among the elderly in Saudi Arabia. METHODS The 12-item GOHAI was translated into Arabic using the back-translation technique and performing a preliminary test to determine the comprehensibility and readability of the Arabic language version. A total of 156 elderly patients answered the questionnaire, and underwent a clinical examination by one calibrated dentist. Information on subjects' socio-demographic background and oral health conditions was collected. Convergent validity was evaluated by identifying the associations between perceived oral health status, general health status, perceived need for dental care and GOHAI-Ar scores. Discriminant validity was examined by comparing the GOHAI-Ar scores and six oral health parameters. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted kappa. Factor structure of GOHAI-Ar was evaluated using principal component factor analysis. RESULTS The mean GOHAI-Ar was 32.1 (SD 12.2; range 11-59). Mean GOHAI-Ar scores were higher for the elderly who rated their oral and general health as good. Subjects with perceived dental treatment needs had a lower mean GOHAI-Ar score than those without any such needs. The caries experience, number of missing teeth, OHI-S score, number of pathologically mobile teeth and number of oral lesions were negatively correlated with the GOHAI-Ar score. The Cronbach's alpha (0.93) indicated a high degree of internal consistency and homogeneity between items. The ICC for GOHAI-Ar was 0.95, the weighted kappa coefficient for individual items varied between 0.42 and 0.71, and the correlation coefficients for the 12 items were above 0.70. Factor analysis didn't support the expected dimensions of the index, and only one factor was found at eigenvalue greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest an excellent reliability and validity of GOHAI-Ar. Further research is needed to assess the value of this instrument in oral health-related quality of life studies in Arabic elderly population.
Effect of Temperature on Muscle Metabolism During Submaximal Exercise in Humans

To study the effect of temperature on muscle metabolism during submaximal exercise, six endurance‐trained men had one thigh warmed and the other cooled for 40 min prior to exercise using water‐perfused cuffs. One cuff was perfused with water at 50‐55°C (HL) with the other being perfused with water at 0°C (CL). With the cuffs still in position, subjects performed cycling exercise for 20 min at a work load corresponding to 70% VO2,peak (where VO2,peak is peak pulmonary oxygen uptake) in comfortable ambient conditions (20‐22°C). Muscle biopsies were obtained prior to and following exercise and forearm venous blood was collected prior to and throughout the exercise period. Muscle temperature (Tmus) was not different prior to treatment, but treatment resulted in a large difference in pre‐exercise Tmus (difference = 6·9 ± 0·9°C; P < 0·01). Although this difference was reduced following exercise, it was nonetheless significant (difference = 0·4 ± 0·1°C; P < 0·05). Intramuscular [ATP] was not affected by either exercise or muscle temperature. [Phosphocreatine] decreased (P < 0·01) and [creatine] increased (P < 0·01) with exercise but were not different when comparing HL with CL. Muscle lactate concentration was not different prior to treatment nor following exercise when comparing HL with CL. Muscle glycogen concentration was not different when comparing the trials before treatment, but the post‐exercise value was lower (P < 0·05) in HL compared with CL. Thus, net muscle glycogen use was greater during exercise with heating (208 ± 23 vs. 118 ± 22 mmol kg−1 for HL and CL, respectively; P < 0·05). These data demonstrate that muscle glycogen use is augmented by increases in intramuscular temperature despite no differences in high energy phosphagen metabolism being observed when comparing treatments. This suggests that the increase in carbohydrate utilization occurred as a direct effect of an elevated muscle temperature and was not secondary to allosteric activation of enzymes mediated by a reduced ATP content.
On Automatic Reasoning for Schema Integration

Success in database schema integration depends on the ability to capture real world semantics of the schema objects, and to reason about the semantics. Earlier schema integration approaches mainly rely on heuristics and human reasoning. In this paper, we discuss an approach to automate a significant part of the schema integration process. Our approach consists of three phases. An attribute hierarchy is generated in the first phase. This involves identifying relationships (equality, disjointness and inclusion) among attributes. We discuss a strategy based on user-specified semantic clustering. In the second phase, a classification algorithm based on the semantics of class subsumption is applied to the class definitions and the attribute hierarchy to automatically generate a class taxonomy. This class taxonomy represents a partially integrated schema. In the third phase, the user may employ a set of well-defined comparison operators in conjunction with a set of restructuring operators, to further modify the schema. These operators as well as the automatic reasoning during the second phase are based on subsumption. The formal semantics and automatic reasoning utilized in the second phase is based on a terminological logic as adapted in the CANDIDE data model. Classes are completely defined in terms of attributes and constraints. Our observation is that the inability to completely define attributes and thus completely capture their real world semantics imposes a fundamental limitation on the possibility of automatically reasoning about attribute definitions. This necessitates human reasoning during the first phase of the integration approach.
eview he relationship between neurocognition and social cognition with functional utcomes in schizophrenia : A meta-analys nne -

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The Measurement of Endogenous Higher-Order Formative Composite Variables in PLS-SEM: An Empirical Application from CRM System Development

— In recent methodological articles related to structural equation modeling (SEM), the question of how to measure endogenous formative variables has been raised as an urgent, unresolved issue. This research presents an empirical application from the CRM system development context to test a recently developed technique, which makes it possible to measure endogenous formative constructs in structural models. PLS path modeling is used to demonstrate the feasibility of measuring antecedent relationships at the formative indicator level, not the formative construct level. Empirical results show that this technique is a promising approach to measure antecedent relationships of formative constructs in SEM.
Adolescents, Sleep Deprivation and Externalizing Behaviour - Is There a Connection?

Adolescent adjustment is an area of great interest for parents, schools and not the least for adolescents themselves. Adolescence is a period of avid development in many areas, two of which are critical for youths’ healthy adjustment; sleep and externalizing behaviour. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate whether there is a link between these two areas, and if so, what this looks like. This study is part of the “Three City Study”, a large 5year longitudinalexperimental study conducted at Örebro University. Pupils from junior high schools and high schools in three cities Örebro, Karlskoga, Köping – were recruited. This study uses data from two measurement points including only pupils from 8th grade (N=1553) with a 1 year follow up. Results show that about half of adolescents sleep too little and circa a quarter have clinical levels of insomnia. Boys tend to sleep less and girls tend to have poorer quality sleep. Clinical levels of insomnia significantly predicted several of the externalizing outcome variables such as delinquency, drinking and emotional reactivity. Sleep amount only predicted drinking and insomnia predicted drinking in boys. These results suggest that sleep is indeed implicated in externalizing behaviour among adolescents. Sleep should therefore be targeted in intervention and promotion efforts regarding adolescent healthy development.