Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB

This paper proposes a simple yet accurate technique for the estimation of the time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of- arrival (DOA) for impulse radio UWB systems. We consider the use of array processing for the joint estimation of the TOA and the DOA which, in general, provides robustness and potentially allows positioning with a single reference node. The estimator is based on a fast low complexity frequency domain estimation algorithm for the time-of- arrival, based on the estimation of the power delay spectrum by means of an FFT computation. From the TOA obtained at each array sensor, TOA and DOA are jointly estimated by by performing best linear unbiased estimator.
Optimal illumination for three-image photometric stereo acquisition of texture

1 Andy Spence and Mike Chantler are with the Texture Lab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland ( M.J.Chantler@hw.ac.uk ) Abstract The optimal placement of the illumination for threeimage photometric stereo acquisition of smooth and rough surface textures is derived and verified experimentally. The sensitivities of the scaled surface normal elements are derived and used to provide expressions for the noise variances. An overall figure of merit is developed by considering image-based rendering (i.e. relighting) of Lambertian surfaces. This metric is optimised with respect to the illumination angles. The optimal separation between the tilt angles of successive illumination vectors was found to be 120°. The optimal slant angle was found to be 90° for smooth surface textures and 55° for rough surface textures.
dChipSNP: significance curve and clustering of SNP-array-based loss-of-heterozygosity data

MOTIVATION Oligonucleotide microarrays allow genotyping of thousands of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in parallel. Recently, this technology has been applied to loss-of-heterozygosity (LOH) analysis of paired normal and tumor samples. However, methods and software for analyzing such data are not fully developed. RESULT Here, we report automated methods for pooling SNP array replicates to make LOH calls, visualizing SNP and LOH data along chromosomes in the context of genes and cytobands, making statistical inference to identify shared LOH regions, clustering samples based on LOH profiles and correlating the clustering results to clinical variables. Application of these methods to prostate and breast cancer datasets generates biologically important results. AVAILABILITY The software module dChipSNP implementing these methods is available at http://biosun1.harvard. edu/complab/dchip/snp/ SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The breast cancer data are provided by Andrea L. Richardson, Zhigang C. Wang and James D. Iglehart.
Lung Matrix Metalloproteinase Activation following Partial Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Purpose. Warm hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can lead to multiorgan dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether acute liver I/R does affect the function and/or structure of remote organs such as lung, kidney, and heart via modulation of extracellular matrix remodelling. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min partial hepatic ischemia by clamping the hepatic artery and the portal vein. After a 60 min reperfusion, liver, lung, kidney, and heart biopsies and blood samples were collected. Serum hepatic enzymes, creatinine, urea, Troponin I and TNF-alpha, and tissue matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and morphology were monitored. Results. Serum levels of hepatic enzymes and TNF-alpha were concomitantly increased during hepatic I/R. An increase in hepatic MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities was substantiated by tissue morphology alterations. Notably, acute hepatic I/R affect the lung inasmuch as MMP-9 activity and MPO levels were increased. No difference in MMPs and MPO was observed in kidney and heart. Conclusions. Although the underlying mechanism needs further investigation, this is the first study in which the MMP activation in a distant organ is reported; this event is probably TNF-alpha-mediated and the lung appears as the first remote organ to be involved in hepatic I/R injury.
Brother, Can You Paradigm? Toward a Theory of Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Social Studies

Although research on pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has accelerated in recent years, social studies educators have not generally been part of the conversation. This article explores why a theory of PCK for social studies has been so difficult to elaborate, focusing on the field’s inability to come to consensus on its aims and purposes and on a pervasive distrust of traditional academic disciplines and scholarship they produce. These factors have helped make the effective preparation of social studies teachers, something researchers studying PCK hope to improve, exceptionally difficult. This article proposes that if the field can resolve its relationship to the disciplines, a more coherent conceptualization of teacher education in social studies could come into focus. Such a reconceptualization could help position social studies teacher educators to contribute to the knowledge base on PCK, particularly with regard to the transformation of disciplinary content into school curriculum.
Hubble law may explain the anomalous acceleration of the pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft

The Hubble law for the photon is extended to a massive particle based on the de Broglie wavelength. The particle momemtum is shown to decrease relative to its cosmological redshift. After sufficient time, the particle momentum decreases at a constant rate of a0 = −c H0. This may explain the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer 10 & 11 spacecraft but it would require the spacecraft and the solar system to be in the Hubbleflow.
Derivation of Probability Distributions for Risk Assessment

Derivation of Probability Distributions for Risk Assessment Risk assessment is more and more widely applied in different areas. The essence of a risk assessment is to estimate the consequences of adverse events and their probability. For a quantitative judgment of the risks, it is necessary to estimate the uncertainty of the variables that govern the events. The uncertainty is commonly expressed as probability distributions. One of the main problems for the practical application of risk assessments is that the needed probability distributions, usually, are not readily available. These have to be derived from other existing information and knowledge. Several methods have been proposed in the literature for the derivation of probability distributions. The choice of an appropriate method depends on what information and knowledge is available. Some of these methods are used widely while others, being unconventional or still under development, have been less commonly applied. There is a lack of a software package that integrates those of the existing distribution fitting methods that are most relevant to environmental risk assessment, facilitating the choice of one or more methods depending on the situation. This is particularly true with regard to the methods most appropriate in the field of evironmental risk assessment, where data is scarce. In this work we will attempt to fill this gap by developing a prototype of such an application.
EECS 750 – Project Report MAC with Feedback

For point-to-point discrete memoryless channels, feedback does not increase capacity. However, for multiple-access discrete memoryless channels, feedback can increase capacity. The capacity epression for MAC with feedback, known in terms of directed information, is non-computable. Single-letter inner bounds have been given by Cover-Le-ung and Bross-Lapidoth. The Bross-Lapidoth region contains Cover-Leung region and is some cases, this inclusion is strict. When one channel input is a function of the other input and the channel output, Cover-Leung region is the feedback capaity region. Cover-Leung region is achievable when there is feedback to only one encoder. This report is a summary of various results about capacity of MAC with feedback.
Quantitative analysis of the FUV, UV and optical spectrum of the O3 star HD 93129A ?;??

Aquantitativeanalysisoftheextremelyhotandmas- sive galactic O3If supergiant HD 93129A is carried out us- ing stellar wind and pseudo photospheric lines observed in the FUV, UV and optical spectrum together with hydrodynamical NLTEmodelatmospheres.TheanalysisintheFUViscombined withspectrumsynthesisofthemolecularandatomic/ionicinter- stellar spectrum to disentangle stellar and interstellar blends. It is demonstrated that the combined stellar/interstellar spectrum synthesis technique is crucial for the determination of both in- terstellar column densities and stellar properties. ThefractionofhydrogenatomsinmolecularformintheCa- rinainterstellarcloudsisfoundtobe0.1,smallerthanonewould expect for its E(B-V) value of 0.54. We attribute this to disso- ciation by the strong FUV radiation eld of HD 93129A. The excitation temperature of ortho-hydrogen (J=1) is about 80K, whereas the excitation to higher levels requires temperatures up to 230 K in accordance with NLTE effects for interstellar H2 as discussed in the literature. The abundance of HD relative to H2 is of the order of 10 5 . For CO we obtain an upper limit of 2.610 5 . Abundances for the interstellar atomic and ionic species are also derived.
Insight into the function of Group I and Group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors: behavioural characterization and implications for the treatment of CNS disorders

&NA; Following the molecular cloning in the early 1990s of the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu1‐8), research that focused on the physiology, pharmacology and function of these receptors revealed their potential role in CNS disorders. Numerous psychiatric and neurological disorders are indeed linked to changes in excitatory processes, in which glutamate plays a key role. In contrast to ligand‐gated ion channels [N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA), alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and kainate], which are responsible for fast excitatory transmission, mGlu receptors have a more modulatory role, by contributing to fine‐tuning of synaptic efficacy, and control of the accuracy and sharpness of the transmission. Given the fact that the mGlu receptors are Gprotein coupled, they obviously constitute new 'drugable' targets for the treatment of various CNS disorders. Due to the recent emergence of subtype‐specific ligands for Group I and II mGlu receptors, this review will concentrate on the molecular characteristics, brain localization, pharmacology and physiological role of these receptors, in order to provide further insights into their therapeutic potential. Behavioural Pharmacology 14:257‐277
12 Patient Immobilization and Image Guidance

" There was a general acknowledgment that anatomic motion was abhorrent, but change is on the way with 4-D and adaptive therapy during imaging, planning and treatment. " (Paul Keall, 2007 private communication) The ultimate goal of radical radiotherapy is to deliver a high radiation dose to a target while minimizing the dose to surrounding healthy tissues. In order to fulfill this aim, it is essential to consider what constitutes the target and how to ensure that the target is in the correct location for treatment. The present chapter (section 12.2) commences with a discussion of target volumes as they are developed in the highly influential reports 50 and 62 of An important aspect of target definition is the concept of margins to ensure that the anatomical volume that must be irradiated is actually receiving the correct dose of radiation on every treatment day (or at least on an acceptable number of treatment days). To optimize radiotherapy delivery, it must be the aim to minimize margins as much as possible. This can be achieved by improving patient setup and immobiliza-tion, as will be discussed in section 12.3. However, knowledge also of the target location on every day of treatment will reduce the uncertainty of dose delivery and therefore the margin required for the delivery. This interfraction motion management can be achieved by using image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), which is discussed in section 12.4. Another important aspect of uncertainty in delivery is the 727
A Low-Power Multiplier Using Adiabatic CPL Circuits

This paper investigates low-power characteristics of complementary pass-transistor logic (CPL) circuits using four-phase power-clocks. On this basis, adiabatic CPL circuits are introduced, which use bootstrapped NMOS switches to eliminate non-adiabatic loss of output loads. A tree multiplier using 4-2 compressor based on adiabatic CPL circuits is described. The energy loss of the adiabatic CPL circuits is closed to CPAL (complementary pass-transistor adiabatic logic) circuits. Its energy dissipation is less dependency on power-clock frequency and insensitivity to output load capacitance. Compared with the conventional CMOS implementation, the 4-2 compressor using adiabatic CPL circuits attains energy savings of 68% to 82% for clock rates ranging from 25 to 150 MHz.
An eye feature detector based on convolutional neural network

One of the main problems when developing an eye detection and tracking system is to build a robust eye classifier that can detect the true eye patterns in complex scenes. This classi fication task is very challenging as the eye can appear in different locations with varying orientations and scales. Furthermore, the eye pattern varies intrinsically between ethnic groups, and with age and gender of a person. To cope better with these variations, we propose to use a bio-inspired convolutional neural network, based on the mechanism of shunting inhibition, for the detection of eye patterns in unconstrained environments. A learning algorithm is developed for the proposed neural network. Experimental results show that such network has the builtin invariant knowledge and the discriminatory power to classify input regions into eye and non-eye patterns. A classification rate of 99% is achieved by a three layer network with input size of 32 x 32 pixels. Disciplines Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication Details F. Tivive & A. Bouzerdoum, "An eye feature detector based on convolutional neural network," in The Eight International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, 2005, pp. 90-93. This conference paper is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow.edu.au/infopapers/2860 AN EYE FEATURE DETECTOR BASED ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK Fok Hing Chi Tivive and Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Senior Member, IEEE School of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, AUSTRALIA. E-mail s:fuct243@uow.edu.au.a. bouzerdoum@elec.uow.edu.au
Apathy and Related Executive Syndromes in Dementia Associated with Parkinson’s Disease and in Alzheimer’s Disease

Apathy is defined as a lack of motivation and has been reported to be common in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). To explore the neuropsychological correlates of apathy in patients with PD related dementia (PDD) and AD and to identify the specific cognitive profile of apathy in the two forms of neurodegenerative disease, 61 non-depressed patients (29 PDD and 32 AD) were selected. Out of these, 29 patients (47.5%) were detected as apathetic (14 PDD-A+ and 15 AD-A+), and 32 patients as non-apathetic (15 PDD-A- and 17 AD-A-). All patients underwent cognitive tasks tapping memory, visuospatial and executive functions, behavioral rating scales and Clinical Judgment for Apathy Syndrome (CJ-AS), an inventory developed to measure severity of apathy. The four subgroups differed significantly on memory and frontal tasks. The PDD-A+ performed significantly worse than PDD-A- on frontal tasks. The AD-A+ had poorer performance than AD-A- on frontal tasks. Last, PDD-A+ achieved significantly higher scores than AD-A+ on memory tasks. The four groups differed significantly on CJ-AS and behavioral rating scales. The results showed that apathetic patients with both forms of dementia showed a common neuropsychological and behavioral picture, characterized by defects on frontal tasks, thus strongly supporting the existence of an ‘apathetic syndrome’, characterized by specific cognitive and psychological symptoms.
A Bayesian approach to strong lensing modelling of galaxy clusters

In this paper, we describe a procedure for modelling strong lensing galaxy clusters with parametric methods, and to rank models quantitatively using the Bayesian evidence. We use a publicly available Markov chain Monte-Carlo (MCMC) sampler (‘bayesys’), allowing us to avoid local minima in the likelihood functions. To illustrate the power of the MCMC technique, we simulate three clusters of galaxies, each composed of a cluster-scale halo and a set of perturbing galaxy-scale subhalos. We ray-trace three light beams through each model to produce a catalogue of multiple images, and then use the MCMC sampler to recover the model parameters in the three different lensing configurations. We find that, for typical Hubble Space Telescope (HST)-quality imaging data, the total mass in the Einstein radius is recovered with ∼1–5% error according to the considered lensing configuration. However, we find that the mass of the galaxies is strongly degenerated with the cluster mass when no multiple images appear in the cluster centre. The mass of the galaxies is generally recovered with a 20% error, largely due to the poorly constrained cut-off radius. Finally, we describe how to rank models quantitatively using the Bayesian evidence. We confirm the ability of strong lensing to constrain the mass profile in the central region of galaxy clusters in this way. Ultimately, such a method applied to strong lensing clusters with a very large number of multiple images may provide unique geometrical constraints on cosmology. The implementation of the MCMC sampler used in this paper has been done within the framework of the lenstool software package, which is publicly availablewww.oamp. fr/cosmology/lenstool.
TOWARD A RELIABLE GIGABIT NETWORK—AN UPGRADE OF THE SPRING-8 NETWORK

The SPring-8 controls network has maintained accelerator operations in high reliability and shown good performance during the past years. To cope with the increase of loads on the network due to faster data acquisition and the addition of equipment data, networking hardware has been installed in the last few years. The upgraded network replaces the original FDDI backbone and switches with mixed FDDI/gigabit ethernet and Layer-3 switches. It is necessary to keep the double ring topology for the FDDI and introduce link aggregation technology for the gigabit ethernet to maintain the full redundancy and bandwidth of the system. This paper will discuss the network performance of the gigabit ethernet including its latency and redundancy. We also discuss a future plan for the network including Quality-of-Service over the gigabit ethernet.
A Case Study of a Non-gamer Student's Learning Process in VISOLE

VISOLE (Virtual Interactive Student-Oriented Learning Environment) is a constructivist pedagogical approach to empower game-based learning. With near real-life simulation gaming context and teacher facilitation (scaffolding and debriefing), VISOLE aims at providing students with opportunities to acquire subject-specific knowledge in a multi-disciplinary fashion as well as sharpen their higher-order thinking skills. This paper discusses a case study carried out in Hong Kong for investigating a non-gamer student’s learning process in VISOLE. The study revealed there were a number of impeding phenomena emerged during the course of this non-gamer student’s participation in VISOLE. Nevertheless, it was found that teachers’ facilitation (the designated teacher facilitation tasks specified in VISOLE, and some new teacher interventions) was able to mitigate or overcome these impeding phenomena. The findings provided insight into the enhancement of the existing design and classroom implementation of VISOLE.
Investigating teachers and students’ perceptions towards the role of project-Based Learning to overcome foreign language speaking anxiety : the cse of master I students of applied linguistics and english language teaching at the department of English (University of Bejaia)

The major thrust of the study is to investigate the perceptions of both teachers and students towards the effect of using Project-Based Learning (PBL) to help learners overcome their Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety (FLSA). The study is meant to be a small-scale survey. It took place in the Department of English at the University of Bejaia. Twenty five students (25) and five (5) teachers participated in it. In order to probe the perceptions of the different subjects, a mixed research design was used including both quantitative and qualitative methods. The former implies the use of students’ questionnaire and the second involves interviews with teachers. The results of both methods reveal that PBL is regarded as an effective tool through which learners can overcome their anxiety when learning the English language. They also show the effectiveness of PBL in fostering communication in the classroom. On the basis of these results, it is recommended to raise teachers’ awareness to the necessity of creating a safe learning atmosphere to push learners to work collaboratively in groups. Besides, the researcher encourages the integration of PBL as a teaching and learning tool in EFL classroom to help learners feel at ease when communicating in the target language and get rid of their foreign language speaking anxiety.
Spectral analysis of relativistic atoms – interaction with the quantized radiation field

This is the the second part of a series of two papers, which investigate spectral properties of Dirac operators with singular potentials. We will provide a spectral analysis of a relativistic one- electron atom in interaction with the second quantized radiation field and thus extend the work of Bach, Frohlich, and Sigal (5) and Hasler, Herbst, and Huber (19) to such systems. In particular, we show that the lifetime of excited states in a relativistic hydrogen atom coincides with the life time given by Fermi's Golden Rule in the non-relativistic case. We will rely on the technical preparations derived in the first part (25) of this work.