Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HeT-A, a transposable element specifically involved in "healing" broken chromosome ends in Drosophila melanogaster

Eight terminally deleted Drosophila melanogaster chromosomes have now been found to be "healed. " In each case, the healed chromosome end had acquired sequence from the HeT DNA family, a complex family of repeated sequences found only in telomeric and pericentric heterochromatin. The sequences were apparently added by transposition events involving no sequence homology. We now report that the sequences transposed in healing these chromosomes identify a novel transposable element, HeT-A, which makes up a subset of the HeT DNA family. Addition of HeT-A elements to broken chromosome ends appears to be polar. The proximal junction between each element and the broken chromosome end is an oligo(A) tract beginning 54 nucleotides downstream from a conserved AATAAA sequence on the strand running 5' to 3' from the chromosome end. The distal (telomeric) ends of HeT-A elements are variably truncated; however, we have not yet been able to determine the extreme distal sequence of a complete element. Our analysis covers approximately 2,600 nucleotides of the HeT-A element, beginning with the oligo(A) tract at one end. Sequence homology is strong (greater than 75% between all elements studied). Sequence may be conserved for DNA structure rather than for protein coding; even the most recently transposed HeT-A elements lack significant open reading frames in the region studied. Instead, the elements exhibit conserved short-range sequence repeats and periodic long-range variation in base composition. These conserved features suggest that HeT-A elements, although transposable elements, may have a structural role in telomere organization or maintenance.
Werk en motivatie om te leren: zijn er verschillen tussen jongere en oudere werknemers?

Weinig onderzoekers hebben aandacht besteed aan de rol van de werkomgeving in het motiveren van verschillende leeftijdsgroepen om nieuwe vaardigheden aan te leren. Via een longitudinaal vragenlijstonderzoek wilden wij meer zicht krijgen op de invloed van leeftijd op de relatie tussen werkkenmerken en de motivatie om te leren. Via structurele vergelijkingsanalyses werden oudere werknemers (> 50 jaar) met jongere werknemers (< 35 jaar) en werknemers van middelbare leeftijd (35-50 jaar) vergeleken. Uit deze analyses, waarbij gebruik werd gemaakt van structurele gelijkschakelingsmodellering, werd duidelijk dat de leeftijdsgroepen geen significante verschillen weergaven in de effecten van taakeisen en sturingsmogelijkheden op het voorspellen van de motivatie om nieuw gedrag aan te leren. Het ontwerpen van een uitdagende werkomgeving blijkt voor alle leeftijdsgroepen even belangrijk in het ontwikkelen van de motivatie om te leren. Trefwoorden: longitudinaal onderzoek, leeftijd, oudere werknemers, psychosociale werkkenmerken, actief leren-hypothese
Pedestrian Detection Based on HOG-LBP Feature

in this paper, we propose a new framework in pedestrian detection by combining the HOG and uniform LBP feature on blocks. Contrast experiment result shows that detector using combined features is more powerful than one single feature. To further improve the detection performance, we make a contrast experiment that the HOG-LBP features are calculated at variable-size blocks to find the most efficient feature vector. The linear SVM is used to train the pedestrian classifier. Results presented on the INRIA dataset show that our detector is more discriminative and robust than the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Programs and Strategies to Increase Latino Students’ Educational Attainment

This article presents strategies that Latino parents and Latino students need to know regarding preparing for and selecting the best undergraduate college or university for the career desired, especially if the choice involves engineering, mathematics, or the sciences. Access to pertinent information on preparation for admission to a college or a university of choice, and then how to negotiate the system to graduate in a timely manner with high grades, is discussed. Sources for advice on going to college can be located at community centers, public libraries, schools, and especially outreach programs and the internet. Moreover, the role of faculty and of academic-guidance personnel on most good campuses that are able to assist students to make informed decisions about career plans is provided. Whether a Latina or Latino student succeeds in going to graduate school involves having correct information, interacting and mentoring with supportive faculty, learning to use a computer with Internet capabilities, and completing a rigorous academic program.
EKSISTENSI DAN NILAI-NILAI KEARIFAN KOMUNITAS SAMIN DI KUDUS DAN PATI

Samin community in Sukolilo Pati and Undaan Kudus is a potrait of cultural diversity of our nation. Samin Community that still survive today, in the historical context of existence, has existed since the late 19 th century. This community has a contribution in realizing Indonesian Independence by fighting against Dutch colonialist. Public ignorance towards history, culture and Samin’s thought makes people perceive that this comunity “Do as they own wishes” without heeding the public regulations and norms. Negative stereotypes appears about this community which leads to oddity, peculiarity or anything unnatural (nyleneh). Whereas this community has cultural values based on the local wisdom (local wisdom). Samin wisdom can be an example in building diversity, integration and social harmony.
Conceptual Hierarchies in a Flat Attractor Network: Dynamics of Learning and Computations

The structure of people's conceptual knowledge of concrete nouns has traditionally been viewed as hierarchical (Collins & Quillian, 1969). For example, superordinate concepts (vegetable) are assumed to reside at a higher level than basic-level concepts (carrot). A feature-based attractor network with a single layer of semantic features developed representations of both basic-level and superordinate concepts. No hierarchical structure was built into the network. In Experiment and Simulation 1, the graded structure of categories (typicality ratings) is accounted for by the flat attractor-network. Experiment and Simulation 2 show that, as with basic-level concepts, such a network predicts feature verification latencies for superordinate concepts (vegetable ). In Experiment and Simulation 3, counterintuitive results regarding the temporal dynamics of similarity in semantic priming are explained by the model. By treating both types of concepts the same in terms of representation, learning, and computations, the model provides new insights into semantic memory.
Building Inferentially Tractable Models of Complex Social Systems : a Generalized Location Framework

Here, a class of structures called “generalized location systems” is introduced, which can be used to characterize a range of social processes. An exponential family of distributions is developed for modeling such systems, allowing for the incorporation of both attributional and relational covariates. Methods are shown for simulation and inference using the location system model. Two illustrative applications (occupational stratification and residential settlement patterns) are presented, and simulation is employed to show the behavior of the location system model in each case. By leveraging established results in the fields of social network analysis, spatial statistics, and statistical mechanics, it is argued that sociologists can model complex social systems without sacrificing inferential tractability.
Movie Consumption Experience and Immersion: Impact on Satisfaction

The objective of this research is to explore whether movie consumption experience impacts satisfaction when consumers are immersed in this experiential context. First, immersion and consumption experience are defined; then, we propose a model that links theses two concepts with satisfaction. Second, we test this model by using measurement scales we developed for this purpose. Their psychometric properties are satisfactory. Three movie environments are considered in order to assess scale robustness and to highlight differences in terms of variable intensity and correlation strength. Our results show that there exists a link between immersion and emotions, and that emotions induce higher satisfaction, whatever the movie context. They also show that immersion and social interaction are linked and that this yields higher satisfaction in the case of the horror movie.
Application of a consensus problem to fair multi-resource allocation in real-time systems

This paper provides an application of a consensus problem with nonlinear performance functions to resource allocation in soft real-time systems. In soft real-time systems, fairness of QoS (Quality of Service) levels plays an important role to guarantee appropriate service under timing and resource constraints. We propose fair QoS control with an agent-based controller where each agent manages an allocated resource and a QoS level of each task. We derive an adaptive resource allocation algorithm and sufficient conditions to achieve fair QoS levels by extending results of a consensus problem.
Abscisic Acid Has a Key Role in Modulating Diverse Plant-Pathogen Interactions1[C][W][OA]

We isolated an activation-tagged Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) line, constitutive disease susceptibility2-1D (cds2-1D), that showed enhanced bacterial growth when challenged with various Pseudomonas syringae strains. Systemic acquired resistance and systemic PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE1 induction were also compromised in cds2-1D. The T-DNA insertion adjacent to NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE5 (NCED5), one of six genes encoding the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic enzyme NCED, caused a massive increase in transcript level and enhanced ABA levels >2-fold. Overexpression of NCED genes recreated the enhanced disease susceptibility phenotype. NCED2, NCED3, and NCED5 were induced, and ABA accumulated strongly following compatible P. syringae infection. The ABA biosynthetic mutant aba3-1 showed reduced susceptibility to virulent P. syringae, and ABA, whether through exogenous application or endogenous accumulation in response to mild water stress, resulted in increased bacterial growth following challenge with virulent P. syringae, indicating that ABA suppresses resistance to P. syringae. Likewise ABA accumulation also compromised resistance to the biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsis, whereas resistance to the fungus Alternaria brassicicola was enhanced in cds2-1D plants and compromised in aba3-1 plants, indicating that ABA promotes resistance to this necrotroph. Comparison of the accumulation of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in the wild type, cds2-1D, and aba3-1 plants challenged with P. syringae showed that ABA promotes jasmonic acid accumulation and exhibits a complex antagonistic relationship with salicylic acid. Our findings provide genetic evidence that the abiotic stress signal ABA also has profound roles in modulating diverse plant-pathogen interactions mediated at least in part by cross talk with the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid biotic stress signal pathways.
Leucine and resistance training improve hyperglycemia, white adipose tissue loss, and inflammatory parameters in an experimental model of type 1 diabetes

Background: Loss of white adipose tissue (WAT), associated with type 1 diabetes (DM1), contributes to increased chronic systemic inflammation. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of leucine supplementation and resistance training (RT) in attenuating WAT loss and improving inflammatory parameters and glucose metabolism in DM1 rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: DA (sedentary and supplemented with non-essential amino acids (NEAA)), DL (sedentary and supplemented with leucine), DTA (submitted to RT and supplemented with NEAA) and DTL (submitted to RT and supplemented with leucine). DM1 was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). An 8-week period of RT consisted of climbing a ladder with a progressively increased load, and supplementation was offered in the feed. Results: Glycemia, polyphagia and polydipsia were lower in DL, DTA and DTL groups compared with the DA group by approximately 20% (p<.0001), 28% (p=.004) and 64% (p<.0001), respectively. Weight of total WAT and retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) were higher by approximately 21% (p=.01) and 54% (p=.0004), respectively, in DL, DTA and DTL groups compared with DA. However, gene expression of adiponectin and leptin in RPAT was only increased by RT (DTA and DTL) compared with DA and DL by approximately 93% (p<.0001) and 78% (p=.0002), respectively. Similarly, the levels of adiponectin in the serum, tissue IL-10 (RPAT) and serum IL-10 were only increased in DTA and DTL compared with DA and DL by approximately 31% (p=.03), 45% (p=.0009) and 35% (p=.003), respectively. Conclusions: Both interventions, isolated or together, reduced hyperglycemia and excessive loss of WAT, but RT was the main factor responsible for attenuating inflammation.
Graphics and statistics for cardiology: clinical prediction rules

Graphs and tables are indispensable aids to quantitative research. When developing a clinical prediction rule that is based on a cardiovascular risk score, there are many visual displays that can assist in developing the underlying statistical model, testing the assumptions made in this model, evaluating and presenting the resultant score. All too often, researchers in this field follow formulaic recipes without exploring the issues of model selection and data presentation in a meaningful and thoughtful way. Some ideas on how to use visual displays to make wise decisions and present results that will both inform and attract the reader are given. Ideas are developed, and results tested, using subsets of the data that were used to develop the ASSIGN cardiovascular risk score, as used in Scotland.
Development of a dual approach to assess powder flow from avalanching behavior

The purposes of this investigation were to develop a method to evaluate flow properties of powders from avalanching tests and to detect similarities and relationships between these data and conventional powder flow properties. The API AeroFlow® automated flowability analyzer was tested using 6 pharmaceutical excipients. Data were presented as mean time to avalanche (MTA), scatter, and a classification based on the type of motion of the powder bed. Powders were also characterized in terms of particle size, particle shape, loss of weight on drying, Carr’s compressibility index, and critical orifice diameter to prevent ratholing. A dual approach, which combines visual observation of the type of motion of the powder bed in the rotating drum with numerical descriptors such as MTA and scatter, was found to be more accurate in the assessment of powder flow than the current practice of using only MTA and scatter values. Statistical analysis established that there are relationships and similarities between the ranking of powder flow properties obtained from the avalanching test and Carr’s compressibility index and the critical orifice diameter. An interaction between particle size and shape, both influencing powder flow, when evaluated with these methods was found. The assessment of the flowability of powders on the basis of avalanching tests should include both the determination of numerical descriptors of flow such as MTA and scatter, and a determination of the type of motion of the powder bed in order to increase the sensitivity of the method to small changes in powder flow properties.
Trade-off studies in blackbox optimization

This paper proposes a framework for trade-off analyses of blackbox constrained optimization problems. Two strategies are developed to show the trade-off of the optimal objective function value with tightening or loosening general constraints. These are a simple method which may be performed immediately after a single optimization and a detailed method performing biobjective optimization on the minimization of the objective versus a constraint of interest. The detailed method provides points on the Pareto front, the trade-off curve, of the objective versus a chosen constraint. The simple method provides points near the trade-off curve, which may be all the designer needs. The trade-off information is generally used by engineers rather than the first-order sensitivity estimates provided by the Lagrange multipliers, which only provide the tangent to the Pareto front at the solution found. The proposed methods are tested on an academic test case and on an engineering problem using the mesh-adaptive direct search algorithm.
The Problem Problem and Other Oddities of Academic Discourse

Habits of thinking and writing that are so familiar to academics that we hardly recognize them often seem counter-intuitive to high school and college students. These habits include the search for hidden meanings in texts and experience generally, the inclination to be contentious and to foment controversy, the tendency to make seemingly obvious assumptions explicit and the general obsession with searching for problems where often there do not seem to be any. The most productive way for teachers to help students cope with these unfamiliar academic habits is to identify these habits in class, inviting students to discuss them and even air their doubts about them.
Influence of CYP3A5 genetic variation on everolimus maintenance dosing after cardiac transplantation

Everolimus (ERL) has become an alternative to calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) due to its renal‐sparing properties, especially in heart transplant (HTx) recipients with kidney dysfunction. However, ERL dosing is challenging due to its narrow therapeutic window combined with high interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of clinical and genetic factors on ERL dosing in a pilot cohort of 37 HTx recipients.
The Quality of Qualitative Data: Two Strategies for Analyzing Medical Interviews

Researchers are familiar with claims that, for various reasons, many conceptions of reliability and validity are inappropriate to the analysis of qualitative data. Using transcripts drawn from doctor-patient consultations, the authors examine two methods of assessing the reliability of data and the validity of their interpretations. First, the method of intercoder agreement is used and assessed. Second, the methods of conversation analysis are applied. Both methods stress the need for quality control procedures as an integral and systematic component of the analysis of qualitative data. These analyses also reinforce the observation that the strategy ofanalysis chosen can influence the results obtained. By taking seriously some quantitative critiques about the reliability of quali tative data, a position opposed to the "paradigm war" in social science is maintained.
Nasal Delivery of Antigen with the B Subunit of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Augments Antigen-Specific T-Cell Clonal Expansion and Differentiation

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin has unique immunogenic and adjuvant properties when administered mucosally to mice. These properties have revealed the potential for its use in the development of mucosal vaccines, an area of increasing interest. However, the inherent toxicity mediated by the A subunit precludes its widespread use. This problem has led to attempts to dissociate toxicity from adjuvant function by use of the B subunit. The ability of the B subunit of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) to enhance responses against antigens coadministered intranasally is demonstrated here with the use of the DO11.10 adoptive-transfer model, in which ovalbumin (OVA)-specific adoptively transferred T cells can be monitored directly by flow cytometry. Intranasal delivery of OVA with EtxB resulted in increased T-cell proliferative and systemic antibody responses against antigens. The increased Th2 cytokine production detected following in vitro restimulation of splenocyte and cervical lymph node (CLN) cells from the immunized mice correlated with increased OVA-specific immunoglobulin G1 antibody production. Flow cytometric analysis of T cells from mice early after immunization directly revealed the ability of EtxB to support antigen-specific clonal expansion and differentiation. Furthermore, while responses were first detected in the CLNs, they rapidly progressed to the spleen, where they were further sustained. Examination of CD69 expression on dividing cells supported the notion that activation induced by the presence of antigens is not sufficient to drive T-cell differentiation. Furthermore, a lack of CD25 expression on dividing cells suggested that EtxB-mediated T-cell clonal expansion may occur without a sustained requirement for interleukin 2.
Trust and Citizen Involvement Decisions

This study assesses the relative importance of administrators’ trust in citizens, trust in participation institutions, and propensity to trust in explaining their willingness to involve more citizens in public decision making. The results show that administrators’ trust in participation institutions is a mediator between trust in citizens and administrators’ promotion of participation activities. Propensity to trust has a positive impact on administrators’ trust in citizens, but it does not directly contribute to trust in participation institutions or promotion of participation activities. The results imply that trust in institutional arrangements is at least as important as trust in citizens in explaining administrative behaviors.
Chicanas/os and Mental Health Services

This article reviews recent literature pertaining to Chicanas/os’ utilization of conventional mental health services, their counselor preferences, and the psychological testing and assessment of Chicanas/os. Chicanas/os likely underutilize mental health services, instead preferring family or nontraditional helpers for assistance. However, both Chicanas/os’ level of identification with their indigenous culture as well as their level of acculturation to the majority culture appear to affect their use of services and counselor preferences. Despite longstanding concerns ranging from language barriers to clinician bias in interpreting test results, the literature continues to lack validation studies that specifically support the use of many major psychological tests with Chicanas/os. Unfortunately, these instruments continue to be routinely used clinically to assess Chicana/o clientele, even though the literature cautions that these instruments may generate an inaccurate picture of Chicanas/os’ psychological functioning. Recommendations for counseling practice and future research concerning Chicanas/os are offered.