Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Access to undergraduate education is an unresolved burden in Ghana: A qualitative approach

Abstract Higher education is a means by which human capital is mostly developed and awareness is created in people to think of themselves as active citizens willing and able to have influence in public life, and with the critical capacity to weigh evidence before speaking and acting. The rationale behind the paper is to address the low access to higher education in Ghana, and to emphasise the need to deal with the issue, if Ghana wants to maintain its middle-income status and be heading towards a developed country. Therefore, the paper re-examines the challenges of undergraduate education access in Ghana by intentionally selecting some educationists and engaging them in an interview. Financial challenges, infrastructural deficiency and inadequate lecturers are found to be some of the challenges. The contributions of the paper to knowledge include development of educational access conceptual framework. It is recommended that funding arrangements be pursued for students, technologically mediated distance education be effected and more research graduates be produced to augment the teaching capacity base.
A Survey on host-based Botnet identification

Today Botnets pose a serious threat to Internet Information world. Because cyber criminals are utilizing them as a powerful tool to achieve their goals easily and most importantly without leaving any trace to the defenders. So it is difficult to detect their origin. They are mainly used for many illegal activities such as Phishing, Spamming, information or email harvesting and DDoS etc. Basically botnets receive command(s) from botmaster using existing network path to attack or compromise a victim. Therefore, to detect a bot/botnet defenders use either network-analysis or end-host analysis. Distinguishing a bot in a high-speed network link is too difficult, because most bots today generate low volume traffic, legitimate protocols and etc. Motivated by this, we propose a comparative study analysis of bot at the end-system side. This area of research is in its infant stage and only very less number of ideas has been proposed.
Evidence That the C-Terminal Domain of a Type B PutA Protein Contributes to Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity and Substrate Channeling

Proline utilization A (PutA) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of proline to glutamate. Structures of type A PutAs have revealed the catalytic core consisting of proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDH) modules connected by a substrate-channeling tunnel. Type B PutAs also have a C-terminal domain of unknown function (CTDUF) that is absent in type A PutAs. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), mutagenesis, and kinetics are used to determine the contributions of this domain to PutA structure and function. The 1127-residue Rhodobacter capsulatus PutA (RcPutA) is used as a representative CTDUF-containing type B PutA. The reaction progress curve for the coupled PRODH–P5CDH activity of RcPutA does not exhibit a time lag, implying a substrate channeling mechanism. RcPutA is monomeric in solution, which is unprecedented for PutAs. SAXS rigid body modeling with target–decoy validation is used to build a model of RcPutA. On the basis of homology to aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), the CTDUF is predicted to consist of a β-hairpin fused to a noncatalytic Rossmann fold domain. The predicted tertiary structural interactions of the CTDUF resemble the quaternary structural interactions in the type A PutA dimer interface. The model is tested by mutagenesis of the dimerization hairpin of a type A PutA and the CTDUF hairpin of RcPutA. Similar functional phenotypes are observed in the two sets of variants, supporting the hypothesis that the CTDUF mimics the type A PutA dimer interface. These results suggest annotation of the CTDUF as an ALDH superfamily domain that facilitates P5CDH activity and substrate channeling by stabilizing the aldehyde-binding site and sealing the substrate-channeling tunnel from the bulk medium.
Modeling and Real-Time Scheduling of Large-Scale Batteries for Maximizing Performance

Modern electric vehicles are equipped with an advanced battery management system, responsible for providing the necessary power efficiently from batteries to electric motors while maintaining the batteries within an operational condition. Because discharge-rate and temperature of batteries affect their health and efficiency significantly, batteries are managed to mitigate their discharge and thermal stresses. In this paper, we develop a real-time, efficient integrated management system for discharge-rate and temperature of batteries. To achieve this objective, we first construct a prognosis system predicting the likely states of batteries' capacity and capability. Based on prognostic estimates of the impact of temperature and discharge-rate on the performance, we solve an optimization problem to search for efficient discharging and cooling scheduling. Our experimentation and simulation demonstrate that the proposed management enhances system performance up to 85.3%.
Governance and Competence

Transaction cost economics faces serious problems concerning the way it deals, or fails to deal, with bounded rationality, the efficiency of outcomes, trust, innovation, learning and the nature of knowledge. The competence view yields an alternative perspective on the purpose and boundaries of the firm. However, the competence view cannot ignore issues of governance, and in spite of serious criticism, transaction cost economics yields useful concepts to deal with it. This article aims to contribute to the development of theory and empirical research that connects governance and competence perspectives.
Temporal Filtering of Event-Related fMRI Data Using Cross-Validation

To circumvent the problem of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in event-related fMRI data, the fMRI experiment is typically designed to consist of repeated presentations of the stimulus and measurements of the response, allowing for subsequent averaging of the resulting data. Due to factors such as time limitation, subject motion, habituation, and fatigue, practical constraints on the number of repetitions exist. Thus, filtering is commonly applied to further improve the SNR of the averaged data. Here, a time-varying filter based on theoretical work by Nowak is employed. This filter operates under the stationary wavelet transform framework and is demonstrated to lead to good estimates of the true signals in simulated data. The utility of the filter is also shown using experimental data obtained with a visual-motor paradigm.
Data conflict resolution for layered LDPC decoding algorithm by selective recalculation

Layered LDPC decoding algorithm is known to achieve high Bit Error Rate (BER) performance and high throughput for LDPC decoders. However, for ISDB-S2 (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting via Satellite - Second Generation) LDPC decoder, applying layered algorithm directly will result in data conflict problem. In this paper, a novel selective recalculation method is proposed to solve the data conflict problem. It determines the inaccurately calculated values based on a recalculation decision rule, and correct them accordingly. By applying this selective recalculation method, the layered algorithm can achieve conflict free BER performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve 0.1dB gain for the code with most conflicts in ISDB-S2, under the same BER performance compared to the previous strategy to solve data conflict problem.
Lumping the States of a Finite Markov Chain Through Stochastic Factorization

Abstract In this work we show how the lumping of states of a finite Markov chain can be regarded as a special decomposition of its transition matrix called stochastic factorization. The idea is simple: when a transition matrix is factored into the product of two stochastic matrices, one can swap the factors of the multiplication to obtain another model, potentially much smaller than the original one. We prove in the paper that the smaller Markov chain has the same reducibility and the same number of closed sets as the original model. Additionally, the stationary distributions of both chains are related through a linear transformation. By interpreting the lumping of states as a particular case of stochastic factorization, we discuss in which circumstances the lumped transition matrix can be used in place of the original one to compute its stationary distribution. To illustrate our ideas we use the computation of Google's PageRank as an example.
Interprocedural Analysis for JVML Verification

Some of the problems encountered in the verification of subroutines in the Java Virtual Machine Language (JVML) are similar to problems already solved for interprocedural analysis in high level languages. This naturally leads to the question of whether techniques for the latter may be successfully applied to the former. To this end, we apply a general framework for interprocedural abstract interpretation to JVML0, a subset of JVML that isolates subroutines.
An effective eye states detection method based on the projection of the gray interval distribution

Eye state estimation has been widely applied in many real-world systems, e.g., driver monitoring and smart television. However, it is still an open issue towards accurate and realtime estimation, especially under the scenario of uncontrolled scenes, for instance severely occlusion, viewpoint change, and illumination variances. In this paper, we introduce a robust eye state estimation algorithm, the core of which is a novel discriminative and fast feature encoding scheme to represent the eye state. To further improve the robustness, we also introduce a brightness adjustment algorithm to overcome the variances of environmental illumination. The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm is extremely effective under various illumination conditions. The proposed algorithm has also been integrated into the next-generation AOC intelligent TV systems.
Density-based probabilistic clustering of uncertain moving objects

In the environment with objects moving randomly, the positions of moving objects can be modeled as a range of possible values, associated with a probability density function. Data mining of such positions of uncertain moving objects attracts more and more research interest recently. The definitions of probabilistic core object and probabilistic density-reachability are presented and a density-based probabilistic clustering algorithm for uncertain moving objects is proposed, based on DBSCAN algorithm and probabilistic index on uncertain moving objects. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other density-based clustering algorithm for uncertain moving objects in accuracy and update rate needed for clustering.
Personalized Web Search Using Probabilistic Query Expansion

The Web consists of huge amount of data and search engines provide an efficient way to help navigate the Web and get the relevant information. General search engines, however, return query results without considering user's intention behind the query. Personalized Web search systems aim to provide relevant results to users by taking user interests into account. In this paper, we proposed a personalized Web search system implemented at proxy which adapts to user interests implicitly by constructing user profile with the help of collaborative filtering. A user profile essentially contains probabilistic correlations between query terms and document terms which is used for providing personalized search results. Experimental results show that our proposed personalized Web search system is both effective and efficient.
Logiques de descriptions pour l'analyse structurelle de film

Dans le contexte de l'annotation de documents filmiques assistee par ordinateur, nous posons le probleme de l'analyse filmique automatique, et identifion 3 problemes de base : classification de plans, regroupement temporel et pilotage d'algorithmes d'extraction. Ces trois processus mettent en œuvre des connaissances provenant de plusieurs domaines d'expertise, documentalistes, specialistes d'analyse du signal et professionnels de l'audiovisuel. Nous proposons d'utiliser le formalisme des logiques de descriptions comme paradigme principal de representation pour representer ces divers types de connaissances dans un environnement integre. Nous proposons dans ce cadre un mecanisme de regroupement temporel fonde sur une restriction du formalisme de Allen qui permet de limiter les problemes de complexite.
A telemedicine wound care model using 4G with smart phones or smart glasses

Abstract To assess the feasibility of a wound care model using 4th-generation mobile communication technology standards (4G) with smart phones or smart glasses for wound management. This wound care model is an interactive, real-time platform for implementing telemedicine changing wound dressings, or doing operations. It was set up in March 2015 between Jinhua in Zhejiang province and Shanghai, China, which are 328 km apart. It comprised of a video application (APP), 4G net, smart phones or smart glasses, and a central server. This model service has been used in 30 patients with wounds on their lower extremities for 109 times in 1 month. Following a short learning curve, the service worked well and was deemed to be user-friendly. Two (6.7%) patients had wounds healed, while others still required wound dressing changes after the study finished. Both local surgeons and patients showed good acceptance of this model (100% and 83.33%, respectively). This telemedicine model is feasible and valuable because it provides an opportunity of medical service about wound healing in remote areas where specialists are scarce.
The complete mitochondrial genome of the Spinetail Devilray, Mobula japanica

The complete mitochondrial genome of a widely distributed pelagic ray, the Spinetail Devilray (Mobula japanica), consists of 18,880 bp with high A+T and low G content. Gene configuration and length is similar to other vertebrates and comprises 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs genes (12S and 16S rRNA), 22 tRNAs genes, and 1 major non-coding sequence, the control region. A remarkable feature in the mitochondrial genome of M. japanica is three tandemly repeated areas in the control region, together comprising a length of almost 1500 bp, making this to our knowledge the longest elasmobranch mitochondrial genome published so far.
Capacité de réseaux maillés sans fil : éléments déterminants et caractères insensibles

La capacite d'un reseau reflete la charge de trafic qu'il peut ecouler. C'est un facteur preponderant de la qualite de service, en particulier dans le contexte tres contraint des reseaux radio mailles 802.11. Dans cet article, nous considerons deux visions complementaires de la capacite. Une capacite globale definie comme etant la somme des trafics sortants du reseau, et une capacite par flux mettant en evidence l'iniquite entre les flux dans le reseau. Nous etudions le comportement de ces capacites face a plusieurs parametres : protocoles de routage, nombre et emplacement des passerelles reliant le reseau a l'Internet et regularite de la topologie physique du reseau. En se basant sur un large eventail de simulations, nous montrons le caractere insensible de la capacite a ces parametres tout en soulignant qu'elle est directement liee a la congestion autour de la passerelle. De plus, nous montrons qu'en augmentant le nombre de passerelles, la capacite tend vers une borne maximale.
The research and implementation of automatic unit test recording framework

There is no information exchange between system test and unit test in existing automated testing techniques, unit tests usually ignore the requirements of users, but the system test has shortcomings like inefficient and hard to explore the error. Base on this problems the paper designs an automated testing framework. The framework record unit test from system test. In the process of the research and implementation of the framework, the issue compares a variety of automatic test data generation methods. and makes a improvement of orthogonal design method. we discuss the realization of the unit test recording, and apply the data flow analysis and symbolic analysis techniques to the process of unit test recording.
ErgoAssist: An assistance system to maintain ergonomie guidelines at workplaces

We propose an assistance system which observes a process involving humans and automatically takes measures in situations where ergonomic guidelines are violated. The system uses a Microsoft Kinect Sensor to capture a depth map of the scene. Using this sensory information, the system extracts working pose and assesses ergonomics in the current situation. If an ergonomically critical situation occurs, the system flexibly adjusts the height of a workpiece during a process in order to enable the worker to adapt a more comfortable pose. First experiments show the potential of the method but also reveal the remaining technological challenge in capturing the pose. As future work, we plan to extend our existing pose capturing method for the 3D case. Moreover, we plan to conduct studies in order to analyse the acceptance of such a system in production environment.
An Automatic Online Recruitment System Based on Exploiting Multiple Semantic Resources and Concept-Relatedness Measures

Due to the rapid development of job markets, traditional recruitment methods are becoming insufficient. This is because employers often receive an enormous number of applications (usually unstructured resumes) that are difficult to process and analyze manually. To address this issue, several automatic recruitment systems have been proposed. Although these systems have proved to be more effective in processing candidate resumes and matching them to their relevant job posts, they still suffer from low precision due to limitations of their underlying techniques. On the one hand, approaches based on keyword matching ignore the semantics of the job post and resume contents, and consequently a large portion of the matching results is irrelevant. On the other hand, the more recent semantics-based models are influenced by the limitations of the used semantic resources, namely the incompleteness of the knowledge captured by such resources and their limited domain coverage. In this paper, we propose an automatic online recruitment system that employs multiple semantic resources to highlight the semantic contents of resumes and job posts. Additionally, it utilizes statistical concept-relatedness measures to further enrich the highlighted contents with relevant concepts that were not initially recognized by the used semantic resources. The proposed system has been instantiated and validated in a precision-recall based empirical framework.
Evolution of morphological allometry

Morphological allometry refers to patterns of covariance between body parts resulting from variation in body size. Whether measured during growth (ontogenetic allometry), among individuals at similar developmental stage (static allometry), or among populations or species (evolutionary allometry), allometric relationships are often tight and relatively invariant. Consequently, it has been suggested that allometries have low evolvability and could constrain phenotypic evolution by forcing evolving species along fixed trajectories. Alternatively, allometric relationships may result from natural selection for functional optimization. Despite nearly a century of active research, distinguishing between these alternatives remains difficult, partly due to wide differences in the meaning assigned to the term allometry. In particular, a broad use of the term, encompassing any monotonic relationship between body parts, has become common. This usage breaks the connection to the proportional growth regulation that motivated Huxley's original narrow‐sense use of allometry to refer to power–law relationships between traits. Focusing on the narrow‐sense definition of allometry, we review here evidence for and against the allometry‐as‐a‐constraint hypothesis. Although the low evolvability and the evolutionary invariance of the static allometric slope observed in some studies suggest a possible constraining effect of this parameter on phenotypic evolution, the lack of knowledge about selection on allometry prevents firm conclusions.
A Literature Review of IGBT Fault Diagnostic and Protection Methods for Power Inverters

This paper presents a survey on existing methods for fault diagnosis and protection of IGBT's, with special focus on those used in three-phase power inverters. Twenty one methods for open-circuit faults and ten methods for short-circuit faults are evaluated and summarized, based on their performance and implementation efforts. The gate-misfiring faults and their diagnostic methods are also briefly discussed. Finally, the promising methods are recommended for future work.
Student voices on social exclusion in general primary schools

Abstract Advocates of inclusive education argue that the social inclusion of students with special educational needs (SEN) increases when they are educated with typically developing peers. However, research indicates that this is not apparent for all students with SEN. Students with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) are often socially excluded. To understand the situation of these students, their voices should be heard. The aim of the current explorative study was to gain insight into: (1) the experiences of students with SEBD regarding victimisation and social exclusion, and (2) the approaches they applied and referred resolving social problems. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 socially excluded students from grades 5 and 6, attending general (N = 6) and segregated special (N = 21) primary education. The participants were prompted to talk about their own experiences using hypothetical scenarios. The interviews were analysed using a multi-grounded theory approach. The results show that students referred different approaches to resolving these social problems than the applied approaches. They would have liked to have seen their peers and teachers to show more initiative. In line with these results, the need to listen to the students’ voices are emphasised.