Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wireless Information and Power Transfer Design for Energy Cooperation Distributed Antenna Systems

Distributed antenna systems (DASs) have been widely implemented in the state-of-the-art cellular communication systems to cover dead spots. Recent studies have also indicated that DAS has advantages in wireless energy transfer (WET). In this paper, we study simultaneous wireless information and power transfer for a multiple-input single-output DAS in the downlink, which consists of arbitrarily distributed remote antenna units (RAUs). In order to save the energy cost, we adopt the energy cooperation of energy harvesting (EH) and two-way energy flows to let the RAUs trade their harvested energy through the smart grid network. Under individual EH constraints, per-RAU power constraints, and various smart grid considerations, we investigate a power management strategy that determines how to utilize the stochastically spatially distributed harvested energy at the RAUs and how to trade the energy with the smart grid simultaneously to supply maximum wireless information transfer (WIT) with a minimum WET constraint for a receiver adopting power splitting. Our analysis shows that the optimal design can be achieved in two steps. The first step is to maximize a new objective that can simultaneously maximize both WET and WIT, considering both the smart grid profitable and smart grid neutral cases. For the grid-profitable case, we derive the optimal full power strategy and provide a closed-form result to see under what condition this strategy is used. On the other hand, for the grid-neutral case, we illustrate that the optimal power policy has a double-threshold structure and present an optimal allocation strategy. The second step is then to solve the whole problem by obtaining the splitting power ratio based on the minimum WET constraint. Simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance under various settings and characterize the double-threshold structure.
TWO ESSAYS ON THE DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PRODUCTS

DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this work to my parents and my brother for their love, support, patience, and encouragement. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to acknowledge many people's help for the completion of this thesis and my master's program. I am especially grateful to Dr. Haizheng Li for his exemplary guidance and constant encouragement. I am really thankful to Dr. Patrick McCarthy for his precise and effective advice to perform my research. I want to express my gratitude to Dr. Jim McNutt and Dr. Bob Guide for their valuable insights into the industry and discussions that progress my research. Without them my paper would have not been accomplished. I also represent my thanks to my friends – White, and Aruna Srinivasan for their help and the fun we had together.
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Open Access Secretory Breast Carcinoma with Metastatic Sentinel Lymph Node

Background: Secretory mammary carcinoma is a rare breast neoplasia originally described in children but sometimes also found in adults. It presents a more favourable outcome than more common histological types of breast carcinoma; published literature in fact reports only a few cases with axillary lymph node metastases and only four cases with distant metastases.
The Sustainability of South African Current Account Deficits

Deficits in the South African current account since 2003 have been met with growing concern by economists. As these deficits reached unprecedented levels, questions about the sustainability of the country's external position have begun to arise. This paper tests the sustainability of South Africa's current account deficits via a test of the country's intertemporal budget constraint. Following a similar methodology to Husted (1992) in testing for the sustainability of U.S. current account deficits and Wu, Fountas and Chen (1996) for U.S. and Canadian deficits, this paper employs the Engle and Granger (1987) ADF test for cointegration. An initial finding of an unsustainable current account position is reversed once structural breaks at 1994:1 and 2003:2 are controlled for in the cointegration equation. This investigation therefore concludes that South African current account deficit is sustainable.
Ontology-based model of law retrieval system for R&D projects

Research and development projects have close relationship with laws. In some cases, new technologies resulted from R&D projects can't be used because some statutes restrict them. The reason of this problem is that researchers don't know exactly which laws can affect their R&D projects. To solve the issue, we suggest a model for law retrieval system that can be used by researchers of R&D projects to find related statutes. Input of this model is a query document that describes the main contents of a project. By using ontology, legal terms are extracted from the document and statutes defining them are retrieved as a set of related laws. After this searching process, statutes are provided to researchers with their ranks, which are assigned using relevance scores we developed. By using this model, we can make a system for researchers to search a list of statutes that may affect R&D projects, and finally, they can adjust their project's direction by checking the list, preventing their works from being useless.
Study of Pulse Wave Velocity Noninvasive Detecting Instrument Based on Radial Artery and Finger Photoplethysmography Pulse Wave

A radial artery and finger photoplethysmography (PPG) pulse wave velocity (PWV) noninvasive detecting instrument is designed. This instrument detects radial artery pulse wave and finger PPG pulse wave synchronously, and then radial-finger pulse wave velocity (PWVrf) is computed. The hardware adopts two separate circuits to reduce interference between the coinstantaneous radial artery pulse wave detection and finger PPG pulse wave detection. Moreover, the software can store detection results for dynamic analysis. The instrument has the advantage of convenience. It is noninvasive and has good clinical value in the detection of PWV.
A Framework for Overlay QoS Routing

The emergence of new types of popular multimedia services requires in the long run a quality-of-service (QoS) solution better than the best-effort service provided by IP. Failure to widely deploy either one of the main architectures for IP QoS, integrated services (IntServ) or differentiated services (DiffServ), has fueled research into alternate solutions based on overlay networks on top of IP. At Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH) we are working towards an architecture for multimedia distribution in overlay networks. An important part of this architecture is QoS overlay routing. This paper discusses Overlay Routing protocol (ORP), a framework for unicast overlay routing, which will be used to test various QoS routing protocols and algorithms.
Fractal and Wada Exit Basin Boundaries in tokamaks

The creation of an outer layer of chaotic magnetic field lines in a tokamak is useful to control plasma-wall interactions. Chaotic field lines (in the Lagrangian sense) in this region eventually hit the tokamak wall and are considered lost. Due to the underlying dynamical structure of this chaotic region, namely a chaotic saddle formed by intersections of invariant stable and unstable manifolds, the exit patterns are far from being uniform, rather presenting an involved fractal structure. If three or more exit basins are considered, the respective basins exhibit an even stronger Wada property, for which a boundary point is arbitrarily close to points belonging to all exit basins. We describe such a structure for a tokamak with an ergodic limiter by means of an analytical Poincare field line mapping.
INTEGRATING GUI PROTOTYPING INTO UML TOOLKIT

This paper introduces an extension of UML for modeling GUI prototypes. It presents the UML profile for GUI modeling, its implementation in MagicDraw, and its application to an experimental system. The profile contains stereotypes for the major GUI components that can be found in classic GUI libraries like Java Swing and several helper stereotypes and enumerations. While UML only allows defining an icon for a stereotype, the proper implementation of this profile requires rendering the symbols of the stereotyped elements as GUI components. This functionality was implemented as a plug-in to MagicDraw tool. The resulting solution enables storyboarding with GUI prototypes and linking their components with the other UML model elements like use cases, data class attributes, and states in GUI navigation state machines. These capabilities are demonstrated with examples from a test assessment system MagicTest, which is used for an experimental approval of linking the proposed profile with familiar software modeling artifacts.
Local Application of One-Level Trees

We propose a technique of local application of one-level decision and regression trees. We recognize local regions having similar characteristics and then build local expert on each of these regions describing the relationship between the data characteristics and the target value. We performed a comparison with other well known lazy methods on standard benchmark datasets and the proposed technique produced the most accurate results.
Three Strategies for Managing Fast Growth

To grow steadily and avoid stagnation, a company must learn how to scale up and extend its business, lengthen its expansion phase, and accumulate and apply new knowledge to products and markets faster than competitors. Managers can't leave growth to chance. They need a plan that renders consistent sales growth over the long term ? one that captures management's vision for expansion and that addresses the product and market combinations the company intends to pursue, the size it hopes to achieve in a particular time frame and the know-how and organizational structures needed. Such planning has an internal focus. It aims to help a company exert more control over its own fate as it rises to external challenges. Three thriving companies demonstrate three different strategies in action. The Netscape experience shows how a company can scale up ? do more of what it already does well. Netscape went from $80 million in sales in 1995, its first full year of operation, to $500 million just three years later. IKEA used duplication ? repeated the business model in new regions. Established in 1954 as a small domestic furniture manufacturer and retailer in Sweden, by 1999 IKEA had 50,000 employees and a presence in 25 countries. As the authors explain in depth, IKEA's success is tied to the way it manages and transfers knowledge. SAP's growth strategy is an example of granulation ? growing select business units. SAP started with a basic enterprise-resource-planning system, then moved to multiple products for e-commerce and Internet activities. Using one product as a platform, it began allowing customers to fine-tune virtually any resource-planning system. The authors emphasize the importance of combining strategies for growth with explicit strategies for learning. Companies must decide what kind of growth strategy they want to pursue, given their capabilities and market opportunities. They must then make the strategy work by changing their structure and processes in a way that lets them acquire or create specific knowledge about new technologies, customers and industries. The integration of growth strategies and learning strategies is at the heart of success.
Influence of Implant Surface Topography on Primary Stability in a Standardized Osteoporosis Rabbit Model Study

Evaluating primary stability is important to predict the prognosis of dental implant treatment. Primary stability is decreased in a low bone density site such as osteoporosis. However, it is difficult to apply in small animal and the effect of the different implant surface topography for the primary stability at low bone density site has not yet fully been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of implant surface topography on primary stability in a standardized osteoporosis animal model. Six rabbits underwent ovariectomy and administrated glucocorticoid to induce an osteoporosis model. Sham-operations were performed in additional six rabbits. Implants with machined or oxidized-surfaces were inserted into the femur epiphyses and insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured. In sham model, the IT and ISQ did not differ significantly between the both implant. However, the IT value of oxidized-surface implant was significantly higher than that of the machined implant in the osteoporosis model. Meanwhile, ISQ did not significantly differ between the machined and oxidized-surfaced implants. In conclusion, the IT of implants is higher with rough than with smooth surfaces but that there are no differences in ISQ value between different surfaces in a standardized osteoporosis bone reduced rabbit model.
A Video Watermark Achievement Algorithm Based on Content of the Video Sub-Region

R esisting collusion attack is one of important performances of video watermark algorithm. This paper presents a novel video watermark algorithm based on the visual features of the host video. The proposed algorithm embeds watermark on the DWT coefficients of sub-regions. The mechanism of JND (just-noticeable distortion) is used to attenuate the embedding strength in the sub-region. Experimental results show the proposed scheme can effectively resist two types of linear collusion attacks while still being robust, stable and imperceptible.
Alterations in the coupling functions between cortical and cardio-respiratory oscillations due to anaesthesia with propofol and sevoflurane

The precise mechanisms underlying general anaesthesia pose important and still open questions. To address them, we have studied anaesthesia induced by the widely used (intravenous) propofol and (inhalational) sevoflurane anaesthetics, computing cross-frequency coupling functions between neuronal, cardiac and respiratory oscillations in order to determine their mutual interactions. The phase domain coupling function reveals the form of the function defining the mechanism of an interaction, as well as its coupling strength. Using a method based on dynamical Bayesian inference, we have thus identified and analysed the coupling functions for six relationships. By quantitative assessment of the forms and strengths of the couplings, we have revealed how these relationships are altered by anaesthesia, also showing that some of them are differently affected by propofol and sevoflurane. These findings, together with the novel coupling function analysis, offer a new direction in the assessment of general anaesthesia and neurophysiological interactions, in general.
The phase space of interactions in neural networks with definite symmetry

We calculate the typical fraction of the phase space of interactions which solve the problem of storing a given set of p patterns represented as N-spin configurations, as a function of the storage ratio, a = p/N, of the stability parameter, K, and of the symmetry, 7, of the interaction matrices. The calculation is performed for strongly diluted networks, where the connectivity of each spin, C, is of the order of In N. For each value of K and 17, there is a maximal value of a, above which the volume of solutions vanishes. For each value of K and a, there is a typical value of 7 at which this volume is maximal. The analytical studies are supplemented by numerical simulations on fully connected and diluted networks, using specific learning algorithms.
Accelerating NFV with fast path offloading

In this paper, we propose Fast Path Offloading (FPO), a new framework that accelerates the performance of many virtual Network Functions. FPO enables the Network Functions to offload the majority of the traffic processing to the underlying network. We implemented FPO and used it to accelerate the performance of HA-proxy, an open source L7 load balancer.
Method for estimating parameters of 3G data traffic

A large diversity of services based on packet switching in the third generation (3G) wireless system leads to dramatic changes in the characteristics and parameters of the data traffic. It is expected that the traffic in the 3G systems undergo both quantitative and qualitative changes. In particular, there is a considerable increase of a rate of transactions and an amount of information transferred during the transactions. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the notion of self-similarity that take place in the 3G systems due to the high variability of burstiness of the multiservice traffic. For these reasons, the prediction problem of data traffic characteristics becomes more complex when planning the 3G wireless systems. In this paper the estimation method for the main parameters of the data traffic in the 3G mobile networks taking into account the above-mentioned 3G features is considered. It is based on a probabilistic model of events initiated by calls of 3G services. It is proposed to make both a decomposition of 3G services into some subsets in accordance with an average amount of transferred data during transactions and a distribution of 3G prospective users into some subgroups in accordance with the Pareto law.
Rendering Virtual Environments From Photographs : An Autonomous , Image { based Approach

An autonomous, image{based technique for rendering real{time navigable, virtual environments is discussed. The technique uses photographs of a scene from two or more views and the given geometric, light source, and camera information to recover specular properties and di use re ectance textures for the shown surfaces. This allows additional views of the scene to be rendered using novel illumination if necessary. Recovery of the re ectance properties is achieved through a partial inversion of the virtual environment rendering equation, which incorporates radiosity and rst{order specular re ection. An example environment rendered using this technique is described. i
A brain signals-based interface between drivers and in-vehicle devices

In this paper, we propose a novel interface between drivers and in-vehicle devices by using steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) of brain signals. The SSVEP is detected by a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) classifier and applied to turn on and turn off in-vehicle devices. The proposed interface is built and tested online in a driving simulator by requiring drivers to use the interface to interact with the in-vehicle device while performing the primary driving tasks including lane keeping and obstacle avoidance. The pilot experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed interface.
Dynamic flow aggregation in SDNs for application-aware routing

The software defined network (SDN) presents a good opportunity to realize application-aware routing by offering programmability for the network. Due to limited sizes of ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) in SDN switches, flow aggregation is needed to resolve the flow table overflow problem. We propose bit & subset weaving to relieve the problem which utilizes instruction slicing to produce an instruction-independent partition and applies the bit and subset weaving to merge flow entries in each subset of a partition. Comparing with the Fast Flow Table Aggregation (FFTA) scheme [7], the average compression ratio (the average flow aggregation time) of the proposed bit & subset weaving is better (smaller) than that of FFTA.
CCS expressions, finite state processes, and three problems of equivalence

We examine the computational complexity of testing finite state processes for equivalence, in the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS). This equivalence problem in CCS is presented as a refinement of the familiar problem of testing whether two nondeterministic finite state automata (n.f.s.a.) accept the same language. Three notions of equivalence, proposed for CCS, are investigated: (1) observation equivalence, (2) congruence, and (3) failure equivalence. We show that observation equivalence (@@@@) can be tested in cubic time and is the limit of a sequence of equivalence notions (@@@@<subscrpt><italic>k</italic></subscrpt>), where, @@@@<subscrpt>1</subscrpt> is the familiar n.f. s.a. equivalence and, for each fixed <italic>k</italic>, @@@@<subscrpt><italic>k</italic></subscrpt> is PSPACE-complete. We provide an <italic>O</italic>(<italic>nlogn</italic>) test for congruence for <italic>n</italic> state processes of bounded fanout, by extending the algorithm that minimizes the states of d.f. s.a. 's. Finally, we show that, even for a very restricted type of process, testing for failure equivalence is PSPACE-complete.
Contrast Brushes: Interactive Image Enhancement by Direct Manipulation

We implement contrast brushes, an interactive method for directly brushing contrast adjustments onto an image. The adjustments are performed by a histogram warping approach that implements tone mapping using piecewisedefined, continuously differentiable, monotonic splines. This allows the independent specification of tone changes and contrast adjustments without causing halo or contouring artifacts, while still endowing contrast brushes with intelligible parameters that render their effects predictable for the user. A user study demonstrates that contrast brushes can prove more effective than Adobe Photoshop's interactive contrast enhancement tools.
Transmitters separation for single frequency networks

In a single frequency network (SFN), the signals coming from nearby transmitters are mixed. Since the interfering signals can be seen as (very) long term echoes, an effective method to combat echoes, such as OFDM, is a natural candidate for the SFN. However, although OFDM is a very efficient method, the very long delays that characterise SFN echoes require extremely long packets in OFDM transmissions and high stability of the subcarriers frequencies. An alternative approach based on array processing is proposed. The signals received by the sensors are filtered and downconverted. Then, source separation is performed using transmitters localisation and multiplication by the pseudo-inverse of the estimated mixture matrix. Symbol timing and carrier recovery is then performed on each separated component. Furthermore, in order to increase the SNR, these components can be globally synchronised (using a correlator) and summed. Experimental results are finally presented and show good performance of the approach in a realistic configuration.
An ontology design methodology for Knowledge-Based systems with application to bioinformatics

Ontologies are formal knowledge representation models. Knowledge organization is a fundamental requirement in order to develop Knowledge-Based systems. In this paper we present Data-Problem-Solver (DPS) approach, a new ontological paradigm that allows the knowledge designer to model and represent a Knowledge Base (KB) for expert systems. Our approach clearly distinguishes among the knowledge about a problem to resolve (answering the “what to do” question), the solver method to resolve it (answering the “how to do” question) and the type of input data required (answering the “what I need” question). The main purpose of the proposed paradigm is to facilitate the generalization of the application domain and the modularity and the expandability of the represented knowledge. The proposed DPS ontological approach is applied to the modelling of the knowledge about a bioinformatics application scenario: the protein complex extraction from a protein-protein interaction network.