Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effective Ransomware Prevention Technique Using Process Monitoring on Android Platform

Due to recent indiscriminate attacks of ransomware, damage cases including encryption of users’ important files are constantly increasing. The existing vaccine systems are vulnerable to attacks of new pattern ransomware because they can only detect the ransomware of existing patterns. More effective technique is required to prevent modified ransomware. In this paper, an effective method is proposed to prevent the attacks of modified ransomware on Android platform. The proposed technique specifies and intensively monitors processes and specific file directories using statistical methods based on Processor usage, Memory usage, and I/O rates so that the process with abnormal behaviors can be detected. If the process running a suspicious ransomware is detected, the proposed system will stop the process and take steps to confirm the deletion of programs associated with the process from users. The information of suspected and exceptional processes confirmed by users is stored in a database. The proposed technique can detect ransomware even if you do not save its patterns. Its speed of detection is very fast because it can be implemented in Android source code instead of mobile application. In addition, it can effectively determine modified patterns of ransomware and provide protection with minimum damage.
Analysis of a link layer protocol for high speed data bus

A parallel data bus based on the slotted ring idea with destination release policy is proposed and analyzed. Analytical results are compared to simulations and actual measurements carried out in a test network with a 200-Mb/s data rate. Transfer delays are calculated by mathematical analysis and computer simulation for networks with five and eight nodes with Poisson distributed load. Two different destination address distributions are used, i.e., uniform and geometric. The results indicate good performance for a large range of load. Potential applications include a back-plane bus for multiprocessor systems, and a local fiber optic network for real-time traffic, e.g., multimedia applications.
An overview of the multi-database manipulation language MDSL

With the increase in availability of databases, data needed by a user are frequently in separate autonomous databases. The logical properties of such data differ from the classical ones within a single database. In particular, they call for new functions for data manipulation. MDSL is a new data manipulation language providing such functions. Most of the MDSL functions are not available in other languages.
Health-related quality of life outcomes in chronic kidney disease

Purpose of reviewPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) endure compromised health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Although the link between HRQOL and increased mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is well documented, less is known about the relationship between CKD and HRQOL. This article reviews the recent evidence on HRQOL, its correlates and proposed intervention strategies to improve HRQOL in CKD. Recent findingsA growing body of literature indicates that various comorbid conditions related to CKD play a substantial role in impaired HRQOL in CKD. Hypertension, both a cause and complication of CKD, negatively affects HRQOL due to associated comorbidities, side effects from antihypertensive medications and awareness of the diagnosis. Anemia has been associated with HRQOL, but concerns about the safety of erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) have led to more conservative anemia treatment. Frailty, symptom burden and depression are also major contributory factors to HRQOL in CKD. SummaryCertain determinants of HRQOL in CKD, namely anemia and depression, are treatable. Early identification and correction may improve overall well being of patients. Clinical trials are required to demonstrate whether treatment interventions benefit HRQOL in this high-risk population. Furthermore, whether integration of HRQOL assessment into routine clinical practice will improve HRQOL outcomes remains to be determined.
Auctioning Sovereign Bonds: A Global Cross-Section Investigation of the Price Mechanism

Many financial assets, especially government bonds, are issued by an auction. An important feature of the design is the auction pricing mechanism: Uniform vs. Discriminatory. Theoretical papers do not provide a definite answer regarding the dominance of one type of auction over the other. We investigate the revealed preferences of the issuers by surveying the sovereign issuers that conduct auctions. We find that the majority of the issuers/countries in our sample use a discriminatory auction mechanism for issuing government debt securities. We use a multinomial logit procedure and discriminatory analysis to investigate the mechanism choice. It was interesting to find that market oriented economies and those that practice Common law tend to use a uniform method while economies who are less market oriented and practice Civil law tend to use discriminatory price auctions.
Can People Judge the Veracity of Their Intuitions?

People differ in the belief that their intuitions produce good decision outcomes. In the present research, we sought to test the validity of these beliefs by comparing individuals’ self-reports with measures of actual intuition performance in a standard implicit learning task, exposing participants to seemingly random letter strings (Studies 1a–b) and social media profile pictures (Study 2) that conformed to an underlying rule or grammar. A meta-analysis synthesizing the present data (N = 400) and secondary data by Pretz, Totz, and Kaufman found that people’s enduring beliefs in their intuitions were not reflective of actual performance in the implicit learning task. Meanwhile, task-specific confidence in intuition bore no sizable relation with implicit learning performance, but the observed data favoured neither the null hypothesis nor the alternative hypothesis. Together, the present findings suggest that people’s ability to judge the veracity of their intuitions may be limited.
Divergence between samples of chimpanzee and human DNA sequences is 5%, counting indels

Five chimpanzee bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences (described in GenBank) have been compared with the best matching regions of the human genome sequence to assay the amount and kind of DNA divergence. The conclusion is the old saw that we share 98.5% of our DNA sequence with chimpanzee is probably in error. For this sample, a better estimate would be that 95% of the base pairs are exactly shared between chimpanzee and human DNA. In this sample of 779 kb, the divergence due to base substitution is 1.4%, and there is an additional 3.4% difference due to the presence of indels. The gaps in alignment are present in about equal amounts in the chimp and human sequences. They occur equally in repeated and nonrepeated sequences, as detected by repeatmasker (http://ftp.genome.washington.edu/RM/RepeatMasker.html).
Machine Learning for Human Motion Analysis and Gesture Recognition

In this thesis, we investigate machine learning methods for human motion analysis. We introduce algorithms for human pose estimation and activity recognition that do not rely on classical cameras and that can cope with noisy and incomplete input data. We propose methods that capture human movements using body-worn inertial sensors or using a depth camera. In a training phase, the measurements from these modalities are complemented with precise motion data recorded with a camera-based system. We present a novel technique for learning human motion models from this data using non-linear dimesionality reduction and regression, enabling human pose estimation and activity recognition given only the inertial sensor or depth data. As an application scenario, we present a customizable method for gesture-based interaction in the operating room that fills an existing gap, as confirmed by surgeons.
Gestion d’énergie de véhicules multi-sources électriques et hybrides au travers de la représentation énergétique macroscopique

Les vehicules routiers sont a une etape majeure de leur histoire. Face aux enjeux actuels d’ordre economiques et environnementaux, le vehicule routier du futur se doit d’etre le moins energivore et avoir une empreinte environnementale la plus reduite possible. Les vehicules multi sources representent des solutions interessantes afin de repondre a ces preoccupations. Cependant, ces vehicules utilisent des systemes de propulsion particulierement complexes tant au niveau de leur architecture que de leur commande. En particulier, la gestion des differentes sources d’energie represente un point cle pour l’efficacite energetique et environnementale des vehicules a concevoir. Elle devient un reel challenge des que l’on depasse le nombre usuel de deux sources comme dans le cas des vehicules hybrides actuels et des vehicules electriques mixtes (batterie et supercondensateurs). L’objectif des travaux relatifs a cette these est de proposer une methodologie structuree pour la synthese de la gestion d’energie en temps reel, de vehicules multi-sources electriques ou hybrides. Cette demarche s’appuie sur une approche systemique utilisant la modelisation et la Representation Energetique Macroscopique (REM) en tant qu’outil d’aide a la synthese des modeles et de la commande associee. Une demarche systematique pour la synthese des strategies basees sur la commande optimale a ete ensuite associee a cet ensemble profitant de la REM comme outil structurant. En effet, la REM respectant la causalite « physique » (causalite integrale) d’une part, et permettant d’effectuer une distinction claire entre la commande dite « locale » et le niveau « strategie » d’autre part, la formulation du probleme de commande optimale est realisee de maniere efficace et structuree. Ainsi, en partant du cas du vehicule electrique avec un systeme multi-source batterie/supercondensateurs deja etudiee dans la litterature, la methode a ete appliquee pour la synthese d’une loi de gestion d’energie basee sur la commande optimale. Ensuite, des sources ont ete rajoutees pour passer au cas de trois sources en incluant une Pile a combustible puis quatre sources en rajoutant un groupe electrogene. Les principes developpes sont valides par simulation et par l’intermediaire de tests experimentaux, afin de s’assurer entre autres, de la faisabilite en temps reel des strategies developpees.
Phlorizin: a review

The dihydrochalcone phlorizin is a natural product and dietary constituent found in a number of fruit trees. It has been used as a pharmaceutical and tool for physiology research for over 150 years. Phlorizin's principal pharmacological action is to produce renal glycosuria and block intestinal glucose absorption through inhibition of the sodium–glucose symporters located in the proximal renal tubule and mucosa of the small intestine.
An Adaptive Systematic Lossy Error Protection Scheme for Broadcast Applications Based on Frequency Filtering and Unequal Picture Protection

Systematic lossy error protection (SLEP) is a robust error resilient mechanism based on principles of Wyner-Ziv (WZ) coding for video transmission over error-prone networks. In an SLEP scheme, the video bitstream is separated into two parts: a systematic part consisting of a video sequence transmitted without channel coding, and additional information consisting of a WZ supplementary stream. This paper presents an adaptive SLEP scheme in which the WZ stream is obtained by frequency filtering in the transform domain. Additionally, error resilience varies adaptively depending on the characteristics of compressed video. We show that the proposed SLEP architecture achieves graceful degradation of reconstructed video quality in the presence of increasing transmission errors. Moreover, it provides good performances in terms of error protection as well as reconstructed video quality if compared to solutions based on coarser quantization, while offering an interesting embedded scheme to apply digital video format conversion.
AN ABJS BEST PAPER: Difference Between the Epicondylar and Cylindrical Axis of the Knee

Locating the true flexion-extension axis of the knee can play an important role in component placement in a total knee arthroplasty, especially using contemporary computer-assisted surgical navigation. We determined if the commonly used transepicondylar axis is an accurate and reproducible substitute for the flexion-extension axis. Twenty-three fresh-frozen cadaveric distal femurs with intact soft tissue were imaged with computed tomography and reconstructed in three-dimensional virtual space. The transepicondylar axis was compared with a line equidistant from the articular surface of each femoral condyle. Measures were performed by three observers three times for each specimen. Interobserver and intraobserver variations were small, but the differences between axes were approximately 5°. The difference between axes decreased when projected from three-dimensional space to traditional two-dimensional planes (coronal and transverse), explaining why this discrepancy has not been previously documented. The greater difference in three-dimensional space may account for midrange instability reported in total knee arthroplasty. The increased accuracy afforded by computer-assisted surgical navigation in total knee arthroplasty may be lost and increased malposition of components may occur if this discrepancy between reference axes is not appreciated and addressed.
Discovering breast cancer drug candidates from biomedical literature

We developed a new paradigm with the ultimate goal of enabling disease-specific drug candidate discovery with molecular-level evidences generated from literature and prior knowledge. We showed how to implement the paradigm by building a prototype literature-mining framework and performing drug-protein association mining for breast cancer drug discovery. In a molecular pharmacology study of breast cancer, 79.2% of 729 enriched drugs in 'Organic Chemicals' category were validated to be disease-related, and the remaining 20.8% were also investigated as potential for future molecular therapeutics studies. 'Doxorubicin', 'Etoposide' and 'Paclitaxel' were identified as having similar pharmacological profiles to treat breast cancer.
Influência local em modelos de regressão.

Neste trabalho, estudamos a influencia local em modelos de regressao.Este metodo foi proposto inicialmente por Cook (1986) e tem se mostrado como um poderoso instrumento da analise de diagnostico. A proposta de Cook consiste em avaliar a curvatura normal de uma superficie, baseada na medida Likelihood Displacement, sob uma pequena peturbacao no modelo. Em seguida apresentamos a abordagem de Billor e Loynes (1993), que aplicam uma medida Likelihood Displacement modificada, cuja primeira deriva da nao se anula, exceto em casos triviais, com isso a inclinacao maxima e usada como medida de influencia local. No final, discutimos tres aplicacoes onde utilizamos algumas tecnicas graficas de diagnostico e as duas propostas de influencia local aqui referidas.
Infants' acceptance of phonotactically illegal word forms as object labels*

Abstract We investigated 16- and 20-month-olds' flexibility in mapping phonotactically illegal words to objects. Using an associative word-learning task, infants were presented with a training phase that either highlighted or did not highlight the referential status of a novel label. Infants were then habituated to two novel objects, each paired with a phonotactically illegal Czech word. When referential cues were provided, 16-, but not 20-month-olds, formed word–object mappings. In the absence of referential cues, infants of both ages failed to map the novel words. These findings illustrate the complex interplay between infants' developing sound system and their word learning abilities.
Is Products Recommendation Good? An Experiment on User Satisfaction

Recommendation systems may use different algorithms to present relevant information to users. In ecommerce contexts, these systems are essential to provide users with a customized experience. Several studies have evaluated different recommendation algorithms against their accuracy, but only a few evaluate algorithms from the user satisfaction viewpoint. We here present a study that aims to identify how different recommendation algorithms trigger different perceptions of satisfaction on users. Our research approach was an experiment using products and sales data from a real small retailer. Users expressed their satisfaction perception for three different algorithms. The study results show that the algorithms proposed did not trigger different perceptions of satisfaction on users, giving clues of improvements to small retailers websites.
The association between caffeine and cognitive decline: examining alternative causal hypotheses

ABSTRACT Background: Numerous studies suggest that higher coffee consumption may reduce the rate of aging-related cognitive decline in women. It is thus potentially a cheap and widely available candidate for prevention programs provided its mechanism may be adequately understood. The assumed effect is that of reduced amyloid deposition, however, alternative pathways notably by reducing depression and diabetes type 2 risk have not been considered. Methods: A population study of 1,193 elderly persons examining depressive symptomatology, caffeine consumption, fasting glucose levels, type 2 diabetes onset, serum amyloid, and factors known to affect cognitive performance was used to explore alternative causal models. Results: Higher caffeine consumption was found to be associated with decreased risk of incident diabetes in men (HR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.42–0.97) and increased risk in women (HR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.08–2.11). No association was found with incident depression. While in the total sample lower ratio Aβ42/Aβ40 levels (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.77, p = 0.02) were found in high caffeine consumers, this failed to reach significance when the analyses were stratified by gender. Conclusions: We found no evidence that reduced risk of cognitive decline in women with high caffeine consumption is moderated or confounded by diabetes or depression. The evidence of an association with plasma beta amyloid could not be clearly demonstrated. Insufficient proof of causal mechanisms currently precludes the recommendation of coffee consumption as a public health measure. Further research should focus on the high estrogen content of coffee as a plausible alternative explanation.
Hybrid Word-Character Neural Machine Translation for Modern Standard Arabic

Traditional neural machine translation architectures use a word-level approach that assumes all important words have enumerable and relatively frequent surface forms. This assumption is invalid for the large number of non-analytic languages that form new words on the basis of complex morphological processes. Contributing to the quest of finding a universalist architecture that performs well for all language pairs, Luong and Manning recently suggested a hybrid model that backs off to character-level representations when word-level representations are unavailable. We reimplement Luong and Manning’s hybrid model in TensorFlow and apply it to Arabic machine translation. With this architecture, we are able to repeatedly saturate our models and achieve a best BLEU score of 42.05, which approaches state-of-the-art.
Biofabrication of a three-dimensional liver micro-organ as an in vitro drug metabolism model

In their normal in vivo matrix milieu, tissues assume complex well-organized three-dimensional architectures. Therefore, the primary aim in the tissue engineering design process is to fabricate an optimal analog of the in vivo scenario. This challenge can be addressed by applying emerging layered biofabrication approaches in which the precise configuration and composition of cells and bioactive matrix components can recapitulate the well-defined three-dimensional biomimetic microenvironments that promote cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. Furthermore, the advent of and refinements in microfabricated systems can present physical and chemical cues to cells in a controllable and reproducible fashion unmatched with conventional cultures, resulting in the precise construction of engineered biomimetic microenvironments on the cellular length scale in geometries that are readily parallelized for high throughput in vitro models. As such, the convergence of layered solid freeform fabrication (SFF) technologies along with microfabrication techniques enables the creation of a three-dimensional micro-organ device to serve as an in vitro platform for cell culture, drug screening or to elicit further biological insights, particularly for NASA's interest in a flight-suitable high-fidelity microscale platform to study drug metabolism in space and planetary environments. The proposed model in this paper involves the combinatorial setup of an automated syringe-based, layered direct cell writing bioprinting process with micro-patterning techniques to fabricate a microscale in vitro device housing a chamber of bioprinted three-dimensional liver cell-encapsulated hydrogel-based tissue constructs in defined design patterns that biomimic the cell's natural microenvironment for enhanced biological functionality. In order to assess the structural formability and biological feasibility of such a micro-organ, reproducibly fabricated tissue constructs were biologically characterized for liver cell-specific function. Another key facet of the in vivo microenvironment that was recapitulated with the in vitro system included the necessary dynamic perfusion of the three-dimensional microscale liver analog with cells probed for their collective drug metabolic function and suitability as a drug metabolism model. This paper details the principles and methods that undergird the direct cell writing biofabrication process development and adaptation of microfluidic devices for the creation of a drug screening model, thereby establishing a novel drug metabolism study platform for NASA's interest to adopt a microfluidic microanalytical device with an embedded three-dimensional microscale liver tissue analog to assess drug pharmacokinetic profiles in planetary environments.
Synchronization of a complex network with switched coupling

Abstract Synchronization of a complex network with switched coupling is considered. In particular, we establish a simple method to obtain a proper coupling strength for the network. Via switched system theory, with this coupling strength, we achieve synchronization of the network without requiring synchronizability of all possible configurations. First, we convert the network into a switched system with the reduced number of subsystems which are static complex networks whose configurations are non isomorphic via partitioning all possible configurations generated from the switched coupling. Then, we obtain a finite number of coupling strength candidates from the subsystems. By applying the average dwell time approach, synchronization of the network is indeed achieved with the coupling strength chosen among the candidates.