Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Everyone Needs a Friend Sometimes” – Social Predictors of Long-Term Remission In First Episode Psychosis

Background: Predictors of long-term symptomatic remission are crucial to the successful tailoring of treatment in first episode psychosis. There is lack of studies distinguishing the predictive effects of different social factors. This prevents a valid evaluating of their independent effects. Objectives: To test specific social baseline predictors of long-term remission. We hypothesized that first, satisfaction with social relations predicts remission; second, that frequency of social interaction predicts remission; and third, that the effect of friend relationship satisfaction and frequency will be greater than that of family relations satisfaction and frequency. Material and Methods: A sample of first episode psychosis (n = 186) completed baseline measures of social functioning, as well as clinical assessments. We compared groups of remitted and non-remitted individuals using generalized estimating equations analyses. Results: Frequency of social interaction with friends was a significant positive predictor of remission over a two-year period. Neither global perceived social satisfaction nor frequency of family interaction showed significant effects. Conclusions: The study findings are of particular clinical importance since frequency of friendship interaction is a possibly malleable factor. Frequency of interaction could be affected through behavioral modification and therapy already from an early stage in the course, and thus increase remission rates.
Effects on protein kinase C-beta inhibition on glomerular vascular endothelial growth factor expression and endothelial cells in advanced experimental diabetic nephropathy.

Ruboxistaurin is an inhibitor of the beta isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-beta) that reduces the actions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and attenuates the progression of diabetic retinopathy. In the glomerulus VEGF is constitutively expressed where it likely has a role in maintaining endothelial cell integrity, particularly in disease states. Given its potential use in diabetic nephropathy, we sought to determine the effects of PKC-beta inhibition on VEGF and glomerular endothelial cells in experimental diabetic nephropathy. Studies were conducted in (mRen-2)27 rat, a transgenic rodent with hypertension and an enhanced renin-angiotensin system that following induction of diabetes with streptozotocin develops many of the features of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, to mimic the clinical context, the effects of PKC-beta inhibition were examined both with and without concomitant angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy. Diabetic Ren-2 rats were randomized to receive either vehicle, the ACE inhibitor, perindopril (0.2 mg/l in drinking water), ruboxistaurin (10 mg.kg(-1). day(-1), admixed in chow), or their combination and studied for 12 wk. Diabetic Ren-2 rats displayed glomerular endothelial cell loss in association with overexpression of VEGF mRNA. Both cell loss and VEGF overexpression were attenuated by the administration of either perindopril or ruboxistaurin, as single agent treatments with their combination providing additional, incremental improvements, reducing these manifestations of injury down to levels seen in nondiabetic, normotensive, nontransgenic animals. Combination therapy was also associated with additional improvements in albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis.
Spin-polarized interface states at the Pd(111)/Fe(110), Pd(111)/Co(0001), and Pt(111)/Co(0001) interfaces.

The spin-resolved electronic structure of epitaxial Pd overlayers on Fe(110) and on Co(0001) and of Pt overlayers on Co(0001) has been investigated by means of spin-resolved as well as spin-integrated, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Valence-band energy-distribution curves (EDC's) for thin overlayer films show at the Γ point of the surface Brillouin zone overlayer-induced peaks at -1.5 eV binding energy for Pd/Fe, -1.3 eV for Pd/Co, and -1.2 eV for Pt/Co
Patterns of trait convergence and divergence among native and exotic species in herbaceous plant communities are not modified by nitrogen enrichment

1. Community assembly theories predict that the success of invading species into a new community should be predictable by functional traits. Environmental filters could constrain the number of successful ecological strategies in a habitat, resulting in similar suites of traits between native and successfully invading species (convergence). Conversely, concepts of limiting similarity and competitive exclusion predict native species will prevent invasion by functionally similar exotic species, resulting in trait divergence between the two species pools. Nutrient availability may further alter the strength of convergent or divergent forces in community assembly, by relaxing environmental constraints and/or influencing competitive interactions.
Tectonic subsidence analysis of the Williston Basin

The Williston Basin is one of a number of North American intracratonic basins whose subsidence is poorly understood. The Basin is circular in shape and contains nearly 5 kIn of preserved sedimentary rocks at its center; ranging from Cambrian to Tertiary in age. The Basin's subsidence is investigated quantitatively using the backstripping method in order to gain a better understanding of its origin. Data from 24 oil exploration wells located in central and northwest portions of the basin were correlated and used in the study. A computer program called UNPAK was developed to perform the backstripping analysis. Tectonic subsidence curves were calculated to evaluate episodic subsidence models and extrapolated across unconformities to evaluate continuous subsidence models. Extrapolated tectonic subsidence curves near the center of the basin display a relatively constant subsidence through the Paleozoic, at a rate of slightly less than 1 em ka-1, and then decrease to the present-day. Improbable behavior of subsidence curves was used to constrain the magnitude of the eustatic models used in the backstripping calculations. A Cambro-Ordovician first-order rise of between 100 and 160 m, and a Cretaceous first-order rise of approximately 150 m above present-day sea level are consistent with the stratigraphic record in the Basin. No bathymetric corrections were used in the backstripping calculations, however, results from this study indicate water depth during deposition of the Bakken Formation was probably in the range of 50 to 100m. Calculated point-loads necessary to account for the deflection of the Basin (using an elastic plate model) ranged from 2.5 x 1018 N to 2.9 x 1018 N, for an episodic model. If a continuous subsidence model was invoked, then a load of between 5.3 x 1018 Nand 6.5 x 1018 N is required to account for the deflection of the Basin.
Tectonic significance of ductile deformation in low-grade sandstones in the mesozoic Otago subduction wedge, New Zealand

This study demonstrates how ductile strain measurements can determine the tectonic evolution of a large and long-lived subduction wedge. We provide a synthesis of the geology of the South Island of New Zealand, with an emphasis on a wedge tectonics perspective that contrasts with a traditional view that interprets New Zealand geology in the context of terrane collision and accretion. We argue that the Otago subduction wedge evolved in a steady fashion throughout its 290 to 105 Ma history in response to accretion of trench-fill and abyssal-plain sediments, and slow erosion of a subaerially-exposed forearc high. Maximum temperatures for rocks in the flanks of the forearc high were no greater than 150 to 300 °C, with solution mass-transfer active as the dominant ductile mechanism. The 54 studied samples provide information about the absolute ductile strains acquired all along their flow-path, from the site of accretion to exhumation in the forearc high. We use tensor-averages to estimate strain at a regional scale. These show plane-strain uniaxial flattening, given that the tensor-averages for Sy and Sx are close to one. On average, Sz is approximately 0.77, and this is balanced by a mass loss of about 23 percent. The average Z direction is sub-horizontal in the prowedge and moderately plunging in the retrowedge, a difference attributed to spatial variations in the mode of accretion. We infer that rocks presently in the pro-side of the Otago high were sourced by frontal accretion, and those in the retro-side were underplated. This result highlights the important role of accretion in determining the style of within-wedge deformation, and also demonstrates the benefit of using a tensor-averaging approach to examine regional strain.
High‐speed rupture in the first 20 s of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, Japan

The 2011 Tohoku earthquake produced tens of meters of fault slip near the Japan Trench, which generated devastating tsunami. The rupture process before the huge slip is still unclear due to a lack of resolution. Here I perform a multiscale slip inversion analysis to examine the first 10 and 20 s of the rupture process and the whole rupture process at different scales. The result shows that 4 s after the initiation, this earthquake started with a relatively high‐speed rupture that had a peak slip rate faster than 1 m/s and a rupture velocity comparable to 3 km/s. Fourteen seconds after the initiation, the rupture propagation direction changed from northward to westward, near the edge of the M 7.3 foreshock coseismic slip area. The stress release by the foreshock may contribute to the complex small‐scale rupture propagation, which may appear to be slow rupture propagation when only looking at long‐period data.
Hierarchical Machine Translation With Discontinuous Phrases

We present a hierarchical statistical machine translation system which supports discontinuous constituents. It is based on synchronous linear context-free rewriting systems (SLCFRS), an extension to synchronous context-free grammars in which synchronized non-terminals span k 1 continuous blocks on either side of the bitext. This extension beyond contextfreeness is motivated by certain complex alignment configurations that are beyond the alignment capacity of current translation models and their relatively frequent occurrence in hand-aligned data. Our experiments for translating from German to English demonstrate the feasibility of training and decoding with more expressive translation models such as SLCFRS and show a modest improvement over a context-free baseline.
Recognition of bronchus in three-dimensional X-ray CT images with applications to virtualized bronchoscopy system

In this paper we present a procedure to extract bronchus area from 3D chest X-ray CT images. Extraction of bronchus from chest X-ray CT images is of critical importance for both the computer aided detection of lung cancer and the virtual bronchoscopy system. This procedure consists of three major steps: 1) calculation of a start point for region growing; 2) determination of the optimum threshold value; and 3) final extraction of bronchus area with the optimum threshold value. The proposed procedure extracts the bronchus area by following the inside points of bronchus. A 3D region growing method, called the 3D painting algorithm, is developed to perform this. The position of a starting point for the 3D painting algorithm is selected in the trachea automatically by using the shape features of trachea. Also this procedure can search the optimum threshold value by using the information of bronchus shape. We applied this method to real three dimensional X-ray CT images and confirmed that it worked satisfactorily.
Seasonal variation of wind‐driven diurnal current cycling on the Texas‐Louisiana Continental Shelf

We describe observations of large amplitude wind‐driven current oscillations of 24‐hr period occurring in the near‐surface layer of waters of the Texas‐Louisiana continental shelf. The near‐surface anti‐cyclonic current amplitudes can reach 60 cm s−1 and represent the largest non‐storm induced high‐frequency currents on the shelf. These currents can persist for a week or more, as long as driving diurnal winds persist with uninterrupted phase. The latitude of the shelf and the diurnal period of the wind‐forcing combine to produce conditions for a near‐resonant response of the surface currents to the wind stress, such that, the resulting currents are almost an order of magnitude greater than those found from steady Ekman drift. The oscillations are phase‐locked to time of day suggesting a connection to the daily cycle of heating and cooling. The oscillations generally occur during the summer months when there is a shallow mixed layer, strong vertical stratification, maximum insolation, and infrequent frontal passages.
A loosely-coupled approach for metric scale estimation in monocular vision-inertial systems

In monocular vision systems, lack of knowledge about metric distances caused by the inherent scale ambiguity can be a strong limitation for some applications. We offer a method for fusing inertial measurements with monocular odometry or tracking to estimate metric distances in inertial-monocular systems and to increase the rate of pose estimates. As we performed the fusion in a loosely-coupled manner, each input block can be easily replaced with one's preference, which makes our method quite flexible. We experimented our method using the ORB-SLAM algorithm for the monocular tracking input and Euler forward integration to process the inertial measurements. We chose sets of data recorded on UAVs to design a suitable system for flying robots.
Risk‐Cost Analysis in Ground Water Contaminant Transport: The Role of Random Spatial Variability and Sorption Kinetics

We outline a methodology for quantifying the risk (probability) to exceed environmental regulation standards for ground water quality and coupling this risk quantification with an analysis of abatement costs for attaining an acceptable risk level. The methodology accounts for the uncertainty that results from random spatial variability in the subsurface, and for sorption‐desorption kinetics. Random spatial variability implies that, with a deterministic regulating framework, the risk (probability) of exceeding given water quality targets may remain high even after abatement measures have been taken. We show how this risk can be set in focus by use of a probabilistic regulating framework, which enables better risk management. Both the environmental risk and the associated abatement costs will depend on the actual combination of subsurface variability, the ground water sampling method, and sorption kinetics, through the underlying quantification of pollutant concentration statistics. Our results emphasize the importance of a relevant account of the kinetics of the sorption‐desorption process, by illustrating that neglect, or equilibrium simplification of that process, may result in highly misleading risk and abatement cost estimates.
Rhetorical Structure of Scientific Articles: the Case for Argumentational Analysis in Information Retrieval

In this paper the extent to which modern indexing and information retrieval research meets the needs and requirements of different types of readers is criticised. A review of the stagnation in this field gives evidence for the need for a radically different approach. The main problem is identified as the assumption that knowledge contained in a scientific article can be represented by a semantic network only, and therefore can be manipulated by formal logic approaches. Complementary to this, a plea is made to start an argumentational analysis of the — highly structured — corpus of scientific articles (mainly in physics). Such an analysis might lead to an argumentational syntax which will also enable the non‐expert to browse through large quantities of electronically stored articles. A first attempt at such an approach is given. Furthermore the possible use of the Standard General Markup Language (sgml) approach in relation to a hypertext environment for a possible application is discussed.
Banded Iron-Formations through Much of Precambrian Time

Similarities between Proterozoic (~ 1.8-2.5 Gyr) and Archean (> 2.5 Gyr) banded iron-formations are probably more significant than their differences. The contrasts largely reflect differences in the tectonic settings of Proterozoic and Archean terrains. Archean banded iron-formations are not as thick nor laterally as extensive as the major Proterozoic iron-formations. Nevertheless, some Archean iron-formations have strike lengths of over 150-200 km and may have been quite extensive prior to the deformation that has affected most Archean terrains. Stratigraphic sequences in which iron-formations occur are highly variable and indicate that iron-formations formed in many depositional environments. Sedimentary textures in the iron-formations are dominated either by granules and oolites or laminations (including microbanding) reflecting differences in their physical conditions of deposition. Granular and oolitic textures are abundant in only three Proterozoic depositional basins and most Precambrian iron-formations are laminated. Despite differences in associated lithologies and sedimentary textures Precambrian iron-formations have similar bulk compositions and mineral assemblages, implying that the chemical conditions of iron-formation deposition were similar through much of the Precambrian. The formation of banded iron-formation appears not to have reached a maximum around 1.8-2.0 Gyr but to have been an important process over a long period in the Precambrian.
Rank metric convolutional codes for Random Linear Network Coding

Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) currently attracts a lot of attention as a technique to disseminate information in a network. In this contribution, non-coherent multi-shot RLNC is considered, that means, the unknown and time variant network is used several times. In order to create dependencies between the different shots, convolutional network codes are used, in particular Partial Unit Memory (PUM) codes. Such PUM codes based on rank metric block codes are constructed and it is shown how they can efficiently be decoded when errors, erasures and deviations occur. The decoding complexity of this algorithm is cubic with the length. Further, it is described how lifting of these codes can be applied for error correction in RLNC.
The TIE1 Transcriptional Repressor Links TCP Transcription Factors with TOPLESS/TOPLESS-RELATED Corepressors and Modulates Leaf Development in Arabidopsis[W]

This work reveals the function of the TIE1 transcriptional repressor in leaf development. TIE1 interacts with TPL/TPR corepressors through its C-terminal EAR motif and with CIN-like TCP transcription factors through its N-terminal region. TIE1 regulates leaf development by bridging the interactions between TPL/TPRs and CIN-TCPs. Leaf size and shape are mainly determined by coordinated cell division and differentiation in lamina. The CINCINNATA (CIN)-like TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors are key regulators of leaf development. However, the mechanisms that control TCP activities during leaf development are largely unknown. We identified the TCP Interactor containing EAR motif protein1 (TIE1), a novel transcriptional repressor, as a major modulator of TCP activities during leaf development. Overexpression of TIE1 leads to hyponastic and serrated leaves, whereas disruption of TIE1 causes epinastic leaves. TIE1 is expressed in young leaves and encodes a transcriptional repressor containing a C-terminal EAR motif, which mediates interactions with the TOPLESS (TPL)/TOPLESS-RELATED (TPR) corepressors. In addition, TIE1 physically interacts with CIN-like TCPs. We propose that TIE1 regulates leaf size and morphology by inhibiting the activities of TCPs through recruiting the TPL/TPR corepressors to form a tertiary complex at early stages of leaf development.
Targeting sequences of UBXD8 and AAM-B reveal that the ER has a direct role in the emergence and regression of lipid droplets

Lipid droplets are sites of neutral lipid storage thought to be actively involved in lipid homeostasis. A popular model proposes that droplets are formed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by a process that begins with the deposition of neutral lipids between the membrane bilayer. As the droplet grows, it becomes surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipid derived from the outer half of the ER membrane, which contains integral membrane proteins anchored by hydrophobic regions. This model predicts that for an integral droplet protein inserted into the outer half of the ER membrane to reach the forming droplet, it must migrate in the plane of the membrane to sites of lipid accumulation. Here, we report the results of experiments that directly test this hypothesis. Using two integral droplet proteins that contain unique hydrophobic targeting sequences (AAM-B and UBXD8), we present evidence that both proteins migrate from their site of insertion in the ER to droplets that are forming in response to fatty acid supplementation. Migration to droplets occurs even when further protein synthesis is inhibited or dominant-negative Sar1 blocks transport to the Golgi complex. Surprisingly, when droplets are induced to disappear from the cell, both proteins return to the ER as the level of neutral lipid declines. These data suggest that integral droplet proteins form from and regress to the ER as part of a cyclic process that does not involve traffic through the secretory pathway.
Predicting Blogging Behavior Using Temporal and Social Networks

Modeling the behavior of bloggers is an important problem with various applications in recommender systems, targeted advertising, and event detection. In this paper, we propose three models by combining content, temporal, social dimensions: the general blogging-behavior model, the profile-based blogging-behavior model and the social- network and profile-based blogging-behavior model. The models are based on two regression techniques: Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Modified General Regression Neural Network (MGRNN). We choose one of the largest blogs, a political blog, DailyKos1, for our empirical evaluation. Experiments show that the social network and profile-based blogging behavior model with ELM regression techniques produce good results for the most active bloggers and can be used to predict blogging behavior.