Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards automatic cross-lingual transfer of semantic annotation

In order to develop a semantic labeling system, the most common methods use supervised learning from an annotated corpus. What if we have short deadlines and limited human and financial possibilities that prevent us from building such a training corpus for our language? If such a corpus already exists for any other language, this paper proposes a method to automatically import the existing corpus for the language we need. The transfer method is based on translating the existing corpus (or using annotated versions of existing parallel texts), aligning it at word level, and applying a set of mapping functions to import the annotation from one language to another. An import validation interface is also offered for the manual validation of the resulted resource. As an example, the case of semantic role import from the English FrameNet to Romanian is discussed. RÉSUMÉ. Afin de développer un système d'étiquetage sémantique automatique, les méthodes les plus fréquentes utilisent l'apprentissage supervisé à partir d'un corpus annoté. Et si on a des délais courts et des possibilités humaines et financières limitées, qui nous empêchent de construire un tel corpus d'apprentissage pour la langue de notre choix? Si un tel corpus existe déjà pour une autre langue, cet article propose une méthode pour importer automatiquement le corpus existant dans la langue où nous le nécessitons. La méthode de transfert présentée dans cet article est basée sur la traduction du corpus existant (ou l’utilisation d’une version parallèle annotée du texte), l'alignement au niveau du mot des deux versions de texte, et l’application d’un set de fonctions de mappage pour importer l'annotation d'une langue à l'autre. Une interface de validation de l'import est également offerte pour la validation manuelle de la ressource obtenue. A titre d'exemple, le cas de l'import des rôles sémantiques de la ressource anglaise FrameNet vers le roumain est discuté.
Genetic analysis of a "double male" strain of Escherichia coli K-12.

The behavior of a double male strain of Escherichia coli K12 has been compared to that of its parents and a primary F strain carrying F14 in order to determine whether the genome of the double male, responsible for the double origin mode of gene transmission, is composed of one or two linkage groups. F-prime plasmids carrying leu and pyrB and argG and metC have been detected following mating an Freek recipient with the double male. Their existence strongly supports the contention that the doable male is composed of a single linkage group with two integrated sex factors. Data from acndine orange curing experiments places the frequency of double male cells in the population of growing cells in the two-chromosome configuration as less than one percent. Evidence for a unique origin and terminus of DNA replication deduced by the density labelling and transduction of double male DNA supports the contention that the double male is best considered a cell with a single chromosome carrying two integrated F plasmids. ROM a cross between two Hfr strains of Escherichia coli K12 (one an FFphenocopy) transconjugants* were selected which had inherited markers closely linked to each of the sex factors of the parents (CLARK 1963). One of these, JC182, had inherited the ability to transfer DNA from two points of origin and to sire recombinants inheriting the sex factor characteristic of either parent. On this basis the strain in question was labelled a double male. Since recessive markers from both parents were expressed and the average DNA content of each nuclear body was found to equal that of the two parents, the double male, JC182, was considered to be haploid. Beyond that, however, the genetic nature of the double male was open to conjecture. In particular, is the genome made up of one or two linkage groups? If a single chromosome comprises the genome of the double male then the two F-plasmids must be thought of as lying at two places on the chromosome, in much the same manner as an Escherichia coli cell doubly lysogenic for phage P2 in which the prophages can lie at widely separated sites close to his and metB (CALENDAR 1970). If there are two chromosomes, each could carry a sex factor. These alternatives are displayed in Figure 1. Actually these Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Doctor of Philosophy, from the University of Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, University Station, Birmingham, * Transconjugant-a bacterial cell that has received genetic material from another bacterium by conjugation (NOVICK California.
DBAR: An efficient routing algorithm to support multiple concurrent applications in networks-on-chip

With the emergence of many-core architectures, it is quite likely that multiple applications will run concurrently on a system. Existing locally and globally adaptive routing algorithms largely overlook issues associated with workload consolidation. The shortsightedness of locally adaptive routing algorithms limits performance due to poor network congestion avoidance. Globally adaptive routing algorithms attack this issue by introducing a congestion propagation network to obtain network status information beyond neighboring nodes. However, they may suffer from intra- and inter-application interference during output port selection for consolidated workloads, coupling the behavior of otherwise independent applications and negatively affecting performance. To address these two issues, we propose Destination-Based Adaptive Routing (DBAR). We design a novel low-cost congestion propagation network that leverages both local and non-local network information for more accurate congestion estimates. Thus, DBAR offers effective adaptivity for congestion beyond neighboring nodes. More importantly, by integrating the destination into the selection function, DBAR mitigates intra- and inter-application interference and offers dynamic isolation among regions. Experimental results show that DBAR can offer better performance than the best baseline algorithm for all measured configurations; it is well suited for workload consolidation. The wiring overhead of DBAR is low and DBAR provides improvement in the energy-delay product for medium and high injection rates.
Oocyte maturation in starfish is mediated by the beta gamma-subunit complex of a G-protein

The stimulation of meiotic maturation of starfish oocytes by the hormone 1-methyladenine is mimicked by injection of beta gamma subunits of G-proteins from either retina or brain. Conversely, the hormone response is inhibited by injection of the GDP-bound forms of alpha i1 or alpha t subunits, or by injection of phosducin; all of these proteins should bind free beta gamma. alpha-subunit forms with reduced affinity for beta gamma (alpha i1 or alpha t bound to hydrolysis- resistant GTP analogs, or alpha i1-GMPPCP treated with trypsin to remove the amino terminus of the protein) are less effective inhibitors of 1-methyladenine action. These results indicate that the beta gamma subunit of a G-protein mediates 1-methyladenine stimulation of oocyte maturation.
On the Ehrenfeucht-Mycielski Balance Conjecture

In 1992, A. Ehrenfeucht and J. Mycielski defined a seemingly pseudorandom binary sequence which has since been termed the EM-sequence. The balance conjecture for the EM-sequence, still open, is the conjecture that the sequence of EM-sequence initial segment averages converges to $1/2$. In this paper, we do not prove the balance conjecture but we do make some progress concerning it, namely, we prove that every limit point of the aforementioned sequence of averages lies in the interval $[1/4,3/4]$, improving the best previous result that every such limit point belongs to the interval $[0.11,0.89]$. Our approach is novel and exploits an analysis of the growth behavior as $n \to \infty$ of the rooted tree formed by the binary strings appearing at least twice as substrings of the length $n$ initial segment of the EM-sequence.
How Media Contribute to Misperceptions of Social Norms About Sex

In this study we examined how media contribute to college students' erroneous perceptions of peer norms and the consequences of such misperceptions. The data came from a survey of 312 college students. Results indicate that students believed that their peers were significantly more sexually permissive than was actually the case. The data suggested that they formed such erroneous impressions of peers based in part on their perceptions of media influence on peers. Some evidence also indicated that these misperceptions produced a significant impact on male college students, making them more likely to say they would engage in casual sexual activity and engage in it at an earlier stage in dating.
Test–Retest Reproducibility of 18F-MPPF PET in Healthy Humans: A Reliability Study

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of 2′-methoxyphenyl-(N-2′-pyridinyl)-p-18F-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine (18F-MPPF) PET binding parameter's quantification via a test–retest study over a long-term period. Methods: Ten healthy volunteers underwent 2 dynamic 18F-MPPF PET scans in an interval of 6 mo. As a methodologic control, 10 simulated datasets, including interindividual functional and anatomic variabilities, were also used to assess the measurement variations in the absence of intraindividual variability. Indices of tracer binding were computed using 2 different models: (a) the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM) and (b) the Logan graphical model. The SRTM allows computing the binding potential (BP) index and plasma-to-brain transport constants (R1, k2). The Logan model evaluates the distribution volume (DV). For both methods, cerebellum was taken as the reference region. From both models, binding indices were calculated with time–activity curves extracted from regions of interest, on one hand, and for each voxel to perform parametric images on the other hand. Results: Reliability indices—that is, bias, variability, and intraclass correlation (ICC)—indicated a good reproducibility: the BP percentage change in mean between test and retest is close to 1% in rich regions and 2% in poor regions. The typical error is around 7%. Mean ICC is over 0.70. The DV percentage change in the mean is ±2.5%, with a typical error close to 6% and an ICC over 0.60. Conclusion: Our results show a good reliability, with a reasonable level of intraindividual biologic variability that allows crossover studies with 18F-MPPF in which small percentage changes are expected between test and retest measurements, in group studies and for single subject assessment.
Potential hepatic stem cells reside in EpCAM+ cells of normal and injured mouse liver

Hepatic oval cells are considered to be facultative hepatic stem cells (HSCs) that differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes in severely injured liver. Hepatic oval cells have also been implicated in tumorigenesis. However, their nature and origin remain elusive. To isolate and characterize mouse oval cells, we searched for cell surface molecules expressed on oval cells and analyzed their nature at the single-cell level by flow cytometric analysis and in the in vitro colony formation assay. We demonstrate that epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is expressed in both mouse normal cholangiocytes and oval cells, whereas its related protein, TROP2, is expressed exclusively in oval cells, establishing TROP2 as a novel marker to distinguish oval cells from normal cholangiocytes. EpCAM+ cells isolated from injured liver proliferate to form colonies in vitro, and the clonally expanded cells differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, suggesting that the oval cell fraction contains potential HSCs. Interestingly, such cells with HSC characteristics exist among EpCAM+ cells of normal liver. Intriguingly, comparison of the colony formation of EpCAM+ cells in normal and injured liver reveals little difference in the number of potential HSCs, strongly suggesting that most proliferating mouse oval cells represent transit-amplifying cells rather than HSCs.
The European Waste Hierarchy: From the Sociomateriality of Waste to a Politics of Consumption

Municipal solid waste is a central concern for environmental policy, and the sociomateriality of waste—the ways in which waste is socially defined and dealt with—is an important issue for sustainability. We show how applying the European Union's waste policy through the European Waste Hierarchy (EWH) affects the sociomateriality of waste. The EWH ranks the desirability of different waste-management approaches according to their environmental impact. We investigate how the EWH has been acknowledged and interpreted in five different organizational contexts with relevance for Swedish waste management: EU environmental policy, the Swedish EPA, two municipal waste-management companies, and the trade organization Swedish Waste Management which represents the interests of municipal bodies involved with waste. In addition to preventing the production of waste, the EWH aims to disassemble, circulate, and reintroduce as much material as possible into production processes. We show how these aims shape paradoxical relationships between economy and society on the one hand, and environment and nature on the other, and open the way for a discussion of a politics of consumption through material management.
“Don’t Kick Me Out!”: Day Treatment for Two Preschool Children With Severe Behavior Problems

Parents of young children with severe emotional and behavior problems have few services from which to choose if their child is expelled from preschool for aggressive and disruptive behavior. Two case studies provide an overview of a multicomponent, intensive, day-treatment program for children with moderate to severe behavior disorders. Proximal and distal program goals are to eliminate presenting problem behaviors and increase social competencies and to reintegrate children back to their school, preschool, or daycare, respectively. The cases presented in this study provide preliminary evidence that day treatment can be a viable option for young children with disruptive behavior disorders.
Commitment-based interoperation for e-commerce

Successful e-commerce presupposes techniques by which autonomous trading entities can interoperate. Although much progress has been made on data exchange and payment protocols, interoperation in the face of autonomy is still inadequately understood. Current techniques, designed for closed environments, support only the simplest interactions. We develop a multiagent approach for interoperation in e-commerce. This approach consists of: (1) a behavioral model to specify autonomous, heterogeneous agents representing different trading entities (businesses, consumers, brokers), (2) a metamodel that provides a language (based on XML) for specifying a variety of service agreements and accommodating exceptions and revisions, and (3) an execution architecture that supports persistent and dynamic (re)execution.
Recommending automated extract method refactorings

Extract Method is a key refactoring for improving program comprehension. However, recent empirical research shows that refactoring tools designed to automate Extract Methods are often underused. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel approach to identify and rank Extract Method refactoring opportunities that are directly automated by IDE-based refactoring tools. Our approach aims to recommend new methods that hide structural dependencies that are rarely used by the remaining statements in the original method. We conducted an exploratory study to experiment and define the best strategies to compute the dependencies and the similarity measures used by the proposed approach. We also evaluated our approach in a sample of 81 extract method opportunities generated for JUnit and JHotDraw, achieving a precision of 48% (JUnit) and 38% (JHotDraw).
Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices in Consumer Research

This article examines three alternative procedures for analyzing multitrait-multimethod matrices: the Campbell-Fiske procedure, confirmatory factor analysis, and the direct product model. The implicit assumptions, as well as the strengths and weaknesses, of each approach are presented and their implications discussed. It is proposed that one should carefully examine model assumptions, individual parameters, and various diagnostic indicators, as well as overall model fits. The implications of these recommendations are illustrated through reanalyses of data from earlier studies of consumer behavior. Potentially misleading conclusions in these studies are corrected in demonstrations of the three procedures. The results show that methods often have multiplicative effects, a finding that supports the direct product model, which has not been previously used in consumer research. The need for multiple-method, multiple-measure approaches to research is highlighted by examining the limitations of single-method, single-measure approaches to theory testing. Copyright 1991 by the University of Chicago.
Application of Rough Sets to Information Retrieval

The aim of the present article is to develop a method of rough retrieval, namely, an application of the rough set theory to information retrieval. After a brief review of fuzzy sets, rough sets, and a fuzzy logical model for information retrieval, rough approximations for retrieved data are defined. The approximations are considered for both crisp and fuzzy cases. A fuzzy set is introduced for the rough boundary, and estimation for the membership for the results of set operations on the boundary is discussed. Rough approximations in cases when hierarchical classes are assumed are considered. Moreover, another approximation by a membership sequence is discussed which refines the foregoing approximations. Illustrative examples are shown.
Use of a Transient Assay for Studying the Genetic Determinants of Fv1 Restriction

ABSTRACT To probe the genetic determinants controlling the interaction between the retroviral restriction gene Fv1 and its murine leukemia virus target, we set out to develop rapid, transient assays for Fv1 function. Cells were transfected or transduced withFv1 expression plasmids which can produce green fluorescent protein via an internal ribosome entry site positioned between theFv1 and green fluorescent protein coding sequences.Fv1 function was then assessed by comparing virus replication in green fluorescent protein-positive and -negative cells, using retroviral vectors encoding a second fluorescent marker, yellow fluorescent protein, or β-galactosidase. Using this assay, we could show that Fv1 specificities were not as absolute as previously thought, since the Fv1b allele was capable of interacting with “nonrestricted” B- and NB-tropic viruses and by shuffling the n- and b-alleles of Fv1, it was possible to generate a Fv1 molecule capable of restricting N-, B-, and NB-tropic viruses equally efficiently. Further, we could show that the presence of nonrestricting Fv1 in the same cell as restrictive Fv1 abrogates restriction, implying competition for binding to the retroviral target.
The impact of person-organization fit on the corporate brand perception of employees and of customers

Abstract One of the major problems companies face in the marketplace is a gap between corporate brand values as perceived by the customers and the corporate brand values declared as such by the management. One possible cause for that gap is the situation in which companies transfer to their customers corporate brand values that are different from their actual corporate values and culture. Such a difference is perceived by their employees as a lie that causes them to feel a lack of identification with the corporate brand and an unwillingness to support it adequately. As a consequence the customers feel a mistrust towards the corporate brand, which results in a weakened brand. So how can the organization close that gap? This research showed that Person-Organization Fit (POF) can play a significant role in closing that gap. The notion of Person-Organization Fit, i.e. the fit between organizational values and the individual values of employees, has been explored a lot and normally in relation to internal organizational aspects such as organizational commitment, organizational identification, job satisfaction, intention to leave the organization, willingness to do extra work in the organization and so on. This research examined the impact of POF from quite a different aspect, an external one, and that is the brand perception of employees and as a consequence on the brand perception of customers. The conclusions derived from this research are that employees' POF positively affects the extent to which they perceive their corporate brand values as congruent with those declared by the management, and that this brand perception level of employees positively affects the perception level of the customers. A high perception level of customers means a higher trust in the brand and in the corporate body that stands behind it, and the result is a more powerful brand. It seems therefore that HR managers have to pay attention to the POF as a means to improve the organization's performance. But a high POF may have also a negative influence because of its being an obstacle to change; a strong corporate culture, as a consequence of a high POF, might lead to a dangerous inflexibility and inability to see the urgency for change.
Power, empowerment and surrender in the context of paediatric spiritual care

The dynamics of ‘surrender’ is here put in dialectic with the dynamics of ‘power’ observed in situation involving children and their caregivers in a paediatric hospital setting. Following a qualitative research method used in practical theology, three case studies are presented and then interpreted in the light of both social sciences and Christian theology/spirituality. In the power/surrender paradox, there will always be a need for discernment for each situation and each encounter if the caregiver wants to better care for the children and continue to acknowledge their contribution to the life experience and wisdom of adults. Power and surrender both need to be embraced in order to grow in a fruitful spiritual life.
The association between cognitive impairment and physical disability in multiple sclerosis

Background: The association between cognitive impairment and physical disability was examined in a larger, more representative sample of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) than in previous studies. Method: Two hundred and fifty-three patients attending an MS clinic were assessed with respect to physical disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale and cognitive impairment using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results: Physical disability correlated with duration of disease; cognitive impairment did not. Virtually all measures derived from the cognitive battery were significantly correlated with physical disability. Three measures of speeded information processing and one involving delayed recall of verbal material were unique predictors of disability status. The relationship between cognitive impairment and physical disability was equivalent for patients with shorter (<3 years) versus longer (>10 years) disease duration. Cognitive impairment correlated with the rate of disability progression as reflected by the progression index. Conclusion: Cognitive impairment is more closely associated with physical disability than most previous studies indicate. This relationship appears to be stable throughout the duration of MS, although this conclusion is qualified by the cross-sectional design of the study. Further attention should be paid to cognitive impairment as a possible predictor of the rate of patients’ physical decline.