Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Child responses to parental conflict and their effect on adjustment: A study of triadic relations.

The purpose of this study was to examine child response patterns to parental conflict and assess their contribution to child functioning. The focus was on 3 potential child responses and their relation to later depressive and aggressive behavior. Direct observations and questionnaire data were collected on 156 2-parent families. Aggressive behavior showed the strongest sequential relation to interparental conflict and the strongest predictive relation to increased aggressive functioning. Gender differences were found in the use of child aggressive response patterns. Results for the relation between child responses and increases in depressive functioning were weaker than those found for aggressive functioning. The results provide support fpr the examination of child response patterns as a potentially rich area of exploration for understanding the family mechanisms affecting both aggressive and depressive functioning in children.
Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Promoter Analysis of the Mouse Crp2/SmLim Gene

Several members of the LIM protein family have important roles in development and differentiation. We recently isolated a rat cDNA encoding a new member of this family, CRP2/SmLIM, that contains two LIM domains and is expressed preferentially in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). To study the molecular mechanisms that regulate VSMC-specific transcription of theCrp2/SmLim gene, we cloned the cDNA and gene of mouseCrp2/SmLim. Mouse Crp2/SmLim is a single copy gene of six exons and five introns spanning approximately 20 kilobases of genomic DNA. By 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends and S1 nuclease protection assay, we determined that the transcription start site is an A residue 80 base pairs 5′ of the translation initiation codon. A TATA-like sequence is located 27 base pairs 5′ of the transcription start site, and there are potentialcis-acting elements (GATA, Sp1, AP-2, E box, CCAC box, and GArC motif) in the 5′-flanking sequence. In transient transfection assays in rat aortic smooth muscle cells in primary culture, 5 kilobases of the Crp2/SmLim 5′-flanking sequence generated a high level of luciferase reporter gene activity. By deletion analysis and gel mobility shift assay, we found that the region between bases −74 and −39 of this 5 kilobase DNA fragment binds Sp1 and confers basal promoter activity in the Crp2/SmLim gene. In vitro, the 5-kilobase fragment was active in multiple cell types.In vivo, however, the 5-kilobase fragment directed high level expression of the lacZ reporter gene preferentially in the VSMC of transgenic mice, indicating the presence of VSMC-specific element(s) in this fragment.
Innovations in Teaching Styles and Approaches Based upon Adult Learning

This paper explores the differences in assumptions about learning of pedagogy (the art and science of teaching children) and andragogy (the art and science of help ing adults learn) and the implications of these differences for program planning, the designing of learning experiences, the selec tion of methods and techniques, and eval uation. The suggestion is made that social work education, which has traditionally been pedagogically oriented, is dealing with essentially mature students whose learning would be enhanced by the application of principles and techniques of andragogy.
Frequency and Informativeness of Gestural Cues Accompanying Generic and Particular Reference

Generic noun phrases, or generics, refer to abstract categories (Dogs bark) rather than particular individuals (Those dogs bark). Study 1 investigated how parents use gestures in association with generic versus particular reference during naturalistic interactions with their 2- and 3-year-old children. Parents provided deictic gestures more frequently during particular reference, whereas no type of gesture was promoted by generic reference. Study 2 assessed the informativeness of parents’ gestures. Undergraduate students watched silent clips of the parent-child interactions and guessed what parents were discussing. Participants were unable to make use of parents’ gestures to reliably detect generic reference, though they were able to use gestural information to detect particular reference in contexts featuring multiple possible referents. We suggest that generics cannot be acquired via associative processes and discuss alternative accounts of acquiring the distinction between generic and particular.
Aggregation Query Processing in P2P Networks

I.Aggregation Query Processing II.Large Distributed database III.Data Mining Hybrid approach IV.A Novel Sampling Technique. In P2P network when data is distributed over all the peers and we want to execute query within minimum time no any existing algorithm gives proper solution. So a Hybrid Data mining technique is used here for fast and efficient computing. It works mainly in four phases 1. Peer-to-Peer Node Construction 2. Random Selection of Node 3. Selection of Records. 4. Performance Evaluation. Such technique is applicable for real-time applications like E-commerce.
Variation in preferred gain with experience for hearing-aid users

This study aimed to determine whether gain adaptation occurs, and at which frequency bands, among new hearing aid (HA) users. Fifty new and 26 experienced HA users were fitted with three listening programs (NAL-NL1 and NAL-NL1 with low- and high-frequency cuts) in the same hearing instrument family. Real-life gain preferences and comfortable loudness levels were measured one, four, and 13 months post-fitting for the new HA users, and one month post-fitting for the experienced HA users. Relative to experienced HA users, new HA users preferred progressively less overall gain than prescribed as the hearing loss became more severe. Gain adaptation occurred in new HA users with greater hearing loss, but was not complete 13 months post-fitting, and was not explained by changes in loudness perception. Preferences for a high-frequency gain cut by half of all study participants could not be predicted from audiological data. Gain adaptation management is recommended for new HA users with more than a mild hearing loss.
Embedded-Figures Performance and Telecourse Achievement

Abstract This study was conducted to determine if there is a relationship between the cognitive style of community college students and their achievement in a broadcast telecourse. The subjects were 134 community college students enrolled in one of six telecourses. Witkin's Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) was used to ascertain whether the students' cognitive style was field dependent or field independent. Achievement was defined by the grade the student earned in the telecourse. Results of chi-square tests indicated that students with a field-independent cognitive style earned higher grades, had a higher telecourse completion rate, and were more satisfied with the experience.
Avoiding Bias when Aggregating Relational Data with Degree Disparity

A common characteristic of relational data sets --degree disparity--can lead relational learning algorithms to discover misleading correlations. Degree disparity occurs when the frequency of a relation is correlated with the values of the target variable. In such cases, aggregation functions used by many relational learning algorithms will result in misleading correlations and added complexity in models. We examine this problem through a combination of simulations and experiments. We show how two novel hypothesis testing procedures can adjust for the effects of using aggregation functions in the presence of degree disparity.
Scalable group level probabilistic sparse factor analysis

Many data-driven approaches exist to extract neural representations of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, but most of them lack a proper probabilistic formulation. We propose a scalable group level probabilistic sparse factor analysis (psFA) allowing spatially sparse maps, component pruning using automatic relevance determination (ARD) and subject specific heteroscedastic spatial noise modeling. For task-based and resting state fMRI, we show that the sparsity constraint gives rise to components similar to those obtained by group independent component analysis. The noise modeling shows that noise is reduced in areas typically associated with activation by the experimental design. The psFA model identifies sparse components and the probabilistic setting provides a natural way to handle parameter uncertainties. The variational Bayesian framework easily extends to more complex noise models than the presently considered.
Gender Differences in Student Responses to Physics Conceptual Questions Based on Question Context

Women’s participation in physics remains low, with only 20% of bachelor’s degrees and 19% of PhDs in physics being awarded to women. The physics classroom may serve as a barrier to women’s participation when the contexts of questions and examples are stereotypically male. To study the possible effects of male contexts on student responses, two versions of a physics conceptual exam were given to students. The first version, a conceptual test in broad use in the field, included stereotypically male contexts; the second, created for the study, included stereotypically female contexts. The physics content of the questions was the same. Examination of the results show that despite identical physics, students can change their responses based on the context presented in the question. Different patterns of change were exhibited: in some instances both men and women did better on female questions, in others only one gender improved. On some questions no change was seen. The conclusion of the study is that the contexts in which physics questions are presented can have an effect on student response, and can show gender differentiation. To encourage participation of all students, instructors need to be aware of the contexts in which they present their material.
Structure of social attitudes based on lexical approach in Serbian-speaking area

Although usually applied in the field of personality psychology, in the last decade there were attempts of applying the lexical paradigm in the studies social attitudes studies. One of those attempts was made by Saucier (2000), who included and analyzed all the words ending with the suffix “-ism”. The product of this analyze is a two-form instrument called "Survey of Dictionary-Based Isms (SDI)", with its long, 40-item version, and brief, 28-item version. This instrument measures four main dimensions of basic social attitudes: alphaisms (traditional and religious sources of authority), betaisms (dismissing political correctness), gammaisms (believing in Western democracy) and deltaisms (personal spirituality). Until now, this instrument was only used in English-speaking area, and therefore the objective of this research was evaluation and validation of Saucier’s basic structure of social attitudes model in the Serbian-speaking area. In this research, conducted on the sample of 253 participants, both sexes, average age of 39.3 years (SD=14.9), a slightly shortened version of Saucier’s 24-item questionnaire was used. The results of this study contribute to the hypothesis of a universal structure of basic social attitudes: the factor analysis extracted four factors, which correlate from moderate to high level with the original dimensions. However, the structure and content of the factors pointed to a strong cultural influence on the forming and shaping the basic social attitudes. Practically, only the first factor, Religiosity, is a full replication of the original alpha factor. Other items built the factors somewhat different from the original: Hedonism, Rational Spirituality and Nationalism. The results show a better fitness of the model obtained in this study for the Serbian-speaking area compared to the original one.
EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF DEEP SUPERVISED AUTO ENCODER IN SINGLE SAMPLE FACE RECOGNITION PROBLEM USING KULLBACK-LEIBLER DIVERGENCE SPARSITY REGULARIZER

Recent development on supervised auto encoder research gives promising solutions toward single sample face recognition problems. In this research, Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KLD) approach is proposed to obtain penalty of sparsity constraint for deep auto encoder learning process. This approach is tested using two datasets, Extended Yale B (cropped version) and LFWcrop. For comparison, Log and εL1 also employed as sparsity regularizers. Experiment results confirm that KLD has better performance in image classification of both datasets compared to Log and εL1.
Promiscuous Teleology and the effect of Locus of Control

Research conducted in the USA suggests that adults possess a bias towards teleological – or purpose-based – explanations of natural objects and phenomena, known as Promiscuous Teleology (PT). This study aimed to investigate PT using an Irish sample. Participants judged a series of statements about why different natural phenomena occur as correct/incorrect. There were two experimental conditions where participants responded under speeded conditions, and a control condition where participants were not pressured. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed that participants in the experimental conditions judged significantly more scientifically unwarranted teleological explanations (e.g., ‘The sun makes light so that plants can photosynthesise’) correct than participants in the control condition. Significantly, participants were not more error-prone on control item explanations (e.g., ‘Polar bears are white because the sun bleaches them’, an unwarranted physical-causal explanation) in experimental condition.
Action plans for implementation of total productive maintenance

Maintenance is an inevitable function in manufacturing plants. Manufacturing plants are exposed to newer and rapidly changing paradigms. Today, a productive maintenance strategy and programs have utmost importance in order to discover the useable but hidden resources in an organization. A well-conceived action plan is a pre-requisite to unearth those potential treasures. This paper presents a brief action plan for implementation of total productive maintenance (TPM). From an empirical study, conducted by these authors, it is revealed that demanding quality in maintenance practices is still a far cry. Lack of understanding of the method and implementation guidelines appear to be the major factors responsible for this state. Therefore, it is strongly felt that TPM deserves more attention both in practices and research.
Family-based therapy for dementia caregivers: Clinical observations

Family caregiving for dementia patients is a major social and clinical problem. Family caregivers face major stressful emotional, social and economic burdens, and the negative consequences associated with caregiving are well documented. Given the projected increase in the number of people with dementia, there is a need to identify approaches that will help families manage the challenges of caregiving. Social support from friends and family members has consistently been found to mediate caregiver outcomes, yet many caregivers face problems with isolation and estrangement from family members. In this regard, family-based therapy is a promising intervention for increasing social support for caregivers, and enhancing their quality of life and ability to provide care. This paper will discuss how family-based therapy can be applied as an intervention for family caregivers of dementia patients. The clinical implications of specific interactional patterns will be presented via case examples from an ongoing clinical trial with white American and Cuban American caregivers of dementia patients. The intent is to demonstrate how identification of interactional patterns is a valuable tool for implementing family-based interventions.
The impact of school lunches on school enrolment: Evidence from an exogenous policy change in India

An electrical connector includes a contact module enclosed within a metallic main shell. The contact module includes an insulative housing and a plurality of contacts retained in the housing. The housing includes a base and a tongue portion extending forwardly from the base. The main shell is formed by stamping and forming, and includes opposite first and second side walls, and a pair of end walls linking the opposite first and second side walls. The shell forms a mating cavity enclosing the tongue portion. A seam is formed on the second side wall. An adhesive layer is applied upon an exterior surface of the second side wall to cover the seam for providing a waterproof function. A metallic sub-shell is attached upon the adhesive layer.
Protecting digital fingerprint in Automated Fingerprint Identification System using Local Binary Pattern operator

The Local binary pattern (LBP) operators, which measure the local contrast within a pixel's neighbourhood, have been successfully applied to texture analysis, face recognition, and image retrieval. In the paper, we present a new application of the LBP operators for securing digital fingerprint in AFIS System (Automated Fingerprint Identification System), while inserting a robust watermark (ID image and Face image) to increase not only security but also to facilitate the recognition of the person. To improve the security of the embedding, the watermarks are scrambled using Arnold technique and are then hidden in the fingerprint image of the corresponding person. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking method is robust against commonly-used image processing operations, such as additive noise, luminance change, contrast enhancement, and JPEG compression while does not change the fingerprint features and maintains a good visibility of the original fingerprint images.
Space efficient mining of multigraph streams

The challenge of monitoring massive amounts of data generated by communication networks has led to the interest in data stream processing. We study streams of edges in massive communication multigraphs, defined by (source, destination) pairs. The goal is to compute properties of the underlying graph while using small space (much smaller than the number of communicants), and to avoid bias introduced because some edges may appear many times, while others are seen only once. We give results for three fundamental problems on multigraph degree sequences: estimating frequency moments of degrees, finding the heavy hitter degrees, and computing range sums of degree values. In all cases we are able to show space bounds for our summarizing algorithms that are significantly smaller than storing complete information. We use a variety of data stream methods: sketches, sampling, hashing and distinct counting, but a common feature is that we use cascaded summaries: nesting multiple estimation techniques within one another. In our experimental study, we see that such summaries are highly effective, enabling massive multigraph streams to be effectively summarized to answer queries of interest with high accuracy using only a small amount of space.
Phylogenetic Analysis of H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus Based on a Novel Mathematical Descriptor

A new mathematical descriptor was proposed based on 3D graphical representation. Using the method, we construct the phylogenetic trees of nine proteins of H7N9 influenza virus to analyze the originated source of H7N9. The results show that the evolution route of H7N9 avian influenza is from America through Europe to Asia. Furthermore, two samples collected from environment in Nanjing and Zhejiang and one sample collected from chicken are the sources of H7N9 influenza virus that infected human in China.
Recognition memory and theta–gamma interactions in the hippocampus

Neuronal oscillations and cross‐frequency interactions in the rat hippocampus relate in important ways to memory processes and serve as a model for studying oscillatory activity in cognition more broadly. We report here that hippocampal synchrony (CA3–CA1 coherence) increased markedly in the low gamma range as rats were exploring novel objects, particularly those for which the rat subsequently showed good memory. The gamma synchrony varied across phases of the theta rhythm such that coherence was highest at the falling slope and trough of the theta wave. Further, the shape of the theta wave was more asymmetric and elongated at the falling slope during exploration of objects for which the rat subsequently showed good memory as compared with objects for which the rat subsequently showed poor memory. The results showed a strong association between event‐related gamma synchrony in rat hippocampus and memory encoding for novel objects. In addition, a novel potential mechanism of cross‐frequency interactions was observed whereby dynamic alterations in the shape of theta wave related to memory in correspondence with the strength of gamma synchrony. These findings add to our understanding of how theta and gamma oscillations interact in the hippocampus in the service of memory. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Permutation-equivariant neural networks applied to dynamics prediction

The introduction of convolutional layers greatly advanced the performance of neural networks on image tasks due to innately capturing a way of encoding and learning translation-invariant operations, matching one of the underlying symmetries of the image domain. In comparison, there are a number of problems in which there are a number of different inputs which are all 'of the same type' --- multiple particles, multiple agents, multiple stock prices, etc. The corresponding symmetry to this is permutation symmetry, in that the algorithm should not depend on the specific ordering of the input data. We discuss a permutation-invariant neural network layer in analogy to convolutional layers, and show the ability of this architecture to learn to predict the motion of a variable number of interacting hard discs in 2D. In the same way that convolutional layers can generalize to different image sizes, the permutation layer we describe generalizes to different numbers of objects.
The Transmembrane Domains of TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Receptors 1 and 2 Co-Regulate Apoptotic Signaling Capacity

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family that exerts its apoptotic activity in human cells by binding to two transmembrane receptors, TRAILR1 and TRAILR2. In cells co-expressing both receptors the particular contribution of either protein to the overall cellular response is not well defined. Here we have investigated whether differences in the signaling capacities of TRAILR1 and TRAILR2 can be attributed to certain functional molecular subdomains. We generated and characterized various chimeric receptors comprising TRAIL receptor domains fused with parts from other members of the TNF death receptor family. This allowed us to compare the contribution of particular domains of the two TRAIL receptors to the overall apoptotic response and to identify elements that regulate apoptotic signaling. Our results show that the TRAIL receptor death domains are weak apoptosis inducers compared to those of CD95/Fas, because TRAILR-derived constructs containing the CD95/Fas death domain possessed strongly enhanced apoptotic capabilities. Importantly, major differences in the signaling strengths of the two TRAIL receptors were linked to their transmembrane domains in combination with the adjacent extracellular stalk regions. This was evident from receptor chimeras comprising the extracellular part of TNFR1 and the intracellular signaling part of CD95/Fas. Both receptor chimeras showed comparable ligand binding affinities and internalization kinetics. However, the respective TRAILR2-derived molecule more efficiently induced apoptosis. It also activated caspase-8 and caspase-3 more strongly and more quickly, albeit being expressed at lower levels. These results suggest that the transmembrane domains together with their adjacent stalk regions can play a major role in control of death receptor activation thereby contributing to cell type specific differences in TRAILR1 and TRAILR2 signaling.