Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiments on Adaptive Techniques for Host-Based Intrusion Detection

This research explores four experiments of adaptive host-based intrusion detection (ID) techniques in an attempt to develop systems that can detect novel exploits. The technique considered to have the most potential is adaptive critic designs (ACDs) because of their utilization of reinforcement learning, which allows learning exploits that are difficult to pinpoint in sensor data. Preliminary results of ID using an ACD, an Elman recurrent neural network, and a statistical anomaly detection technique demonstrate an ability to learn to distinguish between clean and exploit data. We used the Solaris Basic Security Module (BSM) as a data source and performed considerable preprocessing on the raw data. A detection approach called generalized signature-based ID is recommended as a middle ground between signature-based ID, which has an inability to detect novel exploits, and anomaly detection, which detects too many events including events that are not exploits. The primary results of the ID experiments demonstrate the use of custom data for generalized signature-based intrusion detection and the ability of neural network-based systems to learn in this application environment.
Fuzzy adaptive predictive flow control of ATM network traffic

In order to exploit the nonlinear time-varying property of network traffic, the traffic flow from controlled sources is described by a fuzzy autoregressive moving-average model with auxiliary input (fuzzy ARMAX process), with the traffic flow from uncontrolled sources (i.e., cross traffic) being described as external disturbances. In order to overcome the difficulty of the transmission delay in the design of congestion control, the fuzzy traffic model is translated to an equivalent fuzzy predictive traffic model. A fuzzy adaptive flow control scheme is proposed to avoid congestion at high utilization while maintaining good quality of service. By use of fuzzy adaptive prediction technique, the difficulties in congestion control design due to nonlinearity, time-varying characteristics, and large propagation delay can be overcome by the proposed adaptive traffic control method. A comparative evaluation is also given to show the superiority of the proposed method.
The RasGAP-associated endoribonuclease G3BP assembles stress granules

Stress granules (SGs) are formed in the cytoplasm in response to various toxic agents, and are believed to play a critical role in the regulation of mRNA metabolism during stress. In SGs, mRNAs are stored in an abortive translation initiation complex that can be routed to either translation initiation or degradation. Here, we show that G3BP, a phosphorylation-dependent endoribonuclease that interacts with RasGAP, is recruited to SGs in cells exposed to arsenite. G3BP may thus determine the fate of mRNAs during cellular stress. Remarkably, SG assembly can be either dominantly induced by G3BP overexpression, or on the contrary, inhibited by expressing a central domain of G3BP. This region binds RasGAP and contains serine 149, whose dephosphorylation is induced by arsenite treatment. Critically, a phosphomimetic mutant (S149E) fails to oligomerize and to assemble SGs, whereas a nonphosphorylatable G3BP mutant (S149A) does both. These results suggest that G3BP is an effector of SG assembly, and that Ras signaling contributes to this process by regulating G3BP dephosphorylation.
Programmed Evolution for Optimization of Orthogonal Metabolic Output in Bacteria

Current use of microbes for metabolic engineering suffers from loss of metabolic output due to natural selection. Rather than combat the evolution of bacterial populations, we chose to embrace what makes biological engineering unique among engineering fields – evolving materials. We harnessed bacteria to compute solutions to the biological problem of metabolic pathway optimization. Our approach is called Programmed Evolution to capture two concepts. First, a population of cells is programmed with DNA code to enable it to compute solutions to a chosen optimization problem. As analog computers, bacteria process known and unknown inputs and direct the output of their biochemical hardware. Second, the system employs the evolution of bacteria toward an optimal metabolic solution by imposing fitness defined by metabolic output. The current study is a proof-of-concept for Programmed Evolution applied to the optimization of a metabolic pathway for the conversion of caffeine to theophylline in E. coli. Introduced genotype variations included strength of the promoter and ribosome binding site, plasmid copy number, and chaperone proteins. We constructed 24 strains using all combinations of the genetic variables. We used a theophylline riboswitch and a tetracycline resistance gene to link theophylline production to fitness. After subjecting the mixed population to selection, we measured a change in the distribution of genotypes in the population and an increased conversion of caffeine to theophylline among the most fit strains, demonstrating Programmed Evolution. Programmed Evolution inverts the standard paradigm in metabolic engineering by harnessing evolution instead of fighting it. Our modular system enables researchers to program bacteria and use evolution to determine the combination of genetic control elements that optimizes catabolic or anabolic output and to maintain it in a population of cells. Programmed Evolution could be used for applications in energy, pharmaceuticals, chemical commodities, biomining, and bioremediation.
Doc MRZ Localization frame i Check of Structure Estimation of Transformation Rectification / Upsampling OCR character confidences Fusion Text Localization

Many security documents contain machine readable zones (MRZ) for automatic inspection. An MRZ is intended to be read by dedicated machinery, which often requires a stationary setup. Although MRZ information can also be read using camera phones, current solutions require the user to align the document, which is rather tedious. We propose a real-time algorithm for MRZ detection and recognition on off-the-shelf mobile devices. In contrast to state-of-the-art solutions, we do not impose position restrictions on the document. Our system can instantly produce robust reading results from a large range of viewpoints, making it suitable for document verification or classification. We evaluate the proposed algorithm using a large synthetic database on a set of off-the-shelf smartphones. The obtained results prove that our solution is capable of achieving good reading accuracy despite using largely unconstrained viewpoints and mobile devices.
Ontology-Based Dialogue Systems for Improved Patient HPV Vaccine Knowledge and Perception

In Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s seminal article that introduce his vision of the semantic web, one of the use-cases described was a healthrelated example where health consumers utilized intelligent hand-held devices that aggregated and exchanged health data from the semantic web. Presently, the majority of health consumers and patients rely on personal technology and the web to find information and to make personal health decisions. This proposal aims to contribute towards that usecase, specifically in the “hot-bed” issue of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. The HPV vaccine targets young adults and teens to protect against life-threatening cancers, yet a segment of the public has reservations against the vaccine. I propose an interactive dialogue agent that harness patient-level vaccine information encoded in an ontology that can be “talked to” with a natural language interface using utterances. I aim to pilot this technology in a clinic to assess if patient knowledge about HPV and the vaccine is increased, and if their attitude toward the vaccine is modified as a result of using the interactive agent.
International Research Conference on Food , Nutrition , and Cancer Effects of Energy Balance on Cancer in Genetically Altered Mice 1

Evidence has accumulated from laboratory-based animal experiments and population-based human epidemiological studies that lifestyle factors that affect energy balance, such as caloric intake, nutritional status, and exercise, act in concert with genetic susceptibility to influence cancer development and progression. The use of animal models with specific genetic alterations, in combination with lifestyle modifications that alter overall energy balance, has contributed to a greater understanding of the mechanistic changes occurring during carcinogenesis and to the identification of points of intervention. Studies in our laboratory focusing on the role of energy balance and genetic susceptibility in mice deficient in one ( / ) or both ( / ) alleles of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and mice with a mutant APC allele (APC) showed that calorie restriction decreases tumor burden, increases tumor latency, and decreases serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and leptin levels. Data from our studies, combined with results from other animal and human studies, have established a role for IGF-1 in carcinogenesis. Studies using genetic models of cancer that have been interbred with mice with abnormal levels of IGF-1 will enable the examination of combined effects of energy balance and genetic alterations on the cancer process. Models that integrate lifestyle and genetic effects in a single system provide a physiologically intact system in which combination interventions and therapies for cancer prevention can be tested and validated, thus building a strong preclinical foundation that will inform the development of clinical trials and add perspective to epidemiological studies. J. Nutr. 134: 3394S–3398S, 2004.
Perception and Action in Peripersonal Space: A Comparison Between Video and Optical See-Through Augmented Reality Devices

In this paper, we analyze how we perceive the peripersonal space when involved in a reaching task in an Augmented Reality (AR) environment. In particular, we aim to quantify whether distortions in perception of the spatial layout of the scene occur, by taking into consideration two different AR wearable devices, in particular head-mounted displays (HMD). We performed two tests, and compared the results between the subjects who used an Optical See-Through (OST) HMD (Metavision Meta 2) and those who used a Video See-Through (VST) HMD (a smartphone in conjunction with a headset like the Google Cardboard). The data has been collected from a total of 45 volunteer participants. In the experiment, the subjects had to perform a precision reaching task by overlapping the hand on the perceived target position. Then, we observed how the presence or absence of an internal feedback influenced the homing performance. Our results revealed a better depth estimation, thus a more precise interaction, when using the OST device, which also revealed a lower impact on eye strain and fatigue.
Label-Free Toxin Detection by Means of Time-Resolved Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

The real-time detection of trace concentrations of biological toxins requires significant improvement of the detection methods from those reported in the literature. To develop a highly sensitive and selective detection device it is necessary to determine the optimal measuring conditions for the electrochemical sensor in three domains: time, frequency and polarization potential. In this work we utilized a time-resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the detection of trace concentrations of Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB). An anti-SEB antibody has been attached to the nano-porous aluminum surface using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane/glutaraldehyde coupling system. This immobilization method allows fabrication of a highly reproducible and stable sensing device. Using developed immobilization procedure and optimized detection regime, it is possible to determine the presence of SEB at the levels as low as 10 pg/mL in 15 minutes.
sFlow: towards resource-efficient and agile service federation in service overlay networks

Existing research work towards the composition of complex federated services has assumed that service requests and deliveries flow through a particular service path or tree. Here, we extend such a service model to a directed acyclic graph, allowing services to be delivered via parallel paths and interleaved with each other. Such an assumption of the service flow model has apparently introduced complexities towards the development of a distributed algorithm to federate existing services, as well as the provisioning of the required quality in the most resource-efficient fashion. To this end, we propose sFlow, a fully distributed algorithm to be executed on all service nodes, such that the federated service flow graph is resource efficient, performs well, and meets the demands of service consumers.
Improved Locality Preserving Projections for Multimodal Biometrics

Because of its higher reliability, wider applicability and stronger security, multimodal biometrics has become a polar research direction of biometric recognition and attracts more and more research groups focusing on this area. Along with other fusion level of multimodal biometrics, feature level can reduce the redundant information to avoid calculation consumption, and simultaneously acquire the discriminative information to improve the system performance. This paper proposed improved locality preserving projection for multimodal biometrics that orthogonalized the projection vectors and took two distinct feature vectors as the real and imaginary part of complex vectors. Face and palm are selected as the experimental objects to evaluate the proposed algorithm. Experimental results shows the performance of our algorithm outperforms two unimodal biometrics and two traditional feature level multimodal biometrics.
Quantifying the Characteristics of Java Programs That May Influence Symbolic Execution from a Test Data Generation Perspective

Testing plays a key role in assessing the quality of a software product. During testing, a program is run in hopes of finding faults. As exhaustive testing is seldom possible, specific testing criteria have been proposed to help testers to devise test cases that cover the most relevant faulty scenarios. Manually creating test cases that satisfy these criteria is time consuming, error prone, and unwieldy. Symbolic execution has been used as an effective way of automatically generating test data that meets those criteria. Although this technique has been used for over three decades, several challenges remain, such as path explosion, precision of floating-point data, constraints with complex expressions, and dependency of external libraries. In this paper, we explore a sample of 100 open source Java projects in order to analyze characteristics that are relevant to generate test data using symbolic execution. The results provide valuable insight into how researchers and practitioners can tailor symbolic execution techniques and tools to better suit the needs of different Java applications.
Scanning Spreading Resistance Microscopy for Doping Profile in Saddle-Fin Devices

Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) are used to investigate the doping profile of saddle-fin (S-fin) devices in a 30-nm dynamic-random-access-memory (DRAM) technology. Due to the limited resolution of SCM, SCM cannot provide a clear doping profile of an S-fin array device. In the meantime, SSRM and focused ion beam milling during sample preparation provide an opportunity to obtain a 2-D and scanning line doping profile. The common-source region between two adjacent buried word lines is treated with an additional phosphorus (P) implantation with energy and dosage modification to have a doping profile modification in the array devices of DRAM product. With condition of the medium energy and high dosage in this additional P implantation, the row hammer effect of 30-nm DRAM could be minimized by the localized shielding effect from the electric field by a depletion effect. The junction profile of the additional P implantation is about 10 nm deeper than that of the control sample, as verified by SSRM and technology computer-aided design simulation. The experimental results of the doping profile can be used to support a mechanism of improvement of row hammer. The SSRM methodology proposed in this study could be used to optimize the doping profiles in DRAMs for future scaling technology.
White cell count and intensive care unit outcome

Summary A high white cell count on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) is generally perceived to be associated with severe illness and poor outcome, but the implications of a low white cell count are less well recognised. We retrospectively analysed data on 4165 patients. The white cell count on admission was split into four categories, leucopenic (< 4.0 × 109.l−1), normal (4.001–10.0 × 109. l−1), leucemoid (10.001–25.0 × 109.l−1) and an exaggerated leucemoid response (> 25.001 × 109.l−1). The mortality of patients with leucopenia on admission to the intensive care unit was higher than those with normal or moderately raised white cell count (37.5% vs. 18.9% and 23.9%, respectively). A leucopenic response, as well as an exaggerated leucemoid response, is associated with an increased mortality.
Argumentation-enabled interest-based personalised recommender system

Recommender systems (RSs) use information filtering to recommend information of interest (to a user). Similarly, personalisation can be adopted for recommendations in e-market. We propose a new and innovative system called as interest-based recommender system (IBRS) for personalisation of recommendations. The IBRS is an agent-based RS that takes into account user's preferences. It can transform a standard product (or service) into a dedicated solution for an individual. The system discovers interesting product alternatives based on user's underlying mental attitudes (likes and dislikes) during the repair process using argumentation. The proposed method combines a hybrid RS approach with automated argumentation-based reasoning between agents. The system improves results by improving the recommendation repair activity. We consider a book recommendation application, for experiment to carry out the system's (objective and subjective) evaluation using standard metrics. The experiments confirm that the proposed IBRS improves user's acceptance of the product as compared with a traditional hybrid method and an argumentation-enabled state-of-the-art recommendation method. The system has been found to be more effective than its traditional counterpart when dealing with the new user problems.
Power-aware test generation with guaranteed launch safety for at-speed scan testing

At-speed scan testing may suffer from severe yield loss due to the launch safety problem, where test responses are invalidated by excessive launch switching activity (LSA) caused by test stimulus launching in the at-speed test cycle. However, previous low-power test generation techniques can only reduce LSA to some extent but cannot guarantee launch safety. This paper proposes a novel & practical power-aware test generation flow, featuring guaranteed launch safety. The basic idea is to enhance ATPG with a unique two-phase (rescue & mask) scheme by targeting at the real cause of the launch safety problem, i.e., the excessive LSA in the neighboring areas (namely impact areas) around long paths sensitized by a test vector. The rescue phase is to reduce excessive LSA in impact areas in a focused manner, and the mask phase is to exclude from use in fault detection the uncertain test response at the endpoint of any long sensitized path that still has excessive LSA in its impact area even after the rescue phase is executed. This scheme is the first of its kind for achieving guaranteed launch safety with minimal impact on test quality and test costs, which is the ultimate goal of power-aware at-speed scan test generation.
Practical algorithm for unlimited scale terrain rendering

The paper presents an algorithm for rendering digital terrain models of unlimited scale and detail. The algorithm is straightforward and simple to implement. It integrates easily with rendering of other geographical data. It has minimal CPU requirements as it harnesses the power of modern graphics processing units. It has implicit triangle budget and provides stable frame rates.
A necessary algebraic condition for controllability and observability of linear time-varying systems

In this note, we give an algebraic condition which is necessary for the system x'(t)=A(t)x(t)+B(t)u(t), y(t)=C(t)x(t), either to be totally controllable or to be totally observable, where x/spl isin//spl Ropf//sup d/, u/spl isin//spl Ropf//sup p/, y/spl isin//spl Ropf//sup q/, and the matrix functions A, B and C are (d-2), (d-1) and (d-1) times continuously differentiable, respectively. All conditions presented here are in terms of known quantities and therefore easily verified. Our conditions can be used to rule out large classes of time-varying systems which cannot be controlled and/or observed no matter what the nonzero time-varying coefficients are. This work is motivated by the deep result of Silverman and Meadows.
Cytotoxicity Investigation on Cultured Human Blood Cells Treated with Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes

The single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are one of the new materials of emerging technologies. They are becoming increasingly studied for the possible applications in electronics, optics and biology. In particular, very promising fields of application are the development of optical biosensors and the intracellular drug delivery. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of information on their toxicological properties and on potential human health risk. In the present study the SWCNTs were investigated for the possible induction of toxicity in human blood cells. Cell growth, viability, apoptosis and metabolic activity were evaluated in proliferating human peripheral blood lymphocytes. In un-stimulated human leukocytes primary DNA damage was also evaluated. SWCNTs concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 μg/ml were tested, and treatment duration varied from 6 to 72 h, in accordance with the biological target investigated. A statistically significant decrease in cell growth was found in cells treated with the highest concentrations (25 and 50 μg/ml). Such decrease was not associated to cell death or apoptosis, but it was demonstrated to be related to a decrease in metabolic activity, as assessed by resazurin assay. Moreover, treatments of 6 h with SWCNTs concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 μg/ml failed to induce primary DNA damage on the entire human leukocytes population.
An aesthetic perspective to explore aesthetic components of interactive system: a case study on music player

This paper proposes an aesthetic perspective to decompose interaction for its aesthetic components. Our approach is to collect both dancers' subjective descriptions and objective analysis on the same interactivity built under the guidance of an aesthetic experience of everyday lives. In order to get the descriptions, dancers' professional skills were utilized to create interactivity. Existed theories of aesthetic attributes and movement analysis method were utilized to analyze. Based on these works, we generated four aesthetic components that can impact the aesthetic experience. The research contribution is to get further understanding of the essence of aesthetic interaction and to offer interaction designers a reference to build aesthetic experience.