Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Confirming Statements about Pictures of Natural Scenes: Evidence of the Processing of Gist from Eye Movements

Combined displays of graphics and text, such as figure captions in newspapers and books, lead to distinctive inspection patterns, or scanpaths. Readers characteristically look very briefly at the picture, and then read the caption, and then look again at the picture. The initial inspection of the picture is the focus of interest in the present experiment, in which we attempted to modify the inspection by giving participants advance knowledge of the subject of a sentence (the cued object) that was to be verified or denied on the basis of whether it correctly described some aspect of the scene shown in the picture. Eye fixations were recorded while the viewers looked at the picture and the sentence in whatever sequence they chose. By allowing viewers to know the subject of the sentence in advance, we asked whether patterns of fixations on the sentence and on the second inspection of the picture would reflect prior knowledge of the focus of the sentence. Providing advance information did not influence eye movements while reading the sentence. It did, however, increase the number of fixations in the initial inspection of the picture, and it also reduced the number and duration of the fixations on the pictures overall. The results suggest that cueing participants to the object allowed increased coding in the initial inspection of the picture, though the benefit of such coding only becomes apparent when the picture is inspected for the second time.
A variant of Schnorr signature scheme with tight security reduction

In 1990, Schnorr proposed a signature scheme that is suitable for smart card interactions. The original Schnorr signature was based on the Discrete Logarithm assumption with a loose security reduction. In 2003, Katz-Wang then proposed a variant of Schnorr's signature scheme based on the Decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption with a tight security reduction. In this paper, we further improve Katz-Wang's work by reducing the number of public keys used, while maintaining the tight security properties of the scheme based on Decisional Square Computational Diffie-Hellman assumption.
Large-Scale Velocity Structures in the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster

We present 547 optical redshifts obtained for galaxies in the region of the Horologium-Reticulum supercluster (HRS) using the 6° field (6dF) multifiber spectrograph on the UK Schmidt Telescope at the Anglo-Australian Observatory. The HRS covers an area of more than 12° × 12° on the sky centered at approximately α = 03h19m, δ = -50°02′. Our 6dF observations concentrate on the intercluster regions of the HRS, from which we describe four primary results. First, the HRS spans at least the redshift range from 17,000 to 22,500 km s-1. Second, the overdensity of galaxies in the intercluster regions of the HRS in this redshift range is estimated to be 2.4, or δρ/ ∼ 1.4. Third, we find a systematic trend of increasing redshift along a southeast-northwest spatial axis in the HRS, in that the mean redshift of HRS members increases by more than 1500 km s-1 from southeast to northwest over a 12° region. Fourth, the HRS is bimodal in redshift with a separation of ∼2500 km s-1 (35 Mpc) between the higher and lower redshift peaks. This fact is particularly evident if the above spatial-redshift trend is fitted and removed. In short, the HRS appears to consist of two components in redshift space, each one exhibiting a similar systematic spatial-redshift trend along a southeast-northwest axis. Lastly, we compare these results from the HRS with the Shapley supercluster and find similar properties and large-scale features.
Telemedicine acceptance framework for the elderly in Thailand

Thailand is currently moving toward an ageing society. According to the current population structure, the number of elderly tends to be increasing while the number of working-age people is decreasing. Often the elderly require intensive healthcare, and due to the growing elderly population, the need for an adequate number of healthcare professionals to provide healthcare services becomes a big issue. Telemedicine has emerged as a solution by providing professional healthcare services in remote areas. However, telemedicine in Thailand is still underutilized for many reasons. In this work, we studied factors that affect the acceptance of telemedicine for the elderly in Thailand. In particular, we applied the UTAUT framework for confirming the relationships between the proposed factors and the behavioral intention. The results provide an insight into understanding how the elderly accept telemedicine, and hence, enable the design of the telemedicine acceptance framework for the elderly in Thailand.
Consensus Recommendations : A Consensus Statement From the American Heart Strategies for Improving Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States :

Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Peripheral Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation, Council on on behalf of the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee, Peberdy and Dana P. Edelson Paul W. McMullan, Jr, Terry Vanden Hoek, Colleen C. Halverson, Lynn Doering, Mary Ann Laurie J. Morrison, Robert W. Neumar, Janice L. Zimmerman, Mark S. Link, L. Kristin Newby, Association 2013 Consensus Recommendations: A Consensus Statement From the American Heart Strategies for Improving Survival After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States: Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31828b277
Consumer Xenocentrism as Determinant of Foreign Product Preference: A System Justification Perspective

Foreign and domestic product purchase behavior largely depends on consumer predispositions. The dominant construct in international marketing literature explaining such behavior has been consumer ethnocentrism, which is conceptually anchored in social identity theory. However, such a perspective overlooks evidence that certain consumers are consistently attracted by the “foreignness” of a product. Drawing from system justification theory, the present investigation conceptualizes and provides an empirical test of the consumer xenocentrism construct that is intended to explain consumer attraction toward foreign products. Using survey data from five complementary studies, the authors develop and validate a new scale (the C-XENSCALE) to measure consumers’ xenocentric tendencies and offer extensive evidence on its ability to explain consumer preferences for foreign products. The authors discuss implications of the findings for theory and managerial practice and identify future research directions.
The Knee Joint Tissues Differ Significantly in TGFβ1 Expression and Its Sensitivity

The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body. In this study, we investigated TGFβ1 expression in the outer meniscus, inner meniscus and articular cartilage of rabbit and human knee tissue (outer and inner menisci) in order to determine the potential role of this factor in normal meniscal function. We also examined the potential of TGF-β1 stimulation to promote tissue regeneration in the two different regions of rabbit knee meniscus tissue. Immunohistochemical investigations of TGF-β1 were performed on rabbit and human knee tissue. The rabbit outer, inner and articular cartilage cells were culture and stimulated with TGF-β1 followed by cell proliferation assay and extracellular matrix analysis. Regulatory studies were performed using TGF-β1 inhibitors SB-431542 and PD98059. Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We found marked regional variation in the expression of TGF-β1 in rabbit and human knee. TGF-β1 expressions are relatively greater in the outer meniscus than inner meniscus. Furthermore, we found that exogenous TGF-β1 stimulation increased cell proliferation and aggrecan synthesis more so in the outer than in the inner meniscus. Articular cartilage tissue shows moderate levels of cell proliferation and ECM synthesis when compared with outer and inner meniscus. These findings suggest that growth factors used to enhance the repair and regeneration of meniscal tissue should be tailored to enhance region-specific variation in cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis.
First evidence for (TTAGG)n telomeric sequence and sex chromosome post-reduction in Coleorrhyncha (Insecta, Hemiptera)

Abstract Telomeric repeats are general and significant structures of eukaryotic chromosomes. However, nothing is known about the molecular structure of telomeres in the enigmatic hemipteran suborder Coleorrhyncha (moss bugs) commonly considered as the sister group to the suborder Heteroptera (true bugs). The true bugs are known to differ from the rest of the Hemiptera in that they display an inverted sequence of sex chromosome divisions in male meiosis, the so-called sex chromosome post-reduction. To date, there has been no information about meiosis in Coleorrhyncha. Here we report a cytogenetic observation of Peloridium pomponorum, a representative of the single extant coleorrhynchan family Peloridiidae, using the standard chromosome staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with a (TTAGG)n telomeric probe. We show that Peloridium pomponorum displays 2n = 31 (30A + X) in males, the classical insect (TTAGG)n telomere organization and sex chromosome post-reduction during spermatocyte meiosis. The plesiomorphic insect-type (TTAGG)n telomeric sequence is suggested to be preserved in Coleorrhyncha and in a basal heteropteran infraorder Nepomorpha, but absent (lost) in the advanced heteropteran lineages Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha. The telomere structure in other true bug infraorders is currently unknown. We consider here the inverted sequence of sex chromosome divisions as a synapomorphy of the group Coleorrhyncha + Heteroptera.
Patterns of Life-History Diversification in North American Fishes: implications for Population Regulation

Interspecific patterns of fish life histories were evaluated in relation to several theoretical models of life-history evolution. Data were gathered for 216 North American fish species (57 families) to explore relationships among variables and to ordinate species. Multivariate tests, performed on freshwater, marine, and combined data matrices, repeatedly identified a gradient associating later-maturing fishes with higher fecundity, small eggs, and few bouts of reproduction during a short spawning season and the opposite suite of traits with small fishes. A second strong gradient indicated positive associations between parental care, egg size, and extended breeding seasons. Phylogeny affected each variable, and some higher taxonomic groupings were associated with particular life-history strategies. High-fecundity characteristics tended to be associated with large species ranges in the marine environment. Age at maturation, adult growth rate, life span, and egg size positively correlated with anadromy. Pare.
Read, Tag, and Parse All at Once, or Fully-neural Dependency Parsing

We present a dependency parser implemented as a single deep neural network that reads orthographic representations of words and directly generates dependencies and their labels. Unlike typical approaches to parsing, the model doesn't require part-of-speech (POS) tagging of the sentences. With proper regularization and additional supervision achieved with multitask learning we reach state-of-the-art performance on Slavic languages from the Universal Dependencies treebank: with no linguistic features other than characters, our parser is as accurate as a transition- based system trained on perfect POS tags.
The influence of moderate red wine consumption on antioxidant status and indices of oxidative stress associated with CHD in healthy volunteers

The effects of moderate red wine consumption on the antioxidant status and indices of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress associated with CHD were investigated. A randomised, controlled study was performed with twenty free-living healthy volunteers. Subjects in the red wine group consumed 375 ml red wine daily for 2 weeks. We measured the total concentration of phenolics and analysed the individual phenolics in the wine and plasma by HPLC with tandem MS. The antioxidant capacity of plasma was measured with electron spin resonance spectroscopy while homocysteine and fasting plasma lipids were also determined. The production of conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in Cu-oxidised LDL. Plasma total phenolic concentrations increased significantly after 2 weeks of daily red wine consumption (P≤0·001) and trace levels of metabolites, mainly glucuronides and methyl glucuronides of (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin, were detected in the plasma of the red wine group. These flavan-3-ol metabolites were not detected in plasma from the control group. The maximum concentrations of conjugated dienes and TBARS in Cu-oxidised LDL were reduced (P≤0·05) and HDL cholesterol concentrations increased (P≤0·05) following red wine consumption. The findings from the present study provide some evidence for potential protective effects of moderate consumption of red wine in healthy volunteers.
Printing of Patterned, Engineered E. coli Biofilms with a Low-Cost 3D Printer.

Biofilms can grow on virtually any surface available, with impacts ranging from endangering the lives of patients to degrading unwanted water contaminants. Biofilm research is challenging due to the high degree of biofilm heterogeneity. A method for the production of standardized, reproducible, and patterned biofilm-inspired materials could be a boon for biofilm research and allow for completely new engineering applications. Here, we present such a method, combining 3D printing with genetic engineering. We prototyped a low-cost 3D printer that prints bioink, a suspension of bacteria in a solution of alginate that solidifies on a calcium-containing substrate. We 3D-printed Escherichia coli in different shapes and in discrete layers, after which the cells survived in the printing matrix for at least 1 week. When printed bacteria were induced to form curli fibers, the major proteinaceous extracellular component of E. coli biofilms, they remained adherent to the printing substrate and stably spatially patterned even after treatment with a matrix-dissolving agent, indicating that a biofilm-mimicking structure had formed. This work is the first demonstration of patterned, biofilm-inspired living materials that are produced by genetic control over curli formation in combination with spatial control by 3D printing. These materials could be used as living, functional materials in applications such as water filtration, metal ion sequestration, or civil engineering, and potentially as standardizable models for certain curli-containing biofilms.
Social Smart Meter: Identifying Energy Consumption Behavior in User-Generated Content

Having a thorough understanding of energy consumption behavior is an important element of sustainability studies. Traditional sources of information about energy consumption, such as smart meter devices and surveys, can be costly to deploy, may lack contextual information or have infrequent updates. In this paper, we examine the possibility of extracting energy consumption-related information from user-generated content. More specifically, we develop a pipeline that helps identify energy-related content in Twitter posts and classify it into four categories (dwelling, food, leisure, and mobility), according to the type of activity performed. We further demonstrate a web-based application--called Social Smart Meter--that implements the proposed pipeline and enables different stakeholders to gain an insight into daily energy consumption behavior, as well as showcase it in case studies involving several world cities.
Effects of Supplementation of Ionized or Chelated Water-Soluble Mineral Mixture on the Live Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Profile, Egg Quality, and Excreta Microbiota of Laying Hens

In total, 216 Hy-Line brown laying hens (40-week-old), were used in a 5-week experiment to evaluate the effects of ionized or chelated water-soluble mineral mixture supplementation on live performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, egg quality, and excreta microbiota. Layers were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments with 12 replicates of six adjacent cages each. The dietary treatments consisted of: 1) CON (basal diet + normal tap water), 2) T1 (CON+0.5% ionized mineral mixture in tap water, pH 3.0); and 3) T2 (CON+ 0.5% chelated mineral mixture in tap water, pH 3.0). Egg production tended to increase in week 1, week 3 and week 4 in the birds supplemented with T1 and T2 diet compared with CON. Moreover, the dietary supplementation of water-soluble mineral mixture improved (p=0.02) eggshell thickness in week 4 and tended to improve in week 5 of the experimental period in T2 hens compared with CON. The layers fed the T1 diet presented higher (p<0.05) Ca digestibility than CON hens, while the T2 diet promoted a numerical increase in Ca digestibility. Blood calcium concentration increased (p<0.05) with T1 and T2 treatments compared with CON. The laying hens fed the T1 and T2 diets tended to present lower Salmonella and E. coli counts isolated from excreta compared with CON. In conclusion, ionized and chelated mineral mixtures had a positive impact on production performance and eggshell quality, improved Ca digestibility and blood Ca level.
The Theory and Practice of Integrating Invertible Counterpoint into Classical Theme-Types

This essay investigates the use of invertible counterpoint within conventional theme-types encountered within Classical-style works. Whereas recent research has focused on how this contrapuntal technique provides a means of creating continuity, this article expands the purview by elucidating how it works in concert with theme-types, forms regulated by cadences (devices that arguably suppress continuity). A basic model provides the theoretical framework with which to analyze excerpts from a selection of works by Beethoven, Haydn, and Mozart. The analyses reveal that some theme-types are more successful than others at integrating invertible counterpoint into their formal design. Moreover, the analyses uncover the purpose of using invertible counterpoint within theme-types.
dOpenCL – Evaluation of an API-Forwarding Implementation

Parallel workloads using compute resources such as GPUs and accelerators is a rapidly developing trend in the field of high performance computing. At the same time, virtualization is a generally accepted solution to share compute resources with remote users in a secure and isolated way. However, accessing compute resources from inside virtualized environments still poses a huge problem without any generally accepted and vendor independent solution. This work presents a brief experimental evaluation of employing dOpenCL as an approach to solve this problem. dOpenCL extends OpenCL for distributed computing by forwarding OpenCL calls to remote compute nodes. We evaluate the dOpenCL implementation for accessing local GPU resources from inside virtual machines, thus omitting the need of any specialized or proprietary GPU virtualization software. Our measurements revealed that the overhead of using dOpenCL from inside a VM compared to utilizing OpenCL directly on the host is less than 10% for average and large data sets. For very small data sets, it may even provide a performance benefit. Furthermore, dOpenCL greatly simplifies distributed programming compared to, e.g., MPI based approaches, as it only requires a single programming paradigm and is mostly binary compatible to plain OpenCL implementations.
Definition of temperature in equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems

We combine the definition of temperature for an Hamiltonian dynamical system, with the Hamiltonian representation of a nonequilibrium isokinetic steady state, to obtain an expression for the temperature away from equilibrium. Results of numerical simulations performed to assess the validity of this approach for color field systems are reported. A strong correlation between the kinetic temperature orthogonal to the color current and the ratio of the averages of two given phase variables is observed. Introduction In a recent paper by Rugh [1], a method of determining the temperature in an hamiltonian dynamical system was proposed. It begins with the definition of the entropy S as the (canonically invariant) weighted area of the energy surface Ω(the level set of the Hamiltonian H(q,p)), under the assumption that the dynamical system is ergodic in Ω. Defining the temperature T(E) in the usual thermodynamic way through 1 T(E) = dS dE , (1) Rugh defines the phase variable Ψ(Γ) = ∂ ∂Γ ⋅ ∂H ∂Γ ∂H ∂Γ ⋅ ∂H ∂Γ 
Whole-Genome Sequence of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus Isolated from Farmed Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Pennsylvania

ABSTRACT Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an acute contagious systemic disease affecting several fish species and a critical disease in the salmonid fish farming industry. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of IPN virus (IPNV) RNA segments A and B, isolated from a farmed brook trout in Pennsylvania.
Primary biliary cirrhosis in monozygotic and dizygotic twins: genetics, epigenetics, and environment.

BACKGROUND & AIMS There is growing evidence that the interplay of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors leads to primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). In particular, family members of an infected individual have up to a 100-fold higher risk of developing PBC. Although concordant rates for identical twins in other autoimmune diseases range between 25% and 50%, there are no such data on PBC. Accordingly, we evaluated the concordance of PBC in a genetically defined population of twin sets and evaluated the clinical characteristics between concordant subjects. METHODS We identified 16 pairs of twins within a 1400-family cohort followed up by several centers worldwide, evaluated the diagnosis of PBC in all individuals, and determined the zygosity of sets reported as identical by the analysis of 2 highly variable HLA class II regions and 5 short tandem repeats. RESULTS Eight of 16 sets of twins were monozygotic. In 5 of 8 monozygotic twin sets, both individuals had PBC (pairwise concordance rate, 0.63). Among the dizygotic twins (n = 8), no set was found to be concordant for PBC. Interestingly, the age at onset of disease was similar in 4 of 5 concordant sets of monozygotic pairs; however, there were differences in natural history and disease severity. CONCLUSIONS The concordance rate of PBC in identical twins is among the highest reported in autoimmunity. However, discordant pairs were identified. The data show not only the role of genetics but also emphasize that either epigenetic factors and/or environment play a critical role.