Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Class I and II Small Heat Shock Proteins Together with HSP101 Protect Protein Translation Factors during Heat Stress1[OPEN]

Small HSPs are important for heat tolerance, interacting with and protecting an overlapping set of heat-sensitive proteins in protein translation together with HSP101. The ubiquitous small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are well documented to act in vitro as molecular chaperones to prevent the irreversible aggregation of heat-sensitive proteins. However, the in vivo activities of sHSPs remain unclear. To investigate the two most abundant classes of plant cytosolic sHSPs (class I [CI] and class II [CII]), RNA interference (RNAi) and overexpression lines were created in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and shown to have reduced and enhanced tolerance, respectively, to extreme heat stress. Affinity purification of CI and CII sHSPs from heat-stressed seedlings recovered eukaryotic translation elongation factor (eEF) 1B (α-, β-, and γ-subunits) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (three isoforms), although the association with CI sHSPs was stronger and additional proteins involved in translation were recovered with CI sHSPs. eEF1B subunits became partially insoluble during heat stress and, in the CI and CII RNAi lines, showed reduced recovery to the soluble cell fraction after heat stress, which was also dependent on HSP101. Furthermore, after heat stress, CI sHSPs showed increased retention in the insoluble fraction in the CII RNAi line and vice versa. Immunolocalization revealed that both CI and CII sHSPs were present in cytosolic foci, some of which colocalized with HSP101 and with eEF1Bγ and eEF1Bβ. Thus, CI and CII sHSPs have both unique and overlapping functions and act either directly or indirectly to protect specific translation factors in cytosolic stress granules.
Exploring the contextualisation of methods in research synthesis: Three studies in dementia and communication

This thesis constitutes a programme of research to adapt and test three review methodologies. The methodologies include: a Scoping Review, a Meta Study and a Narrative Synthesis. The objective of methodological development was to create systematised processes for identifying suitable forms of communication for participants from contextualised research evidence and synthesis. Communication (data collection) methods are pivotal in understanding lived experience and representing views. The empirical focus of the thesis surrounds forms of alternative communication methods in the context of people with dementia. These alternative research methods are particularly important for participants who may not use verbal forms of communication as their primary method of interaction. The thesis proposes the introduction of a new review genre called ‘methods contextualisation’ which could assist reviewers in critiquing data collection methods and interpreting voices in research. The thesis is structured in three phases: development, implementation, and conceptualisation of the methodologies. Outcomes of the thesis produced both methodological and empirical findings. The adapted methodologies are presented as a typology, offering different forms of critical understanding about communication methods to influence future choice and use of those methods. Findings identify and synthesise relevant forms of knowledge. The thesis proposes methods contextualisation processes could be embedded into dementia theory, research and practice.
A DISTRIBUTED APPROACH TO N-PUZZLE SOLVING

We present in this paper a distributed approach for solving the N-puzzle. This approach is based on the decomposition of a problem into the set of the smallest independent subgoals that can be described, be they serializable or not. These subgoals are at their turn decomposed into agents whose task is to satisfy the subgoal. We have chosen the Eco-Problem-Solving model for describing the internal functioning of these agents. Each of them is then characterized by a state, a goal, a satisfaction behavior and a flight behavior. Those kernel behaviors invoke domaindependent actions that must fit with the domain in which the agent is involved. The description of these actions is made by presenting their basic algorithm and the heuristics used in it, namely the MGB and VMGB distance computations. A simple example of solving is presented, followed by an example of what can be called an “emergent solution” to the problem of the corners. We prove, then, that the method is complete and decidable for any size of N-puzzle. Its theoretical complexity is calculated, with respect to the size of the puzzle, for three values: the room used in memory, the solution length and the execution time. Following this theoretical part, the experimental results allow us to show the first published results for puzzles whose size is over 100.
Joint Dimming and Communication Design for Visible Light Communication

Multi-pulse position modulation (M-PPM) is advantageous in a visible light communication system due to its overall satisfactory performance in spectrum efficiency and dimming control. In this letter, we consider the joint dimming and communication design with M-PPM. We provide a model for the dimming control and address the balance between the dimming loss minimization and the transmission rate maximization. The dimming loss is modeled by the quantization loss within the dimming range for the discrete transmission power levels. The transmission rate is evaluated by the channel capacity. We propose two optimization formulations on the dimming requirement service and the transmission rate maximization. Numerical results show that the objective loss function may increase as either the lower limit of the dimming range approaches zero or the upper limit approaches the peak transmission power.
Accelerating Science: A Computing Research Agenda

Author(s): Honavar, Vasant G; Hill, Mark D; Yelick, Katherine | Abstract: The emergence of "big data" offers unprecedented opportunities for not only accelerating scientific advances but also enabling new modes of discovery. Scientific progress in many disciplines is increasingly enabled by our ability to examine natural phenomena through the computational lens, i.e., using algorithmic or information processing abstractions of the underlying processes; and our ability to acquire, share, integrate and analyze disparate types of data. However, there is a huge gap between our ability to acquire, store, and process data and our ability to make effective use of the data to advance discovery. Despite successful automation of routine aspects of data management and analytics, most elements of the scientific process currently require considerable human expertise and effort. Accelerating science to keep pace with the rate of data acquisition and data processing calls for the development of algorithmic or information processing abstractions, coupled with formal methods and tools for modeling and simulation of natural processes as well as major innovations in cognitive tools for scientists, i.e., computational tools that leverage and extend the reach of human intellect, and partner with humans on a broad range of tasks in scientific discovery (e.g., identifying, prioritizing formulating questions, designing, prioritizing and executing experiments designed to answer a chosen question, drawing inferences and evaluating the results, and formulating new questions, in a closed-loop fashion). This calls for concerted research agenda aimed at: Development, analysis, integration, sharing, and simulation of algorithmic or information processing abstractions of natural processes, coupled with formal methods and tools for their analyses and simulation; Innovations in cognitive tools that augment and extend human intellect and partner with humans in all aspects of science.
Ferritin is the key to dietary iron absorption and tissue iron detoxification in Drosophila melanogaster

Mammalian ferritin is predominantly in the cytosol, with a minor portion found in plasma. In most insects, including Drosophila melanogaster, ferritin belongs to the secretory type. The functional role of secretory ferritin in iron homeostasis remains poorly understood in insects as well as in mammalians. Here we used Drosophila to dissect the involvement of ferritin in insect iron metabolism. Midgut‐specific knockdown of ferritin resulted in iron accumulation in the gut but systemic iron deficiency (37% control), accompanied by retarded development and reduced survival (3% survival), and was rescued by dietary iron supplementation (50% survival) or exacerbated by iron depletion (0% survival). These results suggest an essential role of ferritin in removing iron from enterocytes across the basolateral membrane. Expression of wild‐type ferritin in the midgut, especially in the iron cell region, could significantly rescue ferritin‐null mutants (first‐instar larvae rescued up to early adults), indicating iron deficiency as the major cause of early death for ferritin flies. In many nonintestinal tissues, tissue‐specific ferritin knockdown also caused local iron accumulation (100% increase) and resulted in severe tissue damage, as evidenced by cell loss. Overall, our study demonstrated Drosophila ferritin is essential to two key aspects of iron homeostasis: dietary iron absorption and tissue iron detoxification. —Tang, X. , Zhou, B. Ferritin is the key to dietary iron absorption and tissue iron detoxification in Drosophila melanogaster. FASEB J. 27, 288–298 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Pneumatic micro finger as endeffecter of robot

This paper reports the pneumatic PDMS micro finger as an endeffector of robot. The micro finger structures consist of two PDMS films with different mixing ratio of the base polymer and curing agent. An applied air pressure mainly contributes to the generation of the pulling force of the top PDMS layer with excess Si-H group and the large deformation of the flexible bottom layer with excess vinyl group. This combination of the micro finger or hand with a rigid PDMS layer and a flexible one is based on the human being's finger or hand. For the proper structural design rule, in this paper, the micro finer structures with different balloon shape are fabricated and tested by a pneumatic force. While the thickness ratio of the bottom layer and the top one is about 3, the bending angle of micro finger is most sensitive to the applied air pressure. During the repeat test for about 5 hours, there are no any noticeable degradation on the bending motion and the structural failure. The hybrid motion of the micro finger with two or three degree of freedom in micro world and the guide robot in macro world is successfully realized by using VR (virtual realty) system
Transformative Learning in Practice: Examples from Extension Education

Transformative learning can lead to great awareness of one's own and others' personal perspectives and result in changes in how participants understand important social issues and how they choose to take action or not. Three examples of Extension teaching that embrace transformative learning are presented: a phenomenological approach to interaction with landowners; forest story cards; and scenario planning. These tools have been shown to be useful in forestry and may be useful in many Extension disciplines.
Factors Influencing School Counselors’ Suspecting and Reporting of Childhood Physical Abuse: Investigating Child, Parent, School, and Abuse Characteristics

This study sought to explore possible child abuse reporting disparities among school counselors. The participants in this study were elementary school counselors (N = 398) from across the United States. Each participant read a series of vignettes and completed a survey regarding their inclinations about suspecting and reporting childhood physical abuse. The surveys manipulated the following variables: student race, family socioeconomic status (between-subject variables), relationship with the school counselor, and severity of abuse (within-subject variables). School counselors were found to be more likely to suspect defensive parents of abuse than cooperative or non-involved parents. School counselors were also less likely to suspect abuse when a child reported being hit without physical evidence than if a child had a bruised or broken arm. Last, school counselors were more likely to report a child with a bruised arm over a child who reported being hit without physical evidence. Although certain concerns emerged as a result of this study and all signs of abuse should be reported to the appropriate authorities, school counselors were more likely, across the board, to report abuse than to suspect abuse.
Customer and Network Value of Mobile Services: Balancing Requirements and Strategic Interests

Designing business models for mobile services is a complex undertaking. A business model can be seen as a blueprint of four interrelated components: service offering, technical architecture, and organizational and financial arrangements. Little attention has been paid to how these different components are related to one another. Multiple actors have to balance different design requirements, strategic interests, and business logics to create a win–win situation, in which each actor has incentives to cooperate. Knowledge on the interrelation between and within the four components is needed to enhance our understanding of what constitutes a viable business model. In this paper, the connections between these components are explored by analyzing the critical design issues in business models for mobile services (e.g., targeting, branding, and customer retention in the service domain; security, quality of service and system integration in the technology domain; network governance in the organization domain; and revenue sharing in the finance domain). A causal framework is developed linking these critical design issues to expected customer value and expected network value, and hence to business model viability.
Improving the performance of the web proxy server through group prefetching

The web proxy server has widely been used to reduce the internet latency that the client perceived. With the help of the proxy server, the client may receive requested web objects from it rather than from the web server hosting them. Nevertheless, the client still needs to spend the time waiting for the web object being transferred from the proxy server when the local web browser does not have a valid copy of the requested object. This period of latency could be further reduced by predicting what web objects the client may need in the near future and then prefetching them to the cache of the local web browser. Different approaches had been proposed to help the proxy server capable of making prediction and prefetching to further reduce the Internet latency. Most of them use techniques including temporal locality, data mining, or more complicated mathematic models such as the Markov model to devise different predicting algorithms. We propose a new model, which dynamically combines temporal and spacial locality to help the proxy server make web object prediction and prefetching. Through the simulation against real traces, our model shows that with our design, collectively, the local web browser can lift its caching performance by an increase of 30% to 40%.
A PSO-based MPPT algorithm for photovoltaic systems subject to inhomogeneous insolation

Photovoltaic generation system (PGS) has become an attractive option among renewable energy sources because it is clean, maintenance-free and environmental friendly. For large PGS, the probability for partially shaded condition (PSC) to occur is high. Under PSC, when the entire array does not receive uniform insolation, the P-V curves of PGS get more complex, exhibiting multiple peaks. In this paper, a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based MPPT algorithm for PGS operating under PSC is proposed. The problem formulation and design procedure are described and explained in detail. The proposed method boasts the advantages such as easy to implement, system-independent and high tracking efficiency. To validate the correctness of the proposed method, simulation and experimental results of a 2 kW PGS will also be provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Transcriptomic Analyses during the Transition from Biomass Production to Lipid Accumulation in the Oleaginous Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

We previously developed a fermentation protocol for lipid accumulation in the oleaginous yeast Y. lipolytica. This process was used to perform transcriptomic time-course analyses to explore gene expression in Y. lipolytica during the transition from biomass production to lipid accumulation. In this experiment, a biomass concentration of 54.6 gCDW/l, with 0.18 g/gCDW lipid was obtained in ca. 32 h, with low citric acid production. A transcriptomic profiling was performed on 11 samples throughout the fermentation. Through statistical analyses, 569 genes were highlighted as differentially expressed at one point during the time course of the experiment. These genes were classified into 9 clusters, according to their expression profiles. The combination of macroscopic and transcriptomic profiles highlighted 4 major steps in the culture: (i) a growth phase, (ii) a transition phase, (iii) an early lipid accumulation phase, characterized by an increase in nitrogen metabolism, together with strong repression of protein production and activity; (iv) a late lipid accumulation phase, characterized by the rerouting of carbon fluxes within cells. This study explores the potential of Y. lipolytica as an alternative oil producer, by identifying, at the transcriptomic level, the genes potentially involved in the metabolism of oleaginous species.
Different Brain Circuits Underlie Motor and Perceptual Representations of Temporal Intervals

In everyday life, temporal information is used for both perception and action, but whether these two functions reflect the operation of similar or different neural circuits is unclear. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural correlates of processing temporal information when either a motor or a perceptual representation is used. Participants viewed two identical sequences of visual stimuli and used the information differently to perform either a temporal reproduction or a temporal estimation task. By comparing brain activity evoked by these tasks and control conditions, we explored commonalities and differences in brain areas involved in reproduction and estimation of temporal intervals. The basal ganglia and the cerebellum were commonly active in both temporal tasks, consistent with suggestions that perception and production of time are subserved by the same mechanisms. However, only in the reproduction task was activity observed in a wider cortical network including the right pre-SMA, left middle frontal gyrus, left premotor cortex, with a more reliable activity in the right inferior parietal cortex, left fusiform gyrus, and the right extrastriate visual area V5/MT. Our findings point to a role for the parietal cortex as an interface between sensory and motor processes and suggest that it may be a key node in translation of temporal information into action. Furthermore, we discuss the potential importance of the extrastriate cortex in processing visual time in the context of recent findings.
Emotional intelligence and neuroticism: implications for psychological well-being and individual experience

This study employed a mixed-methods design to address two aims. The quantitative component examined the association between neuroticism, EI and Psychological Well-Being (PWB) to determine whether EI demonstrated the potential to reduce or control the negative influence of neuroticism on PWB. It was hypothesised that 1. Neuroticism would be significantly negatively related to PWB, 2. EI would be significantly positively related to PWB and 3. EI would moderate the relationship between neuroticism and PWB. The qualitative component explored individuals’ experiences of PWB in relation to neuroticism and EI. 101 participants completed three questionnaires to measure EI, PWB and neuroticism. The data was analysed using a hierarchical multiple regression. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were supported, 3 was not. It was also found that EI significantly predicted PWB whereas neuroticism did not. A sample of 4 participants with opposing PWB completed a semi-structured interview composed around three PWB facets. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Three themes (including sub-themes) were developed. These described relational contexts, ‘openness’ and ‘change’. Aspects of EI and neuroticism were somewhat apparent within participants’ experience, the findings conflicting with yet also complementing the quantitative findings. The theoretical implications of this study are considered in light of these findings.
A current mode 6-bit self-clocked tracking ADC with adaptive clock frequency for DC-DC converters

A 6-bit self-clocked tracking ADC for the application in DC-DC converters is presented. Depending on the characteristics of the input signal, the adaptive control mechanism automatically increases or decreases the self-clocked frequency to match the tracking and energy efficiency. The ADC described in this paper has a high conversion rate of up to 50 MS/s with 2.6 pJ/conversion-step. The prototype ADC occupies a very small chip area of 400×200 μm2 on a 130 nm 6M1P technology. Without using costly amplifiers, the maximum power dissipation is 84 μW at a supply voltage of 1.4 V when operated at 50 MS/s.
E2F from adenovirus-infected cells binds cooperatively to DNA containing two properly oriented and spaced recognition sites

E2F is a sequence-specific DNA-binding factor which binds to sites that occur in pairs upstream of the adenovirus E1A and E2 early transcriptional start sites. Substantial quantities of E2F activity were found in uninfected-cell extracts, and there was a modest increase in E2F activity during an adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) infection. In uninfected cells, E2F was found to exist in multiple forms that could be separated chromatographically. Extracts prepared at 24 h after Ad5 infection contained a new form of E2F. This infection-specific form may have been a modified version of one of the forms present in uninfected cells. The infection-specific E2F was shown to bind cooperatively to a pair of E2F sites found upstream of the Ad2 early region 2 mRNA cap site. This binding was sensitive to the spacing between the sites and their relative orientation. In contrast, E2F binding in uninfected-cell extracts was unaffected by changes in orientation and spacing, consistent with very low cooperativity or independent binding.