Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Affordances of computers in teacher‐student interactions: The case of interactive physics™

The study reported here is part of a larger project designed to understand student learning during conversations with their teacher over and about a computer-based Newtonian microworld (Interactive Physics™). At the focus of this report are affordances of the microworld to a teacher who engaged his students in conversations about representations of phenomenal objects and conceptual entities that constitute the microworld. The study shows how the teacher used the context of Interactive Physics™ to identify students' ways of seeing and talking science. He then implemented a series of strategies to make forces “visible” to students. Data are provided to illustrate that students' learning was not local but persistent, so that they used appropriate canonical science talk without teacher support. The conclusion focuses on Interactive Physics™ as a tool that does not embed meaning as such, but takes on meaning as part of the specific (scientific) practices in the context of which it was used. This view of science as a discourse helps us to see scientific literacy not as the acquisition of specific facts and procedures or even as the refinement of a mental model, but as a socially and culturally produced way to thinking and knowing, with its own ways of talking, reasoning, and acting; its own norms, beliefs, and values; its own institutions; its shared history; and even its shared mythologies (Roseberry, Warren, & Conant, 1992, p. 65).
CCA based feature selection with application to continuous depression recognition from acoustic speech features

In this study we make use of Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) based feature selection for continuous depression recognition from speech. Besides its common use in multi-modal/multi-view feature extraction, CCA can be easily employed as a feature selector. We introduce several novel ways of CCA based filter (ranking) methods, showing their relations to previous work. We test the suitability of proposed methods on the AVEC 2013 dataset under the ACM MM 2013 Challenge protocol. Using 17% of features, we obtained a relative improvement of 30% on the challenge's test-set baseline Root Mean Square Error.
Relationship Between Pain Catastrophizing Level and Sensory Processing Patterns in Typical Adults

OBJECTIVE. We examined the relationship between pain perception, as expressed by pain catastrophizing level, and sensory processing patterns among typical adults. METHOD. Two hundred ninety healthy adults participated in this study: 138 men and 152 women. Their ages ranged from 18 to 50 (mean age = 30.2 ± 6.8). All participants completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). RESULTS. PCS scores significantly correlated with Low Registration, Sensory Sensitivity, and Sensation Avoiding. Women had higher sensory sensitivity and a higher pain catastrophizing level than did men. CONCLUSION. Sensory processing patterns may be related to individual pain perception, as expressed in pain catastrophizing level. Intervention programs should take these factors into account to be more focused on the specific needs of each client, facilitate his or her optimal engagement in daily living activities, and elevate well-being.
“PHILIPS WANTS MEN AND GIRLS.” THE UNATTAINABLE ADULTHOOD OF FACTORY GIRLS IN THE TECHNICAL INDUSTRY IN THE NETHERLANDS (1891‐1960)

J. Gillis's thesis of the relation between the social constructions of youth and gender is reconsidered on the basis of a case study of girls working at the Philips factories in Eindhoven in the 1891‐1960 period. Adulthood appeared to be unattainable for these girls within the context of their work at Philips. Only an able male worker, trained for his Job and earning a family wage, was considered to be an adult. Factory girls reached adulthood only when they left their Jobs to get married and follow their true vocation: domesticity and motherhood. Even in the post‐war period, when the girls attained a certain degree of autonomy and personality came to be seen as an important aspect of the development towards adulthood, young women in the Philips factories remained “girls”, outsiders in the mature world of male labour.
Lower and upper bounds on the minimum mean-square error in composite source signal estimation

The performance of a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimator for the output signal from a composite source model (CSM), which has been degraded by statistically independent additive noise, is analyzed for a wide class of discrete-time and continuous-time models. In both cases, the MMSE is decomposed into the MMSE of the estimator, which is informed of the exact states of the signal and noise, and an additional error term. This term is tightly upper and lower bounded. The bounds for the discrete-time signals are developed using distribution tilting and Shannon's lower bound on the probability of a random variable exceeding a given threshold. The analysis for the continuous-time signal is performed using Duncan's theorem. The bounds in this case are developed by applying the data processing theorem to sampled versions of the state process and its estimate, and by using Fano's inequality. The bounds in both cases are explicitly calculated for CSMs with Gaussian subsources. For causal estimation, these bounds approach zero harmonically as the duration of the observed signals approaches infinity. >
Challenging students' perceptions of sustainability using an Earth Systems Science approach

This study investigated whether an Earth Systems-based course focused on raising postgraduate students' awareness of sustainability, from a systems-thinking perspective, would produce graduates with commitment to drive the sustainability agenda forward with a broad perspective. It investigated students' pre and post-course perceptions of sustainability using a pre- and post-course survey, and by analysing the students' reflective journal entries. The findings confirmed those of previous studies in that initially these students did have an enviro-centric view. The study showed that while the students' perceptions had indeed moved towards a broader view of sustainability, many still leaned towards an environmentally focused perspective.
LABORATORIES OF DEMOCRACY

This is the fourth Lecture of the Edward Corbin Jenkins Lectureship, given by Hedley S. Dimock, at George Williams College, Chicago, on February 28, 1941. The Lectureship was established in 1935 in honor of a pioneer in education, who served as president of George Williams College from 1926 until his retirement in 1935. The purpose of the Lectureship is to carry forward the pioneering spirit and educational philosophy of President Jenkins in recreation and informal education as a significant phase of the modern community. The preceding Lectures were given by Frederick P. Keppel, President of The Carnegie Corporation; Charles W. Gilkey, Dean of University of Chicago Chapel; and Eduard C. Lindeman, Professor of Social Philosophy of the New York School of Social Work. Dr. Dimock is Dean and Professor of Religious Education of George Williams College and a member of the Executive and Editorial Committees of the Religious Education Association. (Editor)
A decision method for the placement of tactile sensors for manipulation task recognition

The present paper describes a decision method for the placement of tactile elements for manipulation task recognition. Based on the mutual information of the manipulation tasks and tactile information, an effective placement of tactile elements on a sensing glove is determined. Although the effective placement consists of a small number of tactile elements, it has a recognition performance that is as high as that of a placement consisting of many tactile elements. The effective placement of tactile elements decided by the proposed method has been evaluated through experiments involving the recognition of grasp type from grasp taxonomy defined by Kamakura et al., (1980).
Randomized Trial Comparing Wound Packing to No Wound Packing Following Incision and Drainage of Superficial Skin Abscesses in the Pediatric Emergency Department

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of wound packing versus no wound packing on short-term failure rates and long-term recurrences after incision and drainage (I&D) of a simple cutaneous abscess. Methods In this randomized, single-blind, prospective study, subjects between the ages 1 and 25 years with skin abscesses needing an I&D were enrolled consecutively and randomized to be packed or not packed following the procedure. Treatment failure was assessed at a 48-hour follow-up visit by a masked observer who rated the need for a major intervention (repeat I&D or re-exploration) or minor intervention (antibiotics initiated or changed, need for packing, or repeat visit). Pain scores were assessed using color analog scales before and after the procedure and repeated at the 48-hour follow-up visit. Healing and abscess recurrence were assessed via telephone interview at 1 week and 1 month. Results Fifty-seven subjects were enrolled over a 15-month period. Overall failure rates were similar between the groups, with 19 (70%) of 27 subjects in the packed group needing an intervention by 48 hours compared with 13 (59%) of 22 subjects in the nonpacked group who needed an intervention (difference, 11%; 95% confidence interval, −15% to 36%). Major and minor intervention rates were also similar. Pain scores did not significantly differ between groups. Conclusions Wound packing does not appear to significantly impact the failure or recurrence rates after simple I&D. Larger studies are needed to better validate the equivalency of these 2 strategies. This trial was registered with the US National Institute of Health (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00746109).
Administrator Burnout: Findings and Future Directions.

The increasing incidence of educator stress and burnout is cause for concern. Nonetheless, the findings of this Canadian‐based study indicate that school principals are experiencing less than average levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization burnout, and an average level of Personal Accomplishment burnout. Work conditions most likely to contribute to burnout were work stress, work overload, a deteriorating sense of status and recognition, and unsatisfactory interpersonal relationships. The implications of the study are discussed in terms of both individual and organizational factors.
Citizenship in a Woman-Friendly Polity

Some feminists have argued that women are, at best, second-class citizens in most Western democracies. Not only do women lack the full complement of "rights" included in citizenship, but also the conceptualization of citizenship in these systems-the characteristics, qualities, attributes, behavior, and identity of those who are regarded as full members of the political community-is derived from a set of values, experiences, modes of discourse, rituals, and practices that both explicitly and implicitly privileges men and the "masculine" and excludes women and the "female. " As feminists, we have contended that in Western political discourse, citizenship remains defined as an activity practiced in an androcentric field of action and represented through the codes of a phallocentric discourse. '
Spatial analysis of the Chinese welfare lottery "double color ball"

The Chinese welfare lottery "double color ball" is a lottery giant in China. In 2011, sales volume is about Y300 million for each drawing, the average monthly sales amount is more than Y3 billion, the highest jackpot is over Y800 million, and there are hundreds of millions of participants with a broad social impact. This, people are concerned aboutwhether thedrawing of "double color ball" is fair or not, that is, whether there is manipulation behind the drawings. This paper based on spatial point pattern analysis methods, by using the package spatstat from R software, taking the nearest neighbor distances (G and F functions), Ripley's K-function, Besage'sL-function, and pair correlation function g(r) methods, studies the fairness of the red ball winning numbers of the "double color ball". The results show that, the red ball winning numbers of "double color ball" is fair on the whole. But for very small datasets, for example, the point pattern formed by 1 or 2 consecutive drawings of winning numbers, it is difficult to decide whether there is complete spatial randomness(CSR) or not.
Challenge: towards distributed RFID sensing with software-defined radio

Current Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology involves two types of physical devices: tags and reader. The reader combines in a single physical device transmission (to the tags) and reception (from the tags) functions. In this paper we discuss an alternative approach, where receive functions are performed by a separate device called "RFID listener". This allows distributed tag-sensing schemes where one transmitter coexists with multiple listeners. We discuss pros and cons of both approaches and present our implementation of a passive RFID listener on GNU Radio. Our implementation is a basis for experimenting with future distributed listener-based systems, but it can be also used as a cheap and flexible protocol analyzer for currently available commercial RFID readers.
Quantification of functional knee flexor to extensor moment ratio using isokinetics and electromyography.

CONTEXT Evaluating moment balance around the knee helps athletic trainers set appropriate targets for injury prevention and rehabilitation programs. OBJECTIVE To examine the knee flexor (KF) to knee extensor (KE) moment ratios using the moments when each muscle group acts as an agonist and using the moments when the KE acts as an agonist and the KF acts as an antagonist. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Seventeen pubertal males (age = 13.7 +/- 0.2 years, height = 1.61 +/- 0.04 m, mass = 51.3 +/- 2.7 kg). INTERVENTION(S) The subjects performed maximal isokinetic concentric KE (KE(CON)) and eccentric KF (KF(ECC)) efforts and performed eccentric KE (KE(ECC)) and concentric KF efforts at 60 degrees /s and 180 degrees /s while we recorded the bipolar surface electromyographic (EMG) signal of the involved muscles. The KF antagonist moment was estimated from EMG-moment relationships determined during calibration KF efforts. Maximal moments were used to estimate the KF:KE ratios, and EMG-based moments were used to estimate the antagonist to agonist ratios. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) We calculated KF:KE ratios for various angular positions, velocities, and movement directions. RESULTS The KF(ECC):KE(CON) ratio significantly increased as the knee extended (P < .05) at increased angular velocity (P < .05), reaching a value of 3.14 +/- 1.95 at full extension. The estimated knee flexor antagonist to knee extensor agonist ratio also increased near full extension (0.32 +/- 0.21). CONCLUSIONS Although the KFs have a higher capacity to produce maximal moment near knee extension and at increased angular velocities, knee joint movement is achieved through a balanced coactivation of the 2 antagonistic muscle groups to maintain joint stability and movement efficiency. The combined use of moment and EMG data can provide additional useful information regarding muscle balance around the knee.
The Illness Perception Questionnaire as a reliable assessment tool: Cognitive representations of vitiligo

Vitiligo is an episodic condition with uncertain aetiology, therefore the labeling and, in turn, beliefs about the nature of the condition are less likely to be based on substantive medical knowledge and more on cognitive representations which the patients develop. As such, a reliable measure of these representations could be very useful in understanding how vitiligo patients interpret their condition. The present study examines the internal consistency of the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ; Weinman et al. , 1996) sub-scales with respect to its usefulness as a reliable measure of these cognitive representations of illness among vitiligo patients. Nine hundred and twenty-two usable questionnaires were returned from UK Vitiligo Society members and a reliability analysis was carried out on SPSS for Windows for each of the four sub-scales and the symptom scale. The symptom scale and every sub-scale showed high internal consistency when completed by vitiligo patients. Results suggest that the IPQ is a reliable assessment tool for the cognitive representations of illness of vitiligo patients. The questionnaire could be very useful for health care professionals. The IPQ would also allow the investigation of sociodemographic variance with respect to vitiligo populations.
Document Layout Analysis and Classification and Its Application in OCR

Digitization of paper-bound documents is one of the foremost commercial interests worldwide. First step in all such applications is transforming a paper bound document into an electronic document by scanning, subsequently applying to the image OCR to generate textual information from the document image. In this paper we describe our work that acts as a pre-processing stage for OCR application. Automatic document layout extraction and segmentation is done using spatial configuration of various text/image segments represented as bounded boxes; this segmented layout is than analyzed with certain heuristic tests and each segment is assigned labels (title, authors, abstract, body, header, footer etc). This information is than passed on to OCR module as an XML interface, accelerating it¿s performance by allowing it to label recognized text segments and identifying only those parts of the document which have text resulting saving in computation. Although, the work has been motivated for application to an automated machine translation system preserving the overall document layout, it has a number of other applications such as in information retrieval, search etc. This information is also being used to classify technical documents into three categories which can be extended to any number of classes based on spatial configuration heuristics.
Inactivation of estrogen receptor α in bone‐forming cells induces bone loss in female mice

The role of the estrogen receptor α (ERα) in bone‐forming cells is incompletely understood at present. To examine the in vivo effects of ERα in these cells, we generated a mouse strain in which the ERα gene is inactivated in osteoblasts via osteocalcin promoter‐regulated cyclic recombinase (Cre) activity (ERαΔOB/ΔOB). This enabled micro‐computed tomography‐ and histomorphometry‐based analysis of ERα‐mediated effects in bone‐forming cells in mice, in which the systemic ERα‐mediated effects are intact. In female ERαΔOB/ΔOB mice, trabecular and cortical bone volumes were significantly reduced (31.5 and 11.4%, respectively) at 3.5 mo of age compared with control ERαfl/fl animals, and their response to ovariectomy was small compared with that of controls. In contrast with females, no differences could be detected in the bone phenotype of young males, whereas in 6‐mo‐old ERαΔOB/ΔOB males, trabecular bone volume (Tb.BV) was decreased (27.5%). The ERα inactivation‐related effects were compared with those of controls having a similar genetic background. Parental osteocalcin‐Cre mice did not show Cre‐related changes. Our results suggest that in female mice, Tb.BV and cortical bone volume are critically dependent on the ERα regulation of osteoblasts, whereas in male mice, osteoblastic ERα is not required for the regulation of bone formation during rapid skeletal growth, but it is involved in the maintenance of Tb.BV. —Määttä, J. A. , Büki, K. G. , Gu, G. , Alanne, M. H. , Vääräniemi, J., Liljenbäck, H. , Poutanen, M. , Härkönen, P., Väänänen, K. Inactivation of estrogen receptor α in bone‐forming cells induces bone loss in female mice. FASEB J. 27, 478–488 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Joint Cyber and Physical Attacks on Power Grids

Recent events demonstrated the vulnerability of power grids to cyber attacks and to physical attacks. Therefore, we focus on joint cyber and physical attacks and develop methods to retrieve the grid state information following such an attack. We consider a model in which an adversary attacks a zone by physically disconnecting some of its power lines and blocking the information flow from the zone to the grid's control center. We use tools from linear algebra and graph theory and leverage the properties of the power flow DC approximation to develop methods for information recovery. Using information observed outside the attacked zone, these methods recover information about the disconnected lines and the phase angles at the buses. We identify sufficient conditions on the zone structure and constraints on the attack characteristics such that these methods can recover the information. We also show that it is NP-hard to find an approximate solution to the problem of partitioning the power grid into the minimum number of attack-resilient zones. However, since power grids can often be represented by planar graphs, we develop a constant approximation partitioning algorithm for these graphs. Finally, we numerically study the relationships between the grid's resilience and its structural properties, and demonstrate the partitioning algorithm on real power grids. The results can provide insights into the design of a secure control network for the smart grid.
Online Tie Formation in Enterprise Social Media

We study the antecedents to tie formation on an enterprise social media platform implemented to support cross-boundary connections. Research has produced mixed findings regarding the role of social media in cultivating bridging vs. closed networks. We examine the tie formation patterns of 1,386 enterprise social media users over a two-year period. We first find that users tend to form ties via reciprocity and transitivity (with friends of friends). As for whom they initiate ties with in the first place, we find strong tendency to form ties within the same organizational boundaries. We also find that co-membership in online interest groups lead to new connections while no such evidence exists for preferential attachment. Overall, we find that enterprise social media offers features, some of which are likely to foster bridging while others foster closed networks via different mechanisms.
Testicular carcinoma and HLA Class II genes

The association with histocompatibility antigens (HLA), in particular Class II genes (DQB1, DRB1), has recently been suggested to be one of the genetic factors involved in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) development. The current study, which uses genotyping of microsatellite markers, was designed to replicate previous associations.
Differential Item Functioning in a Computerized Adaptive Test of Functional Status for People with Shoulder Impairments is Negligible across Pain Intensity, Gender, and Age Groups

People with shoulder impairments (N = 3,767) reported upper extremity function using a 37-item shoulder-specific computerized adaptive test (shoulder CAT). The authors determined whether items of the shoulder CAT have differential item functioning (DIF) by pain intensity (low and high), gender (men and women), and age groups (young-adult, middle-aged and old-adult). They assessed whether items have uniform and/or non-uniform DIF using an ordinal logistic regression and item response theory approaches and applied large and small DIF criteria to assess the magnitude of DIF. The analyses revealed that uniform DIF was absent in all 37 items. Only six items exhibited non-uniform DIF using the large DIF criterion. Adjusting the person-ability measures for DIF had minimal practical impact on the overall measure of shoulder function estimated using the shoulder CAT. The shoulder CAT provided a precise measurement of function without discriminating for pain intensity, gender, and age among patients referred to rehabilitation with shoulder impairment.