Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing reliable supply chain network with disruption risk

Article history: Received 26 August 2012 Received in revised format 14 September 2012 Accepted October 25 2012 Available online 27 October 2012 Although supply chains disruptions rarely occur, their negative effects are prolonged and severe. In this paper, we propose a reliable capacitated supply chain network design (RSCND) model by considering random disruptions in both distribution centers and suppliers. The proposed model determines the optimal location of distribution centers (DC) with the highest reliability, the best plan to assign customers to opened DCs and assigns opened DCs to suitable suppliers with lowest transportation cost. In this study, random disruption occurs at the location, capacity of the distribution centers (DCs) and suppliers. It is assumed that a disrupted DC and a disrupted supplier may lose a portion of their capacities, and the rest of the disrupted DC's demand can be supplied by other DCs. In addition, we consider shortage in DCs, which can occur in either normal or disruption conditions and DCs, can support each other in such circumstances. Unlike other studies in the extent of literature, we use new approach to model the reliability of DCs; we consider a range of reliability instead of using binary variables. In order to solve the proposed model for real-world instances, a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is applied. Preliminary results of testing the proposed model of this paper on several problems with different sizes provide seem to be promising. © 2013 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved
A CoMP-based Handover Algorithm in LTE-Advanced

3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) defines a wireless network standard for high packet transmission rate and low packet latency provisions. When a user equipment (UE) moves away from signal range of serving cell may cause the received signal strength weakened, even if disconnected. To solve this problem, it is necessary to execute handover procedure. When executed handover procedure, it is may fail because the early handover, the late handover or handover to wrong cell and then occur packet loss or communication interruption problems. In this paper, we propose a CoMP handover algorithm in LTE-A. User equipment provides history information for eNBs to estimate the user equipment’s location and velocity. Based on history information, our proposed mechanism can achieve to handover the appropriate target cell. Through selecting the target cell efficiently, we can reduce the rate of handover failure, Ping-Pong handover, and improve the UE’s QoS. Finally, we conducted simulation integration, combined with the user equipment velocity prediction mechanism and trigger time adjustment mechanism. Experimental results show that compared with the standard user equipment handover process can significantly reduce the rate of handover failure and Ping-Pong handover.
Coping and defence mechanisms: What are we assessing?

The present research study addresses the disparity between theoretical considerations and empirical evidence regarding the relationships between coping strategies and defence mechanisms. Self-reported measures of coping and defences were administered to a Romanian adult sample (N = 542; 74.53% female, mean age = 31.28). Using structural equation modelling, models that assumed independence between coping and defences were compared with models that assumed the existence of relationships between the two concepts. Findings identified strong relationships between coping and defences, indicating large common variance between the two concepts. Furthermore, results suggested that coping and defences can be classified into two independent types of adaptation processes. Results of this research study suggested that coping and defences are facets of common adaptation processes.
The work and home activities questionnaire: energy expenditure estimates and association with percent body fat.

BACKGROUND Understanding and increasing physical activity requires assessment of occupational, home, leisure and sedentary activities. METHODS A physical activity questionnaire was developed using data from a large representative U.S. sample; includes occupational, leisure and home-based domains; and produces estimates of energy expenditure, percent body fat, minutes in various domains, and meeting recommendations. It was tested in 396 persons, mean age 44 years. Estimates were evaluated in relation to percent body fat measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Median energy expenditure was 2365 kcal (women) and 2960 kcal (men). Women spent 35.1 minutes/day in moderate household activities, 13.0 minutes in moderate leisure and 4.0 minutes in vigorous activities. Men spent 18.0, 22.5 and 15.6 minutes/day in those activities, respectively. Men and women spent 276.4 and 257.0 minutes/day in sedentary activities. Respondents who met recommendations through vigorous activities had significantly lower percent body fat than those who did not, while meeting recommendations only through moderate activities was not associated with percent body fat. Predicted and observed percent body fat correlated at r = . 73 and r = . 82 for men and women respectively, P < . 0001. CONCLUSIONS This questionnaire may be useful for understanding health effects of different components of activity, and for interventions to increase activity levels.
The transactivating function of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ is negatively regulated by SUMO conjugation in the amino‐terminal domain

Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ2, a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, plays a key role in adipocyte differentiation. Its amino‐terminal region carries a ligand‐independent gene‐activating function, AF‐1, and is composed of activation as well as repression domains. We have found PPARγ2 and its isoform, PPARγ1, to be modified by small ubiquitin‐related modifier (SUMO)‐1 in vivo, at a lysine residue in the repression domain. In reporter assays, a sumoylation‐defective K107R mutant of PPARγ2 exhibited much stronger transactivation than the wild‐type, comparable with that of a mutant deleted for the repression domain. A close inverse correlation was observed between the levels of sumoylation and transactivation by PPARγ2, in analyses employing PPARγ2 forms with mutations in the sumoylation motif and a dominant‐negative mutant of the SUMO conjugating enzyme, Ubc9. Studies with phosphorylation‐defective mutants suggested that phosphorylation at S112 of PPARγ2 promotes K107 sumoylation, and this latter exerts the more potent repressive effects. The K107R mutant PPARγ2, when infected into NIH3T3 cells with a viral vector, promoted differentiation into adipocytes more efficiently than the wild‐type. These observations provide evidence that sumoylation is involved in negative regulation of the transactivating function of PPARγ2.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons evidence-based guideline on management of anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

This article was updated on June 30, 2015, because of a previous error. The name of one of the authors, which had previously read “Gregory D. Meyer, PhD,” has been corrected to read “Gregory D. Myer, PhD. ” An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2015 Aug 5;97(15):e57. The AAOS Evidence-Based Guideline on Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries includes both diagnosis and treatment. This clinical practice guideline has been endorsed by the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM), the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA), and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (AAPM&R). This brief summary of the AAOS Clinical Practice Guideline contains a list of the recommendations and the rating of strength based on the quality of the supporting evidence. Discussion of how each recommendation was developed and the complete evidence report are contained in the full guideline at www.aaos. org/guidelines. ### ACL HISTORY AND PHYSICAL Strong evidence supports that the practitioner should obtain a relevant history and perform a musculoskeletal exam of the lower extremities, because these are effective diagnostic tools for ACL injury. Strength of Recommendation: Strong ★★★★ ### ACL RADIOGRAPHS In the absence of reliable evidence, it is the opinion of …
Serum Pentraxin 3 Levels Are Associated With the Complexity and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris

Background Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory process in which inflammatory markers are involved. Although pentraxin 3 (PTX-3), a newly identified inflammatory marker, was associated with adverse outcomes in stable angina pectoris, no association between PTX-3 and the complexity of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been reported. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the association between the level of PTX-3 and the complexity and severity of CAD assessed with SYNTAX and Gensini scores in patients with stable angina pectoris. Methods The study population consisted of 2 groups: 161 patients with anginal symptoms and evidence of ischemia who underwent coronary angiography and 50 age- and sex- matched control subjects without evidence of ischemia were included. Patients were grouped into 3 groups according to the complexity and severity of coronary lesions assessed by the SYNTAX score (30 patients with a SYNTAX score of 0 were excluded). Serum PTX-3 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured. Results The PTX-3 levels demonstrated an increase from low to high SYNTAX groups (r = 0.72, P < 0.001). Whereas the low SYNTAX group had statistically significantly higher PTX-3 levels when compared with the control group (0.50 ± 0.01 vs 0.24 ± 0.01 ng/mL, P < 0.001), the hs-CRP levels were not different (0.81 ± 0.42 vs 0.86 ± 0.53 mg/dL, P = 0.96). However, the intermediate SYNTAX group had higher hs-CRP levels compared with the low SYNTAX group (1.3 ± 0.66 vs 0.86 ± 0.53 mg/dL, P = 0.002). Serum PTX-3 levels and hs-CRP levels were correlated with the SYNTAX scores and Gensini scores (for SYNTAX: r = 0.87 [P < 0.001] and r = 0.36 [P = 0.01]; for Gensini: r = 0.75 [P < 0.001] and r = 0.27 [P = 0.002], respectively), and according to the results of univariate and multivariate analyses, for “intermediate and high” SYNTAX scores, age, diabetes mellitus, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hs-CRP, and PTX-3 were found to be independent predictors, whereas for the presence of “high” SYNTAX score only PTX-3 was found to be an independent predictor. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further revealed that the PTX-3 level was a strong indicator of high SYNTAX score with an area under the curve of 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.86–0.96). Conclusions Pentraxin 3, a novel inflammatory marker, was more tightly associated with the complexity and severity of CAD than hs-CRP and was found to be an independent predictor for high SYNTAX score.
Visualization of elementary mechanosensitive Ca2+‐influx events, Ca2+ spots, in bovine lens epithelial cells

1 Local increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in several regions within the bovine lens epithelial cell during application of mechanical stress were clearly visualized in the presence of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive lysophospholipid, using real‐time confocal microscopy. We called the phenomenon ‘Ca2+ spots’. 2 Ca2+ spots started in a circular area with a radius of about 1.5 μm. These Ca2+ spots spread concentrically, resulting in a mean global increase in [Ca2+]i. The local increase often occurred in a stepwise manner or repetitively at the same region. The spatiotemporal properties of the Ca2+ spots were completely different from those of the Ca2+ wave induced by ATP, a Ca2+‐mobilizing agonist. 3 Ca2+ spots were inhibited by decreasing the extracellular Ca2+ concentration or by the presence of Gd3+, an inhibitor of mechanosensitive (MS) channels, but not by thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump, suggesting that Ca2+ spots arise from Ca2+ influx through Gd3+‐sensitive MS channels. 4 On the assumption that, in lens epithelial cells, the open probability of the MS channel is 0.4, the membrane potential is 56 mV and the channel conductance is 50 pS, the estimated maximum flux of Ca2+ in a Ca2+ spot (0.4 × 10−17 to 4.7 × 10−17 mol s−1) was comparable to currents of one or a few MS channels. 5 On real‐time three‐dimensional confocal imaging analysis, which permitted simultaneous imaging of basal and apical planes of cells at 37.6 ms intervals, Ca2+ spots on the apical plane were more clearly visualized than those on the basal plane. 6 From these results, we propose that the Ca2+ spot is an elementary Ca2+‐influx event through MS channels directly coupled with the first step in mechanoreception In addition, our results strongly suggest that LPA functions as an endogenous factor affecting mechanotransduction systems.
Signal Transmission by Galvanic Coupling Through the Human Body

Galvanic coupling is a promising approach for wireless intrabody data transmission between sensors. Using the human body as a transmission medium for electrical signals becomes a novel data communication technique in biomedical monitoring systems. In this paper, special attention is given to the coupling of the current into the human body. Safety requirements have to be fulfilled, and optimal signal coupling is of essence. Therefore, different electrodes are compared. A test system offers up to 1 mA contact current modulated in the frequency range of 10 kHz to 1 MHz. The injected current is up to 20 times below the maximum allowed contact current. Such a low-current approach enables data communication that is more energy saving than other wireless technologies.
Effects of nutrient impoverishment on phytoplankton biomass: a mesocosms experimental approach in a shallow eutrophic reservoir (Garças Pond), São Paulo, southeast Brazil

Nutrient impoverishment in mesocosms was carried out in a shallow eutrophic reservoir aiming to evaluate the nutrient removal technique as a method for eutrophication reduction. Garcas Pond is located in the Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga Biological Reserve situated in the southeast region of the municipality of Sao Paulo. Three different treatments were designed, each consisting of two enclosures containing 360 liters of water each. Mesocosms were made of polyethylene bags and PVC pipes, and were attached to the lake bottom. Treatment dilutions followed Carlson's trophic state index modified by Toledo and collaborators, constituting the oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic treatments. Ten abiotic and 9 biological samplings were carried out simultaneously. Trophic states previously calculated for the treatments were kept unaltered during the entire experiment period, except for the mesotrophic mesocosms in which TP reached oligotrophic concentrations on the 31st day of the experiment. In all three treatments a reduction of DO was observed during the study period. At the same time, NH4+ and free CO2 rose, indicating decomposition within the enclosures. Nutrient impoverishment caused P limitation in all three treatments during most of the experiment period. Reduction of algal density, chlorophyll a, and phaeophytin was observed in all treatments. Competition for nutrients led to changes in phytoplankton composition. Once isolated and diluted, the mesocosms' trophic state did not change. This led to the conclusion that isolation of the allochthonous sources of nutrients is the first step for the recovery of the Garcas Pond.
SmartCoil—Concept of a Full-Scale Demonstrator of a Shielded Core Type Superconducting Fault Current Limiter

Within a German government funded project with the partners Siemens and KIT, we present the concept and first results for a full-scale inductive superconducting fault current limiter. It is based on the well-known shielded core concept but does not need the deployment of an iron core. Aim of the project is the construction and test of one phase with a nominal current I = 600 A and a voltage of U = 10 kV, i.e., a protected power of P = 10 MVA for the three-phase system. The shielding is provided by a stack of superconducting rings, i.e., YBCO-tapes soldered to closed rings, with a radius of R = 0.7 m. To obtain a sufficient coupling between the reactor (primary coil, warm) and the shielding stack, the minimization of the gap between both is crucial. The paper presents numerical work with respect to the overall geometry and the physical properties (limitation behavior, ac-losses) of the device. Also a suitable superconducting material had to be qualified. Finally, a test equipment for single components (rings) was built up and successful tests of first superconducting full size components are reported.
Modelling the behaviour of an open-ended coaxial probe to assess the permittivity of heterogeneous dielectrics solids

The study presents the development of a new two-dimensional axisymmetric finite element model describing the operation of a large open-ended coaxial probe. This numerical simulation, combined with a capacitive approach describing the behaviour of the system, enabled to prove the suitability of such device to determine the permittivity of homogeneous dielectric solids over the frequency range [1MHz; 4GHz]. Finding back the permittivity of a specified material thanks to the simulation is achieved by calculating the input port reflection coefficients S11 at the TEM wave emission port. A capacitive model is then applied to calculate a permittivity value. Very good matching between set and calculated dielectric constants is a first noticeable result. Measurements performed onto different homogeneous materials like rocks also show good similarities with the numerical simulations. A comparison between measurements and simulations obtained for samples with different electromagnetic properties can therefore be used as a very simple way to calculate permittivity of dielectrics solids. This study is not restricted to homogeneous solids. Measurements performed onto heterogeneous samples like a dry sand made up by crushing a homogeneous rock are compared to FEM simulations with different dielectric constants set as an entry of the calculus. Permittivity of the heterogeneous material is thereby deduced and compared to different mixing laws estimating the effective permittivity of a media made of heterogeneities dispersed into a matrix with different electromagnetic properties. Good matching between dielectric constants resulting from specific effective medium theories and measurements performed onto a dry sand is obtained.
Trellis Code Design for Spatial Modulation

In this paper, we propose a novel MIMO transmission scheme, called trellis coded spatial modulation (TC-SM) in which the trellis (convolutional) encoder and the spatial modulation (SM) mapper are jointly designed similar to the conventional trellis coded modulation (TCM). A soft decision Viterbi decoder, which is fed with the soft information supplied by the optimal SM decoder, is used at the receiver. We derive the pairwise error probability (PEP) upper bound for the TC-SM scheme in uncorrelated quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. From the PEP upper bound, code design criteria are given and then used to obtain new 4-, 8- and 16-state TC-SM schemes using QPSK (quadrature phase-shift keying) and 8-PSK modulations for 2 bits/s/Hz and 3 bits/s/Hz spectral efficiencies, respectively. We show by computer simulations that the proposed TC-SM schemes achieve significantly better error performances than their counterparts at the same spectral efficiency with reduced decoding complexity.
A control method for MIMO systems with multiple time delays

Aiming at multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with multiple time delays in the process industry, all-pole approximation is proposed for different time delays in this paper. What is more, in order to reinforce the tracking performance and controller robustness in the case of uncertainty and disturbance, loop transfer recovery method at output side is proposed to realize the multiple-loops control for MIMO systems with different time delays. And the characteristics of closed-loop transfer function has been recovered to the expected ideal system. For the performance evaluation of disturbance rejection ability and tolerance for uncertainty, the indices in frequency domain are utilized to assess the robust stability of the system. The simulation result shows that the proposed method has advantages of good decoupling performance, strong disturbance rejection ability and strong robust stability, which can meet the control requirements of MIMO systems with multiple time delays.
The diagnostic significance of spontaneous nystagmus as observed in the electronystagmographic examination.

A study of spontaneous nystagmus in 121 normal subjects and 1601 patients suggests that an “idiopathic spontaneous nystagmus” is recorded with the subject's eyes closed in 20–25% of both the normal and patient population. This nystagmus is probably of no significance in the diagnosis of vertigo-producing disorders. It is of low intensity (usually below 6°/sec, but occasionally in the 6–10°/sec range), and is more frequently directed to the left than to the right. Spontaneous nystagmus above 10°/sec is of diagnostic significance. It is probable that such a nystagmus will be of peripheral origin and directed away from the side of the peripheral lesion.
Dynamic wavelength allocation technique with multicast-capable AWG router for energy-efficient intra-datacenter networks

Large-scale N × N arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) routers can be applied to optical intra-datacenter networks. This paper proposes an energy-efficient dynamic wavelength allocation (DWA) technique using a multicast-capable AWG router for optical intra-datacenter networks. Simulation results show power-saving performance of the proposed technique.
Une évaluation de la demande sociale de services environnementaux de la forêt

Dans un contexte general de demande croissante de protection de l'environnement et d'amelioration du cadre de vie, les services ecologiques et recreatifs offerts par la foret sont aujourd'hui l'objet d'une attention de plus en plus soutenue. Des exigences nouvelles, passant par une demande essentiellement institutionnelle souvent initiee au niveau international pesent ainsi sur les pratiques de gestion forestiere et les choix publics qui les orientent. L'estimation des preferences sociales et des benefices associes aux services d'environnement des forets, actuellement peu ou pas connus, s'avere alors necessaire pour eclairer les indispensables arbitrages par rapport a la production de bois ainsi qu'entre ces services eux-memes. Une premiere analyse de ce type a ete conduite en Lorraine. Elle montre que la foret est l'objet d'un reel interet et donne lieu a une importante frequentation par le public. La conservation ou l'amelioration des caracteristiques ecologiques des forets est fortement souhaitee, mais la disposition a payer pour ce faire reste faible et, en tout etat de cause, largement inferieure a la valeur de la production de bois.
A Simulation Model for Traffic Behavior at Merging Sections in Highways

In this paper, a novel lane change model is introduced. By combining this model with intellegent driver model proposed by Treiber and Helbing a simulation model for describing the traffic flow behavior in the merging sections in highways is proposed. By numerical simulation experiments, this model is shown to be able to reproduce typical traffic behavior patterns in the highway.