Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ictal asystole: A benign condition?

Ictal asystole (IA) has been implicated as a preventable cause of sudden unexplained death in epilepsy presumably provoked by a direct autonomic effect of the electrical stimulus on the heart. An electronic database search of patients with IA was performed comparing heart rate (HR) characteristics to a group of patients with vasovagal asystole. IA was seen in eight patients, all with temporal lobe epilepsy. No statistical difference was found in duration of asystole, bradycardia, and baseline HR characteristics except of a higher HR acceleration postasystole in the controls. None of the six patients with IA who underwent pacemaker implantation had recurrence of asystolic events during mean follow‐up of 5 years. This study in a small group of patients suggests that the epileptic activation leading to IA is possibly mediated through a transient increase in vagal tone and not by a direct autonomic effect on the heart.
Improvement of electron emission efficiency and stability by surface application of molybdenum silicide onto gated poly-Si field emitters

As an approach to improve electron field emission and its stability, molybdenum (Mo) silicide formation on n/sup +/ polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) emitters has been investigated. Mo silicide was produced by direct metallurgical reaction, namely, deposition of Mo and subsequent rapid thermal annealing. The surface morphologies and emission properties of Mo-silicided poly-Si (Mo-polycide) emitters have been examined and compared with those of poly-Si emitters. While anode current of 0.1 /spl mu/A per tip could be obtained at the gate voltage of 82 V from poly-Si emitters, the same current level was measured at 72 V from Mo-polycide emitters. In addition, the application of Mo silicide onto poly-Si emitters reduced the emission current fluctuation considerably. These results show that the polycide emitters can have potential applications in vacuum microelectronics to obtain superior electron emission efficiency and stability.
New confidence intervals for the difference between two sensitivities at a fixed level of specificity

For two continuous‐scale diagnostic tests, it is of interest to compare their sensitivities at a predetermined level of specificity. In this paper, we propose three new intervals for the difference between two sensitivities at a fixed level of specificity. These intervals are easy to compute. We also conduct simulation studies to compare the relative performance of the new intervals with the existing normal‐ approximation‐based interval proposed by Wieand et al. Our simulation results show that the newly proposed intervals perform better than the existing normal‐approximation‐based interval in terms of coverage accuracy and interval length. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AGENTES MITOGÉNICOS PARA CULTIVOS DE LINFOCITOS EN QUELONIOS

Resumen: La citogenetica es una herramienta basica para el conocimiento genetico de especies en peligro de extincion, ya que permite realizar un estudio profundo de los elementos cromosomicos. De igual forma la comparacion de las caracteristicas cariologicas de especies relacionadas sirve como argumento para analisis filogeneticos y el diseno de estrategias de conservacion (Bickham,1981;Bickham & Carr 1983, Theveonon et al., 2000).
Revised Model for Enterococcus faecalis fsr Quorum-Sensing System: the Small Open Reading Frame fsrD Encodes the Gelatinase Biosynthesis-Activating Pheromone Propeptide Corresponding to Staphylococcal AgrD

ABSTRACT Gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone (GBAP) is an autoinducing peptide involved in Enterococcus faecalis fsr quorum sensing, and its 11-amino-acid sequence has been identified in the C-terminal region of the 242-residue deduced fsrB product (J. Nakayama et al., Mol. Microbiol. 41:145-154, 2001). In this study, however, we demonstrated the existence of fsrD, encoding the GBAP propeptide, which is in frame with fsrB but is translated independently of fsrB. It was also demonstrated that FsrB′, an FsrD segment-truncated FsrB, functions as a cysteine protease-like processing enzyme to generate GBAP from FsrD. This revised model is consistent with the staphylococcal agr system.
Case Studies of xAPI Applications to E-Learning

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the applications of the Experience API (or xAPI – Experience Application Programming Interface, and also known as Tin Can API) in a few e-learning examples. The xAPI is a new specification for learning technology. It allows one to capture data in a consistent format about a person or group’s activities from many technologies. Different systems can communicate securely by capturing and sharing the activity streams using xAPI’s simple vocabulary. xAPI is regarded as the next evolution to SCORM (Sharable Content Object Reference Model). SCORM is used for packaging e-learning content for interoperability of LMSs. However, SCORM is now considered obsolete. xAPI is an open source API. This allows software programs to read and write experiential data in terms of statements like “I did this”, or “actor verb object”. Learning activities like “I attended Conference C”, or “I tweeted Tweet E to Twitter” are stored in the LRS (Learning Record Store). The first case study involves tracking in the game (Oregon Trail). Tracking is useful in order to spot trends and make judgments about what activities are actually working to help people learn things. This case study shows how the various game activities are translated to the xAPI statements. These can then be automatically recorded in the LRS. If the data can co-exist with other learning data (e.g. test results) then we can understand how the student learn to play in the game. The second case study is the LIME (Learning, Interaction, Mentoring and Evaluation) model case study. The authors, Corbi and Burgos (Corbi & Burgos, 2014), explained how the xAPI and LIME model are used in their study which helped them to monitor their students and make recommendations in their studies. In this case, the xAPI LRS is used as an e-learning monitoring engine. Since the xAPI specifications were first released in 2013, they have received widespread industry acceptance. It is also expected that there will be many more xAPI applications for e-learning.
Modern Electrical Drives: Design and Future Trends

Electrical drives efficiently convert electrical power into mechanical power. As factory automation, comfortable lifestyle and energy conservation are growing businesses, the number of drives produced worldwide keeps growing. The increased use of information technology (computers, digital control) and communication systems not only has created new markets for drives, e.g. disc drives but also enforces more electrical drives to be used in systems as actuators and mechatronic systems. In this paper, the author reviews the present state of development of drive technology and probes into future application and technology trends
Zebrafish nma is involved in TGFβ family signaling

Summary: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are members of the TGFβ superfamily of secreted factors with important regulatory functions during embryogenesis. We have isolated the zebrafish gene, nma, that encodes a protein with high sequence similarity to human NMA and Xenopus Bambi. It is also similar to TGFβ type I serine/theronine kinase receptors in the extracellular ligand‐binding domain but lacks a cytoplasmic kinase domain. During development, nma expression is similar to that of bmp2b and bmp4, and analysis in the dorsalized and ventralized zebrafish mutants swirl and chordino indicates that nma is regulated by BMP signaling. Overexpression of nma during zebrafish and Xenopus development resulted in phenotypes that appear to be based on inhibition of BMP signaling. Biochemically, NMA can associate with TGFβ type II receptors and bind to TGFβ ligand. We propose that nma is a BMP‐regulated gene whose function is to attenuate BMP signaling during development through interactions with type II receptors and ligands. genesis 28:47–57, 2000. Published 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GROWTH STRATEGIES OF PASSERINE BIRDS ARE RELATED TO BROOD PARASITISM BY THE BROWN‐HEADED COWBIRD (MOLOTHRUS ATER)

Abstract Sibling competition was proposed as an important selective agent in the evolution of growth and development. Brood parasitism by the brown‐headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) intensifies sibling competition in the nests of its hosts by increasing host chick mortality and exposing them to a genetically unrelated nestmate. Intranest sibling competition for resources supplied by parents is size dependent. Thus, it should select for high development rates and short nestling periods, which would alleviate negative impacts of brood parasitic chicks on host young. I tested these predictions on 134 North American passerines by comparative analyses. After controlling for covariates and phylogeny, I showed that high parasitism rate was associated with higher nestling growth rate, lower mass at fledging, and shorter nestling periods. These effects were most pronounced in species in which sibling competition is most intense (i.e., weighing over about 30 g). When species were categorized as nonhosts versus old hosts (parasitized for thousands of years) versus new hosts (parasitized the last 100–200 years), there was a clear effect of this parasitism category on growth strategies. Nestling growth rate was the most evolutionarily flexible trait, followed by mass at fledging and nestling period duration. Adjustments during incubation (incubation period length, egg volume) were less pronounced and generally disappeared after controlling for phylogeny. I show that sibling competition caused by brood parasites can have strong effects on the evolution of host growth strategies and that the evolution of developmental traits can take place very rapidly. Human alteration of habitats causing spread of brood parasites to new areas thus cascades into affecting the evolution of life‐history traits in host species.
A1 digitally controlled microwave oscillator

A new and potentially powerful technique for digitally controlling the frequency of a microwave oscillator is described. The technique, which differs significantly from existing methods, makes use of a multi-feed threeport ring. The circuitry is simple and provides inherent stabilization in addition to frequency control. Measurements at X-band have been made to validate the technique, which has also been established through computer simulation.
Comparison of HSCORE assessment of endometrial beta3 integrin subunit expression with digital HSCORE using computerized image analysis (ImageJ).

OBJECTIVE To compare intraobserver and interobserver variation between traditional histological score (HSCORE) and digital HSCORE (D-HSCORE) performed by expert and naive researchers. STUDY DESIGN Immunohistochemical analysis of beta3 integrin subunit of 100 endometrial biopsies obtained from the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle were reanalyzed using ImageJ software (D-HSCORE). Mean intensity of 3,3'-diaminobenzidine on endometrial glands was read by an expert (HSCORE) versus inexperienced observer using HSCORE and D-HSCORE. RESULTS The mean correlation [r(s)(95% CI)] between both methods was 0.86 (0.79-0.90) and highly significant (p < 0.0001) for the experienced individual. The naive researcher overestimated immunostaining, resulting (HSCORE) in negative samples. No discrepancies were seen with D-HSCORE. Interobserver variation for the inexperienced reader was 50% using HSCORE (cutoff 0.7) but 0% with D-HSCORE. Intraobserver variation using ImageJ was 0%. CONCLUSION The D-HSCORE performed by an inexperienced researcher has high correlation to traditional HSCORE performed by an expert.
Millimeter-wave compact EBG structure for mutual-coupling reduction in dielectric resonator antenna arrays

A millimeter-wave (MMW) electromagnetic band-gap (EBG)-based dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array with reduced mutual coupling is presented. For this purpose, a new compact MMW electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure is designed. The stopband characteristics of the proposed EBG structure are investigated. The performance of two-element cylindrical DRA array incorporating the developed EBG structure is then evaluated with and without the EBG structure. Results show a significant in the mutual coupling when the EBG structure is inserted between the array elements. With these characteristics, this antenna array can be used in MMW wireless communication systems.
Protection circuit to prevent a transition from ZVS mode to ZCS mode under variable frequency operation

a simple protection circuit for resonant power converters using soft switching topologies is proposed in this paper. The proposed protection circuit can protect the power MOSFET of bridge converter from abnormal condition. The circuit is designed to provide protection to a power supply for a gas discharge lamp by a sudden transition from zero voltage switching (ZVS) mode to zero current switching (ZCS) mode under variable frequency operation. Using this protection circuit, the operating frequency of the lamp driving inverter system is kept close to and on the right side of the resonant frequency and the inverter is always operated in the ZVS condition. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed circuits are verified thought experimental results.
Discrete-Time Parameter Identification of a Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine

A novel online discrete-time parameter identification algorithm suitable for surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines (SPMs) is presented in this paper. It is developed by means of the model reference adaptive system technique and the Popov Hyperstability Criterion in order to identify SPM discrete-time model parameters. In particular, good accuracy of discrete-time parameters is required by digital control systems, particularly by predictive control algorithms, which present a low robustness against parameter mismatches. Hence, an extensive simulation study is first carried out in the Matlab Simulink environment with the aim of testing the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed identification algorithm against inverter unidealities. Then, the proposed identification procedure is experimentally validated on a predictive controlled radial-flux SPM, driven by a field programmable gate arrays control board.
A Methodology to Measure Input Power and Effective Area for Characterization of Direct THz Detectors

This paper presents a test setup and measurement methodology for the characterization of direct terahertz (THz) detectors. The detector under test is illuminated by a continuous wave THz source and its voltage response is measured using a lock-in amplifier. A reference detector is used to measure the input power density of the receiver antenna. The calculation of the effective area is done by measuring E and H plane radiation patterns of the receiver antenna. Several measurement techniques are shown in order to achieve a reliable characterization of the detector with different advantages and disadvantages. In addition, a setup modification is done for the removal of the electronically induced background noise due to the coupling of the signals through cables. Based on the measured input power, the performance parameters of an antenna-coupled field-effect transistor (FET)-based THz detector are measured and presented. This measurement methodology can also be used to characterize other direct THz detectors.
Maintaining Consistency of Data on the Web

A common problem in designing and maintaining a Web site is that data on a Web page often replicates or derives from other data, so-called base data, that is usually contained in other Web pages or legacy systems such as relational databases. Upon changes in the base data, replicas and derivations need to be updated accordingly. However, since there are no technologies available on the market that provide such a functionality, Web pages are often inconsistent. For example, after assigning a thesis to a student and modifying the Web page that describes it in detail, the thesis is still incorrectly contained in the list of offered thesis, missing in the list of ongoing thesis, and missing in the advisor's teaching record. This work presents a solution by proposing a combined approach that provides for maintaining consistency of data in Web pages that (i) replicate data in relational databases, or (ii) replicate or derive from data in Web pages. Upon modifying base data, the modification is immediately push ed to affected Web pages. There, maintenance is performed incrementally by only modifying the affected part of the page instead of re-generating the whole page from scratch.
Three‐element phased‐array coil for imaging of rat spinal cord at 7T

To overcome some of the limitations of an implantable coil, including its invasive nature and limited spatial coverage, a three‐element phased‐array coil is described for high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of rat spinal cord. This coil allows imaging both thoracic and cervical segments of rat spinal cord. In the current design, coupling between the nearest neighbors was minimized by overlapping the coil elements. A simple capacitive network was used for decoupling the next neighbor elements. The dimensions of individual coils in the array were determined based on the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) measurements performed on a phantom with three different surface coils. SNR measurements on a phantom demonstrated higher SNR for the phased array coil relative to two different volume coils. In vivo images acquired on rat spinal cord with our coil demonstrated excellent gray and white matter contrast. To evaluate the performance of the phased array coil under parallel imaging, g‐factor maps were obtained for acceleration factors of 2 and 3. These simulations indicate that parallel imaging with an acceleration factor of 2 would be possible without significant image reconstruction–related noise amplifications. Magn Reson Med 60:1498–1505, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Complexity of cardiovascular rhythms during head-up tilt test by entropy of patterns

Objective: The head-up tilt (HUT) test, which provokes transient dynamical alterations in the regulation of cardiovascular system, provides insights into complex organization of this system. Based on signals with heart period intervals (RR-intervals) and/or systolic blood pressure (SBP), differences in the cardiovascular regulation between vasovagal patients (VVS) and the healthy people group (CG) are investigated. Approach: Short-term relations among signal data represented symbolically by three-beat patterns allow to qualify and quantify the complexity of the cardiovascular regulation by Shannon entropy. Four types of patterns: permutation, ordinal, deterministic and dynamical, are used, and different resolutions of signal values in the the symbolization are applied in order to verify how entropy of patterns depends on a way in which values of signals are preprocessed. Main results: At rest, in the physiologically important signal resolution ranges, independently of the type of patterns used in estimates, the complexity of SBP signals in VVS is different from the complexity found in CG. Entropy of VVS is higher than CG what could be interpreted as substantial presence of noisy ingredients in SBP of VVS. After tilting this relation switches. Entropy of CG occurs significantly higher than VVS for SBP signals. In the case of RR-intervals and large resolutions, the complexity after the tilt becomes reduced when compared to the complexity of RR-intervals at rest for both groups. However, in the case of VVS patients this reduction is significantly stronger than in CG. Significance: Our observations about opposite switches in entropy between CG and VVS might support a hypothesis that baroreflex in VVS affects stronger the heart rate because of the inefficient regulation (possibly impaired local vascular tone alternations) of the blood pressure.
Energy-efficient exclusive last-level hybrid caches consisting of SRAM and STT-RAM

This paper presents an energy-efficient exclusive last-level cache design based on STT-RAM, which is an emerging memory technology that has higher density and lower static power compared to SRAM. Exclusive caches are known to provide higher effective cache capacity than inclusive caches by removing duplicated copies of cache blocks across hierarchies. However, in exclusive cache hierarchies, every block evicted from the lower-level cache is written back to the last-level cache regardless of its dirtiness thereby incurring extra write overhead. This makes it challenging to use STT-RAM for exclusive last-level caches due to its high write energy and long write latency. To mitigate this problem, we design an SRAM/STT-RAM hybrid cache architecture based on reuse distance prediction. In our architecture, for the cache blocks evicted from the lower-level cache, blocks that are likely to be accessed again soon are inserted into the SRAM region and blocks that are unlikely to be reused are forced to bypass the last-level cache. Evaluation results show that the proposed architecture significantly reduces energy consumption of the last-level cache while slightly improving the system performance.
Single-Post Inductive Obstacle in Rectangular Waveguide

A rapidly converging moment solution for electromagnetic scattering by a single inductive post in a rectangular waveguide is obtained. The numerical results show good agreement with Marcuvitz's data as far as this data goes. Furthermore, Marcuvitz's curves are extended to cover data for large posts. This new data should aflow one to design a simply constructed new type of narrow bandpass filter, namely, a filter consisting of large single posts. The successful use of this straightforward moment solution in solving the single-post problem suggests that this technique should prove useful in solving a variety of microwave discontinuities such as those involving thin or thick irises and posts of arbitrary shape.
A resonant switched-capacitor converter for voltage balancing of series-connected capacitors

This paper describes a resonant switched-capacitor converter (RSCC) for voltage balancing of several capacitor or battery modules connected in series. This voltage balancing circuit transfers electric charge between the capacitor modules with a soft switching operation, resulting in a reduction of power loss and EMI. Moreover, a phase-shift control method enables to improve its voltage-regulation performance. Its current loops are analyzed in a circuit configuration which has more than three capacitor modules. Based on the analysis, a new controller is designed to improve the transient response. Experimental results confirm the validity and effectiveness of the proposed control method.