Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classification Algorithms for Hip Fracture Prediction Based on Recursive Partitioning Methods

This article presents 2modifications to the classification and regression tree. The authors improved the robustness of a split in the test sample approach and developed a cost-saving classification algorithm by selecting noninferior to the optimum splits from variables with lower cost or being used in parent splits. The new algorithmwas illustrated by 43 predictive variables for 5-year hip fracture previously documented in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. The authors generated the robust optimum classification rule without consideration of classification variable costs and then generated an alternative cost-saving rulewith equivalent diagnostic utility. A6-fold cross-validation study proved that the cost-saving alternative classification is statistically noninferior to the optimal one. Their modified classification and regression tree algorithm can be useful in clinical applications. A dual X-ray absorptiometry hip scan and information from clinical examinations can identify subjects with elevated 5-year hip fracture risk without loss of efficiency to more costly and complicated algorithms.
A chimpanzee rhadinovirus sequence related to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8: increased detection after HIV-1 infection in the absence of disease

ObjectiveTo look for a virus related to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) in chimpanzees and to investigate phylogenetic and biological similarities to KSHV. MethodsPeripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA samples from chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) were screened with newly designed consensus oligonucleotide primers for the DNA polymerase gene of KSHV-related γ2-herpesviruses (rhadinoviruses). Samples from HIV-1-infected and -uninfected chimpanzees were screened with virus-specific primers. Antibodies to KSHV structural and latent antigens were measured by immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. ResultsWe identified 972 base pairs (bp) of a new viral DNA polymerase sequence with 81.6% (nucleotides) and 93.2% (protein) identity to that of KSHV/HHV8. It was detected in 15/37 (41%) animals experimentally infected with HIV-1, but only in one out of 30 uninfected animals (P < 0.001). Antibodies were found by immunofluorescence to structural, but not latent, KSHV antigens in nearly all HIV-1-infected and uninfected animals. ConclusionLike man and two other Old World primate species, chimpanzees harbour a virus closely related to KSHV/HHV8, termed Pan troglodytes rhadinovirus-1 (PtRV-1). Like KSHV, PtRV-1 is more easily detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the PBMC of HIV-1-infected than of HIV-1-uninfected individuals, suggesting increased viral load. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship and biological similarities between KSHV and PtRV-1, Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) has not been reported in HIV-1-infected chimpanzees. PtRV-1 may lack some of the pathogenic determinants of KSHV, or humans and chimpanzees may differ in how they control the infection with their respective rhadinoviruses.
Patients with thymomas have an increased risk of developing additional malignancies: lack of immunological surveillance?

Granato F, Ambrosio M R, Spina D, Lazzi S, Rocca B J, Voltolini L, Bongiolatti S, Luzzi L, Gotti G, Leoncini L & Tosi P (2012) Histopathology 60, 270–277 Patients with thymomas have an increased risk of developing additional malignancies: lack of immunological surveillance?
Fire exit is a potential four transmembrane protein expressed in developing Drosophila glia

Summary: Glia from many diverse organisms play a number of important roles during the development of the nervous system. Therefore, knowing the molecules that control glial cell function will further our understanding of the mechanisms that control nervous system development. We have isolated a novel gene in Drosophila melanogaster that is expressed in a subset of the peripheral glia. We call this gene “Fire exit” (Fie), as the glia that express this gene do so during a time when they mark the entry and exit point of axons at the CNS/PNS boundary. This subset of peripheral glia act as intermediate targets during pathfinding and migration of the sensory axons in particular. Fire exit has been cloned and found to encode a novel transmembrane protein. Fire exit belongs to a group of proteins identified in the Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae databases which contain four predicted transmembrane domains and a shared intracellular motif. Mutations that remove the fire exit protein have no obvious disruption to glial function. On the other hand, glia expressing the Fire exit gene bridge the transition zone between CNS and PNS and play a role in sensory axon guidance. Therefore, it appears that, while the glia that express this protein mediate axon guidance, Fire exit itself plays a nonessential part in this function. A role for Fire exit in glial development may be suggested by its evolutionary relationship to a family of lysosome‐associated proteins called LAPTMs and suggests that Fire exit may function in intracellular transport during glial development. genesis 35:143–152, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Procedure to overcome the Byzantine General's problem for bridging faults in CMOS circuits

The resistance of a bridge fault is critical in determining whether the fault can be detected. In order to simulate the effects of a bridging fault it's necessary to determine the intermediate voltage of the shorted nodes and compared it to the logic threshold voltage of the driven gates. We present an algorithm, which can be used to overcome the Byzantine General's problem during the fault simulation and test pattern generation. The algorithm applies to very low bridging fault resistance, and modifies it to apply for different values of BF resistance. This algorithm applies to external and internal inter-gate bridging faults. Moreover, the algorithm is much faster than previous ones since no SPICE simulation is required. The accuracy is /spl plusmn/0.01 V compared with SPICE simulation in the interval of intermediate voltage.
Enabling Privacy Preserving Mobile Advertising via Private Information Retrieval

We propose a privacy preserving mobile advertising system for in-app ad placement, that enables user profiling and targeted ads without revealing user interests to the mobile advertising companies. Our proposal relies on device-based user profiles, derived from app activity, on the use of Private Information Retrieval (PIR) to query ads database(s) for matching (to profile) ads, without the database(s) learning the content or the result of queries. We implement a Proof of Concept (POC) solution comprising critical system components for Android devices, including the profile builder and the PIR mechanism based on Percy++ library (ported to Android). We evaluate the practicality of selected PIR techniques in a mobile ads system using measured real world parameters. Overall, we show that a mobile PIR client can be effectively used for private advertising: for a single client connecting to a desktop PIR server, the Information theoretic (IT) and Hybrid PIR mechanisms allow close to real time ad retrieval. E.g., when querying a 1GB ad database for a block of 4 ads (total of 64KB), the ads are retrieved with a delay of around 2.5sec and utilising (for IT PIR) 1.25MB of data. The selected Computational PIR mechanism, however, introduces unacceptable overheads (the delay is of the order of 1300sec and 9.4GB of data is exchanged between the Android client and server for the same ad block). Further multi-client scalability tests indicate that, for all schemes, the server side is a performance bottleneck and, in addition to using commercial grade equipment, implementation enhancements including parallel processing would be necessary to have close to real time system responsiveness.
RX J0942.7−7726AB: an isolated pre-main-sequence wide binary

We report the discovery of two young M-dwarfs, RX J0942.7−7726 (M1) and 2MASS J09424157−7727130 (M4.5), that were found only 42 arcsec apart in a survey for pre-main-sequence stars surrounding the open cluster η Chamaeleontis. Both stars have congruent proper motions and near-infrared photometry. Medium-resolution spectroscopy reveals that they are coeval (age 8–12 Myr), codistant (100–150 pc) and thus almost certainly form a true wide binary with a projected separation of 4000–6000 au. The system appears too old and dynamically fragile to have originated in η Cha and a trace-back analysis argues for its birth in or near the Scorpius–Centaurus OB association (Sco–Cen). RX J0942.7−7726AB joins a growing group of wide binaries kinematically linked to Sco–Cen, suggesting that such fragile systems can survive the turbulent environment of their natal molecular clouds while still being dispersed with large velocities. Conversely, the small radial velocity difference between the stars (2.7 ± 1.0 km s−1) could mean the system is unbound, a result of the coincidental ejection of two single stars with similar velocity vectors from the OB association early in its evolution.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN KEGIATAN BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP KECAKAPAN HIDUP SISWA :Studi Tentang Pembelajaran Berorientasi Kecakapan Hidup di SMK Negeri 1 Losarang Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura-Budidaya Cabe Hibrida

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan motivasi belajar siswa, kegiatan belajar siswa, dan kecakapan hidup siswa Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (budidaya cabe hibrida) dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap kegiatan belajar siswa, pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa terhadap kecakapan hidup siswa, dan pengaruh kegiatan belajar siswa terhadap kecakapan hidup siswa Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura (budidaya cabe hibrida). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan instrument pengumpul data berupa angket. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI tahun pelajaran 2010/2011 pada Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura SMK Negeri 1 Losarang yang berjumlah 61 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 53 orang. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kompetensi Keahlian Agribisnis Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura SMK Negeri 1 Losarang, secara umum memiliki tingkat motivasi belajar, tingkat kegiatan belajar, tingkat kecakapan hidup (budidaya cabe hibrida) yang dikategorikan “tinggi” namun belum maksimal pencapaiannya. Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan: antara motivasi belajar terhadap kegiatan belajar siswa dengan kategori hubungan kuat, antara motivasi belajar terhadap kecakapan hidup siswa dengan kategori hubungan sedang dan antara kegiatan belajar siswa terhadap kecakapan hidup siswa dengan kategori hubungan kuat. Implikasinya adalah sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kecakapan hidup siswa maka diperlukan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa dan kegiatan belajar siswa.
Uncoupling between dinitrogen fixation and primary productivity in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

In the nitrogen (N)‐impoverished photic zones of many oceanic regions, prokaryotic organisms fixing atmospheric dinitrogen (N2; diazotrophs) supply an essential source of new nitrogen and fuel primary production. We measured dinitrogen fixation and primary productivity (PP) during the thermally stratified summer period in different water regimes of the oligotrophic eastern Mediterranean Sea, including the Cyprus Eddy and the Rhodes Gyre. Low N2 fixation rates were measured (0.8–3.2 µmol N m−2 d−1) excluding 10‐fold higher rates in the Rhodes Gyre and Cyprus Eddy (~20 µmol N m−2 d−1). The corresponding PP increased from east to west (200–2500 µmol C m−2 d−1), with relatively higher productivity recorded in the Rhodes Gyre and Cyprus Eddy (2150 and 2300 µmol C m−2 d−1, respectively). These measurements demonstrate that N2 fixation in the photic zone of the eastern Mediterranean Sea contributes only negligibly by direct inputs to PP (i.e., cyanobacterial diazotrophs) and is in fact uncoupled from PP. By contrast, N2 fixation is significantly coupled to bacterial productivity and to net heterotrophic areas, suggesting that heterotrophic N2 fixation may in fact be significant in this ultraoligotrophic system. This is further substantiated by the high N2 fixation rates we measured from aphotic depths and by the results of phylogenetic analysis in other studies showing an abundance of heterotrophic diazotrophs.
Cortical Networks for Visual Reaching: Intrinsic Frontal Lobe Connectivity

The anatomical substrates of reaching to visual targets were studied in monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) by combining behavioural neurophysiology and neuroanatomy. An instructed‐delay reaching task was used to characterize the arm‐related regions of the dorsolateral frontal cortex. This task revealed gradients of signal‐, set‐, movement‐ and position‐related activity along the rostrocaudal extent of the frontal lobe. The frontal mesial projections to these physiologically defined gradients were studied through anatomical methods based on the retrograde transport of distinguishable tracers. The tangential distribution of the cells of origin of these projections displayed a gradient‐like arrangement similar to that defined physiologically in their terminal territory. These mesial projections to the dorsolateral frontal cortex may therefore be considered part of a cortical network wherein connections make only a limited contribution to the integration of different sources of information for the control of reaching movements. Further combination of such information must occur within each given cortical region by intrinsic local connections
Pharmacokinetic model for cefazolin distribution during total hip arthroplasty in dogs.

OBJECTIVES To compare cefazolin pharmacokinetics in serum and concentrations in tissues during total hip arthroplasty in dogs with and without hip dysplasia, and to calculate the optimal dosage of cefazolin for prophylactic use during total hip arthroplasty. ANIMALS 10 dogs with hip dysplasia and 3 clinically normal dogs. PROCEDURE Blood samples and tissue specimens from the coxofemoral joint capsule, acetabulum, and femur were obtained during unilateral total hip arthroplasty. Cefazolin concentrations in serum and tissue specimen supernatant were determined, using high-performance liquid chromatography, for use in pharmacokinetic analysis. Mathematical simulation of serum cefazolin concentration was used to to predict the optimal dose. RESULTS Mean pharmacokinetic constants (SEM) were 0.146 (0.013) min-1 for alpha, 4.47 min for t1/2 alpha 0.015 (0.004) min-1 for beta, 46.83 min for t1/2 beta. Significant different was not detected for cefazolin distribution and elimination between dogs with and without hip dysplasia. Additional, significant difference was not observed in pharmacokinetic parameters describing distribution and elimination between the first and second doses of cefazolin. The predicted optimal dosage regimen was 8 mg/kg of body weight, i.v. every hour or mg/kg, i.v. every 2 hours. CLINICAL RELEVANCE For prophylactic i.v. treatment during total hip arthroplasty, use of cefazolin at a dosage of 8 mg/kg every hour or 22 mg/kg every 2 hours should maintain serum cefazolin concentrations at least 10x the minimum inhibitory concentration for 3 to 4 hours.
Appropriate Intervention Strategies for Weight Loss and Prevention of Weight Regain for Adults

ACSM Position Stand on the Appropriate Intervention Strategies for Weight Loss and Prevention of Weight Regain for Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. , Vol. 33, No. 12, 2001, pp. 2145–2156. In excess of 55% of adults in the United States are classified as either overweight (body mass index 25–29.9 kg·m ) or obese (body mass index 30 kg·m ). To address this significant public health problem, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends that the combination of reductions in energy intake and increases in energy expenditure, through structured exercise and other forms of physical activity, be a component of weight loss intervention programs. An energy deficit of 500–1000 kcal·d 1 achieved through reductions in total energy intake is recommended. Moreover, it appears that reducing dietary fat intake to 30% of total energy intake may facilitate weight loss by reducing total energy intake. Although there may be advantages to modifying protein and carbohydrate intake, the optimal doses of these macronutritents for weight loss have not been determined. Significant health benefits can be recognized with participation in a minimum of 150 min (2.5 h) of moderate intensity exercise per week, and overweight and obese adults should progressively increase to this initial exercise goal. However, there may be advantages to progressively increasing exercise to 200–300 min (3.3–5 h) of exercise per week, as recent scientific evidence indicates that this level of exercise facilitates the long-term maintenance of weight loss. The addition of resistance exercise to a weight loss intervention will increase strength and function but may not attenuate the loss of fat-free mass typically observed with reductions in total energy intake and loss of body weight. When medically indicated, pharmacotherapy may be used for weight loss, but pharmacotherapy appears to be most effective when used in combination with modifications of both eating and exercise behaviors. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends that the strategies outlined in this position paper be incorporated into interventions targeting weight loss and the prevention of weight regain for adults.
Association of CD4 Enhancer Gene Polymorphisms with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Taiwan

Objective It has been found that changes in CD4 expression and CD4+ T cell activity may influence tolerance or tissue destruction in autoimmune diseases and contribute to their risk. We examined whether an association of CD4 enhancer gene polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exists. Methods For study of the CD4 –11743A/C polymorphism, 192 patients with RA, 141 patients with SLE, and 96 normal controls participated. For the CD4 –10845A/G polymorphism, 191 patients with RA, 127 patients with SLE, and 92 controls participated. The polymorphism of the CD4 enhancer was examined with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Genotypic and allelic frequencies of the 3 groups of participants were compared. Genotype groups were also compared according to different clinical variables among the patients with RA and SLE. Results For the CD4 –11743A/C polymorphism, patients with RA demonstrated significantly higher frequency of the C allele (p = 0.048); patients with SLE had significantly higher frequency of the CC genotype (p = 0.026), and lower frequency of the AC genotype (p = 0.013) compared with controls. For the CD4 –10845A/G polymorphism, patients with RA had significantly higher frequencies of the AA genotype (p = 0.047) and the A allele (p = 0.026); patients with SLE had significantly higher frequency of the AA genotype (p = 0.011) and A allele (p = 0.001), and lower frequency of the GG genotype (p = 0.003) compared with controls. A comparison of genotype groups according to different clinical variables revealed the association of the respective polymorphisms with mucosal ulcer lesions among patients with SLE. Conclusion Our results suggest that the genetic polymorphisms at the CD4 enhancer gene are associated with the risk of development of RA and SLE. They are also associated with mucosal ulcer lesions in patients with SLE.
Cordial Labeling in Context of Path Union of Vertex Switching of Special Graphs

A function from vertex set of a graph to set {0, 1}, which assigns the label |f (u) − f (v)| for each edge uv is called a cordial labeling of the graph if the number of vertices labeled 0 and number of vertices labeled 1 differ by at most 1, and similar condition is satisfied by edges of the graph. In this paper we discuss cordial labeling of cycle graph, wheel graph and petersen graph in context of two graph operations namely path union and vertex switching.
Calibrating a 4-wheel mobile robot

When a mobile robot is constructed the odometry must be calibrated. Calibrating a 4-wheel robot requires the accurate measurement of steering angle as well as translation and rotation. Some measurements are made with a tape measure and some with ultrasonic sensors. The measurements are used to determine the parameters of the odometry calibration matrix and the steering kinematic model. A procedure for calibrating a 4-wheel robot is discussed.
FTTH and Two-Band RoF Transport Systems Based on an Optical Carrier and Colorless Wavelength Separators

A hybrid fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and radio-over-fiber (RoF) transport system is proposed to transmit one wired signal and two wireless signals simultaneously through an optical lightwave. By properly utilizing the polarization characteristic of a phase-remodulated and polarization-remodulated optical lightwave, the first- and second-order sidebands of the lightwave can be colorlessly separated for optical double- and quadruple-frequency RoF transmissions. Experimental results prove that the independent FTTH and two-band RoF signals can be simultaneously generated and separated by relatively low-frequency radio-frequency devices, optical modulators, and polarization beam splitters. The transmission performances are proven by proper bit error rate (BER) performance and clear eye and constellation diagrams. The interference among the transmitted wired signal and double- and quadruple-frequency RoF signals is acceptable. In this case, the wavelength of the optical carrier can be flexibly assigned, and the frequency of the transmitted wireless signals can be easily adjusted without affecting the functionality of the developed optical fiber transport system. The presented architecture can be flexibly employed to support various types of FTTH and microwave and millimeter-wave over fiber transmissions.
Central Nervous System–Targeted Complement Inhibition Mediates Neuroprotection after Closed Head Injury in Transgenic Mice

The role of intracerebral complement activation after traumatic brain injury remains unclear. In this study, the authors demonstrate that transgenic mice with astrocyte-targeted expression of the soluble complement inhibitor sCrry have a significantly reduced neurologic impairment and improved blood–brain barrier function after closed head injury compared with wild-type C57BL/6 littermates. This work further implicates the complement system as a participant in secondary progression of brain damage after head trauma and provides a strong rationale for future studies of posttraumatic pharmacologic complement inhibition.