Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involvement Vs Detachment: Gender Differences in the Use of Personal Pronouns in Televised Sports in Taiwan

Based on 24 hours of videotaped data, this study investigates, both qualitatively and quantitatively, gender differences in the use of person pronouns in televised sports in Taiwan. This analysis has found that, regardless of their speaker role, male sports reporters use the second-person singular pronoun nimuch more frequently than their female counterparts. In addition, there is a significant difference in the distribution ofpragmatic functions of nibetween men’s and women’s reporting. While male sports reporters use niin a more varied way, i.e. to refer to the TV audience, a specific athlete or team, an indefinite or non-specific athlete, or to include this pronoun in direct speech to dramatize their reporting, female reporters use this pronoun predominately to referto a non-specific athlete. In other words, male sports reporters tend to employ impersonal niand dramatic nito signal their strong self-involvement, their interpersonal involvement with the athlete and the TV audience, and their involvement with the reported sports event. Finally, malesports reporters’ more frequent use of the second-person pronoun niin the data also marks their informal and conversational speech style.This result contradicts those previous studies which claim that formality and detachment characterize men’s information-oriented public discourse.
Beyond ten blue links: enabling user click modeling in federated web search

Click models have been positioned as an effective approach to interpret user click behavior in search engines. Existing click models mostly focus on traditional Web search that considers only ten homogeneous Web HTML documents that appear on the first search-result page. However, in modern commercial search engines, more and more Web search results are federated from multiple sources and contain non-HTML results returned by other heterogeneous vertical engines, such as video or image search engines. In this paper, we study user click behavior in federated search. We observed that user click behavior in federated search is highly different from that in traditional Web search, making it difficult to interpret using existing click models. In response, we propose a novel federated click model (FCM) to interpret user click behavior in federated search. In particular, we take into considerations two new biases in FCM. The first comes from the observation that users tend to be attracted by vertical results and their visual attention on them may increase the examination probability of other nearby web results. The other illustrates that user click behavior on vertical results may lead to more clues of search relevance due to their presentation style in federated search. With these biases and an effective model to correct them, FCM is more accurate in characterizing user click behavior in federated search. Our extensive experimental results show that FCM can outperform other click models in interpreting user click behavior in federated search and achieve significant improvements in terms of both perplexity and log-likelihood.
Detection and Discrimination of Motion-Defined Form: Implications for the Use of Night Vision Devices

Superimposed luminance noise is typical of imagery from devices used for low-light vision such as image intensifiers (i.e., night vision devices). In four experiments, we measured the ability to detect and discriminate motion-defined forms as a function of stimulus signal-to-noise ratio at a variety of stimulus speeds. For each trial, observers were shown a pair of image sequences - one containing dots in a central motion-defined target region that moves coherently against the surrounding dots, which moved in the opposite or in random directions, while the other sequence had the same random/uniform motion in both the center and surrounding parts. They indicated which interval contained the target stimulus in a two-interval forced-choice procedure. In the first experiment, simulated night vision images were presented with Poisson-distributed spatiotemporal image noise added to both the target and surrounding regions of the display. As the power of spatiotemporal noise was increased, it became harder for observers to detect the target, particularly at the lowest and highest dot speeds. The second experiment confirmed that these effects also occurred with low illumination in real night vision device imagery, a situation that produces similar image noise. The third experiment demonstrated that these effects generalized to Gaussian noise distributions and noise created by spatiotemporal decorrelation. In the fourth experiment, we found similar speed-dependent effects of luminance noise for the discrimination (as opposed to detection) of the shape of a motion-defined form. The results are discussed in terms of physiological motion processing and for the usability of enhanced vision displays under noisy conditions.
HSF1 deficiency and impaired HSP90‐dependent protein folding are hallmarks of aneuploid human cells

Aneuploidy is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with malignancy and poor prognosis. Recent studies have revealed that aneuploidy inhibits proliferation, causes distinct alterations in the transcriptome and proteome and disturbs cellular proteostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the changes in gene expression and the impairment of proteostasis are not understood. Here, we report that human aneuploid cells are impaired in HSP90‐mediated protein folding. We show that aneuploidy impairs induction of the heat shock response suggesting that the activity of the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is compromised. Indeed, increased levels of HSF1 counteract the effects of aneuploidy on HSP90 expression and protein folding, identifying HSF1 overexpression as the first aneuploidy‐tolerating mutation in human cells. Thus, impaired HSF1 activity emerges as a critical factor underlying the phenotypes linked to aneuploidy. Finally, we demonstrate that deficient protein folding capacity directly shapes gene expression in aneuploid cells. Our study provides mechanistic insight into the causes of the disturbed proteostasis in aneuploids and deepens our understanding of the role of HSF1 in cytoprotection and carcinogenesis.
Ensiling quality of maize as influenced by the addition of wet distillers grains with soluble

Wet distillers grains with soluble (WDGS) were blended with whole maize plants on an as-fed basis at 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% and ensiled in 3 L bottles to evaluate the silage fermentation characteristics and ensiling quality in a complete randomized design. Each treatment was ensiled in 15 mini-silos and three bottles were opened on days 7, 21, 42 and 120. Each treatment was sampled for chemical composition and silage fermentation parameters. There was a steady decrease in dry matter (DM) concentration of silage with increasing WDGS inclusion level over time. Initial pH (at day 0) decreased with increasing level of WDGS inclusion, with 40% WDGS inclusion recording the lowest pH (3.6) at day 120. Lactic acid concentration was slightly lower for WDGS-blended silages compared with the control. In contrast, the acetic acid concentration for WDGS-blended silage increased across all treatments, suggesting a possible diminished effect of clostridium bacteria in the silage owing to a reduced pH. The acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and IVDOM (in vitro digestible organic matter) did not differ at the time of ensiling among treatments. During post ensiling, ADF increased slightly over time for WDGS-blended treatments (at 120 days). The results from this study indicated that WDGS could be ensiled effectively with maize plants without compromising silage quality.
Predicting the Time Course of Individual Objects with MEG

To respond appropriately to objects, we must process visual inputs rapidly and assign them meaning. This involves highly dynamic, interactive neural processes through which information accumulates and cognitive operations are resolved across multiple time scales. However, there is currently no model of object recognition which provides an integrated account of how visual and semantic information emerge over time; therefore, it remains unknown how and when semantic representations are evoked from visual inputs. Here, we test whether a model of individual objects—based on combining the HMax computational model of vision with semantic-feature information—can account for and predict time-varying neural activity recorded with magnetoencephalography. We show that combining HMax and semantic properties provides a better account of neural object representations compared with the HMax alone, both through model fit and classification performance. Our results show that modeling and classifying individual objects is significantly improved by adding semantic-feature information beyond ∼200 ms. These results provide important insights into the functional properties of visual processing across time.
Cryoanalgesia: Effect on Postherniorrhaphy Pain

Cryoanalgesia versus sham treatment was applied to the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves after mesh repair of an inguinal hernia under local anesthesia in 48 male patients in a prospective, randomized, and observer-and patient-blinded trial. Pain was scored daily during rest, while coughing, and during mobilization to the sitting position for 1 wk and weekly for 8 wk on a four-point verbal rank scale. Use of supplementary analgesics and sensory disturbances were recorded. Assessments were made for allodynia, hyperalgesia, and mechanical pain detection thresholds 8 wk postoperatively. Cumulative pain scores for the first postoperative week were equal in the two groups, as was the use of analgesics. Eight weeks postoperatively, three cases of hyperalgesia to pinprick were detected in the cryoanalgesia group, and 10 patients in the cryoanalgesia group versus 5 in the sham-treatment group reported disturbed sensibility. We conclude that cryoanalgesia of the iliohypogastrical and ilioinguinal nerve does not decrease postherniorrhaphy pain. Implications: Does freezing of sensory nerves in the groin reduce pain after hernia repair? Extreme cold (-60[degree sign]C) was applied in a double-blind, randomized study. No difference in pain scores was found. Sensory disturbances were seen in treatment and control patients. Freezing cannot be recommended for pain relief after hernia repair. (Anesth Analg 1998;87:896-9)
Randomized Trial Dual Reuptake Inhibitor Milnacipran and Spinal Pain Pathways in Fibromyalgia Patients : A Randomized , Double-Blind , Placebo-Controlled Trial

of allodynia in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients involving both the spinal and supraspinal pain regulatory systems. Functional imaging studies have demonstrated enhanced neural activities in painrelated brain areas as well as impairment of pain inhibition in the descending nociceptive regulatory system. A higher state of excitability of spinal nociceptive neurons as evidenced by lowered nociceptive flexion reflex R-III (NFR) threshold was reported for FMS patients. The NFR procedure has been shown to be a valuable tool to evaluate pharmacologically active therapeutic agents at the spinal level.
Shared Medical Appointments: A Potential Venue for Education in Interprofessional Care

Background Interprofessional practice has increasingly been recognized as important for chronic illness care. Recently, several health care professional-accrediting bodies have called for integration of interprofessional care and education. The shared medical appointment (SMA) is an interprofessional practice model that provides an educational opportunity. Objective A description of this innovative educational model, the challenges associated with the implementation, and the evaluation are presented. Method Mixed quantitative and qualitative analysis were utilized. Results Preliminary evaluation suggests that SMAs promote improved trainee/student understanding of both the complexity of diabetes care and the seriousness of the illness, along with an increased confidence in the ability to communicate with providers from other disciplines. Conclusion Further research to determine the efficacy of SMAs as an interprofessional training venue is needed that focuses on comprehensive assessment, necessary dose of exposure, and identification of barriers to overcome operational issues.
.NET gadgeteer: a new platform for K-12 computer science education

In this paper we present the features of a new physical device prototyping platform called Microsoft . NET Gadgeteer along with our initial experiences using it to teach computer science in high schools. Gadgeteer makes it easy for newcomers to electronics and computing to plug together modules with varied functionality and to program the resulting system's behavior. We believe the platform is particularly suited to teaching modern programming concepts such as object-oriented, event-based programming and it could be a timely addition to established teaching tools given the current interest in improving high school computer science education in some regions. We have run a number of pilot studies in the US and in the UK with students of varying age and ability. Our results indicate that the tangible and expressive nature of Gadgeteer helps to engage and motivate a diverse set of students. We were also pleasantly surprised by the level of polish and sophistication of the devices which were built. We hope to further explore the potential of Gadgeteer for teaching in future work and we encourage others to build on our experiences.
The impact of interpersonal conflict on construction project performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between interpersonal conflict and construction project performance. The authors test the proposition that this relationship is mediated by negative emotions and moderated by political skill. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a structured questionnaire survey and gathered 266 completed data from 45 construction project teams in mainland China. To test the hypotheses, bootstrapping procedures were used. Findings – The results show that interpersonal conflict and negative emotions all have inverse relationships with project performance. Additionally, negative emotions mediated the relationship between interpersonal conflict and project performance, and this indirect relationship will be mitigated when team members have a high level of political skill. Research limitations/implications – These findings indicate that interpersonal conflict has a detrimental influence on project performance and should attract broad attention for fut.
Menstrual Cycles Continue into Advanced Old Age in the Common Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)1

Abstract A long postreproductive lifespan may distinguish women from all other female primates. A long-held consensus among reproductive scientists has been that our closest living relative, the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), experiences menstrual cycles until death. However, a recent study of biannual assessments of gonadotropins, but lacking observations of menstruation, concluded that menopause occurs in chimpanzees between 35 and 40 yr of age. A separate report, but on wild chimpanzees, documented fertility through the 40–44 age range in all populations studied. These contradictory reports pose questions about differences between wild and captive populations and about assessments of menopause. The present study revisits this controversy by analyzing longitudinal records of anogenital swelling and menstruation in 89 female chimpanzees aged 6 to 59 yr (n = 2386 records on cycle length), monitored for most of their adult lives at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. Twenty of these chimpanzees were observed past 39 yr of age; all 20 displayed menstrual cycles beyond this age, as confirmed by at least two observations of menses about 35 days apart. Three of these were older than 50 yr and still displayed menstrual cycles. Only the oldest female appeared menopausal, with cycles of anogenital swelling ceasing 2 yr prior to her death at age 59. Random-effects statistical modeling reveals a slight decrease in cycle length until 20 yr of age and a slight lengthening thereafter. Mean cycle length across the lifespan is 35.4 days. Our findings, based upon actual observations of menstrual cycles, suggest that menopause in the chimpanzee is rare, occurring near the end of the lifespan.
THE PARADOX OF BEING YOUNG AND HOMELESS: RESILIENCY IN THE FACE OF CONSTRAINTS

The major contribution of this article is to address the lack of knowledge regarding homeless youth’s experiences of risk, from their point of view. The youth at-risk field has become a burgeoning area of research that tends to magnify vulnerabilities, yet limits our understanding of complex youth experiences. It is important to highlight another dimension of the homeless youth experience that has rarely been promoted, and that is one of adaptability and creativity encompassed within a framework of survivability and resilience - notions that often necessitate taking risks. Drawing on a longitudinal ethnographic study with 18 homeless youth (aged 16 and 17 years old) in Ottawa (Canada), this article paints a more complex understanding of the struggles youth face, in terms of structural (social assistance, housing) and symbolic (stigma, social representations, and identity constructs) constraints. This analysis adds complexity to youth-at-risk discourses and displays the challenges they encounter and the resilient ways in which they seek to overcome obstacles. This paper supports a movement towards recognizing youth strengths and the heterogeneity of their experiences.
Alternate Assessment: Have We Learned Anything New?

Since the first review of alternate assessment literature by Browder, Spooner, Algozzine, et al. (2003), educational research related to alternate assessment has rapidly expanded as state and federal policies have required the inclusion of students with disabilities, including students with the most significant cognitive disabilities, in state and school accountability indexes. The purpose of this literature review was to examine the empirical studies conducted since the conception of alternate assessment to evaluate the progress made in this area, using a research framework proposed by Browder et al. We discuss future research directions, particularly as these relate to recent changes in federal policy under No Child Left Behind as well as implications for teachers and practitioners.
The role of expert discourses in policy design

Over the past decades, a large body of research in fields such as knowledge utilization, evidencebased policy making, or epistemic communities, has been addressing the conditions under which expert advice can play a role in policy design. This research has been successful in exploring the complex role of expertise in the policy process and has produced a number of hypotheses relating to institutional and cultural factors that influence the extent to which expert advice can actually influence policy design. However the findings of this research have not yet been integrated into a coherent model of the policy process. This paper develops such a model based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework. It also presents the design of a research project testing this model for the case of minimum wage policy in the OECD countries.
Improving Mathematics Skills Using Differentiated Instruction with Primary and High School Students.

iii CHAPTER 1: PROBLEM STATEMENT AND CONTEXT . 1 General Statement of the Problem . 1 Immediate Context of the Problem . 1 Local Context of the Problem . 10 National Context of the Problem . 14 CHAPTER 2: PROBLEM DOCUMENTATION . 15 Evidence of the Problem . 15 Probable Causes . 35 CHAPTER 3: THE SOLUTION STRATEGY . 44 Review of the Literature . 44 Project Objective and Processing Statements . 57 Project Action Plan . 58 Methods of Assessment . 59 CHAPTER 4: PROJECT RESULTS . 61 Historical Description of the Intervention . 61 Presentation and Analysis of Results . 76 Conclusions and Recommendations . 79 REFERENCES . 82 APPENDICES . 86 Appendix A: Teacher Survey. 87 Appendix B: High School Student Survey. 88
Cancer/testis (CT) antigens - a new link between gametogenesis and cancer.

It is a little acknowledged fact that the discipline of tumor immunology has been the source of many findings of critical importance in cancer-related as well as cancer unrelated fields. For example, it was the search for tumor antigens that led to the discovery of the CD8 T cell antigen (1) and the concept of differentiation antigens (2) (and the CD system for classifying cell surface antigens), and to the discovery of p53 (3). The immunogenetic analysis of resistance to viral leukemogenesis provided the first link between the MHC and disease susceptibility (4), and interest in the basis for non-specific immunity to cancer gave rise to the discovery of TNF (5). These are only a few examples from our own work, and I could site many other key insights into important biological issues that have come from other groups whose prime motivation was understanding the role of the immune system in cancer. The reason for this historical prelude is to give some perspective to another area of tumor immunology that I believe holds great promise for a deeper understanding of cancer, and this has to do with the category of antigens referred to as cancer/testis (CT) antigens, first recognized as targets for CD8 T cell recognition of autologous human melanoma cells (6, 7). The molecular definition of these antigens was a culmination of prior efforts to establish systems and methodologies for the unambiguous analysis of humoral (8) and cellular (9) immune reactions of patients to autologous tumor cells (autologous typing), and this approach of autologous typing also led to the development of SEREX (serological analysis of cDNA expression libraries) for defining the molecular structure of tumor antigens eliciting a humoral immune response (10). As a consequence of T cell epitope cloning and SEREX analysis, a growing number of CT antigens have now been defined, and other approaches, e.g., representational difference analysis and in silico surveys of cDNA data banks are adding to the list (Table 1 and references therein).
Diseño y Validación de la Escala de Creencias Normativas Sobre la Prosocialidad en Adolescentes Chilenos

This article presents the design and validation of a scale to assess Normative Beliefs About Prosociality (CNPROS), taking as a model the Normative Beliefs About Aggression Scale, NBAGGS (Huesmann & Guerra, 1997). The validation was developed in several phases during 2012 and 2013, with a convenience sample of 762 4 th , 5 th and 6 th graders from 4 private subsidized schools located in 4 different neighborhoods in Santiago, Chile. Analyses were carried out with 4 different samples of students from different grades and schools. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the structure and internal consistency of the scale were shown. Its direct correlations with empathy (for girls) and prosocial behavior (where significant ge nder differences cann ot be discerned) and inverse correlations with NBAGGS and aggression showed concurrent validity. An analysis of variance among 6 th graders showed that girls obtained a higher average score than boys in CNPROS. A 9 items scale is finally presented, which may help the diagnosis, research, and intervention in school contexts.