Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A positron emission tomography study of quetiapine in schizophrenia: a preliminary finding of an antipsychotic effect with only transiently high dopamine D2 receptor occupancy.

BACKGROUND Quetiapine is a new atypical antipsychotic medication. As such, relatively little has been published regarding its in vivo effects at the dopamine type 2 (D2) and serotonin type 2a (5-HT2a) receptor systems. The following study was undertaken to explore these effects across the clinical dose range and relate this information to its clinical profile. METHODS Twelve patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to doses of 150 to 600 mg/d (n=3, at 150, 300, 450, and 600 mg/d) of quetiapine. After 3 weeks of treatment, D2 and 5-HT2a occupancy were measured using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, 12 to 14 hours after the last dose. Clinical efficacy and adverse effect ratings were obtained at baseline, at the time of PET scanning, and at 12 weeks. Two additional patients were included to examine the effects of the drug 2 to 3 hours after last dose. RESULTS Quetiapine was an effective antipsychotic and improved the extrapyramidal symptoms and prolactin level elevation noted at baseline. It achieved these results with minimal (0%-27%) D2 occupancy 12 hours after the last dose. Study of the additional subjects revealed that quetiapine does give rise to transiently high (58%-64%) D2 occupancy 2 to 3 hours after a single dose that then decreases to minimal levels in 12 hours. CONCLUSIONS Quetiapine shows a transiently high D2 occupancy, which decreases to very low levels by the end of the dosing interval. Quetiapine's low D2 occupancy can explain its freedom from extrapyramidal symptoms and prolactin level elevation. The data suggest that transient D2 occupancy may be sufficient for its antipsychotic effect. Future studies controlling for nonpharmacological effects as well as activities on other receptors will be necessary to confirm this suggestion.
Discussion on ‘Joint modeling of survival and longitudinal non‐survival data’ by Gould et al.

First, we would like to congratulate the authors on a very accurate and clearly written work. The paper provides a thorough literature review on various aspects of the joint model and certainly provides a strong motivation to the use of joint modeling techniques in medical applications. Jointly modeling two or more processes together has been an active area of research for quite some-time now. This is particularly useful when the processes have different distributions, as in mixed data frameworks. A particularly interesting feature is the possibility to predict one event conditional on the others.Webelieve that three extremely interesting experimental designs arise, which are amenable to joint modeling techniques. First of all, joint models must be used when the focus is on the longitudinal outcome(s), but there is informative drop-out. Second, joint models must be used when the focus is on the survival outcome, and there are time-varying covariates that might be measured with error [1]. Finally, in many applications, both aspects of the joint model might be of interest, where one might discover that a treatment is beneficial for survival but detrimental for a longitudinal outcome measuring quality of life or occurrence of a side effect. joint the
Network Bandwidth Allocation via Distributed Auctions with Time Reservations

This paper studies the problem of allocating network capacity through periodic auctions. We impose the following conditions: fully distributed solutions over an arbitrary network topology, and the requirement that resources allocated in a given auction are reserved for the entire duration of the connection, not subject to future contention. Under these conditions, we study the problem of selling capacity to optimize revenue for the operator. We first study optimal revenue for a single distributed auction in a general network. Next, the periodic auctions case is considered for a single link, modelling the optimal revenue problem as a Markov decision process (MDP); we develop a sequence of receding horizon approximations to its solution. Combining the two approaches we formulate a receding horizon optimization of revenue over a general network topology, that yields a distributed implementation. The proposal is demonstrated through simulations.
Developmental Patterns in Open-Ended Groups

This paper is a continuation of the authors' study of the open-ended group. Herein are examined variations in group development in four types of open-ended groups classified by frequency and extent of member change. An earlier paper introducing this study, "Meeting Practice Needs: Conceptualizing the Open-Ended Group," was published in Social Work with Groups, Volume 7, Number 2, Summer 1984.
Iterative Hadoop MapReduce-Based Subgraph Enumeration in Network Motif Analysis

Finding network motifs in biological networks is a computationally intensive task as it involves traversing through a large network to enumerate all possible sub graphs of a given size, and then determining their statistical uniqueness by sampling sub graphs from a large number (more than 1,000) of random graph pools. There have been parallelization efforts in the past to mitigate the computational intensity for finding network motifs. However, they are either more for the frequent sub graphs in networks rather than network motifs, or require complex manipulations on message passing or designs. Additionally, most of the parallel algorithms are unavailable as tools for use. In this paper, we introduce a project of 'complete network motif parallelization. ' This project aims to improve performance of serial algorithms for finding sub graphs in PPI networks - ESU algorithm and McKay's canonical labeling algorithm - by parallel zing them using iterative Hadoop MapReduce on Google Cloud, and then determining their uniqueness through explicit or direct random graph generation. In this paper, we describe the parallelization of ESU and McKay's canonical algorithms and present the experimental results with a significant improvement in performance, up to 37 times speedup. We are continuing to parallelize network motif significance as a next step, and expecting the completion of the project in near future.
Complexity Theory , Market Dynamism , and the Strategy of Simple Rules

This study explores the fundamental tension between too little and too much structure. Observed in multiple streams of research, this tension is associated with the tradeoff between efficiency and flexibility that is central in dynamic markets. Using the strengths of simulation to confirm internal validity and to elaborate theory through virtual experiments, we examine the relationship between the amount of structure and performance in dynamic environments. We have several findings. First, we confirm that an inverted Ushaped relationship exists between performance and the amount of structure. Yet, this relationship is unexpectedly asymmetric – i.e., it is better to err on the side of too much than too little structure. Second, we describe how market dynamism moderates the relationship between structure and performance. In particular, increasing unpredictability is associated with a less structured optimum. Moreover, when environments are very unpredictable, there is a very narrow range of optimal structure and a precarious “edge of chaos. ” But when environments are very predictable, there is a broad range of optimal structures and equifinality. Third, other environmental dimensions have their own unique effects – i.e., increasing velocity raises performance while increasing complexity lowers it. Surprisingly, increasing ambiguity diminishes the value of skill. Broadly, we contribute to strategy by confirming the internal validity of strategy as simple rules, and clarify the boundary conditions of positioning and opportunity strategic logics. We contribute to organizational theory by providing an optimistic view of adaptation with clarity regarding its challenges for new v. established firms. Overall, we sketch an emerging theory for how organizations adapt that builds on the insights of complexity science.
Older women living the bingo stereotype: 'well, so what? I play bingo. I'm not out drinkin'. I'm not out boozin''

Stigmas about 'little old ladies' in bingo halls highlight a leisure phenomenon that has received very little research. This study explored the meaning and lifestyles of elderly women who play bingo every week. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight women and a nine-person focus group in Edmonton, Alberta. Verbatim transcriptions of each interview facilitated content reduction and story reconstruction using approaches described in Goodall (2000). Narrative summaries included biographical sketches and stories related to: 1) life patterns of bingo participation; 2) reasons to play; 3) life experiences with bingo or other gambling; and 4) implications for active living, health and wellness. After a childhood introduction, bingo activity re-started in mid-life or later as a way to enjoy leisure time by 'being with people' and 'getting out' 'for something to do' Although bingo is a sedentary leisure choice, the game seems harshly judged by society when the players themselves relate compelling reasons to play that relate to enjoyment of their leisure time and the enhancement of their well-being.
Background Radiation Cancellation for Free-Space Optical Communications with IM/DD

Besides atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors which cause the signal intensity fluctuation, background radiation also impairs the free-space optical intensity-modulation / direct-detection link performance by introducing a noisy photocurrent component in the receiver. Methods such as adopting some specific optics systems, using pilot symbols or line codes to estimate the background information and cancel it accordingly, and pulse-position modulation (PPM), can be adopted to mitigate the impact of background radiation. However, purely depending on the optics system, the background radiation can only be reduced, but not completely cancelled; and the use of any of pilot symbols, line codes and PPM reduces the system spectral efficiency drastically. In this paper, based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) principle, we develop a Viterbi-type trellis-search sequence receiver (the GLRT sequence receiver) that can estimate the unknown channel gain and the background radiation simultaneously, and detect the data sequence accordingly. This receiver requires very few pilot symbols, and therefore, does not significantly reduce the bandwidth efficiency. Its error performance can approach that of detection with perfect information of the channel state and the background radiation, as the observation window length used for forming the decision metric increases. Since a Viterbi-type trellis-search algorithm is adopted, the search complexity is very low and is independent of the observation window size. However, the search complexity of the GLRT sequence receiver grows exponentially with the modulation order. To further simplify the implementation, we derive a more efficient decision-feedback symbol-by-symbol receiver which retains the same error performance as that of the GLRT sequence receiver.
Characteristics of Students With High-Incidence Disabilities Broadly Defined

Students with high-incidence disabilities are the most prevalent among children and youth with disabilities in U.S. schools. This group typically includes students with emotional and/or behavioral disorders (E/BD), learning disabilities (LD), and mild intellectual disability (MID). However, students with other disabilities, including high-functioning autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and speech and language impairment are now being identified at higher rates and occupy an aggregate “other” category within high-incidence disabilities. Yet, little research has examined similarities between students identified in the traditional high-incidence group (emotional disorder, LD, MID) and students in the growing “other” category. This study was designed to examine similarities and differences between students with high-incidence disabilities broadly defined. Using an extant database, cognitive ability, academic performance, and behavioral performances were examined across disability categories. Findings indicate that, other than for students with E/BD on behavior, very few differences were evident. Policy implications are forwarded to facilitate discussion of inclusion and intervention practices for high-incidence disabilities broadly defined.
GARBAN: genomic analysis and rapid biological annotation of cDNA microarray and proteomic data

SUMMARY Genomic Analysis and Rapid Biological ANnotation (GARBAN) is a new tool that provides an integrated framework to analyze simultaneously and compare multiple data sets derived from microarray or proteomic experiments. It carries out automated classifications of genes or proteins according to the criteria of the Gene Ontology Consortium at a level of depth defined by the user. Additionally, it performs clustering analysis of all sets based on functional categories or on differential expression levels. GARBAN also provides graphical representations of the biological pathways in which all the genes/proteins participate. AVAILABILITY http://garban.tecnun. es.
Factors that Influence Body Dissatisfaction: Comparisons across Culture and Gender

This study examined the relationship between attachment style, differentiation of self, and body dissatisfaction across culture and gender. The sample consisted of 115 Caucasians (85 females, 29 males) with a mean age of 22.2 years (SD = 5.81) and 119 Chinese individuals (93 females, 26 males) with a mean age of 22.8 years (SD = 2.35). Participants completed online self-report measures of body satisfaction, attachment style, and differentiation of self. Results indicated that high attachment anxiety and less differentiation of self were associated with lower body satisfaction for women but not for men of either cultural group. There were no significant cultural or gender differences in terms of overall body satisfaction; however, there were differences with regard to preoccupation with weight and self-perceived weight. It was concluded that culture had little impact on body dissatisfaction in the present sample but that the factors that shape body dissatisfaction differed by gender.
A Personalized URL Re-ranking Method using Psychological User Browsing Characteristics

This paper proposes a personalized URL re-ranking method based on psy- chological characteristics of users browsing. The characteristics are classified into three groups, which are "common-mind," "uncommon-mind," and "extremely uncommon- mind. " Our personalization method constructs an index of the anchor text retrieved from the web pages that the user has clicked during his/her past searches. Our method provides different weights to the anchor text according to the psychological character- istics for re-ranking URLs. In the experimental section, we show that our method can provide better performance than Google and another web personalization method in terms of the average rank.
UDP-Galactose 4′-Epimerase Activities toward UDP-Gal and UDP-GalNAc Play Different Roles in the Development of Drosophila melanogaster

In both humans and Drosophila melanogaster, UDP-galactose 4′-epimerase (GALE) catalyzes two distinct reactions, interconverting UDP-galactose (UDP-gal) and UDP-glucose (UDP-glc) in the final step of the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, and also interconverting UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-galNAc) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-glcNAc). All four of these UDP-sugars serve as vital substrates for glycosylation in metazoans. Partial loss of GALE in humans results in the spectrum disorder epimerase deficiency galactosemia; partial loss of GALE in Drosophila melanogaster also results in galactose-sensitivity, and complete loss in Drosophila is embryonic lethal. However, whether these outcomes in both humans and flies result from loss of one GALE activity, the other, or both has remained unknown. To address this question, we uncoupled the two activities in a Drosophila model, effectively replacing the endogenous dGALE with prokaryotic transgenes, one of which (Escherichia coli GALE) efficiently interconverts only UDP-gal/UDP-glc, and the other of which (Plesiomonas shigelloides wbgU) efficiently interconverts only UDP-galNAc/UDP-glcNAc. Our results demonstrate that both UDP-gal and UDP-galNAc activities of dGALE are required for Drosophila survival, although distinct roles for each activity can be seen in specific windows of developmental time or in response to a galactose challenge. By extension, these data also suggest that both activities might play distinct and essential roles in humans.
A histogram density modeling approach to music emotion recognition

Music emotion recognition is concerned with developing predictive models that comprehend the affective content of musical signals. Recently, a growing number of attempts has been made to model the music emotion as a probability distribution in the valence-arousal (VA) space to better account for the subjectivity. In this paper, we present a novel histogram density modeling approach that models the emotion distribution by a 2-D histogram over the quantized VA space and learns a set of latent histograms to predict the emotion probability density of a song from audio. The proposed model is free from parametric distribution assumptions over the VA space, easy to implement, and extremely fast to train. We also extend our model to deal with the temporal dynamics of time-varying emotion labels. Comprehensive performance study on two larger-scale datasets demonstrates that our approach achieves comparable performance to the state-of-the-art ones, but with much better training and testing efficiency.
Revision Learning and its Application to Part-of-Speech Tagging

This paper presents a revision learning method that achieves high performance with small computational cost by combining a model with high generalization capacity and a model with small computational cost. This method uses a high capacity model to revise the output of a small cost model. We apply this method to English part-of-speech tagging and Japanese morphological analysis, and show that the method performs well.
Multiresolution Search Strategy for Elastic Registration of X-Ray Angiography Images

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is now a widely used X-ray technique for vascular imaging. However, due to unavoidable motions, the subtraction images often suffer from misregistration artifacts. To cope with this problem and improve the diagnostic value of DSA, registration algorithms are often employed before subtraction. In this paper, a novel elastic registration algorithm for registration of the angiographic images is presented. This algorithm is built upon a multiresolution search strategy in which the global transformation is calculated iteratively based on local search in coarse and fine sub-image blocks, and local searches are accomplished in a differential multiscale framework. Experimental results with several clinical data sets show that this approach is highly effective.
A novel use of amniotic membrane in the management of tube exposure following glaucoma tube shunt surgery

Aim: To report a novel technique using amniotic membrane to cover exposed glaucoma tube shunts. Methods: A consecutive series of three cases that underwent drainage tube shunt surgery with the Ahmed valve for intractable glaucoma. All three patients developed exposure of the tube secondary to necrosis of the overlying bovine pericardial patch and conjunctiva. Repair of the defect was carried out with a double layer of amniotic membrane, the inner one acting as a graft and the outer as a patch. Autologous serum was used to promote epithelial growth. Results: Successful lasting closure of the conjunctival defect was achieved in all cases. Conclusion: Erosion of the drainage tube following shunt surgery is a potentially serious problem. It can be successfully managed using a double layer of amniotic membrane.
Electromechanical delay detected by tissue Doppler echocardiography is associated with the frequency of attacks in patients with lone atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND Our main purpose in this study is to compare atrial (inter-atrial, intra-left atrial, intra-right atrial) electromechanical delays of patients with lone atrial fibrillation (LAF) with healthy individuals and examine the relationship of annual LAF attack frequency. METHODS 32 entirely healthy individuals and 32 patients who have presented with tachycardia and complying with LAF criteria have been included in the study. The time passing from the beginning of the P wave on electrocardiography to the A' wave on tissue Doppler trace was accepted as the atrial conduction time (PA'). The PA' time difference between the mitral annulus of left ventricle (ML) and the tricuspid annulus of right ventricle (TL) was defined as inter-atrial electromechanical delay (IA-EMD), the PA' time difference between the ML and septal mitral annulus (MS) as intra-left electromechanical delay (ILeft-EMD), the PA' time difference between MS and the TL as intra-right electromechanical delay (IRight-EMD). RESULTS ILeft-EMD (21.8 ± 9.1 vs. 14.1 ± 4.9, p < 0.001), IRight-EMD (9.3 ± 6.8 vs. 5.9 ± 4.9, p = 0.03) and IA-EMD times (24.7 ± 11.2 vs. 11.9 ± 7.1, p < 0.001) were significantly longer in LAF patients. In multivariate regression analysis, using a model including age, gender and left atrium (LA) volumes, ILeft-EMD times (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03-1.27,p = 0.012), IA-EMD times (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.23, p = 0.007) and LA volumes (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05-1.32, p = 0.005) were independent predictors of LAF. In LAF group, the frequency of AF episodes was significantly correlated with ILeft-EMD (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) and IA-EMD times (r = 0.36, p < 0.004), whereas, IRight-EMD times and LA volumes were not correlated with recurrence rates. CONCLUSIONS ILeft-EMD and IA-EMD may increase in the early stages of atrial fibrillation even without the left atrial dilation and may be more valuable than left atrial area and volume in predicting atrial fibrillation.
Geometric Properties of Quasi-Additive Learning Algorithms

The family of Quasi-Additive (QA) algorithms is a natural generalization of the perceptron learning, which is a kind of on-line learning having two parameter vectors: One is an accumulation of input vectors and the other is a weight vector for prediction associated with the former by a nonlinear function. We show that the vectors have a dually-flat structure from the information-geometric point of view, and this representation makes it easier to discuss the convergence properties.
De la vulnérabilité à la résilience : mutation ou bouleversement ?

La vulnerabilite et la resilience sont deux concepts qui ont emerge dans des domaines differents et sont utilises actuellement pour analyser et caracteriser les risques. La notion de vulnerabilite constituait le paradigme dominant dans la caracterisation du risque et l’analyse des cyndiniques. Depuis les annees 2000, la resilience est mobilisee plus frequemment en geographie et en urbanisme notamment car le concept de vulnerabilite montre ses limites dans la comprehension des risques. Pour exister, la notion de resilience a evolue. Elle s’impose aujourd’hui comme une notion majeure dans l’analyse des risques. L’objectif de cet article est de comprendre comment le glissement semantique s’est opere entre vulnerabilite et resilience. A partir de l’analyse de bases de donnees, nous montrons que l’usage du terme de resilience est limite jusqu’au milieu des annees 2000 puis se developpe rapidement. Ensuite, nous tentons de proposer des hypotheses qui pourraient expliquer l’apparition et le developpement rapide de la resilience. Enfin, nous essayerons de montrer le risque d’instrumentalisation du concept de resilience par les acteurs de l’amenagement.