Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the Anti-Genotoxic, Anti-Proliferative, and Anti-Metastatic Potential of Crude Watercress Extract in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Abstract: Although it is known to be a rich source of the putative anti-cancer chemicals isothiocyanates, watercress has not been extensively studied for its cancer preventing properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential chemoprotective effects of crude watercress extract toward three important stages in the carcinogenic process, namely initiation, proliferation, and metastasis (invasion) using established in vitro models. HT29 cells were used to investigate the protective effects of the extract on DNA damage and the cell cycle. The extract was not genotoxic but inhibited DNA damage induced by two of the three genotoxins used, namely hydrogen peroxide and fecal water, indicating the potential to inhibit initiation. It also caused an accumulation of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle indicating (possible) cell cycle delay at this stage. The extract was shown to significantly inhibit invasion of HT115 cells through matrigel. Component analysis was also carried out in an attempt to determine the major phytochemicals present in both watercress leaves and the crude extract. In conclusion, the watercress extract proved to be significantly protective against the three stages of the carcinogenesis process investigated.
PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION OF TELEVISION VIEWER DEMOGRAPHICS

Advertisers decide which channels and timeslots they will pay to run their ads based on the demographic of the audience. Due to the increase in available channels, the process of accurately assessing the viewing demographic is difficult, particularly for networks with smaller audiences. This means cable television networks receive less ad revenue than traditional networks. Invidi Technologies Inc. proposes that one means of addressing this issue is through personalizing advertising to the current viewing audience via a digital set-top box (DSTB). Two methods are proposed for predicting the current viewing audience based on information obtained by the DSTB: logistic regression and näıve Bayes. The authors demonstrate each approach using a subset of viewer data, and show that the results are similar.
Data driven editing of RIB centerlines

Rib Unfolding refers to the flattening of the rib cage into a two dimensional image that enables the radiologist to quickly examine all ribs for metastases and fractures without having to scroll through every single image in the CT scans. The rib centerline extraction is the core component of the rib unfolding technology. If the computed centerlines deviate from the true centerlines of the ribs then the unfolding shows the bone cortex or even surrounding tissues, making it impossible to spot lesions inside the ribs. Therefore, this paper presents an interactive system for data driven editing of rib centerlines. The user simply has to place a click point at the center of a rib. From there, the centerline is automatically corrected in both directions until the distance to the old one is below a threshold. We formulate the interactive data driven editing as an energy minimization problem where the new centerline point is calculated as the center of mass of the segmentation mask in the plane orthogonal to the rib centerline, this segmentation mask represent the rib cross section. An automatic tracing scheme is calculated based on the refined centerline point and along the tangent vector to the refined centerlines to get the next orthogonal plane to be segmented. The novelty of this paper is three fold: 1. It defines an intuitive minimal user interaction workflow for the correction of rib centerlines. 2. It uses the data in the neighborhood of the centerline point to formulate the energy minimization problem and obtain a more accurate segmentation. 3. We present a novel re-initialization component to prevent the rib tracing from deviating from the correct solution. The initial point to be corrected is re-initialized based on the neighboring ribs. Quantitative assessment of our method shows that in 85% percent of the cases the rib correction can be perfomed using one or two points.
Nutrient-Gene Expression Expression of the Mouse Metallothionein-I and-II Genes Provides a Reproductive Advantage during Maternal Dietary Zinc Deficiency 1

The function of metallothionein in zinc homeostasis was examined by using mice homozygous for knockout (KO) of the metallothionein-I or -II (MT-I and MT-II) genes. Pregnant MT-I/II KO mice or control mice were fed a zinc-deficient (1 mg/g or 5 mg/g) diet or a zinc-adequate (50 mg/g) diet during specific periods of pregnancy, and the effects on morphogenesis of the embryos were determined at day 14 of pregnancy (day 1 5 vaginal plug). In the homozygous MT-I/II KO, as well as in the nontransgenic control mice, severe dietary zinc deficiency (1 mg/g) beginning on day 1 of pregnancy was embryotoxic and teratogenic, and the majority of the embryos in both strains were dead by mid-gestation. However, 53% of the surviving embryos in the MT-I/II KO mice were morphologically abnormal compared to only 32% of the embryos in the control mice. In subsequent experiments, moderate dietary zinc deficiency (5 mg/g beginning on day 1 of pregnancy or 1 mg/g dietary zinc beginning on day 8 of pregnancy) exerted teratogenic, but not embryotoxic effects. Embryos in the MT-I/II KO mice were 260 to 290% as likely to develop abnormally than were embryos in the control mice fed these same diets. These results demonstrate that the expression of the MT-I and -II genes in pregnant females improves reproductive success during maternal dietary zinc deficiency. J. Nutr. 129: 1643-1648, 1999.
A DATABASE OF PARTIAL TRACKS FOR EVALUATION OF SINUSOIDAL MO DELS

This paper presents a database of partial tracks extracted f rom synthetic as well as pre-recorded musical signals, designed to serve as an ancillary tool for evaluation of sinusoidal analysis alg orithms. In order to accomplish this goal, the database requirements have been carefully specified. A semi-automatic analysis method ology to ensure the track parameters are precisely estimated has b een employed. The overall methodology is validated via the applic ation of performance tests over the synthetic source-signals.
Psychosocial factors and preterm birth among African American and White women in central North Carolina.

OBJECTIVES We assessed associations between psychosocial factors and preterm birth, stratified by race in a prospective cohort study. METHODS We surveyed 1898 women who used university and public health prenatal clinics regarding various psychosocial factors. RESULTS African Americans were at higher risk of preterm birth if they used distancing from problems as a coping mechanism or reported racial discrimination. Whites were at higher risk if they had high counts of negative life events or were not living with a partner. The association of pregnancy-related anxiety with preterm birth weakened when medical comorbidities were taken into account. No association with preterm birth was found for depression, general social support, or church attendance. CONCLUSIONS Some associations between psychosocial variables and preterm birth differed by race.
Non-Apneic Snoring and the Orthodontist: Radiographic Pharyngeal Dimension Changes with Supine Posture and Mandibular Protrusion

Objective To evaluate the radiographic changes that occur in the pharynx and surrounding structures with alteration of posture from the upright to the supine position and the effect that mandibular protrusion whilst supine has on these dimensions. Design Prospective cephalometric study. Setting University Dental Hospital and School. Subjects and method This prospective study involved 35 consecutively referred adults with proven non-apneic snoring. Lateral skull radiographs were obtained with the subjects upright in occlusion, supine in occlusion and supine with the mandible protruded to the maximum comfortable position. Radiographs were traced and digitized, and the pharyngeal dimensional changes and hyoid position were examined. Males and females were examined separately. Results Radiographic pharyngeal dimensions were changed with altered posture, resulting in significant reductions in the minimum post-palatal (p<0.01) and post-lingual (p<0.05) airway measurements in the supine position. Mandibular protrusion whilst in the supine position produced increases in the functioning space for the tongue. Conclusion A supine posture results in significant reductions in pharyngeal airway measurements of non-apneic snorers. Mandibular protrusion whilst in the supine position produces an increase in the functioning space for the tongue.
Exploring the Causal Model of 3D-CAD Technology

D-CAD technology impacts the performance of product development in two ways. One is a positive effect that the use of the 3D-CAD decreases the number of problem solving cycles directly, so that development performance improves. The other is the negative effect that 3D-CAD increases interfirm communication, which increases the quantity of coordination. In conclusion, the overall phenomenon of a correlation between the use of 3D-CAD technology and improved performance cannot be seen, because the two effects of the 3D-CAD offset each other.
A Comparison of Machine Learning Approaches to Classify Tala COMP 562

Carnatic music has been a style of music prevalent in South India from as early as the seventeenth century. This style of music as two main aspects: the swara (or melody) and the laya (or rythm). In this paper, we outline the methods we took to classify the tala (or meter) of a composition. We employed both statistical learning models, as well as deep learning models and found that our 2-dimensional CNN gave us the best prediction accuracy of 92 %. The Inception V3 architecture of a CNN gave us the second best results, with an accuracy of 50%, followed by kNN, with k set to 3 which gave us an accuracy of 42%. In the future, this application could be extended to generating new music in the classified tala.
Performance Measurement at Work: A Multilevel Perspective

For decades, one of the primary goals of organizational research has been the improvement and management of organizational performance. Inherent to the goal of improving performance is the concept of performance measurement (PM). PM is the mechanism that allows managers and researchers to gain an understanding of individual, team, and overall organizational performance. Without the ability to accurately measure a construct such as performance, it is impossible to truly understand, control, or improve it. As Sink and Tuttle (1989) asserted, one cannot manage what one cannot measure. Ultimately, the effective training and management of employees, teams, and organizations in any context is contingent on the quality of PM. Accordingly, much effort has been devoted over the past several decades to exploring theories, methods, and practices associated with PM (e.g., Bititci, Turner, & Begemann, 2000; Campbell, McCloy, Oppler, & Sager, 1993; Folan & Browne, 2005; Gershoni & Rudy, 1981; Kendall & Salas, 2004; Pun & White, 2005). The PM literature can generally be categorized into three distinct perspectives: individual-level PM, teamlevel PM, and organizational-level PM. Very little research has simultaneously examined multiple levels. This is problematic given that actual performance in organizations takes place at all three levels simultaneously, and perhaps more important, all three levels of performance are intertwined. Teams are becoming the predominant method for achieving organizational goals. These teams are made up of individual employees, who actually engage in behaviors that lead to performance. Thus, there is a need to integrate these three streams of PM research into one comprehensive understanding of PM and its implications. To address this need, this chapter presents a multilevel perspective on the field of PM. First, we discuss the criterion problem, which represents a broad issue underscoring the importance of PM. Next, we briefly describe five critical considerations when choosing or designing any PM system. Then, after the core underlying issues are clear, we dive into PM as described from the individual, team, and organizational perspectives. This includes the general definition of performance, key theories, and common measurement strategies used in each stream of literature. Once each perspective is discussed separately, we discuss a multilevel approach to PM. The chapter concludes with a review of current trends requiring future research and some concluding remarks. (See also Vol. 2, chap. 9, this handbook.)
Quantifying the adequacy of prenatal care: a comparison of indices.

OBJECTIVES In spite of the widespread use of prenatal care utilization indices in the scientific literature, little attention has been given to the extent to which these indices are comparable. This investigation contrasts the way five indices classified cases into categories of prenatal care use. METHODS From the 1989-1991 South Carolina Public Use data files, single live births to resident mothers were selected for analysis (N = 169,082). Five prenatal care indices were compared: (a) the modified Institute of Medicine (Kessner) index, (b) a variation of the IOM index using the full American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology visit recommendation, (c) an index derived from the recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service Expert Panel on Prenatal Care, (d) the GINDEX, and (e) the APNCU index. RESULTS The proportion of cases assigned to prenatal care utilization categories by each index varied markedly, ranging from 33.6% to 58.1% for adequate care, 9.2% to 20.3% for inadequate care, and 7.4% to 22.6% for intensive utilization. CONCLUSIONS The selection of a prenatal care utilization index for research and policy development purposes requires a careful consideration of the intent, criteria for defining adequacy, and coding assumptions of each index. As these indices are conceptually distinct in their measurement approach, they are likely to yield different patterns of prenatal care use in a population and cannot be used interchangeably. Recommendations for their use are provided.
Interrelationship between Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion in Unilateral Cleft Lip & Palate Cases based on Goslon Yardstick ScaleA Cross Sectional Observational Study

Introduction: The Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo, Norway [GOSLON] yardstick scale is an index for evaluating study models to determine the effects of treatment in individuals born with unilateral cleft lip and palate [UCLP]. GOSLON is a tool for ranking study models based on their sagittal, vertical, and transversal planes that requires calibration of the examiner. Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the interrelation between skeletal and dental malocclusion in unilateral cleft lip &/ palate cases based on Goslon Yardstick Scale. Materials and methods: The study scored 80 study models [Mixed = 40, Permanent = 40] using Goslon yardstick scale and their lateral cephalograms were evaluated for interjaw relationship. Results: Significant interrater reliability was found for Golson yardstick scale. Goslon score – 4was found in 40%of study models of mixed dentition while Goslon score 2 and 3 each were found in 40 % of study models in permanent dentition. Significant correlation was found between Goslon score and skeletal cephalometric parameters.
Photometric Stereo data for Leaf Segmentation and Plant Phenotyping

Continuous advances in computer vision (CV) have allowed for significant improvements in objective, accurate and fast image analysis. CV tools are being used in many different applications, one of them being plant phenotyping. However, key challenges in CV for plant phenotyping still need to be addressed. For example, two-dimensional (2D) imaging approaches are widely used due to their availability and relative ease of capture, but they cannot accurately represent features such as leaf curvature and movement (e.g. hyponasty), which can lead to erroneous data interpretation. Three-dimensional (3D) approaches overcome some of the shortcomings of 2D, but are frequently limited by other factors such as resolution, speed, availability and high cost. We addressed these issues by developing a novel affordable 3D plant phenotyping system based on the Photometric Stereo (PS) technique [1, 2].
Enhance accuracy of partition-based overlapping clustering by exploiting benefit of distances between clusters

In conventional algorithms a data point can be assigned to only a single cluster. However, in reality there are several types of data that a data point belongs to multiple categories and causes ground-truth clusters overlap. In this circumstance, conventional clustering cannot work effectively. To handle this problem, several algorithms are proposed and referred as “overlapping clustering”. One of state-of-the-art partition-based overlapping clustering technique is “Non-exhaustive, Overlapping K-Means” or “NEO-K-Means” in short, which is an extension of K-Means clustering algorithm. Although NEO-K-Means works effectively for most real-world multi-category data, however, distance between clusters that is essential parameter for overlapping clustering is not included in the process of algorithm. This is a huge drawback of NEO-K-Means that makes clustering accuracy lower than it should be. In this paper, we aim to overcome this limitation in NEO-K-Means with our assumption that closer clusters should have higher probability to overlap than others that are faraway. To achieve the goal, the parameter that represents distances between clusters centroids is included in objective function before prioritizing and assigning data points to the overlapped regions of clusters. The experimental results show that our method significantly outperforms NEO-K-Means on all nine real multi-category data sets in terms of F1.
Effectiveness of Assertiveness Training on Assertiveness skills among Alcoholic Patients of selected De-addiction centers in Chennai

In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of participation in assertiveness training programme upon the assertiveness skills of alcoholic patients. 60 alcoholic patients (30 in control group and 30 in experimental group) completed the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule. The alcoholic patients in the control group were allowed to participate in all alcoholism unit treatment and activities except those involving assertiveness training. Post test was done on the 15 th day. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Participants in the intervention group were associated with a statistically-significant increase in level of overall assertiveness skills between the pretest and post test data (p<0.001). The results also demonstrated that alcoholic patients over the age of 20 years are more likely to report a higher level of assertiveness skills in both the preand post-results. The assertiveness skills of alcoholic patients improved through participation in assertiveness training programme. Majority of alcoholic patients (93.33%) had a high level of satisfaction on training program.
Reveals Dominant Expression Patterns A High-Resolution Root Spatiotemporal Map

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Quantitative Analysis of Healthy and Pathological Vocal Fold Vibrations using an Optical Flow based Waveform

The objective assessment of the vocal fold vibrations is important in diagnosing several vocal diseases. Given the high speed of the vibrations, the high speed videoendoscopy is commonly used to capture the vocal fold movements into video recordings. Commonly, two steps are carried out in order to automatically quantify laryngeal parameters and assess the vibra-tions. The first step aims to map the spatial-temporal information contained in the video recordings into a representation that facilitates the analysis of the vibrations. Numerous techniques are reported in the literature but the majority of them require the segmentation of all the images of the video, which is a complex task. The second step aims to quantify laryngeal parameters in order to assess the vibrations. To this aim, most of the existing approaches require an additional processing to the representation in order to deduce those parameters. Furthermore, for some reported representations, the assessment of the symmetry and the periodicity of the vocal fold dynamics needs setting up parameters that are specific to the representation under consideration; which makes difficult the comparison between the existing techniques. To alleviate these problems, the present study investigates the use of a recently proposed representation named optical flow based waveform, in order to objectively quantify the laryngeal parameters. This waveform is retained in this study as it does not require the segmentation of all the images of the video. Furthermore, it will be shown in the present work that the automatic quantification of the vibrations using this waveform can be carried out without applying any additional processing. Moreover, common laryngeal parameters are exploited; hence, no specific parameters are needed to be defined for the automatic assessment of the vibrations. Experiments conducted on healthy and pathological phonation show the accuracy of the waveform. Besides, it is more sensitive to pathological phonation than the state-of-the-art techniques.
Durum wheat evolution : a genomic analysis

Durum wheat appears in the archaeological record, very sporadically, ~7000 years before present, but becomes the dominant tetraploid wheat in the Levant and in the Mediterranean basin ~2500 years ago. Here, we discuss the archeological insights on durum wheat evolution and we focus on the analysis of the genomic changes that are correlated with the process of domestication and evolution of modern durum by comparing four genetic groups: wild emmer, domestic emmer, durum landraces and modern durum varieties. Changes in gene expression and copy number variation of genes and transposons were analyzed in the genetic groups. Genes were clustered based on their pattern of change during Durum evolution, e.g. gradual increase, or decrease, or increase at the onset of domestication and plateauing later on. There were not many genes that changed >2 fold in copy number. However, interestingly, the copy number of transposons increased with domestication, possibly relecting the genomic plasticity that was required for adaptation under cultivation. Extensive changes in gene expression were seen in developing grains. For example, there was an enrichment for certain functions: genes involved in vesicle traficking in the endosperm showed a gradual increase in expression during durum evolution and genes related to germination and germination inhibition increased in expression in the embryo, in the more recent stages of durum evolution. The approach described here enables better understanding of the genetic events that shaped modern wheat and identiies genes that can be used for crop improvement.