Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Managerial Ownership, Board of Commissioners Proportion, Auditing Committee Independence, Sales Growth, Company Size To Return of Equity (ROE) of State Owned Enterprises Which is Listed in The Indonesian Sharia Stock Index 2011-2014Period

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of good corporate governance, growth of sales, and firm size on ROE of State Owned Enterprises which hare listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the 2011-2014 period. The method used is the quantitative method with panel data regression techniques. The data used are secondary data by collecting annual financial data statements of State Owned Enterprises which hare listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in the 2011-2014 period. Panel data regression conduction showed that managerial ownership (X1) has a negative and significant impact on ROE, the proportion of commissioners has a positive and significant impact on ROE (X2), the independence of audit committee (X3)has a negative and significant impact on ROE, growth of sales (X4 )has a positive and significant impact on ROE, firm size (X5) has a positive and significant impact on ROE as well as managerial ownership, the proportion of commissioners, the independence of audit committee, growth of sales, and firm size simultaneously affect the ROE of State Owned Enterprises in the 2011-2014 period. Keywords: Firm Size, Growth of Sales, Managerial Ownership, Return On Equity (ROE), The Proportion of Board Commissioners, The Independence of Audit Committee
Explorer Bayesian Policy Reuse

A long-lived autonomous agent should be able to respond online to novel instances of tasks from a familiar domain. Acting online requires ‘fast’ responses, in terms of rapid convergence, especially when the task instance has a short duration such as in applications involving interactions with humans. These requirements can be problematic for many established methods for learning to act. In domains where the agent knows that the task instance is drawn from a family of related tasks, albeit without access to the label of any given instance, it can choose to act through a process of policy reuse from a library in contrast to policy learning. In policy reuse, the agent has prior experience from the class of tasks in the form of a library of policies that were learnt from sample task instances during an offline training phase. We formalise the problem of policy reuse and present an algorithm for efficiently responding to a novel task instance by reusing a policy from this library of existing policies, where the choice is based on observed ‘signals’ which correlate to policy performance. We achieve this by posing the problem as a Bayesian choice problem with a corresponding notion of an optimal response, but the computation of that response is in many cases intractable. Therefore, to reduce the computation cost of the posterior, we follow a Bayesian optimisation approach and define a set of policy selection functions, which balance exploration in the policy library against exploitation of previously tried policies, together with a model of expected performance of the policy library on their corresponding task instances. We validate our method in several simulated domains of interactive, short-duration episodic tasks, showing rapid convergence in unknown task variations. The first two authors contributed equally to this paper. Benjamin Rosman Mobile Intelligent Autonomous Systems (MIAS), Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa, and the School of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. E-mail: BRosman@csir.co.za. Majd Hawasly School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, UK. E-mail: M.Hawasly@ed.ac. uk. Subramanian Ramamoorthy School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, UK. E-mail: S.Ramamoorthy@ed.ac. uk. ar X iv :1 50 5. 00 28 4v 2 [ cs . A I] 1 4 D ec 2 01 5 2 Rosman, Hawasly & Ramamoorthy
Ant tending influences soldier production in a social aphid

The aphid Pseudoregma sundanica (Van der Goot) (Homoptera: Aphididae) has two defence strategies. It is obligatorily tended by various species of ant and also produces sterile soldiers. We investigated how they allocate their investment in these two strategies. We measured the size, number of soldiers, number and species of tending ant, and number and species of predators in P.sundanica populations. We found that the level of ant tending correlated negatively with soldier investment in P.sundanica. The species of tending ant also influenced soldier investment. We excluded ants from aphid populations and recorded changes in population size and structure over four weeks. Ant exclusion led to population decline and extinction. At the same time, surviving populations showed a significant increase in soldier investment. The data demonstrate that social aphids can adjust their investment in soldiers in direct response to environmental change.
Context dependent word modeling for statistical machine translation using part-of-speech tags

Word based translation models in particular and phrase based translation models in general assume that a word in any context is equivalent to the same word in any other context. Yet, this is not always true. The words in a sentence are not generated independently. The usage of each word is strongly affected by its immediate neighboring words. The state-of-the-art machine translation (MT) methods use words and phrases as basic modeling units. This paper introduces Context Dependent Words (CDWs) as the new basic translation units. The context classes are defined using Part-of-Speech (POS) tags. Experimental results using CDW based language models demonstrate encouraging improvements in the translation quality for the translation of dialectal Arabic to English. Analysis of the results reveals that improvements are mainly in fluency.
Population structure of wild wheat D‐genome progenitor Aegilops tauschii Coss.: implications for intraspecific lineage diversification and evolution of common wheat

Aegilops tauschii Coss. is the D‐genome progenitor of hexaploid wheat. Aegilops tauschii, a wild diploid species, has a wide natural species range in central Eurasia, spreading from Turkey to western China. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis using a total of 122 accessions of Ae. tauschii was conducted to clarify the population structure of this widespread wild wheat species. Phylogenetic and principal component analyses revealed two major lineages in Ae. tauschii. Bayesian population structure analyses based on the AFLP data showed that lineages one (L1) and two (L2) were respectively significantly divided into six and three sublineages. Only four out of the six L1 sublineages were diverged from those of western habitats in the Transcaucasia and northern Iran region to eastern habitats such as Pakistan and Afghanistan. Other sublineages including L2 were distributed to a limited extent in the western region. Subspecies strangulata seemed to be differentiated in one sublineage of L2. Among three major haplogroups (HG7, HG9 and HG16) previously identified in the Ae. tauschii population based on chloroplast variation, HG7 accessions were widely distributed to both L1 and L2, HG9 accessions were restricted to L2, and HG16 accessions belonged to L1, suggesting that HG9 and HG16 were formed from HG7 after divergence of the first two lineages of the nuclear genome. These results on the population structure of Ae. tauschii and the genealogical relationship among Ae. tauschii accessions should provide important agricultural and evolutionary knowledge on genetic resources and conservation of natural genetic diversity.
Application of a Homogenous Assay for the Detection of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene to Environmental Water Samples

A homogeneous assay was used to detect 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) spiked into environmental water samples. This assay is based on changes in fluorescence emission intensity when TNT competitively displaces a fluorescently labeled, TNT analog bound to an anti-TNT antibody. The effectiveness of the assay was highly dependent on the source of the sample being tested. As no correlation between pH and assay performance was observed, ionic strength was assumed to be the reason for variation in assay results. Addition of 10x phosphate-buffered saline to samples to increase their ionic strength to that of our standard laboratory buffer (about 0.17 M) significantly improved the range over which the assay functioned in several river water samples.
Using international classification of Diseases 11 “Mental disorders specifically associated with stress” in developing countries

This article summarizes the revised criteria for disorders specifically associated with stress in ICD-11 highlighting major differences from previous classification systems. It also examines the main challenges for implementing these diagnostic guidelines in LMIC countries particularly in South Asia. These challenges are described in the context of socio-cultural, healthcare and humanitarian settings. It also discusses the implications of the revised classification on planning, building capacity, service development and setting up a research agenda for improving mental health care in developing countries.
Scrap Your Reprinter A Datatype Generic Algorithm for Layout-Preserving Refactoring

Refactoring tools are extremely useful in software development: they provide automatic source code transformation tools for a variety of laborious tasks like renaming, formatting, standardisation, modernisation, and modularisation. A refactoring tool transforms part of a code base and leaves everything else untouched, including secondary notation like whitespace and comments. We describe a novel datatype generic algorithm for the last step of a refactoring tool – the reprinter – which takes a syntax tree, the original source file, and produces an updated source file which preserves secondary notation in the untransformed parts of the code. As a result of being datatype generic, the algorithm does not need changing even if the underlying syntax tree definition changes. We impose only modest preconditions on this underlying data type. The algorithm builds on existing work on datatype generic programming and zippers. This is useful technology for constructing refactoring tools as well as IDEs, interactive theorem provers, and verification and specification tools.
Regulation of Rho and Rac Signaling to the Actin Cytoskeleton by Paxillin during Drosophila Development

ABSTRACT Paxillin is a prominent focal adhesion docking protein that regulates cell adhesion and migration. Although numerous paxillin-binding proteins have been identified and paxillin is required for normal embryogenesis, the precise mechanism by which paxillin functions in vivo has not yet been determined. We identified an ortholog of mammalian paxillin in Drosophila (Dpax) and have undertaken a genetic analysis of paxillin function during development. Overexpression of Dpax disrupted leg and wing development, suggesting a role for paxillin in imaginal disc morphogenesis. These defects may reflect a function for paxillin in regulation of Rho family GTPase signaling as paxillin interacts genetically with Rac and Rho in the developing eye. Moreover, a gain-of-function suppressor screen identified a genetic interaction between Dpax and cdi in wing development. cdi belongs to the cofilin kinase family, which includes the downstream Rho target, LIM kinase (LIMK). Significantly, strong genetic interactions were detected between Dpax and Dlimk, as well as downstream effectors of Dlimk. Supporting these genetic data, biochemical studies indicate that paxillin regulates Rac and Rho activity, positively regulating Rac and negatively regulating Rho. Taken together, these data indicate the importance of paxillin modulation of Rho family GTPases during development and identify the LIMK pathway as a critical target of paxillin-mediated Rho regulation.
A novel design of heartbeat monitoring system for the motor vehicle

Many traffic accidents take place throughout the world every day claiming lives as well as commodities and people involved in the accidents have to stay long periods at the hospitals. Traffic accidents are caused by many reasons. One of the reasons is the driver's having a heart attack just before the accident took place. If the heartbeat of the driver can continuously be measured, then most probably one of the reasons of traffic accidents can be eliminated. The designed model aims to measure the driver's heartbeat using infrared imaging. Some car models already have a driver heartbeat monitoring system and it measures the heartbeats by using the back seat electrodes. But these systems are expensive and unique to their models and what is more; its adaptation to other car models can pose a difficulty. Implementing on the car's rear-view mirror this new design monitoring system is very cheap and also it can be mounted to all motor vehicles easily.
Regulation of Translation During In Vitro Maturation of Bovine Oocytes: The Role of MAP Kinase, eIF4E (Cap Binding Protein) Phosphorylation, and eIF4E-BP11

Abstract Meiotic maturation of mammalian oocytes (transition from prophase I to metaphase II) is accompanied by complex changes in the protein phosphorylation pattern. At least two major protein kinases are involved in these events; namely, cdc2 kinase and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, because the inhibition of these kinases arrest mammalian oocytes in the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. We show that during meiotic maturation of bovine oocytes, the translation initiation factor, eIF4E (the cap binding protein), gradually becomes phosphorylated. This substantial phosphorylation begins at the time of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and continues to the metaphase II stage. The onset of eIF4E phosphorylation occurs in parallel with a significant increase in overall protein synthesis. However, although eIF4E is nearly fully phosphorylated in metaphase II oocytes, protein synthesis reaches only basal levels at this stage, similar to that of prophase I oocytes, in which the factor remains unphosphorylated. We present evidence that a specific repressor of eIF4E, the binding protein 4E-BP1, is present and could be involved in preventing eIF4E function in metaphase II stage oocytes. Recently, two protein kinases, called Mnk1 and Mnk2, have been identified in somatic cells as eIF4E kinases, both of which are substrates of MAP kinase in vivo. In bovine oocytes, a specific inhibitor of cdk kinases, butyrolactone I, arrests oocytes in GV stage and prevents activation of both cdc2 and MAP kinase. Under these conditions, the phosphorylation of eIF4E is also blocked, and its function in initiation of translation is impaired. In contrast, PD 098059, a specific inhibitor of the MAP kinase activation pathway, which inhibits the MAP kinase kinase, called MEK function, leads only to a postponed GVBD, and a delay in MAP kinase and eIF4E phosphorylation. These results indicate that in bovine oocytes, 1) MAP kinase activation is only partially dependent on MEK kinase, 2) MAP kinase is involved in eIF4E phosphorylation, and 3) the abundance of fully phosphorylated eIF4E does not necessarily directly stimulate protein synthesis. A possible MEK kinase-independent pathway of MAP kinase phosphorylation and the role of 4E-BP1 in repressing translation in metaphase II oocytes are discussed.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT): An Overview of 230 Patients Treated with Orgaran (Org 10172)

Summary Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) with thrombosis occurs in about 1 in 2,000 heparin-treated patients. The arterial or venous thromboses may threaten life and limb hence alternative anticoagulation is needed. Some alternative treatments are possible i.e. LMWH, Ancrod, prostacyclin analogues, Dextran, aspirin and oral anticoagulants, but each has its drawbacks. This report reviews treatment of HIT patients with Orgaran (Org 10172), a low molecular weight heparinoid. Because of its proven antithrombotic activity Orgaran was used to treat 230 HIT patients. One hundred and fifty, nine patients presented with at least one thrombotic problem, which in 88 was due to the heparin use. 92.8% of the patients were considered to have adequately responded to Orgaran during the treatment period. Fifty-nine deaths (25.7%) occurred of which 7 (3.0%) were attributed to Orgaran use. The remaining 52 deaths, 27 of which occurred after Orgaran treatment was successfully terminated, were due to the severe underlying disorders in these patients. These results and the lower cross-reactivity rate (≈10%) with the heparin-induced antibody compared with that of the LMWH (>90%) suggest that although problems remain, Orgaran can be a valuable alternative treatment for patients who suffer from HIT and who require anticoagulation.
Increased colonization potential of Campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 after passage through chickens and its implication on the rate of transmission within flocks

Summary The mechanisms by which Campylobacter jejuni rapidly spreads through large broiler flocks are unknown. Recent evidence suggests that the minimum infective oral dose for 100% caecal colonization is about 104 cfu, which, with such a ‘fragile’ organism, may limit transmissibility. However, the colonization potential of laboratory-adapted strains may be anomalous compared with fresh isolates or those passaged in vivo. The colonization potential of two chicken and one human C. jejuni isolates, which were minimally passaged, have been investigated using a quantitative model of chicken colonization. There was no detectable difference between these strains but all were more efficient colonizers than a laboratory-adapted strain 81116. In addition, the colonization potential of C. jejuni strain 81116 following a passage in vivo was also determined. The results indicated this increased C. 10000 fold following a single passage in vivo, such that a dose of only 40 cfu caused maximal colonization. Enhanced colonization potential may, therefore, account for the rapid rate of transmission within large flocks.
Pouziti souradnice "hydrostaticky tlak" pro integraci elastického modelu dynamiky atmosféry v numerickém predpovednim systému ARPEGE/ALADIN=

Arpege/aladin est un modele tri-dimensionnel a domaine limite, qui fait partie du systeme integre de prevision numerique arpege/ifs. Comme son equivalent global, la version a domaine limite utilise une representation spectrale des champs horizontaux. Une version non-hydrostatique d'arpege/aladin a ete developpee en utilisant la pression hydrostatique comme variable independante. La dynamique choisie represente la version totalement elastique des equations d'euler, l'orographie etant introduite par le biais d'une coordonnee hybride epousant la surface terrestre a sa base. Le schema semi-implicite a ete adapte pour controler les ondes acoustiques comme les ondes de gravite. Il a fallu modifier l'approximation de l'epaisseur logarithmique des couches du modele, et ce pour respecter la regle de l'integration par parties dans le processus conduisant a l'equation de structure. Le schema classique est complete par une correction implicite supplementaire sur la partie non lineaire de la divergence tri-dimensionnelle: ceci implique d'iterer la solution de l'equation d'helmholtz. Tout ceci a permis de prouver pour la premiere fois la faisabilite de cette nouvelle methode. Les resultats de tests idealises dans une version bi-dimensionnelle plan vertical pour des ecoulements au dessus d'une montagne en cloche sont tres proches des solutions analytiques connues. La capacite du modele a representer les ondes de sillage non-hydrostatiques et l'influence de certains effets convectifs a aussi pu etre verifiee
Number 16 VIRUS DETECTION : Plum pox virus ( PPV ) and Prune dwarf virus ( PDV ) Detection Method : RT-PCR , PCR-ELISA

INTRODUCTION Prune dwarf ilarvirus (PDV) and its various strains cause many types of stone fruit diseases of considerable economic importance (Nemeth, 1986). The virus induces considerable damage in many hosts either by itself or in a mixed infection with other stone fruit viruses. PDV is transmitted naturally by infected pollen. PDV has worldwide distribution, especially where sweet and sour cherry are cultivated. Plum pox disease, Sharka, is caused by Plum pox potyvirus (PPV) (Dunez and Sutic, 1988; Hadidi and Candresse, 2001). Sharka, is the most important viral disease of stone fruit diseases in Europe and the Mediterranean region because of reduced fruit quality, premature fruit drop, rapid natural spread by aphid vectors, and rapid decline and death of trees when co-infected with other viruses. During the last decade, PPV has been reported also from South and North America (Hadidi and Candresse, 2001). Introduction of PDV and PPV through the international and national movement of stone fruit cultivars and germplasm to local stone fruit industry is of concern to federal and local governments. For this reason, effective control measures of PDV and PPV must be established to safely introduce stone fruit cultivars and/or germplasm that are free of PDV and/or PPV to prevent serious losses to the local stone fruit industry and significantly reduce PDV and/or PPV infection to stone fruits in countries where either virus is present.
Complex intensive care unit interventions

The use of randomized controlled trials are useful for comparing a simple intervention such as a new drug or procedure. However, complex interventions such as a new system to evaluate early intervention in serious illness usually require complex research methodologies. An intensive care unit is a complex organization and patient care can be influenced by many factors such as standards of nursing care and staff morale within the unit. Some of these factors may be as important, or even more important, than a simple intervention such as a new drug. To answer these questions, we will have to rely not only on complex quantitative research methodologies but also qualitative or a combination of both quantitative and qualitative research.
Self-aligned AlInAs-GaInAs heterojunction bipolar transistors and circuits

AlInAs-GaInAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and static flip-flop frequency dividers have been fabricated. An f/sub t/ and an f/sub max/ of 49 and 62 GHz, respectively, have been achieved in a device with a 2*5- mu m/sup 2/ emitter. Current-mode logic (CML) was used to implement static divide-by-two and divide-by-four circuits. The divide-by-two circuit operated at 15 GHz with 82-mW power dissipation for the single flip-flop. The divide-by-four circuit operated at 14.5 GHz with a total chip power dissipation of 444 mW. <<ETX>>
Designing and implementation of a real time virtual laboratory based on multi-agents system

E-learning refers to the way to deliver learning content by means of computer technology. E-learning is classified to synchronous and asynchronous; each has its advantages and disadvantages. Virtual lab is an example of an e-learning and it's a simulated environment which enables students and professionals to do the exercises. The aim of this research is to design and implement an architecture of virtual lab based on multi-agents system. The multi-agent system overcomes some limitations of the well known server-client model. Using multi-agents based virtual lab system provides an adaptable, interactive, extensible, distributed, collaborative virtual lab system to effectively realize the learning anytime and anywhere to our approach.