Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
White-box Implementation of Stream Cipher

White-box cryptography is a software obfuscation technique for cryptography implementation. It can protect the secret key even if an attacker has full access and control over the cryptosystem implementation and its execution platform. There have been several proposals for a white-box implementation of cryptography. We propose a white-box implementation of a stream cipher that can achieve the same asymptotic performance as the standard implementation. Our black-box implementation of KCipher-2 achieves low storage consumption of no more than 2 megabytes and is suitable for a PC, tablet, and smartphone. On the other hand, we can achieve space hard implementation to protect against a code-lifting attack. Furthermore, the implementation can protect against black-box attacks and a BGE attack.
Multiphase SAR Image Segmentation With $G^{0}$ -Statistical-Model-Based Active Contours

In this paper, we propose a variational multiphase segmentation framework for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images based on the statistical model and active contour methods. The proposed method is inspired by the multiregion level set partition approaches but with two improvements. First, an energy functional which combines the region information and edge information is defined. The regional term is based on the G0 statistical model. The flexibility of G0 distribution makes the proposed approach to segment SAR images of various types. Second, we use fuzzy membership functions to represent the regions. The total variation of the membership functions is used to ensure the regularity. This not just guarantees the energy functional to be convex with respect to the membership functions but also enables us to adopt a fast iteration scheme to solve the minimization problem. The proposed method can segment SAR images of N regions with N - 1 membership functions. The flexibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by experiments on SAR images of different resolutions and scenes. The computational efficiency is also verified by comparing with the level-set-method-based SAR image segmentation approach.
Exact Error Analysis of MPAM Signaling for a Cooperative Diversity System with Correlated Links Using Paired Error Approach

In this letter, we consider an uncoded cooperative diversity system consisting of a source (S), a decode and forward (DF) relay (R), and a destination (D). We assume slow, flat, and correlated Nakagami-m fading environment and employ selection combining (SC) at D. Furthermore, we derive the exact end-to-end symbol error probability (SEP) of this system with M-ary pulse-amplitude modulation (MPAM) signaling using paired error approach. It is found from the numerical results that the SR-RD correlated-channel system performs better than the SD-RD correlated, SD-SR-RD correlated, and uncorrelated-channel systems.
Looking Forward and Looking Backward: Cognitive and Experiential Search

We used computer simulations to examine the role and interrelationship between search processes that are forward-looking, based on actors' cognitive map of action-outcome linkages, and those that are backward-looking, or experience based. Cognition was modeled as a simple, low-dimensional representation of a more complex, higher dimensional fitness landscape. Results show that, although crude, these representations still act as a powerful guide to initial search efforts and usefully constrain the direction of subsequent experiential search. Changing a cognitive representation itself can act as an important mode of adaptation, effectively resulting in the sequential allocation of attention to different facets of the environment. This virtue of shifting cognitive representation, however, may be offset by the loss of tacit knowledge associated with the prior cognition.
Complementary Tasks and the Limits to the Division of Labour

During the recent decades, multitasking has become a more and more common phenomenon at workplaces. Rather than specializing in a job task, workers perform bundles of tasks. Bundling occurs when tasks are complements. Using individual-level data about job tasks, we analyze which tasks are complements. Such intrapersonal task complementarities limit the division of labour as complementary tasks can only be unbundled at a cost (productivity loss). To illustrate this point, we apply our findings to the debate about the offshorability of jobs and show that the number of potentially offshorable jobs is significantly lower when task complementarities are accounted for. We also advance the current literature on offshorability by introducing an indicator at the task-level, rather than the occupation- level.
A CMOS 3-D Imager Based on Single Photon Avalanche Diode

A 64-pixel linear array aimed at 3-D vision applications is implemented in a high-voltage 0.8 mum CMOS technology. The detection of the incident light signals is performed using photodiodes biased above breakdown voltage so that an extremely high sensitivity can be achieved exploiting the intrinsic multiplication effect of the avalanche phenomenon. Each 38times180-mum2 pixel includes, besides the single photon avalanche diode, a dedicated read-out circuit for the arrival-time estimation of incident light pulses. To increase the distance measurement resolution a multiple pulse measurement is used, extracting the mean value of the light pulse arrival-time directly in each pixel; this innovative approach dramatically reduces the dead-time of the pixel read-out, allowing a high frame rate imaging to be achieved. The sensor array provides a range map from 2 m to 5 m with a precision better than plusmn0.75% without any external averaging operation. Moreover, with the same chip, we have explored for the first time the implementation of an indirect time-of-flight measurement by operating the proposed active pixel in the photon counting mode
TLB misses: The Missing Issue of Adaptive Radix Tree?

Efficient main-memory index structures are crucial to main-memory database systems. Adaptive Radix Tree (ART) is the most recent in-memory index structure. ART is designed to avoid cache miss, leverage SIMD data parallelism, minimize branch mis-prediction, and have small memory footprint. When an in-memory index structure like ART has significantly few cache misses and branch mis-predictions, it is natural to question whether misses in Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) matters. In this paper, we try to confirm whether this is the case and if the answer is positive, what are the measures that we can take to alleviate that and how effective they are.
A predictive model of backscattering at subdiffusion length scales

We provide a methodology for accurately predicting elastic backscattering radial distributions from random media with two simple empirical models. We apply these models to predict the backscattering based on two classes of scattering phase functions: the Henyey-Greenstein phase function and a generalized two parameter phase function that is derived from the Whittle-Matérn correlation function. We demonstrate that the model has excellent agreement over all length scales and has less than 1% error for backscattering at subdiffusion length scales for tissue-relevant optical properties. The presented model is the first available approach for accurately predicting backscattering at length scales significantly smaller than the transport mean free path.
Experience and Expression of Emotion in Social Anhedonia: An Examination of Film-Induced Social Affiliative State in Schizotypy

Title of Dissertation: EXPERIENCE AND EXPRESSION OF EMOTION IN SOCIAL ANHEDONIA: AN EXAMINATION OF FILM-INDUCED SOCIAL AFFILIATIVE STATE IN SCHIZOTYPY Winnie W. Leung, Doctor of Philosophy, 2006 Dissertation directed by: Professor Jack J. Blanchard Department of Psychology Social anhedonia is an important feature of schizophrenia and it is a promising indicator of schizotypy. Although social anhedonia is defined as an affective construct (less pleasure derived from social encounters), little is actually known about the affective correlates of social anhedonia. Prior laboratory research is limited in that no prior study has used affiliative social stimuli in examining affective reactions associated with anhedonia. This study sought to extend prior research through an examination of the expression and experience of emotion in social anhedonics by using a novel social affiliative film stimulus. After screening a large sample of female undergraduate students (N = 1,085), a cohort of psychometrically identified social anhedonics (n = 34) and normally hedonic controls (n = 45) participated in laboratory assessments involving trait affectivity, self-reported dispositional emotional expressiveness, and the expression and experience of emotion in response to neutral, non-affiliative (i.e., comedy) and affiliative film clips. Results showed that social anhedonics have lower trait positive affect compared to controls, but there were no group differences in trait negative affect. At baseline, social anhedonics reported lower state positive affect and less warmth and affection compared to controls, but there were no group differences in state negative affect. Social anhedonics also reported the disposition to be less expressive. Consistent with their reports of attenuated emotional experience and expression outside of the laboratory, social anhedonics reported less positive affect and displayed less facial expressions in response to affect eliciting films in the laboratory. Social anhedonics, however, did not report less warmth and affection across the films as compared to controls. Additionally, social anhedonics did not report less positive emotions or warmth and affection in response to the affiliative film, as compared to the non-affiliative (i.e., comedy) film. Implications and study limitations are discussed. EXPERIENCE AND EXPRESSION OF EMOTION IN SOCIAL ANHEDONIA: AN EXAMINATION OF FILM-INDUCED SOCIAL AFFILIATIVE STATE IN SCHIZOTYPY
Approximate membership localization (AML) for web-based join

In this paper, we propose a search-based approach to join two tables in the absence of clean join attributes. Non-structured documents from the web are used to express the correlations between a given query and a reference list. To implement this approach, a major challenge we meet is how to efficiently determine the number of times and the locations of each clean reference from the reference list that is approximately mentioned in the retrieved documents. We formalize the Approximate Membership Localization (AML) problem and propose an efficient partial pruning algorithm to solve it. A study using real-word data sets demonstrates the effectiveness of our search-based approach, and the efficiency of our AML algorithm.
Functional independence measure at rehabilitation admission as a predictor of return to driving after traumatic brain injury

Abstract Objective: To examine the utility of three common measures as predictors of return to driving after traumatic brain injury (TBI): Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) within the first 24 hours of injury and both Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Disability Rating Scale (DRS) at rehabilitation admission. Methods: Seventy-two participants with TBI completed a questionnaire that assessed return to driving post-TBI, as measured by reinstatement of the driver’s license. Participants who did not return to driving for non-medical reasons or who had not driven pre-injury and did not obtain a driver’s license post-injury were excluded from analysis. This produced a final sample of 59 participants. Scores on GCS, FIM and DRS, leveraged from an existing database, were compared between participants who had and those who had not returned to driving post-injury. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of each predictor variable to return to driving. Results: Only the FIM score at rehabilitation admission was significantly associated with return to driving (p < 0.01). FIM score had a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 73% with respect to return to driving. Conclusions: This study supports the use of FIM at rehabilitation admission as a predictor of return to driving. Future studies should be directed at identifying other measures to be used in combination with FIM to accurately predict return to driving post-TBI.
On the multiple-access capability of a shared Rayleigh wireless channel with binary feedback

In this paper we consider the capacity of a Rayliegh faded wireless channel that is shared by K independent transmitter-receiver pairs. No cooperation is assumed between the different pairs. We examine the possible gain in the sum rate capacity when a binary side information is passed by each receiver to its corresponding transmitter on whether the instantaneous local signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) is greater or less than a given threshold, and transmitters adapt their transmission power accordingly. It is shown that a substantial improvement in the channel capacity can be achieved by using this "opportunistic" transmission strategy. Our numerical results reveal that the total sum capacity increases linearly with the logarithm of the number of users sharing the channels.
Shallow Discourse Genre Annotation in CallHome Spanish

The classification of speech genre is not yet an established task in language technologies. However we believe that it is a task that will become fairly important as large amounts of audio (and video) data become widely available. The technological cability to easily transmit and store all human interactions in audio and video could have a radical impact on our social structure. The major open question is how this information can be used in practical and beneficial ways. As a first approach to this question we are looking at issues involving information access to databases of human-human interactions. Classification by genre is a first step in the process of retrieving a document out of a large collection. In this paper we introduce a local notion of speech activities that are exist side-by-side in conversations that belong to speech-genre: While the genre of CallHome Spanish is personal telephone calls between family members the actual instances of these calls contain activities such as storytelling, advising, interrogation and so forth. We are presenting experimental work on the detection of those activities using a variety of features. We have also observed that a limited number of distinguised activities can be defined that describes most of the activities in this database in a precise way. Proceedings of the Second International Conference On Language Ressources And Evaluation, LREC 2000, Athens, Greece, 31st May-2nd June 2000
Tumor necrosis factor-α antibodies (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab) in Crohn's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction This meta-analysis compares the effectiveness and safety of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antibodies (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab) with either a placebo or each of them in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). Material and methods A systematic review of literature published up to November 2012 was performed and a meta-analysis of identified studies was carried out. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and others. Only randomized or clinical controlled trials were included. Results Nineteen clinical trials fulfilled the established criteria (5 studies for infliximab vs. placebo, 6 for each adalimumab or certolizumab vs. placebo and 2 comparing infliximab with adalimumab). The results of meta-analysis showed that anti-TNF therapy in patients with CD is safe and statistically significantly more effective when compared with the placebo for induction of remission at week 4 (RB = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.55–2.33, p < 0.00001), maintenance of remission at weeks 20–30 (RB = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.61–2.15, p < 0.00001) and at weeks 48–56 (RB = 2.75, 95% CI: 2.13–3.54, p < 0.00001) in patients who responded to the induction therapy and patients randomized before the induction. Anti-TNF agents were also superior to the placebo in fistula healing (during short-term induction, as well as long-term maintenance) and inducing CR-70 but not CR-100 at week 4. Moreover, the anti-TNF therapy had a significant effect on achieving both CR-70 and CR-100 during long-term maintenance. Conclusions Infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab are effective as both induction and maintenance therapy in moderate to severe Crohn's disease in adults, including patients with fistulas. The safety profile was acceptable.
A new species of Cordyligaster Macquart, reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica

Abstract We describe a new species of Cordyligaster Macquart (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica. Cordyligaster capellii sp. n. , is described and photographed. All specimens of C. capellii were reared from Syngamia florella (Stoll, 1781) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae), a leaf-rolling caterpillar collected in ACG rain forest. By coupling morphology, photographic documentation, life history and molecular data, we provide a clear and concise description of this new species. In addition the authors provide new distribution and host records for C. fuscipennis (Macquart) reared in ACG.
Evaluating scheduling strategies in LOD based application

In this paper, we have evaluated the effectiveness of scheduling strategies in Linked Open Data based application for keeping local data caches up-to-date. We argue that the healthcare organizations are publishing data publicly, but consuming of data is difficult due to rapid growth of the linked data cloud. Most of the applications that are consuming linked data suffer from challenges such as change estimation and accuracy of index for keeping the data fresh for visualization. In this work, we have evaluated the quality of the data updates performed by the scheduling strategies. We have implemented the state-of-the-art web scheduling approaches; ChangeRatio and ChangeRate on linked dataset. We have concluded our evaluation that the strategies based on ChangeRate performed better than the ChangeRatio.
Model adaptation of factorial HMMS for multipitch tracking

Factorial hidden Markov models (FHMMs) are used for tracking the pitch of two interacting speakers [1]. In this statistical approach, the characteristics of each speaker are captured by pre-trained models. Speaker models that match the test conditions well allow for high tracking performance, however the availability of such models is unrealistic. To extend the applicabiliy of the FHMM framework, we develop an EM-like iterative adaptation algorithm which is capable to adapt the model parameters to the specific situation, e.g. acoustic channel, using only speech mixture data. Model adaptation is empirically evaluated using real room recordings of mixture utterances from the GRID corpus.
Overview of Security Threats for Smart Cards in the Public Transport Industry

The advantages of utilising smart card technology, more importantly contactless smart cards, in the transport industry have long been realised. In this paper we provide an overview of the generic security issues and threats encountered whenever smart cards are utilised within the transport industry. To help highlight the issues, we analyse the different types of cards, their hosted applications, along with certain requirements on the relevant card issuing authorities.
Ethyl 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-p-tolyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H20N2O3, contains two molecules (A and B) with slightly different orientations of the ethyl groups with respect to the attached carboxylate groups. Intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(8) ring motifs in both molecules A and B. In each molecule, the benzimidazole ring system is essentially planar, with maximum deviations of 0.023 (1) and 0.020 (1) Å, respectively, for molecules A and B. The dihedral angle between the benzimidazole ring system and the phenyl ring is 37.34 (5)° for molecule A and 42.42 (5)° for molecule B. In the crystal, O—H⋯N and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into [100] columns with a cross-section of two-molecule by two-molecule wide, and further stabilization is provided by weak C—H⋯π and π–π interactions [centroid separations = 3.5207 (7) and 3.6314 (8) Å].
Tasks that Require, or can Benefit from, Matching Blank Nodes

In various domains and cases, we observe the creation and usage of information elements which are unnamed. Such elements do not have a name, or may have a name that is not externally referable (usually meaningless and not persistent over time). This paper discusses why we will never `escape' from the problem of having to construct mappings between such unnamed elements in information systems. Since unnamed elements nowadays occur very often in the framework of the Semantic Web and Linked Data as blank nodes, the paper describes scenarios that can benefit from methods that compute mappings between the unnamed elements. For each scenario, the corresponding bnode matching problem is formally defined. Based on this analysis, we try to reach to more a general formulation of the problem, which can be useful for guiding the required technological advances. To this end, the paper finally discusses methods to realize blank node matching, the implementations that exist, and identifies open issues and challenges.
To be African or not to be: An autoethnographic content analysis of the works of Dr. Asa Grant Hilliard, III (Nana Baffour Amankwatia, II)

TO BE AFRICAN OR NOT TO BE: AN AUTOETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE WORKS OF DR. ASA GRANT HILLIARD, III (NANA BAFFOUR AMANKWATIA, II) by Qiana M. Cutts The purpose of this research was to explore the work of Dr. Asa Grant Hilliard, III (Nana Baffour Amankwatia, II) in three areas: (1) traditional African education and socialization, (2) responsibilities of African teachers, and (3) the need for inter/multicultural teacher education programs. It was also the purpose of this research to explore my African identity development and transformation as I interacted with, studied, and read works by Dr. Hilliard. Data used in the study include a selection of works by Dr. Hilliard, fieldnotes, fieldletters, original poetry and essays, and memory data (St. Pierre, 1997). Qualitative content analysis and autoethnography were combined to present an autoethnographic content analysis (ACA) of Dr. Hilliard’s work. The ACA method is unique to this study and provided a reflexive analysis of documents (Altheide, 1987) complimented by recognition of the events that contributed to my African identification. Findings from the study revealed several major themes in Dr. Hilliard’s work: (a) African socialization to challenge the MAAFA, (b) traditional African education for all children, (c) African teachers as responsible teachers, and (d) teacher education for inter/multicultural perspectives. The final product is an amalgamation of academic and literary writing, and includes poems, vignettes, and autobiographical narratives. TO BE AFRICAN OR NOT TO BE: AN AUTOETHNOGRAPHIC CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE WORKS OF DR. ASA GRANT HILLIARD, III (NANA BAFFOUR AMANKWATIA, II) by Qiana M. Cutts