Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disruption of the SNF1 gene abolishes trehalose utilization in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata

The SNF1 gene product, a serine/threonine protein kinase, is a global regulatory protein which has been isolated from several organisms. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the SNF1 gene product is essential for the derepression of glucose repression since snf1 strains are unable to utilize sucrose, galactose, maltose, melibiose, or nonfermentable carbohydrates. Moreover, the SNF1 gene product was suggested to interact with additional regulatory pathways and to affect the expression of multiple target genes as reflected by the pleiotropic nature of the snf1 mutation. Here we report the characterization of the SNF1 homolog of Candida glabrata, a pathogenic yeast phylogenetically related to S. cerevisiae. The carbon utilization spectrum of C. glabrata is considerably narrower than that of other pathogenic yeasts, and the majority of the strains utilize solely glucose and trehalose from among 20 of the most commonly tested carbohydrates. Disruption of the C. glabrata SNF1 homolog resulted in the loss of the ability to utilize trehalose, indicating that even in an organism with such a limited carbon utilization spectrum, the regulatory mechanism governing catabolic repression is preserved.
PinX1, a Telomere Repeat-binding Factor 1 (TRF1)-interacting Protein, Maintains Telomere Integrity by Modulating TRF1 Homeostasis, the Process in Which Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Plays Dual Roles*

Background: PinX1 interacts with TRF1 and hTERT, but the significance of the physical association is not fully understood. Results: PinX1 is involved in chromosome stability by regulating TRF1 protein stability, and the function of PinX1 is linked to hTERT. Conclusion: PinX1 is functionally connected with hTERT to maintain TRF1 stability. Significance: These findings suggest that a TRF1 turnover mechanism is linked to telomerase. TRF1, a telomere-binding protein, is important for telomere protection and homeostasis. PinX1 interacts with TRF1, but the physiological consequences of their interaction in telomere protection are not yet understood. Here we investigated PinX1 function on TRF1 stability in HeLa cells. PinX1 overexpression stabilized TRF1, but PinX1 depletion by siRNA led to TRF1 degradation, TRF1 ubiquitination, and less TRF1 telomere association. The depletion also induced DNA damage responses at telomeres and chromosome instability. These telomere dysfunctional phenotypes were in fact due to TRF1 deficiency. We also report that hTERT, a catalytic component of telomerase, plays dual roles in the TRF1 steady state pathway. PinX1-mediated TRF1 stability was not observed in hTERT-negative immortal cells, but was pronounced when hTERT was ectopically expressed in the cells, suggesting that hTERT may be needed in the PinX1-mediated TRF1 stability pathway. Interestingly, the knockdown of both PinX1 and hTERT in HeLa cells stabilized TRF1, suppressed DNA damage response activation, and restored chromosome stability. In summary, our findings suggested that PinX1 may maintain telomere integrity by regulating TRF1 stability and that hTERT may act as both a positive and a negative regulator of TRF1 homeostasis in a PinX1-dependent manner.
Quantum Coherence of the Quartet Scheme Observed by Shapiro Resonance Under Radio-Frequency Irradiation in Three Terminal Josephson Junctions

We have investigated three-terminal superconductor (S)-normal metal (N)-superconductor (S) Josephson junctions. In a geometry where a T-shaped normal metal (Cu) is connected to three superconducting reservoirs (Al), new subgap structures appear in the differential resistance when the bias voltages on two of the three terminals compensate each other exactly. These features correspond to the correlated motion of Cooper pairs within the structure. They are consistent with the prediction of quartets formed by the simultaneous splitting of two Cooper pairs at one of the superconducting contacts and the emission of two phase correlated Cooper pairs in the two other electrodes. To test the quantum coherence of such mechanism, we have studied the effect of a radio-frequency irradiation at 14 GHz down to 100 mK. Well known Shapiro steps involving two terminals are measured, and in particular, half-integer steps are observed. This is consistent with the transfer of two Cooper pairs between two terminals. This paper reveals that the quartet resonances also show Shapiro steps in agreement with the quartet mechanism. Our findings confirm the quartet scenario and demonstrate its coherent nature.
An investigation of the role of human resource diversity management on organisational citizenship behaviour from organisational justice and commitment point of view in automotive industry in Iran

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether organisational justice perception and organisational commitment moderates the relationship between diversity management and organisational citizenship behaviour. Findings showed that when effective diversity management practices exist in the areas of compensation, recruitment and selection, employees are likely to engage in more organisational citizenship behaviours. The positive relationship between HRDM practices and organisational justice perception were confirmed. When a company effectively utilised diversity management practices, employees may perceive that decision processes are implemented on non-prejudicial factors, and accordingly, their sense of organisational justice will be enhanced. The positive effects on organisational commitment will be mediated by employee’s perception of organisational justice. The study has significant implications for managers and businesses, whom constantly striving to improve organisational performance through changing .
Linkages between property asset returns and interest rates: evidence for the UK

This paper considers the effect of short- and long-term interest rates, and interest rate spreads upon real estate index returns in the UK. Using Johansen's vector autoregressive framework, it is found that the real estate index cointegrates with the term spread, but not with the short or long rates themselves. Granger causality tests indicate that movements in short term interest rates and the spread cause movements in the returns series. However, decomposition of the forecast error variances from VAR models indicate that changes in these variables can only explain a small proportion of the overall variability of the returns, and that the effect has fully worked through after two months. The results suggest that these financial variables could potentially be used as leading indicators for real estate markets, with corresponding implications for return predictability.
Estimating Potential Output in a Modern Business Cycle Model

We estimate the potential level of output in postwar U.S. data using a modern business cycle model with imperfect competition and nominal rigidities. We show that a benchmark model is able to generate a measure of potential output that shows similarities with trend GDP, and therefore an output gap that is similar to traditional measures of the U.S. business cycle. These estimates are also robust to the specication of the monetary policy rule and the introduction of measurement errors in the estimation of the model. However, minor reinterpretations of the structural shocks in the model have signicant eects on the estimated path of potential output.
Sum-Rate Maximization for Multicell OFDMA Systems

Recently, joint subchannel allocation and (transmission) power control problems for multicell orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems have been actively studied. However, since the problems are notoriously difficult and complex, only heuristic approaches are mainly used to study them, instead of the optimal approach for achieving maximum system capacity. In this paper, we study this problem from the viewpoint of optimal subchannel allocation and power control, aiming at maximizing the sum rate of the multicell OFDMA system. By using a monotonic optimization approach, we develop an algorithm for the optimal subchannel allocation and power control that achieves the maximum sum rate of the system. In addition, we also develop an algorithm that provides both upper and lower bounds on the maximum sum rate of the system with lower computational complexity. To evaluate the tightness of the upper and lower bounds, we also study the conditions when the two bounds are close to each other so that they can be good approximations to the maximum sum rate of the system. Through numerical results, we show that the bounds provide good approximations to the maximum sum rate of the multicell OFDMA system in most cases.
Techniques for Separating Components of Low Relative Molecular Mass in Biological Fluids

The quantitative metabolic profiles of volatilizable components of human biological fluids, particularly urinary organic acids, is reviewed, with emphasis on the use of gas-chromatography/mass spectrometer/computer systems. Various definitions of metabolic profiling are considered and techniques for obtaining such profiles are discussed. The role of computer processing of such data is examined, and statistical techniques for treating quantitative metabolic profiles are suggested.
The Hidden Costs of Nudging: Experimental Evidence from Reminders in Fundraising

We document the hidden costs of one of the most policy-relevant nudges, reminders. Sending reminders, while proven effective in facilitating behavior change, may come at a cost for both senders and receivers. Using a large scale field experiment with a charity, we find that reminders increase donations, but they also substantially increase unsubscriptions from the mailing list. To understand this novel finding, we develop a dynamic model of donation and unsubscription behavior with limited attention which is tested in reduced-form using a second field experiment. We also estimate our model structurally to perform a welfare analysis, showing that reminders are welfare diminishing for the potential donors as non-givers incur a welfare loss of $2.35 for every reminder. The net benefit of every reminder to the charity is $0.18. Our evaluation shows the need to evaluate nudges on their intended as well as unintended consequences.
What makes rural finance institutions successful

Providing affordable credit to the rural population has long been a prime component of development strategy. Governments and donors have sponsored and supported supply-led rural finance institutions both to improve growth and equity and to neutralize or mitigate urban-biased macroeconomic policies. But because of high risks, heavy transaction costs, and mounting loan losses, many of the programs have drained state resources to little purpose, reaching only a small part of the rural population and making little progress toward self-sustainability. There are, however, a few success stories. This article reviews the policies, modes of operation, incentives, and financial performance of four publicly sponsored programs in Asia that are widely perceived to be successful, to find out what economic, social, and institutional factors contribute to their success.
Skin sheds as a useful DNA source for lizard conservation

Project funds were provided by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PPOOP3_128375, PP00P3_152929/1 to P.S.F.) and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (CGL2012-32459 to P.S.F.). J.L. H. was supported by a Marie Curie-Clarin CoFund grant (ACA14-26). The study conducted complies with the current Spanish laws and with ASAB/ ABS Guidelines for the Treatment of Animals in Behavioural Research. The authors declare that VJG[JCXGPQEQPƀKEVQHKPVGTGUV%CRVWTGRGTOKVU were provided by the Prefet de la Region MidiPyrenees, Parc National des Pyrenees, Gobierno de Aragon.
The Effectiveness of Anti-Smoking Legislation: A Review

This survey focuses on government efforts to curb the use of undesirable goods, notably tobacco products. We synthesize the economics literature and examine the effectiveness of government curbs on tobacco consumption through non-price controls "such as bans on cigarette advertising, health warnings, and workplace smoking bans" and price measures "or higher prices through higher taxes". This literature review is unique in that we do not merely aim to provide a summary of the literature. Rather, our main focus is to draw conclusions from the literature regarding the effectiveness of alternate policy measures across countries in checking smoking and to provide directionsssuggestions for extending the scope of government intervention to other tobacco products. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2006.
New combinations of plant-associated fungi resulting from the change to one name for fungi

In advancing to one scientific name for each fungus species, a number of name changes are required especially for plant-associated fungi. These include species names that are not in the correct genus. For example, the generic name Elsinoë is used for fungi causing scab diseases but a number of these species were described in the asexually typified genus Sphaceloma and must be placed in Elsinoë. In other cases species names were determined to be unrelated to the type species of the genus in which they are currently placed and are placed in a more appropriate genus. For each new name the history, rationale and importance of the name is discussed. The following new combinations are made: Acanthohelicospora aurea, A. scopula, Bifusella ahmadii, Botryobasidium capitatum, B. rubiginosum, Colletotrichum magnum, Crandallia acuminata, C. antarctica, Elsinoë arachadis, E. freyliniae, E. necator, E. perseae, E. poinsettiae, E. punicae, Entyloma gibbum, Harknessia farinosa, Passalora alocasiae, Protoventuria veronicae, Pseudocercosporella ranunculi, Psiloglonium stygium, Ramularia pseudomaculiformis, Seimatosporium tostum, Thielaviopsis radicicola combs. nov., and Venturia effusa.
Imaging of the Lungs in Organ Donors and its Clinical Relevance: A Retrospective Analysis

Purpose: The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic imaging that potential lung donors undergo, the reader variability of image interpretation and its relevance for donation, and the potential information gained from imaging studies not primarily intended for lung evaluation but partially including them. Materials and Methods: Bedside chest radiography and computed tomography (CT), completely or incompletely including the lungs, of 110 brain-dead potential organ donors in a single institution during 2007 to 2014 were reviewed from a donation perspective. Two chest radiologists in consensus analyzed catheters and cardiovascular, parenchymal, and pleural findings. Clinical reports and study review were compared for substantial differences in findings that could have led to a treatment change, triggered additional examinations such as bronchoscopy, or were considered important for donation. Results: Among 136 bedside chest radiographs, no differences between clinical reports and study reviews were found in 37 (27%), minor differences were found in 28 (21%), and substantial differences were found in 71 (52%) examinations (P<0.0001). In 31 of 42 (74%) complete or incomplete CT examinations, 50 of 74 findings with relevance for lung donation were not primarily reported (P<0.0001). Conclusions: The majority of donor patients undergo only chest radiography. A targeted imaging review of abnormalities affecting the decision to use donor lungs may be useful in the preoperative stage. With a targeted list, substantial changes were made from initial clinical interpretations. CT can provide valuable information on donor lung pathology, even if the lungs are only partially imaged.
Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty Versus Penetrating Keratoplasty: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) compared with penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for patients who had corneal stromal pathologies without endothelial abnormalities. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis using databases including PUBMED, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov to find relevant randomized controlled trials. Efficacy parameters were the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity, uncorrected visual acuity, and refractive error. Safety parameters were postoperative endothelial cell loss and graft rejection. Results: Five randomized controlled trials were selected for this meta-analysis, including 409 eyes (217 eyes in the DALK group and 192 eyes in the PK group). Postoperative logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution BCVA and UCVA were significantly better for PK than that for DALK [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01–0.07, P = 0.005 and WMD = 0.12, 95% CI, 0.05–0.18, P = 0.0007, respectively], whereas, the proportion of patients whose postoperative best-corrected visual acuity ≥20/40 did not differ statistically [risk ratio (RR) = 0.97, 95% CI, 0.89–1.07, P = 0.57]. There were no significant differences in terms of refractive error either by spherical equivalent or astigmatism (P = 0.11 and P = 0.25, respectively). The endothelial cell loss percentage in the PK group was significantly higher compared with the DALK group (WMD = −8.75, 95% CI, −15.25 to −2.25, P = 0.008). The DALK group was associated with a significantly lower frequency of graft rejection and endothelial rejection than the PK group (RR = 0.48, 95% CI, 0.28–0.82, P = 0.007 and RR = 0.07, 95% CI, 0.01–0.35, P = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: DALK is an alternative surgical procedure for corneal stromal pathologies without endothelial abnormalities, with lower efficacy but better safety.
The critical-size supraalveolar peri-implant defect model: characteristics and use.

OBJECTIVE Novel implant technologies and reconstructive therapies for alveolar augmentation require pre-clinical evaluation to estimate their biologic potential, efficacy, and safety before clinical application. The objective of this report is to present characteristics and use of the critical-size, supraalveolar, peri-implant defect model. METHODS Bilateral extraction of the mandibular premolars was performed in 12 Hound Labrador mongrel dogs following horizontal surgical cut-down of the alveolar ridge approximating 6 mm. Each jaw quadrant received three custom-produced TiUnite, phi 4.0 x 10 mm threaded implants placed into osteotomies prepared into the extraction sites of the third and fourth premolars. The implants exhibited a reference notch 5 mm from the implant platform to facilitate surgical placement leaving 5 mm of the implant in a supraalveolar position, and to serve as a reference point in the radiographic, histologic and histometric analysis. The implants were submerged under the mucoperiosteal flaps for primary intention healing. Fluorescent bone markers were administered at weeks 3 and 4 post-surgery, and pre-euthanasia. The animals were euthanized following an 8-week healing interval when block biopsies were collected for analysis. RESULTS Healing was generally uneventful. The radiographic and histometric evaluations demonstrate the limited osteogenic potential of this defect model. Whereas lingual peri-implant sites exhibited a mean (+/-SE) bone gain of 0.4+/-0.1 mm, resorption of the buccal crestal plate resulted in a mean bone loss of 0.4+/-0.2 mm for an overall osteogenic potential following sham-surgery averaging 0.0+/-0.1 mm. Overall bone density and bone-implant contact in the contiguous resident bone averaged 79.1+/-1.1% and 76.9+/-2.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the critical-size, supraalveolar, peri-implant defect model appears a rigorous tool in the evaluation of candidate technologies for alveolar reconstruction and osseointegration of endosseous oral implants. Limited innate osteogenic potential allows critical evaluation of osteogenic, osteoconductive, or osteoinductive technologies in a challenging clinical setting.
Optimal stock option schemes for managers

This paper analyzes which stock option scheme best aligns the interests of a firm’s manager and shareholders when both are risk-averse. We consider granting to the manager a basic fixed salary and one of the following four options: European, Parisian, Asian and American options. Choosing the strike of the options optimally, the shareholders can mostly implement a first best solution with all payoff schemes. The American option scheme best aligns the interests of the manager and the shareholders in the most common case in which the strike price equals the grant-date fair market value.
CO2 production in animals: analysis of potential errors in the doubly labeled water method.

production are accurate to within &80/c in nine species of mamsumptions associated with this method that, if invalid, mals and reptiles, a bird, and an insect. However, in field could cause errors in calculated metabolic rates. These studies, errors can be much larger under certain circumstances. assumptions, as listed by Lifson and McClintock (16) are: Isotopic fraction of labeled water can cause large errors in I) body water volume remains constant during the measanimals whose evaporative water loss comprises a major prourement period, 2) rates of water flux and CO2 production portion of total water efflux. Input of CO2 across lungs and skin are constant through time, 3) the isotopes label only the caused errors exceeding +80’S in kangaroo rats exposed to air Hz0 and CO* in the body, 4) the isotopes leave the body containing 3.4% unlabeled CO? Analytical errors of HYo in isot,ope concentrations can cause calculated rates of COY proonly as Hz0 and COZ, 5) the specific activities of the
Polyclonal haemopoieses associated with long‐term persistence of the AML1‐ETO transcript in patients with FAB M2 acute myeloid leukaemia in continous clinical remission

Summary. The t(8;21) (q22;q22) translocation is a recurring chromosomal abnormality observed in about 20‐40% of AML patients with subtype FAB M2 (AML‐M2). The molecular facet of this translocation is represented by the formation of a new hybrid gene, the AML1‐ETO, which is regularly transcribed in a chimaeric mRNA and translated into a new fusion protein believed to have a key role in the pathogenesis of this type of leukaemia. We looked for the presence of AML1‐ETO transcripts, by RT‐PCR, in 49 unselected patients affected by AML‐M2 diagnosed at various Italian Institutions. A hybrid transcript was detected in 11 cases (23%). Minimal residual disease status was investigated in three patients in continuous complete remission (CCR) after a median follow‐up of 44 months; at least one sample from each subject was found positive for the AML1‐ETO transcript suggesting a long‐term persistence of t(8;21) leukaemic cells.
Switchable matched band-stop filter for high power interference mitigation

This paper describes an investigation into a novel miniaturized microwave matched band-stop filter with pseudo-infinite attenuation for the enhancement of wireless link on floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels. The proposed method is capable to produce almost infinite attenuation even with very low Q resonator and is suitably used to suppress very high power interference signal. Another important feature of the filter is that it possesses matching response at all frequency. The solution can be easily integrated with the existing system with minimum cost and more importantly without interrupting the service. Furthermore, the filter can be switched to exhibit an all pass response by turning "OFF" the PIN diodes incorporated into the filter topology. An experimental prototype will be demonstrated for the proof-of-concept.