Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Logical Account for Linear Partial Differential Equations

Differential Linear Logic (DiLL), introduced by Ehrhard and Regnier, extends linear logic with a notion of linear approximation of proofs. While DiLL is classical logic, i.e. has an involutive negation, classical denotational models of it in which this notion of differentiation corresponds to the usual one, defined on any smooth function, were missing. We solve this issue by constructing a model of it based on nuclear topological vector spaces and distributions with compact support. This interpretation sheds a new light on the rules of DiLL, as we are able to understand them as the computational principles for the resolution of Linear Partial Differential Equations. We thus introduce D-DiLL, a deterministic refinement of DiLL with a D-exponential, for which we exhibit a cut-elimination procedure, and a categorical semantics. When D is a Linear Partial Differential Operator with constant coefficients, then the D-exponential is interpreted as the space of generalised functions ψ solutions to Dψ = φ. The logical inference rules represents the computational steps for the construction of the solution φ. We recover linear logic and its differential extension DiLL particular case.
2D numerical analysis of a cantilever retaining wall backfilled with sand–tire chips mixtures

Abstract Previous research has shown that the backfill behind a retaining wall can be constructed with sand–tire chips (STC) mixture; this can lead to reduced horizontal displacements and earth pressures on the structure and allows lower design requirements, which implies lesser dimensions of the retaining wall. In this paper, the performance and stability of a cantilever retaining wall (CRW) with different STC mixtures, as lightweight backfill materials, were evaluated and analyzed numerically using the finite element software, RS2. The elastic parameters of the STC mixtures were computed using homogenization techniques, and the other engineering properties were obtained based on published literature. The results show that total displacement, vertical displacement, lateral pressures, lateral displacements, maximum shear forces and maximum bending moments are reduced considerably, and global stability of the retaining wall is enhanced when STC mixtures are used instead of sand alone. The mixture with the best overall mechanical behaviour was the one with a tire chips/sand ratio of 66.54/33.46 by weight or 81/19 by volume is used compared to the other mixing ratios.
Time-Sensitive Networking for robotics

We argue that Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) will become the de facto standard for real-time communications in robotics. We present a review and classification of the different communication standards which are relevant for the field and introduce the typical problems with traditional switched Ethernet networks. We discuss some of the TSN features relevant for deterministic communications and evaluate experimentally one of the shaping mechanisms in an exemplary robotic scenario. In particular, and based on our results, we claim that many of the existing real-time industrial solutions will slowly be replaced by TSN. And that this will lead towards a unified landscape of physically interoperable robot and robot components.
Outage probability of MIMO relaying full-duplex system with wireless information and power transfer

In this paper, we consider a full duplex relaying multi input multi output (MIMO) system where the relay has no fixed energy supply but replenishes energy from radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted from source. At the transmitter, transmit antenna selection (TAS) and maximal ratio transmission (MRT) are employed. Whereas, at the second hop, both selection combining (SC) and maximal ratio combining (MRC) techniques are used. In addition, the decode-and-forward relaying protocol is applied. We derive the expressions of outage probability (OP) of the simultaneous information and energy transfer in Rayleigh fading relay channel. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the validity of our analysis and to show the advantages of full duplex relaying MIMO system.
Musical Onset Detection using MPEG-7 Audio Descriptors

An onset detection system that exploits MPEG-7 audio descriptors is proposed in this paper, with investigations into the feasibility of MPEG-7 based onset detection performed across a diverse database of music. Detection functions were developed from both individual MPEG-7 descriptors and combinations of descriptors (joint detection functions). The results indicated that individual descriptors could achieve respectable detection performance (maximum F-measure of 0.753) with basic waveform features. Average detection performance could be improved by up to 11.2%, however, when joint detection functions were comprised of diverse combinations of MPEG-7 descriptors. This may be attributed to the increased capability of detection functions, composed of different spectral and temporal features, in capturing the variation in onset characteristics from different musical styles. It is thus concluded that the proposed onset detection system could be plausibly integrated into an existing MPEG-7 audio analysis system with minimal computational overhead.
Fractional CO2 laser treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms and vaginal rejuvenation in perimenopausal women

Background This study investigated a novel fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser for treatment of symptoms associated with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) in perimenopausal women. Methods The study included 21 perimenopausal women (mean age 45±7 years) treated three times by CO2 laser resurfacing and coagulation of the vaginal canal tissue and mucosal tissue of the introitus. Vaginal health index (VHI) scores were computed by the investigator at baseline and follow-ups. Subjects reported on sexual function, satisfaction, and improvement with treatment. A visual analog scale was used to measure discomfort with treatment. Results Vaginal health and subject assessment of vaginal symptoms improved with successive treatments. At 12 weeks following the third treatment, 82% of the patients showed a statistically significant improvement in VHI (P<0.05). Additionally, 81% of subjects reported improvement in sexual gratification, 94% reported improvement in vaginal rejuvenation, and 100% reported satisfaction with treatment. VHI improvement remained significant at 6–8 months after treatments (P<0.01). Most patients (97%) reported no to mild discomfort with treatment. Responses were mild and transient following treatment, with itching being the most commonly reported (20%) side effect. Conclusion In this study, fractional CO2 laser treatment was associated with improvement of vaginal health and amelioration of symptoms of VVA, resulting in improved sexual function in perimenopausal women. Treatment time was quick, and there was minimal discomfort associated with treatment. Investigation of clinical outcome in a larger study population is warranted.
Incidence of superficial venous thrombosis in primary care and risk of subsequent venous thromboembolic sequelae: a retrospective cohort study performed with routine healthcare data from the Netherlands

Objectives Recent studies in referred populations of patients with superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) report risks of venous thromboembolic (VTE) sequelae (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) as high as 25%. Likely, these estimates are lower in non-referred patients, but large-scale population-based studies are lacking. We aimed to estimate the incidence rate of SVT in primary care and quantify its risk of VTE sequelae. Design A retrospective cohort study, using International Classification of Primary Care coding (K94.02) combined with free text searching (synonyms for SVT) to capture all SVT events. All patients were followed up for 3 months using manual free text searching. Setting Primary care. Participants All patients enlisted with general practitioners within the Utrecht General Practitioner Network between 2010 and 2016 (1 534 845 person-years follow-up). Main outcome measures The incidence rate of SVT was expressed as the number of SVT events per 1000 person-years of follow-up and the 3-month cumulative incidence of VTE events was calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare patients with SVT with and without VTE sequelae. Results A total of 2008 SVT cases were identified, that is, an SVT incidence rate of 1.31 (95% CI 1.25 to 1.37) per 1000 person-years follow-up, with higher rates notably with increasing age. VTE sequelae occurred in 83 patients; 51 at the time of SVT diagnosis and 32 patients during follow-up (total cumulative incidence of 4.1%; 95% CI 3.3% to 5.1%), and were more frequent in those with an active malignancy (OR 2.19; 95% 0.97 to 4.95) and less frequent in those with varicose veins at baseline (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.94). Conclusion We found an incidence rate of SVT in primary care of 1.31 per 1000 person-years. The risks of VTE sequelae was relatively low at 4.1%, with the highest risk in patients with cancer and in those who experience an SVT in the absence of varicose veins.
Mechanical Property Testing of Hydrogenated Zirconium Irradiated with Electrons

The mechanical properties of the hydrogenated zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb are studied under different conditions for hydrogen removal by an electron beam and thermal heating. The mechanical testing of zirconium samples is analyzed during hydrogenation and irradiation with a low energy electron beam. The plasticity of the samples is shown to be increased during the radiation stimulation of hydrogen removal from zirconium by even a weak electron beam. In this case, the tensile strength (ultimate strength) is practically not changed.
Eating behaviour and eating disorders in students of nutrition sciences

Abstract Objective Sometimes the suspicion is put forward that nutrition students show more disordered eating patterns, which may be among the motivating factors to study nutrition. At the same time, it is not clear whether the students’ increasing knowledge about diet and nutrition is associated with a more healthy eating behaviour or with an unhealthy obsession with food choices. Design Cross-sectional comparison of nutrition students from German universities during the first year of their studies (n 123) and during higher semesters (n 96), with a control group from other study programmes (n 68 and n 46, respectively). Dietary restraint, disinhibition, the tendency towards orthorexia nervosa and healthy food choices were assessed using a questionnaire. Results Nutrition students showed higher levels of dietary restraint than the control group. Disinhibition and orthorexia nervosa did not differ between nutrition students and controls. Orthorexic tendencies were lower in the more advanced nutrition students. Healthy food choices did not differ among students in the first year. More advanced nutrition students showed healthier food choices, whereas the corresponding controls showed slightly more unhealthy food choices. Conclusions Nutrition students, more than other students, tend to restrict their food intake in order to control their weight, but they do not have more disturbed or disordered eating patterns than other students. Moreover, during the course of their studies, they adopt slightly more healthy food choices and decrease their tendency to be obsessive in their eating behaviour.
The Genetic and Environmental Foundations of Political, Psychological, Social, and Economic Behaviors: A Panel Study of Twins and Families

Here we introduce the Genetic and Environmental Foundations of Political and Economic Behaviors: A Panel Study of Twins and Families (PIs Alford, Hatemi, Hibbing, Martin, and Smith). This study was designed to explore the genetic and environmental influences on social, economic, and political behaviors and attitudes. It involves identifying the psychological mechanisms that operate on these traits, the heritability of complex economic and political traits under varying conditions, and specific genetic correlates of attitudes and behaviors. In addition to describing the study, we conduct novel analyses on the data, estimating the heritability of two traits so far unexplored in the extant literature: Machiavellianism and Baron-Cohen's Empathizing Quotient.
A novel nanobody specific for respiratory surfactant protein A has potential for lung targeting

Lung-targeting drugs are thought to be potential therapies of refractory lung diseases by maximizing local drug concentrations in the lung to avoid systemic circulation. However, a major limitation in developing lung-targeted drugs is the acquirement of lung-specific ligands. Pulmonary surfactant protein A (SPA) is predominantly synthesized by type II alveolar epithelial cells, and may serve as a potential lung-targeting ligand. Here, we generated recombinant rat pulmonary SPA (rSPA) as an antigen and immunized an alpaca to produce two nanobodies (the smallest naturally occurring antibodies) specific for rSPA, designated Nb6 and Nb17. To assess these nanobodies’ potential for lung targeting, we evaluated their specificity to lung tissue and toxicity in mice. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that these anti-rSPA nanobodies selectively bound to rat lungs with high affinity. Furthermore, we intravenously injected fluorescein isothiocyanate-Nb17 in nude mice and observed its preferential accumulation in the lung to other tissues, suggesting high affinity of the nanobody for the lung. Studying acute and chronic toxicity of Nb17 revealed its safety in rats without causing apparent histological alterations. Collectively, we have generated and characterized lung-specific nanobodies, which may be applicable for lung drug delivery.
Structural dynamics modeling and experimental study of axially precompressed piezoelectric bimorph

Piezoelectric bimorph has many advantages such as light weight, small volume and no electromagnetic interference. It has a very significant advantage in the application of MAV and intelligent ammunition rudder control. The axial force can effectively improve the output performance and the electromechanical conversion efficiency of the bimorph. In order to provide theoretical basis for structural design and parameter optimization of axial compression bimorph, based on the assumption of Bernoulli-Euler beam, a structural dynamic model of axial compression bimorph was established based on Hamiltonian principle. Then, the static deformation, the natural vibration, the amplitude-frequency characteristic and the buckling critical load of the bimorph were deduced. Then the calculated results of the above model were compared with ANSYS simulation results and test results to verify the accuracy of the model.
FIR haplodeficiency promotes splicing to pyruvate kinase M2 in mice thymic lymphoma tissues revealed by six-plex tandem mass tag quantitative proteomic analysis

The switch of pyruvate kinase (PK) M1 to PKM2 is pivotal for glucose metabolism in cancers. The PKM1/M2 shift is controlled by the alternative splicing of two mutually exclusive exons in the PKM gene. PKM1 is expressed in differentiated tissues, whereas PKM2 is expressed in cancer tissues. This study revealed that the haplodeficiency of FUSE-binding protein (FBP)-interacting repressor (FIR), a transcriptional repressor of the c-myc gene, contributed to the splicing of PKM1 to PKM2 in mice thymic lymphoma and/or T-cell type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) using six-plex tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomic analysis. TMT revealed 648 proteins that were up- or downregulated in mice thymic lymphoma tissues compared with wild type mouse. These proteins included transcription factors and proteins involved in DNA damage repair, DNA replication, T-cell activation/proliferation, apoptosis, etc. Among them, PKM2 protein, but not PKM1, was upregulated in the thymic lymphoma as well as T-ALL. Using qRT-PCR, we revealed that the activation of PKM2 mRNA was higher in thymic lymphoma cells of FIR+/−TP53−/− mice than that in control lymphocytes of FIR+/+TP53−/− sorted by flow cytometry. FIR knockdown by siRNA suppressed hnRNPA1 expression in HeLa cells. These results indicated that FIR haplodeficiency contributes the alternative splicing of PKM1 to PKM2 by partly inhibiting hnRNPA1 expression in the thymic lymphoma cells prior to T-ALL. Taken together, our findings suggest that FIR and its related spliceosomes are potential therapeutic targets for cancers, including T-ALL.
Computer Analysis of Thermomechanical State of Sealing Steel Lining for Containment of NPPs with VVER-1000/V-320 in Emergencies

Computer analysis of thermomechanical state of the sealing steel lining under relevant extreme hazards has been performed to define the possibility and scope of loss of integrity of sealing steel lining, in particular the possibility of losing of the confining function by the NPP reactor compartment containment under emergency conditions. The study gave an opportunity to obtain functions of stress strain parameter evolution function in reinforced concrete and sealing steel lining depending on changes in emergency temperature and pressure in the reactor compartment. The paper assessed the margin of sealing steel lining bearing capacity.
Multivalent Dendritic Molecules as Broad Spectrum Bacteria Agglutination Agents

This study reports the first set of synthetic molecules that act as broad spectrum agglutination agents and thus are complementary to the specific targeting of antibodies. The molecules have dendritic architecture and contain multiple copies of zinc(II)-dipicolylamine (ZnDPA) units that have selective affinity for the bacterial cell envelope. A series of molecular structures were evaluated, with the number of appended ZnDPA units ranging from four to thirty-two. Agglutination assays showed that the multivalent probes rapidly cross-linked ten different strains of bacteria, regardless of Gram-type and cell morphology. Fluorescence microscopy studies using probes with four ZnDPA units indicated a high selectivity for bacteria agglutination in the presence of mammalian cells and no measurable effect on the health of the cells. The high bacterial selectivity was confirmed by conducting in vivo optical imaging studies of a mouse leg infection model. The results suggest that multivalent ZnDPA molecular probes with dendritic structures have great promise as selective, broad spectrum bacterial agglutination agents for infection imaging and theranostic applications.
Transfer learning on the flattened cortical surface of the human brain

The human cortex changes as we age. Neuroimaging can be used to study agerelated changes in brain structure, providing useful information about the determinants of healthy brain ageing and disease. In particular, recent studies have shown that neuroimaging may be useful for the early identification of age-related neurological disease e.g. Alzheimer’s disease. In this paper, we propose a method for applying transfer learning to neuroimaging (MRI) data for prediction of chronological age. Our method jointly uses an activation map from a pre-trained neural net (Alexnet) in combination with a support vector machine (SVM), to predict chronological age in individuals from a large neuroimaging study (PATH, n=1533). For each individual, a two-dimensional, three-channel feature map was engineered from the MRI scan, reflecting three measures from the flattened cortical surface; cortical thickness, cortical curvature and surface area. The proposed method predicted chronological age with an accuracy of 87%. In comparison, predicting chronological age based on SVM alone resulted in an accuracy of 83%.
Observation of elevated fasting blood glucose and functional outcome after ischemic stroke in patients with and without diabetes

During May 2015 to October 2016, this prospective study enrolled a total of 438 patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS), meanwhile, records regarding the severity of initial stroke and neurological outcomes at three months, as well as other examination were completed in patients on admission, as well as the measurement and evaluation of fasting blood glucose(FBG) levels. At admission, the median FBG levels in patients with a minor stroke (n=124), [P<0.001]) was significantly lower than that observed in patients with other degrees of stroke. The poor functional outcome distribution across the FBG quartiles ranged from 13.8 % (first quartile) to 59.6% (fourth quartile), with P <0.001. Compared with the reference category (first quartile), patients in the highest quartile had a relative risk of 3.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.88-6.15; P<0.001) while those in the second and third quartiles had relative risks of 1.76 (95% CI, 1.21-3.03; P=0.035) and 2.23 (95% CI, 1.50-3.69; P=0.010), respectively. Furthermore, in the patients without diabetes, FBG level was observed to be increased and indicated an increased risk of disability (odds ratio [OR]: 1.30 (95%CI 1.13-1.61), P=0.002), however, similar result was not detected in patients with prior diabetes (P=0.089). In conclusion, elevated FBG levels after stroke may suggest poor functional outcome at 3-month in patients without a previous history of diabetes.
Music Structure Boundaries Estimation Using Multiple Self-Similarity Matrices as Input Depth of Convolutional Neural Networks

In this paper, we propose a new representation as input of a Convolutional Neural Network with the goal of estimating music structure boundaries. For this task, previous works used a network performing the late-fusion of a Mel-scaled log-magnitude spectrogram and a self-similarity-lag-matrix. We propose here to use the squaresub-matrices centered on the main diagonals of several self-similarity-matrices, each one representing a different audio descriptors. We propose to combine them using the depth of the input layer. We show that this representation improves the results over the use of the self-similarity-lag-matrix. We also show that using the depth of the input layer provide a convenient way for early fusion of audio representations.
VoltageIDS: Low-Level Communication Characteristics for Automotive Intrusion Detection System

The proliferation of computerized functions aimed at enhancing drivers’ safety and convenience has increased the number of vehicular attack surfaces accordingly. The fundamental vulnerability is caused by the fact that the controller area network protocol, a de facto standard for in-vehicle networks, does not support message origin authentication. Several methods to resolve this problem have been suggested. However, most of them require modification of the CAN protocol and have their own vulnerabilities. In this paper, we focus on securing in-vehicle CAN networks, proposing a novel automotive intrusion detection system (so-called VoltageIDS). The system leverages the inimitable characteristics of an electrical CAN signal as a fingerprint of the electronic control units. The noteworthy contributions are that VoltageIDS does not require any modification of the current system and has been validated on actual vehicles while driving on the road. VoltageIDS is also the first automotive intrusion detection system capable of distinguishing between errors and the bus-off attack. Our experimental results on a CAN bus prototype and on real vehicles show that VoltageIDS detects intrusions in the in-vehicle CAN network. Moreover, we evaluate VoltageIDS while a vehicle is moving.