Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contribution à la modélisation numérique tridimensionnelle des systèmes électrotechniques : prise en compte des inducteurs

Ainsi, une methode de calcul de la densite de courant, dans l'espace des elements de facettes, est proposee en assurant une divergence nulle. Il s'agit d'une methode basee sur les techniques d'arbre utilisant une procedure iterative qui converge systematiquement. A partir de cette densite de courant, il est possible de determiner un champ source dans l'espace des elements d'aretes en utilisant une technique similaire presentant les memes caracteristiques. Cette methode peut s'appliquer aux formulations de l'electrocinetique, de la magnetostatique et de la magnetodynamique. Cette approche permet egalement d'introduire les champs vecteurs necessaires au couplage avec les equations du circuit electrique. L'influence de l'arbre de facettes et du champ source sur la qualite de solution est etudiee, ainsi que la convergence du gradient conjugue dans le cas des formulations en potentiel vecteur. Enfin, a l'aide des formulations proposees, divers systemes electrotechniques sont modelises. La derniere application concerne une machine a griffes a aimants permanents avec prise en compte du mouvement. Pour cet exemple, on note une bonne concordance entre les resultats de la modelisation et les releves experimentaux.
Crystal structure and functional analysis of Ras binding to its effector phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma.

Ras activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is important for survival of transformed cells. We find that PI3Kgamma is strongly and directly activated by H-Ras G12V in vivo or by GTPgammaS-loaded H-Ras in vitro. We have determined a crystal structure of a PI3Kgamma/Ras.GMPPNP complex. A critical loop in the Ras binding domain positions Ras so that it uses its switch I and switch II regions to bind PI3Kgamma. Mutagenesis shows that interactions with both regions are essential for binding PI3Kgamma. Ras also forms a direct contact with the PI3Kgamma catalytic domain. These unique Ras/PI3Kgamma interactions are likely to be shared by PI3Kalpha. The complex with Ras shows a change in the PI3K conformation that may represent an allosteric component of Ras activation.
Change of acceleration behavior of time-dependent dielectric breakdown by the BEOL process: indications for hydrogen induced transition in dominant degradation mechanism

One single modification in the back end of line (BEOL) process can change the acceleration behavior of time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB). It is demonstrated that two competing degradation mechanisms exist in parallel, which follow time dependences according to the E-model and the 1/E-model. Negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) tests correlate well with TDDB results. A continuous hydrogen reaction model is introduced, which can explain the experimental results.
acid ) , a novel subtype-selective retinoid , on lupus-like nephritis in female ( NZBxNZW ) F 1

Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., Tokodai 5-1-3, Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, 300-2635, Japan (T.Y., A.I., K.S., N.T., M.N.); RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan (K.S.); PRESTO, JST, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan (K.S.); and Eisai Research Institute, Eisai Co., Ltd., 100 Research Drive, Wilmington, MA, 01887, U.S.A. (S.K.) JPET Fast Forward. Published on December 22, 2004 as DOI:10.1124/jpet.104. 075598
Revisiting the relation between contingency awareness and attention: Evaluative conditioning relies on a contingency focus

Although evaluative conditioning has occasionally been demonstrated in the absence of contingency awareness, many recent studies imply that its acquisition depends on the availability of attentional resources during conditioning. In previous experiments attention has typically been manipulated in a general way rather than looking at the particular focus of attention. The present study investigated the role of a focus on the CS–US contingency. Two separate distraction tasks were designed that either diverted attention from the stimuli or directed it to the stimuli while drawing attention away from the contingency between the stimuli. Both types of distraction were shown to eliminate evaluative conditioning. Significant evaluative conditioning was observed in a third group of participants who were required to attend the contingencies. A mediation analysis showed that the observed discrepancy in evaluative conditioning effects between groups was mediated by contingency awareness. The results imply that attention in terms of a stimulus focus is not sufficient for evaluative conditioning to occur. Rather, attention to the contingencies between stimuli appears to be crucial in evaluative conditioning, because it is supposed to foster the acquisition of contingency awareness.
Simultaneous Costochondral Graft and Distraction Osteogenesis in Unilateral TMJ Ankylosis Associated With Mandibular Retrognathia and Asymmetry

Abstract The purpose of this study was to review the long-term effect of simultaneous costochondral graft (CCG) and distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the management of unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis associated with severe dentofacial deformities in our clinic. In addition, we sought to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of CCG and DO. Four patients were included in this clinical study during 2005 to 2007. The mean length of ankylosis history was 14.5 years. All patients had significant mandibular retrognathia and asymmetry histories and have been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by a polysomnogram before surgery. A 1-stage surgery, with gap arthroplasty, CCG, and mandibular DO, was performed. The surgical plan and technique were reviewed. No severe complications were observed after surgery. Distraction was started on day 7 after surgery. The distance of distraction ranged from 20 to 25 mm (mean, 22.5 mm). Mouth opening was increased from 25 to 37 mm (mean, 33.5 mm) during the follow-up period (range of 3.5–5 y). No recurrence of joint ankylosis occurred based on the clinical and radiographic evaluations. All of the patients had significant improvement in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome after surgery. Mandibular asymmetry and retrognathia were well corrected in all of the patietns. In conclusion, a 1-stage surgical treatment with DO and CCG demonstrated its feasibility and effectiveness in management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis combined with severe dentofacial deformity. It is a safe and reliable method of treatment.
Evaluating the Existing Barriers in Implementing Constructability

In fact, constructability is facilitating the construction of a project through integrating knowledge and experience to achieve the overall and common objectives of the project in all stages of it, but practically there is still a significant gap between design, construction, and achieving the desired project objectives. Studies show that separating the design and construction processes and lack of presence of the contractor in the design stage, prevent the effective use of experiences and specialty of the contractor to improve and develop design processes. This issue results in increasing project time and cost, poor relationships, and also increasing project waste and duplication. The barriers to implementing this concept can have major differences with each other in different locations all over the world, due to the unity of the executive conditions in various countries. This paper evaluates the existing practical barriers to implementation of constructability in the construction industry. A comprehensive literature review has been performed by the authors through using the Meta-Synthesis method and findings were used to form research assumptions. Three case studies of Mass Housing project (MHP) in Tehran were instigated. Outputs taken from nine interviews with different experts in this industry working in diverse areas, including owners, consultants and contractors are then ranked after theoretical saturation compared using the NVIVO Software and through pattern and descriptive analyses. The concept of constructability is focused on the early presence of contractors in the initial stages of the project. So that, through integrating knowledge and experience, problems due to lack of their presence in the early stages of the project can be reduced. Comparing the existing barriers to implementing constructability in Iran with those of the wider world, presents some effective solutions to facilitate the presence of the construction contractors in the early stages of projects.
Deep search for companions to probable young brown dwarfs - VLT/NACO adaptive optics imaging using IR wavefront sensing

Aims. We have obtained high contrast images of four nearby, faint, and very low mass objects 2MASS J04351455-1414468, SDSS J044337.61+000205.1, 2MASS J06085283-2753583 and 2MASS J06524851-5741376 (hereafter 2MASS0435-14, SDSS0443+00, 2MASS0608-27 and 2MASS0652-57), identified in the field as probable isolated young brown dwarfs. Our goal was to search for binary companions down to the planetary mass regime. Methods. We used the NAOS-CONICA adaptive optics instrument (NACO) and its unique capability to sense the wavefront in the near-infrared to acquire sharp images of the four systems in K_s, with a field of view of 28" x 28". Additional J and L' imaging and follow-up observations at a second epoch were obtained for 2MASS0652-57. Results. With a typical contrast ΔK_s = 4.0−7.0 mag, our observations are sensitive down to the planetary mass regime considering a minimum age of 10 to 120 Myr for these systems. No additional point sources are detected in the environment of 2MASS0435-14, SDSS0443+00 and 2MASS0608-27 between 0.1−12" (i.e. about 2 to 250 AU at 20 pc). 2MASS0652-57 is resolved as a ~230 mas binary. Follow-up observations reject a background contaminate, resolve the orbital motion of the pair, and confirm with high confidence that the system is physically bound. The J, K_s and L′ photometry suggest a q ~ 0.7−0.8 mass ratio binary with a probable semi-major axis of 5−6 AU. Among the four systems, 2MASS0652-57 is probably the less constrained in terms of age determination. Further analysis would be necessary to confirm its youth. It would then be interesting to determine its orbital and physical properties to derive the system’s dynamical mass and to test evolutionary model predictions.
A CLOSE COMPANION SEARCH AROUND L DWARFS USING APERTURE MASKING INTERFEROMETRY AND PALOMAR LASER GUIDE STAR ADAPTIVE OPTICS

We present a close companion search around 16 known early L dwarfs using aperture masking interferometry with Palomar laser guide star adaptive optics (LGS AO). The use of aperture masking allows the detection of close binaries, corresponding to projected physical separations of 0.6–10.0 AU for the targets of our survey. This survey achieved median contrast limits of ΔK ∼ 2.3 for separations between 1. 2λ/D–4λ/D and ΔK ∼ 1.4 at ⅔λ/D. We present four candidate binaries detected with moderate-to-high confidence (90%–98%). Two have projected physical separations less than 1.5 AU. This may indicate that tight-separation binaries contribute more significantly to the binary fraction than currently assumed, consistent with spectroscopic and photometric overluminosity studies. Ten targets of this survey have previously been observed with the Hubble Space Telescope as part of companion searches. We use the increased resolution of aperture masking to search for close or dim companions that would be obscured by full aperture imaging, finding two candidate binaries. This survey is the first application of aperture masking with LGS AO at Palomar. Several new techniques for the analysis of aperture masking data in the low signal-to-noise regime are explored.
Threshold Receiver Model for Throughput of Wireless Devices With MIMO and Frequency Diversity Measured in Reverberation Chamber

We present a simple theoretical model for the throughput data rate of a wireless LTE device including the improvements of data rate due to diversity in frequency (OFDM) and spatial domains (MIMO) under frequency selective fading. The model is based on defining an ideal threshold receiver for the line-of-sight (LOS) case, corresponding to reception with advanced error-correcting codes. The theoretical throughput model is in agreement with measurements in a reverberation chamber of a commercial LTE device for the 1 × 2 SIMO case, both regarding diversity and MIMO array gains, and it can therefore be used to complement measured results in evaluation of performance of LTE devices.
Fuzzy logic energy management strategy for supercapacitor-based energy saving system for variable-speed motor drives

In recent years, problems in variable-speed motor drive systems have drawn more and more attention: the variable speed motor drive system will frequently absorb or regenerate large energy in short time when accelerating or decelerating respectively, which may lead to energy waste and voltage fluctuation. A solution can be easily found by using supercapacitor-based energy storage device to shave the power demand and absorb the braking energy. In order to control the bidirectional energy flow of the storage device accurately, an energy management strategy is required. In this paper, a fuzzy logic energy management strategy is presented. Using the voltage of the DC bus and its rate of changes, a set of rules are developed. It can not only enhance the ability of the energy saving but also reduce the peak power of power grid dramatically. Experimental results are presented to verify the design.
An Optimal and Learning-Based Demand Response and Home Energy Management System

This paper focuses on developing an interdisciplinary mechanism that combines machine learning, optimization, and data structure design to build a demand response and home energy management system that can meet the needs of real-life conditions. The loads of major home appliances are divided into three categories: 1) containing fixed loads; 2) regulate-able loads; and 3) deferrable loads, based on which a decoupled demand response mechanism is proposed for optimal energy management of the three categories of loads. A learning-based demand response strategy is developed for regulateable loads with a special focus on home heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVACs). This paper presents how a learning system should be designed to learn the energy consumption model of HVACs, how to integrate the learning mechanism with optimization techniques to generate optimal demand response policies, and how a data structure should be designed to store and capture current home appliance behaviors properly. This paper investigates how the integrative and learning-based home energy management system behaves in a demand response framework. Case studies are conducted through an integrative simulation approach that combines a home energy simulator and MATLAB together for demand response evaluation.
Screening a monoclonal antibody with a fusion‐phage display library shows a discontinuity in a linear epitope within pres1 of hepatitis B virus

The epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody MA18/7, specific for the PreS1‐domain of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen, has been defined precisely by means of a library of fusionphage carrying random hexapeptides on the tip of filamentous phage fd particles. Phage, isolated after only one round of affinity selection, displayed hexapeptides showing strong conservation of the PreSl primary sequence in the region 19–23 with three noncontiguous residues, DP (20 and 21) and F (23) appearing in phage that bound the antibody. The importance of these core residues was supported by comparing the antibody binding of individual phage in solution, which provided relative dissociation constants for these interactions. Replacement of F (23) by Y was the only substitution observed in the three core residues, and resulted in somewhat weaker binding. Synthetic tetra‐ and hexapeptides containing these key residues inhibited the reaction between the phage and the antibody. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low-Latency Distance Protective Relay on FPGA

The need for high-speed multi-function protective relays in both traditional transmission systems and the new emerging paradigm of the smart grid is growing. As a widely used protective scheme for transmission lines, a distance relay's high speed and reliable operation to clear faults is essential. This paper proposes a real-time low-latency hardware digital distance protective relay on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). Taking advantage of inherent hard-wired architecture of the FPGA, the proposed hardware distance relay design is paralleled and fully pipelined to achieve low latencies in various relay modules which are developed in textual VHDL language. This low-latency feature allows fast operating and data throughput so that the relay can handle high-frequency sampled data and reach higher computational efficiency. In addition, the parallelism and hardwired architecture of the FPGA makes the design more reliable in computation than the sequential software-based numeric relay. The FPGA-based distance relay can operate on both phasor-based signals and instantaneous signals with 2.09 μs and 0.35 μs latency respectively based on the clock frequency of 100 MHz. The hardware relay is tested in real-time by feeding it with generated faulted current and voltage data for typical faults and the relay response recorded. The results demonstrate the speed and effectiveness of the hardware distance relay.
Purging iron from the heart

Methods are now available to measure the magnitude of iron accumulation in the heart. Their validation currently relies on indirect evidence and not on chemical estimation in cardiac biopsies. All patients with symptomatic heart disease appear to have abnormal T2* values, but many patients without symptomatic heart disease also have evidence of increased myocardial iron. Although there is no proof to date that increased myocardial iron, as evidenced by abnormal magnetic resonance imaging, carries an adverse prognosis, it is likely that such new information will affect the chelating programme of patients. In these cases, there are a number of options available: (i) ongoing treatment with either desferrioxamine (DFO) or deferiprone may be intensified; (ii) the patient may be switched to the alternative chelator or (iii) combined chelation with both DFO and deferiprone may be started, which is more effective than using either chelator alone. For patients with symptomatic heart disease, continuous intravenous DFO with, or without deferiprone, remains the currently recommended treatment, in view of its documented ability to salvage these patients.
Sorafenib and Quinacrine Target Anti-Apoptotic Protein MCL1: A Poor Prognostic Marker in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC)

Purpose and Experimental Design: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) comprises approximately 2% of all thyroid cancers, and its median survival rate remains poor. It is responsible for more than one third of thyroid cancer–related deaths. ATC is frequently resistant to conventional therapy, and NFκB signaling has been proposed to be a feature of the disease. We aimed to assess the activity of the antimalaria drug quinacrine known to target NFκB signaling in combination with the clinically relevant kinase inhibitor sorafenib in ATC cells. The presence of NFκB-p65/RELA and its target MCL1 was demonstrated in ATC by meta-data gene set enrichment analysis and IHC. We assessed the responses of a panel of human ATC cell lines to quinacrine and sorafenib in vitro and in vivo. Results: We detected increased expression of NFκB-p65/RELA and MCL1 in the nucleus of a subset of ATC compared with non-neoplastic thyroid. ATC cells were found to respond with additive/synergistic tumor cell killing to the combination of sorafenib plus quinacrine in vitro, and the drug combination improves survival of immunodeficient mice injected orthotopically with ATC cells as compared with mice administered either compound alone or doxorubicin. We also demonstrate that the combination of sorafenib and quinacrine is well tolerated in mice. At the molecular level, quinacrine and sorafenib inhibited expression of prosurvival MCL1, pSTAT3, and dampened NFκB signaling. Conclusions: The combination of quinacrine and sorafenib targets emerging molecular hallmarks of ATC and shows promising results in clinically relevant models for the disease. Further testing of sorafenib plus quinacrine can be conducted in ATC patients. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6192–203. ©2016 AACR.
The impact of risk on three initial public offerings market anomalies : hot-issue market, underpricing, and long-run underperformance

This paper characterizes the role of risk in the initial public offering (IPO) cycle. While most of the previous literature uses the volatility of IPO initial returns to measure risk, we focus on different risk measures, namely, firm-level systematic and idiosyncratic volatilities and the market-wide implied volatility index (VIX) to assess their role in the IPO cycle. Our results shed new light on (1) which risk measure is important in the determination of IPO cycles, (2) the temporal pattern of each risk component across issuing firms and (3) the relationship between market-wide uncertainty and IPO risk. Our findings reveal a lead-lag relationship between IPO waves, VIX and the IPO systematic risk measure. We also highlight the fact that market-level uncertainty predicts IPO activity and the level of idiosyncratic risk of the next-period-issuing firms. Issuing firms’ systematic risk can only be predicted by the systematic risk of firms now proceeding to their offering. The main implication resulting from our study is that one can better anticipate "hot-issue" markets, as well as the specific risk components of future new issues. This will help improve upon the regulatory environment, IPO investment decisions and IPO timing given market receptivity.