Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobile Learning in Context - Context-aware Hypermedia in the Wild

Modern project-based education requires students to be able to work with digital materials both in and out of the classroom. Field trips are often an integral part of such projects and greatly benefit studentsâ? learning by allowing them to engage with real-world environments first-hand. However, the infrastructure for accessing context sensitive information and supporting in-situ authoring by students while in the field is often lacking. In this paper we present the HyCon framework for mobile, context-aware, and multi-platform hypermedia that aims at supporting several aspects of fieldtrips and project-based education.
A contribution to the analysis of the causal processes between dynamic system events and policy change within the advocacy coalition framework: The individual conditions of policy-oriented learning

The Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF: Sabatier & Jenkins-Smith, 1993, 1999; Sabatier & Weible, 2007; Weible, Sabatier, & McQueen, 2009) is a theory of the policy process, of which one of the prominent characteristics is to integrate the role of policy learning in the explanation of policy change. In the ACF, the basic unit of analysis is the subsystem or “a set of actors who are involved in dealing with a policy problem such as air pollution control, mental health, or energy”. Individual and corporate actors are characterized by their belief system including axioms and values of general application (deep core beliefs), beliefs related to the policy problems within the subsystem which they are part of (policy core beliefs), and beliefs focusing on such or another secondary aspect of these policy problems (secondary beliefs). Policy change within subsystems may be minor – if only secondary aspects of the policies change – or major – if policy core aspects change. The alteration of the actors’ beliefs (policy learning), alone, is only susceptible to lead to minor policy change. Major policy change, in contrast, requires an external shock to occur, according to the ACF. But not all system-level events, however, lead to major policy change. They can result in only minor policy change or in no policy change at all.
Monte Carlo study of a compressible Ising antiferromagnet on a triangular lattice.

We have studied the compressible antiferromagnetic Ising Model on a triangular lattice using Monte Carlo simulations. It is found that the coupling to the strain removes the frustration of the rigid model and the simulations show a transition from the disordered to an ordered, striped phase at low temperatures. This transition involves two broken symmetries: the Ising symmetry and a three-state Potts symmetry characteristic of the triangular lattice. In the absence of bond fluctuations, this transition is always strongly first order. Using finite-size scaling analysis, we find evidence that, in the presence of fluctuations, the transition becomes weakly first order and possibly second order when the coupling to the lattice is increased. We discuss the relevance of this model to certain phase transitions in alloys. @S0163-1829~96! 04918-1#
Competencies: the triumph of a fuzzy concept

This article investigates the current popularity of the concept of competencies. After a brief exploration of perspectives on the concept of competencies, a study will be presented that was conducted in order to gain more insight into the backgrounds of the current status of this concept and to investigate competency-based practices. The study investigated the applications in enterprises and higher education. The last section summarises the main findings and raises some issues that need further elaboration.
Towards human motion capturing using gyroscopeless orientation estimation

Current systems for motion capturing based on inertial measurement incorporate several powerhungry sensor modalities to accurately estimate the sensor's orientation. To drive motion capturing towards longterm applications, we use a reduced sensor setting based on accelerometers and magnetometers only to estimate orientation. We analyze this setting in real world conditions and provide results on initial experiments using a naturalistic dataset.
Classification of single trial EEG during imagined hand movement by rhythmic component extraction

An electroencephalograph (EEG)-based brain computer interface (BCI) requires rapid and reliable extraction of features in EEG signal. Recently, the rhythmic component extraction (RCE) method has been proposed to extract features of multi-channel EEG. RCE can extract a signal component with a certain frequency from multi-sensor signals. In this paper, we applied RCE to extract a feature corresponding to hand movement imagery tasks from signals measured by EEG. This feature from a single trial EEG signal is classified between imaginary left/right hand movement EEG using machine learning. On two subjects, our experiment shows that the combination of RCE and fisher discriminant analysis outperforms common spatial patterns (CSP) in classification accuracy. It is also reported that other major classifiers together with RCE give better performance than CSP. Additionally, we consider the relationship between data length and classification accuracy. It is shown that the accuracy tends to decrease as the data length becomes small.
On the importance of upper-ocean variability in extended-range mesoscale simulation of the Madden-Julian oscillation

We examine how model errors in previous Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) events can affect the simulation of subsequent MJO events due to increased errors that develop in the upper-ocean before the MJO initiation stage. Two fully coupled numerical simulations with 45-km and 27-km horizontal resolutions were integrated for a two-month period from November to December 2011 using the Navy's limited area Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS®). There are three MJO events that occurred subsequently in early November, mid-November, and mid-December during the simulations. The 45-km simulation shows an excessive warming of the SSTs during the suppressed phase that occurs before the initiation of the second MJO event due to erroneously strong surface net heat fluxes. The stalling of the second MJO event prevents the recovery of the deep mixed layer and associated barrier layer. Cross-wavelet analysis of solar radiation and SSTs reveals that the diurnal warming is absent during the second suppressed phase after the second MJO event. The mixed layer heat budget indicates that the cooling is primarily caused by horizontal advection associated with the stalling of the second MJO event and the cool SSTs fail to initiate the third MJO event. When the horizontal resolution is increased to 27-km, three MJOs are simulated and compared well with observations on multi-month timescales. The higher-resolution simulation of the second MJO event and more-realistic upper-ocean response promote the extended simulation of the third MJO event.
Between Harvard anf Chicago : Jacob Viner and New Deal Banking Reforms, 1933-1935

This paper examines Jacob Viner’s contribution to the debate over anti-Depression policies and focuses specifically upon his activities as a close assistant to Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr. from 1933 to 1935. During his term at the Treasury, Viner was involved in many policy decisions concerning monetary policy, banking reforms and public works. A wide set of archival sources preserved in Viner’s and Morgenthau’s papers has allowed us to describe his position in the economic debate of the time, his vision on the working of the economic system, and his influence on policy. This analysis has helped to clarify Viner’s relationships with two contemporary brands of monetary thought which historians have come to identify respectively as the Chicago and Harvard traditions.
Novel therapeutic effects of sesamin on diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction

Diabetes is a risk factor that increases the occurrence and severity of cardiovascular events. Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of mortality of 75% of patients with diabetes >40 years old. Sesamin, the bioactive compound extracted from Sesamum indicum, is a natural compound that has diverse beneficial effects on hypoglycemia and reducing cholesterol. The aim of this study is to investigate sesamin effects to diabetes-inducing cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study bioinformatics analysis demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy signaling may be the most important pathway for upregulating genes in sesamin-treated groups. To verify the bioinformatics prediction, sesamin was used as the main bioactive compound to attenuate the impact of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) on cardiac function in a rat model. The results revealed that oral administration of sesamin for 4 weeks (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) marginally improved blood glucose levels, body weight and significantly ameliorated the effects on heart rate and blood pressure in rats with type 1 diabetes relative to control rats. The QT interval of sesamin was also reduced relative to the control group. The findings indicated that sesamin has potential cardioprotective effects in the STZ-induced diabetes model. This suggested that this can be used as a novel treatment for patients with diabetes with cardiac dysfunction complication.
A Risk- and Complexity-Rating Framework for Investment Products

Many investors who bought such investments as Lehman Brothers’ minibonds did not understand the products’ complicated features. This fact suggests that if the inherent risk and complexity of products’ structure are not clearly understood by investors, they will be unable to make informed decisions. Some practitioners have recently attempted to calibrate product complexity. The authors propose a framework for classifying investment product risk and complexity separately with a list of factors that contribute to these attributes. They demonstrate the framework’s simplicity and usefulness in helping investors make informed decisions, showing that it can be used to calibrate a variety of investment products. Investors often do not have a clear understanding of the complicated features embedded in complex investment products. In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, regulators have increasingly looked for various ways to provide such information, motivated by the need to enhance consumer protection. Although risk indicators are well developed and widely adopted, the financial industry as a whole does not have a common methodology to calibrate the complexity of investment products. In this article, we propose a simple, integrated framework to classify both the risk and the complexity of investment products. Risk is decomposed into six main factors: volatility, liquidity, credit rating, duration, leverage, and the degree of diversification. Product complexity is measured by five basic factors: the number of structural layers, the expansiveness of derivatives used, the availability and use of known valuation models, the number of scenarios determining return outcomes, and the transparency/ease of understanding. We simulated and stress tested the proposed framework with a range of weights for the chosen factors and found it to be technically robust. The framework can be used by industry players to enhance product transparency as well as to offer their clients suitable products, appropriately classified by risk and complexity. Editor’s note: This article was reviewed and accepted by Executive Editor Robert Litterman.
New IPv6 Transition Mechanism based on End-to-End Tunnel

Until today, there have been a lot of study for the IPv6 transition mechanism but it seems to have a lot of difficulty to expand IPv6 network due to lack of IPv6 service and unresolved interworking issues with IPv4 network. This paper proposes new IPv6 transition mechanism based on end-to-end tunneling which is expandable, easy method to deploy IPv6 services.
The implementation of quality management tools and techniques: a study

Outlines the main findings of a longitudinal study into the use and application of quality management tools and techniques in a speciality chemicals manufacturer. Finds that the use of a particular tool or technique is related to the stage of development of the organization’s improvement process and, in the early phase of the improvement process, tools and techniques were used in a haphazard manner, which improved with operating experience. Points out that those tools and techniques which were introduced in relation to a defined need were better understood and utilized than those which were applied company‐wide and without a specific use in mind at the time of the training. Highlights the fact that soundly based training delivered by credible trainers is vital to early success in the use of tools and techniques.
The BioC O-Methyltransferase Catalyzes Methyl Esterification of Malonyl-Acyl Carrier Protein, an Essential Step in Biotin Synthesis*

Background: The pimelate moiety of biotin is made by a modified fatty acid synthesis pathway. Results: The first reaction is O-methylation of the free carboxyl of malonyl-acyl carrier protein. Conclusion: The methyl acceptor is malonyl-acyl carrier protein and not malonyl-CoA. Significance: Demonstration of this enzymatic activity completes the E. coli biotin synthetic pathway. Recent work implicated the Escherichia coli BioC protein as the initiator of the synthetic pathway that forms the pimeloyl moiety of biotin (Lin, S., Hanson, R. E., and Cronan, J. E. (2010) Nat. Chem. Biol. 6, 682–688). BioC was believed to be an O-methyltransferase that methylated the free carboxyl of either malonyl-CoA or malonyl-acyl carrier protein based on the ability of O-methylated (but not unmethylated) precursors to bypass the BioC requirement for biotin synthesis both in vivo and in vitro. However, only indirect proof of the hypothesized enzymatic activity was obtained because the activities of the available BioC preparations were too low for direct enzymatic assay. Because E. coli BioC protein was extremely recalcitrant to purification in an active form, BioC homologues of other bacteria were tested. We report that the native form of Bacillus cereus ATCC10987 BioC functionally replaced E. coli BioC in vivo, and the protein could be expressed in soluble form and purified to homogeneity. In disagreement with prior scenarios that favored malonyl-CoA as the methyl acceptor, malonyl-acyl carrier protein was a far better acceptor of methyl groups from S-adenosyl-l-methionine than was malonyl-CoA. BioC was specific for the malonyl moiety and was inhibited by S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine and sinefungin. High level expression of B. cereus BioC in E. coli blocked cell growth and fatty acid synthesis.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the 2011-2012 season: protection against each circulating virus and the effect of prior vaccination on estimates.

BACKGROUND Each year, the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network examines the effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing medically attended acute respiratory illnesses caused by influenza. METHODS Patients with acute respiratory illnesses of ≤ 7 days' duration were enrolled at ambulatory care facilities in 5 communities. Specimens were collected and tested for influenza by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Receipt of influenza vaccine was defined based on documented evidence of vaccination in medical records or immunization registries. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated in adjusted logistic regression models by comparing the vaccination coverage in those who tested positive for influenza with those who tested negative. RESULTS The 2011-2012 season was mild and peaked late, with circulation of both type A viruses and both lineages of type B. Overall adjusted vaccine effectiveness was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36-56) in preventing medically attended influenza; vaccine effectiveness was 65% (95% CI, 44-79) against type A (H1N1) pdm09 but only 39% (95% CI, 23-52) against type A (H3N2). Estimates of vaccine effectiveness against both type B lineages were similar (overall, 58%; 95% CI, 35-73). An apparent negative effect of prior year vaccination on current year effectiveness estimates was noted, particularly for A (H3N2) outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine effectiveness in the 2011-2012 season was modest overall, with lower effectiveness against the predominant A (H3N2) virus. This may be related to antigenic drift, but past history of vaccination might also play a role.
A quantitative study to determine the efficacy of occipitomental facial views in diagnosing fractures by trauma consultants at an academic hospital in Johannesburg

Radiography on patients who sustain facial bone fractures form the largest workload in the trauma department at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital in South Africa. These examinations are performed on patients who are either intoxicated or badly injured thus very little cooperation can be guaranteed. The researchers observed that the trauma consultants make a diagnosis from one or two out of the four projections routinely performed. Depending on the findings from these radiographs, some of the patients are referred for computer tomography (CT); others are managed consecutively. Previous studies on the choice of diagnostic modality to use for facial bone trauma ranged from conventional radiography, CT and ultrasound. Methods: A retrospective, quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. Two trauma consultants (#1 and #2) were invited to each analyse 35 plain-film occipitomental (OM) 15Â° and 35 plain-film occipitomental (OM) 30Â° images (n=70). The findings of the trauma consultants were related to those of the radiologists, which was estimated to be 90%. Results and discussion: Kappa statistics were used to analyse the results. Participant #1 achieved 88.57% and participant #2 achieved 80% for a positive diagnosis. Their assessment of the images were similar to published studies. Conclusion: The results indicated that OM 15Â° and OM 30Â° radiographs were sufficient as a screening tool for mid-facial bone trauma. Accurate diagnostic information can be obtained from two instead of the four projections currently performed.
Rural and Urban Inner-City High School Student Knowledge and Perception of Agriculture.

This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and perception of rural and urban inner-city students in two Midwestern states regarding agriculture, food, and natural resources. Since this study was a pilot project, these two subgroups of the United States population were assessed to provide baseline data reflecting the knowledge and perceptions of United States residents regarding agriculture and the food industry. Data were collected from 1121 respondents but did not constitute a representative sample of students in the two Midwestern states. However, the results of this study may have implications for other groups on a practical basis. Three objectives were specified for this study as follows: 1) to assess the level of agricultural knowledge among rural and urban inner-city high school students in a midwest; 2) to assess the level of agricultural perceptions among rural and urban inner-city high school students in the midwest; and, 3) to compare the level of agricultural knowledge and perception of both subgroups. Both groups of respondents were most knowledgeable about Natural Resources concepts whereas the Rural Students were least knowledgeable about the Plants in Agriculture concept area compared to the Urban Inner-City High School Student respondents who were least knowledgeable about the Policy concept area. Overall, respondents had the most positive perception about the Natural Resources concept area and were the least positive about the Agricultural Policy concept area. Men and women of all ages and ethnic groups have a vested interest in agriculture (Law & Pepple, 1990). Consumers as well as policy makers need to be "agriculturally literate" in order to respond appropriately as issues arise. Most Americans, whether young or old, have limited knowledge about agriculture and food production. Many would agree with the need for a basic understanding of agriculture, the agricultural industry, and its importance to our country and citizens. Mawby (1990, p. 72) noted that by ". educating Americans in the wise management of food supplies and related renewable resources, we can anticipate more knowledgeable decision-making about agriculture in the future. " No research has been conducted to compare the agricultural literacy level of individuals from various ethnic groups. However, Horn and Vining's (1986) study found that fewer than thirty percent of a sample (n = 2000) of Kansas students, primarily of European descent, could give correct answers to basic agriculture questions. To date, no study has been published specifically regarding the agricultural literacy level of students of African American descent; however, Washington and
Passenger Leaks and the Fate of Small Community Air Service

Using airline-booking data from Sabre, this article documents the proportion of passengers who drive and fly from a hub airport, rather than take a commuter flight. If fewer passengers leaked to a hub, community airports would have more enplanements. Price and quality factors affecting leaks are econometrically estimated for the state of Wyoming. Fare differences, distance between the local airport and hub and the proportion of regional jets making the hub connection are important determinants. Short-run elasticities are estimated to measure the sensitivity of local air travelers to these factors. Leaks increased after September 11, 2001. (JEL L52, L93) Copyright 2005, Oxford University Press.
Small and medium enterprises as pioneers in the expansion of global production networks: A case study of the Japanese electronics industry in Guangdong, China

Japan has been the largest source country of foreign direct investment (FDI) in China, excluding overseas Chinese territories and tax havens. However, Japan's large-scale but relatively closed production networks have received little discussion in previous research. Two peaks in Japanese investment can be distinguished: the first led by the electronics industry in the mid-1990s and the second by the automotive industry after 2003. Cross-border production network building in the electronics industry is quite different from the scenarios of conventional global production networks (GPN) theory, where leading firms dominate the building of global production networks. In this paper, I demonstrate that in the development of the electronics industry, the institutional advantage small and medium enterprises have of knowing how to operate production bases in Southern China has enabled them to guide leading firms in building cross-border production networks.