Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P 2 receptor mRNA expression profiles in human lymphocytes , monocytes and CD 34 + stem and progenitor cells

Background: Extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP and UDP) exert a wide range of biological effects in blood cells mediated by multiple ionotropic P2X receptors and G proteincoupled P2Y receptors. Although pharmacological experiments have suggested the presence of several P2 receptor subtypes on monocytes and lymphocytes, some results are contradictory. Few physiological functions have been firmly established to a specific receptor subtype, partly because of a lack of truly selective agonists and antagonists. This stimulated us to investigate the expression of P2X and P2Y receptors in human lymphocytes and monocytes with a newly established quantitative mRNA assay for P2 receptors. In addition, we describe for the first time the expression of P2 receptors in CD34+ stem and progenitor cells implicating a potential role of P2 receptors in hematopoietic lineage and progenitor/stem cell function. Results: Using a quantitative mRNA assay, we assessed the hypothesis that there are specific P2 receptor profiles in inflammatory cells. The P2X4 receptor had the highest expression in lymphocytes and monocytes. Among the P2Y receptors, P2Y12 and P2Y2 had highest expression in lymphocytes, while the P2Y2 and P2Y13 had highest expression in monocytes. Several P2 receptors were expressed (P2Y2, P2Y1, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2Y11, P2X1, P2X4) in CD34+ stem and progenitor cells. Conclusions: The most interesting findings were the high mRNA expression of P2Y12 receptors in lymphocytes potentially explaining the anti-inflammatory effects of clopidogrel, P2Y13 receptors in monocytes and a previously unrecognised expression of P2X4 in lymphocytes and monocytes. In addition, for the first time P2 receptor mRNA expression patterns was studied in CD34+ stem and progenitor cells. Several P2 receptors were expressed (P2Y2, P2Y1, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2Y11, P2X1, P2X4), indicating a role in differentiation and proliferation. Thus, it is possible that specific antibodies to P2 receptors could be used to identify progenitors for monocytes, lymphocytes and megakaryocytes. Published: 03 August 2004 BMC Immunology 2004, 5:16 doi:10.1186/1471-2172-5-16 Received: 13 February 2004 Accepted: 03 August 2004 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral. com/1471-2172/5/16 © 2004 Wang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Automatic Retrieval of Educational ICT Tool Descriptions from the Web of Data

Linked Data is a methodology to publish data on the Web that facilitates the federation of data sources. Following this methodology, a huge quantity of data is being published on the Web of Data, but very little is currently consumed by educational applications. This paper proposes to overcome this situation by relating educational vocabularies to the ones already used on the Web of Data. This way, educational applications can take advantage of the data published on the Web even if such data was not published for educational purposes. As a case study, the vocabulary used by an educational tool search system, called Ontoolsearch, is related to ICT tool descriptions published by DBpedia and Factforge. Evaluation results show that 2905 tool descriptions can be retrieved from the Web of Data to be consumed by Ontoolsearch. In addition, most of these descriptions have a similar quality to the ones manually published by an educational tool expert.
Nobody reads documentation

Finally, new and interesting ideas about documentation. It is kind of funny, really. Most documentat ion is written by technic i a n s n o t professional writers. And most technicians would include documentation among their top ten complaints regarding the software they use. Physician, heal thyself. This column describes ideas and suggestions from current literature on software documentation. I hope they will change the way you think about documentation. If you are in the software field, it is almost certain that you will have to write documentation, for either your peers or your users. If you are designing software, you owe it to those you serve to gain an enlightened attitude toward documentation, recognizing the interconnectedness of the software, its documentation, and the help system. Otherwise, you are not a "practical programmer. "
Segmenting Brands' Social Network Site (Sns) Consumers: A Four-Country Study

ABSTRACT Since consumers are increasing their participation in social network sites (SNSs), more companies and brands are using SNSs to strategically communicate with consumers. This study investigates how brands' social network site (SNS) consumers can be segmented to identify the consumer segments that will be most responsive to marketing communications through brands´ SNSs. Data were collected through an online survey applied in four different countries: Australia, Chile, South Africa and Spain, with a final sample of 1025 respondents. Segments were determined through Two-Step cluster analyses and one-way ANOVAs. Four clusters emerged in the full data set: Social Seekers, Social Satellites, Social Fringe and Disinterested and validated in the four countries. A fifth segment, Social Tourists emerged in the South Africa data. Implications for marketers and practitioners are discussed.
E-Procurement Implication on The Budgets Absorption in Indonesian Local Government (East Java Provincial Government Cases)

Utilization of e-procurement technology in government is very important to achieve accelerated implementation of National and Local Budget that should be indicated in the absence of budget accumulation at the end of the year. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the use of e-procurement technology on budget absorption through the practice of procurement of goods / services and procurement performance of goods / services. This study uses primary and secondary data. The sample of this research was 71 units of Local Government Work Unit ( SKPD ) in East Java Provincial Government. The results show that the utilization of e-procurement technology has a positive effect on budget absorption through the practice of procurement of goods/services. Utilization of e-procurement technology negatively affect the practice of procurement of goods/services and procurement performance of goods/services. Utilization of e-procurement technology negatively affect the performance of procurement of goods/services through the practice of procurement of goods/services. However, the use of e-procurement technology has no effect on budget absorption and has no effect on budget absorption through procurement performance of goods/services because of the attitude of the technology users who are reluctant in the utilization of e-procurement technology . Keywords: e-Procurement, Budget Absorption , Goods/Services Procurement Practice , Procurement Performance of Goods/Services , Utilization of e-Procurement Technology
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in MORC4, CD14, and TLR4 Are Related to Outcome of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

BACKGROUND Non-HLA genes may contribute to the prognosis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We investigated associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in regions of MORC4, CD14, TLR4, NOD2, SLC22A4, SLC22A5, CARD8, NLRP3, and CLDN2 and the outcomes of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Single nucleotide polymorphisms in selected regions were determined and analyzed for putative associations with overall mortality and acute graft-versus-host disease. Significant associations were further explored by logistic regression, controlling for additional variables. RESULTS A significant association was identified between overall mortality among recipients and a nonsynonymous coding variant of MORC4 (rs6622126) in the recipient genetic makeup (P=0.029). Since MORC4 is located on the X-chromosome, the results were also analyzed separately for males and females. The association between overall mortality for recipients and the risk allele (rs6622126; A) was confirmed for males with respect to genetic makeup of recipients (P=0.012), donor genetic makeup (P=0.004), and the combined allele composition of the donor and recipient (P=0.001). A significant association was also identified between overall mortality and the recipient risk allele of CD14 (rs2569190; P=0.031), TLR4 (rs4986790; P=0.043), and NOD2 (carriage of at least 1 mutant allele of rs2066844, rs2066845, or rs2066847; P=0.048). Among the investigated genes, only the CD14 (rs2569190) recipient risk allele was significantly associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (P=0.023). Logistic regression models confirmed these findings, except for NOD2, and also identified a significant contribution by age at stem cell transplantation (MORC4, CD14, TLR4), diagnosis (CD14, TLR4), and prophylaxis (MORC4). CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation in MORC4, CD14, and TLR4 may affect the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Teaching Science to Language Minority Students in Elementary Classrooms

This article proposes a number of language and science related teaching strategies that are appropriate for elementary science teachers working with language minority students. Each of the nine strategies proposed are described and their theoretical underpinnings discussed. When appropriate, classroom examples are given. Commonly held teachers’ beliefs (about language and science) are discussed, as these beliefs are sometimes contrary to the theoretical underpinnings of alternative strategies and impact negatively on their implementation in the classroom. It is hoped that this approach will allow teachers to reflect on their classroom practice not only in terms of teaching strategies but also by considering how their own beliefs guide this practice.
Evaluation of Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia and Its Subtypes With Updated Benzene Exposure and Mortality Estimates: A Lifetable Analysis of the Pliofilm Cohort

Objective: US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) based its benzene carcinogenicity assessment on the Pliofilm cohort. We evaluated associations between benzene exposure and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) risks using this cohort's updated exposure estimates and mortality data. Methods: We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for ANLL/AML using lifetable analyses, with various exposure quantile categories and lag times. Results: Workers in the highest exposure categories had significantly elevated risks of ANLL and AML; no leukemia cases occurred in lower exposure categories. Exposure within 10 years of cancer onset appears most relevant for leukemia induction. Conclusions: Our results confirmed the association between high-level benzene exposures and leukemia risks, and provided further evidence of a threshold effect and relevant exposure window. Our findings call for an updated risk assessment for benzene carcinogenicity using updated exposure estimates and mortality data.
An Assessment of The Demand for New Products of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG)

Assessing the approximation of demand for a new product is a complex work, while current research on demand assessment is limited. The purpose of this paper is to identify, describe, and obtain deep understanding comprehensively about: (1) the assessment of demand by principal companies in order to create or innovate new products; and (2) buyer responses regarding the assessment on demand aspect concerning on new product buying decision. This research uses qualitative method by phenomenology theoretical design that is: Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) principal within new product innovation, and FMCG wholesaler phenomenon within transactional buying-selling process between wholesalers and distributors. Data interpretation for this research is constructivism philosophy that is based on the location where buyer and seller, and companies do exist at traditional trade. The result identifies demand aspects those are demand of competitor product and categorical product, product segmentation, and demand of the product itself is: (1) several aspects that are valued by marketers in new product innovations. Aspects of demand are assessed by marketers for marketing mix strategy planning; and (2) the essences and buyer responses. Demand aspects are assessed by the buyer to estimate level of demand of new product within competition at internal or external condition.
Exploring Shared State in Key-Value Store for Window-Based Multi-pattern Streaming Analytics

We are now witnessing an unprecedented growth ofdata that needs to be processed at always increasing rates inorder to extract valuable insights. Big Data streaming analyticstools have been developed to cope with the online dimensionof data processing: they enable real-time handling of live datasources by means of stateful aggregations (operators). Currentstate-of-art frameworks (e.g. Apache Flink [1]) enable eachoperator to work in isolation by creating data copies, at theexpense of increased memory utilization. In this paper, weexplore the feasibility of deduplication techniques to addressthe challenge of reducing memory footprint for window-basedstream processing without significant impact on performance. We design a deduplication method specifically for window-basedoperators that rely on key-value stores to hold a sharedstate. We experiment with a synthetically generated workloadwhile considering several deduplication scenarios and based onthe results, we identify several potential areas of improvement. Our key finding is that more fine-grained interactions betweenstreaming engines and (key-value) stores need to be designedin order to better respond to scenarios that have to overcomememory scarcity.
Contamination aversion and repeated exposure to disgusting stimuli

Abstract Recent research has highlighted the central role of disgust in the etiology and maintenance of contamination aversion (CA). Data would also suggest that, although amendable to the treatment of choice for CA (exposure and response prevention [ERP]), disgust is resistant to habituation. However, with regard to CA, it is not yet known if disgust's resistance to habituation is an artifact of the emotion or the disorder. Specifically, research has not yet indicated if severity of CA moderates the effect of ERP on disgust. Utilizing an undergraduate convenience sample (n=33), the present study compared emotional responding (disgust and fear) with repeated exposure to a disgusting contamination-relevant stimulus between participants who are high in contamination aversion (HCA; n=17) and low in contamination aversion (LCA; n=16). Results indicated that, habituation of disgust was slower than fear within the HCA group but not the LCA group. Contrasts revealed that the decay of fear across trials was faster for HCA participants when compared with LCA participants, although decay of disgust was similar between groups. These results indicate that habituation of disgust is slower than fear when elevated CA is present.
Analysis of Potential Bridging Scenarios During Blowout Events

This paper demonstrates how simulation of wellbore pressures during different blowout scenarios, borehole stability analysis and solids transport can be applied to the problem of blowout risk assessment. This is a technology area that previously has been overlooked by petroleum geomechanics practitioners. The proposed analysis methodology emphasizes the importance of understanding the transient evolution of the kick within the borehole, as this is a key factor in assessing whether bridging is likely to occur during the events leading up to a blowout. Three representative situations are analyzed and conditions leading to self-killing are reviewed. Analyses of a shallow-gas kick and blowout reproduce the numerous field observations that self-killing is likely from the combination several possible mechanisms – borehole collapse of soft shales, sand erosion leading to cavity collapse in the initially-overpressured aquifer zone, gas depressurization and brine influx. For deeper water scenarios a sudden failure of the marine riser while drilling-ahead is expected to result in conditions where self-killing occurs. The rapid reduction in wellbore hydrostatic pressure following the loss of the riser margin is considered sufficient to initiate borehole failure that causes a cavings-loading that chokes the hydrocarbon influx, so allowing settling of the entrained solids and plugging of the borehole. In contrast, a more slowly-evolving swabbed kick is not expected to be self-killing. Here the slow progression of borehole instability is not expected to impede the increasing kick flow-rate. It is hoped that by presenting these analyses the industry may become better informed of the geomechanical and borehole stability aspects of kicks and blowouts, and that as a consequence well designs in deep-water can become more robust and inherently safer.
Institutional Horizontal Shareholdings and Generic Entry in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Brand-name pharmaceutical companies often file lawsuits against generic drug manufacturers that challenge the monopoly status of patent-protected drugs. Institutional horizontal shareholdings, measured by the generic shareholders' ownership in the brand-name company relative to their ownership in the generic manufacturer, are significantly positively associated with the likelihood that the two parties enter into a settlement agreement in which the brand pays the generic manufacturer to stay out of the market. Horizontal shareholdings are also positively associated with the brand's daily abnormal stock returns around the settlement agreement. Generic manufacturers who settle with the brand-name company are more likely to delay the sale of generic substitutes if they have higher horizontal shareholdings with the brand-name firm. These delays preclude other generic firms from entering the market.
Superresolution of self-similar textures

Texture enhancement presents an ongoing challenge, in spite of the considerable progress made in recent years. Whereas most of the effort has been devoted so far to enhancement of regular textures, stochastic textures, which exhibit fine details, are encountered in most natural images wherein they still present an outstanding problem insofar as superresolution enhancement is concerned. In this work, a texture model, based on fractional Brownian motion (fBm), is proposed. The model is based on our observation that, contrary to previous findings that images are not characterized by Gaussian distributions, natural stochastic textures (NST) are Gaussian. The model is global and does not entail using image patches. The fBm is a self-similar stochastic process. The self-similarity is known to characterize a large class of natural textures. The fBm-based model is evaluated and a single-image regularized superresolution algorithm is derived. The algorithm is useful for a wide range of textures. Its performance is compared with state-of-the-art single-image superresolution methods and its advantages are highlighted.
Non-negative matrix factorization for spectral colors using genetic algorithms : Substantially Updated Version

In this paper we introduce a novel method for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) using a genetic algorithm. The method finds the optimal basis functions for the spectral colors in both spectral and color spaces. We show that one version of the proposed algorithm works as well as the standard NMF algorithm in spectral space. Further, this algorithm is modified to obtain a functionality to work in color space which the standard NMF is currently not capable of providing. The modification involves optimization in color space reducing the approximation error by a factor of 6 for Macbeth ColorChecker colors. The algorithm can be used in digital camera design. In addition, we propose an algorithm based on multiobjective optimization in both spectral and color space which can be used in digital image archiving.
Electrophoretic typing of nosocomial rotavirus infection in a general paediatric unit showing the continual introduction of community strains

During 1989 stool specimens from hospitalised children with gastroenteritis at Ga‐Rankuwa Hospital in South Africa were examined for the presence of rotaviruses. Overall 16% of the children were positive for rotavirus. However, 43% of the rotavirus positive patients were infected in the hospital. Further characterisation of the rotavirus strains was performed by electrophoresis of the RNA genome and hybridisation analysis of the VP7 and VP4 genes present. The strains associated with nosocomial infection were similar to those strains acquired in the community. The majority of the strains, both community‐ or hospital‐ acquired, were associated with a serotype 1 strain with a long electrophoretype and bearing the Wa‐like VP4 gene. Three minor rotavirus strains with a long electrophoretype were also observed to be circulating bearing serotype 1 or 4 VP7 genes and the Wa‐like VP4 gene. Interestingly, a serotype 4 strain bearing the M37‐like VP4 gene was identified to occur almost exclusively in neonates although the gene was associated with diarrhoea in these cases. Two strains with differing short RNA electrophoretypes were also observed, members of which hybridised to VP7 serotype 2 and VP4 DS‐1 type probes. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Vicenistatin induces early endosome-derived vacuole formation in mammalian cells

Homotypic fusion of early endosomes is important for efficient protein trafficking and sorting. The key controller of this process is Rab5 which regulates several effectors and PtdInsPs levels, but whose mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report that vicenistatin, a natural product, enhanced homotypic fusion of early endosomes and induced the formation of large vacuole-like structures in mammalian cells. Unlike YM201636, another early endosome vacuolating compound, vicenistatin did not inhibit PIKfyve activity in vitro but activated Rab5-PAS pathway in cells. Furthermore, vicenistatin increased the membrane surface fluidity of cholesterol-containing liposomes in vitro, and cholesterol deprivation from the plasma membrane stimulated vicenistatin-induced vacuolation in cells. These results suggest that vicenistatin is a novel compound that induces the formation of vacuole-like structures by activating Rab5-PAS pathway and increasing membrane fluidity. Graphical abstract Vicenistatin is a novel compound that induces the formation of vacuole-like structures by activating Rab5-PAS pathway and increasing membrane fluidity.