Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Restorable Energy Aware Routing with Backup Sharing in Software Defined Networks

—Energy aware routing with restoration is of much importance for the network to enhance reliability as the relatively concentrated traffic makes the network vulnerable to link failures and sudden traffic bursts after energy saving. For restoration, each request has an active path and a link disjoint backup path. With sufficient path routing knowledge, backup paths can be shared for bandwidth efficiency. This is possible in Software Defined Networks (SDNs) owing to the centralized controller which can collect global information. In this paper, we first combine energy saving with restoration and address the problem called Restorable Energy Aware Routing with Backup Sharing (REAR-BS) in SDNs during off-peak hours when backup sharing is allowed. We formulate a nonlinear integer programming model to minimize the number of used links while putting idle ones to sleep under constraints of maximum link utilization and restoration. We rewrite it as a linear model and give a lower bound for this NP-hard problem. Then, we design a heuristic algorithm called Green Restorable Algorithm (GreRA) to tackle this problem. Extensive simulation results on real and synthetic topologies and traffic demands show the effectiveness of GreRA when compared to CPLEX solutions, shortest path routing with restoration and lower bound.
Exploring the Role of Computers in Sex and Relationship Education within British Families

In this study, we aimed to identify the impact that computers can have in relation to sex and relationship education, as well as to provide a communication model that can be used within British families. We used a mixed-methods approach to explore the factors that influence communication of sexual matters within British families. Twenty families from the northeast of England were recruited through purposive sampling. First, semistructured interviews were conducted to identify how sexual matters were discussed within families. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then analyzed using the grounded theory approach. The second part of the research involved identifying the impact of using a computer program on knowledge and confidence within families to enhance communication about sexual matters. Although the majority of parents and their children were found to discuss sexual matters, the computer program was found to increase knowledge and confidence, which led to greater communication within families. The results highlighted the beneficial role that computer programs can have when educating and increasing communication within families. Future research needs to focus on improving access to information relating to sex and relationship education for parents so they can educate and talk openly about sexual matters with their children. A resource that does exactly this is www.safecoolsex. com.
Combined prediction model of quantum genetic grey prediction model and support vector machine

The grey forecasting model has been successfully used in many fields. But it still has some defects. Research has found that the problems of the conventional grey prediction model in the background value and the boundary value have great influence on the accuracy of prediction result. To address this problem, a combinatorial optimization method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional grey prediction model, the quantum genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of grey prediction model based on the least square calculation model parameters. Secondly, the support vector machine regression is used to predict the residual sequence to fix the prediction result yielded by the optimized prediction model talked above. Finally, examples are given to show that the combination prediction model proposed in this paper has higher prediction accuracy compared with the conventional grey prediction method.
Simulations of wave conditions on an open beach configuration: wind resolution, seaward forcing and whitecapping effects

In the present study, the SWAN model was employed to estimate the wave field on an open sandy beach at the west coast of Portugal. It is the purpose of this work to evaluate the sensitivity of nearshore wave propagation modelling to (i) the wind field resolution, (ii) the type of information used at the offshore boundary to drive the simulations, and (iii) the whitecapping formulation used by the wave model. Wave measurements from an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) sensor moored in 17 m depth (datum), and operating during a rather stormy period, were used to model comparisons. The comparison showed that no significant differences in the results were found between the two wind field resolutions tested and also that an improvement was observed when the model of van der Westhuysen et al. (2007) is used for the whitecapping dissipation, instead of the default formulation by Komen et al. (1984). Dans la présente étude, le modèle SWAN a été utilisé pour estimer le champ des vagues sur une côte sableuse de la côte Ouest du Portugal ouverte sur l’Océan Atlantique. Cette étude vise à évaluer la sensibilité de la modélisation de la propagation des vagues en zone côtière (i) à la résolution du champ de vent, (ii) au type d’information utilisé pour imposer les conditions sur la frontière maritime et (iii) à le formulation utilisé dans le modèle pour la dissipation due au moutonnement. Les mesures des vagues ont été faites avec un capteur ADCP mouillé par 17 m de profondeur, exploité pendant une période englobant deux épisodes de tempête. La comparaison a permis de montrer qu’il n’y a pas de différences significatives entre les deux résolutions du champ de vent testées, et également qu’une amélioration est observée lorsqu’ est utilisé le modèle van der Westhuysen et al. (2007) pour la dissipation par moutonnement à la place de la formulation par défaut de Komen et al. (1984).
Solving the job shop scheduling problem with operators by depth-first heuristic search enhanced with global pruning rules

The job shop scheduling problem with an additional resource type has been recently proposed to model the situation where each operation in a job shop has to be assisted by one of a limited set of human operators. We confront this problem with the objective of minimizing the total flow time, which makes the problem more interesting from a practical point of view and harder to solve than the version with makespan minimization. To solve this problem we propose an enhanced dept-first search algorithm. This algorithm exploits a schedule generation schema termed OG&T, two admissible heuristics and some powerful pruning rules. In order to diversify the search, we also consider a variant of this algorithm with restarts. We have conducted an experimental study across several benchmarks. The results of this study show that the global pruning rules are really effective and that the proposed algorithms are quite competent for solving this problem.
MATHEMATICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL REPORTS CholeskyQR2: A Simple and Communication-Avoiding Algorithm for Computing a Tall-Skinny QR Factorization on a Large-Scale Parallel System

Designing communication-avoiding algorithms is crucial for high performance computing on a largescale parallel system. The TSQR algorithm is a communication-avoiding algorithm for computing a tall-skinny QR factorization, and TSQR is known to be much faster and as stable as the classical Householder QR algorithm. The Cholesky QR algorithm is another very simple and fast communication-avoiding algorithm, but rarely used in practice because of its numerical instability. Our recent work points out that an algorithm that simply repeats Cholesky QR twice, which we call CholeskyQR2, gives excellent accuracy for a wide range of matrices arising in practice. Although the communication cost of CholeskyQR2 is twice that of TSQR, it has an advantage that its reduction operation is addition whereas that of TSQR is a QR factorization, whose high-performance implementation is more difficult. Thus, CholeskyQR2 can potentially be significantly faster than TSQR. Indeed, in our experiments using 16384 nodes of the K computer, CholeskyQR2 ran about three times faster than TSQR for a 4194304× 64 matrix.
A mixed precision Monte Carlo methodology for reconfigurable accelerator systems

This paper introduces a novel mixed precision methodology applicable to any Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. It involves the use of data-paths with reduced precision, and the resulting errors are corrected by auxiliary sampling. An analytical model is developed for a reconfigurable accelerator system with a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and a general purpose processor (GPP). Optimisation based on mixed integer geometric programming is employed for determining the optimal reduced precision and optimal resource allocation among the MC data-paths and correction datapaths. Experiments show that the proposed mixed precision methodology requires up to 11 % additional evaluations while less than 4 % of all the evaluations are computed in the reference precision; the resulting designs are up to 7.1 times faster and 3.1 times more energy efficient than baseline double precision FPGA designs, and up to 163 times faster and 170 times more energy efficient than quad-core software designs optimised with the Intel compiler and Math Kernel Library. Our methodology also produces designs for pricing Asian options which are 4.6 times faster and 5.5 times more energy efficient than NVIDIA Tesla C2070 GPU implementations.
2D GPR monitoring without a source by interferometry in a 3D world

Creating virtual sources at locations where physical receivers have measured a response is known as seismic interferometry. The method does not use any information about the actual source's location. The source can be mobile phone radiation, already available in the air, as long as this background radiation can be represented by uncorrelated noise sources. Interferometry by multi-dimensional deconvolution (MDD) `divides the common path out of the data', resulting in amplitude and phase information. Meanwhile, interferometry by cross-correlation (CC) uses time-reversion to retrieve phase information only. CC works fine for low-dissipative media. A finite difference time-domain solver can create 3D line-array data of receiving antennas on a surface of which the subsurface is homogeneous perpendicular to this receiver-array, without having anything being transmitted, other than background radiation. By applying the MDD and CC techniques, the 2D GPR signal can be retrieved as if there would be a transmitting antenna at a receiving antenna's position. Numerical results show that both MDD and CC work well.
Sequence signatures of direct complementarity between mRNAs and cognate proteins on multiple levels

A potential connection between physico-chemical properties of mRNAs and cognate proteins, with implications concerning both the origin of the genetic code and mRNA–protein interactions, is unexplored. We compare pyrimidine content of naturally occurring mRNA coding sequences with the propensity of cognate protein sequences to interact with pyrimidines. The latter is captured by polar requirement, a measure of solubility of amino acids in aqueous solutions of pyridines, heterocycles closely related to pyrimidines. We find that the higher the pyrimidine content of an mRNA, the stronger the average propensity of its cognate protein’s amino acids to interact with pyridines. Moreover, window-averaged pyrimidine profiles of individual mRNAs strongly mirror polar-requirement profiles of cognate protein sequences. For example, 4953 human proteins exhibit a correlation between the two with |R| > 0.8. In other words, pyrimidine-rich mRNA regions quantitatively correspond to regions in cognate proteins containing residues soluble in pyrimidine mimetics and vice versa. Finally, by studying randomized genetic code variants we show that the universal genetic code is highly optimized to preserve these correlations. Overall, our findings redefine the stereo-chemical hypothesis concerning code’s origin and provide evidence of direct complementary interactions between mRNAs and cognate proteins before development of ribosomal decoding, but also presently, especially if both are unstructured.
Preconditioning Triggered by Carbon Monoxide (CO) Provides Neuronal Protection Following Perinatal Hypoxia-Ischemia

Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia is a major cause of acute mortality in newborns and cognitive and motor impairments in children. Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia leads to excitotoxicity and necrotic and apoptotic cell death, in which mitochondria play a major role. Increased resistance against major damage can be achieved by preconditioning triggered by subtle insults. CO, a toxic molecule that is also generated endogenously, may have a role in preconditioning as low doses can protect against inflammation and apoptosis. In this study, the role of CO-induced preconditioning on neurons was addressed in vitro and in vivo. The effect of 1 h of CO treatment on neuronal death (plasmatic membrane permeabilization and chromatin condensation) and bcl-2 expression was studied in cerebellar granule cells undergoing to glutamate-induced apoptosis. CO's role was studied in vivo in the Rice-Vannucci model of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (common carotid artery ligature +75 min at 8% oxygen). Apoptotic cells, assessed by Nissl staining were counted with a stereological approach and cleaved caspase 3-positive profiles in the hippocampus were assessed. Apoptotic hallmarks were analyzed in hippocampal extracts by Western Blot. CO inhibited excitotoxicity-induced cell death and increased Bcl-2 mRNA in primary cultures of neurons. In vivo, CO prevented hypoxia-ischemia induced apoptosis in the hippocampus, limited cytochrome c released from mitochondria and reduced activation of caspase-3. Still, Bcl-2 protein levels were higher in hippocampus of CO pre-treated rat pups. Our results show that CO preconditioning elicits a molecular cascade that limits neuronal apoptosis. This could represent an innovative therapeutic strategy for high-risk cerebral hypoxia-ischemia patients, in particular neonates.
F ¨ Ur Mathematik in Den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig a Projection Method to Solve Linear Systems in Tensor Format a Projection Method to Solve Linear Systems in Tensor Format

In this paper we propose a method for the numerical solution of linear systems of equations in low rank tensor format. Such systems may arise from the discreti-sation of PDEs in high dimensions but our method is not limited to this type of application. We present an iterative scheme which is based on the projection of the residual to a low dimensional subspace. The subspace is spanned by vectors in low rank tensor format which — similarly to Krylov subspace methods — stem from the subsequent (approximate) application of the given matrix to the residual. All calculations are performed in hierarchical Tucker format which allows for applications in high dimensions. The mode size dependency is treated by a multilevel method. We present numerical examples that include high-dimensional convection-diffusion equations and shift-invert eigenvalue solvers.
Effect of hot extrusion and heat treatment on CNTs–Al interfacial bond strength in hybrid aluminium composites

Moderate carbon nanotubes (CNTs–Al) bond strength plays a key role in determining the mechanical and physical properties of the composite. Here, the effect of hot extrusion and heat treatment on the CNTs–Al reaction and their bond state were investigated in SiCw + CNTs/6061Al hybrid composites prepared by squeeze casting. The results show that the reaction activation energy between CNTs and molten 6061Al is slightly higher than that between CNTs and 2024Al. Reaction between CNTs and Al may also happen at temperature below solidus temperature of 6061Al. After the hot-extruded composite was heat-treated at 580 °C for 1 h, the composite shows enhanced tensile strength due to the improvement of interfacial bond strength between CNTs and Al. Fracture surface observation reveals that the improvement of the tensile strength is related to the enhancement of CNTs–Al bond strength. This demonstrates that controllable interfacial reaction may be adopted to introduce moderate interaction layer between CNTs and Al, and thus raise their bond strength.
Proximal Fluid Proteome Profiling of Mouse Colon Tumors Reveals Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Human Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor lesions is an effective approach to reduce CRC mortality rates. This study aimed to identify novel protein biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CRC. Experimental Design: Proximal fluids are a rich source of candidate biomarkers as they contain high concentrations of tissue-derived proteins. The FabplCre;Apc15lox/+ mouse model represents early-stage development of human sporadic CRC. Proximal fluids were collected from normal colon and colon tumors and subjected to in-depth proteome profiling by tandem mass spectrometry. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CHI3L1 human serum protein levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Of the 2,172 proteins identified, quantitative comparison revealed 192 proteins that were significantly (P < 0.05) and abundantly (>5-fold) more excreted by tumors than by controls. Further selection for biomarkers with highest specificity and sensitivity yielded 52 candidates, including S100A9, MCM4, and four other proteins that have been proposed as candidate biomarkers for human CRC screening or surveillance, supporting the validity of our approach. For CHI3L1, we verified that protein levels were significantly increased in sera from patients with adenomas and advanced adenomas compared with control individuals, in contrast to the CRC biomarker CEA. Conclusion: These data show that proximal fluid proteome profiling with a mouse tumor model is a powerful approach to identify candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis of human cancer, exemplified by increased CHI3L1 protein levels in sera from patients with CRC precursor lesions. Clin Cancer Res; 18(9); 2613–24. ©2012 AACR.
High Fidelity Distributed Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation For Space Robot on CAN-based Network

The cost and risks associated with the execution of robotics tasks in space require that all procedures be verified on Earth prior to their execution. The DLR-HIT Joint Robotics Lab is responsible for the verification of all the tasks of space manipulator of the Chinese free-flight robot space satellite system. We are currently developing the free-flight robot task verification facility (FTVF) through a hardware-in-the-loop way. It consists of a series of simulation and analysis tools to be used for verifying the kinematics (clearance, interface reach, degrees of freedom), dynamics (computed torque, flexibility), visual accessibility (ability to see the work site) and computation power (control period). This paper presents both theoretical and experimental study on the control of a free-flying robot manipulator for space application. The goal of the study is to develop a new control method and hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for target capturing with vision sensor in micro-gravity space environment, considering the dynamical interaction between the space robot and its mobile satellite base. Finally experimental results demonstrate the effect of the simulation system
Injuries and helmet use related to non-motorized wheeled activities among pediatric patients.

INTRODUCTION Patients presenting to emergency departments (ED) for injuries resulting from recreational activities represent a unique source of information on important directions for injury prevention efforts. We describe the epidemiology of non-motorized wheeled activity-related injury in pediatric patients presenting to Canadian EDs as well as patients' helmet use. METHODS Data for the years 2004 to 2009 were abstracted from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP), a national ED injury surveillance program in fifteen hospitals. RESULTS Most of the 28 618 children aged 1 to 16 years injured during non-motorized wheeled activities were injured while cycling, followed by skateboarding. Most injuries occurred among boys. Children injured on scooters tended to be younger whereas skateboarders were the oldest. On average, the number of all injuries decreased by 6% over the time period. Falls were the most common mechanism of injury; 8.3% of patients had head injuries, which were seen more often among cyclists than other wheeled-activity users. Helmet use was greatest among cyclists (62.2%) and lowest among skateboarders (32.9%). Injured patients presenting to EDs in jurisdictions with legislation mandating helmet use had 2.12 greater odds of helmet use and 0.86 lesser odds of head injury compared with those presenting in jurisdictions without helmet laws. CONCLUSION These results provide further evidence that legislation mandating helmet use may be an effective way of reducing injury among all wheeled-activity users. The small number of patients who presented with helmet use and protective gear (59.4% overall) suggests that this remains an area for intervention.
Multistep energy and electron transfer processes in novel rotaxane donor–acceptor hybrids generating microsecond-lived charge separated states

A new set of [Cu(phen)2]+ based rotaxanes, featuring [60]-fullerene as an electron acceptor and a variety of electron donating moieties, namely zinc porphyrin (ZnP), zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and ferrocene (Fc), has been synthesized and fully characterized.
Nuclear RNA surveillance: role of TRAMP in controlling exosome specificity

The advent of high‐throughput sequencing technologies has revealed that pervasive transcription generates RNAs from nearly all regions of eukaryotic genomes. Normally, these transcripts undergo rapid degradation by a nuclear RNA surveillance system primarily featuring the RNA exosome. This multimeric protein complex plays a critical role in the efficient turnover and processing of a vast array of RNAs in the nucleus. Despite its initial discovery over a decade ago, important questions remain concerning the mechanisms that recruit and activate the nuclear exosome. Specificity and modulation of exosome activity requires additional protein cofactors, including the conserved TRAMP polyadenylation complex. Recent studies suggest that helicase and RNA‐binding subunits of TRAMP direct RNA substrates for polyadenylation, which enhances their degradation by Dis3/Rrp44 and Rrp6, the two exosome‐associated ribonucleases. These findings indicate that the exosome and TRAMP have evolved highly flexible functions that allow recognition of a wide range of RNA substrates. This flexibility provides the nuclear RNA surveillance system with the ability to regulate the levels of a broad range of coding and noncoding RNAs, which results in profound effects on gene expression, cellular development, gene silencing, and heterochromatin formation. This review summarizes recent findings on the nuclear RNA surveillance complexes, and speculates upon possible mechanisms for TRAMP‐mediated substrate recognition and exosome activation. WIREs RNA 2013, 4:217–231. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1155