Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AppDialogue: Multi-App Dialogues for Intelligent Assistants

Users will interact with an individual app on smart devices (e.g., phone, TV, car) to fulfill a specific goal (e.g. find a photographer), but users may also pursue more complex tasks that will span multiple domains and apps (e.g. plan a wedding ceremony). Planning and executing such multi-app tasks are typically managed by users, considering the required global context awareness. To investigate how users arrange domains/apps to fulfill complex tasks in their daily life, we conducted a user study on 14 participants to collect such data from their Android smart phones. This document 1) summarizes the techniques used in the data collection and 2) provides a brief statistical description of the data. This data guilds the future direction for researchers in the fields of conversational agent and personal assistant, etc. This data is available at http://AppDialogue.com.
X-ray and Biochemical Analysis of N370S Mutant Human Acid β-Glucosidase

Gaucher disease is caused by mutations in the enzyme acid β-glucosidase (GCase), the most common of which is the substitution of serine for asparagine at residue 370 (N370S). To characterize the nature of this mutation, we expressed human N370S GCase in insect cells and compared the x-ray structure and biochemical properties of the purified protein with that of the recombinant human GCase (imiglucerase, Cerezyme®). The x-ray structure of N370S mutant acid β-glucosidase at acidic and neutral pH values indicates that the overall folding of the N370S mutant is identical to that of recombinant GCase. Subtle differences were observed in the conformation of a flexible loop at the active site and in the hydrogen bonding ability of aromatic residues on this loop with residue 370 and the catalytic residues Glu-235 and Glu-340. Circular dichroism spectroscopy showed a pH-dependent change in the environment of tryptophan residues in imiglucerase that is absent in N370S GCase. The mutant protein was catalytically deficient with reduced Vmax and increased Km values for the substrate p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside and reduced sensitivity to competitive inhibitors. N370S GCase was more stable to thermal denaturation and had an increased lysosomal half-life compared with imiglucerase following uptake into macrophages. The competitive inhibitor N-(n-nonyl)deoxynojirimycin increased lysosomal levels of both N370S and imiglucerase 2–3-fold by reducing lysosomal degradation. Overall, these data indicate that the N370S mutation results in a normally folded but less flexible protein with reduced catalytic activity compared with imiglucerase.
Need for community care among psychotic outpatients

Psychiatric teams examined a representative sample of 177 psychotic patients in community care. The patients’ need for care was assessed using a standardized method. The need for alternative, noninstitutional forms of care (i.e. day and residential services) was greater than the actual use of these services. The same was true of the need for support in social activities, for occupational therapy, training in domestic skills, counselling for relatives and psychotherapy. Unmet needs for care were commonest among patients who were young, who drank heavily, and who suffered from many psychotic symptoms and drug side effects. Outpatient care based primarily on visits to the community mental health centres did not provide adequate services for the most disabled patients. It is concluded that decrease of hospital care has brought a growing need for psychiatric day and residential services among outpatients suffering from psychotic disorders.
COX-2 and PPAR-γ Confer Cannabidiol-Induced Apoptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells

The antitumorigenic mechanism of cannabidiol is still controversial. This study investigates the role of COX-2 and PPAR-γ in cannabidiol's proapoptotic and tumor-regressive action. In lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460) and primary cells from a patient with lung cancer, cannabidiol elicited decreased viability associated with apoptosis. Apoptotic cell death by cannabidiol was suppressed by NS-398 (COX-2 inhibitor), GW9662 (PPAR-γ antagonist), and siRNA targeting COX-2 and PPAR-γ. Cannabidiol-induced apoptosis was paralleled by upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ mRNA and protein expression with a maximum induction of COX-2 mRNA after 8 hours and continuous increases of PPAR-γ mRNA when compared with vehicle. In response to cannabidiol, tumor cell lines exhibited increased levels of COX-2–dependent prostaglandins (PG) among which PGD2 and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2) caused a translocation of PPAR-γ to the nucleus and induced a PPAR-γ–dependent apoptotic cell death. Moreover, in A549-xenografted nude mice, cannabidiol caused upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ in tumor tissue and tumor regression that was reversible by GW9662. Together, our data show a novel proapoptotic mechanism of cannabidiol involving initial upregulation of COX-2 and PPAR-γ and a subsequent nuclear translocation of PPAR-γ by COX-2–dependent PGs. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(1); 69–82. ©2012 AACR.
Presynaptic parkinsonism in multiple system atrophy mimicking Parkinson's disease: A clinicopathological case study

We describe the clinicopathological findings in a patient aged 63 years at death who, at age 55 years, developed levodopa‐responsive parkinsonism with no atypical features. A diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) was made. During the clinical course, fluctuations and dyskinesias appeared. Eight years after onset, he was successfully treated with subthalamic nucleus stimulation but died 3 weeks postoperatively from pulmonary embolus. Brain autopsy showed marked neuronal loss and gliosis in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus, and, to a much lesser extent, in the basis pontis, inferior olivary nuclei, and cerebellar cortex. Striatum was normal. There were numerous oligodendroglial and neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and neuropil threads, the highest density being localized in the pons and cerebellar white matter. No Lewy bodies were observed. We conclude that nigral, presynaptic parkinsonism may occur in multiple system atrophy, which even in the long run can be indistinguishable from PD. Putaminal preservation accounts for good response to both levodopa therapy and subthalamic nucleus stimulation. © 2002 Movement Disorder Society
Mindfulness Training Assists Individuals With Moderate Mental Retardation to Maintain Their Community Placements

The mindfulness procedure Meditation on the Soles of the Feet can help individuals with mild mental retardation control aggressive behavior. In this study, our aim was to teach this mindfulness technique, using a multiple baseline design, to 3 individuals with moderate mental retardation who were at risk of losing their community placements because of their aggressive behavior. These individuals initially found the procedure difficult to comprehend because they could not easily visualize past anger-producing situations, but mastery was achieved when we incorporated recreating-the-scene as a prompt and added a discriminative stimulus on the soles of the participants' feet. Aggressive behavior decreased with mindfulness training, and follow-up data showed that they managed their aggressive behavior in the community for at least 2 years and thus were able to retain their community placements.
Financial Constraints and Firms' Exporting Behavior:Empirical Study on Industrial Firms

Using a panel data of over 30 thousand Chinese manufacturing firms during 2000—2007,we construct indicators which include information from internal funds,trade debit,credit criteria,and others.The estimations based on a Heckman selection model show that firms with better access to financial resources have greater probabilities and volumes of export.The financial improvement has greater impact on foreign firms than on domestic firms in export.Although private firms do face tougher financial constraints compared with SOEs,their performances in export are not worse.The export-promoting effect of a better financial status is more significant in sectors that depend more on external finance.
The Potency of Erythropoietin-Mimic Antibodies Correlates Inversely with Affinity

Preclinical animal studies have shown that Ab12.6, an agonistic human Ab targeting the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR), exhibits several potential dosing and safety features that make it an attractive clinical candidate for the treatment of anemia. Ab12.6 was derived by yeast display affinity maturation of parental Ab12, a strategy initially intended to improve off-rate and affinity for EPOR, thereby enhancing erythropoietic activity. Analysis of full-length IgGs derived from yeast clones identified sequences within Ab12 CDRH2 that independently influenced both affinity and potency. The Ab12.6 derivative displayed improved in vitro potency and in vivo efficacy, although its binding affinity to the EPOR was lower than that of the parent Ab12. Additional Ab12 derivatives also exhibited an inverse correlation between affinity and potency. These results suggest that for this class of agonistic Abs, faster off-rates may permit continuous receptor stimulation and more efficient erythropoiesis.
Limitations of the Nonhuman Pregnancy Kit for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Baboons

The Nonhuman Primate Pregnancy Test (NHPPT) kit was evaluated for diagnosis of pregnancy in baboons. Unreadable controls rendered 33% of all tests inconclusive. Refrigeration and dilution did little to improve the number of inconclusive tests. Positive‐ and false‐negative results from readable tests on days 20 to 27 of confirmed pregnancy were 75% and 25%, respectively. The NHPPT did not always provide an accurate diagnosis of pregnancy and often proved unreadable.
Demyelination and remyelination of the caudal cerebellar peduncle of adult rats following stereotaxic injections of lysolecithin, ethidium bromide, and complement/anti‐galactocerebroside: A comparative study

Experimentally induced demyelination due to the direct injection of gliotoxic agents has provided powerful models for studying the biology of remyelination. For the most part, these models have involved injection into white matter tracts of the spinal cord. However, the spinal cord has a number of limitations, such as the size of lesions that it is possible to make and its unsuitability for long‐term direct cannulation for the delivery of putative remyelination‐enhancing agents. In this study, we describe the natural history of three new models of demyelination/remyelination based on the stereotaxic injection of three gliotoxins: lysolecithin, ethidium bromide, and a combination of anti‐galactocerebroside antibody and complement (GalC‐ab/comp) into the caudal cerebellar peduncle of adult rats. All three agents produced large areas of demyelination with minimal axonal damage, which undergo extensive remyelination. Ethidium bromide‐ and GalC‐ab/comp‐induced lesions remyelinated more slowly than those induced by lysolecithin. The contribution to the remyelination of the lesion by Schwann cells reflects the degree of astrocyte damage incurred within the demyelinated area and is greatest for ethidium bromide‐induced demyelination. These new models not only provide further insights into the mechanisms of CNS remyelination but also provide a valuable new resource for addressing a series of key issues relevant to current efforts to promote CNS remyelination either by the enhancement of intrinsic processes or by the transplantation of myelinogenic cells. GLIA 25:216–228, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An intensive perioperative regimen of pregabalin and celecoxib reduces pain and improves physical function scores six weeks after total hip arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Despite the success of total hip arthroplasty (THA), some patients experience persistent pain and poor function after surgery. Predictors of poor outcomes include the presence of significant pre- and postoperative pain. Patients undergoing THA often experience severe, long-standing pain before surgery that may compromise the outcome of the procedure. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of administering pregabalin and celecoxib for two weeks before and three weeks after THA in patients with moderate to severe pain before surgery. The aim was to determine whether patients with well-controlled pain both before surgery and in the acute postoperative period experience less pain and better physical function six weeks after THA. METHODS A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted. Group 1 received pregabalin (75 mg twice per day) and celecoxib (100 mg twice per day) for 14 days before THA and for three weeks after discharge. Group 2 received a placebo for the same duration. All patients received pregabalin and celecoxib 2 h before surgery and while in the hospital. RESULTS On the morning of surgery, patients in group 1 reported less pain at rest (mean [± SD] pain intensity measured on a visual analogue scale [VAS] 2.1±1.4) compared with group 2 (3.3±1.9; P=0.04). Patients in group 1 experienced less pain 3 h to 4 h postoperation (P<0.001). There was no difference in morphine consumption between the two groups. Six weeks after THA, movement-evoked pain was lower in group 1 (VAS 0.8±0.6) compared with group 2 (VAS 2.0±1.3; P=0.01). Group 1 reported better physical function, measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire score (P=0.04). There was no significant difference in 6 min walk test performance between the two groups. CONCLUSION Intensive pain control with pregabalin and celecoxib improves pain and physical function after THA.
Advances in Brief A Conditional Replication-competent Adenoviral Vector , Ad-OCE 1 a , to Cotarget Prostate Cancer and Bone Stroma in an Experimental Model of Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis 1

Prostate cancer has a high propensity to metastasize to bone, which often resists hormone, radiation, and chemotherapies. Because of the reciprocal nature of the prostate cancer and bone stroma interaction, we designed a cotargeting strategy using a conditional replication-competent adenovirus to target the growth of tumor cells and their associated osteoblasts. The recombinant Ad-OC-E1a was constructed using a noncollagenous bone matrix protein osteocalcin (OC) promoter to drive the viral early E1a gene with restricted replication in cells that express OC transcriptional activity. Unlike Ad-PSE-E1a, Ad-OC-E1a was highly efficient in inhibiting the growth of PSA-producing (LNCaP, C4–2, and ARCaP) and nonproducing (PC-3 and DU145) human prostate cancer cell lines. This virus was also found to effectively inhibit the growth of human osteoblasts and human prostate stromal cells in vitro. Athymic mice bearing s.c. androgen receptor-negative and PSA-negative PC-3 xenografts responded to a single intratumoral administration of 2 10 plaque-forming unit(s) of Ad-OC-E1a. In SCID/bg mice, intraosseous growth of androgen receptor-positive and PSA-producing C4–2 xenografts responded markedly to i.v. administrations of a single dose of Ad-OC-E1a. One hundred percent of the treated mice responded to this systemic Ad-OC-E1a therapy with a decline of serum PSA to an undetectable level, and 80% of the mice with PSA rebound responded to the second dose of systemic Ad-OC-E1a. Forty percent of the mice were found to be cured by systemic Ad-OC-E1a without subsequent PSA rebound or tumor cells found in the skeleton. This cotargeting strategy shows a broader spectrum and appears to be more effective than systemic Ad-PSE-E1a in preclinical models of human prostate cancer skeletal
Prognostic value of the aminopyrine breath test in cirrhotic patients

The aminopyrine breath test has been proposed as a quantitative test of hepatic function, but its long‐term prognostic value in patients with cirrhosis has not been determined. The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of the aminopyrine breath test in assessing prognosis and to compare it with traditional methods of evaluating liver function. One‐hundred eighty‐seven patients with histologically confirmed cirrhosis were studied prospectively. An aminopyrine breath test was obtained at the time of inclusion in the study and results were expressed as per cent of the dose excreted in 2 hr. At inclusion, the severity of liver disease was also assessed according to the Pugh modification of the Child‐Turcotte classification based on ascites, neurological status, serum albumin, serum bilirubin and prothrombin time. Mean follow‐up was 844 days. During that period, 59 of 187 patients died of their liver disease. Two‐year survival decreased with increasing Child‐Turcotte classification score: survival was 98% in Child Class A patients (n = 62), 66% in Child Class B (n = 76) and 36% in Child Class C (n = 49) (χ2 = 65.6, p < 0.001). Two‐year survival also decreased significantly with increasing degree of aminopyrine breath test abnormalities: survival was 90% in patients with aminopyrine breath test > 4% (n = 56); 78% in patients with aminopyrine breath test = 2 to 4% (n = 66), and 43% in patients with aminopyrine breath test < 2% (n = 65) (χ2 = 36.9, p < 0.001). To test whether the aminopyrine breath test contributed significantly to the likelihood of survival once the Child‐Turcotte criteria are taken into account, a step‐wise survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazard model was performed. At the final step, ascites, encephalopathy, albumin and bilirubin (but not the aminopyrine breath test) were found to be independent variables significantly related to survival. Our results suggest that the Child‐Turcotte classification provides valuable prognostic information whereas the aminopyrine breath test does not add any information to our ability to predict once the Child‐Turcotte classification score has been used.
Rigorous solutions of large-scale dielectric problems with the parallel multilevel fast multipole algorithm

We present fast and accurate solutions of large-scale electromagnetics problems involving three-dimensional homogeneous dielectric objects. Problems are formulated rigorously with the electric and magnetic current combined-field integral equation (JMCFIE) and solved iteratively with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA). In order to solve large-scale problems, MLFMA is parallelized efficiently on distributed-memory architectures using the hierarchical partitioning strategy. Efficiency and accuracy of the developed implementation are demonstrated on very large scattering problems discretized with tens of millions of unknowns.
Adaptive Hierarchical Fracture Model for Enhanced Geothermal Systems

In enhanced geothermal systems, cold working fluid (usually water) is injected into a fractured reservoir to enhance the efficiency of the power plant by increasing the conductivity of existing fractures and by creating new ones. For the modeling of single phase flow and transport in such dynamically changing fractured reservoirs, a new approach is presented. It is based on a hierarchical fracture representation that results in a network of multiple dominant fractures through which most of the mass flow occurs. These large fractures have a discrete representation, i.e., each fracture is represented by a lower dimensional continuum. A single continuum representation is also employed for the damaged matrix, which consists of many small and medium sized fractures accounted for by appropriate effective properties. The main advantage of the new approach is that no expensive remeshing of the domain is required whenever new fractures are added. Here, discretization and coupling between the different continua (damaged matrix with discrete dominant fractures) are explained. In order to remove singularities, kernel functions have been introduced in the governing equations to capture discontinuities like fractures and intersections thereof. This way transfer coefficients are well defined. Numerical verification studies involving flow and heat transport are presented and discussed. It has to be emphasized that geomechanics, rock chemistry, and upscaling are not topics of this paper.
Equivalent-Circuit Modeling for Multilayer Capacitors Based on Coupled Transmission-Line Theory

This paper provides a novel modeling methodology for multilayer capacitors (MLCs) based on the coupled transmission-line theory. From an analytical solution of a single-layer capacitor, first- and second-order equivalent-circuit models for an N-layer capacitor are introduced using an infinite series approximation. The models demonstrated accurate prediction of the behavior of MLCs up to the first and second self-resonant frequencies. In addition, distributed physical parameters for the models were extracted directly from S-parameter measurements without an optimization process. High-frequency MLCs were measured up to 20 GHz using a vector network analyzer and compared with models from 1 to 47 pF.
Empirical Test of CAPM in Shanghai Stock Market

Countless empirical researches have been conducted to test the validity of the Capital Asset Pricng Model (CAPM) since its naissance. There have both affirmations and challenges to the CAPM. ffe empirical test of time-serial regression and cross-sectional regression is applied to check the validity of CAPM in Shanghai stock market in this paper. It is concluded that beta has no explanatory power and linear relation over average stock return. Thus we think that the CAPM does not work in shanghai stock.
Chemotactic response of Escherichia coli to chemically synthesized amino acids

In Escherichia coli, seven of the commonly occurring amino acids are strong attractants: L-aspartate, L-serine, L-glutamate, L-alanine, L-asparagine, glycine, and L-cysteine, in order of decreasing effectiveness. The chemotactic response to each amino acid attractant is mediated by either methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein I or II, but not by both. Seven of the commonly occurring amino acids are repellents. This work was carried out with chemically synthesized amino acids.
Assessing Patient Attitudes to Computerized Screening in Primary Care: Psychometric Properties of the Computerized Lifestyle Assessment Scale

Background Computer-based health-risk assessments are electronic surveys which can be completed by patients privately, for example during their waiting time in a clinic, generating a risk report for the clinician and a recommendation sheet for the patient at the point of care. Despite increasing popularity of such computer-based health-risk assessments, patient attitudes toward such tools are rarely evaluated by reliable and valid scales. The lack of psychometric appraisal of appropriate scales is an obstacle to advancing the field. Objective This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a 14-item Computerized Lifestyle Assessment Scale (CLAS). Methods Out of 212 female patients receiving the study information at a family practice clinic, 202 completed a paper questionnaire, for a response rate of 97.6%. After 2 weeks, 52 patients completed the scale a second time. Results Principal component analysis revealed that CLAS is a multidimensional scale consisting of four subscales (factors): (1) Benefits: patient-perceived benefits toward the quality of medical consultation and means of achieving them, (2) Privacy-Barrier: concerns about information privacy, (3) Interaction-Barrier: concerns about potential interference in their interaction with the physician, and (4) Interest: patient interest in computer-assisted health assessments. Each subscale had good internal consistency reliability ranging from . 50 (2-item scale) to . 85 (6-item scale). The study also provided evidence of scale stability over time with intraclass correlation coefficients of . 91, . 82, . 86, and . 67 for the four subscales, respectively. Construct validity was supported by concurrent hypotheses testing. Conclusions The CLAS is a promising approach for evaluating patients’ attitudes toward computer-based health-risk assessments.