Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The research of face detection method based on adaboost algorithm and skin color segmentation

As a key pre-processing of face recognition, face detection is an important foundation of some intelligent applications such as video retrieval and human-computer interaction. The performance of the Adaboost algorithm is remarkable in the face detection methods, but there are still gaps. Concerning the high false positive rate of Adaboost algorithm, the skin color segmentation method based on Gaussian model is introduced, which is used as the front and back processing of Adaboost algorithm, respectively. Experiments show that the using of these two methods can significantly reduce the false positive rate in the detection of real-time video stream, while the skin color segmentation as a pre-processing can increase the detection speed by more than 20%, which can help achieve a stable and efficient real-time face detection system.
Ontology-based text-mining model for social network analysis

This paper aims to design a system model that analyzes the unstructured data inside the posts about electronic products on social networking websites. For the purposes of this study, posts on social networking websites have been mined and the keywords are extracted from such posts. The extracted keywords and the ontologies of electronic products and emotions form the base for the text-mining model which is used to understand online consumer behavior in the market.
Enhance the trust of citizen on government by applying electronic government services

There is the trend that trust of citizens in the government declined from over the world because of many of reasons. It requires many efforts from government to rebuild the confidence of the people in the government system. The topic of this thesis relates to enhancing the trust of the citizen on government by applying electronic government services. This thesis employs qualitative and quantitative methods to conduct the research. When we finish this study, we revealed that the e-service quality, public administration and attitude of citizens towards e-government affect the trust of people in the government system of Ho Chi Minh City. Based on the findings of this research, policy makers, public sector managers can concentrate on the improvement of e-service quality, civil service and the attitude towards e-government to enhance the trust of citizens in government. Shortly, other researchers, managers in the public sector in Ho Chi Minh City can do further research on this topic. It would be very meaningful to rebuild, to gain the trust of the public in government.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Management of Early-Stage Cervical Cancer: An Analysis of the Risk Factors of Surgical Complications and of Oncologic Outcomes

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and the oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in treating early-stage cervical cancer. Methods We included all patients with early-stage cervical cancer (IA, IB1, IIA1, and IIB), as assessed by the Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging criteria, undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy from January 1999 to December 2013 in our center. Morbidity was classified according to the Clavien and Dindo classification. Results A total of 170 patients were included in which 7 patients were in stage IA2, 150 in IB1, 2 in IIA, and 7 in IIB. The mean operation time was 256 minutes (67–495 minutes). Fourteen severe perioperative complications (8.2%) occurred, in which 5 patients (2.9%) required conversion to an open procedure: 3 bowel injuries, 3 hemorrhages, 2 ureteral injuries, 3 bladder injuries, 2 severe adhesions, and 1 intolerance to the Trendelenburg position. Fourteen patients (8.2%) presented with 1 severe postoperative complication (grade III or more). Two factors appeared as independent risk factors for perioperative and/or postoperative complications: the tumor size (odds ratio, 1.128; 95% confidence interval, 1.054–1.207) and operative time (odds ratio, 1.0116; 95% confidence interval, 1.003–1.020). In a median follow-up of 47.7 months, the 5-year overall survival was 94.1% (range, 88.1%–97.3%), and the 5-year disease-free survival was 88.8% (range, 81.0%–92.6%). Conclusions The laparoscopic approach was favorable for both perioperative and postoperative morbidity. With the advantage of minimal invasiveness, laparoscopic treatment by experienced surgeons is an alternative for early-stage cervical cancer with correct long-term survival outcomes. Mini-invasive surgery could be the standard in early-stage cervical cancer.
Dehydration impairs vigilance-related attention in male basketball players.

PURPOSE To determine the effects of dehydration (DEH) on attentional vigilance in male basketball players. METHODS The Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA; Universal Attention Disorders) was administered to 11 male basketball players (17-28 yr) at baseline (test 1), after walking (50% V O2max) in the heat (40 degrees C and 20% relative humidity) (test 2), and then after a simulated basketball game (test 3). Tests 2 and 3 were performed while subjects were either DEH (1-4%) or euhydrated (EUH). The TOVA consisted of target-infrequent and target-frequent conditions, simulating static and dynamic (such as a basketball game) environments, respectively. TOVA measures included errors of omission (OE) and commission (CE), response time (RT), and sensitivity. RESULTS During the target-infrequent half of test 3, EUH resulted in significantly better sensitivity (+0.4+/-1.2 vs -0.9+/-1.3), faster RT (-8+/-20 vs +16+/-28), and fewer OE (-0.4+/-0.7 vs +1.3+/-2.4) compared with DEH. During the target-frequent half, EUH resulted in significantly fewer OE (-4+/-15 vs +5+/-7) and CE (-1.9+/-3.2 vs 0.6+/-1.4) in test 2 and greater sensitivity (+0.7+/-2.6 vs -0.7+/-1.1) and faster RT (-21+/-28 vs +5+/-31) than DEH in test 3. CONCLUSION Vigilance-related attention of male basketball players was impaired by DEH, especially during the target-frequent condition of the TOVA. These results suggest that fluid replacement is essential to prevent the decline in vigilance that occurs with DEH in highly dynamic environments. Therefore, basketball players should be advised to maintain EUH for optimal concentration and attentional skills during competition.
Growth response and shedding of Leptospira spp. in urine following vaccination for leptospirosis in young farmed deer

Abstract AIM: To investigate the effect of vaccination against Leptospira serovars Hardjo-bovis and Pomona on growth rate and shedding of leptospires in urine in rising 1-year-old farmed red deer. METHODS: In early March 2007, 230 female and 205 male, 3-month-old deer on five farms were treated with streptomycin then were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 218), or were vaccinated (n = 217) with a bivalent whole-cell killed leptospiral vaccine (Leptavoid-2) followed by a booster 4 weeks later. These animals were isolated from other 3-month-old deer on each property until May, when all vaccinated and control deer were combined with deer not treated with streptomycin, for maximum exposure to natural leptospiral challenge. Seroconversion was monitored in control deer against Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo-bovis and Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). A cut-off of ≥ 1:48 was used to identify a seropositive response to infection, and ≥1:24 to indicate a response to vaccination. Urine was collected from females in all groups and tested for shedding of leptospires using bacterial culture and real-time PCR. Male deer from vaccinated and control groups were weighed every 2–3 months to measure growth rate. RESULTS: In vaccinated female deer, antibody was present to Hardjo-bovis in 39–73% and to Pomona in 78–100% of animals in May, with titres ranging between 1:24–1:96 and 1:24–1:1536, respectively; control female deer were all serologically negative. In November, female control deer were seropositive to Hardjo-bovis on 4/5 farms (seroprevalence range 4–78%) but seronegative to Pomona on all farms. Between March and November mean growth rate was higher in vaccinated than control deer (26 g/day) on one farm (p = 0.049) that had the highest prevalence of seroconversion (78–88%) and urinary shedding (56%). Between August and November on 4/5 farms, when almost all seroconversions occurred, growth rates were higher in vaccinated than control deer (31 g/day; p = 0.011). Urinary shedding of leptospires was detected by culture and/or PCR in 8/34 (24%) unvaccinated control and 20/38 (53%) animals not treated with streptomycin on 2/5 farms; no shedding was detected in vaccinated deer. The average risk difference for shedding between vaccinated and control deer was –11% (95%CI = –18 to –4) (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Vaccination against Leptospira serovars Hardjo-bovis and Pomona was associated with higher liveweight gain and reduced urinary shedding of leptospires in young deer naturally challenged by Hardjo-bovis. The association with liveweight gain was evident on some but not all farms.
Single stage converters for low power stand-alone and grid-connected PV systems

This work presents the evaluation of different power electronic integrated converters suitable for photovoltaic applications, in order to reduce complexity and improve reliability. The rated voltages available in Photovoltaic (PV) modules have usually low values for applications such as regulated output voltages in stand-alone or grid-connected configurations. In these cases, a boost stage or a transformer will be necessary. Transformers have low efficiencies, heavy weights and have been used only when galvanic isolation is mandatory. Furthermore, high-frequency transformers increase the converter complexity. Therefore, the most usual topologies use a boost stage and one inverter stage cascaded. However, the complexity, size, weight, cost and lifetime might be improved considering the integration of both stages. In this context, some integrated converters are analyzed and compared in this paper in order to support future evaluations and trends for low power single-phase inverters for PV systems. Power decoupling, MPPT and Tri-State modulations are also considered. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented and compared for the analyzed topologies.
The SpiNNaker Project

The spiking neural network architecture (SpiNNaker) project aims to deliver a massively parallel million-core computer whose interconnect architecture is inspired by the connectivity characteristics of the mammalian brain, and which is suited to the modeling of large-scale spiking neural networks in biological real time. Specifically, the interconnect allows the transmission of a very large number of very small data packets, each conveying explicitly the source, and implicitly the time, of a single neural action potential or “spike. ” In this paper, we review the current state of the project, which has already delivered systems with up to 2500 processors, and present the real-time event-driven programming model that supports flexible access to the resources of the machine and has enabled its use by a wide range of collaborators around the world.
The Mouse as a Model for Age-Related Hearing Loss - A Mini-Review

The most common form of sensory disability is age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also referred to as presbycusis. ARHL is a complex disorder with a mixture of genetic and environmental components, a combination that leads to a progressive decline in hearing function with increased age. In the last 15 years, there has been a vast increase in our knowledge of the genes that underlie congenital deafness and the critical components of hearing. In contrast, knowledge of the pathological processes involved in ARHL remains very limited. The mouse has proved an essential tool in the identification of early-onset deafness genes and in revealing the basic mechanisms of hearing. As focus is now turning toward elucidating the most common form of hearing loss, ARHL, the mouse will again play a fundamental role in this research. Here, we review the need for an animal model and discuss the suitability of the mouse as an ARHL model. Finally, we outline the ways in which hearing researchers are utilising the mouse in the investigation of ARHL and provide perspectives on the need for these data to be integrated with the results of human genetic studies.
Utility of the Functional Activities Questionnaire for Distinguishing Mild Cognitive Impairment From Very Mild Alzheimer Disease

Current criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) require “essentially intact” performance of activities of daily living (ADLs), which has proven difficult to operationalize. We sought to determine how well the Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), a standardized assessment of instrumental ADLs, delineates the clinical distinction between MCI and very mild Alzheimer disease (AD). We identified 1801 individuals in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set with MCI (n=1108) or very mild AD (n=693) assessed with the FAQ and randomized them to the development or test sets. Receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis of the development set identified optimal cut-points that maximized the sensitivity and specificity of FAQ measures for differentiating AD from MCI and were validated with the test set. ROC analysis of total FAQ scores in the development set produced an area under the curve of 0.903 and an optimal cut-point of 5/6, which yielded 80.3% sensitivity, 87.0% specificity, and 84.7% classification accuracy in the test set. Bill paying, tracking current events, and transportation (P's<0.005) were the FAQ items of greatest diagnostic utility. These data suggest that the FAQ exhibits adequate sensitivity and specificity when used as a standardized assessment of instrumental ADLs in the diagnosis of AD versus MCI.
Las evaluaciones nacionales e internacionales de rendimiento escolar en el Perú : balance y perspectivas

El proposito del presente articulo es presentar y discutir el conocimiento acumulado en cuatro evaluaciones nacionales (EN) y dos internacionales (EI) del rendimiento escolar realizadas en los ultimos diez anos, conducidas por la Unidad de Medicion de la Calidad Educativa (UMC). La UMC es una oficina del Ministerio de Educacion del Peru creada en 1996, aunque el trabajo de preparacion para la primera EN se inicio en 1994. El balance incluye no solamente los informes principales de cada evaluacion, sino ademas los estudios secundarios realizados con las bases de datos generadas. El presente documento incluye algunos antecedentes de estas evaluaciones, las caracteristicas y los resultados principales de las seis evaluaciones, los factores asociados al rendimiento en Lenguaje y Matematica y una discusion sobre los retos y las oportunidades del sistema de evaluacion del rendimiento estudiantil en el Peru.
Modification of Iron Status in Young Overweight/Mildly Obese Women by Two Dietary Interventions Designed to Achieve Weight Loss

Aims: To determine the modification of iron status in a group of overweight/mildly obese women following two different weight control programs. Methods: The study subjects were 57 women who were assigned to one of two slightly hypocaloric diets: V (increased consumption of vegetables), or C (increased consumption of cereals, especially breakfast cereals). All data were determined at the start of the study and at 2 and 6 weeks into the dietary intervention period. Results: Both diets led to a reduction in body weight and heme iron intake, and an increase in the intake of total and non-heme iron, at 2 and 6 weeks. At 6 weeks, a reduction in transferrin levels was seen in C subjects. Subjects with the worst initial iron status (hemoglobin <P25: 12.6 g/l) following C diet showed an increase of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration at 2 and 6 weeks and improved hemoglobin levels at 6. Also at 6 weeks, the C subjects had more erythrocytes than similar V subjects (only considering women with hemoglobin <P25: 12.6 g/l). Conclusions: A well-designed hypocaloric diet need not entail a risk of iron deficiency. Breakfast cereals are an important source of non-heme iron and could help to improve iron status, especially in women with poor initial iron levels.
Human Accelerated Regions and Other Human-Specific Sequence Variations in the Context of Evolution and Their Relevance for Brain Development

Abstract The review discusses, in a format of a timeline, the studies of different types of genetic variants, present in Homo sapiens, but absent in all other primate, mammalian, or vertebrate species, tested so far. The main characteristic of these variants is that they are found in regions of high evolutionary conservation. These sequence variations include single nucleotide substitutions (called human accelerated regions), deletions, and segmental duplications. The rationale for finding such variations in the human genome is that they could be responsible for traits, specific to our species, of which the human brain is the most remarkable. As became obvious, the vast majority of human-specific single nucleotide substitutions are found in noncoding, likely regulatory regions. A number of genes, associated with these human-specific alleles, often through novel enhancer activity, were in fact shown to be implicated in human-specific development of certain brain areas, including the prefrontal cortex. Human-specific deletions may remove regulatory sequences, such as enhancers. Segmental duplications, because of their large size, create new coding sequences, like new functional paralogs. Further functional study of these variants will shed light on evolution of our species, as well as on the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
TDOA Geolocation with the Unscented Kalman Filter

We consider passive geolocation of a radio frequency emitter via time difference of arrival methods. In a previous work, we presented a method for geolocation by a fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with passive radar sensors, based on adaptive repositioning of the vehicles to minimize a cost function. In this paper we experiment with the unscented Kalman filter to determine whether or not it provides a better implementation of this approach. Simulation results indicate that the unscented filter provides marginally better performance, in terms of mean target location error, compared with our previous results, but requires proper initialization
Interrelationships Between Bone Microarchitecture and Strength in Ovariectomized Monkeys Treated With Teriparatide

Bone microarchitecture measured at the iliac crest at 6 mo was confirmed to be a reasonable surrogate for, and a predictor of, architecture and strength of the femoral neck and lumbar vertebra after 18 mo of teriparatide treatment. However, the data taken together showed the importance of cortical bone volume for vertebra to assess pharmacological effects on bone quality.
Cellular fatty acid compositions of an unidentified organism and a bacterium associated with cat scratch disease

The cellular fatty acid composition of a gram-negative bacterium associated with cat scratch disease was determined by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The fatty acid profile of this organism was distinct from those of other bacteria we have tested and was characterized by an unknown acid which was identified as 11-methyloctadec-12-enoic acid. The position of the branched methyl group in this acid was established by GC-MS of the reduced acid, and the location of the double bond was confirmed by GC-MS analysis of dimethyl disulfide derivatives. Another clinical isolate with no known relationship to cat scratch disease but with similar morphological and biochemical features had a similar fatty acid profile, including 11-methyloctadec-12-enoic acid.
Association between allelic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes (CYP 1A1, CYP 1A2, CYP 2E1, mEH) and occurrence of colorectal cancer in Hungary.

BACKGROUND Genetic polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes may affect the risk of cancer formation in humans. Since the diet can contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic amines (HAs), the relationship between polymorphisms of enzymes involved in PAH and HA metabolism and the occurrence of sporadic colorectal cancer was studied. PATIENTS AND METHODS Five hundred colorectal cancer patients and 500 controls were genotyped for cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) 1A1 Ile/Val, CYP 1A2*1F, CYP 2E1 c1/c2, microsomal epoxy hydrolase (mEH) exon 3 Tyr113His and exon 4 His139Arg polymorphisms by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). RESULTS The presence of CYP 1A1 Val, CYP 2E1 c2 and mEH exon 3 His alleles was statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of colorectal cancer (OR: 1.44 95% CI: 1.04-2.00; OR: 1.74 95% CI: 1.15-2.65; OR: 1.79 95% CI: 1.10-2.92, respectively). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that allelic polymorphism of metabolizing enzymes play an important role in human colorectal carcinogenesis by affecting the metabolism of dietary carcinogens.
Canadian Collaborative Study of Tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) and Lecithin Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Effect on Mood

Several lines of evidence have implicated acetylcholine (ACh) as one of the neurotransmitters found to be decreased in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Various methods of cholinergic augmentation have been attempted, with mixed results. Tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is currently being investigated at the McGill Centre for Studies in Aging. Preliminary uncontrolled data from a 10-week clinical trial of THA and lecithin, reported elsewhere, suggest a clinically modest but statistically significant beneficial effect on cognition, although problems exist with side effects, particularly gastrointestinal. Since the suggestion by Janowsky in 1972 that cholinergic neurotransmission may exert an inhibitory or depressant effect on mood, the evidence accumulated in the literature has been inconclusive. We undertook to assess several potential pretreatment correlates of depressive symptoms in AD and to monitor the course of these symptoms during the 10 week treatment period, using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) of Brink and Yesavage. Pretreatment GDS scores were found to correlate with degree of overall disability and dementia as measured by the Rapid Disability Rating Scale (RDRS) and the Mini Mental State Examination (MMS), respectively. GDS scores over the treatment period did not change to a statistically significant degree. The meaning of these results is discussed, particularly with reference to the difficulty of diagnosis and measurement of depression in the setting of dementia.