Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization of continual production of CNTs by CVD method using Radial Basic Function (RBF) neural network and the Bees Algorithm

Optimization of continuous synthesis of high purity carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method was studied experimentally and theoretically. Iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5), acetylene (C2H2) and Ar were used as the catalyst source, carbon source and carrier gas respectively. The synthesis temperature and flow rates of Ar and acetylene were optimized to produce CNTs at a large scale. A flow rate of 30-120 sccm of acetylene and 500-3000 sccm of Ar at temperatures between 650-950 °C were examined. Using the fundamental trial and error method it was found that the maximum yield of pure CNTs can be produced at 750 °C with flow rates of 40-45 sccm of acetylene and 1500 sccm of Ar. In theoretical part, an artificial neural network (ANN) and the Bees Algorithm (BA) were used to model and optimize the CNTs production, based on the experimental data. The Bees Algorithm used the ANN as the fitness function and the optimum variables found as 60 sccm for acetylene, 555 sccm for argon and 759 °C for temperature. The computational results have relatively good agreement with the experimental results.
Airflow resistance of acoustical fibrous materials: Measurements, calculations and applications

The acoustic performance of fibrous materials is mainly determined by its airflow resistance, and it is a parameter of the resistance that the airflow meets through the materials. This paper has summarized the recent advances on the measurements, calculations and applications of airflow resistance. Firstly, different methods for airflow resistance measurements are presented, mainly including the direct airflow method, alternating airflow method and acoustical method. We have summarized the development history, current status and industrial applications of these methods. Secondly, this paper has summarized the models of calculating airflow resistance. Most of these empirical models are based on the characteristic parameters of fibrous materials, for instance bulk density, fiber diameter, porosity and thickness. Thirdly, this review has gathered the applications of airflow resistance in sound absorption and noise control. It is a crucial parameter in the prediction of both normal incidence sound absorption and reverberation chamber sound absorption. In conclusion, this review has concluded with some perspectives for the measurements, calculations and applications of airflow resistance.
High prevalence of cannabis use among Aka foragers of the Congo Basin and its possible relationship to helminthiasis

Little is known about cannabis use in hunter‐gatherers. Therefore, we investigated cannabis use in the Aka, a population of foragers of the Congo Basin. Because cannabis contains anthelminthic compounds, and the Aka have a high prevalence of helminthiasis, we also tested the hypothesis that cannabis use might be an unconscious form of self‐medication against helminths.
A STUDY ON PHYSICO-MECHANICAL AND ANTICORROSIVE PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALLY MODIFIED GRAPHENE-BASED EPOXY NANOCOMPOSITE COATINGS

The use of coatings of functionalized nanostructured carbon based composite to inhibit corrosion is an area getting much of attention among scientists and industrialists. Lately, Graphene has started to play an important role in many applications. Graphene possesses excellent mechanical and thermal stability, low chemical reactivity, impermeability to most of gases, and high transparency. Thanks to these properties, Graphene is so far finding some applications for protective coatings. However, Graphene is apolar and nanostructured, so that is difficult to be dispersed into polar polymers as epoxy resin. In this paper, results of using chemically modified Graphene to reinforce the physico-mechanical properties and corrosive resistance properties of the epoxy paint coating are presented. Graphene was modified by oxidative method with mixtures of H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 and KmnO 4 solutions. The properties of obtained products were characterized by somephysico-chemical methods such as Fourier transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The physico-mechanical and anti-corrosion properties of paints based on chemically modified Graphene-epoxy nanocomposite have been exceptionally superior to that of paints based on epoxy and Graphene.
Ice slurry ingestion increases core temperature capacity and running time in the heat.

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of ice slurry ingestion on thermoregulatory responses and submaximal running time in the heat. METHODS On two separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, 10 males ingested 7.5 g·kg(-1) of either ice slurry (-1°C) or cold water (4°C) before running to exhaustion at their first ventilatory threshold in a hot environment (34.0°C ± 0.2°C, 54.9% ± 5.9% relative humidity). Rectal and skin temperatures, HR, sweating rate, and ratings of thermal sensation and perceived exertion were measured. RESULTS Running time was longer (P = 0.001) after ice slurry (50.2 ± 8.5 min) versus cold water (40.7 ± 7.2 min) ingestion. Before running, rectal temperature dropped 0.66°C ± 0.14°C after ice slurry ingestion compared with 0.25°C ± 0.09°C (P = 0.001) with cold water and remained lower for the first 30 min of exercise. At exhaustion, however, rectal temperature was higher (P = 0.001) with ice slurry (39.36°C ± 0.41°C) versus cold water ingestion (39.05°C ± 0.37°C). During exercise, mean skin temperature was similar between conditions (P = 0.992), as was HR (P = 0.122) and sweat rate (P = 0.242). After ice slurry ingestion, subjects stored more heat during exercise (100.10 ± 25.00 vs 78.93 ± 20.52 W·m(-2), P = 0.005), and mean ratings of thermal sensation (P = 0.001) and perceived exertion (P = 0.022) were lower. CONCLUSIONS Compared with cold water, ice slurry ingestion lowered preexercise rectal temperature, increased submaximal endurance running time in the heat (+19% ± 6%), and allowed rectal temperature to become higher at exhaustion. As such, ice slurry ingestion may be an effective and practical precooling maneuver for athletes competing in hot environments.
Engineered affinity proteins for tumour‐targeting applications

Targeting of tumour‐associated antigens is an expanding treatment modality in clinical oncology as an alternative to, or in combination with, conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy, external‐radiation therapy and surgery. Targeting of antigens that are unique or more highly expressed in tumours than in normal tissues can be used to increase the specificity and reduce the cytotoxic effect on normal tissues. Several targeting agents have been studied for clinical use, where monoclonal antibodies have been the ones most widely used. More than 20 monoclonal antibodies are approved for therapy today and the largest field is oncology. Advances in genetic engineering and in vitro selection technology has enabled the feasible high‐throughput generation of monoclonal antibodies, antibody derivatives [e.g. scFvs, Fab molecules, dAbs (single‐domain antibodies), diabodies and minibodies] and more recently also non‐immunoglobulin scaffold proteins. Several of these affinity proteins have been investigated for both in vivo diagnostics and therapy. Affinity proteins in tumour‐targeted therapy can affect tumour progression by altering signal transduction or by delivering a payload of toxin, drug or radionuclide. The ErbB receptor family has been extensively studied as biomarkers in tumour targeting, primarily for therapy using monoclonal antibodies. Two receptors in the ErbB family, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and HER2 (epidermal growth factor receptor 2), are overexpressed in various malignancies and associated with poor patient prognosis and are therefore interesting targets for solid tumours. In the present review, strategies are described for tumour targeting of solid tumours using affinity proteins to deliver radionuclides, either for molecular imaging or radiotherapy. Antibodies, antibody derivatives and non‐immunoglobulin scaffold proteins are discussed with a certain focus on the affibody (Affibody®) molecule.
A mapping study of software code cloning

Background: Software Code Cloning is widely used by developers to produce code in which they have confidence and which reduces development costs and improves the software quality. However, Fowler and Beck suggest that the maintenance of clones may lead to defects and therefore clones should be re-factored out. Objective: We investigate the purpose of code cloning, the detection techniques developed and the datasets used in software code cloning studies between the years of 2007 and 2011. This is to analyse the current research trends in code cloning to try and find techniques which have been successful in identifying clones used for defect prediction. Method: We used a mapping study to identify 220 software code cloning studies published from January 2007 to December 2011. We use these papers to answer six research questions by analysing their abstracts, titles and reading the papers themselves. Results: The main focus of studies is the technique of software code clone detection. In the past four years the number of studies being accepted at conferences and in journals has risen by 71%. Most datasets are only used once, therefore the performance reported by one paper is not comparable with the performance reported by another study. Conclusion: The techniques used to detect clones seem to be the main focus of studies. However it is difficult to compare the performance of the detection tools reported in different studies because the same dataset is rarely used in more than one paper. There are few benchmark datasets where the clones have been correctly identified. Few studies apply code cloning detection to defect prediction.
Bereavement after the suicide of a significant other

Context: It is estimated that approximately one in four people know someone who has taken their own life and that one suicide death leaves six or more suicide survivors. Aims: The aim of this paper was to review the literature regarding the association between suicide and bereavement, focusing also on the supportive and therapeutic resources available for survivors. Materials and Methods: Careful MedLine and PsycINFO searches for the period 1980-2013. Results: The review of the literature indicates that emotional turmoil in suicide survivors may last a long time and, in some cases, may end with their own suicide. Conclusion: Future research should evaluate the efficacy of professional treatments and of support groups targeting suicide survivors. Practice Implications: It is crucial to understand the bereavement process after the suicide of a significant other in order to provide proper care, reduce stigma, and improve the outcomes of related psychiatric conditions.
Landmarks in the development of coronary artery bypass surgery.

For you to find the truth, in the first place, you have to believe in the truth with all your heart and with all your soul, and believing in the truth with all your heart and with all your soul means saying what you think is true wherever and whenever, but, most especially, at the least opportune moment. (…) Whenever wisdom is found in a scientific work, there cannot be the slightest doubt it is passion’s doing, a painful passion much deeper and dearer than simple curiosity. Miguel de Unamuno Since my training as a resident in general surgery at the University Hospital in La Plata, I have been attracted by thoracic surgery. As soon as I graduated, I started traveling every Wednesday 44 miles to the Rawson Hospital in Buenos Aires, where the Finochietto brothers had organized a postgraduate program, mainly to learn lung and esophageal resections. As a resident, I lived in the hospital, where I witnessed the early attempts in thoracic surgery. In 1949, Professor Clarence Crafoord was invited by the head professor, Jose Maria Mainetti, to give lectures and operate on patients in our institution. I was extremely lucky to participate as his second assistant. Crafoord was indeed a master surgeon. I still remember today my happiness at being so close to one of the most important pioneers in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. I was also impressed by his anesthesiologist. With a small machine (he brought his own equipment) and high doses of curare, the operation went smoothly, and certainly we learned enormously. In those days, I thought only about my work and an academic career that I had started earlier as a student assistant professor in anatomy. I was convinced that my future would be connected exclusively to the university, because I realized that teaching …
Finite Element and Imaging Approaches to Analyze Multiscale Electrothermal Phenomena

Ziabari, Amirkoushyar. Ph.D. Purdue University, August 2016. Finite Element and Imaging Approaches to Analyze Multiscale Electrothermal Phenomena. Major Professor: Ali Shakouri Electrothermal effects are crucial in the design and optimization of electronic devices. Thermoreflectance (TR) imaging enables transient thermal characterization at submicron to centimeter scales. Typically, finite element methods (FEM) are used to calculate the temperature profile in devices and ICs with complex geometry. By comparing theory and experiment, important material parameters and device characteristics are extracted. In this work we combine TR and FEM with image blurring/reconstruction techniques to improve electrothermal characterization of micron and nanoscale devices. We present an ultrafast yet highly accurate technique, based on image blurring and FEM, for thermal modeling of 3D ICs that include thermal vias. Modeling shows the impact of thermal vias placement on the reduction of maximum temperature in different layers of 3D IC. Next, we experimentally investigate high field non-equilibrium in electron gas and its impact on thermoelectric cooling. When there is a large temperature gradient or a high current density, thermoelectric coefficients can become non-linear. We provide the first detailed experimental study of non-linear Peltier coefficient in low-doped InGaAs
An extended approach to improving the semantic interoperation among reuse epositories

Software reuse is widely believed as a feasible way to improve both the productivity and quality of software development. The developers must be capable to acquire enough desired components before developing with reuse. Many Internet-enabled reuse repositories exist to provide access to reusable resources. It is necessary to eliminate the semantic gaps of the repositories to enable users to access resources from multiple repositories via a single representation view. In some sense, the only usable information to mine the semantics of the terms representing the resources is the mutual components stored in the repositories. In this paper, the extended improved relevancy matching and ranking (EIRMR) method is proposed to enhance the semantic interoperability of reuse repositories, based on our previous work (IRMR) and the mutual components in the third-party repositories. Experimental results on the data sets from the real repositories demonstrated an improvement in terms of searching effectiveness.
Overview of Recent Bridge Monitoring Applications using Distributed Brillouin Fiber Optic Sensors

Brillouin ﬁ ber optic sensor technology is a promising technology for structural health monitoring (SHM) thanks to its unique feature of distributed strain and temperature measurement by means of low-cost optical ﬁ bers. Amortization of relatively expensive data acquisition systems can be facilitated by the discontinuous monitoring of multiple structures. However, the lack of speci ﬁ cally developed sensor materials and equipment prevents the advancement of the technology from laboratory testing towards signi ﬁ cant practical implementation. This paper presents an overview of recent applications on two small concrete bridges and a ﬁ ve-span, 864-ft long, slab-on-girder bridge in Missouri (USA). The performance of both adhesively bonded bare optical ﬁ bers and a novel composite tape with embedded sensors is discussed. Results provide evidence of the feasibility and effectiveness of Brillouin based ﬁ ber optic sensor monitoring of civil structures.
Towards a better understanding of context-aware applications

With the new technological advances and strong move towards Future Internet and Internet as a Platform a new environment is emerging. This environment is generative, social, strongly interactive and collaborative, so users play a fundamental role in it. Business applications are simplifying, webifying and getting more user-centric. In this environment, context and context-awareness plays a fundamental role, as context gives meaning and accurately describes the situation of an user. This paper introduces the basis for a new research methodology that aims to address and visualize the topic of context and context-awareness from a holistic point of view, by means of text mining and text clustering.
Associations between birth weight, preeclampsia and cognitive functions in middle-aged adults

Both reductions in birth weight and preeclampsia (PE) have been associated with decrements in scores on tests of intelligence in children and adolescents. We examined whether these decrements persist into middle adulthood and expand into other domains of cognitive functioning. Using data from the Early Determinants of Adult Health project and from the ancillary project, Fetal Antecedents of Major Depression and Cardiovascular Disease, we selected term same-sex sibling sets or singletons from these sets, from the New England Family Study (NEFS) and the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS), discordant on either fetal growth or PE, to test the hypotheses that prenatal exposure to inflammation was associated with decrements in attention, learning and executive function 40 years later. Exposure was defined as a continuous measure of percentile birth weight for gestational age, reduced fetal growth (<20th percentile of birth weight for gestational age) or maternal PE. Given that the sample was comprised, in part, of sibling sets, the analyses were performed using mixed models to account for the inter-sibling correlations. Analyses were performed separately by study site (i.e. NEFS and CHDS). We found few statistically significant associations (suggesting a possible type II error) consistent with previous literature, suggesting that the associations with low birth weight do not persist into midlife. We discuss the possible reasons for the lack of associations, which include the possible mediating effects of the postnatal environment.
A new classification system for the restoration of root filled teeth

The aim of this report is to (i) review the current literature on the status of root filled teeth, (ii) analyse the most important factors in decision-making, (iii) discuss the current restorative concepts, and (iv) classify both the evidence and clinical practice in a way that seeks to be clear, understandable and helpful for clinicians. Restoration of root filled teeth represents a challenge for the clinician and remains a controversial subject. The guidelines describe a new classification that is drawn from evidence presented in the literature and also from clinical expertise-based reviews. It describes five categories of teeth.
Online Health Information seeking Behaviour: Understanding Different Search Approaches

People intuitively use search engines to look for health information. However, people take an exploratory search approach to find the information in some scenarios, and current search engines do not support these cases well. This exploratory information seeking behaviour is rarely investigated by researchers in the context of online consumer health information. We report on a qualitative study to conceptualise the health information seeking behaviour of lay-people. This paper describes the result of this study, and makes a contribution towards a conceptual understanding of search approaches by people seeking health information, search strategies used by health information seekers, and design implications for providing a better exploratory health search experience.
Anti-tumor activity of the combination of bendamustine with vorinostat in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells

Current standard-of-care therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) results in up to 40% of patients who either relapse or develop refractory disease. In this setting, further therapeutic improvements are needed. This study analyzed the in vitro effects of the combination of bendamustine with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat in DLBCL cells. This combination enhanced histone acetylation and double strand DNA breaks resulting in an additive to synergistic cytotoxic effect in both ABC- and GCB-type DLBCL cells, independently of their TP53 mutational status. These results support the rationale for considering bendamustine and vorinostat combination as a novel approach in DLBCL treatment.
The functional variant rs34330 of CDKN1B is associated with risk of neuroblastoma

The genetic aetiology of sporadic neuroblastoma is still largely unknown. We have identified diverse neuroblastoma susceptibility loci by genomewide association studies (GWASs); however, additional SNPs that likely contribute to neuroblastoma susceptibility prompted this investigation for identification of additional variants that are likely hidden among signals discarded by the multiple testing corrections used in the analysis of genomewide data. There is evidence suggesting the CDKN1B, coding for the cycle inhibitor p27Kip1, is involved in neuroblastoma. We thus assess whether genetic variants of CDKN1B are associated with neuroblastoma. We imputed all possible genotypes across CDKN1B locus on a discovery case series of 2101 neuroblastoma patients and 4202 genetically matched controls of European ancestry. The most significantly associated rs34330 was analysed in an independent Italian cohort of 311 cases and 709 controls. In vitro functional analysis was carried out in HEK293T and in neuroblastoma cell line SHEP‐2, both transfected with pGL3‐CDKN1B‐CC or pGL3‐CDKN1B‐TT constructs. We identified an association of the rs34330 T allele (‐79C/T) with the neuroblastoma risk (Pcombined = 0.002; OR = 1.17). The risk allele (T) of this single nucleotide polymorphism led to a lower transcription rate in cells transfected with a luciferase reporter driven by the polymorphic p27Kip1 promoter (P < 0.05). Three independent sets of neuroblastoma tumours carrying ‐79TT genotype showed a tendency towards lower CDKN1B mRNA levels. Our study shows that a functional variant, associated with a reduced CDKN1B gene transcription, influences neuroblastoma susceptibility.