Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A bespoke non-invasive current distribution sensor for use with a flat transmission line

A determination of the current distribution in a flat transmission line is needed in order to confirm the uniform acceleration of the flyer plate. To this end a novel mutual inductance based sensor has been developed and termed MIDOT. The sensor is calibrated using a stripline analogue comprised of an array of independent parallel filaments across the width of the transmission line with a known current flowing through each. This enables the positional sensitivity of the sensor to be established. A subsequent series of detailed experiments confirmed that the MIDOT sensor can also be used to identify accurately the currents flowing in the independent filaments under transient conditions. The sensor has been developed to a stage where its proof of principle has been convincingly demonstrated on a low voltage test bed and it has already been used to provide initial results when fielded on high current facilities.
Lithium Polymer Battery State-of-Charge Estimation Based on Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter and Support Vector Machine

An accurate algorithm for lithium polymer battery state-of-charge (SOC) estimation is proposed based on adaptive unscented Kalman filters (AUKF) and least-square support vector machines (LSSVM). A novel approach using the moving window method is applied, with AUKF and LSSVM to accurately establish the battery model with limited initial training samples. The effectiveness of the moving window modeling method is validated by both simulations and lithium polymer battery experimental results. The measurement equation of the proposed AUKF method is established by the LSSVM battery model and AUKF has the advantage of adaptively adjusting noise covariance during the estimation process. In addition, the developed LSSVM model is continuously updated online with new samples during the battery operation, in order to minimize the influence of the changes in battery internal characteristics on modeling accuracy and estimation results after a period of operation. Finally, a comparison of accuracy and performance between the AUKF and UKF is made. Simulation and experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm is capable of predicting lithium battery SOC with a limited number of initial training samples.
Domain Adaptation for Named Entity Recognition Using CRFs

In this paper we explain how we created a labelled corpus in English for a Named Entity Recognition (NER) task from multi-source and multi-domain data, for an industrial partner. We explain the specificities of this corpus with examples and describe some baseline experiments. We present some results of domain adaptation on this corpus using a labelled Twitter corpus (Ritter et al., 2011). We tested a semi-supervised method from (Garcia-Fernandez et al., 2014) combined with a supervised domain adaptation approach proposed in (Raymond and Fayolle, 2010) for machine learning experiments with CRFs (Conditional Random Fields). We use the same technique to improve the NER results on the Twitter corpus (Ritter et al., 2011). Our contributions thus consist in an industrial corpus creation and NER performance improvements.
One-lung ventilation does not result in cerebral desaturation during application of lung protective strategy if normocapnia is maintained.

BACKGROUND Previously a report has suggested that administration of lung protective strategy for one-lung ventilation(OLV) results in oxygen desaturation of the brain parenchyma. The aim of our work was to confirm that the maintenance of normocapnia during protective OLV strategy results in alteration of cerebral blood fl ow and cerebral oxygen saturation as compared to double-lung ventilation. METHODS Data were obtained from 24 patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) was continuously monitored by INVOS 5100C Cerebral Oxymeter System along with measurement of cerebral blood fl ow velocity (MCAV) by transcranial Doppler sonography. Arterial blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis in the awake state, in the supine and lateral decubitus position during double-lung ventilation (DLV), and during OLV. RESULTS When ventilation was changed from DLV to OLV, no significant change was observed in rSO2. A significant decrease of rSO2 was found compared to the value observed during DLV in lateral decubitus at the time point 60 minutes after the start of OLV. No clinically significant changes in the MCAV was observed throughout the course of the thoracic surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS OLV does not result in clinically relevant decreases in cerebral blood fl ow and cerebral oxygen saturation during application of lung protective ventilation if normocapnia is maintained.
Movie Recommendation System Based on Fuzzy Inference System and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System

One of most prominent features that social networks or e-commerce sites now provide is recommendation of items. However, the recommendation task is challenging as high degree of accuracy is required. This paper analyzes the improvement in recommendation of movies using Fuzzy Inference System FIS and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System ANFIS. Two similarity measures have been used: one by taking account similar users' choice and the other by matching genres of similar movies rated by the user. For similarity calculation, four different techniques, namely Euclidean Distance, Manhattan Distance, Pearson Coefficient and Cosine Similarity are used. FIS and ANFIS system are used in decision making. The experiments have been carried out on Movie Lens dataset and a comparative performance analysis has been reported. Experimental results demonstrate that ANFIS outperforms FIS in most of the cases when Pearson Correlation metric is used for similarity calculation.
Etude pluridisciplinaire des populations de truite commune (Salmo trutta L. ) des torrents haut-savoyards soumises à repeuplement : diversité intra-spécifique, évaluation de pratiques de gestion et ingénierie de la conservation de populations natives

Le premier volet du present travail decrit (microsatellites de l' ADN) la diversite genetique des populations de truite (Salmo trutta) sur l'ensemble du reseau hydrographique de la Haute-Savoie et des principaux stocks de pisciculture utilises pour le repeuplement. L'analyse de 163 secteurs a permis de localiser onze zones abritant encore des populations natives d'origine mediterraneenne. L'etude de la structuration genetique de ces populations natives a conduit a determiner six unites de gestion genetiquement differenciees devant etre gerees comme des entites independantes. Le deuxieme volet s'attache a decrire les pratiques de repeuplement et a evaluer en vraie grandeur et a large echelle spatiale la contribution du repeuplement et du recrutement naturel. Pour ce faire, le fluoromarquage des otolithes a l'alizarine redS a ete developpe pour marquer pres de 3 millions d'alevins par an pendant trois ans. L'etude met en evidence une contribution dominante du recrutement naturel dans les populations en place comme dans les captures par peche a la ligne. Les resultats montrent, sans pouvoir identifier les causes, une forte variation spatiale et temporelle de la contribution des repeuplements et ce y compris lorsque les pratiques ne changent pas. La troisieme partie presente des suivis temporels visant a evaluer les effets genetiques de differentes strategies de conservation et de rehabilitation de populations natives. Les resultats de ces suivis permettent d'apporter des elements d'aides a la decision aux gestionnaires des populations confrontes a diverses situations.
NOISE TRADERS IN EVENT STUDIES ? THE CASE OF EQUITY CARVE-OUTS

In this paper I hypothesize that the well documented positive mean excess stock return earned by parent firms when they announce they are carving out stock in a subsidiary is due to noise traders who optimistically misinterpret a carve-out’s true value-irrelevance, rather than to the impounding of new value-enhancing information by sophisticated investors. I offer three pieces of evidence that support the noise trade view. First, parents experience a reliably negative mean excess stock return of –2.4% when the carved-out subsidiary goes public. This is in contrast with a 2.3% rise at the announcement date a median of only 45 trading days earlier. Second, proxies for the intensity of noise trader demand at the carve-out announcement explain 11% of the cross-sectional variation in parent excess returns at the subsidiary stock issue date. Third, the coefficients on the noise trader demand proxies in a cross-sectional regression whose dependent variable is the parent excess return at the issue date are individually and jointly equal to minus one times the coefficients obtained in an identical cross-sectional regression but whose dependent variable is the parent excess return at the announcement date. It appears that parent stock prices are optimistically mispriced by noise traders at the carve-out announcement, but that such mispricing is corrected when the subsidiary stock goes public.
Activation of the epileptic focus by transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain

To establish whether transcranial magnetic stimulation is able to activate the primary epileptic focus preferntially, 13 patients who had medically intractable complex partial seizures were examined prior to surgical therapy. Single or a series of magnetic stmuli were applied to various regions of the skull. The effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation were monitored via subdurally implanted electrodes. In the process of presurgical evaluation, the dosage of anticonvulsant medication had been reduced in all patient but one. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was able to activate the epileptic focus (or foci) in 12 of the 13 patients. Distinct patterns of focal activation were observed in 3 patients who had several foci. No epileptiform potentials were induced outside epileptic foci, which had been identified by corticographic recordings. In one patient a complex partial seizure that was induced was identical to her habitual seizures. In another patient, a complete transition from a nonactive theta focus to a self‐sustained epileptic focus occurred. A facilitation of epileptiform afterdischarge was seen with sequential stimulation. No adverse effects were either reported by the patients or observed by the investigators. In summary transcranial magnetic stimulation is able to activate the epileptic focus (or foci) and consequently may be an additional tool for the localization of epileptic foci in presurgical evaluation.
Automatic search for differential characteristics in ARX ciphers

ARX operations are composed of only three operations: additions modulo 2n, bit rotations and XORs. Due to the widespread use of ARX, the study of its security is particularly important. This paper shows an algorithm to search for optimal differential characteristics in ARX ciphers. The algorithm is based on two related algorithms - the algorithm for finding all optimal output differences and the algorithm for differential probability of modular addition, and the idea of weight calculation. Finally, we apply this algorithm to three round Chacha, which is the compression algorithm of Blake, and show a differential characteristic with weight 36 for it. This result could contribute to the study of differential cryptanalysis of Chacha and Blake.
Second-line salvage chemotherapy for transplant-eligible patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma resistant to platinum-containing first-line salvage chemotherapy

Background The management of patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma who achieve less than a partial response to first-line salvage chemotherapy is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate response and outcomes to second-line salvage and autologous stem cell transplantation in patients not achieving a complete or partial response to platinum-containing first-line salvage chemotherapy. Design and Methods Consecutively referred transplant-eligible patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma after primary chemotherapy received gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin as first salvage chemotherapy. Those achieving a complete or partial response, and those with a negative gallium scan and stable disease with bulk <5 cm proceeded to high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Patients with progressive disease or stable disease with a positive gallium scan or bulk ≥5 cm were given second salvage chemotherapy with mini-BEAM (carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, melphalan). Patients who responded (according to the same definition) proceeded to autologous stem cell transplantation. Results One hundred and thirty-one patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma received first-line salvage gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin; of these patients 99 had at least a partial response (overall response rate 76%). One hundred and twelve (85.5%) patients proceeded to autologous stem cell transplantation, while the remaining 19 (14.5%) patients received mini-BEAM. Among these 19 patients, six had at least a partial response (overall response rate 32%), and nine proceeded to autologous stem cell transplantation. The remaining ten patients received palliative care. Seven of the nine patients transplanted after mini-BEAM had a subsequent relapse. Patients receiving second salvage mini-BEAM had poor outcomes, with a 5-year progression-free survival rate of 11% and a 5-year overall survival rate of 20%. Conclusions Patients who require a second salvage regimen to achieve disease control prior to autologous stem cell transplantation have a relatively poor outcome and should be considered for alternative treatment strategies.
Decoding visemes: improving machine lipreading (PhD thesis)

Machine lipreading (MLR) is speech recognition from visual cues and a niche research problem in speech processing & computer vision. Current challenges fall into two groups: the content of the video, such as rate of speech or; the parameters of the video recording e.g, video resolution. We show that HD video is not needed to successfully lipread with a computer. The term "viseme" is used in machine lipreading to represent a visual cue or gesture which corresponds to a subgroup of phonemes where the phonemes are visually indistinguishable. A phoneme is the smallest sound one can utter, because there are more phonemes per viseme, maps between units show a many-to-one relationship. Many maps have been presented, we compare these and our results show Lee's is best. We propose a new method of speaker-dependent phoneme-to-viseme maps and compare these to Lee's. Our results show the sensitivity of phoneme clustering and we use our new knowledge to augment a conventional MLR system. It has been observed in MLR, that classifiers need training on test subjects to achieve accuracy. Thus machine lipreading is highly speaker-dependent. Conversely speaker independence is robust classification of non-training speakers. We investigate the dependence of phoneme-to-viseme maps between speakers and show there is not a high variability of visemes, but there is high variability in trajectory between visemes of individual speakers with the same ground truth. This implies a dependency upon the number of visemes within each set for each individual. We show that prior phoneme-to-viseme maps rarely have enough visemes and the optimal size, which varies by speaker, ranges from 11-35. Finally we decode from visemes back to phonemes and into words. Our novel approach uses the optimum range visemes within hierarchical training of phoneme classifiers and demonstrates a significant increase in classification accuracy.
Heavy Ion Fusion

Two accelerator scenarios for heavy ion fusion are considered as driver candidates for an ICF power plant: the RF linac with storage rings and the induction linac. The necessary beam intensity and beam quality requirements are already believed to be achievable in the long run; repetition rate and accelerator efficiency are not critical issues. Conceptual design studies have indicated that the technical problems of the ICF concept with a heavy ion driver can be solved and that the economical aspects are not prohibitive as compared to other ICF concepts. Nevertheless, many open problems still exist, and some new ones have exhibited themselves, and it has become evident that most of them cannot be investigated with existing facilities and at the present level of effort. The first section of this paper deals with current conceptual design studies and focuses on the interface between the accelerator and the reactor. The second section summarizes the present research programs and recommends that their scope should be expanded and intensified in the areas of accelerator physics and beam-target interaction and target physics. In the third section the author calls for a dedicated facility and reports on the plans and ideas for such a facility. Schematicsmore » of two proposed accelerator driver systems--the driver for HIBALL (5 MJ/pulse) and a single-pass four-beam induction linac (3 MJ/pulse)--are provided. « less
Complementary Split Ring Resonator Loaded Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky Wave Antenna

In this paper we present the design of a leaky wave antenna based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) loaded by Complementary Split Ring resonator (CSRR). The proposed antenna is designed for 5G application with a center frequency around 28 GHz. The antenna is implemented on Roger RT/Duriod 5880. The loading CSRRs are designed to resonate at 28 GHz. The design is simulated by using both High-Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS) and Computer Simulation Technology (CST) for verification. Experimental measurements are also presented.
Molecular mapping of human band 3 anion transport regions using synthetic peptides

Band 3 is a ubiquitous membrane transport protein found in Golgi, mitochondrial, nuclear, and cell membranes. It is the most heavily used anion transport system in the body because it is responsible for CO2 exchange in all tissues and organs and for acid‐base balance. The anion transport regions are mapped along the band 3 molecule using synthetic peptides (pep) from extracellular regions of band 3 and/or suspected anion transport regions. Assays include anion transport/inhibition and immunoblotting with anti‐idiotypic antibodies to a transport inhibitor. Results indicate that anion binding/transport regions of band 3 reside within residues 549–594, (588–594 being the most active) and 804–839 (822–839 being the most active), and 869–883. Pep‐COOH (residues 812–827), which is part of senescent cell antigen, is an anion binding site with most of the activity localized to residues 813–818 (the six amino acids on the amino side of pep‐COOH). The stilbene disulfonate inhibitors of transport bind to peptide 812–830, and possibly peptides 788–805 and 800–818, as determined with anti‐idiotypic antibodies. Residues 538–554, which have been reported to be a transport segment of band 3, do not bind sulfate. Band 3 external loops containing residues 539–553 and 812–830, and internal segments containing residues 588–594 and 869–883, are in close spacial proximity in the membrane. The contribution of lysine and/or arginine to anion transport is examined by synthesizing peptides in which glycines or arginines are substituted for lysines or arginines. Lysines can contribute to anion binding but are not required. —Kay, M. M. B. Molecular mapping of human band 3 anion transport regions using synthetic peptides. FASEB J. 5: 109–115; 1991.
Colorectal cancer in pregnancy: one disease, two patients

Recently, we performed a low anterior resection in a 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, for an obstructing rectosigmoid adenocarcinoma associated with multiple bilobar liver metastases. She had developed diarrhoea and rectal bleeding during the fifth month of pregnancy and had refused colonoscopy at 34 weeks gestation. After delivery, she had persisting symptoms and agreed to be investigated; the diagnosis of rectal cancer was obtained 2 months following vaginal delivery of a healthy baby girl. She was treated with diverting colostomy, modified FOLFIRI and pharmacological suppression of lactation. As of this writing, she is under adjuvant chemotherapy. Colorectal cancer (CRC) in pregnancy is a rare disease with a reported incidence rate of 0.002%. The first report was set forth by Cruveilhier in 1837; since then, barely 450 cases have been described. Profound psychoemotional, ethical, religious and medicolegal questions surround this condition. Once cancer has been diagnosed, the aim of treatment should be to assist both mother and fetus; however, this appears laborious and perilous as oftentimes the fetomaternal unit shows conflicting interests. Treating the mother for cancer as soon as possible, ensuring the fetal well-being, an uneventful delivery, as well as female fertility through curative or palliative surgery, minimally invasive procedures, neoadjuvant (over pregnancy) or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy comprise the extremely arduous challenges that CRC in pregnancy poses by itself to surgeon, oncologist, radiotherapist, obstetrician, neonatologist, gastroenterologist and radiologist. Furthermore, all the information about pharmacological and radiological adverse effects on fetus emanate from case reports or small series, as cancer and drug trials exclude pregnant patients: thus, no high-grade evidence exists. The occurrence of protracted rectal bleeding during pregnancy should not be overlooked and should be endoscopically investigated if associated with inexplicable changes in bowel habits.
Fruiting body formation by Bacillus subtilis

Spore formation by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis has long been studied as a model for cellular differentiation, but predominantly as a single cell. When analyzed within the context of highly structured, surface-associated communities (biofilms), spore formation was discovered to have heretofore unsuspected spatial organization. Initially, motile cells differentiated into aligned chains of attached cells that eventually produced aerial structures, or fruiting bodies, that served as preferential sites for sporulation. Fruiting body formation depended on regulatory genes required early in sporulation and on genes evidently needed for exopolysaccharide and surfactin production. The formation of aerial structures was robust in natural isolates but not in laboratory strains, an indication that multicellularity has been lost during domestication of B. subtilis. Other microbial differentiation processes long thought to involve only single cells could display the spatial organization characteristic of multicellular organisms when studied with recent natural isolates.
Regulation of the Salmonella typhimurium metF gene by the MetR protein

The metF gene in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium is under negative transcriptional control by the MetJ repressor. Expression of an S. typhimurium metF-lacZ gene fusion is repressed up to 10-fold by methionine addition to the growth medium in E. coli hosts encoding wild-type MetJ repressor; this repression is not seen in metJ mutants. metR mutations which eliminate the MetR activator protein result in two- to threefold-more-severe repression by the MetJ repressor. In a metJ metR double mutant, however, the level of metF-lacZ expression is the same as in a metJ mutant, suggesting that MetR antagonizes MetJ-mediated methionine repression of the metF promoter. A DNA footprint analysis showed that MetR binds to a DNA fragment carrying the metF promoter and protects two separate regions from DNase I digestion: a 46-bp region from position -50 to -95 upstream of the transcription initiation site and a 24-bp region from about position +62 to +85 downstream of the transcription initiation site and within the metF structural gene. Nucleotide changes in each of the MetR-binding sites away from the consensus sequence disrupt MetR-mediated regulation of the metF-lacZ fusion.