Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel In Vitro Antioxidant and Photoprotection Capacity of Plants from High Altitude Ecosystems of Colombia

Currently, plants have gained widespread interest as a source of natural sunscreen. Specifically, plants from high altitude ecosystems are exposed to high UVR levels; therefore, they must produce an adaptive chemical response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the photo‐protection and antioxidant capacity in vitro of nine plants from high altitude ecosystems in Antioquia, Colombia (Sphagnum meridense, Calamagrostis effusa, Lycopodiella alopecuroides, Morella parvifolia, Baccharis antioquensis, Pentacalia pulchella, Castilleja fissifolia, Hesperomeles ferruginea and Hypericum juniperinum). B. antioquensis and P. pulchella extracts showed the best results over a broad spectrum UVA‐UVB with antioxidant capacity in vitro. However, B. antioquensis extracts presented the highest absorption coefficient in UVB‐UVA range among plants under study. Furthermore, the gel formulation containing the crude extract of B. antioquensis showed significant values of UVAPF, UVA/UVB ratio, critical wavelength (λc) and SPF (3, 0.78 380 nm and 4.73 ± 0.26; respectively), indicating interesting photostability and antiradical capacities. All of these properties could be improve in order to satisfy the requirements for broad‐spectrum UVB/UVA protection. Finally, P. pulchella and B. antioquensis extracts could be a potential source of a new natural sunscreen compounds with photostable and antiradical properties.
Cardioprotection Induced by AT1R Blockade After Reperfused Myocardial Infarction: Association With Regional Increase in AT2R, IP3R and PKCε Proteins and cGMP

Background: We hypothesized that the cardioprotective effect of angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT,R) blockade during in vivo ischemia-reperfusion (IR) might be associated with an increase in AngII type 2 receptor (AT2R) protein, as well as 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate type 2 receptor (IP3R) and protein kinase C ε , (PKCε) proteins and cyclic guanosine 3',5' monophosphate (cGMP). Methods and Results: We studied the effects of the AT1R blocker, candesartan, on in vivo left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and remodeling (echocardiogram/Doppler) and hemodynamics during canine reperfused anterior infarction (90-minute ischemia, 120-minute reperfusion), and ex vivo infarct size and AT1R/AT2R, IP3R, and PKCε proteins (immunoblots), and cGMP (enzyme immunoassay). Compared with controls, candesartan (1 mg/kg intravenously over 30-minute preischemia) inhibited the AngII pressor response, decreased preload and afterload, improved LV systolic and diastolic function, limited LV remodeling, decreased infarct size (55% vs 27% risk; P < .000003), markedly increased AT2R, IP3R, and PKCε proteins in the infarct zone, but not the AT,R protein, and increased infarct more than noninfarct cGMP. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that cardioprotective effects of AT1R blockade on acute IR injury might involve AT2R activation and downstream signaling via IP3R, PKCε, and cGMP.
Opportunity Cost, Inattention and the Bidder's Curse

Auction winners sometimes suffer a "bidder's curse", paying more for an item at auction than the fixed price charged for an identical item by other sellers. This seemingly irrational behavior is puzzling because the information necessary to avoid overpaying would appear to be readily available to bidders, yet they seem to ignore it. To understand this behavior, we consider the bidders' decisions whether to acquire information about the fixed price before bidding, in the presence of opportunity costs. Our theory introduces costly information acquisition into an auction model, with a fixed price aftermarket selling an identical good. When information about the fixed price is costly, bidders sometimes remain rationally ignorant and overbid in the auction, generating the bidder's curse. To assess the empirical validity of our proposed explanation, we study the model's predictions in an experiment where subjects have an opportunity cost of looking up a fixed price and bid in an auction. We find that information acquisition decreases and overbidding increases with opportunity cost as predicted. Most observed lookup behavior is rationalizable and rational ignorance reliably generates the bidder's curse.
Nuclear receptors have distinct affinities for coactivators: characterization by fluorescence resonance energy transfer.

UNLABELLED Ligand-dependent interactions between nuclear receptors and members of a family of nuclear receptor coactivators are associated with transcriptional activation. Here we used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) as an approach for detecting and quantitating such interactions. Using the ligand binding domain (LBD) of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARgamma) as a model, known agonists (thiazolidinediones and delta12, 14-PGJ2) induced a specific interaction resulting in FRET between the fluorescently labeled LBD and fluorescently labeled coactivators [CREB-binding protein (CBP) or steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1)]. Specific energy transfer was dose dependent; individual ligands displayed distinct potency and maximal FRET profiles that were identical when results obtained using CBP vs. SRC-1 were compared. In addition, half-maximally effective agonist concentrations (EC59s) correlated well with reported results using cell-based assays. A site-directed AF2 mutant of PPARgamma (E471A) that abrogated ligand-stimulated transcription in transfected cells also failed to induce ligand-mediated FRET between PPARgamma LBD and CBP or SRC-1. Using estrogen receptor (ERalpha) as an alternative system, known agonists induced an interaction between ERalpha LBD and SRC-1, whereas ER antagonists disrupted agonist-induced interaction of ERalpha with SRC-1. In the presence of saturating agonist concentrations, unlabeled CBP or SRC-1 was used to compete with fluorescently labeled coactivators with saturation kinetics. Relative affinities for the individual receptor-coactivator pairs were determined as follows: PPARgamma-CBP = ERalpha-SRC-1 > PPARgamma-SRC-1 >> ERalpha-CBP. CONCLUSIONS 1) FRET-based coactivator association is a novel approach for characterizing nuclear receptor agonists or antagonists; individual ligands display potencies that are predictive of in vivo effects and distinct profiles of maximal activity that are suggestive of alternative receptor conformations. 2) PPARgamma interacts with both CBP and SRC-1; transcriptional activation and coactivator association are AF2 dependent. 3) Nuclear receptor LBDs have distinct affinities for individual coactivators; thus, PPARgamma has a greater apparent affinity for CBP than for SRC-1, whereas ERalpha interacts preferentially with SRC-1 but very weakly with CBP.
Output-Based and Decentralized Dynamic Event-Triggered Control With Guaranteed $\mathcal{L}_{p}$- Gain Performance and Zeno-Freeness

Networked control systems are often subject to limited communication resources. By only communicating output measurements when needed, event-triggered control is an adequate method to reduce the usage of communication resources while retaining desired closed-loop performance. In this work, a novel event-triggered control (ETC) strategy for a class of nonlinear feedback systems is proposed that can simultaneously guarantee a finite Lp-gain and a strictly positive lower bound on the inter-event times. The new ETC scheme can be synthesized in an output-based and/or decentralized form, takes the specific medium access protocols into account, and is robust to (variable) transmission delays by design. Interestingly, in contrast with the majority of existing event-generators that only use static conditions, the newly proposed event-triggering conditions are based on dynamic elements, which has several advantages including larger average inter-event times. The developed theory leads to families of event-triggered controllers that correspond to different tradeoffs between (minimum and average) inter-event times, maximum allowable delays and Lp-gains. A linear and a nonlinear numerical example will illustrate all the benefits of this new dynamic ETC scheme.
Immediate post-craniotomy headache

Introduction Headache is the most common adverse event immediately following craniotomy and is due to the surgical procedure and meningeal irritation. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of headache during the first week after a craniotomy, as well as headache intensity, whether pain was registered in the patient's medical records, the use of analgesics and predictors of headache. Methods Ninety-one patients who underwent craniotomy were evaluated from the first to the seventh post-operative day. The variables analysed were gender, age, medical history, indication for craniotomy, surgery, occurrence of headache, pain registration in the medical records, length of hospital stay and analgesics consumption. Results On the second post-operative day, 29.2% of patients had a headache and there was under-reporting of this pain in the patients’ records. The analgesics used were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory in 75% of cases. An age of <45 years (odds ratio = 3.0, p = 0.041) and surgery duration lasting >4 hours (odds ratio = 3.7, p = 0.019) were associated with the occurrence of immediate post-craniotomy headache. Conclusion Further training should be provided to professionals caring for patients undergoing craniotomy to better manage post-operative headache.
Interactions between amino acid side chains in cylindrical hydrophobic nanopores with applications to peptide stability

Confinement effects on protein stability are relevant in a number of biological applications ranging from encapsulation in the cylindrical cavity of a chaperonin, translocation through pores, and structure formation in the exit tunnel of the ribosome. Consequently, free energies of interaction between amino acid side chains in restricted spaces can provide insights into factors that control protein stability in nanopores. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we show that 3 pair interactions between side chains—hydrophobic (Ala–Phe), polar (Ser–Asn) and charged (Lys–Glu)—are substantially altered in hydrophobic, water-filled nanopores, relative to bulk water. When the pore holds water at bulk density, the hydrophobic pair is strongly destabilized and is driven to large separations corresponding to the width and the length of the cylindrical pore. As the water density is reduced, the preference of Ala and Phe to be at the boundary decreases, and the contact pair is preferred. A model that accounts for the volume accessible to Phe and Ala in the solvent-depleted region near the pore boundary explains the simulation results. In the pore, the hydrogen-bonded interactions between Ser and Asn have an enhanced dependence on their relative orientations, as compared with bulk water. When the side chains of Lys and Glu are restrained to be side by side, parallel to each other, then salt bridge formation is promoted in the nanopore. Based on these results, we argue and demonstrate that for a generic amphiphilic sequence, cylindrical confinement is likely to enhance thermodynamic stability relative to the bulk.
Establishing a physical therapist-driven model of safe patient handling and movement programs in a general hospital.

OBJECTIVE Healthcare workers are at great risk for musculoskeletal injuries related to ergonomic risk work factors. Patient handling tasks such as transfers and bed positioning pose the highest risk. This report describes the implementation of a physical therapist-driven model of ergonomic intervention in a general hospital in Israel. PARTICIPANTS A group of senior physical therapists undertook the lead role in implementing an ergonomics program on four hospital wards. METHODS After participating in an extensive ergonomics training program, the therapists were guided through the process of risk analysis and program formation tailored to four pilot wards. Four interdisciplinary ergonomic teams were established. The teams will define their ongoing role in coordinating and implementing ergonomics activities in the future. RESULTS Short-term outcomes include the advancement of ergonomics knowledge and awareness among therapy and nursing staffs, and recognition of therapists' role in healthcare ergonomics, as well as the establishment of four interdisciplinary ergonomics teams. The long-term outcome will be the maintenance of team activities over time, including repeated surveys of staff attitudes and practices, which have been positively correlated with reductions in musculoskeletal injury rates. CONCLUSION This model of intensive involvement of therapists within multidisciplinary ergonomics programs may serve as a protocol for further projects in healthcare settings.
Optimum packet size of voice packet in the FIFO adversarial queuing model

First-in-First-out (FIFO) is one of the simplest queuing policies used to provide best effort services in packet-switched network. However, the performance of FIFO is really crucial when it related to stability i.e. question of whether there is a bound on the total size of packets in the network at all times. In this study, our main objective is to find the optimum packet size of voice packet when using FIFO scheduling policy. Our approach is based on adversarial generation of packets so that positive results are more robust in that they do not depend on particular probabilistic assumptions about the input sequences. In this paper, we proposed the FIFO scheduling technique that uses adversarial queuing model to find the optimum packet size of voice packet in FIFO network. Although the simulation results show that the average packet loss is increase when the arrival packet is increased, the average packet delay is improved as compared to FIFO M/M/1 technique, studied by (Phalgun, 2003). This algorithm can be utilized for transmitting voice packet over IP.
Compiling structural types on the JVM: a comparison of reflective and generative techniques from Scala's perspective

This article describes Scala's compilation technique of structural types for the JVM. The technique uses Java reflection and polymorphic inline caches. Performance measurements of this technique are presented and analysed. Further measurements compare Scala's reflective technique with the "generative" technique used by Whiteoak to compile structural types. The article ends with a comparison of reflective and generative techniques for compiling structural types. It concludes that generative techniques may, in specific cases, exhibit higher performances than reflective approaches, but that reflective techniques are easier to implement and have fewer restrictions.
The Effects of Young Adult‐Dependent Coverage And Contraception Mandates on Young Women

This research investigates two features of the Affordable Care Act that especially affect young adults, the young adult-dependent coverage (YAD) mandate and the requirement to cover contraception (CM). Both mandates were first enacted at the state level but have been studied only in isolation. We estimate a wide range of models allowing these mandates to have joint effects on insurance coverage, health-care access, health outcomes and fertility. We provide new evidence that helps settle the mixed findings from past state-level YAD and CM research and suggests the two mandates may combine to improve the well-being of young adults. (JEL I18, I12, H75)
Analysis of a Novel Transverse Flux Type Permanent Magnet Reluctance Generator

This paper proposes a novel transverse flux type permanent magnet reluctance generator (TFPMRG), which contains a permanent magnet (PM) in its U-shaped salient stator pole. A U-shaped stator core is designed with the short flux path to reduce the mutual effect between phases. Moreover, the proposed TFPMRG shape is designed for using PM instead of an excitation circuit to provide the field excitation, which increases the output power and efficiency. Both the transverse flux type switched reluctance generator (TFSRG) and the TFPMRG are designed using 3-D finite-element analysis (FEA) and a torque equation called the D-2L method. Finally, the design results of the TFSRG and TFPMRG are confirmed with 3-D FEA. According to the results, the output power and efficiency of TFPMRG are higher than those of TFSRG.
Recommendation system for financial analytics

Due to advancement in Science and Technologies there are enormous amount of data available on internet. A large amount of structured, semi-structured and unstructured data is being created at a very rapid speed every day from heterogeneous sources like reviews, ratings, feedbacks, shopping details, etc., it is termed as Big Data. This data generated from different users share many common patterns which can be filtered and analysed to give some recommendation regarding the product, goods or services in which a user is interested. Recommendation systems are the software tools used to give suggestions to users on the basis of their requirements. Many people are not so much aware of different profitable and economical alternatives before using their money for goods or services. They are not so intelligent that they can quickly compare and judge that which product or service is better. The presented paper proposed a recommended system for management and utilisation of three components of salary i.e. saving, investment and expenditure. Many savings and investment consulting systems are available but no system provides effective and efficient recommendation regarding management and beneficial utilisation of salary. The advantage of proposed recommended system is that it provides better suggestion to a person for saving, expenditure and investment of their salary which in turns maximises their wealth. Due to enormous amount of data involved, Apache Hadoop framework is used for distributed processing. Apache Mahout is used for analysing the data and implementation of the recommender system.
A General Method for Designing Reduced Surface Wave Microstrip Antennas

Surface-wave excitation from microstrip antennas is of major concern in many practical antenna applications. In this paper, the challenge of reducing the surface-wave excitation from microstrip antennas in a general way is addressed. The proposed approach is based on a theorem called the reduced surface wave (RSW) theorem. The RSW theorem suggests that by properly selecting the permittivity of the filling material inside the patch cavity, the patch will not excite the dominant TM0 surface-wave mode. A validation of this theorem is demonstrated here for the first time by comparing the mutual coupling between a pair of RSW antennas and a pair of conventional antennas.
Intrageneric transformation of neisseria gonorrhoeae and neisseria perflava to streptomycin resistance and nutritional independence

Auxotrophic mutants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria perflava were transformed to prototrophy using homologous and heterologous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Within either species the efficiencies of transformation for nutritional markers were found to be very similar to the values obtained for transformation to streptomycin resistance. The number of transformants in the interspecific N. perflava (donor) - - leads to N. gonorrhoeae (recipient) cross was 100-fold lower than the number obtained in the intraspecific N. gonorrhoeae - - leads to N. gonorrhoeae cross for streptomycin resistance, as well as for several nutritional markers. In the reciprocal experiment the difference in the number of transformants in the interspecific N. gonorrhoeae - - leads to N. perflava cross and the number obtained in the intraspecific N. perflava - - leads to N. perflava cross varied from 600 to 1,000-fold for the streptomycin resistance marker. Of greater interest was the finding that N. perflava auxotrophs, although transformable to prototrophy with wild-type N. perflava DNA, were not transformed to nutritional independence by gnoncoccal DNA. These same mutants were transformable to streptomycin resistance using the heterologous gonococcal DNA. When the DNAs of N. meningitidis, N. flava, and N. lactamicus were used to transform N. gonorrhoeae to prototrophy or streptomycin resistance, the transformation frequencies obtained fell along a gradient that in general reflected taxonomic relationships. On the other hand, with N. perflava as the recipient for these same DNAs, only N. flava DNA could transform auxotrophs to prototrophy, although transformation to streptomycin resistance occurred in all cases. DNA from N. perflava - - leads to N. gonorrheae streptomycin-resistant or Ade+ intergenotic transformants transformed N. gonorrhoeae cells at a 100-fold-higher efficiency than did DNA from N. perflava. Our findings suggest that (i) N. gonorrhoeae and N. perflava are more closely related than hitherto suspected and (ii) N. perflava is more selective with respect to heterologous DNA than is N. gonorrhoeae.
Defining the Lymphatic System of the Anterior Abdominal Wall: An Anatomical Study

Background: Studies describing recent abdominoplasty modifications have reported a decreased incidence of seroma, attributed to preservation of abdominal lymphatics. However, there are limited anatomical data to support this hypothesis. The authors sought to characterize the lymphatic architecture of the abdominal wall and provide a conceptual basis for further refinement of abdominoplasty techniques. Methods: Fifteen tissue samples from five patients undergoing abdominoplasty were sectioned and analyzed. Slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, CD31, and D2-40 and assessed by a pathologist and a plastic surgeon for the presence and number of lymphatics. Results were reported as mean percentage of lymphatic-specific antibody per analyzed area. Results: Lymphatic vessels were observed in the dermis, superficial fascia, and loose areolar tissue but not in deep or superficial fat. The highest concentration was in the dermis (mean, 82.6 percent; range, 69 to 89.2 percent). The Scarpa fascia contained 9.4 percent of lymphatics (range, 7.0 to 11.4 percent), whereas the loose areolar tissue at the specimen base contained an average of 7.9 percent (range, 2.6 to 19.5 percent). These lymphatics were consistently located in the deepest third, with the Scarpa fascia lying an average of 34 percent of the total tissue thickness above muscle fascia. Lymphatic prevalence did not increase in specimens near the superficial epigastric vessels. Conclusions: Abdominoplasty flap lymphatics are most common in the dermis, with a significant proportion (approximately 17 percent) also appearing near fascial layers. This confirms the presence of deep lymphatic channels that could potentially be preserved during abdominoplasty or lipoabdominoplasty.