Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The brief symptom inventory: A validity study in two independent Scottish samples

This study examines the validity and factor structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in two Scottish samples, using both confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The 53-item checklist was administered to 161 primary care attenders and 459 clinical psychology patients. EFA revealed that only six factors can be found, as opposed to the nine factors suggested by the original authors. Approximately 40% of the variance is accounted for by one major factor, ‘Depression’. Further CFA of the factor structure demonstrated however, that the discriminating information provided by the dimensional subscales cannot be sufficiently explained by one single factor of general psychological distress. It is suggested that the BSI demonstrates some more limited differentiating qualities in separating essential dimensions in a three-factor model of depression, anxiety and general psychological distress. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling interparticle and intraparticle (perfusive) electroosmotic flow in capillary electrochromatography

A model to estimate the extent of intraparticle, or perfusive, electroosmotic flow (EOF) in CEC capillaries packed with macroporous particles has been developed. Nucleosil packings (d(p) = 7 microm) having nominal pore sizes of 500, 1000, and 4000 A were studied. Intraparticle pores ranging from 50 to 10000 A in diameter were partitioned into 995 intervals of 10 A. Using pore size distribution data for the sorbents obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry, fractions of the total column void volume contributed by pores in the range of interest were determined. The average channel diameter of the interstitial space was estimated from the d(p) of the packing; its fraction of total column volume was determined from the interstitial porosity. Estimations of relative EOF velocity in the intraparticle and interstitial channels were made by treating the channels as parallel cylindrical capillary tubes. Relative EOF values were combined with the volume fraction data and used as weighting factors in calculating an effective particle diameter (d(p,eff)) for each set of conditions (i.e., packing type, ionic strength of eluent). Values of d(p,eff) generated by the model correctly predict the trends observed in the experimental data. At the lowest ionic strength, plate height correlated inversely with the pore size of packing (h4000 A < h1000 A < h500 A). Rate curves for each column tended toward lower plate heights with increasing eluent ionic strength before converging at some limiting point. The point of convergence was reached at moderate ionic strengths for the larger pore media (1000 and 4000 A) and higher ionic strength for the 500 A.
Comparative study of cycloconverter based double-ended isolated microinverter topologies for solar photovoltaic AC (SPVAC) module

This paper presents a comparative study of double-ended isolated full-bridge, half-bridge, and push-pull high frequency (HF) transformer isolated microinverter topologies for solar photovoltaic AC module (SPVAC) application. In the proposed microinverters, a simple Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is employed for front-end devices, whereas the half-bridge cycloconverter devices on secondary operate at line frequency, thus providing direct high frequency ac (HFAC) to line frequency ac (LFAC) conversion with transformer isolation. From the comparative study, it is observed that half-bridge is cheaper than the other two topologies and has comparable efficiency to full-bridge. Thereby, for experimentation the half bridge microinverter has been selected. Experimental results are presented on 250 W half-bridge microinverter for to demonstrate its performance.
Data security analysis of marekt-oriented clouds

Cloud computing is a new computing model that offers a number of advantages such as low cost, only pay for selected services, hardware and software on rent. Due to its increasing popularity in information technology market, many new service providers are trying to implement this new model to provide number of services to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). However, there could be many security issues faced by users in their hired clouds. In this paper, we presented survey findings to understand how SMEs are deploying cloud services models, what issues they are facing and how existing cloud security tools are meeting data security challenges. We investigated a number of security issues in different clouds through a quantitative survey with close-ended and open-ended questions to cloud user SMEs. The findings of this paper shall help the new users in cloud selection for their businesses.
A plug-in to aid online reading in Spanish

Reading text on the Web is a challenging task for many people, such as those with cognitive impairments, reading difficulties or people who are learning a new language. In this paper we present a web browser plug-in to help with reading Spanish text on the Web. The plug-in is freely available for Chrome and presents definitions and simpler synonyms on demand for the selected web text. The tool was modified following the suggestions of 5 people (2 with diagnosed dyslexia) who tested the tool using the think aloud protocol and undertook a subsequent interview.
Epitope Specificity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity [ADCC] Responses

Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity [ADCC] has been suggested to play an important role in control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 [HIV-1] viral load and protection from infection. ADCC antibody responses have been mapped to multiple linear and conformational epitopes within the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41. Many epitopes targeted by antibodies that mediate ADCC overlap with those recognized by antibodies capable of virus neutralization. In addition, recent studies conducted with human monoclonal antibodies derived from HIV-1 infected individuals and HIV-1 vaccine-candidate vaccinees have identified a number of antibodies that lack the ability to capture primary HIV-1 isolates or mediate neutralizing activity, but are able to bind to the surface of infected CD4+ T cells and mediate ADCC. Of note, the conformational changes in the gp120 that may not exclusively relate to binding of the CD4 molecule are important in exposing epitopes recognized by ADCC responses. Here we discuss the HIV-1 envelope epitopes targeted by ADCC antibodies in the context of the potential protective capacities of ADCC.
The development of a feeding, swallowing and oral care program using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model in an orphanage-hospital in Guatemala

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a long-term on-going international academic service-learning (I-ASL) intervention. Its goal was to improve swallowing, feeding and oral care technique of medical staff in an orphanage in Guatemala to children who are medically complex and have special needs. Method: The PRECEDE-PROCEED model was used as the conceptual framework of the program. Five major target areas were identified during the diagnosis, assessment, implementation and evaluation phases of the model: knowledge and skills, feeding equipment, feeding and oral care technique, positioning and communication. Verbal instruction, modelling and small group training was provided by the research team across all visits. A five-day intervention designed to increase feeders’ knowledge of feeding and oral care technique, signs and symptoms and complications of dysphagia and to improve their feeding, positioning and oral care technique was implemented and evaluated. Result: Statistical analyses showed significant increases in knowledge and appropriate feeding, positioning and oral care technique. Conclusion: As a consequence of the intervention, a trusting and mutually supportive relationship was built between the I-ASL team and the host organization.
Tracker effector-specific and motor planning signals in human frontal and parietal cortices : relevance for goal-directed action and neural prosthetics

Delayed response tasks and functional magnetic resonance imaging were employed to map the neural architecture underlying goal-directed action planning in the human brain, examine interactions between motor planning and effector-specification (arm vs. eye), and explore other related processes and variables. Studies in healthy human subjects revealed a frontoparietal network of brain areas selectively involved in motor planning compared to control processes. Nodes within this network were characterized based on their functional properties, including effector-specificity. In frontal cortex, the dorsal premotor and supplementary motor areas preferentially encoded motor plans for arm reaches compared to saccadic eye movements, while the inferior frontal eye field was identified based on its selective involvement in eye movements. In parietal cortex, a similar dissociation of arm- and eye-specific brain areas was observed in the superior lobule. A medial branch of the intraparietal sulcus preferentially encoded eye movements, in contrast to more anterior medial, and posterior medial, portions of the intraparietal sulcus that preferentially encoded arm movements. Additionally, motor planning areas were engaged during voluntary shifts of spatial attention and during working memory for visual cues when these cues were relevant for upcoming movements. Many of these brain areas also encoded the type of arm movement (reach vs. point), arm posture, and limb contralaterality, a property that co-varied with increasing ties to motor execution. Also, a comparison of real vs. imagined arm movements revealed that the imagined arm could be used as a proxy for the real arm to drive activity in motor planning areas. Another study completed in healthy control and spinal cord-injured subjects demonstrated the preservation of a relatively normal pattern of brain activity after the brain is functionally disconnected from the limbs. The degree of preservation of healthy/normal BOLD activity levels, particularly in the medial parietal cortex, strongly correlated with clinical and behavioral variables and could predict functional motor improvements in spinal cord-injured subjects six months later. These studies contribute to our understanding of the representation of goal-directed action planning in the human brain, elucidate human-monkey interspecies functional homologies, and have implications for the design and implantation of cortical neural prosthetic devices.
Simulation Methods for Optimal Experimental Design in Systems Biology

To obtain a systems-level understanding of a biological system, the authors conducted quantitative dynamic experiments from which the system structure and the parameters have to be deduced. Since biological systems have to cope with different environmental conditions, certain properties are often robust with respect to variations in some of the parameters. Hence, it is important to use optimal experimental design considerations in advance of the experiments to improve the information content of the measurements. Using the MAP-Kinase pathway as an example, the authors present a simulation study investigating the application of different optimality criteria. It is demonstrated that experimental design significantly improves the parameter estimation accuracy and also reveals difficulties in parameter estimation due to robustness.
Hyperactive Children Grown Up: ADHD in Children, Adolescents, and Adults

This second edition of a classic volume demonstrates that fifty percent of hyperactive children continue to face problems of impulsivity, restlessness, low self-esteem, and social skill deficits when they become adults. Providing a complete developmental analysis of the symptoms evinced from infancy through adolescence, the authors show how the disorder is manifested and what happens during treatment at different ages. The authors attempt to distinguish patterns that can be linked to early hyperactivity and examine predictive factoRs related to adult outcome. Clinical vignettes present psychotherapy sessions with children and a poignant rendering of one individual's experience of growing up hyperactive. The new section of the second edition begins with a postscript by this same individual where he relays how he has met the various challenges posed by ADHD. This section also contains a summary of recent research on genetic transmission, neurobiological aspects, and the importance of coexistance of other conditions in ADHD. An extensive update of the treatment for both children and adults has been added to the second edition to present a summary of recent findings regarding the use of medications and various psychosocial treatments.
Improving system throughput and fairness simultaneously in shared memory CMP systems via Dynamic Bank Partitioning

Applications running concurrently in CMP systems interfere with each other at DRAM memory, leading to poor system performance and fairness. Memory access scheduling reorders memory requests to improve system throughput and fairness. However, it cannot resolve the interference issue effectively. To reduce interference, memory partitioning divides memory resource among threads. Memory channel partitioning maps the data of threads that are likely to severely interfere with each other to different channels. However, it allocates memory resource unfairly and physically exacerbates memory contention of intensive threads, thus ultimately resulting in the increased slowdown of these threads and high system unfairness. Bank partitioning divides memory banks among cores and eliminates interference. However, previous equal bank partitioning restricts the number of banks available to individual thread and reduces bank level parallelism. In this paper, we first propose a Dynamic Bank Partitioning (DBP), which partitions memory banks according to threads' requirements for bank amounts. DBP compensates for the reduced bank level parallelism caused by equal bank partitioning. The key principle is to profile threads' memory characteristics at run-time and estimate their demands for bank amount, then use the estimation to direct our bank partitioning. Second, we observe that bank partitioning and memory scheduling are orthogonal in the sense; both methods can be illuminated when they are applied together. Therefore, we present a comprehensive approach which integrates Dynamic Bank Partitioning and Thread Cluster Memory scheduling (DBP-TCM, TCM is one of the best memory scheduling) to further improve system performance. Experimental results show that the proposed DBP improves system performance by 4.3% and improves system fairness by 16% over equal bank partitioning. Compared to TCM, DBP-TCM improves system throughput by 6.2% and fairness by 16.7%. When compared with MCP, DBP-TCM provides 5.3% better system throughput and 37% better system fairness. We conclude that our methods are effective in improving both system throughput and fairness.
Analysis of Electrothermal Effects in Bipolar Differential Pairs

An extensive experimental and theoretical analysis of bipolar differential pairs subject to radical electrothermal feedback is presented. Measurements demonstrate that considerable thermally-induced degradation of circuit characteristics may occur, eventually turning into the full disappearance of a linear region, which is replaced by a hysteresis behavior under voltage-controlled conditions. An analytical model is derived for a simple yet reliable prediction of the distortion of I- V curves. A more elaborated circuit approach is employed to accurately quantify the concurrent destabilizing action of electrothermal and impact ionization effects, as well as to evaluate the impact of layout asymmetries and examine the beneficial influence of emitter degeneration resistors. Simulation results are found to compare favorably with experiments performed on silicon-on-glass test structures with various layouts and isolation schemes, from which the benefits of thermally coupling the two devices become evident.
Stereometric parameters of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph in the follow-up of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a progressive neuropathy of the optic nerve. It causes degeneration of ganglion cell axons resulting in defects in the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and characteristic changes in the optic nerve head (ONH). The Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) is a confocal scanning laser imaging device, which measures the topography of the ONH and the adjacent RNFL. To quantify the measurements of the ONH topography, various stereometric parameters are calculated. The change in the stereometric parameters of the HRT was studied in 34 eyes with glaucomatous progression in RNFL photographs and 34 eyes without progression. The change in only one stereometric parameter, the cup shape measure, showed a statistically significant correlation with the progression of the RNFL defect. An optimised change in the best threeparameter combination had 77% sensitivity and 79% specificity for progression. The change in the stereometric parameters was compared in 51 eyes with glaucomatous progression in stereoscopic ONH photographs and 425 eyes without progression. The parameters having the best correlation with progression include cup:disc area ratio, vertical cup:disc ratio, cup volume and rim area. The parameter with the largest area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (0.726) was the vertical cup:disc ratio. A change of 0.007 in the vertical cup:disc ratio had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 65% for progression. The factors having the most significant effect on the sensitivity and specificity of the stereometric parameters for progression were the reference height difference and the mean topography standard deviation, indicating image quality. The change in image quality and age also showed a consistent, but variably significant influence on all parameters tested. Exercise was associated with an increase in variance in 17 of the 18 stereometric parameters. In conclusion, the change in the stereometric parameters provides useful information on ONH topography, especially when image quality is excellent. However, the evaluation of glaucomatous progression should not rely solely on the stereometric parameters of the HRT.
Using drawings and discussion to gain insights into young learners’ understanding of mass

In this paper, we explore the possible value of an open-ended assessment task, Impress Me, and followup interview as ways to gain insights into children’s learning of mathematics,. Ten children in their first or second year of school recorded their understanding using drawing and/or writing after the period in which they were taught lessons on the measurement of mass. Later they met individually with an interviewer/researcher to discuss their drawing/writing and their learning. The Impress Me recording was found to be a useful prompt for the children to stimulate discussion about their learning.
A Scalable Solar Antenna for Autonomous Integrated Wireless Sensor Nodes

A novel scalable low-profile omnidirectional antenna that can be integrated underneath a solar panel is presented. The topology alleviates the effect of solar panel to the antenna while achieving a monopole-like radiation performance above a ground plane. A 72 × 72 × 11.5 mm3 solar antenna 3-D structure operating around 2.4 GHz demonstrates the potential of the presented configuration for the implementation of autonomous integrated wireless sensors nodes.
A comparison of three black-box optimization approaches for model-based testing

Model-based testing is a technique for generating test cases from a test model. Various notations and techniques have been used to express the test model and generate test cases from those models. Many use customized modelling languages and in-depth white-box static analysis for test generation. This allows for optimizing generated tests to specific paths in the model. Others use general-purpose programming languages and light-weight black-box dynamic analysis. While this light-weight approach allows for quick prototyping and easier integration with existing tools and user skills, optimizing the resulting test suite becomes more challenging since less information about the possible paths is available. In this paper, we present and compare three approaches to such black-box optimization.
Feature Engineering in User's Music Preference Prediction

The second track of this year's KDD Cup asked contestants to separate a user's highly rated songs from unrated songs for a large set of Yahoo! Music listeners. We cast this task as a binary classification problem and addressed it utilizing gradient boosted decision trees. We created a set of highly predictive features, each with a clear explanation. These features were grouped into five categories: hierarchical linkage features, track-based statistical features, user-based statistical features, features derived from the k-nearest neighbors of the users, and features derived from the k-nearest neighbors of the items. No music domain knowledge was needed to create these features. We demonstrate that each group of features improved the prediction accuracy of the classification model. We also discuss the top predictive features of each category in this paper.
5 Rethinking reproductive politics in time, and time in UK reproductive politics: 1978‐2008

This paper explores two different but interlinked and contemporaneous debates over reproductive politics in which we can observe at least three distinct combinations of time. In the first part, I describe the shift in the 1980s to a ‘biologized’ time by British Christian Right-to-Life groups, who began to use a secularized ontogeny to promote and defend a religious definition of ‘the way, the truth, and the life’ – an altered ‘theo-ontology’ based on the equivalence of the absolute value of human life, the truth (of biological life), and faith in Christ (as everlasting life). In the second part, I describe a differently ‘remixed’, and opposing, ontology (secular and semi-secular, using a hybrid bio-legal chronometry but orientated toward the timeless horizon of progress) that characterized the debate over the future of in vitro fertilization in the same period, leading up to the adoption of the first Human Fertilization and Embryology (HFE) Act in the UK in 1990. In the third part, I examine the legacy of these debates insofar as they are evident in the more recent political conflicts accompanying passage of an amended HFE Act in 2008 and the debate over so-called ‘cybrid embryos’. These episodes reveal how social movements ‘are profoundly shaped by mediations and conflicts between diverse representations, technologies, social disciplines and rhythms of time’. I argue that the varied constructions of temporality in reproductive politics evident in these three distinct episodes are crucial to anthropological understandings of the meaning of ‘biological control’ in the context of stem cell research, cloning, tissue engineering, and reproductive biomedicine.