Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structurally informed methods for improved sentiment analysis

Sentiment analysis deals with methods to automatically analyze opinions in natural language texts, e.g., product reviews. Such reviews contain a large number of finegrained opinions, but to automatically extract detailed information it is necessary to handle a wide variety of verbalizations of opinions. The goal of this thesis is to develop robust structurally informed models for sentiment analysis which address challenges that arise from structurally complex verbalizations of opinions. In this thesis, we look at two examples for such verbalizations that benefit from including structural information into the analysis: negation and comparisons. Negation directly influences the polarity of sentiment expressions, e.g., while “good” is positive, “not good” expresses a negative opinion. We propose a machine learning approach that uses information from dependency parse trees to determine whether a sentiment word is in the scope of a negation expression. Comparisons like “X is better than Y” are the main topic of this thesis. We present a machine learning system for the task of detecting the individual components of comparisons: the anchor or predicate of the comparison, the entities that are compared, which aspect they are compared in, and which entity is preferred. Again, we use structural context from a dependency parse tree to improve the performance of our system. We discuss two ways of addressing the issue of limited availability of training data for our system. First, we create a manually annotated corpus of comparisons in product reviews, the largest such resource available to date. Second, we use the semi-supervised method of structural alignment to expand a small seed set of labeled sentences with similar sentences from a large set of unlabeled sentences. Finally, we work on the task of producing a ranked list of products that complements the isolated prediction of ratings and supports the user in a process of decision making. We demonstrate how we can use the information from comparisons to rank products and evaluate the result against two conceptually different external gold standard rankings.
Accountant’s Perspective In Employment Aspects

This study provides a preliminary research of accountant's perspective in employment aspect in Indonesia as a part of Sustainability Developments Goals (SDGs). The discussion was subject to importance accountant's perspective related to one aspect of SDGs namely employment. This study was aimed to obtain accountant's perspective on employment issues, one aspect of SDGs. The data were collected from questionnaires addressed to Indonesian accountants who have work experience at least 5 years in that field as an accountant. There were 52 questionnaires which were spread and filled in all the answers. The respondens consisted of 2 public accountants, 6 management accountans, 30 education accountants, 4 tax accountants and 10 government accountants. There are 11 questions in the questionnaire, one question is about accountant's perception of importance and understanding on employment in general, and the others are related to employment contents in SDGs.The study suggested that Indonesian Accountants consider to understand on employment aspect in line with SDGs and Indonesian Accountants consider that employment was important in their perspective. Sustainability issues regulated in a global guide SDGs should be an important discussion that could be understood by every member of the Indonesia Accounting Profession for improving accounting field not only in research areas but also have to reach on the accounting profession areas practically. Keywords: accountant's perspective, employment, sustainability development goals
Contribution of culture media and chemical properties of polystyrene tissue culture plates to biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcal biofilm development on implanted biomaterials represents an important virulence determinant in the pathogenesis of device-related infections. The prevailing environmental milieu and growth media supplements such as NaCl, ethanol, glucose and sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics strongly influence biofilm development. In the laboratory, the microtitre plate assay is one of the commonestmethods used tomeasure the biofilm-forming capability of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. This semiquantitative measurement of biofilm formation involves growing bacterial cultures in individual wells of 96-well polystyrene plates according to the method of Christensen et al. (1985). In our experiments bacteria were grown at 37 8C for 24 h before being vigorously washed three times with distilled H2O and dried for 1 h at 56 8C as recommended by Gelosia et al. (2001) prior to staining with a 0.4% crystal violet solution. The absorbance of adhered, stained cells was measured at 492 nm using a Multiskan plate reader (Flow Laboratories).
Molecular, physiological, and growth responses to sodium stress in C4 grasses from a soil salinity gradient in the Serengeti ecosystem.

The concentration of soil sodium (Na) is an important factor that influences species distribution in the Serengeti short-grass plains, Tanzania. Experiments were conducted to characterize physiological (growth, photosynthetic, nutrients, and water relations) and molecular (heat shock proteins and organic solutes) responses to high soil sodium in four Serengeti C(4) grasses. The species tested were Andropogon greenwayi and three species of Sporobulus, S. ioclados, S. kentrophyllus and S. spicatus. Andropogon greenwayi occurs on locations with low soil Na concentrations, S. ioclados on low to moderate, S. kentrophyllus moderate to high, and S. spicatus on soils with high Na concentration.Among all four species, short-term physiological and molecular responses to Na treatments (0, 100, and 400 mmol/L Na) were correlated with their field soil Na concentrations. Sporobulus kentrophyllus and S. spicatus exhibited rapid molecular induction of heat shock proteins in response to experimental soil Na treatments within 24 h and had increased levels of proline within 96 h in contrast to A. greenwayi and S. ioclados. Photosynthetic rates and water relations were positively correlated with field soil Na concentrations and Hsp induction was clearly associated with photosynthetic tolerance. Long-term (6 wk) responses of the four species to Na treatment were consistent with the short-term responses to Na. Species that occur on low Na soils in the field did not survive past week 1 when treated with 400 mmol/L Na and exhibited significant reductions in biomass when treated with 100 mmol/L Na. Reduced biomass was associated with increased shoot tissue Na concentrations, and thus Na tolerance correlated with the Na concentrations of field leaf tissue. The results demonstrate that the community distribution of these species reflects their Na tolerance and that the observed physiological and molecular responses in tolerant species may have adaptive significance.
Improving SSVEP-BCI performance using pre-trial normalization methods

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables users to communicate through a computer using only their brain signals, by extracting brain signal features containing information representative of the user's intent, and can be used in a wide variety of areas such as entertainment, rehabilitation, or assistive technologies. In this paper, two novel normalization methods are assessed with the aim of improving the quality of the extracted features: Baseline-Corrected canonical correlation analysis (BC-CCA), and Scaled CCA. Both methods are found to be able to improve classification accuracy in conditions using frequencies with a large range, whilst BC-CCA is the superior of the two, improving SSVEP detection accuracy by as much as 9.22%.
A Maximum Power Point Tracking Approach for Wind Farm Control 1

This paper presents a new methodology for controlling wind farms in a decentralized framework, where the wind turbines exchange information with their neighbours, and update their own control parameters in order to optimize the total power produced by the wind farm in a time-efficient manner, taking into account effects of wake interaction. The method can be characterized as being model-free since it does not require a model of the aerodynamic interaction between the turbines. The total power optimization is performed using gradient-based optimization. The gradients are approximated based on information of the past control actions, the power response of the turbine itself, and the power response of neighbouring turbines. To achieve time-efficiency, only the influence on the nearest neighbouring turbine is taken into account. The method is tested on a simulation of the Princess Amalia Wind Park, a 60 turbine offshore wind farm in The Netherlands. Because of the improved time-efficiency of the control update scheme, the new method yields a faster convergence of the power optimization when compared to an existing model-free game-theoretic wind farm power optimization method.
Factors Influencing the Poor Academic Performance of Learners with Vision Impairment in Science Subjects in Kgatleng District in Botswana

This study employed qualitative research design. The main purpose was to determine factors that influence the poor academic performance of learners with vision impairment in science subjects at a senior secondary school in Botswana. Using purposeful sampling, 14 learners and 5 teachers were selected for the study. Data collection involved interviews, observation and document analysis. The findings revealed that multiple factors influence the poor performance of learners with vision impairment. The factors include shortage of human and material resources, teaching methods, teacher and learner attitudes. It is very clear from the findings that learners with vision impairment are experiencing challenges in learning science that are a result of deficient pedagogical practices, shortage of specialised teachers of science and material resources. The study, therefore, recommends intensive review of human resource deployment policies and improved monitoring and evaluation of inclusive education practices in schools if learners with vision impairment are to achieve the desired outcomes. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.16. 11.2
Experiences of registered nurses who supervise international nursing students in the clinical and classroom setting: an integrative literature review.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To examine the literature reporting the experiences and perceptions of registered nurses who supervise international nursing students in the clinical and classroom setting. BACKGROUND Nursing education relies on clinical experts to supervise students during classroom and clinical education, and the quality of that supervision has a significant impact on student development and learning. Global migration and internationalisation of nursing education have led to increasing numbers of registered nurses supervising international nursing students. However, a paucity of relevant literature limits our understanding of these experiences. DESIGN An integrative literature review. METHODS Comprehensive database searches of CINAHL, Informit, PubMed, Journals@Ovid, Findit@flinders and Medline were undertaken. Screening of 179 articles resulted in 10 included for review. Appraisal and analysis using Whittemore and Knafl's (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52, 2005, 546) five stage integrative review recommendations was undertaken. RESULTS This review highlighted some unique challenges for registered nurses supervising international nursing students. Identified issues were, a heightened sense of responsibility, additional pastoral care challenges, considerable time investments, communication challenges and cultural differences between teaching and learning styles. CONCLUSION It is possible that these unique challenges could be minimised by implementing role preparation programmes specific to international nursing student supervision. Further research is needed to provide an in-depth exploration of current levels of preparation and support to make recommendations for future practice, education and policy development. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE An awareness of the specific cultural learning needs of international nursing students is an important first step to the provision of culturally competent supervision for this cohort of students. There is an urgent need for education and role preparation for all registered nurses supervising international nursing students, along with adequate recognition of the additional time required to effectively supervise these students.
Operating Performance and Capital Structure of Rural Saving and Credit Cooperatives in Ethiopia: Application of Panel Threshold Method

The main objective of this study was to examine whether operating performances of rural saving and credit cooperatives are under the influence of capital structure inline with loans growth, and to test if threshold relationship exists in these cooperatives of the Amhara, Oromia, SNNP and Tigray regions. A panel data of 92 rural saving and credit cooperatives from 2004 to 2007 was used and threshold regression analysis model developed by Hansen (1999) applied. Further, this study reviews the saving and loan outreach as well as financial performance of rural saving and credit cooperatives using Protection, Effective financial structure, Asset quality, Rates of return and cost, Liquidity and Signs of growth(PEARLS) monitoring system software that developed by World Credit Cooperative Union. The empirical findings depict that capital structures significantly influence rural saving and credit cooperatives. The threshold variables (net worth to loan ratio) have two values 0.11 and 0.01. When the threshold value is between these figures, every unit of growth in loans increases operating performance by 0.10 times, which is not satisfactory. The empirical findings also show that the growth in loans for the rural saving and credit cooperatives in all four regions affects operating performance. In addition, saving and loan outreach performance varies by region. While, Oromia comprises 53% of the rural saving and credit cooperatives, Amhara dominates with small number of savers (14%) but with large number of borrowers (30%). In general, the number of savers to borrowers in Amhara is 3:1, in Tigray 3.2:1, in SNNP 4:1 and in Oromia 23:1. Moreover, the empirical findings of financial performance of rural saving and credit cooperatives using monitoring system software shows that all rural saving and credit cooperatives in the country are not practicing loan loss protection and even solvency is 50% less than the standard. 1
Phenomenological modelling of ferromagnetic hysteresis using three dimensional dipole collectives

Knowing the magnetic properties of electrical steel is very important to build highly efficient electrical machines. Many approaches, which are either of mathematical, physical or phenomenological kind, were developed in the past in order to predict the phenomenon of hysteresis in case of unmeasured conditions. In this paper, a phenomenological 3D hysteresis model using magnetic dipoles, which are mechanically supported on a 3-dimensional grid, is presented. The different interactions between these dipoles are based on the equations of micromagnetism. Instead of minimizing the free energy in the system by mathematical optimization methods, each elementary dipole is able to rotate into an individual energetically favourable positon due to its mechanical mounting. In the following sections the model, its parameters and the identification process are presented. Afterwards, the results of the parameter identification process for a measured hysteresis are shown. Furthermore the predictive abilities of the model in case of unmeasured conditions are discussed.
Customization of a Real-Time Operating System Scheduler with Aspect-Oriented Programming

Tasks of an application program of an embedded system are managed by the scheduler of a real-time operating system (RTOS). Most RTOSs adopt just fixed priority scheduling, which is not optimal in all cases. Some applications require earliest deadline first (EDF) scheduling, which is an optimal scheduling algorithm. In order to develop an efficient real-time embedded system, the scheduling algorithm of the RTOS should be selectable. The paper presents a method to customize the scheduler using aspectoriented programming. We define aspects to replace the fixed priority scheduling mechanism of an OSEK OS with an EDF scheduling mechanism. By using the aspects, we can customize the scheduler without modifying the original source code. We have applied the aspects to an OSEK OS and get a customized operating system with EDF scheduling. The evaluation results show that the overhead of aspect-oriented programming is small enough. Keywords—aspect-oriented programming, embedded system, operating system, real-time system
Conceptualization of Value Co-Creation for Shrimp Products in Bangladesh

For the shrimp companies to remain relevant to its local and international consumers, they must offer new shrimp product and services. It must work actively not just to create value for the consumer, but to involve the consumer in co-creating value for shrimp product innovation in the market. In this theoretical work, we conceptualize the business concept of value co-creation in the context of shrimp products, and propose a framework of value co-creation for shrimp product innovation in shrimp industries. With guidance on value co-creation in in shrimp industry, and shrimp value chain actors mapped to the co-creation cycle, companies can use the framework to offer new shrimp product to consumer communities. Although customer co-creation is known approach in the world, it is not commonly used by the companies in Bangladesh. This paper makes an original contribution by conceptualizing co-creation and set the examples of best co-creation practices in food sector. The results of the study provide management with guidelines for successful co-creation projects with an innovationand market-oriented approach. The framework also provides a basis for further research in this area. Keywords—Bangladesh, shrimp industry, shrimp product, value co-creation.
A 3D Evaluation Method for Rail–Highway Hump Crossings

Rail–highway grade crossing crashes may be caused by long vehicles with low clearances becoming stranded when attempting to negotiate rail–highway crossings with steeply graded profiles—hump crossings. Although design standards have been established to encourage the construction that most vehicles are able to successfully navigate, the combination of grade profile and cross‐section interacting with unique vehicle dimensions may lead to instances where vehicles may have difficulty crossing. This article describes a three‐dimensional (3D)‐based (LiDAR) methodology to identify and evaluate the severity of hump crossings. A five‐level criterion is proposed to rate the magnitude of contact. The methodology is demonstrated by modeling seven common low‐clearance vehicle types at three types of hump crossings. Field testing indicates a good correlation between the predicted degree of vehicle‐crossing conflicts and those observed in the field. Results are applicable to operations (e.g., truck routing) or for maintenance and reconstruction programs. Future research could extend the methodology to tunnel and bridge clearances, real‐time warning systems, autonomous vehicles, or even nontransportation applications.
What Influences Short Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings in Kenya

Share relevant information access in a capital market influence the performance of an initial public offering. Information access depends on the degree the of efficient market hypothesis. The purpose of this paper was to establish the factors that impact the performance of initial public offering in the short run. The population for the study comprised of all the firms listed between 2000 and 2014 in Nairobi securities Exchange. Causal design was applied through regressing the raw total return against the determinants. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The study finds that offer price, offer size, subscription rate, turnover, net assets, age ,market return and market volatility were not statistically significant in explaining the performance of initial public offering in Kenya. The study question the aces of the prospectus by the investors. Furthermore, the prospectus is a technical document understandable by the professionals.Finally the study propose that investment civic education be rolled out to the public by capital Markets authority, the regulator of capital markets in Kenya.
Protein kinase activity immunoprecipitated from adenovirus infected cells by sera from tumor-bearing hamsters

Earlier, we reported (N. J. Lassam, S. T. Bayley, F. L. Graham, and P. E. Branton, Nature (London) 277:241-243, 1979) detecting protein kinase activity when cytoplasmic extracts of human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-infected KB cells immunoprecipitated with 14b antitumor serum directed against the transforming proteins of Ad5, were incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP. Here we show that in the in vitro assay this kinase phosphorylated both the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G and polypeptide than comigrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels with the 58,000-dalton Ad5 antigen. It also phosphorylated added histone H3. Evidence is presented that the protein kinase activity found with extracts from Ad5-infected cells is not due to nonspecific trapping of cellular enzymes in immune complexes, but to an enzyme which is distinct from kinases detected at background levels in controls. Serine and threonine were the major phosphorylated amino acids, and essentially no phosphotyrosine was detected. Protein kinase activity detected in Ad12-infected cells immunoprecipitated by an antiserum derived from hamsters bearing Ad12-induced tumors appeared to be immunologically distinct from that immunoprecipitated from Ad5-infected cells by 14b serum.
Assessment of uncertainty in cloud radiative effects and heating rates through retrieval algorithm differences: Analysis using 3 years of ARM data at Darwin, Australia

Ground‐based radar and lidar observations obtained at the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's Tropical Western Pacific site located in Darwin, Australia, are used to retrieve ice cloud properties in anvil and cirrus clouds. Cloud microphysical properties derived from four different retrieval algorithms (two radar‐lidar and two radar‐only algorithms) are compared by examining mean profiles and probability density functions of effective radius (Re), ice water content (IWC), visible extinction coefficient, ice number concentration, ice crystal fall speed, and vertical air velocity. Retrieval algorithm uncertainty is quantified using radiative flux closure exercises. The effect of uncertainty in retrieved quantities on the cloud radiative effect and radiative heating rates is presented. Our analysis shows that IWC compares well among algorithms, but Re shows significant discrepancies, which are attributed primarily to assumptions of particle shape. Uncertainty in Re and IWC translates into sometimes large differences in cloud shortwave radiative effect (CRE) though the majority of cases have a CRE difference of roughly 10 W m−2 on average. These differences, which we believe are primarily driven by the uncertainty in Re, can cause up to 2 K/d difference in the radiative heating rates between algorithms.