Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Language impairment in Parkinson's disease

Abstract Increasingly, researchers and clinicians are beginning to unveil both cognitive and linguistic impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD), a condition characterized in the past primarily by impairment of the motoric aspects of ambulation and speech. This study describes subtle language impairment in 20 subjects with PD on a battery of measures selected to be sensitive to frontal lobe language function. Comparative performances of the PD subjects with an age, gender, and education-matched control group revealed significant performance level differences across several language variables. The PD subject group as a whole, presented with impaired naming and definitional abilities, and difficulties in interpreting ambiguity and figurative language. When the PD subjects were divided on the basis of their score on a cognitive rating scale, PD subjects with below normal cognitive status presented with deficits in naming, definition, and multi-definition abilities, as well as problems in interpreting ambiguit.
Order types of models of reducts of Peano Arithmetic and their fragments

It is well-known that non-standard models of Peano Arithmetic have order type N+Z ·D where D is a dense linear order without first or last element. Not every order of the form N+Z ·D is the order type of a model of Peano Arithmetic, though; in general, it is not known how to characterise those D for which this is the case. In this paper, we consider syntactic fragments of Peano Arithmetic (both with and without induction) and study the order types of their non-standard models. (August 4, 2017)
Heated carrier fluids in decreasing propofol injection pain: a randomized, controlled trial

Background Propofol is a commonly used intravenous drug during anesthetic induction because of its rapid onset and short duration. However, the injection pain that patients experience is so severe that they recall the induction of anesthesia as the most painful part of the perioperative period. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of heated carrier fluids (40℃) in decreasing propofol injection pain. Methods A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted in 90 patients aged 18 to 65 who were scheduled for either elective or urgent surgery under general anesthesia classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II. Patients were allocated into the following 3 groups: 1) Group W (n = 30) who received 200 ml of heated carrier fluids for 20 minutes prior to propofol injection; 2) Group L (n = 30) who received 200 ml of heated carrier fluids for 20 minutes prior to 0.5 mg/kg 1%lidocaine 1 minute before propofol injection; 3) Group C (control group, n = 30) who received 200 ml of room temperature fluids prior to propofol injection. Pain was evaluated using verbal pain score (VPS). Results Group W and Group L showed significant reduction (P = 0.001) in the incidence and severity of injection pain compared to Group C. VPS scores were significantly lower in Group W and Group L compared to those of Group C. Incidence of propofol injection pain was statistically different between Group W (P = 0.005) and Group L (P = 0.037) compared to Group C, but not statistically different between Group W and Group L (P = 0.432). Conclusions Both sole injection of heated carrier fluids and the combination of 0.5 mg/kg 1%lidocaine pretreatment effectively reduced propofol injection pain.
The roles of leader emotion management and team conflict for team members' personal initiative: A multilevel perspective

Employees' personal initiative (i.e., their active and future-oriented engagement at work) is of high relevance to organizations that strive for innovation and competitiveness. To better understand its drivers and diminishers, the present study refers to Affective Events Theory and examines the impact of leader emotion management, team conflict, and affective well-being on personal initiative. Data from 300 members of 59 work teams in Germany were gathered from multiple sources at three points in time over the course of 2 weeks. Multilevel analyses indicated that leader emotion management positively affected team members' personal initiative and that this effect was mediated by team members' affective well-being. Data also revealed a contrasting negative indirect effect of task conflict within the team on team members' personal initiative via team members' affective well-being. The study's results suggest that the improvement of leaders' emotion management as well as the establishment of work conditions and experiences that foster affective well-being should be seriously considered by organizations wishing to facilitate personal initiative in team settings.
Cryptic asymmetry: unreliable signals mask asymmetric performance of crayfish weapons

Animals commonly use their limbs as signals and weapons during territorial aggression. Asymmetries of limb performance that do not relate to asymmetries of limb size (cryptic asymmetry) could substantially affect disputes, but this phenomenon has not been considered beyond primates. We investigated cryptic asymmetry in male crayfish (Cherax dispar), which commonly use unreliable signals of strength during aggression. Although the strength of a chela can vary by an order of magnitude for a given size, we found repeatable asymmetries of strength that were only weakly related to asymmetries of size. Size-adjusted strength of chelae and the asymmetry of strength between chelae were highly repeatable between environmental conditions, suggesting that asymmetries of strength stemmed from variation in capacity rather than motivation. Cryptic asymmetry adds another dimension of uncertainty during conflict between animals, which could influence the evolution of unreliable signals and morphological asymmetry.
High Frequency Deflection Monitoring of Bridges by GPS

The use of GPS for the deflection and deformation monitoring of structures has been under investigation for a number of years. Previous work has shown that GPS not only measures the magnitude of the deflection of the structure, but also it is able to measure the frequency of the movement. Both sets of information are useful for structural engineers when assessing the condition of the structure as well as evaluating whether Finite Element (FE) models of such structures are indeed correct. GPS has the advantage of resulting in an absolute 3-D position, with a very precise corresponding time tag. However, until recently, the maximum data rate was typically 10-20 Hz, meaning that the maximum detectable frequency was about 5-10 Hz. GPS also has the disadvantage of multipath and cycle clips, and the height component's accuracy is typically 2 - 3 times worse than that of plan. Previous work at the IESSG has included the integration of RTK GPS, gathering data at a rate of up to 10Hz, with that of data from an accelerometer, typically gathering data at up to 200 Hz. Accelerometers tend to drift over time, and can not detect low vibration frequencies, but the acceleration data can be double integrated resulting in changes in positions. The integration of GPS and accelerometers can help to overcome each others' shortfalls. This paper investigates the use of high rate carrier phase GPS receivers for deflection monitoring of structures. Such receivers include the Javad JNS100, capable of gathering data at up to 100 Hz. Static trials have been conducted to investigate the precision of such a receiver, as well as the potential applications of such a high data rate. Trials were carried out in a controlled environment and actual bridge monitoring, and comparisons made with a Leica SR510 receiver.
The Genome of Bacteriophage K 1 F , a T 7-Like Phage That Has Acquired the Ability To Replicate on K 1 Strains of Escherichia coli †

Bacteriophage K1F specifically infects Escherichia coli strains that produce the K1 polysaccharide capsule. Like several other K1 capsule-specific phages, K1F encodes an endo-neuraminidase (endosialidase) that is part of the tail structure which allows the phage to recognize and degrade the polysaccharide capsule. The complete nucleotide sequence of the K1F genome reveals that it is closely related to bacteriophage T7 in both genome organization and sequence similarity. The most striking difference between the two phages is that K1F encodes the endosialidase in the analogous position to the T7 tail fiber gene. This is in contrast with bacteriophage K1-5, another K1-specific phage, which encodes a very similar endosialidase which is part of a tail gene “module” at the end of the phage genome. It appears that diverse phages have acquired endosialidase genes by horizontal gene transfer and that these genes or gene products have adapted to different genome and virion architectures.
Validity of the cultural awareness and beliefs inventory of urban teachers: A parallel mixed methods study

Abstract As the United States strives to meet the challenges of improving the academic achievement of African American students in large urban school districts, researchers are beginning to examine cultural awareness and beliefs of urban teachers. The present study used a parallel mixed methods design to examine the score-validity and score-reliability of a cultural awareness and beliefs inventory (CABI). This 46-item inventory measured the perceptions of 1,253 urban teachers. Specifically, the CABI measured urban teachers’ cultural awareness and beliefs about their African American students. Construct validity was addressed by establishing internal consistency and content-related, structural, and substantive validities derived from analyses of two data strands. Implications of the study for policy makers, administrators, and educators, and directions for future research are provided.
merAligner: A Fully Parallel Sequence Aligner

Aligning a set of query sequences to a set of target sequences is an important task in bioinformatics. In this work we present merAligner, a highly parallel sequence aligner that implements a seed -- and -- extend algorithm and employs parallelism in all of its components. MerAligner relies on a high performance distributed hash table (seed index) and uses one-sided communication capabilities of the Unified Parallel C to facilitate a fine-grained parallelism. We leverage communication optimizations at the construction of the distributed hash table and software caching schemes to reduce communication during the aligning phase. Additionally, merAligner preprocesses the target sequences to extract properties enabling exact sequence matching with minimal communication. Finally, we efficiently parallelize the I/O intensive phases and implement an effective load balancing scheme. Results show that merAligner exhibits efficient scaling up to thousands of cores on a Cray XC30 supercomputer using real human and wheat genome data while significantly outperforming existing parallel alignment tools.
An Examination of Prescription Stimulant Misuse and Psychological Variables Among Sorority and Fraternity College Populations

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine nonmedical stimulant use among fraternity/sorority members and nonmembers and whether psychological variables (e.g., internal restlessness, depression, anxiety, and stress) were related to nonmedical stimulant use. Method: The sample consisted of 1,033 undergraduate students from five universities located in the northeastern, southeastern, northwestern, southwestern, and midwestern regions of the United States. Results: The findings revealed that fraternity and sorority members reported a higher rate of nonmedical stimulant use than nonmembers. In addition, regression analyses revealed that higher ratings of anxiety, stress, internal impulsivity, and internal restlessness significantly predicted nonmedical stimulant use. Conclusion: Current findings support further examination of nonmedical stimulant use among other college student subpopulations (i.e., athletic teams, honor societies, residence halls). In addition, there is a strong need to develop research-based intervention and preventive measures that target college populations identified as being at risk for nonmedical stimulant use.
Application of mobile agent in VANET for measuring environmental data

In Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET) vehicles equipped with wireless communication devices communicate with each other to share information or achieve some collaborative goal. Mobile agents because of their adaptability and mobility can be well utilized in designing VANET applications. In this paper, the vehicles in VANET are shown to collect environmental data. Here vehicles equipped with sensors to measure environmental data are sent from a monitoring center to some particular monitoring area. Each vehicle has mobile agent platform that may host one mobile agent. The mobile agent spawned at the monitoring center migrates from one vehicle to the other to reach the monitoring area. It (the agent) collects necessary data, processes it and brings back the result. This helps to measure environmental parameters in different areas without deploying fixed infrastructure and mobile agents ensure better utilization of network bandwidth. The application is simulated in OMNET++ with SUMO to generate road traffic. The results indicate scalability of the application for larger networks. With more no. of vehicles, more area can be covered.
Using Semantic Web Resources for Solving Winograd Schemas: Sculptures, Shelves, Envy, and Success

Winograd Schemas are sentences where a pronoun must be linked to one of two possible entities in the same sentence. Deciding correctly which entity should be linked was proposed as an alternative to the Turing test. Knowledge is a critical component of solving this challenge and Linked Data resources promise to be useful to that end. We discuss two example Winograd Schemas and related knowledge that can be discovered by manual search in WikiData, DBPedia, BabelNet, freebase, WordNet, VerbNet, and the Component Library. We find that these resources are difficult to leverage because (i) they mix named entities with expert jargon and generic ontological knowledge, (ii) annotation tools are lacking, and (ii) commonsense knowledge is kept implicit.
Towards optimal cache decision for campus networks with content-centric network routers

A traditional approach to solving the large delay problem of campus networks is to upgrade the link connecting the gateway to the Internet. Inspired by the emerging content-centric network (CCN) and software defined network (SDN) architecture, we propose an alternative solution where the campus network uses a few CCN routers with caching ability, so that duplicate requests for the same content can be satisfied locally without traffic from the Internet. In our solution, we formulate the problem of deciding the cached content at each router to minimize the total delay of all requests. We prove that the problem is NP-hard, and no polynomial time algorithm can provide a constant approximation ratio, unless P=NP. We then propose an exponential-time exact algorithm and three polynomial-time heuristic algorithms. Numerical results show that our solution can reduce network delay significantly, compared to existing cache decision algorithms.
Automatic partitioning and mapping of stream-based applications onto the Intel IXP Network processor

When studying the IXP Network processor architecture from Intel, we found quite some interesting aspects that make the IXP attractive for stream-based applications. The architecture is highly optimized for streaming data, albeit in the form of internet packets. Furthermore, the architecture has Gigabit Ethernet connectors for handling incoming and outgoing traffic and can process this data at real-time using dedicated microengines. In this paper, we try to answer three questions; 1) Can we use the IXP architecture for stream-based applications? 2) can we map applications written as a KPN onto an IXP? 3) can we integrate the generation of KPNs using the Compaan compiler with a tool flow that maps the KPN to an IXP, thereby make the programming of IXP much simpler? As will be shown, all three steps can be performed and we show that we can map automatically two non-internet stream-based applications (QR and DWT) onto the IXP.
Towards a New Cognitive Hourglass: Uniform Implementation of Cognitive Architecture via Factor Graphs

As cognitive architectures become ever more ambitious in the range of phenomena they are to assist in producing and modeling, there is increasing pressure for diversity in the mechanisms they embody. Yet uniformity remains critical for both elegance and extensibility. Here, the search for uniformity is continued, but shifted downwards in the cognitive hierarchy to the implementation level. Factor graphs are explored as a promising core, with initial steps towards a reimplementation of Soar. The ultimate aim is a uniform implementation level for cognitive architectures affording both heightened elegance and expanded coverage.
Audio-visual person recognition: an evaluation of data fusion strategies

Audio-visual person recognition promises higher recognition accuracy than recognition in either domain in isolation. To reach this goal, special attention should be given to the strategies for combining the acoustic and visual sensory modalities. The paper presents a comparative assessment of three decision level data fusion techniques for person identification. Under mismatched training and test noise conditions, Bayesian inference and Dempster-Shafer theory are shown to outperform possibility theory. For these mismatched noise conditions, all three techniques result in compromising integration. Under matched training and test noise conditions, the three techniques yield similar error rates approaching the more accurate of the two sensory modalities, and show signs of leading to enhancing integration at low acoustic noise levels. The paper also shows that automatic identification of identical twins is possible, and that lip margins convey a high level of speaker identity information.
Back propagation neural network approach to Intrusion Detection System

As the Internet is growing - so is the vulnerability of the network. Companies now days are spending huge amount of money to protect their sensitive data from different attacks that they face. In this paper, we propose a new methodology towards developing an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) based on Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPN) model. The proposed system was simulated using Matlab2010a utilizing benchmark intrusion KDDCUP'99 dataset to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
The simultaneous development of receptive skills in an orthographically transparent second language

Learning to read in an orthographically very shallow language may seem easy. However, for adults who are non-literate in their first language (L1), have no experience of formal education, and have to acquire literacy in a new language (L2), learning to read at all can be a formidable task. In this article, the results of a case study of the outcome of the first 10 months of Finnish literacy training for five immigrant women (24–45 years of age) are presented. Relationships are sought between the participants' achieved reading skills, their oral receptive vocabulary, their knowledge of letters, their phonological working memory and their visual memory. The results of the study show that even when grapheme-phoneme correspondences are quite regular, mere knowledge of the letters is not enough to trigger their ability to blend sounds. Vocabulary skills are necessary for functional reading but may be difficult to acquire if the phonological working memory is poor. Deficiencies in learners' mental representations of word patterns make it difficult for them to connect strings of letters to words. A good visual memory may help with vocabulary acquisition but this too first requires cracking the alphabetic code. The main conclusion of this first study of Finnish L2 literacy acquisition by non-literate adults is that multiple pedagogical approaches are required to accommodate the needs of these learners.
On a non‐invasive approach to prenatal diagnosis based on the detection of fetal nucleated cells in maternal blood samples

Following the introduction of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the amplification of specific DNA sequences using a single or a small number of cells (Saiki et al., 1985; Kogan et al., 1987), several attempts have been made at detecting fetal nucleated cells in the maternal peripheral circulation with the aim of performing prenatal diagnosis of selected inherited disorders by a non-invasive approach. By exploiting antigenic differences between the mother and fetus, three types of fetal nucleated cells may, eventually, be identified and isolated: syncytiotrophoblastic cellular elements, lymphocytes, and erythroblasts.
Integrated Analysis of Multiple Gene Expression Profiling Datasets Revealed Novel Gene Signatures and Molecular Markers in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Purpose: To identify the novel gene signatures and molecular markers of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by integrated bioinformatics analysis of multiple gene expression profiling datasets. Experimental Design: Seven published gene expression profiling studies and one of our unpublished works were reanalyzed to identify the common significantly dysregulated (CSD) genes in NPC. Overrepresentation analysis of cytogenetic bands, Gene Ontology (GO) categories, pathways were used to explore CSD genes functionally associated with carcinogenesis. The protein expressions of selected CSD genes were examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, and the correlations of their expressions with clinical outcomes were evaluated. Results: Using the criteria (genes reported deregulated in more than one study), a total of 962 genes were identified as the CSD genes in NPC. Four upregulated (BUB1B, CCND2, CENPF, and MAD2L1) and two downregulated (LTF and SLPI) genes were markedly reported in six studies. The enrichments of chromosome aberrations were 2q23, 2q31, 7p15, 12q15, 12q22, 18q11, and 18q12 in upregulated genes and 14q32 and 16q13 in downregulated genes. The activated GO categories and pathways related to proliferation, adhesion, invasion, and downregulated immune response had been functionally associated with NPC. SLPI significantly downregulated in nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the high expression of BUB1B or CENPF was associated with poor overall survival of patients. Conclusion: It was first clearly identified the dysregulated expression of BUB1B and SLPI in NPC tissues. Impact: Further studies of the CSD genes as gene signatures and molecular markers of NPC might improve the understanding of the disease and identify new therapeutic targets. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 166–75. ©2011 AACR.
An Improved Algorithm on the Post-Adding in Radix-2 DCT

Discrete cosine transform (DCT) is widely applied in various international coding standards. In this paper, an improved post-adding algorithm based on the radix-2 DCT algorithm is proposed. With the improved algorithm, the code size and real-time performance of the target code can be balanced to match various processor architectures. A configurable algorithm code generator using this method is also implemented, and result shows that it can significantly enhance the flexibility and reusage of the target code, thereby, applicable to various processor architecture.