Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Personalized Probabilistic Retrieval of Chinese Calligraphic Manuscript Images in Mobile Cloud Environment

Ancient language manuscripts constitute a key part of the cultural heritage of mankind. As one of the most important languages, Chinese historical calligraphy work has contributed to not only the Chinese cultural heritage but also the world civilization at large, especially for Asia. To support deeper and more convenient appreciation of Chinese calligraphy works, based on our previous work on the probabilistic retrieval of historical Chinese calligraphic character manuscripts repositories, we propose a system framework of the multi-feature-based Chinese calligraphic character images probabilistic retrieval in the mobile cloud network environment, which is called the DPRC. To ensure retrieval efficiency, we further propose four enabling techniques: (1) DRL-based probability propagation, (2) optimal data placement scheme, (3) adaptive data robust transmission algorithm, and (4) index support filtering scheme. Comprehensive experiments are conducted to testify the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed DPRC method.
Surveys in Combinatorics, 1997: New Perspectives on Interval Orders and Interval Graphs

Interval orders and interval graphs are particularly natural examples of two widely studied classes of discrete structures: partially ordered sets and undirected graphs. So it is not surprising that researchers in such diverse fields as mathematics, computer science, engineering and the social sciences have investigated structural, algorithmic, enumerative, combinatorial, extremal and even experimental problems associated with them. In this article, we survey recent work on interval orders and interval graphs, including research on on-line coloring, dimension estimates, fractional parameters, balancing pairs, hamiltonian paths, ramsey theory, extremal problems and tolerance orders. We provide an outline of the arguments for many of these results, especially those which seem to have a wide range of potential applications. Also, we provide short proofs of some of the more classical results on interval orders and interval graphs. Our goal is to provide fresh insights into the current status of research in this area while suggesting new perspectives and directions for the future.
Measuring the viscosity of whole bovine lens using a fiber optic oxygen sensing system

Purpose To obtain a better understanding of oxygen and nutrient transport within the lens, the viscosity of whole lenses was investigated using a fiber optic oxygen sensor (optode). The diffusion coefficient of oxygen was calculated using the Stokes-Einstein equation at the slip boundary condition. Methods The optode was used to measure the oxygen decay signal in samples consisting of different glycerol/water solutions with known viscosities. The oxygen decay signal was fitted to a double exponential decay rate equation, and the lifetimes (tau) were calculated. It was determined that the tau-viscosity relationship is linear, which served as the standard curve. The same procedure was applied to fresh bovine lenses, and the unknown viscosity of the bovine lens was calculated from the tau-viscosity relationship. Results The average viscosity in a whole bovine lens was determined to be 5.74±0.88 cP by our method. Using the Stokes-Einstein equation at the slip boundary condition, the diffusion coefficient for oxygen was calculated to be 8.2 × 10−6 cm2/s. Conclusions These data indicate a higher resistance to flow for oxygen and nutrients in the lens than what is currently assumed in the literature. Overall, this study allows a better understanding of oxygen transport within the lens.
MODIS Cloud screening for remote sensing of aerosols over oceans using spatial variability

A cloud masking algorithm based on the spatial variability of reflectances at the top of the atmosphere in visible wavelengths was developed for the retrieval of aerosol properties by MODIS. It is shown that the spatial pattern of cloud reflectance as observed from space, is very different from that of aerosols. Clouds show a very high spatial variability in the scale of hundred meters to few kilometers, whereas aerosols in general are very homogeneous. The concept of spatial variability of reflectances at the top of the atmosphere is mainly applicable over the ocean where the surface background is sufficiently homogeneous for the separation between aerosols and clouds. Aerosol retrievals require a particular cloud masking approach since a conservative mask will screen out strong aerosol episodes and a less conservative mask could allow for cloud contamination that tremendously affect the retrieved aerosol optical properties (e.g. aerosol optical depth and effective radii). A detailed study on the effect of cloud contamination on aerosol retrievals is performed and parameters are established determining the threshold value for the MODIS aerosol cloud mask (3X3‐STD) over the ocean. The 3X3‐STD algorithm discussed in this paper is the operational cloud mask used for MODIS aerosol retrievals over the ocean.
Normalizing Modularity Matrices for Data Clustering

Inspired by the fact that normalized graph Laplacian is superior to the non-normalized one in spectral clustering, in this paper we develop a new symmetric matrix called normalized modularity matrix which has different properties with the normalized graph Laplacian. And thus a new spectral clustering algorithm is derived based on this new matrix. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed algorithm: (1) being helpful in detecting intrinsic cluster number, (2) being competitive to two baseline algorithms.
Iris segmentation exploring color spaces

This paper describes a new method for iris segmentation using HSI and RGB color spaces. The outer and inner boundaries of the iris are extracted using the k-means unsupervised clusterization method. For the outer boundary detection the best results is obtained using as input variables of the clusterization method the red and green components of the RGB space. The final outer boundary is detected through the application of a modified version of the Hough Transform. For the inner boundary detection the best result is obtained using as input variables of the clusterization method the hue component of the HSI space. The method was tested with images of section 1 and 2 of the UBIRIS image database. For the section 1 the overall percent accuracy achieved was 97.6%. For section 2 the overall percent accuracy achieved was 93.7%. Some examples of the iris segmentation are provided in the results. A simple method for iris extraction associated with successful results obtained with noise iris images is the main contribution of this paper.
Characterization of the periplasmic redox network that sustains the versatile anaerobic metabolism of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1

The versatile anaerobic metabolism of the Gram-negative bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (SOMR-1) relies on a multitude of redox proteins found in its periplasm. Most are multiheme cytochromes that carry electrons to terminal reductases of insoluble electron acceptors located at the cell surface, or bona fide terminal reductases of soluble electron acceptors. In this study, the interaction network of several multiheme cytochromes was explored by a combination of NMR spectroscopy, activity assays followed by UV-visible spectroscopy and comparison of surface electrostatic potentials. From these data the small tetraheme cytochrome (STC) emerges as the main periplasmic redox shuttle in SOMR-1. It accepts electrons from CymA and distributes them to a number of terminal oxidoreductases involved in the respiration of various compounds. STC is also involved in the electron transfer pathway to reduce nitrite by interaction with the octaheme tetrathionate reductase (OTR), but not with cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNiR). In the main pathway leading the metal respiration STC pairs with flavocytochrome c (FccA), the other major periplasmic cytochrome, which provides redundancy in this important pathway. The data reveals that the two proteins compete for the binding site at the surface of MtrA, the decaheme cytochrome inserted on the periplasmic side of the MtrCAB–OmcA outer-membrane complex. However, this is not observed for the MtrA homologues. Indeed, neither STC nor FccA interact with MtrD, the best replacement for MtrA, and only STC is able to interact with the decaheme cytochrome DmsE of the outer-membrane complex DmsEFABGH. Overall, these results shown that STC plays a central role in the anaerobic respiratory metabolism of SOMR-1. Nonetheless, the trans-periplasmic electron transfer chain is functionally resilient as a consequence of redundancies that arise from the presence of alternative pathways that bypass/compete with STC.
Perceptions of Scholars in the Field of Economics on Co-Authorship Associations: Evidence from an International Survey

Scholars (n = 580) from 69 countries who had contributed articles in the field of Economics during the year 2015 participated in a survey that gauged their perceptions of various aspects of co-authorship, including its benefits, motivations, working relationships, order of authorship and association preferences. Among the main findings, significant differences emerged in the proportion of co-authored papers based on age, gender and number of years the researchers had spent in their present institution. Female scholars had a greater proportion of co-authored papers than male scholars. Respondents considered improved quality of paper, contribution of mutual expertise, and division of labor as the biggest benefits of and motivation for co-authorship. Contrary to common perceptions that Economics researchers used a predominantly alphabetical order of authorship, our study found that a considerable percentage of respondents (34.5%) had practiced an order of authorship based on the significance of the authors’ contribution to the work. The relative importance of tasks differed significantly according to whether researchers co-authored as mentors or co-authored as colleagues. Lastly, researchers were found to associate, to varying degrees, with other researchers based on socio-academic parameters, such as nationality, ethnicity, gender, professional position and friendship. The study indicates that Economics authors perceive co-authorship as a rewarding endeavor. Nonetheless, the level of contribution and even the choice of association itself as a co-author depends to a great extent on the type of working relationship and socio-academic factors.
Multi-objective Simulated Annealing Approach for Optimal Routing in Time-Driven Sensor Networks

In this work we propose multi-objective simulated annealing as a heuristic technique for optimal routing in time-driven sensor networks. Unlike previous algorithms and methods, this technique is intended to tackle multiple performance-related and other design objectives in a computationally feasible way. Since these objectives are usually in conflict, the general solution is formulated as the so-called Pareto set, which is the set of non-dominated design vectors representing different tradeoffs.
High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in a Patient with Reperfusion Pulmonary Edema following Percutaneous Transluminal Pulmonary Angioplasty

A 62-year-old woman with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome was with recent worsening of dyspnea to New York Heart Association functional status Class III. The patient was diagnosed as having central type chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. By cardiac catheterization, her mean pulmonary artery pressure was 53 mmHg with total pulmonary resistance 2238 dynes·sec·cm−5. After medical therapies with tadalafil, furosemide, ambrisentan, beraprost, and warfarin were initiated, percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty (PTPA) was performed. Following PTPA, life-threating hypoxemia resulting from postoperative reperfusion pulmonary edema developed. High-flow nasal cannula therapy (HFNC) was applied, and 100% oxygen at 50 L/min of flow was required to keep oxygenation. HFNC was continued for 3 days, and the patient was discharged on 8th postoperative day with SpO2 of 97% on 3 L/min of oxygen inhalation. Because of the simplicity of the technique, the lower cost of equipment, and remarkable patient tolerance to the treatment, we speculate that HFNC can take over the post of noninvasive ventilation as first-line therapy for patients with acute respiratory failure.
Atrial dimensions in health and left ventricular disease using cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has superior spatial resolution compared with echocardiography, but assessment of normal measurements has lagged behind its increasing clinical application. We assessed atrial size by CMR in healthy and diseased subjects to determine normal adult ranges. METHODS Twenty normal adults and 20 cardiac patients with hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy were studied. Four and two chamber left and four chamber right atrial areas and left and right atrial depths were measured and compared, and a normal range for these measures was proposed. RESULTS Normal four-chamber left and right atrial systolic areas each averaged 21 cm2. Average depths were 53 and 52 cm, respectively. For both the left and right atrium, a systolic area of < 24 cm2 included the upper 95th percentile of the normal range and (especially for the left atrium) best separated normal from abnormal hearts. For atrial depth, a systolic value of < 58 cm best distinguished normal from abnormal and also included the upper 95th percentile of the normal range. CONCLUSIONS Normal ranges for 1- and 2-dimensional left and right atrial size by CMR are proposed. These values are in general greater than those reported for echocardiography.
A novel design of monolithically integrated phased array antenna employing 4-bit DMTL phase shifter

This paper presents the design of an electronically scanning phased array antenna which is constituted using 130 RF MEMS capacitive switches conflated with a series of linearly placed micro strip rectangular inset feed patch antennas and a corporate feed network. The design and analysis is performed in Ansoft HFSS (version 13.0). As the urge of obtaining high radiation pattern, light weight, low cost and better performance over wide range of frequencies, the micro strip antennas is still in demand. A phased array antenna using high-Q metal-insulator-metal capacitors which are intended as loading elements in the phase shifter have been designed in this context. The simulated result sights the designed 4-bit DMTL phase shifter which provides nearly 22.5°/45°/90°/180° phase shifts for different combination of MEMS switches. The design is optimized for Ku band at 15 GHz and the return loss for the phased array antenna is annexed to be -27.41dB. A highly integrated structure has been designed on silicon substrate having an area of 3.1×1.9cm2 only.
7khh 3/8** /lqnn $qqrwdwruu ±± ,qwhudfwlyhh &rqvwuxfwlrq Rii 'dwdd Iurp 3dudooho&rusrud

One of the most valuable uses of a parallel corpus is for the generation of bilingual concordances. Current interactive tools make correct alignment of parallel texts at the sentence level a fairly quick process and the aligned text can then be searched for a word or word pattern to generate a concordance. Some systems can even be consulted over Internet e. 1 These systems will highlight the given word for you, but are not yet able to locate the word or words that it corresponds to on the other side. Word alignment is a more difficult problem than sentence alignment and the current systems are not able to perform at a level near that for sentence aligners. The best system in the recent ARCADE word alignment contest had a precision of 77% (Véronis and Langlais 1999), while several sentence aligners had a precision of over 95%. These figures were obtained by comparing system performance with a Gold Standard, that is a set of reference data compiled by human annotators. To evaluate the output from a word alignment system, reference data can be constructed before the actual alignment takes place as a kind of SULRUU UHIHUHQFH. Such reference data are sometimes referred to as JROG VWDQGDUGV and are usually a sample of the bitext that has been prelinked manually by one or several annotators and then used to test the alignment output automatically. 3RVWHULRU UHIHUHQFH on the other hand is when the output from a system is given to annotators who, following specific instructions, evaluate the output and annotate the whole output or a sample thereof for correctness and completeness. Using posterior reference does not entail the creation of tailor-made software. It is sufficient that a sample of the system output is evaluated after the alignment. However, as each reference data has to be created every time the system has been run, the evaluation will have to start from scratch each time the system has been used.
Recent Outbursts from the Transient X-Ray Pulsar Cepheus X-4 (GS 2138+56)

We report on X-ray observations of the 66 s period transient X-ray pulsar Cep X-4 (GS 2138+56) with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory and with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). Two outbursts from Cep X-4 were observed with BATSE in 1993 June-July and in 1997 July. Pulse frequencies of ν=15.0941±0.0002 mHz on 1993 June 25 (MJD 49,163) and ν=15.0882±0.0002 mHz on 1997 July 12 (MJD 50,641) were each measured from 2-day spans of BATSE data near each outburst's peak. Cep X-4 showed an average spin down rate of ν̇=(-4.14±0.08)×10−14 Hz s-1 between the 1993 and 1997 outbursts. After BATSE could no longer detect Cep X-4, public observations were performed on 1997 July 18 and July 25 with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on RXTE. A pulse frequency of ν=15.088±0.004 mHz was measured from observations on 1997 July 18 (MJD 50,647). Significant aperiodic noise, with an rms variance of ~18% in the frequency range 0.01-1.0 Hz, was observed on both days. Energy- and intensity-dependent pulse shape variations were also seen in these data. Recently published optical observations associate Cep X-4 with a Be companion star. If all four outbursts observed from Cep X-4 are assumed to occur at the same orbital phase, we find that the orbital period is between 23 and 147.3 days.
Part Based Human Tracking In A Multiple Cues Fusion Framework

This paper presents a real time video surveillance system which is capable of tracking multiple humans simultaneously. To better deal with various challenging issues such as occlusions, sharp motion changes and multi-person confusions, we propose an intelligent fusion framework where multiple cues are combined to seek the optimal objects state and more reliable cues have larger influences on the final decision. Further, part based human tracking provides a second-level information fusion in that parts with weak observability can be compensated by tracking other more visible ones, which demonstrates its effectiveness for highly articulated objects like humans
Weaving Accounts of Literacy through the Official Curriculum: Stitching Policy to Practice

Literacy as a construct remains a contested term in Queensland. What is clear however is that the ways literacy is understood and enacted at various levels of our state education system impacts on what constitutes essential literate capabilities as defined in policy and practice. Further, views of literacy shape what counts as literacy success both in curriculum and state-wide literacy testing programs. In this paper, accounts of what constitutes literacy are reported as they are revealed in the talk of key members of the education community who are actively involved in the development and implementation of literacy and literacy assessment policy at state and national levels. Their accounts weave together complex discourses of policy, practice and outcomes where literacy is positioned as the thread that stitches teacher knowledge, curriculum implementation and assessment to student learning outcomes.
Adaptive &amp; Discrete Real Bat Algorithms for Route Search Optimization of Graph Based Road Network

Bat Algorithm (BA) has recently emerged as an efficient nature inspired meta-heuristics due to its added parameters and searching features. In this paper modified versions of discrete bat algorithm is being proposed for the first time which will suit the discrete domain problems. Here the BA has utilized the famous three variable dependent Weibull Cumulative Distribution Function as Weibull Coded Binary Bat Algorithm (WCBBA), another as Real Bat Algorithm (RBA) and the third as the hybrid of the two, for search process with its modeling according to a road network management system where it is being tried to optimize the travel route and produce a vehicle load balancing structure of the network through optimized path establishment. In bat algorithm apart from the search criteria where the virtual bats move, they also utilize their Echolocation property for further investigation of the search space for prey. This makes the heuristic more probabilistic, dynamic and adaptive and the bats can reach a better solution through continuous analysis and exploration. Here the bat algorithm is modeled to handle a multi-objective optimization model where each bat tries to optimize its own route criteria or rather tries to find its liking prey. The enhanced search criteria of bats helps in reducing the number of bats for the search process, but as the Echolocation process spreads out it increases the complexity of the search process that is parallelism is traded off with complexity. The results show that the algorithm has potential for better results and has been compared with the converging rate of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) & Intelligent Water Drops (IWD) algorithms.
Vision-based motion control of a flexible robot for surgical applications

In recent years, continuum robots have gained significant momentum in terms of technological maturity and clinical application. Their flexibility allows complex treatment sites to be reached with minimal trauma to the patient. However the reliable control of continuum robots is still an ongoing research issue in the robotics community because their deformable structure makes the modeling of these devices difficult. This motivates the use of external sensors or vision to achieve accurate control. In this paper, a motion control framework based on a vision sensor is proposed in order to perform accurate and controlled movements of a flexible robot that is mounted to an anthropomorphic robotic arm. The vision sensor, which relies on a single camera, provides accurate 3D shape reconstruction and spatial localisation of the flexible robot. This information is used to provide feedback for the real-time control of the flexible robot. The vision sensor detects the robot first in an image stream by modeling its appearance using compressed visual features in an online learning framework. This is combined with the kinematics information from the anthropomorphic robotic arm in order to accurately reconstruct and localise the 3D shape of the flexible robot by minimizing an energy function. Detailed analysis of the framework and a validation are presented in order to demonstrate the practical value of the proposed method.