Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meta-Regression Analysis to Indirectly Compare Prophylaxis With Dalteparin or Enoxaparin in Patients at High Risk for Venous Thromboembolic Events

Background: Dalteparin and enoxaparin are recommended as thromboprophylaxis for at least 10 days in patients undergoing abdominal surgery (AS) or hospitalized patients with acute medical illnesses. Even though both agents have proven clinical effectiveness through randomized trials, there have been no head-to-head studies. In this evaluation, indirect statistical techniques were used to compare safety and efficacy between dalteparin and enoxaparin in these 2 high-risk patient populations. Methods: A literature search was conducted from January 1980 to November 2010 for randomized trials evaluating dalteparin or enoxaparin prophylaxis following AS or in hospitalized patients. Binary outcomes for safety and efficacy were statistically pooled using fixed or random effects models in cases of significant heterogeneity. In trials where a common control was used (eg, unfractionated heparin [UH]), indirect statistical comparisons between dalteparin and enoxaparin were performed using meta-regression analysis with active drug as the primary independent variable. Results: The meta-analysis in AS patients showed that enoxaparin or dalteparin had comparable efficacy to UH in terms of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs; relative risk reduction [RR] = 0.87, P = .46). The indirect statistical comparison was unable to find significant differences between enoxaparin and dalteparin in terms of risk for VTE (P = .84), major bleeding (P = .38), heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ([HIT]; P = .084), or death (P = .97). In acutely ill medical patients, treatment with enoxaparin or dalteparin had a 52% VTE risk reduction compared to placebo (RR = 0.48, P < .001). The indirect comparison was also unable to find significant differences between enoxaparin and dalteparin in terms of VTEs (P = .15), major bleeds (P = .39), HIT (P = .48), and death (P = .41). Conclusions: The findings suggest comparable safety and efficacy between dalteparin and enoxaparin in AS and in acutely ill medical patients.
Clinical analysis of ANCA-associated renal vasculitis patients with chronic dialysis.

OBJECTIVE Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) constitute a subgroup of life-threatening diseases which affects the kidney in more than half of the patients at diagnosis. Currently, little has been published focusing on AAV patients with dialysis. We analysed AAV patients with chronic dialysis to provide more detailed information. METHODS From 1997 to 2011, AAV patients complicated by renal involvement resulting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and had undergone haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) for at least 3 months in Shanghai Ruijin hospital were retrospectively analysed in this study. Their data were also compared to those without dialysis at the same time. RESULTS We enrolled 49 AAV patients with chronic dialysis. 41 required dialysis at initial presentation and rest 8 progressed to ESRD during follow-up. 19 HD patients died and 6 PD patients died during follow-up, and infection was the most common cause among the patients. There was no significant difference regarding survival between HD patients and PD patients (p>0.05). However anaemia and level of triglyceride was more significantly improved in HD patients at the end of observation (p<0.05, p<0.05 respectively). Compared with patients without dialysis dependency, dialysis patients presented higher percentage of hypertension (p<0.01), more severe renal involvement and higher BVAS (p<0.01). For the outcome, survival was significantly higher in non-dialysis patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with AAV experienced a high rate of renal failure and dialysis dependence. Our study suggests that haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are two comparable dialysis modalities for AAV patients with ESRD. However, AAV patients with dialysis dependency had worse outcome in comparison with those without dialysis.
Advanced Practice Nursing in the Care of Frail Older Adults

Models of care for frail older adults have increasingly used advanced practice nurses (APNs) to achieve outcomes. Knowledge of the common APN functions and skills that contribute to the success of these models could better inform education and evidence‐based practice and guide further research, but published investigations associated with models of gerontologic care neither describe fully these functions and skills nor link the activities of the APN with specific outcomes. Using examples primarily from the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, this paper identifies, describes, and analyzes common functions and skills of APNs in published gerontologic care models; examines the strength of the evidence for the effect of APNs on outcomes of care; and identifies areas for further study.
Public health as social justice.

Anthony Downs* has observed that our most intractable public problems have two significant characteristics. First, they occur to a relative minority of our population (even though that minority may number millions of people). Second, they result in significant part from arrangements that are providing substantial benefits or advantages to a majority or to a powerful minority of citizens. Thus solving or minimizing these problems requires painful losses, the restructuring of society and the acceptance of new burdens by the most powerful and the most numerous on behalf of the least powerful or the least numerous. As Downs notes, this bleak reality has resulted in recent years in cycles of public attention to such problems as poverty, racial discrimination, poor housing, unemployment or the abandonment of the aged; however, this attention and interest rapidly wane when it becomes clear that solving these problems requires painful costs that the dominant interests in society are unwilling to pay. Our public ethics do not seem to fit our public problems. It is not sufficiently appreciated that these same bleak realities plague attempts to protect the public’s health. Automobile-related injury and death; tobacco, alcohol and other drug damage; the perils of the workplace; environmental
Retinoic acid induces mouse bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ stem cells into male germ‐like cells in a two‐dimensional cell culture system

We have examined the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on differentiation of bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells into male germ cells. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from the femur of 3–4‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice. Magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS) system was used to sort CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells. RT‐PCR was used to follow the expression of pluripotency markers. Sorted CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells were cultured in an undifferentiated condition on a feeder layer of mitomycin C‐inactivated C2C12. The embryoid‐like bodies were differentiated into male germ cells by retinoic acid. To identify the expression of male germ specific markers, differentiated cells were analysed by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence show that bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells express pluripotency markers, Oct4, Nanog, Rex‐1, SOX‐2 and AP. The purified CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ formed structures like embryoid bodies when plated over a feeder layer; these bodies were alkaline phosphatase positive. When cells were induced by RA, bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ were positive for Mvh, Dazl, Piwil2, Dppa3 and Stra8, that known molecular markers of male germ cells. Thus RA can induce differentiation of mouse bone marrow‐derived CD15+, Oct4+ and CXCR4+ cells into male germ cells in vitro. Negative results for the gene expression analysis of female germ cells markers, GDF9 and ZP3, confirmed this conclusion.
Population Structure of Aegialites Beetles (Coleoptera, Salpingidae) on the Coasts of Hokkaido, Northern Japan

We conducted a molecular phylogeographic analysis of Aegialites beetles sampled on the coasts of Hokkaido, northern Japan, using a partial sequence (553 bp) of the mitochondrial ND2 gene. The beetles are flightless and are adapted to the supralittoral zone of rocky shores. In all, 249 individuals from 17 populations were included in the molecular analysis. Haplotypes of the Aegialites beetles studied comprised two distinct lineages with different distributional ranges: one (lineage A) on the coasts of Hokkaido facing the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk, and the other (lineage B) mostly on the Pacific coast and on the Shiretoko Peninsula in northeastern Hokkaido. These haplotype lineages clearly indicate two groups of populations, one comprising lineage A haplotypes (group A) and the other lineage B haplotypes (group B). Only one population, at Taisei facing the Sea of Japan on the Oshima Peninsula, contained a mixture of haplotypes from the two lineages. Genetic divergence among populations was larger in group B than in group A. Despite the unidimensional nature of the beetles' habitat, no correlation was found between the degree of genetic differentiation and geographic distance in either group of populations. Population genetic parameters suggested that the two lineages originated in the Pliocene, and that the populations in group A underwent a rapid increase in population size, whereas those in group B did not. We present a scenario for the allopatric divergence of the two lineages.
Parallel spatial joins using grid files

The most costly spatial operation in spatial databases is spatial join which combines objects from two data sets based on spatial predicates. Even if the execution time of sequential processing of a spatial join has been considerably improved, the response time is far from meeting the requirements of interactive users. In this paper, we have developed two kinds of parallel spatial join algorithms based on grid files: a parallel spatial join using a multi-assignment grid file and a parallel spatial join using a single-assignment grid file. We also present the cost of the two join algorithms in terms of the number of MBR comparisons. The experimental tests on the MIMD parallel machine with shared disks show that the first join algorithm based on disjoint decomposition of a data space outperforms the second based on non-disjoint decomposition.
Contrasted styles of rifting in the eastern Gulf of Aden: A combined wide‐angle, multichannel seismic, and heat flow survey

Continental rifts and passive continental margins show fundamental along‐axis segmentation patterns that have been attributed to one or a number of different processes: extensional fault geometry, variable stretching along strike, preexisting lithospheric compositional and structural heterogeneities, oblique rifting, and the presence or absence of eruptive volcanic centers. The length and width scales of the rift stage fault‐bounded basin systems change during the late evolution of the new plate boundary, and the role of magmatism may increase as rifting progresses to continental rupture. Along obliquely spreading ridges, first‐order mid‐ocean ridge geometries originate during the synrift stage, indicating an intimate relationship between magma production and transform fault spacing and location. The Gulf of Aden rift is a young ocean basin in which the earliest synrift to breakup structures are well exposed onshore and covered by thin sediment layers offshore. This obliquely spreading rift is considered magma‐poor and has several large‐offset transforms that originated during late stage rifting and control the first‐order axial segmentation of the spreading ridge. Widely spaced geophysical transects of passive margins that produce only isolated 2‐D images of crust and uppermost mantle structure are inadequate for evaluation of competing rift evolution models. Using closely spaced new geophysical and geological observations from the Gulf of Aden we show that rift sectors between transforms have a large internal variability over short distances (∼10 km): the ocean‐continent transition (OCT) evolves from a narrow magmatic transition to wider zones where continental mantle is probably exhumed. We suggest that this small‐scale variability may be explained (1) by the distribution of volcanism and (2) by the along‐strike differences in time‐averaged extension rate of the oblique rift system. The volcanism may be associated with (1) the long‐offset Alula‐Fartak Fracture Zone, which may enhance magma production on its younger side, or (2) channeled flow from the Afar plume material along the newly formed OCT and the spreading ridge. Oblique extension and/or hot spot interactions may thereby have a significant control on the styles of rifting and continental breakup and on the evolution of many magma‐poor margins.
Current harmonics of EV chargers and effects of diversity to charging load current distortions in distribution networks

Charging of electric vehicles (EVs) is expected to bring a healthy addition of load for the distribution networks. The residential networks where the EV owners would charge their vehicles after returning from daily activities would especially be subjected to high load increase. As EV charger is a powerful nonlinear load rather large harmonic currents can be present during the EV charging. This means a significant increase also to the current harmonics. Analysis of the quantities of the harmonic currents is necessary for guaranteeing the distribution network operation that would meet the power supply standards. In this paper, the EV charging measurement results are presented and analyzed with focus on the current waveform distortions. Different EVs are analyzed for the current harmonics present during the slow rate home charging. For the modeling of the EV charging loads in the networks, discussion is presented on the harmonic currents summing and cancellation effects. The results presented in the paper can be further used for modeling of the actual harmonic loads of the EVs in the distribution networks.
Multidimensional anatomy of ‘modern type depression’ in Japan: A proposal for a different diagnostic approach to depression beyond the DSM‐5

Japan's prototype of depression was traditionally a melancholic depression based on the premorbid personality known as shūchaku‐kishitsu proposed by Mitsuzo Shimoda in the 1930s. However, since around 2000, a novel form of depression has emerged among Japanese youth. Called ‘modern type depression (MTD)’ by the mass media, the term has quickly gained popularity among the general public, though it has not been regarded as an official medical term. Likewise, lack of consensus guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment, and a dearth of scientific literature on MTD has led to confusion when dealing with it in clinical practice in Japan. In this review article, we summarize and discuss the present situation and issues regarding MTD by focusing on historical, diagnostic, psychosocial, and cultural perspectives. We also draw on international perspectives that begin to suggest that MTD is a phenomenon that may exist not only in Japan but also in many other countries with different sociocultural and historical backgrounds. It is therefore of interest to establish whether MTD is a culture‐specific phenomenon in Japan or a syndrome that can be classified using international diagnostic criteria as contained in the ICD or the DSM. We propose a novel diagnostic approach for depression that addresses MTD in order to combat the current confusion about depression under the present diagnostic systems.
Revisiting the LuGre friction model

In this article we first review properties of the LuGre model, including zero-slip displacement, invariance, and passivity. An extension to include velocity-dependent microdamping is also discussed. The resulting model is then used to analyze stick-slip motion. The analysis shows that stick-slip motion modeled by the LuGre model is a stiff system with different behavior in the stick and slip modes as well as dramatic transitions between these modes. The dependence of limit cycles on parameters is discussed along with the notion of rate dependence.
A 142MOPS/mW integrated programmable array accelerator for smart visual processing

Due to increasing demand of low power computing, and diminishing returns from technology scaling, industry and academia are turning with renewed interest toward energy-efficient programmable accelerators. This paper proposes an Integrated Programmable-Array accelerator (IPA) architecture based on an innovative execution model, targeted to accelerate both data and control-flow parts of deeply embedded vision applications typical of edge-nodes of the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper we demonstrate the performance and energy efficiency of IPA implementing a smart visual trigger application. Experimental results show that the proposed accelerator delivers 507 MOPS and 142 MOPS/mW on the target application, surpassing a low-power processor optimized for DSP applications by 6x in performance and by 10x in energy efficiency. Moreover, it surpasses performance of state of the art CGRAs only capable of implementing data-flow portion of applications by 1.6x, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed architecture and computational model.
Stability of congestion control schemes with delay sensitive traffic

Network congestion control schemes for the Internet aim to achieve efficient sharing of the available bandwidth while at the same time avoiding congestion collapse. Previous work has concentrated on users who are not delay-sensitive in the benefit they see when allocated a specific bandwidth share. In this paper, we consider a congestion control scheme that takes into account delay sensitive traffic and derive stability conditions for arbitrary network sizes that include propagation delay. The nature of the algorithm allows both the development of delay- independent and delay-dependent conditions, something unique to 'dual' algorithms proposed thus far.
The antigenicity of Kiel bone in the human host.

The immunological response of the human host to xenograft bone after combined xenografts of Kiel bone and autologous marrow has been studied by serological methods in twenty-eight patients and by the leucocytic reaction in the peripheral blood in fifteen. The clinical findings in these patients have already been reported. The results suggest that Kiel bone is very weakly antigenic in the human host. These results are discussed in the light of previous experimental findings and a possible explanation put forward. The advantages of osteogenesis by autologous marrow cells are also discussed.
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Poplar Genotypes by RAPD and AP-PCR Analysis

RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) and AP-PCR (arbitrarily primed PCR) were utilized to establish the genetic diversity of 19 Populus genotypes. A set of 40 primers of random sequence was tested, of which 35 exhibited polymorphism. Eighteen primers generated 162 easily detectable bands between 250 and 2500 base pairs in size, sufficient to distinguish between the genotypes. Similarity measures, cluster and multidimensional scaling analysis were performed to evaluate the RAPD and AP-PCR data. Our study demonstrated that in most instances similarity in the RAPD and AP-PCR banding patterns reflected the relationship due to origin. Nineteen primers gave a species or hybrid-specific pattern. One primer generated a specific pattern in P. euramericana . Ten primers produced specific fragments in VIF ( P. alba ), 4 primers in KOR ( P. pyramidalis × P. berolinensis ) and 4 primers in UNA and RAS ( P. trichocarpa × P. deltoides ). The results of this study demonstrated that RAPD or AP-PCR can be used to distinguish between poplar genotypes.
Computational Analysis of Graphic Generation: Effects of surface and structural similarity

In studies of analogical reasoning, the distinction between surface and structural similarity has been repeatedly investigated. However, this distinction has not been investigated in a generative analogy where target representations are not provided in advance. This study uses computational methods to analyze how this distinction is involved in generative analogy. In the experiment, participants were given an example and asked to generate an original graphic by modifying the example. The procedure was repeated twice. The result indicated that the first graphics that the participants generated were similar in both surface and structural features to the presented example. However, the second graphics that they generated varied in the degree of surface and structural similarity. This result may indicate characteristics of generative analogy but isalso compatible with the results of previous studies of analogical reasoning.
Symptoms of sleep disturbance in persons with Alzheimer's disease and normal elderly

We retrospectively analyzed sleep time and sleep disturbance symptoms in 399 healthy, non‐demented elderly (NDE) and 263 persons with a diagnosis of possible (n = 53) or probable (n = 210) Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our primary objective was to determine differences in subjective sleep disturbance between these samples. Secondary objectives were to determine if subjects with time in bed (TIB) ≤6 h per night reported more sleep disturbance and whether sleep complaints were associated with more severe cognitive and/or functional impairment. The prevalence of ‘sleep problems’ (a single item) was significantly lower in NDE (18.3%) than AD (27.6%), and the proportions of each cohort reporting TIB ≤6 h per night were very low (NDE: 6.0%; AD: 3.5%) and not significantly different. Less TIB was correlated with better cognitive function for AD (P < 0.01), and cognition and function were significantly worse for AD subjects with estimates of >6 h of TIB compared with those with estimates of ≤6 h (P < 0.05). Greater sleep disturbance was correlated with greater functional impairment in both cohorts; but only in AD did greater estimated TIB also correlate with greater functional impairment (all P < 0.05). In general, estimated TIB was not associated with mood in either cohort; however, in both cohorts depression was significantly associated with sleep disturbance symptoms and was significantly worse in those who reported having ‘sleep problems’. There was no association between subjective perception of ‘sleep problems’, the number and frequency of sleep disturbance symptoms, and estimated TIB in either group.
A New Scale for the Assessment of Competences in Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy.

BACKGROUND Scales for assessing competence in CBT make an important contribution to research and practice. AIMS To develop a novel scale. METHOD A new structured assessment tool is described, which draws on a widely-used CBT competence framework to identify relevant areas of clinical practice. RESULTS Scale content was clarified through piloting and review by a range of stakeholders. CONCLUSION Pending formal testing of the psychometric properties, the scale is ready for use to assess competences in cognitive and behavioural therapy.
Use of RAPD‐PCR and TTGE for the evaluation of biodiversity of whey cultures for Grana Padano cheese

Aims: This work was carried out in order to evaluate the microbial diversity of whey cultures collected from different Grana Padano cheese plants in Veneto region (north‐east Italy) by means of RAPD‐PCR and Temporal Temperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (TTGE) analysis.