Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structured Convex Optimization under Submodular Constraints

A number of discrete and continuous optimization problems in machine learning are related to convex minimization problems under submodular constraints. In this paper, we deal with a submodular function with a directed graph structure, and we show that a wide range of convex optimization problems under submodular constraints can be solved much more efficiently than general submodular optimization methods by a reduction to a maximum flow problem. Furthermore, we give some applications, including sparse optimization methods, in which the proposed methods are effective. Additionally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method through computational experiments.
Using Actigraphy to Measure Sleep Patterns in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study in Patients Taking Night-Time Prednisone

Objective Poor sleep quality is a commonly reported but under-investigated consequence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Actigraphy is a non-invasive way of measuring sleep, estimated from the frequency and intensity of physical movement at the wrist. We used actigraphy to measure sleep parameters compared with sleep questionnaire data, and assessed the practicality of actigraph use in patients with RA. Methods In a pilot study of actigraphy conducted within an investigation of night-time prednisone treatment and circadian interleukin-6 concentrations in ten patients with active RA, we compared actigraphy with the St Mary’s Hospital Sleep Questionnaire and assessed whether night-time administration of prednisone resulted in increased sleep disturbance. Results The actigraph watch was well tolerated by our patients, producing adequate data for analysis for 128 out of 133 test days (96.2%). The results indicated reasonable concordance between actigraph and sleep questionnaire data in the present sample. Patient satisfaction with sleep (question 11) strongly correlated with sleep efficiency measured by the actigraph (r = 0.71, p = 0.22) and showed a trend for inverse correlation with the fragmentation index (r = −0.60, p = 0.067). Quality of sleep (question 9) correlated non-significantly with the fragmentation index (r = −0.59, p = 0.072). We were unable to identify any significant correlations between clinical measures of disease and sleep parameters in this sample. There were no apparent detrimental consequences of the night-time dose of prednisone on the measures of sleep quality and quantity. Conclusion In spite of the physical disability imposed by RA, the actigraph was well tolerated and gave a useful measure of sleep in patients with active disease. It has the potential for use in larger controlled trials.
In defense of the personal/impersonal distinction in moral psychology research: Cross-cultural validation of the dual process model of moral judgment

The dual process model of moral judgment (DPM; Greene et al., 2004) argues that such judgments are influenced by both emotion-laden intuition and controlled reasoning. These influences are associated with distinct neural circuitries and different response tendencies. After reanalyzing data from an earlier study, McGuire et al. (2009) questioned the level of support for the dual process model and asserted that the distinction between emotion evoking moral dilemmas (personal dilemmas) and those that do not trigger such intuitions (impersonal dilemmas) is spurious. Using similar reanalysis methods on data reported by Moore, Clark, & Kane (2008), we show that the personal/impersonal distinction is reliable. Furthermore, new data show that this distinction is fundamental to moral judgment across widely different cultures (U.S. and China) and supports claims made by the DPM.
Dynamic Region Growing

A novel segmentation algorithm based on the region growing paradigm is presented. Unlike previous segmentation methods, this novel scheme requires neither hand-tuning of parameters nor knowledge about the scene. Instead, the parameter which controls the segmentation is dynamically derived from the data for each region, based on a local quality measure of the region's contour. The algorithm assigns a stability value to each extracted region that reeects the robust-ness of that region. Results are shown for some gray level aerial images.
Power of Scandal: Semiotic and Pragmatic in Mass Media

Preface PART 1: A Theoretical Approach to the Nature of Media Scandal * How Scandal Research tends to treat the Achievement of Media Scandals * Scandal as Logic: Ideal and Sanction * Scandal as industrial Product and institutional Practice * Media scandals and what they are not * Video-truths * Comprehending Media Scandals from Media * Publicity Narrative as Precondition of Scandals PART 2: What is Publicity, the Public Sphere? * Publicity as methodological Construct * Publicity as Simulacrum * Publicity and Meaning as Subsistence * Semiotic as Theory of formal and concrete Meaning PART 3: Semiotic of Publicity * Publicity as Teleology * Legitimacy * Public Opinion as historical-cultural role relation * Public Opinion as Theatre * Public Opinion operates by constructing the Role of Enunciation Instance PART 4: Publicity in Media Theory * Media functional or semiotic? * Is there a Need for a separate Semiotic Media Theory? * Signs of Society * Functions of the Three Correlates in the Media Sign * Technological Determination or Sign Process: the case of Televangelism * Godcasting: Meaning Apparatuses of Religious Self-display PART 5: From Jubilation to Scandal * Religious Meaning outside of Public Opinion * Television Studies and Aesthetic Form * Media Construction of Religious Space and Time * The 'Call Forward' * Witnessing * PrayTV yields to PreyTV: Acts of Televangelist Authority * Primordial Scandal Religion PART 6: Judgement: Bringing into a Scandal-Position * Scandal Technique * Investigative Journalism and Objectivity * Metatexts: Simplifying Sanctions in Public Opinion Texts * Metatext I: The Permission to Act * Metatext II: The Scale of Self-Realisation * Deduction of Classes of Scandal * Scandal of Destination * Scandal of Action PART 7: The Course of the Scandal Pro-Gramme * Media Scandal Methods * Event: How Destination in the Shanley story created the Scandal * The role structure of the Shanley-story * Two discursive Scandal Constructions * Reality: News Practice between Reality Determination and satirical alienation PART 8: Effect and Reality of Scandal * Scandal as Objectivity Effect * Objective Scandal Effects * Scandal as Effect * Critique of Subjectivity Approaches and Functionalism * Scandal Effect as Semiotic * Institutions as pragmatic Predetermination of Purpose * De-Legitimization of an Institution as Purpose of Media Scandals Conclusion Index Bibliography
Evaluation of Impedance-Based Label-Free Technology as a Tool for Pharmacology and Toxicology Investigations

The use of label-free technologies based on electrical impedance is becoming more and more popular in drug discovery. Indeed, such a methodology allows the continuous monitoring of diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, cytotoxicity and receptor-mediated signaling. The objective of the present study was to further assess the usefulness of the real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) and, in particular, the xCELLigence platform, in the context of early drug development for pharmacology and toxicology investigations. In the present manuscript, four cellular models were exposed to 50 compounds to compare the cell index generated by RTCA and cell viability measured with a traditional viability assay. The data revealed an acceptable correlation (ca. 80%) for both cell lines (i.e., HepG2 and HepaRG), but a lack of correlation (ca. 55%) for the primary human and rat hepatocytes. In addition, specific RTCA profiles (signatures) were generated when HepG2 and HepaRG cells were exposed to calcium modulators, antimitotics, DNA damaging and nuclear receptor agents, with a percentage of prediction close to 80% for both cellular models. In a subsequent experiment, HepG2 cells were exposed to 81 proprietary UCB compounds known to be genotoxic or not. Based on the DNA damaging signatures, the RTCA technology allowed the detection of ca. 50% of the genotoxic compounds (n = 29) and nearly 100% of the non-genotoxic compounds (n = 52). Overall, despite some limitations, the xCELLigence platform is a powerful and reliable tool that can be used in drug discovery for toxicity and pharmacology studies.
A comparative analysis of Global North and Global South economies.

In this paper the argument is that there are broadly two economic worlds that cut across the globe, these are the Global North and the Global South. That while, the Global North represent the economically developed societies of Europe, North America, Australia, Israel, South Africa, amongst others, the Global South represents the economically backward countries of Africa, India, China, Brazil, Mexico amongst others. While Global North countries are wealthy, technologically advanced, politically stable and aging as their societies tend towards zero population growth the opposite is the case with Global South countries. While Global South countries are agrarian based, dependent economically and politically on the Global North, the Global North has continued to dominate and direct the global south in international trade and politics.
Precious Metals in Automotive Technology: An Unsolvable Depletion Problem?

Since the second half of the 20th century, various devices have been developed in order to reduce the emissions of harmful substances at the exhaust pipe of combustion engines. In the automotive field, the most diffuse and best known device of this kind is the “three way” catalytic converter for engines using the Otto cycle designed to abate the emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburnt hydrocarbons. These catalytic converters can function only by means of precious metals (mainly platinum, rhodium and palladium) which exist in a limited supply in economically exploitable ores. The recent increase in prices of all mineral commodities is already making these converters significantly expensive and it is not impossible that the progressive depletion of precious metals will make them too expensive for the market of private cars. The present paper examines how this potential scarcity could affect the technology of road transportation worldwide. We argue that the supply of precious metals for automotive converters is not at risk in the short term, but that in the future it will not be possible to continue using this technology as a result of increasing prices generated by progressive depletion. Mitigation methods such as reducing the amounts of precious metals in catalysts, or recycling them can help but cannot be considered as a definitive solution. We argue that precious metal scarcity is a critical factor that may determine the future development of road transportation in the world. As the problem is basically unsolvable in the long run, we must explore new technologies for road transportation and we conclude that it is likely that the clean engine of the future will be electric and powered by batteries.
Rational Choice, Collective Decision And Social Welfare (位相幾何学と経済学)

Preface 1. Prologue 2. Rational choice and revealed preference 3. Arrovian impossibility theorems 4. Simple majority rule and extensions 5. The fairness-as-no-envy approach in social choice theory 6. Impartiality and extended sympathy 7. Individual rights and liberatarian claims 8. Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index.
Bidirectional American Sign Language to English Translation

We outline a bidirectional translation system that converts sentences from American Sign Language (ASL) to English, and vice versa. To perform machine translation between ASL and English, we utilize a generative approach. Specifically, we employ an adjustment to the IBM word-alignment model 1 (IBM WAM1), where we define language models for English and ASL, as well as a translation model, and attempt to generate a translation that maximizes the posterior distribution defined by these models. Then, using these models, we are able to quantify the concepts of fluency and faithfulness of a translation between languages.
GONG p-Mode Frequency Changes with Solar Activity

We present a correlation analysis of GONG p-mode frequencies with nine solar activity indices for the period from 1995 August to 1997 August. This study includes spherical harmonic degrees in the range 2-150 and the frequency range of 1500-3500 μHz. Using three statistical tests, the measured mean frequency shifts show strong to good correlation with activity indices. A decrease of 0.06 μHz in frequency during the descending phase of solar cycle 22 and an increase of 0.04 μHz in the ascending phase of solar cycle 23 are observed. These results provide the first evidence for change in p-mode frequencies around the declining phase of cycle 22 and the beginning of new cycle 23. This analysis further confirms that the temporal behavior of the solar frequency shifts closely follow the phase of the solar activity cycle.
Improving TCP performance in data center networks with Adaptive Complementary Coding

TCP suffers from low throughput and high latency because of its expensive timeout based loss recovery mechanism in data center networks (DCNs). In this paper, we propose TCP with Adaptive Complementary Coding (TCP-ACC) to effectively address these problems. Without revising existing TCP congestion control, we first design a light-weight complementary coding scheme to avoid TCP timeout which will result in higher throughput and lower latency. In our scheme, the redundancy setting is adaptive to the real-time packet loss rate. Then we introduce Lyapunov optimization framework to find the optimal number of redundant coding packets for TCP-ACC, and we also prove that TCP-ACC can reduce the flow timeout probability close to that of the optimal complementary coding solution. Extensive NS2 simulations show that, compared with other three solutions for TCP's problems in DCNs, TCP-ACC can reduce the flow completion time by 45% and improve the flow throughput by 40% on average.
Toward a route detection method base on detail call records

In the last years, smartphones have become the major device for communication enabling Telco operators to capture subscribers' whereabouts. This location information allows computing geostatistics to study transportation systems, traffic jams, origin-destination matrix, etc. The first task to accomplish the aforementioned objectives is to detect routes that people use to go from A to B. Thus, in the present effort, we propose a method to extract automatically routes from CDR data relying on clustering and community detection algorithms.
Multi-vision information fusion of a laser scanning system

3D environment reconstruction based on the data of laser radar, which is an important subject in the research and applications of optical 3D sensing, is very important for promotion of optical 3D sensing. This paper has presented an 3D laser scanning system based on 2D laser radar and embedded control unit and demonstrated the 3D model reconstruction from collected range image. The Iterative Closet Point (ICP) algorithm has been used for the registration of 3D geometric data from different viewpoints. The ICP algorithm adopts quaternion expression for computing the rotation matrix R and translation vector t to realize registration. The paper has summed up the choice of the closet point and presented a new solution for the speeding up of the ICP algorithm by introducing five constraint conditions of registration point pair. After the false pair of points being canceled, the number of point pair decreases. The run time is shorten as well.
Consequences of ergodic frame flow for rank rigidity in negative curvature

This paper presents a rank rigidity result for negatively curved spaces. Let $M$ be a compact manifold with negative sectional curvature and suppose that along every geodesic in $M$ there is a parallel vector field making curvature $-a^2$ with the geodesic direction. We prove that $M$ has constant curvature equal to $-a^2$ if $M$ is odd dimensional, or if $M$ is even dimensional and has sectional curvature pinched as follows: $-\Lambda^2 . 93$. When $a$ is extremal, i.e. $-a^2$ is the curvature minimum or maximum for the manifold, this result is analogous to rank rigidity results in various other curvature settings where higher rank implies that the space is locally symmetric. In particular, this result is the first positive result for lower rank (i.e. when $-a^2$ is minimal), and in the upper rank case gives a shorter proof of the hyperbolic rank rigidity theorem of Hamenst\"{a}dt, subject to the pinching condition in even dimension. We also present a rigidity result using only an assumption on maximal Lyapunov exponents in direct analogy with work done by Connell. Our proof of the main theorem uses the ergodic theory of the frame flow developed by Brin and others - in particular the transitivity group associated to this flow.
The Hamilton—Waterloo problem: The case of triangle‐factors and one Hamilton cycle

The Hamilton—Waterloo problem is to determine the existence of a 2‐factorization of K2n+1 in which r of the 2‐factors are isomorphic to a given 2‐factor R and s of the 2‐factors are isomorphic to a given 2‐factor S, with r + s=n. In this article we consider the case when R is a triangle‐factor, S is a Hamilton cycle and s = 1. We solve the problem completely except for 14 possible exceptions. This solves a major open case from the 2004 article of Horak et al. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 17: 160–176, 2009
Capital Adequacy Rules as Instruments for the Regulation of Banks

This supplement to the Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics presents material from a conference on Capital Adequacy Rules as Instruments for the Regulation of Banks, which took place in Basle on July 5, 1996. As such it complements the December 1995 supplement, which presented papers from a conference on the same subject a year earlier. Both conferences were organized by NlKLAUS BLATTNER, of the University of Basle, and myself. Their purpose was partly to present results from an ongoing joint research project and partly to stimulate some interaction of discussion of banking regulation between academics, bankers, and regulators (in alphabetical order). The area of banking regulation has not always been marked by intense interaction between academics and practitioners. Indeed, from the times of Regulation Q to the enactment of the 1988 Basle Accord on Capital Adequacy Requirements for Credit Risks, it has been an area where people were sure of their views, with little need to listen to each other. At the same time, not much academic research was actually done in the area; this has only changed with the various banking crises of the eighties and early nineties and the tightening of capital adequacy regulation of banks following the Basle Accord. However the certainties of yesteryear are disappearing. This is most obvious in the development of proposals to extend the 1988 Basle Accord to market risks. When the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision presented the first such proposal in April 1993, it seemed that the regulatory train was moving full speed ahead on a track built by traditional practice, with little analysis of the likely economic effects of the proposed measures. However the industry's reactions then made it clear that conceptually and procedurally this proposal was lagging behind some of the approaches to risk measurement and risk management that had been developed by financial institutions themselves. Because of these reactions, the Basle Committee's revised proposal of April 1995 allowed for the possibility that capital adequacy requirements for banks bearing market risks be based on the banks' own risk models rather than any exogenously set, rigid regulatory standard. This acknowledged that in a world of rapidly changing risk meas-
Do Firm and Country – Specific Factors Matter in Japanese FDI and Trade Links ?

Our study investigates the firmand country-specific factors that affect the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade. Specifically, we address the questions “do countryand firmspecific characteristics matter in Japanese FDI trade links? ” and “do the counts and values of FDI that are often alternatively used in the empirical work convey the same message about this link? ” Empirically, our work integrates the models employed by Head and Ries (1999) with Campa (1993) to specifically address country and firm specific heterogeneities in the Japanese FDI-trade link. The panel data nature of this study also allows us to focus on individual host country characteristics as potential FDI and trade determinants. We find that Japanese manufacturing and non-manufacturing outward FDI flows during 19891999 were trade creating. However, we were not able to reject country and time specific fixed effects. There was no strong correlation between the counts of new Japanese manufacturing FDI and the value of FDI committed by these firms. Yet the FDI-trade complementarity was observed whether the count of firms or the value of FDI committed by these firms is used as a dependent variable. The economic potential of a host country, factor costs, openness to trade, and the strength and volatility of a host country’s currency against Japanese Yen were important determinants of FDI inflow. JEL Codes: F14, F23
Fairness and interactive performance of O(1) and CFS Linux kernel schedulers

The design of an Operating System (OS) scheduler is meant to allocate its resources appropriately to all applications. In this paper, we present the scheduling techniques used by two Linux schedulers: O(1) and Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS). CFS is the Linux kernel scheduler that replaces the O(1) scheduler in the 2.6. 23 kernel. The design goals of CFS are to provide fair CPU resource allocation among executing tasks without sacrificing interactive performance. The ability to achieve good fairness in distributing CPU resource among tasks is important to prevent starvation. However, these design goals have never been scientifically evaluated despite the fact that there are many conventional operating system benchmarks that are geared towards measuring systems performance in terms of throughput. We therefore scientifically evaluate the design goals of CFS by empirical evaluation. We measure the fairness and interactivity performance by using fairness and interactivity benchmarks. To provide a meaningful representation of results, comparisons of O(1) and CFS kernel schedulers of the open source Linux OS are used. Our experience indicates the CFS does achieve its design goals.
A Single Sign-On Scheme for Cross Domain Web Applications Using Identity-Based Cryptography

In this paper, we proposed a novel scheme to satisfy the requirement of cross domain application single sign on. Identity based encryption and signature have been applied in this protocol, which supports the progress of single sign on between heterogeneous target systems. A ticket can roam from a single sign on domain to the other. The communication between application servers, in this scheme, we use identity based encryption to protect the data safety, the data transfer between user's browser and servers we choose session key to prevent attacking.