Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Workplace Deviance: Strategies for Modifying Employee Behavior

More than ever, today's health care employees must perform their jobs as efficiently and effectively as possible. Job performance must integrate both technical and necessary soft skills. Workplace deviant behaviors are counterproductive to good job performance. Various deviant behaviors are examined. Areas and strategies of managerial intervention are reviewed which will enable the prevention or modification of undesired employee behaviors.
Oscillatory Beta Power Correlates With Akinesia‐Rigidity in the Parkinsonian Subthalamic Nucleus

In Parkinson’s disease (PD), dopaminergic treatment-driven changes in akinesia and rigidity (AR), but not tremor, are associated with changes in local field potential (LFP) beta (1330 Hz) power spectral density (PSD). The PSD of these oscillations has recently successfully been applied as a biomarker for adaptive deep brain stimulation. However, it remains unclear whether beta PSD also correlates with OFFdopaminergic AR. In their recent study Neumann and colleagues report a strong correlation between OFF total Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III score and the LFP PSD over a broad 8 to 35 Hz band and more specifically in a narrow 10 to 14 Hz range. The following 3 questions arise: (1) What was the rational for using the total UPDRS scores (including tremor and bilaterality)? (2) Are the correlations in this narrow 10 to 14 Hz band reproducible? (3) Does it relate to a particular symptom complex? For this reason, we replicated the study of Neumann and colleagues but also investigated the contributions of AR, tremor, and axial symptoms. We investigated 39 PD patients (35 male, mean age 58.6 6 7.2 y.o., average disease duration 11.3 6 5.2 years, mean OFF UPDRS 42.3 6 12.8) with bilaterally implanted STN-DBS contacts. OFF UPDRS scores were obtained from the preoperative levodopa challenge. From these total scores, (contralateral) AR (items 22-26), tremor (items 20-21), and axial symptom (items 27-31) scores were obtained. LFPs were analyzed as described by Neumann and colleagues. This included the rejection of epochs with artefacts and normalization to 5 to 45 Hz and 55 to 95 Hz. However, to assess lateralized items we used the PSD LFP average per STN and not across both STNs. We were not able to reproduce the highly significant correlation between the 8 to 35 Hz PSD and total UPDRS score (rho 5 0.28, P 5 .07), nor between this and LFP PSD over 10 to 14 Hz (rho 5 0.23, P 5 .14). We only found an uncorrected significant correlation between total UPDRS and the 19 Hz PSD bin and between the 17 to 22 Hz PSD bins for AR. No significant correlation was found for either tremor or axial symptoms. However, when correlating maximum LFP beta peak PSD over 13 to 30 Hz in each STN (regardless of precise frequency), a highly significant correlation (rho 5 0.40, P< .0005) with contralateral AR UPDRS items was present (Fig. 1). Given the undifferentiated motor profile of the population enrolled in the study of Neumann and colleagues, it is difficult to pinpoint the reason why we were not able to replicate their precise findings. However, it is possible that it is the degree of neural synchronization (as indexed by PSD) rather than any specific frequency over the 8 to 35 Hz band that is most important. Moreover, our data suggest that PSD correlations may be strongest with AR. Other factors that might underlie the differences are the lower UPDRS score in the Neumann and colleagues study and the distribution of recording sites within the STN.
The Relationships of Adaptive Selling Behaviors and Customer-Oriented Selling With Need for Cognition in the Personal Selling Context.

Overview of the Selling Dyad . 7 Personal Selling . 7 Selling Strategies. 10 Adaptive Selling . 13 Customer-Oriented Selling.17 Need for Cognition. 18 Overview of Proposed Methodology . 22 Contributions of the R e s e a r c h . 25 Plan of the Dissertation. 26 2. LITERATURE REVIEW . 29 Personal Selling Research . 29 Importance of Selling Strategies . 29 The Image of Personal Selling. 29 Selling Strategies . 30 S u m m a r y . 33 Development of Constructs . 37 Research on Effective Sales Behaviors . 37 Adaptive Selling Research . 40 Importance of the Adaptive Capability. 40 Definition of Adaptive Selling . 42 Benefits and Costs Associated with Adaptive Selling . 46 Measurement and Scale Development. 49 v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Chapter Page S p e c i f i c i t y . 52 S u m m a r y . 52 Customer-Oriented Selling Research . 53 Focus on the Marketing Concept . 54 Definition of Customer-Oriented S e l l i n g . 55 Benefits and Costs Associated with Customer-Oriented Selling . 56 Measurement and Scale Development. 59 S p e c i f i c i t y . 60 Distinctions between Adaptive and Customer-Oriented Selling . 61 Need for Cognition Research . 62 Need for Cognition and "Drive" or Instinct.64 High Need for Cognition Distinctions . 65 S p e c i f i c i t y . 66 Measurement and Scale Development. 69 S u m m a r y . 70 Attitudes Research . 71 Importance of Attitudes in Marketing. 71 Behavioral Intentions and Recommendations . 74 Hypothesized Relationships . 76 3. METHODOLOGY . 78 Design of the S t u d y . 79 S e t t i n g . 79 S a m p l e . 80 Data Collection Procedure . 81 Measures and Operationalizations . 81 Adaptive Selling . 83 Customer-Oriented Selling . 83 Attitude toward the Product . 85 Attitude toward the Salesperson . 85 Purchase Intentions. 86 Purchase Recommendations . 86 Need for C o g n i t i o n . 87
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) System

In the running world, there is growing demand for the software systems to recognize characters in computer system when information is scanned through paper documents as we know that we have number of newspapers and books which are in printed format related to different subjects. These days there is a huge demand in "storing the information available in these paper documents in to a computer storage disk and then later reusing this information by searching process". One simple way to store information in these paper documents in to computer system is to first scan the documents and then store them as IMAGES. But to reuse this information it is very difficult to read the individual contents and searching the contents form these documents line-by-line and word-by-word. The reason for this difficulty is the font characteristics of the characters in paper documents are different to font of the characters in computer system. As a result, computer is unable to recognize the characters while reading them. This concept of storing the contents of paper documents in computer storage place and then reading and searching the content is called DOCUMENT PROCESSING. Sometimes in this document processing we need to process the information that is related to languages other than the English in the world. For this document processing we need a software system called CHARCATER RECOGNITION SYSTEM. This process is also called DOCUMENT IMAGE ANALYSIS (DIA).
Systemic risk analysis of global banking systems: Basel III regulatory constraint

This article is particularly concentrated on measuring systemic risk based on network topology of bilateral exposures and obligations specifically for the global banking systems in 2013. Financial network models based on financial exposures are models that aim to depict causal chains of exposures and obligations of counterparties for financial institutions. The Basel Committee on Bank Supervision (BCBS) introduces Basel III regulatory constraint for stabilizing the banking institutions due to the shortcomings of Basel II and the failure of banking institutions during the recent financial crisis in 2007. We analyse the exposure of bank risk under Basel III regulatory constraints. Under Basel III, banks have to meet the capital requirements effective in 2013 (4.5% for the common equity ratio, 6% for the Tier 1 capital ratio). Our analysis is the bilateral claims of the ultimate risk of the banking systems of the 13 reporting countries that consist of Austria, Netherland, Greece, Ireland, Portugal, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The contagion analysis is also conducted to predict the domino effect of the reporting countries to the other counterparty countries. The results show that only Switzerland’s banking system collapsed after a shock from a core counterparty such as the United States under the new Basel III regulatory constraint in the rate of loss given default of 55%. JEL Classification: C63, G21
The Pharmacokinetics and Acceptability of Lopinavir/Ritonavir Minitab Sprinkles, Tablets, and Syrups in African HIV-Infected Children

Background:Guidelines recommend lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) as first- and second-line therapy for young and older HIV-infected children, respectively. Available formulations have limitations making their widespread use complex. Methods:An open-label comparative bioavailability (randomized crossover) study compared a novel twice-daily minitab sprinkle formulation (40 mg/10 mg, Cipla Pharmaceuticals) versus innovator syrup in HIV-infected Ugandan infants aged 3 to <12 months (cohort A) and children aged 1–4 years (cohort B) and versus Cipla tablets (100/25 mg) in children aged 4 to <13 years (cohort C). Twelve-hour intensive pharmacokinetic sampling after observed LPV/r intake (plus 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) following World Health Organization 2010 dosing with food was performed 4 weeks after enrollment. Children then switched formulation; sampling was repeated at week 8. Acceptability data were also collected. Results:Seventy-seven infants/children were included in cohort A (n = 19)/B (n = 26)/C (n = 32). Among 132 evaluable pharmacokinetic profiles, there were 13/21/25 within-child comparisons in cohort A/B/C. For minitabs versus syrup, geometric mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] AUC0–12h was 88.6 (66.7–117.6) versus 77.6 (49.5–121.5) h·mg/L in cohort A [geometric mean ratio (GMR) (90% CI) = 1.14 (0.71 to 1.85)] and 138.7 (118.2 to 162.6) versus 109.1 (93.7 to 127.1) h·mg/L in cohort B [GMR (90% CI) = 1.27 (1.10 to 1.46)]. For minitabs versus tablets, geometric mean (95% CI) AUC0–12h was 83.1 (66.7 to 103.5) versus 115.6 (103.0 to 129.7) h·mg/L; GMR (90% CI) = 0.72 (0.60 to 0.86). Subtherapeutic levels (<1.0 mg/L) occurred in 0 (0%)/2 (15%) minitabs/syrup in infants (P = 0.48), no children aged 1–4 years and 4 (16%)/1 (4%) minitabs/tablets (P = 0.35). About 13/17 (76%) and 19/26 (73%) caregivers of infants and children aged 1–4 years, respectively, chose to continue minitabs after week 8, mainly for convenience; only 7/29 (24%) older children (five <6 years) remained on minitabs. Conclusions:LPV/r exposure from minitabs was comparable with syrup, but lower than tablets, with no significant differences in subtherapeutic concentrations. Minitabs were more acceptable than syrups for younger children, but older children preferred tablets.
Gene Identification and Substrate Regulation Provide Insights into Sulfur Accumulation during Bioleaching with the Psychrotolerant Acidophile Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans

ABSTRACT The psychrotolerant acidophile Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans has been identified from cold environments and has been shown to use ferrous iron and inorganic sulfur compounds as its energy sources. A bioinformatic evaluation presented in this study suggested that Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans utilized a ferrous iron oxidation pathway similar to that of the related species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. However, the inorganic sulfur oxidation pathway was less clear, since the Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans genome contained genes from both Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus caldus encoding enzymes whose assigned functions are redundant. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the petA1 and petB1 genes (implicated in ferrous iron oxidation) were downregulated upon growth on the inorganic sulfur compound tetrathionate but were on average 10.5-fold upregulated in the presence of ferrous iron. In contrast, expression of cyoB1 (involved in inorganic sulfur compound oxidation) was decreased 6.6-fold upon growth on ferrous iron alone. Competition assays between ferrous iron and tetrathionate with Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans SS3 precultured on chalcopyrite mineral showed a preference for ferrous iron oxidation over tetrathionate oxidation. Also, pure and mixed cultures of psychrotolerant acidophiles were utilized for the bioleaching of metal sulfide minerals in stirred tank reactors at 5 and 25°C in order to investigate the fate of ferrous iron and inorganic sulfur compounds. Solid sulfur accumulated in bioleaching cultures growing on a chalcopyrite concentrate. Sulfur accumulation halted mineral solubilization, but sulfur was oxidized after metal release had ceased. The data indicated that ferrous iron was preferentially oxidized during growth on chalcopyrite, a finding with important implications for biomining in cold environments.
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula

Images of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) on computed tomography (CT) are usually normal when no hemorrhages have occurred from the DAVF. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose DAVF by plain CT scans which are usually performed in an initial examination. We present a rare case with DAVF in the transverse-sigmoid sinus that could be diagnosed by reversible speckled high-density spots on a plain CT scan. A 46-year-old man had suffered from depression and had taken some antidepressants for 4 years. He developed a Gerstmann’s syndrome and came to our hospital. On a plain CT scan obtained on admission, multiple high-density spots were demonstrated scattered in the left temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes. Subsequently, a digital subtraction angiography was performed. A DAVF in the left transverse-sigmoid sinus was apparent on the angiogram. The DAVF was successfully treated with endovascular surgery. The speckled high density decreased on the postoperative plain CT scan. Multiple highdensity abnormalities in the brain shown on a plain CT scan are a rare but important finding for diagnosis of DAVF. Further examinations such as magnetic resonance angiography or digital subtraction angiography should be performed in case with these changes to access the possibility of DAVF.
Applying Generalized Pareto Distribution to the Risk Management of Commerce Fire Insurance

This paper focus on modeling and estimating tail parameters of commercial fire loss severity. Using extreme value theory, we centralized on the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) and compare with standard parametric modeling based on Lognormal, Exponential, Gamma and Weibull distributions. In empirical study, we determine the thresholds of GPD through mean excess plot and Hill plot. Kolmogorv-Smirnov and LR goodness-of-fit test are conducted to assess how good the fit is. VaR and expected shortfall are also calculated. We also take into account bootstrap method to estimate the confidence interval of parameters. Empirical results show that the GPD method is a theoretically well supported technique for fitting a parametric distribution to the tail of an unknown underlying distribution. It can capture the tail behavior of commercial fire insurance loss very well.
A study on image detection techniques

-This paper presents the detailed study of image detection techniques such as SIFT, SURF, FAST, BRISK, HARRIS, & Min.Eigen. Image detection techniques are widely used in today’s world for various applications such as monitoring and security purpose. These techniques allow image detection in the simple, cluttered, rotated, and scaled by retaining some useful or most important features. Feature extraction is used to find the correspondence between two images of same scene. In this way, the technique can detect the image properly even in case of rotation, scaling, translation & illumination changes. This paper will help new researchers to understand image detection techniques and propose new image detection technique.
The Effects of Robot-Enhanced Psychotherapy: A Meta-Analysis

Through this meta-analysis we aimed to provide an estimation of the overall effect of robot-enhanced therapy on psychological outcome for different populations, to provide average effect sizes on different outcomes, such as cognitive, behavioral and subjective, and to test possible moderators of effect size. From a total of 861 considered studies for this meta-analysis, only 12 were included because of the lack of studies that have reported quantitative data in this area and because of their primary focus on describing the process of robotic development rather than measuring psychological outcomes. We calculated Cohen's d effect sizes for every outcome measure for which sufficient data were reported. The results show that robot-enhanced therapy yielded a medium effect size overall and, specifically on the behavioral level, indicating that 69% of patients in the control groups did worse than the average number of participants in the intervention group. More studies are needed with regard to specific outcomes to prove the efficacy of robot-enhanced therapy, but the overall results clearly support the use of robot-enhanced therapy for different populations.
A cryptic invasion within an invasion and widespread introgression in the European water frog complex: consequences of uncontrolled commercial trade and weak international legislation

In Western Europe, many pond owners introduce amphibians for ornamental purposes. Although indigenous amphibians are legally protected in most European countries, retailers are circumventing national and international legislation by selling exotic nonprotected sibling species. We investigated to what extent non‐native species of the European water frog complex (genus Pelophylax) have become established in Belgium, using morphological, mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers. A survey of 87 sampling sites showed the presence of non‐native water frogs at 47 locations, mostly Marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus). Surprisingly, at least 19% of all these locations also harboured individuals with mitochondrial haplotypes characteristic of Anatolian water frogs (Pelophylax cf. bedriagae). Nuclear genotyping indicated widespread hybridization and introgression between P. ridibundus and P. cf. bedriagae. In addition, water frogs of Turkish origin obtained through a licensed retailer, also contained P. ridibundus and P. cf. bedriagae, with identical haplotypes to the wild Belgian populations. Although P. ridibundus might have invaded Belgium by natural range expansion from neighbouring countries, our results suggest that its invasion was at least partly enhanced by commercial trade, with origins as far as the Middle East. Also the invasion and rapid spread of Anatolian lineages, masked by their high morphological similarity to P. ridibundus, is likely the result of unregulated commercial trade. We expect that Anatolian frogs will further invade the exotic as well as the native range of P. ridibundus and other Pelophylax species elsewhere in Western and Central Europe, with risks of large‐scale hybridization and introgression.
Fault Tolerant Control of Hexacopter for Actuator Faults using Time Delay Control Method

A novel attitude tacking control method using Time Delay Control (TDC) scheme is developed to provide robust controllability of a rigid hexacopter in case of single or multiple rotor faults. When the TDC scheme is developed, the rotor faults such as the abrupt and/or incipient rotor faults are considered as model uncertainties. The kinematics, modeling of rigid dynamics of hexacopter, and design of stability and controllability augmentation system (SCAS) are addressed rigorously in this paper. In order to compare the developed control scheme to a conventional control method, a nonlinear numerical simulation has been performed and the attitude tracking performance has been compared between the two methods considering the single and multiple rotor faults cases. The developed control scheme shows superior stability and robust controllability of a hexacopter that is subjected to one or multiple rotor faults and external disturbance, i.e., wind shear, gust, and turbulence.
Toward closer cohesion of international tax statistics: The ICTD/UNU-WIDER GRD 2017

The Government Revenue Dataset (GRD) was launched in September 2014 and, in the few years since, has gone on to be recognized as the go-to source for researchers and policymakers seeking cross-country data on government revenues and taxes. However, as with any such project, successive rounds of updates have led to new challenges. This paper describes in depth some of the changes compared to older versions of the GRD, which are the result of learning during the update process, user feedback and changes to the underlying source data. It is not the intention to repeat the original motivations behind the dataset; these are covered in depth in Prichard et al. (2014). Particular attention is paid to the nuances of (i) how social security contributions are recorded in the OECD Revenue Statistics and IMF’s Government Finance Statistics (GFS) (ii) the treatment of VAT or excises collected on imports and the classification of some property taxes.
Primary afferent neurons containing calcitonin gene‐related peptide but not substance P in forepaw skin, dorsal root ganglia, and spinal cord of mice

In mice dorsal root ganglia (DRG), some neurons express calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) without substance P (SP; CGRP+SP‐). The projections and functions of these neurons are unknown. Therefore, we combined in vitro axonal tracing with multiple‐labeling immunohistochemistry to neurochemically define these neurons and characterize their peripheral and central projections. Cervical spinal cord, DRG, and forepaw skin were removed from C57Bl/6 mice and multiple‐labeled for CGRP, SP, and either marker for the sensory neuron subpopulations transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), neurofilament 200 (NF200), or vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT1). To determine central projections of CGRP+SP‐ neurons, Neurobiotin (NB) was applied to the C7 ventral ramus and visualized in DRG and spinal cord sections colabeled for CGRP and SP. Half (50%) of the CGRP‐immunoreactive DRG neurons lacked detectable SP and had a mean soma size of 473 ± 14 μm2 (n = 5); 89% of the CGRP+SP‐ neurons expressed NF200 (n = 5), but only 32% expressed TRPV1 (n = 5). Cutaneous CGRP+SP‐ fibers were numerous within dermal papillae and around hair shafts (n = 4). CGRP+SP‐ boutons were prevalent in lateral lamina I and in lamina IV/V of the dorsal horn (n = 5). NB predominantly labeled fibers penetrating lamina IV/V, 6 ± 3% contained CGRP (n = 5), and 21 ± 2% contained VGluT1 (n = 3). CGRP+SP‐ afferent neurons are likely to be non‐nociceptive. Their soma size, neurochemical profile, and peripheral and central targets suggest that CGRP+SP‐ neurons are polymodal mechanoceptors. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:2555–2569, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.