Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic convergence of Kalman filtering with nonstationary intermittent observations

In this paper, we consider state estimation using a Kalman filter of a linear time-invariant process with nonstationary intermittent observations caused by packet losses. The packet loss process is modeled as a sequence of independent, but not necessarily identical Bernoulli random variables. Under this model, we show how the probabilistic convergence of the trace of the prediction error covariance matrices, which is denoted as Tr(P<sub>k</sub>), depends on the statistical property of the nonstationary packet loss process. A series of sufficient and/or necessary conditions for the convergence of sup<sub>k≥n</sub> Tr(P<sub>k</sub>) and inf<sub>k≥n</sub> Tr(P<sub>k</sub>) are derived. In particular, for one-step observable linear system, a sufficient and necessary condition for the convergence of inf<sub>k≥n</sub> Tr(P<sub>k</sub>) is provided.
Joint learning on sentiment and emotion classification

Sentiment and emotion classification have been popularly but separately studied in natural language processing. In this paper, we address joint learning on sentiment and emotion classification where both the labeled data for sentiment and emotion classification are available. The objective of this joint-learning is to benefit the two tasks from each other for improving their performances. Specifically, an extra data set that is annotated with both sentiment and emotion labels are employed to estimate the transformation probability between the two kinds of labels. Furthermore, the transformation probability is leveraged to transfer the classification labels to benefit the two tasks from each other. Empirical studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for the novel joint learning task.
Corrections to “A Menagerie of Timed Automata”

This note corrects a technical error in the ACM Computing Surveys article mentioned in the title. The flaw involved constructions for showing that timed automata with urgent locations have the same expressiveness as timed automata that allow false location invariants. Corrected constructions are presented in this note, and the affected results are reproved.
Protection against pemphigus foliaceus by desmoglein 3 in neonates.

Pemphigus foliaceus is an autoantibody-mediated blistering disease in which antibodies against desmoglein 1 cause loss of adhesion among keratinocytes in the superficial epidermis.1 Desmogleins are transmembrane glycoproteins found in desmosomes, which provide physical connections between cells. The main desmogleins expressed in the epidermis are desmoglein 1 and desmoglein 3. In adults, desmoglein 1 is present throughout the epidermis, but desmoglein 3 is present only in the basal and immediate suprabasal layers.2,3 It has been proposed that in patients with pemphigus foliaceus the antibodies interfere with the adhesive function of desmoglein 1 and that blisters occur only in the superficial .
Dose schedule and antitumor studies of arabinosyl cytosine (NSC 63878).

The effect of dose and schedule of arabinosyl cytosine (ara-C) on bone marrow function and antitumor response was evaluated in 88 patients with metastatic cancer. It was found that: ( a ) Single doses of ara-C produced no myelosuppressive or antitumor effect. ( b ) Continuous infusion for 48 or 96 hours resulted in a steep dose-response curve with respect to marrow depression; 18–38% of analyzable patients had tumor regression. ( c ) Continuous infusion for 24 hours produced an increase in marrow depression with doses up to 1200 mg/sq m, after which further increase in dose did not produce greater myelosuppression. Tumor regression occurred in 10% of these patients. The above dose-marrow response curves, interpreted with a background of experimental data, suggest that a substantial nonproliferating marrow stem cell pool exists in man. ( d ) Granulocytopenia was more frequent than thrombocytopenia, and lymphopenia did not occur. Platelet “rebound” to greater than 1,000,000 per cu mm following myelosuppression was common. The cell kinetic and therapeutic implications of these observations are discussed.
News from the Informed Principal in Private-Value Environments

This paper studies the problem of mechanism selection by an informed principal in semi-private environments: the agents’s payoffs and types are independent of the principal’s type, but the principal’s payoff may depend on the agents’ types, and the agents’ types may be interdependent. We show that a solution to the informed-principal problem exists under weak conditions. The essential condition is that the payoff functions are such that, given any type profile, the best outcome for the principal is the worst outcome for the agents. This best-worst-condition is satisfied in most bargaining and auction environments. We also compute examples of the solution for the informed principal problem. ∗Department of Economics, University of Bonn, Germany. Email: mylovanov@unibonn.de and ttroeger@uni-bonn.de. Financial Support by the German Science Foundation (DFG) through SFB/TR 15 “Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems” is gratefully acknowledged.
Personality: Strategies and Issues

Asking and answering questions about personality research. The psychoanalytic strategy: Introduction to the psychoanalytic strategy Origins and development of personality The organization of personality Assessment and personality change Liabilities of the psychoanalytic strategy. The dispositional strategy: Introduction to the dispositional strategy The assessment of dispositions Trait and type approaches Needs and motives Liabilities of the dispositional strategy. The phenomenological strategy: Introduction to the phenomenological strategy Rogers' self-actualization theory Maslow's theory of human motivation Kelly's theory of personal constructs Liabilities of phenomenological strategies. The behavioural strategy: Introduction to the behavioural strategy The radical-behavioural approach The family of social learning theories The cognitive behavioural approach Liabilities of the behavioural strategy.
VCSEL Arrays for Microfluidic Particle Manipulation 107 Miniaturized Optical Particle Manipulation with Integrated VCSEL Arrays

In recent years, optical manipulation has gained increasing interest, especially in combination with microfluidics. The contamination-free handling of micrometer-sized particles without any mechanical contact is an attractive tool for biology and medicine. VCSELs (vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers) are an excellent choice for the trapping lasers, offering the opportunity of miniaturization by means of integration, and of parallel particle manipulation by using two-dimensional VCSEL arrays.
Design and Simulation of Observer-Controller Digital Phase Locked Loop

In the optical communication in a backbone infrastructure, flexibility means, for example, programmable bitrates requiring a PLL with robust operation over a wide range of frequency range. A wide range PLL could be used by different protocols and applications so that maximize the reusability. A digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) has been recently developed to exploit the increasing transistor speed of modern process technology. By employing a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) and a time-to-digital converter (TDC), the loop filter of a DPLL becomes all-digital. Instead of designing the loop filter by digitizing a continuous-time loop response as has been commonly done, more sophisticated control schemes can be employed. In this paper, we propose to design the feedback loop in the time-domain by first modeling the DCO and TDC as a noisy “plant” in state-space form. Based on a Kalman observer of the “plant,” the proposed approach then generates optimal control signals that accurately account for the additive noise as well as the transport delay in the digital feedback system. The proposed observer-controller loop filter achieves rapid transient response time and significantly reduces the steady-state phase noise jitter compared to the conventional DPLL
The transcription factor Foxo1 controls germinal center B cell proliferation in response to T cell help

Germinal center (GC) B cells cycle between two states, the light zone (LZ) and the dark zone (DZ), and in the latter they proliferate and hypermutate their immunoglobulin genes. How this functional transition takes place is still controversial. In this study, we demonstrate that ablation of Foxo1 after GC development led to the loss of the DZ GC B cells and disruption of the GC architecture, which is consistent with recent studies. Mechanistically, even upon provision of adequate T cell help, Foxo1-deficient GC B cells showed less proliferative expansion than controls. Moreover, we found that the transcription factor BATF was transiently induced in LZ GC B cells in a Foxo1-dependent manner and that deletion of BATF similarly led to GC disruption. Thus, our results are consistent with a model where the switch from the LZ to the DZ is triggered after receipt of T cell help, and suggest that Foxo1-mediated BATF up-regulation is at least partly involved in this switch.
Psychological capital intervention (PCI): a replication and extension

Psychological Capital (PsyCap) is a positive individual characteristic, and its malleability and openness to development have made it the focus of considerable attention in recent years. A training procedure for improving individuals’ PsyCap has been advanced and tested by Luthans and colleagues in a North American sample. The purpose of the current study was to generalize the effectiveness of the PsyCap Intervention (Luthans, Avey, Avolio, Norman, & Combs, 2006) when conducted by different trainers (i.e., replication), and to explore its longer term effects (i.e., extension). We trained a pooled sample ( N = 40) of students and professionals in Bulgaria and conducted a one-month follow-up assessment of PsyCap in order to examine the durability of the training effects. The statistical analyses revealed significant improvements in the overall PsyCap after training as well as in each of its four dimensions, namely, self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism; remarkably, these improvements remained stable over one month, attesting to the durability of the training effects in the samples of both students and professionals. These results contribute to the accrual of scientific knowledge on a theory-driven and evidence-based HRD intervention.
Nearest Neighbor Phase Synchronization as a Measure to Detect Seizure Activity from Scalp EEG Recordings

Summary The author presents results from the application of a particular measure for synchronization between brain areas (i.e., phase synchronization) in its behavior to detect epileptic seizure activity from scalp EEG recordings. The primary motivation for the current study was to contribute to the development of physiologic measures that both transform the EEG to a visual domain that allows a more intuitive interpretation of the interictal and ictal EEG and allows automated analysis, both relevant for real-time monitoring. EEGs from 16 patients experiencing temporal lobe and generalized seizures were analyzed. Nearest neighbor phase synchronization (NNPS) values for several frequency bands were determined. Additional analysis of the NNPS in the delta band, using different thresholds, allows construction of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for each EEG analyzed. The common value for the sensitivity and the specificity, Q *, was used as a measure for the test accuracy, with values of Q * near 1.0, indicating ROC curves with sensitivity and specificity both approaching 1.0. It was found that Q * = 0.48 to 0.87, depending on the EEG analyzed, indicating that the proposed method allows seizure detection in a significant portion of the EEGs studied. Nearest neighbor phase synchronization was typically increased during seizure activity and seems to be a promising method to detect seizure activity from scalp EEG recordings. The proposed visualization allows an intuitive interpretation of the EEG and may assist in real-time monitoring.
Efficient induction of differentiation and growth inhibition in IDH1 mutant glioma cells by the DNMT Inhibitor Decitabine

Mutation in the IDH1 or IDH2 genes occurs frequently in gliomas and other human malignancies. In intermediate grade gliomas, IDH1 mutation is found in over 70% of tumors. These mutations impart the mutant IDH enzyme with a neomorphic activity – the ability to synthesize 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). This ability leads to a reprogramming of chromatin state, a block in differentiation, and the establishment of the glioma hypermethylator phenotype (G-CIMP). It has been hypothesized but not proven that the extensive DNA methylation that occurs in G-CIMP tumors helps maintain and “lock in” glioma cancer cells in a dedifferentiated state. Here, we tested this hypothesis by treating patient derived IDH1 mutant glioma initiating cells (GIC) with non-cytotoxic, epigenetically targeted doses of the DNMT inhibitor decitabine. Global methylome analysis of treated IDH1 mutant GICs showed that DAC treatment resulted in reversal of DNA methylation marks induced by IDH and the re-expression of genes associated with differentiation. Accordingly, treatment of IDH1 mutant glioma cells resulted in a dramatic loss of stem-like properties and efficient adoption of markers of differentiation, effects not seen in decitabine treated IDH wild-type GICs. Induction of differentiation was much more efficient than that seen following treatment with a specific inhibitor of mutant IDH enzyme (Agios). Decitabine also decreased replicative potential and tumor growth in vivo. Reexpression of polycomb regulated genes accompanied these DAC-induced phenotypes. In total, our data indicates that targeting the pathologic DNA methylation in IDH mutant cells can reverse mutant IDH induced hypermethylation and block in differentiation and promote tumor control. These findings have substantial impact for exploring new treatment strategies for patients with IDH mutant gliomas.
Parametric Modelling (bim) for the Documentation of Vernacular Construction Methods: a Bim Model for the Commissariat Building, Ottawa, Canada

Whether a house of worship or a simple farmhouse, the fabrication of a building reveals both the unspoken cultural aspirations of the builder and the inevitable exigencies of the construction process. In other-words, why buildings are made is intimately and inevitably associated with how buildings are made. Nowhere is this more evident than in vernacular architecture. At the Carleton Immersive Media Studio (CIMS) we are concerned that the de-population of Canada's rural areas, paucity of specialized tradespersons, and increasing complexity of building codes threaten the sustainability of this invaluable cultural resource. For current and future generations, the quantitative and qualitative values of traditional methods of construction are essential for an inclusive cultural memory. More practically, and equally pressing, an operational knowledge of these technologies is essential for the conservation of our built heritage. To address these concerns, CIMS has launched a number of research initiatives over the past five years that explore novel protocols for the documentation and dissemination of knowledge related to traditional methods of construction. Our current project, Cultural Diversity and Material Imagination in Canadian Architecture (CDMICA), made possible through funding from Canada's Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), explores the potential of building information modelling (BIM) within the context of a web-based environment. In this paper, we discuss our work-to-date on the development of a web-based library of BIM details that is referenced to ''typical'' assemblies culled from 19C and early 20C construction manuals. The parametric potential of these ''typical'' details is further refined by evidence from the documentation of ''specific'' details studied during comprehensive surveys of extant heritage buildings. Here, we consider a BIM of the roof truss assembly of one of the oldest buildings in Canada's national capital – the Commissariat Building and current home to the Bytown Museum – as a case study within the CDMICA project.
Vitamin D deficiency is related to thyroid antibodies in autoimmune thyroiditis

Introduction It has been known that vitamin D has some immunomodulatory effects and in autoimmune thyroid diseases, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent. In this study, our aim was to investigate the relationship between thyroid autoantibodies and vitamin D. Material and methods Group 1 and 2 consisted of 254 and 27 newly diagnosed Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD) cases, respectively; age-matched 124 healthy subjects were enrolled as controls (group 3). All subjects (n = 405) were evaluated for 25OHD and thyroid autoantibody [anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-tg)] levels. Results Group 2 and group 1 patients had lower 25OHD levels than group 3 subjects 14.9 ±8.6 ng/ml, 19.4 ±10.1 ng/ml and 22.5 ±15.4 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Serum 25OHD levels inversely correlated with anti-tg (r = –0.136, p = 0.025), anti-TPO (r = –0.176, p = 0.003) and parathormone (PTH) (r = –0.240, p < 0.001). Group 2 patients had higher anti-tg and anti-TPO levels than group 1 and 3 (p < 0.001). Conclusions In this study, we found that patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) present with lower vitamin D levels and GD patients have higher prevalence. Since we found an inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and thyroid antibody levels, we may suggest that vitamin D deficiency is one of the potential factors in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disorders.
Incidence of cancer in Bradford Asians.

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence of cancer in Asians living in Bradford. DESIGN--Cancer registrations were obtained from the Yorkshire Regional Cancer Registry for the six year period 1979-1984. Registrations relating to persons of Asian background were extracted using forenames and surnames. Data were analysed by disease category and age and sex specific incidence rates were calculated. These were compared with expected incidence rates for the non-Asian population and with rates for the Indian subcontinent derived from the Bombay Cancer Registry. SETTING--Data collection was confined to the Bradford Metropolitan District, population 449,897 (1981). SUBJECTS--The Asians studied originated from Pakistan (65%), India (28%), Bangladesh (4%), and East Africa (3%). The total Asian population of the Bradford Metropolitan District was approximately 45,000. MAIN RESULTS--Over the study period there were 178 Asian cancer registrations. The overall standardised registration ratio was 53.7 for males (100 cases, 95% confidence interval 43-64), and 43.5 for females (78 cases, 95% CI 34-53). The standardised registration ratios for cancer of the hypopharynx in males and gall bladder in females were significantly raised. There was a particularly low incidence of cancer of the stomach, large bowel, lung, skin, and bladder in males, and of skin, breast, cervix (in situ), and ovary in females. The analyses suggested that lung and breast cancer incidence may be increasing towards the non-Asian level. In situ cancer of cervix in Asians shows no evidence of the high rates found in younger non-Asian age groups. CONCLUSIONS--Lower incidence of many cancers in Asians may be due to lower exposure to major risk factors. Demographic change resulting in increased exposure to these risk factors can be expected to result in an increase in cancer incidence in Asians.
Perioperative optimal blood pressure as determined by ultrasound tagged near infrared spectroscopy and its association with postoperative acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients.

OBJECTIVES Perioperative blood pressure management by targeting individualized optimal blood pressure, determined by cerebral blood flow autoregulation monitoring, may ensure sufficient renal perfusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the optimal blood pressure for individual patients, determined during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and during early postoperative period in intensive care unit (ICU). A secondary aim was to examine if excursions below optimal blood pressure in the ICU are associated with risk of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). METHODS One hundred and ten patients undergoing cardiac surgery had cerebral blood flow monitored with a novel technology using ultrasound tagged near infrared spectroscopy (UT-NIRS) during CPB and in the first 3 h after surgery in the ICU. The correlation flow index (CFx) was calculated as a moving, linear correlation coefficient between cerebral flow index measured using UT-NIRS and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Optimal blood pressure was defined as the MAP with the lowest CFx. Changes in optimal blood pressure in the perioperative period were observed and the association of blood pressure excursions (magnitude and duration) below the optimal blood pressure [area under the curve (AUC) < OptMAP mmHgxh] with incidence of CSA-AKI (defined using Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria) was examined. RESULTS Optimal blood pressure during early ICU stay and CPB was correlated (r = 0.46, P < 0.0001), but was significantly higher in the ICU compared with during CPB (75 ± 8.7 vs 71 ± 10.3 mmHg, P = 0.0002). Thirty patients (27.3%) developed CSA-AKI within 48 h after the surgery. AUC < OptMAP was associated with CSA-AKI during CPB [median, 13.27 mmHgxh, interquartile range (IQR), 4.63-20.14 vs median, 6.05 mmHgxh, IQR 3.03-12.40, P = 0.008], and in the ICU (13.72 mmHgxh, IQR 5.09-25.54 vs 5.65 mmHgxh, IQR 1.71-13.07, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Optimal blood pressure during CPB and in the ICU was correlated. Excursions below optimal blood pressure (AUC < OptMAP mmHgXh) during perioperative period are associated with CSA-AKI. Individualized blood pressure management based on cerebral autoregulation monitoring during the perioperative period may help improve CSA-AKI-related outcomes.
Ergodic radio resource allocation based on imperfect channel distribution information

In this paper, the effect of channel distribution information (CDI) imperfectness on the performance of wireless networks is investigated. In the literature, ergodic resource allocation problems are solved assuming that perfect CDI is available which might not be a practical assumption. Therefore, we adopt the nonparametric density estimation methods for estimating the channel gain distribution. The estimation is first carried out through the well-known kernel density estimation (KDE) method. Since KDE is too sensitive to contaminated data, we adopt the robust kernel density estimation (RKDE) method. The analysis is performed over an ergodic resource allocation problem framework in the uplink of an orthogonal frequency division multiple access based network. In the proposed problem, the objective is to maximize the average total rate subject to total power constraint for each user. Simulation results indicate that for large enough number of nominal data and a reasonable number of outlier data, RKDE can provide a sum rate very close to the one obtained based on the actual CDI.