Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SERS reveals the specific interaction of silver and gold nanoparticles with hemoglobin and red blood cell components.

The interaction of nanoparticles with hemoglobin (Hb), a major constituent of red blood cells, is important in nanotoxicity research. We report SERS spectra of Hb using gold and silver nanoparticles at very small nanoparticle : Hb molecule ratios, that is, under conditions relevant for SERS-based nanotoxicity experiments with red blood cells at high sensitivity. We show that the structural information obtained from the experiment is highly dependent on the type of SERS substrate and the conditions under which the interaction of nanoparticles with Hb molecules takes place. In experiments with isolated red blood cells, we demonstrate that the dependence of the spectra on the type of nanoparticle used as the SERS substrate extends to whole red blood cells and red blood cell components. Regarding the applicability of SERS to red blood cells in vivo, evidence is provided that the molecular information contained in the spectra is highly dependent on the material and size of the nanoparticles. The results indicate specific interactions of gold and silver nanoparticles with Hb and the red blood cell membrane, and reflect the hemolytic activity of silver nanoparticles. The results of this study help improve our understanding of the interactions of silver and gold nanoparticles with red blood cells.
Semantic role induction in Persian: An unsupervised approach by using probabilistic models

Semantic roles describe the relation between a predicate (typically a verb) and its arguments. Semantic role labeling is a Natural Language Processing task that extracts these relations in the sentences. Different applications such as machine translation and question answering benefit from this level of semantic analysis. The creation of semantic role-annotated data is an obstacle to develop supervised learning systems, so we present a novel unsupervised approach to semantic role induction task. In our approach, which is formulized as a clustering method, the argument instances of the verb are clustered into semantic role classes specified for that verb. We present a Bayesian model for learning argument structure from un-annotated text and estimate the model parameters using expectation maximization method. Clustering of argument instances of a verb, which have semantic and syntactic similarities, can be a promising approach for unsupervised learning of their semantic roles. The only linguistic knowledge, which is prepared for linking the argument instances to semantic clusters is extracted from a verb valance lexicon. Our evaluation results on Persian language show that our system in both small and large training datasets works better than a strong baseline proposed by ([Lang and Lapata 2010][1]) which its idea is developed in Persian. We have used purity and inverse purity measures to assess the quality of the proposed semantic role clustering method. The results indicate the improvement about 9.73 and 1.65% in small dataset and 2.85 and 0.67% in large dataset in purity and inverse purity, respectively. [1]: #ref-20
[Are young Norwegian women sufficiently physically active?].

BACKGROUND The physical activity level of girls and young women is not known in Norway, hence the aim of this survey was to study physical activity and compare it with national recommendations for physical activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS A questionnaire including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered to a representative sample of women aged 13-39 years (n=900). The response rate was 69%; 549 women were included in the study. RESULTS The physical activity level and intensity of exercise decreased with increasing age. 52 % percent of those aged 13-19 met the recommendations for adolescents: at least one hour of activity per day, including walking or other activities of at least moderate intensity. 63% percent of women in the age group 20-39 were physically active during the last week, on average at least 30 minutes every day at moderate intensity. In the age bracket 20-29 and 30-39 years, 72%, and 57%, respectively met the recommendations. INTERPRETATION The activity level decreased with increasing age. Every second adolescent girl and four in ten young women were not as physically active as recommended.
Realization adaptive strategies and a comparison of Fourier bandwidth, Shannon bandwidth, and Campbell bandwidth

In 1960, Campbell derived a quantity that he defined as the coefficient rate of a random process that involves the process spectral entropy. However, no potential applications of the coefficient rate were identified. Two new derivations of Campbell's rate coefficient rate are presented. One derivation solidifies the interpretation of this quantity as a coefficient rate and allows definition of an effective bandwidth for the process. The second derivation implies a new approach for realization adaptive source compression. The coefficient rate can be used for realization adaptive coefficient selection in a sequence of source representations. Furthermore, the effective bandwidth is designated as Campbell bandwidth and contrasted with Fourier bandwidth and Shannon bandwidth. Several specific examples are presented that illustrate the differences among the three quantities.
Evaluation of antigen panels for ELISA monitoring of mouse colonies for antibodies to Pasteurellaceae

Pasteurellaceae infection in mice may be monitored by the detection of serum antibody using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We re-evaluated our standard antigen panel comprising Pasteurella pneumotropica and a V-factor requiring Haemophilus species (strain H21) by studying their serological relationship with Actinobacillus muris and 'Haemophilus influenzae-murium'. Serologically, A. muris and 'H. influenzae-murium' were found to be unrelated and to differ from P. pneumotropica and Haemophilus strain H21. These four antigens were used for monitoring breeding and experimental mouse colonies for a period of four years. The addition of 'H. influenzae-murium' antigen to the standard panel of antigens significantly increased the proportion of sera and serum panels showing anti-Pasteurellaceae antibody activity, but the addition of A. muris antigen did not.
Optimization and validation of a new CE method for the determination of pantoprazole enantiomers

A new CE method using sulfobutylether‐beta‐cyclodextrin (SBE‐beta‐CD) as chiral additive was developed and validated for the determination of pantoprazole enantiomers. The primary factors affecting its separation efficiency, which include chiral selector, buffer pH, organic additive, and applied voltage, were optimized. The best results were obtained using a buffer consisting of 50 mM borax‐150 mM phosphate adjusted to pH 6.5, 20 mg/mL SBE‐beta‐CD, and a 10 kV applied voltage. The optimized method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and proved to be robust. The LOD and LOQ for R‐(+)‐pantoprazole were 0.9 and 2.5 μg/mL, respectively. The method is capable of determining a minimum limit of 0.1% (w/w) of R‐enantiomer in S‐(–)‐pantoprazole bulk samples.
Danish registers on personal labour market affiliation

Introduction: Statistics Denmark has a number of registers about labour market affiliation, which includes information on employees, establishments and the relation between employees and establishments. Content: The registers describe a person’s attachment to the labour market, information on the establishments and information on the relations between persons and establishments. The registers presented either include information at one specific point in time each year (end of November) or during the year. Validity and coverage: Both the validity and coverage of the registers are considered to be high. Conclusion: These registers provide valuable information on personal labour market affiliation and can be used to study determinants and consequences of labour market affiliation.
Numerical Investigation of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of a Flat Tube in Cross-Flow of Air

Abstract—Heat transfer from flat tube is studied numerically. Reynolds number is defined base on equivalent circular tube which is varied in range of 100 to 300. In these range of Reynolds number flow is considered to be laminar, unsteady, and incompressible. Equations are solved by using finite volume method. Results show that increasing l/D from 1 to 2 has insignificant effect on heat transfer and Nusselt number of flat tube is slightly lower than circular tube. However, thermal-hydraulic performance of flat tube is up to 2.7 times greater than circular tube.
Family history of insomnia in a population-based sample.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the rates of family history of insomnia in a population-based sample composed of self-defined good sleepers and individuals with insomnia and compare individuals with and without family history of insomnia on several characteristics presumably associated with insomnia. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparisons of self-defined good sleepers and individuals with insomnia selected from a larger epidemiologic study using a randomly selected sample of 2001 adults of the province of Quebec in Canada. PARTICIPANTS Nine hundred fifty-three adults (60.3% women; mean age = 43.9 years) completed several postal questionnaires, including a survey of past and current history of insomnia/sleep disorders for self and first-degree relatives. Participants were classified as good sleepers, individuals with insomnia symptoms, or individuals with an insomnia syndrome. INTERVENTIONS N/A. RESULTS Of the total sample, 34.9% reported at least 1 first-degree relative with past or current insomnia. The mother was the most frequently afflicted first-degree relative with insomnia (19.7%). Family history rates of insomnia were not significantly different when individuals with current insomnia symptoms or syndrome were compared with self-defined good sleepers. However, significant group differences emerged when good sleepers were subdivided according to the presence or absence of past personal history of insomnia. Individuals with past or current insomnia were significantly more likely to report a family history of insomnia than were good sleepers who had never experienced insomnia in the past (39.1% vs 29.0%). Participants with a family history of insomnia endorsed higher scores on measures of insomnia severity, anxiety symptomatology, and arousal predisposition. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide additional evidence about the potential role of both family and personal history of insomnia as predisposing factors to insomnia. Longitudinal family studies are needed to further examine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors in the genesis and heritability of insomnia.
Molecular characterization of Rhizoctonia solani AG4 using PCR-RFLP of the rDNA-ITS region.

Rhizoctonia solani isolates obtained from common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were included in an AG4 anastomosis group in accordance with hyphal anastomosis. In the subgrouping of AG4 isolates, PCR-RFLP patterns in the rDNA-ITS were used. After obtaining the genomic DNA belonging to R. solani AG4, an approximately 700 bp amplification product of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was obtained with PCR, using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers. The PCR products were digested with MseI, HincII, AvaII, and MfeI restriction endonucleases, and different PCR-RFLP patterns were obtained for the AG4 HGI and AG4 HGII subgroups. In this study, in addition to the enzymes that were previously used in the AG4 subgrouping, AvaII restriction endonuclease was also seen to be effective in the subgrouping. In this way, the isolates that were grouped as R. solani AG4 according to anastomosis reactions were separated into 2 subgroups, HGI and HGII. This study indicates that the common beans in the Black Sea coastal region are more commonly infected by Rhizoctonia solani AG4 HGI.
A Low-Power High-Sensitivity X-Band Rail SAR Imaging System [Measurement's Corner]

Wideband radar imaging with range gating and high sensitivity can be achieved with the use of low-cost commercially available narrowband IF filters. Such filters reduce the effective receiver noise bandwidth of the radar system. This allows for high sensitivity, comparable to that of single-sideband radio receivers, while at the same time acquiring de-chirped wide-band received waveforms. A carefully developed radar architecture, based on the use of these IF filters, is shown in this paper. This radar architecture is then implemented in an X-band linear rail synthetic-aperture-radar (SAR) imaging system. The X- band rail SAR is a linear FM-chirped radar, which chirps from approximately 7.5 GHz to 12.5 GHz. The radar front end is mounted onto an eight-foot-long linear rail. The transmitted power is adjustable to 10dBm or less. It will be shown that objects as small as groups of pushpins in free space can be imaged using transmitted power as low as 10 nW. These results are compared to previous direct-conversion X-band FMCW rail SAR work. A high-sensitivity X-band rail SAR such as this could be useful for measuring low-radar-cross-section (RCS) targets. This radar could be used in high clutter environments that require a range gate. This low-power X-band rail SAR could be useful for operation in restricted transmission areas, where maximum radiated power is severely limited. Other applications include any that require low transmitter power, such as automotive radar.
Herbivores do not discriminate between leaves of female and hermaphrodite individuals of gynodioecious Daphne laureola (Thymelaeaceae)

The outcome of plant-animal interactions in dioecious plant species frequently depends on the gender of the plant individuals. It has even been proposed that these interactions could mediate the evolution of plant reproductive systems from hermaphroditism to dioecy. Gynodioecy is the most frequent intermediate stage in this evolutionary process, however, little is known about the relevance of gender dimorphism in plant-animal relationships others than pollination for gynodioecious species. In this study herbivores (Noctuid larvae) were used as subjective referees to detect differences between leaves of female and hermaphrodite Daphne laureola individuals. Larvae collected in the field were allowed to choose between leaves of female and hermaphrodite individuals at both flowering and fruiting period. There was no preference for either of the genders suggesting that the absence of male reproductive function in D. laureola shrubs does not cause dissimilarities in leaf characteristics that can affect herbivores.
Understanding substrate selectivity of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases through QSAR modeling and analysis of homologous enzymes

The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzyme catalyzes the glucuronidation reaction which is a major metabolic and detoxification pathway in humans. Understanding the mechanisms for substrate recognition by UGT assumes great importance in an attempt to predict its contribution to xenobiotic/drug disposition in vivo. Spurred on by this interest, 2D/3D-quantitative structure activity relationships and pharmacophore models have been established in the absence of a complete mammalian UGT crystal structure. This review discusses the recent progress in modeling human UGT substrates including those with multiple sites of glucuronidation. A better understanding of UGT active site contributing to substrate selectivity (and regioselectivity) from the homologous enzymes (i.e. plant and bacterial UGTs, all belong to family 1 of glycosyltransferase (GT1)) is also highlighted, as these enzymes share a common catalytic mechanism and/or overlapping substrate selectivity.
Ensaios uniaxiais e biaxiais para avalição de criterio de resistencia de materiais anisotropicos aplicado a madeira

A realizacao de ensaios uniaxiais e biaxiais permite uma melhor compreensao do comportamento mecânico de um material que possui direcoes principais de resistencia e e sem duvida uma forma que pesquisadores encontraram para obter resultados condizentes com a situacao real que uma determinada estrutura apresenta. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do criterio de resistencia proposto por Tsai e Wu, realizando-se ensaios uniaxiais e biaxiais. A avaliacao do criterio ficou restrita ao ensaio de compressao, devido as dificuldades de se realizar ensaios biaxiais de tracao. Com o ensaio biaxial de compressao, tensoes em duas direcoes principais foram simultaneamente desenvolvidas, utilizando-se um equipamento de ensaio tradicional para uma direcao e na direcao perpendicular um equipamento tipo alicate desenvolvido para este fim. O parâmetro estudado foi o 12 F , parâmetro este que designa a possibilidade da superficie de ruptura ser aberta ou fechada, considerando-se que para a seguranca de um projeto e imprescindivel obter uma superficie fechada para o criterio de resistencia adotado. Observa-se, alem disso, que o parâmetro 12 F foi obtido no ensaio biaxial de compressao de forma direta. Para as especies de madeira Pinus elliottii e Goupia glabra (Cupiuba), obtiveram-se valores experimentais satisfatorios, sendo algumas inconsistencias observadas em funcao da heterogeneidade do material Abstract
SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR ACRYLIC IMPLANTS*

REDMOND SMITH (1956) produced further evidence for an irritant, Cetrimide, introduced at the time of operation being the cause of inflammatory reaction when an acrylic lens is inserted into the eye. Binkhorst and Flu (1956) proposed the use of ultra-violet rays for sterilising intra-ocular prostheses. Their objection to the use of detergents does not take into account the fact that these substances differ greatly in their physicochemical behaviour with regard to acrylic material, and they offer no method of rendering the lens chemically clean after manufacture. The procesa of irradiation with ultra-violet light is open to several objections. First, it is not certain that all spores will be destroyed. Also, it is known that ultraviolet light of wavelength 2,537 A is strongly absorbed by polymethyl methacrylate (Fig. 1).
Semantic-based Keyword Extraction Method for Document

Keyword extraction is one of the most important contents of information retrieval research. Document keywords extraction on the basis of semantic is an effective way to improve the accuracy of automatic extraction. This paper proposed a semantic-base keywords extraction method with the Chinese document as the processing object. First, semantic distances between words are calculated through the synonyms dictionary. Then theme related classes are obtained by density based clustering of words. Finally, the headwords are selected from topic related classes and regarded as keywords. An artificial contrast experiment, a corpus classification experiment and a scoring experiment were conducted. Results show that the proposed semantic-based keyword extraction method has higher accuracy and recall rate, and the extracted keywords are more related to the topic.
Identifying IGR J14091-6108 as a magnetic CV with a massive white dwarf using X-ray and optical observations

INTEGRAL Gamma-Ray (IGR) J14091−6108 is a Galactic X-ray source known to have an iron emission line, a hard X-ray spectrum, and an optical counterpart. Here, we report on X-ray observations of the source with XMM–Newton and NuSTAR as well as optical spectroscopy with European Southern Obseratory/Very Large Telescope and National Optical Astronomy Observatory/Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope. In the X-rays, this provides data with much better statistical quality than the previous observations, and this is the first report of the optical spectrum. Timing analysis of the XMM data shows a very significant detection of 576.3 ± 0.6 s period. The signal has a pulsed fraction of 30 ± 3 per cent in the 0.3–12 keV range and shows a strong drop with energy. The optical spectra show strong emission lines with significant variability in the lines and continuum, indicating that they come from an irradiated accretion disc. Based on these measurements, we identify the source as a magnetic cataclysmic variable of intermediate polar (IP) type where the white dwarf spin period is 576.3 s. The X-ray spectrum is consistent with the continuum emission mechanism being due to thermal bremsstrahlung, but partial covering absorption and reflection are also required. In addition, we use the IP mass model, which suggests that the white dwarf in this system has a high mass, possibly approaching the Chandrasekhar limit.
Prediction of potentially avoidable readmission risk in a division of general internal medicine.

INTRODUCTION The 30-day post-discharge readmission rate is a quality indicator that may reflect suboptimal care. The computerised algorithm SQLape® can retrospectively identify a potentially avoidable readmission (PARA) with high sensitivity and specificity. We retrospectively analysed the hospital stays of patients readmitted to the Department of Internal Medicine of the CHUV (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) in order to quantify the proportion of PARAs and derive a risk prediction model. METHOD All hospitalisations between January 2009 and December 2011 in our division of general internal medicine were analysed. Readmissions within 30 days of discharge were categorised using SQLape®. The impact on PARAs was tested for various clinical and nonclinical factors. The performance of the developed model was compared with the well-validated LACE and HOSPITAL scores. RESULTS From a total of 11 074 hospital stays, 777 (7%) were followed with PARA within 30 days. By analysing a group of 6729 eligible stays, defined in particular by the patients' returning to their place of residence (home or residential care centre), we identified the following risk factors: ≥1 hospitalisation in the year preceding index admission, Charlson score >1, active cancer, hyponatraemia, length of stay >11 days, prescription of ≥15 different medications during the stay. These variables were used to derive a risk prediction model for PARA with a good discriminatory power (C-statistic 0.70) and calibration (p = 0.69). Patients were then classified as low (16.4%), intermediate (49.4%) or high (34.2%) risk of PARA. The estimated risk of PARA for each category was 3.5%, 8.7% and 19.6%, respectively. The LACE and the HOSPITAL scores were significantly correlated with the PARA risk. The discriminatory power of the LACE (C-statistic 0.61) and the HOSPITAL (C-statistic 0.54) were lower than our model. CONCLUSION Our model identifies patients at high risk of 30-day PARA with a good performance. It could be used to target transition of care interventions. Nevertheless, this model should be validated on more data and could be improved with additional parameters. Our results highlight the difficulty to generalise one model in the context of different healthcare systems.
The Influence of Hierarchy on Idea Generation and Selection in the Innovation Process

The link between organizational structure and innovation has been a longstanding interest of organizational scholars, yet the exact nature of the relationship has not been clearly established. Drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm, we take a process view and examine how hierarchy of authority—a fundamental element of organizational structure reflecting degree of managerial oversight—differentially influences behavior and performance in the idea generation versus idea selection phases of the innovation process. Using a multimethod approach that includes a field study and a lab experiment, we find that hierarchy of authority is detrimental to the idea generation phase of innovation, but that hierarchy can be beneficial during the screening or selection phase of innovation. We also identify a behavioral mechanism underlying the effect of hierarchy of authority on selection performance and propose that selection is a critical organizational capability that can be strategically developed and managed thr.