Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF TWO 4.7-MILLIGRAM TO ONE 9.4-MILLIGRAM DESLORELIN ACETATE IMPLANTS ON EGG PRODUCTION AND PLASMA PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATIONS IN JAPANESE QUAIL (COTURNIX COTURNIX JAPONICA)

Abstract: Reproductive disease in captive avian species is common, and medical management is often chosen over surgical removal of the reproductive tract. In a previous study with Japanese quail, a single 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implant reversibly decreased egg production in 6 out 10 birds for 70 days. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of two 4.7-mg deslorelin acetate implants versus one 9.4-mg implant on egg production and plasma progesterone concentrations in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Following a 10-day period of consistent egg laying, 30 adult female Japanese quail were anesthetized and received two 4.7-mg deslorelin implants (n = 10), one 9.4-mg deslorelin implant (n = 10), or a single, identical placebo implant (n = 10) s.c. between the scapulae. Egg production was monitored daily, and plasma progesterone concentrations were measured on days 0, 14, 29, 120, 148, and 182 via enzyme-linked immunoassay. All birds were weighed periodically and euthanized at day 182, after which their reproductive tracts were evaluated at gross necropsy. Seven out of 10 birds treated with two 4.7-mg implants ceased egg laying 1 wk after implantation and remained nonovulatory for approximately 100 days. Cessation of egg laying for the 9.4-mg treatment group occurred in 7 out of 10 birds; onset was variable (weeks 5–12) and continued for the remainder of the study period. Plasma progesterone concentrations for deslorelin treatment groups were not significantly different compared to the placebo group at any time point. In conclusion, the two 4.7-mg and the one 9.4-mg implant treatments ceased egg laying in a similar number of birds, but the 9.4-mg implant had a slower onset of action and the effects on egg laying were inconsistent throughout the study period. Further studies evaluating use of deslorelin acetate in other avian species are needed.
A Novel Differential-Fed Patch Antenna

A novel differential-fed patch antenna (DFPA) is proposed in this letter. The proposed DFPA can be conveniently integrated with microwave differential circuits. Based on this differential feeding structure, wide bandwidth and good radiation patterns can be obtained. As a demonstration, a DFPA is designed and measured. Experiments show that the proposed DFPA can obtain good patterns with symmetric copolarization and low cross-polarization across a bandwidth of 34.5%
Application of a new human cell line, F2N78, in the transient and stable production of recombinant therapeutics

Host cell lines developed by genetic engineering sometimes show instabilities in maintaining their genetically acquired phenotypes. Previously, a hybrid host cell line, designated as hybrid of kidney and B cells (HKB), capable of retaining selected phenotypes originally existing in the parental cells was developed via fusion of 293 cells and HH514‐16 cells. Although HKB did indeed successfully preserve several favorable phenotypes, the expression of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) specific nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1), which should be constitutively expressed for host cells to utilize oriP expression vector in transient production of therapeutic proteins, was observed to be unstable. Here, in an attempt to obtain stable expression of EBNA1, a cell type that contains an integrated EBV genome, rather than HH514‐16 cells, which harbor an episomal EBV genome, was applied for fusion with 293 cells. Fusion of 293 cells with Namalwa cells led to the creation of a new type of hybrid, F2N, which was able to stably express EBNA1 while not producing EBV particles. One of the F2N clones, F2N78, was observed to maintain EBNA1 expression for more than 1 year under serum‐free suspension culture conditions along with human specific glycosyl phenotypes observed previously in HKB. In addition, F2N78 was demonstrated to be an appropriate host cell line for both the transient and stable production of recombinant therapeutics with the features of safety expected of production cell lines for human use. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 29: 432–440, 2013
Physiological compartmentation of fluid within the synovial cavity of the rabbit knee.

1. The relationship between pressure in the suprapatellar region (Psp) of the synovial cavity of the rabbit knee, and volume of fluid (oil or saline) infused into that region displayed a pressure plateau (15 . 5 cm H2O) between 1 . 2 and 2 . 0 ml. 2. No pressure plateau occurred when fluid was infused simultaneously into the suprapatellar and posteromedial regions of the synovial space. 3. Pressure in the posteromedial region (Ppm) did not respond to suprapatellar fluid infusions until onset of the suprapatellar pressure plateau. During the plateau phase, Ppm rose steadily towards Psp. At the end of the plateau phase the two pressures were almost equal and rose in parallel. 4. The plateau phenomen also occurred during aspiration of volume‐expanded joints; and was present at all joint angles. 5. It was concluded that the joint space, although anatomically continuous, is divided into two hydraulically separate compartments at physiological pressures. 6. The sites of communication between the two compartments at pathological pressures were explored by casts of the synovial cavity.
A xestión do bosque e do monte dende a Idade do Ferro á época romana no noroeste da península Ibérica: consumo de combustibles e produción de manufacturas en madeira

Esta Tesis Doctoral tuvo como objetivo principal conocer las estrategias organizativas que conforman la gestion del bosque y del monte a partir del tipo de aprovisionamiento de los recursos lenosos durante la Edad del Hierro y epoca romana en el noroeste peninsular. Fueron estudiados conjuntos arqueobotanicos procedentes de 22 yacimientos arqueologicos. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron observar como existe una estrecha relacion entre las estrategias economicas de estas comunidades y los cambios en los patrones de aprovisionamento de combustibles: preferencia por madera de arboles o arbustos, territorios explotados, etc. Tambien pudimos identificar diversos aspectos relacionados con la elaboracion de manufacturas en madera: seleccion de especies, tecnicas, herramientas, etc.
What Can Police Do to Reduce Crime, Disorder, and Fear?

The authors review research on police effectiveness in reducing crime, disorder, and fear in the context of a typology of innovation in police practices. That typology emphasizes two dimensions: one concerning the diversity of approaches, and the other, the level of focus. The authors find that little evidence supports the standard model of policing—low on both of these dimensions. In contrast, research evidence does support continued investment in police innovations that call for greater focus and tailoring of police efforts, combined with an expansion of the tool box of policing beyond simple law enforcement. The strongest evidence of police effectiveness in reducing crime and disorder is found in the case of geographically focused police practices, such as hot-spots policing. Community policing practices are found to reduce fear of crime, but the authors do not find consistent evidence that community policing (when it is implemented without models of problem-oriented policing) affects either crime or disorder. A developing body of evidence points to the effectiveness of problemoriented policing in reducing crime, disorder, and fear. More generally, the authors find that many policing practices applied broadly throughout the United States either have not been the subject of systematic research or have been examined in the context of research designs that do not allow practitioners or policy makers to draw very strong conclusions.
Etude du comportement et contribution à la mise au point de méthodes d'élevage de l'escargot de l'Ile des Pins Placostylus fibratus (espèce endémique et menacée de Nouvelle Calédonie)

L'escargot de l'Ile des Pins ou bulime (Placostylus fibratus) est une espece endemique a la Nouvelle Caledonie et vit dans les forets primaires humides. Seules les populations de l'Ile des Pins sont exploitables et exploitees. Placostylus fibratus represente une specialite culinaire de l'Ile des Pins et est actuellement distribue sur toute la Nouvelle Caledonie. La cueillette menee trop intensivement (les animaux provenant uniquement d'un ramassage local) met en danger les cheptels sauvages. Depuis 5 ans environ, des mesures reglementaires visant a limiter la recolte ont ete mises en place. Cependant, les connaissances actuelles (biologie, rythmes d'activite.) sur les bulimes restent tres rudimentaires et cela nuit gravement a toute tentative de mise en captivite. La presente etude sur le comportement de cet escargot tropical in situ et en captivite note qu'il possede un comportement essentiellement nocturne (phototropisme negatif) et est tres peu actif. In situ et en elevage, l'activite est plus forte au crepuscule et pendant la nuit si une forte humidite est assuree (>90%) et si la temperature est plus douce (18-19°C)
Cellular blue nevus with atypia (atypical cellular blue nevus): a clinicopathologic study of nine cases

Atypical cellular blue nevus (ACBN) has clinicopathologic features intermediate between typical cellular blue nevus (CBN) and the rare malignant blue nevus (MBN)/malignant melanoma (MM) arising in a CBN. Herein we report 9 cases of ACBN. The patients were caucasian (6 females and 3 males) with a mean and median age of 47/51 years. Two patients complained of recent changes and about half of these tumors were located on the buttocks or scalp, averaging 1.5 cm in diameter. Histologically, they were characterized by architectural atypia (infiltrative margin and/or asymmetry) and/or cytologic atypia (hypercellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, hyperchromasia, mitotic figures, and/or necrosis). Assessment of the expression of 3 tissue markers demonstrated rare solitary cell staining with oncogene product bcl‐2, and a proliferative index of 23±19 and 39±30 cells/10 high power field with antibodies to PCNA and Mib‐1, respectively. No significant differences were detected comparing the above levels of expression to a control group of 15 CBN; however, ACBNs tended to show a higher proliferative index by PCNA and Mib‐1 as well as a significantly higher mitotic rate (1/10 HPF vs. 0; p=0.001). Analysis of DNA content showed DNA anetiploidy in both groups. Follow‐up data on 9 of 9 patients showed 1 patient dead without disease and 8 alive without disease (mean/median follow‐up 42/32 months, range 15‐96 months). No patient during this follow‐up time has experienced either a local recurrence or lymph node or visceral metastasis. These findings highlight the close resemblance of ACBN to the natural history of CBN. Nevertheless, many of the distinguishing histologic features of ACBN are also those of MBN. Because of these intermediate clinicopathologic features, ACBN warrant close scrutiny and long‐term follow‐up.
Epstein-Barr Virus Immediate-Early Protein BRLF1 Interacts with CBP, Promoting Enhanced BRLF1 Transactivation

ABSTRACT The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate-early protein BRLF1 is a transcriptional activator that mediates the switch from latent to lytic viral replication. Many transcriptional activators function, in part, due to an interaction with histone acetylases, such as CREB-binding protein (CBP). Here we demonstrate that BRLF1 interacts with the amino and carboxy termini of CBP and that multiple domains of the BRLF1 protein are necessary for this interaction. Furthermore, we show that the interaction between BRLF1 and CBP is important for BRLF1-induced activation of the early lytic EBV gene SM in Raji cells.
Filter comparison for estimation on discretized PDEs modeling traffic: Ensemble Kalman Filter and minimax filter

Traffic State Estimation (TSE) refers to the estimation of the state (i.e., density, speed, or other parameters) of vehicular traffic on roads based on partial observation data (e.g., road-side detectors and on-vehicle GPS devices). It can be used as a component in applications such as traffic control systems as a means to identify and alleviate congestion. In existing studies, the Kalman Filter and its extensions, notably the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), are commonly employed for TSE. Recently, the MF has been newly adapted to this domain as a filtering algorithm for TSE. In this article, we compare the performance of the EnKF and the MF on discretized PDE models of traffic flow traffic. Specifically, for the EnKF study, the estimation is performed using stationary and mobile sensor information based on actual traffic data, by employing EnKF in conjunction with a Godunov discretization of the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) model. For the minimax study, the discontinuous Galerkin formulation of the LWR model is used in conjunction with the implicitly-linearized MF to obtain state estimates using the same data. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the filters are empirically quantified. Insights for practical application and future research directions are presented.
trome, trEST and trGEN: databases of predicted protein sequences

We previously introduced two new protein databases (trEST and trGEN) of hypothetical protein sequences predicted from EST and HTG sequences, respectively. Here, we present the updates made on these two databases plus a new database (trome), which uses alignments of EST data to HTG or full genomes to generate virtual transcripts and coding sequences. This new database is of higher quality and since it contains the information in a much denser format it is of much smaller size. These new databases are in a Swiss-Prot-like format and are updated on a weekly basis (trEST and trGEN) or every 3 months (trome). They can be downloaded by anonymous ftp from ftp://ftp.isrec. isb-sib.ch/pub/databases.
ACUTE EFFECTS OF CANDESARTAN ON RAT RENAL HAEMODYNAMICS AND PROXIMAL TUBULAR REABSORPTION

1. The effects of the specific angiotensin II receptor type I (AT1) antagonist candesartan on renal proximal tubular sodium transport were studied using lithium clearance. The effects of candesartan on mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and sodium and potassium excretion were also investigated.
Metronomic capecitabine in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a phase II study.

UNLABELLED Anti-angiogenic treatment with targeted agents is effective in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of metronomic capecitabine in patients with HCC. METHODS This single-institution phase II trial included 59 previously untreated patients with advanced HCC and 31 patients resistant to or intolerant of sorafenib. The treatment schedule was capecitabine 500 mg twice daily until progression of disease, unacceptable toxicity level, or withdrawal of informed consent. Progression-free survival (PFS) was chosen as the primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 59 previously untreated and 31 previously treated patients with HCC were enrolled. The first cohort achieved a median PFS of 6.03 months and an overall survival (OS) of 14.47 months. Two patients achieved a complete response, 1 patient achieved partial response, and in 30 patients, stable disease was the best outcome. The second cohort achieved a median PFS of 3.27 months and a median OS of 9.77 months. No complete or partial responses were observed, but 10 patients had stable disease. An unscheduled comparison of the first cohort of patients with 3,027 untreated patients with HCC from the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) database was performed. One-to-one matching according to demographic/etiologic/oncologic features was possible for 50 patients. The median OS for these 50 capecitabine-treated patients was 15.6 months, compared with a median OS of 8.0 months for the matched untreated patients (p = .043). CONCLUSION Metronomic capecitabine is well tolerated by patients with advanced HCC and appears to have activity both in treatment-naive patients and in those previously treated with sorafenib.
Primary blast injury to the eye and orbit: finite element modeling.

PURPOSE Primary blast injury (PBI) mostly affects air-filled organs, although it is sporadically reported in fluid-filled organs, including the eye. The purpose of the present paper is to explain orbit blast injury mechanisms through finite element modeling (FEM). METHODS FEM meshes of the eye, orbit, and skull were generated. Pressure, strain, and strain rates were calculated at the cornea, vitreous base, equator, macula, and orbit apex for pressures known to cause tympanic rupture, lung damage, and 50% chance of mortality. RESULTS Pressures within the orbit ranged between +0.25 and -1.4 MegaPascal (MPa) for tympanic rupture, +3 and -1 MPa for lung damage, and +20 and -6 MPa for 50% mortality. Higher trinitrotoluene (TNT) quantity and closer explosion caused significantly higher pressures, and the impact angle significantly influenced pressure at all locations. Pressure waves reflected and amplified to create steady waves resonating within the orbit. Strain reached 20% along multiple axes, and strain rates exceeded 30,000 s(-1) at all locations even for the smallest amount of TNT. CONCLUSIONS The orbit's pyramidlike shape with bony walls and the mechanical impedance mismatch between fluidlike content and anterior air-tissue interface determine pressure wave reflection and amplification. The resulting steady wave resonates within the orbit and can explain both macular holes and optic nerve damage after ocular PBI.
Admixture and Population Stratification in African Caribbean Populations

Throughout biomedical research, there is growing interest in the use of ancestry informative markers (AIMs) to deconstruct racial categories into useful variables. Studies on recently admixed populations have shown significant population substructure due to differences in individual ancestry; however, few studies have examined Caribbean populations. Here we used a panel of 28 AIMs to examine the genetic ancestry of 298 individuals of African descent from the Caribbean islands of Jamaica, St. Thomas and Barbados. Differences in global admixture were observed, with Barbados having the highest level of West African ancestry (89.6%± 2.0) and the lowest levels of European (10.2%± 2.2) and Native American ancestry (0.2%± 2.0), while Jamaica possessed the highest levels of European (12.4%± 3.5) and Native American ancestry (3.2%± 3.1). St. Thomas, USVI had ancestry levels quite similar to African Americans in continental U.S. (86.8%± 2.2 West African, 10.6%± 2.3 European, and 2.6%± 2.1 Native American). Significant substructure was observed in the islands of Jamaica and St. Thomas but not Barbados (K=1), indicating that differences in population substructure exist across these three Caribbean islands. These differences likely stem from diverse colonial and historical experiences, and subsequent evolutionary processes. Most importantly, these differences may have significant ramifications for case‐control studies of complex disease in Caribbean populations.
Determination of SOC of a Battery Pack Used in Pure Electric Vehicles

Thevenin's model having a RC network characterizing the battery polarization is used for SOC determination. Reverse current method is proposed to decrease the polarization elimination time. And the polarization voltage of the battery model is identified using the nonlinear least square technique. A maximum available capacity based SOC determination method considering the SOC limit of each cell for battery pack in series is presented in the paper. Discussed results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed parameter identification technique and the SOC determination method for PEV application.
Attribute-based Encryption for Attribute-based Authentication, Authorization, Storage, and Transmission in Distributed Storage Systems

Attribute-based encryption is a form of encryption which offers the capacity to encrypt data such that it is only accessible to individuals holding a satisfactory configuration of attributes. As cloud and distributed computing become more pervasive in both private and public spheres, attribute-based encryption holds potential to address the issue of achieving secure authentication, authorization, and transmission in these environments where performance must scale with security while also supporting fine-grained access control among a massively large number of consumers. With this work, we offer an example generic configurable stateless protocol for secure attribute-based authentication, authorization, storage, and transmission in distributed storage systems based upon ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE), discuss the experience of implementing a distributed storage system around this protocol, and present future avenues of work enabled by such a protocol. The key contribution of this work is an illustration of a means by which any CP-ABE system may be utilized in a black-box manner for attribute-based authentication and cryptographically enforced attribute-based access control in distributed storage systems.
Sequence- and Structure-Specific RNA Processing by a CRISPR Endonuclease

CRISPR Processing Many bacteria and archaea recognize invading viruses and plasmids. Foreign DNA is integrated into so-called clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci, and transcripts from these loci are processed into RNAs that can target the invading DNA or RNA for destruction. To investigate the molecular basis for this processing, Haurwitz et al. (p. 1355) screened CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins in the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and found they were capable of cleaving the CRISPR transcripts. The crystal structure of Cas4 with the CRISPR RNA transcript revealed how the protein specifically recognized RNA repeats, as well as the mechanism of endonucleolytic cleavage. How a prokaryotic immune system makes small RNAs that target invading nucleic acids. Many bacteria and archaea contain clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) that confer resistance to invasive genetic elements. Central to this immune system is the production of CRISPR-derived RNAs (crRNAs) after transcription of the CRISPR locus. Here, we identify the endoribonuclease (Csy4) responsible for CRISPR transcript (pre-crRNA) processing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A 1.8 angstrom crystal structure of Csy4 bound to its cognate RNA reveals that Csy4 makes sequence-specific interactions in the major groove of the crRNA repeat stem-loop. Together with electrostatic contacts to the phosphate backbone, these enable Csy4 to bind selectively and cleave pre-crRNAs using phylogenetically conserved serine and histidine residues in the active site. The RNA recognition mechanism identified here explains sequence- and structure-specific processing by a large family of CRISPR-specific endoribonucleases.