Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small bowel obstruction and covered perforation in childhood caused by bizarre bezoars and foreign bodies.

BACKGROUND Small bowel obstruction with perforation is an unusual and rare complication of bezoars. OBJECTIVE To describe our use of emergency laparotomy to treat intestinal obstruction caused by bizarre bezoars. CONCLUSIONS An aggressive surgical approach to intestinal obstruction in the pediatric disabled or mentally retarded population is recommended.
Noise-filtering features of transcription regulation in the yeast S. cerevisiae

Transcription regulation is largely governed by the profile and the dynamics of transcription factors' binding to DNA. Stochastic effects are intrinsic to this dynamics and the binding to functional sites must be controled with a certain specificity for living organisms to be able to elicit specific cellular responses. Specificity stems here from the interplay between binding affinity and cellular abundancy of transcription factor proteins and the binding of such proteins to DNA is thus controlled by their chemical potential. We combine large-scale protein abundance data in the budding yeast with binding affinities for all transcription factors with known DNA binding site sequences to assess the behavior of their chemical potentials. A sizable fraction of transcription factors is apparently bound non-specifically to DNA and the observed abundances are marginally sufficient to ensure high occupations of the functional sites. We argue that a biological cause of this feature is related to its noise-filtering consequences: abundances below physiological levels do not yield significant binding of functional targets and mis-expressions of regulated genes are thus tamed.
Load Aggregation From Generation-Follows-Load to Load-Follows-Generation: Residential Loads

The growing interest in optimizing the generation, distribution, and delivery of electric power have motivated the implementation of several smart grid functions in many power systems around the globe. Among such functions are the peak-load management, demand response, direct load control, and integration of distributed power generation. Nowadays, smart grid functions are being implemented for industrial, residential, and/or commercial loads. One of the key requirements for implementing smart grid functions is the accurate and reliable load aggregation. The bottom-up, coordinated, and bus-split aggregation methods have been found applicable for different load types that are included in smart grid functions. This paper reviews the methods and approaches for performing the load aggregation, and provides a discussion for the critical role of load aggregation in power systems operating and smart grid functions. In addition, this paper discusses the applicability of the load aggregation methods in smart grid functions for residential loads.
A purified Drosophila septin complex forms filaments and exhibits GTPase activity

Septin proteins are necessary for cytokinesis in budding yeast and Drosophila and are thought to be the subunits of the yeast neck filaments. To test whether septins actually form filaments, an immunoaffinity approach was used to isolate a septin complex from Drosophila embryos. The purified complex is comprised of the three previously identified septin polypeptides Pnut, Sep2, and Sep1. Hydrodynamic and sequence data suggest that the complex is composed of a heterotrimer of homodimers. The complex copurifies with one molecule of bound guanine nucleotide per septin polypeptide. It binds and hydrolyzes exogenously added GTP. These observations together with conserved sequence motifs identify the septins as members of the GTPase superfamily. We discuss a model of filament structure and speculate as to how the filaments are organized within cells.
Parent-Child Relationship Influences on Children's Transition to School.

The linkages between the family and school social systems as children make the transition to school were examined. Children entering kindergarten (n = 45) participated in the study. Mother-child and father-child interactions were observed in a physical play session (e.g., tickling, chasing, wrestling) prior to school entrance. School social adjustment was assessed through parent ratings, teacher reports, and interviews with the children 2 weeks after school began and at the end of the first school semester
Thrombin increases expression of urokinase receptor by activation of the thrombin receptor.

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of thrombin on the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (u-PAR) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS The authors analyzed u-PAR mRNA by Northern blot hybridization. Retinal pigment epithelial cell surface u-PAR was assayed by measuring the amount of functional urokinase plasminogen activator (u-PA) bound to cells at saturation. Retinal pigment epithelial cells were derived from fetal retinal tissue and established in primary cell culture. RESULTS Thrombin increased u-PAR mRNA 4-fold in RPE cells examined by Northern blot hybridization, whereas the amount of thrombin receptor mRNA was unchanged. Thrombin stimulated u-PA binding to RPE cells 2.5- to 5-fold in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Hirudin, a thrombin antagonist, completely blocked the effects of thrombin on u-PAR expression in RPE cells. Phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C treatment of RPE cells resulted in the abolition of thrombin-induced u-PA binding. Recombinant soluble u-PAR competitively inhibited two-chain u-PA binding to the surface of thrombin-treated RPE cells. A thrombin receptor agonist peptide (SFLLRNPNDKYEPF) also induced a 2.5-fold increase in binding of u-PA to the surface of RPE cells. CONCLUSION Thrombin increases u-PAR expression by RPE cells by a mechanism involving activation of the seven transmembrane thrombin receptor.
Mass spectrometry screening reveals widespread diversity in trichome specialized metabolites of tomato chromosomal substitution lines

Glandular secreting trichomes of cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and close relatives produce a variety of structurally diverse volatile and non-volatile specialized (‘secondary’) metabolites, including terpenes, flavonoids and acyl sugars. A genetic screen is described here to profile leaf trichome and surface metabolite extracts of nearly isogenic chromosomal substitution lines covering the tomato genome. These lines contain specific regions of the Solanum pennellii LA0716 genome in an otherwise ‘wild-type’ M82 tomato genetic background. Regions that have an impact on the total amount of extractable mono- and sesquiterpenes (IL2-2) or only sesquiterpenes (IL10-3) or specifically influence accumulation of the monoterpene α-thujene (IL1-3 and IL1-4) were identified using GC-MS. A rapid LC-TOF-MS method was developed and used to identify changes in non-volatile metabolites through non-targeted analysis. Metabolite profiles generated using this approach led to the discovery of introgression lines producing different acyl chain substitutions on acyl sugar metabolites (IL1-3/1-4 and IL8-1/8-1-1), as well as two regions that influence the quantity of acyl sugars (IL5-3 and IL11-3). Chromosomal region 1-1/1-1-3 was found to influence the types of glycoalkaloids that are detected in leaf surface extracts. These results show that direct chemical screening is a powerful way to characterize genetic diversity in trichome specialized metabolism.
CAHRA: collision avoidance system for humanoid robot arms with potential field

This paper proposes an autonomous collision avoidance system for humanoid robot arms named "CAHRA". There is a difficulty when robot developers make motions of humanoid robot arms, because the right arm and the left arm may collide each other. CAHRA can execute the online collision avoidance, since the computational cost in CAHRA that uses the potential method is very small. An experiment was conducted to confirm the ability of CAHRA which was developed on a humanoid robot "Robovie". The result indicated that CAHRA avoided collision of arms in 97%. Without being nervous about collision avoidance, developers can make robot motions by using CAHRA.
Additive Effect on Soybean Peroxidase-Catalyzed Removal of Anilines from Water.

Soybean peroxidase has been shown to be effective in removal of aromatic compounds from wastewater, while the use of additives effectively reduces enzyme concentration requirement, hence overall treatment cost. Enzymatic treatment, an oxidative polymerization, was successful in removal of over 95% of both aniline and o-anisidine. The originality of this study lies in the findings that the additives, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), Triton X-100, and sodium dodecanoate (SDOD), reduced enzyme concentration requirement, while polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molar mass of 3350 g/mol) had no effect on the required enzyme concentration. In addition, the presence of SDS also enhanced treatment by improving precipitation and color removal. These results are enabling advancement of soybean peroxidase-catalyzed treatment of anilines found in wastewaters as a new sustainable method.
Constraint-Relaxation Approach for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization: A Case Study

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a powerful technique for dimensionality reduction. Conventional NMF algorithms usually keep the matrices W and H nonnegative while iterating. However, to get the NMF of a matrix, it's unnecessary to force the temporary solutions in iterations nonnegative. In this paper, we propose a two-staged approach for NMF. At the relaxation stage, the nonnegative constraint of temporary solutions is relaxed and a real valued matrix factorization is generated. At the constraint stage, the real valued matrix factorization is transformed to a nonnegative matrix factorization by an invertible linear transformation. Based on this approach, we study on exact nonnegative matrix factorization when rank=2. We proved that, given two real valued matrices of rank=2, there exists an invertible linear transformation which can transform the real valued matrices to nonnegative matrices with their product stable. We propose an algorithm to find out the transformation. When rank is higher than 2, this kind of transformation may not exist. In the experiments, it's showed that this approach can reach a nonnegative matrix factorization with lower reconstruction error than conventional methods, and the technique for rank=2 exact NMF works well.
DeepFace: Face Generation using Deep Learning

We use CNNs to build a system that both classifies images of faces based on a variety of different facial attributes and generates new faces given a set of desired facial characteristics. After introducing the problem and providing context in the first section, we discuss recent work related to image generation in Section 2. In Section 3, we describe the methods used to fine-tune our CNN and generate new images using a novel approach inspired by a Gaussian mixture model. In Section 4, we discuss our working dataset and describe our preprocessing steps and handling of facial attributes. Finally, in Sections 5, 6 and 7, we explain our experiments and results and conclude in the following section. Our classification system has 82\% test accuracy. Furthermore, our generation pipeline successfully creates well-formed faces.
Subcellular Localization of Simian Virus 40 Large Tumor Antigen

The distribution of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen in subcellular fractions from simian virus 40-transformed hamster (H-50) and mouse (VLM) cells and from simian virus 40-infected monkey cells was determined. Solubilized [35S]-methionine- or 32Pi-labeled surface membrane and nuclear fractions were prepared, immunoprecipitated with hamster anti-T serum, and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Tumor antigen with an apparent molecular weight of ∼96,000 was detected in both subcellular fractions. Minor components of ∼68,000 and ∼56,000 with anti-T reactivity which labeled with [35S]methionine were also detected in both fractions from H-50 cells, as were components of ∼140,000 and ∼56,000 from VLM cells. The 56,000 component appeared to be greatly reduced in 32Pi-labeled surface membrane fractions. Normal cells or cells transformed with a heterologous agent, such as polyoma virus or a chemical carcinogen, lacked immunoprecipitable tumor antigen. Cell fractionation was monitored by [3H]thymidine labeling, NADH-diaphorase activity, and Na+-K+-dependent ATPase activity. These analyses revealed only trace contamination of surface membranes by nuclei, extremely low levels of nuclear rupture during homogenization, and an approximate 10-fold enrichment of surface membrane. Reconstruction experiments demonstrated that soluble tumor antigen failed to associate or copurify with surface membranes during fractionation procedures. These results indicate the presence of a protein in the plasma membrane of cells transformed or infected by simian virus 40 that is immunologically indistinguishable from nuclear tumor antigen.
Transforming the Treadmill into a Staircase: Preparing Nontraditional First-Generation College Attenders for Success.

The Transition Class is an alternative model to the traditional college sequence of developmental courses. Offered as an option to prospective students before they complete the college application and financial aid procedures, the 12-week Transition Class is nongraded and free of charge. By taking the class before they fully matriculate in the college credit system, nontraditional, first-generation college students have the opportunity to learn about the expectations and demands of college in a supportive, low-risk environment. A holistic, integrated curriculum and class structure, along with the constant use of active learning methodologies, characterize the Transition Class. Academic skills, emotional and social skills, teamwork, career exploration, and goal setting are developed to cultivate success in the workplace as well as in the classroom. The curriculum consists of reading, writing, math, and "emotional literacy," and class sizes are small enough to foster collaborative learning and student involvement. In the Transition Class, students are expected to meet high demands and are responsible for their own learning, which is often strengthened by the communal learning environment. The Transition Class has proven extremely successful in improving the college academic achievement of "at-risk" students. (YKH) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** Transforming the Treadmill into a Staircase: Preparing non traditional, first-generation college attenders for success U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) pf, This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. by Gwen Koehler and Ann Burke August, 1996
Transferring functional grasps through contact warping and local replanning

We present a method for transferring grasps between objects of the same functional category. This transfer is intended to preserve the functionality of a grasp constructed for one of the objects, thus enabling the analogous action to be performed on a novel object for which no grasp has been specified. Manipulation knowledge is hence generalized from a single example to a class of objects with a significant amount of shape variability. The transfer is achieved through warping the surface geometry of the source object onto the target object, and along with it the contact points of a grasp. The warped contacts are locally replanned, if necessary, to ensure grasp stability, and a suitable grasp pose is computed. We present extensive results of experiments with a database of four-finger grasps, designed to systematically cover variations on grasping the mugs of the Princeton Shape Benchmark.
Mutation-Based Testing of Integer Overflow Vulnerabilities

Integer overflow vulnerability is a kind of common software vulnerabilities, there has been no effective way to detect integer overflow vulnerabilities. Because of the lack of dynamic execution, static analysis can not determine the run-time distribution of memory, and may miss the detection of possible security issues; source code auditing is an expensive and time consuming process. Although there has been applying mutation analysis for testing ANSI C programs, and lots of mutation operators have been designed with respect to specific questions, there are not any of operators specifically designed for integer overflow. In this paper, we propose some new mutation operators to force the generation of adequate test data set for integer overflow vulnerabilities. The results indicate that the proposed operators are effective for detecting integer overflow vulnerabilities.
Economies of Scale in Higher Education: Sixty Years of Research

Abstract: This study synthesizes empirical research on the effects of scale (enrollment size) on average cost per student in higher education using a meta-analytic approach. Results are reported separately for two-year colleges, four-year colleges, and universities, and for expenditures in several areas including instruction and administration. The institution is the primary unit of analysis. Scale effects are most noticeable at low enrollment levels and for administrative functions.
Interpretation of navigation information modulates the effect of the waist-type Hanger Reflex on walking

The Hanger Reflex is a phenomenon in which the head rotates unintentionally when force is applied via a wire hanger placed on the head. This phenomenon is caused by physical pressure on the skin, and the direction of the Hanger Reflex modulated by the direction of skin deformation. A previous study examined the use of the head-, waist-, and ankle-type Hanger Reflex on walking navigation without interpretation of navigation information, and found that the waist-type Hanger Reflex had the strongest effect on walking. However, the existing waist-type Hanger Reflex device is passive; i.e. must be operated by the user, which leads to the necessity of developing a new active type device for use as part of a navigational system. In this paper, we developed a controlled waist-type Hanger Reflex device with four pneumatic actuators. We investigated different interpretations of navigation information on the effect of our device on walking. Our interpretation conditions included “Natural”, in which users did not attempt to interpret the navigation information, “Follow”, and “Resist”, in which they actively followed, or resisted the navigation information, respectively. We confirmed that our waist-type Hanger Reflex device could control the walking path and body direction, depending on user's interpretation of the navigational information.
Resource Allocation and Link Adaptation in LTE and LTE Advanced: A Tutorial

Resource allocation and link adaptation in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced are discussed with focus on the location and formatting of the pertinent reference and control signals, as well as the decisions they enable. In particular, after reviewing the units for resource allocation and the time-frequency resource grid, the enabled resource-allocation modes and their purposes are reviewed. A detailed description of the way the resource allocations are encoded under these different modes is also given. Similarly, the various methods of link adaptation, including power control and rate control, both through the use of adaptive modulation and coding and hybrid automatic repeat request, are reviewed. The control signaling encoding for link adaptation is provided in detail, as is the encoding of channel state feedback for the purposes of link adaptation and resource allocation.
Design of a dynamic scheduling engine of grid workflow

Scheduling engine is an important component in the grid workflow system, which assign different job to specific resource node for execution according to job description information under appropriate policy constraints, so as to achieve optimal allocation of grid resources. Aiming at heterogeneous and dynamic of grid environment, a kind of dynamic scheduling method based on heuristic algorithm was proposed to schedule grid services. Based on the method, the hierarchical overall structure of Grid Workflow Scheduler was designed. Design in detail functional modules as job management, resource matching, policy management and scheduling engines in interface layer, management layer and service provider layer were also provided, which lays foundation for implementation of the system.
Social Engineering

Traditionally, “social engineering” is a term describing “efforts to systematically manage popular attitudes and social behavior on a large scale” (Wikipedia, 2006). In this context, the practice of social engineering is the application of perception management techniques to a large populous. As it relates to terrorism, social engineering is a tool used by terrorists whose actions are intended to cause the loss of confidence in a social institution’s ability to protect the security of its citizens and assets.
The Usual Model Construction for NFU Preserves Information

The usual construction of models of NFU (New Foundations with urelements, introduced by Jensen) is due to Maurice Boffa. A Boffa model is obtained from a model of (a fragment of) ZFC with an automorphism which moves a rank: the domain of the Boffa model is a rank that is moved. “Most” elements of the domain of the Boffa model are urelements in terms of the interpreted NFU . The main result of this paper is that the restriction of the membership relation of the original model of set theory with automorphism to the domain of the Boffa model is first-order definable in the language of NFU . In particular, all information about the extensions in the original model of the urelements of the model of NFU is definable in terms of NFU . A corollary (answering a question of Thomas Forster) is that the urelements in a Boffa model are not homogeneous. Note: this version corrects some typos in the published paper.
Quality Evaluation of Agricultural Distillates Using an Electronic Nose

The paper presents the application of an electronic nose instrument to fast evaluation of agricultural distillates differing in quality. The investigations were carried out using a prototype of electronic nose equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co., an electronic circuit converting signal into digital form and a set of thermostats able to provide gradient temperature characteristics to a gas mixture. A volatile fraction of the agricultural distillate samples differing in quality was obtained by barbotage. Interpretation of the results involved three data analysis techniques: principal component analysis, single-linkage cluster analysis and cluster analysis with spheres method. The investigations prove the usefulness of the presented technique in the quality control of agricultural distillates. Optimum measurements conditions were also defined, including volumetric flow rate of carrier gas (15 L/h), thermostat temperature during the barbotage process (15 °C) and time of sensor signal acquisition from the onset of the barbotage process (60 s).