Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting high [O iii]/H β ratios with maturing starbursts

Star-forming galaxies at high redshift show ubiquitously high-ionization parameters, as measured by the ratio of optical emission lines. We demonstrate that local (z < 0.2) sources selected as Lyman break analogues also manifest high line ratios with a typical [O III]/Hβ=3.36+0.14−0.04 – comparable to all but the highest ratios seen in star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2–4. We argue that the stellar population synthesis code BPASS can explain the high-ionization parameters required through the ageing of rapidly formed star populations, without invoking any AGN contribution. Binary stellar evolution pathways prolong the age interval over which a starburst is likely to show elevated line ratios, relative to those predicted by single stellar evolution codes. As a result, model galaxies at near-solar metallicities and with ages of up to ∼100 Myr after a starburst typically have a line ratio [O III]/Hβ ∼ 3, consistent with those seen in Lyman break galaxies and local sources with similar star formation densities. This emphasises the importance of including binary evolution pathways when simulating the nebular line emission of young or bursty stellar populations.
Immunomodulatory effect of decoy receptor 3 on the differentiation and function of bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells in nonobese diabetic mice: from regulatory mechanism to clinical implication

To investigate the regulatory effects of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) on the differentiation and function of dendritic cells (DCs), bone marrow‐derived DCs (BM‐DCs) from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice were cultured with recombinant DcR3.Fc protein. Their differentiating phenotypes and T cell‐stimulating functions were then evaluated. Expression of CD11c, CD40, CD54, and major histocompatibility complex I‐Ag7 was reduced in cells cultured with additional DcR3.Fc, compared with DCs incubated with granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)‐4, indicating that DcR3 interferes with the differentiation and maturation of BM‐DCs. One of the most striking effects of DcR3.Fc on the differentiation of DCs was the up‐regulation of CD86 and down‐regulation of CD80, suggesting a modulatory potential to skew the T cell response toward the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) phenotype. Consistent with this, the proliferation of CD4+ T cells cocultured with DcR3.Fc‐treated DCs was significantly reduced compared with that of T cells stimulated by normal DCs. Moreover, the secretion of interferon‐γ from T cells cocultured with DcR3.Fc‐treated DCs was profoundly suppressed, indicating that DcR3 exerts a Th1‐suppressing effect on differentiating DCs. Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments revealed that NOD/severe combined immunodeficiency mice received DcR3.Fc‐treated DCs, and subsequently, autoreactive T cells showed delayed onset of diabetes and a decrease in diabetic severity compared with mice that received normal DCs and T cells, suggesting a future therapeutic potential in autoimmune diabetes. Data from two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time‐of‐flight analysis show an up‐regulation of some proteins—such as mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38 β, cyclin‐dependent kinase 6, and signal‐induced proliferation‐associated gene 1—and a down‐regulation of the IL‐17 precursor; tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand family member‐associated nuclear factor‐κB activator‐binding kinase 1; and Golgi S‐nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine in cells treated with DcR3, further demonstrating its effect on DC differentiation and function.
Agent-based Simulation Modeling of Low Fertility Trap Hypothesis

Advances in information technology enable researchers to utilize big data in analyzing social behaviors in scientific ways. While an interest to evaluate economically effective policies is increasing worldwide, testing hypothesized policies with a real society is highly risky. To overcome this difficulty, we present an agent-based social simulation model based on the low fertility trap hypotheses, which includes human network, social heterogeneity, demographic condition, and economic activity. We aim to 1) analyze the interaction between economic state transitions and demographic events in terms of ageing, low fertility, and economic instability and 2) use the social simulation model to support political decision making based on real case study data from South Korea. An initial designed experiment shows that ageing and low fertility are mutually related to individual economic capability. Low fertility is also found to be a consequence of creating an economic buffer against consumption and well-being of people in a society, especially with a high number of elderly. This current study is the first phase of the hybrid simulation model integrating the statistical-based micro simulation and system dynamics simulation approaches in our on-going work to create the hybrid demographic simulation model using South Korean case study to better understand social phenomena and to provide economic solutions during crises.
Tracing the Difference: A Geoarchaeological Approach to the Formation of a Neolithic Tell/Extended Site in Greece~!2009-11-16~!2010-02-02~!2010-07-20~!

This study presents a geoarchaeological investigation conducted in occupation deposits of the Neolithic site at Paliambela, in Northern Greece, which unusually comprises both a low tell and a flat/extended component. The analysis reveals relative sedimentary and stratigraphic similarity between the deposits broadly indicating similarities in the overall formational characteristics between the two parts of the site.
The holes problem in wireless sensor networks: a survey

Several anomalies can occur in wireless sensor networks that impair their desired functionalities i.e., sensing and communication. Different kinds of holes can form in such networks creating geographically correlated problem areas such as coverage holes, routing holes, jamming holes, sink/black holes and worm holes, etc. We detail in this paper different types of holes, discuss their characteristics and study their effects on successful working of a sensor network. We present state-of-the-art in research for addressing the holes related problems in wireless sensor networks and discuss the relative strengths and short-comings of the proposed solutions for combating different kinds of holes. We conclude by highlighting future research directions.
Effect of glutamate on lysosomal membrane permeabilization in primary cultured cortical neurons

Glutamate is the principal neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is the predominant cause of cerebral damage. Recent studies have shown that lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) is involved in ischemia-associated neuronal death in non-human primates. This study was designed to investigate the effect of glutamate on lysosomal stability in primary cultured cortical neurons. Glutamate treatment for 30 min induced the permeabilization of lysosomal membranes as assessed by acridine orange redistribution and immunofluorescence of cathepsin B in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of glutamate excitotoxicity by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and the calcium chelator ethylene glycolbis (2-aminoethylether)-N, N, N′, N′-tetraacetic acid, rescued lysosomes from permeabilization. The role of calpain and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in inducing LMP was also investigated. Ca2+ overload following glutamate treatment induced the activation of calpain and the production of ROS, which are two major contributors to neuronal death. It has been reported that lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) and heat shock protein (HSP)70 are two calpain substrates that promote LMP in cancer cells; however, it was found that calpains were activated by glutamate, but only LAMP2 was subsequently degraded. Furthermore, LMP was not alleviated by treatment with the calpain inhibitors calpeptin and SJA6017, which blocked the cleavage of the calpain substrate α-fodrin. It was demonstrated that LMP was significantly alleviated by treatment with the antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, indicating that LMP involvement in early glutamate excitotoxicity may be mediated partly by ROS rather than calpain activation. Overall, these data shed light on the role of ROS-mediated LMP in early glutamate excitotoxicity.
Addressing service interruptions in memory with thread-to-rank assignment

In future memory systems, some regions of memory will be periodically unavailable to the processor. In DRAM systems, this may happen because a rank is busy performing refresh. In non-volatile memory systems, this may happen because a rank is busy draining long-latency writes. Unfortunately, such service interruptions can introduce stalls in all running threads. This is because the operating system spreads the pages of a thread across all memory ranks. Therefore, the probability of a thread accessing data in an unavailable rank is high. This is a performance artifact that has previously not been carefully analyzed. To reduce these stalls, we propose a simple page coloring mechanism that tries to minimize the number of ranks over which a thread's pages are spread. This approach ensures that a service interruption in a single rank only stalls a subset of threads; non-stalled threads even have the potential to run faster at this time because of reduced bus contention. Our analysis shows that this approach is more effective than recent hardware-based mechanisms to deal with such service interruptions. For example, when dealing with service interruptions because of DRAM refresh, the proposed page coloring approach yields an execution time that is 15% lower than the best competing hardware approach.
Implications of Texture and Erodibility for Sediment Retention in Receiving Basins of Coastal Louisiana Diversions

Although the Mississippi River deltaic plain has been the subject of abundant research over recent decades, there is a paucity of data concerning field measurement of sediment erodibility in Louisiana estuaries. Two contrasting receiving basins for active diversions were studied: West Bay on the western part of Mississippi River Delta and Big Mar, which is the receiving basin for the Caernarvon freshwater diversion. Push cores and water samples were collected at six stations in West Bay and six stations in Big Mar. The average erodibility of Big Mar sediment was similar to that of Louisiana shelf sediment, but was higher than that of West Bay. Critical shear stress to suspend sediment in both West Bay and Big Mar receiving basins was around 0.2 Pa. A synthesis of 1191 laser grain size data from surficial and down-core sediment reveals that silt (4–63 μm) is the largest fraction of retained sediment in receiving basins, larger than the total of sand (>63 μm) and clay (<4 μm). It is suggested that preferential delivery of fine grained sediment to more landward and protected receiving basins would enhance mud retention. In addition, small fetch sizes and fragmentation of large receiving basins are favorable for sediment retention.
Target recognition method based on template matching in downward-looking infrared image

Automatic ground target recognition technology in downward-looking infrared imagery is challenging problems due to the complexity of real-world. A robust ground target recognition method is proposed for downward-looking infrared (DLIR) image sequences in this paper. A complete model of the proposed method is designed firstly and the principles of some key technologies are introduced as following. Perspective transformation is used to solve the projective problems of landmark translation, rotation and scale variance in real-time image sequence. The size of landmark is estimated real-timely by using flight parameters and imaging parameters for getting the model with an appropriate scale. Based on the matching results of landmark and flight parameters, target position technology is proposed to identify the position of target by using the position relation between landmark and target. Experimental results using real-world image data with complicated background showed that the proposed method not only causes high precisely locating results, but also has good robustness for target occlusion.
Neurotransmitter Regulation of Cellular Activation and Neuropeptide Gene Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus

Norepinephrine (NE), glutamate (Glu), and GABA have been identified as important neurotransmitters governing neuroendocrine mechanisms represented in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). Microinjection studies were used to compare the efficacy of these transmitter mechanisms in stimulating PVH output neurons. Local administration of NE provoked an increase in plasma corticosterone levels and Fos induction in the both the parvocellular and magnocellular divisions of the nucleus. This treatment also stimulated a robust increase in corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) heteronuclear (hn) RNA in the parvocellular PVH and a more subtle, although reliable, increase in arginine vasopressin (AVP) hnRNA in this same compartment. Local administration of the GABAAreceptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI) resulted in increased plasma corticosterone and, in contrast to NE treatment, Fos induction limited primarily to the parvocellular PVH. BMI elicited marked increases in both CRH and AVP hnRNAs within the parvocellular division of the nucleus. Over a wide range of concentrations, Glu failed to produce reliable increases in corticosterone secretion and induced only weak activational responses limited primarily to non-neurosecretory regions of the PVH. Local Glu administration did, however, provoke Fos induction in identified GABAergic neurons immediately adjoining the PVH, suggesting that the muted response to Glu may be a consequence of concurrent activation of local inhibitory interneurons. These results support a differential involvement of adrenergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms in regulating neurosecretory populations of the PVH and suggest that involvement of local circuit neurons must be carefully considered in the interpretation of microinjection studies.
A Bayesian Treatment of Social Links in Recommender Systems ; CU-CS-1092-12

Recommender systems are increasingly driving user experiences on the Internet. This personalization is often achieved through the factorization of a large but sparse observation matrix of user-item feedback signals. In instances where the user's social network is known, its inclusion can significantly improve recommendations for cold start users. There are numerous ways in which the network can be incorporated into a probabilistic graphical model. We propose and investigate two ways for including a social network, either as a Markov Random Field that describes a user similarity in the prior over user features, or an explicit model that treats social links as observations. State of the art performance is reported on the Flixster online social network dataset.
Arabic morphological analysis techniques: A comprehensive survey

After several decades of heavy research activity on English stemmers, Arabic morphological analysis techniques have become a popular area of research. The Arabic language is one of the Semitic languages; it exhibits a very systematic but complex morphological structure based on root-pattern schemes. As a consequence, survey of such techniques proves to be more necessary. The aim of this paper is to summarize and organize the information available in the literature in an attempt to motivate researchers to look into these techniques and try to develop more advanced ones. This paper introduces, classifies, and surveys Arabic morphological analysis techniques. Furthermore, conclusions, open areas, and future directions are provided at the end.
Effects of Faults, Experience, and Personality on Trust in a Robot Co-Worker

To design trustworthy robots, we need to understand the impact factors of trust: people's attitudes, experience, and characteristics; the robot's physical design, reliability, and performance; a task's specification and the circumstances under which it is to be performed, e.g. at leisure or under time pressure. As robots are used for a wide variety of tasks and applications, robot designers ought to be provided with evidence and guidance, to inform their decisions to achieve safe, trustworthy and efficient human-robot interactions. In this work, the impact factors of trust in a collaborative manufacturing scenario are studied by conducting an experiment with a real robot and participants where a physical object was assembled and then disassembled. Objective and subjective measures were employed to evaluate the development of trust, under faulty and non-faulty robot conditions, and the effect of previous experience with robots, and personality traits. Our findings highlight differences when compared to other, more social, scenarios with robotic assistants (such as a home care assistant), in that the condition (faulty or not) does not have a significant impact on the human's perception of the robot in terms of human-likeliness, likeability, trustworthiness, and even competence. However, personality and previous experience do have an effect on how the robot is perceived by participants, even though that is relatively small.
The Effects of Inclusive-Classroom Experience on Early Childhood Preservice Teachers' Self-Efficacy

This study examined preservice teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching children with disabilities to determine whether firsthand field experience in an inclusive setting influences preservice teachers’ self-efficacy. A total of 146 preservice teachers enrolled in an early childhood teacher education program in a suburban area in the U.S. Midwest participated in this study. The results revealed that the preservice teachers with firsthand field experience (attendance) in an inclusive classroom perceived themselves to be more efficacious than their counterparts. However, there were no significant effects of time spent at the inclusive setting and courses taken. The present study discusses educational implementation of firsthand experience into teacher preparation programs to enhance teacher effectiveness.
The Global Pairwise Approach to Radiation Hybrid Mapping

A new method for constructing maps from radiation hybrid data is proposed. It uses maximization of a pseudo-likelihood based on information from all marker pairs. The pseudo-likelihood is a relatively smooth function of the marker position, allowing us to use gradient-based computational tools. Multi-dimensional scaling is used to provide starting positions for the markers. The method is fully automatic, making it possible to nd a good map for a hundred markers in a few minutes. Information from anchor markers can also be incorporated in a natural way.
PRIMA-1met (APR-246) inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells with different p53 status through distinct mechanisms

PRIMA-1met (APR-246) is a methylated derivative and structural analog of PRIMA-1 (p53 re-activation and induction of massive apoptosis). PRIMA-1met has been reported to restore both the wild type (wt) structure and function of mutant p53. Here, we show that PRIMA-1met is highly effective at limiting the growth of CRC cells regardless of p53 status. However, PRIMA-1met induces robust apoptosis only in CRC cells with mutant p53. Upregulation of Noxa, a proapoptotic molecule, is crucial for PRIMA-1met mediated activity. In human xenograft model of disease, PRIMA-1met effectively suppresses CRC tumor growth. Our results uncover distinct mechanisms of PRIMA-1met in CRC with different p53 status, thus providing a mechanistic rationale to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PRIMA-1met in CRC patients with different p53 status.
Adaptive Semantic Indexing Of Documents For Locating Relevant Information In P2P Networks

Locating relevant information in Peer#to#Peer (P2P) system is a challenging problem. Conventional approaches use flooding to locate the content. It is no longer applicable due to massive information available upfront in the P2P systems. Sometime, it may not be even possible to return small percent of relevant content for a search if it is an unpopular content. In this paper, we present adaptive semantic P2P content indexed system. Content indices are generated using topical semantics of documents derived using Wordnet ontology. Similarities between document hierarchies are computed using information theoretic approach. It enables locating and retrieval of contents with minimum document movement, search space and nodes to be searched. Results illustrate that our work can achieve results better than Content Addressable Network (CAN) semantic P2P Information Retrieval (IR) system. Contrary to CAN semantic P2P IR system, we have used content aware and node aware bootstrapping instead of random bootstrapping of search process.
Data communication along the drill string using acoustic waves

A new method of wireless data telemetry in oil well services uses compressional acoustic waves to transmit data along the drill string. Coded wave trains are produced by an acoustic transducer, travel through the drill string and are subsequently decoded to recover the data. Normal drilling operations produce in-band acoustic noise at multiple sources at intensities comparable to the transducer output, while propagation through the long drill string further degrades the signal. We describe a theoretical channel model, and, based on this model, demonstrate that a single receiver system has a capacity of several hundred bits per second in such noisy drilling conditions. We analyze a two-receiver scheme that exploits the fact that the dominant noise source and the signal propagate in opposite directions. We show that with two receivers this dominant noise can be cancelled, which results in a significant improvement in capacity over the single receiver.
Virtual Machine Planning for Cloud Brokering Considering Geolocation and Data Transfer

This article addresses a virtual machine (VM) allocation problem that appears in a novel business model for cloud computing. In this model, a cloud service broker owns a number of cloud reserved instances that outsources to its customers as cheap as on-demand VMs. The objective of the broker is to efficiently manage its reserved resources to maximize its revenue. We enhance the previous definition of the problem by considering more realistic parameters: geographical localization of resources and users, different types of applications, and data transfer costs. We propose a set of heuristics to solve the optimization problem of maximizing the cloud provider profit while offering appropriate Quality-of-Service to the users. The experimental analysis is performed over different scenarios using real data from cloud providers.