Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Introduction to Communication in the Classroom: The Role of Communication in Teaching and Training

Preface. 1. The Nature of Communication. Defining Communication Components of the Instructional Communication Process Interpersonal Communication Process Some Important Distinctions 2. Communication Conceptions and Misconceptions. Words Have Meaning Communication is a Verbal Process Telling is Communicating Communication Will Solve All Our Problems Communication is a Good Thing The More Communication, the Better Communication Can Break Down Communication Competence Equals Communication Effectiveness 3. Getting Started. Communication Motivations Choice of Communication Partners The Acquaintance Process Levels of Communication 4. Common Classroom Communication Problems. Quietness Class and Group Size Rumor and Serial Communication The Nature of Schema Improving Listening and Retention Feedback Impact of Feedback 5. Communication and Learning Goals. Communication Goals Learning Objectives: A Communication Perspective 6. Selectivity and Communication. Selective Exposure Selective Attention Selective Perception Selective Retention Selective Recall 7. Teacher Images. Effects of Teacher Images Source Credibility Temperament Homophily Interpersonal Attraction Negative Images 8. Power in the Classroom. Bases of Power Sources of Power Levels of Influence Balancing Costs and Benefits Behavioral Alteration Techniques and Messages 9. Expectancies, Grouping, and Classroom Communication. Self-Fulfilling Prophecies Self-Esteem Expectancies and Grouping 10. Willingness to Communicate. The Willingness to Communicate Trait Special Constraints Correlates of Willingness to Communicate Effects of Low Willingness to Communicate 11. Communication Apprehension and Other Personality Variables. The Nature of Personality Common Personality Variables The Nature of Communication Apprehension Clarifying Distinctions Causes of Trait Communication Apprehension Effects of Communication Apprehension Preventing and Reducing CA Problems in the Classroom 12. Teacher Communication Traits and Student Perceptions. Teacher Communication Traits Student Perceptions and Student Realities 13. Teacher Behaviors: What Students Like and Dislike. Teacher Misbehaviors Student Perceptions in Intercultural Contexts 14. Nonverbal Communication in the Classroom. Nonverbal/Verbal Distinctions Nonverbal Message Categories Appendix A: Teacher and Trainer Communication Orientations. Appendix B: Student Perceptions of Teachers and Trainers.
fungal association in the Rhizosphere soil of some Pteridophytic plant species in Valparai Hills , Western Ghats of Tamilnadu ,

Copyright: © 2014 | Santhoshkumar and Nagarajan, This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial No Derivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. In the present study to investigate the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization in the rhizosphere soil of some pteridophyte plant species. Soil samples were collected during the month of September 2013 from the surface to 30 cm depth and pH was analyzed. Rhizosphere soil root of 12 pteridophytic plant species belonging to 7 families were investigated. The result showed that the mycorrhizal populations, such as Glomus species were found dominate followed by Acaulospora, Sclerocystis, Entrophospora and Gigaspora. The maximum spore population was found in the rhizosphere of Adiantum capillus-veneris (640.20 /100 g soil) belongs to the family Adiantaceae and the least spore population was observed in the Adiantum radianum (130.90 /100g of soil). The highest (81.36 %) AM fungal infection found in roots of Angiopteris evecta belongs to the family Angiopteridaceae. The lowest (21.11 %) AM fungal association was found in the root of Pteris biaurita belongs to the family Pteridaceae. In conclusion the AM fungi are associated with pteridophyte plants in naturally for beneficially both of them. AM fungal may be increase the yield of agricultural crops and soil fertility.
Tag Clusters as Information Retrieval Interfaces

The paper presents our design of a next generation information retrieval system based on tag co-occurrences and subsequent clustering. We help users getting access to digital data through information visualization in the form of tag clusters. Current problems like the absence of interactivity and semantics between tags or the difficulty of adding additional search arguments are solved. In the evaluation, based upon SERVQUAL and IT systems quality indicators, we found out that tag clusters are perceived as more useful than tag clouds, are much more trustworthy, and are more enjoyable to use.
First Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe Observations: Dark Energy Induced Correlation with Radio Sources

The first-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data, in combination with any one of a number of other cosmic probes, show that we live in a flat Λ-dominated cold dark matter (CDM) universe with Ωm ≈ 0.27 and ΩΛ ≈ 0.73. In this model the late-time action of the dark energy, through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, should produce cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies correlated with matter density fluctuations at z ≲ 2 (Crittenden & Turok 1996). The measurement of such a signal is an important independent check of the model. We cross-correlate the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) radio source catalog (Condon et al. 1998) with the WMAP data in search of this signal, and see indications of the expected correlation. Assuming a flat ΛCDM cosmology, we find ΩΛ > 0 (95% CL, statistical errors only) with the peak of the likelihood at ΩΛ = 0.68, consistent with the preferred WMAP value. A closed model with Ωm = 1.28, h = 0.33, and no dark energy component (ΩΛ = 0), marginally consistent with the WMAP CMB TT angular power spectrum, would produce an anticorrelation between the matter distribution and the CMB. Our analysis of the cross-correlation of the WMAP data with the NVSS catalog rejects this cosmology at the 3 σ level.
Junction-Level Thermal Analysis of 3-D Integrated Circuits Using High Definition Power Blurring

The degraded thermal path of 3-D integrated circuits (3DICs) makes thermal analysis at the chip-scale an essential part of the design process. Performing an appropriate thermal analysis on such circuits requires a model with junction-level fidelity; however, the computational burden imposed by such a model is tremendous. In this paper, we present enhancements to two thermal modeling techniques for integrated circuits to make them applicable to 3DICs. First, we present a resistive mesh-based approach that improves on the fidelity of prior approaches by constructing a thermal model of the full structure of 3DICs, including the interconnect. Second, we introduce a method for dividing the thermal response caused by a heat load into a high fidelity “near response” and a lower fidelity “far response” in order to implement Power Blurring high definition (HD), a hierarchical thermal simulation approach based on Power Blurring that incorporates the resistive mesh-based models and allows for junction-level accuracy at the full-chip scale. The Power Blurring HD technique yields approximately three orders of magnitude of improvement in memory usage and up to six orders of magnitude of improvement in runtime for a three-tier synthetic aperture radar circuit, as compared to using a full-chip junction-scale resistive mesh-based model. Finally, measurement results are presented showing that Power Blurring high definition (HD) accurately determines the shape of the thermal profile of the 3DIC surface after a correction factor is added to adjust for a discrepancy in the absolute temperature values.
ROAD DETECTION FROM LIDAR DATA USING SVM CLASSIFICATION

In this paper we present a new method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification to road detection from LiDAR data. For the purpose of evaluation potential of LiDAR data in road detection process, we used LiDAR data exclusively. Both first and last returns of range and intensity LiDAR data were used in this algorithm. First, SVM was used to classify the image into two classes. Then, the misclassified pixels were reduced with regarding to the road values in normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM) and Normalized Difference Index (NDI) layers. Final roads were obtained by performing the post processing stage including five steps. Mathematical morphology operators were used in post processing stage. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm works well. After Accuracy Assessment, 84.35% completeness, 71.61% correctness and 63.22% quality were achieved.
A relative time model in a distributed network using exchanged time information

In a distributed network, a great number of network applications, such as measurements of one-way delay, can be performed by measuring accurately synchronized clocks from different network computers. Due to the difference of frequency and time between different clocks, these clocks are not synchronized, so in one-way delay measurements between two computers there exists a relative time offset. S.B. Moon et al. (see Proc. INET 2000) and V. Paxson (see PhD Dissertation, U.C. Berkeley, 1997; Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS, p.11-21, 1998) directly analyze one-way delay measurements to remove measurement error. In our approach, the frequency and time information between computers' clocks is exchanged, and a relative clock model between two computer clocks can be established; based on the relative clock model, the measured delay timestamp is corrected, and so the one-way delay measurement is also corrected indirectly. Two groups of measured data in a local area network, and one group of one-way delay between Southeast University in China and AMS in Switzerland are analyzed to verify the relative clock model. The result shows that the relative clock model can describe the relative relationship between different computer clocks, and correct the measured error of one-way delay between computers.
SEEING THROUGH THE MIST: ABUNDANCE VERSUS PERCENTAGE. COMMENTARY ON METABOLITES IN SAFETY TESTING

Recent attention has been given to the potential roles that metabolites could play in safety evaluations of new drugs. In 2002, a proposal was published on “metabolites in safety testing” (“MIST”) [T. A. Baillie, M. N. Cayen, H. Fouda, R. J. Gerson, J. D. Green, S. J. Grossman, L. J. Klunk, B. LeBlanc, D. G. Perkins, and L. A. Shipley (2002) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 182:188–196], which suggested some guidelines regarding when it is necessary to provide greater assessment of the safety of metabolites. However, this proposal was based on relative abundance values, i.e., the percentage that a metabolite comprises of total exposure to drug-related material. In the present commentary, we propose that absolute abundance criteria be used rather than relative abundance. The absolute abundance of a metabolite in circulation or excreta in humans should be combined with other information regarding the chemical structure of the metabolite (e.g., similarity to the parent drug, presence of chemically reactive substituents) and potential mechanisms of toxicity (e.g., suprapharmacological effects, secondary pharmacological effects, nonspecific effects). Decision trees are described that can be used to address human metabolites in safety testing.
The semiperiphery of academic writing : discourses, communities and practices

Introduction - The Political and Economic Infrastructure of Academic Practice: The 'Semiperiphery' as a Category for Social and Linguistic Analysis Karen Bennett PART I: DISCOURSES IN TENSION 1. The Erosion of Portuguese Historiographic Discourse Karen Bennett 2. The Changing Face of Czech Academic Writing Olga Dontcheva-Navratilova 3. Academic Discourse Practices in Greece: Exploring the 'International Conference of Greek Linguistics' Dimitra Vladimirou 4. Teaching Academic Writing for the Global World in Poland: The ELF Perspective Anna Gonerko-Frej PART II: COMMUNITIES IN CONFLICT 5. Centre-periphery Relations in the Spanish Context: Temporal and Cross-disciplinary Variation Sally Burgess 6. Portuguese Academics' Attitudes to English as the Lingua Franca: A Case Study Rita Queiroz de Barros 7. Changing Research Writing Practices in Romania: Perceptions and Attitudes Mirela Bardi and Laura Muresan 8. Looking Back from the Centre: Experiences and Perspectives of Italian Academics Living/Working Abroad Raffaella Negretti PART III: PUBLICATION PRACTICES 9. Turkish Academic Culture in Transition: Centre-based State Policies and Semiperipheral Practices of Research, Publishing and Promotion Hacer Hande Uysal 10. English-medium Journals in Serbia: Editors' Perspectives Bojana Petri? 11. The Croatian Medical Journal: Success and Consequences Ana Marusi? and Matko Marusi? 12. The Academic Weblog as a Semiperipheral Genre Ma? gorzata Soko? Conclusion: Countering the Centripetal Forces in Academic Writing Karen Bennett
Contextual Effects on Sound Quality Judgements: Part II – Multi-Stimulus vs. Single Stimulus Method

In a previous pilot experiment (Part I), a single stimulus method was employed to evaluate contextual effects on sound quality judgements. In this investigation (Part II), a multi-stimulus comparison method was used to evaluate the potential influence of listening context on sound quality judgements. Audio quality was assessed, as before, in two differing audio environments: a left-hand drive vehicle and an ITU-R BS.1116-conformant listening room. Trained and untrained listeners compared and graded audio quality for four stimuli with degradations in the midfrequency range. No identified reference (anchor) was used in the listening test, providing the opportunity for the influence of the audio environment to be observed in the results. Contraction bias, which was caused by the single stimulus method, was not evident in the results of this second study. Additionally listeners were able to discriminate between differently degraded stimuli where this was not possible in the initial research. Some small contextual effects were observed, however biases resulting from the indirect context comparison make it difficult to draw substantial conclusions.
Deranged memory : a psychonomic study of the amnesic syndrome

of tlie Collegium Internationale NeuroPsycho-Pharmacologicum held in Washington, D. C, in March, 1966. It is an appropriate tribute to an international gathering of investigators, many of whom are leaders in the field. Included are contributions by about 350 authors; the majority are in English, but several are in French and German. All are of easily readable length and amply illustrated. They encompass a vast range of research topics divided into 14 symposia. In addition, the book includes the reports of nine sessions devoted to individual communications. Only a complete inventory of the contents could adequately reflect the extensive pursuit of a neurophysiological and biochemical explanation of behavior that is recorded in this publication. In addition to papers on research methodologies in psychopharmacology, and those which take cognizance of the difficulties encountered in trying to define clinical terms, there are sections on the effects of drugs on memory and learning: E.E.G. responses to drugs; the mechanisms of action of drugs at both the clinical and pharmacologic level; the effects of various agents and drug combinations; and drug abuse and dependence, to name a few. The interested reader will have little difficulty finding his way in this kaleidoscopic view of the field, since the organization of the material, and of the subject and author indices is extremely good. As can be expected in a large compendium of this nature, the contributions are not all equally impressive, but in the opinion of this reviewer, this is an excellent chronicle of recent and current work in an exciting area and should be on the shelves of all departments of psychiatry.
High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla

The human brainstem, which comprises a multitude of axonal nerve fibers and nuclei, plays an important functional role in the human brain. Depicting its anatomy non-invasively with high spatial resolution may thus in turn help to better relate normal and pathological anatomical variations to medical conditions as well as neurological and peripheral functions. We explored the potential of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7 T for depicting the intricate anatomy of the human brainstem in vivo by acquiring and generating images with multiple contrasts: T 2-weighted images, quantitative maps of longitudinal relaxation rate (R 1 maps) and effective transverse relaxation rate ([Formula: see text] maps), magnetic susceptibility maps, and direction-encoded track-density images. Images and quantitative maps were compared with histological stains and anatomical atlases to identify nerve nuclei and nerve fibers. Among the investigated contrasts, susceptibility maps displayed the largest number of brainstem structures. Contrary to R 1 maps and T 2-weighted images, which showed rather homogeneous contrast, [Formula: see text] maps, magnetic susceptibility maps, and track-density images clearly displayed a multitude of smaller and larger fiber bundles. Several brainstem nuclei were identifiable in sections covering the pons and medulla oblongata, including the spinal trigeminal nucleus and the reticulotegmental nucleus on magnetic susceptibility maps as well as the inferior olive on R 1, [Formula: see text], and susceptibility maps. The substantia nigra and red nuclei were visible in all contrasts. In conclusion, high-resolution, multi-contrast MR imaging at 7 T is a versatile tool to non-invasively assess the individual anatomy and tissue composition of the human brainstem.
Moving Beyond the Stigma: Systematic Review of Video Games and Their Potential to Combat Obesity

Increasing epidemic proportions of overweight children in the United States presents formidable challenges for education and healthcare. Given the popularity and pervasiveness of video gaming culture in North American children, the perfect opportunity arises to investigate the potential of video games to promote healthful behaviour. Our objective was to systematically review the literature for possible benefits of active and educational video games targeting diet and physical activity in children. A review of English-language journal articles from 1998 to 2011 using EMBASE and PubMed was conducted. Thirty-four studies concerned with children, video games, physical, and/or nutritional outcomes were included. Results of these studies that showed some benefit (increased physical activity and nutritional knowledge as a result of gaming) demonstrate the possibility of video games to combat childhood obesity—looking beyond the stigma attached to gaming.
Efficient query processing on spatial networks

A framework for determining the shortest path and the distance between every pair of vertices on a spatial network is presented. The framework, termed SILC, uses path coherence between the shortest path and the spatial positions of vertices on the spatial network, thereby, resulting in an encoding that is compact in representation and fast in path and distance retrievals. Using this framework, a wide variety of spatial queries such as incremental nearest neighbor searches and spatial distance joins can be shown to work on datasets of locations residing on a spatial network of sufficiently large size. The suggested framework is suitable for both main memory and disk-resident datasets.
Threaded Implants with an Oxidized Surface to Restore Posterior Teeth : 1-to 3-year Results of a Prospective Study

T loss of one or more teeth has always resulted in bone resorption, which can be influenced by many factors such as age, gender, osteoporosis, diabetes, smoking, previously lost implants, the type of prosthetic rehabilitation, the time that has been allowed to elapse before implant rehabilitation, and others.1 According to Wolff’s law, “bone architecture is modified with load, and bone density is proportional to mechanical solicitation”; therefore, one consequence of the loss of a tooth is a loss of functional stimuli on the alveolar bone.2 In the case of partial or total edentulism, the jawbone is not subjected to any endosseous demands, which would generate a positive internal stimulus (natural teeth and endosseous implants), but only extraosseous loading (eg, from a mucosa-supported denture), which generates an external compressive stimulus.3 The more time passes before implant rehabilitation, the less bone volume will be available for the insertion of implants of sufficient length and diameter to ensure a high implant success rate. It is important to bear in mind that the implant lengths of the original Brånemark et al protocol were established empirically, starting from experimentation on implants with machine-processed smooth surfaces.4 Today, it is well known that surface characteristics of the implants influence the healing of bone tissues5; it has been demonstrated that differently processed surfaces might lead to greater osseointegration and a higher percentage of bone-to-implant contact. 1 Associate Professor, University of Verona, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Verona, Italy. 2 Oral Surgery Resident, Institute of Oral Surgery and Dentistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. 3Private Practice, Mantua, Italy. 4 Maxillofacial Surgeon, University of Verona, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic, Verona, Italy.
Efficient code generation from synchronous programs

We present a new compilation technique for generating efficient code from synchronous programs. The main idea of our approach consists of computing for each program location an instantaneous statement (called a job) that has to be executed whenever the corresponding program location is active. Given the computed jobs, the overall execution scheme is highly flexible, very efficient, but nevertheless very simple: At each instant, it essentially consists of executing the set of active jobs according to their dynamic dependencies. Besides the required outputs, the execution of the jobs additionally yields the set of active threads for the next instant. As our translation directly follows the structure of the source code, the correctness of the translation can be easily checked by theorem provers. Furthermore, our translation scheme offers new potential for multi-processor execution, modular compilation, and multi-language code generation
Molecular Mechanisms of Lipoic Acid Protection against Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Responses in Broilers

Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) was evaluated in this study for its molecular mechanisms against liver oxidative damage and inflammatory responses induced by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Birds were randomly allocated into four groups with different diets for three weeks: a basal diet, a 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a basal diet, a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1, and 300 mg/kg α-LA supplementation in a diet containing 74 μg/kg AFB1. In the AFB1 group, the expression of GSH-PX mRNA was down-regulated (p < 0.05), and the levels of lipid peroxide and nitric oxide were increased (p < 0.05) in the chicken livers compared to those of the control group. Additionally, the mRNA level of the pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-6 was up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05), the protein expressions of both the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and the inducible nitric oxide synthase were enhanced significantly (p < 0.05) in the AFB1 group. All of these negative effects were inhibited by α-LA. These results indicate that α-LA may be effective in preventing hepatic oxidative stress, down-regulating the expression of hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as inhibiting NF-κB expression.