Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using saccades as a research tool in the clinical neurosciences

Saccades are rapid eye movements that move the line of sight between successive points of fixation; they are among the best understood of movements, possessing dynamic properties that are easily measured. Saccades have become a popular means to study motor control, cognition and memory, and are often used in conjunction with techniques such as functional imaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation. It has been possible to identify several, distinct populations of neurons, from brainstem to cerebral cortex, that contribute to behaviours ranging from reflexive glances to memorized sequences of saccades during learned tasks. This progress has led to the development of schemes for the neurobiology of saccades that imply an equivalence of a region of the brain with specific behaviours (e.g. prefrontal cortex with memory-guided saccades). In fact, multiple neuronal populations contribute to each type of saccadic behaviour, be it 'reflexive' or 'complex'. Furthermore, an important difference exists between cortical areas that encode visual stimuli or desired saccades over a population of neurons as 'place maps', and motoneurons in oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nuclei that dictate eye rotations in terms of their discharge rates. This dichotomy implies that a 'spatial-temporal transformation' of saccadic signals must occur between cerebral cortex and ocular motoneurons, to which the superior colliculus and cerebellum contribute. Consideration of such factors may broaden the value of saccades, which can be used to test a range of hypotheses, and provide a simple scheme for understanding clinical disorders of saccades; some illustrative video clips are available as supplementary material at Brain Online.
Generative Modeling of Coordination by Factoring Parallelism and Selectional Preferences

We present a unified generative model of coordination that considers parallelism of conjuncts and selectional preferences. Parallelism of conjuncts, which frequently characterizes coordinate structures, is modeled as a synchronized generation process in the generative parser. Selectional preferences learned from a large web corpus provide an important clue for resolving the ambiguities of coordinate structures. Our experiments of Japanese dependency parsing indicate the effectiveness of our approach, particularly in the domains of newspapers and patents.
New features in the CU-HTK system for transcription of conversational telephone speech

Discusses new features integrated into the Cambridge University HTK (CU-HTK) system for the transcription of conversational telephone speech. Major improvements have been achieved by the use of maximum mutual information estimation in training as well as maximum likelihood estimation; the use of a full variance transform for adaptation; the inclusion of unigram pronunciation probabilities; and word-level posterior probability estimation using confusion networks for use in minimum word error rate decoding, confidence score estimation and system combination. Improvements are demonstrated via performance on the NIST March 2000 evaluation of English conversational telephone speech transcription (Hub5E). In this evaluation the CU-HTK system gave an overall word error rate of 25.4%, which was the best performance by a statistically significant margin.
Digiti sonus: an interactive fingerprint sonification

Fingerprints are one of the most unique visual patterns on human body. It represents both innate and acquired identities of an individual. In this paper, we focus on relationship between fingerprint patterns and human identities by transforming image into audio. Digiti Sonus, an interactive fingerprint sonification installation, contains a novel idea to facilitate and enhance an interactive auditory meaning by transforming user-intended fingerprint expression into audio spectrogram. In order to enable personalized sonification, the installation employed dynamic filter generation based on minutiae extraction using core-invariant scanning method and image skeletonization.
Decidable Integration Graphs

Abstract Integration graphsare a computational model developed in the attempt to identify simple hybrid systems with decidable analysis problems. We start with the class ofconstant slope hybrid systems(CSHS), in which the right-hand side of all differential equations is an integer constant. We refer to continuous variables whose right-hand side constants are always 1 astimers. All other continuous variables are calledintegrators. The first result shown in the paper is that simple questions such as reachability of a given state are undecidable for even this simple class of systems. To restrict the model even further, we impose the requirement that no test that refers to integrators may appear within a loop in the graph. This restricted class of CSHS is calledintegration graphs. The main results of the paper are that the reachability problem of integration graphs is decidable for two special cases: the case of a single timer and the case of a single test involving integrators. The expressive power of the integration-graphs formalism is demonstrated by showing that some typical problems studied within the context of the calculus of durations and timed statecharts can be formulated as reachability problems for restricted integration graphs, and a high fraction of these fall into the subclasses of a single timer or a single test involving integrators.
Piezoelectric annular array for large depth of field photoacoustic imaging

A piezoelectric detection system consisting of an annular array is investigated for large depth of field photoacoustic imaging. In comparison to a single ring detection system, X-shaped imaging artifacts are suppressed. Sensitivity and image resolution studies are performed in simulations and in experiments and compared to a simulated spherical detector. In experiment an eight ring detection systems offers an extended depth of field over a range of 16 mm with almost constant lateral resolution.
(E)-2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6-styrylbenzoic acid

The title compound, C21H22O4, also known as cajanine, features an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the adjacent carboxy and hydroxy groups. The benzene rings make an interplanar angle of 175.4 (2)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by pairs of O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers.
'Imi Hale: establishing an inheritance for Native Hawaiians on cancer awareness, research and training.

Native Hawaiians experience disproportionate rates of cancer incidence and mortality both nationally and in their homeland, Hawai'i. 'Imi Hale--the Native Hawaiian Cancer Awareness, Research, and Training Project, a five-year project funded by the National Cancer Institute, is aimed at reducing the burden of cancer among Native Hawaiians. The project's overall goal is to reduce cancer incidence and mortality among Native Hawaiians through the establishment of a sustainable infrastructure to 1) promote cancer awareness within Native Hawaiian communities, and 2) initiate cancer research, training, and control activities. A community-based project, 'Imi Hale emphasizes community participation, respect for cultural values, and the sharing of information, as we believe that a commitment to involve Native Hawaiians in all activities of the project will help assure that the community's awareness, training, and research priorities are addressed. In the first year of operation, cancer awareness activities included the development of culturally sensitive booklets on breast cancer and the provision of cancer education and screening for members of the Association of the Hawaiian Civic Clubs. Research and training activities included focus groups to explore the perceptions and experiences of cancer survivors, surveys to assess research priorities, the identification of Native Hawaiian researchers and the development of pilot research projects. The work of 'Imi Hale is guided by the hope that Native Hawaiians can reverse the negative effects of cancer and leave a powerful legacy and inheritance for future generations based on good health and well-being. 'Imi Hale means "to establish, as a dynasty; to acquire authority, power; to seek and establish an inheritance for one's children; and to form a friendship so close that one feels welcome in the house of the other. " "By using our language for a name, we are invoking and honoring our ancestors, our culture, language and restoration as a nation. "
Distance Measure and Correlation Coefficient for Linguistic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Their Application

Jian GUAN, Dao ZHOU, Fanyong MENG School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China School of Science, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China e-mail: guan_jian@csu.edu. cn, zhoudao@csu.edu. cn, mengfanyongtjie@163.com
Long‐term outcome results of the first tandem autotransplant trial for multiple myeloma

Total Therapy 1, the first tandem autotransplant trial for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, was designed to increase the frequency of complete response (CR) and thereby extend survival. With a median follow‐up of 12 years, 62 of 231 initially enrolled patients are alive (17% at 15 years); 31 remain event free (7% at 15 years) including 16 of 94 (41%) that initially achieved CR. Currently alive patients less frequently had cytogenetic abnormalities (CAs) at baseline (P = 0·002), postenrolment (P < 0·001) and at relapse (P = 0·004); elevations of serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0·003) and lactate dehydrogenase (P = 0·029), anaemia (P = 0·029) and they more often completed two transplants within 12 months (P = 0·019). Postenrolment overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) were superior in the absence of CA of the hypodiploidy or deletion 13 variety (P < 0·001 and 0·037 respectively) and in the presence of low CRP at baseline (P = 0·001 and 0·017 respectively). Postrelapse survival was longer in the absence of CA at relapse (P < 0·001), IgA isotype (P = 0·002), International Staging System stage 3 (P = 0·014), and when patients had two protocol transplants prior to relapse (P = 0·038). Ten‐year EFS and OS could be accomplished in 15% and 33% of patients, respectively, when all agents available in 1989, especially high‐dose melphalan, were applied together upfront for the management of myeloma.
Normalization and Translation of XQuery

As XQuery is used in an increasing number of applications, the execution time of these queries becomes more important for the acceptance of this query language. Especially for queries where potentially large amounts of XML are processed, strategies to reduce the query processing time need to be applied. The first XQuery processors often implemented a number of heuristics for this purpose. As XQuery becomes more popular, specific storage and index structures as well as specialized execution strategies were implemented. Recently algebraic optimization techniques, as they are standard in relational databases, were used to build XQuery processors where optimizations are stated as algebraic equivalences, e.g. (Naughton et al., 2001; Jagadish et al., 2002; Fiebig et al., 2002; May et al., 2006; Ozcan et al., 2005; Nicola & van der Linden, 2005; Florescu et al., 2004; Boncz et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2005; Pal et al., 2005). This development is motivated by the ability (1) to apply ABSTRACT
POTSHARDS: Secure Long-Term Storage Without Encryption

Users are storing ever-increasing amounts of information digitally, driven by many factors including government regulations and the public's desire to digitally record their personal histories. Unfortunately, many of the security mechanisms that modern systems rely upon, such as encryption, are poorly suited for storing data for indefinitely long periods of time--it is very difficult to manage keys and update cryptosystems to provide secrecy through encryption over periods of decades. Worse, an adversary who can compromise an archive need only wait for cryptanalysis techniques to catch up to the encryption algorithm used at the time of the compromise in order to obtain "secure" data. To address these concerns, we have developed POTSHARDS, an archival storage system that provides long-term security for data with very long lifetimes without using encryption. Secrecy is achieved by using provably secure secret splitting and spreading the resulting shares across separately-managed archives. Providing availability and data recovery in such a system can be difficult; thus, we use a new technique, approximate pointers, in conjunction with secure distributed RAID techniques to provide availability and reliability across independent archives. To validate our design, we developed a prototype POTSHARDS implementation, which has demonstrated "normal" storage and retrieval of user data using indexes, the recovery of user data using only the pieces a user has stored across the archives and the reconstruction of an entire failed archive.
Writer identification based on graphology techniques

Herein, an innovative system biometric of specific writers' identification based on technical expert calligraphic and graphology on handwritten script is presented. It has been developed working in the off-line mode on a Spanish words image database, formed by 29 different individuals. All extractions of characteristics carried out on the images have been used for the identification and were carried out by means of the estimate of several elements objects using studies from The French Graphology School. They are commonly employed by handwriting experts in judicial matters. The success percentage achieved with five of these characteristics from this database of 29 writers is 99.34%. In new experimentation, with these same parameters and enlarging the database to 70 users, a success rate of 92% was reached.
Social Justice as Strategy: Connecting School Libraries, Collaboration, and IT

This article examines perceptions of social justice among a set of students undertaking a group research task in a New Jersey high school library. The purpose was for students to produce a coconstructed product that represented the negotiated understanding of their curriculum topic. The study involved 42 grade nine students in a language arts class focused on independent reading tasks emphasizing critical/reflective thinking, speaking, and independent learning skills as well as the effective use of research/knowledge construction strategies. The study used open-ended reflections and an asynchronous Google Docs–based environment to capture perceptions of the students’ collaborative processes and to examine collaborative knowledge-building dynamics and outcomes. This article proposes an action-level typology that maps the collective strategies used by students to negotiate socially just conditions during the collaborative process. The study also provides suggestions for and a methodological example of how social justice principles can be examined in information-intensive organizations.
Regulation of 2B4 (CD244)‐mediated NK cell activation by ligand‐induced receptor modulation

Natural killer (NK) cell activity can be stimulated by different surface receptors. 2B4 is a member of the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM)‐related receptor family and is important for stimulating human NK cell cytotoxicity and cytokine production. Here we show that stimulation of human NK cells by antibody‐mediated 2B4 cross‐linking or incubation with target cells expressing the 2B4 ligand CD48 results in a strong down‐modulation of 2B4 surface expression. This down‐modulation is observed in NK cell lines, purified human NK cells and NK cell clones, and is accompanied by an internalization of 2B4. The modulation of 2B4 is dependent on the activity of Src‐family kinases, but independent of PI3 K activity or actin polymerization. Inhibitory receptors can interfere with 2B4‐mediated signals and NK cell activation. However, co‐engagement of inhibitory killer cell Ig‐like receptors has no influence on the down‐modulation of 2B4. This suggests that the modulation of 2B4 expression is independent of inhibitory receptors. The lower surface expression of 2B4 after ligand‐induced down‐modulation results in reduced 2B4‐mediated NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. The modulation of activating surface receptors may therefore be another mechanism for the fine‐tuning of NK cell activity and may lead to the adaptation of NK cell cytotoxicity in tissues with high ligand expression.
Interactive Influences of Perceived Social Contexts on the Reading Achievement of Urban Middle Schoolers with Learning Disabilities

This study examined the effects of social influences in the lives of an ethnically diverse sample of fifth through eighth grade students with and without learning disabilities (LD) using survey data and academic achievement scores collected in 19 Chicago public schools from 1993–1997. Similarities and differences in student perceptions of school, family, and peer group contexts were examined. In addition, longitudinal data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to identify contextual influences on changes in student reading achievement over time. Comparisons of student responses confirm and extend existing findings in the literature concerning the perceptions of students with LD of their social environments. In particular, having a learning disability was associated with consistent, mostly negative, effects on social relations across the contexts of students’ lives, regardless of gender, race, grade, and socioeconomic status. In addition, student perceptions of their friendship groups were found to have small, but significant, effects on their growth in reading achievement over the course of middle school. While students with and without LD had somewhat different views of their social contexts, the processes working within these environments appeared to affect their reading achievement in similar ways. The results suggest that careful attention should be paid to the social contexts of students’ lives when planning academic interventions.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO RETENTIVE NON- EFFERVACENT FLOATING TABLET OF DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM

1 Lecturer, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mohi Ud Din Islamic Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, AJ&K. 2 Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha. 3 Asst. Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, Punjab University. 4 Lecturer Faculty of pharmacy University of Sargodha, Sargodha. 5 Production officer CCL Pharmacuticals pvt. Ltd. 6 Director Faculty of Pharmacy, Mohi ud din Islamic institute of pharmaceutical sciences, AJ&K. 7 Asst. Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mohi Ud Din Islamic Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, AJ&K.
Smart multi-modal marine monitoring via visual analysis and data fusion

Estuaries and coastal areas contain increasingly exploited resources that need to be monitored, managed and protected efficiently and effectively. This requires access to reliable and timely data and management decisions must be based on analysis of collected data to avoid or limit negative impacts. Visually supported multi-modal sensing and data fusion offer attractive possibilities for such arduous tasks. In this paper, we demonstrate how an in-situ sensor network can be enhanced with the use of contextual image data. We assimilate and alter a state-of-the-art background modelling technique from the image processing domain in order to detect turbidity spikes in water quality sensor measurements automatically. We then combine this with visual sensing to identify abnormal events that are not caused by local activities. The system can potentially assist those charged with monitoring large scale ecosystems, combining real-time analytics with improved efficiency and effectiveness.
Bulimia nervosa in adolescents: a new therapeutic frontier

Enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) is the first-line treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) in adulthood. There is limited evidence for therapies for children and adolescents with BN; however family-based treatment (FBT) is being increasingly used. This case study contrasts the delivery of FBT with an augmented version (CBT-E) in two adolescents presenting with BN. In both cases, the adolescents achieved remission from BN symptoms, (cessation of bingeing and compensatory behaviour) at the end of treatment. The families reported that FBT provided a platform for them to work together and view BN as a family issue, rather than leaving the onus on the young person to recover independently. The addition of CBT-E strategies assisted with managing cognitions associated with bodyweight and shape concerns and appeared to be useful in a more complex presentation with comorbidities. Future research should examine the effectiveness of augmenting CBT-E strategies to FBT using larger samples and more rigorous research designs. Practitioner points Involving families in the treatment of adolescent BN is both effective and acceptable to young people and their families. Two promising treatment approaches, FBT-BN and CBT-E, can effectively be combined to provide a therapy which has the strengths of both modalities alone. Adolescents with comorbidities or complex presentations may benefit most from combining the two modalities to develop additional skills and strategies.
A preliminary study of the mean scatterer spacing estimation from pellets using wavelet-based cepstral analysis

Ultrasonic backscatteredsignals contain information regarding the scatterer structures of the imaged biological tissues; a uniform scatterer distribution could be represented by periodicities in the backscattered signals. This work aims to characterize these scatterer periodicities using wavelet improved cepstral analysis. This technique was tested on simulated ultrasound signals, where the periodicity was clearly visible. Simulation results indicate that this technique can effectively determine the value of the scatterer spacing. The technique was then tested on a HT-29 cell pellet, where the estimated scatterer spacing was found to be 17.67 ± 3.85 μm. Future work includes improving the technique with the aim of accurately estimating the mean scatterer spacing in tissues.
Recovering epipolar geometry by reactive tabu search

In this paper we propose a new approach to recovering epipolar geometry from a pair of uncalibrated images. We first detect the feature points. By minimizing a proposed cost function, we match the feature points, discard the outliers and recover the epipolar geometry in one step. Experiments on real images show that this approach is effective and fast.
Towards grasping in unstructured environments: grasper compliance and configuration optimization

This paper examines the role of grasper compliance and kinematic configuration in environments where object size and location may not be well known. A grasper consisting of a pair of two-link planar fingers with compliant revolute joints was simulated as it passively deflected during contact with a target object. The kinematic configuration and joint stiffness values of the grasper were varied in order to maximize successful grasp range and minimize contact forces for a wide range of target object size. Joint rest angles around 25–45 degrees produced near-optimal results if the stiffness of the base joint was much smaller than the intermediate joint, as confirmed experimentally.