Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical and psychological characteristics of the initial cohort of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN).

OBJECTIVE The purpose was to describe clinical, cognitive, and personality characteristics at baseline assessment of 249 participants, 19 to 60 years of age, in a multinational longitudinal study of autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease (ADAD). METHOD Participants (74% cognitively normal) were from ADAD families with mutations in 1 of 3 genes (APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2). Mixed model analyses, including family as a random variable and controlling for years from expected time of symptomatic onset of ADAD based on parental age at onset, compared 3 groups (cognitively normal mutation noncarriers, cognitively normal mutation carriers, very mildly impaired mutation carriers). RESULTS Global cognitive deficits similar to those observed in late-life sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) existed in very mild ADAD compared with cognitively normal carriers and noncarriers on all but 2 measures (Digit Span Backward, Letter Fluency for FAS) of episodic memory, semantic memory, working memory, attention, and speeded visuospatial abilities. Demented individuals were less extraverted, open, and conscientious than cognitively normal participants on the International Personality Item Pool. Differences in the relation between 3 measures (Logical Memory, Digit Symbol, attention switching) and time to expected age at symptomatic onset indicate that cognitive deficits on some measures can be detected in mutation carriers prior to symptomatic AD, and hence should be useful markers in subsequent longitudinal follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Overall cognitive and personality deficits in very mild ADAD are similar to those seen in sporadic AD. Cognitive deficits also occur in asymptomatic mutation carriers who are closer to the expected time of dementia onset.
Integration of Heterogeneous Context Resources in Ubiquitous Environments

Ubiquitous environments provide families of context-aware applications that are capable of exploiting the user mobility as well as the device variability. Typically, these applications retrieve context information from local and remote providers and react accordingly to the detected variations. However, this must be done by considering the heterogeneity of devices and protocols found in ubiquitous environments. Unfortunately, although the context integration represents a keystone of context-aware systems, existing approaches in the literature fail to integrate the diversity of context sources in a standard and flexible way. Therefore, in this paper, we overcome this challenge by introducing resource-oriented bindings into the SCA (Service Component Architecture) model. This new kind of bindings follows the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) principles and leverages the provision of context as RESTful resources. A smart home scenario that highlights challenges in terms of integration in ubiquitous environments motivates the use of our approach.
Molecular characterization of a gene that confers 2‐deoxyglucose resistance in yeast

We have isolated a gene whose expression enables yeast cells to overcome the inhibition of growth produced by the presence of 2‐deoxyglucose. The gene contains an open reading frame of 738 bp that may code for a protein of 27 100 Da. Cells carrying this gene contain high levels of a specific 2‐deoxyglucose‐6‐phosphate phosphatase. The expression of this phosphatase is increased by the presence of 2‐deoxyglucose and is constant along the growth curve. The sequence reported here has the GenBank accession number U03107.
An fMRI Study of the Activation of the Hippocampus by Emotional Memory

ABSTRACT The current study examined the role of the hippocampus in emotional memory encoding using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The present study examined the activation patterns of 12 healthy participants who were associated with memory for words and pictures with moderately high emotional tone. Results revealed significant activation in the temporal and frontal lobes for emotional and neutral stimuli. There was greater activation in the left hippocampus for emotional words and the right hippocampus for emotional pictures. However, a separate analysis of gender suggested that the emotional responses of the women accounted for the activation of the hippocampus; men did not have a pattern of hippocampus activation consistent with the type of stimuli. These findings have important implications for the design of a clinical memory assessment using fMRI.
International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens.

The objectives, organization structure, and activities of the newly established International Commission for Protection against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens (I.C.P.E.M.C.) are presented. The purpose of this commission is to evaluate current knowledge and establish priorities for research and regulatory action concerning substances and situations that may result in significant genotoxic damage to humans. Chemicals/CAS: Carcinogens, Environmental; Mutagens
Equiangular Kernel Dictionary Learning with Applications to Dynamic Texture Analysis

Most existing dictionary learning algorithms consider a linear sparse model, which often cannot effectively characterize the nonlinear properties present in many types of visual data, e.g. dynamic texture (DT). Such nonlinear properties can be exploited by the so-called kernel sparse coding. This paper proposed an equiangular kernel dictionary learning method with optimal mutual coherence to exploit the nonlinear sparsity of high-dimensional visual data. Two main issues are addressed in the proposed method: (1) coding stability for redundant dictionary of infinite-dimensional space, and (2) computational efficiency for computing kernel matrix of training samples of high-dimensional data. The proposed kernel sparse coding method is applied to dynamic texture analysis with both local DT pattern extraction and global DT pattern characterization. The experimental results showed its performance gain over existing methods.
Long-term surgical anaesthesia with isoflurane in human habituated Nile Crocodiles

A suitable long-term anaesthetic technique was required for implantation of physiological sensors and telemetric devices in sub-adult Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) to allow the collection of physiological data. Five Nile crocodiles with a median body mass of 24 kg were used. After manual capture, they were blindfolded and 0.2 mL (1 mg/mL) medetomidine was administered intramuscularly in four of the animals which had an estimated body mass between 20 kg and 30 kg. One crocodile with an estimated body mass of 50 kg received 0.5 mL. For induction, 5 mL propofol (10 mg/mL) was injected intravenously into the occipital sinus. Additional doses were given when required to ensure adequate anaesthesia. Anaesthesia was maintained with 1.5% isoflurane. Ventilation was controlled. Local anaesthesia was administered for surgical incision and external placement of the radio transmitter. Medetomidine was antagonised with atipamezole at the end of surgery. Median heart rate during surgery was 22 beats/min, at extubation 32 beats per min and 30 beats per min the following day at the same body temperature as under anaesthesia. Median body temperature of the animals increased from 27.3 °C to 27.9 °C during anaesthesia, as room temperature increased from 24.5 °C to 29.0 °C during surgery. Anaesthesia was successfully induced with intramuscular medetomidine and intravenous propofol and was maintained with isoflurane for the placement of telemetric implants. Intraoperative analgesia was supplemented with lidocaine infiltration. Perioperative physiological parameters remained stable and within acceptable clinical limits. Multiple factors appear to influence these variables during the recovery period, including residual anaesthetic effects, environmental temperature and physical activity.
Prototyping robot appearance, movement, and interactions using flexible 3D printing and air pressure sensors

We present a method for rapidly prototyping interactive robot skins using flexible 3D printed material and analogue air pressure sensors. We describe a set of building blocks for presenting affordances for different manipulations (twist, bend, stretch, etc.). Each building block is a hollow air chamber that can be printed as an integral part of the skin to easily add sensing capabilities over any broad area. Changes in volume caused by manipulating the chambers are captured using air pressure sensors; the sensors can be plugged in and removed, allowing rapid iteration on new designs. We demonstrate our method by prototyping three robot skins that attach to the Keepon Pro armature. With fully operational robot skins, we can study the dependencies between appearance, movement, and interactions at a deeper level than would previously be possible at the concept stage.
Fast seismic imaging for marine data

Seismic imaging can be formulated as a linear inverse problem where a medium perturbation is obtained via minimization of a least-squares misfit functional. The demand for higher resolution images in more geophysically complex areas drives the need to develop techniques that handle problems of tremendous size with limited computational resources. While seismic imaging is amenable to dimensionality reduction techniques that collapse the data volume into a smaller set of “super-shots”, these techniques break down for complex acquisition geometries such as marine acquisition, where sources and receivers move during acquisition. To meet these challenges, we propose a novel method that combines sparsity-promoting (SP) solvers with random sub-set selection of sequential shots, yielding a SP algorithm that only ever sees a small portion of the full data, enabling its application to very large-scale problems. Application of this technique yields excellent results for a complicated synthetic, which underscores the robustness of sparsity promotion and its suitability for seismic imaging.
Concept of Unimodal and Multimodal Biometric System

A uni-modal biometric systems have a variety of problems such as noisy data, non-universality, spoof attacks and unacceptable error rate. These limitations can be solved by deploying multimodal biometric systems. Multimodal biometric systems utilize two or more individual modalities, like face, iris, retina and fingerprint. Multimodal biometric systems improve the recognition accuracy more than uni-modal methods. In this paper, two uni-modal biometrics, iris and fingerprint are used as multi-biometrics and show using this biometrics has good result with high accuracy. The newly perposed method perfoms best among the studied biometrics.
The Applicability of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Assessing Chromium Induced Toxicity in the Fish Labeo rohita

The evaluation of metal's toxicity in freshwater is one of the imperative areas of research and there is an emergent concern on the development of techniques for detecting toxic effects in aquatic animals. Oxidative stress biomarkers are very useful in assessing the health of aquatic life and more in depth studies are necessary to establish an exact cause effect relationship. Therefore, to study the effectiveness of this approach, a laboratory study was conducted in the fish Labeo rohita as a function of hexavalent chromium and the toxicity indices using a battery of oxidative stress biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) in the liver, muscle, gills, and brain have been studied along with biometric parameters, behavioral changes, and Cr bioaccumulation. A significant increased HSI was observed in contrast to CF which reduced significantly. SOD, CAT, and GR activity increased significantly in all the tissues of treated fishes. The bioaccumulation of Cr was highest in liver followed by gills, muscle, and brain. This study highlights the significance of using a set of integrated biomarker and advocate to include these parameters in National Water Quality Monitoring Program in areas potentially polluted with metals to assess the health of the ecosystem.
Education in Palestine

hands of a Government Department of Education which, in the words of its official report (1929-30), "fulfills a triple function. In the first place, it supervises education in general, advises the Central and District Government authorities, inspects schools, Government and non-Government, distributes grants in aid, collects and co'lates statistical information, and conducts, controls, and supervises examinations. Next, it administers and maintains out of public funds the schools of the Arab system, known as Government schools, employing therefor a considerable staff of teachers. Lastly, it controls by inspection and otherwise the Jewish public system to which a block grant in aid1 is assigned from public revenues. " The department of education is administered by: one director; one deputy director; one supervisor of technical education; one principal, Government Arab College; one principal,
The DET curve in assessment of detection task performance

Abstract : We introduce the DET Curve as a means of representing performance on detection tasks that involve a tradeoff of error types. We discuss why we prefer it to the traditional ROC Curve and offer several examples of its use in speaker recognition and language recognition. We explain why it is likely to produce approximately linear curves. We also note special points that may be included on these curves, how they are used with multiple targets, and possible further applications.
Exact Generalization of Finite-State Transductions : Application to Grapheme-to-Phoneme Transcription

We present two methods for building a nite-state transducer which generalizes a nitestate transduction to any word on a given alphabet. The methods are exact in the sense that the inferred transducer coincides on the inputs for which the initial function is de ned. We apply the methods to the problem of grapheme-to-phoneme transcription. In this case, the initial function is given in the form of an aligned letters{phonemes dictionary. The generalized function gives a phonetic transcription for words not in the dictionary based on its similarity to other words. In addition, for this problem, the generalization could be represented more compactly than the initial dictionary. This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonpro t educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories of Cambridge, Massachusetts; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories. All rights reserved. Copyright c Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, 1995 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Competition and the Structure of Industrial Society: Reply to Braithwaite

criminogenic. And we can consider the possibilities that republican capitalism and republican socialism, ideologies that value citizenship, are culturally resistant o white-collar crime. Republican citizenship means, among other things, sanctioning the achievement of productive goals by socially responsible means. It is cultural commitments to being a good citizen of the game that matter, whether the game is competition in a free market, successful completion of centrally planned objectives, or the attainment of goals agreed on from below in an industrial democracy. To the extent that societies sow the single-minded pursuit of ideologically charged ends-profit under capitalism, five-year plans under state socialism-they will reap a rich harvest of white-collar crime.
SPATIAL REGRESSION AND SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN INDONESIA IN 2022

Poverty remains a solemn challenge in Indonesia although the country has made significant progress in recent decades. Even though the government's efforts and various poverty alleviation programs have been carried out, the majority of Indonesia’s population lives below the poverty line. This research aims to examine variables that influence Indonesia's poverty rate by Province in 2022 using spatial regression analysis and spatial autocorrelation. The secondary data used comes from 34 Provinces in Indonesia and is obtained based on the results of publications by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The dependent variable is the percentage of poor people (P0), while the independent variables include average lenght of school (RLS), life expectancy (AHH), open unemployment rate (TPT), and Gini Ratio. The analytical methods used include descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and spatial regression analysis. It is hoped that this research can provide relevant policy recommendations for developing poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia.
A Novel Landmark Detector System for Multi Resolution Frontal Faces

In this paper, we implement a facial landmarking system to improve the performance of landmark location accuracy for the tree-structured based facial detector proposed recently by Zhu and Ramanan. Our main objective is to overcome their limitation where very small faces could not be detected and landmarked. Furthermore, we also want to improve the landmarking accuracy and reduce false positive rate for facial images with various resolutions in one image. We achieve these aims by developing two separate tree-structured face models in an integrated system. The first one is the Multi Resolution (MR) models where it can detect faces on images of any resolution and further provide suitable number of landmarks. The second one is that we develop a Tree-structured Filter Model (TFM) which can reduce false positives quickly to avoid high processing time for multiple faces with different resolutions in one image. Finally, we combine these 2 models with Viola-Jones face detector to create a facial landmarking system. Our experiments show that our proposed models can detect small faces down to 30x30 pixels. Furthermore, our models can improve the landmarking accuracy as well as reduce false positive rates significantly.
Lovastatin Protects against Experimental Plague in Mice

Background Plague is an ectoparasite-borne deadly infection caused by Yersinia pestis, a bacterium classified among the group A bioterrorism agents. Thousands of deaths are reported every year in some African countries. Tetracyclines and cotrimoxazole are used in the secondary prophylaxis of plague in the case of potential exposure to Y. pestis, but cotrimoxazole-resistant isolates have been reported. There is a need for additional prophylactic measures. We aimed to study the effectiveness of lovastatin, a cholesterol-lowering drug known to alleviate the symptoms of sepsis, for plague prophylaxis in an experimental model. Methodology Lovastatin dissolved in Endolipide was intraperitoneally administered to mice (20 mg/kg) every day for 6 days prior to a Y. pestis Orientalis biotype challenge. Non-challenged, lovastatin-treated and challenged, untreated mice were also used as control groups in the study. Body weight, physical behavior and death were recorded both prior to infection and for 10 days post-infection. Samples of the blood, lungs and spleen were collected from dead mice for direct microbiological examination, histopathology and culture. The potential antibiotic effect of lovastatin was tested on blood agar plates. Conclusions/Significance Lovastatin had no in-vitro antibiotic effect against Y. pestis. The difference in the mortality between control mice (11/15; 73.5%) and lovastatin-treated mice (3/15; 20%) was significant (P<0.004; Mantel-Haenszel test). Dead mice exhibited Y. pestis septicemia and inflammatory destruction of lung and spleen tissues not seen in lovastatin-treated surviving mice. These data suggest that lovastatin may help prevent the deadly effects of plague. Field observations are warranted to assess the role of lovastatin in the prophylaxis of human plague.
Influence of Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors on the Function of the Prostaglandin Transporter Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide 2A1 Expressed in Human Gastroduodenal Mucosa

The human organic anion-transporting polypeptide 2A1 (OATP2A1) is a prostaglandin transporter expressed in several tissues and plays an important role for local distribution of prostaglandins, which contribute to the integrity of gastric mucosa. Blockade of prostaglandin pathways by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors has been associated with serious side effects such as gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding. However, little is known regarding OATP2A1 expression in the upper gastrointestinal tract and the potential impact of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on OATP2A1 function. We first investigated the expression of OATP2A1 mRNA and protein in human gastroduodenal mucosa using human biopsy specimens obtained from antrum, corpus, and duodenum. The results indicate that OATP2A1 is expressed in the neck region and deep pyloric glands of antrum and in parietal cells of gastric corpus. Second, we examined various COX inhibitors for their effects on OATP2A1 transporter activity. Using HEK293 cells expressing OATP2A1, we found that diclofenac and lumiracoxib are potent inhibitors of OATP2A1-mediated transport of prostaglandin (PG) E2 with IC50 values of 6.2 ± 1.2 and 3.1 ± 1.2 μM. In contrast, indomethacin, ketoprofen, and naproxen led to significant stimulation of OATP2A1-mediated PGE2 transport by 162.7 ± 13.9, 77.2 ± 3.6, and 32.3 ± 4.9%, respectively. Taken together, our results suggest that various clinically used COX inhibitors have differential impact on the function of the prostaglandin transporter OATP2A1 in human stomach and that these effects may contribute to differences in the gastrointestinal side effects of COX inhibitors.
A Computational Framework for Electrical Stimulation of Vestibular Nerve

The vestibular organs are very important to generate reflexes critical for stabilizing gaze and body posture. Vestibular diseases significantly reduce the quality of life of people who are affected by them. Some research groups have recently started developing vestibular neuroprostheses to mitigate these symptoms. However, many scientific and technological issues need to be addressed to optimise their use in clinical trials. We developed a computational model able to mimic the response of human vestibular nerves and which can be exploited for “in-silico” testing of new strategies to design implantable vestibular prostheses. First, a digital model of the vestibular system was reconstructed from anatomical data. Monopolar stimulation was delivered at different positions and distances from ampullary nerves. The electrical potential induced by the injected current was computed through finite-element methods and drove extra-cellular stimulation of fibers in the vestibular, facial, and cochlear nerves. The electrical activity of vestibular nerves and the resulting eye movements elicited by different stimulation protocols were investigated. A set of electrode configurations was analyzed in terms of selectivity at increasing injected current. Electrode position along the nerve plays a major role in producing undesired activity in other nontargeted nerves, whereas distance from the fiber does not significantly affect selectivity. Indications are provided to minimize misalignment in nonoptimal electrode locations. Eye movements elicited by the different stimulation protocols are calculated and compared to experimental values, for the purpose of model validation.