Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of a gene for mouse eucaryotic elongation factor Tu during murine erythroleukemic cell differentiation

The eucaryotic elongation factor Tu (eEF-Tu) is a single polypeptide with an approximate Mr of 53,000. During protein synthesis eEF-Tu promotes the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome. To study the expression of the gene(s) for this factor, a genomic clone was isolated that contains a mouse eEF-Tu gene. We screened a phage genomic library with a synthetic oligonucleotide probe complementary to a region of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Artemia sp. eEF-Tu genes which codes for an area that is highly conserved between both yeast and Artemia sp. eEF-Tu. From approximately 75,000 phage plaques we obtained five isolates with apparently identical inserts. All five clones contained a 3.8-kilobase EcoRI fragment that hybridized to additional oligonucleotide probes corresponding to different conserved regions of eEF-Tu. We sequenced the 5' end of one genomic clone and determined the length of the cloned fragment that was protected by eEF-Tu mRNA in S1 nuclease protection assays. A quantitative S1 nuclease protection assay was used to compare the relative steady-state levels of eEF-Tu mRNA in total mRNA in total RNA isolated from hexamethylene-bisacetamide-induced murine erythroleukemia cells. The results show a dramatic reduction in the steady-state level of eEF-Tu mRNA as differentiation proceeds. A similar reduction in transcription of eEF-Tu mRNA was observed in isolated nuclei. Finally, we examined the in vivo synthesis of eEF-Tu during differentiation and found that it declined in a manner parallel to the decline in the steady-state level of eEF-Tu mRNA. In addition, we have isolated and sequenced a cDNA clone for mouse eEF-Tu. The derived amino acid sequence is compared with sequences from other eucaryotes.
Where Grass Has No Roots: The Concept of ‘Shared Strategic Communication’ as an Answer to Unethical Astroturf Lobbying

ABSTRACT As researchers pursue connections between strategic communication and management, they need to critique practices to develop norms that increase strategic communication’s long-term contribution to society. Norms of strategic communication are shaped by socially constructed standards of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and guide how strategic communication fosters organization-public relationships (OPR). Such norms are particularly important regarding deliberative strategic communication, which uses political CSR to guide corporations’ political role. Although principles of OPR and political CSR should foster more ethical strategic communication, some practices weaken such standards. To make that case, this article (1) reviews the historical foundations of deliberative discourse, (2) examines principles of OPR and political CSR, and (3) applies normative principles of deliberative discourse (4) to critique three cases of strategic political communication, known as astroturf lobbying, a deceptive lobbying practice that undermines and fakes grassroots movements. We conclude by integrating the findings into theory building that shifts CSR outcomes from advantaging individual organizations adding value to society. This theme uses ‘creating shared value’ to advocate shared strategic communication. This notion includes the normative claims of political CSR (open discourse, participation, transparency, accountability) to arrive at shared strategic communication that supports the ‘good’ organization and society simultaneously.
Impact of denervation‐induced muscle atrophy on housekeeping gene expression in mice

Introduction: Immobilization induced by experimental denervation leads to rapid and progressive alterations in structural and biochemical properties of skeletal muscle. Real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is a popular method of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy. Identification of suitable reference genes that are not affected by experimental conditions is a critical step in accurate normalization of real‐time RT‐PCR. Methods: We investigated the impact of denervation‐induced muscle atrophy for 2 weeks on the expression of common housekeeping genes. Results: Denervation differentially affected the expression levels of these genes. RefFinder software identified TATA box binding protein (Tbp) as the most stable gene and showed that the stability of glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh) and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) genes was low, even though they are widely used for normalization. Conclusions: The appropriate reference gene for normalization of genes of interest in denervated muscle is Tbp. Muscle Nerve 51: 276–281, 2015
Key factors for implementing supported employment.

OBJECTIVE This study examined strategies and barriers for implementing supported employment in routine mental health services. METHODS Qualitative and fidelity data from a two-year period (2002-2004) were examined for nine sites participating in the National Evidence-Based Practices Project. RESULTS At baseline, none of the sites were providing high-fidelity supported employment. However, by the two-year follow-up, eight of the nine sites successfully implemented high-fidelity programs. Three factors, leadership, mastery, and attitudes, were identified as strongly influencing the implementation (both positively and negatively) across the nine sites. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate the need for strong leadership on both the administrative and program levels, an in-depth understanding of the nature and level of training and consultation needed for program leaders and employment specialists, and the value of hiring staff with clinical or business skills. The study also demonstrated that employing staff who doubt and challenge the evidence-based model slows down the implementation process, suggesting the critical role of hiring staff who believe in recovery and supported employment principles.
CCL2/CCR2-Dependent Recruitment of Th17 Cells but Not Tc17 Cells to the Lung in a Murine Asthma Model

Background: Interleukin (IL)-17 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and the progression of airway inflammation. Here, we used a model of allergic asthma and found that the frequencies of IL-17-secreting T helper (Th)17 and CD8 (Tc)17 cells were both significantly increased, as was the expression of the CC chemokine receptor (CCR2) on the surface of these cells. CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) has been shown to mediate the activation and recruitment of inflammatory cells in asthma, which are also skewed after ovalbumin (OVA) challenge. However, the role of CCL2 on Th17 cells and Tc17 cells in asthma has not been illuminated. Methods: Mice that were sensitized and challenged with OVA received anti-CCL2 antibody (Ab; 5 μg/day intratracheally) or CCR2 antagonist (RS504393, 2 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) prior to the challenge. Some mice received an isotype control Ab or vehicle alone. We then assessed the effects of allergic asthma and anti-CCL2 Ab or CCR2 antagonist treatment on the levels of IL-17 and CCL2, the Th17 and Tc17 cell frequencies and lung tissue inflammation. Results: We demonstrated that CCL2 and IL-17 levels and the frequency of Th17 and Tc17 cells in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased in the asthma group compared with the normal control mice. Blocking the CCL2/CCR2 axis greatly reduced the Th17 but not the Tc17 cell frequency, and revealed a suppressive effect on airway inflammation. Conclusion: These findings indicate a role for the CCL2/CCR2 axis in mediating Th17 but not Tc17 cell migration during acute allergic airway inflammation.
The effect of chemotherapeutic agents on titanium-adherent biofilms.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of different chemotherapeutic agents on biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study used a recently described biofilm model. In experiment 1, Streptococcus mutans biofilms grown on titanium discs were treated with (1) EDTA, (2) citric acid (CA), (3) cetylpyridium chloride, (4) Ardox-X, (5) hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2) ), (6) chlorhexidine (CHX) and (7) water. In experiment 2, polymicrobial biofilms were treated with (1) CA, (2) Ardox-X, (3) H(2) O(2) , (4) Ardox-X followed by CA, (5) H(2) O(2) followed by CA, (6) CHX and (7) water. Aliquots of the suspended biofilms were plated and incubated anaerobically to enable counts of the total remaining viable bacteria, which were expressed as CFUs. Following incubation, the amount of protein remaining in the treated S. mutans biofilms was quantified to assess the removal potency of each treatment agent. RESULTS H(2) O(2) , Ardox-X and CA killed significantly more S. mutans compared with the other treatments. H(2) O(2) and CA removed significantly more protein than water. CA and the combination treatments were significantly more effective against the polymicrobial biofilms than CHX, H(2) O(2) and Ardox-X. The difference in the killing efficacy between CA alone and the combination treatments was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Among the chemicals tested, CA demonstrated the greatest decontamination capacity with respect to both the killing and the removal of biofilm cells. This combination of effects is clinically desirable because it promotes biocompatibility and healing around a previously contaminated implant surface. These results should, however, be validated in in vivo studies.
Rescuing discarded spectra: Full comprehensive analysis of a minimal proteome

A common problem encountered when performing large‐scale MS proteome analysis is the loss of information due to the high percentage of unassigned spectra. To determine the causes behind this loss we have analyzed the proteome of one of the smallest living bacteria that can be grown axenically, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (729 ORFs). The proteome of M. pneumoniae cells, grown in defined media, was analyzed by MS. An initial search with both Mascot and a species‐specific NCBInr database with common contaminants (NCBImpn), resulted in around 79% of the acquired spectra not having an assignment. The percentage of non‐assigned spectra was reduced to 27% after re‐analysis of the data with the PEAKS software, thereby increasing the proteome coverage of M. pneumoniae from the initial 60% to over 76%. Nonetheless, 33 413 spectra with assigned amino acid sequences could not be mapped to any NCBInr database protein sequence. Approximately, 1% of these unassigned peptides corresponded to PTMs and 4% to M. pneumoniae protein variants (deamidation and translation inaccuracies). The most abundant peptide sequence variants (Phe‐Tyr and Ala‐Ser) could be explained by alterations in the editing capacity of the corresponding tRNA synthases. About another 1% of the peptides not associated to any protein had repetitions of the same aromatic/hydrophobic amino acid at the N‐terminus, or had Arg/Lys at the C‐terminus. Thus, in a model system, we have maximized the number of assigned spectra to 73% (51 453 out of the 70 040 initial acquired spectra). All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002779 (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/dataset/PXD002779).
A Distributed Jamming Signal Transmission Method Considering Node Density to Prevent Eavesdropping in Wireless Networks

In wireless networks, data frames transmitted from wireless node are broadcasted and they can be received in a specific communication area. If an eavesdropper is located in the communication area, not only the receiver node but also the eavesdropper can receive the data. In this letter, we propose a distributed method for reducing the communication area by cooperative jamming among neighbor nodes. In our method, a node becomes a jamming node stochastically based on the locally available information. Through simulation evaluations, we conformed that our method is more effective than the conventional method in the situation where the node density is high. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A triple cylindrical cavity W-BAND filter implemented in substrate integrated waveguide(SIW)

During the past one decade, a great number of substrate integrated circuits have been developed. This letter reports on a 94G band-pass filter, firstly using a specific triple cylindrical cavity structure implemented in SIW which is designed in ANSYS High Frequency Structure Simulation(HFSS) software. A transformation was built to connect the filter to the other circuit elements for its utility. The structure depends on a technology called Printed Circuit board(PCB), which is cheap enough for mass production. The result shows that a band-pass W-band filter with high performance is successfully designed.
3.7 kV Vertical GaN PN Diodes

There is a great interest in wide band-gap semiconductor devices for power electronics application. In this letter, vertical GaN p-n diodes fabricated on bulk GaN substrates are discussed. The device layers are grown by MOCVD on low defect density (104 cm-2) bulk GaN substrates. The measured devices show breakdown voltages of 3.7 kV with an area differential specific on-resistance (Rsp) of 2.95 mΩ-cm2.
Influence of Societal Factor on the Emergence of Language Variants: the Study of Indonesia Language Use in Javanese Society

Language is part of national culture that can be used as living recording media. In social life, the use of language is influenced by societal factor. It has emerged language variants. They can be met such as in Javanese utterance society. Dealing with that, the researcher reviews the societal factor influence to the use of Indonesia language in Javanese society. In this research used qualitative descriptive method. Data obtained from oral and written sources with recording, reading, and record techniques. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by using the method of padan and agih method from Sudaryanto (1995) and Mahsun (2005). The result of the research shows that societal factor has emerged language variants in Javanese society. Those language variants emerged when the speaker uses Indonesia language such as words sowan ‘visit’, dhahar ‘eat’, pinarak ‘stay’, mirsani ‘see’, lenggah ‘sit’, menghaturkan ‘say’, tindak ‘go’, rawuh ‘come’, tapak asta ‘signature’, matur ‘talk’. Those words choice from Javanese language are sometimes hold by speakers although they use Indonesia language as their communication. Those Javanese words are used by the speakers or older receivers who are respected for courtesy. Those words are sowan, dhahar, pinarak, mirsani, lenggah, menghaturkan, tindak, rawuh, tapak asta, matur are karma form in Javanese language, there are language levels in communication, ngoko and krama. On the other hand, Indonesia language has fewer words which show level of speaking than in Javanese language. Keywords—societal factor; Java; variants; polite; krama
Small-Sided Games Versus Interval Training in Amateur Soccer Players: Effects on the Aerobic Capacity and the Ability to Perform Intermittent Exercises With Changes of Direction

Abstract Dellal, A, Varliette, C, Owen, A, Chirico, EN, and Pialoux, V. Small-sided games versus interval training in amateur soccer players: Effects on the aerobic capacity and the ability to perform intermittent exercises with changes of direction. J Strength Cond Res 26(10): 2712–2720, 2012—The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer versus high-intensity intermittent training (HIT) on a continuous aerobic test (Vameval) and the performance in an intermittent test with changes of direction (CODs; 30-15 intermittent fitness test [30-15IFT]). Twenty-two amateur soccer players (mean age ± SD: 26.3 ± 4.7 years) were assigned to 3 different groups for 6 weeks: SSG group (n = 8), HIT group (n = 8), and control group (CG; n = 6). In addition to the usual technical and tactical sessions and competitive games, the SSG group performed 9 sessions of 2 versus 2 and 1 versus 1 SSGs, whereas the HIT group performed 9 sessions of intermittent runs in the form of 30 seconds of effort interspersed with 30 seconds of passive recovery (30s-30s), 15s-15s, and 10s-10s. The HIT and SSG groups showed performance improvements in the Vameval test (5.1 and 6.6%, respectively) and the 30-15IFT intermittent test with CODs (5.1 and 5.8%, respectively), whereas there was no change in the performance of the CG. Players from HIT and SSG groups showed similar increase in their performance in the 30-15IFT and the Vameval tests during the 6-week training period, especially with an increase significantly different to that in a traditional training as in the CG (p < 0.05). This investigation demonstrates that both SSG and HIT interventions are equally effective in developing the aerobic capacity and the ability to perform intermittent exercises with CODs in male amateur soccer players. Furthermore, these 2 methods of training applied during the 6 weeks induce similar effect on the recovery capacity and on the ability to repeat directional changes of 180°. Coaches will now be able to choose between these two methods according to the objective of the training and to optimize the training.
Substation expansion planning based on BFOA

In recent years, significant research efforts have been devoted to the optimal planning of power systems. Substation Expansion Planning (SEP) as a sub-system of power system planning consists of finding the most economical solution with the optimal location and size of future substations and/or feeders to meet the future demand. The large number of design variables, and combination of discrete and continuous variables makes the substation expansion planning a very challenging problem. So far, various methods have been presented to solve such a complicated problem. Since the Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm (BFOA) has been proper results in studies of power systems, and has not been applied to SEP problem yet, this paper develops a new BFO-based method to solve the SEP problem. The technique discussed in this paper uses BFOA to simultaneously optimize the sizes and locations of both the existing and new installed substation and feeders by considering reliability constraints. To clarify the capabilities of the presented method a typical network is considered and the results of applying GA and BFOA on the network are compared. The simulation results demonstrate that the BFOA has the potential to find more optimal results than the other algorithm under the same conditions. Also, the fast convergence, consideration of real-world networks limitations as problem constraints and simplicity in applying to large scale networks are the main features of the proposed method.
Warnings on alcohol containers and advertisements: international experience and evidence on effects.

ISSUES In light of possible introduction of alcohol warning labels in Australia and New Zealand, this paper discusses the international experience with and evidence of effects of alcohol warning labels. APPROACH The report describes international experience with providing information and warnings concerning the promotion or sale of alcoholic beverages, and considers the evidence on the effects of such information and warnings. The experience with and evaluations of the effects of tobacco warning labels are also considered. KEY FINDINGS The most methodologically sound evaluations of alcohol warning labels are based on the US experience. Although these evaluations find little evidence that the introduction of the warning label in the USA had an impact on drinking behaviour, there is evidence that they led to an increase in awareness of the message they contained. In contrast, evaluations of tobacco warning labels find clear evidence of effects on behaviour. IMPLICATIONS There is a need and opportunity for a rigorous evaluation of the impacts of introducing alcohol warning labels to add to the published work on their effectiveness. The experience with tobacco labels might guide the way for more effective alcohol warning labels. CONCLUSION Alcohol warning labels are an increasingly popular alcohol policy initiative. It is clear that warning labels can be ineffective, but the tobacco experience suggests that effective warning labels are possible. Any introduction of alcohol warning labels should be evaluated in terms of effects on attitudes and behaviour.
It Pays to Write Well

We quantify the effects of easy-to-read disclosure documents on firm value by analyzing shareholder reports of closed-end investment companies in which the company's value can be estimated separately from the value of the company's underlying assets. Using a copy-editing software application that counts the pervasiveness of the most important ‘writing faults’ that make a document harder to read, our analysis provides evidence that issuing financial disclosure documents with low readability causes firms to trade at significant discounts relative to the value of their fundamentals. Our estimates suggest that a one-standard-deviation decrease in readability decreases firm value by a full 2.5%. In situations in which investors are more likely to rely on annual reports, the readability effect on firm value increases to 3.3%.
Handbook of Research on Social and Organizational Liabilities in Information Security

As the diffusion and use of technology applications have accelerated in organizational and societal domains, behavioral and social dynamics have inevitably created the potential for negative as well as positive consequences and events associated with technology. A pressing need within organizations and societies has therefore emerged for robust, proactive information security measures that can prevent as well as ameliorate breaches, attacks, and abuses. The Handbook of Research on Social and Organizational Liabilities in Information Security offers a critical mass of insightful, authoritative articles on the most salient contemporary issues of managing social and human aspects of information security. Aimed at providing immense scholarly value to researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the area of information technology and security, this landmark reference collection provides estimable coverage of pertinent issues such as employee surveillance, information security policies, and password authentication.
Defining and Measuring Structural Variations in Interorganizational Arrangements

1 Committee for Economic Development, Reducing Crime and Assuring Justice (New York: Committee for Economic Development, 1972), pp. 30-31. 2 President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society (Washington, D.C.: Superintendent of Documents, 1967); J. L. McCausland, "Crime in the Suburbs," in Charles Haar (ed.), The End of Innocence: A Suburban Reader (Glenview, Ill.: Scott, Foresman, 1972), pp. 61-64; Daniel L. Skoler and June M. Hetler, "Governmental Restructuring and Criminal Administration: The Challenge of Consolidation," in Crisis in Urban Government: A Symposium: Restructuring Metropolitan Area Government (Silver Spring, MD. Thomas Jefferson Publishing Company, 1970), pp. 53-75.