Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Regulation of the Cellulase Transcription Factors XYR1, ACE2, and ACE1 in Trichoderma reesei Strains Producing High and Low Levels of Cellulase

ABSTRACT Due to its capacity to produce large amounts of cellulases, Trichoderma reesei is increasingly being investigated for second-generation biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. The induction mechanisms of T. reesei cellulases have been described recently, but the regulation of the genes involved in their transcription has not been studied thoroughly. Here we report the regulation of expression of the two activator genes xyr1 and ace2, and the corepressor gene ace1, during the induction of cellulase biosynthesis by the inducer lactose in T. reesei QM 9414, a strain producing low levels of cellulase (low producer). We show that all three genes are induced by lactose. xyr1 was also induced by d-galactose, but this induction was independent of d-galactose metabolism. Moreover, ace1 was carbon catabolite repressed, whereas full induction of xyr1 and ace2 in fact required CRE1. Significant differences in these regulatory patterns were observed in the high-producer strain RUT C30 and the hyperproducer strain T. reesei CL847. These observations suggest that a strongly elevated basal transcription level of xyr1 and reduced upregulation of ace1 by lactose may have been important for generating the hyperproducer strain and that thus, these genes are major control elements of cellulase production.
Morphology of Mycoplasma mycoides thread-phase growth.

SUMMARY: Examination of threads of Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides by optical and electron microscopy revealed organisms within a homogeneous mucinous matrix. This matrix stained with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent method was almost electron-transparent and was probably lipo-polysaccharide (galactan) material. Treatment of threads with specific antibody produced a clearly visible microscopic precipitate strongly outlining the threads. By electron microscopy this precipitate was electron-dense, homogeneous, and finely granular; it could frequently be seen surrounding individual mycoplasma cells as a well-defined capsule.
Value creation and competitive advantages for the Shrimp industries in Bangladesh

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the value chain activities of shrimp firms in Bangladesh, and mapping the Porter’s (1985) value chain framework to see if it works or not. The present study identifies the gap, synthesizes and analyzes those gaps which lead the firms to create more values from firms to consumers. Design/methodology/approach Interviews were conducted with the shrimp industry managers in the southern region of Bangladesh. Exploratory qualitative research method was used and the questionnaire was semi-structured. Data were gathered from 43 firm managers. After sending multiple phone calls and face to face meeting, the response rate was 35.83 percentages. Findings Poor transportation, communication gap between the stakeholders, shortage of raw shrimps and lack of quality standard were the areas where shrimp industries were suffering. It was found that some of the primary and secondary activities of shrimp industries did not map with Porter’s framework. Based on Porter’s framework, the study suggested that analyzing and synthesizing those gaps can lead the firm more value and competitive advantages. Research limitations/implications Limitations include a lack of knowledge on value chain and shortages of raw materials for the processing plants. Moreover, the sample size was small for this exploratory study. Practical implications Shrimp industries will learn standard value chain activities, and identify the gaps based on the mapping of Porter’s value chain. Originality/value Using Porter’s value chain this is the first empirical study in the shrimp firms in Bangladesh. The primary research contribution is the revised theoretical framework which can be used for further research on shrimp industries in Bangladesh.
On Symbol Mapping for Binary Physical-Layer Network Coding with PSK Modulation

In a system employing physical-layer network coding, the superimposed constellation at the relay may have ambiguity where one received signal is associated with more than one possible combination of users' data. We find the necessary and sufficient condition on a user bit mapping which removes this ambiguity for phase shift keying modulation. Further, we introduce the concept of semi-Gray mapping which improves the system BER performance and achievable rate. The necessary and sufficient condition of having a semi-Gray mapping is also found. Interestingly, the widely used binary reflected Gray mapping does not satisfy the semi-Gray mapping condition resulting in a poorer performance compared to our proposed semi-Gray scheme.
Experimental Escherichia coli ascending pyelonephritis in rats: changes in bacterial properties and the immune response to surface antigens

Systemic and urinary antibody responses were examined in rats with experimental ascending pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli O6K13H1. During 12-month follow-up of the infections, bacterial characteristics of the urinary and renal isolates were followed: O and K antigenicity, sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal human serum, capacity to attach to urinary tract epithelial cells, hemolytic activity, biochemical pattern, and virulence. During the long-term infection, the urinary and renal bacterial isolates changed in O and K antigenicity, serum sensitivity, and virulence. The adhesive capacity of the bacterial isolates did not change, possibly explaining the persistence of the bacteria in the urinary tract. The serum anti-O6 antibody levels remained high during the entire 1-year observation period, especially in the rats with renal involvement. Urinary anti-O6 antibodies were also found. The serum and urinary antibodies could have played a role in bringing about the observed changes in bacterial characteristics. Antibodies to lipid A were recorded in 9 of 16 rats with pyelonephritis and renal scarring and in 1 of 9 rats not having pyelonephritis or renal bacterial growth.
Application de l'interféromètre de Mach-Zehnder au co-phasage des grands télescopes segmentés

La segmentation des miroirs semble etre l'unique solution envisageable pour les tres grands telescopes. Pour obtenir la qualite d'image necessaire aux programmes scientifiques astronomiques, les erreurs d'alignement des segments doivent etre reduites a une dizaine de nanometres. Cette these presente une nouvelle technique pour le co-phasage des miroirs segmentes basee sur un interferometre de Mach-Zehnder comportant un filtre spatial dans un des bras. Les perturbations atmospheriques sont eliminees si la taille du filtre est de l'ordre de la tache du seeing. L'etude a ete divisee en trois parties : etude analytique, simulation numerique et verification experimentale. La performance de cette technique a ete etudiee pour des cas realistes en considerant les effets de bords, le bruit photonique et les caracteristiques du detecteur. Une comparaison de trois nouvelles techniques de co-phasage est aussi presentee. Cette technique s'avere etre un candidat prometteur pour des grands telescopes segmentes.
Expression of T‐Cadherin (CDH13, H‐Cadherin) in Human Brain and Its Characteristics as a Negative Growth Regulator of Epidermal Growth Factor in Neuroblastoma Cells

Abstract: In the present study, we first examined the expression of T‐cadherin in human CNS by northern blot analysis, immunohistochemical staining, and in situ hybridization. Northern blot analysis demonstrated expression of T‐cadherin in human adult cerebral cortex, medulla, thalamus, and midbrain. Immunohistochemical staining with a newly generated monoclonal antibody, designated MA‐511, revealed strong expression of T‐cadherin in neural cell surface membrane and neurites in adult cerebral cortex, medulla oblongata, and nucleus olivaris. Little or no expression of T‐cadherin was found in spinal cord. We further examined T‐cadherin expression in various developing nervous systems, and found that T‐cadherin expression was lower in developing brain than in adult brain. In situ hybridization revealed that neural cells in medulla oblongata and nucleus olivaris, but not in spinal cord, possessed T‐cadherin molecules. We transfected T‐cadherin‐negative TGW and NH‐12 neuroblastoma cells with a T‐cadherin cDNA‐containing expression vector. T‐cadherin‐expressing neuroblastoma cells lost mitogenic proliferative response to epidermal growth factor. Epidermal growth factor is known to be required for proliferation of neural stem cells. This finding, together with those of the present study, suggests that T‐cadherin functions as a negative regulator of neural cell growth.
Potential Big Bath Accounting Practice in CEO Changes (Study on Manufacturing Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange)

This Research aims to compare the earnings management which is big bath accounting model while CEO Changes in Indonesia. This research is using Secondary data which is Financial Statement from the Indonesian Stock Exchange. CEO change is classified either as routine or non-routine based on RUPS (General Shareholders Meeting) and RUPSLB (Extraordinary General Shareholders Meeting) information.The purposive sampling was used in this research by sampling 14 listed company of CEO Change non-routine and 34 listed company of CEO Change routine. These samples are observed from 2004 to 2014. To identify the big bath accounting practice. Although CEO Change non-routine made a high correlation in this study, the study provides there is no difference in earnings management big bath accounting model while CEO Changes between routine and non-routine changes.
Informal Sector and Tax Compliance: The Role of Associational Membership in South West, Nigeria

This paper identifies the viability of trade unions and associations in informal sector as agents for state tax collection and their labour absorptive capacity using a field survey of 600 artisans selected from three states (Ekiti, Ondo and Oyo) in the South West region of Nigeria. It reveals that although the informal sector is marginalized with a weak voice in centralized policy making, it has allowed a large proportion of the population to escape extreme poverty through its economic activities. Using logit regression, the result indicated that associational members in informal sectors are strong and showcase a positively significant relationship towards ensuring tax compliance among tax payers. The paper recommends the integration of informal sectors into the formal economic mainstream of Nigeria with the usage of trade associations as agent of tax collection and further recommends the functioning of effective public service delivery by government in a transparent and accountable government towards ensuring tax compliance among taxpayers.
Business plan of the company of repair and maintenance outboards and boats – “Technoservice”

This paper describes the results of research done on the enterprise from the outboards’ motor market. We examined the relationships between the strategy of this enterprise and its environment in Far East region. This is the first research using such a sample of outboards’ motor firms. A research model was created which allowed us to analyze the impact of independent variables (environmental factors) on the dependent variables (strategy), it means strategies implemented by this company. The research model used in this study, describing the functioning of enterprise on the Far East market. The research is also important because it recognizes the influence of macro environment represented by DEEPLIST factors on the choose of the best strategy of development for this kind of firm’s activity. The 21st century business environment has become changeable, so the development strategy of enterprises has changed to be more adaptive to this environment. The business environment is also focusing more on environmental and ecological factors so that, nowadays, this environmental factors play a key role in the sustainability of a strategy.
Validation of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II for Hispanic Male Truck Drivers in the Southwest

The aims of the study were to validate the English and Spanish Versions of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) with Hispanic male truck drivers and to determine if there were any differences in drivers’ responses based on driving responsibility. The methods included a descriptive correlation design, the HPLP II (English and Spanish versions), and a demographic questionnaire. Fifty-two Hispanic drivers participated in the study. There were no significant differences in long haul and short haul drivers’ responses to the HPLP II. Cronbach’s alpha for the Spanish version was . 97 and the subscales alphas ranged from . 74 to . 94. The English version alpha was . 92 and the subscales ranged from . 68 to . 84. Findings suggest the subscales of Health Responsibility, Physical Activities, Nutrition, and Spirituality Growth on the HPLP II Spanish and English versions may not adequately assess health-promoting behaviors and cultural influences for the Hispanic male population in the southwestern border region.
Human Pregnane X Receptor: Genetic Polymorphisms, Alternative mRNA Splice Variants, and Cytochrome P450 3A Metabolic Activity

Human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) gene polymorphisms (spanning exon 2 to exon 5) and alternative mRNA splicing were investigated as possible contributors to individual variability in CYP3A metabolic activity measured both in vivo and in vitro. None of the 9 variants evaluated, including the 2 most common nonsynonymous variants (Pro27Ser and Gly36Arg), was found to be associated with midazolam 1′‐hydroxylation rate measured in a bank of human livers (48 European Americans, 4 African Americans, 2 Hispanics). In contrast, 3 linked hPXR variants (g.252A>G, g.275A>G, and g.4760G>A) were significantly (P < .05) associated with oral midazolam clearance in a mixed race/ethnicity population (n = 26) and the African American subpopulation (n = 14) but not in European Americans (n = 9). Although the amount of hPXR mRNA normally spliced at the exon 4–5 junction correlated well with midazolam 1′‐hydroxylation activities (P < .05), none of the 6 hPXR mRNA splice variants identified was associated with midazolam 1′‐hydroxylation. In conclusion, several hPXR polymorphisms have been identified that may have predictive value for oral midazolam clearance, particularly in African Americans.
Classification non exclusive et personnalisation par apprentissage : application à la navigation dans les bases d'images

Dans le cadre de la recherche d'images par le contenu, nous nous sommes interesses aux methodes de resume et d'aide a la navigation pour les bases d'images. Nous avons developpe une methode de classification non-exclusive capable de categoriser l'espace de description des images pour regrouper les images d'apparences visuelles similaires. En definissant une nouvelle fonction de Competition Agglomerative ou la competition s'adapte a la densite des ategories, l'algorithme ARC (Adaptive Robust Competition) permet de resoudre les difficultes suivantes : * determiner automatiquement le nombre de classes,* gerer les donnees bruitees diffuses,* prendre en compte les densites et les formes variables des classes. Dans un deuxieme temps, nous permettons a l'utilisateur de controler la pertinence des classes obtenues. Un apprentissage base sur une machine a vecteurs de support permet de personnaliser les classes d'images.
Role of Toxoplasma gondii Myosin A in Powering Parasite Gliding and Host Cell Invasion

Obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasites rely on gliding motion powered by their actomyosin system to disperse throughout tissues and to penetrate host cells. Toxoplasma gondiimyosin A has been implicated in this process, but direct proof has been lacking. We designed a genetic screen to generate a tetracycline-inducible transactivator system in T. gondii. The MyoA gene was disrupted in the presence of a second regulatable copy of MyoA. Conditional removal of this myosin caused severe impairment in host cell invasion and parasite spreading in cultured cells, and unambiguously established the pathogenic function of this motor in an animal model.
Social isolation increases morphine intake: behavioral and psychopharmacological aspects

Environmental and situational factors are important determinants of recreational drug use in humans. We aimed to develop a reliable animal model for studying the effects of environmental variables on drug-seeking behavior using the ‘social isolation/social restriction’ paradigm. Adult Wistar rats housed in short-term isolation (21 days) consumed significantly more morphine solution (0.5 mg/ml) than rats living in pairs, both in one-bottle and in two-bottle tests. No differences were found in their water consumption. This effect was observed in both males and females and the results were also replicated after reversal of housing conditions. We also found that as little as 60-min of daily social–physical interaction with another rat was sufficient to completely abolish the increase in morphine consumption in socially restricted animals. We discuss some possible interpretations for these effects. These results indicate that environmental and situational factors influence drug intake in laboratory rats as they do in humans, and thus may be of interest in studying drug-seeking behavior in humans.
Competitive Personalized Pricing

We study a model where each competing firm has a target segment where it has full consumer information and can exercise personalized pricing, and consumers may engage in identity management to bypass the firm’s attempt to price discriminate. In the absence of identity management, more consumer information intensifies competition because firms can effectively defend their turf through targeted personalized offers, thereby setting low public prices offered to nontargeted consumers. But the effect is mitigated when consumers are active in identity management because it raises the firm’s cost of serving nontargeted consumers. When firms have sufficiently large and nonoverlapping target segments, identity management can enable firms to extract full surplus from their targeted consumers through perfect price discrimination. Identity management can also induce firms not to serve consumers who are not targeted by either firm when the commonly nontargeted market segment is small. This results in a deadweight loss. Thus, identity management by consumers can benefit firms and lead to lower consumer surplus and lower social welfare. Our main insight continues to be valid when a fraction of consumers are active in identity management or when there is a cost of identity management. We also discuss the regulatory implications for the use of consumer information by firms as well as the implications for management. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Talent Management: The Great Challenge of Leading Organizations

Today is called as the age of increasing competition among the organizations against the limited resources. Nowadays, organizations reached higher consciousness that talented human resources are valuable resources and if they can be managed strategically, they will be associated with maximum return on investment. It is obvious that getting benefits from talented human resources requires proper management and this is one of the major challenges for organizations. Talent management as a system of identification, recruitment, training, promotion, and retention of talented people has been proposed with the aim of optimizing the organization and to achieve business results. In other words, talent management refers to the systematic and dynamic process that by which human resources are being identified to fill key jobs and positions in the future and they get ready through a wide variety of educational and training programs for these occupations. With respect to the use of talent management at all levels of the organizations to release the true potential of existing human resources and orient and direct their talents to achieve the expected outcomes, this study aims to review the literature related to the concept.
Shift in interictal relative gamma power as a novel biomarker for drug response in two mouse models of absence epilepsy

Two monogenic mouse models of childhood absence epilepsy, stargazer and tottering, differ strikingly in their response to N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockade. We sought to evaluate the change in interictal relative gamma power as a reliable biomarker for this gene‐linked antiepileptic drug (AED) response.
Why Must Forcible Action be the Only Way?: A New Approach for Initiating Quality Value of Voluntarily-Forcible Action (VF Action) in Stolen Asset Recovery

Recovering the proceeds of corruption is generally managed through forcible actions and leaving behind voluntary efforts. The preference for these forcible efforts can be seen from various international treaties regulating the seizure of the proceeds of crime. In reality, international treaties prioritizing forcible acts stumble upon many barriers especially in facing the difference in legal systems between the victim countries and recipient countries. On national level, forcible efforts also experience difficulties when perpetrators, stashing their stolen assets, are competing with law enforcement officials tracing and seizing their proceeds of corruption. This article provides a notion of the importance of combined voluntary and forcible actions to spend less efforts, time, and expenses during asset recovery process. This article using quality value approach on FuzzyServe and benchmarking to implement Voluntarily-Forcible Action (VF Action) in Stolen Asset Recovery. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014. v4n6p429
PROMOTION OF MODEST CLOTHING BY A WESTERN RETAILER: INDICATION OF BRAND INCLUSIVENESS OR NEGATIVE IMPACT ON CONSUMER BASED BRAND EQUITY?

This research was an investigation into promotion of modest clothing by a Western retailer meant to discover the effects of an inclusive marketing approach on consumer based brand equity. The purpose of the study was to observe possible differences between Muslim customers’ perception of consumer based brand equity in comparison to non-Muslim customers’ perception. This survey-based study was descriptive, quantitative and comparative since it used a measurement scale to compare two groups of Muslims vs. non-Muslims. The sample was drawn from the population of H&M customers who liked the H&M Facebook page. The results of this research assist marketers in explaining and addressing the conflicting needs of different customer bases. One independent variable, religion, and one dependent variable, consumer based brand equity (comprised of five components, i.e. quality, preference, sustainability, social influence and leadership) have been included in the study. The related data was tested using MANOVA. The results revealed significant difference between Muslim and non-Muslim customers’ perception of quality, preference, social influence and leadership as components of consumer based brand equity. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups’ perception of sustainability as a component of consumer based brand equity.