Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The QTL GNP1 Encodes GA20ox1, Which Increases Grain Number and Yield by Increasing Cytokinin Activity in Rice Panicle Meristems

Cytokinins and gibberellins (GAs) play antagonistic roles in regulating reproductive meristem activity. Cytokinins have positive effects on meristem activity and maintenance. During inflorescence meristem development, cytokinin biosynthesis is activated via a KNOX-mediated pathway. Increased cytokinin activity leads to higher grain number, whereas GAs negatively affect meristem activity. The GA biosynthesis genes GA20oxs are negatively regulated by KNOX proteins. KNOX proteins function as modulators, balancing cytokinin and GA activity in the meristem. However, little is known about the crosstalk among cytokinin and GA regulators together with KNOX proteins and how KNOX-mediated dynamic balancing of hormonal activity functions. Through map-based cloning of QTLs, we cloned a GA biosynthesis gene, Grain Number per Panicle1 (GNP1), which encodes rice GA20ox1. The grain number and yield of NIL-GNP1TQ were significantly higher than those of isogenic control (Lemont). Sequence variations in its promoter region increased the levels of GNP1 transcripts, which were enriched in the apical regions of inflorescence meristems in NIL-GNP1TQ. We propose that cytokinin activity increased due to a KNOX-mediated transcriptional feedback loop resulting from the higher GNP1 transcript levels, in turn leading to increased expression of the GA catabolism genes GA2oxs and reduced GA1 and GA3 accumulation. This rebalancing process increased cytokinin activity, thereby increasing grain number and grain yield in rice. These findings uncover important, novel roles of GAs in rice florescence meristem development and provide new insights into the crosstalk between cytokinin and GA underlying development process.
Ka-Band Omnidirectional High Gain Stacked Dual Bicone Antenna

This communication presents a new omnidirectional antenna based on biconical antenna element to realize high gain and high omnidirectivity at Ka-band. Two biconical antenna elements are stacked and fed differentially by a specially designed differential feeding network embedded inside the antenna. Measurement shows that the -10-dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 14.2% (26.2-30.2 GHz), within which the antenna can achieve a high gain of around 12.5 dBi corresponding to a sharp 3-dB beamwidth of about 5° in the elevation plane. The ripple of the omnidirectional radiation pattern in the azimuth plane is smaller than ±0.5 dBi.
The development of a state measure of mindfulness

Mindfulness practice is becoming used increasingly as a treatment in clinical psychology. However there are problems with the research on mindfulness, and until recently there were no measures of mindfulness. The Literature Review analysed psychologists' conceptualisations of the construct of mindfulness, and compared these with Buddhist understandings. It reviewed recently developed methods of assessment of mindfulness, and concluded that there was need for a state measure of mindfulness, one that specifically included assessment of mindful concentration. The Research Report was concerned with the first stage in the development of a state measure of mindfulness, including mindful concentration. It was concluded that further development needed to be done, to establish adequate reliability and validity. A Critical Appraisal is submitted, exploring difficulties in the process of research and the limitations of the research study.
Optimal Power Allocation for Fading Cognitive Multiple Access Channels: A Two-User Case

In this paper, we consider a spectrum-sharing cognitive radio network where a two-user secondary multiple access network coexists with a primary user (PU). An interference power constraint (IPC) is imposed on the secondary network (SN) to protect the PU. Under such a constraint, we derive the optimal power allocation strategies to achieve the fundamental limits of the SN. In particular, both the ergodic capacity and the outage capacity are investigated. Closed-form solutions are obtained for both scenarios. It is also shown that concurrent transmission of the two users should be avoided if the ergodic capacity is considered, while concurrent transmission should be encouraged if the outage capacity is considered. Besides, a key parameter referred to as Interference-Transmission-Ratio (ITR) is proposed. It is shown that under a given IPC, ITR is a key factor that affects the transmission policies of the SN. In general, the user with lower ITR value has the priority to transmit.
Substantial Alterations of the Cutaneous Bacterial Biota in Psoriatic Lesions

For psoriasis, an idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the skin, the microbial biota has not been defined using cultivation-independent methods. We used broad-range 16S rDNA PCR for archaea and bacteria to examine the microbiota of normal and psoriatic skin. From 6 patients, 19 cutaneous samples (13 from diseased skin and 6 from normal skin) were obtained. Extracted DNA was subjected to the broad range PCR, and 1,925 cloned products were compared with 2,038 products previously reported from healthy persons. Using 98% sequence identity as a species boundary, 1,841 (95.6%) clones were similar to known bacterial 16S rDNA, representing 6 phyla, 86 genera, or 189 species-level operational taxonomic unit (SLOTU); 84 (4.4%) clones with <98% identity probably represented novel species. The most abundant and diverse phylum populating the psoriatic lesions was Firmicutes (46.2%), significantly (P<0.001) overrepresented, compared to the samples from uninvolved skin of the patients (39.0%) and healthy persons (24.4%). In contrast, Actinobacteria, the most prevalent and diverse phylum in normal skin samples from both healthy persons (47.6%) and the patients (47.8%), was significantly (P<0.01) underrepresented in the psoriatic lesion samples (37.3%). Representation of Propionibacterium species were lower in the psoriatic lesions (2.9±5.5%) than from normal persons (21.1±18.2%; P<0.001), whereas normal skin from the psoriatic patients showed intermediate levels (12.3±21.6%). We conclude that psoriasis is associated with substantial alteration in the composition and representation of the cutaneous bacterial biota.
Liver after Injection of Tritiated Palmitate or Glycerol in Fasted and Ethanol-Treated Rats

A time sequence study of intracellular movement of labeled lipid in the liver was carried out on fasted and ethanol-treated rats injected with either palmitate-3H or glycerol-3H by electron microscopic radioautography. The elimination of water-soluble lipid precursors during specimen preparation was checked and found to be complete. The labeled lipid product in the tissue was identified as mostly triglyceride. A dehydration procedure was adapted to minimize the loss of lipid during specimen preparation. At 2 min after injection, the earliest time interval studied, both precursors were found to have penetrated the liver cells, and the label was found over both rough and smooth elements of the endoplasmic reticulum, which is the site of glyceride esterification. From 5 min on, in fasted and especially in ethanol-treated rats, the label was seen also over lipid droplets 0.5-2.0 # in diameter, which represent "storage lipid" (slowly turning over compartment). Mitochondria became labeled mostly at later time intervals after injection. From 10 rain on, concentration of label was seen over the Golgi apparatus, containing small osmiophilic particles. Association of label with groups of particles in smooth-surfaced vesicles and vacuoles in and near the Golgi apparatus and in the vicinity of the sinusoidal border was seen, both after palmitate-SH and glycerol-SH. It is proposed that these particles represent lipoproteins which are formed in the endoplasmic reficulum, "processed" in the Golgi apparatus, and transported in vacuoles to the sinusoid surface to be discharged into the circulation. I N T R O D U C T I O N During the past decade, many of the biochemical events resulting in lipid synthesis in the liver have been elucidated (17, 39, 40), and the liver has been shown to be the major source of serum lipids (41). On the basis of subcellular fractionation, the site of triglyceride and phospholipid formation in the liver was localized to the microsomal fraction. Following injection of labeled palmitic acid, the specific activity of the lipid in the microsomal fraction decreased with time, indicating rapid turnover. Labeled esterified lipid, mainly triglyceride, was recovered also in the fat cake, which floated during ultracentrifugation (41). The specific activity of this lipid increased with time 319 on Jne 7, 2017 D ow nladed fom Published May 1, 1967
MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENT OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS OVER 1 TO 4 GHZ USING TRANSMISSION LINE TECHNIQUE AND COAXIAL CAVITY

Accurate microwave dielectric measurement of materials is necessary data for the design engineer during the development stage of electronic and communication components. Several techniques have been published in recent years for measurement of dielectric properties of materials at microwave frequencies. Each of these techniques has some limitations in terms of accuracy and frequency coverage. This paper presents a novel method based on coaxial transmission line for the measurements of dielectric properties of a wide range of materials in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 4 GHz. A combined analytical-numerical method for conversion of smoothed transmission scattering ( 21 S ) parameters to complex permittivity is also presented. The measurement method was validated using air, low-loss solid and a high-loss liquid. The technique was then used to investigate the microwave absorption of an iron complexed and ligated to polyarylonitrile yarn powder.
Operator Methods, Abelian Processes and Dynamic Conditioning

A mathematical framework for Continuous Time Finance based on operator algebraic methods oers a new direct and entirely constructive perspective on the field. It also leads to new numerical analysis techniques which can take advantage of the emerging massively parallel GPU architectures which are uniquely suited to execute large matrix manipulations. This is partly a review paper as it covers and expands on the mathematical framework underlying a series of more applied articles. In addition, this article also presents a few key new theorems that make the treatment self-contained. Stochastic processes with continuous time and continuous space variables are defined constructively by establishing new convergence estimates for Markov chains on simplicial sequences. We emphasize high precision computability by numerical linear algebra methods as opposed to the ability of arriving to analytically closed form expressions in terms of special functions. Path dependent processes adapted to a given Markov filtration are associated to an operator algebra. If this algebra is commutative, the corresponding process is named Abelian, a concept which provides a far reaching extension of the notion of stochastic integral. We recover the classic Cameron-Dyson-Feynman-Girsanov-Ito-Kac-Martin theorem as a particular case of a broadly general block-diagonalization algorithm. This technique has many applications ranging from the problem of pricing cliquets to target-redemption-notes and volatility derivatives. Non-Abelian processes are also relevant and appear in several important applications to for instance snowballs and soft calls. We show that in these cases one can eectively use block-factorization algorithms. Finally, we discuss the method of dynamic conditioning that allows one to dynamically correlate over possibly even hundreds of processes in a numerically noiseless framework while preserving marginal distributions.
Beamspace Magnetoencephalographic Signal Decomposition in Spherical Harmonics Domain

The recently proposed signal space separation (SSS) method can transform the multichannel magnetic measurements of brain (MEG) into parts that correspond to inner sources and undesired external interferences. In this paper, we extend this method by decomposing the signal into deep and superficial regions. This is realized by manipulating the SSS coefficients using a scheme that exploits beamspace methodology. It relies on estimating a linear transformation which maximizes the power of the source space of interest over the power of remaining part. We demonstrate that this method yields a simple and direct way to decompose the signal into deep and/or superficial parts
The Synergistic Effect of Valsartan and LAF237 [(S)-1-[(3-Hydroxy-1-Adamantyl)Ammo]acetyl-2-Cyanopyrrolidine] on Vascular Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

Aim. To investigate the combination effects and mechanisms of valsartan (angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker) and LAF237 (DPP-IV inhibitor) on prevention against oxidative stress and inflammation injury in db/db mice aorta. Methods. Db/db mice (n = 40) were randomized to receive valsartan, LAF237, valsartan plus LAF237, or saline. Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction in diabetic mice aorta were examined. Results. Valsartan or LAF237 pretreatment significantly increased plasma GLP-1 expression, reduced apoptosis of endothelial cells isolated from diabetic mice aorta. The expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunits also significantly decreased resulting in decreased superoxide production and ICAM-1 (fold change: valsartan : 7.5 ± 0.7, P < 0.05; LAF237: 10.2 ± 1.7, P < 0.05), VCAM-1 (fold change: valsartan : 5.2 ± 1.2, P < 0.05; LAF237: 4.8 ± 0.6, P < 0.05), and MCP-1 (fold change: valsartan: 3.2 ± 0.6, LAF237: 4.7 ± 0.8; P < 0.05) expression. Moreover, the combination treatment with valsartan and LAF237 resulted in a more significant increase of GLP-1 expression. The decrease of the vascular oxidative stress and inflammation reaction was also higher than monotherapy with valsartan or LAF237. Conclusion. These data indicated that combination treatment with LAF237 and valsartan acts in a synergistic manner on vascular oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetic mice.
Feedback Thermal Control for Real-time Systems

Thermal control is crucial to real-time systems as excessive processor temperature can cause system failure or unacceptable performance degradation due to hardware throttling. Real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management as they must avoid processor overheating while still delivering desired real-time performance. Furthermore, many real-time systems must handle a broad range of uncertainties in system and environmental conditions. To address these challenges, this paper presents Thermal Control under Utilization Bound (TCUB), a novel thermal control algorithm specifically designed for real-time systems. TCUB employs a nested feedback loop that dynamically controls both processor temperature and CPU utilization through task rate adaptation. Rigorously modeled and designed based on control theory, TCUB can maintain both desired processor temperature and CPU utilization, thereby avoiding processor overheating and maintaining desired soft real-time performance. A salient feature of TCUB lies on its capability to handle a broad range of uncertainties in terms of processor power consumption, task execution times, ambient temperature, and unexpected thermal faults. The robustness of TCUB makes it particularly suitable for real-time embedded systems that must operate in highly unpredictable environments. The advantages of TCUB are demonstrated through extensive simulations under a broad range of system and environmental uncertainties.
Analysis of the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV-1 infection on HIV-specific CD4 T cell functions

Background:It has been reported that antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during acute HIV-1 infection may rescue HIV-1-specific CD4 T cell responses. Objective:To determine the duration of this preserved response by investigating the long-term effects of HAART during acute infection on HIV-specific CD4 T cell function related to possible immune control during subsequent therapy interruption. Methods:A longitudinal analysis followed HIV-specific CD4 T cell reactivity in 17 individuals with well-documented acute HIV-1 infection where five out of 11 HAART-treated patients stopped therapy and six were untreated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with overlapping peptide pools derived from Gag and Nef. Production of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by CD4 T cells was analysed together with proliferative responses. Results:Absolute numbers, but not percentages, of Gag-specific IFN-γ-, IL-2- or IFN-γ/IL-2-producing CD4 T cells were increased in treated compared with untreated individuals up to 2 years after seroconversion. HAART during acute HIV-1 infection was associated with lower viral load but did not result in increased proliferation of HIV-specific CD4 T cells. One out of five individuals who discontinued therapy showed evidence for immune control. However, patients who failed to control viraemia also had measurable proliferative HIV-specific CD4 T cell responses and preserved numbers of cytokine-producing CD4 T cells. Conclusions:Early HAART during acute HIV-1 infection resulted in higher numbers of HIV-specific IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing CD4 T cells, but this preservation in four out of five patients was not associated with control of viraemia upon treatment interruption.
Continuous MultiWay Joins over Distributed Hash Tables

This paper studies the problem of evaluating continuous multi-way joins on top of Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs). We present a novel algorithm, called recursive join (RJoin), that takes into account various parameters crucial in a distributed setting i.e., network traffic, query processing load distribution, storage load distribution etc. The key idea of RJoin is incremental evaluation: as relevant tuples arrive continuously, a given multi-way join is rewritten continuously into a join with fewer join operators, and is assigned continuously to different nodes of the network. In this way, RJoin distributes the responsibility of evaluating a continuous multi-way join to many network nodes by assigning parts of the evaluation of each binary join to a different node depending on the values of the join attributes. The actual nodes to be involved are decided by RJoin dynamically after taking into account the rate of incoming tuples with values equal to the values of the joined attributes. RJoin also supports sliding window joins which is a crucial feature, especially for long join paths, since it provides a mechanism to reduce the query processing state and thus keep the cost of handling incoming tuples stable. In addition, RJoin is able to handle message delays due to heavy network traffic. We present a detailed mathematical and experimental analysis of RJoin and study the performance tradeoffs that occur.
Language support for regions

Region-based memory management systems structure memory by grouping objects in regions under program control. Memory is reclaimed by deleting regions, freeing all objects stored therein. Our compiler for C with regions, RC, prevents unsafe region deletions by keeping a count of references to each region. Using type annotations that make the structure of a program's regions more explicit, we reduce the overhead of reference counting from a maximum of 27% to a maximum of 11% on a suite of realistic benchmarks. We generalise these annotations in a region type system whose main novelty is the use of existentially quantified abstract regions to represent pointers to objects whose region is partially or totally unknown. A distribution of RC is available at http://www.cs. berkeley.edu/~dgay/rc.tar. gz.
How Document Pre-processing affects Keyphrase Extraction Performance

The SemEval-2010 benchmark dataset has brought renewed attention to the task of automatic keyphrase extraction. This dataset is made up of scientific articles that were automatically converted from PDF format to plain text and thus require careful preprocessing so that irrevelant spans of text do not negatively affect keyphrase extraction performance. In previous work, a wide range of document preprocessing techniques were described but their impact on the overall performance of keyphrase extraction models is still unexplored. Here, we re-assess the performance of several keyphrase extraction models and measure their robustness against increasingly sophisticated levels of document preprocessing.
Psychological Stress in the Workplace

"Psychological Stress in the Workplace" provides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of research on occupational stress. It identifies the sources, consequences and treatments of stress in the workplace from the perspective of organizational psychology, and makes clear recommendations for future work in this area. Illustrated with many examples from field research over the author's 20 years of experience in studying the workplace, this book should be of considerable interest to students and researchers in occupational psychology, as well as managers and trainers.
A Mixture Model for Automatic Diffeomorphic Multi-Atlas Building

Computing image atlases that are representative of a dataset is an important first step for statistical analysis of images. Most current approaches estimate a single atlas to represent the average of a large population of images, however, a single atlas is not sufficiently expressive to capture distributions of images with multiple modes. In this paper, we present a mixture model for building diffeomorphic multi-atlases that can represent sub-populations without knowing the category of each observed data point. In our probabilistic model, we treat diffeomorphic image transformations as latent variables, and integrate them out using a Monte Carlo Expectation Maximization (MCEM) algorithm via Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) sampling. A key benefit of our model is that the mixture modeling inference procedure results in an automatic clustering of the dataset. Using 2D synthetic data generated from known parameters, we demonstrate the ability of our model to successfully recover the multi-atlas and automatically cluster the dataset. We also show the effectiveness of the proposed method in a multi-atlas estimation problem for 3D brain images.
Channeling Creativity : Using Storyboards and Claims to Encourage Collaborative Design

Storyboards and claims are two distinct artifacts used for system design in HCI. In this paper, we propose that these artifacts provide greater design value if they are used in combination. We first investigate the relative strengths and weaknesses of storyboards and claims in supporting design. Then, we present an exploratory study conducted to assess the potential value of combining these two techniques, suggesting that combining the techniques leads to a richer, more grounded, and more creative design solution. Finally, we speculate on ways that tools should support the iterative creation of design ideas, the sharing of representations that can be easily understood and modified, and collaborative negotiation and discussion during design.
Accurate object tracking by combining correlation filters and keypoints

Object tracking usually suffers from the geometrical deformations and occlusions of objects. This paper presents a new method for accurate object tracking by combining the multi-angle discriminative correlation filters and key-points under the framework of Discriminative Scale Space Tracker (DSST) tracker. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can produce promising tracking results and outperform the-state-of-the-art methods using correlation filters.