Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preliminary validation of a Chinese version of the State‐Trait Anger Expression Inventory‐2

The increased globalization of psychology and related fields necessitates the availability of psychometric instruments in a number of languages, countries and cultures. Unfortunately, research on anger and aggression in Chinese populations has suffered from a lack of valid and reliable measurement instruments. Therefore, the State‐Trait Anger Expression Inventory‐2 (STAXI‐2) was translated into Chinese (Chinese STAXI‐2). Two samples of Hong Kong Chinese (N = 489 and N = 775) completed the Chinese STAXI‐2. Participants in the second sample also completed measures of anger rumination and aggression. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of responses from the first sample resulted in the loss of nine items from the 57 original items due to misspecification. A second CFA, using responses from the second sample, supported the construct validity of the modified scale. Moderate correlations were observed with measures of aggression and anger rumination, and significant differences were found between males and females on three anger expression subscales (Anger Expression‐In, Anger Control‐Out, and Anger Control‐In). The preliminary evidence suggests that the abbreviated inventory may be a useful measure of state and trait anger, and anger expression in some Chinese populations.
Measurement invariance of the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) across Bulgarian, Dutch and Greek samples

The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM; Phinney, 1992) is a widely used instrument to quantify the way people think, feel, and behave regarding their ethnic origin. This instrument is commonly used to compare groups of people from different ethnic and/or cultural backgrounds. However, in order for these comparisons to be accurate, measurement invariance between groups needs to be tested and this is what has been done in the current study. First, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted separately for data sets with Bulgarian, Dutch, and Greek adolescents. Second, configural and scalar invariance were tested. Finally, comparisons between Bulgarian, Dutch, and Greek adolescents were made on their scores on MEIM.
OF ARCHITECTURAL SCENES USING A HIERARCHICAL METHOD

This paper presents a hierarchical two-level method for reconstruction and detailed documentation of architectural scenes from photographs taken using digital cameras. The first level in the method involves creating a coarse model of the scene. Multiple images of an architectural scene are automatically matched for corresponding points and autocalibration is performed. Subsequently, a projective geometry based approach is adopted and bundle adjustment techniques are applied to create a reconstruction of the scene. The coarse model is thus generated with minimal user input, the results of which are presented in this paper. The second level takes the coarse model as the input and creates a detailed documentation of the architectural scene. Documentation consists of a 3D model and, associated with it, ancillary information about the architectural scene. The 3D model generated may be of a much higher geometric quality than the coarse model. Ancillary information is in the form of an information system containing attributes such as spatial reference, textual information about the structure, historical notes, conservation status and any other information of importance. The second level has two advantages – it avoids field reconnaissance and provides a means for automatic planning of camera positions. The advantages are offered by the concepts of virtual reconnaissance and Automatic Image Acquisition Planning (AIAP) respectively. As an extension, an integrated Architectural Heritage Information System (AHIS) is proposed. AHIS facilitates efficient management of both spatial and non-spatial ancillary information. The advantages of having a spatial database for architectural heritage will help conservation architects, government agencies and other interested parties to manage resources needed for preservation of built heritage effectively. * Corresponding author
ScienceDirect Information Technology and Quantitative Management ( ITQM 2015 ) Personalized Financial News Recommendation Algorithm Based on Ontology

To deal with the challenge of information overload, in this paper, we propose a financial news recommendation algorithm which help users find the articles that are interesting to read. To settle the ambiguity problem, a new presented OF-IDF method is employed to represent the unstructured text data in the form of key concepts, synonyms and synsets which are all stored in the domain ontology. For users, the recommendation algorithm build the profiles based on their behaviors to detect the genuine interests and predict current interests automatically and in real time by applying the thinking of relevance feedback. Finally, the experiment conducted on a financial news dataset demonstrates that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the performance of a traditional recommender. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the organizers of ITQM 2015 Keyword: news recommendation algorithm; ontology; relevence feedback; OF-IDF
Evidentiary Reasoning in Diagnostic Classification Models

assessing the appropriateness of the model using methods of model fit) in a way that is accessible to a broader audience. As a result, this paper will contribute to the interest of DCMs without requiring an individual to filter through a list of technical documents that have been distributed throughout several journals. It has also provided a basis for a number of discussions centering on the definition of DCMs and when these models are appropriate. However, I would like to suggest that another area of much needed research is test development. Specifically, it may be intuitive that items should not be written in the same way as they have been written when a traditional analysis is the focus, but how this procedure should differ needs to be addressed. By discussing test development, in addition to topics such as longitudinal modeling of DCMs, I feel that DCMs will continue to become a possible alternative to common methodologies of psychometrics.
Identity, commitment and morality

In his critique of a self‐interest understanding of rationality Amartya Sen appeals to notions like commitment and identity. Sen uses ‘identity’ in an abstract sense: it refers to the conditions of rational agency. Sen's emphasis on the notion of identity finds a parallel in recent Kantian accounts, e.g. the work of Christine M. Korsgaard and Elizabeth S. Anderson. In my paper I compare Sen's account of practical rationality and identity with the Kantian accounts of practical rationality which consider the concept of practical identity as crucial for understanding the connection between rationality and morality. Sen's account, as I will show, does not follow the Kantian line altogether since Sen, unlike the Kantian accounts, does not identify the rules of rationality with the rules of morality. Sen's position, as I argue, can be read as a middle position between Humeanism on the one hand and a Kantian position on the other, and I defend such a middle position.
Improving the Efficiency of Genetic Algorithms for Linearly Constrained Optimization

The efficiency of a Genetic Algorithm for constrained parameter optimization depends heavily on the ratio of feasible to infeasible area in its rectangular search space. We show an algorithm based on existing mathematical programming methods which improves this ratio assuming a set of linear constraints. We approximate the feasible area by a multidimensional ellipsoid and rotate the original search space parallel to its main axes. The minimum volume hyper rectangle we can wrap around the rotated constraint set gives us a new rectangular search space. In addition to that we propose to continue with a local search algorithm for fine tuning. To demonstrate the use of the proposed method, we perform test runs on randomly generated cases as well as on three selected examples.
The mote is dead: long live the discarded smartphone!

As the rapid pace of smartphone improvements drives consumer appetites for the latest and greatest devices, the hidden cost is millions of tons of e-waste containing hazardous chemicals that are difficult to dispose of safely. Studies show that smartphone users are replacing their devices every 18 months, almost three times faster than desktop computers [1, 3], producing millions of discarded smartphones each year that end up lying in desk drawers, buried in landfills, or shipped to third-world countries where they are burned to extract precious metals, a process that damages both the health of those involved and the environment. Fortunately, the capabilities of discarded smartphones make them ideal for reuse. Instead of ending up in a landfill, a discarded smartphone could be integrated into a home security system or transformed into a health care device for the elderly. In this paper, we evaluate using discarded smartphones to replace traditional sensor network "motes". Compared with motes, discarded devices have many advantages: price, performance, connectivity, interfaces, and ease of programming. While the main question is whether their energy consumption is low enough to enable harvesting solutions to allow continuous operation, we present preliminary results indicating that this may be possible.
Clinical risk predictors associated with cardiac mortality following vascular surgery in South African patients

Summary Clinical risk prediction is important in the prognostication of peri-operative cardiac complications and the management of high-risk cardiac patients for major non-cardiac surgery. However, the current pre-operative clinical risk indices have been derived in European and American patients and not validated in South African patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the clinical risk predictors identified in L ee’s revised cardiac risk index and in the African arm of the INTERHEART study, in predicting cardiac mortality following vascular surgery in South African patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all patients undergoing elective or urgent vascular surgery at Inkosi Albert L uthuli Central Hospital over a three-year period. All in-hospital deaths were identified and classified into cardiac or non-cardiac deaths by an investigator blinded to the patients’ pre-operative clinical risk predicators. A second investigator blinded to the cause of death identified the following clinical risk predictors: history of ischaemic heart disease, congestive cardiac failure and cerebrovascular accident, presence of diabetes, hypertension and obesity (BMI > 30 kg.m–2), elevated serum creatinine (> 180 μmol. l–1), positive smoking history and ethnicity. The main finding was that a serum creatinine level of greater than 180 μmol. l-1 and a positive smoking history were significantly associated with cardiac death (p = 0.012, p = 0.012, respectively). Multivariate analyses using a backward stepwise modeling technique found only a serum creatinine of > 180 μmol. l–1 and a positive smoking history to be significantly associated with cardiac mortality (p = 0.038, 0.035, respectively) with an odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of 3.02 (1.06−8.59) and 3.40 (1.09−10.62), respectively. All other clinical predictors were not significantly different between the two groups. However, based on the sample size of this study, a type 2 or b error may have resulted in the other risk predictors not being identified as important clinical predictors of cardiac mortality. Therefore, until such time as a study of adequate power is conducted, a history of ischaemic heart disease, congestive cardiac failure, diabetes and cerebrovascular accidents should still be considered to be important clinical risk predictors in South African surgical patients. In conclusion, an elevated serum creatinine and a positive history for smoking are important clinical predictors of cardiac mortality in South African patients following elective or urgent vascular surgery.
Pattern-based support for interactive design in domestic settings

Designing for future domestic environments offers a challenge for everyone involved in the design of new technologies. The move from the office, and working environments in general, has highlighted the need for new techniques for understanding the home and conveying findings to technology developers. This paper presents a pattern-based approach informing the design of technology for future domestic settings. The approach is based on the original work of Alexander and seeks to support the on-going process of design, rather than the structuring of a corpus of previous work. The paper presents an adapted pattern language framework for structuring and presenting ethnographic fieldwork and considers the broad implications of patterns for the development of new technologies for domestic settings.
The Class of Random Graphs Arising from Exchangeable Random Measures

We introduce a class of random graphs that we argue meets many of the desiderata one would demand of a model to serve as the foundation for a statistical analysis of real-world networks. The class of random graphs is defined by a probabilistic symmetry: invariance of the distribution of each graph to an arbitrary relabelings of its vertices. In particular, following Caron and Fox, we interpret a symmetric simple point process on $\mathbb{R}_+^2$ as the edge set of a random graph, and formalize the probabilistic symmetry as joint exchangeability of the point process. We give a representation theorem for the class of random graphs satisfying this symmetry via a straightforward specialization of Kallenberg's representation theorem for jointly exchangeable random measures on $\mathbb{R}_+^2$. The distribution of every such random graph is characterized by three (potentially random) components: a nonnegative real $I \in \mathbb{R}_+$, an integrable function $S: \mathbb{R}_+ \to \mathbb{R}_+$, and a symmetric measurable function $W: \mathbb{R}_+^2 \to [0,1]$ that satisfies several weak integrability conditions. We call the triple $(I,S,W)$ a graphex, in analogy to graphons, which characterize the (dense) exchangeable graphs on $\mathbb{N}$. Indeed, the model we introduce here contains the exchangeable graphs as a special case, as well as the "sparse exchangeable" model of Caron and Fox. We study the structure of these random graphs, and show that they can give rise to interesting structure, including sparse graph sequences. We give explicit equations for expectations of certain graph statistics, as well as the limiting degree distribution. We also show that certain families of graphexes give rise to random graphs that, asymptotically, contain an arbitrarily large fraction of the vertices in a single connected component.
Fluoride dentifrice ingestion and fluorosis of the permanent incisors.

BACKGROUND Fluoride dentifrice is a primary means of preventing childhood caries, but it is also an important risk factor for fluorosis. The authors examine the influence of fluoride dentifrice ingestion on fluorosis of the permanent incisors. METHODS Participants in the Iowa Fluoride Study received questionnaires at regular intervals concerning fluoride sources. The authors assessed fluorosis using the fluorosis risk index. They estimated daily fluoride ingestion from dentifrice, diet and fluoride supplements and divided the amount by kilograms of body weight. The statistical analysis related fluoride ingestion to fluorosis in the permanent incisors. RESULTS In bivariate analyses, mild fluorosis was significantly related to ingestion of fluoride dentifrice at ages 24 and 36 months (P = .02 for both). After the authors adjusted for fluoride ingested from dietary sources, logistic regression showed a significant association between fluorosis and dentifrice ingestion at age 24 months (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that fluorosis of the permanent incisors is influenced by ingestion of fluoride dentifrice during the first three years of life. Further research is needed to assess total intake of fluoride as a risk factor for fluorosis. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These results support recommendations that young children use only a pea-sized amount of dentifrice. Parents should supervise young children as they brush their teeth with fluoride dentifrice.
The concept and measurement of ethnic community

This paper first examines why the concept of civil society should find its empirical expression in the concept of civic community. I then elaborate the concept of civic community by making a distinction between vertical and horizontal relations as two constitutional elements of civic community. I argue that in a multicultural democracy the cleavages in civil society are overcome because the ethnic elites form part of the civic elite. The concepts of ethnic organisation, organisational density, organisational filling and institutional completeness are operationalised as indicators of the degree of organisation of an ethnic community. The paper distinguishes between bridging and bonding organisations and defines a number of network concepts as indicators of social capital of an ethnic community. Finally we develop some measures for the circulation and diffusion of ethnic mass media and of the social trust within an ethnic community, between ethnic communities and between an ethnic community and the dominant community.
Adaptive state- dependent importance sampling simulation of markovian queueing networks

In this paper, a method is presented for the efficient estimation of rare-event (buffer overflow) probabilities in queueing networks using importance sampling. Unlike previously proposed change of measures, the one used here is not static, i.e., it depends on the buffer contents at each of the network nodes. The optimal state-dependent change of measure is determined adaptively during the simulation, using the cross-entropy method. The adaptive state-dependent importance sampling algorithm proposed in this paper yields asymptotically efficient simulation of models for which it is shown (formally or otherwise) that no effective static change of measure exists. Simulation results for queueing models of communication systems are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
The Contribution of Mosaic Variants to Autism Spectrum Disorder

De novo mutation is highly implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the contribution of post-zygotic mutation to ASD is poorly characterized. We performed both exome sequencing of paired samples and analysis of de novo variants from whole-exome sequencing of 2,388 families. While we find little evidence for tissue-specific mosaic mutation, multi-tissue post-zygotic mutation (i.e. mosaicism) is frequent, with detectable mosaic variation comprising 5.4% of all de novo mutations. We identify three mosaic missense and likely-gene disrupting mutations in genes previously implicated in ASD (KMT2C, NCKAP1, and MYH10) in probands but none in siblings. We find a strong ascertainment bias for mosaic mutations in probands relative to their unaffected siblings (p = 0.003). We build a model of de novo variation incorporating mosaic variants and errors in classification of mosaic status and from this model we estimate that 33% of mosaic mutations in probands contribute to 5.1% of simplex ASD diagnoses (95% credible interval 1.3% to 8.9%). Our results indicate a contributory role for multi-tissue mosaic mutation in some individuals with an ASD diagnosis.
Association between omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and risk of major cardiovascular disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

CONTEXT Considerable controversy exists regarding the association of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and major cardiovascular end points. OBJECTIVE To assess the role of omega-3 supplementation on major cardiovascular outcomes. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through August 2012. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of omega-3 on all-cause mortality, cardiac death, sudden death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. DATA EXTRACTION Descriptive and quantitative information was extracted; absolute and relative risk (RR) estimates were synthesized under a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic and I2. Subgroup analyses were performed for the presence of blinding, the prevention settings, and patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, and meta-regression analyses were performed for the omega-3 dose. A statistical significance threshold of . 0063 was assumed after adjustment for multiple comparisons. DATA SYNTHESIS Of the 3635 citations retrieved, 20 studies of 68,680 patients were included, reporting 7044 deaths, 3993 cardiac deaths, 1150 sudden deaths, 1837 myocardial infarctions, and 1490 strokes. No statistically significant association was observed with all-cause mortality (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.02; risk reduction [RD] -0.004, 95% CI, -0.01 to 0.02), cardiac death (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.98; RD, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.00), sudden death (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.01; RD, -0.003; 95% CI, -0.012 to 0.006), myocardial infarction (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.04; RD, -0.002; 95% CI, -0.007 to 0.002), and stroke (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.18; RD, 0.001; 95% CI, -0.002 to 0.004) when all supplement studies were considered. CONCLUSION Overall, omega-3 PUFA supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiac death, sudden death, myocardial infarction, or stroke based on relative and absolute measures of association.
Doppler-Hitchhiker: A Novel Passive Synthetic Aperture Radar Using Ultranarrowband Sources of Opportunity

In this paper, we present a novel synthetic aperture radar imaging modality that uses ultranarrowband sources of opportunity and passive airborne receivers to form an image of the ground. Due to its combined passive synthetic aperture and high Doppler resolution of the transmitted waveforms, we refer to this modality as the Doppler Synthetic Aperture Hitchhiker or Doppler-hitchhiker for short. Our imaging method first correlates the windowed signal obtained from one receiver with the scaled and translated version of the received signal in another window from the same or another receiver. We show that this correlation processing removes the transmitter-related variables from the phase of the resulting operator that maps the radiance of the scene to the correlated signals. We define a concept of passive Doppler scale factor using the radial velocities of the receivers. Next, we show that the scaled, translated, and correlated signal is the projection of the scene radiance onto the contours that are formed by the intersection of the surfaces of constant passive Doppler scale factor and ground topography. We use microlocal analysis to design a generalized filtered-backprojection operator to reconstruct the scene radiance from its projections. Our analysis shows that the resolution of the reconstructed images improves with the increased time duration and center frequency of the transmitted ultranarrowband signals. Our reconstruction method is analytic and therefore can be made computationally efficient. Furthermore, it easily accommodates arbitrary flight trajectories, nonflat topography, and system-related parameters. We present numerical simulations to demonstrate the performance of our imaging method.