Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noisebergs in Z Gaussian interference channels

We propose an efficient scheme to transmit information over a Z Gaussian interference channel. The scheme uses the concept of water filling to provide optimal power sharing among orthogonal dimensions. The model under investigation is an one-sided Gaussian interference channel with interference parameter a in the range (0,1), which can be recast as a degraded Gaussian interference channel. In the proposed solution, the notion of noisebergs (noise icebergs) arises, where noise power floats above signal power in a water filling representation of the problem, providing an improved allocation of power and degrees of freedom. The solution is best characterized by a graphical representation in the frequency domain.
Impact of different fluoride concentrations and pH of dentifrices on tooth erosion/abrasion in vitro.

BACKGROUND This in vitro study analysed the effect of different fluoride concentrations in acidic or neutral liquid dentifrices in protecting enamel and dentine from erosive and abrasive wear. METHODS Bovine enamel and dentine specimens (n = 132) were randomly allocated to 11 groups (each n = 12): experimental liquid dentifrices with 550 ppm F, 1100 ppm F, 5000 ppm F or 0 ppm F/placebo (each at pH 4.5 and pH 7.0); and commercial dentifrices with 550 ppm F (Colgate Baby, pH 7.0), 1100 ppm F (Crest, pH 7.0) and 5000 ppm F (Duraphat, pH 7.0). The specimens were subjected to erosion for 90 seconds, 4 times/day, over 7 days. Immediately after the first and last erosion, the specimens were brushed for 15 seconds using one of the dentifrices. Tooth wear was measured profilometrically (μm) and analysed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). RESULTS All fluoridated liquid dentifrices significantly reduced enamel wear compared to the placebo and commercial dentifrices. Only liquid dentifrices with 1100 and 5000 ppm F significantly reduced dentine wear compared to placebo dentifrice. The pH had no effect, but the consistency had a significant impact on the effect of dentifrices. CONCLUSIONS Liquid dentifrices with high F concentration appear to be a good option to prevent tooth wear.
Down-Regulation of MicroRNA-210 Confers Sensitivity towards 1’S-1’-Acetoxychavicol Acetate (ACA) in Cervical Cancer Cells by Targeting SMAD4

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate genes posttranscriptionally. Past studies have reported that miR-210 is up-regulated in many cancers including cervical cancer, and plays a pleiotropic role in carcinogenesis. However, its role in regulating response towards anti-cancer agents has not been fully elucidated. We have previously reported that the natural compound 1’S-1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is able to induce cytotoxicity in various cancer cells including cervical cancer cells. Hence, this study aims to investigate the mechanistic role of miR-210 in regulating response towards ACA in cervical cancer cells. In the present study, we found that ACA down-regulated miR-210 expression in cervical cancer cells, and suppression of miR-210 expression enhanced sensitivity towards ACA by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed increased expression of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4), which was predicted as a target of miR-210 by target prediction programs, following treatment with ACA. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-210 binds to sequences in 3′UTR of SMAD4. Furthermore, decreased in SMAD4 protein expression was observed when miR-210 was overexpressed. Conversely, SMAD4 protein expression increased when miR-210 expression was suppressed. Lastly, we demonstrated that overexpression of SMAD4 augmented the anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of ACA. Taken together, our results demonstrated that down-regulation of miR-210 conferred sensitivity towards ACA in cervical cancer cells by targeting SMAD4. These findings suggest that combination of miRNAs and natural compounds could provide new strategies in treating cervical cancer.
Optimal Transmitters for Hypothesis Testing over a Rayleigh Fading MAC

We consider the case when K sensors have strongly correlated measurements - they all observe a 0 or they all observe a 1. The two possibilities are to be tested at the output of a multiple access channel with Rayleigh fading coefficients, which are not known to the transmitter and the receiver. We study the problem of optimal transmitters for this case using the notion of generalized SNR (GSNR). Under certain symmetry and orthogonality restrictions on the transmitter, we find optimal and near-optimal transmission schemes. In particular, for low SNR, type-based multiple access is optimal, while for high SNR, the optimal strategy assigns orthogonal codewords across sensors. In between these two extremes, we identify optimal/near-optimal schemes for any fixed SNR. Simulation results for the probability of error are also given, which demonstrate the relevance of GSNR optimization.
CoopMAC: A Cooperative MAC for Wireless LANs

Due to the broadcast nature of wireless signals, a wireless transmission intended for a particular destination station can be overheard by other neighboring stations. A focus of recent research activities in cooperative communications is to achieve spatial diversity gains by requiring these neighboring stations to retransmit the overheard information to the final destination. In this paper we demonstrate that such cooperation among stations in a wireless LAN (WLAN) can achieve both higher throughput and lower interference. We present the design for a medium access control protocol called CoopMAC, in which high data rate stations assist low data rate stations in their transmission by forwarding their traffic. In our proposed protocol, using the overheard transmissions, each low data rate node maintains a table, called a CoopTable, of potential helper nodes that can assist in its transmissions. During transmission, each low data rate node selects either direct transmission or transmission through a helper node in order to minimize the total transmission time. Using analysis, simulation and testbed experimentation, we quantify the increase in the total network throughput, and the reduction in delay, if such cooperative transmissions are utilized. The CoopMAC protocol is simple and backward compatible with the legacy 802.11 system. In this paper, we also demonstrate a reduction in the signal-to-interference ratio in a dense deployment of 802.11 access points, which in some cases is a more important consequence of cooperation
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase–induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell activity is required for neuroprotection in retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury

Purpose In our previous study, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) played a neuroprotective role in retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. However, the mechanism of NF-κB neuroprotection is still unclear. We hypothesize that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is expressed and NF-κB activity induced by p38 MAPK plays a neuroprotective role through antiapoptotic genes (B-cell lymphoma [Bcl]-2 and Bcl-XL) in retinal cells in retinal I/R injury. Methods Retinal ischemia was induced by elevating intraocular pressure in rats. After retinal I/R, the p38 MAPK, NF-κB p65, Bcl-2, and Bcl-XL mRNA levels were measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction. NF-κB p65 activity was assessed with NF-κB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in retinal I/R injury and after application of the p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580). Furthermore, SB203580 and NF-κB p65 short interfering RNA (siRNA) were used in retinal I/R injury to examine the effects on Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL levels and nucleosome release in the retina and cell survival in the ganglion cell layer. Results The mRNA levels of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK reached a peak at 6 h after retinal I/R and then decreased gradually. The mRNA levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL significantly increased at 2, 4, and 6 h, peaked at 8 h, and decreased gradually, but remained at a higher level compared with the normal control, which was accompanied by an increase in NF-κB p65 in nuclear extracts. After application of SB203580, the increase in the NF-κB p65 levels in the nucleus induced with I/R was completely abolished, and the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL decreased significantly compared with the I/R controls. In addition, NF-κB p65 siRNA inhibited Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression. Inhibition of the p38 MAPK-NF-κB pathway (using SB203580 or NF-κB p65 siRNA) increased retinal nucleosome release and decreased the number of ganglion cells. Conclusions These findings provide evidence of crosstalk between p38 MAPK and NF-κB p65 and demonstrate a possible neuroprotective role for the p38 MAPK-NF-κB pathway through Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL in retinal I/R injury in rats.
Variations in amniotic membrane: relevance for clinical applications

The amniotic membrane (AM) has found several clinical applications for ophthalmic indications, in particular, those related to ocular surface (OS) diseases. Successful results have been reported after use in treatment of persistent corneal epithelial defects, bullous keratopathy, acute and late stages of chemical burns and OS inflammatory diseases such as Stevens Johnson syndrome and after excision of conjunctival lesions, besides others.1–3 The AM has a complex structure, and several layers have been described. Essentially, it is composed of a metabolically active epithelium, which rests on a basement membrane and an avascular stroma. The epithelium and the stroma contain several growth factors, cytokines and other metabolically active substances. The transforming growth factor (TGFb) and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) are major and important growth factors. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-10 and IL-1ra, metalloproteases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases, and others have also been described.3 4 The mechanism of action of the membrane is not precisely known. Much of its beneficial effect can be attributed to its role as a substrate or scaffold supporting cell growth, migration and adhesion.5 The actions …
MIMO 8×8 antenna with two H-slotted rectangular patch array for 5G access radio at 15 GHz

Mobile communications utilize higher frequencies to increase bandwidth for increased throughput, one of the frequencies used is 15 GHz. Higher frequencies above 10 GHz are risky because of fading which to overcome it requires MIMO antenna system. This paper presents the design of MIMO microstrip antennas with 8 elements placed in base station. Each element is a two rectangular patches microstrip array with an H-shape slot and insert feed. The material used is Duroid Rogers 5880 with relative dielectric permittivity of 2.2 in 1.575 mm substrate, and the conductor is 35 μm thickness of copper for radiator and ground plane. The measurement of realized antenna results VSWR > 1.5 or return loss < −14 dB in the range of 14.50 to 15.25 GHz, the gain is 9.61 dB with elliptical polarization and unidirectional radiation pattern. The results show the antenna with the bandwidth of 750 MHz is wide enough for both indoor and outdoor radio access in 5G wireless communication system in base station.
A unified graph model for personalized query-oriented reference paper recommendation

With the tremendous amount of research publications, it has become increasingly important to provide a researcher with a rapid and accurate recommendation of a list of reference papers about a research field or topic. In this paper, we propose a unified graph model that can easily incorporate various types of useful information (e.g., content, authorship, citation and collaboration networks etc.) for efficient recommendation. The proposed model not only allows to thoroughly explore how these types of information can be better combined, but also makes personalized query-oriented reference paper recommendation possible, which as far as we know is a new issue that has not been explicitly addressed in the past. The experiments have demonstrated the clear advantages of personalized recommendation over non-personalized recommendation.
A study of two data grid interpolation algorithm based on surfer software

It is not easy to use limited point-source data to provide a precise description of the morphology of a geological surface, and it always needs different kinds of data grid interpolation to make up the vacancy between the data sources. In many geosciences research fields there is need for interpolating from irregularly spaced data source to generate digital elevation models (DEM), however the point-source data from the different spatial shapes will directly affect the result of interpolation. This paper presents a comparison of two kinds of data grid interpolation methods-modified Shepard's method interpolation and radial basis function interpolation based on Surfer Software, using a specific mathematical surface function to select point-source data to present interpolation and calculation, theoretically using the different point-source data works out the difference of these two interpolation method generated by the GRID surface model, and it summarizes how to obtain valid point-source data to improve the effect of girding data interpolation.
An Interactive Spatial Model of Pulicat Lagoon Using Geographic Information System

In recent years, modeling has emerged as an invaluable tool for understanding the functioning of coastal lagoons. Modelling the environmental characteristics of the coastal area near the Bay of Bengal, India has received increasing attention from researchers in the past years. This interest has stimulated a scientific investigation of lagoon ecosystems, which have been studied from the physical, chemical, biological and ecological points of view. Finding the inter-relationships among the environmental factors of an ecosystem is crucial to address the measures to be taken for the sustainable development of ecoresources. In this study, a spatial model has been attempted in applying these inter-relationships to understand and visualize a complex lagoon ecosystem along the south east coast of India. Owing to its unique hydrology and biogeochemistry, Pulicat lagoon, a coastal lake, was chosen for building a spatial model to represent its ecological status. Data concerning the environmental parameters were collected based on a comprehensive study conducted in the lagoon in years 2005 and 2006. An interactive spatial information system has been generated for the lagoon. A modelling environment has been developed using Geographic Information System (GIS) components called MapObjects in a Visual Basic environment. In this study, we attempted to develop and use an interactive GIS application to model a coastal brackish water environment. The output of the research is intended to be used in the process of decision-making in order to help environmental managers and administrators involved in the preservation and restoration of the Pulicat lagoon ecosystem.
Solving the Travelling Salesman Problem with the Excel Sort Function and Visual Basic for Applications

This paper develops and tests the performance of a new and novel heuristic algorithm for solving the Travelling Salesman Problem. The algorithm is relatively easy to understand and apply because it is implemented within Excel using the sort function and the Visual Basic for Applications programming language. The method has an error function that varies linearly with the problem size. Empirical testing shows that it works well for small problems, but it could be extended to solve larger ones.
Optimizing Content Dissemination in Vehicular Networks with Radio Heterogeneity

Disseminating shared information to many vehicles could incur significant access fees if it relies only on unicast cellular communications. We consider the problem of efficient content dissemination over a vehicular network, in which vehicles are equipped with two kinds of radios: a high-cost low-bandwidth, long-range cellular radio, and a free high-bandwidth short-range radio. We formulate and solve an optimization problem to maximize content dissemination from the infrastructure to vehicles within a predetermined deadline while minimizing the cost associated with communicating over the cellular connection. We examine numerically the tradeoffs between cost, delay and system utility in the optimum regime. We find that, in the optimum regime, (a) system utility is more sensitive to the cost budget when the allowed delay for the dissemination is not large, (b) the system requires relatively smaller cost budget as more vehicles participate and more delay is allowed, (c) when the cost is very important, it is better not to spread the content if it needs small delay. We also develop a polynomial-time algorithm to obtain the optimal discrete solution needed in practice. Finally, we verify our analysis using real GPS traces of 632 taxis in Beijing, China.
Optimizing Unlicensed Spectrum Sharing for LTE-U and WiFi Network Coexistence

Long-term evolution in unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) is an emerging technology for expanding cellular network capacity without additional spectrum cost. This paper investigates effective spectrum sharing for coexisting Wi-Fi and LTE-U services. Based on a novel hyper access point (HAP) we introduced for effectively embedding LTE-U in unlicensed Wi-Fi band, LTE-U can directly take advantage of the Wi-Fi point coordination function protocol. To facilitate the coexistence, our HAP dedicates a contention-free period to LTE-U users and allows a contention period (CP) for traditional Wi-Fi users. We investigate the optimization of joint user association and resource allocation to further improve system throughput and user fairness. We formulate a network utility maximization problem based on the Nash bargaining solution (NBS), for which we derive a closed-form expression for the optimal CP length under a given user association. We analyze this NBS-based utility maximization and the performance of the proposed algorithm under log-normal fading, Rayleigh fading, and Rician fading channel models, respectively. Our numerical results corroborate our analysis and demonstrate effective improvement of the system performance by the proposed HAP algorithm against traditional LTE-U deployment.
Nanoscale Cellular Foams from a Poly(propylene)-Rubber Blend

Plastic foams with nano/micro-scale cellular structures were prepared from poly(propylene)/ thermoplastic polystyrene elastomer (PP/TPS) systems, specifically the copolymer blends PP/ hydrogenated polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene rubber and PP/hydrogen-ated polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene. These PP/TPS systems have the unique characteristic that the elastomer domain can be highly dispersed and oriented in the machine direction by changing the draw-down ratio in the extrusion process. A temperature-quench batch physical foaming method was used to foam these two systems with CO 2 . The cell size and location were highly controlled in the dispersed elastomer domains by exploiting the differences in CO 2 solubility, diffusivity, and viscoelasticity between the elastomer domains and the PP matrix. The average cell diameter of the PP/ TPS blend foams was controlled to be 200-400 nm on the finest level by manipulating the PP/rubber ratio, the draw-down ratio of extrusion and the foaming temperature. Furthermore, the cellular structure could be highly oriented in one direction by using the highly-oriented elastomer domains in the polymer blend morphology as a template for foaming.
International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences a Comprehensive Review on Ethosomes

Ethosomes are noninvasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to reach the deep skin layers and the systemic circulation. Although ethosomal systems are conceptually sophisticated, they are simple in their preparation, safe for use a combination that can highly expand their application. Ethosomes are soft, malleable vesicles tailored for enhanced delivery of active agents. Because of their unique structure, ethosomes are able to encapsulate and deliver through the skin highly lipophilic molecules such as cannabinoids, testosterone, and minoxidil, as well as cationic drugs such as propranolol, trihexaphenidyl, Cyclosporine, insulin, salbutamol etc. Enhanced delivery of bioactive molecules through the skin and cellular membranes by means of an ethosomal carrier opens numerous challenges and opportunities for the research and future development of novel improved therapies. Ethosomes are gaining popularity in designing drug delivery systems for topical and transdermal use for their capability to reach deep skin layers and systemic circulation. Although ethosomes are conceptually sophisticated, they are simple in preparation and safe for use. Although with their high efficiency, the ethosomes show potential for expansion of their applications. The aim of the review to make a comprehensive account on properties and preparation of ethosomes followed by the characterization and the list of drugs encapsulated in ethosomes in last 15 years.
Continuous Gesture Recognition using a Sparse Bayesian Classifier

An approach to recognise and segment 9 elementary gestures from a video input is proposed and it can be applied to continuous sign recognition. An isolated gesture is recognised by first converting a portion of video into a motion gradient orientation image and then classifying it into one of the 9 gestures by a sparse Bayesian classifier. The portion of video used is decided by using a sampling technique based on condensation framework. By doing so, gestures can be segmented from the video in a probabilistic manner. Experiments show that the proposed method can achieve accuracy around 90% in both isolated and continuous gesture recognition without using special equipment such as glove devices and the system can run in real-time