Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiation‐induced oral mucositis in mice: strain differences

Abstract. The present study was initiated to investigate strain differences in oral mucosal radiosensitivity in mice with regard to induction of clinically manifest ulceration. Mouse ventral tongue epithelium was used as an established animal model for radiobiological studies of radiation‐induced mucositis. Mice from two different strains, C3H/Neu (n = 40) from the Dresden colony, and B6D2F1 (n = 50) from the Harlan/Winkelmann UK colony were subjected to irradiation of tongue mucosa. Graded single doses were applied to a 3 × 3 mm2 test field in the centre of the lower tongue with 25 kV X‐rays in order to generate full dose‐effect curves for acute mucosal ulceration, as a clinically relevant reaction. For both groups, dose‐effect curves were computed by logit analysis; comparison of the curves was by maximum‐likelihood χ2 test. In addition, the time course of ulceration, i.e. latent time and individual ulcer duration, was analysed. In both mouse strains, a well‐defined dose effect was observed. The ED50 values, i.e. the doses at which ulceration is expected in 50% of the animals irradiated, and their standard deviation σ, calculated by logit analysis, can be used to describe radiosensitivity. The ED50 was 11.0 ± 3.4 Gy (95% confidence interval (7.2; 15.4), P for dose dependence: 0.014) and 13.4 ± 3.6 Gy (95% confidence interval (10.6; 16.1), P for dose dependence: 0.0002) in C3H and BDF1 mice, respectively. Hence, oral mucosa in BDF1 mice was found to be marginally more radioresistant (P = 0.1). The latent time to ulceration, i.e. the time between irradiation and first diagnosis of ulcer, was 11.6 ± 0.2 days (mean ± SEM, n = 18) in C3H mice and 5.6 ± 0.1 days (n = 27) in BDF1 mice (P = 0.0001). Both were independent of dose (PC3H = 0.94, PBDF1 = 0.33) and hence were calculated for all responding animals of the respective strain. Ulcer duration was 2.8 ± 0.2 days and 2.4 ± 0.1 days in C3H and B6 mice, respectively, and was also independent of dose (PC3H = 0.25, PBDF1 = 0.99), but was dependent on the mouse strain (P = 0.036). In conclusion, no statistically significant difference in oral mucosal radiosensitivity was observed between the mouse strains. This, however, may be attributed to the small number of animals used per dose group. The time course data, with a shorter latency and ulcer duration in BDF1 mice, are in good accordance with the higher proliferation rates reported for oral mucosa in this mouse strain.
SIMULATIO N A N D VISUALIZATIO N OF WATER FLOW

At present the problematic of floods is larger than ever because global warming, deforestation and other factors increase chance of flood creation. As prevention to floods, designing of many new anti-floods projects have been started. In the future, these projects will stop floods completely or at least reduce their consequences. Water flow simulation and visualization is an integral part of this process. Simulation is used for testing, if the project meets flood protection requirements. Visualization is used for presenting and helps investors and wide public to better understand these projects. Stereoscopic visualization can be also used, because displaying of outputs from simulation and visualization is important, too. This paper aims at fluid flow simulation and visualization software. Also aims at hardware that can be used for stereoscopic visualization.
Comparing Bio-efficacy of Liquid DL-methionine Hydroxy Analogue Free Acid with DL-methionine in Broiler Chickens

The present experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue free fatty acid (MHA- FA) in comparison to DL-methionine (DL-Met) utilizing day-old commercial broiler chicks (n=300). The chicks were randomly distributed into 30 groups of 10 chicks each. Three dietary treatments, viz. D1-maize-soybean meal based basal diet (Control), D2- control diet supplemented with DL- methionine to meet its requirements and D3-control supplemented with MHA-FA @ 1.54 times of DL-methionine used in D2, were formulated. Each dietary treatment was offered to 10 replicated groups of chicks following completely random design (CRD). The chicks fed on supplemental DL-Met had significantly higher (p 0.05) amongst the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets with DL-Met or MHA-FA were higher (p<0.01) than that in Control. Abdominal fat pad was also more (p<0.01) in broilers fed control diet than in DL-Met or MHA-FA supplemented group. Breast yield was higher (p<0.05) in MHA-FA fed broilers than those fed DL-methionine supplemented or un-supplemented diets. The efficacy of MHA-FA in comparison to DL-Met for growth was 62.11, 64.82 and 63.88% and for feed efficiency was 62.98, 67.73 and 64.01% at 0-3, 3-6 and 0-6 weeks of age, respectively, while it was 65.85, 71.40 and 67.49% for eviscerated yield, abdominal fat pad reduction and breast yield at 6 weeks of age, respectively. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 1 : 102-108)
The cuprizone model for demyelination

Background – Important advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) research have been made as a direct or indirect result of experiments in animal models for the disease, although MS is a disease only affecting humans. The cuprizone model is a model for toxic demyelination. In this model, young mice are fed with the copper chelator cuprizone, leading to oligodendrocyte death and a subsequent reversible demyelination. Spontaneous remyelination can be seen as early as 4 days after withdrawal of cuprizone.
Air mattress sensor system with balancing tube for unconstrained measurement of respiration and heart beat movements

The cardio-respiratory signal is a fundamental vital sign used for assessment of a patient's status. Additionally, the cardio-respiratory signal provides a great deal of information to healthcare providers wishing to monitor healthy individuals. The air mattress sensor system allows the measurement of the respiration and heart beat movements without the use of a harness or sensor on the subject's body, which eliminates the difficulties these pose for long term measurements. In order to increase the sensitivity, a differential measurement technique between two air cells was used. The concept of a balancing tube between two air cells is suggested in order to increase the robustness against postural changes during the measurements. With this balancing tube, the meaningful frequency range could be selected using a pneumatic method. A mathematical model was constructed and validation experiments were performed for step and sinusoidal input signals. This technique was applied to measurements of respiration and heart beat movements in the supine posture on the bed, which showed potential for applications in sleep analysis, unconstrained healthcare monitoring and neonate monitoring.
In vitro immunologic and virologic effects of interleukin 15 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal donors and human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients

Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that shares receptor subunits and functional activity, such as T-cell and B-cell stimulation, with IL-2. The effect of IL-2 on immune function and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load in HIV-infected patients is being actively studied. Thus, we examined how IL-15 compares with IL-2 in several in vitro immunologic and virologic assays in order to explore whether a rationale exists for pursuing initial clinical therapeutic trials with IL-15. The effects of IL-15 on induction of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production from HIV-positive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and HIV production from PBMCs were studied. Induction of LAK cells by IL-15 was found in eight of eight HIV-positive donors. Incubation of PBMCs from some donors with IL-15 (1, 10, 50, and 100 ng/ml) induced production of IFN-gamma. The effect of IL-15 was compared with that of IL-2 on HIV replication in PBMCs from five HIV-positive patients and four HIV-negative donors whose PBMCs were infected in vitro with HIV. Levels of HIV p24 antigen were moderately lower in the presence of 10 ng of IL-15 per ml than with 10 ng of IL-2 per ml, but they were similar for 100 and 500 ng of each cytokine per ml. In summary, IL-15 can induce LAK cell activity in HIV-seropositive patients and can stimulate IFN-gamma production from PBMCs of some donors. IL-15 stimulates levels of HIV production from PBMCs which are similar to or moderately lower than those obtained with IL-2, depending on cytokine concentration.
An Assessment of Global Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Products for Regional Applications

Precipitation (P) and evapotranspiration (ET) are the key factors determining water availability for water resource management activities in river basins. While global P and ET data products have become more accessible, their performances in river basins with a diverse climate and landscape remain less discussed. This paper evaluated the performance of four representative global P (CHIRPSP, GLDASP, TRMMP and PersiannP) and ET products (CSIROET, GLDASET, MODET and TerraClimateET) against the reference data provided by the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP) in the Murray Darling Basin (MDB) of Australia. The disparities among the data products both in the period from 2001 to 2016 and across the 22 catchments of MDB were related to a set of catchment characteristics (climate, terrain, etc.) to explore any possible contributors. The results show that the four global P products presented overall high consistency with AWAPP across the MDB catchments except in southeastern catchments with abundant rainfalls and large terrain variations. The Penman–Monteith algorithm based MODET underestimated ET in the MDB, especially in the arid, less vegetation covered catchments. While the CSIROET, which also estimated with the Penman–Monteith method, presented overall better estimations, which can be attributed to the better parameterization of the landscape in the simulation processes. The hydrological model based TerraClimateET showed overall good consistency with AWAPET except in the arid catchments, which might be attributed to the simplified water balance model it applied, however it did not adequately reflect the intensive ground water uses in these catchments. The findings indicated that basin and catchment characteristics had impacts on the accuracy of global products and therefore provided important implications for choosing appropriate product and/or conducting field calibrations for potential users in large basins characterized with diverse rainfall, terrain variations and land use patterns.
Mutation of the Erwinia amylovora argD Gene Causes Arginine Auxotrophy, Nonpathogenicity in Apples, and Reduced Virulence in Pears

ABSTRACT Fire blight is caused by Erwinia amylovora and is the most destructive bacterial disease of apples and pears worldwide. In this study, we found that E. amylovora argD(1000)::Tn5, an argD Tn5 transposon mutant that has the Tn5 transposon inserted after nucleotide 999 in the argD gene-coding region, was an arginine auxotroph that did not cause fire blight in apple and had reduced virulence in immature pear fruits. The E. amylovora argD gene encodes a predicted N-acetylornithine aminotransferase enzyme, which is involved in the production of the amino acid arginine. A plasmid-borne copy of the wild-type argD gene complemented both the nonpathogenic and the arginine auxotrophic phenotypes of the argD(1000)::Tn5 mutant. However, even when mixed with virulent E. amylovora cells and inoculated onto immature apple fruit, the argD(1000)::Tn5 mutant still failed to grow, while the virulent strain grew and caused disease. Furthermore, the pCR2.1-argD complementation plasmid was stably maintained in the argD(1000)::Tn5 mutant growing in host tissues without any antibiotic selection. Therefore, the pCR2.1-argD complementation plasmid could be useful for the expression of genes, markers, and reporters in E. amylovora growing in planta, without concern about losing the plasmid over time. The ArgD protein cannot be considered an E. amylovora virulence factor because the argD(1000)::Tn5 mutant was auxotrophic and had a primary metabolism defect. Nevertheless, these results are informative about the parasitic nature of the fire blight disease interaction, since they indicate that E. amylovora cannot obtain sufficient arginine from apple and pear fruit tissues or from apple vegetative tissues, either at the beginning of the infection process or after the infection has progressed to an advanced state.
Model shape oriented robust matching of dot cloud data based and its application to defect recognition

We propose a robust algorithm for matching three-dimensional dot cloud data in an effort to detect defects during manufacturing processes. We apply our proposed method to inspect a complex three-dimensional die-cast product. Our approach recognizes the difference between two data sets as a defect after matching the data sets. Moreover, our method improves matching accuracy by detecting geometrical features such as edge points, and by using such property values as gradients. Fundamental experiments using real three-dimensional dot cloud data show that the method is effective as a defect inspection system.
Context-dependent flow-sensitive interprocedural dataflow analysis

Interprocedural dataflow analysis is useful in compiler optimization, automatic vectorization and parallelization, dataflow anomaly detection, and software maintenance applications such as program revalidation, and software tools that make a program more understandable by showing data dependencies. These applications require the solution of dataflow problems such as reaching definitions, live variables, available expressions, and definition-use chains. When solving these problems interprocedurally, the context of each call must be taken into account. In this paper, a method to solve this kind of dataflow problem is presented. This method consists of special dataflow equations that are solved for a program flowgraph. In deference to calling context, separate sets, called entry and body sets, are maintained at each node in the flowgraph. The entry set contains calling-context effects that enter a procedure. The body set contains effects that result from statements in the procedure. By isolating calling-context effects in the entry set, a call's nonkilled calling context is preserved by means of a simple intersection operation done at the return node for that call. The main advantages of this method are its precision and low complexity, and the fact that the presence of recursion does not affect the accuracy of the result.
Interannual Variability of the North Pacific Mixed Layer Associated with the Spring Tibetan Plateau Thermal Forcing

By using multisourced data and two sets of sensitivity runs from the coupled general circulation model CESM1.2. 0, we investigated the effects of the spring [March, April, and May (MAM)] surface sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau (SHTP) on the interannual variability of the North Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer. The results indicated that an above-normal MAM SHTP can generate a Rossby wave downstream and form an anomalous equivalent barotropic anticyclone over the North Pacific, inducing anticyclonic wind stress anomalies. As a result of Ekman transport and Ekman pumping, sea currents converge near 40°N, accompanied by weak downwelling motion. The mixed layer heat budget diagnosis indicates that the net heat fluxes, together with meridional advection anomalies, contributed significantly to changes in the mixed layer temperature (MLT). As a result, the SST anomalies (SSTAs) and MLT anomalies both present a horseshoelike pattern. In addition, the significant warm SSTAs show a maximum in the late spring, but the significant warm MLT anomalies centered under the sea surface (25-m depth) could be sustained until summer, acting like a signal storage for the anomalous spring SHTP. Moreover, the midlatitude ocean–atmosphere interaction provides a positive feedback on the development of the anomalous anticyclone over the North Pacific, since the SSTA pattern could strengthen the oceanic front and induce more active transient eddy activities. The eddy vorticity forcing that is dominant among the total atmospheric forcings tends to produce an equivalent barotropic atmospheric high pressure, which in turn intensifies the initial anomalous anticyclone.
Dual connectivity for LTE small cell evolution: functionality and performance aspects

DC is one of the most important features introduced in Release 12 of the 3GPP specifications. DC aims at increasing the per-user throughput by improving the utilization of radio resources across two base stations connected via non-ideal backhaul (X2) and operating on different carrier frequencies. By making it possible to maintain the connection to the primary cell located in the macro base station while accessing the extra capacity provided by the small cell layer, DC can also improve the mobility performance in small cell deployments. This article gives an overview of the DC feature as standardized in Release 12. We summarize the supported scenarios and the DC functionality, and also demonstrate by means of detailed system-level simulations how DC can improve end-user throughput and mobility performance.
Acute Endocrine and Force Responses and Long-Term Adaptations to Same-Session Combined Strength and Endurance Training in Women

Abstract Eklund, D, Schumann, M, Kraemer, WJ, Izquierdo, M, Taipale, RS, and Häkkinen, K. Acute endocrine and force responses and long-term adaptations to same-session combined strength and endurance training in women. J Strength Cond Res 30(1): 164–175, 2016—This study examined acute hormone and force responses and strength and endurance performance and muscle hypertrophy before and after 24 weeks of same-session combined strength and endurance training in previously untrained women. Subjects were assigned 1 of 2 training orders: endurance preceding strength (E + S, n = 15) or vice versa (S + E, n = 14). Acute force and hormone responses to a combined loading (continuous cycling and a leg press protocol in the assigned order) were measured. Additionally, leg press 1 repetition maximum (1RM), maximal workload during cycling (Wmax), and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) were assessed. Loading-induced decreases in force were significant (p < 0.01–0.001) before (E + S = 20 ± 11%, S + E = 18 ± 5%) and after (E + S = 24 ± 6%, S + E = 22 ± 8%) training. Recovery was completed within 24 hours in both groups. The acute growth hormone (GH) response was significantly (p < 0.001) higher after S + E than E + S at both weeks 0 and 24. Testosterone was significantly (p < 0.001) elevated only after the S + E loading at week 24 but was not significantly different from E + S. Both groups significantly (p < 0.001) improved 1RM (E + S = 13 ± 12%, S + E = 16 ± 10%), Wmax (E + S = 21 ± 10%, S + E = 16 ± 12%), and CSA (E + S = 15 ± 10%, S + E = 11 ± 8%). This study showed that the acute GH response to combined endurance and strength loadings was significantly larger in S + E compared with E + S both before and after 24 weeks of same-session combined training. Strength and endurance performance and CSA increased to similar extents in both groups during 24 weeks despite differences in the kinetics of GH. Previously untrained women can improve performance and increase muscle CSA using either exercise order.
Beam Collimation during Lumbar Spine Radiography: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Collimating the primary beam to the area of diagnostic interest (ADI) has been strongly recommended as an effective method to reduce patient’s radiation dose and to improve image quality during radiology practice. Lack or inadequate collimation results in excessive radiation dose to patients and deterioration image quality. Objective: To assess the quality of beam collimation during lumbar spine radiography at two general hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 830 digital antero-posterior (AP) lumbar spine radiographs in term of beam collimation. For each radiograph, the distance between current and optimal collimation was calculated (in cm). The area of ADI and total field size for each radiograph were also calculated (in cm2). Results: The total mean ADI and irradiated region outside ADI for each radiograph were estimated 360 and 454 cm2, respectively. The total irradiated region outside ADI was 1.26 times more than ADI. In contrast to cranial regions outside ADI, caudal regions were more commonly included inside the primary beam (12% vs. 24.4%; P-value <0.005). At least in 62% of radiographs evaluated, ovaries were included in the primary beam. Conclusion: Radiographers should make considerable effort to limit the primary beam to the ADI to reduce patient’s exposure and to increase image quality.
Con-textual navigation support

Abstract The exponentially increasing amount of information being made available world-widely through a basic form of hypertext technology creates problems and opportunities for advancing the state of the art in human-machine interaction. The major problem for users is to find their way in this heterogeneous hyperspace and to quickly access the information they need, the major opportunity is the connectivity and interactivity between a substantial population and a considerable amount of resources and knowledge. In this paper we present, through an example application, a novel way of supporting the user of a WWW application. The approach is novel in that we generate a context-sensitive meta-text to serve as a navigation guide for an existing application (rather than to make the application itself user adaptive) and that we use a very dynamic user model, trying to capture the user's minute-to-minute evolving context. We finally discuss how the foundations of this approach fit into a radically new way of sup.
Liver Metastases from Gastric Carcinoma: Report of a Patient Treated with Adoptive Immunotherapy (Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes plus Interleukin-2 and Subsequently Local-Regional Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells plus inTerleukin-2)

A 37-year-old patient with liver metastases from gastric cancer was treated with a double adoptive immunotherapy regimen comprising tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes plus interleukin-2 and subsequently local-regional lymphokine-activated killer cells plus interleukin-2 because of an extremely high in vitro cytotoxic specific activity on established gastric cancer cell lines. The necrosis verified in the center of the hepatic metastasis would appear to demonstrate treatment efficacy, but no clinical response was seen. In vitro cytotoxicity data alone are insufficient to predict the clinical efficacy of adoptive immunotherapy.
Joint Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Cloud Based Wireless HetNets

In this paper, we study the joint computation offloading and resource allocation problem in the two-tier wireless heterogeneous network (HetNet). Our design aims to optimize the computation offloading to the cloud jointly with the subchannel allocation to minimize the maximum (min-max) weighted energy consumption subject to practical constraints on bandwidth, computing resource and allowable latency for the multi-user multitask computation system. To tackle this non-convex mixed integer non-linear problem (MINLP), we employ the bisection search method to solve it where we propose a novel approach to transform and verify the feasibility of the underlying problem in each iteration. In addition, we propose a low-complexity algorithm, which can decrease the number of binary optimization variables and enable more scalable computation offloading optimization in the practical wireless HetNets. Numerical studies confirm that the proposed design achieves the energy saving gains about 55% in comparison with the local computation scheme under the strict required latency of 0.1s.