Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Methods for Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity Classification

Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in children under the age of five. In particular, low birth weight and low gestational age are associated with an increased risk of mortality. Preterm birth also increases the risks of several complications, which can increase the risk of death, or cause long-term morbidities with both individual and societal impacts. In this work, we use machine learning for prediction of neonatal mortality as well as neonatal morbidities of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and retinopathy of prematurity, among very low birth weight infants. Our predictors include time series data and clinical variables collected at the neonatal intensive care unit of Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital. We examine 9 different classifiers and present our main results in AUROC, similar to our previous studies, and in F1-score, which we propose for classifier selection in this study. We also investigate how the predictive performance of the classifiers evolves as the length of time series is increased, and examine the relative importance of different features using the random forest classifier, which we found to generally perform the best in all tasks. Our systematic study also involves different data preprocessing methods which can be used to improve classifier sensitivities. Our best classifier AUROC is 0.922 in the prediction of mortality, 0.899 in the prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 0.806 in the prediction of necrotizing enterocolitis, and 0.846 in the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity. Our best classifier F1-score is 0.493 in the prediction of mortality, 0.704 in the prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 0.215 in the prediction of necrotizing enterocolitis, and 0.368 in the prediction of retinopathy of prematurity.
Proteomic analysis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma specimens identifies patient outcome-associated proteins.

CONTEXT Global proteomic analysis of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma was performed to identify changes that reflect patient outcomes. OBJECTIVES To identify differentially expressed proteins associated with patient outcomes and to explore the use of imaging mass spectrometry as a clinical tool to identify clinically relevant proteins. DESIGN Two-dimensional separation of digested peptides generated from 43 specimens with high-resolution mass spectrometry identified proteins associated with disease-specific death, distant metastasis, and loco-regional recurrence. RNA expressions had been correlated to protein levels to test transcriptional regulation of clinically relevant proteins. Imaging mass spectrometry explored an alternative platform for assessing clinically relevant proteins that would complement surgical pathologic diagnosis. RESULTS Seventy-two peptide features were found to be associated with 3 patient outcomes: disease-specific death (9), distant metastasis (16), and loco-regional recurrence (39); 8 of them were associated with multiple outcomes. Functional ontology revealed major changes in cell adhesion and calcium binding. Thirteen RNAs showed strong correlation with their encoded proteins, implying transcriptional control. Reduction of DSP, PKP1, and TRIM29 was associated with significantly shorter time to onset of distant metastasis. Reduction of PKP1 and TRIM29 correlated with poorer disease-specific survival. Additionally, S100A8 and S100A9 reductions were verified for their association with poor prognosis using imaging mass spectrometry, a platform more adaptable for use with surgical pathology. CONCLUSIONS Using global proteomic analysis, we have identified proteins associated with clinical outcomes. The list of clinically relevant proteins observed will provide a means to develop clinical assays for prognosis and optimizing treatment selection.
Speech recognition performance of pediatric Clarion patients.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the speech performance of children with the Clarion Multi-Strategy Cochlear Implant. PATIENTS Prelingually deafened children who had received the Clarion implant. METHODS The Spondee and Monosyllable Word Identification subtest of the Early Speech Perception test, the Glendonald Auditory Screening Procedure (GASP), and the Phonetically Balanced Kindergarten test (PB-K) were administered to subjects 3 and 6 months after implantation. RESULTS At 3 months, subjects' performance was higher than preoperatively with hearing aids. At 6 months, performance improved further. Scores were higher on the ESP and GASP than on the PB-K. The scores indicate better levels of speech recognition than were obtained with older implant processing strategies. Subjects varied considerably in their performance. The results are preliminary because of the small sample.
Tracing a Paradigm for Externalization: Avatars and the GPII Nexus

We will situate the concept of an avatar (a working simulacrum of part of a system separated from it in space or time) with respect to traditional concepts of programming language and systems design. Whilst much theory and practice argues in favour of insulation (the creation of architectural boundaries prohibiting the leakage of information) we will find that many successful systems take a diametrically opposed approach. We name this family of systems as those based on externalised state transfer. Rather than hiding implementation details behind APIs, object interfaces or similar, these systems actively advertise their internal structure and its coordinates via data and metadata. Examples of these systems include RESTful web applications, MIDI devices, and the DWARF debugging file format. We discuss such systems and how we can purposefully design new systems embodying such virtues in a more distilled form.
Effect of prolonged exercise on muscle citrate concentration before and after endurance training in men.

It has been hypothesized that endurance training reduces carbohydrate utilization during exercise via citrate-mediated inhibition of phosphofructokinase (PFK). To test this hypothesis, vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were obtained from eight men before and immediately (approximately 10 s) after 2 h of cycle ergometer exercise at 60% of pretraining peak O2 uptake, both before and after 12 wk of endurance exercise training (3 days/wk running, 3 days/wk interval cycling). Training increased muscle citrate synthase (CS) activity from 3.69 +/- 0.48 (SE) to 5.30 +/- 0.42 mol.h-1.kg protein-1 and decreased the mean respiratory exchange ratio during exercise from 0.92 +/- 0.01 to 0.88 +/- 0.01 (both P < 0.001). Muscle citrate concentration at the end of exercise correlated significantly with CS activity (r = 0.70; P < 0.005) and was slightly but not significantly higher after training (0.80 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.54 +/- 0.19 mmol/kg dry wt; P = 0.16). Muscle glucose 6-phosphate (G-6-P) concentration at the end of exercise, however, was 31% lower in the trained state (1.17 +/- 0.10 vs. 1.66 +/- 0.27 mmol/kg dry wt; P < 0.05), in keeping with a 36% decrease in the amount of muscle glycogen utilized (133 +/- 22 vs. 209 +/- 19 mmol.kg dry wt-1.2 h-1; P < 0.01). The lower G-6-P concentration after training suggests that the training-induced reduction in carbohydrate utilization results from attenuation of flux before the PFK step in glycolysis and is not due to citrate-mediated inhibition of PFK.
Breast-cancer-related lymphedema: information, symptoms, and risk-reduction behaviors.

PURPOSE To explore the effect of providing lymphedema information on breast cancer survivors' symptoms and practice of risk-reduction behaviors. DESIGN A cross-sectional design was used to obtain data from 136 breast-cancer survivors in New York City from August 2006 to May 2007. Descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and correlations were calculated. METHODS Data were collected using a demographic and medical information interview tool, two questions regarding status of receiving lymphedema information, the Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire, and Lymphedema Risk-Reduction Behavior Checklist. FINDINGS Fifty-seven percent of the participants reported that they received lymphedema information. On average, participants had three lymphedema-related symptoms. Only 18% of participants were free of symptoms. Participants who received information reported significantly fewer symptoms (t=3.03; p<0.00) and practicing more risk-reduction behaviors (t=2.42; p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Providing lymphedema information has an effect on symptom reduction and more risk-reduction behaviors being practiced among breast cancer survivors. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In clinical practice, nurses and other healthcare professionals could consider taking the initiative to provide adequate and accurate information and engage breast-cancer survivors in supportive dialogues concerning lymphedema risk-reduction.
A prototypal PCB board for the EMI characterization of SiC-based innovative switching devices

In this paper, a preliminary PCB board for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characterization of innovative silicon-carbide (SiC) based switching devices is presented. Packaging technological issues can determine hurdles in the high-frequency switching and high power regime where wide band gap semiconductors are intended today for Electric Vehicle (EV) applications. In particular, the parasitic inductances that emerge in such devices, must be assessed, by using e.g. EMI techniques. In this specific case, the EMI characterization is supposed to be carried out in a semi-anechoic chamber, available at the University of Palermo (UNIPA), to assess the electromagnetic disturbances according to the levels of compliance indicated by the standards. The proposed prototype can work properly at the following levels of voltage, frequency and load power: 28.5 V, 2 MHz and 40 W. Details concerning the layout design and the prototype manufacturing are discussed.
A study of the error controllability of MLFMA

The Green's function is factorized by using the addition theorem which is the mathematical core of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA). In the numerical implementation, the errors arise from the truncation of the addition theorem, the process of aggregation and disaggregation, and the approximation of the integration. In this paper, we investigate these errors precisely for an electromagnetic scattering problem and show how to control them by choosing proper parameters in the computational process.
Formations of the perfect in the Sabellic languages with the Italic and Indo-European background

The problem of the origin of the Sabellic perfects (in the older literature called OscanUmbrian) has been discussed at length very often in Indo-European linguistics ever since the 19th century and the monumental work of Robert von Planta (1892–1897). Still, to this very day it remains a mystery. Various hypotheses have been proposed but none of them explained everything clearly and without problems. Especially intriguing is the fact that the multiple formations of the perfect found in Sabellic languages (reduplicated, simple, -f-, -ttand -nky-perfects) perform essentially the same function of the preterite tense, being the syncretism of both the Proto-Indo-European aorist and perfect, similarly as in Latin. In the present article the author seeks to present the compelling hypotheses of the origin of the formations of the perfect in the Sabellic languages, evaluate them according to their supposed probability and present the most probable solution to the problem. The Sabellic perfects are classified into groups and each group is discussed as to its origin and development with the Indo-European background in mind. This is followed by some reconstructions underlying the attested forms. The Sabellic formations treated in this article are the reduplicated perfect, long-vowel perfect, s-perfect, simple perfect, -f-perfect, -tt-perfect, -k-perfect, -nky-perfect and the Sabellic future perfect with the characteristic -ussuffix. The discussion is closed by conclusions and the appendix with the complete list of the attested forms of the perfect. * This article is a revised version of the author’s M.A. thesis in Classics (Cracow 2009), written under the supervision of Dr. hab. Hubert Wolanin (Cracow). It began as a seminar paper written at Leiden University under the supervision of Dr. Michiel de Vaan (Leiden). I am grateful to both my supervisors for comments and remarks and to Kristen de Joseph (Leiden) for correcting my English. Needless to add, the remaining errors are solely my responsibility. Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis vol. 128 (2011) © E. Manczak-Wohlfeld & WUJ Publikacja objeta jest prawem autorskim. Wszelkie prawa zastrzezone. Kopiowanie i rozpowszechnianie zabronione 104 DARIUSZ R. PIWOWARCZYK The main conclusion of the article is the following: we have generally three tendencies of explaining the origin of the Sabellic perfects: periphrastic, analogical and phonological. The phonological explanation is forceful and therefore not very probable. On the other hand, periphrastic and analogical solutions are extreme and the author thinks that the most probable explanation is the middle solution combining all three approaches.
Role of Apoplastic and Cell-Wall Peroxidases on the Stimulation of Root Elongation by Ascorbate

Elongation of onion (Allium cepa L.) roots was highly stimulated by ascorbate (ASC) and its natural precursor I-galactone-[gamma]-lactone (GL). When incubation media were supplemented with lycorine (Lyc), an inhibitor of the ASC biosynthesis, root growth was negligible even in the presence of ASC or GL. ASC completely inhibited in vitro guaiacol peroxidase activities that were isolated from both the apoplast and the cell wall. However, ferulic-acid-dependent peroxidase from the cell wall was partially inhibited by ASC, whereas ferulic acid peroxidase activity from the apoplastic fluid was completely inhibited by ASC as long as ASC was present in the assay medium. ASC content in cells was increased by preincubations with ASC or GL, whereas Lyc reduced it. On the other hand, ASC or GL treatments decreased both apoplast and cell-wall-bound peroxidase activities, whereas Lyc had a slight stimulating effect. These results are discussed on the basis of a possible control of root elongation by ASC via its action on peroxidases that are involved in the regulation of cell-wall extensibility.
A Study on Sentiment Analysis: Methods and Tools

The purpose of social media has created many chances for people to publicly voice their beliefs, simply when they are employed to deliver an opinion hit a vital problem. Sentiment Analysis is a case of natural language processing which could mark the mood of the people about any specific product by analysis. Sentiment Analysis is a process of automatic extraction of features by mode of notions of others about specific product, services or experience. The Sentiment Analysis tool is to function on a series of expressions for a given item based on the quality and features. Sentiment analysis is also called Opinion mining due to the significant volume of opinion. Analyzing customer opinion is very important to rate the product. To automate rate the opinions in the form of unstructured data is been a challenging problem today. Thus, this paper discusses about Sentiment analysis methods and tools used.
Generating efficient loop code for programmable DSPs

The paper describes research into compilation techniques for modern, off-the-shelf, floating-point DSP devices. These devices offer a high degree of instruction-level parallelism, which is difficult for compilers to exploit effectively. The authors capture the dataflow and vector nature of DSP programs at the source level, and then focus on the application of standard and novel compilation techniques to utilise this parallelism, especially in critical inner loops. The compiler uses an abstract DSP machine and target machine descriptions to model the special features of modern DSPs. This approach facilitates the development of target-independent code generation algorithms. The authors describe in some detail their loop analysis and code generation algorithms. <<ETX>>
Features of Occult Invasion in Biopsy‐Proven DCIS at Breast MRI

The purpose of this study is to determine if MRI BI‐RADS criteria or radiologist perception correlate with presence of invasive cancer after initial core biopsy of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Retrospective search spanning 2000–2007 identified all core‐biopsy diagnoses of pure DCIS that coincided with preoperative MRI. Two radiologists fellowship‐trained in breast imaging categorized lesions according to ACR MRI BI‐RADS lexicon and estimated likelihood of occult invasion. Semiquantitative signal enhancement ratio (SER) kinetic analysis was also performed. Results were compared with histopathology. 51 consecutive patients with primary core biopsy‐proven DCIS and concurrent MRI were identified. Of these, 13 patients (25%) had invasion at excision. Invasion correlated significantly with presence of a mass for both readers (p = 0.012 and 0.001), rapid initial enhancement for Reader 1 (p = 0.001), and washout kinetics for Reader 2 (p = 0.012). Significant correlation between washout and invasion was confirmed by SER (p = 0.006) when threshold percent enhancement was sufficiently high (130%), corresponding to rapidly enhancing portions of the lesion. Radiologist perception of occult invasion was strongly correlated with true presence of invasion. These results provide evidence that certain BI‐RADS MRI criteria, as well as radiologist perception, correlate with occult invasion after an initial core biopsy of DCIS.
Host‐defense peptide mimicry for novel antitumor agents

ABSTRACT Although evidence is accumulating for promising anticancer properties of host‐defense peptides (HDPs), their potential therapeutic use suffers from limitations inherent to peptide pharmaceuticals, including poor bioavailability and potential toxicity. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that HDP mimics might generate improved anticancer derivatives. Oligomers of acyl‐lysyl (OAKs) varying with respect to charge, hydrophobicity, and backbone length were screened against prostate adenocarcinoma cell line TRAMP‐C2 using the XTT assay. A promising 11‐mer sequence, designated α12‐3β12, was further characterized in terms of selectivity (using human primary fibroblasts and malignant cells), mechanism of action and its relation to multidrug resistance (using 7 ABC multidrug efflux transporters), and antitumor efficacy (as assessed in C57BL/6J mice bearing TRAMP‐C2 tumors). The OAK exerted rapid and selective cytotox‐icity against malignant cells, apparently via an intracel‐lular multitarget mode of action, thereby overcoming major modalities of chemoresistance. Both systemic and local administrations of α12‐3β12 to tumor‐bearing mice significantly inhibited tumor progression and were associated with an improved toxicity profile when compared to doxorubicin. Moreover, a combination of α12‐3β12 with doxorubicin can lead to tumor eradication. Collectively, the current findings establish the potential of an HDP‐mimetic approach for developing simplified yet robust antitumor agents that bear a key advantage of overcoming MDR phenomena. Held‐Kuznetsov, V. , Rotem, S. , Assaraf, Y. G. , Mor, A. Host‐defense peptide mimicry for novel antitumor agents. FASEBJ. 23, 4299‐4307 (2009). www.fasebj. org
Work‐related physical activity and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Leisure‐time physical activity has been related with a reduced risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of occupational and commuting physical activity (physical activity at work and on the way to work) on cognitive health are still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between work‐related physical activity and dementia/AD.
Conditioning attentional skills: examining the effects of the pace of television editing on children’s attention

Aim: There is increasing concern about the behavioural and cognitive effects of watching television in childhood. Numerous studies have examined the effects of the amount of viewing time; however, to our knowledge, only one study has investigated whether the speed of editing of a programme may have an effect on behaviour. The purpose of the present study was to examine this question using a novel experimental paradigm.
A compact model of precessional spin-transfer switching for MTJ with a perpendicular polarizer

Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) devices are CMOS compatible with high stability, high reliability and non-volatility. A macro-model of MTJ with precessional switching is presented in this paper. This model is based on Spin-Transfer Torque (STT) writing approach. The current-induced magnetic switching and excitations was studied in structures comprising a perpendicularly magnetized polarizing layer (PL), an in-plane magnetized free layer (FL), and an in-plane magnetized analyzing layer (AL).
Nuevo Modelo Polinomial del Comportamiento de un Cilindro Neumático

En este articulo se muestra un nuevo modelo matematico asociado al comportamiento de un cilindro neumatico con amortiguamiento en ambos lados, el cual es desarrollado mediante ecuaciones polinomicas en sustitucion de las ecuaciones termomecanicas originales. Se utiliza el criterio del coeficiente de correlacion para validar el grado de la aproximacion del nuevo modelo desarrollado. En este nuevo modelo se comprueba que el tiempo de simulacion es menor que en el caso del modelo original, agilizando de esta forma la prediccion del comportamiento de este tipo de actuador
New virtual space vector modultation scheme to eliminate common-mode voltage with balanced neutral-point voltage for three-level NPC Inverters

This paper proposes a new virtual space vector modulation (VSVM) scheme that can eliminate the common-mode voltage (CMV) for three-level neutral-point clamped (NPC) inverters with balanced neutral-point voltage. The proposed VSVM scheme is based on the virtual space vector concept, which constructs the virtual vectors from the original medium vectors to achieve zero CMV. Moreover, the neutral-point voltage is balanced because the new virtual vectors keep the average neutral-point current to be zero. Thus, the size of the dc-link capacitors can be significantly reduced. The simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed VSVM scheme.
Modern Vibration Signal Processing Techniques for Vehicle Gearbox Fault Diagnosis

— This paper presents modern vibration signal-processing techniques for vehicle gearbox fault diagnosis, via the wavelet analysis and the Squared Envelope (SE) technique. The wavelet analysis is regarded as a powerful tool for the detection of sudden changes in non-stationary signals. The Squared Envelope (SE) technique has been extensively used for rolling bearing diagnostics. In the present work a scheme of using the Squared Envelope technique for early detection of gear tooth pit. The pitting defect is manufactured on the tooth side of a fifth speed gear on the intermediate shaft of a vehicle gearbox. The objective is to supplement the current techniques of gearbox fault diagnosis based on using the raw vibration and ordered signals. The test stand is equipped with three dynamometers; the input dynamometer serves as the internal combustion engine, the output dynamometers introduce the load on the flanges of output joint shafts. The gearbox used for experimental measurements is the type most commonly used in modern small to mid-sized passenger cars with transversely mounted powertrain and front wheel drive; a five-speed gearbox with final drive gear and front wheel differential. The results show that the approaches methods are effective for detecting and diagnosing localized gear faults in early stage under different operation conditions, and are more sensitive and robust than current gear diagnostic techniques.