Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Service Naming in Future Mobile Environments

Future mobile environments will consist of various network systems that compete to offer services to mobile users. The challenge for the mobile user is to discover the available services and to select the desired services since similar services can have different names and services with same name can be totally or partially different. Furthermore, the service discovery must be accomplished in minimum time to ensure service continuity. A sound service naming scheme is a necessity in future mobile environments. The goal of this paper is to shed light on the service naming area and to propose a service naming scheme which is suitable for a future mobile environment where a mobile device can have connection to several heterogeneous network systems. The paper highlights the definitions used in service naming scheme. Some existing service naming schemes and related works are studied and reviewed. The notion of service is also clarified, which is defined as a work done by the system servers that benefits the end-user. The high-level requirements of the service naming is then identified and based on that eventually a service naming scheme for future mobile services is proposed.
Nanoaquarium: integrated microchips fabricated by ultrafast laser for understanding phenomena and functions of microorganisms

We demonstrate to fabricate microfluidic chips integrated with some functional microcomponents such as optical attenuators and optical waveguides by femtosecond laser direct writing for understanding phenomena and functions of microorganisms. Femtosecond laser irradiation followed by annealing and wet etching in dilute hydrofluoric acid solution resulted in fabrication of three-dimensional microfludic structures embedded in a photosensitive glass. The embedded microfludic structures enabled us to easily and efficiently observe Phormidium gliding to the seedling root, which accelerates growth of the vegetable. In addition, integration of optical attenuators and optical waveguides into the microfluidic structures clarified the mechanism of the gliding movement of Phormidium. We termed such integrated microchips nanoaquariums, realizing the highly efficient and functional observation and analysis of various microorganisms.
Relationship of MR-derived lactate, mobile lipids, and relative blood volume for gliomas in vivo.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Gliomas are heterogeneous tumors with increased microvasculature, hypoxia, and necrosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution and relationship of the MR-derived relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), lactate (Lac), and mobile lipids (Lip), which have been proposed as markers for these phenomena of gliomas in vivo. METHODS Twenty-three patients with newly diagnosed gliomas were examined before surgical biopsy and/or resection (seven grade II, five grade III, and 11 grade IV), and 27 patients were studied after surgery but before radiation treatment and/or chemotherapy (11 grade II, two grade III, and 14 grade IV gliomas). Lac and Lip were estimated from Lac-edited three-dimensional MR spectroscopic images. Dynamic susceptibility-contrast MR imaging was applied to obtain perfusion-weighted images and rCBV maps. RESULTS Before surgical biopsy/resection, one low-grade and 12 of 16 high-grade gliomas had significantly elevated Lac. No low-grade and 10 of 16 high-grade gliomas had significantly elevated Lip. In presurgical high-grade gliomas, volumes of elevated Lip and macronecrosis were significantly correlated. rCBV was significantly increased in regions with elevated Lac. After we excluded macronecrosis, the rCBV for regions with elevated Lip but no Lac was significantly higher than rCBV in regions with elevated Lac but no Lip. After surgical biopsy/resection, more low-grade patients showed significantly elevated Lac and Lip than before. CONCLUSION The in vivo distribution of rCBV, Lac, and Lip, as evaluated with three-dimensional MR spectroscopic imaging, may help in the diagnosis and selection of the most appropriate therapy for patients with gliomas.
Bayesian and Adaptive Optimal Policy Under Model Uncertainty

We study the problem of a policymaker who seeks to set policy optimally in an economy where the true economic structure is unobserved, and he optimally learns from observations of the economy. This is a classic problem of learning and control, variants of which have been studied in the past, but seldom with forward-looking variables which are a key component of modern policy-relevant models. As in most Bayesian learning problems, the optimal policy typically includes an experimentation component reflecting the endogeneity of information. We develop algorithms to solve numerically for the Bayesian optimal policy (BOP). However, computing the BOP is only feasible in relatively small models, and thus we also consider a simpler specification we term adaptive optimal policy (AOP) which allows policymakers to update their beliefs but shortcuts the experimentation motive. In our setting, the AOP is significantly easier to compute, and in many cases provides a good approximation to the BOP. We provide some simple examples to illustrate the role of learning and experimentation in an MJLQ framework.
High Expression of Antiviral and Vitamin D Pathway Genes Are a Natural Characteristic of a Small Cohort of HIV-1-Exposed Seronegative Individuals

Natural resistance to HIV-1 infection is influenced by genetics, viral-exposure, and endogenous immunomodulators such as vitamin D (VitD), being a multifactorial phenomenon that characterizes HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals (HESNs). We compared mRNA expression of 10 antivirals, 5 immunoregulators, and 3 VitD pathway genes by qRT-PCR in cells of a small cohort of 11 HESNs, 16 healthy-controls (HCs), and 11 seropositives (SPs) at baseline, in response to calcidiol (VitD precursor) and/or aldithriol-2-(AT2)-inactivated HIV-1. In addition, the expression of TIM-3 on T and NK cells of six HCs after calcidiol and calcitriol (active VitD) treatments was evaluated by flow cytometry. Calcidiol increased the mRNA expression of HAVCR2 (TIM-3; Th1-cells inhibitor) in HCs and HESNs. AT2-HIV-1 increased the mRNA expression of the activating VitD enzyme CYP27B1, of the endogenous antiviral proteins MX2, TRIM22, APOBEC3G, and of immunoregulators ERAP2 and HAVCR2, but reduced the mRNA expression of VitD receptor (VDR) and antiviral peptides PI3 and CAMP in all groups. Remarkably, higher mRNA levels of VDR, CYP27B1, PI3, CAMP, SLPI, and of ERAP2 were found in HESNs compared to HCs either at baseline or after stimuli. Furthermore, calcitriol increases the percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing TIM-3 protein compared to EtOH controls. These results suggest that high mRNA expression of antiviral and VitD pathway genes could be genetically determined in HESNs more than viral-induced at least in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, the virus could potentiate bio-activation and use of VitD, maintaining the homeostasis of the immune system. Interestingly, VitD-induced TIM-3 on T cells, a T cell inhibitory and anti-HIV-1 molecule, requires further studies to analyze the functional outcomes during HIV-1 infection.
A Repository of Frame Instance Lexicalizations for Generation

Robust, statistical Natural Language Generation from Web knowledge bases is hindered by the lack of text-aligned resources. We aim to fill this gap by presenting a method for extracting knowledge from natural language text, and encode it in a format based on frame semantics and ready to be distributed in the Linked Open Data space. We run an implementation of such methodology on a collection of short documents and build a repository of frame instances equipped with fine-grained lex-icalizations. Finally, we conduct a pilot stody to investigate the feasibility of an approach to NLG based on said resource. We perform error analysis to assess the quality of the resource and manually evaluate the output of the NLG prototype.
Numerical study on incomplete orthogonal factorization preconditioners 1

We design, analyse and test a class of incomplete orthogonal factorization preconditioners constructed from Givens rotations, incorporating some dropping strategies and updating tricks, for the solution of large sparse systems of linear equations. Comprehensive accounts about how the preconditioners are coded, what storage is required and how the computation is executed for a given accuracy are presented. A number of numerical experiments show that these preconditioners are competitive with standard incomplete triangular factorization preconditioners when they are applied to accelerate Krylov subspace iteration methods such as GMRES and BiCGSTAB.
Modeling and detection of dynamic errors due to reflection- and crosstalk-noise

A new algorithm for the generation of test sequences to detect dynamic errors due to reflection and crosstalk noise in combinational circuits is presented. Based on the circuit level a new approach for error modeling including the duration of reflection and crosstalk errors, is described. The presented algorithm takes the high influence of error durations as well as gate and transmission line delays on the testability into account.
Hierarchical multi-label classification for protein function prediction: A local approach based on neural networks

In Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification problems, each instance can be classified into two or more classes simultaneously, differently from conventional classification. Additionally, the classes are structured in a hierarchy, in the form of either a tree or a directed acyclic graph. Hence, an instance can be assigned to two or more paths from the hierarchical structure, resulting in a complex classification problem with possibly hundreds of classes. Many methods have been proposed to deal with such problems, some of them employing a single classifier to deal with all classes simultaneously (global methods), and others employing many classifiers to decompose the original problem into a set of subproblems (local methods). In this work, we propose a novel local method named HMC-LMLP, which uses one Multi-Layer Perceptron per hierarchical level. The predictions in one level are used as inputs to the network responsible for the predictions in the next level. We make use of two distinct Multi-Layer Perceptron algorithms: Back-propagation and Resilient Back-propagation. In addition, we make use of an error measure specially tailored to multi-label problems for training the networks. Our method is compared to state-of-the-art hierarchical multi-label classification algorithms, in protein function prediction datasets. The experimental results show that our approach presents competitive predictive accuracy, suggesting that artificial neural networks constitute a promising alternative to deal with hierarchical multi-label classification of biological data.
In-Vitro Hepatoprotection Study, Cytotoxicity assay and Chromatographic Investigation of Phospholipids Fraction Isolated from Cyperus esculentus Tubers Growing in Egypt

The phospholipids content of Cyperus esculentus tubers were identified by both HPTLC and/or HPLC techniques. The identified phospholipid classes were Phosphatidic acids, Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylethanolamines, Phosphatidylcholine, L-α Phosphatidyl DL-glycerol, Cardiolipin, and L-α-Lysophosphatidylcholine. The hydrolysis of total phospholipids showed that four fatty acids were attached to the phospholipid classes, and identified by GC/MS as Palmitic acid (C16:0), Linoleic acid (C18:2), Oleic acid (C18:1) and Lignoceric acid (C24:0). The major fatty acids were Palmitic and Oleic acids. Phosphatidylinositol (C16:0, 18:1) was separated and identified by using HPTLC, HPLC and MALDI techniques. In vitro method of rat hepatocytes monolayer culture was used for the investigation of hepatoprotective and hepatotoxic effect of phospholipids fraction prepared from C.esculentus tubers, which were 25 and <1000 μgmL -1 respectively. In addition, the phospholipids fraction did not show any cytotoxic effect on both U937 and PBM cells untill a concentration of 30 μgmL -1 .
Distributed geographical packet forwarding in wireless sensor and actuator networks - a stochastic optimal control approach

The authors study the issues on distributed geographical packet forwarding in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) using a stochastic optimal control approach. First, a distributed geographic-informed forwarding (DGIF) scheme is proposed that defines a set of distributed routing policies. Then, the distributed WSAN packet forwarding problem is modelled and analysed from the perspective of stochastic optimal control. The WSAN is viewed as a controlled stochastic system. The routing procedure is determined by the routing policy and system disturbance (e.g. the position uncertainty of remote nodes) jointly. An improved value iteration method is presented to accelerate the convergence of the optimal routing strategy. The reliability-driven routing algorithm (called DGIF-RRP) for emergency applications and the quality-of-service-aware routing algorithm (called DGIF-QRP) for real-time applications are proposed. Simulations are carried out to evaluate the proposed routing algorithms. The results show that DGIF-RRP and DGIF-QRP significantly outperform two enhanced versions of the Dijkstra's algorithm in emergency and real-time applications, respectively.
Performance Prediction of Single-Sided Induction Heating System

Surface induction heating is nowadays widely used with coil arrangement varied according to the work piece topology. For a flat work piece arrangement, the coil may be of the single-conductor type or single-coil type, and finally, it may be of multicoil type. It is thought that the development of a generalized approach to analyze all three possible excitation systems mentioned earlier is an important task. In this paper, a generalized approach using a multilayer electromagnetic model is presented to analyze all three possible excitation arrangements. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental findings and with theoretical results obtained using other approaches.
Search, inference and dependencies in artificial intelligence

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Text Chunking by Combining Hand-Crafted Rules and Memory-Based Learning

This paper proposes a hybrid of hand-crafted rules and a machine learning method for chunking Korean. In the partially free word-order languages such as Korean and Japanese, a small number of rules dominate the performance due to their well-developed postpositions and endings. Thus, the proposed method is primarily based on the rules, and then the residual errors are corrected by adopting a memory-based machine learning method. Since the memory-based learning is an efficient method to handle exceptions in natural language processing, it is good at checking whether the estimates are exceptional cases of the rules and revising them. An evaluation of the method yields the improvement in F-score over the rules or various machine learning methods alone.
Content description servers for networked video surveillance

Advances in digital signal processing technology make it possible to embed the low-level functions performed by a video surveillance system into cameras. The result is metadata cameras, like MPEG-7 cameras, that provide descriptions of what they see in the form of XML documents served over a network. We use this concept to build video information servers that are conceptually similar to MPEG-7 cameras, but differ in that they interact with client applications and can be configured dynamically to perform different functions. We demonstrate the use of these video information servers in some simple surveillance applications. Dynamic configuration of the servers allows them to do more than describe video content. For example, we present a functioning surveillance system, built with content description servers, that describes the activity in a hockey game based on the observations of several cameras. Thus, we demonstrate that content description servers provide building blocks with which to create networked video surveillance systems.
An Exploratory Study on Joystick-Based Directing Interfaces for a Collocated Robot

We performed an exploratory study on new joystick-based directing interfaces for a collocated robot. We present a new framing for joystick control, based on either a humancentric, robot-centric, or human-robot-centric control mapping, and further explore the user experience impacts of having a physical cable between the user and the robot. We performed a formal qualitative study and discovered that the existence of the cable can influence user perception of animacy and safety.
Completely Irrepressible Sequences for the Asynchronous Collision Channel Without Feedback

A channel is asynchronous if all users can start to transmit at an arbitrary point in time. Protocol sequences are used for multiple access in the collision channel without feedback. In this paper, we consider protocol sequence sets with the property that each user is able to successfully send at least one packet in each sequence period for the asynchronous channel. Such sequence sets are said to be completely irrepressible (CI). We analyze the class of CI sequences with the minimum number of ones in each period and derive lower bound on the minimum period. Moreover, if the sequence structure satisfies some technical conditions, which are called equi-difference, we improve the lower bound and present a construction that asymptotically meets this lower bound. We also show that the deterministic sequences proposed in this paper yield better performance in terms of average delay than the random approach.
Manipulating treacheoesophageal speech

Speech therapy aiming at improving voice quality and speech intelligibility is often hampered by the lack of knowledge of the underlying deficits. One way to help speech therapists treating patients would be to supply synthetic benchmarks for pathological speech. These can be used to train therapists and evaluate and interpret automatic speech recognizers used for diagnosing pathological speech. Moreover, synthetic pathological speech can also be used to make expected therapy aims audible before treatment. In a listening experiment testing perceived intelligibility, three types of manipulations of tracheoesophageal speech were evaluated by experienced speech therapists. It was found that modeling the intensity contour of the voice source signal improved speech quality over plain analysis-synthesis. Replacing the voicing source with fully synthetic source periods decreased the perceived intelligibility markedly. Making the source fully periodic with a regular pitch had no effect on perceived intelligibility. Low quality speech benefitted more from manipulations, or deteriorated less, than high quality speech.
A Comparison of Two Achievable Rate Regions for the Interference Channel

A recent result for the general interference channel is presented. The encoding technique is a generalization of the technique employed by Han and Kobayashi. Coupled with an improvement in the computation of the error probabilities, fewer constraints are necessary to define the achievable rate region. We further compare the two achievable rate regions and discuss whether the two achievable rate regions are equivalent.
Molecular and Morphological Evidence Demonstrating Two Species of Helicometrina Linton 1910 (Digenea: Opecoelidae) in Northern Chile

Abstract: The opecoelid Helicometrina nimia Linton, 1910 has been reported from numerous marine fishes along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the Americas. Along the Chilean coast, H. nimia is found in fishes belonging to at least 9 families. This surprisingly low host specificity of H. nimia raises question about the correct identification of specimens assigned to this species. Here we evaluate whether H. nimia specimens isolated from sympatric fish species in northern Chile but with different diets and found in different habitats (water column and demersal) are the same species. Our results demonstrate that specimens from the shallow benthic fish Labrisomus philippii (Steindachner) do not correspond to H. nimia but instead belong to a new species of Helicometrina. This species is described and distinguished from H. nimia using morphological descriptions and 2 molecular markers (the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene and the V4 region of the SSU rRNA gene). The new species Helicometrina labrisomi (Digenea: Opecoelidae), is found in the intestine of L. philippii (Steindachner, 1866) (Pisces: Labrisomidae), a shallow benthic fish that inhabits the northern coast of Chile. We also studied the related Helicometrina nimia Linton, 1910 from the benthopelagic fishes Paralabrax humeralis (Valenciennes, 1828) and Acanthistius pictus (Tschudi, 1846) (Serranidae). The new species differs from H. nimia by a combination of characters that include ovary shape, number of uterine loops, and position of the genital pore. Our results indicate that morphological characteristics, such as body size, extent of the vitellarium, shape of the testes, and cirrus sac size and extent, traditionally used in the taxonomy of Helicometrina are highly variable. In contrast, meristic and morphological characteristics, such as a lobed ovary, the number of uterine loops, dimensions of the pharynx, and the opening of the genital pore, are highly constant.
U-shaped motor development emerges from Goal Babbling with intrinsic motor noise

The development of skills in human infants sometimes proceeds so-called U-shaped form, an sequence of disappearance and reappearance of a skill, which has been reported in [1] for pre-reaching to balls presented to infants of early age. We use Goal Babbling, a computational model for exploratory learning of motor skills, to model this U-shaped learning dynamics and furthermore also the qualitative differences caused by presentation modes of the goals. To this aim, we introduce developmentally plausible motor noise and adaptive learning rates in Goal Babbling and show through extensive simulation that U-shaped motor development emerges, thereby reproducing the findings of [1] in our computational model. The results suggest that the disappearance of the skill is caused by a combination of improving the skill and reducing the motor noise in the course of the maturing process, while the reappearance of the skill and its precision is directly reflecting the progress in learning the motor coordination.