Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast computation of low rank matrix approximations

Given a matrix <italic>A</italic> it is often desirable to find an approximation to <italic>A</italic> that has low rank. We introduce a simple technique for accelerating the computation of such approximations when <italic>A</italic> has strong spectral structure, i.e., when the singular values of interest are significantly greater than those of a random matrix with size and entries similar to <italic>A</italic>. Our technique amounts to independently sampling and/or quantizing the entries of <italic>A</italic>, thus speeding up computation by reducing the number of non-zero entries and/or the length of their representation. Our analysis is based on observing that the acts of sampling and quantization can be viewed as adding a random matrix <italic>E</italic> to <italic>A</italic>, whose entries are independent random variables with zero-mean and bounded variance. Since, with high probability, <italic>E</italic> has very weak spectral structure, we can prove that the effect of sampling and quantization nearly vanishes when a low rank approximation to <italic>A+E</italic> is computed. In fact, the stronger the spectral structure of <italic>A</italic>, the more of its entries we can afford to discard and, ultimately, the faster we can discover that structure. We give bounds on the quality of our approximation both in the L2 and in the Frobenius norm.
Numerical simulations of surface plasmon resonances in metal-chalcogenide waveguides

In this paper we present several numerical simulations of the surface plasmon resonance for Kretschmann type configuration in a metal-chalcogenide waveguide. We assume that the chalcogenide (GaLaS) waveguide layer have finite thickness, whereas the gold film layer and the air cover layer are semi-infinite layers (from an optical point of view). We determined the thickness of the chalcogenide film for which plasmonic resonant coupling of the incident radiation to the waveguide occurs. We calculated the propagation constant for the TE- and TM- modes (both for visible and IR domain), the attenuation coefficient and the electromagnetic field distribution within the waveguide. The obtained results provide the conditions for design an optical memory device 2D based on light-light interaction in plasmonic configuration.
Genetic determination of the meso-diaminopimelate biosynthetic pathway of mycobacteria

The increasing incidence of multiple-drug-resistant mycobacterial infections indicates that the development of new methods for treatment of mycobacterial diseases should be a high priority. meso-Diaminopimelic acid (DAP), a key component of a highly immunogenic subunit of the mycobacterial peptidoglycan layer, has been implicated as a potential virulence factor. The mycobacterial DAP biosynthetic pathway could serve as a target for design of new antimycobacterial agents as well as the construction of in vivo selection systems. We have isolated the asd, dapA, dapB, dapD, and dapE genes involved in the DAP biosynthetic pathway of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. These genes were isolated by complementation of Escherichia coli mutations with an expression library of BCG DNA. Our analysis of these genes suggests that BCG may use more than one pathway for biosynthesis of DAP. The nucleotide sequence of the BCG dapB gene was determined. The activity of the product of this gene in Escherichia coli provided evidence that the gene may encode a novel bifunctional dihydrodipicolinate reductase and DAP dehydrogenase.
Correlation of Vulcanization and Viscoelastic Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Natural Rubber and Different Nanofillers, with Molecular and Supramolecular Structure

Abstract Elastomer nanocomposites reinforced with low volume fraction of nanofillers, such as nanoclays and carbon nanofibers, have long been known to possess significantly improved mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical, flame retardant, and barrier properties. The present work attempts to evaluate the effect of nanofillers (like modified and unmodified montmorillonite, sepiolite, carbon nanofiber, and carbon black) and their amount on vulcanization, as well as dynamic and rheological properties in the prevulcanization and postvulcanization stages. Upon using organomodified nanoclay, optimum cure time was reduced and cure rate index increased; whereas, in comparison, carbon nanofiber resulted in a slower cure. The influence of loading of some representative nanofillers on natural rubber was studied through qualitative description of critical dynamic viscoelastic parameters, which indicated the formation of supramolecular structure even at low volume fraction. The nanocomposite vulcanizates showed solidl.
Wicking behavior and antibacterial properties of multifunctional knitted fabrics made from metal commingled yarns

In this study, stainless steel wires (SSWs) were selected as conductive filler to produce antibacterial nylon (AN)/crisscross-section polyester (CSP)/SSW multifunctional metal commingled yarns with hollow spindle spinning technique. All metal commingled yarns used AN and CSP yarns to wind around the SSW in the S- and Z-directions as the outer and inner wrap yarns, respectively. The wrapping density varied from 8.0 to 15.5 turns/cm, which exhibited an obvious influence on the tenacity and elongation of the commingled yarns. Metal composite knitted fabrics made from the commingled yarns were tested in terms of their horizontal wicking capability, drying rate, and surface resistivity properties. Results showed that knitted fabric KC-11 displayed the best horizontal wicking capability, drying rate, and surface resistivity values. To evaluate the effect of the layer number of knitted fabrics on comfort, the air permeability of the fabric KC-11 was also discussed. The air permeability decreased from 421.6 to 140 cm3/cm2/s, when the layer number increased from one layer to six layers. The antibacterial activity of the KC-11 sample was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria according to the AATCC 90-2011 standard method. The presence of the AN yarns in the metal composite knitted fabrics displayed an obvious inhibition zone for both types of bacteria, which can be attributed to the high antibacterial activity of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt component.
Thapsigargin resistance in human prostate cancer cells

Thapsigargin (TG) is a potent inhibitor of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases (SERCAs). TG‐based prodrugs are being developed for the treatment of prostate cancer (PC). To develop optimal TG‐based therapeutics it is important to understand the mechanisms of resistance to TG that may potentially occur in cancer cells.
Challenges in Quality of Temporal Data — Starting with Gold Standards

Information available nowadays in web repositories is big and potentially rich. Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems can play a key role in revealing information: they can analyze and extract relevant information from web content, transforming it into machine-processable annotation data for building knowledge [Campos et al. 2014]. Most state-of-the-art NLP systems are largely based on supervised approaches, that is, machine-learning systems that learn how to analyze content, based on large training texts, referred to as gold standard corpora or, briefly, gold standard. These contain manual annotation data of texts, that is, data manually added by annotation experts. The task of manually annotating a text of a gold standard is hence of paramount importance: since errors in the manual annotation workflow impact the performance of NLP systems, quality control over the annotated data is necessary. Current methods for controlling the quality of annotations are limited: they usually check the local context of the annotation or suggest annotations similar to those already available. A common procedure for keeping annotation data quality under control is the calculation of the so-called interannotator agreement [Artstein and Poesio 2008], a set of statistical measures for computing the agreement of different annotators performing the same task on the same texts: low agreement tends to indicate that the task requires a high degree of personal interpretation or that the annotation guidelines may be poorly written. In spite of existing quality control methods, errors can still be found in
Managing and organising collaborative improvement: a system integrator perspective

More than ever, companies are challenged to improve their performance and respond quickly and accurately to changes within the market. Because of external dynamics, competition is moving towards the level of networks of organisations, and thus the individual firm is an inadequate entity for identifying improvements. The concept of continuous improvement must be applied and used in inter-organisational settings, leading to the concept of collaborative improvement. In order to gain an insight and develop knowledge of the process of collaborative improvement from a system integrator perspective, we use the network model of actors. This paper will discuss some empirical findings on the scope, scale, skill and value, and social networking of collaborative improvement as part of the network model.
Caveolin-1 Modulates HIV-1 Envelope-Induced Bystander Apoptosis through gp41

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope (Env)-mediated bystander apoptosis is known to cause the progressive, severe, and irreversible loss of CD4+ T cells in HIV-1-infected patients. Env-induced bystander apoptosis has been shown to be gp41 dependent and related to the membrane hemifusion between envelope-expressing cells and target cells. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the scaffold protein of specific membrane lipid rafts called caveolae, has been reported to interact with gp41. However, the underlying pathological or physiological meaning of this robust interaction remains unclear. In this report, we examine the interaction of cellular Cav-1 and HIV gp41 within the lipid rafts and show that Cav-1 modulates Env-induced bystander apoptosis through interactions with gp41 in SupT1 cells and CD4+ T lymphocytes isolated from human peripheral blood. Cav-1 significantly suppressed Env-induced membrane hemifusion and caspase-3 activation and augmented Hsp70 upregulation. Moreover, a peptide containing the Cav-1 scaffold domain sequence markedly inhibited bystander apoptosis and apoptotic signal pathways. Our studies shed new light on the potential role of Cav-1 in limiting HIV pathogenesis and the development of a novel therapeutic strategy in treating HIV-1-infected patients.
A new method for detecting fatigue driving with camera based on OpenCV

The new system, which will be discussed in this paper, is to make the car slower and gives warning if it finds driver's drowsy eyes. For instance, Toyota Motor Corporation announced that it has given its pre-crash safety system [1] the ability to determine whether a driver's eyes are properly open with an eye monitor. This paper is proposing a new method detecting the drowsy eyes in order to implement the fatigue driving detecting system. Eyes are dynamic objects and have highly variability; that is why detecting eyes is pretty difficult. Here, we introduce a new method for detecting the drowsy eyes which is very suitable for hardware implementation and some other processes.
ThermoGater: Thermally-aware on-chip voltage regulation

Tailoring the operating voltage to fine-grain temporal changes in the power and performance needs of the workload can effectively enhance power efficiency. Therefore, power-limited computing platforms of today widely deploy integrated (i.e., on-chip) voltage regulation which enables fast fine-grain voltage control. Voltage regulators convert and distribute power from an external energy source to the processor. Unfortunately, power conversion loss is inevitable and projected integrated regulator designs are unlikely to eliminate this loss even asymptotically. Reconfigurable power delivery by selective shut-down, i.e., gating, of distributed on-chip regulators in response to spatio-temporal changes in power demand can sustain operation at the minimum conversion loss. However, even the minimum conversion loss is sizable, and as conversion loss gets dissipated as heat, on-chip regulators can easily cause thermal emergencies due to their small footprint. Although reconfigurable distributed on-chip power delivery is emerging as a new design paradigm to enforce sustained operation at minimum possible power conversion loss, thermal implications have been overlooked at the architectural level. This paper hence provides a thermal characterization. We introduce ThermoGater, an architectural governor for a collection of practical, thermally-aware regulator gating policies to mitigate (if not prevent) regulator-induced thermal emergencies, which also consider potential implications for voltage noise. Practical ThermoGater policies can not only sustain minimum power conversion loss throughout execution effectively, but also keep the maximum temperature (thermal gradient) across chip within 0.6°C (0.3°C) on average in comparison to thermally-optimal oracular regulator gating, while the maximum voltage noise stays within 1.0% of the best case voltage noise profile.
Stroke in atrial fibrillation: epidemiology and thromboprophylaxis

Summary. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac rhythm disorder, which is associated with a substantial risk of mortality and morbidity arising from stroke and thromboembolism. Extensive epidemiological evidence and robust data from clinical trials have shown that stroke and thromboembolism in AF can be prevented by oral anticoagulation (OAC). Despite this evidence and guidelines, appropriate thromboprophylaxis is still suboptimal, and this is partly due to the only OAC agent being available is the vitamin K antagonist class of drugs (e.g. warfarin) that has many limitations and disadvantages. With the availability of new OAC agents that avoid the disutility of the vitamin K antagonists, it is hoped that greater use of OAC would allow more effective thromboprophylaxis and have a great impact on preventing strokes related to AF. Additionally, stroke risk assessments need to evolve such that they are better at identifying the ‘truly low risk’ subjects who do not need antithrombotic therapy, whilst all other patients with ≥ 1 stroke risk factors can be considered for OAC. The availability of comprehensive stroke and bleeding risk assessments would enable us to make informed decisions in everyday clinical practice. The aim of the review article is to provide a state‐of‐the‐art overview of the clinical epidemiology of stroke in AF, stroke (and bleeding) risk assessments and the current provision of thromboprophylaxis for patients with AF.
Barcode: Global Binary Patterns for Fast Visual Inference

We present Barcode, a global binary descriptor for images captured from a vehicle-mounted camera with two applications: localization and turn classification. Barcode characterizes an image by encoding the distribution of vertical lines into a binary descriptor: in each vertical stripe of an image, if any vertical line exists the corresponding bit is set to 1, otherwise 0. For localization, our approach uses a database of geolocated images, each having its Barcode precomputed during a preprocessing stage. In the run time, we first generate the binary descriptor for each image and then use the descriptor to find the location in the database via Hamming distance metric. For turn classification, we train a deep neural network that uses a set of Barcodes from consecutive images to classify turns (left, right, straight, and stationary). We show that Barcode extraction can be done at 100-1000~Hz, localization at 10~kHz, and turn classification at 1~kHz. We show compelling experimental results on KITTI dataset and other sequences captured near Harvard and Purdue campuses.
A Comparative Study on Network structure based Routing Protocol and its Variants in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Nowadays Wireless sensor network is one of the fastest growing and emerging area in the scientific and engineering world . Its basic objective is to sense the crucial data and send it Base station so that it take corrective actions further. Sensor nodes interact with each other via various Routing protocols. This paper surveys various network structure and network operation based routing protocols, and explains the current developments of each protocol pursued . The three basic categories of routing techniques explored here are Data centric, hierarchical and location based protocol. Afterward, various QOS protocols are also surveyed with their recent research work. Further, in this paper, ongoing research and future directions in routing are discussed.
Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Stress, Anxiety or Depression in Functional Dyspepsia and Outcome after Appropriate Intervention.

INTRODUCTION The association between psychological factors and non-ulcer dyspepsia remains controversial. AIM To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) and Stress/Anxiety/Depression (SAD) in patients with Functional Dyspepsia (FD) and assess the outcome at three months after appropriate intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective non-randomized interventional study was conducted on 120 patients with FD. Initial workup included upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to confirm HP infection with either of two tests, the urease test or histopathology. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression, General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7) for anxiety and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) for stress. Patients were considered positive when they had significant scores on one or more of the questionnaires (SAD+). The subjects were then classified into four groups: Group A (positive for HP and SAD, n=35), Group B (positive for HP and negative for SAD, n=31), Group C (negative for HP and positive for SAD, n=33) and Group D (negative for HP and SAD, n=21). The groups were then treated as follows: Group A: HP eradication plus psychiatric intervention, Group B: HP eradication alone, Group C: psychiatric intervention alone and Group D: proton pump inhibitors. Modified Glasgow Dyspepsia Symptom Score (Mod. GDSS) was used to assess the severity of dyspepsia at baseline and to monitor the change in score over three months. Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0. Non-parametric data like proportions of response in different groups to treatment was analysed using the Chi square test and quantitative data using ANOVA. Gender wise distribution and response to treatment was calculated using the z-test and unpaired t-test. RESULTS Overall 120 patients were recruited across four groups. A 55% of the subjects were positive for HP and 56.7% for SAD and 29.2% for both. In all three groups with psychiatric comorbidity, females exceeded males in a proportion of 3:1. Mod. GDSS was not significantly different at baseline between HP+ and HP- patients (p=0.1278) except when HP positivity was also associated with SAD (p<0.001), whereas SAD positivity alone significantly increased the baseline Mod. GDSS (p=0.006). Mod. GDSS declined in all four groups at three months. When a fall of four or more was considered as an indicator of significant response to intervention, it was seen that overall 74.2% responded to intervention with the best response in Group B and the poorest was in Group C. CONCLUSION There is a significant prevalence of HP and SAD in FD. Appropriate intervention is beneficial except in those who are HP negative and SAD positive. This latter group requires further investigation and or drug intervention for SAD.
A 40-nm CMOS, 1.1-V, 101-dB Dynamic-Range, 1.7-mW Continuous-Time $\Sigma\Delta$  ADC for a Digital Closed-Loop Class-D Amplifier

This paper presents a continuous-time third-order ΣΔ modulator designed for closing the feedback loop of a digital class-D audio amplifier. The closed-loop digital class-D amplifier fully exploits the potential of the used 40-nm CMOS technology to achieve at the same time the flexibility of digital implementations and the performance of analog solutions. The proposed ΣΔ modulator consumes 1.7 mW from a 1.1-V power supply, achieving 101-dB dynamic-range (DR) and 72-dB peak signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR). The active-RC implementation allows the 1.1-V ΣΔ modulator inputs to be directly connected to the 5-V class-D amplifier power stage outputs and inherently guarantees third-order anti-aliasing filtering.
Design of path planning based Cellular Neural Network

In this paper , a Novel Cellular Neural Network (CNN) entitled the shortest path CNN (SP-CNN) is proposed. It has a good performance in path planning for mobile robots because of its network structure and neural dynamics. The proposed method not only can generate the best solution in static environments in real time but also generate the optional solution in dynamic environments or in unknown environments according to its currently acquired navigation map. Extensive simulations about the above mentioned aspects demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Compact Weighted Class Association Rule Mining using Information Gain

Weighted association rule mining reflects semantic significance of item by considering its weight. Classification constructs the classifier and predicts the new data instance. This paper proposes compact weighted class association rule mining method, which applies weighted association rule mining in the classification and constructs an efficient weighted associative classifier. This proposed associative classification algorithm chooses one non class informative attribute from dataset and all the weighted class association rules are generated based on that attribute. The weight of the item is considered as one of the parameter in generating the weighted class association rules. This proposed algorithm calculates the weight using the HITS model. Experimental results show that the proposed system generates less number of high quality rules which improves the classification accuracy.
Learning to Automatically Solve Logic Grid Puzzles

Logic grid puzzle is a genre of logic puzzles in which we are given (in a natural language) a scenario, the object to be deduced and certain clues. The reader has to figure out the solution using the clues provided and some generic domain constraints. In this paper, we present a system, LOGICIA, that takes a logic grid puzzle and the set of elements in the puzzle and tries to solve it by translating it to the knowledge representation and reasoning language of Answer Set Programming (ASP) and then using an ASP solver. The translation to ASP involves extraction of entities and their relations from the clues. For that we use a novel learning based approach which uses varied supervision, including the entities present in a clue and the expected representation of a clue in ASP. Our system, LOGICIA, learns to automatically translate a clue with 81.11% accuracy and is able to solve 71% of the problems of a corpus. This is the first learning system that can solve logic grid puzzles described in natural language in a fully automated manner. The code and the data will be made publicly available at http://bioai.lab . asu.edu/logicgridpuzzles.
Scaling issues in network monitoring

Monitoring a Tier-1 ISP's extremely large and diverse network places extreme scaling demands on a Data Stream Management System (DSMS). A typical application involves a large number stream queries executing on high volume streams, replicated at a large number of monitoring points, with the results fed to a stream warehouse supporting a large number of users. I will describe some of these challenges and how a DSMS and other tools have evolved to meet them.