Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Meadows School Project: Case Study of a Unique Shared Site Intergenerational Program

This paper describes a unique intergenerational project that the authors propose to be considered under the banner of “shared site” programs. The Meadows School Project shares important features with many intergenerational shared site programs. Its goals to build community, dispel stereotypes, and increase understanding and meaning in relationships between generations are achieved through intensive, high-quality interaction sustained over time. This case study highlights benefits and challenges in line with those noted in other studies of intergenerational shared sites and underscores the importance of further research on important environmental, community, program, and policy dimensions to inform theory and best practice guidelines.
Stone-Tool Bone-Surface Modification by Monkeys

DELPORTE, H. I993a. "Gravettian female figurines: A regional survey," in Before Lascaux: The complex record of the Early Upper Paleolithic. Edited by H. Knecht, A. Pike-Tay, and R. White, pp. 243-57. Boca Raton: CRC Press. I993b. L'image de la femme dans l'art prehistorique. Paris: Picard. GAMBLE, C. s. i982. Interaction and alliance in Paleolithic soc ety. Man I7:92-I07. MARSHACK, A. I986. Une figurine de Grimaldi "red6couverte" Analyse et discussion. L'Anthropologie 90:807-I4. MORTILLET, G. DE. I898. Statuette fausse des Baouss6-Rousse Bulletin de la Societe d'Anthropologie de Paris, S6rie 6, 9:I46
An efficient interpretation of hand gestures to control smart interactive television

In the recent era of smart world, smarter technologies are gaining focus on human computer interaction (HCI) systems, and traditional ways like remote control, mouse, keyboard, etc. are becoming less popular. This paper presents a framework of simple yet efficient approach for future applications of the new age smart and intelligent technologies that shall enhance the HCI specifically for smart television. Hand gesture recognition (HGR)-based model is proposed for wireless control of smart interactive television (SITV), which includes controlling volume and selecting channels. The proposed framework undergoes three steps: 1) the hand gesture of the person is detected by using shape, colour and skin similarity; 2) the extracted features are classified by using rule-based classification and a gesture code is generated; 3) the classified gesture is interpreted by a novel interpreter. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated with different people's hand gestures and compared with the techniques of others.
Implicit processing of prosodic information in patients with left and right hemisphere stroke

Background : Investigations of prosodic processing in brain-damaged patients have primarily focused on hemispheric specialisations in the processing of prosodic structures. Most studies of receptive prosodic abilities in brain-damaged people share a common methodological approach, i.e., they are based on explicit tasks. No attention has been paid so far to the impact of explicit or implicit experimental methodologies. Aims : The aim of this study was to compare implicit and explicit experimental paradigms of receptive prosodic processing in patients with focal left and right hemisphere lesions. Methods & Procedures : Two implicit processing paradigms were used to investigate the comprehension of turn-related prosody (turn-detection task) and of prosodic focus (phoneme-detection task) in patients with focal cerebro-vascular lesions to the left or right cerebral hemisphere. The results were compared with explicit processing data of two matched patient groups selected from a larger sample of an earlier study. Outcomes & Results : (a) In the turn-detection experiment normal subjects and left hemisphere damaged patients relied on prosodic information to detect conversational turns, whereas right hemisphere damaged patients were unable to benefit from the prosodic structure of utterances. A comparison of these results with the performance of two matched patient groups on an explicit "non-linguistic prosodic" paradigm (rating of emotional prosody) revealed the same pattern. b) In the phoneme-detection experiment prosodic focus information influenced detection latencies in both patient groups, i.e., RHD and LHD patients were able to process prosodic focus in an implicit manner. In the explicit processing of prosodic focus (identification task), RHD patients were moderately disturbed, while LHD patients showed more severe impairments. Conclusions : The finding that RHD patients showed impaired performance in three out of four tasks confirmed a substantial deficit in the processing of prosodic information. Their preserved performance in the implicit processing of prosodic focus can be explained by the presence of local cues. On the contrary, the results of the LHD subjects indicate that earlier findings of an impaired prosodic focus processing in these patients might be attributable to the explicit nature of the tasks used in most studies rather than to a primary deficit in the processing of prosodic structures.
Algorithm Evaluation by Probabilistic Fitness/Cost Analysis, and Application to Image Segmentation

In many areas of computer vision the research producing new algorithms greatly exceeds work on their evaluation. Evaluation of vision algorithms is often difficult because of the multiple objectives that an algorithm should meet, for example accuracy and computational efficiency, and because algorithms typically have several parameters which must be specified by the user. In this paper we propose a framework for evaluation of algorithms with multiple objectives, which allows probabilistic analysis of the behavior of a set of algorithms in a joint fitness/cost space. We take the image segmentation problem as an example application domain and use our approach to compare seven state-of-the-art image segmentation algorithms.
Perceptions of 'public opinion' and 'public' opinion expression

ABSTRACT A large number of studies have been devoted to the impact of perceptions of opiniondistributions on the expression of public opinion. In the present study we propose thatperceptions of opinion distributions have implications that go beyond inﬂuencingindividual issue stances, but rather inﬂuence respondents’ willingness to engage inpolitical activities. Speciﬁcally, we examine the link between opinion perceptionsand two dimensions of political participation: participatory behavior involving public expression of opinion, and participatory behavior that does not involve the publicexpression of a person’s opinion. Based on data collected as part of the AmericanNational Election Study, we examine the role that communication variables, groupmembership, attitude strength, and perceptions of public opinion play in predictingpublic and non-public forms of participation in the US. Implications for research inthe areas of political participation and public opinion expression are outlined.
A New Reference Line for the Brain CT: The Tuberculum Sellae-Occipital Protuberance Line is Parallel to the Anterior/Posterior Commissure Line

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: CT and MR imaging of the brain have diverged reference lines. Modified Talairach anterior/posterior commissure (ACPC) line is widely accepted as the standard for clinical brain MR imaging, while orbitomeatal line (OML) is used for CT. This study sought to determine an appropriate reference line for brain CT parallel to the ACPC line. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured the angles between the ACPC line and the OML, the line connecting the tuberculum sellae and the internal occipital protuberance (TS-IOP line), and the line connecting the tuberculum sellae and the external occipital protuberance (TS-EOP line) on midsagittal brain MR images of 223 patients. In addition, with the hard palate as the basis, the angles to the ACPC line in the brain MR images and new reference line on the brain CT images from the same patient were measured, and the difference between the 2 angles was calculated in 30 patients. In the same method, the angles to the OML in the brain CT images and the ACPC line on the brain MR images were measured, and their difference was calculated in 30 patients. Then the 2 difference values were compared with verification of the new reference line. RESULTS: The angles between the ACPC line and both the TS-IOP line (0.0° ± 4.0°) and the TS-EOP line (0.8° ± 3.2°) were significantly smaller than the angles between the ACPC line and the OML (–12.6° ± 4.2°; P < .05). In actual scanned images, the angle differences between the TS-OP (TS-IOP + TS-EOP) line and the ACPC line (0.3° ± 4.5°) were statistically smaller than the angles between the OML and the ACPC line (–6.6° ± 3.9°; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: TS-OP lines are nearly parallel to the ACPC line.
A Thrust from Within: Reconceptualizing Teacher Education at Alverno College.

The year is 1981. Enrollments in teacher education, which in the 1940s and 1950s had accounted for as much as 85% of the student body of this Catholic women's college in Milwaukee, are dropping as the nation faces an oversupply in its teaching force and women begin to choose other careers. What are the college's options? Discontinue the program? Cut back resources and weather the period of decline? The minutes of the college's "Education Reconceptualization Group" for October, 1981, may seem surprising. In describing the discussion that evaluated progress in a major rethinking of the teacher education program, the minutes reported, "We are participating in a time of dramatic changes in education in our society and in our own institution. We are in a rare position to respond to those changes . " ("Minutes," 1981). The Education Department faculty, joined by faculty from other disciplines similarly interested in teaching adults in college and other professional settings, began the major revision of the teacher education program at Alverno College in 1979. The process of the work has spanned the decade of the 1980s, influenced first by an internal stimulus but further encouraged, reinforced, and critiqued by the national debate in the mid-1980s. The articulation of the resulting "Model of the Develop-
The proteasome inhibitor lactacystin enhances GSH synthesis capacity by increased expression of antioxidant components in an Nrf2-independent, but p38 MAPK-dependent manner in rat colorectal carcinoma cells

ABSTRACT Proteasome inhibitors may induce ER stress and oxidative stress, disrupt signaling pathways, and trigger apoptosis in several cancer cells. However, they are also reported to increase glutathione (GSH) synthesis and protect cells from oxidative stress. In the present study, we showed that the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH levels after the treatment of HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. The increased GSH depended upon the activity of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), uptake of cystine/cysteine via the cystine/glutamate transporter , and the activity of γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Increased transcription levels of the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLC), the catalytic subunit xCT of , and GGT were induced by lactacystin, although with different kinetics and stoichiometry. Lactacystin treatment also augmented protein levels of GCLC, xCT, and GGT, but significant levels were not detected until 48 h after initiation of lactacystin treatment. These increases in protein levels were dependent on the p38 MAPK pathway. Studies in cells transfected with siRNA against the transcription factor Nrf2 demonstrated that the promoter activities of xCT and GCLC, but not of GGT, depended on Nrf2. However, depletion of Nrf2 had no effect on lactacystin-induced upregulation of the GGT, GCLC, and xCT mRNA levels. Taken together, our results suggest that oxidative stress provoked by proteasomal inhibition results in the elevation of cellular GSH levels due to increased synthesis of GSH and uptake of cystine/cysteine. Following treatment with lactacystin, enhanced expression of antioxidant components involved in GSH homeostasis is p38 MAPK-dependent, but Nrf2-independent, resulting in increased GSH synthesis capacity.
Supporting Cognition in the Face of Political Data and Discourse: A Mental Models Perspective on Designing Information Visualization Systems

Research into the use of information visualizations (InfoVis) covers various areas, i.e. how users perceive, interact with, or make sense of abstract data through the use of visual interfaces. With regard to more complex topics in the context of political communication, the question shifts to: How do users organize their internal representations gained from multiple perspectives on a global level? And which design recommendations could be derived for external representations - especially for InfoVis interfaces with multiple views? In this paper we discuss the theory of mental models and its consequences for the design of InfoVis interfaces. Especially for multidimensional data, it is a challenge to design accessible and conceptually consistent InfoVis interfaces to support the local and global coherence of the recipients' mental models. In this paper we exemplarily show how different design features can accomplish this in the field of political communication and its complex data.
Social Workers' Counselling Role in Psychiatric Services in Hong Kong

The role as a counsellor has long been recognised as an inherent role for social workers in psychiatric services. In Hong Kong, this role was recognised but not supported by the government. This paper is an account of an original research on the counselling role of social workers in psychiatric services in Hong Kong. In this research, 63 social workers in various psychiatric services were interviewed. Their perception and activities in this role were analysed. The findings show that this role was frequently performed and supported by their agencies, the policy and the public. Unfortunately, activities in this role were highly task- and problem-oriented, with insufficient theoretical and professional backup. Finally, counselling was delivered in the forms of brief advice on patients' immediate problem.
Forgiveness in Northern Ireland: Model for Peace in the Midst of the "Troubles"

For the past 10 years, a robust body of empirical and theoretical literature has been devoted to forgiveness within interpersonal relationships. However, only a few studies have empirically examined forgiveness in intergroup settings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine empirically the interpersonal determinants of intergroup forgiveness within Northern Ireland. University students (N = 297) were given questionnaires that measured religiosity, empathy, contact with the "other community", hope, disposition to forgive, and forgiveness of the "other community". Structural Equation Modeling was used to determine a theoretical model that best fit the data. Results provided empirical support for the use of interpersonal factors in examining societal forgiveness in Northern Ireland. Implications for future research and societal interventions are discussed.
A desolvation barrier to hydrophobic cluster formation may contribute to the rate‐limiting step in protein folding

To gain insight into the free energy changes accompanying protein hydrophobic core formation, we have used computer simulations to study the formation of small clusters of nonpolar solutes in water. A barrier to association is observed at the largest solute separation that does not allow substantial solvent penetration. The barrier reflects an effective increase in the size of the cavity occupied by the expanded but water‐excluding cluster relative to both the close‐packed cluster and the fully solvated separated solutes; a similar effect may contribute to the barrier to protein folding/unfolding. Importantly for the simulation of protein folding without explicit solvent, we find that the interactions between nonpolar solutes of varying size and number can be approximated by a linear function of the molecular surface, but not the solvent‐accessible surface of the solutes. Comparison of the free energy of cluster formation to that of dimer formation suggests that the assumption of pair additivity implicit in current protein database derived potentials may be in error.
TranscriptomeBrowser: A Powerful and Flexible Toolbox to Explore Productively the Transcriptional Landscape of the Gene Expression Omnibus Database

Background As public microarray repositories are constantly growing, we are facing the challenge of designing strategies to provide productive access to the available data. Methodology We used a modified version of the Markov clustering algorithm to systematically extract clusters of co-regulated genes from hundreds of microarray datasets stored in the Gene Expression Omnibus database (n = 1,484). This approach led to the definition of 18,250 transcriptional signatures (TS) that were tested for functional enrichment using the DAVID knowledgebase. Over-representation of functional terms was found in a large proportion of these TS (84%). We developed a JAVA application, TBrowser that comes with an open plug-in architecture and whose interface implements a highly sophisticated search engine supporting several Boolean operators (http://tagc.univ-mrs.fr/tbrowser/). User can search and analyze TS containing a list of identifiers (gene symbols or AffyIDs) or associated with a set of functional terms. Conclusions/Significance As proof of principle, TBrowser was used to define breast cancer cell specific genes and to detect chromosomal abnormalities in tumors. Finally, taking advantage of our large collection of transcriptional signatures, we constructed a comprehensive map that summarizes gene-gene co-regulations observed through all the experiments performed on HGU133A Affymetrix platform. We provide evidences that this map can extend our knowledge of cellular signaling pathways.
Role for α-l-fucosidase in the control of Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric cancer cells

Infecting about one-half of the global human population, Helicobacter pylori is well established as the primary cause of gastritis, duodenal ulcer, and gastric cancer. Currently there is no clear information regarding if and how host cells interact with H. pylori, and if such interactions are dependent on the type of gastric disease. Using fluorescently labeled fucose-containing glycoconjugates, we provide evidence observing both the uptake of l-fucose from gastric cancer cells to H. pylori and that human α-l-fucosidase 2 (FUCA2) is secreted only under coculture conditions (i.e., host cells infected with H. pylori). Upon depletion of FUCA2 by RNA interference and detection of translocated CagA (a virulence factor of H. pylori) in host cells, FUCA2 was found to be essential for H. pylori adhesion, in particular to the gastric cancer- and duodenal ulcer-specific strains. Additionally FUCA2 was shown to significantly enhance the expression of Lewis x antigen in H. pylori, which is critical for bacterial cell adhesion in the pathogenesis and defense strategy to escape host surveillance. These findings not only demonstrate an important connection between FUCA2 and the adhesion, growth, and pathogenicity of H. pylori, but also support the idea that FUCA2 is a potential target for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of H. pylori-related diseases.
Visual object tracking using particle clustering

Computer vision been used to estimate object location relatively from observer on many applications. High definition sensor often used to gain accuracy of the object tracking which resulting high processing complexity. Lower resolution sensor simplifies the process with significant accuracy lost. Particle clustering method estimates the object location by grouping several detection data with certain similarity. Instead of detecting edges and corner on the visual data, this paper uses clustering method to group pixels with certain similarity and measure its element. The cluster measured both height and width to estimate the distance of the object from the observer. New color features introduced in this research promising a better detection approach even with low resolution sensor. The proposed approach successfully provides 30fps image analysis with significant color extraction improvement.
Role of Yeast Glutaredoxins as Glutathione S-transferases*

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two glutaredoxins, encoded by GRX1 and GRX2, that are required for resistance to reactive oxygen species. We recently reported that Grx1 is active as a glutathione peroxidase and can directly reduce hydroperoxides (Collinson, E. J., Wheeler, G. L., Garrido, E. O., Avery, A. M., Avery, S. V., and Grant, C. M. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 16712–16717). We now show that Grx2 is also a general hydroperoxidase, and kinetic data indicate that both enzymes have a similar pattern of activity, which is highest with hydrogen peroxide, followed by cumene hydroperoxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Furthermore, both Grx1 and Grx2 are shown be active as glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and their activity with model substrates such as 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene is similar to their activity with hydroperoxides. Analysis of the Grx1 active site residues shows that Cys-27, but not Cys-30, is required for both the peroxidase and transferase activities, indicating that these reactions proceed via a monothiol mechanism. Deletion analysis shows that Grx1 and Grx2 have an overlapping function with yeast GSTs, encoded by GTT1 and GTT2, and are responsible for the majority of cellular GST activity. In addition, multiple mutants lacking GRX1, GRX2, GTT1, and GTT2 show increased sensitivity to stress conditions, including exposure to xenobiotics, heat, and oxidants. In summary, glutaredoxins are multifunctional enzymes with oxidoreductase, peroxidase, and GST activity, and are therefore ideally suited to detoxify the wide range of xenobiotics and oxidants that can be generated during diverse stress conditions.
L 1 -FRAMEWORK FOR CONTINUOUS DEPENDENCE AND ERROR ESTIMATES FOR QUASILINEAR ANISOTROPIC DEGENERATE PARABOLIC EQUATIONS

We develop a general L 1 -framework for deriving continuous de- pendence and error estimates for quasilinear anisotropic degenerate parabolic equations with the aid of the Chen-Perthame kinetic approach (9). We ap- ply our L 1 -framework to establish an explicit estimate for continuous depen- dence on the nonlinearities and an optimal error estimate for the vanishing anisotropic viscosity method, without imposition of bounded variation of the approximate solutions. Finally, as an example of a direct application of this framework to numerical methods, we focus on a linear convection-diusi on model equation and derive an L 1 error estimate for an upwind-central finite dierence scheme.
Word 2 Image : Towards Visual Interpretation of Words

Besides the traditional textual semantic description to convey the meanings of a certain concept or word, visual illustration is a complementary, yet important and more intuitive way to interpret the word. Thus the technique that converts word to image is desirable though it is very difficult. Since a word usually has different semantic aspects, we need several correct and semanticrich images to represent the word. In this paper, we explore how to leverage the web image collections to fulfill such task and develop a novel multimedia application system, Word2Image. Various techniques, including the correlation analysis, semantic and visual clustering are adapted into our system to produce sets of high quality, precise, diverse and representative images to visually translate a given word. The objective and subjective evaluations show the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach.