Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Same-Session Combined Endurance and Strength Training in Recreational Endurance Runners

Abstract This study examined neuromuscular adaptations in recreational endurance runners during 24 weeks of same-session combined endurance and strength training (E+S, n=13) vs. endurance training only (E, n=14). Endurance training was similar in the 2 groups (4–6x/week). Additional maximal and explosive strength training was performed in E+S always after incremental endurance running sessions (35–45 min, 65–85% HRmax). Maximal dynamic leg press strength remained statistically unaltered in E+S but decreased in E at week 24 (−5±5%, p=0.014, btw-groups at week 12 and 24, p=0.014 and 0.011). Isometric leg press and unilateral knee extension force, EMG of knee extensors and voluntary activation remained statistically unaltered in E+S and E. The changes in muscle cross-sectional (CSA) differed between the 2 groups after 12 (E+S+6±8%, E −5±6%, p<0.001) and 24 (E+S+7±7%, E −6±5%, p<0.001) weeks. 1 000 m running time determined during an incremental field test decreased in E+S and E after 12 (−7±3%, p<0.001 and −8±5%, p=0.001) and 24 (−9±5%, p=0.001 and −13±5%, p<0.001) weeks. Strength training performed always after an endurance running session did not lead to increased maximal strength, CSA, EMG or voluntary activation. This possibly contributed to the finding of no endurance performance benefits in E+S compared to E.
Elements of Robust Decision Theory Applied to U.K. Monetary Policy

In this paper we provide an introductory discussion of several issues relating to robust policy design. We apply H∞ methods to a standard empirical New Keynesian model of inflation and output gap and derive optimal LQG and H∞ interest rate policy rules and compare them with the historical record in the UK over 1988 -2001. Both optimal rules are substantially more active than the historical policy record. We also investigate the importance of measurement errors on the output gap and inflation forecast. It is clear that implementing the most robust rule does not make economic sense but more robust rules than the LQG rule seem to coincide well with actually policy over the period when the MPC has been in place. However there is still a question as to why actual monetary policy has been less responsive than these optimal rules suggest and whether any preference for robustness is explicit within the MPC policy making process.
Mitochondrial disorders of the nuclear genome.

BACKGROUND Mitochondrial myopathies are regulated by two genomes: the nuclear DNA, and the mitochondrial DNA. While, so far, most studies have dealt with mitochondrial myopathies due to deletions or point mutations in the mitochondrial DNA, a new field of investigation is that of syndromes due to mutations in the nuclear DNA. These latter disorders have mendelian inheritance. RESULTS Three representative cases have been selected: one with COX deficiency and a Leigh syndrome due to a SURF1 gene mutation, one due to a defect of Coenzyme Q synthesis and one with dominant optic atrophy due to a mutation in the OPA1 gene. CONCLUSIONS Future developments will show that many neurodegenerative disorders are due to mutations of nuclear genes controlling mitochondrial function, fusion and fission.
Farm household efficiency in Bangladesh: a comparison of stochastic frontier and DEA methods

This study compares estimates of technical efficiency obtained from the stochastic frontier approach and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach using farm-level survey data for rice farmers in Bangladesh. Technical inefficiency effects are modelled as a function of farm-specific socioeconomic factors, environmental factors and irrigation infrastructure. The results from both the approaches indicate that efficiency is significantly influenced by the factors measuring environmental degradation and irrigation infrastructure.
Causes and Consequences of Return Migration: Recent Evidence from China☆

Abstract Return migration is an integral part of the rural to urban labor migration in China. Using recent household survey data, this paper analyzes the determinants of return migration and the economic behavior of return migrants. The main findings are as follows. First, return migration is of limited scale and out-migration is still dominant. Second, both push and pull factors affect the return decision. Third, return migrants invest significantly more in productive farm assets but are no more likely to engage in local nonfarm activities than are nonmigrants and migrants. These findings suggest that return migrants may play an important role in the modernization process. J. Comp. Econ., June 2002, 30(2), pp. 376–394. China Center for Economic Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. © 2002 Association for Comparative Economic Studies. Published by Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: J61, J24, R23.
Growth and the external constraint: lessons from the Spanish case

The present article attempts to determine the role played by the balance-of-payments constraint on economic growth in Spain (1960-94), using cointegration techniques. This empirical exercise also serves to reveal some shortcomings in the usual procedures for estimating Thirlwall's Law. In particular, the Spanish case reveals how important it is to introduce a variable that expresses the competitiveness gains generated by improvements in quality of the goods and services into the export function. It also demonstrates the inadequate simplification entailed in an a priori exclusion of relative prices in external equilibrium equation. Not taking these two aspects into consideration may give rise to an erroneous confirmation of Thirlwall's Law, especially if, as in the Spanish case, both effects offset each other. Finally, if the aim is to analyse long-term relationships between variables, it would seem advisable to use procedures, such as cointegration, with variables in levels.
New Urban Poverty in China: Disadvantaged Retrenched Workers*

China's state-owned enterprise reform has laid off tens of millions of workers (xiagang zhigong) and created a massive new urban underclass. According to the central government's policies, 'retrenched' does not necessarily mean 'unemployed' and a handful of countermeasures to alleviate urban poverty were put into practice. Have these policies been implemented? Were these central government policies implemented correctly at the grassroots level? How have retrenched workers been treated? This paper uses interviews with individual retrenched workers to provide different stories about the reasons they were retrenched; how they were retrenched; the 'invisible injuries' they have been enduring; and their views about social and political issues. This paper concludes that this disadvantaged urban underclass could become a new element of social unrest and a real threat to the Chinese government if no further attention is given to them.
The big problem of forecasting small change

The United States Mint recently reviewed approaches to forecasting the demand for new coin. This paper reports on methods used to determine fundamental attributes of the data, and uses these to help better determine appropriate model specification in order to better plan coin production. In particular, the debate regarding trend versus difference stationarity in macroeconomic trending data is considered. The interest in the present paper is limited to applying a well known unit root test procedure to an untested macrodata set – changes in US Coin demand – to see whether the test is useful in guiding the specification to improved forecast performance. It is found that the forecast results are somewhat sensitive to the way in which the data are seasonally adjusted, and lessons learned from this ‘case study’ indicate that unit root tests are useful in guiding model specification.
Factors affecting e-business successful implementation

Purpose – The present study aims to investigate the impact of organizational capabilities in the successful implementation of e-business. More specifically, the study proposes a three-dimensional conceptual framework, including “organizational learning capabilities”, “knowledge management capabilities” and “organizational readiness”. Such a multidimensional approach has randomly been explored in the existing literature, making the examination of the proposed conceptual framework an interesting research topic. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed conceptual framework was tested on a sample of Greek companies with an online involvement. Information System executives were used as key respondents. The final sample consisted of 213 companies. The reliability and the validity of the newly developed questionnaire were thoroughly examined. Empirical data were analyzed using the “structural equation modeling” technique. Findings – The results of the study reveal that “training availability”, “knowledge level.
Price Distributions and Core Inflation Measures: How Do They Differ in a Rapidly Structurally Adjusted Economy?

This paper investigates price distributions and core inflation measures in Egypt. First, it uses moment analysis to document the characteristics of the cross-sectional distribution of price changes, and show their implications for the aggregate inflation and core inflation measures. Second, it uses exclusion-based methods and asymmetric trimmed methods to build core inflation measures. Third, it examines the relative performance of exclusion-based core, trimmed means, and weighted medians as measures of underlying inflation. The results lend support to the use of weighted medians, exclusion-based core, followed by trimmed means as useful measures of underlying inflation. Finally, the paper highlights the importance of treating the informational content of core inflation measures cautiously when the economy is subject to relatively long lasting and rapid structural changes.
Characterization of the interactions between calmodulin and death receptor 5 in triple-negative and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells. AN INTEGRATED EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY.

Romone M. Fancy, Lingyun Wang, Thomas Schmid, Qinghua Zeng, Hong Wang, Tong Zhou, Donald J. Buchsbaum, and Yuhua Song Thomas Schmid was inadvertently omitted as an author. The author line should appear as shown. Thomas Schmid contributed to the computational studies and was supported by the U. S. Department of State through a Fulbright scholarship. His primary affiliation is with the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, and his secondary affiliation is with the Department of Computer Engineering, Universität Leipzig, Augustusplatz 10, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany. Additionally, Thomas Schmid, Qinghua Zeng, and Hong Wang contributed equally to this study. THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY VOL. 291, NO. 45, p. 23489, November 4, 2016 © 2016 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Published in the U.S.A.
Nonparametric Linkage Regression II: Identification of Influential Pedigrees in Tests for Linkage

We applied case‐deletion‐based diagnostics to the combined Caucasian genome scan data for asthma and IgE from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Asthma (CSGA) and German family studies in order to identify influential pedigrees in tests for linkage. These methods identified 12 pedigrees whose data appear not to fit the asthma linkage model and for whom alternative genetic and nongenetic explanations can be explored. The methods also identified four pedigrees for chromosome 1 and two pedigrees for chromosome 2 that provide strong evidence for linkage at their respective loci. Similarly, these methods helped identify four pedigrees that strongly influenced the linkage tests for IgE. From these data, we can construct an enriched subset of pedigrees to be used in further analysis for mapping region‐specific putative trait predisposing loci. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The American Family in Black & White: A Post-Racial Strategy for Improving Skills to Promote Equality

Abstract In contemporary America, racial gaps in achievement are primarily due to gaps in skills. Skill gaps emerge early, before children enter school. Families are major producers of skills, thus inequality in school performance is strongly linked to inequality in family environments. Schools do little to reduce or enlarge the skill gaps that are present when children enter school. Parenting matters, and the true measure of child advantage and disadvantage is the quality of parenting received. A growing fraction of American children across all race and ethnic groups is being raised in dysfunctional families. Investment in the early lives of children from disadvantaged families will help close achievement gaps. America currently relies too heavily on schools and adolescent remediation strategies to solve problems that start in the preschool years. Policy should prevent rather than remediate. Voluntary, culturally sensitive support for parenting is a politically and economically palatable strategy that addresses problems common to all racial and ethnic groups.
Overexpression of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) is associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in patients with early‐stage cervical cancer

As one of the only two isoforms of the eukaryotic initiation factor (EIF)5A family, EIF5A2 plays an important role in tumour progression and prognosis evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate EIF5A2 expression in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I–II cervical cancer and to evaluate its clinical significance.
Exclusion versus Governance: Two Strategies for Delineating Property Rights

The delineation of property rights can follow two strategies that form the poles of a spectrum. In the exclusion strategy, rough proxies for use allow further individuation of use to be delegated to an owner. In the governance strategy, resource use is measured in terms of individual activities. Each strategy has its own characteristic cost structure. This theory, which is based on proxy measurement, refines the Demsetz thesis to allow for increased use of governance as well as exclusion. The theory also provides testable implications about the direction of expected change in exclusion and governance regimes and shifts among them. The proxy‐measurement theory is contrasted with an account that is based on rising resource values inducing more incursion and hence lower exclusion. A primary illustrative application is the rise of the open‐field system in England and the Demsetzian puzzle of the open fields both arising from and giving way to more exclusive ownership of parcels.
Marriage penalties, marriage, and cohabitation

I examine the effect of marriage penalties in the US income tax system on marital status. I construct a simulated instrument that exploits variation in the tax code over time and between US states to deal with potential endogeneity between the marriage penalty a couple faces and their marital status. I find that a $1000 increase in the marriage penalty faced reduces the probability of marriage by 1.7 percentage points, an effect four times larger than previously estimated. Those in the lowest education groups respond by as much as 2.7 percentage points, with the average response declining as education increases.
How should I treat multiple coronary aneurysms with severe stenoses?

BACKGROUND: A 46-year-old male, with a history of old myocardial infarction in the first diagonal branch (D1) treated with balloon angioplasty three years before, was admitted to our institution because of chest pain on effort. He underwent coronary angiography which revealed multiple coronary aneurysms in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and the D1 with severe stenoses in the LAD, D1, and the obtuse marginal branch. INVESTIGATION: Coronary angiography, fractional flow reserve, scintigraphy, coronary computed tomography. DIAGNOSIS: Multiple coronary aneurysms with severe stenoses. MANAGEMENT: Percutaneous coil embolisation and stenting.
The CAP in 1995--A Qualitative Approach to Policy Forecasting

The paper describes how long-term forecasts of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) can be generated using qualitative information. Following an explanation of the methodology adopted, the discussion focuses on the analysis of a Delphi survey on the future of the CAP, carried out between January and August, 1986. The results illustrate a number of contrasting characteristics typical of Delphi surveys, in particular, the problems associated with communicating complex and often complicated concepts and the trade-off which exists between accuracy and efficiency in conducting a survey of this kind. The forecasts cover a number of issues and include probability estimates of specific events (renationalization of the CAP, enlargement of the EC, introduction of majority voting, increase in "own resources," maintenance of dairy quotas), the identification of key issues and future policy developments, and numerical forecasts of budgetary expenditure, farming incomes and the level of price support in 1995. Copyright 1989 by Oxford University Press.
Yeast Recombination Enhancer Is Stimulated by Transcription Activation

ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating type switching is a gene conversion event that exhibits donor preference. MAT a cells choose HMLα for recombination, and MATα cells choose HMR a. Donor preference is controlled by the recombination enhancer (RE), located between HMLα and MAT a on the left arm of chromosome III. A number of a-cell specific noncoding RNAs are transcribed from the RE locus. Mcm1 and Fkh1 regulate RE activity in a cells. Here we show that Mcm1 binding is required for both the transcription of the noncoding RNAs and Fkh1 binding. This requirement can be bypassed by inserting another promoter into the RE. Moreover, the insertion of this promoter increases donor preference and opens the chromatin structure around the conserved domains of RE. Additionally, we determined that the level of Fkh1 binding positively correlates with the level of donor preference. We conclude that the role of Mcm1 in RE is to open chromatin around the conserved domains and activate transcription; this facilitates Fkh1 binding and the level of this binding determines the level of donor preference.
Coordinated relay beamforming based on the worst-case SINR in multicell wireless systems

This paper studies the coordinated multicell downlink transmission to cope with the severe inter-cell interference (ICI) in future cellular systems. We propose an iterative scheme to jointly optimize the base station (BS) and relay beamforming weights to maximize the worst-case signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) with perfect channel state information (CSI), under two different types of BS and relay power constraints, respectively, which are the total power constraints and individual power constraints. Using the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technology, the optimization problems for BS and relay beamforming weights can be converted into semidefinite programming (SDP) problems, which can be effectively solved by interior-point methods. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed iterative scheme can achieve near-optimal performance within a few iterations and provide a good tradeoff between performance and cost (i.e. the number of BS antennas and relays) in the multicell systems.
Benefits Segmentation of Visitors to Latin America

This research presents an effective segmentation of Latin American tourists and thereby provides invaluable input and guidance for destination marketers in regard to strategic planning for the region’s tourist provision. Four distinct segments are identified based on the benefits sought, and these are profiled with respect to demographics, travel behavior, expectations about the infrastructure, local environment, services, and costs, as well as the visitors’ personalities and interests. Globally, the most important decision drivers are found to be safety, flight and accommodation availability, and affordability. This research also presents an overview of benefits segmentation literature on tourism.
Diabetic foot ulcer classification system for research purposes: a progress report on criteria for including patients in research studies

Various different systems have been proposed to classify diabetic foot ulcers, but none has gained widespread acceptance. The International Working Group of the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) developed a classification system for research purposes, which is described in this report. In this PEDIS system, all foot ulcers should be classified according to five categories: perfusion, extent/size, depth/tissue loss, infection and sensation. The methods to determine the presence and severity of these factors are described; each (sub)category is defined according to strict criteria, which are applicable worldwide. All experts involved and all members of the IWGDF reached consensus on this system, which will be validated first, before it can be formally introduced. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Lustrum of SEA: Recent Research Trends Following the Creation of the Spatial Econometrics Association (2007–2011)

Abstract The Spatial Econometrics Association appeared on the scene only five years ago during a time of unprecedented expansion of research activities in the field. This paper tries to summarize the developments that occurred in this first lustrum of life of the Association. The review considers more than 230 papers that appeared in the last five years in various scientific journals. The emerging picture is that of a field that is still experiencing its phase of rapid growth with a large number of theoretical developments together with a progressive enlargement of the fields of application outside the traditional ones. RÉSUMÉ L'association Spatial Econometrics Association a fait son apparition il y a tout juste 5 ans, dans une époque marquée par une expansion sans pareille des travaux de recherche sur ce sujet. Cette communication s'efforce de résumer les développements sur venus dans cette première période d'existence de l'association. L'examen porte sur 237 communications parues au cours des 5 dernières années dans différentes publications scientifiques. Le tableau qui en ressort est celui d'un domaine qui traverse encore une phase d'expansion rapide, marquée par un grand nombre de développements thèoriques ainsi qu'un élargissement progressif des champs d'application au-delà des domaines traditionnels. Resumen La Asociación de Econometriía Espacial apareció en escena tan sólo 5 años atrás durante un período de expansión sin precedentes de las actividades de investigación en este campo. Este estudio intenta resumir los logros de la Asociación en su primer lustro de vida. Esta reseña considera 237 estudios que han sido publicados en los últimos 5 años en diversas revistas científicas. La imagen que surge es de un campo que está aún experimentando su fase de rápido crecimiento con un alto número de logros teóricos junto con un crecimiento progresivo de los campos de aplicación fuera de los tradicionales.