Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plant Exit and U.S. Imports from Low-Wage Countries

Over the past twenty years, imports to the U.S. from low-wage countries have increased dramatically. In this paper we examine how low-wage country import competition in the U.S. influences the probability of manufacturing establishment closure. Confidential data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census are used to track all manufacturing establishments between 1992 and 2007. These data are linked to measures of import competition built from individual trade transactions. Controlling for a variety of plant and firm covariates, we show that low-wage import competition has played a significant role in manufacturing plant exit. Analysis employs fixed effects panel models running across three periods: the first plant-level panels examining trade and exit for the U.S. economy. Our results appear robust to concerns regarding endogeneity.
Specific growth rate and multiplicity of infection affect high‐cell‐density fermentation with bacteriophage M13 for ssDNA production

The bacteriophage M13 has found frequent applications in nanobiotechnology due to its chemically and genetically tunable protein surface and its ability to self‐assemble into colloidal membranes. Additionally, its single‐stranded (ss) genome is commonly used as scaffold for DNA origami. Despite the manifold uses of M13, upstream production methods for phage and scaffold ssDNA are underexamined with respect to future industrial usage. Here, the high‐cell‐density phage production with Escherichia coli as host organism was studied in respect of medium composition, infection time, multiplicity of infection, and specific growth rate. The specific growth rate and the multiplicity of infection were identified as the crucial state variables that influence phage amplification rate on one hand and the concentration of produced ssDNA on the other hand. Using a growth rate of 0.15 h−1 and a multiplicity of infection of 0.05 pfu cfu−1 in the fed‐batch production process, the concentration of pure isolated M13 ssDNA usable for scaffolded DNA origami could be enhanced by 54% to 590 mg L−1. Thus, our results help enabling M13 production for industrial uses in nanobiotechnology. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 777–784. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A literature review on HRM and innovation – taking stock and future directions

Abstract This article reviews the growing body of empirical evidence (N = 35) on the impact of HRM on innovation that has been published during the past 25 years (1990–2015). Our most definitive finding concerns the impact of bundled HRM practices, which can be firmly linked to innovation. The role of high-commitment practice bundles appears particularly important. Studies on the various individual practices indicate that practices that foster employee commitment, loyalty, learning and intrinsic motivation are conducive to innovation. Some evidence points to the role of macro- and micro-level moderators setting boundary conditions (e.g. industry and strategy) for the HRM–innovation relationship and to mediators, such as creativity and knowledge management, as explanatory mechanisms as to why HRM impacts innovation. We noted a number of insufficiently covered areas that call for further research. We present four specific recommendations: (1) different phases of the innovation process deserve greater attention; (2) the invention of radical innovation warrants further investigation; (3) measurement of innovation and HRM should be more consistent; and (4) the theoretical underpinnings of the relationship between HRM and innovation should be strengthened. We conclude by reflecting the ‘black box’ stage between HRM and innovation through the AMO framework.
Local oxygen supply and blood flow regulation in contracting muscle in dogs and rabbits.

1. Multiwire surface electrodes were used to measure local hydrogen clearance curves and tissues PO2 in the sartorius muscle in dogs under resting conditions and during stimulation of the muscle at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 20 Hz via the femoral nerve. Tissue oxygen supply was assessed by means of PO2 histograms; evaluation of the initial slopes of the hydrogen clearance curves enabled the measurement of capillary blood flow. 2. In a further model, the analysis of hydrogen clearance curves measured in the femoral vein using intravascular needle electrodes in rabbits enabled the distribution of blood flow to be evaluated both under resting conditions and during direct 2 Hz stimulation of the vastus medialis muscle. 3. Increased oxygen consumption, induced by stimulation, caused increases in capillary flow which were not necessarily accompanied by augmentation of femoral artery flow. 4. PO2 histograms provided no evidence of cellular anoxia even at the maximum level of oxygen consumption. 5. A two‐compartment distribution of flow was measured under resting conditions, whereas only one compartment could be resolved during 2 Hz stimulation of the vastus medialis muscle in the rabbit experiments. A clear redistribution of flow was observed in the absence of any increase in total flow. 6. A model for oxygen‐dependent regulation of capillary blood flow involving high‐flow and normal‐flow compartments is proposed.
Research on Web information extraction based on spider algorithm and DOM thinking

The structure characteristics of the website is complicated, Web information structure is not fixed and not neat, so it is inefficient that the Web information is captured largely, the integration of Web information is very difficulty. Research Web information extraction technology, put forward and carry out a new method based on a spider algorithm and DOM thinking. Experimental results show that the method can extract information efficiently and accurately on the Web.
Assessment of gold nanoparticles on human peripheral blood cells by metabolic profiling with 1H-NMR spectroscopy, a novel translational approach on a patient-specific basis

Human peripheral blood cells are relevant ex vivo models for characterizing diseases and evaluating the pharmacological effects of therapeutic interventions, as they provide a close reflection of an individual pathophysiological state. In this work, a new approach to evaluate the impact of nanoparticles on the three main fractions of human peripheral blood cells by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is shown. Thus, a comprehensive protocol has been set-up including the separation of blood cells, their in vitro treatment with nanoparticles and the extraction and characterization of metabolites by nuclear magnetic resonance. This method was applied to assess the effect of gold nanoparticles, either coated with chitosan or supported on ceria, on peripheral blood cells from healthy individuals. A clear antioxidant effect was observed for chitosan-coated gold nanoparticles by a significant increase in reduced glutathione, that was much less pronounced for gold-cerium nanoparticles. In addition, the analysis revealed significant alterations of several other pathways, which were stronger for gold-cerium nanoparticles. These results are in accordance with the toxicological data previously reported for these materials, confirming the value of the current methodology.
Development trajectories of Finnish managers' work ability over a 10-year follow-up period.

OBJECTIVES The study investigated the development trajectories of managers' work ability over a 10-year period. In addition, baseline factors affecting the development course were sought from the managers' background variables, work resources, and attitudes. Differences in retirement age in the detected trajectory groups were also examined. METHODS Questionnaire data were collected from Finnish managers (N=1033) in 1996, 1999, and 2006. In 1996, the mean age of the participants was 44 (range 20-65) years, and 28.5%, 35.5%, and 36% of the participants were in upper, middle, and lower management, respectively. RESULTS The analysis identified the following five trajectories over the follow-up period: (i) work ability consistently excellent (N=662), (ii) work ability good but declining (N=252), (iii) work ability declined from good to poor (N=54), (iv) work ability improved from moderate to good (N=46), and (v) work ability consistently poor (N=19). In the first group, the participants were more likely to be younger and to work in upper management, as compared with the other groups. They also gave their job control, organizational climate, and organizational commitment the highest rating. The mean retirement age was the highest (61.3 years) in the two most favorable work ability groups (1 and 2) and the lowest (55.4 years) in the group "work ability consistently poor. " CONCLUSIONS Aging managers and lower-level managers are at risk of having their work ability develop in an unfavorable direction. Therefore, more attention should be given to psychosocial work conditions in organizations in order to prevent poor work ability.
Combined anterior-posterior fusion for cervical spondylotic myelopathy in patients with athetoid cerebral palsy.

OBJECT Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) or myeloradiculopathy, frequent in adults with athetoid cerebral palsy, is a serious secondary disability in patients with an existing congenital handicap. Although several surgical procedures have been described for CSM in adults with athetoid cerebral palsy, none has had satisfying long-term results. The object of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combined anterior-posterior fusion with wave-shaped rods and its influence on the stability of other spinal segments. METHODS Twenty-three patients with CSM and athetoid cerebral palsy underwent posterior fusion with wave-shaped rods combined with anterior interbody fusion with internal fixation; 20 patients, 17 men and three women, were followed for more than 5 years. This procedure yielded good results. The mean follow-up period was 8.7 years (range 5-17 years). At 1-year follow-up examination, ambulation had improved in 12 patients. Upper-extremity pain, deltoid muscle weakness, and ability to self-feed improved in almost all patients. Myelopathy recurred in one patient 8.5 years after surgery. The mean motion angle at the adjacent level to the fixed segment did not change postoperatively, but the mean motion between C-1 and C-2 increased and slight atlantoaxial subluxation occurred postoperatively in five patients. CONCLUSIONS Combined anterior-posterior fusion can effectively improve neurological function in patients with CSM and athetoid cerebral palsy, even in those with severe involuntary movements. Postoperative rigid external fixation is not required.
Pulling back the curtain: Issues in conducting an intervention study with transition-aged youth with autism spectrum disorder and their families

The transition from high school to adulthood is difficult for youth with autism spectrum disorder and their families. Recognizing these challenges, there is a small but emerging body of literature testing interventions to improve the transition process. But there are many challenges in performing intervention research that have yet to be fully addressed. We discuss issues that should be considered when conducting interventions with individuals with autism spectrum disorder to improve the transition to adulthood, drawing from our study of a parent training to facilitate access to adult services during the transition years. Issues covered include (1) timing (when is an intervention most effective? ), (2) mode of delivery (what is the best way to present information? ), (3) outcomes (how can intervention outcomes be accurately measured? ), (4) target population (who is the intervention designed to help? ), and (5) level of intervention (who should the intervention target? ). Our answers, though preliminary, show the need to be flexible, to adopt a trial-and-error stance, and to listen to the needs—both explicit and implicit—of youth with autism spectrum disorder and their parents as they navigate the difficult transition from adolescence to adulthood.
An Optimal Set of Uncorrelated Margin Discriminant Vector

Since An optimal discriminant vector of linear discriminant (LDA) is similar to normal vector of classification hyperplane of support vector machine (SVM), and a optimal set of uncorrelated discriminant vectors is superior to optimal set of orthogonal discriminant vectors, inspired from the idea of SVM, an optimal set of uncorrelated margin discriminant vectors is presented. A modified SVM is first proposed by adding a constrained condition; then the optimal set of uncorrelated discriminant vectors can be recursively extracted from samples through a quadratic optimal problem. The proposed method inherits the merits of the SVM, and can deal with small sample size problem and be expanded into problem of nonlinear feature extraction through kernel method, The simulations demonstrate the efficiencies of the proposed algorithm.
Dendritic glutamate receptor channels in rat hippocampal CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons.

1. Properties of dendritic glutamate receptor (GluR) channels were investigated using fast application of glutamate to outside‐out membrane patches isolated from the apical dendrites of CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices. CA3 patches were formed (15‐76 microns from the soma) in the region of mossy fibre (MF) synapses, and CA1 patches (25‐174 microns from the soma) in the region of Schaffer collateral (SC) innervation. 2. Dual‐component responses consisting of a rapidly rising and decaying component followed by a second, substantially slower, component were elicited by 1 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate in the presence of 10 microM glycine and absence of external Mg2+. The fast component was selectively blocked by 2‐5 microM 6‐cyano‐7‐nitroquinoxaline‐2,3‐dione (CNQX) and the slow component by 30 microM D‐2‐amino‐5‐phosphonopentanoic acid (D‐AP5), suggesting that the fast and slow components were mediated by the GluR channels of the L‐alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) and NMDA type, respectively. The peak amplitude ratio of the NMDA to AMPA receptor‐mediated components varied between 0.03 and 0.62 in patches from both CA3 and CA1 dendrites. Patches lacking either component were rarely observed. 3. The peak current‐voltage (I‐V) relationship of the fast component was almost linear, whereas the I‐V relationship of the slow component showed a region of negative slope in the presence of 1 mM external Mg2+. The reversal potential for both components was close to 0 mV. 4. Kainate‐preferring GluR channels did not contribute appreciably to the response to glutamate. The responses to 100 ms pulses of 1 mM glutamate were mimicked by application of 1 mM AMPA, whereas 1 mM kainate produced much smaller, weakly desensitizing currents. This suggests that the fast component is primarily mediated by the action of glutamate on AMPA‐preferring receptors. 5. The mean elementary conductance of AMPA receptor channels was about 10 pS, as estimated by non‐stationary fluctuation analysis. The permeability of these channels to Ca2+ was low (approximately 5% of the permeability to Cs+). 6. The elementary conductance of NMDA receptor channels was larger, with a main conductance state of about 45 pS. These channels were 3.6 times more permeable to Ca2+ than to Cs+. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Optimal Financing Schemes for Unemployment Benefits: A Transatlantic Comparison

In this paper we study, in a dsge model, the properties of an optimal financing scheme for unemployment benefits in a rigid, and in a flexible labor market. Taking inspiration from the us unemployment insurance system, we ask if firms should be taxed in proportion to their layoffs to finance the cost incurred by the unemployment-benefits fund. Moreover, we investigate how macroeconomic variables respond to aggregate shocks when labor market institutions differ. We study how a labor-market reform should be engaged to reduce the cost of fluctuations. The optimal policy is determined using dsge techniques and the welfare gains are evaluated. We find that an optimal combination of unemployment benefits and layoff taxes is welfare-improving and can also improve labor market performances. In our two benchmark economies, the efficient layoff tax is close to the expected fiscal cost of an unemployed worker. Layoff taxes create a financial incentive for employers to stabilize their employment, reducing the worker flows and unemployment volatility considerably. The welfare cost induced by the reform is sizeable.
Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana Capable of Germination under Saline Conditions

Three mutant strains of Arabidopsis thaliana var Columbia were selected for their ability to germinate in elevated concentrations of NaCl. They were not more tolerant than wild type at subsequent development stages. Wild-type strains could not germinate at concentrations > 125 mM NaCl. Two of mutant strains, RS17 and RS20, could withstand up to 225 mM, whereas RS19 was resistant to 175 mM. The RS mutants could also germinate under even lower osmotic potentials imposed by high concentrations of exogenous mannitol (550 mM), whereas the effects of elevated levels of KCl, K2SO4, and LiCl were similar among the mutants and wild type. Therefore, the mutants are primarily osmotolerant, but they also possess a degree of ionic tolerance for sodium. Sodium and potassium contents of seeds exposed to high salinities indicated that the NaCl-tolerant mutants absorbed more of these respective cations during imbibition. These higher internal concentrations of potassium and sodium could contribute to the osmotic adjustment of the germinating seeds to the low osmotic potential of the external medium. Genetic analysis of F1 and F2 progeny of outcrosses suggest that the salt-tolerant mutations are recessive and that they define three complementation groups.
Extractive speech summarization by active learning

In this paper, we propose an active learning approach for feature-based extractive summarization of lecture speech. Most state-of-the-art speech summarization systems are trained by using a large amount of human reference summaries. Active learning targets to minimize human annotation efforts by automatically selecting a small amount of unlabeled examples for labeling. Our method chooses the unlabeled examples according to a combination of informativeness criterion and robustness criterion. Our summarization results show an increasing learning curve of ROUGE-L F-measure, from 0.44 to 0.54, consistently higher than that of using randomly chosen training samples. We also show that, by following the rhetorical structure in presentation slides, it is possible for humans to produce Ȝgold standardȝ reference summaries with very high inter-labeler agreement.
Plasmodium falciparum Possesses a Cell Cycle-regulated Short Type Replication Protein A Large Subunit Encoded by an Unusual Transcript*

DNA replication in Plasmodiumparasites takes place at multiple distinct points during their complex life cycle in the mosquito and vertebrate hosts. Although several parasite proteins involved in DNA replication have been described, the various mechanisms engaged in DNA metabolism of this major pathogen remain largely unexplored. As a step toward understanding this complex network, we describe the identification of Plasmodium falciparum replication protein A large subunit (pfRPA1) through affinity purification and mass spectral analysis of a purified 55-kDa factor. Gel retardation experiments revealed that pfRPA is the major single-stranded DNA binding activity in parasite protein extracts. The activity was expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner with peak activities in late trophozoites and schizonts, thus correlating with the beginning of chromosomal DNA replication. Accordingly, the pfrpa1message was detected in parasites 20–24 h post-invasion which is in agreement with the expression of other P. falciparumDNA replication genes. Our results show that pfRPA1 is encoded by an unusual 6.5-kb transcript containing a single open reading frame of which only the C-terminal 42% of the deduced protein sequence shows homologies to other reported RPA1s. Like the orthologues of other protozoan parasites, pfRPA1 lacks the N-terminal protein interaction domain and is thus remarkably smaller than the RPA1s of higher eukaryotes.
Exploitation of spectral redundancy in cyclostationary signals

It is shown that the cyclostationarity attribute, as it is reflected in the periodicities of (second-order) moments of the signal, can be interpreted in terms of the property that allows generation of spectral lines from the signal by putting it through a (quadratic) nonlinear transformation. The fundamental link between the spectral-line generation property and the statistical property called spectral correlation, which corresponds to the correlation that exists between the random fluctuations of components of the signal residing in distinct spectral bands, is explained. The effects on the spectral-correlation characteristics of some basic signal processing operations, such as filtering, product modulation, and time sampling, are examined. It is shown how to use these results to derive the spectral-correlation characteristics for various types of man-made signals. Some ways of exploiting the inherent spectral redundancy associated with spectral correlation to perform various signal processing tasks involving detection and estimation of highly corrupted man-made signals are described. <<ETX>>
Detection of Classical Swine Fever Virus in Boar Semen by Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction

A seminested reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was developed for the detection of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in semen. Five boars were inoculated intranasally with CSFV isolate propagated in PK15 cells. Two boars inoculated with the supernatant of noninfected PK15 cells were kept as controls. Semen and serum samples were collected twice weekly for 63 days postinoculation (dpi). Samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to CSFV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for the presence of CSFV nucleic acid by seminested RT-PCR. Antibodies to CSFV could be detected as early as 7 dpi in 1 boar, and all 5 infected boars were found positive by 14 dpi. CSFV from boar semen was infrequently identified by virus isolation compared with seminested RT-PCR. CSFV nucleic acid was detected in semen by seminested RT-PCR as early as 7 dpi in 3 infected boars and persistently thereafter in all 5 infected boars until 63 dpi. When separated fractions of CSFV-contaminated semen were analyzed by the seminested RT-PCR, the CSFV nucleic acid was detected mainly in seminal fluid and occasionally in nonsperm cells. CSFV antigen was also detected in nonsperm cells from semen smear by immunohistochemistry. Thus, infection via semen, specially through CSFV-infected seminal fluid, seems to be a major route of transmission of CSFV.