Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of the protein kinase C phosphorylation site in neuromodulin.

Neuromodulin (P-57, GAP-43, B-50, F-1) is a neurospecific calmodulin binding protein that is phosphorylated by protein kinase C. Phosphorylation by protein kinase C has been shown to abolish the affinity of neuromodulin for calmodulin [Alexander, K. A. , Cimler, B. M. , Meier, K. E. , & Storm, D. R. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 6108-6113], and we have proposed that the concentration of free CaM in neurons may be regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of neuromodulin. The purpose of this study was to identify the protein kinase C phosphorylation site(s) in neuromodulin using recombinant neuromodulin as a substrate. Toward this end, it was demonstrated that recombinant neuromodulin purified from Escherichia coli and bovine neuromodulin were phosphorylated with similar Km values and stoichiometries and that protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation of both proteins abolished binding to calmodulin-Sepharose. Recombinant neuromodulin was phosphorylated by using protein kinase C and [gamma-32P]ATP and digested with trypsin, and the resulting peptides were separated by HPLC. Only one 32P-labeled tryptic peptide was generated from phosphorylated neuromodulin. The sequence of this peptide was IQASFR. The serine in this peptide corresponds to position 41 of the entire protein, which is adjacent to or contained within the calmodulin binding domain of neuromodulin. A synthetic peptide, QASFRGHITRKKLKGEK, corresponding to the calmodulin binding domain with a few flanking residues, including serine-41, was also phosphorylated by protein kinase C. We conclude that serine-41 is the protein kinase C phosphorylation site of neuromodulin and that phosphorylation of this amino acid residue blocks binding of calmodulin to neuromodulin. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
An introduction to factor graphs

Graphical models such as factor graphs allow a unified approach to a number of key topics in coding and signal processing such as the iterative decoding of turbo codes, LDPC codes and similar codes, joint decoding, equalization, parameter estimation, hidden-Markov models, Kalman filtering, and recursive least squares. Graphical models can represent complex real-world systems, and such representations help to derive practical detection/estimation algorithms in a wide area of applications. Most known signal processing techniques -including gradient methods, Kalman filtering, and particle methods -can be used as components of such algorithms. Other than most of the previous literature, we have used Forney-style factor graphs, which support hierarchical modeling and are compatible with standard block diagrams.
Multivariate non-normally distributed random variables in climate research - introduction to the copula approach

Abstract. Probability distributions of multivariate random variables are generally more complex compared to their univariate counterparts which is due to a possible nonlinear dependence between the random variables. One approach to this problem is the use of copulas, which have become popular over recent years, especially in fields like econometrics, finance, risk management, or insurance. Since this newly emerging field includes various practices, a controversial discussion, and vast field of literature, it is difficult to get an overview. The aim of this paper is therefore to provide an brief overview of copulas for application in meteorology and climate research. We examine the advantages and disadvantages compared to alternative approaches like e.g. mixture models, summarize the current problem of goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests for copulas, and discuss the connection with multivariate extremes. An application to station data shows the simplicity and the capabilities as well as the limitations of this approach. Observations of daily precipitation and temperature are fitted to a bivariate model and demonstrate, that copulas are valuable complement to the commonly used methods.
Multi-Dimensional Trust Evaluation from Mining of E-Commerce Feedback Comments

Generally Electronic commerce or E-commerce applications such as EBay and Amazon use reputation reporting system for trust evaluation where they gather overall feedback ratings from the sellers to compute the reputation score for a seller. The main issue raised with the reputation conduct system is “all good reputation” problem where most of feedback ratings are positive leading to high reputation scores for all sellers. In this case it is difficult for buyers to select the best or accurate seller that he/she can buy from. So in order to overcome this issue we propose an approach called the Comm Trust which evaluates the multidimensional trust for seller by analyzing buyer’s opinions on free text feedback comments. The main idea behind reputation analyzer is an algorithm CommTrust algorithm which is a topic modeling technique proposed for mining the online feedback comments by grouping aspect expressions into dimensions and compute dimension ratings for a seller.
Optimal Power Flow Subject to Security Constraints Solved With a Particle Swarm Optimizer

This paper presents a novel approach to solve an optimal power flow problem with embedded security constraints (OPF-SC), represented by a mixture of continuous and discrete control variables, where the major aim is to minimize the total operating cost, taking into account both operating security constraints and system capacity requirements. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with reconstruction operators (PSO-RO) has been used as the optimization tool. Such operators guarantee searching the optimal solution within the feasible space, reducing the computation time and improving the quality of the solution. Results on systems from the specialized literature are adopted to validate the proposed approach.
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Development and Well-being Assessment (DAWBA)

Description. Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) was developed in the 90’s in Great Britain as a diagnostic tool to assess common diagnoses among children and young people (DSM-IV) (Goodman et al., 2000). It was translated to Norwegian by Einar Heiervang, Kjerstin Sovik, Melanie Young, Anne Karin Ullebo and Ingrid Jangard Orre. DAWBA exists in three different versions; for parents, adolescents, and teachers which may be administered online or in person. The Norwegian version includes questions related to a large number of problems and disturbances in addition to background information and the child’s resources. It takes approximately 50 minutes for the parents to answer the questions. Relevant education and training is required in order to use the DAWBA. The diagnostic system may be used for both clinical and research purposes. Literature search. The systematic search resulted in 33 articles where a total of eight fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included articles reported results from two studies. The first was “Children in Bergen” with a sample from the general population (Heiervang, et al., 2007), and the second was a clinical study based on children and young people referred to outpatient treatment (Brondbo et al., 2012). PsykTestBarn 2013, 2:5 http://www.r-bup.no/CMS/ptb.nsf/pages/dawba 3 Psychometrics. The included studies reported the prevalence of diagnoses both in a clinical sample and among children living in Bergen. One study examined the inter-rater reliability between different clinicians using the DAWBA, with a large degree of consistency for most diagnoses. Some articles provided results relevant to the validity of DAWBA, e.g., by examining DAWBA diagnoses with diagnoses determined by clinicians without using the DAWBA, or by comparing data-generated DAWBA diagnoses with diagnoses determined by clinicians using the
Evaluation of the critical load of parallel interference cancellation based on the PDA approach

Two parallel interference cancellation (PIC) schemes, based on the probabilistic data association (PDA) approach are evaluated with respect to the allowable load. The N-dimensional PDA detector achieves an acceptable load that is more than three times higher than that of the one-dimensional detector. An improvement of these PIC schemes is proposed by replacing the a priori probabilities in every stage of the cancellation process by the a posteriori probabilities of the previous stage. This results in a critical load that is twice as high as that of the original PDA detector for the one-dimensional version of the PDA-PIC detector.
ITNLP Entity Linking System at TAC 2013

This paper describes the ITNLP system participated in the Knowledge Base Population (KBP) track English Entity Linking task. Our Entity linking system is composed of three parts: candidate generation, candidate ranking and nil clustering. In the candidate generation process, the redirect pages and anchor texts in Wikipedia are utilized to generate candidate entities for the mentions. Ranking SVM is adopted to rank the candidates by a set of linguistic features. In the end, the hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to cluster those queries which return NIL in the ranking process.
CODEPENDENCY IN WOMEN: PERSONALITY DISORDER OR POPULAR DESCRIPTIVE TERM?

Title:Authors:Source:Document Type:Subject Terms:Abstract:Full Text Word Count:ISSN:Accession Number:Database:Section:Record: 1Codependency in women: Personality disorder or popular descriptiveterm? Martin, A. LynnePiazza, Nick J.Journal of Mental Health Counseling. Oct95, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p428.13p. 3 Charts.Article*CODEPENDENCY*WOMEN -- PsychologyDiscusses codependency in women. Codependency as a distinctpersonality disorder; Indication of women presenting with combinedpersonally disorder; Guidelines for examining diagnostic definition ofcodependency.46070193-18309702241001Academic Search Complete RESEARCH
1.6-2.4 GHz RF MEMS tunable 3-pole suspended combline filter

This paper presents the first suspended 3-pole RF MEMS tunable filter with a frequency coverage of 1.6-2.4 GHz. The suspended topology is chosen to result in a high-Q resonator, which is essential for a low-loss 3-pole filter. The filter results in an insertion loss of 1.34-3.03 dB over the tuning range and a 3-dB bandwidth of 201-279 MHz. This design results in a tunable Qu of 50-150 over the frequency range, which is to our knowledge, the best report at this frequency range using any planar technology.
All-Terminal Reliability Analysis of Wireless Networks of Redundant Radio Modules

Due to the low cost of easy-to-use components of open-source hardware and software, the Internet of Things may be pervading through everything everywhere. The dependability of the Internet of Things is critical because the services will be concerned with real life. However, the inexpensive hardware provides limited resources for communication. In this paper, we present exact all-terminal reliability of the wireless networks of which the number of links of each node is bounded. First, we analyze the all-terminal reliability of the regular wireless network, where any two nodes are connected by a wireless link consisting of a pair of radio modules. The reliability polynomial is derived from the Tutte polynomial that is the seminal work of the algebraic graph theory. Second, we analyze the all-terminal reliability of the wireless network including the random mesh network under the assumption that if the module fails, all radio links connected through a radio module are cut off. We consider both the fault of the communication module and the fading of the wireless channel in the indoor channel condition. For improving the reliability, we also propose a fault-tolerant method giving redundant radio modules into each node. We also analyze cost-effectiveness. We also calculate the mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) for wireless networks. We show that the random mesh network of which each node includes three or more the radio-broadcast modules is more dependable than any other regular network of which each node comprises four point-to-point modules if it is the connected graph in the static environment.
An Experimental Study of the Efficiency of Explicit Congestion Notification

Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) is an addition to the Internet Protocol and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which aims in improving the performance of TCP and other transport layer protocols. ECN is only meaningful when combined with bottleneck links that use Active Queue Management (AQM). Random Early Detection (RED) and other AQM mechanisms have been subject of criticism regarding their ability to improve the behavior of bottleneck links. This paper is an experimental study of Drop-Tail, RED and RED+ECN when operating over a constantly congested link. The paper studies the performance and the efficiency of TCP under constant congestion when using those methods and shows that ECN actually improves the efficiency of TCP without harming its performance.
Incorporating the hepatobiliary phase of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: increasing the sensitivity without compromising specificity

Background Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is centered on wash-in of contrast during the arterial phase followed by washout during the portal or delayed venous phase. Nodules showing hypointensity on the hepatobiliary phase are also likely to represent HCC, however, the role of this phase is not yet established. Purpose To investigate the role of the hepatobiliary phase on Gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in characterizing HCCs lacking the typical arterial enhancement and venous washout. Material and Methods Ninety-seven cirrhotic patients (78 men, 19 women; mean age, 58.5 years) who underwent liver transplantation (2004–2012) and Gd-BOPTA enhanced MRI within 3 months of surgery were retrospectively reviewed. A nodule-by-nodule analysis was performed, followed by liver explant correlation. Statistical analysis was then performed by a biostatistician using commercially available software. Results A total of 193 HCCs were found in 97 liver explants, of which 24.9% (48/193) were not detectable on imaging. The 145 HCCs seen on imaging showed the typical wash-in/washout pattern (Pattern A) in 46.9% (68/145), arterial enhancement without washout (Pattern B) in 37.9% (55/145), and hypovascularity on arterial and venous sequences (Pattern C) in 15.2% (22/145). Pattern A was exclusive to HCC. Twenty-three of the 55 HCCs showing Pattern B were also hypointense on the hepatobiliary phase (Pattern B1). Combining Pattern B1 with Pattern A raises the sensitivity of HCC characterization from 46.9% to 62.8% (P = 0.007), with no significant compromise on specificity. Conclusion When coupled with Pattern A, Pattern B1 augments sensitivity of HCC characterization with no significant compromise on the specificity.
Ethylene and developmental signals regulate expression of lipoxygenase genes during tomato fruit ripening

The role of ethylene in regulating the expression of three lipoxygenase (LOX) genes TomloxA, TomloxB and TomloxC during fruit ripening has been investigated. The study used a combination of low-ethylene fruit containing an ACC oxidase (ACO1) sense-suppressing transgene and tomato fruit ripening mutants deficient in ethylene perception in the case of Never-ripe (Nr) or ripening in the case of the ripening-inhibitor (rin). The results indicate that the three genes are differentially regulated during fruit ripening and that a combination of ethylene and developmental factors influence their expression. The expression of TomloxA declines during ripening and this is delayed in the ACO1 transgenic low-ethylene and Nr fruit indicating that this phenomenon is ethylene regulated. However, transcript abundance also declines during rin fruit development indicating that developmental factors also influence the expression of TomloxA. TomloxB expression increases during fruit ripening and expression is increased by ethylene as reduced accumulation is evident in transgenic and mutant fruit. The same ethylene up-regulated and ripening-related expression is shown by TomloxC, however, expression increases in rin fruit at the onset of colour change, indicating that there may also be a developmental component regulating TomloxC expression. These results indicate that individual LOX isoforms are differentially regulated and may have distinct functions during tomato fruit ripening.
Genes for Drosophila small heat shock proteins are regulated differently by ecdysterone

Genes for small heat shock proteins (hsp27 to hsp22) are activated in late third-instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster in the absence of heat stress. This regulation has been simulated in cultured Drosophila cells in which the genes are activated by the addition of ecdysterone. Sequence elements (HERE) involved in ecdysterone regulation of the hsp27 and hsp23 genes have been defined by transfection studies and have recently been identified as binding sites for ecdysterone receptor. We report here that the hsp27 and hsp23 genes are regulated differently by ecdysterone. The hsp27 gene is activated rapidly by ecdysterone, even in the absence of protein synthesis. In contrast, high-level expression of the hsp23 gene begins only after a lag of about 6 h, is dependent on the continuous presence of ecdysterone, and is sensitive to low concentrations of protein synthesis inhibitors. Transfection experiments with reporter constructs show that this difference in regulation is at the transcriptional level. Synthetic hsp27 or hsp23 HERE sequences confer hsp27- or hsp23-type ecdysterone regulation on a basal promoter. These findings indicate that the hsp27 gene is a primary, and the hsp23 gene is mainly a secondary, hormone-responsive gene. Ecdysterone receptor is implied to play a role in the regulation of both genes.
The Helicobacter pylori flaA1 and wbpB Genes Control Lipopolysaccharide and Flagellum Synthesis and Function

ABSTRACT flaA1 and wbpB are conserved genes with unknown biological function in Helicobacter pylori. Since both genes are predicted to be involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis, flagellum assembly, or protein glycosylation, they could play an important role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori. To determine their biological role, both genes were disrupted in strain NCTC 11637. Both mutants exhibited altered LPS, with loss of most O-antigen and core modification, and increased sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate compared to wild-type bacteria. These defects could be complemented in a gene-specific manner. Also, flaA1 could complement these defects in the wbpB mutant, suggesting a potential redundancy of the reductase activity encoded by both genes. Both mutants were nonmotile, although the wbpB mutant still produced flagella. The defect in the flagellum functionality of this mutant was not due to a defect in flagellin glycosylation since flagellins from wild-type strain NCTC 11637 were shown not to be glycosylated. The flaA1 mutant produced flagellins but no flagellum. Overall, the similar phenotypes observed for both mutants and the complementation of the wbpB mutant by flaA1 suggest that both genes belong to the same biosynthesis pathway. The data also suggest that flaA1 and wbpB are at the interface between several pathways that govern the expression of different virulence factors. We propose that FlaA1 and WbpB synthesize sugar derivatives dedicated to the glycosylation of proteins which are involved in LPS and flagellum production and that glycosylation regulates the activity of these proteins.
Genetic variants of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster as related to essential fatty acid metabolism

Purpose of review The delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases have long been known to be important enzymes in the endogenous formation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). Cloning of the coding sequences and chromosomal localization of the desaturase encoding genes fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 (FADS1 and FADS2) opened the way for analyses of genetic factors as regulators of desaturase activity and LC-PUFA homeostasis. The present review summarizes the recent association studies on FADS genotypes and LC-PUFA levels and suggests ideas how FADS genotypes can be integrated in future research. Recent findings An initial candidate gene study reported highly significant associations between FADS gene cluster polymorphisms and fatty acid levels in serum phospholipids with an extraordinary high genetically explained variance for arachidonic acid levels of 28.5%. Carriers of the minor alleles had enhanced levels of desaturase substrates and decreased levels of desaturase products, suggesting a decline in desaturase expression or activity because of the polymorphisms. These results were replicated in several association studies additionally showing an effect in different human tissues as well as in a recent genome-wide association study on LC-PUFA levels. Summary The validated strong association between FADS genotypes and fatty acid levels in diverse human tissues shows that FADS gene cluster polymorphisms are, in addition to nutritional regulation of fatty acid synthesis, a very important regulator of LC-PUFA synthesis.
Metapopulation dynamics and future persistence of epiphytic cyanolichens in a European boreal forest ecosystem

Summary 1. One approach to biodiversity conservation is to set aside small woodland key habitats (WKHs) in intensively managed landscapes. The aim is to support species, such as epiphytes, which often depend on old trees and are negatively affected by intensive forestry. However, it is not known whether the number of host trees within these areas can sustain species in the long term. 2. We studied metapopulation dynamics and assessed the future persistence of epiphytes assuming host tree numbers similar to those observed in large north European WKHs. The study species were seven cyanolichens confined to Populus tremula in the boreal study area. Colonizations and extinctions were recorded in 2008 on trees that had been surveyed 13 years earlier. We applied generalized (non)linear models to test the importance of environmental conditions, facilitation and spatial connectivity on the metapopulation dynamics. We also simulated the effects of tree numbers and tree fall rates on future species persistence. 3. Metapopulation dynamics were explained by tree quality, size or tree fall. In one species, colonizations increased with increasing connectivity, and in a second species it increased if other lichens sharing the photobiont with the focal species were present, suggesting facilitation. Both stochastic extinctions from standing trees and deterministic extinctions caused by tree fall should be accounted for in projecting epiphyte metapopulation dynamics. 4. One to three infrequent, sexually dispersed study species face a significant extinction risk within 50 years, especially in areas with low tree numbers. 5. Synthesis and applications. During the coming decades, infrequent, sexually dispersed, epiphytic lichens are likely to be lost from small woodland habitat set asides in intensively managed landscapes. Local extinction will be a consequence of low colonization rates and tree fall. Low colonization rates can be prevented by retaining large trees on which lichen species colonization rates are the highest and by assuring a high density of occupied trees. The negative effect of tree fall should be compensated for by assuring continuous availability of old trees. This can be achieved by decreasing the populations of large browsers, or by retaining trees with high conservation value during management operations.