Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization Method for Determination of Carbofuran and Carboxin Residues in Cabbages by SPE and HPLC-UV

A study was undertaken to develop a method for carbofuran and carboxin residues analysis in cabbages (Brassica oleracea L. cv. white headed cabbage cruciferae) by HPLC equipped with UV detector. Cabbage samples were extracted with ethyl acetate followed by solid phase extraction (SPE) with florisil sorbent for cleaning up. The SPE condition was achieved by employing 3 ml of 70% acetonitrile/water as eluting solvent. The extracts were separated by reversed phase C18 column of HPLC-UV. The mobile phase used was 25% acetonitrile/water at 0.8 ml/min of the flow rate and detection wavelength at 205 nm. Linearity of the response was obtained with linear determination coefficients higher than 0.996. The lower limit of detection (LOD) value was in the range of 0.02-0.06 μg/ml. Percent recoveries for carbofuran and carboxin were 94.7% ± 0.7 and 90.0% ± 1.2, respectively. The method was employed for analysis of these two pesticide residues in 11 cabbage samples from various types of market. Five of those have safety labels and three of them are certified, while another six have no safety label. Carbofuran residue was not detected in any cabbage samples while the carboxin was found in three samples from both with and without safety label. Its residue was in the range of 0.054 to 0.414 mg/kg fresh weight. The samples were confirmed by HPLCfluorescence and GC-MS, for carbofuran and carboxin respectively. The selected analytical methods gave agreeable result with each others. The carboxin, which was first detected by HPLC-UV in some of the extracted sample, was also found by GC-MS at the same level.
The impact of religious cognitive behavioural therapy (RCBT) on general health among Iranians

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of religious cognitive behavioural therapy (RCBT) on general health among Iranians. This study was a randomised, single-blinded clinical trial from April 2017 to October 2017. One hundred forty-four Yazd citizens were selected using a cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. The experimental groups received 10 sessions of RCBT, lasting 45 minutes once a week and the control group remained on the waiting list. The results showed that mean general health scores in the experimental groups were significantly lower than those in the control group on the post-test. RCBT had the most positive impact on somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction, depression, and mental health. Based on these findings RCBT can be considered a significant and effective practical therapy for improving both general and psychological health.
Ländliche Kreditmärkte in Transformationsländern : Marktversagen und die Rolle formaler und informeller Institutionen in Polen und der Slowakei

Die wissenschaftliche Diskussion misst den formalen und informellen Institutionen einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Funktionsfahigkeit der landlichen Finanzmarkte in Transformationslandern bei. Institutionelle Mangel werden dafur verantwortlich gemacht, dass die Transaktionskosten auf den landlichen Kreditmarkten so hoch sind, dass Banken dazu ubergehen, Kredite zu rationieren. In dieser Arbeit wird eine empirische institutionen-okonomische Analyse landlicher Kreditmarkte in Transformationslandern durchgefuhrt, die die institutionellen Hemmnisse systematisch herausarbeitet und ihren Einfluss auf den Kreditzugang und die Kreditkonditionen erforscht. Daruber hinaus wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob Reputationseffekte in sozialen Netzen als ein Screeninginstrument bei der Prufung der Bonitat der Kreditnehmer eingesetzt werden und ein Substitut fur die noch unvollkommenen formalen Institutionen bilden und ob die Kreditvergabe durch soziale Netze nach Effizienzkriterien erfolgt oder nicht. Hierzu wurden in Polen und der Slowakei Experteninterviews mit Bankenvertretern gefuhrt und einzelbetriebliche Daten auf landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben erhoben. Die zentralen Ergebnisse der empirischen Analysen sind: (i) Auf der Mikroebene haben soziale Netzwerke in beiden Landern einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Auswahl der Kreditnehmer und den Kreditzinssatz. (ii) Auf der Makroebene ergeben sich unterschiedliche Bewertungen der sozialen Netzwerke als informelle Selektionsmechanismen. Wahrend diese in Polen positiv mit okonomischer Effizienz korreliert sind, ergibt sich in der Slowakei eine negative Korrelation. (iii) Auf der Mikroebene findet man in beiden Landern eine signifikante Kreditrationierung, allerdings nur fur subventionierte Kredite, so dass auf der Makroebene nicht von einer Kreditrationierung im Sinne von Stiglitz/Weiss gesprochen werden kann. (iv) Entsprechend konnte auf der Makroebene overinvestment, d.h. eine hohere als die sozial erwunschte Investitionstatigkeit, bei gleichzeitiger Kreditrationierung auf Mikroebene festgestellt werden. Dies korrespondiert zu den theoretischen Uberlegungen von De Meza/Webb (2000).
Non-verbal communication between Registered Nurses Intellectual Disability and people with an intellectual disability: An exploratory study of the nurse’s experiences. Part 1

This is the first of two articles presenting the findings of a qualitative study which explored the experiences of Registered Nurses Intellectual Disability (RNIDs) of communicating with people with an intellectual disability who communicate non-verbally. The article reports and critically discusses the findings in the context of the policy and service delivery discourses of person-centredness, inclusion, choice and independence. Arguably, RNIDs are the profession who most frequently encounter people with an intellectual disability and communication impairment. The results suggest that the communication studied is both complicated and multifaceted. An overarching category of ‘familiarity/knowing the person’ encompasses discrete but related themes and subthemes that explain the process: the RNID knowing the service-user; the RNID/service-user relationship; and the value of experience. People with an intellectual disability, their families and disability services are facing a time of great change, and RNIDs will have a crucial role in supporting this transition.
Taxonomy based trend discovery of renewable energy technologies in desalination and power generation

Renewable energy (RE) technologies are increasingly viewed as critically important since the noticeable depletion of fossil fuel. Knowledge that facilitates forecasting the likely growth and consequences of emergent technologies is essential for well-informed technology management. Acquiring and analyzing such knowledge is hampered by the amount of data available in publications. In order to elucidate the advance of technologies, we want to address questions like: “How many scientific articles have been published in solar energy recently? ” Intelligent search techniques capable of grouping semantically similar concepts are therefore needed, such that e.g. the term ”parabolic trough” is subsumed under solar energy related technologies and hence articles about it should be included in the analysis. The novelty of this work is the deployment of a large, high quality RE-taxonomy for comprehensive trend discovery in publications and patents. We report interesting trends of renewables in two case studies: power generation and desalination techniques. While all major renewables — except geothermal-recently boomed in power generation in terms of publication volume, leading to a nearly equibalanced diversification, patents only reflect strong growth for wind and solar. Renewables in desalination, in particular reverse osmosis, are mainly solar and wind with a slight upward trend of biofuels in publications, hereas other renewables are still in experimental stage.
Endogenous proBDNF is a negative regulator of migration of cerebellar granule cells in neonatal mice

The majority of newborn neurons migrate from their birthplace to final destination in the developing brain. Migration of cerebellar granule cells (CGCs) requires multiple factors. Mature brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) positively regulates the proliferation, migration, survival and differentiation of CGCs in rodents. However, the role of the BDNF precursor, proBDNF, in neuronal development remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of proBDNF in vivo and in vitro on migration of CGCs. We demonstrate that proBDNF and its receptors p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and sortilin are highly expressed in the cerebella as determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. ProBDNF is released from cultured cerebellar neurons, and this release is increased by high potassium stimulation. ProBDNF inhibits migration of CGCs in vitro, and the neutralizing antibodies to proBDNF enhance such migration as assayed by transwell culture. In addition, proBDNF incorporated into an agarose plug reduces granule cell migration from such plugs, whereas the neutralizing antibodies attract these cells towards the plug. The application of proBDNF into the lateral ventricle significantly inhibits migration of CGCs out of the proliferative zone into the internal granular cell layer, whereas the neutralizing antibodies enhance this migration. Furthermore, the effects of proBDNF on cell migration are lost in p75NTR−/− mice. Our data suggest that proBDNF negatively regulates migration of CGCs and this effect is mediated by p75NTR. We conclude that proBDNF has an opposing role in migration of CGCs to that of mature BDNF.
A Controlled Trial of Amnioinfusion: the Prevention of Meconium Aspiration in Labour

Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of amnioinfusion on the incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome, perinatal asphyxia and obstetrical intervention rate amongst patients with moderate and thick meconium‐stained liquor. A total of 112 patients were studied in a prospective fashion; 60 received amnioinfusion and 52 served as controls. We have shown that amnioinfusion is a simple, relatively inexpensive and safe procedure. It benefits the patient in terms of reduction in the likelihood of operative intervention (specifically Caesarean section) for fetal distress and improvement in neonatal outcome with reduced frequency of neonatal acidaemia.
Using community arts events to enhance collective efficacy and community engagement to address depression in an African American community.

OBJECTIVES We used community-partnered participatory research (CPPR) to measure collective efficacy and its role as a precursor of community engagement to improve depression care in the African American community of South Los Angeles. METHODS We collected survey data from participants at arts events sponsored by a CPPR workgroup. Both exploratory (photography exhibit; n = 747) and confirmatory (spoken word presentations; n = 104) structural equation models were developed to examine how knowledge and attitudes toward depression influenced community engagement. RESULTS In all models, collective efficacy to improve depression care independently predicted community engagement in terms of addressing depression (B = 0.64-0.97; P < .001). Social stigma was not significantly associated with collective efficacy or community engagement. In confirmatory analyses, exposure to spoken word presentations and previous exposure to CPPR initiatives increased perceived collective efficacy to improve depression care (B = 0.19-0.24; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Enhancing collective efficacy to improve depression care may be a key component of increasing community engagement to address depression. CPPR events may also increase collective efficacy. Both collective efficacy and community engagement are relevant constructs in the South Los Angeles African American community.
Cognitive and personality factors in the delay of gratification of hemodialysis patients.

On the basis of Mischel's (1984) social learning analysis of the process of delay of gratification in children and in line with Bandura's (1977) self-efficacy theory, we developed a model of delay of gratification in adults and tested it on dialysis patients who were continuously required to comply with a stringent regimen of fluid-intake to keep alive. We hypothesized that patients' self-evaluations of their past compliance and their efficacy expectations would be associated with their actual delay behavior. Underlying these process-regulating cognitions would be stable competencies, such as learned resourcefulness (i.e., one's self-control skills). Fifty-three dialysis patients self-evaluated their fluid intake compliance, their efficacy expectations, and their health beliefs. Resourcefulness was assessed by Rosenbaum's Self-Control Schedule. Actual fluid-intake compliance was reliably assessed by the mean body weight increase between dialyses during the 3-month period prior to the study and during two follow-up periods. The results supported the model. On the one hand, self-efficacy expectations were related to persistence with the fluid diet and on the other hand to subjects' self-evaluation of their past adherence behavior as well as to their resourcefulness. Although the path model suggested a causal pattern, the correlational nature of the study precluded any conclusions on cause-effect relationship.
Aplicación de la táctica de mantenimiento basada en confiabilidad (Rcm) en la línea de producción de agua en bolsa 350 ml.

El mantenimiento es parte crucial del desarrollo de las maquinas con el fin de producir bienes y servicios. La principal funcion del mantenimiento es sostener la funcionalidad y el buen estado de las maquinas a traves del tiempo. En el nivel basico de la gestion del mantenimiento se realizan acciones de indole correctiva debido a que se presentan fallas imprevistas. Por lo cual surge la necesidad de adoptar acciones de prevencion o prediccion de fallas. En la Industria Nacional de Gaseosas S.A se producen diversidad de bebidas entre las cuales se maneja el agua en bolsa de 350 ml marca BRISA. Este proceso es delicado debido a la calidad que exige, la inocuidad y la gestion de mantenimiento que se le debe dar a los equipos. Se hace necesario desarrollar una metodologia de mantenimiento RCM para brindar al proceso mayor disponibilidad de las maquinas, anticipar y planificar con precision las necesidades de mantenimiento.
Novel surgical management of a laryngeal granular cell tumour

Granular cell tumour (GCT) is a rare benign tumour occurring, most commonly, in the head and neck. Multiple tumours occur in 5–16% of patients. These tumours are chemo-radio-resistant and have high recurrence rates despite their benign histopathological features. Traditional management, depending on access, involves total tumour resection with wide margins due to the high rates of recurrence with incomplete resection. We present a patient with two synchronous GCTs of their upper airway: in the larynx and the trachea. Complete excision of the supraglottic lesion would have rendered the patient's larynx incompetent. Therefore, after multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion, and following a discussion with the patient regarding the risks and benefits, a novel surgical management approach was agreed. Subtotal CO2 laser excision of the upper GCT was performed enabling functional organ preservation. A subsequent procedure was required when the patient became symptomatic due to tumour recurrence.
Some non-existence results for distance-$j$ ovoids in small generalized polygons

We give a computer-based proof for the non-existence of distance-$2$ ovoids in the dual split Cayley hexagon $\mathsf{H}(4)^D$. Furthermore, we give upper bounds on partial distance-$2$ ovoids of $\mathsf{H}(q)^D$ for $q \in \{2, 4\}$.
Aerial image based geometric refinement of building models derived from airborne lidar data

Airborne laser scanning has proven to be a strong basis for the automatic generation of 3D building models. A drawback, however, is often in the point spacing of typical datasets. As a consequence, the precision of roof plane and ridge line parameters is usually significantly better than the precision of gutter lines. To cope with problem the paper presents a novel approach for geometric refinement of building models reconstructed from ALS point clouds using single aerial imagery. The basis idea of our modeling approach it to obtain refined roof corners by direct intersection of 3D roof planes previously extracted from ALS data with viewing planes assigned with the edges detected in high resolution digital photographs. The synergy between LiDAR and optical imagery allows for obtaining building models with high vertical and plannimetric accuracy. In order to evaluate performance of our refinement algorithm, we compare the results of 3D reconstruction executed using only laser scanning data and enhanced by image information. Furthermore, quality assessment of both modeling outputs is performed based on a reference data provided by the ISPRS benchmark for 3D building reconstruction. Integration of linear cues retrieved from single imagery allows for average improvement of planar accuracy of 9 cm (RMS error for roof plane outlines). The overall quality of final building models calculated on a per-area level reaches nearly 90%.
Narang International Conflict What Does It Take to Deter ? Regional Power Nuclear Postures and

Existing nuclear deterrence scholarship evinces a pervasive ‘‘existential bias,’’ assuming that once a state merely possesses nuclear weapons, it should be able to deter armed conflict. The empirical literature expresses this bias by simply dichotomously coding a state based on whether it has nuclear weapons, thereby treating all nuclear states as equivalent. Thus, whether nuclear weapons deter conflict, and how much is required to do so, is unclear. This article shifts the unit of analysis away from nuclear weapons to postures, hypothesizing that different nuclear postures are distinct and generate differential deterrent power, particularly amongst the nonsuperpower states which comprise the lion’s share of nuclear powers. I find that an asymmetric escalation nuclear posture uniquely deters conflict initiation and escalation. Not only do small arsenals have little deterrence success, but I find that even assured retaliation postures fail to deter intense conventional conflict. This suggests that the deterrence dividend is distributed unequally across nuclear powers, and that states may need to do more than simply acquire nuclear weapons to successfully deter conventional attacks.
The association between maternal smoking and hyperemesis gravidarum: a meta-analysis

Abstract Background: The majority of studies have not found hyperemesis to be a protective and some others have not. To date, no meta-analysis has quantitatively assessed the association between smoking and risk of hyperemesis gravidarum. To help close that research gap, we performed meta-analysis of the association between smoking and risk of hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods: A literature search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from the earliest possible year to January 2016. The heterogeneity across studies was explored by Q-test and I2 statistic. The possibility of publication bias was assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The results were reported using odds ratio (OR) estimate with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model. Results: The literature search yielded 607 publications until January 2016 with 1 400 000 participants. Based on the random-effects model, compared to nonsmoker people, the estimated OR of hyperemesis gravidarum was 0.40 (95% CI: 0.24, 0.56). Conclusions: We showed based on reports in epidemiological studies that smoking before and during pregnancy is not a risk factor for hyperemesis gravidarum but also can reduce the risk of it.
Identifying cognitive state from eye metrics.

INTRODUCTION This paper describes a new approach for identifying cognitive state by using information obtained only from the eye. Data are collected from cameras mounted on a lightweight headband. A set of eye metrics captures essential eye information from the raw data of pupil size and point-of-gaze. The metrics are easily calculated every second, so that the entire set of metrics can be computed in real time. METHODS Three studies provide empirical evidence to test whether the eye metrics are sufficient to discriminate between two different cognitive states. The first study examines the states of relaxed and engaged in the context of problem solving. The second study looks at the states of focused and distracted attention in the context of driving. The third study inspects the states of alert and fatigued in the context of visual search. Two statistical models are used to classify cognitive state for all three studies: linear discriminant function analysis and non-linear neural network analysis. Data for the models are eye metrics computed at 1-, 4-, and 10-s intervals. RESULTS All discriminant function analyses are statistically significant, and classification rates are high. Neural network models have equal or better performance than discriminant function models across all three studies. DISCUSSION The seven eye metrics successfully discriminate between the states in all studies. Models from individual participants as well as the aggregate model over all participants are successful in identifying cognitive states based on task condition. Classification rates compare favorably with similar studies.
Investigation on WDM Nonlinear Impairments Arising From the Insertion of 100-Gb/s Coherent PDM-QPSK Over Legacy Optical Networks

In the perspective of smooth capacity upgrades of legacy systems, we experimentally investigate the performance of one 100-Gb/s coherent polarization-division-multiplexed quaternary-phase-shift-keying (PDM-QPSK) channel inserted in a 10-Gb/s ultra-long-haul (ULH) wavelength-division-multiplexing system relying on nonzero dispersion-shifted fibers. The impact of copropagating 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) channels operating ULH distances onto the operational power range of the inserted 100-Gb/s coherent PDM-QPSK channel is analyzed. Moreover, the performance penalties brought by copropagating 10-Gb/s NRZ channels onto 100-Gb/s PDM-QPSK data are also analyzed depending on the number of channels in the multiplex and on the introduction of guardbands between both type of channels.
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF SELF CONTROL AND NEUROTICISM PERSONALITY TENDENCY TO UNHEALTHY CREDIT CARD USAGE OF CAREER WOMEN IN SURABAYA

Everyone can experience stress especially career women. Their work problems can cause stress. Career women go shopping to reduce their stress. Then, credit card become their alternative payment method to pay. However, if the use of credit card is not properly managed, it can lead to unhealthy usage of credit card. This research will explore correlation between three variables there are self-control, neuroticism personality tendencies dan unhealthy usage of credit card. Total participants are 73 career women. Multiply correlation analysis shows self-control and neuroticism personality tendencies are related with unhealthy usage of credit card among career women in Surabaya (R=0.447 ρ=0.000); Partial correlation analysis shows (1) There is no relation between self-control and the unhealthy usage of credit card among career women in Surabaya (r=-0.266 ρ=0.024); (2) There is no relation between neuroticism personality tendencies and the unhealthy usage of credit card among career women in Surabaya (r=0.321 ρ=0.006).