Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Behavior Detection for Online Survey via Sequential Pattern Mining

With the rapid development of Internet, online survey becomes an emerging industry. It is a very challenging task to get interesting knowledge from the large-scale behavioral data of respondents. This paper firstly makes reduction of user properties and behavior data from an online survey company, and based on which we construct an online survey user model, then, an improved generalized sequential pattern (GSP) algorithm is proposed to mine frequent sequential patterns, finally, we give an in-depth user behavior analysis of online survey, which is from conventional sequential patterns of user behavior, sequential patterns based on specific behavior and time window, and user behavior prediction. The experimental results show that it is effective to analyze the sequence of user behavior thorough improved GSP algorithm. Compared with the classical GSP algorithm, user behavior prediction accuracy rate increases 19% via our proposed sequential pattern analysis approach.
Spa32 interaction with the inner‐membrane Spa40 component of the type III secretion system of Shigella flexneri is required for the control of the needle length by a molecular tape measure mechanism

The effectors of enterocyte invasion by Shigella are dependent on a type III secretion system that contains a needle whose length average does not exceed 50 nm. Previously, we reported that Spa32 is required for needle length control as well as to switch substrate specificity from MxiH to Ipa proteins secretion. To identify functional domains of Spa32, 11 truncated variants were constructed and analysed for their capacity (i) to control the needle's length; (ii) to secrete the Ipa proteins; and (iii) to invade HeLa cells. Deletion at either the N‐terminus or C‐terminus affect Spa32 function in all cases, but Spa32 variants lacking internal residues 37–94 or 130–159 retained full Spa32 function. Similarly, a Spa32 variant obtained by inserting of the YscP's ruler domain retained Spa32 function although it programmed slightly elongated needles. Using the GST pull‐down assay, we show that residues 206–246 are required for Spa32 binding to the C‐terminus of Spa40, an inner membrane protein required for Ipa proteins secretion. Our data clearly demonstrate that shortening Spa32 affects the length of the needle in a comparable manner to the spa32 mutant, indicating that the control of needle length does not require a molecular ruler mechanism.
Comparisons among the Holden Psychological Screening Inventory (HPSI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR)

Issues of reliability, item latent structure, and faking on the Holden Psychological Screening Inventory (HPSI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) were examined with a sample of 300 university undergraduates. Reliability analyses indicated that scales from all inventories had acceptable internal consistency. Confirmatory item principal component analyses supported the structures and scoring keys of the HPSI and the BIDR, but not the BSI. Although all inventories were susceptible to faking, validity indices of the HPSI and the BIDR could correctly classify over two-thirds of test respondents as either responding honestly or as faking.
Cinematherapy in Gifted Education Identity Development: Integrating the Arts through STEM-Themed Movies.

Gifted students, because of their advanced development compared to peers, have emotional needs that require differentiated education programs. Asynchronous social and emotional development of gifted students often leads to identity issues. Cinematherapy can be used to help gifted students explore their identities through analysis of the actions of gifted characters in films. This practical article suggests STEM-themed movies with characters facing challenges useful for gifted student identity development. The Autonomous Learners Model is used to classify gifted learners in the movies to assist teachers in matching movies to the needs of gifted learners. Tables of STEM-themed movies with gifted characters and a general list of discussion questions are provided. Finally, example Andy Warholinspired digital art projects related to iconic NASA space images that fit with space-themed movies are provided to allow gifted students to express the identity issues with which they wrestle and their insights about their personal character strengths.
Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Initiates Early Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells

Inflammatory mediators, many of which activate the signaling of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), have received increasing attention in the field of neurogenesis. NFκB signaling regulates neurite outgrowth and neural plasticity as well as the proliferation/apoptosis and terminal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Early neurogenesis from NSCs produces identical progeny through symmetric division and committed daughter cells through asymmetric division. Here, we show that NFκB signaling is required for NSC initial differentiation. The canonical IKKβ/IκBα/p65 pathway is activated during the initial stages of neural differentiation induced by treatment with TNFα or withdrawal of epidermal growth factor/basic fibroblast growth factor. NSC‐specific inhibition of NFκB in transgenic mice causes an accumulation of Nestin+/Sox2+/glial fibrillary acidic protein+ NSCs. Inhibition of NFκB signaling in vitro blocks differentiation and asymmetric division and maintains NSCs in an undifferentiated state. The induction of initial differentiation and asymmetry by NFκB signaling occurs through the inhibition of C/EBPβ expression. Our data reveal a novel function of NFκB signaling in early neurogenesis and provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. STEM CELLS 2012;30:510–524
Beyond Whole-Body Imaging: Advanced Imaging Techniques of PET/MRI

Abstract PET/MRI is a hybrid imaging modality that is gaining clinical interest with the first Food and Drug Administration–approved simultaneous imaging system recently added to the clinical armamentarium. Several advanced PET/MRI applications, such as high-resolution anatomic imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, motion correction, and cardiac imaging, show great potential for clinical use. The purpose of this article is to highlight several advanced PET/MRI applications through case examples and review of the current literature.
A New SPN Structure for Block Ciphers

In this paper, we consider the problem of the S- boxes and diffusion layers in SPN structures, in which the algebraic expressions of some S-boxes are always too simple and the extra memory or power consumption is required in the diffusion layers. A new SPN structure is introduced in which the algebraic complexity of the S-box is increased with a new S-box structure, the diffusion layer based on the Cauchy matrix is optimal and involutory. A numerical example is given to show the advantage of the new SPN structure and its potential application.
Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in general surgery: guidelines differ and we still need local policies.

INTRODUCTION Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis has become a major issue for surgeons both in the UK and worldwide. Several different sources of guidance on VTE prophylaxis are available but these differ in design and detail. METHODS Two similar audits were performed, one year apart, on the VTE prophylaxis prescribed for all general surgical inpatients during a single week (90 patients and 101 patients). Classification of patients into different risk groups and compliance in prescribing prophylaxis were examined using different international, national and local guidelines. RESULTS There were significant differences between the numbers of patients in high, moderate and low-risk groups according to the different guidelines. When groups were combined to indicate simply 'at risk' or 'not at risk' (in the manner of one of the guidelines), then differences were not significant. Our compliance improved from the first audit to the second. Patients at high risk received VTE prophylaxis according to guidance more consistently than those at low risk. CONCLUSIONS Differences in guidance on VTE prophylaxis can affect compliance significantly when auditing practice, depending on the choice of 'gold standard'. National guidance does not remove the need for clear and detailed local policies. Making decisions about policies for lower-risk patients can be more difficult than for those at high risk.
Co-Dependent Attention on SQuAD

In the realm of natural language processing, machine comprehension of textual documents is an incredibly important problem that presents various challenges and difficulties. A benchmark dataset for question answering named SQuAD is comprised of around a hundred thousand question-answer pairs, along with context paragraphs for each. The answer to each question is a span within the context, and it is the objective for the answering machine to predict this answer span.
A premeiotic function for boule in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

Significance The Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) family of RNA-binding proteins, consisting of Boule, Daz-like (Dazl), and DAZ, plays important roles in gametogenesis. Here we demonstrate that boule2 in the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea is necessary for the maintenance of early male germ cells, similar to the function of its vertebrate ortholog, Dazl. Our results are significant in that a premeiotic role for an invertebrate boule homolog has not been described to date. Furthermore, we functionally characterize planarian homologs of human DAZL/DAZ-associated proteins and mRNA targets. Our study alters the current understanding of DAZ family evolution and establishes S. mediterranea as a tractable model organism for the study of premeiotic functions of the DAZ family, and its binding partners and targets. Mutations in Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ), a Y chromosome gene, are an important cause of human male infertility. DAZ is found exclusively in primates, limiting functional studies of this gene to its homologs: boule, required for meiotic progression of germ cells in invertebrate model systems, and Daz-like (Dazl), required for early germ cell maintenance in vertebrates. Dazl is believed to have acquired its premeiotic role in a vertebrate ancestor following the duplication and functional divergence of the single-copy gene boule. However, multiple homologs of boule have been identified in some invertebrates, raising the possibility that some of these genes may play other roles, including a premeiotic function. Here we identify two boule paralogs in the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. Smed-boule1 is necessary for meiotic progression of male germ cells, similar to the known function of boule in invertebrates. By contrast, Smed-boule2 is required for the maintenance of early male germ cells, similar to vertebrate Dazl. To examine if Boule2 may be functionally similar to vertebrate Dazl, we identify and functionally characterize planarian homologs of human DAZL/DAZ-interacting partners and DAZ family mRNA targets. Finally, our phylogenetic analyses indicate that premeiotic functions of planarian boule2 and vertebrate Dazl evolved independently. Our study uncovers a premeiotic role for an invertebrate boule homolog and offers a tractable invertebrate model system for studying the premeiotic functions of the DAZ protein family.
Corn and sorghum grain proteins

This chapter includes sections on the extraction and classification of maize and sorghum proteins, properties of albumins, globulins, the prolamines zein and kafirin and glutelins, the distribution of proteins in grain parts, variations in protein content and quality, high-lysine grains, biosynthesis of protein, seed germination and the nutritive value of the 2 grains
Injury and illness among athletes during a multi-day elite cycling road race

Abstract Objectives: Although road bicycle races have been held for more than a century, injury and illness patterns during multi-day bicycle events have not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of injury and illness among riders and describe the medical care interventions provided to participants of cycling road races. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on the Presidential Cycling Tour of Turkey, which was held between April 26 and May 3, 2015. The race lasted 8 days and covered 1258 km of road. There were 166 elite cycling athletes representing 21 teams from various countries. Data collected pertaining to incidents involving injury or illness included the following: type of injury; anatomical location of injury; details of the medical encounter; location of the intervention; treatment provided; medication administered and disposition of the rider. An injury was defined as a physical complaint or observable damage to the body produced by the transfer of energy of the rider. An illness was defined as a physical complaint or presentation not related to injury. Results: The overall incidence (injury and illness) was 5.83 per 1000 cycling hours. (Injury incidence was 2.82 vs illness incidence of 3.01 per 1000 hours cycling). A total of 31 incidents occurred. Of these, 15 were injuries, while 16 were complaints of a non-traumatic nature. A total of 43 interventions were made in the 15 cases of injury. The most commonly injured body regions were limbs; the majority of injuries involved the skin and soft tissue. The most common medical intervention was wound care (64% of all interventions). Two riders had to withdraw from the race, and one was hospitalized due to a traumatic pneumothorax. None of the non-traumatic cases resulted in withdrawal from the race. Conclusions: A broad spectrum of illness and injury occurs during elite multi-day road races, ranging from simple skin injuries to serious injuries requiring hospital admission. Most injuries and illnesses are minor; however, medical teams must be prepared to treat life-threatening trauma.
Reactive Power Considerations in Automatic Contingency Selection

On-line steady-state security analysis requires the evaluation of the effects of a large number of possible contingencies on a power system. Almost all contingency analysis programs have had to rely on a list of selected contingencies to be studied. The brute force approach of testing all contingencies every time an evaluation of the system performance is needed, becomes prohibitive due to its computational burden. A particularly attractive technique is to utilize a fast, approximate method to select the few contingencies that actually affect the security of the power system and then analyze only these cases in more detail. The contingency ranking and selection methods presented in the literature have all ranked outage cases on the basis of transmission line overloads. This limits the usefulness of these technqiues as contingencies that cause only voltage problems are totally overlooked. This paper shows that there is little correlation between the contingencies that produce line overloads and those that result in unacceptable voltage profiles, further establishing the need for a contingency selection method that is also voltage sensitive. Such a method, using the first iteration of an AC power flow, is presented. It is shown that the method meets both the speed and accuracy requirements for on-line use.
Improving Escalation of Care: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective:This study aimed to determine whether an intervention could improve the escalation of care skills of junior surgeons. Summary Background Data:Escalation of care involves the recognition, communication, and response to patient deterioration until a satisfactory outcome has been achieved. Although failure to escalate care can lead to increased morbidity and mortality, there is no formal training in how to perform this vital process safely. Methods:This randomized controlled trial recruited postgraduate year (PGY)-1 and PGY-2 surgeons to participate in 2 scenarios involving simulated patients requiring escalation of care. A control group performed both scenarios before receiving the intervention; the intervention group received the educational intervention before their second scenario. Scenarios were video recorded and rated by 2 independent, blinded assessors using validated scales to measure patient assessment, communication, management and nontechnical skills of participants, and the number of medical errors they detected. Results:A total of 33 PGY-1 and PGY-2 surgeons, all with equivalent skill at baseline, participated. Postintervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly better patient assessment (P < 0.001), communication (P < 0.001), and nontechnical skills (P < 0.001). They also detected more medical errors (P < 0.05). Conclusions:Teaching junior surgeons a systematic approach to escalation of care improved multiple core skills required to maintain patient safety and avoid preventable harm.
Chromosome 17p13.2 transfer reverts transformation phenotypes and fas‐mediated apoptosis in breast epithelial cells

Transformation of the human breast epithelial cells (HBEC) MCF‐10F with the carcinogen benz(a)pyrene (BP) into BP1‐E cells resulted in the loss of the chromosome 17 p13.2 locus (D17S796 marker) and formation of colonies in agar‐methocel (colony efficiency (CE)), loss of ductulogenic capacity in collagen matrix, and resistance to anti‐Fas monoclonal antibody (Mab)‐induced apoptosis. For testing the role of that specific region of chromosome 17 in the expression of transformation phenotypes, we transferred chromosome 17 from mouse fibroblast donors to BP1‐E cells. Chromosome 11 was used as negative control. After G418 selection, nine clones each were randomly selected from BP1‐E‐11neo and BP1‐E‐17neo hybrids, respectively, and tested for the presence of the donor chromosomes by fluorescent in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction‐based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) analyses. Sensitivity to Fas Mab–induced apoptosis and evaluation of transformation phenotype expression were tested in MCF‐10F, BP1‐E, and nine BP1‐E‐11neo and BP1‐E‐17neo clones each. Six BP1‐E‐17neo clones exhibited a reversion of transformation phenotypes and a dose dependent sensitivity to Fas Mab‐induced apoptosis, behaving similarly to MCF‐10F cells. All BP1‐E‐11neo, and three BP1‐E‐17neo cell clones, like BP1‐E cells, retained a high CE, loss of ductulogenic capacity, and were resistant to all Fas Mab doses tested. Genomic analysis revealed that those six BP1‐E‐17neo clones that were Fas‐sensitive and reverted their transformed phenotypes had retained the 17p13.2 (D17S796 marker) region, whereas it was absent in all resistant clones, indicating that the expression of transformation phenotypes and the sensitivity of the cells to Fas‐mediated apoptosis were under the control of genes located in this region. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structural deformation of bacterial biofilms caused by short-term fluctuations in fluid shear: an in situ investigation of biofilm rheology.

The physical properties (rheology) of biofilms will determine the shape and mechanical stability of the biofilm structure and consequently affect both mass transfer and detachment processes. Biofilm viscoelasticity is also thought to increase fluid energy losses in pipelines. Yet there is very little information on the rheology of intact biofilms. This is due in part to the difficulty in using conventional testing techniques. The size and nature of biofilms makes them difficult to handle, while removal from a surface destroys the integrity of the sample. We have developed a method which allowed us to conduct simple stress-strain and creep experiments on mixed and pure culture biofilms in situ by observing the structural deformations caused by changes in hydrodynamic shear stress (tau(w)). The biofilms were grown under turbulent pipe flow (flow velocity (u) = 1 m/s, Reynolds number (Re) = 3600, tau(w) = 5. 09 N/m(2)) for between 12 and 23 days. The resulting biofilms were heterogeneous and consisted of filamentous streamers that were readily deformed by changes in tau(w). At tau(w) of 10.11 N/m(2) the streamers were flattened so that the thickness was reduced by 25%. We estimated that the shear modulus (G) of the mixed culture biofilm was 27 N/m(2) and the apparent elastic modulus (E(app)) of both biofilms was in the range of 17 to 40 N/m(2). The biofilms behaved like elastic and viscoelastic solids below the tau(w) at which they were grown but behaved like viscoelastic fluids at elevated tau(w). The implications of these results for fluid energy losses and the processes of mass transfer and detachment are discussed.
Two patients with novel BCR/ABL fusion transcripts (e8/a2 and e13/a2) resulting from translocation breakpoints within BCR exons

We have identified novel BCR‐ABL mRNA fusions by RT‐PCR in two patients with Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome positive leukaemia. Sequencing revealed in‐frame fusions consisting of part of BCR exon e8 spliced to ABL exon a2 in one patient and part of BCR exon e13 spliced to ABL exon a2 in the other. The breaks within BCR exons e8 and e13 did not conform to consensus splice sites, suggesting that the aberrant fusion mRNAs may have arisen as a result of translocation breakpoints at these sites. This was confirmed by genomic DNA bubble PCR for the second patient. These data show that BCR‐ABL translocation breakpoints can occasionally occur within coding exons.
Control of mTORC1 signaling by the Opitz syndrome protein MID1

Mutations in the MID1 gene are causally linked to X-linked Opitz BBB/G syndrome (OS), a congenital disorder that primarily affects the formation of diverse ventral midline structures. The MID1 protein has been shown to function as an E3 ligase targeting the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A-C) for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. However, the molecular pathways downstream of the MID1/PP2A axis that are dysregulated in OS and that translate dysfunctional MID1 and elevated levels of PP2A-C into the OS phenotype are poorly understood. Here, we show that perturbations in MID1/PP2A affect mTORC1 signaling. Increased PP2A levels, resulting from proteasome inhibition or depletion of MID1, lead to disruption of the mTOR/Raptor complex and down-regulated mTORC1 signaling. Congruously, cells derived from OS patients that carry MID1 mutations exhibit decreased mTORC1 formation, S6K1 phosphorylation, cell size, and cap-dependent translation, all of which is rescued by expression of wild-type MID1 or an activated mTOR allele. Our findings define mTORC1 signaling as a downstream pathway regulated by the MID1/PP2A axis, suggesting that mTORC1 plays a key role in OS pathogenesis.
A CMOS standard-process sensor

A CMOS circuit which generates a nearly constant voltage, with low sensitivity to temperature and supply voltage but strongly dependent on process variations is described. Detection of changes in the technological process is based on threshold voltage characteristics of a MOS transistor (i.e., the absolute values are significantly affected by the process but not the temperature coefficient, which remains almost constant). The output voltage of the process sensor ranges from 560 mV (fast-fast corner) to 1042 mV (slow-slow corner). The circuit is designed in 65 nm CMOS standard process and operates in the temperature range [-30, +130]°C with supply voltage from 2.2 V to 2.8 V (2.5 V nominal).