Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VCC 2062: an old Tidal Dwarf Galaxy in the Virgo Cluster?

Context. Numerical simulations predict the existence of old Tidal Dwarf Galaxies (TDGs) that would have survived several Gyr after the collision lying at their origin. Such survivors, which would by now have become independent relaxed galaxies, would be ideal laboratories, if nearby enough, to tackle a number of topical issues, including the distribution of Dark Matter in and around galaxies. However nding old dwarf galaxies with a conrmed tidal origin is an observational challenge. Aims. A dwarf galaxy in the nearby Virgo Cluster, VCC 2062, exhibits several unusual properties that are typical of a galaxy made out of recycled material. We discuss whether it may indeed be a TDG. Methods. We analysed multi-wavelength observations of VCC 2062, including a CO map acquired with the IRAM 30m dish, an optical spectrum of its HII regions, GALEX ultraviolet and archival broad-band and narrow-band optical images as well as a VLA HI datacube, originally obtained as part of the VIVA project. Results. VCC 2062 appears to be the optical, low surface brightness counterpart of a kinematically detached, rotating condensation that formed within an HI tail apparently physically linked to the disturbed galaxy NGC 4694. In contrast to its faint optical luminosity, VCC 2062 is characterised by strong CO emission and a high oxygen abundance more typical of spiral disks. Its dynamical mass however, is that of a dwarf galaxy. Conclusions. VCC 2062 was most likely formed within a pre-enriched gaseous structure expelled from a larger galaxy as a result of a tidal interaction. The natural provider for the gaseous tail is NGC 4694 or rather a former companion which subsequently has been accreted by the massive galaxy. According to that scenario, VCC 2062 has been formed by a past tidal encounter. Since its parent galaxies have most probably already totally merged, it qualies as an old Tidal Dwarf Galaxy.
Management of haemangiomas of infancy: A retrospective analysis and a treatment protocol

Haemangiomas of infancy are common benign endothelial neoplasms that affect roughly 1:10 children. Treatment is indicated in complicated cases. We have evaluated treatment in a multidisciplinary setting. The charts of all affected patients between 1985 and 2000 were reviewed. The personal details, complications, indications for treatment, and outcome, were evaluated. Treatment was started in 77 of the 282 cases reviewed. Ulceration and bleeding were the most common complications and were successfully treated when indicated in 29/39 patients (74%) with wound dressings and antibiotics. Systemic steroids were given to 18 patients, usually for block of the visual fields and respiratory impairment. A good or moderate result was obtained in 16/18 patients. Twelve patients required operation. Based on our results and those of others, we propose a protocol for treatment.
Reducing Organizational Risk through Participatory Communication

Reducing risk and averting crises are increasingly critical for organizations. This study was designed to identify strategies for workers to be mindful participants in their organization's attempts to maintain the safety and integrity of the food supply. After sequential explanatory and exploratory phases, multiple regression results indicated that sending information, influencing outcomes, receiving information, organizational openness, and foregrounding training explained a significant portion of the variance for organizational mindfulness. The findings suggest that participatory communication practices enact and sustain collective mindfulness and, thereby, reduce risk.
Biped gait generation based on parametric excitation by knee-joint actuation

Restoring mechanical energy lost by heel-strike collisions is necessary for stable gait generation. One principle to realize this is parametric excitation. Recently, Asano et al. applied this principle to a biped robot with telescopic-legs, and succeeded in generating a sustainable biped gait by computer simulation. In this paper, we deal with a model of a biped robot that has not only semicircular feet but also actuated knees. Though this robot has no actuator at the hip, knee actuators can sustain gait by parametric excitation. We first verify that an actuated knee can cause parametric excitation, and then show by computer simulation that the proposed biped robot can walk continuously with actuated knees only.
Scaling Out Continuous Multi-Way Theta-Joins

In this paper, we propose generic tuple routing schemes that allow the computation of distributed multi-way theta-joins over streaming data. We present an architecture which compiles query plans in form of logical operators into Apache Storm topologies and report on first results of evaluating TPC-H data using Amazon EC2 instances running these topologies.
Modelling the impact of incarceration and prison‐based hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment on HCV transmission among people who inject drugs in Scotland

Abstract Background and Aims People who inject drugs (PWID) experience high incarceration rates, and previous incarceration is associated with elevated hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk. In Scotland, national survey data indicate lower HCV incidence in prison than the community (4.3 versus 7.3 per 100 person‐years), but a 2.3‐fold elevated transmission risk among recently released (< 6 months) PWID. We evaluated the contribution of incarceration to HCV transmission among PWID and the impact of prison‐related prevention interventions, including scaling‐up direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) in prison. Design Dynamic mathematical modelling of incarceration and HCV transmission, using approximate Bayesian computation for model calibration. Setting Scotland, UK. Participants A simulated population of PWID. Measurements Population‐attributable fraction (PAF) of incarceration to HCV transmission among PWID. Decrease in HCV incidence and chronic prevalence due to current levels of prison opiate substitution therapy (OST; 57% coverage) and HCV treatment, as well as scaling‐up DAAs in prison and/or preventing the elevated risk associated with prison release. Findings Incarceration contributes 27.7% [PAF; 95% credible interval (CrI) –3.1 to 51.1%] of HCV transmission among PWID in Scotland. During the next 15 years, current HCV treatment rates (10.4/6.8 per 1000 incarcerated/community PWID annually), with existing prison OST, could reduce incidence and chronic prevalence among all PWID by a relative 10.7% (95% CrI = 8.4–13.3%) and 9.7% (95% CrI = 7.7–12.1%), respectively. Conversely, without prison OST, HCV incidence and chronic prevalence would decrease by 3.1% (95% CrI = –28.5 to 18.0%) and 4.7% (95% CrI = –11.3 to 14.5%). Additionally, preventing the heightened risk among recently released PWID could reduce incidence and chronic prevalence by 45.0% (95% CrI = 19.7–57.5%) and 33.3% (95% CrI = 15.6–43.6%) or scaling‐up prison HCV treatments to 80% of chronic PWID prison entrants with sufficient sentences (>16 weeks) could reduce incidence and prevalence by 45.6% (95% CrI = 38.0–51.3%) and 45.5% (95% CrI = 39.3–51.0%), respectively. Conclusions Incarceration and the elevated transmission risk following prison release can contribute significantly to hepatitis C virus transmission among people who inject drugs. Scaling‐up hepatitis C virus treatment in prison can provide important prevention benefits.
Gods or rituals? Relational faith, spiritual discontent, and religious practices as predictors of hope and optimism

The current study investigates the incremental validity of a variety of functional religiosity variables such as religious practices, organizations, and self-designations as religious or spiritual, and content variables such as spiritual attachment to one's deity, meaning-making, values/beliefs, and faith maturity to predict unique variance in measures of hope and optimism, above and beyond the variance predicted by the five-factor model of personality. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that positive and negative relational percepts with a deity, religious denomination, levels of spiritual commitment and meaning-making predicted significant incremental variance in various aspects of hope and optimism, above and beyond the variance predicted by a measure of the five-factor model of personality. Private prayer, attendance at religious services, congregational support, and identity as a religious person did not predict incremental variance in overall hope and optimism. Exploratory analyses indicated significant gender differences in the patterns of incremental criterion validity of the religiosity variables. The results are discussed in light of expectancy-value models of religiosity.
Effects of Hydrogen Gas Inhalation on Endometriosis in Rats

Objective: Oxidative stress is generated during the pathophysiology of endometriosis (EMT). Hydrogen (H2) has been demonstrated as a gas antioxidant. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of H2 on EMT in rats. Study Design: Sprague Dawley rats with surgically induced EMT were randomly received the inhalation of 67% H2–33% oxygen (O2) mixture (1 h/d, 4 weeks) immediately after the EMT surgery or 4 weeks after the operation. The mixture of 67% N2–33% O2 was also used to exclude the possible influence of the increased O2. Eight weeks after the operation, the endometrial tissues were weighted and analyzed using histology, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Several antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde were also measured in serum and tissue. The estrous cycles were monitored for H2 safety. Results: The results showed that both profiles of high-dose H2 breathing reduced the size of the endometrial explants, inhibited cell proliferation, improved superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and catalase activities, and regulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 and cyclooxygenase 2. However, inhalation of the same dose of nitrogen failed to show the protection. High-dose H2 breathing did not change the normal estrous cyclicity. Conclusion: These results suggest that 67% H2–33% O2 breathing has a beneficial effect on EMT model rats, and inhalation of a high dose of H2 could be a potential method applied in clinical practice.
Instructions for use Title Demonstration of the hepatocyte growth factor signaling pathway in the in vitro neuritogenic activity ofchondroitin sulfate from ray fish cartilage

Title Demonstration of the hepatocyte growth factor signaling pathway in the in vitro neuritogenic activity of chondroitin sulfate from ray fish cartilage Author(s) Hashiguchi, Taishi; Kobayashi, Takanari; Fongmoon, Duriya; Shetty, Ajaya Kumar; Mizumoto, Shuji; Miyamoto, Nobuyuki; Nakamura, Toshikazu; Yamada, Shuhei; Sugahara, Kazuyuki Citation Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) : General Subjects, 1810(4): 406-413 Issue Date 2011-04 Doc URL http://hdl.handle. net/2115/45301 Type article (author version)
The Impact of Positively Structured Contact on Intergroup Behavior: Does It Last under Adverse Conditions?.

Interracial interaction patterns were observed in a new school selected for study because its sixth and seventh grades came close to meeting the conditions Allport (1954) specified as conducive to improved intergroup relations. The school's eighth grade, however, did not meet these conditions since its students were divided into a predominantly white accelerated track and a predominantly black regular track. A previous study carried out during the school's first year found that, as predicted, racial clustering in the school's cafeteria decreased over the course of the year in the seventh grade, but increased in the eighth grade (Schofield and Sagar, 1977). This paper reports on the interracial behavior of the previously studied seventh-graders as they moved through the essentially segregated eighth grade. As predicted, compared to students who entered the school's eighth grade the previous year from largely segregated schools, these students interacted more across racial lines. Nevertheless, they showed decreasing interaction during their eighth-grade year, as had their counterparts the previous year.
Distinct frontal systems for response inhibition, attentional capture, and error processing

Stopping an action in response to an unexpected event requires both that the event is attended to, and that the action is inhibited. Previous neuroimaging investigations of stopping have failed to adequately separate these cognitive elements. Here we used a version of the widely used Stop Signal Task that controls for the attentional capture of stop signals. This allowed us to fractionate the contributions of frontal regions, including the right inferior frontal gyrus and medial frontal cortex, to attentional capture, response inhibition, and error processing. A ventral attentional system, including the right inferior frontal gyrus, has been shown to respond to unexpected stimuli. In line with this evidence, we reasoned that lateral frontal regions support attentional capture, whereas medial frontal regions, including the presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA), actually inhibit the ongoing action. We tested this hypothesis by contrasting the brain networks associated with the presentation of unexpected stimuli against those associated with outright stopping. Functional MRI images were obtained in 26 healthy volunteers. Successful stopping was associated with activation of the right inferior frontal gyrus, as well as the pre-SMA. However, only activation of the pre-SMA differentiated stopping from a high-level baseline that controlled for attentional capture. As expected, unsuccessful attempts at stopping activated the anterior cingulate cortex. In keeping with work in nonhuman primates these findings demonstrate that successful motor inhibition is specifically associated with pre-SMA activation.
Regional Myo-inositol Concentration in Mild Cognitive Impairment Using 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging

The goal was to assess regional patterns of metabolite abnormalities in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) patients using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging at 1.5 Tesla. Fourteen MCI, 17 AD, and 16 healthy control (HC) subjects were studied. MCI was associated with higher myo-inositol (mIn) concentration in right parietal white matter compared with HC and lower mIn levels in frontal white matter compared with AD. AD was associated with higher mIn concentration in frontal and parietal white matter compared with HC. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) concentration of white matter was similar in all groups, whereas NAA concentration of gray matter showed a trend toward lower values in the right parietal lobe in AD compared with MCI and HC. A mIn increase in white matter in absence of significant NAA reduction suggests that mIn is a more robust and sensitive marker of white matter pathology in AD and MCI than NAA. Furthermore, the dissociation between mIn and NAA alterations in white matter could provide important information regarding the role of glial and neuronal damage in MCI and AD.
Towards an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Music Recommendation in Folksonomy

Folksonomy, a system for social tagging or collaborative tagging, is popular in Semantic Web research. Folksonomy is applied to items, such as music pieces, which their personalized tags can be annotated by users. Recommendation systems can use these tags to produce meaningful information. Clustering methods, such as the Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (AHC) method, can be applied in the context of recommendation system. This paper proposes the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering (IFAHC) algorithm for recommendation using social tagging. The Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) concept is used to represent tag values which are vague and uncertain. IFAHC can cluster items represented by using IFS into different groups. The application of IFAHC to music recommendation is used to demonstrate the usability of the proposed method.
Novel effects of a transposon insertion in the Vibrio fischeri glnD gene: defects in iron uptake and symbiotic persistence in addition to nitrogen utilization

Vibrio fischeri is the sole species colonizing the light‐emitting organ of the Hawaiian squid, Euprymna scolopes. Upon entering the nascent light organ of a newly hatched juvenile squid, the bacteria undergo morphological and physiological changes that include the loss of flagellation and the induction of bioluminescence. These and other events reveal a pattern of genetic regulation that is a response to the colonization of host tissue. In this study, we isolated and characterized a glnD::mTn5Cm mutant of V. fischeri. In addition to the predicted defects in the efficiency of nitrogen utilization, this glnD mutant had an unexpected reduction in the ability to produce siderophore and grow under iron‐limiting conditions. Although the glnD mutant could colonize juvenile squid normally over the first 24 h, it was subsequently unable to persist in the light organ to the usual extent. This persistence phenotype was more severe if the mutant was pregrown under iron‐limiting conditions before inoculation, but could be ameliorated by the presence of excess iron. These results indicate that the ability to respond to iron limitation may be an important requirement in the developing symbiosis. Supplying the glnD gene in trans restored normal efficiency of nitrogen use, iron sequestration and colonization phenotypes to the glnD::mTn5Cm mutant; thus, there appears to be a genetic and/or metabolic linkage between nitrogen sensing, siderophore synthesis and symbiosis competence in V. fischeri that involves the glnD gene.
Implicit thinking about implicit theories in intimate partner violence

Abstract This paper reviews the literature pertaining to cognitive structures of intimate partner violence (IPV) offenders. Relevant theoretical propositions, attitudinal studies and clinical material are described, and implicit theories (ITs) which appear to be linked with IPV are identified and discussed. Ten potential ITs are identified: ‘violence is normal’, ‘women are dangerous’, ‘uncontrollability’, ‘need for control’, ‘women are objects’, ‘entitlement/respect’, ‘sex drive is uncontrollable’, ‘real man’, ‘grievance/revenge’, and ‘nature of harm’. The similarities across ITs of IPV offenders and those hypothesised for perpetrators of other offences are identified and discussed.
Sustainable design for multiple audiences: The usability study and iterative redesign of the Documenting the American South digital library

Purpose – To demonstrate the value in conducting a usability study and following an iterative design process to create a more user‐centered and sustainable digital library.Design/methodology/approach – After identifying three key user groups, a series of usability tests and focus groups were conducted to assess how users interact with the site's interface. An iterative design process followed involving the development and testing of prototypes by representative users and stakeholders.Findings – Users' interaction with a digital library is task‐oriented and context dependent. Serving the needs of multiple audiences is an iterative process and requires an ongoing dialog with users.Research limitations/implications – Like most usability studies, the results are not generalizable.Practical implications – It offers an example of how an informal usability study and iterative design process can be conducted to create a more user‐centered digital library.Originality/value – This paper provides new insights into t.
SLC17A7 Gene May Be the Indicator of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment Response in the Chinese Han Population

Abstract Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used drugs for major depressive disorder (MDD), although the treatment outcomes vary in different people. The vesicular glutamate transporter 1 coded by SLC17A7 gene has been reported associated with MDD. According to its role in glutamate transmission, it is reasonable to consider it as a potential pharmacogenetic candidate in SSRI treatment. A total of 290 MDD patients who had been taking SSRIs for 6 weeks were recruited. Their genotypes were assessed for the presence of 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were selected from either the HapMap Chinese ethnic group or the literature report. Treatment effects were evaluated by the change rate of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. After the adjustment for the false discovery rate, 1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs74174284, false discovery rate; P = 0.032) demonstrated significant association with SSRI treatment response at week 6. Our results suggest that genetic variants in the SLC17A7 gene may be indicators of treatment response in MDD patients treated by SSRIs.
A Cuckoo's Egg in the Malware Nest: On-the-fly Signature-less Malware Analysis, Detection, and Containment for Large Networks

Avatar is a new architecture devised to perform on-the-fly malware analysis and containment on ordinary hosts; that is, on hosts with no special setup. The idea behind Avatar is to inject the suspected malware with a specially crafted piece of software at the moment that it tries to download an executable. The special software can cooperate with a remote analysis engine to determine the main characteristics of the suspected malware, and choose an appropriate containment strategy, which may include process termination, in case the process under analysis turns out to be malicious, or let it continue otherwise. Augmented with additional detection heuristics we present in the paper, Avatar can also perform signature-less malware detection and containment.
Independent Sets from an Algebraic Perspective

In this paper, we study the basic problem of counting independent sets in a graph and, in particular, the problem of counting antichains in a finite poset, from an algebraic perspective. We show that neither independence polynomials of bipartite Cohen-Macaulay graphs nor Hilbert series of initial ideals of radical zero-dimensional complete intersections ideals, can be evaluated in polynomial time, unless #P=P. Moreover, we present a family of radical zero-dimensional complete intersection ideals J_P associated to a finite poset P, for which we describe a universal Gr\"obner basis. This implies that the bottleneck in computing the dimension of the quotient by J_P (that is, the number of zeros of J_P) using Gr\"obner methods lies in the description of the standard monomials.
Estimating area deprivation effects on mortality using evolutionary algorithm

The exact nature of the association between thecontext of the local area and local health outcomes is unknown. We investigated whether areas geographically close but divergentin terms of deprivation have greater inequality in health thanthose where deprivation is similar across neighbouring localities. In order to disaggregate the strong correlation between the deprivationof a target area and that of its surrounding areas, we usedprincipal component analysis to create the measure of deprivationinequality. Through application of Evolutionary Algorithm (EA), our study compared three models with the different combinationsof variables, e.g., DSR and IMD, DSR, IMD and ALD or DSR, IMD, ALD and PC2 to produce the evidence that neighbouringdeprivation strongly influences the health outcomes. The resultshows the strong effect of neighbouring deprivation inequalityin estimating mortality. It suggests that increased deprivationinequality is associated with increased mortality.