Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE GREAT OBSERVATORIES ALL-SKY LIRG SURVEY: COMPARISON OF ULTRAVIOLET AND FAR-INFRARED PROPERTIES

The Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) consists of a complete sample of 202 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) selected from the IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample (RBGS). The galaxies span the full range of interaction stages, from isolated galaxies to interacting pairs to late stage mergers. We present a comparison of the UV and infrared properties of 135 galaxies in GOALS observed by GALEX and Spitzer. For interacting galaxies with separations greater than the resolution of GALEX and Spitzer (∼2″–6″), we assess the UV and IR properties of each galaxy individually. The contribution of the FUV to the measured star formation rate (SFR) ranges from 0.2% to 17.9%, with a median of 2.8% and a mean of 4.0% ± 0.4%. The specific star formation rate (SSFR) of the GOALS sample is extremely high, with a median value (3.9 × 10−10 yr−1) that is comparable to the highest SSFRs seen in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey sample. We examine the position of each galaxy on the IR excess–UV slope (IRX–β) diagram as a function of galaxy properties, including IR luminosity and interaction stage. The LIRGs on average have greater IR excesses than would be expected based on their UV colors if they obeyed the same relations as starbursts with LIR < 1011 L☉ or normal late-type galaxies. The ratio of LIR to the value one would estimate from the IRX–β relation published for lower luminosity starburst galaxies ranges from 0.2 to 68, with a median value of 2.7. A minimum of 19% of the total IR luminosity in the RBGS is produced in LIRGs and ultraluminous infrared galaxies with red UV colors (β>0). Among resolved interacting systems, 32% contain one galaxy which dominates the IR emission while the companion dominates the UV emission. Only 21% of the resolved systems contain a single galaxy which dominates both wavelengths.
LTTng CLUST: A System-Wide Unified CPU and GPU Tracing Tool for OpenCL Applications

As computation schemes evolve and many new tools become available to programmers to enhance the performance of their applications, many programmers started to look towards highly parallel platforms such as Graphical Processing Unit (GPU). Offloading computations that can take advantage of the architecture of the GPU is a technique that has proven fruitful in recent years. This technology enhances the speed and responsiveness of applications. Also, as a side effect, it reduces the power requirements for those applications and therefore extends portable devices battery life and helps computing clusters to run more power efficiently. Many performance analysis tools such as LTTng, strace and SystemTap already allow Central Processing Unit (CPU) tracing and help programmers to use CPU resources more efficiently. On the GPU side, different tools such as Nvidia's Nsight, AMD's CodeXL, and third party TAU and VampirTrace allow tracing Application Programming Interface (API) calls and OpenCL kernel execution. These tools are useful but are completely separate, and none of them allow a unified CPU-GPU tracing experience. We propose an extension to the existing scalable and highly efficient LTTng tracing platform to allow unified tracing of GPU along with CPU's full tracing capabilities.
Wideband Antenna Array With Full Metal Structure and Air-Filled Microstrip Feeding Network

A wideband antenna array with full metal structure is proposed. In this paper, cavity with stepped ridges is used as the antenna element, and full corporate-feed network is adopted for wide bandwidth. Furthermore, air-filled microstrip feeding network is also employed to avoid substrate losses so that higher efficiency can be achieved. Based on the above-mentioned, a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\times4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> antenna array working in the Ku-band is designed and fabricated via conventional milling techniques. The fabrication error effects on the antenna performances are also discussed. Experimental result shows 36.5% (10.3–14.9 GHz) operating bandwidth at VSWR<2. The measured realized gain varies from 18.4 to 21.4 dBi over the band of 10.5–14.5 GHz. The total antenna efficiency is higher than 70%, considering that the aperture size of the antenna array is only 80 mm <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ \,\, \times \,\, 80$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm. In addition to that, the proposed antenna array has a low profile (height) of 18 mm.
Rapid Identification by Polymerase Chain Reaction of Staphylococcal Exfoliative Toxin Serotype A and B Genes

A new system was designed to detect staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A (ETA) and B (ETB) genes by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The primer pairs for the ETA gene (eta) were 20 and 20‐mer, and its PCR product was a 741‐bp eta fragment, while the primer pairs for the ETB gene (etb) were also 20 and 20‐mer, and its PCR product was a 629‐bp etb fragment. When these primers were simultaneously used in the PCR, the two types of ET were clearly detected as two bands in an ETA and ETB double‐producer using only one colony within 3 hr. We examined 66 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and compared the results obtained by ELISA and PCR. The same results were obtained for 56 of the strains, i.e., 30 strains were ETA producers, 20 strains were ETB producers, and 6 strains were double‐producers. However, positive results were obtained for 5 of the 10 non‐ET‐producing strains. Two of these strains were judged by PCR as ETA producers and three as ETB producers. Thus, PCR is very sensitive and rapid in detecting ETA and ETB gene fragments in colonies isolated from patients with SSSS.
Usability evaluation of ontology engineering tools

Ontologies are widely used in knowledge based applications. Since the nineties, various technologies have been developed and standards proposed which pushed the entire field forward. Today, activities surrounding the development of ontologies are called Ontology Engineering. Many tools have been developed to facilitate the development process. This paper aims on providing usability evaluation of state of the art Ontology Engineering tools. An experiment has been conducted in order to evaluate usability of state of the art Ontology Engineering tools. The paper also includes the correlation analysis between the time taken by the users to perform the task and usability of the tools.
On the dialog between experimentalist and modeler in catchment hydrology: Use of soft data for multicriteria model calibration

The dialog between experimentalist and modeler in catchment hydrology has been minimal to date. The experimentalist often has a highly detailed yet highly qualitative understanding of dominant runoff processes; thus there is often much more information content on the catchment than we use for calibration of a model. While modelers often appreciate the need for “hard data” for the model calibration process, there has been little thought given to how modelers might access this “soft” or process knowledge. We present a new method where soft data (i.e., qualitative knowledge from the experimentalist that cannot be used directly as exact numbers) are made useful through fuzzy measures of model simulation and parameter value acceptability. We developed a three‐box lumped conceptual model for the Maimai catchment in New Zealand, a particularly well‐studied process‐hydrological research catchment. The boxes represent the key hydrological reservoirs that are known to have distinct groundwater dynamics, isotopic composition, and solute chemistry. The model was calibrated against hard data (runoff and groundwater levels) as well as a number of criteria derived from the soft data (e.g., percent new water, reservoir volume, etc.). We achieved very good fits for the three‐box model when optimizing the parameter values with only runoff (Reff = 0.93). However, parameter sets obtained in this way showed in general a poor goodness of fit for other criteria such as the simulated new water contributions to peak runoff. Inclusion of soft data criteria in the model calibration process resulted in lower Reff values (around 0.84 when including all criteria) but led to better overall performance, as interpreted by the experimentalist's view of catchment runoff dynamics. The model performance with respect to soft data (like, for instance, the new water ratio) increased significantly, and parameter uncertainty was reduced by 60% on average with the introduction of the soft data multicriteria calibration. We argue that accepting lower model efficiencies for runoff is “worth it” if one can develop a more “real” model of catchment behavior. The use of soft data is an approach to formalize this exchange between experimentalist and modeler and to more fully utilize the information content from experimental catchments.
Causation sans Time

Is time necessary for causation? We argue that, given a counterfactual theory of causation, it is not. We defend this claim by considering cases of counterfactual dependence in quantum mechanics. These cases involve laws of nature that govern entanglement. These laws make possible the evaluation of causal counterfactuals between space-like separated entangled particles. There is, for the proponent of a counterfactual theory of causation, a possible world in which causation but not time exists that can be reached by "stripping out" time from the actual world, leaving (some) quantum mechanical laws intact.
The Recognition of Ethnic Groups based on Histological Skin Properties

We present an algorithm to recognize ethnic groups based on biologically justified features, such as melanin or hemoglobin concentrations. These biophysical features are extracted from skin reflectance spectra and allow, in contrast to technical features, a medical interpretation and intuitive rating of the recognition results. For this purpose, a physics-based light transport model for skin is required. We use an existing model based on Kubelka-Munk theory, which is physically accurate and computationally tractable. The evaluation of the ethnicity classification reveals that in comparison to an approach, directly based on the reflectance spectra, our proposed biophysical classification is slightly better. To reduce computation time we analyze the impact of spectral band reduction on the ethnicity classification and show that this can be achieved on the expense of only a small accuracy loss.
The motion of a living conspecific activates septal and preoptic areas in naive domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)

Predispositions to attend to animate objects are ubiquitous in newborn vertebrates, but little is known about their neural bases. In this study, we wanted to know if exposure to the motion of a living, behaving conspecific will selectively activate septal, preoptic and amygdaloid areas in visually naive domestic chicks. For this purpose, newly hatched chicks were exposed to a live conspecific, whose natural motion presents of course several features typical of animate motion to which chicks are known to be sensitive. In the control group, chicks were exposed to a rotating stuffed chick that showed rigid non‐biological motion. The two stimuli were visually matched with regard to their static features. We measured brain activity by visualizing the immediate early gene product c‐Fos with a standard immunohistochemical procedure. Notably, dorsal right septum and left preoptic area showed higher activation in experimental subjects compared to the control animals. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of septal and preoptic areas involvement in response to the animate motion of a social partner, as opposed to rigid motion of a similarly looking stimulus. Moreover, these results indicate that previous visual experience and specific learning events are not necessary to establish the septal and preoptic areas function, which is present shortly after birth.
Frequency measurement using a frequency locked loop

A phase locked loop method is proposed for fast estimation of utility grid frequency, for control and protection purposes in grid-connected power converters. Using a second order generalized integrator (SOGI) and a ‘novel’ frequency locked loop (nFLL), which makes the SOGI frequency adaptive, the proposed SOGI-nFLL detects small and large step changes in frequency with fast response and without large overshoot. In this paper, the SOGI-nFLL method is analyzed, simulated and implemented in a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Its performance is compared with the original SOGI-FLL using simulations and experimental data. The experimental results verify that the proposed method results in smoother transients for frequency detection that may be used to reliably activate over-frequency protection within a half cycle.
2 Description of the work carried out during the STSM

Summary of discussions between F. Tardella (host) and L. Liberti (guest) during an academic visit to Università di Roma “La Sapienza” funded by COST TD1207, in view of future joint works and visits. 1 Purpose of the STSM The main purpose of the visit was to establish a scientific ground for discussing research topics in combinatorial and nonlinear optimization. 2 Description of the work carried out during the STSM I gave a seminar titled “Quantile regression on large data sets — Random projections in linear programming”, which focused on applying random projection techniques to dense linear programs arising in the well known statistical problem of quantile regression. During the rest of my time in Rome, my host (Fabio Tardella) and I discussed several topics for further possible work on research ideas for combinatorial and nonlinear optimization. Some details about this discussion are summarized in the next session. 3 Description of the main results obtained The purpose being the estbalishment of a common ground for future research, I feel the goal has been achieved. We now have a potential research agenda with enough broad topics to keep us occupied in the next few years. 3.1 Worst-case performance of random projections in optimization In the framework of Johnson-Lindenstrauss type [6] random projections used in optimization [12], in particular in Linear Programming (LP) and Integer Programming (IP) [8], one has to transform the constraints of a Mathematical Program (MP) into a lower dimensional version thereof. For example, the constraints of an LP in standard form are Ax = b, where A is an m × n matrix: one has to find an
Explaining the Survival of the Swedish Welfare State: Maintaining Political Support Through Incremental Change

Despite challenges and doomsday predictions, the Nordic welfare states with high taxes and public expenditure are still with us. This paper describes strategic choices for policy makers of the welfare state and uses the case of Sweden to argue that the high tax welfare state has survived several challenges through a process of incremental change, where the welfare state is modified in order to maintain political support from voters who would otherwise favor cutbacks. This gradual adaptation leads to heterogeneous universality characterized by flexibility, freedom of choice, and financial solutions that involve both public and private funding. While such policies may increase inequality, they play a crucial role in maintaining political support for high taxes and expenditures. Compared to likely counterfactual scenarios, this gradual adaptation may be the political strategy that minimizes inequality in the long run.
SOBIR1 contributes to non-host resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in Arabidopsis

The rate of entry of Magnaporthe oryzae into Arabidopsis pen2 sobir1 plants was significantly higher than that into pen2 plants. The length of the infection hyphae in pen2 sobir1 plants was significantly longer than that in pen2 plants. These results suggest that SOBIR1 is involved in both penetration and post-penetration resistance to M. oryzae in Arabidopsis.
Tbx3, the ulnar‐mammary syndrome gene, and Tbx2 interact in mammary gland development through a p19Arf/p53‐independent pathway

The closely related T‐box genes Tbx2 and Tbx3 are both expressed in the developing mammary glands of mouse embryos and both have been implicated in mammary carcinogenesis. Tbx3 is essential for induction of the mammary placodes in mice. In humans, mutations in TBX3 are responsible for ulnar‐mammary syndrome. Here, we show a haploinsufficiency effect of Tbx3 on maintenance of the mammary placodes and on the extent of branching of the ductal tree in mice. Loss or heterozygosity for Tbx2, on the other hand, has no effect on either induction or maintenance of the placodes, although a small effect was seen on branching morphogenesis in adult heterozygotes. However, the deficiency in maintenance of the mammary placodes in Tbx2, Tbx3 double heterozygous mice is more marked than in Tbx3 single heterozygotes, indicating a genetic interaction between the two genes. In spite of a large body of evidence implicating these genes in cell cycle control through the p19Arf/p53 pathways, we find no evidence for involvement of these pathways either in embryonic lethality of homozygous mutants or in the mammary gland phenotype of Tbx3 heterozygous mice. Developmental Dynamics 234:922–933, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conserved Molecular Components for Pollen Tube Reception and Fungal Invasion

Fungal Invasion or Pollination? When pollen finds a compatible flower, it grows a pollen tube which must find the egg cell and release the sperm it carries. In searching for genes that affect pollen tubes in Arabidopsis, Kessler et al. (p. 968; see the Perspective by Govers and Angenent) found a gene previously implicated in susceptibility to powdery mildew infection (the NTA gene). The NTA gene encodes a seven-pass transmembrane protein, which, in combination with a receptor-like kinase called Fer, is needed for successful pollen tube growth; both sets of proteins are also needed for successful powdery mildew invasion. These processes hence share common mechanisms of cell invasion, but where they diverge is in the outcome: embryogenesis or pathogenesis. In Arabidopsis, development and disease use the same pollen-tube or hyphal tip-growing strategies. During sexual reproduction in flowering plants such as Arabidopsis, a tip-growing pollen tube (PT) is guided to the synergid cells of the female gametophyte, where it bursts and releases the two sperm. Here we show that PT reception and powdery mildew (PM) infection, which involves communication between a tip-growing hypha and a plant epidermal cell, share molecular components. NORTIA (NTA), a member of the MLO family originally discovered in the context of PM resistance, and FERONIA (FER), a receptor-like kinase, both control PT reception in synergids. Homozygous fer mutants also display PM resistance, revealing a new function for FER and suggesting that conserved components, such as FER and distinct MLO proteins, are involved in both PT reception and PM infection.
Production and Antiproliferative activity of Various Crude Extract from Lentinus squarrosulus mycelium

Production of extracellular and intracellular polysaccharides (EPS, IPS) from Lentinus squarrosulus mycelium was carried out through submerged fermentation. The one-factor-at-a-time method was adopted to investigate the effect of medium components (carbon, nitrogen), and environmental factor (initial pH) on dry weight of mycelium and EPS concentration. Sucrose and yeast extract gave the highest EPS concentration with 3.56 mg/mL and 1.23 mg/mL respectively when carbon and nitrogen sources were employed. Combination of ammonium chloride and yeast extract (30:70) ratio increased the mycelium dry weight up to 10.8 g/L and EPS concentration of 4.39 mg/mL. An initial pH of 7.5 showed maximum EPS concentration of 3.82 mg/mL with mycelium dry weight of 7 g/L. Crude extracts from hot water and cold water extraction of Lentinus squarrosulus mycelium (IPS HWE, IPS CWE) and water extract from supernatant (EPS WE) was proved to have antiproliferative activity against A549 lung carcinoma cell lines (ATCC) as compared to ethanol extract.
Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Novel 2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline CB2 Receptor Inverse Agonists

Aliphatic amides of 7‐methoxy‐2‐oxo‐8‐pentyloxy‐1,2‐dihydroquinoline‐3‐carboxylic acid 6 were synthesized and evaluated for their CB2 and CB1 receptor activities by a [35S]GTPS membrane‐binding assay. Compounds 7–18 produced CB2 inverse agonist activities with a variety of potencies (IC50: 1 nm–1 μm). By contrast, no considerable antagonism of CB1 receptor was observed by 1–10 μm concentrations indicating that synthesized compounds were CB2 receptor selective.
Defective herpes simplex virus type 1 vectors harboring gag, pol, and env genes can be used to rescue defective retrovirus vectors

A retroviral packaging transcription unit was constructed in which the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) gag-pol and env genes are expressed under the control of herpesvirus regulatory sequences. This transcription unit, lacking long terminal repeats, primer binding sites, and most of the retrovirus packaging signal but retaining both retroviral donor and acceptor splice sites, was cloned into a herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon plasmid, and amplicon vectors (the gag-pol-env [GPE] vectors) were generated by using a defective HSV-1 vector as helper virus. The GPE vector population was used to infect human TE671 cells (ATCC CRL 8805), harboring a lacZ provirus (TE-lac2 cells), and supernatants of infected cells were collected and filtered at different times after infection. These supernatants were found to contain infectious ecotropic lacZ retroviral particles, as shown both by reverse transcription-PCR and by their ability to transduce a beta-galactosidase activity to murine NIH 3T3 cells but not to human TE671 cells. The titer of retroviral vectors released by GPE vector-infected TE-lac2 cells increased with the dose of infectious amplicon particles. Retrovirus vector production was inhibited by superinfection with helper virus, indicating that helper virus coinfection negatively interfered with retrovirus production. Induction of retrovirus vectors by GPE vectors was neutralized by anti-HSV-1 but not by anti-MoMLV antiserum, while transduction of beta-galactosidase activity to NIH 3T3 cells by supernatants of GPE vector-infected TE-lac2 cells was neutralized by anti-MoMLV antiserum. These results demonstrate that HSV-1 GPE amplicon vectors can rescue defective lacZ retrovirus vectors and suggest that they could be used as a sort of launching ramp to fire defective retrovirus vectors from within virtually any in vitro or in vivo cell type containing defective retroviral vectors.
CD14 receptor-mediated uptake of nonopsonized Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human microglia

This study was carried out to determine the role of CD14 receptors in the uptake of nonopsonized Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human microglia. Treatment of microglial cell cultures with antibodies to CD14 or with soluble CD14 significantly blocked infection by M. tuberculosis H37Rv, suggesting that CD14 receptors could facilitate entry of nonopsonized tubercle bacilli into macrophages within the brain.
Elective mutism

Eleven children who had received a diagnosis of elective mutism upon admission to the children's psychiatric clinic, were followed up 8–18 years later. The average age upon admission was 9 1/2 years, and at the time of follow‐up, 23 years. Nine of the children came from homes with a strong familial shyness and reservation, and eight lived in social isolation. Six were particularly overprotected. Six came from discordant family constellations. All were diagnosed neurotic, eight specified as compulsion‐neurosis. All were of normal intelligence.