Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of the impact of high plug-in electric vehicle penetration on residential distribution grid using smart charging strategies

Vehicle electrification presents a great opportunity to reduce transportation greenhouse gas emissions. The greater use of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), however, puts stress on local distribution networks. This paper presents an optimal PEV charging control method integrated with utility demand response (DR) signals to mitigate the impact of PEV charging to several aspects of a grid, including load surge, distribution accumulative voltage deviation, and transformer aging. To build a realistic PEV charging load model, the results of National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) have been analyzed and a stochastic PEV charging model has been defined based on survey results. The residential distribution grid contains 120 houses and is modeled in GridLAB-D. Co-simulation is performed using Matlab and GridLAB-D to enable the optimal control algorithm in Matlab to control PEV charging loads in the residential grid modeled in GridLAB-D. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimal charging control method in mitigating the negative impacts of PEV charging on the residential grid.
Carbon Copying Onto Dirty Paper

A generalization of the problem of writing on dirty paper is considered in which one transmitter sends a common message to multiple receivers. Each receiver experiences on its link an additive interference (in addition to the additive noise), which is known noncausally to the transmitter but not to any of the receivers. Applications range from wireless multiple-antenna multicasting to robust dirty paper coding. We develop results for memoryless channels in Gaussian and binary special cases. In most cases, we observe that the availability of side information at the transmitter increases capacity relative to systems without such side information, and that the lack of side information at the receivers decreases capacity relative to systems with such side information. For the noiseless binary case, we establish the capacity when there are two receivers. When there are many receivers, we show that the transmitter side information provides a vanishingly small benefit. When the interference is large and independent across the users, we show that time sharing is optimal. For the Gaussian case, we present a coding scheme and establish its optimality in the high signal-to-interference-plus-noise limit when there are two receivers. When the interference power is large and independent across all the receivers, we show that time-sharing is again optimal. Connections to the problem of robust dirty paper coding are also discussed
Fault Injection Techniques and Tools

Fault injection is important to evaluating the dependability of computer systems. Researchers and engineers have created many novel methods to inject faults, which can be implemented in both hardware and software. The contrast between the hardware and software methods lies mainly in the fault injection points they can access, the cost and the level of perturbation. Hardware methods can inject faults into chip pins and internal components, such as combinational circuits and registers that are not software-addressable. On the other hand, software methods are convenient for directly producing changes at the software-state level. Thus, we use hardware methods to evaluate low-level error detection and masking mechanisms, and software methods to test higher level mechanisms. Software methods are less expensive, but they also incur a higher perturbation overhead because they execute software on the target system.
Draft Genome of the Arthrobacter sp. Strain Edens01

ABSTRACT We report the draft genome sequence of Arthrobacter sp. strain Edens01, isolated from a leaf surface of a Rosa hybrid plant as part of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute-funded Student Initiated Microbial Discovery (SIMD) project. The genome has a total size of 3,639,179 bp and contig N50 of 454,897 bp.
Optimization of a multielectrode array (MEA)-based approach to study the impact of Aβ on the SH-SY5Y cell line

Electrophysiology, extracellular recordings, MEA, coating, Alzheimer’s disease, Aβ, SH-SY5Y cell line, neuronal differentiation, neuronal network The human brain stores, integrates, and transmits information recurring to millions of neurons, interconnected by countless synapses. Though neurons communicate through chemical signaling, information is coded and conducted in the form of electrical signals. Neuroelectrophysiology focus on the study of this type of signaling. Both intra and extracellular approaches are used in research, but none holds as much potential in high-throughput screening and drug discovery, as extracellular recordings using multielectrode arrays (MEAs). MEAs measure neuronal activity, both in vitro and in vivo. Their key advantage is the capability to record electrical activity at multiple sites simultaneously. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is characterized by neurofibrillar tangles and aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, which lead to the loss of synapses and ultimately neuronal death. Currently, there is no cure and the drugs available can only delay its progression. In vitro MEA assays enable rapid screening of neuroprotective and neuroharming compounds. Therefore, MEA recordings are of great use in both AD basic and clinical research. The main aim of this thesis was to optimize the formation of SH-SY5Y neuronal networks on MEAs. These can be extremely useful for facilities that do not have access to primary neuronal cultures, but can also save resources and facilitate obtaining faster high-throughput results to those that do. Adhesion-mediating compounds proved to impact cell morphology, viability and exhibition of spontaneous electrical activity. Moreover, SH-SY5Y cells were successfully differentiated and demonstrated acute effects on neuronal function after Aβ addition. This effect on electrical signaling was dependent on Aβ oligomers concentration. The results here presented allow us to conclude that the SH-SY5Y cell line can be successfully differentiated in properly coated MEAs and be used for assessing acute Aβ effects on neuronal signaling.
Out of equilibrium: understanding cosmological evolution to lower-entropy states

Despite the importance of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, it is not absolute. Statistical mechanics implies that, given sufficient time, systems near equilibrium will spontaneously fluctuate into lower-entropy states, locally reversing the thermodynamic arrow of time. We study the time development of such fluctuations, especially the very large fluctuations relevant to cosmology. Under fairly general assumptions, the most likely history of a fluctuation out of equilibrium is simply the CPT conjugate of the most likely way a system relaxes back to equilibrium. We use this idea to elucidate the spacetime structure of various fluctuations in (stable and metastable) de Sitter space and thermal anti-de Sitter space.
Evaluation of GA Template-matching Method by Simulation Using Chest Helical X-ray CT Images

Department of Information Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University Yanagido 1-1, Gifu-shi 501-1193, Japan (Received June 3, 2000, in final form, July 13, 2000) Abstract : Template matching based on genetic algorithm (GATM) we previously developed is a method to detect object(s) existing in a large searching area effectively. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the GATM method by two simulation studies. The first simulalion study was performed to investigate potential effectiveness of the GATM for search and detection of only a detection object put in the observed images. As a result of the first simulation, all objects were correctly detected by the GATM method with about only 10% of searching iterations required by conventional TM. In the second simulation study, by assuming that the GATM was used to detect nodules in chest helical CT images, the GATM was performed to detect multiple objects in an observed image. The performances of the GATM without sharing method, GATM with sharing method and conventional TM were compared. The result showed that the performance of the GATM with sharing was comparable to that of conventional TM, and was better than that of the GATM without sharing. Furthermore, we discussed about the characteristic of our GATM method. From the results of the two simulations, we concluded that the GATM method was effective to detect lung nodules in helical X -ray CT images
Dynamin Inhibitors Impair Endocytosis and Mitogenic Signaling of PDGF

Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) isoforms regulate cell proliferation, migration and differentiation both in embryonic development and adult tissue remodeling. At the cellular level, growth‐factor signaling is often modulated by endocytosis. Despite important functions of PDGF, its endocytosis remains poorly studied, mainly for lack of tools to track internalized ligand by microscopy. Here, we developed such a tool and quantitatively analyzed internalization and endosomal trafficking of PDGF‐BB in human fibroblasts. We further show that PDGF can be internalized in the presence of dynamin inhibitors, arguing that both dynamin‐dependent and dynamin‐independent pathways can mediate PDGF uptake. Although these routes operate with somewhat different kinetics, they both ultimately lead to lysosomal degradation of PDGF. Although acute inhibition of dynamin activity only moderately affects PDGF endocytosis, it specifically decreases downstream signaling of PDGF via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). This correlates with reduced expression of MYC and impaired cell entry into S‐phase, indicating that dynamin activity is required for PDGF‐induced mitogenesis. Our data support a general view that the components governing endocytic trafficking may selectively regulate certain signaling effectors activated by a growth factor.
User Behaviors Lend a Helping Hand: Learning Paraphrase Query Patterns from Search Log Sessions

Search log sessions contain a large number of paraphrases contributed by users during query rewriting. However, it is a big challenge to distinguish paraphrases from the simply related queries in the sessions. This paper addresses this problem by making innovative use of user behavior information embodied in query sessions. Specifically, we learn paraphrase patterns from the search log sessions with a classification framework, in which three types of user behavior features are exploited besides the conventional features. We evaluate the method using a query log of a commercial search engine. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, especially the significant contribution of the user behavior features. We extract over 250,000 pairs of paraphrase patterns from the used search log, with a precision over 76%. TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ANOTHER LANGUAGE (CHINESE)
Fabrication and simulation of silver nanostructures on different types of porous silicon for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

In this paper, we propose a systematic approach to controllably fabricate silver nanoparticles, dendrites and nanovoids on porous template based on silicon and two-step wet process. Geometry of metallic structures was managed by variation of dopant type of silicon, regimes of template formation and deposition of silver. General models of each structure were developed and studied for distribution and strength of electric field arising in them under 473, 633 and 785 nm lasers. Simulation results revealed reasons of variable activity of fabricated structures in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, which allowed to define optimal conditions of analysis of target molecules.
On the asymptotic integration of a class of sublinear fractional differential equations

We estimate the growth in time of the solutions to a class of nonlinear fractional differential equations $D_{0+}^{\alpha}(x-x_0) =f(t,x)$ which includes $D_{0+}^{\alpha}(x-x_0) =H(t)x^{\lambda}$ with $\lambda\in(0,1)$ for the case of slowly-decaying coefficients $H$. The proof is based on the triple interpolation inequality on the real line and the growth estimate reads as $x(t)=o(t^{a\alpha})$ when $t\to+\infty$ for $1>\alpha>1-a>\lambda>0$. Our result can be thought of as a non--integer counterpart of the classical Bihari asymptotic integration result for nonlinear ordinary differential equations. By a carefully designed example we show that in some circumstances such an estimate is optimal.
Ketamine/propofol admixture (ketofol) is associated with improved hemodynamics as an induction agent: A randomized, controlled trial

BACKGROUND Critically ill patients may require emergent intubations, and the use of some induction agents can lead to undesirable effects on hemodynamics. The use of “ketofol” (ketamine/propofol admixture) may allow for improved hemodynamic control. The primary aim of this study was to assess the hemodynamic effects of “ketofol” in a fixed-dose combination during induction of general anesthesia in a controlled environment. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial conducted at the Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center. American Society of Anesthesiology physical status I and II patients undergoing general anesthesia were randomly assigned to standardized induction with propofol alone or with “ketofol. ” Baseline noninvasive hemodynamic measurements were obtained and continuously monitored throughout the study period. Our hypothesis assumed that “ketofol” as an induction alternative would produce stable hemodynamics as referenced from baseline compared with propofol alone. The primary outcome was a systematic randomized assessment of changes in systolic blood pressure from baseline measurements for 30 minutes after induction. The primary comparisons were the frequency of a 20% change in systolic blood pressure at 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 30 minutes after induction. RESULTS Baseline patient demographics and intraoperative characteristics were equivalent in both groups. Propofol was more likely to generate a 20% reduction in systolic blood pressure from baseline at 5 minutes (48.8% vs. 12%, odds ratio: 6.87, 95% confidence interval: 2.07–26.15, p = < 0.001) and 10 minutes (67.4% vs. 39%, odds ratio: 3.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.21–8.75, p = < 0.01) as compared with “ketofol. ” This difference remained significant after adjustment for potentially confounding variables. CONCLUSION “Ketofol” is associated with improved hemodynamic stability during the first 10 minutes after induction. Further study is needed to assess the efficacy of “ketofol” in critically ill patients and those with significant comorbidities. This combination has the potential to be used as an alternative agent for emergency induction during which time stable hemodynamics are desirable. (J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012;73: 94–101. Copyright © 2012 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic study, level I.
CRISPR-Cas9: a promising tool for gene editing on induced pluripotent stem cells

Recent advances in genome editing with programmable nucleases have opened up new avenues for multiple applications, from basic research to clinical therapy. The ease of use of the technology—and particularly clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)—will allow us to improve our understanding of genomic variation in disease processes via cellular and animal models. Here, we highlight the progress made in correcting gene mutations in monogenic hereditary disorders and discuss various CRISPR-associated applications, such as cancer research, synthetic biology, and gene therapy using induced pluripotent stem cells. The challenges, ethical issues, and future prospects of CRISPR-based systems for human research are also discussed.
STAR FORMATION IN MASSIVE CLUSTERS VIA THE WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE AND THE SPITZER GLIMPSE SURVEY

We use the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) maximum entropy method foreground emission map combined with previously determined distances to giant H ii regions to measure the free–free flux at Earth and the free–free luminosity of the Galaxy. We find a total flux fν = 54, 211 Jy and a flux from 88 sources of fν = 36, 043 Jy. The bulk of the sources are at least marginally resolved, with mean radii ∼60 pc, electron density ne ∼ 9 cm−3, and filling factor (over the Galactic gas disk). The total dust-corrected ionizing photon luminosity is Q = 3.2 × 1053 ± 5.1 × 1052 photons s−1, in good agreement with previous estimates. We use GLIMPSE and Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) 8 μm images to show that the bulk of the free–free luminosity is associated with bubbles having radii r ∼ 5–100 pc, with a mean of ∼20 pc. These bubbles are leaky, so that ionizing photons emitted inside the bubble escape and excite free–free emission beyond the bubble walls, producing WMAP sources that are larger than the 8 μm bubbles. We suggest that the WMAP sources are the counterparts of the extended low density H ii regions described by Mezger. The 18 most luminous WMAP sources emit half the total Galactic ionizing flux. These 18 sources have 4 × 1051 s−1 ≲ Q ≲ 1.6 × 1052 s−1, corresponding to 6 × 104 M☉ ≲ M* ≲ 2 × 105 M☉; half to two thirds of this will be in the central massive star cluster. We convert the measurement of Q to a Galactic star formation rate (SFR) , where the errors reflect only the error in free–free luminosity. We point out, however, that our inferred is highly dependent on the exponent Γ ≈ 1.35 of the high-mass end of the stellar initial mass function. For 1.21 < Γ < 1.5, we find . We also determine a SFR of 0.14 M☉ yr−1 for the Large Magellanic Cloud and 0.015 M☉ yr−1 for the Small Magellanic Cloud.
Sieve empirical likelihood ratio tests for nonparametric functions

Generalized likelihood ratio statistics have been proposed in Fan, Zhang and Zhang [Ann. Statist. 29 (2001) 153-193] as a generally applicable method for testing norparametic hypotheses about nonparametric functions. The likelihood ratio statistics are constructed based on the assumption that the distributions of stochastic errors are in a certain parametric family. We extend their work to the case where the error distribution is completely unspecified via newly proposed sieve empirical likelihood ratio (SELR) tests. The approach is also applied to test conditional estimating equations on the distributions of stochastic errors. It is shown that the proposed SELR statistics follow asymptotically resealed chi(2)-distributions, with the scale constants and the degrees of freedom being independent of the nuisance parameters. This demonstrates that the Wilks phenomenon observed in Fan, Zhang and Zhang [Ann. Statist. 29 (2001) 153-193] continues to hold under more relaxed models and a larger class of techniques. The asymptotic power of the proposed test is also derived, which achieves the optimal rate for nonparametric hypothesis testing. The proposed approach has two advantages over the generalized likelihood ratio method: it requires one only to specify some conditional estimating equations rather than the entire distribution of the stochastic error, and the procedure adapts automatically to the unknown error distribution including heteroscedasticity. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate our proposed procedure empirically.
Mining Associative Classification without CandidateRules

138  Abstract—Associative classification is a combination of association rule mining and classification for prediction. For mining associative classification, traditional algorithms generate the complete set of association rules, and then use a minimum confidence threshold to select interesting rules for classification. If the number of association rules is very large, it is time consuming to select only the interesting rules. In this paper, a new algorithm, called TOPAC (Top Associative Classification), is proposed to solve the problem. The TOPAC algorithm directly produces the interesting rules without the generation of candidate rules. Moreover, it discovers the interesting rules based on frequent closed itemsets to reduce the redundancy rules.
Two-to-one color-response mapping and the presence of semantic conflict in the Stroop task

A series of recent studies have utilized the two-to-one mapping paradigm in the Stroop task. In this paradigm, the word red might be presented in blue when both red and blue share the same-response key (same-response trials). This manipulation has been used to show the separate contributions of (within) semantic category conflict and response conflict to Stroop interference. Such results evidencing semantic category conflict are incompatible with models of the Stroop task that are based on response conflict only. However, the nature of same-response trials is unclear since they are also likely to involve response facilitation given that both dimensions of the stimulus provide evidence toward the same-response. In this study we explored this possibility by comparing them with three other trial types. We report strong (Bayesian) evidence for no statistical difference between same-response and non-color word neutral trials, faster responses to same-response trials than to non-response set incongruent trials, and no differences between same-response vs. congruent trials when contingency is controlled. Our results suggest that same-response trials are not different from neutral trials indicating that they cannot be used reliably to determine the presence or absence of semantic category conflict. In light of these results, the interpretation of a series of recent studies might have to be reassessed.
Automatic design pattern detection

We detect design patterns in legacy code combining static and dynamic analyses. The analyses do not depend on coding or naming conventions. We classify potential pattern instances according to the evidence our analyses provide. We discuss our approach for the observer, composite, mediator, chain of responsibility and visitor patterns. Our Java analysis tool analyzes Java programs. We evaluate our approach by applying the tool on itself and on the Java SwingSetExample using the Swing library.
Simultaneous Place and Route for Wire-Constrained FPGAs

Simulated annealing placement algorithms which use minimumwire length metrics based on rectilinear approximations fail to accurately account for an FPGA's routing resources since the number of logic block interconnections could be limited, causing certain placements to rely on resources which may not exist. In this paper we present a simulated annealing-based placement algorithm which performs a simple but e ective route after each swap. We will show that, on wire-constrained FPGAs, our algorithm is a better evaluator for a given placement than the faster wire length metrics. In particular, on the Triptych 3-input RLB 4 16 array the algorithm achieves nal delays ranging from 3.5% to 21.5% faster than delays yielded by a cost function tailored for the architecture. In addition, the algorithm demonstrates its adaptability by producing even better results on the most recent variant of the Triptych architecture. Finally, we will show that our method can be implemented without an unreasonable increase in execution time.
Dynamic and Heat Effects in Sinusoidal Surface DBD

Numerical simulation of sinusoidal Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge (SDBD) is carried out. The configuration and parameters of the discharge are those considered experimentally in paper [1]. In this paper, dielectric disc was surrounded by high-voltage metallic electrode. 34 kHz 5.5 kV applied to HV electrode at atmospheric pressure. The objective of the current paper is to study mechanisms inducing flow motion over the disc. Numerical simulations are made with the two-dimensional model developed earlier in paper [2]. The model incorporates the transport of charged particles, Poisson equation for the electric field strength, and Navier-Stokes equations for the fluid. In addition to the bulk processes (mainly, ionization, recombination, drift and diffusion) the deposition of the charge on the dielectric surface is considered.