Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Multiple Object Tracking and Object Detection using YOLO v7 and FairMOT Algorithm

This research presents a comprehensive approach to real-time motion tracking and object detection through the seamless integration of the YOLO v7 architecture with the FairMOT algorithm. The objective of this study is to provide a pragmatic solution that not only advances the state-of-the-art in these techniques but also facilitates their practical deployment across diverse domains, including surveillance, robotics, and autonomous systems. The YOLO v7 model is renowned for its rapid and precise object localization and classification capabilities, making it an ideal foundation for object detection. In conjunction with the FairMOT algorithm, which excels in real-time multiple object tracking, this integration forms a robust framework for delivering a holistic real-time solution. Rigorous evaluations, conducted against benchmark datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, highlighting its ability to adeptly track multiple objects, even in intricate scenarios characterized by occlusions and dynamic motion variations. The collaborative synergy between the FairMOT algorithm and YOLO v7 architecture significantly enhances tracking accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency. Our integration endeavors to address real-world challenges and offer a tool that simplifies complex tasks across various applications. This research not only pushes the boundaries of real-time motion tracking and object detection but also extends the horizons of practical utility.
Identifying differences between CAD and physical mock-ups using AR

Since the last ten years product development in automotive industry is changing radically. Most physical mock-ups have vanished and are now replaced by digital ones. But they are still needed for final evaluations or issues, which cannot be adequately simulated. During their production, deviations from the CAD model may be made. Since digital and real mock-up must match for the further product development, the transfer of differences between physical and digital mock-up to the CAD format is a crucial issue. In this paper an augmented reality (AR) based tool-chain is presented, which allows matching the CAD data with real mock-ups and documents the differences between them. Essential functions like measurement and online construction are provided, allowing the end-users to create information in AR space and feeding them back into the CAD model.
Wavelet image coding using rate-distortion optimized backward adaptive classification

We introduce a new image compression framework that combines compression efficiency with speed, and is based on an independent infinite mixture model which accurately captures the space-frequency characterization of the wavelet image representation. Specifically, we model individual image wavelet coefficients as being drawn from an independent generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD) field of zero mean and unknown spatially-varying variances. Based on this model, we develop a powerful estimation-quantization (EQ) framework that consists of: (i) first finding the maximum- likelihood estimate of the individual spatially-varying coefficient field variances based on causal and quantized spatial neighborhood contexts; and (ii) then applying an off-line rate-distortion (R-D) optimized quantization/entropy coding strategy, implemented as a fast lookup table, that is optimally matched to the derived variance estimates. A distinctive feature of our framework is the dynamic partitioning of wavelet data into subsets representing coefficients that are 'predictable' and 'unpredictable' respectively from their quantized causal contexts. The statistical parameters of the 'unpredictable' set in each subband, obtained through a fast, R-D based, simple thresholding first-pass operation, represent the negligible parametric side-information for use in the forward adaptation mode. The combination of the powerful infinite mixture model, the dynamic switching between forward and backward adaptation modes, and the theoretical soundness and speed of the EQ framework lead to a novel, high-performing, and fast image coder that is extremely competitive with the best published coders in the literature across all classes of images and target bit rates of interest, in both compression efficiency and processing speed. For example, our coder exceeds the objective performance of the best zerotree-based wavelet coder at all bit rates for all tested images at a fraction of its complexity. At mow to medium bit rates our preliminary results appear to exceed all reported results in the wavelet image coding literature to the best of our knowledge.
Foreword Deuterium Trapping and Release in Carbon Materials Introduction and Summary Deuterium Depth Profiles in Tungsten Materials Irradiated with Low Energy D Ions

Current designs for nuclear fusion reactors call for the use of hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium as the fuel for the energy producing fusion reactions. Deuterium is plentiful in nature, but tritium undergoes radioactive decay with a half-life of 12 yrs and does not occur naturally. The use of tritium must be carefully controlled due to its cost and radioactivity and there will be strict limits on the tritium inventory in fusion experiments or in a reactor. These concerns led the IAEA Nuclear Data Section to organize a coordinated research project (CRP) on " Tritium Inventory in Fusion Reactors ". During the years 2002–2006 this CRP brought together specialists in fusion materials and plasma-material interaction for exchange of information and coordination of research activities on interaction of tritium with plasma-facing materials. This volume of Atomic and Plasma-Material Interaction Data for Fusion is an output of that CRP. The focal point of the present international fusion energy research programme is the ITER proof-of-principle experimental reactor now under construction at Cadarache, France, in collaboration among China, the EU, India, Japan, Korea, Russia and the USA. Small amounts of tritium have in the past been introduced into fusion plasma experiments, notably in the Joint European Torus (JET) and in the Princeton TFTR tokamak, but ITER is the first experiment for which it will be necessary to deal with tritium inventory issues on a scale approaching that of a fusion reactor. The research needs for the final design and the safe operation of ITER were therefore foremost in the mind of the CRP participants, and all contributions to this volume are concerned in one way or another with the choice of plasma-facing materials in ITER, with measurements of tritium inventory, or with means to remove tritium from materials. The IAEA wishes to thank the authors for their contribution to the CRP and for their effort in the preparation of this volume. The IAEA officer responsible for the management of this CRP was R. Review of erosion/deposition and retention of hydrogen isotopes (H, D, T) at divertor area of JT-60U This volume of Atomic and Plasma-Material Interaction Data for Fusion contains contributions from participants in the IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) " Tritium Inventory in Fusion Reactors " (2002-2006). Tritium, like other isotopes of hydrogen, may be absorbed and trapped in materials, for example the vessel wall within which the fusion plasma is confined. The …
Becoming ‘culturpreneur’: How the ‘neoliberal regime of truth’ affects and redefines artistic subject positions

In relating to the politico-economic concept of ‘creative industries’, the paper explores in what way the art field and its actors are discursively repositioned within ‘flexible cultural capitalism’. Through empirical material from the independent Austrian theatre scene, the paper, moreover, illustrates how the ‘culturpreneurial’ transformation of the field affects the specific artistic practices, forms of organizing and conduct. In this regard, it will be shown that the artists’ modes of conduct are, at least to some extent, precarious: due to their ascetic and disciplined self-concept, artists seem to contribute, in parts, to their own marginalization as well as to the strengthening of certain ‘neoliberal orders’ and ‘culturpreneurial subject ideals’ of flexible capitalism – even though they are actually keen to resist current governmental technologies like the promotion of competition and market-determined assessment.
Human Cardiac-Derived Adherent Proliferating Cells Reduce Murine Acute Coxsackievirus B3-Induced Myocarditis

Background Under conventional heart failure therapy, inflammatory cardiomyopathy typically has a progressive course, indicating a need for alternative therapeutic strategies to improve long-term outcomes. We recently isolated and identified novel cardiac-derived cells from human cardiac biopsies: cardiac-derived adherent proliferating cells (CAPs). They have similarities with mesenchymal stromal cells, which are known for their anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties. We explored whether CAPs application could be a novel strategy to improve acute Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis. Methodology/Principal Findings To evaluate the safety of our approach, we first analyzed the expression of the coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and the co-receptor CD55 on CAPs, which are both required for effective CVB3 infectivity. We could demonstrate that CAPs only minimally express both receptors, which translates to minimal CVB3 copy numbers, and without viral particle release after CVB3 infection. Co-culture of CAPs with CVB3-infected HL-1 cardiomyocytes resulted in a reduction of CVB3-induced HL-1 apoptosis and viral progeny release. In addition, CAPs reduced CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferation. All CAPs-mediated protective effects were nitric oxide- and interleukin-10-dependent and required interferon-γ. In an acute murine model of CVB3-induced myocarditis, application of CAPs led to a decrease of cardiac apoptosis, cardiac CVB3 viral load and improved left ventricular contractility parameters. This was associated with a decline in cardiac mononuclear cell activity, an increase in T regulatory cells and T cell apoptosis, and an increase in left ventricular interleukin-10 and interferon-γ mRNA expression. Conclusions We conclude that CAPs are a unique type of cardiac-derived cells and promising tools to improve acute CVB3-induced myocarditis.
MATERNAL EFFECTS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR EVOLUTION IN A NATURAL POPULATION OF ANIMALS

Abstract Maternal effects are widespread and can have dramatic influences on evolutionary dynamics, but their genetic basis has been measured rarely in natural populations. We used cross-fostering techniques and a long-term study of a natural population of red squirrels, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, to estimate both direct (heritability) and indirect (maternal) influences on the potential for evolution. Juvenile growth in both body mass and size had significant amounts of genetic variation (mass h2 = 0.10; size h2 = 0.33), but experienced large, heritable maternal effects. Growth in body mass also had a large positive covariance between direct and maternal genetic effects. The consideration of these indirect genetic effects revealed a greater than three-fold increase in the potential for evolution of growth in body mass (ht2 = 0.36) relative to that predicted by heritability alone. Simple heritabilities, therefore, may severely underestimate or overestimate the potential for evolution in natural populations of animals. Corresponding Editor: T. Mousseau
Controlled Release : A New Paradigm with Polyvinyl Acetate Polymer Introduction

Controlled release (CR) has been a subject of continued interest, and the pharma industry is taking a closer look into release profi les of drugs because of risk factors associated with early release (dose dumping) before being delivered to intended sites to achieve the desired effi cacy, and to overcome toxicity and drug abuse issues. The latter has become more challenging, especially, in controlled delivery of opioids in pain management.1-2 Nonetheless, the former one is also poorly understood because of complexity associated with the mechanism of controlled release from a particular dosage.3
Efficient Haar+ Synopsis Construction for the Maximum Absolute Error Measure

Several wavelet synopsis construction algorithms were previously proposed based on dynamic programming for unrestricted Haar wavelet synopses as well as Haar+ synopses. However, they find an optimal synopsis for every incoming value in each node of a coefficient tree, even if different incoming values share an identical optimal synopsis. To alleviate the limitation, we present novel algorithms, which keep only a minimal set of the distinct optimal synopses in each node of the tree, for the error-bounded synopsis problem. Furthermore, we propose the methods to restrict coefficient values to be considered to compute the optimal synopses in each node. In addition, by partitioning all optimal synopses in each node into a set of groups, such that every group can be represented by a compact representation, we significantly improve the performance of the proposed algorithms.
Knowledge Base Population Systems

New York University (NYU) participated in three tracks of the 2014 TAC-KBP evaluation: English Slot Filling, Cold Start and Entity Discovery and Linking. While this year is the first time and second time we participated in entity discovery and linking (EDL) and cold start respectively, we have been working on the slot filling task for several years. With additional development time this year, our cold start system has borrowed more technologies from slot filling and gained significant improvement. In both slot filling and cold start systems, we find that besides incorporating new modules to expand the coverage, the systems greatly benefit from our effort to renovate some of the basic modules. Regarding entity discovery and linking, we develop a pipelined system with several components in which we introduce a variation of the PageRank algorithm to improve collaborative candidate ranking. 1 Slot Filling and Cold Start: Overview The NYU KBP slot filling and cold start systems for 2014 inherit the structure of our systems from the last several years (Sun et al., 2011; Min et al., 2012; Grishman, 2013). We improved several of our basic components: the name tagger, the relation extraction components based on hand-coded patterns, and distant supervision. These are the common components for both the slot filling and cold start systems. Note that the distant supervision module is new to the cold start system; because of time constraints, we only used patternbased relation extraction modules in the system last year. We introduce new inference modules to both cold start and slot filling systems this year. Although the inference components differ, they share the same background of manual rules. In addition, for slot filling only, we added one more distant supervision module employing the new guided multi-instance multi-label distant supervision framework we have developed recently (Pershina et al., 2014). Finally, a named entity disambiguation module is adopted to handle ambiguous names. An overview of our slot filling and cold start systems can be found in figures 1 and 2.
Enhancing Online Teaching Effectiveness Through Hand-Raising Detection

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching has gradually emerged as an indispensable component of education. Despite its convenience, online education lacks the immediate interactive experience inherent in traditional classrooms. This paper presents a meticulously designed DS-YOLOv8 network model, specifically tailored for real-time recognition of students raising their hands under cameras. On our proprietary dataset, this network model exhibits exceptional accuracy in hand-raising detection, showcasing a 1.3% improvement in the AP50 index compared to the baseline YOLOv8 model. Our focus lies on the application of hand-raising detection within online classrooms with an objective to provide enhanced support for teachers by promptly identifying students raising their hands and thereby improving teaching efficiency while enriching the interactive experience of students in virtual learning environments.
HAEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN REPEAT BREEDING CROSS-BRED COWS

A total of 18 lactating multiparous cows (4-6 years aged) were selected from the out patients at the Addl. Block Animal Health Center, Matiali Block, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India and divided into three group, i.e normally cyclic (C), repeat breeder (RB) and post partum anoestrous (A). Blood samples were collected from all these cows for haematological and biochemical parameters. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and total leukocyte count (TEC) count were higher (P<0.05) in repeat breeder and anoestrous cows compared to cyclic ones; however the Hb and PCV values were low (P<0.05). Serum glucose and protein levels were low (P<0.05) repeat breeding cows than the normally cyclic cows. The results indicate that there may not be any specific haemato-biochemical marker for common reproductive disorders in cows.
Young women’s genital self-image and effects of exposure to pictures of natural vulvas

Abstract Introduction: Many women have doubts about the normality of the physical appearance of their vulvas. This study measured genital self-image in a convenience sample of college-educated women, and assessed whether exposure to pictures of natural vulvas influenced their genital self-image. Method: Forty-three women were either shown pictures of natural vulvas (N = 29) or pictures of neutral objects (N = 14). Genital self-image was measured before and after exposure to the pictures and two weeks later. Sexual function, sexual distress, self-esteem and trait anxiety were measured to investigate whether these factors influenced genital self-image scores after vulva picture exposure. Results: A majority of the participants felt generally positively about their genitals. Having been exposed to pictures of natural vulvas resulted in an even more positive genital self-image, irrespective of levels of sexual function, sexual distress, self-esteem and trait anxiety. In the women who had seen the vulva pictures, the positive effect on genital self-image was still present after two weeks. Discussion: The results of this study seem to indicate that even in young women with a relatively positive genital self-image, exposure to pictures of a large variety of natural vulvas positively affects genital self-image. This finding may suggest that exposure to pictures of natural vulvas may also lead to a more positive genital self-image in women who consider labiaplasty.
A survey on Finite Automata based pattern matching techniques for network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS)

Many network security applications such as Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Firewall and Data Loss Prevention System (DLPS) are based on deep packet inspection, in this packets header as well as payload of the packets are checked with predefined attack signature to identify whether it contains malicious traffic or not. To perform this checking different pattern matching methods are used by NIDS. The most popular method to implement pattern matching is to use of Finite Automata (FA). Generally, regular expressions are used to represent most of the attack signatures defined by NIDS. They are implemented using finite automata, which takes the payload of packet as input string. However, existing approaches of Finite Automata (FA), both deterministic finite automata (DFA) and non-deterministic finite automata (NFA) for pattern matching are having their own advantages and some drawbacks. The DFA based pattern matching methods are fast enough but require more memory. However, NFA based pattern matching methods are comparatively takes less memory but the speed of matching is very slow, to overcome these drawbacks of finite automata there are many approaches have been proposed. This paper discuses comparative study of some Finite Automata (FA) based techniques for pattern matching in network intrusion detection system (NIDS).
Throwing velocity and kinematics in elite male water polo players.

AIM Fifty-three members of the Italian Men Water Polo Team were filmed using two synchronized cameras, while they were shooting a goal. Considering the differences in body mass, height, training strategies and the technical-tactical features of the players, the aims of this study were to employ video-analysis techniques in order to investigate selected kinematic parameters in water polo throwing, and to provide comprehensive quantitative information on the throwing movement in relation to the different team player positions. METHODS Video analysis was used to estimate the elbow angle at release, the shoulder angle at follow through, the back and head height at ball release, trunk rotation angle and ball velocity at release. RESULTS Ball release velocities ranged from 21.0 to 29.8 m/s (average value 25.3±1.4 m/s), for field players. Goal keepers show the lowest team values (average 21.7±0.3 m/s). Similar to previous study results, ball release was typically reached just prior to the elbow approaching full extension (151.6±3.6°), and the follow through shoulder angle was 143±5.9°. CONCLUSION No significant statistical difference was recorded between injured and non-injured athletes. No positive association was demonstrated between physical characteristics (body mass and height) and ball velocity.
Migratory Coping in Wartime Mozambique: An Anthropology of Violence and Displacement in ‘Fragmented Wars’

Current frameworks for analyzing conflict in developing nations usually focus on the agendas of national-level parties to conflicts. This article draws heavily on the author’s own ethnographic work in central Mozambique to demonstrate how political alignment during the Mozambican civil conflict (1977-92) was regarded by local actors as a tool for engaging in family- and community-level political struggles. Comparing findings from his own work in the district of Machaze to that of other ethnographic researchers who focused on wartime experiences elsewhere in Mozambique, he shows how the means of violence of national-level parties during the civil conflict were appropriated by local actors in service to local forms of social struggle. He proposes the concept of ‘fragmented war’ to describe such contexts in which national ‘civil wars’ take on a large degree of local character and in which there is considerable variation in that local character as a result of sociocultural and ethnic diversity within a country. The article then documents how wartime migration - as one of the most visible and consequential strategies for reacting to violence - was organized primarily as a response to such micro-level political struggles rather than merely to the state of hostilities between national-level political actors. Different local ‘logics of violence’ thus produced different patterns of wartime displacement throughout Mozambique. Some of the key historical conditions that made wartime violence in Mozambique susceptible to ‘fragmentation’ are reviewed, in order to reflect more broadly on what general conditions might produce ‘fragmentations of violence’ in other war contexts. The article concludes with a discussion of how anthropological approaches can contribute to the demographic analysis of forced migration in culturally diversified war zones.