Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHY-Graph Model for Ad Hoc Wireless MAC

The ad hoc wireless MAC problem is based on a model of interference between links. Prior disk graph models consider pair-wise interference and have been analyzed to provide bounds on MAC performance, through the application of graph theoretic coloring results. The recently developed PHY graph model is based on the physical layer and so is a more realistic model than disk graph models. An initial MAC performance bound based on the PHY graph model has been shown. Here, the model is analyzed in a novel proof resulting in an improved bound on the MAC performance. The accuracy of the PHY graph model, in modelling the ad hoc wireless problem, is explored through detailed simulations. Salient features of the model are utilized to provide a performance improvement.
"So that's what you see": building understanding with personalized simulations of colour vision deficiency

Colour vision deficiencies (CVD) affect the everyday lives of a large number of people, but it is difficult for others - even friends and family members - to understand the experience of having CVD. Simulation tools can help provide this experience; however, current simulations are based on general models that have several limitations, and therefore cannot accurately reflect the perceptual capabilities of most individuals with reduced colour vision. To address this problem, we have developed a new simulation approach that is based on a specific empirical model of the actual colour perception abilities of a person with CVD. The resulting simulation is therefore a more exact representation of what a particular person with CVD actually sees. We tested the new approach in two ways. First, we compared its accuracy with that of the existing models, and found that the personalized simulations were significantly more accurate than the old method. Second, we asked pairs of participants (one with CVD, and one close friend or family member without CVD) to discuss images of everyday scenes that had been simulated with the CVD person's particular model. We found that the personalized simulations provided new insights into the details of the CVD person's experience. The personalized-simulation approach shows great promise for improving understanding of CVD (and potentially other conditions) for people with ordinary perceptual abilities.
Emotional labour of policing

Managing emotions in the workplace is an indispensable requisite for organizational efficiency. Displaying organizationally desired emotions by controlling one’s private feelings is called emotional labour. This study is a sharp departure from the overemphasis placed on the emotional labour–management of positive emotions relationship. This study focuses predominately on the management of negative emotions. By adopting a concurrent embedded mixed-method design, this article explores the mechanism by which different strategies of emotional labour lead to positive or negative outcomes for individuals within the context of the negative display rule. Using a survey method and interview, we studied 152 police officers in Kolkata, India. We found that the deep acting emotional regulation strategy leads to personal accomplishment, whereas surface acting leads to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Moreover, we show that the negative outcomes of emotional labour can be minimized by enhancing organizational identification and job control.
Virtual Reality Based Simulation of Hysteroscopic Interventions

Virtual reality based simulation is an appealing option to supplement traditional clinical education. However, the formal integration of training simulators into the medical curriculum is still lacking. Especially, the lack of a reasonable level of realism supposedly hinders the widespread use of this technology. Therefore, we try to tackle this situation with a reference surgical simulator of the highest possible fidelity for procedural training. This overview describes all elements that have been combined into our training system as well as first results of simulator validation. Our framework allows the rehearsal of several aspects of hysteroscopyfor instance, correct fluid management, handling of excessive bleeding, appropriate removal of intra-uterine tumors, or the use of the surgical instrument.
Frame-Based Detection of Opinion Holders and Topics: A Model and a Tool

Sentilo is a model and a tool to detect holders and topics of opinion sentences. Sentilo implements an approach based on the neo-Davidsonian assumption that events and situations are the primary entities for contextualizing opinions, which makes it able to distinguish holders, main topics, and sub-topics of an opinion. It uses a heuristic graph mining approach that relies on FRED, a machine reader for the Semantic Web that leverages Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Knowledge Representation (KR) components jointly with cognitively-inspired frames. The evaluation results are excellent for holder detection (F1: 95%), very good for subtopic detection (F1: 78%), and good for topic detection (F1: 68%).
Perceptual representations of parametrically-defined and natural objects comparing vision and haptics

Studies concerning how the brain might represent objects by means of a perceptual space have primarily focused on the visual domain. Here we want to show that the haptic modality can equally well recover the underlying structure of a physical object space, forming a perceptual space that is highly congruent to the visual perceptual space. By varying three shape parameters a physical shape space of shell-like objects was generated. Sighted participants explored pictures of the objects while blindfolded participants haptically explored 3D printouts of the objects. Similarity ratings were performed and analyzed using multidimensional scaling (MDS) techniques. Visual and haptic similarity ratings highly correlated and resulted in very similar visual and haptic MDS maps. To investigate to which degree these results are transferrable to natural objects, we performed the same visual and haptic similarity ratings and multidimensional scaling analyses using a set of natural sea shells. Again, we found very similar perceptual spaces in the haptic and visual domain. Our results suggest that the haptic modality is capable of surprisingly acute processing of complex shape.
Experiences of decreased lung function in people with cervical spinal cord injury

Purpose. The present aim was to explore and describe experience of decreased lung function among people with cervical spinal-cord injury (CSCI). Method. Thirty-three people with CSCI with a lesion between levels C4 and C8 entered the study. Qualitative content analysis was used. A semi-structured interview guide was constructed with the main focus on experience of symptoms related to decreased lung function. Results. The experience related to decreased lung function was limitations in breathing function, the ability to cough and voice function. Individual self-management strategies were described in relation to these limitations. The overarching theme throughout the interviews was that although the limitations were in most cases significant compared to the situation before injury, they were not necessarily experienced or referred to as a problem. Conclusions. Breathing function, the ability to cough and voice function were perceived as limited in most of the present participants with CSCI compared to before the injury. Most had adapted to the situation and had developed their own strategies for handling the limitations. However, these limitations did not only become normal for the individuals because of compensatory strategies, these limitations were usually experienced as a problem not to speak of.
Extraocular fast myosin heavy chain expression in the levator palpebrae and retractor bulbi muscles.

PURPOSE To determine whether the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) and the retractor bulbi (RB) muscles, which share contractile characteristics with extraocular muscles (EOMs), express fast EOM-specific myosin heavy chain (MyHC) in the rabbit and other mammalian species. METHODS Cryostat sections of rabbit eye and limb muscles were stained by indirect peroxidase immunohistochemical procedures using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), including one (4A6) against EOM-specific fast MyHC. Myosin heavy chain isoforms from these muscles were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and the 4A6-reactive component was identified by immunoblotting. RESULTS MAb 4A6 stained muscle fibers in rabbit LPS and RB. SDS-PAGE resolved a rabbit EOM-specific MyHC isoform (band 1) from two other components (bands 2 and 3) that comigrated with limb fast MyHCs. MAb 4A6 reacted only with band 1. Rabbit LPS and RB also displayed corresponding MyHC components with the same mobilities and immunoreactivities as bands 1 to 3 in the EOM. MAb 4A6 also stained muscle fibers in monkey and cat LPS, but it failed to stain muscle fibers in cat RB and rat LPS and RB. CONCLUSIONS The expression of EOM-specific fast MyHC in EOM, LPS, and RB reflect their common developmental origin and similar contractile characteristics. These properties set them apart from other skeletal muscle groups. Eye muscles may constitute a distinct muscle group or allotype characterized by unique properties, including their propensity or resistance to disease.
HuR-Mediated Control of C/EBPβ mRNA Stability and Translation in ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas

The CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) that express the nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) tyrosine kinase (ALK+). Although ALK-mediated C/EBPβ transcriptional activation has been reported, C/EBPβ mRNA possesses U- and AU-rich domains in its 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) that might be privileged targets for posttranscriptional control in ALK+ ALCLs. The purpose of this study was to explore this possibility. By using human ALCL-derived cells and a murine model of ALK-transformed cells, we show that the AU-binding protein HuR binds to the 3′-UTR of C/EBPβ mRNA, as previously reported in adipocytes, and that NPM-ALK enhances this interaction. Interaction between HuR and C/EBPβ mRNA impacts on C/EBPβ gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. Indeed, C/EBPβ mRNA stability following HuR silencing is reduced and reaches the value observed in ALK-inactivated cells. Remarkably, HuR expression is not modified by NPM-ALK, but its association with actively translating polysomes is dramatically increased in ALK+ cells. HuR/polysomes association diminishes when NPM-ALK activity is inhibited and is accompanied by a concomitant decrease of C/EBPβ mRNA translation. Finally, we show that HuR and NPM-ALK colocalized in cytoplasmic granules and HuR is phosphroylated on tyrosine residues in ALK+ ALCL cells. Our study thus demonstrates that C/EBPβ is indeed regulated at the posttranscriptional level by HuR in ALK+ cells, leading us to propose that part of NPM-ALK oncogenic properties relies on its ability to modify HuR properties in the cytoplasm and hence to alter expression of key actors of transformation. Mol Cancer Res; 9(4); 485–96. ©2011 AACR.
Antibiotics and Facial Fractures: Evidence-Based Recommendations Compared with Experience-Based Practice

Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in craniofacial fracture management is controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare evidence-based literature recommendations regarding antibiotic prophylaxis in facial fracture management with expert-based practice. A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify published studies evaluating pre-, peri-, and postoperative efficacy of antibiotics in facial fracture management by facial third. Study level of evidence was assessed according to the American Society of Plastic Surgery criteria, and graded practice recommendations were made based on these assessments. Expert opinions were garnered during the Advanced Orbital Surgery Symposium in the form of surveys evaluating senior surgeon clinical antibiotic prescribing practices by time point and facial third. A total of 44 studies addressing antibiotic prophylaxis and facial fracture management were identified. Overall, studies were of poor quality, precluding formal quantitative analysis. Studies supported the use of perioperative antibiotics in all facial thirds, and preoperative antibiotics in comminuted mandible fractures. Postoperative antibiotics were not supported in any facial third. Survey respondents (n = 17) cumulatively reported their antibiotic prescribing practices over 286 practice years and 24,012 facial fracture cases. Percentages of prescribers administering pre-, intra-, and postoperative antibiotics, respectively, by facial third were as follows: upper face 47.1, 94.1, 70.6; midface 47.1, 100, 70.6%; and mandible 68.8, 94.1, 64.7%. Preoperative but not postoperative antibiotic use is recommended for comminuted mandible fractures. Frequent use of pre- and postoperative antibiotics in upper and midface fractures is not supported by literature recommendations, but with low-level evidence. Higher level studies may better guide clinical antibiotic prescribing practices.
Distributed Autocorrelation-Based Sequential Detection of OFDM Signals in Cognitive Radios

This paper addresses the problem of collaborative spectrum sensing using sequential detection (SD) in cognitive radios. The goal of sequential processing is to reduce the delay and amount of data needed in identifying underutilized spectrum. Each secondary user (SU) employs a simple and computationally efficient autocorrelation-based detector for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals of the primary user (PU). The decision statistics from individual detectors are combined in a fusion center that may be a separate node or one of the secondary users. The statistical properties of the decision statistics are established. The performance of the scheme is studied by theory and simulations. A comparison of the SD scheme with the Neyman-Pearson fixed sample size (FSS) test for the same false alarm and missed detection probabilities is also carried out.
GeomRDF: A Geodata Converter with a Fine-Grained Structured Representation of Geometry in the Web

In recent years, with the advent of the web of data, a growing number of national mapping agencies tend to publish their geospatial data as Linked Data. However, differences between traditional GIS data models and Linked Data model can make the publication process more complicated. Besides, it may require, to be done, the setting of several parameters and some expertise in the semantic web technologies. In addition, the use of standards like GeoSPARQL (or ad hoc predicates) is mandatory to perform spatial queries on published geospatial data. In this paper, we present GeomRDF, a tool that helps users to convert spatial data from traditional GIS formats to RDF model easily. It generates geometries represented as GeoSPARQL WKT literal but also as structured geometries that can be exploited by using only the RDF query language, SPARQL. GeomRDF was implemented as a module in the RDF publication platform Datalift. A validation of GeomRDF has been realized against the French administrative units dataset (provided by IGN France).
STUDENTS' VIEWS ON CULTURE OF FEAR IN EDUCATION SYSTEM

The main purpose of this study is to determine students’ perceptions about concept of fear culture and to see what kind of fear culture do they have. This study which is conducted by qualitative research approach was carried out with 74 students studying in primary school in Diyarbakir, in 2014-2015 academic year. In order to determine study group, convencience sampling was used in this research. According to results of this study, perceptions of fear culture which students have, were grouped under three categories. The categories are “mental (inner) fears”, “external fears” and “educational fears”. Results on most of mental fears showed that children were worried by uncertain source of feelings. But two of them ( fear of death and fear of God) were appeared with learning in social life. External fears of students were found to include the acquired experience and the fears which were occure with indirect acquired information. The fears are frequently encountered in the school environment, were collected under the title "educational" fears and students said they were afraid of teachers, supervisors, bullying, expulsion from school and disciplinary punishment.
A Conformational Switch in a Partially Unwound Helix Selectively Determines the Pathway for Substrate Release from the Carnitine/γ-Butyrobetaine Antiporter CaiT*

Background: Crystal structures of an inward-facing CaiT conformation with four substrate sites are reported. Results: This conformation is substrate-releasing. Arg262 facilitates release from the primary site. Conclusion: Unbinding pathway from the primary site is determined by a broken helical portion of a transmembrane domain. Significance: Mechanism of substrate release may be relevant to structural homologues such as neurotransmitter transporters. CaiT is a homotrimeric antiporter that exchanges l-carnitine (CRN) with γ-butyrobetaine (GBB) across the bacterial membrane. Three structures have been resolved to date for CaiT, all in the inward-facing state: CRN-bound (with four CRNs per subunit), GBB-bound (two GBBs per subunit), and apo. One of the reported binding sites is the counterpart of the primary site observed in structurally similar transporters. However, the mechanism and pathway(s) of CRN/GBB unbinding and translocation, or even the ability of the substrates to dislodge from the reported binding sites, are yet to be determined. To shed light on these issues, we performed a total of 1.3 μs of molecular dynamics simulations and examined the dynamics of substrate-bound CaiT structures under different conditions. We find that both CRN and GBB are able to dissociate completely from their primary site into the cytoplasm. Substrate molecules initially located at the secondary sites dissociate even faster (within tens of nanoseconds) into the extra- or intracellular regions. Interestingly, the unbinding pathway from the primary site appears to be dictated by the geometry of the unwound part of the transmembrane (TM) helix 3, mostly around Thr100 therein. Arg262 on TM7, which apparently mimics the role of Na+ in CaiT structural homologues, plays a key role in triggering the dissociation of the substrate away from the primary site and guiding its release to the cytoplasm provided that the unwound part of TM3 switches from a shielding to a yielding pose.
b+WSN: Smart beehive for agriculture, environmental, and honey bee health monitoring — Preliminary results and analysis

In recent years, various United Nations reports have stressed the growing constraint of food supply for Earth's growing human population. Honey bees are a vital part of the food chain as the most important pollinator insect for a wide range of crops. It is clear that protecting the population of honey bees worldwide, as well as enabling them to maximise their productivity, is an important concern. The work described in this paper utilised heterogeneous wireless sensor networks technologies to gather data unobtrusively from a beehive, describing the conditions and activity of the honey bee colony. A wide range of sensors were deployed for monitoring the multidimensional conditions within a living beehive (including oxygen, carbon dioxide, pollutant levels, temperature, and humidity). Meteorological and environmental conditions outside the hive were also monitored throughout the deployment. The data were then analysed from a biological perspective to provide insights into honey bee behaviour and health. This led to the development of an algorithm for automatically determining the status of the bee colony. Analysis was also undertaken from a meteorological perspective, which led to the development of an algorithm for predicting short term external weather conditions (rain) based on the conditions observed within the hive. The meteorological conditions were seen to have an impact on the data provided by biological sensors (bees) and physical sensors. This can be exploited to improve the accuracy of local weather prediction. Applications of this algorithm include agricultural and environmental monitoring for accurate short term forecasts for the area local to the beehive.
Evidence for exciton confinement in crystalline organic multiple quantum wells.

Multiple-quantum-well structures based on two crystalline organic semiconductors, namely, 3,4,9,10 perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 3,4,7,8 naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, have been grown by organic molecular-beam deposition. Both optical-absorption and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal a significant effect on the binding energy and the radiative recombination probability of excitons due to localization of carriers. Variational calculations of the ground-state exciton energy in quantum wells have been done, and the results agree with the experimental data. This provides evidence for exciton confinement in organic quantum-well structures
Notes on Two Flawed Attacks on Undeniable Signature Schemes

In Eurocrypt 2005, Kurosawa and Heng proposed a set of 3-move witness indistinguishable protocols to be incorporated in the confirmation and disavowal protocols of the FDH variant of undeniable signature schemes. Their 3-move protocols gave rise to the development of many other variants of undeniable signature schemes. In 2010, Zhou, Zhang and Li showed a weakness in Kurosawa and Heng's proof system which enables a malicious prover to impersonate the signer. Libert and Quisquater proposed the first identity-based undeniable signature scheme. In 2007, Li et al. proposed a universal forgery attack on their scheme. In this paper, we show that both of the attacks which were proposed on Kurosawa and Heng's proof system and Libert and Quisquater's scheme have fatal errors, and therefore, both claims are false.