Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of volatile organic compound and hazardous air pollutant emissions from oil and natural gas well pads using mobile remote and on-site direct measurements

Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) from oil and natural gas production were investigated using direct measurements of component-level emissions on pads in the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin and remote measurements of production pad-level emissions in the Barnett, DJ, and Pinedale basins. Results from the 2011 DJ on-site study indicate that emissions from condensate storage tanks are highly variable and can be an important source of VOCs and HAPs, even when control measures are present. Comparison of the measured condensate tank emissions with potentially emitted concentrations modeled using E&P TANKS (American Petroleum Institute [API] Publication 4697) suggested that some of the tanks were likely effectively controlled (emissions less than 95% of potential), whereas others were not. Results also indicate that the use of a commercial high-volume sampler (HVS) without corresponding canister measurements may result in severe underestimates of emissions from condensate tanks. Instantaneous VOC and HAP emissions measured on-site on controlled systems in the DJ Basin were significantly higher than VOC and HAP emission results from the study conducted by Eastern Research Group (ERG) for the City of Fort Worth (2011) using the same method in the Barnett on pads with low or no condensate production. The measured VOC emissions were either lower or not significantly different from the results of studies of uncontrolled emissions from condensate tanks measured by routing all emissions through a single port monitored by a flow measurement device for 24 hr. VOC and HAP concentrations measured remotely using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Other Test Method (OTM) 33A in the DJ Basin were not significantly different from the on-site measurements, although significant differences between basins were observed. Implications: VOC and HAP emissions from upstream production operations are important due to their potential impact on regional ozone levels and proximate populations. This study provides information on the sources and variability of VOC and HAP emissions from production pads as well as a comparison between different measurement techniques and laboratory analysis protocols. On-site and remote measurements of VOC and HAP emissions from oil and gas production pads indicate that measurable emissions can occur despite the presence of control measures, often as a result of leaking thief hatch seals on condensate tanks. Furthermore, results from the remote measurement method OTM 33A indicate that it can be used effectively as an inspection technique for identifying oil and gas well pads with large fugitive emissions.
Quality assessment of monitored environmental data in the frequency domain

Ozone is a secondary pollutant that forms in the atmosphere through complex chemical reactions mainly between Nitrogen Oxides and Volatile Organic Compounds. Such reactions are triggered by the presence of solar radiation. On August 2000 several Ozone episodes occurred in Falconara Marittima, a municipality of Ancona Province that hosts an oil refinery. Data acquired at monitoring stations showed high levels of Ozone and very high levels of Hydrocarbons. Two years later, we were asked to study the episodes. Some specialists had argued that monitored data, although validated and accepted by authorities, seemed affected by errors. Being impossible to exclude a fault, we thought to reduce the range of plausible malfunctions. In fact, environmental data sets, acquired at monitoring stations, may be analyzed in the frequency domain to reveal periodic components that do not emerge after a preliminary study of time series. This procedure may help data validation procedures, especially when data sets are supposed prone to errors.
Epidemie spreading in partial dynamic networks

In a society, some social contacts are stable which can preserve for a long time, while others are unstable which persist only for a short time. In this paper, we study the epidemic spreading on a network, referred as partial dynamic network, in which most connections are stable while the others are dynamic. Our analysis and simulations reveal that a larger fraction of dynamic connections may lead a larger epidemic size. Moreover, we study the influence of the cluster coefficient to the epidemic spreading on the partial dynamic network and find that higher clustering may lead to a smaller epidemic size. A simple analysis is given to explain these findings.
Preceptorship: the progression from student to staff nurse

■ Preceptorship assists the development from learner to accountable staff nurse. ■ Time has to be available for preceptorship to be successful. ■ The learning objectives need to be relevant for the individual preceptee. ■ Preceptors require considerable support for their role. ■ Preceptees had difficulty adjusting to being staff nurses and experienced high levels of stress. ■ Most progress was observed after a three month period, when ability and confidence levels had increased and stress levels decreased.
Relaxed-Rigidity Constraints: In-Grasp Manipulation using Purely Kinematic Trajectory Optimization

This paper proposes a novel approach to performing in-grasp manipulation planning: the problem of moving an object with reference to the palm from an initial pose to a goal pose without breaking or making contacts. Our method to perform in-grasp manipulation uses kinematic trajectory optimization which requires no knowledge of dynamic properties of the object or the robot. We define a cost function that attempts to maintain the initial grasp points, while relaxing the constraint that the contacts between finger and object remain rigid. Hence, we name this new formulation relaxed-rigidity constraints. We implement our approach on an Allegro robot hand and perform experiments on 10 objects from the YCB dataset. However, the implementation would work for any object the robot can grasp. We perform thorough analysis and compare to alternative optimization formulations. Our method reaches the desired object pose with a median position error of 13mm across all of the 500 trials without ever dropping the object.
T Cell Response to Epste in-Barr Virus Transactivators in Chronic

Rheumatoid arthritis is a multistep disorder associated with autoimmune features of yet unknown etiology. Implication of viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis has been suspected on the basis of several indirect observations, but thus far, a direct link between EBV and rheumatoid arthritis has not been provided. Here we show that a large fraction of T cells infiltrating affected joints from a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis recognizes two EBV transactivators (BZLF1 and BMLF1) in a major histocompatibility complex-restricted fashion. Responses to these EBV antigens by synovial lymphocytes from several other chronic rheumatoid arthritis panents were readily detectable. Thus these results suggest a direct contribution of EBV to chronic rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. They also demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of T cell responses against EBV transactivating factors, which might be central in the control of virus reactivation.
A Contraction Theory-Based Analysis of the Stability of the Deterministic Extended Kalman Filter

The contraction properties of the extended Kalman filter, viewed as a deterministic observer for nonlinear systems, are analyzed. The approach relies on the study of an auxiliary “virtual” dynamical system. Some conditions under which exponential convergence of the state error can be guaranteed are derived. Moreover, contraction provides a simple formalism to study some robustness properties of the filter, especially with respect to measurement errors, as illustrated by a simplified inertial navigation example. This technical note sheds another light on the theoretical properties of this popular observer.
Multiple constant multiplications: efficient and versatile framework and algorithms for exploring common subexpression elimination

Many applications in DSP, telecommunications, graphics, and control have computations that either involve a large number of multiplications of one variable with several constants, or can easily be transformed to that form. A proper optimization of this part of the computation, which we call the multiple constant multiplication (MCM) problem, often results in a significant improvement in several key design metrics, such as throughput, area, and power. However, until now little attention has been paid to the MCM problem. After defining the MCM problem, we introduce an effective problem formulation for solving it where first the minimum number of shifts that are needed is computed, and then the number of additions is minimized using common subexpression elimination. The algorithm for common subexpression elimination is based on an iterative pairwise matching heuristic. The power of the MCM approach is augmented by preprocessing the computation structure with a new scaling transformation that reduces the number of shifts and additions. An efficient branch and bound algorithm for applying the scaling transformation has also been developed. The flexibility of the MCM problem formulation enables the application of the iterative pairwise matching algorithm to several other important and common high level synthesis tasks, such as the minimization of the number of operations in constant matrix-vector multiplications, linear transforms, and single and multiple polynomial evaluations. All applications are illustrated by a number of benchmarks.
A specification test for univariate and multivariate proportional hazards models.

This paper applies White's (1982, Econometrica 50, 1-25) information matrix (IM) test for correct model specification to proportional hazards models of univariate and multivariate censored survival data. Several alternative estimators of the test statistic are presented and their size performance examined. White also suggested an estimator of the parameter covariance matrix that was robust to certain forms of model misspecification. This has been subsequently proposed by others (e.g., Royall, 1986, International Statistical Review 54, 221-226) and applied by Huster, Brookmeyer, and Self (1989, Biometrics 45, 145-156) as part of an independence working model (IWM) approach to multivariate censored survival data. We illustrate how the IM test can be used for both univariate data and as part of the IWM approach to multivariate data.
The Single Shared Electronic Patient Record (SSEPR): problems with functionality and governance.

The shared record model of SystmOne (Computer Services Corporation/The Phoenix Partnership) was developed in 1998 and introduced during 1999; detailed statistics are available from this link. Developing a shared, data-rich record between highly professional groups of clinicians has been a great success, with many patients’ care being enhanced by improved communications between caring groups. The shared record environment has, for many, been the natural development of practice-bound IT systems, with links to community providers, hospital clinics and palliative care providers. The model has always provided choice and security for patient records, and has been most successful where commitment to service improvement has gone hand-in-hand with business development. Community and secondary care clinicians have seized the shared record as an opportunity to develop their own information needs as well as smoothing the patient journey. They maintain a common core record with primary care that can be effectively shared. They often have access to complex records supporting patients with complex long-term conditions. In the paper-based world we occasionally receive letters with incorrect data within them – incorrect diagnoses, incorrect demographics. It is usual practice to write to/telephone the originator asking them to correct the information, holding the original until the correction is received. This is largely the model the software follows. GP paper records are unusual in the way that the paper original is passed from one surgery to another as patients move surgeries, with complete editorial rights passing with the envelope. This model is replicated in SystmOne, with the additional advantage that practices can retain a copy. The new GP can alter any erroneous data entered by a previous practice. In a community setting, however, units traditionally retain their original records, as opposed to sending them forward when the patient moves. Again, SystmOne follows this model, keeping editorial control over community-entered data with the community unit, since their record is their medico-legal record. In cases where a GP notices erroneous community data, they can send a secure message through SystmOne to the community unit who then has the opportunity to amend it, or to let it remain. This stops the GP practices changing data they believe to be incorrect without the original clinician having the opportunity to refute the claim. The Phoenix Partnership has seen dramatic growth in the constructive use of shared records with evidence that patient safety and satisfaction are enhanced by record sharing not least in the GP out-of-hours service. It is important that readers understand the scope of this service; our current figures are:
Abnormal Pattern of Tie-2 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Human Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations

OBJECTIVEHuman cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are speculated to result from abnormal angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGF-Rs) and Tie-2 play critical roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. We hypothesized that the abnormal vascular phenotype of AVMs may be associated with abnormal expression of VEGF-Rs and Tie-2. METHODSWe measured the expression of Tie-2, VEGF-R1, and VEGF-R2 in AVMs and normal brain tissue, using immunoblotting. To assess active vascular remodeling, we also measured endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression. CD31 expression was used to control for endothelial cell mass for Tie-2, VEGF-Rs, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Immunoblotting data were presented as relative expression, using normal brain tissue values as 100%. RESULTSCD31 was expressed to similar degrees in AVMs and normal brain tissue (99 ± 29% versus 100 ± 20%, mean ± standard error, P = 0.98). Tie-2 expression was markedly decreased in all AVMs, compared with normal brain tissue (16 ± 9% versus 100 ± 37%, P = 0.04). VEGF-R1 expression was decreased in four of five AVMs, but the difference between the mean values was not significant (35 ± 8% versus 100 ± 42%, P = 0.14). VEGF-R2 expression was decreased in all AVMs, compared with normal brain tissue (28 ± 6% versus 100 ± 29%, P = 0.03). There was no difference in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression between AVMs and normal brain tissue (106 ± 42% versus 100 ± 25%, P = 0.91). CONCLUSIONAVM vessels exhibited abnormal expression of Tie-2 and VEGF-Rs, both of which may contribute to the pathogenesis of AVMs.
Controlled and automatic information processing in senile dementia: a review

Synopsis The evidence on cognitive decline in senile dementia is reviewed with respect to the distinction between controlled and automatic processing. It is argued that controlled processing, which requires the attentional resources of the individual, declines in early senile dementia. However, automatic processing, which does not require attentional resources, is well maintained until late in the disorder. Implications of this view are drawn for the development of effective screening instruments which can be used for the early detection of dementia in the general population.
Selective Inkjet Printing of Conductors for Displays and Flexible Printed Electronics

A mask-less and selective printing of conductor patterns is of significant importance for all display applications. Printing on structured surfaces such as microlenses or gratings is a challenge. Typically used processes require thermal curing to achieve the conductivity. This limits the applicability to flexible display applications where low temperature processes are preferred, especially for roll to roll (R2R) scale up. We have used an approach of printing a catalyst containing ink, followed by an electroless plating of copper. This paper details the processes, microstructures and properties of highly conductive and printed copper on patterned flat surfaces as well as structures with micro-optic lens structures. A process has been developed on surfaces with lens structures where the conductor is required to be in the valley between the lenses and between structures with narrow lines and narrow pitch. This is a low temperature process, requiring a plating bath temperature of <;45°C and thus very compatible with flexible substrates and R2R processing.
A simulation study on the resolution and sensitivity of magnetic particle imaging

This paper presents the first detailed simulation approach to evaluate the proposed imaging method called ‘magnetic particle imaging’ with respect to resolution and sensitivity. The simulated scanner is large enough to accept human bodies. Together with the choice of field strength and noise the setup is representative for clinical applications. Good resolution, fast image acquisition and high sensitivity are demonstrated for various tracer concentrations, acquisition times, tracer properties and fields of view. Scaling laws for the simple prediction of image quality under the variation of these parameters are derived. For more information on this article, see medicalphysicsweb.org
Growth and characterization of anodized aluminum oxide thin film on paper-based substrate

In recent years, there was much interest for Anodized Aluminum Oxide studies for their utilizations applied in nanotechnology and electronic fields. In fact, Anodized Aluminum Oxide (AAO) grows under various acid or basic electrolytes. This growth is done on different substrates as aluminum foil or silicon, glass, and plastic with aluminum thin film deposit. In previous work, we have demonstrated that wet microelectronic techniques were possible on paper substrate. So here, we show that microelectronic and electrochemical techniques are used to fabricate AAO on paper-based substrate. To achieve this goal, aluminum with high-purity is deposited on paper before being anodized. To understand and control the anodic oxidation manufacturing on paper, we have studied different parameters like the applied voltage, the electrolyte nature and the solution temperature. The technological process used to obtain AAO layer will be explained, structural (SEM, AFM, X-ray, XPS) and electrical characterizations (capacitance and dielectric losses measurement) will allow discussion of the results. And then, a reliability study was conducted to demonstrate the resistance of the different processes implemented on paper-based substrate.
Aneurysm of the ascending aorta with aortic valvular insufficiency. Surgical management.

ANEURYSM of the ascending aorta associated with aortic valve incompetence is a formidable pathologic entity. Progressive expansion of the aneurysm may result in both aortic dissection or rupture with fatal hemorrhage and increasing aortic valvular regurgitation.1Effective surgical therapy would relieve cardiac failure and chest pain due to valvular incompetence or compromised coronary artery perfusion and should prevent fatal consequences. The entire ascending thoracic aorta is often involved in the degenerative process which may extend into the aortic arch (Fig 1). In some cases the dilatation is confined to the proximal ascending aorta producing a "Florence flask" deformity. Accompanying annular dilatation, as in the cases with annuloaortic ectasia and cystic medial necrosis,2,3will result in aortic valvular regurgitation without pathologic changes in the aortic leaflets. Successful surgical management includes both correction of the aortic valvular insufficiency and excision of the aneurysm with restoration of aortic continuity. This has
In-service diagnostic of polymeric insulators exposed to severe contamination

In Mexico since 1995, polymeric insulators have been used in transmission lines exposed to severe contamination. Insulators from different manufacturers have been installed; however, some of them have failed during their early operation years. Consequently, since 2003, in-service diagnostic has been periodically carried out to identify high risk insulators, by using the visual corona and electric field measurement techniques. In this paper, the most important results obtained from different inspections performed in-service to polymeric insulators on Mexican transmission lines are presented. These results show that the visual corona and electric field measurement techniques can be used to identify high risk polymeric insulators prior to failure.
Is testing of menstrual blood justifiable for diagnosis of endometrial tuberculosis among infertile women

Introduction: Diagnosis of endometrial tuberculosis is often carried out by using commercially available molecular diagnostic tests on endometrial biopsy samples and menstrual blood samples of infertile women in many infertility clinics. Aim: To determine whether menstrual blood is a good alternative sample for diagnosis of endometrial tuberculosis. Methods: Women (n=123) presenting with infertility were investigated for endometrial tuberculosis by testing menstrual blood samples as well as endometrial aspirates with GEN-PROBE AMPLIFIED Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Direct (MTD) test which is a Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) and VersaTREK culture. Results of the two tests for detection of M. Tuberculosis were compared in menstrual blood and endometrial aspirate samples. Results: Out of 123 menstrual blood samples tested M. tuberculosis was detected by culture in only 0.8 per cent of women. Mycobacterium other than Tuberculosis (MOTT) was detected in 2.43 per cent samples of menstrual blood on culture reports and was identified to be Mycobacterium inter medium. Conclusion: Menstrual blood was not found as a good alternative sample for diagnosis of endometrial tuberculosis. Results of MTD tests on menstrual blood sample for diagnosis and management of endometrial tuberculosis (as is widely used in infertility clinics) should be interpreted with caution. Pathological significance of Mycobacterium inter medium in female infertility, though a possible contaminant, needs further research.
A more accurate profile of Achyrocline satureioides hypocholesterolemic activity

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract (AE) of Achyrocline satureioides on serum lipid profile, liver oxidative profile and Na+,K+‐ATPase activity of rats submitted to a hyperlipidic diet. The animals were divided into four groups: control (C), AE 10% (A10), hyperlipidic (H) and hyperlipidic/AE 10% (HA10). In serum, we measured the levels of total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein, very‐low‐density lipoprotein, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride (TG). In liver homogenates, we measured the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, the carbonyl proteins, the non‐protein thiols (NPSHs) and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT) and Na+,K+‐ATPase. We observed a significant increase in the TC and LDL levels in the H group. A. satureioides prevented these effects, decreased the TG levels in the HA10 group and increased the NPSH levels in the A10 and HA10 groups. The H group showed an increase in the carbonyl protein level and a decrease in CAT and Na+,K+‐ATPase activities. With the use of this model, results show that increased levels of lipids are related to a redox imbalance in the liver, which is also related to the inhibition of Na+,K+‐ATPase activity, and that chronic administration of the AE of A. satureioides is capable of changing this profile. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.