Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Functional Product Development Teams, Creativity, and the Innovativeness of New Consumer Products

Multiple studies have found that the primary determinant of new product failure is an absence of innovativeness—the extent to which a new product provides meaningfully unique benefits. Given the persistence of this finding and the growing use of cross-functional teams in new product development projects, the authors examine how innovativeness is affected by various characteristics of cross-functional teams and contextual influences on the team. On the basis of a study of 141 cross-functional product development teams, the authors find that innovativeness is positively related to the strength of superordinate identity in the team, encouragement to take risk, customers' influence, and active monitoring of the project by senior management. Beyond a moderate level, social cohesion among team members has a negative effect on innovativeness. The effect of superordinate identity on innovativeness is strengthened by encouragement to take risk and weakened by social cohesion. Functional diversity has no effect on innovativeness. The authors discuss managerial and research implications of the findings.
Real‐Time GPU Silhouette Refinement using Adaptively Blended Bézier Patches

We present an algorithm for detecting and extracting the silhouette edges of a triangle mesh in real time using Graphical Processing Units (GPUs). We also propose a tessellation strategy for visualizing the mesh with smooth silhouettes through a continuous blend between Bézier patches with varying level of detail. Furthermore, we show how our techniques can be integrated with displacement and normal mapping. We give details on our GPU implementation and provide a performance analysis with respect to mesh size.
Empirical bond‐order potential for hydrocarbons: Adaptive treatment of van der Waals interactions

Bond‐order potentials provide a powerful class of models for simulating chemically reactive systems with classical potentials. In these models, the covalent bonding interactions adapt to the environment, allowing bond strength to change in response to local chemical changes. However, the non‐bonded interactions should also adapt in response to chemical changes, an effect which is neglected in current bond‐order potentials. Here the AIREBO potential is extended to include adaptive Lennard‐Jones terms, allowing the van der Waals interactions to vary adaptively with the chemical environment. The resulting potential energy surface and its gradient remain continuous, allowing it to be used for dynamics simulations. This new potential is parameterized for hydrocarbons, and is fit to the energetics and densities of a variety of condensed phase molecular hydrocarbons. The resulting model is more accurate for modeling aromatic and other unsaturated hydrocarbon species, for which the original AIREBO potential had some deficiencies. Testing on compounds not used in the fitting procedure shows that the new model performs substantially better in predicting heats of vaporization and pressures (or densities) of condensed‐phase molecular hydrocarbons. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2008
Identifying Adverse Drug Events from Health Social Media Using Distant Supervision

Adverse drug events (ADEs) have been recognized as a significant healthcare problem worldwide. Prior studies have shown that health social media can be used to generate medical hypotheses and identify adverse drug events. Most studies adopted supervised learning approach for ADE detection in health social media, which requires human annotated data and is not scalable to large datasets. In this study, we develop an information extraction framework to identify novel adverse drug events using distant supervised learning, which leverages existing knowledge of adverse drug events and requires no labeled text. Our proposed framework achieves competent performance in identifying adverse drug events without expensive human annotation.
Ontology Consistency and Instance Checking for Real World Linked Data

Many large ontologies have been created which make use of OWL’s expressiveness for specification. However, tools to ensure that instance data is in compliance with the schema are often not well integrated with triple-stores and cannot detect certain classes of schema-instance inconsistency due to the assumptions of the OWL axioms. This can lead to lower quality, inconsistent data. We have developed a simple ontology consistency and instance checking service, SimpleConsist[8]. We also define a number of ontology design best practice constraints on OWL or RDFS schemas. Our implementation allows the user to specify which constraints should be applied to schema and instance data.
Using image saliency and regions of interest to encourage stronger graphical passwords

A graphical password guiding image serves as a visual prompt to improve password memorability. However, passwords may be easily guessed if the guiding image contains hotspots, or commonly chosen (e.g., 'clickable') points that are predictable via automated means. In this paper, we propose a method to determine graphical password guiding image suitability in terms of potential password strength. Our method uses image saliency to measure image suitability; the higher the saliency, the more suitable the image. Next, we evaluate the regions of interest (e.g., circles, faces, corners, etc.) of suitable images to predict the strength of resultant graphical passwords. We provide support for our method in two ways: first, we analyzed the guiding images and resulting graphical password strength from an existing dataset and secondly, we conducted our own user study to measure the usability and memorability of the same guiding images in terms of registration, login and recall times. We found that the more visually salient the image, the stronger the resulting graphical passwords in terms of entropy with little or no effect on usability and memorability. Furthermore, users tended to select more suitable images even when given the choice of less suitable images. Thus, our approach may be used to improve the strength of graphical passwords before the user chooses a single point or action simply by excluding unsuitable guiding images.
The Role of Culture in Emotion-Antecedent Appraisal

Do respondents in different cultures appraise emotion-antecedent events differently? Are similar appraisal profiles associated with the same emotions across cultures? These questions were studied for 7 emotions in 37 countries. Results show rather high convergence across geopolitical regions with respect to emotion specific profiles, suggesting universality of the appraisal mechanism. Empirical profiles corresponded in large measure to theoretical predictions. There were sizable differences between geopolitical regions with respect to general appraisal tendencies. Respondents in Africa tended to appraise events as more immoral, more unfair or unjust, and more externally caused. Respondents in Latin America tended to appraise emotion-antecedent events as less immoral than those in other regions. To find potential explanatory factors, a number of key country variables related to climate, cultural values, and socioeconomic-demographic factors were examined.
Convergence in trophic morphology and feeding performance among piscivorous natricine snakes

Piscivory has independently evolved numerous times amongst snakes, and therefore these animals provide a powerful opportunity to test for convergent evolution in a vertebrate feeding system. In this study, we integrate performance trials with comparative methods to test the hypothesis that piscivory drives convergence in trophic morphology and feeding performance among natricine snakes. Within and across species, increasing the relative length of the quadrate bone in the skull is positively and strongly linked to a reduction in the time needed to swallow large fish prey. Thus, our feeding experiments suggest that a longer quadrate bone enables snakes to better conform their head shape to the shape of the prey during swallowing. Ancestral diet reconstructions and phylogenetically corrected multiple regression analyses further reveal that evolutionary increases in piscivory are coupled to the evolution of relatively longer quadrates, and hence improved feeding performance on fish prey in these animals. The exploitation of similar dietary niches drives the evolution of convergent trophic morphologies and feeding performances in natricine snakes.
Additive and interactive effects in memory for subject-performed tasks

Abstract Three experiments were carried out to explore reasons for the superior recall and recognition of subject-performed tasks (SPTs) relative to memory for the equivalent verbal commands. In Experiment 1, list structure was varied; list structure affected recall, but the variable did not interact with the SPT/command manipulation. The same absence of an interaction was found in Experiment 2 with respect to different retrieval conditions and also with respect to the age of adult subjects. Experiment 3 confirmed that the age difference was as large for SPTs as it was for verbal commands. In addition, an interaction between SPT/command and levels of processing was found in Experiment 3. Differences between the additive and interactive patterns of results are discussed in terms of SITS contributing both additional (possibly motoric) information and also conceptual information that overlaps with information added by other variables.
Macro for Computing Complier-Average Causal Effect of Treatment (CACE) Using Instrumental Variable Method

It is common in clinical research to experience missing observations in a longitudinal trial due to dropout and nonadherence. The treatment effect from these trials may be biased. The complier-average causal effect of treatment (CACE) is considered to be a measure that corrects for this bias. Instrumental variables from a latent class model can be used to improve CACE (Dunn, Maracy, Tomenson, 2005). A SAS® macro is developed and applied to a randomized clinical trial for the treatment of depression in the elderly (Mulsant et al, 2001).
HARQ with Chase-Combining (HARQ-CC) for Uplink Transmission in Large-Antenna-Array Multicell Systems

We consider Hybrid Automatic Repeat & reQuest with Chase-combining (HARQ-CC) for uplink spectral efficiency enhancement in a multicell system with base- stations (BSs) using large antenna arrays. Each BS uses a zero-forcing receiver and knows only the channel gains of users in its own cell. We first derive the outage probability and long-term average transmission rate (LATR) of the proposed HARQ-CC while limiting the number of retransmissions. We then formulate the optimal rate-selection problem for the proposed scheme and provide a method to find a solution. Since the optimal-rate selection method for the HARQ-CC scheme is computationally intensive, we develop a sub-optimal rate-selection technique that has a LATR performance close to that of the optimal method. Illustrative results show that the HARQ-CC requires less number of antennas than the non-HARQ scheme to achieve the same LATR performance.
Preview : Published ahead of advance online publication Standardized definitions of molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia

This is a PDF file of an unedited peer-reviewed manuscript that has been accepted for publication. NPG are providing this early version of the manuscript as a service to our customers. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting and a proof review before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply.
The Lost E‐Mail Technique: Use of an Implicit Measure to Assess Discriminatory Attitudes Toward Two Minority Groups in Israel

The effectiveness of the “lost e-mail technique” (LET) as an unobtrusive attitude measure was successfully demonstrated in 2 studies. In Study 1, we found that Israeli students were more likely to reply to a similar other than to a minority group member (an Israeli-Arab or an immigrant from the former Soviet Union). In Study 2, LET was administered to professors and administrators, and its effectiveness was compared to a more traditional self-report measure. Although professors showed less discrimination on the self-report measure than did administrators, they were nevertheless discriminative in their responses to lost e-mails. These results suggest that professors are not necessarily less prejudiced, but probably are better able to detect attitude probes and more motivated to appear unbiased.
Estimation of inverse model by PSO and simultaneous perturbation method

This paper describes estimation of the inverse model by multi-layered neural network. The back-propagation rule requires a sensitivity function of a system. If the system has uncertainly, then we can not calculate the sensitivity function. Hence, we propose a learning rule based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) combining with simultaneous perturbation. PSO and simultaneous perturbation are suitable for estimation of the inverse model with uncertainly, because they can update by only value of the objective function. PSO has a capability of finding a global minimum and simultaneous perturbation can search local area efficiently. We introduce two adaptation method of the combination ratio. One of them is to adapt it depending on the distance from gbest. The other is to adapt it depending on the value of the objective function. The proposed method are investigated using inverse kinematics problem. The simulation results show that the proposed methods obtain the more accurate inverse model.
Linguistic Tests for Discourse Relations in the TüBa-D/Z Corpus of Written German

Discourse structure and discourse relations are an important ingredient in systems for the analysis of text that go beyond the boundary of single clauses. Discourse relations often indicate important additional information about the connection between two clauses, such as causality, and are widely believed to have an influence on aspects of reference resolution. More so than for referential annotation, discourse relation annotation is rendered difficult by the absence of a general consensus on the underlying linguistic phenomena that should be targeted, as well as by a lack of strong predictions on the possible or permissible interactions between these phenomena. While it is sometimes claimed that the structuring of discourse is only weakly constrained and as a result capturing discourse structure and discourse relations will always result in poor reproducibility of the annotation task, we want to argue in this paper that an explicit notion of the relata of discourse relations allows to delimit annotation scope and to make use of theoretical accounts of the linguistic phenomena involved without giving up the goal of theory-neutrality that is essential in making sure that a given resource stays useful to a large community of users. In this article, we first present the general design choices that are to be made in the design of an annotation scheme for discourse structure and discourse relations. In a second part, we present the scheme used in our annotation of selected articles from the TuBa-D/Z treebank of German (Telljohann et al., 2009). The scheme used in the annotation is theory-neutral, but informed by more detailed linguistic knowledge in the way of linguistic tests that can help disambiguate between several plausible relations.
Ryanodine Receptor Type I and Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Receptors Mediate Ca2+ Release from Insulin-containing Vesicles in Living Pancreatic β-Cells (MIN6)*

We have demonstrated recently (Mitchell, K. J., Pinton, P., Varadi, A., Tacchetti, C., Ainscow, E. K., Pozzan, T., Rizzuto, R., and Rutter, G. A. (2001)J. Cell Biol. 155, 41–51) that ryanodine receptors (RyR) are present on insulin-containing secretory vesicles. Here we show that pancreatic islets and derived β-cell lines express type I and II, but not type III, RyRs. Purified by subcellular fractionation and membrane immuno-isolation, dense core secretory vesicles were found to possess a similar level of type I RyR immunoreactivity as Golgi/endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes but substantially less RyR II than the latter. Monitored in cells expressing appropriately targeted aequorins, dantrolene, an inhibitor of RyR I channels, elevated free Ca2+ concentrations in the secretory vesicle compartment from 40.1 ± 6.7 to 90.4 ± 14.8 μm(n = 4, p < 0.01), while having no effect on ER Ca2+ concentrations. Furthermore, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP), a novel Ca2+-mobilizing agent, decreased dense core secretory vesicle but not ER free Ca2+ concentrations in permeabilized MIN6 β-cells, and flash photolysis of caged NAADP released Ca2+ from a thapsigargin-insensitive Ca2+ store in single MIN6 cells. Because dantrolene strongly inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (from 3.07 ± 0.51-fold stimulation to no significant glucose effect;n = 3, p < 0.01), we conclude that RyR I-mediated Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from secretory vesicles, possibly potentiated by NAADP, is essential for the activation of insulin secretion.
Healthy and Unhealthy Cardiac Progenitor Cells Modify the Pathogenesis of Myocardial Diseases.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is a life-threatening inherited cardiomyopathy with an estimated prevalence of 1 per 5000 individuals characterized by the replacement of the cardiac myocytes with fibrofatty tissue leading to ventricular arrhythmias, right ventricular failure, and sudden cardiac death.1 ARVD/C is commonly inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with an incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity caused by mutations in desmosomal genes (eg, plakoglobin , plakophilin-2 , desmoplakin , desmoglein-2 , and desmocollin-2 ) and several nondesmosomal genes (such as ryanodine receptor , phospholamban , transmembrane protein 43 , titin , and TGF β 3 ). 1 Article, see p 41 Mature cardiac myocytes express desmosomal proteins. However, differentiated cardiac myocytes are unlikely to transdifferentiate into fibro-adipocytes. Interestingly, some types of stem and progenitor cells are able to express desmosomal proteins and hence might contribute to the formation of fibrofatty tissue in ARVD/C.2 Joe et al3 described a population of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in the skeletal muscle that express platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRA). FAPs are present in healthy muscular tissue. They rapidly enter the cell cycle in response to acute muscle injury but do not generate myofibers. FAP along with the satellite cells participate in muscle regeneration providing a source of cytokines that regulate satellite cell activity and establishing an environment enhancing myogenic differentiation.4 However, under pathological conditions, FAPs may impair muscle structure and function. Uezumi et al5 demonstrated a participation …
When Teaching Interferes With Learning: Balancing Accountability With the Unique Needs of Every Child

This article highlights the practices of administrators and master teachers who are trying to balance the needs for accountability, prescribed curriculum, and learning standards with a broader view of education that gives equal importance to skills not so easily quantified by standardized tests. The author makes a case for the use of careful observation of children, and documentation and analysis of project-based activities as a way to create a more complete picture of a child's skills while at the same time, supporting the innate desire to learn with which all children start life.
A comparative study on attributed relational gra matching algorithms for perceptual 3-D shape descriptor in MPEG-7

Nowadays, the demand on user-friendly querying interface such as query-by-sketch and query-by-editing is an important issue in the content-based retrieval system for 3-D object database. Especially in MPEG-7, P3DS (Perceptual 3-D Shape) descriptor has been developed in order to provide the user-friendly querying, which can not be covered by an existing international standard for description and browsing of 3-D object database. Since the P3DS descriptor is based on the part-based representation of 3-D object, it is a kind of attributed relational gra (ARG) so that the ARG matching algorithm naturally follows as the core procedure for the similarity matching of the P3DS descriptor. In this paper, given a P3DS database from the corresponding 3-D object database, we bring focus into investigating the pros and cons of the target ARG matching algorithms. In order to demonstrate the objective evidence of our conclusion, we have conducted the experiments based on the database of 480 3-D objects with 33 categories in terms of the bull's eye performance, average normalized modified retrieval rate, and <i>precision/recall</i> curve.
Structure Learning in Sequential Data

Structure Learning in Sequential Data Liam Stewart Master of Science Graduate Department of Computer Science University of Toronto 2005 The goal of discriminative sequence learning is to learn how to classify items that can be arranged in a sequence. Many models have been proposed including logistic regression, the maximum entropy Markov model, the conditional random field, the input output Markov model, the hidden random field, and template models based on restricted Boltzmann machines. These models differ along several dimensions: whether they can be represented by a directed graphical model or an undirected one, whether or not they are chain structured, whether or not they are fully observed models, and whether or not they can incorporate knowledge about larger scale label structures. In this work, we compare these models on several synthetic problems and on a larger information extraction task.
2009 2nd International Conference on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System Research of Knn Query Processing in Road

With the developments of mobile computations and location-based services, searching for k nearest neighbors in road networks become a challenging research direction. In this paper, we first introduce a road network model based on mobile agents. Based on this model, we design a new algorithm. This algorithm combines mobile agents and INE algorithm together. With the guarantee of the model mechanism, mobile agents can execute KNN querying at the crossing road independently. With the attained k nearest neighbors by mobile agents, this algorithm changes the forepassed way of traveling entire road networks to find k nearest neighbors. The example of the algorithm displays the new algorithm can find k nearest neighbors effectively.
VIRTUAL TEAM USER ENVIRONMENTS - A MIXED REALITY APPROACH FOR IMMERSIVE TELE-COLLABORATION

An improved temperature control device which is so arranged that, by obtaining an average value of digital output amount of an A/D converter, if variation of the above digital output amount average value at each sampling is within predetermined dead zone data, it is regard that there is no change, while on the other hand, if the above variation is larger than the dead zone data, control is effected on the assumption that variation has taken place by the amount obtained by removing the dead zone data from the amount of the variation.