Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the proportion of prototypes generation in nearest neighbor classification

Most of the methods for prototype generation that gives a suggestion for the proportional to classes label is equal to the average, but does not completely arrive at ideal accuracy. In this paper, we modify the encoded form of the individual to combine with the proportion for each class label as the extra attributes in each individual solution, besides the use of the DE algorithm with the Pittsburgh's encoding method that include the attributes of all of the prototypes and get the perfect accuracy, and then to raise up the rate of prediction accuracy. The second contribution of this paper is find out that for each numeric attribute value should be normalized to transform to the range [¿1, 1] that get the better accuracy result than the range [0, 1].
b 2-Microglobulin , Cystatin C , and Creatinine and Risk of Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease

Methods and Results-—We conducted nested case-control studies among women within the Nurses’ Health Study (1990–2010) and among men within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1994–2008) with the use of archived blood samples collected before PAD diagnosis. During follow-up, symptomatic PAD was confirmed in 144 women and 143 men. Controls were matched 3:1 based on age, race, smoking status, fasting status, and date of blood sampling. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and were adjusted for plasma creatinine and cardiovascular risk factors. In women, the RRs (95% CI) per 1-SD) increment were 1.16 (0.85 to 1.58) for b2-microglobulin and 0.94 (0.69 to 1.28) for cystatin C. Corresponding RRs in men were 1.50 (1.08 to 2.09) for b2-microglobulin and 1.54 (1.07 to 2.22) for cystatin C. There was no association between creatinine and PAD risk in women, whereas the association in men (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.81) disappeared after adjustment for either b2-microglobulin or cystatin C. In pooled analyses of men and women, only b2-microglobulin was associated with PAD risk (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.64).
Carotid Artery Intimal‐Medial Thickness Distribution in General Populations As Evaluated by B‐Mode Ultrasound

Background and Purpose B-mode ultrasound is a widely used technique for the clinical and epidemiological assessment of carotid atherosclerosis. This article provides a description of the distribution of carotid atherosclerosis in the general population. Methods Intimal-medial arterial wall thickness was measured by B-mode real-time ultrasound as an index of atherosclerotic involvement in the extracranial carotid arteries as part of the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The distribution was described by race-sex strata, in which 759 to 4952 individuals were imaged depending on strata and location in the carotid system. Results Median wall thickness ranged between 0.5 and 1 mm at all ages; fewer than 5% of ARIC participants had values exceeding 2 mm. Individuals tended to have a larger wall thickness in the carotid bifurcation than in the common carotid artery. Internal carotid artery values were more variable, with higher proportions of both large and small wall thicknesses than in the common carotid. The proportion of individuals with a large wall thickness was greatest at the bifurcation and smallest at the common carotid artery. Men had uniformly larger wall thickness than women. Cross-sectional analysis suggests that age-related increases in wall thickness average approximately 0.015 mm/y in women and 0.018 mm/y in men in the carotid bifurcation, 0.010 mm/y for women and 0.014 mm/y for men in the internal carotid artery, and 0.010 mm/y in both sexes in the common carotid artery. Conclusions Estimates provided for wall thickness percentiles can serve as “nomograms” by age, race, and sex.
Recommender system based on Hierarchical Clustering algorithm Chameleon

Recommender Systems are becoming inherent part of today's e-commerce applications. Since recommender system has a direct impact on the sales of many products therefore Recommender system plays an important role in e-commerce. Collaborative filtering is the oldest techniques used in the recommender system. A lot of work has been done towards the improvement of collaborative filtering which comprises of two components User Based and Item Based. The basic necessity of today's recommender system is accuracy and speed. In this work an efficient technique for recommender system based on Hierarchical Clustering is proposed. The user or item specific information is grouped into a set of clusters using Chameleon Hierarchical clustering algorithm. Further voting system is used to predict the rating of a particular item. In order to evaluate the performance of Chameleon based recommender system, it is compared with existing technique based on K-means clustering algorithm. The results demonstrates that Chameleon based Recommender system produces less error as compared to K-means based Recommender System.
Information Integration and Incomplete Information.

We first briefly review relational databases and incomplete i nformation. We then describe how querying in Information Integration Systems amounts to querying inc omplete databases. We also discuss query rewriting, which essentially is a (compile-time) query opt imization technique used in processing queries in Information Integration systems. Finally, we review som e recent advances in query rewriting.
The Influence of Perceived Parental Guidance Patterns on Children's Media Use: Gender Differences and Media Displacement

A survey of 70 to 11 year olds showed that restrictive guidance leads to a reduction of media consumption, whereas other forms of guidance do not. Restriction of the use of one medium may lead to an increase of another medium offering a similar gratification. Children perceive differences between the guidance behavior of fathers and mothers. In this study parental guidance (measured as verbal cues) had an effect only on the media consumption of girls.
The pX region of the bovine leukemia virus is transcribed as a 2.1-kilobase mRNA

The bovine leukemia virus mRNAs expressed in cultured bovine cells of various origins are a 9.0-kilobase genomic RNA, a 5.1-kilobase env RNA, and a newly detected 2.1-kilobase RNA corresponding to the transcription of pX sequences located in between the env gene and the 3' end of the provirus.
Genotyping of Measles Virus in Clinical Specimens on the Basis of Oligonucleotide Microarray Hybridization Patterns

ABSTRACT An oligonucleotide microarray hybridization method for identification of most known measles virus (MV) genotypes was developed. Like the conventional genotyping method, the microarray relied on detecting sequence differences in the 450-nucleotide region coding for the COOH-terminal 150 amino acids of the nucleoprotein (N). This region was amplified using PCR primers binding to all known MV genotypes. The microarray included 71 pairs of oligonucleotide probes (oligoprobes) immobilized on glass slides. Each pair consisted of a genotype-specific oligoprobe, which matched the sequence of only one target genotype, and a control oligoprobe, which contained mismatches at the nucleotide positions unique to this genotype. A pattern recognition algorithm based on cluster analysis of the ratios of hybridization signals from specific and control oligoprobes was used to identify the specific MV genotype. Following the initial validation, the method was used for rapid genotyping of two panels of coded samples. The results of this study showed good sensitivity (90.7%), specificity (100%), and genotype agreement (91.8%) for the new method compared to the results of genotyping conducted using phylogenetic analysis of viral sequences of the C terminus of the N gene. In addition, the microarray demonstrated the ability to identify potential new genotypes of MV based on the similarity of their hybridization patterns with those of known MV genotypes.
Data mining approach to temporal debugging of embedded streaming applications

One of the greatest challenges in the embedded systems area is to empower software developers with tools that speed up the debugging of QoS properties in applications. Typical streaming applications, such as multimedia (audio/video) decoding, fulfill the QoS properties by respecting the real-time deadlines. A perfectly functional application, when missing these deadlines, may lead to cracks in the sound or perceptible artifacts in the image. We start from the premise that most of the streaming applications that run on embedded systems can be expressed under a data ow model of computation, where the application is represented as a directed graph of the data flowing through computational units called actors. It has been shown that in order to meet real-time constraints the actors should be scheduled in a periodic manner. We exploit this property to propose SATM - a novel approach based on data mining techniques that automatically analyzes execution traces of streaming applications, and discovers significant breaks in the periodicity of actors, as well as potential causes of these breaks. We show on a real use case that our debugging approach can uncover important defects and pinpoint their location to the application developer.
Implementation of personalized situation-aware service

New service concepts of sharing contexts with support for communication on wireless networks are beginning to emerge for mobile devices with diverse embedded sensors. In order to promote services based on sharing contexts in mobile devices, this paper introduces the MoCE (Mobile Context Explorer) architecture. MoCE was designed to support context-based services with context sharing on wireless networks in UTOPIA (Ubiquitous computing TOwn Project: Intelligent context Awareness). The major purpose of this research is to provide a situation-aware environment, known as U-Town, by using sensors and mobile devices currently available to the public. The paper next introduces U-Theme Park service, which is one service in the U-Town environment. U-Theme Park uses MoCE to realize a personalized environment from various sensors.
Robust live unicast video streaming with rateless codes

We consider live unicast video streaming over a packet erasure channel. To protect the transmitted data, previous solutions use forward error correction (FEC), where the channel code rate is fixed in advance according to an estimation of the packet loss rate. However, these solutions are inefficient under dynamic and unpredictable channel conditions because of the mismatch between the estimated packet loss rate and the actual one. We introduce a new approach based on rateless codes and receiver feedback. For every source block, the sender keeps on transmitting the encoded symbols until it receives an acknowledgment from the receiver indicating that the block was decoded successfully. Within this framework, we provide an efficient algorithm to minimize bandwidth usage while ensuring successful decoding subject to an upper bound on the packet loss rate. Experimental results showed that compared to traditional fixed-rate FEC, our scheme provides significant bandwidth savings for the same playback quality.
A Better Way

thers fly to the camphor or pepper­ mint bottle* on the slightest provoca­ tion. Camphor is the more dangerous drug, but both are capable of de­ stroying life. As generally used, in the form of an alcoholic tincture, their potency is in no wise diminish­ ed, but rather increased by the addition of another poison. Peppermint oil, from which the essence is made, is a.powerful stimu­ lant, and its capacity for harm is by no means inconsiderable. Ulceration of the stomach has been induced by it, and many diseases have followed its habitual use. Camphor is a poisonous gum-resin, capable of readily inducing great nervous irritation. When taken in small doses it has much the effect of alcohol or opium. In large doses it occasions spasms and death. In any appreciable amount it irritates the mucus membrane of the stomach, and leads to constipation and ulceration. Even a few doses of this drug may lead to incurable dyspepsia. Yet thousands of families fly to the cam­ phor-bottle for relief from evenC variety of pain. It were a thousand times better that every camphor bottle in the land should be broken rather than that its contents should be indiscriminately employed. The potent drug ought never to be administered internally,, except by a competent person, fami­ liar with its power. It would be a good thing if mothers could learn to defend upon water— cold, tepid or hot—to relieve a very large percentage of all bodily pain. There is nothing so innocent; nothing so effectual. Copious draughts of very hot water, aided, if need be, by hot water enemas, and hot water externally applied, will speedily re­ lieve nine cases of colic in ten. Cold water is the mpst powerful local anaesthetic known. The pain of a sprained limb is quickly relieved by ice-cold water. The terrible pangs of whitlow or felon are cut short by intense heat. A large proportion of all cramps and spasms may be reliev­ ed by water of proper temperature and intelligently applied. We need a school for the education of doctors and nurses up to a moderate compre­ hension of the advantages of water, as an agent for the relief of every day aches and pains, whether slight or severe.
Evidence for Unintentional Emotional Contagion Beyond Dyads

Little is known about the spread of emotions beyond dyads. Yet, it is of importance for explaining the emergence of crowd behaviors. Here, we experimentally addressed whether emotional homogeneity within a crowd might result from a cascade of local emotional transmissions where the perception of another’s emotional expression produces, in the observer's face and body, sufficient information to allow for the transmission of the emotion to a third party. We reproduced a minimal element of a crowd situation and recorded the facial electromyographic activity and the skin conductance response of an individual C observing the face of an individual B watching an individual A displaying either joy or fear full body expressions. Critically, individual B did not know that she was being watched. We show that emotions of joy and fear displayed by A were spontaneously transmitted to C through B, even when the emotional information available in B’s faces could not be explicitly recognized. These findings demonstrate that one is tuned to react to others’ emotional signals and to unintentionally produce subtle but sufficient emotional cues to induce emotional states in others. This phenomenon could be the mark of a spontaneous cooperative behavior whose function is to communicate survival-value information to conspecifics.
Combining vocal tract length normalization with hierarchial linear transformations

Recent research has demonstrated the effectiveness of vocal tract length normalization (VTLN) as a rapid adaptation technique for statistical parametric speech synthesis. VTLN produces speech with naturalness preferable to that of MLLR-based adaptation techniques, being much closer in quality to that generated by the original average voice model. However with only a single parameter, VTLN captures very few speaker specific characteristics when compared to linear transform based adaptation techniques. This paper proposes that the merits of VTLN can be combined with those of linear transform based adaptation in a hierarchial Bayesian framework, where VTLN is used as the prior information. A novel technique for propagating the gender information from the VTLN prior through constrained structural maximum a posteriori linear regression (CSMAPLR) adaptation is presented. Experiments show that the resulting transformation has improved speech quality with better naturalness, intelligibility and improved speaker similarity.
Comparison of the Impact of Word Segmentation on Name Tagging for Chinese and Japanese

Word Segmentation is usually considered an essential step for many Chinese and Japanese Natural Language Processing tasks, such as name tagging. This paper presents several new observations and analysis on the impact of word segmentation on name tagging; (1). Due to the limitation of current state-of-the-art Chinese word segmentation performance, a character-based name tagger can outperform its word-based counterparts for Chinese but not for Japanese; (2). It is crucial to keep segmentation settings (e.g. definitions, specifications, methods) consistent between training and testing for name tagging; (3). As long as (2) is ensured, the performance of word segmentation does not have appreciable impact on Chinese and Japanese name tagging.
The EC-HOME Across Five National Data Sets in the 3rd to 5th Year of Life

Objective. We developed conceptually based alternatives to the original subscales of the Early Childhood Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory (EC-HOME), which were created using factor analysis. The reliability and validity of the new subscales was tested using 5 large data sets that include young children whose home environment was assessed with the EC-HOME. Design. In each data set, subscales were generated via a priori reasoning, but were required to meet minimal standards of reliability. Subscales' composition and psychometric properties were compared across data sets. To assess the subscales' predictive validity, bivariate and partial correlations were computed between scores at age 3 and cognitive and behavioral outcomes measured up to 2 years later. Results. Similar subscales emerged across data sets. The subscales that best predicted cognition and behavior were Learning Stimulation and Access to Reading. Conclusions. Conceptually driven subscales pose a viable alternative to the original subscales, and may provide more precise information about pathways of influence from the home environment to early cognition and behavior among young children.
Ethnicity, Ethnocentrism, and the Matthean Ethnos

In the light of the horrors of war and ethnic conflict, ethnicity has become a subject of increasing scholarly investigation, which now includes the field of religion and the Bible. I begin by surveying and commenting on important studies on ethnicity in Matthew by David Sim and John Riches. Then I offer a brief overview of ethnicity theory and create a simple model of ethnicity. After exploring the model linguistically and conceptually with literature from antiquity, I show how modern ethnicity studies can offer insights into ethnicity in Matthew and in particular how priestly voluntary associations called ethnē might help to interpret the special fruit-bearing ethnos of Matthew 21:43 in terms of an alternative leadership to the priests of Jerusalem.
Transcription factor abundance controlled by an auto-regulatory mechanism involving a transcription start site switch

A transcriptional feedback loop is the simplest and most direct means for a transcription factor to provide an increased stability of gene expression. In this work performed in human cells, we reveal a new negative auto-regulatory mechanism involving an alternative transcription start site (TSS) usage. Using the activating transcription factor ZNF143 as a model, we show that the ZNF143 low-affinity binding sites, located downstream of its canonical TSS, play the role of protein sensors to induce the up- or down-regulation of ZNF143 gene expression. We uncovered that the TSS switch that mediates this regulation implies the differential expression of two transcripts with an opposite protein production ability due to their different 5′ untranslated regions. Moreover, our analysis of the ENCODE data suggests that this mechanism could be used by other transcription factors to rapidly respond to their own aberrant expression level.
An analysis of X-Y table performance via input shaping

In industrial applications, vibration due to an undesirable non-linearities of a system such as friction causes a degradation of contouring performance in CNC machine. In this paper, an analysis of X-Y table performance for a class of CNC system is carried out with the existence of friction. An input shaping is used to minimize the effect of vibration and a PID controller is used to achieve the desired performance of X-Y table. The systems is configured to follow a varieties of contour profile to evaluate the system performance. The result shows that the input shaping can greatly reduce the vibration of the system.
A real-time software platform for the Cell processor

Scalability, efficiency, and programmability are essential for using the cell processor in consumer electronics. A real-time resource scheduler virtualizes the processor cores and ensures the application of real-time constraints at the system level. These features let the platform control resource usage and help exploit the power management features implemented in the cell processor.
Some aspects of narrative method

The idea of abstracting and/or generalising the structure of a narrative (i.e. a set of weakly connected human actions) using a mapping rule which creates either a tolerance (a symmetric reflexive relationship) or an equivalence on the domain set is explored. The paper is an extension of earlier work by the author. A detailed example of the use of narrative analysis is provided which links the analysis into a game‐theoretic context. … for each of us is a biography, a story. Each of us is a singular narrative, which is constructed, continually, unconsciously, by, through, and in us—through our perceptions, our feelings, our thoughts, our actions; and not least, our discourse, our spoken narrations. Biologically, physiologically, we are not so different from each other; historically, as narratives—we are each of us unique. To be ourselves we must have ourselves—possess, if needs be re‐possess, our life stories. We must “recollect” ourselves, recollect the inner drama, the narrative of ourselves. A man needs.
Bottom-Up Synthesis and Sensor Applications of Biomimetic Nanostructures

The combination of nanotechnology, biology, and bioengineering greatly improved the developments of nanomaterials with unique functions and properties. Biomolecules as the nanoscale building blocks play very important roles for the final formation of functional nanostructures. Many kinds of novel nanostructures have been created by using the bioinspired self-assembly and subsequent binding with various nanoparticles. In this review, we summarized the studies on the fabrications and sensor applications of biomimetic nanostructures. The strategies for creating different bottom-up nanostructures by using biomolecules like DNA, protein, peptide, and virus, as well as microorganisms like bacteria and plant leaf are introduced. In addition, the potential applications of the synthesized biomimetic nanostructures for colorimetry, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, electrical resistance, electrochemistry, and quartz crystal microbalance sensors are presented. This review will promote the understanding of relationships between biomolecules/microorganisms and functional nanomaterials in one way, and in another way it will guide the design and synthesis of biomimetic nanomaterials with unique properties in the future.
Virtual EZ Grid: A Volunteer Computing Infrastructure for Scientific Medical Applications

This paper presents the Virtual EZ Grid project, based on the XtremWeb-CH (XWCH) volunteer computing platform The goal of the project is to introduce a flexible distributed computing system, with (i) a non-trivial number of computing resources infrastructure from various institutes, (ii) a stable platform that manages these computing resources and provides advanced interfaces for applications, and (iii) a set of applications that take benefit of the platform This paper concentrates on the application support of the new version of XWCH, and describes how a medical image application MedGIFT utilises it.