Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The T-SR junction in contracting single skeletal muscle fibers

The junction between the T system and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of frog skeletal muscle was examined in resting and contracting muscles. Pillars, defined as pairs of electron-opaque lines bounding an electron- lucent interior, were seen spanning the gap between T membrane and SR. Feet, defined previously in images of heavily stained preparations, appear with electron-opaque interiors and as such are distinct from the pillars studied here. Amorphous material was often present in the gap between T membrane and SR. Sometimes the amorphous material appeared as a thin line parallel to the membranes; sometimes it seemed loosely organized at the sites where feet have been reported. Resting single fibers contained 39 +/- 14.3 (mean +/- SD; n = 9 fibers) pillars/micrometer2 of tubule membrane. Single fibers, activated by a potassium-rich solution at 4 degrees C, contained 66 +/- 12.9 pillars/micrometer2 (n = 8) but fibers contracting in response to 2 mM caffeine contained 33 +/- 8.6/micrometer2 (n = 5). Pillar formation occurs when fibers are activated electrically, but not when calcium is released directly from the SR; and so we postulate that pillar formation is a step in excitation-contraction coupling.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Therapeutic Collaboration Scale (TCS)

The development of appropriately normed Spanish-language assessments is a necessity as a result of (1) a growing Latino population in need of behavioral health services and (2) a limited number of linguistically and culturally sensitive instruments that are currently available. As part of a broader assessment on the needs and satisfaction with services received, 103 Latina women completed the Therapeutic Collaboration Scale (TCS). This measure attained a substantial internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha =.94) and good convergent validity with another instrument that also assessed the therapeutic relationship named the Therapeutic Alliance with Clinician (r = .71, p < .05). A principal component analysis evidenced one component underlying the TCS, which further confirmed the unidimensionality of this instrument. This measure achieved a good correlation with an instrument assessing the participants’ satisfaction with services (SWS, r = .44, p < .05). Conclusions and implications of this study are presented in this article.
An abstract machine for CLP(R)

An abstract machine is described for the CLP(<inline-equation> <f><sc>R</sc></f> </inline-equation>) programming language. It is intended as a first step toward enabling CLP(<inline-equation> <f><sc>R</sc></f> </inline-equation>) programs to be executed with efficiency approaching that of conventional languages. The core Constraint Logic Arithmetic Machine (CLAM) extends the Warren Abstract Machine (WAM) for compiling Prolog with facilities for handling real arithmetic constraints. The full CLAM includes facilities for taking advantage of information obtained from global program analysis.
Predicting User Annoyance Using Visual Attributes

Computer Vision algorithms make mistakes. In human-centric applications, some mistakes are more annoying to users than others. In order to design algorithms that minimize the annoyance to users, we need access to an annoyance or cost matrix that holds the annoyance of each type of mistake. Such matrices are not readily available, especially for a wide gamut of human-centric applications where annoyance is tied closely to human perception. To avoid having to conduct extensive user studies to gather the annoyance matrix for all possible mistakes, we propose predicting the annoyance of previously unseen mistakes by learning from example mistakes and their corresponding annoyance. We promote the use of attribute-based representations to transfer this knowledge of annoyance. Our experimental results with faces and scenes demonstrate that our approach can predict annoyance more accurately than baselines. We show that as a result, our approach makes less annoying mistakes in a real-world image retrieval application.
A new idea of effective cooling of integrated circuits

The purpose of this paper is the thermal analysis of the structure consisting of integrated circuit, heat sink, additional temperature sensor and active fan in which the power dissipation is used as the control parameter to get both maximum throughput of a microprocessor and energy saving. It focuses on adjustment of convection coefficient (in other word adjustment of fan rotation speed) at heat sink level with respect to the amount of power dissipated by the chip and environmental circumstances. The duality between electrical and thermal parameters enables to model the RC thermal network of the structure. Therefore, the dynamic thermal behaviour of the integrated system is investigated by utilizing the RC compact model, which is implemented in Spice environment. The simulation result indicates the case of short temperature peak whenever the power dissipation changes. The benefit of this approach is the rapid removal of internal chip energy accumulation due to the adjustment of fan speed. Consequently the cooling system's energy consumption can be minimized, what enhances reliability and efficiency of integrated circuit.
Emotion: A Classification of Current Literature

337 abstracts listed in a computer search of the Psychological Abstracts for January 1979 to February 1983 as instances of the descriptor “emotion” were analyzed in terms of source, type, length, and content of the document abstracted. Relatively large numbers of abstracts of dissertations (22%) and foreign-language documents (11%) were noted. Content was analyzed in 11 categories based on the history of the area (Psychoanalysis, Physiology, Cognition, Learning, Development, Structure, Pathology, Comparative, Communication, Personality, and Attribution). The category of Pathology contained the largest number of documents (25%) and the Comparative category, the smallest (2%). Samples of the literature in each category are presented, and problems inherent in any unique definition of “emotion” are discussed.
Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Punica Granatum Peel Extracts Against Oral Pathogens

Objective: Punica granatum has been used for many years in folk medicine due to several purposes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of methanolic extract of Punica granatum peel (MEPGP) against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actynomyces viscosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Candida albicans. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, the mentioned oral organisms were cultured in blood agar and mueller-hinton media and then paper disks containing MEPGP at concentrations of 4 mg/ml, 8 mg/ml and 12 mg/ml were inserted on medias. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by agar disk diffusion method. The effects of three different concentrations of MEPGP against microorganisms were compared using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results: All concentrations of MEPGP had antibacterial activity against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Only at concentration of 8 mg/ml and 12 mg/ml MEPGP was effective against L. acidophilus, S. mutans and S. salivarius. Furthermore; no concentrations of MEPGP inhibited A. viscosus and C. albicans. Conclusion: This study suggests that MEPGP might be used as an antibacterial agent in controlling oral infections.
Improved Semi-Parametric Mean Trajectory Model Using Discriminatively Trained Centroids

In order to alleviate the limitation of "state output probability conditional independence" assumption held by Hidden Markov models (HMMs) in speech recognition, a discriminative semi-parametric trajectory model was proposed in recent years, in which both means and variances in the acoustic models are modeled as time-varying variables. The time- varying information is modeled as a weighted contribution from all the "centroids", which can be viewed as the representation of the acoustic space. In previous literatures, such centroids are often obtained by clustering the Gaussians in the baseline acoustic models to some reasonable number or by training a baseline model with fewer Gaussian components. The centroids obtained in this way are maximum likelihood estimation of the acoustic space, which are relatively weak in discriminability compared to the discriminatively trained acoustic models. In this paper, we proposed an improved semi-parametric mean trajectory model training framework, in which the centroids are first discriminatively trained by minimum phone error criterion to provide a more discriminative representation of the acoustic space. This method was evaluated on the Mandarin digit string recognition task. The experimental result shows that our proposed method improves the recognition performance by a relative string error rate reduction of 7.5% compared to the traditional discriminative semi-parametric trajectory model, and it outperforms the baseline acoustic model trained with maximum likelihood criterion by a relative string error rate reduction of 28.6%.
Three careful owners: Divergent methodologies and shifting critical perceptions of the Hull Truck Theatre Company

Abstract The Hull Truck Theatre Company is one of the longest surviving theatre companies in England. Writers of overviews of contemporary theatre have variously (and briefly) located the company's work in traditions and discourses ranging from the counter-cultural, through the political and popular to the mainstream. This paper examines the contrasting methodologies of the company's three artistic directors and suggests justifications for this perceived mutability. The paper draws on the author's recent interviews with the directors, the administrator of the company and doctoral thesis material.
Unlearning gender blindness: new directions in management education

This paper argues that business and management schools continue to operate a gender blind approach (or at best gender neutral) to management education, management research and the development of management theory. This echoes a pattern repeated in the practice of management, which closes down and inhibits opportunities for management to be “done differently” and for organisations to be different. Reflecting on the author's experiences within two business schools and on their empirical research carried out over six years, the paper provides substantive arguments for the authors' position relating to the masculine nature of management, the place of academic women in management, the male dominated processes of management education and management research and the need to place gender on the agenda in management education. The paper concludes with a call for an “unlearning” and a “rethinking” of gender blind management education and provides some examples of how this might be achieved.
1-Aminobenzotriazole Modulates Oral Drug Pharmacokinetics through Cytochrome P450 Inhibition and Delay of Gastric Emptying in Rats

The simultaneous effects of the cytochrome P450 inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) on inhibition of in vivo metabolism and gastric emptying were evaluated with the test compound 7-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-3-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[5,1-b]oxazole(NVS-CRF38), a novel corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRF1) antagonist with low water solubility, and the reference compound midazolam with high water solubility in rats. Pretreatment of rats with 100 mg/kg oral ABT administered 2 hours before a semisolid caloric test meal markedly delayed gastric emptying. ABT increased stomach weights by 2-fold; this is likely attributable to a prosecretory effect because stomach concentrations of bilirubin were comparable in ABT and control groups. ABT administration decreased the initial systemic exposure of orally administered NVS-CRF38 and increased Tmax 40-fold, suggesting gastric retention and delayed oral absorption. ABT increased the initial systemic exposure of midazolam, however for orally (but not subcutaneously) administered midazolam, extensive variability in plasma-concentration time profiles was apparent. Careful selection of administration routes is recommended for ABT use in vivo, variable oral absorption of coadministered compounds can be expected due to a disturbance of gastrointestinal transit.
State Feedback Impulse Elimination for Singular Systems over a Hermite Domain

We reduce the problem of impulse elimination via state feedback in singular differential equations to algebra. Our results are developed for systems over an arbitrary Hermite domain. We show that the established theories for the time-invariant and the real analytic time-varying settings can be unified in this way. Besides the constant and real analytic functions, several other function rings are considered. Our algebraic theory is applied to these cases, providing solutions to the impulse elimination problem for classes of systems not previously studied. In particular, our work allows the restriction of the feedback matrix to certain function rings
The Juncture of Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Knowledge: Self-Certainty and Interpersonal Congruence

It is proposed that when targets are especially certain of their self-views, their interaction partners will be especially likely to develop impressions of them that are consistent with these self-views. Two studies supported this prediction by demonstrating that, for self-views about which targets were highly certain, targets received self-consistent interpersonal appraisals. In contrast, in areas in which the same targets were relatively uncertain of their self-views, the appraisals they received were only weakly related to their self-views. This difference held for judgments of both valenced and nonvalenced traits and for judgments made by both poorly and well-acquainted raters. Potential mediators of interpersonal congruence are discussed, along with the implications of these findings for the accuracy of social perception and for the role of belief investment in self-concept maintenance.
Method Boundness among Zoo and Park Educators.

SUMMARY A national survey of 131 park and zoo educators' teaching beliefs was conducted in 14 parks and zoos in the US in 1996 by The Ohio State University Extension. The survey included two primary instruments. The Van Tilburg/Heimlich Teaching Beliefs Scale and a self‐report time on task and importance of task related to teaching methods and techniques. A third series of questions explored teaching purposes. The Van Tilburg/Heimlich Teaching Beliefs Scale is a psychometric instrument containing two parallel Thurston equal‐appearing interval scales. Outcomes are graphed into a two by two matrix using the concepts of ‘sensitivity’ and ‘inclusion’. Developed with a theoretical base of adult education, these scales apply well to nonformal environmental educators. An operational hypothesis for the study, which was corroborated by the data, was that a preponderance of respondents would self‐identify their beliefs to be those of ‘Enabler’ – low control, high inclusion. The application of beliefs to practice, h.
Multiresolutional region-based segmentation scheme for stereoscopic image compression

Stereoscopic image sequence transmission over existing monocular digital transmission channels, without seriously affecting the quality of one of the image streams, requires a very low bit-rate coding of the additional stream. Fixed block-size based disparity estimation schemes cannot achieve such low bit-rates without causing severe edge artifacts. Also, textureless regions lead to spurious matches which hampers the efficient coding of block disparities. In this paper, we propose a novel disparity-based segmentation approach, to achieve an efficient partition of the image into regions of more or less fixed disparity. The partitions are edge based, in order to minimize the edge artifacts after disparity compensation. The scheme leads to disparity discontinuity preserving, yet smoother and more accurate disparity fields than fixed block-size based schemes. The smoothness and the reduced number of block disparities lead to efficient coding of one image of a stereo pair given the other. The segmentation is achieved by performing a quadtree decomposition, with the disparity compensated error as the splitting criterion. The multiresolutional recursive decomposition offers a computationally efficient and non-iterative means of improving the disparity estimates while preserving the disparity discontinuities. The segmented regions can be tracked temporally to achieve very high compression ratios on a stereoscopic image stream.
Semidefinite Programming

In semidefinite programming, one minimizes a linear function subject to the constraint that an affine combination of symmetric matrices is positive semidefinite. Such a constraint is nonlinear and nonsmooth, but convex, so semidefinite programs are convex optimization problems. Semidefinite programming unifies several standard problems (e.g., linear and quadratic programming) and finds many applications in engineering and combinatorial optimization. Although semidefinite programs are much more general than linear programs, they are not much harder to solve. Most interior-point methods for linear programming have been generalized to semidefinite programs. As in linear programming, these methods have polynomial worst-case complexity and perform very well in practice. This paper gives a survey of the theory and applications of semidefinite programs and an introduction to primaldual interior-point methods for their solution.
Privacy preserving fuzzy co-clustering with distributed cooccurrence matrices

Privacy preserving data mining is a promising topic for utilizing various personal information without fear of information leaks. Fuzzy co-clustering is a fundamental technique for summarizing mutual cooccurrence information among objects and items, and has been demonstrated to be useful in such applications as document analysis and collaborative filtering. In this paper, a secure framework for privacy preserving fuzzy co-clustering is proposed for handling both vertically and horizontally distributed cooccurrence matrices. Personal observation stored in each site is summarized into co-cluster structures with an encryption operation. The advantage of utilizing distributed cooccurrence matrices is demonstrated in several numerical experiments.
A Review of Tobacco, Alcohol, Adiposity, and Activity as Predictors of Cognitive Change

The global population is now aging rapidly, and cognitive impairment and dementia will be associated with increased disease burden worldwide. Recent research efforts have been directed at identifying risk and protective factors in both middle and late life in order to identify potential preventive interventions. Evidence from recent reviews indicates that modifiable risk factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, adiposity, and activities have significant impacts on cognitive function and dementia. However, it is not clear how these risk factors might influence within-person cognitive changes or rates of cognitive decline. We searched Medline and PsycINFO for prospective studies examining the effects of baseline and within-person changes in drinking, smoking, activity level, and adiposity on either cognitive functioning or cognitive changes. Because of the heterogeneity in methodology, a narrative review was used to summarize the findings. Forty-nine studies were found to be relevant to the current review—10 on smoking, 5 on adiposity, 12 on drinking, and 22 on activity level. This review found that smoking in general increased the rate of memory decline but not decline in language or visuospatial reasoning abilities. No consistent relationship between adiposity and change in global cognitive functioning could be found, regardless of whether adiposity was measured in mid-life or late life. Moderate alcohol consumption was shown to slow down decline in global cognitive functioning but not in specific domains. Finally, an active lifestyle physically, cognitively, and socially appeared to offer the most promise of slowing decline in global cognitive functioning, memory, and perceptual speed. Intervention programs targeted at modifying these lifestyle factors may have the potential of improving physical, mental, and cognitive health of our aging population, as well as enhancing overall quality of life.
The PIP2 binding mode of the C2 domains of rabphilin‐3A

Phosphatidylinositol‐4,5‐bisphosphate (PIP2) is a key player in the neurotransmitter release process. Rabphilin‐3A is a neuronal C2 domain tandem containing protein that is involved in this process. Both its C2 domains (C2A and C2B) are able to bind PIP2. The investigation of the interactions of the two C2 domains with the PIP2 headgroup IP3 (inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate) by NMR showed that a well‐defined binding site can be described on the concave surface of each domain. The binding modes of the two domains are different. The binding of IP3 to the C2A domain is strongly enhanced by Ca2+ and is characterized by a KD of 55 μM in the presence of a saturating concentration of Ca2+ (5 mM). Reciprocally, the binding of IP3 increases the apparent Ca2+‐binding affinity of the C2A domain in agreement with a Target‐Activated Messenger Affinity (TAMA) mechanism. The C2B domain binds IP3 in a Ca2+‐independent fashion with low affinity. These different PIP2 headgroup recognition modes suggest that PIP2 is a target of the C2A domain of rabphilin‐3A while this phospholipid is an effector of the C2B domain.
Hyperhomocystinemia Impairs Endothelial Function and eNOS Activity via PKC Activation

Objective—A risk factor for cardiovascular disease, hyperhomocystinemia (HHcy), is associated with endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we examined the mechanistic role of HHcy in endothelial dysfunction. Methods and Results—Through the use of 2 functional models, aortic rings and intravital video microscopy of the cremaster, we found that arterial relaxation in response to the endothelium-dependent vessel relaxant, acetylcholine or the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activator (A23187), was significantly impaired in cystathionine β-synthase null (CBS−/−) mice. However, the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) response to the nitric oxide (NO) donor (SNAP) was preserved in CBS−/− mice. In addition, superoxide dismutase and catalase failed to restore endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity was significantly reduced in mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) of CBS−/− mice, as well as in Hcy-treated mouse and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Hcy-mediated eNOS inhibition—which was not rescued by adenoviral transduction of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, or by tetrahydrobiopterin, sepiapterin, and arginine supplementations in MAEC—was associated with decreased protein expression and increased threonine 495 phosphorylation of eNOS in HAECs. Ultimately, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, GF109203X (GFX), reversed Hcy-mediated eNOS inactivation and threonine 495 phosphorylation in HAECs. Conclusions—These data suggest that HHcy impairs endothelial function and eNOS activity, primarily through PKC activation.