Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capitalist Response to State Intervention: Theories of the State and Political Finance in the New Deal

Three theories of the state -"corporate liberal," "hegemonic competition," and "state autonomy" offer different explanations for capitalist involvement in the New Deal coalition. I evaluate these three theoretical explanations by examining the contributions to the U.S. presidential campaign of 1936 made by three segments of the capitalist class: members of wealthy capitalist families, corporate elites, and members of the "inner circle" of interlocking directors. Find that although one out of three capitalists contributed to the presidential campaign, only one out of 12 contributed to the Democratic party. Members of the inner circle and corporate elites were more likely to contribute to the Republican party than were members of capitalist families. Members of southern and Jewish capitalist families were among the major contributors to the Democratic party. Finally, corporate elites from regulated industries were less likely than were those from other industries to contribute to the Republican party. These results provide some confirmation of "state autonomy" theory and partial confirmation of certain elements of "corporate liberal" theory. However, they suggest modification of the "hegemonic competition" theory.
Privacy-preserving Ontology Matching

Increasingly, there is a recognized need for secure information sharing. In order to implement information sharing between diverse organizations, we need privacypreserving interoperation systems. In this work, we describe two frameworks for privacy-preserving interoperation systems. Ontology matching is an indispensable component of interoperation systems. To implement privacy-preserving interoperation systems, we need privacy-preserving ontology matching algorithms. In this paper, we outline frameworks for privacy-preserving ontology matching and discuss the privacy implications of the frameworks.
Factors Impeding School Connectedness: A Case Study

The Department of Education in South Africa has adopted the concept of whole school development in the delivery of basic education. Social connectedness in the school environment is central to this concept and is protective of mental well-being and can contribute to reducing high risk behaviour in adolescents. The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of factors impeding school connectedness in a public South African school as a case study, with the view to making recommendations for interventions for school connectedness. The study utilised an ecological perspective. In gauging participants' perceptions of factors that impede school social connectedness, four focus groups with Grade 10 learners and seven individual interviews with teachers and managers, were conducted. Factors impeding school connectedness at the community school management level were education policies, management practices and discipline strategies. Education policies were viewed as non-reflective of the diversity of South African schools. “Top-Down” Management practices were viewed as creating communication barriers, and discipline strategies were viewed as contributing to deviance. At the interpersonal level, peer pressure to belong to groups where learners resist school regulations were highlighted. It also emerged that adolescents are more likely to seek help for interpersonal problems or issues from informal sources such as peers and family. At the intrapersonal level self-regulation skills, emotional competence and a positive future orientation were reportedly poorly developed amongst learners and attributed to poor discipline and a lack of warmth at home, a focus on academics and assessment at school and perceptions of limited post-school opportunities. Key recommendations include the formation of a school liaison group to promote policies and management practices; building protective peer networks, and programmes to develop emotional competence, self-regulation skills and a sense of positive future orientation.
Validating a Measure of Work Stress for Correctional Staff

The purpose of this study is to examine the structure of a measure of work stress. More specifically, the research investigated whether six items properly identified a latent measure of work stress for correctional staff. Using data from a nonrandom sample of correctional staff, the results of the structural equation model analysis supported the view that the six items form one latent construct. The implications of these results are presented as well.
The cellular basis of pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Myocyte cell loss and myocyte cellular reactive hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND Rapid ventricular pacing leads to a cardiac myopathy consisting of an increase in chamber dimension, mural thinning, elevation in ventricular wall stress, and congestive heart failure, mimicking dilated cardiomyopathy in humans. However, contrasting results have been obtained concerning the mechanisms of ventricular dilation and the existence of myocardial hypertrophy. Moreover, questions have been raised regarding the occurrence of myocardial damage and cell loss in the development of the experimental myopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS The functional and structural characteristics of the heart were studied in conscious dogs subjected to left ventricular pacing at 210 beats per minute for 3 weeks and 240 beats per minute for an additional week. At the time the animals were killed, measurements of myocardial structural integrity and myocyte shape, size, and number were determined by morphometric analysis of the myocardium in situ and enzymatically dissociated cells. The experimental protocol used was associated with overt cardiac failure documented by an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and a decrease in left ventricular systolic pressure and +dP/dt in combination with tachycardia, ascites, and pulmonary congestion. Although cardiac weights were not altered, cavitary diameter was increased and wall thickness was decreased from the base to the apex of the heart. Multiple foci of replacement fibrosis, comprising 6% of the myocardium, were detected across the left ventricular wall. Measurements of myocyte size and number documented a 39% loss of cells in the entire ventricle and a 61% increase in volume of the remaining viable myocytes. Myocyte hypertrophy was characterized by a 33% increase in cell length and a 23% increase in transverse area, resulting in a 23% increase in the cell length-to-cell diameter ratio. Pacing did not alter the relative proportion of mononucleated, binucleated, and multinucleated myocytes in the myocardium. CONCLUSIONS Myocyte cell loss and myocyte reactive hypertrophy are the major components of ventricular remodeling in pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.
Molecular Breeding Strategy and Challenges Towards Improvement of Blast Disease Resistance in Rice Crop

Rice is a staple and most important security food crop consumed by almost half of the world’s population. More rice production is needed due to the rapid population growth in the world. Rice blast caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive diseases of this crop in different part of the world. Breakdown of blast resistance is the major cause of yield instability in several rice growing areas. There is a need to develop strategies providing long-lasting disease resistance against a broad spectrum of pathogens, giving protection for a long time over a broad geographic area, promising for sustainable rice production in the future. So far, molecular breeding approaches involving DNA markers, such as QTL mapping, marker-aided selection, gene pyramiding, allele mining and genetic transformation have been used to develop new resistant rice cultivars. Such techniques now are used as a low-cost, high-throughput alternative to conventional methods allowing rapid introgression of disease resistance genes into susceptible varieties as well as the incorporation of multiple genes into individual lines for more durable blast resistance. The paper briefly reviewed the progress of studies on this aspect to provide the interest information for rice disease resistance breeding. This review includes examples of how advanced molecular method have been used in breeding programs for improving blast resistance. New information and knowledge gained from previous research on the recent strategy and challenges towards improvement of blast disease such as pyramiding disease resistance gene for creating new rice varieties with high resistance against multiple diseases will undoubtedly provide new insights into the rice disease control.
Image annotation by leveraging the social context

We purpose a system that can semi-automatically generate ontology-based annotations for a social network by leveraging the annotations provided by the most active user (also known as the central actor). Social context of an image is of central importance in our approach towards semantic semi-automatic annotation. For the context of an image, we consider several factors like geo-reference, time and relationship among actors in social networks. Our system leverages the context, which is automatically available along with the image. We have also extended Social Network Analysis techniques by considering the granularity of relationships among actors under consideration. In this paper a semantic web framework is used to represent the social network and to deal with the diversity of relationships. OntoCAIM ontology is developed which not only encompasses Social Network Analysis functionality but also defines mechanism to annotate images with an underlying ontology.
Modeling and Manipulation of Amorphous Objects

A light-tight, elongated, hollow tapered wall base to which a slide housing is movably connected. The slide housing includes a light source which produces a light beam which passes through a filter assembly and a lens assembly to the bottom of the base. A photographic transparency is to be mounted within a slide holder which in turn is movably located in a close fitting relationship within a slide receiving station. The slide receiving station is formed within the slide housing between the filter assembly and the lens assembly. Removably connected to the bottom of the base is a photographic print tray assembly. The photographic print tray assembly includes a focusing target. The image projected from the photographic transparency is to be observed on the focusing target by a view port which is formed within the base. At the desired time, the focusing target is to be removed and the projected image utilized to expose an unexposed photographic print which has previously been incorporated within the photographic print tray assembly.
Tissue transglutaminase activity is involved in the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into myelin‐forming oligodendrocytes during CNS remyelination

During normal brain development, axons are myelinated by mature oligodendrocytes (OLGs). Under pathological, demyelinating conditions within the central nervous system (CNS), axonal remyelination is only partially successful because oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) largely remain in an undifferentiated state resulting in a failure to generate myelinating OLGs. Tissue Transglutaminase (TG2) is a multifunctional enzyme, which amongst other functions, is involved in cell differentiation. Therefore, we hypothesized that TG2 contributes to differentiation of OPCs into OLGs and thereby stimulates remyelination. In vivo studies, using the cuprizone model for de‐ and remyelination in TG2−/− and wild‐type mice, showed that during remyelination expression of proteolipid protein mRNA, as a marker for remyelination, in the corpus callosum lags behind in TG2−/− mice resulting in less myelin formation and, moreover, impaired recovery of motor behavior. Subsequent in vitro studies showed that rat OPCs express TG2 protein and activity which reduces when the cells have matured into OLGs. Furthermore, when TG2 activity is pharmacologically inhibited, the differentiation of OPCs into myelin‐forming OLGs is dramatically reduced. We conclude that TG2 plays a prominent role in remyelination of the CNS, probably through stimulating OPC differentiation into myelin‐forming OLGs. Therefore, manipulating TG2 activity may represent an interesting new target for remyelination in demyelinating diseases. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection and molecular characterisation of a diagnosis escape variant associated with occult hepatitis B virus in Brazil

BACKGROUND Many studies have identified mutations in the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as important factors limiting the ability of commercial serological assays to detect this viral antigen. However, an association between mutations in the HBsAg gene and the occurrence of occult HBV infection (OBI) in patients has not been established. OBJECTIVES To detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in patients with anti-HBc as a unique serological marker, a previously published, cost-effective TaqMan-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test with minor groove binding probes was adapted for use in this study. The current study also aimed to investigate HBsAg mutations and genotypes of HBV in OBI at the Viral Hepatitis Ambulatory Clinic in Rio de Janeiro to determine any possible association. METHODS Intra-assay and inter-assay reproducibility were determined, and the mean coefficient of variation values obtained were 2.07 and 3.5, respectively. Probit analysis indicated that the 95% detection level was 25 IU/mL. The prevalence of OBI was investigated in 35 serum samples with an ‘anti-HBc alone’ profile from individuals who attended our clinic between 2011 and 2013. FINDINGS HBV DNA was detected in only one sample, resulting in an OBI rate of 2.9%. Nucleotide sequencing of the pre-S/S region was performed to genotype and analyse mutations within the HBsAg gene of this HBV DNA. The HBV in the OBI case was classified as sub-genotype A1, and a sequence analysis of the small S gene revealed 12 mutations in the major hydrophilic region compared to the consensus A1 sequence. Most of these mutations occurred in amino acid residues that have been reported as clinically relevant because they have been implicated in vaccine escape and/or inability to detect HBsAg by commercial serological assays. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests the importance of specific HBsAg mutations, different from those in D, B, and C genotypes, in sub-genotype A1 HBV associated with OBI.
A Programming Model for Distributed Content-Based Image Retrieval

With the growth of digital contents, content-based image retrieval becomes important. The huge amount of computation can be solved by distributed computing. However, to design a distributed algorithm and program it with cross-platform capability is difficult. We present a programming model which is based on list data processing, and it can be transparently executed in a distributed environment with some auxiliary tools. This model allows us to explicitly specify the parallelism without special language support, such as new reserved keywords or new directives. Although this approach may introduce non- trivial overhead in some aspects, it can be used to write a distributed program using a conventional (and of en sequential) language.
A Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier with Harmonic Suppression

In this paper, the design and implementation of the broadband, Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with 2 and 3 harmonics suppression, with theoretical analysis is presented. In the proposed structure a novel harmonic suppressed Wilkinson power divider used in DPA, which results in harmonic suppression with high level of attenuation. Moreover the proposed DPA has major advantages in terms of the linearity and works on a wideband frequency range (2.1 – 2.7 GHz) with minimum 40% drain efficiency (DE). The linearity of the proposed DPA is increased extremely, which significant improvement (7 dBm) is achieved from the main amplifier. In the proposed DPA, the main and the auxiliary amplifiers are implemented using Class-AB and Class -C topology respectively with equal MRF6S27015N MOTOROLA transistors in LDMOS technology.
Teachers' Planning and Preparation for Lesson Plan in the Implementation of Form 4 Physical Education Curriculum for the Physical Fitness Strand.

This article is related to the study of lesson planning prepared by secondary school Physical Education teachers in the Gombak district. Findings of the study show that Physical Education teachers have prepared lesson plans at satisfactory level (M = 4.13; SD = 0.79). All elements within the lesson planning components achieved high mean scores. The elements include topic of lesson (M = 4.50; SD = .65); sub topics (M = 4.28; SD =.81); lesson objectives (M = 4.36; SD = .69); preparation of teaching materials (M = 4.08; SD = .88); reflection (M = 4.37; SD =.70); and teaching activities (M = 4.00; SD = .82). It was also found that teaching activities planned by teachers consisted of set induction, warming up, demonstration by teacher and students, class exercises, group exercises, simple games, stretching or recovery, questioning or discussion, assessment and tasking. On the whole, the aspects of planning and preparation among Physical Education teachers towards lesson planning components were more inclined toward the element of teaching topics.
A Linear Hybrid Automata Model for Component-Based Analysis of Hierarchical Scheduling Systems

Formal methods (e.g. Timed Automata or Linear Hybrid Automata) can be used to analyse a real-time system by performing a reachability analysis on the model. The advantage of using formal methods is that they are more expressive than classical analytic models used in schedulability analysis. For example, it is possible to express state-dependent behaviour, arbitrary activation patterns, etc. In this paper we use the formalism of Linear Hybrid Automata to encode a hierarchical scheduling system. In particular, we model a dynamic server algorithm and the tasks contained within, abstracting away the rest of the system, thus enabling component-based scheduling analysis. We prove the correctness of the model and the decidability of the reachability analysis for the case of periodic tasks. Then, we compare the results of our model against classical schedulability analysis techniques, showing that our analysis performs better than analytic methods in terms of resource utilisation. We further present two case studies: a component with state-dependent tasks, and a simplified model of a real avionics system. Finally, through extensive tests with various configurations, we demonstrate that this approach is usable for medium size components.
From textual programming to IEC 61499 artifacts: Towards a model-driven engineering approach for smart grid applications

During the last years the increasing installation of distributed energy resources, electric vehicles bus also energy storage systems has lead to new challenges in terms of power system planning and operation. New intelligent approaches turning power distribution grids into Smart Grids are necessary. For their realization standardized automation, control and communication systems are essential. Moreover, an integrated engineering approach for the development of Smart Grid applications using these standards is equally required. Model-driven engineering methods well known from computer science together with implementation methods from automation domain have the potential to provide the basis for such a required integrated engineering concept. The main aim of this paper therefore is to facilitate the integration of legacy Smart Grid applications into a model-driven engineering approach. It introduces transformation rules for the conversion of applications implemented with textual programming languages into the IEC 61499 reference model. A brief overview of existing model-driven approaches applied in industrial environments is provided and their applicability for Smart Grid application development is discussed. The special requirements of the Smart Grid domain is taken into account by the proposed transformation approach and provided examples.
A Polynomial-Time Dynamic Oracle for Non-Projective Dependency Parsing

The introduction of dynamic oracles has considerably improved the accuracy of greedy transition-based dependency parsers, without sacrificing parsing efficiency. However, this enhancement is limited to projective parsing, and dynamic oracles have not yet been implemented for parsers supporting non-projectivity. In this paper we introduce the first such oracle, for a non-projective parser based on Attardi’s parser. We show that training with this oracle improves parsing accuracy over a conventional (static) oracle on a wide range of datasets.
Nitroglycerin induces late preconditioning against arrhythmias but not stunning in conscious sheep

Objectives. Nitroglycerin, a nitric oxide donor, induces late preconditioning against stunning by short ischemia-reperfusion periods. The study purpose was to assess similar nitroglycerin protection against stunning and arrhythmias produced by prolonged reversible ischemia. Design. Four groups of conscious sheep were studied, control: 12 minutes ischemia and 2 hour reperfusion; late preconditioning: six periods of 5 min ischemia-5 min reperfusion 24 h before 12 min ischemia and late preconditioning with 120 µg/kg and 600 µg/kg nitroglycerin administered instead of the ischemia-reperfusion periods. Results. Although late preconditioning protected against stunning (mean postischemic recovery of wall thickening fraction, control (n=10): 54.8±3.2, late preconditioning (n=9): 74.4±3.0, p<0.01), nitroglycerin 120 µg/kg (n=6) did not reproduce mechanical protection (50.1±3.8), even with a higher concentration of 600 µg/kg (59.1±3.7, n=4). However, nitroglycerin decreased arrhythmia severity index (control: 2.3±0.6, late preconditioning: 0.5±0.4, nitroglycerin 120 µg/kg: 1±0.4 and 600 µg/kg: 0.1±0.1 (p<0.05 vs. control). Conclusions. Nitroglycerin only has a limited late preconditioning protective effect in conscious animals submitted to a reversible prolonged ischemia since it protects against arrhythmias but not against stunning.