Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Food, Love and Meta-Practices: A Study of Everyday Dinner Consumption Among Single Mothers

Purpose – To develop CCT's practice perspective to increase the understanding of the consumption context and thereby of the sociohistoric patterning of consumption. Design/methodology/approach – An ethnographic exploration of how the different practices involved in a consumption situation, like the everyday dinner among single mothers, contextualized consumption. Findings – The chapter concludes that mothering, defined as a meta-practice, dominated the consumption situation and organized the other practices involved. Originality/value – Introducing the concept of meta-practices having a major influence over our consumption and thus a type of practice consumption research should look for.
Pancreatic Cancer: Molecular Characterization, Clonal Evolution and Cancer Stem Cells

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death and is the most lethal of common malignancies with a five-year survival rate of <10%. PDAC arises from different types of non-invasive precursor lesions: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, mucinous cystic neoplasms and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. The genetic landscape of PDAC is characterized by the presence of four frequently-mutated genes: KRAS, CDKN2A, TP53 and SMAD4. The development of mouse models of PDAC has greatly contributed to the understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which driver genes contribute to pancreatic cancer development. Particularly, oncogenic KRAS-driven genetically-engineered mouse models that phenotypically and genetically recapitulate human pancreatic cancer have clarified the mechanisms through which various mutated genes act in neoplasia induction and progression and have led to identifying the possible cellular origin of these neoplasias. Patient-derived xenografts are increasingly used for preclinical studies and for the development of personalized medicine strategies. The studies of the purification and characterization of pancreatic cancer stem cells have suggested that a minority cell population is responsible for initiation and maintenance of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The study of these cells could contribute to the identification and clinical development of more efficacious drug treatments.
Efficient Noninteractive Proof Systems for Bilinear Groups

Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs and non-interactive witnessindistinguishable proofs have played a significant role in the theory of cryptography. However, lack of efficiency has prevented them from being used in practice. One of the roots of this inefficiency is that non-interactive zeroknowledge proofs have been constructed for general NP-complete languages such as Circuit Satisfiability, causing an expensive blowup in the size of the statement when reducing it to a circuit. The contribution of this paper is a general methodology for constructing very simple and efficient non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs and non-interactive witness-indistinguishable proofs that work directly for groups with a bilinear map, without needing a reduction to Circuit Satisfiability. Groups with bilinear maps have enjoyed tremendous success in the field of cryptography in recent years and have been used to construct a plethora of protocols. This paper provides non-interactive witness-indistinguishable proofs and non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that can be used in connection with these protocols. Our goal is to spread the use of non-interactive cryptographic proofs from mainly theoretical purposes to the large class of practical cryptographic protocols based on bilinear groups.
Three-dimensional quantum geometry and black holes

We review some aspects of three-dimensional quantum gravity with emphasis in the ‘CFT → Geometry’ map that follows from the BrownHenneaux conformal algebra. The general solution to the classical equations of motion with anti-de Sitter boundary conditions is displayed. This solution is parametrized by two functions which become Virasoro operators after quantisation. A map from the space of states to the space of classical solutions is exhibited. Some recent proposals to understand the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy are reviewed in this context. The origin of the boundary degrees of freedom arising in 2+1 gravity is analysed in detail using a Hamiltonian Chern-Simons formalism.
Developmentally situated design (DSD): making theoretical knowledge accessible to designers of children's technology

There is a wealth of theoretical knowledge about the developmental abilities and skills of children. However, this knowledge is not readily accessible to designers of interactive products. In this paper, we present the requirements, design and evaluation of developmentally situated design (DSD) cards. DSD cards are a design tool that makes age specific information about children's developing cognitive, physical, social, and emotional abilities readily accessible for designers. Initial requirements were elicited through interviews with design practitioners and students. The cards were evaluated through a design-in-use study in which design students used the cards to address three different design problems. Our analysis of observational notes and post-design interviews revealed how the cards' characteristics enabled different kinds of uses including framing, orienting, inspiring, informing, integrating and constraining. We conclude with a discussion of possible refinements and an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of our approach.
Modeling the mental health workforce in Washington State: using state licensing data to examine provider supply in rural and urban areas.

CONTEXT Ensuring an adequate mental health provider supply in rural and urban areas requires accessible methods of identifying provider types, practice locations, and practice productivity. PURPOSE To identify mental health shortage areas using existing licensing and survey data. METHODS The 1998-1999 Washington State Department of Health files on credentialed health professionals linked with results of a licensure renewal survey, 1990 US Census data, and the results of the 1990-1992 National Comorbidity Survey were used to calculate supply and requirements for mental health services in 2 types of geographic units in Washington state-61 rural and urban core health service areas and 13 larger mental health regions. Both the number of 9 types of mental health professionals and their full-time equivalents (FTEs) per 100,000 population measured supply in the health service areas and mental health regions. FINDINGS Notable shortages of mental health providers existed throughout the state, especially in rural areas. Urban areas had 3 times the psychiatrist FTEs per 100,000 and more than 1.5 times the nonpsychiatrist mental health provider FTEs per 100,000 as rural areas. More than 80% of rural health service areas had at least 10% fewer psychiatrist FTEs and nonpsychiatrist mental health provider FTEs than the state ratio (10.4 FTEs per 100,000 and 306.5 FTEs per 100,000, respectively). Ten of the 13 mental health regions were more than 10% below the state ratio of psychiatrist FTEs per 100,000. CONCLUSIONS States gathering a minimum database at licensure renewal can identify area-specific mental health care shortages for use in program planning.
Integrality Gaps and Approximation Algorithms for Dispersers and Bipartite Expanders

We study the problem of approximating the quality of a disperser. A bipartite graph $G$ on $([N],[M])$ is a $(\rho N,(1-\delta)M)$-disperser if for any subset $S\subseteq [N]$ of size $\rho N$, the neighbor set $\Gamma(S)$ contains at least $(1-\delta)M$ distinct vertices. Our main results are strong integrality gaps in the Lasserre hierarchy and an approximation algorithm for dispersers. \begin{enumerate} \item For any $\alpha>0$, $\delta>0$, and a random bipartite graph $G$ with left degree $D=O(\log N)$, we prove that the Lasserre hierarchy cannot distinguish whether $G$ is an $(N^{\alpha},(1-\delta)M)$-disperser or not an $(N^{1-\alpha},\delta M)$-disperser. \item For any $\rho>0$, we prove that there exist infinitely many constants $d$ such that the Lasserre hierarchy cannot distinguish whether a random bipartite graph $G$ with right degree $d$ is a $(\rho N, (1-(1-\rho)^d)M)$-disperser or not a $(\rho N, (1-\Omega(\frac{1-\rho}{\rho d + 1-\rho}))M)$-disperser. We also provide an efficient algorithm to find a subset of size exact $\rho N$ that has an approximation ratio matching the integrality gap within an extra loss of $\frac{\min\{\frac{\rho}{1-\rho},\frac{1-\rho}{\rho}\}}{\log d}$. \end{enumerate} Our method gives an integrality gap in the Lasserre hierarchy for bipartite expanders with left degree~$D$. $G$ on $([N],[M])$ is a $(\rho N,a)$-expander if for any subset $S\subseteq [N]$ of size $\rho N$, the neighbor set $\Gamma(S)$ contains at least $a \cdot \rho N$ distinct vertices. We prove that for any constant $\epsilon>0$, there exist constants $\epsilon'<\epsilon,\rho,$ and $D$ such that the Lasserre hierarchy cannot distinguish whether a bipartite graph on $([N],[M])$ with left degree $D$ is a $(\rho N, (1-\epsilon')D)$-expander or not a $(\rho N, (1-\epsilon)D)$-expander.
Learning capabilities enhanced in harsh environments: a common garden approach

Previous studies have suggested that the ability to inhabit harsh environments may be linked to advanced learning traits. However, it is not clear if individuals express such traits as a consequence of experiencing challenging environments or if these traits are inherited. To assess the influence of differential selection pressures on variation in aspects of cognition, we used a common garden approach to examine the response to novelty and problem-solving abilities of two populations of black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). These populations originated from the latitudinal extremes of the species's range, where we had previously demonstrated significant differences in memory and brain morphology in a multi-population study. We found that birds from the harsh northern population, where selection for cognitive abilities is expected to be high, significantly outperformed conspecifics from the mild southern population. Our results imply differences in cognitive abilities that may be inherited, as individuals from both populations were raised in and had experienced identical environmental conditions from 10 days of age. Although our data suggest an effect independent of experience, we cannot rule out maternal effects or experiences within the nest prior to day 10 with our design. Nevertheless, our results support the idea that environmental severity may be an important factor in shaping certain aspects of cognition.
Academic Skills Problems: Direct Assessment and Intervention

Introduction. Choosing Targets for Academic Assessment and Remediation. Step 1: Assessing the Academic Environment. Step 2: Assessing Instructional Placement. Step 3: Instructional Modification I: General Strategies. Step 3: Instructional Modification II: Specific Skills Areas. Step 4: Progress Monitoring. Academic Assessment within a Response-to-Intervention Framework. Case Illustrations.
Role of Noninvasive Testing in the Clinical Evaluation of Women With Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease: A Consensus Statement From the American Heart Association

In recent decades, there has been an appropriate focus on ensuring gender equity in the quantity and quality of evidence to guide female-specific, optimal management strategies for suspected and known ischemic heart disease (IHD). The evolving evidence supports a multifactorial pathophysiology of coronary atherosclerosis that includes obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and dysfunction of the coronary microvasculature and endothelium, and therefore, the term IHD best encompasses this varied pathophysiology in women. An overwhelming body of evidence has documented undertreatment and undertesting of women, leading to higher case fatality rates and increased morbid complications among women.1–3 Accordingly, to increase our knowledge base, women were given the status of a priority population, which resulted in federal policy to include proportional representation of females in clinical trials and registries.4 The past decade provided abundant evidence to guide clinical decision making regarding diagnostic testing for suspected IHD. In 2005, the American Heart Association (AHA) published an evidence synthesis on the use of CAD imaging for the evaluation of symptomatic women with suspected myocardial ischemia.5 Numerous reports have since provided additional high-quality evidence, including data on coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), which in 2005 were considered research techniques.5 The present statement provides an update to the 2005 document and synthesizes contemporary evidence on appropriate symptomatic female candidates for diagnostic testing, as well as sex-specific data on the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy for exercise treadmill testing (ETT) with electrocardiography, stress echocardiography, stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET), stress CMR, and CCTA.5 Within this document, quality evidence is synthesized, and important gaps in knowledge about the assessment of IHD risk in women are identified. The 2005 document included sections on the evaluation of asymptomatic …
A SAT-based autonomous strategy for security vulnerability management

Computer and network systems are consistently exposed to security threats, making their management even more complex. The management of known vulnerabilities plays a crucial role for ensuring their safe configurations and preventing security attacks. However, this activity should not generate new vulnerable states. In this paper we present a novel approach for autonomously assessing and remediating vulnerabilities. We describe a detailed mathematical model that supports this activity and we formalize the remediation decision process as a SAT problem. We present a framework that is able to assess OVAL vulnerability descriptions and perform corrective actions by using XCCDF-based descriptions of future machine states and the NETCONF protocol. We also provide details of our implementation and evaluate its feasibility through a comprehensive set of experiments.
Multimedia Hashing and Networking

This department discusses multimedia hashing and networking. The authors summarize shallow-learning-based hashing and deep-learning-based hashing. By exploiting successful shallow-learning algorithms, state-of-the-art hashing techniques have been widely used in high-efficiency multimedia storage, indexing, and retrieval, especially in multimedia search applications on smartphone devices. The authors also introduce Multimedia Information Networks (MINets) and present one paradigm of leveraging MINets to incorporate both visual and textual information to reach a sensible event coreference resolution. The goal is to make deep learning practical in realistic multimedia applications.
Intraspecific specialization of the generalist parasitoid Cotesia sesamiae revealed by polyDNAvirus polymorphism and associated with different Wolbachia infection

As a result of an intense host–parasite evolutionary arms race, parasitic wasps frequently display high levels of specialization on very few host species. For instance, in braconid wasps very few generalist species have been described. However, within this family, Cotesia sesamiae is a generalist species that is widespread in sub‐Saharan Africa and develops on several lepidopteran hosts. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that C. sesamiae may be a cryptic specialist when examined at the intraspecific level. We sequenced exon 2 of CrV1, a gene of the symbiotic polyDNAvirus that is integrated into the wasp genome and is associated with host immune suppression. We found that CrV1 genotype was more closely associated with the host in which the parasitoid developed than any abiotic environmental factor tested. We also tested a correlation between CrV1 genotype and an infection with Wolbachia bacteria, which are known for their ability to induce reproductive isolation. The Wolbachia bacteria infection polymorphism was also found as a major factor explaining the genetic structure of CrV1, and, in addition, the best model explaining CrV1 genetic structure involved an interaction between Wolbachia infection and host species. We suggest that Wolbachia could act as an agent capable of maintaining advantageous alleles for host specialization in different populations of C. sesamiae. This mechanism could be applicable to other insect models because of the high prevalence of Wolbachia in insects.
The BDD space complexity of different forms of concurrency

Symbolic representations using binary decision diagrams (BDDs) are popular means to cope with extremely large state spaces. However, it may be the case that the BDD representation itself is prohibitively large. We consider the BDD representations of synchronous, asynchronous and interleaved processes with communication via shared variables and present upper bounds for their sizes. For this reason, we introduce a general representation strategy where a possible exponential growth of the BDD representation can only be due to the specifics of communication and/or write conflict resolution; it is never due to the number of processes or the concurrency discipline. Moreover, certain conditions on the communication and the write conflict resolution are postulated that lead to polynomial sized BDD representations.
How to Think about the Great Ideas: From the Great Books of Western Civilization

Philosophy of everybody's business. As human beings, we all have the ability, and even the proclivity, to philosophize. We all engage in philosphical thought in the course of our daily live. What is philosophy? Why is it important? The importance of philosophy can be summed up in two words: Great Ideas. Great Ideas are the ideas that have been captured and developed in what are often called the Great Books of Western Civilization. They are common concepts that are a part of everyone's vocabulary and ordinary conversation and important, basic ideas that we think about throughout our lives - as children, adolescents and adults. What does it mean to be Good? How do we decide the Right thing to do? What is Love? The same question may appear to have different answers; the journey through the conflicting answers to a resolution is called philosophy. The Great Ideas are Art, Beauty, Change, Democracy, Emotion, Freedom, God, Good and Evil, Government, Justice, Labour, Language, Law, Learning, Love, Man, Opinion, Philosophy, Progress, Punishment, Truth, and War and Peace. Although everyone has a basic grasp of these Great Ideas, not everyone understands them as well as he or she could or should. In "How to Think About the Great Ideas", renowned philosopher Mortimer J. Adler guides readers to an understanding of these fundamental ideas and their practical applications to our daily lives. Not only does he clarify what the Great Ideas are, he helps readers understand the immediate role/application and importance of these ideas in our lives. These essays are based on the famous television lecture series by Mortimer Adler.
Delineation of the Key Aspects in the Regulation of Epithelial Monolayer Formation

ABSTRACT The formation, maintenance, and repair of epithelial barriers are of critical importance for whole-body homeostasis. However, the molecular events involved in epithelial tissue maturation are not fully established. To this end, we investigated the molecular processes involved in renal epithelial proximal-tubule monolayer maturation utilizing transcriptomic, metabolomic, and functional parameters. We uncovered profound dynamic alterations in transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism, and nutrient utilization over the maturation process. Proliferating cells exhibited high glycolytic rates and high transcript levels for fatty acid synthesis genes (FASN), whereas matured cells had low glycolytic rates, increased oxidative capacity, and preferentially expressed genes for beta oxidation. There were dynamic alterations in the expression and localization of several adherens (CDH1, -4, and -16) and tight junction (TJP3 and CLDN2 and -10) proteins. Genes involved in differentiated proximal-tubule function, cilium biogenesis (BBS1), and transport (ATP1A1 and ATP1B1) exhibited increased expression during epithelial maturation. Using TransAM transcription factor activity assays, we could demonstrate that p53 and FOXO1 were highly active in matured cells, whereas HIF1A and c-MYC were highly active in proliferating cells. The data presented here will be invaluable in the further delineation of the complex dynamic cellular processes involved in epithelial cell regulation.
Phase Retrieval via Wirtinger Flow: Theory and Algorithms

We study the problem of recovering the phase from magnitude measurements; specifically, we wish to reconstruct a complex-valued signal x ∈ ℂn about which we have phaseless samples of the form yr = |〈ar, x〉|2, r = 1, . , m (knowledge of the phase of these samples would yield a linear system). This paper develops a nonconvex formulation of the phase retrieval problem as well as a concrete solution algorithm. In a nutshell, this algorithm starts with a careful initialization obtained by means of a spectral method, and then refines this initial estimate by iteratively applying novel update rules, which have low computational complexity, much like in a gradient descent scheme. The main contribution is that this algorithm is shown to rigorously allow the exact retrieval of phase information from a nearly minimal number of random measurements. Indeed, the sequence of successive iterates provably converges to the solution at a geometric rate so that the proposed scheme is efficient both in terms of computational and data resources. In theory, a variation on this scheme leads to a near-linear time algorithm for a physically realizable model based on coded diffraction patterns. We illustrate the effectiveness of our methods with various experiments on image data. Underlying our analysis are insights for the analysis of nonconvex optimization schemes that may have implications for computational problems beyond phase retrieval.
Fast Packed String Matching for Short Patterns

Searching for all occurrences of a pattern in a text is a fundamental problem in computer science with applications in many other fields, like natural language processing, information retrieval and computational biology. In the last two decades a general trend has appeared trying to exploit the power of the word RAM model to speed-up the performances of classical string matching algorithms. In this model an algorithm operates on words of length w, grouping blocks of characters, and arithmetic and logic operations on the words take one unit of time. In this paper we use specialized word-size packed string matching instructions, based on the Intel streaming SIMD extensions (SSE) technology, to design very fast string matching algorithms in the case of short patterns. From our experimental results it turns out that, despite their quadratic worst case time complexity, the new presented algorithms become the clear winners on the average for short patterns, when compared against the most Effective algorithms known in literature.
2,6-Di(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyridinium chloride monohydrate

In the organic cation of the title compound, C13H20N3 +·Cl−·H2O, the two pyrrolidine rings adopt twisted conformations. The pyridine ring makes dihedral angles of 14.57 (6) and 23.96 (6)° with the mean planes of the pyrrolidine rings. In the crystal structure, pairs of bifurcated intermolecular O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the water molecules and chloride anions into an R 4 4(8) ring motif. Intermolecular N—H⋯Cl, C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds further interconnect these rings with the organic cations into a two-dimensional network parallel to the bc plane.