Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Executive Function Explain the IQ-Mortality Association? Evidence from the Canadian Study on Health and Aging

Objective: To assess the robustness of the association between intelligence quotient (IQ) and mortality in older adults and to examine whether or not the association can be explained by more specific cognitive processes, including individual differences in executive functioning. Methods: We examined the associations among Full Scale IQ, individual IQ subtest scores, and 10-year mortality among older community-dwelling, adult participants in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, who were verified as disease and cognitive-impairment free at baseline via comprehensive medical and neurological evaluation (n = 516). Survival analysis including Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine mortality risk as a function of Full Scale IQ and its specific subcomponents. Results: An inverse association was found between IQ and mortality, but this did not survive adjustment for demographics and education. The association between IQ and mortality seemed to be predominantly accounted for by performance on one specific IQ subtest that taps executive processes (i.e., Digit Symbol (DS)). Performance on this subtest uniquely and robustly predicted mortality in both unadjusted and adjusted models, such that a 1-standard deviation difference in performance was associated with a 28% change in risk of mortality over the 10-year follow-up interval in adjusted models. Conclusions: The association between IQ and mortality in older adults may be predominantly attributable to individual differences in DS performance. CSHA = Canadian Study on Health and Aging; DS = Digit Symbol; IQ = intelligence quotient; RT = reaction time.
Incomplete flagellar structures in nonflagellate mutants of Salmonella typhimurium

Incomplete flagellar structures were detected in osmotically shocked cells or membrane-associated fraction of many nonflagellate mutants of Salmonella typhimurium by electron microscopy. The predominant types of these structures in the mutants were cistron specific. The incomplete basal bodies were detected in flaFI, flaFIV, flaFVIII, and flaFIX mutants, the structure homologous to a basal body in flaFV mutants, the polyhook-basal body complex in flaR mutants, and the hook-basal body complex in flaL and flaU mutants. No structures homologous to flagellar bases or their parts were detected in the early-fla group nonflagellate mutants of flaAI, flaAII, flaAIII, flaB, flaC, flaD, flaE, flaFII, flaFIII, flaFVI, flaFVII, flaFX, flaK, and flaM. From these observations, a process of flagellar morphogenesis was postulated. The functions of the early-fla group are essential to the formation of S ring-M ring-rod complexes bound to the membrane. The completion of basal bodies requires succeeding functions of flaFI, flaFIV, flaFVIII, and flaFIX. Next, the formation of hooks attached to basal bodies proceeds by the function of flaFV and by flaR, which controls the hook length. Flagellar filaments appear at the tips of hooks because of the functions of flaL, flaU, and flagellin genes.
GPS and Discrete Kalman Filter for Indoor Robot Navigation

This paper discusses the implementation of the Kalman Filter along with the Global Positioning System (GPS) for indoor robot navigation. Two dimensional coordinates is used for the map building, and refers to the global coordinate which is attached to the reference landmark for position and direction information the robot gets. The Discrete Kalman Filter is used to estimate the robot position, project the estimated current state ahead in time through time update and adjust the projected estimated state by an actual measurement at that time via the measurement update. The navigation test has been performed and has been found to be robust. Keywords—Global positioning System, kalman filter, robot navigation. AVIGATION can be defined as a process of maintaining a trajectory to a goal distance. Each of us conducts some form of navigation in our daily lives. Such as driving to work, walking to a store requires that we employ fundamental navigation skills. For most of us, these skills require using our eyes, common sense and landmarks. However in some cases where a more accurate knowledge of our position, intended course, or transit time to a desired destination is required, navigation aids other than landmarks are used. These may be in different form of a simple clock to determine the velocity over a known distance in our car to keep of the distance traveled. In the animal kingdom, such as homing pigeons, they are able to find their way home when released large distance away, even if they have been carried there in covered cages. Since they cannot see the path that has been taken from home to where they are released, they cannot store it in any way; nor can they see landmark along away. It has postulated that these birds employ a navigation map by using naturally occurring gradients in the earth's magnetic field. In effect, this means that their magnetic compass is sensitive not to the polarity of the earth's magnetic field, but to its inclination with respect to the local gravity vector. This has been demonstrated by observation of birds flying over the equator. The pigeons combine this gradient information, which gives them a gross direction from the release point with a memory of landmarks near their home base. In addition to homing pigeons, a number of other animals migrate long distances. The return of salmon to the stream where they were born, after several years of swimming in the ocean, is an amazing phenomenon. Magneto3sensors have been identified in trout and perhaps salmon as well. Marine animal, like whales,
Memetic Mission Management [Application Notes]

This paper presents novel area coverage algorithms that have been validated using Boeing VSTL hardware. Even though the multi-vehicle search area coverage problem is large and complex, several new memetic computing methods have been presented that decompose, allocate and optimize the exploration of a search area for multiple heterogeneous vehicles. These new methods were shown to have good performance and quality, and as they are defined in a general way, these methods are applicable to many other problem domains. The methods have been combined into a mission-planner architecture that is able to adaptively control the behavior of multiple vehicles with dynamic vehicle capabilities and environments for mission assurance. The topic of mission-planning architectures and optimization of swarms of autonomous vehicles is a young and exciting field with many opportunities for research. More computationally efficient methods for decomposition may be useful, as well as the application of next-generation meta-learning architectures for path planning. In addition to the existing collision avoidance, path de-confliction during planning can improve safety and efficiency.
The Study of Taiwanese Indigenous Dance with Labanotation and an Application

In this paper we use Labanotation for analyzing several categories of Taiwanese Indigenous Dance and apply four-step dance on a mini humanoid robot. First, we use Labanotation, which is the major notation system for dance choreography, to analyze several dance steps and develop an improved version. We use this system as a basis to create comprehensive motion segments, which help us to observe quantity, as well as quality criteria, such as time, space, weight and flow differences expressed in these dances. Next, we discuss the characteristics and representations of Taiwan Indigenous dances and find a core four-step dance. We investigate the four-step dance using robot software tools and implement a new gravity-shifting technique on a miniature robot. Finally, we provide an algorithm for the suitable for future robot development in cultural dance traditions. In the future, we plan to collect movement data from human dancers and identify advanced research results.
Irregular assimilation progress: Reasons for setbacks in the context of linguistic therapy of evaluation

Abstract The assimilation model suggests progress in psychotherapy follows an eight-stage sequence described by the Assimilation of Problematic Experiences Scale (APES). This study sought to reconcile this developmental stage model with the common but superficially contradictory clinical observation that therapeutic advances alternate with setbacks. Setbacks (n=466) were identified in therapy transcripts of two clients and classified using a preliminary nine-category list of possible alternative reasons for setbacks. Most of the setbacks involved switches among the multiple strands of a problem due to (a) therapists exceeding clients' therapeutic zone of proximal development, (b) therapists guiding clients to shift toward relatively problematic material (balance metaphor), or (c) spontaneous switches. Rather than contradicting the theory, this close examination of setbacks yielded elaborations of it.
Democracy and the Teaching of Argument

or the last four or five years I have been working on projects that are to do with arguing (see Andrews 1992; Andrews, Clarke & Costello 1993; Mitchell 1992). This might seem odd, and when I explain to children in particular that I am interested in a iirguiment, they think it's even odder. They think, of course, that I am about to start quarrelling with them, or rowing, or having a tiff, a spat, or to engage in what, with typical British understatement, is often described as "having words' with them. Put another way, they see argument as a natural part of discourse and are bemused by anyone wanting to study it. As a definition of argument for working on the projects, I've used the broadbased "connected series of statements or rea-
Unshared secret key cryptography: Achieving Shannon's ideal secrecy and perfect secrecy

In cryptography, a shared secret key is normally mandatory to encrypt the confidential message. In this work, we propose the unshared secret key (USK) cryptosystem. Inspired by the artificial noise (AN) technique, we align a one-time pad (OTP) secret key within the null space of a multiple-output multiple-input (MIMO) channel between transmitter and legitimate receiver, so that the OTP is not needed by the legitimate receiver to decipher, while it is fully affecting the eavesdropper's ability to decipher the confidential message. We show that the USK cryptosystem guarantees Shannon's ideal secrecy and perfect secrecy, if an infinite lattice input alphabet is used.
Grid Independent Task Scheduling Multi-Objective Optimization Model and Genetic Algorithm

The characteristic of heterogeneous grid environment results in that the task scheduling is constrained by a number of factors such as the length of scheduling, the performance of security, and the cost of scheduling , etc. Firstly, under the consideration of the task scheduling demand for secure performance. A security benefit function and the corresponding time cost model are constructed. Secondly , according to the past behavior of grid resource nodes, a simple and efficient node’s credibility dynamic evaluation model is built by using the weighted function. Thirdly, b ased on these, a new constrained multi-objective grid task scheduling mode is proposed. In order to solve this model, the relationship between the characteristic of the task and the different performance among nodes is used to define the individual relationship matrix; then the subjection degree function is used to transform each relationship matrix into a fuzzy matrix . A ccording to the different effects of each objective in the final objective , each weight in the final decision-making is determined. By doing so, the multi-objective model is transformed into a single-objective model. Through the design of new crossover operator and an uniform mutation operator, a genetic algorithm called MUGA for the transformed problem is proposed. Finally, s imulation results show that the proposed algorithm is better than the compared ones in terms of the length of the task scheduling, security efficiency value, reliability and scheduling costs.
Truly Parallel Understanding of Text

Understanding a text requires two basic tasks: making inferences at several levels of knowledge and composing a global interpretation of the given text from those various types of inferences. Since making inferences at each level demands an extensive computations, there have been several attempts to use parallel inference mechanisms such as parallel marker passing (PMP) to increase the productivity of the inference mecha nism. Such a mechanism, when used with many local processors, is capable of making inferences in parallel. However, it often poses a large burden on the task of composing the global interpretation by producing a number of meaningless inferences which should be filtered out. Therefore, the increased productivity of the inference mechanism causes the slow down of the task of forming the global interpretation and makes it the bottleneck of the whole system. Our system, TRUE, effectively solves this problem with the Constrained Marker Passing mechanism. The new mechanism not only allows the system to make necessary inferences in parallel, but also provides a way to compose the global interpretation in parallel. Therefore, the system is truly parallel, and does not suffer from any single bottleneck.
Associations Between Victimization and Adolescents' Self‐Reported Responses to Peer Provocation Are Moderated by Peer‐Reported Aggressiveness

&NA; Many early adolescents experience peer victimization, but little research has examined how they respond to aggression by peers. Thus, in a large sample of early adolescents (N = 648; M age = 12.96; SD = 0.30; 52.0% female), we examined (1) the associations between peer‐reported victimization and self‐reported responses to peer provocation, and (2) whether these associations were moderated by peer‐reported aggression. In particular, we predicted that the reported use of assertion, a strategy generally viewed as socially skillful, would be associated with less victimization, but only for youth low on peer‐reported aggression. Results were consistent with this hypothesis. Moreover, seeking adult intervention was associated with greater victimization for youth high on peer‐reported aggression. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Opinion Mining In Hindi Language: A Survey

Opinions are very important in the life of human beings. These Opinions helped the humans to carry out the decisions. As the impact of the Web is increasing day by day, Web documents can be seen as a new source of opinion for human beings. Web contains a huge amount of information generated by the users through blogs, forum entries, and social networking websites and so on To analyze this large amount of information it is required to develop a method that automatically classifies the information available on the Web. This domain is called Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining. Opinion Mining or Sentiment Analysis is a natural language processing task that mine information from various text forms such as reviews, news, and blogs and classify them on the basis of their polarity as positive, negative or neutral. But, from the last few years, enormous increase has been seen in Hindi language on the Web. Research in opinion mining mostly carried out in English language but it is very important to perform the opinion mining in Hindi language also as large amount of information in Hindi is also available on the Web. This paper gives an overview of the work that has been done Hindi language.
Adult Attachment, Emotional Intelligence, and Resilience as Correlates of Social Engagement, Academic Engagement, and Confidence of Persistence in College Students

The current study investigated freshmen university students (N = 210) to examine the role of attachment style (anxiety, avoidance), emotional intelligence (repair, attention, clarity) and resilience in predicting student adaptation to college (academic, social, personal and academic engagement). Four multiple regression analyses were conducted for each subscale of adaptation to college. The results indicated that; a) emotional intelligence (attention, clarity) and resilience significantly predicted student academic adjustment; b) emotional intelligence (repair) predicted student social adjustment; c) emotional intelligence (clarity), resilience, and adult attachment (anxiety) significantly predicted student personal adjustment; and d) emotional intelligence (repair, clarity) and resilience, significantly predicted student academic engagement. Additionally, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was run to examine sex and ethnic/racial differences in the ten variables. Results indicated significant differences between men and women with regard to academic adjustment and emotion attention. However, MANOVA suggested no significant difference between students of color (all non-white students as a single group) and White students. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
MTV1 and MTV4 Encode Plant-Specific ENTH and ARF GAP Proteins That Mediate Clathrin-Dependent Trafficking of Vacuolar Cargo from the Trans-Golgi Network[C][W]

To understand the mechanisms of protein trafficking, it is essential to characterize the cellular machinery that performs the transport. Genetic analyses identified two genes required for vacuolar trafficking in Arabidopsis, MTV1 and AGD5. These genes appear to participate in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles for the transport of vacuolar proteins from the trans-Golgi network. Many soluble proteins transit through the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and the prevacuolar compartment (PVC) en route to the vacuole, but our mechanistic understanding of this vectorial trafficking step in plants is limited. In particular, it is unknown whether clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) participate in this transport step. Through a screen for modified transport to the vacuole (mtv) mutants that secrete the vacuolar protein VAC2, we identified MTV1, which encodes an EPSIN N-TERMINAL HOMOLOGY protein, and MTV4, which encodes the ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein NEVERSHED/AGD5. MTV1 and NEV/AGD5 have overlapping expression patterns and interact genetically to transport vacuolar cargo and promote plant growth, but they have no apparent roles in protein secretion or endocytosis. MTV1 and NEV/AGD5 colocalize with clathrin at the TGN and are incorporated into CCVs. Importantly, mtv1 nev/agd5 double mutants show altered subcellular distribution of CCV cargo exported from the TGN. Moreover, MTV1 binds clathrin in vitro, and NEV/AGD5 associates in vivo with clathrin, directly linking these proteins to CCV formation. These results indicate that MTV1 and NEV/AGD5 are key effectors for CCV-mediated trafficking of vacuolar proteins from the TGN to the PVC in plants.
Iterative Shape Refinement in AAM

Active appearance model (AAM) is a powerful model to describe deformable objects in terms of shape and texture. It models the shape and the texture variations linearly and independently and has been widely applied to pattern recognition. However, there are two problems in the model building procedure. On the one hand, much shape information is lost from the shape model because only the sparse landmarks manually labeled are taken into account. On the other hand, the high-dimensional texture has too much nonlinearity. It is resulted from the structure information left by the shape model. In this paper, we propose a shape refinement framework to account for the problems. Firstly, the texture complexity of the shape model is obtained statistically. Then, the shape model is refined based on the texture complexity. Finally, the texture model is rebuilt based on the texture complexity according to the refined shape model. This is an iterative procedure which gradually improves the shape model and reduces the nonlinear of the texture model. As a result, both the complexity and the computational cost of AAM are reduced. Experimental results show that the proposed method greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of AAM.
Non-Invasive Optical Sensor for Hemoglobin Determination

Hemoglobin (Hb) is an important component of red blood cells. This paper presents an optical non-contact technique that provides Hb concentration measurement. The absorption coefficient of blood differs at different wavelength this fact is used to calculate the optical characteristics of blood. In this newly developed system, absorption of light by oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin is measured at two wavelength 660nm and 940nm. The particular wavelength of light is obtained from red and IR LED. Constant current circuit is designed to drive the LEDs. Transmitted light through an area of skin on finger was detected by a photodiode. Ratio of red to IR signal after normalization is calculated for determination of Hb. Signal acquisition by this method is totally noninvasive. The sensors assembled in this investigation are fully integrated into wearable finger clips. Keywords-blood, hemoglobin, infrared, LED, noninvasive, optical method
Disorders of the Self: A Personality-guided Approach

In this thought-provoking book, Marshall L. Silverstein applies a self psychological viewpoint, as formulated and broadened by Kohut, to understanding the personality disorders designated on Axis II of the DSM-IV. He recasts the disorders as disorders of the self, grouping them into one of three patterns: those that center on combating devitalization, forestalling fragmentation, or seeking alternative pathways to a cohesive self. For each group, he outlines the descriptive psychopathology and main theoretical viewpoints and then presents a self psychological reformulation of how the behavior and symptom patterns represent deficits in self-cohesion. The author's aim is to demonstrate how psychoanalytic self psychology, as originally developed by Heinz Kohut and further elaborated by colleagues, can explain personality disorders. He addresses both theoretical and clinical aspects of what are characterized as disturbances of the self.
Delay-Balanced Smart Repeaters for On-Chip Global Signaling

In this paper we propose a smart driver, whose drive strength is dynamically altered depending on the relative bit pattern, by partitioning it into a main driver and assistant driver. For a higher effective load capacitance both drivers switch, while for a lower effective capacitance the assistant driver is quiet. It is shown that in an UMC 0.18mum technology the potential peak power saving, for typical global wire lengths, can be as much 18% with a 12% jitter reduction over a traditional repeater for a data rate of 1Gb/s
Active noise control in headsets: A new approach for broadband feedback ANC

In this paper a novel approach for broadband feedback active noise control (ANC) is presented which is based on the combination of classical non-adaptive feedback and adaptive feedback ANC techniques. The non-adaptive part is suitable to attenuate low frequency ambient noise whereas the adaptive part attenuates periodic components of the ambient noise. The proposed technique yields a higher overall noise attenuation performance compared to a purely classical non-adaptive feedback or purely adaptive feedback ANC system. In addition to that, the combination of both techniques is also beneficial for practical realizations since the adaptive feedback ANC stabilizes the overall system. With regard to low cost headset devices, the impact of practical hardware constraints such as low-cost analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters (ADC, DAC) is discussed. As a conclusion, a mixed analog-digital realization of the new approach is proposed.