Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Method of Combined Static and Dynamic Analysis of Voltage Collapse in Voltage Stability Assessment

Different analysis methods have been used for voltage stability assessment. In comparison with static analysis methods, little work has been done on dynamic analysis of large interconnected power systems. Voltage instability can be studied effectively with a combination of static approaches and time simulations. This paper discusses voltage stability assessment using mixed static and dynamic techniques. Using static methods, a voltage stability based ranking is carried out to specify faint buses, generators and links in power system. The system is analyzed for most severe conditions. Then, time domain simulation is performed for the conditions determined by voltage instability ranking. The mixed approach benefits from advantages of both static and dynamic analyses. The New England (IEEE 39 bus) system was used as a test system
Park Gazettement and Integrated Conservation and Development as Factors in Community Conflict at Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda

Abstract: Conflicts between protected‐area managers and local people are common, but the drivers of conflict are rarely analyzed. This limits opportunities to identify strategies that reduce conflict and the magnitude of resulting threats to conservation. Integrated conservation and development (ICD) was adopted at Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda, to reduce conflict during gazettement of the national park, but the success of this approach remains contested. We retrieved documents of conflict written by park staff and local people from 1986 through 2000 (before, during, and after gazettement). We extracted data on 48 incidences of violent conflict and categorized them by gazettement period, area, instigator, and type to undertake a historical analysis of the triggers of violent conflict at Bwindi. Before and during gazettement, local villagers instigated most of the conflict incidents when law‐enforcement efforts sought to halt commercial activities within Bwindi. No conflict arose from the arrest of villagers collecting subsistence resources during these periods. After gazettement, prohibitions on commercial activities continued to drive conflict even though villagers collecting subsistence resources were arrested more frequently than before gazettement, and local attitudes toward the park had improved following receipt of ICD benefits. Law‐enforcement efforts targeted commercial activities to reduce this threat to Bwindi's mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), although the activities remained important income sources for people in villages near Bwindi. Losing commercial income following gazettement therefore appeared to be their primary motivation for instigating conflict with park rangers. Prohibitions on subsistence resource use triggered conflict less often. Our use of typologies for a multivariate conflict analysis demonstrates that by identifying differences between effects of conservation as drivers of conflict, conflict analysis can enable a more strategic deployment of conflict–resolution measures that could further conservation efforts. At Bwindi targeting ICD toward individuals who lost benefits from commercial activities may strengthen the role of ICD in conflict resolution and conservation.
Comparison of serum and whole blood levels of cytomegalovirus and Epstein–Barr virus DNA

Abstract: The monitoring of viral DNA levels after transplantation is crucial for prevention of complications from cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection but there is no consensus as to which matrix is the most adequate. To compare serum and whole blood (WB) as specimens for measuring viral DNA, clinical samples from a 3‐year period were studied, with focus on cases where serum and WB were drawn on the same day. In 1896 paired serum and WB samples, CMV DNA was detected in both specimen types in 472 samples with 0.18 log higher levels (P<0.001) in WB than in serum (median level 2.73 vs. 2.56 log copies/mL), and in only either serum or WB in 127 and 108 samples, respectively, generally at levels below 1000 copies/mL. In 664 paired samples, EBV DNA was detected in both serum and WB in 160 samples, with 1.48 log higher levels (P<0.001) in WB (median 4.2 vs. 2.4 log copies/mL), in only WB in 227 cases with a median at 3.0 log copies/mL, and only in serum in 14 samples at low levels. The correlation between serum and WB DNA levels was weaker for EBV than for CMV (R2 0.31 vs. 0.74). We conclude that either serum or WB may be used for monitoring CMV and EBV DNA levels, that EBV DNA is detected post transplant in >50% of WB samples and at 30 times higher levels than in serum, and that post‐transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) may develop without further increase of EBV DNA in WB. Identification of PTLD may require EBV DNA testing in both specimen types or complementary tests.
Australia Antigen and Viral Hepatitis: A Brief Review and a Preliminary Australian Report

&NA; Immunodiffusion methods were used to test for the presence of Australia antigen in sera from Australian patients. Antibody‐containing sera for these tests were obtained from Melbourne haemophiliacs. When antigen was detected its specificity was verified using a reference human anti‐Au(1) serum supplied by Blumberg. All antigen‐containing sera thus detected gave reactions of identity with one another and with an Australia‐antigen‐positive serum tested by Blumberg. Australia antigen was detected in 5 of 10 patients with post‐transfusion hepatitis, in 3 of 93 patients with acute viral hepatitis unrelated to transfusion, in 2 of 17 patients with chronic hepatitis, in 8 of 32 institutionalized patients with Down's syndrome, in 1 member on the staff of a dialysis unit, in 1 Blood Bank donor on a panel when the recipient developed viral hepatitis but in none of 121 control sera.
Socially Intelligent Agents to support Ethical Decision-Making

Recent projects on computational support for public policy deliberations, e.g., automatic classification of comments to rule-making agencies, have addressed some needs of ethical decision-making. They achieve this by expanding the values considered and the outcomes of a decision for different groups. Since their aim, however, has not been the systematic inclusion of the relevant interests, values and consequences in policy deliberations, computer supported decision-making in such environments may yet be narrow, short-sighted and unethical. To address this problem, we are developing a reusable means of bringing the viewpoints of power-limited elements of the population and usually overlooked dimensions of value into the public policy decision space. Our multi-agent approach involves designing value-aware BDI agents with conflict resolution capabilities while harnessing human-machine complementarity. We claim that new kinds of policy innovation may result when humans and agents act together.
QoE assessment in tele-operation with 3D video and haptic media

In this paper, we investigate the influence of network delay on the quality of experience (QoE) for a tele-operation system with 3D (i.e., stereoscopic) video and haptic media. We assess the video output quality, operability of the haptic interface device, inter-stream synchronization quality (or interactivity), and comprehensive quality as QoE. We also evaluate the application-level quality of service (QoS). By multiple regression analysis, we demonstrate that it is possible to estimate QoE parameters from QoS parameters with a high degree of accuracy.
Design of A 7-bit, 200MS/s, 2mW pipelined ADC with switched open-loop amplifiers in a 65nm CMOS technology

We present the design of a 7-bit 200 MS/s pipelined ADC with switched open-loop amplifiers in a 65 nm CMOS technology. As a result of turning off the open-loop amplifiers during sampling we reduce the power dissipation by 23%. The ADC achieves a SNDR of 40 dB close to the Nyquist frequency, with a power dissipation of 2 mW, which results in a Walden FOM of 0.13 pJ/step and a Thermal FOM of 1.6 fJ/step.
CTCF, a conserved nuclear factor required for optimal transcriptional activity of the chicken c-myc gene, is an 11-Zn-finger protein differentially expressed in multiple forms

A novel sequence-specific DNA-binding protein, CTCF, which interacts with the chicken c-myc gene promoter, has been identified and partially characterized (V. V. Lobanenkov, R. H. Nicolas, V. V. Adler, H. Paterson, E. M. Klenova, A. V. Polotskaja, and G. H. Goodwin, Oncogene 5:1743-1753, 1990). In order to test directly whether binding of CTCF to one specific DNA region of the c-myc promoter is important for chicken c-myc transcription, we have determined which nucleotides within this GC-rich region are responsible for recognition of overlapping sites by CTCF and Sp1-like proteins. Using missing-contact analysis of all four nucleotides in both DNA strands and homogeneous CTCF protein purified by sequence-specific chromatography, we have identified three sets of nucleotides which contact either CTCF or two Sp1-like proteins binding within the same DNA region. Specific mutations of 3 of 15 purines required for CTCF binding were designed to eliminate binding of CTCF without altering the binding of other proteins. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay of nuclear extracts showed that the mutant DNA sequence did not bind CTCF but did bind two Sp1-like proteins. When introduced into a 3.3-kbp-long 5'-flanking noncoding c-myc sequence fused to a reporter CAT gene, the same mutation of the CTCF binding site resulted in 10- and 3-fold reductions, respectively, of transcription in two different (erythroid and myeloid) stably transfected chicken cell lines. Isolation and analysis of the CTCF cDNA encoding an 82-kDa form of CTCF protein shows that DNA-binding domain of CTCF is composed of 11 Zn fingers: 10 are of C2H2 class, and 1 is of C2HC class. CTCF was found to be abundant and conserved in cells of vertebrate species. We detected six major nuclear forms of CTCF protein differentially expressed in different chicken cell lines and tissues. We conclude that isoforms of 11-Zn-finger factor CTCF which are present in chicken hematopoietic HD3 and BM2 cells can act as a positive regulator of the chicken c-myc gene transcription. Possible functions of other CTCF forms are discussed.
Process Performance and Polyphosphate‐Accumulating Organism‐Glycogen‐Accumulating Organism Communities in an Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic System Operated with Different Carbon Sources

A pilot plant anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) system fed with domestic wastewater was operated to examine the effect of varying different types of carbon source (acetic acid, propionic acid, and glucose), added as a complement to the wastewater, on the (1) process performance and (2) microbial population. The operational condition that lead to a significant removal of total nitrogen (82%) was achieved with acetic acid. When the complementary carbon source was propionic acid, an improved removal efficiency of orthophosphate (97%) was observed. Because this finding was concurrent with higher polyphosphate‐accumulating organism (PAO) population fractions detected using fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis (41.9 ± 3.0%), it suggests that members of PAO populations that were able to reduce nitrate gained importance over PAO members that could not, thus improving the denitrifying phosphorus removal.
Augmenting Hypergraph Models with Message Nets to Reduce Bandwidth and Latency Costs Simultaneously

Efficient parallelization of the applications in scientific computing domain on distributed systems requires reducing the communication costs of the application in both terms: bandwidth and latency costs. Although there are many graph/hypergraph partitioning models that reduce the bandwidth cost in the literature, there exist only a few works that consider both of them. These works generally rely on a two-phase methodology in which different objectives of reducing bandwidth cost and latency cost are addressed in separate phases. Such approaches suffer from the fact that the addressed objective in a specific phase is oblivious to the objective addressed in the other phase. In this work, we propose a single-phase hypergraph model for 1D partitioning that addresses both objectives simultaneously [1]. The widely-used standard hypergraph model in the literature [2] minimizes the bandwidth cost by reducing the total communication (message) volume as the nets of this model, which we refer to as volume nets, encode the amount of data transferred in case they become cut. We augment the standard hypergraph model by message nets that encode the messages communicated. The addition of the message nets relies on recursive bipartitioning (RB). In the RB paradigm, the given hypergraph is recursively bipartitioned into two hypergraphs until the desired number of parts is reached. Let the RB process be currently at the `th level, prior to bipartitioning the ith hypergraph H i = (V i ,N ` i ) in this level. Figure 1 displays the RB tree representing the corresponding RB process. As seen in the figure, the vertex sets of the hypergraphs in the current state of the RB tree induce a (2 + i)-way vertex partition Πcur. This vertex partition is also assumed to induce a (2 + i)-way processor partition Pcur in which processor group P i is held responsible for the items/tasks that are represented by the vertices in V i . After bipartitioning H i , the (2 + i+ 1)-way vertex partition Πnew = (Πcur−V i )∪V `+1 2i ∪V `+1 2i+1 is obtained. Biparti∏cur RB tree
Unphosphorylated H1 Is Enriched in a Specific Region of the Promoter when CDC2 Is Down-Regulated during Starvation

ABSTRACT Tetrahymena thermophila macronuclear histone H1 is phosphorylated by a cdc2 kinase, and H1 phosphorylation regulates CDC2 expression by a positive feedback mechanism. In starved wild-type cells, decreased expression of the CDC2 gene is correlated with a global reduction in the phosphorylation of H1 and reduced phosphorylation of H1 in the region upstream of the CDC2 gene. To determine whether the reduced H1 phosphorylation upstream of the CDC2 gene is merely a reflection of global dephosphorylation or is due to specific targeting of dephosphorylation of H1 to the CDC2 promoter during starvation, the CDC2 promoter was mapped, and the distributions of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated H1 across the CDC2 gene were determined using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Unphosphorylated H1 is specifically enriched in a region of the CDC2 promoter when the gene's expression is reduced during starvation but not when CDC2 is highly active in growing cells. The region of unphosphorylated H1 coincides with a region that is essential for CDC2 expression. These studies are the first in vivo demonstration that the phosphorylation of H1 is being regulated at a fine level and that unphosphorylated H1 can be specifically targeted to a promoter, where it likely regulates transcription in a gene-specific manner.
High-Resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Rat Brain: Mapping Changes in Cerebral Blood Volume Using Iron Oxide Contrast Media

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was used to produce high-resolution activation maps reflecting local changes in cerebral blood volume after a simple sensory stimulus, Activation of the forelimb region of the somatosensory cortex was performed in α-chloralose—anaesthetized rats with an electrical stimulus (5 V, 3 Hz) delivered through needle electrodes placed subcutaneously on the left forelimb, A gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging sequence, sensitive to changes in the relative amount of deoxyhemoglobin within the cerebral vasculature, produced a 4.05% ± 1.69% increase in signal intensity. This effect was enhanced with an injection of an intravascular iron oxide contrast agent (Combidex, Advanced Magnetics), resulting in a 9.11% ± 1.52% decrease in signal intensity.
Virtual surgery system

This paper describes the development of a virtual surgery system, called VQSplat. The system takes volume data as inputs and is capable of display multiple volumetric models, manipulating and editing (cutting) them. The system uses a hierarchical multi-resolution point rendering system, which is derived from an existing point rendering system, QSplat. The features of VQSplat are listed as follows: Use hierarchical multi-resolution point rendering system to render volume data; Support multiple translucent object display; Support object selection, manipulation, free cutting; A unique hierarchical data structure to accelerate the rendering process, as well as cutting, and object splitting; integrated support of raw volume data importing, image enhancement, normal estimation; and portable code. Separate core library with user interface.
Relationship between white matter T2 hyperintensity and cortical volume changes on magnetic resonance imaging in healthy elders

T2 white matter hyperintensity (WMH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with brain atrophy. Some previous studies examined the relation between the WMH and cortical atrophy, however, little is known about how the WMHs affect the pattern of cortical atrophy. Recent studies have revealed that patho‐physiological role of WMH in affecting cortical atrophy may be different between hyperintensities in basal ganglia and thalami (B&T) and those in other regions. Based on a longitudinal study up to 5 years, we attempt to examine the temporal relation between the WMHs and cortical atrophy with special attention to the hyperintensities in the B&T.
30TH INTERNATIONAL COSMIC RAY CONFERENCE Stereo Reconstruction at HiRes

We describe a technique used to reconstruct the energy and Xmax of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) observed by the HiRes detector in stereoscopic mode. This technique calculates the relationship between the number of shower particles at a depth of the shower to the signal in either angular or time bins. This relationship is calculated for a given shower segment location. The estimated number of shower particles at a given shower depth is calculated using this relationship from the observed bin signals. The observed longitudinal shower profile is then fit using a technique developed by Martin Block which judiciously removes problematic data points. In simulation, energy resolutions of approximately 12% or better are obtained with high efficiency for energies above 10 eV. The estimated Xmax resolution for this technique is approximately 35 g/cm or better at these energies.
TWP: How to Assist English Production on Japanese Word Processor

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Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in Intra-Abdominal Surgery Patients

Objective:To measure the clinical and economic impact of postoperative hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and to identify risk factors for the development of HAP. Summary Background Data:Although postoperative HAP is recognized to be an major risk associated with surgery, little is known about the overall outcomes of patients whose hospital stay is complicated by HAP following surgery. Methods:We studied 618,495 patients who underwent an intra-abdominal operation from the National Inpatient Sample database over a 1-year period (January 2000 to December 2000) using CPT codes and discharge diagnoses identified by the Clinical Classification Software. Data collected included demographic characteristics, type of operation, in-hospital mortality, discharge disposition, length of stay, and hospital charges. Results:Of the 13,292 patients with HAP following intra-abdominal surgery, 1421 died prior to discharge (mortality = 10.7%) compared with 7217 deaths in the control group of patients without HAP following intra-abdominal surgery (mortality = 1.2%) (P < 0.001). HAP was independently associated with a 4.13-fold (95% confidence interval = 3.94–4.34) increase in risk to be discharged to a skilled nursing facility. The mean length of hospital stay for intra-abdominal patients who developed HAP was significantly greater compared with intra-abdominal surgery patients who did not develop HAP (17.10 days versus 6.07 days, P < 0.001). After adjusting for patient characteristics, HAP was independently associated with a 75% ($28,160.95; 95% confidence interval, $27,543.76–$28,778.13) mean increase in total hospital charges. Conclusions:Given the high incidence and significant impact of HAP on patient outcomes, early preventive strategies and interventions to reduce HAP should be a priority.
Stochastic geometric analysis of black hole attack on smart grid communication networks

In this article, we develop a stochastic geometric framework for the performance analysis of a large scale smart grid communication network. Our proposed model caters for both topological and channel dynamics. More specifically, we consider a smart grid communication network where an arbitrary smart meter communicates with the metering head-end in a multi-hop manner. Spatial configuration of data aggregation points, which act as relays for the smart meter transmission, is captured using a homogeneous Poisson point process. Optimization of coverage by adaptation of a device level parameter such as transmit power and/or a network level parameter such as aggregation point density is also briefly discussed. The proposed framework is employed to quantify the performance degradation encountered in the presence of malicious black hole attackers. It is shown that the performance degradation can be measured in terms of “welfare loss” or equivalently in terms of outage probability difference. The cross layer approach adapted in this paper demonstrates that the end-to-end outage probability in the presence of attackers can be minimized by adapting the desired signal to noise ratio threshold or equivalently the transmission rate.
Stimulation of Midgut Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation by Insect Hormones and Peptides

Abstract: Stem cells derived from midguts of the caterpillar, Spodoptera littoralis, can be induced to multiply and differentiate in vitro. Ecdysone (E) and 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) had a concentration‐dependent effect: E was more active in cell proliferation and 20E in differentiation. Ecdysteroid receptors in midgut stem cell nuclei were stained with the antibody 9B9. In addition, α‐arylphorin and four midgut differentiation factors (MDF) specifically stimulated proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, respectively. The activity of a panel of peptide growth factors and hormones on growth and metamorphosis of the insect midgut is discussed.
Performance evaluation of proprioceptive sensor sets for civil-engineering articulated vehicle localisation

In order to localise civil-engineering vehicles, an extended Kalman filter is used, which combines the exteroceptive data given by a real-time kinematic GPS with proprioceptive measures issued by internal sensors. The main problem of this application is that the potential users of the system are reluctant to use additional encoder wheels. This paper proposes different sets of internal sensors and compares their respective performances so as to determine the best (and cheapest) alternative to odometry. Experimental results are presented from data obtained during trials carried out on an instrumented compactor.