Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adhesion of chicken hepatocytes to polyacrylamide gels derivatized with N-acetylglucosamine.

Complex carbohydrates on the surfaces of eukaryotic cells are thought to participate in a wide variety of cell-cell interactions. A model system has therefore been developed to study these processes. In the present experiments, the ability of chicken hepatocytes to recognize and adhere to sugars covalently linked to polyacrylamide gels was investigated. The gels were snythesized by two methods. Type I gels were prepared from a co-polymer of an active ester of acrylic acid (N-succinimidyl acrylate), acrylamide, and bisacrylamide. The "activated" polyacrylamide gel was then treated with the desired ligand containing an amino group, such as 6-aminohexyl O- or S-glycoside. Type II gels were formed by treating similar ligands with acryloyl chloride, followed by co-polymerization of the resulting N-substituted acrylamide with acrylamide and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. These polyacrylamide derivatives offer many advantages for studies with intact cells. They are not toxic to any cell type studied, can be cast in any desired shape, are transparent and stable over a wide range of pH values, and contain no cationic and low to negligible levels of anionic charge (charged groups can be introduced if desired), and the polyacrylamide matrix is stable to common biological agents such as bacteria and enzymes. In addition, type I gels can be synthesized using a broad range of molecules containing amino groups, such as glycopeptides, proteins, etc. The hepatocytes were prepared by collagenase perfusion of intact chicken livers. The rate and extent of adhesion of the cells to the derivatized gels was determined by measuring lactate dehydrogenase in these cells. This enzyme was also used to assay viability and cell "leakiness. " At 37 degrees C, 70 to 100% of the cells adhered within 60 min to gels derivatized with N-acetylglucosamine, i.e. gels derivatized with 6-aminohexyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside (or the corresponding thioglycoside). By contrast, less than 5% of the cells adhered to polyacrylamide or to gels derivatized with 6-aminohexanol or the 6-aminohexyl glycosides of beta-D-glucose, beta-D-galactose, alpha-D-mannose, beta-D-maltose, beta-D-melibiose, beta-D-cellobiose, and (alpha or beta)-D-lactose. Kinetic studies with the chicken hepatocytes and N-acetylglucosamine gels showed that cell-gel binding was dependent upon Ca2+ and was decreased at low temperatures. Binding was inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine or by glycosides of this sugar, the most effective inhibitor being orosomucoid (alpha1-acid glycoprotein) pretreated with sialidase and beta-galactosidase. The cell surface receptor(s) involved in this interaction is not known, but may be related or identical to the chicken liver binding protein described by Lunney and Ashwell (Lunney, J., and Ashwell, G. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 73, 341--343). The present results suggest that this model system should prove useful in delineating cell surface interactions with carbohydrates.
Techniques for Load Balancing in Wireless LAN

This suggests new strategies for balancing load in a wireless network connected in star topology. The loads are assigned to each processor using divisible load theory & Different techniques [II], [III], [IV], and [V]. Divisible load theory suggests that a load can be divided arbitrarily such that each fraction of the load can be independently assigned and computed in any processor present in the network. Wireless networks are connected in such a manner that they as assemble a distributed system most of the times, which makes load balancing an important technique to maximize the throughput from the system. A wireless sensor network generally consists of a base station (or Gateway) which communicates with other nodes present in the network. The other nodes are used for Measuring and collecting various environmental and Intelligence related data. The network that we have considered is connected with the central node being the base station and the other nodes are used for calculation of load distributed by the central node. Load balancing involves distribution of all computational and communicational activities over two or more processors, links or any other computational devices present in the network. The main thing behind this is load balancing is to reduce the execution time of the load and to make sure that all the resources present in the system are utilized optimally. The IEEE 802.11 standard does not provide any mechanism to resolve load imbalance. To reduce this deficiency, various load balancing schemes have been designed. These techniques commonly take the approach of directly controlling the user-AP association by deploying Proprietary client software or hardware. Load balancing Features in their device drivers, AP firm wares, and WLAN cards. In these solutions, APs broadcast their load levels to users via modified beacon messages and each user chooses the least-loaded AP.
Semantic Annotation for Enhancing Collaborative Ideation

Enhancing creativity has been paid a lot of attention recently, especially with the emergence of online collaborative ideation. Prior work has shown that, in addition to the exposure of diverse and creative examples, visualising the solution space enables ideators to be inspired and, thus, arrive at more creative ideas. However, existing automated approaches which assess the diversity of a set of examples fail on unstructured short text due to their reliance on similarity computation. Furthermore, the conceptual divergence cannot be easily captured for such representations. This research in progress introduces an approach based on semantic annotation to overcome these issues. The solution proposed formalizes user ideas into a set of annotated concepts and a matching mechanism is then used to compute the similarity between users' ideas. We aim also to create a visualisation of the solution space based on the similarity matrix obtained by a matching process between all ideas.
A fault attack robust TRNG

True random number generators (TRNGs) are used for cryptographic operations. By the use of TRNGs secret keys can be generated and the design can be made robust against attacks. In order to simplify further attacks the adversary tries to introduce some bias in the probability distribution of the TRNG output. A possibility to detect such attacks is shown in this paper. In difference to the most former publications all investigations are performed taking into account realistic technology parameters and parasitics.
Sevoflurane Requirements to Suppress Responses to Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation During Epidural Anesthesia with 0.5% and 1% Lidocaine

We sought to determine general anesthetic requirements to suppress skin vasomotor reflex (SVmR) and pupillary dilation (PD) in response to transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) during combined epidural-general anesthesia. Thirty-five patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups to epidurally receive 0.5% (Group 1) or 1% lidocaine (Group 2) with sevoflurane anesthesia. A bolus injection of either lidocaine was followed by the infusion of the same solution, and the central dermatomal level of loss of cold sensation (C) was determined. After the induction of general anesthesia with 5% sevoflurane and 67% nitrous oxide, nitrous oxide was discontinued, and sevoflurane concentration was decreased. TES was given at both site C and site three dermatomal segments (U) cephalad to C to determine the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration required to suppress SVmR and PD. End-tidal sevoflurane concentration that suppressed both responses was larger in Group 1 than in Group 2 at both sites and was larger at site U than at site C in both groups. We conclude that sevoflurane requirements to suppress SVmR and PD in response to TES during combined epidural-general anesthesia are different depending on the concentration of lidocaine and the site where surgical stimulation is applied.
Does this patient have an alcohol problem?

CLINICAL SCENARIO A 58-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for an elective cholecystectomy. At the time of admission, he smelled of alcohol, although he was not obviously intoxicated. On questioning he said he had come from a business lunch where he had "a drink. " When questioned about his alcohol history he became angry and defensive. He said he was "offended by the implications of these questions. " On the day following surgery he was found to be diaphoretic, tremulous, and hallucinating and was judged to be in alcohol withdrawal. Could other interviewing techniques have identified this man as one who was alcohol dependent and at risk of withdrawal? WHY IS THIS AN IMPORTANT QUESTION TO ANSWER WITH A CLINICAL EXAMINATION? It is estimated that more than 100 million Americans drink alcohol and that about 10% of those who drink have alcohol problems that adversely affect their lives and the lives
Inventory Best Practices

Preface. Chapter 1. Success or Failure with Best Practices. Chapter 2. Inventory Purchasing. Chapter 3. Inventory Receiving and Shipping. Chapter 4. Inventory Storage. Chapter 5. Inventory Picking. Chapter 6. Production Issues Impacting Inventory. Chapter 7. Inventory Transactions. Chapter 8. Inventory Planning and Management. Chapter 9. Warehouse Layout. Chapter 10. Cost Accounting. Chapter 11. Bills of Material. Chapter 12. Inventory Policies and Procedures. Chapter 13. Inventory Measurements. Appendix: Summary of Inventory Best Practices. Glossary. Index.
Small Business Satisfaction with Accounting Software

Abstract Although the use of computers in small business appears to be limited to accounting applications, little is known about this use of accounting software. To ascertain whether small business is satisfied with accounting software, a model of small business satisfaction with information technology was used in a survey of small enterprises in regional Sydney. The results showed that one particular package was widely used and its users were more satisfied than users of other accounting packages. In particular, its users were more satisfied with the documents generated by the package and with the quality of training provided than other software users. Users of other software packages were more dissatisfied with the quality of training provided. The results suggest that the training associated with off-the-shelf accounting packages may hinder their full utilisation within small business. Small business operators need to assess both the training and support associated with their purchase of such packages.
Identification of mutations in the F9 gene including exon deletion by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification in 33 unrelated Korean patients with haemophilia B

Summary. Haemophilia B (HB) is a rare X‐linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by a mutation in the F9 gene. The aims of this study were to characterize the mutation spectrum of F9 in Korean patients with HB to establish the optimal molecular diagnostic strategy and to find genotype–phenotype correlations. Study subjects consisted of 33 unrelated Korean patients with HB. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct sequencing of all exons and flanking sequences of F9. When large deletion was suspected from PCR failure, exon dosage test using multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed. We identified disease‐causing mutations in 32 out of 33 patients by direct sequencing analyses (mutation detection rate, 97%). A total of 28 unique mutations were detected, including 7 novel ones. Six mutations were recurrent but observed in no more than two patients. In the remaining one patient, exon 1 was not amplified, and MLPA analysis confirmed a large deletion involving exon 1. The genotype–phenotype correlations between the type of mutation and the severity of factor deficiency were not consistent, as has been previously reported. One patient developed inhibitor, and he was the patient with exon 1 deletion. Based on our results from 33 Korean patients with HB, which showed no hotspot for mutations, direct sequencing of all exons with flanking sequences is needed as the first‐line test. MLPA can be a feasible platform at clinical laboratories to detect large deletion mutations in suspected cases.
An Accurate Quadrature for the Numerical Integration of Polynomial Functions

The numerical integration of polynomial functions is one of the most interesting processes for numerical calculus and analyses, and represents thus, a compulsory step especially in finite elements analyses. Via the Gauss quadrature, the users concluded a great inconvenience that is processing at certain points which not required the based in finite element method points for deducting the form polynomials constants. In this paper, the same accuracy and efficiency as the Gauss quadrature extends for the numerical integration of the polynomial functions, but as such at the same points and nods have chosen for the determination of the form polynomials. Not just to profit from the values of the polynomials at those points and nods, but also from their first derivatives, the chosen points positions are arbitrary and the resulted deducted formulas are therefore different, as will be presented bellow and implemented.
Antioxidant Activity of Plicatin B on Cultured Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells Exposed to H2O2

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by promoting endothelial dysfunction and impairing vascular relaxation. Flavonoids are largely investigated for their biological properties and particularly for their scavenging and antioxidant properties. In the current study, we evaluated the clastogenicity of the chalcone plicatin B in peripheral human lymphocytes (whole blood and pure lymphocytes) as well as its antioxidant activity and its ability to contrast dysfunction on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) exposed to hydrogen peroxide. We measured in the cell culture medium the levels of 8-isoprostane, NOx, ET-1, and ICAM-1, as well as the expression of e-NOS, prepro-ET-1, and ICAM-1. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the chalcone plicatin B (1–10 μM) may represent a good candidate for the prevention of atherosclerosis, as it consistently reduces the oxidative/inflammatory process and is not genotoxic to human lymphocytes.
MATERNAL SOCIALIZATION OF EMOTION : IMPLICATIONS FOR EMOTION REGULATION AND CHILD DEPRESSION by

by RENEE A. SCHNEIDER (Under the Direction of Kimberly Shipman, Ph.D.) ABSTRACT Child depression is a serious mental health concern affecting millions of children and their families each year. Although research has yet to identify the etiological mechanisms responsible, findings suggest that emotion regulation deficits that emerge as a result of atypical socialization experiences in the parent-child relationship may place children at risk for depression. The present study was designed to examine the relations between maternal socialization of emotion, child emotion regulation, and child depression in a community sample of African American mother-child dyads. In particular, it was hypothesized that low levels of maternal validation and high levels of maternal invalidation would predict child depression and that deficits in adaptive emotion regulation would mediate the relation between maternal socialization of emotion and child depression. Consistent with hypotheses, maternal socialization predicted child depression. However, findings did not support the proposed relation between emotion regulation and child depression.
Effects of current smoking and smoking discontinuation on renal function and proteinuria in the general population.

BACKGROUND Smoking may adversely affect the progression of renal diseases. However, it is unknown whether smoking affects renal function in subjects without nephropathy. METHODS In 1998, 28,409 volunteers from the general population were examined at the Institut Régional pour la Santé (IRSA). Renal function was estimated with creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft formula. Dipstick proteinuria was assessed on an overnight urine sample by a trained technician. RESULTS Adjusted creatinine clearance was higher in current smokers than in former smokers and never smokers (100.6 +/- 13.6 vs. 98.8 +/- 13.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, P < 0.0001, and vs. 98.5 +/- 14.0 mL/min/1. 73 m2, P < 0.0001, respectively). This difference was predominant in men and weak in women, and was associated with the number of cigarettes smoked daily. The slope of the projected age-related decline in the creatinine clearance accelerated with age, but it was similar in current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers. Creatinine clearance was associated with a relative risk of proteinuria [for each mL/min/1.73 m2, the relative risk was 1.007 (95% CI, 1.000 to 1.015), P = 0.056, for 1+ or higher proteinuria; and 1.018 (1.004 to 1.030), P = 0.0078, for 2+ or higher proteinuria]. Current and former smokers had a marked risk of 2 or higher proteinuria [adjusted RR (95% CI), 3.26 (1.66 to 6.80), P = 0. 0009, and 2.69 (1.24 to 5.99), respectively, P = 0.013, vs. never smoking], which was independent of the daily or cumulative cigarette consumption. CONCLUSIONS In the general population, smokers do not exhibit lower creatinine clearance than never smokers. In fact, creatinine clearance is slightly higher in current smokers at least in men, even when normotensive and hypertensive subjects are analyzed separately, but the difference is small, especially in women. This effect seems reversible upon smoking discontinuation. Chronic smoking results in a marked risk of irreversible proteinuria that may occur despite moderate smoking.
The research of PID self-tuning based on fuzzy genetic algorithm

To solve the problem of the diverse control requirements and turning the control parameters in the modern complex industrial process, a new method of PID self-tuning is proposed based on the genetic algorithm and fuzzy theory. The approach is used to optimize the PID parameters of temperature controller in heating furnace. Experiments indicate that control indices, such as control error, the stableness of temperature change are improved and this approach can successfully optimize the parameters in complex industrial process.
Fast-flux botnet detection from network traffic

HTTP botnets have been a major threat to cyber security in recent years. Fast-flux technique can be detrimental to botnet detection techniques based on traffic analysis, due to its ability to hide bot traffic among normal traffic. In this paper we propose a new approach to detect hosts infected by HTTP bots. Our technique will not only detect traditional HTTP botnets but also fast-flux botnet traffic by analyzing network traffic data. The first stage of this approach is to cluster similar packets from traffic data irrespective of their origin, thus separating out traffic from a single botnet in one of the clusters. The second stage is to analyze the timing of the packets using power spectral density to identify any hidden patterns present in them. If similar packets belong to many destination addresses arrive, following a pattern, the traffic can be considered to be suspicious and the host, that originates these packets, may be infected by a bot with a fast-flux command and control server. Our technique can be easily applied to analyze the traffic of a single personal computer as well as a group of computers in an enterprise. It has detected malicious packets with a high sensitivity of 95.8% for traffic of more than five hours and a low false positive rate of 1.6% at the worst.
Neuroprotective effects of ginkgo biloba extract on brain damage induced by γ-radiation and lead acetate

Exposure to γ-radiation and/or lead causes numerous malfunctions in the brain. The present study was performed to investigate the possible protective effect of ginkgo biloba extract in ameliorating the biochemical changes induced in brain of rats by single exposure to 6Gy whole body γ-radiation and/or i.p. administration of lead acetate (25 mg/kg) daily for seven days. Ginkgo was orally administered in two dose levels 50 and 100 mg/kg for 7 successive days. Animals were classified into 10 groups: control, 6Gy irradiated, lead-treated, irradiated leadtreated, irradiated treated by ginkgo extract in both dose levels, lead-treated receiving ginkgo in both dose levels and irradiated lead-treated receiving ginkgo in both dose levels. Radiation and/or lead acetate increased brain oxidative stress biomarkers manifested by increased brain contents of lipid peroxides and nitric oxide parallel to depletion of reduced glutathione. In addition, brain dopamine (DA) content and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity increased; whereas cholinesterase (ChE) activity decreased. Furthermore, both toxicants increased brain contents of calcium and zinc; meanwhile iron content was decreased. Administration of ginkgo biloba, in both dose levels effectively alleviated radiationand lead-induced brain oxidative stress and restored the activities of LDH and ChE enzymes. In addition, ginkgo corrected the metabolic disturbances induced in brain by radiation and lead as reflected by lowering of DA, calcium and zinc contents parallel to increased iron content. In conclusion, ginkgo biloba extract can protect the brain against the hazards of exposure to γ-radiation and/or lead.
Adjuvant modified FOLFOX-4 in patients with stage III rectum adenocarcinoma.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy and toxicity of a modified 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), folinic acid, oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX-4) regimen followed by infusional 5-FU concomitant with radiotherapy for curatively resected stage III rectum adenocarcinoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between April 2005 and July 2009, 55 operated stage III rectum cancer patients were evaluated retrospectively. mFOLFOX-4 regimen (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 1st day, folinic acid 200 mg/m2 1st day, 5-FU 400 mg/m2 iv bolus 1st day, 5-FU 1600 mg/m2 46 hours continuous infusion) was applied every 2 weeks. After four courses of mFOLFOX-4, 50.4 Gy (1.8 Gy in 28 fractions) radiotherapy with continuous 5-FU 200 mg/m(2)/day by infusion pump were given. On completion of chemoradiation four more mFOLFOX-4 courses were given. RESULTS Median age of the patients was 54 years (range 23-73 years). Low anterior resection was performed in 37 (67.3%) and abdominoperineal resection in 16 (29.1%) . Ten (18.2%) patients were at stage IIIA, 24 (43.6%) at stage IIIB and 21 (38.2%) at stage IIIC. Planned chemotherapy cycles were completed in 92.7% of patients. Grades 3-4 toxicity included neutropenia (9.1%), febrile neutropenia (3.6%), anemia (3.6%), diarrhea (21.8%), neuropathy (9.1%), renal toxicity (3.6%), hepatotoxicity (5.5%). Median follow-up time was 30 (9-57) months. Local recurrence and distant metastasis was observed in 3 (5.5%) and 10 (18.2%) patients, respectively. Ten (18.2%) patients died during follow-up. Three years disease free survival and overall survival were 67.5% and 77.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION mFOLFOX-4 following chemoradiotherapy with continuous 5- FU infusion is an effective and well tolerated adjuvant treatment for stage III rectal carcinoma patients.