Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of a 3-degree-of-freedom upper limb rehabilitation exoskeleton robot

As an important branch of medical robot, rehabilitaction training robot for hemiplegic upper limbs is a hot research topic. Based on motor relearning program, it covers many technology fields, such as rehabilitation medicine, human anatomy, mechanics, computer science, and robotics, etc. With the developing of auxiliary robot, there are still some disadvantages in the existent devices, such as heavy weight, few degrees of freedom, non-portable, low accuracy. These defects make it difficult for the rehabilitation robot to be applied to the actual rehabilitation practice. In this paper, we designed a rehabilitation robot with three DOFs. Compared to the previous device, this design can overcome some shortcomings which makes it flexible, portable, light weight, high accuracy and easy to wear. In this paper, the general structure of the flexible robot manipulator is introduced. The experiment is designed to test and analyse the error in its movement. The application of flexible transmission can greatly reduce the weight of the patient's arm, but may lead to errors in accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to design experiments to test and analyse errors. The results show that the device can be easily and smartly dressed and has high accuracy.
Series compliance for an efficient running gait

The important message to take from this article is that a robot is a unified dynamic system comprising electronics, software, and mechanical components, and for certain tasks such as running, a significant portion of the behavior is best exhibited through natural dynamics of the mechanism. Therefore, the mechanical system must be specialized for the task and designed with the same care for dynamic control as the software control system. In constructing the ECD leg, we have attempted to follow this philosophy and design the mechanical system for the specific tasks of walking and running. The prototype actuator, with dynamics verified by testing, exhibited behavior that enabled running in simulation. The ECD leg builds on design revisions from the BiMASC prototype, and the successful experiments with Thumper hopping around the laboratory have proven the ideas and engineering behind the design. Prof. Grizzle's group at the University of Michigan has already demonstrated tentative walking with MABEL, and we expect to demonstrate robust and efficient walking and running gaits in the near future.
Frequency spectrum shaping using finite control set MPC with LQ lookahead

Finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) has been shown to be a very effective approach to control of power electronics and ac drives. It can address even demanding tasks such as frequency shaping of the current spectrum. However, its accuracy is limited by one-step ahead optimization of the cost function, neglecting long-term consequences of the control action. LQ lookahead is a technique of approximate dynamic programming that designs an approximation of the optimal cost-to-go function that is added as an additive term to the FCS-MPC cost function. We study the effect of this technique on the problem of frequency spectrum shaping of a three-phase voltage source inverter with RL load. We demonstrate in simulation and laboratory experiment that the proposed LQ lookahead approach offer a better compromise between spectrum shaping and current tracking error.
Antonius: a mobile search engine for the physical world

We introduce Antonius, a wearable system that is able to detect real-world objects based on their visual appearance. Users can search for objects and be directed to their current location on a 3D map. Our formative evaluation indicates that 3D representation is preferred to 2D maps to show an object's location, and that both stationary and mobile systems would be beneficial depending on the scenario.
Multimodal Search for Graphic Designers

This paper describes OMNIA, a system and interface for searching in multimodal image collections. OMNIA includes a set of tools which allow the user to retrieve assets using different features. The tools are based on extracting different types of asset features, which are content, aesthetic, and emotion. Visual-based features are used to retrieve assets using each of these tools. In addition, text-based features can be used to retrieve image assets based on content. Different datasets are used in OMNIA and retrieved assets are displayed in such a way which facilitates user navigation. It is shown how OMNIA can be used for simple, efficient, and intuitive asset search in the context of graphic design applications.
Phase-Aware Signal Processing for Automatic Speech Recognition

Conventional automatic speech recognition (ASR) often neglects the spectral phase information in its front-end and feature extraction stages. The aim of this paper is to show the impact that enhancement of the noisy spectral phase has on ASR accuracy when dealing with speech signals corrupted with additive noise. Apart from proof-of-concept experiments using clean spectral phase, we also present a phase enhancement method as a phase-aware front-end and modified group delay as a phaseaware feature extractor, and the combination thereof. In experiments, we demonstrate the improved performance for each individual component and their combination, compared to the conventional phase-unaware Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs)-based ASR. We observe that the estimated phase information used in the front-end or feature extraction component improves the ASR word accuracy rate (WAR) by 20.98 % absolute for noise corrupted speech (averaged over SNRs ranging from 0 to 20 dB).
Optimal offloading control for a mobile device based on a realistic battery model and semi-Markov decision process

Due to the limited battery capacity in mobile devices, the concept of mobile cloud computing (MCC) is proposed where some applications are offloaded from the local device to the cloud for higher energy efficiency. The portion of applications or tasks to be offloaded for remote processing should be judiciously determined. In this paper, the problem of optimal task dispatch, transmission, and execution in the MCC system is considered. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) is applied to the local mobile processor, whereas the RF transmitter of the mobile device can choose from multiple modulation schemes and bit rates. The power consumptions of the mobile components that cannot be directly controlled, e.g., the touch screen, GPU, audio codec, and I/O ports, are also accounted for through capturing their correlation with the mobile processor and RF transmitter. Finally, a realistic and accurate battery model is adopted in this work in order to estimate the battery energy loss rate in a more accurate way. This paper presents a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP)-based optimization framework, with the actions of different DVFS levels and modulation schemes/transimission bit rates and the objective of minimizing both the energy drawn from the battery and the average latency in request servicing. This paper derives the optimal solution, including the optimal DVFS policy, offloading rate, and transmission scheme, using linear programming combined with a heuristic search. Experiments are conducted on Qualcomm Snapdragon Mobile Development Platform MSM8660 to find the correlations among the power consumptions of the CPU, RF components, and other components. Simulation results show that the proposed optimal solution consistently outperforms some baseline algorithms.
Does the plasma composition affect the long-term evolution of relativistic jets?

We study the influence of the matter content of extragalactic jets on their morphology, dynamics and emission properties. For this purpose we consider jets of extremely different compositions, including pure leptonic and baryonic plasmas. Our work is based on two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of the long-term evolution of powerful extragalactic jets propagating into a homogeneous environment. The equation of state used in the simulations accounts for an arbitrary mixture of electrons, protons and electron–positron pairs. Using the hydrodynamic models, we have also computed synthetic radio maps and the thermal bremsstrahlung X-ray emission from their cavities. Although there is a difference of about three orders of magnitude in the temperatures of the cavities inflated by the simulated jets, we find that both the morphology and the dynamic behaviour are almost independent of the assumed composition of the jets. Their evolution proceeds in two distinct epochs. During the first one, multidimensional effects are unimportant and the jets propagate ballistically. The second epoch starts when the first larger vortices are produced near the jet head, causing the beam cross-section to increase and the jet to decelerate. The evolution of the cocoon and cavity is in agreement with a simple theoretical model. The beam velocities are relativistic (Γ≃4) at kiloparsec scales, supporting the idea that the X-ray emission of several extragalactic jets may be due to relativistically boosted CMB photons. The radio emission of all models is dominated by the contribution of the hotspots. All models exhibit a depression in the X-rays surface brightness of the cavity interior, in agreement with recent observations.
p53 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells in mice with chronic kidney disease

Aim To investigate the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to evaluate the effects of p53 on the osteogenic differentiation of the VSMCs. Methods Experimental models of CKD-associated vascular calcification generated by five-sixth (5/6) nephrectomy (Nx) and a high-phosphate (HP) diet were used in p53+/+ and p53–/– mice. Following 5/6 Nx, aortic calcification, markers of osteogenic differentiation, VSMCs and p53 protein in aortic tissues were studied. Results Aortic calcification was observed after eight weeks following 5/6 Nx in mice of both genotypes, and expression of the markers of osteogenic differentiation in the VSMCs was increased. These changes were continuously observed up to 12 weeks after 5/6 Nx, and particularly after 5/6 Nx + HP. Compared with p53+/+ mice, aortic calcification in p53–/– mice was more severe (p < 0.001). Expression of the markers of osteogenic differentiation was noticeably increased (p < 0.001), while expression of the marker of VSMCs had decreased (p < 0.001). Statistical analysis demonstrated that the markers of osteogenic differentiation were negatively correlated with p53, and the marker of VSMCs was positively correlated with p53 (p < 0.001). Conclusion p53 has the potential to negatively regulate the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs in CKD mice.
Continuous measurement of impulse responses on a circle using a uniformly moving microphone

We propose a continuous measurement technique which can be used to capture a large number of impulse responses within short time. The response of an acoustic system is continuously captured by a moving microphone, and the instantaneous impulse responses are computed by post-processing. The time-variance due to the movement of the microphone is compensated by employing a recently proposed system identification method. In this method, each sample of the captured signal is interpreted as the orthogonal expansion coefficient of the instantaneous impulse response. The impulse responses are computed from the interpolated orthogonal coefficients. This method is applied to the measurement on a circle. Based on the modal bandwidth of the spatio-temporal impulse response, the relation among the length of the impulse response, the angular speed of the microphone, and the effective number of measurements is revealed. The presented measurement technique was used to measure a large number of room impulse responses, and the results were compared with a conventional sequential measurement technique.
VISUALIZATION METHODS FOR TIME-DEPENDENT DATA-AN OVERVIEW

Visualization has been successfully applied to analyse time-dependent data for a long time now. Lately, a number of new approaches have been introduced, promising more effective graphs especially for large datasets and multiparameter data. In this paper, we give an overview on the visualization of time-series data and the available techniques. We provide a taxonomy and discuss general aspects of time-dependent data. After an overview on conventional techniques we discuss techniques for analysing time-dependent multivariate data sets in more detail. After this, we give an overview on dynamic presentation techniques and event-based visualization. 1 MOTIVATION AND BACKGROUND The analysis of time-series data is one of the most widely appearing problems in science, engineering, and business. In the last years this problem gained increasing importance due to the fact that more sensitive sensors in science and engineering and the widespread use of computers in corporations have increased the amount of time-series data collected by many magnitudes. For long, visualization has proven to be an effective approach to analyze time-series data. The motivation behind this approach is to exploit the phenomenal abilities of the human eye to detect structures in images. A well designed visualization can aid in answering the following questions for unknown temporal data (MacEachren 1995):
Discursive psychology, rhetoric and the issue of agency. [Texte anglais original]

Recent years have seen the growth of a movement which has aimed to re-orientate the discipline of psychology around the study of discourse. Generally known as discursive psychology, this movement has had a large effect on social psychology, particularly in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, Scandinavia and South America. Its effect in the United States has been less marked. Discursive psychology is part of the general movement of critical psychology, which has been reacting against mainst.
Tumoral indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 is regulated by monocytes and T lymphocytes collaboration in hepatocellular carcinoma

Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in cancer cells plays a critical role in tumor immunosuppression. However, the precise mechanisms regulating tumoral IDO1 expression in tumor milieus remain unclear. Here, we reported that IDO1 expression in tumor cells of hepatocelluar carcinomas (HCC), displayed a discrete rather than uniform pattern. In vitro culture, human hepatoma cell lines did not constitutively express IDO1. Interestingly, co-culture with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) significantly induced and maintained IDO1 expression in these tumor cells, predominantly through IFN-γ. Mechanistically, we showed that IDO1 expression in tumor cells was only induced when co-cultured with both T lymphocytes and monocytes. Moreover, the cooperation between T lymphocytes and monocytes played an indispensable role on the tumoral IDO1 expression in immunocompromised mice. Taken together, our data supported the notion that IDO1 expression in tumor cells might serve as a counter-regulatory mechanism regulated by immune system, and provided new insights into the collaborative action of different inflammatory cells in tumor immunosuppression.
Inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans vulval induction by gap-1 and by let-23 receptor tyrosine kinase.

During induction of the Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite vulva, a signal from the anchor cell activates the LET-23 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/LET-60 Ras/MPK-1 MAP kinase signaling pathway in the vulval precursor cells. We have characterized two mechanisms that limit the extent of vulval induction. First, we found that gap-1 may directly inhibit the LET-60 Ras signaling pathway. We identified the gap-1 gene in a genetic screen for inhibitors of vulval induction. gap-1 is predicted to encode a protein similar to GTPase-activating proteins that likely functions to inhibit the signaling activity of LET-60 Ras. A loss-of-function mutation in gap-1 suppresses the vulvaless phenotype of mutations in the let-60 ras signaling pathway, but a gap-1 single mutant does not exhibit excess vulval induction. Second, we found that let-23 EGFR prevents vulval induction in a cell-nonautonomous manner, in addition to its cell-autonomous role in activating the let-60 ras/mpk-1 signaling pathway. Using genetic mosaic analysis, we show that let-23 activity in the vulval precursor cell closest to the anchor cell (P6.p) prevents induction of vulval precursor cells further away from the anchor cell (P3.p, P4.p, and P8.p). This result suggests that LET-23 in proximal vulval precursor cells might bind and sequester the inductive signal LIN-3 EGF, thereby preventing diffusion of the inductive signal to distal vulval precursor cells.
A Non-standard Anisotropic Diffusion for Speckle Noise Removal

The main objective of this article is to develop a nonstandard partial differential equation-based anisotropic diffusion model for efficient edge-preserving denoising for speckle noised images. The standard total variation (TV)-based energy functional is not based on the multiplicative-ness of speckle noise which is inappropriate for a speckle noise removal. Moreover, TV-based models can easily lose fine structures and produce non-physical dissipation during the noise removal process. The principal feature in this article is an introduction of a new coefficient for the non-linear diffusion term of the Euler-Lagrange equation corresponding to the minimization of the energy functional. Combination of a new model with a texture-free residual parametrization enables us to overcome the drawback arising from use of the standard TV-based model. The numerical results indicate the effectiveness and robustness of the new model.
Zygomatic implant placement in conjunction with sinus bone grafting: the "extended sinus elevation technique." a case-cohort study.

PURPOSE The zygomatic implant is mainly indicated for the rehabilitation of extremely atrophied maxillae when bone augmentation should be avoided. One drawback of zygomatic implants, which typically pass through the sinus, is initial or late bone resorption around the implant neck, which can result in oroantral communications followed by possible infection of the sinus. To decrease the risk of sinus infection, a modified technique was developed to preserve the integrity of the sinus membrane and to regenerate bone around zygomatic implants using an extended sinus grafting approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with extremely atrophied maxillae were provided with one to four zygomatic implants in conjunction with sinus grafting, plus conventional auxiliary implants, for immediate support of a provisional full-arch maxillary prosthesis. Definitive prostheses were delivered at 6 months after implant placement. All patients underwent clinical and radiographic examinations at 6 months. RESULTS Twenty-two zygomatic and 23 conventional auxiliary implants were placed in 10 patients. The overall 6-month implant survival rate was 90.9% for zygomatic implants and 100% for auxiliary implants placed in the anterior area. Only two minor technical complications were seen, and clinical indicators (including probing pocket depth, keratinized tissue, and plaque and bleeding indices) were good in all patients. A substantial gain of radiographic bone around the zygomatic implants was observed. CONCLUSION The proposed technique led to successful prosthetic function for all patients. With the described technique, exposed implant threads within the maxillary antrum are eliminated and the potential for biologic complications is minimized.
E-fashion fusionist aiming for supportive and caring garments

The fashion industry is famous for their ability to let consumers desire to change. However, the last material innovation widely accepted by the fashion industry is from 1953. If the vogue world would gospel innovation and collaboration 'for the better' they can make a huge change in just 3 seasons. Garments can support the wearer: E-fashion starts caring for us! Current E-fashion projects are mainly about research and show that it is possible to advance fashionable garments. It isn't widely accepted and commercial yet. This paper explores the E-fashion fusionist [9] approach: participatory design via prototyping [1] and an iterative research-through-design [15] process to create desirable E-fashion. Design experiences show that implementation of fashion principles is a key element to fuse E-fashion in society.
A community-based study of chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND Most previous estimates of the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have derived largely from treated populations, and have been biased by differential access to health care treatment linked with sex, ethnic identification, and socioeconomic status. OBJECTIVE To assess the point prevalence of CFS in an ethnically diverse random community sample. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS A sample of 28,673 adults in Chicago, Ill, was screened by telephone, and those with CFS-like symptoms were medically evaluated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES AND ANALYSES: Self-report questionnaires, psychiatric evaluations, and complete medical examinations with laboratory testing were used to diagnose patients with CFS. Univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were used to delineate the overall rate of CFS in this population, and its relative prevalence was subcategorized by sex, ethnic identification, age, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS There was a 65.1% completion rate for the telephone interviews during the first phase of the study. Findings indicated that CFS occurs in about 0.42% (95% confidence interval, 0.29%-0.56%) of this random community-based sample. The highest levels of CFS were consistently found among women, minority groups, and persons with lower levels of education and occupational status. CONCLUSIONS Chronic fatigue syndrome is a common chronic health condition, especially for women, occurring across ethnic groups. Earlier findings suggesting that CFS is a syndrome primarily affecting white, middle-class patients were not supported by our findings.
Band Selection Using Improved Sparse Subspace Clustering for Hyperspectral Imagery Classification

An improved sparse subspace clustering (ISSC) method is proposed to select an appropriate band subset for hyperspectral imagery (HSI) classification. The ISSC assumes that band vectors are sampled from a union of low-dimensional orthogonal subspaces and each band can be sparsely represented as a linear or affine combination of other bands within its subspace. First, the ISSC represents band vectors with sparse coefficient vectors by solving the L2-norm optimization problem using the least square regression (LSR) algorithm. The sparse and block diagonal structure of the coefficient matrix from LSR leads to correct segmentation of band vectors. Second, the angular similarity measurement is presented and utilized to construct the similarity matrix. Third, the distribution compactness (DC) plot algorithm is used to estimate an appropriate size of the band subset. Finally, spectral clustering is implemented to segment the similarity matrix and the desired ISSC band subset is found. Four groups of experiments on three widely used HSI datasets are performed to test the performance of ISSC for selecting bands in classification. In addition, the following six state-of-the-art band selection methods are used to make comparisons: linear constrained minimum variance-based band correlation constraint (LCMV-BCC), affinity propagation (AP), spectral information divergence (SID), maximum-variance principal component analysis (MVPCA), sparse representation-based band selection (SpaBS), and sparse nonnegative matrix factorization (SNMF). Experimental results show that the ISSC has the second shortest computational time and also outperforms the other six methods in classification accuracy when using an appropriate band number obtained by the DC plot algorithm.