Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Tests and Diagnosis for Delay Faults Using Path Segmentation

Diagnosis of integrated circuits is an arduous process. Tools are needed which aid developers locating circuit's faulty parts faster. In this work path delay faults are considered. A simulation based diagnosis algorithm using diagnostic test patterns is introduced for locating the cause of the delay fault. Initial paths are segmented to improve the diagnosis accuracy. For each segment, additional diagnostic test patterns are generated using a solver for Boolean Satisfiability. The experimental results show that a significant improvement of the diagnostic accuracy is achievable with our approach.
A Visual Dashboard for Moving Health Technologies From “Lab to Village”

New technologies are an important way of addressing global health challenges and human development. However, the road for new technologies from “lab to village” is neither simple nor straightforward. Until recently, there has been no conceptual framework for analyzing and addressing the myriad forces and issues involved in moving health technologies from the lab to those who need them. Recently, based on empirical research, we published such a model. In this paper, we focus on extending the model into a dashboard and examine how this dashboard can be used to manage the information related to the path from lab to village. The next step will be for groups interested in global health, and even the public via the Internet, to use the tool to help guide technologies down this tricky path to improve global health and foster human development.
Importance of performance information in managerial work

– The purpose of this study is to analyse the connection between managerial job and importance of job‐relevant performance information. , – Two hypotheses on the relationship of the nature of job to the job‐relevant information are tested by survey data gathered in spring 2008. The data include responses from 76 Finnish CEOs in manufacturing industry. Managerial job, information, and information gap types are extracted by the factor analysis. The hypotheses are tested by the regression analysis. , – Evidence shows that the type of job strongly influences the importance of different information types in managerial work. However, information gap does not depend on the type of work but on contextual variables. , – The results limited by the small sample size and industry. Larger data, advanced statistical methods, and different constructs to measure managerial job and contextual variables should be used in further studies. , – Contingency factors are important in affecting the nature of managerial job. Managerial job largely determines the importance of information but the gap of information depends on contextual environment. It is important to take account of the nature of managerial job in designing information systems. , – This study shows that managerial job mediates the effect of contingency factors on the importance of information. However, these factors have a direct effect on the gap of information.
Renyi entropy, guesswork moments, and large deviations

For a large class of stationary probability measures on A/sup N/, where A is a finite alphabet, we compute the specific Renyi entropy of order /spl alpha/ and the specific guesswork moments of order /spl beta/ > -1. We show that the specific guesswork moment of order /spl beta/ equals the specific Renyi entropy of order /spl alpha/ = 1 / (1 + /spl beta/) multiplied by /spl beta/. The method is based on energy-entropy estimates suggested by statistical physics. The technique also yields a simple proof of the large deviation principle for the empirical measure on the space of an irreducible sofic shift with reference probability measure /spl nu/, which is stationary and satisfies a rate condition on the probability of allowed words.
Resampling and the detection of LSB matching in color bitmaps

We consider the problem of detecting the presence of hidden data in colour bitmap images. Like straightforward LSB Replacement, LSB Matching (which randomly increments or decrements cover pixels to embed the hidden data in the least significant bits) is attractive because it is extremely simple to implement. It has proved much harder to detect than LSB Replacement because it does not introduce the same asymmetries into the stego image. We expand our recently-developed techniques for the detection of LSB Matching in grayscale images into the full-colour case. Not everything goes through smoothly but the end result is much improved detection, especially for cover images which have been stored as JPEG files, even if subsequently resampled. Evaluation of steganalysis statistics is performed using a distributed steganalysis project. Because evaluation of reliability of detectors for LSB Matching is limited, we begin with a review of the previously-known detectors.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses at the Animal–Human Interface in Vietnam, 2003–2010

Mutation and reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses at the animal-human interface remain a major concern for emergence of viruses with pandemic potential. To understand the relationship of H5N1 viruses circulating in poultry and those isolated from humans, comprehensive phylogenetic and molecular analyses of viruses collected from both hosts in Vietnam between 2003 and 2010 were performed. We examined the temporal and spatial distribution of human cases relative to H5N1 poultry outbreaks and characterized the genetic lineages and amino acid substitutions in each gene segment identified in humans relative to closely related viruses from avian hosts. Six hemagglutinin clades and 8 genotypes were identified in humans, all of which were initially identified in poultry. Several amino acid mutations throughout the genomes of viruses isolated from humans were identified, indicating the potential for poultry viruses infecting humans to rapidly acquire molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation and antiviral resistance.
Neurodegeneration and Motor Dysfunction in Mice Lacking Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: Implications for Parkinson's Disease

Previous studies have reported elevated levels of biogenic aldehydes in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In the brain, aldehydes are primarily detoxified by aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH). Reduced ALDH1 expression in surviving midbrain dopamine neurons has been reported in brains of patients who died with PD. In addition, impaired complex I activity, which is well documented in PD, reduces the availability of the NAD+ co-factor required by multiple ALDH isoforms to catalyze the removal of biogenic aldehydes. We hypothesized that chronically decreased function of multiple aldehyde dehydrogenases consequent to exposure to environmental toxins and/or reduced ALDH expression, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of PD. To address this hypothesis, we generated mice null for Aldh1a1 and Aldh2, the two isoforms known to be expressed in substantia nigra dopamine neurons. Aldh1a1−/−×Aldh2−/− mice exhibited age-dependent deficits in motor performance assessed by gait analysis and by performance on an accelerating rotarod. Intraperitoneal administration of L-DOPA plus benserazide alleviated the deficits in motor performance. We observed a significant loss of neurons immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra and a reduction of dopamine and metabolites in the striatum of Aldh1a1−/−×Aldh2−/− mice. We also observed significant increases in biogenic aldehydes reported to be neurotoxic, including 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and the aldehyde intermediate of dopamine metabolism, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL). These results support the hypothesis that impaired detoxification of biogenic aldehydes may be important in the pathophysiology of PD and suggest that Aldh1a1−/−×Aldh2−/− mice may be a useful animal model of PD.
TOPICAL BETAMETHASONE FOR THE PREVENTION OF ACUTE RADIATION DERMATITIS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS.

Background: Acute radiation dermatitis is a very common side effect of radiation therapy in large numbers of cancers including breast cancer. Despite high prevalence rate of acute radiation dermatitis and also wet desquamation, a few trials on prophylaxis of this complication using topical treatment have been conducted. Despite effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in treatment of acute radiation dermatitis which are focused in the literature, yet there are some controve rsy about their usage in this regard. For this reason we attempted to investigate this subj ect via conducting a clinical trial. Materials and Methods: This trial included 76 patients with pathologic diagnosis of breast cancer for whom radiotherapy has been planned. Patients were 27-70 years old. Patients with radical mastectomy received 5000 cGy within 5 weeks, and those with conservative surgery received 6000 cGy within 6 weeks divided in 200 centigray fractions. Patients were divided randomly into two groups, betamethasone and placebo, 38 patients in each group. In placebo group, 3 patients did not attend for weekly assessment. Additional one patient did not refer during follow-up period. Thus, they were excluded from the study. One group was given betamethasone 0.1% and other group was administered base of ointment as placebo.All patients consumed drug or placebo from the 1st day of treatment until one week after treatment completion as twice daily within tangential field. Patients were monitored for assessing dermatitis severity and its symptoms and also possible drug adverse effects one week after the therapy commenced and afterwards by one-week intervals as well as in an appointed day. Th ree weeks after termination of therapy, patients were also visited, and each examination provided information about dermatologic complications which were registered in the questionnaire. Results: Mean times development of dermatitis in both betamethasone and placebo groups were 3.2500 and 2.2571 (weeks) respectively (t=-3.898 , p< 0.001). Maximal dermatitis intensity during treatment in betamethasone group was 3.5% 0, 86.8% I, 7.9% II, 0% III, 0% IV and in base of ointment receiving group were 0 %, 60% , 37.1%, 2.9% and 0% (P = 0.008), respectively. Maximum severity of complaints stated by patients in terms of burning and pruritus had been lesser in betamethasone group (P< 0.001). No significant differences were observed between two groups in terms of pain intensity. Conclusion: Betamethasone valerate ointment is statistical ly significantly more effective than base of ointment alone in reducing acute radiation dermatitis. Iran. J. Radiat. Res.; 2003, 1(2): 105 – 111.
Genetic Algorithm as a Tool of Fuzzy Parameters and Cutting Forces Optimization

The classification of solved signal features for manufacturing process condition monitoring has been carried out using fuzzy parameters optimization processing. In cases where assumptions in respect of nonlinear behavior cannot be made, the need to describe mathematically, ever increasing complexity become difficult and perhaps infeasible. The optimization possibilities of the fuzzy system parameters using genetic algorithms are studied. An analytical function determines the positions of the output fuzzy sets in each mapping process, that substitute the fuzzy rule base used in conventional approach. We realize case adaptation by adjusting the fuzzy sets parameters. Fuzzy parameters within optimization procedure could be multiobjectiv e. We solve also the system for cutting process simulation, which contains the experimental model and the simulation model based on genetic algorithms. There is developed a genetic algorithm based simulation procedure for the prediction of the cutting forces. These genetic algorithms methodologies are suitable for fuzzy implementation control and for solution of large-scale problems. I. I NTRODUCTION We evaluate cutting conditions subjected to various machinery and manufacturing constraints to ensure the process quality and process efficiency. The operation of the cutting forces simulation model can be confirmed by experimental results. The solved problem applies also fuzzy set theory mathematization approach. Stable cutting experiments are defined by straight cutting using parameters of technology. Unstable cutting experiments consist of different causes of instabilities . The realized simulation process is based on genetic algorithm and on the analytical formulation of the cutting process components. Genetic algorithm may be applied generally without recourse to domain-specific heuristics. Compared to traditional simulation process and optimization methodologies, a genetic algorithm is global and robust. We use some artificial intelligence tools, such as expert system, genetic algorithm methodology and fuzzy set theory principles. These approaches cooperate each other. We use also progressive internet technology tools. The optimization and the
Qualitative analysis of an educational intervention with HIV-discordant heterosexual Latino couples.

OBJECTIVE This qualitative analysis elucidates the potential elements of the intervention that may be effective in terms of a) increasing knowledge about HIV/ AIDS in the members of this population; b) increasing the use of male condoms and the practice of mutual masturbation; and c) changing opinions toward male condom use and mutual masturbation. METHODS Five heterosexual HIV-discordant couples participated in the adapted intervention, which consisted of four three-hour-long sessions. One month after the intervention, we conducted a qualitative semi-structured interview with every participant to evaluate issues related to the process and content of the activities comprising the intervention, the impact of the intervention, logistics, and recruitment and retention as well as to make a more general evaluation. The information was submitted to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS After the intervention, participants reported having better attitudes regarding safer sex, particularly in terms of condom use. A reason given by the participants to feel more positive toward condom use and mutual masturbation was that these practices could prevent the infection of the HIV-negative partner. CONCLUSION This study provides important evidence of an intervention that promises to be efficacious in preventing some high-risk sexual behaviors among Latino HIV-discordant heterosexual couples. The evidence presented seems to suggest that an intervention that includes basic relevant information about HIV/AIDS, that explains the benefits of condom use and other safer sex options, and that provides effective negotiation and communication strategies could significantly reduce HIV transmission among these couples.
Action representation and partially observable planning using epistemic logic

We propose a purely logical framework for planning in partially observable environments. Knowledge states are expressed in a suitable fragment of the epistemic logic S5. We show how to lift the effects of actions (both physical actions and sensing actions) from the state level to the epistemic level. We show how progression, regression and plan generation can be achieved in our framework.
Schema Mapping for RDBMS

Roller skates which utilize a single row of narrow wheels to support each skate include housings in a blade-like support for the skate wheels. A friction plate or bar is disposed along the side of the support and is dragged along the skating surface to stop movement of the skate. A plasticly deformable pivot is mounted at each end of the blade-like support to permit spinning movement thereon.
Performance of IR Models on Duplicate Bug Report Detection: A Comparative Study

Open source projects incorporate bug triagers to help with the task of bug report assignment to developers. One of the tasks of a triager is to identify whether an incoming bug report is a duplicate of a pre-existing report. In order to detect duplicate bug reports, a triager either relies on his memory and experience or on the search capabilties of the bug repository. Both these approaches can be time consuming for the triager and may also lead to the misidentification of duplicates. It has also been suggested that duplicate bug reports are not necessarily harmful, instead they can complement each other to provide additional information for developers to investigate the defect at hand. This motivates the need for automated or semi-automated techniques for duplicate bug detection. In the literature, two main approaches have been proposed to solve this problem. The first approach is to prevent duplicate reports from reaching developers by automatically filtering them while the second approach deals with offering the triager a list of top-N similar bug reports, allowing the triager to compare the incoming bug report with the ones provided in the list. Previous works have tried to enhance the quality of the suggested lists, but the approaches either suffered a poor Recall Rate or they incurred additional runtime overhead, making the deployment of a retrieval system impractical. To the extent of our knowledge, there has been little work done to do an exhaustive comparison of the performance of different Information Retrieval Models (especially using more recent techniques such as topic modeling) on this problem and understanding the effectiveness of different heuristics across various application domains. In this thesis, we compare the performance of word based models (derivatives of the Vector Space Model) such as TF-IDF, Log-Entropy with that of topic based models such as Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Random Indexing (RI). We leverage heuristics that incorporate exception stack frames, surface features, summary and long description from the free-form text in the bug report. We perform experiments on subsets of bug reports from Eclipse and Firefox and achieve a recall rate of 60% and 58% respectively. We find that word based models, in particular a Log-Entropy based weighting scheme, outperform topic based ones such as LSI and LDA. Using historical bug data from Eclipse and NetBeans, we determine the optimal time frame for a desired level of duplicate bug report coverage. We realize an Online Duplicate Detection Framework that uses a sliding window of a constant time frame as a first step towards simulating incoming bug reports and recommending duplicates to the end user.
A reconfigurable mobile sensor network system for rough terrain

This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel reconfigurable mobile sensor network system for rough terrain. The proposed system is composed of modular robotic nodes that can be physically connected and disconnected to transform into various configurations. Therefore, they can adapt to changing terrain conditions in real-world applications. The nodes communicate with each other through the ZigBee protocol and therefore they can be wirelessly connected to form a ZigBee-based sensor network. Two gait planning methods have been proposed to enable a three-node assembly and each individual node to crawl like an inchworm. The basic locomotion performance of the implemented prototype system has been verified in the slope-climbing and self-deployment experiments.
Experiments for NTCIR-11 RITE-VAL Task at Shibaura Institute of Technology

This paper reports the evaluation results of our textual entailment system at NTCIR-11 RITE-VAL task. We participated in the Japanese System Validation (SV) and Fact Validation (FV) subtasks. In our system, the meaning of a text is represented as a set of dependency triples consisting of two words and their relation. Comparing two sets of dependency triples with respect to conceptual similarity, we determine a correspondence between dependency triples, and (cid:28)nally identify textual entailment based on the overlap of dependency triples. This paper provides a description of our algorithm, the evaluation results and discussion on the results.
Characterization of small arteries isolated from the human placental chorionic plate.

Despite the essential role of the placenta in pregnancy, the control of the blood flow within the fetoplacental circulation is poorly understood. A handful of myography studies have directly assessed the role of vasoactive agonists in fetoplacental vasculature contractility but have used a range of steady-state conditions. Our aim, therefore, was to determine the optimal vessel diameter and oxygen tension to assess vascular function in small arteries isolated from the chorionic plate of normal term placentae. Biopsies were obtained from term placentae from uncomplicated pregnancies. Small arteries were dissected from the chorionic plate, mounted onto a wire myograph in HCO3(-) -buffered physiological salt solution at 37 degrees C and equilibrated for 20 min. Two methods for normalization of the optimal length/diameter for contractility of chorionic plate small arteries were assessed. Both classical normalization (CN) and length-tension curve (LTC) methods produced similar data. These data were agonist-independent. Data for CN and LTC were unaffected but maximal force generation (for U46619) was decreased in reduced oxygen tensions. Using conditions for optimal tension production in chorionic plate small arteries the thromboxane-mimetic U46619 produced the greatest and most reproducible constrictive effect. Relaxations were only achieved with endothelial-independent agonists (sodium nitroprusside and papaverine).
Hybrid independent component analysis and support vector machine learning scheme for face detection

We propose a new hybrid unsupervised/supervised learning scheme that integrates independent component analysis (ICA) with the support vector machine (SVM) approach and apply this new learning scheme to the face detection problem. In low-level feature extraction, ICA produces independent image bases that emphasize edge information in the image data. In high-level classification, SVM classifies the ICA features as a face or non-faces. Our experimental results show that by using ICA features we obtain a larger margin of separation and fewer support vectors than by training SVM directly on the image data. This indicates better generalization performance, which is verified in our experiments.
Crystal Structure of a Schistosoma mansoni Septin Reveals the Phenomenon of Strand Slippage in Septins Dependent on the Nature of the Bound Nucleotide*

Background: Septins are filament-forming proteins involved in membrane-remodeling events. Results: Two crystal structures of a septin with the highest resolution to date reveal the phenomenon of β-strand slippage. Conclusion: A novel mechanistic framework for the influence of the nature of the bound nucleotide and the presence of Mg2+ in septins is proposed. Significance: Identification of strand slippage might contribute to elucidating the mechanism of septin association with membranes. Septins are filament-forming GTP-binding proteins involved in important cellular events, such as cytokinesis, barrier formation, and membrane remodeling. Here, we present two crystal structures of the GTPase domain of a Schistosoma mansoni septin (SmSEPT10), one bound to GDP and the other to GTP. The structures have been solved at an unprecedented resolution for septins (1.93 and 2.1 Å, respectively), which has allowed for unambiguous structural assignment of regions previously poorly defined. Consequently, we provide a reliable model for functional interpretation and a solid foundation for future structural studies. Upon comparing the two complexes, we observe for the first time the phenomenon of a strand slippage in septins. Such slippage generates a front-back communication mechanism between the G and NC interfaces. These data provide a novel mechanistic framework for the influence of nucleotide binding to the GTPase domain, opening new possibilities for the study of the dynamics of septin filaments.