Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The expression and development of teachers' capacities within two learning communities : a participant-observer case study

The learning community model has been an integral component of teacher development in Ontarian schools and beyond. This research was conducted to understand how teachers' personal capacity and professional, interpersonal, and organizational competencies are developed and expressed within this context. Nineteen elementary teachers and administrators participated in the study from November through January 2007. A qualitative case study methodology was used to investigate the role ofteachers' capacities and competencies in learning communities. Combined data sources from semistructured interviews, research journals, and document review were used to gather data about teachers' capacities and competencies. The study included 3 phases of analysis. In the final phase the analysis provided 3 qualities of the teachers at Jude and Mountain Schools (pseudonyms): identification as professionals, investment in others, and institutional affiliation that may explain how they differed from other educators. The data revealed these three themes, which provided an understanding of educators at Jude and Mountain Schools as dedicated professionals pushing practices to contribute to school life and address student learning needs, and as teachers who reflected on practices to continue expanding their skills. Teachers were heavily invested in creating a caring culture and in students' and team members' learning. Educators actively participated in solving problems and coplanning throughout the school levels and beyond, assumed collective responsibility for all pupils, and focused on generating school-wide consistent practices. These qualities and action patterns revealed teachers who invested time and effort in their colleagues, who committed to develop as professionals, and who affiliated closely with every aspect of school living.
Local Group Delay Based Vibrato and Tremolo Suppression for Onset Detection

In this paper we present a new vibrato and tremolo suppression technique for onset detection. It weights the differences of the magnitude spectrogram used for the calculation of the spectral flux onset detection function on the basis of the local group delay information. With this weighting technique applied, the onset detection function is able to reliably distinguish between genuine onsets and spectral energy peaks originating from vibrato or tremolo present in the signal and lowers the number of false positive detections considerably. Especially in cases of music with numerous vibratos and tremolos (e.g. opera singing or string performances) the number of false positive detections can be reduced by up to 50% without missing any additional events. Performance is evaluated and compared to current state-of-the-art algorithms using three different datasets comprising mixed audio material (25,927 onsets), violin recordings (7,677 onsets) and solo voice recordings of operas (1,448 onsets).
Improve the Prediction Accuracy of Naïve Bayes Classifier with Association Rule Mining

Nowadays, big data contains infinite business opportunities. Companies begin to analyze their data to predict their potential customers and business decisions using Naïve Bayes Classifier, Association Rule Mining, Decision Tree and other famous algorithms. An accurate classification result may help companies leading in its industry. Companies seek to find feasible business intelligences to obtain reliable prediction results. In this paper we propose an association rule mining to improve Naïve Bayes Classifier. Naïve Bayes Classifier is one of the famous algorithm in big data classification but based on an independent assumptions between features. Association rule mining is popular and useful for discovering relations between inputs in big data analysis. We use bank marketing data set to illustrate in this work. In general, this work is helpful to all the business data set.
Labour supply estimates for married women in Australia

This analysis uses a sample selection model to estimate the hours of work decision for married women in Australia using unit record data for 1995 and 1996. Hours of work are found to be positively related to the after tax wage rate and negatively related to unearned income (which includes social security benefits). Other characteristics of married women are also found to have an effect on the labour supply decision. Wage elasticities are calculated from the results of the labour supply estimation. These show considerable heterogeneity in married women's responsiveness to the wage rate between different demographic types.
Distant Cluster Hunting. II. A Comparison of X-Ray and Optical Cluster Detection Techniques and Catalogs from the ROSAT Optical X-Ray Survey

We present and analyze the optical and X-ray catalogs of moderate-redshift cluster candidates from the ROSAT Optical X-Ray Survey, or ROXS. The survey covers the sky area contained in the fields of view of 23 deep archival ROSAT PSPC pointings, 4.8 square degrees. The cross-correlated cluster catalogs were constructed by comparing two independent catalogs extracted from the optical and X-ray bandpasses, using a matched-filter technique for the optical data and a wavelet technique for the X-ray data. We cross-identified cluster candidates in each catalog. As reported in Paper I, the matched-filter technique found optical counterparts for at least 60% (26 out of 43) of the X-ray cluster candidates; the estimated redshifts from the matched filter algorithm agree with at least 7 of 11 spectroscopic confirmations (Δz ≲ 0.10). The matched filter technique, with an imaging sensitivity of mI ~ 23, identified approximately 3 times the number of candidates (155 candidates, 142 with a detection confidence >3 σ) found in the X-ray survey of nearly the same area. There are 57 X-ray candidates, 43 of which are unobscured by scattered light or bright stars in the optical images. Twenty-six of these have fairly secure optical counterparts. We find that the matched filter algorithm, when applied to images with galaxy flux sensitivities of mI ~ 23, is fairly well-matched to discovering z ≤ 1 clusters detected by wavelets in ROSAT PSPC exposures of 8000-60,000 s. The difference in the spurious fractions between the optical and X-ray (30% and 10%, respectively) cannot account for the difference in source number. In Paper I, we compared the optical and X-ray cluster luminosity functions and we found that the luminosity functions are consistent if the relationship between X-ray and optical luminosities is steep (LX ∝ L). Here, in Paper II, we present the cluster catalogs and a numerical simulation of the ROXS. We also present color-magnitude plots for several of the cluster candidates, and examine the prominence of the red sequence in each. We find that the X-ray clusters in our survey do not all have a prominent red sequence. We conclude that while the red sequence may be a distinct feature in the color-magnitude plots for virialized massive clusters, it may be less distinct in lower mass clusters of galaxies at even moderate redshifts. Multiple, complementary methods of selecting and defining clusters may be essential, particularly at high redshift where all methods start to run into completeness limits, incomplete understanding of physical evolution, and projection effects.
Context-Aware Handoff on Smartphones

Nowadays smartphone users often enjoy the availability of multi-networks by switching between the networks for better network performance, energy efficiency of smartphones, and more data offloading to less expensive networks. However, network switching inevitably brings about network disruptions leading to user experience degradation. In this paper, we propose an application context model that is used in conjunction with a heuristic network selection mechanism, which selects a network using three metrics (i.e., network performance, energy consumption, and cost). A Bayes classifier is used to provide a probability for the network selection given applications running during network disruptions. We construct the classifier via crowd-sourced data by considering smartphone users profile and the operating environments. We implement a prototype context-aware handoff on the Android platform and conducted an experiment in a real world scenario through one case study, switching between cellular and WiFi networks. The evaluation results suggest that context aware handoff achieves 25% energy cost, nearly one-third data offloading, and more than twice throughput with only one third of the network switchings.
A review of factors that influenced online trust in social commerce

The recent advancements in social media and electronic commerce have produced a new business model called social commerce. This new business model has facilitated online business transactions via social media. Despite the advancement of technology, the issue of online trust has increased in social commerce. The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence online trust in social commerce. Seven models related to online trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and social commerce were reviewed and analyzed. This has resulted in identifying six factors, which are usefulness, ease of use, security, privacy, website design, and electronic word of mouth; as the most influential factors that influence online trust in social commerce. Discussion and direction of future work are pointed out in this paper.
A virtualized testbed with physical outlets for hands-on computer networking education

Many computer science curricula include practical courses to undergraduate and graduate students to offer them hands-on networking experience by connecting PCs, switches, and routers in a testbed. Such testbeds are expensive, bulky, energy-intensive, and cause heat problems. Virtualization of PCs and routers on commodity hardware is a solution to those problems. A challenge is to provide physical interfaces for the virtualized components so that students still have the hands-on experience including cabling. In this work, we propose a solution based on inexpensive hardware that can be mounted in a standard 19-inch cabinet. As WiFi adapters, headsets, or additional serial interfaces are needed for advanced experiments, we provide means to connect them as USB devices to virtualized PCs and routers. The system is configured so that students have only access to the virtual machines and their physical interfaces.
The Mitochondrial Myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-like Episode Syndrome-associated Human Mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) Mutation Causes Aminoacylation Deficiency and Concomitant Reduced Association of mRNA with Ribosomes*

The pathogenetic mechanism of the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) A3243G transition associated with the mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome has been investigated in transmitochondrial cell lines constructed by transfer of mutant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-carrying mitochondria from three genetically unrelated MELAS patients or of isogenic wild-type mtDNA-carrying organelles into human mtDNA-less cells. An in vivofootprinting analysis of the mtDNA segment within the tRNALeu(UUR) gene that binds the transcription termination factor failed to reveal any difference in occupancy of sites or qualitative interaction with the protein between mutant and wild-type mtDNAs. Cell lines nearly homoplasmic for the mutation exhibited a strong (70–75%) reduction in the level of aminoacylated tRNALeu(UUR) and a decrease in mitochondrial protein synthesis rate. The latter, however, did not show any significant correlation between synthesis defect of the individual polypeptides and number or proportion of UUR codons in their mRNAs, suggesting that another step, other than elongation, may be affected. Sedimentation analysis in sucrose gradient showed a reduction in size of the mitochondrial polysomes, while the distribution of the two rRNA components and of the mRNAs revealed decreased association of mRNA with ribosomes and, in the most affected cell line, pronounced degradation of the mRNA associated with slowly sedimenting structures. Therefore, several lines of evidence indicate that the protein synthesis defect in A3243G MELAS mutation-carrying cells is mainly due to a reduced association of mRNA with ribosomes, possibly as a consequence of the tRNALeu(UUR)aminoacylation defect.
Identification of contemporaneous component loading for extrapolated primary loads in wind turbines

This paper describes the statistical identification of component loading occurring at the same instant as an extrapolated primary 50 year extreme load. As it is not feasible to simulate a full lifetime of fluctuating wind turbine loads to determine the largest extreme value, extrapolation to a 50 year or other desired long-term return period is performed based on limited simulation data. For specific wind turbine component design, it is required to identify other simultaneously applied loading corresponding to this long-term extrapolated load level. This identification is performed using statistical methods, since an appropriate loads simulation time series directly giving loads at the extrapolated load level is unavailable. The statistical behavior of each contemporaneous load in the simulation time series that was used to determine the extrapolated load is illustrated by the histogram. Since this histogram is in general skewed, the mean value of the corresponding data may not be an appropriate value for such contemporaneous loads. Instead, in this paper, a value corresponding to the mode of the estimated probability distribution function of the contemporaneous load is used. The robustness of ascertaining this most probable contemporaneous load is also investigated. The application of this process of identification of contemporaneous extreme loads is also applied to cases wherein the extrapolated load is a resultant load value, for which a suitable vector direction for the extreme resultant load is chosen. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The male and female complete mitochondrial genome sequences of the Endangered freshwater mussel Potomida littoralis ( Cuvier , 1798 ) ( Bivalvia : Unionidae )

Freshwater mussels of the family Unionidae exhibit a particular form of mitochondria inheritance called double uniparental inheritance (DUI), in which the mitochondria are inherited by both male and female parents. The (M)ale and (F)emale mitogenomes are highly divergent within species. In the present study, we determine and describe the complete M and F mitogenomes of the Endangered freshwater mussel Potomida littoralis (Cuvier, 1798). The complete M and F mitogenomes sequences are 16 451 bp and 15 787 bp in length, respectively. Both F and M have the same gene content: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA (trn) and 2 ribosomal RNA (rrn) genes. Bayesian analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 12 PCGs and 2 rrn genes of both genomes, including mitogenome sequences available from related species, were performed. Male and Female lineages are monophyletic within the family, but reveal distinct phylogenetic relationships.
Perceptual Correlates of Neural Representations Evoked by Odorant Enantiomers

Spatial activation patterns within the olfactory bulb are believed to contribute to the neural representation of odorants. In this study, we attempted to predict the perceptions of odorants from their evoked patterns of neural activity in the olfactory bulb. We first describe the glomerular activation patterns evoked by pairs of odorant enantiomers based on the uptake of [14C]2-deoxyglucose in the olfactory bulb glomerular layer. Using a standardized data matrix enabling the systematic comparison of these spatial odorant representations, we hypothesized that the degree of similarity among these representations would predict their perceptual similarity. The two enantiomers of carvone evoked overlapping but significantly distinct regions of glomerular activity; however, the activity patterns evoked by the enantiomers of limonene and of terpinen-4-ol were not statistically different from one another. Commensurate with these data, rats spontaneously discriminated between the enantiomers of carvone, but not between the enantiomers of limonene or terpinen-4-ol, in an olfactory habituation task designed to probe differences in olfactory perception.
The Slaughterhouse Province: An American Diplomat's Report on the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1917

Last fall, while covering Bob Dole's unsuccessful effort to have Congress commemorate the seventyfifth anniversary of the initiation of the Armenian genocide in Turkey, I called Morris Amitay, a former head of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, who was working against Dole's bill as a lobbyist for Turkey. "Genocide, what is genocide? " Amitay asked rhetorically. "Most people look at genocide as a concerted, determined attempt to eliminate a race of people. And some, presented with the facts-I don't know if they're true-say that the Armenians . were not singled out. So was it genocide? It's difficult to determine. "
Event and Temporal Relation Extraction from Croatian Newspaper Texts

Event extraction and temporal relation extraction are the subjects of extensive research, which has been additionally motivated by focused evaluation exercises such as TempEval. In this paper we present the work on supervised event and temporal relation extraction from Croatian newspaper texts. Taking into account the limited availability of linguistic tools for Croatian, we focus our research around simple lexical features. We manually annotated a newspaper corpus or events and temporal relations in Croatian according to the TimeML and TimeBank guidelines. Experimental evaluation yielded promising results: F1 scores of up to 77% for event identification, 48% for event classification, and 51% for temporal relation classification.
Underserved Adolescent Girls' Physical Activity Intentions and Behaviors: Relationships with the Motivational Climate and Perceived Competence in Physical Education

This study investigated underserved adolescent girls’ perceptions of the motivational climate in relationship to their perceptions of competence in urban physical education, self-reported physical activity, and future physical activity intentions. A total of two-hundred-seventy-six underserved (i.e., minority, urban, high poverty) adolescent girls completed questionnaires and a multi-step approach was used to test these relationships. First, a trichotomous model of the perceived motivational climate was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and results suggested a good fit of the data. Structural equation modeling analyses were then used to test both direct and indirect relationships between the perceived motivational climates in physical education, perceived competence in physical education, and physical activity outcomes. Findings revealed that the relationship between the perceived motivational climates and physical activity outcomes were best understood when perceived competence in physical education was accounted for as an intermediary factor.
Question Parsing for QA in Spanish

Question processing is a key step in Question Answering systems. For this task, it has been shown that a good syntactic analysis of questions helps to improve the results. However, general parsers seem to present some disadvantages in question analysis. We present a specific tool under development for Spanish question analysis in a QA context: SpQA. SpQA is a parser designed to deal with the special syntactic features of Spanish questions and to cover some needs of question analysis in QA systems such as target identification. The system has been evaluated together with three Spanish general parsers. In this comparative evaluation, SpQA shows the best results in Spanish question analysis.
Implicit enumeration of strongly connected components and anapplication to formal verification

This paper first presents a binary decision diagram-based implicit algorithm to compute all maximal strongly connected components (SCCs) of directed graphs. The algorithm iteratively applies reachability analysis and sequentially identifies SCCs. Experimental results suggest that the algorithm dramatically outperforms the only existing implicit method which must compute the transitive closure of the adjacency-matrix of the graphs. This paper then applies this SCC algorithm to solve the bad cycle detection problem encountered in formal verification. Experimental results show that our new bad cycle detection algorithm is typically significantly faster than the state-of-the-art, sometimes by more than a factor of ten.
Time Series Imputation Using Genetic Programming and Lagrange Interpolation

Time series have been used in several applications such as process control, environment monitoring, financial analysis and scientific researches. However, in the presence of missing data, this study may become more complex due to a strong break of correlation among samples. Therefore, this work proposes an imputation method for time series using Genetic Programming (GP) and Lagrange Interpolation. The heuristic adopted builds an interpretable regression model that explores time series statistical features such as mean, variance and auto-correlation. It also makes use of interrelation among multivariate time series to estimate missing values. Results show that the proposed method is promising, being capable of imputing data without loosing the dataset's statistical properties, as well as allowing a better understanding of the missing data pattern from the obtained interpretable model.
Non-parametic model for robust road recognition

Road recognition is one of the key technologies in the vision-based intelligent navigation system. In this paper, we present a novel non-parametric estimation model and a robust approach for the unstructured road recognition. The model keeps a set of sample for both road region and off-road region, and then estimates the probability of a newly pixel based on color information. For improving the real time capability and ruling out the interferences caused by variances of illumination and shadows, the image is divided into several small blocks, and a segment method is used to extract the lane boundaries from the mixed block areas. Finally, the boundaries of the lanes are fitted by the B-spline curve in which the best control points are searched by the least square method. Both field tests and simulation show that the proposed algorithm is effective and robust.
Pedestrian tracking with shoe-mounted inertial sensors

A navigation system that tracks the location of a person on foot is useful for finding and rescuing firefighters or other emergency first responders, or for location-aware computing, personal navigation assistance, mobile 3D audio, and mixed or augmented reality applications. One of the main obstacles to the real-world deployment of location-sensitive wearable computing, including mixed reality (MR), is that current position-tracking technologies require an instrumented, marked, or premapped environment. At InterSense, we've developed a system called NavShoe, which uses a new approach to position tracking based on inertial sensing. Our wireless inertial sensor is small enough to easily tuck into the shoelaces, and sufficiently low power to run all day on a small battery. Although it can't be used alone for precise registration of close-range objects, in outdoor applications augmenting distant objects, a user would barely notice the NavShoe's meter-level error combined with any error in the head's assumed location relative to the foot. NavShoe can greatly reduce the database search space for computer vision, making it much simpler and more robust. The NavShoe device provides not only robust approximate position, but also an extremely accurate orientation tracker on the foot.