Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early events elicited by bombesin and structurally related peptides in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells. I. Activation of protein kinase C and inhibition of epidermal growth factor binding

Addition of bombesin to quiescent cultures of Swiss 3T3 cells caused a rapid increase in the phosphorylation of an Mr 80,000 cellular protein (designated 80k). The effect was both concentration and time dependent; enhancement in 80k phosphorylation could be detected as early as 10 s after the addition of peptide. Recently, a rapid increase in the phosphorylation of an 80k cellular protein after treatment with phorbol esters or diacylglycerol has been shown to reflect the activation of protein kinase C in intact fibroblasts (Rozengurt, E., A. Rodriguez- Pena, and K. A. Smith, 1983, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 80:7244-7248; Rozengurt, E., A. Rodriguez-Pena, M. Coombs, and J. Sinnett-Smith, 1984, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 81:5748-5752). The 80k phosphoproteins generated in response to bombesin and to phorbol 12,13- dibutyrate were identical as judged by one- and two-dimensional PAGE and by peptide mapping after partial proteolysis with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. In addition, prolonged pretreatment of 3T3 cells with phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, which leads to the disappearance of protein kinase C activity, blocked the ability of bombesin to stimulate 80k. Bombesin also caused a rapid (1 min) inhibition of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor (125I-EGF) binding to Swiss 3T3 cells. The inhibition was both concentration and temperature dependent and resulted from a marked decrease in the affinity of the EGF receptor for its ligand. Peptides structurally related to bombesin, including gastrin-releasing peptide, also stimulated 80k phosphorylation and inhibited 125I-EGF binding; both effects were selectively blocked by a novel bombesin antagonist. These results strongly suggest that these responses are mediated by specific high-affinity receptors that recognize the peptides of the bombesin family in Swiss 3T3 cells. While an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration does not mediate the bombesin inhibition of 125I-EGF binding, the activation of protein kinase C in intact Swiss 3T3 cells by peptides of the bombesin family may lead to rapid inhibition of the binding of 125I-EGF to its cellular receptor.
Yeast unfolded protein response pathway regulates expression of genes for anti‐oxidative stress and for cell surface proteins

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular protective event against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In the yeast UPR signaling pathway, the ER‐located transmembrane protein Ire1 promotes splicing of the HAC1 premRNA (HAC1u) to produce the translatable transcription factor mRNA (HAC1i). We generated a HAC1i gene‐bearing strain, in which the UPR pathway was constitutively activated, and compared its gene expression profile with that of a Δire1 HAC1u strain using cDNA microarray technology. Comparison of the gene expression profile was also performed between non‐stressed wild‐type cells and those exposed to ER stress. Genes for which the expression level was significantly changed in both of these experiments were categorized as targets of the Ire1‐HAC1 signaling pathway. This analysis revealed that in addition to the previously known UPR targets, some anti‐oxidative stress genes were up‐regulated by the Ire1‐HAC1 pathway, possibly in order to reduce reactive oxygen species produced during the cellular response to ER stress. Moreover, we categorized 15 genes as those down‐regulated by the UPR, most of which seem to encode cell surface or extracellular proteins. This UPR‐mediated gene repression may alleviate the load of client proteins targeted to the ER.
Bernoulli Forward-Backward Smoothing for Joint Target Detection and Tracking

In this correspondence, we derive a forward-backward smoother for joint target detection and estimation and propose a sequential Monte Carlo implementation. We model the target by a Bernoulli random finite set since the target can be in one of two “present” or “absent” modes. Finite set statistics is used to derive the smoothing recursion. Our results indicate that smoothing has two distinct advantages over just using filtering: First, we are able to more accurately identify the appearance and disappearance of a target in the scene, and second, we can provide improved state estimates when the target exists.
Comparing Forum Data Post-Editing Performance Using Translation Memory and Machine Translation Output: A Pilot Study

In this paper we present the results from a pilot study undertaken with translation students to compare community forum content post-editing performance based on suggestions from different translation systems. Output from both Translation Memory (TM) and Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) was presented to participants in the ACCEPT online post-editing environment, where they needed to perform a translation task with and without translation proposals. Observed data showed that post-edited MT output obtained higher results on each of the variables measured: the amount of time needed to complete the task, the participants’ keystroke movements and the quality of the resulting translations.
Traveling Salesman Problem with Transportation

Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a generic name that includes diverse practical models. Motivated by applications, a new model of TSP is examined — a synthesis of classical TSP and classical Transportation Problem. Algorithms based on Inte- ger Programming cutting-plane methods and Branch and Bound Techniques are obvious. Mathematics Subject Classification 2000: 91A05, 91A06, 91A10, 91A44, 90C05, 90C31, 90C90. Keywords and phrases: Traveling Salesman Problem with Transportation and Fixed Additional Payments (TSPT), TSP, algorithm, computational complexity.
When Moms Say Bad Words: Family and Peer Influence on the Frequency of Swearing

Swearing is taboo in modern culture. Even though this habit is deemed negative, many people continue to swear frequently every day. The purpose of this study is to determine who exerts the most influence on one’s swearing habits: one’s family or one’s peers? Seven hundred and sixty-three university students were asked via survey who (mother, father, siblings, friends, or peers) swore most frequently during their upbringing. These questions were compared through linear regression to measure participants’ level of swearing. We anticipated that peers would have a more significant impact on one’s swearing frequency. However, we found that an individual’s mother had the highest correlational influence on swearing, although peers also had a significant relationship.
Increasing Operating Room Efficiency Through Parallel Processing

Objective:Because of rising costs and shrinking reimbursements, hospitals must continually find ways to improve efficiency and productivity. This study attempts to increase caseloads in ambulatory surgery operating rooms while maintaining patient satisfaction and safety. Summary Background Data:In most hospitals, patients move through their operative day in a linear fashion, starting at registration and finishing in the recovery room. Given this pattern, only 1 patient may occupy the efforts of the operating room team at a time. By processing patients in a parallel fashion, operating room efficiency and patient throughput are increased while costs remain stable. Methods:Patients undergoing hernia repairs under local anesthesia with intravenous sedation were divided into a control group and an experimental group. Patients in the control group received their local anesthesia in the operating room at the start of the surgery. The experimental group patients received their local anesthesia in the induction room by the surgeon while the operating room was being cleaned and set up. Results:While operative time for the control group and the experimental group were nearly identical, the turnover time and the induction time were significantly shorter for the experimental group. The cumulative reduction in time during the operative day was sufficient to allow the addition of new operative cases. Conclusions:This study demonstrates a system of increasing operating room efficiency by changing patient flow rather than simply working to streamline existing steps. This increase in efficiency is not associated with the expansion of hospital budgets or a decrease in patient safety or satisfaction.
Smith Predictor Type Control Architectures for Time Delayed Teleoperation

An early control methodology for time delayed plants is the Smith predictor, in which the plant model is utilized to predict the non-delayed output of the plant and move the delay out of the control loop. Recent Smith predictor based teleoperation control architectures have used linear or fixed-parameter dynamic approximations of the slave/environment at the master for environment contact prediction. This paper discusses and analyzes the performance of the previous work and proposes new architectures to overcome their shortcomings. The proposed architectures consist of a novel pseudo two-channel nonlinear predictive controller and its variations that use neural networks for online estimation of the slave and environment dynamics to replicate the environment contact force at the master using a similar local network. Intermittent contact experiments are conducted on a teleoperation test-bed consisting of two Planar Twin-Pantograph haptic devices. The experimental results with half a second delay demonstrate significant improvement in stability and performance by the proposed neural network based predictive control architectures over traditional force-position and linear Smith predictor based control architectures.
High‐resolution wide‐field microscopy with adaptive optics for spherical aberration correction and motionless focusing

Live imaging in cell biology requires three‐dimensional data acquisition with the best resolution and signal‐to‐noise ratio possible. Depth aberrations are a major source of image degradation in three‐dimensional microscopy, causing a significant loss of resolution and intensity deep into the sample. These aberrations occur because of the mismatch between the sample refractive index and the immersion medium index. We have built a wide‐field fluorescence microscope that incorporates a large‐throw deformable mirror to simultaneously focus and correct for depth aberration in three‐dimensional imaging. Imaging fluorescent beads in water and glycerol with an oil immersion lens we demonstrate a corrected point spread function and a 2‐fold improvement in signal intensity. We apply this new microscope to imaging biological samples, and show sharper images and improved deconvolution.
The Impact of Genome Triplication on Tandem Gene Evolution in Brassica rapa

Whole genome duplication (WGD) and tandem duplication (TD) are both important modes of gene expansion. However, how WGD influences tandemly duplicated genes is not well studied. We used Brassica rapa, which has undergone an additional genome triplication (WGT) and shares a common ancestor with Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata, and Thellungiella parvula, to investigate the impact of genome triplication on tandem gene evolution. We identified 2,137, 1,569, 1,751, and 1,135 tandem gene arrays in B. rapa, A. thaliana, A. lyrata, and T. parvula respectively. Among them, 414 conserved tandem arrays are shared by the three species without WGT, which were also considered as existing in the diploid ancestor of B. rapa. Thus, after genome triplication, B. rapa should have 1,242 tandem arrays according to the 414 conserved tandems. Here, we found 400 out of the 414 tandems had at least one syntenic ortholog in the genome of B. rapa. Furthermore, 294 out of the 400 shared syntenic orthologs maintain tandem arrays (more than one gene for each syntenic hit) in B. rapa. For the 294 tandem arrays, we obtained 426 copies of syntenic paralogous tandems in the triplicated genome of B. rapa. In this study, we demonstrated that tandem arrays in B. rapa were dramatically fractionated after WGT when compared either to non-tandem genes in the B. rapa genome or to the tandem arrays in closely related species that have not experienced a recent whole genome polyploidization event.
Moisture Management Properties of Heat-Resistant Workwear Fabrics— Effects of Hydrophilic Finishes and Hygroscopic Fiber Blends

This study examines the liquid moisture transfer properties of a selected group of heat-resistant workwear fabrics using a demand wettability test. The Gravimetric Absorbent Testing System procedure is modified and developed to assess the effects of wicking finish treatment and hygroscopic fibers on workwear fabrics. Unlike the simple vertical method of measuring wicking, the procedure adopted in this study produces informative results for moisture management characteristics and wearer comfort of textile materials. The absorption capacity, instantaneous rate of absorption, and evaporation/absorption ratio of five different heat-resistant workwear fabrics are determined and discussed. Results show that the wicking treatment of aramid fabrics noticeably increases their rate of absorption but does not affect their absorption capacity and water vapor absorption. The flame resistant rayon blends have improved vapor absorption properties but adversely affected liquid moisture management properties. Since the cotton fabric shows the highest percentage of remaining water after the evaporation test, a garment made of this fabric may generate a clammy feeling despite its superior absorbent capacity and rate of absorption.
Sensor deployment strategy for random field estimation: One-dimensional case

Deploying the sensor nodes at the best locations for random field reconstruction via sensor network is a fundamental task. One-dimensional random field is a stochastic process. In this paper, we first propose an optimal sensor deployment strategy for Wiener process estimation. The optimal locations for the deployed sensors are uniformly distributed in the field. In addition, we propose a suboptimal sensor deployment to estimate the Gaussian random field which is described as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We show that the suboptimal deployment strategy for Gaussian random field is also uniformly distributed. Several simulations show the performance of our proposed deployment strategies.
A two-zone synchrotron model for the knots in the M87 jet

The flux and the spectral index in the X-ray energy band from the knots of the M87 jet as observed by Chandra indicate a possible synchrotron origin but cannot be explained by simple one-zone models with continuous injection of non-thermal electrons. In this Letter we propose a two-zone model to explain the observed spectra of the knots of the M87 jet. We consider the synchrotron emission from a region with a tangled magnetic field where relativistic non-thermal electrons are continuously injected in from an associated acceleration region. The acceleration region is assumed to be a compact zone possibly around a shock front. A power-law distribution of electrons is injected into the acceleration region and accelerated to a maximum energy determined by the acceleration time-scale and the loss processes. With the present model we are able to explain the overall broad-band features of the knots of the M87 jet. Also the present model predicts a change in spectral index at ultraviolet energies, and future observations at these energies, can be used to constrain the parameters involved in the model.
Instruction Assignment for Clustered VLIW DSP Compilers: A New Approach

This report proposes a new heuristic/model driven approach to assign nodes of a computational DAG to clusters for a VLIW machine with a partitioned register file. Our approach exploits a heuristically found initial clustering to speed up the convergence of a deterministic descent algorithm. The initial configuration is determined through a longest path driven strategy that collects a number of paths or sub-dags starting from the DAG's leaves. The initial node assignment problem is then simplified to the assignment of these partial components to one of the k clusters. We approach the component assignment problem in two different ways depending upon some heuristically detected DAG symmetries. The descent algorithm starts from the initial configuration and modifies the assignment for each partial component by minimizing a cost function being an estimate of the schedule length for all nodes in the DAG on a given machine. The estimate is carried out by a simplified list scheduler taking quantitatively into account things like register pressure, resources allocation, etc. We compared our approach with a common heuristic known as BUG (Bottom Up Greedy) on a set of scientific and multimedia-like computational kernels. Experimental results show a reduction from 5 to 50% in the static schedule length depending from the DAG's complexity, symmetry and intrinsic parallelism and from architectural parameters like number of clusters, registers banks size, etc. Best results were obtained for large DAGs (hundreds of nodes) where the assignment of nodes to clusters is determinant to reduce the inter-cluster copies and the resource conflicts; another important factor is sometimes the reduction in register spills to/from memory due to the load balancing between clusters. These results and the low computational complexity of this approach show how the proposed method can be a viable solution for node assignment in a VLIW compiler for clustered machines.
Water-Constrained Geographic Load Balancing in Data Centers

Spreading across many parts of the world and presently hard striking California, extended droughts could even potentially threaten reliable electricity production and local water supplies, both of which are critical for data center operation. While numerous efforts have been dedicated to reducing data centers’ energy consumption, the enormity of data centers’ water footprints is largely neglected and, if still left unchecked, may handicap service availability during droughts. In this paper, we propose a water-aware workload management algorithm, called WATCH (WATer-constrained workload sCHeduling in data centers), which caps data centers’ long-term water consumption by exploiting spatio-temporal diversities of water efficiency and dynamically dispatching workloads among distributed data centers. We demonstrate the effectiveness of WATCH both analytically and empirically using simulations: based on only online information, WATCH can result in a provably-low operational cost while successfully capping water consumption under a desired level. Our results also show that WATCH can cut water consumption by 20 percent while only incurring a negligible cost increase even compared to state-of-the-art cost-minimizing but water-oblivious solution. Sensitivity studies are conducted to validate WATCH under various settings.
The therapeutic potential of phiC31 integrase as a gene therapy system

Introduction: The φC31 integrase system is a phage-derived system that offers the ability to integrate plasmid DNA into the chromosomes at a subset of endogenous preferred locations associated with robust gene expression. Recent progress highlights the unique advantages of this system for in vivo gene therapy and for use in stem cells. Areas covered: The φC31 integrase system has been under development for ten years and has been demonstrated to be effective for integration of plasmids in a variety of tissues and organs for gene therapy in animal systems, as well as in isolated human cells. We focus on work with the φC31 integrase system during the past 12 – 18 months. This work has centered on a series of papers involving in vivo delivery of the integrase system to the liver and a variety of studies demonstrating the utility of the integrase system in stem cells. Expert opinion: We conclude that the φC31 integrase system has significant potential for liver gene therapy, if effective DNA delivery methods for large mammals become available. The φC31 integrase system displays an outstanding fit for use in pluripotent stem cells, and this area is expected to be the subject of intense development.
Near Room Temperature Magnetocaloric Response of an (FeNi)ZrB Alloy

Mechanical alloying of (Fe<sub>70</sub>Ni<sub>30</sub>)<sub>89</sub>Zr<sub>7</sub>B<sub>4</sub> powders leads to the formation of a γ-FeNi phase. In order to obtain single γ-phase, a powdered sample was solution annealed in the γ-phase field and water quenched. The Curie temperature of this powder was slightly higher than room temperature. The refrigerant capacity calculated for this alloy, RC<sub>FWHM</sub> ~ 330 J·kg<sup>-1</sup> for 5 T, is comparable to other prominent room temperature magnetocaloric materials, making this alloy a good candidate for magnetic refrigeration near room temperature with additional benefits that is non-rare earth containing and less expensive than many alternatives.
Spatial Analysis of Linear Structures in the Exploration of Groundwater

The analysis of linear structures on major geological formations plays a crucial role in resource exploration in the Inner Niger Delta. Highlighting and mapping of the large lithological units were carried out using image fusion, spectral bands (RGB coding), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and band ratio methods. The automatic extraction method of linear structures has permitted the obtaining of a structural map with 82,659 linear structures, distributed on different stratigraphic stages. The intensity study shows an accentuation in density over 12.52% of the total area, containing 22.02% of the linear structures. The density and nodes (intersections of fractures) formed by the linear structures on the different lithologies allowed to observe the behavior of the region’s aquifers in the exploration of subsoil resources. The central density, in relation to the hydrographic network of the lowlands, shows the conditioning of the flow and retention of groundwater in the region, and in-depth fluids. The node areas and high-density linear structures, have shown an ability to have rejections in deep (pores) that favor the formation of structural traps for oil resources.
Design and Evaluation of a Scalable and Reconfigurable Multi-Platform System for Acoustic Imaging

This paper proposes a scalable and multi-platform framework for signal acquisition and processing, which allows for the generation of acoustic images using planar arrays of MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) microphones with low development and deployment costs. Acoustic characterization of MEMS sensors was performed, and the beam pattern of a module, based on an 8 × 8 planar array and of several clusters of modules, was obtained. A flexible framework, formed by an FPGA, an embedded processor, a computer desktop, and a graphic processing unit, was defined. The processing times of the algorithms used to obtain the acoustic images, including signal processing and wideband beamforming via FFT, were evaluated in each subsystem of the framework. Based on this analysis, three frameworks are proposed, defined by the specific subsystems used and the algorithms shared. Finally, a set of acoustic images obtained from sound reflected from a person are presented as a case study in the field of biometric identification. These results reveal the feasibility of the proposed system.
Residual Stress Measurements in Single and Multi-Pass Groove Weld Specimens Using Neutron Diffraction and the Contour Method

This paper describes the measurement of longitudinal residual stresses within specially designed 200x180x25mm groove weld specimens. The purpose of these measurements was to compare the residual stress field arising from single and multi-pass weld beads laid down within the constraint of a groove in order to validate finite element simulations of the welding process. Measurements were made over the cross section at the mid-bead length, utilising the relatively new Contour method and neutron diffraction. Results from these measurements indicate a larger peak tensile longitudinal residual stresses within the weld region of the multi-pass weld sample. Good agreement is found between both techniques.