Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Random coefficients in static games of complete information

Individual players in a simultaneous equation binary choice model act dierently in dierent environments in ways that are frequently not captured by observables and a simple additive random error. This paper proposes a random coecient specication to capture this type of heterogeneity in behavior, and discusses nonparametric identication and estimation of the distribution of random coecients. We establish nonparametric point identication
Slow Phospholipid Exchange between a Detergent-Solubilized Membrane Protein and Lipid-Detergent Mixed Micelles: Brominated Phospholipids as Tools to Follow Its Kinetics

Membrane proteins are largely dependent for their function on the phospholipids present in their immediate environment, and when they are solubilized by detergent for further study, residual phospholipids are critical, too. Here, brominated phosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid which behaves as an unsaturated phosphatidylcholine, was used to reveal the kinetics of phospholipid exchange or transfer from detergent mixed micelles to the environment of a detergent-solubilized membrane protein, the paradigmatic P-type ATPase SERCA1a, in which Trp residues can experience fluorescence quenching by bromine atoms present on phospholipid alkyl chains in their immediate environment. Using dodecylmaltoside as the detergent, exchange of (brominated) phospholipid was found to be much slower than exchange of detergent under the same conditions, and also much slower than membrane solubilization, the latter being evidenced by light scattering changes. The kinetics of this exchange was strongly dependent on temperature. It was also dependent on the total concentration of the mixed micelles, revealing the major role for such exchange of the collision of detergent micelles with the detergent-solubilized protein. Back-transfer of the brominated phospholipid from the solubilized protein to the detergent micelle was much faster if lipid-free DDM micelles instead of mixed micelles were added for triggering dissociation of brominated phosphatidylcholine from the solubilized protein, or in the additional presence of C12E8 detergent during exchange, also emphasizing the role of the chemical nature of the micelle/protein interface. This protocol using brominated lipids appears to be valuable for revealing the possibly slow kinetics of phospholipid transfer to or from detergent-solubilized membrane proteins. Independently, continuous recording of the activity of the protein can also be used in some cases to correlate changes in activity with the exchange of a specific phospholipid, as shown here by using the Drs2p/Cdc50p complex, a lipid flippase with specific binding sites for lipids.
2D and 3D visualization with dual-resolution for surveillance

The scale of the camera networks in surveillance systems has been largely expanded. However, conventional visualization methods display each camera video on an individual screen. In this way, it is difficult to effectively monitor the regions covered by all of the cameras, especially when tracking a moving target crossing different camera views. In this paper, we propose a novel visualization framework for surveillance systems with two distinct features: (1) integration of multiple camera views and a Google Earth satellite image with 3D building models; and (2) a wall-size display with dual resolutions, called e-Fovea, created by combining a fixed projector and a steerable projector whose projection direction can be controlled. Within the large-scale display area projected by the fixed projector, there is a fovea area with high resolution image of a selected camera projected by the steerable projector. To increase the computational efficiency, we adopt CUDA programming for the integration of multiple camera views. Our experimental results demonstrate a practical implementation of the proposed visualization framework for monitoring vehicles moving across multiple camera views surrounding a building. Through the proposed system, the security guard can simultaneously perceive the low-resolution image of large-scale monitored area and focus on the region of interest with high resolution.
Deep Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 Photometry of NGC 288. I. Binary Systems and Blue Stragglers

We present the first results of a deep WFPC2 photometric survey of the loose galactic globular cluster NGC 288. The fraction of binary systems is estimated from the color distribution of objects near the main sequence (MS) with a method analogous to that introduced by Rubenstein & Bailyn. We have unequivocally detected a significant population of binary systems with a radial distribution that has been significantly influenced by mass segregation. In the inner region of the cluster (r < 1rh ≃ 1.6rc) the binary fraction (fb) lies in the range 0.08–0.38 regardless of the assumed distribution of mass ratios, F(q). The most probable fb lies between 0.10 and 0.20 depending on the adopted F(q). On the other hand, in the outer region (r ≥ 1rh), fb must be less than 0.10, and the most likely value is 0.0, independently of the adopted F(q). The detected population of binaries is dominated by primordial systems. The specific frequency of blue stragglers (BSs) is exceptionally high, suggesting that the BS production mechanism via binary evolution can be very efficient. A large population of BSs is possible even in low-density environments if a sufficient reservoir of primordial binaries is available. The observed distribution of BSs in the color-magnitude diagram is not compatible with a rate of BS production that has been constant in time, if it is assumed that all the BSs are formed by the merging of two stars.
Disease stress-inducible genes of tobacco: expression profile of elicitor-responsive genes isolated by subtractive hybridization

In order to investigate the change in mRNA profile during tobacco disease response, a subtractive hybridization procedure was used to generate a cDNA library for genes induced in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN) treated with oomycete elicitor. Database searches with the randomly isolated genes revealed that this cDNA library was enriched for reported disease stress-responsive genes such as pathogenesisrelated proteins and cell wall protein genes. The expressions of eight newly isolated genes were induced by inoculation with the non-pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea. The NtEIG s( N. tabacum elicitor-inducible genes) showed similarity to genes for stellacyanin-like protein (NtEIG-A1), glutathione peroxidase (NtEIG-C08), extensinlike protein (NtEIG-C29), WRKY transcription factor (NtEIG-D48), glycine rich protein (NtEIG-E17), b-1, 3-glucanase-like protein (NtEIG-E76), photoassimilate-responsive protein-1 (NtEIG-E80) and wound-induced protein (NtEIGD10). The expression patterns of NtEIGs in tobacco leaf in response to P. syringae pv. glycinea, salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and wound stress were analysed. The individual expression patterns of NtEIGs indicate that the transcriptional activation of NtEIGs is regulated by various signals and the products of NtEIGs are involved in different processes at different stages of the plant defence responses.
A Discriminative Learning Model for Coordinate Conjunctions

We propose a sequence-alignment based method for detecting and disambiguatingcoordinate conjunctions. In this method, averaged perceptron learning is used to adapt the substitution matrix to the training data drawn from the target language and domain. To reduce the cost of training data construction, our method accepts training examples in which complete word-by-word alignment labels are missing, but instead only the boundaries of coordinated conjuncts are marked. We report promising empirical results in detecting and disambiguating coordinated noun phrases in the GENIA corpus, despite a relatively small number of training examples and minimal features are employed.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLIED TO REAL ESTATE VALUATION An example for the appraisal of Madrid

The computerisation of real estate valuation began in the early 1980s, coinciding with the development of information systems technology. Subsequently, different statistical techniques were incorporated to process market data, among which the method of Multiple Regression proved especially relevant. The use of Artificial Intelligence Systems for real estate valuation is more recent, dating from about 15 years ago. Since then there have been numerous experiences, and the creation of new models is on the increase. Among the authors of the most interesting systems (some of whose papers have been used as the basis for this report), the following merit special mention:
Another note on Weyl’s theorem

"Weyl's theorem holds" for an operator T on a Banach space X when the complement in the spectrum of the "Weyl spectrum" coincides with the isolated points of spectrum which are eigenvalues of finite multiplicity. This is close to, but not quite the same as, equality between the Weyl spectrum and the "Browder spectrum", which in turn ought to, but does not, guarantee the spectral mapping theorem for the Weyl spectrum of polynomials in T. In this note we try to explore these distinctions. Recall [2, 4, 6] that a bounded linear operator T E BL(X, X) on a Banach space X is Fredholm if T(X) is closed and both T-1(0) and X/cl (TX) are finite dimensional: in this case, we define the index of T by index (T) = dim T-1 (0) dim X/T(X). An operator T E BL(X, X) is called Weyl if it is Fredholm of index zero, and is called Browder if it is Fredholm "of finite ascent and descent": equivalently ([6], Theorem 7.9.3) if T is Fredholm and T AI is invertible for sufficiently small A $& 0 in C. The (Fredholm) essential spectrum Uess(T), the Weyl spectrum Wess(T) and the Browder spectrum wcmm(T) of T are defined by (0.1) Jess(T) = {A E C : T AI is not Fredholm}, (0.2) Wess(T) = {A E C: T AI is not Weyl} and (0.3) Wecssmm(T) ={ E C: TAI is not Browder}; evidently (0.4) Jess(T) C Wess(T) c wcomm(T) = Cess (T) U acc v(T), where we write acc K for the accumulation points of K C C and av(T) for the usual spectrum of T. If we write iso(K) = K \ acc(K) and (0.5) leftr(T) = {A E iso 5(T): 0 < dim (TAI)-1(0) < xo} for the isolated eigenvalues of finite multiplicity, and ([6], (9.8.3.4)) (0.6) troo(T) = a5(T) \wcomm (T) for the Riesz points of T, then ([6], Theorem 9.8.4) with the help of the "punctured neighbourhood theorem" (0.7) iso v(T) \ Jess(T) = iso 5(T) \ Wess(T) = troo(T) C 4left(T). Received by the editors December 18, 1995. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47A10.
How to Build an Automatic Speaker Recognition System

Speaker recognition is the process of automatically recognizing who is speaking on the basis of individual information included in speech waves. This technique makes it possible to use the speaker's voice to verify their identity and control access to services such as voice dialing, banking by telephone, telephone shopping, database access services, information services, voice mail, security control for confidential information areas, and remote access to computers.
A Hemocyte-like Cell Line Established from the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiae Expresses Six Prophenoloxidase Genes*

Cell lines from the malaria vectorAnopheles gambiae have been established as a tool for the study of the mosquito innate immune system in vitro. Here, we describe the first continuous insect cell line that produces prophenoloxidase (PPO). This cell line (4a-3B) expresses constitutively six PPO genes, three of which are novel (PPO4, PPO5, andPPO6). The PPO genes show distinct temporal expression profiles in the intact mosquito, spanning stages from the embryo to the adult in an overlapping manner. Transient induction of larva-specific PPO genes in blood-fed adult females suggests that the developmental hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone may be involved in PPO gene regulation. Indeed, exposure of 4a-3B cells to 20-hydroxyecdysone in culture results in induction of those PPO genes that are mainly expressed in early developmental stages, and repression of PPO5, which is preferentially expressed at the adult stage. The cell line shows bacteria-induced immune transcripts that encode defensin and Gram-negative bacteria-binding protein, but no induction of PPO transcripts. This cell line most likely derives from a hemocyte lineage, and represents an appropriate in vitro model for the study of the humoral and cellular immune defenses of A. gambiae.
Need Puzzle ? Valid Answer ? Issue ICMP Puzzle Puzzle Server Drop Packet Cache Packet Add Cookie IP Option Solve Puzzle Retransmit Packet Puzzle Client

Currently, there are no significant disincentives for clients who contribute to the flood of undesirable communication in the Internet. A mechanism for punishing only the malicious is required in order to discourage clients from behaving badly. Towards this goal, client puzzles have been proposed in a number of protocols. To provide coverage across all applications and protocols however, client puzzles must be placed at a layer common to all of them; the network layer. Until now, network layerclient puzzles have not been investigated. Puzzles at the network layer can be leveraged against all traffic from malicious clients, making it possible to defend against attacks previously undefendable, as well as making previously voluntary mechanisms mandatory. In this paper, we outline goals which must be met for puzzles to be deployed effectively at the network layer. We describe our new puzzle protocol and puzzle algorithm which achieve these goals. We demonstrate our design with an iptables implementation that supports transparent deployment of network puzzles at arbitrary locations in the network via proxies and firewalls.
Visual Pipe Mapping with a Fisheye Camera

We present a vision-based mapping and localization system for operations in pipes such as those found in Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) production. A forward facing, fisheye camera mounted on a prototype robot collects imagery as it is tele-operated through a pipe network. The images are processed offline to estimate camera pose and sparse scene structure where the results can be used to generate 3D renderings of the pipe surface. The method extends state of the art visual odometry and mapping for fisheye systems to incorporate geometric constraints based on prior knowledge of the pipe components into a Sparse Bundle Adjustment framework. These constraints significantly reduce inaccuracies resulting from the limited spatial resolution of the fisheye imagery, limited image texture, and visual aliasing. Preliminary results are presented for a dataset collected in fiberglass pipe network which demonstrate the validity of the approach.
NORA: a racefree dynamic CMOS technique for pipelined logic structures

Describes a new dynamic CMOS technique which is fully racefree, yet has high logic flexibility. The circuits operate racefree from two clocks /spl phi/ and /spl phi/~ regardless of their overlap time. In contrast to the critical clock skew specification in the conventional CMOS pipelined circuits, the proposed technique imposes no restriction to the amount of clock skew. The main building blocks of the NORA technique are dynamic CMOS and C/SUP 2/MOS logic functions. Static CMOS functions can also be employed. Logic composition rules to mix dynamic CMOS, C/SUP 2/MOS, and conventional CMOS will be presented. Different from Domino technique, logic inversion is also provided. This means higher logic flexibility and less transistors for the same function. The effects of charge redistribution, noise margin, and leakage in the dynamic CMOS blocks are also analyzed. Experimental results show the feasibility of the principles discussed.
A Modified Screening System for Loss-of-Function and Dominant Negative Alleles of Essential MCMV Genes

Inactivation of gene products by dominant negative mutants is a valuable tool to assign functions to yet uncharacterized proteins, to map protein-protein interactions or to dissect physiological pathways. Detailed functional and structural knowledge about the target protein would allow the construction of inhibitory mutants by targeted mutagenesis. Yet, such data are limited for the majority of viral proteins, so that the target gene needs to be subjected to random mutagenesis to identify suitable mutants. However, for cytomegaloviruses this requires a two-step screening approach, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Here, we report the establishment of a high-throughput suitable screening system for the identification of inhibitory alleles of essential genes of the murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). In this screen, the site-specific recombination of a specifically modified MCMV genome was transferred from the bacterial background to permissive host cells, thereby combining the genetic engineering and the rescue test in one step. Using a reference set of characterized pM53 mutants it was shown that the novel system is applicable to identify non-complementing as well as inhibitory mutants in a high-throughput suitable setup. The new cis-complementation assay was also applied to a basic genetic characterization of pM99, which was identified as essential for MCMV growth. We believe that the here described novel genetic screening approach can be adapted for the genetic characterization of essential genes of any large DNA viruses.
Bilingual Lexicon Extraction from Comparable Corpora Using Label Propagation

This paper proposes a novel method for lexicon extraction that extracts translation pairs from comparable corpora by using graph-based label propagation. In previous work, it was established that performance drastically decreases when the coverage of a seed lexicon is small. We resolve this problem by utilizing indirect relations with the bilingual seeds together with direct relations, in which each word is represented by a distribution of translated seeds. The seed distributions are propagated over a graph representing relations among words, and translation pairs are extracted by identifying word pairs with a high similarity in the seed distributions. We propose two types of the graphs: a co-occurrence graph, representing co-occurrence relations between words, and a similarity graph, representing context similarities between words. Evaluations using English and Japanese patent comparable corpora show that our proposed graph propagation method outperforms conventional methods. Further, the similarity graph achieved improved performance by clustering synonyms into the same translation.
Performance , firm size , and factory expansion PERFORMANCE , FIRM SIZE , AND FACTORY EXPANSION IN THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY

Behavioral risk theory predicts that low performing firms will take greater risks, but threat rigidity theory predicts that low performing firms will be risk averse. We seek to resolve these conflicting predictions by extending the March-Shapira shifting-focus model of risk taking. Specifically, we predict that large firms will follow risk theory and small firms will follow threat rigidity theory because small firms are more focused on the threat of failure. Using data on the risky strategic action of factory expansion in Japanese shipbuilding firms, we find that when performance falls below the aspiration level, performance decreases induce risk aversion in small firms but not in large firms.
HSD17B1 Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Endometrial and Breast Cancer

Estrogen exposure influences breast and endometrial cancer risk. The HSD17B1 gene produces an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of estrone to estradiol. We hypothesized that genetic variations in HSD17B1 gene may alter endogenous estrogen levels and, thus, influence endometrial and breast cancer risk. We validated and genotyped polymorphisms in the HSD17B1 gene and assessed whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), or the imputed haplotypes, were associated with endometrial and breast cancer risk. We also assessed whether a priori risk factors modified the associations between HSD17B1 genotype and cancer risk, and whether HSD17B1 genotypes were associated with plasma estrogen levels among postmenopausal women not using hormone replacement therapy. Ten SNPs of HSD17B1 gene were validated in 30 women from the Nurses’ Health Study. Using the expectation maximization algorithm, three common (>5% frequency) haplotypes accounted for 97% of the chromosomes at this locus, and seven SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium. We identified and genotyped two haplotype-tagging SNPs (+1004C/T and +1322C/A), and genotyped an additional SNP [+1954A/G (Ser312Gly)] in nested case-control studies of endometrial cancer (cases = 222, controls = 666) and breast cancer (cases = 1007, controls = 1441) in the prospective Nurses’ Health Study. Although no overall association by SNP or haplotype analysis was observed with endometrial or breast cancer risk, the +1954A/A genotype was associated with higher estradiol levels in lean women (P = 0.01) and interaction between the +1954 genotype with body mass index in postmenopausal breast cancer (P = 0.05) was suggested. These findings suggest that the HSD17B1 may be associated with circulating estradiol levels and interact with body mass index in postmenopausal breast cancer.
An optimized multi-proxy, multi-site Antarctic ice and gas orbital chronology (AICC2012): 120--800 ka

An accurate and coherent chronological framework is essential for the interpretation of climatic and environmental records obtained from deep polar ice cores. Until now, one common ice core age scale had been developed based on an inverse dating method (Datice), combining glaciological modelling with absolute and stratigraphic markers between 4 ice cores covering the last 50 ka (thousands of years before present) (Lemieux-Dudon et al., 2010). In this paper, together with the companion paper of Veres et al. (2013), we present an extension of this work back to 800 ka for the NGRIP, TALDICE, EDML, Vostok and EDC ice cores using an improved version of the Datice tool. The AICC2012 (Antarctic Ice Core Chronology 2012) chronology includes numerous new gas and ice stratigraphic links as well as improved evaluation of background and associated variance scenarios. This paper concentrates on the long timescales between 120-800 ka. In this framework, new measurements of δ18Oatm over Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11-12 on EDC and a complete δ18Oatm record of the TALDICE ice cores permit us to derive additional orbital gas age constraints. The coherency of the different orbitally deduced ages (from δ18Oatm, δO2/N2 and air content) has been verified before implementation in AICC2012. The new chronology is now independent of other archives and shows only small differences, most of the time within the original uncertainty range calculated by Datice, when compared with the previous ice core reference age scale EDC3, the Dome F chronology, or using a comparison between speleothems and methane. For instance, the largest deviation between AICC2012 and EDC3 (5.4 ka) is obtained around MIS 12. Despite significant modifications of the chronological constraints around MIS 5, now independent of speleothem records in AICC2012, the date of Termination II is very close to the EDC3 one.