Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translational Arrest Due to Cytoplasmic Redox Stress Delays Adaptation to Growth on Methanol and Heterologous Protein Expression in a Typical Fed-Batch Culture of Pichia pastoris

Results We have followed a typical fed-batch induction regime for heterologous protein production under the control of the AOX1 promoter using both microarray and metabolomic analysis. The genetic constructs involved 1 and 3 copies of the TRY1 gene, encoding human trypsinogen. In small-scale laboratory cultures, expression of the 3 copy-number construct induced the unfolded protein response (UPR) sufficiently that titres of extracellular trypsinogen were lower in the 3-copy construct than with the 1-copy construct. In the fed-batch-culture, a similar pattern was observed, with higher expression from the 1-copy construct, but in this case there was no significant induction of UPR with the 3-copy strain. Analysis of the microarray and metabolomic information indicates that the 3-copy strain was undergoing cytoplasmic redox stress at the point of induction with methanol. In this Crabtree-negative yeast, this redox stress appeared to delay the adaptation to growth on methanol and supressed heterologous protein production, probably due to a block in translation. Conclusion Although redox imbalance as a result of artificially imposed hypoxia has previously been described, this is the first time that it has been characterised as a result of a transient metabolic imbalance and shown to involve a stress response which can lead to translational arrest. Without detailed analysis of the underlying processes it could easily have been mis-interpreted as secretion stress, transmitted through the UPR.
Review and perspectives on the applications of mass spectrometry imaging under ambient conditions.

Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS)-based techniques are performed under ambient conditions in which the ionization and desorption occur in the open environment allowing the direct analysis of molecules with minimal or no sample preparation. A selected group of AMS techniques demonstrate imaging capabilities that can provide information about the localization of molecules on complex sample surfaces such as biological tissues. 2D, 3D, and multimodal imaging have unlocked an array of applications to systematically address complex problems in many areas of research such as drug monitoring, natural products, forensics, and cancer diagnostics. In the present review, we summarize recent advances in the field with respect to the implementation of new ambient ionization techniques and current applications in the last 5 years. In more detail, we mainly focus on imaging applications in topics related to animal whole bodies and tissues, single cells, cancer diagnostics and biomarkers, microbial cultures and co-cultures, plant and natural product metabolomics, and forensic applications. Finally, we discuss new areas of research, future perspectives, and the overall direction that the field may take in the years to come.
Extraction of ERP Selection Criteria using Critical Decisions Analysis

Companies use ERP systems to automate business processes in order to increase productivity, reduce costs, and meet customer requirements. ERP selection for an enterprise is a decision-making project that is both risky and expensive, a wrong selection of this system or project partners can lead to the failure of the ERP implementation project. In this paper, we combined the theoretical findings of ERP selection issue with expert’s practical recommendations to determine the critical decisions that need to be made in the pre-implementation phase. Then we presented a methodology to determine ERP selection criteria based on the critical decisions analysis. A part of this work was performed within a company that has just launched an ERP implementation project.
A Comparative Study of Different Classification Methods for the Identification of Brazilian Portuguese Multiword Expressions

This paper presents a comparative study of different methods for the identification of multiword expressions, applied to a Brazilian Portuguese corpus. First, we selected the candidates based on the frequency of bigrams. Second, we used the linguistic information based on the grammatical classes of the words forming the bigrams, together with the frequency information in order to compare the performance of different classification algorithms. The focus of this study is related to different classification techniques such as support-vector machines (SVM), multi-layer perceptron, naive Bayesian nets, decision trees and random forest. Third, we evaluated three different multi-layer perceptron training functions in the task of classifying different patterns of multiword expressions. Finally, our study compared two different tools, MWEtoolkit and Text-NSP, for the extraction of multiword expression candidates using different association measures.
On-die power grids: The missing link

Power grids with die-scale dimensions operate in a transient manner that is difficult to predict compared to larger power grids. Given a single excitation and a detailed model one can come to understand the dynamic effects occurring inside the die in terms of localized voltage droop scenarios. However, a major portion of understanding on-die power grids has to do with modeling the current stimulus pre-silicon for design purposes as well as generating a set of activities (via instructions) post-silicon in order to excite the worst case voltage droop. Any chip, especially a microprocessor, contains so many potential state transitions that it is not possible to simulate or enumerate all of them. A spectral-based learning and optimization method can alleviate this problem pre-silicon, while a micro-architectural based test generation scheme can help alleviate the problem post silicon.
Hematological differences between patients with different subtypes of sickle cell disease on hydroxyurea treatment

Objective Sickle cell anemia and the interaction S/Beta thalassemia differ in hematological values due to microcytosis and hypochromia caused by the thalassemic mutation. The clinical benefit of long-term hydroxyurea treatment is undeniable in sickle cell disease with monitoring of the biological action of the drug being by the complete blood count. The objective of this work is to compare changes in some of the erythrocytic indexes between S/Beta thalassemia and sickle cell anemia patients on long-term hydroxyurea treatment. Methods The values of erythrocyte indexes (mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin) were compared in a retrospective study of two groups of patients (Sickle cell anemia and S/Beta thalassemia) on hydroxyurea treatment over a mean of six years. Results The quantitative values of the two parameters differed between the groups. Increases in mean corpuscular volume and reductions in mean corpuscular hemoglobin delay longer in S/Beta thalassemia patients (p-value = 0.018). Conclusion Hematological changes are some of the beneficial effects of hydroxyurea in sickle cell disease as cellular hydration increases and the hemoglobin S concentration is reduced. The complete blood count is the best test to monitor changes, but the interpretation of the results in S/Beta thalassemia should be different.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Genus Nocardiopsis Provides New Insights into Its Genetic Mechanisms of Environmental Adaptability

The genus Nocardiopsis, a widespread group in phylum Actinobacteria, has received much attention owing to its ecological versatility, pathogenicity, and ability to produce a rich array of bioactive metabolites. Its high environmental adaptability might be attributable to its genome dynamics, which can be estimated through comparative genomic analysis targeting microorganisms with close phylogenetic relationships but different phenotypes. To shed light on speciation, gene content evolution, and environmental adaptation in these unique actinobacteria, we sequenced draft genomes for 16 representative species of the genus and compared them with that of the type species N. dassonvillei subsp. dassonvillei DSM 43111T. The core genome of 1,993 orthologous and paralogous gene clusters was identified, and the pan-genomic reservoir was found not only to accommodate more than 22,000 genes, but also to be open. The top ten paralogous genes in terms of copy number could be referred to three functional categories: transcription regulators, transporters, and synthases related to bioactive metabolites. Based on phylogenomic reconstruction, we inferred past evolutionary events, such as gene gains and losses, and identified a list of clade-specific genes implicated in environmental adaptation. These results provided insights into the genetic causes of environmental adaptability in this cosmopolitan actinobacterial group and the contributions made by its inherent features, including genome dynamics and the constituents of core and accessory proteins.
Scale-Based Description and Recognition of Planar Curves and Two-Dimensional Shapes

The problem of finding a description, at varying levels of detail, for planar curves and matching two such descriptions is posed and solved in this paper. A number of necessary criteria are imposed on any candidate solution method. Path-based Gaussian smoothing techniques are applied to the curve to find zeros of curvature at varying levels of detail. The result is the ``generalized scale space'' image of a planar curve which is invariant under rotation, uniform scaling and translation of the curve. These properties make the scale space image suitable for matching. The matching algorithm is a modification of the uniform cost algorithm and finds the lowest cost match of contours in the scale space images. It is argued that this is preferable to matching in a so-called stable scale of the curve because no such scale may exist for a given curve. This technique is applied to register a Landsat satellite image of the Strait of Georgia, B.C. (manually corrected for skew) to a map containing the shorelines of an overlapping area.
Don't confuse reputation with brand

Many executives speak about corporate reputation and brand as if they are one and the same. They are not, and confusing the two can be costly ? a lesson which companies like Nike Inc. and Wal-Mart Stores Inc. have learned the hard way. Focusing on reputation at the expense of brand can lead to product offerings that languish in the market. However, concentrating on brand and neglecting reputation can be equally dangerous, resulting in a lower stock price, difficulties in attracting top talent and even product boycotts. Brand is a "customercentric" concept that focuses on what a product, service or company has promised to its customers and what that commitment means to them. Reputation is a "companycentric" concept that focuses on the credibility and respect that an organization has among a broad set of constituencies, including employees, investors, regulators, journalists and local communities ? as well as customers. In other words, brand is about relevancy and differentiation (with respect to the customer), and reputation is about legitimacy of the organization (with respect to a wide range of stakeholder groups, including but not limited to customers). For most companies, even an outstanding reputation almost never comprises any unique characteristics that an organization can own and be known for. In short, reputation is a necessary but not sufficient condition for excellence because companies also need strong brands, which are characterized by high customer loyalty, pricing power and the ability to drive growth. Ultimately what drives customer preference and revenue is the ability of a company to create relevant products, services and brands and communicate and deliver them in a way that customers want to buy. Thus, executives need to do more than just keep their company's reputation on track. They need to differentiate their offerings in ways that win the hearts, minds and wallets of customers, and what helps make a company and its products special and preferred is its brand, not its reputation.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis for Smart City Data

The data gathered from smart cities can help citizens and city manager planners know where and when they should be aware of the repercussions regarding events happening in different parts of the city. Most of the smart city data analysis solutions are focused on the events and occurrences of the city as a whole, making it difficult to discern the exact place and time of the consequences of a particular event. We propose a novel method to model the events in a city in space and time. We apply our methodology for vehicular traffic data basing our models in (convolutional) neuronal networks.
AN ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEMS AND NEEDS OF MARITIME FACULTY MEMBERS REGARDING STUDENT-DISCIPLINE

This study determined the student-discipline problems encountered among Lyceum International Maritime Academy (LIMA) faculty members and their needs to address these problems in implementing classroom management properly. Seventeen (17) faculty members of LIMA were included in the study as respondents from Lyceum of the Philippines University in Batangas City. The descriptive type of research was utilized in the study. Results showed that LIMA Faculty members encountered cheating more often as number one improper behavior inside the classroom. Aside from this, copying of assignments from their classmates is another form. They also encountered acts of disrespect, vandalism and use of foul or vulgar language. Patience must always be the number one trait to posses by teachers to lessen anger due to individual differences of their students with different attitudes, moods, character, orientation and culture. Keeping the students motivated to perform their school activities well is one of the tasks must not be ignored by the teachers. The problems of the students must control or direct the mind-set of the teachers regarding their role as second parents. Students come to school not just to gain knowledge or learn some skills but also to earn real values.
A new approach to dynamics analysis of genetic algorithms without selection

Theoretical analysis of the dynamics of evolutionary algorithms is believed to be very important to understand the search behavior of evolutionary algorithms and to develop more efficient algorithms. We investigate the dynamics of a canonical genetic algorithm with one-point crossover and mutation theoretically. To this end, a new theoretical framework has been suggested in which the probability of each chromosome in the offspring population can be calculated from the probability distribution of the parent population after crossover and mutation. Empirical studies are conducted to verify the theoretical analysis. The finite population effect is also discussed. Compared to existing approaches to dynamics analysis, our theoretical framework is able to provide richer information on population dynamics and is computationally more efficient
Reactive point processes: A new approach to predicting power failures in underground electrical systems

Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Washington Reactive point processes (RPPs) are a new statistical model designed for predicting discrete events in time, based on past history. RPPs were developed to handle an important problem within the domain of electrical grid reliability: short term prediction of electrical grid failures (“manhole events”), including outages, fires, explosions, and smoking manholes, which can cause threats to public safety and reliability of electrical service in cities. RPPs incorporate self-exciting, self-regulating, and saturating components. The self-excitement occurs as a result of a past event, which causes a temporary rise in vulnerability to future events. The self-regulation occurs as a result of an external inspection which temporarily lowers vulnerability to future events. RPPs can saturate when too many events or inspections occur close together, which ensures that the probability of an event stays within a realistic range. Two of the operational challenges for power companies are i) making continuous-time failure predictions, and ii) cost/benefit analysis for decision making and proactive maintenance. RPPs are naturally suited for handling both of these challenges. We use the model to predict power-grid failures in Manhattan over a short term horizon, and use to provide a cost/benefit analysis of different proactive maintenance programs.
Local determinants of contour interpolation

Objects in our visual environment are perceived as integral wholes even when their retinal images are incomplete. We ask whether the perceptual precision of subjective interpolation between isolated image parts depends on the overall proportion of visible image information or rather on its geometrical arrangement. We used Varin-type subjective shapes that provide less physical stimulus information than Kanizsa-type figures because partially occluded solid inducers are replaced by partially occluded concentric arcs. We tested whether perceptual precision varies as a function of contour support, or alternatively, depends on the number of, and the distance between, line endings within the inducers. We measured performance in a probe localization task, where a small target is presented at different distances around a subjective boundary. Sensitivity, captured by the just noticeable position difference between inand outside probes, crucially depended on the geometric arrangement of line ends in the Varin figures. This is objective evidence that the apparent subjective contour strength does not primarily depend on contour support but is determined by the number and the separation between inducers’ line endings. The results suggest that neuronal mechanisms sensitive to highly localized 2D features are crucial for determining the perceived shape of visual objects.
Automated clarity and quality assessment for latent fingerprints

Clarity of a latent impression is defined as the discern-ability of fingerprint features while quality is defined as the amount (number) of features contributing towards matching. Automated estimation of clarity and quality at local regions in a latent fingerprint is a research challenge and has received limited attention in the literature. Local clarity and quality helps in better extraction of features and assessing the confidence of matches. The research focuses on (i) developing an automated local clarity estimation algorithm, (ii) developing an automated local quality estimation algorithm based on clarity, and (iii) understanding the correlation between clarity and quality in latent fingerprints. Local clarity assessment is performed using a 2-D linear symmetric structure tensor. The goodness of orientation field is proposed to estimate the local quality of a latent fingerprint. Experiments on the NIST SD-27 database show that incorporating local clarity information in the quality assessment improves the performance of the matching system.
Differences in outcomes of obese women and men undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of obesity on the incidence of main complications (infection, dislocation, and revision), functional outcome, and patient satisfaction 5 years after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to determine whether results differ between obese women and men. METHODS We conducted a hospital-based prospective cohort study including patients who underwent primary THA (2,495 hips) between 1996 and 2005. We used rates and rate ratios to compare the incidence of main complications in obese and nonobese patients, and we stratified the data for sex. Functional outcome was measured using the Harris Hip Score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. RESULTS The adjusted incidence rate ratio for infection (obese versus nonobese) was 4.4 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.8, 10.8). Obesity substantially increased the infection rate in women (incidence rate ratio comparing obese with nonobese women 16.1; 95% CI 3.4, 75.7), whereas obesity appeared to have no effect in men (incidence rate ratio 1.0; 95% CI 0.2, 5.3). The adjusted incidence rate ratio for dislocation (obese versus nonobese) was 2.4 (95% CI 1.4, 4.2), with a higher rate increase in obese women. A total of 817 patients had a 5-year clinical followup visit. Functional outcome and satisfaction were slightly lower in obese women partly due to higher complication rates. No difference was seen in men. CONCLUSION Primary THA is a successful intervention in obese patients, but physician and patient must be aware of increased complications, particularly in women.
Distributed approximation algorithms for weighted shortest paths

A distributed network is modeled by a graph having n nodes (processors) and diameter D. We study the time complexity of approximating weighted (undirected) shortest paths on distributed networks with a O (log n) bandwidth restriction on edges (the standard synchronous CONGEST model). The question whether approximation algorithms help speed up the shortest paths and distance computation (more precisely distance computation) was raised since at least 2004 by Elkin (SIGACT News 2004). The unweighted case of this problem is well-understood while its weighted counterpart is fundamental problem in the area of distributed approximation algorithms and remains widely open. We present new algorithms for computing both single-source shortest paths (SSSP) and all-pairs shortest paths (APSP) in the weighted case. Our main result is an algorithm for SSSP. Previous results are the classic O(n)-time Bellman-Ford algorithm and an Õ(n1/2+1/2k + D)-time (8k⌈log(k + 1)⌉ --1)-approximation algorithm, for any integer k ≥ 1, which follows from the result of Lenzen and Patt-Shamir (STOC 2013). (Note that Lenzen and Patt-Shamir in fact solve a harder problem, and we use Õ(·) to hide the O(poly log n) term. ) We present an Õ (n1/2D1/4 + D)-time (1 + o(1))-approximation algorithm for SSSP. This algorithm is sublinear-time as long as D is sublinear, thus yielding a sublinear-time algorithm with almost optimal solution. When D is small, our running time matches the lower bound of Ω(n1/2 + D) by Das Sarma et al. (SICOMP 2012), which holds even when D=Θ(log n), up to a poly log n factor. As a by-product of our technique, we obtain a simple Õ (n)-time (1+ o(1))-approximation algorithm for APSP, improving the previous Õ(n)-time O(1)-approximation algorithm following from the results of Lenzen and Patt-Shamir. We also prove a matching lower bound. Our techniques also yield an Õ(n1/2) time algorithm on fully-connected networks, which guarantees an exact solution for SSSP and a (2+ o(1))-approximate solution for APSP. All our algorithms rely on two new simple tools: light-weight algorithm for bounded-hop SSSP and shortest-path diameter reduction via shortcuts. These tools might be of an independent interest and useful in designing other distributed algorithms.