Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intuitionistic fuzzy parameterized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets with applications in decision making

In this work, we present definition of intuitionistic fuzzy parameterized (ifp) intuitionistic fuzzy soft set and its operations. Then we define ifp-aggregation operator to form ifp-intuitionistic fuzzy soft decision making method which allows constructing more efficient decision processes. Keyword 0.1 Soft set, intuitionistic fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy soft set, intuitionistic fuzzy parameterized intuitionistic fuzz soft set, decision making
Design of smart dust sensor node for combustible gas leakage monitoring

In this work we present the results of design of smart dust sensor platform for combustible gas leakage monitoring. During the design process we took into account a lot of combustible gas sensor specific problems such as their huge power consumption, the necessity to work in explosive environment and sensor parameters degradation. To decrease power consumption we designed specific energy efficient algorithms for measurements. The resulting average power consumption of the node is low enough for one year autonomous lifetime. The methods and algorithms which was designed are very promissing for catalytic combustible gas sensors.
Social Responsiveness of Higher Education: Access, Equity and Social Justice

The purpose of this study is to understand and present multiple perspectives on the trends and developments on access to higher education in India. It particularly aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on access, equity and social justice as part of social justice demand for higher education. Higher education institutions in India use three approaches to admit students, namely; classical – merit/elite door, social responsive – reservation door and economic responsive – financial interest door or the combination of the three, depending on their status and background such as public, private aided, private unaided. The study consulted relevant documents and literature to understand the problem, gathered empirical data through semi-closed qualitative interviews and used critical reflection and social constructivism approach to analyse and discuss the results. The findings indicate that some of the respondents support merit/elite door, some favour reservation door, some demand fair and square reservation system, some others seem to accept financial interest door, while some others support the combination of the two or the three approaches. The findings confirmed the initial assumption of the study that privatisation of higher education and the emergence of self-financing programmes and institutions have slowed down and posed new challenges to the social justice agenda. The study argues that it is important that higher educational institutions to uphold social responsiveness by embracing equity and social justice. Moreover, it is important to raise conscious about the social responsiveness of higher education among various stakeholders and accounting divergent perspectives contribute to engineer fair and just society.
An improved random forest classifier for image classification

This paper proposes an improved random forest algorithm for image classification. This algorithm is particularly designed for analyzing very high dimensional data with multiple classes whose well-known representative data is image data. A novel feature weighting method and tree selection method are developed and synergistically served for making random forest framework well suited to classify image data with a large number of object categories. With the new feature weighting method for subspace sampling and tree selection method, we can effectively reduce subspace size and improve classification performance without increasing error bound. Experimental results on image datasets with diverse characteristics have demonstrated that the proposed method could generate a random forest model with higher performance than the random forests generated by Breiman's method.
Pilotage isoarchique des systèmes de production

Dans un environnement extremement concurrentiel, piloter avec efficience son systeme de production est un point fondamental pour une entreprise. Les methodes traditionnelles de gestion et de pilotage montrent toutes leurs limites respectives face a l'inflation des contraintes de production : flexibilite, reactivite, agilite, rentabilite… Il devient donc incontournable d'explorer de nouvelles approches du pilotage, plutot en rupture avec les approches generalement utilisees pour effectuer les prises de decision. Apres un 1er chapitre presentant un etat de l’art sur les travaux de la communaute scientifique IMS (Intelligent Manufacturing System) a propos du paradigme holonique, le 2eme chapitre propose une architecture ne presentant plus aucune dimension hierarchique dans la prise de decision pour le pilotage des systemes de production : il s’agit de l’approche isoarchique, resultant du parti pris de pousser a ses limites le raisonnement anti hierarchique. Cette vision de la prise isoarchique de decision dans le contexte d'un ensemble d'entites holoniques en interaction est illustree dans les chapitres 3 & 4, via differentes applications et leur modelisation.
A VLSI architecture of cost calculation and all-zero block detection for fractional motion estimation

To improve the coding gain, many fractional motion estimation engines contain processing units for calculating the sum of absolute hadamard-transformed differences, which take about half of the overall area. In this paper, a new cost of the “Sum of Absolute Half-Transformed Differences” is proposed for H.264/AVC. The VLSI architecture of the new processing unit saves about 50% of the area with a very slight loss of the coding gain. Besides, an efficient all-zero block detection method could be easily implemented in this architecture, which can detect about 80% more all-zero blocks compared to the traditional approaches.
1 A Biologically Inspired Model for the Simultaneous Recognition of Identity and Expression

Faces provide a wide range of information about a person’s identity, race, sex, age and emotional state. In most cases, humans easily derive such information by processes that appear rapid and automatic. However, upon closer inspection one finds these processes to be diverse and complex. In this chapter, the perception of identity and emotion is examined. We argue that the two cannot be studied independently of each other because the internal computational processes are intertwined. Next, a computational model is developed for the processing of expression variant face images. This model is then applied to matching the identity of face images with differing expression. Finally, the model is used to classify expressions from face images.
Instruction Transfer And Storage Exploration for Low Energy VLIWs

For multimedia applications, loop buffering is an efficient mechanism to reduce the power in the instruction memory of embedded processors. In particular, software controlled clustered loop buffers are potentially very energy efficient. However current compilers for VLIW do not fully exploit the potentials offered by such a clustered organization. This paper presents ITSE, Instruction Transfer and Storage Exploration, a methodology to minimize the instruction memory energy using a software controlled clustered loop buffer as a basis. Results for the MediaBench application suite show 61% reduction (on average) in energy in the instruction memory hierarchy as compared to traditional, existing non-clustered approaches to the loop buffer without compromising performance
Inferring Indel Parameters using a Simulation-based Approach

In this study, we present a novel methodology to infer indel parameters from multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) based on simulations. Our algorithm searches for the set of evolutionary parameters describing indel dynamics which best fits a given input MSA. In each step of the search, we use parametric bootstraps and the Mahalanobis distance to estimate how well a proposed set of parameters fits input data. Using simulations, we demonstrate that our methodology can accurately infer the indel parameters for a large variety of plausible settings. Moreover, using our methodology, we show that indel parameters substantially vary between three genomic data sets: Mammals, bacteria, and retroviruses. Finally, we demonstrate how our methodology can be used to simulate MSAs based on indel parameters inferred from real data sets.
Combining continuous progressive model adaptation and factor analysis for speaker verification

A pedestrian trailer system including a trailer hitch assembly that has a first concave member and a cross bar that is releasably coupled. A body support member is included for positioning around a persons waist. The body support member has a second concave member and a belt member. A plurality of S-shaped bands form a pair of inner bands and a pair of outer bands. Each pair of bands is used to couple the trailer hitch member and the body support member. The pair of inner bands criss-cross when coupled with the first and second concave members. The pair of outer bands criss-cross when coupled with the first and second concave members. Lastly, a trailer member which has a pair of trailer arms is included. The pair of trailer arms have a lower end and an upper member. Each upper member has an opening for allowing the cross bar to be positioned within. The lower end has a wheel. The trailer member is to be pulled by a person when coupled with the cross bar of the trailer hitch member.
A Fuzzy Data Fusion Method for Improved Motion Estimation

Previous work has shown that information from different artificial vision approaches to the same problem can be combined to produce more robust results. Often, information from a technique looking at a completely different aspect of an image can also be of use. This paper reports the use of fuzzy set theory to combine the results of image processing techniques for different problems. Classical decision theory is used to guide the choice of fuzzy methods to take account of observation inter-dependencies and risk in a meaningful way. The approach is illustrated by the use of texture information to improve the results of motion estimation methods.
BRST structure of polynomial Poisson algebras

The BRST structure of polynomial Poisson algebras is investigated. It is shown that Poisson algebras provide non trivial models where the full BRST recursive procedure is needed. Quadratic Poisson algebras may already be of arbitrarily high rank. Explicit examples are provided, for which the first terms of the BRST generator are given. The calculations are cumbersome but purely algorithmic, and have been treated by means of the computer algebra system REDUCE. Our analysis is classical ($=$ non quantum) throughout.
Mathematical modelling for retransmission based contention resolution in OBS networks

For the past several years a significant amount of research has been conducted in the area of Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks. This research has been motivated by the need for the promising solution to minimize the burst loss ratio in OBS networks. The analysis of Optical Burst Switching networks with buffering and retransmission is considered. On arrival of the bursts if the wavelength is free, one of the burst occupies it and remaining enters the buffer for retransmission. Otherwise all the bursts enter the buffer. There are three essential hops provided to each burst to reach the destination. After a burst reaches the destination, the server may go for a maintenance activity or wait for the arrival of the new burst. We model it as a single wavelength retransmission queuing system using supplementary variable technique. Various parameters are derived. Numerical results are obtained using MATLAB.
Effects of Different Maturation Systems on Bovine Oocyte Quality, Plasma Membrane Phospholipid Composition and Resistance to Vitrification and Warming

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different maturation systems on oocyte resistance after vitrification and on the phospholipid profile of the oocyte plasma membrane (PM). Four different maturation systems were tested: 1) in vitro maturation using immature oocytes aspirated from slaughterhouse ovaries (CONT; n = 136); 2) in vitro maturation using immature oocytes obtained by ovum pick-up (OPU) from unstimulated heifers (IMA; n = 433); 3) in vitro maturation using immature oocytes obtained by OPU from stimulated heifers (FSH; n = 444); and 4) in vivo maturation using oocytes obtained from heifers stimulated 24 hours prior by an injection of GnRH (MII; n = 658). A sample of matured oocytes from each fresh group was analyzed by matrix associated laser desorption-ionization (MALDI-TOF) to determine their PM composition. Then, half of the matured oocytes from each group were vitrified/warmed (CONT VIT, IMA VIT, FSH VIT and MII VIT), while the other half were used as fresh controls. Afterwards, the eight groups underwent IVF and IVC, and blastocyst development was assessed at D2, D7 and D8. A chi-square test was used to compare embryo development between the groups. Corresponding phospholipid ion intensity was expressed in arbitrary units, and following principal components analyses (PCA) the data were distributed on a 3D graph. Oocytes obtained from superstimulated animals showed a greater rate of developmental (P<0.05) at D7 (MII = 62.4±17.5% and FSH = 58.8±16.1%) compared to those obtained from unstimulated animals (CONT = 37.9±8.5% and IMA = 50.6±14.4%). However, the maturation system did not affect the resistance of oocytes to vitrification because the blastocyst rate at D7 was similar (P>0.05) for all groups (CONT VIT = 2.8±3.5%, IMA VIT = 2.9±4.0%, FSH VIT = 4.3±7.2% and MII VIT = 3.6±7.2%). MALDI-TOF revealed that oocytes from all maturation groups had similar phospholipid contents, except for 760.6 ([PC (34:1) + H]+), which was more highly expressed in MII compared to FSH (P<0.05). The results suggest that although maturation systems improve embryonic development, they do not change the PM composition nor the resistance of bovine oocytes to vitrification.
Officer Support for Use of Force Policy: The Role of Fair Supervision

Police use of force is an issue of great concern, even in democratic societies. Recent events in the United States and Europe reinforce older lessons that legitimate policing is both important and hard to achieve. This article adds to our understanding of how a fundamental aspect of police organizations—supervision—might contribute to a better justified use of force by the police. We examine the relationship between fair supervision (internal procedural justice) and officers’ support for restrictions on their use of force. Our findings suggest that supervisor modeling can provide an important linkage between the two. The results also suggest that fair supervision fosters support for restraint in the use of force through greater moral alignment with citizens and increased trust in the general public. The implications of this for research and police practice are discussed.
Circular-Layer Algorithm for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks to Balance Power Consumption

In senor networks, the data traffic from the sensors are directional towards a data sink and are therefore uneven. The areas nearer the data sink experience higher data traffic and will run out of energy sooner. Circular-layer geometry takes into account the radial data traffic towards the data sink. We may construct an algorithm to divide the network into equal-area circular-layers, which are analogous to the square design in geographical adaptive fidelity (GAF). However, the circular-layer geometry alone has not taken into account the uneven data traffic. This paper proposes a circular-layer algorithm that schedules the sensors into active and sleep states in such a way as to evenly distribute the power consumption throughout the sensor networks. We divide the network into circular layers with the data sink at the center. The algorithm equalizes the lifetime time of all layers so that the nodes near the data sink will not run out of energy sooner. Energy is also wasted in reactive routing where the sensors flood the network with omni-directional route discovery messages to find a suitable route towards the data sink. This algorithm reduces such flooding by directing the route request messages towards the data sink, resulting in more energy saving. The circular-layer geometry alone is serving to save energy. In addition, balancing the power consumption throughout the network yields an additional lifetime extension of 21% in our simulation results of a four-layer scenario
Determining the Critical Success Factors in ERP Systems Implementations with Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping: The Case of Turkey

The purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting ERP implementation success by using fuzzy cognitive mapping method. Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM) is used to determine critical success factors affecting ERP implementation. FCM is based on graph theory, which was formulized by mathematician Euler in 1736. Fuzz cognitive method is very useful method for exploring the subjective factors of subject and the relationships between them. In this study we draw 16 fuzzy cognitive maps with interviewers whose are the owner or manager of enterprises or ERP team managers of the ERP teams. By the constructive analysis of the individual cognitive maps, "giving ERP education to team or end users", "Conformity and reliability of data" and "Support of top level management" variables are the most central variables. By the neural network analysis we find that if the ERP education increases, raises; "meeting the business needs of ERP system", "the efficiency of project plan", "project management and time schedule" variables increases too. And according to the second scenario if top level managers support the use of ERP system increases, raises; "meeting the business needs of ERP system", "giving ERP education to team and last users", "self-sacrifice of project team", "existence responsible persons from each department in the project team" variables are increases too. Also, this paper represents a first attempt for using fuzzy cognitive mapping to determine the factors, which affect the success of ERP application.
Offset optimization of traffic signals to maximize green time overlap considering the vehicle arrival profile for two-dimensional networks

To reduce congestion on arterial roads, many comprehensive studies on corridor traffic signal control for arterial roads have been performed. However, it is difficult to apply these signal control methods to urban road networks in which most of the links are major roads and none has priority for traffic control over another. To solve congestion problems in urban road networks, we propose an algorithm to optimize the offset value of each intersection by considering the boundary conditions of the offset values at adjacent intersections and the estimated vehicle arrival profile. The proposed algorithm maximizes the overlap of green time among adjacent intersections, where the traveling time of each link is taken into account to estimate the green time overlap and predict the vehicle profile using the TRANSYT model. Traffic simulations were performed using AVENUE, and the proposed algorithm was proved to improve the traffic efficiency. In this study, simulations were performed under the conditions of under-saturated traffic.
Downscaling and Assimilation of Surface Soil Moisture Using Ground Truth Measurements

Methods for reconciliation of spatial and temporal scales of data have become increasingly important as remote sensing data become more readily available and as the science of hydrology moves more heavily toward distributed modeling. The purpose of this paper is to develop a method to disaggregate coarse-resolution remote sensing data to finer scale resolutions that are more appropriate for use in hydrologic studies and water management. This disaggregation is done with the help of point measurements on the ground. The downscaling of remote sensing data is achieved by three main steps: initialization, spatial pattern mimicking, and assimilation. The first two steps are part of the main algorithm, and the last step, assimilation, is included for fine-tuning and to ensure further compatibility between the coarse-scale and fine-scale images. The assimilation step also incorporates the information coming from the point measurements. The approach has been applied and validated by downscaling images for two cases. In the first case, a synthetically generated random field is reproduced at fine and coarse resolutions. The downscaled image has been shown to match the spatial properties of the true image according to the variogram test as well as the magnitude of values according to the various univariate goodness-of-fit measures R2 = 0.91. In the second case, a soil moisture field from the Southern Great Plains (SGP 97) experiments is downscaled from a resolution of 800 m X 800 m to a resolution of 50 m X 50 m.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Preferentially Grows as Aggregates in Liquid Batch Cultures and Disperses upon Starvation

In both natural and artificial environments, bacteria predominantly grow in biofilms, and bacteria often disperse from biofilms as freely suspended single-cells. In the present study, the formation and dispersal of planktonic cellular aggregates, or ‘suspended biofilms’, by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in liquid batch cultures were closely examined, and compared to biofilm formation on a matrix of polyester (PE) fibers as solid surface in batch cultures. Plankton samples were analyzed by laser-diffraction particle-size scanning (LDA) and microscopy of aggregates. Interestingly, LDA indicated that up to 90% of the total planktonic biomass consisted of cellular aggregates in the size range of 10–400 µm in diameter during the growth phase, as opposed to individual cells. In cultures with PE surfaces, P. aeruginosa preferred to grow in biofilms, as opposed to planktonicly. However, upon carbon, nitrogen or oxygen limitation, the planktonic aggregates and PE-attached biofilms dispersed into single cells, resulting in an increase in optical density (OD) independent of cellular growth. During growth, planktonic aggregates and PE-attached biofilms contained densely packed viable cells and extracellular DNA (eDNA), and starvation resulted in a loss of viable cells, and an increase in dead cells and eDNA. Furthermore, a release of metabolites and infective bacteriophage into the culture supernatant, and a marked decrease in intracellular concentration of the second messenger cyclic di-GMP, was observed in dispersing cultures. Thus, what traditionally has been described as planktonic, individual cell cultures of P. aeruginosa, are in fact suspended biofilms, and such aggregates have behaviors and responses (e.g. dispersal) similar to surface associated biofilms. In addition, we suggest that this planktonic biofilm model system can provide the basis for a detailed analysis of the synchronized biofilm life cycle of P. aeruginosa.
The Transition Calculus: a high-level formalism for reasoning about action and change

Abstract. The majority of existing formalisms for reasoning about action and change require explicit references to low-level entities such as time points or situations whether or not these are a relevant feature of the problem in hand. Transition calculus is an alternative, high-level approach, in which actions are directly modelled in terms of the state changes that they bring about. It is argued that this provides a more natural way of representing and solving many action and change problems and it is shown how the formalism can be applied to the AI planning domain. Although primarily intended as a purely high-level formalism, transition calculus may also be given a temporal semantics and can thus also be used to solve problems reformulated in terms of explicit temporal references. Any useful action and change formalism must be capable of handling the frame problem. Transition calculus accomplishes this via a novel nonmonotonic reasoning mechanism based on minimization of unexplained state change. This .