Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous fault detection and control design for a network of multi-agent systems

The problem of simultaneous fault detection and control (SFDC) of linear continuous-time multi-agent systems is addressed in this paper. A mixed H∞/H- formulation of the SFDC problem by using distributed detection filters subject to only relative output measurements is presented. Using our proposed methodology, all agents reach a model reference consensus while simultaneously the agents collaborate with one another to detect the occurrence of faults in the team. Indeed, each agent not only can detect its own fault but also is capable of detecting its neighbor's faults. It is shown that through a decomposition approach the computational complexity of solving the problem is effectively reduced. The extended linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) is used to reduce the conservativeness of the SFDC results by introducing additional matrix variables to eliminate the couplings of Lyapunov matrices with the system matrices. Simulation results corresponding to a team of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) illustrate the effectiveness and capabilities of the proposed design methodology.
More overregularizations after all: new data and discussion on Marcus, Pinker, Ullman, Hollander, Rosen & Xu

Marcus, Pinker, Ullman, Hollander, Rosen & Xu (1992) claim that when the irregular past form of a verb is known, it is immediately known to be the correct form, such that overregularizations only occur as speech errors, not as a genuine grammatical alternative; as a result, they argue, overregularization rates are, when carefully inspected, very low. In the present paper: (1) it is shown that even if overregularizations are a genuine grammatical alternative, overall rates in samples would still be low for most children; (2) careful analysis shows evidence for substantial overregularization periods in three longitudinal subjects ages 2; 5–5; 2 (Abe), 2; 3–5; 2 (Adam) and 2; 3–5; 0 (Sarah); (3) Abe's much higher rates follow from general developments in his past tense acquisition, in ways not consonant with Marcus et al.'s formulations.
Age-related self-stigma of people over 65 years old: adaptation of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI) for use in age-related self-stigma (IS65+) in a Spanish sample

ABSTRACT Objectives: To adapt the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI) to examine self-stigma associated with aging and to study the psychometric properties of this adapted version (IS65+). Finally, self-stigma associated with age in older people is studied. Method: The IS65+ was administered to a random sample of 419 people over 65 years from Madrid (Spain) to study the psychometric properties of this adapted version. A regression model was estimated to identify the variables that best predict self-stigma associated with old age. Results: The IS65+ showed good internal consistency (α = .89) and a factorial structure of five factors. The data showed lower levels of self-stigma related to age in the sample than the levels of mental illness self-stigma in people with mental illness. The variables associated with age-related self-stigma are: high levels of perceived loneliness, low levels of coping strategies, gender (female), mental disorder, major depressive disorder, low levels of optimism and quality of life, and high levels of functional impairment. Conclusion: A new version of ISMI (IS65+) with acceptable psychometric criteria has been developed for use in people over 65 years old.
A procedure for day-ahead optimal operation planning of a MicroGrid

The integration of a Micro Grid (MG) in the distribution system requires the development of energy management procedures to provide flexibility to distribution system operators. In this paper, a tool for the day-ahead operation plan of a grid-connected MG, including distributed generators, electrical and thermal loads and storage devices, is proposed. The operation condition of the MG components is optimized by minimizing production and operational costs while satisfying electrical and thermal load demand. The procedure is applied to a test-bed of an experimental MG.
Quantifying the Large-Scale Hemodynamics of Intracranial Aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hemodynamics play an important role in the mechanisms that govern the initiation, growth, and possible rupture of intracranial aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to objectively characterize these dynamics, classify them, and connect them to aneurysm rupture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Image-based computational fluid dynamic simulations were used to re-create the hemodynamics of 210 patient-specific intracranial aneurysm geometries. The hemodynamics were then classified according to their spatial complexity and temporal stability by using quantities derived from vortex core lines and proper orthogonal decomposition. RESULTS: The quantitative classification was compared with a previous qualitative classification performed by visual inspection. Receiver operating characteristic curves provided area-under-the-curve estimates for spatial complexity (0.905) and temporal stability (0.85) to show that the 2 classifications were in agreement. Statistically significant differences were observed in the quantities describing the hemodynamics of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Specifically, ruptured aneurysms had more complex and more unstable flow patterns than unruptured aneurysms. Spatial complexity was more strongly associated with rupture than temporal stability. CONCLUSIONS: Complex-unstable blood flow dynamics characterized by longer core line length and higher entropy could induce biologic processes that predispose an aneurysm for rupture.
Ring-push metric learning for person reidentification

Abstract. Person reidentification (re-id) has been widely studied because of its extensive use in video surveillance and forensics applications. It aims to search a specific person among a nonoverlapping camera network, which is highly challenging due to large variations in the cluttered background, human pose, and camera viewpoint. We present a metric learning algorithm for learning a Mahalanobis distance for re-id. Generally speaking, there exist two forces in the conventional metric learning process, one pulling force that pulls points of the same class closer and the other pushing force that pushes points of different classes as far apart as possible. We argue that, when only a limited number of training data are given, forcing interclass distances to be as large as possible may drive the metric to overfit the uninformative part of the images, such as noises and backgrounds. To alleviate overfitting, we propose the ring-push metric learning algorithm. Different from other metric learning methods that only punish too small interclass distances, in the proposed method, both too small and too large inter-class distances are punished. By introducing the generalized logistic function as the loss, we formulate the ring-push metric learning as a convex optimization problem and utilize the projected gradient descent method to solve it. The experimental results on four public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Democratizing Optometric Care: A Vision-Based, Data-Driven Approach to Automatic Refractive Error Measurement for Vision Screening

We present a vision-based, data-driven approach to identifying and measuring refractive errors in human subjects with low-cost, easily available equipment and no specialist training. Vision problems, such as refractive error (e.g. nearsightedness, astigmatism, etc) are common ocular problems, which, if uncorrected, may lead to serious visual impairment. The diagnosis of such defects conventionally requires expensive specialist equipment and trained personnel, which is a barrier in many parts of the developing world. Our approach aims to democratize optometric care by utilizing the computational power inherent in consumer-grade devices and the advances made possible by multimedia computing. We present results that show our system is able to match and outperform state-of-the-art medical devices under certain conditions.
Conformational studies of vasopressin and mesotocin using NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling methods. Part II: studies in the SDS micelle

There is much evidence to support the hypothesis that lipids play a role in the interaction of peptide hormones with their membrane receptors. This interaction through change of peptide conformation can facilitate the entry of the hormone into the microenvironment of the receptor. In the present study we have examined the interaction of vasopressin and mesotocin with a lipid—sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micelle—using 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and theoretical methods. Solution structures of two hormones in solution with SDS were established using the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) and the 3JNHHα couplings. The amino acid sequences of these peptides are: c[C1‐Y2‐F3‐Q4‐N5‐C6]‐P7‐R8‐G9‐NH2 ([Arg8]vasopressin, AVP) and c[C1‐Y2‐I3‐Q4‐N5‐C6]‐P7‐I8‐G9‐NH2 (MT). Each of the peptides was found to occur as one stable conformation. AVP adopts the cis configuration on the Cys1‐Tyr2 peptide bond, a finding not reported so far. The three‐dimensional structures of the two peptides studied were determined by a method that consisted of time‐averaged molecular dynamics in an explicit SDS micelle with the parm99 force field in AMBER8.0 package. All calculated structures of the studied peptides form β‐turns in their cyclic parts. The C‐terminal fragment of MT is bent, whereas that of AVP is extended. Copyright © 2007 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Past and Recent Conceptualisations of Sociomateriality and its Features: Review

This paper reviews the theoretical evolution of sociomateriality focusing on both the material and social, whilst considering the practical underpinnings. As part of the exploration, it is necessary to develop a definitional understanding of the term technology as it has been presented in many ways and by many scholars and scientists without clear alignment and agreement. One of the definitions for example describes technology as "computing", not providing any additional explanation, features or characteristics around the term, which indicated that prior literature underestimated either the technological or social world in practice. The evolution of definitions has led to a perspective of treating material and social as coexistent, avowed as sociomateriality. This paper presents how different views on sociomateriality have stimulated new understandings and new theoretical perspectives. In reviewing sociomateriality with a historical and critical note, the paper builds on relevant philosophical and ontological groundings, such as performativity and relational ontology, in contrast to this tackling ontology of separateness, which is considered not acceptable under any condition. The theorising of relational ontology led to the formation of "strong sociomateriality" presented as: "Matter is always as such in relation to what it materializes" (Martine and Cooren 2016: 148). Important to note is that the contrasting definitions were the ones presenting imbrication on one hand and entanglement of the two worlds on the other. This review presents the portrayal, purposes, treatment and usage of the phenomenon and its features by scholars. In the paper further practical examples of sociomateriality are explored whilst acknowledging the lack of examples in marketing focused on practice and as a result an emergent gap between material and social, which this paper addresses. In sum the aim of the paper is to present a shift in the perspectives of sociomateriality, alongside with an acknowledgement of materiality and sociality in practice and to develop stronger theories and concepts.
Product-country images : the role of country image in consumers' prototype product evaluation

What is the relationship between a country specific image and the image of products made in that country? What is the role of country image in consumers' product evaluations? While many of previous studies have examined the COO effects on consumers' overall quality perceptions of products, little work has been done on investigating the relationship between a country specific image, its product image, and consumers' purchase willingness. A prototype car product, with fictitious country of origin from Germany, Italy, Korea and Malaysia, was developed for investigating consumers' perceptions, and for defining the role of country image in consumers product evaluations. In order to generalise research findings to the global context, tests with the questionnaires are conducted from 320 undergraduate students in four countries (United Kingdom, United States, Hong Kong, and Australia). A review of the prior literature on country of origin effects, product-country images, and models of belief-attitude provided two constructs of country of origin (COO) and country of target (COT) as direction of this study. Finally, the literature review enabled the development of three main questions as basis of five hypotheses as follows; (a) Are there significant differences between consumer groups' attitudes toward a specific country and its prototype car products? (b) Are there significant differences between consumer groups' purchase willingness toward products from a specific country? (c) What is the role of country image in consumers' product evaluations? iring instruments for this study Constructs Country of Origin Country Image (COO) as Beliefs VS ___________ Country of Target Product Image (COT) as Beliefs Attitude Three sets of hypotheses were tested in this study which were concerned with country image, product image, and purchase willingness as sub-constructs of COO and COT. Two statistical techniques were used to analyse the data multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). This study contributes to the body of knowledge on country of origin in a number of specific ways: first, prototypes, rather than existing product are employed as stimuli; second, the construct of country of target (COT) was introduced and was conceptualised as a complement to that of country of origin (COO); and third, the interaction between these three elements is explored. Eventually, the finding of this research confirmed that the COT construct and its effects are potentially very important to the study of the role of country image and to business people exporting products from a particular COO.
Reduction of permanent magnet eddy current loss in interior permanent magnet synchronous motor according to rotor design optimization

This study presents the optimized rotor shape of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (IPMSM) with the concentrated winding in order to reduce eddy current loss of Permanent Magnet (PM) and torque ripple under the running condition of Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) and flux weakening control. Particularly, PM eddy current loss, which is a distinctive loss component in IPMSM, has been numerically investigated with the 3-D Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Associated with the 3-D FEA, the optimal design has been carried out to determine the optimized rotor shape, which contributes to reduce PM eddy current loss and torque ripple without significantly sacrificing the rated torque. The characteristics of the optimally designed rotor shape are compared with the primitive one, manifesting the improved performance, and also thoroughly investigated on the mechanical safety.
Steps Towards Commonsense-Driven Belief Revision in the Event Calculus

Recent extensions of the Event Calculus resulted in powerful formalisms, able to reason about a multitude of commonsense phenomena in causal domains, involving epistemic notions, functional fluents and probabilistic aspects, among others. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the problem of automatically revising (correcting) a Knowledge Base when an observation contradicts predictions regarding the world. Despite mature work on the related belief revision field, adapting such results for the case of action theories is non-trivial. This paper reports on ongoing work for addressing this problem by proposing a generic framework in the context of the Event Calculus, along with ASP encodings of the revision algorithm.
Effect of intravenous administration of tramadol hydrochloride on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rabbits.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of IV administration of tramadol hydrochloride on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (ISOMAC) that prevented purposeful movement of rabbits in response to a noxious stimulus. ANIMALS Six 6- to 12-month-old female New Zealand White rabbits. PROCEDURES Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. A baseline ISOMAC was determined by clamping a pedal digit with sponge forceps until gross purposeful movement was detected or a period of 60 seconds elapsed. Subsequently, tramadol (4.4 mg/kg) was administered IV and the posttreatment ISOMAC (ISOMAC(T)) was measured. RESULTS Mean +/- SD ISOMAC and ISOMAC(T) values were 2.33 +/- 0.13% and 2.12 +/- 0.17%, respectively. The ISOMAC value decreased by 9 +/- 4% after tramadol was administered. Plasma tramadol and its major metabolite (M1) concentrations at the time of ISOMAC(T) determination varied widely (ranges, 181 to 636 ng/mL and 32 to 61 ng/mL, respectively). Intervals to determination of ISOMAC(T) and plasma tramadol and M1 concentrations were not correlated with percentage change in the ISOMAC. Heart rate decreased significantly immediately after tramadol administration but by 10 minutes afterward was not different from the pretreatment value. Systolic arterial blood pressure decreased to approximately 60 mm Hg for approximately 5 minutes in 3 rabbits after tramadol administration. No adverse effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE As administered, tramadol had a significant but clinically unimportant effect on the ISOMAC in rabbits. Higher doses of tramadol may provide clinically important reductions but may result in a greater degree of cardiovascular depression.
Agent-based one-shot authorisation scheme in a commercial extranet environment

The enormous growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web has provided the opportunity for an enterprise to extend its boundaries in the global business environment. While commercial functions can be shared among a variety of strategic allies - including business partners and customers, extranets appear to be the cost-effective solution to providing global connectivity for different user groups. Because extranets allow third-party users into corporate networks, they need to be extremely secure and external access needs to be highly controllable. Access control and authorisation mechanisms must be in place to regulate user access to information/resources in a manner that is consistent with the current set of policies and practices both at intra-organisational and cross-organisational levels. In the business-to-customer (B2C) e-commerce setting, a service provider faces a wide spectrum of new customers, who may not have pre-existing relationships established. Thus the authorisation problem is particularly complex. In this thesis, a new authorisation scheme is proposed to facilitate the service provider to establish trust with potential customers, grant access privileges to legitimate users and enforce access control in a diversified commercial environment. Four modules with a number of innovative components and mechanisms suitable for distributed authorisation on extranets are developed: * One-shot Authorisation Module - One-shot authorisation token is designed as a flexible and secure credential for access control enforcement in client/server systems; * Token-Based Trust Establishment Module - Trust token is proposed for server-centric trust establishment in virtual enterprise environment. * User-Centric Anonymous Authorisation Module - One-task authorisation key and anonymous attribute certificate are developed for anonymous authorisation in a multi-organisational setting; * Agent-Based Privilege Negotiation Module - Privilege negotiation agents are proposed to provide dynamic authorisation services with secure client agent environment for hosting these agents on user's platform
Mechanism by which psychotropic drugs inhibit adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate phosphodiesterase of brain.

Bovine brain contains several molecular forms of adenosine cyclic 39,59-monophosphate phosphodiesterase. The activity of one of these forms is increased several fold by an endogenous protein activator. Chlorpromazine, a potent phenothiazine tranquilizer, specifically inhibits the activation of a partially purified phosphodiesterase prepared from bovine brain at concentrations which do not inhibit the enzyme in the absence of activator. Ethylene glycol bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N9-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), a calcium chelator, also specifically inhibits the activation of phosphodiesterase. However, the mechanisms by which EGTA and chlorpromazine act are different. EGTA produces its effect by chelating calcium, a required cofactor for phosphodiesterase activation; the EGTA-induced inhibition can be overcome by increasing the calcium concentration but not by increasing the concentration of activator. In contrast, chlorpromazine inhibits the activation of phosphodiesterase by interfering with the phosphodiesterase-activator interaction; the chlorpromazine-induced inhibition can be overcome by increasing the concentration of activator but not by increasing the concentration of calcium. Several other psychotropic drugs also inhibit the activation of phosphodiesterase of bovine brain. The antipsychotic agents trifluoperazine, thioridazine, benperidol, pimozide, and chlorprothixene are all potent, selective inhibitors of the activation of phosphodiesterase. The antianxiety agents medazepam and chlordiazepoxide and the antidepressants amitriptyline, protriptyline, and desipramine also selectively inhibit the activation of phosphodiesterase but are significantly less potent than the antipsychotics. Phenothiazines with relatively weak antipsychotic actions, chlorpromazine sulfoxide and promethazine, are less selective and less potent inhibitors than the antipsychotic phenothiazine derivatives. Other agents having central pharmacological actions, such as pentobarbital, pipradrol, D-lysergic acid diethylamide, pentylenetetrazol, morphine, and amphetamine, are poor inhibitors of either the activated or unactivated phoshodiesterase. These findings suggest that (a) the mechanism by which the phenothiazines inhibit the activation of phosphodiesterase involves competition with the endogenous protein activator of phosphodiesterase, and (b) selective inhibition of the activation of phosphodiesterase is a property common to agents which are effective in certain forms of psychiatric illnesses rather than to either general central nervous system depressants or stimulants.