Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A two-year follow-up study of salivary cortisol concentration and the risk of depression

Objectives Demanding psychosocial working conditions are a suspected cause of depression. High cortisol concentration, a biomarker of an activated stress response, has been found in depressed patients. Increased physiological stress has been suggested as a mechanism linking psychosocial working conditions and depression. The aim of this study was to determine if a high level of salivary cortisol is a risk factor of depression. Methods In 2007, we enrolled 4,467 public employees. Morning and evening salivary cortisol concentration were measured for each participant. Participants reporting high levels of depressive, burnout, or stress symptoms, assessed by questionnaires were assigned to a psychiatric interview. In this interview 98 participants were diagnosed with depression and subsequently excluded. Two years later in 2009, 2,920 participants who had provided at least one valid saliva cortisol measurement at baseline participated at follow up. The psychiatric interviews were repeated and 62 cases of newly onset depression were diagnosed. Odds ratios of depression were estimated for every 1.0 nmol/l increase in morning, evening, and daily mean cortisol concentration, as well as for the difference between morning and evening cortisol concentration. Results The risk of depression decreased by increasing daily mean cortisol concentration and by increasing difference between morning and evening concentrations, while morning and evening cortisol concentrations were not significantly associated with depression. The adjusted odds ratios for 1.0 nmol/l increase in morning, evening, and mean daily cortisol concentration were 0.69 (95% CI: 0.45–1.05), 0.87 (0.59–1.27), and 0.54 (0.32–0.90), respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for 1.0 nmol/l increase in difference between morning and evening concentration were 0.64 (0.46–0.90). Conclusions This study did not support the hypothesis that high salivary cortisol concentration is a risk factor of depression, but indicate that low mean salivary cortisol concentration and a small difference between morning and evening cortisol concentration may be risk factors of depression.
The AIGER And-Inverter Graph (AIG) Format Version 20070427

This report describes the AIG file format as used by the AIGER library. The purpose of this report is not only to motivate and document the format, but also to allow independent implementations of writers and readers by giving precise and unambiguous definitions. Acknowledgements The format went through various incarnations even before real code became available. In particular the following colleagues gave invaluable feedback on earlier drafts.
The Extraordinary Mid-infrared Spectrum of the Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy SBS 0335–052

SBS 0335-052 is a blue compact dwarf galaxy (BCD) with one of the lowest known metallicities, Z ∼ Z⊙/41, making it a local example of how primordial starburst galaxies and their precursors might appear. A spectrum obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope clearly shows silicate absorption features and emission lines of [S IV] and [Ne III], and puts strong upper limits on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features. The observed low-resolution spectrum (R ∼ 90) extends from 5.3 to 35 μm and peaks at ∼28 μm. The spectrum is compared to IRS observations of the prototypical starburst nucleus NGC 7714. SBS 0335-052 is quite unlike normal starburst galaxies, which show strong PAH bands, low-ionization emission lines, and a continuum peak near 80 μm. The continuum difference for λ > 30 μm implies a substantial reduction in the mass of cold dust. If the spectrum of this very low-metallicity galaxy is representative of star-forming galaxies at higher redshifts, it may be difficult to distinguish them from active galactic nuclei, which also show relatively featureless flat spectra in the mid-IR.
Dominance detection in face-to-face conversations

Dominance is referred to the level of influence a person has in a conversation. Dominance is an important research area in social psychology, but the problem of its automatic estimation is a very recent topic in the contexts of social and wearable computing. In this paper, we focus on dominance detection from visual cues. We estimate the correlation among observers by categorizing the dominant people in a set of face-to-face conversations. Different dominance indicators from gestural communication are defined, manually annotated, and compared to the observers opinion. Moreover, the considered indicators are automatically extracted from video sequences and learnt by using binary classifiers. Results from the three analysis shows a high correlation and allows the categorization of dominant people in public discussion video sequences.
Face Recognition Based on Extended Locally Linear Embedding

Face image data taken with various capturing devices are usually high dimensional and not very suitable for accurate classification. In this paper, a new face recognition method based on nonlinear dimensionality reduction is proposed. The extended locally linear embedding (ELLE) first embeds the high dimensional face data into a low dimensional hidden manifold. Then the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is performed to find an optimal projection direction for classification. The proposed method was tested and evaluated using the AT&T and Yale face databases. Recognition rates were compared with Eigenface, Fisherface and LLE. Experimental results indicated the promising performance of the proposed method
Goal-Directed Information Seeking in Time-Synchronized and Topic-Linked Records of the Apollo Lunar Missions

We live in an era in which ubiquitous networks bring together information from a vast array of sources. The resulting confluence creates new opportunities for providing integrated access. This paper describes the use of a system for exploring the rich recorded legacy of the Apollo missions to the Moon, using the event structure of each mission as an organizing principle. Qualitative analysis of a study with five journalism students indicates that the system is capable of supporting goal-directed information seeking
Detection of exon deletions within an entire gene (CFTR) by relative quantification on the LightCycler.

BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with at least 1 pathogen point sequence variant on each CFTR allele. Some symptomatic patients, however, have only 1 detectable pathogen sequence variant and carry, on the other allele, a large deletion that is not detected by conventional screening methods. METHODS For relative quantitative real-time PCR detection of large deletions in the CFTR gene, we designed DNA-specific primers for each exon of the gene and primers for a reference gene (beta2-microglobulin). For PCR we used a LightCycler system (Roche) and calculated the gene-dosage ratio of CFTR to beta2-microglobulin. We tested the method by screening all 27 exons in 3 healthy individuals and 2 patients with only 1 pathogen sequence variant. We then performed specific deletion screenings in 10 CF patients with known large deletions and a blinded analysis in which we screened 24 individuals for large deletions by testing 8 of 27 exons. RESULTS None of the ratios for control samples were false positive (for deletions or duplications); moreover, for all samples from patients with known large deletions, the calculated ratios for deleted exons were close to 0.5. In addition, the results from the blinded analysis demonstrated that our method can also be used for the screening of single individuals. CONCLUSIONS The LightCycler assay allows reliable and rapid screening for large deletions in the CFTR gene and detects the copy number of all 27 exons.
Indonesian Notebook: A Sourcebook on Richard Wright and the Bandung Conference

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Summary Generation for Toponym-referenced Images using Object Type Language Models

This paper presents a novel approach to automatic captioning of toponym-referenced images. The automatic captioning procedure works by summarizing multiple web-documents that contain information related to an image’s location. Our summarizer can generate both query-based and language model-biased multidocument summaries. The models are created from large numbers of existing articles pertaining to places of the same “object type”. Evaluation relative to human written captions shows that when language models are used to bias the summarizer the summaries score more highly than the non-biased ones.
Identifying Barriers to Mental Health Service Utilization Among Heavy Drinking Community College Students

ABSTRACT There are limited findings on mental health prevalence and service utilization rates among community college (CC) students. Utilizing a heavy drinking CC sample, the current study examined: 1) prevalence of mental health symptoms, 2) mental health service utilization and perceived unmet service need, and 3) barriers to service utilization. Participants were 142 CC students who were heavy alcohol users (70% female; 59% White) from three public CCs in the Pacific Northwest who were participating in a larger study designed to adapt a brief intervention for high-risk alcohol use. Findings of the current study revealed that 32% of CC students had a positive screen for depression; 25% had a positive screen for anxiety; a total of 28% received mental health services in the past 12 months; a total of 41% reported a perceived unmet need for mental health srvices at some point in the past 12 months (i.e., needing mental health services but not receiving it). Students with mental health symptoms reported more barriers to receiving services, and were more likely to not receive services due to cost, compared to students without mental health symptoms. There were differences in type of barrier as a function of alcohol use severity, although there was no difference in number of barriers. Campuses may benefit from understanding mental health service utilization barriers their students report and to effectively advertise the services offered. Training of student services personnel staff and faculty in screening for mental health or substance use may be a worthwhile and cost-effective endeavor.
How to Weigh Everything from Atoms to Apples Using the Revised SI

Abstract: The fact that the unit of mass might soon be derived from the Planck constant, rather than from an artifact standard, can seem daunting and downright baffling when viewed from the vantage point of our day to day perception of mass. After all, at measurement levels that register with our human senses, the connection between the quantum mechanics of Planck (atoms) and the engineering mechanics of Newton (apples) is less than obvious. However, as the physicist Richard Feynman famously observed, “there is plenty of room at the bottom”, and our need to quantify the mass of objects isn't always limited to the familiar quantities we encounter in the produce section of our grocery store. Here, I explore the connection between mass and the Planck constant and suggest that a benefit of deriving the unit of mass from a fundamental constant is that it is inherently more scalable than the present artifact. For example, scientists and engineers working at the forefront of measurement science are increasingly pushing the boundary on what we consider a measurement of mass. In fact, a group now claims to have measured the mass of a cesium atom to within well below a yoctogram, which is below the mass of a single proton. This unit of mass is a submultiple of our present artifact kilogram so small that it requires 27 zeros after the decimal point before it even registers as a significant digit! How are such things possible? Why would you try? Can we even conceive of a traceable yoctogram? To begin grappling with these questions, I will attempt to guide you through the physics of Newton and Planck and, I hope, shed some light on how we can weigh everything from atoms to apples in a revised SI based on fundamental constants.
To what extent is the Script Concordance Test a valid measure of clinical reasoning for Advanced Paediatric Life Support Training

iii Declaration . iv Acknowledgements . vi List of Tables . x List of Figures . xi Chapter 1: Introduction . 13 1.1 Background for this study . 13 1.2 The challenge of learning something that is tacit . 14 1.3 Response to the problem and aim of the project . 15 1.4 Study design . 16 1.5 Situating the researcher . 18 1.6 Research questions and their significance . 18 1.7 Methodology . 19 1.8 Definitions of key terms . 21 1.9 Structure of the thesis . 25 Chapter 1: Introduction . 25 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 25 Chapter 3: Methodology . 25 Chapter 4: Findings, Analysis and Discussion (related to the stages of the research process). 26 Chapter 5: Conclusion . 26 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 27 2.
Pseudo-Supervised Clustering for Text Documents

Effective solutions for Web search engines can take advantage of algorithms for the automatic organization of documents into homogeneous clusters. Unfortunately, document clustering is not an easy task especially when the documents share a common set of topics, like in vertical search engines. In this paper we propose two clustering algorithms which can be tuned by the feedback of an expert. The feedback is used to choose an appropriate basis for the representation of documents, while the clustering is performed in the projected space. The algorithms are evaluated on a dataset containing papers from computer science conferences. The results show that an appropriate choice of the representation basis can yield better performance with respect to the original vector space model.
MIBG molecular imaging for evaluating response to chemotherapy in patients with malignant pheochromocytoma: preliminary results

Abstract Malignant pheochromocytomas respond to chemotherapy with a reduction in tumor size and catecholamine secretion. We investigated the usefulness of molecular imaging with meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) for evaluating the effects of chemotherapy in patients with malignant pheochromocytoma. Six patients were studied before and after 6 ± 4 months of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dacarbazine. Urinary catecholamines, metanephrines, and vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) levels were measured before and after chemotherapy. [131I]MIBG uptake was calculated for each tumor lesion on images before and after chemotherapy. An intensity ratio (IR) of abnormal to normal tissue count density was used to evaluate the change in lesion activity with therapy. Urinary catecholamines, metanephrines, and VMA significantly decreased with chemotherapy. MIBG uptake decreased in most lesions and the reduction in overall IR correlated with the reduction in urinary VMA. However, the change in individual lesions was variable and MIBG IR did not change or increased in a number of lesions. In conclusion, MIBG imaging is useful in the evaluation of patients with malignant pheochromocytoma who are receiving chemotherapy. It can provide not only a measure of overall effectiveness of treatment but also allows a lesion-by-lesion evaluation of the heterogeneity of response to chemotherapy.
Trust Issue Relationship between the Consumer and Food Brands: the Moderating Role of Personality Traits

ii GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 Background of the Study . 2 Research Questions and Objective of the Study . 4 Organization of the Study . 5 CHAPTER I. LITERATURE REVIEW AND TRUST MODELS . 7 Introduction . 8 Section 1. Literature Review . 8 1.1 Consumer-Brand Relationship . 8 1.2 Trust in Consumer-Brand Relationship . 10 1.3 Relationship Trust and Other Quality Variables . 12 1.4 The Moderating Role of Personality Traits . 12 Section 2. Trust Models . 14 2.1 Different Trust Models in Consumer-Brand Relationship . 14 2.2 The Relationship between Trust and Satisfaction . 19 2.2.1 Satisfaction and Trust are Independent from each Other . 20 2.2.2 Trust is an Antecedent of Customer Satisfaction . 23 2.2. 3 Satisfaction is a Predictor of Trust . 25 Summary . 31 CHAPTER II. CONSTRUCTS, MODEL AND HYPOTHESES . 32 Introduction . 33 Section 1. Research Constructs . 33 1.1 Brand Satisfaction . 33 1.2 Brand Trust . 34 1.3 Brand Loyalty . 34
Performance Evaluation of a Path Diversity-Based Video Streaming Approach over Best Effort Networks

Efficient delivery of video sequences over best effort networks is challenged by delay variations and packet losses which occur due to congestion at intermediate routers in addition to the stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements of video applications. In this paper, we propose a joint path diversity and priority-based queuing scheme for video streaming over best effort networks like the Internet. The proposed scheme exploits the differential sensitivity inherent in video frames as well as possible paths' redundancies available in best effort networks. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared through simulations with a best effort streaming model as well as a priority-based model. The simulation results indicate that the proposed joint path diversity-based model outperforms the priority-based model in terms of the average end-to-end delay and losses which is reflected in the occupancy of the playback buffer.
Questioning EU Cohesion Policy in Portugal

During the last decade the development of the Norte region of Portugal has been the object of several studies whose conclusions - according to the present paper - need revision in line with a new scientific paradigm. It is our understanding that regional and innovation policies should be based on a complex systems approach whose emergence is acknowledged in the first part of the paper. Accepting the usefulness of this meta-theory for research on firms’ behaviour and innovation, we develop a preliminary analysis of the strategic behaviour of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Norte region in responding to direct financial support from Structural Funds. The empirical results confirm the research hypothesis that current policies based on financial incentives have little effectiveness in promoting the changes required by SMEs in the globalizing knowledge-based economy. Considering knowledge as an emergent property of complex social systems, as are firms and regions, the paper argues that SMEs need a customized and interactive innovation policy, managed at a regional level. This argument should be considered, both in Portugal and at the EU level, as part of the EU Cohesion Policy debate after 2006.
The concurrency control and recovery problem for multilevel update transactions in MLS systems

The problem is addressed of a transaction reading and writing data at multiple classification levels in a multilevel secure (MLS) database. The authors refer to such transactions as multilevel update transactions. They show that no scheduler can ensure atomicity of multilevel update transactions in the presence of transaction aborts and at the same time be secure. There are essentially two ways of scheduling multilevel update transactions. The first method, which ensures strong atomicity, involves delaying low-level subtransactions until the fats of the sibling high-level subtransactions are known. The second scheme, which ensures only semantic atomicity, involves compensating the effects of any committed subtransactions. Analysis of these schemes indicates that the compensation approach leads to lower covert channel bandwidths. A concurrency control and recovery protocol based on compensation is proposed for multilevel update transactions. The security and correctness of the protocol is considered. <<ETX>>
High Resolution Clear Native Electrophoresis for In-gel Functional Assays and Fluorescence Studies of Membrane Protein Complexes*

Clear native electrophoresis and blue native electrophoresis are microscale techniques for the isolation of membrane protein complexes. The Coomassie Blue G-250 dye, used in blue native electrophoresis, interferes with in-gel fluorescence detection and in-gel catalytic activity assays. This problem can be overcome by omitting the dye in clear native electrophoresis. However, clear native electrophoresis suffers from enhanced protein aggregation and broadening of protein bands during electrophoresis and therefore has been used rarely. To preserve the advantages of both electrophoresis techniques we substituted Coomassie dye in the cathode buffer of blue native electrophoresis by non-colored mixtures of anionic and neutral detergents. Like Coomassie dye, these mixed micelles imposed a charge shift on the membrane proteins to enhance their anodic migration and improved membrane protein solubility during electrophoresis. This improved clear native electrophoresis offers a high resolution of membrane protein complexes comparable to that of blue native electrophoresis. We demonstrate the superiority of high resolution clear native electrophoresis for in-gel catalytic activity assays of mitochondrial complexes I–V. We present the first in-gel histochemical staining protocol for respiratory complex III. Moreover we demonstrate the special advantages of high resolution clear native electrophoresis for in-gel detection of fluorescent labeled proteins labeled by reactive fluorescent dyes and tagged by fluorescent proteins. The advantages of high resolution clear native electrophoresis make this technique superior for functional proteomics analyses.
On the influence of hyperarticulated speech on recognition performance

Since we cannot exclude that speech recognizers fail some-times, it is important to examine how users react to recognition errors. In correction situations, speaking style becomes more accentuated to disambiguate the original mistake. We examine the effect of speaking style in such situations on speech recognition performance. Our results indicate that hyperarticulated effects occur in correction situations and decrease word accuracy signiﬁcantly.