Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a novel retinoblastoma (Rb) nude mouse model by intravitreal injection of human Rb Y79 cells – comparison of in vivo analysis versus histological follow up

ABSTRACT Retinoblastoma (Rb) is the most frequent primary intraocular tumour in children and, if left untreated, can cause death. Preclinical animal models that mimic molecular, genetic, and cellular features of cancers are essential for studying cancer and searching for promising diagnosis and treatment modalities. There are several models described for Rb, but none of them fully meet our requirements. The aim of this study was to create a novel xenograft-nude mouse-model with broad application possibilities, which closely resembles the clinical observations of Rb patients and which could be used to investigate the development and spread of the tumour by using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy/optical coherence tomography (SLO/OCT) as well as histology methods. We injected human retinoblastoma Y79 cells intravitreally in both eyes of immune-deficient nude mice. The incidences of retinoblastoma as well as growth velocity were analysed 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after cell injection in vivo by SLO/OCT as well as ex vivo by electron microscopy (EM) and hematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining. Moreover, internal organs were histologically screened for potentially occurring metastases. Three weeks post-injection, animals developed a retinoblastoma, and after five weeks tumour growth resulted in swelling of the eyes in individual animals, showing a similar phenotype to that of untreated Rb patients at advanced stages of tumour-development. After 12 weeks, 67.5% of all analysed eyes (29 of 42) contained a retinoblastoma. At early stages of Rb development, the SLO/OCT analysis correlated with the histology results. If the tumours were too large, only histological investigations were feasible. The ultrastructural characteristics of the xenograft-tumours were very similar to those described for patient's tumours. In one mouse, brain metastases were observed. Our retinoblastoma mouse model closely resembles the human disease. SLO/OCT can be used for the detection of Rb at early stages of development and could be used for monitoring the success of future therapies. Summary: We present a novel retinoblastoma nude xenograft mouse model which closely resembles the human disease and allows broad application possibilities and a comparison of in vivo and histological analysis.
An Experimental Study of Matrix-Based Data Distortion Methods

A number of matrix-based data distortion methods are presented and experimentally studied in this paper. The performances of seven methods are compared in terms of utility, privacy and computational cost. We find that left multiplication based random projection methods are useless in data privacy protection. Even though there is no application-free solution in data privacy protection, the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) based method has an appealing privacy performance under the promise of a reasonable utility and computational cost. While the random projection method with a right multiplication of an orthogonal random matrix does well in support vector machine classification, its computational disadvantages may make it less attractive for an online analysis and processing application.
Robotic engineering - an integrated approach

By reading, you can know the knowledge and things more, not only about what you get from people to people. Book will be more trusted. As this robotic engineering an integrated approach, it will really give you the good idea to be successful. It is not only for you to be success in certain life you can be successful in everything. The success can be started by knowing the basic knowledge and do actions.
An authorization mechanism for a relational database system

A multiuser database system must selectively permit users to share data, while retaining the ability to restrict data access. There must be a mechanism to provide protection and security, permitting information to be accessed only by properly authorized users. Further, when tables or restricted views of tables are created and destroyed dynamically, the granting, authentication, and revocation of authorization to use them must also be dynamic. Each of these issues and their solutions in the context of the relational database management system System R are discussed. When a database user creates a table, he is fully and solely authorized to perform upon it actions such as read, insert, update, and delete. He may explicitly grant to any other user any or all of his privileges on the table. In addition he may specify that that user is authorized to further grant these privileges to still other users. The result is a directed graph of granted privileges originating from the table creator. At some later time a user A may revoke some or all of the privileges which he previously granted to another user B. This action usually revokes the entire subgraph of the grants originating from A's grant to B. It may be, however, that B will still possess the revoked privileges by means of a grant from another user C, and therefore some or all of B's grants should not be revoked. This problem is discussed in detail, and an algorithm for detecting exactly which of B's grants should be revoked is presented.
Social Identity and Cooperation in Social Dilemmas

This article presents a refined explanation of why minimal group identities affect cooperation in social dilemmas. The refined approach builds on key tenets of social identity theory to argue that identity affects cooperation by leadings actors to maximize ingroup outcomes and minimize ingroup inequalities. A key implication of the argument is that social identity is predicted to reduce actors' responses to the ‘greed component’ in social dilemmas (the incentive to ‘free-ride’ on others' cooperation), but that it will not affect actors' responses to the ‘fear component’ (the motivation to avoid being ‘suckered’). These predictions stand in contrast to those of two existing explanations of social identity and cooperation. The three arguments are tested against the results of two new experiments. Overall, the results support the refined approach.
Sex and Straight Young Men

Young men are considered to have power and to be powerful in many social settings and in particular within the realm of sexual relations. This article details research that directly asks young men how they perceive, interact with, and deploy power within intimate heterosexual relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 Canadian-based young men (aged 17-22 years) to explore how power was understood and enacted within their intimate heterosexual relationships. A social constructionist gendered analysis was used to inductively derive themes and situate the experiences of the participants within societal discourses of hegemonic masculinities and gender regimes. Power within relationships was most often described as operating equitably, with a few participants describing the deployment of power in coercive/controlling ways. Results reveal that the use of power by men can be understood as challenging or endorsing hegemonic masculinities and traditional heterosexual gender regimes. By including young men's voices in such discussions, our research contributes important understandings and some traction towards describing what might constitute more equitable gender and power relations.
Model-Based Spike Detection of Epileptic EEG Data

Accurate automatic spike detection is highly beneficial to clinical assessment of epileptic electroencephalogram (EEG) data. In this paper, a new two-stage approach is proposed for epileptic spike detection. First, the k-point nonlinear energy operator (k-NEO) is adopted to detect all possible spike candidates, then a newly proposed spike model with slow wave features is applied to these candidates for spike classification. Experimental results show that the proposed system, using the AdaBoost classifier, outperforms the conventional method in both two- and three-class EEG pattern classification problems. The proposed system not only achieves better accuracy for spike detection, but also provides new ability to differentiate between spikes and spikes with slow waves. Though spikes with slow waves occur frequently in epileptic EEGs, they are not used in conventional spike detection. Identifying spikes with slow waves allows the proposed system to have better capability for assisting clinical neurologists in routine EEG examinations and epileptic diagnosis.
Parametric and Analysis Study of the Melting in Slabs Heated by a Laminar Heat Transfer Fluid in Downward and Upward Flows

Abstract—The present work aims to investigate numerically the thermal and flow characteristics of a rectangular latent heat storage unit (LHSU) during the melting process of a phase change material (PCM). The LHSU consists of a number of vertical and identical plates of PCM separated by rectangular channels. The melting process is initiated when the LHSU is heated by a heat transfer fluid (HTF: water) flowing in channels in a downward or upward direction. The proposed study is motivated by the need to optimize the thermal performance of the LHSU by accelerating the charging process. A mathematical model is developed and a fixed-grid enthalpy formulation is adopted for modeling the melting process coupling with convection-conduction heat transfer. The finite volume method was used for discretization. The obtained numerical results are compared with experimental, analytical and numerical ones found in the literature and reasonable agreement is obtained. Thereafter, the numerical investigations were carried out to highlight the effects of the HTF flow direction and the aspect ratio of the PCM slabs on the heat transfer characteristics and thermal performance enhancement of the LHSU.
Drug use amongst Black and minority ethnic communities in the European Union and Norway

In several European Union countries, drug use amongst Black and minority ethnic communities is largely unacknowledged, ignored, unrecognized, or hidden by some policy-makers, drug researchers, drug service planners and commissioners, and by some members of some Black and minority ethnic communities themselves. This article presents evidence to support this statement and suggests ways forward to ensure that the knowledge base on drug use amongst these communities is increased, and drug services are accessible to all who need them. Examples of good practice in engaging members of Black and minority ethnic communities in research and with drug services are provided.
Processing deficits in children with phonological disorder and delay: a comparison of responses to a series of output tasks

This study investigated output phonological processing in children with phonological disorder and delay. The purpose was to determine whether different processing deficits underlie different patterns of spontaneous output. The study compared the responses of two groups of children to a series of output tasks which tapped different levels of output processing. These tasks included naming, and repetition of words, non-words and sentences. Two trials were administered. The phonologically delayed group made significantly fewer errors than the disordered group and showed a consistent error pattern across tasks. The phonologically disordered group fell into two groups when consistency of responses was considered: one subgroup made significantly fewer errors on repetition tasks than on naming, while the other subgroup were consistent across tasks. The implications for the level of impairment in the different groups are discussed in terms of Hewlett's model (1990) and the implications for therapeutic intervention.
Phosphorylated Nucleolin Interacts with Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein during Mitosis and with Oct4 during Interphase in ES Cells

Background Reprogramming of somatic cells for derivation of either embryonic stem (ES) cells, by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), or ES-like cells, by induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell procedure, provides potential routes toward non-immunogenic cell replacement therapies. Nucleolar proteins serve as markers for activation of embryonic genes, whose expression is crucial for successful reprogramming. Although Nucleolin (Ncl) is one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins, its interaction partners in ES cells have remained unidentified. Methodology Here we explored novel Ncl-interacting proteins using in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), colocalization and immunoprecipitation (IP) in ES cells. Principal Findings We found that phosphorylated Ncl (Ncl-P) interacted with translationally controlled tumor protein (Tpt1) in murine ES cells. The Ncl-P/Tpt1 complex peaked during mitosis and was reduced upon retinoic acid induced differentiation, signifying a role in cell proliferation. In addition, we showed that Ncl-P interacted with the transcription factor Oct4 during interphase in human as well as murine ES cells, indicating of a role in transcription. The Ncl-P/Oct4 complex peaked during early stages of spontaneous human ES cell differentiation and may thus be involved in the initial differentiation event(s) of mammalian development. Conclusions Here we described two novel protein-protein interactions in ES cells, which give us further insight into the complex network of interacting proteins in pluripotent cells.
Measurement and Analysis of Crime and Justice : An Introductory Essay

The turn of any century is traditionally seen as a milestone in human development. With the coming of the 21st century, the national media have reflected on the century past with lists of the most significant events and persons of the time. Political, social, and cultural events have welcomed the arrival of the new century—and the new millennium. The birth of a new century brings together celebrations of what the old century has accomplished with what we anxiously await in the new century.
Music combined with computer-assisted instruction helps children with autism label novel line-drawn symbols

This review provides a summary and appraisal commentary on the treatment review by Simpson, K. , & Keen, D. (2010). Teaching young children with autism graphic symbols embedded within an interactive song. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 22, 165–177. Source of funding and disclosure of interest: No source of funding reported, and the original authors of this research report no conflicts of interest.
Tackling the abstraction problem for reverse engineering in a system re-engineering approach

It is widely accepted that reverse engineering has three components: restructuring, comprehension and production of formal specification. In this paper, we advocate that the three components could be achieved in a systematic approach by successfully applying a series of sound rules. The key approach to comprehension and the production of formal specification is a notion of abstraction. Abstraction is often interpreted as the act of hiding irrelevant details. What constitute as relevant details is often left open to different interpretations. A unified approach for reverse engineering is described within which the notion of abstraction is classified and precisely defined. Abstraction rules are given and applied to various small examples.
Psychology As The Behaviorist Views It

Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its methods, nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness. The behaviorist, in his efforts to get a unitary scheme of animal response, recognizes no dividing line between man and brute. The behavior of man, with all of its refinement and complexity, forms only a part of the behaviorist's total scheme of investigation.
Browning in apples: Exploring the biochemical basis of an easily‐observable phenotype

Many fruits and vegetables undergo browning when they are cut and the tissue is exposed to the air. This is due to the activity of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO, EC 1.14.18.1) with endogenous substrates. In this laboratory experiment, students prepare slices of different varieties of apples and assess the rate of browning. They make a simple extract of the apple tissue and measure the activity of PPO using 3,4‐dihydroxy‐l‐phenylalanine (l‐DOPA) as substrate. They determine the protein concentration of the extract with the Bradford Coomassie Blue reagent and calculate the specific activity of PPO. Finally, the students measure the total concentration of the potential substrates for PPO with the Folin–Ciocalteau phenol reagent using a gallic acid standard curve. By comparing the tendency of the apples to turn brown, the specific activity of PPO, and the concentration of potential substrates, they can assess the biochemical basis of the browning phenotype. This experiment can be done as a series of weekly laboratory exercises, as an intensive 1‐week laboratory project, or as the basis of an extended student research investigation. © 2017 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(1):76–82, 2018.
Adolescents' Exposure to Sexually Explicit Online Material and Recreational Attitudes Toward Sex.

Previous research has largely ignored the implications of adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit online material for their sexual attitude formation. To study whether adolescents’ exposure to sexually explicit material on the Internet is related to recreational attitudes toward sex, we conducted an online survey among 471 Dutch adolescents aged 13–18. In line with an orientation 1 – stimulus – orientation 2 – response (O1-S-O2R) model, we found a pattern of multiple mediated relationships. Male adolescents (O1) used sexually explicit online material (S) more than female adolescents, which led to a greater perceived realism of such material (O2). Perceived realism (O2), in turn, mediated the relationship between exposure to sexually explicit online material (S) and recreational attitudes toward sex (R). Exposure to sexually explicit online material, then, is related to more recreational attitudes toward sex, but this relationship is influenced by adolescents’ gender and mediated by the extent to which they perceive online sexual material as realistic.
Measuring Student Engagement, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Climate Change in an Introductory Environmental Geology Course

ABSTRACT This research examines a semester-long introductory environmental geology course, which emphasized climate science using an Earth systems approach and employed a multipronged teaching strategy comprising lecture, movie viewing, class dialogues, and journaling. Evidence of student engagement during various pedagogical approaches (e.g., movie viewing, lecture, and class dialogues) was measured using skin sensors on a subset of student participants in order to gauge student engagement. Results indicated that students are more engaged during movie viewing and dialogue than during lecture, with measurable increases when climate solutions and local impacts were covered. Qualitative data including journal entries and transcripts from student dialogues were analyzed to determine patterns about student climate change perspectives and discourse for which students' self-reflections supported quantitative measures. Measurement of student pre– and post–climate change knowledge, confidence, and perceptions revealed that the combined pedagogical approach supported student learning gains about climate science.
New Strategies for Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Function in a Mouse Model of Long-Term Myocardial Infarction

Background The aim of this article is to present an optimized acquisition and analysis protocol for the echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricle (LV) remodeling in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI). Methodology 13 female DBA/2J mice underwent permanent occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery leading to MI. Mice echocardiography was performed using a Vevo 770 (Visualsonics, Canada) before infarction, and 7, 14, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after LAD ligation. LV systolic function was evaluated using different parameters, including the fractional area change (FAC%) computed in four high-temporal resolution B-mode short axis images taken at different ventricular levels, and in one parasternal long axis. Pulsed wave and tissue Doppler modes were used to evaluate the diastolic function and Tei Index for global cardiac function. The echocardiographic measurements of infarct size were validated histologically using collagen deposition labeled by Sirius red staining. All data was analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and Student's t-tests. Principal Findings Our results reveal LV dilation resulting in marked remodeling an severe systolic dysfunction, starting seven days after MI (LV internal apical diameter, basal = 2.82±0.24, 7d = 3.49±0.42; p<0.001. End-diastolic area, basal = 18.98±1.81, 7d = 22.04±2.11; p<0.001). A strong statistically significant negative correlation exists between the infarct size and long-axis FAC% (r = −0.946; R2 = 0.90; p<0.05). Moreover, the measured Tei Index values confirmed significant post-infarction impairment of the global cardiac function (basal = 0.46±0.07, 7d = 0.55±0.08, 14 d = 0.57±0.06, 30 d = 0.54±0.06, 60 d = 0.54±0.07, 90 d = 0.57±0.08; p<0.01). Conclusions/Significance In summary, we have performed a complete characterization of LV post-infarction remodeling in a DBA/2J mouse model of MI, using parameters adapted to the particular characteristics of the model In the future, this well characterized model will be used in both investigative and pharmacological studies that require accurate quantitative monitoring of cardiac recovery after myocardial infarction.
PRELIMINARY GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE SUGARCANE POPULATION AA40

Materials and methods The AA40 population has shown good segregation for DNA Extraction various ecoiomically important characteristics. -AS such, SASEX is accumulating both molecular and phenotypic data DNA was extracted from N18 and CP571614 and the 150 on this cross in an attempt to generate a genomic map and progeny of AA40 using a methodology modified from discover DNA markers linked to measurable Del'aporta et ('983). Leaf tissue (3-6 g) was frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground to a fine powder before being DNA from a of AA40 Progeny and transferred to a sterile 50 m] tube containing 35 m] of the two putative parents were cut with two restriction extraction buffer mM Tris-HC1 (pH 8,jj , 500 m~ the purified and blotted On memNaCI, 50 mM EDTA (pH 8,O) and 1% (v/v) P-rnercaptobranes. These were then probed with two sugarcane genomic ethanol). Tubes were shaken vigorously, after which 3,5 ml DNA sequences which had been radioactively labeled. of 20 % (wlv) SDS was added. Sam~le s were incubated at From the large number of shared bands on these RFLP blots, it is evident that the AA40 progeny arose from a single crossing event. At the same time, there are sufficient polymorphisms between the individuals to make the cross suitable for molecular mapping. RFLP results also showed that there were bands present in the progeny which were not present in either of the two parents, NI8 or CP571614. On closer examination it became clear that the male parent of the cross had been misidentified. Experiments are currently under way in an attempt to identify this parent.