Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Positive predictive values of ≥5% in primary care for cancer: systematic review.

BACKGROUND The positive predictive value (PPV) for cancer of symptoms, signs, and non-diagnostic test results of patients routinely consulting a GP (unselected primary care populations) can help to determine when malignancy should be excluded. Comparisons with other illness indicate that a value of 5% or more may be regarded as highly predictive. AIM To identify symptoms, signs, and non-diagnostic test results in unselected primary care populations that are highly predictive of cancer. DESIGN OF STUDY Systematic review. SETTING Primary care. METHOD Fourteen bibliographic databases were searched, using terms for primary care, cancer, and predictive values. Reference lists of relevant papers were hand-searched. Data were extracted and the quality of each paper was assessed using predefined criteria, and checked by a second reviewer. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were identified. PPVs of 5% or more in specific age and sex groups were reported for: rectal bleeding, change in bowel habit, and iron deficiency anaemia and colorectal cancer; haematuria and urological cancer; malignant rectal examination and prostate cancer; haemoptysis and lung cancer; dysphagia and oesophageal cancer; breast lump and breast cancer; and postmenopausal bleeding and gynaecological cancer. CONCLUSION Robust evidence was found for eight symptoms, signs, and non-diagnostic test results as strongly indicative of cancer for specific age and sex groups in unselected primary care populations. These have the potential to improve the early diagnosis of some cancers in primary care by the use of computer warning flags, improved guidelines, audit, and appraisal.
Viewing morphology as an inference process

Morphology is the area of linguistics concerned with the internal structure of words. Information Retrieval has generally not paid much attention to word structure, other than to account for some of the variability in word forms via the use of stemmers. This paper will describe our experiments to determine the importance of morphology, and the effect that it has on performance. We will also describe the role of morphological analysis in word sense disambiguation, and in identifying lexical semantic relationships in a machine-readable dictionary. We will first provide a brief overview of morphological phenomena, and then describe the experiments themselves.
Identification of Arabidopsis Meiotic Cyclins Reveals Functional Diversification among Plant Cyclin Genes

Meiosis is a modified cell division in which a single S-phase is followed by two rounds of chromosome segregation resulting in the production of haploid gametes. The meiotic mode of chromosome segregation requires extensive remodeling of the basic cell cycle machinery and employment of unique regulatory mechanisms. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins represent an ancient molecular module that drives and regulates cell cycle progression. The cyclin gene family has undergone a massive expansion in angiosperm plants, but only a few cyclins were thoroughly characterized. In this study we performed a systematic immunolocalization screen to identify Arabidopsis thaliana A- and B-type cyclins expressed in meiosis. Many of these cyclins exhibit cell-type-specific expression in vegetative tissues and distinct subcellular localization. We found six A-type cyclins and a single B-type cyclin (CYCB3;1) to be expressed in male meiosis. Mutant analysis revealed that these cyclins contribute to distinct meiosis-related processes. While A2 cyclins are important for chromosome segregation, CYCB3;1 prevents ectopic cell wall formation. We further show that cyclin SDS does not contain a D-box and is constitutively expressed throughout meiosis. Analysis of plants carrying cyclin SDS with an introduced D-box motif determined that, in addition to its function in recombination, SDS acts together with CYCB3;1 in suppressing unscheduled cell wall synthesis. Our phenotypic and expression data provide extensive evidence that multiplication of cyclins is in plants accompanied by functional diversification.
Sum and difference beamforming for angle-doppler estimation with STAP-based radars

The angle and Doppler estimation performance of the traditional space-time adaptive processing (STAP) method usually degrades in terms of estimation accuracy, especially for slowly moving targets. In this paper, a novel sum and difference beamforming approach with STAP-based radar is proposed, where multiple constraints, including the magnitude and phase constraints, derivative constraints, and zero-point constraints, are incorporated. Since the derivative constraints are independent of the array geometry, the proposed sum and difference beamforming method is applicable for both symmetric and asymmetric arrays. Also, the coupling relationship between angle and Doppler estimates is resolved by properly modifying the zero-point constraints. Moreover, the proposed method is robust against the coherent jamming contamination. Numerical examples indicate that the proposed method offers a significant performance improvement in angle and Doppler parameters estimation.
Traffic speed prediction using big data enabled deep learning

The objective of the proposed study is to predict traffic speeds at a route level so that the traffic management has a chance to operate proactively. A distributed file system and parallel computing platform is used to store the big data sets of statewide traffic and weather data in a fault-tolerant way and process the big data in a timely manner. Traffic speed prediction problem is studied at two levels, and two deep networks are proposed accordingly: a fully convolutional deep network for long-term speed prediction and a hybrid long short-term memory (LSTM) network for short-term speed prediction. The fully convolutional deep network utilizes both weather information and historical traffic speeds to make long-term traffic speed predictions, and a trained model can be transferred to predict traffic speed at any spatial-temporal scale. The hybrid LSTM network utilizes the previous traffic speeds on the current day as well as historical traffic speeds to make short-term speed predictions, and a trained model can be used to predict speeds at any timestamps ahead in a streaming fashion. The proposed long-term and short-term traffic speed prediction models can be combined as a multilayer decision supporting system to provide traffic management an opportunity to operate proactively.
An Investigation of Anomaly-based Ensemble Models for Multi-Domain Intrusion Detection

of Praxis . v List of Figures . ix List of Tables . x List of Symbols . xii List of Acronyms . xiv Chapter 1 Introduction . 1 1.1 Background . 1 1.2 Research Motivation . 2 1.3 Problem Statement . 5 1.4 Thesis Statement . 6 1.5 Research Objectives . 6 1.6 Research Question and Hypotheses . 7 1.7 Research Limitations . 7 1.8 Organization of Praxis . 8 Chapter 2 Literature Review . 9 2.1 Traditional Intrusion Detection . 9 2.2 802.11 Attacks . 12
The Effect of Calcium on Photosynthetic Rate due to ABA and Proline Behaviour of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedlings under Drought Conditions

Planting drought-resistance plants in terms of agronomy, such as induction of plant tolerance using calcium is assumed to be able to solve the climate anomaly problem. Calcium is known as an element that plays an essential role in determining the response of plant resistance to drought through biochemical activity. This study aimed to determine the role of calcium in changing photosynthesis activity in order to increase the resistance to drought stress. The treatment was arranged in factorial of 3 x 4 in a split plot Randomized Complete Block Design replicated three times. The first factor was the dose of calcium application consisted of 0 (control/without calcium), 0.04, 0.08 and 0.12 g. The second factor was the intensity of drought stress, which referred to the Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water method consisted of 1 (control/field capacity), 0.35 (moderate drought) and 0.15 (severe drought). The measurement data of stomatal aperture, Abscisic Acid (ABA) content, chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, proline content, nitrate reductase activity and photosynthesis rate that fulfill the assumption of homogeneity and normality were analyzed using variance at 95% accuracy and continued using DMRT. Moreover, regression analysis were determined of relationship between the treatment and parameters. The results revealed that drought resulted in a decline in leaf water potential and stomatal aperture. The effects of calcium on chlorophyll and carotenoid under drought stress could not be explained in this study. However, the application of calcium has a significant effect on decreased ABA, increased proline and nitrate reductase activity resulting in an increase in the photosynthetic rate of oil palm seeds in drought stress.
The coronary-care unit. An appraisal of its psychologic hazards.

THE frequency of psychiatric difficulties in intensive-care units ranges from 30 to 70 per cent. Confinement in these units is described as an "ordeal,"1 and the patient's expected psychologic response is presented as one of "catastrophic reaction. "2 Although the study from which this last term developed was conducted on postcardiotomy patients in the setting of the recovery room, there has been a growing tendency to apply it to all situations of intensive care. This is an unfortunate application because intensive-care settings differ remarkably as do the emotional responses of the patients they house. The question of whether patients in coronary-care .
Recombinant Human Single Chain Fv Antibodies Recognizing Human Interleukin-6

A human antibody library was displayed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage and screened for binding to human interleukin-6 (IL-6). Two antibody-bearing phages were selected that bound IL-6. The complementary-determining region 3 loops of the variable heavy chains of these two antibodies differed in length and sequence and recognized two distinct epitopes. One of the single chain Fv fragments isolated (H1) was found to bind human (but not murine) IL-6 with an affinity comparable to that of the human IL-6 receptor. H1 also recognized newly synthesized human IL-6 intracellularly, as shown by indirect immunofluorescence. H1 did not neutralize human IL-6, and the H1 epitope was mapped to a region of IL-6 not involved in interactions with IL-6, IL-6 receptor, or the signal-transducing protein gp130. To target IL-6-secreting cells, we then constructed a bispecific antibody fragment (a diabody) comprising H1 and the antigen binding site of the T-cell activating monoclonal antibody OKT3. The diabody led to T-cell-mediated killing of cells secreting IL-6.
Prevalence of refractive errors in teenage high school students in Singapore

We aimed to study the prevalence of refractive conditions in Singapore teenagers. Grade 9 and 10 students (n = 946) aged 15–19 years from two secondary schools in Singapore were recruited. The refractive errors of the students’ eyes were measured using non‐cycloplegic autorefraction. Sociodemographic data and information on risk factors for myopia (such as reading and writing) were also obtained using an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The prevalence of refractive conditions was found to be: myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) at least −0.50 D] – 73.9%, hyperopia (SE at least +0.50 D) – 1.5%, astigmatism (cylinder at least −0.50 D) – 58.7% and anisometropia (SE difference at least 1.00 D) – 11.2%. After adjusting for age and gender, currently doing more than 20.5 h of reading and writing a week was found to be positively associated with myopia [odds ratio 1.12 (95% CI 1.04–1.20, p = 0.003)], as was reading and writing at a close distance and a better educational stream. The prevalence of myopia (73.9%) in Singapore teenagers is high. Current reading and writing habits, reading at close distances and a better educational stream are possible risk factors for myopia.
An Empirical Study of Employee Job Involvement and Personality Traits: The Case of Taiwan

This study undertakes an integrated review of previous literature and theories regarding the Big Five personality traits and job involvement in an attempt to identify their relationship. Using questionnaire data gathered from 272 Taiwanese plastics industry employees, the study tests five hypotheses using structural equations. Empirical findings show that neuroticism relates negatively to employee job involvement, whereas extroversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness relate positively to it. These results may serve as a reference point for management and operations, particularly in plastics industry organizations.
upSET, the Drosophila homologue of SET3, Is Required for Viability and the Proper Balance of Active and Repressive Chromatin Marks

Chromatin plays a critical role in faithful implementation of gene expression programs. Different post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone proteins reflect the underlying state of gene activity, and many chromatin proteins write, erase, bind, or are repelled by, these histone marks. One such protein is UpSET, the Drosophila homolog of yeast Set3 and mammalian KMT2E (MLL5). Here, we show that UpSET is necessary for the proper balance between active and repressed states. Using CRISPR/Cas-9 editing, we generated S2 cells that are mutant for upSET. We found that loss of UpSET is tolerated in S2 cells, but that heterochromatin is misregulated, as evidenced by a strong decrease in H3K9me2 levels assessed by bulk histone PTM quantification. To test whether this finding was consistent in the whole organism, we deleted the upSET coding sequence using CRISPR/Cas-9, which we found to be lethal in both sexes in flies. We were able to rescue this lethality using a tagged upSET transgene, and found that UpSET protein localizes to transcriptional start sites (TSS) of active genes throughout the genome. Misregulated heterochromatin is apparent by suppressed position effect variegation of the wm4 allele in heterozygous upSET-deleted flies. Using nascent-RNA sequencing in the upSET-mutant S2 lines, we show that this result applies to heterochromatin genes generally. Our findings support a critical role for UpSET in maintaining heterochromatin, perhaps by delimiting the active chromatin environment.
Translating formative research findings into a behaviour change strategy to promote antenatal calcium and iron and folic acid supplementation in western Kenya

The World Health Organization now recommends integrating calcium supplements into antenatal micronutrient supplementation programmes to prevent pre-eclampsia, a leading cause of maternal mortality. As countries consider integrating calcium supplementation into antenatal care (ANC), it is important to identify context-specific barriers and facilitators to delivery and adherence. Such insights can be gained from women's and health workers' experiences with iron and folic acid (IFA) supplements. We conducted in-depth interviews with 22 pregnant and post-partum women and 20 community-based and facility-based health workers in Kenya to inform a calcium and IFA supplementation programme. Interviews assessed awareness of anaemia, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia; ANC attendance; and barriers and facilitators to IFA supplement delivery and adherence. We analyzed interviews inductively using the constant comparative method. Women and health workers identified poor diet quality in pregnancy as a major health concern. Neither women nor health workers identified pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, anaemia or related symptoms as serious health threats. Women and community-based health workers were unfamiliar with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia and considered anaemia symptoms normal. Most women had not received IFA supplements, and those who had received insufficient amounts and little information about supplement benefits. We then developed a multi-level (health facility, community, household and individual) behaviour change strategy to promote antenatal calcium and IFA supplementation. Formative research is an essential first step in guiding implementation of antenatal calcium supplementation programmes to reduce pre-eclampsia. Because evidence on how to implement successful calcium supplementation programmes is limited, experiences with antenatal IFA supplementation can be used to guide programme development.
Robot Interceptor an Experimental 2D Approach

In this work a methodology to intercept multiple free falling objects is presented. The principal contribution of this article is generated the tracking trajectory for a 3DOF robot to intercept and capture two moving objects. The kinematic information of the objects is obtained with a position-velocity sensor. The performance of this approach is validated with simulations and with experimental results using a 3 DOF robot (2D position and orientation). The robot is controlled using PID with velocity and acceleration feedforward, including a term of velocity feedback. The experimental results show the high performance of the approach.
Supporting systolic and memory communication in iWarp

The iWarp communication system supports two widely used interprocessor communication styles: memory communication and systolic communication. A description is given of the rationale, architecture, and implementation for the iWarp communication system. Memory communication is flexible and well suited for general computing, whereas systolic communication is efficient and well suited for speed-critical applications. The iWarp design is made possible by two important innovations in communication: (1) program access to communication and (2) logical channels. The former allows programs to access data as they are transmitted and to redirect portions of messages to different destinations efficiently. The latter increases the connectivity between the processors and guarantees communication bandwidth for classes of messages. These innovations have provided a focus for the iWarp architecture. The result is a communication system that provides a total bandwidth of 320 MBytes/sec and that is integrated on a single VLSI component with a 20 MFLOPS plus 20 MIPS long instruction work computation engine. <<ETX>>
Doubling or quadrupling MuGFET fin integration scheme with higher pattern fidelity, lower CD variation and higher layout efficiency

Multiple gate field effect transistors (MuGFET) with a fin pitch down to 50nm obtained with 193nm optical lithography and proposed fin quadrupling patterning method are demonstrated. The fins patterned with this technique feature improved CD control and line width roughness. High fin density in combination with Si-SEG that allows merging individual fins outside the spacer region lead to reduction in parasitic source/drain-resistance and 3-fold increase in drive current per surface unit
Pathology of Cutaneous Fowlpox with Amyloidosis in Layer Hens Inoculated with Fowlpox Vaccine

Abstract Cutaneous fowlpox occurring in vaccinated layer hens was investigated pathologically and microbiologically. Anorexia, decrease of egg production, increased mortality, yellow scabs on faces, and alopecia of feathered skins with yellow scabs were observed in affected hens. Histologically, proliferative and necrotic dermatitis with eosinophilic ring-shaped cytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies) and clumps of gram-positive cocci (Staphylococcus hyicus) were noted in the affected birds. Fowlpox lesions were primarily observed in the feathered skins. Proliferation of feather follicle epidermal cells, with cytoplasmic inclusions and degeneration of the feather, and bacterial clumps in the feather follicles were noted in the affected skins. Ultrastructurally, characteristic fowlpox viral particles were observed in the cytoplasmic inclusions of hyperplastic epidermal cells. Amyloid deposition was observed in the Disse space of the liver, splenic sinus, and lamina propria of the bronchiolar, bronchial, and tracheal areas. Amyloidosis could be one factor inducing the fowlpox infection in vaccinated chickens.
Prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and its association with arterial and venous thrombosis in the Chinese population

Moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia (MHH) is associated with arterial and venous thrombosis. A main genetic defect related to MHH is a C to T substitution at nucleotide 677 of the 5,10‐methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene. A prothrombin 20210A mutation was recently identified as a risk factor for arterial and venous thrombosis. However, studies on the prevalence of mutant MTHFR C677T and prothrombin G20210A and their association with thrombosis were controversial and seldom reported in the Chinese population. We investigated the prevalence of MTHFR C677T and prothrombin G20210A genotypes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction enzyme digestion in 420 Chinese subjects: 53 with deep venous thrombosis (DVT); 145 with cerebrovascular disease [115 cerebral infarction, 30 cerebral haemorrhage (CH)]; 100 with coronary artery disease (CAD); and 122 control subjects. The prevalence of the mutated MTHFR 677TT genotype and the 677T allele in normal controls was 12·3% and 30·7% respectively, similar to that in Caucasians and Japanese. The mutant 677T homozygotes and alleles were more frequent in patients with DVT than in controls (18·9% vs. 12·3%, 0·01 < P < 0·025; 48·1% vs. 30·7%, P < 0·005). The relative risk of DVT among the carriers of 677TT and 677T were significantly increased [odds ratios: 3·4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·3–9·5, and 3·6, 95% CI 1·7–7·7, respectively). The mutant MTHFR heterozygous 677C/T carriers were increased in patients with cerebral infarction compared with controls (53·9% vs. 36·9%, 0·01 < P < 0·025). Relative risk of cerebral infarction was 0·96 (95% CI 0·4–2·3) for 677TT homozygotes and 1·99 (95% CI 1·2–3·4) for 677C/T heterozygotes. However, the distribution of the MTHFR TT genotype was less frequent in patients with CAD with coronary artery stenosis of > 50% than in controls (2·8% vs. 12·3%, 0·025 < P < 0·05). Relative risk of CAD was not increased among the carriers of 677TT and 677T (odds ratios: 0·2, 95% CI 0–1·1, and 0·97, 95% CI 0·5–1·8, respectively). There were no differences in the distribution of the MTHFR genotypes among CH, CAD with coronary artery stenosis of < 50% and controls. The prothrombin 20210A mutation was not found in any patients or controls. These results demonstrated that MTHFR 677T was associated with DVT and cerebral infarction but was less associated with CAD in the Chinese population.
The Rigidity of Spherical Frameworks: Swapping Blocks and Holes

A significant range of geometric structures whose rigidity has been explored, for both practical and theoretical purposes, are formed by modifying generically isostatic triangulated spheres. In block and hole structures $(\mathcal{P},\boldsymbol{p})$, some edges are removed (to make holes) and others are added (to create rigid subparts called blocks). Previous work noted a combinatorial analogy, in which blocks and holes played equivalent roles—so that they might be interchanged. In this paper, we geometrically connect stresses in such structures $(\mathcal{P},\boldsymbol{p})$ to first-order motions in a swapped structure $(\overline{\mathcal{P}},\boldsymbol{p})$—where holes become blocks and blocks become holes. When the initial structure is geometrically isostatic, this shows that the swapped structure is also geometrically isostatic, giving the strongest possible correspondence. We use an affine presentation of the statics and the motions to make the key underlying correspondences transparent.