Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Mechanical Thrombectomy on the Organization of the Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background: Several trials and meta-analyses have recently demonstrated the superiority of endovascular therapy over standard medical treatment in patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. In order to offer the best possible treatment to a maximum number of patients, many stroke care networks probably have to be reorganized. After analyzing the reliability of data in the literature, an algorithm is suggested for a pre-hospital and in-hospital alert system to improve the timeliness of subsequent treatment: a drip-and-ship approach. Summary: Five recent well-designed randomized studies have demonstrated the benefit of endovascular therapy associated with intravenous fibrinolysis by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) for acute ischemic stroke with confirmation by recent meta-analyses. The keys for success are a very short time to reperfusion, within 6 h, a moderate to severe pre-treatment deficit (National Institute of Health around 17), cerebral imaging able to identify proximal large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation, a limited infarct core and a reversible penumbra, the use of the most recent devices (stent retriever) and a procedure that avoids general anesthesia, which reduces blood pressure. To meet these goals, every country must build a national stroke infrastructure plan to offer the best possible treatment to all patients eligible for intravenous fibrinolysis and endovascular therapy. The plan may include the following actions: inform the population about the first symptoms of stroke, provide the call number to improve the timeliness of treatment, increase the number of comprehensive stroke centers, link these to secondary and primary stroke centers by telemedicine, teach and train paramedics, emergency doctors and radiologists to identify the stroke infarct, proximal large vessel occlusion and the infarct core quickly, train a new generation of endovascular radiologists to improve access to this therapy. Key Message: After 20 years of rt-PA, this new evidence-based therapy is a revolution in stroke medicine that will benefit patients. However, a new robust and multi-disciplinary care strategy is necessary to transfer the scientific data into clinical practice. It will require reorganization of the stroke infrastructure, which will include comprehensive stroke centers and secondary and primary stroke centers. The winners will be patients with severe stroke.
Actor Sensitive eValuation – Who Benefits from IS ?

The purpose of this paper is to describe an analytical tool that can be used for evaluating the value of IT by acknowledging the socio-political process of computerization. In order to validate the tool the paper exemplifies how the evaluation tool has been used in one case study. For pedagogical reasons, the analysis is limited to one actor group – the politicians. The analysis showed that the politicians mainly attributed future and current information system with public, managerial, and professional values.
Infinite and Finite Games: Play and Visual Culture

In this article, I shall argue for the value of conceptualizing, and practicing art education as a kind of play or game, drawing inspiration from the concepts of finite and infinite games1 articulated by philosopher James Carse (1986). In so doing, I seek to encourage a continuing dialogue with the assumptions that constrain the theoretical basis and practice of contemporary art education and to articulate what is at stake in a proposed transition from an art education focused mainly on traditional fine arts and crafts to a visual or material culture education that would examine the icons, meanings, and forms present throughout our cultural space and social experience.
Anomaly detection in video using two-part sparse dictionary in 170 FPS

Automatic supervision of crowd behavior with the aim of detecting abnormal movements has become important in the field of public places' security and protection. Crowd congestion is not fixed in public places, thus we need an algorithm that can perform powerfully in high and low crowd congestions. Generally, there are two different methods for analyzing crowd behavior: the method which is based on tracking moving objects in which every person or moving object is traced separately in the scene, and holistic method which investigates the crowd as a whole. In this paper, our goal is to identify the abnormal behaviors in public places through applying holistic methods (only pedestrians are presents in these places). Crowd behavior is modeled as a collection of basis; identifying and locating the abnormal behaviors are done by Sparse Coding. In real videos, the frames are perspective, and in this research we propose a solution to this problem based on the dataset we use; naming two-part sparse dictionary. General training features are saved in a two-part dictionary, and test movements are analyzed through rebuilding the extracted features from the test video based on the available dictionary which is formed in an unsupervised way using sparse combinations. High errors on this stage show the lack of suitable rebuilding of the test video based on available behaviors in the dictionary, so the algorithm detects and locates abnormal behaviors. Proposed algorithm is performed on UCSD datasets, ROC curve is calculated and EER values are 0.29 and 0.35 respectively. The results show the ability of the proposed algorithm for real time detection of abnormal behaviors.
Informed Truthfulness in Multi-Task Peer Prediction

The problem of peer prediction is to elicit information from agents in settings without any objective ground truth against which to score reports. Peer prediction mechanisms seek to exploit correlations between signals to align incentives with truthful reports. A long-standing concern has been the possibility of uninformative equilibria. For binary signals, a multi-task mechanism achieves strong truthfulness, so that the truthful equilibrium strictly maximizes payoff. We characterize conditions on the signal distribution for which this mechanism remains strongly-truthful with non-binary signals, also providing a greatly simplified proof. We introduce the Correlated Agreement (CA) mechanism, which handles multiple signals and provides informed truthfulness: no strategy profile provides more payoff in equilibrium than truthful reporting, and the truthful equilibrium is strictly better than any uninformed strategy (where an agent avoids the effort of obtaining a signal). The CA mechanism is maximally strongly truthful, in that no mechanism in a broad class of mechanisms is strongly truthful on a larger family of signal distributions. We also give a detail-free version of the mechanism that removes any knowledge requirements on the part of the designer, using reports on many tasks to learn statistics while retaining epsilon-informed truthfulness.
Adaptive MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks in periodic data collection applications

In this paper, we propose a new medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless sensor networks for environmental monitoring applications. The proposed MAC scheme is specifically designed for wireless sensor networks which have periodic traffic with different sampling rates. In our protocol design, only sink can start and maintain synchronization and also determine the time schedule for all other nodes in the network. We discuss the design of TA-PDC-MAC protocol and provide a comparison with the previous PDC-MAC protocol through simulation. Under different traffic generation rate, our protocol outperforms the previous one in terms of energy consumption, packet loss rate and packet delay.
Respiratory syncytial virus infections in the pediatric intensive care unit: Clinical characteristics and risk factors for adverse outcomes

Objectives To describe the clinical characteristics of infants admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, including the prevalence of indications for RSV passive antibody prophylaxis (as currently recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics), and to identify risk factors that predict adverse outcomes among this population. Design Retrospective medical record review. Setting Tertiary care PICU. Patients Children <2 yrs of age admitted to PICU for the management of RSV disease during the 1994–95, 1995–96, and 1996–97 RSV seasons. Measurements and Main Results The medical records of 89 infants were reviewed. Of these, 55% were born before 36-wks gestation, 14% had chronic lung disease that required medical therapy within the previous 6 months, and 30% met at least one indication for RSV passive antibody prophylaxis. Seven infants had congenital heart disease, five had upper airway abnormalities, and six had various noncardiac congenital malformations. Logistic regression was used to determine which characteristics were associated with prolonged durations (>75th percentile) of mechanical ventilation, PICU stay, and hospital stay. Prolonged mechanical ventilation was associated with congenital heart disease (p = 0.014), chronic lung disease (p = 0.007), and noncardiac congenital malformations (p = 0.022). Only congenital heart disease was associated with prolonged PICU stay (p = 0.004) or prolonged hospital stay (p = 0.006). All of the infants with airway abnormalities had prolonged ventilator days, PICU days, and hospital days. Currently recommended indications for RSV passive antibody prophylaxis were not predictive of prolonged ventilation, PICU stay, or hospital stay. Conclusions A minority of infants admitted to our PICU for severe RSV disease meet currently recommended indications for RSV passive antibody prophylaxis. Risk factors that predict prolonged durations of ventilation, PICU stay, or hospital stay among this population include congenital heart disease, chronic lung disease, upper airway abnormalities, and noncardiac congenital malformations.
Evaluation of Phase-Amplitude Coupling in Resting State Magnetoencephalographic Signals: Effect of Surrogates and Evaluation Approach

Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) plays an important role in neural communication and computation. Interestingly, recent studies have indicated the presence of ubiquitous PAC phenomenon even during the resting state. Despite the importance of PAC phenomenon, estimation of significant physiological PAC is challenging because of the lack of appropriate surrogate measures to control false positives caused by non-physiological PAC. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated PAC phenomenon during resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) signal and considered various surrogate measures and computational approaches widely used in the literature in addition to proposing new ones. We evaluated PAC phenomenon over the entire length of the MEG signal and for multiple shorter time segments. The results indicate that the extent of PAC phenomenon mainly depends on the surrogate measures and PAC computational methods used, as well as the evaluation approach. After a careful and critical evaluation, we found that resting-state MEG signals failed to exhibit ubiquitous PAC phenomenon, contrary to what has been suggested previously.
Immunocytochemical localization of estradiol and progesterone receptors in the monkey ovary throughout the menstrual cycle.

Both estradiol and progesterone may act locally to modulate ovarian function in various species. This study examined the distribution of estradiol and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively) within the primate ovary throughout the menstrual cycle. Ovaries were collected from rhesus or cynomolgus monkeys during the early, mid-, and late (n = 3-6/stage) follicular and luteal phases of the cycle. The tissues were processed for indirect immunocytochemical localization of receptors with specific monoclonal antibodies against ER (H222 and D75) and PR (JZB39). Specific immunocytochemical staining, as determined by comparing adjacent tissue sections incubated with either receptor antibodies or a nonspecific antibody, was exclusively nuclear. Both ER and PR were localized in the germinal epithelium of ovaries at all stages of the cycle. ER was not detected in any other ovarian structure (i.e. stroma, follicles, interstitial tissue, or corpora lutea) regardless of the stage of development. However, ER was detected in other estrogen-responsive tissues, e.g. the oviduct of the monkey and corpora lutea of the pseudopregnant rabbit. In the monkey ovary, PR was detected in stromal and interstitial tissues as well as theca interna and externa of healthy and atretic follicles at all stages of the cycle. The granulosa cells of some primordial and primary follicles demonstrated staining for PR. However, the granulosa layer of follicles that developed beyond the primary stage were consistently negative for PR. Only the granulosa layer of large preovulatory follicles that showed signs of luteinization after the LH surge showed staining for PR equivalent to that in the theca. Monkey corpora lutea exhibited specific nuclear staining for PR. Moreover, the percentage of receptor-positive nuclei in the corpus luteum varied (P less than 0.05) between the early (28 +/- 3%), mid (48 +/- 1%)-, and late (4 +/- 2%) luteal phase of the cycle. Nonfunctional (serum progesterone less than 0.5 ng/ml) regressing corpora lutea did not exhibit for staining for PR. Luteal cells that were PR positive also contained histochemically detectable 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. These data are consistent with the concept of a receptor-mediated autocrine or paracrine role for progestins, but not estrogens in the gametogenic and endocrine functions of the primate ovary throughout the menstrual cycle.
Speech enhancement using a wiener denoising technique and musical noise reduction

Speech enhancement methods using spectral subtraction have the drawback of generating an annoying residual noise with musical character. In this paper a frequency domain optimal linear estimator with perceptual post filtering is proposed which incorporates the masking properties of the human auditory system to make the residual noise distortion inaudible. The performance of the proposed enhancement algorithm is evaluated by the Segmental SNR, Log Spectral Distance (LSD) and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) measures under various noisy environments and yields better results compared to the Wiener denoising technique
Node Availability-Based Congestion Control Model Using Fuzzy Logic for Computational Grid

This paper deals with congestion control in which GRID network community has been interested. In order to solve problems of existing congestion control models like FOBS, this paper proposes the node availability-based congestion control model. The model monitors not only storage availability but also network availability of grid nodes to detect and control congestion. As using the fuzzy adaptive packet allocation mechanism, the model estimates congestion level of grid nodes and adjusts their packet transmission rate for stable and reliable data transfer in computational grid. Experiment results demonstrate that our model outperforms FOBS which is a typical congestion control model with the improved QoS.
SAT-based abstraction refinement for programmable logic controllers

This paper studies the application of counterexample-guided abstraction refinement to programs written in Instruction List as part of a model checking framework. More importantly, it presents an approach for automatic abstraction refinement based on SAT solving. This technique is based on an encoding of the semantics of Instruction List in propositional Boolean logic. Since elegant ideas and careful engineering have advanced SAT solvers to the state they can rapidly decide satisfiability of structured problems that involve thousands of variables, this approach scales well in practice. The true force of this method, however, is that a single description of the semantics of a program can be used to perform abstraction refinement in a number of abstract domains, including but not limited to intervals and bit sets, thereby decoupling the refinement from the chosen abstraction.
The Semantics of Graph Programs

GP (for Graph Programs) is a rule-based, nondeterministic programming language for solving graph problems at a high level of abstraction, freeing programmers from handling low-level data structures. The core of GP consists of four constructs: single-step application of a set of conditional graph-transformation rules, sequential composition, branching and iteration. We present a formal semantics for GP in the style of structural operational semantics. A special feature of our semantics is the use of finitely failing programs to define GP's powerful branching and iteration commands.
Characterization of the Two Coactivator-interacting Surfaces of the Androgen Receptor and Their Relative Role in Transcriptional Control*

The androgen receptor interacts with the p160 coactivators via two surfaces, one in the ligand binding domain and one in the amino-terminal domain. The ligand binding domain interacts with the nuclear receptor signature motifs, whereas the amino-terminal domain has a high affinity for a specific glutamine-rich region in the p160s. We here describe the implication of two conserved motifs in the latter interaction. The amino-terminal domain of the androgen receptor is a very strong activation domain constituent of Tau5, which is mainly active in the absence of the ligand binding domain, and Tau1, which is only active in the presence of the ligand binding domain. Both domains are, however, implicated in the recruitment of the p160s. Mutation analysis of the p160s has shown that the relative contribution of the two recruitment mechanisms via the signature motifs or via the glutamine-rich region depend on the nature of the enhancers tested. We propose, therefore, that the androgen receptor-coactivator complex has several alternative conformations, depending partially on the context of the enhancer.
Interactive Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation Reinstates Natural 1/f Timing in Gait of Parkinson's Patients

Parkinson's disease (PD) and basal ganglia dysfunction impair movement timing, which leads to gait instability and falls. Parkinsonian gait consists of random, disconnected stride times—rather than the 1/f structure observed in healthy gait—and this randomness of stride times (low fractal scaling) predicts falling. Walking with fixed-tempo Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) can improve many aspects of gait timing; however, it lowers fractal scaling (away from healthy 1/f structure) and requires attention. Here we show that interactive rhythmic auditory stimulation reestablishes healthy gait dynamics in PD patients. In the experiment, PD patients and healthy participants walked with a) no auditory stimulation, b) fixed-tempo RAS, and c) interactive rhythmic auditory stimulation. The interactive system used foot sensors and nonlinear oscillators to track and mutually entrain with the human's step timing. Patients consistently synchronized with the interactive system, their fractal scaling returned to levels of healthy participants, and their gait felt more stable to them. Patients and healthy participants rarely synchronized with fixed-tempo RAS, and when they did synchronize their fractal scaling declined from healthy 1/f levels. Five minutes after removing the interactive rhythmic stimulation, the PD patients' gait retained high fractal scaling, suggesting that the interaction stabilized the internal rhythm generating system and reintegrated timing networks. The experiment demonstrates that complex interaction is important in the (re)emergence of 1/f structure in human behavior and that interactive rhythmic auditory stimulation is a promising therapeutic tool for improving gait of PD patients.
Contactin-Associated Protein (Caspr) and Contactin Form a Complex That Is Targeted to the Paranodal Junctions during Myelination

Specialized paranodal junctions form between the axon and the closely apposed paranodal loops of myelinating glia. They are interposed between sodium channels at the nodes of Ranvier and potassium channels in the juxtaparanodal regions; their precise function and molecular composition have been elusive. We previously reported that Caspr (contactin-associated protein) is a major axonal constituent of these junctions (Einheber et al., 1997). We now report that contactin colocalizes and forms a cis complex with Caspr in the paranodes and juxtamesaxon. These proteins coextract and coprecipitate from neurons, myelinating cultures, and myelin preparations enriched in junctional markers; they fractionate on sucrose gradients as a high-molecular-weight complex, suggesting that other proteins may also be associated with this complex. Neurons express two contactin isoforms that differ in their extent of glycosylation: a lower-molecular-weight phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C (PI-PLC)-resistant form is associated specifically with Caspr in the paranodes, whereas a higher-molecular-weight form of contactin, not associated with Caspr, is present in central nodes of Ranvier. These results suggest that the targeting of contactin to different axonal domains may be determined, in part, via its association with Caspr. Treatment of myelinating cocultures of Schwann cells and neurons with RPTPβ–Fc, a soluble construct containing the carbonic anhydrase domain of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β (RPTPβ), a potential glial receptor for contactin, blocks the localization of the Caspr/contactin complex to the paranodes. These results strongly suggest that a preformed complex of Caspr and contactin is targeted to the paranodal junctions via extracellular interactions with myelinating glia.
Progress in the CU-HTK broadcast news transcription system

Broadcast news (BN) transcription has been a challenging research area for many years. In the last couple of years, the availability of large amounts of roughly transcribed acoustic training data and advanced model training techniques has offered the opportunity to greatly reduce the error rate on this task. This paper describes the design and performance of BN transcription systems which make use of these developments. First, the effects of using lightly supervised training data and advanced acoustic modeling techniques are discussed. The design of a real-time broadcast news recognition system is then detailed using these new models. As system combination has been found to yield large gains in performance, a range of frameworks that allow multiple recognition outputs to be combined are next described. These include the use of multiple types of acoustic models and multiple segmentations. As a contrast a system developed by multiple sites allowing cross-site combination, the "SuperEARS" system, is also described. The various models and recognition configurations are evaluated using several recent BN development and evaluation test sets. These new BN transcription systems can give gains of over 25% relative to the CU-HTK 2003 BN system