Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of PCR-Targeted Mutagenesis To Disrupt Production of Fusaricidin-Type Antifungal Antibiotics in Paenibacillus polymyxa

ABSTRACT Paenibacillus polymyxa (formerly Bacillus polymyxa) PKB1 has been identified as a potential agent for biocontrol of blackleg disease of canola, caused by the pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans. The factors presumed to contribute to disease suppression by strain PKB1 include the production of fusaricidin-type antifungal metabolites that appear around the onset of bacterial sporulation. The fusaricidins are a family of lipopeptide antibiotics consisting of a β-hydroxy fatty acid linked to a cyclic hexapeptide. Using a reverse genetic approach based on conserved motifs of nonribosomal peptide synthetases, a DNA fragment that appears to encode the first two modules of the putative fusaricidin synthetase (fusA) was isolated from PKB1. To confirm the involvement of fusA in production of fusaricidins, a modified PCR targeting mutagenesis protocol was developed to create a fusA mutation in PKB1. A DNA fragment internal to fusA was replaced by a gene disruption cassette containing two antibiotic resistance genes for independent selection of apramycin resistance in Escherichia coli and chloramphenicol resistance in P. polymyxa. Inclusion of an oriT site in the disruption cassette allowed efficient transfer of the inactivated fusA allele to P. polymyxa by intergeneric conjugation. Targeted disruption of fusA led to the complete loss of antifungal activity against L. maculans, suggesting that fusA plays an essential role in the nonribosomal synthesis of fusaricidins.
The Pursuit of Curriculum: Schooling and the Public Interest

Foreword by O. L. Davis, Jr. Introduction Preface PART I - Perspectives on the Curriculum Chapter 1. How We Think About Curriculum Chapter 2. The Institutional Character of Curriculum Chapter 3. Ways of Understanding: Great Ideas or Eclectic Arts? Chapter 4. Curriculum Perspectives and Philosophies of Schooling PART II - A Deliberative Perspective Chapter 5. The Case for a Deliberative Perspective Chapter 6. The Commonplace of the Teacher Chapter 7. The Commonplace of the Student Chapter 8. The Commonplace of Subject Matter Chapter 9. The Commonplace of the Milieus Chapter 10. The Commonplace of Curriculum Making Epilogue: Schooling and the Public Interest Postscript: Rediscovering the Public Interest Bibliography Author Index Subject Index About the Authors.
Texture Edge Detection Using the Compass Operator

The compass operator has proven to be a useful tool for the detection of color edges in real images. Its fundamental contribution is the comparison of oriented distributions of image features over a local area at each pixel. This paper presents extensions and modifications to the operator to make it applicable to texture edge detection in high dimensional images whose dimensions represent the output of a texture filter bank. The results show that the extended compass operator can robustly locate edges in natural scenes with complex textures. In addition, the use of a dynamic time warping distribution matching metric and jittered application of the operator improves the computational running time by a factor of over 50 while still producing comparable results. This large-scale speedup makes application of the algorithm to an entire image database computationally feasible.
Spectrally-Efficient Successive Wireless Relaying Based on Network Coding

We propose a novel successive relaying scheme based on network coding (SRS), which achieves the same spectral efficiency in half-duplex multi-hop relaying channels as point-to- point transmission does. Except for the source and destination nodes, every hop in the multi-hop relaying link, two relay nodes are arranged, a transmitting relay node and a receiving relay node, and continuously switch their states in "transmitting" and "receiving" during the successive slots. Each slot, all the transmitting relay nodes simultaneously and synchronously broadcast their respective last-received packets and at the receiving relays the sum of the simultaneously received electromagnetic waves is mapped on the network coding bits of the corresponding transmitting data. Focusing on the 3-hop relay network, we analyzed the spectral efficiency of three relaying schemes. The numerical results show that SRS can improve the spectral efficiency of the 3-hop relaying network by a factor of 200% and 100% relative to the conventional hop-by-hop relaying scheme and simple physical-layer network-coding relaying scheme, respectively, in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) range.
ECODESIGN in the electronics industry &#8212; achieving legal compliance with the EU-directives and environmentally improving products by using the new EEE-PILOT

Because of the rising number of waste of electrical and electronic equipment the European Union implemented two new directives. There is the directive for the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) and the directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). In order to facilitate for enterprises to fulfill the directives, a practical tool has been created. In which first information over the frameworks of the directives are mentioned and target group, validity and deadlines for reports are given. The EEE-PILOT is a software tool, which helps product developers to find suitable strategies and measures in order to improve its product in such a way that it corresponds to the requirements of the WEEE and the RoHS directive. The EEE-PILOT is divided into four areas. In the first area, WHO? , it will be determined whether one (manufacturers, dealers and importers) is concerned at all. In the second, WHAT? , the content of the directives is prepared easily understandable, in the third, WHEN? , the exact deadlines for implementation are listed and in the fourth area, HOW? , strategies and measures for the implementation in practice are mentioned. Achieving the legal compliance is very much simplified by working with the checklists. The results of the EEE-PILOT are concrete instructions which are can be realized easily. A case study carried out using a Digital Voice Recorder is presented in the paper. With the use of the EEE-PILOT a list of improvement ideas has been generated
Teacher Immediacy from the Perspective of Teachers Who Educate At-Risk Students in A High School Alternative Setting: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study

TEACHER IMMEDIACY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TEACHERS WHO EDUCATE AT-RISK STUDENTS IN A HIGH SCHOOL ALTERNATIVE SETTING: A TRANSCENDENTAL PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY (under the direction of Dr. Austin) School of Education, Liberty University, 2015 The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study is to gain a deeper, richer understanding of teacher immediacy from the perspective of teachers who educate at-risk students in an alternative setting. This study consisted of 12 teachers who educate high school students that have dropped out of school or were potential dropouts prior to entering the alternative program. The study was designed to answer the following questions: (a) What are the opinions of teachers who work in an alternative setting about teacher immediacy? (b) What do teachers state as obstacles to establishing teacher immediacy? (c) What additional resources do teachers state they need for establishing teacher immediacy? (d) Do teachers who teach in an alternative setting perceive that teacher immediacy positively impacts student success and why or why not? Teachers completed the Nonverbal Immediacy Scale-Self Report (NIS-S) (Richmond, McCroskey, & Johnson, 2003), participated in an interview process, and a focus group meeting. Moustakas’ (1994) 7-Step modified version of van Kaam’s method was used to analyze the data. There were several identifiable themes in this study. The themes were: (a) students pay attention to immediacy behaviors, (b) positive student-teacher relationships are important to at-risk students, (c) trust is crucial for students, (d) students need to know teachers care, (e) educators should be compassionate, (f) teachers must be flexible, (g) educating the whole child, and (h) student performance is based on teacher immediacy behaviors. There was
Mining Demand Chain Knowledge for New Product Development and Marketing

Many enterprises devote a significant portion of their budget to new product development (NPD) and marketing to make their products distinctive from those of competitors, and better fit the needs and wants of consumers. Hence, knowledge and feedback on customer demand and consumption experience has become an important information and asset for enterprises. This paper investigates the following research issues in a world leading bicycle brand/manufacture company, GIANT of Taiwan: what exactly are the customerspsila ldquofunctional needsrdquo and ldquowantsrdquo for bicycles? Does knowledge of the customers and the product itself reflect the needs of the market? Can product design and planning for production lines be integrated with the knowledge of customers and market channels? Can the knowledge of customers and market channels be transformed into knowledge assets of the enterprises during the stage of NPD? The a priori algorithm is a methodology of association rule for data mining, which is implemented for mining demand chain knowledge from channels (sales and maintenance) and customers. Knowledge extraction from data mining results is illustrated as knowledge patterns and rules in order to propose suggestions and solutions to the case firm for NPD and marketing.
Feasibility study and on-chip antenna for fully integrated μRFID tag at 60 GHz in 65 nm CMOS SOI

This paper reports the feasibility study of a novel passive tag for μRFID applications in the worldwide available free 60-GHz band. The feasibility analysis indicates that a passive fully-integrated μRFID tag, with on-chip antenna, can be realized in 65-nm SOI CMOS technology at 60 GHz with an operating range of about 20 cm. The 65-nm SOI CMOS technology represents a good candidate due to its better performance in terms of low-losses, low-power consumption and lower leakage current if compared with standard bulk process. The proposed circuit does not require complex package or bonding, thanks to the on-chip antenna, and it does not need battery. The low-cost technology and low-weight and low-area occupation are important features of this μRFID, especially if produced in large scale for the mass-market. Since the design of integrated antennas in silicon technology is one of the main challenge, especially for this proposal, two 60-GHz antennas have been designed by means of 3D-EM simulator: a CPW double-slot antenna and a CPS dipole one. The simulation results show a gain of 4.44 dBi and 3.23 dBi for the proposed double slot and dipole on-chip antennas, respectively.
Mechanisms underlying early development of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease in Down syndrome: An imbalance in biosynthesis of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin

Patients with Down syndrome (DS) and a left‐to‐right shunt often develop early severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary vascular obstructive disease (PVOD); the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of these complications are yet to be determined. To investigate the mechanisms, we evaluated the biosynthesis of thromboxane (TX) A2 and prostacyclin (PGI2) in four groups of infants, cross‐classified as shown below, by measuring the urinary excretion levels of 11‐dehydro‐TXB2 and 2,3‐dinor‐6‐keto‐PGF1α: DS infants with a left‐to‐right shunt and PH (D‐PH, n = 18), DS infants without congenital heart defect (D‐C, n = 8), non‐DS infants with a left‐to‐right shunt and PH (ND‐PH, n = 12), and non‐DS infants without congenital heart defect (ND‐C, n = 22). The urinary excretion ratios of 11‐dehydro‐TXB2 to 2,3‐dinor‐6‐keto‐PGF1α in the D‐PH, D‐C, ND‐PH, and ND‐C groups were 7.69, 4.71, 2.10, and 2.27, respectively. The ratio of 11‐dehydro‐TXB2 to 2,3‐dinor‐6‐keto‐PGF1α was higher in the presence of DS (P < 0.001), independently of the presence of PH (P = 0.297). The predominant biosynthesis of TXA2 over PGI2, leading to vasoconstriction, was observed in DS infants, irrespective of the presence/absence of PH. This imbalance in the biosynthesis of vasoactive eicosanoids may account for the rapid progression of PVOD in DS infants with a left‐to‐right shunt. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modèle de généralisation de données géographiques à base de contraintes et d'autonomie

Le processus de generalisation permet de deriver d'un ensemble de donnees initiales, l'information necessaire et suffisante pour realiser des analyses geographiques particulieres. Ce processus est utilise depuis longtemps par les cartographes. L'objectif de cette these est de proposer un modele permettant son automatisation a partir de donnees numeriques. Notre application est la generalisation de donnees urbaines pour la realisation d'une carte au 1 : 50 000 sur le prototype stratege developpe a cet usage. Le modele propose s'appuie sur trois principes : 1- l'autonomie donnee a l'information pour qu'elle se generalise, 2- les contraintes pour que chaque situation geographique possede ses propres objectifs qu'elle tente de satisfaire grace a ses algorithmes de generalisation 3- l'existence de niveaux d'analyse micro, meso et macro qui ont des roles differents dans le processus. Les objets meso decrivent des groupes d'objets. Ils permettent entre autre un meilleur maintien des relations d'ordre, de similitude et de difference entre les caracteres d'un groupe par des analyses de distribution. Au niveau d'une situation, nous identifions les caracteres principaux qui sont contraints en fonction des specifications de generalisation et nous proposons de correler l'etat des contraintes aux algorithmes qui les ameliorent. Nous proposons egalement d'introduire les contraintes dans les algorithmes afin mieux controler leur application. Les mecanismes de choix, de validation, d'apprentissage et les communications - utilisees pour la coordination d'action - sont etudies car ils constituent la dynamique du systeme propose. Enfin, nous decrivons les etapes du processus global comprenant la conception d'un schema adapte, la saisie des specifications et l'obtention de donnees qualifiees. Ce modele apporte des principes qui font evoluer les systemes d'information geographique vers des systemes d'analyse geographique, qui correspondent aux besoins actuels
Faithfulness and reduplicative identity

1 Workshop at which this work was first presented (Utrecht, June 22-24, 1994). For comments on this material, we are grateful to them and the other workshop participants, especially Austin have provided valuable feedback; and the comments, questions, and suggestions from the participants in the (eventually joint) UMass and Rutgers Correspondence Theory seminars were particularly important for the development of this work. For useful discussion of numerous points, we would like to thank
MIMO Cooperative Diversity Strategies for Frequency Selective Fading Relay Channels

This paper presents a family of cooperative diversity strategies for the fading relay channel in an initially frequency flat fading environment. The relay channel used in this paper operates in what is termed as MIMO cooperative diversity mode, where the source transmits to both relay and destination terminals in the first instance. Both the source and relay then transmit to the destination in the second instance. Initially the current cooperative diversity frameworks are extended to consider system constraints to make a direct and fair comparison with the single-hop case. In-particular a power constraint is put on the system and the optimal transmit power levels are presented. The framework is then extended to consider the frequency selective channel by consider an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) framework. The amount of collision in frequency can be varied and then analysed. This paper shows that full collision is the preferred transmission scheme.
Multinational Exposure and the Quality of New Chinese Exports

type="main" xml:lang="en"> We exploit information on the geographic, product and trader characteristics of China's 1997–2009 exports to examine how the evolving city-industry presence of multinational firms influenced the quality, frequency and survival of new export transactions by private Chinese firms. Our results show that own-industry multinational firm contact was associated with more frequent, higher-valued, and longer-lasting new trade transactions. These effects appear to arise from beneficial multinational spillovers, rather than selection effects due to increased multinational competition, as increases in own-industry or other multinational presence were also associated with an increase in the number of trade transactions introduced by private Chinese firms.
Compiler-based prefetching for recursive data structures

Software-controlled data prefetching offers the potential for bridging the ever-increasing speed gap between the memory subsystem and today's high-performance processors. While prefetching has enjoyed considerable success in array-based numeric codes, its potential in pointer-based applications has remained largely unexplored. This paper investigates compiler-based prefetching for pointer-based applications---in particular, those containing recursive data structures. We identify the fundamental problem in prefetching pointer-based data structures and propose a guideline for devising successful prefetching schemes. Based on this guideline, we design three prefetching schemes, we automate the most widely applicable scheme (greedy prefetching) in an optimizing research compiler, and we evaluate the performance of all three schemes on a modern superscalar processor similar to the MIPS R10000. Our results demonstrate that compiler-inserted prefetching can significantly improve the execution speed of pointer-based codes---as much as 45% for the applications we study. In addition, the more sophisticated algorithms (which we currently perform by hand, but which might be implemented in future compilers) can improve performance by as much as twofold. Compared with the only other compiler-based pointer prefetching scheme in the literature, our algorithms offer substantially better performance by avoiding unnecessary overhead and hiding more latency.
Controllability criterion for random tree networks with application to power systems

For control of complex networks, controllability criteria are useful to get information about constraints imposed by the network topology. In this work, we study controllability properties for first order dynamics over an undirected random tree network structure. We present a controllability index for the minimum set of driver nodes. We show a criterion for the selection of driver nodes. Then, we demonstrate that regardless the network is growing in time, its structure has a constant controllability index. Finally, an application of this criterion is used for voltage control of active power distribution networks with radial structure.
QUERYTEXT – USING QUERIES AND CLICKS TO IMPROVE TEXT MATCHING FOR WEB SEARCH

User queries and their associated clicks have been extensively explored to improve Web search relevance. Very little existing work explores how user clicks can be used to improve text matching for Web search. In this paper, we treat user queries that result in clicks as off-page annotations. These queries, like anchor text, provide a valuable additional source of relevance information for Web pages. We call the queries that are used to annotate Web pages in this way the QueryText. We propose using the QueryText as a new weighted textual field for Web pages, where the weights are based on user click behavior. We derive two sets of text matching features from the new field – BM25F-based features and n-gram features. We implement the features within a commercial search engine and evaluate the effectiveness of our approach on real large-scale Web data. Our evaluation results show significant improvements in retrieval effectiveness using text match features derived from the QueryText.
Test‐retest studies in quantitative sensory testing: a critical review

Quantitative sensory testing (QST) investigates the graded psychophysical response to controlled thermal, mechanical, electrical or chemical stimuli, allowing quantification of clinically relevant perception and pain thresholds. The methods are ubiquitously used in experimental and clinical pain research, and therefore, the need for uniform assessment procedures has been emphasised. However, varying consistency and transparency in the statistical methodology seem to occur in the QST literature. Sixteen publications, evaluating aspects of QST variability, from 2010 to 2012, were critically reviewed in detail. A considerable heterogeneity in the statistical evaluations of test‐retest data was demonstrated. The authors, using a secondary analysis of published data for didactic purposes, propose and present minimal requirements for reporting of test‐retest QST data.
The Induction and Analysis of Gene Networks

We report on the use of programs based upon rule induction for the induction of gene influence networks from microarray data and for analyzing the resulting networks. We use these programs to induce gene networks from a dataset created by merging normalized versions of the Beer et al. and Battacharjee et al. datasets made available for the 2003 CAMDA conference. We verified our findings by comparing them to lists of known oncogenes. Our results suggest that (1) normalization can be used to combine microarray datasets to yield a dataset with a larger number of cases, which facilitates discovery from the cases, and (2) our programs can be used to induce gene influence networks from microarray datasets and to use the induced networks to identify statistically significant differences in subgroups of the datasets. For example, our programs have rediscovered many known oncogenes from the combined dataset.
Standardization of DNA Residual Quantification Method of Vero Cell Rabies Vaccine for Human Use

Objectives: Normalize the quantification of residual DNA from Vero cells in the rabies vaccine for use in human VAHV I, by quantitative PCR in real time and the design of primers that amplified, highly repetitive sequences of Cercopithecus aethiops and a constitutive gene according to sequences reported in the GenBank and quantifying the residual DNA in the vaccine VAHV I in three consecutive batches according to the standard set by the World Health Organization. Methods: A real time quantitative method based on SYBR Green chemistry has been applied for the quantification of residual DNA (resDNA) using highly repetitive DNA (Alu) and a housekeeping gene (B-actin) as target sequences. Results: The sensitivity achieved with this white sequence is within the reported limits and who are between 5 and 50 pg. For real time PCR optimization with Alu-p53, different concentrations of MgCl2 (0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 mm) in combination with three different concentrations of primers (75, 100 and 150nM) were used. pDNA in concentration of 1x107 copies / ul was used as template. Optimal concentrations were 1.25 mM MgCl2 and 100nM primers. To level of detection of 1.53 ng/ul was found for p53-Alu and Alu-Glob and 0.39 ng/ul for B-actin with gDNA curves. Conclusion: Quantification of resDNA of vaccine VAHV I with close-ups of B-actin was normalized. Reached a sensitivity of 30 pg of resDNA/dose VAHV I, with close-ups of B-actin. Found, in three consecutive batches, an amount less than 10 ng/dose, these results suggest that the production process ensures vaccine resDNA removal, meeting international requirements for biological products for use in humans that use continuous cell lines for production.