Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rotational Widths for Use in the Tully-Fisher Relation. I. Long-Slit Spectroscopic Data

We present new long-slit Hα spectroscopy for 403 noninteracting spiral galaxies, obtained at the Palomar Observatory 5 m Hale telescope, which is used to derive well-sampled optical rotation curves. Because many of the galaxies show optical emission features that are significantly extended along the spectrograph slit, a technique was devised to separate and subtract the night sky lines from the galaxy emission. We exploit a functional fit to the rotation curve to identify its center of symmetry; this method minimizes the asymmetry in the final, folded rotation curve. We derive rotational widths using both velocity histograms and the Polyex model fit. The final rotational width is measured at a radius containing 83% of the total light as derived from I-band images. In addition to presenting the new data, we use a large sample of 742 galaxies for which both optical long-slit and radio H I line spectroscopy are available to investigate the relation between the H I content of the disks and the extent of their rotation curves. Our results show that the correlation between those quantities, which is well established in the case of H I–poor galaxies in clusters, is present also in H I–normal objects: for a given optical size, star formation can be traced farther out in the disks of galaxies with larger H I mass.
Hybrid IEEE 802.15.4 Network Emulation

This research statement describes the author’s PhD project, which targets the evaluation of sensor network designs in realistic environments. Network emulation includes a variety of methods and strategies for the evaluation of system designs for networked systems in safe testing environments. The author’s interest is to bridge the gap between generic simulation environments and real sensor network deployments for IEEE 802.15. 4 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) through a combination of network simulators like OMNeT++ [1] and RoSeNet [2], a network emulation platform.
Research and Analysis on the Reconfigurable System

After the appearance of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), several systems have been built using FPGAs,thus called Reconfigurable System. The essence of Reconfigurable System is dynamically changing the circuit at runtime with the reconfigurable characteristic of Programmable Logic Devices to give the system advantages of both hardware and software. The thesis here starting from the basic technology of the Reconfigurable System——FPGA , makes comparative analysis of the reconfigurable and traditional systems, and introduces the application of the Reconfigurable System in the life.
Asynchronous cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio

In cognitive radio networks, the cognitive radio users can be collaborated to perform spectrum sensing so as to detect the primary user more accurately. However, when the sensing nodes suffer from fading, shadowing, and time-varying nature of wireless channels, it needs to set a long observation time for all of the nodes to make decisions and forward the results to fusion center, which induce the severe degradation of the sensing performance. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous cooperative spectrum sensing method, in which the cognitive radio user with high SNR finishes the detection earlier than the one with low SNR, and the fusion center makes the final decision depending on the earliest local decision. The proposed method can exploit the userpsilas SNR diversity so that the sensing performance can be enhanced. Simulation results show that the detection time is reduced significantly at the expense of a little sensing performance degradation compared to the conventional cooperative spectrum sensing.
Content-based image indexing and retrieval with XML representations

This paper focuses on context-based image indexing and retrieval with XML representations (CIIRX), and the development of improved methods for the indexing and retrieval of images using the MPEG-7 standard structured annotations. These methods involve the development of techniques to enable the elements of an image to be categorised on the basis of their relative importance within the image. We propose the indexing of images with structured annotations, which can be used as a description in an XML document database. We also describe the use of JSP in retrieving images from the database, which allows relevant images to be identified and retrieved accurately and efficiently.
SMILE : An Informality Classification Tool for Helping to Assess Quality and Credibility in Web 2 . 0 Texts

The data made available by Web 2.0 applications such as social networks, on-line chats or blogs have give access to multiples sources of information. Due to this dramatic increase in available information, the perception of quality and credibility plays an important role in social media, thus making necessary to discard low quality and uninteresting content. Moreover, the informal features of Web 2.0 texts such as emoticons, typos, slang or loss of formatting impact negatively on user perception regarding content quality and credibility. For this reason, this paper proposes the SMILE system, a novel unsupervised real-time tool for assessing user-generated content quality and credibility using informality levels. As a test case, we focus on Yahoo! Answers, a relevant Web 2.0 application by its amount of users, content and textual diversity. The results of our study show that informality analysis can be used as criteria to help assess the credibility and quality of Web 2.0 information sources.
A Procedure for Quantitatively Comparing the Syntactic Coverage of English Grammars

The problem of quantitatively comparing the performance of different broad-coverage grammars of English has to date resisted solution. Prima facie, known English grammars appear to disagree strongly with each other as to the elements of even the simplest sentences. For instance, the grammars of Steve Abney (Bellcore), Ezra Black (IBM), Dan Flickinger (Hewlett Packard), Claudia Gdaniec (Logos), Ralph Grishman and Tomek Strzalkowski (NYU), Phil Harrison (Boeing), Don Hindle (AT&T), Bob Ingria (BBN), and Mitch Marcus (U. of Pennsylvania) recognize in common only the following constituents, when each grammarian provides the single parse which he/she would ideally want his/her grammar to specify for three sample Brown Corpus sentences:The famed Yankee Clipper, now retired, has been assisting (as (a batting coach)). One of those capital-gains ventures, in fact, has saddled him (with Gore Court). He said this constituted a (very serious) misuse (of the (Criminal court) processes).
Brain Signature of Chronic Orofacial Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Neuroimaging Research of Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Brain neuroimaging has been widely used to investigate the bran signature of chronic orofacial pain, including trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) and pain related to temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). We here systematically reviewed the neuroimaging literature regarding the functional and structural changes in the brain of TNP and TMD pain patients, using a computerized search of journal articles via PubMed. Ten TNP studies and 14 TMD studies were reviewed. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed based on the criteria of patient selection, the history of medication, the use of standardized pain/psychological assessments, and the model and statistics of imaging analyses. Qualitative meta-analysis was performed by examining the brain regions which showed significant changes in either brain functions (including the blood-oxygen-level dependent signal, cerebral blood flow and the magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal) or brain structure (including gray matter and white matter anatomy). We hypothesized that the neuroimaging findings would display a common pattern as well as distinct patterns of brain signature in the disorders. This major hypothesis was supported by the following findings: (1) TNP and TMD patients showed consistent functional/structural changes in the thalamus and the primary somatosensory cortex, indicating the thalamocortical pathway as the major site of plasticity. (2) The TNP patients showed more alterations at the thalamocortical pathway, and the two disorders showed distinct patterns of thalamic and insular connectivity. Additionally, functional and structural changes were frequently reported in the prefrontal cortex and the basal ganglia, suggesting the role of cognitive modulation and reward processing in chronic orofacial pain. The findings highlight the potential for brain neuroimaging as an investigating tool for understanding chronic orofacial pain.
Inferring privacy information via social relations

Currently, millions of individuals are sharing personal information and building social relations with others, through online social network sites. Recent research has shown that those personal information could compromise owners' privacy. In this work, we are interested in the privacy of online social network users with missing personal information. We study the problem of inferring those users' personal information via their social relations. We present an iterative algorithm, by combining a Bayesian label classification method and discriminative social relation choosing, for inferring personal information. Our experimental results reveal that personal information of most users in an online social network could be inferred through mere social relations with high accuracy.
Social network-based quantum trust management

Trust is a vital control mechanism in computer network and social network, but there is a big gap between web trust and social trust. To eliminate this difference to make web trust more similar to social trust, we proposed a theory of quantum trust based on quantum mechanics. And then, the framework of quantum trust computation is presented for resolving network security problems. Finally, we use a scenario to illustrate the need for a quantum trust management in a distributed environment.
Creatine kinase in the U.S. population

Background: Creatine kinase (CK) values are a critical part of the workup of suspected myopathies and are often assessed in patients that develop myalgia on statin therapy. CK elevations may influence the initiation and cessation of statin treatment, and incidentally discovered CK elevation may lead to further testing. A number of factors influence CK levels in healthy patients, but current reference ranges do not incorporate important influencers of CK such as race. Objectives of this study were to evaluate clinical factors associated with CK among healthy individuals and to develop practical reference ranges for important subgroups to improve test interpretation. Methods: CK was evaluated in nonpregnant participants ≥20 years old from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. Linear and logistic regression stratified by sex identified clinical factors associated with CK levels. Adjustment for anthropomorphic measures assessed whether age and race-ethnicity differences in CK were explained by differences in body composition. The 95th and 97.5th percentiles of CK in sex/race-ethnicity subgroups were calculated, excluding patients with recent strenuous exercise. Results: A total of 10,096 nonpregnant adults were studied. Black race was strongly associated with CK. The odds ratio of having an abnormal CK for black women was 5.08 (95% CI 3.65–7.08) and for black men was 8.39 (95% CI 6.11–11.52). CK was substantially lower in older men. Differences in CK by age but not race-ethnicity were largely explained by body composition. Women with low body mass index were less likely to have an elevated CK, and overweight or obese men had an almost 2-fold greater odds of having an elevated CK. The 97.5th percentile of CK was 382 (95% CI 295–469) in white men, 1001 (95% CI 718–1284) in black men, 295 (95% CI 216–374) in white women, and 487 (95% CI 310–664) in black women. Conclusion: CK is substantially higher in men and in black patients. Differences in body size and composition are also important but do not explain racial differences in CK. The 95th and 97.5th percentiles in sex and race-ethnicity subgroups provide a practical guide for clinicians interpreting CK values.
Computational model for syntactic development: Identifying how children learn to generalize nouns and verbs for different languages

By three years of age, children are supposed to start learning to understand syntactic structures, and at around five years of age, they are reported to be able to infer a syntactic category, such as a noun or a verb, for a novel word. Finding the syntactic cue enables them to infer a target directed by a novel word in visual stimuli. The study also found that their inference performances depended on their native languages. In this article, we propose a model to explain how children learn to generalize novel nouns and verbs in the Japanese, English, and Chinese languages. We use a Bayesian hidden Markov model (BHMM) to learn syntactic categories represented as hidden states in a BHMM. Here, an increase in the number of hidden states indicates the children's syntactic development. A model with a larger number of hidden states is able to infer a clearer syntactic category of a novel word, resulting in the correct choice of a category for the visual target. Syntactic categories that depend on input languages are acquired by BHMMs, and therefore result in different performances among the languages. We entered English-, Japanese-, or Chinese-corpus into the model and examined how the model inferred a correct target indicated by a novel word through the acquired syntactic categories. The results showed that the performances by our model are very similar to the children's performances. Further analysis of representations of hidden states clarified that the model acquires syntactic categories reflecting orders of words in English, suffixes in Japanese, and adverbs in Chinese.
A Model of Secondary Emission and Its Application on the Charging of Dust Grains

Dust grains of various shapes and materials can be found anywhere in the space where the temperature decreases under a melting point. Many plasma processes are driven by the grain charge but, on the other hand, dust grain charging can be influenced by several different processes, too. Among others, secondary emission can play a dominant role wherever the plasma is hot. In the present paper, a further development of our previous simple numerical secondary emission model, now using techniques for a beam interaction modelling applied in electron microscopies, is sketched and its application onto charging of spherical dust grains by a narrow electron beam is discussed. The model fits experimental data rather well and, thus, our conclusion suggests that the model is a very useful tool for considerations on the dust charging under different conditions in the space.
Novel reconfigurable matching network for compact multi-band PA

This paper presents a new compact reconfigurable MN for a multi-band power amplifier (PA). In the new MN topology, one matching element (ME) is used to match two or more frequency bands by connecting two or more SPST SWs. For more than three frequency bands, the proposed MN uses fewer MEs than the reconfigurable MN in the previously reported Pas [3]-[5]. The new MN is designed and fabricated to cover the 1.5 GHz, 1.7 GHz, and 2.0 GHz frequency bands. The SW states, which obtain the best PA characteristics for each band, are chosen for the design of the proposed MN in the PA. The fabricated PA exhibits the reflection characteristics of below -10 dB and the gain of 8 dB. Since the proposed MN requires fewer MEs than other MNs, it can help miniaturize and drive down the cost of the reconfigurable PA.
Iterative Solution of Piecewise Linear Systems for the Numerical Solution of Obstacle Problems 12

We investigate the use of piecewise linear systems, whose coefficient matrix is a piecewise constant function of the solution itself. Such systems arise, for example, from the numerical solution of linear complementarity problems and in the numerical solution of free-surface problems. In particular, we here study their application to the numerical solution of both the (linear) parabolic obstacle problem and the obstacle problem. We propose a class of effective semi-iterative Newton-type methods to find the exact solution of such piecewise linear systems. We prove that the semi-iterative Newton-type methods have a global monotonic convergence property, i.e., the iterates converge monotonically to the exact solution in a finite number of steps. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Image Tamper Detection and Recovery Using Dual Watermark

A novel dual watermark scheme for image tamper detection and recovery is proposed in this paper. In the proposed watermarking algorithm, we embed the watermark information into the original image using the algorithm of the LSB (Least Significant Bit) and the DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform). The basic principle of this scheme is to compress each block of the using SPIHT. First of all, we embed the bit stream into the watermark image using the DWT; secondly, scrambling and embedding the bit stream into LSBs of corresponding offset block. By using our algorithm, if the attackers destroy the watermark information, which is embedded the least bit of the watermarked image in case; we could extract the watermark information using DWT to tamper recovery. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed dual watermark technique is efficient, and recover tampered block data with satisfied image visual quality.
Test Performance and the Medium: Unearthing Differences That Make a Difference

This study will attempt to provide an explanation for the disparity that exists between the literature that purports no difference between individuals’ performance when taking paper-and-pencil versus computer-based tests, with the literature that purports that high levels of computer anxiety will influence computer-based performance. The question is asked, how can the findings that show high levels of computer anxiety negatively influence performance co-exist with findings that show that there is no difference between an individual’s performance when taking a paper-and-pencil versus a computer-based exam? This research posits that although there may be no difference in test performance between pencil-and-paper and computer-based tests for simple questions, there will be a test performance difference for questions that are complex. Thus, we also ask what is the emergent phenomenon that is occurring that causes computer anxiety to reduce performance on complex questions administered via the computer? To explain this phenomenon, we will draw upon the cognitive psychology literature, specifically the literature regarding cognitive capacity, to show that some of an individual’s cognitive capacity will be utilized by emotional arousal (e.g. computer anxiety), thereby increasing the amount of cognitive load on an individual’s working memory. The increase in cognitive load on working memory, namely computer anxiety, should not influence an individual’s computer-based test performance for simple questions, however, it is posited that it will influence an individual’s computer-based test performance for questions that are complex.
A Mode-Hopping MCMC sampler

One of the main shortcomings of Markov chain Monte Carlo samplers is their inability to mix between modes of the target distribution. In this paper we show that advance knowledge of the location of these modes can be incorporated into the MCMC sampler by introducing mode-hopping moves that satisfy detailed balance. The proposed sampling algorithm explores local mode structure through local MCMC moves (e.g. diffusion or Hybrid Monte Carlo) but in addition also represents the relative strengths of the different modes correctly using a set of global moves. This “mode-hopping” MCMC sampler can be viewed as a generalization of the darting method [1].
The Versatility of Perforator-Based Propeller Flap for Reconstruction of Distal Leg and Ankle Defects

Introduction. Soft tissue coverage of distal leg and ankle region represents a challenge and such defect usually requires a free flap. However, this may lead to considerable donor site morbidity, is time consuming, and needs facility of microsurgery. With the introduction of perforator flap, management of small- and medium-size defects of distal leg and ankle region is convenient, less time consuming, and with minimal donor site morbidity. When local perforator flap is designed as propeller and rotated to 180 degree, donor site is closed primarily and increases reach of flap, thus increasing versatility. Material and Methods. From June 2008 to May 2011, 20 patients were treated with perforator-based propeller flap for distal leg and ankle defects. Flap was based on single perforator of posterior tibial and peroneal artery rotated to 180 degrees. Defect size was from 4 cm × 3.5 cm to 7 cm × 5 cm. Results. One patient developed partial flap necrosis, which was managed with skin grafting. Two patients developed venous congestion, which subsided spontaneously without complications. Small wound dehiscence was present in one patient. Donor site was closed primarily in all patients. Rest of the flaps survived well with good aesthetic results. Conclusion. The perforator-based propeller flap for distal leg and ankle defects is a good option. This flap design is safe and reliable in achieving goals of reconstruction. The technique is convenient, less time consuming, and with minimal donor site morbidity. It provides aesthetically good result.