Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of cataract surgery on motor vehicle crash involvement by older adults.

CONTEXT Motor vehicle crash risk in older drivers is elevated in those with cataract, a condition that impairs vision and is present in half of adults aged 65 years or older. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of cataract surgery on the crash risk for older adults in the years following surgery, compared with that of older adults who have cataract but who elect to not have surgery. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Prospective cohort study of 277 patients with cataract, aged 55 to 84 years at enrollment, who were recruited from 12 eye clinics in Alabama from October 1994 through March 1996, with 4 to 6 years of follow-up (to March 1999). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Police-reported motor vehicle crash occurrence involving patients who elected to have surgery compared with those who did not. RESULTS Comparing the cataract surgery group (n = 174) with the no surgery group (n = 103), the rate ratio for crash involvement was 0.47 (95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.94), adjusting for race and baseline visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. The absolute rate reduction associated with cataract surgery was 4.74 crashes per million miles of travel. CONCLUSIONS In our sample, patients with cataract who underwent cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation had half the rate of crash involvement during the follow-up period compared with cataract patients who did not undergo surgery. Cataract surgery thus may have a previously undocumented benefit for older driver safety, reducing subsequent crash rate.
The Effects of Middle School Mathematical Statistics Area and Python Programming STEAM Instruction on Problem Solving Ability and Curriculum Interest

The Ministry of Education (2015) announced the "2015 Revised Curriculum for Elementary and Secondary Schools" and announced that SW (Software) training for elementary and junior high school students to develop Computational Thinking will be gradually introduced from 2018. In addition, 'problem solving' and 'programming' have become important areas. Furthermore, the ability to analyze and utilize big data is becoming more emphasized. We developed and applied the statistical - Python programming convergence curriculum based on the idea that convergence education combining information and mathematics, programming and statistical literacy is needed according to current trends. Before and after the experiment, problem solving ability test and programming / mathematical interest test were conducted and compared with the corresponding sample t-test. According to the analysis results, there were significant differences in the pre-and post-test on problem solving ability, programming interest and mathematical interest at the significance level of 0.05.
Effects of telephone call interventions on patients' well‐being in a radiation therapy department

This study examined the effects of telephone call interventions by a collaborative team on patients' well-being. Fifty-five subjects undergoing radiation therapy for cure and who were able to communicate by telephone comprised the sample. Subjects were randomly assigned to a control group, who received the usual care or to an experimental group, who received a weekly telephone call intervention in addition to the usual care. Speilberger's State Trait Inventory, the Side Effects Profile, and the Coping Strategies Profile were used along with a telephone survey to collect data. Analysis of the data showed no significant differences between groups in anxiety, severity of side effects, helpfulness of self-care strategies, and coping strategies. However, the survey indicated that the telephone calls were clinically significant and provided a mechanism for demonstrating that the health care professionals cared about their patients and provided an opportunity for patients to talk about their concerns. The investigators believe that collaboration, caring, and communication are the essence of exemplary health care.
Construction Process Control Based on Indoor Positioning Techniques

Indoor positioning technology has been widely applied in engineering with the development of automation in construction, and it is necessary to master the information of the high-accuracy location of the equipment and workers. Compared with the other techniques currently used, UWB has advantages of high-accuracy in pseudo-range measurement and excellent ability of anti-multipath. However, there is always in wide area in construction, while UWB can only cover the local area. Furthermore, Traditional construction process control depends on the scheduling and field management to a large extent, meanwhile lacks the on-time feedback in the construction process. The high-accuracy real-time location information of the target (workers or equipment) benefits the construction process in many aspects, such as: serving basic data for the arrangement of the targets in construction or as the reference for future work, preventing valuable equipment and facilities from being stolen, enriching the backup data in the engineering model such as BIM. This paper proposes a framework in combination with the indoor positioning technology UWB and RFID, providing a greater insight into the process management in construction, especially in real-time feedback and control regarding the robust construction environment.
Social and economic determinants of disparities in professional help-seeking for child mental health problems: evidence from a national sample.

OBJECTIVE To test the role of social determinants-including race, education, income, and demographic factors-of child mental health services use, defined as having had a visit to a mental health professional for depression, attention-deficit, or for any reason. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and the Child/Young Adult supplement, a nationally representative sample of 7-14-year-old children born to women who were 14-22 years old at the start of data collection, in 1979. African Americans and Latinos were over-sampled, and population weights are available to make nationally representative inferences. STUDY DESIGN Indicators of mental health service use were regressed on social and economic determinants, family structure variables, and insurance variables, controlling for need as captured by several different symptom scales. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Girls are much less likely to obtain needed treatment for externalizing behavior disorders than are boys, and are somewhat less likely to obtain needed treatment for depression than boys. Middle children are less likely to obtain needed treatment for any mental health problem than are oldest, youngest, or only children. The presence of the father inhibits the likelihood that the child will receive treatment, particularly for depression. African Americans and Latinos are less likely than white children to receive treatment. In contrast to these rich results for the social and demographic determinants of children's specialty mental health utilization, the economic and insurance variables (including maternal education and income) seem to hold little predictive power. CONCLUSIONS These results argue for interventions to sensitize parents-especially fathers-to the need to pay attention to the mental health needs of their children, in particular girls and middle children. The analysis also suggests that the literature on intrahousehold decision making and on the gender dimensions of investment in children is worth extending to mental health treatment decisions.
Physical model for high indium content InGaN/GaN self-assembled quantum dot ridge-waveguide lasers emitting at red wavelengths (λ ~ 630 nm).

We present a physical model for recently demonstrated high indium content self-assembled In0.4Ga0. 6N/GaN quantum dot (QD)-based ridge-waveguide lasers emitting at red wavelengths. The strain distribution in the QD is calculated using linear elastic theory with the application of shrink-fit boundary condition at the InGaN/GaN material interface, and the electronic states are evaluated using a single-band effective mass Hamiltonian. A Schrödinger-Poisson self-consistent solver is used to describe the effect of charge screening under current injection. Our theoretical result shows a good match to the measured Hakki-Paoli gain spectrum. Combining the calculated gain spectrum and cavity properties, we have developed a device-level simulation to successfully explain the electrical and optical characteristics of this specific laser. Possible solutions to improving the device performance have been explored.
Ultra-short length stochastic computation based on multiple partition computing

In this paper, we propose an ultra-short length stochastic computation (SC) method based on multiple partition computing (MPC). For example, in MPC four parallel 16-bits streams can represent a 16-bits fixed-point number, while a 65536-bits stream is required in traditional SC. To achieve this, MPC partitions a fixed-point number to several short parts and converts each part to a short stream separately. A high performance stochastic multiplier and a divider are also proposed based on MPC. As a case study, we implement a 4×4 matrix multiplication with field programmable gate array (FPGA). The synthesis reports shows that the hardware efficiency of the proposed method is 76X times more than traditional SC and 23% improvement than the traditional fixed-point computation.
Economic Growth and Technology Diffusion in Developing Countries

This paper aims to use the system-GMM estimation to fit an augmented Solow growth model with international technology diffusion variables. We also investigate whether the parameters of the model differ appreciably across subsamples of countries. The paper finds that foreign direct investment is a more important channel for technology transfer to developing countries than openness to international trade. Furthermore, the estimates indicate that the more rapidly technology transfer is made, the greater is the stock of human capital accumulated.
Dimethyl 4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

In the title compound, C19H23NO6, the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring is twisted slightly from planarity, with a maximum deviation of 0.101 (1) Å, and adopts a very flattened boat conformation. The dihedral angle formed between the plane through the four C atoms of the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring and the benzene ring is 84.67 (7)°. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into a three-dimensional network.
Hormone complement of the Cancer productus sinus gland and pericardial organ: An anatomical and mass spectrometric investigation

In crustaceans, circulating hormones influence many physiological processes. Two neuroendocrine organs, the sinus gland (SG) and the pericardial organ (PO), are the sources of many of these compounds. As a first step in determining the roles played by hemolymph‐borne agents in the crab Cancer productus, we characterized the hormone complement of its SG and PO. We show via transmission electron microscopy that the nerve terminals making up each site possess dense‐core and/or electron‐lucent vesicles, suggesting diverse complements of bioactive molecules for both structures. By using immunohistochemistry, we show that small molecule transmitters, amines and peptides, are among the hormones present in these tissues, with many differentially distributed between the two sites (e.g., serotonin in the PO but not the SG). With several mass spectrometric (MS) methods, we identified many of the peptides responsible for the immunolabeling and surveyed the SG and PO for peptides for which no antibodies exist. By using MS, we characterized 39 known peptides [e.g., β‐pigment‐dispersing hormone (β‐PDH), crustacean cardioactive peptide, and red pigment‐concentrating hormone] and de novo sequenced 23 novel ones (e.g., a new β‐PDH isoform and the first B‐type allatostatins identified from a non‐insect species). Collectively, our results show that diverse and unique complements of hormones, including many previously unknown peptides, are present in the SG and PO of C. productus. Moreover, our study sets the stage for future biochemical and physiological studies of these molecules and ultimately the elucidation of the role(s) they play in hormonal control in C. productus. J. Comp. Neurol. 493:607–626, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monocyte and/or macrophage infiltration of heart after myocardial infarction: MR imaging by using T1-shortening liposomes.

PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging R1 (R1 = 1/T1) mapping after selectively labeling monocytes with a T1-shortening contrast agent in vivo would enable the quantitative measurement of their spatiotemporal kinetics in the setting of infarct healing. MATERIALS AND METHODS All procedures were performed in mice and were approved by the institutional committee on animal research. One hundred microliters of dual-labeled liposomes (DLLs) containing gadolinium (Gd)-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-bis(stearylamide) and DiI dye were used to label monocytes 2 days before myocardial infarction (MI). MI was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 1 hour, followed by reperfusion. MR imaging R1 mapping of mouse hearts was performed at baseline on day -3, on day 0 before MI, and on days 1, 4, and 7 after MI. Mice without labeling were used as controls. ΔR1 was calculated as the difference in R1 between mice with labeling and those without labeling. CD68 immunohistochemistry and DiI fluorescence microscopy were used to confirm that labeled monocytes and/or macrophages infiltrated the postinfarct myocardium. Statistical analysis was performed by using two-way analysis of variance and the unpaired two-sample t test. RESULTS Infarct zone ΔR1 was slightly but nonsignificantly increased on day 1, maximum on day 4 (P < .05 vs all other days), and started to decrease by day 7 (P < .05 vs days -3, 0, and 1) after MI, closely reflecting the time course of monocyte and/or macrophage infiltration of the infarcted myocardium shown by prior histologic studies. Histologic results confirmed the presence and location of DLL-labeled monocytes and/or macrophages in the infarct zone on day 4 after MI. CONCLUSION R1 mapping after labeling monocytes with T1-shortening DLLs enables the measurement of post-MI monocyte and/or macrophage spatiotemporal kinetics.
Does the US Fear Gauge Impact on the Investor Fear Gauge in the Emerging Markets?

This article investigates the investor fear gauge linkages among the American and emerging markets, such as, India (India volatility index (IVIX)), South Korea (Volatility Korea Composite Stock Price Index (VKSOPI)), South Africa (South African Volatility Index (SAVI)) and Russian (Russian Volatility Index (RTSVX)). This article further captures the diffusion and jump relationships between the volatility indices (VIXs) in US and emerging markets by applying the correlated bivariate Poisson (CBP) jump model. The empirical result found that the change in the VIX in the US has a substantial impact over the change in the VIXs of emerging markets. The changes in the VIXs exhibit individual jump behaviour. Finally, this article found the time-varying joint jump intensity between the VIXs in US and emerging markets. JEL Classification: C32, C5
Importance of the angiosome concept for endovascular therapy in patients with critical limb ischemia

Objective: We investigated the role of the angiosome concept in endovascular therapy (EVT) for limb salvage. Background: The angiosome concept is clinically useful in bypass surgery for critical limbs ischemia (CLI). However, comparison with direct and indirect flow to the site of ulceration based on angiosome concept regarding freedom from amputation has not been systematically studied for the patient with CLI undergoing EVT. Methods: We analyzed 203 limbs in 177 consecutive patients (male = 127, age = 70 ± 11 years) with ischemic ulceration that was Rutherford 5 or 6 (5 in 145 limbs and 6 in 58 limbs; pretreatment ankle‐brachial index = 0.74 ± 0.27), who underwent EVT alone without bypass surgery. We classified these patients into direct and indirect groups depending on whether feeding artery flow to the site of ulceration was successfully acquired or not acquired based on the angiosome concept. Freedom from amputation was compared between the direct and the indirect groups by Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Results: The overall limb salvage rate was 82% (167/203). Skin perfusion pressure was significantly higher in the direct group (67 ± 25 mm Hg) than in the indirect group (41 ± 20 mm Hg, P = 0.002). The limb salvage rate was also significantly (P = 0.03) higher in the direct group (86%) than in the indirect group (69%) for up to 4 years after the procedure. The number of vessels with run‐off flow did not influence the limb salvage rate in either the direct group (P = 0.84) or the indirect group (P = 0.90). Conclusion: Acquiring direct flow based on the angiosome concept is important for limb salvage by EVT in patients with CLI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What Do We Do With Applied Research?

One of the most persistent criticisms of the behavioral sciences is that academics are only interested in developing theory for its own sake (e.g., see Ricci 1984). According to this argument, the development of social science theory provides society with few practical benefits. It survives only because it serves the needs of the academic community, providing fertile publishing ground for scholars to formulate, criticize, revise, reformulate, and debunk various theories. Critics view theory building as comparable to a dog chasing its tail. One can identify a great deal of activity, but there is little practical pay off. We believe that this pernicious view of theory building has evolved because applied proposals for policy change that would demonstrate the value of social science theory are not generally published in mainstream journals. Mainstream journals identify theories about the nature of important governmental and societal problems. Often these theories provide the basis for remedial solutions that can be formulated as policy proposals. However, once theory is framed in an applied form, scholars generally consider it as inappropriate for publication in mainstream social science journals. Social scientists themselves have created the impression that theory is only formulated for its own sake. In this article we ask what we believe is a fundamental question for the political science discipline: "What does one do with applied research? " A satisfactory answer to this question would demonstrate the practical utility of social science theory-or what Lindblom and Cohen (1979) have called "usable knowledge. " We illustrate our argument by presenting an example of an applied policy proposal that flows naturally from the last 40 years of the development of bureaucratic theory. The Accountability Problem and Bureaucratic Theory
Role of Corvids in Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in Southern California

Abstract The invasion of different southern California landscapes by West Nile virus (WNV) and its subsequent amplification to epidemic levels during 2004 enabled us to study the impact of differing corvid populations in three biomes: the hot Colorado desert with few corvids (Coachella Valley), the southern San Joaquin Valley (Kern County) with large western scrub-jay but small American crow populations, and the cool maritime coast (Los Angeles) with a large clustered American crow population. Similar surveillance programs in all three areas monitored infection rates in mosquitoes, seroconversion rates in sentinel chickens, seroprevalence in wild birds, numbers of dead birds reported by the public, and the occurrence of human cases. Infection rates in Culex tarsalis Coquillett and sentinel chicken seroconversion rates were statistically similar among all three areas, indicating that highly competent mosquito hosts were capable of maintaining enzootic WNV transmission among less competent and widely distributed avian hosts, most likely house sparrows and house finches. In contrast, infection rates in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say were statistically higher in Kern and Los Angeles counties with elevated corvid populations than in Coachella Valley with few corvids. Spatial analyses of dead corvids showed significant clusters near known American crow roosts in Los Angeles that were congruent with clusters of human cases. In this area, the incidence of human and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus infection was significantly greater within corvid clusters than without, indicating their importance in virus amplification and as a risk factor for human infection. In contrast the uniform dispersion by territorial western scrub-jays resulted in a high, but evenly distributed, incidence of human disease in Kern County.
A Model Of Accrual Measurement With Implications For The Evolution Of The Book-To-Market Ratio

This paper constructs a model of accrual measurement and tests its implications for the evolution of the book-to-market ratio. The model captures the intuition that book value is untimely or smoothed relative to market value, so that movements in market value have relatively high variance and low predictability, compared with movements in book value. Empirical tests of the model use lagged market value changes to forecast the mean reversion of the book-to-market ratio. This paper complements recent research investigating the role of book-to-market ratios in security analysis. Accounting theorists (e.g., Edwards and Bell [1961] and Feltham and Ohlson [1995]) have long recognized the critical role of book-to-market ratios as predictors of abnormal earnings in earnings-based valuation models. Tests of such valuation models (e.g., Ou and Penman [1993]) confront the practical problem of determining the horizon beyond which abnormal earnings are expected to be zero. The model in this paper implies that this horizon is determined by the remaining useful life of assets, and that the expected path of abnormal earnings over this horizon reflects the pattern of expiration of the useful lives of assets in place.
Parallel imaging and compressed sensing combined framework for accelerating high‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging using inter‐image correlation

Increasing acquisition efficiency is always a challenge in high‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which has low signal‐to‐noise ratio and is sensitive to reconstruction artifacts. In this study, a parallel imaging (PI) and compressed sensing (CS) combined framework is proposed, which features motion error correction, PI calibration, and sparsity model using inter‐image correlation tailored for high‐resolution DTI.
Using a hybrid model to evaluate development strategies for digital content

AbstractDigital content (DC) is one of the most important areas of growth within the global creative and knowledge-based economy. The paper aims to propose a systematic approach to evaluating strategies to develop DC industry and how it should be effectively implemented. Our analysis employs a hybrid multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) approach by using the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) method to deal with the interrelationship among criteria, and the analytic network process (ANP) method is employed to determine the relative weights of each criterion. Finally, in order to choose the alternative for the ideal solution of this problem, a technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is used. To demonstrate the validity of this method, the Taiwan's DC industry is used as an illustrative case. The study generates results that can serve as a reference for decision-makers in the formulation of their development strategies for DC. Moreover, the evaluation model construc.