Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Weak-Labeled Active Learning With Conditional Label Dependence for Multilabel Image Classification

Multilabel image classification has been a hot topic in the field of computer vision and image understanding in recent years. To achieve better classification performance with fewer labeled images, multilabel active learning is used for this scenario. Several active learning methods have been proposed for multilabel image classification. However, all of them assume that either all training images have complete labels or label correlations are given at the beginning. These two assumptions are unrealistic. In fact, it is very difficult to obtain complete labels for each example, in particular when the size of labels in a multilabel dataset is very large. Typically, only partial labels are available. This is one type of “weak label” problem. To solve this weak label problem inside multilabel active learning, this paper proposes a novel solution called AE-WLMAL. AE-WLMAL explores conditional label correlations on the weak label problem with the help of input features and then utilizes label correlations to construct a unified sampling strategy and evaluate the informativeness of each example-label pair in a multilabel dataset for active sampling. In addition, a pruning strategy is adopted to further improve its computation efficiency. Moreover, AE-WLAML exploits label correlations to infer labels for unlabeled images, which further reduces human labeling cost. Our experimental results on seven real-world datasets show that AE-WLMAL consistently outperforms existing approaches.
1000-V 9.1-$\hbox{m}\Omega \cdot \hbox{cm}^{2}$ Normally Off 4H-SiC Lateral RESURF JFET for Power Integrated Circuit Applications

A 4H-SiC normally off vertical channel lateral reduced-surface electric-field (RESURF) junction field-effect transistor (JFET) with a blocking voltage Vbr of 1028 V and a specific on-resistance R on-sp of 9.1 mOmegamiddotcm2 has been experimentally demonstrated. The device has a Vbr 2/Ron-sp figure-of-merit of 116 MW/cm2, which is the highest value achieved to date on a 4H-SiC lateral power transistor. Also reported is a larger JFET that is capable of handling over 0.5-A current on an active area of 4.01times10-3 cm2. The fabricated double-RESURF devices have a vertical channel length of 1.8 mum, created by tilted aluminum (Al) implantation on the sidewalls of deep trenches, and a lateral drift-region length of 7.5 mum. In addition, low-voltage logic-inverter circuits based on the same lateral JFET process have been monolithically integrated on the same chip. Proper logic-inverter function has also been demonstrated
OCH1 encodes a novel membrane bound mannosyltransferase: outer chain elongation of asparagine‐linked oligosaccharides.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae och1 mutant shows a deficiency in the mannose outer chain elongation at the non‐permissive temperature. We have cloned the OCH1 gene by complementation of temperature sensitive (ts) phenotype for growth. The integrant of OCH1 gene in the yeast chromosome can complement the ts phenotype and shows the same mapping position as that of the och1 mutation, indicating that the cloned gene is the true gene for mutation. The OCH1 gene disruptant is not lethal but ts for cell growth, and lacks mannose outer chains. The OCH1 gene sequence predicts a 55 kDa protein consisting of 480 amino acids. It contains four potential asparagine‐linked (N‐linked) glycosylation sites and a single transmembrane region near the N‐terminus. In vitro translation/translocation analysis revealed that the large C‐terminal region of the OCH1 protein is located at the lumenal side of microsomal membranes with some sugar modification, indicating a type II membrane topology. The OCH1 protein was detected in yeast membrane fractions as four forms of 58–66 kDa, which correspond to the size of a glycoprotein containing four N‐linked sugar chains the length of which is almost the same or slightly larger than the inner core (Man8GlcNAc2) formed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Finally, the OCH1 gene was found to encode a novel mannosyltransferase which specifically transfers [14C]mannose to the unique acceptor, the core‐like oligosaccharide of cell wall mannan accumulated in the och1 disruptant.
Alcohol cue reactivity, negative-mood reactivity, and relapse in treated alcoholic men.

Relapsed alcoholic individuals frequently report that negative emotional states trigger their return to drinking. A parametric laboratory study was conducted to assess the separate and combined effects of exposure to alcohol-related stimuli and induced negative moods in abstinent alcoholic persons. The authors also sought to determine if reactivity to alcohol cues or reactivity to negative mood induction predicted relapse soon after treatment. Men with alcoholism (N = 50) undergoing inpatient treatment participated in a guided imagery procedure designed to induce negative moods and were then exposed to either their favorite alcoholic beverage or to spring water. Results indicated that both alcoholic beverage presentation and negative affect imagery led to increased subjective reporting of desire to drink. These effects were additive but not multiplicative (i.e., the interaction of mood state with beverage type was not significant). Reported urge to drink during the trial that combined negative mood imagery with alcoholic beverage exposure predicted time to relapse after inpatient discharge.
Nutrition and economic development: Exploring Egypt's exceptionalism and the role of food subsidies

Egypt faces two nutritional challenges. The first is the â€œgrowth-nutrition disconnect. â€ High economic growth has not been accompanied by reduction in chronic child malnutrition, at least throughout the 2000s. Instead, the prevalence of child stunting increased during this decadeâ€”an atypical trend for a country outside wartime. The second challenge is the simultaneous presence of chronic undernutrition and overnutrition (due to excess consumption of calories). This â€œdouble burden of malnutritionâ€ exists not only at the national level but also within families and even individual children. Both challenges are exceptionally pronounced in Egypt compared to other developing countries. Nutrition and Economic Development: Exploring Egyptâ€™s Exceptionalism and the Role of Food Subsidies examines the two nutritional challenges in depth and their relationship to public policy.
Enhancing diversity for NSGA-II in evolutionary multi-objective optimization

The NSGA-II method has been shown highly effective to provide sufficient selection pressure searching towards Pareto optimal set in multi-objective optimization. However, an important drawback in NSGA-II is that the diversity of resulting populations is not satisfactory due to the shortcoming of crowding distance. In this paper, we propose a diversity maintenance strategy for NSGA-II to enhance diversity during evolution process. We employ sphere to define a neighborhood for each individual. Moreover, a diversity maintenance strategy integrates into the critical selection scheme. It picks out extreme individuals and prohibits or postpones the archive of adjacent individuals. From an extensive comparative study with original NSGA-II and two other MOEAs, the proposed method shows a good balance among convergence, uniformity and spread.
Crystallization of HfO2 in InAs/HfO2 core–shell nanowires

We report the impact of deposition parameters on the structure of HfO2 covering InAs nanowires (NWs) being potential candidates for future field-effect transistors (FETs). Molecular beam epitaxial-grown Au-free InAs NWs were covered with HfO2 deposited by atomic-layer deposition. The impact of the film thickness as well as the deposition temperature on the occurrence and amount of crystalline HfO2 regions was investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction. Compared to the deposition on planar Si substrates, the formation probability of crystalline HfO2 on InAs NWs is significantly enhanced. Here, even 3 nm thick films deposited at 250 °C are partly crystalline. Similarly, a low deposition temperature of 125 °C does not result in completely amorphous 10 nm thick HfO2 films, they contain monoclinic as well as orthorhombic HfO2 nanocrystals. Combining HfO2 and Al2O3 into a laminate structure is capable of suppressing the formation of crystalline HfO2 grains.
Evidence of Enhanced Platelet Aggregation and Platelet Sensitivity in Migraine Patients

In fourteen untreated migraine patients with a mean age of 40 years platelet sensitivity to 5HT, EN and ADP was investigated during the prodromal phase (three patients), 12-48 h after headache (three patients) and during the headache-free period (eight patients). Platelet sensitivity was tested using an optical density method and was calculated by the percentage of disaggregation (%DA) occurring 3 min after the peak aggregation. Platelet release reaction was assessed using β-thromboglobulin (β-TG) as an indicator. Platelet sensitivity to low concentrations of 5HT, EN and ADP (0.3 × 10-9 M/ml) was most marked during the headache and prodromal phases. The least platelet sensitivity in migraineurs was detected during the headache-free interval, but was still higher than in the control group. β-TG levels were increased during the headache phase indicating platelet release reaction. A general hyperaggregability of platelets in migraineurs has been demonstrated and in addition a varying sensibility of platelets to low concentrations of 5HT, EN and ADP has been established.
The Bidirectional Association Between Depression and Insomnia: The HUNT Study

Objective Depression and insomnia are closely linked, yet our understanding of their prospective relationships remains limited. The aim of the current study was to investigate the directionality of association between depression and insomnia. Methods Data were collected from a prospective population-based study comprising the most recent waves of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) (the HUNT2 in 1995–1997 and the HUNT3 in 2006–2008). A total of 24,715 persons provided valid responses on the relevant questionnaires from both surveys. Study outcomes were onset of depression or insomnia at HUNT3 in persons not reporting the other disorder in HUNT2. Results Both insomnia and depression significantly predicted the onset of the other disorder. Participants who did not have depression in HUNT2 but who had insomnia in both HUNT2 and HUNT3 had an odds ratio (OR) of 6.2 of developing depression at HUNT3. Participants who did not have insomnia in HUNT2 but who had depression in both HUNT2 and HUNT3 had an OR of 6.7 of developing insomnia at HUNT3. ORs were only slightly attenuated when adjusting for potential confounding factors. Conclusions The results support a bidirectional relationship between insomnia and depression. This finding stands in contrast to the previous studies, which have mainly focused on insomnia as a risk factor for the onset of depression.
Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression and Functional Response to Nitric Oxide Are Both Important Modulators of Circulating Angiogenic Cell Response to Angiogenic Stimuli

Objective—Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), also termed endothelial progenitor cells, play an integral role in vascular repair and are functionally impaired in coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of nitric oxide (NO) in CAC function is poorly understood. We hypothesized that CAC migration toward angiogenic signals is modulated by both NO synthase (NOS) expression and functional response to NO. Methods and Results—Similar to endothelial cells, CAC chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was blocked by inhibition of NOS, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, or guanylyl cyclase or by treatment with an NO scavenger. Addition of an NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine) and the NOS substrate l-arginine increased random cell migration (chemokinesis) and enhanced VEGF-dependent chemotaxis. Healthy CACs expressed endothelial NOS, but endothelial NOS was not detected in CAD patient CACs. Both chemokinesis and chemotaxis to VEGF of patient CACs were decreased compared with healthy CACs but were restored to healthy values by S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine. In parallel, CAD patients exhibited lower flow-mediated vasodilation and plasma NO source nitrite than young, healthy subjects, indicating endothelial dysfunction with reduced NO bioavailability. Conclusion—NOS activity is required for CAC chemotaxis. In CAD patients, impairment of NOS expression and NO bioavailability, rather than response to NO, may contribute to dysfunction of CACs and limit their regenerative capacity.
5MW direct drive wind turbine generator design

A 5MW direct drive offshore wind turbine generator was designed and simulated using Vector Fields OPERA. This software allows calculation of the flux density, force, torque, and eddy currents in the machine at different rotor positions. Based on the data obtained from the model, initial assumptions could be validated. The selection of the type of generator was based on comparing different types of synchronous generators. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed with respect to the specified requirements, as well as different materials which will define the different parts of the generator. Arguments for the suitable machine are listed and the modelling process presented. The model of the generator is improved by changing designing parameters (position of the magnets or adding additional I-Cores) and analyse the effect of it.
A SURVEY ON: QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF TONE-MAPPED IMAGES USING TMQI-II

1K C Asha , Sree Buddha College Of Engineering 2Prof:Anil A R, Sree Buddha College Of Engineering ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Even though the knowledge of tone mapping is continuously developing, many unanswered questions and hypotheses still remain to be solved. On that account, we are quite far away from having an accurate computational model for the compression of high dynamic range images to low dynamic ones. It is; therefore; of particular importance and necessity to conduct experimental subjective evaluations of the computational approaches that incorporate various tone mapping operators to judge and validate them properly. Moreover, the evaluations give us a deeper insight into the inquired area and, besides the evaluation of existing methods they can lead to proposals of new ones. The goal of Image Quality Assessment (IQA) is to computationally predict human perceptions of image quality. In order to improve the quality of the image two factors are considered, they are structural fidelity and statistical naturalness. Then the proposed iterative algorithms are used, so as to improve the quality of the image. Numerical and subjective experiments make evident that the proposed algorithm consistently produces better quality tone mapped images even when the initial images of the iteration are created by the most competitive TMOs.
Highly Miniaturized Formats for In Vitro Drug Metabolism Assays Using Vivid® Fluorescent Substrates and Recombinant Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes

Highly miniaturized P450 screening assays designed to enable facile analysis of P450 drug interactions in a 1536-well plate format with the principal human cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP3A4, 2D6, 2C9, 2C19, and 1A2) and Vivid® fluorogenic substrates were developed. The detailed characterization of the assays included stability, homogeneity, and reproducibility of the recombinant P450 enzymes and the kinetic parameters of their reactions with Vivid® fluorogenic substrates, with a focus on the specific characteristics of each component that enable screening in a low-volume 1536-well plate assay format. The screening assays were applied for the assessment of individual cytochrome P450 inhibition profiles with a panel of selected assay modifiers, including isozyme-specific substrates and inhibitors. IC50 values obtained for the modifiers in 96- and 1536-well plate formats were similar and comparable with values obtained in assays with conventional substrates. An overall examination of the 1536-well assay statistics, such as signal-to-background ratio and Z′ factor, demonstrated that these assays are a robust, successful, and reliable tool to screen for cytochrome P450 metabolism and inhibition in an ultra-high-throughput screening format. (Journal of Biomolecular Screening 2005:56-66)
Instabilities and constitutive modelling

The plastics industry today sees huge wastage through product defects caused by unstable flows during the manufacturing process. In addition, many production lines are throughput-limited by a flow speed threshold above which the process becomes unstable. Therefore, it is critically important to understand the mechanisms behind these instabilities. In order to investigate the flow of a molten plastic, the first step is a model of the liquid itself, a relation between its current stress and its flow history called a constitutive relation. These are derived in many ways and tested on several benchmark flows, but rarely is the stability of the model used as a criterion for selection. The relationship between the constitutive model and the stability properties of even simple flows is not yet well understood. We show that in one case a small change to the model, which does not affect the steady flow behaviour, entirely removes a known instability. In another, a change that makes a qualitative difference to the steady flow makes only tiny changes to the stability. The long-term vision of this research is to exactly quantify what are the important properties of a constitutive relation as far as stability is concerned. If we could understand that, not only could very simple stability experiments be used to choose the best constitutive models for a particular material, but our ability to predict and avoid wasteful industrial instabilities would also be vastly improved.
Optimal Policy Rules at Home, Crisis and Quantitative Easing Abroad

This paper examines the international transmission of financial shocks which originate in, and are partially offset by, quantitative easing in a large financially-stressed country. Using a two-country model, we evaluate the adjustment in the non-stressed home country, following recurring negative shocks to productivity and banking-sector balance-sheet/terminal wealth ratios. We first examine the application of QE policies in the stressed foreign country. Coupling quantitative easing with crisis events abroad magnifies the financial instability transmitted to the rest of the world. Our results show that the non-stressed home country can make effective use of tax-rate rules for consumption, or taxes to stabilize financial-sector net worth in times of prolonged crisis abroad.
Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy Using Polymeric Ligating Clips and Its Effect on Semen Parameters in Pediatric Population with Symptomatic Varicocele: A 5-Year Single Surgeon Experience.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics of the children undergoing laparoscopic varicocelectomy by using polymeric ligating clips and to evaluate postoperative outcomes and analyze semen according to the grade of varicocele after surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS The case records of 120 pediatric patients who underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy were retrospectively reviewed. The following parameters were examined: age, grade of varicocele, lateralization, diameter of spermatic veins, indications for surgery, duration and outcomes of surgery, complications, and recurrence rate. For patients older than 16 years of age, semen analyses were obtained before and after the surgery and were compared according to the clinical grade of varicocele. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 15 years. Of the total number of patients, left-sided varicocele was found in 119 patients and bilateral varicocele was found in 1 patient. Of the 120 varicoceles, 8 (6.7%) were grade I, 58 (48.3%) were grade II, and 54 (45%) were grade III. There were no major intraoperative complications. Hydrocele was found in 2 (1.6%) patients. There were no cases of recurrence recorded. Sperm concentration (P < .01), morphology (P < .01), and motility (P < .01; P = .02) improved 6 months after surgery in patients with varicocele grades of I and II, respectively. In grade III varicocele, only sperm concentration (P < .01) and morphology (P = .03) improved whereas motility (P = .150) did not change significantly. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic varicocelectomy using polymeric ligating clips is a safe, feasible, and cost-effective technique, with a low rate of postoperative complications and recurrence and it significantly improves sperm parameters in adolescents.
Hydro-Thermal-Wind Coordination in Day-Ahead Unit Commitment

With large-scale wind power integration, more reserve has to be scheduled to ensure power supply safety. Proper hydro-thermal coordination is able to provide essential reserve. This paper constructs a unit commitment (UC) model that coordinates hydro and thermal power generation to support secure and economic wind power integration. Several reserves, including an online generation reserve, a ramping reserve and a transmission capacity reserve, are identified and considered in this UC model to counteract the variability and uncertainty inherent in wind power. The reserves are determined based on interval programming and provided through hydro-thermal coordination. By scheduling reserves, this UC model guarantees a reliable power supply while properly maintaining hydropower station reservoir water levels. Finally, numerical results on an eight-bus system and a real-world large-scale power system show the effectiveness of this UC model for guaranteeing system security with high wind power penetration.
Nuclear receptor profile in calvarial bone cells undergoing osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key regulators of cell function and differentiation. We examined NR expression during osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation of primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts (MOBs). MOBs were cultured for 21 days in osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation media. von Kossa and Oil Red O staining, and qRT‐PCR of marker genes and 49 NRs were performed. PCR amplicons were subcloned to establish correct sequences and absolute standard curves. Forty‐three NRs were detected at days 0–21. Uncentered average linkage hierarchical clustering identified four expression clusters: NRs (1) upregulated during osteogenic, but not adipogenic, differentiation, (2) upregulated in both conditions, with greater upregulation during adipogenic differentiation, (3) upregulated equally in both conditions, (4) downregulated during adipogenic, but not osteogenic, differentiation. One‐way ANOVA with contrast revealed 20 NRs upregulated during osteogenic differentiation and 12 NRs upregulated during adipogenic differentiation. Two‐way ANOVA demonstrated that 18 NRs were higher in osteogenic media, while 9 NRs were higher in adipogenic media. The time effect revealed 16 upregulated NRs. The interaction of condition with time revealed 6 NRs with higher expression rate during adipogenic differentiation and 3 NRs with higher expression rate during osteogenic differentiation. Relative NR abundance at days 0 and 21 were ranked. Basal ranking changed at least 5 positions for 13 NRs in osteogenic media and 9 NRs in adipogenic media. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation significantly altered NR expression in MOBs. These differences offer a fingerprint of cellular commitment and may provide clues to the underlying mechanisms of osteogenic versus adipogenic differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 1316–1326, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.