Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Retroelement from the Resurrection Plant Boea hygrometrica That Confers Osmotic and Alkaline Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Functional genomic elements, including transposable elements, small RNAs and non-coding RNAs, are involved in regulation of gene expression in response to plant stress. To identify genomic elements that regulate dehydration and alkaline tolerance in Boea hygrometrica, a resurrection plant that inhabits drought and alkaline Karst areas, a genomic DNA library from B. hygrometrica was constructed and subsequently transformed into Arabidopsis using binary bacterial artificial chromosome (BIBAC) vectors. Transgenic lines were screened under osmotic and alkaline conditions, leading to the identification of Clone L1-4 that conferred osmotic and alkaline tolerance. Sequence analyses revealed that L1-4 contained a 49-kb retroelement fragment from B. hygrometrica, of which only a truncated sequence was present in L1-4 transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Additional subcloning revealed that activity resided in a 2-kb sequence, designated Osmotic and Alkaline Resistance 1 (OAR1). In addition, transgenic Arabidopsis lines carrying an OAR1-homologue also showed similar stress tolerance phenotypes. Physiological and molecular analyses demonstrated that OAR1-transgenic plants exhibited improved photochemical efficiency and membrane integrity and biomarker gene expression under both osmotic and alkaline stresses. Short transcripts that originated from OAR1 were increased under stress conditions in both B. hygrometrica and Arabidopsis carrying OAR1. The relative copy number of OAR1 was stable in transgenic Arabidopsis under stress but increased in B. hygrometrica. Taken together, our results indicated a potential role of OAR1 element in plant tolerance to osmotic and alkaline stresses, and verified the feasibility of the BIBAC transformation technique to identify functional genomic elements from physiological model species.
Low temperature Rosseland opacities with varied abundances of carbon and nitrogen

Context. With certain assumptions, radiative energy transport can be modelled by the diffusion approximation. In this case, the Rosseland mean opacity coefficient characterises the interaction between radiation and matter. The opacity data are usually available in pre-tabulated form, and in the generation of the data one assumes a distinct heavy element mixture, which is usually a scaled solar one. Therefore, presently available data is unable to cover the full parameter range of some astrophysical problems, in which the chemical composition of the medium being considered varies. Aims. We attempt to produce low temperature opacity data incorporating the effects of varied abundances of the elements carbon and nitrogen. For our temperature range of interest, molecules represent the dominant opacity source. Our dataset covers a wide metallicity range and is meant to provide important input data for stellar evolution models and other applications. Methods. We conduct chemical equilibrium calculations to evaluate the partial pressures of neutral atoms, ions, and molecules. Based on a large dataset containing atomic line and continuum data and, most importantly, a plethora of molecular lines, we calculate Rosseland mean opacity coefficients not only for a number of different metallicities, but also for varied abundances of the isotopes 12 C and 14 N at each metallicity. The molecular data comprise the main opacity sources for either an oxygen-rich or carbon-rich chemistry. We tabulate the opacity coefficients as a function of temperature and, basically, density. Results. Due to the special role of the CO molecule, within a certain chemistry regime an alteration to the carbon abundance causes considerable changes in the Rosseland opacity. The transition from a scaled solar (i.e. oxygen-rich) mixture to a carbon-rich regime results in opacities that can, at low temperatures, differ by orders of magnitude from to the initial situation. The reason is that the mean opacity in either case is due to different molecular absorbers. Variations in the abundance of nitrogen have less pronounced effects but, nevertheless, cannot be neglected. Conclusions. In typical astrophysical applications, it is indispensable to take into account opacity variations due to chemistry changes. In this respect, the new data is superior to previous compilations, but is, however, still subject to uncertainties.
Equivalent Expression of Participation Factor for Weak Buses Ranking of Static Voltage Sability

Participation factor method is often applied in weak buses ranking of static voltage stability analysis. In order to deepen the understanding of participation factor method in weak buses ranking, the equivalent expression are given, namely, the partial derivative of minimum singular value(minimum absolute eigenvalue) with respect to bus sensitivity. At the same time, The simulations on IEEE30 system shows weak buses ranking are totally the same according singular participation factor and eigen participation factor of reduced power flow Jacobian matrix, the analysis is also given by means of normality index and symmetry index.
The bright future of high resolution satellite remote sensing - will aerial photography become obsolete?

High resolution satellite systems today become more and more important. The reason is simple as the technology developments of the last ten years changed the situation dramatically. Satellite Constellations for observation with a very high spatial and radiometric resolution are now state of the art technology. Even systems with a spatial resolution of 50 cm are available with a brilliant image contrast and an extreme good signal to noise ratio. In terms of flexibility the high agility of such systems is one of the important parameters. Beyond the instrument and satellite technology, the importance of automatic data processing has increased. Deriving high resolution 3D models is one of the most challenging topics. To optimise such complex systems for certain tasks, the complete system chain has to be considered. This paper shows the status of the work and gives an outlook for the next generation of high-resolution optical satellite technology.
Serie Research Memoranda Endogenous Technical Change , Innovation Diffusion and Transitional Dynamics in a Nonlinear Growth Model

This paper addresses capital accumulation and capital productivity change in an economy with endogenous technological change and floors and ceilings in activity. The properties of the resulting two-variable noniinear differential equation system are studied in some detail. The welfare implications are also considered. When discrete lags are introduced, wide-ranging behaviour emerges, which includes convergence to a steady-state, catastrophes, hysteresis, limit cycles and chaos. Simulations illustrate the results. It is found that external shocks, such as the diffusion of innovations from elsewhere, do not just change the level of the steady-state equilibrium but also the dynamical properties of the paths of output and productivity.
On the parallel relay wire-tap network

Information-theoretic secrecy is studied for a parallel relay (diamond) network, in which a transmitter wishes to communicate to a receiver through two relay nodes. While there is no direct link between the transmitter and receiver and all flow of information has to be transmitted through the relays, the message has to be kept secret from each of them. The exact secrecy capacity is characterized for the network under the linear deterministic model. The problem is then studied when each terminal is equipped with multiple antennas, and the channels are parallel Gaussian links. Lower and upper bounds for the secrecy capacity are derived, and the gap is bounded by a constant independent of the channel parameters and SNR. This results in an approximate characterization for the secrecy capacity of the parallel Gaussian diamond network.
Expression and function of chicken integrin beta 1 subunit and its cytoplasmic domain mutants in mouse NIH 3T3 cells

Chicken integrin beta 1 cDNA and its site-directed mutants were cloned into a mammalian expression vector and introduced into mouse NIH 3T3 cells. Stable transfectants expressing the chicken beta 1 subunit or its site-directed mutants were identified by immunostaining with antibodies specific for the chicken integrin beta 1 subunit. The chicken beta 1 proteins were expressed predominately in the endoplasmic reticulum of transfectants and to a lesser degree in the plasma membrane. Immunoblots and immunoprecipitations, using anti-chicken integrin antibodies, revealed three different sizes of the chicken subunit (90, 95, and 120 kD) and a mouse 140-kD alpha subunit. Immunoprecipitations of the cell surface receptors showed only two peptides, an 120-kD beta 1 and an 140-kD alpha subunit. Antibodies perturbing mouse and chicken integrin-specific cell adhesions were used to demonstrate that the chimeric receptors functioned in adhesion to both laminin and fibronectin. Immunofluorescent staining with antibodies specific for either the chicken or mouse receptors showed that both the wild type and the chimeric receptors localized in focal contacts. Several mutations in the cytoplasmic domain were synthesized and used in the transfection experiments. In one mutant the tyrosine (Tyr 788) in the consensus sequence for phosphorylation was replaced by a phenylalanine. In another the lysine (Lys 757) at the end of the membrane spanning region was replaced by a leucine. Both of these mutants formed dimers with mouse alpha subunits, participated in adhesion, localized in focal contacts, and displayed biological properties indistinguishable from the wild-type transfection. In contrast, mutants containing deletions greater than 5-15 amino acids nearest the carboxyl end in the cytoplasmic domain neither promoted adhesion nor localized in focal contacts. They did, however, form heterodimers that were expressed on the cell surface.
EPEC: An Error Position Estimating Coding scheme in wireless networks

In wireless networks, determining the error bit positions within a packet at the receiver can improve the wireless retransmission efficiency in wireless communications. In this paper, we propose an Error Position Estimating Coding (EPEC) scheme based on Error Estimating Coding (EEC). Specifically, we divide data bits into several groups and indicate the group number individually to implement error position estimating at the receiver. Moreover, we encodes Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) with the initial EEC to reduce the leak probability of error position detection. Experimental results show that the error position estimation accuracy is nearly 100% when bit error rate (BER) is lower than 10-3. And the bandwidth for data retransmission saved by EPEC is up to 87% on average. In addition, the miss rate of EPEC is almost 0% while EEC is about 0.06%.
The q-characters of representations of quantum affine algebras and deformations of W-algebras

We propose the notion of q-characters for finite-dimensional representations of quantum affine algebras. It is motivated by our theory of deformed W-algebras. We show that the q-characters give rise to a homomorphism from the Grothendieck ring of representations of a quantum affine algebra to a polynomial ring. We conjecture that the image of this homomorphism is equal to the intersection of certain "screening operators". We also discuss the connection between q-characters and Bethe Ansatz.
Analgesic Effect of Electroacupuncture in a Mouse Fibromyalgia Model: Roles of TRPV1, TRPV4, and pERK

Fibromyalgia (FM) is among the most common chronic pain syndromes encountered in clinical practice, but there is limited understanding of FM pathogenesis. We examined the contribution of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TRPV4 channels to chronic pain in the repeated acid injection mouse model of FM and the potential therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture. Electroacupuncture (EA) at the bilateral Zusanli (ST36) acupoint reduced the long-lasting mechanical hyperalgesia induced by repeated acid saline (pH 4) injection in mouse hindpaw. Isolated L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from FM model mice (FM group) were hyperexcitable, an effect reversed by EA pretreatment (FM + EA group). The increase in mechanical hyperalgesia was also accompanied by upregulation of TRPV1 expression and phosphoactivation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (pERK) in the DRG, whereas DRG expression levels of TRPV4, p-p38, and p-JNK were unaltered. Blockade of TRPV1, which was achieved using TRPV1 knockout mice or via antagonist injection, and pERK suppressed development of FM-like pain. Both TRPV1 and TRPV4 protein expression levels were increased in the spinal cord (SC) of model mice, and EA at the ST36 acupoint decreased overexpression. This study strongly suggests that DRG TRPV1 overexpression and pERK signaling, as well as SC TRPV1 and TRPV4 overexpression, mediate hyperalgesia in a mouse FM pain model. The therapeutic efficacy of EA may result from the reversal of these changes in pain transmission pathways.
Multiprogramming STRETCH: feasibility considerations

~ The tendency towards increased parallelism in computers is noted. Exploitation of this parallelism presents a Humber of new t)roblems in machine desiga and in programming systems. ~[inimum requirements for successful concurrent execution oi" several independent problem programs are discussed. These requirements are met in the STItETCH system by a carefully b:danced combination of built-in and programmed logic. Techniques are described which place the burden of the programmed logic on systein programs (supervisory progrtrm and compiler) rather th:m on problem programs.
Evaluating Radial Current Measurements from CODAR High-Frequency Radars with Moored Current Meters

Abstract The performance of a network of five CODAR (Coastal Ocean Dynamics Application Radar) SeaSonde high-frequency (HF) radars, broadcasting near 13 MHz and using the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for direction finding, is described based on comparisons with an array of nine moorings in the Santa Barbara Channel and Santa Maria basin deployed between June 1997 and November 1999. Eight of the moorings carried vector-measuring current meters (VMCMs), the ninth had an upward-looking ADCP. Coverage areas of the HF radars and moorings included diverse flow and sea-state regimes. Measurement depths were ∼1 m for the HF radars, 5 m for the VMCMs, and 3.2 m for the ADCP bin nearest to the surface. Comparison of radial current components from 18 HF radar–mooring pairs yielded rms speed differences of 7–19 cm s−1 and correlation coefficients squared (r2) in the range of 0.39–0.77. Spectral analysis showed significant coherence for frequencies below 0.1 cph (periods longer than 10 h). At highe.
Fractionally spaced equalization using CMA: robustness to channel noise and lack of disparity

In the noise-free case, the fractionally spaced equalization using constant modulus (FSE-CM) criterion has been studied previously. Its minima were shown to achieve perfect equalization when zero-forcing (ZF) conditions are satisfied and to be able to still achieve fair equalization when there is lack of disparity. However, to our best knowledge, the effect of additive channel noise on the FSE-CM cost-function minima has not been studied. In this paper, we show that the noisy FSE-CM cost function is subject to a smoothing effect with respect to the noise-free cost function, the result of which is a tradeoff between achieving zero forcing and noise enhancement. Furthermore, we give an analytical closed-form expression for the loss of performance due to the noise in terms of input-output mean square error (MSE). Under the ZF conditions, the FSE-CM MSE is shown to be mostly due to output noise enhancement and not to residual intersymbol interference (ISI). When there is lack of disparity, an irreducible amount of ISI appears independently of the algorithm. It is the lower equalizability bound for given channel conditions and equalizer length-the so-called minimum MSE (MMSE). The MMSE lower bound is the sum of the MMSE and of additional MSE mostly due to noise enhancement. Finally, we compare the FSE-CM MSE to this lower bound.
Enhancing enterprise knowledge processes via cross-media extraction

In large organizations the resources needed to solve challenging problems are typically dispersed over systems within and beyond the organization, and also in different media. However, there is still the need, in knowledge environments, for extraction methods able to combine evidence for a fact from across different media. In many cases the whole is more than the sum of its parts: only when considering the different media simultaneously can enough evidence be obtained to derive facts otherwise inaccessible to the knowledge worker via traditional methods that work on each single medium separately. In this paper, we present a cross-media knowledge extraction framework specifically designed to handle large volumes of documents composed of three types of media text, images and raw data and to exploit the evidence across the media. Our goal is to improve the quality and depth of automatically extracted knowledge.
Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy is comparable to radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma smaller than 1.5 cm

AbstractAlthough percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) is best indicated for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the survival advantage of PEIT needs confirmation in real-world practice. This study was approved by the institutional review board, and the informed consent was waived. The study included 535 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed early stage (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] 0 or A) HCC who underwent initially radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (n = 288) or PEIT (n = 247) from January 2005 to December 2010. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and the secondary outcome was time to progression (TTP). The longest diameters of tumors of the groups differed significantly and larger for RFA group than PEIT group (P < 0.001; 1.94 ± 0.65 cm vs 1.60 ± 0.50 cm, respectively). The 5-year OS rates were 72.2% in the RFA group and 67.4% in the PEIT group (P = 0.608). Even after propensity score matching, OS rates between the 2 groups were similar (5-year OS: 72.8% with RFA [n = 175] and 68.0% with PEIT [n = 175]) (P = 0.709). Moreover, in patients with the longest diameter of tumors (⩽1.5 cm), multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the treatment modality was not a significant prognosticator for OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.690; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.828–3.449; P = 0.149) and time to progression (HR, 1.160; 95% CI, 0.773–1.740; P = 0.474). PEIT and RFA show equal effectiveness in treating HCCs <1.5 cm in terms of OS and time to progression.
Complexity Analysis of the Cost-Table Approach to the Design of Multiple-Valued Logic Circuits

We analyze the computational complexity of the cost-table approach to designing multiple-valued logic circuits that is applicable to I/sup 2/L, CCDs, current-mode CMOS, and RTDs. We show that this approach is NP-complete. An efficient algorithm is shown for finding the exact minimal realization of a given function by a given cost-table.
Mining Frequent Itemsets in Transactional Database

— Frequent itemsets mining is crucial and most expensive step in association rule mining. The problem of mining frequent itemsets arises in large transactional databases where there is need to find association rules among the transactional data for the growth of business. Several algorithms have been proposed and developed to increase efficiency of mining frequent itemsets. We present a survey of various algorithms for mining frequent itemsets in transactional database that work on horizontal, vertical, projected and hybrid layout datasets.
Mitigating problems in video-mediated group discussions: Towards conversation aware video-conferencing systems

In this paper we discuss communication problems in video-mediated small group discussions. We present results from a study in which ad-hoc groups of five people, with moderator, solved a quiz question-select answer style task over a video-conferencing system. The task was performed under different delay conditions, of up to 2000ms additional one-way delay. Even with a delay up to 2000ms, we could not observe any effect on the achieved quiz scores. In contrast, the subjective satisfaction was severely negatively affected. While we would have suspected a clear conversational breakdown with such a high delay, groups adapted their communication style and thus still managed to solve the task. This is, most groups decided to switch to a more explicit turn-taking scheme. We argue that future video-conferencing systems can provide a better experience if they are aware of the current conversational situation and can provide compensation mechanisms. Thus we provide an overview of what cues are relevant and how they are affected by the video-conferencing system and how recent advancements in computational social science can be leveraged. Further, we provide an analysis of the suitability of normal webcam data for such cue recognition. Based on our observations, we suggest strategies that can be implemented to alleviate the problems.
Modular BDPCA based visual feature representation for lip-reading

Most of the appearance based visual feature extraction methods in the lip-reading system treat the mouth image in a whole manner. However, the vision of speech process is three dimensional and treating the mouth image as a whole may lose the speech information. Motivated by the bidirectional PCA (BDPCA) and decomposition methods used in the face recognition domain, in this paper, a modular bidirectional PCA (MBDPCA) based visual feature extraction method was presented. In this method, the original mouth image sequences are divided into smaller sub-images, and two approaches are compared to build the covariance matrix: one is using all the sub-image sets together to build a global covariance matrix; the other is using the different sub-image sets independently to build the local covariance matrices. Then the BDPCA is applied to each sub-image set. Experimental results show that the MBDPCA method has a better performance than both the conventional PCA and BDPCA methods; moreover, further experimental results demonstrate that our lip-reading system provides significant enhancement of robustness in noisy environments compared to the audio-only speech recognition.
Automatic Relation Extraction - Can Synonym Extraction Benefit from Antonym Knowledge?

Proceedings of the NODALIDA 2009 workshop WordNets and other Lexical Semantic Resources — between Lexical Semantics, Lexicography, Terminology and Formal Ontologies. Editors: Bolette Sandford Pedersen, Anna Braasch, Sanni Nimb and Ruth Vatvedt Fjeld. NEALT Proceedings Series, Vol. 7 (2009), 17-20. © 2009 The editors and contributors. Published by Northern European Association for Language Technology (NEALT) http://omilia.uio. no/nealt . Electronically published at Tartu University Library (Estonia) http://hdl.handle. net/10062/9209 .