Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different Mechanisms of Phase Delays and Phase Advances of the Circadian Rhythm in Rat Pineal N-Acetyltransferase Activity

The circadian rhythm in rat pineal N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity, which drives the rhythm in melatonin production, is controlled by a pacemaker located in the su prachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. As the NAT rhythm has two well-defined phase markers—namely, the time of the evening activity rise and of the morning decline—it is suitable for studies of the entrainment of the pacemaker by environmental light. Phase delays of the NAT rhythm proceed more rapidly than phase advances. One day after a brief light pulse applied before midnight, or after a delay in evening lights-off, or a delay of a light-dark (LD) cycle, phase delays of the evening NAT rise result in almost corresponding delays of the morning NAT decline. Consequently, the NAT rhythm is phase-shifted, but its pattern does not change. One day after a brief light pulse applied past midnight, or after bringing forward morning lights-on, or after an advance of an LD cycle, the morning NAT decline is phase- advanced, but the evening rise is not phase-advanced at all or may even be phase-delayed. Consequently, the phase relationship between the evening NAT activity onset and the mom ing offset may be compressed considerably, and it may take several transient cycles before phase advances of the morning NAT decline are followed by corresponding advances of the evening NAT rise. Due to the phase-delaying effect of evening light on the NAT rise and to the phase-advancing effect of morning light on the NAT decline, the phase relationship be tween the NAT rise and the decline is compressed on long days and decompressed on short days.
An ERP Investigation of Domain-Specificity : Clause-Edge Recursion in Native and Nonnative French

Non-native sentence processing has been argued to involve the computation of domain-specific representations, if only under reduced processing capacity (Dekydtspotter, Schwartz, & Sprouse, 2006; Dekydtspotter & Miller, 2013; Hopp, 2017, 2016; Miller, 2015). Proponents of the Shallow Structure Hypothesis (SSH) argue in contrast that the real-time structuring of target-language input in nonnative sentence processing is less detailed (Clahsen & Felser, 2006a, b) as a reflex of epistemologically distinct non-native representations (Bley-Vroman, 1989, 2009; Clahsen & Muysken, 1986). Crucially, the SSH precludes the real-time computation of movement dependencies and syntactically mediated referential chains (Felser & Cunnings, 2012; Patterson, Trompelt, & Felser, 2014). However, non-native sentence processing research might be coalescing on the finding that non-native speakers (NNSs) just require more time than native speakers (NSs) to compute the representations in incremental interpretation (Boxell & Felser, 2017). We present ERP evidence linked to crucial processing moments consonant with this computational distinction, showing that, beyond the timing issue, characteristics of neuronal activity even in advanced NNSs and NSs may differ (cf. Bowden, Steinhauer, Sanz, & Ullman, 2013; Sneed, Herschensohn, & FrenckMestre, 2015; Ullman, 2001). Crucially, language allows expressions to be interpreted in places other than their surface position in a phenomenon known as reconstruction (Barss, 2002). In A picture of himself, John said Sue tore (not a picture of her), the reflexive pronoun himself is construed with John despite the linear order. In its fronted position, himself is not licensed because John does not asymmetrically ccommand it. In canonical object position, himself cannot be construed with John because Sue asymmetrically c-commands it, as revealed by the ungrammaticality of *John said Sue tore a picture of himself. However, the displaced sentenceinitial constituent a picture of himself stands in a syntactic chain relation with the object position of the verb tore. Because of locality constraints on movement operations, displaced constituents in multi-clause dependencies must move recursively in steps from clause to clause (Chomsky, 2005, 2008). In recursive
THE ‘BLACK BOX’ BETWEEN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE

Recent HRM research finds a collectively held value system amongst workplace members to be a pivotal characteristic evident in successful organisations. It is considered a strong sense of shared values, developed and reinforced through supportive HRM practices, help to foster desirable work attitudes, and this, in turn, leads to superior individual and hence firm performance. This study examines this relationship and finds relatively little value congruence to actually exist amongst different organisation groups. Moreover, when the relationship between values and attitudes is examined, values are found to have a strong impact on attitudes, but when this impact is viewed in conjunction with HRM practice, it becomes negligible. The researchers conclude that while values play a role in reinforcing desirable workplace attitudes, it is the HRM practices themselves that have the greatest influence. Practitioners are therefore cautioned to be wary of an agenda that sees the development of a shared value system as the key to superior firm performance. Instead it is suggested the values of the organisation should be considered as the foundation from which a set of mutually reinforcing and supportive HRM practices can be developed and implemented.
Chevkinite-bearing Tuffs from the Boso and Noto Peninsulas in Central Japan and from Primorye , Far East Russia

Specific tuffs including chevkinite-(Ce) or monazite-(Ce) were found in Oligocene to Miocene formations on the Boso and Noto peninsulas in central Japan. Monazite tuff was also found in Nezhino, Primorye, Far East Russia, where chevkinite-(Ce) was found in the river sands. The chemical composition of chevkinite-(Ce) from the Boso Peninsula is almost the same as that from the Noto Peninsula. Furthermore, ages of the chevkinite-bearing tuffs are around 23 Ma in both the tuffs. As chevkinite-(Ce) and monazite-(Ce) are very rare minerals in tuff, it is concluded that tuffs from the Boso and Noto peninsulas were derived from the same volcanic eruptions. The chevkinite-(Ce) collected from river sand from Nehino, Primorye, has chemical compositions similar to those mentioned above. Monazite-bearing tuff has ages similar to those from the Boso and Noto peninsulas. Hence, it is reasonable that the three tuffs were formed by the same or consanguineous volcanic eruption at around 23 Ma. These data will be important when we reconstruct the Japanese Islands before the opening of the Sea of Japan.
Large-scale 2 D Electronics based on Single-layer MoS 2 Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

2D nanoelectronics based on single-layer MoS2 offers great advantages for both conventional and ubiquitous applications. This paper discusses the large-scale CVD growth of single-layer MoS2 and fabrication of devices and circuits for the first time. Both digital and analog circuits are fabricated to demonstrate its capability for mixed-signal applications.
Metal ions and phosphate binding in the H‐N‐H motif: Crystal structures of the nuclease domain of ColE7/Im7 in complex with a phosphate ion and different divalent metal ions

H‐N‐H is a motif found in the nuclease domain of a subfamily of bacteria toxins, including colicin E7, that are capable of cleaving DNA nonspecifically. This H‐N‐H motif has also been identified in a subfamily of homing endonucleases, which cleave DNA site specifically. To better understand the role of metal ions in the H‐N‐H motif during DNA hydrolysis, we crystallized the nuclease domain of colicin E7 (nuclease‐ColE7) in complex with its inhibitor Im7 in two different crystal forms, and we resolved the structures of EDTA‐treated, Zn2+‐bound and Mn2+‐bound complexes in the presence of phosphate ions at resolutions of 2.6 Å to 2.0 Å. This study offers the first determination of the structure of a metal‐free and substrate‐free enzyme in the H‐N‐H family. The H‐N‐H motif contains two antiparallel β‐strands linked to a C‐terminal α‐helix, with a divalent metal ion located in the center. Here we show that the metal‐binding sites in the center of the H‐N‐H motif, for the EDTA‐treated and Mg2+‐soaked complex crystals, were occupied by water molecules, indicating that an alkaline earth metal ion does not reside in the same position as a transition metal ion in the H‐N‐H motif. However, a Zn2+ or Mn2+ ions were observed in the center of the H‐N‐H motif in cases of Zn2+ or Mn2+‐soaked crystals, as confirmed in anomalous difference maps. A phosphate ion was found to bridge between the divalent transition metal ion and His545. Based on these structures and structural comparisons with other nucleases, we suggest a functional role for the divalent transition metal ion in the H‐N‐H motif in stabilizing the phosphoanion in the transition state during hydrolysis.
Human Hepacivirus : The Different Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus

Hepaciviruses and pegiviruses constitute two closely related sister genera of the family Flaviviridae. In the past five years, the known phylogenetic diversity of the hepacivirus genera has absolutely exploded. What was once an isolated infection in humans (and possibly other primates) has now expanded to include horses, rodents, bats, colobus monkeys, cows, and, most recently, catsharks, shedding new light on the genetic diversity and host range of hepaciviruses. Interestingly, despite the identification of these many animal and primate hepaciviruses, the equine hepaciviruses remain the closest genetic relatives of the human hepaciviruses, providing an intriguing clue to the zoonotic source of hepatitis C virus. This review summarizes the significance of these studies and discusses current thinking about the origin and evolution of the animal hepaciviruses as well as their potential usage as surrogate models for the study of hepatitis C virus.
Repression of tau hyperphosphorylation by chronic endurance exercise in aged transgenic mouse model of tauopathies

The present study was undertaken to investigate whether chronic endurance exercise affects tau phosphorylation levels in the brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐like pathology. To address this, the transgenic (Tg) mouse model of tauopathies, Tg‐NSE/htau23, which expresses human tau23 in the brain, was chosen. Animals were subjected to chronic exercise for 3 months from 16 months of age. The exercised Tg mouse groups were treadmill run at speeds of 12 m/min (intermediate exercise group) or 19 m/min (high exercise group) for 1 hr/day, 5 days/week, during the 3‐month period. Chronic endurance exercise in Tg mice increased the expression of Cu/Zn‐superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and also their enzymatic activities in the brain. In parallel, chronic exercise in Tg mice up‐regulated the expression of phospho‐PKCα, phospho‐AKT, and phospho‐PI3K, and down‐regulated the expressions of phospho‐PKA, phosphor‐p38, phospho‐JNK, and phospho‐ERK. Moreover, chronic exercise up‐regulated both cytosolic and nuclear levels of β‐catenin, and the expression of T‐cell factor‐4 (Tcf‐4) and cyclin D1 in the brain. As a consequence of such changes, the levels of phospho‐tau in the brain of Tg mice were markedly decreased after exercise. Immunohistochemical analysis showed an exercised‐induced decrease of the phospho‐tau levels in the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus. These results suggest that chronic endurance exercise may provide a therapeutic potential to alleviate the tau pathology. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatially distributed ecological risk for fish of a coastal food web exposed to dioxins

The ecological risk posed by 2,3,7,8‐polychlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin‐like polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) congeners to five edible fish species of the aquatic food web of Venice Lagoon, Italy, was estimated by applying a state‐of the‐art kinetic bioaccumulation model. Site‐specific data were used to define a representative food web. The experimental data set for model validation and application included PCB and PCDD/F congener concentrations in sediments, in water, and in five organisms (both invertebrates and fish). The spatial distribution of risk was evaluated by dividing the lagoon into six homogeneous areas, and for each area, sediment, water, and organism dioxins concentrations were calculated. The bioaccumulation model was calibrated for both nonmetabolizing and metabolizing congeners, the metabolic elimination rates of which were estimated. The model validation showed an acceptable bioaccumulation estimation, evaluated using the model bias parameter. The calibrated model was applied to the six areas of the lagoon to estimate the fish predicted exposure concentration as 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin toxicity equivalents from sediment concentration. Internal no‐effect concentrations were calculated for each fish species from literature data. Risk was estimated by applying the hazard quotient (HQ) approach, obtaining the ecological risk for each fish species on the basis of 90 and 99% protection levels, in each of the six lagoon areas. The sediment dioxins concentration does not pose a significant risk to the selected fish species at the 90% protection target (HQ < 1), whereas risk is significant (HQ > 1) at the 99% protection target. Risk results were higher near the Porto Marghera industrial district, Italy, and in lagoon zones characterized by a low water‐exchange rate and freshwater basin inputs.
The role of the market potential in the port choice process : A case study

According to the theoretical postulates of the New Economic Geography, the ability of ports to attract traffic from the economic activity centres should be influenced by their geographical location regarding them. The aim of this paper is to test that hypothesis through the Spanish case study by introducing the concept of market potential in the analysis. For this purpose a double perspective is used: that of the province where the port is located and that of the province where the traffic is generated. The obtained results validate the stated hypothes is and open the door to very interesting queries about the planning of both the infrastructure map and the regional economic policy.
GROUND EFFECT MODELING FOR ROTARY-WING SIMULATION

The regimes of climb and descent with forward flight are important ingredients in the operation scenarios of both full-scale helicopters and small-scale rotary-wing vehicles as ground effect has a considerable influence on rotor performance. Within real-time simulations, when even trivial iterative process should be avoided, it is desired to have an explicit (i.e. non-iterative) expression for the induced velocity for all flight regimes, in or out ground effect (IGE, OGE). The current study presents a rotor wake modeling for the rotor inflow analysis in combined forward and axial flight for both IGE and OGE cases. The methodology is based on the modeling of the upwash induced by the ground at the rotor disk level. The results presented in this paper allow the implementation of the ground effect during realtime simulation.
1 THE DRAWBOTS

In 2005 an international, multi-disciplinary, inter-institutional group of researchers began a three-year research project that is attempting to use evolutionary and adaptive systems methodology (genetic algorithms, neural networks, etc.) to make an embodied robot that can exhibit creative behaviour by making marks or drawing (in the most general sense). The research is popularly known as the DrawBots Project. The research group is composed of computer and cognitive scientists, philosophers, artists, art theorists and historians. One outcome of the project will be a large-scale art installation of a group of DrawBots. Other outcomes will include the various research publications reflecting the vested interests of the group both as independent researchers and as a group. There are a number of motivations for the project including the production of machine-created art and the exploration of whether it is possible to develop (minimally) creative artificial agents and the research has two, mutually dependent, contextual frameworks. One concerns methodologies for making an agent that has the potential for manifesting autonomous creative behaviour. The second concerns methodologies for recognising such behaviour. Another emphasis is attempting to place this work in an art historical context. Amongst the key concepts that the project is examining are: personality, autonomy, value, signature, purpose, novelty, embodiment, social context, environmental interaction, ownership and so on.
Modeling and Characterization for Vibration

A methodology to correlate finite element (FE) models of component and circuit board assemblies, developed in ANSYS, with experimentally derived vibration characterization data, is described. The correlated models can be used to predict the response of assemblies under dynamic loading. The correlation procedure is based on modal measurements (natural frequency and mode shape information). This information is used to fine-tune the FE model (e.g., modify material properties and boundary conditions) of the assembly. This technique results in a methodical means for developing accurate models accounting for both actual material properties and boundary conditions. Using this methodology, mode shape and frequency estimates from the model are within a few percent of those measured for the test board used in this study. Moreover, the transmissibility during random vibration testing was also correlated with excellent accuracy. The developed model can be used to study strain, stress, and displacement for the assembly and can also be employed for studies involving stress in the solder joints to be used in conjunction with measured failure data to develop S-N curves for various solder alloys under dynamic loading.
Development of a Yeast Assay for Rapid Screening of Inhibitors of Human-Derived Pneumocystis carinii Dihydrofolate Reductase

ABSTRACT Human-derived Pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) was expressed in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain whose growth depends on complementation by this enzyme. We utilized a quantitative assay to measure the sensitivity of this yeast strain to DHFR inhibitors. This assay should be useful for identifying new inhibitors of human-derived P. carinii DHFR.
SCREW ANCHOR TEST PROGRAM ( Part I ) : INSTRUMENTATION , SITE CHARACTERIZATION AND INSTALLATION

Helical Anchors, also known as Screw Anchors, have been used in many engineering applications. They provide structural stability against axial compression, uplift, overturning, and lateral forces. Predicting the loading capacity of helical anchors installed in Alberta is difficult because of the complexity of the sediments found in Alberta due to the glacial history. Therefore, a testing program, including compression, tension, and lateral pile loading tests, was carried out on screw anchors installed in typical Alberta soil. The Cone Penetration test (CPT) was adopted as the site investigation method for determining the soil parameters within the soil profile. The program is focused on developing a more reliable approach that incorporates an in situ testing method (CPT) into the design. This paper presents the development of the field testing program including site characterization using CPT, instrumentation, and installation of the test anchors.
A REVIEW OF THE POTENTIAL CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON INSECT POPULATIONS – GENERAL AND AGRICULTURAL ASPECTS

Considering insect populations, we can see that climate change affects in many ways: it can cause a shift in geographical spread (Porter et al., 1991; Ward and Masters, 2007), abundance (Ayres and Lombardero, 2000; Olfert and Weiss, 2006) or diversity (Conrad et al., 2002; Feehan et al., 2009; Sharon et al., 2001), it can change the location, the timing and the magnitude of outbreaks of pests (Volney and Fleming, 2000), and it can define the phenological or even the genetic properties of the species (Gordo and Sanz, 2006; Klok and Chown, 2001; Parmesan, 2007). Long-time investigations of special insect populations, simulation models and scenario studies give us very important information about the response of the insects far away and near to our century. Getting to know the potential responses of insect populations to climate change makes us possible to evaluate the adaptation of pest management alternatives as well as to formulate our future management policy.
Preoperative Activity Level and Outcomes in Older Adult Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study

Preoperative Activity Level and Outcomes in Older Adult Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Pilot Study Don Howard Sorensen Jr. College of Nursing, BYU Master of Science Purpose: To assess the relationship between preoperative physical activity levels and health related quality of life on intraand post-hospital outcomes following scheduled cardiothoracic surgery in older adults. Rationale/Background: Adults age 50 and older tend to accumulate more sedentary time and are less physically active. Sedentary behavior is linked with early morbidity and death and may predispose patients to postoperative complications. Preoperative activity levels and its relationship to surgical outcomes is an underexplored area. Insight on this topic could influence how to optimize interventions prior to surgery to improve outcomes. Methods: Seven participants were fitted with an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer to measure preoperative activity levels for 1 week and complete the RAND Short Form-36 healthrelated quality of life tool. This process was then supposed to be repeated during the first and last weeks of cardiac rehabilitation (rehab). This information, along with demographics, was then correlated with information pulled from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons database on postsurgical outcomes and the 6-minute walk tests (6MWT) done during rehab. Results: The only statistically significant result was participants who experienced some type of intra-hospital complication also scored low in emotional wellbeing (r = -0.928, p = 0.003) as reflected in the quality of life score. Other findings with p values > 0.05 but < 0.1 were noted as “areas needing further exploration. ” Such areas for further exploration included: participants who spent more time in light physical activity reported less role limitations due to physical health (r = 0.864, p = 0.059), higher preoperative activity levels related to higher postoperative 6MWT (r = 0.830, p = 0.082), increased body mass index related to a decrease in postoperatively 6MWT (r = -0.869, p = 0.056). Implications: Exploring the relationship between preoperative activity levels and postsurgical outcomes could provide insight optimizing interventions before surgery to improve surgical success and rehab outcomes.