Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated Agent Decomposition for Classical Planning

Many real-world planning domains, including those used in common benchmark problems, are based on multiagent scenarios. It has long been recognised that breaking down such problems into sub-problems for individual agents may help reduce overall planning complexity. This kind of approach is especially effective in domains where interaction between agents is limited. In this paper we present a fully centralised, offline, sequential, total-order planning algorithm for solving classical planning problems based on this idea. This algorithm consists of an automated decomposition process and a heuristic search method designed specifically for decomposed domains. The decomposition method is part of a preprocessing step and can be used to determine the 'multiagent nature' of a planning problem prior to actual plan search. The heuristic search strategy is shown to effectively exploit any decompositions that are found and performs significantly better than current approaches on loosely coupled domains.
Adaptive 4PAM decision feedback equalizer with reduced number of slicers

This paper presents a comparative study of dual-adaptive DFE for 4PAM serial links with a reduced number of error slicers. Two set of SS-LMS DFE, one for optimal DFE tap coefficients and the other for optimal reference for error generation are employed. The data-dependent nonlinear characteristics of channels and their effect on the choice of the reference for error generation are investigated. We show that the data-dependent nonlinear characteristics of channels give rise to unequal voltage spacing between adjacent data symbols. We further show that the performance of DFE with only one reference is affected by the choice of the reference for error generation with the reference corresponding to D2D1 = 11 yielding the best performance. The theoretical findings are verified using the simulation results of a 2 Gbps serial link over a 10-inch FR4 channel designed in an IBM 130 nm CMOS technology.
Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group.

PURPOSE To update eligibility and outcome measures in trials that evaluate systemic treatment for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone. METHODS A committee of investigators experienced in conducting trials for prostate cancer defined new consensus criteria by reviewing previous criteria, Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), and emerging trial data. RESULTS The Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group (PCWG2) recommends a two-objective paradigm: (1) controlling, relieving, or eliminating disease manifestations that are present when treatment is initiated and (2) preventing or delaying disease manifestations expected to occur. Prostate cancers progressing despite castrate levels of testosterone are considered castration resistant and not hormone refractory. Eligibility is defined using standard disease assessments to authenticate disease progression, prior treatment, distinct clinical subtypes, and predictive models. Outcomes are reported independently for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), imaging, and clinical measures, avoiding grouped categorizations such as complete or partial response. In most trials, early changes in PSA and/or pain are not acted on without other evidence of disease progression, and treatment should be continued for at least 12 weeks to ensure adequate drug exposure. Bone scans are reported as "new lesions" or "no new lesions," changes in soft-tissue disease assessed by RECIST, and pain using validated scales. Defining eligibility for prevent/delay end points requires attention to estimated event frequency and/or random assignment to a control group. CONCLUSION PCWG2 recommends increasing emphasis on time-to-event end points (ie, failure to progress) as decision aids in proceeding from phase II to phase III trials. Recommendations will evolve as data are generated on the utility of intermediate end points to predict clinical benefit.
Publishing persistent grid computations as WS resources

Grid services can be composed into processes, providing a high level definition of the computations involved in terms of their data exchanges and control flow dependencies. In this paper we show how processes themselves can be efficiently published as grid services by mapping the persistent state of the process executions to standard compliant interfaces as defined by the Web Services Resource Framework (WS-RF). Mapping processes to resources is a fundamental step to enable recursive Grid service composition, where composite grid services are themselves published as services. This gives processes a standardized and well-understood interface that enables their management, monitoring, steering and adaptation. Additionally it eases their reusability and simplifies integration into existing grid applications and portals. In order to determine the mapping's overhead, we include the results of a comprehensive performance evaluation
Adaptive Resources of the Aging Self: Outlines of an Emergent Perspective

The transition to old age has often been related to loss of control, depression, and lowered self-esteem. A different picture, however, begins to emerge from recent age-comparative studies. Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings from two larger studies in the age range from middle to late adulthood are presented which indicate that elderly people, while being perceptive of age-related developmental losses, are quite effective in maintaining a sense of control and a positive view of self and personal development. It is argued that the apparent resiliency of the aging self hinges on the interplay between two basic processes: (1) instrumental activities that aim at preventing or alleviating developmental losses in domains that are relevant to the individual's self-esteem and identity; (2) accommodative processes by which personal goals and frames of self-evaluation are adjusted to changes in action resources and functional capacities. Evidence is presented in support of the assumption that with advancing age, accommodative processes become increasingly important aspects of coping and life-management.
Ghrelin Levels in Children with Constitutional Delay of Growth and Puberty

Objective: In this study, we aimed to show the role of ghrelin in growth delay in children with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Methods: Thirty male children with CDGP constituted the study group and fifteen healthy children with normal growth of similar ages−the control group. In both groups, fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin levels, serum insulin−like growth factor−1 (IGF−1) and IGF−binding protein−3 (IGFBP−3) levels were determined. Results: There were no differences in fasting and postprandial ghrelin levels (824.23±523.46 pg/mL and 447.26±259.92 pg/mL, respectively) in children with CDGP compared to the levels in the control group (687.38±481.43 pg/mL and 365.59±260.43 pg/mL, respectively; p>0.05). Differences in fasting and postprandial ghrelin levels were also similar in the two groups (394.44±369.10 pg/mL and 346.55±338.67 pg/mL, respectively; p>0.05). Serum IGF−1 levels were significantly depressed in children with CDGP compared to those in the control group (239.5±83.95 ng/mL and 339.20±63.08 ng/mL, respectively; p<0.05). Conclusion: Decreased appetite and feeding problems in children with CDGP were not related to depressed ghrelin levels. In addition, ghrelin levels did not increase to compensate for the decreased appetite and feeding problems in CDGP. Conflict of interest:None declared.
A robust traffic quantity measurement with video surveillance

Video and image processing have been used for traffic supervision, analysis and monitoring of traffic condition in many cities and urban areas. The system described in this paper aims to approach the precise method to obtain the traffic flow, time headway and traffic volume through a sequence of images captured with a stationary video camera. The method consists of three algorithms. First, background modeling and update, second, a boosting method to enhance the foreground image and reduce the noise and at last determining best match of region of interest (ROI) to extract information to conclude if there is a vehicle in the detection zone or not. Based on this structure, the traffic quantity measurement (TQM) algorithm is represented to compute the important parameters in traffic sense that will be useful for traffic condition observation and management as well. In this research, the traffic quantities such as time headway and traffic flow have been measured. The experimental result shows this method obtains traffic flow and time headway with around 91 of accuracy in shadow free area and can be used in real time condition.
Resonance damping techniques for grid-connected voltage source converters with LCL filters — A review

LCL filters play an important role in grid-connected converters when trying to reduce switching-frequency ripple currents injected into the grid. Besides, their small size and low cost make them attractive for many practical applications. However, the LCL filter is a third-order system, which presents a resonance peak frequency. Oscillation will occur in the control loop in high frequency ranges, especially in current loop in double-loops controlled converters. In order to solve this, many strategies have been proposed to damp resonance, including passive and active methods. This paper makes a review of these methods.
Dynamic Roles for Small RNAs and DNA Methylation during Ovule and Fiber Development in Allotetraploid Cotton

DNA methylation is essential for plant and animal development. In plants, methylation occurs at CG, CHG, and CHH (H = A, C or T) sites via distinct pathways. Cotton is an allotetraploid consisting of two progenitor genomes. Each cotton fiber is a rapidly-elongating cell derived from the ovule epidermis, but the molecular basis for this developmental transition is unknown. Here we analyzed methylome, transcriptome, and small RNAome and revealed distinct changes in CHH methylation during ovule and fiber development. In ovules, CHH hypermethylation in promoters correlated positively with siRNAs, inducing RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM), and up-regulation of ovule-preferred genes. In fibers, the ovule-derived cells generated additional heterochromatic CHH hypermethylation independent of RdDM, which repressed transposable elements (TEs) and nearby genes including fiber-related genes. Furthermore, CHG and CHH methylation in genic regions contributed to homoeolog expression bias in ovules and fibers. Inhibiting DNA methylation using 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in cultured ovules has reduced fiber cell number and length, suggesting a potential role for DNA methylation in fiber development. Thus, RdDM-dependent methylation in promoters and RdDM-independent methylation in TEs and nearby genes could act as a double-lock feedback mechanism to mediate gene and TE expression, potentiating the transition from epidermal to fiber cells during ovule and seed development.
Identity Statuses and Prosocial Behaviors in Young Adulthood: A Brief Report

Little is known about behavioral correlates of Marcia's (1966) identity statuses. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine links between identity statuses in young adulthood and three measures of prosocial behavior: community service, prosocial activities, and prosocial behavioral tendencies. The sample included 91 university students (age range 19–35, M = 21.89, SD = 3.01; 80% European American; 65% female). Scores on identity diffusion were negatively correlated with all three measures of prosocial behavior, whereas identity achievement was positively associated with these prosocial outcomes. In regression analyses, however, only identity achievement scores remained significantly related to the three prosocial behavior measures. Results suggest that identity development is related in important ways to prosocial behavior.
Minimizing Multimodular Functions and Allocating Capacity in Bike‐Sharing Systems

Station-based bike-sharing systems have changed the urban landscape of major American cities including New York City, Boston, Washington DC, and Chicago. In these systems, stations are capacitated: a station’s capacity is given by the number of docks it consists of. Each dock can either be filled with a bike or empty with the number of bikes at the station fluctuating throughout the day. Interestingly, in these systems, stockouts can occur both when stations are empty (making rentals impossible) and when stations are full (making returns impossible). Avoiding stockouts of either type is the most pressing operational concern faced by these systems. Our work on capacity management in bike-sharing systems studies the strategic question of how to size stations in these systems in order to minimize stockouts of either kind. Our findings suggest that reallocating a small portion of the capacity within a system is a cost-efficient way to significantly improve service levels.
Symbolic Framework for Linear Active Circuits Based on Port Equivalence Using Limit Variables

This paper proposes a new framework for linear active circuits that can encompass both circuit analysis and synthesis. The framework is based on a definition of port equivalence for admittance matrices. This is extended to cover circuits with ideal active elements through the introduction of a special type of limit-variable called the infinity-variable (infin-variable). A theorem is developed for matrices containing infin-variables that may be utilized in both circuit analysis and synthesis. The notation developed in this framework can describe nonideal elements as well as ideal elements and therefore the framework encompasses systematic circuit modeling
Yeast 14‐3‐3 proteins

14‐3‐3 proteins form a family of highly conserved proteins which are present in all eukaryotic organisms investigated, often in multiple isoforms, up to 13 in some plants. They interact with more than 200 different, mostly phosphorylated proteins. The molecular consequences of 14‐3‐3 binding are diverse: this binding may result in stabilization of the active or inactive phosphorylated form of the protein, to a conformational alteration leading to activation or inhibition, to a different subcellular localization, to the interaction with other proteins or to shielding of binding sites. The binding partners, and hence the 14‐3‐3 proteins, are involved in almost every cellular process and 14‐3‐3 proteins have been linked to several diseases, such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, the neurological Miller–Dieker and spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 diseases and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). The yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe both have two genes encoding 14‐3‐3 proteins, BMH1 and BMH2 and rad24 and rad25, respectively. In these yeasts, 14‐3‐3 proteins are essential in most laboratory strains. As in higher eukaryotes, yeast 14‐3‐3 proteins bind to numerous proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes. Recent genome‐wide studies on yeast strains with impaired 14‐3‐3 function support the participation of 14‐3‐3 proteins in numerous yeast cellular processes. Given the high evolutionary conservation of the 14‐3‐3 proteins, the experimental accessibility and relative simplicity of yeasts make them excellent model organisms for elucidating the function of the 14‐3‐3 protein family. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
P-LUPOSDATE: Using Precomputed Bloom Filters to Speed Up SPARQL Processing in the Cloud

Increasingly data on the Web is stored in the form of Semantic Web data. Because of today's information overload, it becomes very important to store and query these big datasets in a scalable way and hence in a distributed fashion. Cloud Computing offers such a distributed environment with dynamic reallocation of computing and storing resources based on needs. In this work we introduce a scalable distributed Semantic Web database in the Cloud. In order to reduce the number of (unnecessary) intermediate results early, we apply bloom filters. Instead of computing bloom filters, a time-consuming task during query processing as it has been done traditionally, we precompute the bloom filters as much as possible and store them in the indices besides the data. The experimental results with data sets up to 1 billion triples show that our approach speeds up query processing significantly and sometimes even reduces the processing time to less than half.
Dependability Analysis of Fault Tolerant Systems Based on Partial Dynamic Reconfiguration Implemented into FPGA

In this paper, a dependability analysis of fault tolerant systems implemented into the SRAM-based FPGA is presented. The fault tolerant architectures are based on the redundancy of functional units associated with a concurrent error detection technique which uses the principles of partial dynamic reconfiguration as a recovery mechanism from a fault occurrence. Architectures are tested by injecting soft errors into partial bitstream in FPGA by an SEU injector and the faults coverage of this architecture is obtained. From faults coverage, the failure rate and repair rate are evaluated. Then, for fault tolerant architecture Markov dependability models are created and how the reliability and availability parameters derived from this model for different configurations of architectures and faulty modules is demonstrated. The reliability analysis results are then shown.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension

Authors/Task Force Members: Nazzareno Galiè (Chairperson) (Italy)*; Marius M. Hoeper (Germany); Marc Humbert (France); Adam Torbicki (Poland); Jean-Luc Vachiery (France); Joan Albert Barbera (Spain); Maurice Beghetti (Switzerland); Paul Corris (UK); Sean Gaine (Ireland); J. Simon Gibbs (UK); Miguel Angel Gomez-Sanchez (Spain); Guillaume Jondeau (France); Walter Klepetko (Austria) Christian Opitz (Germany); Andrew Peacock (UK); Lewis Rubin (USA); Michael Zellweger (Switzerland); Gerald Simonneau (France)
Asymptotic expansion and error exponent for two-phase feedback codes on DMCs

This paper studies variable-length coding with noise-less feedback for discrete memoryless channels. Yamamoto and Itoh's two-phase scheme achieves the optimal error-exponent, but due to the block-coding nature it is not optimal in the expansion of the message size logM. Polyanskiy et al. showed that with feedback, the back-off from capacity is logarithmic in the expected latency ℓ. The O(log ℓ) back-off is achieved by using an incremental redundancy (IR) scheme that only utilizes feedback to determine the stopping time. However, the achievable error-exponent of the IR scheme is not optimal. This paper shows that a two-phase coding scheme where each phase uses an IR scheme achieves the optimal error-exponent while maintaining an expansion on the message size that yields the O(log ℓ) back-off.
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of rhizoxin.

Rhizoxin is a tubulin-binding cytotoxic compound, isolated from the fungus Rhizopus chinensis, with significant antineoplastic activity in several murine and human tumor models. In this Phase I study, the drug was administered by i.v. bolus injection at 3-wk intervals. Twenty-four patients with refractory solid tumors were treated; 60 courses of rhizoxin were given, at doses ranging from 0.8 to 2.6 mg/m2. Grade 3 mucositis, Grade 4 leukopenia, and Grade 3 diarrhea were dose limiting but reversible at 2.6 mg/m2, the maximum tolerated dose for both previously untreated and heavily pretreated patients. Alopecia and moderate discomfort at the injection site occurred at all doses. Other sequelae, including peripheral neuropathy, phlebitis, and nausea and vomiting, were sporadic and mild. Two heavily pretreated patients with recurrent breast cancer had minor responses to rhizoxin, one at 1.6 mg/m2 and the other at 2.6 mg/m2. Plasma concentrations of rhizoxin were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The drug was not detectable (less than 5 ng/ml) at doses of 0.8 mg/m2 and 1.6 mg/m2 and was not measurable 10 min after injection at 2.0 mg/m2. At 2.6 mg/m2, there was considerable intersubject variation in the plasma concentration-time profiles; the area under the curve ranged from 0.29 to 0.96 microgram/ml.min. Rhizoxin has shown some clinical activity in this Phase I study, and a dose of 2.0 mg/m2 is recommended for Phase II studies using this schedule.
Compensatory dynamics are rare in natural ecological communities

In population ecology, there has been a fundamental controversy about the relative importance of competition-driven (density-dependent) population regulation vs. abiotic influences such as temperature and precipitation. The same issue arises at the community level; are population sizes driven primarily by changes in the abundances of cooccurring competitors (i.e., compensatory dynamics), or do most species have a common response to environmental factors? Competitive interactions have had a central place in ecological theory, dating back to Gleason, Volterra, Hutchison and MacArthur, and, more recently, Hubbell's influential unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography. If competitive interactions are important in driving year-to-year fluctuations in abundance, then changes in the abundance of one species should generally be accompanied by compensatory changes in the abundances of others. Thus, one necessary consequence of strong compensatory forces is that, on average, species within communities will covary negatively. Here we use measures of community covariance to assess the prevalence of negative covariance in 41 natural communities comprising different taxa at a range of spatial scales. We found that species in natural communities tended to covary positively rather than negatively, the opposite of what would be expected if compensatory dynamics were important. These findings suggest that abiotic factors such as temperature and precipitation are more important than competitive interactions in driving year-to-year fluctuations in species abundance within communities.
Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research agenda and recommendations for priority research.

Globally tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease second only to HIV/AIDS. Estimates suggest that approximately one-third of the worlds population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis the microbe that causes TB and approximately 10% of infected individuals will develop active TB at some point in their lives. For individuals also infected with HIV the likelihood of developing active TB after infection is much higher. In 2006 approximately 9.2 million people globally developed active TB and it is estimated that 1.7 million people died as a result of TB including 200000 HIV-infected individuals. Although estimates suggest that the rates of new cases and deaths due to TB show signs of slowing throughout the world recent increases in rates of drug-resistant TB have the potential to reverse these gains. (excerpt)