Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic Management of Radiation-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

The incidence of nausea and vomiting after radiotherapy is often underestimated by physicians, though some 50–80% of patients may experience these symptoms. The occurrence of radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV) will depend on radiotherapy-related factors, such as the site of irradiation, the dosing, fractionation, irradiated volume, and radiotherapy techniques. Patients should receive antiemetic prophylaxis as suggested by the international antiemetic guidelines based upon a risk assessment, taking especially into account the affected anatomic region and the planned radiotherapy regimen. In this field the international guidelines from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC)/European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines as well as the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) are widely endorsed. The emetogenicity of radiotherapy regimens and recommendations for the appropriate use of antiemetics including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, steroids, and other antiemetics will be reviewed in regard to the applied radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy regimen.
Study of Interactive Feedback During Mediated Information Retrieval

Feedback is a fundamental concept within the physical and the social sciences with its modern origins drawn from cybernetics. Information science is exploring feedback as a key component in the interactive model of information retrieval (IR). This article reports results from a study exploring the information retrieval and types of interactive feedback during mediated IR. Five different types of interactive feedback were identified, extending the interactive IR model to include relevance, magnitude, and strategy interactive feedback. Implications for further research investigating the nature and models of interactive feedback in information retrieval are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
European Union Foreign Policy and the Global Climate Regime

ADP Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action AGBM Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate AOSIS Alliance of Small-Island States APP Asia-Pacif ic Partnership on Clean Development and Climate Change APEC Asia-Pacif ic Economic Cooperation Art. Article AWG Ad Hoc Working Group AWG-KP Ad Hoc Working Group on the Kyoto Protocol AWG-LCA Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-Term Cooperative Action BAPA Buenos Aires Plan of Action BASIC Brazil, South Africa, India, China BRIC Brazil, Russia, India, China CA Copenhagen Accord CBDR Common but differentiated responsibilities CDM Clean Development Mechanism CFSP Common Foreign and Security Policy COP Conference of the parties COW Committee of the Whole DG Directorate-General EC European Community EGFA Expert Group on Further Action ENB Earth Negotiations Bulletin ENGOs Environmental non-governmental organisations EP European Parliament ETS Emissions Trading System EU European Union FAR Fourth Assessment Report
Draft Genome Sequence of Citrobacter rodentium DBS100 (ATCC 51459), a Primary Model of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Virulence

ABSTRACT Citrobacter rodentium is a Gram-negative bacterium which causes transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia and models the virulence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in vivo. Thus, C. rodentium is used to study human gastrointestinal disease. We present the draft genome sequence of C. rodentium strain ATCC 51459, also known as DBS100.
The Distribution of Bar and Spiral Arm Strengths in Disk Galaxies

The distribution of bar strengths in disk galaxies is a fundamental property of the galaxy population that has only begun to be explored. We have applied the bar-spiral separation method of Buta and coworkers to derive the distribution of maximum relative gravitational bar torques, Qb, for 147 spiral galaxies in the statistically well-defined Ohio State University Bright Galaxy Survey (OSUBGS) sample. Our goal is to examine the properties of bars as independently as possible of their associated spirals. We find that the distribution of bar strength declines smoothly with increasing Qb, with more than 40% of the sample having Qb ≤ 0.1. In the context of recurrent bar formation, this suggests that strongly barred states are relatively short-lived compared to weakly barred or nonbarred states. We do not find compelling evidence for a bimodal distribution of bar strengths. Instead, the distribution is fairly smooth in the range 0.0 ≤ Qb < 0.8. Our analysis also provides a first look at spiral strengths Qs in the OSUBGS sample, based on the same torque indicator. We are able to verify a possible weak correlation between Qs and Qb, in the sense that galaxies with the strongest bars tend to also have strong spirals.
The Soft-SixthFinger: a Wearable EMG Controlled Robotic Extra-Finger for Grasp Compensation in Chronic Stroke Patients

This letter presents the Soft-SixthFinger, a wearable robotic extra-finger designed to be used by chronic stroke patients to compensate for the missing hand function of their paretic limb. The extra-finger is an underactuated modular structure worn on the paretic forearm by means of an elastic band. The device and the paretic hand/arm act like the two parts of a gripper working together to hold an object. The patient can control the flexion/extension of the robotic finger through the eCap, an electromyography-based (EMG) interface embedded in a cap. The user can control the device by contracting the frontalis muscle. Such contraction can be achieved simply moving his or her eyebrows upwards. The Soft-SixthFinger has been designed as tool that can be used by chronic stroke patients to compensate for grasping in many activities of daily living (ADL). It can be wrapped around the wrist and worn as a bracelet when not used. The light weight and the complete wireless connection with the EMG interface guarantee a high portability and wearability. We tested the device with qualitative experiments involving six chronic stroke patients. Results show that the proposed system significantly improves the performances of the patients in the proposed tests and, more in general, their autonomy in ADL.
Genotype-by-Diet Interactions Drive Metabolic Phenotype Variation in Drosophila melanogaster

The rising prevalence of complex disease suggests that alterations to the human environment are increasing the proportion of individuals who exceed a threshold of liability. This might be due either to a global shift in the population mean of underlying contributing traits, or to increased variance of such underlying endophenotypes (such as body weight). To contrast these quantitative genetic mechanisms with respect to weight gain, we have quantified the effect of dietary perturbation on metabolic traits in 146 inbred lines of Drosophila melanogaster and show that genotype-by-diet interactions are pervasive. For several metabolic traits, genotype-by-diet interactions account for far more variance (between 12 and 17%) than diet alone (1–2%), and in some cases have as large an effect as genetics alone (11–23%). Substantial dew point effects were also observed. Larval foraging behavior was found to be a quantitative trait exhibiting significant genetic variation for path length (P = 0.0004). Metabolic and fitness traits exhibited a complex correlation structure, and there was evidence of selection minimizing weight under laboratory conditions. In addition, a high fat diet significantly increases population variance in metabolic phenotypes, suggesting decreased robustness in the face of dietary perturbation. Changes in metabolic trait mean and variance in response to diet indicates that shifts in both population mean and variance in underlying traits could contribute to increases in complex disease.
Semantic associations and confluences in paradigmatic networks

In this article, we hypothesize that some of the structural properties of paradigmatic graphs of the hierarchical small world type are to be found in all natural languages. Within this hypothesis of the universal structure of paradigmatic graphs, we explore a method for the automatic analysis of semantic groupings in order to distinguish, on typological and cognitive levels, which groupings are universal, and which are more limited geographically, genetically or culturally.
Troubled Times: U.S.-Japan Trade Relations in the 1990s

In this book, Edward J. Lincoln tackles the thorny issue of U.S. trade relations with Japan, the subject of so much tension in the 1990s. In so doing, he builds on his earlier Brookings book, Japan's Unequal Trade . Lincoln argues that statistical evidence shows only modest progress in diminishing Japan's "distinctiveness. " Despite an upturn in the mid-1990s, import penetration, intra-industry trade, and inward foreign direct investment all remain low relative to most other nations. High profile negotiating efforts by both the Bush and Clinton administrations made progress in chipping away at protectionist barriers but fundamental problems remain. While Lincoln offers suggestions on what needs to be done by both sides, the most important lesson drawn from recent experience is that expectations should be lowered. Any feasible approach to making markets more open in Japan is likely to yield slow progress. Such realism--not to be confused with defeatism--is the only approach that has any chance of realizing gains over time.
Commentary: Accounting Schism or Synthesis? A Challenge for the Conditional‐Normative Approach*

This paper explains the conditional-normative accounting methodology (CoNAM) and its origin, offering a comparison of the normative, positive, and conditional-normative approaches. It also discusses the difference between the pragmatic versus a more scientific treatment of CoNAM. However, the main thrust of the paper is directed toward the schism in academic accounting between the positive accounting theory (PAT) and the critical interpretive view (CIV). To better understand CIV, the paper attempts to explain the philosophic roots that reach from Husserl and some Marxist writers to Foucault, Derrida, and Baudrillard. This schism seems to call for a new synthesis that avoids extreme positions but draws upon insights from both camps. In this search, CoNAM might be helpful by exploring means-end relations and connecting value judgements to accounting theory in a fairly “objective” way.
Opinion sentence classification in Indonesian review document

Opinion sentence classification in Indonesian review document has never been done yet, considering special characteristics of review document that we found in this research. Among others are the sentence type in the review document, complex sentence structure, non standard sentence pattern, non formal vocabulary, excessive punctuation usage and many mixing language. The aim of this research is to provide necessary process for opinion sentence classification in an Indonesia language review document regardless of only few low accuracy NLP (Natural Language Processing) tools available for Indonesian language. Opinion sentence classification in this research is done with sentiment and subject detection approach in sentence. By locating sentiment word in sentence and determining whether the clause subject is considered as the frequent subject which is often subjected to an opinion, one could determine whether the sentence is an opinion expression or not. The proposed opinion sentence classification require two processes: the subject accumulation to accumulate relevant subject words automatically; and sentiment classification to classify sentence as opinion sentence or not. Accuracy of the experiment (using precision score) of the method proposed on the opinion sentence classification is up to 87%.
An Unsupervised Boosting Learning Algorithm for Finite Mixture Model-based Image Segmentation

Finite normal mixture model-based image segmentation techniques can produce robust segmentation results. But the EM algorithm used for learning mixture parameters is very sensitive to initialization. Estimating the number of components and the optimal model parameters inevitably brings a heavy computation burden. In the view of boosting learning, the paper gives a weighted EM algorithm, which is a simple extension to traditional EM algorithm. Using the parameters estimated by the standard EM algorithm as feedback, a resampling-like technique can focus the EM algorithm on those samples which are incorrectly clustered. The experiment results show that the image segmentation results are insensitive to initialization and the number of classes to a certain extent.
An algorithm for task-based application composition

Task-based computing paradigm enables new kinds of mobile applications which are composed by networking services and heterogeneous resources. These applications use explicit user task descriptions to bind resources at runtime, thus making it easier to achieve application adaptation in changing context. In this paper, we will present an algorithm for application composition which performs resource allocation in real time according to user requirements. We will present a resource model and a system architecture for dynamic application composition. We will focus on the implementation of an application composition algorithm and demonstrate preliminary testing results.
Intrinsic Areal Organization in the Individual Brain : Unique and Reliable

Resting state fMRI (R-fMRI) is a powerful in-vivo tool for examining the functional architecture of the human brain. Recent studies have demonstrated the ability to characterize transitions between functionally distinct cortical areas through the mapping of gradients in intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) profiles. To date, this novel approach has primarily been applied to iFC profiles averaged across groups of individuals, or in one case, a single individual scanned multiple times. Here, we used a publically available R-fMRI dataset, in which 30 healthy participants were scanned 10 times (10 minutes per session), to investigate differences in full-brain transition profiles (i.e., gradient maps, edge maps) across individuals, and their reliability. Despite similarities, we found individual-specific variations in transition zone properties, which were repeatable over time. Reliability of individual-specific variations increased with number of time points; however, even with only 10 minutes, individuals were nearly always distinguishable from one another. Higher-order networks exhibited greater betweenindividual variation for transition profiles, while sensory and motor networks exhibited greater withinindividual variation. The gradients defined using alternative iFC measures revealed similar but distinct gradient profiles for each. These results illustrate the utility of gradient-based iFC approaches for studying inter-individual variation in brain function. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not . http://dx.doi. org/10.1101/035790 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 12, 2016;
Analyzing Scalable High-Performance I/O Architectures

In this paper we present a tool to perform analysis of High Performance Applications, which make a great amount of I/O operation, on large storage networks. In order to perform those analyses we have developed SIMCAN, a simulation tool to analyze High-Performance I/O Architectures. Storage subsystem performance is one of the major concerns that arise on large storage networks. Major requirements for storage networks are scalability and performance. In those kinds of networks, defining an architecture that satisfies those requirements is a very difficult task. With SIMCAN, custom environments can be configured and deployed on a flexible and easy way. In fact, the most interesting features of this simulation tool are its flexibility and scalability, so the simulation of distributed storage environments can be performed with the required detail level. Thus, in order to evaluate the benefits and the accuracy of the proposed tool, we have tested it with a typical high performance application, and compared the results of the simulated architecture with the real one.
A multidimensional analysis of Aslib proceedings - using everything but the impact factor

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that the journal impact factor (IF) is not able to reflect the full impact of scholarly journals and provides an overview of alternative and complementary methods in journal evaluation. Design/methodology/approach – Aslib Proceedings (AP) is exemplarily analyzed with a set of indicators from five dimensions of journal evaluation, i.e. journal output, content, perception and usage, citations and management to accurately reflect its various strengths and weaknesses beyond the IF. Findings – AP has become more international in terms of authors and more diverse regarding its topics. Citation impact is generally low and, with the exception of a special issue on blogs, remains world average. However, an evaluation of downloads and Mendeley readers reveals that the journal is an important source of information for professionals and students and certain topics are frequently read but not cited. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to one journal.
Results from solar reflective band end-to-end testing for VIIRS F1 sensor using T-SIRCUS

Verification of the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) End-to-End (E2E) sensor calibration is highly recommended before launch, to identify any anomalies and to improve our understanding of the sensor onorbit calibration performance. E2E testing of the Reflective Solar Bands (RSB) calibration cycle was performed pre-launch for the VIIRS Flight 1 (F1) sensor at the Ball Aerospace facility in Boulder CO in March 2010. VIIRS reflective band calibration cycle is very similar to heritage sensor MODIS in that solar illumination, via a diffuser, is used to correct for temporal variations in the instrument responsivity. Monochromatic light from the NIST T-SIRCUS (Traveling Spectral Irradiance and Radiance Responsivity Calibrations using Uniform Sources) was used to illuminate both the Earth View (EV), via an integrating sphere, and the Solar Diffuser (SD) view, through a collimator. The collimator illumination was cycled through a series of angles intended to simulate the range of possible angles for which solar radiation will be incident on the solar attenuation screen on-orbit. Ideally, the measured instrument responsivity (defined here as the ratio of the detector response to the at-sensor radiance) should be the same whether the EV or SD view is illuminated. The ratio of the measured responsivities was determined at each collimator angle and wavelength. In addition, the Solar Diffuser Stability Monitor (SDSM), a ratioing radiometer designed to track the temporal variation in the SD Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) by direct comparison to solar radiation, was illuminated by the collimator. The measured SDSM ratio was compared to the predicted ratio. An uncertainty analysis was also performed on both the SD and SDSM calibrations.
An Efficient Identity-based Signcryption from Lattice

Signcryption is a cryptographic primitive that can provide valid solution for authentication and confidentiality. In this paper, an efficient identity-based signcryption scheme from lattice was proposed. Our scheme based on Macciancio and Piekert’s trapdoor generation method and delegate algorithm for lattice. Our main idea is that establish the identity-based system master key via trapdoor generation method for lattice, and extract user’s key by trapdoor delegate algorithm. With the aid of random oracle, we prove that the proposed scheme has CCA security under the learning with errors (LWE) assumption and unforgeability against adaptive chosen messages attacks under the small integer solution (SIS) assumption. Comparison with signature-then-encryption approach shows that our scheme is efficient.
Design of a Semantic Resources Sharing Framework for Structured P2P Networks

Structured P2P systems can locate a resource by the unique identifier of the resource using distributed hash table. So users must know the identifier of a resource exactly to retrieve the resource in such systems. In addition, because of the variety and complexity of resources, a resource can not be described exactly and integrally only with an identifier, but needs multiple properties. Using metadata of resources, a semantic resources sharing framework for structured P2P networks is given in this paper. In this framework, inverted indexes are constructed with multiple properties of resources, hashed and placed into proper nodes based on DHT when publishing resources; multiple property values are given and hashed to corresponding nodes using DHT and matched inverted indexes are collected and joined when searching for resources. Some extra technologies such as synonym library, virtual nodes, inverted indexes compression, and so on are also used to improve the sharing flexibility and semantics.
Bayesian Analysis of Demand Elasticity in the Italian Electricity Market

The liberalization of the Italian electricity market is a decade old. Within these last ten years, the supply side has been extensively analyzed, but not the demand side. The aim of this paper is to provide a new method for estimation of the demand elasticity, based on Bayesian methods applied to the Italian electricity market. We used individual demand bids data in the day-ahead market in the Italian Power Exchange (IPEX), for 2011, in order to construct an aggregate demand function at the hourly level. We took into account the existence of both elastic and inelastic bidders on the demand side. The empirical results show that elasticity varies significantly during the day and across periods of the year. In addition, the elasticity hourly distribution is clearly skewed and more so in the daily hours. The Bayesian method is a useful tool for policy-making, insofar as the regulator can start with a priori historical information on market behavior and estimate actual market outcomes in response to new policy actions.