Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the TP 53 Region and Susceptibility to Invasive Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

The p53 protein is critical for multiple cellular functions including cell growth and DNA repair. We assessed whether polymorphisms in the region encoding TP53 were associated with risk of invasive ovarian cancer. The study population includes a total of 5,206 invasive ovarian cancer cases (2,829 of which were serous) and 8,790 controls from 13 case-control or nested case-control studies participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC). Three of the studies performed independent discovery investigations involving genotyping of up to 23 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the TP53 region. Significant findings from this discovery phase were followed up for replication in the other OCAC studies. Mixed effects logistic regression was used to generate posterior median per allele odds ratios (OR), 95% probability intervals (PI), and Bayes factors (BF) for genotype associations. Five SNPs showed significant associations with risk in one or more of the discovery investigations and were followed up by OCAC. Mixed effects analysis confirmed associations with serous invasive cancers for two correlated (r = 0.62) SNPs: rs2287498 (median per allele OR, 1.30; 95% PI, 1.07–1.57) and rs12951053 (median per allele OR, 1.19; 95% PI, 1.01–1.38). Analyses of other histologic subtypes suggested similar associations with endometrioid but not with mucinous or clear cell cancers. This large study provides statistical evidence for a small increase in risk of ovarian cancer associated with common variants in the TP53 region. [Cancer Res 2009;69(6):2349–57]
Budgeted Prediction with Expert Advice

We consider a budgeted variant of the problem of learning from expert advice with N experts. Each queried expert incurs a cost and there is a given budget B on the total cost of experts that can be queried in any prediction round. We provide an online learning algorithm for this setting with regret after T prediction rounds bounded by O(sqrt(C log(N)T/B)), where C is the total cost of all experts. We complement this upper bound with a nearly matching lower bound Omega(sqrt(CT/B)) on the regret of any algorithm for this problem. We also provide experimental validation of our algorithm.
Resonance Raman spectra of carbon nanotubes by cross-polarized light.

Resonance Raman studies on single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) show that resonance with cross polarized light, i.e., with the E(mu,mu+/-1) van Hove singularities in the joint density of states needs to be taken into account when analyzing the Raman and optical absorption spectra from isolated SWNTs. This study is performed by analyzing the polarization, laser energy, and diameter dependence of two Raman features, the tangential modes (G band) and a second-order mode (G' band), at the isolated SWNT level.
Breast Cancer Survival among Economically Disadvantaged Women: The Influences of Delayed Diagnosis and Treatment on Mortality

Breast cancer affects thousands each year in the United States, and disproportionately affects certain subgroups. For example, the incidence of breast cancer in South Carolina is lower in African American compared with European American women by ∼12% to 15%, but their mortality rate is twice as high as in European American women. The purpose of the study was to assess factors associated with breast cancer mortality between African American and European American women. Participants (n = 314) in South Carolina's Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (SCBCCEDP), which provides breast cancer screening and treatment services, during the years 1996-2004 were included in the study. Data, including tumor characteristics, delay intervals, and race, were examined using the χ2 test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Cox regression modeling was used to assess the relationship between delay intervals and other factors. No racial differences were found in age at diagnosis, tumor characteristics, or delay intervals. Time delay intervals did not explain differences and mortality rates by race. Survival, however, was affected by prognostic factors as well as by a significant interaction between hormone-receptor status and race. Despite the excellent record of the SCBCCEDP in screening and diagnostic or treatment referrals, the racial disparities in breast cancer mortality continue to exist in South Carolina. These findings highlight the need for future research into the etiology of racial differences, and their impact on breast cancer survival. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(10):2882–90)
Gravity , and the Cosmological Constant

We study the low energy effective action S of gravity, induced by integrating out gauge and matter fields, in a general class of RS-type string compactification scenarios with exponential warp factors. Our method combines dimensional reduction with the holographic map between between 5-d supergravity and 4-d large N field theory. Using the classical supergravity approximation, we derive a flow equation of the effective action S that controls its behavior under scale transformations. We find that as a result each extremum of S automatically describes a complete RG trajectory of classical solutions. This implies that, provided the cosmological constant is canceled in the high energy theory, classical flat space backgrounds naturally remain stable under the RG-flow. The mechanism responsible for this stability is that the non-zero vacuum energy generated by possible phase transitions, is absorbed by a dynamical adjustment of the contraction rate of the warp factor.
Pharmacological and Structure-Activity Relationship Evaluation of 4-aryl-1-Diphenylacetyl(thio)semicarbazides

This article describes the synthesis of six 4-aryl-(thio)semicarbazides (series a and b) linked with diphenylacetyl moiety along with their pharmacological evaluation on the central nervous system in mice and computational studies, including conformational analysis and electrostatic properties. All thiosemicarbazides (series b) were found to exhibit strong antinociceptive activity in the behavioural model. Among them, compound 1-diphenylacetyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)thiosemicarbazide 1b was found to be the most potent analgesic agent, whose activity is connected with the opioid system. For compounds from series a significant anti-serotonergic effect, especially for compound 1-diphenylacetyl-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)semicarbazide 2b was observed. The computational studies strongly support the obtained results.
Adapting cache line size to application behavior

A cache line size has a significant effect on miss rate and memory traffic. Today’s computers use a fixed line size, typically 32B, which may not be optimal for a given application. Optimal size may also change during application execution. This paper describes a cache in which the line (fetch) size is continuously adjusted by hardware based on observed application accesses to the line. The approach can improve the miss rate, even over the optimal for the fixed line size, as well as significantly reduce the memory traffic.
( BV , L 2 ) Multiscale Hierarchical Decomposition : Modes and Rates of Convergence

Tadmor, Nezzar and Vese [Eitan Tadmor, Suzanne Nezzar, and Luminita Vese. A multiscale image representation using hierarchical (BV, L2) decompositions. Multiscale Model. Simul. , 2(4):554–579, 2004. ] developed a total variation based multiscale method for decomposing a function f ∈ BV into a countable set of features {uk : k = 0, 1, 2 . } associated to a sequence of dyadic scales {λk = λ02−k : k = 0, 1, 2, . } such that for each k, [uk+1, vk+1] = arg min{λk|Du| + ‖v‖L2 : u + v = f }. They showed that f = ∑∞ k=0 uk in L 2(Ω) and strongly in W−1,∞(Ω). In this paper, we study the convergence of the series ∞ ∑ k=0 uk in the weak*, strict and normed topologies of the space of functions with bounded variation. We show that in general, the convergence of the series f = ∞ ∑ k=0 uk in any of the three topologies of BV is conditioned by its rate of convergence in L2, and prove that the convergence in L2 is geometric.
Bounded control of a full-exoskeleton device with four (4) Degree of Freedom

This study deals with the bounded control of a lower limb exoskeleton having four (4) Degree of Freedom (DoF), which are located at hips and knees joint level. It is intended to be used as a rehabilitative device for individuals with hip or knee joint impairments. The rehabilitation protocol entails using Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) to design rhythmic movement close to that of the human gait. In order to remedy the drawback associated with CPGs which is characterised by the inability to choose specified initial conditions for the generated trajectories, the use of time polynomial functions is employed to approximate the joint angle profile generated. This gait is meant to be tracked by the user under the influence of a controller. The control torque is envisaged to ensure a proper trajectory following of the exoskeleton for the flexion/extension movements of the hip and knee within the range of motion associated with walking. With this approach, the wearer is completely passive. Using a bounded controller further protect the user and the device by ensuring the actuator's physical limits are not exceeded. Simulation results with the aid of Matlab/Simulink does help validate the proposed assertion.
The Retinitis Pigmentosa 1 Protein Is a Photoreceptor Microtubule-Associated Protein

The outer segments of rod and cone photoreceptor cells are highly specialized sensory cilia made up of hundreds of membrane discs stacked into an orderly array along the photoreceptor axoneme. It is not known how the alignment of the outer segment discs is controlled, although it has been suggested that the axoneme may play a role in this process. Mutations in the retinitis pigmentosa 1 (RP1) gene are a common cause of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Disruption of the Rp1 gene in mice causes misorientation of outer segment discs, suggesting a role for RP1 in outer segment organization. Here, we show that the RP1 protein is part of the photoreceptor axoneme. Amino acids 28-228 of RP1, which share limited homology with the microtubule-binding domains of the neuronal microtubule-associated protein (MAP) doublecortin, mediate the interaction between RP1 and microtubules, indicating that the putative doublecortin (DCX) domains in RP1 are functional. The N-terminal portion of RP1 stimulates the formation of microtubules in vitro and stabilizes cytoplasmic microtubules in heterologous cells. Evaluation of photoreceptor axonemes from mice with targeted disruptions of the Rp1 gene shows that Rp1 proteins that contain the DCX domains also help control axoneme length and stability in vivo. These results demonstrate that RP1 is a MAP. Given the specific expression of RP1 in photoreceptors, RP1 is thus the first photoreceptor-specific MAP to be identified. Furthermore, these findings indicate that the RP1 form of inherited retinal degeneration is part of the larger class of neurodegenerative diseases caused by MAP dysfunction.
The assessment of stressor exposure.

The aim of this chapter is to review and integrate methodological research on naturalistic assessment in order to provide a framework for researchers and practitioners to choose among different categories of stressor measurement. Naturalistic stressor assessment falls into four general categories of measurement: life events stress appraisal chronic stress and daily hassles. First we discuss the history and current state of each of these measurement strategies commenting on situations where their use is more appropriate. The review is necessarily brief: for more detailed information regarding methodological and technical matters readers should consult two recent reviews of stressor measurement and theory (Kessler 1997; Herbert & Cohen 1995). Throughout we highlight how creative integration of one or more strategies can lead to further methodological advance in the naturalistic measurement of stress processes. (excerpt)
IoT-enabled Channel Selection approach for WBANs

Recent advances in microelectronics have enabled the realization of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). However, the massive growth in wireless devices and the push for interconnecting these devices to form an Internet of Things (IoT) can be challenging for WBANs; hence robust communication is necessary through careful medium access arbitration. In this paper, we propose a new protocol to enable WBAN operation within an IoT. Basically, we leverage the emerging Bluetooth Low Energy technology (BLE) and promote the integration of a BLE transceiver and a Cognitive Radio module (CR) within the WBAN coordinator. Accordingly, a BLE informs WBANs through announcements about the frequency channels that are being used in their vicinity. To mitigate interference, the superframe's active period is extended to involve not only a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) frame, but also a Flexible Channel Selection (FCS) and a Flexible Backup TDMA (FBTDMA) frames. The WBAN sensors that experience interference on the default channel within the TDMA frame will eventually switch to another Interference Mitigation Channel (IMC). With the help of CR, an IMC is selected for a WBAN and each interfering sensor will be allocated a time-slot within the (FBTDMA) frame to retransmit using such IMC.
Prediction for Magnitude of Short Circuit Current in Power Distribution System Based on ANN

With the growth seen by power systems lately, short circuits have become some of the most common and damaging power system failures. Accurate forecasting of short circuit faults and predicting for magnitude of short circuit current are becoming increasingly important. Power system short circuit fault research is a basic technological problem, but at the same time a rather difficult one, which has played an important role in the design of smart grids. The introduction of ANN prediction has led to improved results over prior art fault diagnosis technologies. Although it has been employed with good results in various fields, reports of its application in power distribution short-circuit current prediction are rather limited. This article introduces the ANN theory in the sphere of short-circuit current prediction in power distribution systems. The prediction model formulated shall serve as theoretical foundation for the design of intelligent switching equipment, with global and selective protection, very likely to be found in future smart grids.
Design principles for accurate passive measurement

telecommunications traffic are described. This work has occurred as part of the WAND project which aims to provide large and reliable teletraffic traces. It is argued that to achieve this, special purpose hardware as well as careful attention to the details of measurement are required. The design of a series of measurement boards operating up to OC-48 is detailed. Experiences with using these boards are described and contrasted with experiences using software based measurement on standard PCs. The uses to which the traces are put are briefly alluded to and lessons for the measurement process drawn from them. The conclusion drawn from our experiences is that standard hardware and operating systems have fundamentally different aims from measurement and can only be used if great care is taken.
Autoregressive moving average modeling of late reverberation in the frequency domain

In this paper, the late part of a room response is modeled in the frequency domain as a complex Gaussian random process. The autocovariance function (ACVF) and power spectral density (PSD) are theoretically defined from the exponential decay of the late reverberation power. Furthermore we show that the ACVF and PSD are accurately parametrized by an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. This leads to a new generative model of late reverberation in the frequency domain. The ARMA parameters are easily estimated from the theoretical ACVF. The statistical characterization is consistent with empirical results on simulated and real data. This model could be used to incorporate priors in audio source separation and dereverberation.
Trade Facilitation and Economic Development: Measuring the Impact

The authors analyze the relationship between trade facilitation, trade flows, and GDP per capita in the Asia-Pacific region for the goods sector. They define and measure trade facilitation using four broad indicators. These are constructed using country-specific data for port efficiency, customs environment, regulatory environment, and electronic-business usage. They estimate the relationship between these indicators and trade flows using a gravity model. The model includes tariffs and other standard variables. The authors find that enhanced port efficiency has a large and positive effect on trade. Regulatory barriers deter trade. The results also suggest that improvements in customs and greater electronic-business use significantly expands trade, but to a lesser degree than the effect of ports or regulations. The authors then estimate the benefits of specific trade facilitation efforts by quantifying differential improvement by members of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in these four areas. Based on a scenario in which APEC members below average improve capacity halfway to the average for all members, the authors find that intra-APEC trade could increase by $254 billion. This represents approximately a 21 percent increase in intra-APEC trade flows, about half coming from improved port efficiencies in the region. Using Dollar and Kraay's estimate of the effect of trade on per capita GDP, these improvements in trade facilitation suggest an increase in APEC average per capita GDP of 4.3 percent.
English-Medium Instruction and Intercultural Sensitivity: A Korean Case Study

This case study examined the reactions of local students to the diversity in student population. Specifically, it investigated how the local students’ intercultural sensitivity to the international students is interrelated with their perception of the English-medium instruction (EMI) policy. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of the questionnaire responses of 213 college students and the subsequent interviews with 15 students revealed a lack of intercultural sensitivity which was correlated with their perception of EMI. The findings indicated that the local students’ different perceptions of the policy interplayed, directly and indirectly, with their sensitivity to the cultures of international students. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of cultivating intercultural sensitivity in an English as a lingua franca context.
Exact accelerating solitons in nonholonomic deformation of the KdV equation with a two-fold integrable hierarchy

The recently proposed nonholonomic deformation of the KdV equation is solved through the inverse scattering method by constructing an AKNS-type Lax pair. Exact N-soliton solutions are found for the basic field and the deforming function showing an unusual accelerated (decelerated) motion. A two-fold integrable hierarchy is revealed, one with the usual higher order dispersion and the other with novel higher nonholonomic deformations.
An Incremental Summary Generation System

Huge amount of information is present in the World Wide Web and a large amount is being added to it frequently. A query-specific summary of multiple documents is very helpful to the user in this context. Currently, few systems have been proposed for queryspecific, extractive multi-document summarization. If a summary is available for a set of documents on a given query and if a new document is added to the corpus, generating an updated summary from the scratch is time consuming and many a times it is not practical/possible. In this paper we propose a solution to this problem. The algorithm finds pair of sentences, one from the current summary and other from the new document, that are to be swapped to improve the quality of the summary. For a given query, quality of a summary is determined by its informativeness, coherence and completeness. We propose a scoring function that captures these features to calculate the quality of a summary. The process of updating/improving summary is continued iteratively till the improvement in quality measure becomes negligible. Our experimental results, both qualitative and quantitative, show that performance of the proposed approach for incremental summary generation is quite encouraging.
The Effect of Dialogue System Output Style Variation on Users’ Evaluation Judgments and Input Style

A dialogue system can present itself and/or address the user as an active agent by means of linguistic constructions in personal style, or suppress agentivity by using impersonal style. We describe how we generate and control personal and impersonal style variation in the output of SAMMIE, a multimodal in-car dialogue system for an MP3 player. We carried out an experiment to compare subjective evaluation judgments and input style alignment behavior of users interacting with versions of the system generating output in personal vs. impersonal style. Although our results are consistent with earlier findings obtained with simulated systems, the effects are weaker.
Srd-based pulse generator for UWB wireless network applications

This paper presents a Step Recovery Diode (SRD) based Pulse Generator (PG) suitable for Ultra Wideband (UWB) applications. Sensitivity analysis on the PG is performed to optimize the SRD key parameters. The design generates a 200 ps duration pulse with a Power Spectral Density (PSD) of -30.5 dBm. The generated pulse suites wireless network applications such as wireless sensors networks (WSN). The design utilizes off-the-shelf components, which is the key factor in cost reduction of the generator.
Efficient Shadow Detection of Color Aerial Images Based on Successive Thresholding Scheme

Recently, Tsai presented an efficient algorithm which uses the ratio value of the hue over the intensity to construct the ratio map for detecting shadows of color aerial images. Instead of only using the global thresholding process in Tsai's algorithm, this paper presents a novel successive thresholding scheme (STS) to detect shadows more accurately. In our proposed STS, the modified ratio map, which is obtained by applying the exponential function to the ratio map proposed by Tsai, is presented to stretch the gap between the ratio values of shadow and nonshadow pixels. By performing the global thresholding process on the modified ratio map, a coarse-shadow map is constructed to classify the input color aerial image into the candidate shadow pixels and the nonshadow pixels. In order to detect the true shadow pixels from the candidate shadow pixels, the connected component process is first applied to the candidate shadow pixels for grouping the candidate shadow regions. For each candidate shadow region, the local thresholding process is performed iteratively to extract the true shadow pixels from the candidate shadow region. Finally, for the remaining candidate shadow regions, a fine-shadow determination process is applied to identify whether each remaining candidate shadow pixel is the true shadow pixel or not. Under six testing images, experimental results show that, for the first three testing images, both Tsai's and our proposed algorithms have better detection performance than that of the algorithm of Huang et al., and the shadow detection accuracy of our proposed STS-based algorithm is comparable to Tsai's algorithm. For the other three testing images, which contain some low brightness objects, our proposed algorithm has better shadow detection accuracy when compared with the previous two shadow detection algorithms proposed by Huang et al. and Tsai.