Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A fast and adaptive video-based method for eye blink rate estimation

Eye blink rate (EBR) estimation is one of the informative cues and challengeable areas in eye-based systems that has a wide range of applications like the detecting a driver’s drowsiness, anxiety analysis, diseases detection and etc. This paper presents an adaptive blink rate estimation algorithm. The advantages of this algorithm are simplicity, accuracy, fastness, low computational cost and robustness against lighting conditions. This algorithm is based on simple image processing techniques. The first step of blink detection method is eye detection. To accomplish this task, we suppose that a fairly large face image is available. Each frame of the input video is processed and the location of the eye is found. The next step calculates a value to determine the state of eye. Our method uses this value to EBR estimation. This paper presets the accuracy of new algorithm by providing a data set of several people and comparing the results with some of the strong relevant methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method has overall accuracy of 98.91%. The average blink rate estimation time of new algorithm for a sample is less than 80 micro seconds, which makes it suitable for real-time applications.
A new fuzzy speed control strategy considering lateral vehicle dynamics

This paper introduces a new speed control strategy for autonomous/semi-autonomous navigation of ground vehicles. Different from the previous studies, steering angle is considered in addition to speed error and integral of the speed error. Because of the highly nonlinear nature of vehicle model, fuzzy logic strategy is used for controller design. Vehicle modeling equations and used parameters are also illustrated in the paper. Simulations are carried out to verify and demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method over the classical one which does not consider the steering angle. Both of these two methods have similar performances when steering angle is relatively low. However, in a more aggressive steering scenario, classical approach fails and vehicle loses its yaw stability while our method still continues to track the speed with a stable yaw dynamics.
Password recovery for encrypted ZIP archives using GPUs

Protecting data by passwords in documents such as DOC, PDF or RAR, ZIP archives has been demonstrated to be weak under dictionary attacks. Time for recovering the passwords of such documents mainly depends on two factors: the size of the password search space and the computing power of the underline system. In this paper, we present an approach using modern multi-core graphic processing units (GPUs) as computing devices for finding lost passwords of ZIP archives. The combination of GPU's extremely high computing power and the state-of-the-art password structure analysis methods would bring us a feasible solution for recovering ZIP file password. We first apply password generation rules[9] in generating a reasonable password space, and then use GPUs for exhaustively verifying every password in the space. The experimental results have shown that the password verification speed increases about from 48 to 170 times (depends on the number of GPUs) compared to sequential execution on the Intel Core 2 Quad Q8400 2.66 Ghz. These results have demonstrated the potential applicability of GPUs in this cryptanalysis field.
What It Takes: Promising Practices for Immigrant Origin Adolescent Newcomers

Using a multiple case study approach across seven schools in the United States and Sweden that serve newcomer students exceptionally well, we identified the strategies they implemented across sites that served to meet the educational needs of these students. We found that these schools provided a comprehensive approach to support the socioemotional and academic needs of their newcomer students, identifying many common practices for improving outcomes for newcomer students.
Constructing Nature ’ s Building Blocks : An Analysis of Computational Protein Design Today

CONTENTS Introduction . 1 History and state of the art . 2 Overview of approach and its rationale . 3 Analysis of search algorithms . 5 Summary of drawbacks and challenges . 7 Proposed enhancements . 8 Conclusion . 10 Acknowledgments . 11 References . 11
Comparison of Learning Performance and Retrieval Performance for Support Vector Machines Based Relevance Feedback Document Retrieval

This paper presents a learning performance and a retrieval performance of an interactive document retrieval method, which is based on support vector machine(SVM). Some works have been done to apply classification learning like SVM to relevance feedback and obtained successful results. However they did not fully utilize characteristic of example distribution in document retrieval. We propose heuristics to bias document showing in order to take good learning performance and good retrieval performance of relevance feedback. This paper introduces two evaluation crietria. One criterion measures the learning performance and the other measures the retrieval performance. We compared a SVM-based system with our heuristic with conventional systems like Rocchio-based system and a SVM-based system without our heuristic by the introduced crietria. We could confirm the learning performance of our system outperformed other ones.
Serum Vitamin D Concentration Does Not Predict Insulin Action or Secretion in European Subjects With the Metabolic Syndrome

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relation between serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and insulin action and secretion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a cross-sectional study of 446 Pan-European subjects with the metabolic syndrome, insulin action and secretion were assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indexes and intravenous glucose tolerance test to calculate acute insulin response, insulin sensitivity, and disposition index. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. RESULTS The 25(OH)D3 concentration was 57.1 ± 26.0 nmol/l (mean ± SD), and only 20% of the subjects had 25(OH)D3 levels ≥75 nmol/l. In multiple linear analyses, 25(OH)D3 concentrations were not associated with parameters of insulin action or secretion after adjustment for BMI and other covariates. CONCLUSIONS In a large sample of subjects with the metabolic syndrome, serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 did not predict insulin action or secretion. Clear evidence that D vitamin status directly influences insulin secretion or action is still lacking.
Phenotype and Function of CD209+ Bovine Blood Dendritic Cells, Monocyte-Derived-Dendritic Cells and Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

Phylogenic comparisons of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) of humans and mice demonstrate phenotypic divergence of dendritic cell (DC) subsets that play similar roles in innate and adaptive immunity. Although differing in phenotype, DC can be classified into four groups according to ontogeny and function: conventional DC (cDC1 and cDC2), plasmacytoid DC (pDC), and monocyte derived DC (MoDC). DC of Artiodactyla (pigs and ruminants) can also be sub-classified using this system, allowing direct functional and phenotypic comparison of MoDC and other DC subsets trafficking in blood (bDC). Because of the high volume of blood collections required to study DC, cattle offer the best opportunity to further our understanding of bDC and MoDC function in an outbred large animal species. As reported here, phenotyping DC using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to CD209 revealed CD209 is expressed on the major myeloid population of DC present in blood and MoDC, providing a phenotypic link between these two subsets. Additionally, the present study demonstrates that CD209 is also expressed on monocyte derived macrophages (MoΦ). Functional analysis revealed each of these populations can take up and process antigens (Ags), present them to CD4 and CD8 T cells, and elicit a T-cell recall response. Thus, bDC, MoDC, and MoΦ pulsed with pathogens or candidate vaccine antigens can be used to study factors that modulate DC-driven T-cell priming and differentiation ex vivo.
Arginine Vasotocin Neuronal Phenotypes among Congeneric Territorial and Shoaling Reef Butterflyfishes: Species, Sex and Reproductive Season Comparisons

Arginine vasotocin (AVT) and the homologous arginine vasopressin (AVP) neuropeptides are involved in the control of aggression, spacing behaviour and mating systems in vertebrates, but the function of AVT in the regulation of social behaviour among closely‐related fish species needs further clarification. We used immunocytochemical techniques to test whether AVT neurones show species, sex or seasonal differences in two sympatric butterflyfish sister species: the territorial monogamous multiband butterflyfish, Chaetodon multicinctus, and the shoaling polygamous milletseed butterflyfish, Chaetodon miliaris. The territorial species had larger AVT‐immunoreactive (‐ir) somata within the preoptic area, and higher AVT fibre densities within but not limited to the ventral telencephalon, medial and dorsal nucleus of the dorsal telencephalon, torus semicircularis, and tectum compared to the shoaling nonterritorial species. Furthermore, AVT‐ir somata size and number did not differ among sexes or spawning periods in the territorial species, and showed only limited variation within the shoaling species. The distinct difference in AVT neuronal characteristics among species is likely to be independent of body size differences, and the lack of sex and seasonal variability is consistent with their divergent but stable social and mating systems. These phenotypic differences among species may be related to the influence of AVT on social spacing, aggression or monogamy, as reported for other fish, avian and mammalian models. The present study provides the first evidence for variation in vasotocin neural organisation in two congeneric and sympatric fish species with different social systems.
Identifiability of data-aided carrier-frequency offset estimation over frequency selective channels

Carrier-frequency offset (CFO) must be compensated before channel estimation and coherent detection. Several data-aided CFO estimation algorithms have been proposed recently. However, an improper selection of training sequences may cause the identifiability problem which results in failure of CFO estimation. In this correspondence, we present a detailed study on identifiability issue and derive two new theorems for data-aided CFO estimation. The first theorem is suitable for all training sequences. The second one mainly deals with a popular set of training sequences that is deemed as optimal for channel estimation. Simulation results are provided to validate the proposed study
Detecting Ambiguous Author Names in Crowdsourced Scholarly Data

The name ambiguity problem is a challenge in many areas, especially in the field of bibliographic digital libraries. For example, in services that use citation data to compute the impact of authors, ambiguous names lead to biased measures. The problem is amplified where names are collected from heterogeneous sources, including crowd sourced annotations. This is the case in the Scholaro meter system, which cross-correlates author names in user queries with those retrieved from bibliographic data. The uncontrolled nature of user-generated annotations is very valuable, but creates the need to detect ambiguous names. In this paper, we propose an approach to detect ambiguous names at query time, which makes it applicable in the context of a social computing application. We explore two kinds of heuristic features based on citations and crowd sourced topics. Our approach can detect ambiguous author names in crowd sourced scholarly data with an accuracy of 75%.
Real-time power-efficient integration of multi-sensor occupancy grid on many-core

Safe Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) will emerge when comprehensive perception systems will be successfully integrated into vehicles. Advanced perception algorithms based on occupancy grids were developed for AV prototypes. These algorithms estimate the position and speed of every obstacle in the environment by using data fusion from multiple sensors. Computational requirements of such fusion prevent their integration into AVs on current low-power embedded hardware. However, recent emerging many-core architectures offer opportunities to fulfill the automotive market constraints and efficiently support advanced perception applications. This paper explores the integration of the occupancy grid multi-sensor fusion algorithm into low power many-core architectures. The parallel properties of this function are used to achieve realtime performance with a power consumption less than 1W. The proposed implementation produces an occupancy grid of 500×300 cells within 6.26ms. The execution time is 6x faster than typical sensor output rates and 9x faster than previous embedded prototypes.
Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cell wall components and prenyl lipids in the leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees growing under salt stress

The study was focused on assessing the presence of arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) and pectins within the cell walls as well as prenyl lipids, sodium and chlorine content in leaves of Tilia x euchlora trees. The leaves that were analyzed were collected from trees with and without signs of damage that were all growing in the same salt stress conditions. The reason for undertaking these investigations was the observations over many years that indicated that there are trees that present a healthy appearance and trees that have visible symptoms of decay in the same habitat. Leaf samples were collected from trees growing in the median strip between roadways that have been intensively salted during the winter season for many years. The sodium content was determined using atomic spectrophotometry, chloride using potentiometric titration and poly-isoprenoids using HPLC/UV. AGPs and pectins were determined using immunohistochemistry methods. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that rhamnogalacturonans I (RG-I) and homogalacturonans were differentially distributed in leaves from healthy trees in contrast to leaves from injured trees. In the case of AGPs, the most visible difference was the presence of the JIM16 epitope. Chemical analyses of sodium and chloride showed that in the leaves from injured trees, the level of these ions was higher than in the leaves from healthy trees. Based on chromatographic analysis, four poly-isoprenoid alcohols were identified in the leaves of T. x euchlora. The levels of these lipids were higher in the leaves from healthy trees. The results suggest that the differences that were detected in the apoplast and symplasm may be part of the defensive strategy of T. x euchlora trees to salt stress, which rely on changes in the chemical composition of the cell wall with respect to the pectic and AGP epitopes and an increased synthesis of prenyl lipids.
Design considerations for novel 8/14 and comparison with conventional 8/6 and 8/10 switched reluctance machines

In this paper a comparative evaluation of three, four-phase, switched reluctance machines (SRMs) is presented. Configurations 8/6 and 8/10 are conventional SRMs with standard relationship between number of stator and rotor poles. Configuration 8/14 has number of rotor poles calculated according to the new pole design formula introduced recently. Design considerations for novel SRM 8/14 are given. Static characteristics of SRM 8/6, SRM 8/10 and SRM 8/14 are investigated using finite element analysis (FEA). Comparison of these characteristics is given regarding several criterions for torque profiles evaluation and torque density assessment.
Serial Memory 1 A PRODUCTION SYSTEM THEORY OF SERIAL MEMORY

We would like to thank Marsha Lovett and Chris Schunn for their comments on the manuscript. We would also like to thank Alan Baddeley, Stephan Lewandowsky, and a third reviewer for their helpful comments on the paper. General information on the ACT-R theory can be obtained at Web location: Abstract A theory is described which provides a detailed model of how subjects recall serial lists of items. This theory is based on the ACT-R production system (Anderson, 1993). It assumes that serial lists are represented as hierarchical structures consisting of groups and items within groups. Declarative knowledge units encode the position of items and of groups within larger groups. Production rules use this positional information in order to organize the serial recall of a list of items. In ACT-R memory access depends on a limited-capacity activation process, and errors can occur in the contents of recall because of a partial matching process. These limitations conspire in a number of ways to produce the limitations in immediate memory span: As the span increases, activation must be divided among more elements, activation decays more with longer recall times, and there are more opportunities for positional and acoustic confusions. The theory is shown to be capable of predicting both latency and error patterns in serial recall. It addresses Serial Memory 3 This paper reports on our efforts to come to a detailed process understanding of the task involved in reproducing a serial list of items. This is certainly an area that has received a great deal of research, and a great many phenomena have been documented (e. We would like to offer a theory that explains many of these phenomena by specifying the moment-by-moment processes involved in recalling a list. We will attempt this by providing a model within the ACT-R theory (Anderson, 1993) of this serial recall process. ACT-R is a theory which naturally addresses the detailed latency patterns and error patterns in any task. The ACT-R theory (Anderson, 1993) comes with a set of independently motivated processing assumptions, none of which were modified or adapted to account for serial memory. This system is capable of simulating the results to the level of detail that it can interact with the same experimental software that we present to subjects and can reproduce the same patterns of data (Anderson, Matessa, & Douglass, 1995). However, the ACT-R theory by itself would not be able to …
The Effects Of Malfunctioning Personalized Services On Users' Trust And Behaviors

Online merchants adopt web personalization to customize web content to match online users’ needs. Prior research has only looked at the “success” side of web personalization. Little research examines the “problematic” side of web personalization. The objective of this research is to explore how “malfunctioning” personalized web services influence an online user’s trust in the personalization agent and the behavioral intention of that user. In particular, this research looks at two types of malfunctioning personalization: irrelevant recommendations and biased recommendations. We draw on trust theories to develop seven hypotheses to predict the effects of malfunctioning personalized web services. We conducted a study with a personalized music download website. We found that irrelevant recommendations led to low trust in the personalization agent’s competence and integrity, and biased recommendations led to low trust in the integrity of the personalization agent. These findings provide empirical evidence of the possible problems of malfunctioning personalization and help firms understand and quantify the challenges and limitations of incorporating web personalization in their websites.
All-optical electrophysiology reveals excitation, inhibition, and neuromodulation in cortical layer 1

The stability of neural dynamics arises through a tight coupling of excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) signals. Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) can report both spikes and subthreshold dynamics in vivo, but voltage only reveals the combined effects of E and I synaptic inputs, not their separate contributions individually. Here we combine optical recording of membrane voltage with simultaneous optogenetic manipulation to probe E and I individually in barrel cortex Layer 1 (L1) neurons in awake mice. Our studies reveal how the L1 microcircuit integrates thalamocortical excitation, lateral inhibition and top-down neuromodulatory inputs. We develop a simple computational model of the L1 microcircuit which captures the main features of our data. Together, these results suggest a model for computation in L1 interneurons consistent with their hypothesized role in attentional gating of the underlying cortex. Our results demonstrate that all-optical electrophysiology can reveal basic principles of neural circuit function in vivo. One Sentence Summary All-optical electrophysiology revealed the function in awake mice of an inhibitory microcircuit in barrel cortex Layer 1.
Intuitive skill-level programming of industrial handling tasks on a mobile manipulator

In order for manufacturing companies to remain competitive while also offering a high degree of customization for the customers, flexible robots that can be rapidly reprogrammed to new tasks need to be applied in the factories. In this paper we propose a method for the intuitive programming of an industrial mobile robot by combining robot skills, a graphical user interface and human gesture recognition. We give a brief introduction to robot skills as we envision them for intuitive programming, and how they are used in the robot system. We then describe the tracking and gesture recognition, and how the instructor uses the method for programming. We have verified our approach through experiments on several subjects, showing that the system is generally easy to use even for inexperienced users. Furthermore, the programming time required to program a new task is very short, especially keeping traditional industrial robot programming methods in mind.
AGARDOGRAPH 335 Turbulent Boundary Layers in Subsonic and Supersonic Flow ( les Couches limites turbulentes dans les 6 coulements subsoniques

(les Couches limites turbulentes dans les 6coulements subsoniques et supersoniques) According to its Charter, the mission of AGARD is to bring together the leading personalities of the NATO nations in the fields of science and technology relating to aerospace for the following purposes:-Recommending effective ways for the member nations to use their research and development capabilities for the common benefit of the NATO community;-Providing scientific and technical advice and assistance to the Military Committee in the field of aerospace research and development (with particular regard to its military application);-Continuously stimulating advances in the aerospace sciences relevant to strengthening the common defence posture;-Improving the cooperation among member nations in aerospace research and development;-Exchange of scientific and technical information;-Providing assistance to member nations for the purpose of increasing their scientific and technical potential;-Rendering scientific and technical assistance, as requested, to other NATO bodies and to member nations in connection with research and development problems in the aerospace field. The highest authority within AGARD is the National Delegates Board consisting of officially appointed senior representatives from each member nation. The mission of AGARD is carried out through the Panels which are composed of experts appointed by the National Delegates, the Consultant and Exchange Programme and the Aerospace Applications Studies Programme. The results of AGARD work are reported to the member nations and the NATO Authorities through the AGARD series of publications of which this is one. Participation in AGARD activities is by invitation only and is normally limited to citizens of the NATO nations.