Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long‐baseline acoustic navigation for under‐ice autonomous underwater vehicle operations

The recent Arctic GAkkel Vents Expedition (AGAVE) to the Arctic Ocean's Gakkel Ridge (July/August 2007) aboard the Swedish icebreaker I/B Oden employed autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for water‐column and ocean bottom surveys. These surveys were unique among AUV operations to date in requiring georeferenced navigation in proximity to the seafloor beneath permanent and moving ice cover. We report results for long‐baseline (LBL) acoustic navigation during autonomous under‐ice surveys near the seafloor and adaptation of the LBL concept for several typical operational situations including navigation in proximity to the ship during vehicle recoveries. Fixed seafloor transponders were free‐fall deployed from the ship for deep positioning. The ship's helicopter collected acoustic travel times from several locations to georeference the transponders' locations, subject to the availability of openings in the ice. Two shallow beacons suspended from the ship provided near‐surface spherical navigation in ship‐relative coordinates. During routine recoveries, we used this system to navigate the vehicles into open water near the ship before commanding them to surface. In cases in which a vehicle was impaired, its position was still determined acoustically through some combination of its acoustic modem, the fixed seafloor transponders, the ship‐deployed transponders, and an onboard backup relay transponder. The techniques employed included ranging adapted for a moving origin and hyperbolic navigation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Identifying Emerging Research Related to Solar Cells Field Using a Machine Leaning Approach

The number of research papers related to solar cells field is increasing rapidly. It is hard to grasp research trends and to identify emerging research issues because of exponential growth of publications, and the field’s subdivided knowledge structure. Machine learning techniques can be applied to the enormous amounts of data and subdivided research fields to identify emerging researches. This paper proposed a prediction model using a machine learning approach to identify emerging solar cells related academic research, i.e. papers that might be cited very frequently within three years. The proposed model performed well and stable. The model highlighted some articles published in 2015 that will be emerging in the future. Research related to vegetable-based dye-sensitized solar cells was identified as the one of the promising researches by the model. The proposed prediction model is useful to gain foresight into research trends in science and technology, facilitating decision-making processes.
Assessment of Cardiac Autonomic Tone Following Long Sudarshan Kriya Yoga in Art of Living Practitioners.

OBJECTIVE The breathing processes are known to modulate cardiac autonomic tone and improve psychological status. We investigated cardiac autonomic tone following long Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) using heart rate variability (HRV) and skin conductance level (SCL). METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers (age 28.3 ± 8.4 years; 23 M: 7 F) participated in the study. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and SCL were recorded for 5 min each, before and after long SKY. Long SKY is a combination of pranayama and cyclic rhythmic breathing and is performed by following the guided audio instructions. HRV analysis was used for the assessment of cardiac autonomic tone. Time and frequency domain parameters of HRV were calculated by using RR interval of ECG. SCL was acquired using Galvanic skin response (GSR) amplifier of PowerLab in microSeimens (μS). RESULTS Time domain parameters of HRV, including mean RR interval (p = 0.000), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) (p = 0.037), standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) (p = 0.013), NN50 count divided by the total number of all NN intervals (pNN50) (p = 0.004), and square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals (RMSSD) (p = 0.002) increased, and mean heart rate decreased (p = 0.000) following long SKY. In frequency domain analysis, power of low-frequency (LF) component (p = 0.010) and LF/HF ratio (p = 0.008) decreased significantly, whereas power of high frequency (HF) significantly increased (p = 0.010). SCL decreased following long SKY, although it did not attain statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that long SKY induces significant oscillations in cardiac autonomic tone. Parasympathetic activity increases and sympathetic activity decreases and sympathovagal balance improves following long SKY. Decrease in sympathetic activity is also demonstrated by decrease in conductance although it did not reach statistical significance. From this study it can be concluded that long SKY has a beneficial effect on cardiac autonomic tone, and psychophysiological relaxation. It may serve as a tool to improve HRV, which is the marker of cardiovascular health.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Activated Notch 1 Induces Lung Adenomas in Mice and Cooperates with Myc in the Generation of Lung Adenocarcinoma

Notch1 encodes the canonical member of the mammalian Notch receptor family. Activating lesions frequently affect Notch1 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and, recently, have been found in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well. We explored the oncogenic potential of activated Notch1 in the lung by developing a transgenic mouse model in which activated Notch1 was overexpressed in the alveolar epithelium. The initial response to activated Notch1 was proliferation and the accumulation of alveolar hyperplasia, which was then promptly cleared by apoptosis. After an extended latency period, however, pulmonary adenomas appeared in the transgenic mice but failed to progress to become carcinomas. Interestingly, Myc and MycL1 were expressed in the adenomas, suggesting that selection for enhanced Myc activity may facilitate tumorigenesis. Using mice engineered to coexpress activated Notch1 and Myc, we found that supplementing Myc expression resulted in increased frequency of Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD)-induced adenoma formation and enabled progression to adenocarcinoma and metastases. Cooperation stemmed from synergistic activation of tumor cell cycling, a process that apparently countered any impedance to tumorigenesis posed byMyc and/or activated Notch1-induced apoptosis. Significantly, cooperation was independent of RAS activation. Taken together, the data suggest that activated Notch1 substitutes for RAS activation synergistically with Myc in the development of NSCLC. These tumor models should be valuable for exploring the role of activated Notch1 in the genesis of NSCLC and for testing therapies targeting either activated Notch1 or its downstream effectors. Cancer Res; 71(18); 1–9. 2011 AACR.
The importance of personality and life-events in anxious depression: from trait to state anxiety

ABSTRACT Objectives: Anxious depression is associated with severe impairment and bad prognoses. We hypothesize that recent life-events are associated with more anxiety in late-life depression and that this is conditional upon the level of certain personality traits. Method: Baseline data of the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons (NESDO) were used. In 333 patients (≥60 years) suffering from a major depressive disorder, anxiety was assessed with the BAI, personality traits with the NEO-FFI and the Mastery Scale, and life-events with the Brugha questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analyses were applied with anxiety severity as dependent and life-events and personality traits as independent variables. Results: 147 patients (44.1%) had recently experienced one or more life-events. The presence of a life-event is not associated with anxiety (p = .161) or depression severity (p = .440). However, certain personality traits interacted with life-events in explaining anxiety severity. Stratified analyses showed that life-events were associated with higher anxiety levels in case of high levels of neuroticism and openness and low levels of conscientiousness or mastery. Conclusions: In the face of a life-event, personality traits may play a central role in increased anxiety levels in late-life depression.
Two new species of Leptopsyllus from Korea (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae)

Abstract Two new species of Leptopsyllus are described from the subtidal zone of Korea. Both species were assigned to the subgenus Leptopsyllus (Leptopsyllus) T. Scott, 1894, based on following three characters: two-segmented rami of P1, absence of endopod on P2 and P3, and presence of one-segmented endopod of P4. L. (L.) pundius sp. n. is most closely related to L. (L.) punctatus Mielke, 1894, however clearly distinguishable from it based on mandibular exopod with two setae, shape of P6, and caudal seta III ornamented with spinules in the new species. L. (L.) koreanus sp. n. is clearly distinguishable from its congeners by the second segment of P1 endopod armed with one element, male baseoendopod of P5 with one seta, and one segmented endopod of mandibular palp. The world distribution and updated key to the species of the genus Leptopsyllus are provided.
A Brief Review of Krill Oil History, Research, and the Commercial Market

ABSTRACT In the last few years there has been a noticeable increase in both the promotion and research of krill oil for its purported health benefits, including the management and treatment of conditions, such as hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and arthritis. Additionally, because krill oil contains the same omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) found in fish and fish oil, krill oil is viewed as a viable alternative to fish oil to deliver the health benefits associated with EPA and DHA. The following review provides an overview of the currently available 10 peer-reviewed human clinical studies on krill oil, its safety, as well as a brief summary of the commercial krill oil market.
Overview and new results in disturbance observer based adaptive vibration rejection with application to advanced manufacturing

Vibrations with unknown and/or time‐varying frequencies significantly affect the achievable performance of control systems, particularly in precision engineering and manufacturing applications. This paper provides an overview of disturbance‐observer‐based adaptive vibration rejection schemes; studies several new results in algorithm design; and discusses new applications in semiconductor manufacturing. We show the construction of inverse‐model‐based controller parameterization and discuss its benefits in decoupled design, algorithm tuning, and parameter adaptation. Also studied are the formulation of recursive least squares and output‐error‐based adaptation algorithms, as well as their corresponding scopes of applications. Experiments on a wafer scanner testbed in semiconductor manufacturing prove the effectiveness of the algorithm in high‐precision motion control. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binarization of document images with various object sizes

There are a lot of document image binarization techniques that try to differentiate between foreground and background but many of them fail to correctly detect all the text pixels because of degradations. In this paper, a new binarization method for document images is presented. The proposed method is based on the most commonly used binarization method: Sauvola's, which performs relatively well on classical documents, however, three main defects remain: the window parameter of Sauvola's formula does not fit automatically to the image content, is not robust to low contrasts, and not invariant with respect to contrast inversion. Thus for some documents, the content may not be retrieved correctly. In this paper we try to overcome one of the limitations of Sauvola's binarization which is the Handling badly various object sizes. The well-known Chan-Vese active contour model is use in combination with the computed Sauvola's binarization step to guarantee good quality binarization for both small and large objects inside a single document, without adjusting manually the window size to the document content. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown on several document images with various object sizes.
A persistence criterion for metapopulations.

Simple conditions to evaluate the persistence of populations living in fragmented habitats are of primary importance in ecology. We address this need here using a spatially implicit approach that accounts for discrete individuals in a metapopulation. Demographic stochasticity is incorporated into a Markovian model in a natural way, as local extinction is characterized by the death or the dispersal of the last individual inhabiting a patch. The variables of the model are the probabilities p(i) (i=0, 1, 2.) that a patch be occupied by a finite, integer number i of individuals at a given time. We compare the stationary distributions predicted by the model with field data and discuss the role of dispersal in determining different distributions of local abundances. The analysis of the model leads to a persistence criterion which is equivalent to a condition formerly proved by Chesson (Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheor. 66, 97-107, 1984) namely that E(0)>1, where E(0) is the expected number of successful dispersers from a patch begun with one individual and to which immigration is excluded. We provide an analytic way of computing E(0) as a function of the main biological characteristics of the species (natality, mortality and dispersal rates, and colonizing ability). We can thus obtain persistence-extinction boundaries in the space of model parameters.
Forecasting Destination Weekly Hotel Occupancy with Big Data

Hospitality constituencies need accurate forecasting of future performance of hotels in specific destinations to benchmark their properties and better optimize operations. As competition increases, hotel managers have urgent need for accurate short-term forecasts. In this study, time-series models incorporating several tourism big data sources, including search engine queries, website traffic, and weekly weather information, are tested in order to construct an accurate forecasting model of weekly hotel occupancy for a destination. The results show the superiority of ARMAX models with both search engine queries and website traffic data in accurate forecasting. Also, the results suggest that weekly dummies are superior to Fourier terms in capturing the hotel seasonality. The limitations of the inclusion of multiple big data sources are noted since the reduction in forecasting error is minimal.
Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant Strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, BAMC 07-18, Isolated from a Combat Injury Wound

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important infectious agent of surgical sites and combat wounds. Antibiotic resistance and tolerance are common impediments to the healing of chronic infections. Here, we report the genome sequence of a highly multidrug-resistant strain of K. pneumoniae, BAMC 07-18, isolated from a combat wound of a soldier.
Using Tree‐Based Recursive Partitioning Methods to Group Haplotypes for Increased Power in Association Studies

Motivated by the increasing availability of high‐density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers across the genome, various haplotype‐based methods have been developed for candidate gene association studies, and even for genome‐wide association studies. Although haplotype approaches dramatically reduce the multiple comparisons problem (as compared to single SNP analysis), even the number of existing haplotypes is relatively large, which increases the degrees of freedom and decreases the power for the corresponding test statistic. Grouping haplotypes is a way to reduce the degrees of freedom. We propose a procedure that uses a tree‐based recursive partitioning algorithm to group haplotypes into a small number of clusters, and conducts the association test based on groups of haplotypes instead of individual haplotypes. The method can be used for both population‐based and family‐based association studies, with known or ambiguous phase information. Simulation studies suggest that the proposed method has the right type I error rate, and is more powerful than some existing haplotype‐based tests.
A Novel Substitution Algorithm for the Efficient Analysis and Optimisation of Microwave Oscillators

A novel optimisation strategy for the design of microwave oscillators is introduced. One of the optimisation variables is replaced by the magnitude of a state-variable harmonic, and a circuit parameter is determined together with the circuit state by a Newton iteration. Degenerate solutions are thus suppressed, and the optimisation robustness and efficiency are greatly enhanced.
Structural analysis of CuGeO3: Relation between nuclear structure and magnetic interaction.

The structure of ${\mathrm{CuGeO}}_{3}$ has been analyzed by means of x-ray and neutron single-crystal diffraction as a function of temperature. There is a pronounced temperature dependency of the atomic positions in the high-temperature Pbmm phase. The observed deformation scheme on cooling from 295 to 20 K may be characterized by a rotation of the Cu[O(2)${]}_{2}$ ribbons around the c axis. It is related to the distortion below the spin-Peierls transition, and has an impact on the magnetic interaction parameter J. For the distorted structure in the spin-Peierls phase, based on a large set of superstructure reflections, we qualitatively confirm the proposed model (space group Bbcm) with a slightly different direction of the oxygen displacements. A computation of J reveals that its splitting in the spin-Peierls phase is dominated by the modulation of the Cu-O-Cu bond angle. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Comparative analysis of various corrosive environmental conditions for NiTi rotary files

The aim of the present study is to compare the corrosion tendency using two kinds of NiTi files in the various environmental conditions through the visual examination and electrochemical analysis. ProTaper Universal S2, 21 ㎜ (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and Hero 642, 0.06 tapers, size 25, 21 ㎜ (Micromega, Besancon, France) rotary instruments were tested. The instruments were randomly divided into eighteen groups (n = 5) by the immersion temperature, the type of solution, the brand of NiTi rotary instrument and the presence of mechanical loading. Each file was examined at various magnifications using Scanning Electron Microscope (JEOL, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). EDX was used to determine the components of the endodontic file alloy in corroded and noncorroded areas. The corrosion resistance of unused and used NiTi files after repeated uses in the human teeth was evaluated electrochemically by potentiodynamic polarization test using a potentiostat (Applied Corrosion Monitoring, Cark-in-Cartmel, UK). Solution temperature and chloride ion concentration may affect on passivity of NiTi files. Under the conditions of this in vitro study, the corrosion resistance is slightly increased after clinical use.
Fixing multicollinearity instability in the prediction of body weight from morphometric traits of White Fulani cows.

Body weight and nine morphostructural characters (withers height, rump height, heart girth, body length, head width, cannon circumference, shoulder width, rump width and rump length) of 83 White Fulani cows aged 1.5-2.4 years old were used to study the problem of multicollinearity instability in the estimation of body weight from morphological indices. Pairwise phenotypic correlations indicated a high and positive significant relationship between body weight and body dimensions (r = 0.61- 0.94; P<0.01). Among the linear type traits, the highest correlation was observed between withers height and rump height (r =0.98) while the lowest value was recorded for rump height and shoulder width (r =0.51). Severe collinearity problems were evident in 5 of the zoometrical variables as portrayed by variance inflation factors (VIFs) higher than 10.00 (VIF = 33.096, 31.421, 24.612, 22.726 and 13.327 for rump height, withers height, rump length, heart girth and body length respectively). Collinearity problems were further confirmed from the computations of the eigenvalues of the correlation matrix, condition indexes and variance proportions. Heart girth was retained among the collinear variables, and singly accounted for 87.9%, 92.3% and 94.1% of the variation in body weight in the subsequent stepwise regression, quadratic and cubic models, respectively.
The effect of tunicamycin on wall-polymer synthesis in Bacilli.

Toluene-treated cells were incubated in the presence of UDPManUANAc, UDPGlcNAc and UDP-[14Clglucose and the incorporation of radioactivity into trichloroacetic acid-precipitated (0) or hot-SDS-insoluble (A) fractions was examined. tion of incorporation into the hot-SDS-insoluble fraction was 55% at 100pg of tunicamycin/ml, and higher concentrations had no greater effect. Again, the resistant 45% would appear to reflect the presence in the cells of partially synthesized teichuronic acid already inacessible to the action of tunicamycin. In the trichloroacetic acid-precipitated fraction, however, whereas the maximum inhibition was 60% at 5Opg of antibiotidml, higher drug concentrations steadily increased the observed incorporation until at 500pg/ml the residual inhibition was only 6% (Fig. 2). Since, as in wall-plus-membrane preparations, SDSsoluble polymer was simultaneously synthesized, it seems possible that, at high tunicamycin concentrations, a greater proportion of this soluble fraction consisted of molecules sufficiently large to be co-precipitated with the cells by trichloroacetic acid. How excess tunicamycin could achieve this effect is not clear. The synthesis of peptidoglycan by etherized Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been described (Brown & Perkins, 1979). In those experiments the incorporation of radioactivity from UDP[ “CIGlcNAc into the trichloroacetic acid-precipitated fraction was inhibited by 26% by 1 pg of tunicamycin/ml. In the present work, incorporation into hot-SDS-soluble and -insoluble fractions was examined (Fig. 3). Concentrations of tunicamycin as low as 0.005pg/ml caused a 20% fall in the synthesis of the hotSDS-soluble fraction and an initial small rise in the synthesis of the SDS-insoluble (i.e. wall-bound) fraction. Further effects were not observed until a concentration of 10pg/ml was exceeded, when considerable inhibition of incorporation into both fractions took place. The low-concentration effect of favouring the synthesis of wall-bound material at the expense of the soluble fraction could, perhaps, represent a tendency for existing partially cross-linked chains to be extended, rather than new chains to be initiated, in the presence of the drug. Alternatively, the limited effect may imply a separate population of polymer made at highly tunicamycin-sensitive synthetic centres. In Bacillus licheniformis preparations, Ward (1 977) also observed an increase in synthesis of wall-bound peptidoglycan at low concentrations of tunicamycin.