Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting the molecular biology and clinical behavior of multiple myeloma in the context of global gene expression profiling

Summary: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare but uniformly fatal malignancy of antibody‐secreting plasma cells (PCs). Although several key molecular events in disease initiation or progression have been confirmed (e.g. FGFR3/MMSET activation) or implicated (e.g. chromosome 13 deletion), the mechanisms of MM development remain enigmatic. Importantly, although generally being indistinguishable morphologically, MM exhibits a tremendous degree of variability in clinical course, with some patients surviving only months and others many years. However, current laboratory parameters can account for no more than 20% of this outcome variability. Furthermore, the means by which current drugs impart their anti‐MM effect are also mostly unknown. In addition, the mechanisms by which MM cells contribute to serious comorbidities, such as osteopenia and/or focal lytic lesions of bone, are also poorly understood. Finally, very little knowledge exists concerning the molecular events leading to benign hyperplasia and/or overt malignancy of PCs. Given that abnormal gene expression lies at the heart of most, if not all, cancers, high‐throughput global gene expression profiling has become a powerful tool for investigating molecular biology and clinical behavior of diseases. Here, we discuss recent progress made in addressing many of the above issues through the molecular dissection of the transcriptome of normal PCs and MM.
Hepatic fibrosis: evaluation with semiquantitative contrast-enhanced CT.

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of using contrast material-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) measurements of hepatic fractional extracellular space (fECS) and macromolecular contrast material (MMCM) uptake to measure severity of liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS All procedures were approved by and executed in accordance with University of California, San Francisco, institutional animal care and use committee regulations. Twenty-one rats that received intragastric CCl(4) for 0-12 weeks were imaged with respiratory-gated micro-CT by using both a conventional contrast material and a novel iodinated MMCM. Histopathologic hepatic fibrosis was graded qualitatively by using the Ishak fibrosis score and quantitatively by using morphometry of the fibrosis area. Hepatic fECS and MMCM uptake were calculated for each examination and correlated with histopathologic findings by using uni- and multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS Ishak fibrosis scores ranged from a baseline of 0 in untreated animals to a maximum of 5. Histopathologic liver fibrosis area increased from 0.46% to 3.5% over the same interval. Strong correlations were seen between conventional contrast-enhanced CT measurements of fECS and both the Ishak fibrosis scores (R(2) = 0.751, P < . 001) and the fibrosis area (R(2) = 0.801, P < . 001). Strong negative correlations were observed between uptake of MMCM in the liver and Ishak fibrosis scores (R(2) = 0.827, P < . 001), as well as between uptake of MMCM in the liver and fibrosis area (R(2) = 0.643, P = . 001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed a trend toward independence for fECS and MMCM uptake in the prediction of Ishak fibrosis scores, with an R(2) value of 0.86 (P = .081 and P = .033, respectively). CONCLUSION Contrast-enhanced CT measurements of fECS and MMCM uptake are individually capable of being used to estimate the degree of early hepatic fibrosis in a rat model. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL http://radiology.rsna. org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12112452/-/DC1.
Security audit compliance for cloud computing

Security Audit Compliance For Cloud Computing Frank Hans-Ulrich Doelitzscher MSc Cloud computing has grown largely over the past three years and is widely popular amongst today’s IT landscape. In a comparative study between 250 IT decision makers of UK companies they said, that they already use cloud services for 61% of their systems. Cloud vendors promise “infinite scalability and resources” combined with on-demand access from everywhere. This lets cloud users quickly forget, that there is still a real IT infrastructure behind a cloud. Due to virtualization and multi-tenancy the complexity of these infrastructures is even increased compared to traditional data centers, while it is hidden from the user and outside of his control. This makes management of service provisioning, monitoring, backup, disaster recovery and especially security more complicated. Due to this, and a number of severe security incidents at commercial providers in recent years there is a growing lack of trust in cloud infrastructures. This thesis presents research on cloud security challenges and how they can be addressed by cloud security audits. Security requirements of an Infrastructure as a Service cloud are identified and it is shown how they differ from traditional data centres. To address cloud specific security challenges, a new cloud audit criteria catalogue is developed. Subsequently, a novel cloud security audit system gets developed, which provides a flexible audit architecture for frequently changing cloud infrastructures. It is based on lightweight software agents, which monitor key events in a cloud and trigger specific targeted security audits on demand on a customer and a cloud provider perspective. To enable these concurrent cloud audits, a Cloud Audit Policy Language is developed and integrated into the audit architecture. Furthermore, to address advanced cloud specific security challenges, an anomaly detection system based on machine learning technology is developed. By creating cloud usage profiles, a continuous evaluation of events customer specific as well as customer overspanning helps to detect anomalies within an IaaS cloud. The feasibility of the research is presented as a prototype and its functionality is presented in three demonstrations. Results prove, that the developed cloud audit architecture is able to mitigate cloud specific security challenges.
Caffeine resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Four caffeine-resistant haploid isolates, two resistant to 50 mM caffeine and two resistant to 100 mM caffeine, were genetically analyzed. Complementation and tetrad analysis indicated that all four mutations are alleles of the same locus. All four isolates demonstrated incomplete dominance when hybridized to the wild-type strain and dominance of high to low resistance when hybridized to one another. Differences in caffeine resistance were found between wild-type grande cells and its petite derivative.
Executive Information Systems Development: A Case Study of a Manufacturing Company

Much of the research on Executive Information Systems (EIS) in organizations has provided only limited insights into their development process. In this paper, we seek to provide a rich description of the EIS development process from an in-depth study in a manufacturing company. By drawing on this case study, we seek to illustrate our understanding of the origin, development and effectiveness of EIS and to identify some implications for practice.
Cag pathogenicity island-specific responses of gastric epithelial cells to Helicobacter pylori infection

Helicobacter pylori infects over half the world's population and causes a wide range of diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcer, and two forms of gastric cancer. H. pylori infection elicits a variety of phenotypic responses in cultured gastric epithelial cells, including the expression of proinflammatory genes and changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Both of these responses are mediated by the type IV secretion system (TFSS) encoded by the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). We used human cDNA microarrays to examine the temporal transcriptional profiles of gastric AGS cells infected with H. pylori strain G27 and a panel of isogenic mutants to dissect the contributions of various genes in the cag PAI. Infection with G27 induced expression of genes involved in the innate immune response, cell shape regulation, and signal transduction. A mutant lacking the cagA gene, which encodes an effector molecule secreted by the TFSS and required for the host cell cytoskeletal response, induced the expression of fewer cytoskeletal genes. A mutant lacking cagE, which encodes a structural component of the TFSS, failed to up-regulate a superset of host genes, including the cagA-dependent genes, and many of the immune response genes. A mutant lacking the entire cag PAI failed to induce both the cagE-dependent genes and several transiently expressed cagE independent genes. Host cell transcriptional profiling of infection with isogenic strains offered a detailed molecular picture of H. pylori infection and provided insight into potential targets of individual virulence determinants such as tyrosine kinase and Rho GTPase signaling molecules.
Mutations in DNAH5 account for only 15% of a non-preselected cohort of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is characterised by recurrent infections of the upper respiratory airways (nose, bronchi, and frontal sinuses) and randomisation of left–right body asymmetry. To date, PCD is mainly described with autosomal recessive inheritance and mutations have been found in five genes: the dynein arm protein subunits DNAI1, DNAH5 and DNAH11, the kinase TXNDC3, and the X-linked retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator RPGR. Methods: We screened 89 unrelated individuals with PCD for mutations in the coding and splice site regions of the gene DNAH5 by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequencing. Patients were mainly of European origin and were recruited without any phenotypic preselection. Results: We identified 18 novel (nonsense, splicing, small deletion and missense) and six previously described mutations. Interestingly, these DNAH5 mutations were mainly associated with outer + inner dyneins arm ultrastructural defects (50%). Conclusion: Overall, mutations on both alleles of DNAH5 were identified in 15% of our clinically heterogeneous cohort of patients. Although genetic alterations remain to be identified in most patients, DNAH5 is to date the main PCD gene.
Nucleotide sequence of a human ubiquitin Ub B processed pseudogene.

The human ubiquitin Ub B gene consists of 3 tandem repeats of the 76 amino acid coding unit followed by an extra cys codon, and contains a 715bp intron in its 5' non-coding flank El]. During the isolation of this gene, two Ub B processed pseudogenes were also isolated. However, one pseudogene contained two coding unit repeats, while the other only one [1]. Here, we report the sequence of another single coding unit Ub B processed pseudogene, EHB6. Numbering is from the A of the start codon. Noted features are: start codon, stop codon, polyadenylation signal and encoded poly-A tail (underlined); flanking direct repeats (overlined); and positions corresponding to the gene CAP and polyadenylation sites (arrowheads). The latter sites denote the 5' and 3' limits of homology to the gene. The pseudogene 5' and 3' flanks are re-spectively 67.6% and 88.7% homologous to the corresponding gene regions El). The translation is shown above the sequence and differs from ubiquitin at 15 positions (*) due to single base changes (underlined bases). This pseudogene has an open reading frame but is presumably not transcribed in vivo.
Superficial siderosis of the CNS: MR diagnosis and clinical findings.

PURPOSE To report the clinical and neuroradiologic findings of superficial siderosis of the CNS, due to chronic subarachnoid bleeding of unknown origin. MATERIALS AND METHODS We observed seven cases. The main clinical manifestations were progressive deafness and ataxia. Four patients had had previous cranial or cervical trauma, with root avulsion in two, many years before onset of deafness and ataxia. Neuroradiologic studies included MR (0.5 T in four and 1.5 T in three) and angiography of the brain in all cases, CT in six cases, MR of the spine in six, and myelography in four. RESULTS MR demonstrated a rim of marked hypointensity in T2-weighted images, consistent with hemosiderin deposits, on the surface of cerebellum, brain stem, inferior part of cerebral hemispheres, and spinal cord. CT showed cerebellar atrophy in five cases, and a rim of mild hyperdensity around the brain stem in two. Angiographic studies were negative. Myelography showed cervical nerve root avulsion in two cases and a cervicodorsal extradural cyst in one. Cerebrospinal fluid contained RBCs in all the six examined cases. CONCLUSION Although CT may occasionally suggest the diagnosis of superficial siderosis, MR demonstrates this abnormality to better advantage.
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptors Direct Vascular Development Independent of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function

ABSTRACT Complete loss of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor signaling results in embryonic lethality around embryonic day 9.5, but the cause of this lethality has not been identified. Because cardiovascular failure often results in embryonic lethality at this time point, we hypothesized that a failure in cardiovascular development could be the cause. To assess the combined role of PDGF receptor α (PDGFRα) and PDGFRβ, we generated embryos that lacked these receptors in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) using conditional gene ablation. Deletion of either PDGFRα or PDGFRβ caused no overt vascular defects, but loss of both receptors using an SM22α-Cre transgenic mouse line led to a disruption in yolk sac blood vessel development. The cell population responsible for this vascular defect was the yolk sac mesothelial cells, not the cardiomyocytes or the VSMC. Coincident with loss of PDGF receptor signaling, we found a reduction in collagen deposition and an increase in MMP-2 activity. Finally, in vitro allantois cultures demonstrated a requirement for PDGF signaling in vessel growth. Together, these data demonstrate that PDGF receptors cooperate in the yolk sac mesothelium to direct blood vessel maturation and suggest that these effects are independent of their role in VSMC development.
Actual antenna radiation pattern measurements in reverberation chamber

A reverberation chamber (RC) is an electrically large, highly conductive resonant enclosure used as test facility for radiated emissions and immunity measurements on electronic devices. In current literature, it is commonly stated that antenna radiation patterns cannot be measured, if needed, in RC. On the contrary, in this contribution, a novel technique that allows for the first time to perform actual antenna radiation pattern measurements in RC is presented. In order to demonstrate its validity, the radiation pattern for both E- and H- planes of a horn antenna has been measured in an RC at 10 GHz, in X band, and compared to the ones obtained in anechoic chamber, being the results in good agreement.
A Fully Automated Pipeline for Normative Atrophy in Patients with Neurodegenerative Disease

Introduction Volumetric image analysis to detect progressive brain tissue loss in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has recently been suggested as a promising marker for “no evidence of disease activity. ” Software packages for longitudinal whole-brain volume analysis in individual patients are already in clinical use; however, most of these methods have omitted region-based analysis. Here, we suggest a fully automatic analysis pipeline based on the free software packages FSL and FreeSurfer. Materials and methods Fifty-five T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets of five patients with confirmed relapsing–remitting MS and mild to moderate disability were longitudinally analyzed compared to a morphometric reference database of 323 healthy controls (HCs). After lesion filling, the volumes of brain segmentations and morphometric parameters of cortical parcellations were automatically screened for global and regional abnormalities. Error margins and artifact probabilities of regional morphometric parameters were estimated. Linear models were fitted to the series of follow-up MRIs and checked for consistency with cross-sectional aging in HCs. Results As compared to leave-one-out cross-validation in a subset of the control dataset, anomaly detection rates were highly elevated in MRIs of two patients. We detected progressive volume changes that were stronger than expected compared to normal aging in 4/5 patients. In individual patients, we also identified stronger than expected regional decreases of subcortical gray matter, of cortical thickness, and areas of reducing gray–white contrast over time. Conclusion Statistical comparison with a large normative database may provide complementary and rater independent quantitative information about regional morphological changes related to disease progression or drug-related disease modification in individual patients. Regional volume loss may also be detected in clinically stable patients.
Power efficient and high speed frequency synchronizer design for MB-OFDM UWB

In the design of frequency synchronizer (FS), arctangent function and sine/cosine generator are the critical parts for Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO) estimation and compensation respectively. They are traditionally implemented with Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC), which has the drawbacks of low accuracy and long convergence time. In this paper, the Multipartite Table Method (MTM) is applied to satisfy the requirements of high accuracy and high speed in MB-OFDM UWB systems. It is also a power and area efficient method. Design tradeoffs are made between performance and hardware cost. 43% area and 47% power can be saved by choosing the optimum architecture with slight performance degradation. The proposed FS is synthesized with UMC 0.13 µm library. Operating at 132 MHz clock frequency, the power consumption is 8.4 mW and the latency is 4 clock cycles disregarding the preamble.
Ultraviolet avalanche in anisotropic non-Abelian plasmas

We present solutions of coupled particle-field evolution in classical U(1) and SU(2) gauge theories in real time on three-dimensional lattices. Our simulations are performed in a regime of extreme anisotropy of the momentum distribution of hard particles where backreaction is important. We find qualitatively different behavior for the two theories when the field strength is high enough that non-Abelian self-interactions matter for SU(2). It appears that the energy drained by a Weibel-like plasma instability from the particles does not build up exponentially in soft transverse magnetic fields but instead returns, isotropically, to the hard scale via a rapid avalanche into the ultraviolet.
Principal component analysis-based neural network with fuzzy membership function for epileptic seizure detection

A hybrid principal component analysis (PCA)-based neural network with fuzzy membership function (NEWFM) is proposed for epileptic seizure detection. By combining PCA and NEWFM, the proposed method improves the accuracy in epileptic seizure detection. The PCA is used for wavelet feature enhancement needed to eliminate the sensitivity of noise, electrode artifacts, or redundancy. NEWFM, a model of neural networks, is integrated to improve prediction results by updating weights of fuzzy membership functions. A dataset made up of 5 sets, each consisting 100 single EEGs segments, is employed to evaluate the proposed system's performance. Based on the experiments, the prediction results show an accuracy rate of 98.29% for epileptic seizure classification while in the best cases the accuracy reaches 99.5% for the `normal' (Z-S) seizure classification task.
A field study on the fusion of terrestrial and satellite location methods in urban cellular networks

This work studies the improvement in service coverage obtained by three different approaches to combining two triangulation (terrestrial and satellite) location methods for cellular networks in an urban environment. The paper assumes that the terrestrial cellular network uses enhanced observed time difference (E-OTD) in 2G or observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) in 3G, while the satellite GNSS uses the assisted global positioning system (A-GPS), but the analysis can be easily generalised to other triangulation methods. A straightforward analytical model is presented to evaluate the service coverage resulting from each of the three approaches. The model is fed with actual coverage figures, gathered from test measurements carried out in Paris (France) for several urban scenarios. Numerical results show that the three approaches lead to improvements in all the tested scenarios, and that the improvement obtained by the increasing complexity of the fusion approach depends highly on the coverage of each individual method and on the joint probability function of individual performances. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A filtering combined series- and parallel-fed patch antenna array

This paper introduces a filtering combined series-and parallel-fed patch antenna array. The antenna array consists of four series-fed two-element subarray and a feeding network that is realized by a stub-loaded resonator. The two-element subarrays perform not only radiators but also the resonators. The antenna elements, together with the compact feeding network, function as a second-order band-pass filter. The feeding network provides the first stages, while the antenna subarrays provide the second stage in the filter design. To verify the concept, an antenna array operating at 3.5 GHz has been analyzed and designed.
MIMO System with Relative Phase Difference Time-Shift Modulation in Rician Fading Environments

In line-of sight (LOS) environments, the performance of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems depends largely on the difference of the phase difference of direct paths from transmit antennas to each receive antenna. When the phase difference of direct paths are close to each other, the spatial division multiplexing (SDM) channel is not orthogonal to each other so that the signal detection becomes difficult. In this paper, we propose a MIMO system with relative phase difference time-shift modulation (RPDTM) in Rician fading environments. The proposed scheme transmits independent signals from each antenna at each time slot where relative phase difference between signal constellations used by transmit antennas varies with a pre-determined pattern. This transmission virtually changes the phase difference of direct paths from transmit antennas to each receive antenna without lowering data rate and without knowledge of the channels. In addition, forward error correction coding (ECC) is applied to exploit the time slots where the receiver can detect the signals easily to improve the detection performance. From the results of computer simulation, we show that MIMO system with RPDTM can achieve the better bit error rate (BER) than the conventional MIMO system. We also show that the MEMO system with RPDTM is effective by about Rician factor K = 10 dB.