Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Trans-Genomic Comparison of Protein Kinases between Arabidopsis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae1

The genome of the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) provides an important paradigm for transgenomic comparisons with other eukaryotic species. Here, we report a systematic comparison of the protein kinases of yeast (119 kinases) and a reference plant Arabidopsis (1,019 kinases). Using a whole-protein-based, hierarchical clustering approach, the complete set of protein kinases from both species were clustered. We validated our clustering by three observations: (a) clustering pattern of functional orthologs proven in genetic complementation experiments, (b) consistency with reported classifications of yeast kinases, and (c) consistency with the biochemical properties of those Arabidopsis kinases already experimentally characterized. The clustering pattern identified no overlap between yeast kinases and the receptor-like kinases (RLKs) of Arabidopsis. Ten more kinase families were found to be specific for one of the two species. Among them, the calcium-dependent protein kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase families are specific for plants, whereas the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and provirus insertion in mouse-like kinase families were found only in yeast and animals. Three yeast kinase families, nitrogen permease reactivator/halotolerance-5), polyamine transport kinase, and negative regulator of sexual conjugation and meiosis, are absent in both plants and animals. The majority of yeast kinase families (21 of 26) display Arabidopsis counterparts, and all are mapped into Arabidopsis families of intracellular kinases that are not related to RLKs. Representatives from 11 of the common families (54 kinases from Arabidopsis and 17 from yeast) share an extremely high degree of similarity (blast E value < 10-80), suggesting the likelihood of orthologous functions. Selective expansion of yeast kinase families was observed in Arabidopsis. This is most evident for yeast genes CBK1, HRR25, and SNF1 and the kinase family S6K. Reduction of kinase families was also observed, as in the case of the NEK-like family. The distinguishing features between the two sets of kinases are the selective expansion of yeast families and the generation of a limited number of new kinase families for new functionality in Arabidopsis, most notably, the Arabidopsis RLKs that constitute important components of plant intercellular communication apparatus.
A multi-sensor integrated head-mounted display setup for augmented reality applications

We present an HMD based AR system comprising visual and inertial sensors. The visual sensor is a camera pair and the inertial sensors consist of an accelerometer and a gyroscope. We discuss the temporal and spatial calibration issues that relate to such a system. We introduce simple yet effective methods for estimating the time lag between the camera and the inertial sensors and for estimating the relative pose between the camera and the inertial sensors. These methods do not require a complicated setup for data collection and involve simple equations to solve. Sample results are presented to demonstrate the visual performance of the system.
Target Motion Analysis Based on Peak Power Measurements using Networked Sensors

Target motion analysis (TMA) using a network of wireless sensors/receivers which measure the power from a mobile RF emitter is considered. Due to limited communication capability of each sensor node, only peak power measurements from sensor nodes are transmitted to the fusion center. We present two main results that yield the optimum sensors' configuration such that the asymptotically achievable error variance of the target trajectory's estimate is minimized, and we derive efficient numerical algorithms for computing the optimum estimates of the trajectory of the moving target, thus achieving the goal of TMA.
Formulation and Evaluation of Lansoprazole Enteric Coated Pellets

A peptic ulcer is a sore in the lining of stomach or duodenum. The duodenum is the first part of small intestine. Peptic ulcers are found in the stomach are called as gastric ulcers, in the duodenum are called duodenal ulcers. The study was undertaken with an aim to develop an optimized formulation of Lansoprazole Enteric Coated Pellets drug delivery system by using Eudragit L-30D-55, HPMC K5 as retarding agents. The active pharmaceutical ingredient, Lansoprazole was selected and formulated as Enteric Coated Pellets comparable to the innovators product. In the present work, preformulation studies were conducted to know the drug excipients compatibility by using FTIR spectroscopy. Based on the results, suitable excipients were selected for formulation development. FTIR spectra revealed that there was no significant interaction between drug and polymer. Pellets were prepared by using Suspension layered method. Finished products were evaluated for friability test, assay, and In-vitro release studies performed for 1hr in acidic media at 0.1N HCL, after that 1 hr in 6.8 pH Phosphate buffer. From the evaluation it was concluded that percent friability and percent assay for all formulations from F1 to F9 were found within the limit. Invitro dissolution study showed that Formulation F9 having the better resistance in 0.1 N HCL and good release in phosphate buffer pH 6.8. From the above results and discussion it might be concluded that the formulation F9 of enteric coated pellets of Lansoprazole was found to be stable in acidic medium and shows better drug release in basic medium. Therefore it was an ideal and optimized formulation of enteric coated pellets. Then the optimized formulation F9 was compared with marketed product by an invitro study, it shows that the formulation F9 was good as compared with marketed one. The stability study was carried out for formulation F9 at 1, 2, 3 month for invitro dissolution study and from this it was observed that there were no changes and clearly showing that the optimized formulation F9 was stable. In future, this work extends for in-vivo study.
A Non-linear Generalisation of PDMs using Polynomial Regression

We have previously described how to model shape variability by means of point distribution models (TDMs,) in which there is a linear relationship between a set of shape parameters and the positions of points on the shape. This linear formulation can fail for shapes which articulate or bend. ' we show examples of such failure for both real and synthetic classes of shape. A new, more general formulation for PDMs, based on polynomial regression, is presented. The resulting Polynomial Regression PDMs (PRPDMsj perform well on the data for which the linear method failed.
Comparison of Fluorescent Marker Systems with 2 Quantitative Methods of Assessing Terminal Cleaning Practices

Objective. To compare fluorescent markers with aerobic colony counts (ACCs) and an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay system for assessing terminal cleaning practices. Design. A prospective observational survey. Setting. A 500-bed university-affiliated community teaching hospital. Methods. In a convenience sample of 100 hospital rooms, 5 high-touch surfaces were marked with fluorescent markers before terminal cleaning and checked after cleaning to see whether the marker had been entirely or partially removed. ACC and ATP readings were performed on the same surfaces before and after terminal cleaning. Results. Overall, 378 (76%) of 500 surfaces were classified as having been cleaned according to fluorescent markers, compared with 384 (77%) according to ACC criteria and 225 (45%) according to ATP criteria. Of 382 surfaces classified as not clean according to ATP criteria before terminal cleaning, those with the marker removed were significantly more likely than those with the marker partially removed to be classified as clean according to ATP criteria (P = .003). Conclusions. Fluorescent markers are useful in determining how frequently high-touch surfaces are wiped during terminal cleaning. However, contaminated surfaces classified as clean according to fluorescent marker criteria after terminal cleaning were significantly less likely to be classified as clean according to ACC and ATP assays.
Neural effects of the CSMD1 genome‐wide associated schizophrenia risk variant rs10503253

The single nucleotide polymorphism rs10503253 within the CUB and Sushi multiple domains‐1 (CSMD1) gene on 8p23.2 has been identified as genome‐wide significant for schizophrenia (SZ). This gene is of unknown function but has been implicated in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders that impact upon cognition, leading us to hypothesize that an effect on brain structure and function underlying cognitive processes may be part of the mechanism by which CMSD1 increases illness risk. To test this hypothesis, we investigated this CSMD1 variant in vivo in healthy participants in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study comprised of both fMRI of spatial working memory (N = 50) and a voxel‐based morphometry investigation of grey and white matter (WM) volume (N = 150). Analyses of these data indicated that the risk “A” allele was associated with comparatively reduced cortical activations in BA18, that is, middle occipital gyrus and cuneus; posterior brain regions that support maintenance processes during performance of a spatial working memory task. Conversely, there was an absence of significant structural differences in brain volume (i.e., grey or WM). In accordance with previous evidence, these data suggest that CSMD1 may mediate brain function related to cognitive processes (i.e., executive function); with the relatively deleterious effects of the identified “A” risk allele on brain activity possibly constituting part of the mechanism by which CSMD1 increases schizophrenia risk. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A stochastic geometry-based demand response management framework for cellular networks powered by smart grid

In this paper, the production decisions across multiple energy suppliers in smart grid, powering cellular networks are investigated. The suppliers are characterized by different offered prices and pollutant emissions levels. The challenge is to decide the amount of energy provided by each supplier to each of the operators such that their profitability is maximized while respecting the maximum tolerated level of CO2 emissions. The cellular operators are characterized by their offered quality of service (QoS) to the subscribers and the number of users that determines their energy requirements. Stochastic geometry is used to determine the average power needed to achieve the target probability of coverage for each operator. The total average power requirements of all networks are fed to an optimization framework to find the optimal amount of energy to be provided from each supplier to the operators. The generalized alpha-fair utility function is used to avoid production bias among the suppliers based on profitability of generation. Results illustrate the production behavior of the energy suppliers versus QoS level, cost of energy, capacity of generation, and level of fairness.
The study for direct SCC fabrication in STS 304 pipe

Stress corrosion cracking is one of the aging phenomena for the major structure components in nuclear power plant. During the operation of a power plant, stress corrosion cracks are initiated and grown especially in dissimilar weldment of primary loop components. Among the three factors (susceptible material, residual stress, and corrosive environment) which make the SCC, the residual stress becomes a critical factor for stress corrosion crack when it is difficult to improve the material of the components and their environment under operating conditions. In this study, stress corrosion cracks were artificially produced on STS (stainless steel) 304 pipe itself by control of welding residual stress. The instrumented indentation technique and 3D finite element method (FEM) analysis (using ANSYS 12) were used to evaluate the residual stress values in the GTAW area. As the result of both FEM analysis and experiment, the stress corrosion crack was quickly generated and could be reproduced, and controlled by welding residual stress. Also non-destructive evaluation signals by Acoustic Emission will be discussed for the initiation and growth of SCC. This paper is part of a supplementary issue from the 17th Asia-Pacific Corrosion Control Conference (APCCC-17).
Calling for a shared understanding of the "sharing economy"

Advances in IT platforms coupled with movements towards sustainable consumerism through resource sharing have fueled the growth of the "sharing economy". Businesses have sprung up around not only tangible products, such as housing and car rides, but also intangible assets, such as talent, knowledge, time, and experience. The "sharing economy" concept emerged first in the context of "non-monetary" transactions. The current leading sharing economy platforms such as Airbnb, Uber, and Zipcar however, enable economic transactions. Regulating the novel modes of business transactions is murky. As these platforms blur industry boundaries, regulators face the challenge of clearly defining sharing economy businesses. The confusion around the sharing economy's boundaries and those of regulations for different industries may derail plans for the global expansion of various sharing economy platforms. This paper presents an preliminary organizing framework of the concept of the "sharing economy" based on a survey of the academic literature and practitioner writings. We review prevailing definitions of the "sharing economy," its characteristics, and cases. A crisp definition of the concept will be useful not only for researchers of the sharing economy, but also for policy developers and regulators.
Eccrine sweat gland development and sweat secretion

Eccrine sweat glands help to maintain homoeostasis, primarily by stabilizing body temperature. Derived from embryonic ectoderm, millions of eccrine glands are distributed across human skin and secrete litres of sweat per day. Their easy accessibility has facilitated the start of analyses of their development and function. Mouse genetic models find sweat gland development regulated sequentially by Wnt, Eda and Shh pathways, although precise subpathways and additional regulators require further elucidation. Mature glands have two secretory cell types, clear and dark cells, whose comparative development and functional interactions remain largely unknown. Clear cells have long been known as the major secretory cells, but recent studies suggest that dark cells are also indispensable for sweat secretion. Dark cell‐specific Foxa1 expression was shown to regulate a Ca2+‐dependent Best2 anion channel that is the candidate driver for the required ion currents. Overall, it was shown that cholinergic impulses trigger sweat secretion in mature glands through second messengers – for example InsP3 and Ca2+ – and downstream ion channels/transporters in the framework of a Na+‐K+‐Cl− cotransporter model. Notably, the microenvironment surrounding secretory cells, including acid–base balance, was implicated to be important for proper sweat secretion, which requires further clarification. Furthermore, multiple ion channels have been shown to be expressed in clear and dark cells, but the degree to which various ion channels function redundantly or indispensably also remains to be determined.
Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes

Despite all promising perspectives and new research in nanofiltration, for example, in drinking water production, in wastewater treatment, the food industry, the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, and many other industries, there are still some obstacles that slow down large-scale applications. Fouling is an irreversible and time-dependent phe -nomenon, and it is related to the characteristics of the membrane and solute-solute and solute-membrane interactions. Therefore, an understanding of fouling mechanisms such as fouling characteristics and consequences, fouling mathematical models, and physical- chemical and processing factors affecting fouling, are very important. As a result, the aim of this chapter is to present some phenomena that contribute to fouling: physical- chemical interactions, pore mechanical blocks, and deposit of suspension material on membrane surface.
Antimicrobial peptide resistance mediates resilience of prominent gut commensals during inflammation

Gut microbes resist inflammation It is vital to human well-being that our gut microbiota can be distinguished from harmful, but often very similar, organisms. Cullen et al. begin to analyze how one dominant symbiont, Bacteroidetes thetaiotaomicron, does this. Our guts release potent antimicrobial peptides when we become infected with pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, but these symbionts make an outer lipopolysaccharide coat that differs from those of pathogens by only one phosphate molecule. Enzymatic removal of this group is enough to confer resistance to the host's immune response and allow the symbionts to escape damage. Science, this issue p. 170 Gut commensals avoid elimination during inflammation via a single phosphate in lipopolysaccharide. Resilience to host inflammation and other perturbations is a fundamental property of gut microbial communities, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We have found that human gut microbes from all dominant phyla are resistant to high levels of inflammation-associated antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and have identified a mechanism for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) modification in the phylum Bacteroidetes that increases AMP resistance by four orders of magnitude. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron mutants that fail to remove a single phosphate group from their LPS were displaced from the microbiota during inflammation triggered by pathogen infection. These findings establish a mechanism that determines the stability of prominent members of a healthy microbiota during perturbation.
Thermal and competition aware mapping for 3D network-on-chip

Three-dimensional network-on-chip (3D NoC), which combines NoC with 3D IC technology, offers several prominent advantages, including reduced overall interconnection length and design flexibility. However, it suffers from the high chip temperature problem. In the ciliated 3D Mesh architecture, the competition for the port of the router is fierce. A new temperature and network competitionaware mapping algorithm is proposed to reduce the peak temperature and decrease the network competition. The new algorithm can realize the multi-objective mapping and ensure a lower time complexity. Simulation results show that our method achieves an appropriate balance between peak temperature and network competition.
Moirae: History-Enhanced Monitoring

In this paper, we investigate the benefits and challenges of integrating history into a near-real-time monitoring system; and present a general purpose continuous monitoring engine, called Moirae, that supports this integration. Moirae is designed to enable different types of queries over live and historical data. In particular, Moirae supports (1) queries that look up specific historical information for each newly detected event and (2) queries that complement new events with information about similar past events. Moirae focuses on applications where querying a historical log in its entirety would be too slow to meet application needs, and could potentially yield an overwhelming number of results. The goal of the system is to produce the most relevant approximate results quickly and, when necessary, additional more precise results incrementally. In this paper, we discuss the challenges of integrating history into a continuous monitoring engine, present the design of Moirae, and show how our proposed architecture supports the above types of queries.
Comparing Guidelines for Statin Treatment in Canada and the United States

Background New guidelines for cardiovascular disease risk assessment and statin eligibility have recently been published in the United States by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC-AHA). It is unknown how these guidelines compare with the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) recommendations. Methods and Results Using data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2007–2011, we estimated the cardiovascular disease risk and proportion of the Canadian population, aged 40 to 75 years without cardiovascular disease, who would theoretically be eligible for statin treatment under both the CCS and ACC-AHA guidelines. The survey sample used (n=1975) represented 13.1 million community dwelling Canadians between the ages of 40 and 75 years. In comparing the CVD risk assessment methods, we found that calculated CVD risk was higher based on the CCS guidelines compared with the ACC-AHA guidelines. Despite this, a similar proportion and number of Canadians would be eligible for statin treatment under the 2 sets of recommendations. Some discordance in recommendations was found within subgroups of the population, with the CCS guidelines recommending more treatment for individuals who are younger, with a family history of CVD, or with chronic kidney disease. The ACC-AHA recommend more treatment for people who are older (age 60+ years). These results likely overestimate the treatment rate under both guidelines because, in primary prevention, a clinician–patient discussion must occur before treatment and determines uptake. Conclusions Implementing the ACC-AHA lipid treatment guidelines in Canada would not result in an increase in individuals eligible for statin treatment. In fact, the proportion of the population recommended for statin treatment would decrease slightly and be targeted at different subgroups of the population.
The Load Model: an alternative to QALY

Abstract Background: QALYs are widely used in health economic evaluation, but remain controversial, largely because they do not reflect how many people behave in practice. This paper presents a new conceptual model (Load Model) and illustrates it in comparison with the QALY model. Methods: Load is the average annual weight attributed to morbidity and mortality over a defined period, using weightings based on preference judgements. Morbidity Load is attributed to states of illness, according to their perceived severity. When people are in full health, Load is zero (no morbidity). Death is treated as an event with negative consequences, incurred in the year following death. Deaths may be weighted equally, with a fixed negative weight such as −100, or differ according to the context of death. After death, Load is zero. In a worked example, we use the standard gamble method to obtain a weighting for an illness state, for both Load and QALY models. A judge is indifferent between certainty of 1.5 years’ illness followed by death, or a 50/50 chance of 1.5 years’ full health or 1-year illness, each followed by death. The weightings calculated are applied to a hypothetical life, 72 years in full health followed by 3 years with illness then death, using both models. Three other hypothetical outcomes are also compared. Results: For an example life, the relative size of the morbidity component compared with the mortality component is much higher in the Load model than in the QALY model. When comparing alternative outcomes, there are also substantial differences between the two models. Conclusions: In the Load model the weight of morbidity, relative to mortality, is very different from that in the QALY model. Given the role of the QALYs in economic evaluation, the implications of an alternative, which generates very different results, warrant further exploration.