Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sole rearrangement but not amplification of MYC is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma and B cell lymphoma unclassifiable

Rearrangement of MYC is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B cell lymphoma unclassifiable (BCLU), particularly in the setting of double hit lymphoma (DHL). However, little is known about outcomes of patients who demonstrate MYC rearrangement without evidence of BCL2 or BCL6 rearrangement (single hit) or amplification (>4 copies) of MYC. We identified 87 patients with single hit lymphoma (SHL), 22 patients with MYC‐amplified lymphoma (MYC amp) as well as 127 DLBCL patients without MYC rearrangement or amplification (MYC normal) and 45 patients with DHL, all treated with either R‐CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) or intensive induction therapy. For SHL and MYC amp patients, the 2‐year progression‐free survival rate (PFS) was 49% and 48% and 2‐year overall survival rate (OS) was 59% and 71%, respectively. SHL patients receiving intensive induction experienced higher 2‐year PFS (59% vs. 23%, P = 0·006) but similar 2‐year OS as compared with SHL patients receiving R‐CHOP. SHL DLBCL patients treated with R‐CHOP, but not intensive induction, experienced significantly lower 2‐year PFS and OS (P < 0·001 for both) when compared with MYC normal patients. SHL patients appear to have a poor prognosis, which may be improved with receipt of intensive induction.
Isoperimetry and heat kernel decay on percolation clusters

We prove that the heat kernel on the infinite Bernoulli percolation cluster in \Zd almost surely decays faster than t−d/2. We also derive estimates on the mixing time for the random walk confined to a finite box. Our approach is based on local isoperimetric inequalities. Some of the results of this paper were previously announced in the note of Mathieu and Remy [C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Ser. I Math. 332 (2001) 927--931].
Error propagation in pesticide residue measurements estimated by computational simulations and inter-laboratory sample analysis

An assessment of the error associated with conventional pesticide residue analysis has been conducted based on computer simulations and inter-laboratory residue analysis. Computational simulations were conducted based on (i) typical performance and regulatory acceptance criteria of analytical methods, and (ii) field residue distributions. In addition, field samples with incurred residues were sent to different private laboratories and the results compared. The relative difference in pesticide residues obtained when samples from the same field or produce lot are analyzed at separate laboratories was used to quantify the uncertainty associated with residue analyses performed using common analytical technology, and methods that are in compliance with current regulatory requirements. The study showed that differences of > 100% are common and should be expected when samples from the same crop are analyzed at different laboratories. The results also suggest that the error within residue measurements can be particularly detrimental when a result is reported near the maximum residue limit (MRL).
Using Presence to Improve a Virtual Training Environment

In the rail industry, drivers must be trained to operate complex heavy machinery while responding appropriately to rapidly unfolding events in environments that are expensive and often dangerous to replicate in the real world. Virtual training environments (VTEs) can deliver stress exposure training to improve the decision-making skills of train drivers. Higher levels of recallable knowledge in the real world have been linked directly to the degree to which trainees have been engrossed in their VTE, an experience often measured through the concept of "presence. " This paper reports on the use of presence to guide improvements to a VTE developed to deliver driver training in degraded track conditions. Two surveys were used to collect data on train drivers' introspective feedback on the level of presence created by the virtual rail environment and the simulator's effectiveness in generating immersion across a range of presence causal factors. Results indicate that using presence to investigate VTEs has practical significance. Outcomes provide direct information on where future improvements and modifications to the VTE can be made.
A fast modulator for dynamic supply linear RF power amplifier

A fast modulator for dynamic supply linear RF amplifier has been integrated in a 0.35/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The use of this modulator with an external linear power amplifier (PA) allows to maintain its efficiency at a higher level than it would with the same PA supplied at constant voltage. The modulator is designed to track rapid envelope variations at high efficiency without compromising the RF PA linearity.
Minimizing stand-by leakage power in static CMOS circuits

In this paper we concern ourselves with the problem of minimizing leakage power in CMOS circuits consisting of AOI (and-or-invert) gates as they operate in stand-by mode or an idle mode waiting for other circuits to complete their operation. It is known that leakage power due to sub-threshold leakage current in transistors in the OFF state is dependent on the input vector applied. Therefore, we try to compute an input vector that can be applied to the circuit in stand-by mode so that the power loss due to sub-threshold leakage current is the minimum possible. We employ a integer linear programming (ILP) approach to solve the problem of minimizing leakage by first obtaining a good lower bound (estimate) on the minimum leakage power and then rounding the solution to actually obtain an input vector that causes low leakage. The chief advantage of this technique as opposed to others in the literature is that it invariably provides us with a good idea about the quality of the input vector found.
A systematic review of electrophysiological outcomes following auditory training in school-age children with auditory processing deficits

Abstract Objective: To systematically review the peer-reviewed literature on electrophysiological outcomes following auditory training (AT) in school-age children with (central) auditory processing disorder ([C]APD). Design: A systematic review. Study sample: Searches of 16 electronic databases yielded four studies involving school-aged children whose auditory processing deficits had been confirmed in a manner consistent with 5 and 1 and compared to a treated and/or an untreated control group before and after AT. A further three studies were identified with one lacking a control group and two measuring auditory processing in a manner not consistent with 5 and 1. Results: There is limited evidence that AT leads to measurable electrophysiological changes in children with auditory processing deficits. Conclusion: The evidence base is too small and weak to provide clear guidance on the use of electrophysiological outcomes as a measure of AT outcomes in children with auditory processing problems. The currently limited data can only be used to suggest that click-evoked AMLR and tone-burst evoked auditory P300 might be more likely to detect such outcomes in children diagnosed with (C)APD, and that speech-evoked ALLR might be more likely to detect phonological processing changes in children without a specific diagnosis of (C)APD.
Performance degradation of DOA estimators due to unknown noise fields

A statistical performance analysis of subspace-based direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms in the presence of correlated observation noise with unknown covariance is presented. This analysis of five different estimation algorithms is unified by a single expression for the mean-squared DOA estimation error which is derived using a subspace perturbation expansion. The analysis assumes that only finite amount of array data is available. <<ETX>>
The influence of process parameters on structure and abrasive wear resistance of laser clad WC-NiCrBSi coatings

In laser cladding, the final structure of coatings and thus their functional properties are dependent on process parameters used and the initial powder composition. This study focuses on laser cladding of WC-NiCrBSi coatings. As the powder used is a blend of 60% tungsten carbide spherical particles and 40% NiCrBSi matrix, the carbides’ morphology and distribution in the final coating would be dependent on laser cladding parameters. Coatings were cladded using a solid state laser and by varying key process parameters: process speed, powder feed rate and laser power. Cladded coatings are evaluated in terms of their microstructure, hardness and abrasive wear resistance tested by dry sand rubber wheel test ASTM G-65. It was found that the amount of dissolved WC carbides increases with increasing heat input and both Fe dilution and carbide dissolution affect the coatings´ properties. This shows that the selection of process parameters is crucial, as they significantly affect the final coatings´ wear resistance. In the overlay regions, the non-homogeneity of the coating’s microstructure was responsible for significant selective abrasive wear behavior.
Serial echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular geometry and function after large myocardial infarction in the rat.

BACKGROUND The development of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction (MI) may be related to alterations of left ventricular (LV) structure and function. Pathological LV remodeling may exacerbate systolic and diastolic dysfunction because increased cavity dimensions tend to increase LV wall stress. Unfortunately, many complicating factors have made it difficult to clearly define the time course of LV remodeling after myocardial infarction in patients, and the contribution of structural changes to altered function has not been fully explored. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the type, magnitude, and time course of changes in LV geometry and function, we performed transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic examinations in rats before and 1 and 6 weeks after transmural MI induced by coronary ligation. LV internal diastolic dimension was greater in infarcted than in sham-operated rats at 1 and 6 weeks after MI (9.4 +/- 0.6 versus 8.0 +/- 0.5 and 10.1 +/- 0.9 versus 8.5 +/- 0.9 mm, respectively; P < .05 compared with sham-operated rats). There was significant thinning of the infarcted anterior wall at 1 and 6 weeks (0.99 +/- 0.2 versus 1.33 +/- 0.19 and 0.96 +/- 0.22 versus 1.51 +/- 0.18 mm, P < .05), while the thickness of the noninfarcted posterior wall increased but was not different from normal growth in sham-operated rats. Six weeks after surgery, fractional shortening was impaired (11 +/- 5% versus 35 +/- 5%, P < .05), and systolic thickening of the noninfarcted posterior wall was depressed (38 +/- 9% versus 67 +/- 18%, P < .05) in infarcted rats compared with shams. These changes in structure and systolic function were accompanied by progressive alterations in LV diastolic filling. Peak early filling velocity increased at 1 and 6 weeks in MI rats (91 +/- 9 versus 79 +/- 9 and 100 +/- 14 versus 74 +/- 11 cm/s, P < .05), and the deceleration rate of the early filling wave was more rapid in rats with MI (21.6 +/- 5.0 versus 15.6 +/- 3.1 and 26.1 +/- 9.8 versus 11.2 +/- 2.7 m/s2, P < .05). Late filling velocity was decreased (16 +/- 15 versus 33 +/- 7 and 15 +/- 18 versus 34 +/- 5 cm/s, P < .05), resulting in a marked increase in the ratio of early to late filling. The peak velocity and the velocity-time integral of LV outflow did not change after MI. CONCLUSIONS Postinfarction LV remodeling in the rat is characterized by progressive cavity dilatation, inadequate hypertrophy of the surviving myocardium, the gradual development of regional contractile dysfunction in noninfarcted segments, and marked abnormalities of diastolic filling. These changes can be tracked longitudinally with transthoracic echocardiography.
Identification and Characterization of MicroRNAs in Ginkgo biloba var. epiphylla Mak

Ginkgo biloba, a dioecious plant known as a living fossil, is an ancient gymnosperm that stands distinct from other gymnosperms and angiosperms. Ginkgo biloba var. epiphylla (G. biloba var. epiphylla), with ovules borne on the leaf blade, is an unusual germplasm derived from G. biloba. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional gene regulators that play critical roles in diverse biological and metabolic processes. Currently, little is known about the miRNAs involved in the key stage of partly epiphyllous ovule germination in G. biloba var. epiphylla. Two small RNA libraries constructed from epiphyllous ovule leaves and normal leaves of G. biloba var. epiphylla were sequenced on an Illumina/Solexa platform. A total of 82 miRNA sequences belonging to 23 families and 53 putative novel miRNAs were identified in the two libraries. Differential expression analysis showed that 25 conserved and 21 novel miRNAs were differentially expressed between epiphyllous ovule leaves and normal leaves. The expression patterns of partially differentially expressed miRNAs and the transcript levels of their predicted target genes were validated by quantitative real time RT-PCR. All the expression profiles of the 21 selected miRNAs were similar to those detected by Solexa deep sequencing. Additionally, the transcript levels of almost all the putative target genes of 9 selected miRNAs were opposite to those of the corresponding miRNAs. The putative target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs were annotated with Gene Ontology terms related to reproductive process, metabolic process and responding to stimulus. This work presents a broad range of small RNA transcriptome data obtained from epiphyllous ovule and normal leaves of G. biloba var. epiphylla, which may provide insights into the miRNA-mediated regulation in the epiphyllous ovule germination process.
Measurement of lung airways in three dimensions using hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI

Large airway measurement is clinically important in cases of airway disease and trauma. The gold standard is computed tomography (CT), which allows for airway measurement. However, the ionizing radiation dose associated with CT is a major limitation in longitudinal studies and trauma. To avoid ionizing radiation from CT, we present a method for measuring the large airway diameter in humans using hyperpolarized helium-3 (HPHe) MRI in conjunction with a dynamic 3D radial acquisition. An algorithm is introduced which utilizes the significant airway contrast for semi-automated segmentation and skeletonization which is used to derive the airway lumen diameter. The HPHe MRI method was validated with quantitative CT in an excised and desiccated porcine lung (linear regression R2 = 0.974 and slope = 0.966 over 32 airway segments). The airway lumen diameters were then compared in 24 human subjects (22 asthmatics and 2 normals; linear regression R2 value of 0.799 and slope = 0.768 over 309 airway segments). The feasibility for airway path analysis to areas of ventilation defect is also demonstrated.
Guidelines for Depicting Emotions in Storyboard Scenarios

Designers use storyboards to present scenarios of future product use. Despite the benefits of conveying emotional experiences in storyboard scenarios, the design community lacks guidance on how emotion should be depicted in storyboards. We conducted interviews with cartoon artists and used crowdsourcing to classify a large set of emotion examples from comics and manga. Results show that people can recognize instances of happy, angry, and sad emotions rather reliably, but they often misinterpret emotional expressions for fearful, surprised, and disgusted. We extract the most salient features for expressing basic emotions, and create design recommendations for how to depict emotion successfully in storyboards.
Toward Interpretable Topic Discovery via Anchored Correlation Explanation

Many predictive tasks, such as diagnosing a patient based on their medical chart, are ultimately defined by the decisions of human experts. Unfortunately, encoding experts' knowledge is often time consuming and expensive. We propose a simple way to use fuzzy and informal knowledge from experts to guide discovery of interpretable latent topics in text. The underlying intuition of our approach is that latent factors should be informative about both correlations in the data and a set of relevance variables specified by an expert. Mathematically, this approach is a combination of the information bottleneck and Total Correlation Explanation (CorEx). We give a preliminary evaluation of Anchored CorEx, showing that it produces more coherent and interpretable topics on two distinct corpora.
DCOS, a real-time light-weight Data Centric Operating System

DCOS is a Data Centric lightweight Operating System for embedded devices. Despite limited energy and hardware resources, it supports a data driven architecture with provisions for dynamic loadable Modules. It combines these with Real-Time provisions based on Earliest Deadline First with a simple but smart resource handling mechanism. We will give an overview of the capabilities of DCOS and we will describe the basics of the main mechanisms.
COLLAGE: A collaborative Learning Design editor based on patterns

CSCL (Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning) constitutes a significant field that has drawn the attention of many researchers and practitioners (Dillenbourg, 2002). This domain is characterized by the coexistence of very different expectations, requirements, knowledge and interests posed by both collaborative learning practitioners and experts in information and communication technologies. In other words, CSCL is an intrinsically interdisciplinary field that implies a need for mutual understanding among the implied stakeholders. This need demands the active participation of all these stakeholders during the whole development cycle of CSCL solutions. Participatory Design (PD) approaches (Muller & Kuhn, 1993) propose a diversity of theories, practices, etc. with the goal of working directly with users and other stakeholders in the design of social systems. That is, PD methodologies define processes where users and developers work together during a certain period of time, while they identify the requirements of an application. In the CSCL case, it has been shown that it is not efficient enough to simply perform the identification and analysis of requirements for the development of CSCL solutions that support effective ways of learning. Collaborative learning practitioners also become active players in the process of customizing technological solutions to their particular needs in every learning situation. PD poses a new requirement that CSCL developers should tackle: how to obtain technological solutions for collaborative learning capable of being particularized/customized by practitioners that usually do not have technological skills.
Nucleic Acids Research

The intervening sequence excised from the ribosomal RNA precursor of Tetrahymena contains a 5'-terminal guanosine residue not encoded by the DNA ABSTRACT The ribosomal RNA precursor of Tetrahymena thermophila contains a 0.4 kilobase intervening sequence that is excised as a linear RNA molecule ("IVS RNA") and subsequently cyclized. In vitro transcription in isolated nuclei was used to accumulate the IVS RNA. IVS RNA labeled at its 5' end was subjec- ted to sequencing gel analysis and terminal nucleotide analysis. In addition, uniformly labeled IVS RNA was cleaved with RNAase T1, and the resulting oligo- nucleotides were studied by two-dimensional fingerprinting. The IVS RNA was found to be a unique molecule with no discernible terminal heterogeneity. The 5'-terminal nucleotide is a guanosine that is not present at the corresponding point in the DNA sequence, determined by N. Kan and J. Gall (see adjoining paper). This nucleotide is added to the IVS during splicing [Cech, Zaug, and Grabowski (1981) Cell 27, 487-496]. Based on the sequences near the ends of the RNA, the remainder of the RNA sequence is colinear with that of the DNA. The IVS RNA has 5'-monophosphate and 3'-hydroxyl termini. Comparison of these results to those obtained previously for yeast tRNA intervening sequences leads us to conclude that the splicing mechanisms are fundamentally different for these two classes of transcripts.
Rumen degradability and ileal digestibility of proteins and amino acids of feedstuffs for cows

Knowledge of the profile of amino acids of the rumen-undegradable protein can help in the formulation of diets to provide amino acids that complement microbial protein as well as supply amino acids, which are most limiting for milk production. Three non-lactating cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used to determine the effect of in situ rumen degradation on crude protein and amino acid profile of rumen-undegraded protein of feedstuffs. The obtained values of rumen degradability of crude protein with significant difference (P < 0.001) between feeds ranged from 20.3 to 76.3% (mean 62.0 ± 17.9%) and values of total amino acids ranged from 30.9% in corn gluten meal to 83.8% in corn gluten feed (mean 67.5 ± 16.4%). An in vitro modified 3-step method was used to determine intestinal digestibility. Intestinal digestibility of undegraded protein varied from 54.5 ± 1.4% in raw soybean to 95.2 ± 1.0% in corn gluten feed. The absorbable amino acid profile of rumen-undegraded protein for each feedstuff was compared with profiles of the original feedstuff and the rumen-exposed undegraded protein. Absorbable lysine (9.3 ± 1.1 g/kg of crude protein) was higher in products of soybean and sunflower cake. Corn gluten feed and meal supplied more absorbable methionine (3.6 ± 0.6 g/kg of crude protein). This study showed that the digestibility factor of crude protein and amino acid based on in situ and in vitro methods for thermal treatment of protein feeds can be used in models to optimize the amino acid nutrition of dairy cows and expand knowledge about rumen degradability and ileal digestibility of amino acids in feedstuffs. Rumen degradation, undegradable, intestinal, thermal treatment, milk protein
Novel method for registering an endoscope in an operative setup

Calibration and registration of an endoscope are important steps while using the endoscope for any augmented reality applications or for the recovery of 3D information from it during surgical procedures. Traditionally calibration and registration are done simultaneously just before surgery. In this paper we present a novel registration technique, following offline calibration, which is simple, fast and concurs with the ergonomics of an operating room. We are developing a new hybrid navigation system for the purpose of navigation in ventral spine surgeries where in the endoscope is calibrated once in several surgeries, but, it is registered by the proposed novel technique before every surgical procedure
PAPER ON RETINA AUTHENTICATION AND ITS SECURITY ISSUES

Now a days biometric technology is becoming the foundation of providing highly secure solutions for personal identification and authentication. In this paper the major focus is being considered on Retina biometric because of its invariant features. The retina is itself a secure object as it lies behind the lens and unforgeble and it is unique to each individual. The process of authentication includes the detection of blood vessels and feature points. In this we analyzed different methods required to extract, filter, and store the blood vessels, and features of retina the methods are bifurcation method, bifurcation and crossover method, optic method and retina feature points extraction algorithm. We also have compared them as well as finally we have made our conclusion that which method is best.
Role-depth Bounded Least Common Subsumer in Prob-EL with Nominals

Completion-based algorithms can be employed for computing the least common subsumer of two concepts up to a given role-depth, in extensions of the lightweight DL EL. This approach has been applied also to the probabilistic DL Prob-EL, which is variant of EL with subjective probabilities. In this paper we extend the completion-based lcscomputation algorithm to nominals, yielding a procedure for the DL Prob-ELO01 c .