Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A model of the Ebola epidemics in West Africa incorporating age of infection

ABSTRACT A model of an Ebola epidemic is developed with infected individuals structured according to disease age. The transmission of the infection is tracked by disease age through an initial incubation (exposed) phase, followed by an infectious phase with variable transmission infectiousness. The removal of infected individuals is dependent on disease age, with three types of removal rates: (1) removal due to hospitalization (isolation), (2) removal due to mortality separate from hospitalization, and (3) removal due to recovery separate from hospitalization. The model is applied to the Ebola epidemics in Sierra Leone and Guinea. Model simulations indicate that successive stages of increased and earlier hospitalization of cases have resulted in mitigation of the epidemics.
Optimal Stochastic Coordinated Beamforming with Compressive CSI Acquisition for Cloud-RAN

Cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN) is a revolutionary RAN architecture. It provides a cost-effective way to improve both the network capacity and energy efficiency by shifting the baseband signal processing to a single baseband unit (BBU) pool, which enables centralized signal processing. However, in order to exploit the performance gains of full cooperation, full channel state information (CSI) is often required, which will incur excessive signaling overhead and degrade the network performance. To resolve the CSI challenge for Cloud-RAN, we propose a novel CSI acquisition method, called compressive CSI acquisition. This new method can effectively reduce the CSI signaling overhead by obtaining instantaneous coefficients of only a subset of all the channel links. As a result, the BBU pool will obtain mixed CSI consisting of instantaneous values of some links and statistical CSI for the others. We then propose a stochastic coordinated beamforming (SCB) framework to deal with the uncertainty in the available mixed CSI. The SCB problem turns out to be a joint chance constrained program (JCCP) and is known to be highly intractable. In contrast to all the previous algorithms for JCCP that can only find feasible but sub-optimal solutions, we propose a novel stochastic DC (difference-of-convex) programming algorithm with optimality guarantee. To reduce the computational complexity, we also propose two low-complexity algorithms using the scenario approach and the Bernstein approximation method for larger-sized networks. Simulation results will show that the proposed compressive CSI acquisition method can reduce the CSI overhead significantly, and the proposed SCB algorithms provide performances close to the full CSI case.
Separate Areas for Mirror Responses and Agency within the Parietal Operculum

There is common neural activity in parietal and premotor cortex when executing and observing goal-directed movements: the “mirror” response. In addition, active and passive limb movements cause overlapping activity in premotor and somatosensory cortex. This association of motor and sensory activity cannot ascribe agency, the ability to discriminate between self- and non-self-generated events. This requires that some signals accompanying self-initiated limb movement dissociate from those evoked by observing the action of another or by movement imposed on oneself by external force. We demonstrated associated activity within the medial parietal operculum in response to feedforward visual or somatosensory information accompanying observed and imposed finger movements. In contrast, the response to motor and somatosensory information during self-initiated finger and observed movements resulted in activity localized to the lateral parietal operculum. This ascribes separate functions to medial and lateral second-order somatosensory cortex, anatomically dissociating the agent and the mirror response, demonstrating how executed and observed events are distinguished despite common activity in widespread sensorimotor cortices.
Video Transmission Using Multi-Level Content Aware Compression Based on Object Detection

The computational power of network nodes whether it is a mobile device or a miniaturized computer increases year by year, however the capacity of wireless channels in 4G networks is still falling behind for real-time video transmission. The paper proposes utilizing the computational capacities of mobile devices to detect objects of interest and apply less compression to corresponding regions, while the rest of the video frame is compressed with a higher compression ratio. We generalized this approach on multiple compression ratios depending on the importance of detected objects. For testing purposes we implemented a transmission system that takes into account the content that is being transmitted.
Protein degradation and dynamic tRNA thiolation fine-tune translation at elevated temperatures

Maintenance of protein quality control has implications in various processes such as neurodegeneration and ageing. To investigate how environmental insults affect this process, we analysed the proteome of yeast continuously exposed to mild heat stress. In agreement with previous transcriptomics studies, amongst the most marked changes, we found up-regulation of cytoprotective factors; a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to fermentation; and down-regulation of translation. Importantly, we also identified a novel, post-translationally controlled, component of the heat shock response. The abundance of Ncs2p and Ncs6p, two members of the URM1 pathway responsible for the thiolation of wobble uridines in cytoplasmic tRNAs tKUUU, tQUUG and tEUUC, is down-regulated in a proteasomal dependent fashion. Using random forests we show that this results in differential translation of transcripts with a biased content for the corresponding codons. We propose that the role of this pathway in promoting catabolic and inhibiting anabolic processes, affords cells with additional time and resources needed to attain proper protein folding under periods of stress.
Application of Wavelet Transform Analysis to ADCs Harmonics Distortion

This paper presents a new method of detecting Analog to Digital Converter harmonic distortion. The new method is based on Wavelet multi-resolution process to identify instantaneous harmonic components. In classical testing, Fourier transform algorithm was long adopted to estimate Total Harmonic Distortion by obtaining signal power spectrum. While the conventional method of Fourier transform tend to be complicated and lengthy, the new investigated algorithms of Wavelet transform has shown less computations process and instantaneous testing of ADCs harmonic distortions. By shorten testing times and reduced computation complexity, Wavelet transform can be particularly appropriate for developing ADCs low-cost, and fast testing procedure.
FCJ-071 Dada Redux: Elements of Dadaist Practice in Contemporary Electronic Literature

The Dada movement was a multimedia avant-garde art practice that began in Zurich during World War I and flourished in Berlin, Paris, and New York from 1916 until 1920. Beginning as a disgusted response to the war and the blithely nationalistc bourgeois attitudes the Dada felt were at the root of the conflict, the Dada developed and refined the notion of "anti-art" as an expression of dissatisfaction with the dominant contemporary ideology. Although the period in which Dada was an active organized cultural movement was quite short, its legacy is widespread and profound. Individual Dada artists including Hugo Ball, Tristan Tzara, Max Ernst, Francis Picabia, Man Ray, Marcel Duchamp, and others went on to influence many of the twentieth century's most important art movements, such as surrealism, modernism, and conceptual art. This essay examines new manifestations of these elements of Dadaist practice in works of electronic literature produced within the last decade. Ninety years after the original Dadaist movement, writers and artists use elements of Dadaist practice in the production of contemporary works of electronic literature. Through readings of works of electronic literature, the essay argues that while techniques have been adapted to the media-specific affordances of the networked computer, many of the practices popularized by the Dada during the early twentieth century form the basis of methods utilized by new media artists and writers today. By comparing the art and activities of early Dadaist artists to the work of contemporary digital writers, the essay advocates a critical approach to new media writing that both accounts for the specific properties of literature produced for networked computer environments and also examines these artifacts within the contextualizing historical framework of the avant-garde.
Vaccinia Virus Envelope H3L Protein Binds to Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate and Is Important for Intracellular Mature Virion Morphogenesis and Virus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

ABSTRACT An immunodominant antigen, p35, is expressed on the envelope of intracellular mature virions (IMV) of vaccinia virus. p35 is encoded by the viral late gene H3L, but its role in the virus life cycle is not known. This report demonstrates that soluble H3L protein binds to heparan sulfate on the cell surface and competes with the binding of vaccinia virus, indicating a role for H3L protein in IMV adsorption to mammalian cells. A mutant virus defective in expression of H3L (H3L−) was constructed; the mutant virus has a small plaque phenotype and 10-fold lower IMV and extracellular enveloped virion titers than the wild-type virus. Virion morphogenesis is severely blocked and intermediate viral structures such as viral factories and crescents accumulate in cells infected with the H3L− mutant virus. IMV from the H3L− mutant virus are somewhat altered and less infectious than wild-type virions. However, cells infected by the mutant virus form multinucleated syncytia after low pH treatment, suggesting that H3L protein is not required for cell fusion. Mice inoculated intranasally with wild-type virus show high mortality and severe weight loss, whereas mice infected with H3L− mutant virus survive and recover faster, indicating that inactivation of the H3L gene attenuates virus virulence in vivo. In summary, these data indicate that H3L protein mediates vaccinia virus adsorption to cell surface heparan sulfate and is important for vaccinia virus infection in vitro and in vivo. In addition, H3L protein plays a role in virion assembly.
The all loop AdS4/CFT3 Bethe ansatz

We propose a set of Bethe equations yielding the full asymptotic spectrum of the AdS4/CFT3 duality proposed in arXiv:0806.1218 to all orders in the t'Hooft coupling. These equations interpolate between the 2-loop Bethe ansatz of Minahan and Zarembo arXiv:0806.3951 and the string algebraic curve of arXiv:0807.0437. The several SU(2|2) symmetries of the theory seem to highly constrain the form of the Bethe equations up to a dressing factor whose form we also conjecture.
Balancing Processor Loads and Exploiting Data Locality in N-Body Simulations

Although N-body simulation algorithms are amenable to parallelization, performance gains from execution on parallel machines are difficult to obtain due to load imbalances caused by irregular distributions of bodies. In general, there is a tension between balancing processor loads and maintaining locality, as the dynamic re-assignment of work necessitates access to remote data. Fractiling is a dynamic scheduling scheme that simultaneously balances processor loads and maintains locality by exploiting the self-similarity properties of fractals. Fractiling is based on a probabilistic analysis, and thus, accommodates load imbalances caused by predictable phenomena, such as irregular data, and unpredictable phenomena, such as data-access latencies. In experiments on a KSR1, performance of N-body simulation codes were improved by as much as 53% by fractiling. Performance improvements were obtained on uniform and nonuniform distributions of bodies, underscoring the need for a scheduling scheme that accommodates system induced variance. As the fractiling scheme is orthogonal to the N-body algorithm, we could use simple codes that discretize space into equal-size subrectangles (2-d) or subcubes (3-d) as the base algorithms.
Adolescents’ experiences of school belonging: a qualitative meta-synthesis

ABSTRACT School belonging is associated with positive social and academic outcomes. This meta-synthesis aimed to explore adolescents’ accounts of the experience of school belonging, and to promote their understanding of this experience in order to inform policy and practice. A meta-ethnographic methodology was used; this involved a process of reciprocal translation and subsequent synthesis of eight qualitative studies. The synthesis generated four main concepts: (1) school belonging and intersubjectivity; (2) school belonging and knowledge, understanding and acceptance of individual identity; (3) school belonging and experiences of in-group membership and (4) school belonging and safety/security. The synthesis of translation generated the higher-order concept of school belonging as ‘feeling safe to be yourself in and through relationships with others in the school setting’. This concept considers the experience of school belonging for adolescents as a foundational prerequisite of academic engagement and achievement. The implications of these findings for education, social care and mental health practitioners and policymakers are discussed.
Deletion of the Nuclear Localization Sequences and C-Terminus of PTHrP Impairs Embryonic Mammary Development but also Inhibits PTHrP Production

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) can be secreted from cells and interact with its receptor, the Type 1 PTH/PTHrP Receptor (PTHR1) in an autocrine, paracrine or endocrine fashion. PTHrP can also remain inside cells and be transported into the nucleus, where its functions are unclear, although recent experiments suggest that it may broadly regulate cell survival and senescence. Disruption of either the PTHrP or PTHR1 gene results in many abnormalities including a failure of embryonic mammary gland development in mice and in humans. In order to examine the potential functions of nuclear PTHrP in the breast, we examined mammary gland development in PTHrP (1–84) knock-in mice, which express a mutant form of PTHrP that lacks the C-terminus and nuclear localization signals and which can be secreted but cannot enter the nucleus. Interestingly, we found that PTHrP (1–84) knock-in mice had defects in mammary mesenchyme differentiation and mammary duct outgrowth that were nearly identical to those previously described in PTHrP−/− and PTHR1−/− mice. However, the mammary buds in PTHrP (1–84) knock-in mice had severe reductions in mutant PTHrP mRNA levels, suggesting that the developmental defects were due to insufficient production of PTHrP by mammary epithelial cells and not loss of PTHrP nuclear function. Examination of the effects of nuclear PTHrP in the mammary gland in vivo will require the development of alternative animal models.
Syntactic Markedness as a Stylistic Feature in the Great Gatsby

This study investigates the linguistic code choices of Francis Stott Fitzgerald for one of his masterpieces: The Great Gatsby. It hypothesizes that as a linguistic virtuoso, Fitzgerald exploits marked linguistic choices to convey his intentional meaning throughout the novel. “Marked” linguistic choices are defined as departures from the expected or the norm to negotiate a change during a discourse. This study assumes that the writer who is a linguistic virtuoso will “mark” the crucial passages (i.e., the passages which carry the author’s most important messages) by using marked syntactic structures and certain grammatical categories to set them off from the rest of the work. The study aims to find whether Fitzgerald marks the crucial narrative passages in The Great Gatsby by using particular syntactic structures which are demonstratively different from the typical narrative passages in the novel as a whole. To do so, it analyzes five passages which are crucial in carrying the “authorial message”, and these passages differ syntactically from five matched passages which largely function only to carry the story line forward. The stylistic analysis rests on a frequency count of the major components of the phrase structure and the most important grammatical categories in the paired paragraphs. Based on the analytical results, this study reaches the conclusion that the syntactic markedness stands out as a stylistic feature in The Great Gatsby, and such a stylistic feature can only become salient beyond surface-level considerations of phrase structure and grammatical categories in any stylistic analysis of literary works.
A Reconfigurable Distributed Broker Infrastructure for Publish Subscribe Based MANET

Publish-subscribe communication paradigm is an attractive alternative for MANET because of its anonymous, asynchronous and decoupled behavior. A broker is a dominant component of this paradigm and its design is non-trivial in MANET due to unpredictable mobility of nodes. In this paper, we present an algorithm to establish a reconfigurable, distributed network of brokers, facilitating guaranteed communication between mobile publisher and subscriber. Our approach dynamically elects a set of brokers, such that every non-broker node has a broker in its range. These brokers subsequently establish connection with their neighbor brokers, ensuring connectivity among them. Simulation results indicate that for a given node density the number of brokers in network becomes stable after initial fluctuation. Further, number of brokers decreases with increase in node density. The results also indicate that number of brokers remain stable up to a certain mobility speed and tend to fluctuate only at very high speed.
Nitric oxide accelerates germination via the regulation of respiration in chickpea

Abstract Seed germination is crucial for the plant life cycle. We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in two chickpea varieties that differ in germination capacity: Kabuli, which has a low rate of germination and germinates slowly, and Desi, which shows improved germination properties. Desi produced more NO than Kabuli and had lower respiratory rates. As a result of the high respiration rates, Kabuli had higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Treatment with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (SNAP) reduced respiration in Kabuli and decreased ROS levels, resulting in accelerated germination rates. These findings suggest that NO plays a key role in the germination of Kabuli. SNAP increased the levels of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and the cell cycle. Moreover, the levels of amino acids and organic acids were increased in Kabuli as a result of SNAP treatment. 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that Kabuli has a higher capacity for glucose oxidation than Desi. An observed SNAP-induced increase in 13C incorporation into soluble alanine may result from enhanced oxidation of exogenous [13C]glucose via glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. A homozygous hybrid that originated from a recombinant inbred line population of a cross between Desi and Kabuli germinated faster and had increased NO levels and a reduced accumulation of ROS compared with Kabuli. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the importance of NO in chickpea germination via the control of respiration and ROS accumulation.
Torso Detection and Tracking using a 2 D Laser Range Finder

Detecting and tracking people in populated environments has various applications including, robotics, healthcare, automotive, security and defence. In this paper, we present an algorithm for people detection and tracking based on a two dimensional laser rage finder (LRF). The LRF was mounted on a mobile robotic platform to scan a torso section of a person. The tracker is designed to discard spurious targets based on the log likelihood ratio and can effectively handle short term occlusions. Long term occlusions are considered as new tracks. Performance of the algorithm is analysed based on experiments, which shows appealing results.
An O(m) Algorithm for Cores Decomposition of Networks

The structure of large networks can be revealed by partitioning them to smaller parts, which are easier to handle. One of such decompositions is based on k{cores, proposed in 1983 by Seidman. In the paper an ecien t, O(m), m is the number of lines, algorithm for determining the cores decomposition of a given simple network is presented. An application on the authors collaboration network in computational geometry is presented.
Memory bank and register allocation in software synthesis for ASIPs

An architectural feature commonly found in digital signal processors (DSPs) is multiple data-memory banks. This feature increases memory bandwidth by permitting multiple memory accesses to occur in parallel when the referenced variables belong to different memory banks and the registers involved are allocated according to a strict set of conditions, Unfortunately, current compiler technology is unable to take advantage of the potential increase in parallelism offered by such architectures, Consequently, most application software for DSP systems is hand-written-a very time-consuming task. We present an algorithm which attempts to maximize the benefit of this architectural feature. While previous approaches have decoupled the phases of register allocation and memory bank assignment, our algorithm performs these two phases simultaneously. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm substantially improves the code quality of many compiler-generated and even hand-written programs.
Identifying monitoring nodes in MANET by detecting unauthorized and malicious nodes

Mobile ad hoc networks have different characteristics from wired networks. There are new challenges related to security issues that need to be addressed. In this paper, first, critical nodes and authentication in mobile ad hoc networks are discussed. Then, a monitoring nodes selection method with high battery power in these networks is presented. We propose a three-phase detection scheme. In the first phase, unauthorized nodes and in the second phase, malicious nodes are detected. Finally in the third phase, nodes with the largest battery power as monitoring nodes are considered. In the first and the second phases, detection scheme uses non-interactive zero knowledge technique in order to determine the identity of nodes. In this technique, nodes do not need to exchange multiple messages to prove their identities. The proposed scheme is enabled with the main operations of ad hoc networking, which are found at the link and network layers. So, the proposed scheme could improve intrusion detection in the area of security.
Predicting Residue-wise Contact Orders of Native Protein Structure from Amino Acid Sequence

Residue-wise contact order (RWCO) is a new kind of one-dimensional protein structures which represents the extent of long-range contacts. We have recently shown that a set of three types of one-dimensional structures (secondary structure, contact number, and RWCO) contains sufficient information for reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of proteins. Currently, there exist prediction methods for secondary structure and contact number from amino acid sequence, but none exists for RWCO. Also, the properties of amino acids that affect RWCO is not clearly understood. Here, we present a linear regression-based method to predict RWCO from amino acid sequence, and analyze the regression parameters to identify the properties that correlates with the RWCO. The present method achieves the significant correlation of 0.59 between the native and predicted RWCOs on average. An unusual feature of the RWCO prediction is the remarkably large optimal half window size of 26 residues. The regression parameters for the central and near-central residues of the local sequence segment highly correlate with those of the contact number prediction, and hence with hydrophobicity.