Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endogenous U2·U5·U6 snRNA complexes in S. pombe are intron lariat spliceosomes

During logarithmic growth, Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells contain abundant, high-molecular-weight complexes harboring U2, U5, and U6 snRNAs. Chen et al. demonstrate that these complexes are predominantly post-chemistry spliceosomes containing lariat intron and ligated exon products. Build-up of these complexes, possibly due to unstable association of spliceosome disassembly factors, likely explains the inability of S. pombe extracts to catalyze pre-mRNA splicing in vitro.
Compact iterative FPGA Camellia algorithm implementations

We present various iterative Camellia encryption algorithm implementations. The algorithm uses a 128-bit key, which keeps the algorithm as small as possible. The purpose for this implementation is for low-cost or area-restricted implementations suitable for embedded or mobile applications. We discuss the design and implementation considerations for a feedback architecture and achieve a throughput of 426Mbits/sec without key scheduling and 388Mbit/sec with key scheduling.
Prevalence of Childhood Exposure to Violence, Crime, and Abuse: Results From the National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence.

IMPORTANCE It is important to estimate the burden of and trends for violence, crime, and abuse in the lives of children. OBJECTIVE To provide health care professionals, policy makers, and parents with current estimates of exposure to violence, crime, and abuse across childhood and at different developmental stages. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The National Survey of Children's Exposure to Violence (NatSCEV) includes a representative sample of US telephone numbers from August 28, 2013, to April 30, 2014. Via telephone interviews, information was obtained on 4000 children 0 to 17 years old, with information about exposure to violence, crime, and abuse provided by youth 10 to 17 years old and by caregivers for children 0 to 9 years old. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Exposure to violence, crime, and abuse using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 37.3% of youth experienced a physical assault in the study year, and 9.3% of youth experienced an assault-related injury. Two percent of girls experienced sexual assault or sexual abuse in the study year, while the rate was 4.6% for girls 14 to 17 years old. Overall, 15.2% of children and youth experienced maltreatment by a caregiver, including 5.0% who experienced physical abuse. In total, 5.8% witnessed an assault between parents. Only 2 significant rate changes could be detected compared with the last survey in 2011, namely, declines in past-year exposure to dating violence and lifetime exposure to household theft. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children and youth are exposed to violence, abuse, and crime in varied and extensive ways, which justifies continued monitoring and prevention efforts.
Indoor Space Recognition using Deep Convolutional Neural Network: A Case Study at MIT Campus

In this paper, we propose a robust and parsimonious approach using Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to recognize and interpret interior space. DCNN has achieved incredible success in object and scene recognition. In this study we design and train a DCNN to classify a pre-zoning indoor space, and from a single phone photo to recognize the learned space features, with no need of additional assistive technology. We collect more than 600,000 images inside MIT campus buildings to train our DCNN model, and achieved 97.9% accuracy in validation dataset and 81.7% accuracy in test dataset based on spatial-scale fixed model. Furthermore, the recognition accuracy and spatial resolution can be potentially improved through multiscale classification model. We identify the discriminative image regions through Class Activating Mapping (CAM) technique, to observe the model's behavior in how to recognize space and interpret it in an abstract way. By evaluating the results with misclassification matrix, we investigate the visual spatial feature of interior space by looking into its visual similarity and visual distinctiveness, giving insights into interior design and human indoor perception and wayfinding research. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, we propose a robust and parsimonious approach for indoor navigation using DCNN. Second, we demonstrate that DCNN also has a potential capability in space feature learning and recognition, even under severe appearance changes. Third, we introduce a DCNN based approach to look into the visual similarity and visual distinctiveness of interior space.
Characterization of Signals from Multiscale Edges

A multiscale Canny edge detection is equivalent to finding the local maxima of a wavelet transform. The authors study the properties of multiscale edges through the wavelet theory. For pattern recognition, one often needs to discriminate different types of edges. They show that the evolution of wavelet local maxima across scales characterize the local shape of irregular structures. Numerical descriptors of edge types are derived. The completeness of a multiscale edge representation is also studied. The authors describe an algorithm that reconstructs a close approximation of 1-D and 2-D signals from their multiscale edges. For images, the reconstruction errors are below visual sensitivity. As an application, a compact image coding algorithm that selects important edges and compresses the image data by factors over 30 has been implemented. >
Operating system based software generation for systems-on-chip

In this paper we propose a system-level design environment, aimed at System-on-Chip (SOC) designs, including real-time embedded software. While many SOC modeling languages originate from hardware description languages, and thus tend to describe statical architectures, we observe that embedded software makes SOC designs essentially dynamic, and so a SOC modeling environment must include dynamic behavior. Such behavior is analogous to the services an Operating System offers in the software world, hence the term System-on-Chip Operating System (SoCOS).
Optimal investing with perceived mispricing ∗ Bradford Cornell †

We derive optimal portfolio weights for an investor who has a strong belief on the distribution of the stock price at a future time. That distribution may be in disagreement with standard equilibrium pricing models, and the investor wants to take advantage of the perceived mispricing and attractive risk premium. We compute numerically optimal weights for models in which the investor believes that there is a range in which the price is likely to remain. As practiced by active managers, the optimal strategy is to take significant long/short positions as the price nears its lower/upper boundary. The risk, expected stock return and the optimal investments strategy are thus dependent on the stock price relative to the boundaries.
Energy based multiple model fitting for non-rigid structure from motion

In this paper we reformulate the 3D reconstruction of deformable surfaces from monocular video sequences as a labeling problem. We solve simultaneously for the assignment of feature points to multiple local deformation models and the fitting of models to points to minimize a geometric cost, subject to a spatial constraint that neighboring points should also belong to the same model. Piecewise reconstruction methods rely on features shared between models to enforce global consistency on the 3D surface. To account for this overlap between regions, we consider a super-set of the classic labeling problem in which a set of labels, instead of a single one, is assigned to each variable. We propose a mathematical formulation of this new model and show how it can be efficiently optimized with a variant of α-expansion. We demonstrate how this framework can be applied to Non-Rigid Structure from Motion and leads to simpler explanations of the same data. Compared to existing methods run on the same data, our approach has up to half the reconstruction error, and is more robust to over-fitting and outliers.
Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or death using marginal structural models.

To estimate the net (i.e., overall) effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death, the authors used inverse probability-of-treatment weighted estimation of a marginal structural model, which can appropriately adjust for time-varying confounders affected by prior treatment or exposure. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men and women (n = 1,498) were followed in two ongoing cohort studies between 1995 and 2002. Sixty-one percent (n = 918) of the participants initiated HAART during 6,763 person-years of follow-up, and 382 developed AIDS or died. Strong confounding by indication for HAART was apparent; the unadjusted hazard ratio for AIDS or death was 0.98. The hazard ratio from a standard time-dependent Cox model that included time-varying CD4 cell count, HIV RNA level, and other time-varying and fixed covariates as regressors was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.61, 1.07). In contrast, the hazard ratio from a marginal structural survival model was 0.54 (robust 95% confidence interval: 0.38, 0.78), suggesting a clinically meaningful net benefit of HAART. Standard Cox analysis failed to detect a clear net benefit, because it does not appropriately adjust for time-dependent covariates, such as HIV RNA level and CD4 cell count, that are simultaneously confounders and intermediate variables.
Scalable Percolation Search in Power Law Networks

We introduce a scalable searching algorithm for finding nodes and contents in random networks with Power-Law (PL) and heavy-tailed degree distributions. The network is searched using a probabilistic broadcast algorithm, where a query message is relayed on each edge with probability just above the bond percolation threshold of the network. We show that if each node caches its directory via a short random walk, then the total number of accessible contents exhibits a first-order phase transition, ensuring very high hit rates just above the percolation threshold. In any random PL network of size, N, and exponent, 2 � τ 0) if kmax = O( p N). Extensive large-scale simulations show these scaling laws to be precise. We discuss how this percolation search algorithm can be directly adapted to solve the wellknown scaling problem in unstructured Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks. Simulations of the protocol on sample large-scale subnetworks of existing P2P services show that overall traffic can be reduced by almost two-orders of magnitude, without any significant loss in search performance.
High-rate controlled turning with a pair of miniature legged robots

Legged robots can explore unstructured environments more effectively than wheeled robots, but high turning rate tracking is still a challenging problem, particularly on varying surfaces. Previous steering methods with small robots have shown high turn rates, but usually only on a limited set of surfaces. This paper proposes a new method for steering a miniaturized legged robot by cooperation between two robots connected by a compliant joint, creating a 73 gram, 12 legged robot. Detailed design issues and an empirical verification are presented for several cooperation strategies, including changing velocities of the 4 sets of leg triples. The robots use their combined traction forces to turn at better than 50 degrees/sec at 1 m/sec on various surfaces. Closed-loop steering using a differential drive strategy is implemented on the connected robots to track a “figure 8” trajectory on a tile surface.
Music Genre Classification of MPEG AAC Audio Data

In this paper, we propose a musical feature extracted from the bit stream of AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) compressed audio data without decoding to audio signals. We focus on the spectral data which are stored in the bit stream for representing the flatten MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform) of an audio signal. For computing the musical feature, we extract the spectral data and apply the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to the extracted spectral data. For musical genre classification, we use the discriminant analysis as a classifier. We experimented on 1,498 AAC compressed audio data collected from 10 musical genres and evaluated the performance of the musical feature. We got the maximum correct ratios 81.24%. The experiments showed that the musical feature based on the spectral data in the bit stream had good performance for genre classification in the MPEG-4 AAC compressed domain.
HIGH-INTENSITY THz PULSES APPLICATION TO PROTEIN CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES

A new method for conformational changes of enzymes under very intense and short electric field is proposed. The molecular dynamics of linoleate 9/13-lipoxygenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa was simulated for frequencies ranging from 1 to 15 THz under electric field of 10 V/m with pulse length of 2 ps. Multiple intense THz field is generated by combining two-color plasma filamentation with a method for splitting and delaying short laser pulses. Large conformational changes of protein structure are predicted by using μJ THz pulse energy with 15 THz bandwidth.
Integration of intra chip stack fluidic cooling using thin-layer solder bonding

Three-dimensional (3D) stacking of integrated-circuit (IC) dies by vertical integration increases system density and package functionality. The vertical integration of IC dies by area-array Through-Silicon-Vias (TSVs) reduces the length of global interconnects and accordingly the signal delay time. On the other hand, the ongoing miniaturization trend of ICs results in constantly increasing chip-level power densities. Thus, the development of new chip cooling concepts is of utmost importance. Therefore, scalable cooling solutions for chip stacks, such as interlayer cooling, need to be investigated. This paper presents a new concept for the integration of intra chip stack fluidic cooling, namely die-embedded microchannels for single- and two-phase thermal management, using a patterned thin-layer eutectic solder bonding technique for the stack assembly. Results showed the successful fabrication of 5-layer chip stacks with embedded microchannels and high aspect ratio TSVs. Optical inspections demonstrated the proper bond line formation and direct current (DC) daisy-chain electrical tests indicated the successful combination of TSVs with thin-layer solder interconnects. Mechanical shear tests on die-on-die bonded samples showed the strength of the patterned thin-layer solder bond (16MPa). An added solder ring-pad component to seal the electrically active pad from any conductive liquid coolant was also investigated and reflow tests on such geometries showed the appearance of a balling effect along the solder ring line. This balling was found to be mitigated when the ring aspect ratio (deposited solder height to ring width ratio) was kept below the experimentally observed critical value of 0.65.
Social Networking for eGovernment: An Initial Assessment of Web 2.0 Tools Used by the Kosovo Central Government

The social media have introduced new methods for communication and are providing new opportunities for users to engage in community participation as powerful tools for citizen inclusion in government processes and trust towards eGovernment services. The question raised is to what extent the central government institutions (CGIs) understand the functions and roles of ICT and how they should be utilized for both strengthening the public administration institution they represent and for building relationship with stakeholders and citizens, which will allow the emergence of the second generation of e-participation. This paper analyses the status and provides an initial assessment of eGovernment implementation at central level in the context of usage of social media (SM). The insights emerging from the review of 28 CGIs show a gradually increased use of social networking tools and indicate several differences and similarities in the use of Web 2.0 between different CGIs. Implications and importance of findings are discussed.
Cysteine34 of the cytoplasmic tail of the cation-dependent mannose 6- phosphate receptor is reversibly palmitoylated and required for normal trafficking and lysosomal enzyme sorting

We have examined whether the two cysteine residues (Cys30 and Cys34) in the cytoplasmic tail of the cation-dependent mannose 6-phosphate receptor are palmitoylated via thioesters and whether these residues influence the biologic function of the receptor. To do this, mouse L cells expressing wild-type and mutant receptors were analyzed by metabolic labeling with [3H]palmitate, immunoprecipitation, and SDS- PAGE. Both Cys30 and Cys34 were found to be sites of palmitoylation and together they accounted for the total palmitoylation of the receptor. The palmitate rapidly turned over with a half-life of approximately 2 h compared to a half-life of greater than 40 h for the protein. Mutation of Cys34 to Ala resulted in the gradual accumulation of the receptor in dense lysosomes and the total loss of cathepsin D sorting function in the Golgi. A Cys30 to Ala mutation had no biologic consequences, showing the importance of Cys34. Mutation of amino acids 35-39 to alanines impaired palmitoylation of Cys30 and Cys34 and resulted in abnormal receptor trafficking to lysosomes and loss of cathepsin D sorting. These data suggest that palmitoylation of Cys30 and Cys34 leads to anchoring of this region of the cytoplasmic tail to the lipid bilayer. Anchoring via Cys34 is essential for the normal trafficking and lysosomal enzyme sorting function of the receptor.
SERS Research Applied to Polymer Based Nanocomposites

Polymer based nanocomposites containing metal nanoparticles (e.g. Au, Ag) have gained increased attention as a new class of SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) sub strates for analytical platforms. On the other hand, the application of SERS using such platforms can also provide new insights on the properties of composite materials. In this chapter, we review recent research on the development of SERS substrates based on poly - mer nanocomposites and their applications in different fields. The fundamentals of SERS are briefly approached and subsequently there is a reference to the strategies of prepara - tion of polymer based nanocomposites. Here the main focus is on SERS studies that have used a diversity of polymer based nanocomposites, highlighting certain properties of the materials that are relevant for the envisaged functionalities. A final section is devoted to the joint use of Raman imaging and SERS in nanocomposites development, a topic that presents a great potential still to be explored as shown by the recent research in this field.
Securing the authentication and message integrity for Smart Home using smart phone

One of the emerging researches in ubiquitous computing area is smart home environment. Smart Home environment is designed to provide the user with minimal interaction towards home appliances such as fan control, light, security monitoring temperature monitoring and wireless electrical switches. However, the communication between base station (central hub) with remote device (smart phone) can easily be breached if no security measuresare taken. In this paper, we propose a security model consisting of AES256, Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman key exchange and RC4-based hash function to secure the authentication and message integrity between central hub and remote device.
Elvitegravir for the treatment of HIV

ABSTRACT Introduction: Current antiretrovirals (ARVs) have demonstrated the ability to prolong the life of an HIV infected individual via suppression of the virus and subsequent restoration of immune function. Despite significant advancement, there remains an opportunity for improvement. One ARV that attempts to fill global HIV therapeutic needs by balancing convenience, safety, and efficacy is elvitegravir (EVG). Areas covered: Using MEDLINE/PubMed, a literature search was conducted for published articles on the safety and efficacy of EVG in the treatment of HIV infection. Expert opinion: EVG offers clinicians a convenient choice for HIV-positive patients that is safe and effective for both treatment-naïve and experienced patients, as well as an option for regimen simplification in virologically suppressed patients. EVG is conveniently co-formulated in fixed dose combination tablets to be taken once daily with food. EVG does not require dose adjustment for patients with severe renal impairment or mild to moderate liver disease. Importantly, EVG requires co-administration with a pharmacokinetic enhancer (i.e., ritonavir or cobicistat) in order to achieve therapeutic levels and facilitate once daily dosing. As a consequence, clinicians must carefully review concomitant medications and navigate potential drug-drug interactions mediated through potent inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A enzymes by ritonavir and cobicistat.
A downlink scheduling approach for balancing QoS in LTE wireless networks

In this paper, we propose a strategy for resource allocation for different traffic classes at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer of wireless systems based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), such as the recent Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless standard. In order to achieve inter-class fairness, we propose a modification of the Virtual Token Modified Largest Weighted Delay First (VT-M-LWDF) and Modified Largest Weighted Delay First (M-LWDF) rules. Through simulation, we show that the proposed scheduler introduces remarkable multi-objective improvement of the Quality of Service (QoS) performance parameters, i.e., Packet Loss Rate (PLR), average throughput, fairness index and system spectral efficiency, among different classes of traffic such as video, VoIP and best-effort.
Role of T Lymphocytes in Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Extracellular Matrix Remodeling

Cardiac remodeling in response to pressure overload involves reorganization of the myocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM). Neurohormonal pathways have been described as effector pathways in left ventricular ECM reorganization in response to pressure overload; we now are assessing the role of the T lymphocyte in this process. Mice with defined differences in T-lymphocyte function (C57BL/6 SCID, C57BL/6 WT, and BALB/c) were treated with 50 mg/L of NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester in their drinking water for 30 days. The immune function of C57BL/6 WT mice was T-helper type 1 (TH1), BALB/c was TH2, and C57BL/6 SCID was null. The arterial blood pressure increased by 30% in all of the strains of mice. However, ventricular stiffness significantly decreased in the C57 SCID, significantly increased in the BALB/c, and did not change in the C57 WT. The characterization of matrix metalloproteinase induction and activation on day 30 was associated with T-lymphocyte function. The total cardiac fibrillar collagen, percentage of fibrillar collagen cross-linking, and the activity of the cross-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase-like–3 (LOXL-3) significantly decreased in the C57 SCID, significantly increased in the BALB/c, and did not change in the C57 WT. This study revealed that the LOXL-3 pathway, namely, gene expression, enzymatic activities, and LOXL-3–mediated collagen cross-linking, was associated with ventricular stiffness and incongruence with lymphocyte function. These data support the concept that the T lymphocytes may play a fundamental regulatory role in cardiac ECM composition through modulation of collagen synthesis, degradation, and cross-linking.