Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a fabrication method for a long-term actuated hybrid cell robot.

We developed a novel method to fabricate a crab-like microrobot that can actuate for a long period in a physiological condition. The microrobot backbone was built with a biocompatible and elastic material-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-by using a specially designed 3D molding aligner, and consisted of three strips of PDMS "legs" connected across a "body. " Cardiomyocytes were then plated on the grooved top surface of the backbone, resulting in a high concentration of pulsating cells. These key techniques enabled the microrobot to walk continuously for over ten days. The performance of our crab-like microrobot was measured at an average velocity of 100 microm s(-1), and the estimated total distance it travelled was 50 m over a one-week period. Thus, we have demonstrated for the first time a walking robot that exhibited reliable and long-term actuation performances.
On lattice decoding of space-time block codes for asynchronous cooperative relaying

Li and Xia have recently investigated the design of space-time codes that achieve full spatial diversity for asynchronous cooperative communications. They show that certain of the binary space-time trellis codes derived from the Hammons-El Gamal stacking construction are delay tolerant and can be used in the multilevel code constructions by Lu and Kumar to produce delay tolerant space-time codes for PSK and QAM signaling. In prior work, the first author has developed generalizations of the Lu-Kumar construction for more general AM-PSK constellations that also preserve the delay tolerance of the underlying constituent codes and exhibited a new construction of short block codes that achieve significant levels of delay tolerance. This paper discusses how lattice decoding techniques can be adapted to perform decoding of such STBC for asynchronous diversity.
Causes and Risk Factors for Postoperative Fever in Spine Surgery Patients

Postoperative fever is a common dilemma faced by neurosurgeons. To study this problem, we prospectively collected patients who developed fever after spine surgery during the academic year 2007–2008 for whom the internist's consultation was requested. Eighty-five (85) patients were identified, of which 17 had an identifiable infectious cause for their febrile reaction (20%) – fever was attributed to urinary tract infection in 8 cases, pneumonia in 5 cases, wound infection in 3 cases (all lumbar), and cholecystitis in 1 case. The remaining 68 patients (80%) had no definitive diagnosis and fever was attributed to a peripheral venous line which, in this case, was replaced or discontinued. In 32 (37.6%) of the patients, the fever developed on postoperative day (POD) 2 or later. There was no statistically significant relationship between day of fever appearance and whether the fever was due to definite infection (P = 0.737). Comparing the basic group with another group of 456 spine surgery patients from 2006–2007 who might or might not have developed fever postoperatively using ANOVA, we found a significant difference in age (P = 0.011) and a very significant difference in hemoglobin level (P = 0.000) and HbA1c level (P = 0.000), but not in body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.289). Thus, most of the postoperative fever cases after spine surgery have no identifiable infectious focus and develop mainly in older patients with anemia and inadequately controlled HbA1c. A meticulous investigation of the source of fever including laboratory and radiological studies remains essential. Early mobilization is recommended for individuals undergoing lower spine surgery in order to decrease bacterial contamination from the gluteal cleavage.
The methodology for finding suitable ontology matching approaches

Interoperability has gained in importance and become an essential issue within the Semantic Web community. The more standardized and widespread the data manipulation tools are, the easier and more attractive using the Semantic Web approach has become. Though Semantic Web technologies can support the unambiguous identification of concepts and formally describe relationships between concepts, thereby allowing the representation of data in a more meaningful and more machine-understandable way, Web developers are still faced with the problem of semantic interoperability, which stands in the way of achieving the Web’s full potential. To attain semantic interoperability, systems must be capable of exchanging data in such a way that the precise meaning of the data is readily accessible, and the data itself can be translated by any system into a form that it understands. Hence, a central problem of interoperability and data integration issues in Semantic Web vision is schema or ontology matching and mapping. Considering this situation in Semantic Web research, we wish to contribute to the enhancement of (semantic) interoperability by contributing to the ontology matching solution. The number of use cases for ontology matching justifies the great importance of this topic in the Semantic Web. Furthermore, the development and existence of tried and tested ontology matching algorithms and support tools will be one of the crucial issues that may have a significant impact on future development. Therefore, we have developed a Metadata-based Ontology Matching (MOMA) Framework that addresses data integration and the interoperability issue by creating and maintaining awareness of the link between matching algorithms and various ontologies. Our approach allows for a more flexible manual and (semi-)automatic deployment of matching algorithms, depending on the specific requirements of the application (e.g. suitability to certain types of input) to which the matchers are to be utilized. Since it is difficult to theoretically compare the existing approaches due
ANALYSIS OF SCATTERING COMPONENTS FROM FULLY POLARIMETRIC SAR IMAGES FOR IMPROVING ACCURACIES OF URBAN DENSITY ESTIMATION

Abstract. In this paper, we analyze probability density functions (PDFs) of scatterings derived from fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for improving the accuracies of estimated urban density. We have reported a method for estimating urban density that uses an index Tv+c obtained by normalizing the sum of volume and helix scatterings Pv+c. Validation results showed that estimated urban densities have a high correlation with building-to-land ratios (Kajimoto and Susaki, 2013b; Susaki et al., 2014). While the method is found to be effective for estimating urban density, it is not clear why Tv+c is more effective than indices derived from other scatterings, such as surface or double-bounce scatterings, observed in urban areas. In this research, we focus on PDFs of scatterings derived from fully polarimetric SAR images in terms of scattering normalization. First, we introduce a theoretical PDF that assumes that image pixels have scatterers showing random backscattering. We then generate PDFs of scatterings derived from observations of concrete blocks with different orientation angles, and from a satellite-based fully polarimetric SAR image. The analysis of the PDFs and the derived statistics reveals that the curves of the PDFs of Pv+c are the most similar to the normal distribution among all the scatterings derived from fully polarimetric SAR images. It was found that Tv+c works most effectively because of its similarity to the normal distribution.
Design of Robust Internal Models for a Class of Linear Hybrid Systems

Abstract This paper focuses on the design of internal models for a class of hybrid linear SISO systems and exosystems. The internal model design takes into consideration observability properties of the exosystem that have significance in the hybrid setting. In particular, visibility and invisibility of the so-called hybrid steady-state generator are discussed, as well as uniform observability properties.
Delayed exercise promotes remodeling in sub‐rupture fatigue damaged tendons

Tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal injury whose treatment is limited by ineffective therapeutic interventions. Previously we have shown that tendons ineffectively repair early sub‐rupture fatigue damage. In contrast, physiological exercise has been shown to promote remodeling of healthy tendons but its utility as a therapeutic to promote repair of fatigue damaged tendons remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the utility of exercise initiated 1 and 14 days after onset of fatigue damage to promote structural repair in fatigue damaged tendons. We hypothesized that exercise initiated 14 days after fatigue loading would promote remodeling as indicated by a decrease in area of collagen matrix damage, increased procollagen I and decorin, while decreasing proteins indicative of tendinopathy. Rats engaged in 6‐week exercise for 30 min/day or 60 min/day starting 1 or 14 days after fatigue loading. Initiating exercise 1‐day after onset of fatigue injury led to exacerbation of matrix damage, particularly at the tendon insertion. Initiating exercise 14 days after onset of fatigue injury led to remodeling of damaged regions in the midsubstance and collagen synthesis at the insertion. Physiological exercise applied after the initial biological response to injury has dampened can potentially promote remodeling of damaged tendons. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:919–925, 2015.
Low-Power $V_{\bf DD}$/3 Write Scheme With Inversion Coding Circuit for Complementary Memristor Array

The conventional V<sub>DD</sub>/3 write scheme is very advantageous in minimizing the unwanted resistance change in unselected cells during the write time. This is due to the fact that an amount of applied voltage at the unselected cells is reduced from V<sub>DD</sub>/2 in the V<sub>DD</sub>/2 scheme to V<sub>DD</sub>/3 in the V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme. However, the V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme should sacrifice much larger switching power than the V<sub>DD</sub> /2 scheme for having smaller voltage applied at the unselected cells. In this paper, we propose to combine the V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme with the inversion coding circuit to alleviate large switching power of the V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme. The proposed V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme with the inversion coding circuit is verified for 500 × 500 and 1000 × 1000 passive memristor array with the operating frequency of 10 MHz to save power consumption as much as 19% than the conventional V<sub>DD</sub>/3 scheme. For 50 MHz, the power saving is more improved to reach as much as 34%. In addition to this power saving, due to the reduced number of bit transitions in the inversion coding, the number of write cycles can be increased by as much as 39% thereby the poor endurance of complementary resistive switch array can be compensated significantly.
Differential Effects of Nitrogenous Fertilizers on Methane-Consuming Microbes in Rice Field and Forest Soils

ABSTRACT The impact of environmental perturbation (e.g., nitrogenous fertilizers) on the dynamics of methane fluxes from soils and wetland systems is poorly understood. Results of fertilizer studies are often contradictory, even within similar ecosystems. In the present study the hypothesis of whether these contradictory results may be explained by the composition of the methane-consuming microbial community and hence whether methanotrophic diversity affects methane fluxes was investigated. To this end, rice field and forest soils were incubated in microcosms and supplemented with different nitrogenous fertilizers and methane concentrations. By labeling the methane with 13C, diversity and function could be coupled by analyses of phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFA) extracted from the soils at different time points during incubation. In both rice field and forest soils, the activity as well as the growth rate of methane-consuming bacteria was affected differentially. For type I methanotrophs, fertilizer application stimulated the consumption of methane and the subsequent growth, while type II methanotrophs were generally inhibited. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the pmoA gene supported the PLFA results. Multivariate analyses of stable-isotope-probing PLFA profiles indicated that in forest and rice field soils, Methylocystis (type II) species were affected by fertilization. The type I methanotrophs active in forest soils (Methylomicrobium/Methylosarcina related) differed from the active species in rice field soils (Methylobacter/Methylomonas related). Our results provide a case example showing that microbial community structure indeed matters, especially when assessing and predicting the impact of environmental change on biodiversity loss and ecosystem functioning.
Deconvolving Current From a Faraday Rotation Measurement

In this paper, a unique software program is reported, which automatically decodes the Faraday rotation signal into a time-dependent current representation. System parameters such as the Faraday fiber's Verdet constant and the number of loops in the sensor are the only user-interface inputs. The central aspect of the algorithm utilizes a short-time Fourier transform, which reveals much of the Faraday rotation measurement's implicit information necessary for unfolding the dynamic current measurement.
NFV-based network protection: The SHIELD approach

This demo showcases some of the capabilities foreseen for the security infrastructure designed by the H2020 SHIELD project. SHIELD exploits NFV for adaptive monitoring of an IT infrastructure and for feeding the data to an analytics engine to detect attacks in real time. An intelligent reaction system is then activated to reconfigure the SDN/NFV infrastructure so that the attacks are thwarted. The SDN/NFV infrastructure itself is protected from attacks thanks to trusted computing techniques, that permit to quickly identify misbehaving nodes. The proposed demo will present detection and reaction to a DDoS attack (by on-the-fly deployment of new virtual network security functions and/or change of network paths), as well as detection of software attacks against virtual network functions (executed in Docker containers) and unauthorized modification of the SDN switching tables and NFV configurations.
GSR: A Geographic Single-copy Routing Scheme in Intermittently Connected Mobile Networks

Storable stairway and platform apparatus for recreational vehicles including a horizontal channel member mounted to the side or end of a vehicle beneath and extending to the side of the door, the channel member reciprocally receiving a pair of slider members; a platform pivotally engaging the slider members; and a stairway pivotally engaging the platform. The stairway is provided with a pair of opposing scissor linkages for folding the steps of the stairway into compact parallel abutment with one another and with the platform. The platform and stairway laterally slide away from the door and are pivotal into a vertical position for storage against the outside wall of the vehicle. The scissor linkages provide for unobstructed steps in addition to superior compact storage. Adjustable levelers are provided on each of the opposing scissor linkages to accommodate for uneven ground support. A novel bannister foldable and attachable to the side of the platform may also be provided.
A TOPSIS-based approach to multiple attribute decision making with interval numbers

In ambiguous decision domain, the evaluation values of alternatives against the attributes would be interval numbers due to the inherent uncertain property of the problems. By using a number of linear programming models, Bryson and Mobolurin propose an approach to compute attribute weights and overall values of the alternatives in the form of interval numbers. The intervals of the overall values of alternatives are then transformed into points or crisp values for comparisons among the alternatives. However, the attribute weights are different because of the usages of the linear programming models in Bryson and Mobolurin's approach. Whether the alternatives are comparable is a question because of the different attribute weights. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of Bryson and Mobolurin's approach. By determining the positive and negative ideal alternatives and calculating the relative distances between every alternative and the positive ideal one, a new programming model is set up to figure our the attribute weights for conducting alternative ranking.
Realizability conditions for the turbulent stress tensor in large-eddy simulation

The turbulent stress tensor in large-eddy simulation is examined from a theoretical point of view. Realizability conditions for the components of this tensor are derived, which hold if and only if the filter function is positive. The spectral cut-off, one of the filters frequently used in large-eddy simulation, is not positive. Consequently, the turbulent stress tensor based on spectrally filtered fields does not satisfy the realizability conditions, which leads to negative values of the generalized turbulent kinetic energy k. Positive filters, e. g. Gaussian or top-hat, always give rise to a positive k. For this reason, subgrid models which require positive values for k should be used in conjunction with e. g. the Gaussian or top-hat filter rather than with the spectral cutoff filter. If the turbulent stress tensor satisfies the realizability conditions, it is natural to require that the subgrid model for this tensor also satisfies these conditions. With respect to this point of view several subgrid models are discussed. For eddy-viscosity models a lower bound for the generalized turbulent kinetic energy follows as a necessary condition. This result provides an inequality for the model constants appearing in a ‘Smagorinsky-type’ subgrid model for compressible flows.
Protocolo de identificação precoce dos problemas de leitura: estudo preliminar com escolares de 1º ano escolar

RESUMO – Objetivos: Elaborar teste de identificação precoce dos problemas de leitura e caracterizar o desempenho dos escolares do 1o ano no procedimento elaborado. Método: Participaram deste estudo 83 alunos de 6 a 7 anos e 11 meses de idade do 1o ano do Ensino Fundamental Municipal na cidade de Marília-SP Foi elaborado Protocolo de identificação precoce dos problemas de leitura, composto por sete habilidades cognitivolinguísticas: conhecimento do alfabeto; consciência fonológica; memória de trabalho; nomeação automática rápida; atenção visual; leitura de palavras e não palavras e compreensão de frases a partir de figuras. Resultados: Os resultados revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes, evidenciando que todos os escolares apresentaram desempenho obtido inferior ao desempenho esperado para as habilidades propostas no protocolo. Conclusão: Escolares do 1o ano do ensino fundamental avaliados neste estudo apresentaram desempenho inferior em habilidades que são consideradas na literatura nacional e internacional como preditoras para a alfabetização, o que demonstra que não apresentam domínio de habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas necessárias para aprender o sistema de escrita do português brasileiro.
Computational simulation of the early stage of bone healing under different configurations of locking compression plates

Flexible fixation or the so-called ‘biological fixation’ has been shown to encourage the formation of fracture callus, leading to better healing outcomes. However, the nature of the relationship between the degree of mechanical stability provided by a flexible fixation and the optimal healing outcomes has not been fully understood. In this study, we have developed a validated quantitative model to predict how cells in fracture callus might respond to change in their mechanical microenvironment due to different configurations of locking compression plate (LCP) in clinical practice, particularly in the early stage of healing. The model predicts that increasing flexibility of the LCP by changing the bone–plate distance (BPD) or the plate working length (WL) could enhance interfragmentary strain in the presence of a relatively large gap size (>3 mm). Furthermore, conventional LCP normally results in asymmetric tissue development during early stage of callus formation, and the increase of BPD or WL is insufficient to alleviate this problem.
A practical guide to environmental association analysis in landscape genomics

Landscape genomics is an emerging research field that aims to identify the environmental factors that shape adaptive genetic variation and the gene variants that drive local adaptation. Its development has been facilitated by next‐generation sequencing, which allows for screening thousands to millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms in many individuals and populations at reasonable costs. In parallel, data sets describing environmental factors have greatly improved and increasingly become publicly accessible. Accordingly, numerous analytical methods for environmental association studies have been developed. Environmental association analysis identifies genetic variants associated with particular environmental factors and has the potential to uncover adaptive patterns that are not discovered by traditional tests for the detection of outlier loci based on population genetic differentiation. We review methods for conducting environmental association analysis including categorical tests, logistic regressions, matrix correlations, general linear models and mixed effects models. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches, provide a list of dedicated software packages and their specific properties, and stress the importance of incorporating neutral genetic structure in the analysis. We also touch on additional important aspects such as sampling design, environmental data preparation, pooled and reduced‐representation sequencing, candidate‐gene approaches, linearity of allele–environment associations and the combination of environmental association analyses with traditional outlier detection tests. We conclude by summarizing expected future directions in the field, such as the extension of statistical approaches, environmental association analysis for ecological gene annotation, and the need for replication and post hoc validation studies.
EEG-based attention-driven speech enhancement for noisy speech mixtures using N-fold multi-channel Wiener filters

Hearing prostheses have built-in algorithms to perform acoustic noise reduction and improve speech intelligibility. However, in a multi-speaker scenario the noise reduction algorithm has to determine which speaker the listener is focusing on, in order to enhance it while suppressing the other interfering sources. Recently, it has been demonstrated that it is possible to detect auditory attention using electroencephalography (EEG). In this paper, we use multi-channel Wiener filters (MWFs), to filter out each speech stream from the speech mixtures in the micro-phones of a binaural hearing aid, while also reducing background noise. From the demixed and denoised speech streams, we extract envelopes for an EEG-based auditory attention detection (AAD) algorithm. The AAD module can then select the output of the MWF corresponding to the attended speaker. We evaluate our algorithm in a two-speaker scenario in the presence of babble noise and compare it to a previously proposed algorithm. Our algorithm is observed to provide speech envelopes that yield better AAD accuracies, and is more robust to variations in speaker positions and diffuse background noise.
Design of a Sideband-Separating Balanced SIS Mixer Based on Waveguide Hybrids

We describe a design for a sideband-separating balanced mixer using four planar single-ended mixer chips connected to the feed horn and LO source by a network of quadrature waveguide hybrids and an in-phase waveguide power divider. The mixer has separate IF output ports for the downconverted signals from the upper and lower RF sidebands, and requires ~14 dB less LO power than a single-ended mixer using a 20-dB LO coupler. The design of the mixer is suitable for scaling to ~700 GHz and can be fabricated using CNC machining techniques.