Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian spatial analysis of demographic survey data : An application to contraceptive use at first sexual intercourse

In this paper we analyze the spatial patterns of the risk of unprotected sexual intercourse for Italian women during their initial experience with sexual intercourse. We rely on geo-referenced survey data from the Italian Fertility and Family Survey, and we use a Bayesian approach relying on weakly informative prior distributions. Our analyses are based on a logistic regression model with a multilevel structure. The spatial pattern uses an intrinsic Gaussian conditional autoregressive (CAR) error component. The complexity of such a model is best handled within a Bayesian framework, and statistical inference is carried out using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. In contrast with previous analyses based on multilevel model, our approach avoids the restrictive assumption of independence between area effects. This model allows us to borrow strength from neighbors in order to obtain estimates for areas that may, on their own, have inadequate sample sizes. We show that substantial geographical variation exists within Italy (Southern Italy has higher risks of unprotected first-time sexual intercourse). The findings are robust with respect to the specification of the prior distribution. We argue that spatial analysis can give useful insights on unmet reproductive health needs. 1 Department of Social Statistics, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ, Southampton UK. E-mail borg1@socsci.soton. ac.uk . 2 Istituto di Metodi Quantitativi, Università Bocconi, viale Isonzo 25, I-20135 Milano, Italy. E-mail: francesco.billari@uni-bocconi.it . Demographic Research – Volume 8, Article 3 http://www.demographic-research.org 62
The identification of low fatigue damage using fuzzy double clustering framework

Identifying damaging or non-damaging events in long records of fatigue data is a crux of recapitulating pristine data. In this article, a fuzzy double clustering framework (DCf) is utilized to classify the fatigue segment by exploiting two typical statistical features; kurtosis and the standard deviation. In the first stage, segments are assigned to a number of similar groups to generate multi-dimensional prototypes. Then, the resulting multi-dimensional prototypes are projected onto each featuring space of the input variables. On each dimension, a hierarchical clustering is applied to extract the information granules. For ease of interpretability, the granules are translated into a set of antecedent-consequent rules by means of a fuzzy set theory where for the model output, two distinct classes namely low and high with different degrees of evidence are assigned. The results reveal that the fatigue segments could be classified according to the value of kurtosis and standard deviation in a specific range where further, it can be a part of a fatigue data editing process
Just Like One of the Guys?: Perceptions of Male and Female Sportscasters' Voices

This study measured the influence of a sportscaster's vocal pitch on listeners' perceptions of authoritativeness from a constructivist theoretical perspective. College students heard sportscasts read by a low- or high-pitched male or female and completed questionnaires measuring authoritativeness and sexist attitudes toward women. Male sportscasters were considered more authoritative than females, but male sportscasters with higher-pitched voices were rated more authoritative than those with lower pitches.
Insights into Frequency Diversity from Measurements on an Indoor Low Power Wireless Network Testbed

Recent wireless medium access control techniques, such as the Timeslotted Synchronized Channel Hopping (TSCH) and Deterministic &amp; Synchronous Multi-channel Extension (DSME) modes in the IEEE802.15. 4-2015 standard, use frequency diversity to cope with external interference and multipath fading. The result is wire-like reliability in a network built from unreliable wireless links. Yet, the impact of using multiple frequencies on the medium access control layer is still not perfectly understood, and virtually all channel hopping solutions use ``blind'' channel hopping, i.e., hopping over all frequencies equivalently. The goal of this work is to improve our understanding of the behavior of the wireless medium when using multiple frequencies, which will enable the design of more efficient protocols in the future. We collect a large dense connectivity dataset over the USC Tutornet Internet of Things Testbed, with dozens of low-power wireless nodes deployed in an office building. This publicly-available dataset offers complete traces of link quality across frequency, time and space. We analyze the data and extract meaningful and practical insights on the wireless medium when using multiple frequencies.
Revisiting district six: a case study of digital heritage reconstruction from archival photographs

This paper investigates the digital reconstruction of destroyed buildings from small sets of old, uncalibrated photographs. The application domain is the heritage preservation of District Six -- a mixed race area in Cape Town that was leveled during the South African Apartheid regime and whose residents were forcibly removed. Our framework uses a combination of semi-automatic camera calibration, model-based architecture-specific photogrammetry, and texture synthesis to reconstruct the geometry and texture of a building so that it can be incorporated into a heritage-based virtual environment, such as a museum display. These techniques are well established in isolation; the purpose here is to discover if they can be adapted to damaged and uncalibrated photographs, where the time periods and chromatic schemes differ or where, in the worst case, only a single photograph is available. To test the effectiveness of the reconstruction framework we consider three representative cases of District Six architecture. All three cases were reconstructed successfully with some provisos concerning uneven ground, intricate building features, and unfavourable camera angles.
A Fuzzy Linguistic Recommender System to Disseminate the Own Academic Resources in Universities

We propose a recommender system for the dissemination of own academic resources in a University Digital Library (UDL). With this system the digital library offers to the university faculty the own indigenous knowledge generated in the university. The system recommends both specialized and complementary resources, and collaboration possibilities among university membership to form multidisciplinary working groups. So, this system increases the internal social collaboration possibilities in an academic environment and it contributes to improve the services provided by a UDL.
Determinants of Consumer Acceptance of Mobile Internet: An Empirical Study

The Internet and mobile technology, the two most dynamic technological forces in modern information and communication technologies are converging into one ubiquitous mobile Internet service, which will change our way of both doing business and dealing with our daily routine activities. There is no doubt that the mobile Internet service is moving toward the new generation on which enables mobile users to enjoy a variety of new and upgraded multimedia mobile services. This study composes a new hybrid theoretical framework to identify the factors affecting the acceptance and use of mobile Internet in a consumer context. The proposed model incorporates eight constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influences, perceived value, perceived playfulness, attention focus, and behavioral intention. Individual differences—namely, age, gender, and experience—are hypothesized to moderate the effects of behavioral intention towards the use of mobile Internet. It was found that performance expectancy and perceived playfulness have the strongest significant effect on the behavioral intentions towards the use of mobile Internet. The findings of this study provide several crucial implications for mobile Internet service providers, practitioners, consumers and researchers.
The Consequences of Emotional Labor for Public Sector Workers and the Mitigating Role of Self-Efficacy

Emotional labor that requires workers to suppress their truly felt emotions and create a fake emotional display has negative consequences for workers including psychological distress and lowered job satisfaction. This type of emotional labor, called surface acting, is often necessary in public service work. In an effort to identify ways to reduce the harmful effects of emotional labor for workers, this research further specifies the relationship between emotional labor and worker well-being using data from a large sample of public service workers working in a variety of occupations (n = 1,395). The analyses test a mediator and moderators of the relationship between emotional labor and worker well-being. The findings suggest that surface acting emotional labor is harmful to workers because it increases feelings of self-estrangement. In addition, a worker’s sense of self-efficacy in emotional labor performance is shown to reduce the negative effects of surface acting.
E-Xplore: Enterprise API Explorer

Plenty of open source libraries and frameworks are available for developers these days for reuse in their projects. However the difficulty in finding and reusing the correct API among the hundreds of available APIs far outweighs the advantage of saving time. The problem is acute in enterprise code base. Online forums like Stack Overflow are no help for enterprise source code as they are closed in nature. We have developed a tool called E-Xplore that addresses this issue by letting the programmers search in large source code base and browse them effectively. The tool also provides related artifacts in the form of result clustering. We evaluated E-Xplore with other tools via user study with developers working on an enterprise banking system with more than 10 million lines of code. A set of common tasks was given to the developers with and without the tool. We observed that the tool offered appreciable time and effort benefits in large scale software system development and maintenance. In this paper we describe the tool and its features which help develop and maintain source code effectively.
The Differential Effects of Mindfulness and Distraction on Affect and Body Satisfaction Following Food Consumption

This study investigated whether engaging in mindfulness following food consumption produced changes in affect and body satisfaction, as compared to a control distraction task. The moderating effects of eating pathology and neuroticism were also examined. A total of 110 female university students consumed food and water before engaging in either a mindfulness induction or a control distraction task. Participants completed trait measures of eating pathology and neuroticism at baseline, and measures of state affect and body satisfaction before and after food consumption, and after the induction. Results revealed that consuming food and water reduced positive affect. Unexpectedly, both the mindfulness group and distraction control group experienced similar improvements in negative affect and body satisfaction following the induction. Eating pathology and neuroticism did not moderate the observed changes. These findings suggest that both mindfulness and distraction may contribute to the effectiveness of treatments for disordered eating that incorporate both of these techniques, such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy.
Mining cyclic patterns with multiple minimum repetition supports

In business applications, there have been tremendous interests in analysing customers' repeated purchase behaviour. Recently, the concepts of periodic pattern and cyclic pattern are used to discover recurring patterns from customer sequence database. Toroslu (2003) proposed cyclic pattern mining, which considers a new parameter, named repetition support, into the mining process. In a customer sequence, the occurrence of a subsequence must satisfy single user-specified repetition minimum support. In real-life applications, however, different items may have different frequencies in the database. If all items are set to have the same minimum repetition support, it may cause rare item problem. To solve this problem, we include the concept of multiple minimum supports (MMS) to allow users to specify multiple minimum item repetition support (MIR) according to the natures of items. In this paper, we first redefine cyclic sequential patterns based on MIR and original form of customer minimum support. A new algorithm, rep-PrefixSpan, is developed to discover complete set of cyclic sequential patterns from sequence database. The experimental result shows that the proposed approach achieves more preferable findings than conventional cyclic pattern mining.
Study of VSC Reliable Designs With Application to Spacecraft Attitude Stabilization

This brief investigates variable structure reliable control (VSRC) issues of a set of second-order nonlinear systems and their application to spacecraft attitude stabilization. Both passive and active reliable designs are presented. To achieve the active task, an observer to identify faults as they occur in the spacecraft actuators is also presented. These VSRC laws do not require the solution of a Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equation, which is essential in the optimal approaches such as linear quadratic Riccati (LQR) and Hinfin reliable designs. As a matter of fact, this approach can relax the computational burden for solving the HJ equation. Simulation results regarding spacecraft attitude stabilization with comparisons among the VSRCs and the LQR reliable designs are also given. It is shown from these simulations that the active VSRC is the most flexible, robust and effective method because it does not need to prespecify susceptible actuators and because it allows more space for the control parameter adjustment
Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) Based on Metal Oxides

In this paper, we review the recent progress in the resistive random access memory (ReRAM) technology, one of the most promising emerging nonvolatile memories, in which both electronic and electrochemical effects play important roles in the nonvolatile functionalities. First, we provide a brief historical overview of the research in this field. We also provide a technological overview and the epoch-making achievements, followed by an account of the current understanding of both bipolar and unipolar ReRAM operations. Finally, we summarize the challenges facing the ReRAM technology as it moves toward the beyond-2X-nm generation of nonvolatile memories and the so-called beyond complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device.
Pathways from harsh parenting to adolescent antisocial behavior: A multidomain test of gender moderation

Abstract We tested for gender moderation within a multidomain model of antisocial behavior (ASB) among community youth, drawn from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods study. Youths (N = 1,639) were 9 to 12 years old at baseline and were followed for two additional waves, spaced approximately 2.5 years apart. We hypothesized that harsh and physically coercive parenting, a familial level risk factor, would impact individual level risk factors for ASB, such as childhood temperament ratings of emotionality and inhibitory control, and preadolescent externalizing and internalizing symptoms, as well as involvement with antisocial peers. We further hypothesized that this process and its impact on ASB would be moderated by gender. We used both multiple indicator multiple causes and multiple group analyses to test for gender moderation and a structural equation modeling multiple mediation framework to evaluate the strength of indirect effects. We tested the role of family, individual, and peer level influences on ASB, after accounting for the role of known contextual factors, including poverty, race, and neighborhood. Our overall model fit the data well for males and females, indicating harsh parenting, disinhibition, emotionality, and peers exert a strong influence on risk for ASB. Gender moderated the pathway from harsh parenting to externalizing behavior, such that this was a significant pathway for girls, but not boys. We discussed the importance of these findings with regard to intervention planning for youth at risk for ASB and future gender-informed models of ASB.
The culture of pain

psychiatrists in linking women's mental health to their reproductive organs, and she underscores the extent to which both kinds of doctors reflected, rather than moulded, the moral prejudices of their times. These are important points, but they have already been made many times. In several chapters, particularly those dealing more with general medical attitudes towards women than with surgical practices, Dally relies heavily on well-known studies of the "scientific" construction of Victorian femininity. In other chapters where she might contribute genuinely new insights, she does not. Her discussion of women doctors, for example, while rightly stressing that they did not form "a homogeneous group" (p. 200), lingers only on the obvious, well-documented pioneers, especially Elizabeth Blackwell and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson. The opportunity is lost to examine the careers of the less chronicled anti-feminist female gynaecologists of the Victorian and Edwardian decades, like Mary Scharlieb. Dally is quick to acknowledge her debt to numerous secondary studies (pp. x-xi), but the footnote citations are so inadequate that it is often impossible to determine the source of quotations. Nor does an idiosyncratic bibliography rectify matters. The general reader for whom Dally intends this book is not well served, and the scholarly audience, whom she also hopes to interest, will be disturbed, not only by the cavalier treatment of sources, but by factual errors as well. E. G. Anderson replied to Henry Maudsley's dismissal of the female capacity for higher education, not in the pages of the Westminster Review, but in the Fortnightly (p. 95); George Beard published American Nervousness in 1881, not 1868 (p. 100); Mary Lyttelton was Miss Glynne before marriage, not Mary Gladstone, and certainly not Margaret Gladstone (p. 118); Thomas Clifford Allbutt was not professor of physic at Cambridge in 1884, since he only assumed that post in 1892 (p. 190); and it is not appropriate to compare the members of the London Anthropological Society in the 1860s to the Nazis (p. 76). These flaws, perhaps individually venial, together undermine the reader's confidence in Dally's ability to set the historical record straight.
“Explícame tu Respuesta”: Supporting the Development of Mathematical Discourse in Emergent Bilingual Kindergarten Students

This study investigated Spanish-speaking kindergarten students' participation in mathematical discourse as they solved and discussed a range of word problems. Specifically, we draw upon sociocultural perspectives on mathematics learning to frame mathematical discourse and to examine specific teacher and student actions that seemed to support the development of mathematical discourse over the course of the kindergarten year. Data sources included pre- and post-task-based clinical interview assessments and weekly (videotaped) observations of problem-solving lessons. Findings demonstrated ways that teachers supported and students appropriated discursive habits such as using more precise mathematical language, explaining solutions in ways that referenced actions on quantities in the problem, and using multiple visual representations to mediate communication. In addition, the findings point to the critical role the teacher plays in supporting the development of students' mathematical discourse.
Corporate social responsibility and development: An anthropological perspective

Some analysts suggest that corporate-driven social responsibility initiatives offer a new, and potentially bright, prospect of addressing global poverty and underdevelopment effectively. There is a growing academic literature that examines this proposition critically, often rehearsing debates about the successes and failures of the international development programmes of the second half of the 20th century. From an anthropological perspective, however, the most useful question to ask is not whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives will succeed in fulfilling the promises made by their proponents but rather what the implications and consequences –often unintended – might be of expecting business corporations to become significant engines of development. This article examines current debates about CSR, and the emerging CSR discourse and apparatus, as a prelude to asking ‘What does CSR do? ’.
Translating timing requirements of Embedded Software systems modeled in Simulink to a timing analysis model

In model-based Embedded Software Engineering (ESE), individual systems are modeled with chains of components that are translated to chains of tasks/runnables for a scheduling analysis. Early analysis of response time of such systems (e.g. end-to-end path delay) provides important feedback to understand how the function blocks/components in the system may actually behave. In this paper we report on work in progress pertaining to an overall workflow for model-driven specification, translation and validation of such timing constraints in ESE projects developed using Matlab/Simulink. The challenges addressed in this workflow and future directions are outlined.
Chickadees Faced with Unpredictable Food Increase Fat Reserves but Certain Components of Their Immune Function Decline

In winter, temperate resident birds are often faced with periodic low natural food availability. This reduction or unpredictability in resource availability might then have a negative impact on immune function, given that immune system support is highly resource dependent. We investigated the balance between energetic and immune management in captive black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapilus) by manipulating the predictability of resources. The control group received food ad lib. every day, while the experimental group received a reduced amount of food on random days and food ad lib. on all other days. We measured two key metrics of energetic management (body and fat mass) as well as a suite of immune system components. Compared with control birds, experimental birds maintained significantly higher total body and fat mass, had lower acute phase protein concentrations, and had decreased body temperature and lost more body mass during the fever response following injection with lipopolysaccharides. Interestingly, birds in both groups had similar levels of complement lysis, delayed-type hypersensitivity response (phytohemagglutinin), and primary antibody production (keyhole limpet hemocyanin). This experiment demonstrates that black-capped chickadees strategically increase their fat mass in response to decreased food availability and that this might allow the birds to maintain most of the immune system unaltered, except some of the most costly immune components.