Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Game Theory Inspired Approach to Stable Core Decomposition on Weighted Networks

Meso-scale structural analysis, like core decomposition has uncovered groups of nodes that play important roles in the underlying complex systems. The existing core decomposition approaches generally focus on node properties like degree and strength. The node centric approaches can only capture a limited information about the local neighborhood topology. In the present work, we propose a group density based core analysis approach that overcome the drawbacks of the node centric approaches. The proposed algorithmic approach focuses on weight density, cohesiveness, and stability of a substructure. The method also assigns an unique score to every node that rank the nodes based on their degree of core-ness. To determine the correctness of the proposed method, we propose a synthetic benchmark with planted core structure. A performance test on the null model is carried out using a weighted lattice without core structures. We further test the stability of the approach against random noise. The experimental results prove the superiority of our algorithm over the state-of-the-arts. We finally analyze the core structures of several popular weighted network models and real life weighted networks. The experimental results reveal important node ranking and hierarchical organization of the complex networks, which give us better insight about the underlying systems.
A Hall effect sensors network insensitive to mechanical stress

Hall effect devices are widely used as magnetic sensors in integrated technology. Since they are very sensitive to mechanical stress, they are not suitable for the design of systems subjected to vibrations (portable systems, automotive applications,.). To cancel this cross-sensitivity, the spinning current method may be used. Nevertheless, this method does not remove, but modulates, the mechanical signal. Vibrations whose frequencies are close to the spinning frequency are thus rejected in the base band. Here, we propose an alternative based on a Hall effect sensor network. This method totally removes the mechanical signal and may be combined with the spinning current method in order to reject the flicker noise of the sensor. Compared experimental results obtained with Hall effect sensors subjected to vibrations are presented and discussed.
Ethics and the Observer’s Paradox

In attempting to provide empirical qualitative data analysis, the researcher has to work within many constraints. There are ethical issues that need to be considered and evaluated in the managing of data, especially one that is naturally occurring. One of the more popular methods of ‘capturing’ this data is through audio recording and to be able to record, prior permission has to be sought. This pre-requisite is in itself a constraint within which a young researcher has to persevere. This research is part of PhD work in progress and relates the many constraints faced and coming to the crossroads between ethics and the observer’s paradox (Labov cited in Kontra and Varadi 1997). This work does no prescribe alternative methods in the recording and collection of data, but highlights the problems that emerged in the process of doing research.
Diverse strategies for diverse carers: the cultural context of family carers in NSW

This study presents the findings of cultural research into the everyday experiences of carers from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and Anglo-Australian backgrounds. The purpose of the study was to increase awareness and understanding of the diversity of caring experiences and the inter-relationship of cultural, socio-economic and gender issues in shaping these experiences. The project explored the everyday caring experiences of 34 carers from CALD backgrounds and 8 from Anglo-Australian backgrounds through a process of cultural research. This approach allowed for an explorative inquiry into the varying and complex cultural contexts in which values, practices and understandings of caring occur. Rather than pursuing a comparative approach that assumes definitive boundaries between Anglo-Australians and CALD communities, our methods call for the crossing of boundaries and a questioning of monolithic and universal concepts of culture. This approach is unique in its incorporation of broader concepts of culture and ethnicity and its attempt to shift the focus from individual and/or group pathologies to the broader social, physical and imaginary landscape defining and containing difference.
The Phonological Loop

The phonological loop—here referred to as a specialized auditory‐vocal sensorimotor circuit connecting posterior temporal areas with the inferior parietal lobe (Brodmann’s areas 40 and 39) and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (Broca’s region, Brodmann’s areas 44 and 45)—is proposed to have been a fundamental element associated with the origin of vocal language in human evolution. This circuit derives from auditory prefrontal networks that preexist in the nonhuman primate but that acquired an unprecedented development in the human brain. The phonological loop overlaps and possibly coevolved with a more ancient circuit involved in hand manipulation and gesture coding (the parieto‐frontal mirror neuron network) and is complementary to a “ventral” auditory circuit connecting the anterior temporal region with anterior Broca’s area (area 45) via the extreme capsule. The development of the phonological loop produced a significant increase in short‐term memory capacity for voluntary vocalizations, which facilitated learning of complex utterances that allowed the establishment of stronger social bonds and facilitated the communication of increasingly complex messages, eventually entailing external meaning and generating a syntactically ordered language. Furthermore, this circuit served as a template for the generation of more elaborate networks supporting these new modes of communication. Finally, the increase in short‐term memory capacities associated with the elaboration of such networks facilitated the generation and processing of recursive linguistic structures based on long‐distance dependencies between linguistic elements and on syntactic movement of phrase constituents. Thus, the acquisition of a functional phonological circuit can be considered as a key innovation that made possible a series of subsequent changes in human evolution leading to the complex and recursion‐based language of modern humans.
Preparing for opening night: temporal boundary objects in textually-mediated professional practice

The authors report on two projects in which the role of documents as temporal boundary objects mediating information practices across multiple timelines was explored. It has been suggested that studying workplace documents will uncover the information practices of professionals beyond traditional information needs and uses studies. Two workplaces were studied: a professional theatre production and a midwifery clinic. Both settings are communities constructed partly through textual dynamics and both have a pre-production phase leading to an opening night. In the theatre setting, qualitative interviews with the cast and crew and document analysis of the prompt book were the means of data collection. The midwifery clinic setting was investigated by means of interviews and followups with 16 midwife-client pairs and document analysis of the antenatal record. Preliminary thematic analysis pertaining to time and information was conducted on interview transcripts and the relevant documents. It was possible to show several instances of both the prompt book and the antenatal record being treated as a timeline by the various professionals using them. The authors conclude with a discussion of the temporal aspects of professionals' information practices as revealed by these two projects and encourage further document-focused research.
Positive emotions as leading to religion and spirituality

A great deal of research has shown that a variety of negative events and emotions can increase religion and spirituality. We argue that positive events and emotions (that imply some self-transcendence) can increase religion and spirituality. In two experiments, participants (N = 91 and N = 87) were exposed to a neutral video or one of three videos eliciting positive emotions: humor, appreciation of nature, and wonder at childbirth. Religiousness was to some extent affected by the positive emotions elicited (Study 1), and spirituality was higher among participants who were exposed to the videos eliciting self-transcendent emotions (appreciation of nature and wonder at childbirth) but not among those exposed to humor (Study 2). Both religiousness and spirituality may fit with the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, but the correspondence seems to be clearer for spirituality, a reality marked by universalism and openness to experience.
Multicenter approach to the exchange-correlation interactions in ab initio tight-binding methods

An approximate method to calculate exchange-correlation contributions in the framework of first-principles tight-binding molecular dynamics methods has been developed. In the proposed scheme on-site (off-site) exchange-correlation matrix elements are expressed as a one-center (two-center) term plus a correction due to other neighboring atoms. The one-center (two-center) term is evaluated directly, while the correction is calculated using a generalization of the [Sankey-Niklewski Phys. Rev. B 40, 3979 (1989)] approach valid for arbitrary atomiclike basis sets. The proposed scheme for exchange-correlation terms, called the multi-center weighted exchange-correlation density approximation (McWEDA), permits the accurate and computationally efficient calculation of corresponding tight-binding matrices and atomic forces for complex systems. We calculate bulk properties of selected transition (W,Pd), noble (Au), and simple (Al) metals, a semiconductor (Si), and the transition metal oxide $\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ with the method to demonstrate its flexibility and accuracy.
With Facebook, Blogs, and Fake News, Teens Reject Journalistic “Objectivity”

This article examines the news behaviors and attitudes of teenagers, an understudied demographic in the research on youth and news media. Based on interviews with 61 racially diverse high school students, it discusses how adolescents become informed about current events and why they prefer certain news formats to others. The results reveal changing ways news information is being accessed, new attitudes about what it means to be informed, and a youth preference for opinionated rather than objective news. This does not indicate that young people disregard the basic ideals of professional journalism but, rather, that they desire more authentic renderings of them.
Development, Administration, and Structural Validity of a Brief, Computerized Neurocognitive Battery: Results From the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers

The Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) is a research project aimed at identifying risk and protective factors for suicide and related mental health outcomes among Army Soldiers. The New Soldier Study component of Army STARRS included the assessment of a range of cognitive- and emotion-processing domains linked to brain systems related to suicidal behavior including posttraumatic stress disorder, mood disorders, substance use disorders, and impulsivity. We describe the design and application of the Army STARRS neurocognitive test battery to a sample of 56,824 soldiers. We investigate its structural and concurrent validity through factor analysis and correlation of scores with demographics. We conclude that, in addition to being composed of previously well-validated measures, the Army STARRS neurocognitive battery as a whole demonstrates good psychometric properties. Correlations of scores with age and sex differences mostly replicate previously published findings, highlighting moderate to large effect sizes even within this restricted age range. Factor structures of scores conform to theoretical expectations. This neurocognitive battery provides a brief, valid measurement of neurocognition that may be helpful in predicting mental health and military performance. These measures can be integrated with neuroimaging to offer a powerful tool for assessing neurocognition in Servicemembers.
Development of a dialysis in vitro release method for biodegradable microspheres

The purpose of this research was to develop a simple and convenient in vitro release method for biodegradable microspheres using a commercially available dialyzer. A 25 KD MWCO Float-a-Lyzer was used to evaluate peptide diffusion at 37°C and 55°C in different buffers and assess the effect of peptide concentration. In vitro release of Leuprolide from PLGA microspheres, having a 1-month duration of action, was assessed using the dialyzer and compared with the commonly used “sample and separate” method with and without agitation. Peptide diffusion through the dialysis membrane was rapid at 37°C and 55°C in all buffers and was independent of peptide concentration. There was no detectable binding to the membrane under the conditions of the study. In vitro release of Leuprolide from PLGA microspheres was tri-phasic and was complete in 28 days with the dialysis technique. With the sample and separate technique, linear release profiles were obtained with complete release occurring under conditions of agitation. Diffusion through the dialysis membrane was sufficiently rapid to qualify the Float-a-Lyzer for an in vitro release system for microparticulate dosage forms. Membrane characteristics render it useful to study drug release under real-time and accelerated conditions.
Using evidential reasoning to make qualified predictions of software quality

Software quality is commonly characterised in a top-down manner. High-level notions such as quality are decomposed into hierarchies of sub-factors, ranging from abstract notions such as maintainability and reliability to lower-level notions such as test coverage or team-size. Assessments of abstract factors are derived from relevant sources of information about their respective lower-level sub-factors, by surveying sources such as metrics data and inspection reports. This can be difficult because (1) evidence might not be available, (2) interpretations of the data with respect to certain quality factors may be subject to doubt and intuition, and (3) there is no straightforward means of blending hierarchies of heterogeneous data into a single coherent and quantitative prediction of quality. This paper shows how Evidential Reasoning (ER) - a mathematical technique for reasoning about uncertainty and evidence - can address this problem. It enables the quality assessment to proceed in a bottom-up manner, by the provision of low-level assessments that make any uncertainty explicit, and automatically propagating these up to higher-level 'belief-functions' that accurately summarise the developer's opinion and make explicit any doubt or ignorance.
Long time no see: overt semantics for Machine Translation

In this paper, we show how a computational semantic approach is best fitted to address the translation of highly isolating languages. We use Chinese as an example and present the overall process of translation from Chinese to English, within the framework of Knowledge-Based Machine Translation (KBMT), using an overt semantics while de-emphasizing syntax. We focus here on two particular tasks: Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) and compound translation.
The Power of 'Organizational Culture' as a Discursive Formation in Merger Integration

This paper argues that knowledge on ‘organizational culture’ has acquired authority and constitutes a ‘truth’ on mergers, a truth imbued with both enabling and constraining power effects. Taking a Foucauldian perspective, the paper theorizes ‘organizational culture’ as a discursive formation that is implicated in a regime of truth. This regime has involved a process of disciplinary normalization in merger integration with the result that ‘culture’ has become naturalized to ‘organization’. Drawing on ethnographic research into merger integration, these arguments are illustrated through two vignettes titled ‘surveillance’ and ‘sanctuary’. These represent the reproduction of, and resistance to, the truth effects of ‘organizational culture’. The implications of critically examining ‘organizational culture’ in this way are twofold: first, it opens up space for other merger discourses, and second, it enables positioning of merger accounts within cultural discourses in a way that forwards productive rather than divisive effects in theory and practice.
Thirty-five-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in Finland.

BACKGROUND In the late 1960s, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality among Finnish men was the highest in the world. From 1972 to 2007, risk factor surveys have been carried out to monitor risk factor trends and assess their contribution to declining mortality in Finland. METHODS The first risk factor survey was carried out in the North Karelia and Kuopio provinces in 1972 as the basis for the evaluation of the North Karelia Project. Since then, up to five geographical areas have been included in the surveys. The target population has been persons aged 25-74 years, except in the first two surveys where the sample was drawn from a population aged 30-59 years. Risk factor contribution on mortality change was assessed by a logistic regression model. RESULTS A remarkable decline in serum cholesterol levels was observed between 1972 and 2007. Blood pressure declined among both men and women until 2002 but levelled off during the last 5 years. Prevalence of smoking decreased among men. Among women, smoking increased throughout the survey years until 2002 but did not increase between 2002 and 2007. Body mass index (BMI) has continuously increased among men. Among women, BMI decreased until 1982, but since then an increasing trend has been observed. Risk factor changes explained a 60% reduction in coronary mortality in middle-aged men while the observed reduction was 80%. CONCLUSIONS The 80% decline in coronary mortality in Finland mainly reflects a great reduction of the risk factor levels; these in turn have been associated with long-term comprehensive chronic disease prevention and health promotion interventions.
Using BioBin to Explore Rare Variant Population Stratification

Rare variants (RVs) will likely explain additional heritability of many common complex diseases; however, the natural frequencies of rare variation across and between human populations are largely unknown. We have developed a powerful, flexible collapsing method called BioBin that utilizes prior biological knowledge using multiple publicly available database sources to direct analyses. Variants can be collapsed according to functional regions, evolutionary conserved regions, regulatory regions, genes, and/or pathways without the need for external files. We conducted an extensive comparison of rare variant burden differences (MAF < 0.03) between two ancestry groups from 1000 Genomes Project data, Yoruba (YRI) and European descent (CEU) individuals. We found that 56.86% of gene bins, 72.73% of intergenic bins, 69.45% of pathway bins, 32.36% of ORegAnno annotated bins, and 9.10% of evolutionary conserved regions (shared with primates) have statistically significant differences in RV burden. Ongoing efforts include examining additional regional characteristics using regulatory regions and protein binding domains. Our results show interesting variant differences between two ancestral populations and demonstrate that population stratification is a pervasive concern for sequence analyses.
Safety Issues for HIFU Transducer Design

In contrast with most ultrasound modalities for medical applications, (especially ultrasound imaging), High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) involves technologies and procedures which may present risk to the patient. These risks, resulting from the high power levels required for effective therapy, should be taken into account at the earliest stages in the design of a system dedicated to HIFU treatment. An understanding of these risks must thus be shared amongst the many players in the field of therapy using high power ultrasound. Moreover, since the number of applications of HIFU has increased appreciably over recent years and the technology is ready to move from the research to the industrial level, it is worth now considering solutions that should be put in place to guarantee the safety of the patient during HIFU treatment. This paper reports thoughts on this, identifies some risks to the patient that must be taken into consideration in the design of HIFU transducers, and proposes some solutions that.
Kinematics analysis of a 3-DOF joint for a novel hyper-redundant robot arm

In this paper, the kinematics of a joint with three degrees of freedom for a novel hyper-redundant robot arm is investigated. This joint is able to achieve a superposed rotation about two axes (roll and pitch) and a translational motion along one axis as a common prismatic joint. The forward and inverse kinematics of the so-called Multi-Joint will be determined in a closed-form solution. Next, the reachable and suitable workspace will be worked out to determine the solution space of the inverse kinematics. Finally, the differential kinematics to compute the cartesian velocity and statics will be determined.
Relationships between Perceived Usefulness, Ease of Use and Environmental Factors of RFID Adoption in Taiwan Logistics Industry

Logistics today have integrated a large number of high-tech techniques. Distribution is no longer simply about moving cargo on the road or via air from location A to B, but is a complex process based on intelligent system for sorting, planning, routing, and consolidation that supports faster transportation [1] . The purpose of this study was to investigate how RFID technology implemented and adopted in Taiwan¡¦s logistics industry. Furthermore, it aimed to determine the behavior intentions of logistics companies in Taiwan and concern factors of adopting the RFID system into current company management systems. Specifically, this study focused on the positive influence of using RFID technology on the industry and the strategical benefits the RFID system had provided to companies, which had accepted and utilized this technology. An integral part of this research was to develop and to empirically test a model of the adoption of RFID in the context of the logistics industry in Taiwan. Based on the theory of Davis¡¦s [2][3] Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this research used a questionnaire to assess Taiwan logistics companies' cognition. In the research framework, use TAM¡¦s perspective of the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and Attitude toward RFID system, as well as to assess the environmental factors toward the RFID system and intentions of using the system. According to the research results, managerial implications and opportunities for future research were discussed in the final.
Teaching Reading Comprehension Strategies to Students With Learning Disabilities: A Review of Research

We review the body of research on reading comprehension for students with learning disabilities. First, we describe the factors that lead to the comprehension difficulties of these students. Next we describe our procedures for reviewing the literature on effective instructional methods for this population. Next we review the body of studies involving instructional methods for improving the comprehension of narrative text. This is followed by the research on techniques for improving the comprehension of expository text. We conclude with a discussion of ongoing issues in the field—in particular, (a) the increased use of socially mediated instruction, (b) the need to teach multiple strategies to students to improve comprehension, and (c) controversies in how important it is to explicitly teach specific strategies versus merely providing flexible frameworks to structure dialogue on texts read.