Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Peritoneal Dialysis on Respiratory Mechanics in Acute Kidney Injury Patients

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common disorder that affects approximately 30% of patients in intensive care units (ICU) (1). Recent studies have shown that peritoneal dialysis (PD) can be an option for select AKI patients for promoting adequate metabolic and fluid control with a mortality rate similar to that of other dialysis modalities (2–7). However, PD can increase intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) after dialysate infusion leading to impaired diaphragm mobilization, decreasing inspiration and expiration pressure, total pulmonary capacity and functional residual capacity, which may cause or worsen respiratory failure (8–12). Despite the important association between AKI and injured lungs in the prognosis of patients, there are no studies on the influence of PD on respiratory mechanics of AKI patients. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the respiratory mechanics, oxygenation and IAP in mechanically ventilated AKI patients undergoing high volume PD.
Red, green, blue equals 1, 2, 3: Digit-color synesthetes can use structured digit information to boost recall of color sequences

Digit-color synesthetes report experiencing colors when perceiving letters and digits. The conscious experience is typically unidirectional (e.g., digits elicit colors but not vice versa) but recent evidence shows subtle bidirectional effects. We examined whether short-term memory for colors could be affected by the order of presentation reflecting more or less structure in the associated digits. We presented a stream of colored squares and asked participants to report the colors in order. The colors matched each synesthete’s colors for digits 1–9 and the order of the colors corresponded either to a sequence of numbers (e.g., [red, green, blue] if 1 = red, 2 = green, 3 = blue) or no systematic sequence. The results showed that synesthetes recalled sequential color sequences more accurately than pseudo-randomized colors, whereas no such effect was found for the non-synesthetic controls. Synesthetes did not differ from non-synesthetic controls in recall of color sequences overall, providing no evidence of a general advantage in memory for serial recall of colors.
Learning and performance of sequential action under different workload conditions : an ACT-R model

This paper describes an ACT-R model that learns and performs sequential actions and displays the skipping of steps under high workload. The model is part of a larger one that simulates the interaction between commercial airline pilots and the aircraft automation. Learning and performing scan patterns or procedures to program the flight management computer are examples for sequential actions in that domain. Errors occurring in the interaction with the automation often involve stepskipping, particularly under high cognitive workload. The model assumes no special learning strategy, but uses two basic ACT-R learning mechanisms, baselevel learning and associative learning. In the test phase, the sequences emerge by symbolically unconstrained retrievals of the respective next steps. The skipping of steps depends on the relative influences of baselevel values and associative activation which change with the varying workload. Relations to extant models of the serial recall paradigm and implications for training are discussed.
An insulin protocol for management of hyperglycemia in patients receiving parenteral nutrition is superior to ad hoc management.

BACKGROUND The authors investigated whether an insulin protocol for parenteral nutrition (PN)-induced hyperglycemia is superior to conventional management relying primarily on sliding-scale insulin at a large county hospital. METHODS A prospective cohort study with historical controls was completed. Adult patients receiving PN were managed with a protocol that determined insulin doses based on carbohydrate delivery and capillary blood glucose (CBG) if half or more of CBG measurements in the first 24 hours after initiation of PN exceeded 140 mg/dL. Control data were obtained from records of patients who met study eligibility criteria but had been managed before implementation of the insulin protocol. RESULTS Mean CBG after the start of insulin therapy was 138 ± 37 mg/dL for protocol patients and 159 ± 46 mg/dL for controls (P < .0001). Proportion of CBG values in the target range of 80-140 mg/dL was 60% in the protocol group and 35% in the control group (P < .0001). Hypoglycemia, defined as CBG <80 mg/dL, occurred infrequently but more often in the protocol group (3% vs 1%, P = .012). There was no difference in total daily insulin between groups, although protocol patients received mostly scheduled insulin (93% total daily dose), whereas control patients received predominantly supplemental insulin (66% total daily dose). CONCLUSIONS Protocol-directed management of PN-induced hyperglycemia is superior to ad hoc insulin dosing. Linking insulin to carbohydrate in PN leads to improved glycemic control with a low rate of hypoglycemia.
This is Printer Multifractal Processes

This paper has two main objectives. First, it develops the multifractal formalism in a context suitable for both, measures and functions, deterministic as well as random, thereby emphasizing an intuitive approach. Second, it carefully discusses several examples, such as the binomial cascades and self-similar processes with a special eye on the use of wavelets. Particular attention is given to a novel class of multifractal processes which combine the attractive features of cascades and self-similar processes. Statistical properties of estimators as well as modelling issues are addressed. AMS Subject classification: Primary 28A80; secondary 37F40.
Even Unassociated Features Can Improve Lexical Distributional Similarity

This paper presents a new computation of lexical distributional similarity, which is a corpus-based method for computing similarity of any two words. Although the conventional method focuses on emphasizing features with which a given word is associated, we propose that even unassociated features of two input words can further improve the performance in total. We also report in addition that more than 90% of the features has no contribution and thus could be reduced in future.
Gene-protein index of Escherichia coli K-12.

INTRODUCTION . 231 METHODS. 232 Classkial Mapping Combined with Identificaton of Protein Spots. 232 Alternadve Approach to Ma.pping . 233 Gene lbraies. 233 Expression of coned DNA . 234 Matching resolved proteins.234. --. 234 Mapifng chromosomal DNA contained on plinuds . 235 Validty and feasibility of the approach. 235 GENE-PROTEIN INDEX . 236 Plasmid table. 236 Protein table . 236 Pasmid map . 236 Protein map . 236 DISCUSSION . 244 LITERATURE CITED . 281
A simple and low‐cost platform technology for producing pexiganan antimicrobial peptide in E. coli

Antimicrobial peptides, as a new class of antibiotics, have generated tremendous interest as potential alternatives to classical antibiotics. However, the large‐scale production of antimicrobial peptides remains a significant challenge. This paper reports a simple and low‐cost chromatography‐free platform technology for producing antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli (E. coli). A fusion protein comprising a variant of the helical biosurfactant protein DAMP4 and the known antimicrobial peptide pexiganan is designed by joining the two polypeptides, at the DNA level, via an acid‐sensitive cleavage site. The resulting DAMP4var‐pexiganan fusion protein expresses at high level and solubility in recombinant E. coli, and a simple heat‐purification method was applied to disrupt cells and deliver high‐purity DAMP4var‐pexiganan protein. Simple acid cleavage successfully separated the DAMP4 variant protein and the antimicrobial peptide. Antimicrobial activity tests confirmed that the bio‐produced antimicrobial peptide has the same antimicrobial activity as the equivalent product made by conventional chemical peptide synthesis. This simple and low‐cost platform technology can be easily adapted to produce other valuable peptide products, and opens a new manufacturing approach for producing antimicrobial peptides at large scale using the tools and approaches of biochemical engineering. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 957–964. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relationships of Helicoverpa armigera, Ostrinia nubilalis and Fusarium verticillioides on MON 810 Maize

MON 810 maize was developed against Ostrinia nubilalis and is suggested to indirectly decrease Fusarium spp. infestation in maize ears. To evaluate this effect, co-occurrence of insect and fungal pests on MON 810 maize was studied. During 2009, exceptionally high maize ear infestation occurred in Julianna-major (Hungary). From investigation of some thousands of maize ears, the majority of the larval damage originated from Helicoverpa armigera larvae, while O. nubilalis larvae contributed significant damage only at a single plot. Fusarium verticillioides infection appeared only in a small portion (∼20–30%) of the insect damaged cobs. H. armigera and O. nubilalis larvae feeding on F. verticillioides mycelia can distribute its conidia with their fecal pellets. MON 810 maize showed 100% efficacy against O. nubilalis in the stem, but lower efficacy against O. nubilalis and H. armigera in maize ears. The ∼Cry1Ab toxin content of maize silk, the entry site of H. armigera, was lower than that in the leaves/stem/husk leaves of MON 810. Fusarium-infected MON 810 cobs are rarely found and only after larval damage by O. nubilalis. H. armigera larvae could not tolerate well F. verticillioides infected food and attempted to move out from the infected cobs. For further feeding they re-entered the maize ears through the 8–12 husk leaves, but in the case of the MON 810 variety, they usually could not reach the kernels. Apical damage on cobs resulted in only a minor (about one-tenth of the cob) decrease in yield.
Fast on-line learning of point distribution models

We present a fast procedure for training point distribution models (PDM) using the EM algorithm. Rather than estimating the class means and covariance matrices needed to construct the PDM, the method iteratively refines the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix using a gradient ascent technique. We evaluate the method on the problem of learning class-structure of Arabic characters.
Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Placentas Originating from Premature Deliveries Induced by Arterial Hypertension

Till the end of 1980s transmission of the message carried by the hormone was thought to be mediated by a single estrogen receptor only. In the mid 1990s studies were published which described the discovery of a new estrogen receptor in both animals and humans [4-7]. The new estrogen receptor, ER-proved to be highly homologous to the classical estrogen receptor, ER- Functional differences at the molecular level between ER- and ER- are of principal importance for the body. Just as importantly, in the case of estrogen receptors the same ligand may play role of either an agonist or antagonist, depending on whether it binds to ER- or ER-. Therefore, following binding of the ligand ER- and ER- may induce distinct biological effects, linked to conformational changes of the receptor [8].
Resistance to surface erosion of epoxy resins with silica and alumina nanofillers

The paper addresses the resistance to surface erosion of epoxy nanocomposites caused by electrical discharges depending on the type, the surface treatment and the loading of the nanofillers. For the experiments silica and alumina nanofillers are used. The spherical filler particles are produced in different ways and three different surface properties have been implemented by suitable surface treatment. Plate shaped samples with a thickness of 1 mm are tested in a rod-plane arrangement. The samples are stressed for 100 hours by surface discharges originating under normal laboratory conditions in air at the triple point when energizing the rod with a sinusoidal voltage of 10 kV at a frequency of 50 Hz. The degree of surface erosion is quantified by the eroded volume which is determined by means of a scanning profilometer. For some nanocomposites the erosion resistance increases with the filler loading up to a few percent by weight while no further increase can be observed for higher filler loadings. For other nanocomposites the resistance to surface erosion increases monotonously up to the highest filler loadings used. The observations are explained by means of the Interphase Volume Model.
TinyGarble: Highly Compressed and Scalable Sequential Garbled Circuits

We introduce Tiny Garble, a novel automated methodology based on powerful logic synthesis techniques for generating and optimizing compressed Boolean circuits used in secure computation, such as Yao's Garbled Circuit (GC) protocol. Tiny Garble achieves an unprecedented level of compactness and scalability by using a sequential circuit description for GC. We introduce new libraries and transformations, such that our sequential circuits can be optimized and securely evaluated by interfacing with available garbling frameworks. The circuit compactness makes the memory footprint of the garbling operation fit in the processor cache, resulting in fewer cache misses and thereby less CPU cycles. Our proof-of-concept implementation of benchmark functions using Tiny Garble demonstrates a high degree of compactness and scalability. We improve the results of existing automated tools for GC generation by orders of magnitude, for example, Tiny Garble can compress the memory footprint required for 1024-bit multiplication by a factor of 4,172, while decreasing the number of non-XOR gates by 67%. Moreover, with Tiny Garble we are able to implement functions that have never been reported before, such as SHA-3. Finally, our sequential description enables us to design and realize a garbled processor, using the MIPS I instruction set, for private function evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first scalable emulation of a general purpose processor.
BRG1, the ATPase subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, interacts with HDAC2 to modulate telomerase expression in human cancer cells

Telomerase is often upregulated during initiation and/or progression of human tumors, suggesting that repression of telomerase might inhibit cancer growth or progression. Here, we report that BRG1, the ATPase subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, is a general suppressor of hTERT transcription in human cancer cells. While overexpression of BRG1 inhibits hTERT transcription, depletion of BRG1 stimulates transcription of hTERT, leading to higher telomerase activity and longer telomeres. Chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that BRG1 binds to the transcription start site (TSS) of the hTERT promoter and forms a ternary complex with histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). BRG1 remodels chromatin structure to facilitate the action of HDAC2, leading to deacetylation of H3K9ac and H4ac at the TSS and suppression of hTERT transcription. On the other hand, β-catenin binds to the TSS and stimulates hTERT transcription. Thus, BRG1/HDAC2 and β-catenin constitute a manipulative apparatus at the TSS to play opposite but complementary roles in regulating hTERT expression. These results uncover a yin-yang mechanism in modulating hTERT transcription and provide explanation for limited transcription of hTERT in human cancer cells. BRG1/HDAC2 may have a potential as an anti-cancer therapeutic and/or for reactivating cellular proliferative capacity in the context of in vitro tissue engineering.
Novel Cell-Based Method To Detect Shiga Toxin 2 from Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Inhibitors of Toxin Activity

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a leading cause of food-borne illness. This human pathogen produces Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) which inhibit protein synthesis by inactivating ribosome function. The present study describes a novel cell-based assay to detect Stx2 and inhibitors of toxin activity. A Vero cell line harboring a destabilized variant (half-life, 2 h) of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (d2EGFP) was used to monitor the toxin-induced inhibition of protein synthesis. This Vero-d2EGFP cell line produced a fluorescent signal which could be detected by microscopy or with a plate reader. However, a greatly attenuated fluorescent signal was detected in Vero-d2EGFP cells that had been incubated overnight with either purified Stx2 or a cell-free culture supernatant from Stx1- and Stx2-producing E. coli O157:H7. Dose-response curves demonstrated that the Stx2-induced inhibition of enhanced green fluorescent protein fluorescence mirrored the Stx2-induced inhibition of overall protein synthesis and identified a picogram-per-milliliter threshold for toxin detection. To establish our Vero-d2EGFP assay as a useful tool for the identification of toxin inhibitors, we screened a panel of plant compounds for antitoxin activities. Fluorescent signals were maintained when Vero-d2EGFP cells were exposed to Stx1- and Stx2-containing medium in the presence of either grape seed or grape pomace extract. The antitoxin properties of the grape extracts were confirmed with an independent toxicity assay that monitored the overall level of protein synthesis in cells treated with purified Stx2. These results indicate that the Vero-d2EGFP fluorescence assay is an accurate and sensitive method to detect Stx2 activity and can be utilized to identify toxin inhibitors.
Gamma activity model for treatment-resistant bipolar psychotic mania

Objectives: The objective was to investigate the effect of clozapine on spontaneous gamma activity in treatment-resistant bipolar psychotic mania. Methods: Patients with treatment-resistant (TR) bipolar psychotic mania on clozapine monotherapy and nontreatment-resistant bipolar psychotic mania patients receiving lithium were prospectively studied for 6 weeks on severity of psychopathology and 30–49 Hz gamma spectral power. Results: Spectral power significantly increased in the lithium group and decreased in the clozapine group; no within group significant difference found. Conclusions: We propose a model highlighting the role of gamma spectral power and modulations of GABAergic neurotransmission in TR bipolar psychotic mania.
Characteristics of persons with an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes and psychological comparisons with persons with an eating disorder and no diabetes.

OBJECTIVES Describe characteristics of patients who have both an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes and compare their responses on psychological tests with those with an eating disorder and no diabetes at time of initial assessment to an eating disorder facility. METHOD A chart audit conducted on all 48 patients with ED-DMT1 who were seen collaboratively by the diabetes and eating disorder treatment teams between 2005 and 2008 at Park Nicollet Health Services and 96 (1:2) matched eating disordered controls. RESULTS Diabetes was diagnosed an average of 10.2 years (SD = 9.4) before the diagnosis of an eating disorder; HbA1c at initial assessment was 11% (±3.2%). Those without diabetes reported greater depression (p = .048) and greater state and trait anxiety (p = .015 and p = .039, respectively) at initial assessment. DISCUSSION Persons with both an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes were less psychologically compromised than their matched cohorts with an eating disorder only. These findings may not remain constant during the course of treatment.
Involvement of the PKC family in regulation of early development

Protein kinase C (PKC) isotypes have been implicated in a number of key steps during gametogenesis, fertilization, and early development. The 11‐member family of PKC isotypes, many with different cofactor requirements for activation, can provide for differential activation of the specific kinases. In addition the enrichment of particular PKC isotypes to unique locations within gametes, zygotes, and early embryos likely promotes specific substrate interactions. Evidence exists to indicate involvement of PKC isotypes during sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction, during resumption of meiosis in the oocytes, regulating the spindle organization in meiosis I and II, at fertilization, in the pronuclei, in the mitotically dividing blastomeres of the embryo, and at the plasma membranes of blastomeres at the time of embryonic compaction. Evidence also exists for crosstalk with other signaling pathways and one or more isotypes of PKC appear to be active at each major developmental transition. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 95–104, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Structural Jump Threshold Framework for Credit Risk

This paper presents a new structural framework for multidimensional default risk. We define the time of default as the first time the log-return of the stock price of a firm jumps below a (possibly nonconstant) default level. When stock prices are exponential Levy, this framework is equivalent to a reduced form approach, where the intensity process is parametrized by a Levy measure. The dependence between the default times of firms within a basket of credit securities is the result of the jump dependence of their respective stock prices, making the link between the equity and credit markets. We value a first-to-default basket credit default swap (CDS) as an application.
Multimedia event detection via deep spatial-temporal neural networks

This paper proposes a novel method using deep spatial-temporal neural networks based on deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for multimedia event detection. To sufficiently take advantage of the motion and appearance information of events from videos, our networks contain two branches: a temporal neural network and a spatial neural network. The temporal neural network captures motion information by Recurrent Neural Networks with the mutation of gated recurrent unit. The spatial neural network catches object information by using the deep CNN, to encode the CNN features as a bag of semantics with more discriminative representations. Both the temporal and spatial features are beneficial for event detection in a fully coupled way. Finally, we employ the generalized multiple kernel learning method to effectively fuse these two types of heterogeneous and complementary features for action recognition. Experiments on TRECVID MEDTest 14 dataset show that our method achieves better performance than the state of the art.
Combinatorial Regulation of fmgD by MrpC2 and FruA during Myxococcus xanthus Development

ABSTRACT Upon starvation, a dense population of rod-shaped Myxococcus xanthus bacteria coordinate their movements to construct mounds in which some of the cells differentiate to spherical spores. During this process of fruiting body formation, short-range C-signaling between cells regulates their movements and the expression of genes important for sporulation. C-signaling activates FruA, a transcription factor that binds cooperatively with another transcription factor, MrpC2, upstream of the fmgA and fmgBC promoters, activating transcription. We have found that a third C-signal-dependent gene, herein named fmgD, is subject to combinatorial control by FruA and MrpC2. The two proteins appear to bind cooperatively upstream of the fmgD promoter and activate transcription. FruA binds proximal to the fmgD promoter, as in the fmgBC promoter region, whereas MrpC2 binds proximal to the fmgA promoter. A novel feature of the fmgD promoter region is the presence of a second MrpC2 binding site partially overlapping the promoter and therefore likely to mediate repression. The downstream MrpC2 site appears to overlap the FruA site, so the two transcription factors may compete for binding, which in both cases appears to be cooperative with MrpC2 at the upstream site. We propose that binding of MrpC2 to the downstream site represses fmgD transcription until C-signaling causes the concentration of active FruA to increase sufficiently to outcompete the downstream MrpC2 for cooperative binding with the upstream MrpC2. This would explain why fmgD transcription begins later during development and is more dependent on C-signaling than transcription of fmgA and fmgBC.