Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-slice CT urography after diuretic injection: initial results.

PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility of CT urography (CTU) using a multi-slice (MS) scanner and to find out whether a low-dose diuretic injection is advantageous for the opacification of the urinary tract. METHODS MS-CTU was performed in 21 patients with urologic diseases. In 5/21 patients, 250 ml of physiologic saline Solution were injected. In 16/21 patients, 10 mg of furosemide were injected 3-5 min before contrast material administration. A 4 x 2.5 mm collimation with a pitch of 1.25 and a tube current of 100-150 mA were used. Scan time was 12-16 sec. 3 mm thin axial images with an overlap of 67% were reconstructed. Multiplanar maximum intensity projection (MIP) images were postprocessed to obtain urographic views. Bone structures were eliminated using the volume-of-interest method. RESULTS Furosemide-enhanced MS-CTU achieved either near complete or complete opacification in 30/32 (94%) ureters and in 32/32 (100%) pelvicaliceal systems up to a serum creatinine of 150 mumol/l. In our series, only one CTU scan per patient was needed to obtain a diagnostic urogram after 10 min of contrast material injection. Ureteral compression was not necessary. When physiologic saline solution was used instead of furosemide, the radiopacity inside the enhanced pelvicalices was 4-5 times higher and more inhomogeneous. Diuretic-enhanced MS-CTU was more accurate in the depiction of pelvicaliceal details. In combination with furosemide, calculi were well identified inside the opacified urine and were safely differentiated from phleboliths. Postprocessing times of up to 20 minutes were problematic as were contrast-enhanced superimposing bowel loops on MIP images. CONCLUSION Preliminary results demonstrate a good feasibility of furosemide-enhanced MS-CTU for obtaining detailed visualization of the entire upper urinary tract.
Proceedings of CASC-26 – the CADE-26 ATP System Competition

The CADE ATP System Competition (CASC) evaluates the performance of sound, fully automatic, classical logic, ATP systems. The evaluation is in terms of the number of problems solved, the number of acceptable proofs and models produced, and the average runtime for problems solved, in the context of a bounded number of eligible problems chosen from the TPTP problem library and other useful sources of test problems, and specified time limits on solution attempts. The CADE-26 ATP System Competition (CASC-26) was held on 9th August 2017. The design of the competition and its rules, and information regarding the competing systems, are provided in this report.
Antenna far-field prediction using restricted IDM based convex optimization

There are near-field and far-field measurements for the radiation field of antennas. Measuring the far-field pattern of an antenna requires huge measuring equipment, which is more difficult than measuring near-field radiation. In addition, calculation of the far-field radiation pattern is inevitable in the calculation of some parameters such as radar cross section. A method for predicting the far-field through near-field data using infinitesimal dipole modeling (IDM) is described in this paper. We also implemented IDM using convex optimization, which is a kind of deterministic algorithm. As a result, modeling can be performed more efficiently than IDM using the meta-heuristic algorithm. From the simulation results, we can confirm the tendency of the modeling accuracy change according to the near-field measurement condition.
Composition, structure, rheological properties, and sensory texture of processed cheese analogues.

Processed cheese analogues were made with different fat and moisture in nonfat solids (MNFS) contents and used to study relationships between composition, microscopic structure, rheological properties and sensory texture. Fat contents ranged from 58 to 230 g kg−1 and MNFS from 487.6 to 603.3 g kg−1. Regressions showed that those rheological parameters measured by uniaxial compression at large deformations and moderately high rates were best explained by linear combinations of MNFS, protein and fat. The moisture in the protein network acted as a plasticiser lowering the rheological parameters. Fat alone had little direct effect on the rheological characteristics under these conditions but at small deformations and low deformation rates it formed elastic inclusions that contributed to the properties. Examination of fracture surfaces in the SEM suggested that, during fracture, fat was squeezed out and acted as a lubricant. Maximum stress and work to maximum stress measured at moderately high deformation rates related best to the sensory results and described fracture of the cheeses. From the regressions, for 95% confidence limits, sensory analysis could theoretically measure changes within the range of composition tested of <0.1% in MNFS or fat. Of the rheological parameters only work to maximum stress was as sensitive. However, interaction between these compositional factors reduced the sensitivity in practice.
Transforming growth factor beta1 modulates extracellular matrix organization and cell‐cell junctional complex formation during in vitro angiogenesis

Transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1) is angiogenic in vivo. In two‐dimensional (2‐D) culture systems microvascular endothelial cell proliferation is inhibited up to 80% by TGF‐β1 however, in three‐dimensional (3‐D) collagen gels TGF‐β1 is found to have no effect on proliferation while eliciting the formation of calcium and magnesium dependent tube‐like structures mimicking angiogenesis. DNA analyses performed on 3‐D cell cultures reveal no significant difference in the amount of DNA or cell number in control versus TGF‐β1 treated cultures. In 2‐D cultures TGF‐β1 is known to increase cellular fibronectin accumulation; however, in 3‐D cultures no difference is seen between control and TGF‐β1 treated cells as established by ELISA testing for type IV collagen, fibronectin, and laminin. In 3‐D cultures there is increased synthesis and secretion of type V collagen in both control and TGF‐β1 treated cultures over 2‐D cultures. Even though an equal amount of type V collagen is seen in both 3‐D conditions, there is a reorganization of the protein with concentration along an organizing basal lamina in TGF‐β1 treated cultures. EM morphological analyses on 3‐D cultures illustrate quiescent, control cells lacking cell contacts. In contrast, TGF‐β1 treated cells show increased pseudopod formation, cell‐cell contact, and organized basal lamina‐like material closely apposed to the “abluminal” plasma membranes. TGF‐β1 treated cells also appear to form junctional complexes between adjoining cells. Immunofluorescence using specific antibodies to the tight junction protein ZO‐1 results in staining at apparent cell‐cell junctions in the 3‐D cultures. Northern blots of freshly isolated microvascular endothelium, 2‐D and 3‐D cultures, using cDNA and cRNA probes specific for the ZO‐1 tight junction protein, reveal the presence of the 7.8 kb mRNA. Western blots of rat epididymal fat pad endo‐thelial cells (RFC) monolayer lysates probed with anti‐ZO‐1 label a 220 kd band which co‐migrates with the bonafide ZO‐1 protein. These data confirm and support the hypothesis that TGF‐β1 is angiogenic in vitro, eliciting microvascular endothelial cells to form tube‐like structures with apparent tight junctions and abluminal basal lamina deposition in three‐dimensional cultures.
Multimedia Summary Generation from Online Conversations: Current Approaches and Future Directions

With the proliferation of Web-based social media, asynchronous conversations have become very common for supporting online communication and collaboration. Yet the increasing volume and complexity of conversational data often make it very difficult to get insights about the discussions. We consider combining textual summary with visual representation of conversational data as a promising way of supporting the user in exploring conversations. In this paper, we report our current work on developing visual interfaces that present multimedia summary combining text and visualization for online conversations and how our solutions have been tailored for a variety of domain problems. We then discuss the key challenges and opportunities for future work in this research space.
Varactor-tuned hairpin bandpass filter with an attenuation pole

In this paper, a varactor-tuned hairpin bandpass filter using a tapped open stub is studied. In this configuration the filter's center frequency as well as the bandwidth can be controlled. The tapped open stub introduces the attenuation pole which can be located near the passband by adjusting the stub length. Varactors loaded at the end of hairpin resonator and the tapped open stub enable us to control the center frequency with constant bandwidth as well as to have a large tuning bandwidth. Based on the detailed analysis, the varactor-tuned hairpin bandpass filter is designed, in which the tuning bandwidth reaches 15 % of the center frequency at 2 GHz.
A multimodal biometrics system implemented using open source technology

Because of the rising need for reliable biometric systems, finding different ways for improving biometric system performance becomes a significant problem. A solution to this problem is the integration of more different biometric modalities, known as multimodal biometrics. In this paper a description of a real multimodal biometrics system, developed on Faculty of organisational sciences using open source technology is given. Unimodal biometric solutions are presented, system performance measurements for different information fusion methods given and multimodal biometric database used for testing system performance is described.
Proteomics analyses of microvesicles released by Drosophila Kc167 and S2 cells

Distinct types of vesicles are formed in eukaryotic cells that conduct a variable set of functions depending on their origin. One subtype designated circulating microvesicles (MVs) provides a novel form of intercellular communication and recent work suggested the release and uptake of morphogens in vesicles by Drosophila cells. In this study, we have examined cells of the hemocyte‐like cell lines Kc167 and S2 and identified secreted vesicles in the culture supernatant. The vesicles were isolated and found to have characteristics comparable to exosomes and plasma membrane MVs released by mammalian cells. In wingless‐transfected cells, the full‐length protein was detected in the vesicle isolates. Proteomics analyses of the vesicles identified 269 proteins that include various orthologs of marker proteins and proteins with putative functions in vesicle formation and release. Analogous to their mammalian counterparts, the subcellular origin of the vesicular constituents of both cell lines is dominated by membrane‐associated and cytosolic proteins with functions that are consistent with their localization in MVs. The analyses revealed a significant overlap of the Kc167 and S2 vesicle proteomes and confirmed a close correlation with non‐mammalian and mammalian exosomes.
Construction of Mutant Alleles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae without Cloning: Overview and the Delitto Perfetto Method

Traditionally, methods for introducing specific new mutations at target loci in the yeast genome have involved the preparation of disruption or gene‐replacement cassettes via multiple cloning steps. Sequences used for targeting these cassettes or integrating vectors are typically several hundred base pairs long. A variety of newer methods rely on the design of custom PCR oligonucleotides containing shorter sequence tails (∼50 nt) for targeting the locus of interest. These techniques obviate the need for cloning steps and allow construction of mutagenesis cassettes by PCR amplification. Such cassettes may be used for gene deletion, epitope tagging, or site‐specific mutagenesis. The strategies differ in several ways, most notably with respect to whether they allow reuse of the selection marker and whether extra sequences are left behind near the target locus. This unit presents a summary of methods for targeted mutagenesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae loci without cloning, including PCR‐based allele replacement, delitto perfetto, and MIRAGE. Next, a protocol is provided for the delitto perfetto PCR‐ and oligonucleotide‐based mutagenesis method, which offers particular advantages for generating several different mutant alleles of the same gene. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 104:13.10C. 1‐13.10C. 17. © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest – nowe perspektywy badawcze

Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest – new research perspectives The goal of this paper is to present the vast array of content that is emerging within social media platforms: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Pinterest and analyze the ways in which they can be classified. This is a review of the available interdisciplinary methods and factors that should be taken into consideration when researching the genelogy of the texts that arise in the network. The Internet has changed the face of social communication. It has highlighted processes that were much less visible before. The challenge for researchers is to analyze the enormous amount of content and incorporate it into a classification system. Above all, statements made on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Pinterest, require analysis. Previous attempts to systematize them did not correspond to the reality of the network. Research on the Internet genres and communication forms requires the use of relevant analytical tools and interdisciplinary approaches. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest – nowe perspektywy badawcze Celem publikacji jest zaprezentowanie ogromnej liczby roznorodnych treści, ktore powstają w ramach platform spolecznościowych: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram i Pinterest, oraz analiza dostepnych sposobow ich klasyfikacji. Chodzi zatem o przegląd dostepnych interdyscyplinarnych metod i czynnikow, ktore warto brac pod uwage przy badaniach genologicznych tekstow, ktore powstają w sieci. Internet zmienil oblicze spolecznej komunikacji. Uwypuklil procesy, ktore do tej pory nie byly tak widoczne. Wyzwaniem dla badaczy jest analiza ogromnej ilości treści i ujecie ich w system klasyfikacji. Analizy wymagają przede wszystkim komunikaty powstające w ramach mediow spolecznościowych, takich jak Facebook, Twitter, Instagram i Pinterest. Dotychczasowe proby systematyzacji nie odpowiadaly realiom sieci. Badania form gatunkowo-komunikacyjnych internetu wymagają wykorzystywania przynaleznych sieci narzedzi analitycznych oraz podejścia interdyscyplinarnego.
Two molybdate/tungstate ABC transporters that interact very differently with their substrate binding proteins

In all kingdoms of life, ATP Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters participate in many physiological and pathological processes. Despite the diversity of their functions, they have been considered to operate by a largely conserved mechanism. One deviant is the vitamin B12 transporter BtuCD that has been shown to operate by a distinct mechanism. However, it is unknown if this deviation is an exotic example, perhaps arising from the nature of the transported moiety. Here we compared two ABC importers of identical substrate specificity (molybdate/tungstate), and find that their interactions with their substrate binding proteins are utterly different. One system forms a high-affinity, slow-dissociating complex that is destabilized by nucleotide and substrate binding. The other forms a low-affinity, transient complex that is stabilized by ligands. The results highlight significant mechanistic divergence among ABC transporters, even when they share the same substrate specificity. We propose that these differences are correlated with the different folds of the transmembrane domains of ABC transporters.
Adaptive Continuous Query Reoptimization over Data Streams

A data stream is a series of massive unbounded tuples continuously generated at a rapid rate. Continuous queries for data streams should be processed continuously, so that a strict time constraint is required. In most previous research studies, in order to guarantee this constraint, the evaluation order of join predicates in a continuous query is optimized using a greedy strategy. However, because a greedy strategy traces only the first promising plan, it often finds a suboptimal plan. To reduce the possibility of producing a suboptimal plan, in this paper, we propose an improved scheme, k-Extended Greedy Algorithm (k-EGA), that simultaneously examines a set of promising plans and reoptimize an execution plan adaptively. The number of promising plans is flexibly controlled by a user-defined range variable. The scheme verifies the performance of the current plan periodically. If the plan is no longer efficient, a newly optimized plan is generated. The performance of the proposed scheme is verified through various experiments to identify its various characteristics.
A Hybrid Computation Model to Describe the Progression of Multiple Myeloma and Its Intra-Clonal Heterogeneity

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a genetically complex hematological cancer that is characterized by proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM evolves from the clonal premalignant disorder monoclonal gammopathy of unknown signiﬁcance (MGUS) by sequential genetic changes involving many different genes, resulting in dysregulated growth of multiple clones of plasma cells. The migration, survival, and proliferation of these clones require the direct and indirect interactions with the non-hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow. We develop a hybrid discrete-continuous model of MM development from the MGUS stage. The discrete aspect of the modelisobservedatthecellularlevel: cellsarerepresentedasindividualobjectswhichmove,interact, divide, and die by apoptosis. Each of these actions is regulated by intracellular and extracellular processes as described by continuous models. The hybrid model consists of the following submodels that have been simpliﬁed from the much more complex state of evolving MM: cell motion due to chemotaxis, intracellular regulation of plasma cells, extracellular regulation in the bone marrow, and acquisition of mutations upon cell division. By extending a previous, simpler model in which the extracellular matrix was considered to be uniformly distributed, the new hybrid model provides a more accurate description in which cytokines are produced by the marrow microenvironment and consumed by the myeloma cells. The complex multiple genetic changes in MM cells and the numerous cell-cell and cytokine-mediated interactions between myeloma cells and their marrow microenviroment are simpliﬁed in the model such that four related but evolving MM clones can be studied as they compete for dominance in the setting of intraclonal heterogeneity.
A feasibility study to investigate the use of thin-plate splines to account for prostate deformation

Image registration is an important step in the radiotherapy treatment planning process. It provides a method of fusing different types of diagnostic imaging information. One such application is to combine magnetic resonance spectroscopic images (MRSI) of the prostate with anatomical MRI and/or computed tomography images that are routinely used in the radiation treatment planning of prostate cancer. MRSI provides in vivo information related to the underlying metabolic activity of tissues, and can be related to the presence of cancer. However, the inflated endorectal coil required during MRS imaging poses a potential problem by deforming the prostate when it is filled with ∼100 cm3 of air during image acquisition. This pushes the prostate superiorly/anteriorly, deforming the prostate and consequently the spectroscopic imaging data in a nonlinear manner. In this application, the coil-deformed MRS images are warped back to a non-deformed state, using a single data set. A nonlinear warping algorithm is presented to achieve this. Results indicate that the algorithm attains an accuracy of 97% (4 cm3 difference) when reproducing the total prostate volume compared to a Radiation Oncologist defined prostate volume. This difference is slightly smaller than the measured intra-operator variance of ±1.5 cm3 (deflated coil) and the measured algorithm variance of ±1.0 cm3. Additionally, intraprostatic nodules were used to assess the accuracy of the warping algorithm in regions inside the prostate. While choosing anatomical tie points along the external prostate surface, analysis of the nodules revealed the algorithm accuracy reduced to 63–93%.
Sentiment Classification and Opinion Mining on Airline Reviews

As twitter gains great popularity as an online social networking service in recent years, tweets on twitter become a valuable source of information for companies to get feedbacks from their customers. However, extracting such information from seemingly random comments and reviews is not an easy task due to the scale of data size and the difficulty in semantic analysis. For example, someone tweets: “@VirginAmerica Hey first time flyer next week – excited! But I’m having a hard time getting my flights added to my Elevate account. Help? ” Is she happy with the flight experience or not? If not, what makes her unhappy? Having machines answer these types of questions and learn the sentiment of each tweet automatically will be extremely helpful for service providers to understand the strength and weakness of their products and to improve them in the future.
Sec23 Homolog Nel1 Is a Novel GTPase-activating Protein for Sar1 but Does Not Function as a Subunit of the Coat Protein Complex II (COPII) Coat*

Background: Sec23 is a COPII coat subunit involved in ER-to-Golgi trafficking under the control of the Sar1 GTPase. Results: The Sec23 homolog Nel1 has genetic and biochemical interactions with Sar1 but is not part of the COPII complex. Conclusion: Nel1 is a novel Sec23 paralog that shows a functional link with Sar1. Significance: Nel1 is the first Sar1-GAP demonstrated to not function as a subunit of the COPII coat. The coat protein complex II (COPII) generates transport carriers from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) under the control of the small GTPase Sar1. Sec23 is well known as a structural component of the COPII coat and as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Sar1. Here, we showed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a novel Sec23 paralog, Nel1, which appears not to function as a subunit of the COPII coat. Nel1 does not associate with any of the COPII components, but it exhibits strong Sar1 GAP activity. We also demonstrated that the chromosomal deletion of NEL1 leads to a significant growth defect in the temperature-sensitive sar1D32G background, suggesting a possible functional link between these proteins. In contrast to Sec23, which is predominantly localized at ER exit sites on the ER membrane, a major proportion of Nel1 is localized throughout the cytosol. Our findings highlight a possible role of Nel1 as a novel GAP for Sar1.
Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia: clinical review.

Preinvasive neoplasia ofthe vulva has been recognised for over 75 years, but terminology to describe the disease has been confusing. Vulval carcinoma in situ (CIS) has been variously described as Bowen's disease, erythroplasia of Queryat, carcinoma in situ simplex, bowenoid papulosis, kraurosis vulvae, and leukoplakia. ' In 1983 the 3rd international congress of the International Society for the Study of Vulval Disease (ISSVD ) agreed a modified nomenclature for the uniform classification of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). This classification grades vulval atypia in a manner similar to that commonly used for intraepithelial neoplasia of the cervix. VIN is thus classified as: (1) squamous (with or without evidence of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV)) (a) VIN I (showing mild atypia); (b)VIN II (moderate atypia); (c) VIN III (severe atypia, CIS); or (2) nonsquamous (a) Paget's disease; (b) melanoma in situ (showing atypical melanotic hyperplasia). The following discussion deals only with squamous cell VIN.