Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Size Effects on the Touchpad, Touchscreen, and Keyboard Tasks of Netbooks

The size of a netbook plays an important role in its success. Somehow, the viewing area on screen and ability to type fast were traded off for portability. To further investigate, this study compared the performances of different-sized touchpads, touchscreens, and keyboards of four-sized netbooks for five application tasks. Consequently, the 7″ netbook was significantly slower than larger netbooks in all the tasks except the 8.9” netbook touchpad (successive selecting and clicking) or keyboard tasks. Differences were non-significant for the operating times among the 8.9″, 10.1”, and 11.6″ netbooks in all the tasks except between the 8.9” and 11.6″ netbooks in keyboards tasks. For error rates, device-type effects rather than size effects were significant. Gender effects were not significant for operating times in all the tasks but for error rates in touchscreen (multi-direction touching) and keyboard tasks. Considering size effects, the 10.1” netbooks seemed to optimally balance between portability and productivity.
Implementing English Further/Higher Education Partnerships: The Street Level Perspective.

This paper reports on research into the operation of English further/higher education, with a focus on the role of partnerships in supporting the massification of higher education. The research draws on the bottom-up policy implementation tradition to provide analysis of the effects on partnerships of a quasi-marketised environment. The rationale and effects of market orientated policy are discussed with reference to empirical data from college staff and partnership managers. In employing the concept of the ‘street-level bureaucrat’ as an agent of policy implementation, this research contributes to the interpretation of policy and partnership which has previously been unexplored within the further/higher education context. Conclusions are drawn with implications for the development of college higher education delivered in partnership.
Evaluation of GARCH model Adequacy in forecasting Non-linear economic time series data

To date in literature, GARCH model has been described not suitable for non-linear foreign exchange series and therefore this paper proposes an Augmented GARCH model that could capture both linear and non-linear behavior of data. The properties of this new model is derived and found to have a minimum variance compared with GARCH model. We employ the use of Brock-DechertScheinkman (BDS) test statistic to confirm the suitability of GARCH model on the data; the new methodology proposed is illustrated with foreign exchange rate data from Great Britain (Pound) and Botswana (Pula) against United States of America (Dollar).
Microtubule aging probed by microfluidics-assisted tubulin washout

Microtubule aging—the decrease of stability with age—is an interesting but mechanistically not understood property of microtubules. It constrains possible mechanisms of catastrophe induction and is believed to be crucial for length regulation. New in vitro experiments and model fits provide insight into the origin of microtubule aging.
Computational Science Education Focused on Future Domain Scientists

The majority of university courses which educate students in high performance, parallel, and distributed computing are located within computer science departments. This can potentially be a hurdle to students from other disciplines who need to acquire these critical skills.We discuss a sequence of application-driven courses designed to educate undergraduate and graduate students who do not necessarily have a computer science background on developing scientific research software, with an emphasis on using high performance, parallel, and distributed computational systems.
The NL2KR Platform for building Natural Language Translation Systems

This paper presents the NL2KR platform to build systems that can translate text to different formal languages. It is freelyavailable1, customizable, and comes with an Interactive GUI support that is useful in the development of a translation system. Our key contribution is a userfriendly system based on an interactive multistage learning algorithm. This effective algorithm employs Inverse-λ, Generalization and user provided dictionary to learn new meanings of words from sentences and their representations. Using the learned meanings, and the Generalization approach, it is able to translate new sentences. NL2KR is evaluated on two standard corpora, Jobs and GeoQuery and it exhibits state-of-the-art performance on both of them.
Jointly Modeling Multi-grain Aspects and Opinions for Large-Scale Online Review

To aggregate opinions on aspects of entities mentioned in large-scale online reviews, it is important to automatically extract aspects of different granularities, identify associated opinions, especially aspect-specific opinions, and classify sentiment polarity. Recently, various topic models are proposed to process some of these tasks, but there is little work available to do all simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a Joint Aspect-Based Sentiment Topic (JABST) model to jointly extracting multi-grain aspects and opinions, which addresses all the tasks mentioned above. JABST models aspect, opinion, sentiment polarity and granularity simultaneously. To better separate opinion and aspect words, we propose JABST-ME, in which a maximum entropy (ME) classifier is applied to extend JABST. We evaluated the models on reviews of electronic devices and restaurants qualitatively and quantitatively. The experimental results show that the proposed models outperform state-of-the-art baselines.
Trust and Identification in the Virtual Team: Exploring the Bases of Trust and the Processes of Intra-Group Identification

The trend for virtual projects follows recent rapid developments in communication technologies. This thesis examines whether distributed workers in temporary teams have the opportunity or inclination to redefine themselves in ten-ns of their team memberships, and how such identification and trust processes might alleviate potential intra-group tensions and promote tolerance and cooperation. It asks the question: "Is there a climate for shared perceptions, group cohesion, solidarity and trust in the virtual team? " To address this, a conceptual framework is drawn from social psychology theories and existing empirical research on groups, linking concepts of self, trust, climate and group cohesion. It employs a two-stage mixedmethods research design. A survey of IVIS project professionals accessed through the Association for Project Management produced 226 completed questionnaires. The data was used for the study's inferential statistics. Three distinct companies were identified from the survey responses for the second qualitative phase using a systematic sampling approach. This project contributes to the literature and theory by proposing that virtual team members' willingness to form relational links, the way they make sense of their work environment and their views of their own contribution and other team colleagues' behaviour are related. It also extends current methodological approaches in the study of virtual teams. The survey-then-interview design overcomes the lack of specific and predefined measures of trust and identity in virtual team working by allowing the researcher to draw on extant literatures for instrument development, theory testing and in-depth probing for additional insights. Structural equation modelling enabled the researcher to study the whole relational phenomenon and to derive a structural model whose factors provided the themes and constructs for qualitative analysis. Critically, this study has demonstrated that although trust starts at the interpersonal level, collective trust and identification are possible even for teams with limited face-to-face interactions. Other key survey findings suggest that (1) trust is instrumental and predicated on selfpreservation through collective project delivery, (2) project demands and experiential
A ten-year retrospective study of pink and yellow neonatal hyaline membrane disease.

Since it was first described several years ago, yellow bilirubin staining of the pulmonary membranes in neonatal hyaline membrane disease has apparently become more common. In a retrospective study of neonatal autopsy experience, it was found that as more of the premature infants survived longer, yellow hyaline membrane disease was a more frequent finding, increasing from 7% of all newborns having hyaline membrane disease at autopsy in 1970 to 50% in 1980. In comparing 499 cases with eosinophilic hyaline membranes with 168 cases of yellow membranes, newborns with bilirubin staining of the pulmonary membranes were found to be more premature (P less than .02), had smaller autopsy weight (P less than .002), and survived longer (P less than .00001). When multiple clinical parameters were compared between a group of infants with yellow membranes and a group of infants with pink membranes who were matched for gestational age, year of birth, and length of survival, no differences were found between the two groups. No correlation was found between kernicterus and yellow staining of the pulmonary hyaline membranes in the first years of the study, but there was a strong correlation in the last 5 years, coincident with the increase in the rate of yellow hyaline membrane disease found at autopsy. The gross bilirubin staining of the brain was the secondary type of kernicterus, not toxic bilirubin encephalopathy. The observation of bilirubin staining in the lung and in the brain correlates with prolonged survival in some very small premature infants. This does not appear to be a manifestation of bilirubin toxicity, but rather a marker of prior tissue damage.
Comparison of the dose-dependent activity and paradoxical effect of caspofungin and micafungin in a neutropenic murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

OBJECTIVES The safety and concentration-dependent pharmacodynamic characteristics of the echinocandins make them ideal candidates for dosage escalation in the treatment of aspergillosis. However, paradoxical attenuation of antifungal activity with increasing doses has been reported for some echinocandins in experimental models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). METHODS We compared the activity of micafungin and caspofungin administered over a wide dosing range that encompasses clinical exposures (0.25-10 mg/kg) in a neutropenic murine model of IPA. RESULTS Both echinocandins exhibited dose-dependent reductions in fungal burden; however, caspofungin displayed a relatively steeper dose-response curve with a modest paradoxical increase in fungal burden that was not seen in micafungin-treated animals. Equivalent activity was observed with both echinocandins at daily doses ranging from 4 to 10 mg/kg. CONCLUSIONS Both micafungin and caspofungin exhibit dose-dependent pharmacodynamic activity in vivo in the treatment of neutropenic IPA. Both echinocandins were equivalent at dosages > or = 4 mg/kg day.
Perioperative Fluid Management Strategies in Major Surgery: A Stratified Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Both “liberal” and “goal-directed” (GD) therapy use a large amount of perioperative fluid, but they appear to have very different effects on perioperative outcomes. We sought to determine whether one fluid management strategy was superior to the others. METHODS: We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of GD or restrictive versus liberal fluid therapy (LVR) in major adult surgery from MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed (1951 to April 2011), and Cochrane controlled trials register without language restrictions. Indirect comparison between the GD and LVR strata was performed. RESULTS: A total of 3861 patients from 23 GD RCTs (median sample size = 90, interquartile range [IQR] 57 to 109) and 1160 patients from 12 LVR RCTs (median sample size = 80, IQR36 to 151) were considered. Both liberal and GD therapy used more fluid compared to their respective comparative arm, but their effects on outcomes were very different. Patients in the liberal group of the LVR stratum had a higher risk of pneumonia (risk ratio [RR] 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0 to 4.5), pulmonary edema (RR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 13), and a longer hospital stay than those in the restrictive group (mean difference [MD] 2 days, 95% CI 0.5 to 3.4). Using GD therapy also resulted in a lower risk of pneumonia (RR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6 to 0.9) and renal complications (0.7, 95% CI 0.5 to 0.9), and a shorter length of hospital stay (MD 2 days, 95% CI 1 to 3) compared to not using GD therapy. Liberal fluid therapy was associated with an increased length of hospital stay (4 days, 95% CI 3.4 to 4.4), time to first bowel movement (2 days, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.3), and risk of pneumonia (RR ratio 3, 95% CI 1.8 to 4.8) compared to GD therapy. CONCLUSION: Perioperative outcomes favored a GD therapy rather than liberal fluid therapy without hemodynamic goals. Whether GD therapy is superior to a restrictive fluid strategy remains uncertain.
Disclosing and sharing emotion: Psychological, social and health consequences

Discusses how people naturally talk about—and sometimes avoid talking about—emotional events. The chapter attempts to sort out some of the complexities of social sharing and disclosure. The authors begin by reviewing the findings on social sharing of emotion. Next they focus on disclosure interventions that have been effective in improving health. The authors conclude with specific issues surrounding social sharing and disclosure and bereavement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Physiological Background of Differences in Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Between Acute Malignant and Benign Vertebral Body Fractures: Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient With Quantitative Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using the 2-Compartment Exchange Mod

Objective To test the hypothesis that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in vertebral bone marrow of benign and malignant fractures is related to the volume of the interstitial space, determined with dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging. Methods Patients with acute benign (n = 24) and malignant (n = 19) vertebral body fractures were examined at 1.5 T. A diffusion-weighted single-shot turbo-spin-echo sequence (b = 100 to 600 s/mm2) and DCE turbo-FLASH sequence were evaluated. Regions of interest were manually selected for each fracture. Apparent diffusion coefficient was determined with a monoexponential decay model. The DCE magnetic resonance imaging concentration-time curves were analyzed using a 2-compartment tracer-kinetic model. Results Apparent diffusion coefficient showed a significant positive correlation with interstitial volume in the whole study population (Pearson r = 0.66, P < 0.001), as well as in the malignant (Pearson r = 0.64, P = 0.004) and benign (Pearson r = 0.52, P = 0.01) subgroup. A significant correlation between ADC and the permeability-surface area product could be observed when analyzing the whole study population (Spearman rs = 0.40, P = 0.008), but not when separately examining the subgroups. Plasma flow showed a significant correlation with ADC in benign fractures (Pearson r = 0.23, P = 0.03). Plasma volume did not show significant correlations with ADC. Conclusions The results support the hypothesis that the ADC of a lesion is inversely correlated to its cellularity. This explains previous observations that ADC is reduced in more malignant lesions.
Belittled, Avoided, Ignored, Denied: Assessing Forms and Consequences of Stigma Experiences of People With Mental Illness

People with mental illness experience discrimination, paternalistic treatment, and avoidance. To facilitate assessment of such experiences, the authors developed the Multifaceted Stigma Experiences Scale. It assesses four dimensions of experienced stigma in interpersonal interaction: hostile discrimination, benevolent discrimination, taboo, and denial. The influence of stigma experiences on mental health was modeled in a two-wave panel with persons with mental illness (N = 367, 79% repeated response rate). Results indicate that both subtle and blatant forms of stigma constitute a barrier to recovery and may be interpreted as attempts to increase social distance and reinforce the existing social order.
23. Hydrology and Water Quality Modeling of the Santa Clara River Watershed

The mission of the Green visions Plan for 21st Century Southern California is to offer a guide to habitat conservation, watershed health and recreational open space for the Los Angeles metropolitan region. The Plan will also provide decision support tools to nurture a living green matrix for southern California. our goals are to protect and restore natural areas, restore natural hydrological function, promote equitable access to open space, and maximize support via multiple-use facilities. The Plan is a joint venture between the
Experimental Study of the Electromagnetic Forces of a HTS Bulk Magnet Subjected to Sinusoidal Traveling Magnetic Field

High temperature superconducting (HTS) bulk sample acts as quasi-permanent magnet when it traps magnetic field, and the superconducting bulk magnet can substitute the traditional permanent magnet in the engineering of the linear motor for the purpose of achieving higher efficiency. The electromagnetic forces between the HTS bulk magnets and the ac magnetic field are the most important parameters to consider for the engineering of a motor. We measured the static vertical and thrust forces of an HTS magnet subject to a sinusoidal traveling magnetic field at different trapped fields and at different current amplitude and frequencies. The force relaxation of the HTS bulk magnet was also compared with that of a traditional permanent magnet. The feasibility of replacing the conventional magnet in the ac application machines by HTS bulk ones was preliminary validated experimentally.
Using Contextual Information for Service Recommendation

Recommender systems have successfully supported the effective and efficient selection of one product out of the many which meet consumer's needs. Our work extends this work to the area of service recommendation, where we demonstrate the need for using multiple criteria regarding service qualities, and the need to consider multiple contextual dimensions regarding the expected use of that service. This motivates our proposed approach, which uses collaborative filtering and considers both multiple ranking criteria and a number of different context dimensions. The expected sparsity of ranking when handling the contextual information is dealt with by introducing the metric of concept similarity for different context types, and showing how this metric can help reuse data between contexts. At the end of the paper, two rounds of experiments are described. The first shows that considering context produces better predictions, and the second round is used to test our approach for handling sparsity by reusing data between contexts using the similarity metric.
Parallel Recruitment ofMultiple Genes into C 4 Photosynthesis

During the diversification of living organisms, novel adaptive traits usually evolve through the co-option of preexisting genes. However, most enzymes are encoded by gene families, whose members vary in their expression and catalytic properties. Each may therefore differ in its suitability for recruitment into a novel function. In this work, we test for the presence of such a gene recruitment bias using the example of C4 photosynthesis, a complex trait that evolved recurrently in flowering plants as a response to atmospheric CO2 depletion. We combined the analysis of complete nuclear genomes and high-throughput transcriptome data for three grass species that evolved the C4 trait independently. For five of the seven enzymes analyzed, the same gene lineage was recruited across the independent C4 origins, despite the existence of multiple copies. The analysis of a closely related C3 grass confirmed that C4 expression patterns were not present in the C3 ancestors but were acquired during the evolutionary transition to C4 photosynthesis. The significant bias in gene recruitment indicates that some genes are more suitable for a novel function, probably because the mutations they accumulated brought them closer to the characteristics required for the new function.
The p53‐inducible long noncoding RNA TRINGS protects cancer cells from necrosis under glucose starvation

The tumor suppressor p53 is activated in response to cellular stress to prevent malignant transformation. However, several recent studies have shown that p53 can play protective roles in tumor cell survival under adversity. Whether p53‐regulated long noncoding RNAs are involved in this process remains to be fully understood. Here, we show that under glucose starvation condition, p53 directly upregulates a novel lncRNA named TRINGS (Tp53‐regulated inhibitor of necrosis under glucose starvation) in human tumor cells. TRINGS binds to STRAP and inhibits STRAP–GSK3β–NF‐κB necrotic signaling to protect tumor cells from cell death. Interestingly, TRINGS appears to respond to glucose starvation specifically, as it is not activated by serum, serine, or glutamine deprivation. Collectively, our findings reveal that p53‐induced lncRNA TRINGS controls the necrotic pathway and contributes to the survival of cancer cells harboring wild‐type p53 under glucose stress.
Measuring Business Cycles – a Dynamic Perspective

In this paper we study cyclical patterns by applying multivariate wavelet analysis. The wavelet covariance and wavelet correlation are defined and applied to the analysis of business cycles as an alternative to the traditional cross-spectrum analysis. The main findings for Slovenia are that there is a significant business cycle component in aggregate economic activity. Business cycles are asymmetric and highly synchronized with the EU cycle. Additionally we find that there are three distinctive periods of business cycle synchronization, which have an important impact on the properties of a business cycle.
Mass spectrometry reveals synergistic effects of nucleotides, lipids, and drugs binding to a multidrug resistance efflux pump

Multidrug resistance is a serious barrier to successful treatment of many human diseases, including cancer, wherein chemotherapeutics are exported from target cells by membrane-embedded pumps. The most prevalent of these pumps, the ATP-Binding Cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp), consists of two homologous halves each comprising one nucleotide-binding domain and six transmembrane helices. The transmembrane region encapsulates a hydrophobic cavity, accessed by portals in the membrane, that binds cytotoxic compounds as well as lipids and peptides. Here we use mass spectrometry (MS) to probe the intact P-gp small molecule-bound complex in a detergent micelle. Activation in the gas phase leads to formation of ions, largely devoid of detergent, yet retaining drug molecules as well as charged or zwitterionic lipids. Measuring the rates of lipid binding and calculating apparent KD values shows that up to six negatively charged diacylglycerides bind more favorably than zwitterionic lipids. Similar experiments confirm binding of cardiolipins and show that prior binding of the immunosuppressant and antifungal antibiotic cyclosporin A enhances subsequent binding of cardiolipin. Ion mobility MS reveals that P-gp exists in an equilibrium between different states, readily interconverted by ligand binding. Overall these MS results show how concerted small molecule binding leads to synergistic effects on binding affinities and conformations of a multidrug efflux pump.