Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring the complexities of the practicum : case studies of two school advisors

This study investigates how school advisors, in a secondary-school science context, conceive of and enact their roles in working with student teachers. It describes the interactions between school advisors and student teachers in relation to their personal conceptions of teaching, learning, and the process of learning to teach. The study provides a better understanding of the practicum setting with particular attention to the school advisor's perspective. Detail-rich cases highlight a range of issues for school advisors as they enact their responsibilities in attending to the student teachers' learning. These cases poignantly depict the complexities of the school advisor/student teacher dynamic and the various tensions that arise when conflicts emerge as the practicum unfolds. There are three questions that guide this study: (1) How do teachers perceive their roles as school advisors? ; (2) How do teachers enact their roles as school advisors, and what are the foci of the school advisors' work with student teachers? ; and (3) How do student teachers perceive the role of the school advisors? The practicum is a context in which one person assists the other in learning (to teach) and for this reason the conceptual framework used for data analysis is a curriculum perspective. Two levels of curriculum are discussed; level one of the curriculum framework is meeting the needs of the students while level two is meeting the needs of the student teacher. Both levels must be attended to throughout the teaching practicum. Five thematic areas were identified: (a) the student teachers' learning, (b) the working relationship, (c) experiences outside of the classroom, (d) lesson planning, and (e) classroom management. This study makes a significant contribution to the research literature on teacher education. First, it focuses upon the school advisor's role within the practicum. Second, one
Effects of Luminance and Contrast on Direction of Ambiguous Apparent Motion

A study is reported of the role of luminance and contrast in resolving ambiguous apparent motion (AM). Different results were obtained for the short-range (SR) and the long-range (LR) motion-detecting processes. For short-range jumps (7.5 min arc), the direction of ambiguous AM depended on brightness polarity, with AM only from white to white and from black to black. But for larger jumps, or when an interstimulus interval (ISI) was introduced, AM was less dependent on polarity, with white often jumping to black and black jumping to white. Two potential AMs were pitted against each other, one carried by a light stimulus and the other by a dark stimulus. The stimulus whose luminance differed most from the uniform surround captured the AM. Visual response to luminance was linear, not logarithmic. When the stimulus was modified to give continuous AM in one direction it was followed by a negative aftereffect of motion only when the spatial displacement was 1 min arc. A larger displacement (10 min arc) gave good AM but no motion aftereffect. Thus only short-range motion adapts motion-sensitive channels.
Health consequences of workplace bullying: experiences from the perspective of employees in the public service sector

The aim of the study was to explore the perceived health consequences of workplace bullying. Open interviews were conducted with 22 informants; 20 bully victims and two persons working with bullying prevention. Data was assessed and analysed simultaneously in line with grounded theory methodology. A conceptual model was grounded in data, describing experiences of deteriorating psychological and physical health following bullying and efforts of returning to a “normal” life. The core category, “remaining marked for life”, illuminates the manner in which bullying was perceived as a psychic trauma or a traumatic life event causing the bullied person to be marked forever. The model includes five additional categories: “feeling guilt, shame and diminishing self-esteem”, “developing symptoms and reactions”, “getting limited space of action”, “working through the course of events” and “trying to obtain redress”. Bullying included the spreading of rumours and repeated insults aimed at changing the image of the victim and resulting in feelings of guilt, shame and diminishing self-esteem. Physical and psychosomatic symptoms gradually emerge and medical treatment and sick listing follow. The longer the bullying continues, the more limited the possibility to change the situation and the victim has a more limited space of action. Returning to a “normal” life was possible, but presupposed that the victim had worked through of the course of events. The bullied person also tried to obtain redress, such as through monetary compensation or professional confirmation. Despite this, bullying left an internal scar: the bully victim was marked for life.
E-Government Controls in Service-Oriented Auditing Perspective: Beyond Single Window

Whereas e-government used to be focused mainly on digitalizing documents, the attention is currently shifting to the question how the main governmental functions service, care and control can be realized in the best way in an information age. In this respect, e-customs is a case in point. Worldwide Customs is transforming from the labor intensive paper work it used to be for ages to â€œe-customs,â€ where international trade is facilitated by fully exploiting the current global digital infrastructure. As a consequence, a shift in the distribution of responsibilities can be observed (so-called horizontal supervision). The authors show how this shift can be leveraged by further technical developments grouped under the label of Service-Oriented Auditing (innovative auditing services based on the Service-Oriented Architecture). A particular challenge is coordination. There is a need for better coordination of the numerous governmental and supply chain controls. They explore different coordination mechanisms to support this development.
Automatic Extraction of the Anterior Chamber Contour in OCT images

Building an anterior virtual model based on anterior OCT images plays an important role in angle-closure glaucoma pathology, clinic and treatment. According to special features of anterior OCT images and the structure of the anterior, a series of methods are proposed to implement automatic extraction of the anterior chamber contour in OCT images. These methods were applied to anterior OCT image sequences, and the results proved that different eye tissues could be segmented from the foreground image and the anterior chamber contour could be well extracted.
Security of generalized signature scheme based on discrete logarithms and factorization

In 2005, Pon et al. proposed a generalized signature scheme based on the intractability of solving two well-known cryptographic assumptions, the factorization (FAC) and the discrete logarithm problem (DLP). They claimed that their scheme is still secure, provided that one of these two assumptions is solved. This paper, however, will show that Pon et al.'s scheme is insecure against the universal forgery attack if the adversary can solve the DLP.
Efficient Ensemble-Based Closed-Loop Production Optimization

Summary With the advances in smart well technology, substantially higher oil recovery can be achieved by intelligently managing the operations in a closed-loop optimization framework. The closed-loop optimization consists of two parts: geological model updating and production optimization. Both of these parts require gradient information to minimize or maximize an objective function: squared data mismatch or the net present value (or other quantities depending on financial goals), respectively. Alternatively, an ensemblebased method can acquire the gradient information through the correlations provided by the ensemble. Computation of the optimal controls in this way is nearly independent of the number of control variables, reservoir simulator, and simulation solver. In this paper, we propose an ensemble-based closed-loop optimization method that combines a novel ensemble-based optimization scheme (EnOpt) with the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). EnKF has recently been found suitable for sequential data assimilation in large-scale nonlinear dynamics. It adjusts reservoir model variables to honor observations and propagates uncertainty in time. EnOpt optimizes the expectation of the net present value based on the updated reservoir models. The proposed method is fairly robust, completely adjoint-free and can be readily used with any reservoir simulator. The ensemble-based closed-loop optimization method is illustrated with a waterflood example subject to uncertain reservoir description. Results are compared with other possible reservoir operation scenarios, such as wells with no controls, reactive control, and optimization with known geology. The comparison shows that the ensemble-based closed-loop optimization is able to history match the main geological features and increase the net present value to a level comparable with the hypothetical case of optimizing based on known geology.
Could We Infer API Usage Patterns only using the Library Source Code ?

Learning to use existing or new software libraries is a difficult task for software developers, which would impede their productivity. Much existing work has provided different techniques to mine API usage patterns from client programs in order to help developers on understanding and using existing libraries. However, considering only client programs to identify API usage patterns is a strong constraint as the client programs source code is not always available or the clients themselves do not exist yet for newly released APIs. In this paper, we propose a technique for mining Non Client-based Usage Patterns (NCBUPminer). We detect API usage patterns as distinct groups of API methods that are structurally and semantically related and thus may contribute together to the implementation of a particular functionality for potential client programs. We evaluated our technique through four APIs. The obtained results are comparable to those of client-based approaches in terms of usage-patterns cohesion. Keywords-API Documentation; API Usage; Usage Pattern; Software Clustering;
Contact detection using dither in force sensorless motion control

Demand for using robots in unstructured environments has been increasing. When operating robots in unstructured environments, the robots often come into contact with objects intentionally or unintentionally. Since it is necessary to make contact with an object in order to execute complicated tasks, not only contact avoidance but also contact detection and stabilization of contact are required. This paper focuses on detecting contact during operation. A real-time force sensorless contact detection method based on applying dither and time-frequency analysis is proposed. Since the influence of dither on acceleration is attenuated when contact occurs, the proposed method judges the state of contact by monitoring the decrease in the dither frequency component of acceleration. The validity of the proposed method was shown by the improvement in contact detection performance verified through experiments.
Between separation and integration: the case of educated Bedouin women in the Negev

ABSTRACT In this qualitative paper, I have examined how women from a conservative minority group handle their encounter with the values of the majority group as they acquire academic education. This examination was undertaken in the general context of the research tradition that addresses the sociological and anthropological attributes of conservative societies when in confrontation with the processes of moderation, and is based on the acculturation model formulated by Berry. The source materials for this qualitative study are based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 Bedouin students. The fact that Bedouin women who wish to study strive to maintain traditional values, such as their manner of dress, indicates their understanding that it is necessary to create change and acquire an academic education in order to earn a suitable salary and aid their communities, while at the same time upholding the boundaries and conventions set by the community. Tradition is thus maintained, and traditional and even religious values continue to exist within the boundaries of the minority group, alongside the stretching of those boundaries and the integration of values from ‘outside’ with those ‘inside. ’
The “Ideal Type” Advisor: How Advisors Help STEM Graduate Students Find Their ‘Scientific Feet’

This paper delves into STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) Ph.D. students' relation- ships with their advisors. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, late-stage graduate students in STEM fields de- scribe characteristics of their primary advisors as well as the dynamics of their relationships with them. From these narra- tives we construct an "ideal type" advisor. Weber's notion of an ideal type is a conceptual heuristic that reflects or en- compasses essential characteristics of a phenomenon in order to generate a "pure" type that is then examined against real- ity. In this analysis we propose that an ideal type advisor offers students departmental and disciplinary moorings, career and program advice, and mentoring. As we develop this construct, we examine the consequences for students of having or not having advisors that approximate the ideal type. An emphasis on gender highlights how women's experiences differ from men's. Recommendations for advisors, departments, and graduate programs are also offered.
Ultrastructural Characterization of Genome of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus

Purified epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) virus preparations were treated with urea and sodium perchlorate. The viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) released when spread on protein monolayers according to the Kleinschmidt technique was examined by rotary shadow-casting electron microscopy. The viral RNA released by urea treatment had filaments which frequently formed three to five loop-shaped figures of varied length. In 80% of the virus particles the lengths of the viral RNA released were 2.5 to 4.5 μm. The sodium perchlorate-released viral nucleic acid also appeared linear, and about 70% had lengths of 0.1 to 2.0 μm, the longest filament measuring 5.8 μm. Evidence was obtained that EHD virus contains double-stranded RNA as its genetic material and the molecular weight of the EHD viral RNA was calculated to be 12.2 × to 106 to 15.1 × 106 daltons.
Functional Annotation of the Arabidopsis Genome Using Controlled Vocabularies1

Controlled vocabularies are increasingly used by databases to describe genes and gene products because they facilitate identification of similar genes within an organism or among different organisms. One of The Arabidopsis Information Resource's goals is to associate all Arabidopsis genes with terms developed by the Gene Ontology Consortium that describe the molecular function, biological process, and subcellular location of a gene product. We have also developed terms describing Arabidopsis anatomy and developmental stages and use these to annotate published gene expression data. As of March 2004, we used computational and manual annotation methods to make 85,666 annotations representing 26,624 unique loci. We focus on associating genes to controlled vocabulary terms based on experimental data from the literature and use The Arabidopsis Information Resource-developed PubSearch software to facilitate this process. Each annotation is tagged with a combination of evidence codes, evidence descriptions, and references that provide a robust means to assess data quality. Annotation of all Arabidopsis genes will allow quantitative comparisons between sets of genes derived from sources such as microarray experiments. The Arabidopsis annotation data will also facilitate annotation of newly sequenced plant genomes by using sequence similarity to transfer annotations to homologous genes. In addition, complete and up-to-date annotations will make unknown genes easy to identify and target for experimentation. Here, we describe the process of Arabidopsis functional annotation using a variety of data sources and illustrate several ways in which this information can be accessed and used to infer knowledge about Arabidopsis and other plant species.
Relevance determination in reinforcement learning

We propose relevance determination and minimisation schemes in reinforcement learning which are solely based on the Q-matrix and which can thus be applied during training without prior knowledge about the sys- tem dynamics. On the one hand, we judge the relevance of separate state space dimensions based on the variance in the Q-matrix. On the other hand, we perform Q-matrix reduction by means of a combination of Q- learning with neighbourhood cooperation of the state values where the neighbourhood is defined based on the Q-values itself. The effectivity of the methods is shown in a (simple though relevant) gridworld example.
Butanol extracts of Asparagus cochinchinensis fermented with Weissella cibaria inhibit iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells

Roots of Asparagus cochinchinesis have been widely used to treat fever, cough, kidney disease, breast cancer, inflammatory and brain disease, although the effects of their fermented products have not been assessed until now. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages of a butanol extract from A. cochinchinensis roots fermented with Weissella cibaria (BAW), alterations in the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction pathway and inflammatory cytokine expression were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells following pretreatment with BAW. Briefly, W. cibaria was selected from two bacterial strains for the fermentation of A. cochinchinensis roots based on its hyaluronidase inhibition and NO suppression rates. Following fermentation with W. cibaria, the level of various key components including total phenols and protodioscin were significantly enhanced in BAW. In addition, BAW exhibited high free radical scavenging activity (IC50=31.62 µg/ml) and induced a decrease of intracellular ROS production in RAW264.7 cells following DCFH-DA staining. Significant suppressions in the expression level of important members of the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase members were detected. The expressions of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were recovered in BAW pretreated RAW264.7 cells. Overall, these results suggest that BAW may suppress inflammatory responses through differential regulation of the iNOS-mediated COX-2 induction pathway and inflammatory cytokine expressions in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells.
APRENDIZAJE BASADO EN PROBLEMAS PROBLEM - BASED LEARNING

From its beginnings, in the Medicine School at McMaster University (Canada), the Problem-Based Learning appears like an innovating educative proposal, that is characterized so that the learning is student centered, promoting significant learning as well as the development of a number of important skills and abilities in the present professional surroundings. The process is developed on the basis of small work groups which go through a cooperative learning process, in order to search for a track to solve an initial complex and challenging problem, proposed by the teacher, with the objective to propitiate the self-learning of the students. The professor becomes a facilitator of the learning process. Although this educative proposal was originated and it was adopted first in the Medicine Schools of different prestigious universities, the reached achievements of the method have motivated its implementation in a great variety of institutions and careers anywhere in the world.
Video completion method for static object removal based on GLCM

Recovering and restoring the missing information after static video object removal is an active area in video processing. Reconstructions of damaged video parts are the main objectives of video completion methods. One of the main problems of most related video completion and video inpainting techniques is the processing time. They consume more time in extensive search for finding the best patch to restore areas with defects. If the affected area is wide, visual artifacts may appear. A video completion method is presented in this paper to recover static damaged area without the extensive patch search step. The proposed method uses Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and a filling method from 3 directions. The experimental results showed the good performance of the proposed method in handling the spatial and temporal consistency. Moreover, compared to existing methods, the processing time is reduced from tens of minutes to hundreds of milliseconds.
Data-driven approaches for interactive appearance editing

This thesis proposes several techniques for interactive editing of digital content and fast rendering of virtual 3D scenes. Editing of digital content such as images or 3D scenes is difficult, requires artistic talent and technical expertise. To alleviate these difficulties, we exploit data-driven approaches that use the easily accessible Internet data (e. g., images, videos, materials) to develop new tools for digital content manipulation. Our proposed techniques allow casual users to achieve high-quality editing by interactively exploring the manipulations without the need to understand the underlying physical models of appearance. First, the thesis presents a fast algorithm for realistic image synthesis of virtual 3D scenes. This serves as the core framework for a new method that allows artists to fine tune the appearance of a rendered 3D scene. Here, artists directly paint the final appearance and the system automatically solves for the material parameters that best match the desired look. Along this line, an example-based material assignment approach is proposed, where the 3D models of a virtual scene can be "materialized" simply by giving a guidance source (image/video). Next, the thesis proposes shape and color subspaces of an object that are learned from a collection of exemplar images. These subspaces can be used to constrain image manipulations to valid shapes and colors, or provide suggestions for manipulations. Finally, data-driven color manifolds which contain colors of a specific context are proposed. Such color manifolds can be used to improve color picking performance, color stylization, compression or white balancing.
Light and electron microscopic studies on the gastrointestinal tract of the suckling echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus)

The stomach of the suckling echidna is lined by a tall columnar epithelium that is bounded basally by a delicate basement membrane. Adjacent cells are held in close apposition by tight junctions near the apex and by extensive implications of the remaining lateral surfaces. The basal cell surface is smooth and without apparent specialization. The lining epithelium is characterized by an abundance of mitochondria and a relative paucity of other organelles. Scattered argentaffin cells extend between the bases of the gastric lining cells and rest upon the luminal side of the basement membrane.
In Vivo IS6110 Profile Changes in a Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain as Determined by Tracking over 14 Years

ABSTRACT Transposition and homologous recombination of IS6110 appear in Mycobacterium tuberculosis along in vivo sequential infections. These events were checked in different clones of a successful strain, M. tuberculosis Zaragoza, with the focus on a variant in which integration of a copy of IS6110 in the origin of replication (oriC) region occurred.