Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Related chromosome binding sites for zeste, suppressors of zeste and Polycomb group proteins in Drosophila and their dependence on Enhancer of zeste function.

Polycomb group genes are necessary for maintaining homeotic genes repressed in appropriate parts of the body plan. Some of these genes, e.g. Psc, Su(z)2 and E(z), are also modifiers of the zeste‐white interaction. The products of Psc and Su(z)2 were immunohistochemically detected at 80–90 sites on polytene chromosomes. The chromosomal binding sites of these two proteins were compared with those of zeste protein and two other Polycomb group proteins, Polycomb and polyhomeotic. The five proteins co‐localize at a large number of sites, suggesting that they frequently act together on target genes. In larvae carrying a temperature sensitive mutation in another Polycomb group gene, E(z), the Su(z)2 and Psc products become dissociated from chromatin at non‐permissive temperatures from most but not all sites, while the binding of the zeste protein is unaffected. The polytene chromosomes in these mutant larvae acquire a decondensed appearance, frequently losing characteristic constrictions. These results suggest that the binding of at least some Polycomb group proteins requires interactions with other members of the group and, although zeste can bind independently, its repressive effect on white involves the presence of at least some of the Polycomb group proteins.
Designing living matter. Can we do better than evolution?: Synthetic biology is sharpening its profile

Thanks to substantial improvements in the theory of metabolic fluxes and the application of 13C isotope markers in experimental flux studies, Pareto efficiency of bacterial metabolism can now be determined and direct answers to the long standing questions of optimization according to multiple criteria in nature can be given. Cells or organisms operate close to Pareto optima but the performance with respect to every single criterion is almost always improvable. Rational design and evolutionary methods are routinely used for the production of biomolecules with optimized properties. Examples are proteins for technical applications, for example in detergents, and optimally binding nucleic acid molecules called aptamers. Among the various perspectives of synthetic biology, the usage of DNA for information storage is particularly promising: In a pilot experiment, an entire book including figures and a Java script, in total more than 5 megabit, were stored on a single DNA molecule. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 18: 21–31, 2013
Arbitrarily small damping allows global output feedback tracking of a class of Euler-Lagrange systems

This paper proposes a new analysis technique called "ISS regulator approach" to show that a simple causal PD controller plus feedforward using only position measurements solves the global output feedback tracking control problem of robot manipulators with arbitrarily small damping. To this end, we first show that a causal PD regulator leads to a global input-to-state stable system with respect to a bounded input disturbance. Then, using this fact we prove that the addition of a feedforward compensation renders the overall error system uniformly globally asymptotically stable. In addition, we present a possible extension of the proposed method to other classes of Euler-Lagrange systems.
Selection for plasmid post–segregational killing depends on multiple infection: evidence for the selection of more virulent parasites through parasite–level competition

Is the virulence of parasites an outcome of optimized infection? Virulence has often been considered an inevitable consequence of parasite reproduction when the cost incurred by the parasite in reducing the fitness of its current host is offset by increased infection of new hosts. More recent models have focused on how competition occurring between parasites during co–infection might effect selection of virulence. For example, if co–infection was common, parasites with higher intrinsic growth rates might be selected, even at the expense of being optimally adapted to infect new hosts. If growth rate is positively correlated with virulence, then competition would select increased virulence. We tested these models using a plasmid–encoded virulence determinant. The virulence determinant did not contribute to the plasmid's reproduction within or between hosts. Despite this, virulent plasmids were more successful than avirulent derivatives during selection in an environment allowing within–host competition. To explain these findings we propose and test a model in which virulent parasites are selected by reducing the reproduction of competitors.
Analyzing various topic modeling approaches for Domain-Specific language model

In recent times, topic modeling approaches for adaptive language modeling have been extensively explored for Natural Language Processing applications such as machine translation, speech recognition etc. Language model is extremely fragile in adapting towards the required domain, so it needs to be channeled towards an area or a topic for producing optimal results. This paves the need to investigate various topic modeling approaches which are used to infer knowledge from a large corpora. In this paper, we mileage various topic modeling techniques which include Latent Semantic Indexing, Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Hierarchical Dirichlet Process. In this process, the baseline language model is dynamically adapted to different topics and the results are analyzed for these three topic modeling approaches.
Histological Characterization of Mast Cell Chymase in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Our previous findings demonstrated an increase in pulmonary mast cells (MCs) in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Also, literature suggests a potential role for MCs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, a comprehensive investigation of lungs from patients is still needed. We systematically investigated the presence/expression of MCs/MC chymase in the lungs of IPAH and COPD patients by (immuno)histochemistry and subsequent quantification. We found that total and perivascular chymase-positive MCs were significantly higher in IPAH patients than in donors. In addition, chymase-positive MCs were located in proximity to regions with prominent expression of big-endothelin-1 in the pulmonary vessels of IPAH patients. Total and perivascular MCs around resistant vessels were augmented and a significant majority of them were degranulated (activated) in COPD patients. While the total chymase-positive MC count tended to increase in COPD patients, the perivascular number was significantly enhanced in all vessel sizes analyzed. Surprisingly, MC and chymase-positive MC numbers positively correlated with better lung function in COPD. Our findings suggest that activated MCs, possibly by releasing chymase, may contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling in IPAH. Pulmonary MCs/chymase may have compartment-specific (vascular vs. airway) functions in COPD. Future studies should elucidate the mechanisms of MC accumulation and the role of MC chymase in pathologies of these severe lung diseases.
Immunologic analysis of a spinal cord-biopsy specimen from a patient with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-associated neurologic disease.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia and a chronic progressive neurologic disease, HTLV-I–associated myelopathy–tropical spastic paraparesis (hereafter referred to as HTLV-I–associated myelopathy). 1–5 HTVL-I is endemic in Japan, the Caribbean, Africa, and South America.5 Risk factors for infection include sexual contact, exchange of blood products, and vertical transmission from mother to child.5 HTLV-I–associated myelopathy causes progressive myelopathy with atrophy of the spinal cord.5,6 Subcortical white-matter lesions are sometimes present on magnetic resonance imaging.5–7 Cerebrospinal fluid shows pleocytosis, elevated titers of IgG, and oligoclonal bands.8–10 Autopsy results correlate with neurologic findings .
HIV among persons incarcerated in the USA: a review of evolving concepts in testing, treatment, and linkage to community care

Purpose of review People who are incarcerated have a disproportionately high risk of HIV infection. They also tend to have risk factors associated with underutilization of antiretroviral therapy (ART) such as substance abuse, mental illness, and poor access to care. In this review, we describe how incarceration is a marker of vulnerability for suboptimal HIV care, and also how criminal justice settings may be leveraged as a platform for promoting testing, linkage, and retention in HIV care for a high-risk, marginalized population. Recent findings In both prisons and jails, routine, opt-out HIV testing strategies are more appropriate for screening correctional populations than traditional, risk-based strategies. Rapid HIV testing is feasible and acceptable in busy, urban jail settings. Although ART is successfully administered in many prison settings, release to the community is strongly associated with inconsistent access to medications and other structural factors leading to loss of viral suppression. Summary Collaborations among HIV clinicians, criminal justice personnel, and public health practitioners represent an important strategy for turning the tide on the HIV epidemic. Success will depend upon scaled-up efforts to seek individuals with undiagnosed infection and bring those who are out-of-care into long-term treatment.
Consensus-based three-dimensionalmulti-UAV formation control strategy with high precision

We propose a formation control strategy for multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAV) based on second-order consensus, by introducing position and velocity coordination variables through neighbor-to-neighbor interaction to generate steering commands. A cooperative guidance algorithm and a cooperative control algorithm are proposed together to maintain a specified geometric configuration, managing the position and attitude respectively. With the whole system composed of the six-degree-of-freedom UAV model, the cooperative guidance algorithm, and the cooperative control algorithm, the formation control strategy is a closed-loop one and with full states. The cooperative guidance law is a second-order consensus algorithm, providing the desired acceleration, pitch rate, and heading rate. Longitudinal and lateral motions are jointly considered, and the cooperative control law is designed by deducing state equations. Closed-loop stability of the formation is analyzed, and a necessary and sufficient condition is provided. Measurement errors in position data are suppressed by synchronization technology to improve the control precision. In the simulation, three-dimensional formation flight demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the formation control strategy.
WPT in power quality measurement system based on digital signal processor

This paper presents possible use of floating-point signal processor for the purpose of measuring harmonics and interharmonics and for detection of transient events in real-time. WPT and its characteristics to decompose signal into components were applied as calculation method. Also various wavelet-based and IIR filters were analysed. The main reason for that was to check the time used for the decomposition process in accordance with the WPT tree for 5 decomposition levels of the measurement window according to the quality standards of electricity.
Towards an Optimal Falling Motion for a Humanoid Robot

This paper studies an optimal planning of falling motions of a human-sized humanoid robot to reduce the damage of the robot. We developed a human-sized robot HRP-2FX which has a simplified humanoid robot shape with seven d.o. f. and can emulate motions in the sagittal plane of a humanoid robot. We simulated falling motions of HRP-2FX which generated by using an optimal control method to minimize a performance index, and verified the optimality
Dégradabilité de l’azote de tourteaux gras de colza obtenus par pressage à chaud et à froid : études in sacco et in vitro

Suite a l’autorisation d’utiliser de l’huile vegetale comme carburant agricole, des eleveurs se sont equipes de presses pour extraire l’huile des graines de colza. Contrairement aux process industriels, cette methode est realisee sans chauffage. Le coproduit de cette extraction est un tourteau dit fermier ou gras car l’extraction de l’huile est incomplete. Ces tourteaux fermiers peuvent etre utilises en alimentation des ruminants comme source proteique ; leur valorisation necessite la connaissance de la degradabilite ruminale de l'azote (DTN). L'objectif de cette etude etait de determiner cette DTN par la methode de reference in sacco, de preciser si cette DTN pouvait etre determinee in vitro par la methode de degradation enzymatique (DE1) avec les memes equations que pour les tourteaux de colza industriels, et de comparer la DTN des tourteaux fermiers a celle de tourteaux industriels expeller obtenus par cuisson et pressage. La DTN des tourteaux fermiers de colza est elevee, ce qui a comme consequence une faible valeur PDIE et est donc une limite a leur valorisation, sauf en quantite limitee sur des rations tres deficitaires en azote degradable, type ensilage de mais. Cette DTN peut etre determinee in vitro en appliquant les equations de correction proposees pour les tourteaux de colza. La DTN des tourteaux industriels expeller est beaucoup plus faible que celle des tourteaux fermiers, bien que superieure a celle des tourteaux deshuiles, et est surestimee par la methode enzymatique.
Hybrid dynamic control of a sewage sludge dewatering and incineration process

This paper deals with the automatic setting of setpoints for physically interconnected decentralized control loops in dependence upon the overall plant operating mode, denoted as high-level control. In the last two decades, a lot of effort has been spent on the development of such control concepts which are almost exclusively based on online-optimization, like Model Predictive Control (MPC). The application of these optimization based control approaches at a real plant is cost-intensive and, therefore, economically viable for large-scale processes only. However, in the process industry there is also a need for high-level control concepts for less sophisticated processes, which are characterized by a weak meshing of the decentralized control loops. This paper proposes a new hybrid dynamic controller for the automatic setpoint setting for an industrial sewage sludge dewatering and incineration process and compares its behavior with an MPC in a simulation study. The investigation shows that the hybrid controller yields good results by adapting the setpoints to different plant operation modes and, moreover, even approximates the behavior of the MPC with appropriate accuracy. This example illustrates the great potential of the proposed approach for industrial applications where cost efficiency and effortless maintenance are important.
Measurement of Empathy Among Japanese Medical Students: Psychometrics and Score Differences by Gender and Level of Medical Education

Purpose To examine psychometric properties of a Japanese translation of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE), and to study differences in empathy scores between men and women, and students in different years of medical school. Method The student version of the JSPE was translated into Japanese using back-translation procedures and administered to 400 Japanese students from all six years at the Okayama University Medical School. Item-total score correlations were calculated. Factor analysis was used to examine the underlying components of the Japanese version of the JSPE. Cronbach coefficient alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency aspect of reliability of the instrument. Finally, empathy scores for men and women were compared using t test, and score differences by year of medical school were examined using analysis of variance. Results Factor analysis confirmed the three components of “perspective taking,” “compassionate care,” and “ability to stand in patient’s shoes,” which had emerged in American and Mexican medical students. Item-total score correlations were all positive and statistically significant. Cronbach coefficient alpha was . 80. Women outscored men, and empathy scores increased as students progressed through medical school in this cross-sectional study. Conclusions Findings provide support for the construct validity and reliability of the Japanese translated version of the JSPE for medical students. Cultural characteristics and educational differences in Japanese medical schools that influence empathic behaviors are described, and implications for cross-cultural study of empathy are discussed.
Communication strategies with ON-OFF signaling for energy harvesting devices

This paper addresses energy harvesting systems, where the transmitter communicates using ON-OFF signaling i.e. in each slot it can either choose to transmit (ON) or stay silent (OFF). Two different communication models are introduced; in the first model an infinite-capacity battery is used and the system communicates on a binary-input memoryless channel, and the second model is a frame-based communication model where a random number of energy quanta is harvested in the beginning of each frame. For the slot-based communication model with an infinite-capacity battery, we have established the capacity and an optimal transmission scheme. For the frame-based communication model, we propose a transmission scheme based on reordering of energy quanta within a frame.
DNA Damage Response in Plants: Conserved and Variable Response Compared to Animals

The genome of an organism is under constant attack from endogenous and exogenous DNA damaging factors, such as reactive radicals, radiation, and genotoxins. Therefore, DNA damage response systems to sense DNA damage, arrest cell cycle, repair DNA lesions, and/or induce programmed cell death are crucial for maintenance of genomic integrity and survival of the organism. Genome sequences revealed that, although plants possess many of the DNA damage response factors that are present in the animal systems, they are missing some of the important regulators, such as the p53 tumor suppressor. These observations suggest differences in the DNA damage response mechanisms between plants and animals. In this review the DNA damage responses in plants and animals are compared and contrasted. In addition, the function of SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1 (SOG1), a plant-specific transcription factor that governs the robust response to DNA damage, is discussed.
Resolving the complex role of enzyme conformational dynamics in catalytic function

Despite growing evidence suggesting the importance of enzyme conformational dynamics (ECD) in catalysis, a consensus on how precisely ECD influences the chemical step and reaction rates is yet to be reached. Here, we characterize ECD in Cyclophilin A, a well-studied peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, using normal and accelerated, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Kinetics and free energy landscape of the isomerization reaction in solution and enzyme are explored in unconstrained simulations by allowing significantly lower torsional barriers, but in no way compromising the atomistic description of the system or the explicit solvent. We reveal that the reaction dynamics is intricately coupled to enzymatic motions that span multiple timescales and the enzyme modes are selected based on the energy barrier of the chemical step. We show that Kramers’ rate theory can be used to present a clear rationale of how ECD affects the reaction dynamics and catalytic rates. The effects of ECD can be incorporated into the effective diffusion coefficient, which we estimate to be about ten times slower in enzyme than in solution. ECD thereby alters the preexponential factor, effectively impeding the rate enhancement. From our analyses, the trend observed for lower torsional barriers can be extrapolated to actual isomerization barriers, allowing successful prediction of the speedup in rates in the presence of CypA, which is in notable agreement with experimental estimates. Our results further reaffirm transition state stabilization as the main effect in enhancing chemical rates and provide a unified view of ECD’s role in catalysis from an atomistic perspective.
Riemannian Means as Solutions of Variational Problems

We formulate a variational problem on a Riemannian manifold M whose solutions are piecewise smooth geodesics that best fit a given data set of time labelled points in M . By a limiting process, these solutions converge to a single point in M , that we prove to be the Riemannian mean of the given points for some particular Riemannian manifolds such as Euclidean spaces, connected and compact Lie groups and spheres.
Bildung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung. Gutachten zum Programm

"Bei der Bildung fur eine nachhaltige Entwicklung (NE) handelt es sich einerseits um ein padagogisches Handlungskonzept, das in Folge der Rio-Konferenz von 1992 . erforderlich wird, um in den Schnittpunkten von Okologie, Okonomie und Sozialem einen zukunftsfahigen Wandel herbeizufuhren. Andererseits beruhrt . [sie] auch andere Bereiche wie entwicklungspolitische Bildung, Verkehrs- und Gesundheitserziehung sowie den gesamten Bereich der Offnung von Schule. Entsprechend verbindet das Forderprogramm das systematische Wissen uber den Komplex NE und dessen Ethos mit Innovationstrends in der schulischen Bildung und den Aussagen aus den Wissenschafts- und Bildungsdelphis des BMB+F von 1998. Das Gutachten bietet Konkretisierungen fur die Durchfuhrung des Forderprogramms in inhaltlicher, methodischer und organisatorischer Sicht". Es ist wie folgt aufgebaut: 1) Globale Entwicklungen als Ausgangspunkt der Expertise. 2) Voraussetzungen und Vorgaben fur ein innovatives Programm Bildung fur NE. 3) Das Grundkonzept des Bildungsziels "Gestaltungskompetenz fur NE". 4) Die drei Module des Forderprogramms: interdisziplinares Wissen, partizipatives Lernen, innovative Strukturen. 5) Leitlinien und Vorschlage zur Strukturierung und Durchfuhrung des Programms. (DIPF/Bi.)
Modafinil Augmentation of Atypical Antipsychotic Agents: Duplicate Publication, Self-plagiarism, Salami Publication, and Other Matters

86 Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine | Jan Feb 2016 | Vol 38 | Issue 1 3. Synthesis I; blind back-translation of the preliminary initial translated version of the AUDIT; 4. Comparison of the two back-translated versions of the instrument (B-Hindi 1 and B-Hindi 2); 5. Synthesis II; pilot testing of the prefinal version of the AUDIT in Hindi with a monolingual sample; 6. Cognitive debriefing.
Functional characterization of sex pheromone receptors in the purple stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker)

The sex pheromone communication system in moths is highly species‐specific and extremely sensitive, and pheromone receptors (PRs) are thought to be the most important factors in males. In the present study, three full‐length cDNAs encoding PRs were characterized from Sesamia inferens antennae. These three PRs were all male‐specific in expression, but their relative expression levels were very different; SinfOR29 was 17‐ to 23‐fold higher than the other two PRs. Phylogenetic and motif pattern analyses showed that these three PRs were allocated to different PR subfamilies with different motif patterns. Functional analysis using the heterologous expression system of Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that SinfOR29 specifically and sensitively responded to the major pheromone component, Z11‐16:OAc [concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50) = 3.431 × 10−7 M], while SinfOR21 responded robustly to a minor pheromone component Z11‐16:OH (EC50 = 1.087 × 10−6 M). SinfOR27, however, displayed no response to any of the three pheromone components, but, interestingly, it was sensitive to a non‐sex pheromone component Z9,E12‐14:OAc (EC50 = 1.522 × 10−6 M). Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of specificity and sensitivity of the sex pheromone communication system in moths.