Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the impact of organizational and individual characteristics on forensic scientists’ job stress and satisfaction

Abstract Research on job stress and satisfaction among police and correctional officers has dramatically improved our knowledge of the experiences of criminal justice system employees. There is, however, minimal research on the experiences of individuals whose work directly informs criminal justice practice, most notably forensic scientists who collect and analyze evidence in support of criminal investigations. This study is one of the first to address the gap in our knowledge using survey responses collected from a sample of 670 forensic scientists operating in local and state laboratories in 25 states across the US. Regression models demonstrate that scientists who report higher stress were females who worked more hours, who had a poor relationship with court actors, minimal managerial support, and role ambiguities that made it difficult to do their jobs. Those with greater job satisfaction were unmarried, highly educated individuals with positive attitudes toward their work, greater managerial support, and few problems concerning their roles in the workplace.
Towards Integrated Hybrid Modelling and Simulation Platform for Building Automation Systems ; First Models for a Simple HVAC System

The aim of our research work is the development of an integrated platform for modelling and simulation of building operation systems. This platform uses hybrid automata which allows models for continuous and discrete behaviours. A model-driven hierarchical hybrid automata behaving in a multi-agent mode is adopted to provide an efficient and coherent modelling, it also facilitates system integration. The paper introduces the modelling framework and provides the first results for modelling and simulation of a simple Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system for a single room.
Induction of semantic classes from natural language text

Many applications dealing with textual information require classification of words into semantic classes (or concepts). However, manually constructing semantic classes is a tedious task. In this paper, we present an algorithm, UNICON, for UNsupervised Induction of CONcepts. Some advantages of UNICON over previous approaches include the ability to classify words with low frequency counts, the ability to cluster a large number of elements in a high-dimensional space, and the ability to classify previously unknown words into existing clusters. Furthermore, since the algorithm is unsupervised, a set of concepts may be constructed for any corpus.
A two-step selection scheme for constrained evolutionary optimization

In biology, the fitness of an organism includes both its ability to survive and its ability to reproduce. However, most selection schemes used in evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have only embraced half part of this: the matter of concern is fertility in genetic algorithms (GA) in general, and viability in evolution strategies (ES) and evolutionary programming (EP) in particular. Although selection schemes that impose selection pressure on both viability and fertility exist as a minority, they have been mainly applied to single-objective optimization, in which viability and fertility are both evaluated according to the one and only objective function value. In this paper, we described a two-step selection scheme for constrained evolutionary optimization: viability selection and fertility selection procedures are executed sequentially during the life cycle of individuals, where viability and fertility are evaluated according to penalty function and objective respectively. The experimental results on thirteen benchmark problems show that the new selection scheme is quite comparable to the other state-of-the-art schemes.
A Phased Approach to Solve the University Course Scheduling System

Scheduling is an important activity of our life. Course scheduling is a complicated task faced by every university. This paper presents a phased approach to solve the constraint satisfaction problem of scheduling the resources. Here the idea is to use a genetic algorithm which is a good solution for the NP hard problems like scheduling. The paper starts by defining the problem of scheduling the courses in Christ University, Department of computer science and defining the various complicated constraints available. Then the problem model is explained with the set of resources like professors, rooms, labs, student etc. Finally the paper describes the different phases used to get the final well defined schedule[1].
A model matching framework for the synthesis of series elastic actuator impedance control

The fundamental goal of robot impedance control is to shape a given system's behavior to match that of a predefined desired dynamic model. A variety of techniques are used throughout the literature to achieve this goal, but in practice, most robots ultimately rely on straightforward architectures akin to PD control that have intuitive physical interpretations convenient for the control designer. This is particularly true of systems employing series elastic actuators (SEAs) in spite of the potential that more complex controllers have for improving impedance rendering in devices with higher order dynamics. The model matching framework presented here leverages H∞ control approaches, that are yet to gain widespread use in the robotics community, to significantly simplify the impedance control design task. This framework provides a novel means by which to synthesize a dynamic feedback controller for an SEA that accommodates a wide range of desired impedances and available feedback. The ease of employing this synthesis approach and its potential benefits for SEA control are discussed in light of the limitations of other existing techniques. This discussion, and the insight gained from a series of simulations comparing impedance controllers designed using established passivity-based techniques to controllers born out of our model matching framework, lay the foundation for further adoption of H∞ synthesis in SEA control.
Distributed selective dissemination of information

To help users cope with information overload, selective dissemination of information (SDI) will increasingly become an important tool in wide area information systems. In an SDI service, users post their long term queries, called profiles, at some SDI servers and continuously receive new, filtered documents. To scale up with the volume of information and the size of user population, we need a distributed SDI service with multiple servers. In this paper we first address the key problem of how to replicate and distribute profiles and documents among SDI servers. We draw a parallel between distributed SDT and the well-studied replica control problem, adapt quorum-based protocols for use in distributed SDI, and compare the performances of the different protocols. Next we address another important problem, that of efficient document delivery mechanisms. We present and evaluate a practical scheme, called profile grouping, which exploits the geographical locality of users to cut down network traffic generated by document delivery, Finally, we carry out a sensitivity analysis to determine the parameters that have critical impact on performance, and investigate strategies to cope with the scaling up of those parameters. <<ETX>>
Effect of adults' self-regulation of diabetes on quality-of-life outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships among cognitive representations of diabetes, diabetes-specific health behaviors, and quality of life using Leventhal and Diefenbach's self-regulation model of illness (Leventhal H, Diefenbach M: The active side of illness cognition. In Mental Representation in Health and Illness. SkeltonJA, Croyle RT, Eds. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1991, p. 247-272). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This research involved secondary analysis of a mailed survey completed by 296 adults (ages 20-90 years). Structural equation modeling was conducted to investigate relationships among cognitive representations, diabetes-specific health behaviors, and quality of life. Model differences by diabetes type were also investigated. RESULTS Findings indicated that certain cognitive representation constructs were related to increased diabetes-specific health behaviors, decreased sense of burden, and positive quality-of-life outcomes. Individuals levels of understanding of diabetes and their perceptions of control over diabetes were the most significant predictors of outcomes. However, diabetes-specific health behaviors were related to an increased sense of burden that was negatively associated with quality of life. Multigroup analyses indicated that this self-regulatory model provided a good fit for individuals with type 1 diabetes, those with type 2 diabetes who take insulin, and those with type 2 diabetes who do not take insulin. CONCLUSIONS These findings advance what is known about cognitive representations of illness and the self-regulation of diabetes as well as the relationships between cognitive representations of illness, quality of life, and behavioral factors. In particular, results from this study suggest the need for further study to address ways of reducing the burden of diabetes associated with health behaviors and decreased quality of life.
A digital dynamic write margin sensor for low power read/write operations in 28nm SRAM

The conventional guard band design approach increases the SRAM Wordline (WL) pulse duration to operate successfully in all the process, voltage and temperature (PVT) corners. This can significantly increase the dynamic energy. This work presents a digital circuit that is able to track and control the WL pulse duration of the SRAM memory across PVT variations, to minimize the dynamic energy while maintaining robust operations. The circuit is applied on a 78kbit SRAM. The results are compared to the worst case margin approach and show a maximum write energy savings of 45% and 49% relative to margining voltage/temperature (VT) and process variations, respectively.
Enhancer Runaway and the Evolution of Diploid Gene Expression

Evidence is mounting that the evolution of gene expression plays a major role in adaptation and speciation. Understanding the evolution of gene regulatory regions is indeed an essential step in linking genotypes and phenotypes and in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying evolutionary change. The common view is that expression traits (protein folding, expression timing, tissue localization and concentration) are under natural selection at the individual level. Here, we use a theoretical approach to show that, in addition, in diploid organisms, enhancer strength (i.e., the ability of enhancers to activate transcription) may increase in a runaway process due to competition for expression between homologous enhancer alleles. These alleles may be viewed as self-promoting genetic elements, as they spread without conferring a benefit at the individual level. They gain a selective advantage by getting associated to better genetic backgrounds: deleterious mutations are more efficiently purged when linked to stronger enhancers. This process, which has been entirely overlooked so far, may help understand the observed overrepresentation of cis-acting regulatory changes in between-species phenotypic differences, and sheds a new light on investigating the contribution of gene expression evolution to adaptation.
Blind source separation based on cyclic spectra: Application to biomechanical signals

This paper introduces new frequency domain approaches for either blind source separation or MIMO system identification excited by cyclostationary inputs. The eigenvalue decomposition, the singular value decomposition, the diagonalization of a positive definite linear combination or the joint diagonalization, of the spectral correlation density matrices of the whitened measurements allows the identification of the mixing system at each frequency up to constant diagonal and frequency dependent permutation and phase ambiguity matrices. Two efficient algorithms to fix the permutation problem and to remove the phase ambiguity based on cyclostationarity are also presented. The new approaches exploit the fact that the inputs are cyclostationary with the same cyclic frequency. Simulation examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of this approaches. Furthermore, the AJD approach is applied to biomechanical signals for separation ends.
Long-term increase in nitrogen supply alters above- and below-ground ectomycorrhizal communities and increases the dominance of Russula spp. in a temperate oak savanna.

• Here we examine the effects of increased nitrogen (N) supply on the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of a temperate oak savanna. • In a 16-yr N-addition experiment in which replicate 1000 m2 plots received 0, 5.4 or 17 g N m-2 yr-1 , ectomycorrhizal sporocarp production was measured in the 14th, 15th and 16th year of fertilization. Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) colonizing roots were examined by morphotyping-PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis in the 14th and 15th year of fertilization. • Total sporocarp richness was reduced by > 50% in both fertilization treatments in all 3 yrs, whereas Russula spp. produced approx. five times more sporocarps with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 . Below-ground, treatment-scale species richness and species area curves were lower with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 but richness, diversity indices and evenness at smaller spatial scales were not. Dominant fungi colonizing roots included Cenococcum geophilum, common in all treatments, Cortinarius spp. , dominant in unfertilized plots, and Russula spp. , dominant with 17 g N m-2 yr-1 . • Communities of EMF in this temperate deciduous ecosystem responded to N addition similarly to those of coniferous ecosystems in that increased N supply altered EMF diversity and community composition but differently in that dominance of Russula spp. increased.
A single-actuator prosthetic hand using a continuum differential mechanism

Substantial progresses have been made in building versatile anthropomorphic prosthetic hands in the past two decades using emerging technologies. However the trade-offs between functionality, reliability, affordability, appearance, etc. have not been fully settled. Many existing designs, particularly the commercial prosthetic hands, are underactuated and they can realize various grasps through compliant structures or differential mechanisms. This paper presents the design of an underactuated prosthetic hand with one actuator using a continuum differential mechanism. Structure of the continuum differential mechanism is simple enough to allow all the components, including a battery pack, to be packed into the palm. The design concept, component descriptions, and hand constructions are elaborated. Experimental verifications are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed design.
The Dynamic Surface Tension of Water

The surface tension of water is an important parameter for many biological or industrial processes, and roughly a factor of 3 higher than that of nonpolar liquids such as oils, which is usually attributed to hydrogen bonding and dipolar interactions. Here we show by studying the formation of water drops that the surface tension of a freshly created water surface is even higher (∼90 mN m–1) than under equilibrium conditions (∼72 mN m–1) with a relaxation process occurring on a long time scale (∼1 ms). Dynamic adsorption effects of protons or hydroxides may be at the origin of this dynamic surface tension. However, changing the pH does not significantly change the dynamic surface tension. It also seems unlikely that hydrogen bonding or dipole orientation effects play any role at the relatively long time scale probed in the experiments.
Labeled Faces in the Wild : Updates and New Reporting Procedures

—The Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW) database has spurred signiﬁcant research in the problem of unconstrained face veriﬁcation and other related problems. While careful usage guidelines were established in the original technical report describing the database, certain unforeseen issues have arisen. One of the major issues is how to make fair comparisons among algorithms that use additional “outside data”, i.e., data that is not part of LFW, for training. Another issue is the need for a clear deﬁnition of the “unsupervised paradigm” and the proper protocols for producing results under this paradigm. This technical report discusses these issues in detail and provides a new description of how we curate results and how we group algorithms together based on the details of the training data that they use. We encourage any authors who intend to publish their results on LFW to read both the original technical report and this one carefully.
Persistently exciting tube MPC

This paper presents a new approach to deal with the dual problem of system identification and regulation. The main feature consists in breaking the control input to the system into a regulator part and a persistently exciting part. The former is used to regulate the plant using a robust MPC formulation, in which the latter is treated as a bounded additive disturbance. The identification process is executed by a simple recursive least squares algorithm. In order to guarantee sufficient excitation for the identification, an additional non-convex constraint is enforced over the persistently exciting part.
Modulation of complex multitask performance by tDCS depends on individual differences in baseline task ability

The ability to multitask is central to many important occupations. Individual differences in multitasking ability have been linked with differential activation within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), but causal evidence is lacking. In this study we applied transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the PFC during performance of the dual-task videogame Warship Commander (WSC). For low performers- cathodal stimulation, regardless of hemisphere, decreased performance in a subtask of WSC during stimulation, with effects persisting 24hours later. Anodal stimulation to right PFC also decreased performance in the same subtask, but this effect was limited to performance during stimulation. Stimulation did not significantly affect performance for high performers. The results of this study are the first to provide causal evidence for differential recruitment of the PFC for low and high performers. These findings indicate the need for assessment of individual differences in development of cognitive interventions and training protocols.
Learning Organization in Global Intelligence

We propose a cooperative system of human beings and computers, called Global Intelligence (GI). Human workers in GI are supported by a computer system called GIANT (GI Associating NeTwork), which consists of an inference mecb~nlgm by using a dynamically transforming network, and has a learning mechanism by adjusting a weight on each link in the network. After showing their structures and experiments, we point out that we can construct an interesting model of intelligence not only by analyzing a Society of Mind, but also by synthesizing Mind of a Society. For an experiment, the authors’ group constructed a filtering system for Internet news, which learns users’ interest automatically, and a WWW meta-search engine, which determines an appropriate search engine for a query. They are experimented with real data from several subjects, coBflrmi-g that they perform social filtering and personal filtering at the same time. We then propose a technique that hierarchically traces a reference history of a directory-type retrieval system, to collect socially general evaluation and evaluation of others who have the similar preference. The author implemented this technique as an information recommendation system, and verified that it recommends effectively based on less feedback.
Petri Net Based Reconfigurable Wireless Sensor Networks for Intelligent Monitoring Systems

This paper presents a decentralized Petri net (PN) based wireless sensor node architecture (PN-WSNA) to construct a flexible and reconfigurable WSN for intelligent monitoring systems. PN is a graphic based discrete event dynamic system (DEDS) modeling approach, and it is advantageous for modeling the system with concurrent and asynchronous systems. Therefore, the PN is usually used to construct agent based intelligent monitoring systems. The PN-WSNA system consists of a PN-WSNA kernel program and a PN-WSNA management program. The PN-WSNA kernel program is developed as an agent that is installed in the sensor node, and it is responsible of receiving and decoding PN models, collecting sensor data from analog and digital channels, intercommunication between sensor nodes, PN model inference and decision. On the other hand, the PN-WSNA management program is executed on a remote host computer, and it is responsible of distance sensor node managements via routing tables. More specially, a user interface is provided for system managers to edit PN models in a graphic manner, and the PN models can be delivered to the corresponding sensor node online without physical visits. Therefore, the proposed PN-WSNA system not only performs a reconfigurable WSN architecture, but also provides an easy graphical PN edit environment for constructing intelligent agents. Such a system can be applied to the factory automation, intelligent diagnosis, climate monitoring, etc. Finally, a simple prototype system is constructed using the Zigbee BAT mote modules to verify the proposed PN-WSNA system.
Electron scattering from H 2 O : Elastic scattering

Differential cross sections for elastic electron scattering from gaseous water are reported. The measurements are obtained using the relative flow method with He as the standard gas and a thin collimating aperture source of gas instead of a conventional needle source. Differential cross sections were measured at incident energies of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, and $100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ for scattering angles ranging from 5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} to 130\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and integrated over angles to obtain integral cross sections. Corresponding calculations of the differential cross section are carried out using the Schwinger multichannel method, employing extensive basis sets and considering polarization and dipole-scattering effects. Whereas excellent qualitative agreement with past measurements of differential cross sections is observed, our measurements are found to be consistently in significant quantitative disagreement with these measurements. The present calculations, on the other hand, generally agree in magnitude with previous results.
Editable polycube map for GPU-based subdivision surfaces

In this paper we propose an editable polycube mapping method that, given an arbitrary high-resolution polygonal mesh and a simple polycube representation plus optional sketched features indicating relevant correspondences between the two, provides a uniform, regular and artist-controllable quads-only mesh with a parameterized subdivision scheme. The method introduces a global parameterization, based on a divide and conquer strategy, which allows to create polycube-maps with a much smaller number of patches, and gives much more control over the quality of the induced subdivision surface. All this makes it practical for real-time rendering on modern hardware (e.g. OGL 4.1 and D3D11 tessellation hardware). By sketching these correspondence features, processing large-scale models with complex geometry and topology is now feasible. This is crucial for obtaining watertight displaced Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces and high-quality texturing on real-time applications.