Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Curing and caring competences in the skills training of physiotherapy students

Abstract This article explores the significance of curing and caring competences in physiotherapy education, as well as how curing and caring competences intersect within the professional training of physiotherapy students. The empirical data include participant observations and interviews with students attending skills training in the first year of a bachelor’s degree program in Norway. Curing and caring are conceptualized as gender-coded competences. That is, curing and caring are viewed as historical and cultural constructions of masculinities and femininities within the physiotherapy profession, as well as performative actions. The findings illuminate the complexity of curing and caring competences in the skills training of physiotherapy students. Curing and caring are both binary and intertwined competences; however, whereas binary competences are mostly concerned with contextual frames, intertwined competences are mostly concerned with performative aspects. The findings also point to how female and male students attend to curing and caring competences in similar ways; thus, the possibilities of transcending traditional gender norms turn out to be significant in this context. The findings suggest that, although curing somehow remains hegemonic to caring, the future generation of physiotherapists seemingly will be able to use their skills for both caring and curing.
Diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome distinguishable by 16S rRNA gene phylotype quantification.

AIM To study whether selected bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene phylotypes are capable of distinguishing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS The faecal microbiota of twenty volunteers with IBS, subdivided into eight diarrhoea-predominant (IBS-D), eight constipation-predominant (IBS-C) and four mixed symptom-subtype (IBS-M) IBS patients, and fifteen control subjects, were analysed at three time-points with a set of fourteen quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. All assays targeted 16S rRNA gene phylotypes putatively associated with IBS, based on 16S rRNA gene library sequence analysis. The target phylotypes were affiliated with Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Eight of the target phylotypes had less than 95% similarity to cultured bacterial species according to their 16S rRNA gene sequence. The data analyses were made with repeated-measures ANCOVA-type modelling of the data and principle component analysis (PCA) with linear mixed-effects models applied to the principal component scores. RESULTS Bacterial phylotypes Clostridium cocleatum 88%, Clostridium thermosuccinogenes 85%, Coprobacillus catenaformis 91%, Ruminococcus bromii-like, Ruminococcus torques 91%, and R. torques 93% were detected from all samples analysed. A multivariate analysis of the relative quantities of all 14 bacterial 16S rRNA gene phylotypes suggested that the intestinal microbiota of the IBS-D patients differed from other sample groups. The PCA on the first principal component (PC1), explaining 30.36% of the observed variation in the IBS-D patient group, was significantly altered from all other sample groups (IBS-D vs control, P = 0.01; IBS-D vs IBS-M, P = 0.00; IBS-D vs IBS-C, P = 0.05). Significant differences were also observed in the levels of distinct phylotypes using relative values in proportion to the total amount of bacteria. A phylotype with 85% similarity to C. thermosuccinogenes was quantified in significantly different quantities among the IBS-D and control subjects (-4.08 +/- 0.90 vs -3.33 +/- 1.16, P = 0.04) and IBS-D and IBS-M subjects (-4.08 +/- 0.90 vs -3.08 +/- 1.38, P = 0.05). Furthermore, a phylotype with 94% similarity to R. torques was more prevalent in IBS-D patients' intestinal microbiota than in that of control subjects (-2.43 +/- 1.49 vs -4.02 +/- 1.63, P = 0.01). A phylotype with 93% similarity to R. torques was associated with control samples when compared with IBS-M (-2.41 +/- 0.53 vs -2.92 +/- 0.56, P = 0.00). Additionally, a R. bromii-like phylotype was associated with IBS-C patients in comparison to control subjects (-1.61 +/- 1.83 vs -3.69 +/- 2.42, P = 0.01). All of the above mentioned phylotype specific alterations were independent of the effect of time. CONCLUSION Significant phylotype level alterations in the intestinal microbiotas of IBS patients were observed, further emphasizing the possible contribution of the gastrointestinal microbiota in IBS.
Integrated Compact Modelling of a Planar-Gate Non-Punch-Through 3.3kV-1200A IGBT Module for Insightful Analysis and Realistic Interpretation of the Failure Mechanisms

This paper proposes the comprehensive electrothermal model development of a multi-chip IGBT power assembly. Intended particularly for reliability investigations, it is based on a mixed physical and behavioral description approach and includes all basic and secondary electro-thermal effects, enabling accurate and insightful simulations. Examples taken from a traction inverter application scenario demonstrate the validity and the usefulness of the proposed solution.
The knowledge economy in European regions: a strategic goal for competitiveness

The expert contributors illustrate that sources of regional competitiveness are strongly linked with spatially observable yet increasingly flexible realities, and include building advanced and efficient transport, communications and energy networks, changing urban and rural landscapes, and creating strategic and forward-looking competitiveness policies. They investigate long-term interactions between regional competitiveness and urban mobility, as well as the connections that link global sustainability with local technological and institutional innovations, and the intrinsic diversity of spatially rooted innovation processes. A prospective analysis on networks and innovation infrastructure is presented, global environmental issues such as climate change and energy are explored, and new policy perspectives – relevant world-wide – are prescribed.
Domain Swapping to Assess the Mechanistic Basis of Arabidopsis Phototropin 1 Receptor Kinase Activation and Endocytosis by Blue Light[C][W][OA]

Phototropins (phot1 and phot2) are plasma membrane–associated receptor kinases that respond specifically to blue and UV wavelengths. In addition to a C-terminal Ser/Thr kinase domain, phototropins contain two N-terminal chromophore binding LOV domains that function as photoswitches to regulate a wide range of enzymatic activities in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Through domain swapping, we show that the photochemical properties of Arabidopsis thaliana phot1 rely on interactions between LOV1 and LOV2, which are facilitated by their intervening linker sequence. Functional analysis of domain-swap proteins supports a mechanism whereby LOV2 acts as a dark-state repressor of phot1 activity both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we find a photoactive role for LOV1 in arresting chloroplast accumulation at high light intensities. Unlike LOV2, LOV1 cannot operate as a dark-state repressor, resulting in constitutive receptor autophosphorylation and accelerated internalization from the plasma membrane. Coexpression of active and inactive forms of phot1 demonstrates that autophosphorylation can occur intermolecularly, independent of LOV1, via light-dependent receptor dimerization in vivo. Indeed, transphosphorylation is sufficient to promote phot1 internalization through a clathrin-dependent endocytic pathway triggered primarily by phosphorylation of Ser-851 within the kinase activation loop. The mechanistic implications of these findings in regard to light-driven receptor activation and trafficking are discussed.
Retrospective comparison of the original and revised McDonald criteria in a general neurology practice in Ireland

Background The McDonald criteria were introduced in 2001 as guidelines to facilitate early and accurate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). They were revised in 2005. Although validated in a number of research-focused clinical centres, their adequacy and utility in the general neurology setting is less certain. Objective In this study, we assessed new diagnoses of MS in our practice for compliance with both the original and the revised criteria. Methods We retrospectively identified new diagnoses of MS from 2001. Clinical notes and imaging were evaluated for compliance with McDonald criteria. Results Sixty-two patients were included: 53 with `practice-definite' and nine with `practice-possible' diagnoses of MS. At the time of diagnosis, 47% of the `practice-definite' group fulfilled the 2001 criteria and 49% the revised criteria. Among patients not satisfying the criteria at time of diagnosis, 21% went on to fulfil the McDonald criteria over the 23-month follow-up. Conclusions There is a considerable gap between the clinical diagnosis of MS in a general neurology setting and compliance with the McDonald criteria. Failure to perform follow-up MRI on patients with clinically isolated syndromes is a sizeable factor in this diagnostic-gap and needs to be improved. In this setting, practical differences between the original and revised criteria appear to be small.
The intersection of gender and race/ethnicity in smoking behaviors among menthol and non-menthol smokers in the United States.

AIMS To determine whether menthol is related to initiation, quantity or quitting, we examined differences in smoking behaviors among menthol and non-menthol smokers, stratified by gender and race/ethnicity, and adjusting for age, income and educational attainment. DESIGN Cross-sectional, using data from the 2005 National Health Interview Survey and Cancer Control Supplement. SETTING United States. PARTICIPANTS Black, Hispanic and white women and men aged 25-64 years. MEASUREMENTS For each group, we examined (i) proportion of menthol smokers (comparing current and former smokers); (ii) age of initiation, cigarettes smoked per day and quit attempt in the past year (comparing menthol and non-menthol current smokers); and (iii) time since quitting (comparing menthol and non-menthol former smokers). We calculated predicted values for each demographic group, adjusting for age, income and educational attainment. FINDINGS After adjusting for age, income and education, black (compared with Hispanic and white) and female (compared with male) smokers were more likely to choose menthol cigarettes. There was only one statistically significant difference in age of initiation, cigarettes smoked per day, quit attempts or time since quitting between menthol and non-menthol smokers: white women who smoked menthol cigarettes reported longer cessation compared with those who smoked non-menthol cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS The results do not support the hypothesis that menthol smokers initiate earlier, smoke more or have a harder time quitting compared with non-menthol smokers. A menthol additive and the marketing of it, given the clear demographic preferences demonstrated here, however, may be responsible for enticing the groups least likely to smoke into this addictive behavior.
AC++ Data Model Supporting Reachability Analysis and Dead Code Detection

A software repository provides a central information source for understanding and reengineering code in a software project. Complex reverse engineering tools can be built by analyzing information stored in the repository without reparsing the original source code. The most critical design aspect of a repository is its data model, which directly affects how effectively the repository supports various analysis tasks. This paper focuses on the design rationales behind a data model for a C++ software repository that supports reachability analysis and dead code detection at the declaration level. These two tasks are frequently needed in large software projects to help remove excess software baggage, select regression tests and support software reuse studies. The language complexity introduced by class inheritance, friendship, and template instantiation in C++ requires a carefully designed model to catch all necessary dependencies for correct reachability analysis. We examine the major design decisions and their consequences in our model and illustrate how future software repositories can be evaluated for completeness at a selected abstraction level. Examples are given to illustrate how our model also supports variants of reachability analysis: impact analysis, class visibility analysis, and dead code detection. Finally, we discuss the implementation and experience of our analysis tools on a few C++ software projects.
Can Economists Forecast Exchange Rates? The Debate Re‐Visited: The Case of the USD/GBP Market

type="main"> In the debate on forecasting exchange rates, critics claimed that traditional macroeconomic models could not outperform a random walk in post-sample forecasts. Perceived deficiencies include inadequate allowance for simultaneity, and expectations hypotheses inconsistent with the structure of models employed. This paper re-visits the debate, first to address critics' major concerns, and second because in the view of the present authors, the debate closed on an unduly pessimistic note. This paper develops a simultaneous, rational expectations model of the USD/GBP market, with functional relationships for hedgers, speculators and a spot rate equation. The model is estimated with data contemporaneous to the debate, including a period during which the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission did not collect data on traders' open positions. Using the results of post-debate research on tests for stationarity with missing observations, the model, using only public information, outperforms a random walk in post-sample forecasts of the spot rate. Recent microstructure models of the exchange rate based on order flow have re-kindled the forecasting debate. The model developed here, however, is differentiated from these microstructure models, first because order flow utilises both public and private information, and second because the microstructure models do not directly address critics' concerns.
Using the gene ontology to scan multilevel gene sets for associations in genome wide association studies

Gene‐set analyses have been widely used in gene expression studies, and some of the developed methods have been extended to genome wide association studies (GWAS). Yet, complications due to linkage disequilibrium (LD) among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and variable numbers of SNPs per gene and genes per gene‐set, have plagued current approaches, often leading to ad hoc “fixes. ” To overcome some of the current limitations, we developed a general approach to scan GWAS SNP data for both gene‐level and gene‐set analyses, building on score statistics for generalized linear models, and taking advantage of the directed acyclic graph structure of the gene ontology when creating gene‐sets. However, other types of gene‐set structures can be used, such as the popular Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Our approach combines SNPs into genes, and genes into gene‐sets, but assures that positive and negative effects of genes on a trait do not cancel. To control for multiple testing of many gene‐sets, we use an efficient computational strategy that accounts for LD and provides accurate step‐down adjusted P‐values for each gene‐set. Application of our methods to two different GWAS provide guidance on the potential strengths and weaknesses of our proposed gene‐set analyses.
Leadership Behaviors Used by Principals of Large High Schools Compared to Principals of Small High Schools: A Comparative Multiple-Case Study

The purpose of this multi-case study was to examine if there may be a perceived relationship between the size of the school and the leadership behaviors of the four principals. This purpose was achieved through a qualitative inquiry of principal interviews, principal survey, observation of a principals’ leadership team meeting, focus group interview with the principals’ leadership team, and analysis of the extant texts: principals’ time log for one week, organizational chart, and agenda for a leadership team meeting. The data were reduced through two cycles of coding which then further analyzed resulting in the identification of five major themes. Finding one: All four principals appeared to have six common leadership behaviors that did not appear to be different based on the size of the school. Finding two: All four principals appeared to have six leadership behaviors that looked differently based on the size of the school. Finding three: While all four principals demonstrated their understanding of the need for “being visible with students,” “being visible with teachers,” “knowing your students,” and “knowing your staff,” they all recognized that these skills would be easier to develop and execute in a small school compared to a large school. Finding four: The additional behaviors that were present in the leadership behavior of “organizing” in the principals of large schools may have supported additional leadership behaviors in “communicating with students,” “communicating with staff,” and “developing leaders” in the principals of the large schools. Finding five: The two leadership behaviors of “seeking input” and “setting direction/limits” appeared to counter-balance each other depending on the size of the school. Synthesis of the findings suggest that while there are common leadership behaviors among these four principals, there were also differences in their leadership behaviors that indicated that there may have been a perceived relationship between the size of the school and the leadership behaviors of the four principals. The descriptions of the leadership behaviors of the four participants in this study lend credibility to the argument that leadership does not take place in a vacuum. How leadership is implemented is dependent upon many factors, including the size of the environment.
Role of Text Message Reminder on Oral Hygiene Maintenance of Orthodontic Patients.

INTRODUCTION Fixed orthodontic treatment is frequently associated with increased plaque accumulation leading to gingivitis and white spot lesions (WSLs). AIM This study evaluated the role of text message reminder on oral hygiene of orthodontic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients under fixed orthodontic treatment were randomly divided into two equal groups as control group and study (text message) group. Text message group received reminders about oral hygiene, while the control group did not receive any messages. Oral hygiene of both the groups was evaluated at baseline, 2, and 3 months using plaque indices (PIs) along with WSL status. Data were statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software, version 19, with chi-square test and t-test. RESULTS At the baseline, plaque score was higher in the study group over control group (p > 0.038), whereas it was decreased after 3 months in the test group (p > 0.001). For WSL, there was no significant difference at baseline, but it was significantly lower in study group (p > 0.003). CONCLUSION Oral hygiene status improved with text message reminder.
Egg yolk fatty acid profile in relation to dietary fatty acid concentrations.

BACKGROUND The health benefits of n-3 fatty acids have led to much research on manipulating the fatty acid composition of animal-derived foods. In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the interaction of dietary fatty acids on egg yolk fatty acid concentrations. In experiment I, 32 dietary treatments with three replicates of three birds each were fed for 35 days. Diets were prepared by mixing one type of fish oil with four vegetable oils in different proportions. In experiment II, three different types and two levels of fish oil in combination with two vegetable oils were tested under the same conditions as in experiment I. RESULTS In experiment I the results showed that the egg yolk saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acid concentration was determined by the dietary SFA, MUFA and 18:2n-6 content. The egg 18:2n-6 concentration was mainly explained by the dietary inclusion of 18:2n-6 and negatively by the dietary MUFA content. The egg C18:3n-3, C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 concentration is almost exclusively determined by their direct supply from the diet. The egg 20:4n-6 concentration was inversely proportional to the long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the diet. The results of experiment II showed that the egg yolk C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 concentration was determined by both the level of dietary fish oil (1 or 2%) and the C20:5n-3/C22:6n-3 ratio in the fish oil. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that the direct dietary supply of fatty acids is the most important factor determining the egg yolk fatty acid composition, in particular for the n-3 fatty acids. The interaction effect from other dietary fatty acids was in general small.
Primary Cardiac Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma. A Report of the First Observed Case with Molecular Diagnostics Corroboration

A case of primary alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) of the heart is reported in an 11-year-old female as 1 of 16 cases of ASPS presenting in the first 2 decades of life in our institutional 17-year review period. The classic alveolar or organoid pattern was inconspicuous as compared to a more diffuse or formless pattern consisting of a population of uniform round cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, but in addition there was a second, minor population of gigantiform tumor cells with a variety of unusual shapes. Scattered tumor cells contained dense eosinophilic condensations in the cytoplasm. Other unusual features for ASPS in our case included a lymphohistocytic reaction and zonal necrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed nuclear reactivity for TFE3, and the ASPL-TFE3 fusion transcript was identified by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The only other examples of ASPS involving the heart were 3 cases in the literature of metastatic disease from tumors arising in the soft tissues. This initial case of primary cardiac ASPS joins the list of other types of sarcomas in children that have been reported as primary neoplasms of the heart.
Effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on the incidence of invasive candida infections and bacteraemias in patients with acute leukaemia

Objectives: The efficacy of fluconazole prophylaxis to prevent invasive candida infections in patients with acute leukaemia receiving chemotherapy is not clear. Fluconazole prophylaxis might increase the number of bacteraemias and cause outbreaks of non‐albicans yeast infections. A retrospective single‐centre study was conducted to investigate the effect of fluconazole prophylaxis on the incidence and the species of invasive candida infections and on the number of bacteraemias.
Edge-Disjoint (s, t)-Paths in Undirected Planar Graphs in Linear Time

We consider the following problem. LetG=(V,E) be an undirected planar graph and lets,t? V,s? t. The problem is to find a set of pairwise edge-disjoint paths inG, each connectingswitht, of maximum cardinality. In other words, the problem is to find a maximum unit flow fromstot. The fastest algorithm in the literature has running time O(|V|log|V|). We give a linear time algorithm in this paper.