Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Zebedee 3D laser scanner sensor for preparation of Strata title plan

Strata Title Survey is a method of measurement in Cadastral Surveying. This measurement involve with buildings which has more than four floors such as industrial building, hotel and residential. The importance of Strata Title Survey is to make sure each parcel have its own lot and any maintenance and development are under control with the support of Strata Plan. The purpose of this study is to determine the measurement type of class by comparing the two types of measurement instruments ranging ZEB1 and Leica Distometer and form it into 3D data model. Regarding to the old method of gathering strata data, this study intention to improve the way of obtaining data with full of accuracy and time saves. Both of these tools have difference characteristics and advantages.
Identification of resonances in parallel connected grid inverters with LC- and LCL-filters

Modern high power grid inverters use usually LC-or LCL-filter at grid interface. Simpler L-filter does not prove sufficient harmonic attenuation without resulting in to very large and bulky filter components. Higher order filters realize better attenuation with smaller components. However, these filters introduce additional resonances to the system, which may cause instabilities without proper care. Connecting more than one inverter with individual LC- or LCL-filters in parallel will result in shifted resonances. The identification of the resonances in parallel connected LC- and LCL-filter system is essential for proper operation of the grid-connected inverter. For instance the efficiency of active damping is highly depended on the accurate knowledge of the filter resonances. In this paper the transfer functions for parallel-connected filter systems are derived and resonances analyzed. A method for resonance identification is presented.
Intimal-Medial Thickness of the Carotid Artery in Nondiabetic and NIDDM Patients: Relationship with insulin resistance

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was 1) to compare intimal-medial thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery in nondiabetic and NIDDM patients and 2) to evaluate the association of this early marker of atherosclerosis with several cardiovascular risk factors, including plasma insulin and insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 58 nondiabetic and 56 NIDDM patients, randomly selected among those attending the outpatient Diabetes Clinic or the Clinic for Internal Medicine were examined. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, glycohemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting concentrations of plasma glucose, serum lipids (total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides), and serum insulin were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed by computing glucose disappearance rate from plasma after intravenous insulin injection (Kitt). IMT of the carotid artery was measured by ultrasonography. RESULTS IMT was significantly higher in diabetic patients, and the difference remained highly significant after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, WHR, presence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking status (1.39 vs. 1.24 mm, common SD 0.12, P < 0.001). Univariate regression analyses showed that IMT was negatively correlated with Kitt in either nondiabetic (r = −0.348, P < 0.01) or diabetic patients (r = −0.492, P < 0.001). However, multiple regression analyses showed that IMT was independently associated with age and WHR in nondiabetic subjects, whereas in diabetic patients, IMT was independently predicted by Kitt and hypertension. These two variables explained ∼ 62% and ∼35% of the variability of IMT in nondiabetic and diabetic patients, respectively. Plasma insulin was not independently associated with IMT in either groups. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that 1) diabetes is characterized by a greater thickness of the carotid artery independently of other established risk factor of atherosclerosis, 2) early atherosclerosis is independently associated with insulin resistance in diabetic but not in nondiabetic patients, 3) central adiposity is an independent predictor of IMT in nondiabetic individuals.
Modelling willingness to pay responses from dichotomous choice contingent valuation surveys with zero observations

Modelling household behaviour with the data from dichotomous choice contingent valuation (DCCV) surveys is often complicated by zero willingness to pay (WTP) responses in the sample. To deal with the zero responses, a two-equation model is considered, which incorporates a two-level decision structure, a decision on whether to participate in having WTP and a decision on the WTP amount conditional on deciding to participate, and two separate stochastic processes that determine the probability and conditional level of WTP are featured. The model is empirically applied to household survey data, in which the DCCV questions concerned the benefits of air quality improvement in Korea. To put the issue of the two-equation model in perspective, this paper also experiments with economic and econometric specifications: utility theoretic restriction and heteroscedasticity. It is shown how failure to allow for the restriction distorts aggregate benefit estimates and the existence of heteroscedasticity in error term is found.
Increased PO glycoprotein gene expression in primary and transfected rat Schwann cells after treatment with axolemma‐enriched fraction

To elucidate the role of axonal plasma membrane factors in the differentiation of Schwann cells, we investigated the effect of an axolemma‐enriched fraction (AEF) isolated from myelinated CNS tissue on the expression of PO glycoprotein, the major glycoprotein in peripheral myelin, in primary rat Schwann cells (PSC) isolated from sciatic nerve, as well as in a transfected rat Schwann cell line (TSC). AEF increased PO‐mRNA levels in PSC and TSC in a concentration‐dependent manner, producing a maximal induction of nearly twofold after 48 hr of treatment. A similar induction of PO mRNA was elicited in TSC by the cAMP‐activating agents 8‐bromo‐cAMP and forskolin, which have been shown to induce myelin proteins in PSC. In addition to inducing PO mRNA, AEF and forskolin also increased the amount of PO protein in TSC, as indicated by increased PO‐immunoreactive staining. However, in TSC, axolemma caused no increase in expression of CAT linked to a PO promoter while forskolin caused a marked increase in the expression from the PO promoter. These results suggest that AEF, in contrast to forskolin, does not regulate PO‐mRNA expression at the level of transcriptional activity. These in vitro systems may be useful for the study of axolemmal factors that in‐duce Schwann cell differentiation. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Marketing Culture and Customer Retention in the Tourism Industry

During the last few years considerable attention has been focused on the essence of cultivating a culture which fosters the effective operationalisation of marketing practices in tourism firms. This issue is considered an important source of competitive advantage in the tourism industry where sophisticated marketing is still in its developmental stages. Considering the high level of interaction between a tourism firm and its customers, the significance of effective marketing activities cannot be overstated. In addition, maketing academics and managers assert that a strong marketing culture will lead to customer retention via customer satisfaction. This study is based on an empirical examination of the link between UK tourism firms’ marketing culture and customer retention. Our results reveal a moderately strong relationship between marketing culture and customer retention. Finally, implications of the findings for tourism managers and avenues for future research are discussed.
UNIONS AND INVESTMENT IN BRITISH INDUSTRY

This paper presents an empirical analysis of investment in British industry using data at the industry level and focusing on union effects. The authors find that the rate of investment is around 28 percent lower in firms that recognize unions and have an average union density relative to those in which unions are not recognized. This is the gross effect, holding wages, product prices, and productivity constant. If we take account of union effects on these as well, the overall effect is an investment reduction of 16 percent in competitive firms and 3 percent in noncompetitive firms. Copyright 1992 by Royal Economic Society.
The determinants of household debt and balance sheets in the UK

Household indebtedness has grown sharply in the UK in recent years. This paper proposes a framework for understanding this based on an optimising overlapping generations model of household behaviour. The model is calibrated to match both aggregate and disaggregated balance sheet positions as revealed in the British Household Panel Survey. The paper goes on to outline the partial equilibrium efiect on debt and balance sheets of changes in interest rates, house prices, preferences and retirement income.
In Vitro Characterization of High Purity Factor IX Concentrates for the Treatment of Hemophilia B

Summary This study employed sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis and immunoblotting to assess the purity of seven high purity factor IX concentrates: Aimafix (Aima), AlphaNine-SD (Alpha Therapeutic), Factor IX VHP (Biotransfusion), Immunine (Immuno), Mononine (Armour Pharmaceutical), Nanotiv (Kabi Pharmacia), and 9MC (Blood Products Laboratory). The mean specific activity of these products ranged from 68 U factor IX/mg (Aimafix) to 246 U factor IX/mg (Mononine). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the highest purity product, Mononine, had a single contaminating band under non-reducing conditions. Two additional bands were detected when this product was analyzed under reducing conditions. All other products had multiple contaminating bands that were more apparent under reducing than non-reducing conditions. The immunoblot for factor IX showed a dominant factor IX band for all products. In addition, visible light chain of factor IX was detected for AlphaNine-SD, Factor IX VHP, Immunine, Mononine, Nanotiv, and 9MC, suggesting that the factor IX in these products had undergone partial activation to factor IXa. Another contaminating band was visible at 49,500 for all of the products except 9MC. In addition to this band, high molecular weight contaminants were apparent for some products, most notably AlphaNine-SD. The identity of these bands is unknown. Immunoblotting failed to demonstrate factor VII as a contaminant of any of the high purity products, although factor Vila could be detected in some lots of Immunine, Nanotiv, and 9MC by a clot-based assay. Factor X contaminated Aimafix, AlphaNine-SD, Factor IX VHP, Immunine, Nanotiv, and 9MC, but activation products of factor X were not detected. Prothrombin contaminated all of the products except Mononine. Activation products of prothrombin were identified for three of four lots of Immunine and for one lot of Factor IX VHP. These results thus demonstrate that high purity factor IX concentrates differ substantially in the degree to which they are contaminated by potentially thrombogenic materials.
Relationship between 18F-FDG uptake and breast density in women with normal breast tissue.

UNLABELLED Breast density affects the mammographic detectability of breast cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of breast density on the (18)F-FDG uptake of normal breast tissue. METHODS The study population consisted of 45 women (median age, 54 y; age range, 42-77 y). All underwent whole-body (18)F-FDG PET for various indications other than breast cancer, and all underwent mammography within a mean of 6.6 +/- 4.9 mo of PET. On the basis of mammographic findings, breasts were categorized as extremely dense, heterogeneously dense, primarily fatty, or entirely fatty. Regions of interest were drawn on every PET image in which breast tissue was visualized. Average and peak standardized uptake values (SUVs) were calculated for the left and right breasts. RESULTS Mammography showed that 20 of the 45 women had heterogeneously dense breasts, 1 had extremely dense breasts, 20 had primarily fatty breasts, and 4 had entirely fatty breasts. In dense breasts, the average SUV was 0.39 +/- 0.05 (right breast) and 0.36 +/- 0.07 (left breast) and the peak SUV was 0.93 +/- 0.16 and 0.89 +/- 0.18, respectively. The average and peak SUVs were significantly lower for primarily fatty breasts than for dense breasts (P < 0.01). Peak and average SUVs of entirely fatty breasts also differed significantly from peak and average SUVs of dense and primarily fatty breasts (P < 0.01). The impact of hormonal status on SUV was significant but less than the impact of breast density. No significant relationship between average SUV or peak SUV and age or serum glucose level was observed. CONCLUSION Breast density and hormonal status affect the uptake of (18)F-FDG. Dense breasts exhibit, on average, significantly higher (18)F-FDG uptake than do nondense breasts. However, the highest peak SUV observed in dense breasts was 1.39, which is well below the SUV of 2.5 commonly used as a cutoff between benign and malignant tissue. Therefore, breast density is unlikely to affect the ability of (18)F-FDG PET to discriminate between benign and malignant breast lesions.
Phosphorylation of the DNA Polymerase -Primase B Subunit Is Dependent on Its Association with the p180 Polypeptide (*)

The B subunit of the DNA polymerase (pol) α-primase complex executes an essential role at the initial stage of DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is phosphorylated in a cell cycle-dependent manner. In this report, we show that the four subunits of the yeast DNA polymerase α-primase complex are assembled throughout the cell cycle, and physical association between newly synthesized pol α (p180) and unphosphorylated B subunit (p86) occurs very rapidly. Therefore, B subunit phosphorylation does not appear to modulate p180•p86 interaction. Conversely, by depletion experiments and by using a yeast mutant strain, which produces a low and constitutive level of the p180 polypeptide, we found that formation of the p180•p86 subcomplex is required for B subunit phosphorylation.
Information Acquisition in Financial Markets

Previous work on information and financial markets has focused on a special set of assumptions: agents have exponential utility, and random variables are normally distributed. These assumptions are often necessary to obtain closed-form solutions. We present an example with alternative assumptions, and demonstrate that some of the conclusions from previous literature fail to hold. In particular, we show that in our example, as more agents acquire information, prices do not necessarily become more informative, and agents may have greater incentive to acquire information. Learning can therefore be a strategic complement, allowing for the possibility of multiple equilibria.
Perceptions of stress at work

This article reviews previous research on the scale of perceived stress at work and describes results from the 'Bristol Stress and Health at Work' study (Smith et al, 2000a, 2000b). This study had three main aims: first, to determine the scale of perceived stress at work in a random population sample; secondly, to distinguish the effects of stress at work from those of stress in life as a whole; and, finally, to determine whether objective measures of health status and performance efficiency were related to reports of stress at work. These objectives were investigated by conducting an epidemiological survey of 17,000 randomly selected people from the Bristol electoral register, a follow-up survey 12 months later and detailed investigation of a cohort from the original sample. The results revealed that approximately 20 per cent of the sample reported very high or extremely high levels of stress at work. This effect was reliable over time, related to potentially stressful working conditions and associated with impaired physical and mental health. The effects of stress at work could not be attributed to life stress or negative affectivity. The cohort study also suggested that high levels of stress at work may influence physiology and mental performance. The prevalence rate obtained in this study suggests that five million workers in the UK may have very high levels of stress at work.
Time-Varying Integration, Interdependence and Contagion

Bekaert etÂ al. (2005) define contagion as "correlation over and above what one would expect from economic fundamentals". Based on a two-factor asset pricing specification to model fundamentally-driven linkages between markets, they define contagion as correlation among the model residuals, and develop a corresponding test procedure. In this paper, we investigate to what extent conclusions from this contagion test depend upon the specification of the time-varying factor exposures. We develop a two-factor model with global and regional market shocks as factors. We make the global and regional market exposures conditional upon both a latent regime variable and three structural instruments, and find that, for a set of 14 European countries, this model outperforms more restricted versions. The structurally-driven increase in global (regional) market exposures and correlations suggest that market integration has increased substantially over the last three decades. Using our optimal model, we do not find evidence that further integration has come at the cost of contagion. We do find evidence for contagion, however, when more restricted versions of the factor specifications are used. We conclude that the specification of the global and regional market exposures is an important issue in any test for contagion.
Bergmann glia require continuous association with purkinje cells for normal phenotype expression

Bergmann glia (Bg) respond to the early postnatal Purkinje cell (Pc) death in Lurcher (Lc) mutant mouse cerebellum by down‐regulating expression of the enzyme glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH). To determine whether glial GPDH expression requires the continued presence of Pcs in adults, we used single intracerebellar injections of kainic acid to kill Pcs in wild‐type mice from 7 weeks to 11 months old. Bg at all ages tested responded to Pc loss by down‐regulating GPDH expression. To learn whether a high level of GPDH could be reinduced following down‐regulation in Lc Bg, we grafted wild‐type fetal Pcs into Lc cerebella. The influence of grafted Pcs on GPDH expression is host‐age and implant‐position dependent. Only Pcs implanted into hosts less than 6 weeks old were later found to be associated with GPDH‐positive Bg. Grafted Pcs that migrated into the anterior folia of young hosts were more likely to be associated with GPDH‐positive Bg than Pcs migrating to other positions. EM analysis showed that Bg ensheathment of grafted Pcs is thinner and more discontinuous, but qualitatively similar to normal. The results suggest that the interaction between host Bg and grafted Pcs can sustain elevated GPDH expression in Bg that have not yet down‐regulated, but is not adequate to reinduce expression in those cells that have. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Opposing conclusions from post hoc analyses of the AFFIRM trial: was propensity score analysis to blame or just an innocent victim?

A great advantage of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over observational studies is their ability to balance both known and unknown confounders, and to remove the potential for other forms of bias. As such, large well-balanced RCTs are considered the gold standard for estimating the causal effects of a treatment. In the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) trial, a total of 4060 patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) were randomized to a rate-control (2027 patients) or rhythm-control (2033 patients) strategy [Van Gelder et al. 2002]. Results suggested that the use of a rate-control strategy was associated with a trend towards decreased mortality, which was significant in those 65 years of age or older. Digoxin was one of the four rate-control drugs in AFFIRM. The European Heart Journal has recently reported results of two separate post hoc analyses of the AFFIRM trial data that attempted to retrospectively assess the causal effects of digoxin treatment on mortality [Gheorghiade et al. 2013; Whitbeck et al. 2013]. Since patients were originally randomized to strategies and not to individual drugs, both research groups used propensity score (PS) analysis methods in an attempt to balance digoxin and non-digoxin users for case mix and therefore their likelihood of being prescribed such treatment. Although both research groups used data from the same trial, the results were ambiguous. Whitbeck and colleagues concluded that digoxin use was associated with an increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19–1.67, p = 0.001) [Whitbeck et al. 2013], while Gheorghiade and colleagues concluded that it was not (HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.83–1.37; p = 0.64) [Gheorghiade et al. 2013]. Although both studies used PS analysis, the approaches used were different, raising the possibility that this was to blame for the discrepancy. There were however other important aspects of study design and analysis which also differed between the two reports. In particular, there were differences in the selection of participants, and different approaches used to define digoxin exposure (fixed versus time varying). It is important to therefore consider the likely effects of each before assuming that the different PS analysis techniques were to ‘blame’.
A New Approach to Blog Post Summarization Using Fast Features

Blog post summarization using fast features facilitates users' quick browsing through blog search results. Much existing research on blogs ignores blog tags and text structure. In this paper, we re-formalize the blog post summarization problem as a sentence extraction and sentence ranking problem. Three fast features, important sentences, blog tags and blog comments, are proposed to calculate salience scores of representative words. Then we propose an average-summation-based sentence selection method called ASS to select sentences based on the salience scores of content words in sentences. As been used to evaluate on human-labeled sentences, ASS showed anticipated results.
Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents

Abstract This aim of this study was to compare the new Actigraph (GT1M) with the widely used Model 7164. Seven days of free-living physical activity were measured simultaneously using both the Model 7164 and GT1M in 30 Indian adolescents (mean age 15.8 years, s = 0.6). The GT1M was on average 9% lower per epoch than model 7164, thus a correction factor of 0.91 is suggested for comparison between the two monitors. The differences between monitors increased in magnitude with intensity of activity (P < 0.001) but remained randomly distributed (r = 0.01, P = 0.96). No significant difference was observed between monitors for time spent in moderate (P = 0.31) and vigorous (P = 0.34) physical activity when using the same epoch length. The Model 7164 classified less time as sedentary (P < 0.001) and more time as light-intensity activity (P < 0.001) than the GT1M. In conclusion, data from the GT1M can be compared with historical data using average counts per minute with a correction factor, and the two models might be comparable for assessing time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity in children when using the same epoch length.