Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Formal Analysis of Real–Time System via CCS

Availability and reliability are of utmost important elements for real time systems. Availability means feasibility and compatibility of a system while reliability maintains a robust performing of a system. Most researches that related to real-time analysis have focused on the correctness but ignored the issue of compatibility, especially for substitutability of the involving tasks. Compatibility of tasks in real time system indicates the fitness of tasks that interact with each other, and substitutability is closely related to the fault tolerance mechanism of a system. In practice, one always applies backup tasks or ignored subtle fault of a task, to maintain a robust and continuation performing of a system. However, the replacement of a task or the ignored fault should not effect the main function. Thus, this would be important for us to analyze the substitutability. In this paper, we designed an Interrupt Driven Task Scheduler, which is formally modeled by a process algebra called CCS in 4 components, and analysis its correctness with the help of model checking. For more important, we described single tasks in CCS and analysis its compatibility in weak and strong levels and proposed algorithm for task compatibility checking. We then used the definition of compatibility to analysis substitutability of tasks with the help of observational equivalence of CCS.
Dichloromethane as the sole carbon source for an acetogenic mixed culture and isolation of a fermentative, dichloromethane-degrading bacterium

Dichloromethane (DCM) is utilized by the strictly anaerobic, acetogenic mixed culture DM as a sole source of carbon and energy for growth. Growth with DCM was linear, and cell suspensions of the culture degraded DCM with a specific activity of 0.47 mkat/kg of protein. A mass balance of 2 mol of chloride and 0.42 mol of acetate per mol of DCM was observed. The dehalogenation reaction showed similar specific activities under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Radioactivity from [14C]DCM in cell suspensions was recovered largely as 14CO2 (58%), [14C]acetate (23%), and [14C]formate (11%), which subsequently disappeared. This suggested that formate is a major intermediate in the pathway from DCM to acetate. Efforts to isolate from culture DM a pure culture capable of anaerobic growth with DCM were unsuccessful, although overall acetogenesis and the partial reactions are thermodynamically favorable. We then isolated bacterial strains DMA, a strictly anaerobic, gram-positive, endospore-forming rod, and DMB, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative, endospore-forming homoacetogen, from culture DM. Both strain DMB and Methanospirillum hungatei utilized formate as a source of carbon and energy. Coculture of strain DMA with either M. hungatei or strain DMB in solid medium with DCM as the sole added source of carbon and energy was observed. These data support a tentative scheme for the acetogenic fermentation of DCM involving interspecies formate transfer from strain DMA to the acetogenic bacterium DMB or to the methanogen M. hungatei.
Unsupervised Learning Neural Network for Classification of Ship-Hull Fouling Conditions

We have developed algorithms to automate image classification and quantification of fouling conditions for ship hulls. Motivated by the fact that existing methods of quantifying fouling conditions and physical oceanographic conditions (e.g., coral reef population) have to rely on manual and visual labors by "experts", which are highly subjective and time consuming, we have developed algorithms to classify and quantify fouling conditions of ship hulls from images taken underwater. The algorithms include three parts: image production, feature extraction, and neural network classifiers. Raw images reflecting various fouling conditions were produced. Sub-sampling was conducted on the raw images and a total of 360 sub-image samples were generated. The 360 sub-image samples were divided into two datasets, one with 300 samples for training and the other 60 samples for testing of a self-organizing map (SOM) neural network. For each image, a total of 32 feature variables extracted from the statistical method of SGLDM were used for training the SOM neural network. Results show that with adequate training, the success rate for prediction can reach 100%.
Limitations of Bayesian Evidence Applied to Cosmology

There has been increasing interest by cosmologists in applying Bayesian techniques, such as Bayesian Evidence, for model selection. A typical example is in assessing whether observational data favour a cosmological constant over evolving dark energy. In this paper, the example of dark energy is used to illustrate limitations in the application of Bayesian Evidence associated with subjective judgements concerning the choice of model and priors. An analysis of recent cosmological data shows a statistically insignificant preference for a cosmological constant over simple dynamical models of dark energy. It is argued that for nested problems, as considered here, Bayesian parameter estimation can be more informative than computing Bayesian Evidence for poorly motivated physical models.
The quantum Hall effect as an electrical resistance standard

The quantum Hall effect (QHE) provides an invariant reference for resistance linked to natural constants. It is used worldwide to maintain and compare the unit of resistance. The reproducibility reached today is almost two orders of magnitude better than the uncertainty of the determination of the ohm in the international system of units SI. In this article, mainly the aspects of the QHE relevant for its metrological application are reviewed. After a short introduction of the theoretical models describing the integer QHE, the properties of the devices used in metrology and the measurement techniques are described. A detailed summary is given on the measurements carried out to demonstrate the universality of the quantized Hall resistance and to assess all the effects leading to deviations of the Hall resistance from the quantized value. In addition, the present and future role of the QHE in the SI and the field of natural constants is discussed.
The Influence of Doctor-Patient and Midwife-Patient Relationship in Quality Care Perception of Italian Pregnant Women: An Exploratory Study

Background The study focuses on the perceived nature / technique opposition in pregnancy and delivery emerging from gynaecologist/ midwife/ pregnant woman relationships. We developed a cross-sectional survey to identify, by means of a multidimensional data-driven approach, the main latent concepts structuring the between items correlation correspondent to the different general opinions present in the data set. The obtained results can set the basis to improve patient satisfaction while decreasing healthcare costs. Methods The sample is made of 90 pregnant women within 24-48 hours after natural or operative birth, from three maternity units in Italy. Women filled in a questionnaire about their relationship with gynaecologist and midwife during pregnancy and hospital stay for delivery. Results Participation rate approached 100%. The emerging factorial structure gave a proof-of-concept of the hypothesis of ‘nature vs. technique’ as the main dimension shaping women opinions. The results highlighted the role of midwife as the ‘link’ between the natural and technical dimension of birth. The quality of welcome and the establishing of an empathic relation between mother and healthcare professional was shown to decrease further request of care in the post-partum period. Conclusions The “fault plane” between nature and technique is a very critical zone for litigation. Women are particularly sensitive to the consideration and attention they receive at their admission in the hospital, as well as to the quality of human relationship with midwife. The perceived quality of welcome scaled with a decreased need of additional care and, more in general, with a more faithful attitude towards health professionals. We hypothesize that increasing the quality of welcome can exert an effect on both welfare costs and litigation. This opens the way (through an extension of this pilot study to wider populations) to relevant ameliorative actions on quality of care at practically null cost.
Differential proliferative response in the postischemic hippocampus, temporal cortex, and olfactory bulb of young adult macaque monkeys

We investigated the fate of proliferating cells in the adult monkey brain after global ischemia. We used the thymidine analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) to label S‐phase cells and their progeny in Japanese macaques subjected to global cerebral ischemia for 20 min or to a sham operation. Subsequently, newly generated cells were identified by BrdU immunohistochemistry, and their immunophenotype was determined quantitatively, using specific markers. The ischemic insult significantly increased the number of proliferating cells in the hippocampus and temporal neocortex, where the majority BrdU‐labeled cells expressed markers for microglia (Iba1, CD68, and Ham56) or astrocytes (S‐100β and glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP]). In contrast, the proliferation level in the parahippocampal region remained unchanged. This discrepancy prompted us to investigate the postischemic response in the olfactory bulb, a well‐known site of adult cell generation that is anatomically distant from the above‐mentioned regions but that is also subjected to the global ischemic insult. The olfactory bulb contained clusters of proliferating cells expressing markers for neural (Musashi1 and Nestin) and/or neuronal (class III β‐tubulin) progenitors; these were immunophenotypically distinct from other cell types. Their number and distribution were unaltered by ischemia. Our results demonstrate that cell proliferation and differentiation in the adult macaque brain and olfactory bulb are differentially affected by a common insult. GLIA 42:209–224, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TexToons: practical texture mapping for hand-drawn cartoon animations

We present a novel and practical texture mapping algorithm for hand-drawn cartoons that allows the production of visually rich animations with minimal user effort. Unlike previous techniques, our approach works entirely in the 2D domain and does not require the knowledge or creation of a 3D proxy model. Inspired by the fact that the human visual system tends to focus on the most salient features of a scene, which we observe for hand-drawn cartoons are the contours rather than the interior of regions, we can create the illusion of temporally coherent animation using only rough 2D image registration. This key observation allows us to design a simple yet effective algorithm that significantly reduces the amount of manual labor required to add visually complex detail to an animation, thus enabling efficient cartoon texturing for computer-assisted animation production pipelines. We demonstrate our technique on a variety of input animations as well as provide examples of postprocessing operations that can be applied to simulate 3D-like effects entirely in the 2D domain.
Vacuum energy reduction through destabilization: a unification of quintessence and a dynamical approach?

Although quintessence cosmologies seem to explain the amount of cosmological constant today, the required conditions are severe. For example, an extremely slowly varying and light scalar field that rolls toward the vanishing vacuum energy state is needed, which must satisfy the required initial conditions so that the energy density in matter is comparable to the energy density stored in quintessence today. Our first question is whether it is possible to explain why quintessence ``knows'' that the Universe is going toward the vanishing energy state. We show from a new perspective that the conventional $O(H)$ corrections may reproduce the required potential. Our second question is whether it is possible to obtain plausible amount of the potential energy density today without tuning initial conditions. Since our resultant potentials mimic quintessence, one may solve the coincidence problem using the conventional techniques for solving the coincidence problem in quintessence cosmology. However, in our scenario we have another option, which is qualitatively different from the one that have been discussed in quintessence cosmology. Besides quintessence cosmology, we show that there is a relation between a dynamical approach, which suggests that we can solve the coincidence problem in a dynamical approach. As far as we know, this is the first attempt to discuss about the unified picture and the important relations between these distinctive scenarios.
Institutionen för systemteknik Department of Electrical Engineering

Intersections tests between meshes in physics engines are time consuming and computational heavy tasks. In order to speed up these intersection tests, each mesh can be decomposed into several smaller convex hulls where the intersection test between each pair of these smaller hulls becomes more computationally e cient. The decomposition of meshes within the game industry is today performed by digital artists and is considered a boring and time consuming task. Hence, the focus of this master thesis lies in automatically decompose a mesh into several smaller convex hulls and to approximate these decomposed pieces with bounding volumes of di erent complexity. These bounding volumes together represents a collision mesh that is fully usable in modern games.
Energy saving strategy development in liquid desiccant dehumidifier by genetic algorithm

Energy saving strategy in liquid desiccant dehumidifier is presented in this study. The energy models of the components from the dehumidifier are developed by the Support Vector Machine method. To minimize the energy usage of the dehumidifier, an optimization problem is formulated by considering the energy consumption of the system as the objective function. Desiccant solution temperature and flow rate are the two control settings. Genetic algorithm is employed to solve the optimization problem. Results show that energy efficiency of the liquid desiccant dehumidifier can be much improved by using the proposed energy saving strategy.
Fast computation of image-reconstruction process of high-speed parallel phase-shifting digital holography

We present a fast computational system for high-speed parallel phase-shifting digital holography. The image reconstruction process of parallel phase-shifting digital holography consists of the following processes: decomposition of recorded phase-shifted hologram, interpolation of vacant pixels in decomposed holograms, phase-shifting interferometry, and light propagation. We accelerated phase-shifting interferometry and light propagation processes, whose computational load was much heavier than that of the others, by a graphics processing unit (GPU). We adopted Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUBA) as a software development environment. A GPU with CUDA can achieve 6.3× and 9.0× faster computational times in phase-shifting interferometry and light propagation processes than a CPU, respectively.
Emociones negativas en el profesorado universitario = Negative emotions in the university facult: burnout, estrés laboral y mobbing = burnout, work stress, and mobbing /

En el artículo se presenta una síntesis dedistintos trabajos empíricos que analizanla situación del profesorado universitariorespecto a la aparición de emocionesnegativas durante el desarrollo de su labordocente e investigadora. La revisión revelaque, en conjunto, los profesores universitariosespañoles obtienen unos nivelesmedios de bournout, presentan síntomasde estrés laboral (sobre todo, en las figurasde profesores asociados y ayudantes) ymanifiestan sufrir mobbing en su lugar detrabajo. Por tanto, los datos indican queeste colectivo no están en absoluto exentode los problemas que, característicamente,se asocian a los docentes de niveleseducativos inferiores (Primaria, Secundariay Bachillerato). Estas situacionesredundan muy negativamente en su satisfacciónlaboral, su productividad y susalud física y emocional.
First constraints on iron abundance versus reflection fraction from the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG–6-30-15

We report on a joint ASCA and RXTE observation spanning an ∼400 ks time interval of the bright Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG–6-30-15. The data clearly confirm the presence of a broad skewed iron line (WKα∼266 eV) and Compton reflection continuum at higher energies reported in our previous paper. We also investigate whether the gravitational and Doppler effects, which affect the iron line, may also be manifest in the reflected continuum. The uniqueness of this data set is underlined by the extremely good statistics that we obtain from the approximately four million photons that make up the 2–20 keV RXTE PCA spectrum alone. This, coupled with the high energy coverage of HEXTE and the spectral resolution of ASCA in the iron line regime, has allowed us to constrain the relationship between abundance and reflection fraction for the first time at the 99 per cent confidence level. The reflection fraction is entirely consistent with a flat disc, i.e. the cold material subtends 2π sr at the source, to an accuracy of 20 per cent. Monte Carlo simulations show that the observed strong iron line intensity is explained by an overabundance of iron by a factor of ∼2 and an underabundance of the lower-Z elements by a similar factor. By considering non-standard abundances, a clear and consistent picture can be made in which both the iron line and reflection continuum come from the same material such as, e.g., an accretion disc.
Chondrocyte survival and differentiation in situ are integrin mediated

Chondrocytes in specific areas of the chick sternum have different developmental fates. Cephalic chondrocytes become hypertrophic and secrete type X collagen into the extracellular matrix prior to bone deposition. Middle and caudal chondrocytes remain cartilaginous throughout development and continue to secrete collagen types II, IX, and XI. The interaction of integrin receptors with extracellular matrix molecules has been shown to affect cytoskeleton organization, proliferation, differentiation, and gene expression in other cell types. We hypothesized that chondrocyte survival and differentiation including the deposition into interstitial matrix of type X collagen may be integrin receptor mediated. To test this hypothesis, a serum‐free organ culture sternal model that recapitulates normal development and maintains the three‐dimensional relationships of the tissue was developed. We examined chondrocyte differentiation by five parameters: type X collagen deposition into interstitial matrix, sternal growth, actin distribution, cell shape, and cell diameter changes. Additional sterna were analyzed for apoptosis using a fragmented DNA assay. Sterna were organ cultured with blocking antibodies specific for integrin subunits (α2, α3, or β1). In the presence of anti‐β1 integrin (25 μg/ml, clone W1B10), type X collagen deposition into interstitial matrix and sternal growth were significantly inhibited. In addition, all chondrocytes were significantly smaller, the actin was disrupted, and there was a significant increase in apoptosis throughout the specimens. Addition of anti‐α2 (10 μg/ml, clone P1E6) or anti‐ α3 (10 μg/ml, clone P1B5) integrin partially inhibited type X collagen deposition into interstitial matrix; however, sternal growth and cell size were significantly decreased. These data are the first obtained from intact tissue and demonstrate that the interaction of chondrocytes with extracellular matrix is required for chondrocyte survival and differentiation. Dev. Dyn. 1997;210:249–263. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring the Relationship Between Lexical Behavior and Concept Formation in Design Conversations

Designers bring individual knowledge and perspectives to the team. The hypothesis tested in this research is that semantic and grammatical structures (the language through which concepts are expressed) enable designers to bridge relations among ideas stored in each designer’s mind and from this to generate design concepts. This paper describes a linguistic and a computational method to examine the grammatical and semantic structure of design conversations and the linguistic processes by which individuals bridge their knowledge to the group’s ongoing knowledge accumulation. To test the hypothesis, we conducted a linguistic (systemic functional linguistics) and computational linguistic (lexical chain analysis) analysis of a design team conversation The computational analysis revealed hypernym relations as the primary lexico-syntactic pattern by which designers offer, interrelate and develop concepts. The linguistic analysis highlighted the grammatical linguistic features that actively contribute to the generation of design content by teams. These analyses point to the prospect of a functional correspondence between language use and a team’s ability to construct knowledge for design. This interrelation has implications both for computational systems that assess design teams and design teamwork education.Copyright © 2005 by ASME
Extended Pain as Margin to Paste up to Future

Through some topics on knowing something, empirical temperature and robot’s recognition, we make the interface between parts and whole manifesting, and express it as “extended pain”. By formalizing wholeness as a weaken co-limit, we describe dynamical negotiation between making parts and making whole in a lattice theory as a model for differentiation under a constraint of unity.
Modeling and Evaluation of Cycloconverter-Fed Two-Stator-Winding SAG Mill Drive— Part II: Starting Evaluation

A detailed evaluation of a SAG mill starting is presented using three different modeling options. The first option considers a qd0 model of the two-stator winding synchronous motor fed by two six-pulse cycloconverters. The second option considers the qd0 model of an equivalent one-stator winding synchronous motor fed by a 12-pulse cycloconverter. The third option considers the equivalent one-stator winding synchronous motor fed by an ideal, purely sinusoidal signals, converter. To obtain an accurate representation of the dynamic behavior of the mill charge, especially during the first half turn of the SAG mill, a dynamic model of the mill charge is developed. This dynamic model uses the radius and angle position of the mill charge center of mass. The dynamic angle is obtained from starting field records. First, a typical starting is evaluated using the three modeling options, comparing the computational requirements of each evaluation. Then, the effect of the charge volume and the effect of the initial ball charge are presented. Finally, results are compared to field records for three different starts of an 8.2-MW SAG mill, and the effect of the shutdown time period is analyzed.