Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traffic-aware buffer reconfiguration in on-chip networks

Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) play a crucial role in the performance of Chip Multi-Processors (CMPs). Routers are one of the main components determining the efficiency of NoCs. As various applications have different communication characteristics and hence, buffering requirements, it is difficult to make proper decisions in this regard in the design time. In this paper, we propose a traffic-aware reconfigurable router which can adapt its buffers structure to the changes in the traffic of the network. Our proposed router manages to achieve up to 18.8% and 44.4% improvements in terms of postponing saturation rate under synthetic traffic patterns, and average packet latency for PARSEC applications, respectively, with respect to the conventional state-of-the-art router.
Parathyroid cell number and size in hypocalcemic young rats

Weanling rats were fed diets with normal (1%) or low (0.08% or 0.02%, respectively) Ca content for 28 days prior to sacrifice. The total volume of the parathyroids was estimated from serial sections. Volume density of secretory cells was calculated according to conventional stereological techniques, whereas cell number and cell size were estimated by the disector method. Compared with controls the animals of the experimental groups developed moderate and severe hypocalcemia and their parathyroids were enlarged with a proportional growth of parenchyma and interstitium. Related to the body weight, secretory cell volume was highest in animals with severe hypocalcemia. In the enlarged glands the size of parathyroid secretory cells was increased by 30–40%, whereas total cell number was unaltered. Thus, the increased parathyroid size was due to cell hypertrophy rather than hyperplasia.
[Study of selected problems of epidemiology of laryngeal cancer in the Western Pomerania based on the data of patients hospitalized at the Otolaryngological clinic, Pomeranian Academy of Medicine, in Szczecin l978-l987].

At the Clinic of Otolaryngology PMA in Szczecin the laryngeal cancer occurred in 1079, i.e. 76.9%, patients hospitalized in the years 1978-1987 due to malignant neoplasms. The men constituted 90.3% of the patients. The mean age of the affected men during the investigated period was 56.4 years, and that of the women 55.0 years. The most numerous occupational group among men was made up of farmers and forresters as well as workers employed in industry. It was revealed that in 60.3% the tumour was localized in epiglottis, in 38.3% in the glottic area, and in 1.2% in subglottis. Supraglottic localization of the tumour was preponderant in patients who abused alcohol, performed their work under poor atmospheric conditions and stemmed from rural population, in younger age compartments. As many as 64.6% of patients displayed the localization advancement of the tumour T3-T4, T1-T2 and claimed 35.4% of cases, mainly involving the glottis. The habit of cigarette smoking was reported by 92% of men and 85% of women, while the alcohol was abused by 84.9% of men, and 65% of women. Prior to admission to the clinic 63.5% of patients underwent no medical treatment. It was disclosed that 84.8% of patients were seeking medical help because of hoarse voice. The appearance of symptoms ranged most frequently from 3 to 8 months, regardless of the primary focus localization of the neoplasm, sex and the age of the patient. The highest morbidity rise was recorded for towns in Gorzów Voivodeship. But the highest incidence rate was observed in villages and towns in Szczecin Voivodeship.
A Study of Knowledge-Based Simulation for Enterprise Resources Planning

The conventional way of using the Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) applications is inadequate for the highly dynamic, complex and demanding business environment. The efficient use of the ERP system relies heavily on the know-how, experience and quality of the users. Since the knowledge of operating ERP system is difficult to be acquired, shared and diffused among the users, it takes time and money to train well-experienced users. As a result, this paper presents a framework of Knowledge-based Simulation System for Enterprise Resources Planning named KBSimERP. The KBSimERP provides an integrated learning environment for achieving three perspectives, which includes the knowledge acquisition, knowledge diffusion and performance measurement perspectives respectively. Hence, a prototype of the KBSimERP is built for production planning and control, and the performance of the system is preliminarily evaluated. Satisfactory results are obtained.
Compact dual-printed inverted-F antenna diversity systems for portable wireless devices

Dual-printed inverted-F antenna diversity systems for terminal devices operating at 5.2 GHz under both switched and combining schemes are presented. Diversity performance is evaluated by means of the calculated envelope correlation coefficient, the mean effective gain and the effective diversity gain of the two antennas. An investigation into the effect of the antennas' placement and of the corrugated ground plane on the performance of the system has also been conducted. It is shown that many configurations can provide uncorrelated signals of the same power level, but with significantly different radiation pattern complementarity, antenna efficiency, and effective diversity gain.
Gr upSM Recent Advances in Neural Connectivity Inference Problem for Very Large Scale Population Calcium Imaging

Recent years had seen important advances in the computational problem of deconvolution of calcium imaging signals as well as estimation of neural connectivity from population calcium imaging data. In experimental domain, calcium imaging had scaled up tremendously, with imaging of neural populations on the scale of entire brain in alive and behaving animals recently demonstrated. Solutions for neural connectivity inference from very large-scale calcium imaging data had been also offered. A particularly important advance can be seen in the recent introduction in computational neuroscience literature of the concept of sparse neural population imaging and connectivity inference. These advances make it now possible to pursue calcium imaging-based reconstructions of neural connectivity in macroscopically large neural circuits or even the entire brain. This chapter provides a technical overview of some of the important recent Yuriy Mishchenko1* 1Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Turkey *Corresponding author: Yuriy Mishchenko, Izmir University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya Cd. 156, 35330 BalcovaIzmir, Turkey, Email: yuriy.mishchenko@ gmail.com Published Date: September 25, 2016
Relative Inactivation by Staphylococcus aureus of Eight Cephalosporin Antibiotics

These studies extend the recent observation that cefazolin is inactivated to a greater extent than cephaloridine by some strains of penicillinase-producing Staphylococcus aureus, whereas cephalothin undergoes little if any inactivation. In Mueller-Hinton broth (inoculum, 3 × 106) 100 recently isolated strains had minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≤ 2 μg/ml for cephalothin and cephaloridine, whereas in Trypticase soy broth (TSB) 50% had MICs > 2 μg/ml and 10% (designated “resistant” strains) were >8 μg/ml for cephaloridine but remained ≤2 μg/ml for cephalothin. A large inoculum (3 × 107) of strains with high MICs in TSB almost completely inactivated 50 μg of cefazolin per ml in 6 h, with progressively less inactivation, in the following order, of cephaloridine, cephalexin, cephradine, cephapirin, and cefamandole; cefoxitin and cephalothin underwent little if any inactivation. The greater inactivation in TSB than in Mueller-Hinton broth appeared to be due to a greater production of β-lactamases by each colony-forming unit, since the inoculum size in the two broths was not significantly different. In contrast, “susceptible” strains (MICs ≤ 2 μg/ml in both broths) inactivated cephaloridine more than cefazolin, and equal amounts of powdered bacterial extracts confirmed the fact that qualitatively different β-lactamases were produced by the susceptible and resistant strains. Disk diffusion tests were unreliable in separating the two groups of staphylococci. The clinical significance of inactivation by strains with high MICs is not known but, unless susceptibility can be clearly established, cephalothin appears preferable for severe staphylococcal infections, since it undergoes little if any inactivation by any strains of staphylococci.
Energy intake, nonexercise physical activity, and weight loss in responders and nonresponders: The Midwest Exercise Trial 2

To compare energy intake, total daily energy expenditure (TDEE), nonexercise energy expenditure (NEEx), resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonexercise physical activity (NEPA), and sedentary time between participants with weight loss <5% (nonresponders) vs. ≥5% (responders) in response to exercise.
Dynamic Jiles–Atherton Model for Determining the Magnetic Power Loss at High Frequency in Permanent Magnet Machines

This paper describes a mathematical model for the dynamic magnetic power losses in the laminated steel stator of high-frequency permanent magnet machines, such as brushless dc (BLDC) motors. The model presented is based on a utilization of the dynamic Jiles-Atherton model. Accurate dynamic B-H curve fitting and magnetic power loss derivations have been achieved, where the calculated magnetic losses have shown ~95% accuracy from 5 to 2000 Hz over a flux density range of 1.0-1.6 T. This approach has been applied to estimate the magnetic power loss of a small scale high-frequency (>10 000 r/min) BLDC motor, with calculated and measured losses being in close agreement.
Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Silencing by RNA Interference Triggers the Migratory-adhesive Switch in Ewing's Sarcoma Cells*

Enhanced expression of (pro)matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is associated with human tumor invasion and/or metastasis. COH cells derived from a highly invasive and metastatic Ewing's sarcoma constitutively express proMMP-9. Transfection of a double stranded RNA that targets the MMP-9 mRNA into COH cells depleted the corresponding mRNA and protein as demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gelatin zymography. proMMP-9 extinction resulted in the following: (i) decreased spreading on extracellular matrix (fibronectin, laminin, collagen IV)-coated surfaces, (ii) inhibition of migration toward fibronectin, and (iii) induced aggregation, which was specifically disrupted by a function-blocking E-cadherin antibody. MMP-9 knockdown concomitantly resulted in increased levels of surface E-cadherin, redistribution at the plasma membrane of β-catenin, and its physical association with E-cadherin. Moreover, induction of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion was associated with RhoA activation and changes in paxillin cytoskeleton. Finally, an inhibitor of gelatinolytic activity of pro-MMP9 did not reduce COH cell migration confirming that the enzymatic property of COH MMP-9 was not required for migration toward fibronectin. Overall, our observations define a novel critical role for proMMP-9 in providing a cellular switch between stationary and migratory cell phases.
Early Respiratory Infections and Asthma Among New York City Head Start Children

Background. Respiratory infections in neonates have been found to predict wheeze among young children. We hypothesized that among preschool children from low-income minority communities in New York City, current asthma would be associated with a history of respiratory infection in the first few months after their birth. Methods. We asked parents of children in New York City Head Start centers (preschool programs for children of low-income families) to respond to a questionnaire covering demographic factors, lifestyle, home environment, and health history, including a detailed history of respiratory conditions. We used logistic regression to model the association of asthma and asthma severity with history of respiratory infections, controlling for gender, ethnicity, family history of asthma, and other factors. Results. Among 1,022 children (mean age 4± 0.6 years) whose parents provided information about their health history, 359 (35%) met our criteria for asthma. Overall, 22% had had a cold by 6 months and 17% an ear infection by 8 months of age. In multivariable models, children with asthma had had more colds (OR = 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-6.0) and ear infections (OR = 3.4, 95% CI 1.7-6.9) in the past year than other children. Associations of respiratory infections with emergency department use for asthma (as a measure of severity) were similar. In models that did not control for infections in the past year, ages at first cold and first ear infection were associated with asthma and emergency department visits in the past year. Conclusions. In this sample of preschool children, respiratory infections were common and were associated with asthma and health care utilization for asthma exacerbations. If these findings are confirmed, preventive measures among children who develop such infections at a very early age should be explored to help reduce the burden of asthma in this age group.
Functional perfusion imaging using pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling with low‐flip‐angle segmented 3D spiral readouts

Arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides quantitative and reproducible measurements of regional cerebral blood flow, and is therefore an attractive method for functional MRI. However, most existing ASL functional MRI protocols are based on either two‐dimensional (2D) multislice or 3D spin‐echo and suffer from very low image signal‐to‐noise ratio or through‐plane blurring. 3D ASL with multishot (segmented) readouts can improve the signal‐to‐noise ratio efficiency relative to 2D multislice and does not suffer from T2‐blurring. However, segmented readouts require lower imaging flip‐angles and may increase the susceptibility to temporal signal fluctuations (e.g., due to physiology) relative to 2D multislice. In this article, we characterize the temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio of a segmented 3D spiral ASL sequence, and investigate the effects of radiofrequency phase cycling scheme and flip‐angle schedule on image properties. We show that radiofrequency‐spoiling is essential in segmented 3D spiral ASL, and that 3D ASL can improve temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio 2‐fold relative to 2D multislice when using a simple polynomial (cubic) flip‐angle schedule. Functional MRI results using the proposed optimized segmented 3D spiral ASL protocol show excellent activation in the visual cortex. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prebiotic Factors Influencing the Activity of a Ligase Ribozyme

An RNA-lipid origin of life scenario provides a plausible route for compartmentalized replication of an informational polymer and subsequent division of the container. However, a full narrative to form such RNA protocells implies that catalytic RNA molecules, called ribozymes, can operate in the presence of self-assembled vesicles composed of prebiotically relevant constituents, such as fatty acids. Hereby, we subjected a newly engineered truncated variant of the L1 ligase ribozyme, named tL1, to various environmental conditions that may have prevailed on the early Earth with the objective to find a set of control parameters enabling both tL1-catalyzed ligation and formation of stable myristoleic acid (MA) vesicles. The separate and concurrent effects of temperature, concentrations of Mg2+, MA, polyethylene glycol and various solutes were investigated. The most favorable condition tested consists of 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM Mg2+, 5 mM MA, and 4 °C temperature, whereas the addition of Mg2+-chelating solutes, such as citrate, tRNAs, aspartic acid, and nucleoside triphosphates severely inhibits the reaction. These results further solidify the RNA-lipid world hypothesis and stress the importance of using a systems chemistry approach whereby a wide range of prebiotic factors interfacing with ribozymes are considered.
Divergent Paths: A New Perspective on Earnings Differences between Black and White Men Since 1940

We present new evidence on the evolution of black–white earnings differences among all men, including both workers and nonworkers. We study two measures: (i) the level earnings gap—the racial earnings difference at a given quantile; and (ii) the earnings rank gap—the difference between a black man's percentile in the black earnings distribution and the position he would hold in the white earnings distribution. After narrowing from 1940 to the mid-1970s, the median black–white level earnings gap has since grown as large as it was in 1950. At the same time, the median black man's relative position in the earnings distribution has remained essentially constant since 1940, so that the improvement then worsening of median relative earnings have come mainly from the stretching and narrowing of the overall earnings distribution. Black men at higher percentiles have experienced significant advances in relative earnings since 1940, due mainly to strong positional gains among those with college educations. Large relative schooling gains by blacks at the median and below have been more than counteracted by rising return to skill in the labor market, which has increasingly penalized remaining racial differences in schooling at the bottom of the distribution.
Variations in the peptidase activities of Escherichia coli in response to environmental changes.

Summary: The activities of soluble, intracellular Co2+ and Mn2+ activated dipeptidases of Escherichia coli varied with the growth conditions. With chemostat cultures, potassium-limitation and oxygen depletion produced high peptidase activities whereas activities were low in carbon-limited cultures; the activity of carbon-limited organisms approximated to that of exponential-phase batch-grown organisms. The effect of growth conditions on the specific activity of soluble tripeptidase, which did not require cations for activity, was different from that found for the dipeptidases; the highest activity was again found in potassium-limited organisms but lowest activity occurred with nitrogen and magnesium limitation. The activities of all these peptidases were independent of the pH of growth, within the range pH 7·0 to 5·5. These results are discussed in relation to the utilization of peptides by growing organisms and to measurements of the turnover of protein during growth.
PsiB, an anti‐SOS protein, is transiently expressed by the F sex factor during its transmission to an Escherichia coli K‐12 recipient

PsiB, an anti‐SOS protein, shown previously to prevent activation of RecA protein, was purified from the crude extract of PsiB overproducing cells. PsiB is probably a tetrameric protein, whose subunit has a sequence‐deduced molecular mass of 15741 daltons. Using an immuno‐assay with anti‐PsiB antibodies, we have monitored PsiB cell concentrations produced by F and R6‐5 piasmids: the latter type produces a detectable level of PsiB protein while the former does not. The discrepancy can be assigned to a Tn 10 outgoing promoter located upstream of psiB. When we inserted a Tn 10 promoter upstream of F psiB, the F PsiB protein concentration reached the level of R6‐5 PsiB.
Constancy of adult personality structure in males: longitudinal, cross-sectional and times-of-measurement analyses.

Constancy or change in adult personality organization can be assessed by comparing the factor structure of personality instruments at different ages, and some studies have reported cross-sectional differences in structure. The present study compares the factor structure of the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey scales longitudinally in three administrations 6 years apart and cross-sectionally in three age cohorts. Additional analyses compare first administration data collected in two successive decades to test for variation in structure resulting from cultural change over that period. Subjects were 769 male volunteers in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, aged 17 to 97 at the time of the first administration. Three varimax-rotated principal components were extracted in each of eight analyses. Results show no systematic evidence of variation in structure in any of these groups, with coefficients of factor congruence ranging from . 83 to . 99. This longitudinally demonstrated invariance of personality structure is discussed in terms of the implications for the stability of personality organization throughout the adult years and for the use of personality tests in elderly groups.
Performance Evaluation of NoC Architectures for Parallel Workloads

Network-on-Chip is the state-of-the-art approach to interconnect many processing cores in the next generation of general-purpose processors. In this context, the problem is to choose NoC architectures capable of achieving high performance for parallel programs. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to evaluate the performance of three NoC architectures using well-known parallel workloads.
LIUBoost : Locality Informed Underboosting for Imbalanced Data Classification

The problem of class imbalance along with class-overlapping has become a major issue in the domain of supervised learning. Most supervised learning algorithms assume equal cardinality of the classes under consideration while optimizing the cost function and this assumption does not hold true for imbalanced datasets which results in sub-optimal classification. Therefore, various approaches, such as undersampling, oversampling, cost-sensitive learning and ensemble based methods have been proposed for dealing with imbalanced datasets. However, undersampling suffers from information loss, oversampling suffers from increased runtime and potential overfitting while cost-sensitive methods suffer due to inadequately defined cost assignment schemes. In this paper, we propose a novel boosting based method called LIUBoost. LIUBoost uses under sampling for balancing the datasets in every boosting iteration like RUSBoost while incorporating a cost term for every instance based on their hardness into the weight update formula minimizing the information loss introduced by undersampling. LIUBoost has been extensively evaluated on 18 imbalanced datasets and the results indicate significant improvement over existing best performing method RUSBoost.
A Review Comparing Deoxyribonucleoside Triphosphate (dNTP) Concentrations in the Mitochondrial and Cytoplasmic Compartments of Normal and Transformed Cells

The deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pools that support the replication of mitochondrial DNA are physically separated from the rest of the cell by the double membrane of the mitochondria. Perturbed homeostasis of mitochondrial dNTP pools is associated with a set of severe diseases collectively termed mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes. The degree of interaction of the mitochondrial dNTP pools with the corresponding dNTP pools in the cytoplasm is currently not clear. We reviewed the literature on previously reported simultaneous measurements of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools to investigate and quantify the extent of the influence of the cytoplasmic nucleotide metabolism on mitochondrial dNTP pools. We converted the reported measurements to concentrations creating a catalog of paired mitochondrial and cytoplasmic dNTP concentration measurements. Over experiments from multiple laboratories, dNTP concentrations in the mitochondria are highly correlated with dNTP concentrations in the cytoplasm in normal cells in culture (Pearson R = 0.79, p = 3 × 10−7) but not in transformed cells. For dTTP and dATP there was a strong linear relationship between the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial concentrations in normal cells. From this linear model we hypothesize that the salvage pathway within the mitochondrion is only capable of forming a concentration of approximately 2 μM of dTTP and dATP, and that higher concentrations require transport of deoxyribonucleotides from the cytoplasm.