Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive functioning throughout the treatment history of clinical late‐life depression

Previous investigations into the relationship between late‐life depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning have resulted in mixed findings concerning whether or not depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning are related. The mixed reports may be due in part to differences in clinical and nonclinical samples and to inadequate consideration of the dynamic nature (i.e., fluctuating course) of depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning in older adults. The current study examined the chronic, acute, and longitudinal relationships between depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning in older adults in an ongoing treatment study of major depressive disorder (MDD).
Predicting Tweet Retweetability during Hurricane Disasters

Twitter is a vital source for obtaining information, especially during events such as natural disasters. Users can spread information on Twitter either by crafting new posts, which are called “tweets,” or by using the retweet mechanism to re-post previously created tweets. During natural disasters, identifying how likely a tweet is to be retweeted is crucial since it can help promote the spread of useful information in a social network such as Twitter, as well as it can help stop the spread of misinformation when corroborated with approaches that identify rumors and misinformation. In this paper, we present an analysis of retweeted tweets from two different hurricane disasters, to identify factors that affect retweetability. We then use these factors to extract features from tweets' content and user account information in order to develop models that automatically predict the retweetability of a tweet. The results of our experiments on Sandy and Patricia Hurricanes show the effectiveness of our features.
Characterization of H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Circulating in Canadian Pigs in 2009

ABSTRACT The 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1), of apparent swine origin, may have evolved in pigs unnoticed because of insufficient surveillance. Consequently, the need for surveillance of influenza viruses circulating in pigs has received added attention. In this study we characterized H1N1 viruses isolated from Canadian pigs in 2009. Isolates from May 2009 were comprised of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase (NA) genes of classical SIV origin in combination with the North American triple-reassortant internal gene (TRIG) cassette, here termed contemporary SIV (conSIV) H1N1. These conSIV H1N1 viruses were contiguous with the North American αH1 cluster, which was distinct from the pH1N1 isolates that were antigenically more related to the γH1 cluster. After the initial isolation of pH1N1 from an Alberta pig farm in early May 2009, pH1N1 was found several times in Canadian pigs. These pH1N1 isolates were genetically and antigenically homogeneous. In addition, H1N1 viruses bearing seasonal human H1 and N1 genes together with the TRIG cassette and an NA encoding an oseltamivir-resistance marker were isolated from pigs. The NS gene of one of these seasonal human-like SIV (shSIV) H1N1 isolates was homologous to pH1N1 NS, implicating reassortment between the two strains. Antigenic cross-reactivity was observed between pH1N1 and conSIV but not with shSIV H1N1. In summary, although there was cocirculation of pH1N1 with conSIV and shSIV H1N1 in Canadian pigs after May 2009, there was no evidence supporting the presence of pH1N1 in pigs prior to May 2009. The possibility for further reassortants being generated exists and should be closely monitored.
Heterogeneityof LipoproteinLp ( a ) and Apolipoprotein ( a )

We have purified Lp(a) lipoproteinsfromsera offoursubjects by ultracentrifugation, selective precipitation, and chromatofocusing. Each subject had two forms of serum Lp(a) that were separable by chromatofocusing.We purified apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a)] from the eight isolated Lp(a)s and obtained only one form of apo(a) from each subject. The four apo(a)s seen on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresishad different apparent molecular masses, ranging from 275 to 440 kDa. Chemical deglycosylationof the smallestapo(a) yielded a 235 kDa protein,which may be a core proteinstructurecommonto all apo(a)s. We conclude that there are many forms of serum Lp(a) and apo(a). The heterogeneityof serum Lp(a) particles can be ascribed in part to differencesin size of apo(a), but other factors must accountfor the existencewithina single patientof different L.p(a)sthat contain apparently identical apo(a). One must considerthe heterogeneityof Lp(a) when designingassays for this lipoprotein.
Multiple motion estimation and segmentation in transparency

In this paper a mechanism for computing multiple motion models along with the corresponding regions of support for a sequence of images is presented. The mechanism is an indirect parametric motion estimation technique. Firstly, a robust technique based on the fundamental constraint equation of multiple optical flow is used to estimate a dense multiple vector field of the scene. Secondly, from the recovered low-level data, motion models and their corresponding regions of support are estimated through a variant of the expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm. The proposed algorithm is shown to provide good motion estimates and regions of support.
YAF: Yet Another Flowmeter

A flow meter generates flow data - which contains information about each connection observed on a network - from a stream of observed packets. Flow meters can be implemented in standalone measurement devices or inline on packet forwarding devices, such as routers. YAF (Yet Another Flowmeter) was created as a reference implementation of an IPFIX Metering and Exporting Process, and to provide a platform for experimentation and rapid deployment of new flow meter capabilities. Significant engineering effort has also gone into ensuring that YAF is a high performance, flexible, stable, and capable flow collector. This paper describes the some of the issues we encountered in designing and implementing YAF, along with some background on some of the technologies that we chose for implementation. In addition we will describe some of our experiences in deploying and operating YAF in large-scale networks.
A fast analog circuit yield estimation method for medium and high dimensional problems

Yield estimation for analog integrated circuits remains a time-consuming operation in variation-aware sizing. State-of-the-art statistical methods such as ranking-integrated Quasi-Monte-Carlo (QMC), suffer from performance degradation if the number of effective variables is large (as typically is the case for realistic analog circuits). To address this problem, a new method, called AYLeSS, is proposed to estimate the yield of analog circuits by introducing Latin Supercube Sampling (LSS) technique from the computational statistics field. Firstly, a partitioning method is proposed for analog circuits, whose purpose is to appropriately partition the process variation variables into low-dimensional sub-groups fitting for LSS sampling. Then, randomized QMC is used in each sub-group. In addition, the way to randomize the run order of samples in Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is used for the QMC sub-groups. AYLeSS is tested on 4 designs of 2 example circuits in 0. 35μm and 90nm technologies with yield from about 50% to 90%. Experimental results show that AYLeSS has approximately a 2 times speed enhancement compared with the best state-of-the-art method.
Sperm competition, alternative mating tactics and context-dependent fertilization success in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

Fertilization success in sperm competition is often determined by laboratory estimates of the proportion of offspring sired by the first (P1) or second (P2) male that mates. However, inferences from such data about how sexual selection acts on male traits in nature may be misleading if fertilization success depends on the biological context in which it is measured. We used the sterile male technique to examine the paternity of the same male in two mating contexts in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides, a species where males have alternative mating strategies based on the presence or absence of resources. We found no congruence in the paternity achieved by a given male when mating under different social conditions. P2 estimates were extremely variable under both conditions. Body size was unrelated to success in sperm competition away from a carcass but, most probably through pre-copulatory male–male competition, influenced fertilization success on a carcass. The contribution of sperm competition is therefore dependent on the conditions under which it is measured. We discuss our findings in relation to sperm competition theory and highlight the need to consider biological context in order to link copulation and fertilization success for competing males.
Ultra-wideband and adaptive microwave photonic signal processing

Microwave photonics merges the worlds of RF and photonics to enable new paradigms in the processing of high speed signals. Besides its inherent advantages of extremely high time-bandwidth product and natural immunity to electromagnetic interference, a fundamental benefit of photonic techniques for processing wideband electromagnetic systems is that the entire RF/mm-wave spectrum constitutes only a small fraction of the carrier optical frequency. This enables dynamic reconfiguration of the processor characteristics over multi-GHz bandwidths, and offers the ability to realise functions in microwave systems that are either very complex or, perhaps not even possible in the RF domain. This paper describes recent new advances in microwave photonic signal processors including ultra-wideband optically controlled phased array beamforming; widely tunable and switchable filters; wideband frequency converters; high-resolution multiple frequency microwave photonic measurement systems; and photonic RF memory structures.
Learning a fuzzy decision tree from uncertain data

Uncertainty in data exists when the value of a data item is not a precise value, but rather by an interval data with a probability distribution function, or a probability distribution of multiple values. Since there are intrinsic differences between uncertain and certain data, it is difficult to deal with uncertain data using traditional classification algorithms. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a fuzzy decision tree algorithm based on a classical ID3 algorithm, it integrates fuzzy set theory and ID3 to overcome the uncertain data classification problem. Besides, we propose a discretization algorithm that enables our proposed Fuzzy-ID3 algorithm to handle the interval data. Experimental results show that our Fuzzy-ID3 algorithm is a practical and robust solution to the problem of uncertain data classification and that it performs better than some of the existing algorithms.
Distributional Composition using Higher-Order Dependency Vectors

This paper concerns how to apply compositional methods to vectors based on grammatical dependency relation vectors. We demonstrate the potential of a novel approach which uses higher-order grammatical dependency relations as features. We apply the approach to adjective-noun compounds with promising results in the prediction of the vectors for (held-out) observed phrases.
Analyzing the scalability of managed language applications with speedup stacks

Understanding the reasons why multi-threaded applications do not achieve perfect scaling on modern multicore hardware is challenging. Furthermore, more and more modern programs are written in managed languages, which have extra service threads (e.g., to perform memory management), which may retard scalability and complicate performance analysis. In this paper, we extend speedup stacks, a previously-presented visualization tool to analyze multi-threaded program scalability, to managed applications. Speedup stacks are comprehensive bar graphs that break down an application's execution to explain the main causes of sublinear speedup, i.e., when some threads are not allowing the application to progress, and thus increasing the execution time. We not only expand speedup stacks to analyze how the managed language's service threads affect overall scalability, but also implement speedup stacks while running on native hardware. We monitor the application and service threads' scheduling behavior using light-weight OS kernel modules, incurring under 1% overhead running unmodified Java benchmarks. We add two performance delimiters targeting managed applications: garbage collection and main initialization activities. We analyze the scalability limitations of these benchmarks and the impact of using both a stop-the-world and a concurrent garbage collector with speedup stacks. Our visualization tool facilitates the identification of scalability bottlenecks both between application threads and of service threads, pointing developers to whether optimization should be focused on the language runtime or the application. Speedup stacks provide better program understanding for both program and system designers, which can help optimize multicore processor performance.
Intervenções psicossociais com grupos de idosos

Psychosocial interventions with groups are an important tool for the care of the elderly population and on the subject, there is a lack of teaching materials. The purpose of this article is to present suggestions for steps that can guide the group work with the elderly. The suggestions involve the intervention plan: the analysis of the demand, the context of the group and of the place where the activities will be carried out, the skills required to work with the elderly, the choice of the central theme of the proposed intervention, and the meetings structure, from first to last.
Efficiency, Selectivity, and Robustness of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport

All materials enter or exit the cell nucleus through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), efficient transport devices that combine high selectivity and throughput. NPC-associated proteins containing phenylalanine–glycine repeats (FG nups) have large, flexible, unstructured proteinaceous regions, and line the NPC. A central feature of NPC-mediated transport is the binding of cargo-carrying soluble transport factors to the unstructured regions of FG nups. Here, we model the dynamics of nucleocytoplasmic transport as diffusion in an effective potential resulting from the interaction of the transport factors with the flexible FG nups, using a minimal number of assumptions consistent with the most well-established structural and functional properties of NPC transport. We discuss how specific binding of transport factors to the FG nups facilitates transport, and how this binding and competition between transport factors and other macromolecules for binding sites and space inside the NPC accounts for the high selectivity of transport. We also account for why transport is relatively insensitive to changes in the number and distribution of FG nups in the NPC, providing an explanation for recent experiments where up to half the total mass of the FG nups has been deleted without abolishing transport. Our results suggest strategies for the creation of artificial nanomolecular sorting devices.
ShadowWalker: peer-to-peer anonymous communication using redundant structured topologies

Peer-to-peer approaches to anonymous communication promise to eliminate the scalability concerns and central vulnerability points of current networks such as Tor. However, the P2P setting introduces many new opportunities for attack, and previous designs do not provide an adequate level of anonymity. We propose ShadowWalker: a new low-latency P2P anonymous communication system, based on a random walk over a redundant structured topology. We base our design on shadows that redundantly check and certify neighbor information; these certifications enable nodes to perform random walks over the structured topology while avoiding route capture and other attacks. We analytically calculate the anonymity provided by ShadowWalker and show that it performs well for moderate levels of attackers, and is much better than the state of the art. We also design an extension that improves forwarding performance at a slight anonymity cost, while at the same time protecting against selective DoS attacks. We show that our system has manageable overhead and can handle moderate churn, making it an attractive new design for P2P anonymous communication.
The effect of music on impulsivity in college undergraduate students with attention deficits

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of music listening on impulsivity as judged by the Conners’ Continuous Performance Test (CPT) II v. 5. College undergraduate students were recruited into one of two groups and were administered a computer task (CPT) to complete in an initial condition, a music condition, and a silence condition. One group of participants had no diagnosed history of ADHD while the other participant group had a history of ADHD. The initial condition served as an opportunity for each participant to take the CPT with the researcher present to allow each participant to ask questions before taking the test alone; each participant was then taken to a separate testing room. As all participants were tested in all three conditions, the remaining two (music and silence) were randomly assigned to control for order effect. The music condition involved taking the CPT alone in the testing room with “In a Mello Tone” by Count Basie playing in the background during the test administration. The piece was manipulated to have a tempo of mm = 124 and looped to last the entirety of the CPT (14 minutes). Each participant was administered the CPT in a silence condition, in which the participant was alone in the testing room without other provided stimuli. The final sample was N = 51 with n = 26 enrolled in the typical group and n = 25 enrolled in the group with attention deficits. A significant main effect difference was found by group: the typical group exhibited lower impulsivity levels as compared to the ADHD group based on Commission mean scores. Additionally, significant main effect differences were found by condition (initial, music, and silence). Both the factors of group and condition appear to be independent as no interaction was found. Implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Securing ad hoc networks

Ad hoc networks are a new wireless networking paradigm for mobile hosts. Unlike traditional mobile wireless networks, ad hoc networks do not rely on any fixed infrastructure. Instead, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. Military tactical and other security-sensitive operations are still the main applications of ad hoc networks, although there is a trend to adopt ad hoc networks for commercial uses due to their unique properties. One main challenge in the design of these networks is their vulnerability to security attacks. In this article, we study the threats on ad hoc network faces and the security goals to be achieved. We identify the new challenges and opportunities posed by this new networking environment and explore new approaches to secure its communication. In particular, we take advantage of the inherent redundancy in ad hoc networks-multiple routes between nodes-to defend routing against denial-of-service attacks. We also use replication and new cryptographic schemes, such as threshold cryptography, to build a highly secure and highly available key management service, which terms the core of our security framework.
Using static analysis for automatic assessment and mitigation of unwanted and malicious activities within Android applications

In the last decade, smartphones have gained widespread usage. Since the advent of online application stores, hundreds of thousands of applications have become instantly available to millions of smart-phone users. Within the Android ecosystem, application security is governed by digital signatures and a list of coarse-grained permissions. However, this mechanism is not fine-grained enough to provide the user with a sufficient means of control of the applications' activities. Abuse of highly sensible private information such as phone numbers without users' notice is the result. We show that there is a high frequency of privacy leaks even among widely popular applications. Together with the fact that the majority of the users are not proficient in computer security, this presents a challenge to the engineers developing security solutions for the platform. Our contribution is twofold: first, we propose a service which is able to assess Android Market applications via static analysis and provide detailed, but readable reports to the user. Second, we describe a means to mitigate security and privacy threats by automated reverse-engineering and refactoring binary application packages according to the users' security preferences.
Assessment of Genetic Variability and Structuring of Riverine Buffalo Population (Bubalus bubalis) of Indo-Gangetic Basin

The buffalo population of Uttar Pradesh (UP) constitutes 26.1% of the total buffalo population of India, yet this population has not been classified into distinct breeds or subpopulations due to lack of systematic study. Genetic variation at 30 microsatellite loci was examined and statistical analysis was carried out to reveal genetic diversity, demographic parameters of these buffaloes and to investigate the existence of population substructures underlying geographical distribution. The mean number of alleles per locus was 13.26 and mean effective number of alleles was 3.74, whereas mean observed and expected heterozygosities were found to be 0.57 and 0.67 in UP buffaloes. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on allele frequency data revealed subclustering of UP buffalo population. Bayesian analysis result also revealed clear membership of individuals into five clusters indicating a genetic subdivision within the UP buffalo population. The buffaloes of Western and Central regions of UP were subtly separated while buffaloes of Tarai area and Bhadawari buffaloes revealed distinctive population structure. The buffaloes of Mau, Ballia and Ghazipur districts of Eastern region also had a distinctive genetic structure. The analysis of data on buffaloes of Indo-Gangetic plains revealed that population was in mutation drift equilibrium. The observed mean M ratio in the population was above the critical significance value (Mc) suggesting that it has not suffered any severe reduction in effective population size. The statistical tests revealed a historical constancy of size of buffalo in this geographical area. The high level of genetic variability indicates UP buffalo population is a vast reservoir of genetic diversity and this shall help in taking informed conservation decisions and sustainable utilization.
Development of mammalian embryos in vitro with increased atmospheric pressure.

Embryo sensitivity to pressure was determined by culturing preimplantation embryos of the rabbit, rat and mouse at atmospheric pressures of 1-64 in. H20 above ambient. The proportion of embryos that attained the blastocyst stage during culture was the criterion used to assess pressure sensitivity. A pressure of 64 in. H20 was detrimental to 2to 4-cell rabbit embryos. However, lower pressures enhanced development of rabbit and rat embryos as evidenced by the significant quadratic response found. The development of 2and 8-cell mouse embryos was less affected by increased pressures up to 64 in. h1 O. At this pressure, significantly fewer 8-cell mouse embryos developed into blastocysts. Pressures of 16 in. H,O for the 2to 4-cell rabbit embryo and 4 in. for 8-cell rat and 2-cell mouse embryos appear to enhance development above that obtained at low pressures.