Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring attachment and parental bonding in psychosis and its clinical implications

Background. Attachment theory proposes that psychological functioning and affect regulations are influenced by the attachment we form with others. Early relationships with parents or caregivers lay the foundations for attachment styles. These styles are proposed to influence how we relate to others during our life can be modified by the relationships and events we experience in our lifespan. A secure attachment style is associated with a capacity to manage distress, comfort with autonomy and the ability to form relationships with others, whereas insecure attachment can lead to dysfunctional relationships, emotional and behaviour avoidance. Attachment theory provides a useful framework to inform our understanding of relationship difficulties in people with psychosis. This paper aims to complement recent systematic reviews by providing an overview of attachment theory, its application to psychosis, including an understanding of measurement issues and the clinical implications offered. Method. A narrative review was completed of the measures of attachment and parental bonding in psychosis. Its clinical implications are also discussed. The paper also explores the link between insecure attachment styles and illness course, social functioning and symptomatology. The following questions are addressed: What are the key attachment measures that have been used within the attachment and psychosis literature? What are the results of studies that have measured attachment or parental bonding in psychosis and what clinical implications can we derive from it? What are some of the key questions for future research from these findings in relation to the onset of psychosis research field? Results. The most commonly used measures of attachment in psychosis research are reviewed. Self-report questionnaires and semi-structured interviews have mainly been used to examine attachment styles in adult samples and in recent years comprise a measure specifically developed for a psychosis group. The review suggests that insecure attachment styles are common in psychosis samples. Key relationships were observed between insecure, avoidant and anxious attachment styles and psychosis development, expression and long-term outcome. Conclusions. Attachment theory can provide a useful framework to facilitate our understanding of interpersonal difficulties in psychosis that may predate its onset and impact on observed variability in outcomes, including treatment engagement. Greater attention should be given to the assessment of attachment needs and to the development of interventions that seek to compensate for these difficulties. However, further investigations are required on specifying the exact mechanisms by which specific attachment styles impact on the development of psychosis and its course.
Fully-Integrated Optofluidic Trap with Linear Microsphere Array

A linear array of micron diameter polystyrene spheres is trapped using a dual-beam fiber-optic trap fully-integrated within a microfluidic chip. The average particle spacing is sensitive to the number of particles in the trap. Maxwell's stress tensor analysis agrees well with the experiments. This fully integrated optical trap environment may be extended to the manipulation and analysis of biological samples.
Quality of Life of Caregivers and Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis at Ministry of Health, Jordan

Quality of life (QOL) has become an important aspect in assessing the burden of chronic disease. A crosssectional study was conducted from August to November 2010 at Ministry of Health (MOH), Jordan. The aims of the study were; to measure the patients’ and caregivers’ QOL, and subsequently to compare QOL of patients and caregivers with general population. RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0 Arabic version was used to assess the QOL. One hundred thirty-eight patients and forty-nine caregivers were involved in the study. Patients’ QOL score was less than their caregiver and both have poorer QOL compared to general population. Patients’ and caregivers’ Physical Component Summary (PCS) were negatively correlated with their age. Moreover, caregivers’ Mental Component Summary (MCS) was negatively correlated with their age. Single patients have higher PCS than married and widowed. Working patients have higher PCS than not working and retired. However there was no correlation between patients’ and caregivers’ QOL. In conclusion, patients’ and caregivers’ QOL were found to be considerable impaired compared to general population.
Innovative trends in human resource management: a case study of Lithuanian and Latvian organisations

The article discusses innovative trends and significant aspects of human resource management practices in the context of high-performance human resource management regarding the challenges of sustainable development and the needs of innovations deployment to management practice. The authors carried out a theoretical analysis of various significant functional areas of human resource management practices and a comparative expert evaluation of the situation in Lithuanian and Latvian organisations under the conditions of European integration. A theoretical analysis shows that innovative trends in human resource management are related to the integration of sustainable development ideas and principles of social responsibility and flexicurity in human resource management practices. The results of expert evaluation of human resource management practical areas in the organisations of Latvia and Lithuania convey the trends of human resource management development in terms of a set of performance enhancing human resource management practices. The directions for future research of the innovative trend in effective human resource management practices are proposed.
Bargaining, vertical mergers and entry

This paper analyzes vertical integration incentives in a bilaterally duopolistic industry where upstream producers bargain with downstream retailers on terms of supply. In the applied framework integration does not affect the total output produced, but it affects the distribution of rents among players. Vertical integration incentives depend on the strength of substitutability or complementarity between products and the shape of the unit cost function. I demonstrate furthermore that in contrast to the widely prevailing view in competition policy, vertical integration can under particular circumstances convey more bargaining power to the merged entity than a horizontal merger to monopoly. The model is applied to analyze strategic merger incentives to influence entry decisions. Mergers can facilitate and deter entry. While horizontal mergers to deter entry are never profitable, firms on different market levels may strategically choose to integrate vertically to keep a potential entrant out of the market. I provide conditions for such entry-deterring vertical mergers to occur.
Embedding Applications within a Storage Appliance

Storage densities for magnetic media have improved over the last decade at a rate that exceeds that of Moore’s Law. The pace of this technological advance has resulted in dramatic cost decreases for hard disk storage systems, and as a result, many organizations find it less expensive to simply “save everything” rather than incur the expense to determine what must be saved and what can be safely discarded. Emails, memos, customer correspondence, current product information, obsolete product information, raw sensor data from the plant control systems, literally all of it is stored on magnetic disk, and all of it gets saved.
Year : 2014 SA-UZH : Verb-based Sentiment Analysis

This paper describes the details of our system submitted to the SemEval-2014 shared task about aspect-based sentiment analysis on review texts. We participated in subtask 2 (prediction of the polarity of aspect terms) and 4 (prediction of the polarity of aspect categories). Our approach to determine the sentiment of aspect terms and categories is based on linguistic preprocessing, including a compositional analysis and a verb resource, task-specific feature engineering and supervised machine learning techniques. We used a Logistic Regression classifier to make predictions, which were ranked above-average in the shared task.
Controls on microbial CO2 production: a comparison of surface and subsurface soil horizons

Although a significant amount of the organic C stored in soil resides in subsurface horizons, the dynamics of subsurface C stores are not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine if changes in soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient levels have similar effects on the mineralization of surface (0–25 cm) and subsurface (below 25 cm) C stores. Samples were collected from a 2 m deep unsaturated mollisol profile located near Santa Barbara, CA, USA. In a series of experiments, we measured the influence of nutrient additions (N and P), soil temperature (10–35°C), and soil water potential (−0.5 to −10 MPa) on the microbial mineralization of native soil organic C. Surface and subsurface soils were slightly different with respect to the effects of water potential on microbial CO2 production; C mineralization rates in surface soils were more affected by conditions of moderate drought than rates in subsurface soils. With respect to the effects of soil temperature and nutrient levels on C mineralization rates, subsurface horizons were significantly more sensitive to increases in temperature or nutrient availability than surface horizons. The mean Q10 value for C mineralization rates was 3.0 in surface horizons and 3.9 in subsurface horizons. The addition of either N or P had negligible effects on microbial CO2 production in surface soil layers; in the subsurface horizons, the addition of either N or P increased CO2 production by up to 450% relative to the control. The results of these experiments suggest that alterations of the soil environment may have different effects on CO2 production through the profile and that the mineralization of subsurface C stores may be particularly susceptible to increases in temperature or nutrient inputs to soil.
The auditory p300-based SSBCI: A door to minimally conscious patients?

In this study we report on the evaluation of a novel auditory single-switch BCI in nine patients diagnosed with MCS. The task included a simple and a complex oddball paradigm, the latter uses the tone stream segregation phenomenon. In all patients a significant difference between deviant and frequent tones could be observed in EEG. However, in some cases the deviant tones produce a significant negative peak and in some a very late positive peak. These preliminary findings are relevant in order to address future customization of this auditory ssBCI-based paradigm for unresponsive patients.
Looking after business: linking existing customers to profitability

Claims that a supermarket’s most loyal customers are around 1,000 times more profitable than its least loyal. Takes the reader through all aspects of loyalty from getting to know your best customers, through how to reward them, to the science of customer loyalty; how to measure a customer’s lifetime value and the effectiveness of your scheme. Analyses existing schemes around the world in retailing (including supermarkets and petrol retailing), travel, leisure, finance and motoring industries. Investigates customer loyalty techniques for business to business, independent retailers, brands, newspapers, utilities, dental supplies, computing and town loyalty.
Chitinase 3‐like‐1 promotes intrahepatic activation of coagulation through induction of tissue factor in mice

Coagulation is a critical component in the progression of liver disease. Identification of key molecules involved in the intrahepatic activation of coagulation (IAOC) will be instrumental in the development of effective therapies against liver disease. Using a mouse model of concanavalin A (ConA)‐induced hepatitis, in which IAOC plays an essential role in causing liver injury, we uncovered a procoagulant function of chitinase 3‐like 1 (Chi3l1). Chi3l1 expression is dramatically elevated after ConA challenge, which is dependent on ConA‐induced T cell activation and the resulting interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α productions. Compared with wild‐type mice, Chi3l1−/− mice show less IAOC, reduced tissue factor (TF) expression, and attenuated liver injury. Reconstituting Chi3l1−/− mice with recombinant TF triggers IAOC and augments liver injury. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that Chi3l1, through induction of TF via mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation, promotes IAOC and tissue injury. (Hepatology 2018;67:2384‐2396).
Organising Global CSR A Case Study of Hewlett-Packard's e-inclusion Initiative

Perhaps few other contemporary phenomena have evinced such simultaneous attention, interest and scrutiny as has corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the wake of globalisation. Scholars and practitioners continue to grapple with a gamut of related issues, yet a relatively unexplored area is that of organising CSR in the global context. Using Hewlett-Packard’s e-inclusion initiative as a case in point, this study presents a framework of structuring options available to global corporations. To better explicate the challenges involved in organising global CSR, some indicative factors that might impact the level of globalisation and/or localisation of a corporation’s CSR initiatives are also discussed. The study concludes that, in conceptualising global CSR, it is difficult to cast programmes as being entirely global or local; instead, depending on their unique nature and the scope of implementation, global CSR initiatives might fall along a continuum. ● Corporate social responsibility (CSR) ● Globalisation ● Organising ● Emerging markets ● Information technology ● Multinational corporations
The bcl-2 gene product prevents programmed cell death of ventricular myocytes.

BACKGROUND To formally test whether the antiapoptotic protein bcl-2 would prevent programmed cell death in cardiac muscle cells provoked by p53, a known trigger of apoptosis in a variety of different cell types, we used replication defective adenovirus encoding either the bcl-2 and p53 genes to deliver bcl-2 and p53 to ventricular myocytes with high efficiency and uniformity. METHODS AND RESULTS Vital staining of ventricular myocytes revealed a significant (7-fold, P<.05) increase in myocyte cell death in the presence of p53 in contrast to uninfected cells or those infected with a control virus. In addition, in the presence of p53, nucleosomal DNA fragmentation observed by Hoescht 33258 staining and terminal transferase deoxynucleotide end labeling indicated a significant increase in apoptotic cardiac nuclei compared with control cells, confirming the hypothesis that p53 alone is sufficient to trigger apoptosis of ventricular myocytes. Moreover, a significant increase in transcription of the bax promoter was seen in the presence but not in the absence of p53 compared with control cells. Expression of the antiapoptotic gene bcl-2 in ventricular myocytes was sufficient to prevent ventricular myocyte death and apoptosis provoked by p53. Importantly, the antiapoptotic effects of bcl-2 were independent of altered p53 expression or localization of p53 to cardiac nuclei. However, p53 dependent transcription of bax was repressed 4-fold (P<.05) by bcl-2, suggesting a tentative link between p53-mediated apoptosis and the protective properties conferred by bcl-2 in ventricular myocytes. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, the data provide the first indication for the operation of bcl-2 in ventricular myocytes as an antiapoptotic factor.
The Use of Loan Loss Provisions for Capital Management, Earnings Management and Signalling By Australian Banks

The objective of this study is to examine whether and to what extent Australian banks use loan loss provisions (LLPs) for capital management, earnings management and signalling. We examine if there were changes in the use of LLPs due to the implementation of banking regulations consistent with the Basel Accord of 1988 which made loan loss reserves no longer part of Tier I capital in the numerator of the capital adequacy ratio. We find some evidence to indicate that Australian banks use LLPs for capital management, but no evidence of a change in this behaviour after the implementation of the Basel Accord. Our results indicate that banks in Australia use LLPs to manage earnings. Further, listed commercial banks engage more aggressively in earnings management using LLPs than unlisted commercial banks. We also find that earnings management behaviour is more pronounced in the post-Basel period. Overall, we find a significant understating of LLPs in the post-Basel period relative to the pre-Basel period. This indicates that reported earnings may not reflect the true economic reality underlying those numbers. Finally, Australian banks do not appear to use LLPs for signalling future intentions of higher earnings to investors.
Refined structure of bovine carbonic anhydrase III at 2.0 Å resolution

The three‐dimensional structure of bovine carbonic anhydrase III (BCA III) from red skeletal muscle cells has been determined by molecular replacement methods. The structure has been refined at 2.0 Å resolution by both constrained and restrained structure‐factor least squares refinement. The current crystallographic R‐value is 19.2% and 121 solvent molecules have so far been found associated with the protein. The structure is highly similar to the refined structure of human carbonic anhydrase II. Some differences in amino acid sequence and structure between the two isoenzymes are discussed. In BCA III, Lys 64 and Arg 91 (His 64 and Ile 91 in HCA II) are both pointing out from the active site cavity forming salt bridges with Glu 4 and Asp 72 (His 4 and Asp 72 in HCA II), respectively. However, Arg 67 and Phe 198 (Asn 67 and Leu 198 in HCA II) are oriented towards the zinc ion and significantly reduce the volume of the active site cavity. Phe 198 particularly reduces the size of the substrate binding region at the “deep water” position at the bottom of the cavity and we sugest that this is one of the major reasons for the differences in catalytic properties of isoenzyme III as compared to isozyme II. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Meiotic crossing‐over in the regions of homology between homeologous chromosomes V

Homeologous chromosomes V of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis virtually do not recombine in meiosis. Artificially created short regions of homology were found toinduce meiotic crossing‐over if they contained sequences located upstream of the S. carlsbergensis ILVI gene. Heterozygous restriction site markers were introduced withinthe 1.1 kb region of homology to monitor conversion events associated with the crossovers. In the presence of five heterozygosities, 85% of crossovers showed associated conversion. Crossovers with no detected conversion were found in the two largest (0.34 and 0.29 kb) intervals, into which the 1.1 kb region was divided by the introduction of the five markers, whereas the shortest conversion tracts observed did not exceed 0.26 kb. Several lines of evidence suggest that each crossover required a formation of heteroduplex DNA with the considerable minimal length of ∼200–260 bp. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HRM Practice Clusters in Relation to Size and Performance: An Empirical Investigation in Canadian Manufacturing SMEs

Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate whether the most successful small businesses (SMEs) can be distinguished from the less successful ones by their resorting more extensively to certain clusters of human resource management (HRM) practices. The result of sampling 176 Canadian manufacturing SMEs contributes substantially to answer this question. It turns out from the analyses that different clusters of practices are associated with the performance of an SME, whether it is a greater ability to retain employees or to encourage growth and innovation. More precisely, the practices of dissemination of information and of incentive compensation (bonuses, profit sharing and stock ownership) are associated with employee retention; the practice of involvement in decision-making is associated with innovation and the practices of job descriptions, recruitment, and performance appraisal, are associated with growth. Another interesting finding is that one can reduce the number of HRM practices applied in SMEs to a lesser number of clusters, which could facilitate further modeling in research attempting to establish causal relationships between HRM practices and the performance of manufacturing SMEs.
CNTF variants with increased biological potency and receptor selectivity define a functional site of receptor interaction.

Human CNTF is a neurocytokine that elicits potent neurotrophic effects by activating a receptor complex composed of the ligand‐specific alpha‐receptor subunit (CNTFR alpha) and two signal transducing proteins, which together constitute a receptor for leukemia inhibitory factor (LIFR). At high concentrations, CNTF can also activate the LIFR and possibly other cross‐reactive cytokine receptors in the absence of CNTFR alpha. To gain a better understanding of its structure‐function relationships and to develop analogs with increased receptor specificity, the cytokine was submitted to affinity maturation using phage display technology. Variants with greatly increased CNTFR alpha affinity were selected from a phage‐displayed library of CNTF variants carrying random amino acid substitutions in the putative D helix. Selected variants contained substitutions of the wild‐type Gln167 residue, either alone or in combination with neighboring mutations. These results provide evidence for an important functional role of the mutagenized region in CNTFR alpha binding. Affinity enhancing mutations conferred to CNTF increased potency to trigger biological effects mediated by CNTFR alpha and enhanced neurotrophic activity on chicken ciliary neurons. In contrast, the same mutations did not potentiate the CNTFR alpha‐independent receptor actions of CNTF. These CNTF analogs thus represent receptor‐specific superagonists, which should help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pleiotropic actions of the neurocytokine.
Audit Quality, Timely Disclosure, and the Cost of Debt： Tunisian Evidence

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of auditor type and earnings reporting lag on the cost of debt for the Tunisian setting. Our sample consists of 32 Tunisian companies for the period of 2003-2012. Audit quality is measured by auditor size (Big 4 versus non-Big 4) and timely disclosure is proxied by earnings reporting lag. Results show that auditor type is negatively associated with the cost of debt. By contrast, the association between earnings announcement lag and the cost of debt is positive and significant. When testing for the moderating effects of industry and listing status, we document that these associations are more pronounced for industrial companies and listed firms. Finally, the period of investigation slightly moderates the examined associations, since financial institutions become more sensitive to the tardy communication of information and less concerned with auditor type following some economic and political troubles in Tunisia between 2010 and 2012. Our findings have policy implications for managers in the Tunisian setting and other developing economies similar to Tunisia given the crucial role played by debt as an important source of external finance for companies.