Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feature extraction and classification of human motions with LFMCW radar

The use of micro-Doppler radar signatures for feature extraction and classification of human activities has become a focus recently thanks to the discovering of micro-Doppler effect. Compared with the traditional Doppler radar, LFMCW radar is able to distinguish Multi-objective and detect target range. In this paper, we analyze the difference between running and walking which are based on Boulic model with Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) in time-frequency domain and give four features. After that, image processing is used to extract micro-Doppler spectrogram envelop and feature extraction. Classification on human activities with K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) is introduced. Finally, this method is verified by five human activities using LFMCW radar developed in the laboratory.
Normalized Information Distance and Whole Mitochondrial Genome Phylogeny Analysis

A new class of similarity measures aimed at measuring the evolutionary relation of sequences is studied. A prime example is the “normalized information distance”, based on the noncomputable notion of Kolmogorov complexity. We demonstrate that it is a metric, takes values in [0, 1], and is universal. To apply it (and some related metrics) we use a simple approximation scheme to computationally compare whole mitochondrial genomes and infer their evolutionary history. This results in a first completely automatic computed whole mitochondrial phylogeny tree.
DiVinE 2.0: High-Performance Model Checking

We present a tool for parallel enumerative LTL model-checking and reachability analysis. The tool brings model checking to high-powered multi-core systems, as well as high-performance clusters. Boasting pluggable modelling language framework, it is possible to leverage the available parallel algorithms for multiple problem domains, by using suitable input language.
FLASH FLOOD FORECASTING USING WEATHER RADAR AND SATELLITE DATA FOR URBAN CATCHMENT IN RIO DE JANEIRO

According to the World Meteorological Organization, flash floods are the most lethal form of natural hazard (based upon the ratio of fatalities to people affected), and cause millions of dollars in property damage every year. This type of hydrometeorological disaster depends on land surface and atmospheric specifics conditions. A combination of a high rainfall rate with rapid and often efficient runoff production process is common to most events. In Brazil, flash floods can be deadly. Recently in January 2011, landslides, debris flow and flash flood processes in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro caused more than 900 fatal victims. During 3 days, the rainfall achieved almost 400 mm, a rate 71% higher than the month average. Despite the significance of these events, few countries in the world have already implemented flash flood warning systems. This is due in part to the technical complexity of predicting extreme events with enough confidence and lead time to take precautionary action. Since flash floods processes happen in the same temporal and spatial scale of severe storms, this paper aims to provide analyses of case studies simulating real-time flash flood forecasting, with high resolution weather radar and satellite rainfall estimates in an urban catchment in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro. Results indicate that at least some of flash floods can be predicted by the physically based distributed hydrologic modeling, even for shot-lived events on small catchments. Based on the limited observations available, validation indicates that there is good agreement of rising limb of hydrograph between simulated peak discharge and peak discharge observed. This technique has been developed by the Brazilian Centre for Monitoring and Warnings of Natural Disaster (Cemaden) and will be tested in operational environment for pilot catchments in following rainy season, improving flash floods early warnings in Brazil.
Suppression of Phase Synchronization in Scale-Free Neural Networks Using External Pulsed Current Protocols

The synchronization of neurons is fundamental for the functioning of the brain since its lack or excess may be related to neurological disorders, such as autism, Parkinson’s and neuropathies such as epilepsy. In this way, the study of synchronization, as well as its suppression in coupled neurons systems, consists of an important multidisciplinary research field where there are still questions to be answered. Here, through mathematical modeling and numerical approach, we simulated a neural network composed of 5000 bursting neurons in a scale-free connection scheme where non-trivial synchronization phenomenon is observed. We proposed two different protocols to the suppression of phase synchronization, which is related to deep brain stimulation and delayed feedback control. Through an optimization process, it is possible to suppression the abnormal synchronization in the neural network.
The Effects of Substituting True Protein with Non-Protein Nitrogen in Holstein Dairy Heifers Precision-Fed Different Forage to Concentrate Ratios

4 INTRODUCTION 5 MATERIALS AND METHODS 7 Animals and Experimental Design 7 Fecal, Urine, and Feed Sample Collection and Analysis 8 Ruminal Sampling 8 Statistical Analyses 9 RESULTS 11 Nutrient Intake 11 Diet Digestibility 11 N Dynamics 12 DISCUSSION 13 Dietary Fiber Digestibility 13 Protein Sources and their Utilization 14 CONCLUSION 16 REFERENCES 17 APPENDIX 20
Quadratic Sample Entropy and Multiscale Quadratic Sample Entropy of the Electroencephalogram in Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction Non-linear analysis techniques have been reported as a way of characterizing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from electroencephalograms (EEG), which could be utilised for early and more accurate detection of the disease. Among them, entropy has been used increasingly for EEG studies since the introduction of Approximate Entropy (ApEn) and Sample Entropy (SampEn). A newly developed entropy measure, Quadratic Sample Entropy (QSE), overcomes some limitations of these methods by ‘normalizing the match count to the volume of the matching region’ [1]. Another technique, Multiscale Entropy (MSE) [2] aims to calculate the SampEn of data over a range of time scales by coarse graining time series i.e. the EEG before calculating the entropy, giving more information on the brain complexity. In this pilot study we have used QSE and a novel approach of combining MSE with QSE (MSEQSE) to identify changes in electrical activity in the brain caused by AD.
DEVS simulation of peer-to-peer file-sharing

We present a framework to simulate a peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing network, based on the Discrete Event Systems Specification (DEVS) formalism. Our framework models a file-sharing network as a coupled model, comprising a network model and a large number of peer models. While most available network simulation tools focus on transportlevel dynamics, we provide extensible and reusable models for the file-sharing protocol and for the behavior of peers. These models, implemented using the CD++ toolkit, can readily be used on existing simulators, including parallel and real-time simulators. As a case study, we apply our framework to simulate a P2P web, and show the emergence of an interesting page distribution.
A Drosophila larval premotor/motor neuron connectome generating two behaviors via distinct spatio-temporal muscle activity

Animals generate diverse motor behaviors, yet how the same motor neurons generate distinct behaviors remains an open question. Drosophila larvae have multiple behaviors – e.g. forward crawling, backward crawling, self-righting and escape – and all of the body wall motor neurons (MNs) driving these behaviors have been identified. Despite impressive progress in mapping larval motor circuits, the role of most motor neurons in locomotion remains untested, the majority of premotor neurons (PMNs) remain to be identified, and a full understanding of proprioceptor-PMN-MN connectivity is missing. Here we report a comprehensive larval proprioceptor-PMN-MN connectome; describe individual muscle/MN phase activity during both forward and backward locomotor behaviors; identify PMN-MN connectivity motifs that could generate muscle activity phase relationships, plus selected experimental validation; identify proprioceptor-PMN connectivity that provides an anatomical explanation for the role of proprioception in promoting locomotor velocity; and identify a new candidate escape motor circuit. Finally, we generate a recurrent network model that produces the observed sequence of motor activity, showing that the identified pool of premotor neurons is sufficient to generate two distinct larval behaviors. We conclude that different locomotor behaviors can be generated by a specific group of premotor neurons generating behavior-specific motor rhythms.
Confidence bands for densities, logarithmic point of view

Let f be a probability density and C be an interval on which f is bounded away from zero. By establishing the limiting distribution of the uniform error of the kernel estimates fn of f, Bickel and Rosenblatt (1973) provide con- dence bands Bn for f on C with asymptotic level 1 2)0; 1(. Each of the condence intervals whose union gives Bn has an asymptotic level equal to one; pointwise moderate deviations principles allow to prove that all these intervals share the same logarithmic asymptotic level. Now, as soon as both pointwise and uniform moderate deviations principles for fn exist, they share the same asymp- totics. Taking this observation as a starting point, we present a new approach for the construction of condence bands for f, based on the use of moderate deviations principles. The advantages of this approach are the following: (i) it enables to construct condence bands, which have the same width (or even a smaller width) as the condence bands provided by Bickel and Rosenblatt (1973),but which have a better aymptotic level; (ii) any condence band constructed in that way shares the same logarithmic asymptotic level as all the condence intervals, which make up this condence band; (iii) it allows to deal with all the dimensions in the same way; (iv) it enables to sort out the problem of providing condence bands for f on compact sets on which f vanishes (or on all R d ), by introducing a truncating operation.
Evaluating reconfigurable dataflow computing using the Himeno benchmark

Heterogeneous computing using FPGA accelerators is a promising approach to boost the performance of application programs within given power consumption. This paper focuses on optimizations targeting FPGA-based reconfigurable dataflow computing platform, and shows how they benefit an application. In order to evaluate them, we use the Himeno benchmark, which is a floating point computation kernel known to be bound by memory bandwidth. To understand the performance characteristics of the benchmark, we compare it with the current state-of-the-art implementation on GPUs. From the results, we find that our implementation with specialized dataflow pipelines outperforms the current state-of-the-art GPU implementations by making full use of memory locality.
A Context-Aware Blogging and Learning Service in Mobile IPv6 Networks

Recently, the development of mobile services is becoming more popular. The mobile applications will not only take advantage of contextual information, such as location-awareness, to offer greater services to a mobile host (MH) but maintain existing transport-layer connections as the MH moves from one location to another. This paper exhausts our most recent work: the AcoustaNomad project. AcoustaNomad not only uses the mobile IPv6 to maintain the existing connections even if the MH changes locations and addresses, but utilizes location-aware technique to detect what kind of services the new location provides. In addition, AcoustaNomad shows two mature mobile applications: mobile learning and audio blogging. This paper proposes the architecture of AcoustaNomad and experimental results that demonstrate the ability of AcoustaNomad to enable location-aware services and applications.
A Large-Scale Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetic Study Identifies Association at Chromosome 9q33.2

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease affecting both joints and extra-articular tissues. Although some genetic risk factors for RA are well-established, most notably HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22, these markers do not fully account for the observed heritability. To identify additional susceptibility loci, we carried out a multi-tiered, case-control association study, genotyping 25,966 putative functional SNPs in 475 white North American RA patients and 475 matched controls. Significant markers were genotyped in two additional, independent, white case-control sample sets (661 cases/1322 controls from North America and 596 cases/705 controls from The Netherlands) identifying a SNP, rs1953126, on chromosome 9q33.2 that was significantly associated with RA (ORcommon = 1.28, trend Pcomb = 1.45E-06). Through a comprehensive fine-scale-mapping SNP-selection procedure, 137 additional SNPs in a 668 kb region from MEGF9 to STOM on 9q33.2 were chosen for follow-up genotyping in a staged-approach. Significant single marker results (Pcomb<0.01) spanned a large 525 kb region from FBXW2 to GSN. However, a variety of analyses identified SNPs in a 70 kb region extending from the third intron of PHF19 across TRAF1 into the TRAF1-C5 intergenic region, but excluding the C5 coding region, as the most interesting (trend Pcomb: 1.45E-06 → 5.41E-09). The observed association patterns for these SNPs had heightened statistical significance and a higher degree of consistency across sample sets. In addition, the allele frequencies for these SNPs displayed reduced variability between control groups when compared to other SNPs. Lastly, in combination with the other two known genetic risk factors, HLA-DRB1 and PTPN22, the variants reported here generate more than a 45-fold RA-risk differential.
The Inter-cell Interference Suppression Algorithm Based on the JP-CoMP and Performance Simulation

Inter-cell interference is serious in LTE-Advance (LTE-A) system and the existing interference suppression technique cannot solve this issue very well. So Coordinated Multi-Point transmission/reception (CoMP) technology is proposed in LTE-A system. Under the study of CoMP system model, this paper designs a new joint scheduling method and proposes an inter-cell interference suppression algorithm based on the JP-CoMP. The algorithm can eliminate inter-cell interference by the new joint scheduling method between multiple coordinative base stations and joint precoding technique. The paper also summarizes and analyzes the different methods for generating coordinative cluster (such as dynamic generating, semi-dynamic generating and static generating). The simulation results show that the inter-cell interference suppression algorithm based on the JP-CoMP can bring about 5 dB SINR gain and about 49%-89% cell edge throughput gain. Moreover, the method for generating coordinative cluster also has an impact on the performance of the algorithm. The algorithm performs best when it using dynamic generating method, followed by semi-dynamic generating method and it performs worst static using generating method among the three.
Beyond Distance: An Approach to Measure Effective Access to Case Management for Sick Children in Africa

Health planners commonly use geographic proximity to define access to health services. However, effective access to case management requires reliable access to a trained, supplied provider. We defined effective access as the proportion of the study population with geographic access, corrected for other barriers, staffing patterns, and medicine availability. We measured effective access through a cross-sectional survey of 32 health facilities in Malawi, Mali, and Zambia and modeled the potential contribution of community case management (CCM). The population living within Ministry of Health (MOH)–defined geographic access was 43% overall (range = 18–52%), but effective access was only 14% overall (range = 9–17%). Implementing CCM as per MOH plans increased geographic access to 63–90% and effective access to 30–57%. Access to case management is much worse than typically estimated by distance. The CCM increases access dramatically, again if providers are available and supplied, and should be considered even for those within MOH-defined access areas.
Radio properties of the low surface brightness SNR G65.2+5.7

Context. SNR G65.2+5.7 is one of few supernova remnants (SNRs) that have been optically detected. It is exceptionally bright in X-rays and the optical [O III]-line. Its low surface brightness and large diameter ensure that radio observations of SNR G65.2+5.7 are technically difficult and thus have hardly been completed. Aims. Many physical properties of this SNR, such as spectrum and polarization, can only be investigated by radio observations. Methods. The λ1 1 cm and λ6 cm continuum and polarization observations of SNR G65.2+5.7 were completed with the Effelsberg 100-m and the Urumqi 25-m telescopes, respectively, to investigate the integrated spectrum, the spectral index distribution, and the magnetic field properties. Archival λ21 cm data of the Effelsberg 100-m telescope were also used. Results. The integrated flux densities of G65.2+5.7 at λ11 cm and λ6 cm are 21.9 ± 3.1 Jy and 16.8 ± 1.8 Jy, respectively. The power-law spectrum (S ~ v α ) is well fitted by α = -0.58 ± 0.07 from 83 MHz to 4.8 GHz. Spatial spectral variations are small. Along the northern shell, strong depolarizion is observed at both wavelengths. The southern filamentary shell of SNR G65.2+5.7 is polarized by as much as 54% at λ6 cm. There is significant depolarization at λ11 cm and confusion with diffuse polarized Galactic emission. Using equipartition principle, we estimated the magnetic field strength for the southern filamentary shell to be between 20 μG (filling factor 1) and 50 μG (filling factor 0.1). A faint HI shell may be associated with the SNR. Conclusions. Despite its unusually strong X-ray and optical emission and its very low surface brightness, the radio properties of SNR G65.2+5.7 are found to be typical of evolved shell-type SNRs. SNR G65.2+5.7 may be expanding in a pre-blown cavity as indicated by a deficit of HI gas and a possible HI-shell.
Auto-focusing system for microscope based on computational verb controllers

In this paper, an auto-focusing system of microscope for integrated circuits (IC) analysis is presented. In this system, the Laplacian algorithm is used as the evaluation function, which provides a reference to the degree of defocus. The auto-focusing controlling algorithm based on computational verb theory consists of two controllers designed: the moving-speed controller and the moving-direction controller. Both controllers work well under the verb-control rules designed in this paper. It has shown that the system can focus accurately and quickly, and it can adjust itself when it is out of focus.
Evolutionary synthesis of galaxies at high spectral resolution with the code PEGASE-HR. Metallicity and age tracers

We present PEGASE-HR, a new stellar population synthesis program generating high resolution spectra (R = 10 000) over the optical range λλ = 400-680 nm. It links the spectro-photometric model of galaxy evolution PEGASE.2 (Fioc & Rocca-Volmerange 1997) to an updated version of the ELODIE library of stellar spectra observed with the 193 cm telescope at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (Prugniel & Soubiran 2001a). The ELODIE star set gives a fairly complete coverage of the Hertzprung-Russell (HR) diagram and makes it possible to synthesize populations in the range (Fe/H) = − 2t o+0.4. This code is an exceptional tool for exploring signatures of metallicity, age, and kinematics. We focus on a detailed study of the sensitivity to age and metallicity of the high-resolution stellar absorption lines and of the classical metallic indices proposed until now to solve the age-metallicity degeneracy. Validity tests on several stellar lines are performed by comparing our predictions for Lick indices to the models of other groups. The comparison with the lower resolution library BaSeL (Lejeune et al. 1997) confirms the quality of the ELODIE library when used for single stellar populations (SSPs) from 10 7 to 2 × 10 10 yr. Predictions for the evolved populations of globular clusters and elliptical galaxies are given and compared to observational data. Two new high- resolution indices are proposed around the Hγ line. They should prove useful in the analysis of spectra from the new generation of telescopes and spectrographs.
Four Inducible Promoters for Controlled Gene Expression in the Oleaginous Yeast Rhodotorula toruloides

Rhodotorula (Rhodosporidium) toruloides is an oleaginous yeast with great biotechnological potential, capable of accumulating lipid up to 70% of its dry biomass, and of carotenoid biosynthesis. However, few molecular genetic tools are available for manipulation of this basidiomycete yeast and its high genomic GC content can make routine cloning difficult. We have developed plasmid vectors for transformation of R. toruloides which include elements for Saccharomyces cerevisiae in-yeast assembly; this method is robust to the assembly of GC-rich DNA and of large plasmids. Using such vectors we screened for controllable promoters, and identified inducible promoters from the genes NAR1, ICL1, CTR3, and MET16. These four promoters have independent induction/repression conditions and exhibit different levels and rates of induction in R. toruloides, making them appropriate for controllable transgene expression in different experimental situations. Nested deletions were used to identify regulatory regions in the four promoters, and to delimit the minimal inducible promoters, which are as small as 200 bp for the NAR1 promoter. The NAR1 promoter shows very tight regulation under repressed conditions as determined both by an EGFP reporter gene and by conditional rescue of a leu2 mutant. These new tools facilitate molecular genetic manipulation and controllable gene expression in R. toruloides.
Opening the Black Box: A Meta-Analytic Examination of the Effects of Top Management Team Diversity on Emergent Team Processes and Multilevel Contextual Influence

This study attempts to open the black box of top management team (TMT) diversity research by examining the following research questions: (a) how TMT diversity has effects on emergent team processes, (b) when those effects are shaped by key environmental contingencies, and (c) whether emergent team processes mediate the TMT diversity and firm performance relationship. To address these issues, we conduct a series of meta-analytic examination. First, using a sample of 208 effect sizes from 51 studies covering multiple industries across 10 countries, we test how two distinct types of diversity (task- and relations-oriented diversity) are differentially associated with two types of emergent team processes (information elaboration and social categorization) in TMTs. Second, meta-analytic regression analyses are conducted to examine how national culture (power distance and collectivism) and industry characteristics (munificence and dynamism) influence the diversity effects on emergent team processes. Third, we conduct a structural equation modeling analysis to examine the relationships among diversity (input)–information elaboration and social categorization–based processes (mediators)–firm performance (output), incorporating additional 895 effect sizes from 152 studies. Our findings indicate that while relations-oriented diversity has apparent relationships with social categorization–based processes, task-oriented diversity is strongly associated with both information elaboration and social categorization–based processes. Industry munificence and dynamism as well as collectivism in national culture moderate the diversity–social categorization relationships. The result of structural equation modeling also confirms the mediating paths of the TMT diversity–information elaboration/social categorization–performance links.