Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The reliability and diagnostic accuracy of assessing the translation endpoint during the lachman test.

BACKGROUND Interpretation of Lachman testing when evaluating the status of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) typically includes a numerical expression classifying the amount of translation (Grade I, II, III) in addition to a categorical modifier (Grade A [firm] or B [absent]) to describe the quality of the passive anterior tibial translation's endpoint. Most clinicians rely heavily on this tactile sensation and place value in this judgment in order to render their diagnostic decision; however, the reliability and accuracy of this endpoint assessment has not been well established in the literature. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the intertester reliability of endpoint classification during the passive anterior tibial translation of a standard Lachman test and evaluate the classification's ability to accurately predict the presence or absence of an ACL tear. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, blinded, diagnostic reliability and accuracy study. METHODS Forty-five consecutive patients with a complaint of knee pain were independently evaluated for the endpoint classification during a Lachman test by two physical therapists before any other diagnostic assessment. The 21 men and 24 women ranged in age from 20 to 64 years (mean +/- SD age, 40.7 +/- 14) and in acuity of knee injury from 30 to 365 days (mean +/- SD, 238 +/-157). RESULTS 17 of the 45 patients had a torn ACL. The agreement between examiners on A versus B endpoint classification was 91% with a kappa coefficient of 0.72. In contrast, classification agreement based on the translational amount had an agreement of 65% with a weighted kappa coefficient of 0.52. The sensitivity of the endpoint grade alone was 0.81 with perfect specificity resulting in a positive likelihood ratio of 6.2 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.19. The overall accuracy of the Lachman test using the endpoint assessment grade alone was 93% with a number needed to diagnose of 1.2. CONCLUSIONS Nominal endpoint classification (A or B) from a Lachman test is a reliable and accurate reflection of the status of the ACL. The true dichotomous nature of the test's interpretation (positive vs. negative) is well-served by the quality of the endpoint during passive anterior tibial translation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2.
A FAST EM algorithm for Gaussian model-based source separation

We consider the FASST framework for audio source separation, which models the sources by full-rank spatial covariance matrices and multilevel nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) spectra. The computational cost of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm in [1] greatly increases with the number of channels. We present alternative EM updates using discrete hidden variables which exhibit a smaller cost. We evaluate the results on mixtures of speech and real-world environmental noise taken from our DEMAND database. The proposed algorithm is several orders of magnitude faster and it provides better separation quality for two-channel mixtures in low input signal-to-noise ratio (iSNR) conditions.
[Primary bronchial carcinoma in elderly subjects in France].

INTRODUCTION There are few data on primary bronchial carcinoma in France. We report here the results of the study KBP 2000-CPHG in which there were 1868 patients aged 70 or more and 338 aged 80 or more. METHODS We compared the patients under 70 (Group I) with those aged 70 or more (Group II) as well as with the details of the over 80's. RESULTS Group II included significantly more women (17.4% vs 15.2%; p=0.04), non-smokers (11.2% vs 5.3%; p<0.0001), patients of poor performance status (24.2% vs 14.5%; p<0.0001) and squamous carcinomas (44.5% vs 37.8%; p<0.001) than Group I, but fewer adenocarcinomas (27.2% vs 31.5%; p=0.009) and as many small cell carcinomas (15.9% vs 16.9%; p=0.32). In Group II there were less stage III and IV tumours (75.1% vs 78.1%; p=0.0005) more symptomatic treatment (23.2% vs 6.1%) and radiotherapy alone (12.8% vs 3.8%; p<0.0001). The results were similar beyond 80 years. On multivariate analysis age, performance status and stage appeared to be independent variables in the choice of curative or symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS Age alone is not therefore a limiting factor in the choice of treatment.
The Strategic Rhetoric of an “At-Risk” Educational Identity: Interviewing Jane

This essay explores how communication research on “at-risk” students relies on under-theorized understandings of identity as seemingly stable traits and characteristics. In this sense, “at-riskness,” as a cultural identity, is dangerous precisely because it encourages researchers to link identity difference with failure, rather than to explore the presence and perpetuation of particular ideologies. We illuminate such ideological tensions through our analysis of a complex educational identity—an in-depth interview with an “at-risk” student—where we locate strategic rhetorics (i.e., discursive constructions that reify normalized assumptions about educational success and failure) that demonstrate how ideology constitutes the phenomenon of educational risk.
Processing Biases for Emotional Faces in 4- to 12-Year-Old Non-Clinical Children: An Exploratory Study of Developmental Patterns and Relationships with Social Anxiety and Behavioral Inhibition

The present study examined (a) processing biases for emotional facial stimuli in a sample of 355 4- to 12-year-old non-clinical children, (b) developmental patterns of such biases, and (c) to what extent biases were related to social anxiety and the temperamental trait of behavioral inhibition in children of various ages. Processing biases were assessed with a dot probe task and a dynamic emotion recognition paradigm (i.e., morph task), whereas children's levels of social anxiety and behavioral inhibition were measured by means of parent-report. Results showed that on the morph task children were generally faster in detecting happy faces compared to angry faces, and this effect was not qualified by age, social anxiety, or behavioral inhibition. Further analyses revealed no significant effect of age on bias scores. However, analyses did reveal two classes in the data with one class mainly consisting of younger children and the other class predominantly composed of older children: Younger children were in general slower, less accurate, and displayed more variance in their scores on the processing biases tasks than older children. Results of this study underline the need of the development and use of more age-appropriate, non-reaction time-based tasks for measuring processing bias in younger children.
Curve/surface intersection problem by means of matrix representations

In this paper, we introduce matrix representations of algebraic curves and surfaces for Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD). The idea of using matrix representations in CAGD is quite old. The novelty of our contribution is to enable non square matrices, extension which is motivated by recent research in this topic. We show how to manipulate these representations by proposing a dedicated algorithm to address the curve/surface intersection problem by means of numerical linear algebra techniques.
Flexible Frequency-Hopping Microwave Generation by Dynamic Control of Optically Injected Semiconductor Laser

Under proper optical injection, period-one (P1) dynamics of an optically injected semiconductor laser can be excited by undamping the relaxation resonance of the semiconductor through Hopf bifurcation. The output intensity would oscillate at a microwave frequency, i.e., the P1 frequency. After optical-to-electrical conversion, a microwave signal can be generated with its frequency determined by the detuning frequency and the injection strength. Therefore, it provides a convenient way to dynamically control the instantaneous frequency of the generated microwave signal by manipulating the injection strength. In this work, a flexible frequency-hopping (FH) microwave waveform generator by dynamic control of an optically injected semiconductor laser is proposed and demonstrated. The system has a compact structure, and the key device is a commercial semiconductor laser. The generated FH microwave waveform has a high degree of flexibility, i.e., the central frequency, bandwidth, sequence length, and frequency order can be easily adjusted. A proof-of-concept experiment is carried out. Wideband (>10 GHz) stepped linear and Costas sequence are successfully generated. Autoambiguity functions of the generated frequency-hopping sequences are also investigated. The experimental results can verify the feasibility of the proposed FH waveform generator, which may find wide applications in future radar and communications systems.
Human Groups and Social Categories: Studies in Social Psychology

Acknowledgements Foreword Jerome S. Bruner 1. The development of a perspective Part I. Social Psychology and Social Processes: Introduction 2. Experiments in a vacuum 3. Individuals and groups ion social psychology Part II. From Perceptual Judgement to Social Stereotypes: Introduction 4. The importance of exagerrating 5. Differences and similarities: some contexts of judgement 6. Cognitive aspects of prejudice 7. Social stereotypes and social groups Part III. Insiders and Outsiders: Introduction 8. The experience of prejudice 9. The beginnings of ethnocentrism 10. Children's international perspectives Part IV. Intergroup Conflict: Introduction 11. The attributes of intergroup behaviour 12. Social categorization, social identity and social comparison 13. The achievement of group differentiation 14. Exit and voice in intergroup relations 15. The social psychology of minorities References Indices.
HMM-CARe: Hidden Markov Models for context-aware tag recommendation in folksonomies

Collaborative tagging systems allow users to manually annotate web resources with freely chosen keywords aka tags without any restriction to a certain vocabulary. The resulting collection of all these users annotations constitute the so-called folksonomy. Such systems typically provide simple tag recommendations skills to increase the number of tags assigned to resources. In this this paper, we propose a novel Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based approach, called HMM-CARE, for tags recommendation. Specifically, we extend the HMM to include user's tagging intents, formally represented as triadic concepts. Carried out experiments emphasize the relevance of our proposal and open many thriving issues.
Testing for Racial Prejudice in the Parole Board Release Process: Theory and Evidence

We develop a model of a parole board contemplating whether to grant parole release to a prisoner who has finished serving his minimum sentence. The model implies a simple outcome test for racial prejudice that is based on the released inmate’s rate of recidivism and is robust to the inframarginality problem. Our model has several testable implications for which we show empirical support. Applying our test to data on all prison releases in Pennsylvania between 1999 and 2003, we find no evidence of racial prejudice.
Gain Improvement in Time-Modulated Linear Arrays Using SPDT Switches

Time-modulated linear arrays (TMLAs) based on single-pole-single-throw (SPST) switches usually have higher reduction in gain due to the sideband radiation and power absorption of the off-state absorptive switches. In this letter, a novel approach is proposed to improve the gain of TMLAs using single-pole-double-throw (SPDT) switches. The gain of the proposed TMLA can be improved significantly by controlling two array elements with each SPDT switch. Moreover, the proposed TMLA has a constant instantaneous directivity, which is favorable for some applications. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the proposed approach by considering a 16-element linear array with a -30 dB sidelobe level.
A Client-Driven Approach for Channel Management in Wireless LANs

We propose an efficient client-based approach for channel management (channel assignment and load balancing) in 802.11-based WLANs that lead to better usage of the wireless spectrum. This approach is based on a “conflict set coloring” formulation that jointly performs load balancing along with channel assignment. Such a formulation has a number of advantages. First, it explicitly captures interference effects at clients. Next, it intrinsically exposes opportunities for better channel re-use. Finally, algorithms based on this formulation do not depend on specific physical RF models and hence can be applied efficiently to a wide-range of in-building as well as outdoor scenarios. We have performed extensive packet-level simulations and measurements on a deployed wireless testbed of 70 APs to validate the performance of our proposed algorithms. We show that in addition to single network scenarios, the conflict set coloring formulation is well suited for channel assignment where multiple wireless networks share and contend for spectrum in the same physical space. Our results over a wide range of both simulated topologies and in-building testbed experiments indicate that our approach improves application level performance at the clients by upto three times (and atleast 50%) in comparison to current best-known techniques.
ISTIC Statistical Machine Translation System for PatentMT in NTCIR-10

This paper describes statistical machine translation system of ISTIC used in the evaluation campaign of the patent machine translation task at NTCIR-10. In this year's evaluation, we participated in patent machine translation tasks for ChineseEnglish, Japanese-English and English-Japanese. Here we mainly describe the overview of the system, the primary modules, the key techniques and the evaluation results.
High-speed data transmission system based on QPSK scheme in substrate integrated waveguide

Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is regarded as an available interconnects solution for high-speed data transmission. In this paper, in order to further improve the data rate and bandwidth usage, an SIW interconnect system based on Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation and demodulation technique is proposed. The associated theoretical models validate the feasibility of the presented system. A fabricated SIW prototype with 14-28 GHz bandwidth is experimentally evaluated in the developed SIW QPSK data communication system. Experimental results demonstrate that an excellent eye opening and low error rates are obtained with different Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) bit sequences at the rate of 10 Gb/s. Compared with traditional mixing modulation scheme, our proposed system can improve transmission rate from 5 Gb/s to 10 Gb/s and achieve error-free operation (BER<;10-12) with 27-1 pattern.
Value Creation Through Service Cues: The Case of the Restaurant Industry in Taiwan

This study attempts to investigate the impact of service cues (physical environment and contact personnel) on various modes of perceived value (conceptualized as functional value, social value, emotional value, and epistemic value) in restaurant environments. Empirical data was collected from five restaurants located at National Central University, Taiwan. 314 questionnaires were eventually collected. The findings reveal that, in general, the two means of service cues have significant, albeit differential, impact on various modes of perceived value. Physical environment is found to be significant in the formation of all the four modes of perceived value, while its impact on emotional value seems to be most influential. Contact personnel are significant determinants of three of the four perceived values (social value excluded) but have the most impact on functional value.
Changes in the balance between mitogenic and antimitogenic lipid second messengers during proliferation, cell arrest, and apoptosis in T‐lymphocytes

Control of lymphocyte cell survival and proliferation is critical for both the immune response and for the prevention of autoimmune and infectious diseases. The actions of interleukin‐2, the major T‐cell regulatory cytokine, are mediated by the complex network of divergent signalling pathways controlled by its high‐affinity receptor. Various studies have indicated that the generation of certain lipid second messengers is an important mechanism in the control of proliferation and cell death. We have examined the relationship between diacylglycerol and ceramide and the levels of the lipids phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, their potential precursors, in the human T‐cell line Kit 225 cultured in three distinct conditions to favor apoptosis, cell arrest, and proliferation. Our data show that, in proliferating cells, the ratios of diacylglycerol/ceramide and phosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin are higher than those found in arrested cells and increase with time in culture. These ratios are rapidly reversed in apoptotic cells. Further experiments reveal that de novo synthesis of both diacylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine is greatest in proliferating cells, whereas sphingomyelin synthase activity is increased in cells undergoing apoptosis. In summary, our results demonstrate for the first time that the ratio of mitogenic/antimitogenic lipids changes dramatically during T‐cell proliferation and cell death. These results indicate that lipid second messengers and the enzymes that are responsible for their generation may provide targets for novel therapeutic interventions in the clinical management of immunosuppression and autoimmune disease.
Grammar Error Correction Using Pseudo-Error Sentences and Domain Adaptation

This paper presents grammar error correction for Japanese particles that uses discriminative sequence conversion, which corrects erroneous particles by substitution, insertion, and deletion. The error correction task is hindered by the difficulty of collecting large error corpora. We tackle this problem by using pseudo-error sentences generated automatically. Furthermore, we apply domain adaptation, the pseudo-error sentences are from the source domain, and the real-error sentences are from the target domain. Experiments show that stable improvement is achieved by using domain adaptation.
Cellular and genetic control of antibody responses in vitro. II. Ir gene control of primary IgM responses to trinitrophenyl conjugates of poly-L-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly-L-Lys and poly-L-(His,Glu)-poly-D,L- Ala--poly-L-Lys

The in vitro primary IgM anti-hapten responses to trinitrophenyl (TNP) conjugates of poly-L-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala-poly-L-Lys (T,G)-A--L and poly-L(His,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly-L-Lys (H,G)-A--L were shown to be T- cell dependent and under autosomal dominant H-2-linked Ir gene control which mapped within the K or I-A regions of the H-2 complex. The in vitro response to TNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, while T-dependent, was not under demonstrable genetic control. The genes governing the in vitro primary IgM anti-hapten responses to TNP-(T,G)-A--L and TNP-(H,G)- A--L resemble the Ir genes controlling the in vivo secondary IgG responses to (T,G)-A--L and (H,G)-A--L in that they are autosomal dominant, map identically within the H-2 complex, and have identical responder and nonresponder haplotypes. It is concluded that Ir genes can govern the ability to generate an IgM response upon initial exposure to antigen.
Human genome sequencing technologies, the medical, public health and economic implications in the industrialised G-8 nations

This project focused on characterising the quality of life indices and economic resources in the G-8 nations. The research team explored the existing scientific infrastructures already in place in the industrialised nations, even before the completion of the human genome sequencing by March 2003. Their authentic and well-established technological workforce developed new generation of innovative technologies for inexpensive, spontaneous, and precise genomic sequencing. The project team not only discussed the medical, public health and economic benefits derived from genomic research, but also compiled the fledging careers in bioscience and genetics in the G-8 nations.
Removal of CNV Effects from the N2 and P3 ERP Components in a Visual Go/NoGo Task

Abstract. In an S1-S2 Go/NoGo task the impact of slow potentials following S1, particularly the late component of the contingent negative variation (CNV), on the following cognitive-processing waveforms to S2 (e.g., N2 and P3) remains unclear. A common method to correct for these confounding slow waves has used a forced baseline shortly before S2. The impact of this on ERP measures relating to S2 is unclear. An earlier method of CNV correction, devised to remove its effect on P3 measures by using different baselines for each condition, appears questionable. This study explored the removal of the CNV from both Go and NoGo waveforms to clarify the sensory and cognitive components elicited by S2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on the ERP means, and a component relating to the CNV was subtracted from each subject's raw data for each site and condition. Results showed that this effectively removed the CNV without distortion of the S2 ERP morphology. This technique may prove useful in the anal.
Crowdsourced Data Management: Overview and Challenges

Many important data management and analytics tasks cannot be completely addressed by automated processes. Crowdsourcing is an effective way to harness human cognitive abilities to process these computer-hard tasks, such as entity resolution, sentiment analysis, and image recognition. Crowdsourced data management has been extensively studied in research and industry recently. In this tutorial, we will survey and synthesize a wide spectrum of existing studies on crowdsourced data management. We first give an overview of crowdsourcing, and then summarize the fundamental techniques, including quality control, cost control, and latency control, which must be considered in crowdsourced data management. Next we review crowdsourced operators, including selection, collection, join, top-k, sort, categorize, aggregation, skyline, planning, schema matching, mining and spatial crowdsourcing. We also discuss crowdsourcing optimization techniques and systems. Finally, we provide the emerging challenges.
Análisis de redes sociales en el mundo rural: guía inicial

El mundo rural, por la influencia de la logica economica actual, esta en una constante dinamica de cambios, como el incremento del flujo migratorio, el acceso a nuevos mercados, el auge protagonico de la mujer rural, la pluriactividad en el campo y la etnocompetitividad, entre otros. Ante esta realidad, el accionar de los actores sociales esta cada vez mas presente y surge la necesidad de emplear nuevas perspectivas analiticas, como el analisis de redes sociales. Finalmente, se propone un documento que tiene como objetivo servir de guia inicial para emprender analisis de redes sociales en el medio rural.
Performance of Cooperative Spatial-Interleaved Superposition Modulation in Fading Multiple-Access Channels

In this paper, we propose a new superposition- modulation based cooperative multiple-access scheme. In this scheme, each user only superimpose the information from the previous user, where the full diversity is achieved by cooperative spatial-interleaving. Focusing on interference cancellation with minimum mean square error filtering at the destination, we derive a lower bound on the frame error probability of the scheme. We show that the bound can be used to predict the frame error rate of the scheme. Moreover, we show that full diversity gain is achieved and the detection complexity is reduced as compared to the previous scheme.