Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A computationally light classification method for mobile wellness platforms

The core of activity recognition in mobile wellness devices is a classification engine which maps observations from sensors to estimated classes. There exists a vast number of different classification algorithms that can be used for this purpose in the machine learning literature. Unfortunately, the computational and space requirements of these methods are often too high for the current mobile devices. In this paper we study a simple linear classifier and find, automatically with SFS and SFFS feature selection methods, a suitable set of features to be used with the classification method. The results show that the simple classifier performs comparable to more complex nonlinear k-Nearest Neighbor Classifier. This depicts great potential in implementing the classifier in small mobile wellness devices.
The maternally expressed Drosophila gene encoding the chromatin‐binding protein BJ1 is a homolog of the vertebrate gene Regulator of Chromatin Condensation, RCC1.

Using monoclonal antibodies I have identified a nuclear protein of Drosophila, BJ1 (Mr approximately 68 kd), and isolated its gene. Biochemical analysis demonstrates that the BJ1 protein is associated with nucleosomes and is released from chromatin by agents which intercalate into DNA, as previously shown for the high mobility group proteins (HMGs). On polytene chromosomes the protein is localized in all bands, with no preference for particular loci. Both the BJ1 protein and in particular the BJ1 mRNA are strongly expressed maternally. In early embryos all nuclei contain equal amounts of BJ1. During neuroblast formation, BJ1 mRNA becomes restricted to cells of the central nervous system, and higher protein levels are found in the nuclei of this tissue. In late embryonic stages, the mRNA almost completely disappears, but significant amounts of BJ1 protein persist until morphogenesis. The BJ1 gene encodes a 547 amino acid polypeptide featuring two different types of internal repeats. The sequence from amino acids 46 to 417 containing seven repeats of the first type has been highly conserved in evolution. 45% of the amino acids in this region are conserved in seven similar tandem repeats of the human gene Regulator of Chromatin Condensation, RCC1. The phenotype of a cell line carrying a mutation of RCC1 suggested a main function for this gene in cell cycle control. A yeast gene, SRM1/PRP20, also contains these repeats and shows 30% amino acid identity to BJ1 in this region. Mutations in this gene perturb mRNA metabolism, disrupt nuclear structure and alter the signal transduction pathway for the mating pheromone. Complementation experiments argue for a common function of these genes in the different species. I propose that their gene products bind to the chromatin to establish or maintain a proper higher order structure as a prerequisite for a regulated gene expression. Disruption of this structure could cause both mis‐expression and default repression of genes, which might explain the pleiotropic phenotypes of the mutants.
Opposing roles of E2Fs in cell proliferation and death

Progression through the cell cycle is dependent upon the temporal and spatial regulation of the various members of the E2F family of transcription factors. Two of these members, E2F1 and E2F4 have opposing roles in cell cycle progression, which were defined over a decade ago. While E2F1 is an activator of cell cycle progression, E2F4 functions as a transcriptional repressor. Recent data indicate that these transcription factors also play a role in the cellular response to DNA damage. In the case of E2F1, its overexpression leads to apoptosis. In contrast, the decreased expression of E2F4, in response to siRNA-mediated knockdown or to certain therapeutic agents, induces apoptosis. Conversely, increased levels of E2F4 may confer resistance to apoptosis-inducing therapies used in the clinic. The balance between the activities of these two proteins in tumor cells is of great interest. Directed control of E2F1 and E2F4 action may lead to better diagnosis of disease and improved therapeutic modalities.
Trends in currency’s return

The purpose of this paper is to show that short-ranged dependence prevailed for Singapore-Malaysia exchange. Although, it is perceived that there is some evidence of long-ranged dependence [1,2], it is still unclear whether Singapore-Malaysia exchange indeed exhibits long-ranged dependence. For this paper, we focus on the currency rate for a sixteen-year period ranging from September 2002 to September 2017. We estimate the Hurst parameter using the famous rescaled R/S statistics technique. From our analysis, we showed that the Hurst parameter is approximately 0.5 which indicates short-ranged dependence. This short memory property is further validated by performing a one-tailed z-test whose alternative hypothesis is that the Hurst parameter is not 0.5 at 1% significance level. We conclude that the alternative hypothesis is rejected. The existence of short memory proves that the behaviour of the exchange rate is unpredictable, supporting the efficient market hypothesis, which states that not only is price movement completely random but also tomorrow’s prices are predicted by all the information in today’s prices.
Evaluating Strategies for Marker Ranking in Genome-wide Association Studies of Complex Traits

Summary Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were highly successful in identifying new susceptibility loci of complex traits. Such studies usually start with genotyping fixed arrays of genetic markers in an initial sample. Out of these markers, some are selected which will be further genotyped in independentsamples. Due tothevery low a priori probability of a true positive association, the vast majority of all marker signals will turn out to be false positive. Thus, several methods to sort marker data have been proposed which will be evaluated here. Objectives: We compared statistical properties of ranking by p-values, q-values, the False Positive Report Probability (FPRP) and the Bayesian False-Discovery Probability (BFDP). Methods: We performed simulation studies for a genomic region derived from GWAS data sets and calculated descriptive statistics as well as mean square errors with regard to the true marker ranking. Additionally, we applied all measures to a GWAS for early onset extreme obesity superimposing a priori information on candidate genes. Results: Despite the known, more extreme probability results for traditional p-values, we observed that both p-values and the BFDP were more precise in reconstructing the “true” order of the markers in a region. In addition, the BFDP was useful to attenuate unexpected effects at a genome-wide scale. Conclusions: For the purpose of selecting markers from an initial GWAS and within the limits of this study, we recommend either ranking by p-values or the application of a full Bayesian approach for which the BFDP is a first approximation.
SoC Design of a Dual-Mode Transceiver for Power-Line Telecommunications

In this paper, the design of a dual-mode transceiver for a power-line telecommunications (D-PLT) is described. We investigate on designing a system architecture of the D-PLT, adopting an efficient modulation technique against power-line channel and supporting a high reliability, which is well suited for the CENELEC B, C, and D bands roughly from 90 to 150 kHz. The proposed D-PLT is eventually integrated to a system-on-a-chip (SoC), synthesizing all of a baseband transceiver, a channel forward error correction (FEC) module, a micro-controller unit (MCU) to access communication protocols, and analog front end circuits, i.e., a pre-amplifier, a gain-amplifier, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a comparator, as well as external interfaces to communicate with application layer. The designed D-PLT is fabricated utilizing a mixed 0.18 um CMOS technology and it is required a total area of about 9,576 mm^2 consuming about 148 mW at the maximum data rates of 2.5 kbps.
Design and Evaluation of a Handheld-based 3D User Interface for Collaborative Object Manipulation

Object manipulation in 3D virtual environments demands a combined coordination of rotations, translations and scales, as well as the camera control to change the user's viewpoint. Then, for many manipulation tasks, it would be advantageous to share the interaction complexity among team members. In this paper we propose a novel 3D manipulation interface based on a collaborative action coordination approach. Our technique explores a smartphone -- the touchscreen and inertial sensors -- as input interface, enabling several users to collaboratively manipulate the same virtual object with their own devices. We first assessed our interface design on a docking and an obstacle crossing tasks with teams of two users. Then, we conducted a study with 60 users to understand the influence of group size in collaborative 3D manipulation. We evaluated teams in combinations of one, two, three and four participants. Experimental results show that teamwork increases accuracy when compared with a single user. The accuracy increase is correlated with the number of individuals in the team and their work division strategy.
On the use of n-well resistors for uniform triggering of ESD protection elements

N-well resistors are sometimes used to add series resistance to a grounded-gate NMOST protection device in order to ensure simultaneous triggering of multiple fingers. It turns out that such protections may fail far below their nominal ESD threshold depending on the particular layout. It is shown that n-well snapback plays a major role in the failure mechanism. Maximum ESD performance can be obtained by applying a simple design rule for the n-well geometry.
Genetic analysis of an ARS element from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

ARS (autonomously replicating sequence) elements are DNA fragments that can function as origins of DNA replication in yeast. We report the first fine‐structure analysis of ars1, an ARS element of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Characterization of a series of nested deletion mutations indicated that the minimal fragment of DNA encompassing ars1 is surprisingly large. No fragment < 650 bp retained significant ARS activity. Analysis of deletion and substitution mutations scanning the entire minimal ars1 identified a single essential 50 bp fragment (segment 1). Only one other 50 bp mutation reduced activity as much as 5‐fold and most deletions were without effect. Thus, the minimal ars1 is composed of two general types of genetic elements, a small segment that is absolutely required for efficient ARS activity and a much larger region that is tolerant of internal structural alterations. Higher resolution analysis of segment 1 defined a critical 30 bp A/T‐rich segment which appears to contain redundant genetic elements. Schizosaccharomyces pombe ars1 promoted high frequency transformation in the budding yeast S.cerevisiae but this heterologous activity was not dependent on segment 1. Our analysis indicates that the functional elements required for ARS function in S.pombe and S.cerevisiae are clearly different.
The −1021 C/T DBH polymorphism is associated with neuropsychological performance among children and adolescents with ADHD

Catecholaminergic imbalance has increasingly been implicated in the pathophysiology of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The enzyme dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DβH)—critical to catecholaminergic regulation—is under strong genetic control, with the −1021 C/T polymorphism accounting for up to 50% of the enzymatic activity. This work aimed to investigate association between this functional polymorphism and the performance of children and adolescents with ADHD in neuropsychological measures of executive function (EF). Sixty‐four drug‐naïve patients with ADHD undertook a Continuous Performance Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. By means of a factorial analysis, a composite measure of EF was extracted. Performance according to genotypic group was analyzed, including age as a confounder. In addition, a family‐based association test was conducted as a confirmatory analysis. Principal components analysis of neuropsychological measures loaded two factors that explained 83.8% of total variance. Cognitive performance, as measured by the composite score, showed significant difference between genotypic groups after adjustment for age (P = 0.002). The CC homozygosity was associated with a diminished global EF performance, a result that was corroborated by the intra‐familial analysis. The present study demonstrated an association between the neuropsychological performance of children with ADHD and a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the DBH gene. The refinement of the ADHD phenotype by means of composite measures of EF can contribute to uncover the molecular underpinnings of ADHD. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increase in efficacy of cancer radiotherapy by combination with whole-body low dose irradiation

Purpose:Design of cancer radiotherapy protocol to reduce radiation dose and increase treatment efficacy in Lewis lung cancer (LLC) model. Methods: C57BL/6J mice subcutaneously implanted with LLC were treated by conventional radiotherapy (2Gy × 6) combined with LDWBI (low dose whole-body irradiation; the second, third, fifth and sixth local doses of 2Gy each substituted by LDWBI with 0.075Gy) and/or gene therapy (intratumor injection of pEgr-IL-18-B7.1 plasmid 24 h before the first and fourth local doses). Immunologic mechanisms were explored. Results: Cancer control was most significantly improved in the group receiving local radiotherapy combined with LDWBI and gene therapy as shown by prolongation of mean survival time by 60.4%, reduction in average tumor weight by 70.8%, decrease in pulmonary metastasis by 66.9% and decrease in intratumor angiogenesis by 64.8% as compared to local radiotherapy alone (p < 0.05). These changes in tumor growth and progression were accompanied with up-regulation of host immunity manifested by stimulated NK (natural killer) and CTL (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) activity, IFN (interferon)-gamma and TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-alpha secretion, PKC (protein kinase C)-theta activation and LAMP (lysosomal associated membrane protein)-1 expression. Conclusion: Combination of conventional radiotherapy with LDWBI and gene transfer could reduce total radiation dose by 2/3 and at the same time improve treatment efficacy of cancer accompanied with up-regulated host anticancer immunity.
Eating More but Not Better at School? Impacts of Boarding on Students’ Dietary Structure and Nutritional Status in Rural Northwestern China

While the impact of boarding on students’ development has attracted considerable attention from researchers and policy makers, rigorous analysis of students’ food consumption behavior and nutritional status has been rare. This study fills this gap by analyzing data on nearly 7600 rural primary school students from two northwestern Chinese provinces, using students’ home-to-school distance as an instrumental variable for their boarding status. Our estimation results suggest that boarding significantly reduces students’ dietary diversity, as measured by a Diet Diversity Score constructed following guidelines provided by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. While the reduced dietary diversity does not undermine students’ overall nutrition intake, as measured by their body mass index (BMI) for age, it does increase their probability of being anemic. Further investigation reveals that boarders consume significantly less protein-rich food and significantly more carbohydrate-rich food than their non-boarding counterparts.
Powers and Problems of Integrating Social Media Data with Public Health and Safety

Social media sites like Twitter provide readily accessible sources of large-volume, high-velocity data streams, now referred to as “Big Data. ” While private companies have already made great strides in leveraging these social media sources, many public organizations and government agencies could reap significant benefits from these resources. Care must be exercised in this integration, however, as huge data sets come with their own intrinsic issues. This paper explores these advantages and hazards with several experiments that demonstrate social media data’s ability to support government organizations and supplement existing programs. Our first experiment shows consistency between geographic populations of Twitter and population estimates from the US Census Bureau. We then follow with a comparison between references to drug use on Twitter and incidence of drug use estimated from a national survey, in which Twitter yields similar estimates for marijuana use but shows little correlation with cocaine use. Our final experiment then illustrates how a social media community responds to law enforcement agencies during times of crisis and social unrest by examining sentiment on Twitter during the Boston Marathon Bombing and protests in Ferguson, MO. The paper concludes with a discussion on open problems in leveraging social media for public programs with concentration on acquiring high-quality geolocation information from these sources.
International Comparison of Social Cohesion

Ⅰ. Introduction 1 1. Research Background 3 2. Research Purpose 5 Ⅱ. Literature Review 7 1. Review of the Existing Indices 9 2. Review of Methodologies 13 Ⅲ. Developing a System of Indicators of Social Cohesion 15 1. Overview 17 2. Defining the Dimensions of Social Cohesion 18 3. Identifying and Processing Indicators 22 4. Defining Weights 24 Ⅳ. Current Level of Social Cohesion in Korea 29 1. Measuring the Social Cohesion Index (SCI) 31 2. International Comparison of Social Cohesion 32 3. Social Cohesion in Korea 36 V. Conclusion 41 Bibliography 47 Appendices 49
Stray electromagnetic field distribution around permanent magnet synchronous motor drive

The low frequency electromagnetic emission from permanent magnet synchronous motors is studied. The main objective is to provide safety regions for humans in the vicinity of these motors, especially that, these motors are now being used widely in humans' existence areas, where high flux densities are expected. In this study, a new equivalent magnetic circuit is proposed to estimate the stray fields at the surface of the motor. The analysis shows that the emission of the stray field in the radial directions depends on the permeability of the stator structure. Low values of the permeability may result in very high stray flux emissions at level that shielding may be required to protect people in the surrounding. Relatively far away from the stator (e.g, 50 cm for the tested motor), normally the flux is of low level and may not represent an exposure threat. It's imperative that, the measurement waveforms of the magnetic field show that waveforms similar to the heart beat may result, which constitutes threat for pacemaker holding people. In addition, the measurement waveform of the x-sensor (radial component) provides important information that can be used for the rotor position estimation.
RISK FACTORS FOR ANXIETY DISORDERS: COMMON AND SPECIFIC EFFECTS IN A NATIONAL SAMPLE

Anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder (MDD) often co‐occur and share a broad range of risk factors. The goal of this study was to examine whether the co‐occurrence of anxiety disorders and MDD could be explained by an underlying latent factor and whether the risk factors exert their effect exclusively through this factor, directly on each disorder, or through a combination of effects at both levels.
Effects of low-dose spironolactone combined with irbesartan on cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload in rats.

BACKGROUND The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade in the heart is an attractive therapeutic option for the treatment of heart failure. However, the use of MR antagonist is limited by an increased incidence of hyperkalemia owing to MR blockade in the kidney. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a low, non-pressure-lowering dose of spironolactone (Sp) with that of a conventional blood pressure-lowering dose combined with irbesartan on pathological cardiac remodeling as well as serum potassium level in pressure-overload rats. METHODS The pressure-overloaded myocardial remodelling was produced by partial abdominal aortic constriction (PAAC) in rats. Four weeks after PAAC, animals were respectively treated with vehicle, irbesartan (15 mg/kg) alone, low-dose Sp (1 mg/kg) or conventional-dose of Sp (20 mg/kg) in combination with irbesartan for consecutive four weeks. RESULTS The result demonstrated that compared to irbesartan monotherapy, the combination of irbesartan and spironolactone both in low- and conventional-dose exhibited additional cardioprotection against PAAC-induced cardiac remodelling. Low-dose spironolactone was as effective in inhibiting cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and in improving diastolic function as high dose. Low-dose spironolactone did not lead to a rise in potassium serum levels, but high dose did. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that combined low dose of spironolactone and irbesartan may be an effective and safety therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Endotoxin Stimulates Liver Macrophages To Release Mediators That Inhibit an Early Step in Hepadnavirus Replication

ABSTRACT Hepadnaviruses are known to be sensitive to various extracellular mediators. Therefore, bacterial endotoxin, which induces the secretion of proinflammatory mediators in the liver, was studied for its effect on hepadnavirus infection in vitro using the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) model. In initial experiments, endotoxin was shown to inhibit DHBV replication in primary duck hepatocyte cultures prepared by standard collagenase perfusion. As a primary endotoxin target, hepatic nonparenchymal cells (NPC) contaminating primary hepatocyte cultures, and among these probably macrophages (Kupffer cells), were identified to secrete polypeptide mediators into the cell culture medium. When added during DHBV infection, these mediators elicited the principal antiviral effect in a dose-dependent fashion. On the molecular level, they inhibited accumulation of viral proteins as well as amplification of the nuclear extrachromosomal DHBV DNA templates. In hepatocytes with an established DHBV infection, DHBV protein and progeny virus production was inhibited while the levels of established nuclear DHBV DNA templates and viral transcripts remained unaffected. Finally, in hepatocytes infected with a replication-deficient recombinant DHBV-green fluorescent protein (GFP) virus, the endotoxin-induced mediators markedly reduced GFP expression from chimeric DHBV-GFP transcripts, indicating that the major effect is at a level of translation of viral RNAs. Taken together, the data obtained demonstrate that antiviral mediators, and among these the cytokines alpha interferon (IFN-α) and IFN-γ, are released from hepatic NPC, most probably liver macrophages, upon endotoxin stimulation; furthermore, these mediators act at a posttranscriptional step of hepadnavirus replication.
Planar micro flame ionization detector with minimized leak current

The flame ionization detector (FID) is the preferred method of hydrocarbon detection. Unfortunately, it is operated at high fuel and oxidant gas flow and therefore not suitable for portable applications. This work presents an FID miniaturized by means of MEMS technology (μFID) to reduce gas consumption. A former low-flow µFID suffers from a considerable leak current in spite of an integrated guard electrode. The current μFID with improved guard electrode successfully minimizes the leak current, such that the minimum detectable limit (MDL) only depends on sensitivity and noise. Both are evaluated and yield an MDL of 1.2·10−9 gC/s, which is a factor 20 above what can be expected from conventional FIDs.