Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constant Queue Routing On A Mesh MS-CIS-90-25 GRASP LAB 211 Sangut hevar

Packet routing is an important problem in parallel computation since a single step of inter-processor communication can be thought of as a packet routing task. In this paper we present an optimal algorithm for packet routing on a mesh-connected computer. Two important criteria for judging a routing algorithm will be 1) its run time, i.e., the number of parallel steps it takes for the last packet to reach its destination, and 2) its queue size, i.e., the maximum number of packets that any node will have to store at any time during routing. We present a 2n 2 step routing algorithm for an n x n mesh that requires a queue size of only 58. The previous best known result is a routing algorithm with the same time bound but with a queue size of 672. The time bound of 2n 2 is optimal. A queue size of 672 is rather large for practical use. We believe that the queue size of our algorithm is practical. The improvement in the queue size is possible due to (from among other things) a new 3s + o(s) sorting algorithm for an s x s mesh. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-90-25. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_reports/516 Constant Queue Routing On A Mesh MS-CIS-90-25 GRASP LAB 211 Sangut hevar Rajasekaran Richard Overholt Department of Computer and Information Science School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6389 Revised November 1990 Constant Queue Routing on a Mesh Sangut hevar Rajasekaran Richard Overholt Dept. of Computer and Information Science Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
THE NATURE OF DUSTY STARBURST GALAXIES IN A RICH CLUSTER AT z = 0.4: THE PROGENITORS OF LENTICULARS?

We present the results of a Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph survey of 24 μm selected luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs, LIR > 1011L☉) in the rich cluster Cl 0024+16 at z = 0.4. Optically, these LIRGs resemble unremarkable spiral galaxies with e(a)/e(c) spectral classifications and [O ii]-derived star formation rates (SFRs) of ≲2 M☉ yr−1, generally indistinguishable from the “quiescent” star-forming population in the cluster. Our IRS spectra show that the majority of the 24 μm detected galaxies exhibit polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission with implied SFRs ∼ 30–60 M☉ yr−1, with only one (< 10%) in the sample displaying unambiguous evidence of an active galactic nucleus in the mid-infrared. This confirms the presence of a large population of obscured starburst galaxies in distant clusters, which comprise the bulk of the star formation occurring in these environments at z ∼ 0.5. We suggest that, although several mechanisms could be at play, these dusty starbursts could be the signature of an important evolutionary transition converting gas-rich spiral galaxies in distant clusters into the passive, bulge-dominated lenticular galaxies that become increasingly abundant in the cores of rich clusters in the ∼ 4 Gyr to the present day.
The Political is Personal: TAs on the Front Lines of the Critical Consciousness Campaign

This paper addresses the personal demands that Teaching Assistants (TAs) encounter as they work toward nurturing critical consciousness in university tutorials. We explore two case studies that occurred during our participatory, feminist, action research project which aims to have students collaboratively question and reflect upon their responses to critical theorizing in sociology. The scenarios that we analyze illustrate how students’ investments in dominant ideologies around gender relations and sexuality can lead to situations that are very challenging for TAs. Our analyses reveal that, particularly in tutorial settings where students vocalize their positions, TAs personally encounter a myriad of emotional, intellectual and interpersonal considerations in response to their students’ politics. These case studies emphasize the complexities involved when TAs are committed to both anti-oppressive pedagogy and critical ideologies.
Personalised Tag Recommendation

Personalised tag recommenders are becoming increasingly important since they are useful for many document management applications including social bookmarking websites. This paper presents a novel approach to the problem of suggesting personalised tags for a new document to the user. Document similarity in combination with a user similarity measure is used to recommend personalised tags. In case the existing tags in the system do not seem suitable for the user-document pair, new tags are generated from the content of the new document as well as existing documents using document clustering. A first evaluation of the system was carried out on a dataset from the social bookmaking website, Bib-sonomy1. The results of this initial test indicate that adding personalisation to an unsupervised system through our user similarity measure gives an increase in the precision score of the system.
Large Price Declines, News, Liquidity, and Trading Strategies: An Intraday Analysis

This paper examines whether trading strategies based on short-term price reversals following large one-day losses have economically significant returns. We directly incorporate transactions costs by basing returns on the contemporaneous bid and ask quotes and jointly examine the effects of overreaction, liquidity pressure, and public information flow measures. Consistent with the overreaction hypothesis, trading strategy returns increase in the magnitude of event day loss. Consistent with behavioral models, the reversals are higher for event stocks without concurrent news releases. The evidence is generally supportive of the liquidity pressure hypothesis. The analysis suggests refined trading strategies yielding economically significant positive returns. The results are robust to a number of alternative tests.
Bayesian Model of Behaviour in Economic Games

Classical game theoretic approaches that make strong rationality assumptions have difficulty modeling human behaviour in economic games. We investigate the role of finite levels of iterated reasoning and non-selfish utility functions in a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process model that incorporates game theoretic notions of interactivity. Our generative model captures a broad class of characteristic behaviours in a multi-round Investor-Trustee game. We invert the generative process for a recognition model that is used to classify 200 subjects playing this game against randomly matched opponents.
Prolonged Therapy with Imatinib Mesylate before Surgery for Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Results of a Phase II Trial

Purpose. Proven efficacy of imatinib mesylate in gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) has led to its use in advanced disease and, more recently, in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal neoadjuvant imatinib duration to reduce the morbidity of surgery and increase the possibility of resection completeness in advanced tumours. Patients and Method. Patients with advanced GIST were enrolled into a registered open-label multicenter trial and received imatinib daily for a maximum of 12 months, followed by en bloc resection. Data were prospectively collected regarding tumour assessment, response rate, surgical characteristics, recurrence, and survival. Results. Fourteen patients with advanced GIST were enrolled. According to RECIST criteria, 6 patients had partial response and 8 had stable disease. The overall tumour size reduction was 25% (0–62.5%), and there was no tumour progression. Eleven patients underwent tumour resection, and all had R0 resection. After a median followup of 48 months, 4-year OS and DFS were 100% and 64%, respectively. Conclusion. This prospective trial showed that one year of neoadjuvant imatinib in advanced GIST is safe and associated with high rate of complete microscopic resection. It is not associated with increased resistance, progression, or complication rates.
ExpansionTool: Formal definition of concept-based query expansion and construction

We develop a deductive data model for concept-based query expansion. It is based on three abstraction levels: the conceptual, linguistic and string levels. Concepts and relationships among them are represented at the conceptual level. The linguistic level gives natural language expressions for concepts. Each expression has one or more matching patterns at the string level. The models specify the matching of the expression in database indices built in varying ways. The data model supports a declarative concept-based query expansion and formulation tool, the ExpansionTool, for heterogeneous IR system environments. Conceptual expansion is implemented by a novel intelligent operator for traversing transitive relationships among cyclic concept networks. The number of expansion links followed, their types, and weights can be used to control expansion. A sample empirical experiment illustrating the use of the ExpansionTool in IR experiments is presented.
Optimal design method for selective nerve stimulation and its application to electrocutaneous display

We have developed a tactile display that uses electric current from the skin surface as a stimulus. Our main objective was to independently stimulate a variety of mechanoreceptors and to generate specific sensations by combining stimuli. The key to this goal is selective nerve stimulation. In this paper, a mathematical framework is build for the general design of the selective stimulation. The geometries of electrodes and nerve fibers are arbitrary, and the waveform of the electric current from each electrode is independently controlled. Furthermore, the problem is formulated by linear or quadratic programming, which provides an optimal solution.
Tsunamis and Challenges for Accurate Modeling a D Va N C E S I N C O M P U Tat I O N a L O C E a N O G R a P H Y

After lying dormant for hundreds of years, a seaside volcano erupts, splitting its cinder cone, plunging hundreds of tons of material into the sea. The splash from the debris impact fl ies hundreds of meters into the air and then falls back to the sea as nearly semi-circular water waves begin to radiate away from the volcano. Within minutes, the nearby coastal towns are obliterated by the towering walls of water that wash over them. Hours later the waves arrive at distant shorelines that surround the sea. These waves have evolved in form, being far different than those near the volcano due to radial spreading, frequency dispersion, and nonlinear effects. Their destructive nature has been reduced over the thousands of kilometers the waves have traveled; nonetheless, the shallow coastal water depths have caused the incoming waves to slow, increasing in height suffi cient to overrun the shoreline, overtop breakwaters, and to smash into the coastal communities, killing thousands. could provide such a scenario. Alternatively , tsunamis can be generated by an earthquake triggering a landslide on a mountain side, resulting in a large soil mass impacting into a water body; examples include the immense 524-m-high wave triggered at Lituya Bay, Alaska in 1958 (Miller, 1960), and the dam overtopping at the Vajont, Italy, reservoir in 1963 that drowned several thousand people downstream of the dam (Semenza, 2001). Although these mechanisms for tsunami generation present a real hazard, their potential for destruction is likely small when compared to large earthquake-induced tele-tsunamis, such as in the Indian Ocean in 2004. For each of these types of tsunamis, the ability to predict the wave magnitudes, arrival times to shorelines, and inundation levels is critical to public safety. Here we discuss the modeling issues, from deep-ocean propagation to shallow-water and onshore aspects of the waves. In particular, we will point out the importance of modeling each of the wave fronts and the effects of wave amplitude , bathymetry, and topography on the waves.
Comparison of psychiatric morbidity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and non-ulcer dyspepsia

Background and Aims: The present study aimed to find psychiatric morbidity, stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and compare it with patients having non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD). Methods: This case NUD study compared 50 patients each with IBS and NUD. The two groups were compared on demographic data, psychiatric diagnosis using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 disorders, anxiety levels using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and depression using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). The Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES) was used to measure stress. Results: The cases of IBS were more likely to be of female gender (P = 0.012), married (P = 0.009), and employed (P < 0.001). Psychiatric diagnoses were more common in the cases of IBS than NUDs (88% vs. 30%, P< 0.001), the most common being major depression and somatization disorder. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were more common in patients with IBS (P < 0.001 for HAM-A and HAM-D). Logistic regression revealed that having IBS and increased age were independent predictors of having a psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusions: IBS is associated with the considerable degree of psychiatric morbidity. Adequate attention should be paid toward comorbid psychiatric illnesses, and prompt treatment should be instituted.
Peptide partitions and protein identification: a computational analysis

Peptide sequences from a proteome can be partitioned into N mutually exclusive sets and used to identify their parent proteins in a sequence database. This is illustrated with the human proteome (http://www.uniprot.org; id UP000005640), which is partitioned into eight subsets KZ*R, KZ*D, KZ*E, KZ*, Z*R, Z*D, Z*E, and Z*, where Z ∈ {A, N, C, Q, G, H, I, L, M, F, P, S, T, W, Y, V} and Z* ≡ 0 or more occurrences of Z. If the full peptide sequence is known then over 98% of the proteins in the proteome can be identified from such sequences. The rate exceeds 78% if the positions of four internal residue types are known. When the standard set of 20 amino acids is replaced with an alphabet of size four based on residue volume the identification rate exceeds 96%. In an information-theoretic sense this last result suggests that protein sequences effectively carry nearly the same amount of information as the exon sequences in the genome that code for them using an alphabet of size four. An appendix discusses possible in vitro methods to create peptide partitions and potential ways to sequence partitioned peptides.
Shape based detection and retrieval

Human movement analysis is a long-studied, but still important and challenging research area in visual surveillance. It involves many fundamental problems in computer vision such as human detection, segmentation and tracking, and higher level problems such as human gesture, action and event recognition. Shape is the most dominant cue for detecting humans due to large appearance variability. In this paper, we present a shape matching approach for human detection and tracking. We search for approximate human shapes in still images by using shape templates. The templates are obtained from the silhouettes of the set of training images. The system is trained using codebook entries which consist of shape context and feature parameters of the training images. The features are extracted from the input images of different scales and are matched with the templates. The best matches are selected by computing the match score. We can also customize our training system by providing our own training set of images.
Defect Generation in p-MOSFETs Under Negative-Bias Stress: An Experimental Perspective

In this paper, a focused review is made of our previously reported (2002-2007) work on negative-bias temperature-instability (NBTI) measurement and analysis. Using suitable cross-reference to other published work, the impacts of stress condition, characterization technique, and gate-oxide process on measured NBTI parameters are reviewed. The large scatter of measured time, bias, and temperature dependencies of NBTI, which are observed in published literature, is carefully analyzed. A common framework for NBTI physical mechanism is suggested and discussed. Issues lacking proper understanding at present are also highlighted.
Network-Based Fleet Management Systems for Streamline Maritime Operation - A Case Study of F Plastics Marine Corporation

Effective and integrated communication that supports the administration and operation of the vessels as well as the requirements of the crews is becoming more and more mission critical. Competitiveness within the maritime industry increasingly depends on reach, flexibility and cost efficiency of the entire IT & communication infrastructure. The maritime industry’s business processes require open standards based and integrated IT & telecommunication architecture. In addition crew satisfaction and ILO (International Labour Organization) demand for Internet access, email and mobile communication creating new challenges for ship operators. This study adopted a case to analyze the fleet management systems, and proposes a new system with broadband interface to ensure the efficiency, effectiveness and security requirements of marine corporations. Our new VSAT CBAND system has its strengths in four functions ““Navigation Information”, “Engine room Information”, “Documents and database” and audio/video transmission”. In this case successful implementation, we compared the conducted benefits after the new VSAT CBAND system implementation and that before. This new system can reduce the communication expense US$11646/month.
Mortality after Hospitalization for Pneumonia among Individuals with HIV, 1995–2008: A Danish Cohort Study

Background HIV–infected persons are at increased risk of pneumonia, even with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). We examined the impact of pneumonia on mortality and identified prognostic factors for death among HIV–infected. Methodology/Principal Findings In a nationwide, population-based cohort of individuals with HIV, we included persons hospitalized with pneumonia from the Danish National Hospital Registry and obtained mortality data from the Danish Civil Registration System. Comparing individuals with and without pneumonia, we used Poisson regression to estimate relative mortality and logistic regression to examine prognostic factors for death following pneumonia. From January 1, 1995, to July 1, 2008, we observed 699 episodes of first hospitalization for pneumonia among 4,352 HIV patients. Ninety-day mortality after pneumonia decreased from 22.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.5%–28.9%) in 1995–1996 to 8.4% (95% CI: 6.1%–11.6%) in 2000–2008. Mortality remained elevated for more than a year after hospitalization for pneumonia: adjusted mortality rate ratio 5.38 (95% CI: 4.27–6.78), 1.80 (95% CI: 1.36–2.37), and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.32–2.00) for days 0–90, 91–365, and 366+, respectively. The following variables predicted mortality within 90 days following hospitalization for pneumonia (adjusted Odds Ratios): male sex (3.77, 95% CI: 1.37–10.4), Charlson Comorbidity Index score ≥2 (3.86, 95% CI: 2.19–6.78); no current HAART (3.58, 95% CI: 1.83–6.99); history of AIDS (2.46, 95% CI: 1.40–4.32); age per 10 year increase (1.43, 95% CI: 1.11–1.85); and CD4+ cell count ≤200 (2.52, 95% CI: 1.37–4.65). Conclusions/Significance The first hospitalization for pneumonia among HIV–infected individuals was associated with elevated risk of death up to more than a year later. Use of HAART decreased the risk, independent of current CD4+ cell count. Prognosis following pneumonia improved over calendar time.
Impediment to insight to innovation: understanding data assemblages through the breakdown–repair process

ABSTRACT As the era of ‘big data’ unfolds, researchers are increasingly engaging with large, complex data sets compiled from heterogeneous sources and distributed across networked technologies. The nature of these data sets makes it difficult to grasp and manipulate their materiality. We argue that moments of breakdown – points at which progress is stopped due to a material limitation – provide opportunities for researchers to develop new imaginations and configurations of their data sets' materiality, and serve as underappreciated resources for knowledge production. In our ethnographic study of data-intensive research in an academic setting, we emphasize the layers of repair work required to address breakdown, and highlight incremental innovations that stem from this work. We suggest that a focus on the breakdown–repair process can facilitate nuanced understandings of the relationships and labour involved in constituting data assemblages and constructing knowledge from them.
On the decorrelation of filter-bank energies in speech recognition

Cepstral coefficients are widely used in speech recognition. In this paper, we claim that they are not the best way of representing the spectral envelope, at least for some usual speech recognition systems. In fact, cepstrum has several disadvantages: poor physical meaning, need of transformation, and low capacity of adaptation to some recognition systems. In this paper, we propose a new representation that significantly outperforms both mel-cepstrum and LPC-cepstrum techniques in both recognition rate and computational cost. It consists of filtering the frequency sequence of filter-bank energies with an extremely simple filter that equalizes the variance of the cepstral coefficients. Excellent results of the new technique using a continuous observation density HMM recognition system and two very different recognition tasks, connected digits and phone recognition, are presented.
Solving Markov Random Fields using Semi Definite Programming

In a roof structure a flexible roofing membrane is supported and secured between at least two layers of tensioned flexible elements such as wires or cords. Each layer comprises a number of longitudinal tensioned wires and a number of transverse tensioned wires. The wires are attached to curved anchorage units, and the entire structure is supported on tensioned trellis trusses and purlins.
Exploring foundations for computer-supported collaborative learning

In 1996 Koschmann (1996) suggested computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) as an emerging paradigm of educational technology. After six years, how has the field developed? What does research say about CSCL to date? What is the state of the art? The aim of the present paper is to explore the foundations for CSCL, and in doing so, to contribute to the theoretical as well as empirical understanding and development of CSCL research.
Sensemaking across Text Documents: Human-Centered, Visual Exploration with Jigsaw

In this article we describe our research on providing techniques and tools for a particular type of sensemaking — ﬁnding embedded narratives or plots across large collections of relatively brief text documents. Our approach is decidedly human-centered and we have created the Jigsaw system as an embodiment of these principles. Jigsaw provides multiple visualizations depicting the documents, the entities within them, and connections between the two. Analysts interactively explore the entities and documents as a way to guide document selection for reading, which ultimately is necessary to synthesize the embedded plot. This article describes the challenges in this particular style of sensemaking as well as the ways in which Jigsaw is attempting to overcome those challenges.