Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence from predictors of rural youth's migration intentions in agricultural communities: the Fars province, Iran

In order to benefit of youths’ abilities and capabilities in agricultural and rural sustainable development, it is necessary that they select the rural areas for living. But the present trend shows their widespread departure from rural areas. This research aimed to identify factors influencing the migration intentions of rural youth for preventing their increasing migration in rural communities. The causal model of effective factors on rural youth’s migration intentions showed that variables such as access to extension activities, agricultural knowledge and residential satisfaction had the negative impact and the subjective expectations had the positive impact on the young’s migration intentions among individual factors. In the family factors, household’s size, impact intensity of drought and number of household’s migrants had the positive effect and the household’s farm size and the level of the technology used in agriculture had the negative impact on the youth’s migration intentions. Also, increasing of the interpersonal ties and social participation caused decreasing the migration intentions. Two moderator variables of study including annual household income and the future status of agriculture had negative effect on youth’s migration intentions. Generally, a combination of individual, household and socio-psychological factors affects the migration intentions of rural youth.
Is Conscious Experience Established Instantaneously ? Commentary on

There are various possible ways to approach the problem of explanatory gap between the natural–scientific characteristics of the neural systems and the subjective realm of direct conscious experience that somehow grows out of the activity of these systems. One can depart from the behavioral data obtained in psychophysical experiments, make several assumptions as for the experiential basis of the objectively measured responses of the subjects, and then look at the necessary and/or sufficient neural mechanisms that are capable of providing the clues for the interrelationships found. One can also start with neurophysiology and then look at the constraints the factual knowledge about the regularities of brain processes provides for possible hypotheses for the (in)famous psychophysiological problem. The third strategy would be to start with the list of the basic characteristics of subjective experiences as taken from introspection and philosophy (including qualia) and then find what features of the neural systems could be listed as the best candidates to bridge the explanatory gap. The latter is the strategy chosen by Taylor. At first I was quite skeptical about the success of this enterprise. (Perhaps we all are frightened by the years-long skepticism taught us by philosophers and behaviorists. On the other hand, even if we use the strategy adopted by Taylor, one would expect the approach where the aspects of subjective experiences which are to be analyzed from the point of view of their neural correlates, could be the relatively ‘‘easy’’ ones like latency of sensations or binding of different sensory characteristics into an integrated perceptual objects. Taylor did choose the most difficult way, however.) But the longer I read, the more I was surprised by the unexpected coherence and well-grounded logic of the approach taken. Indeed, even if the explanatory gap will be there forever, nevertheless we can improve the state of our art by more vigorous styles of inquiry if we will create experimentally testable predictions with regard to subjective phenomena that can be directly derived from the features of the neural systems involved and test them. For example, the loss of lower level information and experienced continuity and unity of experience as based on the ‘‘fan-in’’ principle of inputs from lower level to higher level (with longer persistence of the activity in higher level bubbles of locally recurrent neural activity) could be tested by experimental perturbation of the higher level bubble activity. This could be done, say, by narrowly localized transcranial magnetic pulses (e.g., Maccabee et al., 1991). Frag-
NEW CHALLENGES FOR SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY : GUIDANCE COUNSELLING

and educational approach called Effective School Improvement (ESI) is coming forth whose objective is the increase in the quality of education by improving the efficacy of the Centres (Muñoz-Repiso & Murillo, 2003; Thrupp, 1999). This increase in quality, following Negro (2006), has as its closest references “the movement of school efficacy”, which pays special attention to the atmosphere, school culture, leaderships and degree of participation, and “the movement for the improvement of school”, which highlights as key elements collective change, coordination and planning. In this sense, an effective school (Mortimore, 1991), would be one that “promotes progress in every student regarding all aspects related to their performance and development over and above what is expected given their initial conditions and previous performance, assuring that every student achieves the greatest success possible and continues to do so every year”(p. 19). This implies, according to Murphy (1992), setting out principles of equity (a school for all), of added value (absolute achievement is not valued but instead personal progress is valued), of comprehensive development (not only the conative level is valued but also the affectivemotivational) and of continuity (the exact effect is not valued but instead the achievement maintained throughout time). All these principles configure the ESI paradigm that, in practice, and according to Stoll and Fink (1996) and Stoll, Wikeley and Reezigt (2000) will promote a sustained change oriented towards united educational planning with the involvement of the whole school community, the participation of all agents in decision making, academic and professional development, the adaptation of the organizational structures to the learning style of each student and the promotion of creativity. Such a substantial change needs a Guidance Model that would try to guarantee the integral education of students through the personalization of the educational process essentially in what refers to the adaptation of teachinglearning processes and the transition between stages and levels, with counselling and support of specialists. To give expression to this model requires, on one hand, the implementation of a group of actions oriented towards the development of adequate means for the promotion of an education of quality, and on the other hand, a continuous process (integrating the actions carried out at tutorials and specialist counselling) which maximizes the adjustment of the educational project to the characteristics and needs of each and every student. Thus, every Education Centre must elaborate Tutorial Action and NEW CHALLENGES FOR SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY: GUIDANCE COUNSELLING
Identification of novel diagnostic biomarkers for thyroid carcinoma

Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is the most universal endocrine malignancy worldwide. Unfortunately, a limited number of large-scale analyses have been performed to identify biomarkers for THCA. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis using 505 THCA patients and 59 normal controls from The Cancer Genome Atlas. After identifying differentially expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and protein coding genes (PCG), we found vast difference in various lncRNA-PCG co-expressed pairs in THCA. A dysregulation network with scale-free topology was constructed. Four molecules (LA16c-380H5.2, RP11-203J24.8, MLF1 and SDC4) could potentially serve as diagnostic biomarkers of THCA with high sensitivity and specificity. We further represent a diagnostic panel with expression cutoff values. Our results demonstrate the potential application of those four molecules as novel independent biomarkers for THCA diagnosis.
Effect of Intracytoplasmic Membrane Development on Oxidation of Sorbitol and Other Polyols by Gluconobacter oxydans

By using membrane-bound dehydrogenases, Gluconobacter oxydans characteristically accomplishes single-step oxidation of many polyols and quantitative release of the oxidation product into the medium. These cells typically differentiate by forming intracytoplasmic membranes (ICM) after exponential growth on glycerol. Earlier experiments demonstrated that glycerol-grown cells containing ICM oxidized glycerol more rapidly than cells which were harvested during exponential growth and lacked ICM (Claus et al., J. Bacteriol. 123:1169-1183). This report demonstrates that ICM are also formed after growth on sorbitol. Sorbitol-grown, ICM-containing maximum stationary-phase (MSP) cells showed from 50 to 300% greater oxidation (respiration) rates on mannitol, glycerol, glucose, meso-erythritol, and meso-inositol than did exponential-phase (EXP) cells which lacked ICM. Both EXP and MSP cells exhibited maximum sorbitol oxidation at pH 5.0, 38°C, and 5% (wt/vol) sorbitol. When assayed under these optimum conditions, ICM-containing MSP cells demonstrated a 72% increase in respiration on sorbitol compared with that of EXP cells lacking ICM (oxygen quotients of 3,100 and 1,800, respectively). Gas chromatographic studies showed that sorbose was the only detectable product released from cells during oxygen quotient analysis. The specific activity of particulate-bound sorbitol dehydrogenase from ICM-containing MSP cells was twice that obtained from particulate fractions prepared from EXP cells lacking ICM. These results show that neither ICM formation after exponential growth nor increased respiration of other polyols is dependent upon the polyol used to grow cells. Our results suggest that increased respiratory activity of MSP cells is caused both by ICM formation and by increased synthesis (or activity) of the polyol dehydrogenases found in these membranes.
Articulated human tracking and behavioural analysis in video sequences

Recently, there has been a dramatic growth of interest in the observation and tracking of human subjects through video sequences. Arguably, the principal impetus has come from the perceived demand for technological surveillance, however applications in entertainment, intelligent domiciles and medicine are also increasing. This thesis examines human articulated tracking and the classification of human movement, first separately and then as a sequential process. First, this thesis considers the development and training of a 3D model of human body structure and dynamics. To process video sequences, an observation model is also designed with a multi-component likelihood based on edge, silhouette and colour. This is defined on the articulated limbs, and visible from a single or multiple cameras, each of which may be calibrated from that sequence. Second, for behavioural analysis, we develop a methodology in which actions and activities are described by semantic labels generated from a Movement Cluster Model (MCM). Third, a Hierarchical Partitioned Particle Filter (HPPF) was developed for human tracking that allows multi-level parameter search consistent with the body structure. This tracker relies on the articulated motion prediction provided by the MCM at pose or limb level. Fourth, tracking and movement analysis are integrated to generate a probabilistic activity description with action labels. The implemented algorithms for tracking and behavioural analysis are tested extensively and independently against ground truth on human tracking and surveillance datasets. Dynamic models are shown to predict and generate synthetic motion, while MCM recovers both periodic and non-periodic activities, defined either on the whole body or at the limb level. Tracking results are comparable with the state of the art, however the integrated behaviour analysis adds to the value of the approach.
Identification of the epitope for a highly cross-reactive monoclonal antibody on the major sigma factor of bacterial RNA polymerase

A highly cross-reactive monoclonal antibody (MAb), 2G10, was found to react in a conserved region of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase sigma70. The epitope was localized to amino acids 470 to 486, which included part of conserved region 3.1. The epitope for MAb 3D3, a MAb which maps close to the 2G10 epitope, was also determined.
EFFECTS OF INDUCTION PROGRAMS ON EMPLOYEE JOB PERFORMANCE IN ELDORET WATER AND SANITATION COMPANY LIMITED

With the rapid development of today’s global market, organizations are continuously seeking ways to grow and keep competitive through deliberately planned, implemented and monitored activities. One of these activities is induction programs which is a form of training. However numerous studies conducted reveal that in spite of the substantial benefits, induction programs can bring to an organization; many managers do not give it the attention it deserves. This study therefore sought to assess the effectiveness of induction programs on employee job performance in Eldoret Water and Sanitation Company (ELDOWAS). The study objectives were: to establish the existence and goals of induction programs; to examine the effects of induction programs on employee job performance; to document the challenges of conducting induction programs and finally; to explore the strategies of enhancing induction programs and their likely impact on employee job performance. The study was guided by Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) by Falcione and Wilson (1988). The Study targeted all the 215 employees of the company. Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed descriptively. The results were presented in frequency distribution tables, graphs and percentages. The findings of the study were that induction programs existed in ELDOWAS and their goals included: providing new employees with information, conveying employees’ expectations and relieving the new employees’ anxieties about the job. Challenges facing induction programs included: lack of clearly stated goals for induction, failure to balance the needs of the employees against the needs of the company, inability to deliver appropriate and accurate information to new employees, lack of re-orientation when employees are transferred to new stations or when they are promoted. Strategies for enhancing induction programs included: giving the employees the information they need about the organization, building workplace relationships, making induction programs relaxing, allowing two way interactions, ensuring that the programs give a healthy balance between the needs of the company and those of the employees. Based on the above findings it was concluded that induction programs enhance employee job performance. The study recommends that the immediate supervisors should be trained and equipped with skills and knowledge necessary for conducting effective induction programs, the employee handbooks should be given to employees at the time of induction, managers should accord induction programs the seriousness it deserves. The study is significant to ELDOWAS management and any other organization that may wish to use it in policy and decision making. iv
A new taxane diterpenoid from Taxus mairei.

A new 11(15-->1)-abeotaxane diterpene, taxumairol K (1), has been isolated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Formosan Taxus mairei (Lemee & Levl.) S. Y. Hu. The structure of 1 was determined as 9alpha-(benzoyloxy)-2alpha,4alpha- diacetoxy-5beta ,20-epoxy-1beta, 7beta,10beta,13alpha-tetrahydroxy-11(15-->1)-abeota xane on the basis of spectral analysis. Taxumairol K (1) exhibited mild cytotoxicity against HeLa tumor cells.
The Uses of Theory in Health Advocacy: Policies and Programs

This paper illustrates the utility of theory for health educators who advocate for health promotion policies and programs. It describes how diffusion of innovation and other social science theories were employed by a statewide coalition called the Health Pro motion and Education Council of Virginia in its effort to reduce premature and pre ventable death and disability in the state. To this end the Council sought legislative action to accelerate the diffusion of health promotion throughout the state. Discussing elements of diffusion theory such as working through opinion leaders, creating information-ex change relationships, and tailoring the attributes of the innovation to achieve its objec tives, the paper reviews the process through which the Council became an effective advocate, and the strategies it devised to communicate the innovation of health promotion to legislators. The legislation that was generated by the work of the legislative study committee and future uses of theory are also discussed.
Microdomain [Ca2] Fluctuations Alter Temporal Dynamics in Models of Ca2-Dependent Signaling Cascades and Synaptic Vesicle Release

Ca2-dependent signaling is often localized in spatially restricted microdomains and may involve only 1 to 100 Ca2 ions. Fluctuations in the microdomain Ca2 concentration (Ca2) can arise from a wide range of elementary processes, including diffusion, Ca2 influx, and association/dissociation with Ca2 binding proteins or buffers. However, it is unclear to what extent these fluctuations alter Ca2-dependent signaling. We construct Markov models of a general Ca2-dependent signaling cascade and Ca2-triggered synaptic vesicle release. We compare the hitting (release) time distribution and statistics for models that account for [Ca2] fluctuations with the corresponding models that neglect these fluctuations. In general, when Ca2 fluctuations are much faster than the characteristic time for the signaling event, the hitting time distributions and statistics for the models with and without Ca2 fluctuation are similar. However, when the timescale of Ca2 fluctuations is on the same order as the signaling cascade or slower, the hitting time mean and variability are typically increased, in particular when the average number of microdomain Ca2 ions is small, a consequence of a long-tailed hitting time distribution. In a model of Ca2-triggered synaptic vesicle release, we demonstrate the conditions for which [Ca2] fluctuations do and do not alter the distribution, mean, and variability of release timing. We find that both the release time mean and variability can be increased, demonstrating that Ca2 fluctuations are an important aspect of microdomain Ca2 signaling and further suggesting that Ca2 fluctuations in the presynaptic terminal may contribute to variability in synaptic vesicle release and thus variability in neuronal spiking.
Digital loop carrier solutions for voice and data networks

Lucent Technologies' SLC®-2000 digital loop carrier (DLC) system has traditionally been used to provide telephony services ranging from “plain old telephone service” (POTS) to digital data systems (DDS) to integrated services digital network (ISDN) over T1 and SONET digital facilities. This paper describes how the SLC-2000 Access System has been evolved recently to support clear channels for lines that traditionally use bit robbing to carry in-band signaling information. This enhancement restores modem performance that has degraded due to robbed bit signaling (RBS) and provides subscribers with improved data services. The paper also discusses enhancements to the SLC-2000 system to provide subscriber access not only to the circuit-switched telephony network but also to the packet-switched data networks for integrated voice and data services.
The winged helix/forkhead transcription factor Foxq1 regulates differentiation of hair in satin mice

Summary: Satin (sa) homozygous mice have a silky coat with high sheen arising from structurally abnormal medulla cells and defects in differentiation of the hair shaft. We demonstrate that the winged helix/forkhead transcription factor, Foxq1 (Forkhead box, subclass q, member 1) is mutant in sa mice. An intragenic deletion was identified in the radiation‐induced satin mutant of the SB/Le inbred strain; a second allele, identified by an N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis screen, has a missense mutation in the conserved winged helix DNA‐binding domain. Homozygous mutants of the two alleles are indistinguishable. We show that Foxq1 is expressed during embryogenesis and exhibits a tissue‐restricted expression pattern in adult tissues. The hair defects appear to be restricted to the inner structures of the hair; consequently, Foxq1 has a unique and distinct function involved in differentiation and development of the hair shaft. Despite an otherwise healthy appearance, satin mice have been reported to exhibit suppressed NK‐cell function and alloimmune cytotoxic T‐cell function. We show instead that the immune defects are attributable to genetic background differences. genesis 29:163–171, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Technological Capabilities of Enterprises:A New Definition and Measurement Model

Overview on the research development of technological capabilities of enterprises,three doctrines can be divided according to the definitions:process-based,resource-based,and strategic doctrine. From different perspective,while existing limitations,each doctrine reveals the characteristics and connotations of technological capabilities. Based on the literature critical review,this article firstly uses ″probability″ to define technological capabilities of enterprises,and construct the measurement model. This provides a new tool for subjectively measuring technological capabilities of enterprises.
Regulation of Id3 cell cycle function by Cdk-2-dependent phosphorylation

The functions of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors in activating differentiation-linked gene expression and in inducing G1 cell cycle arrest are negatively regulated by members of the Id family of HLH proteins. These bHLH antagonists are induced during a mitogenic signalling response, and they function by sequestering their bHLH targets in inactive heterodimers that are unable to bind to specific gene regulatory (E box) sequences. Recently, cyclin E-Cdk2- and cyclin A-Cdk2-dependent phosphorylation of a single conserved serine residue (Ser5) in Id2 has been shown to occur during late G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle, and this neutralizes the function of Id2 in abrogating E-box-dependent bHLH homo- or heterodimer complex formation in vitro (E. Hara, M. Hall, and G. Peters, EMBO J. 16:332-342, 1997). We now show that an analogous cell-cycle-regulated phosphorylation of Id3 alters the specificity of Id3 for abrogating both E-box-dependent bHLH homo- or heterodimer complex formation in vitro and E-box-dependent reporter gene function in vivo. Furthermore, compared with wild-type Id3, an Id3 Asp5 mutant (mimicking phosphorylation) is unable to promote cell cycle S phase entry in transfected fibroblasts, whereas an Id3 Ala5 mutant (ablating phosphorylation) displays an activity significantly greater than that of wild-type Id3 protein. Cdk2-dependent phosphorylation therefore provides a switch during late G1-to-S phase that both nullifies an early G1 cell cycle regulatory function of Id3 and modulates its target bHLH specificity. These data also demonstrate that the ability of Id3 to promote cell cycle S phase entry is not simply a function of its ability to modulate bHLH heterodimer-dependent gene expression and establish a biologically important mechanism through which Cdk2 and Id-bHLH functions are integrated in the coordination of cell proliferation and differentiation.
Examination of Ethanol Marketing and Input Procurement Practices of the U.S. Ethanol Producers

Growing concerns about the dependence on foreign oil and high prices of gasoline have led to rapid growth in ethanol production in the past decade. Unlike earlier development of the ethanol industry which was highly concentrated in a few large corporations, recent ownership of the ethanol plants has been by farmer-owned cooperatives. Not much is known about the marketing and purchasing practices and plants’ flexibility with respect to adapting new technologies. The purpose of this research is to fill the gap in knowledge on these practices and to test whether the practices differ with the size and type of ownership.