Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CTH09-3: Statistical Characterization of Eigen-Channels in Time-Varying Rayleigh Flat Fading MIMO Systems

In this paper, some important second-order statistics such as the correlation coefficient, level crossing rate, and average fade duration of eigen-channels, are studied, in time-varying Rayleigh multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels, assuming a general non-isotropic scattering environment. Exact closed-form expressions are derived and Monte Carlo simulations are provided to verify the accuracy of the analytical results. These results serve as useful tools for analysis and design of MIMO systems in time-varying channels.
Prediction of active UE number with Bayesian neural networks for self-organizing LTE networks

Internet-empowered electronic gadgets and content rich multimedia applications have expanded exponentially in recent years. As a consequence, heterogeneous network structures introduced with Long Term Evolution (LTE) Advanced have increasingly gaining momentum in order to handle with data explosion. On the other hand, the deployment of new network equipment is resulting in increasing both capital and operating expenditures. These deployments are done under the consideration of the busy hour periods which the network experiences the highest amount of traffic. However, these periods refer to only a couple of hours over a 24-hour period. In relation to this, accurate prediction of active user equipment (UE) number is significant for efficient network operations and results in decreasing energy consumption. In this paper, we investigate a Bayesian technique to design an optimal feed-forward neural network for shortterm predictor executed at the network management entity and providing proactivity to Energy Saving, a Self-Organizing Network function. We first demonstrate prediction results of active UE number collected from real LTE network. Then, we evaluate the prediction accuracy of the Bayesian neural network as comparing with low complex naive prediction method, Holt- Winter's exponential smoothing method, a deterministic feedforward neural network without Bayesian regularization term.
What have we learned from the biological therapies in ulcerative colitis?

treatment of GERD requires proper validation (21). As yet, there is no clear-cut experimental evidence indicating that step-up, step-down, or “never step-up or step-down” is the optimal selection in the long term management of patients with GERD (22). Howden and associates certainly demonstrated the advantage of lanzoprazole treatment for relief and prevention of heartburn in patients with GERD compared with step-up or step-down or maintained treatment with the H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine over a 20-wk period. This study does not attempt to address differences in risks of complications produced by acid reflux nor does it address differences in costs of treatment in patients with GERD, including those who receive less or unsatisfactory benefit before or after completion of treatment with a proton pump inhibitor. There is substantial need for appropriately designed studies to determine the benefits and disadvantages of step-up and step-down alternatives in treatment of patients with GERD, including symptom relief, complications, total costs, and intermediate and long term effects not yet examined.
Gingival zenith and its role in redefining esthetics: A clinical study

Background: The purpose of this study was to quantify some clinical parameters useful as esthetic guidelines when gingival contour is modified and to compare the left and right sides of six maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: Maxillary casts mounted on an articulator according to the axis orbital plane were photographed from 35 young adults. The angle formed between the gingival line and maxillary midline (GLA) and the distance between the gingival zenith of the lateral incisor and the gingival line were measured (LID) using a flexible protractor and digital vernier caliper, respectively. The asymmetry was evaluated using a paired t test for the left vs right measurements of GLA and LID. The descriptive statistics for GLA and LID were calculated. Results: The GLA measurements of the left side (86.7°±4.2°) were significantly greater than those of the right side (84.6°±5.4°), and the mean absolute symmetry for GLA was 1.7°±4.4°. The mean LID measurement was 0.92΁0.11. Conclusions: The gingival zenith of the canine is apical to the gingival zenith of the incisors (GLA <90°) and the gingival zenith of the lateral incisor is below or on (17%) the gingival line when head is oriented on the axis orbital plane. A directional asymmetry was shown with the right side higher than the left side. Along with the other parameters related to dental esthetics, these clinical parameters may serve as esthetic guidelines and may enable us to obtain a more predictable outcome.
Crystalline human erythrocyte catalase.

The enzyme catalase has been isolated in crystalline form from ox liver (Sumner & Dounce, 1937), horse liver (Agner, 1942), lamb liver (Dounce, 1942), ox erythrocytes (Laskowski & Sumner, 1941), human and horse erythrocytes (Bonnichsen, 1947). In the preceding paper (Herbert & Pinsent, 1948) we describe the isolation of crystalline catalase from a bacterium, Micrococcqb lysodeikticus.
Investigating the effects various compilers have on the electromagnetic signature of a cryptographic executable

This research investigates changes in the electromagnetic (EM) signatures of a cryptographic binary executable based on compile-time parameters to the GNU and clang compilers. The source code was compiled and executed on a Raspberry Pi 2, which utilizes the ARMv7 CPU. Various optimization flags are enabled at compile-time and the output of the binary executable's EM signatures are captured at run-time. It is demonstrated that GNU and clang compilers produced different EM signature on program execution. The results indicated while utilizing the O3 optimization flag, the EM signature of the program changes. Additionally, the g++ compiler demonstrated fewer instructions were required to run the executable; this related to fewer EM emissions leaked. The EM data from the various compilers under different optimization levels was used as input data for a correlation power analysis attack. The results indicated that partial AES-128 encryption keys was possible. In addition, the fewest subkeys recovered was when the clang compiler was used with level O2 optimization. Finally, the research was able to recover 15 of 16 AES-128 cryptographic algorithm's subkeys, from the the Pi.
Clinical evaluation of patients with temporomandibular joint implants.

PURPOSE An undetermined number of patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms have been treated with intra-articular disc implants composed of Teflon ethylene/propylene or Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene and aluminum oxide (Proplast-Teflon; Vitek, Houston, TX). These implants have shown the potential to fragment in situ resulting in nonbiodegradable particles that stimulate a giant cell reaction and lead to degeneration of local structures, pain, and limitation of mandibular opening. We examined the possible relationship between TMJ implants and persistent pain, responses to sensory stimuli, quality of life, and systemic immune dysfunction. PATIENTS AND METHODS This case series (32 patients) were referred from university-based orofacial pain centers and private practices from across the United States. Laboratory and clinical assessments evaluated orofacial pain symptoms, neurologic function, clinical signs and symptoms of rheumatologic disease, physical function, systemic measures of immune function, and behavioral measures. RESULTS We found that TMJ implant patients appeared to have altered sensitivity to sensory stimuli, a higher number of tender points with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, increased self-report of chemical sensitivity, higher psychologic distress and significantly lower functional ability. Systemic illness or autoimmune disease was not evident in this series of TMJ implant patients. CONCLUSIONS Significant problems were noted on clinical assessment of TMJ implant patients. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.
From Treebank to Propbank: A Semantic-Role and VerbNet Corpus for Danish

This paper presents the first version of a Danish Propbank/VerbNet corpus, annotated at both the morphosyntactic, dependency and semantic levels. Both verbal and nominal predications were tagged with frames consisting of a VerbNet class and semantic role-labeled arguments and satellites. As a second semantic annotation layer, the corpus was tagged with both a noun ontology and NER classes. Drawing on mixed news, magazine, blog and forum data from DSL's Korpus2010, the 87,000 token corpus contains over 12,000 frames with 32,000 semantic role instances. We discuss both technical and linguistic aspects of the annotation process, evaluate coverage and provide a statistical break-down of frames and roles for both the corpus as a whole and across different text types.
On achievable rates of two-path successive relaying

This letter studies the achievable rates of the two-path relay channel (TPRC), where two half-duplex relays successively in turn forward messages from a source to a destination. It is shown that the conventional analogue and digital relaying schemes incur non-negligible throughput losses due to a socalled "inter-relay-interference (IRI)" phenomenon. This letter presents a new digital relaying scheme at the source transmitter to mitigate the IRI by applying the "dirty-paper-coding (DPC)" technique. It is shown that the proposed scheme achieves the capacity of the symmetric TPRC.
Defective Jak‐STAT signal transduction pathway in melanoma cells resistant to growth inhibition by interferon‐α

Advanced malignant melanoma is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Current therapeutic strategies have a modest success rate. The most promising treatment consists of a combination of chemotherapy with interferon‐α, but complete response rates remain less than 15%. Interferon‐α is also effective in adjuvant therapy for non‐advanced melanoma treated surgically. The molecular mechanisms leading to loss of growth restraints and gain of growth‐promoting functions during carcinogenesis of malignant melanoma are not understood in detail. Here, we studied 9 human melanoma cell lines with regard to growth inhibition by interferon‐α and defects in intracellular signal transduction through the Jak‐STAT pathway. In 3 cell lines, we found a complete loss of growth restraint by interferon‐α. In all of them, different components of the Jak‐STAT pathway were defective. Since signal transduction through the Jak‐STAT pathway is necessary for antiviral and antiproliferative effects of interferons, we conclude that defects in this pathway may be one of the mechanisms that lead to cancer progression through loss of growth‐restraining functions. Moreover, our results indicate that a subgroup of melanomas could be completely resistant to interferon‐α and should therefore not be treated with this cytokine. Int. J. Cancer 85:720–725, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ergodic capacity analysis of cooperative amplify-and-forward relay networks over generalized fading channels

This paper presents two new methods for evaluating the ergodic channel capacities of cooperative non-regenerative multirelay networks in a myriad of fading environments and under three distinct source-adaptive transmission policies: i optimal rate adaptation with a fixed transmit power; ii optimal joint power-and-rate adaptation; and iii truncated channel inversion with fixed rate. In contrast to the previous related works, our proposed unified analytical frameworks that are based on the moment generating function and/or the cumulative distribution function of end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio allow us to gain insights into how power assignment during different transmission phases, relay node placement, fade distributions, and dissimilar fading statistics across the distinct communication links impact the ergodic capacity, without imposing any restrictions on the channel fading parameters. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of the mukB gene in chromosome and plasmid partition in Escherichia coli

The intracellular locations of oriC and oriR1, the replication origins of the chromosome and plasmid R1, respectively, were visualized by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in exponentially growing populations of Escherichia coli. The locations of oriC and oriR1 (from a Par+ R1 plasmid) were unique and different in the wild‐type host. In a mukB mutant, the positions were perturbed for both origins. The position of oriR1 from a plasmid with active partition (Par+) in the mukB host was as randomized as that of oriR1 from the Par− plasmid in a wild‐type host. However, this mukB‐induced randomization did not result in unstable inheritance of the Par+ plasmid, as measured by the conventional segregation assay. This might result from the preferential association of the Par+ plasmid with the bigger, decondensed nucleoid‐containing daughters during cell division of MukB− cells, whereas the Par− plasmids were distributed at random and were lost by frequently ending up in anucleate cells.
An Efficient Load Balancing Mechanism with Cost Estimation on GridSim

Due to the rapid technological advancements, the Grid computing has emerged as a new field, distinguished from conventional distributed computing. The load balancing is considered to be very important in Grid systems. In this paper, we propose a new dynamic and distributed load balancing method called "Enhanced GridSim with Load Balancing based on Cost Estimation" (EGCE) for computational Grid with heterogeneous resources. The proposed algorithm EGCE is an improved version of the existing EGDC in which we perform load balancing by estimating the expected finish time of a job on resources on each job arrival and then balance the load by migrating jobs to resources by taking into account the resource heterogeneity and network heterogeneity. We simulate the proposed algorithm on the GridSim platform. From the results, our algorithm is shown to be quite efficient in minimizing the average response time.
A Heuristic Cluster-Based EM Algorithm for the Planted (L, d) Problem

The planted motif search problem arises from locating the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) which are crucial for understanding the gene regulatory relationship. Many attempts in using expectation maximization for TFBSs discovery are successful in past. However, identifying highly degenerate motifs and reducing the effect of local optima are still an arduous task. To alleviate the vulnerability of EM to local optima trapping, we present a heuristic cluster-based EM algorithm, CEM, which refines the cluster subsets in EM method to explore the best local optimal solution. Based on experiments using both synthetic and real datasets, our algorithm demonstrates significant improvements in identifying the motif instances and performs better than current widely used algorithms. CEM is a novel planted motif finding algorithm, which is able to solve the challenging instances and easy to parallel since the process of solving each cluster subset is independent.
A modular tool for analyzing cascade impactors data to improve exposure assessment to airborne nanomaterials

Cascade impactors are widely used to provide particle size distributions for the study of aerosols in workplaces and ambient air. In the frame of exposure assessment to airborne particles, one of their main advantages is the possibility to perform further off-line analysis (e.g. electron microscopy, physical-chemical characterization by XRD, ICP-MS, etc.) on the collected samples according to particle size. However, the large channel width makes the particle size distributions not enough size-resolved. Furthermore, in spite of the sharpness of the collection efficiency curves, the existence of an overlap between stages renders data interpretation difficult. This work aim was to develop a modular program allowing the inversion of data stemming from cascade impactors based on the mass (or any quantity) collected on each impaction stage. Through a precise description of the collection efficiency curves of the different stages, the software provides a continuous curve (from 100 to 1000 points) using the Markowski method, and more particularly the Twomey iterative algorithm, according to several publications about inverse problems in cascade impactors. An additional option consists in determining the experimental error at each point of the inverse curve, performed by realizing several consecutive inversions. The inversion procedure was first tested and optimized for the case of the SIOUTAS personal sampler. Validation of the calculation was performed considering theoretical aerosols. Then, the software was used for two sets of data obtained during field measurement campaigns.
Deep phylogeographic structuring of populations of the trapdoor spider Moggridgea tingle (Migidae) from southwestern Australia: evidence for long‐term refugia within refugia

Southwestern Australia has been recognized as a biodiversity hot spot of global significance, and it is particularly well known for its considerable diversity of flowering plant species. Questions of interest are how this region became so diverse and whether its fauna show similar diverse patterns of speciation. Here, we carried out a phylogeographic study of trapdoor spiders (Migidae: Moggridgea), a presumed Gondwanan lineage found in wet forest localities across southwestern Australia. Phylogenetic, molecular clock and population genetic analyses of mitochondrial (mtDNA) COI gene and ITS rRNA (internal transcribed spacer) data revealed considerable phylogeographic structuring of Moggridgea populations, with evidence for long‐term (>3 million years) isolation of at least nine populations in different geographic locations, including upland regions of the Stirling and Porongurup Ranges. High levels of mtDNA divergence and no evidence of recent mitochondrial gene flow among valley populations of the Stirling Range suggest that individual valleys have acted as refugia for the spiders throughout the Pleistocene. Our findings support the hypothesis that climate change, particularly the aridification of Australia after the late Miocene, and the topography of the landscape, which allowed persistence of moist habitats, have been major drivers of speciation in southwestern Australia.
Control strategies for power smoothing using a flywheel driven by a sensorless vector-controlled induction machine operating in a wide speed range

This paper presents a novel control strategy for power smoothing. The system is based on a sensorless vector-controlled induction machine driving a flywheel. The problem of regulating the DC-link voltage against input power surges or sudden changes in load demand is addressed. The induction machine is controlled to operate in a wide speed range by using flux weakening above rated speed. A model reference adaptive system observer is used to obtain the rotational speed in the whole speed range. The observer parameters are adapted during flux weakening in order to obtain close tracking of the flywheel speed. Experimental results for the operation of the induction machine between zero to more than twice base speed are presented and discussed.
Common DNS Operational and Configuration Errors

This memo describes errors often found in both the operation of Domain Name System (DNS) servers, and in the data that these DNS servers contain. This memo tries to summarize current Internet requirements as well as common practice in the operation and configuration of the DNS. This memo also tries to summarize or expand upon issues raised in [RFC 1537].
International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy Approach for the development of multi-agent system for future energy efficient transportation system employing smart grids & sustainable energy

Driven by the increasing of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the utilisation of fossil fuels, particularly in transportation sector, and the shortage of fossil fuels itself, the development of future transportation system utilises electricity would be necessary. This development would significantly increase demand in power systems. Moreover, differences in characteristics, technologies and behaviour of electric vehicles users make it difficult to manage the demand and the efficiency of electricity use. Hence, an intelligent power system, smart grid system, would be needed to address these issues. Besides, implementing smart grids is expected to be a method to move toward utilisation of sustainable energy resources. However, despite many advantages promised by smart grid implementation, sophisticated criteria for steady and reliable power and transportation system challenges the implementation of smart grid. Therefore, in order to achieve future energy efficient transportation systems employing smart grids and sustainable energy, an organized approach is required. Thus, this paper describes an approach to develop multi-agent model which is expected to intelligently organise all the data and information, analyse and act based on the information in order to establish future energy efficient transportation system using smart grids and sustainable energy.
Application of antenna arrays to mobile communications. II. Beam-forming and direction-of-arrival considerations

Array processing involves manipulation of signals induced on various antenna elements. Its capabilities of steering nulls to reduce cochannel interferences and pointing independent beams toward various mobiles, as well as its ability to provide estimates of directions of radiating sources, make it attractive to a mobile communications system designer. Array processing is expected to play an important role in fulfilling the increased demands of various mobile communications services. Part I of this paper showed how an array could be utilized in different configurations to improve the performance of mobile communications systems, with references to various studies where feasibility of apt array system for mobile communications is considered. This paper provides a comprehensive and detailed treatment of different beam-forming schemes, adaptive algorithms to adjust the required weighting on antennas, direction-of-arrival estimation methods-including their performance comparison-and effects of errors on the performance of an array system, as well as schemes to alleviate them. This paper brings together almost all aspects of array signal processing.
Effect of Ambient Electrons on Primary Discharge Energy in Laser-Induced Discharge

We examined the laser-induced discharge (LID) in medium-vacuum air. The time-averaged discharge energy W<italic><sub>d</sub></italic> of a primary discharge prior to an arc discharge was affected by the number of initial electrons. The initial electrons were produced by the laser irradiation of electrodes. The number of electrons was proportional to the energy of the laser, L<italic><sub>p</sub></italic>. Thus, it was adjusted by changing L<italic><sub>p</sub></italic>. Although the experimental conditions were rather limited, i.e., air at 200-Pa pressure, we demonstrated a simple relationship, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{W}_{d}\propto \,\,\text{V}_{s}^{2} \times \,\,\text{L}_{p}^{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where V<italic><sub>s</sub></italic> is the applied voltage and s is an exponent determined empirically. Note that the number of initial electrons is a function of L<italic><sub>p</sub></italic>. Such a simple relationship for the behavior of LID that incorporates W<italic><sub>d</sub></italic> is proposed for the first time in this paper.