Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asking for Help Using Inverse Semantics

Robots inevitably fail, often without the ability to recover autonomously. We demonstrate an approach for enabling a robot to recover from failures by communicating its need for specific help to a human partner using natural language. Our approach automatically detects failures, then generates targeted spoken-language requests for help such as “Please give me the white table leg that is on the black table. ” Once the human partner has repaired the failure condition, the system resumes full autonomy. We present a novel inverse semantics algorithm for generating effective help requests. In contrast to forward semantic models that interpret natural language in terms of robot actions and perception, our inverse semantics algorithm generates requests by emulating the human’s ability to interpret a request using the Generalized Grounding Graph (G) framework. To assess the effectiveness of our approach, we present a corpusbased online evaluation, as well as an end-to-end user study, demonstrating that our approach increases the effectiveness of human interventions compared to static requests for help.
Prevalence and Pattern of Renal Bone Disease in End Stage Renal Disease Patients in Ile-Ife , Nigeria Prévalence et les tendances de la maladie des os rénale chez les patients avec l ’ insuffisance rénale terminale en Ile-Ife , Nigéria

BACKGROUND: Information on renal bone disease (RBD) is sparse in Nigeria. The prevalence of RBD in a dialysis population worldwide ranges between 33% and 67% and it increases with progression of renal insufficiency. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and magnitude of RBD in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS: Thirty consecutive ESRD patients were recruited. They had thorough clinical evaluation and investigations which included serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, albumin and skeletal survey. The serum iPTH, osteocalcin, and 1,25 (OH2) D3 were assessed in 20 patients. RESULTS: The patients were aged 18–72 years with a mean of 38.93±15.7 years. There was a male:female ratio of 4:1. Uraemic symptoms were the major presenting complaints. None of the patients complained of bone pain or fracture. The mean values for serum creatinine, urea, creatinine clearance, calcium, phosphate, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, iPTH, osteocalcin and 1,25 (OH)2 Vit D3 were 1478.96 ± 771.12 μmol/L, 22.33 ± 7.42 mmol/L, 3.38 ± 2.22 mls/min, 1.8 ± 0.5mmol/L, 1.61 ± 0.65 mmol/L, 30.2 ± 6.1 g/L, 124.33 ± 63.37 IU/L, 22.66 ± 24.72, 45.14 ± 43.8, 37.7 ± 22.3 respectively. There were hypocalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia in 80% and 60% of the patients respectively. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 44% of the patients while 11.8% had hyperparathyroidism. Level of 1,25 (OH)2 Vit D3 was low in 83.3% of the patients. There was a significant negative correlation between serum calcium and iPTH levels (r = –0.915, p=0.029). There was also significant negative correlation between alkaline phosphatase and 1,25 (OH)2 Vit D3 and serum albumin. Radiological evidence of RBD occurred in only 16.7% of the patients. CONCLUSION: Renal bone disease is common in our patients with ESRD associated most commonly with low bone turnover while occurrence of hyperparathyroid bone disease appears low. WAJM 2010; 29(2): 75–80.
Opinion mining on Twitter microblogging using Support Vector Machine: Public opinion about State Islamic University of Bandung

Tweet data on Twitter as microblogging can be processed to be an important and useful information. We propose opinion mining with Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to classify tweet opinion data which is a huge data. This opinion mining will be used to get insight of public opinion about State Islamic University of Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung which is one of large university in Indonesia. We have two classes for opinion classification that is negative and positive opinions. Pre-processing phase before classifying consists of cleaning data, emotion tokenizing, case folding, stop words removal, and stemming process. The result of this research is 0.838 precision value and 0.76 recall for positive class. Then, 0.78 precision value and 0.853 recall for negative class. Opinion classification with SVM of this research has accuracy 78.75%.
Requirement of RIZ1 for Cancer Prevention by Methyl-Balanced Diet

Background The typical Western diet is not balanced in methyl nutrients that regulate the level of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and its derivative metabolite S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), which in turn may control the activity of certain methyltransferases. Feeding rodents with amino acid defined and methyl-imbalanced diet decreases hepatic SAM and causes liver cancers. RIZ1 (PRDM2 or KMT8) is a tumor suppressor and functions in transcriptional repression by methylating histone H3 lysine 9. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we show that a methyl-balanced diet conferred additional survival benefits compared to a tumor-inducing methyl-imbalanced diet only in mice with wild type RIZ1 but not in mice deficient in RIZ1. While absence of RIZ1 was tumorigenic in mice fed the balanced diet, its presence did not prevent tumor formation in mice fed the imbalanced diet. Microarray and gene expression analysis showed that, unlike most of its related enzymes, RIZ1 was upregulated by methyl-balanced diet. Methyl-balanced diet did not fully repress oncogenes such as c-Jun in the absence of RIZ1. Higher RIZ1 activity was associated with greater H3 lysine 9 methylation in RIZ1 target genes as shown by chromatin immunoprecipiation analysis. Conclusions/Significance The data identify RIZ1 as a critical target of methyl-balanced diet in cancer prevention. The molecular understanding of dietary carcinogenesis may help people make informed choices on diet, which may greatly reduce the incidence of cancer.
Evidence for Merger Remnants in Early-Type Host Galaxies of Low-Redshift QSOs

We present results from a pilot HST ACS deep imaging study in broadband V of five low-redshift QSO host galaxies classified in the literature as ellipticals. The aim of our study is to determine whether these early-type hosts formed at high redshift and have since evolved passively, or whether they have undergone relatively recent mergers that may be related to the triggering of the nuclear activity. We perform two-dimensional modeling of the light distributions to analyze the host galaxies’ morphology. We find that, while each host galaxy is reasonably well fitted by a de Vaucouleurs profile, the majority of them (4/5) reveal significant fine structure such as shells and tidal tails. These structures contribute between ~5% and 10% to the total V-band luminosity of each host galaxy within a region of r ∼ 3reff and are indicative of merger events that occurred between a few hundred Myr and a Gyr ago. These timescales are comparable to starburst ages in the QSO hosts previously inferred from Keck spectroscopy. Our results thus support a consistent scenario in which most of the QSO host galaxies suffered mergers with accompanying starbursts that likely also triggered the QSO activity in some way, but we are also left with considerable uncertainty on physical mechanisms that might have delayed this triggering for several hundred Myr after the merger.
Containment and consensus-based distributed coordination control for voltage bound and reactive power sharing in AC microgrid

This paper offers a highly flexible and reliable control strategy to achieve voltage bounded regulation and accurate reactive power sharing coordinately in AC Micro-Grids. A containment and consensus-based distributed coordination controller is proposed, by which each output voltage magnitude can be bounded within a reasonable range and the accurate reactive power sharing among distributed generators can be also achieved. Combined with the two proposed controllers and electrical part of the AC Micro-Grid, a small signal model is fully developed to analyze the sensitivity of different control parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in case of load variation, communication failure, plug-and-play capability are verified by the experimental setup as an islanded Micro-Grid.
High Prevalence of Hypertension in a Danish Population Telemedical Home Measurement of Blood Pressure in Citizens Aged 55-64 Years in Holstebro County.

BACKGROUND Home blood pressure (HBP) is prognostically superior to office BP (OBP) and similar to ambulatory BP measurements. We determined the prevalence of hypertension using HBP with telemedical data transmission in the municipality of Holstebro, Denmark (57,000 citizens). METHODS Using the Civil Registration System, we invited citizens aged 55-64 years to have their OBP and HBP measured using telemedical data transmission. Elevated OBP was defined as ≥140/90mm Hg. HBP was measured 3 times daily on 3 consecutive days with 3 measurements on each occasion. HBP was the mean of all measurements on day 1 and 3, and hypertension was defined as ≥135/85mm Hg. RESULTS We included 3,102 citizens who had performed at least 12 HBP measurements during day 2 and 3. Group 1: (n = 1,464, 47%) had both normal OBP and HBP. Group 2: (n = 838, 27%) had both elevated OBP and HBP indicating persistent hypertension. Group 3: (n = 560, 18%) had elevated OBP and normal HBP indicating white coat hypertension (WCH). Group 4: (n = 240, 8%) had normal OBP and elevated HBP indicating masked hypertension (MH). Thus, 1,078 (35%, groups 2 and 4) were untreated or insufficiently treated. Awareness of hypertension was registered in 950 patients (31%) and of these 49% had a normal HBP. CONCLUSIONS This is the first large-scale study to eliminate completely reporting bias by using telemedical transmission of BP data. One third of citizens in the age group 55-64 years had an abnormally high HBP, and one fourth either had WCH or MH. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT02355392.
QoStat: a tool for the evaluation of QoS capable routers

This paper presents QoStat a GUI based tool, which gives us the possibility to visualize in real time the most important values related to QoS provision. With it we can also change on the fly the most important operational parameters of the mechanisms associated with QoS provision. In this way, it is possible to understand with depth the behavior of those systems--for instance, to study cause-effect relations between the values of the referred parameters and the QoS in fact provided to the different IP traffic flows or classes.
A real-time communication protocol considering load balancing in Ad hoc network

This paper proposes a real-time routing protocol considering balancing the load traffic in Ad hoc wireless network. Recently, the authors have proposed a multipath-based reliable routing protocol on MANETs called MRFR, which is an appealing protocol for real-time reliable data transmission in ad hoc networks. However, MRFR did not concern the problem of balancing load, which results in increasing congestion and consuming high energy at some network nodes. As a result, that affects negatively performance of the protocol when a node is congested. Taking account of load balancing as route selection criteria can avoid routing through these nodes and find better routes. In this paper, we extend MRFR by considering balancing load in routing process of real-time reliable communication in MANETs. Experiments on Qualnet simulator show that the proposed protocol outperforms MRLR and AODV in term of end-to-end delay, packet delivery radio, average jitter, and load balancing in network.
A dual flow bioreactor for cartilage tissue engineering

Preventing the onset of a degenerative disease like osteoarthritis by restoring tissue function before cartilage degradation occurs will decrease health costs, reduce socio-economic burdens of patients and preserve quality of life. However, producing ex vivo cartilage implants of clinically relevant size remains a challenge. Culturing isolated chondrocytes in an environment that resembles their native environment can stimulate the cells to deposit and rearrange extracellular matrix that is structurally similar to native cartilage. Bioreactors and hydrogels can provide such a setting ex vivo (Chapter 2). Articular cartilage has a particular location in the joint. It is situated between synovial fluid and the subchondral bone plate. Together with the avascular nature of cartilage, this has an important influence on nutrient supply, growth factor distribution and action of these compounds. Its function is also determined by the mechanical stimulation cartilage is subjected to. Both these key factors are captured in one device (Chapter 3). This bioreactor is then used to test how this particular growth factor and nutrient supply influences chondrocyte behavior in vitro (Chapter 4 and 5). Here we find that and matrix distribution of cells cultured in the bioreactor system show trends that resemble the profiles in native cartilage.
Plasma Levels of Acid-Labile Subunit, Free Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Prospective Study

Background: The acid-labile subunit (ALS) acts in the insulin-like growth (IGF) system by binding circulating IGF-I in a ternary complex with binding protein (IGFBP)-3 to prevent IGF-I from crossing the endothelial barrier. Given the role of the IGF system in prostate cancer, ALS may influence carcinogenesis by modulating IGF-I levels or bioavailability. Methods: We undertook a prospective study nested in the Physicians' Health Study to examine ALS, free IGF-I, and prostate cancer. We assayed circulating levels of ALS and IGF components among 545 incident cases and 545 matched controls. We calculated relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) adjusted for life-style factors, total IGF-I, and IGFBP3. Results: ALS was positively correlated with total IGF-I (r = 0.58), IGFBP3 (r = 0.68), and free IGF-I (r = 0.36). Comparing highest versus lowest quartiles, we found no association between free IGF-I and prostate cancer risk (RR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.6-1.3). In contrast, ALS was positively associated with risk among men in the 2nd (RR, 1.5; 94% CI, 1.0-2.3), 3rd (RR, 1.6; 94% CI, 1.1-2.5), and 4th quartiles (RR, 1.4; 94% CI, 0.9-2.1) compared with lowest quartile. The association was stronger for advanced stage tumors (RR, 2.0; 94% CI, 0.8-4.6). There was a suggestion of an interaction between ALS and total IGF-I, whereby high circulating IGF-I was associated with an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer among men with low but not higher ALS levels. Discussion: Plasma ALS is positively associated with prostate cancer risk, and may interact biologically with IGF-I to affect carcinogenesis. These data provide further support for the role of the IGF axis in prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(2); 484–91
Prostate-specific Antigen Promoter / Enhancer Driven Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer : Construction and Testing of a Tissue-specific Adenovirus Vector 1

A range of luciferase reporter vectors was constructed, incorporating 5*-flanking sequences from the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), human glandular kallikrein 2 (hKLK2), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoters for expression control. Tissue specificity was evaluated in the PSA-positive line LNCaP and PSA-negative cells from different tissues of origin (CoLo320, DG75, EJ, A2780, and Jurkat). The minimal 628-bp PSA andhKLK2 promoters showed only low-level expression in either PSA-positive or PSA-negative cells and showed no increase with the addition of androgen. Tandem duplication of the PSA promoter slightly increased expression in PSA-positive LNCaP cells. The addition of CMV enhancer sequences upstream of a single PSA or hKLK2 promoter substantially but nonspecifically increased luciferase expression in all cell lines tested. However, placing a 1455-bp PSA enhancer sequence upstream of either the PSA or hKLK2 promoters increased expression 20-fold in the PSA-positive cell line LNCaP but not in the PSA-negative lines. Tandem duplication of the PSA enhancer increased expression to ;50-fold higher than either promoter alone while retaining tissue-specific control. The level of expression was reduced by the addition of a third copy of the PSA enhancer. Expression from all enhancer constructs was increased 100-fold above basal levels when induced with the androgen dihydrotestosterone, with the PSA-based constructs consistently exhibiting roughly twice the level of expression of thehKLK2-based constructs at all androgen concentrations. Adenovirus vectors were produced in which either enhanced green fluorescent protein or nitroreductase could be expressed from the optimized PSA double enhancer-promoter construct and evaluated in LNCaP cells and the bladder-derived line EJ. Control vectors with the CMV promoter gave good levels of expression in both cell lines, whereas the PSA constructs only produced detectable levels of protein in the LNCaP cells as assessed by fluorescence of enhanced green fluorescent protein or by Western blotting of nitroreductase. LNCaP but not EJ cells were selectively sensitized to the prodrug CB1954 following infection with Ad-PSAEEP-NR. The PSA-based nitroreductase virus produced comparable amounts of nitroreductase and sensitization to CB1954 approaching that of the CMV-driven virus. Plasmid and adenovirus constructs combining PSA enhancer and promoter sequences demonstrate selective expression of linked genes in PSApositive cells. The expression is induced by androgen and gives therapeutically relevant levels of effector proteins.
Onset of spatially chaotic waves on flowing films.

Periodic two-dimensional waves on the surface of a flowing film are generally unstable. We have investigated their breakdown experimentally to determine the process by which film flows undergo a transition to spatiotemporal chaos. The two-dimensional secondary instabilities studied here are convective (like the primary instability); both subharmonic and sideband instabilities occur, but in different ranges of frequency
Improving digital reading experiences with mood-based content selection

Many present-day reading platforms for news consumption use topic selection and reading histories to filter reading content and feed the various recommender systems. In an attempt to overcome the deficiencies of this approach, we suggest an alternative: mood-based content selection with personalizations, based on the reading context (time and place). In this work,we conducted contextual inquiry sessions and designed an interactive prototype with iterative user feedback.
Levy Searches Based on A Priori Information: The Biased Levy Walk

Abstract : Searching for objects with unknown locations based on random walks can be optimized when the walkers obey Levy distributions with a critical exponent. We consider the problem of optimizing statistical searches when a priori information, such as location densities, are known. We consider both spatially dependent exponents and biased search directions. For spatially localized target distributions and non-destructive searches, the search is most improved by biasing the search direction.
Hairy1 acts as a node downstream of Wnt signaling to maintain retinal stem cell-like progenitor cells in the chick ciliary marginal zone

In the vertebrate retina, stem cell-like progenitor cells are maintained in a distinct region called the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ). Canonical Wnt signaling regulates the maintenance of the progenitor cells in the CMZ. However, its downstream molecular mechanisms have remained largely unclear. Here, we show that chick Hairy1, an established Notch signaling effector, mediates the Wnt-dependent maintenance of CMZ progenitor cells in chicken. Interestingly, unlike other developmental contexts in which Hes gene expression is regulated by Notch signaling, Hairy1 expression in the CMZ is regulated by Wnt signaling. Hairy1 is necessary and sufficient for the expression of a set of molecular markers characteristic of the CMZ, and Wnt2b fails to induce CMZ markers when Hairy1 activity is inhibited. Furthermore, microarray analysis identifies multiple Wnt-responsive transcription factors that activate Hairy1 expression. We thus propose that Hairy1 functions as a node downstream of Wnt signaling to maintain progenitor cells in the chick CMZ.
Identifying possible depression in clinical research: ethical and outcome considerations for the investigator/clinician.

Most nurse researchers are aware of the ethical implications of research including the need to ensure confidentiality for research participants, as well as to provide full disclosure of the risks and benefits of the study. However, another consideration that can impact methodology from the perspective of the protection of human subjects from research risks includes the measurement of certain psychosocial variables such as depression and appropriate disclosure of such information to research participants. This issue has received little attention in the nursing literature. The intent of this article is to provide an overview of (1) the importance of informing participants about possible depression, (2) issues of identifying potential depression in clinical research including those related to depression measures, (3) strategies for the investigator/clinician to ensure protection of research participants and potential impact of those strategies, and (4) considerations in addressing depression in study design and analysis.
Incremental Plan Recognition in an Agent programming Framework

Dans cet article, nous proposons un modele formel de la reconnaissance de plans en vue de l'inclure dans un formalisme de programmation d'agent. Le modele est base sur le calcul des situations et le langage de programmation d'agent ConGolog. Ceci fournit un langage tres riche pour la speci- fication des plans a reconnaitre. Notre modele supporte aussi la reconnaissance incrementale, ou l'ensemble des hypotheses de plans executes est filtre a mesure que les actions sont observees. Le modele est specifie en termes d'un systeme de transitions pour le langage de plans. Le modele supporte aussi les plans structures hierarchiquement et reconnait les relations entre un plan et les sous-plan qu'il contient. In this paper, we propose a formal model of plan recognition for inclusion in a cognitive agent programming framework. The model is based on the Situation Calculus and the ConGolog agent programming language. This provides a very rich plan specification language. Our account also supports incremental recognition, where the set of matching plans is progressively filtered as more actions are observed. This is specified using a transition system account. The model also supports hierarchically structured plans and recognizes subplan relationships.
Smart Materials in Damage Detection and Prognosis

Hardware for power, sensing, actuation and computing becomes a key issu in structural health monitoring and damage prognosis. This manuscript presents some thoughts on how smart materials can be nicely integrated into structures to form a n ability to perform online and fully integrated structural health monitoring and da mage prognosis. Several examples are presented indicated various steps in the inte grat on of hardware into structures to create a “slap on” sensor system that is self contained for monitoring structures while in service.