Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure of the Mid-Infrared-emitting Disk around WL 16

WL 16 is a unique member of the embedded young stellar population in the nearby ρ Ophiuchi cloud core: its extended, high surface brightness disk is visible only at mid-infrared wavelengths. We present diffraction-limited images, from 7.9 to 24.5 μm, of WL 16 acquired at the Keck II telescope. We take advantage of the ~0. ″3 angular resolution of the mid-infrared images to derive physical parameters for the central object by self-consistently combining them with available near-infrared spectroscopy, point-spread function fit photometry, and pre-main-sequence evolutionary tracks. We find the central star to be a 250 L☉, 4 M☉, Herbig Ae star, seen through foreground material of the ρ Oph cloud core that provides an extinction of AV = 31 ± 1 mag. WL 16's disk is detected through all nine observed passbands, not only those four that sample polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features. We confirm, therefore, that the emitting particles are composed of both PAHs and very small (5-100 Å) graphitic grains. The disk size as observed through the four PAH filters is 7′′ × 3. ″5, corresponding to a disk diameter of ~900 AU. The disk's major axis is at a position angle of 60° ± 2° and is viewed at an inclination angle of 62. °2 ± 0. °4 to our line of sight. Our derived inclination angle is in excellent agreement with the inclination previously inferred for the inner disk (R ≤ 30 R☉) from kinematic modeling of the near-infrared spectral lines of CO. We can distinguish structure within the PAH disk at unprecedented resolution. We confirm a resolved (1.″5 diameter) core component at 7.9 and 8.8 μm due to emission from positively charged PAHs. An enhancement in the emission at 12.5 μm at the disk's edges is found for the first time and signals the presence of larger (≥50-80 carbon atoms) and/or more hydrogenated PAHs than those found in the bulk of the disk. We find a disk asymmetry, observed at all nine mid-infrared wavelengths, at projected radii 1''-2. ″5 (corresponding to 125 AU ≤ r ≤ 300 AU) from the central source.
Robot to Human Approaches: Preliminary Results on Comfortable Distances and Preferences

This paper presents results from Human Robot Interaction (HRI) trials carried out at the University of Hertfordshire which examined how a robot companion must behave when fetching and carrying objects to and from human participants in a domestic ‘living room’ scenario. It was found that different social approach rules apply depending whether the interacting human is sitting, standing in the open, or against a wall or obstacle. The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the techniques for automatically annotating HRI trial videos with participant supplied comfort data. During the trial participants indicated via a Comfort Level Device (CLD) their preferences for robot approach distances. This data was correlated with distance measurements obtained from the CLD annotated video recording of the trials. The development of a postprocessing technique for overlaying a structured grid on to the video recordings of the trial, allowed a continuous record of both human and robot’s positions and distances during the HRI trials to be recorded. Implications and suggestions for further HRI trials and an improvement of the methodology conclude the paper.
Energy-Efficient Data Dissemination Protocol for Detouring Routing Holes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Void areas (holes) as an inevitable phenomenon exist in geographic routing of wireless sensor networks, because the unpredictable and harsh nature application environment or uneven energy consumption. Most of the existing schemes for the issue tend to construct a static detour path to bypass a hole. The static detour path may lead to uneven energy consumption of the nodes on the perimeter of the hole; thus it may enlarge the hole. At the same time, traffic would concentrate on the peripheral node of the hole; thus the nodes on the perimeter of the hole tend to be depleted quickly. In previous work, we have proposed a hole geometric model to reduce the energy consumption and packet collisions of the nodes on the hole boundary. This scheme, however, still has the static detour path problem. Therefore, we extend the previous work by constructing a dynamic detour path hole geometric model for wireless sensor networks in this paper. The location of hole detour anchor is dynamically shifted according to Gaussian function, just generating dynamic hole detour paths.
Host-Derived Smooth Muscle Cells Accumulate in Cardiac Allografts: Role of Inflammation and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

Transplant arteriosclerosis is characterized by inflammation and intimal thickening caused by accumulation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) both from donor and recipient. We assessed the relationship between clinical factors and the presence of host-derived SMCs in 124 myocardial biopsies from 26 consecutive patients who received hearts from opposite-sex donors. Clinical and demographic information was obtained from the patients' medical records. Host-derived SMCs accounted for 3.35±2.3% of cells in arterioles (range, 0.08–12.51%). As shown by linear regression analysis, an increased number of SMCs was associated with rejection grade (mean, 1.41±1.03, p = 0.034) and the number of leukocytes (19.1±12.7 per 20 high-power fields, p = 0.01). The accumulation of host-derived SMCs was associated with an increased number of leukocytes in the allografts. In vitro, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) released from leukocytes was crucial for SMC migration. After heart allotransplantion, mice treated with MCP-1-specific antibodies had significantly fewer host-derived SMCs in the grafts than mice treated with isotypic antibody controls. We conclude that the number of host-derived SMCs in human cardiac allografts is associated with the rejection grade and that MCP-1 may play pivotal role in recruiting host-derived SMCs into cardiac allografts.
Synthesis and Process Optimization of Electrospun PEEK-Sulfonated Nanofibers by Response Surface Methodology

In this study electrospun nanofibers of partially sulfonated polyether ether ketone have been produced as a preliminary step for a possible development of composite proton exchange membranes for fuel cells. Response surface methodology has been employed for the modelling and optimization of the electrospinning process, using a Box-Behnken design. The investigation, based on a second order polynomial model, has been focused on the analysis of the effect of both process (voltage, tip-to-collector distance, flow rate) and material (sulfonation degree) variables on the mean fiber diameter. The final model has been verified by a series of statistical tests on the residuals and validated by a comparison procedure of samples at different sulfonation degrees, realized according to optimized conditions, for the production of homogeneous thin nanofibers.
A Reflectance Model for Computer Graphics

This paper presents a new reflectance model for rendering computer synthesized images. The model accounts for the relative brightness of different materials and light sources in the same scene. It describes the directional distribution of the reflected light and a color shift that occurs as the reflectance changes with incidence angle. The paper presents a method for obtaining the spectral energy distribution of the light reflected from an object made of a specific real material and discusses a procedure for accurately reproducing the color associated with the spectral energy distribution. The model is applied to the simulation of a metal and a plastic.
New approaches towards the identification of antibiotic and vaccine targets in Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes more than one million deaths every year, mostly of young children in developing countries, due to pneumonia, bacteremia and meningitis. The emergence and dissemination of drug‐resistant pneumococcal strains, coupled to changing patterns of virulence and the inadequacy of available vaccines, calls for an aggressive search for novel targets for antibiotic and vaccine development. Microbial genomics techniques allow genetic and biochemical tools to be employed to tackle discovery, design and development of new anti‐infective agents based on the identification of hundreds of new targets. In this review, novel approaches employed to identify potential antibiotic and vaccine targets in S. pneumoniae are highlighted. Recently identified virulence factors, as well as molecules essential for bacterial viability, cell wall integrity and infectivity, are discussed.
Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: application to complete genomes.

We describe and validate a new membrane protein topology prediction method, TMHMM, based on a hidden Markov model. We present a detailed analysis of TMHMM's performance, and show that it correctly predicts 97-98 % of the transmembrane helices. Additionally, TMHMM can discriminate between soluble and membrane proteins with both specificity and sensitivity better than 99 %, although the accuracy drops when signal peptides are present. This high degree of accuracy allowed us to predict reliably integral membrane proteins in a large collection of genomes. Based on these predictions, we estimate that 20-30 % of all genes in most genomes encode membrane proteins, which is in agreement with previous estimates. We further discovered that proteins with N(in)-C(in) topologies are strongly preferred in all examined organisms, except Caenorhabditis elegans, where the large number of 7TM receptors increases the counts for N(out)-C(in) topologies. We discuss the possible relevance of this finding for our understanding of membrane protein assembly mechanisms. A TMHMM prediction service is available at http://www.cbs. dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/.
A Study on User Behavior and Acceptance of Electronic Banking Services

This paper presents a study which investigates user behavior towards electronic banking (e-banking) and particularly in internet banking based on behavioral theoretical models and scales such as the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the diffusion of innovations theory, the technology acceptance model (TAM) and Kirton’s adaptor-innovator scale (KAI). In this study, behavioral and personality patterns lead to certain hypothesis regarding adoption towards internet banking. In addition, we categorize the most important factors affecting e-banking and propose the use of dependencies among different factors within the e-banking infrastructure in order to assess potential impacts and risks.
Learning a Phrase-based Translation Model from Monolingual Data with Application to Domain Adaptation

Currently, almost all of the statistical machine translation (SMT) models are trained with the parallel corpora in some specific domains. However, when it comes to a language pair or a different domain without any bilingual resources, the traditional SMT loses its power. Recently, some research works study the unsupervised SMT for inducing a simple word-based translation model from the monolingual corpora. It successfully bypasses the constraint of bitext for SMT and obtains a relatively promising result. In this paper, we take a step forward and propose a simple but effective method to induce a phrase-based model from the monolingual corpora given an automatically-induced translation lexicon or a manually-edited translation dictionary. We apply our method for the domain adaptation task and the extensive experiments show that our proposed method can substantially improve the translation quality.
Phenotype Analysis and Quantification of Proliferating Cells in the Cortical Gray Matter of the Adult Rat

In intact adult mammalian brains, there are two neurogenic regions: the subependymal zone and the subgranular layer of the hippocampus. Even outside these regions, small numbers of proliferating precursors do exist. Many studies suggest that the majority of these are oligodendrocyte precursors that express NG2, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and most of the residual proliferating cells seem to be endothelial cells. However, it is still unclear whether NG2-immunonegative proliferating precursors are present, because previous studies have neglected their possible existence. In this study, we systematically analyzed the phenotypes of the proliferating cells in the intact adult rat cortical gray matter. We improved our techniques and carefully characterized the proliferating cells, because there were several problems with identifying and quantifying the proliferating cells: the detection of NG2-expressing cells was dependent on the fixation condition; there were residual proliferating leukocytes in the blood vessels; and two anti-NG2 antibodies gave rise to different staining patterns. Moreover, we used two methods, BrdU and Ki67 immunostaining, to quantify the proliferating cells. Our results strongly suggest that in the intact adult cerebral cortical gray matter, there were only two types of proliferating cells: the majority were NG2-expressing cells, including pericytes, and the rest were endothelial cells.
Where's the mote? Ask the MoteHunter!

Contrary to laboratory environments, real-world wireless sensor network deployments face harsh conditions where motes can be lost during deployment or in operation, for several reasons. Motes mounted on animals can easily detach. Fixed motes could get displaced by environmental conditions, e.g., heavy rains. These motes could contain valuable data and/or equipment, but finding them out in the wild could be quite challenging. Similar challenges arise in the cases where the placement of nodes is not known a priori, and yet in-field interaction with them (e.g., for data downloading or debugging) is needed. We present MoteHunter, a tool supporting in-field searching for motes, composed of: the Hunter, a special node with custom hardware and software and equipped with a directional antenna, and the Prey, which can be in principle any mote compliant with IEEE 802.15. 4, although a special small-footprint software component can be integrated with the application to simplify the search. We illustrate the architecture of MoteHunter and discuss our design choices quantitatively and qualitatively.
Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5

The content of dreams of children aged between three and five years old has been the topic of ongoing debate in past dream research. The bulk of this research was conducted by Foulkes (1982, 1999), who concluded that children of this age group experience impoverished dreams with little emotional content, an absence of active self-participation, and a lack of kinematic imagery (i.e., mental representations of movement, activities and interactions). These conclusions were based on the brief and mundane dream reports provided by children during his 1982 longitudinal laboratory study. However, Foulkes’ research did not test the children’s memory skills and ability to narrate an event, and did not compare these to the dream reports the children produced. The importance of memory skills and narrative ability as potential confounds when studying children’s dreams has been postulated in existing literature. In view of the findings of past studies on young children’s dreams and their cognitive capacity for dreaming, the present study re-examined the quantitative and qualitative features of dream reports of children aged three to five years old. The present study included parameters of testing memory skills and narrative ability to analyse whether these confound the dream report findings, and if so, whether one can draw any firm conclusions about dreams based on a dream report provided by the children. This research consisted of two parts. The main purpose of the first part of this study was to investigate existing research findings suggesting that children between the ages of three and five years old have impoverished dreams. This part of the study set out to test whether these findings might be an artefact of poor memory and poor narrative skills within this age group. To explore this, 51 children aged three to five years old from local pre-schools were interviewed to report their most recent dream and to recall a story their parents had read to them the previous night. Dream reports and story recalls were compared in terms of both the number of words used and the number of narrative items reported. Results revealed a strong positive correlation between words used in dream report and story recall (r = .75, p < .01) and narrative element count in dream report and story recall (r = .72, p < .01). As predicted, these results suggested that immature memory development may be a confounding factor in the ability of children to report a dream. Furthermore, the first part of the study aimed to examine whether familiarity with the interviewer would result in longer and more detailed dream reports and story recalls. Dream
Design of Continuous Time Multibit Sigma Delta ADC for Next Generation Wireless Applications

This paper presents the design of CT ΣΔ modulator which can provide high DR and SNR over a 20 MHz signal bandwidth. So far all the CT SDM uses either feedback or feedforward loop filter architecture. The proposed topology is a 3rd order low-pass sigma-delta modulator, which employs a combination of feedforward and feedback schemes. Loop filter is designed as RC integrators due to its high linearity and easy interface. The design starts from system level using Matlab/Simulink. Then, the first integrator in the loop, which is the most critical block in the modulator, is implemented at transistor level using Cadence Virtuoso 180 nm CMOS technology.
Homogeneous Auxin Steady States and Spontaneous Oscillations in Flux-Based Auxin Transport Models

We consider patterns formed by active transport of auxin in a tissue, where the accumulation of transporters is activated by local fluxes of auxin. We characterize the steady states for which auxin is homogeneous in the tissue. Under a condition of regularity of the dependence of transporters to the flux, we can prove that one of these steady states, with zero flux everywhere, is always locally asymptotically stable. When the condition of regularity is not satisfied, by a combination of analytic and numeric results, we show that the same steady state may undergo bifurcations and become unstable. In particular, we can observe stable oscillations via Hopf bifurcation in the system having the form of a row of cells. This paper presents that flux-based active transport alone is enough to induce spontaneous oscillations of auxin in a tissue.
A Novel Method for Tempo Detection of INDIC Tala-s

Perceived tempo for tablaa accompaniment in a composition, is an important parameter to represent and transcript the rhythmic pattern of a composition, in the context of Indian classical music. If such parameters can be detected then it enables organized archiving and retrieval of rhythm data in Music Information Retrieval system. A simple and novel methodology for detecting tempo is presented in this paper. This method is based on the extraction of beat/stroke/bol duration for any theka of INDIC tala-s, rendered with single, composite or absent strokes. Analysis and experiment with number of audio clips of tablaa signal for various tala, tempo and rendering, illustrates the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methodology.
Development of a computerised decisions support system for renal risk drugs targeting primary healthcare

Objectives To assess general practitioners (GPs) experience from the implementation and use of a renal computerised decision support system (CDSS) for drug dosing, developed for primary healthcare, integrated into the patient’s electronic health record (EHR), and building on estimation of the patient's creatinine clearance (ClCG). Design Qualitative research design by a questionnaire and a focus group discussion. Setting and participants Eight GPs at two primary healthcare centres (PHCs). Interventions The GP at PHC 1, and the project group, developed and tested the technical solution of the CDSS. Proof-of-concept was tested by seven GPs at PHC 2. They also participated in a group discussion and answered a questionnaire. A web window in the EHR gave drug and dosage in relation to ClCG. Each advice was according to three principles: If? Why? Because. Outcome measures (1) The GPs’ experience of ‘easiness to use’ and ‘perceived usefulness’ at PHC 2, based on loggings of use, answers from a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale, and answers from a focus group discussion. (2) The number of patients aged 65 years and older with an estimation of ClCG before and after the implementation of the CDSS. Results The GPs found the CDSS fast, simple and easy to use. They appreciated the automatic presentation of the CICG status on opening the medication list, and the ability to actively look up specific drug recommendations in two steps. The CDSS scored high on the Likert scale. All GPs wanted to continue the use of the CDSS and to recommend it to others. The number of patients with an estimated ClCG increased 1.6-fold. Conclusions Acceptance of the simple graphical interface of this push and pull renal CDSS was high among the primary care physicians evaluating this proof of concept. The graphical model should be useful for further development of renal decision support systems.
of trials to identify features critical to success decision support systems: a systematic review Improving clinical practice using clinical

Objective To identify features of clinical decision support systems critical for improving clinical practice. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources Literature searches via Medline, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register up to 2003; and searches of reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews. Study selection Studies had to evaluate the ability of decision support systems to improve clinical practice. Data extraction Studies were assessed for statistically and clinically significant improvement in clinical practice and for the presence of 15 decision support system features whose importance had been repeatedly suggested in the literature. Results Seventy studies were included. Decision support systems significantly improved clinical practice in 68% of trials. Univariate analyses revealed that, for five of the system features, interventions possessing the feature were significantly more likely to improve clinical practice than interventions lacking the feature. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified four features as independent predictors of improved clinical practice: automatic provision of decision support as part of clinician workflow (P < 0.00001), provision of recommendations rather than just assessments (P = 0.0187), provision of decision support at the time and location of decision making (P = 0.0263), and computer based decision support (P = 0.0294). Of 32 systems possessing all four features, 30 (94%) significantly improved clinical practice. Furthermore, direct experimental justification was found for providing periodic performance feedback, sharing recommendations with patients, and requesting documentation of reasons for not following recommendations. Conclusions Several features were closely correlated with decision support systems’ ability to improve patient care significantly. Clinicians and other stakeholders should implement clinical decision support systems that incorporate these features whenever feasible and appropriate.