Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relief of Periorbital Pain After Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma Attack by Botulinum Toxin Type A

PurposeTo assess the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection in patients suffering from intractable periorbital pain after acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG). Patients and MethodsIn this prospective randomized intervention study, 19 patients suffering from periorbital pain after an AACG attack were injected with BoNT-A or placebo for pain relief. Patients were assessed on days 1, 2, 7, 14, 30, 60, and 90. The main outcomes were mean change of visual analog rating scale (VARS) and index scores measured through a quality-of-life questionnaire (EQ-5D), and changes in the visual analog scale (VAS), all of which were assessed at each visit. A secondary outcome was the frequency and nature of adverse events and the number of patients who withdrew from the study as a result. ResultsIn the treatment group (n=10), the mean index score of EQ-5D and VAS changed significantly from the placebo group (by 0.299 and 2.61, respectively) from day 2 (P<0.01). The VARS of EQ-5D also disclosed significant changes from day 2 (17, P<0.01). In addition, efficacy was maintained mainly between days 2 and 60 but declined slightly by day 90. The most frequently reported treatment-related adverse events in the treatment and placebo groups were local tenderness (21%), subcutaneous hemorrhage (10.5%), and conjunctivitis (10.5%). No severe adverse events were reported during the study or follow-up period. ConclusionsBoNT-A is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of periorbital pain after an AACG attack. Its effects may be maintained for 3 months.
Functional Characterization of the Proteolytic System of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis DSM 20451T during Growth in Sourdough

ABSTRACT Protein hydrolysis and amino acid metabolism contribute to the beneficial effects of sourdough fermentation on bread quality. In this work, genes of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis strain DSM 20451 involved in peptide uptake and hydrolysis were identified and their expression during growth in sourdough was determined. Screening of the L. sanfranciscensis genome with degenerate primers targeting prt and analysis of proteolytic activity in vitro provided no indication for proteolytic activity. Proteolysis in aseptic doughs and sourdoughs fermented with L. sanfranciscensis was inhibited upon the addition of an aspartic protease inhibitor. These results indicate that proteolysis was not linked to the presence of L. sanfranciscensis DSM 20451 and that this strain does not harbor a proteinase. Genes encoding the peptide transport systems Opp and DtpT and the intracellular peptidases PepT, PepR, PepC, PepN, and PepX were identified. Both peptide uptake systems and the genes pepN, pepX, pepC, and pepT were expressed by L. sanfranciscensis growing exponentially in sourdough, whereas pepX was not transcribed. The regulation of the expression of Opp, DtpT, and PepT during growth of L. sanfranciscensis in sourdough was investigated. Expression of Opp and DtpT was reduced approximately 17-fold when the peptide supply in dough was increased. The expression of PepT was dependent on the peptide supply to a lesser extent. Thus, the accumulation of amino nitrogen by L. sanfranciscensis in dough is attributable to peptide hydrolysis rather than proteolysis and amino acid metabolism by L. sanfranciscensis during growth in sourdough is limited by the peptide availability.
Turnaround Insights from the Organizational Sciences: A Review of the Empirical Evidence and the Development of a Staged Model of Recovery with Potential Implications for the PK–12 Education Sector

In this article, we review research from the organizational sciences to develop lessons for educators and policy makers. The approach is an integrative review of the literature. We employ a comprehensive process to unpack and make sense of the turnaround literature from the organizational sciences. We rely on strategies appropriate for document analysis, and borrow analytic strategies (e.g., memoing, coding) employed with interview data. We capture insights from the five major research pathways for studying organizational turnaround. We blend research findings into seven dimensions within the two-stage model of retrenchment and recovery. We then outline more explicitly four macro-level conclusions for educators and policymakers. We posit that the literature on turning around failing organizations in sectors outside of education provides blueprints for recovery activity in failing schools. The implications for turnaround leadership are particularly strong. This is the first systematic effort to mine research in the corporate, nonprofit, and public sectors to develop a staged framework for shaping efforts to turn around failing schools.
Morpheme-Enhanced Spectral Word Embedding

Traditional word embedding models only learn word-level semantic information from corpus while neglect the valuable semantic information of words’ internal structures such as morphemes. To address this problem, the goal of this paper is to exploit the morphological information to enhance the quality of word embeddings. Based on spectral method, we propose two word embedding models: Morpheme on Original view and Morpheme on Context view (MOMC) and Morpheme on Context view (MC). In vector space of MOMC and MC, both semanticsimilar words and morphological-similar words locate near with each other. In experiments, MOMC, MC and the baselines are tested on word similarity and sentiment classification. The results show that our models outperform all comparative baselines on six datasets of word similarity and win the first on sentiment classification as well. Based on a large German corpus, we also inspect the ability of word embeddings to process morphemerich languages by using German word similarity task. The result shows that MOMC and MC significantly outperform the baselines more than 5 percentage on one dataset and nearly 4 percentage on the other. These impressive improvements demonstrate the effectiveness of our models in dealing with morpheme-rich languages like German.
Witches ways of knowing: integrative learning in joining a marginalized group

Although the literature on adult learning is extensive, most of the content is based on research with adults who enrolled in mainstream groups and organizations. Why adults would engage in learning to become a member of a marginalized group and the learning process they undergo to achieve that goal is a question that has been largely ignored in previous research. The authors of this study wanted to know how the decision to join a stigmatized, less visible and less accessible group would be different from or similar to the motivation for participation in mainstream groups. Further, they were interested to determine the nature of the learning process and how it extends what they already knew about the learning process. Wicca was chosen as the context for the study because Wiccans are not easily accessible and provide instances of harassment from employers, friends and family, both indications of a marginalized group. Data were gathered by personal interviews and analysed by the constant comparison method. Adults who embark on the learning experience to become a Wiccan are motivated by an intense internal curiosity that may begin in childhood, that is prompted by recognizing they are different from other people and/or that they cannot find satisfactory answers to questions about the meaning of life. The deeply internal motivation is enduring for years, even decades for some. The components of the learning process include the initial motivation, an exploratory period of self-directed study and a focused component where learners participate in formal classes, experiential learning activities, reflection and mentoring. The complementary nature of these three components reflects an integrated learning process.
Review Article : State Building and the Revolutionary Transformation of Rural Society in North China

Prasenjit Duara, in his newly published Culture, Power, and the State: RuralNorth China, 1900-1942 (1988), is, in terms of theory building, nothing if not ambitious. Here he proposes, for example, a new concept of statesociety relations to replace the long-standing &dquo;gentry society&dquo; paradigm; he challenges G. William Skinner’s scheme of standard marketing communities as the spatial unit that defined the parameters of the peasants’ economic, social, and political universe; he argues that the Chinese state, rather than disintegrating in the early twentieth century was, in fact, undergoing a continuous process of state making; and he endeavors, on the basis of all this, to explain the Communist victory in 1949-disputing, in the process, the interpretations of Chalmers Johnson and Theda Skocpol. In addition, he offers new ways of looking at, inter alia, lineages, popular religion, and the twentieth-century peasants’ bugaboo, tankuan. Because of its theoretical flair and numerous insights into the political life of China’s rural society, Culture, Power, and the State is a rich and challenging work that provides new ways of looking at the lower reaches of China’s political hierarchy and at the revolutionary transformation of China during the past century. All of this theoretical adventurousness is, however, a bit breathtaking, especially in view of the fact that the core data for the study are drawn from surveys of just six small north China villages. ’ 1
Dendritic cells are accessory cells for the development of anti- trinitrophenyl cytotoxic T lymphocytes

This study establishes that dendritic cells (DC) are the critical accessory cells for the development of anti-trinitrophenol (TNP) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in vitro. We developed a model in which nylon wool-nonadherent spleen cells were used both as the responding and stimulating cells, the latter having been TNP-modified and x- irradiated. Thy-1-bearing CTL developed in C57BL/6, B6D2F1, and CBA mice only when small numbers of DC were added. Maximal responses in 5-d cultures were achieved with 0.5-1 DC/100 responding T cells. The DC did not have to be TNP modified directly. Anti-Ia and complement inactivated accessory cells, whereas similar treatment of the responders had no effect. DC exposed to ultraviolet radiation were ineffective, but x-irradiated DC were fully active. Culture media from DC, or from DC-nylon wool-passed spleen T cell cocultures that contained abundant CTL, would not substitute for viable DC. Enriched preparations of macrophages (M phi) were obtained from blood, peritoneal cavity, and spleens of BCG-immune and unprimed mice. M phi added at doses of 0.2-4% were weak or inactive as accessory cells. The level of Ia antigens on test M phi populations was quantitated and visualized by binding of a radioiodinated monoclonal anti-I-Ab,d antibody, clone B-21. M phi that bore substantial amounts of Ia from all organs were weak accessory cells. Addition of M phi to DC-T cell cocultures produced inhibitory effects, usually at a dose of 2% M phi. In contrast, 0.5% Ia-bearing M phi from BCG-immune boosted mice inhibited > 80% of the DC-mediated CTL response. Addition of indomethacin reversed M phi inhibition, and 10(-9) M prostaglandin E2 in turn blocked the indomethacin effect. Indomethacin also restored a low level of accessory cell function in immune-boosted adherent peritoneal cells, but not in preparations of monocytes and spleen M phi. Small numbers of DC were identified in preparations of immune- boosted peritoneal cells and may have accounted for the observed accessory activity. We conclude that the development of anti-TNP CTL is an immune response in which (a) DC are the critical accessory cells; (b) Ia-bearing M phi are weak or inactive; and (c) M phi can inhibit DC- mediated response by an indomethacin-sensitive mechanism.
Children's perceptions of primary science assessment in England and Wales

This study builds on and contributes to work on assessment of children in primary school, particularly in science. Previous research has examined primary science assessment from different standpoints, but no studies have specifically addressed children's perspectives. This article provides additional insight into issues surrounding children's assessment in primary school and how the assessment of science might develop in England after the science SATs (Standard Assessment Tests) were abolished in 2009. Some research suggests that primary science assessment via SATs is a major reason for the observed decline in children's engagement with science in upper primary and lower secondary school. The analytic focus on engaging children as coresearchers to assist in the process of gathering informed views and interpreting findings from a large sample of children's views enables another contribution. The study, based on a survey of 1000 children in primary and secondary schools in England and Wales, reveals that despite being assessed under two different regimes (high-stakes national tests in England and moderated teacher assessment in Wales), children's views of science assessment are remarkably consistent. Most appreciate the usefulness of science assessment and value frequent, non-SATs testing for monitoring/improving science progress. There was a largely negative impact, however, of science assessment on children's well-being, particularly due to stress. The paper demonstrates that children provide an important perspective on assessment and that including their views can improve policy-making in relation to primary science assessment.
Why are most organelle genomes transmitted maternally?

Why the DNA‐containing organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria, are inherited maternally is a long standing and unsolved question. However, recent years have seen a paradigm shift, in that the absoluteness of uniparental inheritance is increasingly questioned. Here, we review the field and propose a unifying model for organelle inheritance. We argue that the predominance of the maternal mode is a result of higher mutational load in the paternal gamete. Uniparental inheritance evolved from relaxed organelle inheritance patterns because it avoids the spread of selfish cytoplasmic elements. However, on evolutionary timescales, uniparentally inherited organelles are susceptible to mutational meltdown (Muller's ratchet). To prevent this, fall‐back to relaxed inheritance patterns occurs, allowing low levels of sexual organelle recombination. Since sexual organelle recombination is insufficient to mitigate the effects of selfish cytoplasmic elements, various mechanisms for uniparental inheritance then evolve again independently. Organelle inheritance must therefore be seen as an evolutionary unstable trait, with a strong general bias to the uniparental, maternal, mode.
Idealist Activism and Meaning Management in Social Movement Organizations

ABSTRACT Transnational social movement organizations manage meaning and transmit meaning across borders. Organizations in the peace and human rights sector also often deal overtly in the construction, framing, translation, and distribution of meanings. This article describes a hybrid form of idealism that is defined herein as ‘idealist activism’. In describing idealist activism, this article identifies a form of meaning management that emphasizes engagement with humanity both in the service of and in the quest for universal truths and tenets, as opposed to the more widely acknowledged cosmopolitanism emphasis on engagement with universal truths and tenets in the service of humanity. The significance of idealist activism is explained not just in terms of the depth and breadth of its influence, but also with regard to its pertinence as an alternative to both political cosmopolitanism and religious idealism.
Sociological Aspects of Organizational Symbolism

not as a sociologist, but as an engineer of sorts, working in engineering shops, gas appliance factories and metallurgical laboratories. Subsequent sociological training helped me to start to make sense of these diverse organizational experiences, and when I re-entered industrial organizations to look with a sociologist’s eye, and to listen with a sociologist’s ear, I felt that I should be concerned to record and to explain the distinctive cultural features of the industrial organization, to outline the different ’context of meaning’ inhabited by those people whom I met and got to know. This attitude created some problems for me, since I was employed on a project which was not explicitly concerned with such matters, since its purpose was to
Simulating Kinect Infrared and Depth Images

With the emergence of the Microsoft Kinect sensor, many developer communities and research groups have found countless uses and have already published a wide variety of papers that utilize the raw depth images for their specific goals. New methods and applications that use the device generally require an appropriately large ensemble of data sets with accompanying ground truth for testing purposes, as well as accurate models that account for the various systematic and stochastic contributors to Kinect errors. Current error models, however, overlook the intermediate infrared (IR) images that directly contribute to noisy depth estimates. We, therefore, propose a high fidelity Kinect IR and depth image predictor and simulator that models the physics of the transmitter/receiver system, unique IR dot pattern, disparity/depth processing technology, and random intensity speckle and IR noise in the detectors. The model accounts for important characteristics of Kinect's stereo triangulation system, including depth shadowing, IR dot splitting, spreading, and occlusions, correlation-based disparity estimation between windows of measured and reference IR images, and subpixel refinement. Results show that the simulator accurately produces axial depth error from imaged flat surfaces with various tilt angles, as well as the bias and standard lateral error of an object's horizontal and vertical edge.
Adaptively constrained stochastic model predictive control applied to security constrained optimal power flow

The number of renewable energy sources in electricity grids is growing and with it the associated uncertainty. For power system operation a good tradeoff between security and cost becomes increasingly important. We consider the problem of including uncertainty from renewable in-feed in a DC security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) by formulating chance constraints. The chance-constrained SCOPF is solved repeatedly and can be understood as a chance-constrained Model Predictive Control (MPC) problem, where the time coupling comes from storage in the system and the associated dynamics. The main focus of the paper is to reformulate the problem in a non-conservative way, i.e., to exploit the predefined violation level of the chance constraints based on their empirical closed-loop violations in order to achieve a good tradeoff between operational security and cost. We use and extend a recently proposed adaptive stochastic MPC scheme that starts with a standard conservative chance-constrained reformulation and then adapts the formulation of the constraints online based on the empirical violation level. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a 5-bus network.
Rectifying loose coils: Wireless power transfer in loosely coupled inductive links with lateral and angular misalignment

This article presents novel analytic solutions to the problem of predicting the power transfer efficiency between lateral and angularly misaligned solenoidal coils. Inductive coupling is extensively used as a method of wireless powering and offers significant advantages over wired powering schemes. However, coil misalignment is an inherent problem that can significantly impair the power transfer efficiency of such systems. This article describes a novel analytical derivation for the near field power transfer efficiency of loosely coupled inductive links under lateral and angular coil misalignment. The analytical power transfer expressions given show good agreement with experimental data. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that the effect on the link efficiency of variation of a specific parameter in the model can quickly be identified. This model can predict the response of the system under misalignment conditions, with different coil geometries, and operating frequencies without the need for repeated and costly simulation runs. This allows a designer to create a model of a WPT system with a mathematical package such as Mathcad to explore “what if? ” situations. The approach taken in this article can be extended to other coil geometries such a circular flat spirals and square flat spirals to obtain modified versions of (13) and (17), [18], [19].
Supporting program comprehension with source code summarization

One of the main challenges faced by today's developers is keeping up with the staggering amount of source code that needs to be read and understood. In order to help developers with this problem and reduce the costs associated with it, one solution is to use simple textual descriptions of source code entities that developers can grasp easily, while capturing the code semantics precisely. We propose an approach to automatically determine such descriptions, based on automated text summarization technology.
A multinational study of mental disorders, marriage, and divorce

Breslau J, Miller E, Jin R, Sampson NA, Alonso J, Andrade LH, Bromet EJ, de Girolamo G, Demyttenaere K, Fayyad J, Fukao A, Gălăon M, Gureje O, He Y, Hinkov HR, Hu C, Kovess‐Masfety V, Matschinger H, Medina‐Mora ME, Ormel J, Posada‐Villa J, Sagar R, Scott KM, Kessler RC. A multinational study of mental disorders, marriage, and divorce.
The ALICE experience: A learning framework to promote gaming literacy for educators and its refinement

Educators are facing the challenge to use the learning potential of games from several complementary objectives. Above all, they need to develop their own competencies and critical thinking on games. The overarching framework for a fruitful answer to this challenge could be structured around a particular type of literacy, the so-called gaming literacy. This new type of literacy seeks to provide a firm ground for cultivating a new type of thinking about the world that is more close to the children's way of thinking: “What does the world look like from the point of view of gaming? ” To enable educators effectively move towards this direction, it is important to formalize the professional knowledge and skills they need to develop, offer new learning opportunities for them (either pre-service or in-service) and build communities of practice within which they could exchange their experiences and continue their professional development. We present our work towards this direction, the underlying learning framework, its initial conception, the first pilot implementation and directions of further developments focusing on mobile games.