Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A parsimonious constraint-based algorithm to induce Bayesian network structures from data

In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, called MP-Bayes, which induces Bayesian network structures from data based on entropy measures. One of the main features of this method is its parsimonious nature: it tends to represent the joint probability distribution underlying the data with the least number of arcs. While other methods that build Bayesian networks tend to overfit the data, MP-Bayes creates models that seem to have an adequate trade-off between accuracy and complexity. To support such a claim, we compare the performance of MP-Bayes, in terms of classification, against those of four different Bayesian network classifiers. The results show that our procedure generalizes well in a wide range of situations.
Novel diagnosis technique of mass unbalance in rotor of induction motor by the analysis of motor starting current at no load through wavelet transform

This paper presents an improved technique for detection of mass unbalance in rotor of an induction motor by the analysis of transient stator current during starting period using both discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and continuous wavelet transform(CWT). The unbalanced magnetic pull due to centrifugal force developed for mass unbalance in rotor produces excessive vibration in the rotor as well as in the stator, resulting changes in air gap flux distribution which induces voltage in the rotor and in the stator and generation of unique signature pattern in the stator current. During starting, unbalanced magnetic pull is very high, the rotor is pulled across the whole air gap which increases the amplitudes level of the harmonics already present and generation of new harmonics due to this fault in the stator current. In the present paper, the starting current at no load is captured and analysed for diagnosing the motor fault. As motor current signature (MCS) significantly depends on loading condition of the induction motor during steady state, the detection of faults using MCS at no load or light load by FFT technique is difficult. This has been overcome by this proposed improved technique as motor current does not depend on load and is very high even at no load during starting. This technique has been developed and implemented in the laboratory using machine fault simulator.
A pipelined VLSI architecture for Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO) filter and deblocking filter of HEVC

This paper present a high throughput design for Sample Adaptive offset (SAO) filter and deblocking filter used in an HEVC decoder. A five-stage pipelined architecture is proposed to support both SAO filter and deblocking filter on a 32 × 32 pixel block basis. Deblocking filter and SAO filter can work simultaneously in consecutive pipeline stages. The on-chip SRAM can also be shared by deblocking filter and SAO filter. Coupled with the novel filter order, an interlaced SRAM memory mapping scheme is proposed to increase the throughput for deblocking filter. The experimental results show that our design can support 4K × 2K@60 fps (4096 × 2304) HEVC video sequence at the working frequency of only 60.8 MHz.
A Novel Approach for Characterizing Expression Levels of Genes Duplicated by Polyploidy

Studying gene expression in polyploids is complicated by genomewide gene duplication and the problem of distinguishing transcript pools derived from each of the two homeologous genomes such as the A- and D-genomes of allotetraploid Gossypium. Short oligonucleotide probes designed to specifically target several hundred homeologous gene pairs of Gossypium were printed on custom NimbleGen microarrays. These results demonstrate that relative expression levels of homeologous genes may be measured by microarrays and that deviation from equal expression levels of homeologous loci may be common in the allotetraploid nucleus of Gossypium.
Data augmentation and language model adaptation

A method is presented for augmenting word n-gram counts in a matrix which represents a 2-gram language model (LM) This method is based on numerical distances in a reduced space obtained by singular value decomposition. Rescoring word lattices in a spoken dialogue application using an LM containing augmented counts has lead to a word error rate (WER) reduction of 6.5%. By further interpolating augmented counts with the counts extracted from a very large newspaper corpus, but only for selected histories, a total WER reduction of 11.7% was obtained. We show that this approach gives better results than a global count interpolation for all histories of the LM.
Cryptography and Shift Registers

Shift registers are at the heart of cryptography and error-correction. In cryptography they are the main tool for generating long pseudorandom binary sequences which can be used as keys for two communicating parties in symmetric cryptography. Practically all military cryptography makes use of them. Shift registers are also fundamental in signal analysis and frequency hopping, most recently in connection with European GPS codes. The subject has a chequered history. One of the pioneers was a famous Hollywood star who, in her day, was known as the worlds most beautiful woman and wrote one of the earliest patents on frequency hopping which was developed by the US military. We speak of the Austrian-born Hedwig Maria Eva Kiesler, otherwise known as Hedy Lamarr. The development of spread spectrum technology was first proposed by Lamarr using frequency hopping. She obtained a patent after coming to Hollywood in 1942 and turned it over to the US government as a contribution to the war effort. Shortly after the patent expired in 1959 Sylvania digitize the synchronization to supply secure communication during the Cuban missile crisis. This paper presents a user-friendly, self-contained and comprehensive discussion of the theory of shift registers. Moreover, we provide several examples (and counterexamples) in support of the theory. In the non-linear case we study the relationship between truth tables and de Bruijn sequences. In the linear case, we use a matrix-theoretic approach to describe the situations when the output is periodic and when it is not periodic. Section three describes additional periodicity properties, using the Cayley-Hamilton theorem and the theory of error-correcting codes. In Section six, we prove a fundamental result to the effect that, for non-singular shift registers of length k, the entire output is uniquely determined by any 2k consecutive bits of the output sequence. Although the result is part of the folk lore, it is certainly not well understood and there appears to be a lack of any rigorous proof in the literature. An additional bonus of our proof here is that it can be adapted to provide a new algorithm for demonstrating a little-known, and remarkable fact. Namely, we provide the most general method for constructing two quite different shift registers of the same length that produce identical output sequences! A new result concerning such shift registers is also sketched in Section six.
RBC Capital Markets

1.1 The Simple and Extended Kalman Filters 1.1.1 Background and Notations In this section we describe both the traditional Kalman Filter used for linear systems and its extension to nonlinear systems known as the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The latter is based upon a first order linearization of the transition and measurement equations and therefore would coincide with the traditional filter when the equations are linear. For a detailed introduction, see Harvey (1989) or Welch and Bishop (2002). Given a dynamic process x k following a transition equation x k = f(x k−1,wk) (1)
How Much Did Manipulation Distort the Libor? Job Market Paper

The Libor is a vital benchmark interest rate formed by an unregulated survey of sixteen large banks. These banks own many Libor-referencing contracts and therefore have strong incentives to submit misleading quotes to the survey. In this paper, I measure how much they distorted the Libor between 2005 and 2009. To do so, I specify a model of strategic manipulation which captures the key features of the Libor aggregation mechanism. I use a two-step estimator to back out banks’ unobserved portfolio exposures through their revealed preferences. I find the Libor was accurate prior to the 2007 financial crisis, but was subsequently distorted downward by eight basis points, which cost U.S. municipalities $455 million over the sample period. I propose an alternative aggregation mechanism and find it removes virtually all the systematic bias due to manipulation.
Elucidation of Toxicity Pathways in Lung Epithelial Cells Induced by Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles

A study into the effects of amorphous nano-SiO2 particles on A549 lung epithelial cells was undertaken using proteomics to understand the interactions that occur and the biological consequences of exposure of lung to nanoparticles. Suitable conditions for treatment, where A549 cells remained viable for the exposure period, were established by following changes in cell morphology, flow cytometry, and MTT reduction. Label-free proteomics was used to estimate the relative level of proteins from their component tryptic peptides detected by mass spectrometry. It was found that A549 cells tolerated treatment with 100 µg/ml nano-SiO2 in the presence of 1.25% serum for at least 4 h. After this time detrimental changes in cell morphology, flow cytometry, and MTT reduction were evident. Proteomics performed after 4 h indicated changes in the expression of 47 proteins. Most of the proteins affected fell into four functional groups, indicating that the most prominent cellular changes were those that affected apoptosis regulation (e.g. UCP2 and calpain-12), structural reorganisation and regulation of actin cytoskeleton (e.g. PHACTR1), the unfolded protein response (e.g. HSP 90), and proteins involved in protein synthesis (e.g. ribosomal proteins). Treatment with just 10 µg/ml nano-SiO2 particles in serum-free medium resulted in a rapid deterioration of the cells and in medium containing 10% serum the cells were resistant to up to 1000 µg/ml nano-SiO2 particles, suggesting interaction of serum components with the nanoparticles. A variety of serum proteins were found which bound to nano-SiO2 particles, the most prominent of which were albumin, apolipoprotein A-I, hemoglobin, vitronectin and fibronectin. The use of a proteomics platform, with appropriately designed experimental conditions, enabled the early biological perturbations induced by nano-SiO2 in a model target cell system to be identified. The approach facilitates the design of more focused test systems for use in tiered evaluations of nanomaterials.
Supporting Indigenous Children's Development: Community-University Partnerships

Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Turning the World Upside Down Chapter 2: Harnessing the Potential of Partnership Chapter 3: Co-Constructing Curriculum from the Inside Out Chapter 4: Sitting Backwards at Our Desks Chapter 5: Grounding Learning in the Heart of Communities Chapter 6: Transforming Knowledge through Trust and Respect Chapter 7: Asserting the Power of Not Knowing Chapter 8: Supporting Children and Families with Sustained Community Transformations References Index
Observational Effects of Anomalous Boundary Layers in Relativistic Jets

Recent theoretical work has pointed out that the transition layer between a jet and the medium surrounding it may be more complex than previously thought. Under physically realizable conditions, the transverse profile of the Lorentz factor in the boundary layer can be nonmonotonic, displaying the absolute maximum where the flow is faster than at the jet spine, followed by a steep falloff. Likewise, the rest-mass density reaches an absolute minimum (coincident with the maximum in Lorentz factor) and then grows until it reaches the external medium value. Such behavior is in contrast to the standard monotonic decline of the Lorentz factor (from a maximum value at the jet central spine) and the corresponding increase of the rest-mass density (from the minimum reached at the jet core). We study the emission properties of the aforementioned anomalous shear layer structures in kiloparsec-scale jets, aiming to show observable differences with respect to conventional monotonic and smooth boundary layers.
V2051 Ophiuchi after superoutburst : out-of-plane material and the superhump light source

Aims. We performed a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the dwarf nova V2051 Oph at the end of its 1999 superoutburst. We studied and interpreted the simultaneous behaviour of various emission lines. Methods. We obtained high-resolution echelle spectroscopic data at ESO’s NTT with EMMI, covering the spectral range of 4000–7500 A. The analysis was performed using standard IRAF tools. The indirect imaging technique of Doppler tomography was applied, in order to map the accretion disc and distinguish between the different emission sources. Results. The spectra are characterised by strong Balmer emission, together with lines of He i and the iron triplet Fe ii 42. All lines are double-peaked, but the blue-to-red peak strength and central absorption depth vary. The primary’s velocity was found to be 84.9 kms−1. The spectrograms of the emission lines reveal the prograde rotation of a disc-like emitting region and, for the Balmer and He i lines, an enhancement of the red-wing during eclipse indicates a bright spot origin. The modulation of the double-peak separation shows a highly asymmetric disc with non-uniform emissivity. This is confirmed by the Doppler maps, which apart from the disc and bright spot emission also indicate an additional region of enhanced emission in the 4th quadrant (+Vx, −Vy), which we associate with the superhump light source. Given the behaviour of the iron triplet and its distinct differences from the rest of the lines, we attribute its existence to an extended gas region above the disc. Its origin can be explained through the fluorescence mechanism.
Relational activity processes for modeling concurrent cooperation

In human-robot collaboration, multi-agent domains, or single-robot manipulation with multiple end-effectors, the activities of the involved parties are naturally concurrent. Such domains are also naturally relational as they involve objects, multiple agents, and models should generalize over objects and agents. We propose a novel formalization of relational concurrent activity processes that allows us to transfer methods from standard relational MDPs, such as Monte-Carlo planning and learning from demonstration, to concurrent cooperation domains. We formally compare the formulation to previous propositional models of concurrent decision making and demonstrate planning and learning from demonstration methods on a real-world human-robot assembly task.
Gas dynamics in the Milky Way: second pattern speed and large-scale morphology

We present new gas flow models for the Milky Way inside the solar circle. We use smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations in gravitational potentials determined from the near-infrared (NIR) luminosity distribution of the bulge and disc, assuming a constant NIR mass-to-light ratio, with an outer halo added in some cases. The luminosity models are based on the COBE/DIRBE maps and on clump giant star counts in several bulge fields and include a spiral arm model for the disc. Gas flows in models that include massive spiral arms clearly match the observed 12 CO (l, v) diagram better than if the potential does not include spiral structure. Furthermore, models in which the luminous mass distribution and the gravitational potential of the Milky Way have four spiral arms are better fits to the observed (l, v) diagram than two-armed models. Besides single-pattern speed models we investigate models with separate pattern speeds for the bar and spiral arms. The most important difference is that in the latter case the gas spiral arms go through the bar corotation region, keeping the gas aligned with the arms there. In the (l, v) plot this results in characteristic regions that appear to be nearly devoid of gas. In single-pattern speed models these regions are filled with gas because the spiral arms dissolve in the bar corotation region. Comparing with the 12 CO data we find evidence for separate pattern speeds in the Milky Way.
Full validation of therapeutic antibody sequences by middle-up mass measurements and middle-down protein sequencing

ABSTRACT The regulatory bodies request full sequence data assessment both for innovator and biosimilar monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Full sequence coverage is typically used to verify the integrity of the analytical data obtained following the combination of multiple LC-MS/MS datasets from orthogonal protease digests (so called “bottom-up” approaches). Top-down or middle-down mass spectrometric approaches have the potential to minimize artifacts, reduce overall analysis time and provide orthogonality to this traditional approach. In this work we report a new combined approach involving middle-up LC-QTOF and middle-down LC-MALDI in-source decay (ISD) mass spectrometry. This was applied to cetuximab, panitumumab and natalizumab, selected as representative US Food and Drug Administration- and European Medicines Agency-approved mAbs. The goal was to unambiguously confirm their reference sequences and examine the general applicability of this approach. Furthermore, a new measure for assessing the integrity and validity of results from middle-down approaches is introduced – the “Sequence Validation Percentage. ” Full sequence data assessment of the 3 antibodies was achieved enabling all 3 sequences to be fully validated by a combination of middle-up molecular weight determination and middle-down protein sequencing. Three errors in the reference amino acid sequence of natalizumab, causing a cumulative mass shift of only −2 Da in the natalizumab Fd domain, were corrected as a result of this work.
Differential Effects of Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics on Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Particle Production

ABSTRACT Retrovirus assembly and budding involve a highly dynamic and concerted interaction of viral and cellular proteins. Previous studies have shown that retroviral Gag proteins interact with actin filaments, but the significance of these interactions remains to be defined. Using equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), we now demonstrate differential effects of cellular actin dynamics at distinct stages of retrovirus assembly and budding. First, virion production was reduced when EIAV-infected cells were treated with phallacidin, a cell-permeable reagent that stabilizes actin filaments by slowing down their depolymerization. Confocal microscopy confirmed that the inhibition of EIAV production correlated temporally over several days with the incorporation dynamics of phallacidin into the actin cytoskeleton. Although the overall structure of the actin cytoskeleton and expression of viral protein appeared to be unaffected, phallacidin treatment dramatically reduced the amount of full-length Gag protein associated with the actin cytoskeleton. These data suggest that an association of full-length Gag proteins with de novo actin filaments might contribute to Gag assembly and budding. On the other hand, virion production was enhanced when EIAV-infected cells were incubated briefly (2 h) with the actin-depolymerizing drugs cytochalasin D and latrunculin B. Interestingly, the enhanced virion production induced by cytochalasin D required a functional late (L) domain, either the EIAV YPDL L-domain or the proline-rich L domains derived from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 or Rous sarcoma virus, respectively. Thus, depolymerization of actin filaments may be a common function mediated by retrovirus L domains during late stages of viral budding. Taken together, these observations indicate that dynamic actin polymerization and depolymerization may be associated with different stages of viral production.
Pricing Exotic Variance Swaps Under 3/2-Stochastic Volatility Models

We consider pricing of various types of exotic discrete variance swaps, like the gamma swaps and corridor swaps, under the 3/2-stochastic volatility models with jumps. The class of stochastic volatility models (SVM) that use a constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) process for the instantaneous variance exhibit nice analytical tractability when the CEV parameter takes just a few special values (namely, 0, 1/2, 1 and 3/2). The popular Heston model corresponds to the choice of the CEV parameter to be 1/2. However, the stochastic volatility dynamics derived from the Heston model fails to agree with empirical findings from actual market data. The choice of 3/2 for the CEV parameter in the SVM shows better agreement with empirical studies while it maintains a good level of analytical tractability. By using the partial integro-differential equation formulation, we manage to derive quasi-closed form pricing formulas for the fair strike values of various types of discrete variance swaps. Pricing properties of these exotic discrete variance swaps under different market conditions are explored.
An Exploratory Study on Physicians' Diligence when Dealing with Patient Data

Recent history shows an increasing number of privacy breaches, usually attributed to a lack of diligence when handling personal data. Little awareness for privacy concerns is asserted as the pivotal negative effect on diligence. Challenging this conventional wisdom, this study shows that physicians are fully aware of the privacy issues. Their lack of diligence mainly results from a trade-off between the prospected consequences resulting from a privacy breach and the impediments diligent data handling has on the actual workflow of the physicians. Based on the grounded theory method, we chose hospitals as research field since patient data is commonly perceived as especially sensitive. We add to the body of knowledge by emphasizing the role of actors processing personal data in contrast to existing research that focuses on the behavior of affected actors, such as consumers. In sum, we provide a new perspective on the factors leading to privacy breaches.
Emotion dysregulation and loneliness as predictors of food addiction

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate whether multiple aspects of emotion dysregulation contribute to the etiology of Food Addiction (FA); as well as to provide further evidence and clarity regarding the role of loneliness on the development of addictive behaviour towards food. Methods: A correlational study was employed to assess associations within 162 participants which were recruited via online forums on FA and student population. The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and UCLA Loneliness Scale, and a demographic and personal information questionnaire were all completed online. A Poisson regression analysis was carried out and statistical significance was set at P <0.05. Results: 79% of the sample endorsed a persistent desire or repeated, unsuccessful attempts to cut down or control their use of highly processed foods, while 21% met diagnostic criteria for food addiction. Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that the model predicts food addiction (P <0.001). Specifically, food addiction symptom count was positively predicted by difficulty engaging in goal-directed behaviour, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness and limited access to emotion regulation strategies (P <0.05); DERS total, nonacceptance of emotional responses and lack of emotional clarity were not significant predictors. Loneliness positively predicted food addiction (P =0.002). Discussion and Conclusions: The findings of this research provide further evidence on the etiology of food addiction, as multiple aspects of emotion dysregulation, including difficulty in engaging in goal-directed behaviour, impulsiveness, emotional awareness and limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and loneliness were found to influence the development of an addictive behaviour towards certain types of food. Future research will need to understand possible causality between these factors and insights into the potential role addictive behaviour of food has in overeating phenomena, such as binge-eating.