Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time 2D/3D registration via CNN regression

In this paper, we present a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) regression approach for real-time 2-D/3-D registration. Different from optimization-based methods, which iteratively optimize the transformation parameters over a scalar-valued metric function representing the quality of the registration, the proposed method exploits the information embedded in the appearances of the Digitally Reconstructed Radiograph and X-ray images, and employs CNN regressors to directly estimate the transformation parameters. The CNN regressors are trained for local zones and applied in a hierarchical manner to break down the complex regression task into simpler sub-tasks that can be learned separately. Our experiment results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method in computational efficiency with negligible degradation of registration accuracy compared to intensity-based methods.
Solving Distributed Flexible Manufacturing Systems Scheduling Problems Subject to Maintenance: Memetic Algorithms Approach

In general, distributed flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) scheduling problems are more complicated than the classical FMS scheduling, because it has to focus on two different issues: first, allocation of jobs to suitable factories and second, determination of the corresponding production scheduling in each factory. On the other hand in distributed FMS scheduling, maintenance usually is not considered however in the production level, every machine requires maintenance and this matter directly affects the machine’s availability, production rate, consumption rate, etc. Consequently considering maintenance problem increases system reliability. In this paper we have proposed a memetic algorithm for distributed FMS scheduling which considers maintenance problem. The objective of this algorithm is to create a time-cost trade off which is being brought up for the first time. The experimental results show that the optimization performance of this proposed algorithm is 8.85% better than SMGA and also 10.99% better than GADG algorithm
Tetrahedron Topological Characterization with Application in Volumetric Reconstruction

One of the challenges of Volume Modelling is the definition of theoretical frameworks to support object manipulation and representation. Opposite to what is seen in the field of surface modelling, few satisfactory tools have been presented that ensure topological robustness to volumetric models. In this paper we offer one such mathematical framework for volumetric model definition based on tetrahedral meshes. From a complete tetrahedron topological characterization, a set of Morse Operators is given, which enable global topological control during tetrahedron addition or removal. A number of applications can be envisaged, from geometrical modelling to volume reconstruction. We show the effectiveness of the tetrahedron characterization framework for volume reconstruction from images, showing that the method is capable of handling certain types of noise topologically without the need for a time consuming preprocessing step, or a post-processing step to detect cavities and holes.
A Stochastic Language Model using Dependency and Its Improvement by Word Clustering

In this paper, we present a stochastic language model for Japanese using dependency. The prediction unit in this model is an attribute of "bunsetsu". This is represented by the product of the head of content words and that of function words. The relation between the attributes of "bunsetsu" is ruled by a context-free grammar. The word sequences are predicted from the attribute using word n-gram model. The spell of Unknow word is predicted using character n-gram model. This model is robust in that it can compute the probability of an arbitrary string and is complete in that it models from unknown word to dependency at the same time.
A Tentative Study on Language Model Based Solution to Multiple Choice of CET-4

The paper presents a language model based solution to the test item of Multiple Choice of CET-4. Trained on the web scale English language data, different n-grams are examined under a dynamic programming searching for the best answers. Experimental results indicate that both 4-gram and 5-gram model could generate an average of 81% precision for 16 test items.
Cultural stereotypes as gatekeepers: increasing girls’ interest in computer science and engineering by diversifying stereotypes

Despite having made significant inroads into many traditionally male-dominated fields (e.g., biology, chemistry), women continue to be underrepresented in computer science and engineering. We propose that students’ stereotypes about the culture of these fields—including the kind of people, the work involved, and the values of the field—steer girls away from choosing to enter them. Computer science and engineering are stereotyped in modern American culture as male-oriented fields that involve social isolation, an intense focus on machinery, and inborn brilliance. These stereotypes are compatible with qualities that are typically more valued in men than women in American culture. As a result, when computer science and engineering stereotypes are salient, girls report less interest in these fields than their male peers. However, altering these stereotypes—by broadening the representation of the people who do this work, the work itself, and the environments in which it occurs—significantly increases girls’ sense of belonging and interest in the field. Academic stereotypes thus serve as gatekeepers, driving girls away from certain fields and constraining their learning opportunities and career aspirations.
New equivalences for pattern avoiding involutions

We complete the Wilf classification of signed patterns of length 5 for both signed permutations and signed involutions. New general equivalences of patterns are given which prove Jaggard's conjectures concerning involutions in the symmetric group avoiding certain patterns of length 5 and 6. In this way, we also complete the Wilf classification of S5, S6 and S7 for involutions.
Transmesocolic robotic extended pyelolithotomy of a large gas-containing renal stone: Case report and review of the literature

We present the fifth case in the world literature of a gas-containing urinary stone. Our patient is a 31-year-old woman referred for left flank pain and gross hematuria who was noted on imaging to have a 6.5 cm left renal pelvis stone containing gas. Cultures revealed Escherichia coli from the urine and stone material. Chemistry revealed underlying gouty diathesis. The stone was removed using robotic extended pyelolithotomy. Overall, renal function remained unchanged while drainage improved on nucleotide renography. Review of the world literature suggests that gas-containing renal stones are invariably associated with emphysematous pyelonephritis commonly caused by E. coli and Klebsiella. Contributing factors to gas-containing stone formation include urinary stasis, metabolic mineral derangement and, in a minority of the cases, diabetes.
Pulsar braking indices, glitches and energy dissipation in neutron stars

Almost all pulsars with anomalous positive ¨ � measurements (corresponding to anomalous braking indices in the range 5 10 −7 ) as well as post-glitch or interglitch ¨ � measurements, obey the scaling between ¨ � and glitch parameters originally noted in the Vela pulsar. Negative second derivative values can be understood in terms of glitches that were missed or remained unresolved. We discuss the glitch rates and a priori probabilities of positive and negative braking indices according to the model developed for the Vela pulsar. This behaviour supports the universal occurrence of a non-linear dynamical coupling between the neutron star crust and an interior superfluid component. The implied lower limit to dynamical energy dissipation in a neutron star with spindown rate ˙ � is ˙ Ediss > 1.7× 10 −6 ˙ Erot. Thermal luminosities and surface temperatures due to dynamical energy dissipation are estimated for old neutron stars which are spinning down as rotating magnetic dipoles beyond the pulsar death line.
Evolutionary Improvement of Programs

Most applications of genetic programming (GP) involve the creation of an entirely new function, program or expression to solve a specific problem. In this paper, we propose a new approach that applies GP to improve existing software by optimizing its non-functional properties such as execution time, memory usage, or power consumption. In general, satisfying non-functional requirements is a difficult task and often achieved in part by optimizing compilers. However, modern compilers are in general not always able to produce semantically equivalent alternatives that optimize non-functional properties, even if such alternatives are known to exist: this is usually due to the limited local nature of such optimizations. In this paper, we discuss how best to combine and extend the existing evolutionary methods of GP, multiobjective optimization, and coevolution in order to improve existing software. Given as input the implementation of a function, we attempt to evolve a semantically equivalent version, in this case optimized to reduce execution time subject to a given probability distribution of inputs. We demonstrate that our framework is able to produce non-obvious optimizations that compilers are not yet able to generate on eight example functions. We employ a coevolved population of test cases to encourage the preservation of the function's semantics. We exploit the original program both through seeding of the population in order to focus the search, and as an oracle for testing purposes. As well as discussing the issues that arise when attempting to improve software, we employ rigorous experimental method to provide interesting and practical insights to suggest how to address these issues.
Treatment of Fatigue and Sleep Disorders in Cancer Patients

AbstractSleep disorders are highly prevalent among cancer patients. These disorders can include disorders of sleep onset or maintenance or disorders of excessive sleepiness. A broad differential diagnosis is required to adequately treat these disorders. This review discusses current diagnoses and treatment associated with sleep difficulties that may be seen in cancer patients. With appropriate diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is good for sleep improvement and improvements in quality of life.
Asynchronous Circuit Designs on an FPGA for Targeting a Power/Energy Efficient SoC

A modern system-on-chip (SoC) includes many heterogeneous IP components. Generally, a few embedded processors are integrated into SoCs. An asynchronous circuit design technique is employed to achieve low power/energy consumption. In this paper, we design an asynchronous embedded processor on FPGAs and analyze its possible benefits on commercial FPGAs. We use commercially available 65 nm high-performance Virtex-5 and 45nm low-power Spartan-6 Xilinx FPGAs to show the impact on power consumption for the two different extreme cases. For the high performance Virtex-5, our asynchronous processor shows 36.8% lower power consumption when compared with its synchronous counterpart. On the other hand, the asynchronous processor consumes 25.6% more power in a low power Spartan-6 FPGA. However, through simple analysis and power simulation, we show that the event-driven nature of asynchronous circuits can further save power/energy even in the Spartan-6 FPGA. key words: Asynchronous circuit, FPGA device, MIPS processor, low power
Analysing mouse and pen flick gestures

Gesture based interfaces promise to increase the efficiency of user input, particularly in mobile computing where standard input devices such as the mouse and keyboard are impractical. This paper describes an investigation into the low-level physical properties of linear 'flick' gestures that users create using mouse and pen input devices. The study was motivated by our need to determine sensible constraints on values such as the magnitude, timing, and angular accuracy of gestures for a marking-menu implementation. The results show that pen gestures are substantially larger than mouse gestures, that angular errors are larger in the left and right directions with the pen, that vertical gestures are 'awkward' with the mouse, and that downwards gestures are approximately 11% slower than other directions.
Language Technology Project 2007 Word of the Day

PCT No. PCT/GB95/00427 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 26, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 26, 1996 PCT Filed Feb. 28, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/24045 PCT Pub. Date Sep. 8, 1995A temperature dependent resistive component (10) has two supports (12, 14) attached to its respective opposite faces, each support having at least one projecting leg which terminates in a contact pad (13 or 14), the contact pads of the two supports (12, 14) lying in a common plane spaced from the component (10), for mounting the component to a substrate. Each support may comprise a wire bonded to the respective face of the component, or a piece of sheet material bent to channel-section and bonded via its edges to the face of the component. The common plane, in which the contact pads lie, may be parallel to but spaced from one face of the component, or perpendicular to the opposite faces of the component and spaced from its edge.
Superdirective microphone array for a set-top videoconferencing system

In set-top videoconferencing, the complete videoconferencing system fits unobtrusively on top of the television. The microphone sound pickup system is one of the most important functional blocks with constraints of small size, high performance, and low cost. Persons speaking several feet away from the system must be picked up satisfactorily while noise generated internally in the system by the cooling fan and hard drive, and noise generated externally from air conditioning and nearby computers must be attenuated. In this paper, a three microphone superdirective array is described which meets these constraints. An analog highpass and lowpass filter are used to merge two of the microphone signals to form a single channel, so that a single stereo A/D converter is required to process the three microphone signals. The microphone signals are then linearly combined so as to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio, resulting in nulls steered toward nearby objectionable noise sources.
Epilepsy stigma in Asia : the meaning and impact of stigma

Stigma is conceptually broad and culturally variable. Understanding stigma from the conceptual theories, culturally application based on the word stigma in other languages, the definition of stigma and its synonyms, as well as the medical implications in other stigmatized disease such as AIDS, will help us to understand the complexity of stigma in epilepsy. This review investigated the meaning and types of stigma from different perspectives, leading to staging stigma into 5 levels, i.e. social identity, stereotype, prejudice, discrimination and social disability. In addition to the conventional categorization of stigma into social, felt, self-perceived or internalized stigma, new categories of stigma i.e. personal and general attitudes towards epilepsy based on a newly developed Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (PATE) scale was introduced. Courtesy stigma was further elaborated in related to Asian culture. Based on well-established and recently developed theories, the causation and impact of epilepsy stigma was discussed in an Asian context, especially from the aspects of language and society values which are culturally specific. Integrating these theories of causation, illness and stereotype perceptions were proposed to be the mediating mechanism of stigma, which led to the development of a practical and multi-dimensional stigmatization model, aiming to guide, widen and deepen the scope of future stigma research in epilepsy. Using the established model, together with review of related studies, research priorities in epilepsy stigma research especially in Asia focusing on five aspects, i.e. expanding population studies especially on significant others, understanding stigma from personal attitude perspective, investigating the cultural and social causation of stigma, and the impacts of stigma on patients as well as the family members, were proposed. Neurology Asia 2014; 19(1) : 1 – 10 Address correspondence to: Dr. Kheng-Seang LIM, Neurology Laboratory, 6th Floor, Menara Selatan, University Malaya Medical Center, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Email: kslimum@gmail.com STIGMA IN EPILEPSY: THE MEANING OF STIGMA
A 0.8-V CMOS quadrature LC VCO using capacitive coupling

A new concept for quadrature coupling of LC oscillators is introduced and demonstrated in a 4.5-GHz CMOS quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO). By employing cupacitivc coupling of second harmonic components, quadrature outputs can be obtained at a low supply voltage without extra power consumption. Fabricated in a 0.13 mum CMOS process and operated at 0.8-V supply, the proposed QVCO measures phase noise of-112dBc/Hz at 1M offset from -1.91GHz while drawing a total current of 4mA, which corresponds to a FOM of 181 dB. The core area is 0.278mm2.
The design of OSPF extension for handling unidirectional-links

Internet technology assumes all links are bidirectional, hence it does not take advantage of the broadcast nature of radio frequency communications. RFC3077 based on E. Duros et al. (2001) emulates broadcast connectivity in UDL (UniDirestional Link) and it provides generic solution for all network layer mechanisms. However, this method doesn t support some OSPF based on J. Moy (1998) network topology. We extended the definition of UDL. Our extention enables a node does not have to be reachable from another node. With our extention, we can use every connectivities over UDL as routes then we extended OSPF to handle unidirectional links. Our extension enables all OSPF routers to construct the routing table including UDL, and it is compatible with general OSPF implementation.
Unlocking the Complexity of Port Data With Visualization

Interactive visual analysis can support displaying complex multidimensional data. We developed a novel system, which can incorporate domain knowledge and visual guidelines, to present complex logistical data. This paper presents the details of the development process of that system. Diagrammatic visualization approach was adopted for presenting multidimensional port data, in relation to events. The paper discusses case studies with land-side data and wharf-side data obtained from Port Botany in Sydney, Australia. We conducted a usability study with 20 students that compared performance with our visualization against a traditional bar chart. Task completion was significantly shorter with the diagrammatic visualization, and the visualization was rated higher in overall user preference.
Request dispatching for cheap energy prices in cloud data centers

Cloud services make use of data center resources so that hosted applications can utilize them as needed. To offer a large amount of computational resources, cloud service providers manage tens of geographically distributed data centers. Since each data center is made up of hundreds of thousands of physical machines, energy consumption is a major concern for cloud service providers. The electric cost imposes significant financial overheads on those companies and pushes up the price for the cloud users. This paper presents an energy-price-driven request dispatcher that forwards client requests to data centers in an electric-cost-saving way. In our technique, mapping nodes, which are used as authoritative DNS servers, forward client requests to data centers in which the electric price is relatively lower. We additionally develop a policy that gradually shifts client requests to electrically cheaper data centers, taking into account application latency requirements and data center loads. Our simulation-based results show that our technique can reduce electric cost by 15 % more than randomly dispatching client requests. We also implemented a prototype of the mapping node, and the experimental results show that its processing time marginally increases compared with that of legacy DNS lookups.
Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on the Risks of Stroke: A Result from the Kailuan Study

Aims To prospectively explore the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLC) and the risks of stroke and its subtypes. Methods A total of 95,916 participants (18-98 years old; 76,354 men and 19,562 women) from a Chinese urban community who were free of myocardial infarction and stroke at baseline time point (2006-2007) were eligible and enrolled in the study. The serum non-HDLC levels of participants were determined by subtracting the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) from total serum cholesterol. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of stroke, which was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria and classified into three subtypes: ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, or subarachnoid hemorrhage. The Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate risk of stroke and its subtypes. Results During the four-year follow-up, we identified 1614 stroke events (1,156 ischemic, 416 intracerebral hemorrhagic and 42 subarachnoid hemorrhagic). Statistical analyses showed that hazard ratios (HR) (95% Confidence Interval: CI) of serum Non-HDLC level for total and subtypes of stroke were: 1.08 (1.03-1.12) (total), 1.10 (1.05-1.16) (ischemic), 1.03 (0.96-1.10) (intracerebral hemorrhage) and 0.83 (0.66-1.05) (subarachnoid hemorrhage). HR for non-HDLC refers to the increase per each 20 mg/dl. For total and ischemic stroke, the risks were significantly higher in the fourth and fifth quintiles of non-HDLC concentrations compared to the first quintile after adjusting the confounding factors (total stroke: 4th quintile HR=1.33 (1.12-1.59); 5th quintile HR = 1.36 (1.15-1.62); ischemic stroke: 4th quintile HR =1.34 (1.09-1.66); 5th quintile HR = 1.53 (1.24-1.88)). Conclusions Our data suggest that serum non-HDLC level is an independent risk factor for total and ischemic stroke, and that higher serum non-HDLC concentrations are associated with increased risks for total stroke and ischemic stroke, but not for intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage.