Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of HTLV‐1 proviral DNA load and clonality in the development of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in asymptomatic carriers

Akihiko OKAYAMA*, Sherri STUVER, Masao MATSUOKA, Junzo ISHIZAKI, Gen-ichi TANAKA, Yoko KUBUKI, Nancy MUELLER, Chung-cheng HSIEH, Nobuyoshi TACHIBANA and Hirohito TSUBOUCHI Department of Internal Medicine II, Miyazaki Medical College, Miyazaki, Japan Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Laboratory of Virus Immunology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA Department of Nursing Science, Miyazaki Prefectural Nursing College, Miyazaki, Japan
Collision erasure and generalized access in MIMO cognitive ad-hoc networks

Main goal of this work is to give insight on the possible performance improvement arising in the wireless local ad-hoc access from the synergic cooperation of two emerging paradigms, multi-antenna and cognitive radios. The target is the competitive maximization of each access rate in presence of multiple-access interference (MAI) induced by the other accessing terminals. Being the radios cognitive, they are capable to autonomously learn the ambient-context and, then, self-configure their access strategy via suitable power-allocation, that is, time-frequency-code-space signal-shaping. Furthermore, a generalized approach is developed to allow the node to access with a (possibly hybrid) scheme to the medium by combining different x-DMA strategies under QoS-guaranteed access policy.
Object detection in surveillance videos

In this thesis, a novel scheme for object detection in complex background scenes has been proposed.The input videos used have fixed backgrounds and static cameras. Initially median of few frames is evaluated for obtaining a proper estimate of the background.Local threshold based background subtraction is done for extracting objects from the video sequence.During sudden illumination changes, optical flow analysis is used for motion segmentation.It is assumed that during photometric distortions, the object is in motion.Subsequently shadow detection and suppression is done to the resulting thresholded image. Hue Saturation Value(HSV) color space model is used for shadow suppression.Visual measures convey the performance of the algorithm.
Organisation et régulation des canaux sodiques et potassiques cardiaques par les protéines MAGUK

L'objectif de ce travail a ete de comprendre comment les canaux ioniques sont adresses, organises et regules dans des domaines specialises de la membrane plasmique des cardiomyocytes. Parmi les partenaires des canaux, les proteines MAGUK (Membrane Associated GUanylate Kinase) sont specialisees dans l'ancrage, l'agregation et la formation de complexes macromoleculaires a la membrane. J'ai caracterise pour la premiere fois au niveau cardiaque une de ces proteines MAGUK, la proteine CASK. CASK est localisee a la membrane laterale des cardiomyocytes et exclue des disques intercalaires, zones de conduction privilegiee dans l'axe longitudinal. A la membrane laterale, la proteine CASK est exprimee au sein du complexe costamerique dystrophine/glycoproteines. L'inhibition de CASK entraine l'augmentation du courant sodique INa dans les HEK293 et les myocytes cardiaques. Dans les HEK293, la microscopie a onde evanescente (TIRF) et des experiences de biotinylation ont mis en evidence que cette augmentation du courant INa est associee a une augmentation du nombre de canaux NaV1.5 a la membrane. La microscopie de conductance ionique (SICM) couplee au patch clamp en configuration cellule attachee a permis de montrer que CASK retient les canaux sodiques au niveau des cretes et previent leur agregation en clusters dans les T-tubules. Enfin, l'inhibition de CASK in vivo par une strategie reposant sur l'utilisation de virus adeno-associes (AAV) est responsable d'un allongement de la duree de depolarisation ventriculaire et de l'apparition d'une cardiopathie dilatee.
Poster: Efficient Power Control Based on Interference Range in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Energy management through power control in wireless ad hoc networks has a serious hidden terminal problem called POINT, which is caused by the varied interference range induced by the controlled transmission power. Current researches that solve the POINT problem are inefficient as they either increase the energy consumption, or degrade the network performance through prohibiting effective data transmissions or leading to collisions in some scenarios. This work presents IRPC, a novel protocol to solve the POINT problem completely. IRPC makes the data packet transmitted at the required minimum power. Meanwhile, it makes the interference range of each link covered by the CTS transmission but without increasing CTSâs transmission power, through utilizing a signature detection method. It also makes CTS carry the information of interference range, according to which other nodes can determine whether they are outside the interference range of the ongoing link and can initiate data transmissions, so as to permit effective transmissions and avoid collisions.
Heat shock (sigma32 and HrcA/CIRCE) regulons in beta-, gamma- and epsilon-proteobacteria.

During heat shock, the main strategy of an organism is defense from denatured proteins. This is performed by chaperones that refold and proteases that cut abnormal proteins. In studying the sigma(32) and HrcA regulons in beta- and gamma-proteobacteria, we have found some new potential participants in the heat shock response and proposed the protein disulfide isomerase function for one of them. We describe the connection between the two regulons through cross-regulation of the HrcA repressor and sigma(32) in some beta-proteobacteria. Finally, we predict the binding signal for HrcA in epsilon-proteobacteria.
Defining Morphological Isoglosses: The 'Broken' Plural and Semitic Subclassification

La question des isoglosses dans la morphologie verbale arabe a ouvert une controverse sur la place de l'arabe dans la classification des langues semitiques. L'A. apporte sa contribution a ce debat en etablissant une comparaison de la morphologie du pluriel en arabe et dans d'autres langues semitiques
The prognostic importance of volume‐weighted mean nuclear volume, mitotic index, and other stereologically measured quantitative parameters in supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma

Stereologically measured mean nuclear volume has been proven to have prognostic importance in several types of cancer, such as malignant melanoma and carcinomas of the breast, oral region, bladder, and uterine cervix. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the possible prognostic importance of mean nuclear volume and mitotic index in carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.
Light Transmission through Gauze Pad Soaked with Blood or Liquids to Detect Venous Needle Dislodgement

Accidents during hemodialysis such as a large amount of blood loss are often caused by venous needle dislodgement. To develop a bleeding sensor based on a photo sensor, we studied effects of liquids and porcine blood on light transmission through a thin gauze pad. The photo sensor consisted of an ordinary electrical circuit, a light emitting diode (lambda max = 645 nm), a photo diode, and a thin gauze pad placed between the diodes. The light transmitted through the gauze pad soaked with liquids or porcine blood was measured with a digital voltmeter. The liquids on a gauze pad, significantly increased the voltage (light transmission) from 0.33 +/0.004 V (SD) to 0.63 +/0.02 V (minimum, by reverse osmosis water) and to 0.70 +/0.03 V (maximum, by 50% glucose). The porcine blood significantly decreased the voltage from 0.33 V to 0.21 +/0.02 V in Hct 40%, to 0.27 +/0.02 in Hct 30%, to 0.30 +/0.02 V in Hct 20%. We confirmed that liquids significantly increased light transmission through the gauze pad, but porcine blood decreased light transmission. This opposite response can be used to distinguish liquids from blood on a
Saccade Target Selection Relies on Feedback Competitive Signal Integration

It is often assumed that decision making involves neural competition, accumulation of evidence “scores” over time, and commitment to a particular alternative once its scores reach a critical decision threshold first. So far, however, neither the first-to-threshold rule nor the nature of competition (feedforward or feedback inhibition) has been revealed by experiments. Here, we presented two simultaneously flashed targets that reversed their intensity difference during each presentation and instructed human subjects to make a saccade toward the brightest target. All subjects preferentially chose the target that was brightest during the first stimulus phase. Unless this first phase lasted only 40 ms, this primacy effect persisted even if the second, reversed-intensity phase lasted longer. This effect did not result from premature commitment to the initially dominant target, because a strong target imbalance in the opposite direction later drove nearly all responses toward that location. Moreover, there was a nonmonotonic relation between target imbalance and primacy: increasing the target imbalance beyond 40 cd/m2 caused an attenuation of primacy. These are the hallmarks of hysteresis, predicted by models in which target representations compete through strong feedback. Reaction times were independent of the choice probability. This dissociation suggests that target selection and movement initiation are distinct phenomena.
Epithelial transformation by KLF4 requires Notch1 but not canonical Notch1 signaling

The transcription factors Notch1 and KLF4 specify epithelial cell fates and confer stem cell properties. Suggesting a functional relationship, each gene can act to promote or suppress tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner, and alteration of KLF4 or Notch pathway genes in mice gives rise to similar phenotypes. Activation of a conditional allele of KLF4 in RK3E epithelial cells rapidly induces expression of Notch1 mRNA and the active, intracellular form of Notch1. KLF4-induced transformation was suppressed by knockdown of endogenous Notch1 using siRNA or an inhibitor of γ- secretase. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay shows that KLF4 binds to the proximal Notch1 promoter in human mammary epithelial cells, and siRNA-mediated suppression of KLF4 in human mammary cancer cells results in reduced expression of Notch1. Furthermore, KLF4 and Notch1 expression are correlated in primary human breast tumors (N=89; Pearson analysis, r > 0.5, P
Do Lifestyle Activities Protect Against Cognitive Decline in Aging? A Review

The number of patients suffering from dementia is expected to more than triple by the year 2040, and this represents a major challenge to publicly-funded healthcare systems throughout the world. One of the most effective prevention mechanisms against dementia lies in increasing brain- and cognitive-reserve capacity, which has been found to reduce the behavioral severity of dementia symptoms as neurological degeneration progresses. To date though, most of the factors known to enhance this reserve stem from largely immutable history factors, such as level of education and occupational attainment. Here, we review the potential for basic lifestyle activities, including physical exercise, meditation and musical experience, to contribute to reserve capacity and thus reduce the incidence of dementia in older adults. Relative to other therapies, these activities are low cost, are easily scalable and can be brought to market quickly and easily. Overall, although preliminary evidence is promising at the level of randomized control trials, the state of research on this topic remains underdeveloped. As a result, several important questions remain unanswered, including the amount of training required to receive any cognitive benefit from these activities and the extent to which this benefit continues following cessation. Future research directions are discussed for each lifestyle activity, as well as the potential for these and other lifestyle activities to serve as both a prophylactic and a therapeutic treatment for dementia.
Novel type II collagen reporter mice: New tool for assessing collagen 2α1 expression in vivo and in vitro

We report the generation of a new mouse strain harboring a Col2‐pd2EGFP reporter transgene; pd2EGFP has a much shorter half‐life than EGFP, making it a near real‐time reporter for Col2α1 expression in vivo and in vitro. In the post‐natal growth plate, pd2EGFP fluorescence was expressed in almost all proliferative chondrocytes and in some hypertrophic chondrocytes based on localization with type X collagen. In articular cartilage, pd2EGFP fluorescence diminished over time, nicely illustrating the decrease of type II collagen synthesis in articular chondrocytes during growth. Monolayers of FACS‐sorted chondrocytes from P1‐2 mice showed faster loss of pd2EGFP compared to EGFP, reflecting rapid chondrocyte de‐differentiation. High‐density culture of FACS‐pd2EGFP‐ growth plate chondrocytes revealed the typical temporal expression pattern in which type II collagen preceded type X collagen matrix deposition. The Col2‐pd2EGFP reporter mouse will be a valuable tool for studies of growth plate chondrocyte biology. Developmental Dynamics 240:663–673, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Iron K and Compton Hump Reverberation in SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365 Revealed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton

In the past five years, a flurry of X-ray reverberation lag measurements of accreting supermassive black holes have been made using the XMM-Newton telescope in the 0.3-10 keV energy range. In this work, we use the NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) telescope to extend the lag analysis up to higher energies for two Seyfert galaxies, SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365. X-ray reverberation lags are due to the light travel time delays between the direct continuum emission and the reprocessed emission from the inner radii of an ionized accretion disc. XMM-Newton has been particularly adept at measuring the lag associated with the broad Fe K emission line, where the gravitationally redshifted wing of the line is observed to respond before the line centroid at 6.4 keV, produced at larger radii. Now, we use NuSTAR to probe the lag at higher energies, where the spectrum shows clear evidence for Compton reflection, known as the Compton 'hump'. The XMM-Newton data show Fe K lags in both SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365. The NuSTAR data provide independent confirmation of these Fe K lags, and also show evidence for the corresponding Compton hump lags, especially in SWIFT J2127.4+5654. These broad-band lag measurements confirm that the Compton hump and Fe K lag are produced at small radii. At low frequencies in NGC 1365, where the spectrum shows evidence for eclipsing clouds in the line of sight, we find a clear negative (not positive) lag from 2 to 10 keV, which can be understood as the decrease in column density from a neutral eclipsing cloud moving out of our line of sight during the observation.
Image quality enhancement method based on scene category classification and its evaluation

This paper presents a method of enhancing image quality based on the analysis of scene categories, and its practical software implementation. The proposed method analyzes the scene of input images and calculates the probabilities for five predetermined scene categories; i.e. “Portraits,” “Landscapes,” “Night scenes,” “Flowers (close-up)” and “Others. ” The quality of the input image is improved by using multiple image-processing functions with correction parameters, which take the probabilities of the scene categories into consideration. Subjective experiments on image quality show the reliability of the proposed method.
Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenemase Producers in South Korea between 2013 and 2015

Between 2014 and 2015, the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) was becoming endemic in South Korea. To assess this period of transition, we analyzed KPC producers in terms of molecular epidemiology. A total of 362 KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains, including one from 2013, 13 from 2014, and 348 from 2015, were actively collected from 60 hospitals throughout the peninsula. Subtypes of KPC were determined by PCR and direct sequencing, and isotypes of Tn4401 (the transposon flanking the blaKPC gene) were specified by PCR using isotype-specific primers and direct sequencing. Sporadic occurrence of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae was initially observed around Seoul, which is the most crowded district of the country, and these strains rapidly disseminated in 2014, to the other parts of the country in 2015. The bacterial clones responsible for the extreme epidemiological transition were K. pneumoniae ST307 (46.2%) and ST11 (21.3%). Less frequently, E. coli (4.7%), Enterobacter spp. (1.4%), and other Enterobacteriaceae members (1.7%) producing the enzyme were identified. The blaKPC-2 gene bracketed by Tn4401a (72.1%) was the most prevalent mobile genetic element responsible for the dissemination, and the same gene carried either by Tn4401b (2.2%) or Tn4401c (6.6%) was identified at a lesser frequency. The genes blaKPC-3 (1.6%) and blaKPC-4 (6.4%), both flanked by Tn4401b, were occasionally identified. This study showed endemic dissemination of KPC producers in 2015 due to a clonal spread of two K. pneumoniae strains. Further systemic surveillance is needed to monitor dissemination of KPC-producers.
Filtering Semantics for Counterfactuals: Bridging Causal Models and Premise Semantics

I argue that classical counterfactual semantics in the style of Stalnaker, Lewis, and Kratzer validates an inference pattern that is disconfirmed in natural language. The solution is to alter the algorithm we use to handle inconsistency in premise sets: rather than checking all maximally consistent fragments of a premise sets, as in Krazter's semantics, we selectively remove some of the premises. The proposed implementation starts from standard premise semantics and involves a new 'filtering' operation that achieves just this removal. The resulting semantics is interestingly related to the semantics for counterfactuals emerging from Judea Pearl's causal models framework in computer science: in particular, filtering is a possible worlds semantics counterpart of Pearl's interventions.
Inductance Calculations of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines Including Flux Change and Self- and Cross-Saturations

Accurate inductance calculation of permanent-magnet synchronous machines is a relevant topic, since the inductances determine a large part of the electrical machine behavior. However, the inductance calculation, as well as the inductance measurement, is never a completely straightforward task when saturation occurs. In this paper, the total flux in the d and q axes are obtained from finite- element method or measurements and therefore include saturation and cross-couplings. The inductances are obtained from analytical post-processing based on an equivalent magnetic circuit. The originality of this method is that it accommodates the changes in the magnet flux and the inductances with the level of saturation. The resulting inductance values are the ones seen by the converter or the grid, as found by a more accurate approach.
Ventrally emigrating neural tube cells contribute to the formation of Meckel's and quadrate cartilage

A population of multipotential neuroepithelial cells originating in the ventral portion of the hindbrain neural tube has been shown recently to emigrate at the site of attachment of the trigeminal nerve. These ventrally emigrating neural tube cells populate the mesenchyme of the first pharyngeal (branchial) arch. Because the Meckel's and the quadrate cartilage develop from this mesenchyme, we sought to determine whether these ventrally emigrating neural tube cells contributed to their development. The ventral neural tube cells were tagged with a replication‐deficient retroviral vector containing the LacZ gene. This method permanently labels the descendents of the neural tube cells; thus, they can be subsequently tracked during development. The viral concentrate was microinjected into the lumen of the rostral hindbrain of chick embryos, after the emigration of neural crest is finished, on embryonic day 2 (stage 14). In control embryos, the virus was placed on top of the neural tube. Embryos were killed on days 3, 4, and 7 and processed for the detection of LacZ‐positive cells. By day 7, the Meckel's and the quadrate cartilage can be easily recognized. LacZ‐positive cells were seen in both cartilages. They were located in perichondrium and in the cartilage. Immunostaining with the neural crest cell marker HNK‐1 indicated that the LacZ‐positive cells were HNK‐1 negative. The HNK‐1‐positive neural crest–derived cells were located in the cartilage but not in the perichondrium. These results indicate that the chondrocytes in the Meckel's and the quadrate cartilage differentiate from two sources of cells; the ventrally emigrating neural tube cells and the neural crest. The developmental significance of differentiation of cartilage from the ventral neural tube cells and of the heterogeneous origin of chondrocytes in morphogenesis remains to be established. Dev Dyn 1999;216:37–44. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.