Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mutations in genes encoding essential mitotic functions in Drosophila melanogaster.

Temperature-sensitive mutations at 15 loci that affect the fidelity of mitotic chromosome behavior have been isolated in Drosophila melanogaster. These mitotic mutants were detected in a collection of 168 EMS-induced X-linked temperature-sensitive (ts) lethal and semilethal mutants. Our screen for mutations with mitotic effects was based upon the reasoning that under semirestrictive conditions such mutations could cause an elevated frequency of mitotic chromosome misbehavior and that such events would be detectable with somatic cell genetic techniques. Males hemizygous for each ts lethal and heterozygous for the recessive autosomal cell marker mwh were reared under semirestrictive conditions, and the wings of those individuals surviving to adulthood were examined for an increased frequency of mwh clones. Those mutations producing elevated levels of chromosome instability during growth of the wing imaginal disc were also examined for their effects on chromosome behavior in the cell lineages producing the abdominal cuticle. Fifteen mutations affect chromosome behavior in both wing and abdominal cells and thus identify loci generally required for the fidelity of mitotic chromosome transmission. Mapping and complementation tests show that these mutations represent 15 loci. One mutant is an allele of a locus (mus-101) previously identified by mutagen-sensitive mutants and a second mutant is an allele of the lethal locus zw 10. --The 15 mutants were also examined cytologically for their effects on chromosomes in larval neuroblasts. Taken together, the results of our cytological and genetical studies show that these mutants identify loci with wild-type functions necessary for either maintenance of chromosome integrity or regular disjunction of chromosomes or chromosome condensation. Thus, these mutations define a broad spectrum of genes required for the normal execution of the mitotic chromosome cycle.
Think again: volatility asymmetry and volatility persistence

Abstract We use a leveraged quantile heterogeneous autoregressive model of realized volatility to illustrate that volatility persistence and the asymmetric “leverage” effect are high volatility phenomena. More specifically, we find that (i) low volatility is not persistent, but high volatility all the more, even featuring properties of explosive processes; and (ii) asymmetry of volatility is only a high volatility phenomenon and there is no asymmetry in low volatility regimes. Our results turn out to be robust to the choice of the realized variance estimator, in particular with respect to jumps. The analysis illustrates that quantile regression can provide information that is hidden in commonly used GARCH or realized volatility models. The quantile regression results can also be linked to the weak empirical evidence of the leverage effect and the volatility feedback effect.
Mechanical properties of the aneurysmal aorta

The mechanical properties of the abdominal aorta were investigated non‐invasively in 30 patients with aortic anaeurysm and II with peripheral arterial disease. The distensibility of the aorta was measured using M‐mode ultrasonography, permitting non‐invasive assessment of the pressure‐strain elastic modulus or aortic stiffness, Ep. The median Ep value increased, from 4.0 N/cm2 in control subjects in their third decade of life ( n = 10) to 10.4 N/cm2 in middle age ( n = 11) to 14.0 N/cm2 in the elderly (n = 13). In the presence of a normal diameter.peripheral arterial disease with aortic atherosclerosis had little effect on aortic stiffness, median Ep being 16.0 N/cm2. Aneurysmal dilatation was associated with a significant increase in aortic stiffness, median Ep being 31.3 N/cm2 ( P < 0.001). For aortas of normal diameter, Ep was at all ages dependent on mean arterial pressure. In patients with aortic aneurysms there was no clear relationship between Ep and mean arterial pressure or aortic diameter. Of the patients studied, 15 underwent aortic rcconstruction; increasing aortic stiffness (log Ep) was associated with a decreased medial elastin content of the aortic biopsy ( r = −0.63, P < 0.02 ). This study demonstrates the marked stiffness or inelasticity of dilated or aneurysmal vessels, part of which is attributable to the loss of elastin.
Identification of the βTP site in the x-ray structure of F1-ATPase as the high-affinity catalytic site

ATP synthase uses a unique rotary mechanism to couple ATP synthesis and hydrolysis to transmembrane proton translocation. The F1 subcomplex has three catalytic nucleotide binding sites, one on each β subunit, with widely differing affinities for MgATP or MgADP. During rotational catalysis, the sites switch their affinities. The affinity of each site is determined by the position of the central γ subunit. The site with the highest nucleotide binding affinity is catalytically active. From the available x-ray structures, it is not possible to discern the high-affinity site. Using fluorescence resonance energy transfer between tryptophan residues engineered into γ and trinitrophenyl nucleotide analogs on the catalytic sites, we were able to determine that the high-affinity site is close to the C-terminal helix of γ, but at considerable distance from its N terminus. Thus, the βTP site in the x-ray structure [Abrahams JP, Leslie AGW, Lutter R, Walker JE (1994) Nature 370:621–628] is the high-affinity site, in agreement with the prediction of Yang et al. [Yang W, Gao YQ, Cui Q, Ma J, Karplus M (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:874–879]. Taking into account the known direction of rotation, the findings establish the sequence of affinities through which each catalytic site cycles during MgATP hydrolysis as low → high → medium → low.
Pregnancy‐related factors and the risk of isolated systolic hypertension

Background. Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is known to be a strong predictor of cerebrovascular and cardiac events, especially in women. Metabolic and hormonal changes associated with reproductive history may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to identify associations between pregnancy‐related factors and ISH. Methods. A cross‐sectional study based on a random sample of 3937 Finnish women aged 30–99 was carried out. Associations between pregnancy‐related factors and ISH were analyzed using multivariate analyses. Results. Of 3470 subjects, 26% had ISH. Younger age at first delivery predicted a higher risk of ISH (odds ratio after adjustment for age, education, smoking, height and weight = 1.31, 95% CI 1.07–1.61). Age at first and last delivery was significantly associated with age, education, marital status and use at any time of hormone replacement therapy (HRT); age at first delivery was also associated with toxemia in any pregnancy, weight and body mass index (BMI). In the univariate analyses, ISH was significantly associated with age, height, weight, BMI, education, marital status, oral contraceptive pills use at any time and HRT use at any time. Conclusion. This population‐based study showed that early age at first delivery increased the risk of ISH, which may in turn increase cerebrovascular and cardiac events after menopause. Age at first delivery is heavily dependent on education, which may be linked to the risk of developing of cardiovascular disease throughout adulthood. The other plausible mechanism may be adiposity due to pregnancy.
The accuracy of intraoperative frozen sections in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether frozen section evaluation of ovarian tumors can be used to establish a histopathologic diagnosis and guide the surgeon to perform the appropriate surgical procedure. MATERIAL AND METHOD Between January 2002 and December 2006, 376 ovarian specimens were submitted for frozen section examination and received for permanent section evaluation. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the frozen sections were studied. RESULTS The overall accuracy was 87.8% while the inaccuracy was 12.2%. The sensitivity for malignant tumors was 79.6%, the sensitivity for borderline tumors was 61.8%, and the sensitivity for benign tumors was 98.2%. The specificity for the benign tumors was 88.6%, 93.8% for borderline tumors, and 97.1% for malignancy The positive predictive value was 92.2% for benign tumors, 63% for borderline tumors, and 91.1% for malignant tumors. CONCLUSION The present study confirms that frozen section diagnosis is a reliable method for the surgical management of patients with ovarian masses.
Genome, Integration, and Transduction of a Novel Temperate Phage of Helicobacter pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is a common human pathogen that has been identified to be carcinogenic. This study isolated the temperate bacteriophage 1961P from the lysate of a clinical strain of H. pylori isolated in Taiwan. The bacteriophage has an icosahedral head and a short tail, typical of the Podoviridae family. Its double-stranded DNA genome is 26,836 bp long and has 33 open reading frames. Only 9 of the predicted proteins have homologs of known functions, while the remaining 24 are only similar to unknown proteins encoded by Helicobacter prophages and remnants. Analysis of sequences proximal to the phage-host junctions suggests that 1961P may integrate into the host chromosome via a mechanism similar to that of bacteriophage lambda. In addition, 1961P is capable of generalized transduction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation, characterization, genome analysis, integration, and transduction of a Helicobacter pylori phage.
Acculturation and cigarette smoking in Hispanic women: A meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The present study was a random-effects model meta-analysis of 26 studies published between 1990 and 2010 (k = 32; n = 39,777) that (a) examined the association between acculturation and cigarette smoking in Hispanic women and (b) evaluated age, national origin, and measure and dimensionality (unidimensional vs. bidimensional) of acculturation as moderating variables. Results indicate a strong positive relationship and suggest larger effects of acculturation on cigarette smoking in women of Mexican descent as compared with women originating from other Latin American countries for current and lifetime smoking, as well as smoking overall. The effect of acculturation on cigarette smoking was larger in adults as compared with adolescents for current smoking and smoking overall. Few differences in effect size by measure or dimensionality of acculturation emerged. Results are discussed with regard to implications for future research and the measurement of acculturation.
Functional conservation among members of the Salmonella typhimurium InvA family of proteins

InvA, which is essential for Salmonella spp. to enter cultured epithelial cells, is a member of a family of proteins involved in either flagellar biosynthesis or the secretion of virulence determinants by a number of plant and mammalian pathogens. The predicted overall secondary structures of these proteins show significant similarities and indicate a modular construction with a hydrophobic amino-terminal half, consisting of six to eight potential transmembrane domains, and a hydrophilic carboxy terminus which is predicted to reside in the cytoplasm. These proteins can be aligned over the entire length of their polypeptide sequences, with the highest degree of homology found in the amino terminus and clusters of conserved residues in the carboxy terminus. We examined the functional conservation among members of this protein family by assessing the ability of MxiA of Shigella flexneri and LcrD of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis to restore invasiveness to an invA mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. We found that MxiA was able to complement the entry defect of the invA mutant strain of S. typhimurium. In contrast, LcrD failed to complement the same strain. However, a plasmid carrying a gene encoding a chimeric protein consisting of the amino terminus of LcrD and the carboxy terminus of InvA complemented the defect of the Salmonella invA mutant. These results indicate that the secretory systems in which these proteins participate are functionally similar and that the Salmonella and Shigella systems are very closely related. These data also suggest that determinants of specificity may be located at the carboxy termini of these proteins.
The Prevalence of Food Allergies in Children Referred to a Multidisciplinary Feeding Program

Objective. To assess the prevalence of food allergy in children presenting to a multidisciplinary feeding program. Methods. A retrospective chart review was conducted from 302 patients. We recorded history of food reaction, family history of any atopic disease, radioallergosorbent testing, prematurity, birth weight, breastfeeding history, Z-scores, age, and gastrointestinal mucosal biopsy reports with eosinophilic infiltrate. Three categories of possible food allergy were stratified based on increasing evidence of allergy. Results. Possible food allergy was found for 18% (n = 54), likely food allergy for 6% (n = 18), and very likely food allergy for 16% (n = 47) for a total of 40% classified in a food allergy group. Having been breastfed correlated with likelihood of food allergy but tube-feeding dependence did not. Conclusion. This study revealed a higher proportion of children in a feeding program with food allergy compared to the general population, but larger prospective studies are needed to confirm the association.
Icsead'S Econometric Model Of The Chinese Economy

AbstractThe following sections are included:IntroductionEconometric Models of the Chinese Economy: Brief Historic ReviewOutline of the ModelBasic Principles of Model BuildingOutline of the ModelProduction BlocExpenditure BlocConsumptionInvestmentNet ExportsIncome Distribution and Related ItemsLabor BlocWage and Price BlocFiscal and Monetary BlocFiscal BlocFinance BlocTrade BlocSome Simulation AnalysesEffects of FDI IncreaseEffects of Money Supply ExpansionEffects of Increase in Government ConsumptionEffects of Increase in Public InvestmentEffects of World GDP IncreaseReferenceAppendix A China Macro Econometric Model 1997 Version Equation ListVariable ListAppendix B: SimulationAppendix C: Statistical Data
Analysis, modeling and control of half-bridge current-source converter for supercapacitor applications

The objective of this paper is to investigate the properties of the Half Bride Current Source bidirectional DC to DC converter used to interface supercapacitors with batteries in a hybrid storage system. This work focuses on the benefits of applying synchronous rectification to the switches of the primary and the secondary side, both in terms of efficiency and control simplicity. In fact, by using this modulation scheme, it can be demonstrated that a single parameter (the duty ratio, D, of the dc link side top switch) can be used to control the converter under every operating condition. Furthermore, an average model of the converter valid in every operating condition is derived and utilized as a tool for the design of the control system. This model includes the effects of parasitic elements (mainly the leakage inductance of the transformer) and snubbers. Both the synchronous rectification switching scheme and the average model, have been experimentally validated with a 3 kW converter prototype. Also, the performance of a control strategy designed with such model are shown experimentally.
Vascular Biology , Atherosclerosis and Endothelium Biology Endothelial 3 1-Integrin Represses Pathological Angiogenesis and Sustains Endothelial-VEGF

From the Adhesion and Angiogenesis Laboratory,* and the Centre of Tumor Biology, Barts Institute of Cancer, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; the Department of Medicine, Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; the Center for Cell Biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York; the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, ¶ University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; and the Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
What is a word, What is a sentence? Problems of Tokenization

Any linguistic treatment of freely occurring text must provide an answer to what is considered as a token. In arti(cid:12)cial languages, the de(cid:12)nition of what is considered as a token can be precisely and unambiguously de(cid:12)ned. Natural languages, on the other hand, display such a rich variety that there are many ways to decide upon what will be considered as a unit for a computational approach to text. Here we will discuss tokenization as a problem for computational lexicography. Our discussion will cover the aspects of what is usually considered preprocessing of text in order to prepare it for some automated treatment. We present the roles of tokenization, methods of tokenizing, grammars for recognizing acronyms, abbreviations, and regular expressions such as numbers and dates. We present the problems encountered and discuss the e(cid:11)ects of seemingly innocent choices.
An Agent-Based Semantic Search Engine in Companies

Every company has a huge base for managing their knowledge and know-how. As this base expands with time, the process of searching becomes more complex. This is seen especially with the traditional search engines as they offer a vast amount of results which are generally irrelevant to users. In this paper, we present our multi-agent approach to personalize the search results by user profile. The proposed approach ranks the search results of each user by their centers of interests or search history.
mapDamage: testing for damage patterns in ancient DNA sequences

SUMMARY Ancient DNA extracts consist of a mixture of contaminant DNA molecules, most often originating from environmental microbes, and endogenous fragments exhibiting substantial levels of DNA damage. The latter introduce specific nucleotide misincorporations and DNA fragmentation signatures in sequencing reads that could be advantageously used to argue for sequence validity. mapDamage is a Perl script that computes nucleotide misincorporation and fragmentation patterns using next-generation sequencing reads mapped against a reference genome. The Perl script outputs are further automatically processed in embedded R script in order to detect typical patterns of genuine ancient DNA sequences. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The Perl script mapDamage is freely available with documentation and example files at http://geogenetics.ku. dk/all_literature/mapdamage/. The script requires prior installation of the SAMtools suite and R environment and has been validated on both GNU/Linux and MacOSX operating systems.
Middle and Junior Managers' Perceptions of Perceived Organisational Support in the South African Soccer Domestic Leagues

The concept of perceived organisational support has attracted considerable interest as an attempt to understand the intensity and stability of employee loyalty and dedication to the organisation. The same organisational principles are applicable sport organisations like soccer clubs since their ultimate success depends to a great extent on their human resources. It is important for soccer clubs to attract and retain staff with adequate skills to enhance the brand and image of the club. The purpose of this study was to compare middle and lower managers’ perceived organisational support and demographical information and how they perceive organisational support from the soccer clubs. The study adopted a non-probability convenience sampling method to recruit junior and middle managers in the Premier Soccer League (PSL) in South Africa. Two hundred questionnaires were administered to middle and junior management. One hundred and fifteen (58%) usable questionnaires were returned. Perceived organisational support was assessed by means of the Perceived Organisational Support Questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance indicates that there were no significant difference between gender and middle managers, but there are significant differences for lower managers and gender. A significant difference exists between middle and lower managers regarding to their years of experience, age and qualifications and experience of perceived organisational support.
Attention to Detail: Why Considering Task Demands Is Essential for Single-Trial Analysis of BOLD Correlates of the Visual P1 and N1

Single-trial fluctuations in the EEG signal have been shown to temporally correlate with the fMRI BOLD response and are valuable for modeling trial-to-trial fluctuations in responses. The P1 and N1 components of the visual ERP are sensitive to different attentional modulations, suggesting that different aspects of stimulus processing can be modeled with these ERP parameters. As such, different patterns of BOLD covariation for P1 and N1 informed regressors would be expected; however, current findings are equivocal. We investigate the effects of variations in attention on P1 and N1 informed BOLD activation in a visual oddball task. Simultaneous EEG-fMRI data were recorded from 13 healthy participants during three conditions of a visual oddball task: Passive, Count, and Respond. We show that the P1 and N1 components of the visual ERP can be used in the integration-by-prediction method of EEG-fMRI data integration to highlight brain regions related to target detection and response production. Our data suggest that the P1 component of the ERP reflects changes in sensory encoding of stimulus features and is more informative for the Passive and Count conditions. The N1, on the other hand, was more informative for the Respond condition, suggesting that it can be used to model the processing of stimulus, meaning specifically discriminating one type of stimulus from another, and processes involved in integrating sensory information with response selection. Our results show that an understanding of the underlying electrophysiology is necessary for a thorough interpretation of EEG-informed fMRI analysis.
Post‐induction alfentanil reduces sevoflurane‐associated emergence agitation in children undergoing an adenotonsillectomy

Background: Emergence agitation is a common problem in paediatric anaesthesia, especially after volatile induction and maintenance anaesthesia (VIMA) with sevoflurane. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alfentanil to prevent emergence agitation without delayed recovery after VIMA with sevoflurane in children undergoing an adenotonsillectomy.