Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analog Amp Linearity Characterization via Probability Weighted Multitone Power Ratio Testing

This application note discusses methodology for testing analog amplifiers designed to process DMT (discrete multitone) waveforms, also known as OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) waveforms. There is a brief introduction of the DMT waveform where it’s pointed out that a troublesome characteristic of the DMT waveform is a probabilistically large peak to average amplitude ratio. The application note then goes on to derive the probability density distribution for the DMT peak to average ratio (PAR) in preparation for presenting a test methodology. It then discusses the concept of the MTPR (multitone power ratio) test, which consists of a plethora of frequency domain impulses, uniformly spaced over the bandwidth of interest, with the characteristic that periodically a frequency impulse is “missing”, giving the appearance of a “spectral notch”. The object of the test is to pass this MTPR test waveform through the amplifier under test and observe the depth of the “notches” at the output of the amplifier, which will be “filledin” due to any amplifier nonlinearities. Further discussions go on to state that such testing should be done with several MTPR test vectors, each with a unique peak to average ratio, and the composite MTPR of the amplifier is the probability weighted sum of the individual MTPR responses.
An Evaluation of Architectural Alternatives for Rapidly Growing Datasets: Active Disks, Clusters, SMPs

Growth and usage trends for several large datasets indicate that there is a need for architectures that scale the processing power as the dataset increases. In this paper, we evaluate three architectural alternatives for rapidly growing and frequently reprocessed datasets: active disks, clusters, and shared memory multiprocessors (SMPs). The focus of this evaluation is to identify potential bottlenecks in each of the alternative architectures and to determine the performance of these architectures for the applications of interest. We evaluate these architectural alternatives using a detailed simulator and a suite of nine applications. Our results indicate that for most of these applications Active Disk and cluster configurations were able to achieve significantly better performance than SMP configurations. Active Disk configurations were able to match (and in some cases improve upon) the performance of commodity cluster configurations.
Odors Detected by Mice Deficient in Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Subunit A2 Stimulate the Main Olfactory System

It is believed that odor transduction in the mammalian main olfactory system only involves the cAMP-signaling pathway. Here, we report on odor responsiveness in mice with a disrupted cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel subunit A2. Several odorants, including putative pheromones, can be detected and discriminated by these mice behaviorally. These odors elicit responses in the olfactory epithelium, main olfactory bulb, and olfactory (piriform) cortex of CNGA2 knock-out mice. In addition, responses to odors detected by CNGA2 knock-out mice are relatively insensitive to inhibitors of the cAMP pathway. These results provide strong evidence that cAMP-independent pathways in the main olfactory system of mammals participate in detecting a subset of odors.
A matrix-decomposition-and-inverse-free successive interference cancelation for G-STBC systems

A groupwise space-time block coded (G-STBC) system transmits layered Alamouti STBC blocks, which can provide spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing gains simultaneously for wireless communications. In this paper, we propose an efficient successive interference cancelation (SIC) method which can provide a good compromise between the error-rate performance and implementation complexity for such systems. Essentially, both matrix decomposition and inverse operations are not needed in general. Only hardware-friendly steps, such as weighting, filtering, single-symbol maximum-likelihood detection (S-MLD), and M-algorithm are utilized. Results show that in terms of giving a good trade-off between the bit-error rate (BER) and the required number of real-valued multiplication, our SIC method can outperform some previous detection schemes, and its BER performance can even approach that of the optimal MLD.
Wavelet-In-Time Multigrid-In-Space Preconditioning of Parabolic Evolution Equations

Two space-time variational formulations of linear parabolic evolution equations are considered: one is symmetric and elliptic on the trial space, while the other is not. In each case, a space-time Petrov--Galerkin discretization using suitable tensor product trial and test functions leads to a large linear system of equations. The well-posedness of this system with respect to parabolic norms induces a canonical preconditioner for the algebraic equations that arise after a choice of basis. For the iterative resolution of this algebraic system with parallelization in the temporal direction, we propose a sparse algebraic wavelet-in-time transformation on possibly nonuniform temporal meshes. This transformation approximately block-diagonalizes the preconditioner, and the individual spatial blocks can then be inverted, for instance, by standard spatial multigrid methods in parallel. The performance of the preconditioner is documented in a series of numerical experiments.
Evolution of Learning Robot Team via Local Mating Strategy

This paper describes an experimental result on evolutionary processes of learning agents in a multi-agent environment, under our objective to propose an orientation toward a feasible design of a group of autonomous mobile robots that can evolve in the software level. After the work of L steps, each agent gathers the degree of task achievement and the genetic information from the nearest N 1 robots to revise its own genome, here named Local Mating Strategy. It starts learning again after this genetic operation. The experiment of ash sweeping by fifty autonomous mobile vacuum cleaners on the computer simulation is presented to show how this method is effective. It focuses on the effects of mating group size N and life span length L. According to the results, proposed method works well even if N = 3.
Social Alignment for Preprocessing User-Constructed Ontologies

User-constructed ontologies have caused some difficulties in being discriminated from other user-constructed ontologies. For efficiently annotating resources in their own repositories, people simply append ontology fragments retrieved from standard ontologies and from other neighbors' ontologies along to social links. In this paper, we propose a preprocessing method to extract preferential concepts for comparing with social semantics. In order to prune out irrelevant concepts from user-constructed ontologies, alignment-based concept classification process is designed by checking these two main criteria; i) redundancy (e.g., if there already exist semantically identical concepts), and ii) tendency (e.g., if there exist semantically declined concepts). Finally, we want to show an application scenario to demonstrate our contributions.
The Economic Metaphor of Italian Politics for the coordination of a colony of ERS-7 Robot in the ROBOCUP multi-agent environment

In this paper, we modified E-MIP architecture (10)(3)(4)(5)(6), an architecture that we developed taking inspiration from the political organizations of democratic governments, and which provides a solution for the coordination of a robot colonies in dangerous environments, to allow a team of robots to play soccer. The development of an evolution of Economic Metaphor of Italian Politics is now outlined. This new approach proposes a mechanism to make a new coalition caused by the failure of the government strategy and by a general inefficiency of the whole colony during the reaching of the mission targets, such as goals scored, faults committed and other soccer parameters. The robot agency is able to adapt its behavior to highly dynamic situations, choosing from time to time the best coalition capable to apply the most suitable strategy for the current situation.
Exploiting QuTEM for Improving Joint Angles Estimation in the Context of Clinical Motion Analysis

This paper describes a statistical procedure designed to work with quaternions (QuTEM) as a useful tool for interpreting recorded joint motion in the particular context of clinical gait analysis. We believe that QuTEM addresses some of the problems of analyzing and interpreting joint motion data acquired using numerous available devices. The theoretical introduction is followed by a measurement noise robustness test and two usage scenarios describing actual, practical applications of this procedure.
An algebraic solution to rigid registration of diffusion tensor images

We present an algebraic solution to direct registration of diffusion tensor images under various local deformation models. We show how to linearly recover the deformation from the partial derivatives of the tensor using the so-called diffusion tensor constancy constraint, a generalization of the brightness constancy constraint to diffusion tensor data. Given the tensor reorientation map, we show that solving for a rigid deformation becomes a linear problem. We test our direct approach on synthetic, brain and heart DT images
Syntactic Clues and Lexical Resources in Question-Answering

CL Research's question-answering system (DIMAP-QA) for TREC-9 significantly extends its semantic relation triple (logical form) technology in which documents are fully parsed and databases built around discourse entities. This extension further exploits parsing output, most notably appositives and relative clauses, which are quite useful for question-answering. Further, DIMAP-QA integrated machine-readable lexical resources: a full-sized dictionary and a thesaurus with entries linked to specific dictionary definitions. The dictionary's 270,000 definitions were fully parsed and semantic relations extracted to provide a MindNet-like semantic network; the thesaurus was reorganized into a WordNet file structure. DIMAP-QA uses these lexical resources, along with other methods, to support a just-in-time design that eliminates preprocessing for named-entity extraction, statistical subcategorization patterning, anaphora resolution, ontology development, and unguided query expansion. (All of these techniques are implicit in DIMAP-QA.) The best official scores for TREC-9 are 0.296 for sentences and 0.135 for short answers, based on processing 20 of the top 50 documents provided by NIST, 0.054 and 0.083 below the TREC-9 averages. The initial post-hoc analysis suggests a more accurate assessment of DIMAP-QA's performance in identifying answers is 0.485 and 0.196. This analysis also suggests that many failures can be dealt with relatively straightforwardly, as was done in improving performance for TREC-8 answers to 0.803 and 0.597 for sentences and short answers, respectively.
Accommodating Change: Relating Fidelity of Implementation to Program Fit in Educational Reforms

Asking practitioners to make larger changes to their practice is often thought to lead to lower fidelity of implementation. However, salient differences between ambitious new reforms and teachers’ existing practices may also facilitate processes of conceptual change and correspondingly increase fidelity of implementation. I use survey data on the implementation of two Comprehensive School Reform programs to investigate this puzzle, presenting a series of descriptive multivariate regressions that—contrary to conventional wisdom—predominantly support a positive association between larger changes and higher fidelity. I also address alternative explanations for this finding and discuss the conceptual and empirical strengths and weaknesses, implications for future research, and potential utility for practice of each interpretation.
"Physical Design of MW-class Steady-state Spherical Tokamak, QUEST"

QUEST (R=0.68m, a=0.4m) focuses on the steady state operation of the spherical tokamak (ST) by controlled PWI and electron Bernstain wave (EBW) current drive (CD). The QUEST project will be developed along two phases, phase I: steady state operation with plasma current, I p =20-30kA on open divertor configuration and phase II: steady state operation with I p =100kA and β of 10% in short pulse on closed divertor configuration. Feasibility of the missions on QUEST was investigated and the suitable machine size of QUEST was decided based on the physical view of plasma parameters. Electron Bernstein wave (EBW) current drive are planned to establish the maintenance of plasma current in steady state. Mode conversion efficiency to EBW was calculated and the conversion of 95% will be expected. A new type antenna for QUEST has been fabricated to excite EBW effectively. The situation of heat and particle handling is challenging, and W and high temperature wall is adopted. The start-up scenario of plasma current was investigated based on the driven current by energetic electron and the most favorable magnetic configuration for start-up is proposed. 1. Introduction It is important to conduct the academic basics research supporting high beta and steady state operation approaches. The QUEST project focuses on the steady state operation of the spherical tokamak (ST) which has the capability to attain high β rather than conventional tokamaks. A final target of the project is the steady state operation of ST with relatively high β (10%) under controlled plasma wall interaction (PWI). The program will be developed in increment step such as, I. low β steady state operation in limiter configuration, II. low β steady state operation in divertor configuration, III relatively high β steady state operation in closed divertor configuration. The specific purposes in phase I and II are: (1) To examine the steady state current drive and plasma generation by EBW. (2) To comprehensively establish recycling control based on wall temperature control, advanced wall control under high plasma performance. (3) To improve diverter concepts and to establish the way of controlling particles and heat loads during long duration operation.
Brand detachment: Conceptualization, antecedents and proposition of a measurement scale

Having clarified the concept of brand detachment, this communication presents the results of our first data collection. The first part of this paper conceptualises the phenomenon of brand detachment : After a succinct presentation of the literature on detachment, we expose our approach of this concept. Then, we present some results of our qualitative research to apprehend its antecedents and outline its impact on brand loyalty. The second part presents the first quantitative results relative to our study and particularly the creation of a measurement scale. Brand detachment seems to have two dimensions : an affective and a cognitive. Finally, the factors activating the process of brand detachment are exposed.
The Isotropic Semicircle Law and Deformation of Wigner Matrices

We analyze the spectrum of additive finite‐rank deformations of N × N Wigner matrices H. The spectrum of the deformed matrix undergoes a transition, associated with the creation or annihilation of an outlier, when an eigenvalue di of the deformation crosses a critical value ± 1. This transition happens on the scale |di|−1∼N−1/3 . We allow the eigenvalues di of the deformation to depend on N under the condition ‖di| −1 |≥(log⁡ N)C log⁡ log⁡ N N−1/3 . We make no assumptions on the eigenvectors of the deformation. In the limit N → ∞, we identify the law of the outliers and prove that the nonoutliers close to the spectral edge have a universal distribution coinciding with that of the extremal eigenvalues of a Gaussian matrix ensemble.
on SPC : A Parallel Programming

In automatic, retargetable compilation low-cost, analytic cost estimation techniques are crucial in order to e ciently steer the optimization process. Programming models aimed at optimum expressiveness of parallelism, however, are not amenable to static cost estimation. We present a new coordination model, called SPC, that imposes speci c restrictions in the synchronization structures that can be programmed. Imposing these restrictions enables the e cient computation of reliable cost estimations that can be used in the automatic optimization process. We present a conjecture stating that the loss of parallelism due to the synchronization constraints imposed by SPC is limited to a constant factor of 2 compared to the unrestricted case. We demonstrate the expressiveness of SPC through various programming examples, show how SPC is translated, and show how SPC enables automatic program optimizations through a case study compiling a line relaxation kernel on a distributed-memory machine.
A Multi-Element System of Surrounding Recognition And Objects' Localization for Unmanned Ground Vehicles

Equipping engineering machines and trajectory vehicles with automatic and remote control systems is necessary in case there is any environmental hazard for an operator i.e. environment conditions, an impact from fire field etc. It is particularly crucial when there is no possibility for any person to be in a machine or in its close surrounding. It applies to both extreme environment conditions (high temperature, pressure or environment contamination) and the likeliness of direct man health and life hazard (i.e. removal, disposal or neutralization of hazardous materials or area demining – particularly when the enemy operates on a fire field). In all above cases of using engineering machines and trajectory vehicles there is a need to remote control without the possibility of using direct impulse feedback by operators. That is the reason why it is so necessary to work on elaboration vision system enabling determination of the machine location in geodesic system and operating accessories configuration. This paper describes an overall characteristics of the steering unit in an unmanned ground vehicle depending on tasks to be performed, considering the drive and the steering’s system structure required. Current development of visual systems used in unmanned ground vehicles has been shown. A visual system to be used in remote controlled machines and ground vehicles has been presented. Its structure and limitations within picture depth estimation resulting from the system’s structure have been presented. Furthermore the system of defining the cameras‘ location in an external reference system has been described.
Dual Cavity Segmentation of Left and Right Ventricles in Cardiac MRI by Guided Random Walks with Registration

In this paper we propose a new method for accurate segmentation of the left and right ventricles simultaneously in cardiac magnetic resonance images. Our approach is based on guided random walks and registration in order to efficiently exploit the prior shape knowledge. The contribution of the proposed method is in using registration of the pre-segmented data and then guided random walks segmentation that allows covering the variations of dual cavity hearts (left and right ventricles) without needing a huge dataset. The proposed framework starts with some manually placed seeds which are used for initial estimation of the size of the heart in the input image and also provides the boundary conditions for the guided random walks. Then, the model is registered to the input image which will be segmented by the help of the model through solving a system of linear equations. The registration and segmentation will be repeated until the model and the input images are completely aligned and the optimal segmentation is achieved. For validation the proposed method is applied to 125 cardiac MR images including normal cases as well as patients. The promising experimental results (average Dice=86.43%) illustrate the benefits of our approach for dual cavity segmentation of the left and right ventricles.
Model of graviton-dusty universe

Primary features of a new cosmological model, which is based on conjectures about an existence of the graviton background and superstrong gravitational quantum interaction, are considered. An expansion of the universe is impossible in such the model because of deceleration of massive objects by the graviton background, which is similar to the one for the NASA deep space probes Pioneer 10, 11. Redshifts of remote objects are caused in the model by interaction of photons with the graviton background, and the Hubble constant depends on an intensity of interaction and an equivalent temperature of the graviton background. Virtual massive gravitons would be dark matter particles. They transfer energy, lost by luminous matter radiation, which in a final stage may be collected with black holes and other massive objects.
DReaM-Cache: Distributed Real-Time Transaction Memory Cache to support two-factor authentication services and its reliability

PhoneFactor is a two-factor authentication service that combines the knowledge-based authenticator with an object-based authenticator in which the object-based authenticator has advantages of hardware token-based systems without requiring the administration overhead of distribution of special hardware to every user in advance. For transaction scalability of this service, we propose a Distributed Real-Time Transaction Memory Cache (DReaM-Cache) approach. In this paper, we present the basic architecture and present reliability models for different data centers and node reliability factors, and show how reliability can be accomplished.
Life and times of a cellular bleb.

Blebs are spherical cellular protrusions that occur in many physiological situations. Two distinct phases make up the life of a bleb, each of which have their own biology and physics: expansion, which lasts approximately 30 s, and retraction, which lasts approximately 2 min. We investigate these phases using optical microscopy and simple theoretical concepts, seeking information on blebbing itself, and on cytomechanics in general. We show that bleb nucleation depends on pressure, membrane-cortex adhesion energy, and membrane tension, and test this experimentally. Bleb growth occurs through a combination of bulk flow of lipids and delamination from the cell cortex via the formation and propagation of tears. In extreme cases, this can give rise to a traveling wave around the cell periphery, known as "circus movement. " When growth stalls, an actin cortex reforms under the bleb membrane, and retraction starts, driven by myosin-II. Using flicker spectroscopy, we find that retracting blebs are fivefold more rigid than expanding blebs, an increase entirely explained by the properties of the newly formed cortical actin mesh. Finally, using artificially nucleated blebs as pressure sensors, we show that cells rounded up in mitosis possess a substantial intracellular pressure.
Computing socially-efficient cake divisions

A frequent task facing a MAS designer is to efficiently divide resources amongst multiple agents. We consider a setting in which a single divisible resource, a.k. a. "cake", needs to be divided amongst n agents, each with a possibly different valuation function over pieces of the cake. For this setting, we address the problem of finding divisions that maximize the social welfare, focusing on divisions where each agent gets a single contiguous piece of the cake. We provide a constant factor approximation algorithm for the problem, and prove that it is NP-hard to find the optimal division, and that the problem admits no FPTAS unless P=NP. These results hold both when the full valuations of all agents are given to the algorithm, and when the algorithm has only oracle access to the valuation functions. In contrast, if agents can get multiple, non-contiguous pieces of the cake, the results vary greatly depending on the input model. If the algorithm is provided with the full valuation functions of all agents, then the problem is easy. However, if the algorithm needs to query the agents for information on their valuations, then no non-trivial approximation (i.e. < n) can be guaranteed.