Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UNDERSTANDING SPATIAL AND SPECTRAL MORPHOLOGIES OF ULTRACOMPACT H ii REGIONS

The spatial morphology, spectral characteristics, and time variability of ultracompact (UC) H ii regions provide strong constraints on the process of massive star formation. We have performed simulations of the gravitational collapse of rotating molecular cloud cores, including treatments of the propagation of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. We here present synthetic radio continuum observations of H ii regions from our collapse simulations, to investigate how well they agree with observation, and what we can learn about how massive star formation proceeds. We find that intermittent shielding by dense filaments in the gravitationally unstable accretion flow around the massive star leads to highly variable H ii regions that do not grow monotonically, but rather flicker, growing and shrinking repeatedly. This behavior appears to be able to resolve the well-known lifetime problem. We find that multiple ionizing sources generally form, resulting in groups of UC H ii regions, consistent with observations. We confirm that our model reproduces the qualitative H ii region morphologies found in surveys, with generally consistent relative frequencies. We also find that simulated spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from our model are consistent with the range of observed H ii region SEDs, including both regions showing a normal transition from optically thick to optically thin emission, and those with intermediate spectral slopes. In our models, anomalous slopes are solely produced by inhomogeneities in the H ii region, with no contribution from dust emission at millimeter or submillimeter wavelengths. We conclude that many observed characteristics of UC H ii regions appear consistent with massive star formation in fast, gravitationally unstable, accretion flows.
Non-spherical particles for optical trap assisted nanopatterning

Optical trap assisted nanopatterning is a laser direct-write technique that uses an optically trapped microsphere as a near-field objective. The type of feature that one can create with this technique depends on several factors, one of which is the shape of the microbead. In this paper, we examine how the geometry of the bead affects the focus of the light through a combination of experiments and simulations. We realize nanopatterning using non-spherical dielectric particles to shape the light–material interaction. We model the resulting nanoscale features with a finite difference time domain simulation and obtain very good agreement with the experiments. This work opens the way to systematic engineering of the microparticle geometry in order to tailor the near-field focus to specific nanopatterning applications.
Reconfirmation of indirect induction of radiogenic lymphomas using thymectomized, irradiated B10 mice grafted with neonatal thymuses from Thy 1 congenic donors.

An experiment was conducted to reexamine earlier observations that lymphomas could develop from lymphocytes present in nonirradiated thymuses grafted into thymectomized, fractionally (170 R, 4 doses) irradiated mice by using B10. Thy 1 congenic donor-host combinations. The results indicated that: (a) 37 of 91 thymectomized, fractionally irradiated B10. Thy 1.2 mice which were grafted s.c. with 7-day-old thymuses from B10. Thy 1.1 donor mice had developed frank lymphomas between 90 and 270 days after thymus grafting; (b) 28 of 37 lymphomas developed in this group were typed individually with respect to Thy 1 alloantigens by the cytotoxicity assay using monoclonal anti-Thy 1.1 (T-11-D7) and anti-Thy 1.2 (F7D5) antibodies plus complement. It was shown that 21 thymic lymphomas (75%) had originated from lymphocytes of the nonirradiated thymus grafts and 5 tumors (17.9%) from cells of the irradiated hosts; 2 thymic lymphomas (7.1%) manifested no Thy 1 antigens; (c) lymphoma cells originated from both nonirradiated thymus grafts and irradiated hosts possessed chromosome abnormalities, which were mainly numerical changes of some chromosomes or polyploidizations.
An Attribute Reduction Method Based on Ant Colony Optimization

Attribute reduction is an important process in data mining based on rough set theory. Regarding the significance of attribute defined from the viewpoint of information theory as heuristic information and introducing it into ant colony optimization (ACO), an effective heuristic ACO method is proposed to search the minimal relative reduction. Firstly, we research the model of attribute reduction and analyze the differences between TSP and attribute reduction. Secondly, we redefine the heuristic information and the pheromone updating rule. Lastly, the formation process of solution is researched. Experiments show that the proposed method can reduce attributes effectively
Active Contours without Edges and Curvature Analysis for Endoscopic Image Classification

Endoscopic images do not contain sharp edges to segment using the traditional segmentation methods for obtaining edges. Therefore, the active contours or ‘snakes’ using level set method with the energy minimization algorithm is adopted here to segment these images. The results obtained from the above segmentation process will be number of segmented regions. The boundary of each region is considered as a curve for further processing. The curvature for each point of this curve is computed considering the support region of each point. The possible presence of abnormality is identified, when curvature of the contour segment between two zero crossings has the opposite curvature signs to those of such neighboring contour segments on the same edge contours. The Knearest neighbor classifier is used to classify the images as normal or abnormal. The experiment based on the proposed method is carried out on 50 normal and 50 abnormal endoscopic images and the results are encouraging.
Type III restriction endonuclease EcoP15I is a heterotrimeric complex containing one Res subunit with several DNA-binding regions and ATPase activity

For efficient DNA cleavage, the Type III restriction endonuclease EcoP15I communicates with two inversely oriented recognition sites in an ATP-dependent process. EcoP15I consists of methylation (Mod) and restriction (Res) subunits forming a multifunctional enzyme complex able to methylate or to cleave DNA. In this study, we determined by different analytical methods that EcoP15I contains a single Res subunit in a Mod2Res stoichiometry. The Res subunit comprises a translocase (Tr) domain carrying functional motifs of superfamily 2 helicases and an endonuclease domain with a PD.D/EXK motif. We show that the isolated Tr domain retains ATP-hydrolyzing activity and binds single- and double-stranded DNA in a sequence-independent manner. To localize the regions of DNA binding, we screened peptide arrays representing the entire Res sequence for their ability to interact with DNA. We discovered four DNA-binding regions in the Tr domain and two DNA-binding regions in the endonuclease domain. Modelling of the Tr domain shows that these multiple DNA-binding regions are located on the surface, free to interact with DNA. Interestingly, the positions of the DNA-binding regions are conserved among other Type III restriction endonucleases.
Modulation of Sporulation ofAlternaria Tageticaby Carbon Dioxide

A mutant ofAlternaria tagetica with altered regulation of sporulation was obtained. Wildtype strains require light to sporulate whereas the mutant sporulated in the absence of light. Sporulation of the mutant was unaffected by culture plate sealing which inhibited the wildtype 99-100%. Absorption of CO2 from the atmosphere within the plates via KOH counteracted wildtype inhibition by plate sealing and induced light-independent sporulation in wildtype strains of A. tagetica, as well as in A. carthami, A. macrospora, A. porri, and A. cucumerina, species which typically require light for sporulation. Continuous fluorescent light inhibited sporulation for all wildtype Alternaria species tested at both 28 C and 20 C, but sporulation was induced under the same light regime when fungi were grown 3 days at 28 C followed by 3 days at 20 C. The identical temperature drop induced sporulation in the dark in A. tagetica, A. cucumerina, A. macrospora, and A. carthami. Both mutant and wildtype strains of A. tagetica produced 7-8 times more CO2 on potato dextrose agar (PDA) than on V-8 agar. However, the mutant produced more conidia on PDA than on V-8 whereas the wildtype produced fewer conidia on PDA. Many aspects of in vitro sporulation may be attributable to the influence of CO2.
CDK2 and PKA Mediated-Sequential Phosphorylation Is Critical for p19INK4d Function in the DNA Damage Response

DNA damage triggers a phosphorylation-based signaling cascade known as the DNA damage response. p19INK4d, a member of the INK4 family of CDK4/6 inhibitors, has been reported to participate in the DNA damage response promoting DNA repair and cell survival. Here, we provide mechanistic insight into the activation mechanism of p19INK4d linked to the response to DNA damage. Results showed that p19INK4d becomes phosphorylated following UV radiation, β-amyloid peptide and cisplatin treatments. ATM-Chk2/ATR-Chk1 signaling pathways were found to be differentially involved in p19INK4d phosphorylation depending on the type of DNA damage. Two sequential phosphorylation events at serine 76 and threonine 141 were identified using p19INK4d single-point mutants in metabolic labeling assays with 32P-orthophosphate. CDK2 and PKA were found to participate in p19INK4d phosphorylation process and that they would mediate serine 76 and threonine 141 modifications respectively. Nuclear translocation of p19INK4d induced by DNA damage was shown to be dependent on serine 76 phosphorylation. Most importantly, both phosphorylation sites were found to be crucial for p19INK4d function in DNA repair and cell survival. In contrast, serine 76 and threonine 141 were dispensable for CDK4/6 inhibition highlighting the independence of p19INK4d functions, in agreement with our previous findings. These results constitute the first description of the activation mechanism of p19INK4d in response to genotoxic stress and demonstrate the functional relevance of this activation following DNA damage.
A Meaningful Daily Life in Nursing Homes: A Social Constructionist Study of Residents and Health Professionals' Perspectives and Wishes

Background: "Improved Elderly Life" is a rehabilitation concept at nursing homes in Aalborg municipality in Denmark, which aims to enhance the perception of a meaningful everyday life for the residents, and hereby maintain daily-life activities. In “Improved Elderly Life” a basic team which consists of a physiotherapist, occupational therapist and an activity employee, collaborate with the care staff at nursing homes. In this study our aim was to investigate the consistency of the meaningful everyday life and activities, from the perspectives of the residents as well as how the staff esteem and contribute to this at nursing homes. Methods: Semi structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with residents and staff at two nursing homes. Results: Residents` perception of a meaningful life in nursing home generated five significant themes; To use oneself and to be of use; Social communities; Meaningful activities; Self-determination and influence on daily life; Self-reliance. Findings showed that residents and staff at the included nursing homes, in some areas have different perceptions of what contributes to a meaningful everyday life. Conclusion: The residents wish for autonomy and individual activities that harmonize with their past lives. The employees and training staff concur with this, however in the daily routines at the nursing homes there is a discrepancy between what is spoken by the employees and what the residents experience.
Vehicular network self-organizing architectures

Nowadays, Vehicle Communication (VC) represents an interesting item for research and industry communities since it brings an efficient way to improve the transport quality. Nevertheless, VC faces a number of new challenges, in particular due to the extremely dynamic network topology and the large variable number of mobile nodes. To overcome these problems an effective solution is to define a self-healing and robust self-organizing architecture that facilitates the network management task and permits to deploy a wide panoply of services. Depending on the application deployed on the top of the vehicular network, it may require either a proactive or a reactive self-organization architecture. In this paper, we introduce CSP and CGP, which are respectively proactive and reactive cluster-based self-organizing protocols. The two solutions are cross layer and they structure intelligently the vehicular network in permanent manner by portioning roads into adjacent segments seen as geographic fix clusters. When the proactive solution, CSP, can be used for security issues or to provide a large panoply of services, the reactive solution, CGP, is mainly used to perform data collection and aggregation. In our work, we analyze the performances of both CSP and CGP using a simulation environment and realistic mobility models. We compare them to existing solutions and show that they permit performance improvement.
Classical and enriched finite element formulations for Bloch‐periodic boundary conditions

In this paper, classical and enriched finite element (FE) formulations to impose Bloch‐periodic boundary conditions are proposed. Bloch‐periodic boundary conditions arise in the description of wave‐like phenomena in periodic media. We consider the quantum‐mechanical problem in a crystalline solid and derive the weak formulation and matrix equations for the Schrödinger and Poisson equations in a parallelepiped unit cell under Bloch‐periodic and periodic boundary conditions, respectively. For such second‐order problems, these conditions consist of value‐ and derivative‐periodic parts. The value‐periodic part is enforced as an essential boundary condition by construction of a value‐periodic basis, whereas the derivative‐periodic part is enforced as a natural boundary condition in the weak formulation. We show that the resulting matrix equations can be obtained by suitably specifying the connectivity of element matrices in the assembly of the global matrices or by modifying the Neumann matrices via row and column operations. The implementation and accuracy of the new formulation is demonstrated via numerical examples for the three‐dimensional Poisson and Schrödinger equations using classical and enriched (partition‐of‐unity) higher‐order FEs. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems ( PACIS ) 2014 “ GROWTH OF THE FITTER ” : EVOLUTIONARY GROWTH PATHS AND FIRM SIZE OF START-UPS IN E-MARKETS

Existing research related to firm growth has not paid sufficient attention to the growth paths of online stores in e-markets. The linkage between growth path and firm size has not been built up. This paper aims to investigate evolutionary trajectories and their effects on firm size. Theoretically, conceptually define three types of distinguishable paths, namely the convergent, tepid, and sustained paths. We then propose related theoretical hypotheses that reflect the impacts of different types of growth paths on the resulting firm size. To empirically validate the proposed hypotheses, we applied the trajectory analysis method with a novel indicator, the relative expansion rate, based on a data set that consists of 5,582 online stores on Taobao.com, the largest e-commerce platform in the world. Testing results largely support our hypotheses and suggest that the sustained growth path is the ideal mode nascent online sellers should struggle for, since it is significantly positively related to the firm size that the sellers can achieve. To achieve their goal of firm expansion, new online sellers should aggressively pursue opportunities in the short term, which is a reflection of the “the growth of the fitter” principle. Our findings also suggest that E-commerce platforms may attempt to facilitate the sustained growth path of sellers through including growth path analysis in the evaluation system of online stores.
Patterns and risk factors for locoregional failures after mastectomy for breast cancer: an International Breast Cancer Study Group report.

BACKGROUND Rates and risk factors of local, axillary and supraclavicular recurrences can guide patient selection and target for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Local, axillary and supraclavicular recurrences were evaluated in 8106 patients enrolled in 13 randomized trials. Patients received chemotherapy and/or endocrine therapy and mastectomy without radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 15.2 years. RESULTS Ten-year cumulative incidence for chest wall recurrence of >15% was seen in patients aged <40 years (16.1%), with ≥4 positive nodes (16.5%) or 0-7 uninvolved nodes (15.1%); for supraclavicular failures >10%: ≥4 positive nodes (10.2%); for axillary failures of >5%: aged <40 years (5.1%), unknown primary tumor size (5.2%), 0-7 uninvolved nodes (5.2%). In patients with 1-3 positive nodes, 10-year cumulative incidence for chest wall recurrence of >15% were age <40, peritumoral vessel invasion or 0-7 uninvolved nodes. Age, number of positive nodes and number of uninvolved nodes were significant parameters for each locoregional relapse site. CONCLUSION PMRT to the chest wall and supraclavicular fossa is supported in patients with ≥4 positive nodes. With 1-3 positive nodes, chest wall PMRT may be considered in patients aged <40 years, with 0-7 uninvolved nodes or with vascular invasion. The findings do not support PMRT to the dissected axilla.
Pareto-Based Application Specification for MP-SoC Customized Run-Time Management

In an MP-SoC environment, a customized run-time management should be incorporated on top of the basic OS services to globally optimize costs (e.g. energy consumption) across all active applications, according to constraints (e.g. performance, user requirements) and available platform resources. To that end, we have proposed a Pareto-based approach combining a design-time application mapping and platform exploration with a low-complexity run-time manager. This allows to alleviate the OS in its run-time decision making and to avoid conservative worst-case assumptions. In this paper, we focus on the characterization of the Pareto-based application specification, resulting from our design-time exploration. This specification is essential as input for our run-time manager. A representative video codec multimedia application, simulated on our MP-SoC platform simulator, is used as case study. For the resulting Pareto-based specification, both binary size and performance overhead is negligible
On Survivability in IP Networks

In this paper, we examine different aspects of the survivability in IP networks by experimentation on several current IP backbone network topologies. Maintaining service continuity even under failures requires redundanc y in terms of connectivity and capacity. We analyze the cost of survivability for protection against single node failures for traditional OSPF based recovery as well as current MPLS based schemes using local or end-to-end recovery. We examine how link weight adjustments and careful introduction of a small number of new links in the network can significantly reduce the cost of network operation for survivability. The traffic matrix in the network can change significantly over time. However, our simulation results indicate that the benefits of weight adjustments and new link additions are robust to variations in the traffic matrix . We also investigate the relationship between load balancin g and the cost of survivability and show that gaining a better degree of load balance in the network through the link weight adjustments may involve sacrificing the savings in the cost of operating the network and vice versa.
CAREER DECISION AND K TO 12 CURRICULUM EXITS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

The first batch of the K to 12 Curriculum are about to graduate this year and many senior high students were hesitant and worried if they will be able to land a job, a business on his own, proceed to college or take higher vocational course. To address these concerns and worries of the Grade 12 graduating students, an action research was proposed. The purpose of this study was to examine the career decision of the students and how it relates to the K to 12 Curriculum Exits (Trabaho, Negosyo, Kolehiyo, and Middle Skills Development). This study used the mixed method design. Research-made questionnaire were administered to 324 students using the universal sampling method. On the other hand, eight students were selected as participants for focus-group discussion (FGD). Percentage and ranking were utilized as statistical tool for this study. Results revealed that majority of the student’s career decision after graduation will enroll to college/university (57.4%), followed by find a job (34.9%), enroll to a vocational school (4.9%), have his own business (1.9%), and some were undecided (0.9%). Findings were utilized by teachers and career advocates by creating a program that will help the students decide of what to take after graduation. Thus, a threeday senior high school Curriculum Exits – Fair (Job-Fair, Business Demonstrations, College/University and Vocational fair) were implemented.
A survey of entropy image thresholding techniques

Entropy-based image thresholding has received considerable interest in recent years. It is an important concept in the area of image segmentation. The entropy-based approach was used to get the threshold of image from 80 ages; it is used to weight the amount of reserved information of image after segmentation. Our contribution in this paper, is to explain the idea of Shannon entropy and how he utilized it in image thresholding concept, then how it used in the idea of the cross entropy by Kullback and the concept of fuzzy entropy. We study different existing entropy algorithms for image thresholding. In this study we categorize these several algorithms into three groups according to the information they are exploiting and indicate their differences or similarities.
Adjectival Phrases as the Sentiment Carriers in the Urdu Text

In this paper we present a comprehensive overview of the structures of the adjectival phrases in the Urdu language with respect to the task of sentiment analysis. Urdu is a widely spoken but one of the least explored languages by the computational linguistics community. After a detailed analysis of adjectival phrases in Urdu text we conclude that this language is orthographically, morphologically and grammatically different from other well established languages, like English and hence, it requires updated or different approaches and algorithms for the task of sentiment analysis. We present our approach in which the adjectival phrases are combined with polarity shifters, and conjunctions to make sentiment expressions in the opinionated sentences. We label these sentiment expressions as the SentiUnits. We apply shallow parsing based chunking to extract the SentiUnits. The overall polarity of a sentence in a given review can be determined by computing the polarity of these expressions. Adjectives are the head words, which appear with modifiers and postpositions. The experimentation based evaluation of the model with a sentiment-annotated lexicon of Urdu words and two corpuses of reviews as test-beds, shows encouraging achievement in terms of sentimental analysis and accuracy. [Afraz Z. Syed, Aslam Muhammad, Martinez-Enriquez A. M. Adjectival Phrases as the Sentiment Carriers in the Urdu Text. Journal of American Science 2011;7(3):644-652]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience. org.