Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chlorido{N-[2-(diphenylphosphanyl)benzylidene]-2,6-diisopropylaniline-κP}gold(I) chloroform 0.25-solvate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [AuCl(C31H32NP)]·0.25CHCl3, contains two independent complex molecules and half a chloroform solvent molecule, which is disordered across an inversion center. The AuI ions are each coordinated in a slightly distorted linear environment, with P—Au—Cl angles of 177.20 (4) and 178.54 (4)°.
Genome-wide Association Study of Cannabis Dependence Severity, Novel Risk Variants, and Shared Genetic Risks.

IMPORTANCE Cannabis dependence (CAD) is a serious problem worldwide and is of growing importance in the United States because cannabis is increasingly available legally. Although genetic factors contribute substantially to CAD risk, at present no well-established specific genetic risk factors for CAD have been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To report findings for DSM-IV CAD criteria from association analyses performed in large cohorts of African American and European American participants from 3 studies of substance use disorder genetics. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This genome-wide association study for DSM-IV CAD criterion count was performed in 3 independent substance dependence cohorts (the Yale-Penn Study, Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment [SAGE], and International Consortium on the Genetics of Heroin Dependence [ICGHD]). A referral sample and volunteers recruited in the community and from substance abuse treatment centers included 6000 African American and 8754 European American participants, including some from small families. Participants from the Yale-Penn Study were recruited from 2000 to 2013. Data were collected for the SAGE trial from 1990 to 2007 and for the ICGHD from 2004 to 2009. Data were analyzed from January 2, 2013, to November 9, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Criterion count for DSM-IV CAD. RESULTS Among the 14 754 participants, 7879 were male, 6875 were female, and the mean (SD) age was 39.2 (10.2) years. Three independent regions with genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism associations were identified, considering the largest possible sample. These included rs143244591 (β = 0.54, P = 4.32 × 10-10 for the meta-analysis) in novel antisense transcript RP11-206M11.7;rs146091982 (β = 0.54, P = 1.33 × 10-9 for the meta-analysis) in the solute carrier family 35 member G1 gene (SLC35G1); and rs77378271 (β = 0.29, P = 2.13 × 10-8 for the meta-analysis) in the CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 gene (CSMD1). Also noted was evidence of genome-level pleiotropy between CAD and major depressive disorder and for an association with single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with schizophrenia risk. Several of the genes identified have functions related to neuronal calcium homeostasis or central nervous system development. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These results are the first, to our knowledge, to identify specific CAD risk alleles and potential genetic factors contributing to the comorbidity of CAD with major depression and schizophrenia.
Use of OSI IS-IS for routing in TCP/IP and dual environments

This RFC specifies an integrated routing protocol, based on the OSI Intra-Domain IS-IS Routing Protocol, which may be used as an interior gateway protocol (IGP) to support TCP/IP as well as OSI. This allows a single routing protocol to be used to support pure IP environments, pure OSI environments, and dual environments. This specification was developed by the IS-IS working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force.
Chlamydia pneumoniae CopD Translocator Protein Plays a Critical Role in Type III Secretion (T3S) and Infection

Pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria use type III secretion (T3S) to inject effector proteins into the host cell to create appropriate conditions for infection and intracellular replication. Chlamydia spp. are believed to use T3S to infect their host cell, and the translocator proteins are an essential component of this system. Chlamydia pneumoniae contains genes encoding two sets of translocator proteins; CopB and CopD, and CopB2 and CopD2. In this study, we identified novel interactions between CopD and three type III secretion proteins; namely, CopN, CdsN, and CdsF. We identified a CopD putative chaperone binding motif, PxLxxP, within the N-terminal region (CopD amino acids 120–125), which was necessary for interaction with its putative chaperone LcrH_1. Using size exclusion chromatography, we showed that CopD and LcrH_1 formed higher order structures in solution with CopD and LcrH_1 binding in a ratio of 1∶1, which is unique for T3SS translocator proteins. Lastly, we showed that antibodies to CopD reduced C. pneumoniae infectivity by >95%. Collectively, this data suggests that CopD plays a critical role in pathogenesis and likely functions as a hydrophobic translocator of the type III secretion system in Chlamydia pneumoniae.
A New Algorithm for Finding all Shortest Paths in a Graph of Positive Arcs in Average Time 0(n2 log2n)

We present a new algorithm for finding the shortest path between each pair of nodes in a directed nonnegatively weighted graph. Our algorithm has average running time $O(n^2 \log ^2 n)$ where the graph has n nodes in contrast to previous algorithms in the literature, all of whose average running times are $O(n^3 )$ for this problem.
Building height retrieval from WorldView-2 multi-angular images

The paper presents a new algorithm for the estimation of the heights of buildings acquired by multiangular multispec-tral/panchromatic acquisitions. The proposed method aims at exploiting the complete multiangular spatial and spectral information provided by the WorldView-2 system with controlled computational complexity of the overall automated system. It adopts a hierarchical classification scheme to detect the tops of the buildings from multangular pansharpened multispectral images of the considered urban scenario. Given five angular acquisitions, the (up to) four displacements of a rooftop with respect to the most nadiral view provide an accurate estimate of the height of the building. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides reliable and accurate building height estimates when compared to the true heights provided by publicly available building databases.
Divorce after long-term marriage : psychological well-being and parent-adult child relationships

The purpose of t h i s study was to answer the following questions: what are the e f f e c t s of recent divorce a f t e r long-term marriage on the psychological well-being of parents and on parent-adult c h i l d r e l a t i o n s h i p s , and what are the e f f e c t s of parent-adult c h i l d r e l a t i o n s h i p s on the psychological well-being of recently divorced parents? Analyses used prospective l o n g i t u d i n a l data from two waves of the National Survey of Families and Households. The sample f o r the study consists of 1584 respondents who were married and l i v i n g with t h e i r spouse at Time One; married at least nineteen years at time of f i n a l separation or mean time of f i n a l separation; were ei t h e r continuously married at Times One and Two (the comparison group) or married at Time One and separated or divorced at Time Two; and who had at least one c h i l d nineteen years or older at the time of f i n a l separation or mean time of separation. Study r e s u l t s show that divorce a f t e r long-term marriage had negative e f f e c t s on s e l f r e p o r t s of happiness, depression and parent-adult c h i l d contact; but reported l e v e l s of contact, support given and support received di d not moderate the negative e f f e c t s of divorce on parent's psychological well-being. A major f i n d i n g of the study i s that the e f f e c t s of divorce on psychological well-being and parent-adult c h i l d r e l a t i o n s h i p s , and the ef f e c t s of these r e l a t i o n s h i p s on postdivorce psychological well-being, were not s i g n i f i c a n t l y d i f f e r e n t f o r divorced mothers or divorced fathers. The r e s u l t s of the study were interpreted within the framework of i d e n t i t y theory, and implications of the research and suggestions f o r future research are also discussed.
Thinking of Co2+‐staining explant tissue or cultured cells? How to make it reliable and specific

Ca2+ and/or Zn2+ entry into neurons and glial cells is often a key step driving the processes of neurodevelopment and disease. As a result, a major pre‐occupation of many neuroscientists has been in tracking down when and where nervous tissues express ion channels with appreciable divalent ion permeability. The cobalt (Co2+)‐staining technique is one of the few techniques that allow a snapshot of the entire neuronal circuit, and selectively labels cells expressing divalent‐permeable ion channels with a brown–black precipitate. Despite this, its use has been remarkably limited in the past decade. Reluctance to employ this approach has largely been related to an earlier concern with obtaining a reliable and reproducible means of visualizing transported Co2+. Here we show that recent advances have resolved these issues, opening this straightforward and valuable technique to a much larger neuroscience audience.
Design of Wireless Sensor Network-Based Greenhouse Environment Monitoring and Automatic Control System

In view of the characteristics of greenhouse environment monitoring system , a system scheme based on wireless sensor network (WSN) is presented, which adopts Atmega128L chip and CC2530 that is a low power RF chip from TI to design the sink node and sensor nodes in the WSN. The monitoring and management center can control the temperature and humidity of the greenhouse, measure the carbon dioxide content, and collect the information about intensity of illumination, and so on. And the system adopts multilevel energy memory. It combines energy management with energy transfer, which makes the energy collected by solar energy batteries be used reasonably. Therefore, the self-managing energy supply system is established. In addition, the nodes deployment method and time synchronization problem are analyzed in detail. The system can solve the problem of complex cabling with the advantages of low power consumption, low cost, good robustness, extended flexible and high reliability. An effective tool is provided for monitoring and analysis decision-making of the greenhouse environment.
Navigating the turbulent waters of academia: the leadership role of programme managers

The focus of our paper is the leadership role of programme managers in the higher education sector. In particular, we highlight the complex and paradoxical nature of the programme leader’s role, and provide an insight into leadership in this challenging and dynamic environment. We identify cognitive and behavioural complexity as necessary capabilities for programme managers to ensure they can navigate the turbulent river system of academia. The Integrated Competing Values Framework describes some leadership behaviours appropriate for the programme manager’s role. We also argue how critical observation skills, reflection and self-awareness can assist programme managers to provide leadership in this uncertain environment. Our paper concludes with a discussion of areas for future research and important practical implications for universities.
Mapping concrete and abstract meanings to new words using verbal contexts

In three experiments, we examine the effects of semantic context and word concreteness on the mapping of existing meanings to new words. We developed a new-word-learning paradigm in which participants were required to discover the meaning of a new-word form from a specific verbal context. The stimulus materials were manipulated according to word concreteness, context availability and semantic congruency across contexts. Overall, participants successfully learned the meaning of the new word whether it was a concrete or an abstract word. Concrete word meanings were discovered and learned faster than abstract word meanings even when matched on context availability. The present results are discussed considering the various hypotheses that have been used to try to explain the ‘concreteness effect’. We conclude that the present investigation provides new evidence that the concreteness effect observed in learning is due to the different organization of abstract and concrete conceptual information in semantic memory.
Encoding Reusable Perceptual Features Enables Learning Future Categories from Few Examples

A perceptual system coping with a dynamic environment must be able to learn to detect new object categories from a few examples. However, learning from a small sample is restricted by the hindering effects of model overfitting. We present an algorithm aimed at circumventing the effects of overfitting by utilizing a set of reusable features, learned from several previously trained categories. We show that when applying a feature reuse strategy the algorithm learns complex real world objects from few examples.
HIV Decline Associated with Behavior Change in Eastern Zimbabwe

Few sub-Saharan African countries have witnessed declines in HIV prevalence, and only Uganda has compelling evidence for a decline founded on sexual behavior change. We report a decline in HIV prevalence in eastern Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2003 associated with sexual behavior change in four distinct socioeconomic strata. HIV prevalence fell most steeply at young ages—by 23 and 49%, respectively, among men aged 17 to 29 years and women aged 15 to 24 years—and in more educated groups. Sexually experienced men and women reported reductions in casual sex of 49 and 22%, respectively, whereas recent cohorts reported delayed sexual debut. Selective AIDS-induced mortality contributed to the decline in HIV prevalence.
Congressional samples for approximate answering of group-by queries

In large data warehousing environments, it is often advantageous to provide fast, approximate answers to complex decision support queries using precomputed summary statistics, such as samples. Decision support queries routinely segment the data into groups and then aggregate the information in each group (group-by queries). Depending on the data, there can be a wide disparity between the number of data items in each group. As a result, approximate answers based on uniform random samples of the data can result in poor accuracy for groups with very few data items, since such groups will be represented in the sample by very few (often zero) tuples. In this paper, we propose a general class of techniques for obtaining fast, highly-accurate answers for group-by queries. These techniques rely on precomputed non-uniform (biased) samples of the data. In particular, we propose congressional samples, a hybrid union of uniform and biased samples. Given a fixed amount of space, congressional samples seek to maximize the accuracy for all possible group-by queries on a set of columns. We present a one pass algorithm for constructing a congressional sample and use this technique to also incrementally maintain the sample up-to-date without accessing the base relation. We also evaluate query rewriting strategies for providing approximate answers from congressional samples. Finally, we conduct an extensive set of experiments on the TPC-D database, which demonstrates the efficacy of the techniques proposed.
Visualized Feature Fusion and Style Evaluation for Musical Genre Analysis

Different kinds of features in time domain, spectral domain and cepstral domain are used for musical genre classification. In this paper, through the fusion of short-term timbral features and long-term rhythmic feature, we propose a novel method where: musical genre vector is constructed using the likelihood ratio of GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) and radar chart is applied to provide visualized style evaluation for musical genre analysis, a promising performance is achieved over our database consisting of seven different types of music. Because of the fuzzy definition of musical genres, we also investigate the music with dual-genre based on musical genre vector and radar chart.
Provable Improvements on Branch Testing

This paper compares the fault-detecting ability of several software test data adequacy criteria. It has previously been shown that if C/sub 1/ properly covers C/sub 2/, then C/sub 1/ is guaranteed to be better at detecting faults than C/sub 2/, in the following sense: a test suite selected by independent random selection of one test case from each subdomain induced by C/sub 1/ is at least as likely to detect a fault as a test suite similarly selected using C/sub 2/. In contrast, if C/sub 1/ subsumes but does not properly cover C/sub 2/, this is not necessarily the case. These results are used to compare a number of criteria, including several that have been proposed as stronger alternatives to branch testing. We compare the relative fault-detecting ability of data flow testing, mutation testing, and the condition-coverage techniques, to branch testing, showing that most of the criteria examined are guaranteed to be better than branch testing according to two probabilistic measures. We also show that there are criteria that can sometimes be poorer at detecting faults than substantially less expensive criteria. >
A wideband circularly polarized slot-antenna array

In this paper, a wideband circularly polarized (CP) slot-antenna array is presented. A feeding network with four output ports is designed using metamaterial transmission line (MM TL) to feed four slot antenna elements, forming a sequential-rotation array (SRA) and resulting in CP operation. The antenna array is studied and designed using computer simulation and measurement. The measured results show that the antenna array has a wide impedance bandwidth (IMBW) of 0.92–3.65 GHz (2.73 GHz, 119.5%) and axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 1.43–3.59 GHz (2.16 GHz, 86.1%).
Comparison of Neurite Outgrowth Induced by Erythropoietin (EPO) and Carbamylated Erythropoietin (CEPO) in Hippocampal Neural Progenitor Cells

A previous animal study has shown the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) and its non-erythropoietic carbamylated derivative (CEPO) on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effect of EPO on adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and to compare the ability of EPO and CEPO promoting dendrite elongation in cultured hippocampal neural progenitor cells. Two-month-old male BALB/c mice were given daily injections of EPO (5 U/g) for seven days and were sacrificed 12 hours after the final injection. Proliferation assays demonstrated that EPO treatment increased the density of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) compared to that in vehicle-treated controls. Functional differentiation studies using dissociated hippocampal cultures revealed that EPO treatment also increased the number of double-labeled BrdU/microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) neurons compared to those in vehicle-treated controls. Both EPO and CEPO treatment significantly increased the length of neurites and spine density in MAP2(+) cells. In summary, these results provide evidences that EPO and CEPO promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation. These suggest that EPO and CEPO could be a good candidate for treating neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety associated with neuronal atrophy and reduced hippocampal neurogenesis.
Towards understanding language organisation in the brain using fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which allows non‐invasive mapping of human cognitive functions, has become an important tool for understanding language function. An understanding of component processes and sources of noise in the images is contributing to increased confidence in the reproductability of studies. This allows clinical applications, e.g., for pre‐surgical lateralisation of language functions in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. fMRI is a sensitive method for mapping regions involved in language functions. We recently have applied it to study the effect of word surface form on reading with a comparison of responses to Chinese characters or alphabetical Pinyin. Interpretation of fMRI activations must be made with caution; fMRI suggests task‐associated activation, but does not independently confirm that such activity is necessary. However, complementary studies can be performed using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which can be used to interfere with brain activity in a specific region transiently for characterisation of the behavioural effects. We describe how TMS combined with fMRI has confirmed a role for the left inferior frontal cortex in semantic processing. Hum. Brain Mapping 18:239–247, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Estimation of complex ultrasonic medium responses by deconvolution

The resolution of a conventional ultrasound system is limited by the pulse length and beam width, and significant improvement is possible by deconvolution of the ultrasound RF signal. Most previous research has been based on the assumption that the medium response was real valued. However, a complex-valued medium response incorporates the phase of the carrier wave and provides a more comprehensive and appropriate model even though the deconvolution becomes substantially more difficult because the problem is inherently underdetermined. To address this problem, an iterative algorithm, the least squares method with point count regularization (LSPC) was developed and presented. Simulations and experiments were used to examine the performance of the algorithm, and excellent results were obtained and reported. Further study of the algorithm to reduce computational complexity and to improve robustness is in progress.
A STRESS TEST OF THE EFFECTS OF BANKRUPTCY RISK , ACCOUNTING QUALITY AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON AUDIT FEES : EVIDENCE FROM HONG KONG DURING THE ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS

This paper studies how a client's bankruptcy risk, together with its accounting quality and corporate governance, affect audit pricing. We use the unusual economic conditions of the 1998 Asian financial crisis as a stress test of the effect of these factors on audit pricing in Hong Kong. We find that audit fees are highly sensitive to a client firm's financial condition, corporate governance, and accounting quality. Firms with high risk of failure paid significantly higher audit fees. Firm's with lower quality earnings due to abnormal/discretionary accruals generally paid higher audit fees, although this effect is moderated by the firm's financial condition. We also find that well-governed firms with above median financial condition paid significantly lower audit fees. Our results, and related prior research, are well explained through use of a more comprehensive risk model that incorporates accounting as well as auditing uncertainties.