Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Instruction of Evaluation Competencies in Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH)-Accredited Master of Public Health (MPH) Degree Programs

Although research on evaluation instruction has increased in the past decade, little is known about evaluation education in Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH)–accredited schools of public health and master of public health (MPH) programs. In this study, instruction of competencies for program evaluators as enumerated by Stevahn, King, Ghere, and Minnema and pedagogies used by instructors to cover the competencies in the MPH degree within CEPH-accredited schools and programs are investigated. To understand these questions, a two-phase sequential mixed method design was used where the first was a review of 156 schools and programs and their 652 evaluation course offerings and the second consisted of administration of a survey to the 580 instructors who taught evaluation courses coded as either partially or fully focused on evaluation, of which 128 responded (22.07%). Results suggest evaluation courses in CEPH-accredited schools and programs cover many evaluator competencies, albeit to various degrees, predominately through lectures and reading materials.
Competency Profile of the Digital and Online Teacher in Future Education

As education progresses in the digital era and in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, learning will be adaptive and individualized to meet the needs of individual learners. This is possible because of emerging technology, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things. This study is making significant contribution to future education by identifying forces that are shaping education and developing a competency profile for the digital teacher of the future. The research conducted focus groups and interviews with education experts from six countries to identify the forces shaping education in the future and the competencies required by the digital teacher to function effectively. The Competency Profile for the Digital Teacher (CPDT) can be used to train and orient the digital teacher of the future.
Management decision based on lymphovascular involvement leads to favorable outcomes after endoscopic treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) invading the muscularis mucosae (MM) and submucosa up to 200 µm (SM1) has a risk of metastasis. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for MM/SM1 ESCC and to assess the management after ESD in our hospital. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single institution. Patients with MM or SM1 ESCC who were treated with ESD were included. Additional prophylactic therapy was added if lymphovascular involvement (LVI) was noted in the ESD specimens. Results A total of 102 patients were analyzed. The median length of follow-up was 71.5 months (range 9 – 144 months) and the median number of CTs was 6 (range 0 – 24). LVI was found in 21 patients (20.6 %), and 12 patients underwent additional prophylactic therapy. The 5-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, and tumor-free survival rates were 84.1 %, 97.5 %, and 82.1 %, respectively. A total of 26 patients died, but only 2 of them died from ESCC. The cumulative metastasis rate was 11.8 %, and LVI was a significant predictor of metastasis (hazard ratio 5.42, 95 % confidence interval 1.39 – 21.18; P = 0.02). There were no differences between patients with MM ESCC and those with SM1 ESCC. Conclusions The long-term outcome after ESD for MM/SM1 ESCC was favorable with additional prophylactic therapy and strict adherence to follow-up. These results indicate that our management decision based on LVI is a valid approach and that ESD can be offered as a therapeutic option to MM/SM1 ESCCs.
When Should Large Firms Collaborate with Young Ventures?

OVERVIEW: Young ventures can be highly interesting innovation partners for large firms. However, large firms frequently pursue collaborations with young ventures without a clear action plan, neglecting the challenges that such asymmetric partnerships may bring. Our study identifies multiple opportunities and challenges for large firms that want to collaborate with young ventures. By understanding the opportunities offered by collaborations with young ventures while simultaneously recognizing the challenges in different stages of the innovation process, large firms can achieve better results from these collaborations. We offer a young venture collaboration decision-making model to support managers in large firms in making the right decisions around asymmetric collaborations with young ventures.
A Conserved Protein with AN1 Zinc Finger and Ubiquitin-like Domains Modulates Cdc48 (p97) Function in the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway*

Background: New regulators of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) were sought in yeast. Results: Cuz1 (Cdc48-associated ubiquitin-like/zinc finger protein-1) interacts with the Cdc48/p97 ATPase and promotes endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. Conclusion: Cuz1 is a highly conserved Cdc48 cofactor that also binds proteasomes, especially in cells exposed to arsenite. Significance: This first characterization of the Cuz1 protein family links it to specific Cdc48/p97 complexes. Regulated protein degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is critical to eukaryotic protein homeostasis. Often vital to degradation of protein substrates is their disassembly, unfolding, or extraction from membranes. These processes are catalyzed by the conserved AAA-ATPase Cdc48 (also known as p97). Here we characterize the Cuz1 protein (Cdc48-associated UBL/zinc finger protein-1), encoded by a previously uncharacterized arsenite-inducible gene in budding yeast. Cuz1, like its human ortholog ZFAND1, has both an AN1-type zinc finger (Zf_AN1) and a divergent ubiquitin-like domain (UBL). We show that Cuz1 modulates Cdc48 function in the UPS. The two proteins directly interact, and the Cuz1 UBL, but not Zf_AN1, is necessary for binding to the Cdc48 N-terminal domain. Cuz1 also associates, albeit more weakly, with the proteasome, and the UBL is dispensable for this interaction. Cuz1-proteasome interaction is strongly enhanced by exposure of cells to the environmental toxin arsenite, and in a proteasome mutant, loss of Cuz1 enhances arsenite sensitivity. Whereas loss of Cuz1 alone causes only minor UPS degradation defects, its combination with mutations in the Cdc48Npl4-Ufd1 complex leads to much greater impairment. Cuz1 helps limit the accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates on both the proteasome and Cdc48, suggesting a possible role in the transfer of ubiquitylated substrates from Cdc48 to the proteasome or in their release from these complexes.
Strategic Technology Partnering Capabilities: A Systematic Review of the Empirical Evidence Over Two Decades

Purpose:– Strategic technology partnering (STP) is considered to be significant for the access to novel technologies that are unknown to organisations. However, the performance heterogeneities within organisations can be explained by STP capabilities. Hence, the purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to provide a classificatory framework by categorising the various STP capabilities; second, to draw conclusions from the analysis of the empirical findings; and third, to guide further publications and identify future research needs. Design/methodology/approach:– The present paper adopts a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology. In this research, the extant empirical research on STP capabilities will first be classified and integrated within a classificatory framework. Lastly, the review insights will provide methodological suggestions along with theoretical themes for future research that have not been yet explored. Findings:– The study findings show that there is a strong need for a clear and unified terminology for the distinctive capabilities of STP and research has mainly highlighted certain common capabilities while other essential ones lack analysis. The SLR further reveals that most research has been quantitative in nature relying on secondary database research. Originality/value:– This SLR provides a thorough overview of prior research on STP capabilities investigating 65 articles published in highly ranked peer-reviewed journals, spanning a 22-year period from 1992 to 2014. In sum, his review structures extant STP capabilities literature into a proposed classificatory framework referred to as “CLONT-framework” and highlights its critical importance in strategic management and innovation research from a theoretical, empirical, and practical point of view.
Effect of the concentrated-diatom of Caloneis schroederi and Rhaphoneis sp. for seedling production of Haliotis discus hannai

Even though seedling production of Haliotis discus hannai has fully developed, the culture of benthic diatom as a live food for larvae is still a barrier to solve in commercial hatchery. The farmer depends on mixed microalgae which are non-selectively attached on the plate by flowing of natural seawater. The adequate diatom on the plate for the larvae in terms of quality and quantity is always significant bottleneck in the hatchery. In this study, two benthic diatom species, Caloneis schroederi and Rhaphoneis sp. were separately cultured in mass and inoculated to four tons' settlement tank of the larvae. And the larvae and the spats were cultured for nineteen and nine weeks, respectively. The result on seedling production of H. discus hannai with this method was compared to that of the farmer's traditional method as a control. With regard to variation of species composition of benthic diatom on the plate, C. schroederi and Rhaphoneis sp. were dominant for first three weeks after inoculation. But the diverse diatoms mainly, Navicula, Amphora, Cylindrotheca, Licmophora, Pleurosigma began to attache on the plate from the 4th week. The larvae attached 2.5 times more in C. schroederi tank than in the control tank. The final total biomass of the seeds in Rhaphoneis sp. tank was 3.2 times more than that of the control tank. The retared-spats in the seedling production also showed significantly higher growth and survival in the spat fed Rhaphoneis sp. or C. schroederi than those in the control group. We suggest that C. schroederi is proper for settlement of the larvae and Rhaphoneis sp. is appropriate for the growth of the larvae and spats in the commercial hatchery of H. discus hannai.
Manganese-Dependent Polioviruses Caused by Mutations within the Viral Polymerase

ABSTRACT Viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases exhibit great sequence diversity. Only six core amino acids are conserved across all polymerases of positive-strand RNA viruses of eukaryotes. While exploring the function of one of these completely conserved residues, asparagine 297 in the prototypic poliovirus polymerase 3Dpol, we identified three viable mutants with noncanonical amino acids at this conserved position. Although asparagine 297 could be replaced by glycine or alanine in these mutants, the viruses exhibited Mn2+-dependent RNA replication and viral growth. All known RNA polymerases and replicative polymerases of bacterial, eukaryotic, and viral organisms are thought to be magnesium dependent in vivo, and therefore these mutant polioviruses may represent the first viruses with a requirement for an alternative polymerase cation. These results demonstrate the extreme functional flexibility of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Furthermore, the finding that strictly conserved residues in the nucleotide binding pocket of the polymerase can be altered in a manner that supports virus production suggests that drugs targeting this region of the enzyme will still be susceptible to the problem of drug-resistant escape mutants.
Network-based event-triggered filtering for Markovian jump systems

ABSTRACT The problem of event-triggered H∞ filtering for networked Markovian jump system is studied in this paper. A dynamic discrete event-triggered scheme is designed to choose the transmitted data for different Markovian jumping modes. The time-delay modelling method is employed to describe the event-triggered scheme and the network-related behaviour, such as transmission delay, data package dropout and disorder, into a networked Markovian time-delay jump system. Furthermore, a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee that the resulting filtering error system is stochastically stable with a prescribed performance index. A co-design method for the H∞ filter and the event-triggered scheme is then proposed. The effectiveness and potential of the theoretic results obtained are illustrated by a simulation example.
Members of the bcl-2 and caspase families regulate nuclear degeneration during chick lens fibre differentiation.

The optical clarity of the lens is ensured by the programmed removal of nuclei and other organelles from the lens fibre cells during development. The morphology of the degenerating nuclei is similar to that observed during apoptosis and is accompanied by DNA fragmentation. Proteins encoded by the bcl-2 proto-oncogene family are important in either promoting or inhibiting apoptosis, and caspases are involved in downstream proteolytic events. Here, the expression of bcl-2 family members (bcl-2, bax, bad, and bcl-x(s/l)) and caspases-1, -2, -3, -4, and -6 was investigated through a range of stages of chick lens development using immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, and affinity labelling for caspases using biotinylated caspase inhibitors. Using differentiating lens epithelial cell cultures, it was demonstrated that the addition to cultures of synthetic peptide inhibitors of caspases -1, -2, -4, -6, and -9 brought about a 50-70% reduction in the number of degenerating nuclei per unit area of culture, as assessed by image analysis. These effects were comparable to those seen when general inhibitors of caspases were added to cultures. On the other hand, inhibitors of caspases-3 and -8 were not effective in significantly reducing the number of TUNEL-labelled nuclei. Expression of the caspase substrates poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and the 45-kDa subunit of DNA fragmentation factor (DFF 45) was also observed in the developing lens. Western blots of cultures to which caspase inhibitors were added revealed alterations in the PARP cleavage pattern, but not in that of DFF. These results demonstrate a role for members of the bcl-2 family and caspases in the degeneration of lens fibre cell nuclei during chick secondary lens fibre development and support the proposal that this process has many characteristics in common with apoptosis.
Structural simulation of molecular clusters and vapor-liquid interface

The atmosphere is an inhomogeneous system of vapors, and liquid as well as solid particles. The nucleation process is an important source of particles, observed at most sites where particle measurements have been carried out. Sulfuric acid plays an important role in the first steps of particle formation, but a complete picture of process, after several years of research, is still unclear. Computational methods provide valuable information to support experimental observations, and sometimes they are the only way to obtain information about the system. In this thesis, molecular level simulations have been performed for inhomogeneous systems. The description of surface composition has been connected to the unphysical behavior of classical nucleation theory in the case of a surface-active mixture. Density functional theory for classical fluid has been employed to test three well known phenomenological models for surface composition. Simple models presented by Ebenhart, and Kulmala and Laaksonen who modified Eberhart’s model, give good agreement with computed composition. The quality of molecular dynamic simulations depend on simulation conditions and the interaction potentials used. Indirect nucleation simulations performed for argon indicate that a vapor phase of tens of atoms is large enough to correct predict the density distribution, surface tension and equilibrium cluster size. The repulsive wall of a spherical simulation box disturb only vapor density and temperature distributions. The use of a Nose-Hoover thermostat simplifies the simulation procedure, and the system properties such as the density profile are indistinguishable from the constant energy simulations. The uncertainty concerning the reliability of molecular dynamic simulation results increases when a chemically active molecular system is simulated. Proton transfer reactions appearing in the sulfuric acid water system are modelled by simulating bisulfate-oxonium ion pairs instead of neutral molecules. Structural differences between systems including ion pairs and neutral molecules are observed as expected. However, all the observed differences may also be simulation artefacts. Atmospheric sulfuric acid is mainly formed via oxidation of sulfur dioxcide. Byproducts of the oxidation chain are proposed to participate in nucleation, and dimer formation of sulfurcontaining compounds with sulfuric acid, as well as the hydration of these dimer by one water molecule, are studied using quantum chemical calculations. A stability study of dimers and trimers shows that only peroxidisulfuric acid-sulfuric acid dimer is more stable than sulfuric acid dimer Peroxidisulfuric acid (H2S2O8) may also replace a sulfuric acid in a sulfuric acid water cluster, but the second replacement is unfavorable, and thus H2S2O8 does not enhance sulfuric acid addition to the cluster.
Bulk-Loading an Index for Temporally Overlaying Spatio-Textual Trajectories

The IR-With-Identifiers (IRWI) tree, proposed by Issa and Damiani, indexes temporally overlaying spatio-textual trajectories and allows for efficiently answering sequenced spatio-textual range queries. We investigate the efficiency of constructing such a tree and show that its hybrid nature, combining spatial and textual information, poses challenges to the design of an efficient bulk-loading algorithm. We show that a variant of the Sort-Tile-Recursive algorithm and, to a lesser extent, an adaptation of the generic QuickLoad algorithm, both along with a bulk-loading scheme for the inverted indexes of the IRWI-tree significantly improve the construction time while maintaining or even improving query performance.
Changes in reward‐induced brain activation in opiate addicts

Many studies indicate a role of the cerebral dopaminergic reward system in addiction. Motivated by these findings, we examined in opiate addicts whether brain regions involved in the reward circuitry also react to human prototypical rewards. We measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with H215O positron emission tomography (PET) during a visuo‐spatial recognition task with delayed response in control subjects and in opiate addicts participating in a methadone program. Three conditions were defined by the types of feedback: nonsense feedback; nonmonetary reinforcement; or monetary reward, received by the subjects for a correct response. We found in the control subjects rCBF increases in regions associated with the meso‐striatal and meso‐corticolimbic circuits in response to both monetary reward and nonmonetary reinforcement. In opiate addicts, these regions were activated only in response to monetary reward. Furthermore, nonmonetary reinforcement elicited rCBF increases in limbic regions of the opiate addicts that were not activated in the control subjects. Because psychoactive drugs serve as rewards and directly affect regions of the dopaminergic system like the striatum, we conclude that the differences in rCBF increases between controls and addicts can be attributed to an adaptive consequence of the addiction process.
Hospital Attributes and Physician Prices

While the physician's role in determining hospital behavior has been the focus of a number of studies [3; 4; 7; 9], the hospital's affect on physician pricing behavior has been largely ignored. Hospitals provide many of the inputs to the production of physician services, and hospitals differ widely in their attributes, yet there has been little research into the distribution of physicians across hospitals. Clearly there must exist a sorting mechanism which matches each physician with a hospital. In most markets that mechanism is price, but because no explicit fee is exchanged between physicians and hospitals most researchers have modeled the hospital as a free workshop for physicians. The distribution of physicians in these models results from closed staffing agreements which limit the medical staff size at each hospital [8]. This view begs the question of the criteria used by the physician in selecting a hospital, or the criteria used by the hospital in admitting another physician to its medical staff. If one hospital is more attractive to physicians than another, physicians closed out of the superior hospital will exert whatever power they have to increase the desirability of the second hospital. In this case we would expect to see less dispersion in hospital attributes than we now observe. If hospitals view one physician as more attractive than another they will not leave the composition of their medical staffs to random chance. If the superior physician incurred any cost to become more desirable to the hospital then hospital affiliation is not free.
Numerical simulation of the 3 dimensional heated necrosis element under HIFU transducer

Thermal therapy is a type of cancer treatment in which body tissue is exposed to high temperature, to damage and kill cancer cells. The lesion induced by a single high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), namely a heated necrotic element or biological focal region is the foundation for the HIFU ablation of a tumor mass. In this paper, the pressure field induced by HIFU transducer was solved using ONeill's equation. The temperature distribution was simulated by solving the Pennes' bioheat transfer equation. The effects of different ultrasound parameters, such as sound intensity, exposure time and ultrasound frequency, on the heated necrosis element are investigated. Numerical results show that with increasing exposures, the heated necrosis element increases, but its contour becomes plumper and increasing the ultrasound frequency or the outer radius of the spherical transducer leads to decrease in the heated necrosis volume.