Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crystallographic phasing of myristoyl-CoA-protein N-myristoyltransferase using an iodinated analog of myristoyl-CoA.

Myristoyl-CoA-protein N-myristoyltransferase (Nmt; E.C. 2.1.3.97) catalyzes the covalent attachment of myristate to the N-terminal glycine amine of many eukaryotic and viral proteins. The molecular structure of the ternary complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nmt1p with a bound non-hydrolyzable myristoyl-CoA analog, S-(2-oxopentadecyl)-CoA, and a competitive peptidomimetic inhibitor, SC-58272, was solved to 2.9 A resolution by X-ray crystallography. The structure determination utilized diffraction data from an iodinated ternary complex in which a newly designed and synthesized compound, S-(13-iodo-2-oxotridecyl)-CoA, was substituted for S-(2-oxopentadecyl)-CoA. Replacing the two terminal fatty acid C atoms of myristate by iodine produced, under the same crystallization conditions, heavy-atom-derivatized crystals of defined site occupancy that were isomorphous to the native complex. This approach for obtaining experimental phase information can be extended to other crystal structures of protein-fatty acyl complexes. The synthesis of S-(13-iodo-2-oxotridecyl)-CoA and the phasing procedure are described.
Giving in South Africa: Determining the influence of altruism, inequality aversion and social capital

I use data from the South African Social Giving Survey to investigate the role of social capital and motivations for giving to formal charities and beggars. Results suggest that both impure altruism and inequality aversion positively influence giving to formal charities but they have no influence on giving to beggars. The role of social capital is varied. Members of informal insurance groups are more likely to give to both charities and beggars, while members of formal community groups are more likely to give to charities only. Members of interest groups are actually less likely to donate to charities and prefer giving to beggars.
Research on Acquisition of Clean Governance Evaluation Techniques for Big Data

In this paper, based on large data for clean governance evaluation technology, the terminal communication access their own data and the correlation data for big data intelligent access to cleaning, warehousing management assessment, implementation based on RCM/RBM and LCC communication equipment state model, state evaluation and auxiliary decision-making, “missing or incomplete data” can be converted to meet the quality requirements or the requirements of the application data, data communication terminal access their own data and associated data cleaning governance evaluation research, communication large data integration management model is put forward, build communication terminal access network data platform, so as to improve the quality of the data set, meet the needs of data analysis.
Fabrication of cnfets with low-resistance electrical contacts

Poor electrical contacts are obstacles for the application of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs) fabricated by lithography-based processes. One of the most influential factors is the resist residues existing at the metal-SWNT interface. However, the conventional resist removal approaches are not compatible to the SWNT-based fabrication process. Here we present an approach using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alumina to protect SWNTs from the image resists. As compared to other techniques, the ALD yields a uniform layer of Al2O3 on SiO2 and the alumina layer can be easily and completely removed from the SWNTs prior to metal evaporation. By utilizing such a protective layer, the cleanliness of the SWNTs is improved. Consequently, the distribution of on-resistances is narrowed and the mean value of the on-resistances is reduced to 38 KΩ from 52 KΩ for the CNFETs fabricated with and without the protective layer respectively. The simplicity of this approach makes it be easily integrated to other SWNT-based process flows.
Immigration, Fiscal Policy, and Welfare in an Aging Population

Abstract I evaluate the welfare effects of exogenous changes in immigration policy by constructing a heterogeneous agent overlapping generations model with agents differing in age, origin, and skills. Calibrating the model to Germany, I match the main features of the social security and tax systems, and account for differences in inter-generational transmission of skills and fertility between immigrants and natives. I find that a prohibition on immigration reduces welfare for the natives, whereas a policy that allows an annual inflow equal to 0.4 percent of the population increases welfare for all agents on the new balanced growth path. Interactions between the social security system, taxes, and equilibrium prices are crucial: immigration reduces wages, but raises the rental rate of capital and the number of workers per retiree, allowing for higher pension benefits and a lower consumption tax rate.
Practical influence of the strategic process in organizational results

This article proposes to verify to what extent the practice of the strategic process exerts influence in the managerial results of a garment industry of the State of Santa Catarina. The topic is discussed theoretically, however, doubts remain about the effectiveness of its purposes with the daily execution of its activities. From this premise came the question of research: in what way does the practice of the strategic process influence the organizational results of a garment industry? It presents an exploratory-descriptive approach of qualitative nature, based on the methodology of case study. Initially, a bibliographical research was done to survey the theoretical aspects about the theme. In the empirical research, an interview with the director of the company was carried out, as well as a questionnaire was elaborated applied to the responsible managers of each area. The collected data were transcribed, analyzed and refined in order to generate information relevant to the study. As a result, it was possible to verify the importance of establishing strategic processes in practice and the synergy between those involved in decision making. It also demonstrates that the use of management tools enables a clearer understanding of all the strategic processes that it influences. In addition, it helps to predict risks, analyzes opportunities and provides an improved observation of the results and ends with the proposal of future studies.
A polynomial verification algorithm for safe diagnosability of fuzzy discrete-event systems

In this paper, we investigate the verification issue for safe diagnosability of fuzzy discrete-event systems (FDESs). In order to guarantee that faults occurring in a safe diagnosable fuzzy system can be detected with a certain degree, and the detection may be completed before any unsafe behavior is executed, we construct a nondeterministic automaton, namely verifier, to check whether a certain forbidden operation is executed in the failed mode of fuzzy system. Then a necessary and sufficient condition for verifying the safe diagnosability of FDESs is proposed. It is illustrated that the verifier of an FDES can be constructed with a polynomial complexity, and the verification for its safe diagnosability can be realized within polynomial time.
Hurricane Georges's Landfall in the Dominican Republic: Detailed Airborne Doppler Radar Imagery

Abstract Current understanding of landfalling tropical cyclones is limited, especially with regard to convective–scale pro–cesses. On 22 September 1998 Hurricane Georges made landfall on the island of Hispaniola, leaving behind a trail of death and devastation, largely the result of excessive rainfall, not storm surge or wind. Detailed airborne measurements were taken as part of the Third Convection and Moisture Experiment. Of particular interest are the ER–2 nadir X–band Doppler radar data, which provide a first–time, high–resolution view of the precipitation and airflow changes as a hurricane interacts with mountainous terrain. The circulation of Hurricane Georges obviously declined during landfall, evident in the rapid increase in minimum sea level pressure, the subsidence of the eyewall anvil, and the decrease in average ice concentrations in the eyewall. The eye, as seen in satellite imagery, disappeared as deep convection erupted within the eye. The main convective event within the eye, with upper–l.
Auditory symmetry analysis.

The study of biological symmetry continues to be an important and active area of research, yet in the hearing sciences there are no established quantitative methods for measuring auditory asymmetries and dissimilarities in threshold tuning curves (i.e. audiograms). Using a paired design and adopting methods from the analysis of fluctuating asymmetry, we describe methods for auditory researchers interested in delineating auditory asymmetries and comparing tuning curves, behavioral or neural. We illustrate the methods using audiograms of the prothoracic T-cell interneuron in a nocturnal katydid (Neoconocephalus ensiger). The results show that 87-92 % of T-cells had right-minus-left threshold asymmetries no larger than expected from measurement error alone. Thus, apart from small random fluctuating asymmetries, T-cell pairs in N. ensiger showed no sensory bias and were bilaterally symmetrical from 5 to 100 kHz. The sensitivity of the methods for detecting tuning curve dissimilarities was confirmed in a sound lateralization paradigm by comparing the 'symmetry' (i.e. similarity) of T-cell tuning curves measured at 0 degrees stimulation with tuning curves measured at 90 degrees stimulation for the same T-cell. The results show that T-cell thresholds measured frontally (0 degrees ) were significantly higher than those measured laterally (90 degrees ), particularly for ultrasonic frequencies. Statistically, the directional shift (increase) in auditory thresholds was detected as a directional asymmetry in T-cell tuning, whose origin and functional significance to an insect behaving normally are discussed. The paper discusses practical considerations for detecting auditory asymmetries and tuning curve dissimilarities in general, and closes by questioning the relevance of auditory symmetry for sound localization in both vertebrates and insects.
p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN Enhancement-Mode HEMTs

GaN-based enhancement-mode (E-mode) HEMTs are attracting significant interest for integration of control circuitry and for the added safety of a normally-off device in power switching applications. While previous work reports excellent performance by gate-recessing' and Fluorine-based plasma treatment2, the Schottky gate turn-on voltage of these devices are at most 2 V. Because highpower switching applications require a threshold voltage of over 1 V for gate signal noise immunity, increasing the gate turn-on voltage is crucial. Utilization of p-GaN barrier below the gate3 depletes the channel and increases the gate turn-on voltage to 3 V, rendering it attractive for high-power applications. In this report we present a p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN E-mode HEMTs with a 3 V gate turn-on and maximum output current exceeding 0.3 A/mm. In addition, pulsed I-V measurement and small-signal performance of these devices are presented and the design space of p-GaN gated E-mode HEMTs are investigated for high-power switching applications.
Online Scheme for Multiple Camera Multiple Target Tracking Based on Multiple Hypothesis Tracking

We propose an online tracking algorithm for multiple target tracking with multiple cameras. In this paper, we suggest a multiple hypothesis tracking (MHT) framework to find an unknown number of multiple tracks through the spatio-temporal association between tracklets generated from multiple cameras. In this framework, the MHT is realized online by solving the maximum weighted clique problem (MWCP) at every frame to estimate the 3D trajectories of the targets. To handle the NP-hard issue of the MWCP, we propose a novel online scheme that formulates the MWCP using feedback information from the previous frame’s result to find optimal tracks at every frame. This scheme enables the MWCP to be formulated by multiple subproblems and will significantly reduce the computation. The experiments show that the proposed algorithm performs comparably with the state-of-the-art batch algorithms, even though it adopts an online scheme.
Situating and Constructing Diversity in Semi-Structured Interviews

Although semi-structured interviews (SSIs) are used extensively in research, scant attention is given to their diversity, underlying assumptions, construction, and broad applications to qualitative and mixed-method research. In this three-part article, we discuss the following: (a) how the SSI is situated historically including its evolution and diversification, (b) the principles of constructing SSIs, and (c) how SSIs are utilized as a stand-alone research method, and as strategy within a mixed-method design.
Control of planar cell polarity by interaction of DWnt4 and four‐jointed

The Drosophila eye and the wing display specific planar cell polarity. Although Frizzled (Fz) signaling has been implicated in the establishment of ommatidial and wing hair polarity, evidence for the Wnt gene function has been limited. Here we examined the function of a Drosophila homolog of Wnt4 (DWnt4) in the control of planar polarity. We show that DWnt4 mRNA and protein are preferentially expressed in the ventral region of eye disc. DWnt4 mutant eyes show polarity reversals mostly in the ventral domain, consistent with the ventral expression of DWnt4. Ectopic expression of DWnt4 in the dorsoventral (DV) polar margins is insufficient to induce ommatidial polarity but becomes inductive when coexpressed with Four‐jointed (Fj). Similarly, DWnt4 and Fj result in synergistic induction of hair polarity toward the source of expression in the wing. Consistent with genetic interaction, we provide evidence for direct interaction of DWnt4 and Fj transmembrane protein. The extracellular domain of Fj is required for direct binding to DWnt4 and for the induction of hair polarity. In contrast to the synergy between DWnt4 and Fj, DWnt4 antagonizes the polarizing effect of Fz. Our results suggest that DWnt4 is involved in ommatidial polarity signaling in the ventral region of the eye and its function is mediated by interacting with Fj. genesis 42:150–161, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical Features Associated with Suicide Attempts versus Suicide Gestures in an Inpatient Sample

The objective of this study was to test whether suicide attempters and suicide gesturers can be clinically differentiated. A total of 150 subjects who had attempted suicide at least once, had made a suicide gesture, had suicidal ideation, and/or had engaged in non-suicidal self-injury were recruited from the inpatient service of the Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Madrid, Spain). A multinomial regression analysis was conducted. Histrionic and antisocial personality disorders were risk factors specific to suicide gestures. Narcissistic personality disorder was specifically associated with suicide attempts. Borderline personality disorder was associated with both suicide gestures and attempts. A high level of impulsiveness was a risk factor specific to suicide attempts. Conclusion: Suicide attempters and suicide gesturers are two distinct, although partially overlapping, populations.
Joint Space-Time Equalization and Multiuser Detection for High Data Rate Users in DS-CDMA Systems with Data Selective Adaptive Recurrent Neural Networks

A space-time adaptive decision feedback (DF) multiuser receiver (MUD) for DS-CDMA systems using recurrent neural networks (RNN) is proposed for joint equalization and interference suppression. A space-time DF CDMA multiuser detection structure is presented with dynamically driven RNNs in the feedforward section and a finite impulse response (FIR) linear filter in the feedback section for performing interference cancellation. A data selective stochastic gradient (SG) algorithm, based upon the set-membership design criterion, is developed for estimating the parameters of the proposed receiver structure. Simulation results show that the proposed techniques achieve significant performance gains over existing ones
A multi-centre, randomised, open-label study of atomoxetine compared with standard current therapy in UK children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)*

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the broader efficacy (i.e., improvements in quality of life/functional outcomes) of atomoxetine compared with standard current therapy (SCT) in UK paediatric patients with ADHD and to explore clinician/parent/child perceptions of ADHD. Research design and methods: A total of 201 patients with ADHD were randomised into this multi-centre, open-label study to receive atomoxetine (n = 104) or SCT (n = 97) for 10 weeks. Broader efficacy was assessed using the parent-rated Child Health and Illness Profile-Child Edition (CHIP‑CE) total (global) t-score. Secondary outcome measures included the five CHIP‑CE domains; parent-rated Family Burden of Illness Module (FBIM); investigator-rated ADHD‑Rating Scale; investigator-rated Clinical Global Impression (CGI)-Severity/Improvement scales; and child-rated Harter Self-Perception Profile (HSPP). Results: Quality of life of children/adolescents with ADHD was extremely compromised at baseline (CHIP‑CE total t-scores: atomoxetine, 23.2 ± 12.2; SCT, 23.9 ± 11.0), and improved during the 10-week study for both groups; the CHIP‑CE score was statistically significantly higher for patients treated with atomoxetine (38.4 ± 1.3) compared with SCT (30.8 ± 1.3) at week 10 ( p < 0.001). ADHD‑RS, CGI-Severity, and CGI-Improvement scores were significantly different between the groups in favour of atomoxetine ( p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the HSPP Social Acceptance domain in favour of atomoxetine, but not in the five other HSPP domains or FBIM total score. Atomoxetine was well-tolerated. Conclusions: Results from this open-label trial show that atomoxetine is superior to SCT in addressing broader efficacy and functional outcomes in UK children/adolescents with ADHD. This study contributes to the understanding of broader efficacy in children with ADHD, and is timely in light of recent NICE guidance.
Real‐time fluid simulation with adaptive SPH

We present a new adaptive model for real‐time fluid simulation based on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) framework. Unlike traditional time‐consuming SPH methods, our model can simulate fluid at a considerably faster speed without losing realism. In our model, we first introduce the non‐uniform particle system and propose a generalized distance field function which considers not only geometrical complexity but also physical complexity of fluid body. And the new sampling rules for splitting and merging of particles are also presented. This can greatly reduce the computation time of the dynamic fluid simulation. Then, a new pressure state equation and an adaptive surface tension model are proposed to enhance the stability of the system and to make the free surface more realistic. To further accelerate the computation, a special fluid solver is designed and implemented using GPU. Various fluid phenomena like breaking wave and flood are simulated at real‐time. Experiments demonstrate that our new adaptive model can greatly enhance the computation efficiency of fluid simulation compared with previous adaptive methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi-robot formation control and object transport in dynamic environments via constrained optimization

We present a constrained optimization method for multi-robot formation control in dynamic environments, where the robots adjust the parameters of the formation, such as size and three-dimensional orientation, to avoid collisions with static and moving obstacles, and to make progress towards their goal. We describe two variants of the algorithm, one for local motion planning and one for global path planning. The local planner first computes a large obstacle-free convex region in a neighborhood of the robots, embedded in position-time space. Then, the parameters of the formation are optimized therein by solving a constrained optimization, via sequential convex programming. The robots navigate towards the optimized formation with individual controllers that account for their dynamics. The idea is extended to global path planning by sampling convex regions in free position space and connecting them if a transition in formation is possible - computed via the constrained optimization. The path of lowest cost to the goal is then found via graph search. The method applies to ground and aerial vehicles navigating in two- and three-dimensional environments among static and dynamic obstacles, allows for reconfiguration, and is efficient and scalable with the number of robots. In particular, we consider two applications, a team of aerial vehicles navigating in formation, and a small team of mobile manipulators that collaboratively carry an object. The approach is verified in experiments with a team of three mobile manipulators and in simulations with a team of up to sixteen Micro Air Vehicles (quadrotors).
Genetic heterogeneity within individual bovine rotavirus isolates

The genomic RNA patterns of six different bovine rotavirus isolates were analyzed on high-percentage polyacrylamide gels (12.5, 13.6, and 17.5%). In contrast to the RNA patterns exhibited by conventional gel systems, those on the high-percentage gels showed an improvement in segment resolution which consequently aided in the detection of extensive band splitting in these patterns. The ability to clone out various electrophoretically distinct virus subpopulations from each of the six isolates provided an explanation for the band splitting detected by the high-resolution gels. The significance of the coexistence of genetically distinct rotavirus populations within a single host is discussed.
Learning progressions and teaching sequences: a review and analysis

Our paper is an analytical review of the design, development and reporting of learning progressions and teaching sequences. Research questions are: (1) what criteria are being used to propose a ‘hypothetical learning progression/trajectory’ and (2) what measurements/evidence are being used to empirically define and refine a ‘hypothetical learning progression/trajectory’? Publications from five topic areas are examined: teaching sequences, teaching experiments, didaktiks, learning trajectories in mathematics education and learning progressions in science education. The reviewed publications are drawn from journal special issues, conference reports and monographs. The review is coordinated around four frameworks of Learning Progressions (LP): conceptual domain, disciplinary practices, assessment/measurement and theoretical/guiding conceptions. Our findings and analyses show there is a distinction between the preferred learning pathways that focus on ‘Evolutionary LP’ models and the less preferred but potentially good LP starting place curriculum coherence focused ‘Validation LP’ models. We report on the respective features and characteristics for each.
Sexual Dimorphism in the 7th Cervical and 12th Thoracic Vertebrae from a Mediterranean Population

Sex determination is an important task in physical anthropology and forensic medicine. The study sample comprised 121 individuals of known sex, age, and cause of death from San Jose cemetery in Granada (Spain). Eight dimensions were analyzed, and discriminant function analysis was performed for each vertebra to obtain discriminating functions and study the percentage of correct assignations of these functions. The percentage accuracy was approximately 80% for both vertebrae, but varied according to the sex, being higher for the 7th cervical in males and higher for the 12th thoracic in females. As reported in other populations, the greatest dimorphism values were found for the length of the inferior surface of the vertebral body and the width and length of the vertebral foramen of the 7th cervical vertebra and for the length of the inferior surface of the vertebral body of the 12th thoracic vertebra.