Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complexity of redundancy detection on RDF graphs in the presence of rules, constraints, and queries

Based on practical observations on rule-based inference on RDF data, we study the problem of redundancy detection on RDF graphs in the presence of rules in the form of Datalog rules and constraints, in the form of so-called tuple-generating dependencies, and with respect to queries ranging from conjunctive queries up to more complex ones, particularly covering features of SPARQL, such as union, negation, or filters. To this end, we investigate the influence of several problem parameters like restrictions on the size of the rules, the constraints, and/or the queries on the complexity of detecting redundancy. The main result of this paper is a fine-grained complexity analysis of both graph and rule minimisation in various settings.
Worlds, Families, Regimes: Country Clusters in European and OECD Area Public Policy

This article focuses on the notion that the policies and politics of states and nations constitute distinct worlds or clusters. We begin by examining the concept of clustering as it has emerged in the literature on policy regimes and families of nations. We then address a series of empirical questions: whether distinct worlds persist in an era of policy convergence and globalisation, whether policy antecedents cluster in the same ways as policy outcomes and whether the enlargement of the EU has led to an increase in the number of worlds constituting the wider European polity. Our main conclusions are that country clustering is, if anything, more pronounced than in the past, that it is, in large part, structurally determined and that the EU now contains a quite distinct post-Communist family of nations.
Toronto Inc? Planning the Competitive City in the New Toronto

This paper analyses recent developments in urban planning in the City of Toronto. A municipality of 2.4 million inhabitants that makes up the inner half of the Greater Toronto Area, the City of Toronto was consolidated from seven municipalities in 1998. Planning practice, discourse, and “vision” in the new City of Toronto are shaped by the city’s bid for the 2008 Olympics, related proposals for waterfront redevelopment, and preparations for a new official plan. In the context of comparative debates on trends in local governance, we see current planning strategies in Toronto as one of several strategic sites in which Toronto is consolidated into a “competitive city. ” Historically, the formation of the competitive city in Toronto must be seen as a result of the impasse of postwar metropolitan planning in the early 1970s, the sociospatial limitations of downtown urban reform politics in the 1970s and 1980s, and the neoliberal restructuring and rescaling of the local state in the 1990s. Theoretically, we draw on the global city research paradigm, regime and regulation theory, and neo-Gramscian urban political theory to suggest that planning the competitive city signals shifts in the sociopolitical alliances, ideological forms, and dominant strategies that regulate global-city formation. These constellations and strategies threaten to reconstitute bourgeois hegemony in Toronto with a series of claims to urbanity.
Historical Threads: Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Textile Designs: The Ghanaian Experience and African Perspectives

Abstract Defining the relationship between folklore and intellectual property continues to be an ongoing debate. Some challenges in defining this relationship center on the main characteristics of intellectual property, namely, the eligibility criteria and limited protection period that make the current construction of intellectual property incompatible with folklore protection. However, countries like Ghana have been using the intellectual property system as one of its tools to protect folklore. This article focuses on traditional textile design protection in Ghana, establishing the importance and significance of these designs in Ghana's history and culture and why Ghana is determined to protect these designs. After examining Ghana's efforts and the obstacles in its path as it uses the intellectual property law system to protect traditional textile designs, the article argues that there should be regional cooperation and international protection to strengthen individual national efforts.
Maternal and Foetal Outcome in Premature Rupture of Membranes

Objective: The aim of this study was to see the maternal and fetal outcome of preterm pre labor rupture membrane and to identify the risk factors for preterm pre labor rupture membrane. Methods And Material: This was a comparative study between the study (PROM) and control group conducted at 2 hospitals attached to M.R. Medical College, Gulbarga in the Department of Obstetric and Gynecology. 100 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of the membrane (gestational age 28-0 to 36-6 weeks) were included in this study. And 100 pregnant women without PROM before 37 completed weeks are taken into control Results: The mean age of the women was 23±3.5 years and 53% of them were primigravida. 13% was malpresentations and 10% h/o recent coitus were the major risk factors. Incidence of PPROM is 33.8%. 64% had spontaneous labor within 24 hours. 73% percent patient delivered by vaginal route and 27% patients had LSCS twenty six percent newborn suffered from respiratory distress syndrome and 14% of neonatal sepsis. 11% patients had puerperal fever and 3% chorioamnionitis. Seven percent had early neonatal death. Conclusion: Antenatal diagnosis to prevent PPROM by identifying the risk factors is a important tool in management. Steroid for fetal lung maturity, antibiotics to prevent fetal and maternal infection and induction and/ or augmentation of labor will speed delivery and reduce hospital stay and infection.
Experimental assessment of software metrics using automated refactoring

A large number of software metrics have been proposed in the literature, but there is little understanding of how these metrics relate to one another. We propose a novel experimental technique, based on search-based refactoring, to assess software metrics and to explore relationships between them. Our goal is not to improve the program being refactored, but to assess the software metrics that guide the automated refactoring through repeated refactoring experiments. We apply our approach to five popular cohesion metrics using eight real-world Java systems, involving 300,000 lines of code and over 3,000 refactorings. Our results demonstrate that cohesion metrics disagree with each other in 55% of cases, and show how our approach can be used to reveal novel and surprising insights into the software metrics under investigation.
Mathematics Screening and Progress Monitoring at First Grade: Implications for Responsiveness to Intervention

The predictive utility of screening measures for forecasting math disability (MD) at the end of 2nd grade and the predictive and discriminant validity of math progress-monitoring tools were assessed. Participants were 225 students who entered the study in 1st grade and completed data collection at the end of 2nd grade. Screening measures were Number Identification/Counting, Fact Retrieval, Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) Computation, and CBM Concepts/Applications. For Number Identification/Counting and CBM Computation, 27 weekly assessments were also collected. MD was defined as below the 10th percentile at the end of 2nd grade on calculations and word problems. Logistic regression showed that the 4-variable screening model produced good and similar fits in accounting for MD—calculation and MD—word problems. Classification accuracy was driven primarily by CBM Concepts/Applications and CBM Computation; CBM Concepts/Applications was the better of these predictors. CBM Computation, but not Number Identification/Counting, demonstrated validity for progress monitoring.
Technical assistance and the improvement of services to exceptional children

* A university wants to provide responsive continuous assistance to nearby school principals whose faculty work with exceptional children. * Regional personnel are in need of developing a systematic (not one-shot or fragmented) process for upgrading and updating the skills and knowledge of LEA staff who work with special children. * Superintendents are interested in providing planned help in the installation and institutionalization of innovative, successful programs or practices in schools that will benefit exceptional students.
Independence of Circadian Timing from Cell Division in Cyanobacteria

ABSTRACT In the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, cell division is regulated by a circadian clock. Deletion of the circadian clock gene, kaiC, abolishes rhythms of gene expression and cell division timing. Overexpression of the ftsZ gene halted cell division but not growth, causing cells to grow as filaments without dividing. The nondividing filamentous cells still exhibited robust circadian rhythms of gene expression. This result indicates that the circadian timing system is independent of rhythmic cell division and, together with other results, suggests that the cyanobacterial circadian system is stable and well sustained under a wide range of intracellular conditions.
Isolation and characterization of secretions from the plant-parasitic nematode Globodera pallida

Electrophoresis of secretions collected from Globodera pallida revealed a smeared region between 25 and 50 kDa, and a single band of <20 kDa. The secretions were used to raise an antiserum (LW1). Immunoblotting of parasite homogenates with LW1 differentiated G. pallida from its sibling species G. rostochiensis and revealed differences between different populations of G. pallida and G. rostochiensis. Indirect immunofluorescence studies with LW1 indicated that at least some of the secretions were surface localized and that antibody binding to the nematode surface was periodate sensitive. Periodate sensitivity indicated that these differences could be due to glycosylation differences. Glycosylation differences were also detected by blotting nematode homogenates with the lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). WGA was also able to differentiate between G. rostochiensis which gave 2 bands at 130 kDa and 110 kDa, and G. pallida which produced 2 bands present at 120 kDa and 110 kDa. Further localization studies using immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that antibody binding could be seen to secretions found in the pump chamber of the metacorpal bulb at the base of the stylet. From further specimens it could be observed that the contents of the subventral glands were heavily labelled, indicating that the material seen in the metacorpal bulb had originated from the subventral glands.
Exploring the Importance of Age Factor in the Delivery and Implementation of Tutorship Programme in Institutions of Higher Learning with Empirical Examples Drawn from One Institution of Higher Learning

Incontrovertibly, the conceptualization and implementation of tutorial programs in many higher education settings can be a panacea if the programme can bolster learning and improve throughputs among the learners of different cadres. Although traditionally tutoring has involved older and more experienced individuals taking charge of the role of assisting others, the age factor has become a critical factor possibly stifling the success of the programme. The study adopted a mixed method approach. Multiple data collection methods were employed through semi structured questionnaires to first year students and focus group discussions with tutors. The study found that age was a strong determinant of tutorial learning. On one hand, younger tutees felt uncomfortable with older tutors who exerted their authority the same way as teachers. On the other hand, some of the more mature first year students were less confident of the younger tutors’ support in learning. The study also observed a strong influence of cultural values in the tutee expectations of tutor behaviour. The study recommends that tutor age be considered when allocating tutors to specific tutorial groups. Ongoing awareness workshops and talks on appreciating diversity and the key principles of tutoring need to be conducted with tutors so that they develop skills in handling tutees in a cross age tutoring model. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n27p924
Gender Effects and Marital Satisfaction: A Brief Report from a Sample of Dual Military Couples from the 1992 Department of Defense Worldwide Survey of Members and Spouses

Among 1,320 dual military couples who responded to the 1992 Department of Defense Worldwide Survey of Military Members and Spouses, female spouses reported lower marital satisfaction than male spouses (effect size = .14), a result comparable to previous research on sex differences in marital quality. However, no differences were observed for parental satisfaction, but female spouses were more satisfied with time their partners had available for family, although both spouses were much less satisfied with the latter than with either marital or parental relationships.
Immunobiology of naïve and genetically modified HLA-class-I-knockdown human embryonic stem cells

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can serve as a universal cell source for emerging cell or tissue replacement strategies, but immune rejection of hESC derivatives remains an unsolved problem. Here, we sought to describe the mechanisms of rejection for naïve hESCs and upon HLA class I (HLA I) knockdown (hESCKD). hESCs were HLA I-positive but negative for HLA II and co-stimulatory molecules. Transplantation of naïve hESC into immunocompetent Balb/c mice induced substantial T helper cell 1 and 2 (Th1 and Th2) responses with rapid cell death, but hESCs survived in immunodeficient SCID-beige recipients. Histology revealed mainly macrophages and T cells, but only scattered natural killer (NK) cells. A surge of hESC-specific antibodies against hESC class I, but not class II antigens, was observed. Using HLA I RNA interference and intrabody technology, HLA I surface expression of hESCKD was 88%–99% reduced. T cell activation after hESCKD transplantation into Balb/c was significantly diminished, antibody production was substantially alleviated, the levels of graft-infiltrating immune cells were reduced and the survival of hESCKD was prolonged. Because of their very low expression of stimulatory NK ligands, NK-susceptibility of naïve hESCs and hESCKD was negligible. Thus, HLA I recognition by T cells seems to be the primary mechanism of hESC recognition, and T cells, macrophages and hESC-specific antibodies participate in hESC killing.
Oversampled Time Estimation Techniques for Precision Photonic Detectors

The use of oversampling to reduce I/O requirements of time-to-digital converters for arrays of high precision photonic detectors is considered. Simulation results show that the high linearity offered by oversampled converters can be applied to time estimation. The averaging and lowpass filtering inherent in these techniques reduce jitter and enhance estimates of mean time delay. Various sigma-delta TDC architectures are studied in the presence of background illumination noise with reference to time-of-flight Ladar and time-correlated fluorescence detection applications
Why Buckling Stellar Bars Weaken in Disk Galaxies

Young stellar bars in disk galaxies experience a vertical buckling instability that terminates their growth and thickens them, resulting in a characteristic peanut/boxy shape when viewed edge-on. Using N-body simulations of galactic disks embedded in live halos, we have analyzed the bar structure throughout this instability and found that the outer (approximately) third of the bar dissolves completely while the inner part (within the vertical inner Lindblad resonance) becomes less oval. The bar acquires the frequently observed peanut/boxy-shaped isophotes. We also find that the bar buckling is responsible for a mass injection above the plane, which is subsequently trapped by specific three-dimensional families of periodic orbits of particular shapes explaining the observed isophotes, in line with previous work. Using a three-dimensional orbit analysis and surfaces of sections, we infer that the outer part of the bar is dissolved by a rapidly widening stochastic region around its corotation radius—a process related to the bar growth. This leads to a dramatic decrease in the bar size, decrease in the overall bar strength, and a mild increase in its pattern speed but is not expected to lead to a complete bar dissolution. The buckling instability appears primarily responsible for shortening the secular diffusion timescale to a dynamical one when building the boxy isophotes. The sufficiently long timescale of the described evolution, ~1 Gyr, can affect the observed bar fraction in the local universe and at higher redshifts, both through reduced bar strength and the absence of dust offset lanes in the bar.
Behaviour Cooperation by Negation for Mobile Robots

This article presents a behavioural architecture, the Survival Kit (SK), which allows behaviours to cast their multivalued output by means of constraints over an 'action feature space'. In other multi-valued based behavioural architectures behaviours cast their output directly over a set of 'action spaces'. As the number of degrees of freedom increases, the amount of data flowing from behaviours to the coordination node, the required memory, and the computational demand to select the best action increase exponentially. By using an 'action feature space', the SK reduces greatly these problems. Furthermore, the 'action feature space' is endowed with inertia, which provides the architecture with a mechanism to automatically handle noisy sensors, to create fixed action patterns, and to maintain local implicit representations of the environment. Special attention is given to an environmental feature, the gap, which allows to optimise paths based on immediate ranging data. Experimental results in a physical robot demonstrate the ability of the architecture to control robots with noisy sensors.
FACTORS THAT CONSTITUTE A GOOD COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL TREATMENT MANUAL: A DELPHI STUDY

Cognitive behavioural treatment manuals have increased in frequency, purpose and impact over the last 40 years. Despite numerous papers on the topic, few empirical studies regarding the constitution of treatment manuals have been conducted. A Delphi study examining the factors that constitute a good cognitive behavioural treatment manual is presented. This study generated a consensus of opinion of factors that therapists and researchers should consider when developing and appraising treatment manuals for cognitive behavioural interventions. Limitations of the study and the potential relevance of the research are discussed.
Evaluation of the user experience and intrinsic motivation with educational and mainstream digital games

Many studies of digital games have been developed to investigate a series of attributes to improve the games industry and to know the impacts of the use of digital games on users. Many arguments exist stating that the appeal of mainstream digital games could be used as an instrument to engage students in "serious games" to help improve their motivation in learning Computer Science topics. However, it is important to compare what is the experience of users with educational games in comparison to mainstream games to better understand this relationship. It is also very important to highlight important attributes that different educational games present that help improve the experience of students with educational games. The aim of the present study was to analyze the user experience with two educational games targeted at Software Engineering learning in comparison to a mainstream racing game. The method to measure user experience involved the application of the Game Experience Questionnaire (GEQ) proposed by Ijsselsteijn et al. and an adaptation of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI). The analysis of the results of the games with different characteristics in comparison to a popular game to students allowed us to draw initial conclusions about the effects of different game characteristics in making games more appealing to Computer Science students and the correlation with their intrinsic learning motivation.
A randomized, controlled pilot study of a home-based exercise program for individuals with mild and moderate stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Many stroke survivors have minimal to moderate neurological deficits but are physically deconditioned and have a high prevalence of cardiovascular problems; all of these are potentially modifiable with exercise. The purposes of this randomized, controlled pilot study were (1) to develop a home-based balance, strength, and endurance program; (2) to evaluate the ability to recruit and retain stroke subjects; and (3) to assess the effects of the interventions used. METHODS Twenty minimally and moderately impaired stroke patients who had completed inpatient rehabilitation and who were 30 to 90 days after stroke onset were randomized to a control group or to an experimental group that received a therapist-supervised, 8-week, 3-times-per-week, home-based exercise program. The control group received usual care as prescribed by the patients' physicians. Baseline and postintervention assessments included the Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment, the Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADL), the Lawton Scale of Instrumental ADL, and the Medical Outcomes Study-36 Health Status Measurement. Functional assessments of balance and gait included a 10-m walk, 6-Minute Walk, and the Berg Balance Scale. Upper extremity function was evaluated by the Jebsen Test of Hand Function. RESULTS Of 22 patients who met study criteria, 20 completed the study and 2 refused to participate. The experimental group tended to improve more than the control group in motor function (Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity: mean change in score, 8. 4 versus 2.2; Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity: 4.7 versus -0.9; gait velocity: median change, 0.25 versus .09 m/s; 6-Minute Walk: 195 versus 114 ft; Berg Balance Score: 7.8 versus 5; and Medical Outcomes Study-36 Health Status Measurement of Physical Function: 15. 5 versus 9). There were no trends in differences in change scores by the Jebsen Test of Hand Function, Barthel Index, and Lawton Instrumental ADL Scale. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that a randomized, controlled clinical trial of a poststroke exercise program is feasible. Measures of neurological impairments and lower extremity function showed the most benefit. Effects of the intervention on upper extremity dexterity and functional health status were equivocal. The lasting effects of the intervention were not assessed.
Effect of antimacrophage serum on antibody production and phagocytosis in mice.

During the last year four reports have appeared in the literature on the effect of antimacrophage serum (AMS) on phagocytosis and antibody production (1–4). There is general agreement that AMS is cytotoxic to macrophages (1–4) and can decrease the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages (1–4), but some investigators find no immunosuppressive effects after AMS treatment (1, 3), and others (2) report immunosuppression only under certain conditions of antigen administration. In this report we present evidence that AMS, which decreases the phagocytic activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages, also inhibits primary antibody synthesis. The immunosuppressive effect, however, can only be detected after pretreatment with AMS and low doses of antigen. Rabbit anti-mouse macrophage serum (AMS) was prepared by injecting New Zealand rabbits three times at bi-weekly intervals, i.v. , with 108 or 109 peritoneal cells from C3H/HeJ donor mice. Peritoneal cell donors were injected 7 days previously with 3 ml of thioglycollate medium (5).