Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Persuasive Communication: A Comparison of Major Attitude- Behaviour Theories in a Social Media Context

Purpose/Aim/Objectives/Significance – Attitude-behaviour theories can contribute to predicting and understanding influences on consumer behaviour. This study aims to compare five major attitude-behaviour theories in the social psychology field. Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), Heuristic-Systematic Model (HSM), Cognitive Dissonance Theory and Social Judgment Theory are empirically dissected and compared in a systematic manner, after which criticism and compliments of these theories are observed and evaluated. During recent years, social media has grown to become an important marketing tool for companies. The objective of the study is to critically discuss and examine relevant theories or models for persuasive communication in a social media context. The significance of the study is to identify the trend of applying attitude-behaviour theories to manifesting practical marketing implications. Literature/methodology/approach – Comparing five major attitude-behaviour theories is the main body of the literature review. The authors conducted a systematic review and comparison of Theory of Planned Behaviour, Elaboration Likelihood Model, Heuristic-Systematic Model, Cognitive Dissonance Theory and Social Judgment Theory. The study evaluated the published articles that applied these theories in the social media context from leading academic databases. A comparison of these theories with contrasting views was depicted in tables and figures. Findings – This study found that there were an increasing number of studies applying ELM in this new social media context. It has also shown that past research studies had incorporated persuasive communication with the social media perspective. The authors found that ELM is the most appropriate model for persuasive communication after a systematic comparison with the other four theories. This study filled the extant literature of ELM study in a social media perspective and guides researchers with in-depth and comprehensive understanding for future attitude-behaviour studies. Implications – This study sheds light on new areas of ELM study and can assist researchers to map out current and future studies in social media context with the help of comparison and analysis of major attitude-behaviour theories. Marketers are provided with critical trend of applying ELM in their social media marketing campaigns.
- 1101 A Common Misconception in Multi-Label Learning

A Common Misconception in Multi-Label Learning Michael Benjamin Brodie Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science The majority of current multi-label classification research focuses on learning dependency structures among output labels. This paper provides a novel theoretical view on the purported assumption that effective multi-label classification models must exploit output dependencies. We submit that the flurry of recent dependency-exploiting, multi-label algorithms may stem from the deficiencies in existing datasets, rather than an inherent need to better model dependencies. We introduce a novel categorization of multi-label metrics, namely, evenly and unevenly weighted label metrics. We explore specific features that predispose datasets to improved classification by methods that model label dependence. Additionally, we provide an empirical analysis of 15 benchmark datasets, 1 real-life dataset, and a variety of synthetic datasets. We assert that binary relevance (BR) yields similar, if not better, results than dependency-exploiting models for metrics with evenly weighted label contributions. We qualify this claim with discussions on specific characteristics of datasets and models that render negligible the differences between BR and dependency-learning models.
Some biochemical properties and the classification of a range of bacterial haloalkane dehalogenases

Multivariate analyses and experimental data have been used to evaluate the relationships between eight bacterial hydrolytic haloalkane dehalogenases. The results indicate that seven of the dehalogenases investigated can confidently be placed into two Classes [sensu Slater, Bull and Hardman (1995) Biodegradation 6, 181Ő189] according to their substrate profiles. The remaining enzyme, isolated from Rhodococcus erythropolis CP9, appears to represent a third Class of haloalkane dehalogenases.
Optimal multi-cycle cyclostationarity-based spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks

Reliable detection of primary users (PUs) in the presence of interference and noise is a crucial problem in cognitive radio networks. To address above issue, cyclostationary feature detectors that can robustly detect weak primary signals have been proposed in the literature. Among different candidates, in this paper we focus on the method which is based on asymptotic properties of cyclic autocorrelation estimates. The objective is to establish some optimal strategies for multi-cycle cyclostationary detection method, within which the linear combination of multiple independent test statistics corresponding to different cycle frequencies is computed. The optimality criteria considered here is the deflection coefficient and modified deflection coefficient maximization. In each case, we derive analytical approximations for the distribution of proposed test statistic under null hypothesis. Also, we study the agreement between empirically estimated distribution and proposed analytical approximation. In addition, we analytically characterize the impact of channel fading on the cyclostationarity of received signals and verify our analysis via simulation. Simulation results confirm the asymptotic detection performance of proposed optimal methods, as compared with suboptimal detectors.
A New Fully Automated Approach for Aligning and Comparing Shapes

Three‐dimensional geometric morphometric (3DGM) methods for placing landmarks on digitized bones have become increasingly sophisticated in the last 20 years, including greater degrees of automation. One aspect shared by all 3DGM methods is that the researcher must designate initial landmarks. Thus, researcher interpretations of homology and correspondence are required for and influence representations of shape. We present an algorithm allowing fully automatic placement of correspondence points on samples of 3D digital models representing bones of different individuals/species, which can then be input into standard 3DGM software and analyzed with dimension reduction techniques. We test this algorithm against several samples, primarily a dataset of 106 primate calcanei represented by 1,024 correspondence points per bone. Results of our automated analysis of these samples are compared to a published study using a traditional 3DGM approach with 27 landmarks on each bone. Data were analyzed with morphologika2.5 and PAST. Our analyses returned strong correlations between principal component scores, similar variance partitioning among components, and similarities between the shape spaces generated by the automatic and traditional methods. While cluster analyses of both automatically generated and traditional datasets produced broadly similar patterns, there were also differences. Overall these results suggest to us that automatic quantifications can lead to shape spaces that are as meaningful as those based on observer landmarks, thereby presenting potential to save time in data collection, increase completeness of morphological quantification, eliminate observer error, and allow comparisons of shape diversity between different types of bones. We provide an R package for implementing this analysis. Anat Rec, 298:249–276, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Instabranding: Shaping the Personalities of the Top Food Brands on Instagram

Instagram is a growing social media platform that provides a means of self-expression and communication through creative visuals. Businesses are responding to this trend by using it as a cost-effective marketing tool. This paper examined the accounts of the leading food brands on Instagram: McDonald’s, Taco Bell, Shredz, Ben & Jerry’s, and Oreo. Photos were classified according to 11 elements: product, person and product, people and product, humor and product, world events, recipes, campaign with no products, user-generated, regram from a celebrity, and video. They were further analyzed along five dimensions of personality: sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication, and ruggedness. Results presented common themes revealing that brands are using Instagram to promote their products and, more significantly, to colorfully express their personalities.
THE ACCEPTANCE, USAGE AND IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The emergence of new media, especially in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) will always cause a reaction to the users. These reactions can be the adoption of the new media, or even the rejection. The developing of ICT has become more profitable in human daily lives (Sensuse and Prayoga 2010) and social media is one growing phenomenon of communication on the internet in today’s world. Therefore, this paper discusses the factors that influenced the adoption and use of social media among students and how their experience of using social media is impacting on their involvement in social and political participation. Base on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by Davis (1989) which consists of two main factors viz. perceived ease of use and perceived usefullness, this article, in extending the model also adds other factors that have not been described in the TAM such as social influences.
Detection of Mycoplasma ribosomal DNA sequences in ovarian tumors by nested PCR.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the reported association between mycoplasma infection and ovarian cancer by screening ovarian tumor tissues for the presence of mycoplasma DNA. METHODS Forty-six benign and malignant ovarian tumors were obtained from patients undergoing pelvic surgery at a regional cancer center. DNA was isolated from snap-frozen tumor tissues, and commercial nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits were used to detect the presence of 12 species of mycoplasma in tumor DNA samples. PCR products were isolated from ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels, and sequenced with an automated DNA sequencer. Species were identified through nucleotide sequence similarity searches using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST program. RESULTS Mycoplasma DNA was detected in 6 (13.0%) of the 46 tumor DNA samples. Nucleotide sequence similarity searches of nested PCR products revealed that one Mycoplasma salivarium and five M. arginini DNA sequences were amplified from the ovarian tissues. CONCLUSIONS Since M. salivarium and M. arginini are frequently encountered laboratory contaminants that do not have a recognized role as human pathogens, our findings do not support an association between human mycoplasma pathogens and ovarian cancer.
Characterization of a functional (pro)renin receptor in rat brain neurons

(Pro)renin receptor (PRR), the newest member of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is turning out to be an important player in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. It plays a pivotal role in activation of the local RAS and stimulates signalling pathways involved in proliferative and hypertrophic mechanisms. However, the role of PRR in the brain remains unknown. Thus, our objective in this study was to determine whether a functional PRR is present in neurons within the brain. Neuronal co‐cultures from the hypothalamus and brainstem areas of neonatal rat brain express PRR mRNA. Immunoreactivity for PRR was primarily localized on the neuronal cell soma and in discrete areas in the neurites. Treatment of neurons with renin, in the presence of 2 μm losartan, caused a time‐ and dose‐dependent stimulation of phosphorylation of extracellular signal related kinase ERK1 (p44) and ERK2 (p42) isoforms of mitogen‐activated protein kinase. Optimal stimulation of fourfold was observed within 2 min with 20 nm renin. Electrophysiological recordings showed that treatment of the neurons with renin, in the presence of 2 μm losartan, resulted in a steady and stable decrease in action potential frequency. A 46% decrease in action potential frequency was observed within 5 min of treatment and was attenuated by co‐incubation with a PRR blocking peptide. These observations demonstrate that the PRR is present in neurons within the brain and that its activation by renin initiates the MAP kinase signalling pathway and inhibition of neuronal activity.
Improved method of routing in UAV network

Was proposed improved method for routing group unmanned aerial vehicles as of communication channels at what as a metric selected two alternatives: and speed of data. The model of determining effective bandwidth, which is based on using both subchannels using various modulation schemes in the MIMO systems channels. The results of calculations and simulations confirm the high efficiency of the method.
Science and Syndromes

PHYSICIANS appear to have a special love for syndromes. They enjoy diagnosing, demonstrating and discussing them. The syndrome seems to have a snob value denied the simple symptom. The reasons for this are possibly concerned with the cult of the rare, or even with that widespread human weakness of "namedropping". Some of the names associated with syndromes do trip off the tongue in an attractive way. The reason for their popularity is unlikely to be scientific as no one seems to have pointed out how closely a medical syndrome in its description and investigation typifies the scientific method in its simplest form. This, as every one knows, consists of, first, the idea, then the translation of the idea into a hypothesis, and finally the critical testing of the hypothesis. A syndrome fits this pattern perfectly. The idea connects two medical phenomena (signs and/or symptoms) that have not previously been connected; the hypothesis in these cases is simply a restatement of the idea, i.e., that the two phenomena occur more frequently together than can be accounted for by chance association and the testing of the hypothesis is, theoretically, relatively straightforward-or so it would seem. The physician's interest unfortunately seems to stop short at discussion and does not extend, in all cases, to detailed investigation. Many syndromes have been very fully investigated, but the technique used in some investigations of some aspects of some syndromes are lamentable. One example from a distinguished medical journal will, it is hoped, suffice to point the moral without the need of mentioning the authors. The paper was concerned with one aspect of the "Marfan" syndrome. It was designed to prove that the use of an index (the ratio of the length to the breadth of the metacarpals) enabled one to differentiate clearly between cases of Marfan's syndrome and "normals". A table was published showing a clear-cut difference between the values of the indices for the two groups. Fig. 1 is based on this table, and shows how wide the gap was between the two distributions. Their group of 'normals' was not described in detail. The odd truncated distribution of the values for the 'normals' makes one rather suspicious. Such distributions are very rare in unselected biological material, and this one suggests that the authors in their hurry to validate their index had forgotten how 'selected' hospital material is and how dangerous comparisons made with such material may be. One would imagine that it would be self-evident that those coming into hospital with a particular disease are not usually typical of all people suffering from that disease, and that those, without a particular disease, in hospital, are not typical of all those, in and outside hospital, lacking the disease. But a great deal of clinical research has been ruined by neglect of these simple facts and research into syndromes has suffered more than most.
The evolution of fixed access networks in Belgium: the road to Fibre to the Home, an economic assessment.

An optical fibre based access network offers of all available technologies by far the highest speed and can support an unlimited set of services. Its capacity outperforms that of the other fixed networks, but the costs associated with the rollout of an all-optical access network still remain challenging. This paper evaluates the feasibility of an optical access network covering the Belgian market. Several rollout scenarios have been evaluated and the most interesting results are presented.
Competitiveness analysis through comparative relation mining: Evidence from restaurants' online reviews

Comparative opinions widely exist in online reviews as a common way of expressing consumers’ ideas or preferences toward certain products. Such opinion-rich texts are key proxies for detecting product competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to set up a model for competitiveness analysis by identifying comparative relations from online reviews for restaurants based on both pattern matching and machine learning. ,The authors define the sub-category of comparative sentences according to Chinese linguistics. Classification rules are set up for each type of comparative relations through class sequence rule. To improve the accuracy of classification, a comparative entity dictionary is then introduced for further identifying comparative sentences. Finally, the authors collect reviews for restaurants from Dianping.com to conduct experiments for testing the proposed model. ,The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms the baseline methods in terms of precision in identifying comparative sentences. On the basis of such comparison-rich sentences, product features and comparative relations are extracted for sentiment analysis, and sentimental score is assigned to each comparative relation to facilitate competitiveness analysis. ,Only the explicit comparative relations are discussed, neglecting the implicit ones. Besides that, the study is grounded in the assumption that all features are homogeneous. In some cases, however, the weights to different aspects are not of the same importance to market. ,On the basis of comparative relation mining, product features and comparative opinions are extracted for competitiveness analysis, which is of interest to businesses for finding weakness or strength of products, as well as to consumers for making better purchase decisions. ,Comparative relation mining could be possibly applied in social media for identifying relations among users or products, and ranking users or products, as well as helping companies target and track competitors to enhance competitiveness. ,The authors propose a research framework for restaurant competitiveness analysis by mining comparative relations from online consumer reviews. The results would be able to differentiate one restaurant from another in some aspects of interest to consumers, and reveal the changes in these differences over time.
Musical Instrument Classification using Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Algorithms and Subset Feature Selection

In this paper, a class, of algorithms for automatic classification of individual musical instrument sounds is presented. Several perceptual features used in sound classification applications as well as MPEG-7 descriptors were measured for 300 sound recordings consisting of 6 different musical instrument classes. Subsets of the feature set are selected using branch-and-bound search, obtaining the most suitable features for classification, A class of classifiers is developed based on the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The standard NMF method is examined as well as its modifications: the local, the sparse, and the discriminant NMF. The experimental results compare feature subsets of varying sizes alongside the various NMF algorithms. It has been found that a subset containing the mean and die variance of the first mel-frequency cepstral coefficient and the audiospectrumflatness descriptor along with the means of the audiospectrumenvelope and the audiospectrumspread descriptors when is fed to a standard NMF classifier yields an accuracy exceeding 95%
Human Neutrophil Peptides 1-3 – Early Markers in Development of Colorectal Adenomas and Carcinomas

Expression of Human Neutrophil Peptides (HNP) 1–3 was recently found to be associated with development of colorectal cancer. Raised defensin-expression in tumours is believed to stem from increased infiltration of neutrophils into tumour environment. To further specify the role of α-defensins in tumourigenesis and progression, HNP1–3 were analyzed in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas of 87 patients and quantified in relation to cancer stage and grading. Using the ProteinChip arrays, HNP1–3 were found upregulated in both colorectal adenomas and carcinomas. By combining the array with Laser capture microscopy we were able to confirm that HNP1–3 are expressed by tumour cells but not by neutrophils or other tumour invading cells. These findings suggest that α-defensins are more likely to contribute to tumour growth than they are to mount an effective host anti-tumour response. However, the amount of HNP-expression was not found to be related to tumour stage, grading, and serological tumour markers.
Assessment of autonomic dysfunction in childhood guillain-barré syndrome.

INTRODUCTION Autonomic dysfunction (AD) is a common and important complication in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and may be the cause of significant morbidity or death. Limited studies have evaluated this complication in childhood GBS. Our objectives were to show the prevalence of AD in children with GBS and investigate its association with the severity of the disease. METHODS Study included 28 children admitted with a diagnosis of GBS. Heart rate variability (HRV), motor function disability of the upper limbs and GBS disability scores were measured at admission and the results were compared with 20 healthy age/gender matched subjects (2-13 years; 43% male). GBS subtypes were defined by electromyography: acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) or acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN). RESULTS The mean age was 5.5±3.4 years (range 1.5-14 years; 50% male). AIDP and AMAN subtypes comprised 57.1% and 42.9% of cases, respectively. In the upper limbs, 85.7% and in the GBS disability grading, 50% of patients had ≤ 3 scores, implying less severe motor dysfunction. There was no difference in the mean heart rate between patients vs. controls (103.9 vs. 98.2 bpm; P= 0.16), but half of patients showed AD and HRV was significantly reduced in patients compared to controls. Of the 16 patients with AIDP, 11 (68.8%) showed reduced HRV compared to 3 (25%) out of 12 AMAN cases (P= 0.02). There was no significant relation between HRV and motor disability scores. CONCLUSION AD was present in half of children with mild GBS and it showed no significant association with disease severity.