Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A joint model for the emission and absorption properties of damped Lyα absorption systems

The recently discovered population of ultra-faint extended line emitters, with fluxes of a few times 10 ―18 erg s ―1 cm ―2 at z ∼ 3, can account for the majority of the incidence rate of damped Lyα systems (DLAs) at this redshift if the line emission is interpreted as Lyα. We show here that a model similar to that proposed by Haehnelt, Steinmetz & Rauch (2000), which reproduces the incidence rate and kinematics of DLAs in the context of Λ cold dark matter models for structure formation, also reproduces the size distribution of the new population of faint Lyα emitters for plausible parameters. This lends further support to the interpretation of the emission as Lyα, as well as the identification of the emitters with the hitherto elusive population of DLA host galaxies. The observed incidence rate of DLAs together with the observed space density and size distribution of the emitters suggest a duty cycle of ∼0.2―0.4 for the Lyα emission from DLA host galaxies. We further show that Lyα cooling is expected to contribute little to the Lyα emission for the majority of emitters. This leaves centrally concentrated star formation at a rate of a few tenths M ⊙ yr ―1 , surrounded by extended Lyα haloes with radii up to 30-50 kpc, as the most plausible explanation for the origin of the emission. Both the luminosity function of Lyα emission and the velocity width distribution of low ionization absorption require that galaxies inside dark matter (DM) haloes with virial velocities ≤50―70 km s ―1 contribute little to the incidence rate of DLAs at z ∼ 3, suggesting that energy and momentum input due to star formation efficiently removes gas from these haloes. Galaxies with DM haloes with virial velocities of 100-150 km s ―1 appear to account for the majority of DLA host galaxies. DLA host galaxies at z ∼ 3 should thus become the building blocks of typical present-day galaxies like our Milky Way.
The Trader's Guide to Key Economic Indicators

Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1 Gross Domestic Product 11 CHAPTER 2 Indexes of Leading, Lagging, and Coincident Indicators 47 CHAPTER 3 The Employment Situation 65 CHAPTER 4 Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization 83 CHAPTER 5 Institute for Supply Management Indexes 101 CHAPTER 6 Manufacturers Shipments, Inventories, and Orders 123 CHAPTER 7 Manufacturing and Trade Inventories and Sales 139 CHAPTER 8 New Residential Construction 151 CHAPTER 9 Conference Board Consumer Confidence and University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Indexes 167 CHAPTER 10 Advance Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services 183 CHAPTER 11 Personal Income and Outlays 199 CHAPTER 12 Consumer and Producer Price Indexes 219 CHAPTER 13 The Fixed-Income Market 235 CHAPTER 14 Commodities 259 About the Author 285 Index 287
The Video Workbench : a direct manipulation interface for digital media editing by amateur videographers

The Video Workbench is a nonlinear digital video editor designed to edit home movies. Unlike existing nonlinear video editors which allow experts to create complex arrangements of shots, sounds, and special effects but take some time to learn, the Video Workbench is intended to support the most common editing tasks in amateur projects while requiring only a few minutes to learn. The Video Workbench provides a visual conceptual model of how audio and video content is being manipulated by representing audio and video clips as visualizations that can be moved about on a virtual workbench surface. The specialized tools on the workbench operate directly on the visualizations, and in so doing, manipulate the content they represent.
Public Attitudes Towards Surveillance and Privacy in Croatia

This paper investigates public attitudes towards surveillance and privacy in Croatia. It segments the respondents based on their views on surveillance and privacy, and examines differences between them with regard to their demographic characteristics. The empirical analysis is based on data obtained from a public opinion survey. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach alpha calculation, chi-square test, and cluster analysis. The factor analysis showed six distinct factors: (1) perceived surveillance effectiveness, (2) concern about being surveilled, (3) trust in privacy protection procedures, (4) concern about CCTV privacy intrusion, (5) concern about personal data manipulation, and (6) a need for surveillance enforcement. K-means cluster analysis indicated the following three groups of citizens: pro-surveillance oriented citizens, citizens concerned about being surveilled, and citizens concerned about data and privacy protection. Significant differences between the groups were found in age and education, while no significant differences exist in gender, employment status, and household income. The findings of this study support the existence of different groups of citizens regarding their attitudes towards surveillance and privacy.
Making GUIs Narcissistic : Toolkit for Managing Space and Occlusion by Visual Introspection

Effective use of screen space and reduction of occlusion are important for usability. We present a toolkit to help a GUI manage space and occlusion by visual introspection. Rather than relying on a GUI’s internal model, our toolkit inspects a GUI’s visual appearance at the screen pixel level and computes maps to describe the GUI’s space and occlusion distribution. Moreover, we compare a GUI’s expected appearance perceived internally to the actual appearance seen on the screen for detecting occlusion. We give examples how a GUI can adapt accordingly, such as resizing, repositioning, adding and removing components and borrowing space from outside. We validate the usefulness of this toolkit with two case studies. First, the developer of LifeFlow, a visualization tool for temporal event sequences, used our toolkit to improve the space utilization of the query interface and the main visualization interface. Second, our toolkit was used to implement an automatic text placement extension for JUNG, a popular open-source network visualization library. From the two case studies, we drew recommendations to inform potential users of our toolkit. Author
The impact of alternative IS acquisition options upon the IS implementation and success

In-house development, the use of software houses as subcontractors, joint development by several adopting units, acquisition of application packages, etc., form alternative options for acquisition of the software required in information systems. This paper reports the first results of a field study which analysed 21 information systems, their acquisition options, implementability, and success from the viewpoint of their primary users and the managers of the adopting units. Acquisition strategy, which forms the major focus of the present paper, was discovered to have statistically significant relationships with the organizational complexity of information systems and their originality, with changes in unit automation, the distribution of unit authority and changes in effectiveness, particularly in terms of the quantity of outputs. Even though the issue of user participation was not a central focus of this paper, the paper lends suppont to earlier findings concerning its importance for IS implementation and success.
Examining the Influence of Speech Frame Size and Number of Cepstral Coefficients on the Speech Recognition Performance

In the present work we explore the influence of front-end setup on the speech recognition performance. Specifically, we study the dependence between specific parameters of the speech parameterization stage, such as speech frame size and number of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), and the word error rate (WER). Our comparative evaluation is performed by employing the Sphinx-IV speech recognition engine and the TIMIT speech corpus. The experimental results demonstrated that a subset composed of the first 9 cepstral coefficients demonstrate lower WER than the commonly used 13 MFCC. On the other hand, the frame size turned out not to be a crucial parameter.
Phonemic awareness skill of speech-language pathologists and other educators.

PURPOSE Educators rely on sufficient knowledge and skill to provide effective phonemic awareness instruction, an important component of early literacy instruction, particularly for children who experience difficulty learning to read. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the phonemic awareness skill of several groups of educators, including speech-language pathologists (SLPs; n = 160), kindergarten teachers (n = 109), first-grade teachers (n = 112), reading teachers (n = 100), and special education teachers (n = 60). METHOD Participants completed a paper-pencil measure of phonemic awareness skill that included 3 tasks. The measure was designed to assess sophisticated explicit phonemic awareness skill within a print context, representing an advanced skill level that has been deemed critical to teaching. RESULTS SLPs demonstrated superior performance on the measure of phonemic awareness skill when compared to other educators (d = 1.54). The performance of reading and special education teachers was comparable to that of kindergarten and first-grade teachers. Orthographic knowledge had an adverse impact on the performance of all groups. However, SLPs were far more proficient than other educators at segmenting words that had a complex relationship between speech and print (e.g., box, use). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS SLPs have relative expertise in phonemic awareness, yet their performance may not be proficient. Three recommendations are discussed: (a) Increase the phonemic awareness skill of all educators, (b) revise instructional materials to enhance educators' efforts to provide accurate and effective phonemic awareness instruction, and (c) include SLPs as members of the team responsible for phonemic awareness instruction and intervention.
Counterpoints : Advanced Defensive Metrics for NBA

Due to the ease of recording points, assists, and related goal-scoring statistics, the vast majority of advanced basketball metrics developed to date have focused on offensive production. It is straightforward to see who scored the most points in the 1985/86 season (Alex English, with 2414) or took the most 3-point shots in 1991/92 (Vernon Maxwell, with 473). However, try to look up who had the most points against in 2013/14, or who prevented the most shots from being taken that year, and the history books are, remarkably, empty. Thus we stand in a muddled state where offensive ability is naturally quantified with numerous directly-measured numbers, yet we attempt to explain defensive ability through statistics only loosely related to overall defensive ability, such as blocks and steals. Alternatively, we quote regression-based metrics such as adjusted plus/minus which give no insight into how or why a player is effective defensively. This paper bridges this gap, introducing a new suite of defensive metrics that aim to progress the field of basketball analytics by enriching the measurement of defensive play. Our results demonstrate that the combination of player tracking, statistical modeling, and visualization enable a far richer characterization of defense than has previously been possible. Our method, when combined with more traditional offensive statistics, provides a well-rounded summary of a player's contribution to the final outcome of a game. 1 Introduction The two main objectives in the game of basketball are to score points on offense and to prevent points on defense. Unfortunately, to date, the vast majority of the game's analytics evaluate offensive performance while defensive performance continues to remain almost entirely overlooked. As a result, our ability to effectively assess overall basketball performance also remains significantly limited. Our research attempts to reduce this important limitation, leveraging an existing spatial regression model to propose new measures of defensive effectiveness. The vast majority of contemporary basketball statistics are based on conveniently countable event types, but any reasonable defensive evaluation is largely incompatible with that approach [4,6,7,8]. While steals, blocks, and rebounds do provide some useful proxies for defensive skills, they represent small discrete signals within the perpetual broadcast of defensive play. Therefore, characterizations which rely on these event types are vulnerable to many forms of uncertainty-in short, such characterizations are unreliable. Fortunately, emerging forms of player tracking information curated by the National Basketball Association afford analysts an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate defensive performances in …
Microbial Removal of Ionic Mercury in a Three-Phase Fluidized Bed Reactor

The reductive biotransformation of mercuric ions to elemental mercury was studied by applying a model system with a genetically engineered Pseudomonas putida strain in a lab scale three-phase fluidized bed (TPFB). The aim was to demonstrate the suitability of the TPFB to demercurize effluent streams containing up to 10 mg Hg2+ dm-3. The TPFB is used, first, to carry out the biotransformation on the alginate immobilized biocatalyst and, second, to remove the produced Hg0 by volatilization into the gas phase followed by its recovery through fast oxidative absorption. Targeted experiments with the immobilized biocatalyst were designed and carried out to determine mercury adsorption data on the biomass and all relevant mass transport rates at conditions prevailing in the TPFB. The evaluation of the performance data in the TPFB revealed almost complete reaction control and hence negligibility of mass transfer resistances. This simplifies the scale-up of larger TPFB reactors for mercury removal as it can be based on the known kinetics alone. The measured biotransformation capacities in the TPFB are similar to those reported for the fixed bed technology which has already proven its applicability at an industrial scale in long time runs. However, the TPFB offers some advantages over the fixed bed and could therefore possibly be a favorable, reliable, and less costly alternative to the existing technology.
Improvement on LEACH: Seeded LEACH-KED

— This paper summarizes the work used to improve low energy adaptive cluster hierarchy (LEACH) algorithm and proposes a new protocol “Seeded LEACH-KED” in order to increase the network lifetime and then compare its result with the LEACH , LEACH-C and LEACH-KED. Prolonging network lifetime is the way to provide energy efficient WSNs. This research is inspired by the fact that LEACH occupies a very important position in the area of wireless sensor networks. Most of the hierarchical routing algorithms, aiming to prolonging network lifetime, have been derived from the LEACH.
An Easy Infrastructure Management Method Using On-Board Smartphone Images and Citizen Reports by Deep Neural Network

Lack of funding and human resources in small municipalities is a serious issue in Japanese infrastructure maintenance today. Meanwhile, systems in which citizens report local issues to the government by posting them on websites such as "Chiba-Repo" and "FixMyStreet" have started to operate worldwide. In these systems, a large volume of information on problems with infrastructure (e.g., broken paving slabs, fly tipping, graffiti, potholes) found by citizens is collected. The information collected by citizens is expected to be utilized for infrastructure maintenance. However, information gathered by citizens has deviations in the spatial dimension and in its content. This research proposes to complement deviating but voluminous information provided by citizens by combining smartphone videos of roads. In order to identify and establish the level of defects on roads from photos taken by smartphones, this research uses a photo processing method that utilizes deep learning to create a model that automatically identifies road defects. As a result, the model is able to spot road damage with an accuracy of more than 93%. In addition, this model shows the possibility of categorizing voluminous photo data provided by citizens.
“Crevasse” Lesions

Objective: The purpose of this article is to report on a distinctive pattern of linear femoral head chondral lesions that were observed in 7 patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for the treatment of mixed-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Design: Between 2010 and 2012, 702 patients were treated with hip arthroscopy at our institution for symptomatic FAI. Among those patients, 7 were found to have a unique vertical chondral fissure located on the posterior femoral head. A retrospective review of the preoperative history, physical examination, and radiographic findings in addition to the intraoperative findings and surgical procedures performed was carried out for each patient. Results: All patients were diagnosed with mixed-type FAI by dynamic examination intraoperatively. The femoral head cartilage lesions were noted to be both linear and deep and resembled the appearance of a crevasse. Three of the 7 patients in whom these lesions were identified reported an acute event preceding their pain. Of the other 4 patients, 3 were involved in sports that involved vigorous rotational hip movements: golf, tennis, and wrestling. Notably, none of these lesions were identifiable on preoperative 3-T MRI scans. Conclusions: This series reports on a previously undefined femoral head cartilage lesion. It is hypothesized that increased pathologic translational movements and perching of the femoral head on the posterior rim of the acetabulum create this pattern of chondral damage. Recognition of this pattern of damage on the femoral head is important in the setting of mixed-type FAI.
A Method for Hand Kinematics Designers7 Billion Perfect Hands

In the past decade the design of kinematic models for hands has been addressed using several different approaches such as numerical optimization or direct measurement of human hands. However, once the mechanical and structural design constraints are included, no existing kinematic model of the hand fits the needs of the DLR Hand Arm System. The diversity of human hands reveals that the functional aspects are more important than the kinematics itself. In order to develop a suitable model for the hand arm system a more empirical method was developed. Based on an basic hand skeleton, that incorporates the structural constraints, incremental variations are performed to improve the parameters to fit the functional needs of the hand. The tests are derived from a set of common grasps as well as some tests performed by surgeons. To be able to rapidly appreciate the results simple cardboard prototypes are constructed. The resulting kinematics revealed to be a promising and suitable hand kinematics for the DLR Hand Arm System. The design is realized in hardware.
Telephone Speech Endpoint Detection using Mean-Delta Feature

Abstract In the study the efficiency of three features for trajectory-based endpoint detection is experimentally evaluated in the fixed-text Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) - a based speaker verification task with short phrases of telephone speech. The employed features are Modified Teager Energy (MTE), Energy-Entropy (EE) feature and Mean-Delta (MD) feature. The utterance boundaries in the endpoint detector are provided by means of state automaton and a set of thresholds based only on trajectory characteristics. The training and testing have been done with noisy telephone speech (short phrases in Bulgarian language with length of about 2 s) selected from BG-SRDat corpus. The results of the experiments have shown that the MD feature demonstrates the best performance in the endpoint detection tests in terms of the verification rate.
The interaction between Sertoli cells and luekemia inhibitory factor on the propagation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells in vitro

Background: Sertoli cells play a pivotal role in creating microenvironments essential for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renewal and commitment to differentiation. Maintenance of SSCs and or induction of in vitro spermiogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy to treat male infertility. Objective: This study investigated the role of luekemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on the propagation of SSCs and both functions of Sertoli cells on the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Materials and Methods: SSCs were sorted from the testes of adult male mice by magnetic activated cell sorting and thymus cell antigen 1 antibody. On the other hand, isolated Sertoli cells were enriched using lectin coated plates. SSCs were cultured on Sertoli cells for 7 days in the absence or presence of LIF. The effects of these conditions were evaluated by microscopy and expression of meiotic and post meiotic transcripts by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: Our data showed that SSCs co-cultured with Sertoli cells in the presence of LIF formed colonies on top of the Sertoli cells. These colonies had alkaline phosphatesase activity and expressed SSCs specific genes. SSCs were enjoyed limited development after the mere removal of LIF, and exhibiting expression of meiotic and postmeiotic transcript and loss of SSCs specific gene expression (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings represent co-culture of SSCs with Sertoli cells provides conditions that may allow efficient proliferation and differentiation of SSCs for male infertility treatment.
The Canadian Dollar, 1971-76: An Exploratory Investigation of Short Run Movements

This paper examines the movement of the Canadian dollar over the 1971-76 period. Although Canadian prices increased substantially more than U.S. prices over this period, there was no tendency for a systematic depreciation of the Canadian dollar. To explain this phenomenon requires the introduction of other factors into the exchange rate equation. Among the variables that proved significant are the Canadian terms of trade, measures of long-term borrowing, the relative cyclical position of Canada and the United States, and the market's errors in forecasting the current account balance. When used together with relative prices, these variables track the movement of the Canadian dollar very satisfactorily over the period.
Importance Truncated No-Core Shell Model ∗

One of the most universal tools for the ab initio so- lution of the nuclear many-body problem is the No-Core Shell Model (NCSM). It is widely used for the descrip- tion of ground states and low-lying excited states of nu- clei throughout the p-shell (1). Apart from energies, de- tailed spectroscopic information and form-factors can be extracted from the resulting many-body eigenstates. The limitation of converged NCSM calculations to the p-shell results solely from the dimension of the Nmaxmodel space, which grows factorially with the number of particles and the truncation parameter Nmax. However, for the de- scription of an individual eigenstate, e.g. the ground stat e, many of the basis states are irrelevant, i.e., their amplitu de in the expansion of the eigenstates is extremely small or zero. If these irrelevant states were known beforehand one could restrict the model space to the important basis states and thus reduce the dimension significantly. Such an a priori measure for the importance of individ- ual basis states for the description of a selected target sta te can be derived within many-body perturbation theory (2). Starting from an initial approximation of the target state |�refi , the importance of a basis state |��i can be esti- mated through its amplitude in the first-order perturbative expansion of the target state,