Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapists’ and clients’ ratings of real relationship, attachment, therapist self-disclosure, and treatment progress

Abstract Objective: While there has been much research on the role of the working alliance in psychotherapy, researchers only recently began investigating the role of the real relationship in treatment. Methods: In the current study on therapist and client dyads, we used actor–partner interdependence modeling (APIM) to examine associations between therapists’ and clients’ ratings of the real relationship, therapist self-disclosure, attachment, and treatment progress. APIM analyses allowed for an examination into how therapists’ and clients’ views of a particular phenomenon might affect their own ratings (actor), as well as the others’ (partner) ratings of that same phenomenon. Results: Significant negative associations between therapist self-reported attachment anxiety and avoidance and therapist-rated real relationship and treatment progress. Significant positive associations were found between client-rated real relationship and client-rated treatment progress. These results and others are discussed in the context of the literature along with implications for future research in this area.
Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Encoding IL-12 and/or IL-2 as Potential Candidate for Hepatoma Carcinoma Therapy

Interleukins as immunomodulators are promising therapeutic agents for cancer therapy. Previous studies showed that there was an improved antitumor immunity in tumor-bearing mice using recombinant Newcastle disease virus carrying for interleukin-2. Interleukin-12 is a promising antitumor cytokine too. So we investigated and compared the antitumor effect of genetically engineered Newcastle disease virus strains expressing both interleukin-12 and/or interleukin-2 (rClone30–interleukin-2, rClone30–interleukin-12, and rClone30–interleukin-12–interleukin-2). In vitro studies showed that rClone30s could efficiently infect tumor cells and express interleukin-12 and/or interleukin-2. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-y)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide results showed rClone30s possessed strong cytotoxic activities against multiple tumor cell lines (U251, HepG2, A549, and Hela). Animal studies showed that rClone30–interleukin-12–interleukin-2 was more effective in inhibition of murine hepatoma carcinoma tumors, with the mean tumor volume (day 14) of 141.70 mm3 comparing 165.67 mm3 of rClone30–interleukin-12 group, 210.47 mm3 of rClone30–interleukin-2 group, 574.70 mm3 of rClone30 group, and 1206.83 mm3 of phosphate-buffered saline group. Moreover, the rClone30–interleukin-12–interleukin-2 treated mice secreted more interferon γ (333.518 pg/mL) and its downstream cytokine interferon-γ induced protein 10 (16.006 pg/mL) in tumor than the rClone30–interleukin-12 group (interferon γ: 257.548 pg/mL; interferon-γ induced protein 10: 13.601 pg/mL), rClone30–interleukin2 group (interferon γ: 124.601 pg/mL; interferon-γ induced protein 10: 9.779 pg/mL), or rClone30 group (interferon γ: 48.630 pg/mL; interferon-γ induced protein 10:1.650 pg/mL). For the survival study, rClone30–interleukin12–interleukin2 increased the survival rate (12 of 16) of the tumor-bearing mice versus 11 of 16 in rClone30–interleukin–12 group, 10 of 16 in rClone30–interleukin-2 group, 7 of 16 in Clone30 group, and 0/16 in phosphate-buffered saline group, respectively. To determine whether the mice treated with recombinant virus developed protective immune response, the mice were rechallenged with the same tumor cells. The results showed that viral-treated mice were significantly protected from rechallenge. These results suggest that expressing both interleukin-2 and/or interleukin-12 could be ideal approaches to enhance the antitumor ability of Newcastle disease virus, and rClone30–interleukin-12–interleukin-2 is slightly superior over rClone30–interleukin-12 and rClone30–interleukin-2 alone.
Anticancer peptide CIGB-300 binds to nucleophosmin/B23, impairs its CK2-mediated phosphorylation, and leads to apoptosis through its nucleolar disassembly activity

CIGB-300, formerly known as P15-tat, is a proapoptotic peptide with established antiproliferative activity in vitro and antitumoral activity in vivo. This hypothesis-driven peptide was initially selected for its ability to impair the in vitro CK2-mediated phosphorylation in one of its substrates through direct binding to the conserved acidic phosphoaceptor domain. However, the actual in vivo target(s) on human cancer cells among the hundreds of CK2 substrates as well as the subsequent events that lead to apoptosis on tumor cells remains to be determined. In this work, we identified the multifunctional oncoprotein nucleophosmin/B23 as a major target for CIGB-300. In vivo, the CIGB-300–B23 interaction was shown by pull-down experiments and confirmed by the early in situ colocalization of both molecules in the cell nucleolus. Moreover, CIGB-300 inhibits the CK2-mediated phosphorylation of B23 in a dose-dependent fashion both in vitro and in vivo as shown using the recombinant GST fusion protein and the metabolic labeling approach, respectively. Such phosphorylation impairment was correlated with the ability of CIGB-300 to induce nucleolar disassembly as documented by the use of established markers for nucleolar structure. Finally, we showed that such a sequence of events leads to the rapid and massive onset of apoptosis both at the molecular and cellular levels. Collectively, these findings provide important clues by which the CIGB-300 peptide exerts its proapoptotic effect on tumor cells and highlights the suitability of the B23/CK2 pathway for cancer-targeted therapy. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(5):OF1–8]
Identification of interleukin-6 as an autocrine growth factor for Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized B cells

Autocrine growth factors are believed to be important for maintenance of an immortalized state by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), because cell-free supernatants of EBV-immortalized cell lines promote the proliferation of autologous cells and permit their growth at low cell density. In this study, we provide evidence for the existence of two autocrine growth factor activities produced by EBV-immortalized lines distinguished by size and biological activities. Much of the autocrine growth factor activity in lymphoblastoid cell line supernatants resided in a low-molecular-weight (less than 5,000) fraction. However, up to 20 to 30% of the autocrine growth factor activity resided in the high-molecular-weight (greater than 5,000) fraction. While the nature of the low-molecular-weight growth factor activity remains undefined, the high-molecular-weight growth factor activity was identified as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Culture supernatants from six EBV-induced lymphoblastoid cell lines tested contained IL-6 activity, because they promoted proliferation in the IL-6-dependent hybridoma cell line B9. In addition, a rabbit antibody to human IL-6 neutralized the capacity of the high-molecular-weight (greater than 5,000) fraction of a lymphoblastoid cell line supernatant to promote growth both in autologous EBV-immortalized cells and in B9 cells. Similarly, this high-molecular-weight autocrine growth factor activity was neutralized by a monoclonal antibody to human IL-6. Furthermore, characteristic bands, attributable to IL-6, were visualized in supernatants of each of four EBV-induced lymphoblastoid cell lines after immunoprecipitation with a rabbit antiserum to human IL-6. Thus, in addition to its previously reported properties, IL-6 is an autocrine growth factor for EBV-immortalized B cells cultured under serum-free conditions.
CYCLOSPORINE INDUCES MYOCARDIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWTH FACTOR IN SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS ON HIGH-SODIUM DIET1

Background. The introduction of cyclosporine (CsA) has led to an improvement in the prognosis of solid organ transplantation. However, drug-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity, associated with the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, still worsen the long-term outcome of CsA-treated patients. Whether the CsA-induced myocardial changes are associated with the induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a recently found polypeptide implicated in extracellular matrix synthesis, is not known. Methods. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (8–9 weeks old) were treated with CsA (5 mg·kg−1·d−1 subcutaneously) for 6 weeks. The influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (enalapril 30 mg·kg−1·d−1 orally) and angiotensin-1 receptor blockade (valsartan 3 and 30 mg·kg−1·d−1 orally) on CsA toxicity was also investigated. Myocardial morphology was examined, and vascular lesions were scored. Localization and the quantitative expression of CTGF, as well as collagen I and collagen III, mRNA were evaluated by in situ hybridization and Northern blot. Results. CsA-induced hypertension and nephrotoxicity were associated with myocardial infarcts and vasculopathy of the coronary arteries. CsA increased myocardial CTGF, collagen I, and collagen III mRNA expressions by 91%, 198%, and 151%, respectively. CTGF mRNA expression colocalized with the myocardial lesions. Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system prevented vascular damage and the CsA-induced CTGF, collagen I, and collagen III mRNA overexpressions in the heart. Conclusions. CsA increases CTGF, collagen I, and collagen III mRNA expressions in the heart. The induction of CTGF gene is mediated, at least in part, by angiotensin II.
Terror and Internal Migration in Israel

Abstract This paper empirically analyses the effect of terror on internal migration between Israeli subdistricts. Using a unique data-set comprising migration flows for the period 1999–2012 and the number of rocket and non-rocket attacks, we test the hypotheses that terror reduces migration into an affected subdistrict and increases migration out of it. According to our results, the effect of terror on migration is asymmetric as we only find evidence for the first hypothesis. This result remains when we use an instrumental variables strategy that corrects for underreporting of the number of rocket attacks. The largest effects of rocket attacks are found for migration into the Southern subdistrict of Ashqelon as well as into other border regions in Northern Israel, while non-rocket attacks also have substantial effects in the more populous centres of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv.
Accounting for Strike Action: An Illustration of Organised Hypocrisy

ABSTRACT This study examines how social disclosures by the world's three largest producers of platinum group metals (all located in South Africa) are used to address stakeholders’ divergent expectations after significant labour unrest at their mining operations during 2012. Organised hypocrisy is used as a theoretical framework to demonstrate how companies counter-couple a rational economic position on the strike action from a progressive stance on social reform. Talk and decision are used to suggest a potential for positive change while material revisions to business practice are deferred to safeguard financial interests. Contrary to earlier findings, this type of reporting strategy is used even when dealing with powerful constituents. This may be because organised hypocrisy is able to placate stakeholders who do not have direct access to an organisation's internal decision making. It is also possible that, when stakeholders are also engaged in a type of organised hypocrisy, they are unable to criticise organisations for maintaining multiple and competing facades. Consequently, organised hypocrisy can severely undermine the change potential of sustainability reporting.
Genetic influences of sports participation in Portuguese families

Abstract To estimate familial aggregation and quantify the genetic and environmental contribution to the phenotypic variation on sports participation (SP) among Portuguese families. The sample consisted of 2375 nuclear families (parents and two offspring each) from different regions of Portugal with a total of 9500 subjects. SP assessment was based on a psychometrically established questionnaire. Phenotypes used were based on the participation in sports (yes/no), intensity of sport, weekly amount of time in SP and the proportion of the year in which a sport was regularly played. Familial correlations were calculated using family correlations (FCOR) in the SAGE software. Heritability was estimated using variance-components methods implemented in Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR) software. Subjects of the same generation tend to be more similar in their SP habits than the subjects of different generations. In all SP phenotypes studied, adjusted for the effects of multiple covariates, the proportion of phenotypic variance due to additive genetic factors ranged between 40% and 50%. The proportion of variance attributable to environmental factors ranged from 50% for the participation in sports to 60% for intensity of sport. In this large population-based family study, there was significant familial aggregation on SP. These results highlight that the variation on SP phenotypes have a significant genetic contribution although environmental factors are also important in the familial resemblance of SP.
Inconclusive results with HIV serodiagnosis algorithms, and HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection in North-eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: Inconclusive serodiagnosis of HIV infection is particularly frequent in Central Africa. The aims of this study were to: (i) determine the rate of inconclusive results with the two-test algorithm that the WHO proposed in 1997 (WHO II) versus the three-test algorithm (revised in 2012 and consolidated in 2015 by WHO) for HIV testing, and (ii) determine the prevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection in the north-eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was performed between March and June 2016 in Kisangani and Bunia, the capital cities of Tshopo and Ituri provinces respectively. Alere DetermineTM HIV-1/2 (Alere Medical Co. Ltd., Japan), Uni-Gold HIV (Trinity Biotech Manufacturing Ltd., Ireland) and recomLine HIV-1 and HIV-2 IgG (Biosynex, France) were the first, second and third tests in the serial algorithm. Results: The rate of inconclusive results was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.4 – 3.1) with the two-test algorithm and 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 – 2.1) with the three-test algorithm (p< 0.001). The prevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection among HIV positive sera was 16.7% (95% CI: 4.7 – 44.8). Conclusion: The three-test algorithm HIV testing strategy significantly reduces the rate of inconclusive results. In addition, the prevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 co-infection is higher in a context where HIV-2 infection is poorly documented. Largescale research is essential to clarify these results.
Inferring The Cost Of Equity: Does The CAPM Consistently Outperform The Income And Multiples Valuation Models?

A number of surveys reveal that a large number of analysts, valuation experts, investors, chief financial officers and finance academics employ the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) of Sharpe (1962) and Lintner (1965) to estimate the cost of equity. There are, however, a number of alternative valuation models that can be used to infer the cost of equity. These alternative equity valuation models include the constant growth dividend discount, the earnings and book market multiples, the residual income and the Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth (2005) abnormal earnings growth (AEG) models. Using four mature retail firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, this paper tested for the equivalence of these models to the CAPM in estimating the cost of equity. The study found that the variants of the constant growth dividend discount and the AEG models give similar estimates which are closer to those of the CAPM. The variants of the price-to-earnings market multiples, price-to-book market multiples, and residual income models all yield estimates that are higher than those of the CAPM. Finally, the estimates seem to be affected by the stability of the firm’s earnings and financial position.
Treatment of non-resectable pancreatic cancer with intraperitoneal 5-FU and leucovorin IV.

AIM To explore the feasibility of intraperitoneal (IP) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and (IV) leucovorin for patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHOD Thirty patients (11 men), median age 65 (range 36-74 years), with a non-resectable pancreatic carcinoma in stage III (n=2) and IV (n=28) were treated with IP 5-FU 750-1000 mg/m(2)and leucovorin IV 100 mg/m(2)for 2 days every 3rd week. Tumour effect was analysed with repeated computed tomography (CT) scans, performance status was estimated with Karnofsky's index (KI) and morphine consumption, and toxicity assessed using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. RESULTS Median survival time was 7 months (range 0-21). There was no difference in survival between patients with different grading, staging or tumour size. Regional and systemic toxicity: The treatment was well tolerated, with no grade III or IV complications or side-effects. The median KI showed a minor reduction during treatment. The median morphine consumption per 24 hours increased from 0 mg (range 0-250) at inclusion, to 70 mg (range 0-540) at exclusion. The median nadir (WBC) was 7.2x10(3)/mm(3)(range 5.2-18.8). All patients had abdominal discomfort and distension during IP installation. CONCLUSION Intraperitoneal administration of 5-FU is feasible for patients with nonresectable pancreatic carcinoma. The treatment can induce a temporary stabilization of tumour growth and eventually prolong survival without adverse effects.
The prenuclear field matters: Questions and statements in standard modern Greek

Within the AM model of intonational phonology, nuclear rather than prenuclear pitch accents typically monopolize our interest as the purported pivots for meaning distinctions among utterances. This paper compares, through one production and two perception experiments, the prenuclear field in statements versus polar questions in Greek, which can be string identical, differing only in intonation. Systematic differences in the prenuclear pitch accents of these two utterance types were found in both their peak alignment and scaling. Moreover, identification and discrimination experiments showed that listeners were attuned to these differences. These results underline the importance of research on the phonetics and phonology of prenuclear pitch accents and their contribution to the meaning of utterances.
Dynamics of change in a ‘female farming system’, Mbanza Kongo/Northern Angola

The inhabitants of the Zaire Province of northern Angola, belonging to different subgroups of the Bakongo, offer an interesting case to study social and agricultural change in what Boserup would call a traditional ‘female farming system’. Since the 1930s, several factors have produced multiple dynamics of change – sometimes abrupt and other times gradual – in both livelihoods and the gender relations of agricultural production. Of these, the paper is going to highlight late colonial intervention, the anticolonial war, the long civil war, the economic boom after the end of the war and the recent economic crisis. While colonial interventions reinforced women’s role as food producers, the wars acted in the opposite direction by increasing the participation of (non-conscripted into the military) men in agriculture for those who took refuge in the then Republic of Congo. The economic boom that followed the end of the civil war opened income-earning opportunities out of agriculture for young men, but the recent fall in the international oil price reversed this trend, and agriculture – as a sole occupation or combined with casual off-farm jobs – became again a way out of hunger and poverty.
From Cultural Tolerance to Mutual Cultural Respect: An Asian Artist’s Perspective on Virtual World Cultural Appropriation

Culture is to be lived and to be learned. The connotation of cultural symbols is negotiated and learned within a culture (Sturken & Cartwright, 2004). When we are part of the dominant culture using another’s cultural objects, we may not know the context of that object, which may lead to cultural appropriation. In this paper, I review appropriation through three different domains: appropriation in art, appropriation in media and technology, and appropriation in cultural studies. I specifically chose to use denotation and connotation as the means to analyze interview text and visual data because these two coding systems are able to draw the cultural meanings embedded in the texts beyond the surface level of understanding. Findings can be categorized into three threads: 1) cultural appropriation in virtual worlds, 2) caring about cultural appropriation, and 3) solutions to cultural appropriation in virtual worlds. This research suggests that cultural exchange and mutual respect are the solutions to cultural appropriation in virtual worlds. Visual literacy will help virtual world residents learn how to read, see, decode, and create virtual imagery.
Economic Evaluation of Immunisation Programme of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine and the Inclusion of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in the List for Single-Dose Subsidy to the Elderly in Japan

Background Currently in Japan, both 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV–23) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV–13) are available for the elderly for the prevention of S. pneumoniae-related diseases. PPSV–23 was approved in 1988, while the extended use of PCV–13 was approved for adults aged 65 and older in June 2014. Despite these two vaccines being available, the recently launched national immunisation programme for the elderly only subsidised PPSV–23. The framework of the current immunisation programme lasts for five years. The elderly population eligible for the subsidised PPSV–23 shot for the 1st year are those aged 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and ≥100. While from the 2nd year to the 5th year, those who will age 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 will receive the same subsidised shot. Methods We performed economic evaluations to (1) evaluate the efficiency of alternative strategies of PPSV–23 single-dose immunisation programme, and (2) investigate the efficiency of PCV–13 inclusion in the list for single-dose pneumococcal vaccine immunisation programme. Three alternative strategies were created in this study, namely: (1) current PPSV–23 strategy, (2) 65 to 80 (as “65–80 PPSV–23 strategy”), and (3) 65 and older (as “≥65 PPSV–23 strategy”). We constructed a Markov model depicting the S. pneumoniae-related disease course pathways. The transition probabilities, utility weights to estimate quality adjusted life year (QALY) and disease treatment costs were either calculated or cited from literature. Cost of per shot of vaccine was ¥8,116 (US$74; US$1 = ¥110) for PPSV–23 and ¥10,776 (US$98) for PCV–13. The model runs for 15 years with one year cycle after immunisation. Discounting was at 3%. Results Compared to current PPSV–23 strategy, 65–80 PPSV–23 strategy cost less but gained less, while the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy was ¥5,025,000 (US$45,682) per QALY gained. PCV–13 inclusion into the list for single-dose subsidy has an ICER of ¥377,000 (US$3,427) per QALY gained regardless of the PCV–13 diffusion level. These ICERs were found to be cost-effective since they are lower than the suggested criterion by WHO of three times GDP (¥11,000,000 or US$113,636 per QALY gained), which is the benchmark used in judging the cost-effectiveness of an immunisation programmne. Conclusions The results suggest that switching current PPSV–23 strategy to ≥65 PPSV–23 strategy or including PCV–13 into the list for single-dose subsidy to the elderly in Japan has value for money.