Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce mortality in hypertension: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors involving 158 998 patients

Aims Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors are well established for the reduction in cardiovascular morbidity, but their impact on all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients is uncertain. Our objective was to analyse the effects of RAAS inhibitors as a class of drugs, as well as of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs) separately, on all-cause mortality. Methods and results We performed a pooled analysis of 20 cardiovascular morbidity–mortality trials. In each trial at least two-thirds of the patients had to be diagnosed with hypertension, according to the trial-specific definition, and randomized to treatment with an RAAS inhibitor or control treatment. The cohort included 158 998 patients (71 401 RAAS inhibitor; 87 597 control). The incidence of all-cause death was 20.9 and 23.3 per 1000 patient-years in patients randomized to RAAS inhibition and controls, respectively. Overall, RAAS inhibition was associated with a 5% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–1.00, P= 0.032), and a 7% reduction in cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99, P= 0.018). The observed treatment effect resulted entirely from the class of ACE inhibitors, which were associated with a significant 10% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.97, P= 0.004), whereas no mortality reduction could be demonstrated with ARB treatment (HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.94–1.04, P= 0.683). This difference in treatment effect between ACE inhibitors and ARBs on all-cause mortality was statistically significant (P-value for heterogeneity 0.036). Conclusion In patients with hypertension, treatment with an ACE inhibitor results in a significant further reduction in all-cause mortality. Because of the high prevalence of hypertension, the widespread use of ACE inhibitors may result in an important gain in lives saved.
Mathematical Modelling of Happiness and its Nonlinear Analysis

Happiness has been studied in sociology and psychology as a matter of grave concern. In this paper the happiness model that a new second –order systems can be organized equivalently with a Spring-Damper-Mass are proposed. This model is organized a 2-dimensional model of identically type with Duffing equation. We added a nonlinear term to Duffing equation and also applied Gaussian white noise and period sine wave as external stimulus that is able to cause of happiness. Then we confirm that there are random motion, periodic motion and chaotic motion according to parameter variation in the new happiness model. 키워드 Happiness, Mathematical Model, Chaos, Random Variable, Time Series, Phase Portrait, Nonlinear Analysis 행복, 수학적 모델, 카오스, 랜덤 변수, 시게열, 위성 공간, 비선형 해석 * 제주대학교 통신공학과(soonkim@jejunu.ac.kr) ** 신라대학교 사회복지학과(sun@silla.ac.kr) *** 전남대학교 전기. 전자통신. 컴퓨터 공학부(ycbae@jnu.ac.kr) **** 교신저자(corresponding author) : 계명대학교 사회체육학과(sspark@kmu.ac.kr) 접수일자 : 2014. 04. 30 심사(수정)일자 : 2014. 05. 23 게재확정일자 : 2014. 06. 16 I. 서 론 우리가 살고 있는 자연계는 선형 시스템이 아닌 비 선형 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 바람이 부는 현상이나 태풍의 진로, 사람의 삶 등이 비선형적인 거동을 가진 것으로 알려져 있다. 일반적으로 선형 시스템에 비해 비선형 시스템의 해석은 어렵기 때문에 이를 선형화시 켜 해석하는 경우가 가장 많이 사용되는 방법이다. 그 러나 최근에는 비선형 시스템 해석을 비선형 자체의 현상으로 해석하고 이를 실생활에 적용하고자 하는 노 http://dx.doi. org/10.13067/JKIECS.2014. 9.6. 711 JKIECS, vol. 9, no. 6, 711-718, 2014 712 력을 지속하고 있다. 이러한 노력의 예가 퍼지, 신경망, 카오스 및 복잡계 현상의 해석이라고 할 수 있다. 최근 에는 비선형의 사례 중에서 카오스 현상에 대한 연구 가 공학, 심리학, 생물학, 사회학 등에서 많은 관심을 받아왔다[1-8]. 심리학과 사회학의 공동 연구 영역인 행복 문제에 대하여 많은 연구자들이 심리학적 관점과 사회학적 관점에서 많은 연구를 진행해왔다. 또한 최근에는 행 복에 대한 동적 모델을 선형과 비선형적인 관점에서 해석하는 연구도 J.C Sprott[9]에 의해 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 이 모델은 주로 선형적인 관점에서의 연구로 서 외부 입력을 주기 펄스로 주어 실제 행복 모델을 완벽하게 나타내지 못하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 본 논문에서는 SpringDamper-Mass 시스템과 등가적으로 구성할 수 있는 새로운 2차계로 구성한 행복 모델을 제안하여 Duffing 방정식과 동일한 형태의 2차원 모델로 구성한다. 또한 Duffing 방정식에 비선형 항과 행복의 원인이 될 수 있 는 외부 자극으로 가우시안 백색 잡음과 주기적 정현 파를 인가하여 이 모델에서 랜덤 운동, 주기 운동과 카 오스 운동이 있음을 확인한다.
Regulation of Tristetraprolin Expression by Interleukin-1β and Dexamethasone in Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells: Roles for Nuclear Factor-κB and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase

The mRNA-destabilizing protein tristetraprolin (TTP) negatively regulates adenine- and uridine-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNAs. In A549 pulmonary cells, TTP mRNA and both a ∼40- and a ∼45-kDa phosphorylated version of TTP protein were rapidly induced in response to interleukin (IL)-1β. Analysis with IκBαΔN, a dominant version of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), as well as dominant-negative and small-molecule IκB kinase (IKK) inhibitors demonstrated that IL-1β-induced TTP is nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-dependent. Likewise, TTP expression and formation of the ∼45-kDa phosphorylated form of TTP are blocked by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imidazole (SB203580). By contrast, and despite a 3- to 4-fold induction of TTP mRNA, the anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid dexamethasone only modestly induced expression of the ∼40-kDa form of TTP. In the context of IL-1β, dexamethasone exerted a marginal repressive effect on TTP mRNA expression and more considerably reduced TTP protein. Given a requirement for p38 MAPK in the induction of TTP by IL-1β, this repressive effect may be explained by repression of the p38 MAPK pathway by dexamethasone. Knockdown of TTP protein by siRNA elevated IL-1β-induced expression of granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-8, demonstrating a role for TTP in feedback control. Likewise, knockdown of TTP increased GM-CSF expression in the presence of IL-1β plus dexamethasone, suggesting that feedback control by TTP also occurs in the context of IL-1β plus dexamethasone. Taken together, our data demonstrate that NF-κB and p38 MAPK are critical to the induction of TTP by IL-1β and that TTP induction provides feedback control of the ARE-containing genes GM-CSF and IL-8.
Becoming a Reflective Educator

We may not be able to make you love reading, but becoming a reflective educator will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.
The Balanced Scorecard Beyond Reports and Rankings More

37 S ince the 1990s, accountability in higher education has become a challenging issue for higher education. Increasingly, institutions of higher learning have been required to provide performance indicators—empirical evidence of their value—to state, alumni, prospective student, and other external stakeholders. State commissions of higher education and boards of regents have, in numerous states, developed " report cards " that grade colleges and universities according to their level of performance in a variety of categories. Surveys in the popular press and on the Internet rank institutions according to their retention and graduation rates, resources, academic reputation, and more. Though substantial energy and effort have been expended to collect, organize, and present performance information, few would argue that the emphasis on the various report cards and surveys has dramatically changed the operational performance of most major universities. Commenting on the inadequacy of performance indicators for higher education, H.R. Kells (1990) warns of the following: [This] notion to reduce complexity is acceptable if such reduction does not remove or reduce our ability to judge true worth. The lists of performance indicators presented in study after study make little or no reference to the intentions (goals) of the organization to be described and virtually no reference to The Balanced Scorecard Beyond Reports and Rankings More commonly used in the commercial sector, this approach to strategic assessment can be adapted to higher education. Alice C. Stewart is director of strategic analysis and planning and assistant professor of strategic management at The Ohio State University. Her work has been presented at the National Academy of Management and the Strategic Management Society and has been published in such outlets as the Journal of Business Venturing and Advances in International Comparative Management. Julie Carpenter-Hubin is strategic initiatives project manager at The Ohio State University, where she received her bach-elor's. She is currently pursuing a mas-ter's in public administration. Her research interests include strategic decision making and university organization.
Whither research in marketing

Purpose: – To introduce the contents of this special issue on research in marketing and comment on the development of the discipline in UK universities. Design/methodology/approach: – Relates each paper to a taxonomy of academic research and comments on their content. Examines major trends in higher education and relates them to the fortunes of marketing educators. Findings: – There are reasons to be cheerful about academic marketing in the UK: there are clearly opportunities to publish in the world's leading academic journals, increased funding for the discipline, the acceptability of a wide range of methodologies and the increasing influence of marketing. Less encouraging is the naive and destructive competition between universities and the consequent destruction of academic development. Research limitations/implications: – This is a UK perspective that depends on limited knowledge of other than a few other countries. Practical implications: – There are good reasons to be positive about an academic career in marketing, but also a desperate need to tackle the naive strategies of universities and to intervene to mend the gaps in the development of academic marketers. Originality/value: – Gives an insight in to the range of research in marketing, and an insight into the opportunities and pitfalls of a career in academic marketing research.
Optimal rate allocation for scalable video multicast over WiMAX

The IEEE 802.16 standard (commonly known as WiMAX), which has been proposed as a new wireless broadband standard, is capable of delivering very high data rate and covering wide area. Video multicast service would become one potential application over WiMAX with the popularity of streaming applications in the Internet. Our method mainly uses adaptive modulation to achieve the goal of rate-adaptive multicast, and combines with the concept of layered multicast. According to the size of video layer, SS distribution, and available symbols, our method adaptively changes the modulations of each video layer in each group of picture (GOP) time. We also propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to reduce computational complexity when finding optimal modulation. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve promising performance.
The SMEM Seeding Acceleration for DNA Sequence Alignment

The advance of next-generation sequencing technology has dramatically reduced the cost of genome sequencing. However, processing and analyzing huge amounts of data collected from sequencers introduces significant computation challenges, these have become the bottleneck in many research and clinical applications. For such applications, read alignment is usually one of the most compute-intensive steps. Billions of reads generated from the sequencer need to be aligned to the long reference genome. Recent state-of-the-art software read aligners follow the seed-andextend model. In this paper we focus on accelerating the first seeding stage, which generates the seeds using the supermaximal exact match (SMEM) seeding algorithm. The two main challenges for accelerating this process are 1) how to process a huge number of short reads with high throughput, and 2) how to hide the frequent and long random memory access when we try to fetch the value of the reference genome. In this paper, we propose a scalable array-based architecture, which is composed by many processing engines (PEs) to process large amounts of data simultaneously for the demand of high throughput. Furthermore, we provide a tight software/hardware integration that realizes the proposed architecture on the Intel-Altera HARP system. With a 16-PE accelerator engine, we accelerate the SMEM algorithm by 4x, and the overall SMEM seeding stage by 26% when compared with 16-thread CPU execution. We further analyze the performance bottleneck of the design due to extensive DRAM accesses and discuss the possible improvements that are worthwhile to be explored in the future.
The ability of psychologists, lawyers and psychology students to predict children's performance in memory and suggestibility experiments

The aim of this article was to explore whether psychologists, lawyers, and psychology students would be able to predict how children behave in memory and suggestibility experiments and if this ability is associated with different measures of experience. The participants (N = 63) were to predict the results of a series of published research studies pertaining to children's memory and suggestibility. The results indicated that the ability of the participants to predict the behavior of children was overall low and unrelated to experience. It was concluded that professionals who should be able to assess children's functioning as witnesses may not be able to do so.
Metabolic radiolabeling: experimental tool or Trojan horse? 35S‐Methionine induces DNA fragmentation and p53‐dependent ROS production

Despite the general assumption that widely used radiolabeled metabolites such as [35S]methionine and 3H‐thymidine do not adversely affect or perturb cell function, we and others have shown that such low‐energy β‐emitters can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of proliferating cells. The goal of the present study was to elucidate the targets and mechanisms of [35S]methionine‐induced cellular toxicity. Comet analyses (single‐cell electrophoresis) demonstrated dose‐dependent DNA fragmentation in rabbit smooth muscle cells within a time frame (1–4 h) well within that of most radiolabeling protocols, whereas fluorescence analyses using a peroxide/hydroperoxide‐ sensitive dye revealed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although ROS generation was inhibitable by antioxidants, DNA fragmentation was not inhibited and was in fact observed even under hypoxic conditions, suggesting that ß‐radiation‐induced DNA damage can occur independently of ROS formation. Studies with p53+/+ and p53_/_ human colorectal carcinoma cells further demonstrated the dissociation of early DNA damage from ROS formation in that both cell types exhibited DNA fragmentation in response to radiolabeling whereas only the p53+/+ cells exhibited significant increases in ROS formation, which occurred well after significant DNA damage was observed. These findings demonstrate that metabolically incorporated low‐energy ß‐emitters such as [35S]methionine and 3H‐ thymidine can induce DNA damage, thereby initiating cellular responses leading to cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. The results of this study require a reevaluation using low‐energy ß‐emitters to follow not only experimental protocols in vivo processes, but also acceptable exposure levels of these genotoxic compounds in the workplace and environment. —Hu, V. W. , Heikka, D. S. , Dieffenbach, P. B. , Ha, L. Metabolic radiolabeling: experimental tool or Trojan horse? 35S‐Methionine induces DNA fragmentation and p53‐dependent ROS production. FASEB J. 15, 1562–1568 (2001)
The Full-Time Faculty Handbook.

Introduction - Virginia Bianco-Mathis and Neal Chalofsky Academic Life and Career PART ONE: ACADEMIC ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Administration and Management - Nyla Carney and Teresa Long Teaching and Learning - James Fletcher and Sondra Patrick Student Advising - Rosemarie Bosler and Sharon Levin Academic Research - Sharon Ahern Fechter University Service - William Marshall Professional Service - Karen Medsker PART TWO: ISSUES AND TRENDS Professional Development and Advancement - Rhonda Malone New Learning Approaches - Sharon Confessore Conceptualizing the Learning-Teaching Interaction Technology - Theodore Stone Computers, Distance Learning and the Virtual University Diversity in Higher Education - Mary Hatwood Futrell and Walter Brown Epilogue - Neal Chalofsky and Virginia Bianco-Mathis
X‐ray emission in the Outer Galaxy: the Star Forming Region NGC 1893

A key issue of the star formation process is its independence from the environmental conditions. In particular, it is not clear whether star formation in the outer Galaxy occurs in the same way as in the inner Galaxy. We present preliminary results of the analysis of a ∼440 Ks ACIS‐Chandra observation of NGC1893, a young cluster (∼3–4 Myrs), far away from the Galactic Center with the aim to study star formation in the outer region of the Galaxy and investigate the coronal properties of the cluster stars. We detect more than 1000 X‐ray sources, most of which are likely cluster members. We present also a preliminary analysis of X‐ray variability of the cluster stars.
Applying phenomenography in nursing research.

AIMS This paper examines phenomenography, a research approach designed to answer certain questions about how people make sense of their experience. The research approach, developed within educational research, is a content-related approach investigating the different qualitative ways in which people make sense of the world around them. The outcomes of phenomenographic research are different content-related categories describing the differences in other people's ways of experiencing and conceiving their world. METHODS The research approach is presented by describing the underlying ontological and epistemological assumptions, describing the research method in detail and providing some examples of phenomengraphic studies in health care and nursing research. The possibilities for applying the methodology to nursing research are discussed, illustrated by research examples. Finally, the future role of the approach within nursing research is discussed. CONCLUSION The emphasis on differences in the phenomenographical research approach makes it distinct from other research approaches, and accordingly, it seems to be reasonable to incorporate knowledge of this kind in the professional education of health care personnel.
Politics after the Time of Hunger in Mozambique: A Critique of Neo-Patrimonial Interpretation of African Elites

This article offers a critique of Patrick Chabal's and Jean Pascal Daloz's ‘neo-patrimonial’ interpretation of elite politics in Africa. It does so through an exploration of Mozambican society and politics in the period of democratic transition. By examining the relationship between the ruling Frelimo elite and the middle class in the capital Maputo, I argue that state politics cannot be explained by elites competing with each other through vertical clientelist networks as elaborated in the ‘neo-patrimonial’ thesis. Instead, I suggest that the liberal transition appears to have ushered in a hardening of Mozambican class structures, with elites maintaining their position through access to political power and networks developed initially in the post-independence period, and demonstrating a high degree of internal solidarity.
Actual Nursing Competency among Nurses in Hospital in Vietnam

Background: Competency of nurses is vital to safe nursing practice as well as essential component to drive quality of nursing services. There exists little up to date information concerning actual competency among Vietnamese nurses. Purposes: The purpose of this study is to identify the actual nursing competency among nurses in clinical settings in Vietnam. Methods: A qualitative study, ethnographic method, comprised of the participant-observation, indepth interview, and focus group discussion with multidisciplinary groups of nurses employing in Cho Ray hospital, Vietnam, managers/administrators, nurse teachers, medical doctors, other health care providers, patients and family members which derived from purposeful sampling technique. Content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Five essential themes of nursing competencies among nurses were identified include (1) knowledge, (2) skills, (3) attitude and value-based nursing practice, (4) legal and ethical competencies, and (5) transcultural competencies. Basic and advanced knowledge were identified as further two dimensions of knowledge. There were five sub themes identified as further dimensions of skills include technical skills, communication skills, organizing and management skills, teamwork and interrelationship, and critical thinking skills. Conclusions: The findings from this study provide valuable information and understanding of the actual competency among nurses in clinical settings in Vietnam. It is expected that this understanding would assist in developing a guide to nursing education and training, nursing practice and relevant policy regulation used for promoting nursing competency among nurses. Keywords—Nursing competency, qualitative design, ethnographic method, Vietnam.
Scheduling Algorithms for Single-Carrier and Multi-Carrier Wireless Data Systems ( Invited Paper )

In this article we consider a set of scheduling problems for wireless data systems, including the single-carrier model motivated by CDMA technologies and the multi-carrier model motivated by OFDM technologies. We survey a number of single-carrier scheduling algorithms together with the assumptions on traffic patterns and channel conditions under which the algorithms perform well. We also present recent work that adapts some of the single-carrier algorithms to the multicarrier environment. The challenge in adapting these algorithms partially lies in the NP-hard nature of handling resource wastage, which happens when multiple carriers collectively overallocate resources to the same user. We present solutions based on the greedy approach for maximizing submodular functions over a matroid. We conclude with several open issues in multi-carrier scheduling.
Role of Control and Social Support in Explaining the Stress of Hassles and Crowding

In a previous study, social hassles in the home, such as arguments and lack of privacy, were associated with greater psychological distress only in people living in crowded homes. Hassles were not related to distress in people in uncrowded homes. The current study undertakes a secondary analysis of these data to understand why household crowding potentiates the negative effects of social hassles on psychological well-being. The aim is to evaluate how two psychosocial variables—perceived control over the residential environment and social support from housemates—might explain the interactive effects of hassles and crowding on psychological distress. The results suggest that decreased perceived control among those who experience both crowding and hassles in the home explains why this subgroup has greater psychological distress. The authors argue that hassles in crowded homes lead to lower perceived control because household crowding constrains one's ability to avoid or escape from the hassles. Perceived social support from roommates does not account for the interactive effects of hassles and crowding.