Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Citrullinemic Lymphocytes in Long Term Culture

Extract: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a 33-year-old male with citrullinemia were established in long term, continuous culture. This lymphocyte line was designated UM-21 (University of Michigan, lymphoid line no. 21), and the behavior of the cells of this line was studied under selective conditions in vitro. When arginine was removed from the medium and replaced with citrulline, the UM-21 lymphocytes were unable to enter logarithmic growth phase. This contrasted with lymphocyte lines from normal donors which were able to utilize the citrulline readily and to grow logarithmically. We interpreted this as presumptive evidence that, unlike normal lymphocytes, the citrullinemic lymphocytes were deficient in argininosuccinic acid synthetase (AS). Despite the initial inability of the citrullinemic lymphocytes to grow logarithmically in a medium with 200 mg/liter citrulline substituted for the normally used arginine (Cit+, Arg− medium), after 4 weeks of continuous incubation some cells did begin to divide and a variant of the UM-21 line was subsequently established.Cells from the parental UM-21 line, the variant line, and two normal lymphocyte lines were incubated with ureido-14C-citrulline to determine their relative uptake and incorporation of citrulline. On autoradiography, the UM-21 cells showed no label. Cells from the variant line showed a diverse labeling pattern: 11.7% of cells were heavily labeled, 32.4% were lightly labeled, and 55.9% showed no label. The cells from the normal donors were uniformly heavily labeled. Further, the incorporation of label into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable cellular material was examined. UM-21 incorporated 360 cpm, the variant line 1,951 cpm, and the two normal lines 2,544 and 2,427 cpm, respectively. The counts per minute are here expressed per 105 cells, or 3.3–3.5 × 10−3 mg protein.Speculation: Although a more sensitive assay for AS will have to be developed for lymphocyte lines, it is apparent from the data presented here that the citrullinemic defect is expressed in cultured lymphocytes under proper selective conditions. The basic defect in this disease is likely to be either a regulatory or structural gene mutation, and the variant line may represent a reverse mutation. It may prove possible to study each of the four known genetically determined disorders of urea metabolism by use of the cultured lymphocyte.
Rough k-means Cluster with Adaptive Parameters

In this paper, we firstly analyze Lingras algorithm with respect to its objective-function, numerical stability of the clusters. Then we point out its shortcoming in adjusting the three coefficients omegaiota , omegaupsi and epsiv . To tackle this problem, a rough k-means clustering method is finally presented with adaptive parameters. This algorithm is used in a testing sample and obtains a less error clustering rate.
Heritable Loss of Replication Control of a Minichromosome Derived from the B Chromosome of Maize

During an accumulation regime of a small telomere-truncated B chromosome, a derivative with large variations in size and multiple punctate centromere loci exhibiting amplified copy numbers was discovered. Multiple centromere satellite loci or transgene signals were documented in amplified chromosomes, suggesting over-replication. Immunolocalization studies revealed multiple foci of biochemical markers characteristic of active centromeres such as CENP-C and phosphorylation of histones H3S10 and H2AThr133. The amplified chromosomes exhibit an absence of chromosome disjunction in meiosis I and an infrequent chromosome disjunction in meiosis II. Despite their unusual structure and behavior these chromosomes were observed in the lineage for seven generations during the course of this study. While severely truncated relative to a normal B chromosome, the progenitor minichromosome is estimated to be at least several megabases in size. Given that the centromere and transgene signals at opposite ends of the chromosome generally match in copy number, the replication control is apparently lost over several megabases.
Abnormal event detection in videos using binary features

In this paper we address the problem of online video abnormal event detection. A vast number of methods to automatically detect abnormal events in videos have been recently proposed. However, the majority of these recently proposed methods cannot attain online performance; in other words, they cannot detect events as soon as they occur. Thus there is a lack of methods specifically aimed to detect events in online fashion. In this paper, we propose to incorporate binary features to detect abnormal events in an online manner. This is based on the fact that binary features are well known to require short processing times, compared to double-precision features. The main contribution of this work is then at the feature extraction step. Our experiment results of our binary-based framework show that our proposed binary features help to reduce processing times for anomaly detection, while outperforming other online methods, in terms of detection accuracy.
Phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity of local spices in Nigeria

The use of natural antioxidants in the preservation of food is preferred over synthetic compounds. Spices show potential health benefits as they possess antioxidant activity. This study was designed to screen the antioxidant properties of Aframomum sceptrum, Xylopia aethiopica, Monodora myristica and Allium sativum using four different extractive solvents (water, ethanol, methanol and heated water). Phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, reducing power and ascorbate oxidase activity were assayed. Methanolic extract of these spices showed relatively higher amounts of total phenolics than the other extracts. Total antioxidant capacity of the heated water extract of all the spices investigated was significantly higher than the levels obtained for all other extracts. The results further revealed that the reducing powers of spices were directly proportional to concentrations and their ascorbate oxidase activities were comparable. Local spices therefore possess antioxidant properties that can be used by food and pharmaceutical industries as potential sources of natural antioxidants.
[Measuring choroid blood flow with a new confocal laser Doppler device].

UNLABELLED A new instrument for the measurement of choroidal blood flow in the fovea is presented. It is based on the laser Doppler method and a confocal optical system with an indirect detection of the Doppler shifted light. METHOD The intensity of the laser beam (785 nm) at the cornea is 90 microW. Measurements were obtained from a normal population of 21 subjects under resting conditions without dilating the pupil. RESULTS The reproducibility of the choroidal blood flow, based on 5 measurements of 10 s each in 5 randomly selected subjects, is 9%. The minimum detectable change for a statistical significance of p < or = 0.05, based on a population of 21 subjects and 10 s measurements, is 9%. CONCLUSION This new compact instrument appears to be suitable for the investigation of the physiology and pharmacology of choroidal blood flow and the effect of age-related macular degeneration.
Embedded WiMAX-based vehicular router for Telematics computing

This study presents a novel embedded WiMAX-based vehicular router with a network mobility architecture that promotes the Telematics services for Ubiquitous/Pervasive Computing (UPC) environment anytime and anywhere. Each Telematics user has to process the handoff procedure with the mobile IP mechanism. Therefore, the proposed WiMAX-based vehicular router can process more Telematics users for handoff procedures simultaneously. Network performances in terms of packet loss, round-trip time (RTT) and handoff latency are investigated and analyzed in this study. Compare with the traditional WiFi-based vehicular router, the embedded WiMAX-based vehicular router improves the packet loss about 36% and the average RTT is decreased by approximately 34%. Based on the handoff latency analysis, the embedded WiMAX vehicular router has the superior performance using the mobile network with the embedded router when there are more than two Telematics users.
HLA‐DQB1 AND DQA1 MATCHING BY AMBIENT TEMPERATURE PCR‐SSCP

We have developed a polymerase chain reaction‐single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR‐SSCP) protocol for rapid matching of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles. Electrophoresis can be performed at ambient temperature within the range 18‐28°C without continuous gel cooling. The method has been tested on 27 patient‐potential bone marrow donor pairs for DQB1 and 31 pairs for DQA1. Bone marrow pairs were chosen to represent a broad range of common alleles based upon previous restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis type assignments. Samples were re‐typed by PCR with sequence‐specific primers (PCR‐SSP) and the results compared to matching by PCR‐SSCP analysis. There was a 100% correlation between PCR‐SSP and PCR‐SSCP analysis for DQB1, and a 97% correlation for DQAl matching.
DISCRETE-TIME SLIDING MODE CONTROL OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR

Abstract A discrete-time sliding mode with block control aided design is applied to a nonlinear discrete-time induction motor model where the load torque is considered as unknown perturbation. With full state measurements, both rotor speed and rotor flux amplitude tracking objectives are satisfied. Then, a reduced order observer is implemented where speed and current measurements provide the observation for the unreachable fluxes and load torque. The simulations predict the system to be robust with respect to external load torques.
Cyber-Physical-Security Framework for Building Energy Management System

Energy management systems (EMS) are used to control energy usage in buildings and campuses, by employing technologies such as supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and building management systems (BMS), in order to provide reliable energy supply and maximise user comfort while minimising energy usage. Historically, EMS systems were installed when potential security threats were only physical. Nowadays, EMS systems are connected to the building network and as a result directly to the outside world. This extends the attack surface to potential sophisticated cyber-attacks, which adversely impact EMS operation, resulting in service interruption and downstream financial implications. Currently, the security systems that detect attacks operate independently to those which deploy resiliency policies and use very basic methods. We propose a novel EMS cyber-physical-security framework that executes a resilient policy whenever an attack is detected using security analytics. In this framework, both the resilient policy and the security analytics are driven by EMS data, where the physical correlations between the data-points are identified to detect outliers and then the control loop is closed using an estimated value in place of the outlier. The framework has been tested using a reduced order model of a real EMS site.
Differential B-Cell Responses Are Induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis PE Antigens Rv1169c, Rv0978c, and Rv1818c

ABSTRACT The multigene PE and PPE family represents about 10% of the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we report that three members of the PE family, namely, Rv1169c, Rv0978c, and Rv1818c, elicit a strong, but differential, B-cell humoral response among different clinical categories of tuberculosis patients. The study population (n = 211) was comprised of different clinical groups of both adult and child patients: group 1 (n = 94) patients with pulmonary infection, group 2 (n = 30) patients with relapsed infection, group 3 (n = 31) patients with extrapulmonary infections, and clinically healthy donors (n = 56). Among the PE proteins studied, group 1 adult patient sera reacted to Rv1818c and Rv0978c, while Rv1169c elicited immunoreactivity in group 3 children. However, all three PE antigens studied as well as the 19-kDa antigen did not demonstrate humoral reactivity with sera from group 2 patients with relapsed infection. The current study shows that while responsiveness to all three PE antigens is a good marker for M. tuberculosis infection, a strong response to Rv0978c or to Rv1818c by group 1 adult patients with pulmonary infection or largely restricted reactivity to Rv1169c antigen in child patients with extrapulmonary infections offers the possibility of differential utility in the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.
WT1 suppresses synthesis of the epidermal growth factor receptor and induces apoptosis.

The Wilms tumor suppressor gene WT1 encodes a developmentally regulated transcription factor that is mutated in a subset of embryonal tumors. To test its functional properties, we developed osteosarcoma cell lines expressing WT1 under an inducible tetracycline‐regulated promoter. Induction of WT1 resulted in programmed cell death. This effect, which was differentially mediated by the alternative splicing variants of WT1, was independent of p53. WT1‐mediated apoptosis was associated with reduced synthesis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), but not of other postulated WT1‐target genes, and it was abrogated by constitutive expression of EGFR. WT1 repressed transcription from the EGFR promoter, binding to two TC‐rich repeat sequences. In the developing kidney, EGFR expression in renal precursor cells declined with the onset of WT1 expression. Repression of EGFR and induction of apoptosis by mechanism that may contribute to its critical role in normal kidney development and to the immortalization of tumor cells with inactivated WT1 alleles.
Amalgamating Contextual Information into Recommender System

Recommender systems utilize the times of yore experiences and preferences of the target customers as a basis to offer personalized recommendations for them as well as resolve the information overloading hitch. Personalized recommendation methods are primarily classified into content-based recommendation approach and collaborative filtering recommendation approach. Both recommendation approaches have their own advantages, drawbacks and complementarities. Because conventional recommendation techniques don’t consider the contextual information, the real factor why a customer likes a specific product is unable to be understood. Therefore, in reality, it often causes a decrease in the accuracy of the recommendation results and also persuades the recommendation quality. In this paper, we propose the integrated contextual information as the foundation concept of multidimensional recommendation model and use the Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) ability of data warehousing to solve the contradicting tribulations among hierarchy ratings. This work hopes that by establishing additional user profiles and multidimensional analysis to find the key factors affecting user perceptions.
Generalized Haar filter based CNN for object detection in traffic scenes

Vision-based object detection is one of the fundamental functions in numerous traffic scene applications such as self-driving vehicle systems and advance driver assistance systems (ADAS). Meanwhile, it also poses to be a demanding task due to the diversity of traffic scenes and resource limitations of the platforms for traffic scene applications. To address these issues, we present a generalized Haar filter based CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) which is suitable for the object detection tasks in traffic scenes. In this approach, we first decompose an object detection task into multiple local regression tasks. Thereafter, we handle these local regression tasks using several light and efficient networks which simultaneously output the bounding boxes, categories and confidence scores of detected objects. To reduce the consumption of storage and computing resources, the weights of these deep networks are constrained to the form of generalized Haar filters. Finally, we carry out various experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach in traffic scene datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our object detection system is light and effective in comparison with the state-of-the-art.
A Theory of Dynamic Oligopoly, II: Price Competition

The authors provide game theoretic foundations for the classic kinke d demand curve and Edgeworth cycle. In their alternating-move model, there are multiple Markov perfect equilibria of both the kinked deman d curve and Edgeworth cycle variety. In any Markov perfect equilibria , profit is bounded away from the Bertrand equilibria level. A kinked demand curve at the monopoly price is the unique symmetric "renegot iation proof" equilibrium when there is little discounting. The auth ors then endogenize the timing by allowing firms to move at any time. They find that firms end up alternating, thus vindicating the fixed timing assumption of the simpler model. Copyright 1988 by The Econometric Society.
UV Lithography and Molding Fabrication of Ultrathick Micrometallic Structures Using a KMPR Photoresist

By using a novel negative-tone photoresist, KMPR, we have investigated ultraviolet (UV) lithographic microelectroforming fabrication of ultrathick metallic microstructures ( ¿ 400 ¿m). Scanning coating spin speed together with the film thickness and uniformity has been characterized at low spin speed from 1000 to 200 r/min. Based on the film profile characterization, the single-spin lithography conditions for a 400-¿m-thick electroforming mold are optimized by scanning process parameters of UV exposure energy and bake temperature and time. SEM-measured dimensional accuracy and sidewall verticality of the optimized thick KMPR mold are ¿ ¿ 3 ¿m and 90° ±1°, respectively, which are comparable to those of SU8 molds. The SEM analysis of the patterned film and the electroformed structure has shown that the submillimeter-thick KMPR features have ~ 5-10:1 aspect ratio. The sidewall surface roughness of the copper deposition is locally measured to be about ~ 50-100 nm by atomic force microscopy, which is significantly smoother than that resulting from other mechanical machining approaches. This novel photoresist enables the lithographic molding microfabrication process to mass produce plastic and metallic microcomponents for various microelectromechanical systems applications.
The orientation of early medieval churches in England

Early medieval (seventh to early twelfth century) churches in central and southern England display an average alignment which is close to true east (x ¯=88∞T, n=183). This near liturgically-correct orientation can only have been achieved by astronomical means. Sixty-two per cent of the measured buildings lie within the range 80∞‐100∞T; such relatively minor discrepancies may be due largely to foundation setting-out errors. A considerable proportion of those churches which deviate significantly from true east were probably established on sites which were constrained by older structures in towns, and perhaps by the natural topography in rural areas. ” 2000 Academic Press
Experimental assessment of using network coding and cooperative diversity techniques in IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks

The use of wireless sensor networks (WSN) to support critical monitoring applications is becoming a relevant topic of interest. These networks allow a highly flexible approach to data monitoring and, consequently, a major breakthrough for several application domains, from industrial control applications to large building domotics and health care applications. One of the major impairments of using wireless networks to support critical monitoring applications is the electromagnetic noise, which may increase the packet loss ratio to unacceptable values. In this paper, we assess different techniques of cooperative communication and network coding that can be useful to mitigate the aforementioned problem. These techniques may be implemented in WSN nodes in conformance with the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard, to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interferences upon the packet loss ratio. In this paper, we report an experimental assessment of the network coding and cooperative diversity techniques, where the network is subjected to a controlled electromagnetic interference inside of an anechoic chamber. The experimental results show that, by using these techniques, it is possible to increase the success rate of communication in typical electromagnetic noisy environments.
The Effect of the Black Death on English Higher Education

The effect of plague on fourteenth-century education is not a neglected topic. * While there may be no recent thesis on the relationship similar to the provocative but controversial work by Millard Meiss on the effect of the Black Death on Florentine and Sienese art,' many scholars have noted a decline or at least a period of quiescence at various medieval universities in the decades immediately after 1348, a change often attributed to the Black Death. The only general work devoted to this important subject remains Anna Campbell's The Black Death and Men of Learning, which surveys most of the information available a half century ago.2 Since then, some work has bee;n done on the relation of plague to elementary and secondary education,3 but despite the appearance of additional quantitative evidence on medieval universities, little that is new has appeared on the relation of plague and higher education either in England or on the Continent. The lack of any useful or extensive quantitative data in the earlier part of this century led to widely differing opinions and a tendency to base conclusions on subjective or vague contemporary statements that at best gave an impressionistic assessment of the situation. In the absence of other types of evidence, Campbell placed considerable emphasis on statements by contemporary scholars, or similar pronouncements culled from foundation charters of universities and colleges established between 1350 and 1380, bemoaning the contemporary decline in education, either numerically or qualitatively, and sometimes both. Notwithstanding the fact that many of these statements have a formulaic ring, especially those in foundation charters, and the fact that the supposed decline was as frequently blamed on warfare, the mendicants, the monks, or some other cause as on plague and population decline, Campbell felt that most of this material was evidence for the. severity of the Black Death on education. Even where Campbell used statistical data, such
Analysis and Evaluation of a Framework for Sampling Database in Recommenders

In this paper the authors proposed a database sampling framework that aims to minimize the time necessary to produce a sample database. They argue that the performance of current relational database sampling techniques that maintain the data integrity of the sample database is low and a faster strategy needs to be devised. The sampling method targets the production environment of a system under development that generally consists of large amounts of data computationally costly to analyze. The results have been improved due to the fact that the authors have selected the users that they had more information about them and they have made the data table denser. Therefore, by increasing the data and making the rating more comprehensive for all the users they can help to produce the more and better association rules. The obtained results were not that much suitable for Jester dataset but with their proposed methods the authors have tried to improve the quantity and quality of the rules. These results indicate that the effectiveness of the system greatly depends on the input data and the applied dataset. In addition, if the user rates more number of the items the system efficiency will be more increased.