Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimates of the Demand for Money in the Pacific Island Countries

The Pedroni (2000) panel cointegration method is used to estimate the cointegrating equations for the demand for narrow money for a panel of five Pacific Island Countries (Fiji, Samoa, Solomons, Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea) for the period 1975-2007. The effects of financial reforms are analyzed with estimates from sub-sample periods. Our results suggest that there is a unique cointegrated long run relationship between real narrow money, real income and nominal rate of interest. The major finding is that the money demand function has been stable and financial reforms are yet to have any significant effects in the Pacific Island Countries.
THE ROLES OF DIMENSIONS AND VALUES IN LEGAL CBR

In this paper we build on two recent attempts to formalise reasoning with dimensions. Both of these approaches effectively map dimensions into factors, which enables propositional reasoning, but we show that sometimes a balance between dimensions needs to be struck. To permit trade-offs we need to keep the magnitudes and reason more geometrically. We also revisit the link between dimensions and values, arguing that values play a number of distinct roles, not only explaining preferences between factors, but also ensuring that all the purposes of the underlying law are considered.
WAGE DIFFERENTIALS AND EMPLOYMENT IN A TWO‐SECTOR MODEL WITH A DUAL LABOUR MARKET

The concept of a dual labour market is analysed in a two-sector general equilibrium model. The primary sector pays efficiency wages, while there is no connection between efficiency and the relative wage level in the secondary sector. The two sectors produce different goods. Capital is assumed sector-specific. The results under different conditions in the labour market (market clearing, minimum wages and levelling of the wage distribution) are derived analytically. Comparative statics are discussed by applying a linearized version of the model. The outcomes may be used to explain observed differences in wage and employment distributions in the US and Europe.
Accurate Offset Line Design of Doherty Amplifier With Compensation of Peaking Amplifier Phase Variation

Accurate offset line design of Doherty amplifier is investigated to compensate the phase variation of the carrier and peaking amplifiers. The offset line at the peaking amplifier not only blocks the power leakage to the peaking amplifier at the OFF-state, but also assists in the load modulation like the offset line at the carrier amplifier. However, with the conventional offset line, the load is not properly modulated due to the phase variation of the class C peaking amplifier. Since the offset lines at the carrier and peaking power amplifiers (PAs) properly eliminate the reactive parts during the Doherty load modulation, the offset lines can handle the phase variation also. To compensate the phase variation, additional lines are added at the carrier and peaking amplifiers for the proper load modulation. With the new offset line, the load of the peaking amplifier can be properly modulated and the efficiency at the high power region is increased. In addition, the efficiency at the low power region is also increased due to the larger load of the carrier amplifier at the power region. The enhanced performance is validated by the Doherty PA employing CGH40045 devices at 1.94 GHz, applying drain bias voltage of 50 V. For the long term evolution signal with a 6.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio, the Doherty amplifier with the new offset line delivers a drain/power-added efficiency of 57%/54.8% which is 3.5%/3.1% higher than that with the conventional offset line at an output power of 45.4 dBm with the linearity -48.3 dBc using digital predistortion linearization.
Efficiency Through Procrastination: Approximately Optimal Algorithm Configuration with Runtime Guarantees

Algorithm configuration methods have achieved much practical success, but to date have not been backed by meaningful performance guarantees. We address this gap with a new algorithm configuration framework, Structured Procrastination. With high probability and nearly as quickly as possible in the worst case, our framework finds an algorithm configuration that provably achieves near optimal performance. Further, its running time requirements asymptotically dominate those of existing methods.
A CRF Machine Learning Model Reinforced by Ontological Knowledge for Document Summarization

This research presents a very efficient machine learning method based on Conditional Random Fields (CRF) for the extraction of multi-document summaries. We have used the ontological knowledge to reinforce the semantics of the training set that has been created from the selection of the sentences carrying the greatest amount of information. These sentences have been obtained by applying the statistical technique Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on a tf * idf matrix terms by sentences extracted from a corpus of documents. From the identification of the first eigenvectors containing as much information as we used the Jaccard coefficient to find the similarity with sentences and identify important sentences labeled as '1' and the not important labeled as '0'. We have also defined a simple grammar and unigram, bigram and trigram sequences to create the feature functions. We have performed the evaluation of the model at 2 levels: evaluation of the obtained induction function through the metrics P, R, F_measure and ROC curve and evaluation of the obtained summary by applying the model with the ROUGE suite. The results are remarkable.
Design and software characterization of finFET based full adders

Adder is the most important arithmetic block that are used in all processors. Most of the logical circuits till today were designed using Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET’s). In order to reduce chip area, leakage power and to increase switching speed, MOSFET’s were continuously scaled down. Further scaling below 45nm, MOSFET’s suffers from Short Channel Effects (SCE’s) which leads to degraded performance of the device. Here the Performance of 28T and 16T MOSFET based 1-bit full adder cell is characterized and compared with FinFET based 28T and 16T 1-bit full adders at various technology nodes using HSPICE software. Results show that FinFET based full adder design gives better performance in terms of speed, power and reliability compared to MOSFET based full adder designs. Hence FinFET are promising candidates and better replacement for MOSFET.
Overexpression of Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A Ameliorates Mitochondrial Deficiencies and Cardiac Failure After Myocardial Infarction

Background—Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is decreased not only in mtDNA-mutation diseases but also in a wide variety of acquired degenerative and ischemic diseases. Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is essential for mtDNA transcription and replication. Myocardial mtDNA copy number and TFAM expression both decreased in cardiac failure. However, the functional significance of TFAM has not been established in this disease state. Methods and Results—We have now addressed this question by creating transgenic (Tg) mice that overexpress human TFAM gene and examined whether TFAM could protect the heart from mtDNA deficiencies and attenuate left ventricular (LV) remodeling and failure after myocardial infarction (MI) created by ligating the left coronary artery. TFAM overexpression could ameliorate the decrease in mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial complex enzyme activities in post-MI hearts. Survival rate during 4 weeks of MI was significantly higher in Tg-MI than in wild-type (WT) littermates (WT-MI), although infarct size was comparable. LV cavity dilatation and dysfunction were significantly attenuated in Tg-MI. LV end-diastolic pressure was increased in WT-MI, and it was also reduced in Tg-MI. Improvement of LV function in Tg-MI was accompanied by a decrease in myocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis, and interstitial fibrosis as well as oxidative stress in the noninfarcted LV. Conclusions—Overexpression of TFAM inhibited LV remodeling after MI. TFAM may provide a novel therapeutic strategy of cardiac failure.
Gamma power gradients in the parahippocampal gyri track human memory performance

The law of primacy asserts that the first new experience is better remembered than those that follow. Although this principle has been thoroughly documented at a behavioral level, relatively little is known about its neurophysiological basis. We addressed this question through an analysis of intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) data recorded while 70 neurosurgical patients studied and recalled lists of common words. Throughout the brain, we observed that power in low frequency bands (2–8 Hz) steadily increased as participants studied each new word in a list, whereas gamma power (28–100 Hz) gradually decreased. Relating these neural correlates with the behavioral primacy effect, we observed that gamma power gradients in bilateral parahippocampal gyri correlated with the strength of the primacy effect in our recall task. These results suggest a role for the human parahippocampal region in the enhanced encoding and maintenance of early list items.
Properly Folded Nonstructural Polyprotein Directs the Semliki Forest Virus Replication Complex to the Endosomal Compartment

ABSTRACT The late RNA synthesis in alphavirus-infected cells, generating plus-strand RNAs, takes place on cytoplasmic vacuoles (CPVs), which are modified endosomes and lysosomes. The cytosolic surface of CPVs consists of regular membrane invaginations or spherules, which are the sites of RNA synthesis (P. Kujala, A. Ikäheimonen, N. Ehsani, H. Vihinen, P. Auvinen, and L. Kääriäinen J. Virol. 75:3873-3884, 2001). To understand how CPVs arise, we have expressed the individual Semliki Forest virus (SFV) nonstructural proteins nsP1 to nsP4 in different combinations, as well as their precursor polyprotein P1234 and its cleavage intermediates. A complex of nsPs was obtained from P123 or P1234, indicating that the precursor stage is essential for the assembly of the polymerase complex. To prevent the processing of the polyprotein and its cleavage intermediates, constructs with the mutation C478A (designated with a superscript CA) in the active site of the protease domain of nsP2 were used. Uncleaved polyproteins containing nsP1 were membrane bound and palmitoylated, and those containing nsP3 were phosphorylated, reflecting properties of authentic nsP1 and nsP3, respectively. Similarly, polyproteins containing nsP1 or nsP2 had enzymatic activities specific for the individual proteins, indicating that they were correctly folded in the precursor state. Uncleaved P12CA was localized almost exclusively to the plasma membrane and filopodia, like nsP1 alone, whereas P12CA3 and P12CA34 were found on cytoplasmic vesicles, some of which contained late endosomal markers. In immunoelectron microscopy these vesicles resembled CPVs in SFV-infected cells. Our results indicate that the nsP1 domain alone is responsible for the membrane association of the nonstructural polyprotein, whereas the nsP1 domain together with the nsP3 domain targets it to the intracellular vesicles.
Resurgence of Regression Test Selection for C++

Regression testing – running available tests after each project change – is widely practiced in industry. Despite its widespread use and importance, regression testing is a costly activity. Regression test selection (RTS) optimizes regression testing by selecting only tests affected by project changes. RTS has been extensively studied and several tools have been deployed in large projects. However, work on RTS over the last decade has mostly focused on languages with abstract computing machines (e.g., JVM). Meanwhile development practices (e.g., frequency of commits, testing frameworks, compilers) in C++ projects have dramatically changed and the way we should design and implement RTS tools and the benefits of those tools is unknown. We present a design and implementation of an RTS technique, dubbed RTS++, that targets projects written in C++, which compile to LLVM IR and use the Google Test testing framework. RTS++ uses static analysis of a function call graph to select tests. RTS++ integrates with many existing build systems, including AutoMake, CMake, and Make. We evaluated RTS++ on 11 large open-source projects, totaling 3,811,916 lines of code. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest evaluation of an RTS technique for C++. We measured the benefits of RTS++ compared to running all available tests (i.e., retest-all). Our results show that RTS++ reduces the number of executed tests and end-to-end testing time by 88% and 61% on average.
Toward High-Performance Implementation of 5 G SCMA Algorithms

The recent evolution of mobile communication systems toward a 5G network is associated with the search for new types of non-orthogonal modulations such as Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA). Such modulations are proposed in response to demands for increasing the number of connected users. SCMA is a non-orthogonal multiple access technique that offers improved Bit Error Rate (BER) performance and higher spectral efficiency than other comparable techniques, but these improvements come at the cost of complex decoders. There are many challenges in designing near-optimum high throughput SCMA decoders. This paper explores means to enhance the performance of SCMA decoders. To achieve this goal, various improvements to the MPA algorithms are proposed. They notably aim at adapting SCMA decoding to the Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) paradigm. An approximate modeling of noise is performed to reduce the complexity of floating-point calculations. The effects of Forward Error Corrections (FEC) such as polar, turbo and LDPC codes, as well as different ways of accessing memory and improving power efficiency of modified MPAs are investigated. The results show that the throughput of a SCMA decoder can be increased by 3.1 to 21 times when compared to the original MPA on different computing platforms using the suggested improvements. INDEX TERMS 5G, BER, exponential estimations, Intel Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX), iterative multi-user detection, Knights Corner Instruction (KNCI), log-MPA, Maximum Likelihood (ML), Message Passing Algorithm (MPA), power efficiency, SCMA, Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD), Streaming SIMD Extension (SSE).
ASSESSMENT REPORT ON CASSIA SENNA L. AND CASSIA ANGUSTIFOLIA VAHL, FOLIUM

and without S9. Three separate in vivo micronucleus tests were performed with emodin. A male rate bone marrow micronucleus test, with emodin administerd by 3 intraperitoneal injections, gave negative results. Results of acute-exposure (intraperitoneal injection) micronucleus tests in bone marrow and peripheral blood erythrocytes of male and female mice were negative. In a peripheral blood micronucleus test on mice from the 14-week study, negative results were seen in male mice, but a weakly positive response was observed in similarly exposed females.
Device with Force / Torque Sensing Capability Position / Force Control Using a 6-axis Compliance

In this paper, the position/force control algorithm using a 6-axis compliance device with force/torque sensing capability is investigated. Differently from the traditional methods using strain gage-type force/torque sensor with very small compliance, this control method uses a compliance device to provide enough compliance between robot and rigid environment. This control method is to simply control the position of a working robot’s end-effector with the total twist of compliance in (13). The position/force control algorithm and control hardware system are developed. A simple design method of a compliance device with diagonal stiffness matrix is presented. The effectiveness has been verified through position/force control experiments.
Towards Input Device Satisfaction Through Hand Anthropometry

We collected the hand anthropometric data of 91 respondents to come up with a Filipino-based measurement to determine the suitability of an input device for a digital equipment, the standard PC keyboard. For correlation purposes, we also collected other relevant information like age, height, province of origin, and gender, among others. We computed the percentiles for each finger to classify various finger dimensions and identify length-specific anthropometric cut-points. We compared the percentiles of each finger dimension against the actual length of the longest key combinations when correct finger placement is used for typing, to determine whether the standard PC keyboard is fit for use by our sampled population. Our analysis shows that the members of the population with hand dimensions at extended position below 75th percentile and at 99th percentile are the ones who would most likely not reach the longest key combination for the left and the right hands, respectively. Using machine vision and image processing techniques, we automated the anthropometric process and compared the accuracy of its measurements to that of manual process'. We compared the measurement generated by our automated anthropometric process with the measurements using the manual one and we found out that they have a very minimal absolute difference. The data collected from this study could be used in other studies such as determining a good design for mobile and other handheld devices, or input devices other than keyboard. The automated method that we developed could be used to easily measure hand dimensions given a digital image of the hand and could be extended for measuring the entire human body for various other applications.
Hybrid Algorithm for Detection of Moving Object

Motion detection is the process of detecting a change in position of an object relative to its surrounding or the change in the surroundings relative to an object. Detecting the moving objects relative to the whole image is the major task of it. Detecting moving objects is the foundation of other advanced applications, such as target tracking, targets classification and target behavior understanding. Input video sequence is given to the background subtraction model which updates background continuously. Here median filter and morphological operation is also done to remove the noise from the background. After doing this foreground is extracted from the video scene. After extracting the foreground, applied optical flow method and do analysis of motion vector of object. After motion vector analysis, calculate the threshold value using mean, standard deviation etc. After doing this detection of moving object is extracted from video scene. This both methods give better accuracy of object detection.
Desalination and Water Treatment 57 ( 2016 ) 4741 – 4748 Marchwww

Membrane biofouling is an acute problem that interferes with filtration and pressure-driven desalination processes. In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) and membrane bioreactor (MBR) system were examined for their potential use in the removal of organic matter from seawater as pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. The study showed that MBR treatment equipped with UF decreases total organic carbon, polysaccharides, and biofouling potential of RO membrane in comparison to feed seawater after UF treatment alone. Bacteria in the feed water and in the MBR system were characterized. The most abundant heterotrophic bacteria nourished from organic substances present in the MBR system belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria classes increased from ~40% in seawater to ~60% in the MBR. These results indicate that pretreatment using a seawater MBR system can improve RO feed water quality and reduce the biofouling potential of RO membranes.
Fourier Series , the DFT and Shape Modelling

This report provides an introduction to Fourier series, the discrete Fourier transform, complex geometry and Fourier descriptors for shape analysis. The content is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students who wish to learn about Fourier analysis in general, as well as its application to shape modelling and analysis. The theory is based on and borrows largely from the excellent book Konkret Analys [4], which is a Swedish text on complex analysis. 1 Fourier Analysis of Periodic Functions Fourier analysis is due to the French mathematician Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier who presented his theory in 1807 and again in 1812. His work shows how any function can be formulated as an infinite series of sines and cosines. The original paper did not get a warm welcome, mainly because of Fourier’s statement that an arbitrary function could be described as a trigonometric series. Also, the proof supplied was vague. Furthermore, other scientists, including Lagrange, Euler and Bernoulli, had contributed largely to the development of the Fourier transform. Nevertheless, Fourier analysis has seen much use and research over the last 200 years. An explanation for this is that sums of sines and cosines are simple to work with and commonly describe separate physical properties of a process. This text presents how Fourier analysis can be used to describe outlines of shapes in two dimensions. Starting from the definition of Fourier coefficients, the theory of discrete Fourier analysis is explained step by step. This gives the necessary background to properly understand how Fourier analysis can be used in shape analysis. 1.1 Euler’s Formula Trigonometric functions are commonly described by complex exponential functions. This seemingly complicates things, however, exponential functions have a number of advantages. For instance, they are compact and easy to integrate and
An AP-Centred Indoor Positioning System Combining Fingerprint Technique

Nowadays the indoor location context becomes an important element in a number of real applications. Use of WiFi signals to fulfil the location detection of WiFi-enabled devices is a promising approach. In this paper an AP (Access Point)- centred indoor positioning system is proposed to address some common concerns in the conventional MH (Mobile Handheld)-based positioning system, such as excessive involvement of MH, in particular for scenarios of positioning multiple MHs simultaneously. Meanwhile the popularly-used fingerprint technique is combined into the AP-centred architecture to achieve higher positioning accuracy. The proposed system is fully designed, implemented and tested in a real-world deployment. In the environment covered by the APs running the proposed system, the location of the WiFi-enabled MHs appearing in this environment can be computed by a positioning server without disturbing MHs. The accuracy of positioning result obtained from the AP- centred positioning system is evaluated in comparison with a traditional MH-based system in the real experiments. The proposed AP-centred system shows not only the feasibility of AP-centred positioning but also better performance on positioning accuracy and energy consumption of MH.
The Factors That Influence Trust and Confidence in the Halal Food Information Sources and Institutions in Malaysia

This paper explored the factors that influence trust and confidence in the halal food information sources and institutions in Malaysia. A survey involving 151 participants was used. A Kruskal–Wallis test indicated that there was a significant difference in trust in information sources for halal food, between the information sources groups. Mann–Whitney U-tests indicated that IIUM respondents trusted Independent information sources more than media and commercials sources. Muslims are more trusted over media and commercial sources. However, there was no significant difference between commercial and media and commercial sources, Independent information sources and Muslim sources. But, there was a significant difference between Independent information sources and commercial sources, Muslim and commercial sources. These results suggest that Students of the respondents have a high degree of trust in the information sources regarding halal food in Malaysia. They really have confidence in the local institutions regulating and related to halal food industries and a moderate confidence in foreign institutions.