Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A hyperdynamic H 3 . 3 nucleosome marks promoter regions in pluripotent embryonic stem cells

Histone variants and their chaperones are key regulators of eukaryotic transcription, and are critical for normal development. The histone variant H3.3 has been shown to play important roles in pluripotency and differentiation, and although its genome-wide patterns have been investigated, little is known about the role of its dynamic turnover in transcriptional regulation. To elucidate the role of H3.3 dynamics in embryonic stem cell (ESC) biology, we generated mouse ESC lines carrying a single copy of a doxycycline (Dox)-inducible HA-tagged version of H3.3 and monitored the rate of H3.3 incorporation by ChIPseq at varying time points following Dox induction, before and after RA-induced differentiation. Comparing H3.3 turnover profiles in ESCs and RA-treated cells, we identified a hyperdynamic H3.3-containing nucleosome at the −1 position in promoters of genes expressed in ESCs. This dynamic nucleosome is restricted and shifted downstream into the +1 position following differentiation. We suggest that histone turnover dynamics provides an additional mechanism involved in expression regulation, and that a hyperdynamic −1 nucleosome marks promoters in ESCs. Our data provide evidence for regional regulation of H3.3 turnover in ESC promoters, and calls for testing, in high resolution, the dynamic behavior of additional histone variants and other structural
Phosphorylation of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) links energy sensing to anti-inflammatory signaling

The energy-sensing pathway kinase AMPK inhibits proinflammatory JAK1 signaling. New uses for AMPK activators Inflammatory cytokines stimulate the JAK-STAT pathway and promote cell survival and migration in hematopoietic cells. Chronic or excessive inflammation also contributes to diseases. Drugs that activate the kinase AMPK, such as salicylate and the diabetes drug metformin, have anti-inflammatory effects. Rutherford et al. found that AMPK phosphorylates JAK, inhibiting JAK-mediated STAT activation in vascular endothelial cells exposed to IL-6. Pharmacological activation of AMPK suppressed JAK-STAT signaling in cells expressing a JAK1 mutant associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). JAK inhibitors have had limited success in patients. Thus, the findings not only identify JAK1 as a substrate for AMPK in its anti-inflammatory function but also suggest that metformin might be repurposed to inhibit JAK-STAT signaling in patients with ALL and, perhaps, other inflammatory diseases. Adenosine 5′-monophosphate–activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal regulator of metabolism at cellular and organismal levels. AMPK also suppresses inflammation. We found that pharmacological activation of AMPK rapidly inhibited the Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway in various cells. In vitro kinase assays revealed that AMPK directly phosphorylated two residues (Ser515 and Ser518) within the Src homology 2 domain of JAK1. Activation of AMPK enhanced the interaction between JAK1 and 14-3-3 proteins in cultured vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts, an effect that required the presence of Ser515 and Ser518 and was abolished in cells lacking AMPK catalytic subunits. Mutation of Ser515 and Ser518 abolished AMPK-mediated inhibition of JAK-STAT signaling stimulated by either the sIL-6Rα/IL-6 complex or the expression of a constitutively active V658F-mutant JAK1 in human fibrosarcoma cells. Clinically used AMPK activators metformin and salicylate enhanced the inhibitory phosphorylation of endogenous JAK1 and inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation in primary vascular endothelial cells. Therefore, our findings reveal a mechanism by which JAK1 function and inflammatory signaling may be suppressed in response to metabolic stress and provide a mechanistic rationale for the investigation of AMPK activators in a range of diseases associated with enhanced activation of the JAK-STAT pathway.
Design and Control of Autonomous Wind–Solar System With DFIG Feeding 3-Phase 4-Wire Loads

This paper presents the design, control, and experimental investigation of an autonomous wind–solar hybrid energy system feeding 3-phase 4-wire loads. The wind energy block consisting of a double fed induction generator (DFIG) is equipped with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm. The control of DFIG consists of two converters, namely rotor side converter (RSC) and load side converter (LSC) connected back to back at dc link. The MPPT operation requires speed control, which is realized using field oriented control through RSC. The rotor position required for vector control is estimated with model reference and adaptive system algorithm. The voltage and frequency control is realized through LSC. The solar photovoltaic (PV) power is extracted using a dc–dc boost converter to the common dc link. The dc–dc converter is also equipped with MPPT algorithm to extract maximum power from the incident irradiance. The system is modeled in MATLAB and its performance is presented at conditions, e.g., unbalanced nonlinear load, varying wind speeds, and solar irradiation. Under all these conditions, currents flowing through stator windings of DFIG are balanced with low total harmonics distortion (THD). The THDs of load voltages under all operating conditions are also within requirement of IEEE 519 standard. Finally, simulated results are validated experimentally by developing a prototype of the system using a 5-kW solar array simulator and a 3.7-kW DFIG.
Output Feedback-Based Boundary Control of Uncertain Coupled Semilinear Parabolic PDE Using Neurodynamic Programming

In this paper, neurodynamic programming-based output feedback boundary control of distributed parameter systems governed by uncertain coupled semilinear parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) under Neumann or Dirichlet boundary control conditions is introduced. First, Hamilton-Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation is formulated in the original PDE domain and the optimal control policy is derived using the value functional as the solution of the HJB equation. Subsequently, a novel observer is developed to estimate the system states given the uncertain nonlinearity in PDE dynamics and measured outputs. Consequently, the suboptimal boundary control policy is obtained by forward-in-time estimation of the value functional using a neural network (NN)-based online approximator and estimated state vector obtained from the NN observer. Novel adaptive tuning laws in continuous time are proposed for learning the value functional online to satisfy the HJB equation along system trajectories while ensuring the closed-loop stability. Local uniformly ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is verified by using Lyapunov theory. The performance of the proposed controller is verified via simulation on an unstable coupled diffusion reaction process.
Creation of a multi-metric index for describing the environmental integrity of

Introduction The City of Austin’s Watershed Protection Department strives to protect the water quality in Austin area watersheds. Austin creeks have been monitored for years through the Environmental The Austin Lake Index (ALI) was designed to provide a yearly assessment of the environmental integrity of Lake Austin, Lady Bird Lake, and Lake Long. Sub-indices used to compute the ALI include representative measures of water quality, sediment quality, habitat quality, diversity/cover/% exotic aquatic vegetation, aquatic life health, and degree of eutrophication. The water quality and sediment indices are reliable metrics also used in Environmental Integrity Index (EII) calculations for Austin streams. The calculations of habitat and aquatic life scores from the EII were modified to better explain the biological integrity of the lentic (lake) rather than lotic (stream) habitat. The aquatic vegetation sub-index and the eutrophication sub-index use survey data describing measures of the plant and algal communities on each lake. Samples are collected throughout the year at several locations within each lake in order to obtain a more accurate representation of the lake in a given year. First year results of the Austin Lake Index did not show differences in the overall health of each lake. The individual subindices showed much greater variability between the lakes. Lake Austin obtained the highest score in the water quality sub-index. Sediment, habitat, and aquatic vegetation sub-indices were highest in Lake Long, while the aquatic life and eutrophication subindices were highest in Lady Bird Lake. The Austin Lake Index was developed from the local data available for Lake Austin, Lady Bird Lake and Lake Long; therefore, it should provide the City a comprehensive regional assessment tool for detection and communication of environmental change in these lakes. It should also allow for prioritization of water quality needs on each lake and provide an easily understood representation of each lake to the general public.
Present Status and Future Challenges of New Therapeutic Targets in Preclinical Models of Stroke in Aged Animals with/without Comorbidities

The aging process, comorbidities, and age-associated diseases are closely dependent on each other. Cerebral ischemia impacts a wide range of systems in an age-dependent manner. However, the aging process has many facets which are influenced by the genetic background and epigenetic or environmental factors, which can explain why some people age differently than others. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify age-related changes in body functions or structures that increase the risk for stroke and which are associated with a poor outcome. Multimodal imaging, electrophysiology, cell biology, proteomics, and transcriptomics, offer a useful approach to link structural and functional changes in the aging brain, with or without comorbidities, to post-stroke rehabilitation. This can help us to improve our knowledge about senescence firstly, and in this context, aids in elucidating the pathophysiology of age-related diseases that allows us to develop therapeutic strategies or prevent diseases. These processes, including potential therapeutical interventions, need to be studied first in relevant preclinical models using aged animals, with and without comorbidities. Therefore, preclinical research on ischemic stroke should consider age as the most important risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, the identification of effective therapeutic strategies, corroborated with successful translational studies, will have a dramatic impact on the lives of millions of people with cerebrovascular diseases.
Extensive Microsatellite Variation in Rice Induced by Introgression from Wild Rice (Zizania latifolia Griseb.)

Background It is widely accepted that interspecific hybridization may induce genomic instability in the resultant hybrids. However, few studies have been performed on the genomic analysis of homoploid hybrids and introgression lines. We have reported previously that by introgressive hybridization, a set of introgression lines between rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wild rice (Zizania latifolia Griseb.) was successfully generated, and which have led to the release of several cultivars. Methodology Using 96 microsatellite markers located in the nuclear and organelle genomes of rice, we investigated microsatellite stability in three typical introgression lines. Expression of a set of mismatch repair (MMR) genes and microsatellite-containing genes was also analyzed. Results/Conclusions Compared with the recipient rice cultivar (Matsumae), 55 of the 96 microsatellite loci revealed variation in one or more of the introgression lines, and 58.2% of the altered alleles were shared by at least two lines, indicating that most of the alterations had occurred in the early stages of introgression before their further differentiation. 73.9% of the non-shared variations were detected only in one introgression line, i.e. RZ2. Sequence alignment showed that the variations included substitutions and indels that occurred both within the repeat tracts and in the flanking regions. Interestingly, expression of a set of MMR genes altered dramatically in the introgression lines relative to their rice parent, suggesting participation of the MMR system in the generation of microsatellite variants. Some of the altered microsatellite loci are concordant with changed expression of the genes harboring them, suggesting their possible cis-regulatory roles in controlling gene expression. Because these genes bear meaningful homology to known-functional proteins, we conclude that the introgression-induced extensive variation of microsatellites may have contributed to the novel phenotypes in the introgression lines.
Effect of Process Parameters on the Microstructure of Semi-solid ZL101 Aluminum Alloy

Aluminum alloy is the important alloy which has been widely used. To reduce waste, it is necessary to thixoform these alloys in near net shape. Semi-solid slurry is the key in process. In this work, the semi-solid slurry of ZL101 aluminum alloy was prepared by using serpentine channel. Effect of process parameters on the microstructure of semi-solid ZL101 aluminum alloy produced by serpentine channel was investigated. The results show that, the morphology of primary α-Al grains transformed from rosette to spheroid with decreasing pouring temperature. Satisfied semi-solid slurry of ZL101 aluminum alloy was prepared with pouring at 630°C to 670°C. Increasing curve number can improve the morphology of primary α-Al grain and decrease grain size with same pouring temperature. Desired slurry can be obtained with the lower pouring temperature when serpentine channel is preheated. It can make the primary nucleus gradually evolve into spherical and near-spherical grains with the effect of “self-stirring” in serpentine channel and chilling.
Breast Milk Lipidome Is Associated with Early Growth Trajectory in Preterm Infants

Human milk is recommended for feeding preterm infants. The current pilot study aims to determine whether breast-milk lipidome had any impact on the early growth-pattern of preterm infants fed their own mother’s milk. A prospective-monocentric-observational birth-cohort was established, enrolling 138 preterm infants, who received their own mother’s breast-milk throughout hospital stay. All infants were ranked according to the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge. Then, we selected infants who experienced “slower” (n = 15, −1.54 ± 0.42 Z-score) or “faster” (n = 11, −0.48 ± 0.19 Z-score) growth; as expected, although groups did not differ regarding gestational age, birth weight Z-score was lower in the “faster-growth” group (0.56 ± 0.72 vs. −1.59 ± 0.96). Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry lipidomic signatures combined with multivariate analyses made it possible to identify breast-milk lipid species that allowed clear-cut discrimination between groups. Validation of the selected biomarkers was performed using multidimensional statistical, false-discovery-rate and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) tools. Breast-milk associated with faster growth contained more medium-chain saturated fatty acid and sphingomyelin, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA)-containing phosphethanolamine, and less oleic acid-containing triglyceride and DGLA-oxylipin. The ability of such biomarkers to predict early-growth was validated in presence of confounding clinical factors but remains to be ascertained in larger cohort studies.
Corticosterone Production during Repeated Social Defeat Causes Monocyte Mobilization from the Bone Marrow, Glucocorticoid Resistance, and Neurovascular Adhesion Molecule Expression

Repeated social defeat (RSD) stress promotes the release of bone marrow-derived monocytes into circulation that are recruited to the brain, where they augment neuroinflammation and cause prolonged anxiety-like behavior. Physiological stress activates the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis, and both of these systems play a role in the physiological, immunological, and behavioral responses to stress. The purpose of this study was to delineate the role of HPA activation and corticosterone production in the immunological responses to stress in male C57BL/6 mice. Here, surgical (adrenalectomy) and pharmacological (metyrapone) interventions were used to abrogate corticosterone signaling during stress. We report that both adrenalectomy and metyrapone attenuated the stress-induced release of monocytes into circulation. Neither intervention altered the production of monocytes during stress, but both interventions enhanced retention of these cells in the bone marrow. Consistent with this observation, adrenalectomy and metyrapone also prevented the stress-induced reduction of a key retention factor, CXCL12, in the bone marrow. Corticosterone depletion with metyrapone also abrogated the stress-induced glucocorticoid resistance of myeloid cells. In the brain, these corticosterone-associated interventions attenuated stress-induced microglial remodeling, neurovascular expression of the adhesion molecule intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, prevented monocyte accumulation and neuroinflammatory signaling. Overall, these results indicate that HPA activation and corticosterone production during repeated social defeat stress are critical for monocyte release into circulation, glucocorticoid resistance of myeloid cells, and enhanced neurovascular cell adhesion molecule expression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Recent studies of stress have identified the presence of monocytes that show an exaggerated inflammatory response to immune challenge and are resistant to the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids. Increased presence of these proinflammatory monocytes has been implicated in neuropsychiatric symptoms and the development of chronic cardiovascular, autoimmune, and metabolic disorders. In the current study, we show novel evidence that corticosterone produced during stress enhances the release of proinflammatory monocytes from the bone marrow into circulation, augments their recruitment to the brain and the induction of a neuroinflammatory profile. Overproduction of corticosterone during stress is also the direct cause of glucocorticoid resistance, a key phenotype in individuals exposed to chronic stress. Inhibiting excess corticosterone production attenuates these inflammatory responses to stress.
Chaos MIMO-based downlink non-orthogonal multiple access scheme with physical layer security

Recently, owing to the rapid increase of wireless traffic on smartphones and tablets, higher-capacity wireless communication systems have been developed. The non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme has been studied as one of the potential solutions. In addition to the need for higher capacity, the demand for secure wireless transmission has also grown. To meet these requirements, we propose a chaos multiple-input multiple-output (C-MIMO) scheme that realizes both physical layer security and channel coding gain. In this paper, we apply the principle of C-MIMO to the NOMA scheme, and propose a chaos NOMA scheme that achieves higher-capacity, enabling a secure downlink wireless communication system. By performing numerical simulations, we show that compared to conventional power-domain NOMA schemes, we obtain improved performances and the physical layer security effect by introducing the C-MIMO principle into NOMA. In addition, we show that the throughput enhancement is obtained in the proposed scheme compared to previously proposed chaos orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (C-OFDMA) scheme.
How the Taiwanese Do China Studies: Applications of Text Mining

With the rapid evolution of cross-strait situation, "Mainland China" as a subject of social science study has evoked the voice of "Rethinking China Study" among intelligentsia recently. This essay tried to apply an automatic content analysis tool (CATAR) to the journal "Mainland China Studies" (1998-2015) in order to observe the research trends based on the clustering of text from the title and abstract of each paper in the journal. The results showed that the 473 articles published by the journal were clustered into seven salient topics. From the publication number of each topic over time (including "volume of publications", "percentage of publications"), there are two major topics of this journal while other topics varied over time widely. The contribution of this study includes: 1. We could group each "independent" study into a meaningful topic, as a small scale experiment verified that this topic clustering is feasible. 2. This essay reveals the salient research topics and their trends for the Taiwan journal "Mainland China Studies". 3. Various topical keywords were identified, providing easy access to the past study. 4. The yearly trends of the identified topics could be viewed as signature of future research directions.
Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection in early cases of mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine and evaluation of diagnostic assays

A pneumonia micoplasmica causada por bacterias do genero Mycoplasma e uma enfermidade de grande importância para industria suinicola, sendo ainda controverso o papel desempenhado pelo Mycoplasma hyorhinis nessa doenca. A confirmacao da presenca dessas bacterias bem como a identificacao de seus papeis em doencas respiratorias continua sendo um grande desafio. Os objetivos desse estudo foram comparar diferentes tecnicas, em especial a de hibridizacao fluorescente in situ (FISH), para diagnostico de micoplasmoses respiratoria em suinos naturalmente infectados e avaliar a presenca do M. hyorhinis em casos precoces de pneumonia micoplasmica. Foram utilizadas 90 amostras de tecido pulmonar infectado para cada um ou ambos os agentes (M. hyopneumoniae e M. hyorhinis) determinados pelo mosaico de diagnostico (sinais clinicos, lesoes macroscopicas e microscopicas e pela PCR). No grupo de animais positivos pela PCR apenas para M. hyorhinis (Grupo 2) a media da idade foi de 57,32 dias e no grupo apenas positivo para M. hyopneumoniae (Grupo 1) a media foi de 116,31 dias (P<0,01). Estes achados sugerem que a colonizacao e o aparecimento de lesoes causadas pelo M. hyorhinis seja mais precoce do que aquelas causadas pelo M. hyopneumoniae. As alteracoes microscopicas foram estatisticamente (P<0,01) mais intensas no grupo 1 do que no grupo 2. Usando o mosaico de diagnostico como padrao ouro, a sensibilidade e especificidade na FISH para M. hyopneumoniae foi de 75 e 100%, respectivamente, e 40 e 73,3%, na imuno-histoquimica. A sensibilidade e especificidade da FISH para M. hyorhinis foi de 76,7 e 100%. Esses valores demonstram que a FISH pode ser uma ferramenta util para diagnostico de micoplasmoses. Foi detectado a presenca de agentes virais (PCV2 ou influenza) em 53,3% das amostras do grupo 2 (M. hyorhinis) e em 13,3% das amostras do grupo 1 (M. hyopneumoniae).
Initial development of the Meaningful Learning with Technology Scale (MeLTS) for high-school students

ABSTRACT With the rapid developments in emerging technologies and the emphasis on technologies in learning environments, the connection between technologies and meaningful learning has strengthened. Developing an understanding of the components of meaningful learning with technology is pivotal, as this may enable educators to make more informed decisions about classroom interventions and pedagogies for the effective use of technologies to foster learning. The main aim of this study was therefore to address the research gap in exploring the components involved in meaningful learning with technology through the development of the Meaningful Learning with Technology Scale (MeLTS) instrument, developed to assess high-school students’ understanding of meaningful learning and the specific roles of technologies in learning. The results obtained from exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis support the nine-factor structure of MeLTS.