Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Case for Readability of Crisis Communications in Social Media

The readability of text documents has been studied from a linguistic perspective long before people began to regularly communicate via Internet technologies. Typically, such studies look at books or articles containing many paragraphs and pages. However, the readability of short messages comprising a few sentences, common on today's social networking sites and microblogging services, has received less attention from researchers working on "readability". Emergency management specialists, crisis response practitioners, and scholars have long recognized that clear communication is essential during crises. To the best of our knowledge, the work we present here is the first to study the readability of crisis communications posted on Twitter-by governments, non-governmental organizations, and mainstream media. The data we analyze is comprised of hundreds of tweets posted during 15 different crises in English-speaking countries, which happened between 2012 and 2013. We describe factors which negatively affect comprehension, and consider how understanding can be improved. Based on our analysis and observations, we conclude with several recommendations for how to write brief crisis messages on social media that are clear and easy to understand.
Title: Ipsilateral Eye Cortical Maps Are Uniquely Sensitive to Binocular Plasticity Running Title: Ipsilateral Eye Maps Are Uniquely Plastic

In the cerebral cortex, neuronal circuits are first laid down by intrinsic mechanisms and then refined by experience. In the canonical model, this refinement is driven by activity-dependent competition between inputs for some limited cortical resource. Here we examine this idea in the mouse visual cortex, at the peak of the critical period for experience-dependent plasticity. By imaging intrinsic optical responses, we mapped the strength and size of each eye's cortical representation in normal mice, mice that had been deprived of patterned vision unilaterally or bilaterally, and in mice in which the contralateral eye had been removed. We find that for both eyes, a period of visual deprivation results in a loss of cortical responsiveness to stimulation through the deprived eye. In addition, the ipsilateral eye pathway is affected by the quality of vision through the opposite eye. Our findings indicate that while both contralateral and ipsilateral eye pathways require visual experience for their maintenance, ipsilateral eye projections bear an additional, unique sensitivity to binocular interactions.
Development of Third Order Particle Swarm Optimization and Verification of its Performance with Various Test Functions

The particle swarm optimization is one of well known algorithms in the world with its performance and easy implementation. This algorithm is used for finding optimal values or regions of multi-dimension spaces throughout the interaction of each particle positions and its values. Originally, the PSO has two factors such as position and velocity vectors which are sources of next positions for particles, respectively. However, in order to reach optimal regions quickly, accurately and even closely, we present a new third order particle swarm optimization which has three vectors: i.e. a position vector, a velocity vector and an acceleration vector. From the proposed PSO, we obtain a third order difference equation and we will derive the convergence region for four parameters from the equation which Its performance behavior is far different from original with its convergence regions. By setting four appropriate parameters near or out of the convergence region with the proposed PSO algorithm, we test various basic 6 benchmark functions and make comparison between the new third order PSO and in terms of the original PSO. Results from simulations clearly show that the proposed algorithm has better performance and faster convergence speed rather than the original PSO.
Retinal Images Analyzer †

A software application is presented, for the detection and measurement of retinal vessels in fundoscopy images. This software is comprised by a measurement module and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) module. The measurement module employs image processing methods and operates in batch mode, to segment retinal vessels in the input image. In addition, the measurement module estimates the diameters of the imaged vessels along their spatial extent in the image, based on the above segmentation. The user interface module provides methods for the automatic and interactive measurement of vessel diameters at points and regions of interest. Moreover, it provides methods for editing the vessel representation, in order to recover from segmentation errors. These two modules are integrated into a medical application. In turn, this application increases the automation of a number of vessel measurement protocols, which are of interest to medical professionals.
Throughput Analysis of Symmetric Algorithms

------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT ------------------------------------------------------------------ Today’s world, for secure data transmission via Internet or any public network, there is no alternative to cryptography. The role of cryptography is most important in the field of network security. In this paper, we compare the various cryptographic algorithms. On the basis of parameter taken as time various cryptographic algorithms are evaluated on different audio and video files. Different audio and video files are having different processing speed on which various size of file are processed. Calculation of time for encryption and decryption in different audio and video file format such as . vob, . mp3 and . DAT, having file size for audio 1 MB to 10MB and for video 1MB to 1100MB respectively. Encryption processing time and decryption processing time are compared between various cryptographic algorithms which come out to be not too much. Overall time depend on the corresponding file size. Throughput analysis also done.
Re-encryption Optimization in CP-ABE Based Cryptographic Cloud Storage

Nowadays, more and more customers begin to use the cryptographic cloud storage for protecting their data security. But the re-encryption caused by revocation is a sure performance killer in such a cryptographic access control system. We propose a novel scheme to reduce the consumption of the re-encryption process. This scheme is built on a series of cryptographic algorithms. The original data is split into several slices and these slices are published to the cloud storage. After a revocation occurs, we re-encrypt only one slice instead of the whole data. The comparison between our scheme and original one shows that the optimized scheme can reduce the costs of re-encryption significantly.
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF SOUTH AFRICAN SUGARCANE WHITE GRUBS (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)

Abstract Several species of white grub are known to attack sugarcane in South Africa, many of which have not been identified. Correct identification of species is essential to develop sound control tactics. Morphological identification of larvae and adults is possible, but it is often difficult to link adults and larvae of the same species because of their distinct morphological differences. Complementary molecular diagnostic techniques are useful to match adults to larvae of the same species. A molecular analysis of the cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) region of the mitochondrial genome was conducted on populations of white grub larvae and adults from various parts of the sugarcane growing regions. Results presented show it is possible to link larvae collected from soil in sugarcane fields with adults of the same species from light trap catches. Keywords: Scarabaeidae, white grubs, mitochondrial DNA, COI, sugarcane, taxonomy Introduction Since the mid-1980s, sugarcane damage by scarabaeid (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae has become prevalent in certain areas of the sugar industry, initiating investigations into their pest status, economic impact and control measures (Mansfield, 2004). In South Africa the pest species associated with sugarcane belong to the families Melolonthidae, Rutelidae, Dynastidae and Cetoniidae (Scholtz and Holm, 1996). Most of these scarabaeids, with the exception of one species,
Joint IMM and Coupled PDA to track closely spaced targets and to avoid track coalescence

For the problem of tracking closely spaced targets from possibly false and missing observations, the paper studies combinations of IMM and PDA where both the IMM step and the PDA step is performed jointly over all targets. The resulting filter algorithms are referred to as Joint IMM Coupled PDA (JIMMCPDA) and track-coalescence-avoiding Joint IMM Coupled PDA (JIMMCPDA*). Through Monte Carlo simulations these novel algorithms are compared to IMMPDA, IMMJPDA, IMMJPDA* and particle filtering implementation of the exact Bayesian filter equation.
Gender biases in impressions from faces: Empirical studies and computational models.

Trustworthiness and dominance impressions summarize trait judgments from faces. Judgments on these key traits are negatively correlated to each other in impressions of female faces, implying less differentiated impressions of female faces. Here we test whether this is true across many trait judgments and whether less differentiated impressions of female faces originate in different facial information used for male and female impressions or different evaluation of the same information. Using multidimensional rating datasets and data-driven modeling, we show that (a) impressions of women are less differentiated and more valence-laden than impressions of men and find that (b) these impressions are based on similar visual information across face genders. Female face impressions were more highly intercorrelated and were better explained by valence (Study 1). These intercorrelations were higher when raters more strongly endorsed gender stereotypes. Despite the gender difference, male and female impression models-derived from separate trustworthiness and dominance ratings of male and female faces-were similar to each other (Study 2). Further, both male and female models could manipulate impressions of faces of both genders (Study 3). The results highlight the high-level, evaluative effect of face gender in impression formation-women are judged negatively to the extent their looks do not conform to expectations, not because people use different facial information across genders but because people evaluate the information differently across genders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Top-k entity augmentation using consistent set covering

Entity augmentation is a query type in which, given a set of entities and a large corpus of possible data sources, the values of a missing attribute are to be retrieved. State of the art methods return a single result that, to cover all queried entities, is fused from a potentially large set of data sources. We argue that queries on large corpora of heterogeneous sources using information retrieval and automatic schema matching methods can not easily return a single result that the user can trust, especially if the result is composed from a large number of sources that user has to verify manually. We therefore propose to process these queries in a Top-k fashion, in which the system produces multiple minimal consistent solutions from which the user can choose to resolve the uncertainty of the data sources and methods used. In this paper, we introduce and formalize the problem of consistent, multi-solution set covering, and present algorithms based on a greedy and a genetic optimization approach. We then apply these algorithms to Web table-based entity augmentation. The publication further includes a Web table corpus with 100M tables, and a Web table retrieval and matching system in which these algorithms are implemented. Our experiments show that the consistency and minimality of the augmentation results can be improved using our set covering approach, without loss of precision or coverage and while producing multiple alternative query results.
Threat But Not Arousal Narrows Attention: Evidence from Pupil Dilation and Saccade Control

It has been shown that negative affect causes attentional narrowing. According to Easterbrook’s (1959) influential hypothesis this effect is driven by the withdrawal motivation inherent to negative emotions and might be related to increases in arousal. We investigated whether valence-unspecific increases in physiological arousal, as measured by pupil dilation, could account for attentional narrowing effects in a cognitive control task. Following the presentation of a negative, positive, or neutral picture, participants performed a saccade task with a pro-saccade versus an anti-saccade instruction. The reaction time difference between pro- and anti-saccades was used to index attentional selectivity, and while pupil diameter was used as an index of physiological arousal. Pupil dilation was observed for both negative and positive pictures, which indicates increased physiological arousal. However, increased attentional selectivity was only observed following negative pictures. Our data show that motivational intensity effects on attentional narrowing can occur independently of physiological arousal effects.
Identification of Four Novel Synonymous Substitutions in the X-Linked Genes Neuroligin 3 and Neuroligin 4X in Japanese Patients with Autistic Spectrum Disorder

Mutations in the X-linked genes neuroligin 3 (NLGN3) and neuroligin 4X (NLGN4X) were first implicated in the pathogenesis of X-linked autism in Swedish families. However, reports of mutations in these genes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients from various ethnic backgrounds present conflicting results regarding the etiology of ASD, possibly because of genetic heterogeneity and/or differences in their ethnic background. Additional mutation screening study on another ethnic background could help to clarify the relevance of the genes to ASD. We scanned the entire coding regions of NLGN3 and NLGN4X in 62 Japanese patients with ASD by polymerase chain reaction-high-resolution melting curve and direct sequencing analyses. Four synonymous substitutions, one in NLGN3 and three in NLGN4X, were identified in four of the 62 patients. These substitutions were not present in 278 control X-chromosomes from unrelated Japanese individuals and were not registered in the database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms build 132 or in the Japanese Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms database, indicating that they were novel and specific to ASD. Though further analysis is necessary to determine the physiological and clinical importance of such substitutions, the possibility of the relevance of both synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions with the etiology of ASD should be considered.
On-Line Inference Comparison with Markov Logic Network Engines for Activity Recognition in AAL Environments

We address possible solutions for a practical application of Markov Logic Networks to online activity recognition, based on domotic sensors, to be used for monitoring elderly with mild cognitive impairments. Our system has to provide responsive information about user activities throughout the day, so different inference engines are tested. We use an abstraction layer to gather information from commercial domotic sensors. Sensor events are stored using a non-relational database. Using this database, evidences are built to query a logic network about current activities. Markov Logic Networks are able to deal with uncertainty while keeping a structured knowledge. This makes them a suitable tool for ambient sensors based inference. However, in their previous application, inferences are usually made offline. Time is a relevant constrain in our system and hence logic networks are designed here accordingly. We compare in this work different engines to model a Markov Logic Network suitable for such circumstances. Results show some insights about how to design a low latency logic network and which kind of solutions should be avoided.
Error Mining with Suspicion Trees: Seeing the Forest for the Trees

In recent years, error mining approaches have been proposed to identify the most likely sources of errors in symbolic parsers and generators. However the techniques used generate a flat list of suspicious forms ranked by decreasing order of suspicion. We introduce a novel algorithm that structures the output of error mining into a tree (called, suspicion tree) highlighting the relationships between suspicious forms. We illustrate the impact of our approach by applying it to detect and analyse the most likely sources of failure in surface realisation; and we show how the suspicion tree built by our algorithm helps presenting the errors identified by error mining in a linguistically meaningful way thus providing better support for error analysis. The right frontier of the tree highlights the relative importance of the main error cases while the subtrees of a node indicate how a given error case divides into smaller more specific cases
A Novel Emergent State Control Law for an Integrated Helicopter/Turboshaft Engine System

A two-layer robust control scheme is proposed to get a better response ability for emergency maneuvers of helicopter. Note that the power used in ascending flight is the main coupling between helicopter and its turboshaft engines; therefore vertical flight control is separated from conventional helicopter control loops and combined with fuel flow and turbine bleeding to new control loops denoted as an inner layer, whereas the mission level flight control is as the out layer. A conclusion in global asymptotically tracking for devising this new scheme is firstly derived from a Generalized Gronwall-Bellman approach. Due to this integrated designing, not only is the helicopter better controlled, but also much better power rapid tracking is realized for engines. Simulations are conducted to validate the new scheme in emergent ascending and descending flights, and the results illustrate that the response time of the closed-loop system is dramatically reduced when compared to the traditional one. Moreover, the presented system also has better dynamic performance under inferences.
Nitrogen fixation and release of fixed nitrogen by Trichodesmium spp. in the Gulf of Mexico

During a 3‐yr study in the Gulf of Mexico, we measured dinitrogen (N2) fixation and nitrogen (N) release by Trichodesmium and compared these rates with water column N demand and the estimated N necessary to support blooms of Karenia brevis, a toxic dinoflagellate that severely affects the West Florida shelf. Net and gross N2 fixation rates were compared in simultaneous incubations using δ15N2 uptake and acetylene reduction, respectively. The difference between net and gross N2 fixation is assumed to be an approximation of the rate of N release. Results demonstrate that Trichodesmium in the Gulf of Mexico are fixing N2 at high rates and that an average of 52% of this recently fixed N2 is rapidly released. Calculations suggest that observed densities of Trichodesmium can provide enough N to support moderately sized K. brevis blooms. Based on other studies where δ15N2 and acetylene reduction were compared directly, it appears that N release from Trichodesmium is common but varies in magnitude among environments. In addition, carbon (C) and N‐based doubling times for Trichodesmium vary among studies and environments. Comparing gross N2 fixation and C fixation directly, C‐based doubling times exceeded N‐based doubling times, which suggests an imbalance in elemental turnover or a failure to fully quantify Trichodesmium N use.
k‐space undersampling in PROPELLER imaging

PROPELLER MRI (periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction) provides images with significantly fewer B0‐related artifacts than echo‐planar imaging (EPI), as well as reduced sensitivity to motion compared to conventional multiple‐shot fast spin‐echo (FSE). However, the minimum imaging time in PROPELLER is markedly longer than in EPI and 50% longer than in conventional multiple‐shot FSE. Often in MRI, imaging time is reduced by undersampling k‐space. In the present study, the effects of undersampling on PROPELLER images were evaluated using simulated and in vivo data sets. Undersampling using PROPELLER patterns with reduced number of samples per line, number of lines per blade, or number of blades per acquisition, while maintaining the same k‐space field of view (FOVk) and uniform sampling at the edges of FOVk, reduced imaging time but led to severe image artifacts. In contrast, undersampling by means of removing whole blades from a PROPELLER sampling pattern that sufficiently samples k‐space produced only minimal image artifacts, mainly manifested as blurring in directions parallel to the blades removed, even when reducing imaging time by as much as 50%. Finally, undersampling using asymmetric blades and taking advantage of Hermitian symmetries to fill‐in the missing data significantly reduced imaging time without causing image artifacts. Magn Reson Med 53:675–683, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Innovation theories: relevance and implications for developing country innovation

Innovation is at the basis of economic development and as such, it is instrumental for developing countries. We review the literature on innovation from the perspectives of four select branches of economics to build a conceptual framework of innovation applicable to developing countries. The conceptual framework includes insights from the surveyed literature and identifies areas of further research. Finally, we conclude with policy recommendations for innovation policies in developing countries highlighting the fact that intellectual property protection is not likely to be at the basis of innovation in these countries.
Identification and eradication of mosquito breeding sites using wireless networking and electromechanical technologies

Suppression of mosquito breeding is a mandatory first step to reduce the source of major mosquito-borne diseases like Malaria and Dengue fever. This paper deals with an innovative method for the identification of mosquito breeding sites (stagnant pools), using wireless networking technologies and removal of stagnant water through electromechanical pumping systems. The stagnant water areas are first identified and reported by public users using a web-based portal or using Short Message Service (SMS) through mobile phones. Based on the complaints stored in the database, a route via the stagnant sites is drawn on a map using a Geographic Information System (GIS). A vehicle carrying a Global Positioning system (GPS), on-board camera, and a pumping system with a tank for removing the stagnant water traverses the via points of stagnant pools. Finally, stagnant water is removed using a pumping system and stored in the onboard tank for emptying later. Results of the implementation of a proof-of-concept prototype system are reported, to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Gene silencing by lentivirus-mediated delivery of siRNA in human CD 34

http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/content/103/12/4511.full. html Updated information and services can be found at: (3094 articles) Hematopoiesis and Stem Cells  (1086 articles) Gene Expression  (1615 articles) Brief Reports  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following Blood collections http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#repub_requests Information about reproducing this article in parts or in its entirety may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/misc/rights.xhtml#reprints Information about ordering reprints may be found online at: http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary. org/site/subscriptions/index.xhtml Information about subscriptions and ASH membership may be found online at: