Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed expectation-based spatio-temporal cluster detection for pocket switched networks

Distributed cluster detection has been widely applied to the problem of efficient data delivery in Pocket Switched Networks (PSNs). However, previously proposed methods can become less efficient over long periods of time as more and more transient, pair-wise connections are used to form clusters which monotonically increase in size. Monotonically increasing clusters, also known as aggregated clusters, suffer an inevitable loss of temporal information. Thus cluster relevance to individual movement patterns at particular times is diminished. This paper applies expectation-based spatio-temporal clustering to the problem of data delivery in PSNs. We will show that spatio-temporal clusters can be detected distributively and can improve the data delivery efficiency by 7% and deliver 6% more packets compared to aggregated methods. Furthermore, 3 data delivery strategies which utilise spatio-temporal clusters are proposed.
BRIDGE: A Direct-Tree Hybrid N -Body Algorithm for Fully Self-Consistent Simulations of Star Clusters and Their Parent Galaxies

We developed a new direct-tree hybrid N -body algorithm for fully self-consistent N -body simulations of star clusters in their parent galaxies. In such simulations, star clusters need high accuracy, while galaxies need a fast scheme because of the large number of particles required to model it. In our new algorithm, the internal motion of the star cluster is calculated accurately using the direct Hermite scheme with individual timesteps, and all other motions are calculated using the tree code with a second-order leapfrog integrator. The direct and tree schemes are combined using an extension of the mixed variable symplectic (MVS) scheme. Thus, the Hamiltonian corresponding to everything other than the internal motion of the star cluster is integrated with the leapfrog, which is symplectic. Using this algorithm, we performed fully self-consistent N -body simulations of star clusters in their parent galaxy. The internal and orbital evolutions of the star cluster agreed well with those obtained using the direct scheme. We also performed fully self-consistent N -body simulation for large-N models (N = 2 � 10 6 ). In this case, the calculation speed was seven-times faster than what would be if the direct scheme was used.
What to Infer from a DescriptionTed

Recent work in identifying dependent collocations among consecutive words (i.e., dependent bigrams) has applied inferential statistical methods where descriptive ones may have been more appropriate and easier to use. In this paper we make the distinction between inferential and descriptive methods and discuss how and when each should be applied. Inferential methods are useful in that they allow one to generalize the results obtained from the analysis of a random data sample to a larger population. However, implicit in these methodologies are stringent requirements regarding the nature of the data sample. We show experimentally the eeect of not complying with these requirements in the context of dependent bigram identiication. We suggest that Fisher's exact test is the most appropriate test for making inferences from a random sample of bigram data since this test makes the fewest requirements regarding the nature of the data. When it is possible to exhaustively study a population then a descriptive approach is most appropriate. There is no need to infer the characteristics of a population when that population can be studied in its entirety. We introduce a new descriptive measure, minimum sensitivity, that can be used to identify dependent collocations in a population. Experimental results show that this descriptive measure compares favorably to previous approaches.
Family‐based SNP association study on 8q24 in bipolar disorder

Previous linkage studies have identified chromosome 8q24 as a promising positional candidate region to search for bipolar disorder (BP) susceptibility genes. We, therefore, sought to identify BP susceptibility genes on chromosome 8q24 using a family‐based association study of a dense panel of SNPs selected to tag the known common variation across the region of interest. A total of 1,458 SNPs across 16 Mb of 8q24 were examined in 3,512 subjects, 1,954 of whom were affected with BP, from 737 multiplex families. Single‐locus tests were carried out with FBAT and Geno‐PDT, and multi‐locus test were carried out with HBAT and multi‐locus Geno‐PDT. None of the SNPs were associated with BP in the single‐locus tests at a level that exceeded our threshold for study‐wide significance (P < 3.00 × 10−5). However, there was consistent evidence at our threshold for the suggestive level (P < 7.00 × 10−4) from both the single locus and multi‐locus tests of associations with SNPs in the genes ADCY8, ST3GAL1, and NSE2. Multi‐locus analyses suggested joint effects between ADCY8 and ST3GAL1 (P = 3.00 × 10−4), with at least one copy of the “high risk” allele required at both genes for association with BP, consistent with a jointly dominant–dominant model of action. These findings with ADCY8 and ST3GAL1 warrant further investigation in order to confirm the observed associations and their functional significance for BP susceptibility. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recovery from Neglect after Right Hemisphere Stroke

Favourable outcome after cerebrovascular stroke is associated with early admission to rehabilitation, small lesion size and minor cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to explore factors associated with the amelioration of neglect after right hemisphere stroke. Twenty-one consecutive eligible right hemisphere stroke patients in one rehabilitation center were assessed and followed for 6 months. The neglect syndrome was assessed by the conventional subtests of the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT) and by the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) before and after the 3-week rehabilitation and at 6-month follow-up. The manifestations of extinction, pusher syndrome and depression were evaluated. Recovery from neglect was strongly associated with early rehabilitation and the initial severity of neglect. Intensive treatment yielded recovery in severe or moderate visual neglect long after the first two to three months after stroke. Even chronic patients with sufficient cognitive and psychological capacity improved with intensive rehabilitation. Tactile extinction was common in these patients but was not associated with recovery. Manifestations of pusher syndrome hampered amelioration of visual neglect in acute and sub-acute stroke patients, whereas depression did not prevent recovery from neglect. Intensive rehabilitation promotes recovery from neglect in the acute phase after right hemisphere stroke. A comprehensive program later, in sub-acute or chronic phase, may also be effective especially in those patients who have not received intensive multi-professional rehabilitation soon after the stroke.
Bringing Up Baby : The Effects of Jealousy on the Desire to Have and Invest in Children

The present research uses insights from evolutionary psychology and social cognition to explore the relationship between jealousy—both experimentally activated and chronically accessible—on men’s and women’s desire to start a family and invest in children. In our first two studies, we found that chronically jealous men and women responded to primed infidelity threat by exhibiting a diminished interest in infants (Study 1) and reporting less happiness upon receiving pregnancy news (Study 2) relative to controls. Study 3 extended these results by examining the effects of jealousy on desired parental investment. Consistent with the proposed theoretical framework, chronically jealous men, but not women, respond to infidelity threat by decreasing their desired level of parental investment relative to controls. Together, these results provide novel empirical support for the hypothesis that jealousy functions to attenuate the reproductive costs associated with partner infidelity.
Comparative Study of Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Lamotrigine versus Levetiracetam in the Continuous Maintenance Phase of Patients with Bipolar Depressive Disorder

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depression, is a mental illness which causes extreme mood swings between mania (excessive euphoria) and depression. The objective of this study is to evaluate the spectrum of efficacy of Lamotrigine versus Levetiracetam as add on therapy comparatively in patient with bipolar depressive disorder who are inadequately responsive to or intolerant of pharmacotherapy with conventional drugs at Jabalpur and adjoining area. In this 60 days open label, randomized comparative study 60 patients were enrolled, out of which 53 patients were evaluated at the end of the study. Two parallel groups were differentiated by the study medication—Lamotrigine or Levetiracetam—that was administered as an adjunct to existing medications for bipolar depressive disorder (N=60). At baseline and every 15th days Mood symptoms were rated using the Hamilton depression scale and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale was used to measure overall clinical improvement at each visit. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study via patient-reported and investigator-observed adverse events by a standard verbal probe. Total 61% patients in Lamotrigine group had shown marked improvement on HAM-D (>50% reduction on day 60) while 33% patients in Levetiracetam group showed this level of improvement. On CGI-S clinically meaningful improvement (> 2 point decrease) was observed in 92.3% patients in Lamotrigine group, while 51.8% in Levetiracetam group. On comparison between these two drugs on the basis of HAM-D and CGI-S the difference was statistically significant (P value for HAM-D < 0.05 and for CGI-S< 0.025). The addition of either Lamotrigine or Levetiracetam to patients preexisting mood stabilizing regimen was associated with a reduction in the frequency of mood fluctuation. Evidence from this preliminary open-label study suggests that Lamotrigine was efficacious than Levetiracetam in reducing depressive symptoms in patients presenting with depressive phases of bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Lamotrigine and Levetiracetam were well tolerated, with adverse-event profiles and the most common adverse events in both treatment groups were Dizziness, Headache and Somnolence.
First Glycoside Hydrolase Family 2 Enzymes from Thermus antranikianii and Thermus brockianus with β-Glucosidase Activity

Two glycoside hydrolase encoding genes (tagh2 and tbgh2) were identified from different Thermus species using functional screening. Based on amino acid similarities, the enzymes were predicted to belong to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 2. Surprisingly, both enzymes (TaGH2 and TbGH2) showed twofold higher activities for the hydrolysis of nitrophenol-linked β-D-glucopyranoside than of -galactopyranoside. Specific activities of 3,966 U/mg for TaGH2 and 660 U/mg for TbGH2 were observed. In accordance, Km values for both enzymes were significantly lower when β-D-glucopyranoside was used as substrate. Furthermore, TaGH2 was able to hydrolyze cellobiose. TaGH2 and TbGH2 exhibited highest activity at 95 and 90°C at pH 6.5. Both enzymes were extremely thermostable and showed thermal activation up to 250% relative activity at temperatures of 50 and 60°C. Especially, TaGH2 displayed high tolerance toward numerous metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Zn2+), which are known as glycoside hydrolase inhibitors. In this study, the first thermoactive GH family 2 enzymes with β-glucosidase activity have been identified and characterized. The hydrolysis of cellobiose is a unique property of TaGH2 when compared to other enzymes of GH family 2. Our work contributes to a broader knowledge of substrate specificities in GH family 2.
The effects of diaries on self-regulation strategies of preservice science teachers

This study examined the effect of diaries on self-regulation strategies of the pre-service science teachers. The participants of the study were 60 pre-service science teachers, 30 of which were in the experimental and the remaining 30 were in the control group. The Pintrich’s self-regulation model was taken as a basis in the study. The Pintrich’s model of self-regulation includes 3 general categories of strategies: (a) cognitive learning strategies, (b) metacognitive or self-regulatory strategies to control cognition, and (c) resource management strategies. In the study, the pre-service science teachers in the experimental group reported the self-regulation strategies they used for daily learning activities by writing the diary-report form for fourteen weeks. The data of the study were collected by the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire. At the end of the study, the intrinsic motivation, task value, metacognition, time management strategy usage status of the experimental group which reported their self-regulation strategies were significantly different from those of the control group.
Interactive Video Object Segmentation in the Wild

In this paper we present our system for human-in-the-loop video object segmentation. The backbone of our system is a method for one-shot video object segmentation. While fast, this method requires an accurate pixel-level segmentation of one (or several) frames as input. As manually annotating such a segmentation is impractical, we propose a deep interactive image segmentation method, that can accurately segment objects with only a handful of clicks. On the GrabCut dataset, our method obtains 90% IOU with just 3.8 clicks on average, setting the new state of the art. Furthermore, as our method iteratively refines an initial segmentation, it can effectively correct frames where the video object segmentation fails, thus allowing users to quickly obtain high quality results even on challenging sequences. Finally, we investigate usage patterns and give insights in how many steps users take to annotate frames, what kind of corrections they provide, etc., thus giving important insights for further improving interactive video segmentation.
A Jump Distance-based Bayesian analysis method to unveil fine single molecule transport features

Single-molecule tracking (SMT) methods are under considerable expansion in many fields of cell biology, as the dynamics of cellular components in biological mechanisms becomes increasingly relevant. Despite the development of SMT technologies, it is still difficult to reconcile a sparse signal at all times (required to distinguish single molecules) with long individual trajectories, within confined regions of the cell and given experimental limitations. This strongly reduces the performance of current data analysis methods in extracting meaningful transport features from single molecules trajectories. In this work, we develop and implement a new mathematical analysis method of SMT data, which takes advantage of the large number of (short) trajectories that are typically obtained with cellular systems in vivo. The method is based on the fitting of the jump distance distribution, e.g. the distribution that represents how far molecules travel in a set time interval; it uses a Bayesian approach to compare plausible molecule motion models and extract both qualitative and quantitative information. Finally, the method is tested on in silico trajectories simulated using Monte Carlo algorithms, and ranges of parameters for which the method yields accurate results are determined.
Investigating Relationships Between Participation in High School Music Ensembles and Extra-musical Outcomes: An Analysis of the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 using a Bioecological Development Model

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential reUtionships among participation in high school music ensembles and extra-musical educational outcomes broadly defined (i.e., math achievement, community ethic, commitment to school) using data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002. The sample (N =12,160) was representative of white and minority high school sophomores from 603 rural, suburban, and urban schools across the United States. Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological development model was used as a theoretical framework to guide the selection of predictor variables. Multilevel model analyses accounting for both individual-(i.e., music participation, SES, minority status, peer influence) and school-level (i.e., urbanicity, percent of teachers certified, number of music teachers) effects were conducted for each outcome variable. Music participation was found to be significantly (p < .001) rebted to all outcome vanables. Furthermore, this relationship remained significant after controlling for the remaining individual- and school-level effects. Students in high school music ensembles are significantly more likely to (a) have higher standardized math achievement scores, (b) be more concerned about community ethics (i.e., building friendships, helping others, correcting social inequalities), and(c) be more committed to school (i.e., less late arrivah, less cuts/skips, less absences).
Research on the National Compensation issues for the provincial highway construction

The Highway consists of the roads used by vehicles and the other public infrastructure facilities around it that the lack of good management and the poor facilities usually causes the government compensation for damage. In order to solve these situations, we collected lots of cases in the study for conclusions. First, we divide the reasons into 6 categories. There are the factors in rock fall, bridge rupture, surface of road, gutter, trees beside the road, traffic signs and so on. Secondly, we suggest 6 categories of 18 actions to solve them. Nowadays to improve actions the government shall be limited by budget. However, the study uses the fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP) method to evaluate the actions priority. The frames of references are technology, policy, economy and 11 sub-references.
Knowledge Differential by Geopolitical , Social and Economic Status : Evidence from Surveyed Children in South East Asia

The HIV/AIDS epidemic is a major public health threat, with evidence showing that information campaigns are effective policy tools to control its evolution. Many of these are designed to increase children’s knowledge on HIV before they become sexually active or start to experiment with intravenous drugs, with the effectiveness of such campaigns subject to the extent to which they reach all sectors in the population. This paper applies matching methods and techniques for programme evaluation to detect differentials in children’s knowledge on HIV/AIDS by geopolitical, social and economic status, allowing for health risk-taking behaviour. Drawing from a sample of surveyed children in South East Asia and the Pacific, the results show support for Amartya Sen’s (2002) suggested negative effect of non-democracy on HIV/AIDS awareness, although children in democracies with low development and/or low HIV-prevalence seem to be less well equipped to deal with the epidemic. Within country results suggest that gender, schooling status and living in a urban setting are determinants of knowledge differentials, while parental income or occupation are not. This study has policy implications with respect to what sectors in the population should Information Campaigns target. JEL – Classification: C13, C14, I10, I12,I18, I28, I38,012, P51.
Adaptive performance compensation with on-chip variation monitoring

This paper discusses adaptive performance control with two types of on-chip variation sensors. The first sensor aims to extract several device-parameters for performance adaptation from a set of on-chip ring-oscillators with different sensitivities to device-parameters, and the device-parameter decomposition is discussed. The second sensors, which are embedded into functional circuits, predict timing errors due to PVT variations and aging. By controlling circuit performance according to the sensor outputs, PVT worst-case design can be overcome and power dissipation can be reduced while satisfying performance requirements. Measurement results of a subthreshold adder on 65-nm test chips show that the adaptive speed control can compensate PVT variations and improve energy efficiency by up to 46% compared to the worst-case design and operation with guardbanding.
Prolonged clinical latency and survival of macaques given a whole inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine.

Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection of macaques is a useful and relevant model for evaluating candidate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines. One important feature of this model is that SIV vaccines can be evaluated for their ability to prevent infection as well as to prevent or delay the onset of AIDS. In the present study, a group of macaques was vaccinated with whole inactivated SIV and challenged with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an SIV-infected macaque. This challenge represented a rigorous and realistic test of the immunization protocol. All macaques became infected after challenge; however, immunized animals survived significantly longer (P < .03) than naive controls. These data suggest that similar vaccines administered to humans at risk for HIV-1 infection might delay or prevent AIDS even if the vaccine failed to prevent infection.
Code clone detection using wavelets

Code clones have an influence on the difficulty of maintaining code, which affects the cost in time and money. In order to effectively manage code clones, it is important to know where the clones are and how they relate to each-other. Wavelet analysis has been found to be extremely useful for clone detection in image processing and financial market analysis. Wavelets have the benefit of allowing comparisons than span different scales and strength. It also benefits a lot from parallelisation, which has become more affordable thanks to GPU computing and cloud computing advances. Thus, it makes sense to evaluate wavelet analysis for finding code clones as well. We hereby evaluate a set of wavelets-based language independent code clone detection approaches. The experimental evaluation shows that our approach is able to effectively identify more clones than alternative algorithms.
Investigation of Maternal Genotype Effects in Autism by Genome‐Wide Association

Like most psychiatric disorders, autism spectrum disorders have both a genetic and an environmental component. While previous studies have clearly demonstrated the contribution of in utero (prenatal) environment on autism risk, most of them focused on transient environmental factors. Based on a recent sibling study, we hypothesized that environmental factors could also come from the maternal genome, which would result in persistent effects across siblings.