Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Semantic Interpretation of Nominal Compounds

This paper briefly introduces an approach to the problem of building semantic interpretations of nominal compounds, i.e. sequences of two or more nouns related through modification. Examples of the kinds of nominal compounds dealt with are: "engine repairs", "aircraft flight arrival", "aluminum water pump", and "noun noun modification".
Development of the Assisting Hand Assessment: A Rasch-built Measure intended for Children with Unilateral Upper Limb Impairments

The purpose of this paper was to report on the first step in the development of a new instrument, the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA), that measure the effectiveness with which a child with unilateral impairment makes use of his/her affected hand in bimanual activity performance. The assessment is intended for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy or obstetric brachial plexus palsy, from age 18 months to 5 years. The AHA is conducted through observations of performance skills exposed during play where toys requiring bimanual handling are used. The validity and reliability of the measures were explored using a Rasch measurement model for analysis. In the AHA, 22 items consisting of observable actions are scored on a 4-point rating scale evaluating the quality of the performance. The Rasch analysis suggests that the test rationale, the usefulness of the assisting hand, does form a unidimensional construct and that the items represent the tested phenomenon well. The results show potential for the AHA to become a useful tool for both clinical practice and research.
Identification and Characterization of lpfABCC DE , a Fimbrial Operon of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O 157 : H 7

Center for Vaccine Development and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201; Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México; and Department of Animal Health and Biomedical Sciences and Genome Center of Wisconsin and Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Exploring Psychographic Traits in Tourism Maketing: Causal Relationship from Destination Image to Loyalty

Psychographics has been proposed as a valuable topic in the marketing literature. Also, it can be represented as latent variables which are related to the behaviors not only in the product or service discussions but also in the tourism activities. Besides, the tourism as the globally business can be understood in terms of the tourists’ reflections in the different ways. Hence, the survey of original intentions of tourists is very precious subjects by regarding the causal relationship for exploring phenomena from their behavioral intentions. As psychographic constructs, which can impact in the different glances of the affect and cognitive systems, create new consumption patterns for purchasing and repurchasing tourism packages. Therefore, loyalty is significantly considered as a valuable construct for stakeholders and academic researchers. Consequently, the aim of this study is to find out loyalty from psychographic facet. To date, there is a bridge gap through the intervening psychographic constructs like lifestyle, personality, and travel satisfaction to achieve loyalty. Additionally, the current study suggested an integrated model through the contemplated constructs by employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique to ascertain an appropriate model by Goodness-Of-Fit (GOF) indices.
You're inferior and not worth our concern: the interface between empathy and social dominance orientation.

OBJECTIVE This project was directed at examination of the potential reciprocal relationship between empathy and social dominance orientation (SDO), with the purpose of testing the predictions from Duckitt's highly influential dual process model of prejudice, and further examining the validity of the mere effect view of social dominance orientation. METHOD To examine this relationship, the authors employed cross-lagged structural equation modeling with manifest variables across two studies using large samples from different parts of the world. Study 1 consisted of data from two waves of 389 (83% female) Belgian university students, with each wave separated by 6 months. Study 2 consisted of two waves of data from a national probability sample of 4,466 New Zealand adults (63% female), with each wave separated by a 1-year interval. RESULTS Results supported our expectation of a reciprocal longitudinal relationship between empathy and SDO. Moreover, the results also revealed that SDO's effect on empathy over time tended to be stronger than empathy's effect on SDO over time, countering the predictions derived from the dual process model. CONCLUSIONS These results represent the first time the possible reciprocal effects of empathy and SDO on one another have been examined using panel data rather than less appropriate cross-sectional analysis. They suggest the need to reexamine some key assumptions of the dual process model and further question the mere effect view of SDO.
The Ecology of Cooperative Learning in Elementary Physical Education Classes

The purpose of this study was to describe and interpret the instructional ecology of Cooperative Learning in elementary physical education classes. Data collection included a modified version of the task structure system (Siedentop, 1994), interviews, field notes, and a teacher’s journal. T-tests of the quantitative data revealed that instruction time, management time, transitions, and wait time decreased significantly during the units and refining, extending, and applying tasks increased significantly. Cognitive/social tasks were observed consistently in every lesson and contributed to student learning. Inductive analysis and constant comparison were used to analyze the qualitative data (Patton, 1990). The researchers identified four main categories from this data: organization and management of students, roles, skill development, and strategizing. To promote individual accountability the teacher used task sheets, assigned Cooperative Learning roles, kept group sizes small, randomly chose students to dem.
An robust recursive ant colony optimization strategy in VANET for accident avoidance (RACO-VANET)

VANET (Vehicle Ad-hoc Network) [1] is an emerging technology that enables the vehicles to communicate with each other. Nowadays, we see there are lots of accidents occurring. An effective way to avoid accidents is to provide congestion free communication between vehicles. VANET allows wireless communication between vehicles and the Road Side Units. In VANET, the vehicles are connected with each other to form a network. The vehicles can pass information within the network. A vehicle can send a message to any vehicle which is present in the network or it can send a message to the Road Side Units. This message passing is done by using many algorithms. We use the Recursive Ant Colony Optimization (RACO) [2,26] Algorithm which is an extension of Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm to route the message within the network. Though VANET is a powerful technology, it also has some issues that has to be rectified. Some of the issues are signal fading, connectivity, security, small effective diameter and so on.
Effect of variation in form on the cost of terrestrial locomotion.

The mass-specific minimum cost of terrestrial locomotion (Cmin) decreases with an increase in body mass. This generalization spans nearly eight orders of magnitude in body mass and includes two phyla. The general relationship between metabolic cost and mass is striking. However, a significant amount of unexplained interspecific variation in Cmin exists at any given body mass. To determine how variation in morphology and physiology affects metabolic energy cost, we measured the oxygen consumption of three comparably sized insects running on a miniature treadmill; the American cockroach Periplaneta americana, the caterpillar hunting beetle Calosoma affine and the Australian field cricket Teleogryllus commodus. Steady-state oxygen consumption (VO2ss) increased linearly with speed. Cmin was similar for crickets and cockroaches (8.0 and 8.5 ml O2 g-1km-1, respectively), but was substantially lower for beetles (4.6 ml O2 g-1km-1). The predicted value of Cmin for all three insects was within the 95% confidence intervals of the Cmin versus body mass function. However, the 95% confidence intervals extend approximately 2.5-fold above and 40% below the regression line, making the variation at any given body mass nearly sixfold. Normalizing for the rate of muscle force production by determining the metabolic cost per stride failed to account for the interspecific variation in the cost of locomotion observed in the three insects. Ground contact costs (i.e. VO2ss multiplied by leg contact time during a stride) in insects were similar to those measured in mammals (1.5-3.1 J kg-1) and were independent of speed, but did not explain the interspecific variation in the cost of locomotion. Muscles of the caterpillar hunting beetle may have a greater mechanical advantage than muscles of the Australian field cricket and American cockroach. Variation in musculo-skeletal arrangement, apart from variation in body mass, could translate into significant differences in the minimum cost of terrestrial locomotion.
Recovering ensembles of chromatin conformations from contact probabilities

The 3D higher order organization of chromatin within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells has so far remained elusive. A wealth of relevant information, however, is increasingly becoming available from chromosome conformation capture (3C) and related experimental techniques, which measure the probabilities of contact between large numbers of genomic sites in fixed cells. Such contact probabilities (CPs) can in principle be used to deduce the 3D spatial organization of chromatin. Here, we propose a computational method to recover an ensemble of chromatin conformations consistent with a set of given CPs. Compared with existing alternatives, this method does not require conversion of CPs to mean spatial distances. Instead, we estimate CPs by simulating a physically realistic, bead-chain polymer model of the 30-nm chromatin fiber. We then use an approach from adaptive filter theory to iteratively adjust the parameters of this polymer model until the estimated CPs match the given CPs. We have validated this method against reference data sets obtained from simulations of test systems with up to 45 beads and 4 loops. With additional testing against experiments and with further algorithmic refinements, our approach could become a valuable tool for researchers examining the higher order organization of chromatin.
3D map building with mobile robots

This paper presents a feature-based registration for 3D environments using mobile robots. The developed 3D laser scanner with custom hardware setup is able to scan both indoor and outdoor. For the map registration a nonlinear variant of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm was used with initial alignment from the correspondences given by the features of the scenes. The initial alignment was determined using a set of key-points and the features of the keypoints in order to reduce the computational time and to ensure a robust estimation. Considering the increasing interest in 3D navigation for mobile robots, our aim was to use the created maps for both indoor and outdoor navigation purposes. Several maps were built by merging point clouds while our method was tested for a wide range of datasets including urban and office environments.
Cusp-core problem and strong gravitational lensing

Cosmological numerical simulations of galaxy formation have led to the cuspy density profile of a pure cold dark matter halo toward the center, which is in sharp contradiction with the observations of the rotation curves of cold dark matter-dominated dwarf and low surface brightness disk galaxies, with the latter tending to favor mass profiles with a flat central core. Many efforts have been devoted to resolving this cusp-core problem in recent years, among them, baryon-cold dark matter interactions are considered to be the main physical mechanisms erasing the cold dark matter (CDM) cusp into a flat core in the centers of all CDM halos. Clearly, baryon-cold dark matter interactions are not customized only for CDM-dominated disk galaxies, but for all types, including giant ellipticals. We first fit the most recent high resolution observations of rotation curves with the Burkert profile, then use the constrained core size-halo mass relation to calculate the lensing frequency, and compare the predicted results with strong lensing observations. Unfortunately, it turns out that the core size constrained from rotation curves of disk galaxies cannot be extrapolated to giant ellipticals. We conclude that, in the standard cosmological paradigm, baryon-cold dark matter interactions are not universal mechanisms for galaxy formation, and therefore, they cannot be true solutions to the cusp-core problem.
Salient target detection in remote sensing image via cellular automata

In order to detect salient target in remote sensing images effectively and accurately, this paper propose a target segmentation method based on cellular automata which is usually used as a dynamic evolution model. First, we introduce the background based map to obtain saliency map with the help of a widely used superpixel segmentation method named simple linear iterative clustering. Secondly, cellular automata are employed to produce the elementary saliency map. Then enhanced saliency map can be obtained by maximum contrast of image patch method. Adaptive threshold is calculated to segment the enhanced saliency map. Consequently, the salient target detection and segmentation result can be obtained. Experiments on optical remote sensing images and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods such as K-means, Otsu and region growing method.
Noninvasive Tracking of Donor Cell Homing by Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Shortly after Bone Marrow Transplantation

Background Many diseases associated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are caused by transplanted hematopoietic cells, and the onset of these diseases occurs after homing of donor cells in the initial phase after BMT. Noninvasive observation of donor cell homing shortly after transplantation is potentially valuable for improving therapeutic outcomes of BMT by diagnosing the early stages of these diseases. Methodology/Principal Findings Freshly harvested near-infrared fluorescence-labeled cells were noninvasively observed for 24 h after BMT using a photon counting device to track their homing process. In a congenic BMT model, the homing of Alexa Fluor 750-labeled donor cells in the tibia was detected less than 1 h after BMT. In addition, subsequent cell distribution in an intraBM BMT model was successfully monitored for the first time using this method. In the allogeneic BMT model, T-cell depletion decreased the near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) signals of the reticuloendothelial system. Conclusions/Significance This approach in several murine BMT models revealed that the transplanted cells homed within 24 h after transplantation. NIRF labeling is useful for tracking transplanted cells in the initial phase after BMT, and this approach can contribute to in vivo studies aimed at improving the therapeutic outcomes of BMT.
Assessment of the infiltrative character of bladder cancer at the time of transurethral resection: a single center study

Introduction Determining the clinical stage of bladder carcinoma before radical cystectomy is characterized by a high inaccuracy rate. The discrepancy in some reports reaches up to 48%. Therefore intraoperative clinical staging of bladder carcinoma is not recommended before radical treatment as it is for prostate cancer. However, the accuracy of clinical assessment of the muscle invasive character of the tumors at the time of transurethral resection has not been studied. In our study we estimate the accuracy of clinical staging during endoscopic treatment. Material and methods 332 patients who had undergone transurethral resection of bladder cancer were studied in this retrospective analysis. Data such as age, gender, presence of hydronephrosis, operator, the results of bimanual bladder examination, TURB report and pathologic report, were collected from each patient. Intraoperative prediction of the muscle invasive nature of the tumor was compared with pathological reports. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of particular variables on upstaging and downstaging. Results Overall accuracy between clinical and histopathology staging was 87.8%. Discrepancy was observed only in 36 patients. Patients with pTa stage were the most numerous group among patients with accurate prediction of the muscle invasiveness character of the tumor. Univariable logistic regression indicated that the presence of a palpable mass in the bimanual examination was a predictor of upstaging, with an OR 11.75 CI95% [2.49–55.32]. Conclusions The study indicated the high accuracy between clinical and pathological reports. Intraoperative evaluation of tumor character should be an indispensable part of treatment, which can be useful for planning in advance the further stages of treatment.
MPML3D: agent authoring language for virtual worlds

This paper describes an authoring language for specifying communicative behavior and interaction of agents in virtual worlds. We focus on the popular three-dimensional (3D) multi-user online world "Second Life" and the emerging "OpenSimulator" project. While tools for designing avatars and in-world objects exist, technology to support content creators in scripting (computer-controlled) agents ("bots") is currently missing. Therefore, we have implemented new client software that controls the verbal and non-verbal behavior of bots based on the Multimodal Presentation Markup Language 3D (MPML3D). This paper compares both platforms and discusses the merits and limitations of each from the perspective of adding agents.
A Heuristic examination of the application of Pre-Therapy skills and the person-centered approach in the field of Autism

This paper reviews the impact of training noncounseling specialists in counseling and Pre-Therapy skills and the effects on their clients at the severe end of the autistic spectrum. Initially most students clearly expressed their doubts about the possibility of implementing the skills and principles of the training with their client group. Their resistance to such a radically different way of working challenged our assumptions that students would embrace this training readily. Feedback at the end of training reported changes in the lives of clients and in the attitudes of the students, and achievement of the learning outcomes contradicted initial skepticism about the likely efficacy of training, and these constitute the key qualitative measures used to examine the impact of training. This paper describes our observations of a powerful dyadic change process, which may herald the development of a more helpful way of working with autistic clients.
The Impact of Large Changes in Asset Prices on Intra-Market Correlations in the Domestic and International Markets

We consider the impact of "large" changes in asset prices on intra-market correlations in domestic and international markets. Assuming normally distributed asset returns, we show that the absolute magnitude of the correlation, conditional on a change is greater than or equal to a given absolute size of one of the variables, is monotonically increasing in the magnitude of that absolute change. Empirical tests using domestic and international-market data support this theoretical result. These results have significant implications for portfolio management, hedging interest rate risk, tests of asset pricing models, Roll's concern with asset pricing models' explanatory power, and implementation of Value-at-Risk. Copyright (c) 2009, The Eastern Finance Association.
Larvicidal and Biting Deterrent Activity of Essential Oils of Curcuma longa, Ar-turmerone, and Curcuminoids Against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles quadrimaculatus (Culicidae: Diptera)

ABSTRACT Essential oils and extract of Curcuma longa, ar-turmerone, and curcuminoids were evaluated for their larvicidal and deterrent activity against mosquitoes. Ar-turmerone and curcuminoids constituted 36.9, 24.9 and 50.6% of rhizome oil, leaf oil, and rhizome extract, respectively. Ar-turmerone was the major compound of the rhizome oil (36.9%) and leaf oil (24.9%). The ethanolic extract had 15.4% arturmerone with 6.6% bisdesmethoxycurcumin, 6.1% desmethoxycurcumin, and 22.6 % curcumin. In in vitro studies, essential oils of the leaf (biting deterrence index [BDI] = 0.98), rhizome (BDI = 0.98), and rhizome ethanolic extract (BDI = 0.96) at 10 &mgr;g/cm2 showed biting deterrent activity similar to DEETat 25 nmol/cm2 against Aedes aegypti L. Among the pure compounds, ar-turmerone (BDI = 1.15) showed the biting deterrent activity higher than DEETat 25 nmol/cm2 whereas the activity of other compounds was lower than DEET. In Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, only ar-turmerone showed deterrent activity similar to DEET. In dose—response bioassay, ar-turmerone showed significantly higher biting deterrence than DEETat all the dosages. Ar-turmerone, at 15 nmol/cm2, showed activity similar to DEET at 25 nmol/cm2 and activity at 5 nmol/cm2 was similar to DEETat 20 and 15 nmol/cm2. Leaf essential oil with LC50 values of 1.8 and 8.9 ppm against larvae of An. quadrimaculatus and Ae. aegypti, respectively, showed highest toxicity followed by rhizome oil and ethanolic extract. Among the pure compounds, arturmerone with LC50 values of 2.8 and 2.5 ppm against larvae of An. quadrimaculatus and Ae. aegypti, respectively, was most toxic followed by bisdesmethoxycurcumin, curcumin, and desmethoxycurcumin.
How business associations use interorganizational networks to achieve workforce development goals: Implications for Human Resource Development

Abstract This study uses data from a series of comparative case studies to analyse the interorganizational networks of business associations providing workforce development services in the United States. Three aspects of the networks were of particular interest, including (a) the form the partnerships took, (b) the trade-off to involving educational or community vs. business partners in providing workforce development services and (c) the strengths of associations in brokering services to adults or youth. The findings demonstrate that business associations work in intermediary networks or provide their services directly. The conclusions suggest that human resource development professionals should work more actively with local business associations to recruit, train and provide supports for workers in US firms.
Liquid Chromatographic Resolution of Fendiline and Its Analogues on a Chiral Stationary Phase Based on (+)-(18-Crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic Acid

Fendiline, an effective anti-anginal drug for the treatment of coronary heart diseases, and its sixteen analogues were resolved on a CSP based on (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid. Fendiline was resolved quite well with the separation factor (α) of 1.25 and resolution (RS) of 1.55 when a mobile phase consisting of methanol–acetonitrile–trifluoroacetic acid–triethylamine at a ratio of 80/20/0.1/0.5 (v/v/v/v) was used. The comparison of the chromatographic behaviors for the resolution of fendiline and its analogues indicated that the 3,3-diphenylpropyl group bonded to the secondary amino group of fendiline is important in the chiral recognition and the difference in the steric bulkiness between the phenyl group and the methyl group at the chiral center of fendiline is also important in the chiral recognition.