Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detail-Preserving Surface Inpainting

Inpainting is a well-known technique in the context of image and art restoration, where paint losses are filled up to the level of the surrounding paint and then coloured to match. Analogue tasks can be found in 3D geometry processing, as digital representations of real-world objects often contain holes, due to hindrances during data acquisition or as a consequence of interactive modelling operations. In this paper we present a novel approach to automatically fill-in holes in structured surfaces where smooth hole filling is not sufficient. Previous approaches inspired by texture synthesis algorithms require specific spatial structures to identify holes and possible candidate fragments to be copied to defective regions. Consequently, the results depend heavily on the choice and location of these auxiliary structures, such that for instance symmetries are not reconstructed faithfully. In contrast, our approach is based on local neighbourhoods and therefore insensitive with respect to similarity transformations. We use so-called guidance surfaces to guide and prioritise the atomic filling operations, such that even non-trivial and larger holes can be filled consistently. The guidance surfaces are automatically computed and iteratively updated during the filling process, but can also incorporate any additional information about the surface, if available.
Comparison of the Suitability of 2 Years Change in Waist Circumference and Body Mass Index in Predicting Hypertension Risk: A Prospective Study in Chinese-Han

Abstract Background Currently, obesity has become a worldwide health problem and yet little is known about the impact of changes in obesity indicator on incident hypertension. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of changes in the WC and BMI on incident hypertension in a cohort population. Methods After a baseline investigation, we conducted the first and the second follow-up assessments for subjects after 2 and 5 years, respectively. The associations between the changes in the WC and BMI (measured as the D-value, i.e., the value at the first follow-up minus the value at baseline) and the hazard ratio (HR) of incident hypertension were analyzed with a multilevel Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results Among 2778 participants without hypertension, 660 developed hypertension between the first and the second follow-up assessments. When both the BMI and WC D-values were included in the regression model, the WC D-value was a predictor of hypertension incidence in both sexes (OR= 1.03 and P values < 0.05 for men and women), but the BMI D-value was no longer a predictor of hypertension incidence in either sex (OR=1.04 for men and 1.01 for women, both P values >0.05). In both sexes, hypertension risk was higher for subjects whose BMI was modified but WC was categorically increasing than for subjects whose WC and BMI were both modified. Conclusions Both WC and BMI changes were associated with hypertension, but a change in the WC was a better predictor of the hypertension.
Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap: A Fisher-Minsky-Koo Approach*

In this paper we present a simple New Keynesian-style model of debt-driven slumps – that is, situations in which an overhang of debt on the part of some agents, who are forced into rapid deleveraging, is depressing aggregate demand. Making some agents debt-constrained is a surprisingly powerful assumption: Fisherian debt deflation, the possibility of a liquidity trap, the paradox of thrift, a Keynesiantype multiplier, and a rationale for expansionary fiscal policy all emerge naturally from the model. We argue that this approach sheds considerable light both on current economic difficulties and on historical episodes, including Japan’s lost decade (now in its 18th year) and the Great Depression itself.
Book Reading Motivation Scale: Reliability and Validity Study.

Book reading enhances the intellectual world of people. It is very important to know the factors that motivate children to read books as it will help to instill book reading habit in them. As such, the present study aims to develop a “Book Reading Motivation Scale” to determine elementary and secondary school students’ reading motivation. First, a draft scale consisting of 25 items was constructed. Reliability and validity study of the scale was conducted on the data collected from 1224 elementary and secondary school students. In the first stage, exploratory factor analysis was carried out and discrimination power of the scale items was detected. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, it was found that the scale comprised two sub-dimensions called love for reading and reason for reading. Previously, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) had been run to test the construct validity of the scale. As a result of this analysis conducted through AMOS program, it was found that goodness of fit coefficients were within the acceptable limits. At the end of the study, a scale consisting of 14 items that can explain 46.292 of the total variance was obtained. Internal consistency coefficient sum calculated by means of Cronbach Alpha method to determine the reliability of the scale is α=. 85. In order to reveal item discrimination of the scale and the extent to which the items can predict the total score, 27% bottom-top group comparisons were made. As a result, a questionnaire form that has reliability and validity in the analysis of elementary and secondary school students’ book reading motivation was developed. It is hoped that Book Reading Motivation Scale (SMRB) can bring a new dimension to the research in the field of reading, and as a useful tool to teachers wanting to motivate their students to read. Key words: Motivation, book reading, self-efficacy.
Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution Cc by Intelligent Traffic Management Service for High-speed Networks Using Fuzzy Logic Control

Unlike other explicit traffic control protocols that have to estimate network parameters in order to compute the allowed source sending rate, our fuzzy-logic-based controller can measure the router queue size directly; hence it avoids various potential performance problems arising from parameter estimations while reducing much consumption of computation and memory resources in routers. As a network parameter, the queue size can be accurately monitored and used to proactively decide if action should be taken to regulate the source sending rate, thus increasing the resilience of the network to traffic congestion. The communication QoS (Quality of Service) is assured by the good performances of our scheme such as max-min fairness, low queuing delay and good robustness to network dynamics. Simulation results and comparisons have verified the effectiveness and showed that our new traffic management scheme can achieve better performances than the existing protocols that rely on the estimation of network parameters.
Re‐investing authenticity: tourism, place and emotions

Taylor and Francis RJHS_A_524013. sgm 10.1080/13527258.2011. 524013 International Journal of Heritage Studies 352-7258 (pri t)/1470-3610 (online) Original Article 2 10 & Francis 7 0 0 00Ja u y 20 0 Professor D v dCrouch D.C.Cr uch@de by.ac. uk Re-investing authenticity: tourism, place and emotions (Tourism and Cultural Change series), edited by Britta Timm Knudsen and Anna Marit Waade, Bristol, Channel View Publications, 2010, 296 pp., US$54.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-84541127-5
The DnaJ-Like Zinc Finger Domain Protein PSA2 Affects Light Acclimation and Chloroplast Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

The biosynthesis of chlorophylls and carotenoids and the assembly of thylakoid membranes are critical for the photoautotrophic growth of plants. Different factors are involved in these two processes. In recent years, members of the DnaJ-like zinc finger domain proteins have been found to take part in the biogenesis and/or the maintenance of plastids. One member of this family of proteins, PSA2, was recently found to localize to the thylakoid lumen and regulate the accumulation of photosystem I. In this study, we report that the silencing of PSA2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in variegated leaves and retarded growth. Although both chlorophylls and total carotenoids decreased in the psa2 mutant, violaxanthin, and zeaxanthin accumulated in the mutant seedlings grown under growth condition. Lower levels of non-photochemical quenching and electron transport rate were also found in the psa2 mutant seedlings under growth condition compared with those of the wild-type plants, indicating an impaired capability to acclimate to normal light irradiance when PSA2 was silenced. Moreover, we also observed an abnormal assembly of grana thylakoids and poorly developed stroma thylakoids in psa2 chloroplasts. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PSA2 is a member of the DnaJ-like zinc finger domain protein family that affects light acclimation and chloroplast development.
Dynamical Analyses for Developmental Science: A Primer for Intrigued Scientists

Dynamical systems theory is becoming more popular in social and developmental science. However, unfamiliarity with dynamical analysis techniques remains an obstacle for developmentalists who would like to quantitatively apply dynamics in their own research. The goal of this article is to address this issue by clearly and simply presenting several analytical techniques for the study of dynamics. We placed emphasis on the use of dynamical analysis techniques for the examination of social and developmental phenomena. We present descriptions of five techniques, which include examples of how they have been or can be used in developmental research, with reference to seminal and approachable resources when appropriate.
ABUNDANCE OF BLUE AND HUMPBACK WHALES IN THE EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC ESTIMATED BY CAPTURE‐RECAPTURE AND LINE‐TRANSECT METHODS

We estimated humpback and blue whale abundance from 1991 to 1997 off the west coast of the U.S. and Mexico comparing capture-recapture models based on photographically identified animals and line-transect methods from ship-based surveys. During photo-identification research we obtained 4,212 identifications of 824 humpback whales and 2,403 identifications of 908 blue whales primarily through non-systematic small-boat surveys along the coast of California, Oregon, and Washington. Line-transect surveys from NOAA ships in 1991, 1993, and 1996 covered approximately 39,000 km along the coast of Baja California, California, Oregon, and Washington out to 555 km from shore. The nearshore and clumped distribution of humpback whales allowed photographic identification from small boats to cost-effectively sample a substantial portion of the population, but made it difficult to obtain effective samples in the line-transect surveys covering broad areas. The humpback capture-recapture estimates indicated humpback whale abundance increased over the six years (from 569 to 837). The broader more offshore distribution of blue whales made it harder to obtain a representative sample of identification photographs, but was well suited to the line-transect estimates. The line-transect estimates, after correction for missed animals, indicated approximately 3,000 blue whales (CV ¼ 0.14). Capture-recapture estimates of blue whales were lower than this: approximately 2,000 when using photographs obtained from the line-transect surveys as one of the samples. Comparison of the results from the two methods provides validation, as well as insight into potential biases associated with each method.
Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region

The Northern Circumpolar Soil Carbon Database was developed in order to determine carbon pools in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region. The area of all soils in the northern permafrost region is approximately 18,782 × 103 km2, or approximately 16% of the global soil area. In the northern permafrost region, organic soils (peatlands) and cryoturbated permafrost‐affected mineral soils have the highest mean soil organic carbon contents (32.2–69.6 kg m−2). Here we report a new estimate of the carbon pools in soils of the northern permafrost region, including deeper layers and pools not accounted for in previous analyses. Carbon pools were estimated to be 191.29 Pg for the 0–30 cm depth, 495.80 Pg for the 0–100 cm depth, and 1024.00 Pg for the 0–300 cm depth. Our estimate for the first meter of soil alone is about double that reported for this region in previous analyses. Carbon pools in layers deeper than 300 cm were estimated to be 407 Pg in yedoma deposits and 241 Pg in deltaic deposits. In total, the northern permafrost region contains approximately 1672 Pg of organic carbon, of which approximately 1466 Pg, or 88%, occurs in perennially frozen soils and deposits. This 1672 Pg of organic carbon would account for approximately 50% of the estimated global belowground organic carbon pool.
Auto-scaling emergency call centres using cloud resources to handle disasters

The fixed-line and mobile telephony network is one of the crucial elements of an emergency response to a disaster event. However, frequently the phone network is overwhelmed in such situations and is disrupted. It is not cost-effective to maintain an over-provisioned IT infrastructure for such rare events. Cloud computing allows users to create resources on-demand and can enable an IT infrastructure that scales in response to the demands of disaster management. In this paper, we introduce a system that uses the Amazon EC2 service to automatically scale up a software telephony network in response to a large volume of calls and scale down in normal times. We demonstrate the efficacy of this system through experiments based on real-world data.
FM-CW millimeter wave demonstrator system as a sensor of the sea surface wind vector

A small, low-cost FM-CW demonstrator system has been designed to investigate the feasibility of the application of FM-CW SAR in the field of airborne earth observation. A Ka-band backscatter model function and an algorithm for measurement of the wind vector over the water surface by this demonstrator system in the scatterometer mode have been developed. The principle considered, backscatter model and measuring algorithm proposed can be used for creating an airborne radar system for operational measurement of the sea roughness characteristics and for safe landing of an amphibious airplane on water, in particular under search and rescue missions in coastal areas.
Queue Dynamics With Window Flow Control

This paper develops a new model that describes the queueing process of a communication network when data sources use window flow control. The model takes into account the burstiness in sub-round-trip time (RTT) timescales and the instantaneous rate differences of a flow at different links. It is generic and independent of actual source flow control algorithms. Basic properties of the model and its relation to existing work are discussed. In particular, for a general network with multiple links, it is demonstrated that spatial interaction of oscillations allows queue instability to occur even when all flows have the same RTTs and maintain constant windows. The model is used to study the dynamics of delay-based congestion control algorithms. It is found that the ratios of RTTs are critical to the stability of such systems, and previously unknown modes of instability are identified. Packet-level simulations and testbed measurements are provided to verify the model and its predictions.
An Initial Approach to Segmentation and Analysis of Nerve Cells using Ridge Detection

Histological studies of nerve cells are used by researchers to explore many nerve pathologies and treatments. Manual analysis and interpretation of hundreds of nerve fibers typically seen on one image is not possible and therefore, we propose a semi-automated tool based on ridge detection to allow users to segment histological images as they desire. An automatic segmentation is used to first segment the image. Ridges of the cells were enhanced using the first eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix. A hysteresis based ridge segmentation is then used to separate the cells from the background. The completed automatic segmentation is presented to the user. It can be further enhanced to meet the individual needs of the user. The user has the ability to (1) remove any cells in the histological image that are not desired cells or (2) add any cells not initially detected. Once the user-defined segmentation is completed, the final segmented image is used to analyze the properties of each individual cell. The size of each cell as well as a measure of wall thickness is calculated and saved for the user. In images of good contrast, where nerve cells are large and well spaced, the automatic cell detection rates are between 90-95%. In images with poor contrast with small nerve cells tightly packed together, the cell detection rate is 50-75%.
Healthy maternal ambivalence

This paper critically reviews the psychoanalytic omission in theorizing maternal subjectivity and the subsequent idealisation of the early mother-baby bond that excludes negative maternal feelings. It suggests that painful maternal experiences of resentment, persecution and hatred remain under-explored. Perhaps, even more alarming, this exclusion compels mothers to hide conflictual and shameful feelings from professionals – and from themselves. The paper suggests that healthy maternal ambivalence is an inevitable feature of mothering. Drawing on psychoanalytic theoretical accounts and on empirical study it offers a model of different manifestations of maternal ambivalence. Facilitator, Regulator, Reciprocator and Conflicted maternal orientations manifest antenatally, preceding knowledge of the child’s actual characteristics. The various permutations of ambivalence in parenting are a function of the mother's inner world and the child's affective communications.
A Circuit Level Implementation of an Adaptive Issue for Power-Aware Microprocessors Queue

Increasing power dissipation has become a major constraint for future per~brmartce gains in the design of microprocessors. In this paper, we present the circuit design of an issue queue for a superscalar processor that leverages transmission gate insertion to provide dynamic low-cost configurability of size and speed. A novel circuit structure dynamically gathers statistics of issue queue activity over intervals of instruction execution. These statistics are then used to change the size of an issue queue organization on-the-fly to improve issue queue energy and performance. When applied to a fixed, full-size issue queue structure, the result is up to a 70% reduction in energy dissipation. The complexity of the additional circuitry to achieve this result is almost negligible. Furthermore, self-timed techniques embedded in the adaptive scheme can provide a 56% decrease in cycle time of the CAM array read of the issue queue when we change the adaptive issue queue size f¥om 32 entries (largest possible) to 8 entries (smallest possible in our design).
Journal of Neuroscience Methods Quantitative Evaluation of Serotonin Release and Clearance in Drosophila

Serotonin signaling plays a key role in the regulation of development, mood and behavior. Drosophila is well suited for the study of the basic mechanisms of serotonergic signaling, but the small size of its nervous system has previously precluded the direct measurements of neurotransmitters. This study demonstrates the first real-time measurements of changes in extracellular monoamine concentrations in a single lar-val Drosophila ventral nerve cord. Channelrhodopsin-2-mediated, neuronal type-specific stimulation is used to elicit endogenous serotonin release, which is detected using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at an implanted microelectrode. Release is decreased when serotonin synthesis or packaging are pharmacologically inhibited, confirming that the detected substance is serotonin. Similar to tetanus-evoked serotonin release in mammals, evoked serotonin concentrations are 280–640 nM in the fly, depending on the stimulation length. Extracellular serotonin signaling is prolonged after administering cocaine or fluoxetine, showing that transport regulates the clearance of serotonin from the extracellular space. When ChR2 is targeted to dopaminergic neurons, dopamine release is measured demonstrating that this method is broadly applicable to other neurotransmitter systems. This study shows that the dynamics of serotonin release and reuptake in Drosophila are analogous to those in mammals, making this simple organism more useful for the study of the basic physiological mechanisms of serotonergic signaling.
Inhibition of gastric emptying by triterpene saponin, momordin Ic, in mice: roles of blood glucose, capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves, and central nervous system.

The roles of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and the central nervous system in the inhibitory effect of momordin Ic, a principal saponin constituent in various Chinese and Japanese herbal medicines, such as the fruit of Kochia scoparia (L.) SCHRAD. , on gastric emptying were investigated in nonnutrient meal- or nutrient meal-loaded mice. Momordin Ic (12.5-50 mg/kg) significantly inhibited gastric emptying in 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt test meal-loaded mice by 8.4%-60.6%, 40% glucose test meal-loaded mice by 42.8% (50 mg/kg), milk test meal-loaded mice by 36.4% (50 mg/kg), and 60% ethanol test meal-loaded mice by 37.2% (50 mg/kg). The inhibitory effect on the gastric emptying in 1.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt test meal-loaded mice was potentiated by glucose (2 g/kg, i.v. or 5 g/kg, i.p.), but markedly attenuated by pretreatment with alloxan (50 mg/kg, i.v.) and streptozotocin (100 mg/kg, i.v.), in which the activity of sympathetic nervous system was decreased, or by insulin (1 or 3 U/kg, s.c.). The effect of insulin (1 U/kg) was markedly reduced by glucose (2 g/kg, i.v.), which can directly nourish the brain, but not by fructose (2 g/kg, i.v.), which cannot be used by the brain. The effect of momordin Ic was also attenuated by pretreatment with capsaicin (75 mg/kg in total, s.c.). These results suggest that the inhibition of gastric emptying by momordin Ic is relative to serum glucose and, at least in part, mediated by capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and the central nervous system.