Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Myeloblastic cell line expresses osteoclastic properties following coculture with marrow stromal adipocytes

Osteoclasts are derived from hemopoietic precursors in the marrow. Their differentiation pathway is still underfined, but an important role was obserned for the marrow micrienvironment in the regulation of osteoclasto genesis. various marrow stromal cell subtypes were used to study their possible role in the formation of osteoclasts from myeloblast (M1) cells. Interactions between M1 cell and the 14F1.1 endothelial‐adipocyte stromal cell line were demonstrated in a coculture model. M1 cells attached to the adherent layer of 14F1.1 cells and formed distinct focireminiscente of “cobblestone areas. ” Follwing these inteactions, M1 Cells developed specific enzymatic activites and became multinucleated. Both monouclear M1 cells became positive to tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRaP) and ATPase, a feature charactreistic of osteoclasts, and were also responsive to calcitonin. Furthermore, they attached to mineralized bone particles and their membrane changed into a ruffled border at the zone of interaction with the bone matrix. We thus demonstrated that marrow endothelial‐adipocytes may play a role in regulating the differentiation of myeloblast into osteoclasts.
Simulations of the p97 complex suggest novel conformational states of hydrolysis intermediates

The vitally important AAA (ATPases associated with various cellular activities) protein p97 is involved in cellular functions ranging from replication to degradation of misfolded proteins and has recently been proposed as a novel chemotherapeutic target. p97 is a large molecular machine that has been shown to hexamerize in vitro, with each monomer consisting of an N domain responsible for binding to effector proteins and two AAA repeats (D1 and D2). However, structural studies are inconclusive or in disagreement with one another on several important features such as the locations of the N domains, the relative orientations of the D1 and D2 rings, and the dimensions of the central pore. Here, we present atomic‐scale simulations of the p97 hexamer in the prehydrolysis, transition, and post‐hydrolysis states. To improve the agreement between low‐ and high‐resolution experimental studies, we first use a biased simulation technique, molecular dynamics flexible fitting (MDFF), to improve the correlation between the structures described in these experiments. We follow this with extended, classical molecular dynamics simulations, which not only show that structures generated in the MDFF phase are stable, but reveal insights into the dynamics important to each state. Simulation results suggest a hybrid model for hydrolysis, in which the N and D2 domains are dynamic while the D1 domains are relatively static, salt bridges stabilize the position of the N domains in the pre‐hydrolysis state, and the rings formed by D1 and D2 rotate relative to one another.
Modulating Endogenous NQO1 Levels Identifies Key Regulatory Mechanisms of Action of β-Lapachone for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, in which the 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. Current standard of care therapies offer little selectivity and high toxicity. Novel, tumor-selective approaches are desperately needed. Although prior work suggested that β-lapachone (β-lap) could be used for the treatment of pancreatic cancers, the lack of knowledge of the compound's mechanism of action prevented optimal use of this agent. Experimental Design: We examined the role of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) in β-lap–mediated antitumor activity, using a series of MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer clones varying in NQO1 levels by stable shRNA knockdown. The antitumor efficacy of β-lap was determined using an optimal hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextran (HPβ-CD) vehicle formulation in metastatic pancreatic cancer models. Results: β-Lap–mediated cell death required ∼90 enzymatic units of NQO1. Essential downstream mediators of lethality were as follows: (i) reactive oxygen species (ROS); (ii) single-strand DNA breaks induced by ROS; (iii) poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) hyperactivation; (iv) dramatic NAD+/ATP depletion; and (v) programmed necrosis. We showed that 1 regimen of β-lap therapy (5 treatments every other day) efficaciously regressed and reduced human pancreatic tumor burden and dramatically extended the survival of athymic mice, using metastatic pancreatic cancer models. Conclusions: Because NQO1 enzyme activities are easily measured and commonly overexpressed (i.e., >70%) in pancreatic cancers 5- to 10-fold above normal tissue, strategies using β-lap to efficaciously treat pancreatic cancers are indicated. On the basis of optimal drug formulation and efficacious antitumor efficacy, such a therapy should be extremely safe and not accompanied with normal tissue toxicity or hemolytic anemia. Clin Cancer Res; 17(2); 275–85. ©2011 AACR.
Multi-sensor data fusion for checking plausibility of V2V communications by vision-based multiple-object tracking

Automated vehicles require an adequate and reliable perception of the surrounding world in order to make good decisions. Using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to exchange location data (i.e. time, position, heading and speed) can improve the perception beyond the capabilities of traditional on-board sensors (e.g. radar, lidar). However, it is vital to trust the data before it is being used. Cryptographic mechanisms can protect the exchange and authenticity of data but do not guarantee the correctness of the content. In this paper we present a vision-based multi-object tracking system for checking the plausibility of V2V communication. The system is addressing the challenge of fusing relative sensor observations as provided by a MobilEye vision-system with time-delayed absolute GNSS-based measurements from Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) as provided by V2V. The plausibility check is implemented in a prototype and based on a state-of-the-art multiple-object tracking algorithm. The proposed system is evaluated and validated under real-world conditions by conducting several test drives under urban conditions.
Model of the human vasculature for studying the influence of contrast injection speed on cerebral perfusion MRI

Simulations of dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI are frequently performed by assuming a certain shape for the input function and the microvascular response function. However, to investigate the influence of parameters that will affect the shape of the input function, a more complex model of the human vasculature is required. In this study, a model of the human vasculature is proposed that consists of a network of vascular operators based on physiological data typical of a 35‐year‐old male subject. The simulated contrast passage curves were found to be within the range of observed contrast passage curves in a population of patients without vascular disease. The model was used to predict the effect of different injection speeds of the contrast agent on the accuracy of the perfusion experiment. It was found that injection speeds of <3 ml/s lead to an underestimation of the observed cerebral blood flow (CBF). Additionally, it was determined that decreasing the temporal resolution of the acquisition results in an underestimation of the CBF values, and an increase of the standard deviation (SD) of CBF measurements. Magn Reson Med 50:614–622, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ambient temperature‐mediated changes in hepatic gene expression of a mammalian herbivore (Neotoma lepida)

Herbivores regularly ingest natural toxins produced by plants as a defence against herbivory. Recent work suggests that compound toxicity is exacerbated at higher ambient temperatures. This phenomenon, known as temperature‐dependent toxicity (TDT), is the likely result of decreased liver function at warmer temperatures; however, the underlying cause of TDT remains speculative. In the present study, we compared the effects of temperature and dietary plant toxins on differential gene expression in the liver of an herbivorous rodent (Neotoma lepida), using species‐specific microarrays. Expression profiles revealed a greater number of differentially expressed genes at an ambient temperature below the thermal neutral zone for N. lepida (22°C) compared to one within (27°C). Genes and pathways upregulated at 22°C were related to growth and biosynthesis, whereas those upregulated at 27°C were associated with gluconeogenesis, apoptosis and protein misfolding, suggestive of a stressed state for the liver. Additionally, few genes associated with xenobiotic metabolism were induced when woodrats ingested plant toxins compared to nontoxic diets, regardless of temperature. Taken together, the results highlight the important role of ambient temperature on gene expression profiles in the desert woodrat. Temperatures just below the thermal neutral zone might be a favourable state for liver metabolism. Furthermore, the reduction in the number of genes expressed at a temperature within the thermal neutral zone indicates that liver function may be reduced at temperatures that are not typically considered as thermally stressful. Understanding how herbivorous mammals will respond to ambient temperature is imperative to accurately predict the impacts of climate change.
THE ASSESSMENT OF FASCIOLA GIGANTICA INFECTION IN THE RABBIT (ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS) AS A LABORATORY MODEL PARASITE DEVELOPMENT - CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND LIVER PATHOLOGY ADEDOKUN, O. A and FAGBEMI, B. 0. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

In this study, the rabbit was assessed as a laboratory host for the helminthes parasite, Fasciola gigantica. Three groups of rabbits were Infected experimentally with 5, 10 end 15 metacercariae of F. gigantica respectively. Clinical signs found included pale mucous membrane, progressive emaciation and rough hair coat. The post mortem findings Included haemorrhage and scattered calcified nodules on the omentum. Echymosis. fibrosis and necrosis were prominent on (he Ever in addition to fibrosis and thickening of the gall bladder and bife ducts. Histopathology of the Ever revealed congestion. haemorrhage, ceffular Infiltration end necrosis, BE. ducts were hyper plastic and fibrotic with sever Inflammatory reactions. The ova of gigantica were recovered from the faeces of some infected rabbits at 10 weeks post infection. Mean number of flukes recovered from the rabbits was 0 in the 5 metacercariae group, 2 in the 10 metacercariae group and 5 in the group given 15 metacercariae.
Computationally Efficient 3-D Eddy Current Loss Prediction in Magnets of Interior Permanent Magnet Machines

This paper proposes a computationally efficient method based on imaging technique, for accurate prediction of 3-D eddy current loss in the rotor magnets of interior permanent magnet (IPM) machines. The 2-D time-stepped finite-element analysis (FEA) is employed to generate the radial and the tangential 2-D magnetic field information within the magnet for the application of the 3-D imaging technique. The method is validated with 3-D time-stepped FEA for an 8 pole, 18 slot IPM machine evaluating its resistance limited magnet loss with the increase in axial and tangential segmentation. Magnet loss considering eddy current reaction at high frequencies is evaluated from the proposed method by employing the diffusion of the 2-D magnetic field variation along the axial plane. The loss associated with all the frequencies together in the armature currents is evaluated by considering each of the harmonics separately in the proposed method employing the frozen permeability to account for magnetic saturation. The results obtained are verified with 3-D FEA evaluating the magnet loss at fundamental, 10 and 20 kHz time harmonics in armature currents.
Bayesian nonparametric modeling of driver behavior

Modern vehicles are equipped with increasingly complex sensors. These sensors generate large volumes of data that provide opportunities for modeling and analysis. Here, we are interested in exploiting this data to learn aspects of behaviors and the road network associated with individual drivers. Our dataset is collected on a standard vehicle used to commute to work and for personal trips. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) trained on the GPS position and orientation data is utilized to compress the large amount of position information into a small amount of road segment states. Each state has a set of observations, i.e. car signals, associated with it that are quantized and modeled as draws from a Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP). The inference for the topic distributions is carried out using an online variational inference algorithm. The topic distributions over joint quantized car signals characterize the driving situation in the respective road state. In a novel manner, we demonstrate how the sparsity of the personal road network of a driver in conjunction with a hierarchical topic model allows data driven predictions about destinations as well as likely road conditions.
Republished: Sinus thrombectomy for purulent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis utilizing a novel combination of the Trevo stent retriever and the Penumbra ACE aspiration catheter: the stent anchor with mobile aspiration technique

Intracranial complications of sinusitis are rare but life threatening. We present a case of a 17-year-old woman with sinusitis who deteriorated over the course of 12 days from subdural empyema and global purulent cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The patient was managed with surgery and mechanical thrombectomy utilizing a novel ‘stent anchor with mobile aspiration technique’, in which a Trevo stent retriever (Stryker) was anchored in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) while a 5 MAX ACE reperfusion catheter (Penumbra) was passed back and forth from the SSS to the sigmoid sinus with resultant dramatic improvement in venous outflow. The patient was extubated on postoperative day 3 and was discharged with minimal lower extremity weakness on postoperative day 11. This is the first report using the Trevo stent retriever for sinus thrombosis. It is important to keep these rare complications in mind when evaluating patients with oral and facial infections.
Mouse ChemR23 Is Expressed in Dendritic Cell Subsets and Macrophages, and Mediates an Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chemerin in a Lung Disease Model1

Chemerin is the ligand of the ChemR23 receptor and a chemoattractant factor for human immature dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and NK cells. In this study, we characterized the mouse chemerin/ChemR23 system in terms of pharmacology, structure-function, distribution, and in vivo biological properties. Mouse chemerin is synthesized as an inactive precursor (prochemerin) requiring, as in human, the precise processing of its C terminus for generating an agonist of ChemR23. Mouse ChemR23 is highly expressed in immature plasmacytoid DCs and at lower levels in myeloid DCs, macrophages, and NK cells. Mouse prochemerin is expressed in most epithelial cells acting as barriers for pathogens but not in leukocytes. Chemerin promotes calcium mobilization and chemotaxis on DCs and macrophages and these functional responses were abrogated in ChemR23 knockout mice. In a mouse model of acute lung inflammation induced by LPS, chemerin displayed potent anti-inflammatory properties, reducing neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory cytokine release in a ChemR23-dependent manner. ChemR23 knockout mice were unresponsive to chemerin and displayed an increased neutrophil infiltrate following LPS challenge. Altogether, the mouse chemerin/ChemR23 system is structurally and functionally conserved between human and mouse, and mouse can therefore be considered as a good model for studying the anti-inflammatory role of this system in the regulation of immune responses and inflammatory diseases.
Incidence of Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Breast Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Study

BackgroundPain after breast cancer therapy is a recognized complication found to have an adverse impact on patient's quality of life, increasing psychosocial distress. In recent years, case reports about myofascial pain syndrome are emerging in thoracic surgery as a cause of postsurgery pain. Myofascial pain syndrome is a regional pain syndrome characterized by myofascial trigger points in palpable taut bands of skeletal muscle that refers pain a distance, and that can cause distant motor and autonomic effects. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome prospectively 12 months after breast cancer surgery. MethodsEach participant was assessed preoperatively, postoperatively between day 3 and day 5, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. A physical therapist, expert in the diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome, performed follow-up assessments. Pain descriptions by the patients and pain pattern drawings in body forms guided the physical examination. The patients were not given any information concerning myofascial pain or other muscle pain syndromes. ResultsOne year follow-up was completed by 116 women. Of these, 52 women developed myofascial pain syndrome (44.8%, 95% confidence interval: 35.6, 54.3). ConclusionMyofascial pain syndrome is a common source of pain in women undergoing breast cancer surgery that includes axillary lymph node dissection at least during the first year after surgery. Myofascial pain syndrome is one potential cause of chronic pain in breast cancer survivors who have undergone this kind of surgery.
Excitation Energy Transfer in Dimeric Light Harvesting Complex I: A Combined Streak-Camera/Fluorescence Upconversion Study

The excitation dynamics in isolated dimers of light harvesting complex I, the peripheral light harvesting complex associated with photosystem I in green plants, was studied by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. A unique combination of two techniques, fluorescence upconversion and synchroscan streak-camera measurements, revealed the energy transfer and decay of excitations over a time range from a hundred femtoseconds up to several nanoseconds, over a spectral range from 570 to 780 nm. Energy transfer from initially excited carotenoid S2 states to the chlorophylls was found to occur within 0.15 ps. Energy transfer from chlorophyll b (Chlb)to chlorophyll a (Chla) occurred with two distinctly different lifetimes of 0.5 and 2−3 ps. The 0.5 ps component mainly reflects transfer to bulk Chla, whereas the 2−3 ps component may also account for direct transfer to the special red-shifted Chla forms. Equilibration between the bulk Chla's and these red-shifted forms occurs with lifetimes of 4−8 and ∼20 ps, whic.
Application of Shaping Technique to Multi-level Turbo-coded Modulation

This article presents a method for the combined Turbo-code and QAM modulation using coset coding. A symbolbased Turbo-code acting on symbols of size 4 is used to select a coset along each one-D sub-constellation (using the partition Z Z). The proposed method satisfies the conditions for the separability of shaping and coding, and consequently, can be easily integrated with a shaping algorithm. Numerical results are presented which show that the proposed configuration outperforms the best known techniques in terms of the complexity and BER performance. The proposed method also demonstrates an excellent performance near the error floor region.
Agent Fabrication and Its Implementation for Agent-based Electronic

In the last decade, agent-based e-commerce has emerged as a potential role for the next generation of e-commerce. How to create agents for e-commerce applications has become a serious consideration in this field. This paper proposes a new scheme named agent fabrication and elaborates its implementation in multi-agent systems based on the SAFER (Secure Agent Fabrication, Evolution & Roaming) architecture. First, a conceptual structure is proposed for software agents carrying out e-commerce activities. Furthermore, agent module suitcase is defined to facilitate agent fabrication. With these definitions and facilities in the SAFER architecture, the formalities of agent fabrication are elaborated. In order to enhance the security of agent-based ecommerce, an infrastructure of agent authorization and authentication is integrated in agent fabrication. Our implementation and prototype applications show that the proposed agent fabrication scheme brings forth a potential solution for creating agents in agent-based e-commerce applications.
Correlation Analysis Connects Cancer Subtypes

We provided a cross-tissue comparative analysis of between-subtype molecular commonality for ovarian cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioma, lung squamous carcinoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Our analysis showed that molecular subtypes with similar phenotype or similar clinical outcome could be correlated by their transcriptional profile and pathway profile. Pathway dysregulation across multiple cancer subtypes was also revealed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Dysregulation of ‘complement and coagulation cascades’ was observed in a total of eleven subtypes across five tissues, implicating that the role of this process in personalized immune-based therapy may be worth further exploring.
Role of Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilm formation and lipopolysaccharide in relapse of melioidosis

We examined whether quantitative biofilm formation and/or lipopolysaccharide type of Burkholderia pseudomallei was associated with relapsing melioidosis. We devised a 1 : 4 nested case–control study in which both cases and controls were drawn from a cohort of patients with primary melioidosis. Paired isolates from 80 patients with relapse and single isolates from 184 patients without relapse were tested. Relapse was associated with biofilm formation of the primary infecting isolate (conditional OR 2.03; 95% CI 1.27–3.25; p 0.003), but not with lipopolysaccharide type (p 0.74). This finding highlights the importance of biofilm formation in relapsing melioidosis.
EEGLAB, SIFT, NFT, BCILAB, and ERICA: New Tools for Advanced EEG Processing

We describe a set of complementary EEG data collection and processing tools recently developed at the Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience (SCCN) that connect to and extend the EEGLAB software environment, a freely available and readily extensible processing environment running under Matlab. The new tools include (1) a new and flexible EEGLAB STUDY design facility for framing and performing statistical analyses on data from multiple subjects; (2) a neuroelectromagnetic forward head modeling toolbox (NFT) for building realistic electrical head models from available data; (3) a source information flow toolbox (SIFT) for modeling ongoing or event-related effective connectivity between cortical areas; (4) a BCILAB toolbox for building online brain-computer interface (BCI) models from available data, and (5) an experimental real-time interactive control and analysis (ERICA) environment for real-time production and coordination of interactive, multimodal experiments.
Hop counts reduction of ZigBee nodes by cooperating wireless LAN in ZigBee network

Lately, ZigBee has been attracting attention as a short-range wireless communication standard. In a ZigBee network, it is necessary to suppress the packet transfer load because ZigBee needs to operate with low power consumption and within narrow communication bandwidth. On the other hand, in typical environments in which ZigBee is utilized, such as a smart home network, it generally coexists with WLAN (Wireless LAN), which has relatively long idle periods. Thus, to reduce the communication load in ZigBee, this paper proposes a hop counts reduction method, where some packets in the ZigBee network are transferred via WLAN when the WLAN is not overloaded. Existing studies that assume an environment in which ZigBee and WLAN coexist are only concerned with interference avoidance between the two networks. On the other hand, this paper focuses on adaptive cooperation, which enables more efficient communication with low power consumption and higher channel utilization.