Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Test Set Modification for Capture Power Reduction

The occurrence of high switching activity when the response to a test vector is captured by ﬂip-ﬂops in scan testing may cause excessive IR drop, resulting in signiﬁcant test-induced yield loss. This paper addresses the problem with a novel method based on test set modiﬁcation, featuring (1) a new constrained X -identiﬁcation technique that turns a properly selected set of bits in a fully-speciﬁed test set into X -bits without fault coverage loss, and (2) a new LCP (low capture power) X -ﬁlling technique that optimally assigns 0’s and 1’s to the X -bits for the purpose of reducing the switching activity of the resulting test set in capture mode. This method can be readily applied in any test generation ﬂow for capture power reduction without any impact on area, timing, test set size, and fault coverage.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and the Ketogenic Diet

Summary: Purpose: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a condition that is frequently associated with intractable, early‐onset epilepsy, and often is first seen as infantile spasms. If medications fail and no clear epileptogenic tuber is identified, nonpharmacologic therapies are often attempted. The use of the ketogenic diet specifically for children with TSC and epilepsy has not been previously described.
Atg26-Mediated Pexophagy Is Required for Host Invasion by the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare[C][W]

The number of peroxisomes in a cell can change rapidly in response to changing environmental and physiological conditions. Pexophagy, a type of selective autophagy, is involved in peroxisome degradation, but its physiological role remains to be clarified. Here, we report that cells of the cucumber anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare undergo peroxisome degradation as they infect host plants. We performed a random insertional mutagenesis screen to identify genes involved in cucumber pathogenesis by C. orbiculare. In this screen, we isolated a homolog of Pichia pastoris ATG26, which encodes a sterol glucosyltransferase that enhances pexophagy in this methylotrophic yeast. The C. orbiculare atg26 mutant developed appressoria but exhibited a specific defect in the subsequent host invasion step, implying a relationship between pexophagy and fungal phytopathogenicity. Consistent with this, its peroxisomes are degraded inside vacuoles, accompanied by the formation of autophagosomes during infection-related morphogenesis. The autophagic degradation of peroxisomes was significantly delayed in the appressoria of the atg26 mutant. Functional domain analysis of Atg26 suggested that both the phosphoinositide binding domain and the catalytic domain are required for pexophagy and pathogenicity. In contrast with the atg26 mutant, which is able to form appressoria, the atg8 mutant, which is defective in the entire autophagic pathway, cannot form normal appressoria in the earlier steps of morphogenesis. These results indicate a specific function for Atg26-enhanced pexophagy during host invasion by C. orbiculare.
Characterization and comparison of two newly established epstein‐barr virus‐negative lymphoma B‐cell lines: Surface markers, growth characteristics, cytogenetics, and transplantability

Two Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐negative lymphoma B‐cell lines, HBL‐1 and HBL‐2, were established from a pleural effusion and a lymph node biopsy of two patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma. HBL‐1 and HBL‐2 showed the characteristics of activated B‐cells in B‐cell lineage, as did original lymphoma cells. Chromosome analyses revealed that HBL‐1 exhibiting 14q+ marker‐positive lymphoid cancer showed a new subclass of 14q32 translocation resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 14 and 16, which had been masked in a complex translocation involving five chromosomes, and that HBL‐2 had a 14q+ marker chromosome, the result of an 11;14 translocation [t(11;14)(q13;32)]. Successful heterotransplantation into athymic nude mice demonstrated tumorigenicity of HBL‐1 and HBL‐2. The transplantability and tumor growth rate of HBL‐2 were higher and more rapid than those of HBL‐1. HBL‐1 and HBL‐2 appear useful for facilitating therapeutic investigations as well as immunologic and oncogenic studies in B‐cell lymphomas.
Estimation of Intracellular Concentration of Stavudine Triphosphate in HIV-Infected Children Given a Reduced Dose of 0.5 Milligrams per Kilogram Twice Daily

ABSTRACT The antiviral efficacy of stavudine depends on the trough concentration of its intracellular metabolite, stavudine-triphosphate (d4T-TP), while the degree of stavudine's mitochondrial toxicity depends on its peak concentration. Rates of mitochondrial toxicity are high when stavudine is used at the current standard pediatric dose (1 mg/kg twice daily [BID]). Evidence from adult work suggests that half of the original standard adult dose (i.e., 20 mg BID) may be equally effective, with markedly less mitochondrial toxicity. We present a population pharmacokinetic model to predict intracellular d4T-TP concentrations in pediatric HIV-infected patients administered a dose of 0.5 mg/kg BID. Our model predicted that the reduced pediatric dose would result in a trough intracellular d4T-TP concentration above that of the reduced 20-mg adult dose and a peak concentration below that of the 20-mg adult dose. The simulated pediatric intracellular d4T-TP at 0.5 mg/kg BID resulted in median peak and trough values of approximately 23.9 fmol/106 cells (95% prediction interval [PI], 14.2 to 41 fmol/106 cells) and 14.8 fmol/106 cells (95% PI, 7.2 to 31 fmol/106 cells), respectively. The peak and trough concentrations resulting from a 20-mg BID adult dose were 28.4 fmol/106 cells (95% PI, 17.3 to 45.5 fmol/106 cells) and 13 fmol/106 cells (95% PI, 6.8 to 28.6 fmol/106 cells), respectively. Halving the current standard pediatric dose should therefore not compromise antiviral efficacy, while markedly reducing mitochondrial toxicity.
Time Is Precious

Synaptic neurotransmission is relatively weak, so it is a puzzle how neurons are able to encode complicated pieces of information and then pass this information on to neighboring neurons. In his Perspective, [Abeles][1] explores the results of a new study ([ Ikegaya et al .][2]) that detects patterns of spontaneous neuronal activity repeated with millisecond precision in cortical brain slices. The results suggest that these patterns represent activity in "synfire" chains, which enable neurons to accurately encode information and transfer it efficiently to their neighbors. [1]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/304/5670/523 [2]: http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/short/304/5670/559
Satisfaction with life amongst the urban poor: empirical results from South Africa

Satisfaction with life is a dynamic factor which merits ongoing research takes into consideration all contextual influences. This study assessed the influence of four economic factors, namely employment status, rural/urban residence, public service delivery and poverty on satisfaction with life amongst the urban poor in South Africa. Although satisfaction with life is a well-research concept in most environments, no consensus exists on the results, which prompts the need for continuous research. A survey design was adopted involving 402 purposively selected residents of Sebokeng Township in Gauteng Province. Regression analysis revealed that employment status, public service delivery and poverty significantly predicted satisfaction with life. Residing in the rural areas was statistically insignificant. The study provides current insights on the association between economic factors and satisfaction with life amongst poor people in urban societies. The study may be used by governments in developing countries to develop policies for improving the socio-economic well-being of poor societies.
A Survey on Identification of Fake News

: Fake News is a major problem faced by many agencies and organisations which may seem like a corporate issue but is a threat to the very idea of democracy and every citizen’s right to information. It is one of the major false practice issue growing at an enormous rate on online social media platforms disrupting the journalistic practices of spreading the truth to the people unaware of the background of news. Stanford University, in one of its recent studies, has provided a definition of fake news, “We define fake news to be news articles that are intentionally and verifiably false, and could mislead readers”. News sensationalism, falsification, and exaggeration are the first steps in spreading these pieces of propaganda. It is one of the biggest problems for news organisations which are trying to report truth to the average citizen but are slowed down in the process due to some culprits for their own gains and compromising all the journalistic effort put in by all the people behind the news cycle. Machine Learning and Data Science are contemporary fields of computer science which are able handle complex problems and are tackling those problems head on. Ours is an effort to use these vast technologies to solve the problem of fake news on social platforms like Twitter.
On the asymptotic performance of spatially-coupled codes with minimal coupling

Spatially-coupled codes have low-complexity structures and a low-delay decoding architecture, which nominate them as a very desirable candidate for communication standards. In this paper, a study on the asymptotic performance of spatially-coupled ensembles over the binary erasure channel (BEC) with density evolution analysis based on the belief-propagation algorithm is conducted. We identify all possible members of base matrices with minimal coupling (corresponding to a code memory of one and two) for asymptotically (3; 6)-regular spatially-coupled codes. For ensembles with single memory, block decoding and window decoding thresholds are calculated and for ensembles with memory of two, window decoding thresholds are calculated. It is shown that not only block decoding thresholds of finite-length spatially-coupled ensembles over BEC is better than LDPC block codes, but also are their window decoding thresholds. Based on the results, spatially-coupled code ensembles with the best performance are identified and some practical code design criteria are presented.
HLA-D and T lymphocyte reactivity to specific periodontal pathogens in type 1 diabetic periodontitis.

Bacterial antigen fragments complexed with class II major histocompatibility molecules (HLA-D) on antigen presenting cells (APCs) stimulate CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferation, presumably to protect the host. This study examined these responses to antigens of two periodontal pathogens in four groups (n = 15) of age- (young adult) and sex-matched Caucasian subjects with or without type 1 diabetes and moderate to severe periodontitis: Group DP = diabetics with periodontitis; Group DnP = diabetics without periodontitis; Group nDP = nondiabetics with periodontitis; and Group nDnP = nondiabetics without periodontitis. HLA-D phenotypes for each subject were determined by lymphocytotoxicity assays. T lymphocytes purified from peripheral blood were stimulated in cell culture with APC pulsed with various concentrations of tetanus toxoid, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Capnocytophaga sputigena antigens. T lymphocyte reactivity (3H thymidine incorporation) was numerically lower in cultures from diabetics stimulated with unpulsed APC (not significant), and antigen-pulsed cultures showed low proliferation and no significant differences among groups. Stimulation indices in cultures from diabetic patients stimulated with P. gingivalis or C. sputigena, however, were significantly elevated at all antigen concentrations compared to nondiabetic cultures. The occurrence of HLA-DR4 was moderately associated with diabetes (P < 0.05) and highly associated with periodontitis (P < 0.001, log-linear model for categorical variables); and HLA-DR53 and HLA-DQ3 were significantly associated with periodontitis (P < or = 0.02). HLA-DR was crucial to lymphocyte stimulation (anti-HLA-DR blocking experiments), but the low peripheral blood T cell reactivity to antigens of periodontal pathogens could not be linked with HLA-D type or periodontitis susceptibility. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Analisis Prioritas Solusi Permasalahan Pengelolaan Wakaf Produktif (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Banjarnegara)

Waqf is one of the instruments in Islamic economics that can be used for development funding. In addition, waqf is also very potential to improve people’s welfare. In essence, the waqf is a matter that should be productively managed as contained in the hadith. However, it is currently in the opposite state. This study analyzes the priority of problems and solutions to optimize the management of waqf assets in Banjarnegara Regency, one of regencies in Central Java with highest poverty rate. Analytic Network Process (ANP) is the method used in this study. The result of the research shows that the main priority of human resource problem is the low managerial ability of the nazhir. The priority of institutional problem is the role of BWI Banjarnegara that is not yet optimal, while the priority of the government problem is the lack of support and role of the government. The priority solution of the most important problem is coaching and mentoring for nazhir.
An Investigation into the need for highway bypass development

With the relationship between transport networks and land use often already conflicted, modern transport planning and infrastructure delivery need to be focused on more holistic outcomes for a broader stakeholder base. This paper provides an investigation into the contributing factors for highway bypass development to regional centres. It includes a literature review with an analysis of highway bypass case studies, comparatively assessing the benefits of bypasses with the alternative options of through-roads and formulating mechanisms for the need for bypass development. A representative sample of regional centres of populations approximately between 5,000 and 110,000 from Queensland, Australia were then selected to compare and contrast findings including road hierarchy assessments in accordance with Austroads guidelines. This paper presents findings suggesting that bypass routes have universal benefit to regional centres and motorists. The findings indicate that the need for highway bypass development to regional centres can be determined based on allowable flexibility in a comprehensive road hierarchy model, but where road safety, road capacity and freight efficiency outcomes are not adversely compromised.
Stability of International Normalized Ratios in Patients Taking Long-term Warfarin Therapy.

Stability of International Normalized Ratios in Patients Taking Long-term Warfarin Therapy Warfarin substantially decreases stroke risk among patients with atrial fibrillation yet has a narrow therapeutic window (international normalized ratio [INR] values of 2.0-3.0) and is associated with multiple drug and food interactions.1 Non– vitamin K oral anticoagulants do not require drug monitoring and have similar or improved safety and efficacy relative to warfarin but are more costly.2 Whether patients previously stable on warfarin should be switched to non–vitamin K oral anticoagulants remains controversial but may be informed by determining whether patients receiving warfarin who have stable INR values remain stable over time. Methods | Written informed consent was obtained for registry enrollment. The Duke institutional review board approved this study. Data were obtained from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation, a prospective registry of patients with atrial fibrillation from 176 clinics who were enrolled June 2010 through August 2011 and followed up for 3 years through November 2014.3 Patients receiving warfarin at baseline with 3 or more INR values in the first 6 months and 6 or more in the subsequent year were included. Stability was defined as 80% or more INRs in therapeutic range (2.0-3.0). An R2 value assessed stability in the first 6 months as a predictor of stability in the subsequent year (both continuous). A C index determined whether stable INR during the baseline 6 months discriminated stable INR in the subsequent year.
Lactose handling by women with lactose malabsorption is improved during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate lactose handling among women in late pregnancy and post partum to determine whether lactose handling is altered in pregnancy. DESIGN Prospective study of lactose intolerance among pregnant women with and without lactose malabsorption. SETTING Gastroenterology service of the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal. PATIENTS Thirty-three pregnant women, of whom 18 had lactose malabsorption, 12 did not and 3 were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES Lactose breath hydrogen (BH2) concentration after ingestion of lactose or lactulose; comparison before and after delivery of area under the curve (AUC) for lactose, oral-cecal transit time (OCTT) for lactulose, lactose-BH2-derived transit time and estimated dietary lactose consumption. RESULTS After weaning (at a median time of 9 months after delivery), 28 of the women returned for follow-up. Of the 12 who could absorb lactose before delivery, 4 could no longer absorb lactose. Of the other 16 women, lactose intolerance worsened in 12, remained the same in 2 and improved in 2. The AUC was greater (p < 0.005), the maximal BH2 concentration was higher (p = 0.004) and the number of women whose BH2 concentration peaked was fewer (p < 0.025) post partum than before delivery. The women's symptoms during and after lactose BH2 tests were also greater post partum. The OCTT (based on the lactulose BH2 test) was shorter post partum (p = 0.001). Transit time derived from lactose BH2 tests was also shorter, but not significantly so. The OCTT was not inversely correlated with the change in AUC before and after delivery, but the lactose-BH2-derived transit time was inversely correlated. Pregnant women consumed more lactose before delivery than afterward (p < 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Women with lactose malabsorption handle lactose better than usual in late pregnancy. Slow intestinal transit and bacterial adaptation to increased lactose intake may be primarily responsible.
Building the Case for Succession Planning in Higher Education: A Study of Succession Planning Pilots within the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System

This qualitative research study examines the role of succession planning in five two-year colleges in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system (MnSCU). The role of succession planning to help prepare colleges for the leadership crisis is examined by exploring the participation of these colleges in a system pilot program. Succession planning, commonly used in business and private sector, remains a new concept in higher education. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative study will be to identify the challenges that prevent campuses from succession planning, tie leadership pipeline issues and their resolution to succession planning practices, and provide recommendations on how to capitalize on the opportunities presented through succession planning initiatives. College CHRO’s and other involved college leaders were interviewed about their participation in the succession planning pilot, including their use of an adopted framework, to understand if and how succession planning impacted their ability to mitigate the factors of the leadership crisis. The results from the research provide new knowledge to inform the existing body of research, highlights information about the impact of succession planning, and gives guidance on the design and implementation of succession planning.
Development and characterization of itraconazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for ocular delivery

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of entrapping water-insoluble drug itraconazole into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for topical ocular delivery. The drug-loaded SLNs were prepared from stearic acid and palmitic acid using different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol employed as emulsifier. SLNs were prepared by the melt-emulsion sonication and low temperature-solidification method and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, drug loading and drug entrapment efficiency. The mean particle size of SLNs prepared with stearic acid ranged from 139 to 199 nm, while the SLNs prepared with palmitic acid had particle size in the range of 126–160 nm. The SLNs were spherical in shape. Stearic acid-SLNs showed higher entrapment of drug compared with palmitic acid-SLNs. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction measurements showed decrease in crystallinity of drug in the SLN formulations. The modified Franz-diffusion cell and freshly excised goat corneas were used to test drug corneal permeability. Permeation of itraconazole from stearic acid-SLNs was higher than that obtained with palmitic acid-SLNs. The SLNs showed clear zone of inhibition against Aspergillus flavus indicating antimicrobial efficacy of formulations.
A High-Fidelity and Computationally Efficient Model for Interior Permanent-Magnet Machines Considering the Magnetic Saturation, Spatial Harmonics, and Iron Loss Effect

Interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machines exhibit relatively large spatial harmonics in phase voltages and high nonlinearity in torque production due to both the presence of reluctance torque and the magnetic saturation in stator and rotor cores. To simulate the real electromagnetic behavior of IPM machines, this paper proposes a high-fidelity and computationally efficient machine model considering the magnetic saturation, the spatial harmonics, and the iron loss effect based on the inverse solution of the flux linkages extracted via finite-element analysis (FEA). Neither FEA nor a derivative computation is involved in the time-stepping simulation; thereby, the proposed model is computationally efficient and numerically robust. The high fidelity of the proposed machine model is validated by both the FEA and the experimental results.
Crystal Structures and Reference Powder Patterns of BaR2ZnO5 (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, and Tm)

Reference x-ray powder patterns and the crystal structures of the lanthanide compounds, BaR2ZnO5, in which R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, or Tm, were determined by the x-ray Rietveld refinement technique. A structural trend was confirmed for this series of compounds. The compounds with smaller ionic radii (R = Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, or Tm) are isostructural to the orthorhombic “green phase” (BaY2CuO5). The lattice parameters for compounds with R = Tm to Sm range from a = 7.01855(9) Å to 7.20452(14) Å, b = 12.25445 (17) Å to 12.5882(2) Å, and c = 5.6786(14) Å to 5.81218(11) Å, respectively. R is sevenfold coordinated inside a monocapped trigonal prism. These prisms share edges to form wave-like chains parallel to the long b-axis. The BaR2ZnO5 compounds which contain larger size R (La and Nd) crystallize in the tetragonal space group I4/mcm. The lattice parameters are a = 6.90982(10) and c = 11.5977(2) Å for BaLa2ZnO5, and a = 6.75979(5) Å and c = 11.54560(12) Å for BaNd2ZnO5. The structure consists of ZnO4 tetrahedra (instead of planar CuO4 groups as found in BaR2CuO5) with 10-fold coordinated bicapped square prismatic Ba and 8-fold coordinated bicapped trigonal prismatic R ions between them. The reference x-ray powder patterns will be submitted to the Powder Diffraction File (PDF).