Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sliding labels for dynamic point labeling

We study a dynamic labeling problem for points on a line that is closely related to labeling of zoomable maps. Typically, labels have a constant size on screen, which means that, as the scale of the map decreases during zooming, the labels grow relatively to the set of points, and conicts may occur due to overlapping labels. Our algorithmic problem is a combined dynamic selection and placement problem in a sliding-label model: (i) select for each label ‘ a contiguous active range of map scales at which ‘ is displayed, and (ii) place each label at an appropriate position relative to its anchor point by sliding it along the point. The active range optimization (ARO) problem is to select active ranges and slider positions so that no two labels intersect at any scale and the sum of the lengths of active ranges is maximized. We present a dynamic programming algorithm to solve the discrete k-position ARO problem optimally and an FPTAS for the continuous sliding ARO problem.
ON A PROBABILISTIC ALGORITHM SOLVING DISCRETE LOGARITHM PROBLEM

Recently, Gadiyar et al. presented a probabilistic algorithm solving discrete logarithm problem over ﬁnite ﬁelds. In this paper, we compare the running time of this algorithm with Pollard’s rho algorithm and we improve the required memory of the algorithm as a negligable memory by using some collision detection algorithms.
Towards technology-assisted co-construction with communication partners

In this paper, we examine the idea of technology-assisted co-construction, where the communication partner of an AAC user can make guesses about the intended messages, which are included in the user's word completion/prediction interface. We run some human trials to simulate this new interface concept, with subjects predicting words as the user's intended message is being generated in real time with specified typing speeds. Results indicate that people can provide substantial keystroke savings by providing word completion or prediction, but that the savings are not as high as n-gram language models. Interestingly, the language model and human predictions are complementary in certain key ways -- humans doing a better job in some circumstances on contextually salient nouns. We discuss implications of the enhanced co-construction interface for real-time message generation in AAC direct selection devices.
Irregular mapping design for bit-interleaved coded modulation with low complexity iterative decoding

Bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) is an effective technology to approach the channel capacity for high-order modulations, which makes it especially fit for the circumstances where both efficient code rate and superior performance are needed, such as bandwidth limited wireless broadcasting or mobile communications. However, to achieve the target of near capacity decoding, many times of iteration is assumed, which heavily adds complexity to the receiving side. If the times of iteration lowers down, considerable degradation could be observed. The design rules of near capacity decoding cannot generally guarantee a still acceptable performance for a few times of iteration. In this paper, to lessen the decoding complexity, an irregular mapping design aiming at maximizing the extrinsic mutual information after a fixed times of iteration is studied. And the simulations show that our method obtains coding gains from 0.4 dB to 1.2 dB at BER=10-5 compared to other known mappings on condition of 4 times of iteration.
Beyond English Only: Addressing Language Interpretation in Professional Psychology Training

Professional guidelines direct that psychologists working with clients with limited English proficiency should involve an interpreter if a mental health professional fluent in the client’s language is unavailable. However, complexities of interpreted therapy require training. We describe 9 relevant areas of trainee skill acquisition and also surveyed 102 multicultural course instructors in American Psychological Association–accredited psychology programs regarding current professional training. Only 55 (54%) instructors reported providing any training on working with language interpreters, with 16 (16%) providing more than 2 hr of training. Instructors ranked 9 proposed skill areas and gave recommendations for overcoming barriers and working with interpreters to assist clients with limited English proficiency. The proposed areas of professional competence provide starting points for therapists learning the complexities of interpreted therapy.
Articulated Hand Pose Estimation Review

With the increase number of companies focusing on commercializing Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR) and wearable devices, the need for a hand based input mechanism is becoming essential in order to make the experience natural, seamless and immersive. Hand pose estimation has progressed drastically in recent years due to the introduction of commodity depth cameras. Hand pose estimation based on vision is still a challenging problem due to its complexity from self-occlusion (between fingers), close similarity between fingers, dexterity of the hands, speed of the pose and the high dimension of the hand kinematic parameters. Articulated hand pose estimation is still an open problem and under intensive research from both academia and industry. The 2 approaches used for hand pose estimation are: discriminative and generative. Generative approach is a model based that tries to fit a hand model to the observed data. Discriminative approach is appearance based, usually implemented with machine learning (ML) and require a large amount of training data. Recent hand pose estimation uses hybrid approach by combining both discriminative and generative methods into a single hand pipeline. In this paper, we focus on reviewing recent progress of hand pose estimation from depth sensor. We will survey discriminative methods, generative methods and hybrid methods. This paper is not a comprehensive review of all hand pose estimation techniques, it is a subset of some of the recent state-of-the-art techniques.
Functional Analysis of the TRIB1 Associated Locus Linked to Plasma Triglycerides and Coronary Artery Disease

Background The TRIB1 locus has been linked to hepatic triglyceride metabolism in mice and to plasma triglycerides and coronary artery disease in humans. The lipid‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identified by genome‐wide association studies, are located ≈30 kb downstream from TRIB1, suggesting complex regulatory effects on genes or pathways relevant to hepatic triglyceride metabolism. The goal of this study was to investigate the functional relationship between common SNPs at the TRIB1 locus and plasma lipid traits. Methods and Results Characterization of the risk locus reveals that it encompasses a gene, TRIB1‐associated locus (TRIBAL), composed of a well‐conserved promoter region and an alternatively spliced transcript. Bioinformatic analysis and resequencing identified a single SNP, rs2001844, within the promoter region that associates with increased plasma triglycerides and reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary artery disease risk. Further, correction for triglycerides as a covariate indicated that the genome‐wide association studies association is largely dependent on triglycerides. In addition, we show that rs2001844 is an expression trait locus (eQTL) for TRIB1 expression in blood and alters TRIBAL promoter activity in a reporter assay model. The TRIBAL transcript has features typical of long noncoding RNAs, including poor sequence conservation. Modulation of TRIBAL expression had limited impact on either TRIB1 or lipid regulatory genes mRNA levels in human hepatocyte models. In contrast, TRIB1 knockdown markedly increased TRIBAL expression in HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes. Conclusions These studies demonstrate an interplay between a novel locus, TRIBAL, and TRIB1. TRIBAL is located in the genome‐wide association studies identified risk locus, responds to altered expression of TRIB1, harbors a risk SNP that is an eQTL for TRIB1 expression, and associates with plasma triglyceride concentrations.
Predicting attitudes and behavioural intentions towards social entrepreneurship: the role of servant leadership in young people / Predicción de las actitudes y las intenciones conductuales hacia el emprendimiento social: el papel del liderazgo de servicio en los jóvenes

Abstract : Social entrepreneurship (SE) refers to the development of innovative projects whose main aim is not individual profit but the transformation of society. The issue is particularly important for promoting youth development and participation. This research offers insights from two studies designed from a multi-dimensional perspective analysing attitudes and behavioural intentions towards social ventures built upon the constructs of servant leadership and lifestyles. Results of Study 1 indicated that servant leadership is a key predictor of attitudes and behavioural intentions towards social entrepreneurship, while having a violent lifestyle is negatively associated with these attitudes and intentions. Study 2 showed that servant leadership style predicted attitudes towards social entrepreneurship over and above other types of leadership (i.e., transformational, transactional and laissez-faire). These studies demonstrate the importance of considering servant leadership and relational styles as key factors in predicting attitudes and behavioural intentions regarding social and active participation of young people. Limitations of the study and applications to designing interventions aimed at improving attitudes and behavioural intentions towards social entrepreneurship are discussed.
Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge and Learning Activity Types

Abstract In this paper we critically analyze extant approaches to technology integration in teaching, arguing that many current methods are technocentric, often omitting sufficient consideration of the dynamic and complex relationships among content, technology, pedagogy, and context. We recommend using the technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge (TPACK) framework as a way to think about effective technology integration, recognizing technology, pedagogy, content and context as interdependent aspects of teachers’ knowledge necessary to teach content-based curricula effectively with educational technologies. We offer TPACK-based “activity types,” rooted in previous research about content-specific activity structures, as an alternative to existing professional development approaches and explain how this new way of thinking may authentically and successfully assist teachers’ and teacher educators’ technology integration efforts.
Magneto-Hydrodynamic Antenna Design and Development Analysis with prototype

A new class of antenna based on magnetohydrodynamic technique is presented. Magneto- hydrodynamic Antenna, using electrically conducting fluid, such as NaCl solution under controlled electromagnetic fields is formulated and developed. Fluid resonator volume and electric field with magnetic field decides the resonant frequency and return loss respectively to make the antenna tuneable in the frequency range 4.5 to 9 GHz. The Maxwell's equations, Navier Stokes equations and equations of mass conservation for the conducting fluid and field have been set up. These are expressed as partial differential equations for the stream function electric and magnetic fields, these equations are first order in time. By discretizing these equations, we are able to numerically evaluate velocity field of the fluid in the near field region and electromagnetic field in the far field region. We propose to design, develop, formulate and fabricate an prototype MHD antenna (1-3). Formulations of a rotating fluid frame, evolution of pointing vector, permeability and permittivity of MHD antenna have been worked out. Proposed work presents tuning mechanism of resonant frequency and dielectric constant for frequency agility and configurability. Measured results of prototype antenna possess return loss up to -51.1dB at 8.59 GHz resonant frequency. And simulated resonant frequency comes out to be10.5GHz.
Comparison of Principal Components Analysis on Linear and Logarithmic Magnitude of Head-Related Transfer Functions

Principal components analysis (PCA) is widely used in compression of head-related transfer function(HRTF) database. In practice, PCA is often performed on linear or logarithmic magnitude of HRTFs. These two PCA models (Linear-PCA model and Log-PCA model) were compared in this paper. Cumulative Variance Percentage, Signal-to-Distortion Ratio and Spectral Distortion were used as criterions in comparison. Results show that Cumulative Variance Percentage is inadequate to evaluate the two models, while Signal-to-Distortion Ratio and Spectral Distortion may lead to contrary conclusions. Finally, monaural loudness spectra were calculated and the results show that the Linear-PCA model is superior at most of sound source positions.
TransFind—predicting transcriptional regulators for gene sets

The analysis of putative transcription factor binding sites in promoter regions of coregulated genes allows to infer the transcription factors that underlie observed changes in gene expression. While such analyses constitute a central component of the in-silico characterization of transcriptional regulatory networks, there is still a lack of simple-to-use web servers able to combine state-of-the-art prediction methods with phylogenetic analysis and appropriate multiple testing corrected statistics, which returns the results within a short time. Having these aims in mind we developed TransFind, which is freely available at http://transfind.sys-bio.net/.
Built-In Structural Testing of Web Services

Testing Service Oriented Architecture applications is a challenging task due to the high dynamism, the low coupling and the low testability of services. Web services, a popular implementation of services, are usually provided as black box and using testing techniques based on implementation is limited. This paper presents an approach to support the use of the structural testing technique on web service testing. The approach improves web service testability by developing web services with built-in structural testing capabilities. Testers can run test cases against such web services and obtain a coverage analysis on structural testing criteria. A set of metadata provided with the testable web service helps testers to evaluate the coverage reached and the quality of their test cases. An implementation of the approach is presented using a service called JaBUTiWS that performs instrumentation and coverage analysis of Java web services. We also present a usage scenario of the approach.
Repression of AGAMOUS by BELLRINGER in Floral and Inflorescence Meristems

A common aspect of gene regulation in all developmental systems is the sustained repression of key regulatory genes in inappropriate spatial or temporal domains. To understand the mechanism of transcriptional repression of the floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS (AG), we identified two mutations in the BELLRINGER (BLR) gene based on a striking floral phenotype, in which homeotic transformations from sepals to carpels are found in flowers derived from old terminating shoots. Furthermore, this phenotype is drastically enhanced by growth at a high temperature and by combining blr with mutants of LEUNIG and SEUSS, two putative transcriptional corepressors of AG. We showed that the floral phenotype of blr mutants is caused by derepression of AG, suggesting that BLR functions as a transcription repressor. Because BLR encodes a BELL1-like (BELL) homeobox protein, direct binding of BLR to AG cis-regulatory elements was tested by gel-shift assays, and putative BLR binding motifs were identified. In addition, these putative BLR binding motifs were shown to be conserved in 17 of the 29 Brassicaceae species by phylogenetic footprinting. Because BELL homeobox proteins are a family of plant-specific transcription factors with 12 members in Arabidopsis thaliana, our findings will facilitate the identification of regulatory targets of other BELL proteins and help determine their biological functions. The age-dependent and high temperature–enhanced derepression of AG in blr mutants led us to propose that AG expression might be regulated by a thermal time-dependent molecular mechanism.
Livestock and water interactions in mixed crop-livestock farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa: interventions for improved productivity.

I n t e r n a t i o n a l Water Management I n s t i t u t e Working Papers The publications in this series records the work and thinking of IWMI researchers, and knowledge that the Institute's scientific management feels is worthy of documenting. This series will ensure that scientific data and other information gathered or prepared as a part of the research work of the Institute are recorded and referenced. Working Papers could include project reports, case studies, conference or workshop proceedings, discussion papers or reports on progress of research, country-specific research reports, monographs, etc. Working Papers may be co-published, by IWMI and partner organizations. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMI IWMI's mission is to improve the management of land and water resources for food, livelihoods and environment. In serving this mission, IWMI concentrates on the integration of policies, technologies and management systems to achieve workable solutions to real problems—practical, relevant results in the field of irrigation and water and land resources. Livestock and water interactions in mixed crop-livestock farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa: Interventions for improved productivity. / livestock / water productivity / water scarcity / farming systems / water availability / land degradation / feed production / fodder / grazing / animal production / policy / food production / Africa South of Sahara / Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) for funding the project on Improving Water Productivity of Crop-Livestock Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. We are thankful to the CGIAR Systemwide Livestock Programme (SLP), and the CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF) for their collaboration. (all ILRI staff) for reviewing earlier versions of this paper.
Graphical representation of certain moment dualities and application to population models with balancing selection

We investigate dual mechanisms for interacting particle systems. Generalizing an approach of Alkemper and Hutzenthaler in the case of coalescing duals, we show that a simple linear transformation leads to a moment duality of suitably rescaled processes. More precisely, we show how dualities of interacting particle systems of the form $H(A,B)=q^{|A\cap B|}, A,B\subset\{0,1\}^N, q\in[-1,1),$ are rescaled to yield moment dualities of rescaled processes. We discuss in particular the case $q=-1,$ which explains why certain population models with balancing selection have an annihilating dual process. We also consider different values of $q,$ and answer a question by Alkemper and Hutzenthaler.
The Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

This paper describes the fourth data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), including all survey-quality data taken through June 2004. The data release includes ﬁve-band photometric data for 180 million objects selected over 6670 deg 2 , and 673,280 spectra of galaxies, quasars, and stars selected from 4783 deg 2 of that imaging data using the standard SDSS target selection algorithms. These numbers represent a roughly 25% increment over those of the Third Data Release. The Fourth Data Release also includes an additional 131,840 spectra of objects selected using a variety of alternative algorithms, to address scientiﬁc issues ranging from the kinematics of stars in the Milky Way thick disk to populations of faint galaxies and quasars.
Model-Based Evaluation of Highly and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Dynamics in Wild Birds

There is growing interest in avian influenza (AI) epidemiology to predict disease risk in wild and domestic birds, and prevent transmission to humans. However, understanding the epidemic dynamics of highly pathogenic (HPAI) viruses remains challenging because they have rarely been detected in wild birds. We used modeling to integrate available scientific information from laboratory and field studies, evaluate AI dynamics in individual hosts and waterfowl populations, and identify key areas for future research. We developed a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model and used published laboratory challenge studies to estimate epidemiological parameters (rate of infection, latency period, recovery and mortality rates), considering the importance of age classes, and virus pathogenicity. Infectious contact leads to infection and virus shedding within 1–2 days, followed by relatively slower period for recovery or mortality. We found a shorter infectious period for HPAI than low pathogenic (LP) AI, which may explain that HPAI has been much harder to detect than LPAI during surveillance programs. Our model predicted a rapid LPAI epidemic curve, with a median duration of infection of 50–60 days and no fatalities. In contrast, HPAI dynamics had lower prevalence and higher mortality, especially in young birds. Based on field data from LPAI studies, our model suggests to increase surveillance for HPAI in post-breeding areas, because the presence of immunologically naïve young birds is predicted to cause higher HPAI prevalence and bird losses during this season. Our results indicate a better understanding of the transmission, infection, and immunity-related processes is required to refine predictions of AI risk and spread, improve surveillance for HPAI in wild birds, and develop disease control strategies to reduce potential transmission to domestic birds and/or humans.
Finite simple groups of Lie type as expanders

We prove that all finite simple groups of Lie type, with the exception of the Suzuki groups, can be made into a family of expanders in a uniform way. This confirms a conjecture of Babai, Kantor and Lubotzky from 1989, which has already been proved by Kassabov for sufficiently large rank. The bounded rank case is deduced here from a uniform result for SL2 which is obtained by combining results of Selberg and Drinfeld via an explicit construction of Ramanujan graphs by Lubotzky, Samuels and Vishne.
A core-stateless buffer management mechanism for differentiated services Internet

The IETF differentiated services (DiffServ) framework achieves scalability by moving complexity out of the core of the network into edge routers which process fewer number of flows. Previously, an end-to-end service called the premium service (PS) has been proposed under the DiffServ model to provide coarse grained guaranteed rate service. This paper presents a buffer management mechanism based on simple FIFO scheduling to support integrated transport of the PS and the traditional best effort (BE) service. A key feature in our buffer management is to perform selective packet discarding from an embedded queue at a shared buffer. We show that such a buffer management mechanism is capable of achieving the following objectives: (1) a core router does not maintain any state information for any flow (i.e., stateless); (2) the bandwidth for an PS flow is guaranteed (in conjunction with a bandwidth broker (BB) for admission control). Simulation results demonstrate that our buffer management mechanism can achieve integrated transport of the PS and the BE services.