Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electronic Scale Properties Of Pristine Stanene And Tin Forms Using Ab-Initio Methods

In the current study, elastic properties of stanene, a hexagonal honeycomb allotrope of tin is investigated using tools in computational material science. The simulations are performed using Quantum Espresso, an open-source package suit used for conducting ab-initio density functional theory simulations. The lattice structure of stanene analogous to the other groupIV elements 2D structures like graphene, silicene, and germanene. The relaxed structure of stanene in hexagonal honeycomb structure is found to have a lattice parameter a0 = 4.62 A . Unlike pristine graphene which has no buckling, stanene structure shows a buckling d0 = 0.87 A . All the calculations are carried out using generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the exchange-correlation is treated using Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional. The cohesive energy of the structure is found to be 3.85 eV/A. The calculations are conducted at groundstate without the inclusion of spin orbit coupling. The band structure, total and partial density of states at the ground state reveal the conducting nature of stanene. In addition, the second order elastic constants evaluated are reported and compared with the α-tin and β-tin counterparts. Copyright © 2019 VBRI Press.
Language, Gender, and Power in Fraternity Men's Discourse

In language and gender research, it has been noted that the fact that men hold power in society should be an important consideration when analyzing the differences between women’s and men’s language. But it has not been shown exactly how the power of men affects their speech. This study examines how members of a community of men use language, and the role of power in that language use. I investigate how the member’s identities as men affect their language use and how they actively employ language to create identities. All the men create powerful identities through language using the same general process; however, the specific linguistic manifestation of power differs from speaker to speaker, situation to situation, and even moment to moment. The general sociolinguistic process the men use to create powerful identities is role indexing: They index community- or culturally-based roles understood to be powerful (i.e., capable of affecting other people’s actions through social alignment) by using linguistic forms and strategies identified with these roles in the community and culture. The community studied is an undergraduate fraternity (and all-male social club) at a university in the United States. The fraternity men construct powerful identities because the ideology of their community organizes the world into competitive hierarchies. Power for the men is therefore a role at the top of a hierarchy. This local ideology reflects the ideology of the larger culture—hegemonic masculinity—which values some kinds of identities more than others. Men’s power is thus a role at the top of a hierarchy; however, men identify with roles in different hierarchies, leading them to construct different kinds of powerful identities. I suggest how power works in the men’s language in discourse, and how the same processes lead to variation patterns in their language-use system. Most importantly, variants have general, abstract meanings when considered globally; it is only when used in concert with other linguistic forms and strategies, and other social signaling systems, that specific meanings become clear.
Multiobjective flux balancing using the NISE method for metabolic network analysis

Flux balance analysis (FBA) is well acknowledged as an analysis tool of metabolic networks in the framework of metabolic engineering. However, FBA has a limitation for solving a multiobjective optimization problem which considers multiple conflicting objectives. In this study, we propose a novel multiobjective flux balance analysis method, which adapts the noninferior set estimation (NISE) method (Solanki et al., 1993) for multiobjective linear programming (MOLP) problems. NISE method can generate an approximation of the Pareto curve for conflicting objectives without redundant iterations of single objective optimization. Furthermore, the flux distributions at each Pareto optimal solution can be obtained for understanding the internal flux changes in the metabolic network. The functionality of this approach is shown by applying it to a genome‐scale in silico model of E. coli. Multiple objectives for the poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] production are considered simultaneously, and relationships among them are identified. The Pareto curve for maximizing succinic acid production vs. maximizing biomass production is used for the in silico analysis of various combinatorial knockout strains. This proposed method accelerates the strain improvement in the metabolic engineering by reducing computation time of obtaining the Pareto curve and analysis time of flux distribution at each Pareto optimal solution. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2009
A clustering approach for exploring the Internet structure

The paper proposes several clustering algorithms to explore the topology of the AS-graph. Using these algorithms, we are able to view the Internet topology, as encapsulated by the AS-graph, at three levels of abstraction: (1) a low-resolution view, which shows a coarse cluster cover of the whole AS-graph; (2) a mid-resolution view, showing the relationships between dense cores inside the coarse clusters; (3) a high-resolution view of individual high-density cores. Using these tools we discover that the Internet's central dense core is at least twice as large as what was previously reported. Attached to the central dense core, in what is known as the transit core, our clustering tools discovered several clusters, which we call the regional dense cores. Interestingly, these clusters are as dense as the central core itself. Our tools highlight the fact that the regional dense cores are mostly connected to the central dense core and less well connected among themselves.
The Topaz Micro-Radiofrequency Ablation Achieves Similar Results to Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release

Plantar fasciitis lifetime prevalence is approximately 10% of the US population creating a significant burden to the health care delivery system. Approximately 90% of patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis respond to nonsurgical therapy and do not require surgical intervention [1]. However plantar fasciitis has a significant deleterious effect on both foot function and general health overall functional score [2]. Suspected etiologies [3-5] include obesity, overuse due to walking or running or standing, excessive subtalar pronation, seronegative arthritis, and limited dorsiflexion of the ankle joint. Conservative therapy usually entails the use of foot orthoses, stretching exercises, local corticosteroid injection, oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other physical therapy modalities, and nonweight-bearing status and rest.
THE EFFECTS OF STEREOTYPE THREAT ON THE TEST PERFORMANCE AND TASK CHOICES OF WOMEN

Title of Document: THE EFFECTS OF STEREOTYPE THREAT ON THE TEST PERFORMANCE AND TASK CHOICES OF WOMEN Paul R. Jones, Ph.D., 2005 Directed by: Professor Charles G. Stangor, Department of Psychology Can the activation of a prevalent stereotype alleging female math inferiority influence the math performance and task choice behavior of women? If so, what mediates each of these effects? In addition, what strategies can be used to reduce the impact of this stereotype on the performance of women? Three studies examined these questions by using techniques derived from stereotype threat (Steele, 1992), self-affirmation (Steele & Liu, 1983), misattribution (Schachter, 1964) and stigma-threat (Blascovich et al., 2001a) research. In Studies 1 and 2, collegiate women and men were (or were not) presented with a gender differences (or no gender differences) instructional set either prior to completing a math test or prior to selecting an upcoming task, respectively. Study 1 demonstrated that women performed more poorly on a math test after receiving the gender differences instructional set when compared to their male counterparts. However, no gender differences emerged when women and men received a gender fair instructional set. In addition, Study 1 revealed that the gender X instructional set interaction effect on performance was mediated by task confidence perceptions—although the confidence perceptions of men heavily influenced this effect. Study 2 found a trend that suggests that the instructional set manipulation may also have implications for participants’ choice behavior. Whereas women appeared to be more likely to choose a math task over a proofreading task, when presented with a gender differences instructional set, women displayed the opposite choice pattern after receiving a gender fair instructional set. The trend amongst men suggested that they were more likely to choose a math task over a proofreading task irrespective of instructional set. Study 3 examined whether the performance deficits experienced by women could be reduced by employing either selfaffirmation or misattribution processes. The results demonstrated that these deficits were alleviated when women were allowed to affirm the self prior to completing a math task. These findings are discussed in relation to stereotype threat theory and to potential educational interventions. Future directions for stereotype threat research are also discussed. THE EFFECTS OF STEREOTYPE THREAT ON THE TEST PERFORMANCE AND TASK CHOICES OF WOMEN
Self-Association of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Nucleoprotein Is Mediated by Its N-Terminal Region and Is Not Required for Its Anti-Interferon Function

ABSTRACT Arenaviruses have a bisegmented, negative-strand RNA genome. Both the large (L) and small (S) genome segments use an ambisense coding strategy to direct the synthesis of two viral proteins. The L segment encodes the virus polymerase (L protein) and the matrix Z protein, whereas the S segment encodes the nucleoprotein (NP) and the glycoprotein precursor (GPC). NPs are the most abundant viral protein in infected cells and virions and encapsidate genomic RNA species to form an NP-RNA complex that, together with the virus L polymerase, forms the virus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) core capable of directing both replication and transcription of the viral genome. RNP formation predicts a self-association property of NPs. Here we document self-association (homotypic interaction) of the NP of the prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), as well as those of the hemorrhagic fever (HF) arenaviruses Lassa virus (LASV) and Machupo virus (MACV). We also show heterotypic interaction between NPs from both closely (LCMV and LASV) and distantly (LCMV and MACV) genetically related arenaviruses. LCMV NP self-association was dependent on the presence of single-stranded RNA and mediated by an N-terminal region of the NP that did not overlap with the previously described C-terminal NP domain involved in either counteracting the host type I interferon response or interacting with LCMV Z.
Probability of an arbitrary wedge-shaped region of the MPSK system in the presence of quadrature error

The paper presents a new and simple expression for computing the probability on an arbitrary wedge-shaped region between two different phase angles when the signal vector is perturbed by two-dimensional Gaussian noise in the presence of a quadrature error. The two-dimensional Gaussian Q-function is used to characterize the expression. The expression can be very useful for computing the analytical error probability of the M-ary phase shift keying system operating in various channel environments.
The Relation of Executive Functions to Active Coping Strategies and Internalizing Symptoms in a Community Sample of African-American Youth

The purpose of this study is to examine the relations between stressor appraisals, active coping, executive functions, and internalizing symptoms in a community sample of low-income African-American youth. There is a dearth of studies assessing how executive functions influence the connection between coping and internalizing symptoms, notably in community and minority populations. When faced with distressing, uncontrollable settings straining the capacity to self-regulate, youth with executive functioning deficits may encounter greater challenges in coping with stressors. Yet, since typically adaptive active coping strategies do not benefit some youth and can result in negative outcomes, it is important to identify what possible factors might be associated with this difference. Participants were 146 African American youth in the 6th-8th grades from two public schools in urban areas, ranging in age from 11-15 years (M=12.59). Results showed that the interaction of direct problem solving (DPS) coping and executive functions was significant as well as the interaction of seeking understanding (SU) and executive functions. In both cases, simple slopes analyses revealed that nonclinical youth reported lower depression scores. These analyses suggest that youth without clinically significant deficits in executive functions can use cognitive skills to think of ways to improve the problem (DPS) and to find meaning in a problem (SU). Thus, it is important to conduct research to identify what types of active coping strategies relate to improved mental health outcomes for youth with and without deficits in executive functions.
Lipid rafts are essential for peroxisome biogenesis in HepG2 cells

Peroxisomes are particularly abundant in the liver and are involved in bile salt synthesis and fatty acid metabolism. Peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs) are required for peroxisome biogenesis [e.g., the interacting peroxisomal biogenesis factors Pex13p and Pex14p] and its metabolic function [e.g., the adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette transporters adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP) and PMP70]. Impaired function of PMPs is the underlying cause of Zellweger syndrome and X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy. Here we studied for the first time the putative association of PMPs with cholesterol‐enriched lipid rafts and their function in peroxisome biogenesis. Lipid rafts were isolated from Triton X‐100–lysed or Lubrol WX–lysed HepG2 cells and analyzed for the presence of various PMPs by western blotting. Lovastatin and methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin were used to deplete cholesterol and disrupt lipid rafts in HepG2 cells, and this was followed by immunofluorescence microscopy to determine the subcellular location of catalase and PMPs. Cycloheximide was used to inhibit protein synthesis. Green fluorescent protein–tagged fragments of PMP70 and ALDP were analyzed for their lipid raft association. PMP70 and Pex14p were associated with Triton X‐100–resistant rafts, ALDP was associated with Lubrol WX–resistant rafts, and Pex13p was not lipid raft–associated in HepG2 cells. The minimal peroxisomal targeting signals in ALDP and PMP70 were not sufficient for lipid raft association. Cholesterol depletion led to dissociation of PMPs from lipid rafts and impaired sorting of newly synthesized catalase and ALDP but not Pex14p and PMP70. Repletion of cholesterol to these cells efficiently reestablished the peroxisomal sorting of catalase but not ALDP. Conclusion: Human PMPs are differentially associated with lipid rafts independently of the protein homology and/or their functional interaction. Cholesterol is required for peroxisomal lipid raft assembly and peroxisome biogenesis. HEPATOLOGY 2010
Complete Genome Sequence of SS52, a Strain of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Recovered from Supershedder Cattle

ABSTRACT Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes foodborne infections, and cattle are the primary reservoir. Some animals, known as supershedders, excrete orders of magnitude more E. coli O157:H7 in the feces than normal. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the SS52 supershedder strain of E. coli O157:H7.
Scala Roles - A Lightweight Approach Towards Reusable Collaborations

Purely class-based implementations of object-oriented software are often inappropriate for reuse. In contrast, the notion of objects playing roles in a collaboration has been proven to be a valuable reuse abstraction. However, existing solutions to enable role-based programming tend to require vast extensions of the underlying programming language, and thus, are difficult to use in every day work. We present a programming technique, based on dynamic proxies, that allows to augment an object’s type at runtime while preserving strong static type safety. It enables role-based implementations that lead to more reuse and better separation of concerns.
Math expression retrieval using an inverted index over symbol pairs

We introduce a new method for indexing and retrieving mathematical expressions, and a new protocol for evaluating math formula retrieval systems. The Tangent search engine uses an inverted index over pairs of symbols in math expressions. Each key in the index is a pair of symbols along with their relative distance and vertical displacement within an expression. Matched expressions are ranked by the harmonic mean of the percentage of symbol pairs matched in the query, and the percentage of symbol pairs matched in the candidate expression. We have found that our method is fast enough for use in real time and finds partial matches well, such as when subexpressions are re-arranged (e.g. expressions moved from the left to the right of an equals sign) or when individual symbols (e.g. variables) differ from a query expression. In an experiment using expressions from English Wikipedia, student and faculty participants (N=20) found expressions returned by Tangent significantly more similar than those from a text-based retrieval system (Lucene) adapted for mathematical expressions. Participants provided similarity ratings using a 5-point Likert scale, evaluating expressions from both algorithms one-at-a-time in a randomized order to avoid bias from the position of hits in search result lists. For the Lucene-based system, precision for the top 1 and 10 hits averaged 60% and 39% across queries respectively, while for Tangent mean precision at 1 and 10 were 99% and 60%. A demonstration and source code are publicly available.
Targeting HMGB1 inhibits ovarian cancer growth and metastasis by lentivirus‐mediated RNA interference

High‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear and extracellular protein, is implicated in the development and progression of some types of cancers. However, no information is available to date regarding the function of HMGB1 in ovarian cancer. In this study, we performed cDNA microarray analysis and identified HMGB1 as a gene dramatically elevated in the highly invasive subclone S1 compared with the low invasive subclone S21 derived from the same cell line SKOV3. Then lentivirus vector with HMGB1 shRNA was constructed and infected the highly invasive cell line S1, A1, and HO8910PM. Real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blot, and IHC results confirmed the down‐regulation of HMGB1 expression by its shRNA was about 80–90% at both the mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of HMGB1 significantly suppressed ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase, which was accompanied by decreased expressions of cyclin D1 and PCNA. Furthermore, knockdown of HMGB1 induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis, which was mediated by increased expression of Bax and decreased expression of Bcl‐2. Finally, knockdown of HMGB1 significantly inhibited ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis, which was regulated by decreased expressions of MMP2 and MMP9. Serum HMGB1 levels in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were significantly higher than that in patients with benign ovarian tumor and healthy controls. These results indicate that HMGB1 is a newly identified gene associated with ovarian cancer growth and metastasis. HMGB1 may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer in the future. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3629–3638, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Checking Sequence Construction Using Adaptive and Preset Distinguishing Sequences

Methods for testing from Finite State Machine-based specifications often require the existence of a preset distinguishing sequence for constructing checking sequences. It has been shown that an adaptive distinguishing sequence is sufficient for these methods. This result is significant because adaptive distinguishing sequences are strictly more common and up to exponentially shorter than preset ones. However, there has been no study on the actual effect of using adaptive distinguishing sequences on the length of checking sequences. This paper describes experiments that show that checking sequences constructed using adaptive distinguishing sequences are almost consistently shorter than those based on preset distinguishing sequences. This is investigated for three different checking sequence generation methods and the results obtained from an extensive experimental study are given.
Towards requirements aware systems: Run-time resolution of design-time assumptions

In earlier work we proposed the idea of requirements-aware systems that could introspect about the extent to which their goals were being satisfied at runtime. When combined with requirements monitoring and self adaptive capabilities, requirements awareness should help optimize goal satisfaction even in the presence of changing run-time context. In this paper we describe initial progress towards the realization of requirements-aware systems with REAssuRE. REAssuRE focuses on explicit representation of assumptions made at design time. When such assumptions are shown not to hold, REAssuRE can trigger system adaptations to alternative goal realization strategies.