Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vitamin C consumption does not impair training-induced improvements in exercise performance.

PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that antioxidants can attenuate high-intensity interval training-induced improvements in exercise performance. METHODS Two groups of recreationally active males performed a high-intensity interval running protocol, four times per week for 4 wk. Group 1 (n = 8) consumed 1 g of vitamin C daily throughout the training period, whereas Group 2 (n = 7) consumed a visually identical placebo. Pre- and posttraining, subjects were assessed for VO2max, 10 km time trial, running economy at 12 km/h and distance run on the YoYo intermittent recovery tests level 1 and 2 (YoYoIRT1/2). Subjects also performed a 60 min run before and after training at a running velocity of 65% of pretraining VO2max so as to assess training-induced changes in substrate oxidation rates. RESULTS Training improved (P < .0005) VO2max, 10 km time trial, running economy, YoYoIRT1 and YoYoIRT2 in both groups, although there was no difference (P = .31, 0.29, 0.24, 0.76 and 0.59) between groups in the magnitude of training-induced improvements in any of the aforementioned parameters. Similarly, training also decreased (P < .0005) mean carbohydrate and increased mean fat oxidation rates during submaximal exercise in both groups, although no differences (P = .98 and 0.94) existed between training conditions. CONCLUSIONS Daily oral consumption of 1 g of vitamin C during a 4 wk high-intensity interval training period does not impair training-induced improvements in the exercise performance of recreationally active males.
Application of PSO for the development and simulation of EV charging time minimization in distribution systems

Electric vehicles are no longer an unreachable dream, a vast amount of electric vehicles have gradually appear on the market recently. To charge the batteries of electric vehicles, constructing of charging station is needed. However, due to the conductors and transformers capacities in feeders, not all the power capacity can be allocated to one parking lot. To improve the balance between the power providers and consumers on power grid, charging schedule is required. This paper developed a simulation environment which can achieve charging schedule more efficiently through Particle Swarm Optimization. Moreover, the developed system can verify the voltage profile of the distribution system as well as the conductors and transformer constraints. The simulation results show that the schedule obtained through Particle Swarm Optimization can minimize the charging time under the power constraints.
The Representation of Minority, Female, and Non-Traditional STEM Majors in the Online Environment at Community Colleges

Using data from more than 2,000 community college science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors in the National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, this research investigates how ethnicity, gender, non-traditional student risk factors, academic preparation, socio-economic status, and English-as-second-language/citizenship status relate to online course enrollment patterns. Even after controlling for other factors, Blacks and Hispanics (Black and Hispanic men, in particular) were significantly underrepresented in online courses, women were significantly overrepresented, and students with non-traditional student risk factors (delayed enrollment, no high school diploma, part-time enrollment, financially independent, have dependents, single-parent status, and working full-time) were significantly more likely to enroll online. However, although ethnicity, gender, and non-traditional factors were all important predictors for both 2- and 4-year STEM majors, at community colleges, ethnicity and gender were more important predictors of online enrollment than non-traditional characteristics, which is the opposite pattern observed at 4-year colleges.
Interactions of monetary and fiscal policy in a business cycle model with open market operations

Consensus monetary business cycle theory is hardly able to rationalize why fiscal policy is repeatedly found to stimulate private consumption and why monetary policy should care about Ricardian fiscal policy. In this paper we demonstrate that this changes when government bonds provide liquidity services. We develop a simple business cycle, which can be solved analytically, where money is supplied via open market operations. When only government bonds are accepted as a collateral for money and private debt earns a higher interest, real public debt eases households' access to money and Ricardian equivalence does not hold. Interest rate policy is not restricted by requirements for equilibrium determinacy and its effects are consistent with common priors. Shocks are propagated via changes in financial wealth and persistence is altered by the stance of fiscal and monetary policy. overnment expenditures, which are not completely tax financed, can raise private consumption when monetary policy is not too reactive. Similarly, a moderate interest rate policy allows a deficit financed tax cut to stimulate real activity.
Peer-to-peer protocol evaluation in topologies resembling wireless networks. An experiment with Gnutella query engine

Peer-tepeer (P2P) protocols implemented in wireless networks and mixed scenarios would generate new applications and value added services. In order to analyze the performance of such protocols the specific topologies of current and future wireless networks should be taken into account. In our paper we analyze the performance of a Gnutella-type protocol query engine on random mesh (Random), semi-random mesh (Semi), connected stars (ConStan) and connected mesh (ConMesh) application layer network topologies. In addition we discuss and simulate for the considered topologies the effect of adaptive time-twlive (TTL) techniques. We take into account in our analysis the document replication phenomenon. Within this paper we limit ourselves to the simulation of static network topologies. The results of this study show that Semi and ConStan are the most useful topologies. Semi is the hest topology for heterogeneous devices, e.g. all of the nodes are mobile phones. ConStars is useful when the network consists of devices with dilferent capabilities, e.g. mobile phones and PC-s. If the node degrees are chosen appropriately the bandwidth needs can reasonably small making content sharing peer-twpeer applications feasible in pure wireless networks and mixed scenarios.
Effects of Parkinson Disease on Two Putative Nondeclarative Learning Tasks: Probabilistic Classification and Gambling

Objective:To assess performance on two nondeclarative (implicit) memory tasks of Parkinson disease (PD) patients without dementia in the earlier or later stages of the disease (Hoehn and Yahr Scale scores of 1-2.5 or 3-4, respectively). Background:Different subtypes of nondeclarative memory appear to depend on different components of frontostriatal circuitry. Performance on a probabilistic classification learning (PCL) task was impaired by striatal damage (eg, in PD or Huntington disease) but not by circumscribed frontal lobe damage. On the other hand, performance on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was impaired by damage to the prefrontal cortex. Method and Results:On the PCL, the learning of the control (age- and education-matched) group (n = 19) and the early PD group (n = 16) was comparable with each other, and both groups showed better performance than the later PD group (n = 16). On the IGT, the control group learned better than both of the PD groups. The control and early PD groups were similar on measures from the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Test, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Beck Depression Inventory II. Conclusions:The PCL and IGT tasks appear to rely on different parts of the frontostriatal circuitry in patients with early PD. The current finding that IGT performance was impaired in early PD implies ventromedial prefrontal cortical dysfunction early in the disease.
p63 transcriptionally regulates the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 13

p63 is a transcriptional factor belonging to p53 family of genes. Beside the role in cancer, partially shared with p53 and the other member p73, p63 also plays exclusive roles in development and homeostasis of ectodermal/epidermal-related organs. Here we show that p63 transcriptionally controls the expression of the matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13). p63 binds a p53-like responsive element in the human promoter of MMP13, thus promoting the activation of its transcription. The catalytic activity of MMP13 is required in high invasion capacity of metastatic cancer cells, however, although p63 and MMP13 expression correlates in cancer patients, their co-expression does not predict cancer patient survival. Our results demonstrate that p63 directly controls MMP13 expression.
University of Groningen LONG-TERM CHOLINERGIC DENERVATION CAUSED BY EARLY POSTNATAL AF64A LESION PREVENTS DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS IN RAT HIPPOCAMPUS

The effect of early postnatal (day 8) intracerebroventricular injections of the putative cholinotoxin ethylcholine aziridinium mustard (AF64A) on development of cholinergic innervation and postsynaptic muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the rat hippocampus was examined. The cholinotoxin applied at this stage of development leads to a permanent denervation of cholinergic fibres in the hippocampus in adulthood demonstrated by (immuno)histochemical methods and biochemical assays. Muscarinic receptor expression in the principal neurons of dentate gyrus and cornu ammonis was strongly reduced as studied by immunostaining with antibodies against muscarinic receptor proteins and binding assays with the muscarinic antagonist quinuclidinyl benzilate. Cholinoceptive interneurons and somatostatinergic interneurons are not affected by the developmental cholinergic lesion. Immunoreactivity to protein kinase C type I as a marker for inositolphosphate-related cellular activation systems slightly decreased in the apical dendrites of the hippocampal principal neurons. These findings indicate that damage to ingrowing cholinergic terminals in the hippocampus in the early postnatal period is a critical hazard for development of the muscarinic receptor system in the hippocampal principal neurons. These results are discussed for their significance to the neural mechanisms that underlie perinatal brain damage and associated cognitive dysfunction.
High-efficiency genome editing via 2A-coupled co-expression of fluorescent proteins and zinc finger nucleases or CRISPR/Cas9 nickase pairs

Targeted endonucleases including zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)/Cas9 are increasingly being used for genome editing in higher species. We therefore devised a broadly applicable and versatile method for increasing editing efficiencies by these tools. Briefly, 2A peptide-coupled co-expression of fluorescent protein and nuclease was combined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) to allow for efficient isolation of cell populations with increasingly higher nuclease expression levels, which translated into increasingly higher genome editing rates. For ZFNs, this approach, combined with delivery of donors as single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides and nucleases as messenger ribonucleic acid, enabled high knockin efficiencies in demanding applications, including biallelic codon conversion frequencies reaching 30–70% at high transfection efficiencies and ∼2% at low transfection efficiencies, simultaneous homozygous knockin mutation of two genes with ∼1.5% efficiency as well as generation of cell pools with almost complete codon conversion via three consecutive targeting and FACS events. Observed off-target effects were minimal, and when occurring, our data suggest that they may be counteracted by selecting intermediate nuclease levels where off-target mutagenesis is low, but on-target mutagenesis remains relatively high. The method was also applicable to the CRISPR/Cas9 system, including CRISPR/Cas9 mutant nickase pairs, which exhibit low off-target mutagenesis compared to wild-type Cas9.
Respirable dust control in a scale-model horse stable using filtration and mechanical ventilation

Dunlea, A.P. and Dodd, V.A. 1996. Respirable dust control in a scale-model horse stable using filtration and mechanical ventilation. Can. Agric. Eng. 38:215-221. Respirable dust levels were studied using a model stable in which mechanical ventilation, filtration, and designed air flow were used for respirable dust control. Various inlet ventilation and exhaust fan operating levels were tested. Different bedding materials and stable door configurations also were tested. The model was adapted to include an inlet distribution ceiling attic to diffuse the inlet air in a downward direction throughout the stable. The inlet air was delivered through a series of filters by an axial inlet fan to the distribution attic. Two exhaust fans were located at the side walls of the chamber near the floor. Tests showed that the respirable dust levels within the stable remained low « to counts/mL) although the respirable dust levels at the incoming inlet ventilation position varied widely. Bedding of straw, shredded paper, and wood shavings was evaluated by agitating the individual bedding material and recording the level of respirable dust at 3 min periods. The control system reduced to low levels « 10 counts/mL) within 12 min for both straw bedding and shredded paper. Wood shavings produced little respirable dust. Des experiences ont ete realisees afin d'analyser Ie niveau de poussiere respirable dans une etable modele dans laquelle etaient installes un systeme de ventilation mecanique, un systeme de filtration et un systeme de circulation d'air cree specialement pour I'experience. Plusieurs systemes de ventilation -admission et echappement d'air ont ete testes ades niveaux o¢rationnels diffcrents. Des materiaux Iitieres ainsi que plusieurs formes de portes d'etable ont ete egalement verifies. L'etable modele a ete adaptee pour inclure un plafond de grenier avec un systeme de distribution d'air permettant de diffuser I'air d'admission vers Ie bas it travers l'ctable. L'air d'admission a ainsi ete transportee it travers une serie de filtres grace it un ventilateur axial qui a inspire l'air pour l'emmener jusqu'au grenier de distribution. Deux ventilateurs d'echappement ont etc postillonnes sur les murs lateraux Ie long de la chambre acote du sol. Les experiences ont montre que Ie niveaux de poussiere respirable restant a I'interieur de l'etable etait reste bas « to mL/chronometrage) meme si Ie niveau de poussiere respirable variait largement au niveau du ventilateur d'admission d'air. Les litieres de paille, de papier dechiquete et de copeaux de bois ont etc evaluees en agitant Ie materiel de litiere individuellement et en enregistrant Ie niveau de poussiere respirable par intervalle de trois minutes. Pour la litiere de paille et de papier dechiquete, Ie systeme de verification a reduit Ie taux de poussiere a des bas niveaux « 10 mL/chronometrage) en moins de 12 minutes. Quant aux copeaux Ie bois, ils ont produit tres peu de poussiere pouvant entrer dans Ie systeme respiratoire. INTRODUCTION
Study on the Feasibility of Using a Chinese Character Writing Scale to Distinguish Amnestic-MCI

The purpose of this paper was to utilize the Chinese Character Writing Scale (CCWS) to identify patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) from healthy and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Thirty-five cases were collected, including 11 patients with AD (AD group), 11 patients with a-MCI (a-MCI group), and 13 normal controls (NC group). The scores of the CCWS for different groups were evaluated by the physicians, then used to distinguish a-MCI from NC and AD. The ability of the CCWS to distinguish a-MCI was compared with other scales used clinically, such as the methods of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results was as follows: (1) the classification accuracy based on the CCWS on distinguishing a-MCI from NC is greater than the MMSE and ADAS, (2) age and level of education had little effect on the classification accuracy of either scale on distinguishing a-MCI from NC. These experimental results indicate that using the CCWS to distinguish a-MCI is feasible.
FormationOccurs Independently of Pre-B Cell Receptor The Initiation of B Cell Clonal Expansion

Current models of B cell development posit that clonal expansion occurs as a direct result of Ig H chain expression. To test this hypothesis, we isolated a population of early B cells in which H chain recombination is initiated and assessed V H DJ H rearrangements in both cycling and noncycling cells. We found that actively dividing cells within this population are enriched for H chain rearrangements that are productive when compared with their counterparts in G 0 /G 1 , apparently supporting a role for H chain expression in initiating early B cell division; entrance into the cell cycle was accompanied by V H gene-dependent H chain selection. However, we also identiﬁed a phenotypically identical population of actively cycling early B cells in the absence of H chain expression in recombination activating gene knockout mice. In addition, actively cycling early B cells could be detected in pre-B cell receptor (pBCR)-negative (cid:1) 5 knockout mice, but we found no evidence for V H -dependent H chain selection in this population. Given these results, we suggest that the initiation of clonal expansion, at this early stage in B cell development, occurs independently of H chain expression. Although the cycling cell pool is enriched for pBCR-positive cells in mice expressing surrogate L chain, pBCR formation is not required for the initiation of cell division. The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 5136–5142.
INTESTINAL RESPONSE TO CHANGING GASEOUS ENVIRONMENTS: NORMOBARIC AND HYPERBARIC OBSERVATIONS *

Measurements of intestinal gas volume, composition, and diffusion have demonstrated that the alimentary canal behaves functionally as a collapsible closed gas cavity within the Therefore, the response to a changing external gaseous environment can be predicted. Respiration of a special gas mixture or infusion of that gas into the intestine will widen the gradients of gaseous tension across the mucosal barrier and endogenous gas exchange will a~celerate. ~ Furthermore, increased environmental pressures will decrease reciprocally the volume of a compliant alimentary tract that contains gas. These intestinal responses have been tested both in experimental models and in the treatment of certain gastrointestinal disorders. Information obtained from these observations forms the basis of this review. That 65-70% of alimentary gas is swallowed air and enters the gut through the mouth has been demonstrated by observing the loss of intestinal volume caudal to a ligature2 (TABLE 1 1 . If the inflow of exogenous air stops and if bacterial formation of nonrespiratory gases ceases temporarily, the remaining intestinal volume will decrease to zero in a short time, because gas flows toward the normal subatmospheric pressure prevailing in body tissues. Under normal conditions, however, the inflow of swallowed air and the endogenous production of nonrespiratory gases such as methane, hydrogen, or hydrogen sulfide will equilibrate with both outward endogenous diffusion across the intestinal mucosa and expulsion of flatus. Measurements in man at equilibrium reveal an intestinal gas volume of 0.1 / 1 liter with respiratory gas tensions similar but not identical to values found in venous (TABLE 1). Because of diffusion into blood returning to the right heart, intestinal gas leaves the body through the lungs as well as through the alimentary orifices. The abundant presence in swallowed air of slowly-exchanged nitrogen tends to stabilize the intestinal gas volume.2 Factors which accelerate the transfer of a gas across the intestinal mucosa include a larger surface area or thinner membrane, more abundant perfusion, and a larger gradient of gas tension between the intestinal lumen and blood. '. 4 Larger quantities will exchange in a finite period of time if the gas in question has one or more of the following properties: good diffusivity, a low molecular weight, and a high solubility in watef; Measurements of gas-exchange rates agree fairly well with predictions, in that very soluble gases, notably carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, flow rapidly across the intestinal mucosa, while insoluble gases, such as nitrogen or helium, exchange very slowly,2,4 (TABLE 2). That carbon dioxide and insoluble oxygen exchange more rapidly than would be predicted can be explained by the presence of chemical systems augmenting the transport of respiratory gases in the body.
The diagnosis and treatment of dermatitis herpetiformis

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an inflammatory cutaneous disease with a chronic relapsing course, pruritic polymorphic lesions, and typical histopathological and immunopathological findings. According to several evidences, DH is considered the specific cutaneous manifestation of celiac disease, and the most recent guidelines of celiac disease have stated that, in celiac patients with a proven DH, a duodenal biopsy is unnecessary for the diagnosis. In this review, the most recent data about the diagnosis and the management of DH have been reported and discussed. In particular, in patients with clinical and/or histopathological findings suggestive for DH, the finding of granular IgA deposits along the dermal–epidermal junction or at the papillary tips by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) assay, together with positive results for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody testing, allows the diagnosis. Thereafter, a gluten-free diet should be started in association with drugs, such as dapsone, that are able to control the skin manifestations during the first phases of the diet. In conclusion, although DH is a rare autoimmune disease with specific immunopathological alterations at the skin level, its importance goes beyond the skin itself and may have a big impact on the general health status and the quality of life of the patients.
Optimal Green Facility Planning - Implementation of Organic Rankine Cycle System for Factory Waste Heat Recovery

As global industry developed rapidly, the energy demand also rises simultaneously. In the production process, there’s a lot of energy consumed in the process. Formally, the energy used in generating the heat in the production process. In the total energy consumption, 40% of the heat was used in process heat, mechanical work, chemical energy and electricity. The remaining 50% were released into the environment. It will cause energy waste and environment pollution. There are many ways for recovering the waste heat in factory. Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system can produce electricity and reduce energy costs by recovering the waste of low temperature heat in the factory. In addition, ORC is the technology with the highest power generating efficiency in low-temperature heat recycling. However, most of factories executives are still hesitated because of the high implementation cost of the ORC system, even a lot of heat are wasted. Therefore, this study constructs a nonlinear mathematical model of waste heat recovery equipment configuration to maximize profits. A particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to generate the optimal facility installation plan for the ORC system. Keywords—Green facility planning, organic rankine cycle, particle swarm optimization, waste heat recovery.