Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fusion of Acoustic and Linguistic Features for Emotion Detection

This paper describes a system that deploys acoustic and linguistic information from speech in order to decide whether the utterance contains negative or non-negative meaning. An earlier version of this system was Passed QA to the Interspeech-2009 Emotion Challenge evaluation. The speech data consist of short utterances of the children’s speech, and the proposed system is designed to detect anger in each given chunk. Various frame-based cepstral, prosodic and acoustic features are extracted automatically and classified by means of a support vector machine. An automatic speech recognizer transcribes the utterances and yields a separate classification, based on the degree of emotional salience of the words. The emotionally salient words are computed on word hypotheses, so that un-transcribed training data is sufficient. Late fusion is applied to make a final decision on anger vs. non-anger of the utterance.
Distributed diagnosis using predetermined synchronization strategies

We consider distributed fault diagnosis in a discrete event system modeled as a nondeterministic finite automaton that is observed, at multiple observation sites, through distinct natural projection maps. The majority of previous work in this setting has focused on local observers (diagnosers) that are separately implemented at each observation site, without exchanging any information among themselves and relying exclusively on communicating their decision (fault or no fault) to a coordinator that is responsible from making the ultimate diagnosis decision (co-diagnosability). In this work we extend recent techniques that allow local observers to communicate their state estimates to a coordinator by considering strategies that also allow the exchange of local diagnostic information among different observation sites and by analyzing their diagnosability.
Prognostic Value of Beta-Tubulin-3 and c-Myc in Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder

Background To date, putative prognostic biomarkers have shown limited utility from the clinical perspective for bladder urothelial carcinoma. Herein, the expression of beta-tubulin-3 and c-Myc was evaluated to determine their prognostic potential. Methods In formalin fixed-paraffin embedded blocks, immunohistochemical expression of c-Myc and beta-tubulin-3 was evaluated. H score ranging from 0 to 300 was obtained by multiplying the percentage of positive cells by intensity (0–3); c-Myc and beta-tubulin-3 expression was defined: 0: negative, 1: weakly positive, 2: strongly positive. Results beta-tubulin-3 and c-Myc immunoexpression was available for 46 cases. At the univariate analysis, node-involvement, beta-tubulin-3 and c-Myc overexpression discriminate shorter DFS (HR 2.19, p = 0.043; HR 3.10, p = 0.24 and HR 3.05, p = 0.011, respectively); 2-yrs DFS log-rank analysis according to low versus high level of immunoexpression were statistically significant; beta-tubulin-3, 53% low vs 12.7% high (p = value 0.02) and c-Myc 28 low vs 8 high (p-value 0.007). Patients displaying negative beta-tubulin-3/c-Myc had statistically significant better 2-yrs DFS than those with mixed expression or double positivity (54.5% versus 18.7% versus 0%, log-rank p = 0.006). Conclusions c-Myc and beta-tubulin-3 show improvement for prognostic risk stratification in patients with muscle invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma. These molecular pathways may also be candidate to improve predictiveness to targeted therapies.
Putative Porin of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) Bacteroids Induced by Glyphosate

ABSTRACT Application of glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl] glycine) to Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus)-nodulated lupin plants caused modifications in the protein pattern of bacteroids. The most significant change was the presence of a 44-kDa polypeptide in bacteroids from plants treated with the higher doses of glyphosate employed (5 and 10 mM). The polypeptide has been characterized by the amino acid sequencing of its N terminus and the isolation and nucleic acid sequencing of its encoding gene. It is putatively encoded by a single gene, and the protein has been identified as a putative porin. Protein modeling revealed the existence of several domains sharing similarity to different porins, such as a transmembrane beta-barrel. The protein has been designated BLpp, for Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) putative porin, and would be the first porin described in Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus). In addition, a putative conserved domain of porins has been identified which consists of 87 amino acids, located in the BLpp sequence 30 amino acids downstream of the N-terminal region. In bacteroids, mRNA of the BLpp gene shows a basal constitutive expression that increases under glyphosate treatment, and the expression of the gene is seemingly regulated at the transcriptional level. By contrast, in free-living bacteria glyphosate treatment leads to an inhibition of BLpp mRNA accumulation, indicating a different effect of glyphosate on BLpp gene expression in bacteroids and free-living bacteria. The possible role of BLpp in a metabolite interchange between Bradyrhizobium and lupin is discussed.
Turbulent Television

A small country can provide particularly revealing case studies in the dynamics of media systems and the impact of new technologies. New Zealand television has been through dramatic changes, shifting from a public service to a commercial orientation, then struggling to reconstruct a minimal level of public service. New technology creates problems for a small country as well as opportunities, and investment in digitalization has helped a multinational pay television company to position itself as the powerbroker of New Zealand’s television future. This article is written from the point of view of a media activist working inside the system. He records his experience as a member of New Zealand on Air, a public funding body established by the government, as it sought to intervene creatively within the complex field of forces generated by political, economic, and technological changes.
Physical map of the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis DL11 and localization of six putative rRNA operons

A physical map of the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis DL11 was constructed by using the contour-clamped homogeneous electric field mode of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in one- and two-dimensional separations to analyze restriction digests of high-molecular-weight genomic DNA. The map, which shows all the observed NotI and SmaI sites (six and 21, respectively) and 8 of approximately 30 SalI sites, is circular and yields a total size of 2.58 megabase pairs for the L. lactis subsp. lactis DL11 chromosome. By using rDNA from Mycoplasma capricolum to probe Southern blots of pulsed-and fixed-field digestion patterns, six putative rRNA operons were identified in L. lactis subsp. lactis DL11 and placed on the map of the chromosome. Five of these loci are clustered in a region representing only 20% of the chromosome. The presence of a SmaI site in each of the putative operons allowed the direction of transcription of each operon to be deduced.
Wavelets and Subband Coding

First published in 1995, Wavelets and Subband Coding offered a unified view of the exciting field of wavelets and their discrete-time cousins, filter banks, or subband coding. The book developed the theory in both continuous and discrete time, and presented important applications. During the past decade, it filled a useful need in explaining a new view of signal processing based on flexible time-frequency analysis and its applications. Since 2007, the authors now retain the copyright and allow open access to the book.
Disruption of the ammonium transporter AMT1.1 alters basal defenses generating resistance against Pseudomonas syringae and Plectosphaerella cucumerina

Disruption of the high-affinity nitrate transporter NRT2.1 activates the priming defense against Pseudomonas syringae, resulting in enhanced resistance. In this study, it is demonstrated that the high-affinity ammonium transporter AMT1.1 is a negative regulator of Arabidopsis defense responses. The T-DNA knockout mutant amt1.1 displays enhanced resistance against Plectosphaerella cucumerina and reduced susceptibility to P. syringae. The impairment of AMT1.1 induces significant metabolic changes in the absence of challenge, suggesting that amt1.1 retains constitutive defense responses. Interestingly, amt1.1 combats pathogens differently depending on the lifestyle of the pathogen. In addition, N starvation enhances the susceptibility of wild type plants and the mutant amt1.1 to P. syringae whereas it has no effect on P. cucumerina resistance. The metabolic changes of amt1.1 against P. syringae are subtler and are restricted to the phenylpropanoid pathway, which correlates with its reduced susceptibility. By contrast, the amt1.1 mutant responds by activating higher levels of camalexin and callose against P. cucumerina. In addition, amt1.1 shows altered levels of aliphatic and indolic glucosinolates and other Trp-related compounds following infection by the necrotroph. These observations indicate that AMT1.1 may play additional roles that affect N uptake and plant immune responses.
Seizure-Induced Up-Regulation of P-Glycoprotein at the Blood-Brain Barrier through Glutamate and Cyclooxygenase-2 Signaling

Increased expression of drug efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier accompanies epileptic seizures and complicates therapy with antiepileptic drugs. This study is concerned with identifying mechanistic links that connect seizure activity to increased P-glycoprotein expression at the blood-brain barrier. In this regard, we tested the hypothesis that seizures increase brain extracellular glutamate, which signals through an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in brain capillaries to increase blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein expression. Consistent with this hypothesis, exposing isolated rat or mouse brain capillaries to glutamate for 15 to 30 min increased P-glycoprotein expression and transport activity hours later. These increases were blocked by 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (dizocilpine maleate) (MK-801), an NMDA receptor antagonist, and by celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor; no such glutamate-induced increases were seen in brain capillaries from COX-2-null mice. In rats, intracerebral microinjection of glutamate caused locally increased P-glycoprotein expression in brain capillaries. Moreover, using a pilocarpine status epilepticus rat model, we observed seizure-induced increases in capillary P-glycoprotein expression that were attenuated by administration of indomethacin, a COX inhibitor. Our findings suggest that brain uptake of some antiepileptic drugs can be enhanced through COX-2 inhibition. Moreover, they provide insight into one mechanism that underlies drug resistance in epilepsy and possibly other central nervous system disorders.
The effects of protective helmet use on physiology and cognition in young cricketers

Many studies have reported physiological and cognitive decrements following heat stress. Of particular concern in cricket are the possible negative effects of sustained protective helmet use, as this leads to an increase in heat-related stress. Correct and rapid decision making, and focused attention are essential for efficient performance whilst batting, and it is possible that helmet usage could impair such processes. In a repeated-measures, randomized crossover study, physiological, self-report, and cognitive measures were taken from 16 teenage cricketers before and after moderately intense (batting) exercise. Participants underwent the assessments twice, once while wearing a standard protective helmet, and again, when not wearing a helmet (counterbalanced). While helmet use did not lead to significant physiological changes, wearing a helmet led to some cognitive impairments in attention, vigilance and reaction times. These preliminary findings could have significance for cognitively demanding sports (and perhaps military and industrial settings) in which participants perform cognitively demanding operations under conditions of physical exercise whilst wearing protective helmets. Additional factors of hydration, exercise duration, and helmet design are discussed.
Place as Topics: Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Topics from Social Networks Data

Geography in a commonsense way is about place. Place is a term used to describe the meaning that humans give to a location. Characterising a location as a place requires a huge amount of time to collect and analyse data. Furthermore, a place definition associated to a location can become rapidly obsolete. Nowadays, social networks and social media became very popular. People on social networks act like social sensors, reporting information about society, politics, economics, etc. Thus, many researchers have focused on the analysis of posts, combining them together with algorithms or extracting their meaning, keywords or users’ interests. In this paper, I will describe my research project, a visual framework that aims to simplify the process of place definition using topics generated from the application of Blei et al.’s Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Blei et al., 2003) on geo-referenced social networks data. My main assumption is that topics allow to capture the sense of place shared by social sensors. The framework will allow users to be not overwhelmed by the large amount of time and data required to understand and define places.
Student voice as a methodological issue in academic literacies research

Academic literacies research has been identified as an emerging but significant field in higher education. This article extends the discussions around methodology in academic literacies research by drawing on the current text and context debates in sociolinguistics and linguistic ethnography. It uses illustrations from a recent academic literacies research project to reflect on methodology and to emphasise the importance of a prolonged engagement with participants’ writing practices and experiences as well as the collection and analysis of a range of types of data to allow the researcher to become more familiar with the context. Methods such as allowing students to interpret their own writing, classroom observation and students’ written literacy histories gave the researcher real insights into the way students made connections to their own familiar contexts in order to learn. The research also highlighted the manner in which communication between students and teaching staff can break down because teachers misinterpret student utterances when they do not understand or know the contexts that the students are drawing on. At the same time, however, the researcher sounds some caution about the use of dialogue in ethnographic methodologies because communication is a two-way process and allocation of linguistic resources has been unequal. Therefore, where students’ resources do not match the context, they may struggle to communicate with the interviewer and to interpret their written texts. In these cases, interviewees who are first language speakers from privileged schooling backgrounds may be able to contextualise and interpret their writing more fully than interviewees who are speakers of English as a second or foreign language and who come from poorer rural schools.
Relating different quantum generalizations of the conditional Rényi entropy

Recently a new quantum generalization of the Renyi divergence and the corresponding conditional Renyi entropies was proposed. Here, we report on a surprising relation between conditional Renyi entropies based on this new generalization and conditional Renyi entropies based on the quantum relative Renyi entropy that was used in previous literature. Our result generalizes the well-known duality relation H(A|B) + H(A|C) = 0 of the conditional von Neumann entropy for tripartite pure states to Renyi entropies of two different kinds. As a direct application, we prove a collection of inequalities that relate different conditional Renyi entropies and derive a new entropic uncertainty relation.
Encoding standards for large text resources: The Text Encoding Initiative

The Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) is an international project established in 1988 to develop guidelines for the preparation and interchange of electronic texts for research, and to satisfy a broad range of uses by the language industries more generally. The need for standardized encoding practices has become inxreasingly critical as the need to use and, most importantly, reuse vast amounts of electronic text has dramatically increased for both research and industry, in particular for natural language processing. In January 1994, the TEI issued its Guidelines for the Encoding and Interchange of Machine-Readable Texts, which provide standardized encoding conventions for a large range of text types and features relevant for a broad range of applications.
Virtual Instrument for Online Electrical Capacitance Tomography

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a technique invented in the 1980’s to determine material distribution in the interior of an enclosed environment by means of external capacitance measurements (Huang et al., 1989a, 1992b). In a typical ECT system, 8 to 16 electrodes (Yang, 2010) are symmetrically mounted inside or outside a cylindrical container, as illustrated in Figure 1. During the period of a scanning frame, an excitation signal is applied to one of the electrodes and the remaining electrodes are acting as detector electrodes. Subsequently, the voltage potential at each of the detector electrodes is measured, one at a time, by the measurement electronics to determine the inter-electrode capacitance. Changes in these measured capacitance values indicate the variation of material distribution within the container, e.g. air bubbles translating within an oil flow. An image of permittivity distribution directly representing the materials distribution can be retrieved from the capacitance data through a back-projection algorithm (Isaksen, 1996). While image resolution associated with the ECT technique is lower than other tomographic techniques such as CT or optical imaging, it is advantageous in terms of its non-intrusive nature, portability, robustness, and no exposure to radiation hazard.
Global-in-time weak measure solutions and finite-time aggregation for nonlocal interaction equations

In this paper we provide a well-posedness theory for weak measure solutions of the Cauchy problem for a family of nonlocal interaction equations. These equations are continuum models for interacting particle systems with attractive/repulsive pairwise interaction potentials. The main phenomenon of interest is that, even with smooth initial data, the solutions can concentrate mass in finite time. We develop an existence theory that enables one to go beyond the blow-up time in classical norms and allows for solutions to form atomic parts of the measure in finite time. The weak measure solutions are shown to be unique and exist globally in time. Moreover, in the case of sufficiently attractive potentials, we show the finite-time total collapse of the solution onto a single point for compactly supported initial measures. Our approach is based on the theory of gradient flows in the space of probability measures endowed with the Wasserstein metric. In addition to classical tools, we exploit the stability of the flow with respect to the transportation distance to greatly simplify many problems by reducing them to questions about particle approximations.
Case series: PTSD symptoms in adolescent survivors of "ethnic cleansing." Results from a 1-year follow-up study.

OBJECTIVE The authors describe the psychiatric sequelae of "ethnic cleansing" in adolescent Bosnian refugees, via a 1-year follow-up study. METHOD Ten Bosnian adolescent refugees from the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina received a baseline assessment within the first year after their resettlement and a follow-up assessment 1 year later. Evaluations included an assessment scale for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. RESULTS At baseline, 3 subjects met criteria for PTSD. At follow-up, this diagnosis persisted in none of these subjects, though 1 subject met criteria at follow-up only. For the group, mean PTSD severity scores at baseline and at follow-up were 8.9 and 4.0, respectively. At baseline, reexperiencing symptoms were present 43% of the time, avoidance symptoms were present 33% of the time, and hyperarousal symptoms were present 33% of the time; at follow-up, these proportions were 35%, 16%, and 18%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Overall, rates of PTSD symptoms diminished during the 1-year follow-up interval, suggesting that they may be transient and not representative of enduring psychopathology. This finding may reflect the relative resiliency of adolescents, as well as a variety of factors that facilitated adaptation in our particular group of adolescent refugees.
Identifying heritage values in local communities

Preservation of cultural heritage is often carried out by voluntary workers in local communities, especially when the objects are not of major national interest, not listed, and not preserved by heritage authorities. The motivation for local preservation, and for spending time and money on objects belonging to the community, is not primarily to preserve cultural heritage objects for the future, but to establish and maintain common social institutions in the local society, institutions of vital importance to the local identity. The aim of this paper is to investigate how the local understanding of heritage relates to its official understanding in a Norwegian context. The paper will also examine to what degree the Norwegian heritage authorities have managed to implement the emphasis on local participation and the social dimensions of heritage, given strong articulation in later international conventions. Criteria for value assessment, as defined by national heritage authorities, do not seem to play a vital role in the local heritage field. The central authorities’ focus on professionalism, qualified management, and predefined criteria appears to meet limited resonance in local communities.
Asynchronous transpose-matrix architectures

The matrix transposition operation is a necessary step in several image/video compression and decompression algorithms, in particular the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and its inverse (IDCT), and some distributed arithmetic applications. These algorithms have to be performed at high data-rates, and with a minimum of power dissipation for portable applications. The authors describe how the clocked solution is usually implemented, and present two new asynchronous architectures that perform matrix transposition. These architectures, one based on two phase signaling, one based on four phase signaling, have better characteristics than the clocked solution in terms of latency and power, at no cost in area or throughput. They discuss the characteristics of these three architectures and evaluate the relative advantages of each one.
A Matter of Vertical Position

Vertical position in space has been linked to perceptions of power, and high-power individuals have been shown to be less influenced by both the situational context and other people. Building on this literature, we hypothesized that a high spatial position as compared with a low one would reduce the threat from social exclusion and might help prevent aggressive acts of retaliation. To investigate this hypothesis, two arrangements of “Cyberball”—a classic manipulation of social exclusion—were compared: In the standard arrangement, participants are positioned below the excluding players; for the new arrangement, the standard arrangement was vertically flipped, so that participants were positioned above the excluding players, and thus “aloof” from the situation. Results show that only individuals positioned below (implying low power), but not individuals positioned above (implying high power), exhibited increased aggression when being ostracized. Threatened need for control and negative mood mediated the tendency toward aggressive behavior.