Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apoptin Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling Is Required for Cell Type-Specific Localization, Apoptosis, and Recruitment of the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome to PML Bodies

ABSTRACT The chicken anemia virus protein Apoptin selectively induces apoptosis in transformed cells while leaving normal cells intact. This selectivity is thought to be largely due to cell type-specific localization: Apoptin is cytoplasmic in primary cells and nuclear in transformed cells. The basis of Apoptin cell type-specific localization and activity remains to be determined. Here we show that Apoptin is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein whose localization is mediated by an N-terminal nuclear export signal (NES) and a C-terminal nuclear localization signal (NLS). Both signals are required for cell type-specific localization, since Apoptin fragments containing either the NES or the NLS fail to differentially localize in transformed and primary cells. Significantly, cell type-specific localization can be conferred in trans by coexpression of the two separate fragments, which interact through an Apoptin multimerization domain. We have previously shown that Apoptin interacts with the APC1 subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), resulting in G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in transformed cells. We found that the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling activity is critical for efficient APC1 association and induction of apoptosis in transformed cells. Interestingly, both Apoptin multimerization and APC1 interaction are mediated by domains that overlap with the NES and NLS sequences, respectively. Apoptin expression in transformed cells induces the formation of PML nuclear bodies and recruits APC/C to these subnuclear structures. Our results reveal a mechanism for the selective killing of transformed cells by Apoptin.
The impact of management and strategic controls on firm performance: an empirical study on the UK

This study focuses on and gauges the dimensions of both management and strategic control. It also defines the variables that affect the management accounting practices which will consequently affect the firm performance through management and strategic control. This study uses cross-sectional data that is derived from the FAME database in UK. Regression analysis is used to explain the relationship and the effect of management and strategic controls, industry type and firm size on firm performance. The results of this study indicate that management control and industry type have an effect on return on assets and profit margin while strategic control has an effect on competitive position as a measure of firm performance. Furthermore, this study proved that there is a significant difference in using management and strategic controls between large firms and SMEs while there is no difference between product-based and service firms in using management and strategic controls.
Incidence of renal and perinephric abscess in diabetic patients: a population-based national study

SUMMARY This population-based cohort study aimed to investigate the incidence and relative hazard of renal and perinephric abscess (RA) in the diabetic population in Taiwan. More than a half million diabetic patients and sex- and age-matched controls were identified from the 1997 Taiwan National Health Insurance data and were linked to in-patient claims from 1997 to 2007. Person-year approach with Poisson assumption was used to estimate the incidence density (ID) of RA. The hazard ratios (HRs) of hospitalization due to RA in relation to diabetes were analysed using a Cox proportional hazard model. The ID for the diabetic and control subjects was 4·6 and 1·1/10 000 person-years, respectively, in 11 years of follow-up, representing an adjusted HR of 3·81 (95% confidence interval 3·44–4·23). This study confirmed the association of diabetes with RA, and argued that more aggressive urological care should be administered to diabetic patients.
Dialogic Accountings for Stakeholders: On Opening Up and Closing Down Participatory Governance

type="main"> Interpretivist and critical accounting researchers have long challenged the shareholder focus of conventional accounting, calling for new approaches that promote accountability to stakeholders and participatory governance. One proposal is for dialogic accountings that take pluralism seriously and enable critical reflection on organizational practices from diverse socio-political perspectives. Dialogic accounting aims to counter narrow managerialist framings and address constituencies poorly served by traditional accounting. However, those favouring pluralist approaches face significant challenges in addressing entrenched ideologies and power relations. Rather than trying to address these challenges solely from within accounting, much can be learned from disciplinary fields that demonstrate sustained interest in pluralistic analysis and engagement. Here, we focus on the insights science and technology studies (STS) provides on opening up and closing down participatory governance, understanding knowledge-power dynamics and implications for stakeholder value creation.
A memorization network model of normal environment for anomaly detection

The authors propose a three-layered network structure to detect abnormal objects in environments where surveillance cameras, security robots, and other image devices are employed for routine observations. By referring to the input patterns obtained from the environment, the network is structured to memorize the normal states of environments by constantly updating the connection weights in the network. As a result of learning, the network detects abnormal objects in input images. We conducted experiments in an office and in a corridor to verify the effectiveness of the proposed network for anomaly detection.
Short-Term Persistence in Hybrid Mutual Fund Performance: The Role of Style-Shifting Abilities

Our study analyzes the performance of hybrid mutual funds. Based on two extended Carhart models we determine total fund performance by comparing fund returns to investable fund-specific style benchmarks. Using daily returns and a quarterly measurement interval, we present an innovative return-based approach to decompose total performance into in-quarter abnormal performance and style-shifting performance. In addition, we split total style-shifting performance into active and passive components. In this context, we confirm possible benefits of these performance measures by analyzing several simulated investment strategies. Our empirical study covers 520 hybrid mutual funds from 10/1998 to 12/2009 and shows that hybrid mutual funds (i) do not outperform their benchmarks on average, (ii) partially show positive in-quarter abnormal performance and style-shifting abilities, and (iii) exhibit short-term persistence in in-quarter abnormal performance but not in style-shifting abilities.
National Public Opinion and the EU in the Post-Maastricht Era: Is the Socialisation Theory Actually Dead?

Previous research has found that the socialisation process accounts for cross-national and cross-temporal variation in the level of public support for European integration—an effect explained as the socialisation theory. However, the theory has been tested only for the period up to the early 1990s, which coincided with the alleged permissive consensus. With the constraining dissensus, the related theory has been de facto assumed to be missing in action. In this paper, using Eurobarometer data from 1992 to 2001, we argue that the socialisation process as an explanation of public levels of support for the EU has indeed lost substance following the deep changes undergone by the EU during that period but still retains a role. The socialisation theory becomes less persuasive than explanations in terms of people's economic and social assessments of how the EU is affecting nation states and individuals, and national publics' different preferences for particular models of the EU. The article concludes with the implications of these findings.
How Should Benefits and Costs Be Discounted in an Intergenerational Context?

Should governments, in discounting the future benefits and costs of public projects, use a discount rate that declines over time? The argument for a declining discount rate is a simple one: if the discount rates that will be applied in the future are persistent, and if the analyst can assign probabilities to these discount rates, this will result in a declining schedule of certainty-equivalent discount rates. A growing empirical literature estimates models of long-term interest rates and uses them to forecast the declining discount rate schedule. I briefly review this literature, focusing on models for the United States. This literature has, however, been criticized for a lack of connection to the theory of project evaluation. In cost-benefit analysis, the net benefits of a project in year t (in consumption units) are to be discounted to the present at the rate at which society would trade consumption in year t for consumption in the present. With simplifying assumptions, this leads to the Ramsey discounting formula. The Ramsey formula results in a declining certainty-equivalent discount rate if the rate of growth in consumption is uncertain and if shocks to consumption are correlated over time. Using the extended Ramsey formula to estimate a numerical schedule of certainty-equivalent discount rates is, however, challenging.
Racial formation in the United States : from the 1960s to the 1980s

1. Ethnicity 2. Class 3. Nation Towards a Racial Formation Perspective Part Two 4. Racial Formation 5. The Racial State Part Three 6. The Great Transformation 7. Race and Reaction Conclusion Epilogue: Closing Pandora's Box -- Race and the "New Democrats"
Vallée Poussin kernels, shift-invariant subspaces and the spline connection

Shift-invariant approximation plays an important role in topics related with sampling theory. Despite being a theoretically mature topic, when it comes to practice, splines and Gaussians are the only well known generators. Here, we show that kernels introduced by Vallée Poussin, in context of the singular convolution integrals, can be successfully repurposed for shift-invariant approximation theory. Among other properties, such as excellent time-frequency localization, we prove that the Vallée Poussin kernel, or the VPK, admits partition of unity and forms a Riesz basis. Surprisingly, for a particular order, the VPK is identical to cubic splines at integer knots and this has interesting consequences. Quantitative Fourier analysis of the VPK, for convolution based approximation, shows a compelling performance and proximity to the spline family.
Systematic review of antistaphylococcal antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis

BACKGROUND The respiratory tract in patients with cystic fibrosis is frequently colonised with Staphylococcus aureus. There is great diversity of clinical practice in this area of cystic fibrosis. A systematic review was conducted to study the evidence relating antistaphylococcal therapy to clinical outcome in patients with cystic fibrosis. METHODS A search strategy already evaluated for the study of the epidemiology of cystic fibrosis clinical trials was used. This yielded 3188 references from which 13 clinical trials of antistaphylococcal therapy were identified. RESULTS Substantial heterogeneity was observed between trials. In the 13 clinical trials a total of 19 antibiotics were used to assess a wide variety of outcome measures (11 clinical, six laboratory). Both intermittent and continuous treatment strategies were used. Sputum clearance ofS aureus was more frequently achieved than any other beneficial outcome. A beneficial effect on pulmonary function was rarely measured or observed. Although five randomised clinical trials were identified, the extent of heterogeneity precluded the use of meta-analysis for further synthesis of information. CONCLUSIONS Antistaphylococcal treatment achieves sputum clearance of S aureus in patients with cystic fibrosis. Prophylactic antistaphylococcal treatment in young children with cystic fibrosis is likely to be of clinical benefit. It remains to be determined whether the use of “prophylactic” versus “intermittent” antistaphylococcal therapy in cystic fibrosis is associated with improved lung function and/or chest radiographic scores, an increase in bacterial resistance, or earlier acquisition ofPseudomonas aeruginosa. A large randomised clinical trial lasting approximately two years is urgently required to address this problem.
Accelerometer-based angle measurement system with application in hospital bed

This paper presented a design of angle measurement system using accelerometer and Arduino. The main components consist of 2 parts, ADXL33S Accelerometer IC chip and Arduino microcontroller. The function of ADXL335 Accelerometer is to perform an AC amplification, Demodulation unit, and output amp. The Arduino serves as signal amplification, analog to digital converter, low pass filter, isolator and SPI. SPI is served as an interfacing unit with the display. The LCD displays not only the angle but also the alarm system of angle measurement which is important for indicate the condition of patient bed. The results show an accuracy of the proposed system more than 80% of the angles. The results are very promising.
Haemoglobin receptor protein is intragenically encoded by the cysteine proteinase‐encoding genes and the haemagglutinin‐encoding gene of Porphyromonas gingivalis

The obligately anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis produces characteristic black‐pigmented colonies on blood agar. It is thought that the black pigmentation is caused by haem accumulation and is related to virulence of the microorganism. P. gingivalis cells expressed a prominent 19 kDa protein when grown on blood agar plates. Analysis of its N‐terminal amino acid sequence indicated that the 19 kDa protein was encoded by an internal region (HGP15 domain) of an arginine‐specific cysteine proteinase (Arg‐gingipain, RGP)‐encoding gene (rgp1) and was also present in genes for lysine‐specific cysteine proteinases (prtP and kgp) and a haemagglutinin (hagA) of P. gingivalis. The HGP15 domain protein was purified from an HGP15‐overproducing Escherichia coli and was found to have the ability to bind to haemoglobin in a pH‐dependent manner. The anti‐HGP15 antiserum reacted with the 19 kDa haemoglobin‐binding protein in the envelope of P. gingivalis. P. gingivalis wild‐type strain showed pH‐dependent haemoglobin adsorption, whereas its non‐pigmented mutants that produced no HGP15‐related proteins showed deficiency in haemoglobin adsorption. These results strongly indicate a close relationship among HGP15 production, haemoglobin adsorption and haem accumulation of P. gingivalis.
Reply to Ackerberg and Devereux and Blomquist and Dahlberg on 'The case against JIVE'

We welcome the comments on our paper by Ackerberg and Devereux (AD) and Blomquist and Dahlberg (BD), and we are happy to take this opportunity to respond briefly to them. We agree wholeheartedly with both AD and BD that is it unprofitable to try to obtain meaningful empirical results when all available instruments are very weak. At least in our experiments, however, it is only in this case that JIVE1 ever outperforms LIML in terms of dispersion; see Figure 5 and the top left panel of Figure 6. Thus we disagree with BD that our 'categorical rejection of JIVE' is not in accord with our simulation results. BD are, however, absolutely correct to point out that our experiments deal with a very simple case and do not tell the whole story. AD discuss two quite new estimators, IJIVE and UIJIVE, which apparently improve upon the JIVE1 estimator. Their comment suggests that our conclusion that JIVE1 is inferior to LIML does not necessarily apply to these estimators. In order to investigate the properties of these two estimators, we performed a new set of simulation experiments, with the same design as those we describe in the paper. The results of the new experiments are presented graphically in Figures la-6a, which, like Figures 1-13 from the paper itself, are available from the JAE Data Archive website at www.econ.queensu.ca/jae/. The new figures deal with the same cases as Figures 1-6 of the paper. Results for IJIVE and UIJIVE are added, and, for readability, results for 2SLS are removed. The superiority of IJIVE and, especially, UIJIVE relative to JIVE1 emerges quite clearly from the new figures. What is particularly interesting is that UIJIVE tends to be substantially less dispersed than the other JIVE estimators. When the instruments are weak, it is often much less dispersed than LIML. Our tentative conclusion is that UIJIVE is the best JIVE estimator to date and may well be worth using in practice. The simulation results suggest that IJIVE and UIJIVE, like JIVE1 and LIML, have no moments, and we have confirmed this analytically. This leads us to question the interpretation of the results in Phillips and Hale (1977) and in Ackerberg and Devereux (2003) that purport to yield approximate biases for these estimators. These results are based on stochastic expansions, which can be represented schematically as
Valuation techniques for infrastructure investment decisions

Public infrastructure owners are increasingly soliciting BOT arrangements to deliver needed infrastructure facilities. Such arrangements potentially preserve a public owner's capital capacity for allocation to projects that cannot support themselves by essentially ‘pulling’ projects from the private sector. Before soliciting these arrangements, however, owners should independently evaluate a project's economic viability to fully appraise the issues and variables involved. Unfortunately, project analysts often apply evaluation methods without regard for their assumptions and limitations. A case study of a toll road project in the USA provides the basis for examining the assumptions behind both traditional and option valuation models. The case demonstrates the use of an option pricing model to augment traditional project evaluation by capturing strategic considerations, in this case the value of project deferment. The presentation illustrates that the selection of a valuation model depends critically upon the characteristics of a project's variables and that informed judgment remains an integral part of the decision‐making process.
Determinants of Long Acting and Permanent Contraceptive Methods Utilization among Married Women in Hossana Town, Southern Ethiopia:A Case - Control Study

Background: Long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods (LAPMs) are highly effective, safe, convenient, and cost effective. Many women in Ethiopia rely on short acting contraceptives. Hence, this study was conducted to assess determinants of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods utilization among married women in Hossana town, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community based unmatched case control study was conducted in Hossana town among married women. Census was done to know the number of cases and controls in the study area before data collection. A total of 420 respondents (140 cases and 280 controls) were selected by using simple random sampling technique. Cases were married women who were using long acting and permanent contraceptive methods whereas controls were married women who were using short acting contraceptive methods. Data entry and cleaning were done by Epi-info version 3.5. 3 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Result: A total of 414 married women of reproductive age group were interviewed with response rate of 99%. Women with moderate and good level of knowledge about LAPM [AOR=13.9, 95% CI: 6.16, 31.56] and [AOR=8.74, 95% CI: 3.78, 20.2] respectively, discussion about modern contraceptives with their partners [AOR=3, 95%CI: 1.37, 7.11], plan or intention to give birth in the future [AOR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.25,0.98], source of modern contraceptives from non-governmental health facilities [AOR=7.4 95% CI: 2.62, 20.8] and women who had 3-4 children versus children[AOR = 0.42 95% CI: 0.20, 0.90] were determinant factors of LAPM utilization. Conclusion: More actions should be done in order to increase the utilization of LAPM by promoting discussion between partners about modern contraceptives, women’s knowledge about LAPM and provision of adequate LAPM in public health facilities.
Accurate modeling of PMSM for differential mode current and differential torque calculation

In this paper an accurate modeling of permanent magnet synchronous motor that is suitable for high frequency differential mode calculation is proposed. The model takes into consideration the core losses and the two resonance responses that occurred during the experimental results. The model is suitable for calculation of torque ripple contribution due to flow of the differential current in motor winding. The experimental measurements show that the motor differential mode stray capacitances are functions of rotor position. The simulation results of the proposed differential mode circuits together with the experimental results show that the level of the differential mode noise currents is of significant value that can not be ignored. However, the flow of some of this differential mode current in the motor stator windings has small contribution of the torque ripple.
Market Prosperity, Democratic Consolidation, and Democratic Peace

A model is introduced that yields a single parsimonious explanation for a diverse range of political phenomena, including the processes of democratic consolidation and peace among democratic nations. The model predicts democratic values to arise from the norms of contract that are endemic in developed market economies and yields the novel contingent claim that the peace among democratic nations may be a pattern limited to those democracies with developed economies. Analyses of a large number of interstate dyads from 1950 to 1992 show strong support for this hypothesis. It seems that the pacifying impact of democracy is about twice as strong among developed countries compared with other dyads. Among conflict-prone contiguous dyads, the pacifying impact of democracy does not appear statistically significant among the poorest decile of joint democratic dyads. The study demonstrates the wide explanatory power of the simple postulate that social values and political preferences derive from socioeconomic norms.