Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kernel Data Integrity Protection via Memory Access Control

Operating system kernels isolate applications from other malicious software via protected memory created by virtual memory management. Even though modern kernels aggregate core kernel code with driver and module components of different provenance, kernel memory remains unified and without isolation. Kernel-level malicious software has full access to the data and operations of all kernel components. In this paper, we create kernel memory protection. We design an access control policy and enforcement system that prevents kernel components with low trust from altering security-critical data used by the kernel to manage its own execution. Our policies are at the granularity of kernel variables and structure elements, and they can protect data dynamically allocated at runtime. Our hypervisor-based design uses memory page protection bits as part of its policy enforcement; the granularity difference between page-level protection and variable-level policies challenges the system’s ability to remain performant. We develop kernel data-layout partitioning and reorganization to maintain kernel performance in the presence of our protections. We show that our system prevents illegitimate alteration of securitycritical kernel data at a performance cost of 1–20%. By offering protection for critical kernel data, we guarantee that security utilities relying on the integrity of kernel-level state remain accurate.
Quantitative Study of On-Line and Real-Time Language Translation On the World Wide Web

The capability of machine translation (MT) is incorporated into the World Wide Web in this paper. An on-line and real-time English-to-Chinese machine translation system has been developed and evaluated. For the end-users, this system can be used as a multilingual information accessing system or a cross-language information retrieval system on the Internet. Alternatively, it can be treated as a Chinese document generating system to produce the Chinese or the bilingual English-Chinese versions of documents from English web pages dynamically. A quantitative study of this system is examined on one snapshot of 100,000 web pages. We evaluate the cost of communication, tagging, parsing and lexical selection from large-scale on-line web translation. Further, the tradeoff between the speed performance and the translation performance is discussed. The 30 top requested WWW sites are evaluated to illustrate such consideration. On average, it takes 4.66 seconds for HTML analysis and machine translation. The correct rates of tagging and lexical selection are 97.36% and 85.37%, respectively.
An Open-Label Study of Aripiprazole for Methamphetamine Induced Psychosis

Objective: This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and tolerability of aripiprazole in the treatment of psychosis among methamphetamine dependent patients. Methods: This was an open label single arm prospective study conducted at the University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). The study subjects included treatment naive patients with a current diagnosis of methamphetamine dependence with co-occurring acute psychotic symptoms based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSMIV). Eligible patients were treated with an initial dose of 5-10 mg aripiprazole followed by flexible doses (5-15mg/day) from day 2 to 14. Results: Out of 49 patients enrolled, 41 patients (83.7) completed the study. At baseline the mean PANSS total score was 79.2 +/- 13.7 and the mean CGI-S score was 4.3 +/- 0.5. There was a statistically significant decline in the mean PANSS-total and CGI-S scores over the course of the study. The mean reduction was 27.6 +/- 21.4 point (p < 0.05, 95 Cl (-34.8, -20.4)) from baseline on day 14 for total PANSS score and 2.0 +/- 1.2 point (p < 0.05, 95 Cl (-2.4, -1.6) for CGI-S. Aripiprazole was generally well tolerated during the study. Adverse events were reported in 10 (20.4) patients. No statistically significant changes were noted with respect to movement-related adverse events. Conclusions: This study found that aripiprazole improved the psychotic symptoms associated with methamphetamine use. It was generally well tolerated with mild to moderate adverse events. Based on these results aripiprazole might be an effective and safe option for the treatment of methamphetamine induced psychosis.
De médicos e médiuns: medicina, espiritismo e loucura no Brasil da primeira metade do século XX

This academic work has the objective to investigate how a therapeutic form and Kardecist knowledge regarding madness was built in Brazil, also investigating the perception and approach of the medical and psychiatric class with regards to this knowledge, that was and still is, even though in a less incisive manner, its competitor for the leadership in the treatment of madness and the insane. In this study I have emphasized the approach and exclusion that might exist between the strategies of these two intervention proposals regarding the same subject. In such a manner, this paper proposes to investigate the spiritualist model of defining and treating madness and the effects that this conceptual production caused within the medical class in itself. I also intend to analyze how the installation of the institutions destined for the internment of the insane was made and managed by associations with spiritualist doctrine which had their own forms of treatment. When proposing the investigation about the social problem generated by madness and by the insane, I intend to emphasize its multidimensional aspect, i.e. as a social factor with the possibility of creating different analysis and conceptual solutions by heterogeneous groups of social actors that will include it in their own systems of significance and understanding. Even having different explanatory models, these groups present the same capacity of internment, policy development, management of internment and treatment institutions, mobilization of various sectors of the society and establishment of alliances with the public power.
A Sensitivity-Enhanced Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator Gas Sensor with an Oscillator Circuit and Its Detection Application

This paper presents a sensitivity-enhanced gas sensor based on a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR). It was designed and fabricated with micro through-holes in its top electrode for sensitivity enhancement. The sensor was driven by a Colpitts oscillator circuit, and the output signal had characteristics of a power of −2.6 dBm@3 V and a phase noise of −90 dBc/Hz@100 kHz. In order to test the performance of the sensor, it was used for the detection of relative humidity (RH) and ethanol. When the relative humidity ranged from 25% to 88%, the frequency shift of the sensor was 733 kHz, which was 3.2 times higher than that of the existing FBAR sensor with a complete top electrode. Fitting results of the frequency shift and the relative humidity indicated that the measurement error was within ±0.8% RH. When the ethanol concentration ranged from 0 to 0.2355 g/L, the frequency shift of the sensor was 365 kHz. The effect of the oscillator circuit on the adsorption reaction and temperature response of the FBAR sensor device was analyzed to optimize its detection application.
Topic detection and organization of mobile text messages

How to organize and visualize big amount of text messages stored on one's mobile phone is a challenging problem, since they can hardly be organized by threads as we do for emails due to lack of necessary metadata such as "subject" and "reply-to". In this paper, we propose an innovative approach based on clustering algorithms and natural language processing methods. We first cluster the text messages into candidate conversations based on their temporal attributes, and then do further analysis using a semantic model based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Considering that the text messages are usually short and sparse, we trained the model using a large scale external data collected from twitter-like web sites, and applied the model to text messages. In the end, the text messages are organized as conversations based on their topics. We evaluated our approach based on 122,359 text messages collected from 50 university students during 6 months.
Formation and Fate of a Complete 31-Protein RNA Polymerase II Transcription Preinitiation Complex*

Background: Analyses of pol II transcription are hampered by the difficulty of preparing an abundant functional preinitiation complex (PIC). Results: We reconstituted milligram quantities of a complete 31-subunit PIC. Conclusion: An intermediate comprising TBP, TFIIE, TFIIH, and DNA could be isolated and combined with TFIIB and pol II-TFIIF to generate the PIC. Significance: The results enable definitive biochemical and structural studies of the transcription initiation machinery. Whereas individual RNA polymerase II (pol II)-general transcription factor (GTF) complexes are unstable, an assembly of pol II with six GTFs and promoter DNA could be isolated in abundant homogeneous form. The resulting complete pol II transcription preinitiation complex (PIC) contained equimolar amounts of all 31 protein components. An intermediate in assembly, consisting of four GTFs and promoter DNA, could be isolated and supplemented with the remaining components for formation of the PIC. Nuclease digestion and psoralen cross-linking mapped the PIC between positions −70 and −9, centered on the TATA box. Addition of ATP to the PIC resulted in quantitative conversion to an open complex, which retained all 31 proteins, contrary to expectation from previous studies. Addition of the remaining NTPs resulted in run-off transcription, with an efficiency that was promoter-dependent and was as great as 17.5% with the promoters tested.
The Effects of Mandibular Two-implant Overdentures on Nutrition in Elderly Edentulous Individuals

It is unclear whether mandibular implant overdentures improve the nutritional state of edentulous patients better than conventional dentures. In a randomized clinical trial, we tested for post-treatment differences in nutritional status between patients with mandibular two-implant retained overdentures and those with conventional complete dentures. Edentulous subjects (ages 65–75 yrs) received two-implant mandibular overdentures (IOD, n = 30) or conventional dentures (CD, n = 30). Measures of nutritional state were gathered before and 6 mos after treatment. Significant improvements in anthropometric parameters were detected in the IOD but not in the CD group, for percent body fat (p = 0.011) and skin-fold thickness at the biceps, subscapularis, and abdomen (p < 0.05), with significant decreases in waist circumference (p < 0.0001) and waist-hip ratio (p = 0.001). Significant increases were seen in concentrations of serum albumin (p = 0.015), hemoglobin (p = 0.01), and B12 (p = 0.01). No significant between-group differences were found. These results suggest that low-cost IOD treatment may improve the nutritional state of edentulous people.
Amplitude Offset Estimation by Phase Comparison in Suppression Loops

In this paper, a new architecture for an RF amplitude comparator circuit is introduced. The technique employs a trigonometric relationship enacted by passive RF components to map the amplitude ratio between two co-spectral RF signals into a phase difference. The theory of operation of the circuit is discussed in detail and the results of a practical investigation are presented, validating the approach. The results demonstrate an accuracy advantage over commercially available products. Over the frequency range of 1600-2100 MHz, amplitude offset measurements to within 0.08 dB of that of a calibrated vector signal analyzer are shown.
Planning a clinical research study

n planning any research protocol, we should consider HOW WILL POTENTIAL SOURCES OF BIAS BE two questions: 1. Is there a real need for the trial? 2. Is AVOIDED? the study design and methodology robust? We focus on the second issue-study validity. Bias is “a systematic tendency to produce an outcome that differs from the underlying truth”. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the most valid of falls into four categories: selection bias, performance bias, the clinical research designs. It is a prospective study where detection bias and attrition bias [Table 4]. allocation to the treatment groups is random. Recently, RCTs have become widespread in the medical literature. Selection bias In 1998, more than 12000 RCTs were being published The goal when enrolling patients is to create comparison each year, more than double the annual publication rate groups that are similar with respect to all known or unknown of just a decade previously. This growth can be traced to confounding factors. This is accomplished by randomizing the growing acceptance of RCTs as the most reliable patients. Reviews comparing randomized with observational experimental design for investigating therapeutic studies have found that a lack of randomization can lead to interventions. Although preferred, RCTs are just one of both underestimation and overestimation of the treatment many research designs [Table 1]. effect. The process of randomization depends on two procedures: generation of an allocation sequence and While outside factors such as cost or time may influence allocation concealment [Table 5]. the choice of design, the most suitable research design is dictated by the research question being asked. For Randomization example, it would be unethical to randomize patients to Fundamental to RCTs is the random allocation of patients an exposure suspected as being harmful. A cohort study to comparison groups. Nonrandom methods of allocation would be an appropriate and ethical design to answer such subvert the whole purpose of an RCT. Some methods are a question. Nonetheless, for questions of therapy, RCTs described as “pseudorandomization”. have moved to the top of what is known as the therapeutic allocating patients by chart number, date of presentation hierarchy [Table 2]. The validity of the evidence is highest or by alternating assignment. There is the risk of introducing for a single, large randomized trial. Randomization limits bias into your study. As an example, in some populations bias and controls for unknown prognostic variables. the day of week on which a child is born is not a completely Careful deliberation of some simple questions can help to random event. There is also the risk of compromising Bias in clinical trials
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND THE QUESTION OF THEOLOGICAL METHOD

Abstract I dedicate this article to Don S. Browning whose funeral occurred June 10, 2010, a week prior to its delivery at the Society for Pastoral Theology in Chicago. He wraps up its thesis in one sentence when he says to Christian ethics about its use of psychology what I have tried to say to theology about engaging neuroscience: “Christian ethics must critique these psychologies at the same time that it learns from them” (2006, p. 3).
And Climate Modeling. 4 Current Status and Availibility

PVM was originally developed at Oat Ridge National Laboratory two years ago and was made publically available in March of this year. The current version, Version 2.2, is available through netlib. To obtain a description of what is available, such as a copy of the PVM User's Guide or source code, send e-mail to netlib@ornl.gov with the message: send index from pvm. A prototype version of HeNCE is expected to be available near the end of summer. PVM opens the door to Heterogeneous Network Supercomputing. It is time to step inside and explore this new area of computing.
Are we here for the same reason? Exploring the motivational values that shape the professional decision making of signed language interpreters.

The goal of this research is to begin a discussion in the ASL/English interpreting field about how personally held motivations and values impact the decision making process. From the decision to enter this field to the decisions an interpreter makes on a daily basis, values are central to understanding that process. The first step in this analysis was to collect data from current interpreters and interpreting students to see what motivational values are prioritized within professional communities. This data was collected through an online questionnaire made available through multiple social media websites that support various ASL/English interpreting communities. Through statistical analysis of the results of this questionnaire and the coding of one short answer question the following questions are addressed: What motivational values do ASL/English interpreters prioritize? How are these values expressed when interpreters are asked to articulate the reasons for pursuing a career in this field? Do participant’s demographic characteristics (e.g., native language(s), educational background, ethnic identity, and specialized work settings) relate with prioritization of motivational value types? The results showed that the sample prioritized the motivational types of selfdirection, benevolence, and universalism most highly. Some possible reasons for this value prioritization will be explored as well as sub-populations with the sample that diverged from this motivational value system.
Inter-zone interference avoidance using channel reservation in multiple subcarrier multiple access scheme

Interest in structural health monitoring for which sensors are used to detect structural damage has increased. For low-cost installation, these sensors are required to be batteryless and wireless. The objective of this study is to realize structural health monitoring for large-scale structures using a multiple subcarrier multiple access scheme that functionally enhances sub-carrier methods in radio-frequency identification (RFID) communication. When the target structure is of large scale, it is necessary to divide the structure into several zones because of communication distance restrictions. In this case, some wireless sensor nodes are located in zones where adjacent transceiver ranges overlap, thereby transmitting their sensing signals to both zones; thus, the problem of inter-zone interference due to unintended subcarriers arises. Therefore, we propose a method of inter-zone interference avoidance in which channels are reserved for wireless sensors overlapping adjacent zones. Evaluation via simulation reveals that the average communication capacity reduction can be suppressed compared with the case without channel reservation.
On Improved Parallel Immune Quantum Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Learning Mechanism

A new multi-universe parallel immune quantum evolutionary algorithm based on learning mechanism (MPMQEA) is proposed, in the algorithm, all individuals are divided into some independent sub-colonies, called universes. Their topological structure is defined, each universe evolving independently uses the immune quantum evolutionary algorithm. Information among the universes is exchanged by adopting emigration based on the improved learning mechanism and quantum interaction simulating entanglement of quantum. It not only can maintain quite nicely the population diversity, but also can help to converge to the global optimal solution rapidly. The typical function tests show that MPMQEA has nice performances such as avoiding local optima, high precision solution, and quick convergence
The Subjects of Collectively Binding Decisions: Democratic Inclusion and Extraterritorial Law

Citizenship and residency are basic conditions for political inclusion in a democracy. However, if democracy is premised on the inclusion of everyone subject to collectively binding decisions, the relevance of either citizenship or residency for recognition as a member of the polity is uncertain. The aim of this paper is to specify the conditions for being subject to collective decisions in the sense relevant to democratic theory. Three conceptions of what it means to be subject to collectively binding decisions are identified and examined, referring to those subject to legal duties and legal powers or to those subject to legal duties and state institutions. The contrast between them is most clearly illustrated in relation to non-residents, those not present in the territory of the state. The extraterritorial dimension of the law thus highlights a fundamental ambiguity in the theory of democracy concerning the extension of political rights.
CQA-WF: Consistent Query Answers to Conjunctive Queries Using the Well-Founded Semantics

A database instance can become inconsistent with respect to its integrity constraints (ICs), for instance, after update operations. When this happens, it is possible to compute the repairs of the database. A minimal repair is a new database instance that satisfies the ICs, is obtained by applying update operations over the original instance, and differs minimally from the original instance. We can evaluate queries over the repairs, an answer to a conjunctive query is consistent if it is an answer in every repair. The repairs of database instances can be specified by repair programs. Moreover, we can compute consistent answers to queries by evaluating query programs together with the repair programs under the stable model semantics. The use of logic programs does not exceed the intrinsic complexity of consistent query answering. Nevertheless, for a certain class of conjunctive queries and ICs it is possible to use the alternative well-founded semantics (WFS) to evaluate queries. We present CQA-WF, a system that allows the computation of consistent answers to conjunctive queries over inconsistent databases with respect to functional dependencies (FDs). CQA-WF evaluates logic programs under the WFS. The WFS has lower data complexity than the stable models semantics.
Robust, Informative Human-in-the-Loop Predictions via Empirical Reachable Sets

In order to develop safe autonomous systems, accurate and precise models of human behavior must be developed. For intelligent vehicles, one can imagine the need for predicting driver behavior to develop minimally invasive active safety systems or to safely interact with human drivers on the road. We present an optimization-based method for approximating the stochastic reachable set for human-in-the-loop systems. This method identifies the most precise subset of states that a human driven vehicle may enter, given some data set of observed trajectories. We phrase this problem as a mixed integer linear program, solved via branch and bound methods. The resulting model uncovers the most representative set that encapsulates the likely trajectories, up to some probability threshold, by optimally rejecting outliers in the data set. This tool provides set predictions consisting of trajectories observed from the nonlinear dynamics and behaviors of the human driven car, and can account for modes of behavior, like the driver state or intent. This method is applied to predict lane changing behavior, achieving $\sim$90% accuracy over long time horizons. This flexible algorithm is to handle realistic complex human driving data and provide a robust and informative prediction of driver behavior.
Contact point identification in multi-fingered grasps exploiting kinematic constraints

Most of the algorithms used in grasp planning, force optimization and control of multifingered hands need information about the points of contact with a grasped object as well as the normal of the surface in the contact point. With no image processing, this information is gained from tactile sensor arrays, multidimensional force/torque sensors or a priori knowledge. This paper presents a method for those cases, when no good quality sensors are present or measurements are to be improved by sensor fusion. An algorithm is developed to determine the contact points and inherently the surface normal from only joint angle sensors and a geometric description of the fingertip in the 3D case. This is done by observing the constrained motion of fingers securely grasping an object.