Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the Use of Curriculum to Support Early Literacy Instruction: A Multiple Case Study of Head Start Teachers

ABSTRACT Research Findings: This qualitative study examined how Head Start teachers thought about children’s early literacy and how they enacted their thinking in a year-long curriculum reform effort. Data collected included interviews, observations, questionnaires, concept maps, and teachers’ reflections on implementation. The results indicated that as teachers implemented the new curriculum, a number of factors influenced their instructional practice. Four cross-case themes emerged: Volunteering to Change, Teachers’ Perspectives About Early Literacy, The Relationships Within Teaching Teams, and The Head Start Context. Practice or Policy: Findings are discussed as they relate to improving early literacy instruction through the use of curriculum. Implications for practitioners and teacher educators are outlined, including the importance of addressing gaps in teacher knowledge, facilitating skill development, and influencing teachers’ motivation to engage in change. Equally important to consider are factors that may influence a teacher’s readiness to change his or her practice and emphasizing the need for supportive environments as teachers work to enhance children’s early literacy development.
Are Truck Drivers Ready to Save Fuel? The Objective and Subjective Effectiveness of an Ecological Driver Assistance System

This paper addresses ecological driving of manually driven heavy duty vehicles with the help of an Ecological Driver Assistance System (EDAS). The proposed solution estimates an ecological vehicle control based on predictive information from a digital map to give sustainable eco-driving recommendations over a Human Machine Interface (HMI) to the driver. The main contribution is an extensive study with N = 24 professional truck drivers conducted in public traffic to evaluate system performance in terms of economy, safety, comfort, and acceptance. Thereby, two different configurations of the EDAS were compared to the series condition, one with a graphical dashboard only and a second configuration with an additional haptic acceleration pedal. Vehicle data as well as subjective variables were recorded. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase of both the objective and subjective system performance in all four parameter sets for both configurations in comparison to the series condition. Nevertheless, the haptic acceleration pedal yielded even better results than the graphical presentation alone. Altogether, the study proved that drivers are willing to save fuel if they are supported by an EDAS.
ECG signal analysis using wavelet coherence and s-transform for classification of cardiovascular diseases

The spontaneous classification of cardiovascular diseases is a challenging task and can be made more feasible with proper ECG fluctuation analysis. In this contribution we perform a qualitative analysis of the ECG data using complex Gaussian wavelets to investigate the multi-scale, self similar behaviour and deviation via phase plots of the wavelet cross spectrum of the ECG signals. We further analyze ECG signals using S transform to overcome the limitations of continuous wavelet transform and make the results more consistent and reliable. The results obtained are promising and the inferences drawn to aid in disease classification using the ECG signals are also discussed.
Comparing modalities for kinesiatric exercise instruction

We present an experimental comparison of three kinesiatric exercise instruction modalities: a live human instructor (human), recorded video (video) and a virtual figure displayed next to the representation of the users' approximate skeleton (interactive). The results regarding user experience, preferences, and exercise accuracy indicate a preference for the human instructor across measures. A disparity exists between exercise accuracy and perceived ease of understanding when comparing the video with the interactive modality. Perception measures indicate a slight preference for the video modality, whilst performance data shows a significantly higher accuracy in the interactive condition. Our findings support the further investigation of digital interfaces to support physical therapy and rehabilitation as a cost-effective and potentially more efficiently customizable addition to traditional exercise instruction forms.
Tensions in stakeholder relations for a Swedish football club – a case study

Swedish football is an industry not yet being as commercial as the big leagues and is regulated in terms of ownership of clubs. This implies a need for management of stakeholder relations for a Swedish football club. This paper identifies important stakeholders in Swedish football and discusses the multitude of – sometimes conflicting – objectives in managing these relations. The empirical base of the study is founded in a case study of Malmö FF, one of the dominant clubs in Sweden, with a qualitative single case research approach. Data are collected by means of semi-structured interviews and participant observations. The results of the study show a number of tensions as paradoxes for stakeholder management, suggest management dispositions to reconcile these paradoxes and suggest areas for further research.
Improving the agent-oriented modeling realization by roles

Current agent-oriented (AO) methodologies focus mainly on multi-agent systems analysis and design, but without providing straightforward connections to the implementation of such systems with existing traditional software techniques, such as object-oriented (OO) techniques. In this paper, we show how the role-based AO modeling method can be effective used to realize the transition from AO analysis results to OO implementation through a case study (police and thief experimental system).
Identification of jump Markov linear models using particle filters

Jump Markov linear models consists of a finite number of linear state space models and a discrete variable encoding the jumps (or switches) between the different linear models. Identifying jump Markov linear models makes for a challenging problem lacking an analytical solution. We derive a new expectation maximization (EM) type algorithm that produce maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. Our development hinges upon recent progress in combining particle filters with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods in solving the nonlinear state smoothing problem inherent in the EM formulation. Key to our development is that we exploit a conditionally linear Gaussian substructure in the model, allowing for an efficient algorithm.
Anomaly Teletraffic Intrusion Detection Systems on Hadoop-Based Platforms: A Survey of Some Problems and Solutions

Telecommunication networks are getting more important in our social lives because many people want to share their information and ideas. Thanks to the rapid development of the Internet and ubiquitous technologies including mobile devices such as smart phones, mobile phones and tablet PCs, the quality of our lives has been greatly influenced and rapidly changed in recent years. Internet users have exponentially increased as well. Meanwhile, the explosive growth of teletraffic called big data for user services threatens the current networks, and we face menaces from various kinds of intrusive incidents through the Internet. A variety of network attacks on network resources have continuously caused serious damage. Thus, active and advanced technologies for early detecting of anomaly teletraffic on Hadoop-based platforms are required. In this paper, a survey of some problems and technical solutions for anomaly teletraffic intrusion detection systems based on the open-source software platform Hadoop has been investigated and proposed.
Early Esophageal Cancer Specific Survival Is Unaffected by Anatomical Location of Tumor: A Population-Based Study

Background. Approximately one-fifth of all esophageal cancer cases are defined as early esophageal cancer (EEC). Although endoscopic therapy (ET) has been shown to be equally effective as esophagectomy (EST) in patients with EEC, there is little information comparing the survival outcomes of the two therapies based on anatomical location. Methods. A population-based study was conducted and the data was obtained from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Patients with EEC (i.e., stages Tis and T1a) and treated with either ET or EST were analyzed to compare EEC-related survival for three different locations of tumor. Results. The overall EEC-specific 1-year and 5-year mean (±SE) survival rates were 11.66 ± 0.05 and 52.80 ± 0.58 months, respectively. Tumors located in lower third had better 5-year survival compared to those located in middle third (83.50% versus 73.10%, p < 0.01). However, when adjusted for age, race, gender, marital status, grade, stage of tumor, histological type, and treatment modality, there was no significant difference. Conclusion. The EEC-specific 1-year or 5-year adjusted survival did not differ by anatomic location of the tumor. Therefore, ET might serve as a minimally invasive yet effective alternative to EST to treat EEC.
Motivation for learning English in the immersion environment of an international school in Japan

ABSTRACT The present study examined motivation toward English learning among students at an international school in Japan. The motivation of 112 elementary school students, including those with English and Japanese as an L1, and those bilingual in English and Japanese, was analyzed based on self-determination theory. The results showed a distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, including three types of regulation (viz., identified, introjected, and external regulation) on the self-determination continuum. For all three language groups, self-determined orientations constituted the highest motivation for studying English, and English L1 participants were more enthusiastic than Japanese L1 participants about studying English. Whereas a number of studies have suggested that Japanese L1 students’ motivation toward English learning decreases with grade level, this study found that participants’ intrinsic motivation did not decrease significantly. This finding may be due to the immersion environment, in which Japanese L1 participants learnt English together with English L1 participants, whose intrinsic motivation significantly increased from the middle to upper grades. It may also be due to the opportunity to use English with both L1 and L2 peers, allowing L2 learners to visualize target language use in the English-Japanese immersion environment.
Calpa: atool for automating dynamic compilation

Declarative dynamic compilation systems are driven by user annotations that identify runtime constants. Although manually inserting annotations can achieve significant program speedups, it is a tedious and time-consuming process that requires careful inspection of a program's static characteristics and runtime behavior and much trial and error in order to craft beneficial annotations. Calpa is a system that generates annotations automatically for the DyC dynamic compiler. Calpa utilizes execution frequency and value profile information to drive a program analysis based on a (dynamic compilation) cost/ (dynamically generated code) benefit model to choose runtime constants and DyC's specialization policies. Although only a subset of Calpa's eventual capabilities has been implemented, for the programs tested so far, it generates annotations of the same or better quality as those found by a human, but in a fraction of the time. The result was equal or better program speedups from dynamic compilation. 1. Introduction Dynamic compilation 1 transforms programs at run time, using information available only at run time, to optimize them more fully than statically compiled code. Dynamic compilers usually base their optimizations on runtime-computed values of particular variables and data structures (called runtime constants). Since dynamic compilation involves additional overheads during program execution that statically compiled programs don't incur, in order for the dynamically generated code to execute faster, the values of the runtime constants must remain invariant or quasi-invariant, and the code that uses them must be executed frequently. Today's dynamic compilation systems choose runtime constants manually. In the best cases, programmers profile their code to determine changes in variable values and execution-time frequencies of basic blocks or procedures; in other cases they rely on their knowledge of how an application works to pick the runtime constants. Once chosen, the variables are usually made known to the dynamic compilation system through user annotations that trigger the value-specific analyses and transformations. are all dynamic compilation systems that rely on programmer hints, e.g., annotations, to drive their dynamic optimizations. To runtime optimize a procedure in Tempo or Fabius, the user annotates its runtime-constant arguments by marking them as " static ". DyC provides finer-grained dynamic optimization, by allowing users to annotate individual variables at arbitrary points within a procedure; the variables will be treated as runtime constants up to the end of their procedure, or until another annotation returns them to a dynamic status. DyC also has a set of policy annotations to regulate …
Design for Reliability Based Methodology for Automotive Gearbox Load Capacity Identification

Robust and Axiomatic design, a property-based approach in design, is applied and integrated into a new methodology for developing Functional Requirements (FR) or Design Parameters (DP). The reliability of the design structure and the elementary reliability of the design components are used as a functional requirement of the automotive gearbox, in relation to the service life and operation conditions, and also as a design constraint in analytical relationships. For this purpose, elementary reliability and allowable stress are defined in a specific way. The automotive gearbox, operating under varying and random operation conditions, is used as a case study. The same design structure has to operate under different operation conditions. In these circumstances, the carrying capacity as a functional requirement is related to the operation conditions and operation regime. The model presented in this paper, as well as a computer program, enable identification of this carrying capacity. This paper discusses an interdisciplinary and multi-methodological integrated approach to the presented task. Experimental data regarding the failure probability of gearbox components and the probability of operation conditions processing, the decomposition of gearbox structure, and the elementary reliability treatment as a component of design property are only some of the methods applied.
Aberrant function and structure of retinal ribbon synapses in the absence of complexin 3 and complexin 4

Complexins regulate the speed and Ca2+ sensitivity of SNARE-mediated synaptic vesicle fusion at conventional synapses. Two of the vertebrate complexins, Cplx3 and Cplx4, are specifically localized to retinal ribbon synapses. To test whether Cplx3 and Cplx4 contribute to the highly efficient transmitter release at ribbon synapses, we studied retina function and structure in Cplx3 and Cplx4 single- and double-knockout mice. Electroretinographic recordings from single and double mutants revealed a cooperative perturbing effect of Cplx3 and Cplx4 deletion on the b-wave amplitude, whereas most other detected effects in both plexiform synaptic layers were additive. Light and electron microscopic analyses uncovered a disorganized outer plexiform layer in the retinae of mice lacking Cplx3 and Cplx4, with a significant proportion of photoreceptor terminals containing spherical free-floating ribbons. These structural and functional aberrations were accompanied by behavioural deficits indicative of a vision deficit. Our results show that Cplx3 and Cplx4 are essential regulators of transmitter release at retinal ribbon synapses. Their loss leads to aberrant adjustment and fine-tuning of transmitter release at the photoreceptor ribbon synapse, alterations in transmission at bipolar cell terminals, changes in the temporal structure of synaptic processing in the inner plexiform layer of the retina and perturbed vision.
Modeling of movement control architectures based on motion primitives using domain-specific languages

This paper introduces a model-driven approach for engineering complex movement control architectures based on motion primitives, which in recent years have been a central development towards adaptive and flexible control of complex and compliant robots. We consider rich motor skills realized through the composition of motion primitives as our domain. In this domain we analyze the control architectures of representative example systems to identify common abstractions. It turns out that the introduced notion of motion primitives implemented as dynamical systems with machine learning capabilities, provide the computational building block for a large class of such control architectures. Building on the identified concepts, we introduce domain-specific languages that allow the compact specification of movement control architectures based on motion primitives and their coordination respectively. Using a proper tool chain, we show how to employ this model-driven approach in a case study for the real world example of automatic laundry grasping with the KUKA LWR-IV, where executable source-code is automatically generated from the domain-specific language specification.
The racialization of electoral fairness in the 2008 and 2012 United States presidential elections

President Obama’s historic status as the nation’s first African American president has led to a “spillover” of racialization in the form of a strengthened relationship between racial attitudes and beliefs and judgments about policies he is associated with. We argue that even basic perceptions of the fairness of the presidential election became racialized in 2008 and 2012. Consistent with this, data from two national surveys revealed that Whites high in racial resentment and racial-stereotype endorsement were less likely to believe the 2008 and 2012 elections were conducted fairly, especially among those for whom the election result was unwelcome, that is, Republicans and conservatives. We find that this result is specific to years that Obama was on the ballot, suggesting a unique role for Obama’s candidacy in boosting the impact of racial attitudes and beliefs.
The Genetic Basis of Escherichia coli Pathoadaptation to Macrophages

Antagonistic interactions are likely important driving forces of the evolutionary process underlying bacterial genome complexity and diversity. We hypothesized that the ability of evolved bacteria to escape specific components of host innate immunity, such as phagocytosis and killing by macrophages (MΦ), is a critical trait relevant in the acquisition of bacterial virulence. Here, we used a combination of experimental evolution, phenotypic characterization, genome sequencing and mathematical modeling to address how fast, and through how many adaptive steps, a commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) acquire this virulence trait. We show that when maintained in vitro under the selective pressure of host MΦ commensal E. coli can evolve, in less than 500 generations, virulent clones that escape phagocytosis and MΦ killing in vitro, while increasing their pathogenicity in vivo, as assessed in mice. This pathoadaptive process is driven by a mechanism involving the insertion of a single transposable element into the promoter region of the E. coli yrfF gene. Moreover, transposition of the IS186 element into the promoter of Lon gene, encoding an ATP-dependent serine protease, is likely to accelerate this pathoadaptive process. Competition between clones carrying distinct beneficial mutations dominates the dynamics of the pathoadaptive process, as suggested from a mathematical model, which reproduces the observed experimental dynamics of E. coli evolution towards virulence. In conclusion, we reveal a molecular mechanism explaining how a specific component of host innate immunity can modulate microbial evolution towards pathogenicity.
Textbook of Work Physiology: Physiological Bases of Exercise

Thank you for downloading textbook of work physiology physiological bases of exercise. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this textbook of work physiology physiological bases of exercise, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer.
An Efficient Ant Colony System Based on Receding Horizon Control for the Aircraft Arrival Sequencing and Scheduling Problem

The aircraft arrival sequencing and scheduling (ASS) problem is a salient problem in air traffic control (ATC), which proves to be nondeterministic polynomial (NP) hard. This paper formulates the ASS problem in the form of a permutation problem and proposes a new solution framework that makes the first attempt at using an ant colony system (ACS) algorithm based on the receding horizon control (RHC) to solve it. The resultant RHC-improved ACS algorithm for the ASS problem (termed the RHC-ACS-ASS algorithm) is robust, effective, and efficient, not only due to that the ACS algorithm has a strong global search ability and has been proven to be suitable for these kinds of NP-hard problems but also due to that the RHC technique can divide the problem with receding time windows to reduce the computational burden and enhance the solution's quality. The RHC-ACS-ASS algorithm is extensively tested on the cases from the literatures and the cases randomly generated. Comprehensive investigations are also made for the evaluation of the influences of ACS and RHC parameters on the performance of the algorithm. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is further enhanced by using a two-opt exchange heuristic local search. Experimental results verify that the proposed RHC-ACS-ASS algorithm generally outperforms ordinary ACS without using the RHC technique and genetic algorithms (GAs) in solving the ASS problems and offers high robustness, effectiveness, and efficiency.
Finding Relevant Concepts for Unknown Terms Using a Web-based Approach

Previous research on automatic thesaurus construction most focused on extracting relevant terms for each term of concern from a small-scale and domain-specific corpus. This study emphasizes on utilizing the Web as the rich and dynamic corpus source for term association estimation. In addition to extracting relevant terms, we are interested in finding concept-level information for each term of concern. For a single term, our idea is that to send it into Web search engines to retrieve its relevant documents and we propose a Greedy-EMbased document clustering algorithm to cluster them and determine an appropriate number of relevant concepts for the term. Then the keywords with the highest weighted log likelihood ratio in each cluster are treated as the label(s) of the associated concept cluster for the term of concern. With some initial experiments, the proposed approach has been shown its potential in finding relevant concepts for unknown terms.