Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of phosphorus and zinc nutrition on soybean seed phytic Acid and zinc.

The relationships between nutrient P and Zn levels and the phytic acid, P, and Zn concentrations in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr. cv ;Williams 79') seed were studied. Phytic acid increased linearly from 4.2 to 19.2 milligrams per gram as nutrient P treatment was varied from 2.0 to 50 milligrams per liter and Zn was held constant at 0.05 milligrams per liter. Leaf P concentration during seed development was found to be closely related to the concentrations of seed P and phytic acid. Leaf and seed Zn concentrations both responded positively to increasing nutrient Zn treatment. The effects of P treatment on plant and seed P and phytic acid were largely independent of the effects of Zn treatment on leaf and seed Zn. Phytic acid to Zn molar ratios ranging from 3.6 to 33.8 were observed.The effects of nutrient P treatments on the concentrations of phytic acid, seed P, and leaf P were also studied in the P-sensitive (gene np) cultivars ;Harosoy' and ;Clark' and their respective P-tolerant (gene Np) near-isogenic lines L66-704 and L63-1677. In general, the positive relationships observed among nutrient P, leaf P, seed P, and phytic acid concentrations were similar to those observed in the studies with Williams 79. When fertilized with low or moderate nutrient P (2.5 and 25.0 milligrams P per liter, respectively) no significant differences in any parameter were observed between Harosoy or Clark and their respective P-tolerant isolines. When fertilized with high nutrient P (100 milligrams P per liter), Harosoy seed had a significantly higher concentration of phytic acid (30 milligrams per gram) than did seed of its P-tolerant near-isogenic line L66-704 (24.2 milligrams per gram phytic acid), whereas no significant difference was observed between Clark and its P-tolerant near-isogenic line L63-1677 (22.8 and 21.6 milligrams per gram, respectively). Variation in the phytic acid concentrations in the mature seed of the cultivars and isolines more closely paralleled leaf P concentrations observed during seed development (49 days after flowering), than those observed at the onset of seed development (14 days after flowering). Electrophoresis and ion-exchange chromatography revealed that partially phosphorylated intermediates do not appear when phytic acid accumulation is greatly reduced by limiting the nutrient P or when accumulation is greatly accelerated by excess P.
Dynamic facial expressions are processed holistically, but not more holistically than static facial expressions

There is evidence that facial expressions are perceived holistically and featurally. The composite task is a direct measure of holistic processing (although the absence of a composite effect implies the use of other types of processing). Most composite task studies have used static images, despite the fact that movement is an important aspect of facial expressions and there is some evidence that movement may facilitate recognition. We created static and dynamic composites, in which emotions were reliably identified from each half of the face. The magnitude of the composite effect was similar for static and dynamic expressions identified from the top half (anger, sadness and surprise) but was reduced in dynamic as compared to static expressions identified from the bottom half (fear, disgust and joy). Thus, any advantage in recognising dynamic over static expressions is not likely to stem from enhanced holistic processing, rather motion may emphasise or disambiguate diagnostic featural information.
The Value of Marketing Crowdsourced New Products as Such: Evidence from Two Randomized Field Experiments

To complement their in-house, designer-driven efforts, companies are increasingly experimenting with crowdsourcing initiatives in which they invite their user communities to generate new product ideas. Although innovation scholars have begun to analyze the objective promise of crowdsourcing, the current research is unique in pointing out that merely marketing the source of design to customers might bring about an incremental increase in product sales. The findings from two randomized field experiments reveal that labeling crowdsourced new products as such—that is, marketing the product as “customer-ideated” at the point of purchase versus not mentioning the specific source of design—increased the product's actual market performance by up to 20%. Two controlled follow-up studies reveal that the effect observed in two distinct consumer goods domains (food and electronics) can be attributed to a quality inference: consumers perceive “customer-ideated” products to be based on ideas that address their needs more effectively, and the corresponding design mode is considered superior in generating promising new products.
What makes a reach movement effortful? Physical effort discounting supports common minimization principles in decision making and motor control

When deciding between alternative options, a rational agent chooses on the basis of the desirability of each outcome, including associated costs. As different options typically result in different actions, the effort associated with each action is an essential cost parameter. How do humans discount physical effort when deciding between movements? We used an action-selection task to characterize how subjective effort depends on the parameters of arm transport movements and controlled for potential confounding factors such as delay discounting and performance. First, by repeatedly asking subjects to choose between 2 arm movements of different amplitudes or durations, performed against different levels of force, we identified parameter combinations that subjects experienced as identical in effort (isoeffort curves). Movements with a long duration were judged more effortful than short-duration movements against the same force, while movement amplitudes did not influence effort. Biomechanics of the movements also affected effort, as movements towards the body midline were preferred to movements away from it. Second, by introducing movement repetitions, we further determined that the cost function for choosing between effortful movements had a quadratic relationship with force, while choices were made on the basis of the logarithm of these costs. Our results show that effort-based action selection during reaching cannot easily be explained by metabolic costs. Instead, force-loaded reaches, a widely occurring natural behavior, imposed an effort cost for decision making similar to cost functions in motor control. Our results thereby support the idea that motor control and economic choice are governed by partly overlapping optimization principles.
A “New and Improved” Curriculum: Process and Outcomes

This paper summarizes one business college's efforts to substantially revise its core business curriculum. To give some sense of the progress of this revision effort, the discussion is organized using the new product development process. The process’ final result is a new core curriculum that emphasizes the integration of all business disciplines. The paper describes how changes were developed, tested, and finally implemented. Baseline measures for curriculum evaluation are briefly discussed, though the final success of the new curriculum will only be known after a longitudinal analysis of the data in subsequent years.
The Corporate Governance of Agencies in Ireland : Non-commercial National Agencies

Internationally ‘agencies’1 have gained increasing importance as organisations which carry out public governance functions. This has led to the consideration of the extent to which agency numbers have grown in Ireland. What is their importance? And how are they governed? This report provides a comprehensive description of agencies in Ireland. It outlines their current numbers, and looks at their role, function, corporate governance and accountability relationships.
Commentary: hormone replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: four lessons.

In 1991, Stampfer and Colditz, 1 reviewing epidemiological studies of the effect of postmenopausal oestrogen on coronary heart disease concluded that: ‘… the bulk of evidence strongly supports a protective effect of estrogens that is unlikely to be explained by confounding factors …’ Their best estimate of the relative risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in postmenopausal oestrogen users was calculated using meta-analytical techniques applied to the epidemiological studies they deemed to be of high quality based on their designs—prospective studies with internal controls and angiographic studies. This estimate was 0.50. The CI was narrow � 0.43 to 0.56.
Energy efficient scheduling of MapReduce workloads on heterogeneous clusters

Energy efficiency has become the center of attention in emerging data center infrastructures as increasing energy costs continue to outgrow all other operating expenditures. In this work we investigate energy aware scheduling heuristics to increase the energy efficiency of MapReduce workloads on heterogeneous Hadoop clusters comprising both low power (wimpy) and high performance (brawny) nodes. We first make a case for heterogeneity by showing that low power Intel Atom processors and high performance Intel Sandy Bridge processors are more energy efficient for I/O bound workloads and CPU bound workloads, respectively. Then we present several energy efficient scheduling heuristics that exploit this heterogeneity and real-time power measurements enabled by modern processor architectures. Through experiments on a 23-node heterogeneous Hadoop cluster we demonstrate up to 27% better energy efficiency with our heuristics compared with the default Hadoop scheduler.
Appendix for POVERTY AND SELF-CONTROL

This Appendix provides supplementary material to accompany the main text. Section A discusses the psychological foundations for our approach. Section B provides full arguments for all the results in the main text concerning history-dependent equilibria; essentially, up to and including Proposition 4. Section C proves our assertions for the simplified model of Section 5.4 in the paper, and provides associated computational results. Section D provides detailed arguments for results involving Markov perfect equilibria. Section E describes the algorithm for computing subgame-perfect equilibrium values, and the parameter choices for the examples in the main text. Section F provides computed examples with and without poverty traps. Section G shows that a poverty trap is present even when a MPE is used as punishment. Finally, Section H presents the details of the model with taste shocks and lockbox saving regimes. Referenced equations that appear in this Appendix are labeled as (a.1), (a.2), etc. Other equation references are to equations in the main text.
A Theoretical Analysis of Factors Influencing Students Decision to Use Learning Technologies in the Context of Institutions of Higher Education

This paper studies factors influencing student’s decision to use technology to support their learning. The paper describes all those technological options available for students to support learning such as emails, chat rooms, video lectures, blackboard discussions and Power Point Presentations, for example. Then, the paper explains in detail student factors influencing the decision of students whether to use or not to use learning technologies for learning purposes. The paper findings suggest that the factors under study do influence students´ decisions to opt for technology support and means to learn at school. Overall, the pros are much stronger than cons of using technology for learning purposes and that there are certain strategic actions an educational institution can undertake to influence students´ decisions to use all the technological advances and options available for them at school.
The Study of Relationship among Experiential Marketing, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Loyalty

Experiential marketing is one of the marketing approaches that gives a great framework to combine experience and entertainment elements into a product or service. Some of businesses in Indonesia have already used this approach and one of them is Strawberry Cafe which provides many kinds of free board games for the customer. The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of experiential marketing used by Strawberry Cafe related to customer satisfaction and loyalty. The data were collected from 142 respondents but after screening, only 80 that met the requirements and could be analyzed. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using LISREL software was used to analyze the data. This research found that it experiential marketing used by Strawberry Cafe can affect customer loyalty. Keywords: Experiential Marketing, loyalty, customer satisfaction, service quality
Crystal structure of Homo sapiens thialysine Nϵ‐acetyltransferase (HsSSAT2) in complex with acetyl coenzyme A

Introduction. HsSSAT1 is an important enzyme that converts polyamines such as spermidine or spermine into acetylpolyamines. Because polyamines are major regulators of cell growth and differentiation, HsSSAT1 has been considered as a target for cancer treatment. Gene locus BC011751 from Homo sapiens has been annotated as HsSSAT2 because of its high sequence identity (46%) and similarity (61%) to HsSSAT1. Recent biochemical studies showed that HsSSAT2 does not transfer acetyl group of AcCoA to polyamines, such as spermidine or spermine, but rather thialysine [2-amino-3(2-aminoethylsulfanyl)propanoic acid] which is a much better substrate of this enzyme. However, the physiological role of HsSSAT2 is still unclear. Thialysine is a structural analog of L-lysine, and has its role as an antimetabolite by competing with L-lysine for the incorporation into polypeptides, which makes proteins inactive. Therefore, high thialysine to lysine ratios block the growth of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In addition to the antimetabolite function, metabolites formed from thialysine have been characterized and identified in mammalian tissues including brain. Thialysine can be further converted to the cyclic ketimine, AECK, TMA, and AECK-DD. The functions of AECK, TMA, and AECK-DD in the cell are not clear. However, it has been proposed that AECK and TMA serve neurochemical roles, and AECK-DD has a role in the modulation of oxidative processes in vivo. Herein, we report the three-dimensional structure of HsSSAT2 in complex with AcCoA at a resolution of 1.8 Å.
Articulation Time Does Not Affect Speeded Cognitive Performance in Multiple Sclerosis

Objective and Background: Cognitive test performance by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) may be biased because of MS-related speech problems. The purpose of this study was to compare articulation and pause durations between individuals with MS and controls on cognitive tests requiring an oral response. Method: As part of a neuropsychological assessment, 41 patients with MS and 23 controls completed oral forms of 2 timed cognitive tests that are commonly used in MS. Acoustic analysis software segmented oral test responses into “articulation” and “pause” time durations. Results: Overall cognitive test performance by the patients with MS was significantly associated with average pause duration, but not average articulation duration. Articulation time did not contribute to or confound the outcome of either test. Conclusions: Articulation time did not contribute to differences in test performance between patients with MS and controls; rather, the time spent in silence between responses (pause time) largely accounted for group differences. Future research could use the methods described here to study speech characteristics during cognitive tests that require oral responses for patients with known speech impairments and more progressive forms of MS.
Behavior of the Linea Alba During a Curl-up Task in Diastasis Rectus Abdominis: An Observational Study.

Study Design Cross-sectional repeated measures. Background Rehabilitation of diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) generally aims to reduce the inter-rectus distance (IRD). We tested the hypothesis that activation of the transversus abdominis (TrA) before a curl-up would reduce IRD narrowing, with less linea alba (LA) distortion/deformation, which may allow better force transfer between sides of the abdominal wall. Objectives This study investigated behavior of the LA and IRD during curl-ups performed naturally and with preactivation of the TrA. Methods Curl-ups were performed by 26 women with DRA and 17 healthy control participants using a natural strategy (automatic curl-up) and with TrA preactivation (TrA curl-up). Ultrasound images were recorded at 2 points above the umbilicus (U point and UX point). Ultrasound measures of IRD and a novel measure of LA distortion (distortion index: average deviation of the LA from the shortest path between the recti) were compared between 3 tasks (rest, automatic curl-up, TrA curl-up), between groups, and between measurement points (analysis of variance). Results Automatic curl-up by women with DRA narrowed the IRD from resting values (mean U-point between-task difference, -1.19 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.45, -0.93; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, -0.51 cm; 95% CI: -0.69, -0.34; P<.001), but LA distortion increased (mean U-point between-task difference, 0.018; 95% CI: 0.0003, 0.041; P = .046 and mean UX-point between-task difference, 0.025; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.045; P = .02). Although TrA curl-up induced no narrowing or less IRD narrowing than automatic curl-up (mean U-point difference between TrA curl-up versus rest, -0.56 cm; 95% CI: -0.82, -0.31; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, 0.02 cm; 95% CI: -0.22, 0.19; P = .86), LA distortion was less (mean U-point between-task difference, -0.025; 95% CI: -0.037, -0.012; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, -0.021; 95% CI: -0.038, -0.005; P = .01). Inter-rectus distance and the distortion index did not change from rest or differ between tasks for controls (P≥.55). Conclusion Narrowing of the IRD during automatic curl-up in DRA distorts the LA. The distortion index requires further validation, but findings imply that less IRD narrowing with TrA preactivation might improve force transfer between sides of the abdomen. The clinical implication is that reduced IRD narrowing by TrA contraction, which has been discouraged, may positively impact abdominal mechanics. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(7):580-589. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016. 6536.
Laparoscopic Removal of a Perforated Intrauterine Device from the Perirectal Fat

Background: The intrauterine device (IUD) was a very common form of birth control in the United States. The most serious potential complication of IUD use is uterine perforation. Uterine perforation is common among women with “lost” IUDs and can cause severe morbidity and mortality and should be carefully managed. The recommended treatment is removal of the perforating IUD. This can usually be managed laparoscopically unless bowel perforation or other severe sepsis is present. Methods: An intra-abdominal IUD was removed laparoscopically from the perirectal fat of a 49-year-old women who had been diagnosed over 20 years earlier with an “expelled” IUD. Conclusions: It is important that the possibility of uterine perforation be considered in anyone who has had a diagnosis of an expelled IUD without actual confirmation that the IUD is no longer present in the body. In any woman who presents with pelvic pain and a history of a “lost” IUD, the surgeon should have a high index of suspicion and obtain radiological studies. It may be advisable to question women about possible IUD use when they present with pelvic pain of unknown origin.
Identification of a putative RNA helicase in E.coli.

The human p68 protein, an SV40 large T related antigen, is an RNA dependent ATPase and RNA helicase. It belongs to a new large and highly conserved gene family, the DEAD box proteins, whose members are involved in a variety of processes requiring manipulation of RNA secondary structure such as translation and splicing. Multiple DEAD box genes are present in S.cerevisiae, but only one has previously been described in E.coli. Low stringency screening of an E.coli genomic library with a p68 cDNA probe led to the identification of dbpA, a new E.coli DEAD box gene located at 29.6 minutes on the W3110 chromosome. We report here the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the gene. We have overexpressed dbpA from its own promoter on a high copy number plasmid and identified the gene product as a approximately 50 kD protein by immunoblotting with an anti-DEAD antibody.
Increase in end-systolic volume after exercise independently predicts mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study.

AIMS The predictive value of changes in global left ventricular (LV) size after exercise has not been studied. Left ventricular end-systolic volume (ESV) is a relatively load-independent echocardiographic marker of contractility that is easily measured. We investigated the role of the change in ESV at rest and after peak exercise on mortality among patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS AND RESULTS We performed exercise treadmill testing with stress echocardiography in 934 ambulatory subjects with CHD. End-systolic volume was measured immediately before and after exercise using 2D echocardiography. We defined ESV reversal as an increase in ESV after exercise, and we examined the association of ESV reversal with all-cause mortality during a median follow-up of 3.92 years. Of the 934 participants, 199 (21%) had ESV reversal. At the end of follow-up, mortality was higher among participants with ESV reversal than those without (26 vs. 11%; P < 0.001). After adjustment for clinical covariates, ESV reversal remained predictive of all-cause mortality (HR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4-2.9; P = 0.001). The association of ESV reversal with mortality also persisted after adjustment for exercise-induced wall-motion abnormalities (HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1-2.3, P = 0.006). To determine if the effect of ESV reversal was independent from other echocardiographic measurements, we created a separate model adjusting for resting LV ejection fraction, ESV, end-diastolic volume, and LV mass. End-systolic volume reversal was the only significant predictor of mortality in this model (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.0, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION End-systolic volume reversal is a novel parameter that independently predicts mortality in patients with CHD undergoing exercise treadmill echocardiography, even after adjustment for a wide range of clinical, echocardiographic, and treadmill exercise variables. Because measurement of ESV is simple, reproducible, and requires no additional imaging views, identification of ESV reversal during exercise echocardiography can provide useful complementary information for risk stratification.
Deconstructing Retail Service Quality in India

The service quality is not universal. It is a context-specific phenomenon. This study sought to identify and deconstruct the service quality in the Indian modern retail context. The retail service quality dimensions were explored and identified and thereafter they were empirically validated through confirmatory analysis. A multistage process was adopted in pursuance of objectives. First, the underlying factor structure of retail service quality was identified by literature review, customer opinion survey, expert evaluation and factor analysis. It was followed by model development for service quality which is subjected to empirical testing. The data is analyzed using AMOS (v.20) by which validity and reliability of the service quality measure is established. The hypothesis that retail service quality is a multidimensional construct was supported by data analysis. The service quality instrument was later empirically verified and confirmed with the help of structural equation modelling.