Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Agreement and Phonetic Overlap Shape Sublexical Identification

The mapping between the physical speech signal and our internal representations is rarely straightforward. When faced with uncertainty, higher-order information is used to parse the signal and because of this, the lexicon and some aspects of sentential context have been shown to modulate the identification of ambiguous phonetic segments. Here, using a phoneme identification task (i.e., participants judged whether they heard [o] or [a] at the end of an adjective in a noun–adjective sequence), we asked whether grammatical gender cues influence phonetic identification and if this influence is shaped by the phonetic properties of the agreeing elements. In three experiments, we show that phrase-level gender agreement in Spanish affects the identification of ambiguous adjective-final vowels. Moreover, this effect is strongest when the phonetic characteristics of the element triggering agreement and the phonetic form of the agreeing element are identical. Our data are consistent with models wherein listeners generate specific predictions based on the interplay of underlying morphosyntactic knowledge and surface phonetic cues.
Ex vivo multiplex profiling of protein tyrosine kinase activities in early stages of human lung adenocarcinoma

Despite constant improvement in existing therapeutic efforts, the overall survival rate of lung cancer patients remains low. Enzyme activities may identify new therapeutically targetable biomarkers and overcome the marked lack of correlation between cellular abundance of translated proteins and corresponding mRNA expression levels. We analysed tyrosine kinase activities to classify lung adenocarcinoma (LuAdCa) resection specimens based on their underlying changes in cellular processes and pathways that are agents of or result from malignant transformation. We characterised 71 same-patient pairs of early-stage LuAdCa and non-neoplastic LuAdCa resection specimen lysates in the presence or absence of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We performed ex vivo multiplex tyrosine phosphorylation assays using 144 selected microarrayed kinase substrates. The obtained 76 selected phosphotyrosine signature peptides were subsequently analysed in terms of follow-up treatments and outcomes recorded in the patient files. For tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) stage 1 LuAdCa patients, we noticed a larger tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced decrease in tyrosine phosphorylation for long-term as opposed to short-term disease survivors, for which 26 of 76 selected peptides were significantly (p < 0.01, FDR < 3%) more inhibited in the long-term survivors. Using statistical class prediction analysis, we obtained a 'prognostic-signature' for long- versus short-term disease survivors and correctly predicted the survival status of 73% of our patients. Our translational approach may assist clinical disease management after surgical resection and may help to direct patients for an optimal treatment strategy.
Factor Analysis and Validation of the General Health Questionnaire in Men: a General Practice Survey

Summary As part of a survey of 1011 men aged 20–60 years, a factor analysis and validation study of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was carried out. Three clinically relevant factors could be isolated but factor analysis did not generally enhance the value of the GHQ. When compared with results for a similar group of women, sex differences in answering the GHQ were found; the GHQ was perhaps a less satisfactory screening instrument in the men.
SocialAttributesofRoboticProducts:Observations of Child-Robot Interactions in a School Environment

With advances in robot technology and their increased application within commercial products, the demand for novel designs, including appearance and interaction design, is increasing in robot research. This paper focuses on the actual interactions of robotic products. Considering their significant cognitive-psychological influence and ability to collaborate intellectually with users, robotic products can be successfully designed if designers fully utilize their interactive attributes. For this purpose, a robot named ‘Tiro’ was designed and used in a real-life elementary school environment; next, the Wizard of Oz technique and video-ethnography were utilized to empirically investigate user-robot interactions. From this, sharp changes were identified in child-robot interactions despite the relatively short time frame of the study. In the earlier stages, the interactions were mostly related to the robot exterior and movement and other characteristics of the robot itself, while more interaction patterns related to its social attributes—giving of meaning, emotional expressions and relationship forming—were observed in later stages. Such dynamic changes in the patterns of child-robot interactions demonstrate the importance of social attributes among the various distinctive attributes of robots; they also suggest the possibility of social attributes as a clue towards resolving issues concerning robots and other intelligent products (e.g., short lifetime and long-term interactions).
Expansion of social connectivity: A concept of big data analysis and genetic algorithm modeling

Data gathered from any social networking sites help in acquiring knowledge on a particular field or area. Here the paper focuses on two attributes from big data that is volume and variety which is implemented on ResearchGate dataset. Increase in collaboration through the interdisciplinary field work, checking one's own status and hence making a position to survive in the research world are the major activities that are analyzed by graph theory and simulated through Genetic Algorithm.
Intravenous Chemotherapy Compounding Errors in a Follow-Up Pan-Canadian Observational Study

Purpose: Intravenous (IV) compounding safety has garnered recent attention as a result of high-profile incidents, awareness efforts from the safety community, and increasingly stringent practice standards. New research with more-sensitive error detection techniques continues to reinforce that error rates with manual IV compounding are unacceptably high. In 2014, our team published an observational study that described three types of previously unrecognized and potentially catastrophic latent chemotherapy preparation errors in Canadian oncology pharmacies that would otherwise be undetectable. We expand on this research and explore whether additional potential human failures are yet to be addressed by practice standards. Methods: Field observations were conducted in four cancer center pharmacies in four Canadian provinces from January 2013 to February 2015. Human factors specialists observed and interviewed pharmacy managers, oncology pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and pharmacy assistants as they carried out their work. Emphasis was on latent errors (potential human failures) that could lead to outcomes such as wrong drug, dose, or diluent. Results: Given the relatively short observational period, no active failures or actual errors were observed. However, 11 latent errors in chemotherapy compounding were identified. In terms of severity, all 11 errors create the potential for a patient to receive the wrong drug or dose, which in the context of cancer care, could lead to death or permanent loss of function. Three of the 11 practices were observed in our previous study, but eight were new. Applicable Canadian and international standards and guidelines do not explicitly address many of the potentially error-prone practices observed. Conclusion: We observed a significant degree of risk for error in manual mixing practice. These latent errors may exist in other regions where manual compounding of IV chemotherapy takes place. Continued efforts to advance standards, guidelines, technological innovation, and chemical quality testing are needed.
Methodical Aspects of Determination of Parameters Which Characterize Thermal Balance of a Plastic Tunnel

Abstract The paper presents methodology of measuring the values which characterize the thermal balance in a horticultural facility. Thermal transmittance through a plastic tunnel cover and the ratio of solar radiation energy conversion into heat were analysed in detail. The research was carried out in real time with closed ventilators, where no plants were cultivated during the tests. The utility surface area was 144 m2, the cover was 289 m2 and its volume was 508 m3. Basing on the standard relations, first of all, thermal transmittance through a cover was measured. The ratio was measured with the use of standard criteria equations. Then, a correlation equation, which makes its course dependent on the climate parameters (the wind speed and temperature difference between the interior of the facility and its surroundings), was found. Knowing the course of the ratio in the function of the climate parameters, the value of the ratio of solar radiation conversion into heat stored in the facility was measured. Both parameters (thermal transmittance and solar radiation conversion ratios) were calculated from the thermal balance equaition where the change of the energy stored inside the facility was compared to the heat losses through a cover (for thenual transmittance) and the profit (in case of solar radiation conversion). For the obtained values, using the non-linear estimation procedure (with quasi-Newtom method with maintenance of the correlation coefficient of 0.001) the change of both ratios in the function of easily measured parameters of climate inside and outside the facility was found out. In the investigated conditions, the average value of thermal transmittance through a cover was 5.32 W·m−2·K−1, and the solar radiation conversion into heat was 0.36. The values and their course from the climate parameters inside and outside the facility may be used for controlling the amount of supplied heat and location of ventilators.
Polymer-ceramic-composites for 3D inkjet printing

Im Rahmen des EU-finanzierten Projektes Digital Materials For 3D Printing (DIMAP) wurden keramisch gefullte Ac-rylat-Tinten fur den 3D-Inkjet-Druck von Bauteilen mit hoher mechanischer Stabilitat hergestellt. Dabei wurde Ethylen Glykol Dimethacrylat (EGDMA) als Matrix Material verwendet. Des Weiteren wurden Al2O3-Fullstoffe mit einem mitt-leren Partikeldurchmesser von 13 nm und 35 nm eingesetzt, sowie ZrO2-Pulver mit einem mittleren Partikeldurchmesser von 15 nm. Die Stabilisierung der Keramik wurde mit 2-[2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-essigsaure (TODA) durchgefuhrt. Fur die Homogenisierung und Zerkleinerung wurde eine Planetenkugelmuhle verwendet. Die resultierenden Suspensio-nen wurde rheologisch charakterisiert, thermogravimetrisch analysiert und die Partikelgrosenverteilung bestimmt. Vor-laufige Inkjet-Drucktests haben gezeigt, dass die neu formulierten Tinten druckbar sind.
A hybrid CHB multilevel inverter with supercapacitor energy storage for grid-connected photovoltaic systems

This paper presents a single-phase cascaded H-bridge multilevel photovoltaic inverter containing a special supercapacitor cell. The cascaded H-bridge multilevel topology enables independent DC voltage control for each PV panel or string to meet the requirements of distributed maximum power point tracking, which reduces the efficiency loss caused by panel mismatch and unequal sheltering. But as the total power of distributed grid-connected photovoltaic inverter increases, the power fluctuation brought by those photovoltaic systems will become serious and even affect the stability of the grid. To alleviate this problem, a supercapacitor cell is added to the inverter. It not only smooths the PV inverter's output power fluctuation, but also increases the inverter's output level. For the coordination of these two kinds of cells, a control strategy is proposed, in which all cascaded PV cells only output active power, and the supercapacitor cell undertakes the reactive active power and compensates the active power fluctuations. Experimental results are presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach. The fluctuations in the output power are effectively smoothed, and the inverter gets unity power factor.
Spectral–Spatial HyperspectralImage Classification With K-Nearest Neighbor and Guided Filter

Explosive growth of applications in hyperspectral image (HSI) has made HSI classification a hot topic in the remote sensing community. The key to improve classification accuracy is how to make full use of the spectral and spatial information. We combine k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm with guided filter which can extract spatial context information and denoise the classification results by edge-preserving filtering. To solve the problem of dimension disaster, we also take dimensionality reduction into account for HSI classification. To verify the feasibility of our proposed methods, we evaluate the performance over four widely used hyperspectral data sets. The experimental results show that with only 5% of samples, our method obtained better performance than improved support vector machine and KNN methods.
A low-cost, high-coverage legal named entity recognizer, classifier and linker

In this paper we try to improve Information Extraction in legal texts by creating a legal Named Entity Recognizer, Classifier and Linker. With this tool, we can identify relevant parts of texts and connect them to a structured knowledge representation, the LKIF ontology. More interestingly, this tool has been developed with relatively little effort, by mapping the LKIF ontology to the YAGO ontology and through it, taking advantage of the mentions of entities in the Wikipedia. These mentions are used as manually annotated examples to train the Named Entity Recognizer, Classifier and Linker. We have evaluated the approach on holdout texts from the Wikipedia and also on a small sample of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights, resulting in a very good performance, i.e., around 80% F-measure for different levels of granularity. We present an extensive error analysis to direct further developments, and we expect that this approach can be successfully ported to other legal subdomains, represented by different ontologies.
Mechanical and thermal transport properties of monolayer PbI2 via first-principles investigations

ABSTRACT With the synthesis of single-layer lead iodide (PbI2) in the laboratory in recent years, it has been widely used due to its stable structure and suitable bandgap (2.5 eV). We carried out first-principles calculations and a theoretical analysis to investigate the mechanical properties, electronic structure, and thermal transport properties of monolayer PbI2. We computed the elastic constant C11 = 14.69 N m−1, layer modulus = 9.35 N m−1, and Young’s modulus E2D = 13.63 N m−1. Our results indicate that monolayer PbI2 is more flexible than other two-dimensional materials, and it has good ductility. The Poisson’s ratio v of monolayer PbI2 is 0.27, which means that ionic forces play a major role in the interatomic bonding for PbI2 layered by van der Waals forces. We also did first-principles calculations for the lattice thermal transport properties of monolayer PbI2 through the ShengBTE code. The calculated thermal conductivity of monolayer PbI2 at 300 K is 0.66 W/m K, which agrees well with the experimental data of 0.68 W/m K. Furthermore, its thermal conductivity is much lower than that of other two-dimensional materials. We concluded that the acoustic modes of monolayer PbI2 make a major contribution to its thermal conductivity.
Hydrologic Vulnerability of Sagebrush Steppe Following Pinyon and Juniper Encroachment

Abstract Woodland encroachment on United States rangelands has altered the structure and function of shrub steppe ecosystems. The potential community structure is one where trees dominate, shrub and herbaceous species decline, and rock cover and bare soil area increase and become more interconnected. Research from the Desert Southwest United States has demonstrated areas under tree canopies effectively store water and soil resources, whereas areas between canopies (intercanopy) generate significantly more runoff and erosion. We investigated these relationships and the impacts of tree encroachment on runoff and erosion processes at two woodland sites in the Intermountain West, USA. Rainfall simulation and concentrated flow methodologies were employed to measure infiltration, runoff, and erosion from intercanopy and canopy areas at small-plot (0.5 m2) and large-plot (13 m2) scales. Soil water repellency and vegetative and ground cover factors that influence runoff and erosion were quantified. Runoff and erosion from rainsplash, sheet flow, and concentrated flow processes were significantly greater from intercanopy than canopy areas across small- and large-plot scales, and site-specific erodibility differences were observed. Runoff and erosion were primarily dictated by the type and quantity of ground cover. Litter offered protection from rainsplash effects, provided rainfall storage, mitigated soil water repellency impacts on infiltration, and contributed to aggregate stability. Runoff and erosion increased exponentially (r2 = 0.75 and 0.64) where bare soil and rock cover exceeded 50%. Sediment yield was strongly correlated (r2 = 0.87) with runoff and increased linearly where runoff exceeded 20 mm·h−1. Measured runoff and erosion rates suggest tree canopies represent areas of hydrologic stability, whereas intercanopy areas are vulnerable to runoff and erosion. Results indicate the overall hydrologic vulnerability of sagebrush steppe following woodland encroachment depends on the potential influence of tree dominance on bare intercanopy expanse and connectivity and the potential erodibility of intercanopy areas.
Examining Parental Medication Adherence as a Predictor of Child Medication Adherence in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders

Background: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the recommended first-line pharmacotherapy for pediatric anxiety disorders but adherence remains difficult to predict. Objectives: To estimate SSRI adherence in children with anxiety disorders and determine if prior parental medication adherence is predictive of child high SSRI adherence. Methods: We identified children (3–17 y) initiating SSRI treatment after an anxiety disorder diagnosis in a commercial claims database (2005–2014). We evaluated parent SSRI, statin, and antihypertensive adherence [6-mo proportion days covered (PDC), high adherence=PDC≥0.80] in the year before child SSRI initiation. We estimated risk differences (RD) of child high SSRI adherence (6-mo PDC) stratified by parent adherence and multivariable risk ratios using modified Poisson regression. We estimated change in c-statistic and risk reclassification when adding parent-level covariates with child-level covariates to predict child adherence. Results: In 70,979 children with an anxiety disorder (59%=female, 14=median age), the mean 6-month SSRI PDC was 0.72, with variation by anxiety disorder. Overall 64% of children had high adherence if their parent had high SSRI adherence versus 53% of children with parents with low SSRI adherence (RD, 12%; multivariable risk ratios, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–1.20). Findings were similar for parent statin (RD=10%) and antihypertensive adherence (RD=8%) and when stratified by child age and parent sex. There was minor improvement in risk reclassification and the c-statistic after adding parent adherence and parent-level covariates. Conclusions: Parental medication adherence could help providers identify children at risk of nonadherence to inform the treatment decision, reduce unnecessary medication switches, and lead to broader effective interventions.
Comparison of Methods to Reduce Myocardial 18F-FDG Uptake in Mice: Calcium Channel Blockers versus High-Fat Diets

Purpose Besides its application in oncology, 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging is also useful in the diagnosis of certain lung infections, inflammatory diseases, and atherosclerotic plaques. Myocardial uptake of 18F-FDG may hamper visualization of the lesions caused by these diseases. Two approaches have been proposed for reducing myocardial uptake in preclinical studies, namely, calcium channel blockers (verapamil) and high-fat diets such as commercial ketogenic diets and sunflower seed diets. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of these approaches in reducing myocardial uptake of 18F-FDG in mice. Methods We performed two experiments. In experiment A, each animal underwent four 18F-FDG PET/CT scans in the following order: baseline, after administration of verapamil, after two days on ketogenic diet and after two days on sunflower seeds. PET scans were performed 60 minutes after injection of 18.5 MBq of 18F-FDG. In experiment B, the best protocol of the three (ketogenic diet) was evaluated in a lung inflammation model to assess the efficacy of reducing myocardial uptake of 18F-FDG. Results Compared with baseline (SUV 2.03±1.21); the greatest reduction in uptake of 18F-FDG was with ketogenic diet (SUV 0.79±0.16; p = 0.008), followed by sunflower seeds (SUV 0.91±0.13; p = 0.015); the reduction in myocardial uptake produced by verapamil was not statistically significant (SUV 1.78±0.79; p = NS). In experiment B, complete suppression of myocardial uptake noticeably improved the visualization of inflamed areas near the heart, while in the case of null or partial myocardial suppression, it was much harder to distinguish lung inflammation from myocardial spillover. Conclusion A high-fat diet appeared to be the most effective method for decreasing myocardial uptake of 18F-FDG in healthy mice, outperforming verapamil. Our findings also demonstrate that ketogenic diet actually improves visualization of inflammatory lesions near the heart.
Detecting and tracing slow attacks on mobile phone user service

The lower bandwidth of mobile devices has until recently filtered the range of attacks on the Internet. However, recent research shows that DOS and DDOS attacks, worms and viruses, and a whole range of social engineering attacks are impacting on broadband smartphone users. In our research we have developed a metric-based system to detect the traditional slow attacks that can be effective using limited resources, and then employed combinations of Internet trace back techniques to identify sources of attacks. Our research question asked: What defence mechanisms are effective? We critically evaluate the available literature to appraise the current state of the problem area and then propose an innovative solution for the detection and investigation of attacks.
Formation Dynamics of Potassium-Based Graphite Intercalation Compounds: An Ab Initio Study FORMATION DYNAMICS of POTASSIUM-BASED ... XIANKAI JIANG, BO SONG, and DAVID TOMÁNEK

Xiankai Jiang, Bo Song, and David Tománek Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, Terahertz Science Cooperative Innovation Center, School of Optical-Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People’s Republic of China Physics and Astronomy Department, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-2320, USA