Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Selective Use of Specific Exemplars in Second-Language Performance: The Case of The Dative Alternation*

This study examined the selective use of two give structures [NP NP] and [NP PP] in two (translation and judgment) tasks by Japanese college students within a framework of transfer and markedness. The results of the translation task showed that in dealing with prototypical cases of dative give, the students used the two structures with equal frequency, while the [NP PP] was strongly favored with cases deviating from the prototype. In the acceptability-judgment task, we were concerned with the type of constraints on dative alternation. Three constraints were discussed in this paper: discourse, semantic, and perceptual. The students in this study were more sensitive to the perceptual than to the discourse constraint, which was subtler and more opaque than the semantic one from the students' point of view. This study favors a theory of sealer markedness over a theory of binary markedness as far as acceptability judgments about give sentences are concerned.
The Neural Basis of Selective Attention

Selective attention is an intrinsic component of perceptual representation in a visual system that is hierarchically organized. Modulatory signals originate in brain regions that represent behavioral goals; these signals specify which perceptual objects are to be represented by sensory neurons that are subject to contextual modulation. Attention can be deployed to spatial locations, features, or objects, and corresponding modulatory signals must be targeted within these domains. Open questions include how nonspatial perceptual domains are modulated by attention and how abstract goals are transformed into targeted modulatory signals.
Constructing image panoramas using dual-homography warping

This paper describes a method to construct seamless image mosaics of a panoramic scene containing two predominate planes: a distant back plane and a ground plane that sweeps out from the camera's location. While this type of panorama can be stitched when the camera is carefully rotated about its optical center, such ideal scene capture is hard to perform correctly. Existing techniques use a single homography per image to perform alignment followed by seam cutting or image blending to hide inevitable alignments artifacts. In this paper, we demonstrate how to use two homographies per image to produce a more seamless image. Specifically, our approach blends the homographies in the alignment procedure to perform a nonlinear warping. Once the images are geometrically stitched, they are further processed to blend seams and reduce curvilinear visual artifacts due to the nonlinear warping. As demonstrated in our paper, our procedure is able to produce results for this type of scene where current state-of-the-art techniques fail.
Unawareness of deficits after right hemisphere stroke: double‐dissociationsof anosognosias

Objectives– The aim was to study whether anosognosia for hemiparesis, anosognosia for neglect and general unawareness of illness double‐dissociate, indicating that anosognosias are specific and independent impairments of awareness. On the other hand, anosognosias may be associated with one another and with general cognitive dysfunction, which decreases awareness of deficits. The persistence and predictive value of anosognosias was examined during a 1‐year follow‐up. Patients and methods– Fifty‐seven consecutive patients with acute right hemisphere infarction underwent neurological and neuroradiological examinations, neuropsychological testing and an interview 10 days, 3 months and 1 year after onset. Results– Anosognosia for neglect and anosognosia for hemiparesis double‐dissociated, as did unawareness of illness and anosognosia for neglect. Patients showing unawareness of illness or anosognosia for neglect and anosognosia for hemiparesis had poorer orientation and verbal memory than patients who were aware of these defects. Unawareness of illness and anosognosia for hemiparesis disappeared during 3‐month follow‐up. Conclusion– Double‐dissociations demonstrate that anosognosias for different defects are independent and specific impairments of awareness, although general cognitive disorder may also reduce awareness of defects. Unawareness of illness and anosognosia for hemiparesis disappear rapidly and can hardly be direct causes of poor long‐term recovery. However, transient anosognosia may be associated with persistent disorders which result in poor outcome.
A review on protective relays' developments and trends

One of the most complex disciplines in electrical engineering is power system protection which requires not only the proper understanding of the different components of a power system and their behaviours but also a good knowledge and analysis of the abnormal circumstances and failures that can occur in any element of a power system. Moreover, the rapid changing and development in relays principles as well as in their technologies are additional factors that oblige those people working in the field to expand and update continuously their knowledge. In this paper, we shed light in the evolution of protective relays since the onset of electrical energy to currently. We try also to foresee the future prospects and trends in this area.
Tensor Sparse and Low-Rank based Submodule Clustering Method for Multi-way Data

A new submodule clustering method via sparse and low-rank representation for multi-way data is proposed in this paper. Instead of reshaping multi-way data into vectors, this method maintains their natural orders to preserve data intrinsic structures, e.g., image data kept as matrices. To implement clustering, the multi-way data, viewed as tensors, are represented by the proposed tensor sparse and low-rank model to obtain its submodule representation, called a free module, which is finally used for spectral clustering. The proposed method extends the conventional subspace clustering method based on sparse and low-rank representation to multi-way data submodule clustering by combining t-product operator. The new method is tested on several public datasets, including synthetical data, video sequences and toy images. The experiments show that the new method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, such as Sparse Subspace Clustering (SSC), Low-Rank Representation (LRR), Ordered Subspace Clustering (OSC), Robust Latent Low Rank Representation (RobustLatLRR) and Sparse Submodule Clustering method (SSmC).
Muti-Channel Digital LPI Signal Detector

The theory of LPI radar signal interception is introduced and a method using multi-channel digital deramping is discussed in detail for FMCW signals. Many simulation experiments on the method have been done in several possible situations, and on the basis of them, the influences of mismatch factor and unsynchronized phase on the detection performance of the digital LPI radar detector are analyzed. At last, the method of estimating the parameters of LPI signal is summarized. It is demonstrated that the LPI radar signal can be extracted from the noise background by means of digital deramping
Reactive oxygen species mediate angiotensin II‐induced leukocyte‐endothelial cell interactions in vivo

Chronically elevated angiotensin II (Ang‐II)‐induced hypertension is partly mediated by superoxide production. In this study, we have investigated whether the leukocyte‐endothelial cell interactions elicited by Ang‐II involve reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Intravital microscopy within the rat mesenteric microvessels was used. Superfusion (60 min) with Ang‐II (1 nM) induced significant increases in leukocyte rolling flux, adhesion, and emigration, which were inhibited by pretreatment with superoxide dismutase or catalase. Dihydrorhodamine‐123 oxidation indicated that ROS are primarily produced by the vessel wall. Administration of dimethylthiourea, desferrioxamine, or N‐acetylcisteine provoked significant reductions in Ang‐II‐induced leukocyte‐endothelial cell interactions. In addition, a blockade of platelet‐activating factor or leukotrienes also attenuated such responses significantly. The results presented indicate that in vivo Ang‐II‐induced leukocyte recruitment is dependent on the generation of intra‐ and extracellular ROS. Therefore, the use of anti‐oxidants might constitute an alternative therapy for the control of the subendothelial leukocyte infiltration associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Test Power Reduction by Blocking Scan Cell Outputs

Power consumption during scan-based test becomes a major concern in modern nanometer technologies. Gating the outputs of scan cells can dramatically reduce the scan shift power. In this paper, we utilize the same gating logic at the outputs of scan cells to reduce the capture power consumption. This is achieved by inserting block enable cells (BECs) into the design to dynamically control the gating logic. During capture the BECs enable the gating logic to block the transitions originated from a subset of scan chains or scan segments propagating to combinational logic in order to reduce capture power. The implementation of the proposed method in test compression environment is also discussed. The experimental results on industrial designs show the significant capture power reduction by using proposed techniques.
Analysis of Resistance and Mobility in InGaAs Quantum-Well MOSFETs From Ballistic to Diffusive Regimes

Recent advances in the fabrication technology have yielded nanometer-scale InGaAs quantum-well (QW) MOSFETs with extremely low and reproducible external contact and access region resistances. This allows, for the first time, a detailed analysis of the role of ballistic transport in the operation of these devices. This paper presents a systematic analysis of external resistance, ballistic resistance, and channel mobility in InGaAs QW-MOSFETs under near-equilibrium conditions, i.e., under very low drain-source bias. This is an important regime for device characterization. Devices with a wide range of channel lengths, from 70 to 650 nm, are investigated. Our analysis includes the consideration of the impact of carrier degeneracy in the QW channel. We show that unless the ballistic behavior in the intrinsic channel is accounted for, the standard extraction technique for external resistance grossly exaggerates its value as it incorporates the so-called ballistic resistance. By separating out the ballistic resistance, the external resistance in our devices is shown to be extremely low, 74 Ω-μm, including both source and drain sides. This is thanks to our contact-first self-aligned Mo-contact technology. Furthermore, taking the advantage of the wide range of ballisticity of the devices studied in this paper, we demonstrate a methodology to self-consistently extract scattering-dependent effective mobility, mean-free-path length, and ballistic mobility.
Cognitive and functional decline in Huntington's disease: Dementia criteria revisited

The importance of designating criteria for diagnosing dementia lies in its implications for clinical treatment, research, caregiving, and decision‐making. Dementia diagnosis in Huntington's disease (HD) is often based on criteria developed for Alzheimer's disease requiring memory loss. However, it is likely that other cognitive deficits contribute to functional impairment in HD before memory declines. The goal is to identify cognitive deficits that contribute to functional impairment to support dementia criteria that reflect HD neuropathology. Eighty‐four HD mutation‐positive subjects completed neuropsychological tests and the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale Functional Independence Scale (FIS). Functional impairment was defined as 80 or below on the FIS. Speed of processing, initiation, and attention measures accounted for 70.0% of the variance in FIS ratings (linear regression) and correctly classified 91.7% of subjects as functionally impaired or intact (logistic regression). Measures of memory, motor impairment except dysarthria, neuroleptic use, and depressed mood did not improve prediction. A definition of HD dementia that includes cognitive impairment in at least two areas of cognition but does not require a memory deficit, in the context of impaired functional abilities and a deteriorating course, more accurately reflects HD neuropathology and could lead to improved research methods and patient care. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Selected Murine Residues Endow Human TCR with Enhanced Tumor Recognition

TCR-gene transfer can mediate tumor regression in terminally ill melanoma patients. However, the formation of mix dimers between endogenous and transduced TCR chains may result in the surface dilution of the introduced TCR, which translates in poorer cellular avidity. Recently, we reported that murinization of human TCRs (i.e., the replacement of human C regions by murine ones) can improve TCR function. However, because xenogenic sequences may trigger immunogenicity, we sought to identify the essential murine residues that mediate this enhanced functional effect. We constructed murine/human chimeras of α- and β-chains and assessed for their surface expression and function. We identified an evolutionary-unique lysine residue in Cβ, central to murine TCR function. The mapping of Cα revealed that a few short stretches of amino acids play a role in enhancing TCR function, one of the most important ones being the SDVP sequence. This information led us to design improved and minimally murinized human TCR C regions that mediate increased tumor recognition. This also enabled us to suggest a structural model that could explain the role of the aforementioned residues in promoting the preferential pairing and stability of murinized TCRs. Overall, these findings could have implications for the treatment of malignant diseases using TCR-gene transfer.
Cryptographic transfer of sensor data from the Amulet to a Cryptographic transfer of sensor data from the Amulet to a smartphone smartphone

The authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity of data streams from wearable healthcare devices are critical to patients, researchers, physicians, and others who depend on this data to measure the effectiveness of treatment plans and clinical trials. Many forms of mHealth data are highly sensitive; in the hands of unintended parties such data may reveal indicators of a patient’s disorder, disability, or identity. Furthermore, if a malicious party tampers with the data, it can affect the diagnosis or treatment of patients, or the results of a research study. Although existing network protocols leverage encryption for confidentiality and integrity, network-level encryption does not provide end-to-end security from the device, through the smartphone and database, to downstream data consumers. In this thesis we provide a new open protocol that provides end-to-end authentication, confidentiality, and integrity for health-care data in such a pipeline. We present and evaluate a prototype implementation to demonstrate this protocol’s feasibility on low-power wearable devices, and present a case for the system’s ability to meet critical security properties under a specific adversary model and trust assumptions.
Head Over Heels with Success: The Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Performance in Competitive Youth Gymnastics

Research on children involved in youth sport competition has been a popular area in sport psychology. Since the publication of Gould's (1982) paper on the status and future directions of youth sport research, several investigations have emerged, including competitive anxiety patterns of young wrestlers (Gould, Horn, & Spreeman, 1983a, 1983b) reasons for participation and attrition in swimming (Gould, Feltz, Mom, & Weiss, 1982; Gould, Feltz, & Weiss, 1985), and participation motives of gymnasts (Klint & Weiss, 1986, 1987). One topic that has not received much attention in youth sport research is self-efficacy. The construct of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1977, 1986) has been a predominant psychological factor in motor and sport performance (see Feltz, 1988). Self-efficacy is defined as the extent to which an individual believes he or she can execute the behaviors (e.g., sport performance) needed to produce a certain outcome (e.g., succeed in sport). Despite the important and consistent finding that self-efficacy is a strong predictor of performance, most of this research has been conducted with adults. Thus the present study was designed to replicate and extend studies by Gould et al. (1983a) and Scanlan, Lewthwaite, and Jackson (1984) by examining the role of self-efficacy as well as other psychological factors in youth gymnastics. Gould et al. (1983a) studied the competitive anxiety patterns of 13to 19-year-old boys participating in a national wrestling tournament. As part of this extensive study, wrestlers who placed first through sixth in the tournament (placers) were compared to those finishing below sixth (nonplacers) on perceived wrestling ability, performance predictions, and confidence in their performance predic-
Over-exposed?: privacy patterns and considerations in online and mobile photo sharing

As sharing personal media online becomes easier and widely spread, new privacy concerns emerge - especially when the persistent nature of the media and associated context reveals details about the physical and social context in which the media items were created. In a first-of-its-kind study, we use context-aware camerephone devices to examine privacy decisions in mobile and online photo sharing. Through data analysis on a corpus of privacy decisions and associated context data from a real-world system, we identify relationships between location of photo capture and photo privacy settings. Our data analysis leads to further questions which we investigate through a set of interviews with 15 users. The interviews reveal common themes in privacy considerations: security, social disclosure, identity and convenience. Finally, we highlight several implications and opportunities for design of media sharing applications, including using past privacy patterns to prevent oversights and errors.
Robust visual recognition of colour images

In this paper a robust pattern recognition system, using an appearance-based representation of colour images is described. Standard appearance-based approaches are not robust to outliers, occlusions or segmentation errors. The approach proposed here relies on robust M-estimators, involving non-quadratic and possibly non-convex energy functions. To deal with the minimisation of non-convex functions in a deterministic framework, we introduce an estimation scheme relying on M-estimators used in continuation, from convex functions to hard redescending nonconvex estimators. At each step of the robust estimation scheme, the non-quadratic criterion is minimized using the half-quadratic theory. This leads to a weighted least squares algorithm, which is easy to implement. The proposed robust estimation scheme does not require any user interaction because all necessary parameters are previously estimated. The method is illustrated on a road sign recognition application. Experiments show significant improvements with respect to standard estimation schemes.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Genome Replication, Partitioning, and Maintenance in Latency

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is thought to be an oncogenic member of the γ-herpesvirus subfamily. The virus usually establishes latency upon infection as a default infection pattern. The viral genome replicates according to the host cell cycle by recruiting the host cellular replication machinery. Among the latently expressing viral factors, LANA plays pivotal roles in viral genome replication, partitioning, and maintenance. LANA binds with two LANA-binding sites (LBS1/2) within a terminal repeat (TR) sequence and is indispensable for viral genome replication in latency. The nuclear matrix region seems to be important as a replication site, since LANA as well as cellular replication factors accumulate there and recruit the viral replication origin in latency (ori-P) by its binding activity to LBS. KSHV ori-P consists of LBS followed by a 32-bp GC-rich segment (32GC). Although it has been reported that LANA recruits cellular pre-replication complexes (pre-RC) such as origin recognition complexes (ORCs) to the ori-P through its interaction with ORCs, this mechanism does not account completely for the requirement of the 32GC. On the other hand, there are few reports about the partitioning and maintenance of the viral genome. LANA interacts with many kinds of chromosomal proteins, including Brd2/RING3, core histones, such as H2A/H2B and histone H1, and so on. The detailed molecular mechanisms by which LANA enables KSHV genome partitioning and maintenance still remain obscure. By integrating the findings reported thus far on KSHV genome replication, partitioning, and maintenance in latency, we will summarize what we know now, discuss what questions remain to be answered, and determine what needs to be done next to understand the mechanisms underlying viral replication, partitioning, and maintenance strategy.
Expression Cloning and Pharmacological Characterization of a Human Hippocampal Neuropeptide Y/Peptide YY Y2 Receptor Subtype (*)

The pancreatic polypeptide family includes neuropeptide Y (NPY), one of the most abundant neuropeptides in the mammalian nervous system, as well as peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). This peptide family is involved in numerous physiological processes such as memory, pain, blood pressure, appetite, anxiety, and circadian rhythm. Of the multiple Y-type receptors proposed for PP family members, only the Y1 subtype was cloned previously. We now report the isolation of a human Y2 (hhY2) receptor cDNA by expression cloning from a human hippocampal cDNA library, using a 125I-PYY binding assay. hhY2 cDNA encodes a predicted protein of 381 amino acids with low amino acid identity to the human Y1 receptor (31% overall; 41% transmembrane). 125I-PYY binding to transiently expressed hY2 receptors was saturable (pKd = 10.17) and displaceable by human PP family members in rank order: PYY (pKi = 9.47) ∼ NPY (pKi = 9.27) PP (pKi < 6) and by peptide analogs: NPY2-36 (pKi = 8.80) ∼ NPY13-36 (pKi = 8.55) ∼ C2-NPY (pKi = 8.54) > NPY26-36 (pKi = 6.51) ∼ [Leu31,Pro34]NPY (pKi = 6.23). Human PYY decreased [cAMP] and increased intracellular [Ca2+] in hY2-transfected 293 cells.
Expanded Markers of Success in Introductory University Physics

As part of our Physics Education Research Group efforts to transform the physics instruction at Florida International University (FIU), we have focused attention on how to assess the reforms we implement. In this paper, we argue that the physics education community should expand the ways that it measures students' success beyond grades and conceptual inventory scores to include assessments of students' participation in a learning community and changes in their attitudes. We present case studies of three introductory undergraduate physics students' increasing participation in the physics learning community at FIU, which is a large, urban, Hispanic-serving institution. In previous work, we have reported gains in conceptual learning and attitudes about learning science in those students enrolled in the introductory courses at FIU taught with Modeling Instruction, which operates in a collaborative learning environment [Brewe, E. , Kramer, L. , & O'Brien, G. (2009). Modeling instruction: Positive attitudinal shifts in introductory physics measured with CLASS. Physical Review Special Topics—Physics Education Research, 5(1). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevSTPER.5. 013102]. This paper expands upon those results in considering the variety of opportunities for participating in the physics learning community and by closely examining three aspect of student participation: students' attitudes about learning physics, their ties within the physics classroom, and their relationships within the physics learning community. This provides a more comprehensive understanding of how students in underrepresented groups may become successful physics learners.