Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Automatic Acquisition of Frequencies of Verb Subcategorization Frames from Tagged Corpora

We describe a mechanism for automatically acquiring verb subcategorization frames and their frequencies in a large corpus. A tagged corpus is first partially parsed to identify noun phrases and then a finear grammar is used to estimate the appropriate subcategorization frame for each verb token in the corpus. In an experiment involving the identification of six fixed subcategorization frames, our current system showed more than 80% accuracy. In addition, a new statistical approach substantially improves the accuracy of the frequency estimation.
Investigations into a Theory of Knowledge Base Revision

A fundamental problem in knowledge representation is how to revise knowledge when new, contradictory information is obtained. This paper formulates some desirable principles of knowledge revision, and investigates a new theory of knowledge revision that realizes these principles. This theory of revision can be explained at the knowledge level, in purely model-theoretic terms. A syntactic characterization of the proposed approach is also presented. We illustrate its application through examples and compare it with several other approaches.
An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Sildenafil Citrate in Middle-Aged Men With Late-Onset Dysthymia

Late onset dysthymic disorder (DD) in middle-aged and elderly men responds poorly to established antidepressants. Previous studies noted an improvement in mood accompanying sildenafil citrate treatment for erectile dysfunction. We sought to evaluate whether sildenafil’s mood effects were independent of the effect on erectile function. A 6-week open label study was conducted with 20 male participants, aged 41–60 who were diagnosed with DD and who had normal erectile function. Participants were treated with sildenafil citrate 25 mg per day for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Depressive and sexual symptoms were also evaluated using self-report questionnaires. Treatment with sildenafil resulted in a significant reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale mean scores: from 14.61 ± 3.5 at baseline to 6.39 ± 5.13 at end of study (F(3,51) = 32.52, p ≤ 0.001). No changes in sexual functioning were detected. Significant improvement was also noted on the self-report measures of depressive symptoms. Sildenafil citrate might have an antidepressant effect on late onset DD, that is not attributable to improvement in erectile function. Possible explanations for this effect are offered. Larger placebo controlled studies are warranted.
Collaborative pharmaceutical care in an Irish hospital: uncontrolled before-after study

Background We investigated the benefits of the Collaborative Pharmaceutical Care in Tallaght Hospital (PACT) service versus standard ward-based clinical pharmacy in adult inpatients receiving acute medical care, particularly on prevalence of medication error and quality of prescribing. Methods Uncontrolled before-after study, undertaken in consecutive adult medical inpatients admitted and discharged alive, using at least three medications. Standard care involved clinical pharmacists being ward-based, contributing to medication history taking and prescription review, but not involved at discharge. The innovative PACT intervention involved clinical pharmacists being team-based, leading admission and discharge medication reconciliation and undertaking prescription review. Primary outcome measures were prevalence per patient of medication error and potentially severe error. Secondary measures included quality of prescribing using the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) in patients aged ≥65 years. Findings Some 233 patients (112 PACT, 121 standard) were included. PACT decreased the prevalence of any medication error at discharge (adjusted OR 0.07 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.15)); number needed to treat (NNT) 3 (95% CI 2 to 3) and no PACT patient experienced a potentially severe error (NNT 20, 95% CI 10 to 142). In patients aged ≥65 years (n=108), PACT improved the MAI score from preadmission to discharge (Mann–Whitney U p<0.05; PACT median −1, IQR −3.75 to 0; standard care median +1, IQR −1 to +6). Conclusions PACT, a collaborative model of pharmaceutical care involving medication reconciliation and review, delivered by clinical pharmacists and physicians, at admission, during inpatient care and at discharge was protective against potentially severe medication errors in acute medical patients and improved the quality of prescribing in older patients.
Structure and tie strengths in mobile communication networks

Electronic databases, from phone to e-mails logs, currently provide detailed records of human communication patterns, offering novel avenues to map and explore the structure of social and communication networks. Here we examine the communication patterns of millions of mobile phone users, allowing us to simultaneously study the local and the global structure of a society-wide communication network. We observe a coupling between interaction strengths and the network's local structure, with the counterintuitive consequence that social networks are robust to the removal of the strong ties but fall apart after a phase transition if the weak ties are removed. We show that this coupling significantly slows the diffusion process, resulting in dynamic trapping of information in communities and find that, when it comes to information diffusion, weak and strong ties are both simultaneously ineffective.
Race Conditions, Files, and Security Flaws; or the Tortoise and the Hare Redux

A pernicious type of security problem, race conditions create a timing interval in which the manipulation of resources allows an attacker to gain privileges, read and alter protected ﬁles, and violate the security policy of the site. The majority of these conditions found on applications and system programs in the UNIX operating system arise during ﬁle system manipulation and ﬁle accesses. This paper discusses why race conditions arise, presents some examples, and explores ways to alleviate the problem of their occurrence in programs, both through modiﬁcation of sys-tem calls and careful programming. A tool to scan for potential race conditions, as well as a library function to analyze the environment dynamically at run time (and thus detect such conditions) are presented.
Surface treatment of phosphate glass fibers using 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate: Fabrication of poly(caprolactone)‐based composites

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) solution (1–10 wt %) was prepared in methanol and phosphate glass fibers were immersed in that solution for 5 min before being cured (irradiation time: 30 min) under UV radiation. Maximum polymer loading (HEMA content) was found for the 5 wt % HEMA solution. Degradation tests of the fibers in aqueous medium at 37°C suggested that the degradation of the HEMA-treated fibers was lower than that of the untreated fibers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that HEMA was present on the surface of the fibers. Using 5 wt % HEMA-treated fibers, poly(caprolactone) matrix unidirectional composites were fabricated by in situ polymerization and compression molding. For in situ polymerization, it was found that 5 wt % HEMA-treated fiber-based composites had higher bending strength (13.8% greater) and modulus (14.0% greater) than those of the control composites. For compression molded composites, the bending strength and modulus values for the HEMA-treated samples were found to be 27.0 and 31.5% higher, respectively, than the control samples. The tensile strength, tensile modulus, and impact strength of the HEMA composites found significant improvement than that of the untreated composites. The composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy after 6 weeks of degradation in water at 37°C. It was found that HEMA-treated fibers inside the composite retained much of their original integrity while the control samples degraded significantly. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Stabilization of contaminated soil and wastewater with chemically bonded phosphate ceramics

At Argonne National Laboratory, we have developed chemically Bonded phosphate ceramic (CBPC) technology to stabilize the U.S. Department of Energy`s problem mixed waste streams, for which no other stabilization technology is suitable. In this technology, solid waste is mixed with MgO and reacted with aqueous solutions of phosphoric acid or acid phosphates at room temperature to form a slurry that sets in {approx}2 h into a hard and dense ceramic waste form. Initial studies involved stabilizing the surrogate waste streams and then testing the waste forms for leaching of contaminants. After achieving satisfactory performance of the waste forms, we next incorporated actual waste streams at bench scale and produced waste forms that were then tested with the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). This presentation deals with stabilization of soil contaminated with Cd, Cr, Pb, Ag, Ba, and Hg, and of low-level radioactive wastewater. To enhance the contaminant levels in the soil, we further spiked the soil with additional amounts of Cd, Cr, Pb, and Hg. Both the soil and the wastewater were incorporated in the same waste form by stabilizing them with the CBPC process. The waste forms had a total waste loading of {approx}77 wt. % and were dense withmore » an open porosity of 2.7 vol.% and a density of 2.17 g/cm{sup 3}. Compression strength was 4910 psi. The TCLP results showed excellent immobilization of all the RCRA metals, and radioactive contaminant levels were below the detection limit of 0.2 pCi/mL. Long-term leaching studies using the ANS 16.1 procedure showed that the retention of contaminants is excellent and comparable to or better than most of other stabilization processes. These results demonstrate that the CBPC process is a very superior process for treatment of low level mixed wastes; we therefore conclude that the CBPC process is well suited to the treatment of low-level mixed waste streams with high waste loading. « less
A New Scheme for Distributed Density Estimation based Privacy-Preserving Clustering

The sensitive information leakage and security risk is a problem from which both individual and enterprise suffer in massive data collection and the information retrieval by the distrusted parties. In this paper, we focus on the privacy issue of data clustering and point out some security risks in the existing data mining algorithms. Associated with cryptographic techniques, we initiate an application of random data perturbation (RDP) which has been widely used for preserving the privacy of individual records in statistical database for the distributed data clustering scheme. Our scheme applies linear transformation of Gaussian distribution perturbed data and general additional data perturbation (GADP) schemes to preserve the privacy for distributed kernel density estimation with the help of any trusted third party. We also show that our scheme is more secure against the random matrix-based filtering attack which is based on analysis of the distribution of the eigenvalues by using two RDP methods.
Autologous tissue-engineered trachea with sheep nasal chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the ability of autologous tissue-engineered trachea shaped in a helix to form the structural component of a functional tracheal replacement. METHODS Nasal septum were harvested from six 2-month-old sheep. Chondrocytes and fibroblasts were isolated from tissue and cultured in media for 2 weeks. Both types of cells were seeded onto separate nonwoven meshes of polyglycolic acid. The chondrocyte-seeded mesh was wound around a 20-mm-diameter x 50-mm-long helical template and then covered with the fibroblast-seeded mesh. In 2 separate studies the implants were placed either in a subcutaneous pocket in the nude rat (rat tissue-engineered trachea) or in the neck of a sheep (sheep tissue-engineered trachea). Rat tissue-engineered tracheas were harvested after 8 weeks and analyzed by means of histology and biochemistry. Sheep tissue-engineered tracheas were harvested from the neck at 8 weeks and anastomosed into a 5-cm defect in the sheep trachea. RESULTS Sheep receiving tissue-engineered trachea grafts survived for 2 to 7 days after implantation. Gross morphology and tissue morphology were similar to that of native tracheas. Hematoxylin-and-eosin staining of rat tissue-engineered tracheas and sheep tissue-engineered tracheas revealed the presence of mature cartilage surrounded by connective tissue. Safranin-O staining showed that rat tissue-engineered tracheas and sheep tissue-engineered tracheas had similar morphologies to native tracheal cartilage. Collagen, proteoglycan, and cell contents were similar to those seen in native tracheal tissue in rat tissue-engineered tracheas. Collagen and cell contents of sheep tissue-engineered tracheas were elevated compared with that of normal tracheas, whereas proteoglycan content was less than that found in normal tracheas. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the feasibility of recreating the cartilage and fibrous portion of the trachea with autologous tissue harvested from single procedure. This approach might provide a benefit to individuals needing tracheal resection.
A Machine Learning Based Topic Exploration and Categorization on Surveys

This paper describes an automatic topic extraction, categorization, and relevance ranking model for multi-lingual surveys and questions that exploits machine learning algorithms such as topic modeling and fuzzy clustering. Automatically generated question and survey categories are used to build question banks and category-specific survey templates. First, we describe different pre-processing steps we considered for removing noise in the multilingual survey text. Second, we explain our strategy to automatically extract survey categories from surveys based on topic models. Third, we describe different methods to cluster questions under survey categories and group them based on relevance. Last, we describe our experimental results on a large group of unique, real-world survey datasets from the German, Spanish, French, and Portuguese languages and our refining methods to determine meaningful and sensible categories for building question banks. We conclude this document with possible enhancements to the current system and impacts in the business domain.
CADAS: A multimodal advanced driver assistance system for normal urban streets based on road context understanding

Comprehensive situational awareness is paramount to the effectiveness of higher-level functions of the advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) used in daily urban traffic, in which, the host vehicle have to interact with other cars. This paper addresses a multimodal advanced driver assistance system, which we call CADAS (Contextual ADAS), designed for expanding the usability of current ADAS functions, including LKA, ACC, and PCS, to normal urban streets, particularly for non-marking roads. In the proposed system, the relational contexts between the host vehicle, the road and other vehicles are employed for both the low level object detection improvement and the high level scene understanding and decision making. Experimental results in various typical but challenging scenarios show the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Access control in decentralized online social networks: Applying a policy-hiding cryptographic scheme and evaluating its performance

Privacy concerns in online social networking services have prompted a number of proposals for decentralized online social networks (DOSN) that remove the central provider and aim at giving the users control over their data and who can access it. This is usually done by cryptographic means. Existing DOSNs use cryptographic primitives that hide the data but reveal the access policies. At the same time, there are privacy-preserving variants of these cryptographic primitives that do not reveal access policies. They are, however, not suitable for usage in the DOSN context because of performance or storage constraints. A DOSN needs to achieve both privacy and performance to be useful. We analyze predicate encryption (PE) and adapt it to the DOSN context. We propose a univariate polynomial construction for access policies in PE that drastically increases performance of the scheme but leaks some part of the access policy to users with access rights. We utilize Bloom filters as a means of decreasing decryption time and indicate objects that can be decrypted by a particular user. We evaluate the performance of the adapted scheme in the concrete scenario of a news feed. Our PE scheme is best suited for encrypting for groups or small sets of separate identities.
Process of heat and mass transfers during comoulding of multilayer bottles: effect of parameters

The process of moulding for three layer bottles made of a recycled polymer layer injected between two virgin polymer layers is studied in depth. It consists of the following two transfers which take place simultaneously: the heat transfer by conduction through the thickness of the bottle and the mould, as well as at the polymer/bottle interface, and by convection at the internal surface of the bottle where air is located; the diffusion through the thickness of the bottle of the pollutant initially located in the recycled layer. On the other hand, the final material is tested as a bottle in contact with a liquid. Some results of concern are worth noting. Regardless of the temperature of the mould and the surrounding atmosphere (20 or 40°C), the temperature is rapidly decreased through the bottle. As a result, a slight transfer of the potential pollutant is attained at the end of the moulding process. Thus, with the parameters considered for the diffusion of the pollutant, and especially the temperature dependence of the diffusivity of the diffusing substance (pollutant) in the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle, the matter transfer during the moulding stage is so low that it can be considered as negligible.
A Topological View of Unsupervised Learning from Noisy Data

In this paper, we take a topological view of unsupervised learning. From this point of view, clustering may be interpreted as trying to find the number of connected components of any underlying geometrically structured probability distribution in a certain sense that we will make precise. We construct a geometrically structured probability distribution that seems appropriate for modeling data in very high dimensions. A special case of our construction is the mixture of Gaussians where there is Gaussian noise concentrated around a finite set of points (the means). More generally we consider Gaussian noise concentrated around a low dimensional manifold and discuss how to recover the homology of this underlying geometric core from data that do not lie on it. We show that if the variance of the Gaussian noise is small in a certain sense, then the homology can be learned with high confidence by an algorithm that has a weak (linear) dependence on the ambient dimension. Our algorithm has a natural interpretation as a spectral learning algorithm using a combinatorial Laplacian of a suitable data-derived simplicial complex.
A Prehistory of n-Categorical Physics

This paper traces the growing role of categories and n-categories in physics, starting with groups and their role in relativity, and leading up to more sophisticated concepts which manifest themselves in Feynman diagrams, spin networks, string theory, loop quantum gravity, and topological quantum field theory. Our chronology ends around 2000, with just a taste of later developments such as open-closed topological string theory, the categorification of quantum groups, Khovanov homology, and Lurie's work on the classification of topological quantum field theories.
Hydrophobic Anchoring of Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoclusters to Carbon Nanotubes

Creating hybrid nanostructures consisting of disparate nanoscale blocks is of interest for exploring new types of quantum device architectures. Here, we demonstrate the novel anchoring of monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters of 1−3 nm diameter to sidewalls of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via hydrophobic interactions between octanethiols capping the nanoclusters and acetone-activated CNT surfaces. Such molecularly interlinked hybrid nanoblocks are attractive for building biocompatible nanodevices.
THE VICTORIAN PILOT TRIAL FOR CHECKING THE PERFORMANCE OF A GYRATORY COMPACTOR

The Gyropac gyratory compactor is a key element in the preparation of samples for the new Australian asphalt mix design procedure. A pilot interlaboratory precision experiment was conducted in Victoria to identify faulty Gyropacs and obtain an estimate of the precision of the compaction process. A procedure was developed, which involved use of an oil/aggregate mixture, so that differences in test results would be related to Gyropac performance and not to other factors such as temperature control or sample segregation. Seven laboratories took part in the precision study and each compacted five replicate samples. The results were analysed by ARRB TR and two laboratories were identified as outliers. Examination of their equipment revealed faults and these were corrected. The two laboratories then re-tested replicate samples. The repeatability was found to be approximately 0.5 percent voids and the reproducibility approximately 1.4 percent voids at 120 cycles compaction. (a)
The PRESAGE database for structural genomics

The PRESAGE database is a collaborative resource for structural genomics. It provides a database of proteins to which researchers add annotations indicating current experimental status, structural predictions and suggestions. The database is intended to enhance communication among structural genomics researchers and aid dissemination of their results. The PRESAGE database may be accessed at http://presage.stanford. edu/
I NTRODUCING A NOVEL FAULT TOLERANT R OUTING PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS USING FUZZY LOGIC

Although routing is one of the key network issues, the challenges facing WSN makes the subject even more demanding. In this study, we propose a novel fault tolerant routing protocol in wireless sensor networks using fuzzy logic. We approach the problem by breaking it down into two parts. The first sub problem is designing a routing module and the second one retrofitting the designed module in a way that answering to these two sub problems leads to the final solution of the main problem. To deal with the first stage, by using fuzzy logic, we design a routing module; then for the second stage, the module enters fault tolerant routing in order that it be tolerant against routing faults. In this study, the term "network failure" is figuratively equal to "node failure".
Diffusion plasma chemical vapour deposition yielding freestanding individual single-walled carbon nanotubes on a silicon-based flat substrate

Isolated freestanding single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been successfully produced on silicon-based flat substrates using diffusion plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The quantitative effects of plasma parameters, such as ion density and sheath electric field, on the growth and tube alignments of freestanding SWNTs are discussed on the basis of Langmuir probe measurements and simple calculations.