Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep Quality and the Stress-Buffering Role of Religious Involvement: A Mediated Moderation Analysis

Although several studies have documented an inverse association between stressful events and sleep quality, much less is known about the factors that might moderate or buffer against the adverse effects of psychosocial stress on sleep. Building on previous research, we employ national cross-sectional survey data from the 2017 Baylor Religion Survey (n= 1,410) to test whether the association between recent stressful events and sleep quality varies according to several dimensions of religious involvement. We also formally assess whether any attenuation of the association between stressful events and sleep quality is at least partially mediated or explained by lower levels of depressive symptoms (mediated moderation). Our moderation analyses indicate that the inverse association between stressful events and sleep quality is in fact attenuated by religious cognitions (secure attachment to God and assurance of salvation), but not religious attendance or private religiousness. We also observe direct evidence of mediated moderation through depressive symptoms for both religious cognitions. Taken together, our results demonstrate that religious cognitions may buffer against stress-related sleep disturbance by helping people avoid symptoms of depression.
Network calculus based modeling of anomaly detection

Anomalous activities such as flash crowd/event and denial of service (DoS) overload a pool of servers that hosts web contents. This is a great challenge for the 24 by 7 provision of Web contents and may result in interruption of the Web services. Therefore, it is very important that the occurrence of such activities is monitored so that in case of the occurrence of such anomalies, a remedial action can be in placed. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique to model the excessive legitimate or illegitimate requests (to a server farm/cluster) in terms of the concepts and terminology of Network Calculus. Network Calculus deals very well with flow rates (such as the rate of arrival and service patterns) and the capacity of a system. Simulation results show that the model successfully identifies anomalies such as DoS and flash events, and this indication can be used to start the remedial steps.
Splitting Science: The Althusserian Interpretation of Capital’s Multiple Orders of Exposition

In his 1978 preface to Gérard Duménil’s Le concept de loi économique dans “Le Capital,” Louis Althusser rectified the conception of Capital’s revolutionary form of scientificity that he had put forth in For Marx and Reading “Capital. ” According to these works, Capital’s form of scientificity rests on the systematicity of its order of exposition. This systematicity allows Marx to transform ideological notions in order to understand how they foreclose the contingent and conflictual structuring of the capitalist mode of production. In 1978, Althusser found the condition of possibility of this theoretical operation not in Capital’s systematicity but in the coexistence of other orders of exposition along with Capital’s “major” order of exposition. These other orders of exposition, by interrupting the systematicity of the major order of exposition and forcing its constitution to take place through a series of discontinuities, continuously detach it from the ideology that constitutes its starting point.
Requirements-centric closed-loop validation of implantable cardiac devices

Implantable medical devices are recommended by physicians to sustain life while improving the overall quality of life of the patients. In spite of the rigorous testing, there have been numerous failures and associated recalls which suggest that completeness of the testing is elusive. We propose a new validation framework based on formal methods for real-time closed-loop validation of medical devices. The proposed approach includes a synchronous observer acting both as an automated oracle and also as a requirements coverage monitor. The observer combines an on-line testing adequacy evaluation module together with a heuristic learning module. This methodology was applied to validate a pacemaker over a virtual heart model. A subset of the requirements was used to test its efficacy. The results show that the proposed methodology can, in real-time, evaluate the test adequacy and hence guide the on-line test case generation to maximize the requirements coverage.
Efficient cloning and engineering of entire mitochondrial genomes in Escherichia coli and transfer into transcriptionally active mitochondria.

We have devised an efficient method for replicating and stably maintaining entire mitochondrial genomes in Escherichia coli and have shown that we can engineer these mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome clones using standard molecular biological techniques. In general, we accomplish this by inserting an E.coli replication origin and selectable marker into isolated, circular mtDNA at random locations using an in vitro transposition reaction and then transforming the modified genomes into E.coli. We tested this approach by cloning the 16.3 kb mouse mitochondrial genome and found that the resulting clones could be engineered and faithfully maintained when we used E.coli hosts that replicated them at moderately low copy numbers. When these recombinant mtDNAs were replicated at high copy numbers, however, mtDNA sequences were partially or fully deleted from the original clone. We successfully electroporated recombinant mouse mitochondrial genomes into isolated mouse mitochondria devoid of their own DNA and detected robust in organello RNA synthesis by RT-PCR. This approach for modifying mtDNA and subsequent in organello analysis of the recombinant genomes offers an attractive experimental system for studying many aspects of vertebrate mitochondrial gene expression and is a first step towards true in vivo engineering of mammalian mitochondrial genomes.
Translating Head Motion into Attention - Towards Processing of Student's Body-Language

Evidence has shown that student's attention is a crucial factor for engagement and learning gain. Although it can be accurately assessed ad-hoc by an experienced teacher, continuous contact with all students in a large class is difficult to maintain and requires training for novice practitioners. We continue our previous work on investigating unobtrusive measures of body-language in order to predict student's attention during the class, and provide teachers with a support system to help them to "scale-up" to a large class. Our work here is focused on head-motion, by which we aim to mimic large-scale gaze tracking. By using new computer vision techniques we are able to extract head poses of all students in the video-stream from the class. After defining several measures about head motion, we checked their significance and attempted to demonstrate their value by fitting a mixture model and training support vector machines (SVM) classifiers. We show that drops in attention are reflected in a decreased intensity of head movement. We were also able to reach 65.72% correct classifications of student attention on a 3-point scale.
Disciplined structured communications with consistent runtime adaptation

Session types offer a powerful type-theoretic foundation for the analysis of structured communications, as commonly found in service-oriented systems. They are defined upon core programming calculi which offer only limited support for expressing adaptation and evolvability requirements. This is unfortunate, as service-oriented systems are increasingly being deployed upon highly dynamic infrastructures in which such requirements are central concerns. In previous work, we developed a process calculi framework of adaptable processes, in which concurrent processes can be replaced, suspended, or discarded at runtime. In this paper, we propose a session types discipline for a calculus with adaptable processes. Our framework offers an alternative for integrating runtime adaptation mechanisms in the analysis of structured communications. We show that well-typed processes enjoy consistency: communicating behavior is never interrupted by evolvability actions.
On Particle Acceleration around Shocks. III. Shock Waves Moving at Arbitrary Speed. The Case of Large-Scale Magnetic Field and Anisotropic Scattering

A mathematical approach to investigate particle acceleration at shock waves moving at arbitrary speed in a medium with arbitrary scattering properties was first discussed in work by Vietri and Blasi. We use this method and somewhat extend it in order to include the effect of a large-scale magnetic field in the upstream plasma, with arbitrary orientation with respect to the direction of motion of the shock. We also use this approach to investigate the effects of anisotropic scattering on spectra and anisotropies of the distribution function of the accelerated particles.
Distributional consequences of technological change: Worker-level evidence

This paper explores the employment trajectories of workers exposed to technological change. Based on individual-level panel data from the UK, we first confirm that the share of middle-skilled routine workers has declined, while non-routine jobs in both high- and low-skilled occupations have increased, consistent with country-level patterns of job polarization. Next, we zoom in on the actual transition patterns of threatened routine workers. Despite the aggregate decline in routine work, most affected workers manage to remain in the labor market during the time they are in the study: about 64% “survive” in routine work, 24% switch to other (better or worse paying) jobs, almost 10% exit routine work via retirement and only a small minority end up unemployed. Based on this finding, the final part of our analysis studies the economic implications of remaining in a digitalizing occupational environment. We rely on an original approach that specifically captures the impact of information and communication technology at the industry level on labor market outcomes and find evidence for a digital Matthew effect: while outcomes are, on average, positive, it is first and foremost non-routine workers in cognitively demanding jobs that benefit from the penetration of new technologies in the workplace. In the conclusions, we discuss if labor market polarization is a likely source of intensified political conflict.
Normalization based Stop-Word approach to Source Code Plagiarism Detection

This paper is a report of PES Institute of Technology’s participation in the Cross Language Detection of Source Code Reuse (CL-SOCO) task at FIRE 2015 [1]. We approach this task as text document plagiarism task, without considering formal programming language grammatical structure. We use normalization of commonly used identifiers to detect pair of programs which have the same objective. We also find that entirely removing these normalized operations improves the system. CCS Concepts •Information systems → Similarity measures; Clustering and classification;
On-line weighted matching

We study on-line versions of weighted matching problems in metric spaces. We present a simple algorithm for online minimum weighted bipartite matching that is 2k – 1 competitive, where 2k is the number of nodes. We show that this bound is optimal. For on-line maximum matching, we prove that the greedy algorithm achieves an optimal competitive factor of 3. In contrast, we prove that greedy algorithm performs exponentially poorly for on-line minimum matching. We show how lower and upper bounds can be translated between this problem and the standard
Suez: a cluster-based scalable real-time packet router

Suez is a high-performance real-time packet router that supports fast best-effort packet routing and scalable QoS-guaranteed packet scheduling, and is built on a hardware platform consisting of a cluster of commodity PCs connected by a gigabit/sec system area network. The major goal of the Suez project is to demonstrate that the PC cluster architecture can be as cost-effective a platform for high-performance network packet routing as for parallel computing. Suez features a cache-conscious routing-table search algorithm that exploits CPU caching hardware for fast lookup by treating IP addresses directly as virtual addresses. To scale the number of real-time connections supportable with the link speed, Suez implements a fixed-granularity fluid fair queuing (FGFFQ) algorithm that completely eliminates the per-packet sorting overhead associated with conventional weighted fair queuing algorithms. This paper presents the architectural features of Suez, and reports the performance measurements of the Linux-based Suez prototype, which is built on four Pentium-II 400 MHz machines and Myrinet.
Hybrid-Computing Elements: A Multi-sourcing Model for Managing Crowdsourcing Software

The expression "hybrid-computing elements" denotes a category of computing elements where human-based and machine-based computing elements complement each other. The aim from such hybridity is to support human tasks. For example, TopCoder could be used to develop hybrid computing elements to be used in crowdsourcing software. Developing human-based computing elements is a more complex process than developing machine-based computing elements, as the task must be "structured" well as the Turing machines. This leads to the most difficult question of the "unknown unknown" requirements and having to deal with more macro-sociological factors on tasks than formal languages usually work with. In this paper, we model the hybridity using two types of computing elements: the humanbased, with whatever purposes the crowd envision, and the machine-based, which is used to develop it. We present a new framework to help provide such hybridity. It identifies the underlying building-blocks by using a biological metaphor. We call these building-blocks the "genes" of collective intelligence systems, the conditions under which each gene is useful, and the possibilities for combining and re-combining these genes to harness crowds effectively. Employing an analogy from biology where the operator relating the crowd and the parameter to be social phenomena is assumed to belong to semi-algebraic sets. We evaluated our framework by developing a business application through crowd work. The primary result was completed well for managing the crowdsourced software.
Gravitational scattering of massless scalars in QFT and superstring theory

In this paper we perform the calculation of the gravitational scattering amplitude for 4 massless scalars in quantum field theory and Type II superstring theory. We show that the results agree, providing an example of how gravity is incorporated in the superstring theory. During the calculation we quantize gravitational action to derive graviton propagator and interaction vertex with massless scalar. We also calculate general 3‐point and 4‐point scattering amplitudes in SST for open and closed massless strings in NS sector.
DSAC - Dynamic, Single Actuated Climber: Local stability and bifurcations

This paper investigates a novel mechanism, called DSAC for Dynamic, Single Actuated Climber, which propels itself upwards by oscillating its leg in a symmetric fashion using a single actuator. This mechanism achieves dynamic, vertical motion while retaining simplicity in design and control. We explore the local orbital stability of the DSAC mechanism. We use the Poincaré map method with a well chosen Poincaré section to simplify the problem by reducing the dimension of the Poincaré map to 3-dimensions. We find the stable regions while varying the controls input and some of the mechanism's parameters. Moreover, in response to a continuous change in a parameter of the mechanism, the symmetric and steady stable gait of the mechanism gradually evolves through a regime of period doubling bifurcations.
The Analysis of Students’ Logical Thinking Ability and Adversity Quotient, and it is Reviewed from Cognitive Style

This type of research is qualitative research. The focus of this research is to determine the logical thinking ability and adversity quotient from the Students of Statistics batch III FMIPA UNM and reviewed from the cognitive style. The population in this research is all batch III students of Statistics Department at Universitas Negeri Makassar. The determination of the subject in this study is carried out by referring to the results of cognitive style tests. Based on the cognitive style test results, the students are grouped into two, namely: groups of students who have field-independent cognitive style (FI) and student group which has a field-dependent cognitive style (FD). The data collection on this study uses the main instrument, i.e. the researchers themselves, in addition to the main instrument is also used supporting instruments, namely: (1) the instrument to know the Students’ Cognitive Style: Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT), (2) Instrument of Logical Thinking Ability (TOLT), and (3) Adversity Quotient instrument (AQ). Based on the result of analysis of research data in the previous chapter, some conclusions from the results of this study are students’ logical thinking ability dominated by formal logical thinking function of 68.5% and dominated by independent field cognitive style. Based on the taxonomy SOLO, subject GK-FD and GK-FI have an obstacle in finishing a matter of solving the problem, namely: (1) the subject does not have the adequate readiness and lack of planning to solve the problem, (2) the subject does the trial process in applying the formula or process but the formula or process itself is not appropriate to solve the problem. To Adversity Quotient (AQ), camper category is dominant compared to other categories (quitter and climber) and none of the students have climber skill. From this camper category there are 16 students (84.2%) who have independent field cognitive style and the remaining 2 students (10.53%) have dependent field cognitive style. Students that are in camper category have little spirit, little initiative, and his/her efforts are sometimes less than the maximum. Students in camper category are students who are satisfied with the circumstances that he has achieved now and not willing to take too much risk.
Spirituality and religiosity at the junction of consumerism: Exploring consumer preference for spiritual brands

This paper extends the growing research on the influence of religion and spiritualism on consumer behaviour by exploring the relationship between spirituality and religiosity (intrinsic vs. extrinsic) as well as their effects on consumers’ purchase of Fast Moving Consumer Goods brands promoted by spiritual leaders (spiritual brands). Results from an online survey of 238 Indian consumers across four food product categories (honey, cheese, biscuits and cooking oil) shows that both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity have significant positive effects, but spirituality has no significant effect on the purchase of spiritual brands. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of these findings as well as some limitations of our study and useful directions for future research.
Robust Regeneration of CNS Axons through a Track Depleted of CNS Glia

Transected CNS axons do not regenerate spontaneously but may do so if given an appropriate environment through which to grow. Since molecules associated with CNS macroglia are thought to be inhibitory to axon regeneration, we have tested the hypothesis that removing these cell types from an area of brain will leave an environment more permissive for axon regeneration. Adult rats received unilateral knife cuts of the nigrostriatal tract and ethidium bromide (EB) was used to create a lesion devoid of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, intact myelin sheaths, and NG2 immunoreactive cells from the site of the knife cut to the ipsilateral striatum (a distance of 6 mm). The regenerative response and the EB lesion environment was examined with immunostaining and electron microscopy at different timepoints following surgery. We report that large numbers of dopaminergic nigral axons regenerated for over 4 mm through EB lesions. At 4 days postlesion dopaminergic sprouting was maximal and the axon growth front had reached the striatum, but there was no additional growth into the striatum after 7 days. Regenerating axons did not leave the EB lesion to form terminals in the striatum, there was no recovery of function, and the end of axon growth correlated with increasing glial immunoreactivity around the EB lesion. We conclude that the removal of CNS glia promotes robust axon regeneration but that this becomes limited by the reappearance of nonpermissive CNS glia. These results suggest, first, that control of the glial reaction is likely to be an important feature in brain repair and, second, that reports of axon regeneration must be interpreted with caution since extensive regeneration can occur simply as a result of a major glia-depleting lesion, rather than as the result of some other specific intervention.
Prion dynamics with size dependency–strain phenomena

Models for the polymerization process involved in prion self-replication are well-established and studied [H. Engler, J. Pruss, and G.F. Webb, Analysis of a model for the dynamics of prions II, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 324 (2006), pp. 98–117; M.L. Greer, L. Pujo-Menjouet, and G.F. Webb, A mathematical analysis of the dynamics of prion proliferation, J. Theoret. Biol. 242 (2006), pp. 598–606; J. Pruss, L. Pujo-Menjouet, G.F. Webb, and R. Zacher, Analysis of a model for the dynamics of prions, Discrete Cont. Dyn. Sys. Ser. B 6(1) (2006), pp. 215–225] in the case where the dynamics coefficients do not depend on the size of polymers. However, several experimental studies indicate that the structure and size of the prion aggregates are determinant for their pathological effect. This motivated the analysis in Calvez et al. [Size distribution dependence of prion aggregates infectivity, Math Biosci. 217 (2009), pp. 88–99] where the authors take into account size-dependent replicative properties of prion aggregates. We first improve a result concerning the dynamics of prion aggregates when a pathological state exists (high production of the normal protein). Then we study the strain phenomena and more specifically we wonder what specific replicative properties are determinant in strain propagation. We propose to interpret it also as a dynamical property of size repartitions.
Effect of Nanoribbon Width and Strain on the Electronic Properties of the WS2 Nanoribbon

Materials of the general form MX2 (transition metal dichalcogenides) have generated a lot of interest recently. They can form nanoribbons like graphene and such nanoribbons have versatile electronic structures and can be metallic or semiconducting by changing the edges of the ribbon. The electronic properties of such materials are not fully understood till now. In this paper we investigate one such material, Tungstenite (WS2). We investigate the band-structure of the zigzag and the armchair nanoribbon. We observe the direct bandgap in the nanoribbons as opposed to indirect bandgap in the bulk material. Also by changing the edge orientation of the nanoribbon from armchair to zigzag, the properties change considerably with zigzag as metallic and armchair as semiconducting. Further we investigate the effect of increasing the ribbon width and the effect of uniaxial and biaxial strain on the nanoribbon.