Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A suite of techniques to improve random projection in time series motif discovery

The subsequence which has the highest count of its similar subsequences within a range r in a long time series is called the 1-motif. To discover motif, various algorithms have been developed. Random Projection has been considered as a well-known and effective algorithm in time series motif discovery. However this algorithm still has some weaknesses. First, users of Random Projection are required to choose suitable values for the motif length, wordlength and/or alphabet-size, which are unknown. Second, Random Projection still suffers from high computation cost. In this paper, we propose some novel techniques to improve Random Projection algorithm. These techniques consist of (i) using some time series segmentation methods to estimate the two important parameters: motif length and word length and (ii) speeding up the motif discovery process by a new way of shifting the sliding window. Experiments on five datasets have demonstrated that the proposed approach can not only facilitate users in setting the parameters, but also improve the motif discovery in computational efficiency without sacrificing the accuracy.
The effort to increase breast-feeding. Do obstetricians, in the forefront, need help?

OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge, training and attitudes of obstetricians concerning management of breast-feeding. STUDY DESIGN A survey was sent to 1,200 fellows of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; 397 practicing obstetricians responded. RESULTS Obstetricians who were satisfied with their patients' behavior (69.5%) estimated that on average > 70% of their patients planned to breast-feed, while those who were unsatisfied (21.4%) estimated that < 60% of their patients planned to breast-feed. African American race and eligibility for Medicaid both appear to predict low rates of breast-feeding among patients. Most physicians considered that they were very well qualified to treat mastitis, prescribe maternal medications and advise their patients regarding contraception. They were less certain of their qualifications regarding educating their patients about breast-feeding and aiding them in solving breast-feeding problems. Personal breast-feeding experience was a significant predictor of female physician confidence. Four of 10 physicians regarded their residency training as inadequate in terms of breast-feeding management. CONCLUSION The perceptions of obstetricians regarding breast-feeding practices of their patients appear consistent with national surveys. Obstetricians consider counseling their patients and managing breast-feeding care to be important parts of their clinical responsibilities, but further training and educational materials are warranted.
Structured Orientation for New Graduates: A Retention Strategy

This program sought to increase retention rates through the use of a structured, progressive orientation program. Twenty new graduate nurses participated in the 13-week program. Tools used to evaluate success were Performance Based Development System, American Society for Training and Development Evaluation Tool, the Professional Judgment Rating Form-Novice/Internship Level, and Retention Rates. Results of the program suggest that an orientation program focused on development of critical thinking skills, patient care management, and enhancement of self-esteem directly influenced retention.
Topological volume skeletonization using adaptive tetrahedralization

Topological volume skeletons represent level-set graphs of 3D scalar fields, and have recently become crucial to visualizing the global isosurface transitions in the volume. However, it is still a time-consuming task to extract them, especially when input volumes are large-scale data and/or prone to small-amplitude noise. The paper presents an efficient method for accelerating the computation of such skeletons using adaptive tetrahedralization. The tetrahedralization is a top-down approach to linear interpolation of the scalar fields in that it selects tetrahedra to be subdivided adaptively using several criteria. As the criteria, the method employs a topological criterion as well as a geometric one in order to pursue all the topological isosurface transitions that may contribute to the global skeleton of the volume. The tetrahedralization also allows us to avoid unnecessary tracking of minor degenerate features that hide the global skeleton. Experimental results are included to demonstrate that the present method smoothes out the original scalar fields effectively without missing any significant topological features.
Gaze and conversational engagement in multiparty video conversation: an annotation scheme and classification of high and low levels of engagement

When using a multiparty video mediated system, interacting participants assume a range of various roles and exhibit behaviors according to how engaged in the communication they are. In this paper we focus on estimation of conversational engagement from gaze signal. In particular, we present an annotation scheme for conversational engagement, a statistical analysis of gaze behavior across varying levels of engagement, and we classify vectors of computed eye tracking measures. The results show that in 74% of cases the level of engagement can be correctly classified into either high or low level. In addition, we describe the nuances of gaze during distinct levels of engagement.
Growth Following Adversity: Positive Psychological Perspectives on Posttraumatic Stress

The impact of traumatic events is well documented within the clinical psychology literature where it is recognized that people who experience traumatic events may go on to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At first glance one might ask what the relevance of positive psychology is to the study of trauma. But a number of literatures and philosophies throughout human history have conveyed the idea that there is personal gain to be found in suffering. The observation that stressful and traumatic events can provoke positive psychological changes is also contained in the major religions of Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism. Within existential philosophy and humanistic psychology it has also been recognized that positive changes can come about as a result of suffering. But it is only within the last decade that the topic of growth following adversity has become a focus for empirical work. In this paper I will provide an overview of the subject and the research we have conducted at the Centre for Trauma, Resilience, and Growth (CTRG).
A modified carrier PWM strategy for multilevel inverters

In this paper, a new pulse width modulation switching strategy based on carrier amalgamation that provides maximum utilization of dc-link voltage in the linear region. The modified carrier is derived from the amalgamation of inverted sine and triangular carrier at the peak of reference sine waveform. The objective of the proposed strategy is to achieve enhanced fundamental voltage over wide output voltage range while improving THD. The performance of proposed modulation strategy is tested in single phase 11 level inverter in terms of fundamental component and total harmonic distortion (THD) through MATLAB/Simulink.
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Model-based performance prediction for event-driven systems

The event-driven communication paradigm provides a number of advantages for building loosely coupled distributed systems. However, the loose coupling of components in such systems makes it hard for developers to estimate their behavior and performance under load. Most existing performance prediction techniques for systems using event-driven communication require specialized knowledge to build the necessary prediction models. In this paper, we propose an extension of the Palladio Component Model (PCM) that provides natural support for modeling event-based communication and supports different performance prediction techniques.
Bilişsel Davranışçı Yaklaşımla Bütünleştirilmiş Psikodramanın Temel İnançlar Üzerine Etkisi

In this study’, the effect of psychodrama integrated with cognitive behavioral approach on negative core beliefs of university students has been investigated. 24 students who are sophomore at the department of Educational Sciences in Ankara University have participated in this study. "Core Beliefs Scale (CBS)" developed by the researcher has been utilized to evaluate negative core beliefs. Prior to the treatment and also a week and 3 months after the treatment, CBS has been applied to both experimental and control groups. Two-way ANOVA has been used for the data analysis. At the end of the analysis, it is found that negative core beliefs in dependency, perfectionism, insecurity which are the subdimensions of CBS, except for incompetency subscale, of participants in experimental group were decreased compared to control, group.
An HPSG approach to Welsh

Welsh differs from English in a number of ways. The most obvious point is that it is a VSO language, but it also has distinctive agreement phenomena and clitics. For this reason, it is natural to ask of any theory of syntax that has been developed primarily on the basis of English: how can it handle Welsh? Welsh has had fairly extensive attention within the Government-Binding theory (see, for example, Harlow, 1981; Sproat, 1985; Sadler, 1988, and Hendrick, 1988). It has also had some attention within Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG) (see Harlow, 1983; Borsley, 1983; 1988a). In this paper, I will consider how some of the central features of Welsh can be accommodated within Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). This is a framework developed over the last few years by Carl Pollard, Ivan Sag and others, which seeks to combine the insights of GPSG, categorial grammar and certain other theories (see Pollard, 1985, 1988; Sag & Pollard, 1987, and Pollard & Sag, 1988). In fact, I will be mainly concerned with the version of HPSG developed in Borsley (1986, 1987, 1988 b), but I will also have something to say about standard HPSG.
Complex Wavelets for Shift Invariant Analysis and Filtering of Signals

This paper describes a form of discrete wavelet transform, which generates complex coefficients by using a dual tree of wavelet filters to obtain their real and imaginary parts. This introduces limited redundancy (2m:1 for m-dimensional signals) and allows the transform to provide approximate shift invariance and directionally selective filters (properties lacking in the traditional wavelet transform) while preserving the usual properties of perfect reconstruction and computational efficiency with good well-balanced frequency responses. Here we analyze why the new transform can be designed to be shift invariant and describe how to estimate the accuracy of this approximation and design suitable filters to achieve this. We discuss two different variants of the new transform, based on odd/even and quarter-sample shift (Q-shift) filters, respectively. We then describe briefly how the dual tree may be extended for images and other multi-dimensional signals, and finally summarize a range of applications of the transform that take advantage of its unique properties.
Z Proteins of New World Arenaviruses Bind RIG-I and Interfere with Type I Interferon Induction

ABSTRACT The retinoic acid-inducible gene I product (RIG-I) is a cellular sensor of RNA virus infection that regulates the cellular beta interferon (IFN-β) response. The nucleoproteins (NP) of arenaviruses are reported to antagonize the IFN response by inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3). Here, we demonstrate that the Z proteins of four New World (NW) arenaviruses, Guanarito virus (GTOV), Junin virus (JUNV), Machupo virus (MAVC), and Sabia virus (SABV), bind to RIG-I, resulting in downregulation of the IFN-β response. We show that expression of the four NW arenavirus Z proteins inhibits IFN-β mRNA induction in A549 cells in response to RNA bearing 5′ phosphates (5′pppRNA). NW arenavirus Z proteins interact with RIG-I in coimmunoprecipitation studies and colocalize with RIG-I. Furthermore, expression of Z proteins interferes with the interaction between RIG-I and MAVS. Z expression also impedes the nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and IRF-3 activation. Our results indicate that NW arenavirus Z proteins, but not Z protein of the Old World (OW) arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) or Lassa virus, bind to RIG-I and inhibit downstream activation of the RIG-I signaling pathway, preventing the transcriptional induction of IFN-β.
The Glucocorticoid Receptor and KLF15 Regulate Gene Expression Dynamics and Integrate Signals through Feed-Forward Circuitry

ABSTRACT The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulates adaptive transcriptional programs that alter metabolism in response to stress. Network properties that allow GR to tune gene expression to match specific physiologic demands are poorly understood. We analyzed the transcriptional consequences of GR activation in murine lungs deficient for KLF15, a transcriptional regulator of amino acid metabolism that is induced by glucocorticoids and fasting. Approximately 7% of glucocorticoid-regulated genes had altered expression in Klf15-knockdown (Klf15−/−) mice. KLF15 formed coherent and incoherent feed-forward circuits with GR that correlated with the expression dynamics of the glucocorticoid response. Coherent feed-forward gene regulation by GR and KLF15 was characterized by combinatorial activation of linked GR-KLF15 regulatory elements by both factors and increased GR occupancy, while expression of KLF15 reduced GR occupancy at the incoherent target, MT2A. Serum deprivation, which increased KLF15 expression in a GR-independent manner in vitro, enhanced glucocorticoid-mediated induction of feed-forward targets of GR and KLF15, such as the loci for the amino acid-metabolizing enzymes proline dehydrogenase and alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase. Our results establish feed-forward architecture as an organizational principle for the GR network and provide a novel mechanism through which GR integrates signals and regulates expression dynamics.
Dynamic Test Case Generation using Neural Networks

In Software Testing, it is often desired to find test cases that exercise specific program features. But finding such test cases with hand can be extremely time-consuming, especially when the software is very complex. Many static and dynamic strategies have been proposed to solve these methods. Most of the earlier emphasis has been on using static constraint solving methods to find test cases which would satisfy a set of constraints on the input. With the time, the researchers have also been interested in using dynamic methods for automatic test case generation. Still, the time taken to generate test cases is exorbitantly high. In this work, I have explored the use of Neural networks to find test cases that would be able to execute specific portion of the program. I have concentrated on the scenario where all but one block of the program have been reached, and we have extensive knowledge about those cases. The strategy presented here is able to reach the required block with particular ease.
Design of a Novel Antenna Array Beamformer Using Neural Networks Trained by Modified Adaptive Dispersion Invasive Weed Optimization Based Data

A new antenna array beamformer based on neural networks (NNs) is presented. The NN training is performed by using optimized data sets extracted by a novel invasive weed optimization (IWO) variant called modified adaptive dispersion IWO (MADIWO). The trained NN is utilized as an adaptive beamformer that makes a uniform linear antenna array steer the main lobe toward a desired signal, place respective nulls toward several interference signals, and suppress the side lobe level (SLL). Initially, the NN structure is selected by training several NNs of various structures using MADIWO-based data and by making a comparison among the NNs in terms of training performance. The selected NN structure is then used to construct an adaptive beamformer, which is compared to MADIWO-based and ADIWO-based beamformers, regarding the SLL and the ability to properly steer the main lobe and the nulls. The comparison is made, considering several sets of random cases with different numbers of interference signals and different power levels of additive zero-mean Gaussian noise. The comparative results exhibit the advantages of the proposed beamformer.
Does job standardization increase job burnout

This empirical study examines the relationship between job standardization, role stress and job burnout components (i.e. emotional exhaustion, diminished personal accomplishment and depersonalization). Data used here comes from 412 employees of manufacturing and service companies in Taiwan. A path analysis model is developed and tested that posits role conflict and ambiguity as a partial mediator of job standardization resulting in job burnout relationship. Empirical results suggest that increased job standardization diminishes job burnout indirectly, such that the true effect of job standardization may be understood with role stress constructs. However, we show that job standardization and job burnout components have spurious relationships. Results are contrasted with those from previous studies, and implications for managers are discussed.
High-resolution fMRI Reveals Match Enhancement and Attentional Modulation in the Human Medial Temporal Lobe

A primary function of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is to signal prior encounter with behaviorally relevant stimuli. MTL match enhancement—increased activation when viewing previously encountered stimuli—has been observed for goal-relevant stimuli in nonhuman primates during delayed-match-to-sample tasks and in humans during more complex relational memory tasks. Match enhancement may alternatively reflect (a) an attentional response to familiar relative to novel stimuli or (b) the retrieval of contextual details surrounding the past encounter with familiar stimuli. To gain leverage on the functional significance of match enhancement in the hippocampus, high-resolution fMRI of human MTL was conducted while participants attended, ignored, or passively viewed face and scene stimuli in the context of a modified delayed-match-to-sample task. On each “attended” trial, two goal-relevant stimuli were encountered before a probe that either matched or mismatched one of the attended stimuli, enabling examination of the consequences of encountering one of the goal-relevant stimuli as a match probe on later memory for the other (nonprobed) goal-relevant stimulus. fMRI revealed that the hippocampus was insensitive to the attentional manipulation, whereas parahippocampal cortex was modulated by scene-directed attention, and perirhinal cortex showed more subtle and general effects of attention. By contrast, all hippocampal subfields demonstrated match enhancement to the probe, and a postscan test revealed more accurate recognition memory for the nonprobed goal-relevant stimulus on match relative to mismatch trials. These data suggest that match enhancement in human hippocampus reflects retrieval of other goal-relevant contextual details surrounding a stimulus's prior encounter.
Organizational Constraints on the Formation of Elementary School Classes

This study describes how principals assign teachers and students to single-grade and combination classes. Combination classes are a distinct type of multigrade class formed as a result of enrollment imbalances or shortages in which students from two or more adjacent grade levels are taught for most or all of the day by a single teacher. Ninety principals from 13 school districts were interviewed by phone about their procedures for allocating teachers and students to classes. Fifty-nine principals managed multitrack calendar schools, a form of year-round schooling in which three or four independent groups of teachers and students rotate attendance intervals and largely operate on different schedules; 31 principals managed traditional or single-track calendar schools. Notes taken during the interviews were tabulated to form the main database of the study. Compared to student assignment procedures in single-grade classes, the strategies used by the principals included more homogeneous ability assignment and placement of more students considered independent workers in combination classes. More generally, a case is made that multitrack calendars reduce principals' flexibility to make purposive decisions about student assignment to classrooms and, therefore, reduce or remove altogether a school's ability to manipulate an important factor in classroom teaching and learning, namely, the compositional nature of classrooms.
Channel estimation algorithms for cooperative spectrum sensing in amplify-and-forward cooperative system

In amplify-and-forward AF-based cooperative spectrum sensing system, the bit-error-rate BER performance and detection probability will decrease because of the existence of channel estimation error. In this paper, the influence of channel estimation error on system performance is firstly deduced, and then, linear minimum mean-square error LMMSE channel estimation algorithm with filtering delay time-domain windowing LMMSE-filtering-DTW technique and modified singular value decomposition-based LMMSE algorithm are proposed to improve the channel estimation performance for code division multiple access system and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system in AF cooperative scenario, respectively. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the two proposed channel estimation algorithms in cooperative spectrum sensing, and when Eb/ N0 is bigger than 20dB, given the required false alarm probability smaller than 15%, the difference of detection probability between the channel obtained using the proposed channel estimation algorithms and the ideal channel is less than 2.5%, respectively. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.