Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
onfirmation of Clematis hybrids using molecular markers

The hybrid origin of progeny from crosses of Clematis tubulosa and Clematis brevicaudata was investigated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from sequence analysis of chloroplast rbcL, accD genes, and the C. brevicaudata matK gene. Plants collected from three and four populations of C. brevicaudata (C. brev) and C. tubulosa (C. tubu), respectively, from Mt. Songshan, Beijing, China were used as parents for hybridization. Morphological characters of pollen, seeds, and leaves were recorded in 2007. DNA from leaf samples of both parents and of C. brev × C. tubu and C. tubu × C. brev were extracted, and used for RAPD and SNPs from sequence data. A dendrogram was constructed by the branching neighbor-joining (IB-NJ) method. Proportionate population scores were generated by the admixture model using the STRUCTURE software. Based on morphological characters, andomly amplified polymorphic DNA ingle nucleotide polymorphisms TRUCTURE canning electron microscopy C. brevicaudata was quite uniform. However, variations were detected in C. tubulosa. Hybrids of C. brev × C. tubu and C. tubu × C. brev showed intermediate morphological characters of the parents. Accessions of C. tubu × C. brev were clustered into 2 groups, with the majority of hybrids belonging to group IV b in the RAPD dendrogram, suggesting that this resulted from variations within C. tubulosa. In general, the hybrid origin of all progeny characterized by morphological characters was supported by the RAPD and SNPs data. These results indicate that RAPD results supported by SNPs data will be useful tool to verify hybrids.
'Publicness' in Contemporary Securities Regulation after the JOBS Act

The JOBS Act of 2012 reflects the largest deregulatory change to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 over its more than 75 year history. It contracts the coverage of those companies subject to the obligations of ‘publicness' and it introduces an 'on ramp' that will permit most newly-public companies to meet a lesser set of disclosure, internal control and governance obligations for up to five years. We set these changes against a larger discussion of when a private enterprise should be forced to take on public status in securities regulation, a topic that has been entirely under theorized. We conclude that the change from 500 to 2000 shareholders of record made by the JOBS Act, while entirely clear in its deregulatory thrust, misses a key point: 'record' ownership is an antiquated metric for any measuring of publicness and Congress needs to find a better one, such as public trading. More broadly, we observe that Congress increasingly has defined public obligations in securities regulation less by the traditional touchstone of investor protection and more by ways that our largest companies affect constituencies beyond their investor base. Our boundary-setting thus should include two tiers of public companies with the smaller tier limited to core disclosure and governance obligations. Finally, our review of these boundary questions reveals a larger pattern that ought to inform how we understand securities regulation. Entrepreneurs and their advisors regularly occupy new unregulated space created in the wake of technological change or by gaps in regulation revealed as markets evolve. Government response, seemingly inevitably, is piecemeal and reactive. The result is a regulatory process that is more informal than administrative law theory usually suggests and more opaque than we might want in contemplating regulatory change.
IGHER O RDER C LIQUE

A new interactive image co segmentation algorithm using possibility estimation and higher order energy is proposed for extracting general foreground objects from a group of interrelated images. Our approach introduces the higher order cliques, energy into the co segmentation optimization process successfully. A region based likelihood estimation procedure is first performed to provide the primary knowledge for our higher order energy function. A new co segmentation energy function using higher order clique is developed, which can capably co segmentation energy function using higher order clique is developed, which can efficiently co segment the foreground objects with huge manifestation variations from a group of images in complex scenes. Both the quantitative and qualitative experimental results on representative datasets reveal that the accuracy of our co segmentation results is much higher than the stateof-the-art co segmentation methods.
DNA Reshaping by MukB RIGHT-HANDED KNOTTING, LEFT-HANDED SUPERCOILING*

MukB is a bacterial SMC (structural maintenance of chromosome) protein required for faithful chromosome segregation in Escherichia coli. We report here that purified MukB introduces right-handed knots into DNA in the presence of type-2 topoisomerase, indicating that the protein promotes intramolecular DNA condensation. The pattern of generated knots suggests that MukB, similar to eukaryotic condensins, stabilizes large right-handed DNA loops. In contrast to eukaryotic condensins, however, the net supercoiling stabilized by MukB was negative. Furthermore, DNA reshaping by MukB did not require ATP. These data establish that bacterial condensins alter the shape of double-stranded DNA in vitro and lend support to the notions that the right-handed knotting is the most conserved biochemical property of condensins. Finally, we found that MukB can be eluted from a heparin column in two distinct forms, one of which is inert in DNA binding or reshaping. Furthermore, we find that the activity of MukB is reversibly attenuated during chromatographic separation. Thus, MukB has a unique set of topological properties, compared with other SMC proteins, and is likely to exist in two different conformations.
Network Resource Management and QoS in SDN-Enabled 5G Systems

Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) is considered a key technology to instantiate and operate Data and Control planes in next generation (5G) SDN-based Networks. Within this domain, Network Resource Management (NRM) is an essential feature to allow efficient resource utilisation, to enable network slicing and to guarantee fairness among the supported QoS classes. This paper presents and evaluates three alternative NRM policies: Full Sharing, Full Split and Russian Dolls. Policies define how different QoS classes share the available bandwidth on per link basis. The policies have been integrated in a MIP-based Virtual Link Mapping formulation (VLM+) supporting multi-constrained end to end QoS. Simulation results show different policies can suit different network operator's requirements. Also, results highlight Russian Dolls significantly outperforms other policies in terms of Embedding Rate and Link Utilisation, still preserving fairness among QoS Classes. VLM+ Convergence Time has also been evaluated, showing all policies are compatible with timing requirements for a real 5G system implementation.
Phototrophic Co-cultures From Extreme Environments: Community Structure and Potential Value for Fundamental and Applied Research

Cyanobacteria are found in most illuminated environments and are key players in global carbon and nitrogen cycling. Although significant efforts have been made to advance our understanding of this important phylum, still little is known about how members of the cyanobacteria affect and respond to changes in complex biological systems. This lack of knowledge is in part due to our dependence on pure cultures when determining the metabolism and function of a microorganism. We took advantage of the Culture Collection of Microorganisms from Extreme Environments (CCMEE), a collection of more than 1,000 publicly available photosynthetic co-cultures maintained at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and assessed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing if samples readily available from public culture collection could be used in the future to generate new insights into the role of microbial communities in global and local carbon and nitrogen cycling. Results from this work support the existing notion that culture depositories in general hold the potential to advance fundamental and applied research. Although it remains to be seen if co-cultures can be used at large scale to infer roles of individual organisms, samples that are publicly available from existing co-cultures depositories, such as the CCMEE, might be an economical starting point for such studies. Access to archived biological samples, without the need for costly field work, might in some circumstances be one of the few remaining ways to advance the field and to generate new insights into the biology of ecosystems that are not easily accessible. The current COVID-19 pandemic, which makes sampling expeditions almost impossible without putting the health of the participating scientists on the line, is a very timely example.
Factors that impact on the acceptance and performance of ERP system: multiple case studies in Taiwan

With the popularisation of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions, software applications have developed to help managers implement ERP system in business activities such as inventory control, order tracking, customer service, finance and human resources. This study uses multiple case studies as a research method to investigate the influence of enterprise contingency factors on ERP system acceptance and performance based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study selects four companies from the semiconductor and steel industries as case studies for interview. The research results demonstrate that contingency factors are positively associated with the introduction and acceptance of ERP system; furthermore contingency factors are positively associated with ERP system performance.
Trajectory Estimation with Uncertain and Nonassociated Data

The local behavior of a maximum likelihood estimator that adaptively weights data of uncertain origin to make a probabilistic measurement-to-track assignment is examined. The results are placed in the framework of the classic estimation theory of Fisher and Cramer. The Cramer-Rao bound is derived and the MLS error level is compared with this lower bound and the level achieved with known data association. Deterioration in performance was found to depend solely on the false-detection to valid-contact ratio, and the actual (measured) covariance matrix is a scalar multiple of the covariance matrix computed for associated data.
A model to define and assess the agility of supply chains: building on humanitarian experience

Purpose – By constantly working in environments with high degree of uncertainty, humanitarian organizations end up becoming specialists in the implementation of agile systems. Their counterparts in profit‐making organizations have a lot to learn from them in this domain. Volatility of demand, imbalance between supply and demand and disruptions are all factors that affect commercial supply chains and call for a high level of agility. The aims of this paper are twofold: first, to clearly define the concept of supply chain agility, and second, to build a model for assessing the level of agility of a supply chain.Design/methodology/approach – Three approaches are used in this research: literature review, case study and symbolic modeling.Findings – The paper developed first, a framework for defining supply chain agility and second, a model for assessing and improving the capabilities of humanitarian and commercial supply chains in terms of agility, based on an analysis of humanitarian approaches.Research limit.
MULTILEVEL INVERTER TOPOLOGIES FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEM : A REVIEW

This paper presents a comprehensive review on three basic types of multilevel inverters i.e., diode-clamped, flying-capacitor, and cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter and their variation for photovoltaic power system. The electrical power generated form photovoltaic power system is in DC form. Hence, it is necessary to be controlled and converted to useful form. Inverter is a power electronic device which is used to convert the DC power into AC form at desired output voltage and frequency. Multilevel inverters nowadays become interesting area in field of electric power system because it has the capability to produce staircase AC output voltage waveform without using a bulky passive filter. The state of art of multilevel inverter technology for photovoltaic power system has been presented in this paper, which will be very helpful to the researchers to trace the drawbacks in this field of research and thereby will provide information to resolve the existing issues in the near future.
3D scan for special urban evening occasion

The purpose of this study is to enlarge the scope and variety of basic urban data collection to the evening. Two locations were selected for night scans: downtown and a stadium in Taipei, Taiwan. 3D scans under low environmental illumination condition bears many restrictions in creating point cloud model with clear color and configuration. By applying current 3D scan technology, this study was able to recreate an urban scene which features dramatically different from what people usually perceive in the daytime. The 3D scans of buildings and temporary festival facilities are feasible for the identification and measurements of static environment, dynamic objects, and human scale.
Hypoalbuminemia and poor growth predict worse outcomes in pediatric heart transplant recipients

Children with end‐stage cardiac failure are at risk of HA and PG. The effects of these factors on post‐transplant outcome are not well defined. Using the PHTS database, albumin and growth data from pediatric heart transplant patients from 12/1999 to 12/2009 were analyzed for effect on mortality. Covariables were examined to determine whether HA and PG were risk factors for mortality at listing and transplant. HA patients had higher waitlist mortality (15.81% vs. 10.59%, p = 0.015) with an OR of 1.59 (95% CI 1.09–2.30). Survival was worse for patients with HA at listing and transplant (p ≤ 0.01 and p = 0.026). Infants and patients with congenital heart disease did worse if they were HA at time of transplant (p = 0.020 and p = 0.028). Growth was poor while waiting with PG as risk factor for mortality in multivariate analysis (p = 0.008). HA and PG are risk factors for mortality. Survival was worse in infants and patients with congenital heart disease. PG was a risk factor for mortality in multivariate analysis. These results suggest that an opportunity may exist to improve outcomes for these patients by employing strategies to mitigate these risk factors.
Assessing the effectiveness of supply chain partnering with scalable partnering as a moderator

Purpose – The primary purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the significant determinant for supply chain partnering (SCP) that can be applied by the firms to increase their effectiveness in SCP efforts. Next, the paper intends to examine the impact of scalable partnering towards the effectiveness of SCP.Design/methodology/approach – To address the research problem, a survey instrument is developed and a structured model is hypothesized and tested using SPSS tool. Data are collected from a field research on a sample of 584 companies in Malaysia.Findings – The result of this research indicates that resource sharing have positive influences on SCP. Increasing scalable partnering would also lead to increases in the effectiveness of SCP.Research limitations/implications – One of the limitations of the study is that the use of a single key informant for the data collection from the respective companies. A more stringent test of the relationships between scalable partnering and its impact in SCP requir.
A Comparative Study of Product Launch and Elimination Decisions in UK and US Companies

Investigates approaches to product launch and elimination decisions in samples of UK and US companies, which is a gap which was identified in the literature. Identifies different approaches to tackling each of the decisions, and different approaches within each sample. There are also differences between the countries. These results provide new insights, as well as support for some previous empirical results. Discusses directions for further research.
and David Coggon control study − controls for a case Bypassing the selection rule in choosing

Objectives It has been argued that in caseecontrol studies, controls should be drawn from the base population that gives rise to the cases. In designing a study of occupational injury and risks arising from longterm illness and prescribed medication, we lacked data on subjects’ occupation, without which employed cases (typically in manual occupations) would be compared with controls from the general population, including the unemployed and a higher proportion of white-collar professions. Collecting the missing data on occupation would be costly. We estimated the potential for bias if the selection rule were ignored. Methods We obtained published estimates of the frequencies of several exposures of interest (diabetes, mental health problems, asthma, coronary heart disease) in the general population, and of the relative risks of these diseases in unemployed versus employed individuals and in manual versus non-manual occupations. From these we computed the degree of overor underestimation of exposure frequencies and exposure ORs if controls were selected from the general
Utilizing flow cytometry to monitor autophagy in living mammalian cells

Autophagy is a major intracellular catabolic pathway that takes part in diverse biological events including response to amino acid starvation, protein and organelle turnover, development, aging, pathogen infection and cell death. However, experimental methods to monitor this process in mammalian cells are limited due to lack of autophagic markers. Recently, MAP1-LC3 (LC3), a mammalian homologue of the ubiquitin-like (UBL) protein Atg8, was shown to selectively incorporate into autophagosome, thus serving as a unique bona fide marker of autophagosomes in mammals. However, current methods to quantify autophagic activity using LC3 are time-consuming, labor-intensive and require much experience for accurate interpretation. Here we took advantage of the Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) to quantify the turnover of GFP-LC3 as an assay to measure autophagic activity in living mammalian cells. We showed that during induction of autophagy by rapamycin, tunicamycin or starvation to amino acids, fluorescence intensity of GFP-LC3 is reduced in a time-dependent manner. This decrease occurred specifically in wild type LC3, but not in mutant LC3G120A, and was inhibited by autophagic or lysosomal inhibitors, indicating that this signal is specific to selective autophagy-mediated delivery of LC3 into lysosomes. By utilizing this assay, we tested the minimal nutrient requirement for the autophagic process and determined its induction by deprivation of specific single amino acids. We conclude that this approach can be successfully applied to different cell-lines as a reliable and simple method to quantify autophagic activity in living mammalian cells.
Postponed manufacturing: a case study in the food supply chain

Explains that postponed manufacturing applications are a combination of form, time and place postponement in which final processing of generic base products to meet customer specifications at central locations in the supply chain is followed by delivery to customers. Postponed manufacturing has been coming to the forefront as an innovative supply chain arrangement in a multitude of industries, including the food industry. As little is known about the implementation of the concept by manufacturers, the feasibility of such operating systems for the food industry warrants analysis. Aims to develop a set of operating characteristics which help determine the viability of postponed manufacturing in a decision model. Demonstrates, via case results of a wine producer, that postponed manufacturing applications can contribute to integral supply chain improvements.
Enlightened Communication Is the Key to Building Relationships

ABSTRACT The role of communication in relationship marketing is often presented as crucial, and yet, specifics of theories and concepts from the field of communication are scant. Furthermore, despite the intuitive appeal and face validity of relationship marketing and its large-scale implementation, both the theory and practice of relationship marketing seem to be fraught with problems that limit its impact in the marketplace. Consequently, the relationship-oriented approach to marketing threatens to become a case of an espoused theory instead of a theory in use. The authors contend that the complexity of the relationship marketing process exceeds the capabilities of its theories in use and suggest the broadening of the theoretical foundation of relationship marketing and consequent enhancement of its practical application by incorporating theories and ideas from the field of communication. The predominantly relational orientation of communication makes it a depository of concepts and ideas that can illuminate the nature of relationships and add to the conceptual and empirical basis of relationship marketing.
Do Self-Interested Learners Avoid Prosocial Learning?

This article assumes that collaborators who adopt a positive-sum, prosocial perspective can build trust-based relationships, which is equivalent to collaborative ability (CA). To improve a collaborator’s CA, we anticipated that content based upon a model of positive-sum collaboration, founded upon ancestral behaviours presented as social norms, might alter a zero-sum, proself, collaborator’s perspective. However, we also postulated that learner’s willingness to engage in positive-sum content may rely on pre-existing prosociality. Intervention participant’s prosociality was assessed via self-assessment of their emotional intelligence (EQ), quality of life (QoL), and goal orientation (GO). Learner’s engagement in online content was assessed by the three stage reached: examine website front matter; examine website content; learn website content. Tukey’s multiple comparison showed a statistically significant difference between stages one and three, in the mean of respondent’s self-assessed QoL. This suggests that participants who wished to learn content had, on average, higher quality of life, and potentially therefore greater prosociality. In general, these findings support a claim that any intervention designed to increase individual prosociality may need to consider the target population’s reticence to engage.