Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analytical Model of Logic Resource Utilization for FPGA Architecture Development

Designers constantly strive to improve Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) performance through innovative architecture design. To evaluate performance, an understanding of the effects of modifying logic blocks structures and routing fabrics on performance is needed. Current architectures are evaluated via computer-aided design (CAD) simulations that are labourious and computationally-expensive experiments to perform. A more scientific method, based on understanding the relationships between architectural parameters and performance will enable the rapid evaluation of new architectures, even before the development of a CAD tool. This thesis presents an analytical model that describes such relationships and is based principally on Rent’s Rule. Specifically, it relates logic architectural parameters to the area efficiency of an FPGA. Comparison to experimental results show that our model is accurate. This accuracy combined with the simple form of the model’s equations make it a powerful tool for FPGA architects to better understand and guide the development of future FPGA architectures.
Detecting Distributed Signature-based Intrusion : The Case of MultiPath Routing Attacks Paper

Signature-based network intrusion detection systems (S-IDS) have become an important security tool in the protection of an organization’s infrastructure against external intruders. By analyzing network traffic, S-IDS’ detect network intrusions. An organization may deploy one or multiple S-IDS’, and each of them works independently with the assumption that it can monitor all packets of a given flow to detect intrusion signatures. However, emerging technologies (e.g., Multi-Path TCP) violate this assumption, as traffic can be concurrently sent across all available paths (e.g., WiFi, Cellular, etc.) to boost the end-users’ network performances. Attackers may exploit this capability and split malicious payloads across multiple paths to evade traditional signature-based network intrusion detection systems. Although multiple monitors may be deployed, none of them has the full coverage of the network traffic to detect the intrusion signature. In this paper, we formalise this distributed signature-based intrusion detection problem as an asynchronous online exact string matching problem, and propose an algorithm for it. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal we have implemented our algorithm and conducted comprehensive experiments. Our experimental results show that the behaviour of our algorithm depends only on the packet arrival rate: delay in detecting the signature grows linearly with respect to the packet arrival rate and with small overhead for monitor communications.
Aversion- vs fear-inducing properties of 2,4,5-trimethyl-3-thiazoline, a component of fox odor, in comparison with those of butyric acid

SUMMARY 2,4,5-trimethyl-3-thiazoline (TMT), a component of fox feces, is a widely used odorant to induce innate fear behavior in rats and mice. However, based on the slight acrid smell it was argued that the observed behavioral effects are a result of the aversive and not of the fear-inducing properties of TMT. In the present study, we tried to directly compare the aversive and fear-inducing properties of TMT with those of the aversive control odor butyric acid. We first identified concentrations of butyric acid and TMT that induce similar amounts of avoidance behavior in rats, indicating that these concentrations have similar aversive properties. In a second experiment, these two concentrations were then tested for their ability to induce freezing, a species-specific defensive response. Only TMT but not butyric acid induced freezing in the rats. This supports the hypothesis that TMT indeed has specific fear-inducing properties and that the observed behavioral effects could not simply be reduced to the aversive properties of TMT.
Self‐efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between parental closeness and suicidal ideation among Malaysian adolescents

BACKGROUND Suicide has become a serious worldwide mental health problem, including Asian countries. Suicidal ideation happens prior to the actual suicidal behaviour; thus, identifying the roots of suicidal ideation is vital. This study investigated the relationships between parental closeness, self-efficacy and suicidal ideation among adolescents in Malaysia. The mediation effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between parental closeness and suicidal ideation was also examined. METHOD A total of 684 school-going adolescents aged 14-17 years old were recruited via multistage cluster sampling. Bivariate analysis was conducted using Pearson's correlation analysis. The mediation model was tested using SPSS macro developed by Preacher and Hayes. RESULTS The results showed that mother closeness, father closeness and self-efficacy had significant negative correlation with suicidal ideation. Specifically, self-efficacy emerged as a partial mediator in the relation between mother closeness and suicidal ideation. Self-efficacy also fully mediated the relationship between father closeness and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The findings implied that mother closeness had stronger correlation with adolescents' suicidal ideation compared to father closeness, while self-efficacy plays an important role in the relationship between parental closeness and suicidal ideation. Prevention and intervention efforts by practitioners dealing with adolescents' mental health issues, specifically on suicidal ideation, should seriously consider providing them with skills to enhance mother-adolescent relationship and their self-efficacy.
A REFORMULATION OF LIBERTARIAN PATERNALISM

Conventional normative economics is built on the assumption that people act as if seeking to satisfy coherent and a priori preferences. This model has however been challenged by many empirical works highlighting the existence of systematic deviations from the behaviour predicted by the neoclassical theory. The development of behavioural economics therefore questions the validity of the results developed by normative economists. Reconciling behavioural and normative economics needs in particular a clarification of the normative content of economic prescriptions, since it appears that the assumption of rational preferences enabled economists to overstep this question, the different interpretations of the current normative criterion of preference-satisfaction leading in fine to the same prescriptions. In this paper, we want to highlight that libertarian paternalism is probably the most natural solution to the reconciliation problem for neoclassical economists, since its current formulation relies on the existence of a rational homo oeconomicus trapped within each individual. We can however find within the current formulation of libertarian paternalism the same difficulties than the ones of Pareto's theory of the homo oeconomicus. We therefore suggest a reformulation of libertarian paternalism based on a normative criterion of individual autonomy rather than preference-satisfaction, and defend its relevance in the specific context of common-pool resources, by showing that the normative prescriptions generated by our principle of individual autonomy present strong similarities with the institutional design principles of Ostrom (1990) enabling a sustainable management of common-pool resources.
Antileishmanial Activity of Compounds Derived from the Medicines for Malaria Venture Open Access Box against Intracellular Leishmania major Amastigotes

Leishmaniasis is a complex tropical disease caused by kinetoplastid parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the sand fly insect vector. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of this disease, and CL infections often result in serious skin lesions and scars. CL remains a public health problem in many endemic countries worldwide because of the absence of effective, safe, and cost-effective drugs for treatment. One of the strategies we chose to use to find novel chemical entities worthy of further development as antileishmanials involved screening synthetic and natural products libraries. In our study, we developed a Leishmania major intracellular amastigote assay that uses the activity of luciferase as a measure of parasite proliferation and used this assay to screen a collection of 400 compounds obtained from Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) for their antileishmanial activity. Our results showed that 14 compounds identified by MMV as antimalarial drugs have antileishmanial activity and can potentially be optimized for CL drug development.
A randomized, controlled study of sulodexide therapy for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play an important role in the physiopathology of diabetic nephropathy; they are essential for the maintenance of glomerular charge selectivity and their administration can reduce albuminuria in diabetic patients. METHODS Following a randomized block design, controlled versus placebo, we investigated, in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with micro- or macroalbuminuria, whether GAG therapy can influence an altered albumin excretion rate (AER). Thirty-six patients (18 micro- and 18 macroalbuminuric) were randomized to receive, during 5 days/week for 3 weeks, either a daily dose of 600 lipoproteinlipase releasing units (LRU) of sulodexide by the i.m. route (9 micro- and 9 macroalbuminuric patients), or a matching i.m. placebo (9 micro- and 9 macroalbuminuric patients). All patients were followed-up for further 6 weeks. AER was evaluated before treatment, weekly during it and every 3 weeks during follow-up. RESULTS Seventeen of the 18 sulodexide-treated patients showed a trend towards decrease in AER, more evident and statistically significant in microalbuminurics (P < 0.01 after the first week). At the end of follow-up, AER was still significantly reduced in microalbuminurics, while macroalbuminurics showed again increased values. Placebo-treated patients evidenced no AER variations during all the study period. No statistically significant differences vs baseline, concerning blood pressure, haematological, haematochemical, and coagulative tests, and urinalysis, were ever observed, apart from a clear-cut decrease in blood cholesterol and triglycerides at the end of treatment, in a subgroup of hyperlipidaemic, sulodexide-treated subjects. No adverse events were registered. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the GAG sulodexide exerts a positive activity in type I diabetic patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria, by reducing the abnormally high AER levels.
The Dynamic Phenomenology of Occurrent Thinking

In this paper I argue that there is something missing from the account of occurrent thinking as typically presented in the cognitive phenomenology debate. The missing element is what I call the “dynamic” phenomenology of thought. Cognitive states are not just static states, they are also dynamic states that unfold in time. My main thesis is that this is an important aspect of the phenomenology of thought that has a significant bearing on the question of what it is like to think. The evidence I offer in support of this claim is drawn from descriptions of two instances of occurrent thinking. Using the descriptions as a reference point, I propose that thinking experiences possess a three stage dynamic structure that begins with a “productive” stage, progresses to a “receptive” stage and ends in a “reflective” stage. I offer a tentative analysis of this structure and I briefly consider some of the implications and objections.
Contributing factors to self-management success : moderators of physical activity and perceived health status in a randomized controlled trial workplace health intervention

The present study examined data collected from a randomized-control trial (RCT) of workplace wellness prevention programs. Data were collected from the Act Healthy program, a group workplace wellness intervention adapted from the Stanford Patient Education Research Center Self-Management programs, and Eye on Health, an individual control intervention based upon a standard disease management model. Path analysis was used to assess for moderation of health outcomes (physical activity and perceived health status) across groups. Measures of self-efficacy, depression, and interpersonal relationships were proposed moderator variables, and it was predicted that participants low in self-efficacy, high in depression, or low in interpersonal relationships would benefit more from the Act Healthy group self-management intervention. Results showed no significant effects for five of the six predicted interactions; the interaction effect for interpersonal relationships on perceived health status was significant and was found in the predicted direction. Follow up simple-slope analyses, however, were non-significant. These results suggest that self-efficacy, depression, and interpersonal relationships failed to significantly moderate the relationship between intervention condition and health outcome. Limitations of this research include the high-functioning nature of the sample: respondents, on average, reported high general sense of selfefficacy, low depression, and high perceived social support. The restricted range of these variables of interest may have impacted the ability of analyses to detect interaction effects. Future directions for research include examining gender as a variable of interest as well as assessing for interaction effects in a lower functioning population sample.
Influence of Self-Reported Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Health-Related Quality of Life: A Population-Based Survey

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequently occurring chronic respiratory disease. There is evidence that effective treatment of CRS can improve patients’ quality of life, but the data regarding the extent to which CRS impairs patients’ quality of life (QoL) is sparse. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of self-reported CRS on health-related QoL and to determine whether the influence was associated with gender, age and socio-economic status. A four-stage random sampling method was used to select the participants from the general population in Guangzhou, China. All participants were interviewed face-to-face at their homes using a standardized questionnaire. The health-related QoL of each participant was assessed using the SF-36 Health Survey. The scores of the SF-36 after adjusting for gender, age, socioeconomic conditions, smoking and some important comorbid conditions were compared between the CRS group and the non-CRS group using analysis of covariance. A multiple linear regression model with interaction terms was established to determine whether CRS affected QoL to the same degree across the different subpopulations. Among a total of 1,411 participants aged at least 15 years, 118 persons (8.4%) had self-reported CRS. Subjects with CRS had an increased prevalence of allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and gout than subjects without CRS. The CRS group had lower scores in all eight domains and the physical and mental component summary than those without CRS (P<0.05), and the greatest differences were in role emotional function (RE), general health (GH) and role physical function (RP). The impairments of the CRS participants in RE and RP were greater among the females than the males. Moreover, physical domains were affected to greater degrees among the elderly and those with high-level education. In conclusion, CRS is a common chronic disorder. Persons with self-reported CRS perceived themselves as having impaired QoL in both the physical and mental domains. These findings shed new light on the health burden of CRS and should be taken into account by clinicians involved in the care of CRS patients.
The kinematics of the most oxygen-poor planetary nebula PN G 135.9+55.9

PN G 135.9+55.9 is a compact, high excitation nebula that has been identified recently as the most oxygen-poor halo planetary nebula. Given its very peculiar characteristics and potential implications in the realms of stellar and Galactic evolution, additional data are needed to firmly establish its true nature and evolutionary history. Here we present the first long- slit, high spectral resolution observations of this object in the lines of H and Heii4686. The position-velocity data are shown to be compatible with the interpretation of PN G 135.9+55.9 being a halo planetary nebula. In both emission lines, we find the same two velocity components that characterize the kinematics as that of an expanding elliptical envelope. The kinematics is consistent with a prolate ellipsoidal model with axis ratio about 2:1, a radially decreasing emissivity distribution, a velocity distribution that is radial, and an expansion velocity of 30 km s 1 for the bulk of the material. To fit the observed line profiles, this model requires an asymmetric matter distribution, with the blue-shifted emission considerably stronger than the red-shifted emission. We find that the widths of the two velocity components are substantially wider than those expected due to thermal motions, but kinematic structure in the projected area covered by the slit appears to be sucient to explain the line widths. The present data also rule out the possible presence of an accretion disk in the system that could have been responsible for a fraction of the H flux, further supporting the planetary nebula nature of PN G 135.9+55.9.
Generalized Heisenberg algebras and k-generalized Fibonacci numbers

It is shown how some of the recent results of de Souza et al (2006 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 39 10415) can be generalized to describe Hamiltonians whose eigenvalues are given as k-generalized Fibonacci numbers. Here k is an arbitrary integer and the cases considered by de Souza et al correspond to k = 2.
Temperament and the risk of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use among university students in Botswana

Substance use is rising among young people in developing countries, especially in schools and universities. Empirical studies on factors associated with substance abuse are required to identify protective and risk factors and to inform interventions. We report on the extent to which temperament and other demographic and background characteristics predict substance use among young adults pursuing university education in Botswana. Information on demographic characteristics and substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) and temperament was obtained by questionnaire in a crossfaculty sample of 211 university students (41% male, n=87) at a university in Botswana. The Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (Cloninger, 1987) was used to assess temperament with only the subscales on novelty seeking and harm avoidance included. Questionnaires were administered during scheduled lecture hours. Twelve per cent (12%) of the students used tobacco, 19% used cannabis weekly, daily, or almost daily, and 45% reported using alcohol. Cannabis use is more common among male than female participants but there were no sex differences in using alcohol. Compared to those who were brought up in urban areas, students who were raised in rural settings were less likely to use substances. Similarly, students who attended public schools were less likely to use substances compared to their counterparts who attended private schools. The temperamental typology of novelty seeking significantly predicted tobacco (β=.32 (95% CI: .28, .37)), cannabis (β=.35 (95% CI: .28, .42)), and alcohol (β=.22 (95% CI: .16, .28)) use while harm avoidance significantly predicted only alcohol use (β=.18 (95% CI: .12, .24)). Background information and knowledge of temperament are essential for designing interventions to reduce substance use among young adults in tertiary education. Such interventions may include better education on substance use in secondary schools, tertiary institutions, and communities. Keywords: Alcohol and tobacco, cannabis use, temperament, university studnets, Botswana
Narratives of fathering young children in Britain: linking quantitative and qualitative analyses

ABSTRACT The paper examines how in Britain the time fathers and couples spend in employment shifts in the first years of children’s lives, the conditions under which this happens and how fathers feel about and experience time with their families and time in paid work. In order to achieve these aims new longitudinal analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) is carried out together with secondary analysis of narrative case studies drawn from a qualitative study of Fatherhood across the Generations. By linking these datasets the paper examines the potential for corroboration and complementarity between different types of data. Further, it seeks to show how qualitative cases corroborate, elaborate and expand on the main employment trajectories in the MCS population of fathers and how these extend understandings of fathers’ experience of time within families.
Supplementing Vitamin E to the Ration of Beef Cattle Increased the Utilization Efficiency of Dietary Nitrogen

The objectives of the trial were to investigate the effects of supplementing vitamin E (VE) on nutrient digestion, nitrogen (N) retention and plasma parameters of beef cattle in feedlot. Four growing Simmental bulls, fed with a total mixed ration composed of corn silage and concentrate mixture as basal ration, were used as the experimental animals. Four levels of VE product, i.e. 0, 150, 300, 600 mg/head/d (equivalent to 0, 75, 150, 300 IU VE/head/d), were supplemented to the basal ration (VE content 38 IU/kg dry matter) in a 4×4 Latin square design as experimental treatments I, II, III and IV, respectively. Each experimental period lasted 15 days, of which the first 12 days were for pretreatment and the last 3 days for sampling. The results showed that supplementing VE did not affect the nutrient digestibility (p>0.05) whereas decreased the urinary N excretion (p<0.01), increased the N retention (p<0.05) and tended to increase the microbial N supply estimated based on the total urinary purine derivatives (p = 0.057). Supplementing VE increased the plasma concentrations of VE, glucose and triglycerol (TG) (p<0.05) and tended to increase the plasma concentration of total protein (p = 0.096) whereas did not affect the plasma antioxidant indices and other parameters (p>0.05). It was concluded that supplementing VE up to 300 IU/head/d did not affect the nutrient digestibility whereas supplementing VE at 150 or 300 IU/head/d increased the N retention and the plasma concentrations of VE and TG (p<0.05) of beef cattle.
Design of High-Performance Analog Circuits Using Wideband gm-Enhanced MOS Composite Transistors

In this paper, we present a new composite transistor circuit design technique that provides superior performance enhancement to analog circuits. By adding a composite transistor to the cascode-compensated amplifier, it has achieved a 102dB DC gain, and a 37.6MHz unity gain bandwidth while driving a 2nF heavy capacitive load at a single 1.8V supply. In the comparison of power-bandwidth and power-speed efficiencies on figures of merit, it offers significantly high values with respect to the reported state-of-the-art works. By employing the composite transistor in a linear regulator powered by a 3.3V supply to generate a 1.8V output voltage, it has shown fast recovery response at various load current transients, having a 1% settling time of 0. 1µS for a 50mA or 100mA step, while a 1% settling time of 0. 36µS for a maximum 735mA step under a capacitive load of 10µF with a 1Ω ESR resistor. The simulated load regulation is 0.035% and line regulation is 0.488%. Comparing its results with other state-of-art LDO reported results, it also validates the significant enhanced performance of the proposed composite-transistor-based design in terms of speed, current driving capability and stability against changes in environmental parameters. All the proposed designs are simulated using chartered semiconductor (CSM) 1.8V/3.3V 0. 18µm CMOS triple-well process technology with thin/thick oxide options and BSIM3 model parameters.