Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Monthly Cycle of Hypoglycemia

Background: Multipayer initiatives have sought to address social determinants of health, such as food insecurity, by linking primary care patients to social services. It remains unclear whether such social determinants contribute to avoidable short-term health care costs. Objectives: We sought to quantify costs and mitigating factors for the increased risk of hypoglycemia at the end of each month among low-income Americans, a phenomenon related to exhaustion of food budgets. Research Design: We used claims data on 595,770 commercially insured American adults aged 19 through 64 years old from 2004 through 2015 to estimate the risks and costs of emergency room visits and inpatient hospitalizations for hypoglycemia during the last week of each month versus prior weeks. Results: Although persons with household incomes greater than the national median did not experience a monthly cycle of hypoglycemia, those with incomes less than the national median had an odds ratio of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.02–1.12; P=0.005) for emergency room visits or inpatient hospitalizations for hypoglycemia during the last week of each month, compared with earlier weeks. The risk of end-of-the-month hypoglycemia was mitigated to statistical insignificance during a period of increased federal nutrition program benefits from 2009 through 2013. Eliminating the monthly cycle of hypoglycemia among commercially insured nonelderly adults would be expected to avert $54.1 million per year (95% confidence interval, $0.8–$204.0) in emergency department and inpatient hospitalization costs. Conclusions: Addressing the end-of-the-month increase in hypoglycemia risk among lower-income populations may avert substantial costs from emergency department visits and inpatient hospitalizations.
A 0.951 psrms period jitter, 3.2% modulation range, DSM-free, spread-spectrum PLL

This work presents a delta-sigma modulator free in-loop-bandwidth spread-spectrum clock generator. The proposed charge-based discrete-time loop filter with a digital-to-current converter enables wide range spread-spectrum frequency modulation with significantly relaxed PVT sensitivity. A correlated double sampling technique is leveraged to minimize 1/f noise in the proposed discrete-time loop filter. This work achieves 3.2% spread-spectrum modulation range and 26.51dB spectrum attenuation at 352MHz output frequency. A 142% change in KVCO results in less than 298ppm modulation range error. Implemented in a 0. 18μm CMOS, this work achieves 951fsrms period jitter while consuming 9.93mW with a 1.8V supply.
Detection of Overlapping Speech in Meetings Using Support Vector Machines and Support Vector Regression

In this paper, a method of detecting overlapping speech segments in meetings is proposed. It is known that the eigenvalue distribution of the spatial correlation matrix calculated from a multiple microphone input reflects information on the number and relative power of sound sources. However, in a reverberant sound field, the feature of the number of sources in the eigenvalue distribution is degraded by the room reverberation. In the Support Vector Machines approach, the eigenvalue distribution is classified into two classes (overlapping speech segments and single speech segments). In the Support Vector Regression approach, the relative power of sound sources is estimated by using the eigenvalue distribution, and overlapping speech segments are detected based on the estimated relative power. The salient feature of this approach is that the sensitivity of detecting overlapping speech segments can be controlled simply by changing the threshold value of the relative power. The proposed method was evaluated using recorded data of an actual meeting.
Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Networks for Identification and Predictive Control of Dynamic Systems

This paper presents a wavelet fuzzy neural network (WFNN) structure for identifying and controlling nonlinear dynamic systems. The proposed WFNN is constructed on the base of a set of fuzzy rules. Each rule includes a wavelet function in the consequent part of the rules. A training algorithm adopting a gradient descent method is employed to identify the unknown parameters in the WFNN. For the control problem, a WFNN-based predictive control (WFNNPC) law is derived via a generalized predictive performance criterion, and the control algorithm is proven to guarantee the convergence of the WFNNPC controller. The conditions of the stability analysis of the resulting control system are presented based on the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, the WFNN is applied in numerical simulations and experiments (identification and control of nonlinear dynamic systems and a physical positioning mechanism). The results confirm the effectiveness of the WFNN.
4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium chloride–hydroxonium chloride (3/1)

The crystal structure of the title compound, C9H20NO+·Cl−·0.33(H3O+·Cl−), is composed of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium cations, hydroxonium cations and chloride anions, which are connected via O—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding. The 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinium cation and one of the two crystallographically independent chloride anions are located on a mirror plane. The hydroxonium cation is located on a threefold axis and the second crystallographically independent chloride anion is located on a sixfold rotoinversion axis. Due to symmetry, the hydroxonium cation is disordered over two positions.
Traumatic Experiences and Psychological Distress in an Urban Refugee Population Seeking Treatment Services

While a growing literature has addressed the psychological consequences of torture and refugee trauma, most studies have focused on homogeneous samples drawn from a single region. Thus, relatively little research has attempted to identify demographic or experiential factors that might help explain different levels of distress in these individuals. We measured depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a convenience sample of refugees and survivors of torture seeking treatment in a torture treatment program (N = 325). We found 81.1% of patients had clinically significant anxiety, 84.5% had clinically significant depressive symptoms, and 45.7% had significant PTSD symptoms. Regression analyses revealed that anxiety and depressive symptom were significant higher among women (β = .08, p = 0.02 and β = .22, p = 0.0001 for anxiety and depression respectively) and those who reported death threats as part of their traumatic experiences (β= .10, p = 0.033 and β = .12, p = 0.036 respectively). Symptoms of PTSD were also predicted by death threats (β = .22, p = 0.03), but were also influenced by the experience of rape (β = .33, p < 0.001), family torture experiences (β = .23, p = 0.022), religion (β= .21, p = 0.03), and age (β = –.18, p = 0.004). The clinical implications of these results are discussed.
Markov properties for mixed graphs

In this paper, we unify the Markov theory of a variety of different types of graphs used in graphical Markov models by introducing the class of loopless mixed graphs, and show that all independence models induced by $m$-separation on such graphs are compositional graphoids. We focus in particular on the subclass of ribbonless graphs which as special cases include undirected graphs, bidirected graphs, and directed acyclic graphs, as well as ancestral graphs and summary graphs. We define maximality of such graphs as well as a pairwise and a global Markov property. We prove that the global and pairwise Markov properties of a maximal ribbonless graph are equivalent for any independence model that is a compositional graphoid.
4,4-Dimethyl-2-tosyl-1,2,3,3a,4,11b-hexahydro-11H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrano[5,6-c]chromen-11-one 0.125-hydrate

In the title compound, C23H23NO5S·0.125H2O, the pyrrolidine ring has a twist conformation and the dihydropyran ring adopts a half-chair conformation; the two rings are cis-fused. The molecule adopts a folded conformation. The sulfonyl-bound phenyl ring and the pyran ring of the coumarin ring system are stacked over one another, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.7470 (7) Å; the dihedral angle between the two rings is 18.93 (2)°. An intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond is observed. The solvent water molecule, lying on a twofold rotation axis, is only partially occupied with an occupancy of 0.125 (relative occupancy with respect to the main molecule) and is involved in O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding.
High step-up boost converter integrated with voltage-doubler

The voltage-doubler provides an additional step-up gain on top of that of the boost converter, while distributing voltage stresses on devices as well. The interface between the boost converter and the voltage-doubler is accomplished by a transformer and a balancing capacitor, which also constitute a resonant tank. Since this resonant operation shapes the current sinusoidal, a switch turn-off loss and a reverse recovery on diode can be reduced. Therefore, the proposed converter is promising for high step-up applications with high efficiency
Perimortem cesarean section for maternal and fetal salvage: concise review and protocol

Cardiopulmonary arrest is a rare event during pregnancy and labor. Perimortem cesarean section has been resorted to as a rare event since ancient times; however, greater awareness regarding this procedure within the medical community has only emerged in the past few decades. Current recommendations for maternal resuscitation include performance of the procedure after five minutes of unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. If accomplished in a timely manner, perimortem cesarean section can result in fetal salvage and is also critical for maternal resuscitation. Nevertheless, deficits in knowledge about this procedure are common. We have reviewed publications on perimortem cesarean section and present the most recent evidence on this topic, as well as recommending our “easy‐to‐access protocol” adapted for resuscitation following maternal collapse.
Sequences of MGH-1, YOU-1, and YOU-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes

Genes for MGH-1, YOU-1, and YOU-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases have been cloned and sequenced. The gene for MGH-1 has the sequence of blaTEM-10, YOU-2 has that of blaTEM-12, and YOU-1 has that of blaTEM-26. All have evolved from blaTEM-1b but have the strong dual promoter sequence of blaTEM-2.
Pulse response of a fiber dispersion equalizing scheme based on an optical resonator

Results of a theoretical simulation of the dynamic response of a dispersion equalizing scheme using a ring resonator when transmitting chirped Gaussian optical pulses over a long distance fiber are given. It is shown that two pulses which merge into each other due to dispersion are recovered by the resonator. Selection of the optimum resonator parameters in relation to the overall response is described. <<ETX>>
Waveform multiplexing for 5G: A concept and 3D evaluation

Fifth generation (5G) communication systems include enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type communication, and ultra-reliable low-latency communication. To support various 5G applications, researchers have considered multiple scalable subcarrier spacing and transmission time interval (TTI). In this paper, we introduce a concept of waveform multiplexing for frequency multiplexing of numerologies. Waveform multiplexing consists of different waveforms on subbands with scalable subcarrier spacing and TTI operating on one frequency band. The Waveform multiplexing also possesses dynamic cyclic prefix and minimum guard band, which are the key features for the high spectral efficiency. We verify the performance and the potential of the waveform multiplexing using 3-dimensional (3D) ray-tracing based system-level evaluation in a realistic environment and a 3D channel.
An Emerging Decision Support Systems Technology for Disastrous Actions Management

The purpose of the chapter is to introduce a conceptual approach of emerging decision support systems (DSS) development in enhancing contextual support in decision making. We analyse the requirements of outlining a technological solution model for addressing disaster management problem situations in which decision makers at different levels can have the information support to respond effectively.
Dangerous liaisons: youth sport, citizenship and intergenerational mistrust

This article reflects on and offers a critical analysis of the relationship between youth sport and citizenship development, in practice and in the UK policy context of sports coaching and physical education. While deploying data and insights from a recently completed research project1 in England, which identified substantial tensions in intergenerational relationships in sport and coaching, the argument and analysis also invokes wider international concerns and more generally applicable implications for policy and practice. Drawing heuristically upon the philosophy of Dewey (2007 [1916]), it is recognized that the concept of citizenship as a form of social practice should seek to encourage the development of complementary traits and dispositions in young people. To develop socially and educationally thus entails engagement in meaningful social and cultural activity, of which one potentially significant component is participation in youth sport, both within and outside formal education. However, it is argued that any confident assumption that sporting and coaching contexts will necessarily foster positive traits and dispositions in young people should be considered dubious and misplaced. Deploying a Lacanian (1981) perspective to interpret our data, we contend that ‘liaisons’ and interactions between coaches and young people are often treated suspiciously, and regarded as potentially ‘dangerous’.
A rare complication of tracheal intubation

Accidental endobronchial intubation is a frequent complication in critically ill patients requiring tracheal intubation (TI). If such complication occurs, it is more often the right main bronchus that is intubated due to anatomical reasons. Left main bronchus (LMB) intubation is rare. Here, we report a case with auscultatory, bronchoscopic, and radiographic evidence of accidental LMB intubation in a pregnant woman with dengue shock syndrome. We highlight this case to increase awareness about this possible-but-rare complication of TI.
Hierarchical part decomposition method of articulated body contour, and its application to human body motion measurement

Segmentation of an articulated object is one of the fundamental techniques of computer vision, and it can be applied to human body structure analysis and motion measurement. In this report, we propose a method that generates the contour model of each link element of an articulated object by using the hierarchical part decomposition (HPD) method of body contour. The HPD can divide the body region into characteristic elements without any model of link parameters or shape based on the distribution of high-curvature points of the object's contour in the video sequence. Although the HPD only works under the restricted situation, the proposed method can also handle more general body motion by using the shape model of human body generated from the decomposed result. Experiment results of measuring the kip motion under real environment show that the proposed method can divide the body into characteristic elements and obtain postures of the body from the video sequence.
Torque Enhancement of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Machine Using Third-Order Harmonic

This work presents a permanent magnet (PM) shaping technique with optimal third harmonic to improve the output torque without deteriorating the torque ripple in surface-mounted PM (SPM) machines. The optimal value of third harmonic injected into the sinusoidal PM shape for maximum torque improvement is analytically derived and confirmed by finite-element analysis. Further, the influence of magnet edge thickness on the airgap field distribution is investigated and utilized to compensate the inter-pole flux leakage and curvature effect. It is found that the optimal third harmonic is 1/6 of the fundamental one. For the SPM machines having rotors without shaping, Sine shaping, Sine shaping with third harmonic injected, the electromagnetic performance, including the back-EMF waveforms, cogging torque, average torque, and torque ripple are compared. It is demonstrated that the average torque in the machine of a Sine shaping with an optimal third harmonic injected can be improved by >9%, while the torque ripple remains similar to that of the one with Sine shaping. Finally, the machines with both conventional (without shaping) and optimal third harmonic PM rotors are prototyped and measured to validate the analyses.
Detection of bypass fraud based on speaker recognition

In telecommunication industry, fraud becomes a serious problem that affects telecommunications service providers all around the world. As a significant amount of revenue losses to fraud every year, so an efficient system to detect fraud activities is greatly required. A well-known fraud which affects GSM and PSTN service providers is Bypass fraud. It is used to avoid a charge of international calls. However, a fraud cannot be completely eradicated, an early detection of a fraud will minimize the loss in revenue. In this paper a new approach of detection system of Bypass Fraud is proposed. The proposed system based on the speaker recognition techniques to detect any fraud based on the user profiling.
Using mobile LiDAR point clouds for traffic sign detection and sign visibility estimation

This paper presents a novel method for traffic sign detection and visibility evaluation from mobile Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds and the corresponding images. Our algorithm involves two steps. Firstly, a detection algorithm based on high retro-reflectivity of the traffic sign from the MLS point clouds is designed for sign detection in complicated road scenes. To solve the spatial features of traffic signs, we also create geo-referenced relations between traffic signs and roads according to the normal of ground. Secondly, we propose a visibility estimation method to evaluate the visibility level of the traffic sign based on a combination of visual appearance and spatial-related features. The proposed algorithm is validated on a set of transportation-related point-clouds acquired by a RIEGL VMX-450 LiDAR system. The experiment results demonstrate that the efficiency and reliability of the proposed algorithm in detection traffic signs are robust, and also prove the potential of using mobile LiDAR data for traffic sign visibility evaluation.
An overview of close-range photogrammetry in France

Faire un etat de l’art de la photogrammetrie rapprochee en France peut etre envisage sous differentes perspectives : historique, economique, technique, ou selon les metiers. Le present article prend le parti de faire un court historique, de presenter ensuite les evolutions techniques marquantes pour de nombreux utilisateurs (le passage au numerique, les scanners laser, puis l’ere du tout automatique) et les tendances actuelles de democratisation de la technique vers de nouveaux metiers, en focalisant particulierement sur le domaine de la documentation du patrimoine.
Transformations of selected carotenoids in plasma, liver, and ocular tissues of humans and in nonprimate animal models.

PURPOSE To determine the stereochemistry of carotenoids in human ocular tissues in comparison with plasma and liver and to elucidate the possible transformations of dietary (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein and (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin in the eye. Similarly, to characterize the carotenoid profiles in the eye tissues, plasma, and liver of quails and frogs to determine whether these can serve as appropriate nonprimate animal models for metabolic studies. METHODS Configurational isomers of carotenoids and their nondietary by-products from pooled human plasma, liver, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE-choroid), ciliary body, iris, and lens were characterized and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral column. Carotenoids and their nondietary by-products in pooled extracts from quail and frog plasma, liver, retina, RPE-choroid, iris, and lens were similarly characterized and quantified. RESULTS (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein, (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin, (3R,3'S; meso)-zeaxanthin, (3R,3'S,6'R)-lutein (3'-epilutein), 3-hydroxy-beta, epsilon -carotene-3'-one, and 5Z- and all-E-lycopene were detected in nearly all human ocular tissues examined. (3R,3'S; meso)-zeaxanthin was not detected in the human plasma and liver but was present in human macula, retina, and RPE-choroid. (3S,3'S)-zeaxanthin was detected in human macula in minute quantities. The carotenoid profiles in quail and frog ocular tissues were somewhat similar to those in humans, with the exception that lycopene was absent. Frog retina, plasma, and liver revealed the presence of (3S,3'S)-zeaxanthin. CONCLUSIONS The most likely transformations of carotenoids in the human eye involve a series of oxidation-reduction and double-bond isomerization reactions. Quail and frog appear to possess the appropriate enzymes for conversion of dietary (3R,3'R,6'R)-lutein and (3R,3'R)-zeaxanthin to the same nondietary by-products observed in humans and thus may serve as excellent nonprimate animal models for metabolic studies.
Supply chain interoperability for enhancing e-business adoption by SMEs: a case study from the European clothing sector

The fragmented nature and the large number of SMEs of the clothing and textile industry increases the importance of innovative e-collaboration which combined with other new manufacturing and supply chain paradigms can potentially provide some of the answers to strengthen or re-gain global competitiveness, especially in the turmoil of the current economic crisis. Our study presents the works of a pilot project, funded by EU, which applied a simplified approach and deployed an SME friendly e-business solution based on the eBIZ profile of Universal Business language (UBL) and further enhanced by ebXML messaging and GLN and GTIN, GS1 identification standards. The ultimate objective of our approach is to provide SMEs with the necessary justification for withdrawing their current reservations for investing in interoperable technological solutions, thus enhancing their competitiveness, visibility and extroversion, all of them qualities necessary to survive in the new European single market.
Analytical Macrospin Modeling of the Stochastic Switching Time of Spin-Transfer Torque Devices

Owing to their nonvolatility, outstanding endurance, high write and read speeds, and CMOS process compatibility, spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive memories (MRAMs) are prime candidates for innovative memory applications. However, the switching delay of their core components-the magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs)-is a stochastic quantity. To account for this in electronic design, only partial models (working in extreme regimes) are available. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for the stochastic switching delay of a current-driven MTJ, with in-plane magnetization, that agrees with physical simulations, from low- to high-current regimes through intermediate regime. We performed physical macrospin simulations of MTJs for a wide range of current. We developed an analytical model for the mean switching delay that fits those simulations results, and smoothly connects well-accepted models for the extreme low and extreme high currents limits. In addition, a probability distribution in agreement with our simulations results is proposed, leading to a full model of the stochastic switching delay. An example for the application of the model is proposed. Our analytical model can help to evaluate the error rate in MRAM designs, and allow designing innovative electronic circuits that exploit the intrinsic stochastic behavior of MTJs as a beneficial feature.