Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronary Venous Perfusion of the Ischemic Myocardium during Acute Coronary Artery Occlusion in Isolated Rat Hearts

Effects of retrograde coronary venous perfusion on oxygen supply and energy metabolism of ischemic myocardium of the isolated perfused rat heart were examined by means of NADH fluorescence photography. Occlusion of the left coronary artery produced regional ischemia of the left ventricular free wall, as evidenced by the sharply demarcated increase in NADH fluorescence. During ischemia, a narrow area of minimal fluorescence (140 ± 10 μm), indicating sufficient oxygenation for oxidative phosphorylation, was observed around the epicardial coronary veins in the ischemic lesion. Retrograde perfusion was introduced through the coronary vein (left cardiac vein) that drained off the ischemic area, which resulted in a marked reduction of the area of increased NADH fluorescence in the epicardial surface. In the crosssectional view, although the myocardium of the entire ischemic area induced by left coronary artery occlusion could be perfused by venous retroperfusion, the effect on reduction of the area of increased NADH fluorescence was seen only in the epicardial half of the myocardium. Retrograde coronary venous perfusion also resulted in a small increase in tension development (P < 0.05), a decrease in resting tension (P < 0.01), and partial preservation of myocardial high energy phosphate content (P < 0.01). We propose that coronary venous retroperfusion improves oxygenation, partially preserves oxidative phosphorylation in the epicardium, and improves contractile function in the ischemic region.
Ultraviolet A1 phototherapy: a British Photodermatology Group workshop report

Whole‐body ultraviolet (UV)A1 (340–400 nm) phototherapy was first introduced 30 years ago, but is currently available in the UK in only three dermatology departments. A workshop to discuss UVA1 was held by the British Photodermatology Group in May 2009, the aim of which was to provide an overview of UVA1 phototherapy and its role in practice, and to identify areas in which further studies are required. The conclusions were that UVA1 phototherapy is an effective treatment in several inflammatory skin diseases, including localized scleroderma and atopic eczema (AE); however, deficiencies and limitations exist in the published evidence base. For most diseases, such as AE, other treatments also exist, which are generally more effective than UVA1. However, for some diseases, particularly morphoea, the evidence of efficacy is stronger for UVA1 than for other treatments. Acute adverse effects of UVA1 are minimal. The risk of long‐term adverse effects, particularly skin cancer, is unknown. Medium to high doses of UVA1 are needed for efficacy in most situations, but the equipment to deliver such doses is large, expensive and difficult to install. UVA1 is currently underprovided, and the recommendation of the workshop is that more tertiary centres should have access to UVA1 phototherapy in the UK.
Steady-state pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability profiles of quetiapine, norquetiapine, and other quetiapine metabolites in pediatric and adult patients with psychotic disorders.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the steady-state pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability profiles of immediate-release quetiapine administered by similar dose-escalation regimens in pediatric and adult populations with psychotic or mood disorders. METHODS Pediatric patients aged 10-17 years were titrated to a quetiapine dose of 200 mg twice daily (b.i.d. on days 5-7, 400 mg b.i.d. on days 11-12, with a final 400-mg dose on day 13. In a separate trial, adult patients aged 18-45 years were titrated to a quetiapine dose of 200 mg b.i.d. on days 4-6, 400 mg b.i.d. on days 10-11, with a final 400-mg dose on day 12. Concentrations of quetiapine and three metabolites (quetiapine sulfoxide, 7-hydroxy quetiapine, and norquetiapine) were quantified in plasma and urine. Adverse events, vital signs, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), and clinical laboratory tests were evaluated throughout the studies. RESULTS In both pediatric and adult populations, plasma concentrations of quetiapine and norquetiapine increased proportionately as the dose was escalated from 200 mg b.i. d. to 400 mg b.i. d. There were no age-related differences in the dose-normalized quetiapine plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(SS)) and maximum plasma concentration (C(SS,max)). Quetiapine was rapidly absorbed after 200-mg and 400-mg doses in pediatric patients [median t(max) (time to maximum plasma concentration) 1.5 hours, both doses] and adult patients (median t(max) 1.0 hour and 1.2 hours, respectively). The mean quetiapine t(1/2) (terminal elimination half-life) was approximately 6 hours for pediatric and 5 hours for adult patients. Norquetiapine displayed a similar median t(max) and a longer t(1/2) compared with quetiapine. Quetiapine was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events and no unexpected events reported. CONCLUSION Pediatric and adult populations demonstrated similar pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability profiles for quetiapine administered by dose escalation. The predictability in quetiapine concentration profiles for children aged 10 years to adults suggests that no dosage adjustment may be required when treating patients of these ages.
Source localization by TDOA with random sensor position errors — Part II: Mobile sensors

For the purpose of source localization, we have proposed a constrained weighted least squares (CWLS) source localization method in our companion paper, which uses static sensors by accounting for random uncertainties in sensor positions. This paper is devoted to developing two recursive algorithms to deal with the source localization problem by using time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements received by mobile sensors. More specifically, the first one uses the current TDOA measurements to estimate the unknown source position and then treats the estimate as a measurement to update the source localization. For the second approach, we estimate an auxiliary variable with the current TDOA measurements and then rearrange the nonlinear TDOA equations into a set of linear measurement equations to update the source localization. An illustrative example is given to demonstrate that the second algorithm outperforms the first one.
Speech recognition for an information kiosk

In the context of the ESPRIT MASK project one faces the problem of adapting a "state-of-the-art" laboratory speech recognizer for use in the real world with naive users. The speech recognizer is a software-only system that runs in real-time on a standard RISC processor. All aspects of the speech recognizer have been reconsidered from signal capture to adaptive acoustic models and language models. The resulting system includes such features as microphone selection, response cancellation, noise compensation, query rejection capability and decoding strategies for real-time recognition.
The Computation of Binocular Edges

A computational model is described which effects the binocular combination of monocular edge information. The distinctive features of the model are: (i) it identifies edge locations in each monocular field by searching for zero crossings in nonorientated centre-surround convolution profiles; (ii) it selects amongst all possible binocular point-for-point combinations of edge locations only those which satisfy a (quasi-)collinear figural grouping rule; (iii) it presents a concept of the orientated and spatial-frequency-tuned channel as a nonlinear grouping operator. The success of the model is demonstrated both on a stereo pair of a natural scene and on a random-dot stereogram.
Ocelot/HyPE: Optimized Data Processing on Heterogeneous Hardware

The past years saw the emergence of highly heterogeneous server architectures that feature multiple accelerators in addition to the main processor. Efficiently exploiting these systems for data processing is a challenging research problem that comprises many facets, including how to find an optimal operator placement strategy, how to estimate runtime costs across different hardware architectures, and how to manage the code and maintenance blowup caused by having to support multiple architectures. In prior work, we already discussed solutions to some of these problems: First, we showed that specifying operators in a hardware-oblivious way can prevent code blowup while still maintaining competitive performance when supporting multiple architectures. Second, we presented learning cost functions and several heuristics to efficiently place operators across all available devices. In this demonstration, we provide further insights into this line of work by presenting our combined system Ocelot/HyPE. Our system integrates a hardware-oblivious data processing engine with a learning query optimizer for placement decisions, resulting in a highly adaptive DBMS that is specifically tailored towards heterogeneous hardware environments.
A Nonlinear Galerkin Scheme Involving Vectorial and Tensorial Spherical Wavelets for Solving the Incompressible Navier‐Stokes Equation on the Sphere

The spherical Navier‐Stokes equation plays a fundamental role in meteorology by modelling meso‐scale (stratified) atmospherical flows. This article introduces a wavelet based nonlinear Galerkin method applied to the Navier‐Stokes equation on the rotating sphere. In detail, this scheme is implemented by using divergence free vectorial spherical wavelets, and its convergence is proven. To improve numerical efficiency an extension of the spherical panel clustering algorithm to vectorial and tensorial kernels is constructed. This method enables the rapid computation of the wavelet coefficients of the nonlinear advection term. Thereby, we also indicate error estimates. Finally, extensive numerical simulations for the nonlinear interaction of three vortices are presented. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Major Locus for Quantitatively Measured Shank Skin Color Traits in Korean Native Chicken

Shank skin color of Korean native chicken (KNC) shows large color variations. It varies from white, yellow, green, bluish or grey to black, whilst in the majority of European breeds the shanks are typically yellow-colored. Three shank skin color-related traits (i.e., lightness [L*], redness [a*], and yellowness [b*]) were measured by a spectrophotometer in 585 progeny from 68 nuclear families in the KNC resource population. We performed genome scan linkage analysis to identify loci that affect quantitatively measured shank skin color traits in KNC. All these birds were genotyped with 167 DNA markers located throughout the 26 autosomes. The SOLAR program was used to conduct multipoint variance-component quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses. We detected a major QTL that affects b* value (logarithm of odds [LOD] = 47.5, p = 1.60×10−49) on GGA24 (GGA for Gallus gallus). At the same location, we also detected a QTL that influences a* value (LOD = 14.2, p = 6.14×10−16). Additionally, beta-carotene dioxygenase 2 (BCDO2), the obvious positional candidate gene under the linkage peaks on GGA24, was investigated by the two association tests: i.e., measured genotype association (MGA) and quantitative transmission disequilibrium test (QTDT). Significant associations were detected between BCDO2 g.9367 A>C and a* (PMGA = 1.69×10−28; PQTDT = 2.40×10−25). The strongest associations were between BCDO2 g.9367 A>C and b* (PMGA = 3.56×10−66; PQTDT = 1.68×10−65). However, linkage analyses conditional on the single nucleotide polymorphism indicated that other functional variants should exist. Taken together, we demonstrate for the first time the linkage and association between the BCDO2 locus on GGA24 and quantitatively measured shank skin color traits in KNC.
Zero modes in magnetic systems: General theory and an efficient computational scheme

The presence of topological defects in magnetic media often leads to normal modes with zero frequency (zero modes). Such modes are crucial for long-time behavior, describing, for example, the motion of a domain wall as a whole. Conventional numerical methods to calculate the spin-wave spectrum in magnetic media are either inefficient or they fail for systems with zero modes. We present a new efficient computational scheme that reduces the magnetic normal-mode problem to a generalized Hermitian eigenvalue problem also in the presence of zero modes. We apply our scheme to several examples, including two-dimensional domain walls and Skyrmions, and show how the effective masses that determine the dynamics can be calculated directly. These systems highlight the fundamental distinction between the two types of zero modes that can occur in spin systems, which we call special and inertial zero modes. Our method is suitable for both conservative and dissipative systems. For the latter case, we present a perturbative scheme to take into account damping, which can also be used to calculate dynamical susceptibilities.
Clustering and Separating of a Set of Members in Terms of Mutual Distances and Similarities

In a case of set members are presented via mutual distances or similarities well-known algorithms for clustering (K-means), grouping (Modulus), and learning (Kozinets’s) are under investigation. Relationship between K-means and Modulus algorithms is shown based on idea of unbiased partitioning. The problem of learning to recognize set members (objects or features) is under investigation too. Experimental results are shown for feature recognition (Holzinger’s psychological tests) and for object recognition (small classes of amino-acid sequences) problems.
Effects of Echinacea extract on the performance, antibody titres, and intestinal histology of layer chicks

1. This research was conducted to determine the effect of diet supplementation with Echinacea extract (cichoric acid) on the growth performance, antibody titres and intestinal tissue histology of layer chicks. 2. White, 1-d-old, Hy-Line hybrid chicks (n = 540) were divided into three treatments, each consisting of 6 groups of 30 chicks (n = 180): (1) control; (2) 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed; and (3) 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed. The trial lasted 60 d. 3. While the growth performance of the chicks was depressed between d 1 and 45, it was found to improve between d 45 and 60. 4. Feed consumption was lower in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups than in the control group between d 1–15 and 15–30, but was higher between d 30 and 45. Overall, mean feed consumption did not differ between the control and cichoric-acid-fed groups during the 60 d study period. 5. During the 60 d evaluation period, live weight gain, feed utilisation rate and final live weight were higher in the control group than in both of the cichoric-acid-fed groups. 6. Antibody titres against infectious bronchitis and infectious bursal disease did not differ between the three groups, but those for Newcastle disease were higher in the 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the control group after 45 d. 7. Height and width of the jejunal villus and the thickness of the muscle layer were lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in both the control and the 2·5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed groups. The height of the ileal villus was also lower in the 5 mg/kg cichoric-acid-fed group than in the other two groups. 8. Echinacea extract supplementation for layer chicks appears not to benefit growth performance and intestinal histology during the growing period.
Avoidance of Manual Labeling in Robotic Autonomous Navigation Through Multi-Sensory Semi-Supervised Learning

Imitation learning holds the promise to address challenging robotic tasks such as autonomous navigation. It however requires a human supervisor to oversee the training process and send correct control commands to robots without feedback, which is always prone to error and expensive. To minimize human involvement and avoid manual labeling of data in the robotic autonomous navigation with imitation learning, this paper proposes a novel semi-supervised imitation learning solution based on a multi-sensory design. This solution includes a suboptimal sensor policy based on sensor fusion to automatically label states encountered by a robot to avoid human supervision during training. In addition, a recording policy is developed to throttle the adversarial affect of learning too much from the suboptimal sensor policy. This solution allows the robot to learn a navigation policy in a self-supervised manner. With extensive experiments in indoor environments, this solution can achieve near human performance in most of the tasks and even surpasses human performance in case of unexpected events such as hardware failures or human operation errors. To best of our knowledge, this is the first work that synthesizes sensor fusion and imitation learning to enable robotic autonomous navigation in the real world without human supervision.
Recommendations on Angiographic Revascularization Grading Standards for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Consensus Statement

See related article, p 2509 Intra-arterial therapy (IAT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has dramatically evolved during the past decade to include aspiration and stent-retriever devices. Recent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the superior revascularization efficacy of stent-retrievers compared with the first-generation Merci device.1,2 Additionally, the Diffusion and Perfusion Imaging Evaluation for Understanding Stroke Evolution (DEFUSE) 2, the Mechanical Retrieval and Recanalization of Stroke Clots Using Embolectomy (MR RESCUE), and the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trials have confirmed the importance of early revascularization for achieving better clinical outcome.3–5 Despite these data, the current heterogeneity in cerebral angiographic revascularization grading (CARG) poses a major obstacle to further advances in stroke therapy. To date, several CARG scales have been used to measure the success of IAT.6–14 Even when the same scale is used in different studies, it is applied using varying operational criteria, which further confounds the interpretation of this key metric.10 The lack of a uniform grading approach limits comparison of revascularization rates across clinical trials and hinders the translation of promising, early phase angiographic results into proven, clinically effective treatments.6–14 For these reasons, it is critical that CARG scales be standardized and end points for successful revascularization be refined.6 This will lead to a greater understanding of the aspects of revascularization that are strongly predictive of clinical response. The optimal grading scale must demonstrate (1) a strong correlation with clinical outcome, (2) simplicity and feasibility of scale interpretation while ensuring characterization of relevant angiographic findings, and (3) high inter-rater reproducibility. To address these issues, a multidisciplinary panel of neurointerventionalists, neuroradiologists, and stroke neurologists with extensive experience in neuroimaging and IAT, convened at the “Consensus Meeting on Revascularization Grading Following Endovascular Therapy” with the goal …
Synthesizing Attitudes in German

Our study investigates the potential of modeling the vocal expression of human attitudes based on a limited set of prosodic and voice quality parameters and their subsequent synthetic realization. Four attitudes (uncertainty, sincerity, surprise and doubt) were taken into account. For two utterances, a set of acoustic prosodic (F0, intensity, duration) and voice quality parameters (jitter, shimmer) were extracted from a corpus of German expressive speech and analyzed acoustically, yielding a set of voice adaptation rules for attitudinal modeling. The subsequent synthesis and paralinguistic voice adaptation was carried out using MaryTTS HMM voices embedded in the InproTK system. In a first objective evaluation, a comparison of lexically identical human and synthesized expressive utterances yields mostly positive correlations between the acoustic parameters used for analysis and modeling. To find out whether these similarities are sufficient to create the perceptual impression of the examined attitudes, a subjective evaluation was carried out: Listeners were asked to identify a target attitude in pairs of synthesized utterances either characterized by a rising, interrogative contour (doubt vs. surprise) or a falling, declarative contour (sincerity vs. uncertainty). That way, uncertainty was identified in 90%, followed by sincerity (80%), surprise (72%) and doubt (64%).
A randomised trial investigating the dose intensity of primary chemotherapy in patients with ovarian carcinoma: a comparison of chemotherapy given every four weeks with the same chemotherapy given at three week intervals.

BACKGROUND The dose intensity of chemotherapy for patients with ovarian carcinoma remains a controversial issue. Few randomised trials have been conducted examining dose intensity using the same total dose of chemotherapy. This study was designed to investigate two schedules of chemotherapy using standard and higher dose intensity with both groups receiving the same total dose. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with FIGO stage IC, II, III and IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma were randomised to receive cycles of cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) and carboplatin (300 mg/m2) alternating with doxorubicin (50 mg/ m2) and ifosfamide (5 g/m2) at either four-weekly (n = 47) or three-weekly (n = 97) intervals (1:2 randomisation). At randomisation patients were stratified according to histological grade and amount of post operative residual tumour (greater or less than 2 cm). The two arms of the study were well balanced in terms of the major prognostic features. RESULTS There was no difference in either progression free survival or overall survival between the two arms. The median overall survival was 730 days for the three-weekly treatment and 740 days in the four-weekly arm (progression-free survival was 500 days and 483 days, respectively). The combined overall response rate (complete and partial response) in the 114 assessable patients was 65.7% (66.7% for the three-weekly treatment and 64% for the four-weekly treatment). These differences were not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS A modest increase in the dose intensity of chemotherapy (1:3 fold) failed to improve the response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma.
Performance and Overhead Study of Containers Running on Top of Virtual Machines

Cloud computing is a widespread and commonly used computing paradigm. Cloud relied on virtualization technology to be a scalable and efficient distributed system. In traditional cloud infrastructures, hypervisors like KVM create and manage Virtual Machines according to users’ demands. Recently a more lightweight virtualization technique is being rapidly adopted and it is based on containers.Although running a container on top of Virtual Machine is a common case, according to our research it has never been studied before how this affects the container’s performance. In this work, we conducted several experiments to study how the container performance is affected by the additional virtualization layer of the Virtual Machine. We used Docker to deploy and run our containers, KVM hypervisor for the Virtual Machines and we executed a series of well-known benchmarks on different operating systems.