Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vaginal Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VaIN 2/3): Comparing Clinical Outcomes of Treatment With Intravaginal Estrogen

Objective To determine the outcomes of women treated for vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (VaIN 2/3) with intravaginal estrogen. Material and Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of 106 patients with VaIN 2/3 evaluated at a single institution between 2000 and 2008. Medical records were reviewed for demographic information, risk factors, HPV status, treatment type, pathologic diagnosis, and outcome information. Patients with VaIN 1 and invasive disease at the time of initial presentation were excluded. In addition, patients who were lost to follow-up or who developed other genital tract malignancies during the study period were excluded from the final analysis. Results After exclusions, 83 patient records were included in the statistical analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 54.3 years. Of these patients, 88.0% were postmenopausal and 88.0% had undergone previous hysterectomy. Moreover, 63.9% of the patients reported previous treatment for preinvasive disease (cervical, vaginal, or vulvar dysplasia). Of all the patients, 44.6% reported prior and/or current tobacco use and 48.2% tested positive for high-risk HPV types. Treatment modalities included intravaginal estrogen, CO2 laser ablation, topical 5-fluorouracil, wide local excision, loop electrosurgical excision procedure, and vaginectomy. Some patients underwent more than 1 treatment modality. Of those patients treated with intravaginal estrogen alone (n = 40), 90.0% had regression or cure of high grade disease. Of those patients treated with intravaginal estrogen and 1 or more other treatment modalities (n = 32), 81.3% experienced regression or cure. In contrast, 71.4% of patients undergoing treatment without intravaginal estrogen experienced regression or cure of high-grade disease. Conditions of 2 patients progressed to invasive vaginal carcinoma during the study period. The mean length of follow-up for all patients was 47.6 months. Conclusions This cohort of women with VaIN 2/3 further delineates the demographic and clinical risk factors associated with VaIN 2/3. High rates of regression and cure were found in patients treated with intravaginal estrogen, whether alone or in combination with other treatment modalities. Treatment of VaIN 2/3 with intravaginal estrogen therapy offers an alternative to standard therapies with a success rate that is comparable to that previously reported with other more potentially morbid therapies.
Video-guided motion synthesis using example motions

Video taken from a single monocular camera is the most common means of recording human motion. In this article, we present a practical, semiautomatic method for synthesizing a human motion that is guided by such video. After preprocessing an input video, we select a precaptured motion clip called a reference motion from a motion library. We then compute the sequence of body configurations of a virtual character by deforming this motion, according to spacetime constraints derived from a sequence of 2D features in the input video. Experimental results show that our method can synthesize highly dynamic motions, such as kicking and header motions of soccer players. We also showed the potential of our scheme as a new paradigm for motion capture, that is, capturing motions from videos taken with a monocular camera, even outside a motion capture studio.
What Are Different Brains Made Of?

The brain is the most complex organ that ever evolved. The brain controls important functions in the body like keeping your heartbeat and your breathing normal. It controls the movement of your eyes across the page as you read this, it makes sense of the ink on the page to form words, and it links these words with concepts in your memory and makes new concepts as you learn. And the brain was also the part of your body that made the decision to read this article in the first place. In different animals, brains are very different. There are large and small brains, smooth and wrinkled brains, brains with some parts larger than others. How are these brains built? How did they come to be so different from each other—and why does that matter?
Quality Evaluation and Automatic Classification in Resistance Spot Welding by Analyzing the Weld Image on Metal Bands by Computer Vision

This paper introduces a novel method for the quality evaluation of resistance spot welds. The evaluation is based on computer vision methods, which allow nondestructive on-line real-time processing. The input of the system is the image of a weld imprint on a metal band which covers the electrodes against wear and soiling. In order to find the position of the resistance spot welds, we describe an image registration method based on geometric pattern matching for alignment system in metal parts. Further we extract features describing the shape of localized objects in segmented images . Using these shape descriptors (geometric feature) we classify the defects by Artificial Neural Network.
Effect of bupropion on CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 catalytic activity, immunoreactive protein and mRNA levels in primary human hepatocytes: comparison with rifampicin

Animals treated with multiple doses of bupropion have had increased bupropion clearance or increased liver weight, suggesting induction of drug‐metabolizing activity. The possibility of cytochrome p450 (CYP) induction by bupropion (10 μM) was evaluated in‐vitro by comparing catalytic activity, immunoreactive protein and CYP mRNA levels from human hepatocytes in primary culture versus cells treated with vehicle (0.5% methanol) and with rifampicin (rifampin) as a positive control. mRNA levels were analysed using a branched DNA luminescent assay. CYP2B6 activity, protein and mRNA levels were increased by 2.5, 1.5 and 2.1 fold, respectively, by 20 μM rifampicin. However, 10 μM bupropion minimally altered CYP2B6 (1.4, 1.1, 0.8 fold). Although CYP3A4 activity, protein, and mRNA levels were increased by 4.0, 2.3, and 14.0 fold, respectively, by 20 μM rifampicin, 10 μM bupropion minimally altered CYP3A4 (1.4, 1.0, 0.8 fold). Rifampicin (20 μM) increased CYP2E1 protein by 2.1 fold, while 10 μM bupropion minimally altered CYP2E1 protein (1.2 fold). Overall, results of this study suggest that multiple doses of bupropion are not likely to induce CYP2B6, 3A4 or 2E1 in‐vivo in man.
Design of combinational logic circuits for low power reversible logic circuits in quantum cellular automata

The circuits like Logic gates, Adders, Multipliers are the basic building block of the digital circuits. These combinational circuits can be designed by using the concepts of the reversible logic. The reversible logic is either a physically reversible or logically reversible. In this paper the combinational circuits are logically reversible. One of the applications of the reversible logic is Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA). QCA has attracted feature of extremely small feature size (at the molecular or even atomic scale) and its ultra-low power consumption, making it one candidate for replacing CMOS technology. Thus the design and realization of the Basic Logic gates and Combinational circuits like ripple carry adder, serial adder, multiplexer are done by using the concept of Quantum Cellular Automata. Also, the area and cost of the QCA system is reduced with the help of Coplanar architecture arrangement of cells. The paper is organized as follows; the section one gives the overall introduction about QCA, Clocking of QCA and Wires in QCA. Section two gives information about the basic logic gates. In Section three, design and Simulation of Combinational circuits like half adder, full adder, ripple carry adders and multipliers are discussed. At last the Comparison of Quantum cost of the above designs due to Coplanar architecture was elaborated.
Titan: Enabling large and complex benchmarks in academic CAD

Benchmarks play a key role in FPGA architecture and CAD research, enabling the quantitative comparison of tools and architectures. It is important that these benchmarks reflect modern designs which are large scale systems that make use of heterogeneous resources; however, most current FPGA benchmarks are both small and simple. In this paper we present Titan, a hybrid CAD flow that addresses these issues. The flow uses Altera's Quartus II FPGA CAD software to perform HDL synthesis and a conversion tool to translate the result into the academic BLIF format. Using this flow we created the Titan23 benchmark set, which consists of 23 large (90K-1.8M block) benchmark circuits covering a wide range of application domains. Using the Titan23 benchmarks and a detailed model of Altera's Stratix IV architecture we compared the performance and quality of VPR and Quartus II targeting the same architecture. We found that VPR is at least 2.7× slower, uses 5.1× more memory and 2.6× more wire compared to Quartus II. Finally, we identified that VPR's focus on achieving a dense packing is responsible for a large portion of the wire length gap.
Treatment Options for Bipolar Depression: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials

This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of treatments of bipolar depression. Trials were identified using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, http://www.clinicaltrials. gov, and Cochrane databases (1993 to July 2008). The outcome measures included mean change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) or Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) total scores, and rates of response and remission. Overall, 19 publications were included. Medications included quetiapine, lamotrigine, paroxetine, lithium, olanzapine, aripiprazole, phenelzine, and divalproex. The most trials were identified for quetiapine (5) and lamotrigine (6). Not all medications were associated with symptomatic improvement (significant reduction in MADRS/HAM-D total scores vs placebo), with lamotrigine, paroxetine, aripiprazole, and lithium not being different from placebo. Highest reductions in MADRS scores versus placebo were reported for the olanzapine-fluoxetine combination (1 trial: −6.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], −9.59 to −3.61; P = 0.000) and quetiapine monotherapy (5 trials: for 300 mg/d, −4.8; 95% CI, −6.18 to −3.49; P = 0.000; for 600 mg/d, −4.8; 95% CI, −6.22 to −3.28; P = 0.000), with quetiapine monotherapy also showing the highest reduction in HAM-D scores (4 trials: −4.0; 95% CI, −5.0 to −2.9; P = 0.000). All medications except paroxetine, lithium, aripiprazole, and phenelzine significantly improved the ratio of probabilities of response (overall rate, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.22-1.40) and remission (1.32; 95% CI, 1.20-1.45) versus placebo. Variability in efficacy exists between treatments of bipolar depression. Quetiapine and the olanzapine-fluoxetine combination showed the greatest symptomatic improvement. Efficacy considerations will need to be balanced against safety and tolerability of the individual agents.
SRAM read performance degradation under asymmetric NBTI and PBTI stress: Characterization vehicle and statistical aging data

Asymmetric BTI aging in circuit paths has shown to cause a time dependent shift in the signal's duty cycle, affecting the performance of circuits such as low power SRAMs whose operation rely on both the positive and negative edges of the clock signal. In this work, we propose the first known on-chip reliability monitor to accurately characterize the impact of asymmetric BTI on SRAM read speed. Statistical data collected from test chip built in a 32nm high-k metal-gate technology shows that (i) the average SRAM read frequency decreases with stress while its variation increases with stress and (ii) both μ and σ of read frequency shift follow a power law dependence on stress time. These observations point to the impact of SRAM peripheral circuit aging on read performance, and the utility of the proposed monitor for characterizing circuit level reliability concerns.
Making English their own: The use of ELF among students of English at the Free University of Berlin

This paper analyses the attitudes and motives of students studying English at the Freie Universitat Berlin (FUB) and suggests that changing opinions on national (US and UK) standards and the emergence of the ‘New Europe’ represent mutually reinforcing conditions of possibility for the deliberate adoption of a Europeanised English as a Lingua Franca (ELF). We present results from a sociolinguistic profile of students at the FUB which include a statistical analysis of questionnaires distributed to 101 students of English in July 2001; excerpts from student essays that reflect on the role of English in students’ lives; and in-depth interviews with five of these students (see further Erling 2004). Through statistical analysis, it became clear that there were certain clusters among students: a US-friendly cluster (54%), a pro-British cluster (13%) and a lingua franca cluster (34%). In this paper, the lingua franca cluster is considered in depth with an analysis of their descriptions of the challenges of making English ‘their own [. ] forcing it to submit to their own intentions and accents’ (Bakhtin 1981: 294). We also describe specific linguistic features of these students’ Englishes and compare them to other varieties of world Englishes. These findings suggest that these users are appropriating the language for their own purposes, asserting their identities through English and empowering themselves as owners of the language. With this in mind, pedagogical implications for teaching ELF at the university level are considered in the final section of the paper.
Speeding-up rao-blackwellized SLAM

Recently, Rao-Blackwellized particle filters have become a popular tool to solve the simultaneous localization and mapping problem. This technique applies a particle filter in which each particle carries an individual map of the environment. Accordingly, a key issue is to reduce the number of particles and/or to make use of compact map representations. This paper presents an approximative but highly efficient approach to mapping with Rao-Blackwellized particle filters. Moreover, it provides a compact map model. A key advantage is that the individual particles can share large parts of the model of the environment. Furthermore, they are able to re-use an already computed proposal distribution. Both techniques substantially speed up the overall process and reduce the memory requirements. Experimental results obtained with mobile robots in large-scale indoor environments and based on published, standard datasets illustrate the advantages of our methods over previous Rao-Blackwellized mapping approaches
SlidesGen: Automatic Generation of Presentation Slides for a Technical Paper Using Summarization

Presentations are one of the most common and effective ways of communicating the overview of a work to the audience. Given a technical paper, automatic generation of presentation slides reduces the effort of the presenter and helps in creating a structured summary of the paper. In this paper, we propose the framework of a novel system that does this task. Any paper that has an abstract and whose sections can be categorized under introduction, related work, model, experiments and conclusions can be given as input. As documents in L ATEX are rich in structural and semantic information we used them as input to our system. These documents are initially converted to XML format. This XML file is parsed and information in it is extracted. A query specific extractive summarizer has been used to generate slides. All graphical elements from the paper are made well use of by placing them at appropriate locations in the slides. These slides are presented in the document order.
Program Slicing

Program slicing is a method for automatically decomposing programs by analyzing their data flow and control flow. Starting from a subset of a program's behavior, slicing reduces that program to a minimal form which still produces that behavior. The reduced program, called a ``slice,'' is an independent program guaranteed to represent faithfully the original program within the domain of the specified subset of behavior. Some properties of slices are presented. In particular, finding statement-minimal slices is in general unsolvable, but using data flow analysis is sufficient to find approximate slices. Potential applications include automatic slicing tools for debuggng and parallel processing of slices.
Bordetella type III secretion induces caspase 1‐independent necrosis

The Bordetella bronchiseptica type III (TIII) secretion system induces cytotoxicity in infected macrophages and epithelial cells. In this report we characterize the cell death phenotype and compare it to the TIII‐dependent cytotoxicity induced by Yersinia enterocolitica and Shigella flexneri. Bordetella bronchiseptica strain RB58 was able to induce cell death in J774A.1 macrophages with the same efficiency as Shigella and Yersinia, but only B. bronchiseptica was able to kill epithelial cells in a TIII‐dependent manner. Primary macrophages from caspase 1–/– mice were susceptible to RB58‐mediated killing, suggesting that unlike Shigella and Salmonella, caspase 1 does not mediate cell death. RB58‐induced cytotoxicity was not inhibited by addition of the pan‐caspase inhibitor zVAD, and Western blot analyses of RB58‐infected HeLa cells indicated that neither caspase 3 nor 7 was cleaved and PARP remained in its full‐length active form. Morphologically the RB58‐infected HeLa cells resembled necrotic rather than apoptotic cells, exhibiting cytoplasmic swelling and extensive membrane blebbing in the absence of nuclear changes. The addition of exogenous glycine, which has been shown to prevent necrotic cell death by blocking non‐specific ion fluxes across the plasma membrane, blocked RB58‐induced cytotoxicity. Addition of cyclosporin A which prevents the opening of the mitochondrial permeability pore, had no effect on RB58‐infected cells. We conclude that the B. bronchiseptica TIII secretion system induces a mode of cell death consistent with necrosis that is distinct from that of Yersinia and Shigella.
Force and position control for electrohydraulic systems of A robotic excavator

In impedance control of hydraulic excavators the piston position and ram force of each hydraulic cylinder for the axis control of the boom, arm, and bucket can be determined. The problem is thus how to find the control voltage applied to the servovalves to track these commands to the hydraulic systems. This paper presents analytic, simulation and experimental results for controllers that have been developed in our laboratory to achieve force and position tracking of electrohydraulic systems of a robotic mini-excavator. The systems with hydraulic cylinders as actuators are represented by a comprehensive model taking into account friction, nonlinearities, and uncertainties A discontinuous observer is developed for estimating both piston velocity and disturbance three including friction. With an observer-based compensation for disturbance, tracking of the piston ram force and position is guaranteed using a robust sliding mode controller. The control signal consists of three components: equivalent control, switching control, and fuzzy control. High performance and strong robustness can be obtained as demonstrated by simulation and experiments performed on a hydraulically-actuated Komatsu PC05-7 robotic excavator Promising results are reported, and issues relating to future work are discussed.
Metamaterial-based sensor design working in infrared frequency range

In this paper, we propose the design of high sensitivity and selectivity metamaterial-based biosensors operating in the THz regime. The proposed sensors consist of planar array of resonant metallic structures, whose frequency response is modifled through the variation of the surrounding dielectric environment. We consider difierent resonator geometries, such as the squared, circular, asymmetrical, and omega ones, and the analysis of the biosensors is conducted through proper equivalent quasi-static analytical circuit models. The metallic particles are assumed deposited on a glass substrate through proper titanium adhesion layers. Exploiting the proposed analytical model, which is verifled through the comparison to full-wave numerical simulations, we study the biosensor resonance frequencies as a function of the geometric parameters of the individual inclusions. Finally, we optimize the structure in order to obtain high sensitivity and selectivity performances. The numerical results show that the proposed structures can be successfully applied as biosensors working in the THz region.
EXTRACTION OF BUILDING BOUNDARY LINES FROM AIRBORNELIDAR POINT CLOUDS

Abstract. Building boundary lines are important spatial features that characterize the topographic maps and three-dimensional (3D) city models. Airborne LiDAR Point clouds provide adequate 3D spatial information for building boundary mapping. However, information of boundary features contained in point clouds is implicit. This study focuses on developing an automatic algorithm of building boundary line extraction from airborne LiDAR data. In an airborne LiDAR dataset, top surfaces of buildings, such as roofs, tend to have densely distributed points, but vertical surfaces, such as walls, usually have sparsely distributed points or even no points. The intersection lines of roof and wall planes are, therefore, not clearly defined in point clouds. This paper proposes a novel method to extract those boundary lines of building edges. The extracted line features can be used as fundamental data to generate topographic maps of 3D city model for an urban area. The proposed method includes two major process steps. The first step is to extract building boundary points from point clouds. Then the second step is followed to form building boundary line features based on the extracted boundary points. In this step, a line fitting algorithm is developed to improve the edge extraction from LiDAR data. Eight test objects, including 4 simple low buildings and 4 complicated tall buildings, were selected from the buildings in NCKU campus. The test results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in extracting complicate building boundary lines. Some results which are not as good as expected suggest the need of further improvement of the method.
Estrogenic induction of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in human colon cancer cell lines

Objective. Cannabinoids are a class of compounds that have the ability to activate two specific receptor subtypes, the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. CB1 receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is linked to the signal transduction pathways. The cumulative effects of this receptor have important implications in the control of cell survival and cell death having the potential to regulate tumor cell growth. In this connection, interest has been focused on factors such as sex steroid hormones, which regulate CB1 receptor expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol exposure on the CB1 receptor gene and its protein expression in human primary tumor colon cancer cell lines, such as DLD-1, HT-29 and one lymph node metastatic cell line, SW620. Material and methods. CB1 gene expression was determined using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in DLD-1, HT-29 and SW620 cells treated at different times and doses of 17β-estradiol exposure. CB1 protein expression was detected by Western immunoblot. Results. 17β-estradiol induced CB1 gene expression in all the human colon cancer cells studied. The early induction of CB1 receptor mRNA in DLD-1 and SW620 cells was mediated by the estrogen receptor because the pure estrogen antagonist, ICI 182,780, was able to counteract this effect. Estrogenic induction of the CB1 receptor was also detectable at protein level in all cell types tested. Conclusions. The CB1 receptor can be considered an estrogen-responsive gene in DLD-1, HT-29 and SW620 cells. Up-regulation of CB1 expression by 17β-estradiol is a further mechanism of estrogens to control colon cancer proliferation.