Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Features in Metaphor Comprehension

The interaction theory of metaphor holds that a metaphor can cause emergence of features that are not associated with the topic or vehicle of the metaphor. We present 2 studies on emergent features. In the 1st study, using a production task, we found that over 60% of the features produced during metaphor processing are emergent features. We also found that giving explicit instructions to the participants to use imagery does not have any significant impact on the number of emergent features. In the 2nd experiment, we used response time as an indicator of the activation levels of emergent features. The emergent features require a longer response time than topic-only and vehicle-only features, when tested with topic or vehicle primes. When tested with the full metaphor as the prime, the topic-only and vehicle-only features gave long response times. But the emergent features did not change their duration from one prime condition to another. We suggest these results are consistent with the interaction theory of metaphor.
Model Selection for Convolutive ICA with an Application to Spatiotemporal Analysis of EEG

We present a new algorithm for maximum likelihood convolutive independent component analysis (ICA) in which components are unmixed using stable autoregressive filters determined implicitly by estimating a convolutive model of the mixing process. By introducing a convolutive mixing model for the components, we show how the order of the filters in the model can be correctly detected using Bayesian model selection. We demonstrate a framework for deconvolving a subspace of independent components in electroencephalography (EEG). Initial results suggest that in some cases, convolutive mixing may be a more realistic model for EEG signals than the instantaneous ICA model.
A Computerized Method for Assessing Anaerobic Power and Work Capacity Using Maximal Cycle Ergometry

The purpose of this project was to develop and evaluate the reliability of an automated technique to quantify anaerobic power and work capacity using a computerized data collection and interpretation system and maximal cycle ergometry. A mechanically braked cycle ergometer was modified and interfaced with a microcomputer. Software was designed to allow input of variables, control the collection of data, calculate selected measurements and provide a summary of the results of each testing session. Data obtained with the computer automated system and maximal cycle ergometry was used to establish stability reliability from scores on different days and internal consistency reliability from multiple trials on the same day. Internal consistency reliability was determined from data collected on subjects (N = 37) tested twice on the same day. The two trials for each subject were separated by 30 minutes of passive rest. Approximately two days later, subjects completed a third trial, which was used with the mean of the two previous trials to establish stability reliability. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) between trials for peak power, time to peak power, average power and fatigue rate. Intraclass coefficients revealed high internal consistency reliabilities (R = 0.97, 0.96) and stability reliabilities (R = 0.97, 0.94) for average power and peak power, respectively. Results indicate that this computer software and hardware system coupled with the modified Wingate test utilized in this study was a highly reliable instrument for measuring peak power and average power. Further research and development is needed to improve the measurement of time to peak power and fatigue rate.
Counting in the Jacobian of hyperelliptic curves: in the light of genus 2 curves for cryptography

With the drastic increase in the number and the use of handheld devices, – mobile phones and smart cards – light weight cryptography has come to the lime light. Elliptic and Hyperelliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC, HECC) are emerging as the best solutions for light weight cryptography. Like in any traditional cryptosystem, the size of the cipher-text space is a significant factor indicating the achievable security level. In the traditional systems, the size of the group on which the system is defined, defines the cipher-text space. Unlike the traditional ones, ECC and HECC are defined on the Jacobian of curves. Gaining knowledge about the size of the Jacobian is not straightforward and the computation is inefficient. Since the generic group order counting methods are incapable of counting in large groups of cryptographic size (2), special methods were devised for counting in the Jacobian of hyperelliptic curves, which are not yet fast enough for practical applications. In this thesis, we are bringing together the advances in group order counting and the special properties of genus 2 hyperelliptic curves. The Primorial method for group order counting is applied in a special interval where the group order is predicted to be. The resulting method provides an improvement factor of P φ(P ) , where P is the product of the first p primes and φ is Euler’s totient function. We will see that the value of p varies, depending on the expected size of the Jacobian. It will also be shown that the factor of improvement becomes larger when the size of the group gets larger.
The Ufm 1-cascade of C . elegans 1 The Ubiquitin-Fold Modifier 1 ( Ufm 1 )-Cascade of Caenorhabditis elegans

Background: The novel ubiquitin-like modifier (UBL) Ufm1 has essential functions in mammalian embryonic development. Results: The Ufm1-cascade in Caenorhabditis elegans is required for normal growth and development and is involved in cellular stress response. Conclusions: The C. elegans Ufm1-cascade is an antagonist of the unfolded protein response Significance: The C. elegans Ufm1-cascade offers a unique opportunity to understand the fundamentals underlining this UBL.
A support vector approach to the acoustic-to-articulatory mapping

We report work on mapping the acoustic speech signal, parametrized using Mel Frequency Cepstral Analysis, onto electromagnetic articulography trajectories from the MOCHA database. We employ the machine learning technique of Support Vector Regression, contrasting previous works that applied Neural Networks to the same task. Our results are comparable to those older attempts, even though, due to training time considerations, we use a much smaller training set, derived by means of clustering the acoustic data.
Improving handwriting without teaching handwriting: The consultative clinical reasoning process

Background and Aim: Children who have difficulty with handwriting are often referred for occupational therapy. This case report describes a dynamic intervention process and consultative relationship between an occupational therapist and physiotherapist, meeting the needs of an adolescent with handwriting problems. Methods and Results: Examples are given of the collaborative clinical reasoning process, problem-solving strategies, and ongoing adaptation of activities, materials, and equipment, leading to moderate improvement in handwriting and significant improvements in school reports and athletic competence, maintained for 6 years. Conclusion: Clinical decisions for selecting and modifying intervention techniques can be derived from assessment of occupational performance areas and performance components (underlying motor, sensory, and perceptual deficits interfering with the production of legible handwriting), within relevant performance contexts.
SmartP2P: A Multi-objective Framework for Finding Social Content in P2P Smartphone Networks

In this demonstration paper, we present a novel framework for searching objects (e.g., images, videos, etc.) captured by the users in a mobile social community. Our framework, is founded on an in-situ data storage model, where captured objects remain local on their owners smartphones and searches then take place over a novel lookup structure we compute dynamically. Initially, a query user invokes a search to find an object of interest. Our structure concurrently optimizes several conflicting objectives (i.e., it minimizes energy consumption, minimizes search delay and maximizes query recall), using a Multi-Objective Optimization approach and calculates a diverse set of high quality non-dominated Query Routing Trees (QRTs), in a single run. The optimal set is then forwarded to the query user (decision maker) to select a particular QRT to be searched based on instant requirements and preferences. To demonstrate the capabilities of SmartP2P during the conference, we will utilize our cloud of smartphone devices, i.e. the SmartLab testbed composed of 40+ Android smartphones and tablets, as well as mobility and social patterns derived by Microsofts Geolife project, DBLP and Pics n Trails. We will allow the attendees to use a real SmartLab Android device to query our local Smartphone Network using any of the four algorithmic choices provided by the SmartP2P framework. The query device will then be provided with the optimal QRTs and the attendees will be able to visually decide the optimal QRT to be searched. A P2P search on the Smartphone Network will follow making available to the query user the desired objects of interest, in an optimal manner. The conference attendees will be able to appreciate how social content can be efficiently shared with other attendees within close proximity without revealing their personal content to a centralized authority.
Direct Steam Generation with Dish Concentrators

This paper presents current research on Direct Steam Generation (DSG) by the Solar Thermal Group at ANU. It includes ongoing work on a transient model for a dish steam cavity receiver that is suitable for model-based control of DSG as well as reporting on the experimental set-up on a new 500m paraboloidal dish solar concentrator. A comparison of two transient models of a dish steam cavity receiver, one developed previously at the ANU with a new proposed model currently under development at the ANU Solar Thermal Group is presented. Both models are described and compared using a simulation using TRNSYS. A qualitative analysis is also included discussing the relative merits of each approach. In order to assess the thermal performance of the new 500 m dish, a steam receiver previously used in a 400m dish steam generation system is being re-instrumented and installed on the new dish. The rest of the 400m dish steam generation system is being assembled to work with the new 500m dish. The results of the first test of a Direct Steam Generation system on the SG4 dish are presented in this paper.
Improved AlGaN/GaN HEMTs using Fe doping

This work reports on using Fe modulation doped GaN to fabricate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs to avoid high dislocation density and conductive GaN buffer layers, limiting device performance. Structural characterization of these layers consisted on HRXRD, PL measurements, obtaining information about polarization fields, strain and charge densities. Moreover, Schottky diodes and U-shaped transistors were fabricated at ISOM with 1.3 and 0.3 /spl mu/m gate lengths. Maximum saturation currents and transconductances were above 1.2 A/mm and 290 mS/mm, respectively. Moreover, the effect of a AlN spacer led to higher electron density and mobility that in reference samples with higher Al content.
THE TRENDS HIGH-CONTRAST IMAGING SURVEY. III. A FAINT WHITE DWARF COMPANION ORBITING HD 114174

The nearby Sun-like star HD 114174 exhibits a strong and persistent Doppler acceleration indicating the presence of an unseen distant companion. We have acquired high-contrast imaging observations of this star using NIRC2 at Keck and report the direct detection of the body responsible for causing the “trend. ” HD 114174 B has a projected separation of 692 ± 9 mas (18.1 AU) and is 10.75 ± 0.12 mag (contrast of 5 × 10−5) fainter than its host in the K-band, requiring aggressive point-spread function subtraction to identify. Our astrometric time baseline of 1.4 yr demonstrates physical association through common proper motion. We find that the companion has absolute magnitude, MJ = 13.97 ± 0.11, and colors, J − K = 0.12 ± 0.16 mag. These characteristics are consistent with an ≈T3 dwarf, initially leading us to believe that HD 114174 B was a substellar object. However, a dynamical analysis that combines radial velocity measurements with available imaging data indicates a minimum mass of 0.260 ± 0.010 M☉. We conclude that HD 114174 B must be a white dwarf. Assuming a hydrogen-rich composition, atmospheric and evolutionary model fits yield an effective temperature Teff = 8200 ± 4000 K, surface gravity log g = 8.90 ± 0.02, and cooling age of tc ≈ 3.4 Gyr, which is consistent with the Gyr host star isochronal age estimate. HD 114174 B is a benchmark object located only 26.14 ± 0.37 pc from the Sun. It may be studied at a level of detail comparable to Sirius and Procyon, and used to understand the link between the mass of white dwarf remnants with that of their progenitors.
In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry and applications in the brain

Molecular oxygen (O2) is essential to brain function and mechanisms necessary to regulate variations in delivery or utilization of O2 are crucial to support normal brain homeostasis, physiology and energy metabolism. Any imbalance in cerebral tissue partial pressure of O2 (pO2) levels may lead to pathophysiological complications including increased reactive O2 species generation leading to oxidative stress when tissue O2 level is too high or too low. Accordingly, the need for oximetry methods, which assess cerebral pO2 in vivo and in real time, is imperative to understand the role of O2 in various metabolic and disease states, including the effects of treatment and therapy options. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the common in vivo oximetry methodologies for measuring cerebral pO2 . We discuss the advantages and limitations of oximetry methodologies to measure cerebral pO2 in vivo followed by a more in-depth review of electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry spectroscopy and imaging using several examples of current electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry applications in the brain.
Assessing the Structure of Self-concept: Evidence for Self-defensive Processes by Using a Sentence Priming Task

It was assumed that the definition of traits that are central to the individual self-concept is adapted to individual competencies (self-concept immunization), i.e., skills that individuals believe themselves to be good at are conceived as diagnostic whereas skills that individuals do not possess are considered as less diagnostic. The mental representation of traits was investigated by semantic priming. Targets were self-relevant traits whereas the primes described observable skills that were either semantically related to the target or not. Corresponding to the hypothesis, priming effects were observed for skills that participants believed themselves to possess and that were related to traits central to the self-concept. The pattern was reversed for participants with low self-esteem, thereby underscoring a coping-theoretical interpretation.
Manipulation of intestinal epithelial cell function by the cell contact-dependent type III secretion systems of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Vibrio parahaemolyticus elicits gastroenteritis by deploying Type III Secretion Systems (TTSS) to deliver effector proteins into epithelial cells of the human intestinal tract. The bacteria must adhere to the human cells to allow colonization and operation of the TTSS translocation apparatus bridging the bacterium and the host cell. This article first reviews recent advances in identifying the molecules responsible for intercellular adherence. V. parahaemolyticus possesses two TTSS, each of which delivers an exclusive set of effectors and mediates unique effects on the host cell. TTSS effectors primarily target and alter the activation status of host cell signaling proteins, thereby bringing about changes in the regulation of cellular behavior. TTSS1 is responsible for the cytotoxicity of V. parahaemolyticus, while TTSS2 is necessary for the enterotoxicity of the pathogen. Recent publications have elucidated the function of several TTSS effectors and their importance in the virulence of the bacterium. This review will explore the ability of the TTSS to manipulate activities of human intestinal cells and how this modification of cell function favors bacterial colonization and persistence of V. parahaemolyticus in the host.
COMPARING ADOLESCENT AND PARENT PERCEPTIONS OF CURRENT AND FUTURE DISAPPROVED INTERNET USE

The increasing availability and marketing of computer-and Internet-based activities have led parents and professionals to question their health impact and to seek best practices for monitoring adolescent and child involvement (Gross, Juvonen, & Gable, 2002). Studies examining different facets of child and adolescent computer and Internet involvement have provided contradictory information about the potential impact. A vast national and international research has focused on the total amount of time spent engaging in computer and Internet activities (Gross et al., 2002; Kaltiala-Heino, Lintonen, & Rimpela, 2004; Livingstone, Bober, & Helsper, 2005; Turow, 1999; Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2002). Findings have associated increased exposure to these resources to improved understanding of school-related concepts (Flynn, 1994; Li & Atkins, 2004), language (Edwards, 1992; Rocheleau, 1995), improved spatial skills (Subrahmanyam, Kraut, Greenfield, & Gross, 2000), a broadened social and support system (Dodge & Kitchin, 2001), increased memory (Li & Atkins, 2004), and increased online self-efficacy (Livingstone et al., 2005) among young children. However, researchers have also found that increased time on the computer or Internet is associated with increased antisocial behaviors (Mesch, 2001) and obesity (Holcomb, 2004; Stanger, & Gridina, 1999; Strauss, Rodzilsky, Burack, & Colin, 2001). Among adolescents, increased exposure has also been affiliated with increased sexual risk behavior (Wolak, Finkelhor, & Mitchell, 2004; Ybarra & Mitchell, 2004), social anxiety (Gross et al., 2002), depression (Seepersad, 2004; Ybarra, Leaf, & Diener-West, 2004), and increased trust for online materials viewed (Livingstone et al., 2005). Given that 55 percent of child and adolescent computer and Internet users report spending time in chat rooms, sending instant messages, and using email (with 39 percent of these activities spent talking to strangers), monitoring
Crystal structure of 4-[(E)-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H17N3O2, comprises three independent molecules (1, 2 and 3). In molecule 1, the dihedral angles between the pyrazolone ring and the pendant phenyl and hydroxybenzene rings are 54.43 (6) and 28.72 (6)°, respectively. The corresponding data for molecule 2 are 86.84 (6) and 25.69 (5)°, respectively, and for molecule 3 are 47.41 (7) and 17.09 (7)°, respectively. The three molecules feature an intramolecular C—H⋯O interaction, which closes an S(6) ring in each case. In the crystal, molecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which generate [100] chains incorporating all three asymmetric molecules. Two weak C—H⋯O interactions connect three independent molecules to each other along the c-axis direction.
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in carriage and disease: a difference in IgA1 protease activity levels.

CONTEXT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strains form part of the normal flora of the human upper respiratory tract but are also implicated in a wide range of diseases. Infections caused by nontypeable H influenzae are major health and socioeconomic burdens. No single bacterial trait has been associated with disease as opposed to colonization. OBJECTIVES To compare IgA1 protease activity in nontypeable H influenzae strains isolated from patients with symptomatic Haemophilus infection (sputum, cerebrospinal fluid, blood, or normally sterile tissue) vs strains from throat swabs of asymptomatic carriers and to compare iga gene carriage and variability in nontypeable H influenzae strains. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective study of 63 strains (44 clinical and 19 carriage) collected between 1991 and 2000 and maintained at the Public Health Laboratory, Gwynedd General Hospital, Bangor, Wales. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Levels of IgA1 protease activity produced by carriage strains and clinical isolates from symptomatic patients; the determination of the size and sequence of a variable region of the iga gene. RESULTS Bacterial IgA1 protease activity was significantly higher (P<.001) in strains isolated from sputum, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or normally sterile tissue of symptomatic individuals (median, 155 mU; interquartile range [IQR], 80-220 mU; mean, 169 mU; 95% confidence interval [CI], 126-211 mU) than in those isolated from throat swabs of asymptomatic carriers (median, 30 mU; IQR, 15-90 mU; mean, 56 mU; 95% CI, 26-86 mU; assayed on secretory IgA). The iga gene was detected in 97% of all strains examined. Variations in the sizes and sequences of part of the iga genes were also apparent. This variable region encodes a polypeptide linker connecting the protease domain to the beta-core autotranslocator, a porelike structure required for secretion of the protease. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal the importance of iga gene variability and expression levels in the establishment of disease phenotype. They identify nontypeable H influenzae IgA1 protease as a virulence factor and as a potential target for the development of new strategies to fight these important pathogens.
Biological Citizenship Reconsidered

In recent years, there has been an intense debate about the concept of “biological” or “genetic citizenship. ” The growing literature on this topic mostly refers to the importance of patients’ associations, disease advocacy organizations, and self-help groups that are giving rise to new forms of subjectivation and collective action. The focus is on the extension of rights, the emergence of new possibilities of participation, and the choice-enhancing options of the new genetics. However, this perspective tends to neglect the potential for exclusion and restriction of citizenship rights based on biological traits. We aim to broaden and complement the existing theoretical discussion on biological citizenship, which so far has concentrated on the medical sphere, by investigating a new empirical field. The article analyzes the use of DNA analysis for family reunification and shows that biological criteria still play an important role in decision making on citizenship rights in nation-states. Presenting Germany as an exemplary case, we argue that the use of parental testing endorses a biological concept of the family that is mobilized to diminish citizenship rights. The argument is based on documentary analysis and on interviews with representatives of nongovernmental organizations and immigration authorities, lawyers, geneticists, and applicants for family reunification.
Same-Sex Marriage Revived: Feminist Critique and Legal Strategy

In June 2003 the UK government published proposals for a civil partnership registration scheme for same-sex couples that would confer almost all the legal rights and responsibilities of marriage. The paper discusses its provisions in the context of the debates on same-sex marriage over the past decade and argues that they hardly represent any advance on existing rights and that same-sex marriage will inevitably be won in the UK. The author herself is unenthusiastic about marriage, and concludes that lesbians and gay men should not let themselves be assimilated into a heterosexual model, but should draw attention to the potential for our relationships to act as better models for all relationships, inside or outside marriage.