Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying a Double-Energy-Level Trap Center in a GaN HEMT by Performing Three-Stage Pulse Measurements

The results of measurements performed on a GaN high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) by two different pulse-measurement techniques are presented. By performing two-stage pulse measurements, two distinct current-injection mechanisms responsible for triggering the trapping process are identified. By performing three-stage pulse measurements, the trap center at which the trapping process occurs is identified to be a double-energy-level trap center, which is a trap center with two distinct energy levels between which there is an interaction. This result has a significant impact on the design of more accurate large signal models for GaN HEMTs.
Transferrin receptor mRNA interactions contributing to iron homeostasis

The transferrin receptor is the primary means of iron importation for most mammalian cells and understanding its regulatory mechanisms is relevant to hematologic, oncologic, and other disorders in which iron homeostasis is perturbed. The 3′ UTR of the transferrin receptor mRNA contains an instability element that is protected from degradation during iron depletion through interactions of iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) with five iron-responsive elements (IREs). The structural features required for degradation and the site of IRP binding required for in situ protection remain unclear. An RNA-CLIP strategy is described here that identifies the predominant site of IRP-1 interaction within a nontransformed primary cell line. This approach avoided complications associated with the use of elevated concentrations of protein and/or mRNA and detected interactions within the native environment of the mRNA. A compensatory mutagenesis strategy indicates that the instability element at minimum consists of three non-IRE stem–loops that can function additively, suggesting that they are not forming one highly interdependent structure. Although the IREs are not essential for instability, they enhance instability when IRP interactions are inhibited. These results are supportive of a mechanism for a graded response to the intracellular iron resulting from a progressive loss of IRP protection.
Responsiveness of the Numeric Pain Rating Scale in Patients with Low Back Pain

Study Design. Cohort study of patients with low back pain (LBP) receiving physical therapy. Objective. To examine the responsiveness characteristics of the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS) in patients with LBP using a variety of methods. Summary of Background Data. Although several studies have assessed the reliability and validity of the NPRS, few studies have characterized its responsiveness in patients with LBP. Methods. Determination of change on the NPRS during 1 and 4 weeks was examined by calculating mean change, standardized effect size, Guyatt Responsiveness Index, area under a receiver operating characteristic curve, minimum clinically important difference, and minimum detectable change. Change in the NPRS from baseline to the 1 and 4-week follow-up was compared to the average of the patient and therapist’s perceived improvement using the 15-point Global Rating of Change scale. Results. The majority of patients had clinically meaningful improvement after both 1 and 4 weeks of rehabilitation. The standard error of measure was equal to 1.02, corresponding to a minimum detectable change of 2 points. The area under the curve at the 1 and 4-week follow-up was 0.72 (0.62, 0.81) and 0.92 (0.86, 0.97), respectively. The minimum clinically important difference at the 1 and 4-week follow-up corresponded to a change of 2.2 and 1.5 points, respectively. Conclusions. Clinicians can be confident that a 2-point change on the NPRS represents clinically meaningful change that exceeds the bounds of measurement error.
Arts for health.

Across the nation, the arts are an integral component of healthcare. Creative arts therapists participating as members of multidisciplinary treatment teams and partnerships between artists and health professionals demonstrate tangible benefits, including improved outcomes, reduced costs, and enriched care environments. This document provides evidence that supports successful creative arts therapies and arts in healthcare programs and encourages growth of these programs to improve our country’s health and wellness.
Prediction of tissular body composition from protein and lipid deposition in growing pigs.

Tissular and chemical body composition were measured for 85 pigs that were serially slaughtered between 15 and 110 kg BW and considered lean (boars from a Synthetic Line and the Piétrain breed), conventional (boars, gilts, and barrows from the Large White breed), or obese (Meishan barrows). These six groups were expected to be quite different with regard to their body composition. Tissular body composition was predicted from chemical body composition, according to nonlinear regression models. Common relationships were obtained for lean and conventional pigs (Group effect: P > .05). Empty body weight and the weight of adipose tissues were predicted directly from the amounts of body protein and lipid, whereas for estimation of weights of carcass, muscle, and lean, the prediction was improved when the weight of offals (visceral organs and blood) was also included in the model. Validation of prediction models on literature data indicated good agreement between calculated and measured values (R2 > .90). These relationships were not applicable to Meishan barrows. In pig growth modeling approaches, proposed equations can be used in order to predict the tissular composition of body weight gain and commercial value at slaughter.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Tramadol as an Adjuvant to Intrathecal Isobaric Levobupivacaine for Elective Infraumbilical Surgeries

Background: Long-acting local anesthetics are used in subarachnoid block to increase the duration of anesthesia. Adjuvants are added to improve the duration of analgesia. Settings: Randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Department of Anesthesiology in a tertiary care hospital.Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose tramadol as an intrathecal adjuvant to levobupivacaine in terms of duration of analgesia, onset of sensory blockade, onset of motor blockade, and duration of motor blockade. Methodology: After obtaining the Institutional Ethics Committee approval and informed consent, sixty patients posted for infraumbilical surgeries were recruited. Randomization was done using a sealed envelope technique. Patients were divided into two groups: LT received 3 ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine with tramadol 10 mg (0.2 ml) and LS received 3 ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine with 0.2 ml of normal saline. Duration of analgesia, onset of sensory blockade, and onset and duration of motor blockade were recorded. Results: There was no statistical difference in demographic data between the two groups. The mean onset time of sensory blockade in Group LS was 12.7 ± 9.81 min and for Group LT was 12.9 ± 0.81 min, which was not statistically significant between two groups (P = 0.93). The mean onset time of motor blockade in Group LS was 13.4 ± 10 min and for Group LT was 14.4 ± 10 min, which was no statistically significant between the two groups (P = 0.71). The mean time duration of analgesia in Group LS was 170.3 ± 59 min and for LT was 198.9 ± 57.33 min. There was mild prolongation of analgesia in Group LT, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.0615). The mean duration of motor blockade in Group LS was 170.23 ± 58 min and Group LT was 190.76 ± 4 min, which was not statistically significant between the two groups (P = 0.14). Conclusion: Low-dose tramadol as an adjuvant to isobaric intrathecal levobupivacaine does not prolong analgesia significantly.
Evaluation of a New Etest for Detecting Metallo-β-Lactamases in Routine Clinical Testing

ABSTRACT Several Etest (AB BIODISK, Solna, Sweden) gradient formats were developed for detection of metallo-β-lactamases based on the reduction of imipenem (IP) or ceftazidime (TZ) MICs in the presence of EDTA or 2-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). The Etest metallo-β-lactamase (Etest MBL) strips consisted of a double-sided seven-dilution range of IP or TZ (4 to 256 μg/ml) and IP or TZ (1 to 64 μg/ml) overlaid with a constant concentration of EDTA or MPA. The prototype strips were evaluated on several agar media (brain heart infusion agar, Isosensitest agar, nutrient agar, and Mueller-Hinton agar for aerobes and brucella blood agar for anaerobes) with 138 challenge strains: Acinetobacter spp. (n = 9), Aeromonas spp. (n = 8), Chryseobacterium spp. (n = 28), Escherichia coli (n = 1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 14), Proteus mirabilis (n = 3), Serratia spp. (n = 10), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 43), Sphingobacterium spp. (n = 3), and Bacteroides fragilis group (n = 15). PCR analysis using specific primers for IMP-1, L1, CcrA, and blaB/C confirmed the presence of the metallo-β-lactamase genes. Enzyme assays were also performed with IP as an indicator substrate followed by EDTA inhibition profiles. EDTA was found to be a better inhibitor of metallo-β-lactamases, especially for anaerobes. IP was a better than TZ. Mueller-Hinton agar was the preferred medium, particularly when compared to Isosensitest agar, which frequently produced falsely low MICs for IP. Etest IP plus IP-EDTA with Mueller-Hinton agar had a sensitivity of 94% (79 of 84) and specificity of 95% (124 of 130). The Etest MBL strip appears to be an acceptable diagnostic reagent to detect metallo-β-lactamase phenotypes in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
Power Allocation for Decode-and-Forward Relay in Gateway Channels

In this paper, we consider a gateway channel, in which multiple source nodes serve their destination nodes with an aid of a single relay node, and propose power allocation schemes at the relay node to maximize the sum rate. After receiving the signals from the source nodes, the relay node broadcasts the decoded messages to the destination nodes, using zero-forcing beamforming and a proper power allocation. For the power allocation, the relay node should consider not only the channel conditions to the destination nodes, but also the message rates from the source nodes, which are the destination nodes' maximum achievable rates. To develop an efficient power allocation strategy with quantized channel state information (CSI), we first assume perfect CSI at the relay node and find the optimal power allocation scheme named as ceiled waterfilling. Then, we modify the ceiled waterfilling taking into account the effects of the quantization errors and develop an iterative power allocation algorithm with quantized CSI. Our numerical results show that our proposed power allocation scheme considerably increases the sum rate with respect to the naive equal power allocation at the relay node in the gateway channel for all limited feedback scenarios.
High‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging of fixed brain in a mouse model of Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease: comparison with quantitative measures of white matter pathology

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful technique for the noninvasive assessment of the central nervous system. To facilitate the application of this technique to in vivo studies, we characterised a mouse model of the leukodystrophy, Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD), comparing high‐resolution ex vivo DTI findings with quantitative histological analysis of selected areas of the brain. The mice used in this study (Plp1‐transgenic) carry transgenic copies of the Plp1 gene and are models for PMD as a result of gene duplication. Plp1 transgenic mice display a mild ataxia and experience frequent seizures around the time at which they were imaged. Axial (λ1) and radial (RD) diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) data were analysed using an exploratory whole‐brain voxel‐based method, a voxel‐based approach using tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS), and by application of conventional region of interest (ROI) analyses to selected white matter tracts. Raw t value maps and TBSS analyses indicated widespread changes throughout the brain of Plp1‐transgenic mice compared with the wild‐type. ROI analyses of the corpus callosum, anterior commissure and hippocampal fimbria showed that FA was reduced significantly, whereas λ1 and RD were increased significantly, in Plp1‐transgenic mice compared with the wild‐type. The DTI data derived from ROI analyses were subsequently compared with histological measures taken in the same regions. These revealed an almost complete absence of myelin, preservation of axons, marked astrocytosis and increased or unchanged cell densities. These data contribute to our growing understanding of the basis of anisotropic water diffusion in the normal and diseased nervous system. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new configuration of the Zeiss LSM 510 for simultaneous optical separation of green and red fluorescent protein pairs

The power and simplicity of genetically encoded fluorophores (fluorescent proteins, FPs) have drawn many molecular biologists to light microscopy. First generation FPs suffered from overlapping excitation and emission spectra, which limited their use together in pairs (Patterson et al., J Cell Sci 2001;114 (Part 5):837–838). Image acquisition and processing techniques, collectively known as linear unmixing, have been developed to separate overlapping fluorescence signals encountered in the imaging of FP pairs and also in FRET. These specialized techniques are not without their potential drawbacks, including limitations on sensitivity and time‐resolution for live cell imaging, and the risk of artifact in the hands of nonspecialists. With the advent of a new generation of red‐shifted FPs (Shaner et al., Nat Biotechnol 2004;22:1567–1572; Verkhusha and Lukyanov, Nat Biotechnol 2004;22:289–296) careful selection of excitation sources and emission filters obviate the need for linear unmixing when simple two channel imaging of FPs is required. Here we introduce a new configuration of the Zeiss LSM 510 laser scanning confocal microscope, optimized for live cell imaging of green fluorescent protein (GFP) together with spectral variants such as mRFP1 and mCherry using standard photo‐multipliers. A 2 mW, 594 nm HeNe laser was chosen as the excitation source for the red FP. This wavelength efficiently excites the aforementioned red variants without limiting the detection range of GFP emission during simultaneous two‐channel imaging. Compared to excitation of GFP and mCherry at 488 and 543 nm, excitation at 488 and 594 nm approximately doubles the sensitivity of GFP detection and eliminates bleed‐through of GFP into the mCherry channel. However, sensitivity of mCherry detection is decreased by 30%, suggesting the need for red FPs having longer emission peaks. Practical advantages to the simultaneous optical separation of FPs with nonoverlapping emission spectra include simplicity, robustness, reduced risk of artifact, and increased sensitivity during live cell imaging. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology
Cyclin D1 and E2F‐1 immunoreactivity in bone marrow biopsy specimens of multiple myeloma: relationship to proliferative activity, cytogenetic abnormalities and DNA ploidy

Cyclin D1, encoded by the CCND1 gene, is immunohistochemically detectable in up to one‐third of cases of multiple myeloma (MM). To examine the mechanism of cyclin D1 overexpression, we compared cyclin D1 immunoreactivity with the results of conventional cytogenetics to determine if the t(11;14)(q13;q32) or other abnormalities of 11q11–14 explained cyclin D1 overexpression. Karyotypic abnormalities were found in 45 out of 67 (67%) MM cases; the t(11;14) was present in seven cases (10%). Additional 11q11–14 abnormalities were not identified. The t(11;14) correlated with cyclin D1 upregulation in low to intermediately proliferative MM, but was not present in highly proliferative tumours (assessed using bromodeoxyuridine labelling index). Cyclin D1 indirectly activates the transcription factor E2F‐1. In the bone marrow biopsy specimens of MM cases, E2F‐1 was concurrently expressed with cyclin D1 (P = 0·001), indicating that cyclin D1 is functional. However, as neither E2F‐1 nor cyclin D1 expression correlated with proliferative activity, the speculation that t(11;14) upregulates the CCND1 gene to induce higher proliferation and possibly more aggressive disease is not supported. We conclude that in low to intermediately proliferative MM cases, cyclin D1 is probably upregulated by t(11;14), but an alternative mechanism is more probable in highly proliferative MM.
Age patterns and sex ratios of adult mortality in countries with high HIV prevalence

Objective: To compare the 2016 United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) modelled estimates of adult mortality in sub-Saharan Africa to empirical estimates. Design: Age-specific mortality rates were obtained from nationally representative sibling survival data, recent household deaths and vital registration, and directly compared with UNAIDS estimates. Orphanhood prevalence derived from UNAIDS mortality estimates was compared with survey and census reports on the survival of children's parents. Methods: Age-specific mortality rates for adults aged 15–59 years were calculated from Demographic and Health Surveys and deaths reported in censuses or vital registration, adjusted for underreporting, whenever possible. Proportions of orphans were extracted from censuses and surveys for children aged 5–9 years. Results: UNAIDS estimates were significantly higher than sibling mortality estimates, except among men in countries with very high HIV prevalence. There was a better agreement between rates based on household deaths or vital registration and model outputs. Sex ratios (M/F) of adult mortality were lower in UNAIDS estimates. The modelled orphan prevalence was significantly higher than in surveys and censuses, again with the exception of paternal orphans in countries with very high HIV prevalence. Ratios of paternal-to-maternal orphans were lower in the UNAIDS model than surveys and censuses. Among women, increases in mortality due to AIDS were more concentrated in the age range 25–50 years in model outputs, as compared with empirical estimates. Conclusion: Discrepancies in levels, sex ratios and age patterns of adult mortality between empirical and UNAIDS estimates call for additional data quality assessments and improvements in estimation methods.
The 'True' Private School Effect Using PISA 2012-Mathematics: Evidence from 40 Countries

It is known that in most countries, students of private schools outperform students in public schools in international assessments. However, the empirical literature recognizes that assessing the true effect of private school attendance requires addressing selection and sorting issues on both observables and unobservables. The existing empirical evidence on the private school effect mostly covers OECD and Latin American countries, with little evidence on other parts of the world. There is recent emerging country specific evidence doubting the existence of a private school advantage. I use PISA 2012 data for Mathematics and two different methodologies to derive bias-corrected estimates of the “true” private-dependent and independent school effect for 40 countries. A robust private school advantage if found only in a handful of countries. Public schools perform equally well as private subsidized schools and outperform independent schools. Accounting for both peer effects and selection is necessary when evaluating school effectiveness, especially in the case of independent schools.
A decision support engine: Heuristic review analysis on information extraction system and mining comparable objects from comparable concepts (Decision support engine)

Decision making involves comparing solution with each other in Decision support but it also necessary recommend which objects are comparable and in what way. This is challenging Question in data and knowledge processing, which urges for better pattern mining. Today's web is web of document where we find reviews, complaints, feedbacks posted on blogs, e-commerce websites and social networks which are rich source of knowledge for pattern mining. Research presents analyzing comparable question and then extraction of information for two objects as comparable and if not recommendation on objects comparable, if comparable answers. We propose a Decision support Engine that Answers queries asked by finding comparable objects if not comparable identifying user search intent find comparable object and answer with key values comparing them. Current state of art research system check if objects are comparable if not they don't provide recommendation to user for comparable objects. Supervised methods are limited to set of input and expected output, whereas unsupervised system output at times is false positive. In order to overcome this limitation semi-supervised methodology is used to develop algorithm for mining. This article is outcome of Methodical summary of literature on current research scope in data mining and NLP. Precisely it is analysis on abstract methodology and research scope on 24 appropriate manuscripts retrieved as per our research domain. The search contributes to field of Information retrieval and web search by solving five Research Question and major issues and challenges with procedures. Types of patterns that have been extracted in previous approaches with new learned method to extract complex patterns. In General review consequences demonstrate as many scholars have worked on pattern mining and decision support system there is need of precision and accuracy in pattern mining. Evaluation of research needs to be tested with various parameters this research evaluates decision engine with Mean average precision (MAP) and feedback rating of user to answers produced by decision engine, with regular evaluation of precision and recall.