Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Glycol and Acrylamide Treatments of Jute Fibre on its Processibility

ABSTRACT Changes in textile-related properties of jute fibre subjected to (a) controlled/limited oxidation using K2S2O8 and/or NaIO4 and subsequently to (b) treatment with monomeric/oligomeric glycols and with acrylamide under specified condition were studied and reported in our earlier communication. In the present part of the work, the process performances of the chemically modified jute fibres obtained from the above mentioned treatments were further studied to assess their process performance during yarn making, including spinnability and property performance of the resultant yarns. Studies on process performance for yarn making, including spinnability, indicate that the specified treatment with a mixture of 4% PEG 1500 and 4% acrylamide and also with 8% ethylene glycol on jute fibre presoaked with 0.5% K2S2O8 produced a better process performance, showing net advantages in respect of (1) improved energy efficiency and lower fibre droppage during carding, (2) trouble free spinning (zero to low-end breakage rate), (3) better yarn structure (showing enhanced packing fraction and lower structural irregularities), and (4) improved balance in important yarn properties viz, tenacity, initial modulus, flexural rigidity, quality ratio, work of rupture, and resistance to microbial attack.
Building the IBM 4758 Secure Coprocessor

Meeting the challenge of building a user-configurable secure coprocessor provided several lessons in hardware and software development and continues to spur further research. In developing the 4758, we met our major research security goals and provided the following features: (1) a lifetime-secure tamper-responding device, rather than one that is secure only between resets that deployment-specific security officers perform; (2) a secure booting process in which each layer progressively validates the next less-trusted layer, with hardware restricting access to its secrets before passing control to that layer; (3) an actual manufacturable product - a nontrivial accomplishment considering that we designed the device so that it does not have a personality until configured in the field; (4) the first FIPS 140-1 Level 4 validation, arguably the only general-purpose computational platform validated at this level so far; and (5) a multipurpose programmable device based on a 99-MHz 486 CPU internal environment, with a real operating system, a C language development environment and relatively high-speed cryptography.
A Review of the Condition Monitoring of Capacitors in Power Electronic Converters

Capacitors are one type of reliability-critical components in power electronic systems. In the last two decades, many efforts in academic research have been devoted to the condition monitoring of capacitors to estimate their health status. Industry applications are demanding more reliable power electronics products with preventive maintenance. Nevertheless, most of the developed capacitor condition monitoring technologies are rarely adopted by industry due to the complexity, increased cost, and other relevant issues. An overview of the prior-art research in this area is therefore needed to justify the required resources and the corresponding performance of each key method. It serves to provide a guideline for industry to evaluate the available solutions by technology benchmarking, as well as to advance the academic research by discussing the history development and the future opportunities. Therefore, this paper first classifies the capacitor condition monitoring methods into three categories, then the respective technology evolution in the last two decades is summarized. Finally, the state-of-the-art research and the future opportunities targeting for industry applications are given.
Modeling the Emergence of Contact Languages

Contact languages are born out of the non-trivial interaction of two (or more) parent languages. Nowadays, the enhanced possibility of mobility and communication allows for a strong mixing of languages and cultures, thus raising the issue of whether there are any pure languages or cultures that are unaffected by contact with others. As with bacteria or viruses in biological evolution, the evolution of languages is marked by horizontal transmission; but to date no reliable quantitative tools to investigate these phenomena have been available. An interesting and well documented example of contact language is the emergence of creole languages, which originated in the contacts of European colonists and slaves during the 17th and 18th centuries in exogenous plantation colonies of especially the Atlantic and Indian Ocean. Here, we focus on the emergence of creole languages to demonstrate a dynamical process that mimics the process of creole formation in American and Caribbean plantation ecologies. Inspired by the Naming Game (NG), our modeling scheme incorporates demographic information about the colonial population in the framework of a non-trivial interaction network including three populations: Europeans, Mulattos/Creoles, and Bozal slaves. We show how this sole information makes it possible to discriminate territories that produced modern creoles from those that did not, with a surprising accuracy. The generality of our approach provides valuable insights for further studies on the emergence of languages in contact ecologies as well as to test specific hypotheses about the peopling and the population structures of the relevant territories. We submit that these tools could be relevant to addressing problems related to contact phenomena in many cultural domains: e.g., emergence of dialects, language competition and hybridization, globalization phenomena.
Secure-TWS: Authenticating node to multi-user communication in shared sensor networks

Recent works have shown the usefulness of network and application layer protocols that connect low power sensor nodes directly to multiple applications and users on the Internet. We propose a security solution for this scenario. While previous works have provided security support for various communication patterns in sensor networks, such as among nodes, from nodes to a base station, and from users to nodes, the security of communication from sensor nodes to multiple users has not been sufficiently addressed. Specifically, we explore this design space and develop a security solution, named Secure-TWS, for efficient authentication of data sent by a resource constrained sensor node to multiple users, using digital signatures. We investigate the resource overheads in communication and computation for two most suitable signature schemes - the Elliptic Curve Digital Algorithm (ECDSA) and the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) short signature schemes. We implement these schemes on two popular sensor node architectures (based onMSP430 and ARM processors with 802.15.4 radios) and experimentally characterize relevant trade-offs.
Comparative Assessment of Genetic and Morphological Variation at an Extensive Hybrid Zone between Two Wild Cats in Southern Brazil

Increased attention towards the Neotropical cats Leopardus guttulus and L. geoffroyi was prompted after genetic studies identified the occurrence of extensive hybridization between them at their geographic contact zone in southern Brazil. This is a region where two biomes intersect, each of which is associated with one of the hybridizing species (Atlantic Forest with L. guttulus and Pampas with L. geoffroyi). In this study, we conducted in-depth analyses of multiple molecular markers aiming to characterize the magnitude and spatial structure of this hybrid zone. We also performed a morphological assessment of these species, aiming to test their phenotypic differentiation at the contact zone, as well as the correlation between morphological features and the admixture status of the individuals. We found strong evidence for extensive and complex hybridization, with at least 40% of the individuals sampled in Rio Grande do Sul state (southernmost Brazil) identified as hybrids resulting from post-F1 generations. Despite such a high level of hybridization, samples collected in this state still comprised two recognizable clusters (genetically and morphologically). Genetically pure individuals were sampled mainly in regions farther from the contact zone, while hybrids concentrated in a central region (exactly at the interface between the two biomes). The morphological data set also revealed a strong spatial structure, which was correlated with the molecular results but displayed an even more marked separation between the clusters. Hybrids often did not present intermediate body sizes and could not be clearly distinguished morphologically from the parental forms. This observation suggests that some selective pressure may be acting on the hybrids, limiting their dispersal away from the hybrid zone and perhaps favoring genomic combinations that maintain adaptive phenotypic features of one or the other parental species.
Interface Matching and Combining Techniques for Services Integration

The development of many highly dynamic environments, like pervasive environments, introduces the possibility to use geographically close-related services. Dynamically integrating and unintegrating these services in running applications is a key challenge for this use. In this article, we classify service integration issues according to interfaces exported by services and internal combining techniques. We also propose a contextual integration service, IntegServ, and an interface, Integrable, for developing services.
An immunohistochemical study of the neuropeptidergic bag cells of Aplysia

The bag cell neurosecretory system of Aplysia californica synthesizes and releases a neuropeptide, the egg-laying hormone (ELH), which can induce egg-laying behavior. While ELH acts as a neurohormone on distant neuronal and non-neuronal targets, it also can moderate the electrical activity of neurons within the abdominal ganglion. Using antibodies generated against pure ELH, our immunohistochemical study provides direct morphological support for this dual function of ELH by defining the distribution of this neuropeptide within the abdominal ganglion of A. californica. We also find ELH cross-reactivity in the bag cell systems of three other species of Aplysia. In sections of abdominal ganglia stained for ELH by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, bag cell clusters were found to be homogeneous populations of ELH- immunoreactive neurons, extending processes in a complex array within the connective tissue sheath overlying the ganglion and the proximal regions of neighboring nerves. This association of neurites with the sheath is the neurohemal organ which facilitates release of ELH into circulating hemolymph. Stained processes also invade the interior of the ganglion in association with septal sheets of connective tissue and as scattered fibers in the neuropil. Local modulation by ELH probably occurs through release from these intraganglionic sites. A few ELH- positive ectopic cells were seen outside of the confines of the bag cell clusters as far displaced as the base of the branchial nerve; they appear to be bag cells which have mis-migrated during development. Specificity of the antiserum was confirmed by the total lack of staining of all other neurons within the abdominal ganglion as well as the absence of staining of bag cells with pre-immune serum. Although th ELHs of Aplysia vaccaria, Aplysia braziliana, and Aplysia dactylomela have not been characterized biochemically, it is known that abdominal ganglion extracts from A. californica can induce egg laying in all three species. We find that antiserum against A. californica ELH stains the bag cell systems of A. vaccaria, A. braziliana, and A. dactylomela and not other parts of their abdominal ganglia. It is likely that this staining represents cross-immunoreactivity of the egg-laying neurohormones from these species which also share cross-bioactivity.
High-speed and reliable object recognition using distinctive 3-D vector-pairs in a range image

We propose a high-speed 3-D object detection method that can recognize the position and pose of objects in complicated scenes consisting of randomly stacked objects. The method's main feature is that a set of distinctive 3-D vector pairs, each of which consists of three different 3-D points, is used for matching objects with an acquired range image. Such distinctive vector pairs represent the local shape of an object, and are extracted by calculating the occurrence probability of each 3-D vector pair in a model object. A vector pair with a low occurrence probability means that it is distinctive not only in a model but also in an acquired image. Therefore, the method is expected to avoid false matching even if there are similar objects around the target object. It also substantially reduces processing time because the number of vector pairs is much smaller than all the data points of the object model. Experiments confirm that in comparison with the Spin Image method, the proposed method is about 60 times faster and increases the recognition success rate from 62.0% to 94.6%.
Predicting Road Conditions with Internet Search

Traffic congestion is an important problem both on an individual and on a societal level and much research has been done to explain and prevent their emergence. There are currently many systems which provide a reasonably good picture of actual road traffic by employing either fixed measurement points on highways or so called “floating car data” i.e. by using velocity and location data from roaming, networked, GPS enabled members of traffic. Some of these systems also offer forecasting of road conditions based on such historical data. To my knowledge there is as yet no system which offers advance notice on road conditions based on a signal which is guaranteed to occur in advance of these conditions and this is the novelty of this paper. Google Search intensity for the German word stau (i.e. traffic jam) peaks 2 hours ahead of the number of traffic jam reports as reported by the ADAC, a well known German automobile club and the largest of its kind in Europe. This is true both in the morning (7 am to 9 am) and in the evening (4 pm to 6 pm). The main result of this paper is then that after controlling for time-of-day and day-of-week effects we can still explain a significant additional portion of the variation of the number of traffic jam reports with Google Trends and we can thus explain well over 80% of the variation of road conditions using Google search activity. A one percent increase in Google stau searches implies a . 4 percent increase of traffic jams. Our paper is a proof of concept that aggregate, timely delivered behavioural data can help fine tune modern societies and prompts for more research with better, more disaggregated data in order to also achieve practical solutions.
Is socioeconomic status associated with dietary sodium intake in Australian children? A cross-sectional study

Objective To assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and dietary sodium intake, and to identify if the major dietary sources of sodium differ by socioeconomic group in a nationally representative sample of Australian children. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Participants A total of 4487 children aged 2–16 years completed all components of the survey. Primary and secondary outcome measures Sodium intake was determined via one 24 h dietary recall. The population proportion formula was used to identify the major sources of dietary salt. SES was defined by the level of education attained by the primary carer. In addition, parental income was used as a secondary indicator of SES. Results Dietary sodium intake of children of low SES background was 2576 (SEM 42) mg/day (salt equivalent 6.6 (0.1) g/day), which was greater than that of children of high SES background 2370 (35) mg/day (salt 6.1 (0.1) g/day; p<0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, energy intake and body mass index, low SES children consumed 195 mg/day (salt 0.5 g/day) more sodium than high SES children (p<0.001). Low SES children had a greater intake of sodium from processed meat, gravies/sauces, pastries, breakfast cereals, potatoes and potato snacks (all p<0.05). Conclusions Australian children from a low SES background have on average a 9% greater intake of sodium from food sources compared with those from a high SES background. Understanding the socioeconomic patterning of salt intake during childhood should be considered in interventions to reduce cardiovascular disease.
SimRank computation on uncertain graphs

SimRank is a similarity measure between vertices in a graph, which has become a fundamental technique in graph analytics. Recently, many algorithms have been proposed for efficient evaluation of SimRank similarities. However, the existing SimRank computation algorithms either overlook uncertainty in graph structures or is based on an unreasonable assumption (Du et al). In this paper, we study SimRank similarities on uncertain graphs based on the possible world model of uncertain graphs. Following the random-walk-based formulation of SimRank on deterministic graphs and the possible worlds model of uncertain graphs, we define random walks on uncertain graphs for the first time and show that our definition of random walks satisfies Markov's property. We formulate the SimRank measure based on random walks on uncertain graphs. We discover a critical difference between random walks on uncertain graphs and random walks on deterministic graphs, which makes all existing SimRank computation algorithms on deterministic graphs inapplicable to uncertain graphs. To efficiently compute SimRank similarities, we propose three algorithms, namely the baseline algorithm with high accuracy, the sampling algorithm with high efficiency, and the two-phase algorithm with comparable efficiency as the sampling algorithm and about an order of magnitude smaller relative error than the sampling algorithm. The extensive experiments and case studies verify the effectiveness of our SimRank measure and the efficiency of our SimRank computation algorithms.
Elastic Magnetic Membrane for Improved Mixing in Microwells

We demonstrate a simple method to fabricate elastic magnetic membrane which could be used to enhance mixing in microwells of a microtitre plate. The magnetic membrane was fabricated using an off-the-shelf flexible magnetic sheet and the elastomer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In order to demonstrate the concept, the membrane was integrated in a single microwell to act as an actuator for improved mixing. A customized electromagnet was used to allow contactless and robust actuation. The membrane can achieve a unidirectional deflection of about 120 µm when a 3 A direct current (DC) is applied. Periodic deflection is achieved by applying a square wave alternating current (AC) of 100 Hz and ±3 A. In the dynamic case, the membrane follows the square wave with the same frequency and provides a peak-to-peak deflection of about 115 µm. The observed oscillation was able to mix the fluorescent dye and an aqueous solution within 18 seconds. The proposed method has the potential to be implemented in microtiter plate arrays to improve mixing.
WMR--A Graph-Based Algorithm for Friend Recommendation

More and more people make friends on the Internet. Most of the community Websites generate the friend recommendation lists by search engine. Search engine is not an efficient mechanism because the database is too huge that search engine produces many unnecessary and unordered friend lists. However, there is little research discussing the issue of the recommendation quality of friend on the Internet. In this study, we propose a new recommendation algorithm named weighted minimum-message ratio (WMR) which generates a limited, ordered and personalized friend lists by the real message interaction number among Web members. We chose 30 potential members from a community Website as our experimental cases in this study. The result shows that the best recommended friend number for a target member is 15 and the precision and recall are 15% and 8% for testing prediction, respectively. This result is acceptable compared with book recommendation in which the testing precision and recall are 3% and 14%, respectively
The effect of prolonged exposure to 750 C air on the tribological performance of PM212

The effect of prolonged exposure to 750C air on tribological performance and dimensional stability of PM212, a high temperature, self-lubricating composite, is studied. PM212, contains 70% metal-bonded Cr{sub 3}C{sub 2}, 15% BaF{sub 2}/CaF{sub 2} eutectic and 15% silver. Rub blocks were fabricated from PM212 by cold isostatic pressing followed by sintering. Prior to tribo-testing, the rub blocks were exposed to 750C air from 100 to 1000 hours. Then, the rub blocks were slid against nickel-based superalloy disks in a double-rub-block tribometer in air under 66N load at temperatures from 25 to 750C with a sliding velocity of 0.36 m/s. Unexposed rub blocks were tested for baseline comparison. Friction coefficients ranged from 0.24 to 0.37 for unexposed rub blocks and from 0.32 to 0.56 for the exposed ones. Wear for both the composite blocks and superalloy disks was typically in the moderate to low range of 10{sup {minus}5} to 10{sup {minus}6} mm{sup 3} /N-m. Friction and wear data were similar for the rub blocks exposed for 100, 500, and 1000 hours. Prolonged exposure to 750C air increased friction and wear of the PM212 rub blocks at room temperature, but triboperformance remained unaffected at higher temperatures, probably due to formation of lubricousmore » metal oxides. Dimensional stability of the composite was studied by exposing specimens of varying thicknesses for 500 hours in air at 750C. Block thicknesses were found to increase with increased exposure time until steady state was reached after 100 hours of exposure, probably due to oxidation. « less
Phonological knowledge in compensation for native and non-native assimilation

We investigated whether compensation for phonological assimilation in the first language depends on language specific knowledge of phonological processes. To this end, we tested two different assimilation rules, one that exists in English and involves place of articulation, and another that exists in French and involves voicing. Both contrasts were tested on speakers of French and American English. In two experiments using a word detection task, we observed that participants showed a significantly higher degree of compensation for phonological changes that correspond to rules existing in their language than to rules that do not exist in their language (even though they are phonologically possible since they exist in another language). Thus, French participants compensated more for voicing than place assimilation, while American English participants compensated more for place than voicing assimilation. In both experiments, we also found that the non-native rule induced a very small but significant compensation effect, suggesting that both a languagespecific and a language-independent mechanism are at play. Control experiments ensured that changes in stimuli were clearly perceived in isolation, compensation then being due to the phonological context of change, rather than to specific phonetic cues. The results are discussed in light of current models of lexical access and phonological processing.