Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Социально-психологическая диагностика коммуникативных потенциалов малых групп

The article is devoted to the psychological diagnostics of the communicative potential of the small groups based on the analysis of homogeneity of the psychological characteristics of the small group`s members. 150 first year students of the State Medical University of Southern Ural were tested were tested with 3 questionnaires including CPI, the analysis of the personal values and the analysis of self actualization. The factor analysis was performed to determine the relationships among these variables. Results of the factor analysis indicated that CPI scores, personal values and self actualization are highly correlated and the scatter plots of the factor scores could be used as an additional diagnostic tool for evaluating the communicative potential of the small groups.
FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED RESEARCHES IN PRACTICE OF LEADING SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS

The top priorities of journal are research results and the development of cross-disciplinary branches of sciences. Its main research areas are: Biological Sciences; Historical Sciences; Economic Sciences; Philosophical Sciences; Philological Sciences; Jurisprudence; Pedagogical Sciences; Medical Sciences; Psychological Sciences; Social Sciences; Political Science; Physical Education And Sports; Governance; Cultural Studies; Social Communication; Cross-Sectoral Research.
Incorporating camera metadata for attended region detection and consumer photo classification

Photos taken by human beings significantly differ from the pictures that are taken by a surveillance camera or a vision sensor on a robot, e.g., human beings may intentionally capture photos to express his/her feeling or record a memorial scene. Such a creative photo capture process is accomplished by adjusting two factors: (1) the parameters setting of a camera; and (2) the position between the camera and the interesting objects or scenes. To enable automatic understanding and interpretation of the semantics of photos, it is very important to take all these factors into account. Unfortunately, most existing algorithms for image understanding focus on only the content of the images while completely ignoring these two important factors. In this paper, we have developed a new algorithm to calculate what the interestingness of the photographer is and what the core content of a photo is. The gained information (i.e., attended regions and attention of the photographer) is further used to support more effective photo classification and retrieval. Our experiments on 70,000+ photos taken by 200+ different models of cameras have obtained very positive results.
Chapter II - the creative work processes of economists

The present invention is directed to a barrier layer which has the ability to substantially prevent the diffusion of stains, such as plasticizers and dyes or other chemicals, onto a surface of a surface covering, from a surface or object in which the surface covering is placed upon. The barrier layer contains a polyamide or polyurethane and is preferably located above a substrate or base layer in a surface covering. The barrier layer preferably is located between a UV topcoat layer and a vinyl wear layer. The present invention also relates to a method of preventing stain migration onto a surface covering from a surface on which the surface covering is placed by use of the barrier layer of the present invention and also relates to methods of making surface coverings containing the barrier layer of the present invention.
Sparsity-driven high resolution FDLFM-MIMO radar imaging

Frequency division linear frequency modulation multiple-input-multiple-output (FDLFM-MIMO) radar may provide an efficient way to synthesize a high-resolution range profile (HRRP) and has attracted more attention. Unfortunately, the conventional methods based on Matched Filter (MF) show high sidelobes and can not get the expected range resolution. In this paper, a sparsity-driven imaging method is proposed to overcome the drawback of low range resolution. Particularly for the HRRP synthesis, the algorithm aims to improve the accuracy of atoms chosen through solving the l1-norm optimization problem and jointly relying on the set of collected atoms, the algorithm yields the HRRP with a good performance. The high resolution imaging is performed after the azimuth compression through the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT). Simulation results are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Improving the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries by conductive polymer coating.

Rechargeable lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries hold great potential for next-generation high-performance energy storage systems because of their high theoretical specific energy, low materials cost, and environmental safety. One of the major obstacles for its commercialization is the rapid capacity fading due to polysulfide dissolution and uncontrolled redeposition. Various porous carbon structures have been used to improve the performance of Li–S batteries, as polysulfides could be trapped inside the carbon matrix. However, polysulfides still diffuse out for a prolonged time if there is no effective capping layer surrounding the carbon/sulfur particles. Here we explore the application of conducting polymer to minimize the diffusion of polysulfides out of the mesoporous carbon matrix by coating poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) onto mesoporous carbon/sulfur particles. After surface coating, coulomb efficiency of the sulfur electrode was improved from 93% to 97%, and capaci.
In Vitro Susceptibility of Canine Influenza A (H3N8) Virus to Nitazoxanide and Tizoxanide

Infection of dogs with canine influenza virus (CIV) is considered widespread throughout the United States following the first isolation of CIV in 2004. While vaccination against influenza A infection is a common and important practice for disease control, antiviral therapy can serve as a valuable adjunct in controlling the impact of the disease. In this study, we examined the antiviral activity of nitazoxanide (NTZ) and tizoxanide (TIZ) against three CIV isolates in vitro. NTZ and TIZ inhibited virus replication of all CIVs with 50% and 90% inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.17 to 0.21 μM and from 0.60 to 0.76 μM, respectively. These results suggest that NTZ and TIZ are effective against CIV and may be useful for treatment of canine influenza in dogs but further investigation of the in vivo efficacy against CIV as well as the drug's potential for toxicity in dogs is needed.
Subdominant/Cryptic CD8 T Cell Epitopes Contribute to Resistance against Experimental Infection with a Human Protozoan Parasite

During adaptive immune response, pathogen-specific CD8+ T cells recognize preferentially a small number of epitopes, a phenomenon known as immunodominance. Its biological implications during natural or vaccine-induced immune responses are still unclear. Earlier, we have shown that during experimental infection, the human intracellular pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi restricts the repertoire of CD8+ T cells generating strong immunodominance. We hypothesized that this phenomenon could be a mechanism used by the parasite to reduce the breath and magnitude of the immune response, favoring parasitism, and thus that artificially broadening the T cell repertoire could favor the host. Here, we confirmed our previous observation by showing that CD8+ T cells of H-2a infected mice recognized a single epitope of an immunodominant antigen of the trans-sialidase super-family. In sharp contrast, CD8+ T cells from mice immunized with recombinant genetic vaccines (plasmid DNA and adenovirus) expressing this same T. cruzi antigen recognized, in addition to the immunodominant epitope, two other subdominant epitopes. This unexpected observation allowed us to test the protective role of the immune response to subdominant epitopes. This was accomplished by genetic vaccination of mice with mutated genes that did not express a functional immunodominant epitope. We found that these mice developed immune responses directed solely to the subdominant/cryptic CD8 T cell epitopes and a significant degree of protective immunity against infection mediated by CD8+ T cells. We concluded that artificially broadening the T cell repertoire contributes to host resistance against infection, a finding that has implications for the host-parasite relationship and vaccine development.
Performance Modeling of Grid Resource Management and Scheduling Systems

Performance evaluation of grid resource management and scheduling system is of key importance to the success of the grid. In this paper, we introduce a generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) model for such purpose. The model is simple with clarity and can be applied to other research issues on grid to provide them with performance evaluation capabilities.
A Relational Communication Approach to Peer Coaching

In this article, we discuss peer coaching as a relatively new form of coaching practice that expands the relational resources available to individuals focused on change. Peer coaching is a helping relationship that facilitates mutual learning and development to accomplish specific tasks or goals. It is most effective when participants establish high-quality relationships and connections by focusing on both content and process. To enhance such capability we integrate the theory of coordinated management of meaning, a relational communication approach that emphasizes how meaning and learning are created through interpersonal interactions. Coordinated management of meaning models applied in our three-step model of peer coaching demonstrate the value of their application. We then assume a balcony perspective to deepen understanding by incorporating conceptual and empirical work. We conclude by inviting scholars and practitioners to adopt our integrated model to enhance positive outcomes for both individuals and organizations.
Review papers : Variance components for statistical genetics: applications in medical research to characteristics related to human diseases and health

RA Fisher introduced variance components in 1918. He synthesized Mendelian inheritance with Darwin's theory of evolution by showing that the genetic variance of a continuous trait could be decomposed into additive and non-additive components. The model can be extended to include environmental factors, interactions, covariation, and non-random mating. Identifiability depends critically on design. Methods of analysis include modelling the mean squares from a fixed effects analysis of variance, and covariance structure modelling, which can be extended to multivariate traits and has been used to study ordinal traits by reference to postulated, unmeasured, latent 'liabilities'. These methods operate on dependent observa tions within independent groups of the same size and structure, and therefore require balanced designs ('regular' pedigrees). A multivariate normal model handles data in its generic form, utilizes data efficiently from all members of pedigrees of unequal size or varying structure, accommodates individuals missing at random, and allows flexible modelling with tests of distributional assumptions and fit. Most analytical methods use least squares or maximum likelihood under normal theory. Robust methods, scale transforma tion, ascertainment, path diagrams and correlational path models (popular in behavioural genetics through addressing nonrandom mating and social interactions), 'heritability', and the contribution and limitations of statistical modelling to the 'nature-nurture' debate, are discussed.
Assessing Web Site Usability in Retail Electronic Commerce

In the increasingly competitive environment of electronic commerce, companies are paying careful attention to Web site design and function to attract and retain both traffic and customers. One key factor that has been shown to increase both is Web site usability. This paper presents and tests a Web site usability research framework derived from prior literature. Fourteen Fortune 500 retail Web sites are examined by 261 potential customers and rated on aspects of usability. Results show that Content and Ease of Use are givens with regard to usability, but Identity, Download Delay, Trust Assurance, Made-for-the-medium, Responsiveness and Emotion can all be differentiators.
VP-BASED ATM NETWORK DESIGN WITH CONTROLLED OVER-SUBSCRIPTION OF RESTORATION CAPACITY

--We develop an optimization method which allows exploitation of the statistical nature of ATM traffic to reduce the total spare capacity required for restoration, with a controlled maximum impact on QoS. Results show that significant capacity savings can be obtained if ATM VP restoration is allowed even modest restoration-induced over-subscription of bandwidth on surviving spans. We give Integer Program (IP) formulations and a pair of algorithms for upper and lower bounding of the spare capacity required for ATM Backup-VP restoration. While significant capacity savings are found, they are not as large as in some prior work which appears to have involved uncontrolled over-subscription effects as a side-effect of the capacity planning algorithm used.
A Safe RSS Approach for Securely Sharing Mobile SVG Biomedical Images for Web 2.0

The widespread availability of Web 2.0 to share contents using simple protocols like RSS presents opportunities for delivering spatial data over the Internet as well as small mobile devices. In this paper, an architectural solution has been developed where RSS can be enhanced to play the role of Trusted Third Party supplying syndication and aggregation service that allow a safe authentication, sharing and visualization of SVG images. The enhanced architecture uses the JAAS API along with our developed Role-Based authentication method.
Enteric Micro-Particles for Targeted Oral Drug Delivery

This work is focused on production of enteric-coated micro-particles for oral administration, using a water-in-oil-in-water solvent evaporation technique. The active agent theophylline was first encapsulated in cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), a pH-sensitive well-known polymer, which is insoluble in acid media but dissolves at neutral pH (above pH 6). In this first step, CAP was chosen with the aim optimizing the preparation and characterization methods. The desired release pattern has been obtained (low release at low pH, higher release at neutral pH) but in presence of a low encapsulation efficiency. Then, the CAP was replaced by a novel-synthesized pH-sensitive poly(methyl methacrylate–acrylic acid) copolymer, poly(MMA–AA). In this second step, the role of two process parameters was investigated, i.e., the percentage of emulsion stabilizer (polyvinyl alcohol, PVA) and the stirring power for the double emulsion on the encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulation efficiency was found to increase with PVA percentage and to decrease with the stirring power. By increasing the PVA content and by decreasing the stirring power, a high stable double emulsion was obtained, and this explains the increase in encapsulation efficiency found.
Assessing the Psychological Consequences of Internalized Colonialism on the Psychological Well-Being of Young Adults in Ghana

This study examined the psychometric properties of a revised version of the Colonial Mentality Scale in a sample Ghanaian young adults (CMS-G; N = 431). In addition, the degree to which mental health and self- and group-concept was effected by internalized notions of colonial mentality was assessed. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to evaluate the underlying factor structure of the CMS-G. The findings indicated that the CMS-G produced a four-factor orthogonal model as best representing the construct of colonial mentality among Ghanaian young adults. CMS-G scores correlated in the anticipated direction with self-esteem, collective self-esteem, anxiety, and depression. Additional analyses indicated that Ghanaian young adults endorsed colonial mentality items associated with physical characteristics and colonial debt with a higher frequency than other CMS-G items. Men endorsed colonial debt items statistically significantly more than women. Implications for the study’s findings are discussed and recommendations for future research are presented.
The Integration of Lexical Knowledge and External Resources for Question Answering

For the short, factoid questions in TREC, the query terms we get from the original questions are either too brief or often do not contain most relevant information in the corpus. It will be very difficult to find the answer (especially exact answer) in a large text document collection because of the gap between the query space and the document space. In order to bridge this gap, there is a need to expand the original queries to include the terms in the document space. In this research, we investigate the integration of both the Web and WordNet in performing local context and lexical correlations to bridge the gap. In order to minimize the noise introduced by the external resources, we explore detailed question classes, fine-grained named entities, and successive constraint relaxation.
Genetic analysis of D-xylose metabolism by endophytic yeast strains of Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Two novel endophytic yeast strains, WP1 and PTD3, isolated from within the stems of poplar (Populus) trees, were genetically characterized with respect to their xylose metabolism genes. These two strains, belonging to the species Rhodotorula graminis and R. mucilaginosa, respectively, utilize both hexose and pentose sugars, including the common plant pentose sugar, D-xylose. The xylose reductase (XYL1) and xylitol dehydrogenase (XYL2) genes were cloned and characterized. The derived amino acid sequences of xylose reductase (XR) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH) were 32%∼41% homologous to those of Pichia stipitis and Candida. spp. , two species known to utilize xylose. The derived XR and XDH sequences of WP1 and PTD3 had higher homology (73% and 69% identity) with each other. WP1 and PTD3 were grown in single sugar and mixed sugar media to analyze the XYL1 and XYL2 gene regulation mechanisms. Our results revealed that for both strains, the gene expression is induced by D-xylose, and that in PTD3 the expression was not repressed by glucose in the presence of xylose.
Finite Markov Chain Results in Evolutionary Computation: a Tour D'horizon

The theory of evolutionary computation has been enhanced rapidly during the last decade. This survey is the attempt to summarize the results regarding the limit and nite time behavior of evolutionary algorithms with nite search spaces and discrete time scale. Results on evolutionary algorithms beyond nite space and discrete time are also presented but with reduced elaboration.
Highly efficient conversion of superoxide to oxygen using hydrophilic carbon clusters

Significance Mechanistic studies of nontoxic hydrophilic carbon cluster nanoparticles show that they are able to accomplish the direct conversion of superoxide to dioxygen and hydrogen peroxide. This is accomplished faster than in most single-active-site enzymes, and it is precisely what dioxygen-deficient tissue needs in the face of injury where reactive oxygen species, particularly superoxide, overwhelm the natural enzymes required to remove superoxide. We confirm here that the hydrophilic carbon clusters are unreactive toward nitric oxide radical, which is a potent vasodilator that also has an important role in neurotransmission and cytoprotection. The mechanistic results help to explain the preclinical efficacy of these carbon nanoparticles in mitigating the deleterious effects of superoxide on traumatized tissue. Many diseases are associated with oxidative stress, which occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelms the scavenging ability of an organism. Here, we evaluated the carbon nanoparticle antioxidant properties of poly(ethylene glycolated) hydrophilic carbon clusters (PEG-HCCs) by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, oxygen electrode, and spectrophotometric assays. These carbon nanoparticles have 1 equivalent of stable radical and showed superoxide (O2•−) dismutase-like properties yet were inert to nitric oxide (NO•) as well as peroxynitrite (ONOO−). Thus, PEG-HCCs can act as selective antioxidants that do not require regeneration by enzymes. Our steady-state kinetic assay using KO2 and direct freeze-trap EPR to follow its decay removed the rate-limiting substrate provision, thus enabling determination of the remarkable intrinsic turnover numbers of O2•− to O2 by PEG-HCCs at >20,000 s−1. The major products of this catalytic turnover are O2 and H2O2, making the PEG-HCCs a biomimetic superoxide dismutase.
Qualitative Research in Psychology

Abstract:Qualitative research is a research method studying subjective meaning of participants world about an object researched. Steps of qualitative research in psychology are: researchers select research topic, researchers formulate research questions, researchers design the study, researchers collect data, researchers analyses data, researchers generate findings, researchers validate findings, and researchers write research report. Some of the qualitative research designs are grounded research, phenomenology research, case study research, and ethnography research. In some situations, researchers often meet questions that reach beyond the prescription of the APA ethical guidelines concerning human participants. Researchers of qualitative research in psychology can generalize their research findings to other people, times, or treatments to the degree to which they are similar to other people, times, or treatments in the original research (naturalistic generalization). There are some strategies for expanding qualitative research as a research approach so the methodology can be accepted as one significant method in understanding psychological phenomena.
Salvinorin A analogues PR‐37 and PR‐38 attenuate compound 48/80‐induced itch responses in mice

The opioid system plays a crucial role in several physiological processes in the CNS and in the periphery. It has also been shown that selective opioid receptor agonists exert potent inhibitory action on pruritus and pain. In this study we examined whether two analogues of Salvinorin A, PR‐37 and PR‐38, exhibit antipruritic properties in mice.
1995 Flemming Lecture. DNA topology and the global control of bacterial gene expression: implications for the regulation of virulence gene expression.

Bacterial cells are relatively simple entities with small, haploid genomes. Despite their simplicity, they are capable of coping with sudden and severe changes in the environment. This adaptability enables bacteria to colonize a wide range of ecological niches. When these niches are found on or within other living things, the bacteria may produce a pathological condition. The desire to obtain insights into the mechanisms by which bacteria cause disease has been a driving force in investigations of environmental adaptation by bacteria. The results of these investigations have revealed features which are common to many pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms. These include an ability to sense changes in the external environment and to respond in an appropriate manner. This response frequently involves a change in the transcriptional profile of the cell as the expression of several genes is upor down-regulated simultaneously. This phenomenon implies that programmes exist in the cell for coordinated control of changes in transcription. The research efforts of my laboratory have been aimed at elucidating the molecular basis of this coordinated gene regulatory programme.