Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2‐phenylethynesulphonamide (PFT‐μ) enhances the anticancer effect of the novel hsp90 inhibitor NVP‐AUY922 in melanoma, by reducing GSH levels

Heat shock proteins (HSPs), are molecular chaperones that assist the proper folding of nascent proteins. This study aims to evaluate the antitumour effects of the hsp90 inhibitor NVP‐AUY922 in melanoma, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that NVP‐AUY922 inhibits melanoma cell growth in vitro, with down regulation of multiple signalling pathways involved in melanoma progression such as NF‐ĸB and MAPK/ERK. However, NVP‐AUY922 was unable to limit tumour growth in vivo. Cotreatment of A375M xenografts with NVP‐AUY922 and PFT‐μ, a dual inhibitor of both hsp70 and autophagy, induced a synergistic increase of cell death in vitro, and delayed tumour formation in A375M xenografts. PFT‐μ depleted cells from the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and increased oxidative stress. The oxidative stress induced by PFT‐μ further enhanced NVP‐AUY922‐induced cytotoxic effects. These data suggest a potential therapeutic role for NVP‐AUY922 used in combination with PFT‐μ, in melanoma.
Dynamic Control of Data Streaming and Processing in a Virtualized Environment

Performance of data streaming applications is co-determined by both networking and computing resources, and therefore they should be co-scheduled and co-allocated in an integrated and coordinated way. Dynamic control of resource scheduling and allocation is required, because unilateral redundancy in either networking or computing resources may result in the overprovision of it and the other may become a bottleneck. To avoid resource shortage as well as overprovision, in this paper, a virtualized platform is utilized to implement data streaming and processing. In this platform, fuzzy logic controllers are designed to allocate CPU resources; iterative bandwidth allocation is applied and is processing- and storage-aware to guarantee on-demand data provisioning. Experimental results show that our approach leads to higher application performance as well as higher resource utilization, compared with other resource scheduling and allocation methods.
Parental Work Demands and Parent-Child, Family, and Couple Leisure in Dutch Families: What Gives?

This study uses data on 898 Dutch couples with minor children to examine whether parental work demands are related differently to one-on-one parent—child, family, and couple leisure activities. The authors presume that the impact of working hours and work arrangements is smaller on activities that are prioritized highly and that are easier and more efficient to organize. A seemingly unrelated regression model and t tests show that the effects of the fathers’ working hours are similar for all types of family leisure. In contrast, for mothers, demanding earner types affect one-on-one mother— child leisure more than family leisure. Mothers may prioritize family leisure because of the high utility of these activities and because this is an efficient way to organize family interaction. Moreover, the authors find that couples in full-time/full-time arrangements participate more in couple leisure than single earner couples.
Differences in Maximum Extent of Lateral Eye Movement and Relationship to Field Dependency and WAIS Subtests

Subjects were asked to move their eyes as far as possible to the left and to the right (n = 40). The right movement was significantly greater in extent. The extent of lateral eye movement correlated positively with scores on the rod-and-frame test and negatively with those on the WAIS Block Design and Similarities. Maximum extent of lateral eye movement may be a simple and useful index of cognitive style.
Food intake of European adolescents in the light of different food-based dietary guidelines: results of the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study

Abstract Objective Since inadequate food consumption patterns during adolescence are not only linked with the occurrence of obesity in youth but also with the subsequent risk of developing diseases in adulthood, the establishment and maintenance of a healthy diet early in life is of great public health importance. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to describe and evaluate the food consumption of a well-characterized sample of European adolescents against food-based dietary guidelines for the first time. Design The HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) Study is a cross-sectional study, whose main objective was to obtain comparable data on a variety of nutritional and health-related parameters in adolescents aged 12·5–17·5 years. Setting Ten cities in Europe. Subjects The initial sample consisted of more than 3000 European adolescents. Among these, 1593 adolescents (54 % female) had sufficient and plausible dietary data on energy and food intakes from two 24 h recalls using the HELENA-DIAT software. Results Food intake of adolescents in Europe is not optimal compared with the two food-based dietary guidelines, Optimized Mixed Diet and Food Guide Pyramid, examined in this study. Adolescents eat half of the recommended amount of fruit and vegetables and less than two-thirds of the recommended amount of milk (and milk products), but consume much more meat (and meat products), fats and sweets than recommended. However, median total energy intake may be estimated to be nearly in line with the recommendations. Conclusion The results urge the need to improve the dietary habits of adolescents in order to maintain health in later life.
Beyond time management: time use, performance and well-being

In this review questions such as “What is a good use of time? ”, “How can one achieve satisfaction with their time? ” and “How can one’s relationship with time contribute to their well-being? ” are raised and discussed with regard to empirical research on various aspects of positive psychology of time. This paper differs from traditional approach to thinking about time in organisations in three substantial ways. Firstly, it reviews the existing empirical research on time use, focusing on the implications of this research for organizations and individuals. Secondly, it highlights the limitations of believing that time is infinitely stretchable and defined good time use as one that results in increased well-being, rather than productivity at the expense of well-being. Thirdly, although the workplace is in the centre of the paper, we view time use from a broader perspective of life and work-leisure balance. A range of evidence is considered, based on both objective and subjective time use studies, suggesting specific measures to increase well-being through time use, first of all, at workplace, but also touching on other domains, such as media, leisure, etc. Based on Self-Determination Theory, we argue that good time use results from choosing activities that help people to satisfy their basic needs and are directed at intrinsic goals (helping other people, establishing relationships, developing and growing as a person, maintaining health and balance in one’s life). A pathway to increase basic need satisfaction and, as a result, happiness associated with good time use, is by supporting autonomy: giving people more opportunities for choosing and working towards goals that are self-congruent and intrinsic, benefitting both themselves and societies.
Cis-Acting Polymorphisms Affect Complex Traits through Modifications of MicroRNA Regulation Pathways

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become an effective tool to map genes and regions contributing to multifactorial human diseases and traits. A comparably small number of variants identified by GWAS are known to have a direct effect on protein structure whereas the majority of variants is thought to exert their moderate influences on the phenotype through regulatory changes in mRNA expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as powerful posttranscriptional regulators of mRNAs. Binding to their target sites, which are mostly located within the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of mRNA transcripts, they modulate mRNA expression and stability. Until today almost all human mRNA transcripts are known to harbor at least one miRNA target site with an average of over 20 miRNA target sites per transcript. Among 5,101 GWAS-identified sentinel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that correspond to 18,884 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the sentinels () we identified a significant overrepresentation of SNPs that affect the 3′-UTR of genes (OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 2.12–2.57, ). This effect was even stronger considering all SNPs in one LD bin a single signal (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 3.84–4.74, ). Based on crosslinking immunoprecipitation data we identified four mechanisms affecting miRNA regulation by 3′-UTR mutations: (i) deletion or (ii) creation of miRNA recognition elements within validated RNA-induced silencing complex binding sites, (iii) alteration of 3′-UTR splicing leading to a loss of binding sites, and (iv) change of binding affinity due to modifications of 3′-UTR folding. We annotated 53 SNPs of a total of 288 trait-associated 3′-UTR SNPs as mediating at least one of these mechanisms. Using a qualitative systems biology approach, we demonstrate how our findings can be used to support biological interpretation of GWAS results as well as to provide new experimentally testable hypotheses.
The role of social identification, intergroup threat, and out-group derogation in explaining belief in conspiracy theory about terrorism in Indonesia

This current research was to give new insight into group-based variables that frame belief in conspiracy about terrorism in Indonesia. Results (N = 201) showed that social identification with Moslem was positively related to out-group derogation to the Western people and to the belief that these people have conspired to instigate terrorism in Indonesia. We also demonstrated that, in line with prediction, the effect of social identification on out-group derogation and belief in conspiracy theory held only when participants perceived the Western people as highly threatening Islamic identity. This perceived intergroup threat also structured the mediation role of out-group derogation. More specifically, we hypothesized and found that out-group derogation mediated the effect of social identification on belief in the conspiracy theory, only when Moslem participants perceived the Western people as highly threatening their Islamic identity. We discussed these findings in terms of theoretical and practical implications.
Cultural syndromes and age moderate the emotional impact of illness intrusiveness in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE The authors investigated cultural syndromes (multidimensional vectors comprising culturally based attitudes, values, and beliefs) and age as moderators of the emotional impact of illness intrusiveness--illness-induced lifestyle disruptions--in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and examined illness intrusiveness effects in total and separately for three life domains (relationships and personal development, intimacy, and instrumental). RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN People with RA (n = 105) completed the Illness Intrusiveness Ratings, Individualism-Collectivism, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies--Depression scales in a one-on-one interview. RESULTS Controlling for disease and background characteristics, the association between illness intrusiveness (total score and the Relationships and Personal Development subscale) and distress was inverse when young adults with RA endorsed high horizontal individualism. Illness intrusiveness into intimacy was associated with increased distress, and this intensified when respondents endorsed high vertical individualism, horizontal collectivism, vertical collectivism, or low horizontal individualism. The negative emotional impact of illness intrusiveness into intimacy diminished with increasing age. CONCLUSION Given an aging and increasingly pluralistic society, diversity can no longer be ignored in addressing the psychosocial impact of chronic, disabling disease.
Analysis of a HBV infection model with ALT

Mathematical models have been used to understand the factors that govern infectious disease progression in viral infections. Many hepatitis B virus (HBV) models were set up based on the basic virus infection model (BVIM) introduced by Zeuzem et al. and Nowak et al. But some references have pointed out that the basic infection reproductive number of the BVIM is biologically questionable and given the modified models. And so far, no immune model with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was given based on the modified models. In this paper one immune models with ALT based on the modified model is discussed. The stability analysis and simulation of the model is also given based on clinical data of ALT and HBV DNA.
Under Pressure: Climate Change, Upwelling, and Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystems

The IPCC AR5 provided an overview of the likely effects of climate change on Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS), stimulating increased interest in research examining the issue. We use these recent studies to develop a new synthesis describing climate change impacts on EBUS. We find that model and observational data suggest coastal upwelling-favorable winds in poleward portions of EBUS have intensified and will continue to do so in the future. Although evidence is weak in data that are presently available, future projections show that this pattern might be driven by changes in the positioning of the oceanic high-pressure systems rather than by deepening of the continental low-pressure systems, as previously proposed. There is low confidence regarding the future effects of climate change on coastal temperatures and biogeochemistry due to uncertainty in the countervailing responses to increasing upwelling and coastal warming, the latter of which could increase thermal stratification and render upwelling less effective in lifting nutrient-rich deep waters into the photic zone. Although predictions of ecosystem responses are uncertain, EBUS experience considerable natural variability and may be inherently resilient. However, multi-trophic level, end-to-end (i.e., "winds to whales") studies are needed to resolve the resilience of EBUS to climate change, especially their response to long-term trends or extremes that exceed pre-industrial ranges.
miR-494 protects pancreatic β-cell function by targeting PTEN in gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common pregnancy complications characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in the diverse types of diabetes, including GDM. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of microRNAs in GDM. The microarray data of dysregulated miRNAs in blood and placenta was retrieved in the GEO dataset under the accession number GSE19649. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyze the expression levels of miR-494 in peripheral blood from twenty pairs of gestational diabetes (GDM) women and healthy women. Then, we investigated the effects of miR-494 on the insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cells. Moreover, the role of this miR-494 in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively in INS1 cells transfected with a miR-494 mimic or inhibitor. In addition, the direct target of miR-494 was confirmed using 3' untranslated region (UTR) luciferase reporter assay. Our data demonstrated that the miR-494 level was significantly decreased in the blood of GDM patients, and the low level was associated with a high concentration of blood glucose. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-494 improved pancreatic β-cell dysfunction by enhancing insulin secretion and total insulin content, inducing cell proliferation, and inhibiting cell apoptosis, whereas miR-494 knockdown exhibited decreased insulin secretion and proliferation, as well as stimulated apoptosis. In addition, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) which has been shown to play a pivotal role in apoptosis, was proved to be a direct target of miR-494 in pancreatic β-cells. More importantly, siRNA-induced downregulation of PTEN reversed the effects of miR-494 knockdown on insulin secretion, cell proliferation, and apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells.
Wideband 307 GHz transceiver system for high speed digital wireless at 12.5 Gbps

We have developed a wideband submillimeterwave communications transceiver system, which is operating at a carrier of 307.2 GHz with bandwidth of 30 GHz. This is able to transmit and receive high speed wireless signals at 12.5 Gigabits per second (Gbps) using coherent binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation to about 2 meters. Measured results are reported for Bit Error Rates (BER) and constellation plot. Design considerations for this direct conversion transceiver architecture using subharmonic mixers at submillimeterwave and 76.8 GHz synthesizer will be discussed.
The process group approach to reliable distributed computing

Abstract : The difficulty of developing reliable distributed software is an impediment to applying distributed computing technology in many settings. Experience with the ISIS system suggests that a structured approach based on virtually synchronous process groups yields systems that are substantially easier to develop, exploit sophisticated forms of cooperative computation and achieve high reliability. This paper reviews six years of on ISIS, describing the model, its implementation challenges, and the types of applications to which ISIS has been applied.
Human Prolactin Receptor Variants in Breast Cancer

Prolactin plays an essential role in the development of rodent mammary tumors and is a potent mitogen in human normal and cancerous breast tissues/cells. In this study, we have analyzed the expression of prolactin receptors, including the long receptor form (LF; stimulatory) and two novel short forms (SFs; S1a and S1b) derived from alternative splicing that are inhibitory of the activation induced by prolactin through the LF. Southern analysis of breast cancer profiling arrays revealed that 29 patients (group I) expressed an elevated LF, 10 patients (group II) showed decreased LF, and 8 patients (group III) had no change relative to the adjacent normal tissue. Their respective SF expression was increased in 21 patients of group I and generally decreased in groups II and III. However, the ratio of SF to LF was significantly decreased in 76% of the breast tumors and distributed evenly among the groups. Quantification of differential expression of prolactin receptor variants by real-time PCR in 15 pairs of human normal and tumor breast-matched tissues revealed a similar significant decrease in the ratio of SF to LF in the tumor tissue. Consistent lower ratio of SFs to LFs was confirmed in 8 of ten different breast cancer cell lines compared with normal mammary Hs578Bst and MCF10A cells. Because SFs act as dominant negative regulators of the stimulatory actions of the LF in vitro, their relatively reduced expression in cancer could cause gradations of unopposed prolactin-mediated LF stimulatory function and contribute to breast tumor development/progression.
Measuring population differentiation using GST or D? A simulation study with microsatellite DNA markers under a finite island model and nonequilibrium conditions

The genetic differentiation of populations is a key parameter in population genetic investigations. Wright’s FST (and its relatives such as GST) has been a standard measure of differentiation. However, the deficiencies of these indexes have been increasingly realized in recent years, leading to some new measures being proposed, such as Jost’s D (Molecular Ecology, 2008; 17, 4015). The existence of these new metrics has stimulated considerable debate and induced some confusion on which statistics should be used for estimating population differentiation. Here, we report a simulation study with neutral microsatellite DNA loci under a finite island model to compare the performance of GST and D, particularly under nonequilibrium conditions. Our results suggest that there exist fundamental differences between the two statistics, and neither GST nor D operates satisfactorily in all situations for quantifying differentiation. D is very sensitive to mutation models but GST noticeably less so, which limits D’s utility in population parameter estimation and comparisons across genetic markers. Also, the initial heterozygosity of the starting populations has some important effects on both the individual behaviours of GST and D and their relative behaviours in early differentiation, and this effect is much greater for D than GST. In the early stages of differentiation, when initial heterozygosity is relatively low (<0.5, if the number of subpopulations is large), GST increases faster than D; the opposite is true when initial heterozygosity is high. Therefore, the state of the ancestral population appears to have some lasting impacts on population differentiation. In general, GST can measure differentiation fairly well when heterozygosity is low whatever the causes; however, when heterozygosity is high (e.g. as a result of either high mutation rate or high initial heterozygosity) and gene flow is moderate to strong, GST fails to measure differentiation. Interestingly, when population size is not very small (e.g. N ≥ 1000), GST measures differentiation quite linearly with time over a long duration when gene flow is absent or very weak even if mutation rate is not low (e.g. μ = 0.001). In contrast, D, as a differentiation measure, performs rather robustly in all these situations. In practice, both indexes should be calculated and the relative levels of heterozygosities (especially HS) and gene flow taken into account. We suggest that a comparison of the two indexes can generate useful insights into the evolutionary processes that influence population differentiation.
Land-cover classification through sequential learning-based optimum-path forest

Sequential learning-based pattern classification aims at providing more accurate labeled maps by adding an extra step of classification using an augmented feature vector. In this paper, we evaluated the robustness of Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) classifier in the context of land-cover classification using both satellite and radar images, showing OPF can benefit from sequential learning theoretical basis.