Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooperative transmission scheme for multi-hop underwater acoustic sensor networks

In this paper, we propose a cooperative transmission scheme for multi-hop underwater (UW) acoustic sensor networks to enhance network performance. Relay nodes are employed as virtual antennas to achieve diversity gains. Based on the distinct characteristics of the UW channel, such as high transmission loss, propagation delay and ambient noises, this paper presents a distributed cooperative scheme, including networking protocol and cooperative transmission at the physical layer, to enhance reliability by providing diversity gains through intermediate relay nodes. The destinations and potential relays are selected from a set of neighbour nodes that consider the distance cost and local measurement of the channel conditions into calculation. The simulation and numerical results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional direct transmission schemes in terms of average energy consumption, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.
It just makes you feel really good : a narrative and reflection on the affordances of musical fandom across a life course

The study of how music may be important to health and well-being can be seen as an increasingly broad and interdisciplinary field. As issues of health and well-being are routinely understood within the wider context of life style and cultural engagement, musical experiences far outside the professional practices of music therapy and music medicine are now seen to offer “potent and preventative measures to enhance psycho physiological well-being reaching into almost every aspect of life” (MacDonald, Kreutz & Mitchell, 2012, p. 4). Such shifts grow in part from the integration of more expansive definitions of health that underlay the field. Here health is a concept empha sised variously as a “quality of human interaction and engagement” (Dreier 1994, cited in Stige 2002), or “a quality of human co-existence” (Kenny & Stige, 2002, p. 24), a ‘performance’ of processes by which ‘self’ is realised into the world—mentally, physically and socially (Aldridge, 2005); whilst musical experiences have been suggested as an ‘immunogen behavior’, that is a health performing practice (Ruud, 2002). This in turn has widened the scope of music and health studies to include any mode of musical participation that holds the potential to promote well-being. Consequently there is a growing interest in how ‘ordinary’ people in ‘everyday’ settings use music to facilitate health (Ruud, 1998, 2010; Denora, 2000; Skanland, 2012), and how self-made musical experiences are used “to regulate emotional or relational states or to promote well-being”, this “lay-therapeutic musicking in everyday life” being considered an important area alongside more specific professional practices (Trondalen & Bonde 2012, p. 40, citing Bonde 2011). This paper seeks to contribute to this discourse through an exploration of the experiences of being a music fan, a particular form of musical participation that may hold a variety of implications for an individual’s health, well-being and quality of life.
Exact solutions to Waring's problem for finite fields

with xi ∈ Fq, i.e., as a sum of kth powers of elements of Fq. We can then define the Waring function g(k, q) as the maximal number of summands needed to express all elements of Fq as sums of kth powers. We note that, by an easy argument, we have g(k, q) = g(k, q), where k = gcd(k, q − 1). Hence, we will assume from now on that k divides q − 1. Several authors have established bounds on the value of g(k, q) for various choices of the parameters k and q – a survey is given in [8]. For the cases where the exponent k is small compared to q, there are strong results. For example, whenever 2 ≤ k < q + 1, it follows that g(k, q) = 2 by a direct application of the Weil bound for the number of points on varieties over finite fields [6, 7, 8]. In this paper, we will look at the cases where the exponent k is large compared to q, and we will obtain not only a bound, but the exact value of g(k, q) for two infinite families of pairs (k, q). Our main results are the following.
Efficacy of a Low Dose of Estrogen on Antioxidant Defenses and Heart Rate Variability

This study tested whether a low dose (40% less than the pharmacological dose of 17-β estradiol) would be as effective as the pharmacological dose to improve cardiovascular parameters and decrease cardiac oxidative stress. Female Wistar rats (n = 9/group) were divided in three groups: (1) ovariectomized (Ovx), (2) ovariectomized animals treated for 21 days with low dose (LE; 0.2 mg), and (3) high dose (HE; 0.5 mg) 17-β estradiol subcutaneously. Hemodynamic assessment and spectral analysis for evaluation of autonomic nervous system regulation were performed. Myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, redox ratio (GSH/GSSG), total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion concentrations were measured. HE and LE groups exhibited an improvement in hemodynamic function and heart rate variability. These changes were associated with an increase in the TRAP, GSH/GSSG, SOD, and CAT. A decrease in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion was also observed in the treated estrogen groups as compared to the Ovx group. Our results indicate that a low dose of estrogen is just as effective as a high dose into promoting cardiovascular function and reducing oxidative stress, thereby supporting the approach of using low dose of estrogen in clinical settings to minimize the risks associated with estrogen therapy.
Type-Based Verification of JavaScript Sandboxing

Web sites routinely incorporate programs from several sources into a single page. These sources must be protected from one another, which requires robust sandboxing of JavaScript. The many entry-points of sandboxes and the subtleties of JavaScript demand robust verification of the actual sandbox source. We use a novel type system for JavaScript to encode and verify sandboxing properties. The resulting verifier is lightweight and efficient, and operates on actual source. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique by applying it to ADsafe, in which we found several bugs and other weaknesses.
Hygroscopic properties of ultrafine aerosol particles in the boreal forest: diurnal variation, solubility and the influence of sulfuric acid

The hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles present in a boreal forest was measured at a relative humid- ity of 88%. Simultaneously the gas phase concentration of sulfuric acid, a very hygroscopic compound, was monitored. The focus was mainly on days with new particle formation by nucleation. The measured hygroscopic growth factors (GF) correlated positively with the gaseous phase sulfuric acid concentrations. The smaller the particles, the stronger the correlation, with r=0.20 for 50 nm and r=0.50 for 10 nm particles. The increase in GF due to condensing sulfuric acid is expected to be larger for particles with initially smaller masses. During new particle formation, the changes in solu- bility of the new particles were calculated during their growth to Aitken mode sizes. As the modal diameter increased, the solubility of the particles decreased. This indicated that the initial particle growth was due to more hygroscopic com- pounds, whereas the later growth during the evening and night was mainly caused by less hygroscopic or even hy- drophobic compounds. For all the measured sizes, a diur- nal variation in GF was observed both during days with and without particle formation. The GF was lowest at around midnight, with a mean value of 1.12-1.24 depending on par- ticle size and if new particle formation occurred during the day, and increased to 1.25-1.34 around noon. This can be tentatively explained by day- and nighttime gas-phase chem- istry; different vapors will be present depending on the time of day, and through condensation these compounds will alter the hygroscopic properties of the particles in different ways.
Bayesian-based video sharing in mobile social networks

Video sharing is popular and attractive for mobile users. However, the limited resources such as the connection, power and bandwidth, coupled with the social characteristics in mobile social networks pose unique challenges for effective video sharing. Users personal attributes and preferences on the communication pattern or the videos themselves may impede or promote the disperse process of the videos. It is important to take both the network and social behavior factors into consideration to comprehensively analyze the video sharing process. In this work, for the first time, we investigate the factors influencing users decision and model them using the Bayesian technique. The social confidence, interest matching, and resources status are incorporated in the proposed Bayesian-based model to analyze the interactions and influence among social network users. Novel streaming schemes are proposed to provide reliable streaming video transmissions. Our analysis results show that the proposed model is able to help user to establish the most reliable and effective routing paths to obtain the videos.
Estimating Leaf Area Index from Multiple Return , Small-footprint Aerial LiDAR at the Washington Park Arboretum

and have found that it is complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the final examining committee have been made. Date:__________________________________ In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master's degree at the University of Washington, I agree that the Library shall make its copies freely available for inspection. I further agree that extensive copying of this thesis is allowable only for scholarly purposes, consistent with " fair use " as prescribed in the U.S. Copyright Law. Any other reproduction for any purposes or by any means shall not be allowed without my written permission.
Bayesian Inferences in the Cox Model for Order‐Restricted Hypotheses

Summary. In studying the relationship between an ordered categorical predictor and an event time, it is standard practice to include dichotomous indicators of the different levels of the predictor in a Cox model. One can then use a multiple degree‐of‐freedom score or partial likelihood ratio test for hypothesis testing. Often, interest focuses on comparing the null hypothesis of no difference to an order‐restricted alternative, such as a monotone increase across levels of a predictor. This article proposes a Bayesian approach for addressing hypotheses of this type. We reparameterize the Cox model in terms of a cumulative product of parameters having conjugate prior densities, consisting of mixtures of point masses at one, and truncated gamma densities. Due to the structure of the model, posterior computation can proceed via a simple and efficient Gibbs sampling algorithm. Posterior probabilities for the global null hypothesis and subhypotheses, comparing the hazards for specific groups, can be calculated directly from the output of a single Gibbs chain. The approach allows for level sets across which a predictor has no effect. Generalizations to multiple predictors are described, and the method is applied to a study of emergency medical treatment for stroke.
Frame-period adaptation for speaking rate robust speech recognition

This paper describes a frame-period adaptation method for speaking rate robust speech recognition. The proposed method determines an appropriate frame-period for each phrase by measuring its speaking rate or computing the acoustic likelihood with a set of frame-periods. Experimental results on spontaneous speech recognition show that the proposed method is eﬀective for slower utterance. Actually, we can get about a 15% error reduction in error rate for slower utterance by using the likelihood based frame-period determination.
Recurrent Neural Networks for One Day Ahead Prediction of Stream Flow

Accurate models for one day ahead prediction of stream flow are crucial for water management catchment scale for agriculture. This is particularly important for a country such as Australia where weather conditions can be harsh and varying. The Support Vector Regression (SVR) and the Vector Auto Regression (VAR) are standard methods used for time series prediction [12, 14]. However, since they use fixed-sized time windows, these models cannot capture long-term dependencies that are often present in stream flow time series. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) do not have this weakness, yet they have not been extensively used on this type of time series. In this work, we tested various types of RNN architectures, including the recently introduced clock-work RNN (CW-RNN) [10], on two different stream flow datasets in Tasmania. We compared their accuracy with that of the SVR and VAR methods on the task of one day ahead prediction of the stream flow. In our experiments, the CW-RNNs outperformed the SVR and VAR methods across both datasets. In particular, when evaluated on the largest test set, which contained approximately 4 years of daily records, the normalised Root Mean Squared Error (nRMSE) and the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of the best CW-RNN architecture were equal to 0.166 and 0.956, respectively. This is a significant improvement over the best SVR model, which had nRMSE = 0.202 and NSE = 0.936. Our results suggest that RNNs are well suited for the task of one day ahead prediction of stream flow.
Validation of the Korean Attachment to God Inventory

The present study addressed the cross-cultural applicability of the attachment to God construct with Korean immigrants living in the United States whose high religious affiliation is well documented. We examined the validity of a Korean translation of the Attachment to God Inventory (KAGI) through confirmatory factor analyses, using a sample of 263 Korean Catholic and Methodist immigrants. The initial CFA showed that the 2-factor model of the original AGI (Anxiety and Avoidance) was not supported. Then, the model respecification process was followed to identify a version of the KAGI that is semantically and psychometrically appropriate for use in cross-cultural research. After removing 17 items, we identified an 11-item KAGI representing Anxiety and Avoidance with a good model fit, which demonstrates its readiness for use in cross-cultural comparisons. Results are discussed in light of measurement development and Korean culture-specific religious and spiritual traditions, along with limitations and implications for future research.
Multiprocessor synchronization for concurrent loops

Execution of concurrent loops on multiprocessor computers often requires synchronizing the processors. Synchronization schemes are surveyed that are suitable for automatic problem decomposition. The model of a shared-memory multiprocessor is used, as is the concurrent-loop paradigm, which is to compile a loop so each processor is assigned a different loop iteration. The discussion covers data dependence, removing synchronization points, random synchronization, pipelining, barrier synchronization, and critical sections. <<ETX>>
Step-by-Step Evolution with State-Dependent Mutations

This paper considers the extension of Ellison`s (2000) Radius-Modified Coradius Theorem from the uniform-mutations case to a general stochastic setting. A modified theorem is presented, with a crucial role now played by the most probable evolutionary paths between states. The form of such paths is liable to change outside of the uniform mutations case, with concomitant effects on both long-run selection and expected waiting times. An algorithm for finding these paths is offered, and used to demonstrate the continued optimality of step-by-step evolution.
Molecular Systems Biology Peer Review Process File Asymmetric Positive Feedback Loops Reliably Control Biological Responses Transaction Report

(Note: With the exception of the correction of typographical or spelling errors that could be a source of ambiguity, letters and reports are not edited. The original formatting of letters and referee reports may not be reflected in this compilation.) Thank you again for submitting your work to Molecular Systems Biology. We have now heard back from the three referees who agreed to evaluate your manuscript. As you will see from the reports below, the referees raise substantial concerns on your work, which, I am afraid to say, preclude its publication. While the reviewers did find the description of the ASSURE motif potentially interesting, they remained substantially unconvinced regarding key claims about the properties and evolutionary advantages of this motif. Most importantly, the reviewers were not convinced that the experimental work with the Oaf1p/Pip2p system provided conclusive evidence that the ASSURE motif provides a clear fitness advantage (reviewer #2, point 2, reviewer #3, point 3). Their doubts seem to center on concerns that the engineered strain could be disadvantaged for a variety of reasons that may not be directly related to the ASSURE motif itself (e.g. greater protein expression burden). This concern was clearly shared by the first reviewer, who was otherwise more positive. In addition, the last two reviewers had concerns regarding the model-based analysis, which they felt were sufficient to cast some doubt on some of the most important predicted properties of the ASSURE motif, in particular the physiological relevance of the increased speed compared to symmetric feedback systems. Given these important concerns, and since two reviewers clearly indicated that they felt that the main claims in this work remained insufficiently supported, we feel we have no choice but to return this work with the message that we cannot offer to publish it. Nevertheless, the reviewers did express interest in this topic, and their comments suggest that additional experiments and analysis could potentially provide clearer support for the claims made in
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Disrupts Monolayer Integrity and Function in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Cells

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection is a common contributor to pulmonary symptoms in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Here we examined RSV infection in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells (CFBE41o-) expressing wild-type (wt) or F508del cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), for monolayer integrity and RSV replication. Methods: CFBE41o- monolayers expressing wt or F508del CFTR were grown on permeable supports and inoculated with RSV A2 strain. Control experiments utilized UV-inactivated RSV and heat-killed RSV. Monolayer resistance and RSV production was monitored for up to six days post-infection. Results: Within 24 h, a progressive decrease in monolayer resistance was observed in RSV infected F508del CFBE41o- cells, while the monolayer integrity of RSV infected wt CFTR CFBE41o- cells remained stable. RSV replication was necessary to disrupt F508del CFBE41o- monolayers as UV-irradiated and heat killed RSV had no effect on monolayer integrity, with an earlier and much more pronounced peak in RSV titer noted in F508del relative to wt CFTR-expressing cells. RSV infection of wt CFBE41o- monolayers also resulted in blunting of CFTR response. Conclusions: These findings identify an enhanced sensitivity of CFBE41o- cells expressing F508del CFTR to RSV infection, replication and monolayer disruption independent of the cellular immune response, and provide a novel mechanism by which cystic fibrosis airway epithelia are susceptible to RSV-dependent injury.
Seeking Informativeness in Literature Based Discovery

The continuously increasing number of publications within the biomedical domain has fuelled the creation of literature based discovery (LBD) systems which identify unconnected pieces of knowledge appearing in separate literatures which can be combined to make new discoveries. Without filtering, the amount of hidden knowledge found is vast due to noise, making it impractical for a researcher to examine, or clinically evaluate, the potential discoveries. We present a number of filtering techniques, including two which exploit the LBD system itself rather than being based on a statistical or manual examination of document collections, and we demonstrate usefulness via replication of known discoveries.
SMPSO : A New PSO Metaheuristic for Multi-objective Optimization

In this work we present a new multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) characterized by the use of a strategy to limit the velocity of the particles. In this way, the Speed-constrained Multi-objective PSO (SMPSO) allows to produce new effective particle positions in those cases where the velocity becomes too high. Other features of SMPSO include the polynomial mutation as turbulence factor and an external archive to store the non-dominated solutions found during the search. We have compared our proposal against a set of five representative state-of-the-art multi-objective metaheuristics according to two different criteria: the quality of the resulting approximation sets and the convergence speed to the Pareto front. The experiments carried out indicate that SMPSO obtains remarkable results in both accuracy and speed.
Generalized sweep methods for parallel computational geometry

There are a number of algorithms in computational geometry that rely on the “sweeping” paradigm (e.g., see [15, 24, 321). The generic framework in this paradigm is for one to traverse a collection of geometric objects in some uniform way while maintaining a number of data structures for the objects that belong to a “current” set. For example, the current set of objects could be defined by all those that intersect a given vertical line as it sweeps across the plane, those that intersect a line through a point p as the line rotates around p, or those that intersect a point p as it moves through the plane. The problem is solved by updating and querying the data structures at certain stopping points, which are usually called “events”. We are interested in the problem of parallelizing sweeping algorithms. Most previous approaches to parallelizing sweeping algorithms have been to abandon the sweeping approach all together and solve the problem using a completely different paradigm. Examples include the line-segment intersection methods of Riib [36] and Goodrich [18], the
System design and algorithm implementation of embedded intelligent car

A design of an intelligent car based on Infineon SAF-XC878-CM-16FFI chip with the functions of record, obstacle avoidance and optimizing the routes is proposed in this paper. Combined with infrared sensors, DC motors, Hall circuit, portable keyboard screen and routing algorithm, the intelligent car implements these functions in real-time. The comparison of the computer simulation and field tests of the intelligent car shows the design's effectiveness. Furthermore, compared with the traditional intelligent cars, this paper provides a design with smaller size, lower power consumption and more advanced functions.