Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical spectral clustering based large margin classification of visually correlated categories

Object recognition is one of the challenging tasks in computer vision and the problem becomes increasingly difficult when the image categories are visually correlated among themselves i.e. they are visually similar and only fine differences exist among the categories. This paper has a two-fold objective which involves organization of the image categories in a hierarchical tree like structure using self tuning spectral clustering for exploiting the correlations among them. The organization phase is followed by a node specific large margin nearest neighbor classification scheme, where a Mahalnobis distance metric is learnt for each non-leaf node. Further a procedure for hyperparameters selection has been discussed w.r. t two strategies i.e. grid search and Bayesian optimization. The proposed algorithm's effectiveness is tested on selected classes of the popular Imagenet dataset.
FASHION: Fault-Aware Self-Healing Intelligent On-chip Network

To avoid packet loss and deadlock scenarios that arise due to faults or power gating in multicore and many-core systems, the network-on-chip needs to possess resilient communication and load-balancing properties. In this work, we introduce the Fashion router, a self-monitoring and self-reconfiguring design that allows for the on-chip network to dynamically adapt to component failures. First, we introduce a distributed intelligence unit, called Self-Awareness Module (SAM), which allows the router to detect permanent component failures and build a network connectivity map. Using local information, SAM adapts to faults, guarantees connectivity and deadlock-free routing inside the maximal connected subgraph and keeps routing tables up-to-date. Next, to reconfigure network links or virtual channels around faulty/power-gated components, we add bidirectional link and unified virtual channel structure features to the Fashion router. This version of the router, named Ex-Fashion, further mitigates the negative system performance impacts, leads to larger maximal connected subgraph and sustains a relatively high degree of fault-tolerance. To support the router, we develop a fault diagnosis and recovery algorithm executed by the Built-In Self-Test, self-monitoring, and self-reconfiguration units at runtime to provide fault-tolerant system functionalities. The Fashion router places no restriction on topology, position or number of faults. It drops 54.3-55.4% fewer nodes for same number of faults (between 30 and 60 faults) in an 8x8 2D-mesh over other state-of-the-art solutions. It is scalable and efficient. The area overheads are 2.311% and 2.659% when implemented in 8x8 and 16x16 2D-meshes using the TSMC 65nm library at 1.38GHz clock frequency.
Chandra X-Ray Observations of Young Clusters. III. NGC 2264 and the Orion Flanking Fields

Chandra observations of solar-like pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars in the Orion flanking fields (FFs; age ∼1 Myr) and NGC 2264 (∼3 Myr) are compared with the results of the Chandra Orion Ultradeep Project survey of similar objects in the Orion Nebula cluster (ONC; ∼0.5 Myr). The correlations between log LX and mass found for PMS stars on convective tracks in these clusters are consistent with the relationships found for the ONC, indicating little change in the median values of either log LX or log LX/Lbol during the first ∼3-5 Myr of evolution down convective tracks. The fraction of stars with extreme values of LX, more than 10 times higher than the average for a given Lbol, or with log LX/Lbol greater than the canonical saturation value of -2.9, is, however, larger by a factor of 2 in the younger ONC when compared with the Orion FFs and NGC 2264. PMS stars in NGC 2264 on radiative tracks have LX/Lbol values that are systematically lower by a factor of ∼10 than those found for stars of similar mass on convective tracks. The dramatic decrease in flux from convective to radiative phases of PMS evolution is likely related to major structural changes that influence the efficiency of magnetic field generation and thus the level of magnetic activity. As in the ONC, we find that stars with measured periods have, on average, higher X-ray luminosities. However, there is a wide range in LX and LX/Lbol for both periodic and nonperiodic stars of similar mass. Among stars with measured periods, the level of X-ray emission does not correlate with the rotation rate. For this data set, we find no statistically significant correlation between X-ray flux and (1) the presence or absence of circumstellar accretion disks or (2) disk accretion rates as assessed from ultraviolet excesses.
The direct health services costs of providing assisted reproduction services in overweight or obese women: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis.

BACKGROUND Prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising. Hence, it is likely that a higher proportion of women undergoing assisted reproduction treatment are overweight or obese. METHODS In a retrospective cross-sectional analysis using routinely collected data of an IVF Unit and maternity hospital in a tertiary care setting in the UK, direct costs were assessed for all weight classes. Costs for underweight, overweight and obese were compared with those for women with normal body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Of 1756 women, who underwent their first cycle of IVF between 1997 and 2006, 43 (2.4%) were underweight; 988 (56.3%) had normal BMI; 491 (28.0%) were overweight; 148 (8.4%) were obese (class I) and 86 (4.9%) were obese (class II). The mean (95% CI) cost of each live birth resulting from IVF was pound 18,747 (13 864-27 361) in underweight group; pound 16,497 (15 374-17 817) in women with normal BMI; pound 18,575 (16,648-21,081) in overweight women; pound 18,805 (15 397-23 554) in obese class I; pound 20,282 (15 288-28 424) in obese class II or over. CONCLUSIONS The cost of a live birth resulting from IVF is not different in underweight, overweight and obese class I when compared with women with normal BMI. However, due to increased obstetric complications weight loss should still be recommended prior to commencing IVF even in overweight or obese (class I) women.
The EITC: Expectation, Knowledge, Use, and Economic and Social Mobility

This paper presents our findings on the knowledge and use of the 1997 Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) based on a sample of Chicago area households, with children, that filed tax returns in the winter and spring of 1998. Respondents reported in detail about using their federal tax refunds (including the EITC) to pay bills, purchase new items, or save. Data were also gathered on respondents' prior knowledge of the EITC and their ability to make particular expenditures without the help of the EITC. Uses of the EITC are divided into those that improve economic and social mobility (e. g., purchase a car, pay tuition, change residence) and those that primarily help to make ends meet (e. g., pay routine bills, purchase food). This is among the first papers to address these issues, despite the fact that the EITC is our largest refundable tax credit program targeted at low-income families.
Reading Achievement and Family Literacy Behaviors of Black Boys

xiv Acknowledgements . xv Chapter 1 . 1 Reading Achievement and Family Literacy Behaviors . 1 Literacy Behaviors Impacting Reading Achievement. 4 National Initiatives and Political Influences that Support Reading Achievement . 6 Purpose of the Study . 7 Research Questions . 8 Research Hypothesis . 8 Variables . 8 Definition of Terms . 9 Significance of the Study . 13 Limitations . 15 Summary . 16 Chapter 2 . 17 Theoretical Framework . 17 Impact of Family . 19 Parent Involvement . 21 Influence of Parent Education: Beliefs and Practices . 25 Parent Involvement for Reading-Black Boys . 26 Black Parents’ Responsibilities for Their Children . 28 Black Boys and Reading . 29 Culturally Responsive Teaching . 36 Reading Comprehension . 38 Ethnic-Racial Socialization Practices . 41 Summary . 44 Chapter 3 . 47 Research Design and Methodology . 47 Justification for Research Design . 47 READING ACHIEVEMENT ix Research Questions . 50 Research Hypothesis . 51 Methods of Study . 51 Study Site . 51 Research Variables . 51 Sampling . 52 Research Instruments . 52 Parent Questionnaire . 53 The Missouri Assessment Performance . 54 The Standardized Test of Assessment of Reading . 56 Data Collection Methods . 58 Institutional Review Board . 59 Data Analysis . 60 Qualitative Data Analysis . 62 Summary . 63 Chapter 4 . 65 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 1: Home Literacy Practices . 66 Findings for Home Literacy Practices . 70 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 1: Reading Activities at Home . 70 Findings for Reading Activities at Home . 77 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 1: Parent/Child Experiences . 78 Findings for Parent/Child Experiences . 87 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys . 89 Findings . 91 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys . 92 Findings . 95 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys . 96 Findings . 97 READING ACHIEVEMENT x Qualitative Data Analysis . 98 Summary . 106 Chapter 5 . 107 Discussion . 108 Home literacy practices of 3 rd grade parents . 110 Home literacy practices of 4 th grade parents . 110 Home literacy practices of 5 th grade parents . 111 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys in 3 rd grade . 112 Findings . 113 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys in the 4 th grade . 114 Findings . 114 Results of the Data Analysis for Research Question 2: Correlation between Home Literacy Practices and Reading Performance of Elementary Black Boys in the 5 th grade . 115 Findings . 115 Interpretation . 115 The results of qualitative data analysis and
Hashing fingerprints for identity de-duplication

Fraudulent identities of multiple enrollments usually link to fraud and serious breaches of law. With the vast biometric data collection, identity de-duplication has become the processing bottleneck of biometric enrollments. Recently, locality sensitive hashing (LSH) based methods have been introduced for fast retrieval of biometric identities. Most of them are working in the binary space. This paper proposes a new fingerprint indexing method based on a variant of LSH called spherical LSH (S-LSH). The proposed S-LSH based algorithm is able to hash fingerprint templates directly in the original feature space and thus avoid the intermediate step of binary transformation. In this way, S-LSH can better preserve the interpoint similarity of minutiae points. We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the new S-LSH based approach by performing fingerprint indexing experiments on the FVC2002 DB1 database and comparing it with a state-of-the-art hashing based fingerprint indexing method.
An Adaptive Acoustic Echo Canceler for Hands-Free Teleconferencing

Abstract Porayath, R. , Doherty, J. F. , and Russell, S. F. , An Adaptive Acoustic Echo Canceler for Hands-Free Teleconferencing,Digital Signal Processing6(1996), 29–36. A new technique for high quality acoustic echo cancellation in teleconference and speaker phone systems has been developed. The new echo canceler is based on an enhanced adaptive filtering algorithm and uses a spread-spectrum-based technique to mitigate the effects of double talk. The test facility used to develop this new acoustic echo canceler and the system design of echo canceler are described.
Adaptive channel allocation for wireless multimedia services using a Semi-Markov Decision Process

This paper considers adaptive resource allocation for elastic wireless multimedia services in service-oriented networks. To capture the dynamics of user arrivals and departures, the resource allocation problem for wireless multimedia services is formulated as a Semi-Markov Decision Process (SMDP). An optimal decision is made to maximize the overall system reward and the Quality of Service (QoS) of elastic wireless multimedia services based on the available network resources considering the balance between network income and resource costs. Results are presented which demonstrate that the proposed adaptive channel allocation technique for multimedia services can achieve higher system rewards and lower service blocking probabilities compared to the commonly employed greedy resource allocation algorithm.
Automated segmentation of a ventricle boundary from CT brain image based on naïve Bayes classifier

The ventricle is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain. Some brain diseases are caused by changing of the ventricle shape or volume. The ventricle shape and volume are used to diagnose patients who have brain diseases. This paper proposes an algorithm of digital image processing for segmentation of a ventricle from CT brain images. The process starts with normalizing the CT brain images and extracts the region of interest using profile of gray level. In the segmentation step, we apply Bayesian segmentation to classify intensities into 3 classes: white matter, gray matter, and CSF. The proposed algorithm segments the area of CSF that is obtained by the posterior probability from Bayes' rule. Finally, the ventricle is evaluated with the relatively ground truth from a neurologists. Our experimental results from the proposed algorithm reveal a low error of 3.14% and a standard deviation of 1.41.
M-TRAN: self-reconfigurable modular robotic system

In this paper, a novel robotic system called modular transformer (M-TRAN) is proposed. M-TRAN is a distributed, self-reconfigurable system composed of homogeneous robotic modules. The system can change its configuration by changing each module's position and connection. Each module is equipped with an onboard microprocessor, actuators, intermodule communication/power transmission devices and intermodule connection mechanisms. The special design of M-TRAN module realizes both reliable and quick self-reconfiguration and versatile robotic motion. For instance, M-TRAN is able to metamorphose into robotic configurations such as a legged machine and hereby generate coordinated walking motion without any human intervention. An actual system with ten modules was built and basic operations of self-reconfiguration and motion generation were examined through experiments. A series of software programs has also been developed to drive M-TRAN hardware, including a simulator of M-TRAN kinematics, a user interface to design appropriate configurations and motion sequences for given tasks, and an automatic motion planner for a regular cluster of M-TRAN modules. These software programs are integrated into the M-TRAN system supervised by a host computer. Several demonstrations have proven its capability as a self-reconfigurable robot.
C APITAL ? A STUDY OF INTERACTION IN A RURAL COMMUNITY

What is social capital? In answering this question, the paper reports on new research which differentiates between the social interactive processes and social capital as the product of that process. Following a review of literature, structured as a social theory against which social capital might be understood, the paper then describes a study of a rural community, and reports on two analyses of data which contribute to answering the question, ‘What is the nature of the interactive productivity between the local networks in a community? ’ The paper concludes that social capital, for which a new definition is forwarded, can only ‘exist’ if it is somehow able to be produced. This is the chief assumption of the paper. Social capital is a defined as an accumulation of the knowledge and identity resources drawn on by communities-of-common-purpose. If social capital originates in micro interactions which are in turn embedded in a macro social order, then these processes and connections should be observable. This paper makes an initial contribution to the establishment of such micro to macro links.
Nexavar/Stivarga and Viagra Interact to Kill Tumor Cells

We determined whether the multi‐kinase inhibitor sorafenib or its derivative regorafenib interacted with phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as Viagra (sildenafil) to kill tumor cells. PDE5 and PDGFRα/β were over‐expressed in liver tumors compared to normal liver tissue. In multiple cell types in vitro sorafenib/regorafenib and PDE5 inhibitors interacted in a greater than additive fashion to cause tumor cell death, regardless of whether cells were grown in 10 or 100% human serum. Knock down of PDE5 or of PDGFRα/β recapitulated the effects of the individual drugs. The drug combination increased ROS/RNS levels that were causal in cell killing. Inhibition of CD95/FADD/caspase 8 signaling suppressed drug combination toxicity. Knock down of ULK‐1, Beclin1, or ATG5 suppressed drug combination lethality. The drug combination inactivated ERK, AKT, p70 S6K, and mTOR and activated JNK. The drug combination also reduced mTOR protein expression. Activation of ERK or AKT was modestly protective whereas re‐expression of an activated mTOR protein or inhibition of JNK signaling almost abolished drug combination toxicity. Sildenafil and sorafenib/regorafenib interacted in vivo to suppress xenograft tumor growth using liver and colon cancer cells. From multiplex assays on tumor tissue and plasma, we discovered that increased FGF levels and ERBB1 and AKT phosphorylation were biomarkers that were directly associated with lower levels of cell killing by ‘rafenib + sildenafil. Our data are now being translated into the clinic for further determination as to whether this drug combination is a useful anti‐tumor therapy for solid tumor patients. J. Cell. Physiol. 230: 2281–2298, 2015. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Cellular Physiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Modeling Complement Types in Phrase-Based SMT

We explore two approaches to model complement types (NPs and PPs) in an Englishto-German SMT system: A simple abstract representation inserts pseudo-prepositions that mark the beginning of noun phrases, to improve the symmetry of source and target complement types, and to provide a flat structural information on phrase boundaries. An extension of this representation generates context-aware synthetic phrasetable entries conditioned on the source side, to model complement types in terms of grammatical case and preposition choice. Both the simple preposition-informed system and the context-aware system significantly improve over the baseline; and the context-aware system is slightly better than the system without context information.
Generalized Algebraic Bargmann-Darboux Transformations

Algebraic Bargmann and Darboux transformations for equations of a more general form than the Schrodinger ones with an additional functional dependence h(r) in the right-hand side of equations are constructed. The suggested generalized transformations turn into the Bargmann and Darboux transformations for both fixed and variable values of energy and an angular momentum.
A Traffic Monitoring Method for High Speed Networks

Abnormal traffic that causes various problems on the Internet, such as P2P flows, DDoS attacks, and Internet worms, is increasing; therefore, the importance of methods that identify and control abnormal traffic is also increasing. Though the application of frequent-itemset-mining techniques is a promising way to analyze Internet traffic, the huge amount of data on the Internet prevents such techniques from being effective. The limitation of DRAM memory access speed makes this problem further difficult. To overcome this problem, we have developed a simple frequent-itemset-mining method that uses only a small amount of memory but is effective even with the large volumes of data associated with broadband Internet traffic. We show that our method can analyze host's behavior and find P2P software, spams, and scans in Internet traffic. In this paper, a hash-based packet aggregation method and a multi-thread cardinality analysis method are proposed to achieve real-time analyzing ability for 13-Gbps networks.
LIG approach for IWSLT09

This paper describes the LIG experiments in the co ntext of IWSLT09 evaluation (Arabic to English Statistical Machine Translation task). Arabic is a morphologically rich language, and recent experimentations in our laboratory have shown that the performance of Arabic to English SMT systems varies greatly according to the Arabic morphological segmenters applied. Based on this observation, we propose to use simultaneously multiple segmentations for machine translation of Arabic. The core idea is to keep the ambiguity of the Arabic segmentation in the system input (using confusion networks or lattices). Then, we hope that the best segmentation will be chosen during MT decoding. The mathematics of this multiple segmentation approach are given. Practical implementations in the case of verbatim text translation as well as speech translation (outside of the scope of IWSLT09 this year) are proposed. Experiments conducted in the framework of IWSLT evaluation campaign show the potential of the multiple segmentation approach. The last part of this paper explains in detail the different systems submitted by LIG at IWSLT09 and the results obtained.
A New Approach to Web Data Mining Based on Cloud Computing

Web data mining aims at discovering useful knowledge from various Web resources. There is a growing trend among companies, organizations, and individuals alike of gathering information through Web data mining to utilize that information in their best interest. In science, cloud computing is a synonym for distributed computing over a network; cloud computing relies on the sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale, similar to a utility over a network, and means the ability to run a program or application on many connected computers at the same time. In this paper, we propose a new system framework based on the Hadoop platform to realize the collection of useful information of Web resources. The system framework is based on the Map/Reduce programming model of cloud computing. We propose a new data mining algorithm to be used in this system framework. Finally, we prove the feasibility of this approach by simulation experiment.
Persistence and brain circuitry

The orbitofrontal and adjacent medial prefrontal cortex may play an important role in normal social functioning and affect modulation. Recent anatomical studies of this area of the prefrontal cortex have demonstrated a striking correspondence of fine-grained architectonic partitioning schemes in humans and nonhuman primates. This finding allows neurophysiological recording and anatomical connectivity data in animals to be considered together with functional imaging data and lesion studies in humans. In a functional MRI study, we show that individual differences in Persistence, a dimensional trait assessed with a seven-factor personality model, may be linked to specific areas in the lateral orbital and medial prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum. These areas are part of an anatomical circuit that has been defined in nonhuman primates and has been implicated in functions related to behavioral persistence. These findings represent a fresh approach to linking normal individual differences in personality and behavior to specific neuronal structures and subsystems.
Incorporating Unsupervised Features into CRF based Named Entity Recognition

We participated in the extraction of complaint and diagnosis Task and the normalization of complaint and diagnosis Task of MedNLP2 in NTCIR11. In the extraction Task, we use CRF based Named Entity Recognition method. Moreover, we incorporate unsupervised features learned from raw corpus into CRF. We show such unsupervised features improve system performance. Team Name CL