Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Structure of China Education Network

China Education Network(CEN) is a subnet of World Wide Web. It is constructed by documents and their links of. edu.cn domain which contains 366422 documents with 540755 URLs in China Education and Research Network. By studying the structure of china education network, this paper researched the network's topologic structure, bow tie picture, connected components' structure in detail. The results can help us to understand the interesting properties of the network. It gives some new ideas to improve searching strategy and searching engine function.
Preclinical Development Targeting Radiation-Induced G 2 Checkpoint Activation with the Wee1 Inhibitor MK-1775 in Glioblastoma Cell Lines

Thepurpose of this studywas todetermine the capacity ofMK-1775, apotentWee-1 inhibitor, to abrogate the radiation-induced G2 checkpoint arrest andmodulate radiosensitivity in glioblastoma cell models and normal human astrocytes. The radiation-induced checkpoint response of established glioblastoma cell lines, glioblastoma neural stem (GNS) cells, and astrocytes were determined in vitro by flow cytometry and in vivo by mitosis-specific staining using immunohistochemistry. Mechanisms underlying MK-1775 radiosensitization were determined by mitotic catastrophe and gH2AX expression. Radiosensitivity was determined in vitro by the clonogenic assay and in vivo by tumor growth delay. MK-1775 abrogated the radiation-induced G2 checkpoint and enhanced radiosensitivity in established glioblastoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo, without modulating radiation response in normal human astrocytes.MK-1775 appeared to attenuate the early-phase of the G2 checkpoint arrest in GNS cell lines, although the arrest was not sustained and did not lead to increased radiosensitivity. These results show that MK-1775 can selectively enhance radiosensitivity in established glioblastoma cell lines. Further work is required to determine the role Wee-1 plays in checkpoint activation of GNS cells. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(12); 2405–14. 2011 AACR.
The C/EBPδ tumor suppressor is silenced by hypermethylation in acute myeloid leukemia

Aberrant DNA methylation is the most frequent molecular alteration in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify methylation-silenced genes in AML, we performed microarray analyses in U937 cells exposed to the demethylating agent 5-aza-deoxy-cytidine. Overall, 274 transcripts were significantly induced. Interestingly, C/EBPδ expression was significantly induced (more than 10-fold) by demethylation whereas expression of all other C/EBP family members remained unchanged. The C/EBPδ promoter was strongly methylated in different leukemic cell lines and showed signs of a repressed chromatin state. Analyses of the promoter regions of the entire C/EBP family (α, β, γ, δ, ϵ, ζ) in bone marrow samples from AML patients (n = 80) and controls (n = 15) by mass spectrometry revealed that C/EBPδ is the most commonly hypermethylated C/EBP gene in AML. Hypermethylation occurred in more than 35% of AML patients at primary diagnosis. A significant correlation ( P = .016) was observed between hypermethylation of the C/EBPδ promoter and low expression of C/EBPδ in AML patients. C/EBPδ promoter activity was strongly repressed by methylation in vitro, and transcriptional repression partially depended on MeCP2 activity. C/EBPδ exhibited growth-inhibitory properties in primary progenitor cells as well as in Flt3-ITD–transformed cells. Taken together, C/EBPδ is a novel tumor suppressor gene in AML that is silenced by promoter methylation.
In vivo effects of fenpropimorph on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and determination of the molecular basis of the antifungal property

The effects of fenpropimorph on sterol biosynthesis and growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were examined to pinpoint the mode of action of fungicides that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis. Taking advantage of sterol auxotrophy and sterol permeability in mutant strains, we show that growth inhibition is strongly correlated with inhibition of sterol biosynthesis. We confirm that in vivo and at low concentrations, fenpropimorph inhibits delta 8----delta 7-sterol isomerase, and in addition, when it is used at higher concentrations, it inhibits delta 14-sterol reductase. We show also that the fungistatic effect of fenpropimorph is not due to the accumulation of abnormal sterols in treated cells but is linked to the specific inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis, leading to the arrest of cell proliferation in the unbudded G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Growth of high-purity semi-insulating bulk GaAs for integrated-circuit applications

Growth of high-purity bulk semi-insulating GaAs by the Liquid-Encapsulated Czochralski (LEC) method has produced thermally stable, high-resistivity crystals suitable for use in direct ion implantation. Large round substrates have become available for integrated-circuit processing. The implanted wafers have excellent electrical uniformity (±4 percent V<inf>p</inf>) and have shown electron mobility as high as 4800cm<sup>2</sup>/V.s for Se implants with 1.7 × 10<sup>17</sup>cm<sup>-3</sup>peak doping. Careful control of background doping through in situ synthesis has produced GaAs with Si concentrations as low as 6 × 10<sup>14</sup>cm<sup>-3</sup>grown from SiO<inf>2</inf>crucibles. Detailed results of qualification tests for ion implantation in LEC GaAs will be discussed. Feasibility of successful high-speed GaAs large-scale integrated circuits using LEC substrates will be described.
Dose-effect Relationship of Bolus 5-Fluorouracil in the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer

The effect of different dose intensities of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in advanced colorectal cancer was investigated. A total of 312 patients were randomized to receive 400 mg/m 2 (group A), 500 mg/m 2 (group B) or 600 mg/m 2 (group C) of 5-FU with leucovorin 60 mg/m 2 on two consecutive days every second week. Treatment continued to progression. Pharmacokinetic analyses with calculation of the area under the concentration (AUC) were performed in 91 patients. The primary endpoint was survival, and secondary endpoints were time to disease progression, toxicity and, if the disease was measurable, tumour response. The study was well balanced in the three groups with respect to a number of patient characteristics. Crude survival as estimated by Kaplan-Meier plots was not statistically significantly different (p=0.07) but tended to show the best results in the intermediate dose group (median survival 10, 12.5 and 10 months, respectively). Analyses of time to progression or death showed significant differences among the three groups (p=0.02) with the longest progression-free interval in the intermediate group receiving 500 mg/m 2 . The objective response rates were 23%, 39% and 28%, respectively (p=0.02). The actual/projected dose intensity (mg/m 2 /week) was 92%, 92% and 84%, respectively. AUC did not correlate with response or survival. The frequency of severe side effects in group C was significantly higher than that of groups A and B. The study indicated that an increase from 800 to 1000 mg/m 2 of bolus 5-FU fortnightly improved the treatment results but a further increase only worsened the toxicity.
Changes in Pancreatic Glutathione Peroxidase and Superoxide Dismutase Activities in the Prediabetic Diabetes-Prone BB Rat

Abstract Pancreatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities were measured during the development of diabetes in diabetesprone BB rats (BBdp) prior to insulin dependence. The pancreata from seven to eight BBdp rats of each sex were examined at ages 5, 7, 10, and 18 weeks and compared with age-matched control BB rats (BBc). At Week 18, BBdp rats had moderate to high Insulitis but normal levels of blood glucose and insulin. Pancreatic CuZnSOD activity in BBdp rats was two times higher than the activity seen in BBc rats at age 5–10 weeks but then declined to the same level as seen in BBc rats at 18 weeks of age. MnSOD activity Increased over time in the BBdp rats but remained very low in BBc rats. These changes in CuZnSOD and MnSOD activity resulted in BBdp rats having twice the pancreatic total SOD activity compared with BBc rats (P < 0.0001). Total GSHPx activity was significantly reduced in the pancreata from both male and female BBdp rats compared with their respective controls (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The lower total GSHPx activity was due to reduced selenium-dependent GSHPx (SeGSHPx) activity. Erythrocyte and plasma activity of these enzymes was not different between rats with or without insulitis, indicating that differences in enzyme activities were confined to the pancreas. Thus, changes in pancreatic antioxidant enzyme activities occur prior to the development of diabetes symptoms in BBdp rats and may be related to the destruction of the pancreatic B cells and ultimate development of diabetes.
Cladistic Analysis of Haplotypes as an Attempt to Detect Disease Susceptibility

We report the results of our analyses of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 12 simulated data set, using phylogenetic methods to reconstruct the history of haplotypes. We selected candidate gene 1 and 6, drawn from the isolate population. In a first step, haplotypes were inferred using family data. In a second step, cladistic approaches were performed to select the most parsimonious trees under various conditions of character state transformation and ancestral hypotheses, in order to check whether the affected status is more frequent in some clades than in others. Sites which are synapormophies of such clades can be viewed as candidate sites for the disease susceptibility. The method seems to be efficient for the candidate gene 1, but not for the candidate gene 6. Effects of the genetic model underlying the affection status are discussed, particularly dominance, penetrance, and, in the context of this simulated data, procedure followed to generate haplotypes. These preliminary results deserve further investigations. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An A/D Converter for Multimode Wireless Receivers, Based on the Cascade of a Double-Sampling$SigmaDelta$Modulator and a Flash Converter

This work proposes an architecture for an analog-to-digital converter intended for a multimode wireless receiver. The architecture is based on the cascade of a single-bit 2-1 sigma-delta modulator and a 4-bit flash converter. Furthermore such an architecture is mapped in a modular implementation, which allows to easily reconfigure modulator order, oversampling ratio and equivalent number of bits of the internal quantizer. As a consequence, the proposed converter can fulfil the requirement of a wide range of standards: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Bluetooth, universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), and wireless local area network (WLAN)a. The paper discusses extensively the effects of circuit nonidealities on the converter performance, in order to single out the most suited setup for the programmable parameters and to demonstrate the practical feasibility of the proposed system. The converter figures of merit have been quantified by means of transistor-level and behavioral simulations: the achieved dynamic range is 85, 72, 62, and 59 dB for GSM, Bluetooth, UMTS, and WLANa, respectively. The corresponding power consumption is 4.6, 5.5, 7.4, and 18.9 mW
Unreported intrinsic disorder in proteins: Building connections to the literature on IDPs

This review opens a new series entitled “Unreported intrinsic disorder in proteins. ” The goal of this series is to bring attention of researchers to an interesting phenomenon of missed (or overlooked, or ignored, or unreported) disorder. This series serves as a companion to “Digested Disorder” which provides a quarterly review of papers on intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) found by standard literature searches. The need for this alternative series results from the observation that there are numerous publications that describe IDPs (or hybrid proteins with ordered and disordered regions) yet fail to recognize many of the key discoveries and publications in the IDP field. By ignoring the body of work on IDPs, such publications often fail to relate their findings to prior discoveries or fail to explore the obvious implications of their work. Thus, the goal of this series is not only to review these very interesting and important papers, but also to point out how each paper relates to the IDP field and show how common tools in the IDP field can readily take the findings in new directions or provide a broader context for the reported findings.
X-ray inclined lens.

As defined here, the term ;inclined lens' means a longitudinal parabolic groove fabricated into a crystal monochromator. If properly designed, it should provide the horizontal (sagittal) focusing of an X-ray beam. The focusing is based on the sagittal deviation of the beam diffracted on the wall of the groove. This effect follows from the dynamical theory of inclined diffraction. The focusing efficiency is limited compared with other methods. On the other hand, the simplicity is the main advantage of this device. The exact shape of the groove is calculated and several methods of keeping the vertical dimension of the beam small are proposed.
Chylous ascites as a complication of left sided robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to present a case series of the sparsely reported complication of chylous ascites (CA) after left sided robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN), identify possible risk factors for the development of postoperative CA, and explore current recommendations for identification, management and prevention of CA. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective review of patients that were treated with a RALPN during a one year time period (August 2012 to August 2013) by one surgeon at our institution was conducted. A total of 12 patients were included in the study. Demographics, tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes were assessed. RESULTS Three patients in the study experienced postoperative CA. All three patients had left sided surgery. The initial clinical suspicion for CA was raised due to complaints of abdominal pain with increased milky appearance of JP fluid. JP triglycerides were elevated in all three patients. The patients responded to conservative measures, with two patients treated with medium chain triglyceride diets and one patient treated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Among the patients treated with RALPN, the group that was diagnosed with postoperative CA (CA group) was found to have a statistically significant lower average body mass index (BMI) as compared to the group that did not have CA (non-CA group) (24.67 kg/m2 in the CA group versus 31.77 kg/m2 in the non-CA group; P = 0.026). Other demographic data, tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS CA as a result of RALPN is a newly reported and rare postoperative complication. As utilization of RALPN continues to increase, urologists should be aware of this possible complication and be adept at diagnosing and managing CA. We suggest that left sided retroperitoneal surgery and a lower BMI preoperatively be considered risk factors for developing this complication.
Uniform Heating during Focused Ultrasound Thermal Therapy

The focal spot of a high intensity focused ultrasou nd transducer is small. To heat a large target volume, ultiple treatment spots are required. If the power of each treatment spo is fixed, it could results in insufficient heating of initial spots an d over-heating of later ones, which is caused by the thermal diffusion. Hen ce, to produce a uniform heated volume, the delivered energy of each treatment spot should be properly adjusted. In this study, we prop osed an iterative, extrapolation technique to adjust the required ultr asound energy of each treatment spot. Three different scanning pathw ays were used to evaluate the performance of this technique. Results indicate that by using the proposed technique, uniform heating volum e could be obtained. Keywords—focused ultrasound, thermal therapy, uniform heatin g, iteration, extrapolation, scan
Dietary Patterns and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Investigation of the relationship between dietary patterns and some chronic noncommunicable diseases has become appealing in nutritional epidemiology. Some studies have reported potential associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, the results remain conflicting. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to pool the results of studies to clarify the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A literature search of MEDLINE and EBSCO databases was performed to identify relevant studies published from January 1990 up to June 2015. A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of healthy/prudent dietary patterns when compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.55; CI: 0.46, 0.66; P < 0.0001). An increase in the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of “unhealthy/western-style” dietary patterns (OR = 2.12; CI: 1.64, 2.74; P < (0.0001). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that different dietary pattern may be associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Profiling gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor in prostate tissues: Clinical implications and molecular correlates

The gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) has emerged as an attractive target for both therapeutic and diagnostic appliances, but has only insufficiently been characterized in the human prostate so far. The aim of this study is to profile GRPR in a large cohort and correlate it with clinicopathologic and molecular parameters.
Chromosome STR Analysis in Forensic Practice

Currently, the gradual introduction and routine application of validated Y chromosomal STR systems in stain analysis is being experienced. These systems are powerful forensic tools especially for the area of sexual assault evidence and are superior to autosomal systems for two reasons: the differential cell lysis step prior to the PCR is replaced by a sex chromosome selection during PCR and the recognition and interpretation of perpetrator profile(s) is facilitated because a female profile does not occur.
Genetic inhibition of autophagy promotes p53 loss-of-heterozygosity and tumorigenesis

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that plays an essential role in enabling eukaryotic organisms to adapt to nutrient deprivation and other forms of environmental stress. In metazoan organisms, autophagy is essential for differentiation and normal development; however, whether the autophagy pathway promotes or inhibits tumorigenesis is controversial, and the possible mechanisms linking defective autophagy to cancer remain unclear. To determine if autophagy is important for tumor suppression, we inhibited autophagy in transgenic zebrafish via stable, tissue-specific expression of a dominant-negative autophagy protein Atg5K130R. In heterozygous tp53 mutants, expression of dominant-negative atg5K130R increased tumor incidence and decreased tumor latency compared to non-transgenic heterozygous tp53 mutant controls. In a tp53-deficient background, Tg(mitfa:atg5K130R) mutantsdeveloped malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), neuroendocrine tumors and small-cell tumors. Expression of a Sox10-dependent GFP transgene in the tumors demonstrated their origin from neural crest cells, lending support to a model in which mitfa-expressing cells can arise from sox10+ Schwann cell precursors. Tumors from the transgenic animals exhibited increased DNA damage and loss-of-heterozygosity of tp53. Taken together, our data indicate that genetic inhibition of autophagy promotes tumorigenesis in tp53 mutant zebrafish, and suggest a possible role for autophagy in the regulation of genome stability during oncogenesis.
Variational approach for the quantum Zakharov system

The quantum Zakharov system is described in terms of a Lagrangian formalism. A time-dependent Gaussian trial function approach for the envelope electric field and the low-frequency part of the density fluctuation leads to a coupled, nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations. In the semiclassical case, linear stability analysis of this dynamical system shows a destabilizing role played by quantum effects. Arbitrary values of the quantum effects are also considered, yielding the ultimate destruction of the localized, Gaussian trial solution. Numerical simulations are shown for both the semiclassical and the full quantum cases.
Garnet Peridotite Xenoliths and Xenocrysts from the Monk Hill Kimberlite, South Australia: Insights into the Lithospheric Mantle beneath the Adelaide Fold Belt

A total of 73 peridotitic mantle xenoliths and a set of garnet and clinopyroxene xenocrysts from the recently discovered Jurassic Monk Hill kimberlite (UCO-H77A) in South Australia were used to constrain the thermal and compositional structure of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Adelaide Fold Belt, which is located at the southeastern margin of the Australian craton. The xenoliths contain mostly lherzolitic mineral assemblages (garnetþ cpxþ opx chromite), but lack preserved olivine as a result of alteration. Pressure and temperature estimates for the suite of xenoliths (73 samples) follow an array from 1·2 GPa and 6508C to 5· 0 GPa and 13008C, which reflects the conductive geothermal gradient for this region at the time of kimberlite emplacement (Jurassic, 189 Ma). Based on the projected intercept of the geotherm with the mantle adiabat, the maximum depth of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Monk Hill kimberlite is estimated to be around 160^ 180 km, with the base of the lithosphere lying marginally outside the diamond stability field. The results challenge previously proposed paleogeotherms for this region, which are either significantly hotter or significantly cooler. Sm^Nd isotope data for high-T garnet and clinopyroxene megacrysts define a robust isochron (189 17 Ma), which reflects theJurassic emplacement age of the Monk Hill kimberlite. This indicates that minerals from deeper parts of the lithosphere were in isotopic equilibrium and exhumed during the kimberlite eruption from temperatures above the Sm^Nd closure temperature for garnet and clinopyroxene.Within the suite of peridotite xenoliths from Monk Hill, abundant low-T (510008C) xenoliths can be distinguished from a less common high-T (410008C) population. The high-T xenolith population is characterized by titanium-enriched compositions, suggesting that the deeper parts of the lithosphere were affected by pervasive melt metasomatism.This interpretation is supported by the trace element compositions (rare earth elements, high field strength elements) of the garnet and clinopyroxene xenocrysts.