Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Link Community Detection Using Generative Model and Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

Discovery of communities in complex networks is a fundamental data analysis problem with applications in various domains. While most of the existing approaches have focused on discovering communities of nodes, recent studies have shown the advantages and uses of link community discovery in networks. Generative models provide a promising class of techniques for the identification of modular structures in networks, but most generative models mainly focus on the detection of node communities rather than link communities. In this work, we propose a generative model, which is based on the importance of each node when forming links in each community, to describe the structure of link communities. We proceed to fit the model parameters by taking it as an optimization problem, and solve it using nonnegative matrix factorization. Thereafter, in order to automatically determine the number of communities, we extend the above method by introducing a strategy of iterative bipartition. This extended method not only finds the number of communities all by itself, but also obtains high efficiency, and thus it is more suitable to deal with large and unexplored real networks. We test this approach on both synthetic benchmarks and real-world networks including an application on a large biological network, and compare it with two highly related methods. Results demonstrate the superior performance of our approach over competing methods for the detection of link communities.
Gains in Disability-Free Life Expectancy From Elimination of Diseases and Injuries in Japan

Background Although disability-free life expectancy has been investigated in Japan, gains from elimination of diseases and injuries have not been examined. Methods We used data from the 2007 Japanese national health statistics to calculate the number of years with and without activity limitation that could be expected from eliminating 6 selected diseases and injuries. Results At birth, the number of expected years of life without and with activity limitation was 70.8 and 8.4, respectively, in males and 74.2 and 11.8 in females. More than 1.0 expected years without activity limitation were gained from eliminating malignant neoplasms and cerebrovascular diseases; smaller gains were observed after eliminating other diseases and injuries. Elimination of cerebrovascular diseases, dementia, and fracture decreased expected years with activities of daily living (ADL) limitation, and elimination of shoulder lesions/low back pain decreased expected years with non-ADL limitation. Conclusions Elimination of diseases and injuries increased expected years with and without activity limitation among Japanese, which suggests that improved prevention of those diseases and injuries—including cerebrovascular diseases and dementia—would result in longer disability-free life expectancy and fewer years of severe disability.
Dialogical interactions among peers in collaborative writing contexts

Dialogical interactions among peers in collaborative writing contexts Book Section How to cite: Rojas-Drummond, Sylvia; Littleton, Karen; Hernandez, Flora and Zuniga, Mariana (2010). Dialogical interactions among peers in collaborative writing contexts. In: Littleton, Karen and Howe, Christine eds. Educational Dialogues, Understanding and Promoting Productive Interaction. London: Routledge, pp. 128–148.
Facilitating In-Car Use of Multi-Context Mobile Services: The Case of Mobile Telephone Conversations

This research-in-progress paper examines how to facilitate in-car use of multi-context mobile services such as mobile telephone calls, e-mail, news, and SMS. Because the car is a mobile context with specific convenience and safety problems, it is important to identify and explore seamless ways to use in-car resources such as dashboard control buttons, in-car audio systems, and in-car displays for enabling convenient and safe use of multi-context mobile services. The paper presents an interview study of mobile telephone use in cars. On the basis of this study, a prototype system, SeamlessTalk, has been developed for using in-car resources in making mobile telephone calls more convenient and traffic safe.
The Behaviour of Sentiment-Induced Share Returns: Measurement When Fundamentals are Observable

We test the effect of sentiment on returns using a sample of upstream oil stocks where we have a good proxy for fundamental value. For this sample, the influence of sentiment is highly time-varying, appearing only after the post-2000 increased interest in oil-related assets. Contrary to the hard-to-arbitrage hypothesis, sentiment affects returns on these stocks principally through their fundamentals rather than through deviations from fundamentals. Retail investor sentiment predicts short-term momentum of fundamentals and Baker–Wurgler sentiment predicts mean reversion of fundamental factors. These effects appear in a portfolio that is long hard-to-arbitrage stocks and short easy-to-arbitrage stocks, but only because this portfolio has net exposure to fundamentals.
Toward the computational prediction of muon sites and interaction parameters

The rapid developments of computational quantum chemistry methods and supercomputing facilities motivate the renewed interest in the analysis of the muon/electron interactions in $\mu$SR experiments with \emph{ab initio} approaches. Modern simulation methods seem to be able to provide the answers to the frequently asked questions of many $\mu$SR experiments: where is the muon? Is it a passive probe? What are the interaction parameters governing the muon-sample interaction? In this review we describe some of the approaches used to provide quantitative estimations of the aforementioned quantities and we provide the reader with a short discussion on the current developments in this field.
Learning the Semantics of Manipulation Action

In this paper we present a formal computational framework for modeling manipulation actions. The introduced formalism leads to semantics of manipulation action and has applications to both observing and understanding human manipulation actions as well as executing them with a robotic mechanism (e.g. a humanoid robot). It is based on a Combinatory Categorial Grammar. The goal of the introduced framework is to: (1) represent manipulation actions with both syntax and semantic parts, where the semantic part employs $\lambda$-calculus; (2) enable a probabilistic semantic parsing schema to learn the $\lambda$-calculus representation of manipulation action from an annotated action corpus of videos; (3) use (1) and (2) to develop a system that visually observes manipulation actions and understands their meaning while it can reason beyond observations using propositional logic and axiom schemata. The experiments conducted on a public available large manipulation action dataset validate the theoretical framework and our implementation.
Alvis approach to Hexor robot controller development

Alvis is a novel modelling language defined especially for the embedded systems design and verification. The language has its origin in CCS and XCCS process algebras, but algebraic equations have been replaced with a Haskell based high level programming language. Moreover, Alvis provides communication diagrams for the visual modelling of an embedded system structure, especially from the control and data-flow point of view. This paper presents an introduction to Alvis based on a model of a controller for the Hexor II mobile robot.
Skin Delivery and in Vitro Biological Evaluation of Trans-Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Skin Disorder Therapies

The aim of this study was to evaluate the skin delivery and in vitro biological activity of trans-resveratrol (RES)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The SLNs were composed of stearic acid, poloxamer 407, soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC), an aqueous phase and 0.1% RES. The particle size, polydispersity index (PdI) and zeta potential were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The SLNs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-FEG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vitro RES-SLN skin permeation/retention assays were conducted, and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated. An MTT reduction assay was performed on HaCat keratinocytes to determine in vitro cytotoxicity. The formulations had average diameter lower than 200 nm, the addition of SPC promoted increases in PdI in the RES-SLNs, but decreases PdI in the RES-free SLNs and the formulations exhibited zeta potentials smaller than −3 mV. The DSC analysis of the SLNs showed no endothermic peak attributable to RES. Microscopic analysis suggests that the materials formed had nanometric size distribution. Up to 45% of the RES permeated through the skin after 24 h. The RES-loaded SLNs were more effective than kojic acid at inhibiting tyrosinase and proved to be non-toxic in HaCat keratinocytes. The results suggest that the investigated RES-loaded SLNs have potential use in skin disorder therapies.
Anger in a Just World ?

The cognitive appraisal of an event is crucial for the elicitation and differentiation of emotions. Similar appraisals will result in similar emotions, but the appraisal of one and the same event may depend on culturally defined concepts. Appraising an event as unjust, for instance, and its agent as responsible are cognitive determinants for anger. Justice, however, is defined through cultural values, and responsibility ascription may follow culture-specific tendencies. Our interdisciplinary study scrutinizes the impact of cultural concepts on the cognitive determinants for anger in Germany and Tonga. The experimental data support our hypothesis that culturally defined self-concepts and beliefs in a just world affect the way in which unjust situations are appraised. Consequently, emotional responses differ between cultures.
Influence of Fasting Status and Sample Preparation on Metabolic Biomarker Measurements in Postmenopausal Women

Background Epidemiologic data linking metabolic markers-such as insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGFs)-and adipose tissue-derived factors with cancer are inconsistent. Between-study differences in blood collection protocols, in particular participant’s fasting status, may influence measurements. Methods We investigated the impact of fasting status and blood sample processing time on components of the insulin/IGF axis and in adipokines in a controlled feeding study of 45 healthy postmenopausal-women aged 50–75 years. Fasting blood samples were drawn (T0), after which subjects ate a standardized breakfast; subsequent blood draws were made at 1 hour (T1), 3 hours (T3), and 6 hours (T6) after breakfast. Serum samples were assayed for insulin, C-peptide, total- and free-IGF-I, IGF-binding protein [BP]-1 and -3, total and high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin, retinol binding protein-4, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and resistin. Results Insulin and C-peptide levels followed similar postprandial trajectories; intra-class correlation coefficients [ICC] for insulin = 0.75, (95%CI:0.64–0.97) and C-peptide (ICC = 0.66, 95%CI:0.54–0.77) were similarly correlated in fasting (Spearman correlation, r = 0.78, 95%CI:0.64–0.88) and postprandial states (T1, r = 0.77 (95%CI: 0.62–0.87); T3,r = 0.78 (95%CI: 0.63–0.87); T6,r = 0.77 (95%CI: 0.61–0.87)). Free-IGF-I and IGFBP-1 levels were also affected by fasting status, whereas total-IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels remained unchanged. Levels of adipokines were largely insensitive to fasting status and blood sample processing delays. Conclusion Several components of the insulin/IGF axis were significantly impacted by fasting state and in particular, C-peptide levels were substantially altered postprandially and in a similar manner to insulin.
On Estimating the Conditional Expected Shortfall

Unlike the value at risk, the expected shortfall is a coherent measure of risk. In this paper, we discuss estimation of the expected shortfall of a random variable Yt with special reference to the case when auxiliary information is available in the form of a set of predictors Xt. We consider three classes of estimators of the conditional expected shortfall of Yt given Xt: a class of fully non-parametric estimators and two classes of analog estimators based, respectively, on the empirical conditional quantile function and the empirical conditional distribution function. We study their sampling properties by means of a set of Monte Carlo experiments and analyze their performance in an empirical application to financial data. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive Kalman Filter for Time Synchronization over Packet-Switched Networks: An Heuristic Approach

The importance of Time synchronization for distributed applications is growing. The most currently used synchronization protocol is NTP [1]. NTP and GPS satisfy the majority of the world's time synchronization needs, although, GPS have limitations [2]. GPS cannot function inside buildings, or in places where there are physical obstructions and high amounts of electromagnetic noise. In addition, GPS is a costly solution. This work proposes a new approach to synchronize time among machines interconnected by computer networks, which minimizes the disturbance introduced by the network with no extra hardware cost. The methodology employs high-resolution clocks and stochastic methods to minimize the error introduced in time measurement carried out across the network. It also uses an adaptive approach to continuously tune the synchronization mechanism to the network traffic characteristics. An increase of time synchronization accuracy of two orders of magnitude, in comparison with traditional estimation methods was obtained as a result.
Analysis of GAC NDVI Data for Cropland Identification and Yield Forecasting in Mediterranean African Countries

The utilization of NOAA-AVHRR NDVI data for crop yield forecasting is of particular importance in semiarid regions where there are strong inter-year yield fluctuations due to meteorological vagaries. The present work deals with the use of monthly GAC NDVI data for the early estimation of cereal crop yield in Mediterranean African countries. A preliminary analysis showed that relatively high correlations were present between crop yield and mean NDvI values of specific months computed at national levels. The stratification of the countries according to the ~SGS global land-cover map brought only marginal correlation increases. Greater improvements were instead reached by a statistical method which allows the estimation of the per-pixel fractions of agricultural and nonagricultural vegetation. When compared to available independent maps, the areas identified in this way were confirmed to be mainly covered by crop and forest land, respectively The methodology for cropland identification and yield forecasting was finally evaluated for operational applications.
Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on TLR2 and TLR4 Expression in Patients with Gastric Lesions

Objective. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is recognized by TLR4 and TLR2 receptors, which trigger the activation of genes involved in the host immune response. Thus, we evaluated the effect of eradication therapy on TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and protein expression in H. pylori-infected chronic gastritis patients (CG-Hp+) and 3 months after treatment. Methods. A total of 37 patients CG-Hp+ were evaluated. The relative quantification (RQ) of mRNA was assessed by TaqMan assay and protein expression by immunohistochemistry. Results. Before treatment both TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA in CG-Hp+ patients were slightly increased (TLR2 = 1.32; TLR4 = 1.26) in relation to Hp-negative normal gastric mucosa (P ≤ 0.05). After successful eradication therapy no significant change was observed (TLR2 = 1.47; TLR4 = 1.53; P > 0.05). In addition, the cagA and vacA bacterial genotypes did not influence the gene expression levels, and we observed a positive correlation between the RQ values of TLR2 and TLR4, both before and after treatment. Immunoexpression of the TLR2 and TLR4 proteins confirmed the gene expression results. Conclusion. In conclusion, the expression of both TLR2 and TLR4 is increased in CG-Hp+ patients regardless of cagA and vacA status and this expression pattern is not significantly changed after eradication of bacteria, at least for the short period of time evaluated.
Technology-Facilitated Stalking and Unwanted Sexual Messages/Images in a College Campus Community: The Role of Negative Peer Support

Researchers have accumulated much social scientific knowledge about the scope, distribution, causes, and outcomes of the physical and sexual abuse of female students in North American institutions of higher learning. However, surveys of technology-facilitated stalking and the dissemination of unwanted sexual messages/images in college campus communities are in short supply. The few that have been conducted do not identify key sociological risk factors associated with these two electronic forms of victimization. This paper, then, has two objectives: (1) to examine the influence of two types of negative peer support and (2) to determine if being the target of technology-facilitated stalking and receiving unwanted sexual messages/images are associated with female students’ intimate partner violence and sexual assault experiences. The results confirm that the two variants of negative peer support examined in this study are significant predictors of digital victimization and that such abuse is strongly associated with intimate partner violence and sexual assault.
Expression and localization of GPR 109 A ( PUMA-G / HM 74 A ) mRNA and protein in mammalian retinal pigment epithelium

Purpose: GPR109A has been identified as a G-protein-coupled receptor for niacin. β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) is a physiologic ligand for the receptor. β-HB, the predominate ketone body in circulation, is an important energy source for neurons, including retinal neurons, under various physiologic and pathologic conditions. The identification of GPR109A as the receptor for β-HB suggests additional, hitherto unknown, functions for this metabolite. The circulating levels of β-HB increase in diabetes. Since retinopathy is a serious complication associated with diabetes, we investigated GPR109A expression in retina and in different retinal cell types to determine if the receptor may have a role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: RT–PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescent techniques were used to analyze GPR109A expression in mouse retina and in three transformed retinal cell lines: ARPE-19 (RPE), RGC-5 (ganglion), and rMC-1 (Müller). Activation of GPR109A by niacin and β-HB was demonstrated in ARPE-19 cells by cAMP assay. Results: Studies conducted using mouse retinal tissues demonstrated that GPR109A is expressed in retina with its expression restricted to RPE, where it differentially polarizes to the basolateral membrane. These results were confirmed with cell lines, which demonstrated GPR109A expression in ARPE-19, but not in rMC-1 and RGC-5 cells. Primary cultures of mouse RPE also showed robust expression of GPR109A. cAMP assay demonstrated that GPR109A expressed in RPE is functional. Conclusions: These data represent the first report on GPR109A expression in retina. The exclusive expression of GPR109A in RPE basolateral membrane, which has access to β-HB in blood, may have biologic importance in diabetic retinopathy.
Adoption of Mobile Services. Model Development and Cross-service Study

This study investigates the adoption of mobile services across four different service categories. The adoption model underlying the study includes analysis of the motivational, attitudinal, social and resource-related influences on adopters' intention to use mobile services. Overall, the model explains 62-75 percent of the variance in " intention to use ". Two important findings stand out as very consistent across all four studies: The relatively strong influence of intrinsic and derived motivations and the lack of influence of social norms. This latter finding is rather surprising given past research on the importance of subjective norm in the adoption of new technology-based and communication services. Also notable is the observed differences in influences across types of services. Contrary to expectations, enjoyment and expressiveness were found to be important determinants of intention to use services that were dominantly utilitarian. By the same token, results revealed few effects of attitudinal processes on intentions to use established (as opposed to new) mobile services.
User-based approach for finding various results in web usage mining

The increasing use of internet has made human a slave of technology. The dependency of the user on internet is leading to the path in which various types of knowledge that can easily be available on the internet. People get knowledge about any website or matter over the internet. The page visited and various methods used can easily be find out based on various techniques. WUM and pre-processing has shown a new field of development in web. Path completion is a difficult and critical task in preprocessing phase. The pattern discovery and analysis are also important phases of wum. In recent years Recommender system have become extremely common. This proposed paper focuses on the user based data that can be fetched from the web log. The results show the user behavior towards various fields over the internet. The results are calculated on time-dependent and independent domains with consideration of the factors like page visited, time spent on pages, operating system used and browser used.
A case study on adaptability problems of the separation of user interface and application semantics

A large number of software architectures for interactive have been described in literature, like the Seeheim, PAC-Amodeus, and Model-View-Controller architectures. Most of these architectures are based on the traditional view of interactive software, namely the view that an interactive software system can be separated in an application part and a user interface part. The application part contains the functionality of the software – what the system does – and the user interface part contains the representation of this functionality to the user(s) of the system. The motivation behind these architectures is to improve, among others, adaptability, portability, complexity handling, and separation of concerns of interactive software. The principle of separating interactive software in application and user interface parts has its merits. It can however lead to serious adaptability problems in software that provides fast, frequent and intensive feedback, in particular semantic feedback. Semantic feedback refers to feedback the system gives to the user concerning the semantics of the application, i.e. the objects that the user perceives and manipulates. In these systems, the boundary between application and user interface becomes less sharp and the semantics of the interface and the application tend to be highly coupled. Examples of such interactive systems are direct manipulation systems, virtual reality systems, and systems with natural language interfaces. The problem of semantic feedback is that it is functionality that has both application and user interface aspects and crosses the application-interface boundary. It requires excessive use of semantic information from the application part and in this way, it compromises the separation of application and user interface concerns. As a result, it becomes more difficult to modify or extend functionality related to semantic feedback. In other words, the adaptability of the interactive software is decreased. In this report, a case study concerning an interactive CD database system is used to illustrate the adaptability problems of separation-based architectures for interactive software.