Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Harmonic Scalpel versus Conventional Haemostasis in Neck Dissection: A Prospective Randomized Study

Purpose. The aim of this prospective randomized trial was to compare operative factors, postoperative outcomes, and surgical complications of neck dissection (ND) when using the harmonic scalpel (HS) versus conventional haemostasis (CH) (classic technique of tying and knots, resorbable ligature, and bipolar diathermy). Materials and methods. Sixty-one patients who underwent ND with primary head and neck cancer (HNSCC) resection were enrolled in this study and were randomized into two homogeneous groups: CH (conventional haemostasis with classic technique of tying and knots, resorbable ligature, and bipolar diathermy) and HS (haemostasis with harmonic scalpel). Outcomes of the study included operative time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage volume, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results. The use of the HS reduced significantly the operating time, the intraoperative blood loss, the postoperative pain, and the volume of drainage. No significant difference was observed in mean hospital stay and perioperative, and postoperative complications. Conclusion. The HS is a reliable and safe tool for reducing intraoperative blood loss, operative time, volume of drainage and postoperative pain in patients undergoing ND for HNSCC. Multicenter randomized studies need to be done to confirm the advantages of this technique and to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio.
Validation of a miniaturized wireless network testbed

Experimentation with wireless network testbeds is preferred to simulations for performing high fidelity testing. However, realistic experimentation with full-scale networks is difficult, time-consuming, and expensive. To side-step some of these problems, we have built IvyNet, a miniaturized wireless mesh network testbed, where a high degree of attenuation (up to 60dB) is applied to the wireless radios for multi-hop network testing. In this paper, we present a validation study of the miniaturized wireless networks via experiments in the IvyNet testbed. Our results show that IvyNet is able to facilitate convenient experimentation over multi-hop networks within a small space; at the same time, it preserves reasonable fidelity compared to real-world fullscale networks. Because IvyNet is based upon commodity hardware, the principal observations from the IvyNet experiments also apply to other miniaturized wireless networks.
Bias and the Efficacy of Stress Test Disclosures

We examine the Federal Reserve's (the Fed) propensity to bias reported stress test results in the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR). Using capital market responses to the CCAR, we develop and estimate a model of biased disclosure that incorporates a regulator's trade-off between disciplining banks and promoting short-term stability. We find the Fed biases disclosed capital ratios upwards to prop up large banks, but downwards to discipline poorly capitalized banks. These biases have real effects on bank behavior — propped-up banks are less likely to subsequently improve their capital ratios by raising equity or cutting dividends.
A Possible Pairing Mechanism in Fe-Based High Temperature Superconductors

The electronic structures of LaOFeAs superconductors with antiferromagnetic model were simulated by using the first-principle method. The calculated density of states (DOS) reveals that some antiferromagnetic energy peaks are splitted due to the hybridization of Fe-3d and As-4p on the FeAs layer. The calculated spin moment for LaOFeAs is 2.39 μB/Fe. The band structure and DOS around the Fermi level suggest this compound with a semimetal-like characteristic. Beside on the Fe, a spin polarization occurs on the As site, which is distributed with both As-4p and As-4s orbitals. A unique electronic structure is found to be associated with the deep inner orbital coupling in the LaOFeAs compound, which provides an independent energy band with a high vibration frequency. The two bands with deep inner orbital cou- pling as well as the spin polarization of As-4s could be used to explain some behaviours of carrier pairing in the super- conducting state. In addition, the simulation also was performed on a series of F-doped LaOFeAs with different fluorine composition. The results show with F-doping increasing the spin polarization of As decreasing. Superconductivity will be suppressed by the heavy F-doping concentration.
Dynamic physiological and molecular changes in gastric ulcer healing achieved by melatonin and its precursor L‐tryptophan in rats

Abstract: Following induction of gastric ulcer in rats by serosal application of acetic acid, local mucosal necrosis ensues accompanied by a reduction in mucosal microcirculation and by almost immediate expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and proinflammatory cytokines. Daily application of melatonin (20 mg/kg) or l‐tryptophan (100 mg/kg) accelerates ulcer healing by affecting the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2)–prostaglandin (PG) system with excessive production of protective PG, especially in later period of ulcer healing. Furthermore, expression of hypoxia inducible factor, vascular‐endothelial growth factor, an activation of cNOS–NO system and the stimulation of sensory nerves with the expression and release of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) appear to aid the restoration of mucosal repair and microcirculation in the ulcer bed. The enhanced expression of the melatonin MT2 receptors (MT2‐R) combined with overexpression of key enzymes involved in biosynthesis of melatonin such as N‐acetyltransferase and hydroxyindole‐O‐methyltransferase contribute to the acceleration of ulcer healing by this indole. Melatonin‐induced acceleration of ulcer healing is also mediated by release of gastrin and ghrelin, the most potent stimulants of gastric mucosal cell proliferation and mucosal repair. These sequential steps in ulcer healing accelerated by melatonin can be interfered with by the blockade of MT2R, COX‐2/PG and cNOS/NO systems, and by reduction in the inflammatory iNOS/NO system. Thus, melatonin and its precursor l‐tryptophan, trigger the cascade of molecular events leading to the functional improvement in ulcer healing.
LIMSI @ CLEF eHealth 2015 - task 2

This paper presents LIMSI’s participation in the User-Centered Health Information Retrieval task (task 2) at the CLEF eHealth 2015 workshop[5]. In our contribution we explored two different strategies to query expansion, i.e. one based on entity recognition using MetaMap[1] and the UMLS[3], and a second strategy based on disease hypothesis generation using self-constructed external resources such a corpus of Wikipedia pages describing diseases and conditions, and webpages from the MedlinePlus health portal. Our best-scoring run was a weighed UMLS-based run which put emphasis on incorporating signs and symptoms recognized in the topic text by MetaMap. This run achieved a P@10 score of 0.262 and nDCG@10 of 0.196, respectively.
Beam sampling for the infinite hidden Markov model

The infinite hidden Markov model is a non-parametric extension of the widely used hidden Markov model. Our paper introduces a new inference algorithm for the infinite Hidden Markov model called beam sampling. Beam sampling combines slice sampling, which limits the number of states considered at each time step to a finite number, with dynamic programming, which samples whole state trajectories efficiently. Our algorithm typically outperforms the Gibbs sampler and is more robust. We present applications of iHMM inference using the beam sampler on changepoint detection and text prediction problems.
Restless Legs Syndrome in Multiple Sclerosis

Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative inflammatory autoimmune disease. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized as a strong urge to move the legs to stop abnormal sensations there. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether or not the increased RLS frequency seen in MS could be associated with depression and fatigue. Methods: The study involved 98 patients with definite MS and 129 healthy volunteers. The Beck Depression Inventory and Fatigue Severity Scale were used to assess all participants. The patients and the healthy volunteers were examined for RLS according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. Results: When the factors related to RLS in MS were evaluated, there were significant relationships found among age, type of MS, pyramidal symptoms, intestinal and bladder symptoms, number of lesions in MR, depression, and fatigue. Risk factors for RLS were also seen more frequently in the MS group than in the healthy volunteers. Conclusion: RLS was seen 2.55 times more frequently in patients with MS than in the control group. This was due to the existence of numerous factors rather than a single factor – including depression and fatigue.
IJS: An Intelligent Junction Selection Based Routing Protocol for VANET to Support ITS Services

Selecting junctions intelligently for data transmission provides better intelligent transportation system (ITS) services. The main problem in vehicular communication is high disturbances of link connectivity due to mobility and less density of vehicles. If link conditions are predicted earlier, then there is a less chance of performance degradation. In this paper, an intelligent junction selection based routing protocol (IJS) is proposed to transmit the data in a quickest path, in which the vehicles are mostly connected and have less link connectivity problem. In this protocol, a helping vehicle is set at every junction to control the communication by predicting link failures or network gaps in a route. Helping vehicle at the junction produces a score for every neighboring junction to forward the data to the destination by considering the current traffic information and selects that junction which has minimum score. IJS protocol is implemented and compared with GyTAR, A-STAR, and GSR routing protocols. Simulation results show that IJS performs better in terms of average end-to-end delay, network gap encounter, and number of hops.
Real-Time Two-Dimensional Blood Flow Imaging Using an Autocorrelation Technique

A new blood Row imaging system is described that com- bines a conventional pulsed Doppler device and a newly developed au- tocorrelator. In the system blood flow within a given cross section of a live organ is displayed in real time. The direction of blood Row and its variance are expressed by means of a difference in color and its hue, respectively. Experiments were conducted with a mechanical and an electrical scanner using phantoms, and good agreement with the theory was obtained. Studies on clinical significance have also been carried out for normal and diseased hearts, and successful results have been found.
A design of bandwidth adaptive multimedia gateway for scalable video coding

Delivering multimedia streaming on Internet remains several limitations, such as bandwidth fluctuations and network conjunction. We present a multimedia gateway design including dynamic bandwidth estimation, SVC extractor and buffer management to resolve the limitations. The dynamic bandwidth estimation not only selects the appropriate SVC sub-stream, but also measures the change of bandwidth and packet loss with multimedia transmission. When the network congestion happened, the buffer management picks the important one from all packets. Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) is used to increase peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of video stream. Comparing four WRED schemes, we figure out that “Disjoint” setting can get higher average of PSNR. The result shows that PSNR is elevated in the system proposed by us.
A Literature Review on Twitter Data Analysis

: The widespread and different types of information on Twitter make it one of the most appropriate virtual environments for information monitoring and tracking. In this paper, the authors review different information analysis techniques; starting with the analysis of different hashtags, twitter’s network-topology, event spread over the network, identification of influence, and finally analysis of sentiment. Future research and development work will be addressed.
Power flow cyber attacks and perturbation-based defense

In this paper, we present two contributions to false data injection attacks and mitigation in electric power systems. First, we introduce a method of creating unobservable attacks on the AC power flow equations. The attack strategy details how an adversary can launch a stealthy attack to achieve a goal. Then, we introduce a proactive defense strategy that is capable of detecting attacks. The defense strategy introduces known perturbations by deliberately probing the system in a specific, structured manner. We show that the proposed approach, under certain conditions, is able to detect the presence of false data injection attacks, as well the attack locations and information about the manipulated data values.
Rhenium-188 Production in Hospitals, by W-188/Re-188 Generator, for Easy Use in Radionuclide Therapy

Rhenium-188 (Re-188) is a high energy β-emitting radioisotope obtained from the tungsten-188/rhenium-188 (W-188/Re-188) generator, which has shown utility for a variety of therapeutic applications in nuclear medicine, oncology, and interventional radiology/cardiology. Re-188 decay is accompanied by a 155 keV predominant energy γ-emission, which could be detected by γ-cameras, for imaging, biodistribution, or absorbed radiation dose studies. Its attractive physical properties and its potential low cost associated with a long-lived parent make it an interesting option for clinical use. The setup and daily use of W-188/Re-188 generator in hospital nuclear medicine departments are discussed in detail. The clinical efficacy, for several therapeutic applications, of a variety of Re-188-labeled agents is demonstrated. The high energy of the β-emission of Re-188 is particularly well suited for effective penetration in solid tumours. Its total radiation dose delivered to tissues is comparable to other radionuclides used in therapy. Furthermore, radiation safety and shielding requirements are an important subject of matter. In the case of bone metastases treatment, therapeutic ratios are presented in order to describe the efficacy of Re-188 usage.
Associations of Educational Attainment, Occupation, Social Class and Major Depressive Disorder among Han Chinese Women

Background The prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is higher in those with low levels of educational attainment, the unemployed and those with low social status. However the extent to which these factors cause MDD is unclear. Most of the available data comes from studies in developed countries, and these findings may not extrapolate to developing countries. Examining the relationship between MDD and socio economic status in China is likely to add to the debate because of the radical economic and social changes occurring in China over the last 30 years. Principal findings We report results from 3,639 Chinese women with recurrent MDD and 3,800 controls. Highly significant odds ratios (ORs) were observed between MDD and full time employment (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.25–0.46, logP = 78), social status (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.77–0.87, logP = 13.3) and education attainment (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86–0.90, logP = 6.8). We found a monotonic relationship between increasing age and increasing levels of educational attainment. Those with only primary school education have significantly more episodes of MDD (mean 6.5, P-value = 0.009) and have a clinically more severe disorder, while those with higher educational attainment are likely to manifest more comorbid anxiety disorders. Conclusions In China lower socioeconomic position is associated with increased rates of MDD, as it is elsewhere in the world. Significantly more episodes of MDD occur among those with lower educational attainment (rather than longer episodes of disease), consistent with the hypothesis that the lower socioeconomic position increases the likelihood of developing MDD. The phenomenology of MDD varies according to the degree of educational attainment: higher educational attainment not only appears to protect against MDD but alters its presentation, to a more anxious phenotype.
Recognizing Sequences of Sequences

The brain's decoding of fast sensory streams is currently impossible to emulate, even approximately, with artificial agents. For example, robust speech recognition is relatively easy for humans but exceptionally difficult for artificial speech recognition systems. In this paper, we propose that recognition can be simplified with an internal model of how sensory input is generated, when formulated in a Bayesian framework. We show that a plausible candidate for an internal or generative model is a hierarchy of ‘stable heteroclinic channels’. This model describes continuous dynamics in the environment as a hierarchy of sequences, where slower sequences cause faster sequences. Under this model, online recognition corresponds to the dynamic decoding of causal sequences, giving a representation of the environment with predictive power on several timescales. We illustrate the ensuing decoding or recognition scheme using synthetic sequences of syllables, where syllables are sequences of phonemes and phonemes are sequences of sound-wave modulations. By presenting anomalous stimuli, we find that the resulting recognition dynamics disclose inference at multiple time scales and are reminiscent of neuronal dynamics seen in the real brain.
Neurothrombectomy in acute ischaemic stroke: a prospective single‐centre study and comparison with randomized controlled trials

In the last few months five multicentre, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) unequivocally showed the superiority of mechanical thrombectomy in large vessel occlusion acute ischaemic stroke compared to systemic thrombolysis. Despite varying inclusion criteria and time intervals from onset to revascularization overall increases of good functional outcome between 55% and 81% were reported. However, only a minority of screened patients (approximately 1%) were eligible for intra‐arterial (IA) therapy.
Study on Hybrid Au–Underfill Resin Bonding Method With Lock-and-Key Structure for 3-D Integration

This paper describes a hybrid Au-underfill resin bonding method with lock-and-key structure for 3-D integration. In 3-D large scale integration (LSI), the gap between stacked chips becomes narrower because the bump dimension and pitch are smaller than those encountered in 2-D LSI. Therefore, the filling of gaps less than 10 μm using capillary forces often becomes insufficient because of the surface condition. To address this challenge, we study a hybrid bonding method in which the metal-metal and resin-resin bonding are carried out simultaneously with a chip resin applied previously only around the bump. To realize hybrid bonding on the entire chip, we fabricate indent and protrusion structures, which are called lock-and-key structures. The key structure is fabricated by a process that can remove the resin on the bumps by O2 plasma irradiation. The lock structure is fabricated by conventional photolithography and dry etching. By means of hybrid bonding with the lock-and-key structure, we have achieved the Au bump bonding and the filling of 4-μm gaps between the stacked chips, concurrently. The cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy image of the bonded sample demonstrated that no significant gap exists at both the Au-Au and resin-resin interfaces. In addition, the shear strength of the sample bonded with resin is 10 times higher than that without the resin. The electrical continuity of the Au bump connections after hybrid bonding has also been determined.
Loss of IGF 2 imprinting is associated with abrogation of long-range intrachromosomal interactions in human cancer cells

Nuclear architecture and chromatin geography are important factors in the regulation of gene expression, as these components may play a vital epigenetic role both in normal physiology as well as in the initiation and progression of malignancies. Using a modification of the chromosome conformation capture (3C) technique, we examined long-range chromatin interactions of the imprinted human IGF2 gene. We demonstrate that numerous intrachromosomal interactions occur along both parental alleles in normal tissues, where the IGF2 is paternally expressed, as well as in normal liver where gene expression is biallelic. Long-range and allele-specific interactions occur between the IGF2/H19 imprinting control region-1 (ICR1) and ICR2, a region which regulates an imprinted gene cluster nearly a megabase distant from IGF2. Loss of genomic imprinting is a common epigenetic event in cancer, and long-range interactions have not been examined in malignant cells. In cancer cell lines in which IGF2 imprinting is maintained (MOI), essentially all of the 3C interactions seen in normal cells were preserved. However, in cells in which IGF2 imprinting was lost (LOI), nearly all of the long-range chromatin interactions involving IGF2 were abrogated. A three-dimensional computer model depicts the physical interactions between the IGF2 promoter and ICR1 in MOI cells, while the model of LOI lung cancer cells is flattened with few long-range interactions. This dramatic change in the three-dimension configuration of the chromatin at the IGF2 locus in LOI cancer cells suggests that the loss of imprinting may lead to a variety of changes in gene expression in addition to changes in IGF2 transcription.
Category Translation: Learning to Understand Information on the Internet

This paper investigates the problem of automatically learning declarative models of information sources available on the Internet. We report on ILA, a domain-independent program that learns the meaning of external information by explaining it in terms of internal categories. In our experiments, ILA starts with knowledge of local faculty members, and is able to learn models of the Internet service whois and of the personnel directories available at Berkeley, Brown, Caltech, Cornell, Rice, Rutgers, and UCI, averaging fewer than 40 queries per information source. ILA’s hypothesis language is first-order conjunctions, and its bias is compactly encoded as a determination. We analyze ILA’s sample complexity within the Valiant model, and using a probabilistic model specifically tailored to ILA.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 ICP0 Protein Does Not Accumulate in the Nucleus of Primary Neurons in Culture

ABSTRACT Infected-cell protein 0 (ICP0), the product of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) immediate-early (IE) α0 gene, is a promiscuous transactivator of viral early (E) and late (L) gene expression. HSV mutants lacking ICP0 function are severely deficient in viral growth and protein synthesis, particularly at low multiplicities of infection. Early in the infectious process in vitro, ICP0 protein accumulates in distinct domains within the nucleus to form characteristic structures active in the transcription of viral genes. However, following infection of primary trigeminal ganglion cells in vitro with a recombinant HSV mutant that expresses only ICP0, we observed that ICP0 protein accumulated in the characteristic intranuclear distribution only in the nuclei of Schwann cells; neurons in the culture did not accumulate ICP0 despite expression of ICP0 RNA in those cells. The same phenomenon was observed in PC12 cells differentiated to assume a neuronal phenotype. In primary neurons in culture, the amount of ICP0 protein could be increased by pharmacologic inhibition of calcium-activated protease (calpain) activity or by inhibition of protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin). The failure of ICP0 protein to accumulate in the nucleus of neurons suggests that one mechanism which may impair efficient replication of the virus in neurons, and thus favor the establishment of viral latency in those cells, may be found in the cell-specific processing of that IE gene product.