Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parallel Expansions of Sox Transcription Factor Group B Predating the Diversifications of the Arthropods and Jawed Vertebrates

Group B of the Sox transcription factor family is crucial in embryo development in the insects and vertebrates. Sox group B, unlike the other Sox groups, has an unusually enlarged functional repertoire in insects, but the timing and mechanism of the expansion of this group were unclear. We collected and analyzed data for Sox group B from 36 species of 12 phyla representing the major metazoan clades, with an emphasis on arthropods, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of SoxB in bilaterians and to date the expansion of Sox group B in insects. We found that the genome of the bilaterian last common ancestor probably contained one SoxB1 and one SoxB2 gene only and that tandem duplications of SoxB2 occurred before the arthropod diversification but after the arthropod-nematode divergence, resulting in the basal repertoire of Sox group B in diverse arthropod lineages. The arthropod Sox group B repertoire expanded differently from the vertebrate repertoire, which resulted from genome duplications. The parallel increases in the Sox group B repertoires of the arthropods and vertebrates are consistent with the parallel increases in the complexity and diversification of these two important organismal groups.
Contrasting behaviour from two Be/ X-ray binary pulsars: insights into differing neutron star accretion modes

In this paper we present the identification of two periodic X-ray signals coming from the direction of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). On detection with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), the 175.4 s and 85.4 s pulsations were considered to originate from new Be/X-ray binary (BeXRB) pulsars with unknown locations. Using rapid follow-up INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton observations, we show the first pulsar (designated SXP175) to be coincident with a candidate high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) in the northern bar region of the SMC undergoing a small Type II outburst. The orbital period (87d) and spectral class (B0-B0.5IIIe) of this system are determined and presented here for the first time. The second pulsar is shown not to be new at all, but is consistent with being SXP91.1 - a pulsar discovered at the very beginning of the 13 year long RXTE key monitoring programme of the SMC. Whilst it is theoretically possible for accreting neutron stars to change spin period so dramatically over such a short time, the X-ray and optical data available for this source suggest this spin-up is continuous during long phases of X-ray quiescence, where accretion driven spin-up of the neutron star should be minimal.
ARCBALL: a user interface for specifying three-dimensional orientation using a mouse

Arcball is an input technique for 3-D computer graphics, using a mouse to adjust the spatial orientation of an object. In Arcball, human factors and mathematical fundamentals come together exceptionally well. Arcball provides consistency between free and constrained rotations using any direction as an axis; consistent visual input and feedback; kinesthetic agreement between mouse motion and object rotation; and consistent interpretation of mouse position. Attention to mathematical detail facilitates the tasks of users and implementors. Users say that as a general-purpose rotation controller Arcball is easier to use than its nearest rival, the Virtual Sphere. It is also more powerful, and simpler to implement.
Urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in renal transplant recipients. Frequency of UTIs depend on many factors such as age, female gender, kidney function, co‐morbidity, type and amount of immunosuppression, urological instrumentation and/or the follow‐up period (short term or long term) after kidney transplantation. UTI may worsen graft and patient survival. A significant proportion of renal transplant recipients with UTIs may develop acute pyelonephritis (APN), which is an independent risk factor for deterioration of graft function. Renal transplant recipients with UTIs are often clinically asymptomatic as a consequence of immunosuppression. UTI, however, may progress to APN (particularly in the early post‐transplant period), bacteraemia and the full blown picture of urosepsis. Strategies for long term prophylaxis and antimicrobial treatment of UTI in renal transplant recipients are discussed.
Injection Molding of a Starch/EVOH Blend Aimed as an Alternative Biomaterial for Temporary Applications

Biodegradable polymers show great potential to be used as materials for temporary implants and bone replacement applications in orthopedics. However, its use in high load-bearing applications will depend on the successful development of biode- gradable implants with a mechanical performance matching that of human bone. This article describes the optimization of the injection molding process of an alternative biodegradable starch-based polymer aimed at biomedical applications. A blend of starch with a copolymer of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (SEVA-C) was studied. Both conventional injection molding and shear controlled orientation (SCORIM) were optimized with the support of design of experiments and analysis of variance techniques. The mechanical characterization was performed by tensile testing. The structure developed within the moldings was assessed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calo- rimetry. Increases up to 30% in the tangent modulus and 20% in the ultimate tensile strength compared with conventional molding were achieved with the application of SCORIM. The holding pressure and the frequency of the shear applied have the strongest influence on the morphology development and consequently on the mechan- ical performance. The solidification of SEVA-C at high cavity pressures enhances stiffness for long durations of the shearing stage in SCORIM. However, the effect of viscous heating of SEVA-C is important and ought to be considered. A decrease of the material phase miscibility in SEVA-C occurs as result of the shear fields imposed. The microstructure evaluation suggests that the mechanical properties enhancement in SCORIM molded SEVA-C is attributable to preferred orientation developed during processing. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1303-1315, 2000
Vocal folds morphological pathologies detection using Gabor filtering and Principal Component Analysis.

BACKGROUND Given the importance of the voice in our daily lives, any study focused on its pathologies and the way of caring and promoting the health of them is of common interest. OBJECTIVE This paper describes a method to automatically aid indetecting vocal folds benign pathologies based on glottal space segmentation vocal fold video sequences captured by a laryngoscope. METHODS The proposed algorithm is based on automatic segmentation supported by Gabor filters, and features classification with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to achieve the expected results. RESULTS The authors wish to emphasize that the proposed algorithm is independent from the images' resolution and zoom, but their quality depends on specialist experience with the instrumentation. Segmentation block provides good results for 95% of images and classification block distinguishes successfully between pathological and healthy images in 92.1% of cases. The proposed system's findings have been compared with the diagnosis made by doctors and it obtains the same results in all the 45 sequences. CONCLUSIONS One of the proposed study's key elements has been which objective measurements are of significance for the specialist. In this case, it is those that enable the specialist to calculate the size of the pathology (previously classified automatically) that he/she is observing, thus enabling them to provide the patient with more information or to prescribe treatment and even measure its development.
High rates of co-occurrence of hypertension, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus in a large managed care population.

OBJECTIVE To examine prevalence and co-occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (dyslipidemia, or DL) in a managed care population. STUDY DESIGN Period prevalence study. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study population included all adults (age > 20 years) who had been members of Kaiser Permanente, Northern California, for at least 4 months on December 31, 2001 (n = 2.1 million). Criteria from the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hypertension, the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, and the Northern California Kaiser Permanente Diabetes Registry were applied to computerized databases for an 18-month period to identify HT, DL, and DM, respectively. Because screening for these conditions is incomplete, we applied age- and sex-specific prevalence estimates from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to simulate full ascertainment. RESULTS Unadjusted prevalence rates of HT, DL, and DM were 23.8%, 17.6%, and 6.6%, respectively. More than 50% of persons with either HT or DL also had at least 1 other condition. Of all persons with DM, 74% had HT, 73% had DL, and 56% had both. Under full ascertainment, prevalence increased to 27.6%, 35.6%, and 8.7% for HT, DL, and DM, respectively, and co-occurrence increased further. CONCLUSION HT, DL, and DM co-occur in most affected individuals. To avoid fragmentation of care, disease management strategies should aim to manage these conditions within the same programs.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the recombinant type 3 ryanodine receptor and localization of its amino terminus

Recombinant type 3 ryanodine receptor (RyR3) has been purified in quantities sufficient for structural characterization by cryoelectron microscopy and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. Two cDNAs were prepared and expressed in HEK293 cells, one encoding the wild-type RyR3 and the other encoding RyR3 containing glutathione S-transferase (GST) fused to its amino terminus (GST-RyR3). RyR3 was purified from detergent-solubilized transfected cells by affinity chromatography using 12.6-kDa FK506-binding protein in the form of a GST fusion as the affinity ligand. Purification of GST-RyR3 was achieved by affinity chromatography by using glutathione-Sepharose. Purified recombinant RyR3 and GST-RyR3 proteins exhibited high-affinity [3H]ryanodine binding that was sensitive to activation by Ca2+ and caffeine and to inhibition by Mg2+. 3D reconstructions of both recombinant RyR3 and GST-RyR3 appeared very similar to that of the native RyR3 purified from bovine diaphragm. Comparison of the 3D reconstructions of RyR3 and GST-RyR3 revealed that the GST domains and, hence, the amino termini of the RyR3 subunits are located in the “clamp” structures that form the corners of the square-shaped cytoplasmic region of homotetrameric RyR3. This study describes the 3D reconstruction of a recombinant ryanodine receptor and it demonstrates the potential of this technology for characterizing functional and structural perturbations introduced by site-directed mutagenesis.
A 1.1µW 2.1µVRMS input noise chopper-stabilized amplifier for bio-medical applications

A low-noise chopper amplifier for bio-signal recording is described. Potential applications include many-electrode implantable ECG acquisition systems along with EEG, EMG and ECoG bio-signals. Designed in 0. 13μm CMOS, the two-stage amplifier uses a folded cascode topology with a low-impedance node chopping technique combining both voltage and current-mode chopping for an optimal noise and bias current tradeoff while significantly reducing ripple from the 40 KHz chopper modulation signal. Experimental results show an amplifier with digitally programmable gain from 40 - 83 dB, bandwidth from 340 - 7.5 KHz and high pass cutoff of 170 mHz, while dissipating only 1.1 μW from a 1.2 V supply. The inputreferred noise is 2.1 μVrms integrated over a 100 mHz - 100 KHz bandwidth with a noise efficiency factor of 3.28.
Determination of age-specific and sex-specific familial risks for the different manifestations of venous thromboembolism: A nationwide family study in Sweden

Summary This nationwide study aimed to determine whether differences exist in age-specific and sex-specific familial risks for pulmonary embolism (PE), venous thrombosis of the lower limbs (VT) and other forms of venous thromboembolism (OVTE) among offspring, siblings and spouses of affected individuals. The Swedish Multi-Generation Register was linked to the Hospital Discharge Register data for the period 1987–2007. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for individuals whose relatives were hospitalised for venous thromboembolism (VTE), as determined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), and those whose relatives were unaffected by VTE. The total number of hospitalised VTE patients was 45,362. All VTE patients were categorised as PE, VT or OVTE according to ICD at first hospitalisation. For example, the parental SIRs for PE, VT and OVTE in offspring at age 10–19 years were 2.89 (95% CI 1.48–5.06), 4.99 (95% CI 3.22–6.10) and 3.89 (95% CI 2.51–5.75), respectively. The low spousal risks of PE (1.08; 95% CI 1.02–1.13), VT (1.06; 95% CI 1.011.12) and OVTE (1.07; 95% CI 1.00–1.15) suggest the familial risks to be largely genetic. In both men and women, familial relative risks were increased for all the different manifestations of VTE with the exception of those older than 70 years. Familial history is a risk indicator in both sexes, and is potentially useful for clinical risk assessment for the different manifestations of VTE.
Efficient Semantic Search over Encrypted Data in cloud

Semantic search enable to improve search efficiency by understanding searcher intent and the contextual meaning as they appear in searchable space, whether on the web or within a closed system. semantic search generate synonyms set to provide relevant search results. Cloud storage has become more and more popular as it provides many benefits over traditional storage solutions. Despite the many benefits provided by cloud storage, many security problems have also arisen in cloud storage, which prevents companies from migrate their data to cloud storage. As a result, the owners encrypt their sensitive data before storing it in cloud storage. While encryption increases the security of the data, it also reduces the search ability of the data and thus, the Efficiency of the search. Recently, research has been done on several schemes which enable keyword searching on encrypted data in cloud computing. In this paper, we developed a system to support semantic search on encrypted data in cloud computing with scheme “Synonym Keyword Search”. Our results demonstrated that our schemes are more efficient in terms of performance and storage requirements than the former proposed schemes.
Unique patterns of brain metastasis produced by different human carcinomas in athymic nude mice

The purpose of this study was to develop an in vivo model to study the growth pattern and biological behavior of brain metastases produced by different human carcinomas. To do so, human tumor cells from 8 different carcinomas of the colon, breast, kidney and lung were injected into athymic nude mice either by a direct intracerebral route or into the internal carotid artery. All carcinoma cells invaded through the blood‐brain barrier and produced progressively growing lesions in the brain parenchyma. Unique patterns of growth were discernible among the carcinomas. Human colon carcinomas produced multiple lesions that spread by extension. Lung carcinoma cells produced widespread lesions throughout the brain. A very high degree of vascularization was associated with lesions produced by renal‐cell carcinoma. The influence of estrogen on the growth of estrogen‐receptor‐positive human breast carcinoma cells was well demonstrated in this model. We conclude that the athymic nude mouse can be a useful model for studies of the biology and perhaps therapy of brain metastases produced by human carcinoma cells.
XFix: an automated tool for the repair of layout cross browser issues

Differences in the rendering of a website across different browsers can cause inconsistencies in its appearance and usability, resulting in Layout Cross Browser Issues (XBIs). Such XBIs can negatively impact the functionality of a website as well as users’ impressions of its trustworthiness and reliability. Existing techniques can only detect XBIs, and therefore require developers to manually perform the labor intensive task of repair. In this demo paper we introduce our tool, XFix, that automatically repairs layout XBIs in web applications. To the best of our knowledge, XFix is the first automated technique for generating XBI repairs.
Immunohistochemiocal subtyping using CK20 and CK5 can identify urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract with a poor prognosis

Purpose Genome-wide analyses revealed basal and luminal subtypes of urothelial carcinomas of the bladder. It is unknown if this subtyping can also be applied to upper tract urothelial carcinomas. Materials and methods Tumor samples from 222 patients with upper tract urothelial carcinomas who were treated with radical nephroureterectomy were analyzed for the expression of seven basal/luminal immunohistochemical markers (CK5, EGFR, CD44, CK20, p63, GATA3, FOXA1). Results Hierarchical clustering revealed a basal-like subtype (enrichment of CK5, EGFR and CD44) in 23.9% and a luminal-like subtype (enrichment of CK20, GATA3, p63 and FOXA1) in 13.1% of the patients. In 60.8%, little to no markers were expressed, whereas markers of both subtypes were expressed in 2.2%. By using CK5 and CK20 as surrogate markers for the basal and luminal subtypes, we defined four subtypes of upper tract urothelial carcinomas: (i) exclusively CK20 positive and CK5 negative (CK20+/CK5-), (ii) exclusively CK5 positive and CK20 negative (CK20-/ CK5+), (iii) both markers positive (CK20+/CK5+) and (iv) both markers negative (CK20-/CK5-). A receiver-operator analysis provided the optimal cut-off values for this discrimination. An immunoreactive score >1 for CK5 and >6 for CK20 were defined as positive. In multivariate Cox’s regression analysis, the CK20+/CK5- subtype was an independent negative prognostic marker with a 3.83-fold increased risk of cancer-specific death (p = 0.02) compared to the other three subtypes. Conclusions Immunohistochemical subgrouping of upper tract urothelial carcinomas by analyzing CK5 and CK20 expression can be performed in a routine setting and can identify tumors with a significantly worse cancer-specific survival prognosis.
Asymptomatic Myocardial Abscess

This report describes a rare case of an asymptomatic myocardial abscess which was not associated with infective endocarditis but was diagnosed to be a tumor and treated by open-heart surgery. A 69-year-old patient without a history of endocarditis or myocardial infarction was submitted to invasive cardiac diagnostics after an embolic event in the brachial artery. Investigation revealed an "intracardiac tumor" and the patient subsequently underwent open-heart surgery. After cardiotomy the suggested tumor was found in the posterior wall of the left atrium adjacent to the mitral ring, appearing as a circumscribed, indurated, and plane area. After incision for biopsy, a cheesy pus emptied from a cavity. The tissue sections showed an intramural myocardial abscess. Because of the extent, location and the character of the abscess, the cavity was closed after rinsing using mattress sutures. The postoperative course was uncomplicated. This report demonstrates that in suspected cardiac tumors a myocardial abscess should be considered in any differential diagnosis despite the rarity of the event, since the diagnosis of the myocardial abscess is not an absolute indication for surgical intervention.
INFLUENCE OF LOADING FROM THE AXLE OF A GONDOLA CAR ON ITS DYNAMIC INDICATORS AND RAILWAY TRACK

Purpose . Increasing the maximum loading from the car axle on the rails during transportation of goods and the speed of movement of railway vehicles will enhance the integration processes between the countries. In order to ensure safe and reliable traffic at the railways it is necessary to improve control, quantitative evaluation of the dynamic loading of the rolling stock, which in the process of its operation is a relevant scientific and technical problem. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of the axle loading increase in gondola cars, taking into account the possible speed increase on their main dynamic indicators and indicators of interaction of rolling stock and track. Methodology . The study was carried out by the method of mathematical and computer simulation of the dynamic loading of a gondola car using the model of spatial oscillations of the coupling of five cars and the software complex developed in the branch research laboratory of the dynamics and strength of rolling stock (BRL DSRS). The initial data for research are as follows: the movement of gondola car of the model 12-532 with typical bogies of 18-100 at the speeds ranging from 50 to 90 km/h in curves with radii of 350 and 600 m, with superelevation of 130 and 120 mm, respectively. Findings . The article analyzes the dynamic qualities of a rolling stock using the example of gondola cars, the calculations are performed using the package of applied programs with sufficient accuracy for practice. During the theoretical studies and simulation, taking into account the processes of freight car oscillation in case of increasing the axle loading, the dependences of the main dynamic parameters, taking into account the movement speed were obtained. Originality . Originality of the work results lies in the study of the influence of increasing the axle loading in gondola cars, taking into account the possible movement speed increase on the dynamic loading in order to solve the problem of forecasting the rolling stock dynamics. The results of theoretical studies, taking into account the movement speed in the curved track sections of small and medium radius were obtained for the first time. Practical value . The application of these results will contribute to improving the traffic safety of freight cars and will improve the technical and economic performance of railway transport.
Cross-view object identification using principal color transformation

This paper presents a novel color correction technique for object identification across different cameras. First of all, we project the analyzed object onto the LAB color space and then find its principal color axis through the principal component analysis. Since the L axis corresponds to the intensity, we then rotate the found principal color axis for making it parallel to the L axis. After this rotation, the color distortions among different cameras can be reduced into minimum. Then, a hybrid classifier is designed for classifying objects into different categories even though they are captured under different lighting conditions. Based on a polar coordinate, a sampling technique is then proposed for extracting several important color features from AB plane. Then, using the SVM learning algorithm, a color classifier can be trained for classifying each object into different categories. For the non-color categories, we quantize the RGB channels into different levels. Then, another classifier is obtained for classifying each gray object into its corresponding category. Since the proposed color correction scheme reduce the problem of color distortions into a minimum, each object can be well classified and identified even though they are captured across different cameras and under lighting condition.