Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wideband Bandpass Filter Using U-Slotted Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Cavities

A wideband fifth-order bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed and designed using the U-slotted substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities. The U-shape slots, etched on the SIW cavity, are used to form up a new multiple-mode resonator (MMR) in order to achieve a wide passband of operation while keeping the overall size of the filter circuit to be much compact. The proposed fifth-order SIW filter is 2.5 times in size reduction compared with the traditional fifth-order SIW filters using the single-mode SIW cavities. In order to prove the validity, one wideband SIW BPF on a single layer printed circuit board (PCB) is designed and experimentally examined. The measured results show that the filter achieves an insertion loss of 1.1 dB at 8.5 GHz, return loss of higher than 11 dB and 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 42%. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.
Determination of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines in urine of smokers and non-smokers

Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNA) include 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), N′-nitrosoanabasine (NAB) and N′-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) and are found in tobacco and tobacco smoke. TSNA are of interest for biomonitoring of tobacco-smoke exposure as they are associated with carcinogenesis. Both NNK and NNN are classified by IARC as Group 1 carcinogens. Samples of 24 h urine collections (n = 108) were analysed from smokers and non-smokers, using a newly developed and validated LC-MS/MS method for determining total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL, the major metabolite of NNK), and total NNN, NAB and NAT. TSNA levels in smokers’ urine were significantly higher than in non-smokers. In smokers, urinary excretion of total TSNA correlated significantly (r > 0.5) with markers of smoking dose, such as daily cigarette consumption, salivary cotinine and urinary nicotine equivalents and increased with the ISO tar yield of cigarettes smoked. The correlation between urinary total NNN and the smoking dose was weaker (r = 0.4–0.5). In conclusion, this new method is suitable for assessing tobacco use-related exposure to NNK, NNN, NAB and NAT.
GRAIN-SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND MORPHOLOGY OF METAL IN E-CHONDRITES

The size distribution and morphology of metal grains have been examined in 11 sections of types I and II E-chondrites. The changes in the grain-size distribution and morphology of metal grains correspond with the petrologic types and define a series that reflects increase in thermal metamorphism in the following order: type I, Kota Kota-Indarch-South Oman-St. Mark's; and type II, Jajh deh Kot Lalu-Atlanta-Daniel's Kuil-Hvittis-Pillistfer-Khairpur-Blithfield. Concentrations of metal grains adjacent to the perimeters of chondrules are observable throughout the sequence and delineate relic chondritic structure in six of the seven type II E-chondrites; relic structures are absent from Blithfield.
Enhancing pavement management systems using GIS

Pavement management systems (PMS) are useful tools for highway agencies in quantifying the overall maintenance needs of pavements and presenting the alternative maintenance strategies under budget constraints. The most important aspect of development of a PMS is to collect, manage and analyse the pavement condition data in a considerably detailed format. Since geographical information systems (GIS), with their spatial analysis capabilities, match the geographical nature of the road networks, they are considered to be the most appropriate tools to enhance pavement management operations, with features such as graphical display of pavement condition. An attempt has been made in this paper to enhance the PMS process with GIS for an identified highway network. The PMS is based on internationally recognised Highway Development and Management System (HDM-4). The ‘programme analysis’ application of HDM-4 has been used for data analysis and the graphical presentation of the analysis results has been made using com.
Augmented superior rectus transposition surgery for vertical strabismus in moebius syndrome.

INTRODUCTION Moebius syndrome is a rare disease characterized by unilateral or bilateral congenital nonprogressive facial nerve palsy along with limitation of ocular abductions. Vertical Rectus Transpositions with posterior fixation suture is known to correct abduction deficiencies in case of Moebius syndrome. Traditionally both superior and inferior rectus transposition are done to prevent any post operative vertical imbalance. The purpose of reporting this case is to evaluate superior rectus transposition augmented with posterior fixation suture along with bilateral recession of medial rectus as a useful and safe alternative for treating large esotropia and abduction limitation with a significant vertical deviation in patients of Moebius syndrome. CASE We report a rare case of a seven year old male child with large esotropia and with limited ocular abductions along with a significant vertical deviation which is not common in classic Moebius syndrome. We performed a superior rectus transposition in the eye with vertical deviation along with bimedial recession and our post operative results indicated a significant correction in the horizontal as well as vertical deviation along with an improvement in head posture. CONCLUSION We advocate a superior rectus transposition surgery in cases of moebius syndrom whenever there is a significant vertical deviation.
AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION OF GEOTECHNICAL SOUNDINGS UNDER THE METROPOLITAN CATHEDRAL, MEXICO CITY

The Metropolitan Cathedral of Mexico City has undergone alarmingly large differential settlings. An extensive geotechnical investigation programme was performed in its subsoil, as part of the studies required in an ongoing salvage project. The results of many of the soundings performed can be interpreted from the viewpoint of the archaeologist. This paper shows, based upon the framework provided by previous archaeological research performed in the cathedral, that the geotechnical investigations allow the unique opportunity of establishing hypotheses regarding the extent and distribution of some of the structures that existed in the ritual precinct of Tenochtitlan, as well as of its foundation.
What Makes a Tweet Relevant for a Topic?

Users who rely on microblogging search (MS) engines to find relevant microposts for their queries usually follow their interests and rationale when deciding whether a retrieved post is of interest to them or not. While today’s MS engines commonly rely on keyword-based retrieval strategies, we investigate if there exist additional micropost characteristics that are more predictive of a post’s relevance and interestingness than its keyword-based similarity with the query. In this paper, we experiment with a corpus of Twitter messages and investigate sixteen features along two dimensions: topicdependent and topic-independent features. Our in-depth analysis compares the importance of the di↵erent types of features and reveals that semantic features and therefore an understanding of the semantic meaning of the tweets plays a major role in determining the relevance of a tweet with respect to a query. We evaluate our findings in a relevance classification experiment and show that by combining di↵erent features, we can achieve a precision and recall of more than 35% and 45% respectively.
POLAR: Placement based on novel rough legalization and refinement

A new quadratic global placer called POLAR is proposed. POLAR is based on novel techniques for rough legalization and wirelength refinement. During look-ahead rough legalization (LAL), relative positions of cells are maintained as they are relocated with minimal displacement to relieve excess area density. For each “hotspot” where placement overfill occurs, an expansion region covering the hotspot is constructed. Then the movable cells within each of these expansion regions are evenly assigned to density bins inside the expansion region by displacement-minimizing recursive bisection. In addition, a fast density-preserving and wirelength-reducing discrete refinement is applied to the first few LAL placements before each of these is used to augment the quadratic model used to obtain the next major placement iteration. The experimental results show that POLAR outperforms the state-of-the-art academic placers over the ISPD 2005 benchmarks.
Vegetation and Nutrient Dynamics of Forested Riparian Wetlands in Agricultural Settings

Title of Thesis: VEGETATION AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF FORESTED RIPARIAN WETLANDS IN AGRICULTURAL SETTINGS Rachel Rosemarie Herbert, M.S., 2005 Thesis Directed By: Associate Professor, Dr. Andrew H. Baldwin, Department of Biological Resources Engineering Exported agricultural nutrients have been a major supply of excess nutrients into the environment. Riparian wetlands may play an important part in mitigating these nutrients and thus preventing them from migrating downstream in high concentrations. Two riparian wetland systems, one was influenced by agriculture (agricultural site) and one was not (reference site), were studied in Maryland. Both the plant community structure and abiotic factors were studied. The agricultural site had lower overall species richness and tree diversity than the reference site. Also the tree leaf litter and herbaceous leaves at the agricultural site had higher nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and higher productivity based on fixed carbon than the reference site. Two nutrient enrichment experiments were conducted at the reference site to determine the nature of nutrient limitation. The results from these studies indicate that both plant communities are nitrogen limited. Furthermore, individual species showed a response to increased nutrients. VEGETATION AND NUTRIENT DYNAMICS OF FORESTED RIPARIAN WETLANDS IN AGRICULTURAL SETTINGS
Solving iterated functions using genetic programming

An iterated function <i>f</i>(<i>x</i>) is a function that when composed with itself, produces a given expression <i>f</i>(<i>f</i>(<i>x</i>))=<i>g</i>(<i>x</i>). Iterated functions are essential constructs in fractal theory and dynamical systems, but few analysis techniques exist for solving them analytically. Here we propose using genetic programming to find analytical solutions to iterated functions of arbitrary form. We demonstrate this technique on the notoriously hard iterated function problem of finding <i>f</i>(<i>x</i>) such that <i>f</i>(<i>f</i>(<i>x</i>))=<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>--2. While some analytical techniques have been developed to find a specific solution to problems of this form, we show that it can be readily solved using genetic programming without recourse to deep mathematical insight. We find a previously unknown solution to this problem, suggesting that genetic programming may be an essential tool for finding solutions to arbitrary iterated functions.
Optical and structural ocular changes during incipient presbyopia

The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the in vivo ocular morphological and contractile changes occurring within the accommodative apparatus prior to the onset of presbyopia, with particular reference to ciliary muscle changes with age and the origin of a myopic shift in refraction during incipient presbyopia. Commissioned semi-automated software proved capable of extracting accurate and repeatable measurements from crystalline lens and ciliary muscle Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) images and reduced the subjectivity of AS-OCT image analysis. AS-OCT was utilised to document longitudinal changes in ciliary muscle morphology within an incipient presbyopic population (n=51). A significant antero-inwards shift of ciliary muscle mass was observed after 2.5 years. Furthermore, in a subgroup study (n=20), an accommodative antero-inwards movement of ciliary muscle mass was evident. After 2.5 years, the centripetal response of the ciliary muscle significantly attenuated during accommodation, whereas the antero-posterior mobility of the ciliary muscle remained invariant. Additionally, longitudinal measurement of ocular biometry revealed a significant increase in crystalline lens thickness and a corresponding decrease in anterior chamber depth after 2.5 years (n=51). Lenticular changes appear to be determinant of changes in refraction during incipient presbyopia. During accommodation, a significant increase in crystalline lens thickness and axial length was observed, whereas anterior chamber depth decreased (n=20). The change in ocular biometry per dioptre of accommodation exerted remained invariant after 2.5 years. Cross-sectional ocular biometric data were collected to quantify accommodative axial length changes from early adulthood to advanced presbyopia (n=72). Accommodative axial length elongation significantly attenuated during presbyopia, which was consistent with a significant increase in ocular rigidity during presbyopia. The studies presented in this thesis support the Helmholtz theory of accommodation and despite the reduction in centripetal ciliary muscle contractile response with age, primarily implicate lenticular changes in the development of presbyopia.
Effects of fire severity and season of burn on Betula glandulosa growth dynamics

Betula glandulosa survives over a wide range of North American fire regimes by resprouting from the rhizome. Over-winter root carbohydrate reserves are important to sprout production and growth in the following spring. Nursery and field experiments were conducted to examine the effects of seasonal clipping and fire severity (lethal heat applied to different soil depths) on B. glandulosa sprouting and growth, and seasonal burning and clipping on over-winter root carbohydrate storage. Low fire severity increased sprout numbers, and low fire severity in spring caused a large increase in height growth and above-ground biomass production over a 2-year period. Mortality rates increased sharply with higher levels of fire severity. Over-winter total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) concentrations in roots were significantly higher in plants burned immediately after leaf-flush than in mid-summer burned plants. None of the other seasonal burning or clipping treatments significantly influenced over-winter root TNC. Post-disturbance sprout growth reflected over-winter root TNC levels. B. glandulosa survives a wide range of fire frequencies by growing in plant communities that are most likely to burn in spring or autumn, and seldom burn in summer. This provides the greatest opportunity for maximum over-winter TNC storage. As well, high soil moisture after snowmelt ensures spring fires are almost always of low severity, which promotes increased sprout production, height growth and above-ground biomass.
Colour correction for panoramic imaging

This paper reports the problem of colour distortion in panoramic imaging. Particularly when image mosaicing is used for panoramic imaging, the images are captured under different lighting conditions and viewpoints. The paper analyses several linear approaches for their colour transform and mapping. A new approach of colour histogram based colour correction is provided, which is robust to image capturing conditions such as viewpoints and scaling. The procedure for the colour correction is introduced and implemented. The conclusions are derived after experimental tests.
Conscious sedation and general anesthesia techniques and drugs used in dentistry.

The dental profession has a variety of routes of administration available to it through which medications may be given to aid in the management of a patient's pain, fear, and anxiety toward dentistry. This paper will review briefly the most commonly used routes of administration and agents which are most frequently employed, stressing the advantages and disadvantages of each, and attempt to place each technique into an overall spectrum of pain and anxiety control. I must start by first defining several oft misunderstood terms: conscious sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia. Sedation describes a depressed level of consciousness, which may vary from light to deep. At light levels, termed conscious sedation, the patient retains the ability he or she had before sedation to independently maintain an airway and respond appropriately to verbal command. The patient may have amnesia, and protective reflexes are normal or minimally altered. In deep sedation, some depression of protective reflexes occurs, and although more difficult, it is still possible to arouse the patient. General anesthesia describes a controlled state of unconsciousness, accompanied by partial or complete loss of protective reflexes, including the inability to independently maintain an airway or respond purposefully to verbal command. With these definitions in mind, it must also be remembered that the drugs employed to produce these effects are central nervous system (CNS) depressants which produce a progressive dose-related continuum of effects from light sedation potentially through general anesthesia. All techniques of drug administration have advantages and disadvantages, as do all of the medications which are employed to reach these levels of altered consciousness. There is no technique of drug administration, nor is there any medication which is entirely free of risk. Therefore, the benefits to be gained through the use of a drug or technique must always be weighed against the potential risk to the patient receiving these drugs and techniques. In all situations the most controllable technique which will accomplish the desired therapeutic goals should be selected. If possible, as is often the case, a nondrug technique of sedation should be selected. These techniques, such as iatrosedation and hypnosis, maintain an important role in the overall management of patients' dental fears and anxieties.
Semi-supervised two-dimensional manifold learning based on pair-wise constraints

Considering the huge calculated amount of eigen-decomposition in one-dimensional Linear local tangent space alignment (LLTSA), this paper proposed a Semi-supervised two-dimensional manifold learning based on pair-wise constraints (2D-PCLTSA). 2D-PCLTSA adopts two-dimensional image matrices as the samples to extract image feature information, and uses pair-wise constraints as supervised information. 2D-PCLTSA preserves the feature information in the sample set while taking advantage of the supervised information effectively. Through the experiments on YALE and ORL, 2D-PCLTSA outperforms based on traditional dimensionality reduction algorithms with maximum average recognition rate by 2.85% and 6.25% respectively. Especially, our algorithm could keep well classification performance with a few constraints.
Worldlikeness: A Web-based Tool for Typological Psycholinguistic Research

In this paper, we introduce Worldlikeness, a web-based tool for collecting and sharing cross-linguistic wordlikeness judgments (nonce word acceptability judgments) to facilitate typological psycholinguistic research. Typological psycholinguistic research is essential since crucial factors affecting language processing vary across languages, but these factors often too confounded to tease apart by comparing just two languages at a time. This type of research is nevertheless difficult since it requires testing many speakers from each language, using materials designed with the help of expert native speakers. Worldlikeness aims to make typological psycholinguistics more feasible, by providing tools for separate groups of experimenters to design experiments with text, audio, images, and video for individual languages, collect judgments and reaction times online, and crucially, share their data with each other for typological analysis. We show that Worldlikeness successfully replicated Mandarin wordlikeness judgments collected using traditional lab-based software, and report its first use in a cross-linguistic study collecting wordlikeness judgments from bilingual speakers of Mandarin and Southern Min. This working paper is available in University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics: http://repository.upenn. edu/pwpl/ vol23/iss1/4 U. Penn Working Papers in Linguistics, Volume 23.1, 2017 Worldlikeness: A Web-based Tool for Typological Psycholinguistic Research Tsung-Ying Chen and James Myers*
Dynamics of the East India Coastal Current: 2. Numerical solutions

A linear, continuously stratified model is used to investigate the dynamics of the East India Coastal Current (EICC). Solutions are found numerically in a basin that resembles the Indian Ocean basin north of 29°S, and they are forced by Hellerman and Rosenstein [1983] winds. Effects due to the following four forcing mechanisms are isolated: local alongshore winds adjacent to the east coasts of India and Sri Lanka, remote alongshore winds adjacent to the northern and eastern boundaries of the Bay, remotely forced signals propagating from the equator, and interior Ekman pumping. Each process contributes significantly to the EICC surface flow at some locations and at some times during the year. Along the Indian coast (north of 10°N), the surface EICC flows northeastward from February until September, with a strong peak in March–April and weaker flow from June to September; interior Ekman pumping, remote alongshore winds and equatorial forcing all contribute to the springtime peak, whereas local alongshore winds are the primary driving force of the weaker summertime flow. Along Sri Lanka (south of 10°N), the surface EICC flows northward only during March and April; the absence of northward flow at other times is due to interior Ekman pumping, which drives a strong southward current for much of the year (April to December). Along both coasts there is southward flow from October to January that is driven by interior Ekman pumping and local alongshore winds. The EICC also has significant subsurface flow on several occasions. Along the Indian coast, there is southwestward flow extending to depths greater than 1000 m from May to July that is driven primarily by equatorial forcing. From July to September, the southwestward flow forms a shallow subsurface counterflow (a Coastal Undercurrent); its cause is primarily equatorial forcing and interior Ekman pumping, not the local alongshore winds, as might be expected.
Robustness analysis for Least Squares kernel based regression: an optimization approach

In kernel based regression techniques (such as Support Vector Machines or Least Squares Support Vector Machines) it is hard to analyze the influence of perturbed inputs on the estimates. We show that for a nonlinear black box model a convex problem can be derived if it is linearized with respect to the influence of input perturbations. For this model an explicit prediction equation can be found. The cast into a convex problem is possible as we assume that the perturbations are bounded by a design parameter ϱ. The problem requires the solution of linear systems in Nd (the number of training points times the input dimensionality) variables. However, approximate solutions can be obtained with moderate computational effort. We demonstrate on simple examples that possible applications are in robust model selection, experiment design and model analysis.