Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Hyperacute and Acute Ischaemic Stroke: The Potential Utility of Exosomal MicroRNA-21-5p and MicroRNA-30a-5p

Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of ischaemic stroke (IS) requires the use of an optimized biomarker. Exosomal microRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers owing to their stability and specificity. We investigated the expression levels of plasma-derived exosomal microRNA-21-5p and microRNA-30a-5p in the different phases of IS. Methods: One hundred forty-three patients with IS and 24 non-stroke controls were enrolled. The patients were divided into the following 5 groups: 1 group for the hyperacute phase IS (HIS, within 6 h); two for the acute phase IS (AIS, including days 1–3 and days 4–7); one for the subacute phase IS (SIS, days 8–14); and one for the recovery phase IS (RIS, days >14). Plasma exosomes were isolated using a QIAGEN exoRNeasy kit and examined by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking, and flow cytometry. The expression levels of miRNA-21-5p and miRNA-30a-5p were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The plasma exosomal miR-21-5p levels in SIS and RIS were significantly higher than that in controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). The levels of miR-30a-5p in HIS were significantly higher (p < 0.05) and in AIS (days 1–3) were lower than that in controls (p < 0.05). In AIS (days 1–3), both miRNAs were decreased compared with the HIS group (p = 0.053 and 0.001, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) of the miR-21-5p was 0.714 for SIS (95% CI 0.570–0.859, p = 0.007), 0.734 for RIS (95% CI 0.596–0.871, p = 0.003); the AUC of the miR-30a-5p was 0.826 for HIS (95% CI 0.665–0.988, p = 0.001), 0.438 for AIS (days 1–3; 95% CI 0.240–0.635, p = 0.516). Conclusions: The plasma-derived exosomal miR-21-5p and miRNA-30a-5p in combination are promising biomarkers for diagnosing IS and distinguishing among HIS, SIS, and RIS, especially miRNA-30a-5p for the diagnosis of the HIS phase. Our results provide a new reference for clinicians to apply in early-stage diagnosis and identifies the possible value of biomarkers for IS thrombolysis therapy.
Advanced Multitenant Hadoop in Smart Open Data Platform

Nowadays, there has been an immense amount of data coming from various devices sensors, social networks and IoT services. Among these data, open data is playing more and more important role in practice. Many individuals and organizations collect a broad range of different types of data in order to perform their analytic tasks. However, the current open data platforms still have many limitations. Among the drawbacks, data management, an important process of analytic service development, needs to be improved significantly. The main reason is that the emergence of massive data explosion coming from various sources has been making the process become more and more complicated and costly. Therefore, we propose here a system related to the field of data management to allow multitenant users to find and access easily their desired data as well as metadata. It also helps improve the performance of platform.
A clustering-based rule-mining approach for monitoring long-term energy use and understanding system behavior

We describe a data mining approach to discover possible explanations for long-term energy consumption patterns in commercial and residential buildings. Our approach uses clustering to identify interesting patterns in energy data and correlates these patterns to other sensor information. These correlations, written in the form of rules, provide potential explanations for the patterns. Our approach is different from existing approaches in a number of ways: First, we apply these techniques to producing explanatory rules in long-term energy usage for large datasets. Second, we use clustering to find interesting patterns and provide explanatory rules about these patterns by applying rule mining on a dataset made up of secondary information (including temporal ranges and other building sensors) that include these cluster ids. Finally, we include in our analysis the list of rules that are exclusive to each cluster. We show that our approach for finding the rules is capable of finding useful explanatory rules for a real dataset.
A Wearable Wireless fNIRS System

Neurovascular coupling mechanisms in functional brain activity has always been important areas of brain science. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been utilized in the recent decades for examining functional brain activity by measuring the changes in the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin. fNIRS is a noninvasive detecting technology, it has many characteristics such as high measurement speed, simple operation, fNIRS represents a good compromise in terms of spatial and temporal resolution, and so it's becoming more and more widely used. But recent fNIRS still non-wearable and participants are nonmoving. In this work, we design a low-cost, low power, wearable and wireless fNIRS system. This system has two wavelengths light of 760nm and 850nm, and transfer data via Bluetooth. We design and make a plastic housing for fix the optical fiber by 3D printer. The battery can last several hours. In an experiment, this system can detect change of Hb and HbO2's concentration.
Accuracy of Rapid Tests for Malaria and Treatment Outcomes for Malaria and Non-Malaria Cases among Under-Five Children in Rural Ghana

Background WHO now recommends test-based management of malaria across all transmission settings. The accuracy of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and the outcome of treatment based on the result of tests will influence acceptability of and adherence to the new guidelines. Method We conducted a study at the Kintampo hospital in rural Ghana to evaluate the performance of CareStart, a HRP-2 based RDT, using microscopy as reference. We applied IMCI treatment guidelines, restricted ACT to RDT-positive children and followed-up both RDT-positive (malaria) and RDT-negative (non-malaria) cases over 28 days. Results 436 children were enrolled in the RDT evaluation and 391 (children with haemoglobin >8.0 gm/dl) were followed-up to assess treatment outcomes. Mean age was 25.4 months (s.d. 14.6). Sensitivity and specificity of the RDT were 100.0% and 73.0% respectively. Over the follow-up period, 32 (18.5%) RDT-negative children converted to positive, with 7 (4.0%) of them presenting with fever. More children in the non-malaria group made unscheduled visits than children in the malaria group (13.3% versus 7.7%) On all scheduled follow-up visits, proportion of children having a temperature higher than that recorded on day 0 was higher in the non-malaria group compared to the malaria group. Reports of unfavourable treatment outcomes by caregivers were higher among the non-malaria group than the malaria group. Conclusions The RDT had good sensitivity and specificity. However a minority of children who will not receive ACT based on RDT results may develop clinical malaria within a short period in high transmission settings. This could undermine caregivers' and health workers' confidence in the new guidelines. Improving the quality of management of non-malarial febrile illnesses should be a priority in the era of test-based management of malaria. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00832754
Simulation Study for Wild-Type and C101F Mutant of LIM2 Domain in FHL1

Myopathy is a rare disease lacking a fundamental therapy. Several genetic factors are involved in myopathy; those caused by mutations in FHL1 are rare. We performed molecular dynamics simulation of the LIM2 domain in FHL1 (four and a half LIM domain protein 1). We simulated a partial system consisting of only the LIM2 domain for the wild-type and C101F mutant to confirm the structural stability. We found that structural changes and fluctuations were larger for the mutant type than for the wild-type. Therefore, mutant type structures are unstable in water when the mutations are in residues constituting the zinc finger. Similar results were observed in the simulation of the LIM1+LIM2 domain.
Brain-computer interface ( BCI ) evaluation in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) might restore communication to people severely disabled by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or other disorders. We sought to: 1) defi ne a protocol for determining whether a person with ALS can use a visual P300-based BCI; 2) determine what proportion of this population can use the BCI; and 3) identify factors affecting BCI performance. Twenty-fi ve individuals with ALS completed an evaluation protocol using a standard 6 u0003 6 matrix and parameters selected by stepwise linear discrimination. With an 8-channel EEG montage, the subjects fell into two groups in BCI accuracy (chance accuracy 3%). Seventeen averaged 92 ( 3)% (range 71 – 100%), which is adequate for communication (G70 group). Eight averaged 12 ( 6)% (range 0 – 36%), inadequate for communication (L40 subject group). Performance did not correlate with disability: 11/17 (65%) of G70 subjects were severely disabled (i.e. ALSFRS-R 5). All L40 subjects had visual impairments (e.g. nystagmus, diplopia, ptosis). P300 was larger and more anterior in G70 subjects. A 16-channel montage did not signifi cantly improve accuracy. In conclusion, most people severely disabled by ALS could use a visual P300-based BCI for communication. In those who could not, visual impairment was the principal obstacle. For these individuals, auditory P300-based BCIs might be effective.
Content-Aware Cooperative Transmission in HetNets With Consideration of Base Station Height

With macrocell base stations (MBSs) providing basic coverage for mobile users, the multiple tiers of cache-enabled small-cell base stations (SBSs) can opportunistically form user-centric clusters to enhance network capacity through traffic offloading and cooperative transmission. In this paper, we investigate cooperative transmission in cache-enabled heterogeneous networks considering the impact of base station (BS) heights. Specifically, the user-centric cooperative SBS clusters are formed based on the information of the cached contents, the transmission distance, and the cell load at SBSs. The users failed to be offloaded to the cooperative SBS clusters are served by the nearest MBSs. By incorporating the COST 231 Hata model for the line-of-sight and nonline-of-sight channels, the explicit expressions for the average spectral efficiency (SE) are obtained with statistical characterizations for the cell load distribution, as well as the aggregated information and interference signal strength. The analytical results indicate that with the COST 231 Hata model and the cooperative SBS cluster, the average SE decreases with the increase of BS height. Moreover, different tradeoffs exist with the varying cache size, SBS density, and cooperative distance threshold, which results in a bell-shaped SE with respect to (w.r.t) the SBS density and the cooperative distance threshold. In addition, with an appropriate cooperative distance threshold, the average SE exhibits a bell-shaped relationship w.r. t the cache size. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the analytical results and demonstrate the impact of the network parameters.
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City X F I N a N C I a L I N How Has the Adoption of Internet Banking Affected Performance and Risk in Banks?

1 Internet technology holds the potential to fundamentally change banks and the banking industry. For individual banks, the Internet may " level the playing field " by allowing all banks to easily offer innovative products and access new customers. But a bank that adopts Internet banking must develop different methods of conducting business, methods that may introduce new risks to the bank. For the banking industry, the Internet introduces competitive pressures that may bring significant changes. An extreme view speculates that the Internet will destroy old models of how bank services are developed and delivered. Whether or not this extreme view proves correct, most observers expect that the Internet will have a profound influence on the banking industry. 1 It is therefore important for bankers, bank supervisors , and policymakers to understand how Inter-net banking affects the performance of banks. The main goal of this study is to determine whether banks have carefully introduced Internet banking to their markets, and whether they have been helped or harmed by their early commitment to a new and relatively untested technology. To reach this goal, this article explores three interrelated questions. Has Internet banking been introduced into markets that will facilitate customer acceptance? Is the use of the Internet consistent with the business strategy of banks? Are performance measures, such as expenses, profitability, or risk, better or worse among banks that have adopted Internet banking compared to those that have not? To answer these questions, I present in this article an analysis of a sample of banks that are located Richard J. Sullivan is an economist in the Division of Supervision and Risk Management of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City. The author thanks Nancy Novack and Kevin King, who provided some of the data used in this study, and many members of the Division of Supervision and Risk Management for help in reviewing bank Web sites. The article has greatly benefited from presentations at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, and Colorado State University. The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City or of the Federal Reserve System.
Multi-scale Anomaly Detection with Wavelets

We present a novel system for the detection of anomalies in streaming timeseries data, particularly that found in server and application monitoring, as well as "Internet of Things" (IoT) sensor monitoring and applications. By using the Discrete Wavelet Transform combined with online kernel density estimation, we achieve robustness to many different families of data, and detect multiple anomaly types at different time scales. We compare the performance of this method against other methods using the Numenta Anomaly Benchmark, and achieve a normalized score of 65.58 out of 100, approaching the current best of 70.1.
The Rationale for Continuous Glucose Monitoring-based Diabetes Treatment Decisions and Non-adjunctive Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use

Abstract Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is now recognised as a core component of diabetes self-management. However, there are many limitations to SMBG use in individuals with diabetes who are treated with intensive insulin regimens. Many individuals do not test at the recommended frequencies. Additionally, because SMBG only provides a blood glucose reading at a single point in time, hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia can easily go undetected, limiting the user’s ability to take corrective action. Inaccuracies due to user error, environmental factors and weaknesses in SMBG system integrity further limit the utility of SMBG. Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) displays the current glucose, direction and velocity of glucose change and provides programmable alarms. This trending information and ‘around-the-clock’ vigilance provides a significant safety advantage relative to SMBG. No published clinical studies have evaluated outcomes when CGM is used as a replacement for SMBG; however, recent in silico studies support this indication. This article reviews the limitations of SMBG and discusses recent evidence that supports CGM-based decisions as an effective approach to managing insulin-treated diabetes.
Adplot: detection and visualization of repetitive patterns in complete genomes

MOTIVATION Repetitive DNA sequences are abundant in genomes and efficient mining of significant repeats is important as the first step of repetitive sequence research. Although many computational tools for the purpose, either automatic or visualization ones, have been developed, detection and analysis of approximate repeats are still non-trivial task. RESULTS Auto Dot PLOT (Adplot), a dotplot-like repetitive pattern visualization program with a window filtering based on iid Bernoulli trials, is developed and applied to yeast chromosomes and human T cell receptor locus sequence. Typical examples found in yeast chromosomes 1 and 10 and a tandem repeat of periods longer than 10,000 bp in human T cell receptor locus are presented. A complex structure composed of both direct and palindromic repeats found in yeast chromosome 10 is also visualized as specific dot pattern. Computational time measured by a Pentium 3 PC for each yeast auto chromosome with a standard parameter setting is linearly scaled and below 10 s per one chromosome, indicating efficiency of the program. From the examples, it is shown that Adplot can visualize approximate local repeat structures and give us a diagnosis power for inferring a duplicational history of repeats. AVAILABILITY Adplot can be obtained by an e-mail request.
Safety of apixaban for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis: the evidence to date

Apixaban, a direct orally active anticoagulant (selective, direct factor Xa inhibitor) is approved for (primary) prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing elective total-hip or total-knee arthroplasty, for acute treatment/prevention of recurrent events in patients with VTE, and extended prophylaxis in patients with a history of VTE. Another approved use is prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. The present overview focuses on the safety of apixaban specifically in the VTE setting. Apixaban displays favorable pharmacokinetic properties: simple twice-daily dosing, low inter- and intrasubject variability, dose and time linearity, and multiple elimination pathways not critically dependent on either renal or metabolic mechanisms. An extensive nonclinical program and the overall clinical development program (all approved and tested indications) provided no signal that would indicate any particular specific safety concern related to apixaban apart from the increased risk of bleeding. With regard to the approved VTE indications, safety (and efficacy) was assessed in five large pivotal Phase III trials. In comparison to currently recommended standard treatments, apixaban shows superior efficacy, while at the same time no excess risk of bleeding in patients undergoing total-hip or total-knee arthroplasty. In treatment of VTE, apixaban shows noninferior efficacy and a reduced risk of bleeding, whereas in extended prophylaxis it reduced the risk of VTE/VTE-related deaths, with no increased risk of relevant bleedings in comparison to placebo. Documented clinical experience with apixaban in daily practice is currently sparse. However, its use is progressively increasing, and there has been no signal so far that would materially change the perception of its safety profile as defined in the premarketing trials.
A world without bacterial meningitis: how genomic epidemiology can inform vaccination strategy

Bacterial meningitis remains an important cause of global morbidity and mortality. Although effective vaccinations exist and are being increasingly used worldwide, bacterial diversity threatens their impact and the ultimate goal of eliminating the disease. Through genomic epidemiology, we can appreciate bacterial population structure and its consequences for transmission dynamics, virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and development of new vaccines. Here, we review what we have learned through genomic epidemiological studies, following the rapid implementation of whole genome sequencing that can help to optimise preventative strategies for bacterial meningitis.
A Generation Method of Immunological Memory in Clonal Selection Algorithm by Using Restricted Boltzmann Machines

Recently, a high technique of image processing is required to extract the image features in real time. In our research, the tourist subject data are collected from the Mobile Phone based Participatory Sensing (MPPS) system. Each record consists of image files with GPS, geographic location name, user's numerical evaluation, and comments written in natural language at sightseeing spots where a user really visits. In our previous research, the famous landmarks in sightseeing spot can be detected by Clonal Selection Algorithm with Immunological Memory Cell (CSAIM). However, some landmarks was not detected correctly by the previous method because they didn't have enough amount of information for the feature extraction. In order to improve the weakness, we propose the generation method of immunological memory by Restricted Boltzmann Machines. To verify the effectiveness of the method, some experiments for classification of the subjective data are executed by using machine learning tools for Deep Learning.
Survival strategy of the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacterium, Tetragenococcus halophilus, to counteract koji mold, Aspergillus oryzae, in soy sauce brewing

ABSTRACT In soy sauce brewing, the results of the fermentation of lactic acid greatly affect the quality of soy sauce. The soy sauce moromi produced with Aspergillus oryzae RIB40 allows the growth of Tetragenococcus halophilus NBRC 12172 but not T. halophilus D10. We isolated and identified heptelidic acid (HA), an inhibitor of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), produced by A. oryzae RIB40 as the growth inhibitor of the salt-tolerant lactic acid bacteria. The growth inhibition of T. halophilus D10 by HA was suggested to be associated with the direct inhibition of GAPDH activity under high salt environment. The difference in the susceptibility to HA among various strains of T. halophilus was caused by the mutations in the gene encoding GAPDH. T. halophilus consumes a lot of ATP to maintain salt-tolerance. When heptelidic acid inhibits GAPDH, T. halophilus cannot grow because of ATP depletion under high salt concentration.
Patient Satisfaction with and Acceptance of Their Totally-Implanted Central Venous Catheter: Construction and First Validation of a Questionnaire

Rationale: Most cancer patients require a totally-implanted Central Venous Catheter (CVC) for their treatment. We develop and validate a French-language questionnaire dubbed QASICC (Questionnaire for Acceptance of and Satisfaction with Implanted Central Venous Catheter) assessing patient satisfaction with and acceptance of their CVC. Method: The construction and first validation of the questionnaire was made using validated methodology consisting in four phases. Phase 1 aimed at collecting a comprehensive list of relevant items. Phase 2 consisted in converting items into questions followed by a first item selection procedure. Phase 3 tested the acceptance of the provisional module to a small number of patients. Phase 4 involved a first validation on patients to determine its psychometric characteristics. Results: Responses to the questionnaire were collected from 215 patients. The final tool included 27 questions assessing seven dimensions: pain, contribution to the comfort of the treatment, esthetics and privacy, impact on professional activities, social and sports, impact on daily activities, local discomfort and overall satisfaction.Conclusions: This first statistical validation seems very promising and allows us to confirm the structure and the psychometric properties of the tool. Further validation studies are required on standard and specific populations in order to confirm these first results.
Application of Diffusion‐Driven Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly for Fabricating Compact Graphene‐Based Supercapacitors

DOI: 10.1002/admi.201600260 However, a main issue has been the restacking of nanosheets due to strong interplanar van der Waals forces, which decreases accessible surface area for energy storage and also cuts off conduits for ion transport; to minimize such restacking, experiments have been generally conducted with graphene in a loosely packed form with overall densities less than 0.76 g cm – 3 . [ 14–21 ]