Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Principles of Multimedia Learning: The Role of Modality and Contiguity

Students viewed a computer animation depicting the process of lightning. In Experiment 1, they concurrently viewed on-screen text presented near the animation or far from the animation, or concurrently listened to a narration. In Experiment 2, they concurrently viewed on-screen text or listened to a narration, viewed on-screen text following or preceding the animation, or listened to a narration following or preceding the animation. Learning was measured by retention, transfer, and matching tests. Experiment 1 revealed a spatial-contiguity effect in which students learned better when visual and verbal materials were physically close. Both experiments revealed a modality effect in which students learned better when verbal input was presented auditorily as speech rather than visually as text. The results support 2 cognitive principles of multimedia learning. Technological advances have made possible the combination and coordination of verbal presentation modes (such as narration and on-screen text) with nonverbal presentation modes (such as graphics, video, animations, and environmental sounds) in just one device (the computer). These advances include multimedia environments, where students can be introduced to causal models of complex systems by the use of computer-generated animations (Park & Hopkins, 1993). However, despite its power to facilitate learning, multimedia has been developed on the basis of its technological capacity, and rarely is it used according to research-based principles (Kozma, 1991; Mayer, in press; Moore, Burton, & Myers, 1996). Instructional design of multimedia is still mostly based on the intuitive beliefs of designers rather than on empirical evidence (Park & Hannafin, 1994). The purpose of the present study is to contribute to multimedia learning theory by clarifying and testing two cognitive principles: the contiguity principle and the modality principle.
Asymptotically Optimal Box Packing Theorems

Given a protoset of $d$-dimensional polyominoes, we ask which boxes can be packed by the protoset. In some cases, it may be too difficult to give a complete answer to this question, so we ask the easier question about determining all sufficiently large boxes that can be packed. (We say that a box is "sufficiently large" if all edge lengths are ${} \ge C$ for some large $C$.) We give numerous examples (mostly $2$-dimensional) where we can answer this easier question. The various techniques involved are: checkerboard-type colorings/numberings (tile homology), the boundary word method of Conway and Lagarias (tile homotopy), ad hoc geometric arguments, and a very nice theorem of Barnes. Barnes' Theorem asserts that all necessary conditions for a box to be packable can be given in a certain form, and these conditions are also sufficient for large boxes. Barnes' Theorem has not received the appreciation it deserves. We give a new, purely combinatorial proof of this important result. (Barnes' original proof uses techniques of algebraic geometry.) In the special case that all the prototiles are boxes themselves, we show how to determine all sufficiently large boxes that they pack. We prove a theorem based on Barnes' result that reduces this to a straightforward calculation.
Cristina Turcu Near-Field Focusing Dielectric Resonator Antenna Array for Fixed RFID Readers Regular Paper

The design of a NF‐ focused DRA phased array antenna is implemented for fixed RFID reader applications at 5.8 GHz. The radiated field is focused in the near‐zone of the array aperture. Numerical investigations on the radiation characteristics of the NF‐ focused array as well as uniform phase array are presented to demonstrate its feasibility for RFID real applications.
Weaknesses of ‘wage-led growth’*

The emphasis in post-Keynesian macroeconomics on wage-versus profit-led growth may not have been helpful. The profit share is not an exogenous variable, and the correlations between the profit share and economic growth can be positive for some exogenous shocks but negative for others. The terminology, second, suggests a unidirectional causality from distribution to aggregate demand while in fact distribution can itself be directly affected by shifts in aggregate demand. The reduced form correlations,third, depend on interactions with the labor market, and a focus on the goods market can be misleading. If, fourth, empirical estimates are taken at face value, the support for wage-led conclusions is much weaker than suggested by the literature. A focus on the growth-benefits of a reduction in inequality, finally, makes for an impoverished policy discussion.
Unsupervised classification of forest from polarimetric interferometric SAR data using fuzzy clustering

Fuzzy clustering algorithms have been successfully applied to POLSAR classification, but not to POLInSAR. In this paper, a Fuzzy C Means (FCM) clustering algorithm integrating the complementary physical information and statistical property contained in both polarimetric and interferometric data, is used for POLInSAR classification. At first, the area dominated by volume scattering is extracted from polarimetric information using unsupervised H-A-Alpha k-means Wishart classifier with the physical scattering mechanisms of different terrain types; and the volume scattering area (forest area) is further segmented in the feature space of the relative optimal interferomet-ric coherence spectrum A1 and A2. Then a robust unsupervised fuzzy C means (FCM) classifier initialized with the results of the segmentation is applied to the polarimetric interferometric coherency data sets corresponding to the volume scattering area. This will not only take into account the scattering mechanisms of the data, so that the results of the classification have definite physical meaning, but also avoid the problem that the initial value of FCM algorithm is difficult to identify. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with k-means Wishart classifier using repeat pass E-SAR L band polarimetric interfer-ometric SAR data and the corresponding auxiliary image. Preliminary results show that the proposed method has better performance.
Role of Dendritic Cells and Alveolar Macrophages in Regulating Early Host Defense against Pulmonary Infection with Cryptococcus neoformans

ABSTRACT Successful pulmonary clearance of the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans requires a T1 adaptive immune response. This response takes up to 3 weeks to fully develop. The role of the initial, innate immune response against the organism is uncertain. In this study, an established model of diphtheria toxin-mediated depletion of resident pulmonary dendritic cells (DC) and alveolar macrophages (AM) was used to assess the contribution of these cells to the initial host response against cryptococcal infection. The results demonstrate that depletion of DC and AM one day prior to infection results in rapid clinical deterioration and death of mice within 6 days postinfection; this effect was not observed in infected groups of control mice not depleted of DC and AM. Depletion did not alter the microbial burden or total leukocyte recruitment in the lung. Mortality (in mice depleted of DC and AM) was associated with increased neutrophil and B-cell accumulation accompanied by histopathologic evidence of suppurative neutrophilic bronchopneumonia, cyst formation, and alveolar damage. Collectively, these data define an important role for DC and AM in regulating the initial innate immune response following pulmonary infection with C. neoformans. These findings provide important insight into the cellular mechanisms which coordinate early host defense against an invasive fungal pathogen in the lung.
Inkjet printing of passive microwave circuitry

Inkjet printing technology was utilized to fabricate transmission lines on a glass substrate. 50 micron resolution was realized using 10 pL drop volumes on a Corning 7740 glass substrate. This can be further improved by applying other methods as described in this paper. The conductivity of the sintered silver structures were 1/6 that of bulk silver after sintering at a temperature much lower than the melting point of bulk silver. A comparison of the DC resistance of the sintered silver shows that it can be a match for electroplated and etched copper. Printed Coplanar lines demonstrated losses of 1.62 dB/cm at 10 GHZ and 2.65 dB/cm at 20 GHz.
Regulation of acrosome reaction by Liprin α3, LAR and its ligands in mouse spermatozoa

Zona pellucida‐based induction of acrosome reaction (AR) is a popular and well‐accepted hypothesis. However, this hypothesis is being challenged in recent years and it has been proposed that the cumulus cells might be the site of AR. In our previous study, we reported the presence of a synaptic protein Liprin α3 on sperm acrosome, and proposed its role in AR. This study was designed to understand the role of Liprin α3 and its interacting proteins in regulation of AR. It is observed that the presence of anti‐Liprin α3 antibody inhibits the process of AR. Colocalization experiments demonstrate the coexistence of leucocyte antigen related (LAR) protein, Rab‐interacting molecule (RIM) and Liprin α3 on sperm acrosome thereby completing the identification of all the members of RIM/MUNC/Rab3A/liprinα complex required for membrane fusion. This study demonstrates the effect of LAR ligands such as Syndecans, Nidogens and LAR wedge domain peptide on AR. We could see an increase in AR in presence of these ligands. On the basis of these data, we speculate that in presence of ligands or wedge peptide, LAR undergoes dimerization leading to inhibition of phosphatase activity and increase in AR. The presence of one of the ligands Syndecan‐1 on cumulus cells led us to hypothesize that it is Syndecan which induces AR in vivo and thus another site of AR could lie in cumulus.
Social networking and adjustments among international students

How do social media facilitate adjustment to changes in social structure and culture? This research examines the impact of online social networking on online and offline social capitals and adjustment of international students in the United States. A survey of 195 international students in a major Midwestern university showed that students’ interactions with Americans and home country friends using Facebook, extroversion, and horizontal collectivism were positively related to international students’ social adjustment and online bridging capital. Facebook usage mediated the relationship between extroversion and online social capital. The implications of social network site use, personality, and cultural difference on social capital and adjustment are discussed.
Not seeing the wood for the trees: developing a feedback analysis tool to explore feed forward in modularised programmes

This paper considers feedback in the context of modularised programmes in higher education in the UK. It is argued that the self-contained nature of modular assessment may limit feedback dialogue between staff and students to assignment-specific issues, and may impede student progress towards holistic programme-level aims and outcomes. A feedback profiling tool was developed to categorise feedback on draft and final work. The analysis of feedback on 63 samples of draft work and 154 samples of final work showed different patterns. There were more feedback comments on draft work, and the feedback comments were dominated by advice and critique, while the feedback comments on the final work were overwhelmingly dominated by praise. This pattern of feedback is problematised in terms of feed forward from one module to the next, as students work towards the development of programme-level outcomes. Ipsative feedback (on progress) and feed forward in terms of disciplinary-specific skills and programme-level outcomes are recommended to enable students to act on feedback on end-of-module work, and develop students’ capacity to recontextualise disciplinary-specific skills throughout a programme. Some developmental applications for the feedback profiling tool are also suggested.
Accelerometer-measured daily physical activity related to aerobic fitness in children and adolescents

Abstract Maximum oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2PEAK) is generally considered to be the best single marker for aerobic fitness. While a positive relationship between daily physical activity and aerobic fitness has been established in adults, the relationship appears less clear in children and adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to summarise recently published data on the relationship between daily physical activity, as measured by accelerometers, and [Vdot]O2PEAK in children and adolescents. A PubMed search was performed on 29 October 2010 to identify relevant articles. Studies were considered relevant if they included measurement of daily physical activity by accelerometry and related to a [Vdot]O2PEAK either measured directly at a maximal exercise test or estimated from maximal power output. A total of nine studies were identified, with a total number of 6116 children and adolescents investigated. Most studies reported a low-to-moderate relationship (r = 0.10–0.45) between objectively measured daily physical activity and [Vdot]O2PEAK. No conclusive evidence exists that physical activity of higher intensities are more closely related to [Vdot]O2PEAK, than lower intensities.
Sharing of Ia antigens between species. I. Detection of Ia specificities shared by rats and mice

A mouse anti-rat xenogeneic antiserum, B10.D2 anti-BN, has been found to react with a subpopulation of lymphoid cells of certain mouse strains. The corresponding alloantiserum, B10.D2 anti-B10.BR, reacted in analogous fashion with lymphoid cells of BN rats. In the case of the cross-reaction on mouse cells, mapping studies indicated that at least part of the reactivity was with the product of gene(s) determined by the I-A subregion of the H-2 complex. Chemical isolation studies with radiolabeled cell surface preparations indicated that the antigens detected in both mouse and rat had mol wt characteristic of Ia antigens (35,000 and 28,000 dalton molecules). Testing of fractionated spleen cell populations revealed that the cross-reactive antigens were expressed predominatly on B cells, but that a subpopulation of T cells were also reactive. Wider strain and species distribution studies are in progress to determine the extent of such Ia cross-reactions between species and to further assess the practical and theoretical importance of such cross-reactions.
Is there a deterrent effect of pains of imprisonment?

Juvenile offenders who have been sent to prison for the first time must arrange their everyday social interactions with inmates and prison staff. Under the assumption that social integration is a basic need, negative subjective experience with interactions inside of prison is an important aspect of pains of imprisonment. Hence, this experience could have a deterrent effect on committing crime after release from first imprisonment. In addition, a deterrent effect could occur if inmates suffered from deprivation of contact with persons outside of prison. Moreover, prisoners who keep their distance from other inmates might suffer, because the basic social need of interaction is not satisfied. It will be shown that indeed, there seems to be a deterrent effect of suffering from deprivation of contacts with persons outside. In addition, the more prisoners isolate themselves from other inmates, the lower the rate of recidivism is. But with respect to fear of other inmates, no deterrent effect can be found. Rather the opposite is the case: the higher the fear of other inmates, the higher the rate of recidivism.
Scalable Symmetry Detection for Urban Scenes

In this paper, we present a novel method for detecting partial symmetries in very large point clouds of 3D city scans. Unlike previous work, which has only been demonstrated on data sets of a few hundred megabytes maximum, our method scales to very large scenes: We map the detection problem to a nearest‐neighbour problem in a low‐dimensional feature space, and follow this with a cascade of tests for geometric clustering of potential matches. Our algorithm robustly handles noisy real‐world scanner data, obtaining a recognition performance comparable to that of state‐of‐the‐art methods. In practice, it scales linearly with scene size and achieves a high absolute throughput, processing half a terabyte of scanner data overnight on a dual socket commodity PC.
Isolation and Fatty Acid Profile of Selected Microalgae Strains from the Red Sea for Biofuel Production

The isolation of lipid-rich autochthonous strains of microalgae is a crucial stage for the development of a microalgae-based biofuel production plant, as these microalgae already have the necessary adaptations to withstand competition, predation and the temperatures observed at each production site. This is particularly important in extreme climates such as in Saudi Arabia. Resorting to fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) we screened for and isolated several microalgal strains from samples collected from the Red Sea. Relying on the fluorescence of BODIPY 505/515 (4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diazasindacene) and growth performance, four promising candidates were identified and the total lipid content and fatty acid profile was assessed for biofuels production. Selected isolates were classified as chlorophytes, belonging to three different genera: Picochlorum , Nannochloris and Desmochloris . The lipid contents were assessed microscopically by means of BODIPY 505/515-associated fluorescence to detect intracellular lipid bodies, which revealed several lipid drops in all selected strains. This result was confirmed by lipid gravimetric determination, which demonstrated that all strains under study presented inner cell lipid contents ranging from 20% to 25% of the biomass dry weight. Furthermore, the fatty acid methyl esters profile of all strains seems ideal for biodiesel production due to a low degree of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and high amount of palmitic and oleic acids.
Short-term load forecasting based on support vector machines regression

A novel method based on SVM for the electric power system short-term load forecasting was presented. The proposed algorithm embodies the structural risk minimization (SRM) principle is more generalized performance and accurate as compared to artificial neural network which embodies the embodies risk minimization (ERM) principle. The theory of the SVM algorithm is based on statistical learning theory. Training of SVM leads to a quadratic programming problem. In order to improve forecast accuracy, the SVM interpolates among the load and temperature data in a training data set. Analysis of the experimental results proved that SVM could achieve greater accuracy and faster speed than the BP neural network.
Addressing the characteristics of mobility models in IoV for smart city

Internet of Things (IOT), a notion of integrated and self-configuring devices, has pulled the attention of many researchers due to its surging popularity in recent years. Internet of Vehicles (IOV) is an important part of IOT when the prime focus is on vehicles as the underneath intelligent devices. The vehicle communication in IoV is being derived through Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). While simulating a VANET scenario, the movement of nodes directly influences the overall performance. This movement is defined under multiple heterogeneous mobility models. Continuous research is being performed in order to bring these mobility models to correspond mobility that is in close proximity to real world environment. This work evaluates different mobility models using multiple experimental setups built upon different simulation parameters. We provide a comprehensive comparison highlighting the effect of the mobility models on different network performance parameters.
Meryn: open, SLA-driven, cloud bursting PaaS

PaaS (Platform as a service) systems are revolutionizing the way modern applications are developed and hosted. Current PaaS offerings provide limited support for managing SLAs (Service Level Agreements) that constrain application quality properties, such as response times. To overcome this limitation, PaaS systems should be capable of dynamically adjusting resource allocations to meet provider objectives. At the same time, PaaS systems should retain their extensibility to host diverse application types. In this paper we propose Meryn, an open, SLA-driven, PaaS system that aims at maximizing the provider profit and providing SLA guarantees to diverse application types. Meryn provides support for cloud bursting and applies a decentralized protocol for selecting resources to run applications. This protocol tries to minimize the cost of running applications without affecting their agreed quality properties. We implemented a prototype of the Meryn system and performed a preliminary evaluation. The results show that the effectiveness of Meryn in optimizing the provider profit is very promising.
Light-Weight Multi-Document Summarization based on Two-pass re-ranking

The goal of topic-oriented text summarization is to produce informative short description according to the given topic or query. This is somewhat similar to the target of question answering which retrieves exact answers from large text collections. In this paper, we present a lightweight and rule-free summarization technique. Our method relies on a two-pass re-ranking framework. The first pass is to order the concepts which were clustered via conventional top-down clustering algorithm. The second pass generates the representative sentences from the top N concepts. The main advantage of our work is that we do not need to build external knowledge or pre-defined rules. This is our first time to participate in DUC. Although the result of our system is not comparable with most top-performed methods, the light-weight and rule free techniques still encourage us to further improve via integrating rich sources.
Online reconstruction of 3D magnetic particle imaging data

Magnetic particle imaging is a quantitative functional imaging technique that allows imaging of the spatial distribution of super-paramagnetic iron oxide particles at high temporal resolution. The raw data acquisition can be performed at frame rates of more than 40 volumes s−1. However, to date image reconstruction is performed in an offline step and thus no direct feedback is available during the experiment. Considering potential interventional applications such direct feedback would be mandatory. In this work, an online reconstruction framework is implemented that allows direct visualization of the particle distribution on the screen of the acquisition computer with a latency of about 2 s. The reconstruction process is adaptive and performs block-averaging in order to optimize the signal quality for a given amount of reconstruction time.
Ensemble: a recommendation tool for promoting communication in software teams

Successful software development requires effective coordination among developers. In this paper, we propose Ensemble, an approach and a set of tools that aim to help developers better coordinate their work. Built on IBM Rational Team Concert, Ensemble helps developers select the right people to collaborate with, the right times to collaborate with them, and to stay coordinated with them over time.