Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Period of oscillatory exchange interactions in Co/Cu and Fe/Cu multilayer systems.

A simple expression is presented for the period \ensuremath{\Lambda} of oscillatory interlayer exchange interactions in Co/X and Fe/X magnetic multilayer systems (X= a nearly-free-electron metal). \ensuremath{\Lambda} is shown to be much longer than the period \ensuremath{\lambda} of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida-like spin-density oscillations in the X layers, which are induced by the coupling with the ferromagnetic layers, if \ensuremath{\lambda} is close to an integral fraction of the interlayer spacing in the X layers. The dependence of \ensuremath{\Lambda} on the growth direction of the multilayers is explained. From the available experimental data on fcc Co/Cu(111), fcc Co/Cu(100), and fcc Fe/Cu(100), and from results of recently published band-structure calculations for bcc Fe/Cu(100) effective values of \ensuremath{\lambda} have been derived. In some cases small but significant deviations were found from the value of \ensuremath{\lambda} which is predicted from the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida theory.
Two-way Multimodal Online Matrix Factorization for Multi-label Annotation

This paper presents a matrix factorization algorithm for multi-label annotation. The multi-label annotation problem arises in situations such as object recognition in images where we want to automatically find the objects present in a given image. The solution consists in learning a classification model able to assign one or many labels to a particular sample. The method presented in this paper learns a mapping between the features of the input sample and the labels, which is later used to predict labels for unannotated instances. The mapping between the feature representation and the labels is found by learning a common semantic representation using matrix factorization. An important characteristic of the proposed algorithm is its online formulation based on stochastic gradient descent which can scale to deal with large datasets. According to the experimental evaluation, which compares the method with state-of-the-art space embedding algorithms, the proposed method presents a competitive performance improving, in some cases, previously reported results.
Impact of Collective Gender Identity on Relationship Quality: When Men Feel Devalued

Although heterosexual men typically hold positions of dominance in society, negative aspects of masculinity could lead some men to feel that their gender group is not valued by others (D. A. Prentice & E. Carranza, 2002). Previous research has largely overlooked the impact of men’s own perceptions of their gender group membership on their relationship outcomes. To address this gap, we posited that when heterosexual men feel that their gender identity is devalued, they may relate better to close others who have devalued identities (e.g., their female romantic partners). Specifically, we predicted that heterosexual men who view their masculine gender identity as important but devalued would more successfully take the perspective of their female partner. Results confirmed predictions, such that for undergraduate men whose gender identity was important, lower levels of perceived group value predicted greater ability to take perspective with their romantic partners. Implications for men’s relationships and identity research are discussed.
Simultaneous Semi-Coupled Dictionary Learning for Matching in Canonical Space

Cross-modal recognition and matching with privileged information are important challenging problems in the field of computer vision. The cross-modal scenario deals with matching across different modalities and needs to take care of the large variations present across and within each modality. The privileged information scenario deals with the situation that all the information available during training may not be available during the testing stage, and hence, algorithms need to leverage the extra information from the training stage itself. We show that for multi-modal data, either one of the above situations may arise if one modality is absent during testing. Here, we propose a novel framework, which can handle both these scenarios seamlessly with applications to matching multi-modal data. The proposed approach jointly uses data from the two modalities to build a canonical representation, which encompasses information from both the modalities. We explore four different types of canonical representations for different types of data. The algorithm computes dictionaries and canonical representation for data from both the modalities, such that the transformed sparse coefficients of both the modalities are equal to that of the canonical representation. The sparse coefficients are finally matched using Mahalanobis metric. Extensive experiments on different data sets, involving RGBD, text-image, and audio-image data, show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Incomplete Causal Laws in the Situation Calculus Using Free Fluents

We propose a simple relaxation of Reiter's basic action theories, based on fluents without successor state axioms, that accommodates incompleteness beyond the initial database. We prove that fundamental results about basic action theories can be fully recovered and that the generalized framework allows for natural specifications of various forms of incomplete causal laws. We illustrate this by showing how the evolution of incomplete databases, guarded action theories, and non-deterministic actions can be conveniently specified.
GRIP Deuterium Excess Reveals Rapid and Orbital-Scale Changes in Greenland Moisture Origin

The Northern Hemisphere hydrological cycle is a key factor coupling ice sheets, ocean circulation, and polar amplification of climate change. Here we present a Northern Hemisphere deuterium excess profile covering one climatic cycle, constructed with the use of δ18O and δD Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) records. Past changes in Greenland source and site temperatures are quantified with precipitation seasonality taken into account. The imprint of obliquity is evidenced in the site-to-source temperature gradient at orbital scale. At the millennial time scale, GRIP source temperature changes reflect southward shifts of the geographical locations of moisture sources during cold events, and these rapid shifts are associated with large-scale changes in atmospheric circulation.
The Changing Party of the Institutional Revolution

We know little about how formerly hegemonic parties react to drastic changes in the external political environment. Under non-competitive electoral conditions, the Party of the Institutional Revolution (PRI) was characterized by centralized legislative recruitment and candidate selection that delivered a large percentage of coveted senate candidacies to national-level party politicians and bureaucrats. This centralized and nationalized recruitment gave the leader of the PRI enormous control over his wide-flung political elite. Since elections have become competitive, the PRI has decentralized its recruitment of senate candidates, searching out those most popular with state voters. This work compares the PRI candidates’ backgrounds from the non-competitive and competitive periods, and runs a logistical regression to ascertain if there is a relation between competition and types of party politicians winning nominations. The article demonstrates, using first-of-its-kind data on professional backgrounds of candidates (rather than sitting legislators), that legislative recruitment in a federal context has been decentralized in Mexico.
Critical Endothelial Regulation by LRP5 during Retinal Vascular Development

Vascular abnormalities in the eye are the leading cause of many forms of inherited and acquired human blindness. Loss-of-function mutations in the Wnt-binding co-receptor LRP5 leads to aberrant ocular vascularization and loss of vision in genetic disorders such as osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome. The canonical Wnt-β-catenin pathway is known to regulate retinal vascular development. However, it is unclear what precise role LPR5 plays in this process. Here, we show that loss of LRP5 function in mice causes retinal hypovascularization during development as well as retinal neovascularization in adulthood with disorganized and leaky vessels. Using a highly specific Flk1-CreBreier line for vascular endothelial cells, together with several genetic models, we demonstrate that loss of endothelium-derived LRP5 recapitulates the retinal vascular defects in Lrp5-/- mice. In addition, restoring LRP5 function only in endothelial cells in Lrp5-/- mice rescues their retinal vascular abnormalities. Furthermore, we show that retinal vascularization is regulated by LRP5 in a dosage dependent manner and does not depend on LRP6. Our study provides the first direct evidence that endothelium-derived LRP5 is both necessary and sufficient to mediate its critical role in the development and maintenance of retinal vasculature.
Role of the ABC Transporter PRP1 (ABCC7) in Pentamidine Resistance in Leishmania Amastigotes

ABSTRACT Pentamidine is a second-line agent in the treatment of leishmaniasis whose mode of action and resistance mechanism are not well understood. In this work, we show that the intracellular ABC protein PRP1 (pentamidine resistance protein 1) (ABCC7) can confer resistance to pentamidine in Leishmania sp. parasites in the intracellular stage.
MATPOWER's extensible optimal power flow architecture

This paper describes the optimal power flow (OPF) architecture implemented in MATPOWER, an open-source Mat-lab power system simulation package. It utilizes an extensible architecture that allows the user to easily add new variables, constraints and costs to the standard OPF problem formulation while preserving the structure needed to use pre-compiled solvers. A software object is used to encapsulate the definition of the problem formulation, manage the corresponding named sets of variables, constraints and costs, and handle all of the tedious index maintenance tasks. The software design has the advantage of minimizing the coupling between variables, constraints and costs, making it possible, for example, to add variables to an existing model without having to explicitly modify existing constraints or costs to accommodate them. The example of adding joint co-optimization of reserves to the OPF, based on fixed zonal reserve requirements, is used to illustrate the capabilities of MATPOWER's extensible OPF architecture.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic and Epigenetic Links

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder predisposing to diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), which could lead to heart failure through a variety of mechanisms, including myocardial infarction and chronic pressure overload. Pathogenetic mechanisms, mainly linked to hyperglycemia and chronic sustained hyperinsulinemia, include changes in metabolic profiles, intracellular signaling pathways, energy production, redox status, increased susceptibility to ischemia, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The close relationship between type 2 DM and CVD has led to the common soil hypothesis, postulating that both conditions share common genetic and environmental factors influencing this association. However, although the common risk factors of both CVD and type 2 DM, such as obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and thrombophilia, can be identified in the majority of affected patients, less is known about how these factors influence both conditions, so that efforts are still needed for a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship. The genetic, epigenetic, and environmental backgrounds of both type 2 DM and CVD have been more recently studied and updated. However, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have seldom been investigated within the broader shared background, but rather studied in the specific context of type 2 DM or CVD, separately. As the precise pathophysiological links between type 2 DM and CVD are not entirely understood and many aspects still require elucidation, an integrated description of the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences involved in the concomitant development of both diseases is of paramount importance to shed new light on the interlinks between type 2 DM and CVD. This review addresses the current knowledge of overlapping genetic and epigenetic aspects in type 2 DM and CVD, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, whose abnormal regulation has been implicated in both disease conditions, either etiologically or as cause for their progression. Understanding the links between these disorders may help to drive future research toward an integrated pathophysiological approach and to provide future directions in the field.
Commercial Value and Challenges of Drop-Based Microfluidic Screening Platforms–An Opinion

Developments in High Throughput Screening aim at maximizing the number of samples per time and reducing the cost per sample, e.g., by applying very small sample volumes. The ultimate technological step in miniaturization is moving from microtiter plate wells to droplets, and from batch-wise characterization to the continuous preparation and analysis of samples. A range of drop-based microfluidic screening platforms has emerged that benefit from drop-formation rates of thousands per second, perfect drop size uniformity, plug-flow and compartmentalization, and the possibility of continuously analyzing a train of drops. However, after many years of intensive research, only few commercial applications have been developed and substantial development in the field is still required to make them reliable and broadly applicable. Can academic research achieve this, given that most of the fundamental concepts have been described already, making it hard to publish a big story? Can start-up companies raise enough money to overcome the technical issues of drop-based screening platforms? This contribution addresses the question, focusing on how the different stakeholders in the field should interact so that disillusionment will not put a premature end to the development of drop-based screening technologies.
WOMEN FACULTY: SATISFACTION WITH EMPLOYMENT IN THE COMMUNITY COLLEGE

To ascertain the satisfaction of women full‐time community college faculty with their employment in the community college, an open‐ended questionnaire was sent to over 100 women faculty in the Chicago City Colleges. Although the low response rate precludes much generalizability, the responses indicate that most women in the study found employment in the community college to be ideal for them. The employment enabled them to find professional fulfillment without the pressure to publish and with sufficient time for family responsibilities. Reservations about how “ideal” employment in the community college is for women stemmed from concerns about the institution's negative image. University researchers who decry teaching in the community college as marginalization of women as faculty are diminishing the achievements of the many women who find teaching in the community college to be ideal employment.
The Presbyopic Six: Exploring Marginalization of Protest and of Journalism in a Television-Online Advertising Campaign

This article is a textual analysis of a recent ad campaign for Varilux eyewear that features a fictional group of protesters known as "The Presbyopic Six. " Varilux is a brand of eyeglass lenses marketed by Essilor, a French corporation. Viewers "follow" the protesters from their arrest for defacing a large-print book sign at a bookstore through booking, and through interviews with fictional journalist Lauren Lewis while incarcerated in a minimum-security prison. The ads suggest that new, more aggressive methods of protest have clearly passed the Presbyopic Six by. The campaign announces and celebrates their marginalization. The campaign also suggests that contemporary journalism is driven by the same kind of homogeneity. It could also be argued that a degree of evolution in protest and journalism is seen in these ads. Thus, the campaign may also be a veiled criticism of today's anonymous, aggressive protestors.
Extending music-like algorithm for DOA estimation with more sources than sensors

Based on the MUSIC-like algorithm, a novel fourth-order (FO) cumulants algorithm to estimate the DOAs of source signals is presented in this paper. The basic idea of the proposed approach is to extend the array response vector and increase its rank to estimate more source signals. As the MUSIC-like algorithm, the algorithm can extend the real array to a virtual extensive array and increase the effective aperture of an antenna array. However, this new method can estimate more sources than the MUSIC-like algorithm under the assumption that we have a priori knowledge about source signals except the DOAs.
An approach for automatically measuring facial activity in depressed subjects

This paper is motivated by Ellgring's work in non-verbal communication in depression to measure and compare the levels of facial activity, before and after treatment, of endogenous and neurotic depressives. Similar to that work, we loosely associate the measurements with action units (AU) groups from the facial action coding system (FACS). However, we use the neologism region units (RU) to describe regions of the face that encapsulate AUs. In contrast to Ell-gring's approach, we automatically generate the measurements and provide both prototypical expression recognition and RU-specific activity measurements. Latency between expressions is also measured and the system is conducive to comparison across groups and individual subjects. By using active appearance models (AAM) to locate the fiduciary facial points, and multiboost to classify prototypical expressions and the RUs, we can provide a simple, objective, flexible and cost-effective means of automatically measuring facial activity.
Spanier's Dyadic Adjustment Scale: Some Confirmatory Analyses

Abstract One hundred and eight married couples and 68 cohabiting individuals completed the 32-item Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale as part of an omnibus survey concerning the interactions between couples in ongoing relationships. The items of the scale were factor-analysed separately for the three samples—married females, married males and cohabitors. Although in each case there emerged a strong single factor, four factors were rotated to assess the similarity to Spanier's solution. Generally his Dyadic Consensus, Dyadic Satisfaction and Dyadic Cohesion factors were identifiable but the items from the Affectional Expression scale were dispersed. COSAN analyses provided overall support for Spanier's four-factor solution. Further confirmatory data are reported in the form of high co-efficient alpha values for the overall scale and three of the four subscales (except Affectional Expression). High correlations between husbands' and wives' scores support the scales' validities. Use of the scales with Australia.
Environmental influences on risk for rheumatoid arthritis

Purpose of reviewTo examine new environmental factors and provide updates on known risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the past 2 years (2006–2008). This review is timely given the expanding information on treatment, pathogenesis and genetic risk factors for RA. Recent findingsHigh consumption of red meat does not increase risk of RA, whereas alcohol intake may be protective. The role of vitamin D and oral contraceptives as modifiers of disease risk remains equivocal. Other factors associated with increased risk of RA include higher birthweight, living in the northeastern United States compared with other regions of the country, and lower socioeconomic status. Duration of breastfeeding is inversely associated with RA risk. Several studies have now demonstrated that anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive RA has a specific association with environmental risk factors such as smoking. SummaryRecent studies have increased our understanding of environmental exposures that modify risk for RA such as smoking and alcohol intake. Other factors such as birthweight, breastfeeding, socioeconomic status and region of birth have also been demonstrated to contribute to risk. ACPA status is associated with specific environmental factors and is therefore important to incorporate into present and future studies.
Dynamical feedback between circadian clock and carbohydrate availability explains adaptive response of starch metabolism to longer night

We study the regulation of sucrose level by shifting the internal circadian related rates of sucrose export, and synthesis and degradation of starch in a leaf. We allow these shifts to change dynamically in order to reduce sucrose starvation in several light/dark cycle conditions. The model successfully reduces starvation in the leaf and show many features similar to observations. Finally we include the leaf model in a phloem network containing a root and a meristem, the three of them connected and exchanging sucrose by osmotic pressure driven flow. The global model allows sucrose sharing among organs and an overall lower starvation level.
On-line hand-eye calibration

We address the problem of hand-eye calibration of a robot mounted video camera. We derive a new linear formulation of the problem. This allows an algebraic analysis of the cases that usual approaches do not consider. We extend this new formulation into an on-line hand-eye calibration method. This method allows to get rid of the calibration object required by the standard approaches and uses unknown scenes instead. Finally, experimental results validate both methods.
Inducible (class 3) aldehyde dehydrogenase from rat hepatocellular carcinoma and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-treated liver: distant relationship to the class 1 and 2 enzymes from mammalian liver cytosol/mitochondria.

Peptides from rat liver aldehyde dehydrogenase (AIDH) induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) treatment match the AIDH structure from HTC rat hepatoma cells (HTC-AIDH) at all positions examined, indicating induction of the same gene product by two independent routes. This 452 amino acid residue, class 3 AIDH structure differs substantially from the 500-residue AIDH structures isolated from normal liver cytosol (class 1) and mitochondria (class 2). Despite a 29.8% identity in 429 overlapping amino acids vs the human class 1 enzyme (27.7% vs class 2), neither the N- nor C-termini coincide, and gaps are introduced to optimize the alignment. Two residues placed in the active site of human liver AIDH by chemical modification, Cys-302 and Glu-268, are conserved in class 3 AIDH as Cys-243 and Glu-209. Cys-243/302 is the only cysteine residue conserved in all known AIDH structures. Gly-245 and Gly-250 of class 1/2 AIDHs, fitting the patterns of glycine residues in coenzyme binding fold of other dehydrogenases, are also conserved. Otherwise, Cys-49, Cys-162, and Glu-487, to which functional importance has also been ascribed, are not retained in the class 3 structure. Overall, a high conservation of Gly, Pro, and Trp and similar patterns of predicted secondary structure indicate general conservation of tertiary structure, as noted with other distantly related proteins. Three exon boundaries from the human liver mitochondria AIDH gene directly correspond to the N-terminus of the rat class 3 protein and to two of the gaps in the alignment. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)