Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of methane conversion factor models for Zebu beef cattle fed low‐quality crop residues and by‐products in tropical regions

Abstract The enteric methane conversion factor (Y m) is an important country‐specific value for the provision of precise enteric methane emissions inventory reports. The objectives of this meta‐analysis were to develop and evaluate the empirical Y m models for the national level and the farm level for tropical developing countries according to the IPCC's categorization. We used datasets derived from 18 in vivo feeding experiments from 1999 to 2015 of Zebu beef cattle breeds fed low‐quality crop residues and by‐products. We found that the observed Y m value was 8.2% gross energy (GE) intake (~120 g methane emission head−1 day−1) and ranged from 4.8% to 13.7% GE intake. The IPCC default model (tier 2, Y m = 6.5% ± 1.0% GE intake) underestimated the Y m values by up to 26.1% compared with its refinement of 8.4% ± 0.4% GE intake for the national‐level estimate. Both the IPCC default model and the refined model performed worse in predicting Y m trends at the farm level (root mean square prediction error [MSPE] = 15.1%–23.1%, concordance correlation coefficient [CCC] = 0.16–0.18, R 2 = .32). Seven of the extant Y m models based on a linear regression approach also showed inaccurately estimated Y m values (root MSPE = 16.2%–36.0%, CCC = 0.02–0.27, R 2 < .37). However, one of the developed models, which related to the complexity of the energy use efficiencies of the diet consumed to Y m, showed adequate accuracy at the farm level (root MSPE = 9.1%, CCC = 0.75, R 2 = .67). Our results thus suggest a new Y m model and future challenges for estimating Zebu beef cattle production in tropical developing countries.
G, N, and P Gene-based Analysis of Chandipura Viruses, India

An encephalitis outbreak in 2003 in children from India was attributed to Chandipura virus. Sequence analyses of G, N, and P genes showed 95.6%–97.6% nucleotide identity with the 1965 isolate (G gene, 7–11 amino acid changes); N and P genes were highly conserved.
Efficient Algorithms for Large-Scale Temporal Aggregation

The ability to model time-varying natures is essential to many database applications such as data warehousing and mining. However, the temporal aspects provide many unique characteristics and challenges for query processing and optimization. Among the challenges is computing temporal aggregates, which is complicated by having to compute temporal grouping. We introduce a variety of temporal aggregation algorithms that overcome major drawbacks of previous work. First, for small-scale aggregations, both the worst-case and average-case processing time have been improved significantly. Second, for large-scale aggregations, the proposed algorithms can deal with a database that is substantially larger than the size of available memory. Third, the parallel algorithm designed on a shared-nothing architecture achieves scalable performance by delivering nearly linear scale-up and speed-up, even at the presence of data skew. The contributions made in this paper are particularly important because the rate of increase in database size and response time requirements has out-paced advancements in processor and mass storage technology.
Efficient Face Alignment via Locality-constrained Representation for Robust Recognition

Practical face recognition has been studied in the past decades, but still remains an open challenge. Current prevailing approaches have already achieved substantial breakthroughs in recognition accuracy. However, their performance usually drops dramatically if face samples are severely misaligned. To address this problem, we propose a highly efficient misalignment-robust locality-constrained representation (MRLR) algorithm for practical real-time face recognition. Specifically, the locality constraint that activates the most correlated atoms and suppresses the uncorrelated ones, is applied to construct the dictionary for face alignment. Then we simultaneously align the warped face and update the locality-constrained dictionary, eventually obtaining the final alignment. Moreover, we make use of the block structure to accelerate the derived analytical solution. Experimental results on public data sets show that MRLR significantly outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in terms of efficiency and scalability with even better performance.
High Embedding Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for JPEG

Both Data hiding and data compression are very important technologies in the field of image processing. It seems that there is no relationship between data hiding and data compression because most of the data hiding mechanisms focus on information security and the data compression mechanisms emphasize the compression ratio. In fact, they are closely related. Until now, there are many literatures to discuss the secret data how to be embedded into the media image. Unfortunately, the stego-image’s size will be increased when the media image is hidden a lot of secret data. In order to overcome this disadvantage, a reversible data hiding scheme based on EMD data hiding and JPEG compression technology will be proposed in this paper. According to the experimental results, we can prove that our proposed scheme still keeps high embedding capacity, security and good compression ratio.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Tap, a Putative Multidrug Efflux Pump Present in Mycobacterium fortuitum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

ABSTRACT A recombinant plasmid isolated from a Mycobacterium fortuitum genomic library by selection for gentamicin and 2-N′-ethylnetilmicin resistance conferred low-level aminoglycoside and tetracycline resistance when introduced intoM. smegmatis. Further characterization of this plasmid allowed the identification of the M. fortuitum tap gene. A homologous gene in the M. tuberculosis H37Rv genome has been identified. The M. tuberculosis tap gene (Rv1258 in the annotated sequence of the M. tuberculosis genome) was cloned and conferred low-level resistance to tetracycline when introduced into M. smegmatis. The sequences of the putative Tap proteins showed 20 to 30% amino acid identity to membrane efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), mainly tetracycline and macrolide efflux pumps, and to other proteins of unknown function but with similar antibiotic resistance patterns. Approximately 12 transmembrane regions and different sequence motifs characteristic of the MFS proteins also were detected. In the presence of the protonophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), the levels of resistance to antibiotics conferred by plasmids containing the tap genes were decreased. When tetracycline accumulation experiments were carried out with the M. fortuitum tap gene, the level of tetracycline accumulation was lower than that in control cells but was independent of the presence of CCCP. We conclude that the Tap proteins of the opportunistic organism M. fortuitum and the important pathogen M. tuberculosisare probably proton-dependent efflux pumps, although we cannot exclude the possibility that they act as regulatory proteins.
Using Decomposition Analysis to Identify Modifiable Racial Disparities in the Distribution of Blood Pressure in the United States

To lower the prevalence of hypertension and racial disparities in hypertension, public health agencies have attempted to reduce modifiable risk factors for high blood pressure, such as excess sodium intake or high body mass index. In the present study, we used decomposition methods to identify how population-level reductions in key risk factors for hypertension could reshape entire population distributions of blood pressure and associated disparities among racial/ethnic groups. We compared blood pressure distributions among non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Mexican-American persons using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2010). When using standard adjusted logistic regression analysis, we found that differences in body mass index were the only significant explanatory correlate to racial disparities in blood pressure. By contrast, our decomposition approach provided more nuanced revelations; we found that disparities in hypertension related to tobacco use might be masked by differences in body mass index that significantly increase the disparities between black and white participants. Analysis of disparities between white and Mexican-American participants also reveal hidden relationships between tobacco use, body mass index, and blood pressure. Decomposition offers an approach to understand how modifying risk factors might alter population-level health disparities in overall outcome distributions that can be obscured by standard regression analyses.
Adaptive Service Degradation and Compensation for Multiclass Traffic in CDMA Cellular Networks

The wireless networks need to support a wide range of applications with limited radio resources such as bandwidth. Some applications, such as multimedia applications, can be served with varied bandwidth. To increase the total carried traffic in an overloaded wireless system, some of the ongoing connections can operate under the degraded model with lower quality-of-service (QoS). To satisfy the user QoS, we should compensate the connections degraded. In this paper, we propose a novel call admission control (CAC) scheme and develop a Markov model for the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme has service degradation and service compensation in CDMA cellular networks. In CAC, the proposed scheme degrades low priority connections to accommodate new connections. To decrease the drop probabilities of handoff connections, the proposed scheme gives handoff connections higher priority. To minimize the bandwidth loss of the connections, we propose the compensation model in scheduling that operates when the system has residual bandwidth. Extensive simulation results show that our scheme can operate well in CDMA cellular networks
Guessing the Correct Inflectional Paradigm of Unknown Croatian Words

A real-life morphological analyzer must be able to handle properly the out-of-vocabulary words. We address the task of guessing the correct inflectional paradigm of unknown Croatian words. We frame this as a supervised machine learning problem: we train a model for deciding whether a candidate lemma-paradigm pair is correct based on a number of stringand corpus-based features. Our aim is to examine the machine learning aspect of the problem: we analyze the features and evaluate the classification accuracy using different feature subsets. We show that satisfactory level of accuracy (92%) can be achieved with SVM using a combination of stringand corpus-based features. We discuss a number of possible directions for future research. Ugibanje pravilne pregibne paradigme za neznane hrvaške besede Uporaben morfološki analizator mora znati pravilno obravnavati tudi besede, ki jih nima v leksikonu. Prispevek je posvečen ugibanju pravilne pregibne paradigme za neznane hrvaške besede z uporabo nadzorovanega strojnega učenja. Model se odloči, ali je kandidat oz. par lema-paradigma, pravilen glede na večje število lastnosti, ki temeljijo na nizih in korpusu. Namen prispevka je, da preuči razne vidike strojnega učenja tega problema: analiziramo uporabljene lastnosti in ovrednotimo natančnost klasifikacije glede na različne podmnožice lastnosti. Pokažemo, da lahko zadovoljivo raven natančnosti (92%) dosežemo s SVM in z uporabo kombinacije lastnosti nizov in korpusa. Obravnavamo tudi več smernic za nadaljnje delo.
DYNAMIC FIELD PROCESS SIMULATION WITHIN GIS : THE VORONOI APPROCHE

Simulation of a dynamic and continuous phenomenon (field) is a difficult task for GISs as their data structures are 2D and static and are not well-adapted to manage neither the dynamic behavior of the phenomenon nor its geometrical and topological information. In this paper we present the Voronoi diagram as an alternative data structure that, through its useful geometrical and topological properties, provides an adequate discretization of a field and can represent its temporal changes by providing numerical integration methods on either dynamic or kinetic mesh.
Smartphone Irrigation Sensor

An automated irrigation sensor was designed and implemented to use in agricultural crops. The sensor uses a smartphone to capture and process digital images of the soil nearby the root zone of the crop, and estimates optically the water contents. The sensor is confined in a chamber under controlled illumination and buried at the root level of the plants. An Android App was developed in the smartphone to operate directly the computing and connectivity components, such as the digital camera and the Wi-Fi network. The mobile App wakes up the smartphone, activating the device with user-defined parameters. Then, the built-in camera takes a picture of the soil through an antireflective glass window and an RGB to gray process is achieved to estimate the ratio between wet and dry area of the image. After the Wi-Fi connection is enabled, the ratio is transmitted via a router node to a gateway for control an irrigation water pump. Finally, the App sets the smartphone into the sleep mode to preserve its energy. The sensor is powered by rechargeable batteries, charged by a photovoltaic panel. The smartphone irrigation sensor was evaluated in a pumpkin crop field along 45 days. The experimental results show that the use of smartphones as an irrigation sensor could become a practical tool for agriculture.
Efficient web browsing on handheld devices using page and form summarization

We present a design and implementation for displaying and manipulating HTML pages on small handheld devices such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), or cellular phones. We introduce methods for summarizing parts of Web pages and HTML forms. Each Web page is broken into text units that can each be hidden, partially displayed, made fully visible, or summarized. A variety of methods are introduced that summarize the text units. In addition, HTML forms are also summarized by displaying just the text labels that prompt the use for input. We tested the relative performance of the summarization methods by asking human subjects to accomplish single-page information search tasks. We found that the combination of keywords and single-sentence summaries provides significant improvements in access times and number of required pen actions, as compared to other schemes. Our experiments also show that our algorithms can identify the appropriate labels for forms in 95% of the cases, allowing effective form support for small screens.
De-noising of SPECT images via optimal thresholding by wavelets

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging provides functional information and precise physiological uptake of radioactivity in a patient's body. Although SPECT imaging is considered to be highly useful in oncology, but the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) caused by photon noise, introduces considerable compromise in image quality and reduction of diagnostic accuracy. It is necessary to apply appropriate noise reduction algorithm to improve the quality of acquired images. In this paper we have used wavelet based denoising in which PSNAR criteria were utilized to arrive at an optimum thresholding of the coefficient at wavelet domain. We have used SIMIND software for simulation of SPECT images and generation of images using cylindrical jaszak phantom. The images were acquired using one million counts of 64×64 matrix size. In this research, simulated images were utilized to construct data dependent optimum threshold level of wavelet coefficients We have compared the results of our thresholding scheme with those obtained by some of commonly used standard denoising schemes in which we show the use of commonly used wavelet-based denoising leads to an inferior noise reduction results as compared with our optimally searched and derived thresholding.
Effects of directional expectations on motion perception and pursuit eye movements

Expectations about future motions can influence both perceptual judgements and pursuit eye movements. However, it is not known whether these two effects are due to shared processing, or to separate mechanisms with similar properties. We have addressed this question by providing subjects with prior information about the likely direction of motion in an upcoming random-dot motion display and measuring both the perceptual judgements and pursuit eye movements elicited by the stimulus. We quantified the subjects' responses by computing oculometric curves from their pursuit eye movements and psychometric curves from their perceptual decisions. Our results show that directional cues caused similar shifts in both the oculometric and psychometric curves toward the expected motion direction, with little change in the shapes of the curves. Prior information therefore biased the outcome of both eye movement and perceptual decisions without systematically changing their thresholds. We also found that eye movement and perceptual decisions tended to be the same on a trial-by-trial basis, at a higher frequency than would be expected by chance. Furthermore, the effects of prior information were evident during pursuit initiation, as well as during pursuit maintenance, indicating that prior information likely influenced the early processing of visual motion. We conclude that, in our experiments, expectations caused similar effects on both pursuit and perception by altering the activity of visual motion detectors that are read out by both the oculomotor and perceptual systems. Applying cognitive factors such as expectations at relatively early stages of visual processing could act to coordinate the metrics of eye movements with perceptual judgements.
Analysis of lesion development during acute inflammation and remission in a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by visualization of macrophage infiltration, demyelination and blood‐brain barrier damage

In vivo tracking of macrophage migration is feasible by labeling cells with ultra‐small particles of iron oxide (USPIO). It is demonstrated that it is possible to monitor distinct patterns of macrophage migration during the early states of inflammation in a rodent model of chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). As previous MRI studies showed that EAE inflammation processes are clearly linked to macrophage infiltration in the brain, a longitudinal protocol for macrophage visualization was designed, where USPIOs were injected repeatedly during the acute phase of the disease, the remitting phase and the first relapse. In addition to USPIO‐enhanced MRI, blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage, magnetization transfer ratios (MTRs) and neurological impairment were assessed as classical markers for central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and tissue damage. During the acute phase, animals showed severe paralysis of the hind paws, intense accumulation of macrophages in brain tissue and some diffuse patterns of BBB disruption. While USPIO‐accumulation completely disappeared after the acute phase, residual damage of the BBB remained detectable in some lesions during the remitting phase. During the first relapse, the accumulation of USPIO‐loaded cells was less pronounced but still detectable. The time course of MTR, which is used as a marker for myelin loss, was linked to the infiltration of macrophages during the acute phase. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transmissivity Resolution Obtained from the Inversion of Transient and Pseudo-Steady Drawdown Measurements

A key aspect of estimating transmissivity distributions from pumping tests is the spatial resolution of the estimation. Some assumption of spatial structure is needed to make an inversion possible. Both the nature of groundwater o w and assumed structure cause a smeared estimate. This research is focused on the how information content of the data smears the estimate. The inversion procedure near the solution is approximated as iterative linear updates. Linear resolution analysis of the distributed sensitivity to transmissivity indicates the limit of detail possible from the inversion. To enable this research, adjoint-sensitivity calculations were added to MODFLOW-2000. The adjoint-sensitivity calculations signicantly speed the calculation of the sensitivity matrix. To highlight the concepts, we use a homogeneous aquifer with known storativity. The analysis indicates resolution of transmissivity is ner near the pumping and monitoring wells than in the regions between wells. Transient data are highly redundant with respect to transmissivity information. Very early time data do provide different spatial information than later time data do.
A Computational Analysis of Differences in Therapy between Benchmark and Non-benchmark Hospitals for Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarctions

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of mortality in most industrialized nations. Mortality rates for AMI patients are often used as a measure of the overall effectiveness of care provided by hospitals. Age, gender, and severity adjusted, the mortality rates within Canada have been shown to vary significantly from province to province. Some studies, for example, have shown significant variations between counties, even when adjacent to each other. In this paper, we present an approach aimed at understanding the causes of this variability by investigating the extent to which evidence-based therapies and processes within hospitals might be affecting mortality rates. We use cluster analysis to identify beneficial therapies and processes responsible for the improvement in treatment outcomes (as measured in terms of standardized mortality ratio) in benchmark compared to non-benchmark hospitals.
Towards Large-scale Schema And Ontology Matching

11:20 – 11:45: User Involvement for Large-Scale Ontology Alignment (full paper), 14:25 – 14:45: Towards a Visual Annotation Tool for End-User Semantic. ontology matching workshop: papers, matching systems, evaluation. of industrial and final user needs, and therefore direct research towards those needs. differences from database schema matching, which has received decades of attention matching, data interlinking and relations between them, Large-scale. and Correcting Conservativity Principle Violations in Ontology-to-Ontology PDF, SYRql: A Dataflow Language for Large Scale Processing of RDF Data, Fadi Analyzing Schema.org, Peter F. Patel-Schneider, PDF, Col-Graph: Towards of SPARQL Queries with Optional Matching under Entailment Regimes, Egor V.
Collembola of the Grave: A Cold Case History Involving Arthropods 28 Years After Death

Abstract: This report describes a cold case in which a cadaver of a 28‐year‐old female was exhumed in February 2005 from a cemetery in Battle Creek, Michigan. She had sustained a gunshot wound to the head and was found dead in her home on November 15, 1977. The body of the victim was subsequently embalmed and then buried at a depth of 1.8 m in an unsealed casket that was placed inside an unsealed cement vault. The exhumation yielded thousands of live specimens of a single species of the order Collembola or spring tails, Sinella (Coecobrya) tenebricosa (Entomobryidae). This species is considered to be a “tramp” species, cosmopolitan in the United States and Canada. Due to the ideal environmental conditions at the site, the population of this species underwent growth and development inside the casket for a number of years. Collected with the Collembola were large numbers of Acarina (mites) of the Family Glycyphagidae, and fly puparia, Conicera tibialis Schmitz (Order: Diptera, Family: Phoridae), also known as coffin flies. These invertebrates are sometimes mentioned by forensic investigators as occurring on corpses in graves, but aspects of their life history are rarely described. The species of Collembola that was found surviving and reproducing on this corpse in a casket exhumed after 28 years was the oldest reported grave site occurrence for any collembolan species based on a survey of the literature back to 1898.