Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An approach to mining association rules in horizontally distributed databases with anonymous ID assignment

Data Mining is the technique of automated extraction of interesting data patterns used to represent knowledge, from the large data sets but sometimes these datasets are divided among various parties. Association rule mining is a popular mining technique that identifies interesting correlations between database attributes. In this paper, proposed a protocol Privacy Preserving Fast Distributed Mining (PPFDM) for association rules mining in horizontally distributed databases which is based on the Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) algorithm. FDM is an unsecured distributed version of the Apriori algorithm devoted to generate a small number of candidate sets and considerably cut down the number of messages to be passed at mining association rules. PPFDM adopts two major ideas: one that computes the union of private subsets that each of the interacting player holds and another that evaluate the inclusion of an element held by one player in a subset held by another. An implementation of a PPDM algorithm is developed in Java framework and performance results are presented for synthetic data generation and association rules as well as indexing is provided to the user. It is simpler and significantly more efficient in the matter of communication rounds, communication cost and computational cost.
Strain Analysis From 4-D Cardiac CT Image Data

Strain is a discriminative parameter of regional myocardial dysfunction. Despite the large body of research on myocardial strain analysis in echocardiography and MR images, such techniques have not often been applied to cardiac CT data. Reasons for this include the challenges of sparse image deformation clues and the low temporal resolution. In the current study, we propose an algorithm that uses cardiac CT data to evaluate the mechanical function of the left ventricle. The algorithm is based on a deformable LV model that contains both the myocardium and the blood pool regions and that accounts for the elasticity and incompressibility of the myocardium with the rapid contraction of the blood pool. Our algorithm uses the image intensities of the trabeculle and papillary muscles as well as the border edges in an optical flow manner to extract the 3-D velocities. The resulting strains and rotational values derived from a set of normal patients correlate highly with values from the research literature. We validated our algorithm against 2-D speckle tracking analysis and against visual scores obtained by an expert. Our study shows that strain analysis using CT data can be used in clinical practice.
Feature detection with an image based compliant tactile sensor

Presents feature detection of a contacting object with two types of image based compliant tactile sensor. The first version of the image based compliant tactile sensor consists of rubber skin, two small CCD cameras and a light source. A lattice pattern is drawn on the inner side of the rubber skin to calculate its deformation with a stereo vision technique. A second version of the image based compliant tactile sensor was developed based on the experimental results of feature detection with the first version. The second version consists of a rubber skin which has a pin array on its inner side, one small CCD camera and light source. If an object contacts with the rubber skin, the skin will be deformed according to the object shape and contact localization. The interval between the pins on the skin widens at an area which has a large curvature, causing the base of the skin to appear and brightness patterns to change. This sensor extracts features of the object in contact by using this brightness pattern.
Morfología del otolito sagitta y determinación del crecimiento en especies del género Serranus (Osteichthyes, Serranidae)

Se ha realizado un estudio morfologico de los otolitos sagitta de especies del genero Serranus (S. Atricauda, S. Cabrilla y S. Scriba) presentes en las Islas Canarias y Mediterraneo. Se describe la ultraestructura de la sagitta en cada una de las especies y se introducen nuevas variables de interes biologico para este tipo de estudios. Se llevo a cabo un estudio del crecimiento de las poblaciones de las especies citadas y se han podido diferenciar las poblaciones regionales del Atlantico y Mediterraneo de las especies S. Cabrilla y S. Scriba. Se estudia la relacion entre el peso del otolito y la edad del pez y se evalua la posibilidad de asignar edades en relacion con el peso del otolito.
Sorption kinetics of selected volatile organic compounds in humin

Each component of the chemically heterogeneous soil exhibits a unique sorption behavior toward organic sorbates. The sorption kinetics of some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in pressed humin disks was investigated by tracking the weight change of the disks with a microbalance. Higher sorbing capacity for more polar VOCs as well as C13 nuclear magnetic resonance data indicates that humin was more hydrophilic than Aldrich humic acid (Milwaukee, WI, USA). The apparent diffusivity of acetone, toluene, and hexane in the disks ranged from 10−8 to 10−10 cm2/s. The sorbed toluene in humin does not seem persistent to desorption; however, acetone and hexane, either as polar or linear compounds in humin, show persistence against desorption. On completion of the desorption experiments, there were approximately 35 and 20% sorbate residue for acetone and hexane, respectively.
Genes expression profiling of peripheral blood cells of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Peripheral blood may be useful in cancer classification, and therefore we investigated the gene expression found by Affymetrix HG‐U133 Plus2.0 microarray, with samples from nine HCC patients and five healthy NC (normal controls). A total of 726 probe sets showed significant differences based on the criteria of P<0.05 and absolute fold change >2. The genes were related to many biological functions, including immune response, transcription regulation and metabolism processes. Ten genes [IL‐8 (interleukin 8), GOS2 (G0/G1 switch gene 2), CXCR4 (CXC chemokine receptor 4), FOS, RPS24 (40S ribosomal protein S24), HAP90AA1, PFDN5, RPL27, GZMA and PFN1] showing significant differences were confirmed by real‐time PCR in 54 HCC patients and 56 healthy NC. Seven genes [IL‐8, GOS2, CXCR4, FOS, RPS24, HSP90AA1 (heat shock protein 90AA1) and PFN1] showed significant difference both in RT—PCR (reverse transcription—PCR) and microarray. Expression of IL‐8 and FOS proteins was up‐regulated in HCC compared with healthy controls. A gene signature in peripheral blood which can distinguish HCC patients and healthy controls may have been identified.
A Unified Approach for Developing Software Reliability Growth Models in the Presence of Imperfect Debugging and Error Generation

In this paper, we propose two general frameworks for deriving several software reliability growth models based on a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) in the presence of imperfect debugging and error generation. The proposed models are initially formulated for the case when there is no differentiation between failure observation and fault removal testing processes, and then extended for the case when there is a clear differentiation between failure observation and fault removal testing processes. During the last three decades, many software reliability growth models (SRGM) have been developed to describe software failures as a random process, and can be used to evaluate development status during testing. With SRGM, software engineers can easily measure (or forecast) the software reliability (or quality), and plot software reliability growth charts. It is not easy to select the best model from a plethora of models available. There are few SRGM in the literature of software engineering that differentiates between failure observation and fault removal processes. In real software development environments, the number of failures observed need not be the same as the number of faults removed. Due to the complexity of software systems, and an incomplete understanding of software, the testing team may not be able to remove the fault perfectly on observation of a failure, and the original fault may remain, resulting in a phenomenon known as imperfect debugging, or get replaced by another fault causing error generation. In the case of imperfect debugging, the fault content of the software remains the same; while in the case of error generation, the fault content increases as the testing progresses. Removal of observed faults may result in the introduction of new faults.
Illegal packet tracing and track hackers using IP traceback scheme

In this paper we are tracing the origin of the fake packet. For this we are using the extended RIHT and MABS technology using. [1]Conventional block-based multicast authentication schemes overlook the heterogeneity of receivers by letting the sender choose the block size, divide a multicast stream in blocks, associate each block with a signature, and spread the effect of the signature across all the packets in the block through hash graphs or coding algorithms. The correlation among packets makes them vulnerable to packet loss, which is inherent in the Internet and wireless networks. Moreover, the lack of Denial of Service resilience renders most of them vulnerable to packet injection in hostile environments. In this paper, we propose a novel multicast authentication protocol, namely including two schemes. The basic scheme eliminates the correlation among packets and thus provides the perfect resilience to packet loss, and it is also efficient in terms of latency, computation, and communication overhead due to an efficient cryptographic primitive called batch signature, which supports the authentication of any number of packets simultaneously. We also present an [2]DSA algorithm which ensure that data is coming from admin or not.
Chaos-based video encryption for network coded wireless systems

The ease of sharing information happening today increases the number of data transmissions over the Internet, which started by a simple text transmission, and evolved to more complex formats, such as image, audio and video. This data can then be easily accessed by attackers, hence the need for security. In this paper, we propose a modification to the Enhanced 1D Chaotic Key Based Encryption (ECKBA) with cat map that will be applied on video transmission (sequence of images), by changing the confusion and diffusion blocks, in order to ensure a higher level of security. Moreover, to guarantee the security for real-time applications transmitted over an unreliable network, we include a method that combines the new scheme with the Network Coding principle.
Evidence that BCL-2 represses apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum-associated Ca2+ fluxes.

BCL-2 is a 26-kDa integral membrane protein that represses apoptosis by an unknown mechanism. Recent findings indicate that Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) mediates apoptosis in mouse lymphoma cells. In view of growing evidence that BCL-2 localizes to the ER, as well as mitochondria and the perinuclear membrane, we investigated the possibility that BCL-2 represses apoptosis by regulating Ca2+ fluxes through the ER membrane. A cDNA encoding BCL-2 was introduced into WEHI7.2 cells and two subclones, W.Hb12 and W.Hb13, which express high and low levels of BCL-2 mRNA and protein, respectively, were isolated. WEHI7.2 cells underwent apoptosis in response to treatment with the glucocorticoid hormone dexamethasone, whereas W.Hb12 and W.Hb13 cells were protected from apoptosis, revealing a direct relationship between the level of BCL-2 expression and the degree of protection. Significantly, BCL-2 also blocked induction of apoptosis by thapsigargin (TG), a highly specific inhibitor of the ER-associated Ca2+ pump. TG completely inhibited ER Ca2+ pumping in both WEHI7.2 and W.Hb12 cells, but the release of Ca2+ into the cytosol after inhibition of ER Ca2+ pumping was significantly less in W.Hb12 cells than in WEHI7.2 cells, indicating that BCL-2 reduces Ca2+ efflux through the ER membrane. By reducing ER Ca2+ efflux, BCL-2 interfered with a signal for "capacitative" entry of extracellular Ca2+, preventing a sustained increase of cytosolic Ca2+ in TG-treated cells. These findings suggest that BCL-2 either directly or indirectly regulates the flux of Ca2+ across the ER membrane, thereby abrogating Ca2+ signaling of apoptosis.
Cutting Edge: CpG Oligonucleotides Induce Splenic CD19+ Dendritic Cells to Acquire Potent Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-Dependent T Cell Regulatory Functions via IFN Type 1 Signaling1

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) stimulate innate and adaptive immunity by binding to TLR9 molecules. Paradoxically, expression of the immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is induced following i.v. CpG-ODN administration to mice. CpG-ODNs induced selective IDO expression by a minor population of splenic CD19+ dendritic cells (DCs) that did not express the plasmacytoid DC marker 120G8. Following CpG-ODN treatment, CD19+ DCs acquired potent IDO-dependent T cell suppressive functions. Signaling through IFN type I receptors was essential for IDO up-regulation, and CpG-ODNs induced selective activation of STAT-1 in CD19+ DCs. Thus, CpG-ODNs delivered systemically at relatively high doses elicited potent T cell regulatory responses by acting on a discrete, minor population of splenic DCs. The ability of CpG-ODNs to induce both stimulatory and regulatory responses offers novel opportunities for using them as immunomodulatory reagents but may complicate therapeutic use of CpG-ODNs to stimulate antitumor immunity in cancer patients.
Energy Efficient Scheduling of Real Time Tasks on Large Systems

High processing capabilities of today's large systems are also used for real time applications, where executing tasks before their deadline is essential. On the other hand, with increase in the processing capability, energy consumption also increases for such systems. Thus energy efficient execution of real time tasks in such large systems has found to be promising research area in recent time. Scheduling tasks in such large systems using only low level power construct like DVFS is not efficient. In this paper, we have exploited the power consumption pattern of the recent commercial processors and derived a simple power model with a higher granularity for systems have large number of processor with each processor having multi-threading feature. We have then proposed an energy efficient scheduling technique namely, smart allocation policy for executing a set of aperiodic independent real time tasks on large system such that no task misses it deadline. We have analyzed the instantaneous power consumption and the overall energy consumption of the proposed policy along with other five baseline policies for a wide variety of synthetic data sets and real trace data. As execution time of tasks has a significant impact on scheduling and on the overall performance of the system, we have considered six different execution time models of task for our experiment. Experimental evaluation reveals that our proposed policy performs significantly better than baseline policies for all the variations of synthetic data and for real trace data.
Computer-assisted dosing of heparin. Management with a pharmacy-based anticoagulation service.

BACKGROUND Expert consultation by means of established practice guidelines has been shown to lead to improved accuracy of inpatient anticoagulation therapy, with a reduction in the frequency of hemorrhagic complications. We evaluated a different strategy to improve the accuracy of in-hospital anticoagulation: pharmacy-based, computer-assisted dosing of intravenous heparin therapy. METHODS Patients treated with computer-assisted dosing of heparin (N = 131) were compared with a randomly selected historical cohort (N = 57) in whom heparin therapy was managed by the primary physician. All patients treated by the pharmacy team received a bolus of heparin, 70 U/kg of ideal body weight, except for patients with pulmonary embolism, who received 100 U/kg of ideal body weight. A computer-generated infusion dose was selected (generally 13 to 16 U/kg per hour). The target was an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ratio of 1.8 times the patient's baseline APTT, with a therapeutic range of 1.5 to 2.5 times baseline. Computer-assisted dosage recommendations were generated after each APTT measurement. RESULTS In the historical control group, 62% of the patients achieved a therapeutic APTT during the first 24 hours; 17% failed to reach a therapeutic level by 48 hours. The median time to reach a therapeutic APTT was 15 hours. Of all 696 APTTs in this group, 42% were below, 43% in, and 15% above the therapeutic range. In the computer-assisted group, 90% achieved a therapeutic APTT within 24 hours (P < .001); 97% had a therapeutic APTT by 48 hours (P < .01). The median time to achieve a therapeutic APTT was 7 hours (P < .001). Of all 880 APTTs in this group, 17% were below, 75% in, and 8% above the therapeutic range (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Pharmacy-based, computer-assisted dosing of heparin is feasible and results in faster and more accurate anticoagulant dosing.
Neuromorphic Functions in PEDOT:PSS Organic Electrochemical Transistors

UNLABELLED Depressive short-term synaptic plasticity functions are implemented with a simple polymer poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) ( PEDOT PSS) organic electrochemical transistor device. These functions are a first step toward the realization of organic-based neuroinspired platforms with spatiotemporal information processing capabilities.
Oxitropium bromide, a new anticholinergic bronchodilator.

Oxitropium bromide (OB) is a quaternary ammonium congener of hyoscine with anticholinergic properties. We studied its bronchodilating properties in 14 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease without features of asthma in whom theophylline and other bronchodilators were withheld. Five doses of OB(20, 40, 100, 200, and 400 micrograms) as well as 150 micrograms of isoproterenol (ISO) and placebo were administered by metered-dose inhaler on separate occasions in a double-blind fashion. Pulmonary function (flow volume loops and airways resistance), blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured at baseline and periodically for eight hours after drug administration. Onset of bronchodilator effect was within five minutes for OB (P less than .025). Duration of action of OB was at least eight hours (P less than .025). The dose response characteristics of OB were examined by correlating the log dose with the areas under the time-FEV1 curve (r = .97, P less than .01), the time-forced vital capacity curve (r = .98, P less than .01), and the time-SGAW curve (r = .83, P less than 0.1). For FEV1, doses of 40 to 400 micrograms were significantly better than placebo and 100 to 400 micrograms were better than ISO (P less than .01). For forced vital capacity, all doses of OB were better than placebo (P less than .05). For SGAW, the response to the 100- and 400-micrograms doses were significantly better than placebo and isoproterenol (P less than .05). There were no significant effects of OB on pulse, blood pressure, or electrocardiogram. No side effects were noted from the use of OB. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
3D Segmentation of Residual Thyroid Tissue Using Constrained Region Growing and Voting Strategies

The measurement of residual thyroid tissue after thyroidectomy is crucial for the precise quantification of thyroid cancer treatment. Accurate residual thyroid tissue segmentation from CT images is challenging due to the indistinct tissue boundary. We propose a vote-in & vote-out region propagation model for residual thyroid tissue segmentation which incorporates global and local constraints and two voting strategies. The constraints were initially estimated from the given seeds and adaptively adjusted during the propagation process. The voting strategies were developed to decrease the opportunities of merging unexpected voxels around the uncertain boundaries. The experiment results over clinical patient studies demonstrated that the proposed method significantly improved the segmentation accuracy in terms of spatial overlap and shape similarity. Our method achieved an average Volume Overlap Error of 14.44±7.55 %, Relative Volume Difference of 9.42±20.31 %, Average Surface Distance of 0.12±0.05 mm and Maximum Surface Distance of 1.34±0.62 mm, with an average computation time of 2.68 seconds.
Tracing Odor-Induced Activation in the Olfactory Bulbs of Mice Using Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ithas previously been demonstrated that it is possible to map active regions of the brain using MRI relying on the fact that Mn(2+) ion enters excitable cells through voltage-gated calcium channels and is an excellent relaxation agent. In addition, Mn(2+) has been shown to trace neuronal connections in the mouse olfactory and visual systems, enabling MRI neuronal tract tracing. The purpose of the present studies was to determine if these two properties could be combined to trace Mn(2+) from sites of activation in the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb thereby localizing regions within the olfactory bulb that respond to a particular odor. Mice were exposed to an aerosolized solution containing either a high pheromone content odor (male mouse urine) or amyl acetate plus MnCl(2). In both cases the odors caused a localized T(1) MRI enhancement in the olfactory epithelium and bulb that was dependent upon the presence of Mn(2+). The high pheromone containing solution caused enhancement in the anatomically correct location of the accessory olfactory bulb. Amyl acetate also caused T(1)-weighted MRI enhancement in specific regions of the olfactory bulb. These areas showing activation agree well with previous 2-deoxyglucose and BOLD fMRI results in the rat. Using manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) it should be possible to rapidly map a variety of odors. Furthermore, since the effects of activation are imaged after the activation protocol it should be possible to take the time to obtain very high resolution images and make MEMRI maps from awake behaving animals.
Engineering of Selective TIMPs

ABSTRACT: Differences in proteinase susceptibility between free TIMP‐1 and the TIMP‐1‐MMP‐3 complex and mutagenesis studies suggested that the residues around the disulfide bond between Cys1 and Cys70 in TIMP‐1 may interact with MMPs. The crystal structure of the complex between TIMP‐1 and the catalytic domain of MMP‐3 has revealed that the α‐amino group of Cys1 bidentately chelates the catalytic zinc of MMP‐3 and the Thr2 side chain occupies the S1′ pocket. Generation of the N‐terminal domain of TIMP‐1 (N‐TIMP‐1) variants with 15 different amino acid substitutions for Thr2 has indicated that the nature of the side chain of residue 2 has a major effect on the affinity of N‐TIMP‐1 for three different MMPs (MMPs‐1, ‐2 and ‐3). The results also demonstrate that the mode of binding of N‐TIMP‐1 residue 2 differs from the binding of the P1′ residue of a peptide substrate.