Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese sentiment classification based on semantic structure of sentences

Chinese unique expression has a significant impact on sentiment classification. According to the different semantic structures, we adopt two views, direct and indirect views. Here, direct views consist of those sentences which directly express speaker's feeling and preference towards a target object while indirect views focus on statements towards a target object for evaluation and then indirectly express speaker's Orientation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Universal Strongly Secure Network Coding with Dependent and Non-Uniform Messages

We consider the random linear precoder at the source node as a secure network coding. We prove that it is strongly secure in the sense of Harada and Yamamoto and universal secure in the sense of Silva and Kschischang, while allowing arbitrary small but nonzero mutual information to the eavesdropper. Our security proof allows statistically dependent and non-uniform multiple secret messages, while all previous constructions of weakly or strongly secure network coding assumed independent and uniform messages, which are difficult to be ensured in practice.
Can Ictal F18-FDG PET/CT Drawing Epileptogenic Zone in Refractory Focal Epilepsy? Histopathological and Outcome Correlation

Unlike interictal Positron Emission Tomography (PET), ictal PET is not regularly used in the study of refractory focal epilepsy, and its usefulness in presurgical evaluations, and prognosis value have not been established. The aim is to present six patients with epilepsy whose PET/CT brain scans showed focal hypermetabolism, and analyze their correlation with the histopathological findings and clinical results. We reviewed 146 18F-FDG PET/CT scans performed on patients with refractory focal epilepsy. Only those cases with hypermetabolic foci which were subsequently surgically resected were selected. The epidemiological and clinical data were reviewed in addition to the brain MRI, Electroencephalography (EEG), video-EEG monitoring, intraoperative Electrocorticography (ECoG), histopathology, and postsurgical outcome. The PET findings were correlated with the clinical characteristics of the seizures, the EEG, brain MRI, ECoG, and histopathology. Seven PET/CT scans carried out on six patients showed well-defined hypermetabolic foci (three temporal, four extratemporal). There was a high correlation between the clinical lateralization, EEG/ECoG findings, and hypermetabolic foci located by PET. An MRI correctly identified the resected histopathological lesion in five cases and it was negative in two. Three patients had Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD), one had FCD with areas of polymicrogyria, one had temporal lobe cavernoma associated with hippocampal sclerosis, and one had a focal subcortical heterotopia. Mean postsurgical follow-up was 29.1 months (range: 16-24 months) and all patients were seizure free during this period. This small series of patients who underwent surgery for intractable focal epilepsy have shown good correlation between the ictal F18-FDG PET/CT scan and the electroclinical and pathological findings. These results suggest that hypermetabolic foci showed in PET/CT provides a reliable estimation of epileptogenic zone. Focus size underestimation in one case suggest the need of doing an interictal PET before surgery.
Optimizing Motion Primitives to Integrate Symbolic and Motion Planning

To advance current robot technology, we think it essential for a robot to autonomously execute a high-level task like “clean up the room”. One fundamental problem of this execution is how we can translate the high-level task into a motion trajectory of the robot. Usually, this is approached by using two separated planners: A symbolic planner and a motion planner. But this separation often fails to find a successful plan, due to the abstractness of the symbolic planner or uncertainty in the environment. We therefore describe an approach to increase the probability to find a successful motion trajectory, by using a closer integration of symbolic planning and motion planning. This integration is accomplished by defining a motion primitive for each symbolic action, which describes the constraints of the underlying motion planner. Each motion primitive is then optimized with respect to the success of a symbolic action, by using covariance matrix adaptation (CMA). Eventually, we conducted a series of simulated experiments, to show that this approach is able to increase the probability of a successful motion trajectory, and that we can use the optimized motion primitives to generalize to unseen scenarios.
Friction compensation and virtual force sensing for robotic hands

This paper presents the latest results in the development of the low-level controller of the robotic hand UBH-IV (University of Bologna Hand, version IV). In particular, the friction effects acting at joint level have been rendered by means of a LuGre-like model and a procedure for the identification of the friction model parameters is described. With the aim of providing an online estimation of the effects due to the interaction of the robotic hand with the environment, a controller able to evaluate the overall external torque acting on the finger joints and to discern between friction and torques generated by the external interaction force without using direct measures of the contact forces is proposed. The identification and control tests are carried over on an experimental setup composed by a single finger phalanx, manufactured with the same material and techniques of the hand itself.
Computer Assisted Assembly of Connectomes from Electron Micrographs: Application to Caenorhabditis elegans

A rate-limiting step in determining a connectome, the set of all synaptic connections in a nervous system, is extraction of the relevant information from serial electron micrographs. Here we introduce a software application, Elegance, that speeds acquisition of the minimal dataset necessary, allowing the discovery of new connectomes. We have used Elegance to obtain new connectivity data in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. We analyze the accuracy that can be obtained, which is limited by unresolvable ambiguities at some locations in electron microscopic images. Elegance is useful for reconstructing connectivity in any region of neuropil of sufficiently small size.
Challenges and opportunities on network resource management in DCN with SDN

With the explosive growth of applications and application traffic, data centers networks are challenged in network utilization and network performance, which is crucial to guarantee the efficiency of computing and storage resources of data center servers. Recently, software defined network has been exploited to manage the network resource in a center controller, which provides opportunities to optimize the network resource utilization. In this paper, we analyze the challenges of the network resource management in data center with software defined network, and point out the opportunities.
Edge-contrast-guided image interpolation using directional variation field diffusion

In this paper, a novel interpolation method is proposed, called the edge-contrast-guided interpolation (ECGI), which takes the edge contrast into consideration. Similar to the existing edge-guided methods, for those edge pixels under interpolation, the proposed ECGI will conduct the interpolation along their associated edge's direction. However, the novelty of our proposed ECGI lies in the treatment of non-edge pixels: We additionally view those non-edge pixels as ‘edge’ pixels, if they are locating in the vicinity of true edges. In this case, each ‘edge’ pixel is subject to conduct edge-guided interpolation along the same direction of the true edge that influences it. In our work, we use the edge contrast to determine how far a true edge could yield such influence on its nearby pixels; consequently, the stronger the contrast, the more pixels in its vicinity will be viewed as ‘edge’ pixels. To implement this idea, we apply a variational approach over the directional variation (DV) fields to obtain new diffused DV fields for conducting edge-guided interpolation. Compared with the state-of-the-art interpolation methods, our method is able to deliver superior performance, yielding more clear edges without introducing ringing or other artifacts, while enjoying fairly low computational complexity.
Modulation of the cancer cell transcriptome by culture media formulations and cell density

We investigated how varying the composition of cell culture formulations and growing cancer cells at different densities might affect tumor cell genotype. Specifically, we compared gene expression profiles generated by human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells cultured in different media [minimum essential medium (MEM), Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), or Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium] containing different concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS) or different sera (equine or bovine) that were grown at different cell densities. More than 2,000 genes were differentially modulated by at least a 2-fold difference when MDA-MB-231 cancer cells were 90% confluent and compared with cultures that were 50% confluent. Altering the concentration of serum produced an even more pronounced effect on MDA-MB-231 cancer cell gene expression in that 2,981 genes were differentially expressed in a comparison between cells cultured in 0.1% FBS and same cell density cultures that were maintained in 10% FBS. A comparison between MDA-MB-231 cancer cells that were 90% confluent in MEM, DMEM, or RPMI-1640 media, all containing 10% FBS, resulted in 8,925 differentially expressed genes. Moreover, one-quarter (25.6%) of genes from our genome-wide expression analysis were expressed at significantly different levels by cells grown in MEM, DMEM, or RPMI-1640 media. Genes associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were among the genes that were differentially modulated by cells grown in different cell culture formulations and these genes were verified at the protein level. Collectively, these results underscore the importance of accurate reporting and maintenance of uniform culture conditions to ensure reproducible results.
Encoding and Indexing of Lattice Codes

Encoding and indexing of lattice codes is generalized from self-similar lattice codes to a broader class of lattices. If coding lattice <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda_{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and shaping lattice <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda_{\mathrm s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> satisfy <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm s}\subseteq \Lambda _{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, then <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm c}/ \Lambda _{\mathrm s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is a quotient group that can be used to form a (nested) lattice code <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal C$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Conway and Sloane’s method of encoding and indexing does not apply when the lattices are not self-similar. Results are provided for two classes of lattices. 1) If <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> both have generator matrices in a triangular form that satisfies <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm s}\subseteq \Lambda _{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, then encoding is always possible. 2) When <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are described by full generator matrices, if a solution to a linear diophantine equation exists, then encoding is possible. In addition, special cases where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is a cyclic code are considered. A condition for the existence of a group isomorphism between the information and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is given. The results are applicable to a variety of coding lattices, including Construction A, Construction D, and low-density lattice codes. A variety of shaping lattices may be used as well, including convolutional code lattices and the direct sum of important lattices such as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$D_{4}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{8}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, etc. Thus, a lattice code <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be designed by selecting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Lambda _{\mathrm s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> separately, avoiding the competing design requirements of self-similar lattice codes.
The Function of Speech (Verbal Mediation) on Corresponding Academic and Social Behavior.

The role of language in self-control has been of interest to researchers across continents and time. This study attempted to isolate the functional role of language in relationship to subsequent academic and task engaged behaviors with four students aged 10-14. The students were diagnosed with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders had normal intelligence and were receiving their education at an alternative placement facility. The study used a single subject design and exposed the subjects to conditions of self-declaratory speech (SDS), SDS and reinforcement for correspondence, a return to baseline, SDS and reinforcement for correspondence, and SDS with delayed reinforcement. Results of the study indicate weak effects and variable data for the four subjects across treatment conditions. Further research is needed to conclusively isolate the functional role of speech or language in self-control.
Influence of guanxi on opportunistic behavior and special treatment at the organizational level: An empirical Study

This empirical research is among the earliest studies attempting to examine how guanxi influences the organizational behavior in transactions with SOEs of China. A model is proposed demonstrating the influence of guanxi on opportunistic behavior and special treatment. Data is collected from the salespersons of equipment in the oil industry. Partial least square (PLS) method is applied to analyze the collected data. Guanxi is found to negatively influence opportunistic behavior and positively impact behavior related to special treatment at the organizational level in a guanxi-intensive market in China. Our findings will help the members of the seller's management team, especially foreign members, to better understand the behavior of their Chinese employees, and should also help purchasing managers to better understand how to manage the seller's opportunistic behavior and how to get better support from the seller.
Combination and Integration of Declarative Approaches (Full Paper and System Demonstration)

This paper explores techniques to improve the quality of drawings pr oduced by spring embedder algorithms for undirected graphs. Although producing quite acc ptable results in general, the spring embedder model only optimizes global aesthetics criteria. The main idea is to combine global and local criteria to produce better resul ts. First, we consider a two-stage approach that uses a spring embedder algorithm to ini tially produce a reasonable drawing, which may be subsequently improved by interactively sp cifying and solving graphical constraints. Experiments conducted with this approach shows that both phases may interfere with each other when executed sequentially. An obvious so lution to overcome this difficulty is to integrate both phases. This is similar to the proposed integration of declarative and algorithmic approaches in [17]. Here, we use the gen tic algorithm paradigm for this purpose. Unlike the similar technique of simulated nnealing, our approach is reasonable fast. To our knowledge, this is the first declarative approach based on the genetic algorithm paradigm that aims at arbitrary undirected graphs. The methods described in this paper have been implemented and explored usin g a flexible, extensible object-oriented software architecture. 1 Overview The paper is organized as follows. Sect. 2 reviews three decl arative methods for graph layout creation: spring embedders, constraint-solving techniques a nd the genetic algorithm paradigm. The combination of these techniques by satisfying global and lo cal constraints separately is explored in Sect. 3. As an evaluation suggests, the sequential combin ation yields better overall results, but should be further improved. This leads to an integrated a pproach unifying the optimization of global and local constraints, which is described in Sect. 4. A summary concludes the paper. The appendix describes the G OLD architecture and its implementation G OLDSPEC, an interactive graphical environment to explore and assess the techniques described in the main sections. 2 Fundamentals The problem of drawing a graph nicely can be considered as a pr oblem of constructing a layout of nodes and arcs according to a set of aesthetics criteria. EMail: frick@ipd.info.uni-karlsruhe.de yEMail: keskin@teco.uni-karlsruhe.de zEMail: volker@teco.uni-karlsruhe.de
Probabilistic prototype models for attributed graphs

This contribution proposes a new approach towards developing a class of probabilistic methods for classifying attributed graphs. The key concept is random attributed graph, which is defined as an attributed graph whose nodes and edges are annotated by random variables. Every node/edge has two random processes associated with it- occurence probability and the probability distribution over the attribute values. These are estimated within the maximum likelihood framework. The likelihood of a random attributed graph to generate an outcome graph is used as a feature for classification. The proposed approach is fast and robust to noise.
Multi-Level Contextual RNNs With Attention Model for Scene Labeling

Image context in image is crucial for improving scene labeling. While the existing methods only exploit local context generated from a small surrounding area of an image patch or a pixel, the long-range and global contextual information is often ignored. To handle this issue, we propose a novel approach for scene labeling by multi-level contextual recurrent neural networks (RNNs). We encode three kinds of contextual cues, viz., local context, global context, and image topic context in structural RNNs to model long-range local and global dependencies in an image. In this way, our method is able to “see” the image in terms of both long-range local and holistic views, and make a more reliable inference for image labeling. Besides, we integrate the proposed contextual RNNs into hierarchical convolutional neural networks, and exploit dependence relationships at multiple levels to provide rich spatial and semantic information. Moreover, we adopt an attention model to effectively merge multiple levels and show that it outperforms average- or max-pooling fusion strategies. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves improved results on the CamVid, KITTI, SiftFlow, Stanford Background, and Cityscapes data sets.
Wavelet-Based Video Denoising Using Gauss-Hermite Density Function

A new wavelet-domain video denoising scheme is proposed that exploits the Gauss-Hermite probability density function (p.d.f.) for spatial filtering of the noisy frame wavelet coefficients. It is observed that the proposed p.d. f. matches the empirical one very well as compared to other conventional density functions such as the generalized Gaussian and Bessel K-form densities. The proposed p.d. f. is used in an approximate minimum mean square error estimator for spatial filtering. Temporal filtering of a video sequence is performed by a motion detector and recursive time-averaging. Simulation results on standard video sequences show improved performance both in visual quality and in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio as compared to other recent video denoising methods.
Strathprints Institutional Repository Accepted Manuscript Almost Sure Exponential Stability of Backward Euler–maruyama Discretizations for Hybrid Stochastic Differential Equations

(2011) Almost sure exponential stability of backward Euler-Maruyama discretizations for hybrid stochastic differential equations. Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Copyright c and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (http:// strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Almost sure exponential stability of backward Euler–Maruyama discretizations for hybrid stochastic differential equations Almost sure exponential stability of backward Euler–Maruyama discretizations for hybrid stochastic differential equations, This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Abstract This is a continuation of the first author's earlier paper [17] jointly with Pang and Deng, in which the authors established some sufficient conditions under which the Euler–Maruyama (EM) method can reproduce the almost sure exponential stability of the test hybrid SDEs. The key condition imposed in [17] is the global Lipschitz condition. However, we will show in this paper that without this global Lipschitz condition the EM method may not preserve the almost sure exponential stability. We will then show that the backward EM method can capture almost sure exponential stability for a certain class of highly nonlinear hybrid SDEs.
Intelligent systems for the diagnosis of wireless-capsule endoscopic images

Intelligent computerised systems can provide useful assistance to the physician in the rapid identification of tissue abnormalities and accurate diagnosis in real-time. The endoscopic images possess rich information expressed by texture. In this paper schemes have been developed to extract texture features from the texture spectra in the chromatic and achromatic domains for a selected region of interest from each colour component histogram of endoscopic images acquired by the new M2A Swallowable Capsule. The implementation of advanced learning-based schemes and the concept of fusion of multiple classifiers have been also adopted in this paper. The test results support the feasibility of the proposed methodology for this type of endoscopic images.