Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complete, safe information flow with decentralized labels

The growing use of mobile code in downloaded applications and servlets has increased interest in robust mechanisms for ensuring privacy and secrecy. Information flow control is intended to directly address privacy and secrecy concerns, but most information flow models are too restrictive to be widely used. The decentralized label model is a new information flow model that extends traditional models with per-principal information flow policies and also permits a safe form of declassification. This paper extends this new model further, making it more flexible and expressive. We define a new formal semantics for decentralized labels and a corresponding new rule for relabeling data that is both sound and complete. We also show that these extensions preserve the ability to statically check information flow.
PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES A Room With a Cue: Personality Judgments Based on Offices and Bedrooms

The authors articulate a model specifying links between (a) individuals and the physical environments they occupy and (b) the environments and observers’ impressions of the occupants. Two studies examined the basic phenomena underlying this model: Interobserver consensus, observer accuracy, cue utilization, and cue validity. Observer ratings based purely on offices or bedrooms were compared with self-and peer ratings of occupants and with physical features of the environments. Findings, which varied slightly across contexts and traits, suggest that (a) personal environments elicit similar impressions from independent observers, (b) observer impressions show some accuracy, (c) observers rely on valid cues in the rooms to form impressions of occupants, and (d) sex and race stereotypes partially mediate observer consensus and accuracy. Consensus and accuracy correlations were generally stronger than those found in zero-acquaintance research. An animal resting or passing by leaves crushed grass, footprints, and perhaps droppings, but a human occupying a room for one night prints his character, his biography, his recent history, and sometimes his future plans and hopes. I further believe that personality seeps into walls and is slowly released. As I sat in this unmade room, Lonesome Harry began to take shape and dimension. I could feel that recently departed guest in the bits and pieces of himself he had left behind.
Effects of reuse on quality, productivity, and economics

This article presents metrics from two Hewlett-Packard (HP) reuse programs that document the improved quality, increased productivity, shortened time-to-market, and enhanced economics resulting from reuse. Work products are the products or by-products of the software-development process: for example, code, design, and test plans. Reuse is the use of these work products without modification in the development of other software. Leveraged reuse is modifying existing work products to meet specific system requirements. A producer is a creator of reusable work products, and the consumer is someone who uses them to create other software. Time-to-market is the time it takes to deliver a product from the time it is conceived. Experience with reuse has been largely positive. Because work products are used multiple times, the accumulated defect fixes result in a higher quality work product. Because the work products have already been created, tested, and documented, productivity increases because consumers of reusable work products need to do less work. However, increased productivity from reuse does not necessarily shorten time-to-market. To reduce time-to-market, reuse must be used effectively on the critical path of a development project. Finally, we have found that reuse allows an organization to use personnel more effectively because it leverages expertise. However, software reuse is not free. It requires resources to create and maintain reusable work products, a reuse library, and reuse tools. To help evaluate the costs and benefits of reuse, we have developed an economic analysis method, which we have applied to multiple reuse programs at HP. <<ETX>>
The Arabidopsis pxa 1 Mutant Is Defective in an ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter-Like Protein Required for Peroxisomal Fatty Acid-Oxidation 1

Peroxisomes are important organelles in plant metabolism, containing all the enzymes required for fatty acid -oxidation. More than 20 proteins are required for peroxisomal biogenesis and maintenance. The Arabidopsis pxa1 mutant, originally isolated because it is resistant to the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), developmentally arrests when germinated without supplemental sucrose, suggesting defects in fatty acid -oxidation. Because IBA is converted to the more abundant auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), in a mechanism that parallels -oxidation, the mutant is likely to be IBA resistant because it cannot convert IBA to IAA. Adult pxa1 plants grow slowly compared with wild type, with smaller rosettes, fewer leaves, and shorter inflorescence stems, indicating that PXA1 is important throughout development. We identified the molecular defect in pxa1 using a map-based positional approach. PXA1 encodes a predicted peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter that is 42% identical to the human adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) protein, which is defective in patients with the demyelinating disorder X-linked ALD. Homology to ALD protein and other human and yeast peroxisomal transporters suggests that PXA1 imports coenzyme A esters of fatty acids and IBA into the peroxisome for -oxidation. The pxa1 mutant makes fewer lateral roots than wild type, both in response to IBA and without exogenous hormones, suggesting that the IAA derived from IBA during seedling development promotes lateral root formation.
Developmental Regulation of Synthesis and Dimerization of the Amyloidogenic Protease Inhibitor Cystatin C in the Hematopoietic System*

Background: Dimerization of cystatin C initiates formation of amyloid fibrils in vascular walls. Results: Reactive oxygen species regulate cystatin C dimerization in cells of the hematopoietic system, which are major contributors to the total pool of circulating cystatin C. Conclusion: Cystatin C dimerization is regulated in hematopoietic cells. Significance: Cystatin C synthesis and dimerization might be manipulated for therapeutic gain. The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C is thought to be secreted by most cells and eliminated in the kidneys, so its concentration in plasma is diagnostic of kidney function. Low extracellular cystatin C is linked to pathologic protease activity in cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurism, and emphysema. Cystatin C forms non-inhibitory dimers and aggregates by a mechanism known as domain swapping, a property that reportedly protects against Alzheimer disease but can also cause amyloid angiopathy. Despite these clinical associations, little is known about the regulation of cystatin C production, dimerization, and secretion. We show that hematopoietic cells are major contributors to extracellular cystatin C levels in healthy mice. Among these cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) are the predominant producers of cystatin C. Both cell types synthesize monomeric and dimeric cystatin C in vivo, but only secrete monomer. Dimerization occurs co-translationally in the endoplasmic reticulum and is regulated by the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from mitochondria. Drugs or stimuli that reduce the intracellular concentration of ROS inhibit cystatin C dimerization. The extracellular concentration of inhibitory cystatin C is thus partly dependent on the abundance of macrophages and DC, and the ROS levels. These results have implications for the diagnostic use of serum cystatin C as a marker of kidney function during inflammatory processes that induce changes in DC or macrophage abundance. They also suggest an important role for macrophages, DC, and ROS in diseases associated with the protease inhibitory activity or amyloidogenic properties of cystatin C.
Entity Linking by Means of Explicit Semantic Contexts

(a) David Cameron could refer to the British politician, the English actor or any other namesake. “The Ford Motor Company, founded in 1903 by Henry Ford, is one of the largest auto makers in the world. During a time of crisis throughout the auto industry in recent years, Ford emerged as the sole American automaker in a position to survive the steepest sales downturn in decades without a government bailout. ”
Neuroadaptive Output Feedback Control for Automated Anesthesia With Noisy EEG Measurements

Critical care patients, whether undergoing surgery or recovering in intensive care units, require drug administration to regulate physiological variables such as blood pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and degree of consciousness. The rate of infusion of each administered drug is critical, requiring constant monitoring and frequent adjustments. Nonnegative and compartmental models provide a broad framework for biological and physiological systems, including clinical pharmacology, and are well suited for developing models for closed-loop control of drug administration. In this paper, we develop a neuroadaptive output feedback control framework for nonlinear uncertain nonnegative and compartmental systems with nonnegative control inputs and noisy measurements. The proposed framework is Lyapunov-based and guarantees ultimate boundedness of the error signals. In addition, the neuroadaptive controller guarantees that the physical system states remain in the nonnegative orthant of the state space. Finally, the proposed approach is used to control the infusion of the anesthetic drug propofol for maintaining a desired constant level of depth of anesthesia for surgery in the face of noisy electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements. Clinical trials demonstrate excellent regulation of unconsciousness allowing for a safe and effective administration of the anesthetic agent propofol.
Aromatic emission from the ionised mane of the Horsehead nebula

Context. This work is conducted as part of the “SPECPDR” program dedicated to the study of very small particles and chemistry in photo-dissociation regions with the Spitzer Space Telescope (SST). Aims. We study the evolution of the Aromatic Infrared Bands (AIBs) emitters across the illuminated edge of the Horsehead nebula and especially their survival and properties in the HII region. Methods. We present spectral mapping observations taken with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) at wavelengths 5.2–38 μm. The spectra have a resolving power of λ/Δλ = 64–128 and show the main aromatic bands, H2 rotational lines, ionised gas lines and continuum. The maps have an angular resolution of 3.6–10.6" and allow us to study the nebula, from the HII diffuse region in front of the nebula to the inner dense region. Results. A strong AIB at 11.3 μm is detected in the HII region, relative to the other AIBs at 6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 μm, and up to an angular separation of ~ 20" (or 0.04 pc) from the ionisation front. The intensity of this band appears to be correlated with the intensity of the [NeII] at 12.8 μm and of Hα, which shows that the emitters of the 11.3 μm band are located in the ionised gas. The survival of AIB emitters in the HII region could be due to the moderate intensity of the radiation field (G0 ∼ 100) and the lack of photons with energy above ~ 25 eV. The enhancement of the intensity of the 11.3 μm band in the HII region, relative to the other AIBs can be explained by the presence of neutral PAHs. Conclusions. Our observations highlight a transition region between ionised and neutral PAHs observed with ideal conditions in our Galaxy. A scenario where PAHs can survive in HII regions and be significantly neutral could explain the detection of a prominent 11.3 μm band in other Spitzer observations.
Markov Chain Sampling Methods for Dirichlet Process Mixture Models

Abstract This article reviews Markov chain methods for sampling from the posterior distribution of a Dirichlet process mixture model and presents two new classes of methods. One new approach is to make Metropolis—Hastings updates of the indicators specifying which mixture component is associated with each observation, perhaps supplemented with a partial form of Gibbs sampling. The other new approach extends Gibbs sampling for these indicators by using a set of auxiliary parameters. These methods are simple to implement and are more efficient than previous ways of handling general Dirichlet process mixture models with non-conjugate priors.
An Improved Ant Colony Algorithm for VRP Problem

Vehicle routing problem(VRP) is an NP-hard problem, Ant colony algorithm is an effective tool for solving combinatorial optimization problems like VRP. On the base of understanding VRP problem and Ant Colony Algotithm(ACA), analysis ACA’s application in VRP, for its shortcomings, reference MMAS thought, introduce dynamic negative feedback mechanism and appropriate increase the visibility mechanism, to improve the ant colony algorithm, then combine with the saving function for VRP problem. Simulate result shows that: The proposed algorithm is better than ACS in optimum value and the rate of convergency, has a strong practical, can be effective to solve the VRP problem.
IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN: capacity analysis and protocol enhancement

In WLAN the medium access control (MAC) protocol is the main element for determining the efficiency in sharing the limited communication bandwidth of the wireless channel. This paper focuses on the efficiency of the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless LANs. Specifically, we derive an analytical formula for the protocol capacity. From this analysis we found (i) the theoretical upper bound of the IEEE 802.11 protocol capacity; (ii) that the standard can operate very far from the theoretical limits depending on the network configuration; (iii) that an appropriate tuning of the backoff algorithm can drive the IEEE 802.11 protocol close to its theoretical limits. Hence we propose a distributed algorithm which enables each station to tune its backoff algorithm at run-time. The performances of the IEEE 802.11 protocol, enhanced with our algorithm, are investigated via simulation. The results indicate that the enhanced protocol is very close to the maximum theoretical efficiency.
Amplification of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase genes in chromosome-mediated gene transferents

Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) enzyme activities may be elevated in genetically unstable chromosome-mediated gene transferents selected for transfer of the HPRT gene. Increased levels of HPRT polypeptides in unstable mouse L cell gene transferents were demonstrated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation. No additional polypeptides were found to be overexpressed. HPRT mRNA levels were elevated 10- to 15-fold in the unstable gene transferent GT427C. Southern blot hybridization experiments showed that overexpression of HPRT correlated with a 5- to 15-fold amplification of HPRT gene sequences in two unstable cell lines. Stabilized gene transferents displayed reduced HPRT copy numbers. The amplification of HPRT gene sequences in the unstable transferent GT427C was associated with the presence of multiple minute chromosome fragments. An average of 9.6 fragments was found per metaphase, but the variation was considerable, ranging from 0 to 53. We conclude that genomic DNA sequences may be amplified in unstable chromosome-mediated gene transferents and that such amplification may be associated with the occurrence of multiple chromosomal fragments.
CA-074, But Not Its Methyl Ester CA-074Me, Is a Selective Inhibitor of Cathepsin B within Living Cells

Abstract Studies using inhibitors that reportedly discriminate between cathepsin B and related lysosomal cysteine proteinases have implicated the enzyme in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. The most popular substance to selectively inhibit cathepsin B in vivo is CA-074Me, the methyl ester of the E-64 derivative CA-074. However, we now have found that CA-074Me inactivates both cathepsin B and cathepsin L within murine fibroblasts. In contrast, exposure of these cells to the parental compound CA 074 leads to the selective inhibition of endogenous cathepsin B, while intracellular cathepsin L remains unaffected. These results indicate that CA-074 rather than CA-074Me should be used to specifically inactivate cathepsin B within living cells.
Towards a Better Cache Utilization Using Controlled Cache Partitioning

Many multi-core processors nowadays employ a shared Last Level Cache (LLC). Partitioning LLC becomes more important as LLC is shared among the cores. Past research has demonstrated that the traditional least recently used (LRU) based partitioning cum replacement policy has adverse effects on parameters like instruction per cycle (IPC), miss rate and speedup. This leads to poor performance in an environment when multiple cores compete for one global LLC. Applications, enjoying locality of reference are purely benefited by LRU, however LRU fails for the applications showing working set size (WSS) large than the LLC size. In this work, we propose a scheme which allows cores to steal/donate their lines upto a threshold and give them a chance to adjust their partition when there is a miss. Instead of maintaining strict target partitioning, we introduce a flexible threshold window. Our evaluation with multiprogrammed workloads shows significant performance improvement.
Advances in Brief BCR-ABL Mediates Arsenic Trioxide-induced Apoptosis Independently of Its Aberrant Kinase Activity 1

In the prechemotherapy era arsenic derivatives were used for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the t(9;22) translocation, the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). In acute promyelocytic leukemia response to arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been shown to be genetically determined by the acute promyelocytic leukemia-specific t(15;17) translocation productPML/RARa. Hence, we reasoned that As 2O3 might have a selective inhibitory effect on proliferation of BCR-ABL-expressing cells. Here, we report that: (a) As2O3 induced apoptosis in Ph1 but not in Ph2 lymphoblasts; (b) enforced expression ofBCR-ABL in U937 cells dramatically increased the sensitivity to As2O3; (c) the effect of As2O3 was independent ofBCR-ABL kinase activity; and (d) As2O3 reduced proliferation of chronic myelogenous leukemia blasts but not of peripheral CD341 progenitors. In summary, these data establish As 2O3 as a tumor cell-specific agent, making its clinical application in Ph1 leukemia feasible.
The Relationship of Prayer and Internal Religiosity to Mental and Spiritual Well-being

Writer: Last Name: Gabler First Name: William Middle Initial: M. Title: The Relationship of Prayer and Internal Religiosity to Mental and Spiritual Well-being Graduate Major: Guidance and Counseling – Mental Health Research Advisor: Dr. Bob Salt Month/Year: 5/04 No. of Pages: 51 Style Manual: Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association: Fourth Addition The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between internal religiosity, including prayer, to well-being, which includes religious and existential well-being. A convenience sample of 60 Behavioral Health hospital patients from a Midwestern hospital were invited to participate in this study. Three instruments were used in addition to twelve demographic questions. All instruments used a likert scale and the demographic questions were multiple choice.
Fatigue of survivors following cardiac surgery: positive influences of preoperative prayer coping.

OBJECTIVES Fatigue symptoms are common among individuals suffering from cardiac diseases, but few studies have explored longitudinally protective factors in this population. This study examined the effect of preoperative factors, especially the use of prayer for coping, on long-term postoperative fatigue symptoms as one aspect of lack of vitality in middle-aged and older patients who survived cardiac surgery. METHOD The analyses capitalized on demographics, faith factors, mental health, and on medical comorbidities previously collected via two-wave preoperative interviews and standardized information from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons' national database. The current participants completed a mailed survey 30 months after surgery. Two hierarchical regressions were performed to evaluate the extent to which religious factors predicted mental and physical fatigue, respectively, after controlling for key demographics, medical indices, and mental health. RESULTS Preoperative prayer coping, but not other religious factors, predicted less mental fatigue at the 30-month follow-up, after controlling for key demographics, medical comorbidities, cardiac function (previous cardiovascular intervention, congestive heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association Classification), mental health (depression, anxiety), and protectors (optimism, hope, social support). Male gender, preoperative anxiety, and reverence in secular context predicted more mental fatigue. Physical fatigue increased with age, medical comorbidities, and preoperative anxiety. Including health control beliefs in the model did not eliminate this effect. CONCLUSIONS Prayer coping may have independent and positive influences on less fatigue in individuals who survived cardiac surgery. However, future research should investigate mechanisms of this association.
Information Processing in the Mental Workspace Is Fundamentally Distributed

The brain is a complex, interconnected information processing network. In humans, this network supports a mental workspace that enables high-level abilities such as scientific and artistic creativity. Do the component processes underlying these abilities occur in discrete anatomical modules, or are they distributed widely throughout the brain? How does the flow of information within this network support specific cognitive functions? Current approaches have limited ability to answer such questions. Here, we report novel multivariate methods to analyze information flow within the mental workspace during visual imagery manipulation. We find that mental imagery entails distributed information flow and shared representations throughout the cortex. These findings challenge existing, anatomically modular models of the neural basis of higher-order mental functions, suggesting that such processes may occur at least in part at a fundamentally distributed level of organization. The novel methods we report may be useful in studying other similarly complex, high-level informational processes.
5 A 20 Gb / s Broadband Transmitter with Auto-Configuration Technique

The ever-growing volume of communication over backplane channels necessitates transceivers with equalization techniques. Among the existing solutions, transmit pre-emphasis manifests itself in its simplicity and accuracy. However, making it adaptive is not a trivial work due to the lack of eye-opening information from the receive side, unless a back channel or a bidirectional topology is included [1, 2]. In this paper, an adaptive scheme that automatically configures the transmitter at power up without using any additional trace is presened. A 20Gb/s feedforward transmitter and a collaborating receiver verify this approach, where adaptive pre-emphasis is achieved without extra power consumption.