Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of different types of lower body resistance training on arterial compliance and calf blood flow

Low‐intensity resistance exercise combined with blood flow restriction has been shown to produce comparable increases in muscle strength and hypertrophy as traditional high‐intensity (HI) resistance training. However, the vascular effects of low‐intensity blood flow–restricted (LI‐BFR) exercise training are not well characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the vascular effects of LI‐BFR, moderate‐intensity (MI), and HI resistance exercise training. Forty‐six young men were divided into four groups: a HI, MI or LI‐BFR lower body resistance training group or a non‐exercise control group (C). Blood pressure, arterial compliance and calf vascular conductance (CVC) were assessed before and after the 6‐week intervention. After the intervention, CVC was significantly increased in the three exercise groups combined compared with C (47·5 ± 3·1 versus 35·0 ± 4·5 flow per mmHg) without any changes in arterial compliance in any group. These results suggest HI, MI and LI‐BFR lower body resistance exercises increase CVC, but do not affect arterial compliance. LI‐BFR resistance exercise may be an effective alternative to HI resistance exercise for improving vascular conductance for individuals unable to perform HI resistance exercise. As more evidence concerning the safety and efficacy of LI‐BFR resistance exercise continues to mount, this may provide a research base for prescribing this type of exercise if and/or when this type of exercise becomes more available worldwide.
Representations of illness: Their relationship with an understanding of and adherence to homoeopathic treatment

The aims of this study were twofold; to test the reliability of the illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ; Weinman et al ., 1996) with a sample receiving homoeopathic treatment and to examine its predictive utility concerning the extent of understanding and adherence to treatment. Thirty adult patients presenting with ‘chronic’ conditions to homoeopathic practitioners completed the IPQ prior to their initial consultation. At their next consultation (4-6 weeks later), a further questionnaire was completed concerning their understanding of and the extent of adherence to the treatment. The IPQ yielded reliability coefficients of 0.89, 0.78 and 0.64 for time-line, consequences and control/cure, respectively. Causation beliefs appeared as the best predictors of both understanding and adherence. The severity and duration of the condition was associated with an understanding of the principles of homoeopathy and the extent of adherence to it. However, they were not associated with an understanding of the practitioners' explanations of the illness, awareness of its consequences and the extent of perceived efficacy of the treatment, the implications of which are discussed in relation to practice.
Herpes Simplex Virus Inhibitor ICP47 Destabilizes the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing (TAP) Heterodimer*

Chemical cross-linking of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) heterodimer was used to determine whether the herpes simplex virus inhibitor of TAP, ICP47, induces a conformational change in TAP. Cross-linking of TAP in cellular membranes produced a major species of ∼220 kDa which was comprised solely of TAP.1 and TAP.2 and most likely represents the TAP heterodimer. Interestingly, prior treatment of TAP-containing membranes with TAP peptide substrates stimulated the formation of the cross-linked TAP heterodimer, whereas pretreatment of membranes with ICP47 completely blocked the formation of the cross-linked heterodimer. These data suggest that suitable substrates for TAP stabilize the TAP heterodimer, whereas ICP47 destabilizes the heterodimer. The results indicate that subtle conformational changes occur in the TAP heterodimer upon the binding of peptides and the inhibitor ICP47 and that ICP47 has a deleterious effect on TAP heterodimer structure, in addition to its role as a potent blocker of substrate binding to TAP.
The most efficient sequence of study depends on the type of test

Funding information National Science Foundation, Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences, Grant/ Award Number: 1824257; National Science Foundation, Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings, Grant/Award Number: 0910218; Fundaç~ao para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Grant/Award Number: SFRH/ BD/78083/2011; Institute of Education Sciences, Grant/Award Number: R305A1100060 Summary Across three experiments featuring naturalistic concepts (psychology concepts) and naïve learners, we extend previous research showing an effect of the sequence of study on learning outcomes, by demonstrating that the sequence of examples during study changes the representation the learner creates of the study materials. We compared participants' performance in test tasks requiring different representations and evaluated which sequence yields better learning in which type of tests. We found that interleaved study, in which examples from different concepts are mixed, leads to the creation of relatively interrelated concepts that are represented by contrast to each other and based on discriminating properties. Conversely, blocked study, in which several examples of the same concept are presented together, leads to the creation of relatively isolated concepts that are represented in terms of their central and characteristic properties. These results argue for the integrated investigation of the benefits of different sequences of study as depending on the characteristics of the study and testing situation.
An Agonistic Anti-BTLA mAb (3C10) Induced Generation of IL-10-Dependent Regulatory CD4+ T Cells and Prolongation of Murine Cardiac Allograft

Background The co-inhibitory receptor B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) has been implicated in the regulation of autoimmunity and may potentially play an important role in allograft tolerance. This study investigated the effect of an agonistic anti-BTLA mAb (3C10) in the fully major histocompatibility complex–mismatched murine cardiac transplantation. Methods CBA mice underwent transplantation of C57BL/6 hearts and received one dose of 3C10 on the day of transplantation (day 0) or four doses of 3C10 on day 0, 3, 6, and 9. Adoptive transfer studies were performed to determine whether regulatory cells were generated. Moreover, to confirm the requirement for regulatory T cell and Th-2 cytokines, anti-interleukin (IL)-2 receptor alpha antibody (PC-61) or anti-IL-10 antibody (JES-2A5) was administered to a 3C10-treated CBA recipient. Results CBA mice treated with one and four doses of 3C10 prolonged allograft survival (median survival times [MSTs], 43 and >100 days, respectively). Secondary CBA recipients given whole splenocytes or CD4+ cells from primary 3C10-treated CBA recipients had significantly prolonged survival of C57BL/6 hearts (MSTs, >100 in both). Also, flow cytometry studies showed an increased CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cell population in 3C10-treated mice. Additionally, IL-2 and interferon-&ggr; production were suppressed in 3C10-treated mice, and IL-4 and IL-10 from 3C10-treated CBA mice increased. Moreover, 3C10 directly suppressed alloproliferation in a mixed leukocyte culture. However, administration of PC-61 or JES-2A5 clearly attenuated prolonged survival of 3C10-treated mice (MSTs, 15.5 and 13.5 days, respectively). Conclusion 3C10 could control acute rejection by its suppressive effect on alloreactive T cells and induction of IL-10-dependent regulatory CD4+ T cells.
Bayesian inference of particle source and sink in a closed-divertor using Balmer line spectroscopy

A new analysis technique for Balmer line spectroscopy that enables recombination rate (particle sink) and ionization rate (particle source) inference in a closed divertor configuration is reported. Bayesian inference is employed to systematically utilize all available information from multiple Balmer lines and constrain parameter ranges by using prior knowledge about plasmas. While a closed-divertor facilitates detachment, neutral plugging typically leads to large spatial variations in plasma parameters. A forward model is developed to take into account non-uniformity in the plasma parameters and applied to test data generated by divertor plasma simulations. It is shown that the forward model robustly provides particle source and sink inference over a wide parameter range. In addition, the precision improves as more Balmer lines are resolved simultaneously. The new analysis technique is also applied to an L-mode ASDEX Upgrade plasma in the high-recycling regime. The inferred quantities and their profiles are consistent with the expectations of a high-recycling divertor plasma. The further insight into the detachment physics will be provided by using this new analysis technique.
A Newton-like method for computing deflating subspaces

Abstract This work is devoted to computations of deflating subspaces associated with separated groups of finite eigenvalues near specified shifts of large regular matrix pencils. The proposed method is a combination of inexact inverse subspace iteration and Newton’s method. The first one is slow but reliably convergent starting with almost an arbitrary initial subspace and it is used as a preprocessing to obtain a good initial guess for the second method which is fast but only locally convergent. The Newton method necessitates at each iteration the solution of a generalized Sylvester equation and for this task an iterative algorithm based on the preconditioned GMRES method is devised. Numerical properties of the proposed combination are illustrated with a typical hydrodynamic stability problem.
Isolation and enzymatic properties of a nonspecific acid phosphatase from Vigna aconitifolia seeds

Acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) from Vigna aconitifolia seeds was purified to apparent homogeneity by using ammonium sulfate fractionation and cation‐exchange chromatography [carboxymethyl (CM) cellulose]. The enzyme was 228‐fold purified with 14.6% recovery. Analytical gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G‐200 column showed that Mr of native enzyme was 58 kDa and denaturing PAGE demonstrated that it was made up of two subunits of 24 and 27 kDa. The enzyme showed its optimum activity at pH 5.0 and 60°C. It exhibited broad substrate specificity and showed a higher specificity constant for para‐nitrophenyl phosphate, Na β‐naphthyl phosphate, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Cu2+, Mo6+, Fe3+, phosphate, and fluoride ions were reported as strong inhibitors for the enzyme. Active site study for the enzyme demonstrated that tryptophan and aspartic acid may be important for the catalysis.
The ability of soil bacteria to receive the conjugative IncP1 plasmid, pKJK10, is different in a mixed community compared to single strains.

Horizontal gene transfer by conjugation is common among bacterial populations in soil. It is well known that the host range of plasmids depends on several factors, including the identity of the plasmid host cell. In the present study, however, we demonstrate that the composition of the recipient community is also determining for the dissemination of a conjugative plasmid. We isolated 15 different bacterial strains from soil and assessed the conjugation frequencies of the IncP1 plasmid, pKJK10, by flow cytometry, from two different donors, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida, to either 15 different bacterial strains or to the mixed community composed of all the 15 strains. We detected transfer of pKJK10 from P. putida to Stenotrophomonas rhizophila in a diparental mating, but no transfer was observed to the mixed community. In contrast, for E. coli, transfer was observed only to the mixed community, where Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae was identified as the dominating plasmid recipient. Our results indicate that the presence of a bacterial community impacts the plasmid permissiveness by affecting the ability of strains to receive the conjugative plasmid.
A clinical scoring system for the diagnosis of respiratory failure. Preliminary report on childhood status asthmaticus.

A clinical scoring system has been developed to detect impending or existing respiratory failure in childhood status asthmaticus. The score is based on a numerical evaluation of oxygenation, gas exchange, work of breathing, airway obstruction, and cerebral function. A highly significant correlation exists between the score and arterial carbon dioxide tension (Pco 2 ). The score and arterial oxygen tension (Po 2 ) during air breathing also appear to be significantly related.
A new comprehensive security protection for remote sensing image based on the integration of encryption and watermarking

For the special characters, remote sensing image has higher requirements in content security: it desires not only the encryption during storage and transmission for preventing information leakage, but also the watermarking after illegal usage for copyright protection or even source tracing. Therefore, this paper proposed to integrate encryption and watermarking based on the orthogonal decomposition for the comprehensive security protection of remote sensing image. By the proposed method, encryption and watermarking can achieve the operation independence and the content mergence; moreover, there is not special requirement in selecting special encryption and watermarking algorithms. It makes up the shortage of recent integration method based on spatial scrambling in application and possesses higher security. According to the experimental results, the proposed method satisfies the common constraints of encryption and watermarking, furthermore, has little impact on remote sensing image data characters and later applications.
Application of GR Neural Network in Ultra-Short Term Wind Speed Forecast

This paper presents a method of ultra short-term wind speed forecasting based on GR neural network, which aims to achieve the wind speed forecasting of the wind farm by using a good nonlinear fitting ability and nonlinear learning ability of GR neural network, and provide a good guarantee and basis for the safe and stable operation of the power grid as well. Firstly, in order to achieve accurate wind speed forecasting, this paper references the GR neural network to establish wind speed forecasting physical model and mathematical model of the method; Then, in order to make wind speed forecasting effect of the method has a sharp contrast, it combines the influence factors of NWP of wind power (including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, pressure), and simulates NWP data of wind farm of china of May, 2014, and the simulation results show that GR full information neural network forecasting wind speed effect is the best; Finally, a conclusion comes from the simulation: GR neural network has good stability and GR full information neural network plays a good prediction effect for ultra-short term wind speed forecasting.
Transcriptome profiling of the testis reveals genes involved in spermatogenesis and marker discovery in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

The testis is a highly specialized tissue that plays a vital role in ensuring fertility by producing spermatozoa, which are transferred to the female during mating. Spermatogenesis is a complex process, resulting in the production of mature sperm, and involves significant structural and biochemical changes in the seminiferous epithelium of the adult testis. The identification of genes involved in spermatogenesis of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is critical for a better understanding of its reproductive development. In this study, we constructed a cDNA library of testes from male B. dorsalis adults at different ages, and performed de novo transcriptome sequencing to produce a comprehensive transcript data set, using Illumina sequencing technology. The analysis yielded 52 016 732 clean reads, including a total of 4.65 Gb of nucleotides. These reads were assembled into 47 677 contigs (average 443 bp) and then clustered into 30 516 unigenes (average 756 bp). Based on BLAST hits with known proteins in different databases, 20 921 unigenes were annotated with a cut‐off E‐value of 10−5. The transcriptome sequences were further annotated using the Clusters of Orthologous Groups, Gene Orthology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases. Functional genes involved in spermatogenesis were analysed, including cell cycle proteins, metalloproteins, actin, and ubiquitin and antihyperthermia proteins. Several testis‐specific genes were also identified. The transcripts database will help us to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying spermatogenesis in B. dorsalis. Furthermore, 2913 simple sequence repeats and 151 431 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified, which will be useful for investigating the genetic diversity of B. dorsalis in the future.
Biologically inspired Gaze Stabilization A first step toward live visual Object − Recognition in Walking Robots

Gaze stabilization is the process in which the image projected on the retina is kept stationary. The goal of this thesis is to give an outline of how other species solve this problem and what mechanisms are involved in this behavior. Based on these findings a biologically plausible model, the so-called Elementary Motion Detector or Reichardt Detector (Reichardt, 1969; Borst and Egelhaaf, 1993; Iida, 2001), is proposed and implemented in a walking robot dog, which has a novel musculo-skeletal design based on anatomical studies of the canine. This research project focuses on the analysis of the optokinetic reflex. The model is a method to measure the amount of retinal slip, the displacement of the surrounding environment of the world. This model is implemented in a closed-loop manner in an artificial robot dog. The output of the model generates compensatory eye movement signals to control the eyes of the dog. The performance of this model is tested in a real-world office environment.
3-D Capacitive Interconnections With Mono- and Bi-Directional Capabilities

A wireless interconnection scheme based on capacitive coupling provides mono- and bi-directional transmission capabilities for 3-D system integration. Chips are implemented in 0.13 mum CMOS technology and assembled face-to-face at die-level. RX-TX circuits are specifically designed for low-power functionality and the implementation takes advantage of the two different voltage thresholds that are available for the standard transistors in the CMOS process we used. The communication circuits are coupled via electrodes with an area down to 8 times 8 mum2 and this enables the vertical propagation of clock signals at 1.7 GHz, a propagation delay of 420 ps for general purpose signals and a throughput of more than 22 Mb/s/mum2 with 0.08 pJ/b energy consumption.
Noise paradoxically increases reliability metrics

Lower signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the scanning environment is generally considered to exert a negative impact on the inter-/intra-subject consistency of resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) metrics. Here, we show through simulations that this assumption is not always true poor SNR may paradoxically increase reliability metrics of RSFC under certain circumstances, due to the reduced senstivity to dynamic changes in brain connectivity.
Polytetrafluoroethylene Patch versus Autologous Pericardial Patch for Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction in Patients with Tetralogy of Fallot

Objective: For patients of TOF with pulmonary annular hypoplasia, reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) often requires a trans annular patch (TAP). The present study aims to compare the outcomes of TOF repair using Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) patch versus autologous glutaraldehyde fixed pericardial patch for RVOT reconstruction. Materials and methods: 103 consecutive patients undergoing TOF repair in whom TAP was required were randomized into two groups: Group I (pericardial patch), Group II (PTFE patch). Postoperative outcomes in terms of postoperative heart rhythm, duration of mechanical ventilation, mediastinal and pleural drainage, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality were assessed. A separate team of cardiologists independently evaluated pre- and post-operative gradients across the RVOT, degree of pulmonary insufficiency, right ventricular systolic function. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the incidence of postoperative arrhythmias, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit or hospital stay. The requirement of inotropes was no different in the PTFE patch group as compared with the pericardial patch group (16.84 ± 7.04 vs. 17.90 ± 6.71, median 19 vs. 20, p = 0.825). The re-exploration rate was higher in the PTFE group as compared with the pericardial patch group (6 vs. 1). Postoperative Echocar-diography revealed no differences in the RV systolic function between the two groups before discharge. Conclusion: In patients undergoing TOF repair, using a PTFE patch yields comparable results. However, the efficacy of PTFE will only be established once; mid-term and long-term results are available.
An orthorhombic polymorph of 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-6-ethoxyphenol

In the title molecule, C15H13NO2S, an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond forms an S(6) ring motif. The benzothiazole ring system and the benzene ring form a dihedral angle of 8.9 (3) Å. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along the b axis. In addition, π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.772 (4) and 3.879 (4) Å] are observed.
A Dynamic Resource Allocation Scheme for Guaranteed Bit Rate Services in OFDMA Networks

While several previous works have considered the problem of resource (including subcarrier and power) allocation in multicell orthogonal frequency division multiple access networks, only a few contributions have explicitly taken into account the elastic nature of data applications. In this work, each user is associated with a minimum and maximum resource block requirement and the resource allocation problem consists of maximizing the overall throughput such that these requirements are met. We propose a hybrid method that partitions this problem into a centralized and a distributed algorithm that balances between maximizing the overall throughput and being feasible in real systems. By means of simulations we compare four resource allocation strategies that represent various degrees of multi- cell coordination and taking advantage of multi-user diversity. We find that a feasible dynamic coordination combined with intra-cell multi-user diversity provides large throughput gains compared with non-coordinated schemes or schemes that would limit the degree of freedom of multi-user diversity.