Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Resource Access, Market Considerations, and the Nature of Innovation in Pursuit of Standards in the New Product Development Process

Standards influence new product development (NPD) in high-technology markets. However, existing work on standards has focused exclusively on one aspect of standards—compatibility standards. This article has the following goals. First, we delineate the concept of customer interface standards as distinct from compatibility standards. This distinction is important from a product development and technology adoption perspective. Second, we propose and show that antecedent factors may motivate a firm differently about the emphasis that the firm should put on a type of standard (compatibility or customer interface) that it follows. For example, we propose that appropriability regime affects pursuit of customer interface standards and compatibility standards differently. Finally, we illustrate how resource access and the nature of the innovation also influence a firm's decision to pursue a standard type. Finally, we propose that pursuit of different standards (customer interface or compatibility) affects the NPD process in terms of (1) sourcing and dissemination of technology and (2) the customer utility for the product, which influences adoption. We collected perceptual data from a sample of marketing and technology managers in high-tech industries in the UK using both formative and reflective scales to measure the constructs. Analysis of the data using LISREL supports our contention that compatibility standards and customer interface standards are distinct constructs and that appropriability regime influences compatibility standards and customer interface standards differently. We also find that pursuit of compatibility standards helps a firm to create direct externalities pursuit of customer interface standards helps firms to develop indirect network externalities and technological advantage in the market. Our findings have the following implications. First, managers need to account explicitly for the difference between compatibility and customer interface standards, as resource allocation decisions during the NPD process will determine where a firm puts more focus. The choices made by the firm—as to whether it pursues compatibility standards or customer interface standards—will determine the type of advantage that it can gain in the market. Given a firm's situation at a point in time, a greater focus on one standard type rather than the other may be the right approach. Such choices will influence resource allocation in the product development process.
Scheduling Nodes in Underwater Networks using Voronoi Diagram

Underwater networks are used for monitoring water resources and underwater environments. Thus, it is important that the underwater sensor nodes cover the largest region possible, during the largest amount of time. This paper presents a method to perform node scheduling in underwater stratified networks. It aims to maintain the network active for longer, maintaining its connectivity. Voronoi Diagrams are used to decompose the space into regions around each node in order to determine which one should be scheduled to sleep. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves the desired objectives, more than doubling the network lifetime while guaranteeing connectivity.
Apparel firms’ corporate social responsibility communications

Purpose – Corporate social responsibility (CSR) communication is a strategy to address companies’ goodwill to the society. Based on the institutional theory suggesting the influence of environmental factors of companies’ country-of-origins on their marketing practices, the purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the CSR communication practices of apparel firms from different countries. Design/methodology/approach – As a case study approach, this study investigates six apparel firms’ CSR communication disclosures on the official websites using a content analysis method and the Global Reporting Initiative’s categorial CSR reporting guidelines. Findings – Findings revealed that the six firms’ CSR communication adoption levels and focusses varied; the USA firms largely focussed on labor issues, while the European firms focussed on environmental issues and the Asian firms centered on social issues. Research limitations/implications – Although this study has limitations that pertain to case studies in g.
New antibacterials for the treatment of toxoplasmosis; a patent review

Introduction : Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. T. gondii is able to infect a wide range of hosts, particularly humans and warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis can be considered as one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases affecting close to one billion people worldwide, but its current chemotherapy is still deficient and is only effective in the acute phase of the disease. Areas covered : This review covers different approaches to toxoplasmosis chemotherapy focused on the metabolic differences between the host and the parasite. Selective action on different targets such as the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii adenosine kinase, different antibacterials, T. gondii histone deacetylase and calcium-dependent protein kinases is discussed. Expert opinion : A new and safe chemotherapy is needed, as T. gondii causes serious morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and immunodeficient patients undergoing chemotherapy. A particular drawback of the available treatments is the lack of efficacy against the tissue cyst of the parasite. During this review a broad scope of several attractive targets for drug design have been presented. In this context, the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii histone deacetylase are promising molecular targets.
A cross-layer autonomic architecture for QoS support in wireless networks

Cross-layering is a novel paradigm in wireless local area networks (WLAN) proposed to improve the support of QoS (Quality of Service) traffic. Many cross-layer solutions have already been developed. They diverge in the way the cross-layer concept is implemented and the type of performance gain they recommend. In parallel to cross-layering, a new network paradigm is growing: the autonomic paradigm appearing as the size and complexity of networks grow. There is a growing consensus among the research community that combining cross-layering and autonomic paradigms is, until now, the best alternative for better QoS support in WLANs. We combine cross-layering and autonomic concepts in the design of a new architecture called XLEngine (Cross-Layer Engine) having the ability to make optimizations based on local and network wide knowledge. XLEngine is implemented and simulated under the J-Sim simulator for different wireless scenarios. Simulation results show that XLEngine outperforms the classic layered architecture.
An Exploration of Online Shopping Cart Abandonment Syndrome–A Matter of Risk and Reputation

ABSTRACT Despite the surge in online retail sales in recent years there still remains reluctance by consumers to complete the online shopping process. A number of authors have attributed consumers' reluctance to purchase online to apparent barriers. However, such barriers as yet have not been fully examined within a theoretical context. This research explores the application of the perceived risk theoretical framework. Specifically, performance risk and the influence of perceived performance risk has on the phenomenon of internet Abandoned Cart Syndrome (ACS) is evaluated. To explore this phenomenon, a number of extrinsic cues are identified as playing a major role in the performance evaluation process of online purchases. The results of this study suggest the extrinsic cues of brand, reputation, design and price have an overall impact on the performance evaluation process just prior to an online purchase. Varying these cues either positively or negatively had a strong impact on performance evaluation. Fu.
The Performance Impacts of Stock Options in Japan

Japanese companies are increasingly adopting stock options since the amendments in the commercial code of Japan, in 1997. However, there is a lot of speculation about the performance consequences of stock options in the Japanese business environment. We use multiple measures of firm performance to examine the effect of option grants on increasing the net economic value of a firm. We use cross sectional data of 1600 firm-year observations of the electric companies listed on Tokyo Stock Exchange (from 1997 to 2004). The evidence suggests improvements, both in the operating performance and stock market returns, after the announcement of option plans. Overall, Japanese evidence does not accord with the view that managers misuse options to enrich themselves at the cost of intrinsic firm value.
The statistical recognition of walking, jogging, and running using smartphone accelerometers

This study was conducted to statistically recognize the walking, jogging, and running activities by using accelerometers build-in a smartphone. Using the smartphone causes the user need not to carry another device more. The advantage of the study is to observe remotely any movement of an interested person at all time so the observer can manage appropriate program for exercise, monitor energy consumption, or evaluate calorie compensation. The method used for the recognition applied the statistical analysis: descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, F-test, and t-test.
Innovativeness of Sri Lankan it Firms: The Roles of Knowledge Management and Dynamic Innovation Capabilities

The present study explores the mediating role of dynamic innovation capabilities, focusing on the relationship between knowledge management and innovativeness in Sri Lankan IT firms. Survey data were collected from 197 IT firms and the analysis indicates that dynamic innovation capabilities fully mediate the relationship between knowledge management and innovativeness. While contributing to the ongoing attempt in explaining how knowledge management practices lead to innovations, the study suggests that managers should pioneer in building dynamic capabilities in order to gain competitive advantage through innovativeness in a dynamic environment.
Developing a reverse logistics competency

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of collaboration and information technology (IT) on the reverse logistics competency of firms. Through collaboration firms can improve their ability to handle returns, but this research introduces IT as providing a moderating influence over the impact of collaboration in the advancement of a reverse logistics competency. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was administered to employees involved with supply chain relationships. Empirical evidence from 267 respondents is analyzed with structural equation modeling. Findings – Support is found for the positive moderating influence of an IT competency on the relationship between collaboration and a reverse logistics competency. Additional benefits for logistics performance are also realized. Research limitations/implications – This research provides theoretical implications for the development of a reverse logistics competency through an application of resource-based theory/resource-based view .
Resource commitment behaviour of industrial exhibitors: an exploratory study

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to assist practitioners in improving the benefits they receive from trade shows. This study seeks to investigate the behaviour of resource commitment of exhibiting firms and its relationships with market orientation and exhibition performance.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected at the 2007 Suzhou Circuitex Show, which is held annually in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. It is one of the largest international shows for the printed circuit board (PCB) industry. A total of 315 questionnaires were handed out and 185 usable questionnaires were returned.Findings – The results advance the theoretical understanding of the market orientation‐resource commitment behaviour – performance framework within the setting of an industrial trade show. This study finds that market orientation is positively associated with an exhibiting firm's resource commitment behaviour, which in turn has varying influences on the different dimensions of trade show performance.Research l.
System Design for Big Data Application in Emotion-Aware Healthcare

As the living standards improve and the health consciousness enhances, the healthcare industry has become a hot spot in nowadays society and some health monitoring systems emerge one after another in recent years. However, the mostly existing systems only focus on the logic reasoning but ignore the factor of the user's emotion, which is regarded as an important factor to impact human health. In this paper, we design a system for big data application in emotion-aware healthcare (BDAEH), which pays attention to both the logic reasoning and the emotion computing. Meanwhile, the SDN the and 5G technologies are adopted in the BDAHE system to improve the resource utilization and the overall network performance of the system. The BDAEH system includes the following functions: healthcare data collection, healthcare data transmission, healthcare data storage, healthcare data analysis, and human-machine interaction. The healthcare data are generated by wearable devices or sensing-less sensors, and these healthcare data are regarded as the foundation to expand a series of data processing. The healthcare data transmission is performed through leveraging the SDN and the 5G technologies. In the data center, the related technologies based on cloud computing are utilized to store and analyze healthcare data, which obtains both the emotion and the health state of the users, and the relation between the emotion and the illness. Finally, the BDAEH system returns the analysis result to the users or the doctors for further treatment schemes or rehabilitation advice. The presented system is expected to validly improve the healthcare services by considering the emotion factor.
Managing alcohol and drugs in event and venue settings: the Australian case

One of the major challenges of operating events and venues is that of managing attendee/patron alcohol and drug use. In the Australian context, a rising number of alcohol and drug-related incidents in and around these settings have resulted in a renewed focus on how these negative outcomes can be more effectively controlled. In order to aid those charged with the task of addressing this matter—event and venue managers, police, security firms, alcohol and drug regulatory bodies, and governments at all levels—this article seeks to identify those variables with the potential to impact this management issue. Further, it aims to provide the previously identified stakeholders with a deeper appreciation of the raft of practices that are currently in use, and potentially available to them, as they build responses to this challenge at the individual state, precinct, venue, or event level. The research approach used involved an extensive literature review and a series of in-depth interviews with key stakeholders across three states—New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia.
SH travel times and lateral heterogeneities in the lower mantle

The horizontal long-period seismograms of two shallow earthquakes in Turkey and Iran recorded in selected azimuths are combined for travel-time studies of the SH wave beyond the angular distance of 40°. The observed travel times along two profiles which sample the deep mantle in the vicinity of Iceland and the North Pole show monotonically increasing differences beyond 65°, indicating lateral heterogeneity in the lower mantle. The travel-time difference becomes as large as 7 sec at 95°, implying a variation as much as 0.06 km/sec, or about 1 per cent, in the shear-wave velocity near 2,500 km depth. Inversion of observations, adjusted to surface foci, results in an average lower mantle structure with lower shear velocities than those given by Jeffreys. The difference exceeds 0.1 km/sec at the core boundary. The arrival time and signature of S waves recorded in Greenland show anomalous features which may be related to deep seated anomalous zones associated with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge system.
Algebras of Information. A New and Extended Axiomatic Foundation

The basic idea behind information algebras is that information comes in pieces, each referring to a certain question, that these pieces can be combined or aggregated and that the part relating to a given question can be extracted. This algebraic structure can be given different forms. Questions were originally represented by subsets of variables. Pieces of information were then represented by valuations associated with the domains of variables. This leads to an algebraic structure called valuation algebras. The basic axiomatics of this algebraic structure was in essence proposed by Shenoy and Shafer. Here a much more general view of systems of questions is proposed and pieces of information are related to the elements of this system of questions. This leads to a new and extended system of axioms for information algebras. Classical valuation algebras are essentially a special case of this new system. A full discussion of the algebraic theory of this new information algebras is given, including local computation, duality between labeled and domain-free versions of the algebras, order of information, finiteness of information and approximation, compact and continuous information algebras. Finally a rather complete discussion of uncertain information, based on random maps into information algebras is presented. This is shown to represent a generalisation of classical Dempster-Shafer theory.
A Meta-Analysis Framework and Its Application for Exploring the Driving Causes to Social Vulnerability

Since 1970s, along with the emerging of concept of complex problems, especially in the fields of environment, socioeconomic, population and sustainable development, there has been more and more studies turned from mathematical modeling or other qualitative methods to qualitative analysis and synthesis. Partly it is because that the studies becomes more and more cross-disciplined, on the other hand, difficulties to quantify them are the reasons. But as yet, little accumulation of the understandings have been gained from these studies. Compared to the considerable amount of attention on quantitative modeling and analysis, the attentions on the qualitative synthesis still keep a relative lack generally.
Clarifying the role of actor network theory (ANT) for the accounting of information system in Iran

Abstract . In this research is paid to clarify the role of actor network theory (ANT) for the accounting of information system in Iran with the aim of the determining of the human and non-human actors effective on the accounting information systems, the analysis of relationships between the human and non-human actors on the net and to determine the effective factors on the accounting information systems in terms of types of actors for the first time in Iran. In this research which is done in the audit companies in Iran in the 1394, 9 hypotheses has been studied to investigate the role of human actors and their characteristics by identifying the main actor of the accounting information system of Iran. The results of the analysis of 9 hypotheses showed that has exist a significant relation between the familiarity level of respondents, the years of service of respondents, the organizational position of respondents, the education field of respondents, between the ages group of respondents, the usage level of respondents, the background and experience of the middle management post of respondents, the background and experience in the senior management post of respondents and the identifying of the main actor of information accounting system of Iran (technical, organizational, economic, political-social and technology actor), but has not exist a significant relation between the sexuality of respondents and the identifying of the main actor of information accounting system of Iran (technical, organizational, economic, political-social and technology actor).
Colonic Antioxidant Status in Dextran Sulfate‐Induced Colitis in Mice

Summary: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been implicated as mediators of mucosal injury in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study investigated the status of the endogenous antioxidants and markers of oxidative mucosal injury in dextran sulfate‐induced colitis in mice. Colitis was induced by supplementing the drinking water with 5% dextran sulfate. After 8 days of dextran treatment, the colonic mucosa was analyzed for total radical scavenging capacity, major lipophilic and aqueous antioxidants, and thiol‐containing markers of oxidative injury. Compared with control mucosa, there was a 3.3‐fold increase in mucosal myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.001), corresponding to the neutrophil infiltration seen histologically. Significant decreases in total peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (15.7%, p < 0.05) and mucosal antioxidant levels, including ubiquinol‐9 and ascorbate, were found (53.1 and 17.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). In contrast, &agr;‐tocopherol and urate levels were increased by 63.7 and 109%, respectively (p < 0.001). Glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase activity, previously shown to be inactivated by thiol oxidation in inflamed but not in noninflamed IBD epithelium, and total reduced thiol content were also significantly decreased by 33.8 and 26.3%, respectively (p < 0.001). These results parallel those reported in IBD mucosa, strengthening the relevance of dextran sulfate‐induced colitis in mice to IBD and supporting the use of this model to provide insights into the pathogenesis of oxidative mucosal injury and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Retail economics and four essential for retail success

This article is focusing on economics of organized retail sector in India and the authors suggest four essentials things for the success of retail business in India. India's central government announced retail reforms for both multi-brand stores and single-brand stores. Total retail employment in India, both organized and unorganized, account for about 6% of Indian labor work force currently - most of which is unorganized. Accepting this basic view of retail economics, the primary task for a successful retailer is to get the “economics of the box” (store) working. The four basic essentials for retail success suggested by authors are Insight-Driven Enterprise, Agile Supply Chain, A Superior Customer Experience, and Global Information Integrity. The balance of this article delves into each of these four imperatives and outlines how, working in concert, they form the foundation of a transformed economic landscape for forward-thinking retailers.