Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a mouse model of neutropenia and the effect of an anti-candidiasis monoclonal antibody in these animals.

As previously reported, monoclonal antibody (MAb) B6.1 increases resistance to hematogenous disseminated candidiasis in normal and SCID mice. In this study, MAb B6.1 was examined in a mouse model of neutropenia. The neutropenia was induced for a short period of time by a single dose of the anti-neutrophil antibody, MAb RB6-8C5, or for a protracted period by doses of MAb RB6-8C5 every other day. At low doses (< or = 25 microg/mouse), neutrophils were primarily affected, but at high doses (> or = 50 microg/mouse), lymphocytes were also depleted. Mice given either single or multiple doses of MAb RB6-8C5 were more resistant to experimental hematogenous disseminated candidiasis if they received MAb B6.1 before and after challenge with Candida albicans yeast cells intravenously. These results show the utility of MAb RB6-8C5 for induction of a protracted neutropenia in mice and demonstrate that MAb B6.1 can enhance resistance against candidiasis under neutropenic conditions.
Chaos Immune Algorithm and its application to function optimization

This paper combines chaos operator with Immune Algorithm, and advances Chaos Immune Algorithm. In this algorithm, the ergodic property of chaos phenomenon was used to optimize the initial antibody population. Through the clone selection operator, mutation operator and recruited antibody, local optimums were avoided, so the global optimization was obtained. Through the algorithm performance analysis, comparison with the genetic algorithm and its application to multi-peak function optimization, the optimization calculating result shows that Chaos Immune Algorithm can be assured of the global optimal solution, and greatly increase optimization speed.
Effects of GIC on power transformers and power systems

There is some misconception in the electric power industry today that geo - magnetically induced currents (GIC) have caused, and would cause, significant damage to the majority of large and medium power transformers installed on power grids in North America and around the world. The purpose of this paper is to present, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the true effect of GIC on power transformers, based on thorough knowledge of power transformer design and performance. The paper also provides concise explanation of the cases of transformer failure/overheating reported in the published literature to have been caused by GIC currents. The paper demonstrates that, because of the nature of the GIC currents, the great majority of power transformers would not experience much overheating or damage due to even high levels of GIC. Only some specific transformers could suffer some winding damage due to high winding circulating currents if exposed to high levels of GIC. The paper also presents the real issue with GIC; namely, the narrow pulse of the magnetizing current which results from part - cycle, semi - saturation of transformer cores when subjected to high levels of GIC currents. This one current pulse/cycle could cause relays and capacitive components in power systems, such as SVC (s), to trip, which may contribute to grid instability. Also, the current pulse is associated with 2nd and higher order harmonics. As a result, resonance may occur, differential relays may operate, and stability of the grid may be compromised.
Efficacy of motion control shoes for reducing the frequency response of ground reaction forces in fatigued runners

Fatigue along with pronated feet during running are possible risk factors for injuries. Motion control shoes were designed to limit excessive foot motion in runners, but its clinical efficacy has not been well reported. This study investigated the ground reaction force characteristics in novice female runners with pronated feet during running with different footwear before and after fatigue of the lower limb muscles. 22 novice female runners with pronated feet were volunteered to participate in this study. A Kistler force plate and a Vicon three-dimensional motion analysis system were used to record the ground reaction forces and gait pattern of participants, when running with motion control shoes and control shoes before and after fatigue of the lower limb muscles. Results: The results of this study showed that the frequency with a power of 99.5% of in the vertical ground reaction force with the motion control shoes were lower than that control shoes during post-test. the frequency with a power of 99.5% of in the anterior-posterior Center of pressure ground reaction force with the motion control shoes were greater than that motion control shoes during pre-test. the frequency with a power of 99.5% of in the Medio-lateral Center of pressure ground reaction force with the motion control shoes were greater than that control shoes during pre-test. the frequency with a power of 99.5% of in the free moment ground reaction force with the control shoes were greater than that control shoes during post-test.
A meta-analysis of the neuropsychological sequelae of HIV infection

This meta-analysis summarizes the broad spectrum of neuropsychological research on HIV disease across a sample of 41 primary studies and an aggregate of 8,616 participants for 10 major neuropsychological ability areas. Analyses of the course of cognitive decline within and across Centers for Disease Control classifications reveals statistically significant cognitive deficits from asymptomatic HIV to AIDS. Effect sizes (Cohen, 1988) were calculated to reflect between-group (asymptomatic, symptomatic, AIDS) differences in each neuropsychological domain. Relatively small effect sizes were obtained for the asymptomatic (0.05–0.21) patients, and generally small to moderate effect sizes were obtained for symptomatic (0.18–0.65) HIV+ patients, with motor functioning exhibiting the greatest effects in this later disease stage. The most notable deficits in cognitive functioning were found in the AIDS group with moderate (attention and concentration) to large (motor functioning) effect sizes with values ranging from 0.42–0.82. Comparison of cognitive functioning as a function of disease progression revealed that motor functioning, executive skills, and information processing speed were among the cognitive domains showing the greatest decline from early to later stages of HIV. These findings indicate that cognitive deficits in the early stages of HIV are small and increase in the later phases of the illness, and that specific patterns of cognitive deficits can be detected with disease progression. These results and their clinical utility are further discussed. (JINS, 2002, 8, 410–424.)
Conversion of Total Wrist Arthroplasty to Arthrodesis with a Custom-Made Peg

Abstract Conversion of a failed total wrist arthroplasty to arthrodesis can be difficult. A custom-made titanium alloy peg was constructed to enable arthrodesis with the original arthroplasty components in situ. Two out of three patients were especially challenging cases with little bone available. Bony union was achieved in 2 to 3 months. The peg simplified a difficult revision situation and gave good, predictable results at follow-up.
Influence of Edge Exposure on Tree Seedling Species Recruitment in Tropical Rain Forest Fragments1

Abstract Edge creation has a pronounced influence on the understory vegetation, but the effects of edges on seedling species recruitment are still poorly understood. In Central Amazonia, 9–19 years after fragmentation, we recorded species richness and net seedling recruitment rate in 1 ha blocks exposed to none, one, or multiple edges within forest fragments. One-hectare blocks were located in the center (no edge), the edge (one edge), the corners (two edges) of 10 and 100 ha fragments, and in a 1 ha fragment (four edges). In 1991, we counted all tree seedlings 5–100 cm tall found within permanent 1 m2 plots located within the 1 ha blocks. In May 1993, we manually removed all seedlings that were smaller than 1 m tall from the permanent plots. Six years and five months later (October 1999), all new seedlings recruited into the plots were counted and classified into distinct morphospecies. Species richness of recruited seedlings, scaled by total seedling density, declined from the center to the edge, the corner blocks, and then to the 1 ha fragment. Overall, the four-edged, 1 ha fragment had the poorest species richness and the non-edged 100 ha central block the highest. The total number of recruited individuals was 40 percent less than that previously present, with the 100 ha corner having the lowest recruitment. Pairwise comparisons showed that species similarity was related to edge number for the 100 and 1 ha fragments. Species rank/abundance curves showed that a subset of species was common in all blocks within the fragments, and that the 100 ha center held more rare species than any other 1 ha block. This study demonstrated that, in a given fragment patch, the number of tree seedling species recruited varied inversely with the number of edges.
Methylphenidate and desipramine in hospitalized children: I. Separate and combined effects on cognitive function.

OBJECTIVE The separate and combined effects of methylphenidate and desipramine on cognitive function were investigated in 16 psychiatrically hospitalized children with primary, secondary, and mixed features of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and mood disorder. METHOD A double-blind, placebo controlled, crossover design was used to investigate drug effects on vigilance, short-term memory, visual problem solving, and higher-order learning. RESULTS Methylphenidate alone improved vigilance, both drugs positively affected short-term memory and visual problem solving, and combined drugs affected learning of higher-order relationships. CONCLUSIONS Separate and combined drug effects are related to the specific cognitive domain assessed and have implications for neurotransmitter models of action.
Cellular Effects of a New Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor, RPR‐115135, in a Human Isogenic Colon Cancer Cell Line Model System HCT‐116

P. RUSSO,a,d,f C. OTTOBONI,a,d C. FALUGI,b W. REINHOLD,a J.F. RIOU,c S. PARODI,d AND P.M. O’CONNORa,e aLaboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA bDepartment of Developing Biology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy cAnticancer Research Program, Centre de Recherche Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Vitry F-94403, France dLaboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute and Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, University of Genoa, Genoa I-16132, Italy
Chemical and structural stability of 2D layered materials

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have attracted intensive interests in the past decade. Their unique electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical properties render broad applications in various fields. Stability of these ultrathin materials has to be delicately considered because their structures and properties are subject to ambient conditions. In this work, we review the chemical and structural stabilities of versatile 2D layered materials, and summarize the ways to modify the materials for the enhancement of their stabilities. Our review not only provides deep understandings of the stability of 2D materials, but may inspire new ideas to improve the reliability and durability of related devices.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Passiflora edulis (Passifloraceae) and Sphaeranthus indicus (Asteraceae)

The organic extracts of Passiflora edulis and Sphaeranthus indicus were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against clinically important bacteria viz., Escherichia coli MTCC 443, Salmonella typhi MTCC 734, Staphylococus aureus MTCC 737, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Aspergillus flavus, Pencillium restrictum and Trichoderma viride. The in-vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion method. Streptococcus pyogens was the most resistant bacterial strains against the methanol extracts.
On Coloring Rectangular and Diagonal Grid Graphs for Multipatterning and DSA Lithography

Rectangular grid graph (RGG) and diagonal grid graph (DGG) are induced subgraphs of a rectangular or diagonal grid, respectively. Their <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-coloring problem has direct applications in printing contact/via layouts by multipatterning lithography (MPL). However, the problem in general is computationally difficult for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k>2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while it remains an open question on grid graphs due to their regularity and sparsity. On the other hand, directed self-assembly (DSA) technique can work with MPL to optimize the graph by grouping neighboring vertices such that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be reduced, but the problem of deploying the grouping for coloring is even more intractable. In this paper, we study both of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-coloring problems, with and without DSA grouping, on RGG and DGG. Without grouping, a complete <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-coloring analysis is conducted and particularly the NP-completeness of 3-coloring on a diagonal grid is proved. When considering grouping, we present a 3-coloring solution and prove the NP-completeness to solve the problem of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k=2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.
Raman-Based in Situ Monitoring of Changes in Molecular Signatures during Mitochondrially Mediated Apoptosis

Obtaining molecular information from inside cells is an important topic to understand the outcome of molecular interactions between potential drug molecules and biomolecules inside cells. To envision this goal, we investigated the surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based single-cell spectroscopic method to monitor changes in intracellular molecular signatures during mitochondrially mediated apoptosis in real time. Triphenylphosphine-modified gold nanoparticles were localized successfully to the mitochondria and greatly enhanced to obtain the intrinsic Raman scattering spectrum of mitochondria and cytochrome c in the live cell. Photothermally induced apoptosis showed a moderate decrease in the disulfide bond and a sharp increase in β-sheet structures depending on the input-laser power, along with morphological changes. However, chemical drug induced-apoptosis showed more subtle changes in the disulfide bond, as well as changes in Raman peaks corresponding to cytochrome c, and the appearance of a new peak at 1420 cm–1, which enabled us to study the molecular interactions within the mitochondria in real time from a single cell, following treatment with a novel pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor.
Marginal and internal discrepancies related to margin design of ceramic crowns fabricated by a CAD/CAM system.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal discrepancy (MD) and internal discrepancy (ID) of ceramic crowns manufactured by a CAD/CAM system, having different finish lines. The hypotheses tested were that the finish line type would not influence the MD or ID of the crowns, and ID would not change in different regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three aluminum master dies (height: 5.5 mm, Ø: 7.5 mm, conicity: 6°) with different finish lines (TC: tilted chamfer; LC: large chamfer; RS: rounded shoulder) were manufactured. Ten impressions were made from each master die using a modified parallelometer. Impressions were poured in type IV dental stone, and 30 ceramic crowns (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar) were subsequently milled. The crowns were fixed on their respective metallic die using a metallic fixation device. The distance between the external edges of the crown to the edge of the cervical preparation was performed at 50 points on the respective metallic die (MD analysis). With the replica technique, the ID values of each crown were further evaluated at 12 points equidistant to each other in three regions: radius (R), axial (A), and occlusal (Occl). The measurements were performed using an optical microscope (250×). The data (μm) were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). RESULTS The RS group (28.24 ± 11.42 μm) showed significantly lower MD values (p= 0.001) than those of TC (99.92 ± 18.32 μm) and LC (64.71 ± 25.64 μm) groups, both of which also differed statistically from one another. The ID results demonstrated significantly lower values in the LC group (183.01 ± 62.82 μm) (p= 0.0014) than those of TC (216.26 ± 83.23 μm) and RS (219.12 ± 87.24 μm) groups. ID results of TC and RS were not significantly different. Additionally, the ID results showed significant differences among the regions (p= 0.0001). The null hypotheses were rejected. CONCLUSION The RS finish line produced MD values significantly lower than tilted and large chamfer, but large chamfer presented the lowest internal discrepancy values. Independent of the finish line type, internal discrepancy was the lowest in the axial region followed by radius and occlusal regions.
Tubular transverse flux variable reluctance motor in modular construction

A new topology of modular tubular motor is presented. It is a variable reluctance transverse flux machine with no permanent magnets. Firstly its construction is detailed. Some elements of the developed design algorithm are given, too. A sample machine was sized. It was analyzed by means of numeric field computations. The paper also contains a study concerning the influence of several parameters on the behavior of the machine. Finally, some possible applications are discussed.
A wide-band digitally controlled ring oscillator

This paper presents an analysis and design of a digitally controlled ring oscillator with a new band-extension technique to achieve wide-band operation. The proposed technique is based on inclusion of an LC tank to boost the frequency range. Two frequency sub-ranges are covered with the tank on and off respectively, and they jointly constitute a very wide frequency tuning range. Implemented as a building block of a digital frequency synthesizer, the ring oscillator has a measured tuning range of 2.65–6.3 GHz, with power consumption less than 16 mW from a 1.2-V supply. The worst-case measured phase noise at 1-MHz offset is −85 dBc/Hz.
Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme Supporting Decryption Outsourcing and Attribute Revocation in Cloud Storage

Aiming to reduce the user's computational overhead and tackle the attribute revocation issue, an attribute-based encryption scheme supporting decryption outsourcing and attribute revocation is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme outsources some decryption computational tasks to a cloud server such that the computational overhead on the user is simple and constant. We also propose an efficient attribute revocation method which concentrates on the update of the ciphertexts and users' secret keys associated with the corresponding revoked attributes. Moreover, the security analysis indicates that the proposed scheme can resist collusion attacks, and ensure forward and backward secrecy. Experiment results show that our scheme is more efficient compared with other scheme in the literature.
An explanatory study on Indian young consumers' luxury consumption: The underlying relationship of interpersonal influence, brand image, brand consciousness and demographic components with luxury brand purchase decision.

This research project provides a deep comprehension of how interpersonal influence, brand image, brand consciousness and different demographic components are related to Indian young consumers’ luxury brand purchase decision. Young Indian consumers of different gender (male and female) and age groups (18-27 and 28-35) have been considered as samples for this study. Through this research it has been observed that which single factor among interpersonal influence, brand image, brand consciousness is given maximum priority by Indian young consumers while making their selecting a brand or making a luxury brand purchase decision. From the result it has been explored that interpersonal influence has been given maximum priority or considered mostly by respondents compared to brand image and brand consciousness. Different sub-factors of these items have been also found influential in consumers’ decision-making process. From the analysis it has been also deduced that interpersonal influence, brand consciousness, brand image and luxury consumption vary differently across gender and age. In most cases, no significant difference was found within gender and age groups based on interpersonal influence, brand consciousness, brand image and luxury consumption except in one circumstance where a significant difference was found between Indian young male and female consumers based on interpersonal influence.
Cache-Aided Private Information Retrieval with Partially Known Uncoded Prefetching

We consider the problem of private information retrieval (PIR) from 𝒩 non-colluding and replicated databases, when the user is equipped with a cache that holds an uncoded fraction $r$ from each of the $K$ stored messages in the databases. This model operates in a two-phase scheme, namely, the prefetching phase where the user acquires side information and the retrieval phase where the user privately downloads the desired message. In the prefetching phase, the user receives $\frac{r}{N}$ uncoded fraction of each message from the $n$th database. This side information is known only to the $n$th database and unknown to the remaining databases, i.e., the user possesses \emph{partially known} side information. We investigate the optimal normalized download cost $D^*(r)$ as a function of $K$, 𝒩, $r$. For a fixed $K$, 𝒩, we develop an inner bound (converse) and an outer bound (achievability) for the $D^*(r)$ curve. The bounds match in general for the cases of very low caching ratio ($r \leq \frac{1}{N^{K-1}}$) and very high caching ratio ($r \geq \frac{K-2}{N^2-3N+KN}$). As a corollary, we fully characterize the optimal download cost caching ratio tradeoff for $K=3$. For general $K$, 𝒩, and $r$, we show that the largest gap between the achievability and the converse bounds is $\frac{5}{32}$.
Diversity or Identity Crisis? An Examination of Leading IS Journals

Since its founding in the 1960s, the Information Systems (IS) field has been involved in critical debates about the nature and future of the discipline. Many researchers feel that diversity in IS research is our strength; others fear that too much diversity leads to losing the field’s core identity. Do the scholarly contributions of the IS community reveal either of these two phenomena? In order to address this question, we examine articles published in leading IS journals (MISQ, ISR, and JMIS) during the period of 2000 to 2006. Our analysis includes classifying the articles using a classification scheme that includes the consideration of IT artifact, the research methods used, and the research topics covered. We provide descriptive statistics following a content analysis procedure and results based on cluster analysis and association rule mining. Our results provide an update on previous findings on IT artifact and its consideration in IS publications. Our results further suggest that while our leading journals cover a broad range of research topics and methods, there is also evidence of popularity on some topics and research methods.