Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Comparison of Meta‐analysis and Mega‐analysis of Individual Participant Data for Identifying Gene‐Environment Interactions

For analysis of the main effects of SNPs, meta‐analysis of summary results from individual studies has been shown to provide comparable results as “mega‐analysis” that jointly analyzes the pooled participant data from the available studies. This fact revolutionized the genetic analysis of complex traits through large GWAS consortia. Investigations of gene‐environment (G×E) interactions are on the rise since they can potentially explain a part of the missing heritability and identify individuals at high risk for disease. However, for analysis of gene‐environment interactions, it is not known whether these methods yield comparable results. In this empirical study, we report that the results from both methods were largely consistent for all four tests; the standard 1 degree of freedom (df) test of main effect only, the 1 df test of the main effect (in the presence of interaction effect), the 1 df test of the interaction effect, and the joint 2 df test of main and interaction effects. They provided similar effect size and standard error estimates, leading to comparable P‐values. The genomic inflation factors and the number of SNPs with various thresholds were also comparable between the two approaches. Mega‐analysis is not always feasible especially in very large and diverse consortia since pooling of raw data may be limited by the terms of the informed consent. Our study illustrates that meta‐analysis can be an effective approach also for identifying interactions. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating meta‐versus mega‐analyses for interactions.
E-Service Quality Analysis for Video Players and Editor App Using Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling

Media-sharing networks represent a category of social media platforms that facilitate the dissemination of visual content, particularly videos. The growing importance of video-sharing within the context of user feedback is becoming increasingly evident for organizations, as it offers a highly engaging and immersive experience for viewers. The utilization of videos has become a pervasive medium for social media and communication. This study uses TikTok and YouTube, both prominent video-sharing, to identify the essential future improvements of video-sharing platforms through the analysis of user reviews, employing sentiment analysis and topic modeling techniques. We utilize Naive Bayes classification by initially preprocessing 21,365 reviews and divided into seven categories based on the dimensions of electronic service quality: efficiency, fulfillment, system availability, privacy, responsiveness, compensation, and contact. The accuracy percentages yielded 75.56% and 80.33% for YouTube and TikTok, respectively, showcasing commendable performance in assessing the quality of both platforms. Sentiment analysis identified that both Y ouTube and TikTok have a higher prevalence of negative sentiment. We emphasize three dimensions that garner significant attention when comparing YouTube and TikTok: system availability, fulfillment, and efficiency. The conclusion underscores the satisfactory results obtained from the Naive Bayes classification performance.
Metamorphers: storytelling templates for illustrative animated transitions in molecular visualization

In molecular biology, illustrative animations are used to convey complex biological phenomena to broad audiences. However, such animations have to be manually authored in 3D modeling software, a time consuming task that has to be repeated from scratch for every new data set, and requires a high level of expertise in illustration, animation, and biology. We therefore propose metamorphers: a set of operations for defining animation states as well as the transitions to them in the form of re-usable storytelling templates. The re-usability is two-fold. Firstly, due to their modular nature, metamorphers can be re-used in different combinations to create a wide range of animations. Secondly, due to their abstract nature, metamorphers can be re-used to re-create an intended animation for a wide range of compatible data sets. Metamorphers thereby mask the low-level complexity of explicit animation specifications by exploiting the inherent properties of the molecular data, such as the position, size, and hierarchy level of a semantic data subset. We demonstrate the re-usability of our technique based on the authoring and application of two animation use-cases to three molecular data sets.
The Quick Mood Scale: development of a simple mood assessment scale for clinical pharmacology studies

This paper describes the initial steps in the development and validation of a mood scale designed specifically for use in clinical pharmacology studies. The Quick Mood Scale is a 12‐item category scale which gives information on six factors of importance in the assessment of drug effects on the central nervous system (drowsiness, anxiety, depression, aggression, confusion and lack of coordination). In the first study normative data were obtained from administering the questionnaire by post to over 300 healthy subjects, from whom 261 valid responses were received. Respondents were also asked to complete the bipolar form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS). In the second study the test–retest reliabilities of items from the Quick Mood Scale and POMS were assessed in 32 healthy subjects tested at baseline, after 1 h, 24 h and 1 week. It was concluded that the Quick Mood Scale is potentially suitable for the assessment of drug effects in clinical pharmacology studies. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pre-crime and post-criminology?

Conventionally, crime is regarded principally as harm or wrong and the dominant ordering practices arise post hoc. In the emerging pre-crime society, crime is conceived essentially as risk or potential loss, ordering practices are pre-emptive and security is a commodity sold for profit. Though this dichotomy oversimplifies a more complex set of changes, it captures an important temporal shift. As the intellectual offspring of the post-crime society, criminology must adapt to meet the challenges of pre-crime and security. This article examines the key features a theory of security needs to encompass. It explores the immanent capacities of criminology for change and suggests exterior intellectual resources upon which it might draw. It concludes that the pre-crime society need not be a post-criminological one.
Physiological interpretations based on lumped element models fit to respiratory impedance data: use of forward-inverse modeling

Respiratory impedance (Z/sub rs/) data at lower (<4 Hz) and higher (>32 Hz) frequencies require more complicated inverse models than the standard series combination of a respiratory resistance, inertance, and compliance. A forward-inverse modeling approach was used to provide insight on how the parameters in these more complicated inverse models reflect the true physiological system. Forward models are set up to incorporate explicit physiological and anatomical detail. Simulated forward data are then fit with identifiable inverse models and the parameter estimates related to the known detail in the forward model. It is shown that inverse fitting of low-frequency data alone will not allow a distinction between frequency dependence due to airway inhomogeneities and frequency dependence due to tissue viscoelasticity. With higher frequency data, a forward model based on an asymmetric branching airways network was used to simulate Z/sub rs/ from 0.1-128 Hz with increasing amounts of nonuniform peripheral airway obstruction. Hence, inverse modeling is more amenable to sensibly separating estimates of airway and tissue properties. <<ETX>>
Critical path minimized raster scan hardware architecture for computation of the Generalized Hough Transform

The Generalized Hough Transform (GHT) is a well known image processing transform to find arbitrary shapes in images. We propose a new raster scan FPGA and VSLI hardware architecture, performing the GHT of a binary template shape with an input image. The architecture has a minimized critical path by the reuse of partial results and the utilization of a flat adder structure. A synchronous pixel pipeline for input image row buffering enables parallel read and write access of the partial results. By this, the architecture's critical path and hence the maximum clock frequency is independent of the template size, content and number of valid pixels in the template. The architecture was implemented on a Xilinx Virtex 5 FPGA device. The design reaches a pixel clock of more than 580 MHz at an exemplary image size of 512×512 pixels and a template size of 64×64 pixels.
Elastin Stabilizes an Infarct and Preserves Ventricular Function

Background—After a myocardial infarction, the injured region becomes fibrotic and the myocardial scar may expand if the ventricular wall lacks elasticity. Cardiac dilatation may precipitate the vicious cycle of progressive heart failure. The present study evaluated the functional benefits of increasing elastin within a myocardial scar using cell based gene therapy. Methods and Results—A myocardial infarction was generated by ligation of the left anterior descending artery in rats. Six days later, 2×106 syngeneic rat endothelial cells transfected with the rat elastin gene (elastin group, n=14) or an empty plasmid (control group, n=14) were transplanted into the infarct scar. Cardiac function, left ventricular (LV) volume, and infarct size were monitored over 3 months by echocardiography, Langendorff measurements, and planimetry. Elastin deposition was evaluated in the cells and in the infarct region by Western blot assay and by histological examination. Recombinant elastin was found in the scar in the elastin group but not the control group during the 3 months after cell transplantation. Histological assessment demonstrated organized elastic fibers within the infarct region. LV volume and infarct size were significantly smaller (P<0.05) in the elastin group than in the control group. Cardiac function evaluated by echocardiography and during Langendorff perfusion was significantly better (P<0.05) in the elastin group than in the control group. Conclusions—Expressing recombinant elastin within the myocardial scar reduced scar expansion and prevented LV enlargement after a myocardial infarction. Altering matrix remodeling after an infarct preserved the LV function for at least 3 months.
Methodological Advances in the Analysis of Individual Growth With Relevance to Education Policy

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how recent methodological developments in the analysis of individual growth can inform important problems in education policy. Specifically, this article focuses on a method referred to as growth mixture modeling. Growth mixture modeling is a relatively new procedure for the analysis of longitudinal data that relaxes many of the assumptions associated with conventional growth curve modeling. In particular, growth mixture modeling tests for the existence of unique growth trajectory classes through a combination of latent class analysis and standard growth curve modeling. Antecedent predictors of the latent classes can be incorporated as well as relations from the latent classes to specific outcomes. This article applies growth mixture modeling to data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten class of 1998-1999. The specific policy question posed in this article focuses on the estimation of latent growth trajectory classes in reading proficiency and the effects of full-day or part-day kindergarten programs on growth within reading trajectory classes. Results identify a 3-class solution corresponding to slow-developing, normal-developing, and fast-developing reading growth in children. The results further show that full-day kindergarten attendance benefits children in the slow-reading development class relative to the normal and fast-reading development class, but the effect is lessened when holding constant socioeconomic status and age of entry into kindergarten. The implications of the method for quantitative education policy analysis are also discussed.
TELLTALE: Experiments in a Dynamic Hypertext Environment for Degraded and Multilingual Data

Methods and tools for finding documents relevant to a user's needs in document corpora can be found in the information retrieval, library science, and hypertext communities. Typically, these systems provide retrieval capabilities for fairly static corpora, their algorithms are dependent on the language for which they are written, e.g. English, and they do not perform well when presented with misspelled words or text that has been degraded by OCR (optical character recognition) techniques. In this article, we present experimentation results for the TELLTALE system. TELLTALE is a dynamic hypertext environment that provides full-text search from a hypertext-style user interface for text corpora that may be garbled by OCR or transmission errors, and that may contain languages other than English. TELLTALE uses several techniques based on n-grams (n character sequences of text). With these results we show that the dynamic linkage mechanisms in TELLTALE are tolerant of garbles in up to 30% of the characters in the body of the text.
A Perceptually Driven Model for Transmission of Arbitrary 3D Models over Unreliable Networks

3D transmission over unreliable networks needs to take into account the possibility of packet loss. In this work we describe a perceptually motivated strategy for joint transmission of texture and mesh over unreliable networks. The approach is described initially considering regular mesh structure, to show the utility of optimizing the texture-mesh tradeoff. In order to generalize our approach to arbitrary meshes we consider stripification of the mesh, combined with a strategy that does not need texture or vertex packets to be re-transmitted. Only the valence (connectivity) packets need to be re-transmitted; however, storage of valence information requires only 10% space compared to vertices and even less compared to photo-realistic texture. Thus, only less than 5% of the packets may need to be re-transmitted in the worst case to allow our algorithm to successfully reconstruct an acceptable object under severe packet loss. Results showing the implementation of the proposed approach are described.
Beyond Fugitive Speech: Rumor and Affect in Caribbean History

This essay argues for the utility of fugitive speech forms as primary sources for Caribbean historical research. It seeks to shift the discussion from forms such as autobiography and the memoir to more ephemeral speech forms such as hearsay, rumor, and gossip on the grounds that peripheral genres enable a glimpse of subaltern agency that often evades public discourse. The essay argues that unsanctioned speech forms get us closer to everyday experience, offer a more processual understanding of the unfolding of events, and enable a glimpse at embedded affect that is often occluded from view. It thus follows James Scott’s call for research on “hidden transcripts,” including gossip, sorcery, and spirit possession as well as other anonymous speech genres that may reveal a critique of domination, an approach with particular salience for the Caribbean, a region deeply shaped by colonial biopower.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Appropriateness of Cholecystectomy

Ojbective:To evaluate the relationship among appropriateness of the use of cholecystectomy and outcomes. Summary Background Data:The use of cholecystectomy varies widely across regions and countries. Explicit appropriateness criteria may help identify suitable candidates for this commonly performed procedure. This study evaluates the relationship among appropriateness of the use of cholecystectomy and outcomes. Methods:Prospective observational study in 6 public hospitals in Spain of all consecutive patients on waiting lists to undergo cholecystectomy for nonmalignant disease. Explicit appropriateness criteria for the use of cholecystectomy were developed by a panel of experts using the RAND appropriateness methodology and applied to recruited patients. Patients were asked to complete 2 questionnaires that measure health-related quality of life—the Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI)—before the intervention and 3 months after it. Results:Patients judged as being appropriate candidates for cholecystectomy, using the panel's explicit appropriateness criteria, had greater improvements in the bodily pain, vitality, and social function domains of the SF-36 than those judged to be inappropriate candidates. They also demonstrated improvements in the GIQLI's physical impairment domain. Interventions judged as inappropriate were performed primarily among patients without symptoms of cholelithiasis. Those asymptomatic had a lower improvement in the bodily pain, social functioning, and physical summary scale of the SF-36 and in the symptomatology, physical impairment, and total score domains of the GIQLI. Conclusions:These results suggest a direct relationship between the application of explicit appropriateness criteria and better outcomes, as measured by health-related quality of life. They also indicate that patients without symptoms are not good candidates for cholecystectomy.
Integrated Transmitting Phased-array and Receiving Digital Array for Chip-based mmWave Radar

In this paper, a mmWave frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar in V-band is developed, with transmitting phased array and receiving digital array. Based on four-chip cascaded radar system, 12 TX are placed as a 1-D phased-array and 16 RX are placed as a 4$\times $ 4 digital array. In order to expand the array aperture and achieve higher angular resolution, the receiving antenna is spaced at 6$\lambda$ intervals in azimuth direction. The radar uses the phased array transmitting antenna whose main lobe width of the antenna is narrower than the ambiguity range of the receiving array in azimuth direction, thus avoiding angle ambiguity. The main lobe beam width of phased-array is 2.1°. The main lobe beam width of digital array in azimuth and elevation direction are 1.1° and 4.4°. The measured results show good accordance to those of the simulation.
Chinese child-rearing beliefs: Key dimensions and contributions to the development of culture-appropriate assessment

Socio-cultural perspectives explain inconsistency in Chinese child-rearing research when imported methods and concepts are applied. We sought to elucidate child-rearing belief constructs relevant to Chinese contexts. Exploratory factor analysis identified items representing child-rearing concepts both imported and indigenous to Chinese culture and forming four dimensions: Training, Shame, Authoritative, and Autonomy. Data from parents of preschool-aged children in Hong Kong (N = 228) and Taiwan (N = 213) were subject to confirmatory factor and scale internal consistency analyses. Results support the conceptual and psychometric coherence of each subscale. Discussion of findings focuses on the benefits of culturally responsive methodology and the potential utility of the scales in child-rearing research with Chinese and other Confucian cultural populations.
Predicting Methamphetamine Use of Homeless Youths Attending High School: Comparison of Decision Rules and Logistic Regression Classification Algorithms

Methamphetamine use among homeless youths is an increasing problem. School officials and social work practitioners are presented with a classification problem in determining which youth are or are not using methamphetamines. The purpose of this study is to adopt a machine-learning approach to address this type of classification problem and to compare 2 models (decision rules and logistic regression) for classifying cases into methamphetamine users and nonusers. The selection of predictors in our models was guided by the risk and resilience framework. Logistic regression and decision rules analyses are used to test the models with a subset of data for 2,146 homeless youth who attend high school that was obtained from the 2007–08 California Healthy Kids Survey dataset. Results of logistic regression suggest methamphetamine use is associated with cigarette and marijuana use, having consumed alcohol, and being truant more than once per week. Results of decision rules analysis suggest a youth’s being classified as a methamphetamine user depends on whether the youth has tried marijuana at least once and whether the youth has been truant more than once per week. Moreover, classification as a methamphetamine user also depends on whether a youth has tried marijuana at least once, has not been truant more than once per week, and has tried cigarettes at least once. The logistic regression and decision rules models produce similar—but not identical—results. Our findings highlight the utility of decision rules models as a complement to logistic regression when classification is the goal of a study. Such models can be used to guide social work practice decisions in making informed predictions about client outcomes.
A switchable frequency selective surface based on a modified Jerusalem-cross unit cell

This paper presents a switchable frequency selective surface (FSS) based on a modified Jerusalem-cross (JC) unit cell. To make it switchable, various combinations of switches have been considered and the corresponding FSS behavior has been analyzed. It was found that the pass bands can be changed by turning switches ON or OFF appropriately. For example, a single pass band can be achieved at a lower frequency of 2.45 GHz or at a higher frequency of 5 GHz. Results also demonstrate that dual or triple pass bands can also be achieved by selecting other switch combinations. It is noted that for several switch combinations the lower band has a stable resonance frequency while the higher band has a variable resonance frequency.
Monomer–dimer dynamics and distribution of GPI-anchored uPAR are determined by cell surface protein assemblies

To search for functional links between glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) protein monomer–oligomer exchange and membrane dynamics and confinement, we studied urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor (uPAR), a GPI receptor involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Using a functionally active fluorescent protein–uPAR in live cells, we analyzed the effect that extracellular matrix proteins and uPAR ligands have on uPAR dynamics and dimerization at the cell membrane. Vitronectin directs the recruitment of dimers and slows down the diffusion of the receptors at the basal membrane. The commitment to uPA–plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1–mediated endocytosis and recycling modifies uPAR diffusion and induces an exchange between uPAR monomers and dimers. This exchange is fully reversible. The data demonstrate that cell surface protein assemblies are important in regulating the dynamics and localization of uPAR at the cell membrane and the exchange of monomers and dimers. These results also provide a strong rationale for dynamic studies of GPI-anchored molecules in live cells at steady state and in the absence of cross-linker/clustering agents.
The Transfer of Laboratory Training

The use of human relations training to teach personal and interpersonal dynamics has spread widely in the past two decades. Such disciplines as education, social work, law, and medicine have borrowed heavily from the laboratory approach to train their professionals in leadership, decisionmaking, and problem-solving skills. Industry has also made large financial and manpower commitments to laboratory training. In fact, firms throughout the world have adopted this method of human relations training as a large part of their management and organizational development programs (McKonnel, 1971). One question that has been continually asked during the burgeoning expansion of laboratory education is that of the transfer of training: specifically, can what is learned in the