Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Academic Achievement of Learners in International Primary Schools in Mombasa (Kenya) and Kampala (Uganda): A Comparative Study

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent disorders among school-going children. The aim of this study was to compare academic achievement of learners with and without ADHD in international primary schools of Mombasa (Kenya) and Kampala (Uganda). A comparative study was conducted among 377 respondents using Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scale Questionnaire (SNAP-IV) which assessed the three ADHD subtypes in form of a closed-ended questionnaire. Results revealed that learners with ADHD had low overall academic achievement compared to those without ADHD in Mombasa (p <.001) and Kampala, (p <.001). Boys with ADHD in Mombasa had better grades than girls (M = 168.51, SD = 32.50 vs. M = 160.00, SD = 39.07) while girls with ADHD in Kampala had better grades than boys (M = 103.50, SD = 24.77 vs. M = 93.45, SD = 24.71). Learners with ADHD Inattentive subtype were greatly impaired compared to those with ADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive and Combined subtypes in both cities. ADHD significantly predicted academic achievement with higher variability in Kampala (55%) than Mombasa (10%). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder has a negative impact on academic achievement of learners with the condition. The study recommended integration of ADHD screening in school health services to enable early detection and management of the condition.
Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Literacy Research Output: A Global Perspective

The study aimed to assess theDigital Literacy research output during the period of 1992-2011.The web of science database has used to retrieve records related to digital literacy research.The bibliographic citation retrieved data are analyzed using theHistcite Software application. Based on the retrieved data, digital literacy research publication is analyzed and interpreted. The performance of the most productivity countries, authors, journals,language-wise, Institution –wise, keyword wise and citation reference is analyzed.Relative Growth rate and doubling time have assessed. The performance of the most productivity countries and the highest number of articles are published in the form of total articles that covers 512 records. The maximum number of papers 126 is published in the year 2011. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy journal placed in the first position with 18 records.
Evaluating treatment outcomes for young people participating in a high‐intensity therapeutic violence intervention in the English Youth Custody Service

Methods. Participants (N = 21, starting age = 16–17 years) were convicted of a violent offence and had a history of custodial and or community violence. Preand postintervention comparisons were of risk for future violence as measured by the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY; Borum et al., 2006, Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY). Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.) and treatment-related change on self-report questionnaires. Sanctions for further aggression in custody or following release were recorded at 12 and 24 months postintervention.
The Dynamic Relation between Technology Adoption, Technology Innovation, Human Capital and Economy: Comparison of Lower-Middle-Income Countries

The advent of technologies has stimulated the economic growth of western countries, however, some Asian and African countries are among the Lower Middle Income Countries due to lack of technology adoption and digitally skilled human capital. The use of technologies produces digital competent human capital stock that accelerates economic growth. The prime goal of this article is to explore dynamics of technology adoption, technology innovation, human capital and skill development for Lower Middle Income Countries region over the period 2000-2016 by Generalised Method of Moments and cross sectional dependence. New technology adoption, technology innovation and human capital & skill development indices are formulated. The empirical findings indicate that human capital development & skill and investment have positive linkage with Lower Middle Income Countries economic growth while technology adoption and innovation have different linkage across the Lower Middle Income Countries regions. The panel error correction method was applied to estimate short run dynamics and convergence rate. The fully modified ordinary least square was applied to authenticate whether the long run estimates are consistent and valid for policy implications. The findings propose policy implications for advance technology adoption and innovation with the focus on human capital development & skill and investment in Lower Middle Income Countries region.
Differential Involvement of NMDA, AMPA/Kainate, and Dopamine Receptors in the Nucleus Accumbens Core in the Acquisition and Performance of Pavlovian Approach Behavior

Stimuli paired with primary rewards can acquire emotional valence and the ability to elicit automatic, Pavlovian approach responses that have been shown to be mediated by the nucleus accumbens. The present experiment investigated the effects of infusions of glutamatergic or dopaminergic receptor antagonists into the core of the nucleus accumbens on the acquisition and performance of Pavlovian discriminated approach to an appetitive conditioned stimulus. Rats were trained on an autoshaping task in which a conditioned stimulus (CS+; a lever) was inserted into the operant chamber for 10 sec, after which a food pellet was delivered. Presentation of another lever (CS−) was never followed by food. Subjects developed a conditioned response of approaching and contacting the CS+ selectively, although food delivery was not in any way contingent on the animals' response. A triple dissociation in the effects of AP-5, LY293558 [(3SR, 4aRS, 6RS, 8aRS)-6-[2-(iH-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl]-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-decahydroiso-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid], and α-flupenthixol infused into the nucleus accumbens core on the acquisition and performance of this conditioned response was observed. The AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist LY293558 disrupted discriminated approach performance but not acquisition, as evidenced by increased approaches to the CS−. In contrast, the NMDA receptor antagonist AP-5 impaired only the acquisition, but not performance, of autoshaping whereas the dopamine D1/D2 receptor antagonist α-flupenthixol decreased approaches to the CS+ during both acquisition and performance. The data are discussed with reference to dissociable interactions of these receptor types with limbic cortical and dopaminergic afferents to the nucleus accumbens core during the acquisition and expression of Pavlovian conditioned approach.
HPB SMT of FRDC Assisted by Paraphrasing for the NTCIR-9 PatentMT

This paper describes the FRDC machine translation system for the NTCIR-9 PatentMT. The FRDC system JIANZHEN is a hierarchical phrase-based (HPB) translation system. We participated in all the three subtasks, i.e., Chinese to English, Japanese to English and English to Japanese. In this paper, we introduce a novel paraphrasing mechanism to handle a certain kind of Chinese sentences whose syntactic component are far separated. The paraphrasing approach based on the manual templates moves far-separated syntactic components closer so that the translation could become more acceptable. In addition, we single parentheses out for special treatment for all the three languages.
Spam Filtering Using K -nn

This project performs a survey on the current spam filtering techniques, explores the use of k-Nearest-Neighbor algorithm as the basis for personalized spam filters. Several other classifiers such as Naive Bayesian classifier, Random Forest Tree, and Heuristic rules are combined to construct hybrid spam filtering systems to, if possible, improve the performance of classification. At the same time, heavy experiments are performed in preprocessing steps to compare their impacts on the same algorithm and the results are reported. Finally, this project participates spam filtering using k-NN algorithm. INTRODUCTION According to www.dictionary. com, spam is " unsolicited e-mail, often of a commercial nature, sent indiscriminately to multiple mailing lists, individuals, or newsgroups ". Legitimate email, also called ham, on the opposite, is the email we want. It is reported that the first spam appeared in 1970s.Nowadays, spam is a problem for everyone with e-mail. Spam Cop, a web site to help users to report spam, estimated that between 60 and 80% of all emails is spam. There are hundreds of millions of spam per week and the number is still growing constantly. It is inconvenient and time-consuming to read and delete spam manually. Spammers bear little or no cost for distribution, yet normal receivers are forced to spend substantial time and effort deleting unwanted emails from their mailboxes. Fortunately, help has arrived. In the recent past, a large number of freely available software helps users to filter out annoying emails in a considerably good performance. Such software is called spam filter. The following section introduces the typical use of a spam filter, a categorization of spam filters, and a unified model of spam filtration.
Robust Sequential Approximate Bayesian Estimation

SUMMARY An approximation to the sequential updating of the distribution of location parameters of a linear time series model is developed for non-normal observations. The behaviour of the resulting non-linear recursive filtering algorithm is examined and shown to have certain desirable properties for a variety of non-normal error distributions. Illustrative examples are given and relationships with previous work on robustness and sequential estimation are mentioned. WE consider here the problem of sequential estimation of the location vector of a linear time series model, termed the Dynamic Linear Model by Harrison and Stevens (1976). The straightforward, exact analysis obtained by assuming normal error and prior structure is generally lost when alternative error distributions are adopted, and yet considerations of realism or robustness may strongly suggest such non-normal assumptions. The multi-state model of Harrison and Stevens provides an approximate analysis based on a discrete variance mixture of normal distributions, an approach which has been extensively investigated in the engineering literature under the name of Gaussian Sum approximations; see, for example, Alspach and Sorenson (1971). Our aim in this paper is to provide an approximate, tractible, recursive updating procedure for the location parameters, which is applicable to a wide range of symmetric, unimodal error distributions and is both more realistic and more elegant than the discrete Gaussian Sum approach. In particular, for heavy-tailed distributions our procedures provide approximate Bayesian methods for time series analysis which extend considerably the work of Masreliez and Martin (1977) and have close connections with classical robustness ideas such as M-estimation and influence functions.
A REVIEW OF REYNOLDS STRESS MODELS FOR TURBULENT SHEAR FLOWS

A detailed review of recent developments in Reynolds stress modeling for incompressible turbulent shear flows is provided. The mathematical foundations of both two-equation models and full second-order closures are explored in depth. It is shown how these models can be systematically derived for two-dimensional mean turbulent flows that are close to equilibrium. A variety of examples are provided to demonstrate how well properly calibrated versions of these models perform for such flows. However, substantial problems remain for the description of more complex turbulent flows where there are large departures from equilibrium. Recent efforts to extend Reynolds stress models to non-equilibrium turbulent flows are discussed briefly along with the major modeling issues relevant to practical Naval Hydrodynamics applications.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and Energy-Sensing in the Brain

5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved cellular and organismal energy integrator that responds to numerous stimuli with the overall intention to facilitate energy conservation and enhance energy balance while also affecting cellular survival and behaviors. AMPK has been appreciated for many years to function in peripheral organs that contribute to the generation or disposition of cellular energy, while its role in the brain has been only recently elucidated. While acknowledged to respond to organismal energy balance, we now recognize that energy balance within neurons also affects the brain's response to these peripheral signals. In this review, we discuss AMPK's regulation and its ever-expanding role as a neuronal energy integrator at both the cellular and systems levels.
Practical on-line near-duplicate detection for web video

This paper proposes an alternative point of view on the use of ordinal measures to detect near-duplicate web videos. Ordinal measure fingerprints are first extracted in the core area of videos, and ordinal measures are fast matched based on Transformation distance, and then an asymmetric technique is used to obtain the longest same sub-sequence and detect video copies. Experimental results show that the method has good robustness and distinctiveness.
Combining Data Mining Technique and Users ' Relevance Opinion to Build an Efficient Recommender System

The huge amount of information on the Internet creates a problem for the user s – information overload. For this reason, finding the worthwhile information is becoming a challenge. To aid users a new approach based on Recommender System. This type of system appli s information filtering in order to recommend items to a user based on t he user's profile and historical consumption. Recommender Systems present some difficulties : (i) u er overspecialization and (ii) the new user problem. The main contribution of thi s paper is the description of a Framework to discover new knowledge based on a data mining tech ique and user's relevance opinion. This knowledge is represented as a set of rules in a knowledge base, which has been used to address the difficulties cited before and to help in the information filtering process. This paper reports on work, which is part of the W -RECMAS (a Recommender System to Web based on Multi-Agent System for academic paper recommendation) project.
Design and motion control of a spherical robot with stereovision

Despite of many works being conducted on spherical robots in recent years, there are few practical applications. Existing spherical robots still have many drawbacks, such as weak capability of environmental perception and low precision of motion control. This paper presents a spherical robot carrying a binocular stereovision, referred to as Visionbot. The robot aims to use stereovision to enhance the environmental perception of spherical robots, thus reducing cumulative errors caused by sliding, mechanical clearance and model error. The mechanical structure of Visionbot is introduced. Under reasonable assumptions, simplified dynamic model is developed by using constrained general Lagrangian formulation. Then, we can decouple linear and steering motions of the robot by linearization. A motion control system with visual feedback for Visionbot is proposed. Effects of the mass of pendulum and time delay caused by visual feedback on motion control of Visionbot are studied by simulations. Simulation results validate the feasibility of the system design. The work presented here is a step towards the overall goal of an autonomous spherical robot.
pRb-Dependent Cyclin D3 Protein Stabilization Is Required for Myogenic Differentiation

ABSTRACT The expression of retinoblastoma (pRb) and cyclin D3 proteins is highly induced during the process of skeletal myoblast differentiation. We have previously shown that cyclin D3 is nearly totally associated with hypophosphorylated pRb in differentiated myotubes, whereas Rb−/− myocytes fail to accumulate the cyclin D3 protein despite normal induction of cyclin D3 mRNA. Here we report that pRb promotes cyclin D3 protein accumulation in differentiating myoblasts by preventing cyclin D3 degradation. We show that cyclin D3 displays rapid turnover in proliferating myoblasts, which is positively regulated through glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β)-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin D3 on Thr-283. We describe a novel interaction between pRb and cyclin D3 that maps to the C terminus of pRb and to a region of cyclin D3 proximal to the Thr-283 residue and provide evidence that the pRb-cyclin D3 complex formation in terminally differentiated myotubes hinders the access of GSK-3β to cyclin D3, thus inhibiting Thr-283 phosphorylation. Interestingly, we observed that the ectopic expression of a stabilized cyclin D3 mutant in C2 myoblasts enhances muscle-specific gene expression; conversely, cyclin D3-null embryonic fibroblasts display impaired MyoD-induced myogenic differentiation. These results indicate that the pRb-dependent accumulation of cyclin D3 is functionally relevant to the process of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.
Boosted Binary Audio Fingerprint Based on Spectral Subband Moments

An audio fingerprinting system identifies an audio based on a unique feature vector called the audio fingerprint. The performance of an audio fingerprinting system is directly related to the fingerprint that the system uses. To reduce both the DB size and the DB search time, binary fingerprints are often used. However converting a real-valued fingerprint into a binary fingerprint results in loss of information and leads to severe degradation in performance. In this paper, an algorithm known as boosting is used as a binary conversion method which minimizes the degradation. The experimental results showed that the proposed binary audio fingerprint obtained by boosting the spectral subband moments outperformed some of the state-of-the-art binary audio fingerprints in the context of both robustness and pair-wise independence (reliability).
Development of a biologically inspired hopping robot-"Kenken"

As many biomechanists indicate, a tendon plays an important role in running or jumping motions. It stores the kinetic energy as a potential energy during stance and also absorbs the impulse at touch down. Inspired by such biomechanical studies, we propose a simple mechanical model for the hindlimb of a dog to realize a robot that imitates a dog running, and the hardware design of a one-legged running robot, "Kenken". The robot has an articulated leg and uses two hydraulic actuators as muscles and a tensile spring as a tendon. The spring being attached like the gastrocnemius or plantaris enables the robot to produce sufficient propulsion force by virtue of the "energy transfer" from the knee, even if there is no actuator at the ankle joint. Using an empirical controller based on the characteristic dynamics of the model, the robot has succeeded in planar one-legged hopping. Although the problem related to the stability at higher speeds remains, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hindlimb mechanism is effective for legged running.
THE MEDIA CONSTRUCTION OF ANTI-IMMIGRATION POSITIONS: THE DISCOURSE ON THE ROMANIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE BRITISH PRESS

This paper looks at how the British press frames the issue of Romanian immigrants in Great Britain, in the context of the freedom of movement for workers in the UK. The study insists on the frames employed by the British journalists in constructing anti-immigration discourses in the newspapers. In doing so, it focuses on the stereotypes about Romanian people employed in quality and tabloid newspapers (“beggars”, “murderers”, “criminals”, “fraudsters”, “corrupt”) and on how they affect Romania’s image overseas. By using a mixed research approach, i.e. by combining framing analysis (Entman, 1993) with the critical discourse analysis, this article investigates 271 news items out of three of the most read newspapers in UK (The Guardian, Daily Mail and The Independent), which were published online during January 2013–March 2014. As a conclusion, the results show that the British press uses frames such as economic, political, and also pertaining to employment and national security in the coverage of Romanian immigration. The media also infer the polarization between “Us” (the British citizens) and “Them” (the Romanian migrants).
The multi-scale covariance descriptor: Performances analysis in human detection

This paper presents a study on human detection using the multi-scale covariance descriptor (MSCOV) proposed in a previous work [1] in which we showed the performance of this descriptor for human re-identification. In this work, we evaluate its performance in human detection. We propose a fast tree based method for multi-scale features covariance computation. This method considerably speed up the image scan process for fast object detection. Furthermore, we experimentally evaluate the human detection performance using region covariance descriptor (COV), multi-scale covariance descriptor (MSCOV) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG). In term of classifier, we consider the popular Support Vector Machines (SVM). The experiments are performed on both benchmarking datasets INRIA and MIT CBCL. Experiments on both datasets show the high detection performance of the MSCOV based detector.
Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Comparison of Nmr and Crystal Structures Highlights Conformational Isomerism in Protein Active Sites

The JCSG has recently developed a protocol for systematic comparisons of high-quality crystal and NMR structures of proteins. In this paper, the extent to which this approach can provide function-related information on the two functionally annotated proteins TM1081, a Thermotoga maritima anti-factor antagonist, and A2LD1 (gi:13879369), a mouse-glutamylamine cyclotransferase, is explored. The NMR structures of the two proteins have been determined in solution at 313 and 298 K, respectively, using the current JCSG protocol based on the software package UNIO for extensive automation. The corresponding crystal structures were solved by the JCSG at 100 K and 1.6 A ˚ resolution and at 100 K and 1.9 A ˚ resolution, respectively. The NMR and crystal structures of the two proteins share the same overall molecular architectures. However, the precision of the structure determination along the amino-acid sequence varies over a significantly wider range in the NMR structures than in the crystal structures. Thereby, in each of the two NMR structures about 65% of the residues have displacements below the average and in both proteins the less well ordered residues include large parts of the active sites, in addition to some highly solvent-exposed surface areas. Whereas the latter show increased disorder in the crystal and in solution, the active-site regions display increased displacements only in the NMR structures, where they undergo local conformational exchange on the millisecond time scale that appears to be frozen in the crystals. These observations suggest that a search for molecular regions showing increased structural disorder and slow dynamic processes in solution while being well ordered in the corresponding crystal structure might be a valid initial step in the challenge of identifying putative active sites in functionally unannotated proteins with known three-dimensional structure.