Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fetal cardiac tumors: prenatal diagnosis and outcomes

Fetal cardiac tumors are rare conditions and their incidence ranges from 0.08% to 0.2%[1]. However, this percentage during fetal life may be underestimated, given that regression commonly occurs. It should also be noted that atrial tumors may be small or, when located in the septum or ventricular cavity, often mimic an echogenic focus (golf ball sign), thus leading to difficulty in recognizing them through ultrasonographic screening[2]. Among the various histological types, the three commonest types in fetuses, newborns and children are firstly rhabdomyoma (60%) and then teratomas (25%) and fibromas (12%)[1,3,4]. These histological types are benign tumors, since malignant types are extremely rare in fetuses[4]. Rhabdomyomas are the commonest subtypes and present as homogenous hyperechogenic masses that are generally multiple, with variable sizes. They may be intramural or intracavitary, and generally occupy the interventricular septum or right ventricle, close to the moderator band, but they can be located in any cardiac chamber[4]. Rhabdomyomas are hormone-dependent tumor, which explains their well-known capacity for spontaneous regression or reduction, along with their close relationship with tuberous sclerosis[5]. Fibromas rarely present during fetal life, but are generally located in the interventricular septum or the free wall of the left ventricle. They present as large single masses and, differently from rhabdomyomas, do not regress after birth. For this reason, they may cause obstructions[4]. Fibromas require clinical follow-up at birth because they may lead to sudden death. Because they are giant masses, resection may be difficult and therefore heart transplantation is indicated[4,6]. Teratomas
Vision-based Safe Local Motion on a Humanoid Robot

Humanoid soccer robots are increasingly becom- ing more autonomous as sophisticated approaches are being developed for challenges in vision, motion and team coordi- nation. The stated goal of the RoboCup initiative is to beat the human soccer champion team by 2050 (1). In order to achieve this goal, it is essential to enable the robot to fully utilize the information extracted from the available sensors. In the standard platform league of RoboCup (2), one major challenge is the ability to detect and avoid the mobile obstacles i.e. the other robots on the field. This paper presents an image gradient-based scheme to efficiently and reliably characterize the obstacles in the environment. In addition, information extracted from color images and range sensors is incorporated to build a robust obstacle model. Furthermore, a potential field- based method is used to navigate safely in the presence of obstacles. All algorithms are implemented and tested on the Aldebaran Nao (3) robot platform.
Limiting large-scale crawls of social networking sites

Online social networking sites (OSNs) like Facebook and Orkut contain personal data of millions of users. Many OSNs view this data as a valuable asset that is at the core of their business model. Both OSN users and OSNs have strong incentives to restrict large scale crawls of this data. OSN users want to protect their privacy and OSNs their business interest. Traditional defenses against crawlers involve rate- limiting browsing activity per user account. These defense schemes, however, are vulnerable to Sybil attacks, where a crawler creates a large number of fake user accounts. In this paper, we propose Genie, a system that can be deployed by OSN operators to defend against Sybil crawlers. Genie is based on a simple yet powerful insight: the social network itself can be leveraged to defend against Sybil crawlers. We first present Genie's design and then discuss how Genie can limit crawlers while allowing browsing of user profiles by normal users.
Reverse power flow control in a ST-fed distribution grid

The increasing implementation of Distributed Generation (DG) in the distribution grids creates new challenges in controlling the voltage profile. If the DG production exceeds the load consumption, the power flow reverses through the MV/LV substations. The reverse power flow impacts mainly on the voltage profile, increasing further the voltage in LV and MV grids. At this regard the Smart Transformer offers a new possibility to avoid the reverse power flow in the MV grids. The ST can adapt the voltage waveform modifying the frequency in order to interact with the local DG: the DG PLL notices the frequency change and the generators, equipped with droop controllers, decrease their power output. This paper deals specifically with the stability issues of the DG PLL when a fast change in the frequency is applied for avoiding the reverse power flow in MV grid. If the PLL in the DG is tuned with a low bandwidth, it could result in oscillatory phenomena in the current controller of the DG. The evaluation of the stability analysis has been performed analytically and validated by means of Control-Hardware-In-Loop (CHIL).
Polarimetric Kronecker Separability in an Urban Macrocellular Environment

This paper investigates the Kronecker separability of the joint polarimetric angular power spectrum density (PSD) between the base station (BS) and mobile station (MS) of double directional measurements in an urban macrocell in Tokyo. A general form of the sum of channel polarization pair-wise Kronecker product approximation is proposed to be used to model a full channel correlation matrix. Its validity is compared with some recently proposed Kronecker product approximations.
Image Mosaic Based on SIFT

The traditional feature-based algorithm was found to be sensitive to rotations and scales. In this paper, an automatic image mosaic technique based on SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) was proposed by using the rotation and scale invariant property of SIFT. Keypoints are first extracted by searching over all scales and image locations, then the descriptors defined on the keypoint neighborhood are computed, through to compare the Euclidean distance of their descriptors to extract the initial feature points pair, then eliminate spurious feature points pair by applying RANSAC, finally transform the input image with the correct mapping model for image fusion and complete image stitching. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithm is robust to translation, rotation, noise and scaling.
"The way it Sounds": timbre models for analysis and retrieval of music signals

Electronic Music Distribution is in need of robust and automatically extracted music descriptors. An important attribute of a piece of polyphonic music is what is commonly referred to as "the way it sounds". While there has been a large quantity of research done to model the timbre of individual instruments, little work has been done to analyze "real world" timbre mixtures such as the ones found in popular music. In this paper, we present our research about such "polyphonic timbres". We describe an effective way to model the textures found in a given music signal, and show that such timbre models provide new solutions to many issues traditionally encountered in music signal processing and music information retrieval. Notably, we describe their applications for music similarity, segmentation and pattern induction.
Optimal Reinsertion: A New Search Operator for Accelerated and More Accurate Bayesian Network Structure Learning

We show how a conceptually simple search operator called Optimal Reinsertion can be applied to learning Bayesian Network structure from data. On each step we pick a node called the target. We delete all arcs entering or exiting the target. We then find, subject to some constraints, the globally optimal combination of in-arcs and out-arcs with which to reinsert it. The heart of the paper is a new algorithm called ORSearch which allows each optimal reinsertion step to be computed efficiently on large datasets. Our empirical results compare Optimal Reinsertion against a highly tuned implementation of multirestart hill climbing. The results typically show one to two orders of magnitude speed-up on a variety of datasets. They usually show better final results, both in terms of BDEU score and in modeling of future data drawn from the same distribution.
A Caenorhabditis elegans model for epithelial–neuronal transdifferentiation

Understanding transdifferentiation—the conversion of one differentiated cell type into another—is important from both basic science and clinical perspectives. In Caenorhabditis elegans, an epithelial cell named Y is initially part of the rectum but later appears to withdraw, migrate, and then become a motor neuron named PDA. Here, we show that this represents a bona fide transdifferentiation event: Y has epithelial hallmarks without detectable neural characteristics, and PDA has no residual epithelial characteristics. Using available mutants and laser microsurgery, we found that transdifferentiation does not depend on fusion with a neighboring cell or require migration of Y away from the rectum, that other rectal epithelial cells are not competent to transdifferentiate, and that transdifferentiation requires the EGL-5 and SEM-4 transcription factors and LIN-12/Notch signaling. Our results establish Y-to-PDA transdifferentiation as a genetically tractable model for deciphering the mechanisms underlying cellular plasticity in vivo.
Targeted positron emission tomography imaging of CXCR4 expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia originates from leukemia-initiating cells that reside in the protective bone marrow niche. CXCR4/CXCL12 interaction is crucially involved in recruitment and retention of leukemia-initiating cells within this niche. Various drugs targeting this pathway have entered clinical trials. To evaluate CXCR4 imaging in acute myeloid leukemia, we first tested CXCR4 expression in patient-derived primary blasts. Flow cytometry revealed that high blast counts in patients with acute myeloid leukemia correlate with high CXCR4 expression. The wide range of CXCR4 surface expression in patients was reflected in cell lines of acute myeloid leukemia. Next, we evaluated the CXCR4-specific peptide Pentixafor by positron emission tomography imaging in mice harboring CXCR4 positive and CXCR4 negative leukemia xenografts, and in 10 patients with active disease. [68Ga]Pentixafor-positron emission tomography showed specific measurable disease in murine CXCR4 positive xenografts, but not when CXCR4 was knocked out with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. Five of 10 patients showed tracer uptake correlating well with leukemia infiltration assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. The mean maximal standard uptake value was significantly higher in visually CXCR4 positive patients compared to CXCR4 negative patients. In summary, in vivo molecular CXCR4 imaging by means of positron emission tomography is feasible in acute myeloid leukemia. These data provide a framework for future diagnostic and theranostic approaches targeting the CXCR4/CXCL12-defined leukemia-initiating cell niche.
Isoprenoid Precursor Biosynthesis Is the Essential Metabolic Role of the Apicoplast during Gametocytogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum

ABSTRACT The malaria parasite harbors a relict plastid called the apicoplast and its discovery opened a new avenue for drug discovery and development due to its unusual, nonmammalian metabolism. The apicoplast is essential during the asexual intraerythrocytic and hepatic stages of the parasite, and there is strong evidence supporting its essential metabolic role during the mosquito stages of the parasite. Supply of the isoprenoid building blocks isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) is the essential metabolic function of the apicoplast during the asexual intraerythrocytic stages. However, the metabolic role of the apicoplast during gametocyte development, the malaria stages transmitted to the mosquito, remains unknown. In this study, we showed that production of IPP for isoprenoid biosynthesis is the essential metabolic function of the apicoplast during gametocytogenesis, by obtaining normal gametocytes lacking the apicoplast when supplemented with IPP. When IPP supplementation was removed early in gametocytogenesis, developmental defects were observed, supporting the essential role of isoprenoids for normal gametocytogenesis. Furthermore, mosquitoes infected with gametocytes lacking the apicoplast developed fewer and smaller oocysts that failed to produce sporozoites. This finding further supports the essential role of the apicoplast in establishing a successful infection in the mosquito vector. Our study supports isoprenoid biosynthesis as a valid drug target for development of malaria transmission-blocking inhibitors.
Accommodating Informality with Necessary Precision in Use Case Scenarios

Paper contains a proposition of notation for use case scenarios that accommodates the needs of different roles in software development projects. Some roles require simple and informal English sentences with references to the domain vocabulary. Other roles need a relation and mapping to user interface elements or messages flowing inside the developed system. These contradictory requirements lead to a conclusion that the use case notation should be a composition of several notations with precisely defined rules for their transformation. There are proposed four such notations based on structured text, interaction diagrams and activity diagrams. There is also presented a mapping between specific elements of these notations and a mapping to elements of the static domain and design models.
Utility-Oriented Placement of Actuator Nodes with a Collaborative Serving Scheme for Facilitated Business and Working Environments

Places to be served by cyber-physical systems (CPS) are usually distributed unevenly over the area. Thus, different areas usually have different importance and values of serving. In other words, serving power can be excessive or insufficient in practice. Therefore, actuator nodes (ANs) in CPS should be focused on serving around points of interest (POIs) with considerations of “service utility. ” In this paper, a utility-oriented AN placement framework with a collaborative serving scheme is proposed. Through spreading serving duties among correctly located ANs, deployment cost can be reduced, utility of ANs can be fully utilized, and the system longevity can be improved. The problem has been converted into a binary integer linear programming optimization problem. Service fading, 3D placements, multiscenario placements, and fault-tolerant placements have been modeled in the framework. An imitated example of a CPS deployment in a smart laboratory has been used for evaluations.
A Systematic Literature Review

Scientific investigation is one of the aspects that strengthen the cultural and socio-economic future of a country, which is why, nowadays, spaces for scientific activity should be one of the priorities in higher education institutions. First, for the development of transformative policies whom generates relationships with industry, the environment and, above all, society. Second, for the progress in the academic profile, as it increases the position and prestige at national and international level of the university. Third, for the students’ employability, as it improves their professional profile with the industry ́s cooperation in research projects. However, high costs and difficulties can be generated by promoting these educational research spaces, which led to this systematic literature review (SLR), with the aim to analyse related investigations to business models for research centers, their demand, and strategies for their management, advantages, drawbacks difficulties and the barriers that prevent its administration. As a result, we obtained 52 articles related to this particular study.
Tenascin-C contains distinct adhesive, anti-adhesive, and neurite outgrowth promoting sites for neurons

The glia-derived extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-C (TN-C) is transiently expressed in the developing CNS and may mediate neuron-glia interactions. Perturbation experiments with specific monoclonal antibodies suggested that TN-C functions for neural cells are encoded by distinct sites of the glycoprotein (Faissner, A., A. Scholze, and B. Gotz. 1994. Tenascin glycoproteins in developing neural tissues--only decoration? Persp. Dev. Neurobiol. 2:53-66). To characterize these further, bacterially expressed recombinant domains were generated and used for functional studies. Several short-term-binding sites for mouse CNS neurons could be assigned to the fibronectin type III (FNIII) domains. Of these, the alternatively spliced insert TNfnA1,2,4,B,D supported initial attachment for both embryonic day 18 (E18) rat and postnatal day 6 (P6) mouse neurons. Only TNfn1-3 supported binding and growth of P6 mouse cerebellar neurons after 24 h, whereas attachment to the other domains proved reversible and resulted in cell detachment or aggregation. In choice assays on patterned substrates, repulsive properties could be attributed to the EGF-type repeats TNegf, and to TNfnA1,2,4. Finally, neurite outgrowth promoting properties for E18 rat hippocampal neurons and P0 mouse DRG explants could be assigned to TNfnB,D, TNfnD,6, and TNfn6. The epitope of mAb J1/tn2 which abolishes the neurite outgrowth inducing effect of intact TN-C could be allocated to TNfnD. These observations suggest that TN-C harbors distinct cell- binding, repulsive, and neurite outgrowth promoting sites for neurons. Furthermore, the properties of isoform-specific TN-C domains suggest functional significance of the alternative splicing of TN-C glycoproteins.
Intercultural Competence

We review recent theoretical and empirical developments in the intercultural competencies literature, highlighting contemporary models and empirical research in organizational contexts. We survey the current conceptualizations of intercultural competencies and propose that intercultural competencies can be classified based on traits, attitudes and worldviews, capabilities, or a combination of these dimensions. We identify key psychological, behavioral, and performance outcomes associated with these models. We review empirical studies of intercultural competencies at the group level and discuss emerging models of dyad-level, firm-level, and multilevel intercultural competencies. We evaluate the current measurement of intercultural competencies and suggest alternative approaches. Finally, we examine research on selection, training, and development of intercultural competencies.We end each section by identifying future research foci, and we offer an integration of the literature at the end of the review. 489 A n n u . R ev . O rg an . P sy ch o l. O rg an . B eh av . 2 0 1 4 . 1 :4 8 9 -5 1 9 . D o w n lo ad ed f ro m w w w . a n n u al re v ie w s. o rg b y 1 7 5 . 1 5 6 . 8 9 . 1 9 3 o n 0 3 /2 6 /1 4 . F o r p er so n al u se o n ly . Click here for quick links to Annual Reviews content online,
Author Evaluation Based on H-Index and Citation Response

An accurate and fair assessment of the efficiency and impact of scientific work is, despite a lot of recent research effort, still an open problem. The measurement of quality and success of individual scientists and research groups can be approached from many different directions, none of which is universal. A reason for this is inherently different behavior of different scientists within the global research community. A complex evaluation of ones publication activities requires a careful consideration of a wide variety of factors. The well-known H-index is one of the most used bibliometric indices. Despite its many imperfections, its simplicity and ease of interpretation make it a popular scientometric method. This paper uses the ideas behind the H-index to analyze communities of authors who cite publishing scientists. A new author evaluation measure named aH-indexis proposed, and intuitive interpretations of its properties and semantics are presented. Preliminary experiments with authors with high H-index active in the area of computer science are presented to demonstrate the properties of the proposed measure.
Visual and Linguistic Influences on Public Perceptions of Swine Confinement

This study was designed to analyze the visual and linguistic characteristics of online (YouTube) videos and electronic newspapers, identifying relationships with positive, negative, and neutral attitudes toward swine confinement. This study followed a content analysis design. Two coders, trained to an acceptable level of agreement (κ = .68), examined online videos and electronic newspapers, assessing linguistic and visual images used in relation to attitudes toward swine confinement. A series of search terms deemed suitable for this study’s objectives were employed in multiple search engines, and 48 articles and 157 videos were coded for content. Results from this study showed that certain confinement and animal terminology had strong relationships with negative and positive attitudes toward swine confinement. When used in articles, the confinement term crate had a significant relationship with negative attitudes toward swine confinement. When the confinement term stall was used in videos, a relationship was observed with positive attitudes toward swine confinement. When the animal term pig was used in articles, a relationship with positive attitudes toward swine confinement was observed. When the animal terms pig and piglet were used in videos, a relationship was seen with negative attitudes toward swine confinement. Elements of visual imagery also displayed the ability to resonant with an audience, exhibiting a relationship with certain attitudes toward swine confinement. There was no statistically significant relationship between the gender of the individual delivering the message in online videos and the videos’ attitudes toward confinement, but the presence of a person increased the modality of media and therefore is likely to appeal better to audiences, regardless of the message or position. Increased modality was observed in a large amount of online videos and was associated with negative and neutral attitudes toward
Autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease versus clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease in the Cache County Study on Memory and Aging: A comparison of quantitative MRI and neuropsychological findings

Atrophy of specific, regional, and generalized brain structures occurs as a result of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) process. Comparing AD patients with histopathological confirmation of the disease at autopsy to those without autopsy but who were clinically diagnosed using the same antemortem criteria will provide further evidence of the utility and accuracy of neuropsychological assessments at the time of diagnosis, as well as the efficacy of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) in demonstrating gross neuropathological changes associated with the disease. The Cache County Study of Aging provides a unique opportunity to determine how closely AD subjects with only the clinical diagnosis match similarly diagnosed AD subjects but with postmortem confirmation of the disease. qMRI volumes of various brain structures, as well as neuropsychological outcome measures from an expanded battery, were obtained in 31 autopsy-confirmed AD subjects and 45 clinically diagnosed AD subjects. Of the various qMRI variables examined, only total temporal lobe volume was different, where those with postmortem confirmation had reduced volume. No significant differences between the two groups were found with any of the neuropsychological outcome measures. These findings confirm the similarity in neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment findings between those with just the clinical diagnosis of AD and those with an autopsy-confirmed diagnosis in the moderate-to-severe stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis.