Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-Scene and Final Assessments and Their Interrelationship Among Patients Who Use the EMS on Multiple Occasions

Abstract Introduction The use of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is increasing. A number of patients call repeatedly for EMS. Early studies of frequent callers show that they form a heterogenous group. Problem There is a lack of research on frequent EMS callers. There is furthermore a lack of knowledge about characteristics and the prehospital assessment of the patients who call for EMS on several occasions. Finally, there is a general lack of knowledge with regard to the association between the prehospital assessment by health care providers and the final diagnosis. Method Patients in Skaraborg in Western Sweden, who used the EMS at least four times in 2014, were included, excluding transport between hospitals. Information on the prehospital assessment on-scene and the final diagnosis was collected from the EMS and hospital case records. Results In all, 339 individual patients who used the EMS on 1,855 occasions were included, accounting for five percent of all missions. Fifty percent were women. The age range was 10-98 years, but more than 50.0% were in the age range of 70-89 years. The most common emergency signs and symptoms (ESS) codes on the scene were dyspnea, chest pain, and abdominal pain. The most common final diagnosis was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (eight percent). Thirteen percent of all cases had a final diagnosis defined as a potentially life-threatening condition. Among these, 22.0% of prehospital assessments were retrospectively judged as potentially inappropriate. Forty-nine percent had a defined final diagnosis not fulfilling the criteria for a potentially life-threatening condition. Among these cases, 30.0% of prehospital assessments were retrospectively judged as potentially inappropriate. Conclusion: Among patients who used EMS on multiple occasions, the most common symptoms on-scene were dyspnea, chest pain, and abdominal pain. The most common final diagnosis was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In 13.0%, the final diagnosis of a potentially life-threatening condition was indicated. In a minority of these cases, the assessment on-scene was judged as potentially inappropriate. TärnqvistJ, DahlénE, NorbergG, MagnussonC, HerlitzJ, StrömsöeA, AxelssonC, Andersson HagiwaraM. On-scene and final assessments and their interrelationship among patients who use the EMS on multiple occasions. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(5):528–535.
A 42 mW 200 fs-Jitter 60 GHz Sub-Sampling PLL in 40 nm CMOS

A 60 GHz sub-sampling PLL implemented in 40 nm CMOS is presented in this paper. The sub-sampling phase detector (SSPD) runs at 30 GHz after an inductively-peaked static divide-by-two. Thanks to the lower frequency of operation, the effect of non-zero sampling aperture of the switch is minimized. A dummy divider of the quadrature PLL is utilized for the sub-sampling loop to avoid extra loading in the 60 GHz path. A 53.8-63.3 GHz QVCO uses super-harmonic coupling at 120 GHz for relaxed headroom at a 0.9 V supply and achieves a free-running phase noise down to -94.5 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The millimeter-wave sub-sampling PLL achieves an RMS jitter, integrated from 1 kHz to 100 MHz, of 200 fs at a power consumption of 42 mW, compared to 210 fs for the PFD/CP PLL at 75 mW. Reference spurs in both modes are below -40 dBc.
Unternehmerische Mitbestimmung in Deutschland: eine empirische Analyse der Auswirkungen von Gewerkschaftsmacht in Aufsichtsräten

Zusammenfassung — Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden auf Basis einer Stichprobe borsennotierter, deutscher Industrieunternehmen empirisch die Auswirkungen unter nehmerischer Mitbestimmung auf die Beschaftigungsdynamik untersucht. Dabei wer den neben der Vertretung von Gewerkschaftsfunktionaren im Aufsichtrat verschiede ne Governanceund Erfolgsmase als erklarende Variable spezifiziert, deren Einfluss (1) auf die Beschaftigungsanderung zweier aufeinander folgender Jahre sowie (2) auf die Mitarbeiter-Umsatz-Elastizitat analysiert wird. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die Pra senz von Gewerkschaftsfunktionaren im Aufsichtrat einen negativen Effekt auf die Beschaftigungsdynamik zu haben scheint.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate Phosphatase 1 Regulates Keratinocyte Differentiation and Epidermal Homeostasis*♦

Background: Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1, encoded by Sgpp1, dephosphorylates the signaling lysophospholipid, S1P; however, its in vivo functions are not well understood. Results: Deletion of Sgpp1 causes epidermal defects with intrinsic keratinocyte abnormalities. Conclusion: Sgpp1 deficiency in keratinocytes causes S1P elevation and accelerates their differentiation. Significance: Intracellular S1P metabolism regulates keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal homeostasis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid whose levels are tightly regulated by its synthesis and degradation. Intracellularly, S1P is dephosphorylated by the actions of two S1P-specific phosphatases, sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatases 1 and 2. To identify the physiological functions of S1P phosphatase 1, we have studied mice with its gene, Sgpp1, deleted. Sgpp1−/− mice appeared normal at birth, but during the 1st week of life they exhibited stunted growth and suffered desquamation, with most dying before weaning. Both Sgpp1−/− pups and surviving adults exhibited multiple epidermal abnormalities. Interestingly, the epidermal permeability barrier developed normally during embryogenesis in Sgpp1−/− mice. Keratinocytes isolated from the skin of Sgpp1−/− pups had increased intracellular S1P levels and displayed a gene expression profile that indicated overexpression of genes associated with keratinocyte differentiation. The results reveal S1P metabolism as a regulator of keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal homeostasis.
Emerging Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks ( EUSPN-2014 ) A new distributed expert system to ontology evaluation

This paper addresses the increasingly encountered challenge of ontology evaluation. The best known approaches to ontology evaluation focus on the used criteria and model domain. In the present study, we propose a new approach that uses a reasoning tool as distributed expert system based on symbolic structures of facts and rules. The semantic model found is used to verify the ontology consistency and unexpected relationships between the ontological artefacts. The evaluation is based on formal system defined in description logic SHOIN. The results show that our evaluation approach is independent of the conceptualization of domain model and considers the main features of ontology structure. Good experimental studies demonstrate the multidisciplinary applications of our approach. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Elhadi M. Shakshuki.
Th2 Cells Phases of TCR Activation in Differentiated Gene Regulation at Late IL-4 Autocrine

IL-4 is a multifunctional cytokine whose secretion displays important immunomodulatory functions. Its expression is regulated at the level of transcription, and one of the main factors involved is NFAT. The IL-4-induced transcription factor Stat6 is required for the development of naive T cells into Th2 phenotype, capable of secreting IL-4. However, IL-4 production by differentiated Th2 cells is IL-4 independent; thus, it remains unclear whether Stat6 plays any role in the IL-4 expression by mature Th2 cells. We have analyzed in the Th2 clone D10.G4. 1 the nuclear proteins able to bind the regulatory element P1 of the IL-4 promoter. Gel-shift assays show NFAT1 as the most abundant nuclear protein that binds to P1 after ionomycin plus PMA activation, whereas Stat6 accounts for the bulk of the P1 binding in the presence of exogenous IL-4. Reporter experiments agree with an inhibitory effect of Stat6 on the NFAT1-induced transcriptional activity directed by the P1 element. CD3 signaling leads to an early induction of NFAT1-P1 complexes correlating with a strong induction of the IL-4 gene. In later phases of CD3 activation, P1 is also bound by Stat6 and a fall in the IL-4 mRNA levels takes place. These two late events during CD3 activation were found to be sensible in experiments conducted with an anti-IL-4 Ab. These results suggest that IL-4 endogenously produced by Th2 cells under TCR triggering modulates its own expression through Stat6. The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 169: 3030–3037. nterleukin-4 several cell types, such as basophils or mast cells, most important source of IL-4 CD4 (cid:1) Th2
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasonography versus electrical stimulation for fracture healing: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND To best inform evidence-based patient care, it is often desirable to compare competing therapies. We performed a network meta-analysis to indirectly compare low intensity pulsed ultrasonography (LIPUS) with electrical stimulation (ESTIM) for fracture healing. METHODS We searched the reference lists of recent reviews evaluating LIPUS and ESTIM that included studies published up to 2011 from 4 electronic databases. We updated the searches of all electronic databases up to April 2012. Eligible trials were those that included patients with a fresh fracture or an existing delayed union or nonunion who were randomized to LIPUS or ESTIM as well as a control group. Two pairs of reviewers, independently and in duplicate, screened titles and abstracts, reviewed the full text of potentially eligible articles, extracted data and assessed study quality. We used standard and network meta-analytic techniques to synthesize the data. RESULTS Of the 27 eligible trials, 15 provided data for our analyses. In patients with a fresh fracture, there was a suggested benefit of LIPUS at 6 months (risk ratio [RR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-1.41). In patients with an existing nonunion or delayed union, ESTIM had a suggested benefit over standard care on union rates at 3 months (RR 2.05, 95% CI 0.99-4.24). We found very low-quality evidence suggesting a potential benefit of LIPUS versus ESTIM in improving union rates at 6 months (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-1.01) in fresh fracture populations. CONCLUSION To support our findings direct comparative trials with safeguards against bias assessing outcomes important to patients, such as functional recovery, are required.
Direct Production of Ethanol from Raw Corn Starch via Fermentation by Use of a Novel Surface-Engineered Yeast Strain Codisplaying Glucoamylase and α-Amylase

ABSTRACT Direct and efficient production of ethanol by fermentation from raw corn starch was achieved by using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae codisplaying Rhizopus oryzae glucoamylase and Streptococcus bovis α-amylase by using the C-terminal-half region of α-agglutinin and the flocculation functional domain of Flo1p as the respective anchor proteins. In 72-h fermentation, this strain produced 61.8 g of ethanol/liter, with 86.5% of theoretical yield from raw corn starch.
Towards a methodology for improving the comparability of accelerometer-based results for physical activity measurements in older adults

The limited comparability of results for physical activity measurements by means of accelerometers with proprietary outcomes are outlined in this thesis. Differences in the output between device models and attachment positions were examined in laboratory and field studies. In order to enable a comparison of classification results based on objective activity data from older adults, a quartile-based algorithm was developed.
Optimization of n-channel and p-channel T-FET

In this work, we explore various optimization techniques using bandgap engineering to enhance the performance of tunnel FETs (T-FET) using extensive device simulations. We show that the heterostructure (Si1-γGeγ source or drain) tunnel FET (HT-FET) architecture allows scaling of the device to sub 20 nm gate length regime. N-channel HT-FET is optimized to meet ITRS low standby power and high performance logic technology requirements with 20 nm gate length, for the first time. Novel optimization technique is proposed for p-channel T-FET which results in better subthreshold slope and increased ON current. For optimizing pchannel T-FET, we use a heterostructure with Si1-γGeγ drain. The Ge content and the gate overlap are used as optimization parameters. Comparative study of gate length scaling effects on Si T-FET and HT-FET is done. We show that for sub 20 nm gate lengths, the heterostructure provides an added advantage of reducing short channel effects. We have also explored the possibility of CMOS implementation of HT-FET.
Isolation , Characterization , and Mapping of Tn 5 Insertions into the 140-Megadalton Invasion Plasmid Defective in the Mouse Sereny Test in Shigella flexneri 2 a

Using Shigellaflexneri 2a YSH6000, we isolated 304 independent Tn5 insertion mutants in the 230-kilobase invasion plasmid, pMYSH6000. The site of each Tn5 insertion was assigned to 23 Sall fragments on the previously made Sall cleavage map of pMYSH6000. Among the 304 insertions, 150 were negative in expression of four phenotypes examined (mouse Sereny test [Sern, invasion into epithelial cells [Inv], Congo red binding [Pcr], and inhibition of bacterial growth [Igr]): 12 were SerInv' Pcr+ Igr+, and 142 were positive in all four phenotypes. Tn5 insertions in the avirulent mutants were distributed in two separate Sall fragments, F and G, and in four contiguous SalI fragments, B, P, H, and D. Fragment G contains a novel class of determinant(s) which is required only for Ser+ but not for Inv', Pcr+, and Igr+. Fragment F contains the previously characterized virF locus. B, P, H, and D each contained both virulent and avirulent TnS insertions. This indicates that more than two gene clusters exist within this region. Both are required for expression of all four virulence phenotypes.
No . 617 Optimal Degree of Foreign Ownership under Uncertainty

This paper studies the integration strategies of multinational firms in a multiperiod model under incomplete contracts and uncertainty. I incorporate continuous levels of integration to the study of organizational choice in an existing model of foreign direct investment (Antras and Helpman, 2004) and extend the model to a multi-period framework of learning. The joint productivity of the two partners in an integrated firm is unknown initially to both sides and is revealed only after continued joint production. The model gives rise to a nondegenerate distribution of foreign ownership at the firm level and shows that the optimal level of integration rises with the age of the firm. These patterns are supported by detailed plant-level data on share of foreign ownership. The model predicts that the degree of foreign ownership is an increasing function of joint productivity and intra-firm trade should rise over time as a result of increased control by multinationals. I test the implications of my theory with plant-level data from Turkey and find support for the predictions of the model. JEL Classification: D23, F23, L23
Biological Matrix Effects in Quantitative Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Analytical Methods: Advancing Biomonitoring

ABSTRACT The ability to quantify levels of target analytes in biological samples accurately and precisely in biomonitoring involves the use of highly sensitive and selective instrumentation such as tandem mass spectrometers and a thorough understanding of highly variable matrix effects. Typically, matrix effects are caused by co-eluting matrix components that alter the ionization of target analytes as well as the chromatographic response of target analytes, leading to reduced or increased sensitivity of the analysis. Thus, before the desired accuracy and precision standards of laboratory data are achieved, these effects must be characterized and controlled. Here we present our review and observations of matrix effects encountered during the validation and implementation of tandem mass spectrometry–based analytical methods. We also provide systematic, comprehensive laboratory strategies needed to control challenges posed by matrix effects in order to ensure delivery of the most accurate data for biomonitoring studies assessing exposure to environmental toxicants.
Han Feizi: Basic Writings

Outline of Early Chinese HistoryIntroductionThe Way of the RulerOn Having StandardsThe Two HandlesWielding PowerThe Eight VillainiesThe Ten FaultsThe Difficulties of PersuasionMr. HePrecautions Within the PalaceFacing SouthThe Five VerminEminence in LearningIndex09/30/0200watson_toc. doc: 1
Inhibiting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates cerebral ischemic injury in Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice

Cerebral ischemia was induced using photothrombosis 1 hour after intraperitoneal injection of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor SB239063 into Swedish mutant amyloid precursor protein (APP/SWE) transgenic and non-transgenic mice. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was quantified using Nissl staining, and the activity of p38 MAPKs was measured by western blotting. The number of surviving neurons in the penumbra was significantly reduced in APP/SWE transgenic mice compared with non-transgenic controls 7 days after cerebral ischemia, but the activity of p38 MAPKs was significantly elevated compared with the non-ischemic hemisphere in the APP/SWE transgenic mice. SB239063 prevented these changes. The APP/SWE mutation exacerbated ischemic brain injury, and this could be alleviated by inhibiting p38 MAPK activity.
More Than Socially Embedded: The Distinctive Character of 'Communal Tenure' Regimes in South Africa and its Implications for Land Policy

This article analyzes debates over tenure reform policy in post-apartheid South Africa, with a particular focus on the controversial Communal Land Rights Act of 2004. Land tenure systems in the ‘communal areas’ of South Africa are described as dynamic and evolving regimes within which a number of important commonalities and continuities over time are observable. Key underlying principles of pre-colonial land relations are identified, which informed the adaptation and modification of tenure regimes in the colonial era and under policies of segregation and apartheid, and continue to do so today. Exploring the policy implications of this analysis, the article suggests that alternative approaches to that embodied in the Communal Land Rights Act are required. The most appropriate approach is to make socially legitimate occupation and use rights, as they are currently held and practised, the point of departure for both their recognition in law and for the design of institutional frameworks for administering land.
The Lancashire Pace-Egg Play: A Social History

The Lancashire Pace-Egg Play: A Social History. By Eddie Cass. (London: FLS Books, n.d. [2001]. Pp. xiv + 257, preface, introduction, photographs, illustrations, appendices, bibliography, index. L13.95 paper) In the best of all possible folklore scholarship worlds, every traditional practice would be the subject of a book like this one. In the preface, Eddie Cass confesses that he saw his first pace-egg play in 1968 "under the influence of T.S. Eliot and, through him, of James Frazer, Jessie Weston, and the Cambridge anthropologists" (xi). It's clear he's come a very long way in the interim; the book is called a social history, but it is much more. Not limited to bibliographical and archival research, it also includes ethnographic work: participant observation and interviews. Personally, I would differ with the romanticised conclusion to the preface: "The custom has to be at least two hundred years old in the county. That in itself makes it a folk tradition worth preserving" (xiii). Lots of old traditions, like racism, sexism, and homophobia, are definitely unworthy of preservation. Yet there is no doubt that pace-egging deserves-and receives-a thorough, respectful, and erudite treatment from Cass. The introduction discusses the play (the hero-combat type) as a calendar custom (usually presented at Easter) and as a "legitimized wealth transfer transaction" (1), by which children and adults gather money and food. Though he does not subscribe to it, Cass points out that the idea that such activities were ritual survivals significantly affected 20th century revival participants' understandings of what they were doing. But he also seems to conflate the ritual/spiritual explanation with the play's meaning per se, as in: "there is no clear historical evidence that the play has a meaning" (3). The concept that any practice, traditional or otherwise, could be without meaning seems bizarre-particularly so when the practice has such a long history as pace-egging. This notion of the play's meaninglessness points to one of a few locations where readers may find Cass's perspective somewhat opaque. The book's first chapter goes through definitions of folk drama and locates the Lancashire pace-egg play within them, as well as in its geographical setting in northwestern England. He points out that "pace-egging was a house-visiting custom within the working class community," not only to raise money from the "merchants and masters" (30), and argues that its decline, then, can be explained in terms of changes within the community, rather than simply alterations in the socioeconomic class structure. This seems a sensible approach, given the pace-egg play's clearly demonstrated adaptability not only to different socioeconomic structures, but also to different contexts within the communities in which it was played. The chapter on performance and performers draws attention to a variety of specifics, from costume to audience participation, focusing primarily upon historical accounts and published or recorded texts. …
Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin 3-gallate, contributes to the degradation of DNMT3A and HDAC3 in HCT 116 human colon cancer cells.

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Epigenetic gene silencing involving DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) plays an important role in the progression of colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study we found that the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to methylation plays a role in its response to alternative therapy involving the green tea polyphenol, epigallocatechin 3-gallate. HDAC and DNMT protein expression were reduced when methylation-sensitive HCT 116 human colon cancer cells was treated with EGCG, but was relatively stable in the HT-29 cell line. This decrease in expression may be partially explained by our finding that DNMT3A and HDAC3 are degraded in the methylation-sensitive colon cancer cells in part by inhibiting their association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase, UHRF1. CONCLUSION These findings provide a rationale for the development of a targeted therapy for methylation-sensitive colon cancer that can include EGCG in combination with other DNMT and HDAC inhibitors.
A proposed spam detection approach for Arabic social networks content

Data collected from social networks can be used to discover useful information by mining users' opinions for different knowledge fields, such as marketing, politics or social studies. Nowadays, online social networks and reviews platforms become a prime target to different types of malicious and opportunistic actions by creating spam content which can skew the results of an automatic study on user opinion trends. We propose in this paper a spam detection system to process Arabic content generated on social networks. Our approach is based on a set of selected features which characterize Arabic spam content. Our initial tests by using WEKA software show the effectiveness (91.73 % of precision) of our approach and the accurate choice of features.