Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Residual Bayesian Co-clustering for Matrix Approximation

In recent years, matrix approximation for missing value prediction has emerged as an important problem in a variety of domains such as recommendation systems, e-commerce and online advertisement. While matrix factorization based algorithms typically have good approximation accuracy, such algorithms can be slow especially for large matrices. Further, such algorithms cannot naturally make prediction on new rows or columns. In this paper, we propose residual Bayesian co-clustering (RBC), which learns a generative model corresponding to the matrix from the non-missing entries, and uses the model to predict the missing entries. RBC is an extension of Bayesian co-clustering by taking row and column bias into consideration. The model allows mixed memberships of rows and columns to multiple clusters, and can naturally handle the prediction on new rows and columns which are not used in the training process, given only a few non-missing entries in them. We propose two variational inference based algorithms for learning the model and predicting missing entries. One of the proposed algorithms leads to a parallel RBC which can achieve significant speed-ups. The efficacy of RBC is demonstrated by extensive experimental comparisons with state-of-the-art algorithms on real world datasets.
Reprocessing the Hipparcos data for evolved stars III Revised Hipparcos period-luminosity relationship for galactic long-period variable stars

We analyze the K band luminosities of a sample of galactic long-period variables using parallaxes measured by the Hipparcos mission. The parallaxes are in most cases re-computed from the Hipparcos Intermediate Astrometric Data using improved astrometric fits and chromaticity corrections. The K band magnitudes are taken from the literature and from measurements by COBE, and are corrected for interstellar and circumstellar extinction. The sample contains stars of several spectral types: M, S and C, and of several variability classes: Mira, semiregular SRa, and SRb. We find that the distribution of stars in the period-luminosity plane is independent of circumstellar chemistry, but that the different variability types have different P-L distributions. Both the Mira variables and the SRb variables have reasonably well-defined period-luminosity relationships, but with very different slopes. The SRa variables are distributed between the two classes, suggesting that they are a mixture of Miras and SRb, rather than a separate class of stars. New period-luminosity relationships are derived based on our revised Hipparcos parallaxes. The Miras show a similar period-luminosity relationship to that found for Large Magellanic Cloud Miras by Feast et al. (1989). The maximum absolute K magnitude of the sample is about -8.2 for both Miras and semi-regular stars, only a little fainter than the expected AGB limit. We show that the stars with the longest periods (P>400d) have high mass loss rates and are almost all Mira variables.
Toward the automatic extraction of knowledge of usable goods

Knowledge of usable goods (e.g., tooth-brush is used to clean the teeth and tread-mill is used for exercise ) is ubiquitous and in constant demand. This study proposes semantic labels to capture aspects of knowledge of usable goods and builds a benchmark corpus, Usable Goods Corpus , to explore this new semantic labeling task. Our human annotation experiment shows that human annotators can generally identify pieces of information of usable goods in text. Our ﬁrst attempt toward the automatic identiﬁcation of such knowledge shows that a model using conditional random ﬁelds approaches the human annotation (F score 73.2%). These results together suggest future directions to build a large-scale corpus and improve the automatic identiﬁcation of knowledge of usable goods.
Distributed Formation Control of Quadrotors under Limited Sensor Field of View

This work tackles the problem of quadrotor formation control, using exclusively on-board resources. Local inter-robot localization systems are typically characterized by limited sensing capabilities, either in range or in the field of view. Most of the existing literature on the subject uses inter-robot communication to obtain the unavailable information, but problems such as communication delays and packet loss can seriously compromise the system stability, especially when the system shows fast dynamics such as that of quadrotors. This work focuses on the sensor field of view limitation: it proposes a formation control algorithm that extends the existing methods to allow each quadrotor to control the occupied area of its sensor field of view, while moving to the right place in the formation. This decreases the situations when necessary inter-robot information is unavailable through local sensing, thus reducing the communication requirements. The system is proven to be stable when this algorithm is applied. Results, both using simulated and real quadrotors, show the correct behavior of the algorithm without the use of communications, even when each robot can only sense a subset of the robots in the group.
Gastrointestinal , Hepatobiliary , and Pancreatic Pathology Fibrinogen Deficiency Increases Liver Injury and Early Growth Response-1 ( Egr-1 ) Expression in a Model of Chronic Xenobiotic-Induced Cholestasis

Chronic cholestatic liver injury induced by cholestasis in rodents is associated with hepatic fibrin deposition, and we found evidence of fibrin deposition in livers of patients with cholestasis. Key components of the fibrinolytic pathway modulate cholestatic liver injury by regulating activation of hepatocyte growth factor. However, the exact role of hepatic fibrin deposition in chronic cholestasis is not known. We tested the hypothesis that fibrinogen (Fbg) deficiency worsens liver injury induced by cholestasis. Fbg-deficient mice (Fbg / mice) and heterozygous control mice (Fbg / mice) were fed either the control diet or a diet containing 0.025% -naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT), which selectively injures bile duct epithelial cells in the liver, for 2 weeks. Hepatic fibrin and collagen deposits were evident in livers of heterozygous control mice fed the ANIT diet. Complete Fbg deficiency was associated with elevated serum bile acids, periportal necrosis, and increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity in mice fed the ANIT diet. Fbg deficiency was associated with enhanced hepatic expression of the transcription factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1) and enhanced induction of genes encoding the Egr-1–regulated proinflammatory chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein-1, KC growth-regulated protein, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2. Interestingly, peribiliary collagen deposition was not evident near necrotic areas in Fbg-deficient mice. The results suggest that in this model of chronic cholestasis, fibrin constrains the release of bile constituents from injured intrahepatic bile ducts, thereby limiting the progression of hepatic inflammation and hepatocellular injury. (Am J Pathol 2011, 178:1117–1125; DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.11.064)
The Mega-Word Tagged-Corpus Project

Large corpora with part-of-speech tagging play a very important role in recent statistics-based and example-based natural language processing systems. However, no such corpora have become widely available for Japanese so far. Because the Japanese language has no explicit word boundaries, it is impossible even to count words without a corpus that has at. least word segmentations. This paper describes our attempts to develop a tagged corpus with over one million words taken from Japanese newspaper articles in a semi-mechanized way taken from Japanese newspaper articles. After dividing the original text into many chunks, we analyze the first chunk by using a Japanese morphological analyzer, and correct. the output manually; then, using that result, we improve the morphological analyzer and go on to the next chunk. Thus, the quality of the morphological analyzer increases at each iteration, decreasing the effort required for manual editing of the following chunks. Our experience in the first iteration of this 'boot-strapping' process has been encouraging.
Dictionary-independent translation in CLIR between closely related languages

This paper presents results from a study, where fuzzy string matching techniques were used as the sole query translation technique in Cross Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) between the closely related languages Swedish and Norwegian. It is a novel research idea to apply only fuzzy string matching techniques in query translation. Closely related languages share a number of words that are cross-lingual spelling variants of each other. These spelling variants can be translated by means of fuzzy matching. When cross-lingual spelling variants form a high enough share of the vocabulary of related languages, the fuzzy matching techniques can perform well enough to replace the conventional dictionary-based query translation. Different fuzzy matching techniques were tested in CLIR between Norwegian and Swedish and it was found that queries translated using skipgram matching and a combined technique of transformation rule based translation (TRT) and n-grams perform well. For the best fuzzy matching query types performance difference with respect to dictionary translation queries was not statistically significant.
Novel Approach to Clock Fault Testing for High Performance Microprocessors

This paper presents a novel approach for testing clock faults for high performance microprocessors. Although such faults have been shown to be likely and could compromise delay fault testing, conventional manufacturing test methodology is unable to guarantee their detection. This paper proposes a modification to the conventional clock buffers allowing standard manufacturing test to detect the faults. This is achieved at the cost of a small increase in area and power consumption of the clock buffers, but with no additional test cost or impact on the microprocessor performance and in-field operation. The approach can be applied to the clock system of any high performance chip or microprocessor.
Effect of mechanical ventilation on microvascular perfusion in critical care patients.

PURPOSE Microvascular perfusion, pivotal for adequate tissue oxygenation is potentially linked to outcome in critical care therapy. Mechanical ventilation (MV) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) as standard concepts of respiratory management are known to have deleterious effects on regional organ perfusion especially in the splanchnic area. As these effects have been attributed to different physiologic mechanisms, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of positive pressure ventilation on extra-abdominal tissue perfusion in non-surgical intensive care patients. METHODS Sublingual microcirculation was evaluated in 46 severely ill patients (group 1: n=26 requiring MV and PEEP; group 2: n=20 spontaneous breathing) admitted to the intensive care unit using sidestream darkfield intravitalmicroscopy. According to current guidelines, sublingual vessels were categorized by means of size and flow in semi-quantitative categories determining microvascular flow index (MFI). Total microvascular flow index (TMFI) was calculated for each patient as mean value of flow in all vessel categories. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between both groups in microvascular flow index in each vessel category and in total microvascular flow index. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation presented with more comorbidities and higher acuity of illness scores resulting in a higher ICU mortality, which however was not accompanied by microcirculatory differences at the time of measurement. CONCLUSION Mechanical ventilation and PEEP have no general deleterious effects on microvascular perfusion of the sublingual mucosa. However, further clinical studies are required to investigate potential effects of higher levels of ventilation pressure or PEEP on microvascular perfusion.
The Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis as a model skin. II: differentiation and physiological roles

The Caenorhabditis elegans epidermis forms one of the principal barrier epithelia of the animal. Differentiation of the epidermis begins in mid embryogenesis and involves apical–basal polarization of the cytoskeletal and secretory systems as well as cellular junction formation. Secretion of the external cuticle layers is one of the major developmental and physiological specializations of the epidermal epithelium. The four post‐embryonic larval stages are separated by periodic moults, in which the epidermis generates a new cuticle with stage‐specific characteristics. The differentiated epidermis also plays key roles in endocrine signaling, fat storage, and ionic homeostasis. The epidermis is intimately associated with the development and function of the nervous system, and may have glial‐like roles in modulating neuronal function. The epidermis provides passive and active defenses against skin‐penetrating pathogens and can repair small wounds. Finally, age‐dependent deterioration of the epidermis is a prominent feature of aging and may affect organismal aging and life span. WIREs Dev Biol 2012 doi: 10.1002/wdev.77
Non-parametric Calibration for Catadioptric Stereo

Standard parametric approaches to camera calibration are unable to account for local distortions introduced by the imaging system. Such distortions may be present in catadioptric imaging systems where low precision mirrors are used. A planar grid was used as the calibration target, and by detecting the grid lines, the mapping between the distorted image captured by the camera and an undistorted image was determined. A two-pass mapping procedure was then used to correct the distorted image. The residual error in the grid lines was less than 20% of a pixel.
Calculation of Leakage Rate for Bolted Flanged Joint During the Long Term Service at High Temperature

Bolted flange joints (BFJs) are widely used in the process industries, and there is a large proportion served in the high temperature environment. During the long term service at high temperature, the creep relaxation of each component of BFJ will cause the decline of the residual gasket stress, which will further affect the sealing effect. So, it is very important to make sure the change rule of the leakage rate of BFJ during the long term service at high temperature. Firstly, according to constructing the relationship between the leakage rate and the service time, the leakage rate calculation method of BFJ during the long term service at high temperature was proposed. Secondly, the stress distributions of the gasket during the long term service at high temperature, which was time-dependent, were calculated at the tightness level T2 and T3 by using the numerical simulation method. Finally, based on the time-dependent average gasket stress and maximum gasket stress, the change rule of the time-dependent leakage rate of BFJ during the long term service at high temperature was obtained. The research results will play an important role in mastering the attenuation rule of the leakage rate of BFJ and supporting the leakage rate control of BFJ during the long term service at high temperature.
An Approach to Recognize the Transient Disturbances With Spectral Kurtosis

Spectral kurtosis (SK) is a statistical tool, which can indicate both non-Gaussian components in a signal and their locations in the frequency domain. The computation methods of SK decide the characteristics of transient disturbances. We propose a new computation method based on Choi-Williams distribution to recognize the transient disturbances. Through the comparisons and analysis of different computation methods for five transient disturbances, the proposed method can better reflect their characteristics difference. In addition, the relationships between SK and transient disturbance parameters (amplitude, phase, duration, noise, and so on) are analyzed and discussed in detail, and a recognition plan is proposed. We, respectively, adopted the simulation signals with random disturbance parameters and different noise, power systems computer aided design, and real-life signals to prove the recognition performance. The experimental results show that the method is feasible and simple, and the recognition rate of five transient disturbances is high and satisfied. Especially, the transient impulsive and oscillation with noise can be completely recognized using the proposed method in this paper.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATUREON THE CORROSION-EROSION OF 9CrlMo STEEL

The effect of test temperature on the nature of the scale formation' and the substrate metal thickness loss by combined erosion"'" corrosion was determined for 9CrlMo steel at temperatures up to 90<fC in air and undried nitrogen gas streams containing 130pm A1203 particles. It was determined that the metal thickness loss increased with test temperature. Below approximately 7Sdt the scale loss mechanism was low loss rate chipping while above this temperature the mechanism changed to high loss rate periodic spalling. Combined erosion-corrosion caused an effective lS0 -200o C increase in the corrosion scale morphology compared to the structures that resulted from dynamic corrosion without particles in the stream.
A Study on Predicting Hazard Factors for Safe Driving

This paper proposes an algorithm for detecting objects representing potential hazards to drivers based on the combination of local information derived from optical flows and global information obtained from the host vehicle's status. The algorithm uses artificial neural networks to infer the degree of danger posed by moving objects in dynamic images taken with a vehicle-mounted camera. This approach allows more flexible adaptation of the algorithm to many drivers with dissimilar characteristics. Experiments were conducted with both miniature vehicles in a virtual environment and real vehicles in a real driving situation using video images of multiple moving objects. The results show that the algorithm can infer hazardous situations similar to the judgments made by human drivers. The proposed algorithm provides the foundation for constructing a practical driving assistance system
A Dual Task for the Xbp1-responsive OS-9 Variants in the Mammalian Endoplasmic Reticulum

Normally, non-native polypeptides are not transported through the secretory pathway. Rather, they are translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen into the cytosol where they are degraded by proteasomes. Here we characterize the function in ER quality control of two proteins derived from alternative splicing of the OS-9 gene. OS-9.1 and OS-9.2 are ubiquitously expressed in human tissues and are amplified in tumors. They are transcriptionally induced upon activation of the Ire1/Xbp1 ER-stress pathway. OS-9 variants do not associate with folding-competent proteins. Rather, they selectively bind folding-defective ones thereby inhibiting transport of non-native conformers through the secretory pathway. The intralumenal level of OS-9.1 and OS-9.2 inversely correlates with the fraction of a folding-defective glycoprotein, the Nullhong kong (NHK) variant of α1-antitrypsin that escapes retention-based ER quality control. OS-9 up-regulation does not affect NHK disposal, but reduction of the intralumenal level of OS-9.1 and OS-9.2 substantially delays disposal of this model substrate. OS-9.1 and OS-9.2 also associate transiently with non-glycosylated folding-defective proteins, but association is unproductive. Finally, OS-9 activity does not require an intact mannose 6-P homology domain. Thus, OS-9.1 and OS-9.2 play a dual role in mammalian ER quality control: first as crucial retention factors for misfolded conformers, and second as promoters of protein disposal from the ER lumen.
Automated Variable Selection in Vector Multiplicative Error Models

Multiplicative Error Models (MEM) can be used to trace the dynamics of non-negative valued processes. Interactions between several such processes are accommodated by the vector MEM (vMEM) in the form of parametric (estimated by Maximum Likelihood) or semiparametric specifications (estimated by Generalized Method of Moments). In choosing the relevant variables an automated procedure can be followed where the full specification is successively pruned in a general-to-specific approach. An efficient and fast algorithm is presented and evaluated by means of simulations. The empirical application shows the interdependence across European markets and the relative strength of volatility spillovers.
Olefinic Hydrocarbons Biosynthesized by Arthrobacter Species †

Arthrobacter aurescens TC1, Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6, Arthrobacter crystallopoietes, and Arthrobacter oxydans produce long-chain monoalkenes, predominantly cis-3,25-dimethyl-13-heptacosene. Four other Arthrobacter strains did not form alkenes. The level of cis-3,25-dimethyl-13-heptacosene in Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 remained proportional to cell mass during growth. cis-3,25-Dimethyl-13-heptacosene did not support growth of A. chlorophenolicus A6.
Hepatocyte polarization is essential for the productive entry of the hepatitis B virus

Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is characterized by a high species specificity and a distinct liver tropism. Within the liver, HBV replication occurs in differentiated and polarized hepatocytes. Accordingly, the in vitro HBV infection of primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) and the human hepatoma cell line, HepaRG, is restricted to differentiated, hepatocyte‐like cells. Though preparations of PHH contain up to 100% hepatic cells, cultures of differentiated HepaRG cells are a mixture of hepatocyte‐like and biliary‐like epithelial cells. We used PHH and HepaRG cells and compared the influence of virus inoculation dose, cell differentiation, and polarization on productive HBV infection. At multiplicities of genome equivalents (mge) >8,000, almost 100% of PHHs could be infected. In contrast, only a subset of HepaRG cells stained positive for HBcAg at comparable or even higher mge. Infection predominantly occurred at the edges of islands of hepatocyte‐like HepaRG cells. This indicates a limited accessibility of the HBV receptor, possibly as a result of its polar sorting. Multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), a marker selectively transported to the apical (i.e., canalicular) cell membrane, revealed two polarization phenotypes of HepaRG cells. HBV infection within the islands of hepatocyte‐like HepaRG cells preferentially occurred in cells that resemble PHH, exhibiting canalicular structures. However, disruption of cell‐cell junctions allowed the additional infection of cells that do not display a PHH‐like polarization. Conclusion: HBV enters hepatocytes via the basolateral membrane. This model, at least partially, explains the difference of PHH and HepaRG cells in infection efficacy, provides insights into natural HBV infection, and establishes a basis for optimization of the HepaRG infection system. (HEPATOLOGY 2012)