Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stock market predictability: Non-synchronous trading or inefficient markets? Evidence from the national stock exchange of India

Purpose - – The main objective of this study is to obtain new empirical evidence on non-synchronous trading effects through modelling the predictability of market indices. Design/methodology/approach - – The authors test for lead-lag effects between the Indian Nifty and Nifty Junior indices using Pesaran–Timmermann tests and Granger-Causality. Then, a simple test on overnight returns is proposed to infer whether the observed predictability is mainly attributable to non-synchronous trading or some form of inefficiency. Findings - – The evidence suggests that non-synchronous trading is a better explanation for the observed predictability in the Indian Stock Market. Research limitations/implications - – The indication that non-synchronous trading effects become more pronounced in high-frequency data suggests that prior studies using daily data may underestimate the impacts of non-synchronicity. Originality/value - – The originality of the paper rests on various important contributions: overnight returns is looked at to infer whether predictability is more attributable to non-synchronous trading or to some form of inefficiency; the impacts of non-synchronicity are investigated in terms of lead-lag effects rather than serial correlation; and high-frequency data is used which gauges the impacts of non-synchronicity during less active parts of the trading day.
Subchannel grouping and statistical waterfilling for vector block-fading channels

In this paper, capacity limits and power-control schemes are assessed for the block-fading (BF) additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels under the assumption that the channel state information (CSI) is known at both the transmitter and the receiver sides. Two notions of channel capacity limits are considered in this paper, including the ergodic capacity for transmission without delay constraint, and the delay-limited capacity for transmission under a strict delay constraint. With the full availability of CSI, a BF channel can be decomposed into multiple space-time-frequency subchannels, and is, therefore, considered in this paper as a vector BF channel. We propose a class of multitarget (MT) power-control schemes, which we show to be computationally implementable and able to perform well in approaching the capacity limits of vector BF channels. These power-control schemes are based on a subchannel grouping technique, which can be used to further divide subchannels in a vector BF channel into multiple grouped channels, each exhibiting different fading statistics. Each MT scheme then assigns a particular set of power "targets" into these grouped channels, and maximizes the transmission rate via various statistical waterfilling solutions. Numerical results are presented to evaluate and compare the achievable transmission rates associated with these proposed schemes for some example vector BF channels
The change in corporate environmental strategies: a longitudinal empirical study

Purpose – This paper aims to provide a research framework to explore the change in corporate environmental strategy based on the resource‐based view of the firm and institutionalization theory and to present empirical evidence that illustrates how environmental strategy has changed.Design/methodology/approach – The framework and propositions are examined by using a longitudinal empirical analysis using mail surveys conducted in South Korea in 2001 and 2004.Findings – This paper shows that there is a trend in the change of environmental strategies, with companies shifting their environmental stance along the nonlinear and evolutive paths. In addition, top management attitude towards the environment and a firm's slack resources are found to be significantly related to environmental strategic change.Research limitations/implications – The research well reflects the changing social concern for environmental issues in Korea. This model can be applied to explain the change of corporate environmental strategy in.
Nonlinear Panel Data Model with Continuous Endogenous Regressors and General Instruments

Most papers studying nonlinear panel data models assume that conditional on the unobserved heterogeneity all covariates are exogenous. We relax this assumption and develop a control function method to handle heterogeneity and endogeneity of covariates. The control functions are based on “expected a posteriori” values of the correlated random effects. Average partial effects are identified and, unlike alternative control function approaches, our method allows for general instruments. The proposed method is applied to estimate the causal effects of household income and wealth on the incidence of child labor, and is contrasted with the standard binary response model for panel data.
Learning Effects and the Commercialization of new Energy Technologies: The Case of Nuclear Power

Recently, attention has been focused on government policy toward commercialization of new energy technologies. Arguments are offered that in the early days of commercialization significant learning externalities that justify subsidy are present. Using nuclear power as a case study, this article estimates the learning effects actually present. The effect of experience on construction cost and on the accuracy of cost estimation is examined. External learning is separated from internalized learning about both construction cost and cost estimation. Finally, an estimate of the value of both kinds of learning externality is provided. The results suggest learning externalities were present, but had little effect on the rate of commercialization.
The Data Sharing Policies of the UK Research Councils: Principles and Practices

This paper reviews the data sharing policies of the United Kingdom’s research councils (see www.rcuk.ac.uk). It explores the drivers for data management and data sharing, and examines the similarities and differences across the disciplines represented by the seven councils. It then looks at how the policies are being implemented within the UK research community. Whilst the fundamentals of the policies are similar, the methods of implementation differ and the paper will seek to explain the reasons for these differences. From this UK research council perspective, the paper aims to identify generic principles which underpin the development of policies for access to and preservation of research outputs, including research data.
Political Contestability and Public Contracting

Do public agents undertake socially inefficient activities to protect themselves? In politically contestable markets, part of the lack of flexibility in the design and implementation of the public procurement process reflects public agents' risk adaptations to limit the political hazards from opportunistic third parties---political opponents, competitors, and interest groups. Reduced flexibility limits the likelihood of opportunistic challenges, while externalizing the associated adaptation costs to the public at large. We study this matter and provide a comprehensive theoretical framework with empirically testable predictions.
The readiness of eThekwini electricity employees for change to a regional electricity distributor

The research assesses employee readiness at eThekwini Electricity to form part of the Regional Electricity Distributor, which had been legislated by Government. The premise of the study is to investigate, identify and understand key factors likely to promote or inhibit effective readiness to change. If these factors can be measured by the organisation, an evaluation of the difficulty of the change effort can then be used to plan accordingly. By assessing readiness for change in the organisation, Top Management will be in a position to identify gaps that may exist between their own expectations about the change effort and those of other organisational members.
Who Cares? Caregiver Well-being in Europe

This paper analyzes a multi-national sample comparing self-reported well-being of those who provide dependent care to that of non-caregivers. We pair individual-level data from the 2004 European Social Survey (ESS) for respondents in 22 nations (n=41,000+) with country-level measures of attitudinal support for co-residential familial caregiving (2007 Eurobarometer), old age and family public transfers (OECD Social Expenditures Database, 2014) and economic development (GDP). Using multi-level modeling, we examine the association between countrylevel co-residential familial attitudes and public spending and individual-level caregiver wellbeing, comparing effects by gender. We find that: (1) caregiving is differentially associated with well-being for men and women; (2) female caregivers report worse well-being than male caregivers in countries with greater attitudinal support for co-residential familial caregiving; (3) caregivers, regardless of gender, report better well-being in countries with more generous old age transfers. These findings are important in the context of Europe’s population structure and the threats to public spending for dependent populations.
Epstein-Barr Virus-associated Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Arising on Cardiac Prostheses

Primary cardiac lymphoma is extremely rare and lymphoma arising in association with prosthetic valves has been described in only 3 case reports. We describe 3 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving prosthetic heart valves and a synthetic tube graft. All 3 specimens showed shallow layering of acellular fibrinous debris over the prosthetic or synthetic materials, with tumor lymphocytes present at the luminal surface. There were frequent mitoses and abundant karyorrhectic debris. All demonstrated a nongerminal center B-cell phenotype. All 3 cases were positive for Epstein-Barr virus, but there was no staining for human herpes virus 8. There was no other evidence of distant disease at the time of diagnosis and no recurrence or dissemination occurred after surgical removal of the prosthesis, though follow-up was limited. On the basis of 2008 World Health Organization diagnostic criteria, we believe these cases should be classified as DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation. However, unlike the characteristically poor prognosis reported in this entity, we hypothesize that the disease resectability in these cardiac sites, in many cases, may allow for a better prognosis than DLBCL with chronic inflammation at other less resectable sites.
Inefficiency in Analysts' Earnings Forecasts: Systematic Misreaction or Systematic Optimism?

A rational analysis of analyst behavior predicts that analysts immediately and without bias incorporate information into their forecasts. Several studies document analysts' tendency to systematically underreact to information. Underreaction is inconsistent with rationality. Other studies indicate that analysts systematically overreact to new information or that they are systematically optimistic. This study discriminates between these three hypotheses by examining the interaction between the nature of information and the type of reaction by analysts. The evidence indicates that analysts underreact to negative information, but overreact to positive information. These results are consistent with systematic optimism in response to information. Copyright The American Finance Association 1999.
HUMAN CAPITAL AND LIFE-CYCLE EFFECTS ON RISK AVERSION

This paper provides additional evidence on life-cycle patterns of relative risk aversion, using spline functions generated on Consumer Expenditure Survey data. Human capital is hypothesized to affect relative risk aversion; age has been used in previous work as a proxy for human capital. The objective of this study is to determine whether there is a life-cycle pattern that is independent of the effect of human capital. The results suggest an affirmative answer. Moreover, this independent life-cycle pattern is the opposite of that estimated in a previous study that used age as a proxy.
Design of Chipless RFID Tag for Operation on Flexible Laminates

A fully printable chipless RFID tag on a 90-¿m-thin Taconic TF290 laminate is presented. The tag consists of two crosspolarized ultrawideband (UWB) antennas and a multiresonating circuit. The data encoding is performed in the multiresonating circuit, which is comprised of multiple stopband spiral resonators. The resonators are optimized to operate on flexible laminate using two optimization techniques. Since TF290 has similar characteristics to thin polymer laminates, the design can easily be transferred to plastic and paper, which are suitable for mass deployment for low-cost items in trillions.
Risk and the Value of Securities

In retrospect, writing about “risk and valuation” is somewhat akin to killing Hydra, the mythical, many-headed creature which would grow two heads whenever one was cut off. It is only fair to admit at the outset that I cannot lay claim to have slain the beast. As a matter of fact, by the time the reader finishes the article, he may have concluded that the beast has more heads than ever!
Laparoscopic Management of Renal Hilar Pheochromocytomas

Although laparoscopic adrenalectomy is well established for the treatment of adrenal pheochromocytomas, there is scant literature on a laparoscopic approach to extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas (EAP). We report on 2 patients with renal hilar pheochromocytomas treated by a laparoscopic resection. A 56-year-old hypertensive man was found to have a 3.5-cm tumor in the right renal hilum, which was confirmed to be a pheochromocytoma on the basis of elevated urinary vanillylmandelic acid levels and a positive 131I-MIBG scan. After pharmacological preparation, he underwent a laparoscopic excision. The recovery was uneventful and the final histopathology confirmed an EAP. The second patient, a 17-year-old hypertensive girl, was shown to have a 2.5-cm tumor in close proximity to the left renal vessels and a poorly functioning left kidney on a computed tomography scan. Subsequent isotope renogram showed 4% function in the left kidney. After adequate preparation, she underwent a laparoscopic left nephrectomy along with resection of the tumor. The postoperative period was uneventful. Histopathology showed an EAP. The kidney showed ischemic changes along with severe renal artery stenosis. The patients remain well 49 and 14 months post-surgery. In conclusion, careful preoperative preparation, expert intraoperative anesthetic management, and surgery performed by an experienced surgeon make laparoscopic resection of renal hilar pheochromocytomas a safe and feasible treatment option.
Cost accounting in Finland: current practice and trends of development

Recent changes in marketing strategies, competition and production environments, and consequent changes in cost structures, have been argued as imposing pressure for change on current cost accounting. Characteristic of the present situation is the serious lack of information concerning the current state of cost accounting practice. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the present state, and trends in the development, of cost accounting practices in large and middle-sized Finnish manufacturing units, using a questionnaire survey method. The usable response rate was 44 per cent (135 units). According to the respondents, significant changes have emerged in several areas of their operating environments and strategies during the last few years. Even though these changes have affected a number of cost accounting issues, their most significant effect has been the decrease in the proportion of direct labour costs in unit cost structures. The most important problem areas of cost accounting relate to the allocation of various overhead costs to products. The application of the so-called new cost accounting methods seems to be very infrequent: none of the responding units reported their true application. However, there were indications of current implementation of activity-based costing systems, as well as wide interest in developing them.
The Instructor's Optimal Mix of Teaching Methods

This paper presents a model for determining the lecturer's optimal mix of teaching methods. The optimal mix balances the greater time cost of more active teaching methods against the increase in the quality of the learning outcomes that result. In the case of two students in a class, one active learner and one passive learner, the optimal teaching mix and the time that each student chooses to spend learning are jointly determined. The paper also shows that the response of the optimal teaching mix to changes in the learning technology depends on the instructor's (or the university's) utility function. A Benthemite utility function implies equal weighting for additional learning outcomes of 'academic' and 'non-academic' students. A Rawlsian utility function implies a higher weighting of additional learning outcomes of 'non-academic' students. These and other utility functions imply different optimal teaching mixes.
The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Earnings

The effect of alcohol consumption on the earnings of full-time male workers is analysed using the Australian National Health Survey 1989-90. A multinomial logit choice model is used to explain workers' choice of drinking status and to correct for selection bias in the earnings equation estimation. It is found that moderate drinking leads to a significant earnings premium relative to abstention and heavy drinking. The results are consistent with moderate drinking improving individual's health and hence productivity and earnings. Copyright 2002 by The Economic Society of Australia.
To distinguish flexible and rigid lumbar curve from MRI texture analysis in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A feasibility study

Imaging in side bending, supine, traction, fulcrum, and push prone are examples of methods used to evaluate the curve reduction of scoliotic spine. However, being able to determine spine curve flexibility from MRI would eliminate the need of additional X‐ray radiation related to radiograph acquisition in side‐bending.
Modeling of a four-leg inverter based DSTATCOM for load compensation

This paper derives a generalized mathematical model of a three-phase, four-wire, four-leg voltage source inverter topology for a DSTATCOM application. The four-leg inverter is operated in a current controlled mode by a suitable control strategy, to inject compensator currents in order to achieve harmonic compensation, load balancing and power factor correction. The four-leg compensator topology is also capable of compensating the dc component of the zero sequence current in the neutral conductor. The reference currents extracted through the instantaneous symmetrical component theory are tracked through hysteresis current control technique. The conditions required for a stable switching control are obtained using the Lyapunov stability criterion. The derived model has been verified by carrying out simulation studies through MATLAB and PSCAD, along with relevant results and discussions. Compensation is found to be effective with the supply relieved of harmonics, reactive power and unbalanced currents, confirming the correctness of the model developed.
Secure advanced video coding based on selective encryption algorithms

Advanced video coding is recently announced and widely used, although the according protection means have not been developed thoroughly. In this paper, a secure AVC coding scheme is presented based on some partial encryption algorithms. During AVC encoding, such sensitive data as intra-prediction mode, residue data and motion vector are encrypted partially. Among them, the infra-prediction mode is encrypted based on exp-Golomb entropy coding, the intra-macroblocks' DCs are encrypted based on context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and infra-macroblocks' ACs and the inter-macroblocks' MVDs are sign-encrypted with a stream cipher followed with variable-length coding. This encryption scheme is secure in perception, keeps format compliance, and obtains high time efficiency though reducing the encrypted data volumes. These properties make it practical to incorporate encryption/decryption process into compression/decompression process, and thus suitable for secure video transmission or sharing.
New equation for calculating total interaction energy in one noncyclic ABC triad and new insights into cooperativity of noncovalent bonds

In this work, a new equation consist of A⋅⋅⋅B, B⋅⋅⋅C, A⋅⋅⋅BC, and AB⋅⋅⋅C interactions is proposed for calculating the total interaction energy of noncyclic ABC triads. New equations are also proposed for calculating the changes in values of A⋅⋅⋅B and B⋅⋅⋅C interactions on the formation of triad from the corresponding dyads. The advantages of equations proposed here in comparison with many‐body interaction energy approach are discussed. All proposed equations were tested in F3MLi⋅⋅⋅NCH⋅⋅⋅HLH and F3MLi⋅⋅⋅HLH⋅⋅⋅HCN (M = C, Si; L = Be, Mg) as well as H3N⋅⋅⋅XY⋅⋅⋅HF (X, Y = F, Cl, Br) noncyclic A⋅⋅⋅B⋅⋅⋅C triads. The data show that the total cooperativity of triad correlates well with the sum of the changes in values of A⋅⋅⋅B and B⋅⋅⋅C interactions calculated through new equations proposed here. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exploring the meaning of money : a study of the impact of microfinance in Koppal district of India

The proliferation of microfinance worldwide has been due to its claimed impacts on poverty reduction and women's empowerment. Conversely, it has been criticised for furthering the neoliberal policies of external agencies by using poor women’s entrepreneurship and mutual trust as a joint liability mechanism to reduce the costs and risks for the capital provider. Set against this, Indian microfinance exhibits a wide spectrum of delivery models, from subsidized to unsubsidized and commercial credit. Microfinance impact literature considers its impact to be neutral to the process of delivery and therefore contains few cross model comparisons. It privileges the dominant policy model of primarily positive impacts, and has overlooked rather than examined differing worldviews. This research questions external perspectives and explores actor perspectives. This research is located in a semi-arid livelihoods context, i.e. the Koppal district in Karnataka State, India. It takes a critical and interpretive approach and adopts a longitudinal case study methodology to examine use of money from women's own perspectives. The field work shows that loan demand is context dependent and low in a semi-arid region with uncertain and risky investment opportunities. Microfinance provided by informal sources was used for survival and social needs. Three models of formal microfinance delivery emerged, of which two relegated the poor to the margins but the SHG-Bank linkage model combined poverty focus and market orientation to offer a stable borrower lender relationship. The field research also considered the social learning process that takes place among Self Help Groups (SHGs) in the utilisation and repayment of microfinance. The women differentiate money delivered in different ways, and social relationships determined financial relationships. This research reveals multiple meanings of money, recognises new opportunities and vulnerabilities created by formation of SHGs, and highlights that microfinance models which provide women access and control over money enhanced their decision making ability and so were the most empowering.