Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Capital in Collaborative Projects: Insights from a Three-Partner Case

Collaborative projects are increasingly common today due to the fact that many partners are leveraging technology to improve transactional efficiencies. Such projects required specialized knowledge of the partners to be integrated and therefore pose the challenges of inter organizational knowledge integration; integrating diverse knowledge bases across organizations (Bhandar et al 2006). Studies on knowledge integration and inter-organizational networks indicate that social capital, a resource based on social relationships, can influence knowledge integration and inter-organizational networks positively. Since partners in a collaborative project are likely to possess this resource due to their partnership, we adopt a knowledge integration view of collaborative projects to provide an understanding of the influence of social capital on these projects. Through a qualitative empirical study of a collaborative project involving three partner firms, this study shows how the different aspects of social capital can influence knowledge integration behavior of the partners for the project. The paper also indicates that presence of social capital alone does not ensure its influence; certain interventions help leverage the resource for its benefits. Implications to research and practice are discussed.
PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS AND ENDOTHELIN AS MODULATORS OF RESPIRATORY NEUROTRANSMISSION

1. Airway smooth muscle receives cholinergic, adrenergic and non‐adrenergic, non‐cholinergic (NANC) neural input. In guinea‐pig airways cholinergic and NANC nerves provide contractile innervation, while adrenergic and NANC nerves provide nerves provide relaxant pathways. In contrast, the major relaxant innervation in human airways is NANC in nature.
Successful short-term re-learning and generalisation of concepts in semantic dementia

ABSTRACT Patients with semantic dementia (SD) can rapidly and successfully re-learn word labels during cognitive intervention. This new learning, however, usually remains rigid and context-dependent. Conceptual enrichment (COEN) training is a therapy approach aimed to produce more flexible and generalisable learning in SD. In this study we compare generalisation and maintenance of learning after COEN with performance achieved using a classical naming therapy (NT). The study recruited a 62-year-old woman with SD. An AB1ACAB2 experimental design was implemented, with naming performance assessed at baseline, post- intervention, 3 and 6 weeks after the end of each treatment phase. Three generalisation tasks were also assessed pre- and post-intervention. Naming post-intervention improved significantly following both therapies, however, words trained using COEN therapy showed a significantly greater degree of generalisation than those trained under NT. In addition, only words trained with COEN continued to show significant improvements compared with baseline performance when assessed 6 weeks after practice ceased. It was concluded that therapies based on conceptual enrichment of the semantic network facilitate relearning of words and enhance generalisation in patients with SD.
The use of biomarkers in ecological risk assessment: recommendations from the Christchurch conference on Biomarkers in Ecotoxicology

S. MARSHALL ADAMS1, JOHN P. GIESY 2, LOUIS A. TREMBLAY3 and CHARLES T. EASON3* 1 Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 USA 2 Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Environmental Toxicology, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA 3 CENTOX (Centre for Environmental Toxicology), Landcare Research, PO Box 69, Lincoln, New Zealand.
Complex Serology and Immune Response of Mice to Variant High-Molecular-Weight O Polysaccharides Isolated fromPseudomonas aeruginosa Serogroup O2 Strains

ABSTRACT The O antigen of the Pseudomonas aeruginosalipopolysaccharide is the optimal target for protective antibodies, but the unusual and complex nature of their sugar substituents has made it difficult to define the range of these structures needed in an effective vaccine. Most clinical isolates of P. aeruginosacan be classified into 10 O-antigen serogroups, but slight chemical differences among O polysaccharides within a serogroup give rise to subtype epitopes. These epitopes could impact the reactivity of O-antigen-specific antibodies, as well as the susceptibility of a target strain to protective, opsonic antibodies. To define parameters of serogroup and subtype-epitope immunogenicity, antigenicity, and surface expression on P. aeruginosa cells, we prepared high-molecular-weight O-polysaccharide vaccines from strains ofP. aeruginosa serogroup O2, for which eight structurally variant O antigens expressing six defined subtype epitopes (O2a to O2f) have been identified. A complex pattern of immune responses to these antigens was observed following vaccination of mice. The high-molecular-weight O polysaccharides were generally more immunogenic at low doses (1 and 10 μg) than at a high dose (50 μg) and usually elicited antibodies that opsonized the homologous strain for phagocytic killing. Some of the individual polysaccharides elicited cross-opsonic antibodies to a variable number of strains that express all of the defined serogroup O2 subtype epitopes. Combination into one vaccine of two antigens that individually elicited cross-reactive opsonic antibodies to most members of the O2 serogroup inhibited, instead of enhanced, the production of antibodies broadly reactive with most serogroup O2 subtype strains. Thus, immune responses to P. aeruginosa O antigens may be restricted to a limited range of epitopes on structurally complex O antigens, and combining multiple related antigens into a single vaccine formulation may inhibit the production of those antibodies best able to protect against mostP. aeruginosa strains within a given O-antigen serogroup.
Bioecological Exchange Theory: Trading Resources for Childcare in Mate Selection

Bioecological exchange theory is proposed, which resolves contradictions between sexual strategies theory and social role theory. People are hypothesized to flexibly shift their mate preferences in response to the percentage of resources they can provide within a couple, but not limitlessly. Men are hypothesized to facultatively shift between 25-100% of provisioning and women from 0-75% of provisioning, as seen in foragers. Both sexes are then hypothesized to trade provisioning for a reciprocal amount of childcare in a partner. Study 1 uses a sample of undergraduate Singaporean women (n = 197) to demonstrate that the more women expect to contribute to their household income, the less important social level becomes in a long-term mate. Study 2 uses an international community sample (n = 155) to show that both men and women expect to make less than their spouses when low in income, women expect to make the same as their spouses when high in income, and men expect to make more than their spouses when high in income. Women expect greater equality of provisioning and childcare the more they make, while men expect to make more than their spouses and do less childcare the more they make. Study 3 primed Singaporean undergraduates (n = 546) to feel like they would be high-earners or low earners when they graduate, and tested the effects of these conditions on preference for relative income across five levels of homemaking. It was revealed that women want men who make more than them even when husbands are willing to do 100% of childcare when low in income, but are willing to marry men who make less than them if husbands are willing to do 50% or more of housework and childcare when high in income. Men want potential wives to make more than them when low in income unless their wives do 100% of housework and childcare, but when high in income men find women making less than them to be acceptable across all levels of homemaking, except when women are unwilling to do any. These studies provide initial support for bioecological exchange theory, and highlight the importance of considering relative income within potential couples instead of simply between intrasexual competitors, as well as the underestimated role of parental care on human mate choice.
SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE ROMANIAN PUBLIC ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

As in many other fields, the Romanian public accounting system before and after the adherence to the European Union is characterized by vast change. Under these circumstances, it is mandatory to conduct an organizational assessment through SWOT analysis in order to understand which are the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the cash accounting system as a starting point in the public system’s, and subsequently the accounting system’s, process of transition to accrual accounting, adapted of course to the specific of our country. I consider the findings to be useful to all the users within the public accounting system which are thus capable to envision more easily the advantages, difficulties, benefits and shortcomings of the old accounting system against the new accounting system.
International IPO Underpricing, Earnings Quality, and Governance ú

Examining a sample of more than 4,600 IPOs across 24 countries from 2000-2004, we find that firm- and deal-specific characteristics widely used in IPO single-country underpricing studies (e.g., offer size, underwriter reputation, and industry) can explain variation in an international cross section of initial returns. More importantly, we also find that country-level measures of earnings quality and governance characteristics explain differences in the international cross section of IPO underpricing. We find lower initial returns in countries with higher earnings quality and that underpricing is generally higher in countries with corporate governance systems that strengthen the position of investors relative to insiders.
Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Lytic Bacteriophage LPST10, Isolated in China

ABSTRACT Bacteriophage LPST10 was isolated from Wuhan, China. Lytic activity was demonstrated against multiple Salmonella enterica serovars, including Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains. This bacteriophage has a 47,657-bp double-stranded DNA genome encoding 87 putative coding sequences.
Five-Phase Induction Motor Rotor Current Observer for Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control of Stator Current

Model predictive control (MPC) has recently been applied to induction motor (IM) drives in a configuration known as finite control set MPC (FCS-MPC). Its implementation must solve the problem of estimating rotor quantities, a task that is usually done using a simple backtracking procedure. On the other hand, observers have been used with field-oriented control (FOC), sensorless drives, and for fault detection but they have not been used yet for finite control set predictive current control of drives. This paper shows the benefits of incorporating a rotor current observer in a finite control set model predictive controller for the stator current of a five-phase drive. The observer design methodology employed in this work uses pole placement based on Butterworth filter design. The new estimation scheme is compared with the standard one in which nonmeasurable state components and other variables are lumped into one term that is updated. The differences between both approaches are experimentally analyzed and verified.
The Effects of the Web as a Form of Stakeholder Communication: An empirical case study of a co-operative

ii Lists of Tables and Figures v Chapter 1 Introducation 1 1.1 Overview of the Chapter 1 1.2 Research Context 1 1.3 Research Approach 2 1.4 Research Paper Structure 3 Chapter 2 Literature Review 5 2.1 Overview of the Chapter 5 2.2 Stakeholder Communication 5 2.3 A Form of Stakeholder Communication on the Web 14 2.4 Stakeholder Communication in Co-operatives 21 Chapter 3 New Zealand Dairy Industry and Fonterra 27 3.1 Overview of the Chapter 27 3.2 The New Zealand Dairy Industry and Fonterra 27 3.3 Fonterra’s Supplier-Shareholder Communication Management 29 3.4 Fencepost Website 32 3.5 Why Fonterra was Selected as the Case 35 Chapter 4 – Methodology 37 4.1 Overview of the Chapter 37 4.2 Research Approach 37 4.3 Research Design 42 Chapter 5 – Results and Discussion 55 5.1 Overview of the Chapter 55 5.2 General Attitudes and Perceptions 55 5.3 Factors for Rejecting or Embracing the Fencepost Website 71 5.4 Potential Benefits of Fencepost Website 80 5.5 Management Implications: the Three Considerations 84 Chapter 6 Conclusion 90 6.1 Overview of the Chapter 90 6.2 Summary of Findings 90 6.3 Research Contribution and Implication 93 6.4 Research Limitations and Future Studies 98 References 100 Appendices 107
Sandwich enzyme immunoassay of cystatin C in serum with commercially available antibodies.

We developed a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for determining cystatin C in serum by using commercially available antibodies. We optimized each assay step (e.g., concentrations of coating rabbit anti-human cystatin C antibodies and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibodies) and studied the binding kinetics of antigen and antibodies. The within-assay CV was < 5%, the between-assay CV was 8.8%, the detection limit was 0.9 microgram/L, and the assay can be performed within 2 h. Cystatin C concentrations in sera from men were significantly higher than in women (mean and SD: 2.14 +/- 0.31 vs 1.78 +/- 0.26 mg/L). We studied the cystatin C concentrations in sera of 31 outpatients with suspected kidney damages to characterize the behavior of this low-M(r) protein as a possible indicator for estimating the glomerular filtration rate. The correlation with the values obtained by a standard isotopic method involving 99mTc-diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid was rs = -0.89. The diagnostic sensitivity of cystatin C was 88.2% of that of the standard isotope clearance method and better than those of the conventional serum indicators of reduced kidney function, beta 2-microglobulin (64.7%) and creatinine (52.9%).
Computerized Classification of Epileptic Spikes - Computerisierte Klassifikation epileptischer Spikes

Key-words: Spikes detection, EEG, epilepsy A computerized spike Classification method is introduced based on minima/maxima detection in the first and second derivative of the EEG, parameter extraction on transient phenomena and pattern Classification with linear discriminant analysis. As the learning set the »Montreal data« were used; a validation was obtained by a procedure called »cross-validation«. A reclassification of the Montreal data resulted in about 90 % correct classif ications. Test data from two volunteers and three patients were analyzed. The result wassatisfying; artifacts were recognized äs »nonspikes«, but in the drowsy state and during iight sleep sigma spindles were sometimes misclassified äs »true spikes«.
Comments on "A Methodology for the Development of Distributed Real-Time Control Applications With Focus on Task Allocation in Heterogeneous Systems

In the paper by Prayati (IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1194-1207, Dec. 2004), the authors claim that a design methodology for the development of distributed control applications with focus on task allocation in heterogeneous systems has been defined and that an algorithm was developed for the allocation of the application's components to the system's devices. They also present a case study to highlight the presented approach. In this letter, it is argued that the number of errors, obscurenesses, and inconsistencies that exist in the described approach, i.e., the methodology and algorithm, raises many questions about the effectiveness of the methodology and the correctness of the algorithm as well as their application in the presented example
The role of the buyer in affecting buyer-seller relationships : empirical studies in a retail context

• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website. • The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review. • The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers.
Temporality and Evidence of Earnings Management in Fraud Companies

Companies manage earnings for a variety of reasons. One method managers use to manipulate earnings in order to meet expectations is discretionary accruals. Fraud and discretionary accruals has been studied in the past but confined in very specific contexts. The purpose of this study is to broaden the generalizability of these studies by addressing two significant issues. First, literature provides ample evidence that companies who managed earnings illegally resulting in fraud, did so using discretionary accruals. However, do all companies that commit fraud resulting in financial restatements, also display behavior consistent with earnings management? The second issue addressed is that of temporality. Is there a pattern to the use of discretionary accruals in the years leading to fraud? In other words is earnings management present for just the fraud period or for further periods leading up to the fraud? Using a sample of AAERs issued by the SEC is used as a proxy for fraud, the results show that earnings management is commonly used in firms who commit accounting fraud broadly not just those using earnings management as the primary vehicle. The results further show that the earnings management extends to more than one year prior to the fraud.
A general model of data service in spatial information grid

How to manage and utilize huge amounts of spatial data more efficiently is very important for data sharing and applications. This paper presents the research work of a general model of data service in China Spatial Information Grid. This project is to provide a foundational infrastructure for sharing large quantity of earth observation data and earth science applications in grid environment. It is uneconomical to write different middleware for heterogeneous data sources, so how to provide a general model with standard interface becomes important. First we discuss the special problems of data service in SIG. Then we classify currently EO data providing modes into three types. In detail, we show layer design of this general model, and illustrate by query and access services, which are the most frequent operations for data service. Then we describe the implementation of this model, and analysis middleware and standard interface design to support multi-data combination.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE SEVERITY OF SEPSIS AND THE CHANGES IN HEMOSTATIC MOLECULAR MARKERS AND VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE MARKERS

It is well known that disorders of coagulation and fibrinolysis play a major role in the development of organ dysfunction during sepsis. Furthermore, the importance of the early initiation of anticoagulation therapy for severe cases has been emphasized based on the success of recent clinical trials. The purpose of this study is to search for useful markers for predicting organ dysfunction. Plasma samples were prospectively collected from 78 patients within 48 h after the onset of sepsis. Hemostatic markers and endothelial damage markers were compared between the patients with and without organ dysfunction. The WBC and platelet counts were not different between the groups. In contrast, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products, D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin α2-antiplasmin complex, soluble fibrin, and total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 were significantly higher, and the antithrombin activity and protein C levels were lower in the patients with organ dysfunction. Thus, the changes in the hemostatic molecular markers were associated with organ dysfunction from an early stage of sepsis, and antithrombin and protein C activities were found to be the most reliable markers.
Molecular Determinants of General Anesthetic Action: Role of GABAA Receptor Structure

Abstract: Using receptors expressed from mouse brain mRNA in Xenopus oocytes, we found that enhancement of type A γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor‐gated Cl− channel response is a common action of structurally diverse anesthetics, suggesting that the GABAA receptor plays an important role in anesthesia. To determine if GABAA receptor subunit composition influences actions of anesthetics, we expressed subunit cRNAs in Xenopus oocytes and measured effects of enflurane on GABA‐activated Cl− currents. Potentiation of GABA‐activated currents by enflurane was dependent on the composition of GABAA receptor protein subunits; the order of sensitivity was α1β1 > α1β1γ2s=α1β1γ2L > total mRNA. The results suggest that anesthetics with simple structures may act on the GABAA receptor protein complex to modulate the Cl− channel activity and provide a molecular explanation for the synergistic clinical interactions between benzodiazepines and general anesthetics.
PCMO-Based RRAM and NPN Bipolar Selector as Synapse for Energy Efficient STDP

Resistance random access memories (RRAMs) are widely explored to show spike time dependent plasticity (STDP) as a learning rule to show biological synaptic behavior, as these devices possess analog conductance change. To implement STDP, pre- and post-neuronal waveforms are superposed. Only the peak voltage changes the conductance of memory. But due to the remaining part of the waveform (which don’t affect the conductance change), there is a significant amount of inadvertent current flow leading to unnecessary energy consumption. In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate that, the PCMO-based RRAM, a memristor (1M) in series with the NPN selector can be used as a synapse to reduce the undesirable energy consumption. First, we propose the pre- and post-neuronal waveform engineering required for PCMO-based memristor + Selector (1S1M) to reduce energy consumption. Second, we demonstrate experimentally that 1S1M synapse gives $> \mathsf {4700} \times $ reduction in energy consumption compared with 1M synapse for a single neuronal waveform. Third, we implement and compare anti-STDP for 1M and 1S1M synapse to show no loss of generality. Thus, we experimentally demonstrate 1S1M-based energy efficient synapse for brain inspired computing.
On the opportunistic location-aware transmission power adaptation in mm-wave communications

The millimeter wave communication is largely affected by distance dependent large scale fading. With the recent improvements in accurate localization techniques, location information can be exploited to improve the network capacity in an mm-wave channel instead of the more computationally extensive channel state information (CSI). We discuss how the classical waterfilling algorithm can be applied for a location-aware transmission power adaptation in a point-to-point wireless communication. The optimal transmission power to achieve maximal average capacity is computed as a function of the transmitter-receiver distance r when the transmitter is bounded by an average power constraint. Results reveal that capacity improvement is achieved with the proposed transmission power adaptation scheme, and the improvement is prominent when the receiver is distributed closer to the transmitter. We conclude with a discussion on the effect of location estimation error on the average capacity.