Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Improved Algorithm for Completely Hiding Sensitive Association Rule Sets

Association analysis is a powerful technology for discovering hidden information in huge databases. Nowadays, strategic alliances often share their information for exploring more useful decision-making information and for enhancing their core competitiveness. However, information sharing will potentially involve threats that privacy or sensitive information could be unconsciously divulged. In this study, we propose a novel algorithm, ADSSI, for privacy preservation against association rule analysis. Through entirely analyzing all types of frequent items, ADSSI reduces the risk of sensitive information leakage by slightly modifying transactions in a database. ADSSI is able to completely hide all sensitive association rule sets while no new rules generated in the shared database. Moreover, compared to the current-best works, experimental results show that ADSSI outperforms other published algorithms in terms of side effects generated.
Clinical trial comparing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) plus brief counselling, brief counselling alone, and minimal intervention on smoking cessation in hospital inpatients

Background: Guidelines recommend that smoking cessation interventions are offered in all clinical settings to all smokers willing to make a quit attempt. Since the effectiveness of routine provision of behavioural counselling and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to smokers admitted to hospital has not been established, a randomised controlled trial of these interventions given together compared with counselling alone or minimal intervention was performed in hospital inpatients. Methods: Medical and surgical inpatients who were current smokers at the time of admission were randomised to receive either usual care (no additional advice at admission), counselling alone (20 minute intervention with written materials), or NRT plus counselling (counselling intervention with a 6 week course of NRT). Continuous and point prevalence abstinence from smoking (validated by exhaled carbon monoxide <10 ppm) was measured at discharge from hospital and at 3 and 12 months, and self-reported reduction in cigarette consumption in smokers was assessed at 3 and 12 months. Results: 274 inpatient smokers were enrolled. Abstinence was higher in the NRT plus counselling group (n=91) than in the counselling alone (n=91) or usual care (n=92) groups. The difference between the groups was significant for validated point prevalence abstinence at discharge (55%, 43%, 37% respectively, p=0.045) and at 12 months (17%, 6%, 8%, p=0.03). The respective differences in continuous validated abstinence at 12 months were 11%, 4%, 8% (p=0.25). There was no significant difference between counselling alone and usual care, or in reduction in cigarette consumption between the treatment groups. Conclusions: NRT given with brief counselling to hospital inpatients is an effective routine smoking cessation intervention.
Predicting the Topics to Review in Preparation of Your Next Meeting

Memory augmentation is the process of providing human memory with information that facilitates and complements the recall of an event in a person’s past. In this paper, we propose a novel time-series method for predicting the topics that one should review in preparation of one’s next meeting. This can be seen as a way of augmenting human memory. Since the number of topics that are discussed in different meetings of a typical person might be very large, there is a need for detecting topics that are more likely to continue in subsequent meetings, in order to focus one’s attention just on them. Our experimental results on real-world data demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art Hidden Markov Model (HMM) baseline.
On-Chip Stochastic Resonance of Ion Channel Systems With Variable Internal Noise

We induced stochastic resonance in planar lipid bilayer systems with alamethicin ion channels, and varied alamethicin concentration, membrane area, and applied voltage. We found that membrane-induced microphonic noise significantly affects the signature of stochastic resonance, and that this noise can be used to optimize ion channel-based biosensors.
A 2.1 M Pixels, 120 Frame/s CMOS Image Sensor With Column-Parallel $\Delta \Sigma$ ADC Architecture

This paper presents a 2.1 M pixel, 120 frame/s CMOS image sensor with column-parallel delta-sigma (ΔΣ) ADC architecture. The use of a second-order ΔΣ ADC improves the conversion speed while reducing the random noise (RN) level as well. The ΔΣ ADC employing an inverter-based ΔΣ modulator and a compact decimation filter is accommodated within a fine pixel pitch of 2.25-μm and improves energy efficiency while providing a high frame-rate of 120 frame/s. A prototype image sensor has been fabricated with a 0.13-μm CMOS process. Measurement results show a RN of 2.4 e<sub>rms</sub><sup>-</sup> and a dynamic range of 73 dB. The power consumption of the prototype image sensor is only 180 mW. This work achieves the energy efficiency of 1.7 e<sup>-</sup>·nJ.
Hypoxia treatment reverses neurodegenerative disease in a mouse model of Leigh syndrome

Significance Inherited or acquired defects in mitochondria lead to devastating disorders for which we have no effective general therapies. We recently reported that breathing normobaric 11% O2 prevents neurodegeneration in a mouse model of a pediatric mitochondrial disease, Leigh syndrome. Here we provide updated survival curves of mice treated with varying doses of oxygen and explore eventual causes of death. We explore alternative hypoxia regimens and report that neither intermittent nor moderate hypoxia regimens suffice to prevent neurological disease. Finally, we show that hypoxia can not only prevent, but also reverses the brain lesions in mice with advanced neuropathology. Our preclinical studies will help guide future clinical studies aimed at harnessing hypoxia as a safe and practical therapy. The most common pediatric mitochondrial disease is Leigh syndrome, an episodic, subacute neurodegeneration that can lead to death within the first few years of life, for which there are no proven general therapies. Mice lacking the complex I subunit, Ndufs4, develop a fatal progressive encephalopathy resembling Leigh syndrome and die at ≈60 d of age. We previously reported that continuously breathing normobaric 11% O2 from an early age prevents neurological disease and dramatically improves survival in these mice. Here, we report three advances. First, we report updated survival curves and organ pathology in Ndufs4 KO mice exposed to hypoxia or hyperoxia. Whereas normoxia-treated KO mice die from neurodegeneration at about 60 d, hypoxia-treated mice eventually die at about 270 d, likely from cardiac disease, and hyperoxia-treated mice die within days from acute pulmonary edema. Second, we report that more conservative hypoxia regimens, such as continuous normobaric 17% O2 or intermittent hypoxia, are ineffective in preventing neuropathology. Finally, we show that breathing normobaric 11% O2 in mice with late-stage encephalopathy reverses their established neurological disease, evidenced by improved behavior, circulating disease biomarkers, and survival rates. Importantly, the pathognomonic MRI brain lesions and neurohistopathologic findings are reversed after 4 wk of hypoxia. Upon return to normoxia, Ndufs4 KO mice die within days. Future work is required to determine if hypoxia can be used to prevent and reverse neurodegeneration in other animal models, and to determine if it can be provided in a safe and practical manner to allow in-hospital human therapeutic trials.
Trading quantum for classical resources in quantum data compression

We study the visible compression of a source [script E] = {|phii>,pi} of pure quantum signal states or, more formally, the minimal resources per signal required to represent arbitrarily long strings of signals with arbitrarily high fidelity, when the compressor is given the identity of the input state sequence as classical information. According to the quantum source coding theorem, the optimal quantum rate is the von Neumann entropy S([script E]) qubits per signal. We develop a refinement of this theorem in order to analyze the situation in which the states are coded into classical and quantum bits that are quantified separately. This leads to a trade-off curve Q*(R), where Q*(R) qubits per signal is the optimal quantum rate for a given classical rate of R bits per signal. Our main result is an explicit characterization of this trade-off function by a simple formula in terms of only single-signal, perfect fidelity encodings of the source. We give a thorough discussion of many further mathematical properties of our formula, including an analysis of its behavior for group covariant sources and a generalization to sources with continuously parametrized states. We also show that our result leads to a number of corollaries characterizing the trade-off between information gain and state disturbance for quantum sources. In addition, we indicate how our techniques also provide a solution to the so-called remote state preparation problem. Finally, we develop a probability-free version of our main result which may be interpreted as an answer to the question: "How many classical bits does a qubit cost? " This theorem provides a type of dual to Holevo's theorem, insofar as the latter characterizes the cost of coding classical bits into qubits.
An environment for contrast-based treatment of amblyopia using 3D technology

We have developed an application based on binocular vision for amblyopia treatment. It is founded on stereo vision of objects with different contrast. Fellow eye occlusion does not allow a binocular vision but only a monocular one. This approach causes brain skills loss like the perception of depth. Our system increases visual acuity for amblyopic patients using binocular vision. Binocular vision shows an object to each eye with different contrast. In fact, if we apply a right contrast ratio between amblyopic eye and lazy eye, then amblyopic patient is able to perceive both.
Cameron Brennan , Yunyu Zhang , Christopher Leo , et al . with Long Oligonucleotide Microarray High-Resolution Global Profiling of Genomic Alterations

Cancer represents the phenotypic end point of multiple genetic lesions that endow cells with a full range of biological properties required for tumorigenesis. Among the hallmark features of the cancer genome are recurrent regional gains and losses that, upon detailed characterization, have provided highly productive discovery paths for new oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In this study, we describe the use of an oligonucleotide-based microarray platform and development of requisite assay conditions and bioinformatic mining tools that permits high-resolution genome-wide array-comparative genome hybridization profiling of human and mouse tumors. Using a commercially available 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray, we demonstrate that this platform provides sufficient sensitivity to detect single-copy difference in gene dosage of full complexity genomic DNA while offering high resolution. The commercial availability of the microarrays and associated reagents, along with the technical protocols and analytical tools described in this report, should provide investigators with the immediate capacity to perform DNA analysis of normal and diseased genomes in a global and detailed manner.
Verbal Counting and Spatial Strategies in Numerical Tasks: Evidence from Indigenous Australia

In this study, we test whether children whose culture lacks CWs and counting practices use a spatial strategy to support enumeration tasks. Children from two indigenous communities in Australia whose native and only language (Warlpiri or Anindilyakwa) lacked CWs and were tested on classical number development tasks, and the results were compared with those of children reared in an English-speaking environment. We found that Warlpiri- and Anindilyakwa-speaking children performed equivalently to their English-speaking counterparts. However, in tasks in which they were required to match the number of objects in a display, they were more likely to reconstruct part or all of the spatial arrangement of the target than were their English-speaking counterparts. Following John Locke's interpretation of users of similar American languages and in contrast with later Whorfian interpretations, we suggest that CWs may be strategically useful, but that in their absence, other task-specific strategies will be deployed.
Ad Hoc Query: a reusable database access capability

In the current atmosphere of military downsizing, the military is forced to rely more on automated information systems to effectively leverage fewer personnel. Thus, an active area of military contracting involves the development of automated information systems. The requirements for various information systems span a spectrum of sizes, platforms, and application domains. However, a capability that is common to many of these systems is the ability to construct and execute ud hoc reports by non-expert users. Under contracts with the Army and Joint communities, Systems Research and Applications Corporation (SRA) has developed a system that gives non-expert users access to information and reports from relational databases. The Ad Hoc Query (AHQ) system is based on Universal Relation concepts and allows users to query a database without prior knowledge of the structural details of the database design or formal query languages, such as the Structured Query Language (SQL). AHQ uses an active data dictionary approach to present the information contained in a database to the user. The benefit of this approach is that changes to the database design can be absorbed in the data dictionary, eliminating the costs associated with software changes. In fact, the data dictionary can be completely replaced, allowing the AHQ system to be used in completely new domains. There are currently two generations of AHQ in the Army Reuse Center (ARC) software component repository. Both are written in the Ada programming language. The first generation is based on the XDB’ database management system and a character-based user interface developed for the Army’s Standard Installation/Division Personnel System Version 3 (SIDPERS-3) project. The second generation uses an Oracle* database interface and an X-windows/Motif graphical user interface developed for the Joint Operations Planning and Executions System (JOPES), Scheduling and Movement/Client-Server (S&M/CS) project.
Doloto: code splitting for network-bound web 2.0 applications

Modern Web 2.0 applications, such as GMail, Live Maps, Face-book and many others, use a combination of Dynamic HTML, JavaScript and other Web browser technologies commonly referred to as AJAX to push application execution to the client web browser. This improves the responsiveness of these network-bound applications, but the shift of application execution from a back-end server to the client also often dramatically increases the amount of code that must first be downloaded to the browser. This creates an unfortunate Catch-22: to create responsive distributed Web 2.0 applications developers move code to the client, but for an application to be responsive, the code must first be transferred there, which takes time. In this paper, we present Doloto, an optimization tool for Web 2.0 applications. Doloto analyzes application workloads and automatically rewrites the existing application code to introduce dynamic code loading. After being processed by Doloto, an application will initially transfer only the portion of code necessary for application initialization. The rest of the application's code is replaced by short stubs---their actual implementations are transfered lazily in the background or, at the latest, on-demand on first execution of a particular application feature. Moreover, code that is rarely executed is rarely downloaded to the user browser. Because Doloto significantly speeds up the application startup and since subsequent code download is interleaved with application execution, applications rewritten with Doloto appear much more responsive to the end-user. To demonstrate the effectiveness of Doloto in practice, we have performed experiments on five large widely-used Web 2.0 applications. Doloto reduces the size of application code download by hundreds of kilobytes or as much as 50% of the original download size. The time to download and begin interacting with large applications is reduced by 20--40% depending on the application and wide-area network conditions. Doloto especially shines on wireless and mobile connections, which are becoming increasingly important in today's computing environments.
BRAFV600E Cooperates with PI3K Signaling, Independent of AKT, to Regulate Melanoma Cell Proliferation

Mutationally activated BRAFV600E cooperates with PTEN silencing in the conversion of normal melanocytes to metastatic melanoma cells, but the mechanism underlying this cooperation is poorly understood. Here, the consequences of pharmacologic blockade of BRAFV600E or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling were explored using pathway-targeted inhibitors and a panel of human BRAF-mutated melanoma-derived cell lines. Blockade of BRAFV600E → MEK1/2 → ERK1/2 or class I PI3K inhibited melanoma proliferation, whereas inhibition of AKT had only modest effects, even in cells with mutated or amplified AKT. Although single-agent inhibition of either BRAFV600E or PI3K signaling elicited antiproliferative effects, combinatorial inhibition was more potent. Analysis of signaling downstream of BRAFV600E or PI3K revealed that these pathways cooperated to regulate protein synthesis through AKT-independent, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent effects on p70S6K, ribosomal protein S6, and 4E-BP1 phosphorylation. Moreover, inhibition of mTORC1/2 inhibited cell proliferation as profoundly as single-agent inhibition of either BRAFV600E or PI3K signaling. These data reveal a mechanism by which BRAFV600E and PI3K signaling cooperate to regulate melanoma proliferation through AKT-independent effects on protein translation. Furthermore, this study provides a potential foundation for pathway-targeted combination therapy designed to enhance the therapeutic benefit to patients with melanoma that contain combined alterations in BRAF and PI3K signaling. Implications: PI3K, but not AKT, represent potential targets for melanoma therapy. Mol Cancer Res; 12(3); 447–63. ©2014 AACR.
Hepcidin in human iron disorders: diagnostic implications.

BACKGROUND The peptide hormone hepcidin plays a central role in regulating dietary iron absorption and body iron distribution. Many human diseases are associated with alterations in hepcidin concentrations. The measurement of hepcidin in biological fluids is therefore a promising tool in the diagnosis and management of medical conditions in which iron metabolism is affected. CONTENT We describe hepcidin structure, kinetics, function, and regulation. We moreover explore the therapeutic potential for modulating hepcidin expression and the diagnostic potential for hepcidin measurements in clinical practice. SUMMARY Cell-culture, animal, and human studies have shown that hepcidin is predominantly synthesized by hepatocytes, where its expression is regulated by body iron status, erythropoietic activity, oxygen tension, and inflammatory cytokines. Hepcidin lowers serum iron concentrations by counteracting the function of ferroportin, a major cellular iron exporter present in the membrane of macrophages, hepatocytes, and the basolateral site of enterocytes. Hepcidin is detected in biologic fluids as a 25 amino acid isoform, hepcidin-25, and 2 smaller forms, i.e., hepcidin-22 and -20; however, only hepcidin-25 has been shown to participate in the regulation of iron metabolism. Reliable assays to measure hepcidin in blood and urine by use of immunochemical and mass spectrometry methods have been developed. Results of proof-of-principle studies have highlighted hepcidin as a promising diagnostic tool and therapeutic target for iron disorders. However, before hepcidin measurements can be used in routine clinical practice, efforts will be required to assess the relevance of hepcidin isoform measurements, to harmonize the different assays, to define clinical decision limits, and to increase assay availability for clinical laboratories.
Circularity, Solidity, Axes of a Best Fit Ellipse, Aspect Ratio, and Roundness of the Foramen Ovale: A Morphometric Analysis With Neurosurgical Considerations

AbstractThe structure of the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone is clinically important, particularly with regard to surgical procedures that cannulate the foramen such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, percutaneous biopsy of parasellar lesions, and electroencephalographic analysis of the temporal lobe among patients undergoing selective amygdalohippocampectomy. Differences in the morphology of the foramen ovale (FO) have been reported to contribute to difficulties in the cannulation of the FO. Reports regarding the structure of the FO, however, use subjective and ambiguous descriptions of morphology, including “oval,” “truly oval,” “elongated oval,” “elongated,” “semicircular,” “almond,” “round,” “rounded,” “slit,” “irregular,” “D shape,” and “pear. ” Therefore, it is necessary to describe the structure of the FO with reproducible objective morphometric data. This study analyzed 169 foramina to determine normative morphometric shape descriptions of the following: area, perimeter, circularity, solidity, axes of a best fit ellipse, aspect ratio, and roundness. The shape descriptors reported herein may aid in identification and description of structural variation in FO including bony projections encroaching upon the foramina and may improve surgical approaches to transovale cannulation.
Crystal Growth of CdTe by Gradient Freeze in Universal Multizone Crystallizator (UMC)

In this study, crystals of CdTe were grown from melts, which have undergone different thermal history, by the unseeded gradient freeze method using the Universal Multizone Crystallizator (UMC). The effects of melt conditions on the quality of grown crystal were studied by various characterization techniques, including Synchrotron White Beam X-ray Topography (SWBXT), atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrical conductivity and Hall measurements.
Static Filtered Sky Color Constancy

In Computer Vision, the sky color is used for lighting correction, image color enhancement, horizon alignment, image indexing, and outdoor image classification and in many other applications. In this article, for robust color based sky segmentation and detection, usage of lighting correction for sky color detection is investigated. As such, the impact of color constancy on sky color detection algorithms is evaluated and investigated. The color correction (constancy) algorithms used includes Gray-Edge (GE), Gray-World (GW), Max-RGB (MRGB) and Shades-of-Gray (SG). The algorithms GE, GW, MRGB, and SG, are tested on the static filtered sky modeling. The static filter is developed in the LAB color space. This evaluation and analysis is essential for detection scenarios, especially, color based object detection in outdoor scenes. From the results, it is concluded that the color constancy before sky color detection using LAB static filters has the potential of improving sky color detection performance. However, the application of the color constancy can impart adverse effects on the detection results. For images, the color constancy algorithms depict a compact and stable representative of the sky chroma loci, however, the sky color locus might have a shifting and deviation in a particular color representation. Since the sky static filters are using the static chromatic values, different results can be obtained by applying color constancy algorithms on various datasets.