Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management and Risk Factors for Dyslipidemia With the Ketogenic Diet

A prospective study was performed of all children started on the ketogenic diet at our institution for intractable epilepsy from January 2003 to March 2007 (n = 137), examining for baseline and follow-up total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Interventions for dyslipidemia were analyzed for their effectiveness. At baseline, 25% of children had hypercholesterolemia (>200 mg/dL), which increased to 60% for those receiving the ketogenic diet. Children receiving a solely formula-based ketogenic diet were less likely to have hypercholesterolemia than those eating solid food after adjusting for age and initial ketogenic ratio (P < .001). Only a slightly higher likelihood of a 20% decrease in cholesterol occurred for those children in whom a dietary intervention was made compared with observation alone (60% vs 41%; P = .11). Hypercholesterolemia occurs in most children receiving a solid food based ketogenic diet but improved in approximately half, even without interventions.
ASGR1 and ASGR2, the Genes that Encode the Asialoglycoprotein Receptor (Ashwell Receptor), Are Expressed in Peripheral Blood Monocytes and Show Interindividual Differences in Transcript Profile

Background. The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is a hepatic receptor that mediates removal of potentially hazardous glycoconjugates from blood in health and disease. The receptor comprises two proteins, asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 and 2 (ASGR1 and ASGR2), encoded by the genes ASGR1 and ASGR2. Design and Methods. Using reverse transcription amplification (RT-PCR), expression of ASGR1 and ASGR2 was investigated in human peripheral blood monocytes. Results. Monocytes were found to express ASGR1 and ASGR2 transcripts. Correctly spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms of ASGR1 and ASGR2 were present in monocytes. The profile of transcript variants from both ASGR1 and ASGR2 differed among individuals. Transcript expression levels were compared with the hepatocyte cell line HepG2 which produces high levels of ASGPR. Monocyte transcripts were 4 to 6 orders of magnitude less than in HepG2 but nonetheless readily detectable using standard RT-PCR. The monocyte cell line THP1 gave similar results to monocytes harvested from peripheral blood, indicating it may provide a suitable model system for studying ASGPR function in this cell type. Conclusions. Monocytes transcribe and correctly process transcripts encoding the constituent proteins of the ASGPR. Monocytes may therefore represent a mobile pool of the receptor, capable of reaching sites remote from the liver.
Vectorial Information Structuring for Documents Filtering and Diffusion

Abstract: Information retrieval tries to identify relevant documents for an information need. The problems that an IR system should deal with include document indexing (which tries to extract important content from a document), user needs analysis (similar to document indexing but applied to a query), and their internal representation which makes them suitable for being explicitly manipulated by the corresponding algorithms (i.e., matching the query with the documents). This paper describes a vectorial approach for information organization, and its application to search/retrieval systems from a vast amount of textual data . Keywords: Vectorial information structuring, information filtering, terms classification, documents diffusion. Received March 7, 2006; accepted June 6, 2006 1. Introduction Information retrieval system objective is to offer information meeting at best the user's requirements, while having less possible interaction with him? In other terms, it’s about solving the duality "results relevance - research cost", that is being in center of the problems of information retrieval on Internet. Indeed, the tendency of documentary computing today is to be centered on the user’s status to filter, adapt, personalize its research all while discharging him from responsibility to guide it, so he can concentrate its efforts, either on access or acquirement of information, but especially on consumption or utilization of this one, that was to be his starting objective. That is called 'passive approach' adopted by tools such as mailing lists. However, transmitted information is sometimes less relevant than those of classical search engines where the need of powerful filtering taking into account the specificities of the final recipient. The question is to find a documents structuring shape which allows, on one hand to preserve at best their informational content and on other hand to make them usable by the various treatments to be applied on. This study presents a vectorial data structuring of both content (documents corpus) and needs (users profiles), and how it will improve the quality of information filtering carrying by our retrieval system [13] with the aim of diffusing only relevant content.
Language typology and the acquisition of bare noun/DP contrasts

If compositionality (the assumption that the meaning of an utterance is determined by the meaning of its parts and the way they combine) is an inherent property of the human language, we expect children to attribute meaning to even small differences in sentence form. The input contains minimal contrasts as in (1), whose interpretation may not be easy to disambiguate in a given discourse context. Our goal is examine how children acquire these minimal distinctions.
A G-CSF functionalized scaffold for stem cells seeding: a differentiating device for cardiac purposes

Myocardial infarction and its consequences represent one of the most demanding challenges in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Transfer of skeletal myoblasts into decompensated hearts has been performed through intramyocardial injection. However, the achievements of both cardiomyocyte differentiation and precise integration of the injected cells into the myocardial wall, in order to augment synchronized contractility and avoid potentially life‐threatening alterations in the electrical conduction of the heart, still remain a major target to be pursued. Recently, granulocytes colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) fuelled the interest of researchers for its direct effect on cardiomyocytes, inhibiting both apoptosis and remodelling in the failing heart and protecting from ventricular arrhythmias through the up‐regulation of connexin 43 (Cx43). We propose a tissue engineering approach concerning the fabrication of an electrospun cardiac graft functionalized with G‐CSF, in order to provide the correct signalling sequence to orientate myoblast differentiation and exert important systemic and local effects, positively modulating the infarction microenvironment. Poly‐(l‐lactide) electrospun scaffolds were seeded with C2C12 murine skeletal myoblast for 48 hrs. Biological assays demonstrated the induction of Cx43 expression along with morphostructural changes resulting in cell elongation and appearance of cellular junctions resembling the usual cardiomyocyte arrangement at the ultrastructural level. The possibility of fabricating extracellular matrix‐mimicking scaffolds able to promote myoblast pre‐commitment towards myocardiocyte lineage and mitigate the hazardous environment of the damaged myocardium represents an interesting strategy in cardiac tissue engineering.
On the Intraindividual and Gender Variability of Haemostatic Components

Summary The intraindividual variability in terms of coagulation analyses was explored in 10-16 samples collected from each of 15 women during one menstrual cycle. For comparison, six men were sampled six times during a period of 30 days. The following variables were analysed: FVII, FVIII, FX, vWF:Ag, vWF: ristocetin cofactor, fibrinogen, antithrombin, plasminogen and antiplasmin. The results demonstrated mean coefficients of variation ranging between 4.5 (plasminogen) and 20.7 (vWF:Ag). In certain individuals, the intraindividual variability amounted to nearly 40%, in particular in the assays of FVIII and vWF: Ag. No direct relation between these two factors and oestradiol, progesterone or testosterone levels could be observed in our individuals. The implications of these variations are discussed in terms of disease prediction and diagnosis of coagulation disorders.
Beyond SMART? A new framework for goal setting

This article extends currently reported theory and practice in the use of learning goals or targets with students in secondary and further education. Goal-setting and action-planning constructs are employed in personal development plans (PDPs) and personal learning plans (PLPs) and are advocated as practice within the English national policy agenda with its focus on personalisation. The article argues that frameworks widely used for goal setting and action planning by UK educational practitioners, in particular SMART targets or goals, have yet to be rigorously examined in the light of relevant theory and practice. Doing so is important given contemporary emphasis on the dimensions of the learner experience regarded by ‘learning to learn’ practitioners as underpinning effective learning in the modern classroom. The article draws from social cognitive theory and achievement goal theory, including Zimmerman's criteria for appropriate goals, to suggest an alternative framework for goal or target setting – ‘well-formed outcomes’, a construct from the field of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP). In comparison with SMART targets, the authors argue that well-formed outcomes offer a more rigorous and holistic approach, by taking greater account of the learner's identity, affective dimensions (feelings and emotions), social relations and values, as well as encouraging mental rehearsal.
Fiber Optic Refractometer Based on Cladding Excitation of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance

A fiber optic refractometer based on a novel configuration to excite localized surface plasmon resonance is demonstrated. The fiber sensor consists of a short segment of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) fusion spliced between multimode fibers. Evanescent field of cladding modes excite gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) immobilized on the PCF surface. The proposed sensor offers ease of fabrication, when normalized transmitted intensity is used to quantify external bulk refractive index (RI), sensitivity of -731%/RIU, limit of detection of 1.76×10-5 RIU can be achieved with high linearity (r2=0.9988) over RI range from 1.33 to 1.43 RIU.
Using customer-focused research and design to build a self-service online store: a case study

American government information centers need to be responsive to an increasingly customer driven information environment while ensuring the sustainability of operations. Enhanced self-service options offer one avenue for addressing both of these needs. This article presents a case study of how the US Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration used extensive stakeholder research and a customer-centric design to reframe its service model by building a self-service online store that integrates access to more than 1300 behavioral health publications previously housed in two separate clearinghouses. The redesigned Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Store offers users a modern e-commerce website that not only helps customers find, order, download, and share products, but also encourages serendipitous content exploration, which has led to increased orders containing both substance abuse and mental health publications.
The method of synergetic control for a group of homogeneous transport robots to solve formation tasks

We explore the problem of synergetic control law design for a group of mobile robots. To solve this problem we present the new approach to control of a group of mobile robot based on principals and methods of synergetic control theory. The design of group control synergistic transport robots is considered with the analysis of mathematic model and with specified aim. In the theory of synergetic control the set of criteria for the control system is usually expressed in the form of an appropriate system of invariants. Invariants play the role of control objectives, which are enforced a given technological problem, and the synergetic synthesis procedure reduces to process of finding the control laws on which these given invariants are satisfied. The synthesized control laws provide an asymptotically stable movement of a group of mobile robots with specified type of formation.
Mousterian Large‐Mammal Remains from Kobeh Cave Behavioral Implications for Neanderthals and Early Modern Humans1

Researchers have argued that Neanderthals and/or early modern humans scavenged the majority of the larger mammals represented in Middle Paleolithic/Middle Stone Age faunal assem‐blages at Combe Grenal, Grotte Vaufrey, Grotta Guattari, Grotta dei Moscerini, and Klasies River Mouth. If this is true, then these hominids practiced a pattern of faunal exploitation undocu‐mented among modern hunter‐gatherers. The evidence for this scavenging rests upon the presence of a head‐dominated or headand‐foot‐dominated skeletal‐element pattern. These are skeletal parts with little flesh. However, the sites where this pattern is found are either biased assemblages, shaft fragments having been discarded by the excavators, or unbiased ones in which shaft ments were not included in the zooarchaeologist's analysis. An analysis of the Mousterian fauna from Kobeh Cave, Iran, in which the mid‐shaft fragments of long bones typically considered nonidentifiable were refitted, identified, and entered into the mates of element abundance produced a skeletal‐element profile dominated by limb bones of the highest meat utility. If we remove these mid‐shaft fragments we create a profile of the headand‐foot variety. This suggests that the ubiquitous head‐and‐foot‐dominated or head‐dominated pattern is a methodological arti‐fact resulting from ignoring shaft fragments and that there is evidence that Neanderthals or early modern humans procured large mammals primarily from scavenging. Analysis of surface modification (cut marks, hammerstone percussion marks, and carnivore tooth marks) further substantiates a pattern of hunting by the Middle Paleolithic hominids that inhabited Kobeh Cave.
Understanding Contingencies Associated with the Early Adoption of Customer-Facing Web Portals

Web-based portals extend many convenient and collaborative capabilities to consumers and are being adopted by small firms with ever greater frequency, especially in the context of health care. The early adoption of patient portals by ambulatory-care clinics (outpatient health providers) presents a unique opportunity to more fully understand the characteristics of supply-side adopters in a context where firms (ambulatory-care clinics) are extending digital services to consumers (patients). Using diffusion of innovations literature and contingency theory as the theoretical base, we expand upon the firm characteristics traditionally considered to be predictors of adoption (e.g., firm size, slack resources, competition, capabilities, and management support) and examine how demand contingencies, service contingencies, and learning externality contingencies affect patient portal adoption by ambulatory-care clinics in the United States. We find that early adopters often have a structure in place that provides support for innovations (e.g., part of integrated delivery systems), as would be predicted by diffusion of innovation theory. We also find, though, that service contingencies associated with continuity of care, learning externality contingencies associated with local influences, and select demand contingencies associated with the local market significantly influence patient portal adoption decisions. Our findings suggest that the adoption and diffusion of patient portals may be affected by more than traditionally considered "dominant" firm characteristics and provide insights into how such customer-facing systems may be affected by contingent factors.
Simple, social, ethical and beautiful : requirements for UIs in the home

The paper sets out some requirements for the user interfaces of technologies that are to be used in the home. Each theme is illustrated with some of the current research being carried out at CUHTec. Interfaces for domestic technologies should be: Simple - we are willing to expend only slight cognitive resources in many domestic contexts (this theme is illustrated by the extreme example of assistive technology for people with dementia); Social - much of what we do in the home is purely for social enjoyment (illustrated by our work to develop quantitative measures of fun based on the behaviour of groups sharing photographs); Ethical - domestic caring technologies pose serious issues of privacy and informed consent (illustrated by our work on social dependability in the design of telecare), and Beautiful - the objects in our homes speak to our tastes and values (illustrated by our work with Jayne Wallace, a digital jeweller).
An Act-Based Conceptual Analysis of the Obsessive-Compulsive, Paranoid, and Histrionic Personality Disorders

Buss and Craik (1987) have outlined a conceptual framework and a set of methods for examining the correspondence between clinician's implicit conceptions of personality disorder (PD) and nonclinicians' implicit conceptions of everyday personality. We used these methods to develop three sets of behavioral descriptors, exemplifying personality dispositions pertinent to the obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, and histrionic PDs. A sample of clinical psychologists was asked to rate these descriptors on prototypicality for the PDs and a sample of non-clinicians was asked to rate these descriptors on prototypicality for the everyday dispositions from which the original sets of descriptors were derived. Behavioral descriptors prototypical of perfectionistic, methodical, and serious were prototypical of obsessive-compulsive PD. Descriptors prototypical of mistrustful, suspicious, and oversensitive were prototypical of paranoid PD; and descriptors prototypical of self-dramatizing and vain were prototypical of histrion.
Multiparty Compatibility for Concurrent Objects

Objects and actors are communicating state machines, offering and consuming different services at different points in their lifecycle. Two complementary challenges arise when programming such systems. When objects interact, their state machines must be “compatible”, so that services are requested only when they are available. Dually, when objects refine other objects, their state machines must be “compliant”, so that services are honoured whenever they are promised. In this paper we show how the idea of multiparty compatibility from the session types literature can be applied to both of these problems. We present an untyped language in which concurrent objects are checked automatically for compatibility and compliance. For simple objects, checking can be exhaustive and has the feel of a type system. More complex objects can be partially validated via test cases, leading to a methodology closer to continuous testing. Our proof-of-concept implementation is limited in some important respects, but demonstrates the potential value of the approach and the relationship to existing software development practices.
Visual Impairment, Hearing Loss and Cognitive Function in an Older Population: Longitudinal Findings from the Blue Mountains Eye Study

The presence of visual impairment (VI) and hearing loss (HL) with may be a marker for subsequent cognitive decline over time in older people. A prospective, longitudinal population-based study of the 3654 participants of the Blue Mountains Eye Study were assessed for the associations between VI and HL and a decline in mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores over a duration of 10 years from the 5-year (baseline of this report) to the 15-year follow-up visits. MMSE was assessed at the 5-, 10- and 15-year follow-up visits. A decline ≥3 scores from 5-year to 10- or 15-year visits indicated possible cognitive decline. VI was defined as best-corrected visual acuity <6/12 in the worse-eye, HL was defined as pure-tone average >40 decibels in the worse-ear and dual sensory impairment (DSI) was defined by the co-presence of VI and HL, detected at 5-year follow-up (baseline of this report). Participants with no VI and HL over the same 5- or 10-year corresponding period were controls. Associations of VI, HL and DSI with possible cognitive decline were assessed using logistic regression models adjusting for age and sex after excluding subjects with a stroke history. The presence of VI, HL or DSI was not associated with possible cognitive decline over 5 years (odds ratio (OR) 0.84, 95% confidence-intervals (CI) 0.40–1.79, OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.61–1.70 and 1.41, 95% CI 0.54–3.72, respectively) or 10 years (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52–2.30, OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.65–1.82 and 1.15, 95% CI 0.28–4.73, respectively). There were no changes to these findings after adjustment for other potential confounders. Age was significantly associated with possible cognitive decline (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10 for both periods). Neither visual impairment, hearing loss nor dual sensory impairment was independently associated with subsequent decline in cognition.
Association of Interleukin-6 Signalling with the Muscle Stem Cell Response Following Muscle-Lengthening Contractions in Humans

Background The regulation of muscle stem cells in humans in response to muscle injury remains largely undefined. Recently, interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in muscle stem cell (satellite cell)-mediated muscle hypertrophy in animals; however, the role of IL-6 in the satellite cell (SC) response following muscle-lengthening contractions in humans has not been studied. Methodology/Principal Findings Eight subjects (age 22±1 y; 79±8 kg) performed 300 maximal unilateral lengthening contractions (3.14 rad.s−1) of the knee extensors. Blood and muscle samples were collected before and at 4, 24, 72, and 120 hours post intervention. IL-6, IL-6 receptor (IL-6Rα), cyclin D1, suppressor of cytokine signling-3 (SOCS3) mRNA were measured using quantitative RT-PCR and serum IL-6 protein was measured using an ELISA kit. JAK2 and STAT3 phosphorylated and total protein was measured using western blotting techniques. Immunohistochemical analysis of muscle cross-sections was performed for the quantification of SCs (Pax7+ cells) as well as the expression of phosphorylated STAT3, IL-6, IL-6Rα, and PCNA across all time-points. The SC response, as defined by an amplification of Pax7+ cells, was rapid, increasing by 24 h and peaking 72 h following the intervention. Muscle IL-6 mRNA increased following the intervention, which correlated strongly (R2 = 0.89, p<0.002) with an increase in serum IL-6 concentration. SC IL-6Rα protein was expressed on the fiber, but was also localized to the SC, and IL-6+ SC increased rapidly following muscle-lengthening contractions and returned to basal levels by 72 h post-intervention, demonstrating an acute temporal expression of IL-6 with SC. Phosphorylated STAT3 was evident in SCs 4 h after lengthening contraction, and the downstream genes, cyclin D1 and SOCS3 were significantly elevated 24 hours after the intervention. Conclusions/Significance The increased expression of STAT3 responsive genes and expression of IL-6 within SCs demonstrate that IL-6/STAT3 signaling occurred in SCs, correlating with an increase in SC proliferation, evidenced by increased Pax7+/PCNA+ cell number in the early stages of the time-course. Collectively, these data illustrate that IL-6 is an important signaling molecule associated with the SC response to acute muscle-lengthening contractions in humans.