Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fishing or a Z?: investigating the effects of error on mimetic and alphabet device-based gesture interaction

While gesture taxonomies provide a classification of device-based gestures in terms of communicative intent, little work has addressed the usability differences in manually performing these gestures. In this primarily qualitative study, we investigate how two sets of iconic gestures that vary in familiarity, mimetic and alphabetic, are affected under varying failed recognition error rates (0-20%, 20-40%, 40-60%). Drawing on experiment logs, video observations, subjects' feedback, and a subjective workload assessment questionnaire, results revealed two main findings: a) mimetic gestures tend to evolve into diverse variations (within the activities they mimic) under high error rates, while alphabet gestures tend to become more rigid and structured and b) mimetic gestures were tolerated under recognition error rates of up to 40%, while alphabet gestures incur significant overall workload with up to only 20% error rates. Thus, while alphabet gestures are more robust to recognition errors in keeping their signature, mimetic gestures are more robust to recognition errors from a usability and user experience standpoint, and thus better suited for inclusion into mainstream device-based gesture interaction with mobile phones.
Social Circles: Tackling Privacy in Social Networks

Users of social-networking services share an abundance of personal information with a large number of “friends. ” Services such as Facebook have recognized the need for privacy mechanisms that allow users to control which friends see what information. For example, users on Facebook can group their friends into Friend Lists, and then selectively present dierent profiles to each of these lists. Grouping several hundred friends into dierent lists, however, can be a laborious process; on what basis should users construct the Friend Lists? And even if the user were to group friends into lists, are these lists meaningful for setting privacy policies? To alleviate the burden of constructing meaningful lists manually, we propose to build—and evaluate the usability of—an automated grouping technique that analyzes the user’s social graph for social circles, i.e., clusters of densely and closely connected friends. With the hypothesis that a user shares information (mostly) uniformly with friends within the same social circle, we believe that identifying these social circles will give users a usable and meaningful grouping of friends, which they can further refine. In this paper, we provide an overview of our proposed technique, followed by a description of our planned user study.
Clinical Investigation : Determinants of Blood Cell Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content

Background: Although red blood cell eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content (the Omega-3 Index) predicts cardiovascular death, the factors determining the Index are unknown. Methods: In 704 outpatients, we undertook an investigation of the clinical determinants of the Index. Results: Factors associated with the Index in decreasing order were: EPA+DHA supplement use, fish consumption frequency, triglyceride level, age, high cholesterol history, and smoking. These factors explained 59% of Index variability, with capsules/fish intake together accounting for 47%. The Index increased by 13% (p< 0.0001) for each serving level increase in fish intake and EPA+DHA supplementation correlated with a 58% increase (p< 0.0001) regardless of background fish intake (p=0.25; test for interaction). A 100 mg/dL decrease in serum triglycerides was associated with a 15% higher (p<0.0001) Index. Conclusions: The intake of EPA+DHA-rich foods and supplements principally determined the Omega-3 Index, but explained only about half of the variability.
An end to end correctness verification approach for application specific usage control

Usage control is a comprehensive access control model developed to cater the security needs of the wide range of application domains. Safety property of the usage control model ensures only the design level safety whereas the correctness of usage control in software application depends on the correctness of implementation as well. Most of the research in access control left the correctness of implementation as a general software verification problem. Software verification in general requires an extensive exploration of the complete state space, whereas access control of an application evolves over few repeated protection states. This paper presents a method to verify the correctness of usage control implementation by capturing and analyzing only the protection states. We use this method in the end to end correctness verification approach, which ensures the design as well as implementation correctness of usage control and we also provide an illustrative case study.
On Order-independent Semantics of the Similarity Group-By Relational Database Operator

Similarity group-by (SGB, for short) has been proposed as a relational database operator to match the needs of emerging database applications. Many SGB operators that extend SQL have been proposed in the literature, e.g., similarity operators in the one-dimensional space. These operators have various semantics. Depending on how these operators are implemented, some of the implementations may lead to different groupings of the data. Hence, if SQL code is ported from one database system to another, it is not guaranteed that the code will produce the same results. In this paper, we investigate the various semantics for the relational similarity group-by operators in the multi-dimensional space. We define the class of order-independent SGB operators that produce the same results regardless of the order in which the input data is presented to them. Using the notion of interval graphs borrowed from graph theory, we prove that, for certain SGB operators, there exist order-independent implementations. For each of these operators, we provide a sample algorithm that is order-independent. Also, we prove that for other SGB operators, there does not exist an order-independent implementation for them, and hence these SGB operators are ill-defined and should not be adopted in extensions to SQL to realize similarity group-by. In this paper, we introduce an SGB operator, namely SGB-All, for grouping multi-dimensional data using similarity. SGB-All forms groups such that a data item, say O, belongs to a group, say G, if and only if O is within a user-defined threshold from all other data items in G. In other words, each group in SGB-All forms a clique of nearby data items in the multi-dimensional space. We prove that SGB-All are order-independent, i.e., there is at least one algorithm for each option that is independent of the presentation order of the input data.
Electronic Reprint Biological Crystallography Structural Comparison of Differently Glycosylated Forms of Acid-¬-glucosidase, the Defective Enzyme in Gaucher Disease Biological Crystallography Structural Comparison of Differently Glycosylated Forms of Acid-b-glucosidase, the Defective Enzyme in Gauch

Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases or the like is not permitted without prior permission in writing from the IUCr. Gaucher disease is caused by mutations in the gene encoding acid-glucosidase. A recombinant form of this enzyme, Cerezyme 1 , is used to treat Gaucher disease patients by 'enzyme-replacement therapy'. Crystals of Cerezyme 1 after its partial deglycosylation were obtained earlier and the structure was solved to 2.0 A ˚ resolution [Dvir et al. (2003), EMBO Rep. 4, 704–709]. The crystal structure of unmodified Cerezyme 1 is now reported, in which a substantial number of sugar residues bound to three asparagines via N-glycosylation could be visualized. The structure of intact fully glycosylated Cerezyme 1 is virtually identical to that of the partially deglycosylated enzyme. However, the three loops at the entrance to the active site, which were previously observed in alternative conformations, display additional variability in their structures. Comparison of the structure of acid-gluco-sidase with that of xylanase, a bacterial enzyme from a closely related protein family, demonstrates a close correspondence between the active-site residues of the two enzymes.
Outage achievable rate analysis for the Non Orthogonal Multiple Access Multiple Relay Channel

In this paper, we derive the individual and common symmetric ε-outage achievable rate for the relay assisted cooperative communication scheme, coined Non Orthogonal Multiple Access Multiple Relay Channel (NOMAMRC), defined as follows: (1) The sources are independent and want to communicate with a single destination with the help of multiple relays; (2) Each relay is half-duplex and apply a Selective Decode and Forward (SDF) strategy, i.e., it forwards only a deterministic function of the error-free decoded messages; (3) The sources are allowed to transmit simultaneously during both the listening and transmission phases of the relays. In this paper, the links are independent. No channel state information at transmitter is available, each link follows a slow Rayleigh fading distribution.
The influence of group membership and individual differences in psychopathy and perspective taking on neural responses when punishing and rewarding others

Understanding how neural processes involved in punishing and rewarding others are altered by group membership and personality traits is critical in order to gain a better understanding of how socially important phenomena such as racial and group biases develop. Participants in an fMRI study (n = 48) gave rewards (money) or punishments (electroshocks) to in‐group or out‐group members. The results show that when participants rewarded others, greater activation was found in regions typically associated with receiving rewards such as the striatum and medial orbitofrontal cortex, bilaterally. Activation in those regions increased when participants rewarded in‐group compared to out‐group members. Punishment led to increased activation in regions typically associated with Theory of Mind including the medial prefrontal cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus, as well as regions typically associated with perceiving others in pain such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula and lateral orbitofrontal cortex. Interestingly, in contrast to the findings regarding reward, activity in these regions was not moderated by whether the target of the punishment was an in‐ or out‐group member. Additional regression analysis revealed that participants who have low perspective taking skills and higher levels of psychopathy showed less activation in the brain regions identified when punishing others, especially when they were out‐group members. In sum, when an individual is personally responsible for delivering rewards and punishments to others, in‐group bias is stronger for reward allocation than punishments, marking the first neuroscientific evidence of this dissociation. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4989–4999, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Research and Implementation of Knowledge Management Methods in Software Testing Process

In software testing organizations, effective knowledge management of the testing process is the key to improve the quality of software testing. One of the most important research questions is how to effectively integrate the knowledge management with the software testing process so that the knowledge assets can be spread and reused in software testing organizations. In this paper, the current state of knowledge management in software testing was analyzed and the major existing problems were identified; a knowledge management system in software testing was designed and implemented. In the mean time, many ontology-based key technologies have been proposed, which could be used in knowledge representation of software testing, search and sorting of the knowledge document, and construction of the knowledge map. Finally, an example of the knowledge map module was given to verify that knowledge management in software testing is reasonable and effective
Using social connections to improve collaborative filtering

In this paper, we test the hypothesis that for a particular item recommendation, it matters more how a friend (i.e., another user who is socially connected) has rated than a random user. To test this, we propose a matrix factorization based collaborative filtering approach that utilizes the social connections as an additional term in the objective function that aims to minimize the difference between predicted and actual rankings. We obtain an improvement of 3.09% in accuracy for the Epinions dataset which has trust-based social connections and 0.61% on the Douban dataset which has friendship-based social connections.
Bombesin Analogue-Mediated Delivery Preferentially Enhances the Cytotoxicity of a Mitochondria-Disrupting Peptide in Tumor Cells

Tumor-homing peptides that recognize specific markers on tumor cells have shown potential as drug carriers for targeted cancer therapy. Bombesin receptors are frequently overexpressed or ectopically expressed in a wide range of human tumors. Bombesin and its analogues have been widely used as drug carriers for tumor imaging and tumor therapy. However, the cargos used in previous studies, including radioactive and chemotherapeutic agents, are usually small molecules. Mitochondrial-disrupting peptides depolarize the mitochondria and trigger apoptosis after entering tumor cells. We are interested in whether the bombesin analogue, Bn(6–14), which contains a bombesin receptor-binding motif, can specifically deliver the mitochondria-disrupting peptide, B28, to tumor cells. To this end, we created a chimeric peptide, B28Bn(6–14), by conjugating B28 to Bn(6–14) at its N-terminus. The cytotoxicity of B28Bn(6–14) in tumor cells was much stronger than unconjugated B28. The IC50 values of B28Bn(6–14) in tumor cells (1.7–3.5 µM) were approximately 10 times lower than B28. However, conjugation of B28 to Bn(2–7), which lacks the bombesin receptor-binding motif, did not increase its cytotoxicity. In addition, the IC50 values of B28Bn(6–14) in tumor cells (1.7–3.5 µM) was 3–10 times lower than in normal cells (10.8–16.8 µM). We found that selective binding of B28Bn(6–14) to tumor cells is Bn(6–14)-dependent. Upon entering the tumor cell, B28Bn(6–14) accumulated in the mitochondria and triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis. Intratumoral and intraperitoneal administration of B28Bn(6–14) substantially suppressed the growth of DU145 tumor xenografts in mice. These results demonstrate that Bn(6–14) is able to deliver the mitochondria-disrupting peptide to tumor cells, and B28Bn(6–14) should be further developed as novel anti-cancer agent.
Social Desirability Effects on Self-Reports of Behavior : Understanding the Effects of Audio-CASI

Large-scale surveys increasingly inquire into health-related behaviors such as sexual activity, drug use, and alcohol intake. Many of these behaviors are regarded as sensitive by potential respondents, sometimes leading to refusal to participate in the survey and sometimes to underreporting of what are regarded as undesirable behaviors. As a result, the issue of how to elicit truthful reports of such behaviors has assumed increasing importance and is receiving increasing attention. In 1996, for example, NIH devoted an entire workshop to the topic, entitled The Science of Self-Report: Implications for Research and Practice. While it seems clear that self-administration leads to more honest reporting of socially sensitive information, it is less clear whether audio-CASI is better than text-CASI, or why it should be so. In the only study to date that directly compared text-CASI and audio-CASI in a representative adult sample, Tourangeau and Smith (1996) found the advantage of audio-CASI over text-CASI to be relatively modest. By contrast, an unpublished study by Robles et al. (2001) found that students instructed to answer a survey under conditions where they would be assured of privacy disclosed more sensitive information, and had lower rates of item nonresponse, in a text-only condition compared with a recorded voice and a synthesized voice. Given the additional cost and effort of using audio-CASI for large-scale health surveys, it is important to explore the relative advantages of self-administered methods in greater depth.
Design Study of Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller for LOS Stabilized System

The LOS stabilization control based on gyro stabilized platform is required to isolate the line of sight (LOS) from the movement and vibration of carrier and ensure pointing and tracking for target in electro-optical tracking system. A hybrid adaptive fuzzy PID control is developed for this servo system with nonlinear property and some uncertainties. The self-tuning factors are made to modify the parameters of fuzzy controller online. A new learning algorithm of rules modifier is proposed to adjust control efforts. To eliminate the static error that fuzzy controller inheres and fulfil non-error control, the hybrid control are designed to achieve requirement for real-time and high stabilization precision. The experiment results in four-axes servo turntable are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in rejecting carrier disturbances
Two-phased Web Service Discovery

Service-Oriented Architectures enable the consumption of existing services in a standardized way to solve some specific needs. In order to consume some services made available by cooperating parties e.g. for performing some business activity, such services must be located based on different criteria. In this paper, we investigate how the semantic description of the capability of Web services and of customer goals can be exploited for (semi)automating Web service discovery based on functional requirements. For this purpose, we propose a two-phased Web service discovery model. In a first phase, relevant Web services in terms of the results they potentially provide are efficiently located. In a second phase, the inputs required by relevant Web services are considered and only Web services for which the customer can provide appropriate input and for which this input can lead to the expected results are selected. The first phase relies on subsumption reasoning with Description Logics, while the second one relies on a combination of query answering for Logic Programs and subsumption reasoning with Description Logics.
A k-means clustering algorithm based on the distribution of SIFT

Bag-of-Words based Image retrieval recently became the research hotspot. To improve the performance of visual word training in Bag-of-Words based image retrieval system, a k-means clustering algorithm based on the distribution of SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) feature data on each dimension is proposed. The initial clustering centers are obtained by analyzing the distribution of SIFT feature data on each dimension, and combing the iDistance method which is used to partition the data space in high-dimensional indexing according to the data distribution adaptively. Then the AKM (Approximate k-means) is used to do cluster on the sample feature data, train the visual words and get the visual vocabulary finally. In AKM, the k-d tree is built on the cluster centers at the beginning of each iteration to increase speed. The image retrieval system is constructed to verify the performance of our proposed method. Experiments are carried out on the oxford buildings 5k datasets which have 11 landmarks and the mAP (mean Average Precision) is used to evaluate the performance of image retrieval. Our proposed method achieves 31.9% compared to the AKM's 29.8%, so it is clear that our proposed method optimizes the visual words training process and finally improves the bag-of-words based image retrieval performance.
Two practical resource allocation techniques for fractional frequency reuse in IEEE 802.16m networks

A practical resource allocation in cellular networks should take into consideration inter-cell information exchange overhead, user channel feedback overhead, and adaptability to network status variations such as user distribution and traffic load. This paper presents two practical resource allocation techniques for the fractional frequency reuse (FFR) operation in IEEE 802.16m networks. Firstly, we propose a power allocation technique where the transmission powers across frequency partitions (FPs) are gradually adapted in a distributed way. The gradual power adaptation is derived from analysis of the optimal power allocation problem. Secondly, base station guided FP selection is proposed to obtain load balanced FP assignment with minimal feedback overhead. Simulation results show that the proposed techniques can enhance the spectral efficiency for the FFR under various network status.
EDGE-BASED DATA STRUCTURES FOR THE PARALLEL SOLUTION OF 3 D STEADY INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW WITH THE SUPG / PSPG FINITE ELEMENT FORMULATION

The parallel edge-based SUPG/PSPG finite element formulation applied to 3D steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. The highly coupled velocitypressure nonlinear system of equations is solved with an inexact Newton-like method. The locally linear system of equations originated by the inexact nonlinear method is solved with a nodal block diagonal preconditioned GMRES solver. Matrix-vector computations within the GMRES solver are computed edge-by-edge, diminishing floating point operations, and indirect memory addressing and memory requirements. The parallel implementation comprising message passing parallelism is addressed and the results for the three dimensional lid driven cavity flows and the laminar flow through a race car body are discussed. Results have shown that edge-based data structure is more efficient than traditional element-based schemes and the parallel inexact non-linear solver has shown good performance and robustness.
Effect of Autologous Platelet Rich Fibrin on the Healing of Experimental Articular Cartilage Defects of the Knee in an Animal Model

The effect of autologous platelet rich fibrin (PRF), a second generation platelet product, on the healing of experimental articular cartilage lesions was evaluated in an animal model. Full thickness cartilage lesions with a diameter of 6 mm and depth of 5 mm were created in the weight bearing area of femoral condyles of both hind limbs in 12 adult mixed breed dogs. Defects in the left hind limb of each dog were repaired by PRF implantation whereas those in the right hind limb were left empty. The animals were euthanized at 4, 16, and 24 weeks following surgery and the resultant repair tissue was investigated macroscopically and microscopically. The results of macroscopic and histological evaluations indicated that there were significant differences between the PRF treated and untreated defects. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the use of platelet rich fibrin as a source of autologous growth factors leads to improvement in articular cartilage repair.
etwork spread of invasive species and infectious diseases

Landscape heterogeneity, non-local spreading mechanisms, and long-distance transportation connections can affect the spread of an invasive species or infectious disease. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model that combines a vector-based transportation network with models for continuous invasive spread. Given a strongly connected, directed graph of transportation rates, we assume that carriers can transport a biological invader to distant sites. Following a possible latent stage, the invader then possibly establishes in the new location and spreads outwards in the continuous domain. Numerical results are shown for the invasion of Bromus tectorum in Rocky Mountain National Park based on the presence probability model of Strickland et al. (2013) and compare favorably with data. Analysis of the network component of the model reveals a unique, stable steady-state solution of the infected vectors. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. eywords: