Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Vulnerability to Depressed Affect in Dependent and Self-Critical College Women

The cognitive model of depression postulates that maladaptive attitudes are a vulnerability factor for depressive episodes. Personality approaches have also demonstrated that dependent and self-critical women are at greater risk for depressive affective states, particularly when faced with certain classes of events (Zuroff 6k Mongrain, 1987). It was hypothesized that dysfunctional attitudes may be an important component of dependent and self-critical individuals vulnerabilities. Moreover, specific themes were expected to be related to each personality dimension. Items from the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) that were judged to represent pertinent dysfunctional cognitions for each personality dimension were included in two subscales, the Anaclitic Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale and Introjective Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (ADAS and IDAS). A measure of appraisal of hypothetical life events was administered to assess the level of perceived stress associated with interpersonal and achievement-related eve.
Robust control of robot manipulators with torque saturation using fuzzy logic

Robot manipulators, which are nonlinear structures and have uncertain system parameters, are complex dynamically when operated in an unknown environment. To compensate for estimate errors of the uncertain system parameters and to accomplish the desired trajectory tracking, nonlinear robust controllers are appropriate. However, when estimation errors or tracking errors are large, they require large input torques, which may not be satisfied due to torque limits of actuators such as driving motors. As a result, their stability cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, a new robust control scheme is presented to solve stability problems and to achieve fast trajectory tracking of uncertain robot manipulators in the presence of torque limits. By using fuzzy logic, new desired trajectories which can be reduced are generated based on the initial desired trajectory, and torques of the robust controller are regulated so as to not exceed torque limits. Numerical examples are shown to validate the proposed controller using an uncertain two degree-of-freedom underwater robot manipulator.
In Vitro Inhibition of Adult Rat Intestinal Heme Oxygenase by Metalloporphyrins

ABSTRACT: We determined the inhibitory effects of concentrations of tin- and zinc protoporphyrin (1-100 /*M) and mesoporphyrin (0.1-10 µM) on the in vitro heme oxygenase (HO) (E.C.I.14.99.3) activity in liver, spleen, and intestine 13, 000 X g tissue supernatants from fasted adult male Wistar rats through measurement of carbon monoxide by gas chromatography. All four metalloporphyrins inhibited intestinal HO, under the light-limited conditions of these experiments. The zinc porphyrins showed a clear concentration dependency over the entire range, reducing activity to near zero levels at their highest concentrations. The tin porphyrins reduced HO activity to 26% of initial levels, but the inhibition was not clearly concentration dependent. Liver and spleen supernatants exhibited concentration dependent inhibition by all four metalloporphyrins. We also assessed the effect of light on HO activity measurements. HO determinations in the light (8 µW/cm2/nm) yielded higher HO activity than for reactions performed in the dark. The presence of light and SnPP appeared to stimulate the HO activity of intestinal preparations thus overcoming the observed inhibition. Light and SnPP also decreased to a lesser degree the inhibition for the spleen preparation, but not for the liver. We conclude that heme oxygenase activity measurements via CO determination need to be conducted in the absence of light, in particular when photosensitizers are present. Furthermore, it appears that intestinal HO behaves in a quantitatively different way from other tissues, under varying conditions of metalloporphyrin inhibition and light exposure.
Graph-Aided Directed Testing of Android Applications for Checking Runtime Privacy Behaviours

While automated testing of mobile applications is very useful for checking run-time behaviours and specifications, its capability in discovering issues in apps is often limited in practice due to long testing time. A common practice is to randomly and exhaustively explore the whole app test space, which takes a lot of time and resource to achieve good coverage and reach targeted parts of the apps.In this paper, we present MAMBA1, a directed testing system for checking privacy in Android apps. MAMBA performs path searches of user events in control-flow graphs of callbacks generated from static analysis of app bytecode. Based on the paths found, it builds test cases comprised of user events that can trigger the executions of the apps and quickly direct the apps’ activity transitions from the starting activity towards target activities of interest, revealing potential accesses to privacy-sensitive data in the apps. MAMBA’s backend testing engine then simulates the executions of the apps following the generated test cases to check actual runtime behavior of the apps that may leak users’ private data. We evaluated MAMBA against another automated testing approach that exhaustively searches for target activities in 24 apps, and found that our graph-aided directed testing achieves the same coverage of target activities 6.1 times faster on average, including the time required for bytecode analysis and test case generation. By instrumenting privacy access/leak detectors during testing, we were able to verify from test logs that almost half of target activities accessed user privacy data, and 26.7% of target activities leaked privacy data to the network.
Targeted Comprehensive Induction for Urban Educators: An Exploration of Teacher Motivation and Retention

This article calls into question recent research on induction and mentoring and illustrates the effects of comprehensive induction programs on new teacher motivation, satisfaction, and retention. This analysis contradicts recent research and suggests that comprehensive induction can positively influence the retention and development of new teachers, specifically teachers in urban, hard-to-staff schools. An understanding of the unique nature of and supports necessary to help new teachers navigate the complexity of teaching in today's urban diverse settings is offered. Implications for successful induction support for urban educators conclude the article.
A pluriliteracies approach to content and language integrated learning – mapping learner progressions in knowledge construction and meaning-making

Over the past decades content and language integrated learning (CLIL) research has predominantly focused on the language proficiency of CLIL learners. The results are very promising and show that working language skills in learners, especially reading and listening skills, can be improved through a CLIL programme. Studies focusing on subject learners are still few but they indicate that learners maintain or under certain conditions can improve their subject learning when compared to learners learning in L1. However, more recent studies have raised challenging questions concerning academic language competence which indicate that CLIL instruction may not be reaching its full potential. Unravelling the integrated approach and the inherent interrelationship of using language for progressing knowledge construction and meaning-making needs to be addressed, drawing together linguistic and pedagogic theoretical underpinnings. This article posits that CLIL can pragmatically address the growing educational malaise of functional illiteracy. We reason that progression along the knowledge pathway towards deeper subject understanding requires a greater command of secondary discourse, and mastery of subject-specific literacies. In traditional classrooms, content teachers do not usually focus on the quality of learners’ disciplinary literacy and discourse. In language classrooms, subject-specific literacies are considered irrelevant. We suggest that if ‘literacy’ were at the centre of the learning agenda, regardless of subject disciplines, a fundamental shift towards deeper learning would occur. Therefore, the article addresses two fundamental issues: (i) the role of subject-specific or disciplinary literacies in CLIL and (ii) the iteration of a model building on the existing 4Cs framework, which maps literacy and language progression in CLIL contexts and serves as a guide for evolving classroom practices.
Holding hands - guiding humanoid walking using sensorless force control

This paper presents a physical human-robot interaction (pHRI) interface, which enables the user to control a walking humanoid robot through physical contact. A human operator guides the robot in parent-child-like behavior by exerting force onto the hand of the robot. In contrast to a conventional approach of pHRI in which force/torque measurements are applied, the proposed solution is based on sensorless force control. Furthermore, we demonstrate an extension to the generic interface by implementing a number of gait control algorithms. This paper also evaluates user-acceptable robot responses while guiding a humanoid robot walking. User opinion on the presented control solution is evaluated through usability testing conducted among prospective users. The obtained results indicate that the developed interfaces present an effective solution to the problem of sensorless guidance of a walking robot.
Expatriate academics: job factors and work outcomes

Purpose - The literature on business expatriates has been increasing rapidly, but research on expatriate academics has remained scant, despite the apparent increasing globalisation of the academic world. Therefore, more research is needed on the latter group of expatriates. This paper aims to fill some of the gaps. Design/methodology/approach - A questionnaire was directed electronically towards expatriate academics occupying regular positions in science faculty departments in universities in northern Europe. Findings - Results showed that job clarity was the dominating job factor with strong relationships with all of the five investigated work outcome variables, work adjustment, work performance, work effectiveness, job satisfaction, and time to proficiency. Job conflict and job freedom had an association with some of the work outcome variables but not with all of them. Neither workload nor job novelty had a relationship with any of the work outcome variables of the expatriate academics. Originality/value - The paper shows that the findings are only partly consistent with previous research results concerning business expatriates, suggesting that the work situation for expatriate academics could have both similarities and discrepancies as compared to that of business expatriates.
Symbolic Trajectories

Due to the proliferation of GPS-enabled devices in vehicles or with people, large amounts of position data are recorded every day and the management of such mobility data, also called trajectories, is a very active research field. A lot of effort has gone into discovering “semantics” from the raw geometric trajectories by relating them to the spatial environment or finding patterns, for example, by data mining techniques. A question is how the resulting “meaningful” trajectories can be represented or further queried. In this article, we propose a systematic study of annotated trajectory databases. We define a very simple generic model called symbolic trajectory to capture a wide range of meanings derived from a geometric trajectory. Essentially, a symbolic trajectory is just a time-dependent label; variants have sets of labels, places, or sets of places. They are modeled as abstract data types and integrated into a well-established framework of data types and operations for moving objects. Symbolic trajectories can represent, for example, the names of roads traversed obtained by map matching, transportation modes, speed profile, cells of a cellular network, behaviors of animals, cinemas within 2km distance, and so forth. Symbolic trajectories can be combined with geometric trajectories to obtain annotated trajectories. Besides the model, the main technical contribution of the article is a language for pattern matching and rewriting of symbolic trajectories. A symbolic trajectory can be represented as a sequence of pairs (called units) consisting of a time interval and a label. A pattern consists of unit patterns (specifications for time interval and/or label) and wildcards, matching units and sequences of units, respectively, and regular expressions over such elements. It may further contain variables that can be used in conditions and in rewriting. Conditions and expressions in rewriting may use arbitrary operations available for querying in the host DBMS environment, which makes the language extensible and quite powerful. We formally define the data model and syntax and semantics of the pattern language. Query operations are offered to integrate pattern matching, rewriting, and classification of symbolic trajectories into a DBMS querying environment. Implementation of the model using finite state machines is described in detail. An experimental evaluation demonstrates the efficiency of the implementation. In particular, it shows dramatic improvements in storage space and response time in a comparison of symbolic and geometric trajectories for some simple queries that can be executed on both symbolic and raw trajectories.
The Reading Level Paradox: Why Children's Picture Books Are Less Cohesive Than Adult Books

Three experiments explored how pictures in award-winning children's storybooks contribute to their cohesion. In Experiment 1, one group of college students read storybooks with pictures, and another group read them with the pictures removed. Both groups answered questions inserted periodically. The source for about one half of the questions was the pictures, and the source for the remaining questions was the written text. The answers to one half of the questions from each source were explicitly contained in the immediately preceding text or pictures, and the remainder required inferences that went beyond the immediately preceding information. Not surprisingly, questions based on the pictures could not be answered without the pictures. In Experiment 2, the texts without pictures were rewritten to provide the essential storyline information that the pictures had supplied. Cohesion of both the original and rewritten texts was assessed with Coh-Metrix indexes. The changes resulted in increased cohesion for referential and semantic information, with relatively little change in syntactic cohesion indexes or readability levels. In Experiment 3, the pattern of college students' responses to questions on the revised texts was very similar to responses in Experiment 1 to the texts with pictures.
Phase-coded interrupted continuous waveform for two HF radars sharing the same frequency

Phase-coded interrupted continuous waveform (PCICW) derived from P4 code is presented here for two radars sharing the same frequency. PCICW retains zero sidelobe within the range regions of interest. The transmitted codes from two radars are modulation multiplexed, and the echoes from different transmitters locate at different range regions after correlation computation. This waveform can improve the efficiency of frequency usage, and also make it possible to measure the total velocity through one receiver's outputs. A design example for two sea remote sensing HF ground wave radars (HFGWRs) is given here.
The New Constitutionalism and the Impact of Spill-wer

This article provides a preliminary examination of the political consequences of constitutional reform for the territorial management of the British State. Drawing on European integration theory, it argues that the constitutional reform process can best be examined through the lens of a modified neo ficnctionalist approach which allows the political scientist to: (1) study constitutional reform as a process; (2) describe what appears to be going on in the process; (3) identify factors of integration and disintegration; and, (4), predict future outcomes. It concludes that although the New Constitutionalism is likely to be plagued by factors of disintegration that will undermine territorial management and administration, these will be counterbalanced by factors of integration which will increase the radicalism of reform and the scope and intensity of change.
click on paper title to view Visual Supplement . Please click on paper title to view a Visual Supplement .

As scaling reduces the breakdown voltage of CMOS devices and as system integration trends demand the further elimination of offchip components, there arises a great need to improve the linearity of RF receivers. Of particular interest is the direct-conversion architecture, which is currently the workhorse of the mobile telecommunications industry. Although much work has been recently reported in improving the IIP2 of these receivers, the IIP3 requirements still necessitate the use of an inter-stage SAW filter in many applications.
Cardiac output during exercise: A comparison of four methods

Several techniques assessing cardiac output (Q) during exercise are available. The extent to which the measurements obtained from each respective technique compares to one another, however, is unclear. We quantified Q simultaneously using four methods: the Fick method with blood obtained from the right atrium (QFick‐M), Innocor (inert gas rebreathing; QInn), Physioflow (impedance cardiography; QPhys), and Nexfin (pulse contour analysis; QPulse) in 12 male subjects during incremental cycling exercise to exhaustion in normoxia and hypoxia (FiO2 = 12%). While all four methods reported a progressive increase in Q with exercise intensity, the slopes of the Q/oxygen uptake (VO2) relationship differed by up to 50% between methods in both normoxia [4.9 ± 0.3, 3.9 ± 0.2, 6.0 ± 0.4, 4.8 ± 0.2 L/min per L/min (mean ± SE) for QFick‐M, QInn, QPhys and QPulse, respectively; P = 0.001] and hypoxia (7.2 ± 0.7, 4.9 ± 0.5, 6.4 ± 0.8 and 5.1 ± 0.4 L/min per L/min; P = 0.04). In hypoxia, the increase in the Q/VO2 slope was not detected by Nexfin. In normoxia, Q increases by 5–6 L/min per L/min increase in VO2, which is within the 95% confidence interval of the Q/VO2 slopes determined by the modified Fick method, Physioflow, and Nexfin apparatus while Innocor provided a lower value, potentially reflecting recirculation of the test gas into the pulmonary circulation. Thus, determination of Q during exercise depends significantly on the applied method.
Reference Values for Apolipoprotein A-I and Apolipoprotein B in Serum Still Depend on Choice of Assay Techniques

In a study with young children receiving growth hormone treatment, it was necessary to re-establish reference values for various blood components, e.g. apolipoproteins A-I and B. We find that considerable method-to-method variation still exists. We used the DuPont Dimension analyzer (D) and the Beckman Array analyzer (B) systems and a third procedure with Orion reagents and a Kone Analyzer (K). We investigated if assay results may be pooled or exchanged within our study. In 59 serum samples we measured apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B (n = 58) and calculated the orthogonal regression equations y = a(Sa) x + b(Sb). For apolipoprotein A-I the results are: (I) B = 1.165 (0.065) D - 0.193 (0.077), Syx = 0.055; with r = 0.922 and (II) K = 0.831 (0.056) D - 0.190 (0.066), Syx = 0.055; with r = 0.898. For apolipoprotein B the equations are: (III) B = 1.586 (0.137) D - 0.246 (0.100), Syx = 0.061; with r = 0.840 and (IV) K = 0.869 (0.065) D + 0.251 (0.048), Syx = 0.044; with r = 0.875. According to Passing & Bablok, the slopes and intercept values are 1.093 and -0.126; 0.848 and 0.167; 1.500 and -0.185; 0.880 and 0.249. The overall impression is the same for both regression methods: comparability had not yet been achieved by early 1993, particularly not for apolipoprotein B, and reference values differ significantly depending on the selected methodology.
Natural selection and climate change: temperature‐linked spatial and temporal trends in gene frequency in Fagus sylvatica

Rapid increases in global temperature are likely to impose strong directional selection on many plant populations, which must therefore adapt if they are to survive. Within populations, microgeographic genetic differentiation of individuals with respect to climate suggests that some populations may adapt to changing temperatures in the short‐term through rapid changes in gene frequency. We used a genome scan to identify temperature‐related adaptive differentiation of individuals of the tree species Fagus sylvatica. By combining molecular marker and dendrochronological data we assessed spatial and temporal variation in gene frequency at the locus identified as being under selection. We show that gene frequency at this locus varies predictably with temperature. The probability of the presence of the dominant marker allele shows a declining trend over the latter half of the 20th century, in parallel with rising temperatures in the region. Our results show that F. sylvatica populations may show some capacity for an in situ adaptive response to climate change. However as reported ongoing distributional changes demonstrate, this response is not enough to allow all populations of this species to persist in all of their current locations.
Point mutations upstream of the yeast ADH2 poly(A) site significantly reduce the efficiency of 3'-end formation

The sequences directing formation of mRNA 3' ends in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are not well defined. This is in contrast to the situation in higher eukaryotes in which the sequence AAUAAA is known to be crucial to proper 3'-end formation. The AAUAAA hexanucleotide is found upstream of the poly(A) site in some but not all yeast genes. One of these is the gene coding for alcohol dehydrogenase, ADH2. Deletion or a double point mutation of the AAUAAA has only a small effect on the efficiency of the reaction, and in contrast to the mammalian system, it is most likely not operating as a major processing signal in the yeast cell. However, we isolated point mutations which reveal that a region located approximately 80 nucleotides upstream of the poly(A) site plays a critical role in either transcription termination, polyadenylation, or both. These mutations represent the first point mutations in yeasts which significantly reduce the efficiency of 3'-end formation.
Mesenchymal stem cells reside in virtually all post-natal organs and tissues

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells which can give rise to mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal tissues in vitro and in vivo. Whereas in vitro properties such as (trans)differentiation capabilities are well known, there is little information regarding natural distribution and biology in the living organism. To investigate the subject further, we generated long-term cultures of cells with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics from different organs and tissues from adult mice. These populations have morphology, immunophenotype and growth properties similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs. The differentiation potential was related to the tissue of origin. The results indicate that (1) cells with mesenchymal stem characteristics can be derived and propagated in vitro from different organs and tissues (brain, spleen, liver, kidney, lung, bone marrow, muscle, thymus, pancreas); (2) MSC long-term cultures can be generated from large blood vessels such as the aorta artery and the vena cava, as well as from small vessels such as those from kidney glomeruli; (3) MSCs are not detected in peripheral blood. Taken together, these results suggest that the distribution of MSCs throughout the post-natal organism is related to their existence in a perivascular niche. These findings have implications for understanding MSC biology, and for clinical and pharmacological purposes.