Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HII and H2 in the envelopes of cooling flow central galaxies

We report observations of ionized and warm molecular gas in the extended regions of the central galaxies in several cooling flow clusters. These show that both gas phases are present in these clusters to large radii. We trace both Paa and H 2 lines to radii in excess of 20 kpc. The surface brightness profiles of the two phases trace each other closely. Apart from very close to the central active galactic nucleus (AGN), line ratios in and between the phases vary only slowly with position. The kinematics of the phases are indistinguishable, and away from the influence of the central AGN both the mean and dispersion in velocity are low (≤ 100 km s -1 ), ruling out kinematic support of the molecular gas. All of the above indicate that the mechanisms for heating the molecular gas and ionizing the H II regions are highly coupled. The highest surface brightness emission within a few kiloparsecs of the central AGN is distinct, both kinematically and thermally, from that at larger radii. The relative strengths of the Paα to the H 2 lines indicate a source of ultraviolet excitation rich in extreme-ultraviolet relative to far-ultraviolet photons, e.g. a blackbody with a temperature ≥ 10 5 K.
Learning OWL ontologies from free texts

Ontology based approach has been popularized by current semantic Web researches. However, ontology building by hand has proven to be a very hard and error-prone task and become the bottleneck of ontology acquiring process. WordNet, an electronic lexical database, is considered to be the most important resource available to researchers in computational linguistics. The paper proposes an ontology learning approach, which uses WordNet lexicon resources to build a standard OWL ontology model. The approach can the automation of ontology building and be very useful in ontology-based applications.
Processing Regular Path Queries on Giraph

In the last few years social networks have reached an ubiquitous di↵usion. Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter now have billions of users, that daily interact together and establish new connections. Users and interactions among them can be naturally represented asdata graphs, whose vertices denote users and whose edges are labelled with information about the di↵erent interactions. In this paper we sketch a novel approach for processing regular path queries on very large graphs. Our approach exploits Brzozowski’s derivation of regular expressions to allow for a vertex-centric, message-passing-based evaluation of path queries on top of Apache Giraph.
Research on the cascading failure of scale-free networks based-on the coupling coefficient

The paper researches the issues of cascading failure when scale-free networks based-on the coupling coefficient experience the random attacks and intentional attacks. Based on the Node Dynamic Model, follow the principle of that the load on the collapse nodes must be re-distributing locally and preferred, compared the global cascading failure phenomenon under the two attack strategies of the extended scale-free network relative to the typical model of scale-free networks, and explored the effectiveness of the two different attack strategies. Numerical simulation indicating that when the adjustable parameters between a certain value in this model, the attack on the smallest node in the network moderate than the largest node in the network attacks to more easily lead to cascading failure, the extended network has been more robust.
EDGE DETECTION FROM CT IMAGES OF LUNG

Lung Cancer detection is important since if doctor may detect it earlier then it is easy to them to diagnose and may be possible to recover the disease in the early stage. It is one of the first growing diseases now a day in the world. This paper provides a method using Computer Aided Diagnosis System (CAD) for detection of edges from CT images of lung for detection of diseases.
Enhancing Learning Capabilities by Providing Transparency in Business Simulators

Prefabricated computer-based simulations usually offer a user-friendly interface. This allows inexperienced users fast access to the simulation because they do not have to possess specific knowledge about simulation techniques. Thus, giving simulation models an easy-to-use interface increases the acceptance of the simulation tool and draws attention to it. Learners are not only able to examine the results of their decisions but also the causes of these results using powerful system dynamics diagramming techniques. This adds transparency to the former black-boxes, producing so-called transparent-box business simulators. This article reports on an experiment evaluating the relevance and effects of structural transparency. This experimental design also can be used to examine other types of business simulators. Hypotheses regarding the effectiveness of transparency were tested. Results show the necessity for further research and collaboration.
Distinct Roles of Muscle and Motoneuron LRP 4 in Neuromuscular Junction Formation

Haitao Wu,1,3 Yisheng Lu,1 Chengyong Shen,1 Neil Patel,1 Lin Gan,4 Wen C. Xiong,1,2 and Lin Mei1,* 1Institute ofMolecularMedicine andGenetics andDepartment of Neurology,Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Health SciencesUniversity, Augusta, GA 30912, USA 2Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA 3Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China 4Flaum Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA *Correspondence: lmei@georgiahealth.edu http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.neuron. 2012.04. 033
Source coding diversity and multiplexing strategies for a 2X2 MIMO system

We consider strategies for the lossy transmission of a zero mean Gaussian source over multiple channels. In one strategy, we employ single description coding of the source and duplicate this description over two independent channels. We also consider optimal, no excess joint rate, and no excess marginal rate multiple description coding over two independent channels. These strategies are compared to the traditional approach where a single description is sent over a single channel. The performance measure used for comparison is expected distortion at the receiver, evaluated as a function of the outage probability. We also consider the transmission of a full rate single description over a standard 2times2 MIMO channel using spatial multiplexing and a time-sharing approach to using MD coding over a 2times2 MIMO channel.
Two‐step dialogue between the cladoceran Bosmina and invertebrate predators: Induction and natural selection

Aquatic prey species respond to predators with fast (developmental) and slow (selective) feedbacks. Natural selection is assumed to fashion details of induction and to modify baseline morphology, but only rarely do we catch the slower (multi‐generation) process in action. Laboratory experiments with Bosmina detected predatormediated induction and estimated spine heritability (h2 5 0.2‐0.5). Third Sister Lake, Michigan, U.S.A. , Bosmina exhibited induction to resident (Mesocyclops) and to two nonresident, neighborhood predators (Epischura and Leptodora). However, the magnitude of induction in Third Sister Lake Bosmina to nonresident predators (Epischura, Leptodora) was muted, when compared with induction and final spine lengths in Epischura‐Leptodora lakes. Inadvertent escape of Leptodora into Third Sister Lake in 1987 created a long‐term (multiyear), whole‐lake experiment, where resident Bosmina populations fell under intense size selection. During the interval, Leptodora suppressed a late‐season smaller, short‐featured species (B. freyii), favored seasonal expansion of an overwintering long‐featured species (B. liederi), and selected for longer features in the latter species. Before local extinction, defensive spines of B. liederi achieved lengths comparable to populations that co‐occur with Epischura and Leptodora.
Rapid speaker adaptation for continuous speech recognition using merging eigenvoices

Speaker adaptation in eigenvoice space is a popular method for rapid speaker adaptation. To improve the performance of the method and to obtain stabilized results, the number of speaker-dependent models should be increased and a greater number of eigenvoices should be re-estimated. However, the huge computation time required to find eigenvoices makes these solutions difficult, especially in a continuous speech recognition system. This paper describes a method to reduce computation time by estimating eigenvoices only for supplementary speaker-dependent models and merging them with the used eigenvoices. Experimental results show that the computation time is reduced by 73.7% while the performance is almost the same when the numbers of speaker-dependent models in two sets to be merged are the same.
Can Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives Improve Global Supply Chains? Improving Deliberative Capacity with a Stakeholder Orientation

ABSTRACT: Global multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) are important instruments that have the potential to improve the social and environmental sustainability of global supply chains. However, they often fail to comprehensively address the needs and interests of various supply-chain participants. While voluntary in nature, MSIs have most often been implemented through coercive approaches, resulting in friction among their participants and in systemic problems with decoupling. Additionally, in those cases in which deliberation was constrained between and amongst participants, collaborative approaches have often failed to materialize. Our framework focuses on two key aspects of these breakdowns: assumptions about the orientation of MSI participants, and the deliberation processes that participants use to engage with each other to create these initiatives and sustain them over time. Drawing from stakeholder and deliberation theories, we revisit the concept of MSIs and show how their deliberative capacity may be enhanced in order to encourage participants to collaborate voluntarily.
In Vitro (PSGL-1, CD162) and Adhesion to P-Selectin Surface P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 Activation of Human Leukocytes Reduces

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), the primary ligand for P-selectin, is constitutively expressed on the surface of circulating leukocytes. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of leukocyte activation on PSGL-1 expression and PSGL-1-mediated leukocyte adhesion to P-selectin. PSGL-1 expression was examined via indirect immunoﬂuorescence and ﬂow cytometry before and after leukocyte stimulation with platelet activating factor (PAF) and PMA. Human neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils were all demonstrated to have signiﬁcant surface expression of PSGL-1 at baseline, which decreased within minutes of exposure to PAF or PMA. PSGL-1 was detected in the supernatants of PAF-activated neutrophils by immunoprecipitation. Along with the expression data, this suggests removal of PSGL-1 from the cell surface. Soluble PSGL-1 was also detected in human bronchoalveolar lavage ﬂuids. Down-regulation of PSGL-1 was inhibited by EDTA. However, inhibitors of L-selectin shedding and other sheddase inhibitors did not affect PSGL-1 release, suggesting that PSGL-1 may be shed by an as yet unidentiﬁed sheddase or removed by some other mechanism. Functionally, PSGL-1 down-regulation was associated with decreased neutrophil adhesion to immobilized P-selectin under both static and ﬂow conditions, with the most profound effects seen under ﬂow conditions. Together, these data indicate that PSGL-1 can be removed from the surface of activated leukocytes, and that this decrease in PSGL-1 expression has profound effects on leukocyte binding to P-selectin,
Development of NIRS-BCI system using perceptron

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is a system that controls machines and devices by extracting neural information from human brain activity and it is expected for nursing robot such as an artificial hand. The present study focuses on BCI that uses near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). But signal processing methods for NIRS signals have not yet been established. For these reasons, it is difficult obtain highly accurate control operations. This study proposes BCI systems that can control a robot using NIRS which measures neural information from human brain activity. In this study propose a new brain activity judgment method that uses dispersion ratio and perseptron, to achieve highly accurate on/off operations is developed. Brain activity during actual grasping tasks and imagined grasping tasks are measured to demonstrate the validity of the proposed BCI system. Experimental results showed that the operation results can be greatly improved with the proposed method by both tasks.
FastCrypto: parallel AES pipelines extension for general-purpose processors

In cryptography, the advanced encryption standard (AES) is an encryption standard issued as FIPS by NIST as a successor to data encryption standard (DES) algorithm. The applications of the AES are wide including any sensitive data that requires cryptographic protection before communication or storage. This paper proposes extending general-purpose processors with crypto coprocessor based on decoupled architectures. The extended coprocessor splits an encryption/decryption instruction into memory (load/store) and computation (encryption/decryption) portions (pseudo instructions). Loading/storing and encrypting/decrypting data are performed in parallel and communicated through architectural queues. The computational unit includes parallel AES pipelines for fast encrypting/decrypting data. On four parallel AES pipelines, our results show a performance of 222 Giga bits per second.
Real Options and the Theory of the Firm

From the real options perspective the firm is conceived as a portfolio of real options. However, the theory of the firm traditionally argues into a similar direction by viewing the firm as either a set of institutions, as set of property rights or as a set of contracts. Due to this similarity, the question arises how far real options analysis can contribute to the theory of the firm and to an understanding of the organizational question ‘Why do firms exist? ’. Therefore, this paper investigates the issue how real options should be best managed according to different types of uncertainty: within the firm, outside the firm or by intermediate forms of organizations such as joint ventures. In this light, real options analysis appears as a further, promising approach within the theory of the firm. JEL Classification: D23, D80, L22
Mental illness has multiple causes: beliefs on causes of mental illness by congregants of selected neo-prophetic churches in Ghana

ABSTRACT The present study explored perceived causes of, and preferred treatment approach for, mental illness among congregants of six Neo-prophetic churches in Accra and Kumasi through in-depth interviews. Using thematic analysis, five themes emerged from participants’ causal attributions of mental illness. These included lifestyles and environmental stressors, spiritual causes, interaction of multiple factors, trauma and biological causes. Additionally, participants discussed four main mechanisms through which stress leads to mental illness. These included persistent worrying over stressors, use of inappropriate coping strategies to cope with stress, refusal to talk about one's problems and individuals’ appraisal of stress and available coping resources. These beliefs directly determined congregants’ preferred treatment approach. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Hands-free Evolution of 3D-printable Objects via Eye Tracking

Interactive evolution has shown the potential to create amazing and complex forms in both 2-D and 3-D settings. However, the algorithm is slow and users quickly become fatigued. We propose that the use of eye tracking for interactive evolution systems will both reduce user fatigue and improve evolutionary success. We describe a systematic method for testing the hypothesis that eye tracking driven interactive evolution will be a more successful and easier-to-use design method than traditional interactive evolution methods driven by mouse clicks. We provide preliminary results that support the possibility of this proposal, and lay out future work to investigate these advantages in extensive clinical trials.
Automatic generation of bridging code for accessing C++ from Java

Java is becoming increasingly important as a programming language for applications based on the network centric computing paradigm. While more and more applications are written an Java, a large number of working C++ implementations for standard tasks still exist. Based on a domain model for language interoperability, the paper derives the structure of the necessary bridging code between C++ and Java and describes a mechanism, as well as its implementation for automatic bridging code generation. The paper then provides a top down overview of the bridging code layers, describing how C++ features are remodeled, and how C++ definitions are automatically mapped to Java.
THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF TURKISH VERSION OF THE OSTRACISM EXPERIENCE SCALE FOR ADOLESCENTS

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the Turkish Version of the Ostracism Experience Scale for Adolescents ( Gilman, Carter-Sowell, DeWall, Adams, & Carboni, 2013 ). The sample of study consists of 306 students. Results of confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the elevenitems loaded on two factors (ignored and excluded) and the two-dimensional model was well fit (x²=80.64, df=41, RMSEA=.056, NFI=.96, NNFI=.97, CFI=.98, IFI=.98, RFI=.95, GFI=.95, SRMR=.048). Factor loadings ranged from . 71 to . 88 and the corrected item-total correlations of OES-A ranged from . 51 to . 70. Internal consistency reliability coefficients were . 93 for ignored subscale, . 90 for excluded subscale, and . 89 for overall scale. These results demonstrate that this scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
Genome Wide Mapping Reveals PDE4B as an IL-2 Induced STAT5 Target Gene in Activated Human PBMCs and Lymphoid Cancer Cells

IL-2 is the primary growth factor for promoting survival and proliferation of activated T cells that occurs following engagement of the Janus Kinase (JAK)1–3/and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 5 signaling pathway. STAT5 has two isoforms: STAT5A and STAT5B (commonly referred to as STAT5) which, in T cells, play redundant roles transcribing cell cycle and survival genes. As such, inhibition of STAT5 by a variety of mechanisms can rapidly induce apoptosis in certain lymphoid tumor cells, suggesting that it and its target genes represent therapeutic targets to control certain lymphoid diseases. To search for these molecules we aligned IL-2 regulated genes detected by Affymetrix gene expression microarrays with the STAT5 cistrome identified by chip-on-ChIP analysis in an IL-2-dependent human leukemia cell line, Kit225. Select overlapping genes were then validated using qRT2PCR medium-throughput arrays in human PHA-activated PBMCs. Of 19 putative genes, one key regulator of T cell receptor signaling, PDE4B, was identified as a novel target, which was readily up-regulated at the protein level (3 h) in IL-2 stimulated, activated human PBMCs. Surprisingly, only purified CD8+ primary T-cells expressed PDE4B, but not CD4+ cells. Moreover, PDE4B was found to be highly expressed in CD4+ lymphoid cancer cells, which suggests that it may represent a physiological role unique to the CD8+ and lymphoid cancer cells and thus might represent a target for pharmaceutical intervention for certain lymphoid diseases.
Shadow Mapping and Visual Masking in Level of Detail Systems 1

This paper examines the effects of real-time lighting and shadows on the perception of low detail three-dimensional models. It does so through the creation of a simulated slide projector that can be used to study the masking effect of textures in a level of detail system. Surface textures have long been known to have an effect on a viewer’s perception of model detail, but since surface textures are generally static, they are of little use in dynamic LOD systems. This paper looks at how a dynamically changing projected texture, in the form of a simulated slide projector with realistic real-time shadow generation, affects model detail perception. The results of this experiment show that light and shadow falling on a model can have a dramatic effect on the perceived quality of models, which could allow such factors to be taken into account when developing a sophisticated level of detail system.
Sampled-Data Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control of Vehicles With Sensor Failures

This paper investigates sampled-data cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) of vehicles with sensor failures. A novel switched sampled-data CACC system model is established, in which the effect of sensor failure is involved. Based on the new model, a design method of state feedback controllers that can robustly stabilize the CACC system is presented via the switched system approach. The obtained controller is complemented by additional conditions that are established for guaranteeing string stability and zero steady-state velocity error, which yields a useful string stable CACC algorithm. Several quantitative relations of parameters, including the sensor complete-failure rate, the system decay rate, and sampling period, are also derived. The effectiveness and advantage of the presented methodology are demonstrated by both numerical simulations and experiments with laboratory-scale Arduino cars.
Efficient multicasting in multi-hop ad hoc networks using directional antennas

We present the Protocol for multicasting over directional antennas (MODA) for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). MODA is the first protocol for MANET's that uses directional antennas to reduce data packet overhead. Without increasing energy consumption, MODA increases the range of transmission as a result of which fewer nodes are involved in the forwarding process, which results in a reduction in data packet overhead. Using simulations in Qualnet 3.5, we compare MODA with PUMA and ODMRP. The results from a wide range of scenarios of varying mobility, group members, number of senders, traffic load, and number of multicast groups show that MODA attains comparable packet delivery ratios to ODMRP and PUMA, while incurring far less overhead
Intelligent information retrieval in a Tsunami detection system using wireless sensor networks

A Tsunami Detection System can be created using highly efficient Wireless Sensor Networks comprising a network of distributed sensors around water bodies. Tsunamis occur in coastal areas which can be detected by sensors that are deployed underwater. A Tsunami Detection System is used to detect tsunamis and spread warning messages to prevent loss of life and establishments. This paper presents a novel framework for implementing Intelligent Information Retrieval Technique in a Tsunami Detection System using Wireless Sensor Networks. This system generates intelligent data and spreads a warning message about the occurrence of tsunami. The proposed method uses SentiWordNet, a lexical resource explicitly used for opinion mining. This framework extracts intelligent information from the messages which are transmitted by first filtering the redundant text from them followed by stemming and stop words removal and then gathers all the opinion words and calculates their sentiment values using SentiWordNet. Thereafter polarity of the text is calculated and a warning message is conveyed. The proposed method is implemented for determining the magnitude of earthquakes, which is very essential to generate tsunami warnings.