Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disjunctive strictness analysis

The problem of constructing a disjunctive strictness analysis for a higher-order, functional language is addressed. A system of disjunctive types for strictness analysis of typed lambda -calculus is introduced, and the types are used to define a program logic for strictness analysis. A disjunctive abstract interpretation is then obtained as a sound and complete model of the program logic. The results extend earlier work on using the tensor product of lattices to analyze disjunctive properties of programs by abstract interpretation. <<ETX>>
Experience-Dependent Eye Movements, Awareness, and Hippocampus-Dependent Memory

We asked what kind of memory is operating when eye movements change as the result of experience. Participants viewed scenes that were either novel, repeated, or manipulated (i.e., a change was introduced in one region of the scene). Eye movements differed depending on the past viewing history of each scene. Participants made fewer fixations and sampled fewer regions when scenes were repeated than when scenes were novel. When scenes were altered, participants made more fixations in the altered region, spent more time looking at the altered region, and made more transitions into and out of the altered region than in unchanged (matched) regions in the repeated scenes. Importantly, these effects occurred only when individuals were aware that a change had occurred. Participants who were unaware that the scene had been altered looked at the changed scenes in the same way that they looked at repeated scenes. Thus, there was no indication that eye movements could reveal an unaware (unconscious) form of memory. Instead, eye movements reflected conscious memory of whether the scene was repeated or manipulated. The findings were the same when awareness was assessed after viewing all the scenes (experiment 1) and when awareness was assessed after each scene was presented (experiment 2). In experiment 3, memory-impaired patients with damage limited to the hippocampus were impaired at deciding whether scenes were novel, repeated, or manipulated. Thus, the ability to consciously recollect recent encounters with scenes reflects a form of hippocampus-dependent memory. The findings show that experience-dependent eye movements in response to altered scenes reflect conscious, declarative memory, and they support the link between aware memory, declarative memory, and hippocampus-dependent memory.
Training the trainers: a survey of simulation fellowship graduates

Background Coupled with the expansion of simulation has been the development and growth of medical simulation fellowships. These non-accredited fellowships do not have a standardized curriculum and there are currently no studies investigating the simulation fellowship experience. The purpose of this study was to explore the simulation fellowship experience of graduates throughout North America and how it prepared them for their post-fellowship career. Methods A web-based survey was developed by Emergency Medicine attending physicians both of whom completed one-year fellowships in medical simulation. Prior to distribution, the survey was reviewed and tested by three simulation fellowship graduates and a PhD researcher. Feedback was integrated into the survey prior to distribution. The survey consisted of a maximum of 29 multiple choice questions including two step-logic questions and two open response questions. The survey was distributed to simulation fellowship directors in multiple disciplines and the directors were asked to forward the survey to graduates. Additionally, the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Simulation Academy list-serve was utilized for distribution of the survey. Results The survey had 35 responses. The majority of respondents completed fellowship within the last two years (66%, 23/35). Fellowship graduates strongly agreed or agreed that their fellowship adequately prepared them for their post-fellowship simulation career (88%). Graduates report that research design/reporting (53%) and administration (18%) were areas of their fellowship curriculum that needed the most improvement. Conclusion The majority of simulation fellowship graduates agreed that their fellowship experience adequately prepared them for their post-fellowship simulation career. Graduates also felt that training in research and administration are areas that could be improved.
Modulated Model Predictive Control for a Seven-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Back-to-Back Converter

Multilevel converters are known to have many advantages for electricity network applications. In particular, cascaded H-bridge converters are attractive because of their inherent modularity and scalability. Predictive control for power converters is advantageous as a result of its applicability to discrete system and fast response. In this paper, a novel control technique, named modulated model predictive control, is introduced with the aim to increase the performance of model predictive control. The proposed controller addresses a modulation scheme as part of the minimization process. The proposed control technique is described in detail, validated through simulation and experimental testing, and compared with dead-beat and traditional model predictive control. The results show the increased performance of the modulated model predictive control with respect to the classic finite control set model predictive control in terms of current waveform total harmonic distortion (THD). Moreover, the proposed controller allows a multi-objective control, with respect to dead-beat control that does not present this capability.
Antibody Reactivity of B Cells in Lupus Patients with Increased Disease Activity and ARID3a Expression

Earlier studies showed that the DNA-binding protein, Bright/ARID3a bound to a subset of human and mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain promoters where it enhanced expression. Indeed, mice with transgenic expression of ARID3a in all B lymphocytes have expanded MZ B cells and produce anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs). Consistent with our findings in mice, we observed that human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients had expanded numbers of peripheral blood ARID3a+ B cells that were associated with increased disease activity (p = 0.0038). We hypothesized that ARID3a+ naïve B cells would eventually produce autoantibodies, explaining associations between ARID3a expression and disease activity in lupus. Unlike healthy controls, ARID3a was expressed in the naïve B cell population in SLE patients, and we hypothesized that these might represent expansions of autoreactive cells. Therefore, monoclonal antibodies were generated from single-sorted naïve B cells derived from patients with normal (ARID3aN) and high (ARID3aH) numbers of ARID3a+ B cells. We found that ARID3a expression did not correlate with autoantibody expression. Furthermore, measures of antigen specificities of autoreactive antibodies did not reveal skewing toward particular proteins. These data suggest that the association of increased disease activity in SLE with numbers of ARID3a+ B lymphocytes may be mediated by an antibody-independent mechanism.
Prognostic Factors for Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A 6-Month Prospective Observational Study

Purpose Chronic urticaria (CU) has a substantial impact on the quality of life. Little clinical data on the prognosis of CU has been reported. This study aimed to investigate the control status and remission rate of CU and to explore potential predictors of good responses to the treatment during a 6-month treatment period. Methods A total of 75 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) were enrolled from 3 university hospitals in Korea. Urticaria control state was classified into 2 groups: group I (remission and well-controlled) and group II (partly and uncontrolled). CU-specific quality of life (CU-QoL) and the urticaria activity score (UAS) were measured before and after the treatment. Autologous serum skin test (ASST), and anti-nuclear and anti-thyroid antibodies were measured at the enrollment into the study. Aspirin intolerance was confirmed by an oral provocation test. Results Of 59 patients completing the study, 21 (35.6%) arrived at well-controlled status and only 2 (3.4%) achieved remission, whereas 26 (44.1%) remained at partly controlled status and 10 (16.9%) were at uncontrolled status. Mean changes in CU-QoL (36.5±2.7 vs 20.6±4.3, P=0.017) and UAS (-7.9±0.8 vs -3.0±1.0, P=0.001) were significantly different between groups I and II. The presence of serum autoantibodies and aspirin intolerance had no influence on the control of urticaria in this study. However, ASST positivity was identified as a significant predictor of CU control in multivariate analysis (OR=6.106, P=0.017). Conclusions The proportion of CSU patients that achieved remission or a well-controlled state was 39% for the 6 months of stepwise treatment. Longer observations are necessary to assess the exact prognosis of CSU. ASST results may be a useful parameter for predicting a better response to treatment and both UAS and CU-QoL are helpful to monitor therapeutic response.
Intrinsic Limits of Dimensionality and Richness in Random Multipath Fields

We study the dimensions or degrees of freedom of farfield multipath that is observed in a limited, source-free region of space. The multipath fields are studied as solutions to the wave equation in an infinite-dimensional vector space. We prove two universal upper bounds on the truncation error of fixed and random multipath fields. A direct consequence of the derived bounds is that both fixed and random multipath fields have an effective finite dimension. For circular and spherical spatial regions, we show that this finite dimension is proportional to the radius and area of the region, respectively. We use the Karhunen-Loegraveve (KL) expansion of random multipath fields to quantify the notion of multipath richness. The multipath richness is defined as the number of significant eigenvalues in the KL expansion that achieve 99% of the total multipath energy. We establish a lower bound on the largest eigenvalue. This lower bound quantifies, to some extent, the well-known reduction of multipath richness with reducing the angular power spread of multipath angular power spectrum
Interprocedural Specialization of Higher-Order Dynamic Languages Without Static Analysis (Artifact)

This artifact is based on LC, a research oriented JIT compiler for Scheme. The compiler is extended to allow interprocedural, type based, code specialization using the technique and its implementation presented in the paper. Because the technique is directly implemented in LC, the package contains the build of the compiler used for our experiments. To support repeatability, the artifact allows the user to easily extract the data presented in the paper such as the number of executed type checks or the generated code size. The user can repeat the experiments using a set of standard benchmarks as well as its own programs. Instructions for building the compiler from scratch are also provided.
Detection of Explosives : Dogs vs . CMOS Capacitive Sensors SEMINAR 1 a 1 st year , 2 nd cycle

This paper presents some basic characteristics of explosive materials that are significant for detection, continuing with an olfactory mechanism of a dog’s nose, which is still the most efficient and reliable in explosives detection. Therefore, a vast variety of detection methods based on principles of a dog's sense of smell have been developed. The most applicable, sensitive and effective methods are briefly described in this paper, followed by more thorough presentation of a new explosive detection technique based on CMOS capacitive sensors, that was developed by a group of scientists from Jožef Stefan Institute in collaboration with Electrical engineering department and Department of Chemistry.
A Facility for Spectral Emissivity Measurement under Vacuum for Industrial and Remote Sensing Applications

A variety of techniques for the measurement of emissivity is available today but in many cases these techniques do not adequately meet the wide range of requirements posed by modern science and industry. Furthermore, they do not provide sufficiently accurate results and lack reliable and traceable uncertainties. Therefore, a measurement setup and a validated method for highly accurate directional spectral emissivity, total directional emissivity and total hemispherical emissivity measurements under vacuum in the wavelength range from 4 μm to 100 μm and a temperature range from -40 °C to 600 °C with validated uncertainties was developed at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). Using a direct radiometric method with two reference blackbodies, the measurements at this facility, the Reduced Background Calibration Facility (RBCF), are traceable to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90).
Collaborative representation based fine-grained species recognition

Fine-grained Visual Categorization (FGVC) is an open problem in Computer Vision due to subtle differences between categories. The present paper demonstrates that Collaborative Representation based Classification (CRC) can address this problem successfully. Instead of the traditional discriminative approach of classification, CRC takes a co-operative approach by representing the query image as a weighted collaboration of training images across all classes in the feature space. The superior performance of CRC compared to some other modern classifiers including SVM is shown in this work using several popular descriptors like GIST+Color, SIFT and CNN features with Species Recognition chosen as the representative FGVC problem. Besides experiments on the Oxford 102 Flowers and CUB200-2011 Bird benchmarks, the present work also introduces a new challenging dataset NZ Birds v1.0 with 600 images of 30 New Zealand endemic and native bird species.
An efficient and robust clustered data gathering protocol (CDGP) for vehicular networks

Data collection in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANets) is considered as an interesting application which aims at delivering road traffic, environmental information and other kinds of data to interested entities. The protocols developed for the wireless mobile networks and particularly for WSN cannot be applied directly to vehicular networks due to the high mobility and the frequent disconnection especially in the highway. Therefore, the design of an efficient protocol is depending firstly on the use of an efficient technique for medium access and secondly on a correct data delivery. In this paper, we propose a data collection protocol based on clustering and on he use of a dynamic medium access technique. This protocol is based on acknowledged delivery and allows retransmission of data in the case of loss or errors. We present simulation results which show the feasibility, the effectiveness and the robustness of our proposed protocol.
Graph-based comparison of Executable Objects

A method to construct an optimal isomorphism between the sets of instructions, sets of basic blocks and sets of functions in two differing but similar executables is presented. This isomorphism can be used for porting recovered information between different disassemblies, recover changes made by security updates and detect code theft. The most interesting applications in the realm of security are in malware analysis where the analysis of a family of trojans or viruses can be reduced to analyzing the differences between the variants, and in recovering the details of fixed vulnerabilities when the vendor of the security patch refuses to disclose details. A framework implementing the described methods is presented, along with empirical data about it’s performance when analyzing multiple variants of the same malware and recovering vulnerability details from security updates.
Towards the Optimal Amplify-and-Forward Cooperative Diversity Scheme

In a slow-fading channel, how to find a cooperative diversity scheme that achieves the transmit diversity bound is still an open problem. In fact, all previously proposed amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) schemes do not improve with the number of relays in terms of the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) for multiplexing gains r higher than 0.5. In this work, the class of slotted amplify-and-forward (SAF) schemes is studied. First, an upper bound on the DMT for any SAF scheme with an arbitrary number of relays N and number of slots M is established. Then, a sequential SAF scheme that can exploit the potential diversity gain in the high multiplexing gain regime is proposed. More precisely, in certain conditions, the sequential SAF scheme achieves the proposed DMT upper bound which tends to the transmit diversity bound when M goes to infinity. In particular, for the two-relay case, the three-slot sequential SAF scheme achieves the proposed upper bound and outperforms the two-relay nonorthorgonal amplify-and-forward (NAF) scheme of Azarian for multiplexing gains r les 2/3. Numerical results reveal a significant gain of our scheme over the previously proposed AF schemes, especially in high spectral efficiency and large network size regime.
TCP Throughput Estimation by Lightweight Variable Packet Size Probing in CDMA2000 1x EV-DO Network

TCP throughput is one of the major communication quality metrics. In order to grasp this metric by active measurement while imposing a lower load, various estimation techniques have been proposed. These techniques are categorized as either equation-based or history-based; here we focus on the latter. Conventional history-based estimation techniques target a wired environment and estimate temporally. By contrast, we target a wireless environment and estimate spatially. For TCP throughput estimation using lightweight probing, we propose a new modeling whereby TCP throughput is determined by capacity and delay fluctuation. We evaluate our proposed modeling by conducting experiments in a commercial CDMA2000 1x EV-DO network. This evaluation empirically verified the validity of our model to estimate TCP throughput in a wireless environment with lightweight probing.
Myrinet networks: a performance study

As network computing become commonplace, the interconnection networks and the communication system software become critical in achieving high performance. Thus, it is essential to systematically assess the features and performance of the new networks. Recently, Myricom has introduced a two-port "E-card" Myrinet/PCl-X interface. In this paper, we present the basic performance of its GM2.I messaging layer, as well as a set of microbenchmarks designed to assess the quality of MPI implementation on top of GM. These microbenchmarks measure the latency, bandwidth, intra-node performance, computation/communication overlap, parameters of the LogP model, buffer reuse impact, different traffic patterns, and collective communications. We have discovered that the MPI basic performance is close to those offered at the GM. We find that the host overhead is very small in our system. The Myrinet network is shown to be sensitive to the buffer reuse patterns. However, it provides opportunities for overlapping computation with communication. The Myrinet network is able to deliver up to 2000MB/s bandwidth for the permutation patterns.
Optimization Design on Sensing Field of Electromagnetic Tomography

Electromagnetic tomography (EMT) is one kind of tomography based on electricity sensing principle. It can reconstruct spatiotemporal distributions of the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability materials by detecting the boundary magnetic induction of the researched space. Sensor array of EMT system has the advantages of non-invasive, non-contacting and non-hazardous and has many potential applications in industrial fields. This paper presented the fundamental principle of EMT and studied the sensing field of sensor array using the Finite element (FEM) simulation. The magnetic induction distribution of the sensing field with this excitation model has been acquired. The influence of objects with different permeability, conductivity, and positions on the excitation sensing field was analyzed. The results were verified by image reconstruction experiment.
Vector Extension of Monogenic Wavelets for Geometric Representation of Color Images

Monogenic wavelets offer a geometric representation of grayscale images through an AM-FM model allowing invariance of coefficients to translations and rotations. The underlying concept of local phase includes a fine contour analysis into a coherent unified framework. Starting from a link with structure tensors, we propose a nontrivial extension of the monogenic framework to vector-valued signals to carry out a nonmarginal color monogenic wavelet transform. We also give a practical study of this new wavelet transform in the contexts of sparse representations and invariant analysis, which helps to understand the physical interpretation of coefficients and validates the interest of our theoretical construction.
Structural studies of the corneal stroma with focus on the elastic fibre network in health and disease

The optical and biomechanical properties of the cornea are largely governed by the collagen-rich stroma, a layer that represents approximately 90% of the total thickness. It has been postulated that a novel corneal layer exists in the posterior stroma, immediately above Descemet’s membrane, termed ‘pre-Descemet’s layer’. The main aim of this thesis was to determine if this region has different structural properties to the overlying stroma. A second aim was to examine the elastic fibre distribution throughout the depth of the stroma in healthy and diseased corneas, with focus on pre-Descemet’s layer. Techniques used include serial block face scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, amongst various other imaging techniques. Depth analysis revealed that centre-to-centre interfibrillar spacing was significantly lower in the first ~10µm of stroma distal to Descemet’s membrane compared to overlying regions in central cornea. Three-dimensional analysis revealed the presence of long elastic fibres running throughout the stroma, parallel to the surface of the cornea, which were concentrated in pre-Descemet’s layer. This elastic material seemed to originate from the limbus as fenestrated sheets before travelling radially into the cornea as small fibres. This data provides evidence for pre-Descemet’s layer containing altered biomechanical properties that may contribute to the formation of a variable cleavage plane observed during pneumodissection. Additionally, the elastic fibre network is likely to play an important role in the deformation and recovery of the cornea. Furthermore, the presence of elastic fibres in foetal cornea suggests a potential role in development. The distribution of elastic fibres was very different in keratoconic buttons. No fibres were located above Descemet’s membrane, whereas the elastic fibres appeared concentrated below the epithelium in thinned coned regions, potentially as a biomechanical response to prevent rupture. Attempts were made to elucidate a functional role for elastic fibres by studying the corneas from a mouse model for Marfan syndrome, where there was a ~50% reduction in elastic fibre quantity. These corneas were significantly thinner and flatter than wild types suggesting that elastic fibres play a role in maintaining the shape of the cornea. Overall, this thesis has characterised pre-Descemet’s layer, demonstrating that structural differences are present. It is likely that the network of elastic fibres described in this thesis play a multi-functional role in the cornea.