Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Stargazin-Related Protein γ7 Interacts with the mRNA-Binding Protein Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2 and Regulates the Stability of Specific mRNAs, Including CaV2.2

The role(s) of the novel stargazin-like γ-subunit proteins remain controversial. We have shown previously that the neuron-specific γ7 suppresses the expression of certain calcium channels, particularly CaV2.2, and is therefore unlikely to operate as a calcium channel subunit. We now show that the effect of γ7 on CaV2.2 expression is via an increase in the degradation rate of CaV2.2 mRNA and hence a reduction of CaV2.2 protein level. Furthermore, exogenous expression of γ7 in PC12 cells also decreased the endogenous CaV2.2 mRNA level. Conversely, knockdown of endogenous γ7 with short-hairpin RNAs produced a reciprocal enhancement of CaV2.2 mRNA stability and an increase in endogenous calcium currents in PC12 cells. Moreover, both endogenous and expressed γ7 are present on intracellular membranes, rather than the plasma membrane. The cytoplasmic C terminus of γ7 is essential for all its effects, and we show that γ7 binds directly via its C terminus to a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP A2), which also binds to a motif in CaV2.2 mRNA, and is associated with native CaV2.2 mRNA in PC12 cells. The expression of hnRNP A2 enhances CaV2.2 I Ba, and this enhancement is prevented by a concentration of γ7 that alone has no effect on I Ba. The effect of γ7 is selective for certain mRNAs because it had no effect on α2δ-2 mRNA stability, but it decreased the mRNA stability for the potassium-chloride cotransporter, KCC1, which contains a similar hnRNP A2 binding motif to that in CaV2.2 mRNA. Our results indicate that γ7 plays a role in stabilizing CaV2.2 mRNA.
Dosing of rapamycin is critical to achieve an optimal antiangiogenic effect against cancer

Rapamycin has antiangiogenic activity against tumors. This has been discussed while addressing the problem of cancer in organ transplantation. Here we investigated effective dosing schedules against tumors and angiogenesis. Growth of established CT‐26 colon adenocarcinoma tumors was measured in Balb/c mice treated with total equivalent rapamycin doses (1.5 mg/kg/day) given once a day, once every 3 days, or by continuous infusion. Tumors were most inhibited with continuous rapamycin infusion, and less by bolus dosing. Interestingly, however, continuous dosing produced the lowest rapamycin blood levels (15 ng/ml). As rapamycin‐sensitive p70S6‐kinase intracellular signaling is critical for angiogenesis, p70S6‐kinase activation was measured in endothelial cells by Western blotting. Maximal p70S6‐kinase inhibition occurred from 1–5 ng/ml rapamycin. These same rapamycin concentrations optimally blocked vessel‐sprouting from cultured aortic rings. Therefore, low‐level rapamycin dosing most effectively controls tumors in mice. Importantly, antiangiogenic rapamycin levels are compatible with immunosuppressive doses, supporting its potential use in transplant patients with cancer.
Verifying Sierpinski and Riesel Numbers in ACL2

A Sierpinski number is an odd positive integer, k, such that no positive integer of the form k * 2^n + 1 is prime. Similar to a Sierpinski number, a Riesel number is an odd positive integer, k, such that no positive integer of the form k * 2^n + 1 is prime. A cover for such a k is a finite list of positive integers such that each integer j of the appropriate form has a factor, d, in the cover, with 1 < d < j. Given a k and its cover, ACL2 is used to systematically verify that each integer of the given form has a non-trivial factor in the cover.
Functional health literacy and adherence to the medication in older adults: integrative review.

Objective: to characterize the national and international scientific production on the relationship of Functional Health Literacy and the adherence to the medication in older adults. Method: integrative review of literature, searching the following online databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO); Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE); and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), in June 2016. We selected 7 articles that obeyed the inclusion criteria. Results: all articles are from the USA. The inappropriate Functional Health Literacy affects the non-adherence to medication; however, there are several strategies and interventions that can be practiced to change this relationship. Conclusion: nursing needs to explorefurther this theme, since it can exert a differentiated care for adherence to medication in older adults, considering the literacy. Objetivo: caracterizar a produção científica nacional e internacional sobre a relação do Letramento Funcional em Saúde e a adesão à medicação em idosos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, com busca nas bases de dados on-line: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO); Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE); e Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), no mês de junho de 2016. Foram selecionados 7 artigos que obedeceram aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: todos os artigos são internacionais e originários dos EUA. O Letramento Funcional em Saúde inadequado influencia para a não adesão à medicação, porém há diversas estratégias e intervenções que podem ser realizadas na prática para modificar essa relação. Conclusão: a enfermagem precisa explorar mais essa temática, visto que pode exercer um cuidado diferenciado para a adesão à medicação em idosos, levando em conta o letramento.
Understanding the midstream environment within a social change systems continuum

Purpose This paper aims to provide guidance on how midstream social marketing can be used to understand and address wicked problems through adopting a collaborative systems integration approach conceptualised from a macromarketing perspective. Design/methodology/approach Rothschild’s motivation, opportunity and ability (MOA) framework is applied in this study to understand veterinarians as midstream microactors in the macrosystem of wicked animal welfare issues. Focus group and individual interview data from veterinarians were analysed through the lens of the MOA framework to understand veterinarians’ as midstream microactors within a systems continuum. Findings The MOA of veterinarians to engage downstream targets – cat owners – in behaviour change are identified. Fresh insights reveal the challenges and barriers to simply focusing on veterinarians as the key microactor required to address the wicked problem of cat overpopulation. Challenges identified include the cost of sterilisation to both owners and veterinary practices, alongside vying beliefs about the capacity of individual veterinarians to persuade owners about the benefits of sterilisation to improve animal welfare. Additionally, insight into veterinarians’ perceptions of upstream strategies to address the problem – in terms of marketing, education and law – expose further complications on where regulation and law enforcement can be integrated in future social marketing strategies to address the cat overpopulation problem. Practical implications The application of the MOA framework improves understanding of the concept and practice of midstream social marketing. It provides a practical and strategic tool that social marketers can apply when approaching behaviour change that leverages midstream actors as part of the social change solution. Originality/value Research and theorisation in this paper demonstrates an alternative pathway to address wicked problems via a collaborative systems integration approach conceptualised from a macromarketing perspective. Effective long-term change relies on understanding and coordinating a broad macrosystem of interconnected actors along a downstream, midstream and upstream continuum. This starts by understanding the microactions of individual actors within the macrosystem.
Creative leadership? ‘It’s just the norm’

ABSTRACT Creativity in teaching and leadership continues to be a topic of interest in education. This article focuses on comments made by a school’s leadership team as part of a larger study in which a mixed methods case study design involving the school’s leadership team and staff who taught Arts (either as specialist teachers or generalist classroom teachers) was used. The research took place in a 6-year-old Preparatory Year to Year 9 (P-9) school in a growth corridor in metropolitan Melbourne. Staff members in the school provided responses to a questionnaire, participated in focus group discussions and were invited to maintain journals during the course of the study. Comments made by members of the school’s leadership team are analysed in this article using perspectives of pedagogical leadership and relational power. The article finds that the school's leadership team models and encourages experimentation with new ideas across the school as the team promotes the development of collaborative professional learning approaches in their relatively young school. The article concludes that professional learning communities (PLCs) within the school will be well-placed to pursue the collaborative approaches modelled by the school’s leadership team to ensure that a school-wide focus on student learning continues.
Atomoxetine and osmotically released methylphenidate for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: acute comparison and differential response.

OBJECTIVE Response to atomoxetine, a nonstimulant norepinephrine-specific reuptake inhibitor, was compared with the effect of osmotic-release oral methylphenidate, a long-acting methylphenidate preparation, in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD In a large placebo-controlled, double-blind study, patients ages 6-16 with ADHD, any subtype, were randomly assigned to receive 0.8-1.8 mg/kg per day of atomoxetine (N=222), 18-54 mg/day of osmotically released methylphenidate (N=220), or placebo (N=74) for 6 weeks. The a priori specified primary analysis compared response (at least 40% decrease in ADHD Rating Scale total score) to osmotically released methylphenidate with response to atomoxetine and placebo. After 6 weeks, patients treated with methylphenidate were switched to atomoxetine under double-blind conditions. RESULTS The response rates for both atomoxetine (45%) and methylphenidate (56%) were markedly superior to that for placebo (24%), but the response to osmotically released methylphenidate was superior to that for atomoxetine. Each medication was well tolerated, with completion rates and discontinuations for adverse events not significantly different from those for placebo. Of the 70 subjects who did not respond to methylphenidate, 30 (43%) subsequently responded to atomoxetine. Likewise, 29 (42%) of the 69 patients who did not respond to atomoxetine had previously responded to osmotically released methylphenidate. CONCLUSION Response was significantly greater with osmotically released methylphenidate than with atomoxetine. One-third of patients who received methylphenidate followed by atomoxetine responded better to one or the other, suggesting that there may be preferential responders.
Parallel hybrid method for SAT that couples genetic algorithms and local search

A parallel hybrid method for solving the satisfiability (SAT) problem that combines cellular genetic algorithms (GAs) and the random walk SAT (WSAT) strategy of greedy SAT (GSAT) is presented. The method, called cellular genetic WSAT (CGWSAT), uses a cellular GA to perform a global search from a random initial population of candidate solutions and a local selective generation of new strings. The global search is then specialized in local search by adopting the WSAT strategy. A main characteristic of the method is that it indirectly provides a parallel implementation of WSAT when the probability of crossover is set to zero. CGWSAT has been implemented on a Meiko CS-2 parallel machine using a 2D cellular automaton as a parallel computation model. The algorithm has been tested on randomly generated problems and some classes of problems from the DIMACS and SATLIB test set.
Leading, linking, and closing tones and tunes in Egyptian Arabic – what a simple intonation system tells us about the nature of intonation

This paper offers an analysis of the basic structure of the intonation system of Egyptian Arabic within an autosegmental framework. Contrary to mainstream work, it is assumed here that the primary units of intonation are not abstract targets but meaningful configurations. Intonation is thought of as an essentially iconic system. Thus three tonal configurations are identified in line with the metaphoric extensions of Ohala’s frequency code and correlated with pragmatic functions: A rising contour is characteristic for topic articulation, while a falling contour, signifying assertion, is used for the focal parts of an utterance. The third, neutral, tone is used for downplaying given material. The contours are obtained by manipulating the basic accent shape, a rise-fall, when associating the melody with the linguistic material. Manipulations are represented as features affecting the low and high targets of the individual accents.
A Theoretical Development and Analysis of Jumping Gene Genetic Algorithm

Recently, gene transpositions have gained their power and attentions in computational evolutionary algorithm designs. In 2004, the Jumping Gene Genetic Algorithm (JGGA) was first proposed and two new gene transposition operations, namely, cut-and-paste and copy-and-paste, were introduced. Although the outperformance of JGGA has been demonstrated by some detailed statistical analyses based on numerical simulations, more rigorous theoretical justification is still in vain. In this paper, a mathematical model based on schema is derived. It then provides theoretical justifications on why JGGA is superiority in searching, particularly when it is applied to solve multiobjective optimization problems. The studies are also further verified by solving some optimization problems and comparisons are made between different optimization algorithms.
Mixing quantitative with qualitative methods: current practices in designing experiments, gathering data and analysis with mixed methods reporting

In this workshop, we set up a discussion on opposing approaches to evaluation methods in order to elicit best practice scenarios. We ask what are the best practice methods being used in the OzCHI community to address the complexities inherent in applying triangulation processes? If you already work with or are considering, researching, or working with both quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods (in academia or industry), join us in this workshop. In particular, we look at adding quantitative to qualitative methods to build a whole picture of user experience. We see a need to discuss both quantitative and qualitative research because there is often a perceived lack of understanding of the rigor involved in each. The workshop will result in a White Paper on the latest developments in this field, within Australia and comparative with international work. We anticipate sharing submissions and workshop outcomes with the HCI community.
Science PhD Career Preferences: Levels, Changes, and Advisor Encouragement

Even though academic research is often viewed as the preferred career path for PhD trained scientists, most U.S. graduates enter careers in industry, government, or “alternative careers. ” There has been a growing concern that these career patterns reflect fundamental imbalances between the supply of scientists seeking academic positions and the availability of such positions. However, while government statistics provide insights into realized career transitions, there is little systematic data on scientists' career preferences and thus on the degree to which there is a mismatch between observed career paths and scientists' preferences. Moreover, we lack systematic evidence whether career preferences adjust over the course of the PhD training and to what extent advisors exacerbate imbalances by encouraging their students to pursue academic positions. Based on a national survey of PhD students at tier-one U.S. institutions, we provide insights into the career preferences of junior scientists across the life sciences, physics, and chemistry. We also show that the attractiveness of academic careers decreases significantly over the course of the PhD program, despite the fact that advisors strongly encourage academic careers over non-academic careers. Our data provide an empirical basis for common concerns regarding labor market imbalances. Our results also suggest the need for mechanisms that provide PhD applicants with information that allows them to carefully weigh the costs and benefits of pursuing a PhD, as well as for mechanisms that complement the job market advice advisors give to their current students.
Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of Axillary Artery Combined with Brachial Plexus Injury

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery combined with brachial plexus injury is extremely rare. The factors that influence the symptoms and functional recovery related to this condition are unclear. Nine patients who had sustained this trauma were surgically treated at our unit between June 1999 and November 2010. The cause of trauma, symptoms, signs and examinations of neurological and vascular deficits, and the surgical findings of the involved nerves and vessels were recorded in detail. The functional recovery of vessels and nerves, as well as the extent of pain, were evaluated, respectively. The average length of patient follow-up was 4.5 years (range, 24 months to 11.3 years). After vessel repair, whether by endovascular or operative treatment, the distending, constant, and pulsating pain was relieved in all patients. Furthermore, examination of the radial artery pulse on the repaired side appeared normal at last follow-up. All patients showed satisfactory sensory recovery, with motor recovery rated as good in five patients and fair in four patients. The symptom characteristics varied with the location of the damage to the axillary artery. Ultrasound examination and computed tomography angiography are useful to evaluate vascular injury and provide valuable information for operative planning. Surgical exploration is an effective therapy with results related to the nerve injury condition of the brachial plexus.
Comparative analysis of the sialic acid binding activity and the tropism for the respiratory epithelium of four different strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus

Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major pathogen in commercial poultry flocks. We recently demonstrated that sialic acid serves as a receptor determinant for IBV on the tracheal epithelium. Here we compared the IBV strains Beaudette, 4/91, Italy02, and QX for their sialic acid-binding properties. We demonstrate that sialic acid binding is important for the infection of primary chicken kidney cells and the tracheal epithelium by all four strains. There were only slight differences between the four strains, indicating the universal usage of sialic acids as receptor determinants by IBV. In addition, we analysed the primary target cells in the respiratory epithelium of the four different strains and found that all of them infected ciliated cells and goblet cells.
CURL: Co-trained Unsupervised Representation Learning for Image Classification

In this paper we propose a strategy for semi-supervised image classification that leverages unsupervised representation learning and co-training. The strategy, that is called CURL from Co-trained Unsupervised Representation Learning, iteratively builds two classifiers on two different views of the data. The two views correspond to different representations learned from both labeled and unlabeled data and differ in the fusion scheme used to combine the image features. To assess the performance of our proposal, we conducted several experiments on widely used data sets for scene and object recognition. We considered three scenarios (inductive, transductive and self-taught learning) that differ in the strategy followed to exploit the unlabeled data. As image features we considered a combination of GIST, PHOG, and LBP as well as features extracted from a Convolutional Neural Network. Moreover, two embodiments of CURL are investigated: one using Ensemble Projection as unsupervised representation learning coupled with Logistic Regression, and one based on LapSVM. The results show that CURL clearly outperforms other supervised and semi-supervised learning methods in the state of the art.
Central Executive Function in Adolescents with Learning Disabilities

Objective: To explore the central executive function of adolescents with learning disabilities. Methods:Using learning disabilities screening method, we selected candidates from three different secondary schools, including 26 students with Chinese learning disabilities, 29 with mathematics learning disabilities, 26 weak in both fields and 28 as the normal control. All children completed the language and spatial working memory capacity duties through written records and individual computer test. Results:Children with learning disability had longer reaction time than control. Children with different type of learning disabilities had different flaw in executive function. Children with Chinese disabilities had higher score than the control group in figures zoned response tasks (34.2±8.0/30.4±4.0,F=9.68,P0.01), those with mathematical disabilities had also higher score than the control (36.4±4.7/30.4±4.0,F=12.7,P﹤0.001). Children with both difficulties had even higher score(42.1±8.6/30.4±4.0,F=14.6,P〈001). Similar things happened in the reaction time of digits and letters alliance,i.e.,those with Chinese disabilities (64.1±8.0), with mathematical disabilities (73.5±20.7),and with both difficulties (86.7±25.3) all had higher score than control (45.5±8.2,F=14.7, 19.8, 21.8,P0.01 or 0.001). Conclusion: Different types of learning disabilities have different degrees of central executive function defects ;those with mathematical problem or with both problems are poorer than those with Chinese disability alone.
The Globular Cluster System in the Outer Regions of NGC 4472

We have undertaken a study of the globular cluster (GC) systems of a large sample of elliptical and spiral galaxies in order to test specific predictions of galaxy formation models. Here we present results for the first elliptical in the study, the giant Virgo cluster galaxy NGC 4472 (M49). The galaxy was observed in three filters (BVR) using the wide-field Mosaic Imager on the Kitt Peak 4 m telescope. The Mosaic images roughly double the radial coverage of previous CCD observations of NGC 4472. We have combined the Mosaic data with published spectroscopic data and archival HST observations in order to study NGC 4472's GC system in detail, and to fully characterize the amount of contamination in our sample of GC candidates. We find that the radial profile of the GC system is fit fairly well by a de Vaucouleurs law of the form log σGC = (3.38 ± 0.08) - (1.56 ± 0.05) r1/4 out to 17′ (∼80 kpc), but that the observed profile falls slightly below the de Vaucouleurs law between 17′ and 23′, the limit of the data. The bimodal color distribution observed in previous studies is apparent in our data. We find a small metallicity gradient in the inner 8′ of the total GC system due to the increasing ratio of blue to red clusters, consistent with results from past studies. The gradient vanishes, however, when the entire radial extent of the data is taken into account. We estimate a total of ∼5900 GCs in NGC 4472 out to 23′, yielding a specific frequency of 3.6 ± 0.6 within this radius. This specific frequency value is smaller than that found by previous studies of NGC 4472. We examine the implications of these results with regard to predictions made by four different galaxy formation models, and we find that all four models have at least one inconsistency with the data.