Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ORMONITORING ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS FOR RISK REDUCTION OR THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF BREAST CANCER

3,608.540 A 9/1971 Sartorius 3,786.801 A 1/1974 Sartorius 4,202,329 A 5/1980 Kortum 4,365,632 A 12/1982 Kortum 4,981,692 A 1/1991 Popescu et al. 5,279.608 A 1/1994 Cherif Cheikh 5,478,556 A 12/1995 Elliott et al. 5,518,885 A 5/1996 Raziuddin et al. 5,527.528 A 6/1996 Allen et al. 5,531,736 A 7/1996 Wong et al. 5,763,415 A 6/1998 Sukumar 5,798.266 A 8/1998 Quay et al. 5,801,021 A * 9/1998 Gray et al. . 435/94.2 5,840,059 A 11/1998 March et al. 5,914.238 A 6/1999 Keesee et al.
LCP Introduction To Liquid Crystal Polymers

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) present a special category of material which straddles the boundary between an ordinary solid and a liquid. From their first discovery in the laboratory to the realization that liquid crystals also exist in biology, these unique molecules are now omnipresent in a broad spectrum of modern-day applications. Different from typical thermoplastics such as polyesters and other aromatic polymers, LCPs have significant higher order structure particularly apparent in their liquid phase. This feature gives LCPs a host of particularly useful material properties such strength, dielectrics, chemical reactivity (resistance), and biocompatibility for medical applications. In this latter vein, Zeus has introduced LCP extruded as a monofilament fiber for use as vascular catheter reinforcement braiding. As a non-metallic braiding, catheters made with LCP monofilament can be used under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This imaging technique precludes the use of metals, and to date, no widely accepted MRI-compatible catheter has been achieved. Included here is an overview of LCPs, their unique chemical structure and orientation, and their relevance in industry as thermoplastics. We compare LCP monofilament to other catheter braiding materials including stainless steel and multifilament yarn. We show that LCP braiding rivals stainless steel in several areas and offers improved catheter construction. We present that catheters made with LCP monofilament braiding are poised to become the first fully MRI-compatible catheters both for performance and manufacturability. © 2016; 2018 Zeus Industrial Products, Inc.
Adjustment to chronic arthritis of childhood: the roles of illness-related stress and attitude toward illness.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of psychosocial stress and attitude toward illness to psychological adjustment among youth with chronic arthritis. METHODS Seventy-five youths with chronic arthritis aged 8-18 years were administered a semi-structured interview assessing illness-related and nonillness-related stressors in important life domains. Children also completed measures of attitude toward illness, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Parents completed a measure of child psychosocial adjustment. RESULTS Higher levels of illness-related and nonillness-related stress were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms and parent-reported adjustment problems, while a more positive attitude toward illness was associated with lower levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Attitude toward illness moderated the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the importance of assessing life stress and attitude toward illness among youth with arthritis and developing interventions to help children cope with arthritis-related stressors and promote a more positive attitude toward illness.
Strategic information platforms: selective disclosure and the price of "free"

This paper deals with platforms that provide agents easier access to the type of opportunities in which they are interested (e.g., eCommerce platforms, used cars bulletins and dating web-sites). We show that under various common service schemes, a platform can benefit from not necessarily listing all the opportunities with which it is familiar, even if there is no marginal cost for listing any additional opportunity. The main implication of this result is that platforms should extract their expected-profit-maximizing service terms not based solely on the fees charged from users, but they should also use the subset that will be listed as the decision variable in the optimization problem. The analysis applies to four well-known service schemes that a platform may use to price its services. We show that neither of these schemes generally dominates the others or is dominated by any of the others. For the common case of homogeneous preferences, however, several dominance relationships can be proved, enabling the platform to identify the schemes that should be used as a default. Furthermore, the analysis provides a game-theoretic search-based explanation for a possible preference of buyers to pay for the service rather than receive it for free (e.g., when the service is sponsored by ads), a phenomena that has been justified in prior literature typically with the argument of willingness to pay a premium for an ad-free experience or more reliable platforms. The paper shows that this preference can hold both for the users and the platform in a given setting, even if both sides are fully strategic.
Population differentiation in Lythrum salicaria along a latitudinal gradient

In this thesis, quantitative genetic approaches, common-garden experiments, and field studies were combined to examine patterns of population differentiation and the genetic architecture of characters of putative adaptive significance in the widely distributed perennial herb Lythrum salicaria. In this work, I (1) documented patterns of population differentiation in phenology, life-history, and morphology along latitudinal gradients at different geographical scales, (2) investigated the genetic architecture of phenology, flower morphology, and inflorescence size, and (3) combined estimates of phenotypic selection in the field with information on the genetic variance-covariance matrix (G) to examine potential constraints to adaptive evolution. A common-garden experiment demonstrated latitudinal variation in life-history, and phenology of growth and reproduction among L. salicaria populations sampled across Sweden. Flower morphology varied significantly among populations, but was, with the exception of calyx length, not related to latitude of origin. A second experiment, which included two Swedish, two Dutch, and two Spanish populations, indicated that the latitudinal gradient in reproductive and vegetative phenology might extend throughout Europe. A quantitative-genetic study of two Swedish populations revealed significant additive genetic variation for all phenological and morphological traits investigated. The G matrices of the populations differed significantly according to common principal component analysis, and genetic correlations within the study populations did not strictly correspond to trait correlations observed among populations. In a field study, I detected directional selection through female function for larger inflorescences in two consecutive years. Relative fitness increased disproportionately with inflorescence size in the year when supplemental hand-pollination indicated that pollen limitation was severe. Genetic correlations with inflorescence size considerably influenced predicted response to selection in other characters. Taken together, the results suggest that among-population differences in phenology and life-history in L. salicaria have evolved in response to latitudinal variation in length of the growing season. They demonstrate that the evolutionary potential of local populations may be considerable. The genetic covariance structure substantially influences predicted short-term evolutionary trajectories. However, the weak correspondence between genetic correlations documented within populations and trait correlations among populations, suggest that the G matrix has not imposed strict constraints on patterns of among-population differentiation.
An Improved PrefixSpan-Based Signatures Mining Algorithm with Offset Constraint

The approach based on payload signatures presents more accurately than that using port number and machine learning algorithms in network traffic identification. The performance of payload-based approach heavily depends on abundant and real-time signatures database. Existing approaches to payload signatures identification involved a manual process which is time-consulting and complicated. In this paper, an improved payload signatures mining algorithm based on PrefixSpan is proposed to automatically extract signatures from special network application traffic. Offset constraint in mining process significantly reduces the size of final signatures database and accelerates extracting process. Moreover, patterns matching algorithm can use offset information to discover signatures in network traffic efficiently.
Lying for Strategic Advantage: Rational and Boundedly Rational Misrepresentation of Intentions

Starting from Hendricks and McAfee's (2000) example of the Allies' decision to feint at Calais and attack at Normandy on D-Day, this paper models misrepresentation of intentions to competitors or enemies. Allowing for the possibility of bounded strategic rationality and rational players' responses to it yields a sensible account of lying via costless, noiseless messages. In many cases the model has generically unique pure-strategy sequential equilibria, in which rational players exploit boundedly rational players, but are not themselves fooled. In others, the model has generically essentially unique mixed-strategy sequential equilibria, in which rational players' strategies protect all players from exploitation.
A Study of the Relationship between Usability and Test Cases Precedence Based on a Formal Model for Activity Diagrams

This paper is focused on the application of the well-known technique of use cases and especially on the activity diagrams used to represent them to enhance the IS requirements management. Based on previous work of the authors on test generation from use cases and recent studies about operation time measurement, this new form of addressing requirements management could offer significant benefits when compared with traditional practices: a) closer integration between functional requirements and usability constraints, b) easier and more profitable way to reuse the effort on the analysis phase and c) better relationship between analysts and users to derive a good quality specification. This paper shows how formal model for an extended activity diagram can be used for double purpose: A risk analysis on one hand and a usability analysis on the other one.
Distributions of Critical Load in Arrays of Nanopillars

Arrays of vertical pillars are encountered in a variety of nanotechnological applications, e.g. in sensing systems. If such an array of N pillars, with pillars characterized by random strength thresholds σth, is subjected to a sufficiently large axial load Fc, the pillars break in the form of cascades of avalanches. Using a Fiber Bundle Model with a so-called local load transfer rule from destroyed pillars to the intact ones, we analyze distributions of Fc when thresholds σth are independently drawn from the Weibull distribution, pk,λ(σth) = (k/λ)(σth/λ) k−1 exp[−(σth/λ)], where λ = 1 and k are the scale and shape, respectively. Based on simulations we show that distribution of Fc/N = σc can be well fitted by the Weibull pdf pK,Λ(σc) = (K/Λ)(σc/Λ) K−1 exp[−(σc/Λ) ], where K and Λ are functions of k and N . Specifically, for N >> 1, the mean < Fc/N >∼ ln(k).
Retrieving Collocations from Text: Xtract

Natural languages are full of collocations, recurrent combinations of words that co-occur more often than expected by chance and that correspond to arbitrary word usages. Recent work in lexicography indicates that collocations are pervasive in English; apparently, they are common in all types of writing, including both technical and nontechnical genres. Several approaches have been proposed to retrieve various types of collocations from the analysis of large samples of textual data. These techniques automatically produce large numbers of collocations along with statistical figures intended to reflect the relevance of the associations. However, none of these techniques provides functional information along with the collocation. Also, the results produced often contained improper word associations reflecting some spurious aspect of the training corpus that did not stand for true collocations.In this paper, we describe a set of techniques based on statistical methods for retrieving and identifying collocations from large textual corpora. These techniques produce a wide range of collocations and are based on some original filtering methods that allow the production of richer and higher-precision output. These techniques have been implemented and resulted in a lexicographic tool, Xtract. The techniques are described and some results are presented on a 10 million-word corpus of stock market news reports. A lexicographic evaluation of Xtract as a collocation retrieval tool has been made, and the estimated precision of Xtract is 80%.
Finite geometry and oding theory

In these notes I will dis uss some re ent developments at the interfa e between nite geometry and oding theory. These developments, are all based on the theory of quadrati forms over GF(2), and I have in luded an introdu tion to this material. The parti ular topi s are bent fun tions and di eren e sets, multiply-resolved designs, odes over Z 4 , and quantum errororre ting odes. Some of the material here was dis ussed in the Combinatori s Study Group at Queen Mary and West eld College, London, over the past year. This a ount is quite brief; a more detailed version will be published elsewhere. Many of the parti ipants of the study group ontributed to this presentation; to them I express my gratitude, but espe ially to Harriet Pollatsek and Keldon Drudge.
Global optimization of protein 3-dimensional structures in NMR by a genetic algorithm

Protein three-dimensional structure determination is one of the most important problems in molecular biology. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the promising techniques capable of determining the three-dimensional structures of proteins at atomic resolution. In determining protein structures using NMR spectroscopy, nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) signal assignment is the most laborious and time-consuming process. Attempts to automate NOE signal assignment have failed so far. In this paper, we propose a new automatic assignment method of NOE signals based on a real-coded genetic algorithm and examine its effectiveness by applying it to determining the structure of an /spl alpha/-helix, which is a well-known common substructure of proteins, and a protein called HMG2B.
Zonation of the Laptev Sea landfast ice cover and its importance in a frozen estuary

The interaction between river water and landfast sea ice was investigated through synthetic aperture radar (SAR) remote sensing, ice-growth modeling, and ground-based ice-core and hydrographic studies in the Laptev Sea, Siberian Arctic, in 1996/1997 and 1998/1999. Ice-core data in conjunction with ice-growth and SAR backscatter modeling demonstrated that the contrasts in dielectric and microstructural properties between freshwater/brackish (salinityb1x) and sea ice allow a mapping of the distribution of freshwater and brackish ice as influenced by Lena River discharge. This brackish zone (surface water salinitiesb5) extended over 2000–3000 km inshore of the 10-m isobath and exhibited distinct SAR backscatter coefficients and image texture. In the nearshore zone, bottomfast ice growth could be identified and tracked over the growth season. Occupying up to 250 km along the Lena Delta, bottomfast ice was not as widespread as previously hypothesized, possibly due to ice being thinner by 10–20% relative to the long-term mean. In SAR and ERS-2 scatterometer data, Laptev Sea landfast ice exhibits the lowest backscatter signatures of any ice type in the Arctic Ocean, due to the lack of major deformation features. Stable-isotope data show that the landfast ice is composed of about 62% of river water, locking up 24% of the total annual Lena and Yana discharge. From ice-growth/isotopic-fractionation modeling and ice-core analysis, time series of surface water salinity have been derived, indicating freshening of under-ice waters during winter and north-/northeastward spreading of the river plume with under-ice spreading rates of 1.0–2.7 cm s . A river freshwater budget for the inner Laptev shelf indicates flushing times of a year or more with cross-shelf export of 627 km during the winter of 1998/1999. Based on these findings, the southeastern Laptev Sea can be considered an open, seasonally frozen estuary. This system contrasts with North American shelf environments, which show a different response to climate variability and change. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FIMESS: filtering mobile external SMS spam

The widespread use of mobile devices has attracted the attention of cyber-criminals, who exploit their functionality for malevolent purposes. A very popular and well-known such approach is the use of unsolicited electronic messages, also known as spam. Such messages can be used by attackers in order to tempt the recipient to visit a malicious page, or to reply to a message and be charged at premium rates, or even for advertising goods and offers. Several of the mechanisms developed for fighting mobile spam have been based on the well-known and widely adopted e-mail spam techniques. Mobile spam on the other hand has specific properties, such as limited text size, particular linguistic style with specific abbreviations, also known as "the SMS language" or "textese", etc. Our algorithm, FIMESS (FIltering Mobile External SMS Spam), performs simple, yet effective checks on the message headers so as to classify an SMS as being spam or not. In contrast to linguistic-only approaches of spam detection algorithms, FIMESS is able to utilise the important information in the SMS headers and identify SMS spam messages. Contrary to the email metadata which can easily be manipulated by the spammers, the SMS protocol provides useful information to build more efficient spam filters. The proposed scheme was tested on the Android platform and yielded encouraging results.
The Design of Wire Antennas Using Genetic Algorithm Based On Sensitivity Analysis

-The problem of sensitivity in the wire antennas designed by genetic algorithm (GA) causes the results to be unfeasible to be constructed successfully. This problem is due to great variation of final objective (cost function) when the antenna has some physical variations. Moreover, these GA results are not reliable because of the fact that, usually cost functions of the well-done results show high sensitivity to segmentation changes in computer analysis and so they can’t be used for high precision optimization designs. These challenges motivate us to consider these specifications in the designs. In this paper the above problems in Yagi-Uda antennas as an example of wire antennas are investigated and we suggest some convenient notifications on the algorithm of our problem. Key-Words: Real coded genetic algorithm, Wire antenna, sensitivity, Yagi-Yuda.
Ore , Berge – Tutte , and Gallai – Edmonds

We present a short proof of the Berge–Tutte Formula and the Gallai–Edmonds Structure Theorem based on Ore’s Defect Formula and Anderson’s proof of Tutte’s 1-Factor Theorem from Hall’s Theorem. The fundamental theorems on matchings in graphs have been proved in many ways, and generally they all imply each other. The most well-known is Hall’s Theorem [7] characterizing when a bipartite graph has a matching that covers one partite set. Anderson [1] used Hall’s Theorem to prove Tutte’s 1-Factor Theorem [10], characterizing when a graph has a perfect matching. Meanwhile, Ore [8] extended Hall’s Theorem to give a min-max formula for the maximum size of a matching in a bipartite graph. Similarly, Berge [2] extended Tutte’s 1-Factor Theorem to give a min-max formula (known as the Berge–Tutte Formula) for the maximum size of a matching in a general graph. We show that Anderson’s approach proves the Berge–Tutte Formula from Ore’s Defect Formula as easily as it proves Tutte’s 1-Factor Theorem from Hall’s Theorem. The same approach then yields the Gallai–Edmonds Structure Theorem [3, 5, 6], which describes all the maximum matchings in a given graph. This is shorter than earlier proofs by not needing a characterization of factor-critical graphs or a “Stability Lemma”. For a set of vertices S in a graph G, let NG(S) or N(S) denote the set of vertices having at least one neighbor in S. An X,Y -bigraph is a bipartite graph with partite sets X and Y . A matching is a set of pairwise non-incident edges. An obvious necessary condition for the existence of a matching that covers X in an X,Y -bigraph is that |N(S)| ≥ |S| for all S ⊆ X. This is Hall’s Condition, and Hall’s Theorem states that it is also sufficient. The defect df(S) of a set S ⊆ X in an X,Y -bigraph is |N(S)|−|S|. The matching number α(G) is the maximum size of a matching in G. By applying Hall’s Theorem to the graph obtained from an X,Y -bigraph G by adding max{df(S)} vertices to Y that are adjacent to all of X, Ore [8] observed that α(G) = |X| − max{df(S)}. ∗Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, west@math.uiuc. edu. This research is partially supported by the National Security Agency under Award No. H98230-06-1-0065.
Drosophila Homolog of Human KIF22 at the Autism-Linked 16p11.2 Loci Influences Synaptic Connectivity at Larval Neuromuscular Junctions

Copy number variations at multiple chromosomal loci, including 16p11.2, have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disease that affects 1~3% of children worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of human genes at the 16p11.2 loci in synaptic development using Drosophila larval neuromuscular junctions (NMJ), a well-established model synapse with stereotypic innervation patterns. We conducted a preliminary genetic screen based on RNA interference in combination with the GAL4-UAS system, followed by mutational analyses. Our result indicated that disruption of klp68D, a gene closely related to human KIF22, caused ectopic innervations of axon branches forming type III boutons in muscle 13, along with less frequent re-routing of other axon branches. In addition, mutations in klp64D, of which gene product forms Kinesin-2 complex with KLP68D, led to similar targeting errors of type III axons. Mutant phenotypes were at least partially reproduced by knockdown of each gene via RNA interference. Taken together, our data suggest the roles of Kinesin-2 proteins, including KLP68D and KLP64D, in ensuring proper synaptic wiring.
Securing delay-tolerant IoT uplink communications against eavesdropping

We consider a network of Internet of Things devices transmitting to an IoT Gateway (IoT-GW). Such communications can potentially be overheard by one or multiple eavesdroppers whose position is unknown. Our goal is to design an artificial noise (AN)-aided transmit strategy such that the secrecy capacity always be positive everywhere across the served region, subject to power and interference cancellation constraints. We thus propose a communication design where the potential eavesdroppers are deactivated by means of jamming operations performed by 1) an In-Band Full Duplex (IBFD) IoT-GW and/or by 2) cooperative helpers featuring multiple antennas. We show that the solution where only the IBFD IoT-GW generates AN is feasible in the smart-home use case, i.e., when a neutralization zone around each IoT-device is assumed. In the case with helpers instead, we show that the Average number of Secure Connections (ASC) increases at least exponentially with the density of the helpers.