Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initial treatment seeking from professional health care providers for eating disorders: A review and synthesis of potential barriers to and facilitators of “first contact”

The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of empirical research exploring barriers to and facilitators of initial treatment seeking ("first contact") from professional health care providers by adults and young adults with eating disorders (EDs). A search of databases PsycINFO and MEDLINE using the terms "treatment" and "eating disorder*" yielded 9,468 peer-reviewed articles published from January 1945 to June 2016. Screening identified 31 articles meeting the following criteria: (1) participants were 16 or older and presented with a self-reported or clinically diagnosed ED; (2) studies focused on (a) initial treatment seeking (b) for an ED (c) from professional health care providers; (3) articles were empirical, and (4) peer reviewed. Quantitative studies revealed few consistent correlates of treatment seeking, perhaps because most variables were examined in only one or two investigations. Variables with some degree of predictive utility (i.e., produced significant results in multiple studies) were age (older), ethnicity (nonethnic minority), ED type (anorexia, purging BN), specific ED-related behaviors (i.e., purging), and time spent on a treatment waitlist following referral (less). Although BMI was one of the most investigated variables, it did not predict treatment seeking. Qualitative studies revealed the following perceived barriers: (1) personal feelings of shame/fear, (2) ED-related beliefs/perceptions, (3) lack of access/availability, and (4) aspects of the treatment process. Perceived facilitators included (1) health-related concerns, (2) emotional distress, and (3) social support. Implications for clinical practice and areas for further research are discussed. Results highlight the need for shared definitions and methodologies across studies of treatment seeking.
The Role of Sustained Professional Development in Science Teacher Renewal and Retention.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the Texas Regional Collaboratives (TRC) professional development program in science teacher renewal and retention. Eighty-five science teachers who were members or former members of the TRC for Excellence in Science Teaching participated in the survey. The characteristics of teachers involved in a sustained TRC professional development program were examined. Why teachers join the TRC program, why they remain in the program for many years, why they leave the program, and factors impacting science teacher renewal are discussed. (KHR) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 044W-document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. The Role of Sustained Professional Development in Science Teacher Renewal and Retention Janice D. Meyer Science Education Center The University of Texas at Austin jmeyer@mail.utexas. edu
The Short-Run and Long-Run Relationships between Mortality and the Business Cycle in Canada

This paper investigates the relationship between health and the business cycle for the Canadian economy. The majority of existing literature shows a procyclical relationship between death rates and indicators of the business cycle, suggesting that recessions are good for one’s health. We use a time series error correction model to determine the short-run and long-run impacts of the unemployment rates on death rates. Our results indicate that temporary slowdowns in economic activity are associated with lower death rates. Moreover, once we stratify the data by sex, we find a long-run negative relationship between the unemployment rate and death rates for both sexes.
Multiagent classical planning

Classical planning problems consist of an environment in a predefined state; a set of deterministic actions that, under certain conditions, change the state of the environment; and a set of goal conditions. A solution to a classical planning problem is a sequence of actions that leads from the initial state to a state satisfying the problem’s goal conditions. There are many methods for finding solutions to classical planning problems, and a popular technique is to exploit structures that commonly occur. One such structure, apparent in many planning domains, is a breakdown of the problem into multiple agents. However, methods for finding and exploiting multiagent structures are not prevalent in the literature and are currently not competitive. This thesis sets out to rectify this problem. Its first main contribution, is to introduce a domain independent algorithm for extracting multiagent structure from classical planning problems. The algorithm relies on identifying a generalisable property of agents in planning; namely, that agents are entities with an internal state, a part of the planning problem that, under a certain distribution of actions, only they can modify. Once this is appropriately formalised, the decomposition algorithm is introduced and is shown to produce identifiably multiagent decompositions over all of the classical planning domains used in the International Planning Competitions, even finding more detailed decompositions than are used by humans in certain cases. Solving multiagent planning problems can be challenging because a solution may require complex inter-agent coordination. The second main contribution of the thesis is a heuristic planning algorithm that effectively exploits the structure of decomposed domains. The algorithm transforms the coordination problem into a process of subgoal generation that can be solved efficiently under a well-known relaxation in planning. The generated subgoals guide the search so that it is always performed by one single-agent subproblem at a time. The algorithm is evaluated and shown to greatly outperform current state-of-the-art planners over decomposable domains. The thesis also includes discussion of the possible extensions of this work, to include the multiagent concepts of self-interested agents and concurrent actions. Results from the multiagent planning literature are improved upon and a new solution concept is presented that accounts for the ‘farsightedness’ inherent in planning. A method is then presented that can find stable solutions for a certain class of multiagent planning problems. A new method is introduced for modelling concurrent actions that allows them to be written without requiring knowledge of each other agent in the domain, and it is shown how such problems can be solved by a translation to single-agent planning.
Metabolic mechanisms associated with antianginal therapy.

Laboratory investigations into preserving viability of the ischemic myocardium or to promote recovery during reperfusion have often focused on the intermediary pathways of energy metabolism. However, in the clinical treatment of angina, the application of metabolic therapies has generally lagged behind or has been incidental to other approaches, such as a vasodilators, calcium antagonists, and negative inotropes. A study published in this issue of Circulation Research has demonstrated that the antianginal agent trimetazidine (1-[2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl] piperazine dihydrochloride [TMZ]) inhibits the activity of one of the enzymes of the β-oxidation pathway in cardiac mitochondria with direct increases in glucose oxidation.1 These findings confirm in an intact, functioning heart model the well-documented, anti-ischemic properties of TMZ2 3 4 and the inhibitory effects of TMZ on long-chain fatty acid oxidation5 with reciprocal enhancement of glucose uptake.6 The study localizes the inhibition of β-oxidation to a specific enzyme, the mitochondrial long-chain 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A (CoA) thiolase. The suggestion by the authors is that the effectiveness of TMZ as an antianginal agent is directly linked to this inhibitory effect on long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Although studies on the isolated heart preparation can neither specifically nor conclusively identify an antianginal mechanism, the findings of the University of Alberta group1 are consistent with the known effectiveness of TMZ as an antianginal agent7 8 9 that reduces long-chain fatty acid oxidation, while lacking both vasodilator activity and negative inotropic effects.9 The inhibitory effects of TMZ on long-chain fatty acid transport into rat heart mitochondria, via inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT 1) enzyme, have already been demonstrated, but TMZ was also found to be much less potent than two other proven antianginal drugs, perhexiline and amiodarone.5 10 However, TMZ does not induce the confounding vasoactive, …
Research of Uniform Stream Fuzzy Optimization Control in Power-Plant Straight-heating Boiler

On the basis of bias-flow analysis of burning system about power-plant straight-heating boiler and its countermeasures, a control scheme is given for the three fuzzy controller to be built by three pipes export absolute temperature-difference as the input , the openness valve as the controlled object. After realizing this control scheme, the problem of coked heat-pipes in burning process has be resolved perfectly. It makes the heat-pipe's life increase more than three times. The result of in real running shows the new design scheme is in reason and in effect.
Geodesic distance based semi-supervised locality dimensinality reduction

Semi-supervised dimensionality reduction is becoming one of the most popular fields nowadays. But the existing algorithms can not fully utilize the information in dimensionality reduction as the side information is treated equally. A new semi-supervised dimensionality reduction algorithm called Geodesic distance based semi-supervised locality dimensionality reduction (GSLDR) is proposed for the handwriting data to overcome the shortcomings. Since Euclidean distance cannot really reflect the structure of data, we adopt geodesic distance as the measurement. Then the algorithm expands the pairwise constraints to strengthen the guiding role of the constraints in dimensionality reduction, and add the constraints to the nearest neighbor graph to make the graph reflect realistic manifold structure of the data. At last, the proposed method is applied to the writer identification. The experimental results on datasets show the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Organizational Transformations in Transition Economies: Hypotheses

This article employs new growth theories and resource advantage/dynamic capabilities research to explain how the process of economic liberalization in transition economies (TEs) redefines the bases of competition and engenders strategic and organizational change. The changes are described in terms of existing types of organizations and new firms emerging after economic liberalization. The manuscript draws a number of propositions concerning the drivers of competitive dynamics and of marketing innovation. The propositions center on overarching regularities in the dynamic interface between market-oriented institutional reforms and changes in marketing behavior across a broad spectrum of regions and income levels and thus transcend the traditional focus on development of low-income countries per se. The manuscript first explains, from a new growth theories perspective, how institutional reforms affect the TE environment. This is followed by resource advantage/dynamic capabilities explanation of firm-level responses and the relationship between those responses and subsequent institutional changes.
Psychological ownership and organizational optimism amid China's corporate transformation: effects of an employee ownership scheme and a management-dominated board

Ownership reform was introduced to Chinese state-owned enterprises in the early 1990s, to allow employees to own a share of their enterprises and to bring changes to the underlying structure of governance. However, effectiveness of this reform has yet to be ascertained. This study examines the effects of the new employee stock ownership scheme and board compositions on the attitudes employees hold towards their jobs and organizations, as well as their perceptions of ownership. We developed a theoretical model on how participation in a stock ownership scheme (an employee's characteristic) and the composition of the board of governance (a firm characteristic) may be linked to job satisfaction and, in turn, to outcome variables such as psychological ownership and organizational optimism. This model was tested on 510 employees randomly sampled from ten stock-holding enterprises in urban Shanghai. Results indicate that participation in a stock ownership scheme has a positive effect on attitudes towards ownership, but that a board dominated by senior managers leads to gloomy perception of a firm's future. These effects were partially mediated by the satisfaction that employees felt in their jobs. The implications of these findings for management practices in China are discussed.
Nitrogen Recycling and Remobilization Are Differentially Controlled by Leaf Senescence and Development Stage in Arabidopsis under Low Nitrogen Nutrition1

Five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), previously selected from the Bay-0 × Shahdara RIL population on the basis of differential leaf senescence phenotypes (from early senescing to late senescing) when cultivated under nitrogen (N)-limiting conditions, were analyzed to monitor metabolic markers related to N assimilation and N remobilization pathways. In each RIL, a decrease of total N, free amino acid, and soluble protein contents with leaf aging was observed. In parallel, the expression of markers for N remobilization such as cytosolic glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and CND41-like protease was increased. This increase occurred earlier and more rapidly in early-senescing lines than in late-senescing lines. We measured the partitioning of 15N between sink and source leaves during the vegetative stage of development using 15N tracing and showed that N remobilization from the source leaves to the sink leaves was more efficient in the early-senescing lines. The N remobilization rate was correlated with leaf senescence severity at the vegetative stage. Experiments of 15N tracing at the reproductive stage showed, however, that the rate of N remobilization from the rosettes to the flowering organs and to the seeds was similar in early- and late-senescing lines. At the reproductive stage, N remobilization efficiency did not depend on senescence phenotypes but was related to the ratio between the biomasses of the sink and the source organs.
The Public Policy Theory Primer

* 1. Public Policy As a Concept And A Field (or Fields) of Study * 2. Does Politics Cause Policy? Does Policy Cause Politics? * 3. Who Makes Decisions? How Do They Make Decisions? Actors and Institutions * 4. Where does policy come from? The Policy Process * 5. What Should We Do? The Field of Policy Analysis. * 6. What Have We Done? Impact Analysis and Program Evaluation * 7. How Does it Work? Policy Implementation * 8. Whose values? Policy design * 9. New Directions in Policy Research * 10. Do The Policy Sciences Exist?
Smart backpack for visually impaired person

We propose smart backpack to guide to destination safely for visually impaired person. To estimate the current position of the blind is very important. We use Zigbee modules that estimate the distance using the signal strength in transmission and reception period. We build a grid-based local area map for guiding user. In addition, we use ultrasonic sensors for detecting obstacles and analysing the spatial environment in front of user. We make a backpack type wearable system by integrating these technologies for the convenient outdoor walking.
BUILDING DEPRECIATION AND PROPERTY APPRAISAL TECHNIQUES

The impact of accelerating technological change in recent years has been to shorten the useful lifespan of many commercial buildings. Shorter income flows and increasing yields have resulted in a rapid descent towards site values. The response to changing investment circumstances such as this will first be reflected in the subjective investment appraisal, which will precede changes in reactive market valuation methodology. This paper presents and compares three alternative methods of appraisal which might allow explicit analysis of building depreciation. Treating the building element of property as a wasting asset akin to a leasehold is rejected for its simplistic assumptions and lack of flexibility. A cost based approach is similarly flawed. The recommended approach is an explicit cash flow projection which reflects the fact that rental growth will decline over a holding period, considering alternative resale prices based upon site value, value for refurbishment, or value if re‐let unimproved.
Novel difference-frequency dual-signal injection method for CMOS mixer linearization

This paper presents the application of dual-signal injection technique to the reduction of intermodulation distortion (IMD) level in double-balanced mixer. In this method, "difference-frequency" signal components are optimally fed to the mixer through the biasing circuitry for IMD cancellation. For comparison purposes, the measured performance of a 900-MHz complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) mixer based upon both single and dual injection approaches is shown.
Failure To Detect Chlamydia pneumoniaein Brain Sections of Alzheimer's Disease Patients

ABSTRACT A recent North American study detected Chlamydia pneumoniae in 17 of 19 brains of Alzheimer's patients and supposed a C. pneumoniae infection to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we analyzed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 20 AD patients by nested PCR and immunocytochemistry with a panel of antichlamydial antibodies and could detect neitherC. pneumoniae-specific DNA nor chlamydial antigens. From our data, the presence of C. pneumoniae in the brains of Alzheimer's patients is not a common phenomenon; an association remains questionable.
What are the Costs and Benefits of Patent Systems?

There do not appear to be any cost-benefit assessments of the impact of patent systems, nor any data that can be used to directly assess the economic impact of patent systems. Discussions of patent policy therefore tend to be theoretical, and any evidence used is anecdotal rather than scientifically based. A wider search shows, however, that there is substantial empirical material on the costs and benefits of patent systems published in a very diverse range of journals and working papers. While these do not allow a full assessment of the economic impact of patent systems, they do provide useful evidence on many aspects of the impact of patent systems. This evidence is drawn together in this summary overview. The objective is to assist in a move towards an evidence-based discussion of patents as a central issue in innovation policy.
Music genre/mood classification using a feature-based modulation spectrum

The feature-based modulation flatness measure (FMSFM) and feature-based modulation crest measure (FMSCM) are proposed as novel feature vectors for music genre and mood classification. These features are extracted using a feature-based modulation spectrum to represent time-varying characteristics of the music signal. Instead of the spectrogram of the signal, timbral features such as mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), decorrelated filter bank (DFB), and octave-based spectral contrast (OSC) are used for modulation. Combining FMSFM and FMSCM with the timbral features, we obtain significantly better accuracy in genre and mood classification than the conventional features.
Demand controlled ventilation strategies for high indoor air quality and low heating energy demand

In this study several demand controlled ventilation (DCV) strategies are compared with regard to indoor air quality, thermal comfort, and heating energy demand. In order to appropriately model the office room equipped with a PID controlled floor heating system and 4 commonly used bottom-hinged tilted windows located in our low-energy research house (SmartHOME), the thermal time constants and air exchange rates including the infiltration rate and natural ventilation rate were measured. Simulations were then performed for 2 typical winter days in Munich in the accordingly modeled office room with 2 adults working from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. The DCV strategies ensure that the CO2 concentration of the indoor air stays within the preset range. The Pettenkofer limit of 1000 ppm is a hygienically approved limit value for long-term occupied spaces. The results show that the combination of appropriate DCV and floor heating control strategies can greatly reduce the heating energy consumption and at the same time guarantees high indoor air quality and low room temperature variations. It can decrease the total heating energy demand of the office room during working hours by approximately 27% and save 4.4 kWh per typical winter day compared with the usually recommended “brief and intensive airing” method. Moreover, based on our measurements we performed CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations in order to determine the temporally resolved 3D distributions of the indoor CO2 concentration. These results help determine the best location in the room for a single sensor inside the room to representatively measure the CO2 concentration.
Reconstructing past occupational exposures: how reliable are women's reports of their partner's occupation?

Objectives Most of the evidence on agreement between self- and proxy-reported occupational data comes from interview-based studies. The authors aimed to examine agreement between women's reports of their partner's occupation and their partner's own description using questionnaire-based data collected as a part of the prospective, population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Methods Information on present occupation was self-reported by women's partners and proxy-reported by women through questionnaires administered at 8 and 21 months after the birth of a child. Job titles were coded to the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC2000) using software developed by the University of Warwick (Computer-Assisted Structured Coding Tool). The accuracy of proxy-report was expressed as percentage agreement and kappa coefficients for four-, three- and two-digit SOC2000 codes obtained in automatic and semiautomatic (manually improved) coding modes. Data from 6016 couples at 8 months and 5232 couples at 21 months postnatally were included in the analyses. Results The agreement between men's self-reported occupation and women's report of their partner's occupation in fully automatic coding mode at four-, three- and two-digit code level was 65%, 71% and 77% at 8 months and 68%, 73% and 76% at 21 months. The accuracy of agreement was slightly improved by semiautomatic coding of occupations: 73%/73%, 78%/77% and 83%/80% at 8/21 months respectively. While this suggests that women's description of their partners' occupation can be used as a valuable tool in epidemiological research where data from partners are not available, this study revealed no agreement between these young women and their partners at the two-digit level of SOC2000 coding in approximately one in five cases. Conclusion Proxy reporting of occupation introduces a statistically significant degree of error in classification. The effects of occupational misclassification by proxy reporting in retrospective occupational epidemiological studies based on questionnaire data should be considered.