Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
eMIPS, A Dynamically Extensible Processor

The eMIPS architecture can realize the performance benefits of application-specific hardware optimizations in a general-purpose, multi-user system environment using a dynamically extensible processor architecture. It allows multiple secure Extensions to load dynamically and to plug into the stages of a pipelined data path, thereby extending the core instruction set of the microprocessor. Extensions can also be used to realize on-chip peripherals and if area permits even multiple cores. The new functionality can be exploited by patching the binaries of the existing applications, without requiring any changes to the compilers. A working FPGA prototype and a flexible simulation system demonstrate speedups of 2x-3x on a set of applications that include games, realtime programs and the SPEC2000 integer benchmarks. eMIPS is the first realized workstation based entirely on a dynamically extensible processor that is safe for general purpose, multi-user applications. By exposing the individual stages of the data path, eMIPS allows optimizations not previously possible. This includes permitting safe and coherent accesses to memory from within an Extension, optimizing multi-branched blocks, and throwing precise and restartable exceptions from within an Extension.
Correcting for Measurement Error in Individual‐Level Covariates in Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models

Summary. The nonlinear mixed effects model is used to represent data in pharmacokinetics, viral dynamics, and other areas where an objective is to elucidate associations among individual‐specific model parameters and covariates; however, covariates may be measured with error. For additive measurement error, we show substitution of mismeasured covariates for true covariates may lead to biased estimators for fixed effects and random effects covariance parameters, while regression calibration may eliminate bias in fixed effects but fail to correct that in covariance parameters. We develop methods to take account of measurement error that correct this bias and may be implemented with standard software, and we demonstrate their utility via simulation and application to data from a study of HIV dynamics.
Technologies for Efficient Amateur Drone Detection in 5G Millimeter-Wave Cellular Infrastructure

Unmanned aerial vehicles, also called drones, are recently gaining increased research attention across various fields due to their flexibility and application potential. The steady increase in the number of amateur drones demands more stringent regulations on their allowed route, mass, and load. However, these regulations may be violated accidentally or deliberately. In these cases, spying with drones, transfer of dangerous payloads, or losing reliable drone control can represent a new hazard for people, governments, and business sector. The technologies to detect, track, and disarm possible aerial threats are therefore in prompt demand. To this end, ubiquitous cellular networks, and especially 5G infrastructures based on the use of millimeter-wave radio modules, may be efficiently leveraged to offer the much needed drone detection capabilities. In this work, we propose to exploit 5G millimeter-wave deployments to detect violating amateur drones. We argue that the prospective 5G infrastructure may provide all the necessary technology elements to support efficient detection of small-sized drones. We therefore outline a novel technology and system design perspective, including such considerations as the density of base stations, their directional antennas, and the available bandwidth, among others, as well as characterize their impact with our ray-based modeling methods.
Impasses: A Developmental and Structural Understanding

The three degrees of impasse developed by R. and M. Goulding are defined in development terms which relate to such factors as age, verbal and motor skills, discrimination, consciousness, etc. These terms integrate contributions from Primal Therapy, Reichian, and neo-Reichian approaches to the understanding of impasses. A specific locus of resolution for each degree of impasse is suggested. Several advantages are proposed for the employment of this formulation. Examples of clinical applications are included.
Evaluation of Hajj Instrument (HAJI) Psychometric Properties Using Rasch Measurement

Hajj Instrument (HAJI) was developed to determine hajj pilgrim’s wellness. This study used Rasch measurement to evaluate the psychometric properties including validity and reliability of the HAJI. The respondents involved in this study were 300 comprised of Malaysian hajj pilgrims. HAJI consists of eight constructs namely physical care, physical activity, healthy eating, knowledge, mental toughness, intrapersonal, interpersonal and relationship with Creator and natures. Validity of each construct and content was determined through dimensionality, item fit and item polarity while the reliability was achieved by administered person and item separation. The results showed that the reliability for both item and person were 0.99 and 0.96 respectively. Besides, there were no items need to be dropped based on PTMEA CORR and INFIT MNSQ results. The study revealed that the items of HAJI fit the Rasch model as well as able to measure hajj pilgrim’s wellness.
Identification of the UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase Isozyme Involved in Senecionine Glucuronidation in Human Liver Microsomes

Senecionine (SEN) is a representative of the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Although phase I metabolism for cytochrome P450-mediated metabolic activation of SEN was investigated extensively, phase II metabolism for glucuronidation of this compound has not been investigated until now. In our present study, one unique glucuronidation product of SEN in human liver microsomes (HLMs) was identified as SEN N-glucuronide using an authentically synthesized product for which the structure was identified via 1H and 13C NMR analysis. Subsequently, kinetics indicated that SEN N-glucuronidation followed the typical Michaelis-Menten model and only one major isozyme participated in it. Finally, this isozyme was demonstrated to be UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A4, with the direct evidence that recombinant UGT1A4 exhibited predominant and exclusive activity on SEN N-glucuronidation. This result was confirmed by other experiments including chemical inhibition by selective inhibitors and a correlation study between activities of SEN N-glucuronidation and various UGT isozymes. The exclusive role of UGT1A4 on SEN N-glucuronidation was strengthened additionally by its inhibitory kinetic study in which the selective inhibitor of UGT1A4 showed a similar inhibition pattern and Ki values in both HLM and recombinant UGT1A4 systems. Because UGT2B10 activity failed to correlate with SEN N-glucuronidation in HLMs from 10 individuals, it was impossible for UGT2B10 to play an important role in this metabolism.
Minimum LM Unit Root Test with Two Structural Breaks

The two-break unit root test of Lumsdaine and Papell (1997) is examined and found to suffer from bias and spurious rejections in the presence of structural breaks under the null. A two-break minimum LM unit root test is proposed as a remedy. The two-break LM test does not suffer from bias and spurious rejections and is mostly invariant to the size, location, and misspecification of the breaks. We test the Nelson and Plosser (1982) data and find fewer rejections of the unit root than Lumsdaine and Papell. JEL classification: C12, C15, and C22
Differential activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways by vasculotropic amyloid‐β variants in cells composing the cerebral vessel walls

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is an age‐associated condition and a common finding in Alzheimer's disease in which amyloid‐β (Aβ) vascular deposits are featured in >80% of the cases. Familial Aβ variants bearing substitutions at positions 21–23 are primarily associated with CAA, although they manifest with strikingly different clinical phenotypes: cerebral hemorrhage or dementia. The recently reported Piedmont L34V Aβ mutant, located outside the hot spot 21–23, shows a similar hemorrhagic phenotype, albeit less aggressive than the widely studied Dutch E22Q variant. We monitored the apoptotic events occurring after stimulation of human brain microvascular endo‐thelial and smooth muscle cells with nonfibrillar structures of both variants and wild‐type Aβ40. Induction of analogous caspase‐mediated mitochondrial pathways was elicited by all peptides, although within different time frames and intensity. Activated pathways were susceptible to pharmacological modulation either through direct inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome c release or by the action of pan‐ and pathway‐specific caspase inhibitors, giving a clear indication of the independent or synergistic engagement of both extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms. Structural analyses of the Aβ peptides showed that apoptosis preceded fibril formation, correlating with the presence of oligomers and/or protofibrils. The data support the notion that rare genetic mutations constitute unique paradigms to understand the molecular pathogenesis of CAA. —Fossati, S. , Cam, J., Meyerson, J., Mezhericher, E. , Romero, I. A. , Couraud, P. O. , Weksler, B. B. , Ghiso, J., Rostagno, A. Differential activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways by vasculotropic amyloid‐β variants in cells composing the cerebral vessel walls. FASEB J. 24, 229–241 (2010). www.fasebj. org
POPULAR MUSIC LYRICS AND ADOLESCENT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDES

This study examines the possible links between music lyrics and adolescent sexual health and behavior. This relationship is first explored through a content analysis of sexual content of popular music lyrics. The findings generally support those of previous content analyses that find sexual content to be increasing, to be used regardless of gender of singer, and to be higher among some genres than others. The study also offers unexpected evidence of a link between lyrical content and cultural happenings that was not formally sought as part of the original study. The study secondly seeks to discover any correlations between sexual content of lyrics and national social indicators of adolescent sexual behavior. Few findings of significance emerged, and future research may wish to examine why expected negative media effects do not reveal themselves at the national level.
Verification of Cooperative Multi-Agent Negotiation with Alloy Analyzer

Multi-agent systems provide an increasingly popular solution in problem domains that require management of uncertainty and high degree of adaptability. Robustness is a key design criteria in building multi-agent systems. We present a novel approach for the design of robust multi-agent systems. Our approach constructs a model of the design of a multi-agent system in Alloy, a declarative language based on relations, and checks the properties of the model using the Alloy Analyzer, a fully automatic analysis tool for Alloy models. While several prior techniques exist for checking properties of multi-agent systems, the novelty of our work is that we can check properties of coordination and interaction, as well as properties of complex data structures that the agents may internally be manipulating or even sharing. The suggested work is the first application of Alloy to checking properties of multi-agent systems. Such unified analysis has not been possible before.
Secure and Green SWIPT in Distributed Antenna Networks With Limited Backhaul Capacity

This paper studies the resource allocation algorithm design for secure information and renewable green energy transfer to mobile receivers in distributed antenna communication systems. In particular, distributed remote radio heads (RRHs/antennas) are connected to a central processor (CP) via capacity-limited backhaul links to facilitate joint transmission. The RRHs and the CP are equipped with renewable energy harvesters and share their energies via a lossy micropower grid for improving the efficiency in conveying information and green energy to mobile receivers via radio frequency signals. The considered resource allocation algorithm design is formulated as a mixed nonconvex and combinatorial optimization problem taking into account the limited backhaul capacity and the quality-of-service requirements for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). We aim at minimizing the total network transmit power when only imperfect channel state information of the wireless energy harvesting receivers, which have to be powered by the wireless network, is available at the CP. In light of the intractability of the problem, we reformulate it as an optimization problem with binary selection, which facilitates the design of an iterative resource allocation algorithm to solve the problem optimally using the generalized Bender's decomposition (GBD). Furthermore, a suboptimal algorithm is proposed to strike a balance between computational complexity and system performance. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed GBD-based algorithm obtains the global optimal solution and the suboptimal algorithm achieves a close-to-optimal performance. In addition, the distributed antenna network for SWIPT with renewable energy sharing is shown to require a lower transmit power compared with a traditional system with multiple colocated antennas.
Laminin and growth factor receptor activation stimulates differential growth responses in subpopulations of adult DRG neurons

Neurons in the adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) can be classified into at least three separate subpopulations based on morphologic and phenotypic differences. In this study we have focused on the growth response of these specific subpopulations in vitro with respect to laminin (LN) and growth factor receptor activation. Using a cell selection approach we show that LN‐induced neurite growth occurs in the absence of added trophic factors only in heavy‐chain neurofilament‐positive and calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐positive DRG neurons [nerve growth factor (NGF)‐responsive population]. In contrast, LN alone is not sufficient to stimulate significant neurite growth from lectin Griffonia simplicifolia IB4‐positive neurons (IB4+ve), although it is still required to elicit a growth response from these cells in the presence of glial‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF, e.g. neurite growth occurred only when cells were plated on LN in the presence of GDNF). By using chemical inhibitors we demonstrate that only the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI 3‐K)/Akt pathway is required for neurite growth from the NGF‐responsive cell population. However, both the PI 3‐K/Akt and MEK/mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways are required for neurite growth from the IB4+ve cell population. Thus, we have identified specific signaling events and environmental requirements associated with neurite growth for different subpopulations of adult DRG neurons, pointing to potential therapeutic targets while identifying an inability for any one treatment alone to repair peripheral nerve damage.
Physiological and Psychological Effects of Short-term Exercise Addiction on Habitual Runners

This experiment examined, through quantitative measures, exercise dependence in subjects who had been running at least a year and ran at least 5 days a week. The subjects, 24 males and 9 females, were randomly assigned to groups according to the Solomon four-group design. Two groups ran and the other two did not on the day of the experiment. Pretests were given to one of the running and one of the nonrunning groups. Dependent variables were the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and galvanic skin response. Overall multivariate analysis showed a significant running by pretest interaction. The nonpretested running group revealed significantly lower depression (POMS) and GSR scores than the nonpretested nonrunning group. The results suggest that even slight variations from running schedules may have a negative effect on habitual runners.
Morning and afternoon serum cortisol level in patients with post-myocardial infarction depression

Background Post-myocardial depression is a highly prevalent condition which worsens the course and prognosis of coronary artery disease. One possible pathogenetic factor is dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in cortisol profile disturbances. Methods Thirty seven patients hospitalized due to a first myocardial infarction (MI) were enrolled in this study. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to rate the severity of their depressive symptoms. Morning and afternoon serum cortisol samples were taken on the fifth day of the MI. Results Depression, defined as BDI ≥ 10, was present in 34.4% of the patients. A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean morning and the evening plasma concentrations in patients with depression compared to the no-depression group: F (1.29) = 5.0405, p = 0.0328. Conclusions Patients with depressive symptoms directly after MI have a flattened diurnal serum cortisol profile. This is particularly expressed in patients with longer lasting symptoms.
Breaking the Flow - Examining the Link between Flow and Learning in Computer-Mediated Learning Environments

In the context of research concerning computer-mediated learning environments (CMLEs), the construct of flow, or optimal experience, has been positively linked with students' learning outcomes, such as affective and cognitive perceptions of learning and the development of academic skills. However, this linkage is compromised by inconsistent characterizations of flow across studies and divergent measures of when flow may have occurred during learning. Further, characterizations of learning have differed across studies (i.e. self-reported attitudes about one's learning experience or one's academic achievement). In this paper, we review these inconsistencies and discuss how meta-analysis may be one means by which we can examine whether flow does impact learning within CMLEs, given the differing operationalizations of flow and learning that are found within the extant literature.
Mental Health and Service Issues Faced by Older Immigrants in Canada: A Scoping Review

RÉSUMÉ Une population vieillissante et la croissance de la population sur la base de l’immigration nécessitent que la recherche, la pratique et la politique doivent se concentrer sur la santé mentale des immigrants âgés, surtout parce que leur santé mentale semble se détériorer au fil du temps. Cette revue se concentre sur: Qu’est-ce que l’on sait sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé mentale chez les immigrants âgés, et quels sont les obstacles à l’accès aux services de santé mentale confrontés par les immigrants âgés? Les résultats révèlent que (1) les déterminants sociaux décisifs de la santé mentale sont la culture, le sexe et les services de santé; (2) que les immigrants plus âgés utilisent les services de santé mentale de moins que leurs homologues nés au Canada à cause des obstacles tels que, par exemple, les croyances et les valeurs culturelles, un manque de services culturellement et linguistiquement appropriées, des difficultés financières, et l’âgisme; et (3) quelles que soient les sous-catégories dans cette population, les immigrants âgés éprouvent des inégalités en matière de la santé mentale. La preuve des recherches disponibles indique que de combler les lacunes des service de santé mentale devrait devenir une priorité pour la politique et la pratique du système de soins de santé au Canada. ABSTRACT An aging population and immigration-based population growth necessitate research, practice, and policy focusing on the mental health of older immigrants in Canada, especially, because their mental health appears to deteriorate over time. This review focuses on: What is known about the social determinants of mental health for older immigrants in Canada and what are the barriers they face in accessing mental health services? Findings reveal that: (1) the key social determinants of mental health are culture, health services and gender; (2) older immigrants use fewer mental health services than their Canadian-born counterparts due to cultural beliefs, lack of culturally and linguistically-appropriate services, financial difficulties, and ageism; and (3) regardless of the subcategories within this population, older immigrants experience mental health inequities. The research evidence provides a clear message that addressing mental health service gaps for older immigrants should be a policy and practice priority for Canada’s health care system.
Aligning sequences with repetitive motifs

Pairwise sequence alignment is among the most intensively studied problems in computational biology. We present a method for alignment of two sequences containing repetitive motifs. This is motivated by biological studies of proteins with zinc finger domain, an important group of regulatory proteins. Due to their evolutionary history, sequences of these proteins contain a variable number of different zinc fingers (short subsequences with specific symbols at each position). Our algorithm uses two types of hidden Markov models (HMM): pair HMMs and profile HMMs. Profile HMMs describe the structure of sequence motifs. Pair HMMs assign a probability to alignment of two motifs. Combination of the these two types of models yields an algorithm that uses different score when aligning conserved vs. variable motif residues. The dynamic programming algorithm that computes the motif alignments is based on the well known Viterbi algorithm. We evaluated our model on sequences of zinc finger proteins and compared it with existing alternatives.
Religion, Spirituality, and Mental Health: Current Controversies and Future Directions

Abstract Although studies examining religion, spirituality, and mental health generally indicate positive associations, there is a need for more sophisticated methodology, greater discrimination between different cultures and traditions, more focus on situated experiences of individuals belonging to particular traditions, and, in particular, greater integration of theological contributions to this area. We suggest priorities for future research based on these considerations.
Modulation spectrum based beamforming for speech enhancement

In array signal processing, beamforming is a common technique to align time differences between multi-microphone signals. Beamformers, however, have limits to reduce noise specially in the presence of reverberation. In this paper, we incorporate modulation properties of speech into a pre-processing algorithm to improve beamformer performance under combined noise-plus-reverberation conditions. In the modulation domain, signals are decomposed into modulators and carriers. Here, we propose to filter and perform short-time spectral subtraction of the modulator as a pre-processing step prior to beamforming, which in turn, is designed to align time differences between carriers of the array signal and to minimize the residual noise of the pre-processed signals. Simulation results with several noise-only and noise-plus-reverberation conditions show that the modulation pre-processing has improved the minimum power distortionless response beamformer by up to 7.4dB in the signal-to-noise ratio and 0.6 points in perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) score.