Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
There are Two Different Dysexecutive Syndromes

The idea of “executive function” has become a fundamental concept in contemporary neurosciences. However, some disagreement remains around the question of unity or diversity (non-unitary) of executive functions and different points of view have been proposed. In this paper it is suggested that two major types of executive dysfunction syndromes can be separated: (a) Metacognitive executive dysfunction syndrome associated with dorsolateral frontal damage; and (b) Motivational/emotional executive dysfunction syndrome associated with orbitofrontal and medial frontal pathology. The first one is characterized by disturbances in intellectual abilities (“intelligence”), whereas the second one relates to impairments in behavioral control (disinhibition, impulsivity, etc.). Contemporary neuroimaging studies support this proposal.
Personality Facets in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Differential Change across Treatment and Association with Relapse and Recurrence

Personality assessed at a higher-order, “domain” level has shown to be predictive of the treatment response and course of major depressive disorder (MDD). Personality domains have also shown mean-level change (i.e., absolute change) and rank-order stability (i.e., relative stability) across treatment. The nature and prognostic significance of personality change at a lower-order, “facet” level has yet to be evaluated. The present study investigated absolute and relative change of personality facets across cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), and antidepressant medication (ADM) for MDD, and the effect of personality change and pre-treatment personality traits on relapse/recurrence. A total of 150 outpatients with the MDD were randomized to receive either CBT, IPT, or ADM. Remitted patients (n = 92) were assessed on a weekly basis for a maximum of 18 months following treatment. Findings support absolute change and relative stability of personality facets, indicating that both components of personality have prognostic significance. PERSONALITY FACETS AND DEPRESSION iii
Empirical Studies on Quality in Agile Practices: A Systematic Literature Review

Nowadays one key question for most organizations is which of the agile practices should be implemented to improve product quality. This systematic literature review surveys studies published up to and including 2009 and attempts to present and evaluate the empirical findings regarding quality in agile practices. The studies were classified into three groups: test driven or test first development, pair programming, and miscellaneous agile practices and methods. The findings of most studies suggest that agile practices can improve quality if they are implemented correctly. The significant findings of this study, in conjunction with previous research, could be used as guidelines for practitioners on their own settings and situations.
Control versus Generativity : A Complex Adaptive Systems Perspective on Service Platforms Research-in-Progress

Service platforms emerge as a dominant strategy for generating innovations. In this paper we argue that leveraging innovations on service platforms requires a careful trade-off between stimulating and controlling generativity. In order to gain a richer understanding of this duality we distill literature on generativity across disciplines. Our review yields two mechanisms for controlling generativity, architectural and relational control. We argue that conceptualizing service platforms as complex adaptive systems allows us to explain the impacts of both control mechanisms on the platform’s generativity. In order to observe control impacts we motivate a longitudinal methodological perspective and present first results of an empirical study at a large multinational service platform vendor. The final results of this study are expected to contribute to extant literature on service platforms and complex adaptive systems, as well as to provide valuable insights for decision makers in the field.
Risk-based midterm contract portfolio optimization for a DisCo in hybrid electricity market

In a competitive electricity market, Distribution Company (DisCo) seeks strategies to procure their energy needs from different resources (pool, bilateral contracts, and their own generation facilities) at minimum cost while controlling the risk. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to address the electricity procurement problem of DisCO using the concept of Expected Downside Risk (EDR) regarding its midterm procurement strategies. The financial risk associated with the market price uncertainty is incorporated explicitly as a constraint in the mixed-integer linear stochastic optimization problem. The method can be used as a tool for assessing the risk levels, considering whether a DisCO is risk-taking or risk-averse. Illustrative example shows the impact of market price uncertainty on DisCo's schedule and discusses the way DisCos could decrease financial risks by managing expected costs.
Use of Florbetapir-PET for Imaging-Amyloid Pathology

Christopher M. Clark, MD Julie A. Schneider, MD Barry J. Bedell, MD, PhD Thomas G. Beach, MD, PhD Warren B. Bilker, PhD Mark A. Mintun, MD Michael J. Pontecorvo, PhD Franz Hefti, PhD Alan P. Carpenter, PhD Matthew L. Flitter, BA Michael J. Krautkramer, BS Hank F. Kung, PhD R. Edward Coleman, MD P. Murali Doraiswamy, MD Adam S. Fleisher, MD, MAS Marwan N. Sabbagh, MD Carl H. Sadowsky, MD Eric M. Reiman, MD Simone P. Zehntner, PhD Daniel M. Skovronsky, MD, PhD for the AV45-A07 Study Group
Afterglow Light Curve Modulated by a Highly Magnetized Millisecond Pulsar

We investigate consequences of a continuously energy-injecting central engine of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow emission, assuming that a highly magnetized pulsar is left beaming in the core of a GRB progenitor. Beaming and continuous energy-injection are natural consequences of the pulsar origin of GRB afterglows. Whereas previous studies have considered continuous energy-injection from a new-born pulsar to interpret the deviation of afterglow light curves of GRBs from those with the simple power law behavior, a beaming effect, which is one of the most important aspects of pulsar emissions, is ignored in earlier investigations. We explicitly include the beaming effect and consider a change of the beaming with time due to a dynamical evolution of a new-born pulsar. We show that the magnitude of the afterglow from this fireball indeed first decreases with time, subsequently rises, and declines again. One of the most peculiar optical afterglows light curve of GRB 970508 can be accounted for by continuous energy injection with beaming due to a highly magnetized new-born pulsar. We discuss implications on such observational evidence for a pulsar.
An integrated system for teaching spoken dialogue systems technology

Spoken language systems are highly complex and teaching of students in this subject matter and in the underlying technologies could benefit greatly from instructional software. The aim of this work has been to give students hands-on experience via a fully functioning spoken dialogue system as a teaching aid. This dialogue system was built using our toolkit for spoken language technology as a dedicated laboratory environment for students. The system was used in a lab which was part of two courses on spoken language technology given by our department. Students were given some initial guidance on how to modify and extend the system but most of their work was unsupervised. Overall, the laboratory system was a success and we plan to improve and extend it for the coming academic year. Thanks to the rapid prototyping and development character of our toolkit we might even use it and the modules from the system as a software basis for student projects in spoken language technology.
A Topology-Aware Random Walk

When a graph can be decomposed into clusters of well connected subgraphs, it is possible to speed up random walks taking advantage of the topology of the graph. In this work, a new random walk scheme is introduced and a condition is given when the new random walk performs better than the Metropolis algorithm. In this work, we design and analyze a simple but e-cient hierarchical random walk scheme, taking the above observations into perspective. Our scheme as- sumes that peers tend to form well connected clusters in the network and these clusters can be identifled. These assumptions are reasonable, since peers may form a cluster within an ISP rather than between ISPs. Once we identify clusters in the network, our random walk scheme makes difierent moves depending on whether nodes are connected to other clusters or not. This awareness of topology in random walk usually results in faster mixing time. By analysis, we flnd conditions when our scheme performs better.
Oblivious Communication Channels and Their Capacity

Let be C={x1,. ,xn} sub {0,1}n be an [n,N] binary error correcting code (not necessarily linear). Let e{0,1}n be an error vector. A codeword xepsiC is said to be disturbed by the error e if the closest codeword to xopluse is no longer x. Let Ae be the subset of codewords in C that are disturbed by e. In this work, we study the size of Ae in random codes C (i.e., codes in which each codeword is chosen uniformly and independently at random from {0,1}n ). Using recent results of Vu [Random Structures and Algorithms, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 262-316, 2002] on the concentration of non-Lipschitz functions, we show that |Ae| is strongly concentrated for a wide range of values of N and ||e||. We apply this result in the study of communication channels we refer to as oblivious. Roughly speaking, a channel W(y|x) is said to be oblivious if the error distribution imposed by the channel is independent of the transmitted codeword x. A family of channels Psi is said to be oblivious if every member W of the family is oblivious. In this work, we define oblivious and partially oblivious families of (not necessarily memoryless) channels and analyze their capacity. When considering the capacity of a family of channels Psi, one must address the design of error correcting codes which allow communication under the uncertainty of which channel WepsiPsi is actually used. The oblivious channels we define have connections to arbitrarily varying channels with state constraints.
Sketching probabilistic data streams

The management of uncertain, probabilistic data has recently emerged as a useful paradigm for dealing with the inherent unreliabilities of several real-world application domains, including data cleaning, information integration, and pervasive, multi-sensor computing. Unlike conventional data sets, a set of probabilistic tuples defines a probability distribution over an exponential number of possible worlds (i.e., "grounded", deterministic databases). This "possibleworlds" interpretation allows for clean query semantics but also raises hard computational problems for probabilistic database query processors. To further complicate matters, in many scenarios (e.g., large-scale process and environmental monitoring using multiple sensor modalities), probabilistic data tuples arrive and need to be processed in a streaming fashion; that is, using limited memory and CPU resources and without the benefit of multiple passes over a static probabilistic database. Such probabilistic data streams raise a host of new research challenges for stream-processing engines that, to date, remain largely unaddressed. In this paper, we propose the first space- and time-efficient algorithms for approximating complex aggregate queries (including, the number of distinct values and join/self-join sizes) over probabilistic data streams. Following the possible-worlds semantics, such aggregates essentially define probability distributions over the space of possible aggregation results, and our goal is to characterize such distributions through efficient approximations of their key moments (such as expectation and variance). Our algorithms offer strong randomized estimation guarantees while using only sublinear space in the size of the stream(s), and rely on novel, concise streaming sketch synopses that extend conventional sketching ideas to the probabilistic streams setting. Our experimental results verify the effectiveness of our approach.
Scalable clustering algorithms for continuous environmental flow cytometry

MOTIVATION Recent technological innovations in flow cytometry now allow oceanographers to collect high-frequency flow cytometry data from particles in aquatic environments on a scale far surpassing conventional flow cytometers. The SeaFlow cytometer continuously profiles microbial phytoplankton populations across thousands of kilometers of the surface ocean. The data streams produced by instruments such as SeaFlow challenge the traditional sample-by-sample approach in cytometric analysis and highlight the need for scalable clustering algorithms to extract population information from these large-scale, high-frequency flow cytometers. RESULTS We explore how available algorithms commonly used for medical applications perform at classification of such a large-scale, environmental flow cytometry data. We apply large-scale Gaussian mixture models to massive datasets using Hadoop. This approach outperforms current state-of-the-art cytometry classification algorithms in accuracy and can be coupled with manual or automatic partitioning of data into homogeneous sections for further classification gains. We propose the Gaussian mixture model with partitioning approach for classification of large-scale, high-frequency flow cytometry data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Source code available for download at https://github.com/jhyrkas/seaflow_cluster, implemented in Java for use with Hadoop. CONTACT hyrkas@cs.washington. edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The ConceptMapper Approach to Named Entity Recognition

ConceptMapper is an open source tool we created for classifying mentions in an unstructured text document based on concept terminologies (dictionaries) and yielding named entities as output. It is implemented as a UIMA (Unstructured Information Management Architecture) annotator and is highly configurable: concepts can come from standardised or proprietary terminologies; arbitrary attributes can be associated with dictionary entries, and those attributes can then be associated with the named entities in the output; numerous search strategies and search options can be specified; any tokenizer packaged as a UIMA annotator can be used to tokenize the dictionary, so the same tokenization can be guaranteed for the input and dictionary, minimising tokenization mismatch errors; and the types and features of UIMA annotations used as input and generated as output can also be controlled. We describe ConceptMapper and its configuration parameters and their trade-offs, then describe the results of an experiment wherein some of these parameters are varied and precision and recall are subsequently measured in the task of in identifying concepts in a collection English-language clinical reports (colon cancer pathology). ConceptMapper is available from the Apache UIMA Sandbox, covered by the Apache Open Source license.
RRR 30-2004 , SEPTEMBER 2004 LOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY DATA TO DIFFERENTIATE ENTITIES OF IDIOPATHIC INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIAS

The aim of this paper is to analyze computed tomography (CT) data by using the Logical Analysis of Data (LAD) methodology in order to distinguish between three types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). The paper demonstrates that LAD can distinguish with high accuracy different forms (IPF, NSIP and DIP) of IIPs. It shows also that the patterns developed by LAD techniques provide additional information about outliers, redundant features, the relative significance of attributes, and makes possible the identification of promoters and blockers of various forms of IIPs. Acknowledgements: Peter L. Hammer and Irina Lozina gratefully acknowledge the partial support of NSF through Grant # NSF-IIS-0312953.
Energy on Demand : A Multimedia Gateway Methodology EEC 282 Project Report

One of the most important design issues for battery operated multimedia applications is low energy consumption. This paper proposes an energy optimization technique for latency and quality constrained video applications in a multimedia gateway. We propose different queue creation and scheduling algorithms to dynamically change the energy/distortion factor based on a client’s power consumption requirement. The client in our system is assumed to be an Intel XScale R ©processor. Our proposed Dynamic Energy Consumption Limitation (DECL) algorithm is shown to be accurate to less than 1% for the average of all target energy per packet values and scheduling algorithms tested.
An Algorithm for Bayesian Variable Selection in High-dimensional Generalized Linear Models

Inspired by analysis of genomic data, the primary quest is to identify associations between studied traits and genetic markers where number of markers is typically much larger than sample size. Bayesian variable selection methods with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) are extensively applied to analyze such high-dimensional data. However, MCMC is often slow to converge with large number of candidate predictors. In this study, we examine the empirical Bayes variable selection with a sparse prior on the unknown coefficients. An iterated conditional modes/medians (ICM/M) algorithm is proposed for implementation by iteratively minimizing a conditional loss function in high-dimensional linear regression model. Attention is then directed to extend the algorithm to a generalized linear model. The performances of our approach are evaluated through simulation study.
The Application of Fuzzy Logic to Collocation Extraction

Collocations are important for many tasks of Natural language processing such as information retrieval, machine translation, computational lexicography etc. So far many statistical methods have been used for collocation extraction. Almost all the methods form a classical crisp set of collocation. We propose a fuzzy logic approach of collocation extraction to form a fuzzy set of collocations in which each word combination has a certain grade of membership for being collocation. Fuzzy logic provides an easy way to express natural language into fuzzy logic rules. Two existing methods; Mutual information and t-test have been utilized for the input of the fuzzy inference system. The resulting membership function could be easily seen and demonstrated. To show the utility of the fuzzy logic some word pairs have been examined as an example. The working data has been based on a corpus of about one million words contained in different novels constituting project Gutenberg available on www.gutenberg. org. The proposed method has all the advantages of the two methods, while overcoming their drawbacks. Hence it provides a better result than the two methods.
Facilitating parallel web browsing through multiple-page view

Parallel web browsing describes the behavior where users visit web pages in multiple concurrent threads. Qualitative studies have observed this activity being performed with multiple browser windows or tabs. However, these solutions are not satisfying since a large amount of time is wasted on switch among windows and tabs. In this paper, we propose the multiple-page view to facilitate parallel web browsing. Specifically, we provide users with the experience of visiting multiple web pages in one browser window and tab with extensions of prevalent desktop web browsers. Through user study and survey, we found that 2-4 pages within the window size were preferred for multiple-page view in spite of the diverse screen sizes and resolutions. Analytical results of logs from the user study also showed an improvement of 26.3% in users' efficiency of performing parallel web browsing tasks, compared to traditional browsing with multiple windows or tabs.
The Lin28 Expression in Stallion Testes

The molecular markers for specific germ cell stages can be utilized for identifying, monitoring, and separating a particular stage of germ cells. The RNA-binding protein Lin28 is expressed in gonocytes of human fetal testes. The Lin28 expression is restricted to a very small population of spermatogonial cells in human, mice, and monkey. The main objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Lin28 in stallion testes at different reproductive stages. Based on the presence or absence of full spermatogenesis and lumina in seminiferous tubules, the testicular samples were categorized into two reproductive stages pre-pubertal and post-pubertal. We performed a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to confirm the presence of Lin28 mRNA in the testicular tissues and a western blot analysis to verify the cross-reactivity of rabbit Lin28 antibody with horse testicular tissue. For immunohistochemistry, Lin28 (rabbit anti-human), GATA4 (goat anti-human) or DAZL (goat anti-human) antibodies were used. The results of RT-PCR confirmed the expression of Lin28 mRNA in the stallion testes. The western blot analysis showed that the expression of 28 kDa Lin28 protein was localized in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia at both reproductive stages. The numbers of Lin28-positive germ cells per 1000 Sertoli cells in pre- and post-pubertal stages were 253 ± 8.66 and 29.67 ± 2.18, respectively. At both reproductive stages, all Lin28 positive cells showed no co-stained with GATA4 antibody, whereas only some of the Lin28-positive germ cells showed co-staining with DAZL antibody. The results from whole-mount staining showed that the Lin28 expression was limited to Asingle (As) and Apaired (Apr) spermatogonia. In conclusion, Lin28 might be utilized as a molecular marker for undifferentiated spermatogonial stem cells when used with DAZL antibody.
A Novel and Major Quantitative Trait Locus for Fusarium Crown Rot Resistance in a Genotype of Wild Barley (Hordeum spontaneum L.)

Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a destructive disease of cereal crops in semiarid regions worldwide. As part of our contribution to the development of Fusarium resistant cultivars, we identified several novel sources of resistance by systematically assessing barley genotypes representing different geographical origins and plant types. One of these sources of resistance was investigated in this study by generating and analysing two populations of recombinant inbred lines. A major locus conferring FCR resistance, designated as Qcrs.cpi-4H, was detected in one of the populations (mapping population) and the effects of the QTL was confirmed in the other population. The QTL was mapped to the distal end of chromosome arm 4HL and it is effective against both of the Fusarium isolates tested, one F. pseudograminearum and the other F. graminearum. The QTL explains up to 45.3% of the phenotypic variance. As distinct from an earlier report which demonstrated co-locations of loci conferring FCR resistance and plant height in barley, a correlation between these two traits was not detected in the mapping population. However, as observed in a screen of random genotypes, an association between FCR resistance and plant growth rate was detected and a QTL controlling the latter was detected near the Qcrs.cpi-4H locus in the mapping population. Existing data indicate that, although growth rate may affect FCR resistance, different genes at this locus are likely involved in controlling these two traits.