Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent Changes in Protein Kinase C Distribution and Disappearance in Phorbol Ester-treated Human Osteosarcoma Cells 1

To test directly whether protein kinase C activation is one of the required events leading to stimulation of prostaglandin production by bone cells, protein kinase C activity and prostaglandin E2 release were measured in monolayer cultures of the donai human osteosarcoma cell lines G-292 and SaOS-2 after exposure to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Both cell lines have specific receptors for PMA but only G-292 cells respond with increased prostaglandin F,zproduction (M. A. Shupnik and A. H. Tashjian, Jr., J. Biol. Chem., 257:12161-12164,1982). The subcellular distribution of protein kinase C in both unstimulated osteo sarcoma cell lines was similar; in an EDTAand leupeptin-containing homogenization buffer, between 70 and 80% of the total enzyme activity was cytosolic. Short (<60 min) incubations with PMA induced marked decreases in cytosolic enzyme activity and parallel increases in particulate protein kinase ('; thereafter, total measured cellular protein kinase C activity declined, mediated by decreases in both cytosolic and particulate protein kinase C specific activities. By 24 h cytosolic, particulate, and total protein kinase C activities were less than 10% of basal. Because the protein kinase C responses in both cell types were essentially the same, but only G-292 cells give a prostaglandin response to PMA, we conclude that protein kinase C activation by PMA is itself insufficient to stimulate prostaglandin Kproduction and that the lack of a prostaglandin response in SaOS-2 cells cannot be explained by lack of protein kinase C activation.
Negative organizational dynamics as enabler of white-collar crime

Policing white-collar crime continues to be a critical issue for law enforcement all over the world. Organizational dynamics is an interesting perspective on white-collar crime. Organizational dynamics can cause a downward spiral, leading to misconduct and crime. During the downward spiral, the tendency to commit white-collar crime increases. It becomes more convenient to commit crime in comparison with alternative actions when crises or opportunities emerge. Convenience theory suggests that white-collar crime can be an attractive option for executives and others in the elite. In this article, negative organizational dynamics is explained by institutional theory, social disorganization theory, slippery slope theory, neutralization theory, and differential association theory.
The master transit time distribution of variable flow systems

The transit time of water is an important indicator of catchment functioning and affects many biological and geochemical processes. Water entering a catchment at one point in time is composed of water molecules that will spend different amounts of time in the catchment before exiting. The next water input pulse can exhibit a totally different distribution of transit times. The distribution of water transit times is thus best characterized by a time‐variable probability density function. It is often assumed, however, that the variability of the transit time distribution is negligible and that catchments can be characterized with a unique transit time distribution. In many cases this assumption is not valid because of variations in precipitation, evapotranspiration, and catchment water storage and associated (de)activation of dominant flow paths. This paper presents a general method to estimate the time‐variable transit time distribution of catchment waters. Application of the method using several years of rainfall‐runoff and stable water isotope data yields an ensemble of transit time distributions with different moments. The combined probability density function represents the master transit time distribution and characterizes the intra‐annual and interannual variability of catchment storage and flow paths. Comparing the derived master transit time distributions of two research catchments (one humid and one semiarid) reveals differences in dominant hydrologic processes and dynamic water storage behavior, with the semiarid catchment generally reacting slower to precipitation events and containing a lower fraction of preevent water in the immediate hydrologic response.
CONSORT-EHEALTH Checklist V1.6.2 Report

Skin self-examination education for early detection of melanoma: A randomized control trial of Internet, workbook and in-person interventions TITLE 1a-i) Identify the mode of delivery in the title "Internet intervention" 1a-ii) Non-web-based components or important co-interventions in title "in-person" "workbook" 1a-iii) Primary condition or target group in the title "Skin self-examination education for early detection of melanoma" ABSTRACT 1b-i) Key features/functionalities/components of the intervention and comparator in the METHODS section of the ABSTRACT "The three interventions used nine of the 26 behavioral change techniques defined by Abraham and Michie to promote planning of monthly SSE, encourage performing SSE and reinforce self-efficacy by praising correct responses to knowledge based decision making and offering helpful suggestions to improve performance [8]. In creating the Internet intervention, the educational content was taken directly from the scripted in-person (face-to-face) PowerPoint presentation delivered by a trained facilitator and workbook training arms of the study. " 1b-ii) Level of human involvement in the METHODS section of the ABSTRACT
Differentiation of water-related traits in terrestrial and epiphytic Cymbidium species

Epiphytes that grow in the canopies of tropical and subtropical forests experience different water regimes when compared with terrestrial plants. However, the differences in adaptive strategies between epiphytic and terrestrial plants with respect to plant water relations remain poorly understood. To understand how water-related traits contrast between epiphytic and terrestrial growth forms within the Cymbidium (Orchidaceae), we assessed leaf anatomy, hydraulics, and physiology of seven terrestrial and 13 epiphytic species using a common garden experiment. Compared with terrestrial species, epiphytic species had higher values for leaf mass per unit area (LMA), leaf thickness (LT), epidermal thickness, saturated water content (SWC) and the time required to dry saturated leaves to 70% relative water content (T70). However, vein density (Dvein), stomatal density (SD), and photosynthetic capacity (Amax) did not differ significantly between the two forms. T70 was positively correlated with LT, LMA, and SWC, and negatively correlated with stomatal index (SI). Amax showed positive correlations with SD and SI, but not with Dvein. Vein density was marginally correlated with SD, and significantly correlated with SI. Overall, epiphytic orchids exhibited substantial ecophysiological differentiations from terrestrial species, with the former type showing trait values indicative of greater drought tolerance and increased water storage capacity. The ability to retain water in the leaves plays a key role in maintaining a water balance in those epiphytes. Therefore, the process of transpiration depends less upon the current substrate water supply and enables epiphytic Cymbidium species to adapt more easily to canopy habitats.
A Novel Image Denoising Method Using Independent Component Analysis and Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform

This paper presents a novel adaptive method of image denoising based on the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT) and independent component analysis (ICA). This method extracts the high-frequency component of the image with the DT-CWT, then combining with the principle of ICA virtual observed noise channel denoise. It does not need a lot of observed image samples, and it is unnecessary to know the detail of the observed image signal type in advance. A single observed image could be denoised by this method adaptively. Moreover, it overcomes the deficiency in wavelet threshold denoising, that is the selective and the quantitive of threshold. The experimental results show that this algorithm denoises the image effectively, improving the SNR(signal noise ratio)&PSNR(peak signal nose ratio) largely and retaining the original image information better.
The Effect of a Nature-friendly Integration Program on Self-esteem and Depression of the Elderly in Nursing Home Residents

The life expectancy of human beings has been extended, and the transition from aging to aging is accelerating. This rapid increase in aging has made health problems of the elderly more important. The health problems of elderly people are burdened with social and economic burden. Along with the physical change of the elderly, the psychological stability and mental health measures of the elderly should be emphasized and adequate and sustainable social support for the elderly should be provided. A healthy lifestyle is an important factor that had been better in the elderly with a lively social relations determine these social links are physical activity, the ability of the elderly. Elderly people living in the facility tend to be depressed or self-esteemed by mental anxiety due to the transfer from the family to the facility. Therefore, we need a program to improve the self esteem and depression of the elderly. If a non-single, self-integration program is provided to the elderly, the integration program consisting of nature-friendly contents will be familiar to the elderly and participation will increase. The program with the play is effective because it can give pleasure and laughter, and the nature-friendly integration program is applied. A natural-friendly integration program is an integration program of integrated forest healing, horticultural therapy, and play, based on an earlier paper on the effects of forest healing and plant-mediated horticultural therapy, Respectively.
The health of older arrestees in police cells.

BACKGROUND detention in the harsh conditions of police cells can be a traumatic experience, even for young healthy individuals. It is thus legitimate to question the detention of elderly people. OBJECTIVE we aimed to determine the proportion of detainees over age 60, their medical characteristics and history. METHODS we studied all arrestees over age 60 examined in 1 year (1st January-31 December 2012) by physicians from our Department of Forensic Medicine in the Paris, France area. Our analysis included the arrestees' perceived health status and their opinion on custody. RESULTS individuals over 60 accounted for 211 of 13,317 detainees (2%) and were predominantly males (177 of 211, 84%). The most frequent suspected crimes included physical assaults (135 of 345, 40%) and drunk driving (50 of 345, 14%). A total of 111 of 211 individuals (53%) reported somatic disorders. A history of psychiatric disorders was reported by 23 of 181 individuals (13%). Arrestees considered their overall health as good in 60% of cases (111 of 184). They had a good opinion on custody in 45% of cases (120 of 270). A proportion of 40% (84 of 211) were examined several times during custody and 10% were declared unfit for custody (34 of 347). CONCLUSIONS elderly detainees commonly have chronic health disorders; only a minority of them are unconditionally fit for detention. The continuation of detention, which affects 90% of arrestees, should imply that detention conditions are adjusted so that the specific needs of elderly individuals are taken into account.
Improved Local Search for Binary Matrix Factorization

Rank K Binary Matrix Factorization (BMF) approximates a binary matrix by the product of two binary matrices of lower rank, K, using either L1 or L2 norm. In this paper, we first show that the BMF with L2 norm can be reformulated as an Unconstrained Binary Quadratic Programming (UBQP) problem. We then review several local search strategies that can be used to improve the BMF solutions obtained by previously proposed methods, before introducing a new local search dedicated to the BMF problem. We show in particular that the proposed solution is in general faster than the previously proposed ones. We then assess its behavior on several collections and methods and show that it significantly improves methods targeting the L2 norms on all the datasets considered; for the L1 norm, the improvement is also significant for real, structured datasets and for the BMF problem without the binary reconstruction constraint.
3-dimensional hydrodynamic interaction of a supernova remnant shock with an isolated cloud

We report on a computational key-project in astrophysics. The project is aimed at studying the interaction of a supernova shock wave with interstellar clouds. We describe the numerical code used, namely FLASH, a multi-dimensional astrophysical hydrodynamics code for parallel computers developed at the FLASH center (The University of Chicago); our team collaborates with, and contributes to, the FLASH project. We discuss the resources required for the whole project, the I/O management, the performance and the scalability of the code on IBM/Sp4 at CINECA. Finally, we present a selection of results.
Efficient rendering of spatial bi-directional reflectance distribution functions

We propose texture maps that contain at each texel all the parameters of a Lafortune representation BRDF as a compact, but quite general surface appearance representation. We describe a method for rendering such surfaces rapidly on current graphics hardware and demonstrate the method with real, measured surfaces and hand-painted surfaces.We also propose a method of rendering such spatial bi-directional reflectance distribution functions using prefiltered environment maps. Only one set of maps is required for rendering the different BRDFs stored at each texel over the surface.
A Simple but Useful Approach to Conjunct Identification

This paper presents an approach to identifying conjuncts of coordinate conjunctions appearing in text which has been labelled with syntactic and semantic tags. The overall project of which this research is a part is also briefly discussed. The program was tested on a 10,000 word chapter of the Merck Veterinary Manual. The algorithm is deterministic and domain independent and it performs relatively well on a large real-life domain. Constructs not handled by the simple algorithm are also described in some detail.
Short-Term Moderately Elevated Intraocular Pressure Is Associated With Elevated Scotopic Electroretinogram Responses

Purpose Moderately elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma. Some patients suffer glaucoma despite clinically measured normal IOPs. Fluctuations in IOP may have a significant role since IOPs are higher during sleep and inversion activities. Controlled transient elevations of IOPs in rats over time lead to optic nerve structural changes that are similar to the early changes observed in constant chronic models of glaucoma. Because early intervention decreases glaucoma progression, this study was done to determine if early physiological changes to the retina could be detected with noninvasive electrophysiological and optical imaging tests during moderately elevated IOP. Methods Intraocular pressures were raised to moderately high levels (35 mm Hg) in one eye of Sprague-Dawley rats while the other (control) eye was untreated. One group of rats underwent scotopic threshold response (STR) and electroretinogram (ERG) testing, while another 3 groups underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, Western blot, or histologic evaluation. Results The amplitudes of the STR and ERG responses in eyes with moderately elevated IOPs were enhanced compared to the values before IOP elevation, and compared to untreated contralateral eyes. Structural changes to the optic nerve also occurred during IOP elevation. Conclusions Although ischemic IOP elevations are well-known to globally reduce components of the scotopic ERG, acute elevation in rats to levels often observed in untreated glaucoma patients caused an increase in these parameters. Further exploration of these phenomena may be helpful in better understanding the mechanisms mediating early retinal changes during fluctuating or chronically elevated IOP.
Active Learning and Intrinsically Motivated Exploration in Robots : Advances and Challenges

L EARNING techniques are increasingly being used in today’s complex robotic systems. Robots are expected to deal with a large variety of tasks using their high-dimensional and complex bodies, to manipulate objects and also, to interact with humans in an intuitive and friendly way. In this new setting, not all relevant information is available at design time, and robots should typically be able to learn, through self-experimentation or through human–robot interaction, how to tune their innate perceptual-motor skills or to learn, cumulatively, novel skills that were not preprogrammed initially. In a word, robots need to have the capacity to develop in an open-ended manner and in an open-ended environment, in a way that is analogous to human development which combines genetic and epigenetic factors. This challenge is at the center of the developmental robotics field [7], [35]–[37]. Among the various technical challenges that are raised by these issues, exploration is paramount. Self-experimentation and learning by interacting with the physical and social world is essential to acquire new knowledge and skills. Exploration in physical robotic agents poses challenging problems due to the high-dimensional and complex dynamics of the body–environment system (especially when other agents are part of the environment), and to the open-ended nature of the sensory-motor spaces of real environments. Typically, in those spaces, the lack of adequate constraints in exploration strategies can result in at best very slow learning, and most often in no consistent learning that can even be dangerous or destructive. This special issue1 provides a discussion forum and presents novel contributions on intentional exploration, i.e., internal mechanisms and constraints that explicitly foster organized exploration. Of central interest are mechanisms that push agents to select actions that allow them to gain maximal knowledge or maximal control/competence over their bodies and environments. To this, end different fields suggested different approaches, ranging from operational heuristics that indirectly target maximal information gain, to theoretically
Perception of congruent facial and kinesthetic expressions of emotions

The use of virtual avatars, through facial or gestural expressions, is considered to be a main support for affective communication. Currently, different works have studied the potential of a kinesthetic channel for conveying such information. However, they still have not investigated the complementarity between visual and kinesthetic feedback to effectively convey emotion. This paper studies the relation between some emotional dimensions and the visual and kinesthetic modalities. The experimental results show that subjects used visual and kinesthetic feedbacks to evaluate the pleasure and the arousal dimensions, respectively. We also observed a link between the recognition rate of emotions expressed with the visual modality (resp. kinesthetic modality) and the magnitude of that emotion's pleasure dimension (resp. arousal dimension). These different results should help in the selection of feedbacks according to the features of the investigated emotion.
reversible excursions along multiple pathways Accommodation of aminoacyl-tRNA into the ribosome involves Material Supplemental

The ribosome is a massive ribonucleoprotein complex (;2.4 MDa) that utilizes large-scale structural fluctuations to produce unidirectional protein synthesis. Accommodation is a key conformational change during transfer RNA (tRNA) selection that allows movement of tRNA into the ribosome. Here, we address the structure–function relationship that governs accommodation using all-atom molecular simulations and single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET). Simulations that employ an all-atom, structure-based (G o-like) model illuminate the interplay between configurational entropy and effective enthalpy during the accommodation process. This delicate balance leads to spontaneous reversible accommodation attempts, which are corroborated by smFRET measurements. The dynamics about the endpoints of accommodation (the A/T and A/A conformations) obtained from structure-based simulations are validated by multiple 100–200 ns explicit-solvent simulations (3.2 million atoms for a cumulative 1.4 ms), and previous crystallographic analysis. We find that the configurational entropy of the 39-CCA end of aminoacyl-tRNA resists accommodation, leading to a multistep accommodation process that encompasses a distribution of parallel pathways. The calculated mechanism is robust across simulation methods and protocols, suggesting that the structure of the accommodation corridor imposes stringent limitations on the accessible pathways. The identified mechanism and observed parallel pathways establish an atomistic framework for interpreting a large body of biochemical data and demonstrate that conformational changes during translation occur through a stochastic trial-and-error process, rather than in concerted lock-step motions.
BEAMJIT: a just-in-time compiling runtime for Erlang

BEAMJIT is a tracing just-in-time compiling runtime for the Erlang programming language. The core parts of BEAMJIT are synthesized from the C source code of BEAM, the reference Erlang abstract machine. The source code for BEAM's instructions is extracted automatically from BEAM's emulator loop. A tracing version of the abstract machine, as well as a code generator are synthesized. BEAMJIT uses the LLVM toolkit for optimization and native code emission. The automatic synthesis process greatly reduces the amount of manual work required to maintain a just-in-time compiler as it automatically tracks the BEAM system. The performance is evaluated with HiPE's, the Erlang ahead-of-time native compiler, benchmark suite. For most benchmarks BEAMJIT delivers a performance improvement compared to BEAM, although in some cases, with known causes, it fails to deliver a performance boost. BEAMJIT does not yet match the performance of HiPE mainly because it does not yet implement Erlang specific optimizations such as boxing/unboxing elimination and a deep understanding of BIFs. Despite this BEAMJIT, for some benchmarks, reduces the runtime with up to 40%.
Selflessness as a universal neuropsychological foundation of spiritual transcendence: validation with Christian, Hindu, and Muslim traditions

ABSTRACT Research with US and European Christians has shown that increased spiritual transcendence is related to decreased right hemisphere/right parietal lobe (RH/RPL) functioning, which has been inferred as relating to increased “selflessness”. To determine if RH/RPL selflessness is a universal neuropsychological foundation for spiritual transcendence across cultures and religions, this study evaluated 109 individuals with traumatic brain injury from the US and India, including Christians, Hindus, and Muslims. Participants completed measures of spiritual transcendence and spatial perception as an index of the functional integrity of the RH/RPL. Spearman correlations indicated that decreased RH/RPL functioning is significantly associated with increased spiritual transcendence for the entire sample, but not for different cultures or religions, likely due to decreased statistical power. The results suggest that decreased RH/RPL-related selflessness is a universal neuropsychological foundation for spiritual transcendence across cultures and faith traditions, which is interpreted individually based on cultural and religious background (e.g., closeness to God, Allah, and Brahman).