Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
c‐erbB‐2 oncoprotein expression in mammary and extramammary Paget's disease: an immunohistochemical study

Over‐expression of the c‐erbB‐2 oncogene occurs in a proportion of human adenocarcinomas and in breast carcinoma is associated with poorer prognosis. Sections of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tumour tissue from 22 patients with mammary and extramammary Paget's disease have been stained immunohistochemically using a monoclonal antibody (NCL‐CB11) raised against a synthetic peptide from the C‐terminal end of the predicted equence of the c‐erbB‐2 protein product. All 12 cases of mammary Paget's disease showed membrane staining of intra‐epidermal cells, indicating c‐erbB‐2 over‐expression. Sections of underlying ductal breast carcinoma were available in nine cases; all nine tumours were c‐erbB‐2 positive and in eight the in situ component was of comedo or solid type. There was membrane staining of tumour cells in four of the 10 cases of extramammary Paget's disease; staining intensity was generally weaker than that observed in the cases of mammary disease. The possible implications of these findings for the histogenesis of both mammary and extramammary Paget's disease are discussed.
Expression of Sindbis virus structural proteins via recombinant vaccinia virus: synthesis, processing, and incorporation into mature Sindbis virions

We have obtained a vaccinia virus recombinant which contains a complete cDNA copy of the 26S RNA of Sindbis virus within the thymidine kinase gene of the vaccinia virus genome. This recombinant constitutively transcribed the Sindbis sequences throughout the infectious cycle, reflecting the dual early-late vaccinia promoter used in this construction. The Sindbis-derived transcripts were translationally active, giving rise to both precursor and mature structural proteins of Sindbis virus, including the capsid protein (C), the precursor of glycoprotein E2 (PE2), and the two mature envelope glycoproteins (E1 and E2). These are the same products translated from the 26S mRNA during Sindbis infection, and thus these proteins were apparently cleaved, glycosylated, and transported in a manner analogous to that seen during authentic Sindbis infections. By using epitope-specific antibodies, it was possible to demonstrate that recombinant-derived proteins were incorporated into Sindbis virions during coinfections with monoclonal antibody-resistant Sindbis variants. These results suggest that all the information necessary to specify the proper biogenesis of Sindbis virus structural proteins resides within the 26S sequences and that vaccinia may provide an appropriate system for using DNA molecular genetic manipulations to unravel a variety of questions pertinent to RNA virus replication.
TileProbe: modeling tiling array probe effects using publicly available data

Motivation: Individual probes on an Affymetrix tiling array usually behave differently. Modeling and removing these probe effects are critical for detecting signals from the array data. Current data processing techniques either require control samples or use probe sequences to model probe-specific variability, such as with MAT. Although the MAT approach can be applied without control samples, residual probe effects continue to distort the true biological signals. Results: We propose TileProbe, a new technique that builds upon the MAT algorithm by incorporating publicly available data sets to remove tiling array probe effects. By using a large number of these readily available arrays, TileProbe robustly models the residual probe effects that MAT model cannot explain. When applied to analyzing ChIP-chip data, TileProbe performs consistently better than MAT across a variety of analytical conditions. This shows that TileProbe resolves the issue of probe-specific effects more completely. Availability: http://www.biostat. jhsph.edu/∼hji/cisgenome/index_files/tileprobe.htm Contact: hji@jhsph.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collaboration in School Settings: A Critical Appraisal of the Topic

Abstract With the 2004 reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act and No Child Left Behind, there has been an increasing emphasis on occupational therapy services that are provided across naturally occurring contexts and routines within the school settings. School-based occupational therapists are interested in maximizing students' achievement and want to know which models of therapeutic intervention are most effective for facilitating students' successful participation within their least restrictive environment. Thus, this critical appraisal of the topic (CAT) sought to answer the following question: For occupational therapists working in school system settings, is there evidence supporting the efficacy of a classroom-based collaborative approach versus a pull-out model of therapeutic intervention for facilitating students' participation in schools? After reviewing 10 articles (Level II-IV evidence), it appears that a collaborative approach to service delivery may be a.
Psychometric Evaluation of Three Psychosocial Measures Associated With Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a Perceived Benefits Scale, a Perceived Barriers Scale, and a Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale with data from a group randomized controlled trial (RCT) and a test–retest study with 1-week interval. In the group RCT at baseline and Week 17, 1,012 fifth- to eighth-grade girls completed an iPad-delivered survey and wore 7-day accelerometers measuring moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). In the test–retest study, 91 fifth- to seventh-grade girls completed the iPad-delivered survey at Times 1 and 2. Benefits, barriers, and enjoyment scales had Cronbach’s αs of . 75, . 86, and . 78 and test–retest reliability of . 83, . 88, and . 79, respectively. Benefits Scale had a two-factor structure (physical and psychosocial benefits), while the remaining two had a one-factor structure indicating construct validity. Barriers (r = −.16) and enjoyment (r = .17) were correlated with MVPA indicating concurrent validity. Baseline MVPA and psychosocial benefits positively, while physical benefits negatively, predicted MVPA at Week 17 indicating predictive validity. The measures demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties.
APRIL but not BLyS serum levels are increased in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: prognostic relevance of APRIL for survival

APRIL (a proliferation-inducing ligand) and BLyS (B lymphocyte stimulator) expression have been reported in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. We examined APRIL and BLyS serum levels in CLL patients and evaluated the prognostic significance of APRIL expression on survival.
Divergent Effects of p47phox Phosphorylation at S303-4 or S379 on Tumor Necrosis Factor-&agr; Signaling via TRAF4 and MAPK in Endothelial Cells

Objectives—To define the mechanism of p47phox phosphorylation in regulating endothelial cell response to tumor necrosis factor-&agr; (TNF&agr;) stimulation. Methods and Results—We replaced 11 serines (303-4, 310, 315, 320, 328, 345, 348, 359, 370, and 379) with alanines and investigated their effects on TNF&agr; (100 U/mL, 30 minutes)–induced acute O2. − production and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation in endothelial cells. Seven constructs, S303-4A (double), S310A, S315A, S328A, S345A, S370A, and S379A, significantly reduced the O2. − production, and 4 of them (S328A, S345A, S370A, and S379A) also inhibited TNF&agr;-induced extracellular-signal–regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation. Blocking the phosphorylation of S303-4 and S379 inhibited most effectively TNF&agr;-induced O2. − production. However, phosphorylation of S303-4 was not required for TNF&agr;-induced p47phox membrane translocation and binding to TNF receptor–associated factor 4, ERK1/2 activation, and subsequent vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. Knockout of p47phox or knockdown of TNF receptor–associated factor 4 using siRNA abolished TNF&agr;-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and inhibition of ERK1/2 activation significantly reduced the TNF&agr;-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. Conclusion—Phosphorylation of p47phox at different serine sites plays distinct roles in endothelial cell response to TNF&agr; stimulation. Double serine (S303-4) phosphorylation is crucial for acute O2. − production, but is not involved in TNF&agr; signaling through TNF receptor–associated factor 4 and ERK1/2. p47phox requires serine phosphorylation at distinct sites to support specific signaling events in response to TNF&agr;.
Intermittent Force in Orthodontic Tooth Movement

A single orthodontic activation lasting one hour can initiate tooth movement. The purpose of this study is to examine tooth movement, osteoclasts, and root resorption in rats following several one-hour activations. Rats (n = 144) were randomly assigned to intermittent (multiple activations of 1 hr/day), continuous, and sham appliances. Twelve rats were killed at 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. Tooth movement, osteoclasts, osteoclast %, and root resorption % were quantified. Continuous force moved molars mesially at days 3 and 14 (p < 0.05), but intermittent and sham did not. Intermittent and continuous force increased osteoclast numbers at days 3, 5, and 7 (p < 0.05). Continuous force increased osteoclast surface on days 3 and 14 (p < 0.05). Continuous force increased root resorption at days 5, 7, and 14 (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that orthodontic force for one hour in 24 stimulates osteoclasts at compression sites but does not stimulate tooth movement or root resorption.
Do Business Ethics Pay Off

The ability to attract highly qualified employees constitutes a significant competitive advantage, and is ultimately linked to an organization’s economic success. Creating and maintaining organizational attractiveness is therefore crucial to organizations. While previous research has demonstrated that an organization’s ethical conduct (e.g., corporate social responsibility) enhances its attractiveness for potential employees, there is no empirical evidence on whether the ethical behavior of an organization’s leaders can also affect organizational attractiveness. Using both experimental and correlational data we investigate the influence of leader ethical behavior on organizational attractiveness and examine the underlying mechanisms behind this relationship. In line with our hypotheses, ethical leader behavior leads to significantly higher ethical leadership ratings and to significantly higher ratings of organizational attractiveness. Furthermore, higher ethical leadership ratings were associated with str.
ATF3 Increases the Intrinsic Growth State of DRG Neurons to Enhance Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

Peripheral axons of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, but not their central axons in the dorsal columns, regenerate after injury. However, if the neurons are conditioned by a peripheral nerve injury into an actively growing state, the rate of peripheral axonal growth is accelerated and the injured central axons begin to regenerate. The growth-promoting effects of conditioning injuries have two components, increased axonal growth and a reduced response to inhibitory myelin cues. We have examined which transcription factors activated by peripheral axonal injury may mediate the conditioning effect by regulating expression of effectors that increase the intrinsic growth state of the neurons. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a prime candidate because it is induced in all injured DRG neurons after peripheral, but not central, axonal damage. To investigate if ATF3 promotes regeneration, we generated transgenic mice that constitutively express this transcription factor in non-injured adult DRG neurons. The rate of peripheral nerve regeneration was enhanced in the transgenic mice to an extent comparable to that produced by a preconditioning nerve injury. The expression of some growth-associated genes, such as SPRR1A, but not others like GAP-43, was increased in the non-injured neurons. ATF3 increased DRG neurite elongation when cultured on permissive substrates but did not overcome the inhibitory effects of myelin or promote central axonal regeneration in the spinal cord in vivo. We conclude that ATF3 contributes to nerve regeneration by increasing the intrinsic growth state of injured neurons.
Organized Leisure Experiences of LBGTQ Youth

Abstract This study examined the organized leisure experiences of young people who identify as lesbian, bisexual, gay, transgender, and queer (LBGTQ). Data were gathered through interviews, participant observation, and review of program documents at an organized leisure program for LBGTQ youth. Findings illustrate that participants experienced oppression due to their sexual identities, which manifested as both a lack of educational resources and social isolation. Two lines of resistance emerged as significant—individual acts (e.g., sharing stories of being a marginalized person) and organizational acts such as leisure-based activities. The importance of attending to the complexity of resistance in leisure research and practice is discussed.
Vulcloud: Scalable and Hybrid Vulnerability Detection in Cloud Computing

Vulnerability exploits will result in security breaches or violations of the system's security policy causing information leakage or economic losses. Although many detection methods such as static analysis, dynamic analysis and fuzz testing have been presented, the vulnerabilities are still difficult to detect. In this paper, we propose a new detection cloud service Vulcloud, which is scalable and hybrid combining the static, dynamic and fuzzing into cloud computing. Vulcloud first statically analyzes the objects and reports the potential vulnerable items. And then, the fuzzing cases for the items are semi-automated created, and tested under the dynamic monitoring. Finally, the source code of the results are statically analyzed again to determine whether they are vulnerabilities or not. The prototype of Vulcloud is implemented, and the performance is evaluated by Mplayer source code. The experiment results show that Vulcloud can detect vulnerabilities in software, and the challenges of storage and processing capabilities are resolved by cloud computing.
Dimensionality Reduction for Tracking

We have been applying dimensionality reduction techniques to a variety of tracking problems. We have experimented with tracking the articulated pose of humans from video imagery, the trajectory of RFID tags from signal strength measurements, the trajectory of acoustic beacons in sensor networks, and the location of wireless device from 802.11 signal measurements. In each case, an analytic relationship between pose and measurements is either unknown or difficult to determine, so we have relied on generic dimensionality reduction or system identification algorithms. We would like to share some of the valuable lessons we have learned from these experiments, and explain how these applications have guided our development and evaluation of various dimensionality reduction algorithms. We convey the importance of taking advantage of tracking-specific prior information, of avoiding local minima, and of qualitatively evaluating the output of these algorithms, and explain why “manifold learning” is a red herring in the context of tracking.
Formulating an E-commerce Strategy

The drivers for electronic commerce are both technological (under the tremendous pressure of innovation) and business oriented. This paper will highlight some guidelines for companies who are entering into E-commerce to create an E-commerce strategy or who already have an E-commerce presence to revise their existing strategy. E-Commerce is now seen as a reality for many businesses and a normal part of a business plan. The immediate benefits, in terms of cost savings, efficiencies and enhanced profitability are clear at every stage in the supply chain. Adopting ebusiness is no longer a competitive advantage, but a normal business process, without which an enterprise is unlikely to survive in the New economy [1]. Year 2000 saw many Dot-com companies built up and many companies going into E-commerce however now it is a different story, more and more companies are failing, and investors are becoming cautious to invest money into Internet ventures. There is more cash needed then was expected. Some of them had to get on the bandwagon as everybody else were and didn’t want to be left behind, and now that the bubble has burst they are facing the consequences. This paper will aim to help companies to realize what they need to follow to have a successful business if they plan well and have a good strategy. This paper also identifies that implementing an E-commerce strategy is neither straightforward nor cheap, for example it comprises a complete rethink of traditional modes of behavior, the need and importance to involve internal staff and external suppliers and customers right from the conceptual stage, need to re-evaluate company’s core competences, and requires substantial investment in IT. Executives of successful E-commerce companies need to be strategic thinkers focusing on customers, markets, and competitive positioning, as well as on internal operations. Determination of a suitable E-commerce strategy begins with identification of the opportunities and risks. The task of tracking the changing environments, understanding customer groups, requires formulating strategies and planning their implementation. The paper follows a structure of exploring ideas of having an online presence, going onto defining the business aims, looking at the feasibility of the project, where the industry environment and competitor analysis will be looked at moving on to the planning and design phase, and finally implementing and assessment which needs to be done continually as an iterative process to learn from mistakes, improve and further meet new aims. Throughout the various stages set of questions have been included that needs to be asked and answered by the organization.
An Adaptive Spherical Collision Detection and Resolution Method for Deformable Object Simulation

Collision detection and resolution are of great importance to physically based animation. Real time responses are essential for many applications, which largely rely on the efficiency of localising the potentially colliding geometry and calculating the polygon intersections. It is an extremely heavy computation task using the existing polygon based methods, especially for deformable objects. To improve this issue, we present an implicit circumsphere based collision detection and resolution method for deformable objects which takes into consideration both local geometry features and the material properties. Our method approximates the mesh in question with an implicit circumsphere surface, which is used to perform finest level collision detection and resolution instead of the original polygonal mesh. The dynamic deformation as a result of collision is determined by both the geometry and the material properties of the surface. Due to the simplicity of sphere overlap test, our method is not only computationally efficient, but also stable and comparatively accurate, outperforming the existing methods in overall performance. Our implicit circumsphere method can also provide better prevention to collision tunnelling than existing methods. Besides, this method is compatible with all existing broad phase and narrow phase collision query techniques.
The permeability of the endplate channel to organic cations in frog muscle

The relative permeability of endplate channels to many organic cations was determined by reversal-potential criteria. Endplate currents induced by iontophoretic "puffs" of acetylcholine were studied by a Vaseline gap, voltage clamp method in cut muscle fibers. Reversal potential changes were measured as the NaCl of the bathing medium was replaced by salts of organic cations, and permeability ratios relative to Na+ ions were calculated from the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. 40 small monovalent organic cations had permeability ratios larger than 0.1. The most permeant including NH4+, hydroxylamine, hydrazine, methylamine, guanidine, and several relatives of guanidine had permeability ratios in the range 1.3--2.0. However, even cations such as imidazole, choline, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, triethylamine, and glycine methylester were appreciably permeant with permeability ratios of 0.13--0.95. Four compounds with two charged nitrogen groups were also permeant. Molecular models of the permeant ions suggest that the smallest cross-section of the open pore must be at least as large as a square, 6.5 A x 6.5 A. Specific chemical factors seem to be less important than access or friction in determining the ionic selectivity of the endplate channel.
Prognostic Role of Phospho-STAT3 in Patients with Cancers of the Digestive System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective The definite prognostic role of p-STAT3 has not been well defined. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating the prognostic role of p-STAT3 expression in patients with digestive system cancers. Methods We searched the available articles reporting the prognostic value of p-STAT3 in patients with cancers of the digestive system, mainly including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophagus cancer and pancreatic cancer. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were used to assess the prognostic role of p-STAT3 expression level in cancer tissues. And the association between p-STAT3 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was evaluated. Results A total of 22 studies with 3585 patients were finally enrolled in the meta-analysis. The results showed that elevated p-STAT3 expression level predicted inferior OS (HR=1.809, 95% CI: 1.442-2.270, P<0.001) and DFS (HR=1.481, 95% CI: 1.028-2.133, P= 0.035) in patients with malignant cancers of the digestive system. Increased expression of p-STAT3 is significantly related with tumor cell differentiation (Odds ratio (OR) =1.895, 95% CI: 1.364-2.632, P<0.001) and lymph node metastases (OR=2.108, 95% CI: 1.104-4.024, P=0.024). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the pooled HR was stable and omitting a single study did not change the significance of the pooled HR. Funnel plots and Egger’s tests revealed there was no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis. Conclusion Phospho-STAT3 might be a prognostic factor of patients with digestive system cancers. More well designed studies with adequate follow-up are needed to gain a thorough understanding of the prognostic role of p-STAT3.