Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Threshold Phenomenon for Random Independent Sets in the Discrete Hypercube

Let I be an independent set drawn from the discrete d-dimensional hypercube Qd = {0, 1}d according to the hard-core distribution with parameter λ > 0 (that is, the distribution in which each independent set I is chosen with probability proportional to λ|I|). We show a sharp transition around λ = 1 in the appearance of I: for λ > 1, min{|I ∩ Ɛ|, |I ∩ |} = 0 asymptotically almost surely, where Ɛ and are the bipartition classes of Qd, whereas for λ < 1, min{|I ∩ Ɛ|, |I ∩ |} is asymptotically almost surely exponential in d. The transition occurs in an interval whose length is of order 1/d. A key step in the proof is an estimation of Zλ(Qd), the sum over independent sets in Qd with each set I given weight λ|I| (a.k.a. the hard-core partition function). We obtain the asymptotics of Zλ(Qd) for $\gl>\sqrt{2}-1$, and nearly matching upper and lower bounds for $\gl \leq \sqrt{2}-1$, extending work of Korshunov and Sapozhenko. These bounds allow us to read off some very specific information about the structure of an independent set drawn according to the hard-core distribution. We also derive a long-range influence result. For all fixed λ > 0, if I is chosen from the independent sets of Qd according to the hard-core distribution with parameter λ, conditioned on a particular v ∈ Ɛ being in I, then the probability that another vertex w is in I is o(1) for w ∈ but Ω(1) for w ∈ Ɛ.
A Real-Time Electrically Controlled Active Matching Circuit Utilizing Genetic Algorithms for Wireless Power Transfer to Biomedical Implants

This paper discusses the feasibility of a real-time active matching circuit (MC) for wireless power transfer applications, especially for biomedical systems. One prototype of low-cost real-time automatic MC, utilizing a variable circuit topology, including discrete passives and p-i-n diodes, has been implemented and the principle has been verified by measurements. One genetic algorithm was introduced to optimize the design over a wide range of impedances to match. As a result of preliminary operation verification tests, the proposed real-time MC system results in improving the transfer coefficient in the range of 10-16-cm coil separation distance a maximum of 3.2 dB automatically in about 64 ms. Similar performance improvement results were observed in additional tests under misaligned conditions, as well as for nonsymmetrical Tx-Rx coil configurations further verifying the potential applicability of the proposed system to practical biomedical devices.
Human protein interaction networks across tissues and diseases

Protein interaction networks are an important framework for studying protein function, cellular processes, and genotype-to-phenotype relationships. While our view of the human interaction network is constantly expanding, less is known about networks that form in biologically important contexts such as within distinct tissues or in disease conditions. Here we review efforts to characterize these networks and to harness them to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying human disease.
Bmc Microbiology Specific and Sensitive Detection of the Conifer Pathogen Gremmeniella Abietina by Nested Pcr

Background: Gremmeniella abietina (Lagerb.) Morelet is an ascomycete fungus that causes stem canker and shoot dieback in many conifer species. The fungus is widespread and causes severe damage to forest plantations in Europe, North America and Asia. To facilitate early diagnosis and improve measures to control the spread of the disease, rapid, specific and sensitive detection methods for G. abietina in conifer hosts are needed.
Gender, Education, and Physical Health among Adults in Central Mexico

In this paper, we apply an intersectional perspective and test whether resource substitution, which predicts that education will be more strongly related to the health of women than men, is operating among adults included in the 2014 Study of Health and Migration in Mexico (SHMM). Findings revealed modest and somewhat contradictory evidence regarding the potential role of resource substitution. For Mexican women, rates of elevated waist circumference are very high regardless of education level, but for hypertension, there is a strong, negative association with education even after adjustment for controls. Different patterns emerge for Mexican men as regression models show that the probability of both elevated waist circumference and hypertension is higher among the more educated. Overall, results suggest that education is only health protective for women’s risk of hypertension. In sum, this work highlights gender specificity in the relationship between education and health in Mexico, and that this relationship varies by health outcome.
A Mechanobiology-based Algorithm to Optimize the Microstructure Geometry of Bone Tissue Scaffolds

Complexity of scaffold geometries and biological mechanisms involved in the bone generation process make the design of scaffolds a quite challenging task. The most common approaches utilized in bone tissue engineering require costly protocols and time-consuming experiments. In this study we present an algorithm that, combining parametric finite element models of scaffolds with numerical optimization methods and a computational mechano-regulation model, is able to predict the optimal scaffold microstructure. The scaffold geometrical parameters are perturbed until the best geometry that allows the largest amounts of bone to be generated, is reached. We study the effects of the following factors: (1) the shape of the pores; (2) their spatial distribution; (3) the number of pores per unit area. The optimal dimensions of the pores have been determined for different values of scaffold Young's modulus and compression loading acting on the scaffold upper surface. Pores with rectangular section were predicted to lead to the formation of larger amounts of bone compared to square section pores; similarly, elliptic pores were predicted to allow the generation of greater amounts of bone compared to circular pores. The number of pores per unit area appears to have rather negligible effects on the bone regeneration process. Finally, the algorithm predicts that for increasing loads, increasing values of the scaffold Young's modulus are preferable. The results shown in the article represent a proof-of-principle demonstration of the possibility to optimize the scaffold microstructure geometry based on mechanobiological criteria.
Structure based virtual screening of ligands to identify cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 antagonist

Montelukast and Zafirlukast are known leukotriene receptor antagonists prescribed in asthma treatment. However, these fall short as mono therapy and are frequently used in combination with inhaled glucocorticosteroids with or without long acting beta 2 agonists. Therefore, it is of interest to apply ligand and structure based virtual screening strategies to identify compounds akin to lead compounds Montelukast and Zafirlukast. Hence, compounds with structures having 95% similarity to these compounds were retrieved from NCBI׳s PubChem database. Compounds similar to lead were grouped and docked at the antagonist binding site of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. This exercise identified compounds UNII 70RV86E50Q (Pub Cid 71587778) and Sure CN 9587085 (Pub Cid 19793614) with higher predicted binding compared to Montelukast and Zafirlukast. It is shown that the compound Sure CN 9587085 showed appreciable ligand receptor interaction compared to UNII 70RV86E50Q. Thus, the compound Sure CN 9587085 is selected as a potent antagonist to cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 for further consideration in vitro and in vivo validation.
MR spectroscopy in patients after surgical clipping and endovascular embolisation of intracranial aneurysms

Summary Background: In MR spectroscopy, we evaluated cerebral metabolic changes in patients 2–4 years after clipping or endovascular therapy of intracranial aneurysms. Material/Metodhs: A prospective study was conducted in 36 patients after SAH, treated surgically (n=23) or by endovascular embolisation (n=13). Control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The clinical evaluation was based on the Glasgow Coma Scale, Hunt and Hess grade, and Glasgow Outcome Scale. MR spectroscopy was performed with 1.5T system with PRESS sequence, at echo time of 35 ms, in frontal lobes unchanged in MR examination. Ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI) and glutamine/glutamate complex (Glx) to creatine were assessed. Results: Only a slight, statistically insignificant reduction of NAA/Cr and an insignificant increase of mI/Cr were noted; other metabolite ratios were close to the ones in the control group. Similar results were obtained in patients after surgical clipping and after endovascular therapy. Only in patients with aneurysms of anterior communicating artery complex (AcoA), the NAA/Cr ratio showed a significant reduction as compared to that of non-AcoA patients and of the control group. No significant changes of metabolite ratios were found in patients with internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms, with regard to aneurysm lateralisation. Conclusions: Surgical clipping and endovascular embolisation of ICA, MCA and posterior circulatory aneurysms do not induce changes in metabolite concentration in frontal lobes assessed in MR spectroscopy. In patients with AcoA aneurysms, 2–4 years after obliteration, there were found persistent metabolic changes in unchanged brain tissue of the frontal lobes, corresponding to neuronal damage (dysfunction).
Topically Orientated Trend Adjustment and Autocorrelation of the Residuals - An Empirical Investigation of the Forecasting Behavior of Bond Market Analysts in Germany

The analysis of 17,880 interest rate forecasts in the German money and capital market shows that all 116 forecast time series analysed are biased. The bias is particularly due to an autocorrelation of the residuals, which is the immediate consequence of the topically orientated trend adjustment of the forecasts. The efforts of the analysts thus lead to systematically biased forecasts, because they allow themselves to be too strongly influenced by the current market situation when making their forecasts. Alongside tests for unbiasedness, efficiency tests and sign accuracy tests, comparisons with naïve forecasts and with simple ARIMA models are carried out. JEL classification: E47, G12, G21.
Proteomic Analysis of Responses to Drought Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Leaves by 2DE Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

By using a differential proteomic approach, responses to drought stress in sunflower have been studied. Two sunflower genotypes, showing different levels of tolerance to drought have been utilized. Following TCA-acetone protein extraction, the 2-DE leaf protein profile of well watered and drought stressed plants have been compared. Coomassie staining of the gels allowed visualization of around 350 well resolved spots within the 5-8 pH and 10-100 kDa ranges. Image analysis revealed the presence of both, qualitative and quantitative changes between genotypes and treatments. Dif- ferential spots were subjected to trypsin digestion and peptides were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. After database search using peptide mass fingerprinting, 2 genotype-dependent and 23 (susceptible genotype) and 5 (tolerant genotype) stress-responsive protein spots were identified. The two proteins spots differentiating sunflower genotypes cor- responded to phosphoglycerate kinase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. In response to drought conditions a general decrease in protein spots corresponding to enzymes of the photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism was ob- served in the more susceptible genotype, suggesting inhibition of the energetic metabolism. Such changes have not been observed in the tolerant genotype, indicating a normal metabolism under drought stress.
Running coupling and anomalous dimension of SU ( 4 ) gauge theory with decuplet fermions

As a component of a bigger research program using Teragrid resources we propose to measure the running coupling and pseudoscalar renormalization constant of the SU(4) gauge theory with two flavors of decuplet fermions on 8 lattices. The total time requested is 450,000 Jpsi-equivalent core-hours.
Alarming behavior: Crime displacement and observable private precaution

COLLETT-SCHMITT, KRISTEN ELIZABETH. Alarming Behavior: Crime Displacement and Observable Private Precaution. (Under the direction of Charles R. Knoeber.) Homeowners engage in private precaution when public protection is inadequate. When this precaution is observable to criminals, as in the case of a home burglar alarm system advertised with a sign or sticker, it has the beneficial effect of decreasing the probability of burglary of alarmed homeowners. However, because a burglar is rational in his criminal activity, he will avoid protected homes and target homeowners without alarms, increasing their probability of burglary. Observable private precaution therefore incorporates both the deterrence (Clotfelter 1978) and diversion (Shavell 1991) effects. Even though burglar alarms have been identified as effective deterrents, little research has been devoted to determining if they also divert crime. In this dissertation, I examine the diversion effect associated with burglar alarms. In chapter three, I estimate the net effect, or combined deterrence and diversion effects, of burglar alarms on burglary rates and find that burglary rates fall only slightly with increases in burglar alarm use. Assuming that burglar alarms deter, this finding suggests the presence of the diversion effect muting deterrence. In chapters four and five, I present two methods for measuring the diversion effect associated with burglar alarms using data from the homeowner’s insurance industry. Since companies with more non-alarmed customers face larger costs due to diversion, chapter four measures the diversion effect as the relationship between the market shares of homeowner’s insurance companies and the protective device discounts they offer. Chapter five’s approach is based on the empirical method of Berry, Levinsohn, and Pakes (1995) and uses supply and demand parameters in an oligopolistic framework to measure the diversion effect as the difference in the probabilities of burglary of non-alarmed homeowners when some homes install alarms and when no homes are alarmed. Both methods show that diversion can be measured. When empirically tested, they also yield estimates of the diversion effect. Although the social effects associated with burglar alarms are likely to be positive on balance, I expose the hidden costs that may be associated with observable precautionary measures. Alarming Behavior: Crime Displacement and Observable Private Precaution by Kristen Elizabeth Collett-Schmitt A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Applicability of Finite Integration Technique for the modelling of UWB channel characterization

The objective of this paper is to verify applicability of Finite Integration Technique (FIT) based simulations in the modeling of Ultra Wideband (UWB) radio channel. A printed planar UWB monopole antenna, designed for Wireless Body Area Networks' (WBAN) on-body and off-body communications, is used in the experiments. The validation of the FIT-method is performed by comparing the simulation and measurement results in free space. The analysis was performed both in frequency and time domains. Furthermore, the channel behavior was explained with UWB antenna characteristics. The simulated and measured results are shown to have excellent correspondence both in frequency and time domain. All antenna simulations are done with Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio (MWS) software.
Personalized Web Search and User Profile Mining using Ontology

is a replica for knowledge portrayal and is used to articulate profile of user in personalized web information extraction. Earlier user profile was created based on either global knowledge base or local repository. This model extracts global knowledge from web crawler and combines it with user preference to obtain user background knowledge. Finally specificity is calculated based on semantic relations is- A and part-Of. The search results are more personalized and accurate. Hence this model is suggested for web information extraction.
Thermal performance of embedded heat pipe in high power density LED streetlight module

The excellence of energy efficiency and reliability of LED attract the application of outdoor area lighting. The trends toward increase of power density while minimizing the structure, made the heat dissipation design challenging. The thermal performance of a novel streetlight module with embedded heat pipe is investigated in this study. The thermal performance of the new module is compared with a common module with only metal fins design. The thermal capabilities, including temperature uniformity and thermal resistance of heat pipe under different heat loads have been investigated experimentally and analyzed using finite element modeling. The comparison of the thermal properties is presented, and the implication on design capability and reliability is discussed.
Energy-Aware Link Scheduling Algorithms to Maximize Life Cycle of Relay Nodes on IEEE 802.16e Mesh Networks

The IEEE 802.16 standard is defined to meet the high-speed and wide-range data transmission in an efficient way. This paper studies the scheduling problem on IEEE 802.16e mesh networks to minimize the energy consumption of mobile stations so as to maximize the network lifetime. We consider the real-time connections and focus on the resource scheduling which includes time slots allocation, QoS guarantee of real-time flows, interference-free on each link, and spectral reuse for the channel. The proposed energy-aware link scheduling algorithms construct a mathematical model of the energy consumption problem and provide a computationally efficient scheme to solve the optimization problem. Comparing with traditional scheduling schemes for real-time flows, simulation results show that the proposed scheme significantly improves the life cycle of mobile stations.
A mixed-methods examination of patient feedback within forensic and non-forensic mental healthcare services

ABSTRACT Background: The literature surrounding patient feedback is limited, despite government policy integrating patient feedback into how the care quality of the National Health Service (NHS) is assessed. The aim of the study is to examine the detailed contextualised accounts of patient feedback within forensic and non-forensic settings through qualitative and quantitative analyses. Method: Responses which reflected positive or negative/neutral overall feedback were analysed using Chi-Square tests on a total of 906 patient responses in a large NHS Trust in England. Conventional content analysis was conducted on 222 patient free-text comments, deriving codes and distributing these into categories. Findings: Forensic patients were more likely to give negative feedback on mental healthcare services than non-forensic patients. The service’s level of security-impacted patient’s willingness to engage with giving feedback. The qualitative analysis provided further insight into these differences by identifying themes in the data. Conclusion: The findings of the present study highlight the challenges faced by staff and volunteers when collecting patient feedback, exploring important differences between services. The study makes recommendations to practice-based interventions to reduce the consequence of these challenges and explores recommendations for future research.
Intrusion Detection with Neural Networks – Combination of Self-Organizing Maps and Radial Basis Function Networks for Human Expert Integration

With the increasing number of computers being connected to the Internet, the security of network systems becomes more and more important. This importance is underlined by the recent largest and most sophisticated attack (October, 2002) against the 13 official DNS root servers [1], which provide the primary road map for almost all Internet communications. Among other techniques such as authentication methods, data encryption, or firewalls, the use of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) is essential to protect against attacks. Neural Networks are tolerant of imprecise data and uncertain information. With their ability to generalize from learned data they seem to be an appropriate approach to Intrusion Detection. Current research in the area of Intrusion Detection based on Neural Networks shows encouraging results [2]. However, any successful intrusion on a single host can question the data integrity of the host and the security of the whole computer network. To detect unknown attacks and even subtle variations of known attacks is a problem that is extremely hard to address. A testbench of a Neural Network based IDS is described here. To detect subtle variations of known attacks or even unknown attacks this IDS integrates a human expert during the application phase. The system describes here combines the advantages of Radial Basis Function (RBF) Networks[3] and Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) [4]. It is able to support an human expert during the classification process by visualizing the relationship of suspicious data to known attacks. The evaluation of this approach will be based on data sets provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) IDS evaluation in 1998 [5].
Reducing false arrhythmia alarms in the ICU using novel signal quality indices assessment method

The physiological signals such as the electrocardiogram (ECG) and arterial blood pressure (ABP) in the ICU are often severely corrupted by noise, artifact and missing data, producing large errors in the estimation of the characteristics of the signals values, leading to false alarms in ICU. In order to solve this problem, we started with the signal quality assessment of vital signals in intensive care patients using a derived signal quality index (SQI) to reveal the degree of signal quality. And then we use the SQI-weighted residual error of Kalman filters (KF) to complete the date fusion for evaluating the heart rate (HR). Finally, the algorithm of arrhythmia false alarm reduction in ICU monitors was developed based upon the method of combining SQIs and HR estimations derived from ECG waveform and ABP waveform recorded from ICU patients. Results show that the overall True Positive Rate (TPR), True Negative Rate (TNR) and overall score for the Event-1 are respectively 65%, 82%, and 53.19, for the Event-2, the TPR, TNR and overall score are 65%, 87%, and 54.64.
Identifying a moving object with an accelerometer in a camera view

This paper proposes a method for identifying an object which contains an accelerometer out of many moving objects in the view of a stationary camera using motion data obtained by the camera and the accelerometer. The camera and the accelerometer are assumed to be connected with a network but not synchronized. In order to evaluate the similarity of the motion data despite the unknown time lag between the accelerometer and the camera, NCC (normalized cross-correlation) of the signals is computed and its peak is tracked. Since the coordinate system of the accelerometer is unknown, NCC is computed for the norms of the acceleration vectors, which were compensated for the gravitational acceleration component, obtained by the camera and the accelerometer. The experimental results show that the proposed method successfully identified the person wearing the accelerometer out of three walking people. It is also shown that the hand holding the accelerometer was successfully identified out of three moving hands even though the directions of the accelerometer coordinate axes varied temporally due to the free motion of the hand.