Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive control of a millimeter-scale flapping-wing robot

Challenges for the controlled flight of a robotic insect are due to the inherent instability of the system, complex fluid–structure interactions, and the general lack of a complete system model. In this paper, we propose theoretical models of the system based on the limited information available from previous work and a comprehensive flight controller. The modular flight controller is derived from Lyapunov function candidates with proven stability over a large region of attraction. Moreover, it comprises adaptive components that are capable of coping with uncertainties in the system that arise from manufacturing imperfections. We have demonstrated that the proposed methods enable the robot to achieve sustained hovering flights with relatively small errors compared to a non-adaptive approach. Simple lateral maneuvers and vertical takeoff and landing flights are also shown to illustrate the fidelity of the flight controller. The analysis suggests that the adaptive scheme is crucial in order to achieve millimeter-scale precision in flight control as observed in natural insect flight.
PPARγ Regulates Expression of Carbohydrate Sulfotransferase 11 (CHST11/C4ST1), a Regulator of LPL Cell Surface Binding

The transcription factor PPARγ is the key regulator of adipocyte differentiation, function and maintenance, and the cellular target of the insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinediones. Identification and functional characterization of genes regulated by PPARγ will therefore lead to a better understanding of adipocyte biology and may also contribute to the development of new anti-diabetic drugs. Here, we report carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11 (Chst11/C4st1) as a novel PPARγ target gene. Chst11 can sulphate chondroitin, a major glycosaminoglycan involved in development and disease. The Chst11 gene contains two functional intronic PPARγ binding sites, and is up-regulated at the mRNA and protein level during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Chst11 knockdown reduced intracellular lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes, which is due to a lowered activity of lipoprotein lipase, which may associate with the adipocyte cell surface through Chst11-mediated sulfation of chondroitin, rather than impaired adipogenesis. Besides directly inducing Lpl expression, PPARγ may therefore control lipid accumulation by elevating the levels of Chst11-mediated proteoglycan sulfation and thereby increasing the binding capacity for Lpl on the adipocyte cell surface.
Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging in acute ischemic stroke using continuous arterial spin labeling.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Continuous arterial spin-labeled perfusion MRI (CASL-PI) uses electromagnetically labeled arterial blood water as a diffusible tracer to noninvasively measure cerebral blood flow (CBF). We hypothesized that CASL-PI could detect perfusion deficits and perfusion/diffusion mismatches and predict outcome in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS We studied 15 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours of symptom onset. With the use of a 6-minute imaging protocol, CASL-PI was measured at 1.5 T in 8-mm contiguous supratentorial slices with a 3.75-mm in-plane resolution. Diffusion-weighted images were also obtained. Visual inspection for perfusion deficits, perfusion/diffusion mismatches, and effects of delayed arterial transit was performed. CBF in predetermined vascular territories was quantified by transformation into Talairach space. Regional CBF values were correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission and Rankin Scale (RS) score at 30 days. RESULTS Interpretable CASL-PI images were obtained in all patients. Perfusion deficits were consistent with symptoms and/or diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities. Eleven patients had hypoperfusion, 3 had normal perfusion, and 1 had relative hyperperfusion. Perfusion/diffusion mismatches were present in 8 patients. Delayed arterial transit effect was present in 7 patients; serial imaging in 2 of them showed that the delayed arterial transit area did not succumb to infarction. CBF in the affected hemisphere correlated with NIHSS and RS scores (P=0.037 and P=0.003, Spearman rank correlation). The interhemispheric percent difference in middle cerebral artery CBF correlated with NIHSS and RS scores (P=0.007 and P=0.0002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS CASL-PI provides rapid noninvasive multislice imaging in acute ischemic stroke. It depicts perfusion deficits and perfusion/diffusion mismatches and quantifies regional CBF. CASL-PI CBF asymmetries correlate with severity and outcome. Delayed arterial transit effects may indicate collateral flow.
Mesiodistal tooth dimensions and anterior and overall Bolton ratios evaluated by cone beam computed tomography

Abstract Aim: The mesiodistal widths of the maxillary and mandibular teeth and anterior and overall tooth size ratios were measured by CBCT and conventional orthodontic plaster methods, compared, and correlation coefficients for both methods determined. Material and methods: The records of 26 patients (14 males and 12 females) between the ages of 18 and 28 years were randomly selected from the archives of the Oral Diagnosis, Radiology and Orthodontic Departments at the Karadeniz Technical University. The mesiodistal diameters of the maxillary and mandibular permanent teeth from first molar to first molar were measured on the patient’s plaster models and also on CBCT arch renditions. Anterior and overall Bolton ratios were calculated for each method. Comparisons were performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (PCC). Results: The measurements of the mesiodistal widths of most maxillary and mandibular teeth were similar and consistent between the conventional and CBCT methods. PCC values ranged from 0.637 (mandibular right second premolar) to 0.916 (maxillary right canine). PCC values for anterior and overall ratios were 0.756 and 0.781, respectively, indicating that correlations between conventional and CBCT methods were acceptable. Conclusion: Dental measurements and anterior and overall Bolton ratios calculated on CBCT showed acceptable PCC values indicating that CBCT measurements could be used instead of those obtained from conventional plaster models.
Codebook design considerations for low bit-rate speech coding using joint segmentation-quantization

This paper considers the design of codebooks for low bit-rate speech coders which apply joint segmentation-quantization. Two issues are addressed. The first is the design of a codebook from training data when the data vectors vary in size, as dictated by the segmentation process. For this task a modification of the generalized Lloyd algorithm (GLA) is devised. The second issue is assigning indices to the codebook codewords to combat errors due to transmission over a binary symmetric channel (BSC). Two specific useful index assignment (IA) methods are presented.
New Parsing Method UsingGlobal Association

This paper presents a new parsing method using statistical information extracted from corpus, especially for Korean. The structural ambiguities are occurred in deciding the dependency relation between words in Korean. While guring out the correct dependency, the lexical associations play an important role in resolving the ambiguities. Our parser uses statistical cooccurrence data to compute the lexical associations. In addition, it can be shown that sentences are parsed deterministically by the global management of the association. In this paper, the global association table(GAT) is deened and the association between words is recorded in the GAT. The system is the hybrid semi-deterministic parser and is controlled not by the condition-action rule, but by the association value between phrases. Whenever the expectation of the parser fails, it chooses the alternatives using a chart to remove the backtracking.
Assessment and modification of sexual preference in child molesters

Sexual preference has been identified as an important component in the motivational matrix of many sexual offenders against children. Deviant sexual cues or behaviours are understood to elicit maximal arousal in the offender, who then experiences a preference for these cues or for behaviour motivated by the stronger sexual arousal. This preference for sexual interaction with children is understood to be a learned phenomenon, and thus modi'flable. In recent years there has been a huge expansion in knowledge of the assessment and treatment of sexual offenders. One aspect of treatment is techniques designed . to alter sexual preference. A nur:nber of procedures have been developed, but controlled outcome evaluations are sorely needed. The present study employed a combination of two techniques directed masturbation and verbal satiation and utilised phallometry to assess the degree of change. Three groups, each of ten child sex offenders, underwent phallometric assessments and treatment in a multiple base-line, across groups design. Results suggest that directed masturbation, as conducted here, was not effective in enhancing the level of arousal of offenders towards adult stimuli. Verbal satiation however appears to have resulted in a significant reduction in arousal to deviant stimuli. The use of repeated phallometric assessments with some participants in this study also permitted an investigation into the reliability of phallometric measurement. Results indicate, on the whole, that phallometry is a somewhat unreliable form of assessment with child sex offenders. Implications of these findings, with respect to the underlying theoretical assumptions of phallometry, are discussed.
Internationalisation without cultural diversity? Higher education in Korea

ABSTRACT This article examines why universities in Korea champion internationalisation and aggressively recruit foreign students with diverse ethnic backgrounds, yet resist ideas of valorising diversity. Through a qualitative analysis of university curricula at three major Korean universities, ethnographic interviews with 50 foreign students and focus groups interviews with 30 Korean students, I find that despite recent internationalisation efforts, notions of ethnic nationalism remain firmly entrenched at the level of university curricula and also at the level of micro-level interactions between foreign and domestic students. I explain this as an instance of Korea's continued attempts to selectively adopt elements of globalisation for national interests, a familiar paradigm in Korea's historical legacy of social change. Such an instrumentalist approach to the internationalisation of higher education in Korea also confirms global cultural theory, especially the kinds of disjunctures that might result among various types of global flows. Thus I seek to contribute to a growing literature on diversity in higher education in Asia as well as to educational debates on global/local processes and mechanisms of cultural change.
Lorenz-based quasi-orthogonal waveforms for MIMO radar systems

It is well-known that it is very difficult to generate the ideal orthogonal waveforms. Commonly, the waveforms generated by Lorenz chaotic system are quasi-orthogonal. In this paper, the Lorenz-based chaotic waveforms are introduced to MIMO radar systems. Also, the principles of MIMO radar using Lorenz chaotic signals are analyzed briefly. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of Lorenz-based quasi-orthogonal waveforms for MIMO radar systems.
I ntrusion P rotection a gainst SQL I njection Attacks U sing a R everse Proxy

In this era where Internet has captured the world, level of security that this Internet provides has not grown as fast as the Internet application. Internet has eased the life of human in numerous ways, but the drawbacks like the intrusions that are attached with the Internet applications sustains the growth of these applications. One such intrusion is the SQL Injection attacks (SQLIA). Since SQLIA contributes 25% of the total Internet attacks, much research is being carried out in this area. In this paper we propose a method to detect the SQL injection. We use a Reverse proxy and MD5 algorithm to check out SQL injection in user input. Using grammar expressions rules we check for SQL injection in URL’s. This system has been tested on standard test bed applications and our work has shown significant improvement detecting and curbing the SQLIA.
Reliable broadcast in anonymous distributed systems with fair lossy channels

Reliable broadcast (RB) is a basic abstraction in distributed systems, because it allows processes to communicate consistently and reliably with each other. This abstraction has been extensively investigated in eponymous distributed systems (i.e., all processes have different identifiers) in contrast to the study in anonymous systems (i.e., all processes have no ID). Hence, this paper is aimed to study RB in anonymous distributed systems with fair lossy communication channels. Firstly, a non-quiescent RB algorithm tolerating an arbitrary number of crashed processes is given. Then, we introduce an anonymous perfect failure detector AP*. Finally, we propose an extended and quiescent RB algorithm using AP*, in which eventually no process sends messages.
Feasibility of conducting a randomized trial to promote healthy eating, active play and sustainability awareness in early childhood curricula

ABSTRACT We sought to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of a preschool/kindergarten curriculum intervention designed to increase 4-year-old children's knowledge of healthy eating, active play and the sustainability consequences of their food and toy choices. Ninety intervention and 65 control parent/child dyads were recruited. We assessed the study feasibility by examining recruitment and participation, completion of data collection, realization of the intervention and early childhood educators’ experiences of implementing the study protocol; our findings suggest the intervention was feasible to deliver. In addition, children's sustainability awareness of non-compostable and recyclable items increased. Children in the intervention group significantly reduced their sugary drink consumption and increased their vegetable intake at follow-up compared to control. We conclude with recommendations for revisions to the child interview and parent questionnaire delivery to ensure the roll out of the randomized trial is conducted efficiently and rigorously.
Exploiting Morphology and Local Word Reordering in English-to-Turkish Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation

In this paper, we present the results of our work on the development of a phrase-based statistical machine translation prototype from English to Turkish-an agglutinative language with very productive inflectional and derivational morphology. We experiment with different morpheme-level representations for English-Turkish parallel texts. Additionally, to help with word alignment, we experiment with local word reordering on the English side, to bring the word order of specific English prepositional phrases and auxiliary verb complexes, in line with the morpheme order of the corresponding case-marked nouns and complex verbs, on the Turkish side. To alleviate the dearth of the parallel data available, we also augment the training data with sentences just with content word roots obtained from the original training data to bias root word alignment, and with highly reliable phrase-pairs from an earlier corpus alignment. We use a morpheme-based language model in decoding and a word-based language model in re-ranking the n-best lists generated by the decoder. Lastly, we present a scheme for repairing the decoder output by correcting words which have incorrect morphological structure or which are out-of-vocabulary with respect to the training data and language model, to further improve the translations. We improve from 15.53 BLEU points for our word-based baseline model to 25.17 BLEU points for an improvement of 9.64 points or about 62% relative.
Cultural legacies and political preferences: the failure of separatism in the Swiss Jura

The study of secession generally stresses the causal influence of cultural identities, political preferences, or ecological factors. Whereas these different views are often considered to be mutually exclusive, this paper proposes a two-stage model in which they are complementary. We posit that cultural identities matter for explaining secessionism, but not because of primordial attachments. Rather, religious and linguistic groups matter because their members are imbued with cultural legacies that lead to distinct political preferences – in this case preferences over welfare statism. Further, ecological constraints such as geography and topography affect social interaction with like-minded individuals. On the basis of both these political preferences and ecological constraints, individuals then make rational choices about the desirability of secession. Instrumental considerations are therefore crucial in explaining the decision to secede, but not in a conventional pocketbook manner. To examine this theory, we analyze the 2013 referendum on the secession of the Jura Bernois region from the Canton of Berne in Switzerland, using municipal level census and referendum data. The results lend support to the theory and suggest one way in which the politics of identity, based on factors like language and religion, can be fused with the politics of interest (preferences for more or less state intervention into the polity and economy) to better understand group behavior.
Alternative trait combinations and secondary resource partitioning in sexually selected color polymorphism

Resource partitioning within a species, trophic polymorphism is hypothesized to evolve by disruptive selection when intraspecific competition for certain resources is severe. However, in this study, we reported the secondary partitioning of oviposition resources without resource competition in the damselfly Ischnura senegalensis. In this species, females show color polymorphism that has been evolved as counteradaptation against sexual conflict. One of the female morphs is a blue-green (andromorph, male-like morph), whereas the other morph is brown (gynomorph). These female morphs showed alternative preferences for oviposition resources (plant tissues); andromorphs used fresh (greenish) plant tissues, whereas gynomorphs used decaying (brownish) plants tissues, suggesting that they chose oviposition resources on which they are more cryptic. In addition, the two-color morphs had different egg morphologies. Andromorphs have smaller and more elongated eggs, which seemed to adapt to hard substrates compared with those of gynomorphs. The resource partitioning in this species is achieved by morphological and behavioral differences between the color morphs that allow them to effectively exploit different resources. Resource partitioning in this system may be a by-product of phenotypic integration with body color that has been sexually selected, suggesting an overlooked mechanism of the evolution of resource partitioning. Finally, we discuss the evolutionary and ecological consequences of such resource partitioning.
How to Apply ICA on Actual Data ? Example of Mars Hyperspectral Image Analysis

As any estimation method, results provided by ICA are dependent of a model - usually a linear mixture and separation model - and of a criterion - usually independence. In many actual problems, the model is a coarse approximation of the system physics and independence can be more or less satisfied, and consequently results are not reliable. Moreover, with many actual data, there is a lack of reliable knowledge on the sources to be extracted, and the interpretation of the independent components (IC) must be done very carefully, using partial prior information and with interactive discussions with experts. In this talk, we explain how such a scientific method can take place on the example of analysis of Mars hyperspectral images.
Modality Switch Effects Emerge Early and Increase throughout Conceptual Processing: Evidence from ERPs

We tested whether conceptual processing is modality-specific by tracking the time course of the Conceptual Modality Switch effect. Forty-six participants verified the relation between property words and concept words. The conceptual modality of consecutive trials was manipulated in order to produce an Auditory-to-visual switch condition, a Haptic-to-visual switch condition, and a Visual-to-visual, no-switch condition. Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were time-locked to the onset of the first word (property) in the target trials so as to measure the effect online and to avoid a within-trial confound. A switch effect was found, characterized by more negative ERP amplitudes for modality switches than no-switches. It proved significant in four typical time windows from 160 to 750 milliseconds post word onset, with greater strength in posterior brain regions, and after 350 milliseconds. These results suggest that conceptual processing may be modality-specific in certain tasks, but also that the early stage of processing is relatively amodal.
Gone Fishing: I–O Psychologists' Missed Opportunities to Understand Marginalized Employees' Experiences With Discrimination

This article focuses attention on research examining workplace discrimination against employees from marginalized groups. We particularly consider the experiences of seven different groups of marginalized individuals, some of which have legal protection and some of which do not but all of whom we feel have been overlooked by the field of industrial–organizational (I–O) psychology. We briefly describe the importance of studying each group and then delineate the brief amount of research that has been conducted. Finally, we make recommendations for I–O psychologists in terms of research and advocacy. Overall, we argue that I–O psychologists are missing an opportunity to be at the forefront of understanding and instigating changes that would result in maximizing the fairness and optimization of these often forgotten employees and their experiences in the workplace.
PREPULSE INHIBITION DEFICITS ONLY IN FEMALES WITH OBSESSIVE–COMPULSIVE DISORDER

Deficits in sensorimotor gating have been hypothesized to underlie the inability to inhibit repetitive thoughts and behaviors. To test this hypothesis, this study assessed prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating, across three psychiatric disorders (obsessive–compulsive disorder [OCD], social anxiety disorder [SAD], and anorexia nervosa [AN]) whose clinical presentations include repetitive thoughts and behaviors
3D magnetic-resonance-coupling (MRC) localization of wireless capsule endoscopy

Wireless Capsule Endoscope (WCE) enables developing actively controlled capsule for potential complex surgeries, imaging, and new medicine tests. These tasks of WCE need safe, efficient, and precise 3D localization techniques. In this paper, a new application of the magnetic resonance coupling (MRC) technique, which has been widely developed for efficient wireless power transfer, is introduced. It is proposed that the distance dependent signal strength in a MRC system can be beneficially used for 3D localization. The new 3D-MRC localization system consists of three orthogonal emitting coils which are powered by a battery in the capsule, and three pairs of orthogonal receiving coils which are placed outside human body. The distances between the WCE and the receiving coils can be estimated with good accuracy by studying the signal strengths in individual receiving coils. The proposed new 3D-MRC localization system also exhibits higher efficiency when compared with traditional magnetic induction method for 3D localization due to the use of MRC.