Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lightweight DTLS Implementation in CoAP-based IoT

Security is emerging as a key area of focus in the Internet of Things. Lightweight implementations of the required security features are the need of the hour considering the resource constrained nature of the underlying nodes and networks. At the same time, it is essential to ensure that such implementations are robust, reliable and efficient. This paper addresses this need by providing a framework for implementing a lightweight version of the Datagram Transport Layer Security protocol in the Internet of Things. In addition, a real-world application scenario incorporating this lightweight security approach is included for illustration in this position paper. It also sheds light on the ongoing standardization activities in the security domain and relevant future directions to help practitioners keep abreast of all the related developments. Keywords—Internet of Things; M2M; information security; DTLS; CoAP. I. INTRODUCTION The nodes in Internet of Things (IoT) often have constraints regarding their resources such as computational power, memory size and power management. Network communication, especially wireless, also imposes additional restrictions such as low bitrates, variable delays and high packet losses. Due to their pervasive nature, sensitive data can be collected and transmitted from different sources for both public and private use (1). Consequently, security of transmitted data as well as source authentication are crucial. Security can be provided at different layers of the underlying protocol stack. Typically, application layer protocols often delegate security mechanisms to the transport layer, which helps in achieving end-to-end security. And the overhead due to this security mechanism is very relevant to the overall system performance. One such protocol is Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) (2), which additionally has inbuilt binding within Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) (3), which is a specialized web transfer protocol intended to be used by constrained devices in IoT. Though DTLS was not designed with lossy networks and constrained devices in mind, it has emerged as a key candidate to provide security in IoT. However, it cannot be employed as is since it is considered to be too heavy for resource constrained environments. Instead, lightweight implementations of DTLS are more suitable for use in IoT.
Fault-tolerant routing over all shortest node-disjoint paths in hypercube networks

Data transmission is the critical issue when dealing with parallel processing systems. As the number of processors increases day by day inside the supercomputers, faults are very common to occur. Therefore, generating node-disjoint paths is the guarantee to sending data from source process to destination process successfully, since single faulty process can affect maximum one path. Beyond selecting right and efficient interconnection topology, routing is also a major issue to propagate the data in a efficient way. Given paper gives an optimal fault-tolerant routing algorithm for faulty hypercube topology which provides n disjoint paths from source process s to n destination processes in n-dimensional hypercube in O(n2) time with optimal path lengths at most n + f + 1. Then simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm reduce the average path length by about 10% in comparison of Bossard's algorithm in 8-dimensional hypercube.
Modelling the Double Peak Phenomenon

Multiple peaking in concentration-time profiles following the administration of a single dose of a drug has been the subject of considerable interest recently. Two methods of modelling the phenomenon of Double Peaks in pharmacokinetics, both based on compartmental models were described in a recent paper. The first method, the Variability of Absorption approach, assumes that the absorption of the drug from the gut to the systemic plasma varies with the location of the drug in the gut, with negligible absorption through the jejunum and constant (but not necessarily the same) absorption rates in the duodenum and the ileum. The second method, the Parallel Inputs approach, assumes simultaneous input via two parallel pathways. In the present paper the emphasis is on improved fitting of the tail-end of the profiles for both approaches, especially at low plasma concentrations, by use of different forms of data weighting, or alternatively by introducing more complexity in their distribution models. The two modelling approaches are used to model four data sets from the literature with the measurement in each case being concentration of drug in the systemic plasma following a single oral dose of the drug, either in solution form or as an emulsion.
A Conceptual Image-Based Data Glove for Computer-Human Interaction

Data gloves are devices equipped with sensors that capture the movements of the hand of the user in order to select or manipulate objects in a virtual world. Data gloves were introduced three decades ago and since then have been used in many 3D interaction techniques. However, good data gloves are too expensive and only a few of them can perceive the full set of hand movements. In this paper we describe the design of an image-based data glove (IBDG) prototype suitable for finger sensible applications, like virtual objects manipulation and interaction approaches. The proposed device uses a camera to track visual markers at finger tips, and a software module to compute the position of each finger tip and its joints in real-time. To evaluate our concept, we have built a prototype and tested it with 15 volunteers. We also discuss how to improve the engineering of the prototype, how to turn it into a low cost interaction device, as well as other relevant issues about this original concept.
Hindsight, Foresight, and Insight: An Experimental Study of a Small-Market Investment Game with Common and Private Values

We experimentally test an endogenous-timing investment model in which subjects privately observe their cost of investing and a signal correlated with the common investment return. Subjects overinvest, relative to Nash. We separately consider whether subjects draw inferences, in hindsight, and use foresight to delay profitable investment and learn from market activity. In contrast to Nash, cursed equilibrium, and level-k predictions, behavior hardly changes across our experimental treatments. Maximum likelihood estimates are inconsistent with belief-based theories. We offer an explanation in terms of boundedly rational rules of thumb, based on insights about the game, which provides a better fit than quantal response equilibrium. (JEL C72, D82, D83, G11)
Editorial: Pedagogic frailty and concept mapping

The model of pedagogic frailty adds cohesion to consideration of the factors that impinge upon teaching at university and which may inhibit innovation. The model was developed through the examination of expert knowledge structures using concept maps. In this editorial, we summarise the pedagogic frailty model and explain its relationship to the concept mapping tool. We emphasise the need to use excellent concept maps (succinct maps with high explanatory power) for the development of theory and the exploration of the ‘yet-to-be-known’. We introduce the papers in this special issue that each consider pedagogic frailty and/or concept mapping from different perspectives. This illustrates the utility of the frailty model and how it connects to a variety of well-established bodies of research that influence activities within universities at all levels. https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel. 2017.09. 015
Variance of estimated DTI‐derived parameters via first‐order perturbation methods

In typical applications of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), DT‐derived quantities are used to make a diagnostic, therapeutic, or scientific determination. In such cases it is essential to characterize the variability of these tensor‐derived quantities. Parametric and empirical methods have been proposed to estimate the variance of the estimated DT, and quantities derived from it. However, the former method cannot be generalized since a parametric distribution cannot be found for all DT‐derived quantities. Although powerful empirical methods, such as the bootstrap, are available, they require oversampling of the diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data. Statistical perturbation methods represent a hybrid between parametric and empirical approaches, and can overcome the primary limitations of both methods. In this study we used a first‐order perturbation method to obtain analytic expressions for the variance of DT‐derived quantities, such as the trace, fractional anisotropy (FA), eigenvalues, and eigenvectors, for a given experimental design. We performed Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of DTI experiments to test and validate these formulae, and to determine their range of applicability for different experimental design parameters, including the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), diffusion gradient sampling scheme, and number of DWI acquisitions. This information should be useful for designing DTI studies and assessing the quality of inferences drawn from them. Magn Reson Med 57:141–149, 2007. Published 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Near-Threshold, 0.16 nJ/b OOK-Transmitter With 0.18 nJ/b Noise-Cancelling Super-Regenerative Receiver for the Medical Implant Communications Service

A 0.16 nJ/b MICS transmitter and 0.18 nJ/b super-regenerative receiver are demonstrated, where each is specifically designed to operate in the near-threshold region. The low-VDD transmitter utilizes a sub-harmonic injection-locked ring oscillator, edge combiner for frequency multiplication, and class-C power amplifier. The low-VDD receiver introduces a replica super-regenerative receiver as a method to reject common-mode noise sources, such as supply/substrate coupling, thereby reducing undesired self-oscillations and improving BER. Designed in a 90-nm CMOS process, the test-chip measurements show a sensitivity of -80 dBm at 500 kb/s and -65 dBm at 1 Mb/s, respectively, at a BER less than 10-3, with 340 μW total power.
University of Huddersfield Repository the Dietary Patterns of People with a Mental Illness Who Live in the Community the Dietary Patterns of People with a Mental Illness Who Live in the Community

The dietary patterns of people with a mental illness who live in the community Original Citation Hoyle, Anne and Hazzledine, Julie (2004) The dietary patterns of people with a mental illness who live in the community. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. Abstract Background: People with mental health problems are known to have nutritional and physical health risks. This is due to the effect of mood on food intake, the side-effects of psychotropic medications, such as obesity and constipation, and the social issues affecting their food intake, such as poverty, homelessness and lack of motivation to shop for and cook food. Little is known about the actual dietary intake of this population. This study aimed to 1) establish the dietary patterns of a sample of community based mentally ill people, 2) compare their dietary patterns with the general population, 3) identify whether they follow the recommended healthy eating guidelines and 4) establish whether they are a group who require targeting for dietary education to prevent diet related health problems developing in the future.
On the Optimal Precoding for MIMO Gaussian Wire-Tap Channels

We consider the problem of finding secrecy rate of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wire-tap channel. A transmitter, a legitimate receiver, and an eavesdropper are all equipped with multiple antennas. The channel states from the transmitter to the legitimate user and to the eavesdropper are assumed to be known at the transmitter. In this contribution, we address the problem of finding the optimal precoder/transmit covariance matrix maximizing the secrecy rate of the given wire- tap channel. The problem formulation is shown to be equivalent to a difference of convex functions programming problem and an efficient algorithm for addressing this problem is developed.
A Fully-Secure RFID Authentication Protocol from Exact LPN Assumption

In the recent years, several light-weight cryptographic solutions have been proposed for RFID system. HB-family is one of promising protocol series, based on the hardness of the Learning Parity with Noise (LPN) problem. Most protocols in HB-family are not suited for mobile/wireless reader applications due to secure channel assumptions. In this paper, we present a fully secure collaborative mutual authentication protocol for an RFID system where both channels tag-reader and reader-server are considered to be insecure. More precisely, we introduce a new variant of an HB-like protocol where the complete RFID system is authenticated under LPN-based commitment scheme by taking advantages of properties of perfect computational hiding commitment scheme, pseudo inverse matrix, and randomized Hill cipher. In addition, through detailed security and privacy analysis, we show that our scheme achieves required security and privacy properties, under not the random oracle model, but the standard model.
Cognitive Screening in Brain Tumors: Short but Sensitive Enough?

Cognitive deficits in brain tumors are generally thought to be relatively mild and non-specific, although recent evidence challenges this notion. One possibility is that cognitive screening tools are being used to assess cognitive functions but their sensitivity to detect cognitive impairment may be limited. For improved sensitivity to recognize mild and/or focal cognitive deficits in brain tumors, neuropsychological evaluation tailored to detect specific impairments has been thought crucial. This study investigates the sensitivity of a cognitive screening tool, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), compared to a brief but tailored cognitive assessment (CA) for identifying cognitive deficits in an unselected primary brain tumor sample (i.e., low/high-grade gliomas, meningiomas). Performance is compared on broad measures of impairment: (a) number of patients impaired on the global screening measure or in any cognitive domain; and (b) number of cognitive domains impaired and specific analyses of MoCA-Intact and MoCA-Impaired patients on specific cognitive tests. The MoCA-Impaired group obtained lower naming and word fluency scores than the MoCA-Intact group, but otherwise performed comparably on cognitive tests. Overall, based on our results from patients with brain tumor, the MoCA has extremely poor sensitivity for detecting cognitive impairments and a brief but tailored CA is necessary. These findings will be discussed in relation to broader issues for clinical management and planning, as well as specific considerations for neuropsychological assessment of brain tumor patients.
Geochemistry of Tektites from Hainan Island and Northeast Thailand

Twenty seven tektites from the Wenchang area, Hainan province (south China) and five tektites from the Khon Kaen area (northeast Thailand) were analyzed for major and trace element contents and Rb-Sr isotopic compositions. All the samples studied are splash-form tektites. Tektites of this study are characterized by high SiO2 contents ranging from 71.95 to 74.07 wt% which is consistent with previously published analyses of Australasian tektites. The trace element ratios Ba/Rb (avg. 3.89), Th/Sm (avg. 2.40), Sm/Sc (avg. 0.45), Th/Sc (avg. 0.99) and the rare earth elements (REE) contents of tektites of this study are similar to the average upper continental crust. Based on the chemical composition, it is suggested that tektites in this study are derived from similar parental material and are similar to the post-Archean upper crustal rocks. The major and trace element abundances of tektites analyzed indicate that the parental material of tektites may be a terrestrial sedimentary deposit. The tektites from the Wenchang area, Hainan Island have high positive ε(0) values-ranging from 184.5~196.5 which indicate that the parental material for these tektites have similar Sr isotopic compositions to old terrestrial sedimentary rocks and they were not dominantly derived from recent young sediments (such as soil or loess). Based on Rb-Sr isotopic data, it has been suggested by Blum (1992) [1]that the depositional age of sedimentary target materials is close to 170Ma (Jurassic). According to the model suggested by Ho and Chen (1996)[2], mixing calculations for various amounts and combinations of target rocks have been carried out. We consider that the best fit for tektites from the Wenchang area is a mixture of 47% shale, 23% sandstone, 25% greywacke and 5% quartzite, and the other tektites from Khon Kaen area is a mixture of 46% shale, 2% sandstone, 20% greywacke and 32% quartzite. Keywords—Geochemistry, Hainan Island, Northeast Thailand, Tektites. Lee Y. T. , and Shih J. Y. are with the Department of Tourism, Aletheia University, Tamsui 25103, Taiwan (phone: +886 2 26212121-5413; Fax: +886 2 26256247; e-mail: au4300@email.au.edu.tw). This work was supported in part by National Science Council, No. 97-2116-M-156-001. Huang R. Y. is with Department of Leisure Business Management, DeLin Institute of Technology, Taipei236, Taiwan (corresponding author: phone: +886 2 22733567-309; fax: +886 2 26256247; e-mail: crux@dlit.edu.tw). Hu Y. T. is with the Sinotech Engineering Consultants Inc., Taipei 114, Tiwan (e-mail: hyt@sinotech.org.tw). Chen C. C. is with Department of Physical Education, Aletheia University, Tamsui 25103, Taiwan. (e-mail: ccchen@email.au.edu.tw). Chen J. C. is with Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan. Chang W. F. is with Instrument Center at National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
Narrative Medicine in the Native Tongue: The Effect of the L1 as a Moderating Variable of Exam Performance in Experimental Disclosure Therapy

There is increasing evidence supporting a link between writing about one’s emotional experiences and alleviating physical and psychological ailments. Recently, in the academic milieu, studies have focused on relieving test anxiety via experiential disclosure (as it is called); however, relevant studies have only focused on uses of the paradigm in monolingual environments. The role of the native language in an English-only environment has so far been vastly ignored by the literature on this paradigm. This is particularly troubling as studies suggest emotivity is more potent in one's native language than in subsequent languages learned (Schrauf, 2000; Dewaele, 2004; Pavlenko, 2002) and emotivity is integral to the efficacy of the benefits found when writing about ailments (Pennebaker & Chung, 2007; 2011). Three hundred and sixty-two undergraduate students were given measures of cognitive test anxiety, optimism, and depression, and randomized to a control or an experimental grouping. They were asked either to think about unemotional topics or express their emotions about an upcoming test in English or in their L1 (native language) before taking a final exam, respectively. Surprisingly, non-native English speakers asked to expressively write in their L1 scored lowest on their final exam, even lower than non-native iii English speakers asked to write expressively in English. This suggests that stereotype threat may be at play when implementing experimental disclosure therapy, in that L1 speakers may be highly attentive to their environment. The findings of this pilot study suggest that further research into how the L1 affects expressive writing and academic performance in an Engli shonly environment is warranted.
Occurrence of Azospirillum brasilense in soils amended with swine manure

Restriction analysis of amplified 16S rDNA from bacterial strains isolated from soil was used to evaluate the effects of swine manure and urea fertilisation on indigenous populations of the plant growth promoting bacterium, Azospirillum brasilense, in corn- cultivated experimental plots. Several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found among the isolates. One of them, identified as A. brasilense, was found only in the control and in the organically amended plots, while treatment with urea reduced the presence of this species to under the detection threshold. Neither the organic nor the chemical treatment reduced the general biodiversity of the sampled soils, which was defined by the number of different OTUs within each plot. The spreading of pig slurry seems to be a good management practice in corn-cultivated agrosystems, as it does not affect the presence of A. brasilense.
Protocols for Distributed AAA Framework in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

Ad-hoc networks are subject to malicious attacks given their wireless nature and high dynamicity. Various security issues have been raised so far, especially access control. In a previous work, we focused on a light and distributed AAA framework using a six message-AAA protocol, and an access token mechanism. In this article, we optimize this AAA protocol through the definition of two new AVPs. Besides to resist to spoofing and replay attacks, we design a two-way protocol that allows destination nodes to check the access authorization validity of their neighbors.
ECG diagnosis via a sequential recursive time series — Wavelet classification scheme

A novel scheme for diagnosing non-stationary electrocardiogram (ECG) records using a combination of stochastic time-series detection and wavelet-based classification methods is presented. The ECG diagnosis algorithm stems from a two-stage procedure, which initially detects and subsequently classifies ECG segments bearing cardiac abnormalities. In the first stage, recursive stochastic time-series representations (as applied to fault diagnosis of mechanical systems) are used for detecting any potentially abnormal heartbeat incidents in the ECG signal. During the second stage, the detected incidents are fed into a wavelet classifier, which assigns the corresponding heartbeats to different classes, i.e. Supraventricular, Ventricular, Fusion and Normal. The resulting classification task is thus focused on abnormal ECG segments, as the segments related to healthy heart status are discarded by the detection step. The scheme's performance is evaluated on several ECG recordings from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. Despite minimal preprocessing of the ECG recordings and the simplicity of the ECG features extraction scheme with respect to other well-established schemes, the algorithmic performance is comparable.
Photovoltaic power-increment-aided incremental-conductance maximum power point tracking using variable frequency and duty controls

This paper presents a smart photovoltaic (PV) power-increment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT (PI-INC MPPT) using either variable-frequency constant-duty control (VFCD) or constant-frequency variable-duty control (CFVD). The tracking of PI-INC MPPT with reference to a threshold tracking zone (THZ) is implemented by a two-step approach, a power-increment (PI) coarse-tracking along Ppv-Vpv curve and an incremental-conductance (INC) fine-tracking along Ipv-Vpv curve. An ambiguous detection using INC MPPT, in the flat-and-low conductance region of Ipv-Vpv curve, will not be arisen by using the PI coarse-tracking that enriches the PI-INC MPPT fast tracking along Ppv-Vpv curve with obvious detection against the potential tracking delay. Modeling and analysis of two typical PV power converters, using VFCD and CFVD controls, which implement the tracking of the PI-INC MPPT, are respectively addressed. The effectiveness of the tracking behavior of PI-INC MPPT by the two power converters in comparison with that using conventional INC-MPPT is assessed through the experimental tests.