Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining the biomedical literature to predict shared drug targets in DrugBank

The current drug development pipelines are characterised by long processes with high attrition rates and elevated costs. More than 80% of new compounds fail in the later stages of testing due to severe side-effects caused by unknown biomolecular targets of the compounds. In this work, we present a measure that can predict shared targets for drugs in DrugBank through large scale analysis of the biomedical literature. We show that using MeSH ontology terms can accurately describe the drugs and that appropriate use of the MeSH ontological structure can determine pairwise drug similarity.
SELF-REGULATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: HOT AND COOL EXECUTIVE CONTROL AS PREDICTORS OF LATER CLASSROOM LEARNING BEHAVIORS

SELF-REGULATION IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN: HOT AND COOL EXECUTIVE CONTROL AS PREDICTORS OF LATER CLASSROOM LEARNING BEHAVIORS: A DISSERTATION Todd M. Wyatt Ph.D., George Mason University, 2013 Dissertation Director: Dr. Susanne Denham Over the last several years, researchers and practitioners have paid increasing attention to the areas of self-regulation, classroom involvement and classroom learning behaviors and how these domains relate to concurrent and subsequent social and academic success. Although there has been an emphasis on promoting learning behaviors that promote positive classroom outcomes, there remains a large proportion of students who develop negative attitudes and poor scholastic habits early on and suffer the negative social and academic consequences throughout their school career. The current investigation attempts to better understand the association between preschooler’s selfregulation, and learning behaviors within the preschool and kindergarten classroom. The investigation will also take into account the mediating/moderating effects of the child’s on-task involvement, gender and socioeconomic differences on the relations between self-regulation and classroom learning behaviors.
Glycoprotein N of Human Cytomegalovirus Protects the Virus from Neutralizing Antibodies

Herpes viruses persist in the infected host and are transmitted between hosts in the presence of a fully functional humoral immune response, suggesting that they can evade neutralization by antiviral antibodies. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes a number of polymorphic highly glycosylated virion glycoproteins (g), including the essential envelope glycoprotein, gN. We have tested the hypothesis that glycosylation of gN contributes to resistance of the virus to neutralizing antibodies. Recombinant viruses carrying deletions in serine/threonine rich sequences within the glycosylated surface domain of gN were constructed in the genetic background of HCMV strain AD169. The deletions had no influence on the formation of the gM/gN complex and in vitro replication of the respective viruses compared to the parent virus. The gN-truncated viruses were significantly more susceptible to neutralization by a gN-specific monoclonal antibody and in addition by a number of gB- and gH-specific monoclonal antibodies. Sera from individuals previously infected with HCMV also more efficiently neutralized gN-truncated viruses. Immunization of mice with viruses that expressed the truncated forms of gN resulted in significantly higher serum neutralizing antibody titers against the homologous strain that was accompanied by increased antibody titers against known neutralizing epitopes on gB and gH. Importantly, neutralization activity of sera from animals immunized with gN-truncated virus did not exhibit enhanced neutralizing activity against the parental wild type virus carrying the fully glycosylated wild type gN. Our results indicate that the extensive glycosylation of gN could represent a potentially important mechanism by which HCMV neutralization by a number of different antibody reactivities can be inhibited.
Decoding LDPC Convolutional Codes on Markov Channels

This paper describes a pipelined iterative technique for joint decoding and channel state estimation of LDPC convolutional codes over Markov channels. Example designs are presented for the Gilbert-Elliott discrete channel model. We also compare the performance and complexity of our algorithm against joint decoding and state estimation of conventional LDPC block codes. Complexity analysis reveals that our pipelined algorithm reduces the number of operations per time step compared to LDPC block codes, at the expense of increased memory and latency. This tradeoff is favorable for low-power applications.
Peptide Elongation Factor eEF1A-2/S1 Expression in Cultured Differentiated Myotubes and Its Protective Effect against Caspase- 3-mediated Apoptosis*

Peptide elongation factor eEF1A-2/S1, which shares 92% homology with eEF1A-1/EF-1α, is exclusively expressed in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. In these tissues, eEF1A-2/S1 is the only type 1A elongation factor expressed in adulthood because a transition from eEF1A-1/EF-1α to eEF1A-2/S1 occurs in early postnatal development. In this article, we report that the expression of eEF1A-2/S1 protein is activated upon myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we show that upon serum deprivation-induced apoptosis, eEF1A-2/S1 protein disappears and is replaced by its homolog eEF1A-1/EF-1α in dying myotubes; cell death is characterized by the activation of caspase-3. In addition, we show that the continuous expression of eEF1A-2/S1 resulting from adenoviral gene transfer protects differentiated myotubes from apoptosis by delaying their death, thus suggesting a prosurvival function for eEF1A-2/S1 in skeletal muscle. In contrast, myotube death is accelerated by the introduction of the homologous gene, eEF1A-1/EF-1α, whereas cells transfected with antisense eEF1A-1/EF-1αare protected from apoptosis. These results demonstrate that the two sister genes, eEF1A-1/EF-1α and eEF1A-2/S1, regulate myotube survival with the former exerting prodeath activity and the latter a prosurvival effect.
Impact of the Physical Layer Modeling on the Accuracy and Scalability of Wireless Network Simulation

Recent years have witnessed a tremendous growth of research in the field of wireless systems and networking protocols. Consequently, simulation has appeared as the most convenient approach for the performance evaluation of such systems and several wireless network simulators have been proposed in recent years. However, the complexity of the wireless physical layer (PHY) induces a clear tradeoff between the accuracy and the scalability of simulators. Thereby, the accuracy of the simulation results varies drastically from one simulator to another. In this paper, we focus on this tradeoff and we investigate the impact of the physical layer modeling accuracy on both the computational cost and the confidence in simulations. We first provide a detailed discussion on physical layer issues, including the radio range, link and interference modeling, and we investigate how they have been handled in existing popular simulators. We then introduce a flexible and modular new wireless network simulator, called WSNet. Using this simulator, we analyze the influence of the PHY modeling on the performance and the accuracy of simulations. The results show that the PHY modeling, and in particular interference modeling, can have a significant impact on the behavior of the evaluated protocols at the expense of an increased computational overhead. Moreover, we show that the use of realistic propagation models can improve the simulation accuracy without inducing a severe degradation of scalability.
Specific Targeting of Ganglion Cell Sprouts Provides an Additional Mechanism for Restoring Peripheral Motor Circuits in Pelvic Ganglia after Spinal Nerve Damage

The pelvic ganglia contain both sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons and provide an interesting model in which to study the effects of a distributed spinal nerve lesion. Previous animal studies have suggested that after either lumbar or sacral nerve injury, some functional connections are restored between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons. It has been proposed that this is because of intact preganglionic axons sprouting collaterals to supply denervated ganglion cells. However, this has never been demonstrated, and our study has investigated whether the ganglion cells themselves contribute to axogenesis and restoration of peripheral circuitry. We have monitored the growth of axons from pelvic ganglion cells after lumbar or sacral nerve injury (partial decentralization), or a combination of the two (total decentralization). These new processes were distinguished from intact preganglionic terminals by their immunoreactivity for substances present only in pelvic ganglion neurons (vasoactive intestinal peptide, neuropeptide Y, and tyrosine hydroxylase). The proportion of pelvic neurons surrounded by these immunostained fibers was then assessed. Complete removal of preganglionic terminals provides the biggest stimulus for growth of new axon processes (sprouts), which grow profusely within just a few days. These arise from each of the main chemical classes of pelvic neurons but grow at different rates and have different distributions. Importantly, some chemical classes of sprouts preferentially supply neurons of dissimilar histochemistry, suggesting the presence of very specific targeting mechanisms rather than random growth. These sprouts are transient, however, those formed after partial decentralization appear to be maintained. Moreover, after lesion of either lumbar or sacral spinal nerves, many sprouts arise from neurons with intact spinal connections and innervate neurons that have lost their preganglionic inputs. This provides a very different alternative mechanism to reestablish communication between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons. In conclusion, we have demonstrated a rapid and selective axogenesis within the pelvic ganglion after spinal nerve injury. This may allow the development of novel strategies by which autonomic nerve pathways can be experimentally manipulated, to facilitate more rapid return of appropriate peripheral reflex control.
How (Un)Informed Is Trading

We estimate a structural model of strategic trader behavior that sheds light on the determinants of trading volume and stock returns. Our novel identification approach exploits enormous empirical variation in trading and volatility associated with the time of day and public news arrival. Over 95% of trading occurs during regular market hours (9:30am to 4pm), even though prices exhibit considerable volatility during extended hours, especially when news arrives. For the model to explain the data, discretionary liquidity trading must constitute the bulk of trading volume and must increase significantly after news arrives. However, from 2001 to 2010, informed trading increasingly contributes to volume and stock price discovery because our estimate of the cost of acquiring private information falls by a factor of 12 in this decade.
Practitioner Guidelines for Career Counselling in Light of Cross-cultural Influences on WAIS-III IQ Test Performance

This article consists of two aspects, including: (i) The delineation of WAIS-III normative date derived from prior research conducted by the present author (Shuttleworth-Edwards et al., 2004) in respect of a black African first language sample in the age range 19–30, stratified for level and quality of education; and (ii) The presentation of two case vignettes in order to illustrate the utility of these norms. The WAIS-III normative scores for the black African first language groups with advantaged education are commensurate with the USA standardization, whereas for black African first language participants with disadvantaged education scores fall in the Borderline Impaired and Low Average ranges for Grade 12s and Graduates, respectively. The two case vignettes highlight the need to take account of such culturally induced performance decrements on the standard administration the WAIS-III, in order to facilitate reality based indications concerning educational and career possibilities. In particular, there is the risk of underestimating potential in black African first language populations with relatively disadvantaged education.
An Import Signal in the Cytosolic Domain of theNeurospora Mitochondrial Outer Membrane Protein TOM22*

TOM22 is an integral component of the preprotein translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane (TOM complex). The protein is anchored to the lipid bilayer by a central trans-membrane segment, thereby exposing the amino-terminal domain to the cytosol and the carboxyl-terminal portion to the intermembrane space. Here, we describe the sequence requirements for the targeting and correct insertion of Neurospora TOM22 into the outer membrane. The orientation of the protein is not influenced by the charges flanking its trans-membrane segment, in contrast to observations regarding proteins of other membranes. In vitro import studies utilizing TOM22 preproteins harboring deletions or mutations in the cytosolic domain revealed that the combination of the trans-membrane segment and intermembrane space domain of TOM22 is not sufficient to direct import into the outer membrane. In contrast, a short segment of the cytosolic domain was found to be essential for the import and assembly of TOM22. This sequence, a novel internal import signal for the outer membrane, carries a net positive charge. A mutant TOM22 in which the charge of the import signal was altered to −1 was imported less efficiently than the wild-type protein. Our data indicate that TOM22 contains physically separate import and membrane anchor sequences.
Automated Identification of Trampoline Skills Using Computer Vision Extracted Pose Estimation

A novel method to identify trampoline skills using a single video camera is proposed herein. Conventional computer vision techniques are used for identification, estimation, and tracking of the gymnast's body in a video recording of the routine. For each frame, an open source convolutional neural network is used to estimate the pose of the athlete's body. Body orientation and joint angle estimates are extracted from these pose estimates. The trajectories of these angle estimates over time are compared with those of labelled reference skills. A nearest neighbour classifier utilising a mean squared error distance metric is used to identify the skill performed. A dataset containing 714 skill examples with 20 distinct skills performed by adult male and female gymnasts was recorded and used for evaluation of the system. The system was found to achieve a skill identification accuracy of 80.7% for the dataset.
Childless Lesbian and Gay Adults’ Self-Efficacy About Achieving Parenthood

Lesbian and gay people are much less likely than others to become parents, and psychological factors may contribute to this difference. We explored self-efficacy about becoming a parent among geographically diverse, childless, lesbian and gay U.S. residents aged 18 to 44 years (N = 1,098). On average, participants reported that they were uncertain whether they could overcome financial barriers to parenthood or become biological parents without assistance from reproductive health providers. However, they were somewhat optimistic about overcoming barriers to adoptive and foster parenthood, and they were optimistic that they could somehow achieve parenthood if they wanted. Participants who were younger, who reported that children with lesbian or gay parents enjoy positive outcomes, and who lived in social climates favorable for members of sexual minorities reported the highest self-efficacy about achieving parenthood. These results contribute to understanding of family formation among sexual minority adults.
Hind wing variation in Leptura annularis complex among European and Asiatic populations (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)

Abstract The ability to quantify morphological variation is essential for understanding the processes of species diversification. The geometric morphometrics approach allows reliable description of variation in animals, including insects. Here, this method was used to quantify the morphological variation among European and Asiatic populations of Leptura annularis Fabricius, 1801 and its closely related species L. mimica Bates, 1884, endemic for Japan and Sakhalin islands. Since the taxonomic status of these two taxa is differently interpreted by taxonomists, they are collectively called “Leptura annularis complex” in this paper. The analysis was based on the measurements of hind wings of 269 specimens from six populations from Europe and Asia. The level of morphological divergence between most of continental European and Asiatic populations was relatively small and proportional to the geographic distance between them. However, distinct morphotype was detected in Sakhalin Is. and Japan. These data confirm the morphological divergence of the endemic L. mimica species. Obtained results highlight the potential of the geometric morphometric method in studying morphological variation in beetles.
Random coding exponents galore via decoupling

A missing piece in quantum information theory, with very few exceptions, has been to provide the random coding exponents for quantum information-processing protocols. We remedy the situation by providing these exponents for a variety of protocols including those at the top of the family tree of protocols. Our line of attack is to provide an exponential bound on the decoupling error for a restricted class of completely positive maps where a key term in the exponent is in terms of a Renyi �-information-theoretic quantity for any � ∈ (1,2]. Among the protocols covered are fully quantum Slepian-Wolf, quantum state merging, quantum state redistribution, quantum/classical communication across channels with side information at the transmitter with or without entanglement assistance, and quantum communication across broadcast channels.
Depression is ordinary: Public feelings and Saidiya Hartman’s Lose Your Mother

What if depression, in the Americas at least, could be traced to histories of colonialism, genocide, slavery, exclusion, and everyday segregation and isolation that haunt all of our lives, rather than to biochemical imbalances? This article seeks alternatives to the medical model found in most depression memoirs by considering how the epistemological and methodological struggles faced by a scholar of the African diaspora confronted by the absent archive of slavery are relevant to discussions of political depression. Combining scholarly investigation and personal memoir, Saidiya Hartman’s Lose Your Mother exemplifies feminism’s affective turn not only by bringing personal narrative into scholarship, but by seeking reparation for the past in the affective dynamics of cultural memory rather than in legal reform or state recognition. Stubbornly refusing to find solace in an African past before slavery, though, Hartman provides a model of emotional reparation in which feelings of loss and alienation persist. Her work suggests the relevance of political depression to both the ordinary life of racism and to what gets called clinical depression.
Modeling and measurement of rainfall by ground-based multispectral microwave radiometry

The potential of ground-based multispectral microwave radiometers in retrieving rainfall parameters is investigated by coupling physically oriented models and retrieval methods with a large set of experimental data. Measured data come from rain events that occurred in the USA at Boulder, Colorado, and at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program's Southern Great Plains (SGP) site in Lamont, OK. Rain cloud models are specified to characterize both nonraining clouds, stratiform and convective rainfall. Brightness temperature numerical simulations are performed for a set of frequencies from 20 to 60 GHz at zenith angle, representing the channels currently deployed on a commercially available ground-based radiometric system. Results are illustrated in terms of comparisons between measurements and model data in order to show that the observed radiometric signatures can be attributed to rainfall scattering and absorption. A new statistical inversion algorithm, trained by synthetic data and based on principal component analysis is also developed to classify the meteorological background, to identify the rain regime, and to retrieve rain rate from passive radiometric observations. Rain rate estimate comparisons with simultaneous rain gauge data and rain effect mitigation methods are also discussed.
An SLA perspective on the router buffer sizing problem

In this paper, we discuss recent work on buffer sizing in the context of an ISP's need to offer and guarantee competitive Service Level Agreements (SLAs) to its customers. Since SLAs specify the performance that an ISP guarantees to its customers, they provide critical context for many configuration and provisioning decisions and have specific relevance to buffer sizing. We use a controlled laboratory environment to explore the tradeoffs between buffer size and a set of performance metrics over a range of traffic mixtures for three different router designs. Our empirical study reveals performance profiles that are surprisingly robust to differences in router architecture and traffic mix and suggests a design space within which buffer sizing decisions can be made in practice. We then present a preliminary approach for making buffer sizing decisions within this framework that relates directly to performance and provisioning requirements in SLAs.
Term Satisfiability Problem for Two-Element Algebras is in QL or is NQL-Complete

We show that the term satisfiability problem for finite algebras is in NQL. Moreover we present a complete classification of the computational complexity of the term satisfiability problem for two-element algebras. We show that for any fixed two- element algebra the problem is either in QL or NQL-complete. We show that the complexity of the considered problem, parameterized by an algebra, is determined by the clone of term operations of the algebra.
No-Show at a Forensic Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic

Nonattendance for and late cancellations of scheduled appointments, that is no-show, is a well-known phenomenon in psychiatric outpatient clinics. Research on the topic of no-show for initial and consecutive appointments in the field of forensic psychiatry is scarce. This study therefore aims to determine the prevalence and causes of no-show and to explore reasons for nonattendance. The study was carried out in an outpatient clinic in northern Netherlands. Telephone interviews were administered to 27 no-show clients, 84 follow-up no-show clients, and 41 attendees of 18 years and older. A no-show rate of 24.9% and a follow-up no-show rate of 9.8% was found. The majority of appointments missed were in the beginning phase of clinic contact. No-show clients were younger than their attending counterparts and more often dropped out from clinic contact. Also, less family social support was experienced by nonattendees. Reasons for nonattendance were having forgotten about appointment and work commitments.