Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on the prediction of the contamination symptoms in the fermentation process of Chlortetracycline based on soft sensor modeling method

BACKGROUND: How to accurately predict the occurrence of contamination in the fermentation process of Chlortetracycline? How to prompt field operators to take effective measures in time? This is a difficult problem that the fermentation process of Chlortetracycline has not been solved well. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to effectively predict whether the fermentation process of Chlortetracycline is contaminated or not. METHODS: A Gaussian process regression soft sensor modeling method with real time integration learning is studied in depth by combining two local learning strategies, namely just-in-time learning (JITL) method and integrated learning method, and a multi-model weighted Gaussian process regression (MWGPR) soft sensor modeling method based on real-time integration learning is proposed in the paper. This soft sensing method was used to study the relationship between the viscosity of fermentation broth and the contamination in fermentation process. A soft-sensing model based on the viscosity of fermentation broth for predicting the signs of contamination is established. RESULTS: The validity of this method is verified by field data. The experimental results demonstrate that the soft sensing model proposed in this paper can effectively determine whether the fermentation broth is infected by hybrid bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: The method proposed in this paper is innovative and practical so that field operators can issue early warning and take effective measures.
Resveratrol inhibits the intracellular calcium increase and angiotensin/endothelin system activation induced by soluble uric acid in mesangial cells

Resveratrol (Resv) is natural polyphenol found in grapes. This study evaluated the protective effect of Resv against the effects of uric acid (UA) in immortalized human mesangial cells (ihMCs). ihMCs were preincubated with Resv (12.5 µM) for 1 h and treated with UA (10 mg/dL) for 6 or 12 h. The intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]i was quantified by fluorescence using flow cytometry. Angiotensinogen (AGT) and pre-pro endothelin-1 (ppET-1) mRNA were assayed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Angiotensin II (AII) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were assayed by ELISA. UA significantly increased [Ca2+]i. Pre-incubation with Resv significantly reduced the change in [Ca2+]i induced by UA. Incubation with UA for 6 or 12 h also increased AGT mRNA expression and AII protein synthesis. Resv blunted these increases in AGT mRNA expression and AII protein. Incubation with UA in the ihMCs increased ppET-1 expression and ET-1 protein synthesis at 6 and 12 h. When ihMCs were pre-incubated with Resv, UA had a significantly diminished effect on ppET-1 mRNA expression and ET-1 protein synthesis at 6 and 12 h, respectively. Our results suggested that UA triggers reactions including AII and ET-1 production in mesangial cells. The renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the pathogenesis of renal function and chronic kidney disease. Resv can minimize the impact of UA on AII, ET-1 and the increase of [Ca2+]i in mesangial cells, suggesting that, at least in part, Resv can prevent the effects of soluble UA in mesangial cells.
Ribbon Synapse Plasticity in the Cochleae of Guinea Pigs after Noise-Induced Silent Damage

Noise exposure at low levels or low doses can damage hair cell afferent ribbon synapses without causing permanent threshold shifts. In contrast to reports in the mouse cochleae, initial damage to ribbon synapses in the cochleae of guinea pigs is largely repairable. In the present study, we further investigated the repair process in ribbon synapses in guinea pigs after similar noise exposure. In the control samples, a small portion of afferent synapses lacked synaptic ribbons, suggesting the co-existence of conventional no-ribbon and ribbon synapses. The loss and recovery of hair cell ribbons and post-synaptic densities (PSDs) occurred in parallel, but the recovery was not complete, resulting in a permanent loss of less than 10% synapses. During the repair process, ribbons were temporally separated from the PSDs. A plastic interaction between ribbons and postsynaptic terminals may be involved in the reestablishment of synaptic contact between ribbons and PSDs, as shown by location changes in both structures. Synapse repair was associated with a breakdown in temporal processing, as reflected by poorer responses in the compound action potential (CAP) of auditory nerves to time-stress signals. Thus, deterioration in temporal processing originated from the cochlea. This deterioration developed with the recovery in hearing threshold and ribbon synapse counts, suggesting that the repaired synapses had deficits in temporal processing.
CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein-δ Expression by Dendritic Cells Regulates CNS Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease

CCAAT enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBPδ) is a transcription factor that regulates inflammatory processes mediating bystander neuronal injury and CNS autoimmune inflammatory disease. The mechanism of the involvement of C/EBPδ in these processes remains to be determined. Here, we examined the cellular source(s) and mechanisms by which C/EBPδ may be involved in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Mice deficient in C/EBPδ expression exhibited less severe clinical disease than wild-type littermates in response to induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by vaccination with a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) fragment. This reduction in EAE severity was associated with a significant alteration in the complement of major CNS T-helper (Th) cell subtypes throughout disease, manifest as reduced ratios of Th17 cells to regulatory T-cells (Tregs). Studies in bone marrow chimeric mice indicated that C/EBPδ expression by peripherally derived immune cells mediates C/EBPδ involvement in EAE. Follow up in vitro and in vivo examination of dendritic cell (DC) mediated Th-cell development suggests that C/EBPδ suppresses DC expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10), favoring Th17 over Treg development. In vitro and in vivo blockade of IL-10 signaling attenuated the effect of reduced C/EBPδ expression by DCs on Th17:Treg ratios. These findings identify C/EBPδ as an important DC transcription factor in CNS autoimmune inflammatory disease by virtue of its capacity to alter the Th17:Treg balance in an IL-10 dependent fashion.
Iterative Implicit Methods for Solving Hodgkin-Huxley Type Systems

We are motivated to approximate solutions of a Hodgkin-Huxley type model with implicit methods. As a representative we chose a psychiatric disease model containing stable as well as chaotic cycling behaviour. We analyze the bifurcation pattern and show that some implicit methods help to preserve the limit cycles of such systems. Further, we applied adaptive time stepping for the solvers to boost the accuracy, allowing us a preliminary zoom into the chaotic area of the system.
Using mm-Waves for Secret Key Establishment

The fact that millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication needs to be directional is usually perceived as a challenge; in this letter, we argue that it enables efficient secret key sharing that is unconditionally secure from passive eavesdroppers by building on packet erasures. We showcase the potential of our approach in two setups: 5G networks and vehicle platooning. In both cases, with the right choice of parameters, we can potentially establish keys in the order of tenths of Mb/s. These first results are based on some simplifying assumptions, yet we believe that they give incentives to further explore such techniques.
Fast action detection with web camera

Although a great success has been achieved on action detection tasks by using "bag of features" architecture as video representations, action detection with web camera still remains a challenge. Most of these algorithms can extract features either sparsely at interest points or densely on regular grids, usually, sampling densely can get better results than sampling sparsely using the local descriptors. Here, we optimize the inputs information based on moving detection in the human visual system. Firstly, we employ change detection mask (CDM) algorithms to find informative regions which are estimated from the region getting by moving detection. Then, the feature descriptors, namely histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), are extracted corresponding to these mask regions. Finally, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used to recognize characters with pooling and encoding strategy. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a better performance even in the real world action detection using web camera and at the same time accelerates the speed of detection compared to the conventional method.
Using in-game shot trajectories to better understand defensive impact in the NBA

As 3-point shooting in the NBA continues to increase, the importance of perimeter defense has never been greater. Perimeter defenders are often evaluated by their ability to tightly contest shots, but how exactly does contesting a jump shot cause a decrease in expected shooting percentage, and can we use this insight to better assess perimeter defender ability? In this paper we analyze over 50,000 shot trajectories from the NBA to explain why, in terms of impact on shot trajectories, shooters tend to miss more when tightly contested. We present a variety of results derived from this shot trajectory data. Additionally, pairing trajectory data with features such as defender height, distance, and contest angle, we are able to evaluate not just perimeter defenders, but also shooters’ resilience to defensive pressure. Utilizing shot trajectories and corresponding modeled shot-make probabilities, we are able to create perimeter defensive metrics that are more accurate and less variable than traditional metrics like opponent field goal percentage.
Global stability analysis of neural networks with multiple time varying delays

In this note, we study the equilibrium and stability properties of neural networks with time varying delays. Our main results give sufficient conditions for the existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium point. The proposed conditions establish the relationships between network parameters of the neural systems and the delay parameters. The obtained results are applicable to all continuous nonmonotonic neuron activation functions and do not require the interconnection matrices to be symmetric. Some examples are also presented to compare our results with the previous results derived in the literature.
RetinaFace: Single-stage Dense Face Localisation in the Wild

Though tremendous strides have been made in uncontrolled face detection, accurate and efficient face localisation in the wild remains an open challenge. This paper presents a robust single-stage face detector, named RetinaFace, which performs pixel-wise face localisation on various scales of faces by taking advantages of joint extra-supervised and self-supervised multi-task learning. Specifically, We make contributions in the following five aspects: (1) We manually annotate five facial landmarks on the WIDER FACE dataset and observe significant improvement in hard face detection with the assistance of this extra supervision signal. (2) We further add a self-supervised mesh decoder branch for predicting a pixel-wise 3D shape face information in parallel with the existing supervised branches. (3) On the WIDER FACE hard test set, RetinaFace outperforms the state of the art average precision (AP) by 1.1% (achieving AP equal to 91.4%). (4) On the IJB-C test set, RetinaFace enables state of the art methods (ArcFace) to improve their results in face verification (TAR=89.59% for FAR=1e-6). (5) By employing light-weight backbone networks, RetinaFace can run real-time on a single CPU core for a VGA-resolution image. Extra annotations and code have been made available at: this https URL.
Complexity Results for Disjunctive Logic Programming and Application to Nonmonotonic Logics

Ben-Eliyahu and Dechter have shown that stable semantics of a large class of extended propositional disjunctive logic programs (EDLPs) can be eeciently expressed in the language of propositional logic. They left it as an open issue whether this possible for all such programs. We provide strong evidence that this is not so, which is a consequence of a precise complexity characterization of query answering problems for EDLPs. In particular, deciding the existence of an answer set and deciding occurrence of literals in any respectively every answer sets of a nite propositional EDLP are shown to be complete for classes within the polynomial hierarchy. The results have applications to nonmonotonic logics and provide new complexity results for autoepistemic logic and disjunctive default theories.
Serum Biomarkers of Iron Status and Risk of Primary Liver Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Hereditary hemochromatosis, a disease which causes iron overload, has been shown to increase liver cancer risk but the association between serum iron levels within non-hemochromatosis population and liver cancer risk is unclear. We investigated this association by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medline, Embase, and Scopus were searched to identify articles published up to January 2019. The search incorporated terms for liver cancer (hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma) and for serum iron (iron, ferritin, and transferrin). Briefly, nested case-control or cohort studies were included if they recorded a measure of iron, prior to diagnosis, and contained liver cancer patients and controls. Meta-analysis techniques were used to calculate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and investigate heterogeneity between studies. Nine relevant studies were identified. There was evidence of an association between high serum ferritin and primary liver cancer risk (six studies, HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.13, 1.96) and high serum iron and primary liver cancer risk (three studies, HR 2.47 95% CI 1.31, 4.63). However, these associations were subject to heterogeneity (I2 = 62%, P = 0.02 and I2=80%, P = 0.007, respectively). In conclusion, we found some evidence that increased iron levels was associated with primary liver cancer. The cause of this association merits additional research.
Prolonged International Normalized Ratio Correlates with a Large Intravascular Fluid Balance After Major Abdominal Surgery

We performed a prospective randomized study of 32 patients who had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy and did not receive blood during and after surgery. The patients were prospectively assigned to two groups related to fluid balance in the immediate postoperative period. Group 1 (14 patients) were maintained at a positive intravascular fluid balance of 0–1000 mL; Group 2 (18 patients) were maintained at a positive balance of 1000–2000 mL. Complete blood counts and coagulation tests (International Normalized Ratio) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were performed at three time points: the day before surgery, on arrival at the postanesthesia care unit, and on leaving the postanesthesia care unit (16 h later). There were significant differences in International Normalized Ratio values between the groups with deterioration during the time they were in the postanesthesia care unit but not in aPTT values. Positive correlation was found between the amount of positive fluid balance and International Normalized Ratio prolongation, but not with aPTT, suggesting that restricted intravascular fluid balance is beneficial for preservation of coagulation after major abdominal surgery.
Registration of Point Clouds Based on the Ratio of Bidirectional Distances

Despite the fact that original Iterative Closest Point(ICP) algorithm has been widely used for registration, itcannot tackle the problem when two point clouds are par-tially overlapping. Accordingly, this paper proposes a ro-bust approach for the registration of partially overlappingpoint clouds. Given two initially posed clouds, it firstlybuilds up bilateral correspondence and computes bidirec-tional distances for each point in the data shape. Based onthe ratio of bidirectional distances, the exponential functionis selected and utilized to calculate the probability value,which can indicate whether the point pair belongs to theoverlapping part or not. Subsequently, the probability val-ue can be embedded into the least square function for reg-istration of partially overlapping point clouds and a novelvariant of ICP algorithm is presented to obtain the optimalrigid transformation. The proposed approach can achievegood registration of point clouds, even when their overlappercentage is low. Experimental results tested on public da-ta sets illustrate its superiority over previous approaches onrobustness.
Apathy Is the Root of All Expressions

In this paper, we present a new statistical model for human faces. Our approach is built upon a tensor factorisation model that allows controlled estimation, morphing and transfer of new facial shapes and expressions. We propose a direct parametrisation and regularisation for person and expression related terms so that the training database is well utilised. In contrast to existing works we are the first to reveal that the expression subspace is star shaped. This stems from the fact that increasing the strength of an expression approximately forms a linear trajectory in the expression subspace, and all these linear trajectories intersect in a single point which corresponds to the point of no expression or the point of apathy. After centring our analysis to this point, we then demonstrate how the dimensionality of the expression subspace can be further reduced by projection pursuit with the help of the fourth-order moment tensor. The results show that our method is able to achieve convincing separation of the person specific and expression subspaces as well as flexible, natural modelling of facial expressions for wide variety of human faces. By the proposed approach, one can morph between different persons and different expressions even if they do not exist in the database. In contrast to the state-of-the-art, the morphing works without causing strong deformations. In the application of expression classification, the results are also better.
Exposure to Herbicides Primes P450-Mediated Detoxification of Helicoverpa armigera against Insecticide and Fungal Toxin

With the long-term and large-scale use, herbicides have been well known to influence tritrophic interactions particularly natural enemies of pests in agro-ecosystems. On the other hand, herbivorous insects, especially the generalist pests, have developed antagonistic interaction to different insecticides, toxic plant secondary metabolites and even heavy metals. However, whether exposure to herbicides would affect resistance of insects against insecticides is largely unknown, especially in agricultural pests. Here, we first reported that pre-exposure to two widely used herbicides butachlor and haloxyfop-methyl for 48 h can prime resistance of a generalist agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera Hübner against insecticide methomyl and fungal toxin aflatoxin B1. In addition, there were no significant differences between control and herbicides-treated caterpillars on weight gain, pupal weight and pupation rates, suggesting that exposure to herbicides induce resistance of H. armigera accompanied with no fitness cost. Moreover, by determining detoxifying enzyme activities and toxicity bioassay with additional inhibitor of cytochrome P450 piperonyl butoxide (PBO), we showed that exposure to herbicides might prime P450-mediated detoxification of H. armigera against insecticide. Based on these results, we propose that exposure to herbicides primes resistance of H. armigera against insecticide by eliciting a clear elevation of predominantly P450 monooxygenase activities in midgut and fat body.
Linear filter design for continuous-time polynomial systems with ℒ2-gain guaranteed bound

This paper proposes a technique for the design of full and reduced-order linear filters for continuous-time polynomial systems satisfying a prescribed induced ℒ2-gain. The filter variables appear affinely in a polynomial inequality and are computed by solving a semidefinite program (SDP). Bounds on the filter performance, established in terms of the induced ℒ2 norms between the input noise and the filtering error are then assessed via polynomial storage functions. Results from numerical experiments are presented.
Diffusion MR imaging acquisition and analytics for microstructural delineation in pre‐clinical models of TBI

Significant progress has been made toward improving both the acquisition of clinical diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data and its analysis in the uninjured brain, through various techniques including a large number of model‐based solutions that have been proposed to fit for multiple tissue compartments, and multiple fibers per voxel. While some of these techniques have been applied to clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, the majority of these technological enhancements have yet to be fully implemented in the preclinical arena of TBI animal model‐based research. In this review, we describe the requirement for preclinical, MRI‐based efforts to provide systematic confirmation of the applicability of some of these models as indicators of tissue pathology within the injured brain. We review how current DWI techniques are currently being used in animal TBI models, and describe how both acquisition and analytic techniques could be extended to leverage the progress made in clinical work. Finally, we highlight remaining gaps in the preclinical pipeline from data acquisition to final analysis that currently have no real, preclinical‐based correlate.
Convergent recombination cessation between mating-type genes and centromeres in selfing anther-smut fungi

The degree of selfing has major impacts on adaptability and is often controlled by molecular mechanisms determining mating compatibility. Changes in compatibility systems are therefore important evolutionary events, but their underlying genomic mechanisms are often poorly understood. Fungi display frequent shifts in compatibility systems, and their small genomes facilitate elucidation of the mechanisms involved. In particular, linkage between the pre- and postmating compatibility loci has evolved repeatedly, increasing the odds of gamete compatibility under selfing. Here, we studied the mating-type chromosomes of two anther-smut fungi with unlinked mating-type loci despite a self-fertilization mating system. Segregation analyses and comparisons of high-quality genome assemblies revealed that these two species displayed linkage between mating-type loci and their respective centromeres. This arrangement renders the same improved odds of gamete compatibility as direct linkage of the two mating-type loci under the automictic mating (intratetrad selfing) of anther-smut fungi. Recombination cessation was found associated with a large inversion in only one of the four linkage events. The lack of trans-specific polymorphism at genes located in nonrecombining regions and linkage date estimates indicated that the events of recombination cessation occurred independently in the two sister species. Our study shows that natural selection can repeatedly lead to similar genomic patterns and phenotypes, and that different evolutionary paths can lead to distinct yet equally beneficial responses to selection. Our study further highlights that automixis and gene linkage to centromeres have important genetic and evolutionary consequences, while being poorly recognized despite being present in a broad range of taxa.