Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Preconception Counseling Program for Teens With Type 1 Diabetes (READY-Girls) on Patient-Provider Interaction, Resource Utilization, and Cost

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a preconception counseling program tailored for teens with type 1 diabetes on cognitive, psychosocial, and behavioral outcomes and to assess its cost-effectiveness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 88 teens with type 1 diabetes from two sites were randomized into the READY-Girls (Reproductive-health Education and Awareness of Diabetes in Youth for Girls) intervention (IG) (n = 43) or standard care (SC) (n = 45) groups. During three diabetes clinic visits, IG subjects viewed a two-part CD-ROM, read a book, and met with a nurse. Program effectiveness was measured by knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and behaviors regarding diabetes, pregnancy, sexuality, and preconception counseling. Assessments occurred at baseline, before and after viewing program materials, and at 9 months. Economic analyses included an assessment of resource utilization, direct medical costs, and a break-even cost analysis. RESULTS Age range was 13.2–19.7 years (mean ± SD 16.7 ± 1.7 years); 6% (n = 5) were African American, and 24% (n = 21) were sexually active. Compared with baseline and SC subjects, IG subjects demonstrated a significant group-by-time interaction for benefit and knowledge of preconception counseling and reproductive health: increasing immediately after the first visit (P < 0.001) and being sustained for 9 months (P < 0.05 benefits; P < 0.001 knowledge). For IG subjects, preconception counseling barriers decreased over time (P < 0.001), and intention and initiation of preconception counseling and reproductive health discussions increased (P < 0.001). Costs of adverse reproductive outcomes are high. Direct medical costs of READY-Girls were low. CONCLUSIONS READY-Girls was beneficial and effects were sustained for at least 9 months. This low-cost self-instructional program can potentially empower young women with type 1 diabetes to make well-informed reproductive health choices, adding little time burden or cost to their diabetes management.
High-order syndrome testing for VLSI circuits

This paper, based on the well-known syndrome testing, introduces some new concepts of so called high-order syndrome testing for VLSI circuits to improve the efficiency of the method. Syndrome testing has been developed for years in the areas of testing. It is known that the syndrome testing is one of the exhaustive ways of testing, which could be one of the main barriers to widespread acceptance of the exhaustive way of testing since it could be time-consuming when the number of input variables is growing. In this paper, a novel concept called partial syndrome testing is presented in which the traditional syndrome is divided into several parts such that it contains at least two advantages comparing to that of traditional one: (1) increasing the fault coverage and (2) reducing the testing time, therefore, to improve the efficiency of the testing. Procedure of deriving the partial syndrome is described in detail. Experimental results on benchmark as well as other circuits are also given to evaluate the performances of this new approach.
Bile Duct Damage after Cold Storage of Deceased Donor Livers Predicts Biliary Complications after Liver Transplantation: 794

Propose: The impact of arterial ex-situ back-table perfusion on ischemic type biliary lesions (ITBL) after liver transplantation was investigated. Method: Between October 2007 and March 2010, 299 consecutively retrieved livers were included in a prospective randomized controlled multi-center study to compare aortal perfusion (group A) with aortal perfusion plus additional arterial ex situ back-table perfusion (group B). Randomization was performed after hepatectomy during organ procurement. The grafts were shipped to 14 participating centers in Germany. Primary end point was the occurrence of ITBL 6 months after liver transplantation as demonstrated clinically and by bile duct imaging (ERCP or MRI). Secondary end points were initial liver function and ischemia reperfusion injury. Results: Two hundred ninety-nine grafts were randomized. Out of them 264 were allocated and transplanted in the participating centers. For a preliminary evaluation, data sets of 155 (group A: n=76, group B: n=79) patients and results of imaging of 71 patients were available. Age and gender of donors and recipients, cold and warm ischemia time were identical in group A and B. Mortality and retransplantation rate were comparable (p=0.348 and p=0.357, respectively). The rates of clinically ITBL apparent after 6 months were 12% and 14% (p=0.832), those of radiologically apparent lesions 40% and 46% (p=0.407). Development of ITBL was marginally influenced by cold (p=0.06) and warm (p=0.05) ischemia time but not by donor age, transaminases, gamma-glutamyltransreferase, bilirubin, use of norepinephrine in the donor, ICU stay and MELD score. Laboratory parameters in recipients were identical irrespective of the mode of perfusion. Conclusion: Exsitu back table perfusion neither prevents ischemic type biliary lesions nor does it affect initial liver function and ischemia reperfusion injury after liver transplantation. 794
Selection Forward Routing (SFR): An On-Demand Routing Protocol for Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Flooding mechanism is widely used in ad hoc networks for its high reliability and coverage rate. However, flooding is inefficient for its large number of redundant messages and extortionate energy consumption. To support rapid route discovery without introducing too much route discovery traffic, an on-demand routing protocol for mobile wireless ad hoc networks, called Selection Forward Routing (SFR), is proposed in this paper. SFR carries on a constrained message forwarding for route discovery based on the node connectivity degree, which can consequently reduce the number of redundant messages introduced by flooding. SFR also integrates a better path search mechanism to try finding a better path to the specified destination node, while keeping the route discovery traffic relatively low. The simulation results show that in a mobile wireless ad hoc network, SFR has the same reliability and performance on route discovery as the flooding routing protocol, while reducing 30.2% energy consumption and 56.1% redundant messages introduced by the flooding routing protocol.
Exploring lived experience

Understanding experience is the very bread and butter of psychology, and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA: Smith, 1996) offers psychologists the opportunity to learn from the insights of the experts – research participants themselves. What is it like to experience auditory hallucinations, or chronic pain, for example? How can we better understand the decisions that people make, about issues as diverse as safe-sex practices, genetic testing, drug use or participation in dangerous sports? In this article we describe the recent development of IPA and show how it can help answer such questions.
Using Markov Models to Mine Temporal and Spatial Data

Markov models represent a powerful way to approach the problem of mining time and spatial signals whose variability is not yet fully understood. In this chapter, we will present a general methodology to mine different kinds of temporal and spatial signals having contrasting properties: continuous or discrete with few or many modalities. This methodology is based on a high order Markov modelling as implemented in a free software: carottAge (Gnu GPL)
The Embra System at DUC 2005: Query-oriented Multi-document Summarization with a Very Large Latent Semantic Space

We present the Embra system, a rst-time entry to DUC for 2005 which performed at or above median for the manual assessment of responsiveness and on 4 out of 5 linguistic quality questions. The system takes a novel approach to relevance and redundancy, modeling sentence similarity using a latent semantic space constructed over a very large corpus. We present a simple approach to modeling specicity based on named entities which shows a small improvement over baseline. Finally, we discuss coherence and present a sentence reordering algorithm with a componentlevel evaluation demonstrating a positive effect.
Detection of Android malware security on system calls

In order to detect the security of Android software which isn't installed efficiently and accurately, this paper proposes a new malware detection method based on system calls frequency. Software samples are pretreated by Classification to refine and distinguish characteristics of various types of Android software; Restrictions and normalization are applied to process system call frequency information to improve the detection accuracy. Combined with the characteristics of random forest algorithms and data obtained, optimal training model is set up, and ultimately Android software security is detected effectively. Through experiments, the detection accuracy rate of Android tool software and financial software more than 93 percent, with higher accuracy.
A modality congruency effect in verbal false memory

This experiment tests the modality congruency hypothesis, which suggests that in short-term recall of auditory or visual verbal information false memories can be suppressed more effectively if presentation modality and recall mode are in congruent relation (i.e., in oral recall of auditorily presented and written recall of visually presented materials). The experiment is based on the DRM paradigm (as used by Kellogg, 2001). The results demonstrate more intrusions if presentation and recall are in an incongruent relation than if they are in a congruent relation. This finding supports the assumption of a privileged pathway from the auditory input system to oral output on the one hand, and from the visual input system to written output on the other hand, which aids source monitoring.
Two-Sided Adoption of Mobile Marketing Platforms: Towards an Integrated Conceptual Model

This paper proposes an integrated conceptual model for analyzing user adoption behaviors towards mobile marketing platforms from a two-sided market perspective. Both the consumer side and the merchant side are modeled based on extending classical theories with newly introduced factors reflecting cross network effects, and the two sides are integrated in the overall model which reveals the dynamic interaction between the evolutions of the two user groups through the platform. The model is expected to extend the current scope of IT/IS adoption research, as well as to generate valuable contributions to the two-sided market literature. The design of an empirical test for the proposed model is also presented and discussed.
Synthesis of dual-band power divider using single transmission-line section

A new dual-band power divider with single transmission-line section is proposed. In order to meet good matching property at two operating frequencies, shunting open/short stubs at each input/output port are introduced. The proposed power divider is synthesized based on admittance matrix. The closed-form equations and synthesis procedure are derived. As an example, a dual-band power divider (operating at 1 and 4.5 GHz) is designed, fabricated, and tested. Experimental results demonstrate that the return loss is better than 19.2 dB, the insertion loss is less than 0.59 dB, the isolation is better than 23.61 dB at two operation frequencies. The measured relative bandwidth of 15dB return loss is 35.9% and 12.4% for the lower and higher bands, respectively.
High Diversity and Low Specificity of Chaetothyrialean Fungi in Carton Galleries in a Neotropical Ant–Plant Association

New associations have recently been discovered between arboreal ants that live on myrmecophytic plants, and different groups of fungi. Most of the – usually undescribed – fungi cultured by the ants belong to the order Chaetothyriales (Ascomycetes). Chaetothyriales occur in the nesting spaces provided by the host plant, and form a major part of the cardboard-like material produced by the ants for constructing nests and runway galleries. Until now, the fungi have been considered specific to each ant species. We focus on the three-way association between the plant Tetrathylacium macrophyllum (Salicaceae), the ant Azteca brevis (Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) and various chaetothyrialean fungi. Azteca brevis builds extensive runway galleries along branches of T. macrophyllum. The carton of the gallery walls consists of masticated plant material densely pervaded by chaetothyrialean hyphae. In order to characterise the specificity of the ant–fungus association, fungi from the runway galleries of 19 ant colonies were grown as pure cultures and analyzed using partial SSU, complete ITS, 5.8S and partial LSU rDNA sequences. This gave 128 different fungal genotypes, 78% of which were clustered into three monophyletic groups. The most common fungus (either genotype or approximate species-level OTU) was found in the runway galleries of 63% of the investigated ant colonies. This indicates that there can be a dominant fungus but, in general, a wider guild of chaetothyrialean fungi share the same ant mutualist in Azteca brevis.
Effect of dimethylsulfoxide on the proliferation and glycosaminoglycan synthesis of rat prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PAIII) in vitro: Isolation and characterization of DMSO‐resistant cells

Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) modulates the tumorigenicity and other characteristics of some malignant cell lines in vitro. We have investigated DMSO effects on cell proliferation and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis in rat prostate adenocarcinoma (PAIII) cells in culture. DMSO inhibited cell proliferation and GAG synthesis and shedding. Cells that survived the initial exposure to 2.5% DMSO could be propagated in this concentration of the agent and were designated PAIII‐DMSO resistant (PAIII‐DMSOr). PAIII‐DMSOr cells showed reversible indications of increased differentiation such as decreased growth rate and saturation density. Although the PAIII‐DMSOr cells were grown in 2.5% DMSO, they had normal or elevated GAG content. The major GAG of both PAIII and PAIII‐DMSOr cells was undersulfated heparan sulfate. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker that reverses drug resistance in tumor cells, stimulated the growth of PAIII‐DMSOr cells in the presence of 2.5% DMSO, but was inhibitory in the absence of DMSO. Growth of PAIII cells was inhibited by the differentiating agents sodium butyrate and retinoic acid and by the ionophore monensin. Interestingly, growth of PAIII‐DMSOr cells in the presence of 2.5% DMSO was largely unaffected by sodium butyrate or retinoic acid. The results suggest that (1) PAIII‐DMSOr cells arise from the induction of a compensation mechanism to DMSO effects in a preexisting population of cells; (2) there is a correlation between GAG synthesis and cell proliferation; and (3) further study of the verapamil effect may help elucidate the mechanism of the DMSO‐induced differentiation of cancer cells.
VISO: Characterizing Malicious Behaviors of Virtual Machines with Unsupervised Clustering

Cloud computing has become one of the most dominant computation platforms in recent years. Security threats could be one of the major stunning blocks on this evolution road. While system vendors and cloud tenants benefit much from sharing resources in the cloud environment, security breaches can cause more significant damages of the cloud ecosystem than personal computers. Virtualization techniques facilitate the movement of intrusion detection system to cloud-host operating systems with virtual machine management by observing behaviors of virtual machines (VMs). However, a VM-based detection system inherits the semantic gap problem: it is needed the ability to reveal (malicious) behaviors of VMs from observed data. We propose an automatic and systematic analysis framework for charactering malware behaviors using unsupervised clustering. This framework consists of three phases: (1) unsupervised clustering on behaviors of VMs, (2) supervised classification rule derivation, and (3) online system detection. Specifically, we collect and cluster system call distributions of VMs within a small period as samples, identify clusters that contain only samples from malicious VMs, and derive detection rules by extracting features of these malicious clusters. VMs that have been observed their system call distributions falling into a malicious cluster are considered to be malicious. We have integrated the presented framework with OpenStack and develop a prototype online monitoring system, called VISO. We conduct several experiments against common attacks, showing the effectiveness of VISO on clustering, classifying and detecting malicious behaviors of VMs.
Impact of Technology

Overview The heathcare academic literature seems to be saturated with articles on technology. The articles in this section are intended to be representative, covering a wide range of topics relating to the impact of technology on the healthcare system. Most articles assume that the overall impact is positive and focus on how to assess technology as it changes or what to do in light of its rapid and continuing advancement. Although these articles indicate overwhelming belief that technology’s impact is one of potentially great benefit, different levels of caution accompany this positive assessment.
Making TSUBAME2.0, the world's greenest production supercomputer, even greener — Challenges to the architects

Supercomputers of the past were “performance at all cost” including power consumption, but nowadays supercomputers require even higher power-performance efficiencies than normal computers. For the past 25 years the ratio of supercomputer performance increase has constantly exceeded the so-called “Moore's Law”, but this has been partly achieved by increasing the size and thus the power requirement of the machine; such power increase is no longer viable because the machines have gotten too big. Our new project “JST-CREST ULP-HPC” and the new TSUBAME2.0 supercomputer we have built at Tokyo Institute of Technology aims to obtain utmost power efficiency in HPC. TSUBAME2.0 has been recognized as the “Greenest Production Supercomputer in the World” in the Green 500 rakings in November, 2010.
On the risks of stocks in the long run: a probabilistic approach based on measures of shortfall risk

The present paper examines the long-term risks of a representative one-time investment in German stocks (DAX/0) in real terms relative to various risk free investments (returns of 0%, 2% and 4% in real terms) as well as relative to a representative investment in German bonds (REXP). As underlying risk measures the shortfall probability, the mean excess loss (conditional shortfall expectation) as well as the product of these two measures, the shortfall expectation have been used. One main structural result is that the mean excess loss is monotonously increasing over time. This reveals a long-term worst case-characteristic of a stock investment.
Multifrontal Factorization of Sparse SPD Matrices on GPUs

Solving large sparse linear systems is often the most computationally intensive component of many scientific computing applications. In the past, sparse multifrontal direct factorization has been shown to scale to thousands of processors on dedicated supercomputers resulting in a substantial reduction in computational time. In recent years, an alternative computing paradigm based on GPUs has gained prominence, primarily due to its affordability, power-efficiency, and the potential to achieve significant speedup relative to desktop performance on regular and structured parallel applications. However, sparse matrix factorization on GPUs has not been explored sufficiently due to the complexity involved in an efficient implementation and concerns of low GPU utilization. In this paper, we present an adaptive hybrid approach for accelerating sparse multifrontal factorization based on a judicious exploitation of the processing power of the host CPU and GPU. We present four different policies for distributing and scheduling the workload between the host CPU and the GPU, and propose a mechanism for a runtime selection of the appropriate policy for each step of sparse Cholesky factorization. This mechanism relies on auto-tuning based on modeling the best policy predictor as a parametric classifier. We estimate the classifier parameters from the available empirical computation time data such that the expected computation time is minimized. This approach is readily adaptable for using the current or an extended set of policies for different CPU-GPU combinations as well as for different combinations of dense kernels for both the CPU and the GPU.
A 2.5 GHz BiCMOS transceiver for wireless LAN

A low-cost Si IC contains most of the elements required to realize the RF transmit and receive paths of a 2.5 GHz WLAN transceiver meeting 802.11 requirements. External filters and a power amplifier complete the RF front-end. The 2.73 mm/sup 2/ die is mounted in a 24-pin plastic package (TSSOP24). A low-noise amplifier (LNA) is switchable between high (14 dB) and low-gain (-13 dB) modes. High-gain mode with 2.2 dB NF, P-1dB=-15dBm input and IP3=-3dBm input is utilized in weak signal conditions. Low-gain mode with P-1dB=+5dBm input and IP3=+17dBm input can be selected in moderate-to-strong signal conditions. The signal goes off-chip from the LNA to an external image-rejection filter and is then input to the receive mixer via pin 19, that is also shared by the upconversion mixer output. This allows use of the same external filter in both transmit and receive modes. Both mixers are driven by an on-chip local oscillator (LO) buffer that has full-frequency and half-frequency input options, selectable via the LO switch at pin 11. An on-chip frequency doubler in the LO buffer with on-chip LC filters deliver a full-frequency LO signal to the selected mixer with half-frequency LO inputs.
The Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society consensus guidelines for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in relation to pregnancy

Strict control of blood glucose levels should be pursued before conception and maintained throughout the pregnancy (glycohaemoglobin [HbA1c] level as close as possible to the reference range). Before conception: ➢high‐dose (5 mg daily) folate supplementation should be commenced; ➢oral hypoglycaemic agents should be ceased; and ➢diabetes complications screening should take place. Management should be by a multidisciplinary team experienced in the management of diabetes in pregnancy. Blood glucose monitoring is mandatory during pregnancy, and targets are: fasting 4.0–5.5 mmol/L; postprandial < 8.0 mmol/L at 1 hour; < 7 mmol/L at 2 hours. A first trimester nuchal translucency (possibly with first trimester biochemical screening with pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A and β‐human chorionic gonadotropin) should be offered. Ultrasound should be performed for fetal morphology at 18–20 weeks, if required, for cardiac views at 24 weeks and for fetal growth at 28–30 and 34–36 weeks. Induction of labour or operative delivery should be based on obstetric and/or fetal indications. Level 3 neonatal nursing facilities may be required and should be anticipated when birth occurs before 36 weeks, or if there has been poor glycaemic control. Insulin requirements fall rapidly during labour and in the puerperium. At this time, close monitoring and adjustment of insulin therapy is necessary.