Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fundamental limits on the power consumption of encoding and decoding

We provide fundamental information-theoretic bounds on the required circuit wiring complexity and power consumption for encoding and decoding of error-correcting codes. These bounds hold for all codes and all encoding and decoding algorithms implemented within the paradigm of our VLSI model. This model essentially views computation on a 2-D VLSI circuit as a computation on a network of connected nodes. The bounds are derived based on analyzing information flow in the circuit. They are then used to show that there is a fundamental tradeoff between the transmit and encoding/decoding power, and that the total (transmit + encoding + decoding) power must diverge to infinity at least as fast as cube-root of log 1/pe, where Pe is the average block-error probability. On the other hand, for bounded transmit-power schemes, the total power must diverge to infinity at least as fast as square-root of log 1/Pe due to the burden of encoding/decoding.
Data Science for Food, Energy and Water: A Workshop Report

At the 22nd ACM SIGKDD conference on Knowledge and Data Discovery (KDD), a workshop on Data Science for Food, Energy andWater (DSFEW) was held to foster an interdisciplinary community intersecting data science and societally important domains of food, energy and water. The workshop included keynotes, panel discussion, presentations and posters, and introduced the emerging area of DSFEW to ACM SIGKDD audience, and triggered interdisciplinary idea-sharing in DSFEW research. The workshop website is sites.google. com/site/2016dsfew.
Acquiring classification rules by using adaptive resonance theory

We propose two on-line classification methods, ARTMAP<sub>ED</sub> and ARTMAP<sub>AW</sub>, which are based on adaptive resonance theory. ARTMAP<sub>ED</sub>, classifies cases on the basis of Euclidean distance and it incorporates category merging as a generalization technique. ARTMAP<sub>AW</sub> is the modification of ARTMAP<sub>ED</sub> to consider the importance of each attribute. The importance of attributes is updated through generalizing and specializing classification rules. Experimental results show that ARTMAP<sub>AW</sub> acquires better classification rules with fewer categories than ARTMAP<sub>ED</sub>, fuzzy ARTMAP and C4.5.
Complexity of Continuous , 3SAT-like Constraint Satisfaction Problems

Continuous constrained optimization is at the core of many real-world applications such as planning, scheduling, control, and diagnosis of physical systems (car, planes, factories). Effective constraintbased techniques must handle the complexity of real-world continuous constraint problems by dynamically adapting solvers to the structure of the problem. Toward this end, we analyze continuous constraint satisfaction problem formulations based on (discrete) 3-SAT problems, which have a strong relation between structure and search cost. We compare the search complexities of three different problem formulations and three randomized search algorithms. This allows us not only to compare different problems and solution approaches, but also to connect back to results from similar studies on SAT problems. In particular, we find that median search cost is characterized by simple parameters such as the constraint-to-variable ratio, and that discrete search algorithms such as GSAT have continuous counter-parts with similar behavior.
Generalized Moment Matching for the Linear Combination of Lognormal RVs - Application to Outage Analysis in Wireless Systems

Moving from the need for a simple and versatile method for outage computation in various contexts of interest in wireless communications, in this paper we propose a lognormal approximation for the linear combination of a set of lognormal random variables (RV) with one-sided random weights. The approximation is based on a generalization of the well known moment matching approximation (MMA) for the sum of lognormal RVs, and it allows quite simple handling of the power sum of interfering signals even in rather complicated scenarios. Specifically, composite multiplicative channel models with unequal parameters can be handled, and generic (unequal) correlation patterns for some channel components can be handled with reference to any pair of signals. At this stage of the computation, only moments of the random weights are required. The probability density function of the random weight for the useful signal component may be required in computing outage probability, and numerical methods may be only required to solve a single integral at this second stage. The suitability of the approximation is examined by evaluating outage performance for various values of system parameters in the context of interest of composite Nakagami-lognormal channels in reuse-based systems
Certain Investigations on Static Power Dissipation in various Nano-Scale CMOS D Flip-Flop Structures

In this paper the impact of existing leakage current reduction techniques on Various D Flip Flop Circuits are analyzed and summarized. As Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices are scaled down to nanometer ranges, Complementary MOS (CMOS) circuit’s total Power consumption has a new definition. Due to integration of millions of components and shrinking process technology, nowadays leakage power tends to play a major role in total power consumption. This fact has motivated a lot of researchers and technologists to choose leakage current minimization as their future work. This paper explores various D flip-flop topologies meant for different constraints such as speed, area and power. Proper selection of flip-flops is necessary in order to satisfy low power and high performance circuit. In this paper, different flip flop circuits are designed using 16nm Metal gate, High-K dielectric, Silicon on Insulator (SOI) Low Power Predictive Technology Model (PTM) file developed based on Berkeley Short Channel Insulated Gate MOSFET (BSIM) model equations. As the estimation of leakage at circuit level is of prime importance for VLSI engineers, this paper aims at implementation of both active and standby mode leakage power reduction techniques. Of the available techniques, six techniques are considered for the purpose of analysis namely Multi Threshold CMOS (MTCMOS), Super Cut-off CMOS (SCCMOS), Forced Transistor Stacking (FTS) and Sleepy Stack (SS). From the results, it is observed that MTCMOS and SCCMOS techniques produces lower power dissipation than the other techniques due to the ability of power gating. As there were no previous works reported related to comparison of power analysis of 16nm devices with the above leakage reduction techniques, in this paper a qualitative comparison is done with the help of TannerSPICE Circuit Simulation Tool. After a detailed analysis of the existing techniques, this paper concludes that same leakage reduction technique produce different power optimization levels for different architectures and employing a suitable technique for a particular architecture will be an effective way of reducing the leakage current and thereby static power.
A Stochastic Concurrent Constraint Based Framework to Model and Verify Biological Systems

Concurrent process calculi are powerful formalisms for modelling concurrent systems. The mathematical style underlying process calculi allow to both model and verify properties of a system, thus providing a concrete design methodology for complex systems. ntcc , a constraints-based calculus for modeling temporal non-deterministic and asynchronous behaviour of processes has been proposed recently. Process interactions in ntcc can be determined by partial information (i.e. constraints) accumulated in a global store. ntcc has also an associated temporal logic with a proof system that can be conveniently used to formally verify temporal properties of processes. We are interested in using ntcc to model the activity of genes in biological systems. In order to account for issues such as the basal rate of reactions or binding anities of molecular components, we believe that stochastic features must be added to the calculus. In this paper we propose an extension of ntcc with various stochastic constructs. We describe the syntax and semantics of this extension together with the new temporal logic and proof system associated with it. We show the relevance of the added features by modelling a non trivial biological system: the gene expression mechanisms of the virus. We argue that this model is both more elaborate and compact than the stochastic calculus model proposed recently for the same system.
The role of asenapine in the treatment of manic or mixed states associated with bipolar I disorder

Background: Bipolar disorders (BD) are of particular public health significance as they are prevalent, severe and disabling, and often associated with elevated risks of premature mortality. The aim of this concise overview is to investigate the role of asenapine in the treatment of manic and mixed states associated with BD type 1 disorder. Method: MedLine, Excerpta Medica and PsycINFO searches were performed to identify papers in English published over the past 7 years. Search terms were “asenapine”, “manic” OR “mixed states”, “bipolar I disorder”. Subjects included in this study suffered from BD type 1 disorder. Results: To date, only four studies of asenapine for the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with BD type 1 have been published. Conclusion: Research indicates that asenapine is generally well-tolerated, and that asenapine is efficacious and not inferior to olanzapine in the treatment of mixed or manic episodes associated with BD type 1 in the short-term and long-term.
Nonadiabatic interaction between a charged particle and an MHD pulse

Interaction between a magnetohydrody- namic (MHD) pulse and a charged particle is discussed both numerically and theoretically. Charged particles can be accelerated efficiently in the presence of spatially corre- lated MHD waves, such as short large amplitude magnetic structures, by successive mirror reflection (Fermi process). In order to understand this process, we study the reflection probability of particles by the MHD pulses, focusing on the adiabaticity on the particle motion. When the particle velocity is small (adiabatic regime), the probability that the particle is reflected by the MHD pulse is essentially determined only by the pitch angle, independent from the velocity. On the other hand, in the non-adiabatic regime, the reflection probability is inversely proportional to the square root of the normalized velocity. We discuss our numerical as well as analytical results of the interaction process with various pulse amplitude, pulse shape, and the pulse winding number. The reflection probability is universally represented as a power law function independent from above pulse properties.
Physiotherapy as bricolage: Theorizing expert practice

Theories about how knowledge is sought and applied in clinical practice are often referred to as practice epistemologies, and have not been extensively explored in the physiotherapy profession. Tacit assumptions about what counts as physiotherapy knowledge thus form the basis for many approaches to gaining and using information in practice. The purpose of this paper is to propose a physiotherapy practice epistemology, through the notion of the bricoleur, which takes an alternative approach to understanding how knowledge might best be viewed in relation to physiotherapy. The term bricoleur refers to a handyman or handywoman who uses all tools and types of knowledge available. The notion of physiotherapists as bricoleurs recognizes that all practice knowledge is situated within social, cultural, and historical contexts that shape our beliefs about what counts as physiotherapy knowledge. This recognition leads physiotherapists who act as bricoleurs to embrace multiple epistemologies, discovering new ways of knowing and clinical reasoning strategies to provide a more holistic approach to physiotherapy practice. The relationships between expertise in clinical reasoning and the epistemology of the bricoleur are then addressed, explicating the utility of multiple epistemologies in achieving excellent physiotherapy care. A bricoleur's epistemology is then applied to the concept of expertise in physiotherapy, de-stabilizing the notion that a single authoritative approach to the practice of physiotherapy ought to be idealized.
Model Reduction Via Limited Frequency Interval Gramians

An improved frequency domain interval Gramian-based model reduction scheme for discrete time systems is presented. It is first shown that two of the main results presented in the model reduction method of are incorrect. Improved methods which overcomes these shortcomings are then presented. Improved methods not only yields stable reduced-order models but also have easily computable frequency response error bounds. The method is further extended to 2-D separable denominator system approximation. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
On the capability of an SOM based intrusion detection system

An approach to network intrusion detection is investigated, based purely on a hierarchy of Self-Organizing Feature Maps. Our principle interest is to establish just how far such an approach can be taken in practice. To do so, the KDD benchmark dataset from the International Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Tools Competition is employed. This supplies a connection-based description of a factitious computer network in which each connection is described in terms of 41 features. Unlike previous approaches, only 6 of the most basic features are employed. The resulting system is capable of detection (false positive) rates of 89% (4.6%), where this is at least as good as the alternative data-mining approaches that require all 41 features.
IAPSO: tales from the ocean frontier

Abstract. Our 21st century perspective on the oceans is due to the realization that knowledge of them and specifically their role in earth's climate are central to determining the future health of our planet. This present knowledge of the oceans builds on the farsighted work of people who, over the past century, worked to address seemingly intractable problems. The International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO) has, over that long time span, promoted and supported the international approach that is now commonplace and has championed the provision of cross-cutting activities, the value of which we now fully recognize. This paper describes the key events in IAPSO's history and the roles played by the scientists involved.
Probabilistic Construction of Semantic Symbols in Building Automation Systems

A method for the automatic discrimination of sensor and system behavior and construction of symbols with semantic meaning in a building automation system is introduced - SCRS (semantic concept recognition system). The automated method is based on statistical modelling of sensor behavior. A model of a sensor's value sequences is automatically constructed. The model's structure and parameters are optimized using an mini-batch model merging and parameter updating algorithm. Incoming sensor values are then conveyed to the model and the most probable path through the model to some particular state is computed. That classification can be interpreted as a semantic symbol or concept. The SCRS can be used as a security and care system for observation of persons and interpretation of scenarios. An example modelling a motion detector is discussed.
Three-dimensional structures of the free and antigen-bound Fab from monoclonal antilysozyme antibody HyHEL-63(,).

Antigen-antibody complexes provide useful models for studying the structure and energetics of protein-protein interactions. We report the cloning, bacterial expression, and crystallization of the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of the anti-hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) antibody HyHEL-63 in both free and antigen-bound forms. The three-dimensional structure of Fab HyHEL-63 complexed with HEL was determined to 2.0 A resolution, while the structure of the unbound antibody was determined in two crystal forms, to 1.8 and 2.1 A resolution. In the complex, 19 HyHEL-63 residues from all six complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the antibody contact 21 HEL residues from three discontinuous polypeptide segments of the antigen. The interface also includes 11 bound water molecules, 3 of which are completely buried in the complex. Comparison of the structures of free and bound Fab HyHEL-63 reveals that several of the ordered water molecules in the free antibody-combining site are retained and that additional waters are added upon complex formation. The interface waters serve to increase shape and chemical complementarity by filling cavities between the interacting surfaces and by contributing to the hydrogen bonding network linking the antigen and antibody. Complementarity is further enhanced by small (<3 A) movements in the polypeptide backbones of certain antibody CDR loops, by rearrangements of side chains in the interface, and by a slight shift in the relative orientation of the V(L) and V(H) domains. The combining site residues of complexed Fab HyHEL-63 exhibit reduced temperature factors compared with those of the free Fab, suggesting a loss in conformational entropy upon binding. To probe the relative contribution of individual antigen residues to complex stabilization, single alanine substitutions were introduced in the epitope of HEL recognized by HyHEL-63, and their effects on antibody affinity were measured using surface plasmon resonance. In agreement with the crystal structure, HEL residues at the center of the interface that are buried in the complex contribute most to the binding energetics (DeltaG(mutant) - DeltaG(wild type) > 3.0 kcal/mol), whereas the apparent contributions of solvent-accessible residues at the periphery are much less pronounced (<1.5 kcal/mol). In the latter case, the mutations may be partially compensated by local rearrangements in solvent structure that help preserve shape complementarity and the interface hydrogen bonding network.
EMD based clear recursive thresholding (EMD-CRT) for speech enhancement

In this paper, a novel speech enhancement approach was proposed to improve the quality of the speech contaminated with various types of non-stationary noises. An EMD based clear recursive thresholding (EMD-CRT) approach was proposed in this approach, inspired by wavelet thresholding. This approach performs the thresholding operation on the noisy speech recursively, such that the non-stationary noises are getting filtered effectively. To evaluate the performance, the proposed approach was tested under various levels of SNR and also for various types of non-stationary noises like babble noise, car noise, restaurant noise and airport noise. A comparative analysis was also done with earlier approach to check the performance of the proposed approach. A subjective speech quality evaluation was also done by performing the mean opinion score (MOS).
Intermolecular and Interdomain Interactions of a Dynamin-related GTP-binding Protein, Dnm1p/Vps1p-like Protein*

Dnm1p/Vps1p-like protein (DVLP) is a mammalian member of the dynamin GTPase family, which is classified into subfamilies on the basis of the structural similarity. Mammalian dynamins constitute the dynamin subfamily. DVLP belongs to the Vps1 subfamily, which also includes yeast Vps1p and Dnm1p. Typical structural features that discriminate between members of the Vps1 and dynamin subfamilies are that the former lacks the pleckstrin homology and Pro-rich domains. Dynamin exists as tetramers under physiological salt conditions, whereas under low salt conditions, it can polymerize into spirals that resemble the collar structures seen at the necks of constricted coated pits. In this study, we found that DVLP is also oligomeric, probably tetrameric, under physiological salt conditions and forms sedimentable large aggregates under low salt conditions. The data indicate that neither the pleckstrin homology nor Pro-rich domain is required for the self-assembly. Analyses using the two-hybrid system and co-immunoprecipitation show that the N-terminal region containing the GTPase domain and a domain (DVH1) conserved across members of the dynamin and Vps1 subfamilies, can interact with the C-terminal region containing another conserved domain (DVH2). The data on the interdomain interaction of DVLP is compatible with the previous reports on the interdomain interaction of dynamin. Thus, the self-assembly mechanism of DVLP appears to resemble that of dynamin, suggesting that DVLP may also be involved in the formation of transport vesicles.
Predicting RDF triples in incomplete knowledge bases with tensor factorization

On RDF datasets, the truth values of triples are known when they are either explicitly stated or can be inferred using logical entailment. Due to the open world semantics of RDF, nothing can be said about the truth values of triples that are neither in the dataset nor can be logically inferred. By estimating the truth values of such triples, one could discover new information from the database thus enabling to broaden the scope of queries to an RDF base that can be answered, support knowledge engineers in maintaining such knowledge bases or recommend users resources worth looking into for instance. In this paper, we present a new approach to predict the truth values of any RDF triple. Our approach uses a 3-dimensional tensor representation of the RDF knowledge base and applies tensor factorization techniques that take open world semantics into account to predict new true triples given already observed ones. We report results of experiments on real world datasets comparing different tensor factorization models. Our empirical results indicate that our approach is highly successful in estimating triple truth values on incomplete RDF datasets.
Evaluation and optimization of parameters in the measurement for airborne scanner using response surface method

This paper aims to evaluate the working parameters and try to make an optimized use of the parameters which affect the measurement accuracy of airborne scanner. First, based on response surface method, three levels of configuration values of each parameter are selected, respectively, and 53 response surface experiments are designed. Second, three-dimensional coordinate errors of the scan points in each response surface experiment are calculated by comparing the coordinates measured by airborne scanner and common measuring apparatus. Third, by analyzing the experimental error through response surface method, the optimum configuration values of the parameters are determined. Meanwhile, the configuration characteristics and change laws of each parameter on three-dimensional coordinate errors are also realized. Results show that the most influencing parameters are flight height, flight speed, ground feature, aspect angle, scan frequency, and course angle. The optimum values for these parameters are found to be 46.14 m/s for flight speed, type 2 for ground feature, 88 Hz for scan frequency, 54.4° for course angle, 24.12° for aspect angle, and 215.92 m for flight height. The verification experiments showed that the predicted values from the response surface method are quite close to the experimental values, which validate the proposed approach.