Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identifying Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder with the WISC—R and the Stroop Color and Word Test.

Twenty-nine children with a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) were compared to a group of 21 emotionally disturbed (ED) children and a control group (CO) of 20 nonproblem children. The meaures used in the comparison were the 12 subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT). The results showed that the CO group was superior to the ADHD and ED groups and that the ED group performed better than the ADHD group on most of the variables. A stepwise discriminant function analysis showed that similar WISC-R subtests differentiated between the ADHD group and the ED and CO groups. Two measures of the SCWT helped in discriminating between the ADHD and ED groups, but not between the ADHD and CO groups. The authors discuss the meaning of these findings and their contribution to better understanding of the ADHD group, its specific cognitive processing, and its problems.
Torque Ripple Reduction in Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Using the Principle of Mutual Harmonics Exclusion

The interior permanent magnet (IPM) synchronous machine is vulnerable to developing significant amounts of current-induced ripple torque depending on the details of the machine design. Building on the contributions of earlier researchers, this paper approaches the problem of torque ripple reduction in IPM machines by applying the principle of mutual harmonics exclusion. First, this paper develops a useful analytical expression for the torque ripple that highlights the stator-rotor harmonic interactions. Next, an analytical design procedure for IPM rotors with multiple flux barriers is proposed that applies the mutual harmonics exclusion principle in combination with stator windings that use odd numbers of slots per pole pair. Finally, the technique is applied to two example IPM machines to investigate the effectiveness of this approach using finite element analysis. Promising results predict that a low peak-to-peak torque ripple can be achieved using relatively small numbers of stator slots and rotor flux barriers for the full range of current control angles, including deep flux weakening.
Endoscopic Treatment of Biliary Fistulas After Complex Liver Resection

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment for biliary fistulas after complex liver resection. Background:The role of endoscopy in the treatment of fistulas of the common bile duct is well documented. On the contrary, results of endoscopic procedures for fistulas arising from peripheral bile ducts after liver resections are poorly studied, although more complex hepatectomies are increasingly performed. We analyzed retrospectively the results of these procedures in our experience. Patients:Twenty-six patients aged 10 to 74 years were included. Fistulas arose after extended right hepatectomy, n = 14; extended left hepatectomy, n = 2; segmentectomy, n = 7; and split-liver transplantation, n = 3. All patients underwent radiologic or surgical external drainage before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Mean bile outflow before endoscopy was 493.1 ± 386.1 mL/24 h (median, 400; range, 100–2000 mL). The mean time from surgery to diagnosis was 29.4 ±45.5 days. Results:The ERCP was performed after a median of 13 days after the diagnosis of biliary fistula. A sphincterotomy was required in 96.1% of patients. A 5F to 10F polyethylene stent bypassing the leaking bile duct was implanted in 21 (80.7%) of 26 patients. Fistulas were dried up completely in 25 (96.1%) of 26 patients. The mean time from initial ERCP to running dry of the leaks was 17.5 ± 12.4 days. Procedure-related morbidity was 0%. There was no mortality. Conclusion:Biliary fistulas arising from intrahepatic ducts after complex liver resections are more difficult to treat than distal fistulas arising from the common bile duct. However, despite a longer time for cure and the need for repeated ERCP, endoscopic therapy appears efficient and does not induce additional morbidity.
Power and Sadomasochism

A large sample of 14,306 men and women was used to examine the relationship between social power and sexual arousal to consensual sadomasochism. Results showed that power increases the arousal to sadomasochism, after controlling for age and dominance. Furthermore, the effect of power on arousal by sadistic thoughts is stronger among women than among men, while the effect of power on arousal by masochistic thoughts is stronger among men than women. These findings refute common beliefs, reinforced through novels such as Fifty Shades of Grey, that the desire for sadomasochism reflects a desire to play out power dynamics in the bedroom. Instead, the effect of power is driven through a process of disinhibition that leads people to disregard sexual norms in general and disregard sexual norms associated with their gender in particular. These results add to an emerging literature that social power changes traditional gender patterns in sex.
Present-Day Nearshore pH Differentially Depresses Fertilization in Congeneric Sea Urchins

Ocean acidification impacts fertilization in some species of sea urchin, but whether sensitivity is great enough to be influenced by present-day pH variability has not been documented. In this study, fertilization in two congeneric sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and S. franciscanus, was found to be sensitive to reduced pH, <7.50, but only within a range of sperm-egg ratios that was species-specific. By further testing fertilization across a broad range of pH, pH-fertilization curves were generated and revealed that S. purpuratus was largely robust to pH, while fertilization in S. franciscanus was sensitive to even modest reductions in pH. Combining the pH-fertilization response curves with pH data collected from these species’ habitat demonstrated that relative fertilization success remained high for S. purpuratus but could be as low as 79% for S. franciscanus during periods of naturally low pH. In order for S. franciscanus to maintain high fertilization success in the present and future, adequate adult densities, and thus sufficient sperm-egg ratios, will be required to negate the effects of low pH. In contrast, fertilization of S. purpuratus was robust to a broad range of pH, encompassing both present-day and future ocean acidification scenarios, even though the two congeners have similar habitats.
Conditional versus unconditional risk estimates in models of aids-related risk behaviour

Abstract This study focuses on the concept of perceived risk and its relations to behavioural intentions and behaviour. Most research on health related behaviour employs a measure of unconditional risk. Given the inconsistent findings concerning the relationship between perceived risk and behavioural measures in the health literature, we investigated the usefulness of a conditional risk estimate as an alternative measure. In total, 247 heterosexual visitors of a STD-clinic participated in this study. Hundred participants had private partners only, 147 engaged in prostitution contacts. The relationship between the unconditional measure of perceived risk and behavioural intentions was found to be dependent upon sample-differences. However, it appeared that when a conditional risk estimate was used, a significant positive relation with intention was observed, regardless of the risk-status of the sample. Given the results of the present study, and the closer resemblance of the conditional risk measure to the .
Global and regional decreases in tropospheric oxidants from photochemical effects of aerosols

[1] We evaluate the sensitivity of tropospheric OH, O3, and O3 precursors to photochemical effects of aerosols not usually included in global models: (1) aerosol scattering and absorption of ultraviolet radiation and (2) reactive uptake of HO2, NO2, and NO3. Our approach is to couple a global 3-D model of tropospheric chemistry (GEOS-CHEM) with aerosol fields from a global 3-D aerosol model (GOCART). Reactive uptake by aerosols is computed using reaction probabilities from a recent review (γHO2 = 0.2, γNO2 = 10−4, γNO3 = 10−3). Aerosols decrease the O3 → O(1D) photolysis frequency by 5–20% at the surface throughout the Northern Hemisphere (largely due to mineral dust) and by a factor of 2 in biomass burning regions (largely due to black carbon). Aerosol uptake of HO2 accounts for 10–40% of total HOx radical (≡ OH + peroxy) loss in the boundary layer over polluted continental regions (largely due to sulfate and organic carbon) and for more than 70% over tropical biomass burning regions (largely due to organic carbon). Uptake of NO2 and NO3 accounts for 10–20% of total HNO3 production over biomass burning regions and less elsewhere. Annual mean OH concentrations decrease by 9% globally and by 5–35% in the boundary layer over the Northern Hemisphere. Simulated CO increases by 5–15 ppbv in the remote Northern Hemisphere, improving agreement with observations. Simulated boundary layer O3 decreases by 15–45 ppbv over India during the biomass burning season in March and by 5–9 ppbv over northern Europe in August, again improving comparison with observations. We find that particulate matter controls would increase surface O3 over Europe and other industrial regions.
Predictive Control of a Three-Phase Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter

A new predictive strategy for current control of a three-phase neutral-point-clamped inverter is presented. The algorithm is based on a model of the system. From that model, the behavior of the system is predicted for each possible switching state of the inverter. The state that minimizes a given quality function is selected to be applied during the next sampling interval. Several compositions of are proposed, including terms dedicated to achieve reference tracking, balance in the dc link, and reduction of the switching frequency. In comparison to an established control method, the strategy presents a remarkable performance. The proposed method achieves comparable reference tracking with lower switching frequency per semiconductor and similar transient behavior. The main advantage of the method is that it does not require any kind of linear controller or modulation technique, achieving a different approach to control a power converter.
Robust project portfolio management: capability evolution and maturity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of project portfolio management (PPM) capability evolution, in order to guide the implementation and ongoing development of robust capabilities.Design/methodology/approach – This research adopts a dynamic capabilities perspective and draws on organizational learning theory to investigate the path‐dependent nature of PPM implementation and development. It employs a multiple‐case study of six organizations.Findings – Each of the case organizations reported a high level of evolution and change within their PPM capabilities, both purposeful and unintended. Potential “fragilities” are identified, such as the emergence of a “success trap” that inhibits explorative innovation and difficulties in stopping poor projects to reallocate resources. Based on findings from the literature and the multiple‐case study, a capability maturity model is proposed to assist in the development of robust PPM capabilities that will continue to evolve and stay relevant.
Linking spirituality to workplace benefits: An analysis of the Brazilian Candomblé

Spirituality has been an influential force for many people. Although often ignored in business settings, it has recently been a topic of heightened interest to managers and scholars worldwide. In Bahia, Brazil, the fundamentals of spirituality for some have existed through Candomblé and have been an integral part of the community including the workplace. Candomblé encompasses a variety of African religious traditions established in Brazil during the nineteenth century. This study examines the positive influences of the Brazilian Candomblé on workers and business life in Bahia. Through qualitative analysis, it offers organisational insights and managerial reflections that can be adapted and used in workplaces worldwide.
Efficient image compression based on seam carving for arbitrary resolution display devices

In mobile communications, image retargeting is generally required at the user end. The existing coding techniques do not support content-aware spatial scalability. The work presented in this paper addresses the increasing demand of compression techniques for arbitrary resolution display devices. This paper throws light on efficient content-aware compression of medical images. The principle of seam carving is incorporated into a wavelet codec. In the meantime, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is performed and DWT coefficients are grouped. The coefficients are encoded and decoded using SPIHT. The bit stream is then transmitted in energy descending order and the image can be reconstructed in a content-aware manner. Experimental results show that the retargeted image generated by the proposed technique preserve sensitive image content and has been proven efficient for medical images by achieving excellent compression performances.
Effects of Host Sex, Plant Species, and Putative Host Species on the Prevalence of Wolbachia in Natural Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): A Modified Nested PCR Study

ABSTRACT Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a globally distributed pest. One of the key endosymbionts in B. tabaci is Wolbachia, an &agr;-proteobacterium implicated in many important biological processes. Previous studies indicated that the infection frequency of Wolbachia in Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) varied greatly among populations in different areas. However, little is known about the factors that influence the prevalence of Wolbachia in B. tabaci. In this paper, 25 field populations were collected from different locations in China, and 1,161 individuals were screened for the presence of Wolbachia using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method, which targets the wsp gene, to confirm Wolbachia infection status. The prevalence of Wolbachia ranged from 1.54 to 66.67% within the 25 field populations, and the infection frequency of Wolbachia was affected significantly by the putative species of B. tabaci. The infection frequency (51.55%) of Wolbachia was significantly greater in native species than in the MED (25.65%) and MEAM1 (14.37%). With the exception of host plant, all factors, including putative species, geographic location, and the sex of the host, affected the Wolbachia infection frequency in whiteflies. Six Wolbachia strains were found and clustered into four distinct clades upon phylogenetic analyses. Furthermore, Wolbachia in B. tabaci have close relationships with those from other host species, including Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), Sogatella furcifera (Horvath), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), and Culex pipiens L. The results demonstrated the variation and diversity of Wolbachia in B. tabaci field populations, and that the application of nested PCR extended our knowledge of Wolbachia infection in B. tabaci, especially in invasive whiteflies.
Methodological Investigations of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale

In an open field study 4184 outpatients were assessed by 508 independent doctors using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). The results of the raw score distributions and item and factor analyses showed that the HAMA is unsuitable for differential diagnosis and, while showing a satisfactory degree of consistency, has relatively poor resolution. Departing from Hamilton's two-factor solution (1959), comparison of various solution models showed that a three-factor solution yields a stable and clinically useful item classification, which is also very similar to Hamilton's three-factor solution (1969).
Constraints on the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati Model from Recent Supernova Observations and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

Although there is mounting observational evidence that the expansion of our universe is undergoing a late-time acceleration, the mechanism for this acceleration is yet unknown. In the so-called Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model this phenomenon is attributed to gravitational "leakage" into extra dimensions. In this work, we mainly focus our attention on the constraints on the model from the "gold sample" of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the first-year data from the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS), and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) peak found in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). At 99.73% confidence level, the combination of the three databases provides Ωm = 0.270 and Ω = 0.216 (hence, a spatially closed universe with Ωk = -0.350), which seems to be in contradiction with the most recent WMAP results indicating a flat universe. Based on this result, we also estimated the transition redshift (at which the universe switches from deceleration to acceleration) to be 0.70 < zq=0 < 1.01, at 2 σ confidence level.
On the minimum subspace coding capacity of multiplicative finite-field matrix channels with a given rank distribution

In the scenario of random linear network coding, the channel input and output are matrices over a finite field related by a multiplicative channel matrix. Such channels are called the multiplicative finite-field matrix channels (MFFMC). To communicate over such channels, subspace coding is a promising non-coherent network coding approach which does not require the estimation of the channel matrix. The capacity of subspace coding over the general MFFMC is still unknown (except for some special cases, such as the purely random channel and the uniform full rank channel). In this paper, for a given rank distribution, a class of worst-case channels is characterized and proved to achieve the minimum capacity of subspace coding. Hence the capacity of such a class of channels can serve as the tightest lower bound on the capacity of subspace coding over the MFFMC. Interestingly, for the purely random channel, the uniform full rank channel and the uniform given rank channel, our bound gives the exact value of the capacity of subspace coding. Numerical results show that our bound is tighter than some existing bound at small-to-moderate packet lengths.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) inhibits cortical dendrites

One of the leading approaches to non-invasively treat a variety of brain disorders is transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, despite its clinical prevalence, very little is known about the action of TMS at the cellular level let alone what effect it might have at the subcellular level (e.g. dendrites). Here, we examine the effect of single-pulse TMS on dendritic activity in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex using an optical fiber imaging approach. We find that TMS causes GABAB-mediated inhibition of sensory-evoked dendritic Ca2+ activity. We conclude that TMS directly activates fibers within the upper cortical layers that leads to the activation of dendrite-targeting inhibitory neurons which in turn suppress dendritic Ca2+ activity. This result implies a specificity of TMS at the dendritic level that could in principle be exploited for investigating these structures non-invasively. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.13598. 001
Enhanced Flower Pollination Approach Applied to Electromagnetic Optimization

It is difficult to use the deterministic mathematical tools such as a gradient method to solve global optimization problems. Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a new nature-inspired algorithm of the swarm intelligence field to global optimization applications, based on the characteristics of flowering plants. To enhance the performance of the standard FPA, an enhanced FPA (EFPA) approach based on beta probability distribution was proposed in this paper. In order to verify the performance of the proposed EFPA, five benchmark functions are chosen from the literature as the test suit. Furthermore, tests using Loney’s solenoid benchmark, a classical problem in the electromagnetics area, are realized to evaluate the effectiveness of the FPA and the proposed EFPA. Simulation results and comparisons with the FPA demonstrated that the performance of the EFPA approach is promising in electromagnetics optimization.
The Role of Intuition in Strategic Decision Making

Although intuitive processes are critical for effective strategic decision making, there is little in the way of applied research on the topic. Apart from many popularized treatments of intuition in the literature today, there are only a handful of serious scholarly works on the subject. The majority of them are essentially theoretical in nature; field research in management settings is virtually nonexistent. This study examined this neglected but important process in strategic decision making. We surveyed senior managers of companies representing computer, banking, and utility industries in the United States and found that intuitive processes are used often in organizational decision making. Use of intuitive synthesis was found to be positively associated with organizational performance in an unstable environment, but negatively so in a stable environment.
Unification of partitioning, placement and floorplanning

Large macro blocks, pre-designed datapaths, embedded memories and analog blocks are increasingly used in ASIC designs. However, robust algorithms for large-scale placement of such designs have only recently been considered in the literature, and improvements by over 10% per paper are still common. Large macros can be handled by traditional floorplanning, but are harder to account for in min-cut and analytical placement. On the other hand, traditional floorplanning techniques do not scale to large numbers of objects, especially in terms of solution quality. We propose to integrate min-cut placement with fixed-outline floor-planning to solve the more general placement problem, which includes cell placement, floorplanning, mixed-size placement and achieving routability. At every step of min-cut placement, either partitioning or wirelength-driven, fixed-outline floorplanning is invoked. If the latter fails, we undo an earlier partitioning decision, merge adjacent placement regions and re-floorplan the larger region to find a legal placement for the macros. Empirically, this framework improves the scalability and quality of results for traditional wirelength-driven floorplanning. It has been validated on recent designs with embedded memories and accounts for routability. Additionally, we propose that free-shape rectilinear floorplanning can be used with rough module-area estimates before synthesis.
Vision-based tracking and interpretation of human leg movement for virtual reality applications

A vision-based system for tracking and interpreting leg motion in image sequences using a single camera is developed for a user to control his movement in the virtual world by his legs. Twelve control commands are defined. The trajectories of the color marks placed on the shoes of the user are used to determine the types of leg movement by a first-order Markov process. Then, the types of leg movement are encoded symbolically as input to Mealy machines to recognize the control command associated with a sequence of leg movements. The proposed system is implemented on a commercial PC without any special hardware. Because the transition functions of Mealy machines are deterministic, the implementation of the proposed system is simple and the response time of the system is short. Experimental results with a 14-Hz frame rate on 320/spl times/240 image resolution are included to prove the feasibility of the proposed approach.