Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Porphyromonas gingivalis Insertion Sequence-Like Element ISPg5

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis, a black-pigmented, gram-negative anaerobe, is found in periodontitis lesions, and its presence in subgingival plaque significantly increases the risk for periodontitis. In contrast to many bacterial pathogens, P. gingivalis strains display considerable variability, which is likely due to genetic exchange and intragenomic changes. To explore the latter possibility, we have studied the occurrence of insertion sequence (IS)-like elements in P. gingivalis W83 by utilizing a convenient and rapid method of capturing IS-like sequences and through analysis of the genome sequence of P. gingivalis strain W83. We adapted the method of Matsutani et al. (S. Matsutani, H. Ohtsubo, Y. Maeda, and E. Ohtsubo, J. Mol. Biol. 196:445–455, 1987) to isolate and clone rapidly annealing DNA sequences characteristic of repetitive regions within a genome. We show that in P. gingivalis strain W83, such sequences include (i) nucleotide sequence with homology to tRNA genes, (ii) a previously described IS element, and (iii) a novel IS-like element. Analysis of the P. gingivalis genome sequence for the distribution of the least used tetranucleotide, CTAG, identified regions in many of the initial 218 contigs which contained CTAG clusters. Examination of these CTAG clusters led to the discovery of 11 copies of the same novel IS-like element identified by the repeated sequence capture method of Matsutani et al. This new 1,512-bp IS-like element, designated ISPg5, has features of the IS3 family of IS elements. When a recombinant plasmid containing much of ISPg5 was used in Southern analysis of several P. gingivalis strains, including clinical isolates, diversity among strains was apparent. This suggests that ISPg5 and other IS elements may contribute to strain diversity and can be used for strain fingerprinting.
Health and Happiness among Older Adults

The relationship between health and happiness was explored using a cross-sectional survey of 383 community-dwelling older adults. As a function of self-reported health, median happiness was increasing at a decreasing rate; happiness variability was decreasing at a decreasing rate. In multivariable logistic regression, lowest-quartile happiness was associated with poverty, unfavorable subjective health, debilitating pain and urinary incontinence, but not with the comorbidity count or other comorbidities. The results, robust to common method bias, suggest that subjective health measures are better predictors of happiness than objective measures are, except for conditions that disrupt daily functioning or are associated with social stigma.
Sanctioning Costs and Norm Enforcement

This article focuses on the relationship between the costs of norm enforcement and the extent to which such enforcement actually occurs. We predict that as costs increase, sanctioning of deviant behavior is less likely. In addition, however, costs have a positive effect on the strength of meta-norms that encourage sanctioning. These meta-norms, in turn, lead to more frequent enforcement. Hypotheses are tested using experimental methods and, for the most part, are supported.
Analysis of Time Reversible Born-Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics

We analyze the time reversible Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (TRBOMD) scheme, which preserves the time reversibility of the Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics even with non-convergent self-consistent field iteration. In the linear response regime, we derive the stability condition, as well as the accuracy of TRBOMD for computing physical properties, such as the phonon frequency obtained from the molecular dynamics simulation. We connect and compare TRBOMD with Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics in terms of accuracy and stability. We further discuss the accuracy of TRBOMD beyond the linear response regime for non-equilibrium dynamics of nuclei. Our results are demonstrated through numerical experiments using a simplified one-dimensional model for Kohn-Sham density functional theory.
Liderazgo y cultura organizacional en instituciones de Educación Básica

El proposito de esta investigacion fue determinar la relacion entre liderazgo y cultura organizacional en instituciones educativas, basados en los teoricos Burns (2003), Bass y Avolio (1994) y Schein (1992). Se trabajo bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con una metodologia descriptiva correlacional, en la poblacion de directivos y docentes de las escuelas publicas de educacion basica del Municipio Maracaibo, de donde se extrajo una muestra de 278 a traves de un muestreo polietapico, por conglomerado estratificado. Los resultados indican una autopercepcion y percepcion del lider media alta para el liderazgo transformador y sus resultados, y media baja para el liderazgo transaccional. La cultura se percibe medio alto en formalidad, direccion, integracion organizacional, desarrollo de recursos humanos, sistemas de apoyo, compromiso, orientacion a resultados, recompensas y beneficios. Se encontraron las correlaciones bajas y algunas significativas entre la cultura organizacional y el liderazgo desde el punto de vista del lider, mientras que desde el punto de vista del seguidor fueron medias, y significativas. Por lo tanto se concluye que existe una adecuada percepcion del liderazgo y la cultura, las cuales estan relacionadas.
Shot Change Detection via Local Keypoint Matching

Shot change detection is an essential step in video content analysis. However, automatic shot change detection often suffers from high false detection rates due to camera or object movements. To solve this problem, we propose an approach based on local keypoint matching of video frames. This approach aims to detect both abrupt and gradual transitions between shots without modeling different kinds of transitions. Our experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for most kinds of shot changes.
The nature of turbulence in OMC1 at the scale of star formation : observations and simulations

Aims. To study turbulence in the Orion Molecular Cloud (OMC1) by comparing observed and simulated characteristics of the gas motions. Methods. Using a dataset of vibrationally excited H 2 emission in OMC1 containing radial velocity and brightness which covers scales from 70 AU to 30 000 AU, we present the structure functions and the scaling of the structure functions with their order. These are compared with the predictions of two-dimensional projections of simulations of supersonic hydrodynamic turbulence. Results. The structure functions of OMC1 are not well represented by power laws, but show clear deviations below 2000 AU. However, using the technique of extended self-similarity, power laws are recovered at scales down to 160 AU. The scaling of the higher order structure functions with order deviates from the standard scaling for supersonic turbulence. This is explained as a selection effect of preferentially observing the shocked part of the gas and the scaling can be reproduced using line-of-sight integrated velocity data from subsets of supersonic turbulence simulations. These subsets select regions of strong flow convergence and high density associated with shock structure. Deviations of the structure functions in OMC1 from power laws cannot however be reproduced in simulations and remains an outstanding issue.
Estimating multilocus linkage disequilibria

The state of a diploid population segregating for two alleles at each of n loci is described by 22n genotype frequencies, or equivalently, by allele frequencies and by multilocus moments or cumulants of various orders. These measures of linkage disequilibrium cannot usually be determined, both because one cannot tell whether a gene came from the maternal or paternal gamete, and because such a large number of parameters cannot be estimated even from large samples. Simplifying assumptions must therefore be made. This paper sets out methods for estimating multilocus genotype frequencies which are appropriate for unlinked neutral loci, and for populations that are ultimately derived by mixing of two source populations. In such a hybrid population, all multilocus associations depend primarily on the number of loci involved that derive from the maternal genome, and the number derived from the paternal genome. Allele frequencies may differ across loci, and the contribution of each locus to multilocus associations may be scaled by the difference in allele frequency between source populations for that locus (δp ≤ 1). For example, the cumulant describing the association between genes i, j, k from the maternal genome, and genes i, l from the paternal genome is κi,j,k,i*l*, = δpi2 δpj δpk δpl κ3,2. The state of the population is described by n allele frequencies; n divergences, δp; and by a symmetric matrix of cumulants, κJ,K (J=0 ,., n, K=0 ,., n). Expressions for these cumulants under short- and long-range migration are given. Two methods for estimating the cumulants are described: a simple method based on multivariate moments, and a maximum likelihood procedure, which uses the Metropolis algorithm. Both methods perform well when tested against simulations with two or four loci.
An Algorithm for Autonomous Isolation of Neurons in Extracellular Recordings

This paper describes novel multi-electrode systems that can autonomously position recording electrodes inside cortical tissue so as to isolate and then maintain optimal extracellular signal recording quality without human intervention. Autonomous microdrives can be used to improve the quality and efficiency of acute recordings that are needed for basic research in neurophysiology. They also offer the potential to increase the longevity and quality of chronic recordings and will serve as the front end of neuroprosthetic systems that aid the handicapped. We first describe the autonomous positioning algorithm, and its implementation as a finite state machine. We have deployed the algorithm on both conventional acute recording micro-drives and a novel miniature robot microdrive. Experimental results in monkey cortex are presented
Self-Interest Masquerading as Ingroup Beneficence

An altruistic rationalization explanation of the interindividual–intergroup discontinuity effect proposes that intergroup interactions are more competitive than interactions between individuals because group membership creates an opportunity to rationalize selfishly motivated competitiveness as being enacted for the ingroup’s sake. To test this explanation, we compared participants whose decisions did not influence the earnings of other participants, and who therefore had no opportunity for altruistic rationalization of competitiveness, with participants whose decisions did influence the earnings of other participants, and who therefore did have an opportunity for altruistic rationalization. Competition in a prisoner’s dilemma game was greater when opportunities for altruistic rationalization were present, but this effect was significant only for participants who were low in dispositional proneness to guilt, a trait that motivates prosocial behavior. In other words, we found that dispositionally selfish individuals were most likely to become more competitive when opportunities for altruistic rationalization were present. These findings provide evidence for an additional mechanism driving the discontinuity effect.
The β subunit dominates the relaxation kinetics of heteromeric neuronal nicotinic receptors

1 The ACh‐induced voltage‐jump relaxation currents of the nicotinic receptors formed by pair‐wise expression of the rat α2, α3, or α4 subunits with the β2 or β4 subunit in Xenopus oocytes were fitted best by the sum of two exponentials and a constant between ‐60 and ‐150 mV. 2 As the ACh concentration approached zero, the relaxation time constants approached limiting values that should equal the single‐channel burst duration at low ACh concentrations and the synaptic current decay time constants. β4 co‐expression prolonged the zero ACh concentration limits for the relaxation time constants. The fast β4 zero ACh concentration limits ranged from 40 to 121 ms between ‐60 and ‐150 mV, and the slow β4 zero ACh concentration limits ranged from 274 to 1039 ms. In contrast, the fast β2 limits were 4–6 ms over the same voltage range and the slow β2 limits were 30–53 ms. 3 Expression with the β4 subunit increased the voltage sensitivity of the α2, α3 and slow α4 relaxation time constants but not that of the fast α4 relaxation time constant. 4 Reducing the temperature from 22°C to 8–9°C increased the α4β2 and α3β4 relaxation time constants 2.3‐ to 6.6‐fold and reduced the fractional amplitude of the fast relaxation component. It also increased the voltage dependence of the fast α3β4 relaxation time constant and decreased that of the slow time constant. The Q10 for α4β2 and α3β4 relaxation time constants ranged from 1.9 to 3.9 between 10 and 20°C. 5 The β subunit appears to have a dominant influence on the voltage‐jump relaxation kinetics of heteromeric neuronal nicotinic receptors.
DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE TO TWO COMMUNICATION CHANNELS: SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSE TO VERBAL REINFORCERS COMMUNICATED WITH AND WITHOUT TONAL INFLECTION

Investigators have reported digerences in communication experience for low and middle socioeconomic class children. Using the Wiener and Mehrabian model of communication, it was hypothesized and found in 2 studies that low socioeconomic class children respond, in a social reinforcement paradigm, to positive and negative words only when these words are tonally inflected (with congruent inflection), while middle socioeconomic class children respond equally well to words alone and words with congruent tonal inflection. Further, as hypothesized, middle socioeconomic class children respond only minimally to positive word-negative tone and negative word-positive tone conditions; contrary to hypothesis, low socioeconomic class children respond to the word and not the tone in these incongruent word-tone pairings.
A Van-Der-Waals picture for metabolic networks from MaxEnt modeling: inherent bistability and elusive coexistence

In this work maximum entropy distributions in the space of steady states of metabolic networks are defined upon constraining the first and second moment of the growth rate. Inherent bistability of fast and slow phenotypes, akin to a Van-Der Waals picture, emerges upon considering control on the average growth (optimization/repression) and its fluctuations (heterogeneity). This is applied to the carbon catabolic core of E.coli where it agrees with some stylized facts on the persisters phenotype and it provides a quantitative map with metabolic fluxes, opening for the possibility to detect coexistence from flux data. Preliminary analysis on data for E.Coli cultures in standard conditions shows, on the other hand, degeneracy for the inferred parameters that extend in the coexistence region.
When the heterosexual script goes flexible: Public reactions to female heteroflexibility in the Buffy the Vampire Slayer comic books

The phenomenon of heteroflexibility, wherein a heterosexual character engages in same-sex intimacy, provides a good example of how modern narratives of sexuality can contain promises of subversion yet also shore up heteronormative schemas. To fully understand how the notion of heteroflexibility functions to broaden and/or restrict our understandings of (female) sexuality, we need to examine how these narratives are taken up by the audience. This article explores this tension by analysing how readers reacted to a heteroflexible storyline featured in the Buffy the Vampire Slayer comic books. By examining how this story was interpreted, rejected and/or embraced by readers, I show that readers who disliked the heteroflexible storyline as well as those who enjoyed it draw on liberal discourses that obscure how heteronormativity operates. This in turn limits heteroflexibility’s potential for disrupting dominant heteronormative discourses.
A Fully Integrated SAR ADC Using Digital Correction Technique for Triple-Mode Mobile Transceiver

This paper presents a fully integrated SAR ADC for GSM/WCDMA/LTE triple-mode transceiver (RFIC) with non-binary DAC structure and digital correction techniques. All blocks including input buffer, ADC core, bias, references and ADC logics are implemented in a single chip with a small die area of 0.044 mm /0.066 mm for ADC core and ADC logic. The proposed ADC does not require off-chip decoupling capacitor for reference voltage by employing charge-sharing topology. Reconfigurable structure is used for multi-mode operation by adjusting ADC speed and noise, where SNDR of 67.0 dB in GSM and 58.2 dB in WCDMA/LTE are achieved at the sampling frequencies of 52 MS/s and 80 MS/s, respectively.
LogGP: A Log-based Dynamic Graph Partitioning Method

With the increasing availability and scale of graph data from Web 2.0, graph partitioning becomes one of efficient preprocessing techniques to balance the computing workload. Since the cost of partitioning the entire graph is strictly prohibitive, there are some recent tentative works towards streaming graph partitioning which can run faster, be easily paralleled, and be incrementally updated. Unfortunately, the experiments show that the running time of each partitioning is still unbalanced due to the variation of workload access pattens during the supersteps. In addition, the one-pass streaming partitioning result is not always satisfactory for the algorithms' local view of the graph. In this paper, we present LogGP, a log-based graph partitioning system that records, analyzes and reuses the historical statistical information to refine the partitioning result. LogGP can be used as a middle-ware and deployed to many state-of-the-art paralleled graph processing systems easily. LogGP utilizes the historical partitioning results to generate a hyper-graph and uses a novel hyper-graph streaming partitioning approach to generate a better initial streaming graph partitioning result. During the execution, the system uses running logs to optimize graph partitioning which prevents performance degradation. Moreover, LogGP can dynamically repartition the massive graphs in accordance with the structural changes. Extensive experiments conducted on a moderate size of computing cluster with real-world graph datasets demonstrate the superiority of our approach against the state-of-the-art solutions.
The relationship between Turkish children's perceptions of marital conflict and their internalizing and externalizing problems

The present study investigated the relationship between children's perceptions of marital conflict and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. Additionally, investigating gender and age differences in children's perceptions and the type of problems they exhibited were the other purposes of the study. The sample consisted of 9- to 12-year-old, nonclinical children from intact families (N = 232), one of their parents, and teachers. The data were gathered by administering the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 4-18 and the Teacher's Report Form to adult participants and the Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale and the Children's Depression Inventory to the child participants. Findings indicated that there was a significant relationship between children's perceptions of marital conflict and their internalizing and externalizing problems. More specifically, children's perceptions of conflict properties were associated with their internalizing problems in parents', teachers', and ch.
A Model of the Relationships among Knowledge Management Practices and Task Knowledge

This paper presents a model of knowledge management practices at the individual level and explores its impact on their task related knowledge. Drawing on Nevis, DiBella and Gould's [28] various organizational learning processes, we explore how knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, and knowledge application at the individual level impact their task related conceptual, contextual and operational knowledge. The model is empirically tested using structural equation modeling with data from a sample of knowledge workers in a wide variety of enterprises. Results suggest that conceptual knowledge is impacted by knowledge sharing and knowledge application. However, contextual knowledge is enhanced mainly by knowledge application. Greater conceptual and contextual knowledge contributes to better operational knowledge.
Model Evaluation Guidelines for Systematic Quantification of Accuracy in Watershed Simulations

Watershed models are powerful tools for simulating the effect of watershed processes and management on soil and water resources. However, no comprehensive guidance is available to facilitate model evaluation in terms of the accuracy of simulated data compared to measured flow and constituent values. Thus, the objectives of this research were to: (1) determine recommended model evaluation techniques (statistical and graphical), (2) review reported ranges of values and corresponding performance ratings for the recommended statistics, and (3) establish guidelines for model evaluation based on the review results and project-specific considerations; all of these objectives focus on simulation of streamflow and transport of sediment and nutrients. These objectives were achieved with a thorough review of relevant literature on model application and recommended model evaluation methods. Based on this analysis, we recommend that three quantitative statistics, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR), in addition to the graphical techniques, be used in model evaluation. The following model evaluation performance ratings were established for each recommended statistic. In general, model simulation can be judged as satisfactory if NSE > 0.50 and RSR < 0.70, and if PBIAS + 25% for streamflow, PBIAS + 55% for sediment, and PBIAS + 70% for N and P. For PBIAS, constituent-specific performance ratings were determined based on uncertainty of measured data. Additional considerations related to model evaluation guidelines are also discussed. These considerations include: single-event simulation, quality and quantity of measured data, model calibration procedure, evaluation time step, and project scope and magnitude. A case study illustrating the application of the model evaluation guidelines is also provided.
The Battle for Human Nature: Science, Morality and Modern Life

Out of the investigations and speculations of contemporary science, a challenging view of human behavior and society has emerged and gained strength. It is a view that equates "human nature" utterly and unalterably with the pursuit of self-interest. Influenced by this view, people increasingly appeal to natural imperatives, instead of moral ones, to explain and justify their actions and those of others.