Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A closer look at deep learning neural networks with low-level spectral periodicity features

Systems built using deep learning neural networks trained on low-level spectral periodicity features (DeSPerF) reproduced the most “ground truth” of the systems submitted to the MIREX 2013 task, “Audio Latin Genre Classification. ” To answer why this was the case, we take a closer look at the behavior of a DeSPerF system we create and evaluate using the benchmark dataset BALLROOM. We find through time stretching that this DeSPerF system appears to obtain a high figure of merit on the task of music genre recognition because of a confounding of tempo with “ground truth” in BALLROOM. This observation motivates several predictions.
Characterization of all RND-type multidrug efflux transporters in Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Resistance nodulation cell division (RND)‐type efflux transporters play the main role in intrinsic resistance to various antimicrobial agents in many gram‐negative bacteria. Here, we estimated 12 RND‐type efflux transporter genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Because VmeAB has already been characterized, we cloned the other 11 RND‐type efflux transporter genes and characterized them in Escherichia coli KAM33 cells, a drug hypersusceptible strain. KAM33 expressing either VmeCD, VmeEF, or VmeYZ showed increased minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for several antimicrobial agents. Additional four RND‐type transporters were functional as efflux pumps only when co‐expressed with VpoC, an outer membrane component in V. parahaemolyticus. Furthermore, VmeCD, VmeEF, and VmeYZ co‐expressed with VpoC exhibited a broader substrate specificity and conferred higher resistance than that with TolC of E. coli. Deletion mutants of these transporter genes were constructed in V. parahaemolyticus. TM32 (ΔvmeAB and ΔvmeCD) had significantly decreased MICs for many antimicrobial agents and the number of viable cells after exposure to deoxycholate were markedly reduced. Strains in which 12 operons were all disrupted had very low MICs and much lower fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops. These results indicate that resistance nodulation cell division‐type efflux transporters contribute not only to intrinsic resistance but also to exerting the virulence of V. parahaemolyticus.
k-Dynamics Free Energy Simulation Methods

Free energy calculations are fundamental to obtaining accurate theoretical estimates of many important biological phenomena including hydration energies, protein-ligand binding affinities and energetics of conformational changes. Unlike traditional free energy perturbation and thermodynamic integration methods, k-dynamics treats the conventional ‘‘k’’ as a dynamic variable in free energy simulations and simultaneously evaluates thermodynamic properties for multiple states in a single simulation. In the present article, we provide an overview of the theory of k-dynamics, including the use of biasing and restraining potentials to facilitate conformational sampling. We review how k-dynamics has been used to rapidly and reliably compute relative hydration free energies and binding affinities for series of ligands, to accurately identify crystallographically observed binding modes starting from incorrect orientations, and to model the effects of mutations upon protein stability. Finally, we suggest how k-dynamics may be extended to facilitate modeling efforts in structure-based drug design. q 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 30: 1692–1700, 2009
Effects of Achievement Goals on Challenge Seeking and Feedback Processing: Behavioral and fMRI Evidence

We conducted behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research to investigate the effects of two types of achievement goals—mastery goals and performance-approach goals— on challenge seeking and feedback processing. The results of the behavioral experiment indicated that mastery goals were associated with a tendency to seek challenge, both before and after experiencing difficulty during task performance, whereas performance-approach goals were related to a tendency to avoid challenge after encountering difficulty during task performance. The fMRI experiment uncovered a significant decrease in ventral striatal activity when participants received negative feedback for any task type and both forms of achievement goals. During the processing of negative feedback for the rule-finding task, performance-approach-oriented participants showed a substantial reduction in activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the frontopolar cortex, whereas mastery-oriented participants showed little change. These results suggest that performance-approach-oriented participants are less likely to either recruit control processes in response to negative feedback or focus on task-relevant information provided alongside the negative feedback. In contrast, mastery-oriented participants are more likely to modulate aversive valuations to negative feedback and focus on the constructive elements of feedback in order to attain their task goals. We conclude that performance-approach goals lead to a reluctant stance towards difficulty, while mastery goals encourage a proactive stance.
Main Currents in Caribbean Thought. The Historical Evolution of Caribbean Society in Its Ideological Aspects, 1492-1900 . By Gordon K. Lewis. (Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983. Pp. x, 375. Notes. Index. $25.00)

American urban history. Some sections are so poorly written that their meaning is unclear, as in the discussion of whether St. Louis originally had a central plaza (pp. 118-20). Other sections are repetitious (pp. 34-35, 46-47). There are some errors, such as the assertions that under Spain "city lots could be willed but not mortgaged or sold" (p. 179) and that "among the many Systems of land distribution was the encomienda" (p. 30). Ail source materials are in English; some are outdated. But this disadvantage is partly offset by the authors' inclusion of North American urban historians, such as John Reps and R. C. Wade. Overall, the book is an innovative interdisciplinary effort of value, although for différent reasons, to historians of both North and South America.
Weighted Fuzzy Similarity Classifier in the Ł ukasiewicz-Structure

The aim of this paper is to introduce improvements made to a classifier based on the fuzzy similarity [1]. Improvements are based on the use of generalized Łukasiewicz-structure and weight optimization. We are presenting some new results and a more detailed description of the theoretical background and fixing some terminology compared in to our previous work [2]. The main benefits of the classifier are its computational efficiency and its strong mathematical background. It is based on many-valued logic and it provides semantic information about classification results. We will show that if we choose the power value in appropriate manner in the generalized Łukasiewicz-structure and the optimal weights for different features, we will see significant enhancements in classification results. Key-Words: Łukasiewicz-structure, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy classifier, Similarity measures, Genetic algorithms
Waveform Tomography Reveals Channeled Flow at the Base of the Oceanic Asthenosphere

Mapping Mantle Mixing Mantle convection is the primary driving force for plate tectonics, but mantle convection also mixes material in the interior of Earth and controls heat flow from the core. The patterns of convection are often difficult to image directly with seismic waves—particularly on a global scale. French et al. (p. 227, published online 5 September) constructed a global tomographic model of the upper mantle and transition zone that is sensitive to changes in seismic velocity and anisotropy. The approach identifies elongated, horizontal structures in the upper mantle that are parallel to overlying plate motions. At greater depths, however, vertical plume-like structures extend from the lower mantle and disappear near the base of low velocity zones like those observed beneath Hawaii. Mantle convection produces low-wavelength fingerlike structures parallel to the directions of plate motion. Understanding the relationship between different scales of convection that drive plate motions and hotspot volcanism still eludes geophysicists. Using full-waveform seismic tomography, we imaged a pattern of horizontally elongated bands of low shear velocity, most prominent between 200 and 350 kilometers depth, which extends below the well-developed low-velocity zone. These quasi-periodic fingerlike structures of wavelength ~2000 kilometers align parallel to the direction of absolute plate motion for thousands of kilometers. Below 400 kilometers depth, velocity structure is organized into fewer, undulating but vertically coherent, low-velocity plumelike features, which appear rooted in the lower mantle. This suggests the presence of a dynamic interplay between plate-driven flow in the low-velocity zone and active influx of low-rigidity material from deep mantle sources deflected horizontally beneath the moving top boundary layer.
Fault Tolerant Support Vector Machines

Support Vector Machines (SVM) is a popular Machine Learning algorithm, which is used for building classifiers and models. Parallel implementations of SVM, which can run on large scale supercomputers, are becoming commonplace. However, these supercomputers -- designed under constraints of data movement -- frequently observe faults in compute devices. Many device faults manifest as permanent process/node failures. In this paper, we present several approaches for designing fault tolerant SVM algorithms. First, we present an in-depth analysis to identify the critical data structures, and build baseline algorithms that simply periodically checkpoint these data structures. Next, we propose a novel algorithm, which requires no inter-node data movement for checkpointing, and only O(n2/p2) recovery time -- a small fraction of the expected O(n3/p) time-complexity of SVM. We implement these algorithms and evaluate them on a large scale cluster. Our evaluation indicates that the overall data movement for checkpointing in the baseline algorithm can be up to 100x the dataset size! , while the proposed novel algorithm is completely communication-free of checkpointing. In addition, it saves up to 20x space, while providing better (by an average of 5.5x speedup on 256 cores) recovery time than the baseline algorithm with different number of checkpoints. The experiments also show that our communication avoiding algorithm outperforms Spark MLLib SVM implementation by an average of 6.4x with 256 cores in the case of failure.
The unitary representations of the Poincar\'e group in any spacetime dimension

An extensive group-theoretical treatment of linear relativistic wave equations on Minkowski spacetime of arbitrary dimension D>2 is presented in these lecture notes. To start with, the one-to-one correspondence between linear relativistic wave equations and unitary representations of the isometry group is reviewed. In turn, the method of induced representations reduces the problem of classifying the representations of the Poincare group ISO(D-1,1) to the classication of the representations of the stability subgroups only. Therefore, an exhaustive treatment of the two most important classes of unitary irreducible representations, corresponding to massive and massless particles (the latter class decomposing in turn into the ``helicity'' and the "infinite-spin" representations) may be performed via the well-known representation theory of the orthogonal groups O(n) (with D-4<n<D). Finally, covariant wave equations are given for each unitary irreducible representation of the Poincare group with non-negative mass-squared. Tachyonic representations are also examined. All these steps are covered in many details and with examples. The present notes also include a self-contained review of the representation theory of the general linear and (in)homogeneous orthogonal groups in terms of Young diagrams.
Identification of a Zika NS2B-NS3pro pocket susceptible to allosteric inhibition by small molecules including qucertin rich in edible plants

It has been recently estimated that one-third of the world population will be infected by Zika virus, but unfortunately so far there is no vaccine or medicine available. In particular, the special concern on the vaccine treatment to Zika and Dengue arising from antibody-dependent enhancement strongly emphasizes the irreplaceable role of its NS2B-NS3 protease (NS2B-NS3pro) as a target for anti-Zika drug discovery/design due to its absolutely-essential role in viral replication. Very recently we identified two small molecules inhibit Zika NS2B-NS3pro in non-competitive mode, with Ki values of 0.57 and 2.02 µM respective for p-Nitrophenyl-p-guanidino benzoate and qucertin. Here, by molecular docking, we show that although one is designed compound while another is a natural product, both molecules bind to the same pocket on the back of the substrate-binding pocket of Zika NS2B-NS3pro. As the two inhibitors fundamentally differ from cn-716, the only known peptidomimetic boronic acid inhibitor in both structure scaffolds and inhibitory modes, our discovery might open up a new avenue for the future development of allosteric inhibitors, which is highly demanded to achieve therapeutic inhibition of flaviviral NS2B-NS3pro complexes. Furthermore, as qucertin is abundant in many vegetables and fruits such caper, lovage, tea and red onion, our results should benefit the public to immediately fight Zika virus.
Research and Improvement on Expected Throughput Metric in Wireless Mesh Network

This paper studied and analyzed expected throughput metric (ETP), found out that it made a conservative estimate for long path, and it didn't take into account the impact of node's loading on the performance of path. In view to the problem, this paper assumed the interference range of links as two hops, and proposed the definition of node's loading in wireless mesh network, and combined the two with ETP metric and obtained the improved ETP metric, i.e. the METPLB. The METPLB metric can provide a more correct link and path performance estimate than ETP metric. So route protocol based on METPLB can choose the path which is more disjoint and has less interference of links that operate on the same channel as its route. By simulating experiments the authors studied the influence of parameter beta of METPLB metric to network performance and analyzed and compared the performance between ETP and METPLB. The simulating results show that in the multi-radio and multi-channel wireless mesh network with heavy traffic and loading, by using METPLB to select path, the throughput can be improved and the end-to-end delay can be reduced, then the loading balance of network can be achieved effectively.
AGENT . HOSPITAL : Agent-based Optimization and Management of Clinical Processes

There are several continuing challenges within the healthcare domain. On the one hand, there is a greater need for individualized, patient oriented processes in diagnostics, therapy, nursing and administration, and on the other hand, hospitals have extremely distributed decision processes and strong local (individual) autonomy with a high degree of situational dynamics. This research focuses on developing an information system that can substantially increase the efficiency of hospital process management. We present a system for agent based simulation and support for clinical processes. In particular, we describe the architecture of the system and its functionalities and the integration of existing FIPA, DICOM and HL7 standards. We discuss an example scenario for "clinical trials" to illustrate how the system supports distributed clinical process management. This system interacts with other multiagent systems within the Agent.Hospital Framework and hospital information systems in the eHealth Lab. This research is part of the German Priority Research Program (SPP) 1083 "Intelligent Agents and their application in business scenarios".
A study on echo feature extraction based on the modified relative spectra (RASTA) and perception linear prediction (PLP) auditory model

The more mature RASTA-PLP auditory mode in the field of speech recognition is presented to apply to the field of underwater target echo recognition. But also, According to the character of underwater target signal, The RASTA-PLP auditory mode is modified. Contrast to the PLP auditory model feature, the recognition ratio of the modified RASTA-PLP auditory model feature is higher. The recognition ratio of the test samples can arrive 90.32% by Fuzzy Adaptation Resonance Theory(FART) neural networks when the ratio of the sample numbers of training set to the testing set's is 1∶10. After that, the Gauss white noise is convoluted with the signal. At the equal test condition, the recognition ratio of the modified RASTA-PLP auditory model feature is 18% higher than the PLP auditory model feature. It shows the modified RASTA-PLP auditory model feature is robust.
Spectrum sharing between cellular and mobile ad hoc networks: Transmission-capacity tradeoff

Spectrum sharing between wireless networks improves the usage efficiency of radio spectrums. This paper addresses spectrum sharing between a cellular uplink and a mobile ad hoc networks. These networks use either all uplink frequency subchannels or their disjoint subsets, called spectrum underlay and spectrum overlay, respectively. Given these methods, the capacity tradeoff between the coexisting networks is analyzed in terms of transmission capacity. For a network with Poisson distributed transmitters, this metric is defined as the maximum density of transmitters subject to an outage constraint for a given signal-to-interference ratio (SIR). Using stochastic geometry, the transmission-capacity tradeoff between the coexisting networks is derived, where both spectrum overlay and underlay as well as successive interference cancelation (SIC) are considered. In particular, for small target outage probability, the transmission capacities of the coexisting networks are proved to satisfy a linear equation. Its coefficients depend on the spectrum sharing method and whether SIC is applied. This linear equation shows that spectrum overlay is more efficient than spectrum underlay.
Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in formalin-induced pain is attenuated by 4-phenylbutyric acid

Background Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in many neurological and inflammatory responses. Peripheral inflammatory responses can induce central sensitization and trigger inflammatory pain. However, there is little research on the relationship between ER stress and inflammatory pain. In this study, we examined whether the ER stress response is involved in peripheral inflammatory pain using a formalin-induced rat pain model. Methods Rats were divided into the following five groups: control, formalin, formalin + vehicle, formalin + 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) (40 mg/kg) and formalin + 4-PBA (100 mg/kg). Formalin-induced pain was assessed behaviorally by recording licking activity. The expression levels of immunoglobulin-binding protein (BIP), activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (p-IRE1), phosphorylated protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (p-PERK) and c-fos were quantitatively assessed by Western blot, and the distribution of BIP, ATF6 and c-fos in the lumbar enlargement of spinal cord were identified by immunohistochemistry in spinal dorsal horn slices. In addition, the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the spinal cord were tested by biochemical measurement and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results Intraperitoneal injection of 4-PBA at the dose of 100 mg/kg before formalin injection significantly decreased nociceptive behavior in the second phase compared with control, formalin, formalin + vehicle and formalin + 4-PBA (40 mg/kg) (P<0.05). Western blot showed that formalin injection significantly upregulated the expression of BIP, ATF6, p-PERK and c-fos in the spinal cord. This upregulation was reduced by peritoneal injection of 4-PBA (P<0.05), while expression of p-IRE1 was not altered by formalin treatment. Immunohistochemistry revealed markedly increased staining density for BIP, ATF6 and c-fos in the superficial spinal dorsal horn after formalin injection. This was significantly decreased by administration of 4-PBA (P<0.05). Compared with the formalin + vehicle group, 4-PBA inhibited the release of NO and PGE2 in the spinal cord (P<0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that ER stress is involved in formalin-induced inflammatory pain and that inhibition of ER stress may attenuate central sensitization induced by peripheral inflammatory stimulation.
Witnessing galaxy preprocessing in the local Universe: the case of a star-bursting group falling into Abell 1367 ⋆

We present a multiwavelength analysis of a compact group of galaxies infalling at high speed into the dynamically young cluster Abell 1367. Peculiar morphologies and unusually high Halpha emission are associated with two giant galaxies and at least ten dwarfs/extragalactic HII regions, making this group the region with the highest density of star formation activity ever observed in the local clusters. Moreover Halpha imaging observations reveal extraordinary complex trails of ionized gas behind the galaxies, with projected lengths exceeding 150 kpc. These unique cometary trails mark the gaseous trajectory of galaxies, witnessing their dive into the hot cluster intergalactic medium. Under the combined action of tidal forces among group members and the ram-pressure by the cluster ambient medium, the group galaxies were fragmented and the ionized gas was blown out. The properties of this group suggest that environmental effects within infalling groups may have represented a preprocessing step of the galaxy evolution during the high redshift cluster assembly phase.
HDDBrs middleware for implementing highly available distributed databases

Our demo presents HDDBRS, a middle tier offering to clients a highly available distributed database interface using Reed Solomon codes to compute parity data. Parity data is stored in dedicated parity DB backends, is synchronously updated and allows recovering from multiple DB backend unavailability. HDDBRS middle tier is implemented in JAVA using standard technology, and is designed to be interoperable with any database engine that provides a JDBC driver and implements X/open XA protocol.
Substrate Integrated Waveguide Transitions to Planar Transmission Lines Using Lumped Elements and Their Applications

A novel scheme for substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transitions to planar transmission lines is proposed. The idea is the insertion of impedance matching network along with the mode transition realized by a combination of lumped elements. We published earlier similar work. It was a set of the transitions between SIW and microstrip (MS) using lumped elements, and its application as an SIW quadrature power splitter. Throughout that work, the proposed SIW transition using lumped elements was realized focusing only on the MS structure. Now is to widen the use of the proposed transition scheme using lumped elements. In this paper, we propose that transition scheme also works with SIW-to-coplanar waveguide (CPW) and SIW-to-grounded CPW. Also, in addition to the above quadrature power splitter, we show that the proposed scheme can also be used as an SIW balun. Most of the proposed transition schemes yield approximately 0.8- ± 0.5-dB passband insertion losses per target band. Others, such as SIW quadrature power splitter, work with 4- ± 0.5-dB insertion loss per band of 4.2-5.5 GHz, 90° ± 5° phase variation per 4.49-5.9 GHz, and SIW balun works with 4- ± 0.5-dB insertion loss in 4.34-5.29 GHz, 180° ± 5° phase variation in 4.6-5.34 GHz.