Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and analysis of methods for fixed and variable MEMS inductors design

This paper investigates fixed and tunable MEMS inductors. A detailed technical discussion is given on those parameters that influence the inductance, quality factor, resonance frequency, and tuning range. Based on these parameters, the available methods are reviewed and categorized for both fixed and tunable inductors to improve the quality factor and tuning range. The major research issues in fixed MEMS inductors are the quality factor and the resonant frequency. The tuning range, in addition to the quality factor, is the main research issue of tunable MEMS inductors. Several comparison graphs are given to show the performance of each method. The parameters and their effect on the performance of the inductor were analyzed and simulated by MATLAB to present their pros and cons, their effectiveness, and their failures. This exploration can assist the designers to choose the appropriate methods for developing fixed and tunable inductors in terms with their desired application and specification. In this technical review paper, a detailed comparison between the inductors parameters for different techniques of development and adjustment gives the researchers a deep understanding of available solutions.
Comparative analysis of sweet cherry (P. avium) genetic diversity revealed by two methods of SSR marker detection

Comparative analysis of sweet cherry (P. avium) genetic diversity revealed by two methods of SSR marker detection Three previously described highly polymorphic SSR (microsatellite) primer pairs in 126 sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) accessions were tested using two microsatellite marker detection methods: ASCE (automated sequencer capillary electrophoresis) and PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) in screening of sweet cherry germplasm collections. It was determined that ASCE provided more precise genotyping. In the case of PAGE, due to possible manual scoring errors, a higher number of putative alleles was observed, which overestimated the level of polymorphism and hence the genetic diversity. This should be taken into account when comparing results obtained in different investigations. The ASCE detection method generally is considered as expensive, it requires more advanced and expensive equipment, and is available mostly in mid- to high-throughput laboratories. Nevertheless, the detection precision and possibility of complete unification of laboratory protocols among laboratories makes it a very useful tool in the identification and characterisation of sweet cherry breeding material, especially in large, diverse collecions. Divu SSR marķieru noteikšanas metožu salīdzinājums saldo ķiršu (P. avium) genētiskās daudzveidības noteikšanai Pētījumā veikta divu mikrosatelītu marķieru noteikšanas metožu — ASCE (automātiskā genētiskā analizatora kapilārā elektroforēze) un PAGE (poliakrilamīda gēla elektroforēze) — salīdzināšana, izmantojot trīs iepriekš aprakstītus polimorfiskus SSR (mikrosatelītu) praimeru pārus 126 saldo ķiršu (Prunus avium L.) paraugiem. Pētījumā konstatēts, ka precīzākus genotipēšanas rezultātus iespējams iegūt, izmantojot ASCE noteikšanas metodi. PAGE metodei raksturīgas fragmentu noteikšanas kļūdas, jo darbs tiek veikts manuāli, līdz ar to rezultātos tiek pārvērtēts alēļu skaits, polimorfisma un genētiskās daudzveidības līmenis, kas būtu jāņem vērā, salīdzinot un analizējot dažādus pētījumu rezultātus. ASCE fragmentu garuma noteikšanas metode parasti tiek uzskatīta par samērā dārgu, jo nepieciešams moderns un dārgs aprīkojums, kas pieejams galvenokārt tikai vidējās un lielās laboratorijās. Tomēr šī metode tās precizitātes dēļ, un ar iespēju izmantot standartizētus starplaboratoriju protokolus, ir ļoti noderīgs līdzeklis saldo ķiršu materiāla identificēšanai un raksturošanai, it īpaši lielās un daudzveidīgās kolekcijās.
Patch Antenna with Triangular Slitted Corners

In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna with triangular slits was designed, simulated, fabricated and tested. The proposed patch antenna, with operating frequency of 9.5 GHz, is targeted. Simulation is carried out using Sonnet Suites. Antenna has 9.68 dB gain at 9.5 GHz with corresponding reflection coefficient of -19 dB. Proposed antenna introduces size reduction for patch antennas. The measurements of the fabricated patch antenna well corroborate the simulation results. Keywords—Asymmetric triangular slit, gain, microstrip patch antenna.
21 PSI Villigen Switzerland Comparing SMPS Particle Size Distributions with DC , PAS and CPC Data

Diesel particle number size distributions show typical key parameters, both for ambient diesel exhaust measurements and for laboratory dynamometer experiments. Two modes dominate the size distributions in the range 5– 300 nm, a soot mode at 60 – 120 nm and an ultrafine nucleation mode at 5 – 40 nm. The concentration of the soot mode is usually directly connected to the amount of particles emitted by the source, while the presence of the nucleation mode has been shown to strongly depend on the dilution conditions of the raw exhaust prior to the particle measurement. SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer) size number distributions have good particle size resolution, but relatively poor time resolution, with scan times of 1 minute or more. DC, PAS and CPC are real-time instruments for particle measurement with a time resolution of 10 seconds or less. The combination DC, PAS and CPC has been shown to deliver realtime key information on diesel exhaust size distributions. First, diesel exhaust plumes which contain a highly concentrated ultrafine nucleation mode can be clearly identified using the ratio of DC vs. PAS signals, in the sense of a yes/no answer. Furthermore, the diameter of average surface of the sampled diesel aerosol can be determined using DC and CPC data. This allows qualitative statements on the dynamic behavior of the nucleation mode during an experiment, since the diameter of average surface will shift as the concentration of the nucleation mode changes. Using these findings, real-time monitoring of general traffic exhaust in test bench as well as field studies is possible with the use of these three instruments.
Are Cost Stickiness Relevant to Accounting Information Transparency ? Evidence from the Manufacturer Enterprises in Shenzhen A Shares

Based on the ABJ model, we select the manufacturing enterprises listed on the main board of Shenzhen A-shares as the sample to test the relationship between accounting information transparency and cost stickiness. The results show that the accounting information transparency can alleviate the cost stickiness in manufacturing enterprises. Further research show that the transparency of accounting information has a more significant effect on cost stickiness in manufacturing enterprises with high concentration of equity and high asset-liability ratio. This finding provides suggestions for shareholder governance, which can enhance the external supervision ability by improving the accounting information transparency to alleviate the problem of cost stickiness.
Dynamics of point vortex dipoles and spontaneous singularities in three-dimensional turbulent flows

Progress in our understanding of the nature of the strong vortex interactions in advanced three-dimensional turbulent flows can be achieved, as in the two-dimensional case also, on the basis of distinguishing localized elementary vortex objects such that a finite set of them is fully able to give rise to (and adequately simulate) complex dynamical processes in such nonlinear infinite-dimensional systems. ' r 2 In this connection, in the present paper we consider three-dimensional 6-singularities of the vortex field-point vortex dipoles. For these we have obtained dynamical equations possessing (in contrast to the dynamical system of vortons of Ref. 2 ) the same invariants of motion as the original three-dimensional Euler hydrodynamic equations. It is shown that for two vortex dipoles irreversible catastrophic growth of the quadratic vorticity in a finite time is possible; this phenomenon is investigated, e.g., in Ref. 3 and 4, and is connected, in the final analysis, with the well-known phenomenon of the stretching of vortex tubes in three-dimensional turbulent flows.5 1. An elementary example of a localized vortex object having point support is a vortex dipole, for which the vortex field w is solenoidal (div w = 0 ) and has the form
On the audibility of spatial reflection changes in relation to WFS

A sound field in an enclosed space can basically be divided into components that are related to the direct sound, the early reflections and the reverberation [1]. This concept holds for real sound fields as for instance occurring during a musical performance in a hall, but it also holds for the reproduction of sound. Depending on the recording and reproduction system this sound field may or may not give a natural spatial impression of the musical performance. A very realistic reproduction method may be obtained with a wave field synthesis (WFS) system [2], where the required reflection patterns are obtained from impulse response measurements or perceptual generation of impulse responses with which the dry source signals can be convolved. It is well known that the early reflections depend much on the (intended) source position and that differences in the early reflection patterns are used by the human brain to localize the source position. Hence, it may be necessary for a high quality sound reproduction with artificial or convolutional reflections and reverberation, to differentiate the reverb processing for different source positions. In this paper the results of a preliminary investigation are presented to learn how sensitive the human ear is for variations in early reflections and hence to know if we can use the same reflection processing for sources that are not too far apart so that an easier and less expensive processing can be carried out without perceptual loss in quality. Although this investigation was inspired by our WFS method of reproduction, the results are as well applicable to other kinds of reproduction where artificial reflections (or measured impulse responses) are involved.
The stress distribution within dentin upon the use of different restoration materials

Purpose: High flexibility makes polyetheretherketone (PEEK) attractive for use as a restoration material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution within a root for five types of restoration materials. Materials and Methods: A three-dimensional root canal-treated premolar finite element model was fabricated, and the model was reconstructed with five restoration materials. A 100-N occlusal force was loaded 45 ̊ to the long axis, and the stress was calculated. Results: The magnitudes of the stress surrounding the cervical area for the palladium-silver-gold alloy, hybrid resin composite, zirconia, all ceramic, and PEEK materials were 22.7, 21.0, 22.2, 22.2, and 18.4 MPa, respectively. The magnitudes of the stress surrounding the base of the posts were 6.5, 8.8, 5.9, 6.4, and 14.6 MPa, respectively. Conclusion: The restoration fabricated using PEEK prevented stress from occurring at the marginal area of the dentin; however, PEEK increased the stress at the base of the post to a greater degree than the other restoration materials. (Asian Pac J Dent 2017; 17: 41-47.)
AIS Electronic Library (AISeL)

As an emerging trend for maximizing IT resource utilization, cloud federation raises various technical, economic, and legal issues. In order to understand the future of its adoption among cloud providers, it is important to identify which factors can be driving or inhibiting the process. This study aims at closing this research gap and find out the strength of their inhibiting or facilitating factors. After a thorough review of previous studies, factors suggested by relevant studies as determinants of cloud computing are compiled. Among those determinants, the most relevant factors are selected and, then, used to construct a model of hypothesized relationships of the determinants with the perception of risk and benefits of cloud federation, thus with the intention of joining a cloud federation. Data from a total of 300 cloud service providers, consultants, and IT experts were collected through a survey questionnaire. Questions were asked regarding large firms and small firms. The model is evaluated using structural equation modeling. The findings show that, among the six determinants analyzed by the study, flexibility and competitive pressure showed strong positive impacts. Thus, they are considered the major drivers of cloud federation. Furthermore, interoperability, service quality decline, and legal issues could be linked to be strong inhibitors of cloud federation. However, all these determines are strongly mediated by the perceived risk and perceived benefit of cloud federation. The estimated results for cloud providers showed that large cloud providers are attracted to cloud federation due to the potential of offering flexible services, while small cloud providers are driven by competitive pressure to join a cloud federation.
Factors that Influence Students ’ Learning Attitudes toward Computer Courses-- An Empirical Study for Technology and Vocational Institute Students in Taiwan

For the rapidly development of computer and information technologies, the relevant computer courses has become the fundamental curriculum in Taiwanese educational systems. The purpose of this paper was to discuss learning contingency factors that influence vocational and technology students’ learning attitudes toward computer courses. Two groups of factors, internal learning motivation and external learning environments, were defined as the learning contingency factors. The former group included interest, employment, and trend variables, and the latter was consisted of two variables, home and school. Through an intermediate variable, computer use, a causal model was constructed to analyze how the learning contingency factors influenced students’ learning attitudes which were measured by two indicators, self-efficacy and anxiety. As an empirical study, 235 valid vocational and technology institute students were sampled in Taiwan. The results indicated that the interest motivation had direct (the most significant) effect on subjects’ learning attitudes, so did the school environment, employment, and trend variables, but the last one was a negative effect. The home environment did not directly affect the subjects’ learning attitudes, but indirectly affected subjects’ attitudes through computer use. The interest motivation also had an indirect effect on learning attitudes. The results could provide useful information for students and teachers in learning and teaching computer courses.
Structure-Cardiac Activity Relationship of C19-Diterpenoid Alkaloids

Thirty three C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, twenty-two prepared from known C19-diterpenoid alkaloids and eleven isolated from Aconitum and Delphinium spp. were evaluated for their cardiac activity in the isolated bullfrog heart assay. Among them, eleven compounds exhibited cardiac activity, with average rate of amplitude increase in the range of 16-118%. Compound 7, mesaconine (17), hypaconine (25), and beiwutinine (26) exhibited strong cardiac activities relative to the reference drug. The structure-activity relationship data acquired indicated that an α-hydroxyl group at C-15, a hydroxyl group at C-8, an α-methoxyl or hydroxyl group at C-1, and a secondary amine or N-methyl group in ring A are important structure features necessary for the cardiac activities of the aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids without any ester groups. In addition, an α-hydroxyl group at C-3 is also helpful for the cardiac activity of these alkaloids.
Exploring the Challenges Faced by Iranian TEFL Students in their Doctoral Dissertation Writing

Hoda Divsar Department of TEFL and English Literature Payam-e-Noor University Tehran, Iran ABSTRACT Writing a dissertation is a laborious task that requires adequate knowledge of the field as well as writing skill. This study tried to uncover the PhD candidates‟ main challenges in writing a dissertation. The participants of this study were 30 PhD EFL male and female candidates on the point of writing their dissertation. A semi-structured interview with series of open-ended questions was employed to gather the data. The study adopted mixed-methods design in which the data were collected through qualitative content analysis and then were subjected to statistical procedures through SPSS. Cohen‟s Kappa (κ) was used to report intra and inter rater reliability which were found to be . 89% and . 88%, respectively. The data analysis indicated that all candidates encountered various problems such as linguistic challenges, lack of knowledge about SPSS, APA and copyright law, poor planning and time management, finding novel topics, personal problems that impede them from the due schedule, finding the related literature, finding the participants and getting institutes to participate, negotiation with thesis supervisor and advisor, loss of interest and difficulty in finding the required instrument. Moreover, based on the findings of the present study, it is recommended that more practical courses on research be embedded in the curricula and more attention be paid to the existing courses in order to overcome the encountered challenges as described by the PhD students. The results can be of help to the policy makers, curriculum developers, instructors and students.
Globalization and Contentious Politics : Predicting Women ’ s and Non-Women ’ s Protest

What drives individuals to take to the streets in protest? Does the causal logic leading to women’s protest differ from that for non-women’s protest? In this paper, we advance hypotheses on the extent to which the three main aspects of globalization –economic, political, and social– instigate mass protest and show how these effects can be particularly helpful in understanding collective mass mobilization among a historically marginalized group, women. We also draw on various forecasting methods to predict where women’s and non-women’s protests are increasing in the world and assess the strength of our models in forecasting future protest. The results from the data analysis indicates that while economic and political globalization are associated with reduced women’s protest, social globalization is associated with increased women’s protest. We also find that among different aspects of social globalization only personal contacts with those outside of one’s own country increases the likelihood of both women’s and non-women’s protest. The results from the forecasting analysis of women’s and non-women’s mass mobilization indicate that it is more difficult to predict women’s protest than non-women’s protest activities. Overall, our study is the first attempt at forecasting women’s protest and assessing the extent to which our theoretical understanding and ability to forecast women’s protest is similar to our ability to predict non-women’s protest.
Reduction kinetics of lead-rich isasmelt slag at the temperature range of 1073 to 1473 K

The use of the ISASMELT furnace results in a greatly simplified operation with more efficient capture of SO2, and lead fugitive emissions. In addition, the high lead slag product is low in sulfur (<0.5%) compared to sinter, reducing the environmental problems with the blast furnace operation. Therefore, the ISASMELT furnace has a promising application in the filed of lead production and has replaced the conventional sinter plant in modern lead production. Lead-rich slag produced from the IsaSmelt furnace is used as feedstock to a lead blast furnace for the production of lead metal. To assist in the optimization of the lead blast furnace operations, it is essential to obtain a fundamental understanding of the reaction and kinetics occurring during the reduction of the lead slag in the blast furnace. In this study, extensive experiments have been carried out on the reduction of lead sinters in carbon crucibles at temperature range from 1073 to 1473K. A comprehensive study has been carried out on industrial sinters and synthetic slags to compare the reduction kinetics. The extent of reaction for each sample is measured by measuring the volume of gas produced at a given temperature and time. For all slag investigated at fixed temperature, the reaction rate between the slag and carbon is initially fast and then the rate becomes slower as the extent of reaction increases. Only limited reaction between slag and carbon occurs at temperatures below 1173K. At temperatures above 1173K, the reaction rate increases significantly with increasing temperature. For industrial sinters slag, it was found that a layer of metallic lead was formed at the interface between the sinter sample and carbon at the temperature of 1473K, indicating that the metallic lead layer reduces the contact area between the sinter and carbon thereby reducing the overall rate of reaction. For the slag compositions investigated liquid starts to form at approximately 1073K. Proportion of liquid phases increases with temperature increasing. The reduction reaction belongs to liquid-solid reaction. The reaction kinetics was chemical reaction controlled at initial stage and diffusion controlled at longer time interval. The apparent activation energy was calculated to be 83.8 kJ/mol (chemical controlled) and 224.9 kJ/mol (diffusion controlled) for reduction of sinter slag. For the synthetic slag, the reaction activation energy was 102.9 kJ/mol at initial stage and 259.4 kJ/mol at diffusion controlled stage.
Data-driven ASIC for Multichannel Sensors

An approach and its implementation in 0.18 μm CMOS process of the multichannel ASIC for capacitive (up to 30 pF) sensors are described in the paper. The main design aim was to study an analog data-driven architecture. The design was done for an analog derandomizing function of the 128 to 16 structure. That means that the ASIC structure should provide a parallel front-end readout of 128 input analog sensor signals and after the corresponding fast commutation with appropriate arbitration logic their processing by means of 16 output chains, including analog-to-digital conversion. The principal feature of the ASIC is a low power consumption within 2 mW/channel (including a 9-bit 20Ms/s ADC) at a maximum average channel hit rate not less than 150 kHz. Keywords—Data-driven architecture, derandomizer, multichannel sensor readout
OpenDesignStudio: virtual studio development over a decade

This paper presents a case study on OpenDesignStudio (ODS), an online, virtual design studio used to support a Design and Innovation qualification at The Open University (UK). The case presents the main design and development iterations ODS over a period of nearly 15 years and presents recent usage data of large-scale student populations (3000+ students). As such it is one of the largest and longest online, distance design studios, representing a unique longitudinal study of Virtual Design Studio use. The case highlights the importance of learning design, social learning mechanisms, and induction into studio culture.
MENTORING AND DOMESTIC RADICALIZATION

Research directly addressing mentoring as it relates to domestic radicalization among youth is extremely limited in amount (nine studies) and scope (e.g., carried out primarily in non-U.S. contexts) and as a whole is lacking in methodological rigor (e.g., no well-controlled studies of program effectiveness). As such, available evidence is largely insufficient for answering any of the above A Program of NATIONAL
Geometry of singular surfaces

We start to introduce wavefronts and singularity. We deal with recognition problem of singularities of fronts. We give useful criteria for generic singularities of fronts, namely cuspidal edge and swallowtail, and it play a fundamental role in the other two parts. We give examples of recognition of singularities arisen from some differential geometric situations. Criteria for other fundamental singularities will be also presented.