Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interactions between Nitrogen Fixation and Osmoregulation in the Methanogenic Archaeon Methanosarcina barkeri 227

ABSTRACT The nitrogenase enzyme complex of Methanosarcina barkeri 227 was found to be more sensitive to NaCl than previously studied molybdenum nitrogenases are, with total inhibition of activity occurring at 190 mM NaCl, compared with >600 mM NaCl forAzotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurianum nitrogenases. Na+ and K+ had equivalent effects, whereas Mg2+ was more inhibitory than either monovalent cation, even on a per-charge basis. The anion Cl− was more inhibitory than acetate was. Because M. barkeri 227 is a facultative halophile, we examined the effects of external salt on growth and diazotrophy and found that inhibition of growth was not greater with N2 than with NH4+. Cells grown with N2 and cells grown with NH4+ produced equal concentrations of α-glutamate at low salt concentrations and equal concentrations ofNɛ-acetyl-β-lysine at NaCl concentrations greater than 500 mM. Despite the high energetic cost of fixing nitrogen for these osmolytes, we obtained no evidence that there is a shift towards nonnitrogenous osmolytes during diazotrophic growth. In vitro nitrogenase enzyme assays showed that at a low concentration (approximately 100 mM) potassium glutamate enhanced activity but at higher concentrations this compound inhibited activity; 50% inhibition occurred at a potassium glutamate concentration of approximately 400 mM.
Meromorphic tensor categories

We introduce the notion of meromorphic tensor category and illustrate it in several examples. They include representations of quantum affine algebras, chiral algebras of Beilinson and Drinfeld, G-vertex algebras of Borcherds, and representations of GL over a local field. Hopefully the formalism will accomodate various tensor structures arising in relation to the quantized Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations and deformed CFT
International Conference on Information Systems ( ICIS ) 1-1-2010 EFORMING THE ELECTORATE : PATTERNS OF TECHNOLOGY USE

This paper discusses research-in-progress on a long itudinal study of technology usage by incumbent members of the U.S. Congress on their off icial Congressional homepages to “routinely” communicate with the public and with their constitu encies as well as technology usage on campaign homepages for the purpose of political cam paigning. By examining the types of information technologies embedded on and linked to from both types of homepages, we propose to track technology usage over time in order to study the diffusion and adoption of information technologies within the political arena. Drawing o n diffusion of innovation and institutional isomorphism as our theoretical framework, we propos e that examining patterns of diffusion of three categories of information technology – Web 1. 0, Web 2.0, and Social Networking technologies – will provide us with insights into t he changing nature of political communication strategies enabled by information technology, as we ll as insights into factors underlying institutional technology diffusion.
Identifying Utility Functions Using Random Forests

Utility functions are general purpose functions, which are useful in many parts of a system. To facilitate reuse, they are usually implemented in specific libraries. However, developers frequently miss opportunities to implement general-purpose functions in utility libraries, which decreases the chances of reuse. In this paper, we describe our ongoing investigation on using Random Forest classifiers to automatically identify utility functions. Using a list of static source code metrics we train a classifier to identify such functions, both in Java (using 84 projects from the Qualitas Corpus) and in JavaScript (using 22 popular projects from GitHub). We achieve the following median results for Java: 0.90 (AUC), 0.83 (precision), 0.88 (recall), and 0.84 (F-measure). For JavaScript, the median results are 0.80 (AUC), 0.75 (precision), 0.89 (recall), and 0.76 (F-measure).
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SELF-ESTEEM AND POSITIVE & NEGATIVE AFFECTS IN RELATIONSHIP OF RESILIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING

his study aimed to examine the mediating role of positive and negative affects and self-esteem in the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 387 high school students from Khoramabad, Iran. The participants completed the Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor &Davidson, 2003), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES;Rosenberg, 1965), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The results of path analysis indicated a direct effect of resilience on the psychological well-being. Resilience had an indirect effect on increasing psychological well-being through positive affect and self-esteem. The positive affect and self-esteem played mediating role in the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. These findings emphasized the developing of resilience in promoting positive affect and self-esteem to increase student psychological well-being.
Antioxidant Activities of Plumbagin and Its Cu (II) Complex

Plumbagin and its Cu (II) complex [Cu (plumbagin)2]·H2O have been synthesized, and their antioxidant activities towards the inhibitory effect on DPPH free radical, reducing power, total antioxidant capacity, and inhibition on lipid peroxidation were investigated. Plumbagin and its Cu (II) complex were found to exhibit scavenging activities on DPPH radical with the inhibitory rate of 41% and 24%, respectively. The reducing power of plumbagin was outstanding at the concentrations of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/mL, compared to Cu (II) complex and synthetic antioxidant 2,6-di-ter-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT); the highest level reached 1.333 for plumbagin and 0.581 for Cu (II) complex. Also, the inhibition on lipid peroxidation of plumbagin was higher than that of Cu (II) complex and BHT, 46.4% for plumbagin and 24.5% for Cu (II) complex. The results give a strong impact for designing anticancer drugs, combined with their potential cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, which can be targeted selectively against cancer cells and increase their therapeutic index and additional advantages over other anticancer drugs.
Towards an Approach for Service-Oriented Product Line Architectures

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) has appeared as an emergent approach for developing distributed applications as a set of self-contained and business-aligned services. SOA aids solving integration and interoperability problems and provides a better Information Technology (IT) and business alignment, giving more flexibility for the enterprises. However, SOA does not provide support for high customization and systematic planned reuse to develop applications that fit customer individual needs. In this paper, we propose an approach in which SOA applications are developed as Software Product Lines (SPLs). Thus, the term Service-Oriented Product Line is used for serviceoriented applications that share common parts and vary in a regular and identifiable manner. In this context, high customization and systematic planned reuse are achieved through managed variability and the use of a two life-cycle model as in SPL engineering: core assets and product development. We conclude the paper with an initial case study in the conference management domain explaining the steps of our approach.
Derived demand for disaggregated cheese products imported into Japan

The objective of this article is to estimate the derived demand for imported cheese products into Japan when cheese import data are disaggregated by specific cheese group and by source country of production. We provide empirical measures of the sensitivity of demand to changes in total imports, own-price, and cross-prices among exporting countries for four market segments of the cheese category. Derived demands for U.S. fresh, grated, and processed cheese products are perfectly inelastic, and it is thus suggested that competition in these segments be based upon differences in product characteristics. However, the derived demand for “other” cheese is elastic, and competition can be price driven. Hence, an advantage of this paper's approach is that disaggregating import data for a product category helps identify specific marketing strategies for market segments within the category. lEconLit citations: Q110, Q130, Q170.r © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 21: 1-16, 2005.
Geodesic Conic Subdivision Curves on Surfaces

In this paper we present a nonlinear curve subdivision scheme, suitable for designing curves on surfaces. Starting with a geodesic control polygon with vertices on a surface, the scheme generates a sequence of geodesic polygons that converges to a continuous curve on the surface. In the planar case, the limit curve is a conic Bezier spline curve. Each section of the subdivision curve, corresponding to three consecutive points of the control polygon, depends on a free parameter which can be used to obtain a local control of the shape of the curve. Furthermore, it has the convex hull property. Results are extended to triangulated surfaces showing that the scheme is suitable for designing curves on these surfaces and has the convex hull property.
Look-Up Table Based Implementations of SHA-3 Finalists: JH, Keccak and Skein

Cryptographic hash functions are widely used in many information security applications like digital signatures, message authentication codes (MACs), and other forms of authentication. In response to recent advances in cryptanalysis of commonly used hash algorithms, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced a publicly open competition for selection of new standard Secure Hash Algorithm called SHA-3. One important aspect of this competition is evaluation of hardware performances of the candidates. In this work we present efficient hardware implementations of SHA-3 finalists: JH, Keccak and Skein. We propose high speed architectures using Look-Up Table (LUT) resources on FPGAs, to minimize chip area and to reduce critical path lengths. This approach allows us to design data paths of SHA-3 finalists with minimum resources and higher clock frequencies. We implemented and investigated the performance of these candidates on modern and latest FPGA devices from Xilinx. This work serves as performance investigation of leading SHA-3 finalists on most up-to-date FPGAs.
Sloan School of Management Working Paper 4215-01 November 2001 External sourcing of core technologies and the architectural dependency of teams

How do teams complete a task involving critical knowledge that is both complex and external to the team itself? This is a task characterized by a particularly difficult tradeoff between external search for important knowledge on one hand and internal coordination on the other. I explore the question in an inductive study of new product development teams in the pharmaceutical industry. Specifically, I investigate different approaches to managing the important task of core technology sourcing (the identification, evaluation and integration of an external technology that constitutes a core subsystem of the product). This research resulted in two key findings. First, in contrast to previous research suggesting that high-performing teams do not engage in any significant external search for complex knowledge, or that such search should be limited to the early stage of a team’s work, the study finds that a positive team outcome is associated with continuous deployment of many search modalities of different kinds. By coupling this search behavior with intensive communication and flexible decision-making, internal coordination problems are offset and the benefits of external search are leveraged. Second, this research shows that search behavior is significantly dependent on factors external to the team. Specifically, search behavior is enabled by factors in the task environment, such as how structures and processes are designed at the organizational level, and by the knowledge handed down by previous teams. I develop the concept of “architectural dependency” to capture how the behavior of core technology sourcing teams is dependent on factors configured across three fundamental dimensions (the team, the task environment, the behavior of previous teams), and importantly, the way that they are linked together. These architectures of factors are molded only slowly over time, and I found this change to be driven by the overarching organizational regime adopted at the organizational level. I conclude by discussing conditions under which architectural dependency may be useful as an interpretive key to team behavior in settings other than core technology sourcing.
A GENERALIZATION OF THE NOISY-OR MODEL

In this paper we generalize the noisy-or model. The generalization is two-fold. First, we allow parents to be multivalued ordinal variables. Second, parents can have both positive and negative influences on their common child. Our generalization has several advantages: it requires only one parameter per parent, the child variable is still binary, and each inhibition probability depends on the value of the corresponding parent. We show that our generalized noisy-or model belongs to the family of Generalized Linear Models, namely, it is a subfamily of Poisson Regression models. We suggest a method for learning the models and report results of experiments on the Reuters text classification data. The multivalued noisy-or achieved better performance than standard noisy-or for classes with lower number of documents.
Estimation of energy expenditure among malaysian young adults: A pilot study comparing heart rate monitoring (HRM) method and activity diary (AD) method

Introduction: Accurate yet inexpensive methods for measuring free-living energy expenditure (EE) are much needed. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of heart-rate monitoring method (HRM) in measuring EE as compared to the established activity diary (AD) method. Methodology: Minute-by-minute HRM and an activity diary (AD) were used simultaneously in 34 young adults (18 females, 16 males; mean age 21.5 ± 1.5 years). Estimates of the EE from HRM were based on individual calibration using the Flex-HR procedure while EE from AD were calculated using both individually measured and published energy cost of various activities. Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) and its components (EE during sleep, during rest and during physical activity) were compared using Student paired-t tests. Results: TDEE from HRM method averaged 8.17 ± 2.00 MJ/day compared to 8.50 ± 1.28 MJ/day from AD method. Although large intra-individual differences were found (ranging from -36.9% to 47.4%), there was no significant difference between the two methods (mean difference -3.6 ± 19.4%). The limits of agreement (mean ± 2SD) were -3.77 and 3.11 MJ/day. There were no significant differences for any of the TDEE components between the two methods, except for EE during sleep (p<0.05). Conclusion: HRM method was found to be a feasible method for assessment of EE, and was comparable to AD for group assessment of TDEE and its components.
Physical constrains and productivity in the future Arctic Ocean

Todays physical oceanography and primary and secondary production was investigated for the entire Arctic Ocean with the physical-biologically coupled SINMOD model. To obtain indications on the effect of climate change in the 21th century the magnitude of change, and where and when these may take place SINMOD was forced with down-scaled climate trajectories of the International Panel of Climate Change with the A1B climate scenario which appears to predict an average global atmospheric temperature increase of 3.5 to 4 °C at the end of this century. It is projected that some surface water features of the physical oceanography in the Arctic Ocean and adjacent regions will change considerably. The largest changes will occur along the continuous domains of Pacific and in particular regarding Atlantic Water advection and the inflow shelves. Withdrawal of ice will increase primary production, but stratification will persist or, for the most, get stronger as a function of ice-melt and thermal warming along the inflow shelves. Thus the nutrient dependent new and harvestable production will not increase proportionally with increasing photosynthetic active radiation. The greatest increases in primary production are found along the Eurasian perimeter of the Arctic Ocean (up to 40 g C m-2 y-1) and in particular in the northern Barents and Kara Seas (40-80 g C m-2 y-1) where less ice-cover implies less Arctic Water and thus less stratification. Along the shelf break engirdling the Arctic Ocean upwelling and vertical mixing supplies nutrients to the euphotic zone when ice-cover withdraws northwards. The production of Arctic copepods along the Eurasian perimeter of the Arctic Ocean will increase significantly by the end of this century (2-4 g C m-2 y-1). Primary and secondary production will decrease along the southern sections of the continuous advection domains of Pacific and Atlantic Water due to increasing thermal stratification. In the central Arctic Ocean primary production will not increase much due to stratification-induced nutrient limitation.
Energy Scaling Advantages of Resistive Memory Crossbar Based Computation and Its Application to Sparse Coding

The exponential increase in data over the last decade presents a significant challenge to analytics efforts that seek to process and interpret such data for various applications. Neural-inspired computing approaches are being developed in order to leverage the computational properties of the analog, low-power data processing observed in biological systems. Analog resistive memory crossbars can perform a parallel read or a vector-matrix multiplication as well as a parallel write or a rank-1 update with high computational efficiency. For an N × N crossbar, these two kernels can be O(N) more energy efficient than a conventional digital memory-based architecture. If the read operation is noise limited, the energy to read a column can be independent of the crossbar size (O(1)). These two kernels form the basis of many neuromorphic algorithms such as image, text, and speech recognition. For instance, these kernels can be applied to a neural sparse coding algorithm to give an O(N) reduction in energy for the entire algorithm when run with finite precision. Sparse coding is a rich problem with a host of applications including computer vision, object tracking, and more generally unsupervised learning.
Indoor identification and tracking using advanced multimodal approach

Significant research efforts have been directed toward human identification and tracking approaches as an infrastructure for supporting innovative smart home services. Even though various approaches have been proposed to tackle this problem, solutions still remain elusive due to various reasons. The aim of this paper is to develop and implement an advanced approach to detect and identify persons within opportune and calm smart home environment. A novel multimodal approach is proposed for non-tagged human identification and tracking. Smart floor and pyroelectric infrared sensors are combined through unique integration strategy to extract explicit information indicating a person's body surface area. This information significantly improved the identification accuracy. Data processing in the proposed approach has divided into different stages including: pattern segmentation and generation, features extraction, feature fusion, and pattern classification. Test cases were designed and carried out to test and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Performance analysis of MIMO based multi-user cooperation diversity system using hybrid FDMA-TDMA technique

User cooperation technique exploits the diversity in wireless networks. In this paper, we have analyzed a hybrid FDMA-TDMA access technique in a cooperative distributive fashion introducing and implementing a modified protocol introduced in [1]. We have defined one parameter termed as cooperation gain parameter (CGP) which is the function of transmitter-to-receiver average received signal to noise ratios. Depending on the value of CGP, we decide that whether we proceed with the direct transmission or using the cooperation in consideration. For instance, if value of CGP (G ≪ 1), the system will undergo the direct transmission and we termed as Power Gain Protocol (PGP) and if (G ≫ 1), the system will be operated in Power and Cooperation Diversity Gain Protocol (PCDGP). Vertical BLAST (Bell Laboratories Layered Space Time) or V-BLAST with minimum mean square error (MMSE) nulling is used at the relays to perfectly detect the joint signals from multiple source terminals. The performance is analyzed using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme and investigated over independent and identical (i.i.d) Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading environments. Subsequently, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide better signal quality of uplink users in a cooperative communication system using hybrid FDMA-TDMA technique.
FULL-RCMA: a high utilization EPON

This paper proposes an alternate solution for Ethernet passive optical networks. Our solution uses a novel protocol named full utilization local loop request contention multiple-access protocol to efficiently provide communications in passive optical networks. We study the physical layer implementation, as well as medium access control (MAC) layer protocol performance to illustrate the feasibility and benefit of our solution. The performance studies show that the MAC protocol is capable of offering 95% channel utilization under heavy load conditions. The performance results also indicate that delivery of multimedia traffic with a high quality-of-service can be achieved with our solution.
Identifying statistically significant patterns in gene expression data

Motivation: Clustering techniques are routinely applied to identify patterns of co-expression in gene expression data. Co-regulation, and involvement of genes in similar cellular function, is subsequently inferred from the clusters which are obtained. Increasingly sophisticated algorithms have been applied to microarray data, however, less attention has been given to the statistical significance of the results of clustering studies. We present a technique for the analysis of commonly used hierarchical linkage-based clustering called Significance Analysis of Linkage Trees (SALT). Results: The statistical significance of pairwise similarity levels between gene expression profiles, a measure of co-expression, is established using a surrogate data analysis method. We find that a modified version of the standard linkage technique, complete-linkage, must be used to generate hierarchical linkage trees with the appropriate properties. The approach is illustrated using synthetic data generated from a novel model of gene expression profiles and is then applied to previously analysed microarray data on the transcriptional response of human fibroblasts to serum stimulation.