Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREDICT-CP: study protocol of implementation of comprehensive surveillance to predict outcomes for school-aged children with cerebral palsy

Objectives Cerebral palsy (CP) remains the world’s most common childhood physical disability with total annual costs of care and lost well-being of $A3.87b. The PREDICT-CP (NHMRC 1077257 Partnership Project: Comprehensive surveillance to PREDICT outcomes for school age children with CP) study will investigate the influence of brain structure, body composition, dietary intake, oropharyngeal function, habitual physical activity, musculoskeletal development (hip status, bone health) and muscle performance on motor attainment, cognition, executive function, communication, participation, quality of life and related health resource use costs. The PREDICT-CP cohort provides further follow-up at 8–12 years of two overlapping preschool-age cohorts examined from 1.5 to 5 years (NHMRC 465128 motor and brain development; NHMRC 569605 growth, nutrition and physical activity). Methods and analyses This population-based cohort study undertakes state-wide surveillance of 245 children with CP born in Queensland (birth years 2006–2009). Children will be classified for Gross Motor Function Classification System; Manual Ability Classification System, Communication Function Classification System and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System. Outcomes include gross motor function, musculoskeletal development (hip displacement, spasticity, muscle contracture), upper limb function, communication difficulties, oropharyngeal dysphagia, dietary intake and body composition, participation, parent-reported and child-reported quality of life and medical and allied health resource use. These detailed phenotypical data will be compared with brain macrostructure and microstructure using 3 Tesla MRI (3T MRI). Relationships between brain lesion severity and outcomes will be analysed using multilevel mixed-effects models. Ethics and dissemination The PREDICT-CP protocol is a prospectively registered and ethically accepted study protocol. The study combines data at 1.5–5 then 8–12 years of direct clinical assessment to enable prediction of outcomes and healthcare needs essential for tailoring interventions (eg, rehabilitation, orthopaedic surgery and nutritional supplements) and the projected healthcare utilisation. Trial registration number ACTRN: 12616001488493
Modeling Spatial-Temporal Dynamics for Traffic Prediction

Spatial-temporal prediction has many applications such as climate forecasting and urban planning. In particular, traffic prediction has drawn increasing attention in data mining research field for the growing traffic related datasets and for its impacts in real-world applications. For example, an accurate taxi demand prediction can assist taxi companies to pre-allocate taxis to meet with commuting demands. The key challenge of traffic prediction lies in how to model the complex spatial and temporal dependencies. In this paper, we make two important observations which have not been considered by previous studies: (1) the spatial dependency between locations are dynamic; and (2) the temporal dependency follows strong periodicity but is not strictly periodic for its dynamic temporal shifting. Based on these two observations, we propose a novel Spatial-Temporal Dynamic Network (STDN) framework. In this framework, we propose a flow gating mechanism to learn the dynamic similarity between locations via traffic flow. A periodically shifted attention mechanism is designed to handle long-term periodic dependency and periodic temporal shifting. Furthermore, we extend our framework from region-based traffic prediction to traffic prediction for road intersections by using graph convolutional structure. We conduct extensive experiments on several large-scale real traffic datasets and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach over state-of-the-art methods.
Effects of diamondcoated tools in micro-drilling of CFRP plates using a high-speed spindle

Abstract Superior performances of carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP) such as light and higher strength are attracted attention as an alternative material of metal. An application as a printed wiring boards (PWBs) material focuses on its higher thermal conductivity adding to the above properties. The PWBs need so many micro-drilled holes. However, CFRP is well known as one of the difficult-to-cut materials. In the present research, the fundamental micro-drilling phenomena of CFRP were revealed through an experimental approach. This study describes characteristics on micro-drilling, 1 mm or less in diameter, of a CFRP plate using a high-speed spindle. To investigate them, cutting forces such as a thrust force and torque were measured by high-resolution dynamometers and a drill temperature during drilling was monitored by a thermography. In particular, diamond-coated tools were prepared in order to improve tool life. As a result of comparison with conventional non-coated tools, some unique tendencies are revealed. Experimental result shows superior performance of diamond-coated tools for micro-drilling of CFRP.
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 mediates migration of Th1 and Th17 cells across human retinal vascular endothelium.

PURPOSE Autoimmune inflammation of the retina causes vision loss in the majority of affected individuals. Th1 or Th17 cells initiate the disease on trafficking from the circulation into the eye across the retinal vascular endothelium. We investigated the ability of human Th1- and Th17-polarized cells to cross a simulated human retinal endothelium, and examined the role of IgG superfamily members in this process. METHODS Th1- and Th17-polarized cell populations were generated from human peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells, using two Th1- and Th17-polarizing protocols. Transendothelial migration assays were performed over 18 hours in Boyden chambers, after seeding the transwell membrane with human retinal endothelial cells. In some assays intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), or activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) blocking antibody, or isotype- and concentration-matched control antibody, was added to the upper chambers. RESULTS Th1- and Th17-polarized cells migrated equally efficiently across the human retinal endothelial monolayer. The percentage of IL-17(+) IFN-γ(-) Th17-polarized cells was reduced following migration. Blocking ICAM-1, but not VCAM-1 or ALCAM, significantly reduced migration of Th1- and Th17-polarized cells for a majority of human donors. CONCLUSIONS Taken in the context of other literature on transendothelial migration, our results illustrate the importance of investigating the specific tissue and vascular endothelium when considering helper T cell migration in autoimmune inflammation. Our findings further indicate that while generalizations about involvement of specific adhesion molecules in uveitis and other autoimmune disease may be possible, these may not apply to individual patients universally. The observations are relevant to the use of adhesion blockade for therapeutic purposes.
Shunt‐Blocking Layers for Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells have shown phenomenal progress and have great potential to be manufactured as low‐cost large area modules. However, perovskite films often suffer from pinholes and the resulting contact between hole‐ and electron transporting layers provides lower resistance (shunt) pathways, leading to decreased open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. This problem is even more severe in large area cells and especially in the case of neutral color semitransparent cells, where a large absorber‐free area is required to provide the desired transparency. Herein, a simple, inexpensive, and scalable wet chemical method is presented to block these “shunting paths” via deposition of transparent, insulating molecular layers, which preferentially bind to the uncovered surface of the electron collecting oxide, without hindering charge extraction from the perovskite to the charge collection layers. It is shown that this method improves the performance in semitransparent cells, where the enhancement in open‐circuit voltage is up to 30% without negatively impacting the photocurrent. Using this method, we achieved an efficiency of 6.1% for a neutral color semitransparent perovskite cell with 38% average visible transmittance. This simple shunt blocking technique has applications in improving the yield as well as efficiency of large area perovskite solar cells and light emitting devices.
Ceramic Fasteners For High Temperature Applications

D uring the development of light weighted components for re-entry space vehicles which are subjected to very high temperatures, as e.g. heat shields or rudders the necessity of an adequate fixation method became evident, in order to allow the manufacture of complex shaped designs and to attach the hot parts to the cold structure. Threaded high temperature fasteners (HTF) which comprise screws, nuts and washers and which are manufactured from the same material as the hot components to be joint, i.e. from C-SiC, were considered as the best solution to fulfil the specific requirements:
The Effect of Ketamine Administration on Nocturnal Sleep Architecture

Substantial evidence exists in the acute, rehabilitative and outpatient settings demonstrating the presence of significant sleep pattern disturbances after burn injury. Although the etiology is multifactorial and includes environmental, injury, and treatment mediators, previous clinical studies have not analyzed the critically important relationship of various medications to sleep architecture. The purpose of this investigation was to describe the after-effect of ketamine on sleep patterns in seriously ill burn patients. Forty pediatric patients with a mean TBSA burn of 50.1 ± 2.9% (range, 22–89%) and full-thickness injury of 43.2 ± 3.6% (range, 24–89%) were enrolled in this sleep study. Twenty-three of the 40 patients received ketamine on the day of polysomnography testing. Standard polysomnographic sleep variables were measured from 10:00 pm until 7:00 am. Chi-square test and t-test were used for comparison of descriptive variables between the ketamine and nonketamine groups. A logarithmic transformation was used for analysis when necessary. Ketamine administration was associated with reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep when compared with patients who did not receive ketamine on the day of the sleep study (P < 0.04). Both ketamine and nonketamine groups were clearly REM deficient when compared with nonburn norms. There was no relationship between ketamine use and effect on nocturnal total sleep time, number of awakenings, or percent of time awake or in stage 1, 2, or 3 + 4 sleep. In conclusion, ketamine was associated with altered sleep architecture as evidenced by a reduction in REM sleep. This finding does not seem to be clinically significant when considering the magnitude of overall REM sleep pattern disturbance observed in both the ketamine and nonketamine groups compared with nonburn norms. Further research is required to identify potential mechanisms of disturbed sleep so that appropriate interventions can be developed.
Color-luminance adjustment for image cloning based on mean-value coordinates

Image cloning could seamlessly copy and paste the interesting region from the source image into the target image to produce natural-looking and pleasing cloned result. This paper proposes an efficient color-luminance adjustment method to preserve the color of source image in object cloned region while insure the seamless transition between the source image and target image. We use an improved mean-value coordinates cloning to generate a mean-value membrane, and modulate the membrane according to automatic computed weighted parameter in different color channels. Furthermore, a constrained weighted parameter is utilized to make the cloned result match well with the target image on the luminance. The experimental results demonstrate that our method could obtain natural-looking and pleasing cloned result.
Enzalutamide in castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients with visceral disease in the liver and/or lung: Outcomes from the randomized controlled phase 3 AFFIRM trial

Patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and visceral metastases have a worse prognosis than those with nonvisceral metastases. Treatment with the androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide in the phase 3 AFFIRM trial led to significant improvements in outcomes for patients with mCRPC. For the current report, the authors analyzed the efficacy of enzalutamide among patients from the AFFIRM trial who had visceral disease.
Spatial Locality-Aware Sparse Coding and Dictionary Learning

Nonlinear encoding of SIFT features has recently shown good promise in image classification. This scheme is able to reduce the training complexity of the traditional bag-of-feature approaches while achieving better performance. As a result, it is suitable for large-scale image classification applications. However, existing nonlinear encoding methods do not explicitly consider the spatial relationship when encoding the local features, but merely leaving the spatial information used at a later stage, e.g. through the spatial pyramid matching, is largely inadequate. In this paper, we propose a joint sparse coding and dictionary learning scheme that take the spatial information into consideration in encoding. Our experiments on synthetic data and benchmark data demonstrate that the proposed scheme can learn a better dictionary and achieve higher classification accuracy.
Effects of Fat and Fatty Acid Intake on Inflammatory and Immune Responses: A Critical Review

intakes, and the relative relevance of direct AA intakes versus endogenous production, have not been fully assessed. • Formation of LC n–3 FA, especially to DHA, from ALA appears to be rather inefficient, although somewhat higher conversion rates have been shown in premenopausal women than in men [Giltay et al., 2004]. • There is competition between the two metabolic pathways, especially at the desaturation steps, and at the cellular level competition may also take place for the esterification into the 2 position of glycerol of glycerolipids, depending on the relative abundance of the competing FA [Visioli et al., 2006]. • Since the production of LC PUFA from precursors and of the transporters (e.g. lipoproteins) from the site of synthesis to cells takes place mainly in the liver, hepatic metabolism in relation to physiological states (e.g. neonates, pregnancy, ageing) and to pathological conditions may affect the overall availability of LC PUFA to cellular compartments. An additional relevant issue in the overall relationships between the intakes of LC PUFA, especially those that are present in very low amounts in the diet while being of unique nutritional importance, such as the LC n–3 PUFA, concerns their bioavailability in relation to the matrix (food vs. formulation). Available data indicate that elevation of circulating levels of these FA is greater when they are ingested as food components rather than as formuIntroduction
Diversity and Distribution of Cryptic Species of the Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) complex in Pakistan

Abstract Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius; Hempitera: Aleyrodidae) is considered to be a cryptic (sibling) species complex, the members of which exhibit morphological invariability while being genetically and behaviorally distinct. Members of the complex are agricultural pests that cause direct damage by feeding on plants, and indirectly by transmitting viruses that cause diseases leading to reduced crop yield and quality. In Pakistan, cotton leaf curl disease, caused by multiple begomovirus species, is the most economically important viral disease of cotton. In the study outlined here, the diversity and geographic distribution of B. tabaci cryptic species was investigated by analyzing a taxonomically informative fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene (mtCOI-3′). The mtCOI-3′ sequence was determined for 285 adult whiteflies and found to represent six cryptic species, the most numerous being Asia II-1 and Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM-1), the later also referred to as the B-biotype, which was previously thought to be confined to Sindh province but herein, was also found to be present in the Punjab province.The endemic Asia I was restricted to Sindh province, while an individual in the Asia II-8 was identified in Pakistan for the first time. Also for the first time, samples were collected from northwestern Pakistan and Asia II-1 was identified. Results indicate that in Pakistan the overall diversity of B. tabaci cryptic species is high and, based on comparisons with findings from previous studies, the distribution is dynamic.
A novel self-sensing piezoelectric microcantilever-based sensor for detection of ultrasmall masses and biological species

i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iiii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF FIGURES vii LIST OF TABLES xi CHAPTER 1. MOTIVATION AND PROBLEM STATEMENT 1 1.1. Problem Statement 1 1.2. Contributions 2 1.3. Dissertation Overview 3 CHAPTER 2. INTORDUCTION AND PRELIMINARIES 6 2.1. ImmunoAssay Techniques 7 2.1.1. Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) 8 2.1.2. RadioAllergoSorben Test (RAST) 10 2.1.3. RadioImmunoAssay (RIA) 11 2.1. 4. Immunofluorescence 12 2.1. 5. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot (ELISPOT) 12 2.1. 6. Disadvantages of immunoassay diagnosis 12 2.2. Diagnosis Based on Nanomaterial Immunoassay 14 2.2.1. Nanoparicle-based immunosensors 14 2.2.2. Bio-Barcode technology for protein detection 16 2.2.3. Nanowire array for protein detection 17 2.2.4. Carbon nanotube-based electrochemical immunosensor 19 2.3. Electrochemical Immunosensors 20 2.3. 1. Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) 22 2.3. 2. Diagnosis with MC-based biosensors 23 2.4. Key Challenges and Unique Opportunities 25 CHAPTER 3. COMPREHENSIVE MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PIEZOACTIVE MICROCANTILEVER-BASED SYSTEMS 31 3.
ZiFi: Exploiting Cross-Technology Interference Signatures for Wireless LAN Discovery

Wi-Fi networks have enjoyed an unprecedent penetration rate in recent years. However, due to the limited coverage, existing Wi-Fi infrastructure only provides intermittent connectivity for mobile users. Once leaving the current network coverage, Wi-Fi clients must actively discover new Wi-Fi access points (APs), which wastes the precious energy of mobile devices. Although several solutions have been proposed to address this issue, they either require significant modifications to existing network infrastructures or rely on context information that is not available in unknown environments. In this work, we develop a system called ZiFithat utilizes ZigBee radios to identify the existence of Wi-Fi networks through unique interference signatures generated by Wi-Fi beacons. We develop a new digital signal processing algorithm called common multiple folding (CMF) that accurately amplifies periodic beacons in Wi-Fi interference signals. ZiFi also adopts a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector that can minimize the false negative (FN) rate of Wi-Fi beacon detection while satisfying the user-specified upper bound on false positive (FP) rate. We have implemented ZiFi on two platforms, a Linux netbook integrating a TelosB mote through the USB interface, and a Nokia N73 smartphone integrating a ZigBee card through the miniSD interface. Our experiments show that, under typical settings, ZiFi can detect Wi-Fi APs with high accuracy (<;5 percent total FP and FN rate), short delay (~780 ms), and little computation overhead.
Walking compared with vigorous physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a prospective study.

CONTEXT Although many studies suggest that physical activity may reduce risk of type 2 diabetes, the role of moderate-intensity activity such as walking is not well understood. OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship of total physical activity and incidence of type 2 diabetes in women and to compare the benefits of walking vs vigorous activity as predictors of subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN AND SETTING The Nurses' Health Study, a prospective cohort study that included detailed data for physical activity from women surveyed in 11 US states in 1986, with updates in 1988 and 1992. PARTICIPANTS A total of 70,102 female nurses aged 40 to 65 years who did not have diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline (1986). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Risk of type 2 diabetes by quintile of metabolic equivalent task (MET) score, based on time spent per week on each of 8 common physical activities, including walking. RESULTS During 8 years of follow-up (534, 928 person-years), we documented 1419 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. After adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol use, history of hypertension, history of high cholesterol level, and other covariates, the relative risks (RRs) of developing type 2 diabetes across quintiles of physical activity (least to most) were 1.0, 0.77, 0.75, 0.62, and 0.54 (P for trend <.001); after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), RRs were 1.0, 0.84, 0.87, 0.77, and 0.74 (P for trend = .002). Among women who did not perform vigorous activity, multivariate RRs of type 2 diabetes across quintiles of MET score for walking were 1.0, 0.91,0.73, 0.69, and 0.58 (P for trend <.001). After adjusting for BMI, the trend remained statistically significant (RRs were 1.0, 0.95, 0.80, 0.81, 0.74; P for trend = .01). Faster usual walking pace was independently associated with decreased risk. Equivalent energy expenditures from walking and vigorous activity resulted in comparable magnitudes of risk reduction. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that greater physical activity level is associated with substantial reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes, including physical activity of moderate intensity and duration.
An Evaluation of Selection Methods for Time-Aware Effort Estimation

CONTEXT: Several studies in effort estimation havefound that it can be effective to use only recent project data for building an effort estimation model. The generality of this timeaware approach has been explored across a variety of effort estimation model approaches, organizations and definitions of recency. However, other studies have shown that it is not alwayshelpful. A question arises: how can one tell whether the approachwould be effective for a given target project? OBJECTIVE: Toinvestigate a potential method to decide between selecting recentor all project data. METHOD: Using a single-company ISBSGdata set1 studied previously in similar research, we propose andevaluate a selection method. The method utilizes a variant ofcross-validation based on recent projects to make the decision.RESULTS: There are significant differences in the estimation accuracybetween using the proposed method and using the growingportfolio (always using all available data). The method could alsoselect the better approach on average. However, the differencein estimation accuracy between using the proposed method andalways using moving windows was not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS: The selection method could select the betterapproach on average. The results contribute to developing amethod for suggesting a better approach for practitioners.
Scenario-Based Comparison of Clone Detection Techniques

Over the last decade many techniques for software clone detection have been proposed. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of the capabilities of currently available clone detection techniques. We begin with an overall survey based on criteria that capture the main features of detection techniques. We then propose a set of hypothetical editing scenarios for different clone types, and evaluate the techniques based on their estimated potential to accurately detect clones that may be created by those scenarios.