Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF THE CARRIER CONCENTRATION AND LASER PEAK INTENSITY ON THE TERAHERTZ PULSE GENERATED BY PHOTOCONDUCTIVE ANTENNAS

The possibility of terahertz generation has been investigated from a photoconductive switch based on GaAs, gated by a femtosecond laser. The emission properties of photoconductive antenna (PCA) with low-temperature-grown (LT) GaAs have been studied. In such GaAs materials presence of the charged defects induces a redistribution of the electric field between the antenna electrodes. This effect has a huge influence on the amplitude of the radiated terahertz field. In this work we demonstrate that carrier concentration enhances radiation power. Results obtained as a function of the laser excitation power (with 100 fs rise time and 1KHz repetition rate) and carrier concentration are discussed and a comparison of the performance of these devices with a conventional antenna-type (dipole) emitter is given.
Defeasible Reasoning in SROEL: from Rational Entailment to Rational Closure

In this work we study a rational extension $SROEL^R T$ of the low complexity description logic SROEL, which underlies the OWL EL ontology language. The extension involves a typicality operator T, whose semantics is based on Lehmann and Magidor's ranked models and allows for the definition of defeasible inclusions. We consider both rational entailment and minimal entailment. We show that deciding instance checking under minimal entailment is in general $\Pi^P_2$-hard, while, under rational entailment, instance checking can be computed in polynomial time. We develop a Datalog calculus for instance checking under rational entailment and exploit it, with stratified negation, for computing the rational closure of simple KBs in polynomial time.
Green recoating of cotton fiber by different starching methods

Natural fiber composites require coupling agents between phases to prevent poor adhesion between lignocellulosic fiber and a polymer matrix, which leads to a material that is not fully biodegradable. This work proposes the use of starch gum as a coupling agent for cotton fibers. The gum formation and fiber coating were characterized based on the starch paste solubility, clarity level according to UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, heated optical microscopy, and fiber weight coating. Water-starch solutions were heated at 70 ℃ for 5, 10, and 24 h with two concentrations (3 and 8 wt.%) to obtain six different systems of gelatinized starch and starched fibers. The fibers are coated during the process of gelatinization and then dried and vacuum filtered. The gelatinization occurs at 70 ℃ for bath samples heated for more than 5 h, which exhibits a more branched structure, higher thermal stability, and increased weight coating up to 140 wt. %. The recoating process promoted stronger fiber adhesion, which would make this reinforcement applicable in an industrial-scale process to produce fully biodegradable composites.
Force measurement of needle bar in process of carpet tufting and related process analysis

In order to analyze the load distribution on the main shaft,a testing method is proposed to indirectly measure the resultant force acting upon the needle bar which is the terminal actuator of the main-shaft system in a carpet tufting machine.Most testing experiments are performed in the following cases: measuring forces upon the needle bar in a single period and forces in different revolutions. This study has shown that with the increase of the speed of the main shaft the impulse on the needle bar become obvious,and the pull force upon the bar increases and varies sharply,but the maximum press force varies insignificant.The process analysis has been carried on by using the experimental data,and then methods of gradually advancing the yarn feed time or properly decreasing the base fabric′s tension are proposed to improve the load distribution.The experiments above and the related process analysis will also provide technological basis for further analysis of the equivalent force moment on the main shaft.
Optimizing Tactics for Use of the U.S. Antiviral Strategic National Stockpile for Pandemic Influenza

In 2009, public health agencies across the globe worked to mitigate the impact of the swine-origin influenza A (pH1N1) virus. These efforts included intensified surveillance, social distancing, hygiene measures, and the targeted use of antiviral medications to prevent infection (prophylaxis). In addition, aggressive antiviral treatment was recommended for certain patient subgroups to reduce the severity and duration of symptoms. To assist States and other localities meet these needs, the U.S. Government distributed a quarter of the antiviral medications in the Strategic National Stockpile within weeks of the pandemic's start. However, there are no quantitative models guiding the geo-temporal distribution of the remainder of the Stockpile in relation to pandemic spread or severity. We present a tactical optimization model for distributing this stockpile for treatment of infected cases during the early stages of a pandemic like 2009 pH1N1, prior to the wide availability of a strain-specific vaccine. Our optimization method efficiently searches large sets of intervention strategies applied to a stochastic network model of pandemic influenza transmission within and among U.S. cities. The resulting optimized strategies depend on the transmissability of the virus and postulated rates of antiviral uptake and wastage (through misallocation or loss). Our results suggest that an aggressive community-based antiviral treatment strategy involving early, widespread, pro-rata distribution of antivirals to States can contribute to slowing the transmission of mildly transmissible strains, like pH1N1. For more highly transmissible strains, outcomes of antiviral use are more heavily impacted by choice of distribution intervals, quantities per shipment, and timing of shipments in relation to pandemic spread. This study supports previous modeling results suggesting that appropriate antiviral treatment may be an effective mitigation strategy during the early stages of future influenza pandemics, increasing the need for systematic efforts to optimize distribution strategies and provide tactical guidance for public health policy-makers.
Cross‐sectional study to estimate the prevalence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli on hides of market beef cows at harvest

Cattle hides are an important source of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) carcass contamination at slaughter. Seven EHEC serogroups are adulterants in raw, non‐intact beef: EHEC O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145 and O157. The objective of this study was to estimate the probability for hide contamination with EHEC among US market beef cows at slaughter and to test the effects of season and geographic region on prevalence of hide contamination. Hides (n = 800) of market cows were swabbed at slaughter immediately after exsanguination, prior to hide removal. Cows were sampled from two geographically distinct beef packing plants during four seasons of 2015. Cattle source was categorized by northern or southern region. Samples were tested for EHEC by a molecular screening assay. The effects of region, season and their interaction on the probability of hide contamination by each EHEC serogroup were tested in separate multilevel multivariable logistic regression models, accounting for the random effect of clustering by plant. Statistical significance was set α = . 05. Of 800 total samples, at least one EHEC was detected on 630 (79%) hides. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O26 was detected on 129 (16%) of all hides sampled, EHEC O45 on 437 (55%), EHEC O103 on 289 (36%), EHEC O111 on 189 (24%), EHEC O121 on 140 (18%), EHEC O145 on 171 (21%) and EHEC O157 on 89 (11%). Detection of EHEC O26 and EHEC O121 was associated with season. Season and region were associated with detecting EHEC O45 and EHEC O157. Season‐by‐region interactions were associated with the outcome of detecting EHEC O103, EHEC O111 and EHEC O145. Season, region of origin and the interaction of these factors affect hide contamination of market beef cattle at slaughter by EHEC, and each serogroup responds to these factors uniquely.
Sociocultural Influence on Obesity and Lifestyle in Children: A Study of Daily Activities, Leisure Time Behavior, Motor Skills, and Weight Status

Background: Juvenile overweight is increasing, and effective preventive measures are needed. After years of arbitrarily assigning these measures disregarding socioeconomic and/or cultural differences, it has become necessary to tailor interventions more specific to these target groups. Providing data for such an intervention is the objective of this study. Methods: Influencing variables on children's weight status, motor skills and lifestyle have been analyzed among 997 first graders (53.2% male) involved in the Children's Health InterventionaL Trial (CHILT). Results: Median age was 6.9 years; 7.3% were obese, 8.8% were overweight. Children with low socioeconomic status (SES) were more likely to be obese (p = 0.029). Low SES (p ˂ 0.001), migration background (p = 0.001) and low sports activity levels (p = 0.007) contributed most to an increased consumption of television. Migration background (p = 0.003) and male gender (p < 0.001) were the strongest factors in predicting a greater consumption of computer/video games. Children with higher SES (p = 0.02), lower BMI (p = 0.035), and males (p = 0.001) performed better in motor tests. Conclusion: Children with a low SES and migration background were more likely to exhibit unfavorable health behavior patterns, higher BMI scores, and poorer motor skills. Interventions should integrate motivational and targeting strategies and consider cultural and educational differences to address these vulnerable groups.
Ezh2 Regulates Activation-Induced CD8+ T Cell Cycle Progression via Repressing Cdkn2a and Cdkn1c Expression

Transition from resting to cell cycle in response to antigenic stimulation is an essential step for naïve CD8+ T cells to differentiate to effector and memory cells. Leaving the resting state requires dramatic changes of chromatin status in the key cell cycle inhibitors but the details of these concerted events are not fully elucidated. Here, we showed that Ezh2, an enzymatic component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzing the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27me3), regulates activation induced naïve CD8+ T cells proliferation and apoptosis. Upon deletion of Ezh2 during thymocyte development (Ezh2fl/flCd4Cre+ mice), naive CD8+ T cells displayed impaired proliferation and increased apoptosis in response to antigen stimulation. However, naive CD8+ T cells only had impaired proliferation but no increase in apoptosis when Ezh2 was deleted after activation (Ezh2fl/flGzmBCre+ mice), suggesting cell cycle and apoptosis are temporally separable events controlled by Ezh2. We then showed that deletion of Ezh2 resulted in the increase in expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors Cdkn2a (p16 and Arf) and Cdkn1c (p57) in activated naïve CD8+ T cells as the consequence of reduced levels of H3K27me3 at these two gene loci. Finally, with real time imaging, we observed prolonged cell division times of naïve CD8+ T cells in the absence of Ezh2 post in vitro stimulation. Together, these findings reveal that repression of Cdkn1c and Cdkn2a by Ezh2 plays a critical role in execution of activation-induced CD8+ T cell proliferation.
Effects of Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Frequency of Protein Consumption, Lower Extremity Strength and Lean Mass on All-Cause Mortality

Background No study has evaluated the potential independent and cumulative effects of physical activity, sedentary behavior, daily frequency of protein consumption, lean mass and muscular strength on mortality risk. Methods Data from the 1999–2002 NHANES were utilized (N = 1,079 adults 50–85 yr), with follow-up through 2011. Leg lean mass was estimated from DXA scans. Knee extensor strength was assessed using the Kin Com MP dynamometer. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed via questionnaire, with the number of meals/day of ≥30 g of protein/meal assessed via a “multiple pass” 24-hour dietary interview. An index score was created (range = 0–5) indicating the number of these health characteristics each participant had. Results Only less sedentary behavior was independently associated with reduced mortality risk (HRadjustment = 0.46; 0.32–0.66). After adjustments, and compared to those with an index score of 0, those with an index score of 1, 2 and 3+, respectively, had a 34%, 49%, and 57% reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Conclusion While considering physical activity, sedentary behavior, daily protein frequency consumption, lean mass and muscular strength, only sedentary behavior was independently associated with mortality risk among older adults.
IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCES OF METAL IN THE AGRICULTURAL SOILS OF GUANZHONG PLAIN , NORTHWEST CHINA Running title : Identification of sources of metal in agricultural soils

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A New Way of Identifying Biomarkers in Biomedical Basic-Research Studies

A simple, nonparametric and distribution free method was developed for quick identification of the most meaningful biomarkers among a number of candidates in complex biological phenomena, especially in relatively small samples. This method is independent of rigid model forms or other link functions. It may be applied both to metric and non-metric data as well as to independent or matched parallel samples. With this method identification of the most relevant biomarkers is not based on inferential methods; therefore, its application does not require corrections of the level of significance, even in cases of thousands of variables. Hence, the introduced method is appropriate to analyze and evaluate data of complex investigations in clinical and pre-clinical basic research, such as gene or protein expressions, phenotype-genotype associations in case-control studies on the basis of thousands of genes and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism), search of prevalence in sleep EEG-Data, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or others.
Characterization of functional and structural deficits in a canine model of compressive optic neuropathy using optical coherence tomography and pattern electroretinography

Purpose: To evaluate functional and structural deficits in a canine model of compressive optic neuropathy (CON). Methods: CON was induced in healthy beagles by implanting a silicone implant into the orbit and inducing optic nerve compression for 24 hours. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness was evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Pattern electroretinography (pERG) was performed to evaluate retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function 10 minutes and 30, 90 and 180 days after CON induction. Results: Optic nerve compression resulted in significant immediate pERG deficits (P50N95=0.4+0.1μV; mean+SEM) when compared to control (6.2+0.4 μV; p<0.0001). Analysis of OCT scans in the area centralis immediately after compression showed significant increase in RNFL thickness in CON dogs (39.5+1.8 μm) when compared to control values (26.4+1.5 μm, p<0.0001). Increased area centralis RNFL thickness correlated significantly with pERG deficits (r= 0.43, p=0.03). Analysis of peripapillary RNFL showed significantly decreased thickness (p=0.0098), which did not correlate with pERG deficits. Analysis of area centralis showed progressive loss of RNFL thickness at 90 and 180 days post compression. PERG amplitudes showed significant recovery at 90 days post compression (p<0.05), but this effect was gone by 180 days. Full-field ERG recordings did not reveal deficits at any time. Conclusions: CON resulted in initial thickening of area centralis RNFL, followed by progressive RNFL loss. Pattern ERG analysis showed significant temporary improvement in RGC function. Inclusion of large retinal blood vessel profile in peripapillary RNFL
TagFree Activity Identification with RFIDs

Human activity identification plays a critical role in many Internet-of-Things applications, which is typically achieved through attaching tracking devices, e.g., RFID tags, to human bodies. The attachment can be inconvenient and considered intrusive. A tag-free solution instead deploys stationary tags as references, and analyzes the backscattered signals that could be affected by human activities in close proximity. The information offered by today's RFID tags however are quite limited, and the typical raw data (RSSI and phase angles) are not necessarily good indicators of human activities (being either insensitive or unreliable as revealed by our realworld experiments). As such, existing tag-based activity identification solutions are far from being satisfactory, not to mention tag-free. It is also well known that the accuracy of the readings can be noticeably affected by multipath, which unfortunately is inevitable in an indoor environment and is complicated with multiple reference tags. In this paper, we however argue that multipath indeed brings rich information that can be explored to identify fine-grained human activities. Our experiments suggest that both the backscattered signal power and angle are correlated with human activities, impacting multiple paths with different levels. We present TagFree, the first RFID-based device-free activity identification system by analyzing the multipath signals. Different from conventional solutions that directly rely on the unreliable raw data, TagFree gathers massive angle information as spectrum frames from multiple tags, and preprocesses them to extract key features. It then analyzes their patterns through a deep learning framework. Our TagFree is readily deployable using off-the-shelf RFID devices and a prototype has been implemented using a commercial Impinj reader. Our extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our TagFree on activity identification in multipath-rich environments.
De Novo Transcriptome and Small RNA Analysis of Two Chinese Willow Cultivars Reveals Stress Response Genes in Salix matsudana

Salix matsudana Koidz. is a deciduous, rapidly growing, and drought resistant tree and is one of the most widely distributed and commonly cultivated willow species in China. Currently little transcriptomic and small RNAomic data are available to reveal the genes involve in the stress resistant in S. matsudana. Here, we report the RNA-seq analysis results of both transcriptome and small RNAome data using Illumina deep sequencing of shoot tips from two willow variants(Salix. matsudana and Salix matsudana Koidz. cultivar ‘Tortuosa’). De novo gene assembly was used to generate the consensus transcriptome and small RNAome, which contained 106,403 unique transcripts with an average length of 944 bp and a total length of 100.45 MB, and 166 known miRNAs representing 35 miRNA families. Comparison of transcriptomes and small RNAomes combined with quantitative real-time PCR from the two Salix libraries revealed a total of 292 different expressed genes(DEGs) and 36 different expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Among the DEGs and DEMs, 196 genes and 24 miRNAs were up regulated, 96 genes and 12 miRNA were down regulated in S. matsudana. Functional analysis of DEGs and miRNA targets showed that many genes were involved in stress resistance in S. matsudana. Our global gene expression profiling presents a comprehensive view of the transcriptome and small RNAome which provide valuable information and sequence resources for uncovering the stress response genes in S. matsudana. Moreover the transcriptome and small RNAome data provide a basis for future study of genetic resistance in Salix.
Removal of Maxilon Red GRL from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto silica

The adsorption of basic dyes (maxilon red GRL) from an aqueous solutions by silica was investigated. Adsorption of maxilon red (GRL) onto silica samples was studied by batch adsorption techniques at 24±1 oC. The adsorption behavior of maxilon red (GRL) on silica samples was investigated using a Uv-vis spectrophotometric technique. In batch system, the effect of five different initial dye concentrations and using six different times on adsorption was evaluated. Values of the removal efficiency of the dye ranged from 47.7 to 96%. The equilibrium adsorption isotherms have been studied by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The experimental results have been fitted Langmuir and Freundlich models. Langmuir adsorption capacity,q m, was found to be 3.03 mg/ g silica at 24±1 0C. Also, initial concentrations and the equilibrium concentration of dye solutions were subjected to a comprehensive colorimetric appraisal using the CIE L * a * b * colour space system.
Assessment of In vivo Antiviral Potential of Datura metel Linn. Extracts against Rabies Virus

Objective: The soxhlet, cold, and ayurvedic extracts of Datura metel Linn. were evaluated for in vivo antirabies activity. Materials and Methods: Soxhlet and cold extraction method were used to extract Datura (fruit and seed) extracts, and ayurvedic extraction of Datura was prepared. In vivo toxicity assay was performed as per the OECD 420. LD50dose was calculated by Reed and Muench method. The in vivo antirabies activity was screened in Swiss albino mice with the virus challenge dose of 10 LD50 (intracerebrally) in both preexposure (PE) and postexposure treatment with oral administration of Datura extracts in Swiss albino mice and observed for 21 days. The virus load in the mice brain was evaluated by TCID50 titration method. Results: Datura (ayurvedic preparation) was found to be nontoxic up to 2000 mg/kg in Swiss albino mice, i.e., 60 mg/30 g of mice, when administered (0.5 ml) orally and observed till 21 days. Up to 20% survival rate on the test group (PE of Datura extracts) up to 14 days postinfection as compared to the virus control group (10 LD50) was observed. No survival rate was observed in the postexposure group of Datura extract; however, the survival time was increased by 4 days as compared to the virus control group. Viral load of the infected mice brain sample was estimated in vero cell line, and 3 log reduction in the virus titer was observed in text group as compared to the virus control, suggesting that Datura extract has an in vivo antirabies activity. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of in vivo antiviral activity of an ayurvedic preparation of D. metel Linn. against rabies virus. Datura extracts have a potential in vivo antirabies activity.