Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bioluminescence Imaging of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Promoter Activity in Murine Mammary Tumorigenesis

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major inducer of angiogenesis. We generated a transgenic reporter mouse, VEGF-GL, in which an enhanced green fluorescent protein-luciferase fusion protein is expressed under the control of a human VEGF-A promoter. The VEGF-GL mouse exhibited intense bioluminescence throughout the body at 1 week of age. The signals rapidly declined to a relatively low level as the mice grew. The adult VEGF-GL mouse showed restricted bioluminescence to the areas undergoing wound healing. In contrast, the VEGF-GL mice, which were crossed with mouse mammary tumor virus-polyoma virus middle T antigen transgenic mammary tumor mice, exhibited prominent bioluminescence in the tumors, correlating with VEGF transcription. Tumor bioluminescence was observed in the bigenic mice as early as 8 weeks, before tumors were palpable, and the signals increased with tumor growth. In conclusion, the VEGF-GL mouse permits longitudinal and quantitative assessment of VEGF promoter activity in vivo. The model should facilitate understanding of the molecular controls and pathways that regulate VEGF transcription in vivo.
Bis(3,5-dimethylpyridine-κN)bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato-κS)chromium(II) toluene solvate

In the title chromium silanethiolate, [Cr(C12H27O3SSi)2(C7H9N)2]·C7H8, the CrII atom is coordinated by two S and two N atoms in a distorted square-planar geometrical arrangement. The mononuclear molecule lies on a twofold axis that passes through the pyridine N atoms. The toluene solvent molecule is equally disordered about a twofold axis.
An Improved Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Adaptive Local Search

This﻿paper﻿demonstrates﻿a﻿novel﻿local﻿search﻿approach﻿based﻿on﻿an﻿adaptive﻿(time﻿variant)﻿search﻿ space﻿ index﻿ improving﻿ the﻿ exploration﻿ ability﻿ as﻿ well﻿ as﻿ diversity﻿ in﻿ multi-objective﻿ Particle﻿ Swarm﻿Optimization. ﻿The﻿novel﻿strategy﻿searches﻿for﻿the﻿neighbourhood﻿particles﻿in﻿a﻿range﻿which﻿ gradually﻿increases﻿with﻿iterations. ﻿Particles﻿get﻿updated﻿according﻿to﻿the﻿rules﻿of﻿basic﻿PSO﻿and﻿the﻿ non-dominated﻿particles﻿are﻿subjected﻿to﻿Evolutionary﻿update﻿archiving. ﻿To﻿improve﻿the﻿diversity,﻿ the﻿ archive﻿ is﻿ truncated﻿based﻿on﻿crowding﻿distance﻿parameter. ﻿The﻿ leader﻿ is﻿ chosen﻿among﻿ the﻿ candidates﻿in﻿the﻿archive﻿based﻿on﻿another﻿local﻿search. ﻿From﻿the﻿simulation﻿results,﻿it﻿is﻿clear﻿that﻿ the﻿implementation﻿of﻿the﻿new﻿scheme﻿results﻿in﻿better﻿convergence﻿and﻿diversity﻿as﻿compared﻿to﻿ NSGA-II,﻿CMPSO,﻿and﻿SMPSO﻿reported﻿in﻿literature. ﻿Finally,﻿the﻿proposed﻿algorithm﻿is﻿used﻿to﻿solve﻿ machine﻿design﻿based﻿engineering﻿problems﻿from﻿literature﻿and﻿compared﻿with﻿existing﻿algorithms. KEywORdS Local Search, Pareto-Optimal Front, Particle Swarm Optimization, PSO, Search Space Index, True Pareto Front
THE IMPACT OF CHERNOBYL FALLOUT ON THE SOUTHERN SAAMI REINDEER HERDERS OF NORWAY IN 1996

Abstract—The reindeer-herding Southern Saamis, from Central Norway, were the population group exposed to the highest levels of radioactivity in Norway, following the Chernobyl accident. Radiocesium whole-body contents and dietary habits have been investigated regularly in this population group since 1987. Meat of semi-domesticated reindeer is important in their diet, and earlier studies have shown that contaminated reindeer meat contributes about 90% to the total intake of radiocesium. A major part of the group also consumes wild food products like game, freshwater fish, mushrooms, and berries. The application of countermeasures has been a common practice for the reindeer herders since the Chernobyl accident. According to the interviews in 1996, the three most commonly used and socially accepted countermeasures were (1) selection of reindeer for consumption after live monitoring of radiocesium concentrations; (2) selection of reindeer for consumption from less contaminated grazing areas; and (3) clean feeding of animals before slaughtering. Despite these countermeasures about one third of the population still have reduced reindeer meat intake because of the Chernobyl fallout. In 1996, the average whole body concentration of 137Cs for this population was found to be 88±7 Bq kg−1 for women and 164±11 Bq kg−1 for men (arithmetic mean ± standard error). This is approximately half of the whole-body concentration of 137Cs measured in the same population in 1990–1991.
Event-triggered control for active queue management

For the congestion problem in TCP network, active queue management algorithm based on event-triggered control is proposed. Considering the characteristics of TCP network model, the uncertainties in the model are considered. A method to co-design of event-triggered condition and controller for the control system is proposed. And a sufficient condition which guarantees the stability of the control system is given based on the Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated through a simulation example.
Convergence analysis of time-optimal model predictive control under limited computational resources

Model predictive control is a means to transit a nonlinear dynamic system from its current towards a target state subject to state and control constraints. A model-predictive controller based on Timed-Elastic-Bands (TEB-MPC) is particular suitable for time-optimal control. This contribution investigates the convergence behavior of the sparse TEB-MPC approach on two non-trivial benchmark systems under limited computational resources. It evaluates the trade-off between accuracy of the approximate optimal solution and computational efficiency. An alternative formulation of the original TEB-MPC with local transition intervals results in a higher dimensional but albeit banded problem structure. Furthermore, both formulations are compared for two different solvers, an unconstrained least-squares optimization and a primary nonlinear program. For low sampling times the former exhibits a faster rate of convergence, however the later is already superior for medium sample times. In practice, the selection of TEB-MPC realizations depends on the order and complexity of the dynamic systems contrasted with the computational resources and demands on real-time control.
SEMIQUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF FORMALDEHYDE-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE OF NORADRENALINE IN CENTRAL NORADRENALINE NERVE TERMINALS

The fluorescence-concentration relationship of noradrenaline (NA) in NA nerve terminals of rat cerebral cortex and hypothalamus demonstrated with the Falck-Hillarp formaldehyde fluoresence method has been investigated. Comparisons were made between experimentally induced changes in NA concentrations as recorded by chemical-analytical assay and fluorescence intensities of NA nerve terminals as estimated subjectively in the fluorescence microscope. The results obtained show that in cerebral cortex there was a close correlation between NA concentration and fluorescence intensity up to the normal endogenous NA level, indicating a linear relationship between the two parameters. In hypothalamus, however, a correlation between fluorescence intensity and NA concentration was observed only when the nerves contained less than 50% of the endogenous NA level. Above this value, there was no further proportional increase in fluorescence intensity, probably because of a concentration-dependent quenching of the fluorescence. Essentially the same results were obtained when investigating previously emptied NA nerve terminals refilled with various amounts of 3H-NA. The data presented clearly show that a good NA quantitation of cortical nerve terminals can be made by careful subjective estimation of the fluorescence intensity.
A Performance Evaluation of Shaped Planar Inductor Windings in Gapped Core Applications Utilizing Turns With Constant DC-Resistance

AC-losses in gapped-core planar inductor windings seem to be dominated by eddy losses induced by the time varying fringing flux near the air gap. Shaping the windings in the region of the gap reduces AC-losses but the reduction in width of planar foil conductors causes the DC-resistance to increase. The winding shape can be optimized using FEM-tools but the process is very time consuming. If the DC-resistance of the conductors is however kept constant by increasing its thickness a reduction in the AC-losses occurs continuously as the conductor tips are moved away from the gap. The optimum notch radius can now be predicted easily and is governed mainly by the geometry of the winding stack and core window. The predicted results are verified for a specific inductor design using a calorimetric experiment.
Population-Resource Balances in Period I of Oaxaca, Mexico

The implications of speculative "population pressure" models are checked against the archaeological record in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico, by means of a detailed comparison of maize potentials and ancient populations, as both change over time. There is virtually no fit. Santley's evolutionary model, inasmuch as it is operationalizable, should therefore be drastically rethought.
Uncertain programming models for portfolio selection with uncertain returns

In an indeterminacy economic environment, experts’ knowledge about the returns of securities consists of much uncertainty instead of randomness. This paper discusses portfolio selection problem in uncertain environment in which security returns cannot be well reflected by historical data, but can be evaluated by the experts. In the paper, returns of securities are assumed to be given by uncertain variables. According to various decision criteria, the portfolio selection problem in uncertain environment is formulated as expected-variance-chance model and chance-expected-variance model by using the uncertainty programming. Within the framework of uncertainty theory, for the convenience of solving the models, some crisp equivalents are discussed under different conditions. In addition, a hybrid intelligent algorithm is designed in the paper to provide a general method for solving the new models in general cases. At last, two numerical examples are provided to show the performance and applications of the models and algorithm.
Hierarchical porous materials for tissue engineering

Biological organisms have evolved to produce hierarchical three-dimensional structures with dimensions ranging from nanometres to metres. Replicating these complex living hierarchical structures for the purpose of repair or replacement of degenerating tissues is one of the great challenges of chemistry, physics, biology and materials science. This paper describes how the use of hierarchical porous materials in tissue engineering applications has the potential to shift treatments from tissue replacement to tissue regeneration. The criteria that a porous material must fulfil to be considered ideal for bone tissue engineering applications are listed. Bioactive glass foam scaffolds have the potential to fulfil all the criteria, as they have a hierarchical porous structure similar to that of trabecular bone, they can bond to bone and soft tissue and they release silicon and calcium ions that have been found to up-regulate seven families of genes in osteogenic cells. Their hierarchical structure can be tailored for the required rate of tissue bonding, resorption and delivery of dissolution products. This paper describes how the structure and properties of the scaffolds are being optimized with respect to cell response and that tissue culture techniques must be optimized to enable growth of new bone in vitro.
Impact of a stance phase microprocessor-controlled knee prosthesis on level walking in lower functioning individuals with a transfemoral amputation

Background: For individuals with transfemoral amputation, walking with a prosthesis presents challenges to stability and increases the demand on the hip of the prosthetic limb. Increasing age or comorbidities magnify these challenges. Computerized prosthetic knee joints improve stability and efficiency of gait, but are seldom prescribed for less physically capable walkers who may benefit from them. Objective: To compare level walking function while wearing a microprocessor-controlled knee (C-Leg Compact) prosthesis to a traditionally prescribed non-microprocessor-controlled knee prosthesis for Medicare Functional Classification Level K-2 walkers. Study design: Crossover. Methods: Stride characteristics, kinematics, kinetics, and electromyographic activity were recorded in 10 participants while walking with non-microprocessor-controlled knee and Compact prostheses. Results: Walking with the Compact produced significant increase in velocity, cadence, stride length, single-limb support, and heel-rise timing compared to walking with the non-microprocessor-controlled knee prosthesis. Hip and thigh extension during late stance improved bilaterally. Ankle dorsiflexion, knee extension, and hip flexion moments of the prosthetic limb were significantly improved. Conclusions: Improvements in walking function and stability on the prosthetic limb were demonstrated by the K-2 level walkers when using the C-Leg Compact prosthesis. Clinical relevance Understanding the impact of new prosthetic designs on gait mechanics is essential to improve prescription guidelines for deconditioned or older persons with transfemoral amputation. Prosthetic designs that improve stability for safety and walking function have the potential to improve community participation and quality of life.
Assessing Iron Status in CKD Patients: New Laboratory Parameters

Anemia in patients with CKD is due to many factors. Erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis are impaired as a result of a complex chain of events, including the relative deficiency of erythropoietin, chronic inflammation, blood loss, decreased iron absorption and utilization, exogenous iron and erythropoietin acquisition via biologically unregulated mechanisms (blood transfusions and medicinal erythropoietin and iron administration) (Weiss, 2009; Guidi & Santonastaso, 2010; Lankhorst & Wish, 2010).
Metecloud: A Private Cloud Platform For Meteorological Data Storage Using Hadoop

Abstract With the increasing popularity of open-source platform Hadoop, the meteorological industry is available to create a Meteorological Cloud (MeteCloud) platform to store and deploy applications. In this paper, we propose an idea to build the MeteCloud platform for meteorological departments using Hadoop. We also present a backup policy for meteorological data. In addition, one kind of storage process of the meteorological A-format file is presented. Furthermore, we experiment with one-year historical data on the platform by varying many related parameters such as the number of nodes, meteorological records and fields. Finally, the proposed MeteCloud platform proves to be efficient and suitable for the storage of meteorological data.
A Binary Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm for the Non-Unicost Set Covering Problem

The Set Covering Problem consists in finding a subset of columns in a zero-one matrix such that they cover all the rows of the matrix at a minimum cost. To solve the Set Covering Problem we use a metaheuristic called Binary Cat Swarm Optimization. This metaheuristic is a recent swarm metaheuristic technique based on the cat behavior. Domestic cats show the ability to hunt and are curious about moving objects. Based on this, the cats have two modes of behavior: seeking mode and tracing mode. We are the first ones to use this metaheuristic to solve this problem; our algorithm solves a set of 65 Set Covering Problem instances from OR-Library.
Reconstruction Of Surfaces Of 3-D Objects By M-array Pattern Projection Method

A common problem of Pattern projection methods to measure surfaces of 3-D objects is that an observed pattern possibly i ncludes disorders such as deficiency, d isplacement, and permutation of subpatterns. These disorders make it difficult to match observed patterns with its position on the projected one and cause wrong m easurements as a result. This paper proposes a new technique to correct pattern disorders by using a pattern made from an M-array which is a two-dimensional extension of a well-known M-sequence.
Synthesis and Antiretroviral Activity of Novel 4′-Fluoro-5′-Deoxyphosphonic Acid Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogs

Novel 5′-deoxycarbocyclic purine phosphonic acid analogs with the 4′-electropositive moiety, fluorine were designed, and synthesized from glyceraldehyde. The cyclopentenol intermediate, 9, was successfully synthesized by the ring-closing metathesis of divinyl 8. The condensation reaction of cyclopentanol 15 with purine bases under Mitsunobu conditions successfully afforded the desired phosphonate analogs. The synthesized nucleoside phosphonic acid analogs, 19, 22, 26, and 29, were subjected to antiviral screening against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. Guanine phosphonic acid analog 29 showed significant anti-HIV activity (EC50 = 10.3 μM).
Cadherin-11 in Synovial Lining Formation and Pathology in Arthritis

The normal synovium forms a membrane at the edges of joints and provides lubrication and nutrients for the cartilage. In rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium is the site of inflammation, and it participates in an organized tissue response that damages cartilage and bone. We identified cadherin-11 as essential for the development of the synovium. Cadherin-11–deficient mice have a hypoplastic synovial lining, display a disorganized synovial reaction to inflammation, and are resistant to inflammatory arthritis. Cadherin-11 therapeutics prevent and reduce arthritis in mouse models. Thus, synovial cadherin-11 determines the behavior of synovial cells in their proinflammatory and destructive tissue response in inflammatory arthritis.
An Algorithm for Estimation of the Amplitude and Phase of a Vibration Signal Used for Determination of Rotating Mass Unbalance

Amplitude and phase measurements are important for balancing rotating machinery by means of signal analyzers. The most common methods use fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm to find the vibration spectrum and extract imbalance force parameters. A different solution is proposed here, based on the FFT but requiring less computational power. Additionally, the algorithms needed for implementation on a vibration meter are presented
Small-Signal Analysis of the Microgrid Secondary Control Considering a Communication Time Delay

This paper presents a small-signal analysis of an islanded microgrid composed of two or more voltage-source inverters connected in parallel. The primary control of each inverter is integrated through an internal current and voltage loops using proportional resonant compensators, a virtual impedance, and an external power controller based on frequency and voltage droops. The frequency restoration function is implemented at the secondary control level, which executes a consensus algorithm that consists of a load-frequency control and a single time delay communication network. The consensus network consists of a time-invariant directed graph and the output power of each inverter is the information shared among the units, which is affected by the time delay. The proposed small-signal model is validated through simulation results and experimental results. A root locus analysis is presented that shows the behavior of the system considering control parameters and time delay variation.
Notes on the Development of the Scanderbeg Theme

EORGE CASTRIOT, the Albanian hero called Scanderbeg, was born early in the fifteenth century.1 His father, John, lord of Mat and Vumenestia, seems to have been under the somewhat uncertain protection of Venice. He was not allowed to control the city of Croya, and he received no help when the Turkish sultan, Amurath II, sent an army into Albania in 1423. The Albanians were defeated, John Castriot became perforce a vassal of the sultan, and his sons, in accordance with the Turkish recruiting system, joined Amurath's slave family at Adrianople to be trained for service to the Ottoman state.2 An early historian of Scanderbeg, Marinus Barletius,3 tells us that the boy was then in his
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoY phenotype of high-copy-number recombinants is not detectable in natural isolates

The nucleotidyl cyclase ExoY is an effector protein of the type III secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We compared the cyclic nucleotide production and lung disease phenotypes caused by the ExoY-overexpressing strain PA103ΔexoUexoT::Tc pUCPexoY, its vector control strain PA103ΔexoUexoT::Tc pUCP18, its loss-of-function control PA103ΔexoUexoT::Tc pUCPexoY K81M and natural ExoY-positive and ExoY-negative isolates in a murine acute airway infection model. Only the P. aeruginosa carrier of the exoY-plasmid produced high levels of cUMP and caused the most severe course of infection. The pathology ascribed to ExoY from studies using the high-copy-number plasmid on mammalian cells in vitro and in vivo was not observed with natural P. aeruginosa isolates. This indicates that the role of ExoY during infection with real-life P. aeruginosa still needs to be resolved.
Over-expression of hsp-70 inhibits bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced production of cytokines in human monocyte-derived macrophages.

Cytokines released from monocytes and macrophages are major mediators of inflammation. Heat shock significantly inhibits cytokine production from these cells. To investigate whether this inhibitory effect was mediated by heat-shock proteins (HSP), we transfected human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) with HSP-70 cDNA and examined Brucella melitensis lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in transfected cells. Over-expression of HSP-70 protein in the gene-transfected MDM had no effect on cytokine synthesis unless LPS was added. LPS-induced increases in production of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), IL-10 and IL-12 were significantly inhibited by the over-expression of HSP-70. However, over-expression of HSP-70 did not block LPS-induced increase in IL-6 synthesis. To further confirm these results, an antisense HSP-70 DNA oligomer was used to block HSP-70 synthesis. The inhibitory effect of HSP-70 on LPS-induced cytokine production in gene- transfected cells was completely reversed after treatment of cells with 5 microM antisense HSP-70. The same concentration of antisense HSP-70 also partially reversed heat-shock-induced inhibition of LPS-stimulated cytokine production. These results suggest that HSP-70 is involved in the regulation of LPS-induced cytokine production and that this family of proteins plays a role in mitigating adverse effects of endotoxin during infection or other pathological stresses.