Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT160 Associated with a 14-Year Outbreak, New Zealand, 1998–2012

During 1998–2012, an extended outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium definitive type 160 (DT160) affected >3,000 humans and killed wild birds in New Zealand. However, the relationship between DT160 within these 2 host groups and the origin of the outbreak are unknown. Whole-genome sequencing was used to compare 109 Salmonella Typhimurium DT160 isolates from sources throughout New Zealand. We provide evidence that DT160 was introduced into New Zealand around 1997 and rapidly propagated throughout the country, becoming more genetically diverse over time. The genetic heterogeneity was evenly distributed across multiple predicted functional protein groups, and we found no evidence of host group differentiation between isolates collected from human, poultry, bovid, and wild bird sources, indicating ongoing transmission between these host groups. Our findings demonstrate how a comparative genomic approach can be used to gain insight into outbreaks, disease transmission, and the evolution of a multihost pathogen after a probable point-source introduction.
Improved Understanding of Software Development Productivity Factors to Aid in the Management of an Outsourced Project

Abstract This article articulates an approach to identify the differences in the perceptions and values of the client and vendor about what factors drive developers’ productivity in a specific outsourcing project. A combination of some techniques from Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) was used to measure the differences in those values. It is argued that this approach is applicable to other software development environments.
Parentage assignment detects frequent and large‐scale dispersal in water voles

Estimating the rate and scale of dispersal is essential for predicting the dynamics of fragmented populations, yet empirical estimates are typically imprecise and often negatively biased. We maximized detection of dispersal events between small, subdivided populations of water voles (Arvicola terrestris) using a novel method that combined direct capture–mark–recapture with microsatellite genotyping to identify parents and offspring in different populations and hence infer dispersal. We validated the method using individuals known from trapping data to have dispersed between populations. Local populations were linked by high rates of juvenile dispersal but much lower levels of adult dispersal. In the spring breeding population, 19% of females and 33% of males had left their natal population of the previous year. The average interpopulation dispersal distance was 1.8 km (range 0.3–5.2 km). Overall, patterns of dispersal fitted a negative exponential function. Information from genotyping increased the estimated rate and scale of dispersal by three‐ and twofold, respectively, and hence represents a powerful tool to provide more realistic estimates of dispersal parameters.
A Model of a Pragmatic Secure Intrusion Detection System for Local Area Networks

Intrusion detection is very imperative in network systems due to outstanding vulnerabilities left unaddressed by current preventive network security measures such as firewalls and encryption software. The inefficiency, inaccuracy, high false alarm rates and lack of self-defensive mechanism of existing network security systems has continued to pose serious conc ern to network users, administrators and security professionals and thus needs urgent redress. There fore, the target of this paper is to develop a model of a pragmatic secure intrusion detection system for l ocal area networks using layered framework with conditional random fields that is capable of overcoming the apparent shortcomings of present intrusion detection systems. A critical analysis of existi ng IDSs was done using the structured system analysis and design methodology (SSADM) due to the sequential configuration of the proposed security system. Furthermore, a real-time response mechanism and a self-defensive mechanism for a network intrusion detection system (NIDS) was developed and implemented. The outcome of this study was a secured IDS that would proactively address potential security vulnerabilities by resisting and detecting attacks and security policy violations reliably and effic iently in local area networks, thus making it inevitable for use in our security conscious environment of the 21 st century.
Doping-induced incommensurate antiferromagnetism in a Mott-Hubbard insulator.

Properties of incommensurate spiral spin phases are calculated at the mean-field level for a single-band Hubbard Hamiltonian with variable hole density, by adapting both the Hartree-Fock decoupling and the Kotliar-Ruckenstein slave-boson approach to a regular twist of the spin quantization axes from site to site in a two-dimensional square lattice. The relative stability of the (1,1) and (1,0) spiral phases, the coexistence of the antiferromagnetic and the spiral phases over a finite range of hole density, and the stiffness of the spirals against fluctuations of their direction and pitch are discussed within the model Hamiltonian over a wide range of hole density and interaction strength.
Dancer Perceptions of the Force Reduction of Dance Floors Used by a Professional Touring Ballet Company

The mechanical properties of dance floors have the potential to influence dancers’ performance and injury risk. Little information is available that describes dancers’ preferences for dance floor mechanical properties. Investigation of dancers’ perceptions of varied dance floors can serve to enlighten governing bodies, floor manufacturers, and the dance community. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of dancers from a touring professional ballet company regarding four floors with varied force reduction (FR) that were created to replicate those used by the company in normal dance training and performance. A specialized questionnaire was developed that incorporated a series of qualitative and quantitative measures that could be used by participants to express their perceptions of the custom built dance floors. Floor FR was quantified with reference to the protocols specified by European standards. Dancer perceptions were in general agreement with floor FR values; however, some discrepancies were observed. Dancers expressed a preference for floor FR within the mid to upper limits (57% to 72%) of the European standards, although a minority preferred low FR (approximately 36%) floors. A limited ability to perceive inconsistencies in FR across test floors was observed, which may have implications for injury risk. Investigation of the perceptions of dancers from more diverse backgrounds, on floors that provide a closer representation of typical dance studio and stage sizes, over longer periods of time, would provide further insight into the perceptual and adaptive responses of dancers to varied floor mechanical properties.
Better Effectiveness with Audit Committees: Evidence from China

This study empirically explores China's supervisory mechanisms whether the listed companies with Audit Committees (G2) are more effective than those without (G1). Using a panel data base of 2148 compared to 1873 firm-year observations over the 2005 to 2007 period by the multiple linear regressions, the findings report Chinese listed companies with Audit Committees have better independence, expertise and activities proved by 12 of 15 variables of better G2 coefficient than G1; and statistically significant evidences present in 5 aspects, the listed companies with Audit Committees have (1)less proportion of independent directors receiving remuneration; (2-3) more legal and internal auditing expertise in Supervisory Boards; (4) more meeting times on the BoD; and (5)the quantity of Supervisory Boards' size may not impact upon the effective quality of supervisory mechanisms. The findings of which may provide impetus for further research in Chinese setting and help refine general knowledge on the role of supervisory mechanisms in corporate governance.
Dancing with the Stars: Benefits of a Star Employee's Temporary Absence for Organizational Performance

Research Summary: While research has focused primarily on stars as individual contributors, we examine organizational situations where stars must work closely with non‐stars. We argue that, in such situations, building teamwork around a star is an exercise in learning under complexity. In response, organizations prioritize interactions involving the star to simplify learning. This simplification, however, creates organizational myopia. We claim that a star’s temporary absence helps the organization overcome myopia by triggering a search for new routines. When he returns, the organization may combine these new routines with pre‐absence routines to improve teamwork and performance. We exploit injuries to star players in the National Basketball Association as an exogenous shock and find that on average, teams perform better after a star’s return than before his absence. Managerial Summary: This study examines the effect of the temporary absence of a star employee on organizational performance. We find evidence that a star employee’s temporary absence helps the organization overcome an over‐reliance on the star and improve teamwork. Improved teamwork, in turn, enables the organization to perform better upon the star’s return than it did prior to his absence. This result suggests that organizations might want to revisit the tendency to view stars as too valuable to lose, even for a short time. In particular, organizations may want to pull stars from ongoing projects and encourage them to attend professional development programs. A star’s temporary absence and return from such a program improves not only the star’s skills but also the organization’s teamwork.
The Escherichia coli Cpx Envelope Stress Response Regulates Genes of Diverse Function That Impact Antibiotic Resistance and Membrane Integrity

ABSTRACT The Cpx envelope stress response mediates adaptation to stresses that cause envelope protein misfolding. Adaptation is partly conferred through increased expression of protein folding and degradation factors. The Cpx response also plays a conserved role in the regulation of virulence determinant expression and impacts antibiotic resistance. We sought to identify adaptive mechanisms that may be involved in these important functions by characterizing changes in the transcriptome of two different Escherichia coli strains when the Cpx response is induced. We show that, while there is considerable strain- and condition-specific variability in the Cpx response, the regulon is enriched for proteins and functions that are inner membrane associated under all conditions. Genes that were changed by Cpx pathway induction under all conditions were involved in a number of cellular functions and included several intergenic regions, suggesting that posttranscriptional regulation is important during Cpx-mediated adaptation. Some Cpx-regulated genes are centrally involved in energetics and play a role in antibiotic resistance. We show that a number of small, uncharacterized envelope proteins are Cpx regulated and at least two of these affect phenotypes associated with membrane integrity. Altogether, our work suggests new mechanisms of Cpx-mediated envelope stress adaptation and antibiotic resistance.
The Influence of Bite-Size on Quantity of Food Consumed: A Field Study

While research has extensively investigated how portion sizes can influence the quantity of food consumed, relatively little work has been done to explore how bite size influences overall consumption. This research seeks to address this concern. In a field study, we collected data in a restaurant and manipulated bite size by providing diners with small or large forks. We found that diners consumed more from smaller rather than larger forks. Utilizing motivation literature, which ties into the unique factors present in a restaurant consumption setting (e.g., diners have a well-defined goal of hunger satiation because they invest effort by visiting a specific restaurant, choose from a menu, and pay money for the meal), we present our rationale for the pattern of results. Moreover, in a controlled lab study we demonstrate that when these factors are absent, the pattern of results is reversed.
A 3D-HARPSS Polysilicon Microhemispherical Shell Resonating Gyroscope: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

This paper presents, for the first time, the analysis, design, fabrication, and characterization of a microhemispherical resonating gyroscope (μ HRG). A 3D high aspect-ratio poly- and single-crystalline silicon (HARPSS) process is developed to fabricate a stem-supported hemispherical shell with self-aligned tall capacitive electrodes intended for driving, sensing, and tuning of the gyroscope. The monolithic process consists of seven lithographic steps combining the HARPSS process with fabrication of a 3D curved microstructure to create electrodes with scalable capacitive gaps. The fabrication is successfully demonstrated with polysilicon μ HRG prototypes with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a shell thickness of 1 μm. The frequency response is measured and gyro operation is examined using the integrated electrodes. Mode matching and mode alignment are successfully performed by applying tuning and quadrature nulling voltages. A closed-loop rate sensitivity scale factor of 8.57 mV/°/s was measured. Furthermore, design and process optimization of the support structure resulted in an improved quality factor (Q ~ 40 000).
Infinite series representations of the bivariate Rayleigh and Nakagami-m distributions

Despite the usefulness of the bivariate (correlated) Nakagami-m cumulative distribution function (cdf) in communications systems analysis, an infinite series for the computation of this function is not known. In this letter, an infinite series representation of the bivariate cdf is derived. Bounds on the error resulting from truncation of the infinite series are also derived.
Introduction: Human-Computer Interaction Studies in Management Information Systems

Human-computer interaction (HCI) is an important area of research and practice that cuts across several disciplines including Industrial Engineering, Management Information Systems (MIS), Computer Science, Information Science, Psychology, Sociology, and Anthropology. HCI research within the MIS discipline has some distinct features, which are related to the evolution and current state of the MIS discipline. MIS started as applied Computer Science in the 1970s and gradually developed into a more social science oriented discipline (Baskerville & Myers, 2002). MIS is broadly defined as “the effective design, delivery and use of information systems in organizations” (Keen, 1980). The two distinguishing features of MIS from other ‘homes’ of HCI are its business-application and management orientations (Zhang, Nah, & Preece, 2004). HCI is an important area of research that is gaining increasing attention in MIS (Zhang, Benbasat, Carey, Davis, Galletta, & Strong, 2002). In general, HCI researchers in the MIS discipline are more interested in studying and understanding the ways humans interact with information, technologies, and tasks in the business, managerial, and organizational contexts (Zhang et al., 2002). Hence, the focus lies in understanding the relationships and interactions between people (e.g., management, users, implementers, designers, developers, senior executives, and vendors), tasks, contexts, information, and technology.
Mini-laparoscopy in the endoscopy unit: Safety and outcomes in over one thousand patients.

AIM To investigate the safety of consecutive mini-laparoscopy guided liver biopsies for the diagnosis and staging of liver diseases. METHODS In this study we retrospectively analyzed the safety of mini-laparoscopic liver biopsy performed in an endoscopy unit in 1071 patients. We measured the incidence of bleeding and evaluated the management and outcome of bleeding interventions. RESULTS The most common etiologies of liver injury were viral hepatitis and autoimmune liver disease. 250 patients had macroscopically and histologically proven cirrhosis. 13 patients had no pathological findings. 33% of all patients had bleeding that required argon plasma coagulation of the puncture site during laparoscopy. Significant bleeding occurred more often in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to non-cirrhotic liver diseases but was effectively treated with laparoscopic coagulation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, mini-laparoscopy liver biopsy can be performed safely and effectively in high risk patients with advanced liver disease; mini-laparoscopy with liver biopsy can be done safely in an endoscopy unit.
Problems on the Planning and Management of Integrative Public Transit in Urban and Country

For better satisfied urban and country resident′s demand of going out,planning and mana-gement of integrative public transit in urban and country must be carried on. Public transit in urban and country means considering urban bus and country bus as a whole and it includes two parts. One part is line integration,or say rightly lay out bus line in urban and country and the place of changing bus station to convenient changing between lines. The second part is management integration,which means determining the rational station and distance of it and arranging the depart time by one department to meet resident′s going out need.
Lionfish (Pterois spp.) invade the upper-bathyal zone in the western Atlantic

Non-native lionfish have been recorded throughout the western Atlantic on both shallow and mesophotic reefs, where they have been linked to declines in reef health. In this study we report the first lionfish observations from the deep sea (>200 m) in Bermuda and Roatan, Honduras, with lionfish observed to a maximum depth of 304 m off the Bermuda platform, and 250 m off West End, Roatan. Placed in the context of other deeper lionfish observations and records, our results imply that lionfish may be present in the 200–300 m depth range of the upper-bathyal zone across many locations in the western Atlantic, but currently are under-sampled compared to shallow habitats. We highlight the need for considering deep-sea lionfish populations in future invasive lionfish management.
Developing a framework for understanding e‐service quality, its antecedents, consequences, and mediators

Purpose – This research seeks to extend the work of Dabholkar et al. into the e‐retail domain to assess alternate theoretical frameworks of e‐service quality. Particular focus is placed on e‐service quality and whether elements of e‐service quality should be viewed by dimensions, as antecedents to a global evaluation of e‐service quality, or as a formative configuration to predict behavioral intentions. The mediating role of customer satisfaction is also to be explored in these frameworks.Design/methodology/approach – This paper is premised on an empirical study using cross‐sectional data from actual consumers. Data from a survey of 518 online consumers were used to test the research models through the use of a structured equation modeling (SEM) tool.Findings – The results show support for all three theoretical models, and slightly stronger support for the formative model. Customer satisfaction was also found to play a mediating role on behavioral intentions within these e‐service quality models.Research .
Measuring the impact of entrepreneurship education: a cognitive approach to evaluation

The number of entrepreneurship courses currently being offered by universities has increased dramatically since the 1960s. This is primarily due to increased government emphasis on creating new ventures and alleviating unemployment. With this increase in entrepreneurship education, a number of issues still surround the delivery of entrepreneurship in universities. This paper aims to address one of these concerns, that of evaluation. Effective evaluation is needed to determine the net benefits of entrepreneurship courses to the stakeholders involved and also to address issues of accountability. This paper argues that through a cognitive approach to evaluation, researchers can measure the impact of entrepreneurship courses from the perspective of the student. A model adapting Shapero's (model) 'Entrepreneurial Event' and incorporating the cognitive approaches of self-efficacy, attitudes, perceived feasibility and desirability and entrepreneurial intentions to determine the effectiveness of entrepreneurship courses is presented.
Electrical transmission characterization of IPD microstrips up to 30GHz

Based on the Silicon-based IPD(Integrated Passive Device) technology, an experiment on IPD microstrips is presented. Some metal materials which are used in semiconductor press are applied in IPD microstrips and the microstrips are optimized for 50Ω impedance matching for better signal transmission. The experiment is carried by HFSS simulated software for transmission status from DC-30GHz and the reason for transmission loss is analysed. In this experiment, theory evidences on choosing Silicon-based IPD microstrips are presented.
Learning and cognitive fatigue trajectories in multiple sclerosis defined using a burst measurement design

Background: Compromised learning and cognitive fatigue are critical clinical features in multiple sclerosis. Objectives: This study was designed to determine the effect of repeated exposures within and across study visits on performance measures of learning and cognitive fatigue in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: Thirty patients with RRMS and 30 controls were recruited. Using a burst measurement design (i.e. repeated assessments within and across study visits) the oral version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) was administered three times during the baseline and two consecutive monthly follow-up visits for a total of nine test administrations. Learning was assessed within and across study visits whereas cognitive fatigue was assessed during the course of each test administration that was divided into three 30-second intervals. Results: Linear mixed-effect models revealed compromised learning within (95% CI: 2.6355 to 3.9867) and across (95% CI: 1.3250 to 3.1861) visits and worse cognitive fatigue (95% CI: −2.1761 to −0.1720) in patients with RRMS compared with controls. Among patients with RRMS, worse self-rated cognitive dysfunction predicted poor learning within (95% CI: −0.1112 to −0.0020) and across (95% CI: −0.0724 to −0.0106) visits. Conclusions: Burst design is optimal to study learning and cognitive fatigue. This methodology, using the SDMT or other time-efficient tests as outcome measures, can be successfully implemented in longitudinal studies and clinical trials.