Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of behavioral models for RF power amplifiers

A comparative study of nonlinear behavioral models with memory for radio-frequency power amplifier (PAs) is presented. The models are static polynomial, parallel Hammerstein (PH), Volterra, and radial basis-function neural network (RBFNN). Two PAs were investigated: one was designed for the third-generation (3G) mobile telecommunication systems and one was designed for the second-generation (2G). The RBFNN reduced the total model error slightly more than the PH, but the error out of band was significantly lower for the PH. The Volterra was found to give a lower model error than did a PH of the same nonlinear order and memory depth. The PH could give a lower model error than the best Volterra, since the former could be identified with a higher nonlinear order and memory depth. The qualitative conclusions are the same for the 2G and 3G PAs, but the model errors are smaller for the latter. For the 3G PA, a static polynomial gave a low model error as low as the best PH and lower than the RBFNN for the hardest cross validation. The models with memory, PH, and RBFNN, showed better cross-validation performance, in terms of lower model errors, than a static polynomial for the hardest cross validation of the 2G PA
Gamma-ray burst engine activity within the quark nova scenario: prompt emission, X-ray plateau and sharp drop-off

Extending the three-stage model for long GRB inner engines suggested by Staff, Ouyed & Bagchi, we interpret recent Swift satellite observations of early X-ray afterglow plateaus followed by a sharp drop-off or a shallow power-law decay. The three stages involve a neutron star phase, a quark star (QS) and a black hole phase. We find that the QS stage allows for more energy to be extracted from neutron star to QS conversion as well as from ensuing accretion on to the QS. The QS accretion phase naturally extends the engine activity and can account for both the prompt emission and irregular early X-ray afterglow activity. Following the accretion phase, the QS can spin down by emission of a baryon-free outflow. The magnetar-like magnetic field strengths resulting from the NS to QS transition provide enough spin-down energy, for the correct amount of time, to account for the plateau in the X-ray afterglow. In our model, a sharp drop-off following the plateau occurs when the QS collapses to a BH during the spin-down, thus shutting off the secondary outflow. We applied our model to GRB 070110 and GRB 060607A and found that we can consistently account for the energetics and duration during the prompt and plateau phases.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Therapy Increases Survival, Promotes Lung Angiogenesis, and Prevents Alveolar Damage in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury: Evidence That Angiogenesis Participates in Alveolarization

Background— Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and pulmonary emphysema, both significant global health problems, are characterized by a loss of alveoli. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a trophic factor required for endothelial cell survival and is abundantly expressed in the lung. Methods and Results— We report that VEGF blockade decreases lung VEGF and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) expression in newborn rats and impairs alveolar development, leading to alveolar simplification and loss of lung capillaries, mimicking BPD. In hyperoxia-induced BPD in newborn rats, air space enlargement and loss of lung capillaries are associated with decreased lung VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression. Postnatal intratracheal adenovirus-mediated VEGF gene therapy improves survival, promotes lung capillary formation, and preserves alveolar development in this model of irreversible lung injury. Combined VEGF and angiopoietin-1 gene transfer matures the new vasculature, reducing the vascular leakage seen in VEGF-induced capillaries. Conclusions— These findings underscore the importance of the vasculature in what is traditionally thought of as an airway disease and open new therapeutic avenues for lung diseases characterized by irreversible loss of alveoli through the modulation of angiogenic growth factors.
Some Tests of an Unsupervised Model of Language Acquisition

We outline an unsupervised language acquisition algorithm and offer some psycholinguistic support for a model based on it. Our approach resembles the Construction Grammar in its general philosophy, and the Tree Adjoining Grammar in its computational characteristics. The model is trained on a corpus of transcribed child-directed speech (CHILDES). The model’s ability to process novel inputs makes it capable of taking various standard tests of English that rely on forced-choice judgment and on magnitude estimation of linguistic acceptability. We report encouraging results from several such tests, and discuss the limitations revealed by other tests in our present method of dealing with novel stimuli.
Why Do Money Fund Managers Voluntarily Waive Their Fees

Over half of money fund managers voluntarily waive fees they have a contractual right to claim. Moreover, as a consequence of fee waivers, funds on average collect one half of reported expense ratios. Variation in fee waivers is significant and relates to differences in relative performance. Both low-performing retail and institutional funds waive fees to improve their net performance. More interestingly, high-performing retail, but not institutional, funds use fee waivers to strategically adjust net performance to increase expected fund flows. Despite fund flow incentives, high-performing institutional funds do not waive more because they cannot significantly improve their relative performance. Copyright The American Finance Association 2001.
Parathyroid ultrasonography: the evolving role of the radiologist

Previously, radiologists played a limited role in the treatment of parathyroid disease, primary focusing on the preoperative localization of parathyroid lesions responsible for hyperparathyroidism. But, the widespread use of high-resolution ultrasound has lead to the increasing detection of parathyroid incidentalomas (PTIs). Consequently, radiologists may be required to differentiate PTIs from thyroid lesions, which is most reliably accomplished through the fine needle aspiration-parathyroid hormone analysis. Various nonsurgical treatment modalities for hyperfunctioning parathyroid lesions have been developed with some efficacy. Especially for symptomatic nonfunctioning parathyroid cysts, simple aspiration is a first-line procedure for diagnosis and treatment, while ethanol ablation is a subsequent treatment modality for recurrent cases.
Trustworthiness of Linked Data Using PKI

The goal of this investigation is to enable users of Linked Data to assess the trustworthiness of datasets in order to decide if a piece of data fits their needs. The use of PKI 1 principles is proposed for trust management over the Web of Linked Data. Since datasets should exchange data in a trusted way, it is necessary for each dataset to have a digital certificate issued by a trustworthy third-party. This way, a trust relationship can be created directly between two organizations for data exchanging. Furthermore users can assess trustworthiness of datasets by identifying validity and quality of data via their certificates.
ZO-1 Alters Connexin 43 Gap Junction Size and Organization by Influencing Channel Accretion

Regulation of gap junction (GJ) organization is critical for proper function of excitable tissues such as heart and brain, yet mechanisms that govern the dynamic patterning of GJs remain poorly defined. Here, we show that zonula occludens (ZO)-1 localizes preferentially to the periphery of connexin43 (Cx43) GJ plaques. Blockade of the PDZ-mediated interaction between ZO-1 and Cx43, by genetic tagging of Cx43 or by a membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor that contains the Cx43 PDZ-binding domain, led to a reduction of peripherally associated ZO-1 accompanied by a significant increase in plaque size. Biochemical data indicate that the size increase was due to unregulated accumulation of gap junctional channels from non-junctional pools, rather than increased protein expression or decreased turnover. Co-expression of native Cx43 fully rescued the aberrant tagged-connexin phenotype, but only if channels were comprised predominately of untagged connexin. Confocal image analysis revealed that, subsequent to GJ nucleation, ZO-1 association with Cx43 GJs is independent of plaque size. We propose that ZO1 controls the rate of Cx43 channel accretion at GJ peripheries, which, in conjunction with the rate of GJ turnover, regulates GJ size and distribution.
Simulation research for active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping based on Extended Kalman Filter

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem has caused wide concern in the robotics research. The active SLAM algorithm based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) is considered as an important method. To validate and analyze the active SLAM algorithm performance, a simulation system is designed and developed, which makes use of the MATLAB platform as computation engine and properly displays the process of SLAM. Active SLAM algorithms can be simulated and analyzed through the simulation experiments on this platform in both visual and statistical fashions. Algorithm simulation examples show that the simulation system makes the research for the active SLAM efficient.
High Expression of FLOT1 Is Associated with Progression and Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background The flotillin family member flotillin-1 (FLOT1) encodes a caveolae-associated, integral membrane protein that belongs to lipid raft family and involves in vesicular trafficking and signal transduction. However, the role of FLOT1 in development and progression of cancer remains largely unknown. The present study was aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of FLOT1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Real-time PCR and western blot analyses were applied to examine FLOT1 expression in fourteen HCC cell lines and one normal hepatic cell line, ten pairs of primary HCC and matched adjacent noncancerous liver tissues from the same patient. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to examine FLOT1 protein expression in paraffin-embedded tissues from 196 HCC patients. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic value and associations of FLOT1 expression with clinical parameters. Results FLOT1 expression was evidently up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with that in the matched adjacent noncancerous liver tissues. In the 196 cases of tested HCC samples, FLOT1 protein level was positively correlated with Tumor size (P = 0.025), clinical stage (P<0.002), CLIP stage (P<0.001), vascular invasion (P<0.001), relapse (P<0.001), and serum AFP levels (P = 0.025). Patients with higher FLOT1 expression had shorter overall survival time, whereas those with lower FLOT1 expression had longer survival time. Conclusions Our study demonstrated FLOT1 is associated with aggressive characteristics of HCC, and suggested the possibility of its use as a prognostic marker in patients with HCC.
A linear matrix inequality approach to robust H∞ filtering

We consider the robust H/sub /spl infin// filtering problem for a general class of uncertain linear systems described by the so-called integral quadratic constraints (IQCs). This problem is important in many signal processing applications where noise, nonlinearity, quantization errors, time delays, and unmodeled dynamics can be naturally described by IQCs. The main contribution of this paper is to show that the robust H/spl infin/ filtering problem can be solved using linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques, which are numerically efficient owing to recent advances in convex optimization. The paper deals with both continuous and discrete-time uncertain linear systems.
Access Control Encryption Based on LWE

Damgard et al. proposed a new primitive called access control encryption (ACE) [6] which not only protects the privacy of the message, but also controls the ability of the sender to send the message. We will give a new construction based on the Learning with Error (LWE) assumption [12], which is one of the two open problems in [6]. Although there are many public key encryption schemes based on LWE and supporting homomorphic operations. We find that not every scheme can be used to build ACE. In order to keep the security and correctness of ACE, the random constant chosen by the sanitizer should satisfy stricter condition. We also give a different security proof of ACE based on LWE from it based on DDH. We will see that although the modulus of LWE should be super-polynomial, the ACE scheme is still as secure as the general public key encryption scheme based on the lattice [5].
Coseismic Deformation of 2009 L'Aquila, Italy Earthquake Derived from Ascending and Descending ENVISAT/ASAR Images

The Mw6.3 L'Aquila earthquake (in central Italy) occurred on 6 April 2009 and caused ground displacements. In order to study this earthquake mechanism, three tracks(track 079, 129, 401) ENVISAT/ASAR images, which include ascending and descending data, were used to derive different line of sight directions coseismic deformation based on the technique of two pass differential interferometric synthetic aperture rada (D-InSAR). The coseismic deformation results are quite consistent with the GPS measurements, and the RMSs (root mean squre) in LOS between GPS and coseismic deformation of three tracks are 15mm, 26mm, 20mm respectively. This demonstrates that the D-InSAR LOS deformation accuracy can reach centimeter's level here. These coseismic deformations show that the earthquake fault is right lateral fault, the strike is NW-ES direction, and the largest LOS deformations of the three tracks are -268mm, -233mm, -255mm respectively.
Father involvement in the care, play, and education of children with autism

ABSTRACT Background Despite general increased recognition of the importance of fathers, their role in the lives of children with autism remains underresearched. Methods This study aimed to investigate the nature and extent of father involvement through an online survey of fathers of children with a diagnosis of autism in the UK. Results Of the 306 fathers who completed the survey, half indicated that they were mainly or equally responsible for their children’s daily care routines, irrespective of the child’s age or diagnosis. More fathers spent time engaged in play than any other activity, although nearly half had received no relevant training. Many fathers supported their children’s education, especially helping with homework. The greatest obstacle to further engagement was the demands of employment. Conclusions Findings are discussed within the context of the wider developmental literature. A more gender-differentiated approach to service provision is called for, alongside further research on enhancing father engagement in play and education.
Fourier Slice Super-resolution in plenoptic cameras

Plenoptic cameras are a promising solution to increase the capabilities of current commercial cameras because they capture the four-dimensional lightfield of a scene. Processing the recorded lightfield, these cameras offer the possibility of focusing the scene after the shot or obtaining 3D information. Conventional photographs focused on determined planes can be obtained through projections of the four-dimensional lightfield onto two spatial dimensions. These photographs can be efficiently computed using the Fourier Slice technique but their resolution is usually less than 1% of the full resolution of the camera sensor. Several super-resolution methods have been recently developed to increase the spatial resolution of plenoptic cameras. In this paper we propose a new super-resolution method based on the Fourier Slice technique. We show how several existing super-resolution methods can be seen as particular cases of this approach. Besides the theoretical interest of this unified view, we also show how to obtain simultaneously spatial and depth super-resolution removing the limitations of previous approaches.
Defining and Proving Invariants of Clean Programs ⋆

In a pure functional language like Clean the variables repre sent constant values; variables do not change in time. Hence it seems that temporality has no meaning in functional programs. However, in certain case s (e.g. in interactive or distributed programs, or in those that use IO) a serie of values computed from one another can be considered as different states of the sam “abstract object”. For this abstract object temporal properties (e.g. i nvariants) can already be proved. This paper presents a method for defining and proving invariant properties of Clean programs. We utilise Sparkle, a theorem prover designed for Clean. Since Sparkle is not capable of handling temporal logical pr ope ties, its original version has been extended to support object abstraction and invariant properties.
Investigation of the Internal Back Reflectance of Rear-Side Dielectric Stacks for c-Si Solar Cells

This paper addresses the calculation of internal back reflectance for various dielectrics that are used in rear-side passivated crystalline silicon solar cells. Optical modeling of various stack configurations is examined to explore the back-surface reflectance at the Si-dielectric interface for different film combinations and thicknesses as a function of wavelength and internal angle of incidence at the rear side. Specifically, configurations using aluminum oxide (AlOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) were investigated with a focus on designing stack configurations that will also allow for high-quality passivation and are compatible with a high-volume manufacturing environment. In addition, samples were fabricated by plasma-enhanced and atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition of thin dielectric films onto polished and textured monocrystalline silicon wafers. Spectral reflectance curves of the samples are presented to supplement and validate the conclusions that are obtained from the optical modeling data.
Précis of How Children Learn the Meanings of Words

Normal children learn tens of thousands of words, and do so quickly and efficiently, often in highly impoverished environments. In How Children Learn the Meanings of Words, I argue that word learning is the product of certain cognitive and linguistic abilities that include the ability to acquire concepts, an appreciation of syntactic cues to meaning, and a rich understanding of the mental states of other people. These capacities are powerful, early emerging, and to some extent uniquely human, but they are not special to word learning. This proposal is an alternative to the view that word learning is the result of simple associative learning mechanisms, and it rejects as well the notion that children possess constraints, either innate or learned, that are specifically earmarked for word learning. This theory is extended to account for how children learn names for objects, substances, and abstract entities, pronouns and proper names, verbs, determiners, prepositions, and number words. Several related topics are also discussed, including naïve essentialism, children's understanding of representational art, the nature of numerical and spatial reasoning, and the role of words in the shaping of mental life.
Pattern synthesis with UCA for the generation of Bessel-type beam at terahertz

In the present paper we propose a new way to generate Bessel-type beams in the terahertz rang. According to the technique of pattern synthesis of antenna array, a uniform circular antenna array (UCA) is designed optimally to produce quasi-Bessel or Bessel-Gauss pattern. These beams possess a long depth of field and therefore have many important applications in the quasi-optic and/or terahertz fields. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can be employed to readily produce zero-order quasi-Bessel or Bessel-Gauss beams.
Segmentation of Skin Lesions from Digital Images using an Optimized Approach : Genetic Algorithm

The incidence rates of skin cancer diseases Melanoma have been on a rapid increase and is leading to higher death rates. Early detection is of utmost important which increases the survival rates if detected at Stage I. Segmentation of skin lesion is one of the biggest task to do along considering under and over segmentation. An algorithm for detection of skin lesion from digital images using Genetic Algorithm is proposed to get merging of over segmentation to get solved with it. It is one of the most popular techniques to get infinite probabilities solved with genetic algorithm which provides very close results in a short time. The lesion segmentation has been compared to the results of other algorithms. The proposed segmentation algorithm has higher segmentation Sensitivity, Specificity and Accuracy compared to all other segmentation algorithms. KeywordsMelanoma, Segmentation, Genetic Algorithm, Lesion, Dermoscopy.
Localization and Identification of Concurrent Sounds in the Owl's Auditory Space Map

In nature, sounds from multiple sources sum at the eardrums, generating complex cues for sound localization and identification. In this clutter, the auditory system must determine “what is where. ” We examined this process in the auditory space map of the barn owl's (Tyto alba) inferior colliculus using two spatially separated sources simultaneously emitting uncorrelated noise bursts, which were uniquely identified by different frequencies of sinusoidal amplitude modulation. Spatial response profiles of isolated neurons were constructed by testing the source-pair centered at various locations in virtual auditory space. The neurons responded whenever a source was placed within the receptive field, generating two clearly segregated foci of activity at appropriate loci. The spike trains were locked strongly to the amplitude modulation of the source within the receptive field, whereas the other source had minimal influence. Two sources amplitude modulated at the same rate were resolved successfully, suggesting that source separation is based on differences of fine structure. The spike rate and synchrony were stronger for whichever source had the stronger average binaural level. A computational model showed that neuronal activity was primarily proportional to the degree of matching between the momentary binaural cues and the preferred values of the neuron. The model showed that individual neurons respond to and synchronize with sources in their receptive field if there are frequencies having an average binaural-level advantage over a second source. Frequencies with interaural phase differences that are shared by both sources may also evoke activity, which may be synchronized with the amplitude modulations from either source.
Real Time Face Detection Based on skin tone detector

Summary Face detection is critical to the application based on human face. Accurate and quick face detection has a determining effect on its following process, like face verification and face recognition etc. Adaboost algorithm [4] has been regarded as a very effective machine learning algorithm that can be applied to the face detection. However, with the increasing of image size determined by the advanced video or image capture device, the search space for finding face is incremented dramatically, to get these images processed in given time is becoming a challenge. In this paper, an algorithm combining skin tone detector and adaboost learning structure is put forward to push the state-of-art of the algorithm, it could reduce the number of window to be scanned to 20% of the conventional approach, thus can satisfy the real-time requirement in our related application where the facial images are captured from video stream of D1 format.