Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immediate non-occlusal loading of single implants in the aesthetic zone: a randomized clinical trial.

AIM this study compared the outcome of immediate non-occlusal loading with conventional loading for single implants in the maxillary aesthetic zone. It was hypothesized that immediate non-occlusal loading is not inferior to conventional loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS sixty-two patients with a missing maxillary anterior tooth were randomly assigned to be treated with an implant that was either restored with a non-occluding temporary crown within 24 h after implant placement (the "immediate group") or was restored according to a two-stage procedure after 3 months (the "conventional group"). All implants were installed in healed sites. Follow-up visits were conducted after 6 and 18 months post-implant placement. Outcome measures were radiographic marginal bone-level changes, survival, soft tissue aspects (probing depth, plaque, bleeding, soft tissue level), aesthetics and patient satisfaction. RESULTS no significant differences were found between both study groups regarding marginal bone loss (immediate group 0.91 ± 0.61 mm, conventional group 0.90 ± 0.57 mm), survival (immediate group 96.8%: one implant lost, conventional group 100%), soft tissue aspects, aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION within the limitations of this study (sample size, follow-up duration), it was demonstrated that, for single implants in the anterior maxilla, the outcome of immediate non-occlusal loading was not less favourable than conventional loading.
Are Good Texts Always Better? Interactions of Text Coherence, Background Knowledge, and Levels of Understanding in Learning From Text

Two experiments, theoretically motivated by the construction-integration model of text comprehension (W. Kintsch, 1988), investigated the role of text coherence in the comprehension of science texts. In Experiment 1, junior high school students' comprehension of one of three versions of a biology text was examined via free recall, written questions, and a key-word sorting task. This study demonstrates advantages for globally coherent text and for more explanatory text. In Experiment 2, interactions among local and global text coherence, readers' background knowledge, and levels of understanding were examined. Using the same methods as in Experiment 1, we examined students' comprehension of one of four versions of a text, orthogonally varying local and global coherence. We found that readers who know little about the domain of the text benefit from a coherent text, whereas high-knowledge readers benefit from a minimally coherent text. We argue that the poorly written text forces the knowledgeable readers t.
Platelet Inhibitors Reduce Rupture in a Mouse Model of Established Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Objective—Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms causes a high morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Platelet-rich thrombi form on the surface of aneurysms and may contribute to disease progression. In this study, we used a pharmacological approach to examine a role of platelets in established aneurysms induced by angiotensin II infusion into hypercholesterolemic mice. Approach and Results—Administration of the platelet inhibitors aspirin or clopidogrel bisulfate to established abdominal aortic aneurysms dramatically reduced rupture. These platelet inhibitors reduced abdominal aortic platelet and macrophage recruitment resulting in decreased active matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9. Platelet inhibitors also resulted in reduced plasma concentrations of platelet factor 4, cytokines, and components of the plasminogen activation system in mice. To determine the validity of these findings in human subjects, a cohort of aneurysm patients were retrospectively analyzed using developed and validated algorithms in the electronic medical record database at Vanderbilt University. Similar to mice, administration of aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitors was associated with reduced death among patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Conclusions—These results suggest that platelets contribute to abdominal aortic aneurysm progression and rupture.
Isolation and characterization of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the endangered Galapagos-endemic whitespotted sandbass (Paralabrax albomaculatus)

The white-spotted sandbass (Paralabrax albomaculatus) is a commercially important species in the Galapagos Marine Reserve, but is classified as endangered in the IUCN Red List. For this study, 10 microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized using Illumina paired-end sequencing. These loci can be used for genetic studies of population structure and connectivity to aid in the management of the white-spotted sandbass and other closely-related species. The 10 characterized loci were polymorphic, with 11–49 alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.575 to 0.964. This set of markers is the first to be developed for this species.
Dynamic modeling and stability optimization of a redundant mobile robot using a genetic algorithm

SUMMARY Kinematic reconfigurable mobile robots have the ability to change their structure to increase stability and decrease the probability of tipping over on rough terrain. If stability increases without decreasing center of mass height, the robot can pass more easily through bushes and rocky terrain. In this paper, an improved sample return rover is presented. The vehicle has a redundant rolling degree of freedom. A genetic algorithm utilizes this redundancy to optimize stability. Parametric motion equations of the robot were derived by considering Iterative Kane and Lagrange's dynamic equations. In this research, an optimal reconfiguration strategy for an improved SRR mobile robot in terms of the Force–Angle stability measure was designed using a genetic algorithm. A path-tracking nonlinear controller, which maintains the robot's maximum stability, was designed and simulated in MATLAB. In the simulation, the vehicle and end-effector paths and the terrain are predefined and the vehicle has constant velocity. The controller was found to successfully keep the end-effector to the desired path and maintained optimal stability. The robot was simulated using ADAMS for optimization evaluation.
Studying Children's Perspectives on Self‐Determination and Nurturance Rights: Issues and Challenges

Over the past three decades there has been a growing interest in children's and adolescents' rights and the tendency to grant young people many of the rights traditionally reserved for adult members of society. Increased awareness of children's rights is clearly reflected in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC; United Nations, 1989), which recognizes children as worthy of citizenship and attempts to increase the commitment of nations worldwide to children's rights. If children's rights are to serve their intended function—to protect children from harm and promote their development and well-being—it is essential to examine how children understand and think about their rights. In this article we review the literature on children's and adults' thinking about children's rights and discuss conceptual and methodological considerations related to this body of research, including the importance of how we conceptualize the construct of children's rights, the types of questions researchers pose about young people's attitudes, knowledge and reasoning regarding children's rights, and the methods used to answer these questions. We address the implications of developmental research on young people's perspectives on children's rights.
Computation of a 3-D Model for Lung Imaging With Electrical Impedance Tomography

The electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been developed and evolved over the past 30 years, which has the great potential for clinical diagnosis in lung imaging and detection of thorax ventilation; however, EIT possesses the difficult problems in terms of developing hardware for data acquisition and the image reconstruction. In this paper, a cylinder geometry 3-D model for human thorax has been constructed with finite element method (FEM). A nodal-based total variation regularization algorithm has been evaluated with phantom tests which have been implemented by our EIT system in a salt-water tank. The in vivo experiments on the subject have been carried out, and then the lung images have been reconstructed during breath with the nodal total variation regularization algorithm. The result shows that the resistivity distribution of the lung is well reconstructed with the 3-D model and gives high contrast images. It also verifies that the nodal total variation regularization algorithm has the potential capability to become a useful algorithm for lung imaging with EIT.
Prognostic Role of On-Line Vectorcardiography as Regards Repeat Revascularization after Successful Coronary Angioplasty

This study evaluated the prognostic significance of continuous on-line vectorcardiography (VCG) during elective coronary angioplasty (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, PTCA). Patients (n = 192, mean age 58 ± 10), treated with elective and initially successful PTCA, were included. VCG monitoring was started before start of the PTCA procedure and was carried out during the entire procedure. ST vector magnitude (ST-VM) was monitored. A 6-month follow-up was obtained. Main outcome measures were the frequency of cardiac events and revascularization during follow-up. During follow-up, 1 patient died, 6 suffered a nonfatal myocardial infarction and 50 were revascularized. Angiography revealed restenosis in 88% of the patients who had a revascularization. In the total patient group, the VCG predictor of revascularization was the total ischemic time of all ST-VM episodes (p = 0.05). Clinical predictors of revascularization were diabetes mellitus (p < 0.01), a more severe type of lesion (type B; p < 0.01), percent post-PTCA stenosis (p < 0.05), nominal balloon size (p < 0.01), maximum balloon pressure (p < 0.05) and no stent implanted (p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis all the above significant univariate variables of revascularization were entered. Total ischemic time of ST-VM (p < 0.01) was the best variable giving independent prognostic information. In the nonstent group, total ischemic time of ST-VM (p < 0.01) was the only independent predictor of a further revascularization. In conclusion, VCG monitoring during elective PTCA gives on-line information that identifies patients at an increased risk of a revascularization during 6 months after the initial procedure.
An effective mathematics and science curriculum option for secondary gifted education

Project Ga‐GEMS (Georgia's Project for Gifted Education in Math and Science) viewed the effect that placement in an integrated, hands‐on mathematics and science curriculum had on the achievement of academically talented high school students. For a two‐year period of time, students gifted in the areas of mathematics and science participated in a curriculum which incorporated higher‐level thinking skills and more real life laboratory experiences into mutually reinforcing mathematics and science lessons. After the conclusion of the two‐year program, Ga‐GEMS participants and a control group were given the mathematics and science sections of the ACT as they exited the tenth grade. The Ga‐GEMS students scored significantly higher on the Science Math Total, Pre‐Algebra/Elementary Algebra, Intermediate Algebra/Coordinate Geometry and Plane Geometry/Trigonometry sections of the ACT. To determine if the Ga‐GEMS students retained their higher scores throughout high school the SAT scores of both groups were compared as the students exited high school. Significant differences in the areas of total score and mathematics were noted. This study lends support for the use of a differentiated curriculum for educating gifted students in science and mathematics.
The teaching and learning of parametric functions: A baseline study

This dissertation reports on an investigation of fifteen second-semester calculus students’ understanding of the concept of parametric function, as a special relation from a subset of R to a subset of R. A substantial amount of research has revealed that the concept of function, in general, is very difficult for students to understand. Furthermore, several studies have investigated students’ understanding of various types of functions. However, very little is known about how students reason about parametric functions. This study aims to fill this gap in the literature. Employing Action–Process–Object–Schema (APOS) theory as the guiding theoretical perspective, this study proposes a preliminary genetic decomposition for how a student might construct the concept of parametric function. To determine whether the students in this study made the constructions called for by the preliminary genetic decomposition or other constructions not considered in the preliminary genetic decomposition, data is analyzed regarding students’ reasoning about parametric functions. In particular, this study explores (1) students’ personal definitions of parametric function; (2) students’ reasoning about parametric functions given in the form p(t) = (f(t), g(t)); (3) students’ reasoning about parametric functions on a variety of tasks, such as converting from parametric to standard form, sketching a plane curve defined parametrically, and constructing a parametric function to describe a real-world situation; and (4) students’ reasoning about the invariant relationship between two quantities varying simultaneously when described in both a graph and a real-world problem. Then the genetic decomposition is revised based on the results of the data analysis. This study concludes with implications for teaching the concept of parametric function and suggestions for further research on this topic. INDEX WORDS: Parametric function, APOS, Student understanding, Student reasoning, Sketching parametric curve, Conversion from parametric to standard,
A realistic material model for reflectance simulation

In order to simulate the correct behavior of light incident on a material, we must first understand the different interactions not only between the light and the surface of the material but also between the light and the inner structure of the material itself. Physical measurement is a way to record a material's behavior, but is limited to pre-existing objects and measurement conditions. Therefore, we have developed a multiresolution material model, generically describing its inner structure thanks to a microelement distribution. Then we use this model in a virtual measurement bank in order to record its response to an incident luminous radiance. Once obtained, this directional reflectance is stored, compressed and used in a rendering model such as ray-tracing or radiosity.
Tanks, Tear Gas, and Taxes: Toward a Theory of Movement Repression*

Despite the importance of research on repression to the study of social movements; few researchers have focused on developing a refined and powerful conceptualization of repression. To address the difficulties such theoretical inattention produces, three key dimensions of repression are outlined and crossed to produce a repression typology. The merit of this typology for researchers is shown by using the typology to: (1) reorganize major research findings on repression; (2) diagnose theoretical and empirical oversights and missteps in the study of repression; and (3) develop new hypotheses about explanatory factors related to repression and relationships between different forms of repression. Such a typology represents an important step toward creating richer theoretical explanations of repression.
Towards large scale peer-to-peer web search Gerwin

Web search engines, such as Google and Yahoo, are b ased on the centralized database model. Search engines usin g the centralized database model suffer from a several dr wbacks, such as: they have a single point of failure, a lim ited representation of the web, their index is not up-to -date, and scalability. Currently a lot of research is being d one on using peer-to-peer (P2P) technology for the use of full-t ext search in order to overcome the issues centralized search eng ines suffer from. Although P2P systems have proven to be highly scalable in file sharing applications, this is not so obviou s for large scale full-text search. In this paper I will discuss and compare some of the most important P2P architectures based on th eir literature. Based on this, I will set out the direc tion future P2P research should be heading to, in order to make lar g scale P2P web search possible.
Multimodal Learning for Classification of Solar Radio Spectrum

This paper proposes the first attempt to utilize multi-modal learning method for the representation learning of the solar radio spectrums. The solar radio signals sensed from differ-ent frequency channels, which present different characteristics, are regarded as different modalities. We employ a multimodal neural network to learn the representations of the solar radio spectrum, which can distinguish the differences and learn the interactions between different modalities. The original solar ra-dio spectrums are firstly pre-processed, including normalization, denoising, channel competition and etc., before being fed into the multimodal learning network. Experimental results have demon-strated that the proposed multimodal learning network can learn the representation of the solar radio spectrum more effectively, and improve the classification accuracy.
Flipping Letters to minimize the Support of a String

Given a string s on an alphabet Σ, a word-length k and a budget D, we want to determine the smallest number of distinct k-mers that can be left in s, if we are allowed to replace up to D letters of s. This problem has several parameters, and we discuss its complexity under all sorts of restrictions on the parameters values. We prove that some versions of the problem are polynomial, while others are NP-hard. We also introduce some Integer Programming formulations to model the NP-hard cases.
Student teachers’ patterns of reflection in the context of teaching practice

This study clarifies the basic structure of student teachers’ reflective thinking. It presents a constructivist account of teacher knowledge through a detailed analysis of various patterns of reflection in student teacher portfolios. We aim to gain a greater understanding of the process and outcomes of portfolio writing in the context of teaching practice. By closely analysing portfolio texts, we defined six main starting points for reflective episodes and several patterns under each of them. Also, the patterns of reflective episodes were analysed according to their deductive and inductive dimensions, together with their static and dynamic features. According to our results, it is possible that student teachers can reflect beyond solely practical issues on teaching, articulate multiple concerns about practice and elaborate them in an integrative manner as well as learn both from theory and from practice as a result of reflection for their future profession.
The Organization Shadow

The paper explains the nature of the Shadow Concept in relation to the management of organizations. Organization Shadow is understood as facts which organizations wish to deny about themselves, due to the threat posed to self-image and self-understanding and, more generally, the need to be viewed in a favourable light by others. The Shadow is repressed, and, as unconscious content, is projected onto others, often those who are incapable of resisting it. Three studies of organizations are used to highlight the potentially grave consequences, in practice, of the Organization Shadow. The need for management to assimilate the Organization Shadow is discussed, together with the essential difficulties of the assimilation process.
Towards Optimal Choice Selection for Improved Hybrid Machine Translation

Towards Optimal Choice Selection for Improved Hybrid Machine Translation In recent years, machine translation (MT) research focused on investigating how hybrid MT as well as MT combination systems can be designed so that the resulting translations give an improvement over the individual translations. As a first step towards achieving this objective we have developed a parallel corpus with source data and the output of a number of MT systems, annotated with metadata information, capturing aspects of the translation process performed by the different MT systems. As a second step, we have organised a shared task in which participants were requested to build Hybrid/System Combination systems using the annotated corpus as input. The main focus of the shared task is trying to answer the following question: Can Hybrid MT algorithms or System Combination techniques benefit from the extra information (linguistically motivated, decoding and runtime) from the different systems involved? In this paper, we describe the annotated corpus we have created. We provide an overview on the participating systems from the shared task as well as a discussion of the results.
If we have the will, there will be a way: regulatory focus as a group identity

Based on social identity theory and regulatory focus theory, we predicted that promotion and prevention strategies can be part of the identity of a group (i.e., collective regulatory focus) which in turn influences the behavior and experienced emotions of individual group members. We conducted two experiments to test this prediction. After assessing participants' personal regulatory focus preference, collective regulatory focus was induced by showing participants group mottos, allegedly chosen by other members of their group, that either voiced a promotion or a prevention strategy preference. Both experiments yielded evidence for our prediction in that the collective regulatory focus shifted the behavior of individual group members on a signal detection task towards promotion- (liberal bias) or prevention- (conservative bias) consistent behavior and influenced the emotions they experienced. Experiment 2 further substantiated our group identity rationale by showing that these effects were especially strong for high identifiers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cumulative frequency-dependent selective episodes allow for rapid morph cycles and rock-paper-scissors dynamics in species with overlapping generations

Rock-paper-scissors (RPS) dynamics, which maintain genetic polymorphisms over time through negative frequency-dependent (FD) selection, can evolve in short-lived species with no generational overlap, where they produce rapid morph frequency cycles. However, most species have overlapping generations and thus, rapid RPS dynamics are thought to require stronger FD selection, the existence of which yet needs to be proved. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that two cumulative selective episodes, FD sexual selection reinforced by FD selection on offspring survival, generate sufficiently strong selection to generate rapid morph frequency cycles in the European common lizard Zootoca vivipara, a multi-annual species with major generational overlap. These findings show that the conditions required for the evolution of RPS games are fulfilled by almost all species exhibiting genetic polymorphisms and suggest that RPS games may be responsible for the maintenance of genetic diversity in a wide range of species.