Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vehicle-to-Vehicle Forwarding in Green Vehicular Infrastructure

Smart scheduling can be used to reduce infrastructure-to-vehicle energy costs in delay tolerant vehicular networks (Hammad et al., 2010). In this thesis we show that by combining this with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) forwarding, energy efficiency can be increased beyond that possible in the single hop case. This is accomplished by having the roadside infrastructure forward packets through vehicles which are in energy favourable locations. We first derive offline bounds on the downlink energy usage for a given input sample function when V2V forwarding is used. Separate bounds are given for the off-channel and in-channel forwarding cases. These bounds are used for comparisons with a variety of proposed online scheduling algorithms. The paper then introduces online algorithms for both fixed bit rate and variable bit rate air interface options. The first algorithm is based on a greedy local optimization (GLOA). A version of this algorithm which uses a minimum cost flow graph scheduler is also introduced. A more sophisticated algorithm is then proposed which is based on a finite window group optimization (FWGO). Versions of these algorithms are also proposed which use in-channel vehicle-to-vehicle scheduling. The proposed algorithms are also adapted to the variable bit rate air interface case. Results from a variety of experiments show that the proposed scheduling algorithms can significantly improve the downlink energy requirements of the roadside unit compared to the case where
Apoptotic cell death during Drosophila oogenesis is differentially increased by electromagnetic radiation depending on modulation, intensity and duration of exposure

Abstract Present generations are being repeatedly exposed to different types and doses of non-ionizing radiation (NIR) from wireless technologies (FM radio, TETRA and TV stations, GSM and UMTS phones/base stations, Wi-Fi networks, DECT phones). Although there is controversy on the published data regarding the non-thermal effects of NIR, studies have convincingly demonstrated bioeffects. Their results indicate that modulation, intensity, exposure duration and model system are important factors determining the biological response to irradiation. Attempting to address the dependence of NIR bioeffectiveness on these factors, apoptosis in the model biological system Drosophila melanogaster was studied under different exposure protocols. A signal generator was used operating alternatively under Continuous Wave (CW) or Frequency Modulation (FM) emission modes, at three power output values (10 dB, 0, −10 dB), under four carrier frequencies (100, 395, 682, 900 MHz). Newly emerged flies were exposed either acutely (6 min or 60 min on the 6th day), or repeatedly (6 min or 60 min daily for the first 6 days of their life). All exposure protocols resulted in an increase of apoptotic cell death (ACD) observed in egg chambers, even at very low electric field strengths. FM waves seem to have a stronger effect in ACD than continuous waves. Regarding intensity and temporal exposure pattern, EMF-biological tissue interaction is not linear in response. Intensity threshold for the induction of biological effects depends on frequency, modulation and temporal exposure pattern with unknown so far mechanisms. Given this complexity, translating such experimental data into possible human exposure guidelines is yet arbitrary.
Quantitative assessment of hand disability by the Nine-Hole-Peg test (9-HPT) in cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Gait disturbances and sensory deficit in the hands are the most common clinical features in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). The disease course is often insidious and slow. The treatment for the underlying cervical-canal stenosis is surgical decompression or stabilisation. Functional scales have been used in CSM to assess neurological impairment, including the Nurick scale1 and the modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scale.2 Whereas functional scales are helpful in quantifying patient disability, they lack the objectivity of a neurological examination. A timed walking test as a quantitative functional test focusing on gait impairment has recently been developed.3 The present study has assessed hand disability in CSM patients with the quantitative Nine-Hole-Peg Test (9-HPT). This easy-to-use test was developed in 1985,4 and is now extensively applied to measure hand dexterity in multiple sclerosis (MS). 5 Nine-HPT could constitute a quantifying complementary test to the Walking Time test in CSM to explore the two main symptoms—gait and hand disability. Forty patients with CSM, corroborated by MRI, were recruited between January 2003 and March 2006. Patients with other known neurological disease were excluded from this study. A posterior decompressive procedure was undergone in all patients. Twenty healthy subjects were assessed with the 9-HPT to give the normal range values in our …
Role of hemoglobin and capillarization for oxygen delivery and extraction in muscular exercise.

Through the years the role of the various links in the transport of oxygen in the human body has been discussed extensively, and especially whether one of these links could be singled out as limiting oxygen uptake during exercise. In his thesis work Lars Hermansen dealt with several of these variables related to oxygen transport and uptake. Two of these were the hemoglobin concentration of the blood (Hb) and skeletal muscle capillarization. These are the focus of this article. It can be demonstrated that variation in arterial oxygen content due to different Hb concentrations is fully compensated for at the level of the muscle, i.e. the amount of oxygen delivered to contracting muscles is adjusted by a variation in the blood flow so that it is the same regardless of Hb concentration in the range of 118-172 g X l-1. At the systemic level, with a large fraction of the muscle exercising, this causes an increase in submaximal heart rate and a lowering in maximal oxygen uptake in people with low as compared to normal or high Hb concentration. The primary significance of an enlarged capillary network in the muscle does not appear to be for accommodating a larger flow, but rather to allow for a long enough mean transit time and large enough surface area for optimal exchange of gases, substrates and metabolites.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease in the Kingdom of Bahrain ( FPRP )

Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admissions in Bahrain and it considered one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality. However, HRQOL in SCD patients is not well studied in this part of the world. SF 36 questionnaire was administered to a total of 1886 participants, through manual and online methods in Salmanya Medical comlex and health centers outpatient’s clinics, general society, and through SCD society, out of which 168 were excluded. Of the participants, 420 (24.4%) had SCD, 607 (35.3%) had chronic disease and 691 (40.2%) were disease free. SCD respondents scored significantly lower than the other two groups in HRQOL in all domains of SF-36, with the following means in role-physical 34.1 (SD 36.1), role-emotional 40.6 (SD 41.0) and general health 44.7 (SD 17.7) affected mostly P ≤ 0.001. Adults with SCD in Bahrain showed significant impairment in all domains of HRQOL when compared to the general population. We would recommend conducting further researches to evaluate the factors that may influence the HRQOL in SCD patients.
A new method for selection of angular aqueous plexus cells from porcine eyes: a model for Schlemm's canal endothelium.

PURPOSE The authors sought to develop a technique for isolating and culturing angular aqueous plexus (AAP) cells from more plentiful porcine eyes. AAP is an analogue of Schlemm's canal. METHODS Cells were differentially selected with puromycin, a toxin often used to select brain microvascular endothelial cells based on the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a multidrug resistance efflux pump. Trabecular meshwork containing AAP was dissected and pooled from fresh porcine eyes, digested in collagenase I, washed, filtered, and cultured for 8 days in a gelatin-coated plastic flask. Cells were then selected by exposure to 4 μg/mL puromycin for 2 days in the culture medium. Cells were fixed and immunostained for P-gp, ICAM II, von Willebrand factor (vWF), VE-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). RESULTS Histology of the limbus showed that the dissection was limited to the trabecular meshwork region, including the AAP. Before puromycin treatment, cells appeared heterogeneous and polygonal, suggestive of a mixed population. More than 90% of the cells were removed by puromycin, leaving a population that appeared uniformly cobblestone-like when grown to confluence and that was contact inhibited. Puromycin-selected cells stained positively for the endothelial markers ICAM II, vWF, and VE-cadherin but negatively for α-SMA, consistent with staining patterns in whole tissue. CONCLUSIONS Based on marker expression, morphology, and behavior in culture, puromycin-selected cells from porcine outflow tissues are AAP endothelial cells. Thus, porcine eyes can provide a plentiful alternative cell source for studying Schlemm's canal biology related to ocular hypertension.
Asynchronous Iterative Algorithms with Flexible Communication for Nonlinear Network Flow Problems

The strictly convex network flow problem is considered. The dual of this problem is unconstrained, differentiable, and well suited for solution via distributed or parallel iterative methods. A new class of asynchronous iterative methods is proposed: the asynchronous iterations with flexible communication. Communication to other processors of the value of the components of the iteration vector resulting from intermediary steps of computation is the main feature of this new class of methods. Convergence is speeded up when such partial updates are used. A convergence result is given. Preliminary computational results are presented and analyzed.
Miniaturized Patch Antenna With Enhanced Bandwidth Based on Signal-Interference Feed

In this letter, a miniaturized microstrip patch antenna with enhanced bandwidth is presented. Based on the transversal signal-interference concept, the dual feedline structure is employed to reduce the nonradiating side of the antenna element. In order to extend the impedance bandwidth, an additional T-shaped stub resonator is introduced. Compared to a typical rectangular patch antenna, 32% size reduction and 17.0% impedance bandwidth (S11<;-10 dB) enhancement are achieved, respectively. Good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.
Cyclosporin A suppresses replication of hepatitis C virus genome in cultured hepatocytes

Persistent infection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver diseases such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Searching for a substance with anti‐HCV potential, we examined the effects of a variety of compounds on HCV replication using a HCV subgenomic replicon cell culture system. Consequently, the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) was found to have a suppressive effect on the HCV replicon RNA level and HCV protein expression in these cells. CsA also inhibited multiplication of the HCV genome in a cultured human hepatocyte cell line infected with HCV using HCV‐positive plasma. This anti‐HCV activity of CsA appeared to be independent of its immunosuppressive function. In conclusion, our results suggest that CsA may represent a new approach for the development of anti‐HCV therapy.
The Promises of Change‐Related Brain Potentials in Cognitive Neuroscience of Music

Abstract: Even when simultaneously performing a task unrelated to sounds, the human auditory cortex can precisely model the invariances of the acoustic environment. Data acquired in a mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm have shown that temporally and spectrally complex sounds as well as their relations are automatically represented in the human auditory cortex. Furthermore, MMN data indicate that these neural sound representations are spatially distinct from phonetic and musical sounds within and between the cerebral hemispheres. Most MMN studies were conducted in pitch dimension, but temporal aspects of sound processing are also under increasing experimentation. To some extent, musical expertise is also reflected in sound representation accuracy as indexed by the MMN paradigm.
Dielectrophoresis-based multi-step nanowire assembly on a flexible superstrate

Nanowire assembly based on dielectrophoresis (DEP) could be a useful and efficient tool for fabricating nanowire-based devices. Although there have been extensive reports on the DEP nanowire assembly, the new approaches that make DEP more facile and affordable are still desirable. Herein, we present an approach using the reusable electrodes to assemble silver nanowires onto a removable, independent polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. The PET film is placed on the reusable electrodes, and a sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to the electrodes to induce DEP force for nanowire assembly upon the flexible film. We explore the influences of voltage, frequency and film thickness on nanowire assembly and further realize the assembly of silver nanowire arrays. In addition, the induced electric field is rotated in two consecutive steps to assemble the rectangular mesh-like nanowire networks. This reusable and facile approach for DEP nanowire assembly could provide a low-cost, precise, rapid and convenient tool for applications in the fields of flexible electronics.
Understanding the Success of Promotoras in Increasing Chronic Diseases Screening

The purpose of this qualitative study was to elicit information on why a promotora (or, community health worker (CHW)) increased adherence to chronic disease screening among women along the U.S.-Mexico border. After completion of the intervention, women and clinic staff who participated in the promotora phase of a randomized, controlled study answered structured, open-ended questionnaires. Clinicians from two non-participating clinics were also interviewed. Content analysis found that the promotora's roles included health education and the facilitation of routine and follow-up care. Clients appreciated the promotora's socio-cultural characteristics, as well as her personal skills and qualities, and described her as a trained, natural helper whose personalized support removed barriers to health care and helped women to take care of themselves. Most clinicians recommended working with a CHW to increase adherence to chronic disease prevention practices. A CHW can play a crucial role on a health care team and interventions should tap into this resource.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM), the asbestos-induced neoplasm originating in the mesothelial lining of the lung cavities represents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians in Australia. Very seldom diagnosed prior to the advent of widespread asbestos mining in the early to midtwentieth century, it has sharply risen in incidence over the last five decades. According to the most recent Australian Institute of Health and Welfare data, there were 666 cases of malignant mesothelioma diagnosed in Australia in 2009 and around 90% of them originated in the pleura.
Renin-1 Is Essential for Normal Renal Juxtaglomerular Cell Granulation and Macula Densa Morphology*

The secretion of renin from granules stored in renal juxtaglomerular cells plays a key role in blood pressure homeostasis. The synthesis and release of renin and the extent of granulation is regulated by several mechanisms including signaling from the macula densa, neuronal input, and blood pressure. Through the use of a gene-targeting vector containing homology arms generated using the polymerase chain reaction, we have inactivated theRen-1 d gene, one of two mouse genes encoding renin, and report that lack of renin-1 d results in altered morphology of the macula densa of the kidney distal tubule and complete absence of juxtaglomerular cell granulation. Furthermore,Ren-1 d−/− mice exhibit sexually dimorphic hypotension. The altered growth morphology of the macula densa in Ren-1d -null mice should provide a tool for the investigation of the JG cell-macula densa signaling. Furthermore, the current data indicate that expression of theRen-1 d gene is a prerequisite for the formation of storage granules, even though the related protein renin-2 is present in these mice, suggesting that renin-1 d and renin-2 are secreted by distinct pathways in vivo.
Load frequency control by integrating real-time price presentations for consumers and direct commands issued to generators and batteries

We propose a novel real-time pricing method for load frequency control in the grid when there is a lot of wind power. We adjust the electricity price for the owners of heat pump water heaters in addition to controlling batteries and thermal power plants at the same time. In our method, the uncertainty due to indirectly controlling electricity consumption through price presentation is compensated by issuing the direct commands to batteries and thermal power plants. Our numerical simulation demonstrates that power balance is achieved and the load frequency in the grid is kept within the permissible range when wind power generation fluctuates rapidly in a short period.
Linearly and circularly polarized elements on sequentially rotated 2×2 arrays for 60 ghz bans

This work presents a comparison between four different 2×2 sequentially rotated array configurations. Two configurations use linearly polarized elements in the array, and the other two use circularly polarized elements. The arrays are designed for operation at 60 GHz, for body area network applications. All configurations show an axial ratio bandwidth of 11.6% at 60 GHz, with axial ratio below 0.5 dB. The arrays with circularly polarized elements showed a gain 6 dB higher than the arrays with linearly polarized elements.
Delay alignment of top- and sub loudspeaker systems; a survey of new and old methods.

A couple of popular methods are presented with their benefits and drawbacks. Commonly used methods are using wrapped phase and impulse response. With real time FFT analysis, magnitude and time domain can be analyzed simultaneously. Filtered impulse response and Cepstrum analysis are helpful tools when the spectral content differs and make it hard to analyse the impulse response. To make a successful time alignment the measurements must be anechoic. Methods such as multiple time windowing and averaging in frequency domain are presented. Group-delay and wavelets analysis are used to evaluate the measurements.
A grey relational analysis based evaluation metric for image captioning and video captioning

Aiming at the performance evaluation on image captioning and video captioning, this paper discusses the existing performance metrics and then suggests a novel overall performance metric based on grey relational analysis of Grey System Theory. In our metric, all the available performance metrics of each captioning model is used to extract a comparative sequence. Meanwhile, a reference sequence is constructed by combining all the available performance metrics involved. Then an overall metric is obtained by computing the grey relational degrees between the two kinds of sequences. Experimental results on the most widely-used image dataset and video dataset show that the proposed metric is fast and effective that helps for spurring improvements and measuring progress in the state of the art of image captioning and video captioning.
Modification of Tension on Muscle Insertion Improves Smile in Free-Muscle Transplantation

A functional free muscle without creation of different vectors and tension adjustment is an insufficient substitute for the mimetic muscles in the reanimation of facial paralysis. Placement of the lower 3 slips of the serratus anterior muscle and their tension adjustment were revised in 2 patients with facial paralysis to provide stronger upper lip movement and coordinated movement of the corner of the mouth superiorly and laterally. The slips were harvested with gradually decreasing lengths and separated from each other on both sides of their common neurovascular pedicle. The 9th slip was oriented at 55 to 60 degrees to the upper lip with the greatest tension. The 8th slip exerted original strength of tension to the modiolus at 45 degrees. The 7th slip was placed horizontally with the least tension. The results were evaluated according to open and closed lip smile and excursion of the modiolus. Stronger upper lip elevation and sufficient elevation of the modiolus with a proper 3-directional movement were demonstrated.
A dynamic portfolio of American option using fuzzy binomial method

A Dynamic Portfolio or Dynamic Asset Allocation is a strategy used to determine the proportion of a number of assets, chosen carefully, in order to achieve optimum performance of the portfolio. In this paper, the portfolio consists only Options traded in the financial market. One of the most famous models of option pricing is Binomial Cox-Ross-Rubinstein (CRR) Model. Using Fuzzy Binomial CRR procedure, the price of option is an interval with specific membership degree, by which the investors are allowed to adjust their portfolios. We make a portfolio dynamically adjusted periodically, in which the membership degree of an option price determines decision of buying or selling option in the simulation. The result shows a significant gain of investment only in a short period of time.
Variability and Trends of Aerosol Properties over Kanpur, Northern India Using AERONET Data (2001–10) data files

Natural and anthropogenic aerosols over northern India play an important role in influencing the regional radiation budget, causing climate implications to the overall hydrological cycle of South Asia. In the context of regional climate change and air quality, we discuss aerosol loading variability and trends at Kanpur AERONET station located in the central part of the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP), during the last decade (2001–10). Ground-based radiometric measurements show an overall increase in column-integrated aerosol optical depth (AOD) on a yearly basis. This upward trend is mainly due to a sustained increase in the seasonal/monthly averaged AOD during the winter (Dec–Feb) and post-monsoon (Oct–Nov) seasons (dominated by anthropogenic emissions). In contrast, a neutral to weak declining trend is observed during late pre-monsoon (Mar–May) and monsoon (Jun–Sep) months, mainly influenced by inter-annual variations of dust outbreaks. A general decrease in coarse-mode aerosols associated with variable dust activity is observed, whereas the statistically significant increasing post-monsoon/winter AOD is reflected in a shift of the columnar size distribution towards relatively larger particles in the accumulation mode. Overall, the present study provides an insight into the pronounced seasonal behavior in aerosol loading trends and, in general, is in agreement with that associating the findings with those recently reported by satellite observations (MODIS and MISR) over northern India. Our results further suggest that anthropogenic emissions (due mainly to fossil-fuel and biomass combustion) over the IGP have continued to increase in the last decade.