Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of additives and drying methods on quality attributes of fish protein powder made from saithe (Pollachius virens).

BACKGROUND Fish protein powder (FPP) is used in the food industry for developing formulated food products. This study investigates the feasibility of increasing the value of saithe (Pollachius virens) by producing a functional FPP. Quality attributes of spray and freeze-dried saithe surimi containing lyoprotectants were studied. A freeze-dried saithe surimi without lyoprotectants was also prepared as a control sample. RESULTS The amount of protein, moisture, fat and carbohydrate in the FPPs were 745-928, 39-58, 21-32 and 10-151 g kg(-1). Quality attributes of FPPs were influenced by the two drying methods and lyoprotectants. The highest level of lipid oxidation was found in the control and the second highest in the spray-dried FPP. The spray-dried fish protein had the lowest viscosity among all FPPs. Gel-forming ability of samples with lyoprotectants was higher than that of the control. Water-binding capacity, emulsion properties and solubility of the freeze-dried fish protein containing lyoprotectants were significantly higher than spray-dried and control samples. However, functional properties of spray-dried FPP were higher than the control sample. CONCLUSION It is feasible to develop value-added FPP from saithe surimi using spray- and freeze-drying processes, but freeze-dried FPP containing lyoprotectant had superior functional properties and stability compared with spray-dried sample. Both products might be used as functional protein ingredients in various food systems.
Mapping glutamate responses in immunocytochemically identified neurons of the mouse retina

The mammalian retina contains as many as 50–60 unique cell types, many of which have been identified using various neurochemical markers. Retinal neurons express N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA), α‐amino‐3‐hydroxyl‐5‐methylisoxazole‐4‐propionic acid (AMPA), and kainic acid (KA) receptor subunits in various mixtures, densities, and spatial distributions. Ionotropic glutamatergic drive in retinal neurons can be mapped using a cation channel permeant guanidinium analog called agmatine (1‐amino‐4‐guanidobutane; AGB). This alternative approach to physiologically characterize neurons in the retina was introduced by Marc (1999, J Comp Neurol 407:47–64, 407:65–76), and allows the simultaneous mapping of responses of glutamate receptor‐gated channels from an entire population of neurons. Unlike previous AGB studies, we colocalized AGB with various macromolecular markers using direct and indirect immunofluorescence to characterize the glutamate agonist sensitivities of specific cell types. Activation with NMDA, AMPA, and KA resulted in AGB entry into neurons in a dose‐dependent manner and was consistent with previous receptor subunit localization studies. Consistent with the various morphological phenotypes encompassed by the calbindin and calretinin immunoreactive cells, we observed various functional phenotypes revealed by AGB labeling. Not all calbindin or calretinin immunoreactive cells showed ligand‐evoked AGB permeation. A small proportion either did not possess functional glutamate receptors, required higher activation thresholds, or express functional channels impermeable to AGB. AMPA and KA activation of bipolar cells resulted in AGB permeation into the hyperpolarizing variety only. We also studied the glutamate ligand‐gating properties of 3[α1‐3]‐fucosyl‐N‐acetyl‐lactosamine (CD15) immunoreactive cells and show functional responses consistent with receptor subunit gene expression patterns. CD15‐immunoreactive bipolar cells only responded to AMPA but not KA. The CD15 immunoreactive amacrine cells demonstrated an identical selectivity to AMPA activation, but were also responsive to NMDA. Finally, localization of AGB secondary to glutamate receptor activation was visualized with a permanent reaction product. J. Comp. Neurol. 494:686–703, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis Viruses in Ismailia, Egypt

The hepatitis virus is hyperendemic in Egypt, western Asia and Africa. In Egypt, most studies have been carried out in the regions of the upper and lower Nile Delta, and so little is known about other parts of the country. Our project aimed to clarify the carrier rate of various hepatitis viruses in the northeastern province of Ismailia. A total of 214 patients with elevated liver enzymes were enrolled in this study. Sera were collected in Ismailia hospital. We conducted a serological and molecular-based survey of hepatitis viruses, including their genetic variability and genotype-related differences. There were 10 (4.7%) cases positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and 156 (72.9%) positive for anti-hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab). Phylogenetic analysis showed that genotype C of HBV and genotype 4a of HCV were prevalent. Hepatitis D virus RNA was not detected in HBsAg carriers. Although anti-hepatitis E virus IgM antibody was positive in 5 cases (2.3%), no case was positive for its RNA. Among 54 cases negative for HBsAg and HCV-Ab, HBV-DNA was detected in 35 cases (65%). Our results revealed that HBV and HCV, including occult HBV infection, are widespread and related to liver diseases in Ismailia province, Egypt.
An Econometric Study of Economic Growth, Energy and Exports in Mauritius: Implications for Trade and Climate Policy

While electricity from fossil fuels is among a major source of greenhouse gases and global warming, it is also a key resource in the industrial sector geared towards exports and economic growth. This study attempts to examine the export-GDP nexus and electricity-GDP nexus in addition to a supplementary hypothesis between exports and electricity in Mauritius for the period of 1970-2009. An augmented neo-classical aggregate production model is used. The ARDL bounds test and the Johansen cointegration test confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between these variables. The multivariate Granger-causality analysis indicates that electricity and exports Granger-cause economic growth in the long-run. Electricity remains a significant causal variable in the short-run and is also found to lead exports. The empirical findings suggest that conserving electricity as a climate policy may not be conducive for exports and economic growth. The use of renewable sources for electricity may be the right option. Keywords: Growth; Exports; Electricity; Granger causality; Climate policy JEL Classifications: Q37; Q43; Q48
Balancing the scales: recovering from service failures depends on the psychological distance of consumers

The purpose of this research is to enhance knowledge about service recovery by investigating the feelings of psychological distance in the relationship between customers' perceptions of service recovery efforts of the perceived justice dimensions (distributive, procedural, and interactional justice) and attitudinal responses such as satisfaction with service recovery effort and trust in the firm. The results of structural equation modelling analyses suggested that consumers who had positive justice perceptions were likely to exhibit positive attitudinal responses. Consequently, the positive attitudinal responses generated positive word-of-mouth intention about their experiences and encouraged them to continue the service.
Remember that? A comparison of real-time versus retrospective recall of smoking lapses.

Research and treatment assessments often rely on retrospective recall of events. The accuracy of recall was tested using accounts of smoking lapse episodes from 127 participants who had quit smoking, and lapses and temptations were recorded in near-real time using a hand-held computer. These computer records were compared with retrospective accounts elicited 12 weeks later, with a focus on recall of lapses in 4 content domains: mood, activity, episode Triggers, and abstinence violation effects. Recall of lapses was quite poor: Average kappas for items ranged from 0.18 to 0.27. Mean profile rs assessing recall for the overall pattern of behavior were . 36, . 30, . 33, and . 44 for these domains, respectively. In recall, participants overestimated their negative affect and the number of cigarettes they had smoked during the lapse, and their recall was influenced by current smoking status. The findings suggest caution in the use of recall in research and intervention.
Glypican-3–Targeted 89Zr PET Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a devastating malignancy in which imperfect imaging plays a primary role in diagnosis. Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an HCC-specific cell surface proteoglycan overexpressed in most HCCs. This paper presents the use of 89Zr-conjugated monoclonal antibody against GPC3 (89Zr-αGPC3) for intrahepatic tumor localization using PET. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction confirmed relative GPC3 expression in cell lines. In vitro binding, in vivo biodistribution, and small-animal PET studies were performed on GPC3-expressing HepG2 and non–GPC3-expressing HLF and RH7777 cells and orthotopic xenografts. Results: 89Zr-αGPC3 demonstrated antibody-dependent, antigen-specific tumor binding. HepG2 liver tumors exhibited high peak uptake (836.6 ± 86.6 percentage injected dose [%ID]/g) compared with background liver (27.5 ± 1.6 %ID/g). Tumor-to-liver contrast ratio was high and peaked at 32.5. The smallest HepG2 tumor (<1 mm) showed lower peak uptake (42.5 ± 6.4 %ID/g) and tumor-to-liver contrast (1.57) but was still clearly visible on PET. Day 7 tissue activity was still substantial in HepG2 tumors (466.4 ± 87.6 %ID/g) compared with control RH7777 tumors (3.9 ± 1.3 %ID/g, P < 0.01), indicating antigen specificity by 89Zr-αGPC3. HepG2 tumor treated with unlabeled αGPC3 or heat-denatured 89Zr-αGPC3 demonstrated tumor activity (2.1 %ID/g) comparable to that of control xenografts, confirming antibody dependency. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the feasibility of using 89Zr-αGPC3 to image HCC in the liver, as well as the qualitative determination of GPC3 expression via small-animal PET. The ability to clarify the identity of small liver lesions with an HCC-specific PET probe would provide clinicians with vital information that could significantly alter patient management, warranting further investigation for clinical translation.
SPENDING TO SAVE? THE COST‐EFFECTIVENESS OF CONFLICT PREVENTION

While the general argument that it is easier and more cost‐effective to prevent conflicts before the outbreak of violence has considerable attraction, a rigorous approach to estimating the cost and benefits of this policy is still lacking. The objective of this study is to contribute to the development of such an approach. The project involves six case studies, three retrospective (the Western Balkans, Afghanistan, and Rwanda) and three prospective (Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and southern Sudan). Its main conclusion is that targeted programmes of conflict prevention are (or would have been) significantly cheaper than cure.
An Integration of Kano’s Model and Exit‐Voice Theory: A Case Study

The purpose of this study was to examine overall customer satisfaction associated with medical service quality in Taiwan by integrated Kano’s model and customer satisfaction index model. Another purpose was to confirmed nonlinear and asymmetric relationship of Customer Satisfaction and Quality Performance by the research outcome. By analyzing 1,100 patients or their family members, this study used the structural equation model (SEM) with AMOS software for data analysis. The results show that must‐be attributes, one‐dimensional attributes and attractive attributes had a direct effect on overall customer satisfaction, Surprisingly, overall customer satisfaction had positively influenced customer loyalty customer satisfaction had negatively influenced customer complaints. The study also found that customer complaints have direct effect on customer loyalty. Importantly, the study found out the must‐be attributes, the attractive attributes and one‐dimensional attributes increased, the level of overall customer satisfaction also increased. The customer satisfaction positively influences customer loyalty in medical service quality in Taiwan. The findings might reveal new insights for researchers dealing with quality of medical service and for hospital managers who devote resources exclusively to achieving highest possible levels of patient satisfaction.
Training-Free, Single-Image Super-Resolution Using a Dynamic Convolutional Network

The typical approach for solving the problem of single-image super-resolution (SR) is to learn a nonlinear mapping between the low-resolution (LR) and high-resolution (HR) representations of images in a training set. Training-based approaches can be tuned to give high accuracy on a given class of images, but they call for retraining if the HR <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rightarrow$</tex-math></inline-formula> LR generative model deviates or if the test images belong to a different class, which limits their applicability. On the other hand, we propose a solution that does not require a training dataset. Our method relies on constructing a dynamic convolutional network (DCN) to learn the relation between the consecutive scales of Gaussian and Laplacian pyramids. The relation is in turn used to predict the detail at a finer scale, thus leading to SR. Comparisons with state-of-the-art techniques on standard datasets show that the proposed DCN approach results in about 0.8 and 0.3 dB gain in peak signal-to-noise ratio for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> SR, respectively. The structural similarity index is on par with the competing techniques.
Software Troubleshooting Using Machine Learning

Configuration errors account for 60% of today's system failures. These misconfigurations cause the system to crash, hang or silently fail, forcing users to reach out to developers for technical support. Previous approaches have relied upon detailed knowledge of application architecture or semantics of system performance measures. This paper aims at detecting potential application failures due to configuration errors using a pure machine learning approach. Our experiments using Hadoop MapReduce applications demonstrate an accuracy of 95% in detecting the presence of a misconfiguration. Further, our mechanism also detects both - the type of misconfiguration and the exact misconfiguration, in a Hadoop cluster with an accuracy of 85% and 60% respectively.
Regulation of 21-hydroxylase activity by steroids in cultured bovine adrenocortical cells: possible significance for adrenocortical androgen synthesis.

When primary bovine adrenocortical cells were cultured in a serum- and lipoprotein-free medium, the pattern of steroids synthesized from pregnenolone precursor was altered by prior treatment with ACTH and by prior exposure to pregnenolone. As evidenced by the high performance liquid chromatographic profile of steroids synthesized from pregnenolone, ACTH induced 17-hydroxylase activity, whereas, regardless of ACTH treatment, prior exposure to pregnenolone reduced 21-hydroxylase activity. Direct addition of possible secreted products of pregnenolone—androstenedione, progesterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-hydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione)—was found to cause loss of 21-hydroxylase activity measured as 21-deoxycortisol (llβ,17-dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione) conversion to cortisol. Several steroids that caused loss of 11β-hydroxylase activity did not affect 21-hydroxylase. Androstenedione suppressed both 21- and llβ-hydroxylase but did not affect 17-hydroxylase or C17,20-lyase activities. The time course o.
Traffic Performance Models for Dynamic Traffic Assignment: An Assessment of Existing Models

Abstract This paper provides a review of the traffic performance models for dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) and it identifies the strength and weakness of existing models. Requirements for traffic performance models are identified and various forms of existing traffic performance models for DTA are reviewed and analysed according to the requirements. Non‐linear travel time models are shown to have some deficiencies that make them unsuitable for the analysis of time‐varying transportation networks. Even though linear‐type travel time models are identified as good candidates for the analysis of dynamic transportation networks, they have limitations from the practical point of view that travel time increases only linearly with the amount of traffic on the link. This poses a dilemma and it seems to be one whose resolution is an imminent precondition for DTA modelling to progress in a way that is both theoretically coherent and plausible in practical terms.
A LONGITUDINAL SURVEY ON CAPITAL BUDGETING PRACTICES

This paper reports the findings of a longitudinal study of capital budgeting practices within 100 large UK companies between 1975 and 1992. Such an approach enables a more meaningful comparison of changes in investment practices over time and helps to clarify the confusing picture built up from comparison of prior surveys with different research designs and often low response rates.
Do Education and Income Really Explain Inequalities in Health? Applying a Twin Design

We apply a twin design to examine the relationship between health and education and income. The estimated associations between health and education and income, controlling for unobserved endowments, at the twin-pair level, are lower than estimates obtained via ordinary least-squares (OLS) on the same sample. Thus, OLS-based effects of education and income are biased, exaggerating the contribution of education and income to health inequality. The main part of health inequality is explained by within-twin-pair fixed effects, incorporating family background and genetic inheritance. It appears that education and income policies have less to offer for reducing health inequality than is usually assumed.
Adoption of E-commerce: Understanding of Security Challenge

Security is a consistent barrier to the adoption and implementation of e-commerce for customers and organisations. Prior research into the adoption of e-commerce and Internet banking has reported many other challenges and barriers that hinder the acceptance and engagement in e-commerce transactions. However, few research studies have attempted to address each challenge separately in depth, in the hope of solving the difficulties, making improvements and obtaining insight into each factor/challenge, which will ultimately enhance the adoption of e-commerce. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to focus on the security challenges by exploring the nature of this factor from both a customer and organisational perspective within Jordan. An interpretive-qualitative research was adopted in this research, which helps to understand the phenomenon in its natural setting. The results of this research provide decision makers (businesses and IT managers) and companies that run an online business in Jordan insights into the current situation of this factor (security), which will enable them to implement effective strategies to address this factor.
Diamonds are forever : the business of baseball

America's favourite pastime is also big business. The last 15 years have been exceptionally good to the business of baseball - with the growth in fan attendance, the spread of cable television, the burgeoning interest in cards and other baseball memorabilia, the historical appreciation of franchise values, the emergence of a powerful players' union, and average salaries that are almost 20 times their pre-1976 levels. Yet at this time of prosperity, major economic issues trouble the sport: the threat of franchise relocation, the continual flash points in collective bargaining, the growing commercialization of the game, the club owners' collusive response to free agency, lingering concerns of race discrimination and the arguably tenuous link between player pay and performance. This book examines these and other major issues and assesses their probable impact on the business of baseball. It looks at the player's labour market; the impact of fans; pay performance, and competitive balance; and the influence of race on salaries. These papers were originally presented at the annual Middlebury College conference on economic issues in 1991. The contributors are Paul L. Burgess, George G. Daly, Rodney D. Fort, David M. Federick, Bruce K. Johnson, William H. Kaempfer, Lawrence M. Kahn, Daniel R. Merburger, Philip K. Porter, David J. Salant, John A. Vernon, Richard L. Wobbekind and Andrew Zimbaliist.
Adapting Macroprudential Policies to Global Liquidity Conditions

This paper outlines an approach to macroprudential policy for open emerging economies that emphasizes banking sector balance sheet management as the key driver of risk premiums, capital flows and vulnerabilities to sudden reversals in global liquidity conditions. It argues for the usefulness of monitoring the "non-core liabilities" of the banking sector as a signal of lending standards and potential vulnerability of the financial system to shocks. The paper presents a taxonomy of macroprudential tools, ranging from orthodox tools of bank capital regulation to more novel "liabilities-side" tools, such as the levy on non-core liabilities recently introduced by the Korean Republic.
Design of a Reconfigurable Miniaturized Microstrip Antenna for Switchable Multiband Systems

In this letter, a novel printed frequency-reconfigurable microstrip square slot antenna for switchable Bluetooth, WiMAX, and WLAN applications is presented. The proposed antenna has a small size of 20 × 20 mm2 in order to be able to cover lower frequencies; as for Bluetooth applications, miniaturization techniques such as modification of the ground plane and inserting an adjustable backplane cross-shaped sleeve have been employed. Moreover, by implementation of p-i-n diodes within the antenna structure, switchable frequency responses are achieved. The presented antenna has a small size while providing suitable switchable radiations at 2.3-2.51 GHz (BW = 8.7%) Bluetooth, 3.35-3.75 GHz (BW = 11.2%) WiMAX, and 4.95-5.53 GHz (BW=11%) WLAN.
Elementary Cellular Automata with Elementary Memory Rules in Cells: The Case of Linear Rules

Cellular Automata (CA) are discrete, spatially explicit extended dynamic systems. A CA system is composed of adjacent cells or sites arranged as a regulard-dimensional lattice, which evolves in discrete time steps. Each cell is characterized by an internal state whose value belongs to a finite set. The updating of these states is made simultaneously according to a common local transition rule involving only a neighborhood of each cell. Thus, if σ (T ) i is taken to denote the value of cell i at time stepT , the
Constructing Scarcity and Sensationalising Water Politics: 170 Days That Shook Athens

This paper examines the drought that hit Athens between 1989 and 1991 and analyses the role of this natural phenomenon as the “ferment” for ongoing political-economic transformations in the direction of liberalisation and privatisation of water management and allocation in Greece. The paper analyses how the drought was marshalled as an effective discursive vehicle to facilitate and expedite the state-led neoliberal political-economic agenda. It shows how the social consensus around a number of “emergency measures” that the state adopted to deal with a “natural” crisis was grounded in a particular discourse on water and in the political-economic “positioning” of “nature” as a source of crisis. In turn, this change in the “discursive” production of nature fused with the rhetoric and practice of market-led development and privatisation and, ultimately, facilitated important transformations in the social and political-economic (material) production of nature.