Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mixed H2 / H∞ optimal control for three-phase Grid Connected Converter

Three-phase Grid Connected Converter (GCC), which acts as an important component for integrating the renewable energy into the smart grid, are attracting a great deal of attention. Traditionally, GCC are controlled with proportional plus integrator (PI) or Proportional plus resonant (PR) controllers in the rotating synchronous frame or stationary frame, respectively. However, those mechanisms show slowly response times for tracking the changing reference commands without considering the uncertainty and volatility in the grid. This paper investigates how to mitigate such restrictions using a mixed H2 / H∞ controller to control a grid-connected converter. The proposed controller ensures: a) the resulting closed-loop system is asymptotically stable for all admissible parameter uncertainties b) the given transient performance index can be guaranteed under uncertainties and disturbance. Simulation results show good transient and steady performance than the traditional PI control methods.
GMM and HMM training by aggregated EM algorithm with increased ensemble sizes for robust parameter estimation

In order to compensate for the weaknesses of the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to over-training and to improve model performance for new data, we have recently proposed aggregated EM (Ag-EM) algorithm that introduces bagging like approach in the framework of the EM algorithm and have shown that it gives similar improvements as cross-validation EM (CV-EM) over conventional EM. However, a limitation with the experiments was that the number of multiple models used in the aggregation operation or the ensemble size was fixed to a small value. Here, we investigate the relationship between the ensemble size and the performance as well as giving a theoretical discussion with the order of the computational cost. The algorithm is first analyzed using simulated data and then applied to large vocabulary speech recognition on oral presentations. Both of these experiments show that Ag-EM outperforms CV-EM by using larger ensemble sizes.
Analysis of musical rhythm complexity measures in a cultural context

Eight measures of musical rhythm complexity are compared to each other using two families of real-world rhythms: subsaharan African timelines and North Indian talas. The complexity measures that are designed to measure syncopation, and that agree with human judgements, also agree with each other across the two families. Thus they may be considered as culturally robust measures, at least for these two families of rhythms. Furthermore, according to these measures the African timelines are more complex than the North Indian talas. On the other hand, the more mathematical measures of complexity are less culturally robust, and suggest that some North Indian talas are more complex, in this sense, than the African timelines.
Automated Data Mining Techniques: A Critical Literature Review

Data mining has emerged as one of the major research domain in the recent decades in order to extract implicit and useful knowledge. This knowledge can be comprehended by humans easily. Initially, this knowledge extraction was computed and evaluated manually using statistical techniques. Subsequently,semi-automated data mining techniques emerged because of the advancement in the technology. Such advancement was also in the form of storage which increases the demands of analysis. In such case, semi-automated techniques have become inefficient. Therefore,automated data mining techniques were introduced to synthesis knowledge efficiently. Consequently, in this paper, we focused on automated data mining techniques.We have decided to critically reviewed literature on these techniques. We have highlighted the strengths and limitations of these automated techniques. Consequently,the significance of this paper is to provide a useful resource to academia as well as researchers in the form of concise literature on automated data mining techniques.
Performance analysis of MANET clustering algorithm in group mobility model

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is the network that has no fundamental structure and of which the communication node of system is connected and organized with distributed protocols. Group communication is the major mode of communication in MANET. Many mobile ad hoc network applications depend upon hierarchical structure. Clustering is the most popular method to impose a hierarchical structure in the ad hoc networks. This paper aimed at clustering algorithm performance analysis in group communication application. Based on analyzing the characteristics of the mobility module and typical clustering algorithms, six major one-hop clustering algorithms are compared and evaluated using group mobility module RPGM in the paper. Limitation of current clustering algorithms in group mobility module is pointed out and the implications on clustering algorithm in group communication application are discussed in the end. The results show that the performance of MACA is much higher than that of other algorithms.
Nocuous Ambiguities in Requirements Specifications

In this paper we present a novel approach that automatically alerts authors of requirements specifications to the presence of potentially dangerous ambiguities in their text. We first establish the notion of "nocuous" ambiguities, i.e. those that are likely to lead to misunderstandings. We focus on coordination ambiguity, which occurs when words such as “and” and “or” are used. Our starting point is a dataset of ambiguous phrases from a corpus of requirements specifications, and a collection of associated human judgements about their interpretation. We then use machine learning techniques combined with syntactic, semantic and word distribution heuristics to eliminate instances of text which people interpret easily. We report on a series of experiments and evaluate the performance of our approach against the collection of human judgements. Our machine learning algorithm has an accuracy of 75% compared to a 59.6% baseline.
On the Orientation-Induced Crystallization of Polymers

In order to understand orientation-induced crystallization of polymers, we introduced an intermolecular interaction between polymer chains based on quantum mechanics. We therefore considered a pair of perfectly extended chains where the intermolecular interaction is assumed to be based on the hydrogen interaction with a single chain. When two protons of each extended chain become closer together under tension, the attractive force between the extended chains is caused by the interaction between hydrogen atoms surrounding the main chains based on the hydrogen molecule ion H2+. The energy is split into the ground and excited states, and the spontaneous process leading to the ground state is the origin for orientation-induced crystallization.
Task Type and Resource Allocation Patterns in Multiple‐Task Self‐Regulation

Engaging in multiple tasks is a common and important issue in many achievement settings. This research examined task type (quantitative and qualitative) and resource allocation (time) trends in this context. Prior research has focused largely on quantitative tasks and general predictor-allocation relationships, neglecting qualitative tasks and the potential for multiple distinct allocation trends. These issues were examined in two studies (N 5 75 and N 5 118) involving quantitative and qualitative tasks. Results indicated that over time participants reduced resource allocation to the qualitative task but not to the quantitative task. Both studies also revealed multiple distinct allocation trends in addition to these general patterns. These findings highlight the importance of examining different task types and exploring for multiple distinct trends underlying broader patterns in multiple task research.
Using HIV Transmission Networks to Investigate Community Effects in HIV Prevention Trials

Effective population screening of HIV and prevention of HIV transmission are only part of the global fight against AIDS. Community-level effects, for example those aimed at thwarting future transmission, are potential outcomes of treatment and may be important in stemming the epidemic. However, current clinical trial designs are incapable of detecting a reduction in future transmission due to treatment. We took advantage of the fact that HIV is an evolving pathogen whose transmission network can be reconstructed using genetic sequence information to address this shortcoming. Here, we use an HIV transmission network inferred from recently infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in San Diego, California. We developed and tested a network-based statistic for measuring treatment effects using simulated clinical trials on our inferred transmission network. We explored the statistical power of this network-based statistic against conventional efficacy measures and find that when future transmission is reduced, the potential for increased statistical power can be realized. Furthermore, our simulations demonstrate that the network statistic is able to detect community-level effects (e.g., reduction in onward transmission) of HIV treatment in a clinical trial setting. This study demonstrates the potential utility of a network-based statistical metric when investigating HIV treatment options as a method to reduce onward transmission in a clinical trial setting.
Adaptive Raymarching and Multi-Sampled Pre-integration on Graphics Hardware: Application to the Visualization of Gyrokinetic Plasmas Simulations

The study of plasmas is a rising research topic in the field of physics. It implies the need for specific algorithms allowing physicists to easily visualize and thus correctly interpret related complex datasets. This paper describes an innovative and highly efficient volume rendering method designed for gyrokinetic simulations. Based on a Raymarching approach that benefits from the latest functionalities offered by current graphics programmable hardware, we exploit the geometrical properties of the tokamak (a physical device used to create plasmas) in order to achieve a rendering at interactive framerates. We therefore introduce a novel and general method for Raymarching volumes with an adaptive step. A good approximation of the rays' continuous integration is obtained by introducing a Multi-Sampled Pre-integrated table. A comparison with a recent gyrokinetic simulations visualization technique demonstrates the improved efficiency of our approach in terms of framerate and quality.
Real-Time Identification of Hunt–Crossley Dynamic Models of Contact Environments

Real-time estimates of environment dynamics play an important role in the design of controllers for stable interaction between robotic manipulators and unknown environments. The Hunt-Crossley (HC) dynamic contact model has been shown to be more consistent with the physics of contact, compared with the classical linear models, such as Kelvin-Voigt (KV). This paper experimentally evaluates the author's previously proposed single-stage identification method for real-time parameter estimation of HC nonlinear dynamic models. Experiments are performed on various dynamically distinct objects, including an elastic rubber ball, a piece of sponge, a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) phantom, and a PVC phantom with a hard inclusion. A set of mild conditions for guaranteed unbiased estimation of the proposed method is discussed and experimentally evaluated. Furthermore, this paper rigorously evaluates the performance of the proposed single-stage method and compares it with those of a double-stage method for the HC model and a recursive least squares method for the KV model and its variations in terms of convergence rate, the sensitivity to parameter initialization, and the sensitivity to the changes in environment dynamic properties.
Impact of Health-Promoting Educational Intervention on Lifestyle (Nutrition Behaviors, Physical Activity and Mental Health) Related to Vaginal Health Among Reproductive-Aged Women With Vaginitis

Background Vaginitis is one of the most common diseases in reproductive-aged women (15 - 49 years of age). Side effects of vaginitis can affect other aspects of health, which could be prevented by promoting a healthy lifestyle related to vaginal health. Objectives This study aimed at determining the impact of health-promoting educational intervention on lifestyle (nutrition behaviors, physical activities, and mental health) related to vaginal health among reproductive-aged women with vaginitis. Methods The data set was collected as part of an experimental study conducted on 350 reproductive-aged women with vaginitis. Participants were selected through a stratified two-stage clustered sampling and simple randomization from 10 attending health centers affiliated with Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in five regions (North, South, East, West, and Center) of Kermanshah (a city in western Iran) in 2015. Two clinics in each region were selected; patients from the first center were chosen as the intervention group and patients from the second center made up the control group. To collect data, a questionnaire including socio-demographic and lifestyle questions was used. The questionnaire was designed and validated via the psychometric process. Educational intervention was performed over twenty sessions of 25 to 35 minutes. The intervention group was followed up with face-to-face education, a pamphlet, phone contact, and by social media. The control group continued the routine treatment without contacting the intervention group. Data were collected from both groups before the intervention and six months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-20 package, using the independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test. The confidence interval was 95% and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results ANCOVA showed that after adjusting for effects of pretest scores, the difference between mean scores on the scale of lifestyle related to vaginal health in the intervention group (28.48 ± 0.38) and control group (23.65 ± 1.23) was significant (P < 0.001). Intervention has a positive significant effect on increasing the mean scores of lifestyle in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Comparing mean differences between the two groups indicated significant difference between them (P < 0.001). Results of the paired t-test in the control group did not show significant changes in lifestyle scores after 6 months (P > 0.05). The independent t-test did not show significant statistical differences between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P > 0.05). Conclusions According to the findings, educational intervention is beneficial in promoting three aspects of women's lifestyle related to vaginal health. Therefore, a health-promoting lifestyle seems essential for having a healthy vagina and for preventing vaginitis.
Comparative Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapies Delivered Face-to-Face or over the Telephone: An Observational Study Using Propensity Methods

Objectives To compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness of face-to-face (FTF) with over-the-telephone (OTT) delivery of low intensity cognitive behavioural therapy. Design Observational study following SROBE guidelines. Selection effects were controlled using propensity scores. Non-inferiority comparisons assessed effectiveness. Setting IAPT (improving access to psychological therapies) services in the East of England. Participants 39,227 adults referred to IAPT services. Propensity score strata included 4,106 individuals; 147 pairs participated in 1∶1 matching. Intervention Two or more sessions of computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Main outcome measures Patient-reported outcomes: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression; Generalised Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7); Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). Differences between groups were summarised as standardised effect sizes (ES), adjusted mean differences and minimally important difference for PHQ-9. Cost per session for OTT was compared with FTF. Results Analysis of covariance controlling for number of assessments, provider site, and baseline PHQ-9, GAD-7 and WSAS indicated statistically significantly greater reductions in scores for OTT treatment with moderate (PHQ-9: ES: 0.14; GAD-7: ES: 0.10) or small (WSAS: ES: 0.03) effect sizes. Non-inferiority in favour of OTT treatment for symptom severity persisted as small to moderate effects for all but individuals with the highest symptom severity. In the most stringent comparison, the one-to-one propensity matching, adjusted mean differences in treatment outcomes indicated non-inferiority between OTT versus FTF treatments for PHQ-9 and GAD-7, whereas the evidence was moderate for WSAS. The per-session cost for OTT was 36.2% lower than FTF. Conclusions The clinical effectiveness of low intensity CBT-based interventions delivered OTT was not inferior to those delivered FTF except for people with more severe illness where FTF was superior. This provides evidence for better targeting of therapy, efficiencies for patients, cost savings for services and greater access to psychological therapies for people with common mental disorders.
The Moderating Effect of Religious Involvement on the Relationship Between PTSD Symptoms and Physical Pain in U.S. Veterans and Active Duty Military

Abstract The relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and pain is well known in veterans and active duty military (V/ADM). This study examines the buffering effect of religiosity on that relationship. A multisite study was conducted involving 585 V/ADM from across the United States. Multidimensional measures of religiosity, PTSD symptoms, depression/anxiety were administered, along with physical pain on a 0 to 10 visual analog scale. Bivariate and multivariate relationships were examined, along with the moderating effects of religiosity. PTSD symptoms were significantly related to pain level (r = 0.44), a relationship that was only slightly weaker among highly religious (r = 0.34) vs. nonhighly religious (r = 0.48). In multivariate analyses, the interaction between religiosity and PTSD severity on pain was not significant, although stratified analyses indicated a somewhat weaker relationship between PTSD severity and pain in the highly religious (B = 0.03, SE =0.01, t = 2.28, p = 0.02) compared to those who were not (B = 0.06, SE =0.01, t = 6.55, p < 0.0001). Likewise, effects of pain on PTSD symptoms appeared weaker in the highly religious (B = 0.67, SE =0.37, t = 1.80, p = 0.07) compared to others (B = 1.32, SE =0.25, t = 5.34, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: This study provides only minimal evidence that high religious involvement may buffer the effects of PTSD symptoms on pain and vice-versa.
Emma Carlsson ” ... economically , socially . And confidence and decision-making . Everything that we could not do before . ” A Minor Field Study on Fair Trade in India and Sri Lanka

Fair Trade is an international movement which aims to strengthen the livelihoods of producers in the South, and to give the opportunity for conscious customers in the North to buy socially and environmentally friendly products. The conventional trade system is criticised, as well as the efficiency of aid to support developing countries. The core idea of Fair Trade is therefore “Trade not Aid”, where marginalised producers are given the chance to improve their living conditions by fair wages, market access and improved working conditions. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the potential of Fair Trade to contribute to sustainable development and empowerment, which therefore also act as the theoretical frameworks for this thesis. Sustainable development is investigated by its division into economic, social and environmental sustainable development. Fair Trade is furthermore investigated through specific key elements connected to these theories, by performing interviews with managers and producers within five separate Fair Trade organisations in India and Sri Lanka. The main findings within this study reveal how Fair Trade does have the potential to contribute to sustainable development and empowerment to a certain degree. It is specifically prominent regarding social development and empowerment, while economic development occurs mainly on an individual level. The contribution to environmental development is also possible to detect, even though it remains clear how the initiative to do so might not always be fully related to environmental causes. ISBN _____________________________________________________ ISRN LIU-TEMA/MV-C—15/05--SE _________________________________________________________________ ISSN _________________________________________________________________ Serietitel och serienummer Title of series, numbering Handledare/Tutor Birgitta Rydhagen Nyckelord Fair Trade, Indien, Sri Lanka, empowerment, hållbar utveckling
Detecting temporal patterns of technical phrases by using importance indices in a research documents

In text mining processes, temporal text mining have attracted considerable attention as an one of the important issues for finding remarkable terms with temporal patterns in temporal set of documents. Although importance indices of the technical terms play a key role in finding valuable patterns from various documents, temporal changes of them are not explicitly treated by conventional methods. Since those methods depend on particular index in each method, they are not robust in changes of terms. In order to detect remarkable temporal trends of technical terms in given textual datasets robustly, we propose a method based on temporal changes in several importance indices by assuming the importance indices of the terms to be a dataset. Our empirical study shows that two representative importance indices are applied to the documents from a research area. After detecting the temporal trends, we compared the emergent trend of the technical phrases to some emergent phrases given by a domain expert.
Level Set Extraction from Gridded 2D and 3D Data

A standard isosurface extraction algorithm for a 3D image is the Marching Cubes algorithm [4]. The image is assumed to be defined on a regular lattice of size N0×N1×N2 with integer points (x, y, z) where 0 ≤ x < N0, 0 ≤ y < N1, and 0 ≤ z < N2. The image values themselves are F (x, y, z). An isosurface is of the form F (x, y, z) = c for some specified level value c where x, y, and z are treated as continuous variables. A voxel in the image is a rectangular solid whose corners are eight neighboring lattice points (x0, y0, z0), (x0 +1, y0, z0), (x0, y0+1, z0), (x0+1, y0+1, z0), (x0, y0, z0+1), (x0+1, y0, z0+1), (x0, y0+1, z0+1), and (x0+1, y0+1, z0+1). The Marching Cubes algorithm analyzes each voxel in the image and determines if the isosurface intersects it. If so, the algorithm produces a triangle mesh for the voxel that is intended to approximate that portion of the isosurface inside the voxel. By selecting a level value that cannot be an image value, for example by selecting a non–integer value when the image has only integer values, the voxel analysis requires determining the signs of G(x, y, z) = F (x, y, z) − c at the eight corners, each sign positive or negative. If two adjacent corners have opposite signs, and if the image values are assumed to be linear along the edge connecting the corners, the isosurface G(x, y, z) = 0 must intersect the edge in a single point somewhere along the edge. The complexity of the surface of intersection is related to the sign changes that occur on all the edges of the voxel.