Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep low‐frequency observations with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope: a search for relic radio emission

We present deep multifrequency observations using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at 153, 244, 610 and 1260 MHz of a field centred on J0916+6348, to search for evidence of fossil radio lobes which could be due to an earlier cycle of episodic activity of the parent galaxy, as well as haloes and relics in clusters of galaxies. We do not find any unambiguous evidence of episodic activity in a list of 374 sources, suggesting that such activity is rare even in relatively deep low-frequency observations. We examine the spectra of all the sources by combining our observations with those from the Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS), NRAO (National Radio Astronomy Observatories) VLA (Very Large Array) Sky Survey (NVSS) and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimeters Survey (FIRST). Considering only those which have measurements at a minimum of three different frequencies, we find that almost all sources are consistent with a straight spectrum with a median spectral index, α∼ 0.8 [S(ν) ∝ν−α], which appears steeper than theoretical expectations of the injection spectral index. We identify 14 very steep-spectrum sources with α≥ 1.3. We examine their optical fields and discuss the nature of some of these sources.
Association between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 -675 4G/5G Polymorphism and Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis

Background Several studies have evaluated the association between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) -675 4G/5G polymorphism and sepsis in different populations. However, the available results are conflicting. Methods A search of Pubmed and EMBASE databases was performed to identify relevant studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using a random-effects model. Results Twelve case-control studies and three cohort studies were included. Overall, a significant association between 4G/5G polymorphism and sepsis risk was observed for 4G/4G vs. 4G/5G +5G/5G (OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.08–1.56, P = 0.006). In addition, there was a significant association between PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and sepsis-related mortality (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.27–2.33, P = 0.0005). In subgroup analyses, increased sepsis risk and mortality risk were found in Caucasians and in patients with sepsis. Conclusions This meta-analysis suggested that the PAI-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism was a risk factor for sepsis and sepsis mortality.
Adaptive blind compensation of gain and timing mismatches in M-channel time-interleaved ADCs

Gain and timing mismatches among sub-converters limit the performance of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters (TIADCs). In this paper we present a blind adaptive method, based on the least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm, to compensate gain and timing mismatches in TIADCs. Similar to other methods in the literature, we assume a slightly oversampled input signal, but, contrary to them, we can apply our method to an arbitrary number of channels in a straightforward way. We give a detailed description of the compensation and the identification part of the method and demonstrate its effectiveness through numerical simulations.
Ant Colony-Based Multi-Path Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

The energy constraint sensor nodes operate on limited batteries, so the energy consumption is a key design criterion for the routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Comparing with single path routing algorithm, multi-path routing algorithm can balance the network energy distribution and extend the network lifetime better. In this paper, we propose an Ant Colony- Based Multi-path Routing Algorithm, which uses Ant Colony Algorithm(ACA) to discover disjoint multipaths between the source nodes and sink node. We also propose a load balancing scheme to distribute the traffic over multipaths discovered. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm achieves a higher node energy efficiency and longer network lifetime than that of the previous multipath routing algorithm.
Chapter 1 MEASURES OF ANONYMITY

In this chapter, we survey the various approaches that have been proposed to measure privacy (and the loss of privacy). Since most privacy concerns (especially those related to health-care information[44]) are raised in the context of legal concerns, it is instructive to view privacy from a legal perspective, rather than from purely technical considerations. It is beyond the scope of this survey1 to review the legal interpretations of privacy[11]. However, one essay on privacy that appears directly relevant (and has inspired at least one paper surveyed here) is the view of privacy in terms of access that others have to us and our information, presented by Ruth Gavison[23]. In her view, a general definition of privacy must be one that is measurable, of value, and actionable. The first property needs no explanation; the second means that the entity being considered private must be valuable, and the third property argues that from a legal perspective, only those losses of privacy are interesting that can be prosecuted. This survey, and much of the research on privacy, concerns itself with the measuring of privacy. The second property is implicit in most discussion of measures of privacy: authors propose basic data items that are valuable and must be protected (fields in a record, background knowledge about a distribution, and so on). The third aspect of privacy is of a legal nature and is not directly relevant to our discussion here.
Mutations in the FIE and MEA Genes That Encode Interacting Polycomb Proteins Cause Parent-of-Origin Effects on Seed Development by Distinct Mechanisms

In flowering plants, two cells are fertilized in the haploid female gametophyte. Egg and sperm nuclei fuse to form the embryo. A second sperm nucleus fuses with the central cell nucleus, which replicates to generate the endosperm, a tissue that supports embryo development. The FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM (FIE) and MEDEA (MEA) genes encode WD and SET domain polycomb proteins, respectively. In the absence of fertilization, a female gametophyte with a loss-of-function fie or mea allele initiates endosperm development without fertilization. fie and mea mutations also cause parent-of-origin effects, in which the wild-type maternal allele is essential and the paternal allele is dispensable for seed viability. Here, we show that FIE and MEA polycomb proteins interact physically, suggesting that the molecular partnership of WD and SET domain polycomb proteins has been conserved during the evolution of flowering plants. The overlapping expression patterns of FIE and MEA are consistent with their suppression of gene transcription and endosperm development in the central cell as well as their control of seed development after fertilization. Although FIE and MEA interact, differences in maternal versus paternal patterns of expression, as well as the effect of a recessive mutation in the DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION1 (DDM1) gene on mutant allele transmission, indicate that fie and mea mutations cause parent-of-origin effects on seed development by distinct mechanisms.
Assessing vitamin status in large population surveys by measuring biomarkers and dietary intake – two case studies: folate and vitamin D

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) provides the most comprehensive assessment of the health and nutrition status of the US population. Up-to-date reference intervals on biomarkers and dietary intake inform the scientific and public health policy communities on current status and trends over time. The main purpose of dietary assessment methods such as the food-frequency questionnaire, food record (or diary), and 24-hr dietary recall is to estimate intake of nutrients and, together with supplement usage information, describe total intake of various foods or nutrients. As with all self-reporting methods, these tools are challenging to use and interpret. Yet, they are needed to establish dietary reference intake recommendations and to evaluate what proportion of the population meets these recommendations. While biomarkers are generally expensive and, to some degree, invasive, there is no question as to their ability to assess nutrition status. In some cases biomarkers can also be used to assess intake or function, although rarely can one biomarker fulfill all these purposes. For example, serum folate is a good indicator of folate intake, red blood cell (RBC) folate is a good status indicator, and plasma total homocysteine is a good functional indicator of one-carbon metabolism. Using folate and vitamin D – two vitamins that are currently hotly debated in the public health arena – as two case studies, we discuss the complexities of using biomarkers and total intake information to assess nutrition status. These two examples also show how biomarkers and intake provide different information and how both are needed to evaluate and set public health policy. We also provide guidance on general requirements for using nutrition biomarkers and food and supplement intake information in longitudinal, population-based surveys.
A Semantic Method for Textual Entailment

The problem of recognizing textual entailment (RTE) has been recently addressed using syntactic and lexical models with some success. Here, we further explore this problem, this time using the world knowledge captured in large semantic graphs such as WordNet. We show that semantic graphs made of synsets and selected relationships between them enable fairly simple methods that provide very competitive performance. First, assuming a solution to word sense disambiguation, we report on the performance of these methods in the four basic areas of information retrieval (IR), information extraction (IE), question answering (QA), and multi-document summarization (SUM), as described using benchmark datasets designed to test the entailment problem in the 2006 RTE (Recognizing Textual Entailment) challenge. We then show how the same methods yield a solution to word sense disambiguation, which combined with the previous solution yields a fully automated solution with about the same performance.
IEEE 802.11-based one-hop broadcast communications: understanding transmission success and failure under different radio propagation environments

In wireless one-hop broadcast communications, each node broadcasts messages to inform all neighbors within an intended communication range. Clearly, the packet transmission of the various nodes might interfere with each other due to the overlapping communication ranges. IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) provides some basic mechanisms for coordination of these transmissions. However, due to its distributed nature, DCF suffers from coordination failures, e.g., due to the very well-known hidden terminal problem. When considering realistic radio propagation phenomena to various degrees, these 'incoordination problems' can drastically increase. On the other hand, transceivers with packet capturing capability might be able to deal with some of the uncoordinated packets. In order to understand the effects of different radio propagation environments on packet level incoordination, we provide a detailed simulation study measuring six transmission success/failure categories and five performance metrics. We report quantitative results w.r. t. probability of incoordination and the effects of power-setting and packet retransmission strategies.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation Enhancement in Myocardial Infarction Rat Model under Ultrasound Combined with Nitric Oxide Microbubbles

Objective This study evaluated the effects of ultrasound combined with the homemade nitric oxide (NO) micro-bubble destruction on the in vitro proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Furthermore, we studied whether or not irradiation of the NO micro-bubble combined with bone-marrow derived MSC infusion had a better effect on treating myocardial infarction. The possible mechanism of MSC delivery into the infarcted myocardium was also investigated. Methods The murine bone marrow-derived MSCs were isolated, cultured, irradiated, and combined with different concentrations of NO microbubbles. MTT proliferation assay, annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection, migration assay, and RT-PCR were performed 24 h after the irradiation. The NO micro-bubbles was a intravenously injected, followed by the infusion of MSCs, which were labeled by CM-Dil. Myocardium was harvested 48 h later and the distribution of MSCs was observed by laser scanning confocal microscope after frozen sectioning. Echocardiography, histological examination, RT-PCR, and western blotting were performed four weeks after the cell transplantation. Results Ultrasound combined with 1:70 NO micro-bubbles had no significant impact on the proliferation or apoptosis of MSCs. Transwell chamber findings demonstrated that MSCs migrated more efficiently in group that underwent ultrasound combined with 1:70 NO micro-bubbles. The Real-time PCR results indicated that the expression of CXCR4 was much higher in the group undergoing ultrasound combined with 1:70 NO micro-bubbles. The normalized fluorescence intensity greatly increased in the group of US+NO micro-bubbles and the cardiac function was also markedly improved. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the capillary density was much greater in the group of US+NO micro-bubbles as compared to that of the other groups. RT-PCR and western blotting also revealed a higher SDF-1 and VEGF expression in the group of US+NO micro-bubbles. Conclusions NO micro-bubbles could be used in the cell transplantation, which efficiently promoted the MSC homing into the infarcted myocardium.
Psychosocial interventions in a medium secure unit for people with learning disabilities: A service development

Psychosocial Interventions (PSI), a whole systems approach, is an integral part of the agenda for modernising mental health services. It is advocated as an effective approach for services in promoting the recovery of people with schizophrenia and other psychoses. The literature relevant to the approach is reviewed. However there is a dearth of literature with regard to PSI in mental health services for people with learning disabilities. This absence is particularly marked in secure settings where there is no established evidence based model of care. This paper describes the implementation of PSI in such a setting, including the central tenets of individual and group therapy, family intervention and formulation based care planning. This is supported by group supervision, staff training and the explicit support of the centre’s clinical management team. The implementation is still in progress. The evaluation strategy is also described.
Critical Management as Critique of Management

The task of this introduction to “critical management” is twofold. First, it presents a short overview of what management actually is, outlining four different perspectives on management, while the second part delivers a critical-analytical overview of recent articles published on critical management in the journal Critical Sociology between 1989 and today. The first part starts by highlighting the difference between management and “critical” management. In doing so, it also distinguishes between four perspectives on management (see Table 1). Before getting into the details of these four perspectives on management the question “what is management? ” (Magretta, 2012) should briefly be addressed. Ever since Fayol’s (1841–1925) six functions of management – planning, organising, staffing, directing, coordinating, and controlling – and even more so since Frederick Winslow Taylor’s (1856–1915) short book on “scientific management”, they and their entourage of affirmative writers (e.g. Ford, Ackoff, Drucker, Chandler, Porter, Jack Walsh, Peters, Kotter, Hamel, Handy, Herzberg, Kanter, Mayo, Mintzberg, Weick, etc.) have sought to give management the appearance of being mathematical, logical, engineeringlike, rational, and even scientific. It has been Taylor’s (1911) The Principles of Scientific Management that more or less singlehandedly invented management while giving it the appearance of being scientific. Taylor did this by introducing two forms of division of labour inside companies: the first is his classical (horizontal) division of work into minute work tasks. Perhaps even more important has been Taylor’s second (vertical) division because it destroyed the craft knowledge of workers about how to make things, placing this knowledge firmly into the hands of those who now organise and manage the manufacturing process: management. Through that, management gained widespread acceptance and ideological legitimacy. But Taylor’s so-called “scientific management” reads – at least in parts – like an ideology. Especially when he writes that a worker is
An Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme with Mobile Sink for Heterogeneous Multi-level Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper an Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme with Mobile Sink (EECSMS) for Heterogeneous Multilevel Wireless Sensor Networks is proposed. In EECSMS, the cluster-heads (CHs) are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and the average energy of the network, the sink or base station (BS) moves towards each CH by a distance proportional to that CH’s probability. Furthermore, normal nodes select the optimal cluster-head based on the cost function. Finally, Simulation using MATLAB software shows that our proposed protocol achieves longer lifetime, stability period and more effective messages to BS than LEACH[1], DEEC[2], EDCS[3] in multi-level heterogeneous environments. Keywords— wireless sensor networks(WSNs); BS movement; cost function, lifetime; multi-level heterogeneous environments.
A Lightweight and Effective Jamming Detection in Electronic Shelf Label Systems

Modern retailers use electronic shelf label (ESL) systems to display and automatically update price information in supermarkets, thus, reducing manual labor and maintenance expenses. ESL systems usually consist of thousands of devices periodically communicating via radio channel in 2.4 GHz ISM band. Since ESLs are deployed in open environment, they are susceptible to many attacks that threaten to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) operation. The paper is devoted to the analysis of different jamming strategies, threatening to ESL system environment, and proposes fast, reliable and lightweight jamming detection method, suitable for the ESL systems. The suggested technique does not use additional hardware or require extra communication costs; its computational requirements are negligible. Its performance was evaluated by extensive simulations in Castalia-1.3 simulator.
Apical polarity of Na,K-ATPase in retinal pigment epithelium is linked to a reversal of the ankyrin-fodrin submembrane cytoskeleton

In striking contrast to most other transporting epithelia (e.g., urinary or digestive systems), where Na,K-ATPase is expressed basolaterally, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells display Na,K- ATPase pumps on the apical membrane. We report here studies aimed to identify the mechanisms underlying this polarity "reversal" of the RPE Na,K-ATPase. By immunofluorescence on thin frozen sections, both alpha and beta subunits were localized on the apical surface of both freshly isolated rat RPE monolayers and RPE monolayers grown in culture. The polarity of the RPE cell is not completely reversed, however, since aminopeptidase, an apically located protein in kidney epithelia, was also found on the apical surface of RPE cells. We used subunit- and isoform-specific cDNA probes to determine that RPE Na,K-ATPase has the same isoform (alpha 1) as the one found in kidney. Ankyrin and fodrin, proteins of the basolateral membrane cytoskeleton of kidney epithelial cells known to be associated with the Na,K-ATPase (Nelson, W. J., and R. W. Hammerton. 1989. J. Cell Biol. 110:349-357) also displayed a reversed apical localization in RPE and were intimately associated to Na,K-ATPase, as revealed by cross-linking experiments. These results indicate that an entire membrane-cytoskeleton complex is assembled with opposite polarity in RPE cells. We discuss our observations in the context of current knowledge on protein sorting mechanisms in epithelial cells.
A Survey of VANET ’ s Authentication

Vehicular Ad hoc networks ( ) must overcome a myriad of security issues to realize their potential. VANETs are latest research area in network field. are deployed in un-trusted and unsecured environments. Consequently, authentication i s a fo rerunner to a ny secur e interactions in these networks. In this paper, survey of VANETs Authentication is d i s c u s s e d . Different discussed. This work provides the basis to understand the authentication in and to design new more efficient and cost-effective machenism for authentication in .
Word of Mouth: What We Know and What We Have Yet to Learn

One of the key consequences of customer satisfaction is word of mouth communication (WOM). WOM is a concept that has attracted sustained research attention. To confirm what we already know about this important construct, this article reviews and synthesizes 60 years of WOM literature and develops a parsimonious model of WOM’s most important antecedents and consequences, and outlines some approaches to its management. The authors identify three key antecedents of WOM and a large number of affective, cognitive, and behavioral consequences are also identified, illustrating WOM’s farreaching effects. Three generic approaches to utilizing WOM are identified and illustrated. Lastly, 14 research questions pertaining to WOM’s antecedents, its consequences, and its management are outlined to guide future research with the aim of developing a better understanding of this important construct
Immunomodulation of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis with Ordered Peptides Based on MHC-TCR Binding Motifs1

T cell-mediated destruction of the myelin sheath causes inflammatory damage of the CNS in multiple sclerosis (MS). The major T and B cell responses in MS patients who are HLA-DR2 (about two-thirds of MS patients) react to a region between residues 84 and 103 of myelin basic protein (1 ). The crystal structure of HLA-DR2 complexed with myelin basic protein84–102 confirmed that Lys91 is the major TCR contact site, whereas Phe90 is a major anchor to MHC and binds the hydrophobic P4 pocket (2 ). We have tested peptides containing repetitive 4-aa sequences designed to bind critical MHC pockets and to interfere with T cell activation. One such sequence, EYYKEYYKEYYK, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats, an animal model of MS.
OBJECT-ORIENTED : AN ARCHITECTURE FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

The paper studies the object-oriented approach as an architecture for financial reporting. The “old” problem of creating an information system, which is the best adapted to a specific company, with minimum development expenses, continues to exist. Object-oriented analysis and design (hereafter O-O) are methods of constructing information systems (hereafter I-S). The basic concept of O-O supports the creation of software which is both adaptable to change and economically feasible. The results of this construction also reduce the risk of developing complex software. With reference to the Portuguese experience, the tendency is towards a basic structure whose results are applicable to financial reporting by any company. The systems analyst should observe and understand the general domain, as well as listen to the specialists and directors of the company, among others. The analyst filters that domain through the understanding of aspects related to the implications of the system and, further, builds a model or prototype for the processing of financial reporting information. However, O-O architecture requires a major shift in thinking by all the people involved. JEL Classification: G30-Corporate Finance General; C61-Programming Models, M40-Accounting General.