Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Optimal Table Layout

Tables are one of the most powerful and useful design elements in current web document standards such as (X)HTML, CSS and XSL. Importantly, designers do not need to precisely specify the width of the table columns, instead the designer may allow these to adapt to the viewing context while still preserving the general design intended by the document author. Unfortunately, however, the adaptive layout provided by tables is still not powerful enough. We present a new approach to table layout that extends the current standard by allowing the designer to specify arbitrary linear equality and inequality constraints over the column widths and row heights. These may be strict (required) or preferred with weights indicating their relative importance. We also allow cells to be non-rectangular regions and we allow text to flow between arbitrary cells. We view table layout as a constrained optimisation problem. In addition to the designer’s constraints there are implicit constraints reflecting the structure of the table and a constraint that each cell must be large enough to contain its content. Accurately and efficiently handling this containment constraint is the main source of difficulty. We present and evaluate two possible approaches, both of which are based on quadratic programming techniques.
Thread Migration to Improve Synchronization Performance

A number of prior research efforts have investigated thread scheduling mechanisms to enable better reuse of data in a processor’s cache. We propose to exploit the locality of the critical section data by enforcing an affinity between locks and the processor that has cached the execution state of the critical section protected by that lock. We investigate the idea of migrating threads to the “lock hot” processor, enabling the threads to reuse the critical section data from the processor’s cache and release the lock faster for other threads. We argue that this mechanism should improve the scalability of performance for highly multithreaded scientific applications. We test our hypothesis on a 4-way Itanium2 SMP running the 2.6. 9 Linux kernel. We modified the Linux 2.6 kernel’s O(1) scheduler using information from the Futex (Fast User-space muTEX) mechanism in order to implement our policy. Using synthetic micro-benchmarks, we show 10-90% performance improvement in cpu cycles, L2 miss ratios and bus requests for applications that operate on significant amounts of data inside the critical section protected by locks. We also evaluate our policy for the SPLASH2 application suite.
The clinical relevance of duodenal intraepithelial lymphocyte counts in children treated for coeliac disease

1.Laboratory Medicine Östergötland, Department of Pathology, Norrköping Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden 2.Department of Paediatrics, Norrköping Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden 3.Division of Paediatrics, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden 4.Department of Research and Development in Local Health Care, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden 5.Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
Prenatal stress alters spine density and dendritic length of nucleus accumbens and hippocampus neurons in rat offspring

Prenatal stress alters neuronal morphology of mesocorticolimbic structures such as frontal cortex and hippocampus in the adult offspring. We investigated here the effects of prenatal stress on the spine density and the dendrite morphology of hippocampal pyramidal neurons and medium spiny cells from nucleus accumbens in prepubertal and adult male offsprings. Sprague‐Dawley pregnant dams were stressed by restraining movement daily for 2 hours from gestational day 11 until delivery. Control mothers remained free in their home cage without water and food during the stressful event. Male offsprings from immobilized and control rats were left to grow until postnatal day (PD) 35 for the prepubertal group, and until PD 65 for the adult group. Spontaneous locomotor activity was assessed and then brains were removed to study the dendritic morphology by the Golgi‐Cox stain method followed by Sholl analysis. Prenatally stressed animals demonstrated increased locomotion and alterations in spine density in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens at both ages. However, prepubertal males showed an increase in spine density in the CA1 hippocampus with a decrease in CA3 hippocampus, whereas the adult group showed a decrease in the spine density in both of the regions studied. These results suggest that prenatal stress carried out during the middle of pregnancy affect the spine density and basal dendrites of pyramidal neurons of hippocampus, as well as the dendritic morphology of nucleus accumbens which may reflect important changes in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic transmission and behaviors associated with the development of psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia. Synapse 63:794–804, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Improved Algorithm to Produce Spatio-Temporally Continuous MODIS Albedo Product in China

Surface albedo is one of the key radiation parameters required for modeling of the Earth's energy budget, and many ecological and climate models usually require high quality consistent surface albedo as inputs and validation sources. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) has been providing surface albedo products periodically. However, due to influence of weather, sensors and algorithms, MODIS albedo products often have many gaps and low quality pixels. This paper proposed an improved spatio-temporal smoothing algorithm utilizing multilevel procedure that combines spatial interpolation and tempora smoothing to get better albedo products based on multiyear observations and high quality neighboring pixels. Compared with field measurements, the improved albedo products in China based on MOD43B3 show better correlation with the measured surface albedo with the overall root mean squared errors around 0.0767. The generated albedo products may be applied in land surface models.
Pioneers in European Ethnobiology

My one criticism is that no distinction is drawn between ethnobiology and just listing plant and animal names. There is a difference. Ethnobiology involves learning traditional and folk sciences as systems, with their own logic, order, representation systems, taxonomies, taxonomic principles, and theories. Most of the pre-1950 scholars in this book, and some of the post-1950 ones, merely listed local plant and animal names with dictionary equivalents in learned languages. That can be a fine and valuable thing to do, but it isn’t ethnobiology. There were some stunning exceptions. The most amazing is Bernardino de Sahagún, who in Mexico in the 16th century, with a team of Aztec/Mexica students, created modern ethnology (including ethnobiology) pretty much from scratch. Steller did a pretty fair job too; he understood. Many early 20th century scholars were transitional, and then with leaders like Gunda and Mäger we have full-blown ethnobiology. This is a distinction worth making, and discussing, if only because it is thought-provoking that people like Sahagún (and, to go back even earlier, Theophrastus and Dioscorides) could independently come up with a pretty good idea of what in future became a whole science in itself. I am unable to tell from the book’s discussions of people I don’t know about—the Polish and early Italian writers, for instance—if they were My friends and collaborators on our Ethnobiology textbook, Ingvar Svanberg and Łukasz Łuczaj, sent me this wonderful book, and I hereby alert ethnobiologists to its value and importance. It introduces us to a wonderful but often neglected world of ethnobiologists and precursors thereof. Chapters cover Spain, Russia (several on early explorers), Slovakia, Hungary, Estonia (two chapters! ), Italy, and other areas, with a chapter on early women ethnobiologists of the world (not just Europe). How many of us knew there were first-rate ethnobiologists in Estonia? The chapter on women is particularly interesting in showing how many early and excellent researchers were female, in spite of the facile stereotype that early ethnography was a white male preserve. Sadly, the champions of women’s position have often had just as much vested interest in maintaining this myth as the champions of male privilege. To maintain an exaggerated story of discrimination, the very real presence of women has been written out of the record. (Just to add a tidbit to that record, one of the women mentioned, Matilda Coxe Stephenson, co-founded the Women’s Anthropological Society of America, in 1885.)
Automatic lighthouse generation for directed state space search

Previous researchers have suggested the use of "lighthouses" to act as guides in directed state space search. The drawback of using lighthouses is that the user has to manually, derive them, through a potentially laborious examination of the design. Additionally specifying a large number of lighthouses results in wasted effort during the search. We present approaches to automatically generate high-quality lighthouses for hard-to-cover targets.
The Demographics of Innovation and Asset Returns

We study asset-pricing implications of innovation in a general-equilibrium overlapping-generations economy. Innovation increases the competitive pressure on existing firms and workers, reducing the profits of existing firms and eroding the human capital of older workers. Due to the lack of inter-generational risk sharing, innovation creates a systematic risk factor, which we call "displacement risk. '' This risk helps explain several empirical patterns, including the existence of the growth-value factor in returns, the value premium, and the high equity premium. We assess the magnitude of displacement risk using estimates of inter-cohort consumption differences across households and find support for the model.
Tacrolimus and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors: An interaction study in CYP3A5 non-expressors, renal transplant recipients

Objectives: Atherosclerosis is a significant factor affecting long-term outcome in renal transplant recipients. Studies have been conducted to determine the pharmacogenomic pathways involved in statin efficacy, efficiency, and adverse effect likelihood. However, little is known about the influence of statins on tacrolimus kinetics. The aim of this study was to investigate possible pharmacological interactions between tacrolimus and statins in CYP3A5 non-expressors, renal transplant recipients. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients, treated with tacrolimus (n=24), methylprednisolone (n=24), and mycophenolate mofetil (n=19)/azathioprine (n=1)/everolimus (n=4), participated in the study. After an observation time of 112±36 days, statins, namely, atorvastatin (n=12), simvastatin (n=8), pravastatin (n=2), or fluvastatin (n=2), were administered for additional 101±34 days. DNA was extracted from whole blood sample and polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used for CYP3A5 genotyping. Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to test the significance of difference in variables that passed or did not pass Kolmogorov's normality test, respectively. Results: No statistically significant difference was observed in tacrolimus daily dose, concentration, concentration/dose ratio, and volume of distribution before and during the administration of statins. Statistically significant decrease in serum cholesterol was observed after initiation of statins. Renal and hepatic function remained unchanged and no skeletal muscle abnormalities were reported. Conclusions: The results of this study show that tacrolimus and statins do not interact in terms of efficacy, efficiency, and adverse effect likelihood. No significant clinical interaction or effect was observed, even with the use of atorvastatin or simvastatin, which are metabolized by CYP3A4 such as tacrolimus.
individual Differences in infancy : Reliability, Stability, and Prediction

Contents: Part I:Individual Differences in Infancy: Overviews. F.D. Horowitz, Developmental Models of Individual Differences, E. Thelen, Dynamical Systems and the Generation of Individual Differences. L.A. Thompson, Genetic Contributions to Early Individual Differences. J.A. Green, Analyzing Individual Differences in Development: Correlations and Cluster Analysis. Part IIIndividual Differences in Neurobehavioral Development. E.B. Thoman, M.P. Whitney, Behavioral States in Infants: Individual Differences and Individual Analyses. J. Worobey, Behavioral Assessment of the Neonate. Part III:Information Processing and Output. J.W. Fagen, P.S. Ohr, Individual Differences in Infant Conditioning and Memory. J. Colombo, D.W. Mitchell, Individual Differences in Early Visual Attention: Fixation Time and Information Processing. S.A. Rose, J.F. Feldman, Infant Cognition: Individual Differences and Developmental Continuities. H.A. Ruff, Individual Differences in Sustained Attention During Infancy. B.A. Morrongiello, The Study of Individual Differences in Infants: Auditory Processing Measures. L.P. Acredolo, Individual Differences in Infant Spatial Cognition. A. Fogel, The Process of Developmental Change in Infant Communicative Action: Using Dynamic Systems Theory to Study Individual Ontogenies. D. Thal, E. Bates, Continuity and Variation in Early Language Development. Part IV:Temperament and Socioemotional Development. M.R. Gunnar, The Psychobiology of Infant Temperament. M.K. Rothbart, J.A. Mauro, Questionnaire Approaches to the Study of Infant Temperament. R. Plomin, J. Campos, R. Corley, R.N. Emde, D.W. Fulker, J. Kagan, J.S. Reznick, J. Robinson, C. Zahn-Waxler, J.C. DeFries, Individual Differences During the Second Year of Life: The MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study.
Does the hippocampus keep track of time?

In the present study, we examined the role of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in prospective time estimation at short and long timescales using a novel behavioral paradigm adapted from rodent work. Amnesic patients with MTL damage and healthy control participants estimated the duration of nature‐based video clips that were either short (≤90 s) or long (more than 4 min). Consistent with previous work in rodents, we found that amnesic patients were impaired at making estimations for long, but not for short durations. Critically, these effects were observed in patients who had lesions circumscribed to the hippocampus, suggesting that the pattern observed was not attributable to the involvement of extra‐hippocampal structures. That the MTL, and more specifically the hippocampus, is critical for prospective temporal estimation only at long intervals suggests that multiple neurobiological mechanisms support prospective time estimation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The scope of social psychology : theory and applications : essays in honour of Wolfgang Stroebe

Introduction. K. van den Bos, M. Hewstone, M.S. Stroebe, H.A. W. Schut, J.B. F. de Wit, On the Scope of Social Psychology: An Introduction. Section 1: Attitudes and attitude change. R.Eiser, Positive accentuation: Or why a good product still needs an advertisement. K. Jonas, Attitudinal Ambivalence. I. Ajzen, T. Manstead, Changing Health-Related Behaviors: An Approach Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. A. Eagly, In Defense of Ourselves: The Effects of Defensive Processing on Attitudinal Phenomena. Section 2: Social cognition and emotion. D. Hamilton, M. Hewstone, Conceptualizing Group Perception: A 35-Year Evolution. A. Kruglanski, G. Semin, The Epistemic Bases of Interpersonal Communication. F. Strack, N. Schwarz, Thinking About Your life: Healthy Lessons From Social Cognition. Section 3: Interpersonal and group processes. C. Insko, Situational Variance in Intergroup Conflict: Matrix Correlations, Matrix Interactions, and Social Support. B. Nijstad, J. Levine, Group Creativity and the Stages of Creative Problem Solving. K. Stroebe, R. Spears, H. Lodewijkx, Contrasting and Integrating Social Identity and Interdependence Approaches to Intergroup Discrimination in the Minimal Group Paradigm. Section 4: Health behavior (change). S. Folkman, J. Moskowitz, Positive Affect and Meaning-Focused Coping during Significant Psychological Stress. J.B. F. de Wit, E. Das, N. de Hoog, Self-Regulation of Health Communications: A Motivated Processing Approach to Risk Perception and Persuasion. A.B. Bakker, W.B. Schaufeli, E. Demerouti, M.C. Euwema, An Organizational and Social Psychological Perspective on Burnout and Work Engagement. Section 5: Bereavement and coping. R. Weiss, Reflections on Extended Bowlby Theory. E. Zech, B. Rime, J. Pennebaker, The Effects of Emotional Disclosure During Bereavement. G. Abakoumkin, K. Gergen, M. Gergen, R. Hansson, H.A. W. Schut, M.S. Stroebe, A Scientist's Role in Bereavement Research: The Case of Wolfgang Stroebe. Section 6: Psychology in context. K. Opp, Social Psychology is not Enough: The "Interdisciplinary Social Science Working Group". Epilogue. L. Strickland, J. Rabbie, R. van der Vegt, L. Hoekert, Impressions of Wolfgang Stroebe.
Src Kinase-mediated Phosphorylation Stabilizes Inducible Nitric-oxide Synthase in Normal Cells and Cancer Cells*

Src kinases are key regulators of cellular proliferation, survival, motility, and invasiveness. They play important roles in the regulation of inflammation and cancer. Overexpression or hyperactivity of c-Src has been implicated in the development of various types of cancer, including lung cancer. Src inhibition is currently being investigated as a potential therapy for non-small cell lung cancer in Phase I and II clinical trials. The mechanisms of Src implication in cancer and inflammation are linked to the ability of activated Src to phosphorylate multiple downstream targets that mediate its cellular effector functions. In this study, we reveal that inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme also implicated in cancer and inflammation, is a downstream mediator of activated Src. We elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the association between Src and iNOS in models of inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide and/or cytokines and in cancer cells and tissues. We identify human iNOS residue Tyr1055 as a target for Src-mediated phosphorylation. These results are shown in normal cells and cancer cells as well as in vivo in mice. Importantly, such posttranslational modification serves to stabilize iNOS half-life. The data also demonstrate interactions and co-localization of iNOS and activated Src under inflammatory conditions and in cancer cells. This study demonstrates that phosphorylation of iNOS by Src plays an important role in the regulation of iNOS and nitric oxide production and hence could account for some Src-related roles in inflammation and cancer.
Health‐related quality of life (SF‐36) during telemonitoring of home blood pressure in hypertensive patients: A randomized, controlled study

Telemonitoring of home blood pressure (BP) is a new advance in home BP monitoring (HBPM) and has proved effective in improving BP control. The impact of telemedical HBPM on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) has not yet been studied. The purpose of this study is to compare HRQOL using a generic scale (SF‐36) in patients with antihypertensive treatment based on telemedical HBPM and in patients with antihypertensive treatment based on conventional monitoring of office BP. Hypertensive patients (n = 223) recruited by general practitioners participated in the study. In the intervention group, antihypertensive treatment was based on telemedical HBPM. In the control group, patients (n = 118) received usual care with office visits to monitor BP. After 6 months, participants filled out SF‐36 questionnaires. Patients in the telemonitoring group (T) had higher mean scores in the bodily pain domain than patients in the control group (C), indicating less pain and interference with activities among telemonitored patients [T: 85.3(20.2), C: 78.3(26.4), p = 0.026)]. Patients were more likely to feel their general health had worsened during the last year if antihypertensive treatment was based on conventional office measurements. In the bodily pain domain and health transition scale, scores were slightly better among telemonitored patients compared with control patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00282334.
Virtual Reality Telerehabilitation for Postural Instability in Parkinson's Disease: A Multicenter, Single-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Introduction Telerehabilitation enables patients to access remote rehabilitation services for patient-physiotherapist videoconferencing in their own homes. Home-based virtual reality (VR) balance training has been shown to reduce postural instability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The primary aim was to compare improvements in postural stability after remotely supervised in-home VR balance training and in-clinic sensory integration balance training (SIBT). Methods In this multicenter study, 76 PD patients (modified Hoehn and Yahr stages 2.5–3) were randomly assigned to receive either in-home VR telerehabilitation (n = 38) or in-clinic SIBT (n = 38) in 21 sessions of 50 minutes each, 3 days/week for 7 consecutive weeks. VR telerehabilitation consisted of graded exergames using the Nintendo Wii Fit system; SIBT included exercises to improve postural stability. Patients were evaluated before treatment, after treatment, and at 1-month follow-up. Results Analysis revealed significant between-group differences in improvement on the Berg Balance Scale for the VR telerehabilitation group (p = 0.04) and significant Time × Group interactions in the Dynamic Gait Index (p = 0.04) for the in-clinic group. Both groups showed differences in all outcome measures over time, except for fall frequency. Cost comparison yielded between-group differences in treatment and equipment costs. Conclusions VR is a feasible alternative to in-clinic SIBT for reducing postural instability in PD patients having a caregiver.
Marathi Isolated Word Recognition System using MFCC and DTW Features

This paper presents a Marathi database and isolated Word recognition system based on Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), and Distance Time Warping (DTW) as features. For the extraction of the feature, Marathi speech database has been designed by using the Computerized Speech Lab. The database consists of the Marathi vowels, isolated words starting with each vowels and simple Marathi sentences. Each word has been repeated three times by the 35 speakers. This paper presents the comparative recognition accuracy of DTW and MFCC.
Semi-Fragile Watermarking Scheme based on Feature in DWT Domain

In DWT domain, A novel semi-fragile watermarking is the scheme for the purpose of authenticating the image and also tamper localization. In this scheme, to generate the watermark, we extract the content-based image features in the wavelet domain in particular from the approximation subband. Later, we embed the watermark into the middle subband. Then, the main goals of this scheme i.e., image authentication and tamper localization are achieved by comparing the matrices of extracted content based image with the extracted watermark. It is proven that this proposed scheme is very robust for common content preserving image processing like noise-adding and lossy JPEG compression through experimental results. The impact of this scheme to malicious tamper in images is fragile. The proposed scheme is very accurate in detecting the tamper location.