Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From Programming to Modeling - and Back Again

The authors describe an issue that they think is extremely important: the relationship between applications and solutions in the software engineering and information systems fields. In particular, they believe the fields desperately need a taxonomy of application domains, a taxonomy of solution approaches, and a mapping between the two. This article has a Web extra that offers an interview with one of the article's authors, Robert L. Glass, about the "dark side" of this topic.
A brief review of explanation in the Semantic Web

Semantic Web applications use interconnected distributed data and inferential capabilities to compute their results. The users of Semantic Web applications might find it difficult to understand how a result is produced or how a new piece of information is derived in the process. Explanation enables users to understand the process of obtaining results. Explanation adds transparency to the process of obtaining results and enables user trust in the process. The concept of providing explanation was first introduced in expert systems and later studied in different application areas. This paper provides a brief review of existing research on explanation in the Semantic Web.
Chromatin organization and transcriptional activation of Hox genes

Spatially and temporally programmed expression of the Hox genes along the antero-posterior (A-P) axis is essential for correct pattern formation during embryonic development. An accumulating body of evidence indicates the pivotal role of spatial chromatin organization for the coordination of gene regulation. Recently, chromosome conformation capture (3C) technique has been developed and opened a new way to study chromosomal interactions in the nucleus. In this study, we describe 3C method we applied in F9 embryonic teratocarcinoma cells and demonstrate that the chromosomal interactions at Hox loci are successfully detected. Interestingly, at Hoxc loci, the abundance of intrachromosomal interactions with neighboring fragments was drastically decreased when the genes are expressed. These results indicate the possibility of the dynamic pattern of chromosomal interaction in association with the transcriptional regulation of Hox genes.
Development for Prae-wa silk knowledge base using ontology

Prae-wa silk is a Thai traditional hand-woven fabric created with unique handsome texture and remarkable beauty, both fascinating and alluring. This paper, thus, initially creates the ontology as a knowledge-base for Prae-wa silk. SPARQL query language is deployed. Precision, Recall, and F-measure are set as a measurement for search performance. The results show that the retrieval of information is accurately relevant to the query. However, the performance of searching is influenced by the design of ontology and the query language. This proposed knowledgebase can further be developed as a search engine or web semantic which will beneficially initiate the communication of practice and people who are interested in Prae-wa silk.
Where to Focus: Query Adaptive Matching for Instance Retrieval Using Convolutional Feature Maps

Instance retrieval requires one to search for images that contain a particular object within a large corpus. Recent studies show that using image features generated by pooling convolutional layer feature maps (CFMs) of a pretrained convolutional neural network (CNN) leads to promising performance for this task. However, due to the global pooling strategy adopted in those works, the generated image feature is less robust to image clutter and tends to be contaminated by the irrelevant image patterns. In this article, we alleviate this drawback by proposing a novel reranking algorithm using CFMs to refine the retrieval result obtained by existing methods. Our key idea, called query adaptive matching (QAM), is to first represent the CFMs of each image by a set of base regions which can be freely combined into larger regions-of-interest. Then the similarity between the query and a candidate image is measured by the best similarity score that can be attained by comparing the query feature and the feature pooled from a combined region. We show that the above procedure can be cast as an optimization problem and it can be solved efficiently with an off-the-shelf solver. Besides this general framework, we also propose two practical ways to create the base regions. One is based on the property of the CFM and the other one is based on a multi-scale spatial pyramid scheme. Through extensive experiments, we show that our reranking approaches bring substantial performance improvement and by applying them we can outperform the state of the art on several instance retrieval benchmarks.
Processing Incomplete Query Specifications in a Context-Dependent Reasoning Framework

Search is the most prominent web service, which is about to change dramatically with the transition to the Semantic Web. Semantic Web applications are expected to deal with complex conjunctive queries, and not always such queries can be completely and precisely defined. Current Semantic Web reasoners built upon Description Logics have limited processing power in such environments. We discuss some of their limitations, and show how an alternative logical framework utilizing context-dependent rules can be extended to handle incomplete or imprecise query specifications.
Banking and Finance in China.

while the so-called "new" immigrants from Eastern and Balkan Europe have been disposed of in an article which covers all the "Axis-conquered countries" in eight pages, repeats the well known facts about the settlements of these immigrants in this country, and concludes that "in America as in Europe, the various Slavic nationalities . during the present war, more than ever before . are becoming united" (p. 122)—a claim which is quite misleading and illusory when noting the differences among the American Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Serbs, Macedonians, Bulgarians, Ukrainians, White Russians, Ruthenians, and so on. But, in spite of these faults, the book is a distinct contribution to the field. I t explores a problem that is national—as well as world-wide—in interest and tells a story that is one of the most serious facing our home-front today.
Identification of an Escherichia coli pepA Homolog and Its Involvement in Suppression of thealgB Phenotype in Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the respiratory tracts of patients with cystic fibrosis often display a mucoid morphology due to high levels of expression of the exopolysaccharide alginate. The response regulator AlgB is required for full transcription of the alginate biosynthetic operon. Repeated attempts to demonstrate a direct interaction between AlgB and the promoter region of algD, the first gene in the alginate operon, have thus far been unsuccessful. The possibility that AlgB exerts its effect on algD indirectly exists. To identify putative genes under the control of AlgB which affect algDtranscription, transposon mutagenesis of nonmucoid algBderivatives of the mucoid strain FRD1 was employed. Of approximately 3,000 transposon mutants screened, 6 were found to display phenotypes which were mucoid relative to the phenotype of the parentalalgB strain. The phenotypes of these mutants ranged from being only slightly mucoid to being indistinguishable from that of the original FRD1 strain. One of the particularly mucoid transposon mutants was chosen for further study. This strain was found to be disrupted in a previously uncharacterized open reading frame with 56% amino acid identity to PepA of Escherichia coli. PepA is classified as a leucine aminopeptidase, and homologs have been detected in a number of bacterial, plant, and animal species. This novel gene has been designated phpA (P. aeruginosa homolog ofpepA). The insertional inactivation of phpA was found to correlate with the mucoid phenotype and an increase inalgD transcription in the algB strain. Expression of phpA from an ectopic chromosomal locus compensated for the transposon insertion in the native phpAgene, restoring algD transcription to levels similar to those observed in the parental algB strain. WhilephpA expression did not appear to be under the control of AlgB at the transcriptional level, this study demonstrates that loss ofphpA in an algB genetic background had a positive effect on alginate expression and, more specifically, on transcription of the alginate biosynthetic operon.
Visual mismatch negativity: a predictive coding view

An increasing number of studies investigate the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) or use the vMMN as a tool to probe various aspects of human cognition. This paper reviews the theoretical underpinnings of vMMN in the light of methodological considerations and provides recommendations for measuring and interpreting the vMMN. The following key issues are discussed from the experimentalist's point of view in a predictive coding framework: (1) experimental protocols and procedures to control “refractoriness” effects; (2) methods to control attention; (3) vMMN and veridical perception.
Nonverbal Communication, Race, and Intergroup Interaction ♦ ♦ Social Identity and Nonverbal Behavior in Intergroup Interaction ♦ ♦ Interaction in an Intergroup Context: a Model of Mixed Social Interaction

P erceiving others and oneself in terms of group identity influences the way people interact with others. When group memberships are salient, interactions are often guided by social roles (Eagly & Wood, 1999). To the extent that people rely on category-based, rather than individual-based, processing in their interaction, their perceptions will be influenced by group stereotypes and attitudes that can be activated automatically and without full awareness. When people think of themselves as members of a group, they view themselves not only as a 25
The mass of spacelike hypersurfaces in asymptotically anti-de Sitter space-times

We give a Hamiltonian definition of mass for spacelike hypersurfaces in space-times with metrics which are asymptotic to the anti-de Sitter one, or to a class of generalizations thereof. We show that our definition provides a geometric invariant for a spacelike hypersurface embedded in a space-time.
Yeast Assay Highlights the Intrinsic Genomic Instability of Human PML Intron 6 over Intron 3 and the Role of Replication Fork Proteins

Human acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a specific balanced translocation t(15;17)(q22;q21) involving the PML and RARA genes. In both de novo and therapy-related APL, the most frequent PML breakpoints are located within intron 6, and less frequently in intron 3; the precise mechanisms by which these breakpoints arise and preferentially in PML intron 6 remain unsolved. To investigate the intrinsic properties of the PML intron sequences in vivo, we designed Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains containing human PML intron 6 or intron 3 sequences inserted in yeast chromosome V and measured gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCR). This approach provided evidence that intron 6 had a superior instability over intron 3 due to an intrinsic property of the sequence and identified the 3’ end of intron 6 as the most susceptible to break. Using yeast strains invalidated for genes that control DNA replication, we show that this differential instability depended at least upon Rrm3, a DNA helicase, and Mrc1, the human claspin homolog. GCR induction by hydrogen peroxide, a general genotoxic agent, was also dependent on genetic context. We conclude that: 1) this yeast system provides an alternative approach to study in detail the properties of human sequences in a genetically controlled situation and 2) the different susceptibility to produce DNA breaks in intron 6 versus intron 3 of the human PML gene is likely due to an intrinsic property of the sequence and is under replication fork genetic control.
The Development, Validity and Reliability of HigherOrder Thinking Skills - Peer Appraisal Inventory (HOTS-PA)

The purpose of this study is to develop and obtain the content validity and reliability of the Higher-Order Thinking Skills Peer Appraisal Inventory based on the Bloom Taxonomy Model reviewed by Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) which was modified in line with the Ministry of Education requirement. Based on the model, there are two divisions namely Lower-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) and Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) which consist of six (6) sub-scales namely remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating and creating. A total of nine (9) panel of experts with knowledge, skills and practice of HOTS were involved in validating the HOTS-PA. Overall, the experts agreed that the items of HOTS-PA can measure higher-order thinking studies. The expert panel gave the overall content value of HOTS-PA of 0.876 (87.56%). The reliability value was obtained from 40 secondary school students. Overall, the reliability analysis for the HOTS-PA inventory shows a high Cronbach Alpha 's coefficient value of . 927. This suggests that HOTS-PA have good reliability and proven that HOTS-PA is suitable to be used to know the level of Higher-Order Thinking Skills among high school students aged 16 to 19 years old. Overall, 30 items have high reliability value and these items are developed at a good and acceptable level. The modifications to some of the items were made after obtaining the experts assessment in making the reliability value conform to the standards set in the development of the items. With regards to the results obtained, several recommendations have been submitted.
Improvement of binarization performance by applying DCT as pre-processing procedure

This paper proposes a new pre-processing approach to a sequence of binarization process, by applying the discrete cosine transform (DCT) to document image prior to binarization. This procedure can be used as a complement or alternative to denoising process used in many binarization methods. Firstly, original document images are transformed by the DCT. Then, the transformed document images are passed to standard image binarization methods, namely Otsu, Niblack, Sauvola and NICK. Secondly, original document images are directly binarized by the same methods. Then performance of the latter are compared with that of the former in terms of recall and precision. Performance evaluation are conducted by using noiseless and noisy ancient Indonesian documents with Arabic characters. It turns out that this pre-processing procedure improves binarization performance, especially for noisy documents.
Progesterone Alleviates Neural Behavioral Deficits and Demyelination with Reduced Degeneration of Oligodendroglial Cells in Cuprizone-Induced Mice

Demyelination occurs widely in neurodegenerative diseases. Progesterone has neuroprotective effects, is known to reduce the clinical scores and the inflammatory response. Progesterone also promotes remyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cuprizone-induced demyelinating brain. However, it still remains unclear whether progesterone can alleviate neural behavioral deficits and demyelination with degeneration of oligodendroglial cells in cuprizone-induced mice. In this study, mice were fed with 0.2% cuprizone to induce demyelination, and treated with progesterone to test its potential protective effect on neural behavioral deficits, demyelination and degeneration of oligodendroglial cells. Our results showed noticeable alleviation of neural behavioral deficits following progesterone treatment as assessed by changes in average body weight, and activity during the open field and Rota-rod tests when compared with the vehicle treated cuprizone group. Progesterone treatment alleviated demyelination as shown by Luxol fast blue staining, MBP immunohistochemical staining, and electron microscopy. There was an obvious decrease in TUNEL and Caspase-3-positive apoptotic cells, and an increase in the number of oligodendroglial cells staining positive for PDGFRα, Olig2, Sox10 and CC-1 antibody in the brains of cuprizone-induced mice after progesterone administration. These results indicate that progesterone can alleviate neural behavioral deficits and demyelination against oligodendroglial cell degeneration in cuprizone-induced mice.
PINP: A New Method of Tagging Neuronal Populations for Identification during In Vivo Electrophysiological Recording

Neural circuits are exquisitely organized, consisting of many different neuronal subpopulations. However, it is difficult to assess the functional roles of these subpopulations using conventional extracellular recording techniques because these techniques do not easily distinguish spikes from different neuronal populations. To overcome this limitation, we have developed PINP (Photostimulation-assisted Identification of Neuronal Populations), a method of tagging neuronal populations for identification during in vivo electrophysiological recording. The method is based on expressing the light-activated channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) to restricted neuronal subpopulations. ChR2-tagged neurons can be detected electrophysiologically in vivo since illumination of these neurons with a brief flash of blue light triggers a short latency reliable action potential. We demonstrate the feasibility of this technique by expressing ChR2 in distinct populations of cortical neurons using two different strategies. First, we labeled a subpopulation of cortical neurons—mainly fast-spiking interneurons—by using adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver ChR2 in a transgenic mouse line in which the expression of Cre recombinase was driven by the parvalbumin promoter. Second, we labeled subpopulations of excitatory neurons in the rat auditory cortex with ChR2 based on projection target by using herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1), which is efficiently taken up by axons and transported retrogradely; we find that this latter population responds to acoustic stimulation differently from unlabeled neurons. Tagging neurons is a novel application of ChR2, used in this case to monitor activity instead of manipulating it. PINP can be readily extended to other populations of genetically identifiable neurons, and will provide a useful method for probing the functional role of different neuronal populations in vivo.
Comorbid personality disorders among patients with depression

Purpose To investigate the personality disorders (PDs) diagnosed in patients with depressive disorders. Material and methods This study included a cross-sectional analysis, and was an extension of the Thai Study of Affective Disorder (THAISAD) project. Eighty-five outpatients with depressive disorders were interviewed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory to assess for depression, in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision and using the Thai version of the Structured Clinical Interview for PDs to assess for PD. Results Seventy-seven percent of the patients had at least one PD, 40% had one PD and 60% had two or more PDs (mixed cluster). The most common PDs found were borderline PD (20%) and obsessive–compulsive PD (10.6%), while the occurrence of avoidant PD was low when compared to the findings of previous, related studies. Among the mixed cluster, cluster A combined with cluster C was the common mix. Both dysthymic disorder and double depression were found to have a higher proportion of PDs than major depressive disorder (85.7% versus 76.1%). Dependent PD was found to be less common in this study than in previous studies, including those carried out in Asia. Conclusion The prevalence of PDs among those with depressive disorder varied, and only borderline PD seems to be consistently high within and across cultures. Mixed cluster plays a prominent role in depression, so more attention should be paid to patients in this category.
Automatic information recognition of traffic panels using SIFT descriptors and HMMs

This paper presents an algorithm to detect and recognize the information contained in road panels. The aim of this work is to complement the functionality of a traffic signposting inspection system based on computer vision, which is able to collect data related to the maintenance state of traffic signs and panels automatically. In this context, not only a good visibility of the panels is vital for a safe use by road users, but also the suitability of the information contained in the traffic panels. The algorithm presented here, which is based on SIFT descriptors to recognize single characters and also on HMMs to recognize whole words, will be able to make an inventory of the information contained in traffic panels with the aim to check its reliability and brevity automatically. Experimental results and conclusions obtained after analysing a diverse set of real images show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Behavioral and Neurotransmitter Abnormalities in Mice Deficient for Parkin, DJ-1 and Superoxide Dismutase

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of neurons in the substantia nigra that project to the striatum and release dopamine. The cause of PD remains uncertain, however, evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Although most cases of PD are sporadic, 5-10% of cases are caused by inherited mutations. Loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 were the first to be linked to recessively inherited Parkinsonism. Surprisingly, mice bearing similar loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 do not show age-dependent loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons or depletion of dopamine in the striatum. Although the normal cellular functions of Parkin and DJ-1 are not fully understood, we hypothesized that loss-of-function mutations in Parkin and DJ-1 render cells more sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. To test this hypothesis, we crossed mice deficient for Parkin and DJ-1 with mice deficient for the mitochondrial antioxidant protein Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD2) or the cytosolic antioxidant protein Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Aged Parkin -/- DJ-1 -/- and Mn-superoxide dismutase triple deficient mice have enhanced performance on the rotorod behavior test. Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase triple deficient mice have elevated levels of dopamine in the striatum in the absence of nigral cell loss. Our studies demonstrate that on a Parkin/DJ-1 null background, mice that are also deficient for major antioxidant proteins do not have progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons but have behavioral and striatal dopamine abnormalities.
Into the Interstices: Everyday Practices of Refugees and Their Supporters in Europe’s Migration ‘Crisis’

This article investigates the interconnections between migration to Europe for asylum and the multiple ‘crises’ of the border regime that have occurred in recent decades. Drawing on 22 months of ethnographic research with refugees in Italy and Germany, the article highlights the tensions between migration policy and legislation at the structural level and the agency of refugees. The case study focuses on a protest staged by refugees in Berlin and the active involvement of its civil-society supporters. The everyday practices of refugees, including building relationships with local residents, cross-border mobility within Europe and ‘inhabiting’ the grey zones where different national jurisdictions intersect, generate frictions that open up spaces of autonomy: the ‘interstices’. Territorial, social and judicial interstices develop out of the power relations in Europe’s migration ‘battleground’.