Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chicken interferome - avian interferon-stimulated genes identified by microarray and RNA-seq of primary chick embryo fibroblasts treated with a chicken type I interferon (IFN-α)

Viruses that infect birds pose major threats – to the global supply of chicken, the major, universally-acceptable meat, and as zoonotic agents (e.g. avian influenza viruses H5N1 and H7N9). Controlling these viruses in birds as well as understanding their emergence into, and transmission amongst, humans will require considerable ingenuity and understanding of how different species defend themselves. The type I interferon-coordinated response constitutes the major antiviral innate defence. Although interferon was discovered in chicken cells, details of the response, particularly the identity of hundreds of stimulated genes, are far better described in mammals. Viruses induce interferon-stimulated genes but they also regulate the expression of many hundreds of cellular metabolic and structural genes to facilitate their replication. This study focusses on the potentially anti-viral genes by identifying those induced just by interferon in primary chick embryo fibroblasts. Three transcriptomic technologies were exploited: RNAseq, a classical 3’-biased chicken microarray and a high density, “sense target”, whole transcriptome chicken microarray, with each recognising 120 to 150 regulated genes (curated for duplication and incorrect assignment of some microarray probesets). Overall, the results are considered robust because 128 of the compiled, curated list of 193 regulated genes were detected by two, or more, of the technologies.
Skillful Engagement with Wicked Issues A Framework for Analysing the Meaning-making Structures of Societal Change Agents

The argument underlying this article is that innovative and skillful change strategies are needed in order to handle a range of complex and difficult societal issues. For many of these so-called wicked issues, conventional institutions and policies have performed rather poorly. It can be reasonably argued that societal change agents play a crucial role in catalysing developmental processes regarding our societies' problem- solving strategies and organizational forms. The purpose of this article is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the different ways societal change agents engage wicked issues by developing a conceptual framework for analysing the meaning-making patterns of change agents. The framework integrates relevant concepts and models from the field of adult development with a specific focus on the role of awareness in five domains: task complexity, context, stakeholders, self, and perspectives. The framework is expected to be useful in analysing and explaining the variability in how societal change agents construct visions, goals, strategies, and courses of action, as well as in analysing patterns of effectiveness and success in initiatives that engage complex societal issues. Knowledge gained from such studies can (presumably) be used for designing more effective forms of scaffolding individual competence development as well as collective problem-solving and strategy development processes.
Organizing and Tapping Consumer Communities

This paper provides a framework that links consumer efforts to commercial innovation. It seeks to answer the question why some firms are able to benefit from relations to their consumers. It proposes that (some) firms can improve their product development by organizing consumer communities and by relying on a critical mass of dedicated consumers. It shows how convergence between new technology and new organizational forms makes the systematic integration costless consumer generated content a relevant option to some firms. The framework is illustrated by two case studies of product development in the computer games industry.
BALB/c Mice Can Learn Touchscreen Visual Discrimination and Reversal Tasks Faster than C57BL/6 Mice

Touchscreen technology is increasingly being used to characterize cognitive performance in rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Researchers are attracted to the automated system and translational potential for touchscreen-based tasks. However, training time is extensive and some mouse strains have struggled to learn touchscreen tasks. Here we compared the performance of commonly used C57BL/6 mice against the BALB/c mice, which are considered a poor performing strain, using a touchscreen task. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were trained to operate the touchscreens before learning a visual discrimination (VD) and reversal task. Following touchscreen testing, these strains were assessed for differences in locomotion and learned helplessness. BALB/c mice finished training in nearly half the number of sessions taken by C57BL/6 mice. Following training, mice learned a VD task where BALB/c mice again reached criteria in fewer than half the sessions required for C57BL/6 mice. Once acquired, there were no strain differences in % correct responses, correction trials or response latency. BALB/c mice also learnt the reversal task in significantly fewer sessions than C57BL/6 mice. On the open field test C57BL/6 mice traveled further and spent more time in the center, and spent less time immobile than BALB/c mice on the forced swim test (FST). After touchscreen testing, strains exhibited well-established behavioral traits demonstrating the extensive training and handling from touchscreen testing did not alter their behavioral phenotype. These results suggest that BALB/c mice can be examined using touchscreen tasks and that task adaptations may improve feasibility for researchers using different strains.
Deformation with enforced metrics on length, area and volume

Techniques have been developed to deform a mesh with multiple types of constraints. One limitation of prior methods is that the accuracy of demanded metrics on the resultant model cannot be guaranteed. Adding metrics directly as hard constraints to an optimization functional often leads to unexpected distortion when target metrics differ significant from what are on the input model. In this paper, we present an effective framework to deform mesh models by enforcing demanded metrics on length area and volume. To approach target metrics stably and minimize distortion, an iterative scale‐driven deformation is investigated, and a global optimization functional is exploited to balance the scaling effect at different parts of a model. Examples demonstrate that our approach provides a user‐friendly tool for designers who are used to semantic input.
Early Stopping Criteria for Energy-Efficient Low-Latency Belief-Propagation Polar Code Decoders

Capacity-achieving polar codes have gained significant attention in recent years. In general, polar codes can be decoded by either successive cancellation (SC) or the belief propagation (BP) algorithm. However, unlike SC decoders, performance optimizations for BP decoders have not been fully explored yet. In this paper, we explore novel early stopping criteria for polar BP decoding to significantly reduce energy dissipation and decoding latency. First, we propose two detection-type novel early stopping criteria for detecting valid outputs. For polar (1024, 512) codes, these two stopping criteria can reduce the number of iterations by up to 42.5% at 3.5 dB. Then, we propose a novel channel condition estimation approach, which can help select different stopping criteria in different SNR regions. Furthermore, the hardware architectures of polar BP decoders with the proposed stopping criteria are presented and developed. Synthesis results show that with the use of the proposed stopping criteria, the energy dissipation, and average latency of polar (1024, 512) BP decoder can be reduced by 10% ~ 30% with 2% ~ 5% hardware overhead, and average throughput can be increased by 20% ~ 55%.
Investigating 802 . 11 Mesh Networks Using Classical Symmetries

The analysis of DHTs has deployed I/O automata, and current trends suggest that the emulation of courseware will soon emerge. The notion that computational biologists connect with wireless models is never good. Next, after years of confirmed research into Markov models, we validate the deployment of model checking, which embodies the robust principles of algorithms [1]. Unfortunately, write-back caches alone can fulfill the need for objectoriented languages.
N A ] 2 J un 2 00 5 Metric based upscaling

Heterogeneous multi-scale structures can be found everywhere in nature. Can these structures be accurately simulated at a coarse level? Homogenization theory allows us to do so under the assumptions of ergodicity and scale separation by transferring bulk (averaged) information from sub-grid scales to computational scales. Can we get rid of these assumptions? Can we compress a PDE with arbitrary coefficients? Surprisingly the answer is yes; it is rigorous and based on a new form of compensation. We will consider divergence form elliptic operators in dimension n ≥ 2 to introduce this method. Although solutions of these operators are only Hölder continuous, we show that their regularity with respect to Harmonic mappings is C1,α. It follows that these PDEs can be up-scaled by transferring a new metric in addition to traditional bulk quantities from small scales into coarse scales and error bounds can be given.
Access Control on Semantic Web Data Using Query Rewriting

Semantic Web technologies allow on-line resources to be semantically annotated to support more effective and intelligent online services. However, ontologies sometimes may contain sensitive information. Providing access to them requires proper control to ensure the data protection requirement. Yet, the protection should not be too restrictive to make the access management inflexible. While there has been recent work on policy-based access control, in this paper, the authors present a policy representation specifically for access control on ontology-based data and explain how issues like policy propagation and policy conflict resolution are addressed. The authors present bucket-based query rewriting algorithms for realizing the access control policies to avoid sensitive resources leakage in the context of the Semantic Web. The authors validate the correctness of the proposed mechanisms by going through some illustrative examples in detail.
Recognizing and monitoring high-level behaviors in complex spatial environments

The recognition of activities from sensory data is important in advanced surveillance systems to enable prediction of high-level goals and intentions of the target under surveillance. The problem is complicated by sensory noise and complex activity spanning large spatial and temporal extents. The paper presents a system for recognizing high-level human activities from multi-camera video data in complex spatial environments. The Abstract Hidden Markov mEmory Model (AHMEM) is used to deal with noise and scalability. The AHMEM is an extension of the Abstract Hidden Markov Model (AHMM) that allows us to represent a richer class of both state-dependent and context-free behaviors. The model also supports integration with low-level sensory models and efficient probabilistic inference. We present experimental results showing the ability of the system to perform real-time monitoring and recognition of complex behaviors of people from observing their trajectories within a real, complex indoor environment.
A Log Based Approach to Make Digital Forensics Easier on Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is getting more and more attention from the information and communication technologies industry recently. Almost all the leading companies of the information area show their interesting and efforts on cloud computing and release services about cloud computing in succession. But if want to make it go further, we should pay more effort on security issues. Especially, the Internet environment now has become more and more unsecure. With the popularization of computers and intelligent devices, the number of crime on them has increased rapidly in last decades, and will be quicker on the cloud computing environment in future. No wall is wall in the world. We should enhance the cloud computing not only at the aspect of precaution, but also at the aspect of dealing with the security events to defend it from crime activities. In this paper, I propose a approach which using logs model to building a forensic-friendly system. Using this model we can quickly gather information from cloud computing for some kinds of forensic purpose. And this will decrease the complexity of those kinds of forensics.
HyperCrypt: Hypervisor-Based Encryption of Kernel and User Space

We present HyperCrypt, a hypervisor-based solution that encrypts the entire kernel and user space to protect against physical attacks on main memory, such as cold boot attacks. HyperCrypt is fully transparent for the guest operating system and all applications running on top of it. At any time, only a small working set of memory pages remains in clear while the vast majority of pages are constantly kept encrypted. By utilizing CPU-bound encryption, the symmetric encryption key is never exposed to RAM. We evaluated our prototype running a standard Linux system with an nginx web sever. With the default configuration of 1024 cleartext pages, successful cold boot attacks are rendered highly unlikely due to large caches of at least 4 MB in modern CPUs. The performance overhead of nginx is raised by factor 1.37 compared to a non-virtualized system.
ualberta at TAC-KBP 2012: English and Cross-Lingual Entity Linking

On one hand, the proliferation of the Web has generated massive information in an unorganized way and is still growing in an accelerating pace. On the other hand, structured and queryable knowledge bases are very difficult to construct and update. Automatic knowledge base construction techniques are greatly needed to convert the rich Web information into useful knowledge bases. Besides information extraction, ambiguities about entities and facts also need to be resolved. Entity Linking, which links an extracted named entity to an entity in a knowledge base, is to solve this ambiguity before populating knowledge. In this paper, we describe ualberta’s system for the 2012 TAC-KBP English and Cross-Lingual Entity Linking (EL) task, and report the result on the evaluation datasets.
Mixed Discrete-Continuous Heuristic Generative Planning Based on Flow Tubes

Nowadays, robots are programmed with a mix of discrete and continuous low level behaviors by experts in a very time consuming and expensive process. Existing automated planning approaches are either based on hybrid model predictive control techniques, which do not scale well due to time discretization, or temporal planners, which sacrifice plan expressivity by only supporting discretized fixed rates of change in continuous effects. We introduce Scotty, a mixed discrete-continuous generative planner that finds the middle ground between these two. Scotty can reason with linear time evolving effects whose behaviors can be modified by bounded control variables, with no discretization involved. Our planner exploits the expressivity of flow tubes, which compactly encapsulate continuous effects, and the performance of heuristic forward search. The generated solution plans are better suited for robust execution, as executives can use the flexibility in both time and continuous control variables to react to disturbances.
Analytical Results on the Behavior of a Liquid Junction across a Porous Diaphragm or a Charged Porous Membrane between Two Solutions According to the Nernst-Planck Equation

We model the behavior of an ideal liquid junction, across a porous and possibly charged medium between two ion-containing solutions, by means of the Nernst–Planck equation for the stationary state, in conditions of local electroneutrality. An analytical solution of the equation was found long ago by Planck for the uncharged junction with only ions of valences +1 and −1. Other analytical results, which have later been obtained also for more general situations, seem impractical for performing calculations. In this paper, we obtain analytical solutions for systems with up to three valence classes, which can be applied to perform numerical calculations in a straightforward way. Our method provides a much larger amount of information on the behavior of the system than the well-known Henderson’s approximation. At the same time, it is more simple and reliable, and much less demanding in terms of computational effort, than the nowadays commonly employed numerical methods, typically based on discrete integration and trial-and-error numerical inversions. We present some examples of practical applications of our results. We study in particular the uphill transport (i.e., the transport from the lower-concentration to the higher-concentration region) of a divalent cation in a liquid junction containing also other univalent anions and cations.
Exploring Casual Tabletop Interactions

Although there are many different types of tabletop displays in the literature, there are very few fundamentals known about what tabletop interfaces should look like or should behave. In order to obtain a better understanding of these questions, it seemed appropriate to back up a little from the interface design, and look at tasks and environments that we would like to support. Thus, several observational studies of traditional tabletop collaboration were undertaken to inform the design of collaborative tabletop interfaces. To get a broad understanding of tabletop collaboration in a variety of settings and tasks, these studies involved both informal and formal collaboration. This chapter describes the informal collaboration study, which involved participants playing tabletop games in a drop-in setting, inspired by kiosks setup in many science museums.
Optimized design and placement of piezoelectric transducers for micromechanical structures subject to membrane stress

This paper reports on the optimization of the design of piezoelectric transducer elements integrated on doubly-clamped micro-beam resonators. We report and emphasize the often forgotten influence of membrane stresses on defining the dimensions and optimal position of the piezoelectric transducer patches. The study is based on the shift of the inflection line (i.e., points of zero curvature) of the fundamental mode of vibration as a result of (excessive) membrane-stresses. The above is analysed theoretically using numerical models and is confirmed by impedance measurements and optical measurements of fabricated doubly-clamped beam resonators.
Statistical Comparison Measures for Searching in Melody Databases

In this paper, we investigate the task of melodic similarity search in large melody databases with special interest in the case where the melody looked for is not part of the database. We discuss some basic questions concerning this issue and devise a technical framework for a potential solution. The main part discusses several statistical measures for their quality as melodic comparison measure. Aside from examining some well-known statistical measures, we propose two newly-designed ones which seem to be good candidates for comparing pitch progressions.
An Application of Multicriteria Weighted Graph Similarity Method to Social Networks Analyzing

In the paper a concept of multicriteria weighted graphs similarity (MWGSP) method and its application to examine some properties of social networks is considered. The approach extends known approaches based on the graph similarity with two features: (1) the similarity is calculated as structural and non-structural (quantitative) in weighted graph, (2) choice of the most similar graph (subgraph) to graph (subgraph) representing examined objects is based on multicriteria decision. We test our similarity measures on email network for which the expected results are known, and on the terrorist net that prepared and executed September 11, 2001 attacks.
Formation of multivesicular endosomes in Dictyostelium

Multivesicular endosomes are present in virtually every eucaryotic cell, where they arise by intra-endosomal budding of the limiting endosomal membrane. Some genetic diseases such as Chediak-Higashi syndrome are characterized by enlarged membrane-filled endosomes. The same altered endosomal morphology can be observed in cells exposed to certain drugs, for example U18666A. The mechanisms involved are still poorly characterized, partially because this atypical budding event is particularly difficult to observe in mammalian cells. Taking advantage of the simplicity of the endosomal structure in Dictyostelium discoideum, we could visualize intraendosomal budding at the ultrastructural level. In this model organism, the drug U18666A was shown to stimulate intra-endosomal budding, while an inhibitor of PI 3-kinase activity was found to have no effect on this process. Inactivation of a Dictyostelium gene with similarity to the gene responsible for Chediak-Higashi syndrome did not alter the intra-endosomal budding or the accumulation of intra-endosomal membranes. Thus, although treatment with U18666A and inactivation of the Chediak-Higashi gene cause similar morphological defects in mammalian cells, observations in a different model reveal that their respective modes of action are different.
Locus-Shift Operator for Function Optimization in Genetic Algorithms

Function optimization is the most important context for studying genetic algorithm (GA) operators. In this paper a new GA operator is introduced which greatly improves several well-known benchmark functions used in function optimization. The new operator cuts a circular chromosome at any locus selected randomly. By this operation, various types of linear chromosomes can be formed from a parent circular chromosome. The new operator is called locus-shift (LS) because the locus of the linear chromosome produced by LS almost always shifts. In this paper, we study the dynamics of the evolution of chromosomes by the LS in simulation and show the effects of LS by various benchmark functions.
Social Entrepreneurship

This chapter provides a short history of social entrepreneurship in order to frame up a discussion of youth-centered social entrepreneurship. The chapter explores the basic concepts and foundational elements of social entrepreneurship as a whole before differentiating it with youth social entrepreneurship. It includes a description of early movements of social entrepreneurship and social enterprise. The reader who is new to the field of social entrepreneurship will find this chapter to be an appropriate introduction, while readers who are more experienced in this area will find it to be a review that shapes the explorations of youth social entrepreneurship to come.