Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Invasion Patterns of Metastatic Extrauterine High-grade Serous Carcinoma With BRCA Germline Mutation and Correlation With Clinical Outcomes

Characteristic histopathologic features have been described in high-grade serous carcinoma associated with BRCA abnormalities (HGSC-BRCA), which are known to have relatively favorable clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of invasion patterns in metastatic HGSC-BRCA cases. Of the 37 cases of advanced-stage HGSC with known BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation retrieved from our institutional files, 23 patients had a germline mutation of BRCA1 and 14 had a BRCA2 mutation. The pattern of invasion at metastatic sites was recorded and classified as a pushing pattern (either predominantly or exclusively), an exclusively micropapillary infiltrative pattern, or an infiltrative pattern composed of papillae, micropapillae, glands, and nests (mixed infiltrative pattern). Histologic evaluation of metastases was performed without knowledge of genotype or clinical outcome. Clinical data were abstracted from medical records. Median age was 56 years (range, 31 to 73 y). All patients presented at stage IIIC or IV and underwent complete surgical staging followed by chemotherapy. All 37 HGSC-BRCA cases showed either pushing pattern metastases (30; 81%) or infiltrative micropapillary metastases (7; 19%). No HGSC-BRCA case exhibited metastases composed solely of mixed infiltrative patterns. Among the 7 infiltrative micropapillary cases, 6 had a BRCA1 germline mutation versus 1 with a BRCA2 mutation. The median time of follow-up was 26 months (range, 13 to 49 mo). All 7 patients with infiltrative micropapillary metastases either experienced recurrence or died of disease (5 recurrences and 2 deaths), which was significantly worse than what was seen in patients with predominantly pushing pattern metastases, of whom 16 of 30 (53%) experienced recurrence (n=14) or died of disease (n=2) (P=0.03). In conclusion, the recognition of different invasion patterns of metastatic extrauterine HGSC-BRCA has prognostic implications. The infiltrative micropapillary pattern is associated with poor outcomes and is more frequently seen in BRCA1-associated HGSC than in BRCA2 cases.
Schemes of simultaneous AC-DC distribution network used for grid-connection of distributed generation

Simultaneous AC-DC distribution network was proposed to achieve the connection of distributed generation into distribution power system, but one of the major problems of this system is core saturation of transformer caused by injected DC current generated by distributed generation which is usually random and fluctuant. This paper proposes two methods aimed to alleviate the effect of DC bias magnetic. The rationales and designs of the topology are described in this paper. The first method is based on the traditional inductive filtering, the proposed intelligent inductive filtering add the monitoring of various orders of harmonics in distribution power grid, and the filters in the inductive filtering device can be intelligently switched on/off based on the information provided by monitor. Simulation results reported in this paper demonstrate that this method can solve core saturation of transformer in the AC and DC distribution network and at the same time can reduce the effect of redundant induction filters on the operation of power system. The other way is that zig-zag transformer replaces the conventional transformer in power distribution network to draw DC power into the grid. DC power provided by the distributed generation connects to the distribution line along DC-DC converters and is injected into distribution line through neutral line of zig-zag transformer, zig-zag transformer is characteristic of inhibition for core saturation of transformer. Then construct AC and DC power distribution network topology based on this scheme. Modeling and computer simulation based on this method has verified feasibility and effectiveness of this topology.
Literacy as a complex activity: deconstructing the simple view of reading

The Rose Review into the teaching of early reading recommended that the conceptual framework incorporated into the National Literacy Strategy Framework for Teaching – the Searchlights model of reading and its development – should be replaced by the Simple View of Reading. In this paper, we demonstrate how these two frameworks relate to each other, and show that nothing has been lost in this transformation from Searchlights to Simple View: on the contrary, much has been gained. That nothing has been lost is demonstrated by consideration of the underlying complexity inherent in each of the two dimensions delineated in the Simple View. That much has been gained is demonstrated by the increased understanding of each dimension that follows from careful scientific investigation of each. The better we understand what is involved in each dimension, the better placed we are to unravel and understand the essential, complex and continual interactions between each dimension which underlie skilled reading. This has clear implications for further improving the early teaching of reading.
AFiT - Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Planning Tool

The planning of cryo-balloon ablations for treatment of atrial fibrillation is a crucial task for a physician as he has to determine which size of the balloon catheter is required for isolation at each pulmonary vein. Today, the diameter of the pulmonary vein’s ostium is measured in a pre-operative data set to determine which type of catheter is most appropriate. We present a novel tool that visualizes a cryo-balloon catheter model within a 3-D model representing a segmented left atrium. Using this approach, physicians are able to better assess the catheter fit. So far, measurement of the pulmonary vein diameters have been performed by evaluation of 2-D slices taken from pre-operative data sets. The first feedback obtained by physicians was very encouraging as this tool offers better insights for balloon catheter ablation procedures.
Synthetic gene network computational design

Concepts and tools at the basis of electrical engineering can be borrowed to assemble genetic circuits in silico. As electrical components talk to each other by means of the electron current, standard biological parts exchange information through the fluxes of functional molecules, referred to as common signal carriers. Hence, synthetic circuits can be designed by connecting biological parts with wires where signal carriers flow. In this paper we present new features and applications of our model to computationally design synthetic gene circuits. In particular, we show a new design for polycistronic transcription units and a possible implementation of an enzyme-dependent pulse-generating network.
Early effects of tocilizumab in the treatment of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis: a one-week sub-study of a randomised controlled trial (Rapid Onset and Systemic Efficacy [ROSE] Study).

OBJECTIVES Tocilizumab has demonstrated efficacy in managing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from week 2 onward. This sub-study assessed effects of tocilizumab plus disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) during the first week of therapy. METHODS Rapid Onset and Systemic Efficacy was a 24-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial. Adults with moderate to severe active RA taking DMARDs received tocilizumab 8 mg/kg (or placebo) plus DMARDs every 4 weeks. Data were analysed from the first 62 patients at designated study sites who agreed to clinical evaluation and blood sampling at days 3 and 7 and had C-reactive protein levels ≥1 mg/dl. Outcomes included American College of Rheumatology core data set measures, disease activity score using 28 joints (DAS28) and routine assessment of patient index data 3 (RAPID3) scores. RESULTS Baseline evaluations were similar between groups (tocilizumab, n=40; placebo, n=22). Patient global assessments of disease activity and pain improved significantly in favour of tocilizumab (mean change from baseline to day 7: -16.2 [tocilizumab], 0.8 [placebo] [p=0.005] and -12.2 [tocilizumab], 1.4 [placebo] [p=0.01], respectively). Physician global assessment of disease activity also improved more with tocilizumab (-15.4 [tocilizumab], -5.6 [placebo] [p=0.05]). Changes from baseline in tender/swollen joint counts, physical function and RAPID3 scores were not significantly different between groups. DAS28 significantly improved with tocilizumab versus placebo at day 7 (-1.16 [tocilizumab], -0.27 [placebo] [p=0.007]). CONCLUSIONS Tocilizumab showed significant improvement in patient-reported disease activity, pain and DAS28 score as early as day 7 after first infusion, earlier than physician-reported measures, which may take longer to manifest.
Sports public figures in China: an historical analysis of media images.

This study examines media images of sports public figures during 4 periods of modern Chinese history. Furthermore, an explanation is provided for each of the variables that have affected the media’s portrayal of sports public figures. As in most cultures and nations around the world, sports public figures are recognizable characters in modern Chinese culture. They have a significant impact on opinions regarding sports and society and have gained a pivotal role in the fabric of mainstream culture. Over the various historical periods in China, the country’s media have reported stories involving sports public figures differently. The descriptions contained in this study are reflections of the various political, economical, cultural, sports, and media climates during different time periods in China. The commercialization of sports and the rise of the media’s presence have influenced the pursuit of an all-encompassing image of Chinese sports public figures.
Accurate evaluation of the electro-mechanical and parasitic parameters of CMUTs through electrical impedance characterization

Electrical impedance characterization represents a practical way to evaluate the electro-mechanical parameters of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers (CMUTs). This paper describes an accurate CMUT characterization method able to evaluate the electro-mechanical and parasitic parameters by fitting electrical impedance measurements at several bias voltages with an improved equivalent circuit model, which accounts for different parasitic phenomena including resistive and inductive behavior of electrical interconnections, stray capacitance, and dielectric loss of the insulating materials used in CMUT microfabrication. The method was analytically formalized, numerically implemented, and tested on air-coupled and water-coupled CMUTs. Experimental results showed excellent match between the experimental data achieved with a CMUT array element and the fitted impedance.
The Origin of Modern Human Behavior

Archaeology’s main contribution to the debate over the origins of modern humans has been investigating where and when modern human behavior is first recognized in the archaeological record. Most of this debate has been over the empirical record for the appearance and distribution of a set of traits that have come to be accepted as indicators of behavioral modernity. This debate has resulted in a series of competing models that we explicate here, and the traits are typically used as the test implications for these models. However, adequate tests of hypotheses and models rest on robust test implications, and we argue here that the current set of test implications suffers from three main problems: (1) Many are empirically derived from and context‐specific to the richer European record, rendering them problematic for use in the primarily tropical and subtropical African continent. (2) They are ambiguous because other processes can be invoked, often with greater parsimony, to explain their character. (3) Many lack theoretical justification. In addition, there are severe taphonomic problems in the application of these test implications across differing spans of time. To provide adequate tests of these models, archaeologists must first subject these test implications to rigorous discussion, which is initiated here.
Computer-delivered cognitive-behavioural treatments for obsessive compulsive disorder: preliminary meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized effectiveness trials

Abstract Cognitive behavioural treatments (CBTs) are well-established for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). However, few patients receive CBT, due to factors like geographical limitations, perceived stigmatization, and lack of CBT services. Some evidence suggests that computer-delivered cognitive-behavioural treatments (CCBTs) could be an effective strategy to improve patients’ access to CBT. To date a meta-analysis on effectiveness of CCBTs for OCD has not been conducted. The present study used meta-analytical techniques to summarize evidence on CCBTs for OCD on OCD and depression symptom outcomes at post-treatment and follow-up. A meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Treatments were classified as CCBTs if including evidence-based cognitive-behavioural components for OCD (psychoeducation, exposure and response prevention, cognitive restructuring), delivered through devices like computers, palmtops, telephone-interactive voice-response systems, CD-ROMS, and cell phones. Studies were included if they used validated outcomes for OCD. Eight studies met inclusion criteria (n = 392). A large effect favouring CCBTs over control conditions was found for OCD symptoms at post-treatment (d = 0.82, p = 0.001), but not for depression symptom outcomes (d = 0.15, p = 0.20). Theoretical implications and directions for research are discussed. A larger number of randomized controlled trials is required.
Gender differences in mathematical performance and the school context: Evidence from Russia

Gender differences in mathematical performance have been long debated in psychology, economics, and sociology. We contribute to this literature by analyzing a large data set of high school graduates who in 2011 took a standardized mathematical test in Russia (n = 738,456). We find no substantial difference in mean test scores of boys and girls. However, boys have a greater variance of scores and are more numerous at the top of the distribution. We apply quantile egression to model the association between school characteristics and gender differences in test scores throughout the distribution. Male advantage in test scores, particularly at the top of the distribution, is concentrated in cities and in schools with the advanced curriculum. In ordinary high schools, especially in the countryside, gender differences in all parts of the distribution are very small. A separate analysis at the regional level confirms that male advantage in mean test scores is higher in more urbanized regions.
HiRD: A Low-Complexity, Energy-Efficient Hierarchical Ring Interconnect

Energy consumption and design simplicity are paramount concerns in on-chip interconnects for chip multiprocessors. Several proposed and a few implemented many-core on-chip interconnects are mesh or torus-based. These designs offer good scalability. However, most mainstream commercial chip multiprocessors use rings, in which each network node has relatively simpler ring stop logic. Network traffic injected into the ring continues until reaching its destination, so no flow control or buffering is needed, unlike a mesh. This design simplicity is attractive to implementors of small-to-medium-scale CMPs, and at lower core counts, rings can offer competitive performance with lower die area and energy consumption. Unfortunately, rings do not scale as well as meshes to large core counts. In this paper, we propose a simple hierarchical ring topology and router design, which we call HiRD (Hierarchical Rings with Deflection), to enable better scalability while maintaining the simplicity of existing ring-based designs. Hierarchical ring networks have been proposed before. However, HiRD has two major new contributions. First, unlike past hierarchical ring designs, HiRD requires no in-ring flow control or buffering. Instead, HiRD implements inter-ring transfers using “bridge routers” which use minimal inter-ring buffering and, when the buffer is full, deflect transferring flits so that they circle the ring and try again. Second, we introduce two simple mechanisms which provide an end-to-end delivery guarantee (despite any deflections that occur) without impacting the critical path or latency of the vast majority of network traffic. We rigorously show that our network is deadlock- and livelock-free. Our evaluations show that HiRD attains equal or better performance at better energy efficiency than a comprehensive set of baseline NoC topologies and router designs, including a previous hierarchical ring design, a conventional 2D mesh, and a single ring. We conclude that HiRD is a compelling design point which allows scalable, efficient performance while retaining the simplicity and appeal of ring-based designs.
Contributions of Personal and Situational Factors to Bystanders' Reactions to School Bullying

The intent of this study was to explore bystanders' personal and situational variables predicting their behavioural reactions to school bullying by investigating a sample of 298 college students who had witnessed bullying during middle or high school. Results indicated that the bystander personal variables, gender and past experience as a bully or bully-victim, significantly predicted their reactions to bullying. All three types of bullying (physical, verbal and social), plus bystander relationship with bully or victim were identified as significant situational predictors of bystander behaviour.
Computational Optogenetics : Reducing Hyperexcitability of neurons through the use of Channelrhodopsin 2

In the scope of this research project we implement a computational model for the dynamical characteristics of channelrhodopsin 2, which was developed by the Cardiac Optogenetics and Optical Imaging Lab at Stony Brook University. We aim to determine the feasibility of using ChR2 to control and decrease the hyper excitation of neural networks. 1 Background Channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) is a light sensitive protein that can act as a light gated ion channel, which can provide the ability to modulate neural activity. ChR2 provides a depolarizing ionic current after illumination by light at a wavelength of 470 nm corresponding to blue light. The photocycle of ChR2 has been extensively studied by numerous research groups and lots of empirical data has been collected pertaining to its characteristics e.g. current flow as a result of light stimulation. This has allowed for the development of an empirically based computational model of ChR2 developed by the computational Optogentics group at the Stony Brook University. The applications of computational optogenetic models is far reaching not only in the field of neuroscience, but also in the field of cardiology as shown by Williams et al. [1]. Having these computational models for opsins such as ChR2 can allow neuroscientists to test and validate in simulation, the effects of adding ChR2 light gated ion channels into neural networks. Since these channels are light activated, precise stimulation and control can be achieved to stimulate specific sections of the brain using fiber optic and laser diode technology. In addition it has proven effective in aiding in the functional mapping of neurons and determining their connectivity [1]. Computational neuroscience has allowed for a more in depth understanding and modeling, of the dynamics of individual neurons and furthermore large neural networks. With the existing channelrhodopsin model, we can begin to evaluate the level of control optogenetics provides. For example, epilepsy is thought to be a disease caused by recurrent excitation created by a change in the topography of a neural network [2]. Controlling networks with recurrent excitation may lead to seizure prevention or cessation. Optogenetic transfection in these networks may allow for production of an optical neural pacemaker. We will evaluate the level of control channelrhodopsin provides in both a four neuron model and a larger model.
They are Not Equally Reliable: Semantic Event Search Using Differentiated Concept Classifiers

Complex event detection on unconstrained Internet videos has seen much progress in recent years. However, state-of-the-art performance degrades dramatically when the number of positive training exemplars falls short. Since label acquisition is costly, laborious, and time-consuming, there is a real need to consider the much more challenging semantic event search problem, where no example video is given. In this paper, we present a state-of-the-art event search system without any example videos. Relying on the key observation that events (e.g. dog show) are usually compositions of multiple mid-level concepts (e.g. "dog," "theater," and "dog jumping"), we first train a skip-gram model to measure the relevance of each concept with the event of interest. The relevant concept classifiers then cast votes on the test videos but their reliability, due to lack of labeled training videos, has been largely unaddressed. We propose to combine the concept classifiers based on a principled estimate of their accuracy on the unlabeled test videos. A novel warping technique is proposed to improve the performance and an efficient highly-scalable algorithm is provided to quickly solve the resulting optimization. We conduct extensive experiments on the latest TRECVID MEDTest 2014, MEDTest 2013 and CCV datasets, and achieve state-of-the-art performances.
Is There a Global Public Sphere? Media Framing of the Russia-Georgia Conflict of 2008

It has been argued that transnational communication technologies lead to the formation of a global public sphere (Volkmer, 2003). Using a framing analysis, this article examines whether signs of global public deliberation are present in U.S. and Ukrainian media coverage of the Russia-Georgia military conflict of 2008. Several popular national dailies and weeklies are analyzed, as well as niche periodicals of diverse political orientations. The study shows that U.S. media predominantly blame Russia; Ukrainian periodicals distribute responsibility among Russia, Georgia, and the United States. Pro-Russian views, popular in Ukraine, are ignored by U.S. news outlets. The exclusion of pro-Russian views from U.S. public discourse leads not to mutual understanding, but to animosity on the part of pro-Russian Ukrainian media toward the United States.
Bandwidth-Delay-Constrained Least-Cost Multimedia Broadcasting Based on Heuristic Genetic Algorithm on Overlay Networks

Since the heterogeneous Internet Service Provider (ISP) router policies prevent the quality-of-service (QoS) multimedia applications which require IP layer multicasting from being widely deployed on the Internet, the mechanism of implementing such applications by application layer broadcasting through organizing the multicast group in a peer-to-peer overlay network is proposed. In this paper, we study the bandwidth-delay-constrained minimum spanning tree problem in an overlay network, which is NP-complete. We propose a novel genetic algorithm for resolving this problem and compare it with a state-of-the-art method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient.