Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eliminating Errors in Worm Propagation Models

Research on worm propagation has been conducted for over a decade. However, traditional models overestimate the scale of the infected network that leads to propagation errors because of limited and inaccurate analysis of the propagation procedure between each pair of nodes in the network. This paper studies the propagation mechanism of the two main classes of worms: scanning worms (Code Red II) and nonreinfection email worms. We aim at eliminating overestimation in worm propagation modeling caused by errors. Through the analysis of the propagation procedure, we observe that the error is mainly caused by propagation cycles in the propagation path, which are usually ignored by traditional models. Our simulations and analysis show the fact that the existence of errors has non-negligible effect on worm propagation modeling. We quantify the error and propose a method to eliminate it.
n the relationship between acculturation and intercultural nderstanding : Insight from the Reading the Mind in the yes test .

Previous research has repeatedly demonstrated the importance of culture and cultural identification to interpersonal understanding. We aimed to apply the ideas from this domain to mental state reasoning, or theory of mind. We thus investigated the relationship between acculturation and inferring the mental states of other people within and across cultures by measuring Caucasian and East Asian participants’ accuracy in inferring the mental states of ownand other-ethnicity targets using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. As expected, Caucasian participants showed a significant ingroup advantage in inferring the mental states of ownversus other-ethnicity targets but no variation according to measures of acculturation. More important, East Asian residents of Canada showed greater accuracy for ownversus other-ethnicity targets—and their accuracy for Caucasian targets increased as a function of (i) the time they had lived in Canada, (ii) their experience interacting with Caucasians, (iii) increased endorsement of mainstream Canadian values, and (iv) decreased endorsement of their heritage culture’s values. These results suggest that cross-cultural understanding may be malleable to acculturation and cultural experience, highlighting the importance of further research on how people from different cultural perspectives come to understand each other and subsequently ameliorate cross-cultural misunderstanding. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Toward an Identification of Resources Influencing Habitat Use in a Multi-Specific Context

Interactions between animal behaviour and the environment are both shaping observed habitat use. Despite the importance of inter-specific interactions on the habitat use performed by individuals, most previous analyses have focused on case studies of single species. By focusing on two sympatric populations of large herbivores with contrasting body size, we went one step beyond by studying variation in home range size and identifying the factors involved in such variation, to define how habitat features such as resource heterogeneity, resource quality, and openness created by hurricane or forest managers, and constraints may influence habitat use at the individual level. We found a large variability among individual's home range size in both species, particularly in summer. Season appeared as the most important factor accounting for observed variation in home range size. Regarding habitat features, we found that (i) the proportion of area damaged by the hurricane was the only habitat component that inversely influenced roe deer home range size, (ii) this habitat type also influenced both diurnal and nocturnal red deer home range sizes, (iii) home range size of red deer during the day was inversely influenced by the biomass of their preferred plants, as were both diurnal and nocturnal core areas of the red deer home range, and (iv) we do not find any effect of resource heterogeneity on home range size in any case. Our results suggest that a particular habitat type (i.e. areas damaged by hurricane) can be used by individuals of sympatric species because it brings both protected and dietary resources. Thus, it is necessary to maintain the openness of these areas and to keep animal density quite low as observed in these hunted populations to limit competition between these sympatric populations of herbivores.
Energy efficiency of Coordinated Multipoint transmission (CoMP) over LTE-A

Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) is one of the new technologies introduced in Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) which helps to achieve the requirements of 4G issued by International Telecommunication Unit (ITU). At the same time, it is also one of the techniques for Inter-cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) that assists to eliminate the interference caused by neighboring base stations. Meanwhile, it also able to improve the channel capacity of the system. In brief, CoMP can be implemented for user experiences weak signals especially user at the cell edge because CoMP will coordinate several base stations for transmission. However, there is some challenges that CoMP technique faced which is energy efficiency and this is the main focus of this project because it always becomes ignorance. This project is mainly analyze the energy efficiency of the system by comparing the system with CoMP and non-CoMP or conventional system. There are few types of power consumption's considered which are transmit power, base station power and backhaul power. Therefore, a generic analytical equation is used for simulation conducted in this project. The energy efficiency is in the unit of bits/joule. Via the simulation, a system with best energy efficiency is identified. Besides that, analysis of the results is discussed in details. Other than that, there is further analysis on the system with best energy efficiency. The portion of each type of power consumed from the total power consumption is calculated. Furthermore, there is some suggestions on reducing the power that consumed the most because this kind of power has high potential on further improves the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, this helps to move the world towards green technology path smoother or less barrier.
Spectral energy transfer and generation of turbulent structures in toroidal plasma

Nonlinear energy cascades in turbulent spectra are studied in the H-1 toroidal heliac [S. M. Hamberger et al., Fusion Technol. 17, 123 (1990)] using the spectral energy transfer estimation and the amplitude correlation technique. An inverse energy cascade of the spectral energy from the unstable range is shown to be responsible for the generation of the large-scale coherent structures dominating turbulence spectra. Among such structures are zonal flows which are also found to be generated via the inverse cascade. The generation of zonal flows is correlated with the increased strength in the nonlinear energy transfer. The onset of the strongly sheared radial electric field across the low–high (L–H) transition dramatically changes the energy transfer in the spectra and the spectral power of the fluctuations.
Self-assembly of nanorods on quasicrystalline substrates

Quasicrystals possess long-range positional order with a non-crystallographic rotational symmetry. Quasicrystalline order leads to interesting surface properties. Adsorbates on quasicrystalline surfaces can form new self-assembled structures. In this work we study by computer simulations the phase behavior and mobility of hard rods in a quasicrystalline substrate potential. The quasicrystalline substrate is derived from the interference pattern of ve laser beams and possesses a decagonal rotational symmetry. We take two di erent particle models into account namely the hard needles and the hard spherocylinders. Hard needles are the simplest form of elongated particles which form liquid crystalline phases. They do not exhibit an excluded volume. To take excluded volume e ects into account, we also studied the hard spherocylinder model. In two dimensions the hard rods are known to undergo a density driven phase transition from an isotropic phase to a quasi-nematic phase. When the substrate potential is present, we nd di erent phase behavior for two rod lengths. Short rods can connect only two minima of the substrate potential. Long rods are able to connect many potential minima. Under the in uence of the substrate, the short needles form disconnected clusters located between two potential minima. The orientations of the clusters are aligned with the symmetry directions of the potential. Through the formation of clusters the quasi-nematic order gets destroyed. At high densities and high potential strengths a nematic order can be frozen in. Long needles also form clusters under the in uence of the substrate potential. In contrast to the short needles the clusters are not disconnected but are able to share a few minima. The clusters form lines which are oriented along the symmetry directions of the potential. In this way, a nematic phase can be stabilized. The distances between the lines follow two interwoven Fibonacci sequences. At low densities the needles form small regions of clusters oriented along di erent symmetry directions of the substrate. This non-nematic decagonal phase can also be frozen in at high densities and high potential strengths. Similar to the short needles the short spherocylinders form disconnected clusters under the in uence of the potential at low densities. Due to their nite width the system becomes crowed with increasing density. The directional order decreases
Neutral high-generation phosphorus dendrimers inhibit macrophage-mediated inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo

Significance Inflammation is a relevant part of the physiological response of the immune system to fight infectious diseases. However, excessive inflammation can also participate in the pathogenesis of several diseases. To open new avenues to treat the negative aspects of inflammation, we have used biocompatible nanoparticles, neutrally charged G3-G4 phosphorus dendrimers, which are not toxic and have good solubility and chemical stability in aqueous solutions. These nanoparticles are very efficient, in vitro and in vivo, to tackle the inflammatory response produced by different agents. In addition, the high number of chemically modifiable terminal groups on the surface of these nanodevices opens the high possibility of incorporating into them specific therapeutic groups which provide multifunctional therapeutic abilities. Inflammation is part of the physiological response of the organism to infectious diseases caused by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Innate immunity, mediated by mononuclear phagocytes, including monocytes and macrophages, is a first line of defense against infectious diseases and plays a key role triggering the delayed adaptive response that ensures an efficient defense against pathogens. Monocytes and macrophages stimulation by pathogen antigens results in activation of different signaling pathways leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines. However, inflammation can also participate in the pathogenesis of several diseases, the autoimmune diseases that represent a relevant burden for human health. Dendrimers are branched, multivalent nanoparticles with a well-defined structure that have a high potential for biomedical applications. To explore new approaches to fight against the negative aspects of inflammation, we have used neutral high-generation phosphorus dendrimers bearing 48 (G3) or 96 (G4) bisphosphonate groups on their surface. These dendrimers show no toxicity and have good solubility and chemical stability in aqueous solutions. Here, we present data indicating that neutral phosphorus dendrimers show impressive antiinflammatory activities both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, these dendrimers reduced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from mice and human monocyte-derived macrophages. In addition, these molecules present efficient antiinflammatory activity in vivo in a mouse model of subchronic inflammation. Taken together, these data suggest that neutral G3-G4 phosphorus dendrimers have strong potential applications in the therapy of inflammation and, likely, of autoimmune diseases.
Developer Teams on Bug Resolution: An Empirical Study on Mozilla Firefox and Eclipse JDT Projects

With the adoption of Open Source Software (OSS)systems increasing in practical usage, it is important toinvestigate bug resolution process of OSS projects. This paperconducted an empirical study on developer teams in bugresolution in Mozilla Firefox and Eclipse JDT projects. Withthe extracted bug numbers of source code changes from VCS(Versions Control System) and the extracted frequently cooccurringdevelopers from open bug repository, we analyzeddeveloper teams' focuses on bugs with respect to products,components, and packages. Through the empirical study, wediscovered that developer teams do naturally exist in bothMozilla Firefox and Eclipse JDT projects. More than half of allbugs are collaboratively fixed by developer teams. Eachdeveloper team has relatively stable focus on bugs with respectto particular products, components and source code packages.We also found that the discovered teams on bug resolution aredifferent from those published on OSS websites.
Service innovation for a sustainable fuel supply using cyber physical social system technology

Indonesia has been listed among big twenty countries with highest fossil fuel energy consumption. Indonesians are highly dependent on the sustainability of this fuel supply. Public Gas Station and PT Pertamina (Persero) in Indonesia play a very critical role in domestic fuel supply chain. According to the analysis of Badan Pengatur Hilir Migas, these parties are still facing one big issue, i.e maintaining the sustainability of fuel oil supply to all over the country. Meanwhile, the current integrated supply chain only fully covers the upstream sector. It leaves an open problem to be cleared. One important thing in maintaining the sustainability of supply chain is inventory control. Good inventory control will keep the sustainability of fuel supply to the citizens which become the value in public gas station service. A smart inventory control applied technology as its component. As cyber physical social system (CPSS) technology has been known having the capability of solving everyday life problems by the activities automation and reliable information flow, it is worth proposing a CPSS implementation in inventory control system as a service innovation of the public gas station in order to solve the problem and fulfill the goal of excellent service and customer satisfaction.
Hop-by-Hop Dynamic Addressing Based Routing Protocol for Monitoring of long range Underwater Pipeline

In Underwater Linear Sensor Networks (UW-LSN) routing process, nodes without proper address make it difficult to determine relative sensor details specially the position of the node. In addition, it effects to determine the exact leakage position with minimized delay for long range underwater pipeline monitoring. Several studies have been made to overcome the mentioned issues. However, little attention has been given to minimize communication delay using dynamic addressing schemes. This paper presents the novel solution called Hop-by-Hop Dynamic Addressing based Routing Protocol for Pipeline Monitoring (H2-DARP-PM) to deal with nodes addressing and communication delay. H2-DARP-PM assigns a dynamic hop address to every participating node in an efficient manner. Dynamic addressing mechanism employed by H2-DARP-PM differentiates the heterogeneous types of sensor nodes thereby helping to control the traffic flows between the nodes. The proposed dynamic addressing mechanism provides support in the selection of an appropriate next hop neighbour. Simulation results and analytical model illustrate that H2-DARP-PM addressing support distribution of topology into different ranges of heterogeneous sensors and sinks to mitigate the higher delay issue. One of the distinguishing characteristics of H2-DARP-PM has the capability to operate with a fewer number of sensor nodes deployed for long-range underwater pipeline monitoring.
Resurrection of the island rule – human-driven extinctions have obscured a basic evolutionary pattern

Islands are or have been occupied by unusual species, such as dwarf proboscideans and giant rodents. The discussion of the classical but controversial “island rule,” which states that mammalian body sizes converge on intermediate sizes on islands, has been stimulated by these unusual species. In this paper, we use an unprecedented global data set of the distributions and the body sizes of mammals and a novel analytical method to analyze body size evolution on islands; the analyses produced strong support for the island rule. Islands have suffered massive human-driven losses of species, and we found that the support for the island rule was substantially stronger when the many late-Quaternary extinct species were also considered (particularly, the tendency for dwarfing in large taxa). In this study, the decisive support generated for the island rule confirmed that evolution is markedly different on islands and that human impact may obscure even fundamental evolutionary patterns.
Longitudinal follow-up study of smoking-induced emphysema progression in low-dose CT screening of lung cancer

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major public health problem that is predicted to be third leading cause of death in 2030. Although spirometry is traditionally used to quantify emphysema progression, it is difficult to detect the loss of pulmonary function by emphysema in early stage, and to assess the susceptibility to smoking. This study presents quantification method of smoking-induced emphysema progression based on annual changes of low attenuation volume (LAV) by each lung lobe acquired from low-dose CT images in lung cancer screening. The method consists of three steps. First, lung lobes are segmented using extracted interlobar fissures by enhancement filter based on fourdimensional curvature. Second, LAV of each lung lobe is segmented. Finally, smoking-induced emphysema progression is assessed by statistical analysis of the annual changes represented by linear regression of LAV percentage in each lung lobe. This method was applied to 140 participants in lung cancer CT screening for six years. The results showed that LAV progressions of nonsmokers, past smokers, and current smokers are different in terms of pack-year and smoking cessation duration. This study demonstrates effectiveness in diagnosis and prognosis of early emphysema in lung cancer CT screening.
Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone (cHH) as a Modulator of Aggression in Crustacean Decapods

Biogenic amines, particularly serotonin, are recognised to play an important role in controlling the aggression of invertebrates, whereas the effect of neurohormones is still underexplored. The crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone (cHH) is a multifunctional member of the eyestalk neuropeptide family. We expect that this neuropeptide influences aggression either directly, by controlling its expression, or indirectly, by mobilizing the energetic stores needed for the increased activity of an animal. Our study aims at testing such an influence and the possible reversion of hierarchies in the red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, as a model organism. Three types of pairs of similarly sized males were formed: (1) ‘control pairs’ (CP, n = 8): both individuals were injected with a phosphate saline solution (PBS); (2) ‘reinforced pairs’ (RP, n = 9): the alpha alone was injected with native cHH, and the beta with PBS; (3) ‘inverted pairs’ (IP, n = 9): the opposite of (2). We found that, independently of the crayfish’s prior social experience, cHH injections induced (i) the expression of dominance behaviour, (ii) higher glycemic levels, and (iii) lower time spent motionless. In CP and RP, fight intensity decreased with the establishment of dominance. On the contrary, in IP, betas became increasingly likely to initiate and escalate fights and, consequently, increased their dominance till a temporary reversal of the hierarchy. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that, similarly to serotonin, cHH enhances individual aggression, up to reverse, although transitorily, the hierarchical rank. New research perspectives are thus opened in our intriguing effort of understanding the role of cHH in the modulation of agonistic behaviour in crustaceans.
Document Level Emotion Tagging: Machine Learning and Resource Based Approach

The present task involves the identification of emotions from Bengali blog documents using two separate approaches. The first one is a machine learning approach that accumulates document level information from sentences obtained from word level granular detail whereas the second one is a resource based approach that considers the Bengali WordNet Affect, the word level Bengali affective lexical resource. In the first approach, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is employed to perform the word level classification. Sense weight based average scoring technique determines the sentential emotion scores based on the word level emotion tagged constituents. The cumulative summation of sentential emotion scores is assigned to each document considering the combinations of various heuristic features. The second one implements a majority based approach to classify a given document considering the Bengali WordNet Affect lists. Instead of assigning a single emotion tag to a document, in both approaches, the best two emotion tags are assigned to each document according to the ordered emotion scores obtained. By applying the best feature combination acquired from the development set, the evaluation of 110 test documents yields the average F-Scores of 59.50% and 51.07% for the two approaches respectively with respect to all emotion classes.
Design of a High Density SNP Genotyping Assay in the Pig Using SNPs Identified and Characterized by Next Generation Sequencing Technology

Background The dissection of complex traits of economic importance to the pig industry requires the availability of a significant number of genetic markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This study was conducted to discover several hundreds of thousands of porcine SNPs using next generation sequencing technologies and use these SNPs, as well as others from different public sources, to design a high-density SNP genotyping assay. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 19 reduced representation libraries derived from four swine breeds (Duroc, Landrace, Large White, Pietrain) and a Wild Boar population and three restriction enzymes (AluI, HaeIII and MspI) were sequenced using Illumina's Genome Analyzer (GA). The SNP discovery effort resulted in the de novo identification of over 372K SNPs. More than 549K SNPs were used to design the Illumina Porcine 60K+SNP iSelect Beadchip, now commercially available as the PorcineSNP60. A total of 64,232 SNPs were included on the Beadchip. Results from genotyping the 158 individuals used for sequencing showed a high overall SNP call rate (97.5%). Of the 62,621 loci that could be reliably scored, 58,994 were polymorphic yielding a SNP conversion success rate of 94%. The average minor allele frequency (MAF) for all scorable SNPs was 0.274. Conclusions/Significance Overall, the results of this study indicate the utility of using next generation sequencing technologies to identify large numbers of reliable SNPs. In addition, the validation of the PorcineSNP60 Beadchip demonstrated that the assay is an excellent tool that will likely be used in a variety of future studies in pigs.