Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Initiating Organizational Memories Using Ontology Network Analysis

One of the important problems in organizational memories is their initial set-up. It is difficult to choose the right information to include in an organizational memory, and the right information is also a prerequisite for maximizing the uptake and relevance of the memory content. To tackle this problem, most developers adopt heavy-weight solutions and rely on a faithful continuous interaction with users to create and improve its content. In this paper, we explore the use of an automatic, light-weight solution, drawn from the underlying ingredients of an organizational memory: ontologies. We have developed an ontology-based network analysis method which we applied to tackle the problem of identifying communities of practice in an organization. We use ontology-based network analysis as a means to provide content automatically for the initial set-up of an organizational memory.
Efficient remote radio head switching scheme in cloud radio access network: A load balancing perspective

Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) is deemed as a promising architecture to meet the exponentially increasing traffic demand in mobile networks, where baseband processing is separated from remote radio heads (RRHs) and performed in a centralized baseband unit (BBU) pool. However, the densely deployed RRHs, as well as the passive optical network which provides high capacity backhauls between the RRHs and the BBU pool, consume a large amount of energy. In this paper, we propose efficient RRH switching schemes to achieve a tradeoff between the system energy saving and the load balance among the RRHs in the C-RAN. We first develop an approximation algorithm to address the intractable user association problem for a given set of RRHs, based on which we introduce efficient local search algorithms to perform RRH selection procedure, which can reduce the load fairness index of the C-RAN by controlling the active/inactive state of each RRH. We also discuss the handover signalling overhead issue and introduce an adaptive trigger mechanism to avoid switching on/off too many RRHs simultaneously so as to keep the signalling overhead of the C-RAN below an acceptable level. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed RRH switching schemes can improve the system performance of the C-RAN significantly. Moreover, our proposal sheds light on how to design effective and efficient handover schemes for next generation mobile networks.
Delay and power estimation for a CMOS inverter driving RC interconnect loads

The resistive-capacitive behavior of long interconnects which are driven by CMOS gates is analyzed in this paper. The analysis is based on the /spl pi/-model of an RC load and is developed for submicron devices. Accurate and analytical expressions for the output voltage waveform, the propagation delay and the short circuit power dissipation are derived by solving the system of differential equations which describe the behavior of the circuit. The effect of the coupling capacitance between input and output and that of short circuit current are also incorporated in the proposed model. The calculated propagation delay and short circuit power dissipation are in very good agreement with SPICE simulations.
Truancy Offenders in the Juvenile Justice System: A Multicohort Study

Truancy remains a persistent concern, with serious consequences for the individual, family, and society, as truancy is often linked to academic failure, disengagement with school, school dropout, and delinquency. This study analyzed large-scale data covering multiple years of cohorts of delinquent youths born between 1981 and 1988. Truancy offenders tend to be referred to the juvenile justice system at an earlier age, be juveniles with a family criminal history, and have received special education services. Caucasians girls, juveniles from lower income families, and juveniles who did not use drugs were more likely to be referred for truancy offenses than for other offenses. Implications of these findings for practice and future research are addressed.
A network of heterochronic genes including Imp1 regulates temporal changes in stem cell properties

Stem cell properties change over time to match the changing growth and regeneration demands of tissues. We showed previously that adult forebrain stem cell function declines during aging because of increased expression of let-7 microRNAs, evolutionarily conserved heterochronic genes that reduce HMGA2 expression. Here we asked whether let-7 targets also regulate changes between fetal and adult stem cells. We found a second let-7 target, the RNA binding protein IMP1, that is expressed by fetal, but not adult, neural stem cells. IMP1 expression was promoted by Wnt signaling and Lin28a expression and opposed by let-7 microRNAs. Imp1-deficient neural stem cells were prematurely depleted in the dorsal telencephalon due to accelerated differentiation, impairing pallial expansion. IMP1 post-transcriptionally inhibited the expression of differentiation-associated genes while promoting the expression of self-renewal genes, including Hmga2. A network of heterochronic gene products including Lin28a, let-7, IMP1, and HMGA2 thus regulates temporal changes in stem cell properties. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.00924. 001
Wellness Assessment Through Environmental Sensors and Mobile Smartphones

Wellness is an affective state that plays a significant role in our everyday lives, influencing our behaviour, social communication and performance, and even more. Although technological advancements are used to help our society to become more health conscious, wellness and mental health is still lacking in adequate resources, particularly among the student population. In this study, we collected data from 21 participants using mobile sensors and phones. The mobile sensor collected data regarding the temperature, humidity, and luminosity of the environment while the phone provide location information and data processing. The experimental data were analyzed through Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and General Well-Being Scale (GWBS). We assess the impact of the location on PSS and PSQI, and the impact of environmental conditions on GWBS. According to experimental result and correlation analysis among the data, luminosity has stronger impact on the wellness than the other two environmental parameters.
Efficient Construction of B -essential Graphs

Essential graphsandlargest chain graphsare well-established graphical representations of equivalence classes of DAGs and chain graphs (CGs) respec tively, especially useful in the context of structural learning. Recently, Roverato and La Rocca (2004 ) introduced the notion of alabelled block ordering of verticesB as a flexible tool for specifying subfamilies of CGs. In parti cular, both the family of DAGs and the family of “unconstrained” CGs are classes of B -consistentCGs for the appropriate choice ofB . Equivalence classes of B -consistent CGs are represented by means of B -essential graphs . In this paper, we give an efficient procedure for the construc tion of B -essential graphs that is based on the idea of a topological sorting of meta-arrows. In this w ay e also provide an efficient procedure for the construction of both largest chain graphs and essent ial graphs. The key feature of the proposed procedure is that every meta-arrow needs to be processed onl y once.
Bounding the Fractional Chromatic Number of KDelta-Free Graphs

King, Lu, and Peng recently proved that for $\Delta\geq 4$, any $K_\Delta$-free graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ has fractional chromatic number at most $\Delta-\tfrac{2}{67}$ unless it is isomorphic to $C_5\boxtimes K_2$ or $C_8^2$. Using a different approach we give improved bounds for $\Delta\geq 6$ and pose several related conjectures. Our proof relies on a weighted local generalization of the fractional relaxation of Reed's $\omega$, $\Delta$, $\chi$ conjecture.
A Naming Scheme for P2P Web Hosting

The peer—to—peer paradigm has great potential of providing the next generation Web hosting infrastructure. Profound advancements in P2P technology in the last decade have proven its capability to provide functionality similar to traditional client—server systems at a much larger scale with relatively lower cost. Existing centralized website hosting technology has a number of inherent deficiencies including scalability, single point of failure, administration overhead, hosting expenses, etc. P2P Web hosting can effectively address these problems and hence open a new era for next generation Web hosting. However peer availability and content location are highly dynamic in a P2P network. This dynamism raises a number of research challenges related to naming, addressing, indexing, and searching in a P2P environment. In this paper we identify the practical requirements for devising a secure, persistent, and human—friendly naming scheme for P2P Web hosting and propose a novel naming scheme that satisfies all these requirements. We also present extensive simulation results validating the accuracy, scalability and fault-resilience of the proposed naming scheme.
Local Features for Enhancement and Minutiae Extraction in Fingerprints

Accurate fingerprint recognition presupposes robust feature extraction which is often hampered by noisy input data. We suggest common techniques for both enhancement and minutiae extraction, employing symmetry features. For enhancement, a Laplacian-like image pyramid is used to decompose the original fingerprint into sub-bands corresponding to different spatial scales. In a further step, contextual smoothing is performed on these pyramid levels, where the corresponding filtering directions stem from the frequency-adapted structure tensor (linear symmetry features). For minutiae extraction, parabolic symmetry is added to the local fingerprint model which allows to accurately detect the position and direction of a minutia simultaneously. Our experiments support the view that using the suggested parabolic symmetry features, the extraction of which does not require explicit thinning or other morphological operations, constitute a robust alternative to conventional minutiae extraction. All necessary image processing is done in the spatial domain using 1-D filters only, avoiding block artifacts that reduce the biometric information. We present comparisons to other studies on enhancement in matching tasks employing the open source matcher from NIST, FIS2. Furthermore, we compare the proposed minutiae extraction method with the corresponding method from the NIST package, mindtct. A top five commercial matcher from FVC2006 is used in enhancement quantification as well. The matching error is lowered significantly when plugging in the suggested methods. The FVC2004 fingerprint database, notable for its exceptionally low-quality fingerprints, is used for all experiments.
A highly heterogeneous HIV-1 epidemic in the Central African Republic.

The Central African Republic has been strongly affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Although itself sparsely populated, the republic borders five other African countries and is crossed by the trans-African highway, which connects West and Central Africa with East Africa (Figure 1). Wide genetic variation reported among HIV-1 subtypes (on the basis of small numbers of samples) suggests multiple introductions of HIV into the republic (1). However, except in small studies and unpublished reports (2), the distribution and serologic reactivities of HIV within the Central African Republic have not been characterized. The need to conduct HIV surveillance has also been highlighted by reports of highly divergent strains of HIV-1 group O from neighboring Cameroon (3,4) and by recent findings that some of these strains were not reliably detected by current antibody screening tests (5-7). To assess the prevalence and distribution of HIV in the Central African Republic, the local Ministry of Health AIDS Program , assisted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), initiated a nationwide sen-tinel surveillance survey in late 1994. Sentinel surveillance has been useful for obtaining information on HIV infection (8). In particular, serial sentinel studies have permitted the spread of HIV to be monitored and trends to be followed over time. In this report, we present findings on the distribution of HIV-1 infections and serologic reactivities of HIV in the Central African Republic. From October through December 1994, a nationwide sentinel surveillance survey was conducted in 10 cities and towns M'Baiki, and Mobaye (Figure 1). The two primary population groups included were women attending prenatal clinics and male and female attendees at sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics. Two additional sites in the capital city, Bangui, were included to perform testing for laborers and university students. Serum samples, anonymous and without any personal identifiers, were collected and transported to the National Public Health Laboratory in Bangui. Testing for this study was supported by CDC, which used U.S. Public Health Service guidelines for confirmation (9). All sera were tested with the Genetic Systems HIV-1/2-enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit and all repeat positive sera were confirmed by HIV-1 Western blot (Cambridge Biotech). Specimens positive by initial EIA but negative for HIV-1 by Western blot or indeterminate were further tested for HIV-2 antibodies by an HIV-2 Western blot (Cam-bridge Biotech). In addition, samples from 11 sites (with sufficient quantity) that were positive by initial EIA were serotyped …
5-HT6 receptor recruitment of mTOR as a mechanism for perturbed cognition in schizophrenia

Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia severely compromise quality of life and are poorly controlled by current antipsychotics. While 5‐HT6 receptor blockade holds special promise, molecular substrates underlying their control of cognition remain unclear. Using a proteomic strategy, we show that 5‐HT6 receptors physically interact with several proteins of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, including mTOR. Further, 5‐HT6 receptor activation increased mTOR signalling in rodent prefrontal cortex (PFC). Linking this signalling event to cognitive impairment, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin prevented deficits in social cognition and novel object discrimination induced by 5‐HT6 agonists. In two developmental models of schizophrenia, specifically neonatal phencyclidine treatment and post‐weaning isolation rearing, the activity of mTOR was enhanced in the PFC, and rapamycin, like 5‐HT6 antagonists, reversed these cognitive deficits. These observations suggest that recruitment of mTOR by prefrontal 5‐HT6 receptors contributes to the perturbed cognition in schizophrenia, offering new vistas for its therapeutic control.
ClassifyingCancersBasedonT-cell In fi ltrationand PD-L 1

Cancer immunotherapy may become a major treatment backbone in many cancers over the next decade. There are numerous immune cell types found in cancers and many components of an immune reaction to cancer. Thus, the tumorhasmany strategies to evade an immune response. It has been proposed that four different types of tumor microenvironment exist based on the presence or absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. We review this stratification and the latest in a series of results that shed light on new approaches for rationally designing ideal combination cancer therapies based on tumor immunology. Cancer Res; 75(11);
Simple direct power control of three-phase PWM rectifier using space-vector modulation (DPC-SVM)

This paper proposes a novel and simple direct power control of three-phase pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) rectifiers with constant switching frequency using space-vector modulation (DPC-SVM). The active and reactive powers are used as the pulse width modulated (PWM) control variables instead of the three-phase line currents being used. Moreover, line voltage sensors are replaced by a virtual flux estimator. The theoretical principle of this method is discussed. The steady-state and dynamic results of DPC-SVM that illustrate the operation and performance of the proposed system are presented. It is shown that DPC-SVM exhibits several features, such as a simple algorithm, good dynamic response, constant switching frequency, and particularly it provides sinusoidal line current when supply voltage is not ideal. Results have proven excellent performance and verify the validity of the proposed system.
The Future of Assurance Services : Implications for Academia

The AICPA Special Committee on Assurance Services was set up in response to a decline in the market vitality of the audit. (See Elliott 1994a and 1994b for background.) Our purpose is to develop ideas and initiate steps to refurbish the profession's product. This mission was conceived in response to the current and emergent audit/assurance environment, the obvious context for considering the vitality of the audit. The current audit is surely very valuable to the capital markets and to our economy, but it is a mature product that has not been growing. Over the last six years real accounting and auditing revenues for the top 60 firms have been flat despite growing GDP. ̂ The market seems saturated; there is overcapacity and price competition; and the inherent reliability of accounting data has increased with improvements in business information systems. The audit service is generalized—a one-sizefits-all product—rather than tailored to the individual needs of investors and creditors and other users, yet responding to individual customer needs is one of the great messages of the last decade of economic change. Meanwhile, software that can do audit functions is a long-term threat. Imagine banks purchasing or developing such software and auditing their own debtors, institutional investors auditing investees, or internal auditing bolstered by advanced software that drastically reduces the evidence needed for an audit opinion. A large part of the immediate problem is the limited usefulness of today's financial statements. They don't, for example, reflect information-age assets, such as information, capacity for innovation, and human resources. As a consequence, they have been a declining proportion of the information inputs to investors' decision making. That translates into a declining share of the information marketplace for auditors (and, for that matter, financial accountants). Were financial statements as central to investors' decision making as they were thirty years ago, there would be relatively little concern over the vitality of the audit. However, the Committee was not intended to address improvements in financial reporting. That was the job of the Special Committee on Financial Reporting (the Jenkins Committee), which completed its work last year. Its recommendations have not yet been enacted, but it would nevertheless have been superfluous to appoint an additional committee devoted to refurbishing financial reporting. Our task is to refurbish the profession's "product" in a different sense: to identify new services in the wider area of the assurance function, an area that includes the basic audit, but goes beyond it. This must take place
On the Critical Coupling for Kuramoto Oscillators

The Kuramoto model captures various synchronization phenomena in biological and man-made systems of coupled oscillators. It is well-known that there exists a critical coupling strength among the oscillators at which a phase transition from incoherency to synchronization occurs. This paper features four contributions. First, we characterize and distinguish the different notions of synchronization used throughout the literature and formally introduce the concept of phase cohesiveness as an analysis tool and performance index for synchronization. Second, we review the vast literature providing necessary, sufficient, implicit, and explicit estimates of the critical coupling strength for finite and infinite-dimensional, and for first and second-order Kuramoto models. Third, we present the first explicit necessary and sufficient condition on the critical coupling to achieve synchronization in the finite-dimensional Kuramoto model for an arbitrary distribution of the natural frequencies. The multiplicative gap in the synchronization condition yields a practical stability result determining the admissible initial and the guaranteed ultimate phase cohesiveness as well as the guaranteed asymptotic magnitude of the order parameter. Fourth and finally, we extend our analysis to multi-rate Kuramoto models consisting of second-order Kuramoto oscillators with inertia and viscous damping together with first-order Kuramoto oscillators with multiple time constants. We prove that the multi-rate Kuramoto model is locally topologically conjugate to a first-order Kuramoto model with scaled natural frequencies, and we present necessary and sufficient conditions for almost global phase synchronization and local frequency synchronization. Interestingly, these conditions do not depend on the inertiae which contradicts prior observations on the role of inertiae in synchronization of second-order Kuramoto models.
Memory partitioning in Memcached: An experimental performance analysis

Memcached is a popular component of modern Web architectures, which allows fast response times - a fundamental performance index for measuring the Quality of Experience of end-users - for serving popular objects. In this work, we study how memory partitioning in Memcached works and how it affects system performance in terms of hit rate. Memcached divides the memory into different classes proportionally to the percentage of requests for objects of different sizes. Once all the available memory has been allocated, reallocation is not possible or limited, a problem called “calcification”. Calcification constitutes a symptom indicating that current memory partitioning mechanisms require a more careful design. Using an experimental approach, we show the negative impact of calcification on an important performance metric, the hit rate. We then proceed to design and implement a new memory partitioning scheme, called PSA, which replaces that of vanilla Memcached. With PSA, Memcached achieves a higher hit rate than what is obtained with the default memory partitioning mechanism, even in the absence of calcification. Moreover, we show that PSA is capable of “adapting” to the dynamics of clients' requests and object size distributions, thus defeating the calcification problem.
Solving Everyday Physical Reasoning Problems by Analogy Using Sketches

Understanding common sense reasoning about the physical world is one of the goals of qualitative reasoning research. This paper describes how we combine qualitative mechanics and analogy to solve everyday physical reasoning problems posed as sketches. The problems are drawn from the Bennett Mechanical Comprehension Test, which is used to evaluate technician candidates. We discuss sketch annotations, which define conceptual quantities in terms of visual measurements, how modeling decisions are made by analogy, and how analogy can be used to frame comparative analysis problems. Experimental results support the plausibility of this approach.