Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical site infection and the routine use of perioperative hyperoxia in a general surgical population: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT Surgical site infection (SSI) in the general surgical population is a significant public health issue. The use of a high fractional inspired concentration of oxygen (FIO2) during the perioperative period has been reported to be of benefit in selected patients, but its role as a routine intervention has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the routine use of high FIO2 during the perioperative period alters the incidence of SSI in a general surgical population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted between September 2001 and May 2003 at a large university hospital in metropolitan New York City of 165 patients undergoing major intra-abdominal surgical procedures under general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 80% oxygen (FIO2 of 0.80) or 35% oxygen (FIO2 of 0.35) during surgery and for the first 2 hours after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Presence of clinically significant SSI in the first 14 days after surgery, as determined by clinical assessment, a management change, and at least 3 prospectively defined objective criteria. RESULTS The study groups were closely matched in a large number of clinical variables. The overall incidence of SSI was 18.1%. In an intention-to-treat analysis, the incidence of infection was significantly higher in the group receiving FIO2 of 0.80 than in the group with FIO2 of 0.35 (25.0% vs 11.3%; P =.02). FIO2 remained a significant predictor of SSI (P =.03) in multivariate regression analysis. Patients who developed SSI had a significantly longer length of hospitalization after surgery (mean [SD], 13.3 [9.9] vs 6.0 [4.2] days; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS The routine use of high perioperative FIO2 in a general surgical population does not reduce the overall incidence of SSI and may have predominantly deleterious effects. General surgical patients should continue to receive oxygen with cardiorespiratory physiology as the principal determinant.
Learning From The Market: Efficient Lighting In China

Over the past ten years China has become one of the largest consumers as well as the largest producer and exporter of lighting products. The efficiency of lighting products made in China thus has significant implications for lighting efficiency, electricity consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To improve the efficiency of lighting products manufactured and sold in China, the China Green Lights program invested some 300 million yuan to transform the lighting market by increasing the demand for and supply of efficient lighting products. This study uses data mining to build a comprehensive data base of production and sales of the four main classes of lighting products and then applies the regression discontinuity model to estimate the impact of the China Green Lights program on domestic production and consumption of lighting products.
The AMPK signalling pathway in cancer and DNA damage

General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Tai-Chi-Chuan Exercise Improves Pulmonary Function and Decreases Exhaled Nitric Oxide Level in Both Asthmatic and Nonasthmatic Children and Improves Quality of Life in Children with Asthma

Tai-Chi-Chuan (TCC) is an exercise of low-to-moderate intensity which is suitable for asthmatic patients. The aim of our study is to investigate improvements of the lung function, airway inflammation, and quality of life of asthmatic children after TCC. Participants included sixty-one elementary school students and they were divided into asthmatic (n = 29) and nonasthmatic (n = 32) groups by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Among them, 20 asthmatic and 18 nonasthmatic children volunteered to participate in a 60-minute TCC exercise weekly for 12 weeks. Baseline and postintervention assessments included forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level, and Standardised Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ(S)). After intervention, the level of FeNO decreased significantly; PEFR and the FEV1/FVC also improved significantly in both asthmatic group and nonasthmatic group after TCC. The asthmatic children also had improved quality of life after TCC. The results indicated that TCC could improve the pulmonary function and decrease airway inflammation in both children with mild asthma and those without asthma. It also improves quality of life in mild asthmatic children. Nevertheless, further studies are required to determine the effect of TCC on children with moderate-to-severe asthma.
An overview of robust methods in medical research

Robust statistics is an extension of classical parametric statistics that specifically takes into account the fact that the assumed parametric models used by the researchers are only approximate. In this article, we review and outline how robust inferential procedures may routinely be applied in practice in the biomedical research. Numerical illustrations are given for the t-test, regression models, logistic regression, survival analysis and ROC curves, showing that robust methods are often more appropriate than standard procedures.
How does interorganisational implementation behaviour challenge the success of Football Fitness?

Abstract This article explores the role of the interorganisational implementation behaviour of the relevant actors in the implementation of Football Fitness, a Danish football-based, health-related activity. Football Fitness was designed by the Danish Football Association in 2010 and introduced in several volunteer football clubs in 2011. Today, around 200 of ∼1,600 potential clubs are involved. The analysis deployed a qualitative approach, including document analysis, individual interviews and focus group interviews. The theoretical framework is rooted in policy implementation theory. The findings reveal three crucial interconnected factors influencing interorganisational implementation behaviour and representing complications for the successful implementation of Football Fitness: (1) The implementation is being carried out by multiple actors with different implementation tasks. These actors operate on three different implementation levels – central, regional and local – that work differently in respect of their routines/perspectives and goals/interests. (2) The chain of cooperation is sequentially interdependent. The central level cooperates with the regional level and the regional level with the local level. (3) The cooperation between levels (central/regional and regional/local) lacks authority, common interest and beneficial exchange. To reduce these complications, the cooperation between the levels needs to be strengthened by considering these findings.
Is There Really a Problem with Hiring Rural Social Service Staff? An Exploratory Study among Social Service Supervisors in Rural Minnesota

A convenience sample of rural-based social service supervisors was surveyed using an exploratory design to investigate problems associated with hiring and retaining rural social service staff. Findings suggest that geographic distance from standard metropolitan statistical areas predicts an increase in difficulty of hiring. Evidence also suggests that there is a preference for hiring degreed social workers, and the educational level of staff hired differs significantly from the educational level of workers that supervisors stated they would prefer to hire. Additionally, supervisors were asked open-ended questions about successes and challenges of hiring workers. The responses suggested that supervisors prefer to hire employees who are familiar with rural environments. Hiring challenges cited were lack of qualified applicants, low wages, and rural agencies being used as employment “stepping stones. ”
Strategies of supply communities

Only one customer really counts: the end customer. The final purchaser decides whether each supply chain member adds value, and is thus willing to pay for the added benefit, or whether by‐passing a particular link in the supply chain makes economic sense. It is in this context that profit, based on value‐adding behaviors, provides the primary incentive and reward for supply chain members to organize. This article suggests that successful supply chains are those that are evolving into supply communities. This article presents a framework for more thoroughly understanding the motivation that members of the supply chain have for developing consistent business strategies, thereby enabling the supply community to compete effectively.
Biocompatible polymeric wireless pressure sensor for intraocular pressure sensing application

Telemetric sensing is a promising method to accomplish non-contact and continuous disease diagnoses. Implantable intraocular pressure (IOP) sensor using wireless telemetric technology is highly desirable. This paper presents a fully integrated SU-8-based passive wireless inductively-coupled pressure sensor, especially designed for IOP sensor. The sensor was microfabricated using biocompatible materials - gold and SU-8 - to form the LC parallel circuit and the pressure sensitive diaphragm. Multi-SU-8-layers were stacked to completely isolate the working circuit from the biological tissue medium. The characterization result of IOP sensor shows that it has relatively high responsivity (683 KHz/mmHg) in the pressure range of 0 – 60 mmHg and has pressure resolution much lower than 1 mmHg in both air and saline medium.
A Fertile Field for Service Research

universally used service that significantly affects economies and the quality of daily living. Service management, operations, and marketing scholars have much to offer to a critically important, intellectually challenging, but deeply troubled health care service sector. In this article, the authors use the opportunity they had to study at one of the world’s most admired medical institutions— Mayo Clinic—as the basis for discussing the similarities and dissimilarities between health care and other services. The article takes the reader “inside” health care. The authors challenge service scholars to consider health care for their research activities and propose areas for future research.
Extending immunofluorescence detection limits in whole paraffin‐embedded formalin fixed tissues using hyperspectral confocal fluorescence imaging

A major problem in microscopic imaging of ex vivo tissue sections stained with fluorescent agents (e.g. antibodies, peptides) is the confounding presence of background tissue autofluorescence. Autofluorescence limits (1) the accuracy of differentiating background signals from single and multiple fluorescence labels and (2) reliable quantification of fluorescent signals. Advanced techniques such as hyperspectral imaging and spectral unmixing can be applied to essentially remove this autofluorescent signal contribution, and this work attempts to quantify the effectiveness of autofluorescence spectral unmixing in a tumour xenograft model. Whole‐specimen single‐channel fluorescence images were acquired using excitation wavelengths of 488 nm (producing high autofluorescence) and 568 nm (producing negligible autofluorescence). These single‐channel data sets are quantified against hyperspectral images acquired at 488 nm using a prototype whole‐slide hyperspectral fluorescence scanner developed in our facility. The development and further refinement of this instrument will improve the quantification of weak fluorescent signals in fluorescence microscopy studies of ex vivo tissues in both preclinical and clinical applications.
The Placebo Response in the Treatment of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: The placebo response is conventionally asserted to be high in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) because of the latter’s subjective nature and obscure pathogenesis, but no systematic review of placebo responses has been undertaken. We report such a study. Patient expectation is known to be important in the placebo response. It is also known that CFS patients attending specialist clinics often have strong physical attributions regarding causation and hence skepticism about psychological or psychiatric interventions. If so, the placebo response in CFS may be influenced by the type of intervention according to its perceived rationale. We aimed to estimate the summary placebo response in clinical trials of CFS and to determine whether intervention type influences the placebo response in CFS. Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsychInfo, and the references of the identified articles, and contacted experts for controlled trials (randomized or nonrandomized) of any intervention on CFS patients reporting the placebo response as a clinical improvement in physical or general outcomes. Data were extracted from the articles and validity assessment conducted by one reviewer and checked by a second. Meta-analysis and metaregression were performed. Results: The pooled placebo response was 19.6% (95% confidence interval, 15.4–23.7), lower than predicted and lower than in some other medical conditions. The meta-regression revealed that intervention type significantly contributed to the heterogeneity of placebo response (p = .03). Conclusion: In contrast with the conventional wisdom, the placebo response in CFS is low. Psychological-psychiatric interventions were shown to have a lower placebo response, perhaps linked to patient expectations. CFS = chronic fatigue syndrome; CCT = controlled clinical trial; CBT = cognitive-behavioral therapy; CI = confidence interval; GET = graded exercise therapy.
Implications of Tall Fescue for Inter‐Row Water Dynamics in a Vineyard

Published in Agron. J. 106:1267–1274 (2014) doi:10.2134/agronj13.0488 Copyright © 2014 by the American Society of Agronomy, 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711. All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. AbstrACt
Genetic organization of a cluster of genes involved in the production of phaseolotoxin, a toxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola

Phaseolotoxin [N delta(N'-sulfo-diaminophosphinyl)-ornithyl-alanyl- homoarginine] produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, the bean halo blight pathogen, is a potent inhibitor of ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT). Inhibition of OCT in infected plants leads to chlorosis and growth inhibition. A genomic cosmid clone, pHK120, containing a 25-kb fragment of DNA from a wild-type strain of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola restores toxin production in Tox- mutants. Tn5 mutagenesis of pHK120 and marker exchange of pHK120::Tn5 plasmids in the wild-type strain resulted in the isolation of 39 chromosomal mutants that harbor Tn5 insertions at known positions. Toxin bioassays revealed that 28 of the mutants, with Tn5 insertions distributed throughout the insert of pHK120, were Tox-, indicating that a functional locus for toxin production in each mutant was inactivated. Complementation analysis was done by testing for toxin production strains that carried a genomic Tn5 at one location and a plasmid-borne Tn5 at another location (pair complementation). Pair complementation analysis of nine marker exchange mutants and a random genomic Tn5 mutant revealed that there are a minimum of eight toxin loci (phtA through phtH) in pHK120. Mutants carrying Tn5 insertions in the phtA, phtD, and phtF loci were complemented by deletion subclones containing fragments from pHK120; mutants carrying Tn5 insertions in the phtC locus were partially complemented by a subclone, and mutants carrying Tn5 insertions in the phtB, phtE, phtG, and phtH loci were not complemented by any of the available subclones. A comparison of the insert from pHK120 with that from pRCP17, a clone reported previously (R. C. Peet, P. B. Lindgren, D. K. Wills, and N. J. Panopoulos, J. Bacteriol. 166:1096-1105, 1986) by another laboratory to contain some of the phaseolotoxin genes and the phaseolotoxin-resistant OCT gene, revealed that the inserts in these two cosmids overlap but differ in important respects.
Contractual Complexity of R&D Alliances - A Two-Dimensional Analysis of the Determinants of Contractual Complexity

There has been little systematic theoretical or empirical analysis on how inter-firm contracts are actually designed. This is problematic because the structure of a contract has a large influence on the extent to which firms will benefit from a contractual relationship. We present a novel perspective on contract design using the construct of contractual complexity. In contrast to previous studies on contractual complexity that only use objective measures, we argue that the degree to which a contract imposes a cognitive load upon contract parties should be taken as a second important dimension of contractual complexity. Using a sample of nearly 300 R&D contracts in the biopharmaceutical industry, we develop a conceptual model of complexity that incorporates both dimensions of contractual complexity through which we investigate to what extent firm characteristics, transactional characteristics and the organizational routines of firms affect contractual complexity. We find that the two dimensions of complexity point at both overlapping and different aspects of the complexity of contracts. Organizational routines, information asymmetry, and asset specificity of transactions have somewhat comparable effects on both dimensions of contractual complexity, whereas the strategic importance of transactions and R&D capabilities asymmetry of firms affect only one dimension of contractual complexity.
Factors Influencing Credit Financing Of Small Scale Business Enterprises, In Kisii County, Kenya

xi CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study.1 1.2 Statement of the problem.4 1.3 Purpose of the study.4 1.4 Research objectives.4 1.5 Research question.5 1.6 Significant of the study.5 1.7 Delimitation of the study . 5 1.8 Limitation of the study.6 1.9 Basic assumption of the study . 6 1.10 Definition of significant terms.6 1.11Organization of the study.7 vi CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.
Web site characteristics and business performance: some evidence from international business‐to‐business organizations

This paper addresses the effectiveness of Web site capabilities. It is intended to empirically determine the importance of site properties for Internet sales performance. More specifically, we consider the relationship of characteristics such as navigability, interactivity, multimedia design and marketing communications content with sales attributed to the Internet. Advanced econometric modeling of cross‐section data on business‐to‐business firms demonstrates that interactive responsiveness of the site, enabling customized interactive programs and club membership, fast‐downloading multimedia, such as frames and animation, corporate information stressing corporate positioning and active information submission on behalf of the target audience may influence sales performance. Important implications for optimization of business‐to‐business Internet strategies are also considered.
An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Method Based on Borderline Search Strategy for Transmission Network Expansion Planning

To solve the problem of network expansion, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is proposed in this paper. This method initialized the particle swarm according to borderline search mind, made the initialized particle near the safety line, overcomes the defect of the uncertainty in the rational distribution of particle initialization, optimizing the range of the initialization. Numerical simulation results of power transmission network planning demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of this method, and shed new light on the further improving of PSO
Description of an Incompatibility Mutant of Escherichia coli

A mutant Hfr strain of Escherichia coli which has an impaired incompatibility function but is normal for other F factor functions has been isolated. This Inc− Hfr permits the maintenance and transfer of both the integrated F factor and an F′ factor. F′ factors have been isolated from the integrated F factor of the Inc− Hfr strain. When these episomes were tested in matings with Hfr or F′ strains, they did not differ in any observed way from wild-type F′ factors.
Structural changes in China’s distribution system

One of the essential components of China’s economic open door policy is the reform in its distribution system. So far the distribution reform has transformed China’s distribution system from being non‐responsive and supply‐driven to increasingly responsive and market‐ driven and the nature of exchange relationships among channel members has also changed. Consequently, the China market has become more accessible. This paper reviews a series of distribution reform programs and the emerging trends, highlights major changes in China’s distribution system, identifies the unresolved marketing and administration issues, and assesses their implications for the design of channel strategy, market entry strategy, and effective channel management in China.
A Study of the Navigation Management Mode for Spatiotemporal Separation of Tourists in Jiuzhaigou National Park during Rush Hours:Based on Management Entropy Theory and RFID Technology

The uneven spatial and temporal distribution of visitors in Jiuzhaigou national park directly results in three negative impacts: stronger demands on strict control of visitor limits in rush hours;greater pressures on eco-environment protection;decrease of tourist satisfaction.Guided by Management Entropy,this thesis applied RFID,eB and 3S information Technologies to design a scientific visitor distribution mode from temporal and spatial dimensions,set up a Navigation Management Mode for Spatiotemporal Separation of Tourists during Rush Hours with a view to decrease instantaneous load in scenic areas or spots,balance the temporal and spatial distribution of visitors and at the same time to achieve the increase of visitor capacity of scenic areas to enhance environment protection and visitor satisfaction.