Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The moderating effects of active and agreeable conflict management styles on cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of cultural intelligence (CQ) and conflict management styles on a person’s cross-cultural adjustment in an Asian context. A total of 260 international students completed the paper-based questionnaires in Taiwan. We utilized multiple hierarchical regression to analyze the data and thereby to test the effects of CQ on cross-cultural adjustment as well as the moderating effects of conflict management styles on the relationship between CQ and cross-cultural adjustment. The results showed that CQ had a positive relationship with both general adjustment and interaction adjustment after controlling for age, length of residence in the local country, previous overseas experience, English language ability, and Chinese language ability. Moreover, we found that an active conflict management style negatively moderated the relationships between CQ and general adjustment and between CQ and interaction adjustment, while an agreeable conflict management style only positively moderated the relationship of CQ and general adjustment. Ultimately, we were able to demonstrate the importance of CQ and conflict management styles in understanding the links that are related to cross-cultural adjustment. We also provided several practical implications for firms and for individuals in order to improve their cross-cultural effectiveness.
Improved Neural Signal Classification in a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation Task Using Active Learning

The application space for brain-computer interface (BCI) technologies is rapidly expanding with improvements in technology. However, most real-time BCIs require extensive individualized calibration prior to use, and systems often have to be recalibrated to account for changes in the neural signals due to a variety of factors including changes in human state, the surrounding environment, and task conditions. Novel approaches to reduce calibration time or effort will dramatically improve the usability of BCI systems. Active Learning (AL) is an iterative semi-supervised learning technique for learning in situations in which data may be abundant, but labels for the data are difficult or expensive to obtain. In this paper, we apply AL to a simulated BCI system for target identification using data from a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm to minimize the amount of training samples needed to initially calibrate a neural classifier. Our results show AL can produce similar overall classification accuracy with significantly less labeled data (in some cases less than 20%) when compared to alternative calibration approaches. In fact, AL classification performance matches performance of 10-fold cross-validation (CV) in over 70% of subjects when training with less than 50% of the data. To our knowledge, this is the first work to demonstrate the use of AL for offline electroencephalography (EEG) calibration in a simulated BCI paradigm. While AL itself is not often amenable for use in real-time systems, this work opens the door to alternative AL-like systems that are more amenable for BCI applications and thus enables future efforts for developing highly adaptive BCI systems.
“Evaluation of shear bond strength of a composite resin to white mineral trioxide aggregate with three different bonding systems”-An in vitro analysis

Background Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a biomaterial that has been investigated for endodontic applications. With the increased use of MTA in pulp capping, pulpotomy, perforation repair, apexification and obturation, the material that would be placed over MTA as a final restoration is an important matter. As composite resins are one of the most widely used final restorative materials, this study was conducted to evaluate the shear bond strength of a composite resin to white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) using three different bonding systems namely the two-step etch and rinse adhesive, the self-etching primer and the All-in-one system. Material and Methods Forty five specimens of white MTA (Angelus) were prepared and randomly divided into three groups of 15 specimens each depending on the bonding systems used respectively. In Group A, a Two-step etch and rinse adhesive or ‘total-etch adhesive’, Adper Single Bond 2 (3M/ESPE) and Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN) were placed over WMTA. In group B, a Two-step self-etching primer system, Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray, Medical Inc) and Filtek Z350 were used. In Group C, an All-in-one system, G Bond (GC corporation, Tokyo, Japan) and Filtek Z350 were used. The shear bond strength was measured for all the specimens. The data obtained was subjected to One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe’s post hoc test. Results The results suggested that the Two-step etch and rinse adhesive when used to bond a composite resin to white MTA gave better bond strength values and the All-in-one exhibited the least bond strength values. Conclusions The placement of composite used with a Two-step etch and rinse adhesive over WMTA as a final restoration may be appropriate. Key words:Composite resins, dentin bonding agents, mineral trioxide aggregate, shear bond strength.
Running Head : ALPHA POWER TRACKS THE CONTENT OF SPATIAL WORKING MEMORY 1 1 2 The Topography of Alpha-Band Activity Tracks the Content of Spatial Working Memory

42 Working memory (WM) is a system for the online storage of information. An emerging view is 43 that neuronal oscillations coordinate the cellular assemblies that code the content of WM. In line 44 with this view, previous work has demonstrated that oscillatory activity in the alpha-band (8-12 45 Hz) plays a role in WM maintenance but the exact contributions of this activity have remained 46 unclear. Here, we used an inverted spatial encoding model in combination with 47 electroencephalography (EEG) to test whether the topographic distribution of alpha-band activity 48 tracks spatial representations held in WM. Participants in three experiments performed spatial 49 WM tasks that required them to remember the precise angular location of a sample stimulus for 5
Electrically induced static exercise elicits a pressor response in the decerebrate rat

1 The purpose of this investigation was to determine if activation of the exercise pressor reflex in the decerebrate rat induced circulatory responses comparable to those reported in large mammalian species. 2 To activate both mechanically and metabolically sensitive afferent fibres, static hindlimb contractions were induced by stimulating the cut ends of L4 and L5 spinal ventral roots in Sprague‐Dawley rats (300–400 g). To selectively stimulate mechanically sensitive receptors, hindlimb muscles were passively stretched. 3 In intact halothane‐anaesthetized animals (n= 10)), static contraction and passive stretch induced a decrease in mean arterial pressure (ΔMAP =−17 ± 3 and −8 ± 1 mmHg for contraction and stretch, respectively) and heart rate (HR). In contrast, MAP increased 23 ± 2 mmHg during contraction and 19 ± 3 mmHg during stretch in decerebrate rats (n= 10)). These pressor responses were accompanied by a significant tachycardia. In decerebrate animals, the reintroduction of halothane attenuated the increase in MAP and HR caused by both contraction and stretch. 4 In both anaesthetized and decerebrate rats, sectioning the spinal dorsal roots innervating the activated skeletal muscle eliminated responses to contraction and stretch. This finding indicated that an intramuscular neural reflex mediated the response to each stimulus. 5 The results demonstrate that a decerebrate preparation in the rat is a reliable model for the study of the exercise pressor reflex. Development of the model would enable the study of this reflex in a variety of pathological conditions and allow investigation of the mechanisms controlling cardiovascular responses to exercise in health and disease.
Verifying a gigabit ethernet switch using SMV

We use model checking techniques to verify a switching block in a new Gigabit Ethernet switch - BCM5690. Due to its dynamic nature, this block has been traditionally difficult to verify. Formal techniques are far more efficient than simulation for this particular design. Among 26 design errors discovered, 22 are found using formal methods. We then improve our model checking capability to analyze switch latency. We also use induction to avoid state explosion in the model checker.
Experiences of Group Culture and Patterns of Interaction in Psychotherapy Supervision Groups

Abstract Beginner supervisees (n = 84) and their psychotherapy supervisors who worked in 28 supervision groups in an academic training context participated in this study. SYMLOG self-ratings of actual and ideal experiences of the group interactions were collected at three measurement points: the beginning, middle, and end of the supervision. The main purpose was to examine group members' (supervisees and supervisors) experiences of patterns of polarization in terms of development of subgroups within the supervision group, and group culture in terms of flexibility. The results showed that, for the majority of groups, experiences of patterns of interaction, as measured at the three measurement points, involved changes in role functions or degree of polarization among group members. The group members tended to become slightly more satisfied with their informal roles and the group culture over time. Group members who experienced that the group interactions did not become more flexible also experienced that subgroups, characterized by Nurture or Dependency, had emerged in their groups. In conclusion, the significance of polarization patterns and flexibility was emphasized. A certain degree of opposition and conflict in the supervision group seemed to further development and flexibility in the group.
Tensor-based Cortical Morphometry via Weighted Spherical Harmonic Representation

We present a new tensor-based morphometric framework that quantifies cortical shape variations using the local ar ea element. The local area element is obtained from the Riemannian metric tensors, which are, in turn, obtained from the smooth functional parametrization of a triangle mesh. For the smooth parametrization, we have developed a novel weighted spherical harmonic (SPHARM) representation. The weighted-SPHARM differs from the classical SPHARM in a regularizing cost function. The classical SPHARM is a special case of the weighted-SPHARM. Further, for a specific choice of weights, the weighted-SPHARM is shown to be the finite least squares approximation to the solution of an isotropic heat diffusion on a unit sphere. The main aims of this paper are to present a theoretical framework for the weighted-SPHARM, and to show how it can be used in the tensor-based morphometry. As an illustration, the methodology has been applied in the problem of detecting abnormal cortical regions in a clinical population.
Facilitating Employee Creativity: What Can We Learn from Online Work Community?

Creativity has been recognized as vital to organization success. With the rise of the new creative class (Florida, 2002), scholars and organization practitioners have been seeking ways of changing organizational settings to better facilitate creativity production in organizations. Online work communities (OWC), a new type of organization, have been emerging around creative works in the last decade. In this paper, we investigate the potential effects that online communities may have on facilitating employee creativity in organizations. Drawing on prior research about creativity in organizations, we set up a conceptual framework for analyzing organizational contextual effects on individual creativity. The framework categorizes contextual factors into three categories, related to intrinsic motivation, knowledge, and social capital respectively. For each contextual factor in the framework, we discuss how it has been supported in online work communities, with illustrations using exemplar communities. Finally, we propose a model that summarizes how specific characteristics of online work communities might facilitate creativity production in organizations.
The roles of contextual moderation and personality in relation to the knowledge–risk link in the workplace

While hypothesized, a consistent association between knowledge about a hazard and the estimation of risk associated with that hazard has not been found. Risk communication is premised on the fact that knowledge about a hazard (information) will change people's perceptions of risk and behaviour. In this review methodological and theoretical factors that might account for this lack of consistent association are explored. In this context issues to do with the measurement and assessment of hazard knowledge, knowledge calibration, and the role of context as a moderator are explored. It is argued that contextual factors moderate the knowledge–risk link, with this link being stronger in less controllable, ambiguous contexts. Further this review asks: How can messages be framed (using prospect theory) so as to be more effective in the work place? It is argued that messages framed as gains should be more useful for prevention behaviours (e.g. wearing ear guards) and messages framed as losses should be more effective for detection behaviours (using radiation meters). Finally, the role of personality (e.g. need for cognition, typical intellectual engagement, and self-esteem) in relation to knowledge about a hazard, message framing and risk perception is discussed.
Accommodating disability in higher education: a closer look at the evidence for a mainstream framework of learning support

Abstract In a recently published research article in this journal, Avramidis & Skidmore (2004) argued that it is time we placed issues of disability provision more in the context of provision for the generic student. They presented a study based on the Learning for All Questionnaire (LfAQ), which investigated certain implied issues. Findings indicated a need for improved educational provision for all students. No differences were found between disabled and non-disabled students in perceived level of needs or support for university, tutoring and lecturing systems. This null finding was the same for the learning support needs of disabled versus non-disabled students, with both groups wanting identical changes to the way the university's central learning support service responds to learning needs. These findings were taken as calling for a move away from a ‘specialist’ framework of disability provision and towards a ‘mainstream’ framework instead, in which the needs of disabled students are accommodated within improvements made in learning for all. Further, the Disabled Students' Allowance should be given over to departments in order to help fund this change in ‘institutional habitus’. In this article, four serious failings of the study and analyses are outlined. When these are addressed in a disability-theoretic reanalysis of the LfAQ data, every main finding is reversed. It is concluded that educational provisions are generally adequate. Students would welcome changes but these are more to do with increasing levels of convenience rather than learning support issues. Furthermore, the LfAQ data actually refute rather than support a mainstream framework of disability provision.
Coping Competencies: What to Teach and When

What we know about coping—the theory, conceptual framework, what is good and bad coping, and how we learn to cope—has important implications for how we deal with life circumstances and, in particular, how we manage conflict. This article outlines how we conceptualize coping as a response to stress and as a means to develop resilience. The measurement of the construct and the insights that research has provided have enabled us to develop programs to teach young people how to cope. One such program, the Best of Coping, is detailed and evaluated in a number of school settings in Australia and Italy. The implications of using a language of coping in educational contexts provides a promising mechanism for equipping young people to deal with the conflicts and difficulties that may arise in their lives, within and beyond school settings.
The Absence of Stars in Compact High-Velocity Clouds

We present the results of our search for faint Local Group dwarf galaxies in compact high-velocity clouds (HVCs). We used digitized Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS) data to examine 1 deg2 of sky around each of ~250 northern hemisphere HVCs. The POSS images were processed to remove foreground stars and large-scale backgrounds, smoothed to enhance arcminute-sized low surface brightness features, and then compared with the original plates. Using this technique, we located 60 candidate dwarf galaxies in the ~250 deg2 that we surveyed. Follow-up observations of these candidates have revealed several distant clusters of galaxies and a number of possible Galactic cirrus clouds, but no Local Group dwarfs. It appears that many of the low surface brightness features in the sky survey data are plate flaws. The second-generation red POSS plates are sensitive down to surface brightness levels of 25-26 mag arcsec-2, and our follow-up images reached 10 σ limiting magnitudes of R = 21-23 for point sources. Given these limits, all known Local Group galaxies except four of the very diffuse, extended dwarf spheroidals located within 100 kpc of the Milky Way would have been detected had they been in our survey. Therefore, we can rule out the possibility that these HVCs are associated with normal but faint dwarf galaxies. If compact HVCs do contain stars, they must have surface brightnesses ≳1 mag arcsec-2 fainter than most known Local Group galaxies.
Molecular Phylogeny of Marine Gregarine Parasites (Apicomplexa) from Tube‐forming Polychaetes (Sabellariidae, Cirratulidae, and Serpulidae), Including Descriptions of Two New Species of Selenidium

Selenidium is a genus of gregarine parasites that infect the intestines of marine invertebrates and have morphological, ecological, and motility traits inferred to reflect the early evolutionary history of apicomplexans. Because the overall diversity and phylogenetic position(s) of these species remain poorly understood, we performed a species discovery survey of Selenidium from tube‐forming polychaetes. This survey uncovered five different morphotypes of trophozoites (feeding stages) living within the intestines of three different polychaete hosts. We acquired small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences from single‐cell (trophozoite) isolates, representing all five morphotypes that were also imaged with light and scanning electron microscopy. The combination of molecular, ecological, and morphological data provided evidence for four novel species of Selenidium, two of which were established in this study: Selenidium neosabellariae n. sp. and Selenidium sensimae n. sp. The trophozoites of these species differed from one another in the overall shape of the cell, the specific shape of the posterior end, the number and form of longitudinal striations, the presence/absence of transverse striations, and the position and shape of the nucleus. A fifth morphotype of Selenidium, isolated from the tube worm Dodecaceria concharum, was inferred to have been previously described as Selenidium cf. echinatum, based on general trophozoite morphology and host association. Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU rDNA sequences resulted in a robust clade of Selenidium species collected from tube‐forming polychaetes, consisting of the two new species, the two additional morphotypes, S. cf. echinatum, and four previously described species (Selenidium serpulae, Selenidium boccardiellae, Selenidium idanthyrsae, and Selenidium cf. mesnili). Genetic distances between the SSU rDNA sequences in this clade distinguished closely related and potential cryptic species of Selenidium that were otherwise very similar in trophozoite morphology.
Communication patterns [message-passing patterns]

Parallel applications have message-passing patterns that are important to understand. Network topology, routing decisions, and connection and buffer management need to match the communication patterns of an application for it to run efficiently and scale well. These patterns are not easily discerned from the source code of an application, and even when the data is available it is not easy to categorize it appropriately such that meaningful knowledge emerges. We describe a novel system to gather the information we need to discover an application's communication pattern. We create five categories that help us analyze that data and explain how information from each category can be useful in the design of networking hardware and software. We use the NAS parallel benchmarks as examples on how to apply our techniques
Between Consensus and Denial

This study focuses on climate journalists as key mediators between science and the public sphere. It surveys journalists from five countries and five types of leading news outlets. Despite their different contexts, journalists form an interpretive community sharing the scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change and agreeing on how to handle climate change skeptics. This consensus is particularly strong among a core of prolific writers while climate change skepticism persists among a periphery of occasional writers. The journalists’ attitudes toward climate change are connected to their usage of sources, indicating that interpretive communities include journalists and scientists.
Identifying needs, burden, and distress of carers of people with Frontotemporal dementia compared to Alzheimer’s disease

The literature on carers of people with Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is negligible compared to the vast literature on carers of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and little research has compared the two groups. Research has mainly focused on identifying the behavioural characteristics of people with FTD or AD. The impact of these behaviours on the psychological well-being of carers of people with FTD is relatively unexplored. This study investigated the needs, burden, and extent of depression and anxiety in carers of people with FTD (n = 30) compared to carers of people with AD (n = 30). Findings indicated that needs of carers of people with FTD were significantly higher than those of the carers of people with AD. The elevated needs were related to the younger onset of FTD, financial dissatisfaction, typical FTD characteristics, and access to appropriate services, information and support. Results also suggested that female carers were more likely to report a greater severity and impact of disruptive symptoms associated with FTD. No significant differences were found between the two groups on carers’ levels of burden, depression or anxiety. In order to address the needs of carers of people with FTD, we recommend specific educational and support programs, raising community awareness and understanding, and tailoring existing domiciliary services and activities for people with FTD.
Writing a research paper: reflections on a reflective log

This article is based on a reflective log that chronicled, over a 9-month period, the process of writing a paper - a mainly philosophical paper about the ethics and politics of contract research - for a research conference. It offers a picture of writing as part of a professional and personal life in which serendipity seems to feature as prominently as any kind of rational planning; as a social practice which involves networking and interaction in an intellectual community; as a literary engagement in which concerns about personal voice and communicative effect are prominent; and as an activity in which the author seeks to satisfy certain (methodo)logical criteria, albeit that these were more commonly tacitly understood than rendered explicit. The article concludes with some reflections on what the author feels he has gained from this process of reflection on the practice of writing.