Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient TLM-Based Approach for Compact Modeling of Anisotropic Materials and Composites

─ Compact modeling approach of anisotropic media by using the Z-TLM method is proposed. Thin anisotropic multilayer material is efficiently described through connection procedure between two Z-TLM mesh cells, by using the scattering parameters to create a digital filter-based compact model. Model is incorporated into non-uniform TLM grid given here in a form fully complying with the originally proposed Z-TLM method algorithm. Accuracy and efficiency of the compact model is confirmed on a few examples through comparison with the fine mesh results. Index Terms ─ Anisotropic materials and composites, compact model, non-uniform grid, Z-TLM method.
Regulated export of a secretory protein from the ER of the hepatocyte: a specific binding site retaining C-reactive protein within the ER is downregulated during the acute phase response

The half-time for secretion of the plasma protein C-reactive protein (CRP) by the hepatocyte decreases markedly in association with its increased synthesis during the acute phase response to tissue injury (Macintyre, S., D. Samols, and I. Kushner. 1985. J. Biol. Chem. 260:4169-4173). In studies in which subcellular fractions were prepared from cells incubated under pulse-chase conditions, CRP was found to be preferentially retained within the ER of normal hepatocytes, but secreted relatively efficiently in cells prepared from rabbits undergoing the acute phase response. On the basis of the detergent- dependency of specific binding of radiolabeled CRP, as well as EM visualization of biotinylated CRP identified with peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin, CRP was found to bind to the lumenal surface of permeabilized rough microsomes, while no binding was detected in Golgi fractions. As judged by both kinetic and equilibrium binding studies, rough microsomes from control rabbits were found to have two classes of specific binding sites for CRP; a high affinity site (Kd = 1 nM, Bmax = 1 pmol CRP/mg microsomal protein) as well as a much lower affinity (Kd = 140 nM) site. In contrast, only the lower affinity class was detected in microsomes isolated from rabbits undergoing the acute phase response. On nitrocellulose blots probed with radiolabeled CRP a 60-kD protein, distinct from BiP, was detected in extracts of rough microsomes isolated from control rabbits, but not in Golgi fractions or rough microsomes from stimulated animals. These findings correlate with previous observations of changes in secretion kinetics of CRP and are consistent with the hypothesis that the intracellular sorting of CRP could be rerouted by downregulation of a specific ER binding site during the acute phase response.
Novel Chiral Phosphoramidite Monomers from (R)- and (S)-1,3-Butanediol: Synthesis of Modified Oligonucleotides and Binding Affinity Studies

Abstract Two optically active phosphoramidite monomers for modified oligodeoxyribonucleotides were prepared. These monomers were then introduced into dodecanucleotides in the middle of the sequences. The modified dodecanucleotides were characterized by various analytical methods including MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and Tm values were obtained to appraise the binding affinity, by measuring change in UV absorbance at 260 nm.
Biogenesis of the Inner Membrane Complex Is Dependent on Vesicular Transport by the Alveolate Specific GTPase Rab11B

Apicomplexan parasites belong to a recently recognised group of protozoa referred to as Alveolata. These protists contain membranous sacs (alveoli) beneath the plasma membrane, termed the Inner Membrane Complex (IMC) in the case of Apicomplexa. During parasite replication the IMC is formed de novo within the mother cell in a process described as internal budding. We hypothesized that an alveolate specific factor is involved in the specific transport of vesicles from the Golgi to the IMC and identified the small GTPase Rab11B as an alveolate specific Rab-GTPase that localises to the growing end of the IMC during replication of Toxoplasma gondii. Conditional interference with Rab11B function leads to a profound defect in IMC biogenesis, indicating that Rab11B is required for the transport of Golgi derived vesicles to the nascent IMC of the daughter cell. Curiously, a block in IMC biogenesis did not affect formation of sub-pellicular microtubules, indicating that IMC biogenesis and formation of sub-pellicular microtubules is not mechanistically linked. We propose a model where Rab11B specifically transports vesicles derived from the Golgi to the immature IMC of the growing daughter parasites.
(2,2′-Bipyridyl-κ2 N,N′)tetrakis(4-methylbenzoato-κO)manganese(II)

In the title mononuclear complex, [Mn(C8H7O2)4(C10H8N2)], the MnII atom lies on a twofold rotation axis and has a distorted octahedral coordination geometry defined by four O atoms from four 4-methylbenzoate ligands and two N atoms from one 2,2′-bipyridyl ligand. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions [the centroid–centroid distance between the parallel pyridyl ring of a 2,2′-bipyridyl and benzene ring of a 4-methylbenzoic group of a neighboring complex is 3.839 (2) Å].
Haplotypes on pig chromosome 3 distinguish metabolically healthy from unhealthy obese individuals

We have established a pig resource population specifically designed to elucidate the genetics involved in development of obesity and obesity related co-morbidities by crossing the obesity prone Göttingen Minipig breed with two lean production pig breeds. In this study we have performed genome wide association (GWA) to identify loci with effect on blood lipid levels. The most significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for linkage disequilibrium (LD) and haplotype analyses. Three separate haploblocks which influence the ratio between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol (HDL-C/CT), triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels respectively were identified on Sus Scrofa chromosome 3 (SSC3). Large additive genetic effects were found for the HDL-C/CT and LDL-C haplotypes. Haplotypes segregating from Göttingen Minipigs were shown to impose a positive effect on blood lipid levels. Thus, the genetic profile of the Göttingen Minipig breed seems to support a phenotype comparable to the metabolic healthy obese (MHO) phenotype in humans.
Optimization of Resource Allocation in Multi-radio Multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks

Multi-channel communication in a Wireless Mesh Network with routers having multiple radio interfaces significantly enhances the network capacity. Efficient channel assignment is critical for realization of optimal throughput in such networks. This paper addresses the channel assignment problem for multi-channel multi-interface (radio) wireless mesh networks. We focus on static wireless mesh networks where multiple non-overlapping channels are available for each wireless interface. In this network environment, our objective is to find a fixed channel assignment which maximizes the number of bidirectional links that can be activated simultaneously, subject to interference constraints. We present a mixed integer linear programming models for solving the fixed channel assignment problem with multiple radios. Detailed computational results are presented and discussed to validate the algorithm.
Involvement of Luteinizing Hormone in Alzheimer Disease Development in Elderly Women

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a slow progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects more elderly women than elderly men. It impairs memory, typically progresses into multidomain cognitive decline that destroys the quality of life, and ultimately leads to death. About 5.3 million older Americans are now living with this disease, and this number is projected to rise to 14 million by 2050. Annual health-care costs in the United States alone are projected to increase to about US$1.1 trillion by 2050. The initial theory that decreasing estrogen levels leads to AD development in postmenopausal women has been proven inconclusive. For example, Women’s Health Research Initiative Memory Study and the population-based nested case–control study have failed to demonstrate that estrogen/progesterone (hormone replacement therapy [HRT]) or estrogen replacement therapy could prevent the cognitive decline or reduce the risk of AD. This led to the realization that AD development could be due to a progressive increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels in postmenopausal women. Accordingly, a large number of studies have demonstrated that an increase in LH levels is positively correlated with neuropathological, behavioral, and cognitive changes in AD. In addition, LH has been shown to promote amyloidogenic pathway of precursor protein metabolism and deposition of amyloid β plaques in the hippocampus, a region involved in AD. Cognate receptors that mediate LH effects are abundantly expressed in the hippocampus. Reducing the LH levels by treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists could provide therapeutic benefits. Despite these advances, many questions remain and require further research.
On the Complexity of Minimum Sum-of-Squares Clustering

To the best of our knowledge, the complexity of minimum sum-of-squares clustering is unknown. Yet, it has often been stated that this problem is NP-hard. We examine causes for such confusion and in the process show that a recent proof of Drineas et al. in Machine Learning 56, 9–33, 2004 is not valid and unlikely to be salvaged.
Application of Data Compression to a Large Bibliographic Data Base

This paper examines the applicability and benefits of various data compression techniques to a large bibliographic database that forms the core of The University of California's public access on-line Union Catalog. Particular attention is given to the interplay between compression and retrieval, and to the feasibility of implementing high performance Huffman coding algorithms in microcode.
Neuro Genetic Fuzzy System For Gain Scheduling Adaptive Control Design

This paper proposes a gain scheduling adaptive control scheme based on fuzzy systems, neural networks and genetic algorithms: an optimal fuzzy PI controller is developed, by a genetic algorithm, according to some design specifications, and a neural network is designed to learn and tune online the fuzzy controller parameters at different operating points from ones used in the learning process. Simulation results are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed structure for DC servomotor adaptive speed control design
Is a non-synonymous SNP in the HvAACT1 coding region associated with acidic soil tolerance in barley?

Abstract The barley HvAACT1 gene codes for a citrate transporter associated with tolerance to acidic soil. In this report, we describe a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the HvAACT1 coding region that was detected as T-1,198 (in genotypes with lower root growth on acidic soil) or G-1,198 (greater root growth) and resulted in a single amino acid change (L/V-172). Molecular dynamic analysis predicted that HvAACT1 proteins with L or V-172 were stable, although the substitution led to structural changes within the protein. To evaluate the effect of the SNP on tolerance to acidic soil, barley accessions were separated into haplotypes based on the presence of a 1 kb insertion in the HvAACT1 promoter and a 21 bp insertion/deletion. These markers and the SNP-1,198 allowed the identification of five haplotypes. Short-term soil experiments showed no difference in root growth for most of the accessions containing the 21 bp insertion and T or G-1,198. In contrast, genotypes showing both the 21 bp deletion and G-1,198, with one of them having the 1 kb insertion, showed greater root growth. These results indicate that the SNP was not advantageous or deleterious when genotypes from the same haplotype were compared. The occurrence of the SNP was highly correlated with the 21 bp insertion/deletion that, together with the 1 kb insertion, explained most of the barley tolerance to acidic soil.
Adaptive GPU-based terrain rendering

The diploma thesis at hand presents a survey on the development of terrain rendering algorithms during the past ten years and examines to which extent Shader model 4 can contribute to terrain rendering algorithms. Therefore, a new approach based on the features of Shader model 4 named RAG is introduced. RAG is a purely GPUbased terrain rendering algorithm which refines a coarse input mesh by recursively employing the new geometry shader stage introduced with Shader model 4. Each triangle is directly tesselated within the rendering pipeline, depending on how well it approximates the given height map texture. RAG provides fast CPU-independent terrain refinement, but guarantees to the mesh’s accuracy can only be given to a certain extent. This is due to the purely edge-based refinement decisions which are applied to each triangle and guarantee a consistent mesh topology.
Burst firing versus synchrony in a gap junction connected olfactory bulb mitral cell network model

A key player in olfactory processing is the olfactory bulb (OB) mitral cell (MC). We have used dual whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from the apical dendrite and cell soma of MCs to develop a passive compartmental model based on detailed morphological reconstructions of the same cells. Matching the model to traces recorded in experiments we find: Cm = 1.91 ± 0.20 μF cm−2, Rm = 3547 ± 1934 Ω cm2 and Ri = 173 ± 99 Ω cm. We have constructed a six MC gap-junction (GJ) network model of morphologically accurate MCs. These passive parameters (PPs) were then incorporated into the model with Na+, Kdr, and KA conductances and GJs from Migliore et al. (2005). The GJs were placed in the apical dendrite tuft (ADT) and their conductance adjusted to give a coupling ratio between MCs consistent with experimental findings (~0.04). Firing at ~50 Hz was induced in all six MCs with continuous current injections (0.05–0.07 nA) at 20 locations to the ADT of two of the MCs. It was found that MCs in the network synchronized better when they shared identical PPs rather than using their own PPs for the fit suggesting that the OB may have populations of MCs tuned for synchrony. The addition of calcium-activated potassium channels (iKCa) and L-type calcium channels (iCa(L)) (Bhalla and Bower, 1993) to the model enabled MCs to generate burst firing. However, the GJ coupling was no longer sufficient to synchronize firing. When cells were stimulated by a continuous current injection there was an initial period of asynchronous burst firing followed after ~120 ms by synchronous repetitive firing. This occurred as intracellular calcium fell due to reduced iCa(L) activity. The kinetics of one of the iCa(L) gate variables, which had a long activation time constant (τ ~ range 18–150 ms), was responsible for this fall in iCa(L). The model makes predictions about the nature of the kinetics of the calcium current that will need experimental verification.
The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Bimodal Divided Attention: Two Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies

The neural processes underlying the ability to divide attention between multiple sensory modalities remain poorly understood. To investigate the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in bimodal divided attention, we completed two repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) studies. We tested the hypothesis that the DLPFC is necessary in the ability to divide attention across modalities. This hypothesis originated as a result of a previous fMRI study in which the posterior DLPFC was active during a bimodal divided attention condition [Johnson, J. A. , & Zatorre, R. J. Neural substrates for dividing and focusing attention between simultaneous auditory and visual events. Neuroimage, 2006]. In the current experiments, two separate groups of subjects underwent 10 min of slow rTMS to temporarily disrupt function of the DLPFC. In both groups, the ability to divide attention between unrelated auditory and visual stimuli decreased following DLPFC disruption compared to control site stimulation. Specifically, the ability to divide attention between modalities was hindered, leading to a pattern of behavior similar to bimodal selective attention (ability to attend to one or the other modality but not both). We discuss possible roles of the posterior DLPFC in bimodal divided attention and conclude that the area may be functioning to support the increased working memory load associated with divided, compared to selective attention.
The third universal definition of myocardial infarction

different clinical situations. This article aims to provide a summary of this document along with its implications for nursing practice. The third universal definition of myocardial infarction The main feature of this new definition is the recognition of a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarker values, with at least one of the values being raised. The favoured cardiac biomarker of myocardial injury is the highly sensitive and specific cardiac troponin (cTn). At least one of the following criteria should also be met: w Symptoms of ischaemia w New significant ST/T wave changes or left bundle-branch block w Appearance of pathological Q waves on an electrocardiogram (ECG) w Evidence of recent loss of viable myocardium or regional wall motion abnormality
Antibodies against major histocompatibility complex class II antigens directly inhibit the growth of T cells infected with Theileria parva without affecting their state of activation

We have analyzed the effect of antibodies (Abs) directed against major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II Abs on the proliferation of Theileria parva-infected (Tpi) T cells. Anti-MHC class II Abs exert a direct effect on Tpi T cells causing an acute block in their proliferation. The inhibition does not involve apoptosis and is also entirely reversible. The rapid arrest of DNA synthesis caused by anti- MHC class II Abs is not due to interference with the state of activation of the T cells since the transcriptional activator NF-kappa B remains activated in arrested cells. In addition, interleukin 2 (IL- 2), IL-2R, and c-myc gene expression are also unaffected. By analyzing the cell-cycle phase distribution of inhibited cells, it could be shown that cells in all phases of the cell cycle are inhibited. The signal transduction pathway that results in inhibition was shown to be independent of protein kinase C and extracellular Ca2+. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, however, partly reduced the level of inhibition and, conversely, phosphatase inhibitors enhanced it. The possible relevance of this phenomenon in other systems is discussed.
Ieee Signal Processing Magazine Computational Functional Genomics

iology is evolving into an informationrich science due to advances in highthroughput (large scale) experimental techniques that produce hundreds of thousands of data points in a single measurement. The field of computational functional genomics exploits this wealth of information to create models that begin to describe function in a systematic way. A fundamental aspect of computational functional genomics is the problem of functional identification. All genes in an organism have a specific function or functions. This function describes the role that a gene plays in the cell and is generally determined experimentally. The high-throughput experimental techniques mentioned above do not measure function directly, but rather measure features of a gene that are related to its function (e.g., the sequence of the gene). The relationships between the function of a gene and its features are often complex and not well understood, making machine learning algorithms ideally suited for the analysis of this type of biological data. Given a training set of genes with known features and function, a model can be constructed using machine learning to predict the function of all the genes in the organism. Furthermore, the features of an organism can be analyzed in an unsupervised framework to identify genes that have common features and thus possible common or related functions. In this article we present some specific examples of how representing biological data in a machine-learning framework is possible and how these representations contribute to both the prediction and discovery of biological function.
Footstep planning on uneven terrain with mixed-integer convex optimization

We present a new method for planning footstep placements for a robot walking on uneven terrain with obstacles, using a mixed-integer quadratically-constrained quadratic program (MIQCQP). Our approach is unique in that it handles obstacle avoidance, kinematic reachability, and rotation of footstep placements, which typically have required non-convex constraints, in a single mixed-integer optimization that can be efficiently solved to its global optimum. Reachability is enforced through a convex inner approximation of the reachable space for the robot's feet. Rotation of the footsteps is handled by a piecewise linear approximation of sine and cosine, designed to ensure that the approximation never overestimates the robot's reachability. Obstacle avoidance is ensured by decomposing the environment into convex regions of obstacle-free configuration space and assigning each footstep to one such safe region. We demonstrate this technique in simple 2D and 3D environments and with real environments sensed by a humanoid robot. We also discuss computational performance of the algorithm, which is currently capable of planning short sequences of a few steps in under one second or longer sequences of 10-30 footsteps in tens of seconds to minutes on common laptop computer hardware. Our implementation is available within the Drake MATLAB toolbox [1].
Mechanisms of Diastolic Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease Relationship of hyperuricemia with mortality in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction

Takeshi Shimizu, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Yuki Kanno, Mai Takiguchi, Akihiko Sato, Shunsuke Miura, Yuichi Nakamura, Hiroyuki Yamauchi, Takashi Owada, Satoshi Abe, Takamasa Sato, Satoshi Suzuki, Masayoshi Oikawa, Takayoshi Yamaki, Koichi Sugimoto, Hiroyuki Kunii, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu-ichi Saitoh, and Yasuchika Takeishi Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan; and Department of Advanced Cardiac Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan