Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immuno-PET Imaging of HER3 in a Model in which HER3 Signaling Plays a Critical Role

HER3 is overexpressed in various carcinomas including colorectal cancer (CRC), which is associated with poor prognosis, and is involved in the development of therapy resistance. Thus, an in vivo imaging technique is needed to evaluate the expression of HER3, an important therapeutic and diagnostic target. Here, we report successful HER3 PET imaging using a newly generated anti-human HER3 monoclonal antibody, Mab#58, and a mouse model of a HER3-overexpressing xenograft tumor. Furthermore, we assessed the role of HER3 signaling in CRC cancer tissue-originated spheroid (CTOS) and applied HER3 imaging to detect endogenous HER3 in CTOS-derived xenografts. Cell binding assays of 89Zr-labeled Mab#58 using the HER3-overexpressing cell line HER3/RH7777 demonstrated that [89Zr]Mab#58 specifically bound to HER3/RH7777 cells (Kd = 2.7 nM). In vivo biodistribution study in mice bearing HER3/RH7777 and its parent cell xenografts showed that tumor accumulation of [89Zr]Mab#58 in HER3/RH7777 xenografts was significantly higher than that in the control from day 1 to day 4, tending to increase from day 1 to day 4 and reaching 12.2 ± 4.5%ID/g. Radioactivity in other tissues, including the control xenograft, decreased or remained unchanged from day 1 to day 6. Positron emission tomography (PET) in the same model enabled clear visualization of HER3/RH7777 xenografts but not of RH7777 xenografts. CTOS growth assay and signaling assay revealed that CRC CTOS were dependent on HER3 signaling for their growth. In PET studies of mice bearing a CRC CTOS xenograft, the tumor was clearly visualized with [89Zr]Mab#58 but not with the 89Zr-labeled control antibody. Thus, tumor expression of HER3 was successfully visualized by PET with 89Zr-labeled anti-HER3 antibody in CTOS xenograft-bearing mice, a model that retains the properties of the patient tumor. Non-invasive targeting of HER3 by antibodies is feasible, and it is expected to be useful for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Sub category : Coronary Heart Disease Angina and Future Cardiovascular Events in Stable Patients with Coronary Artery Disease : Insights from the REACH registry

Background: The extent to which angina is associated with future cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has long been debated. Methods and Results: Included were outpatients with established CAD who were enrolled in the REACH registry and were followed for 4 years. Angina at baseline was defined as necessitating episodic or permanent anti ginal treatment. The primary endpoint was th e composite of CV death, myocardial infarction ( MI), or stroke. Secondary endpoints included heart failure (HF), CV hospitalizations , and coronary revascularization. The independent association between angina and first/total events was examined using Cox and logistic regression models. Out of 26, 159 patients with established CAD , 13,619 (52%) had angina at baseline. Compared with patients without angina, patients with angina were more likely to be older, female, had more HF, and polyvascular disease (P<0.001 for each). Compared with patients without angina, patients with angina had higher rates of first primary endpoint event (14.2% vs. 16.3%, unadjusted HR 1.19, CI 1.11-1.27, P<0.001; adjusted HR 1.06, CI 0.99-1.14, P=0.11), and total primary endpoint events (adjusted RR 1.08, CI 1.01-1.16, P=0.03). P atients with angina A u th o r M a n u s c ri p t
On cost-aware biased respondent group selection for minority opinion survey

This paper discusses a new approach to use a specially constructed social relation graph with high homophily to select a survey respondent group under a limited budget such that the result of the survey is biased to the minority opinions. This approach has a wide range of potential applications, e.g., collecting diversified complaints from the customers while most of them are satisfied, but is hardly investigated. We formulate the problem of computing such a group as the p-biased-representative selection problem (p-BRSP), where p represents the size of the group constraint by the available budget. This problem has two independent optimization goals and therefore is difficult to deal with. We introduce two polynomial time algorithms for the problem, where each of which has an approximation ratio with respect to each of the objectives when the other optimization objective is substituted with a constraint. Under the substituted constraint, we prove that the first algorithm is an O(lnΔ)-approximation (which i.
A Data Mining Approach to Choosing Categorical Attributes for Ranked Lists

This work proposes and evaluates a novel approach to determine interesting category for ranked lists using ν-SVM. We identify three characteristics (features), entropy, unlikability, and peculiarity and show how to train a classifier on these features using a set of Wikipedia tables. The learned model is evaluated by relevance assessments obtained through a user study, reflecting the correctness of our approach.
Diurnal changes of heart rate and sympatho-vagal activity for temporal patterns of transient ischemia

Using all 86 records of the long-term ST database we studied diurnal variations of ischemia and heart rate among patients exhibiting different temporal patterns of ischemia: salvo, periodic and sporadic pattern. The results show, that the incidence of ischemia increases during the morning interval. The decrease of sympathetic and vagal activity during ischemia is the most prominent for the sporadic group, while for the salvo group only minor changes were observed. The results support our hypothesis, that there are at least two distinct populations which differ according to mechanisms and temporal patterns of ischemia
p-cresol but not p-cresyl sulfate stimulate MCP-1 production via NF-κB p65 in human vascular smooth muscle cells.

INTRODUCTION p-cresol (PC) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are responsible for many of the uremia clinical consequences, such as atherosclerosis in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. OBJECTIVES We investigate the in vitro impact of PC and PCS on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression via NF-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in VSMC. METHODS PCS was synthesized by PC sulfatation. VSMC were extracted by enzymatic digestion of umbilical cord vein and characterized by immunofluorescence against α-actin antibody. The cells were treated with PC and PCS at their normal (n), uremic (u) and maximum uremic concentrations (m). Cell viability was assessed by MTT. MCP-1 expression was investigated by ELISA in cells supernatants after toxins treatment with or without the NF-κB p65 inhibitor. RESULTS There was no significant difference in cell viability after toxins treatment for all concentrations tested. There was a significant increase in MCP-1 expression in cells treated with PCu and PCm (p < 0.001) and PCSn, PCSu and PCSm (p < 0.001), compared with the control. When VSMC were treated with the NF-κB p65 inhibitor plus PCu and PCm, there was a significant decrease in MCP-1 production (p < 0.005). This effect was not observed with PCS. CONCLUSIONS VSMC are involved in atherosclerosis lesion formation and production of MCP-1, which contributes to the inflammatory response initiation. Our results suggest that PC mediates MCP-1 production in VSMC, probably through NF-κB p65 pathway, although we hypothesize that PCS acts through a different subunit pathway since NF-κB p65 inhibitor was not able to inhibit MCP-1 production.
Empowerment amongst teachers holding leadership positions

This study used semi-structured in-depth interviews to explore empowerment patterns among teachers who hold leadership positions in school. Our qualitative analysis presents a hierarchical ladder with three types of empowerment amongst these teachers, ranging from limited empowerment through rewarding empowerment to change-enhancing empowerment. The level of empowerment seems to be related to the leadership position which the teachers hold and to their perception of the position. Our results contribute to the theoretical understanding of empowerment as a complex construct that affects the career characteristics of the teacher, ranging from limited impact of the leadership position to a powerful effect on the organizational culture. We also suggest that this model has practical implications on the way principals can evaluate their teachers’ empowerment patterns and accordingly assist their development toward change-enhancing empowerment.
Systematic abstraction of abstract machines

Abstract We describe a derivational approach to abstract interpretation that yields novel and transparently sound static analyses when applied to well-established abstract machines for higher-order and imperative programming languages. To demonstrate the technique and support our claim, we transform the CEK machine of Felleisen and Friedman (Proc. of the 14th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN Symp. Prin. Program. Langs, 1987, pp. 314–325), a lazy variant of Krivine's machine (Higher-Order Symb. Comput. Vol 20, 2007, pp. 199–207), and the stack-inspecting CM machine of Clements and Felleisen (ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. Vol 26, 2004, pp. 1029–1052) into abstract interpretations of themselves. The resulting analyses bound temporal ordering of program events; predict return-flow and stack-inspection behavior; and approximate the flow and evaluation of by-need parameters. For all of these machines, we find that a series of well-known concrete machine refactorings, plus a technique of store-allocated continuations, leads to machines that abstract into static analyses simply by bounding their stores. These machines are parameterized by allocation functions that tune performance and precision and substantially expand the space of analyses that this framework can represent. We demonstrate that the technique scales up uniformly to allow static analysis of realistic language features, including tail calls, conditionals, mutation, exceptions, first-class continuations, and even garbage collection. In order to close the gap between formalism and implementation, we provide translations of the mathematics as running Haskell code for the initial development of our method.
Alteration of Mesodermal Cell Differentiation by EWS/FLI-1, the Oncogene Implicated in Ewing's Sarcoma

ABSTRACT The chimeric fusion gene EWS/FLI-1 is detected in most cases of Ewing's sarcoma (ES), the second most common malignant bone tumor of childhood. Although 80% of ES tumors develop in skeletal sites, the remainder can arise in almost any soft tissue location. The lineage of the cell developing the EWS/FLI-1 gene fusion has not been fully characterized but is generally considered to be of either mesenchymal or neural crest origin. To study this oncogene in a conceptually relevant target cell, EWS/FLI-1 was introduced into the murine cell line C2C12, a myoblast cell line capable of differentiation into muscle, bone, or fat. In this cellular context, EWS/FLI-1 profoundly inhibited the myogenic differentiation program. The block in C2C12 myogenic differentiation required the nuclear localization and DNA-binding functions of EWS/FLI-1 and was mediated by transcriptional and posttranscriptional suppression of the myogenic transcription factors MyoD and myogenin. Interestingly, C2C12-EWS/FLI-1 cells constitutively expressed alkaline phosphatase, a bone lineage marker, and were alkaline phosphatase positive by histochemistry but showed no other evidence of bone lineage commitment. Consistent with recent findings in human ES tumor cell lines, C2C12-EWS/FLI-1 cells constitutively expressed cyclin D1 and demonstrated decreased expression of the cell cycle regulator p21cip1, even under differentiation conditions and at confluent density. This C2C12-EWS/FLI-1 cell model may assist in the identification of novel differentially expressed genes relevant to ES and provide further insight into the cell(s) of origin developing ES-associated genetic fusions.
A MULTIGRID APPROACH TO SDP RELAXATIONS OF SPARSE

We propose a multigrid approach for the global optimization of a class of polynomial opti4 mization problems with sparse support. The problems we consider arise from the discretization of infinite 5 dimensional optimization problems, such as PDE optimization problems, boundary value problems and some 6 global optimization applications. In many of these applications, the level of discretization can be used to obtain 7 a hierarchy of optimization models that captures the underlying infinite dimensional problem at different degrees 8 of fidelity. This approach, inspired by multigrid methods, has been successfully used for decades to solve large 9 systems of linear equations. However, it has not been adapted to SDP relaxations of polynomial optimization 10 problems. The main difficulty is that the geometric information between grids is lost when the original problem 11 is approximated via an SDP relaxation. Despite the loss of geometric information, we show how a multigrid 12 approach can be applied by developing prolongation operators to relate the primal and dual variables of the SDP 13 relaxation between lower and higher levels in the hierarchy of discretizations. We develop sufficient conditions 14 for the operators to be useful in applications. Our conditions are easy to verify in practice, and we discuss how 15 they can be used to reduce the complexity of infeasible interior point methods. Our preliminary results highlight 16 two promising advantages of following a multigrid approach in contrast with a pure interior point method: the 17 percentage of problems that can be solved to a high accuracy is much higher, and the time necessary to find a 18 solution can be reduced significantly, especially for large scale problems. 19
THE STAR FORMATION HISTORIES OF z ∼ 2 DUST-OBSCURED GALAXIES AND SUBMILLIMETER-SELECTED GALAXIES

The Spitzer Space Telescope has identified a population of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) at z ∼ 2 that may play an important role in the evolution of massive galaxies. We measure the stellar masses (M*) of two populations of Spitzer-selected ULIRGs that have extremely red R − [24] colors (dust-obscured galaxies, or DOGs) and compare our results with submillimeter-selected galaxies (SMGs). One set of 39 DOGs has a local maximum in their mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral energy distribution (SED) at rest frame 1.6 μm associated with stellar emission (“bump DOGs”), while the other set of 51 DOGs have power-law mid-IR SEDs that are typical of obscured active galactic nuclei (“power-law DOGs”). We measure M* by applying Charlot & Bruzual stellar population synthesis models to broadband photometry in the rest-frame ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared of each of these populations. Assuming a simple stellar population and a Chabrier initial mass function, we find that power-law DOGs and bump DOGs are on average a factor of 2 and 1.5 more massive than SMGs, respectively (median and inter-quartile M* values for SMGs, bump DOGs, and power-law DOGs are log(M*/M☉) = 10.42+0.42 − 0.36, 10.62+0.36 − 0.32, and 10.71+0.40 − 0.34, respectively). More realistic star formation histories drawn from two competing theories for the nature of ULIRGs at z ∼ 2 (major merger versus smooth accretion) can increase these mass estimates by up to 0.5 dex. A comparison of our stellar masses with the instantaneous star formation rate (SFR) in these z ∼ 2 ULIRGs provides a preliminary indication supporting high SFRs for a given M*, a situation that arises more naturally in major mergers than in smooth accretion-powered systems.
Appraisal of gene action for indeterminate growth in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

In order to investigate the inheritance pattern of indeterminate growth in Vigna radiata, various related traits were studied. The techniques used for the purpose were generation mean and variance analyses. Narrow sense heritability estimates were also computed. Four out of fifty greengram accessions were selected during preliminary screen trial based on DDd2 and DDh2 values. Two cross combinations were made by utilizing four parents. Generation variance analysis demonstrated the engagement of additive and environmental components, with the pre-pondrance of additive gene action. Narrow sense heritability estimates (>67%) also supported the same. In generation mean analysis both cross combinations manifested non-allelic epistatic digenic interactions for the investigated traits except for plant height at first flower initiation and for seed yield per plant in one cross combination, where only additive and dominance components were important. For pyramiding the additive genes favoring determinate plant growth, higher harvest index and simultaneously purging the genes promoting twining growth habit escorted with low seed yield, any modified breeding scheme which could serve the said purpose may be opted.
Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1): Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis

Human T lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) are complex deltaretroviruses that do not contain a proto-oncogene in their genome, yet are capable of transforming primary T lymphocytes both in vitro and in vivo. There are four known strains of HTLV including HTLV type 1 (HTLV-1), HTLV-2, HTLV-3 and HTLV-4. HTLV-1 is primarily associated with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-2 is rarely pathogenic and is sporadically associated with neurological disorders. There have been no diseases associated with HTLV-3 or HTLV-4 to date. Due to the difference in the disease manifestation between HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, a clear understanding of their individual pathobiologies and the role of various viral proteins in transformation should provide insights into better prognosis and prevention strategies. In this review, we aim to summarize the data accumulated so far in the transformation and pathogenesis of HTLV-1, focusing on the viral Tax and HBZ and citing appropriate comparisons to HTLV-2.
Kappa : Insights , Current Status and Future Work 1 Extended abstract presented at IWACO ’ 16

KAPPA is a type system for safe concurrent object-oriented programming using reference capabilities. It uses a combination of static and dynamic techniques to guarantee data-race freedom, and, for a certain subset of the system, non-interference (and thereby deterministic parallelism). It combines many features from previous work on alias management, such as substructural types, regions, ownership types, and fractional permissions, and brings them together using a unified set of primitives. In this extended abstract we show how KAPPA’s capabilities express variations of the aforementioned concepts, discuss the main insights from working with KAPPA, present the current status of the implementation of KAPPA in the context of the actor language Encore, and discuss ongoing and future work.
SPACETIME CONSTRAINTS FOR BIOMECHANICAL MOVEMENTS

To better understand human movements, biomechanical models must be developed that accurately describe human physiology and control strategies. Typically, biomechanical models must be adapted or hand tuned to study the countless unique users and tasks caused by human diversity and pathologic movement dysfunctions. The convergence of optimization theories, biomechanical models, and computational systems promises to alleviate these manual processes. We describe a computational technique called spacetime constraints that can be used to automatically solve for both optimal movement trajectories and joint activation torques as befitting the subject, environmental constraints, and objectives. We demonstrate the success of this technique on bipedal downhill walking by comparing our results to optimal movements and joint torques published in the literature. With this contribution to computational biomechanics, we outline a modeling framework that uses easily configurable physical models, constraints, and objective functions to determine movements and control actions.
Attitude toward the disclosure of self‐attributions and the complexity of interpersonal constructs

The relationship between one's attitude toward self‐disclosure in interaction and the complexity of his system of dimensions for construing the behavior and character of others was examined within a cognitive‐developmental framework in which development was hypothesized to be a function of the range and intensity of one's social experiences. Significant correlations involving three indices of construct usage reflecting the differentiation and integration of the motivational constructs in a perceiver's cognitive system suggest that it is one's motivational constructs which are elaborated through self‐disclosing interactions and which, in turn, allow for the formation of the kind of subjectivity satisfying impressions that favorably orient one toward the mutual disclosure of self‐attributions.
The Effect of Computation and Feedback Delay on the Capacity of Multiuser MIMO Systems in a Small Outdoor Cell

This paper examines how the capacity of three multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) algorithms is affected by a delay in computing and feeding back the transmit (and receive) weighting matrices used by the algorithms. Iterative schemes determining transmit weights that achieve the system-wide Nash equilibrium (NE) or block-diagonalization (BD) of the overall system channel matrix are compared as is a scheme applying successive diagonalization (SD) among users. The NE is found to be far the most robust to out-of-date channel information, whilst SD is found to suffer badly at even the shortest delay considered here (about 0.9 ms); BD's losses vary over a wide range depending on the delay. For the two iterative algorithms we also examine the tradeoff between better convergence and less delay. In both cases, the loss in capacity for weaker convergence is very small, and so it is desirable to minimize the delay and thus the capacity loss caused by it
Discussions that work : task-centred fluency practice

Preface Part I. General Principles: 1. What is a discussion? 2. Some factors in a good discussion: topic, group-work, role-play 3. Giving the discussion a purpose: the task 4. Organization Part II. Practical Examples: 5. Introduction 6. Brainstorming activities 7. Organizing activities 8. Compound activities Bibliography Index.
SALIC: Social Active Learning for Image Classification

In this paper, we present SALIC, an active learning method for selecting the most appropriate user tagged images to expand the training set of a binary classifier. The process of active learning can be fully automated in this social context by replacing the human oracle with the images' tags. However, their noisy nature adds further complexity to the sample selection process since, apart from the images' informativeness (i.e., how much they are expected to inform the classifier if we knew their label), our confidence about their actual label should also be maximized (i.e., how certain the oracle is on the images' true contents). The main contribution of this work is in proposing a probabilistic approach for jointly maximizing the two aforementioned quantities. In the examined noisy context, the oracle's confidence is necessary to provide a contextual-based indication of the images' true contents, while the samples' informativeness is required to reduce the computational complexity and minimize the mistakes of the unreliable oracle. To prove this, first, we show that SALIC allows us to select training data as effectively as typical active learning, without the cost of manual annotation. Finally, we argue that the speed-up achieved when learning actively in this social context (where labels can be obtained without the cost of human annotation) is necessary to cope with the continuously growing requirements of large-scale applications. In this respect, we demonstrate that SALIC requires ten times less training data in order to reach the same performance as a straightforward informativeness-agnostic learning approach.