Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal study of engineering students’ approaches to their studies

This longitudinal study draws on data from a larger project and examines how students’ perceptions of their opportunities to influence their study environment may be enacted in approaches aimed at influencing their studies, and whether this changes during the course of their studies. Ten students from a 4.5‐year Master’s programme in Engineering were studied throughout their education by means of semi‐structured in‐depth interviews, which were analysed thematically. The results indicate that students’ perceptions of their study environment were enacted in three approaches aimed at influencing their study environment: (i) to adapt to the environment and to study alone; (ii) to try to change the programme, to create an individual curriculum and to interact with teachers; and (iii) to cooperate with their peers. The thematic analysis suggests that students’ perceptions of their study environment were enacted in the different approaches and that these changed along with external demands in the programme.
Immuno-Detection by sequencing (ID-seq) enables large-scale high-dimensional phenotyping in cells

Cell-based small molecule screening is an effective strategy leading to new medicines. Scientists in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in academia have made tremendous progress in developing both large-scale and smaller-scale screening assays. However, an accessible and universal technology for measuring large numbers of molecular and cellular phenotypes in many samples in parallel is not available. Here, we present the Immuno-Detection by sequencing (ID-seq) technology that combines antibody-based protein detection and DNA-sequencing via DNA-tagged antibodies. We used ID-seq to simultaneously measure 84 (phospho-)proteins in hundreds of samples and screen the effects of ~300 kinase inhibitor probes on primary human epidermal stem cells to characterise the role of 225 kinases. Our work highlighted a previously unrecognized downregulation of mTOR signaling during differentiation and uncovered 13 kinases regulating epidermal renewal through distinct mechanisms.
Actin‐capping protein is involved in controlling organization of actin cytoskeleton together with ADF/cofilin, profilin and F‐actin crosslinking proteins in fission yeast

Actin‐capping protein (CP) is a heterodimeric protein which is expressed in various eukaryotic cells. CP binds to the barbed end of the actin filaments in vitro and inhibits both the association and dissociation of actin monomers at this end. However, the cellular role of CP has not been uncovered. Here we investigated the function of CP in fission yeast cells. The fission yeast CP is composed of Acp1 and Acp2. It was found that Acp2 accumulated as cortical dots at the cell ends during interphase and the mid‐region of mitotic cells, which disappeared in the absence of Acp1 or F‐actin. Acp1 and Acp2, when co‐over‐expressed, decreased F‐actin structures in cells, and cytokinesis was often interrupted in these cells. On the other hand, disruption of one of the CP genes affected the distribution of F‐actin patches at cell ends and decreased the rate of actin depolymerization in vivo. Moreover, genetic analysis showed that CP controls actin dynamics together with ADF/cofilin and profilin. In addition, CP is likely involved in assembling the F‐actin contractile ring and F‐actin patch with F‐actin‐crosslinking proteins.
THE SANDWICHED GENERATION: MULTIPLE CAREGIVING RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE MISMATCH BETWEEN ACTUAL AND PREFERRED WORK HOURS

We examine the intersection of the “Overworked American” and the “Sandwiched Generation. ” Recent studies indicate that many U.S. workers would prefer to work shorter hours. For workers who are sandwiched between childcare and eldercare or who expect to be in the future, questions remain about work hour preferences. We use a representative sample and distinguish between currently sandwiched workers and those who expect to be in five years. The proportion of workers who are currently sandwiched has increased from 1992 to 2002. Further, workers who expect to be sandwiched are less likely to want to reduce their workweek hours than others.
Purinergic neuromuscular transmission in the gastrointestinal tract; functional basis for future clinical and pharmacological studies

Nerve‐mediated relaxation is necessary for the correct accomplishment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility. In the GI tract, NO and a purine are probably released by the same inhibitory motor neuron as inhibitory co‐transmitters. The P2Y1 receptor has been recently identified as the receptor responsible for purinergic smooth muscle hyperpolarization and relaxation in the human gut. This finding has been confirmed in P2Y1‐deficient mice where purinergic neurotransmission is absent and transit time impaired. However, the mechanisms responsible for nerve‐mediated relaxation, including the identification of the purinergic neurotransmitter(s) itself, are still debatable. Possibly different mechanisms of nerve‐mediated relaxation are present in the GI tract. Functional demonstration of purinergic neuromuscular transmission has not been correlated with structural studies. Labelling of purinergic neurons is still experimental and is not performed in routine pathology studies from human samples, even when possible neuromuscular impairment is suspected. Accordingly, the contribution of purinergic neurotransmission in neuromuscular diseases affecting GI motility is not known. In this review, we have focused on the physiological mechanisms responsible for nerve‐mediated purinergic relaxation providing the functional basis for possible future clinical and pharmacological studies on GI motility targeting purine receptors.
Autophagy Controls p38 Activation to Promote Cell Survival under Genotoxic Stress*

Background: The role of autophagy in genotoxic stress remains poorly understood. Results: Autophagy deficiency sensitizes cells to UVB-induced apoptosis through p62-dependent p38 activation. Conclusion: Inhibition of autophagy promotes apoptosis following UVB damage by increasing p38 activation. Significance: These findings identify the vital role of autophagy in cell survival under genotoxic stress and suggest the function of autophagy in cancer pathogenesis. Deregulated cell survival under carcinogen-induced genotoxic stress is vital for cancer development. One of the cellular processes critical for cell survival under metabolic stress and energy starvation is autophagy, a catabolic process involved in capture and delivery of cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation. However, the role of autophagy following carcinogen-induced genotoxic stress remains unclear. Here we show that UVB radiation, a known human skin carcinogen that operates by causing DNA damage, induced autophagy and autophagic flux through AMP kinase activation. Autophagy deficiency sensitizes cells to UVB-induced apoptosis through increasing p62-dependent activation of the stress-activated protein kinase p38. Compared with normal human skin, autophagy was activated in human squamous cell carcinomas, in association with decreased phosphorylation of p38, and increased phosphorylation of ATR and formation of γ-H2AX, two markers of DNA damage response. Our results demonstrate that autophagy promotes cell survival through suppressing p62-mediated p38 activation and thus may facilitate tumor development under genotoxic stress. These findings suggest that autophagy plays an oncogenic role in epithelial carcinogenesis by promoting cell survival.
An Empirical Study of Corpus-Based Response Automation Methods for an E-mail-Based Help-Desk Domain

Abstract This article presents an investigation of corpus-based methods for the automation of help-desk e-mail responses. Specifically, we investigate this problem along two operational dimensions: (1) information-gathering technique, and (2) granularity of the information. We consider two information-gathering techniques (retrieval and prediction) applied to information represented at two levels of granularity (document-level and sentence-level). Document-level methods correspond to the reuse of an existing response e-mail to address new requests. Sentence-level methods correspond to applying extractive multi-document summarization techniques to collate units of information from more than one e-mail. Evaluation of the performance of the different methods shows that in combination they are able to successfully automate the generation of responses for a substantial portion of e-mail requests in our corpus. We also investigate a meta-selection process that learns to choose one method to address a new inquiry e-mail, thus providing a unified response automation solution.
Using an action learning set (ALS) to support the nurse and allied health professional consultant role

Advanced clinical practice roles are now an integral feature of many healthcare services and have been adopted in a diversity of areas. However, mentoring of these roles is not well documented in the literature and formal mechanisms of support are limited. An action learning set (ALS) was developed to provide support for consultants currently in post. The purpose was to facilitate clinicians in developing and meeting the demands of these posts by providing peer supervision, identifying strategies for leading service developments, providing a focus for problem solving and reflection. The ALS meets bi-monthly and is externally facilitated with the option to attend individual sessions with the facilitator. Participants also completed questionnaires measuring coping skills and stress, which were fed back in the individual sessions, providing opportunity for further opportunities for reflection. Initial evaluation was conducted formally using a structured questionnaire and reflective accounts, and provided evidence of the value of the ALS and an indication of how the criteria for success were being met, with greatest achievement reported in the area of work–life balance. The evaluation demonstrates the ongoing value of this ALS and the effectiveness of this method of supporting senior clinical staff.
Adapting Standard NLP Tools and Resources to the Processing of Ritual Descriptions

In this paper we investigate the use of standard natural language processing (NLP) tools and annotation methods for processing linguistic data from ritual science. The work is embedded in an interdisciplinary project that addresses the study of the structure and variance of rituals, as investigated in ritual science, under a new perspective: by applying empirical and quantitative computational linguistic analysis techniques to ritual descriptions. We present motivation and prospects of such a computational approach to ritual structure research and sketch the overall project research plan. In particular, we motivate the choice of frame semantics as a theoretical framework for the structural analysis of rituals. We discuss the special characteristics of the textual data and especially focus on the question of how standard NLP methods, resources and tools can be adapted to the new domain.
Image- and Robot-Based Distance and Area Measuring Method

The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative method to record traffic accidents by using small remote-controlled robots as the distance-measuring devices. Bluetooth wireless modules are also combined for remote control and data communication. Unlike traditional methods using a ruler or measuring tape as a distance-measuring device, this technological development allows remote-controlled robots to perform rapid distance measurement. Thus, it is possible to provide valuable data for review of traffic accidents or identification of responsibility. This measuring system offers an easy and fast solution that can be used to measure irregular distances and calculate actual area with improved accuracy.
Differential Assembly of Cytoskeletal and Sarcomeric Actins in Developing Skeletal Muscle Cells In Vitro

Abstract Monoclonal antibodies (McAb) to actin were prepared to analyze the assembly of actin isoforms in developing muscle cells in vitro. One of the antibodies (SkA-06) was specific for &agr;-sarcomeric actin isoforms in skeletal and cardiac muscles, while the others recognized cytoskeletal (&bgr;, &ggr;) actin isoforms in smooth muscle and non-muscle tissues as well as the sarcomeric (&agr;) actins. Using SkA-06 and a polyclonal antibody (PcAb) specific for cytoskeletal actins, the subcellular localization of the actin isoforms was examined by immunocytochemical methods. While in developing young myotubes, cytoskeletal and sarcomeric actins were co-localized in nascent myofibrils or stress-fiber-like structures, sarcomeric actins predominated in striated myofibrils in more developed myotubes. When FITC-labeled cytoskeletal and sarcomeric actins were introduced into young myotubes by a microinjection method, the latter became detectable in striated structures sooner than the former but they were finally incorporated into striated myofibrils. These results suggest that &agr;-actin(s) as well as &bgr;- and &ggr;-actins can be incorporated into myofibrils, but &agr;-actin(s) is assembled preferentially into myofibrils in developing muscle cells.
Directed graph-based wireless EEG sensor channel selection approach for cognitive task classification

Wireless electroencephalogram (EEG) sensors have been successfully applied in many medical and computer brain interface classifications. A common characteristic of wireless EEG sensors is that they are low powered devices, and hence an efficient usage of sensor energy resources is critical for any practical application. One way of minimizing energy consumption by the EEG sensors is by reducing the number of EEG channels participating in the classification process. For the purpose of classifying EEG signals, we propose a directed acyclic graph (DAG)-based channel selection algorithm. To achieve this objective, the EEG sensor channels are first realized in a complete undirected graph, where each channel is represented by a node. An edge between any two nodes indicates the collaboration between these nodes in identifying the system state; and the significance of this collaboration is quantified by a weight assigned to the edge. The complete graph is then reduced into a directed acyclic graph that encodes the knowledge of the non-increasing order of the channel ranking for each cognitive task. The channel selection algorithm utilizes this directed graph to find a maximum path such that the total weight of this path satisfies a predefined threshold. It has been demonstrated experimentally that channel utilization has been reduced by 50% in the worst case scenario for a three-state system and an EEG sensor with 14 channels; and the best classification accuracy obtained is 81%.
The first complete mitochondrial genome of the Maylandia zebra

Abstract Maylandia zebra, a member of the family cichlid living in individual African lakes, are regarded as a significant evolution model. Recently the genome sequencing had been done, but there is no sufficient information about its mitochondria. Herein, we first assembled the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Maylandia zebra. It is a 16 582 bp long sequence with most mitogenome’s characteristic structure, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 1 putative control region. The GC-content of our fresh sequence is 45.86%, similar to closely related species Oreochromis niloticus. The accuracy and utility of new determined mitogenome sequences can be verified by the phylogenetic analysis, based on whole mitogenome alignment with Neolamprologus brichardi, Pseudotropheus crabro, Oreochromis niloticu, which is closest relative to Maylandia zebra, and 6 others. Using the full mitogenome, we expect to address taxonomic issues and study the related evolution events. Moreover, this is the first report of the mitogenome of genus Maylandia.
Diagnostic dilemma in female genital tuberculosis- staining techniques revisited

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing public health concern worldwide. On a global scale it has a devastating impact in developing nations. Genital TB, an extrapulmonary form, is not uncommon particularly in areas where pulmonary TB is prevalent. Genital TB may be asymptomatic or may even masquerade as other gynaecological conditions; hence, diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion and the use of appropriate investigations. Objective: This study attempted to identify endometrial TB in endometrial biopsies taken from women evaluated for infertility by comparison of various staining techniques. Materials and Methods: A comparative cross sectional study was conducted from February 2011 to April 2011 in Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi. Endometrial biopsy specimens from 55 endometrial TB suspects were stained for acid fast bacilli by Ziehl Neelson staining and Gabbet staining. The biopsy samples were also subjected to Auramine Phenol fluroscent staining and H and E staining. Culture on Lowenstein Jensen medium was taken as the gold standard. Results: Three samples were culture positive giving positivity rate of 5.4%. Considering culture as the gold standard the senstivities of ZN, Gabbet, fluorescent and H and E staining were 33, 33, 66, and 66% respectively while their specificities were 100, 100, 98, and100% respectively. Conclusion: Combination of fluorescent staining techniques along with one of the acid fast staining techniques or histopathology achieves sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis. There is an urgent need for developing definitive diagnostic methods to make a conclusive diagnosis of genital TB.
Neural Correlates of Attention to Human-Made Sounds: An ERP Study

Previous neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies have suggested that human made sounds are processed differently from non-human made sounds. Multiple groups have suggested that voices might be processed as “special,” much like faces. Although previous literature has explored neural correlates of voice perception under varying task demands, few studies have examined electrophysiological correlates of attention while directly comparing human made and non-human made sounds. In the present study, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to compare attention to human versus non-human made sounds in an oddball paradigm. ERP components of interest were the P300, and fronto-temporal positivity to voices (FTVP), which has been reported in previous investigations of voice versus non-voice stimuli. We found that participants who heard human made sounds as “target” or infrequent stimuli had significantly larger FTPV amplitude, shorter FTPV latency, and larger P300 amplitude than those who heard non-human sounds as “target” stimuli. Our results are in concordance with previous findings that human-made and non-human made sounds are processed differently, and expand upon previous literature by demonstrating increased attention to human versus non-human made sounds, even when the non-human made sounds are ones that require immediate attention in daily life (e.g. a car horn). Heightened attention to human-made sounds is important theoretically and has potential for application in tests of social interest in populations with autism.
A Study on Transport Framework for Transaction Communication with Network Aggressive Supporting

In the today's Internet, the transaction communication such as web has become the most popular application. However, the current TCP is not efficient for the transaction communication because of the increase of the latency caused by two control overheads at the beginning of the end-to-end communication: the 3-way handshake and the slow start phase in the congestion control. Therefore, to reduce the latency caused by these overheads, I propose a new tranport framework for the transaction communication. Since only end nodes cannot omit these overheads, this framework employs router aggressive supports including the notification of the proper size of sending rate and the connection state management. In this paper, I describe my ideas and related research plan.
Resume Preferences

This study examines the resume preferences of 523 recreation and leisure service professionals who interview and hire entry-level recreation professionals. Findings from this study support the fact that different occupations and disciplines require different approaches on how resume content information is presented. In the recreation and leisure services field, the job objective, grades, length, inclusion of references, and general resume design and format are different than other fields. A model resume for a business position, for example, may be of little value for individuals seeking employment in recreation and leisure service agencies. These applicants should not attempt to follow the resume requirements of other occupations. Resume content should be tailored to the preferences of the administrators reviewing the resumes and making the hiring decisions, regardless of the setting.
Taking Teacher Responsibility Into Account(ability): Explicating Its Multiple Components and Theoretical Status

Accountability systems have important implications for schooling. Missing from discussions about their implementation, however, are ways they affect teacher responsibility. Responsibility has been insufficiently explicated in the education literature, including its impact on teacher motivation, emotion, and behavior. We propose that a multidimensional approach is required to capture the complexity of teacher responsibility and describe the extensive connections between teacher responsibility and existing psychological frameworks. Directions for future research and implications for teachers’ professional lives are discussed.
Reaching asymptotic efficient performance for squared processing of range and range difference localizations in the presence of sensor position errors

Computationally efficient source location solutions from TOAs or TDOAs require the squaring of the measurements before optimization. The squaring operation changes the characteristics of the measurements and causes degradation in the localization accuracy, unless proper weightings are applied when forming the cost function for minimization. The previously developed weighting values are useful for measurements with accurate sensor positions only. This paper extends the study and derives the weightings when the sensor position uncertainties are present such as in sensor networks. The resultant cost functions for TOA and TDOA positionings are analyzed and the performance accuracy is shown to attain the CRLB asymptotically under Gaussian noise. Simulations validate the performance of the new cost functions and the theoretical investigations.
The emergence of enterovirus D68 in England in autumn 2014 and the necessity for reinforcing enterovirus respiratory screening

SUMMARY In autumn 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) cases presenting with severe respiratory or neurological disease were described in countries worldwide. To describe the epidemiology and virological characteristics of EV-D68 in England, we collected clinical information on laboratory-confirmed EV-D68 cases detected in secondary care (hospitals), between September 2014 and January 2015. In primary care (general practitioners), respiratory swabs collected (September 2013–January 2015) from patients presenting with influenza-like illness were tested for EV-D68. In secondary care 55 EV-D68 cases were detected. Among those, 45 cases had clinical information available and 89% (40/45) presented with severe respiratory symptoms. Detection of EV-D68 among patients in primary care increased from 0.4% (4/1074; 95% CI 0.1–1.0) (September 2013–January 2014) to 0.8% (11/1359; 95% CI 0.4–1.5) (September 2014–January 2015). Characterization of EV-D68 strains circulating in England since 2012 and up to winter 2014/2015 indicated that those strains were genetically similar to those detected in 2014 in USA. We recommend reinforcing enterovirus surveillance through screening respiratory samples of suspected cases.