Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Very Fast Multi Channel B 1 Calibration at High Field in the Small Flip Angle Regime

Transmit SENSE. For this purpose, an ROI was drawn in the occipital lobe (white ROI Fig3) and two B1 Phase Shim solutions were calculated and applied in order to obtain an homogeneous B1 magnitude within this ROI: one based on the estimated B1 maps, another one based on the measured B1 maps. As can be seen in Fig3 (in degrees), both B1 Shim sets produced tremendous improvement in B1 efficiency and B1 homogeneity (the same RF power was used for the 3 AFI B1 maps, nominal flip angle 70°. Only B1 Phases were adjusted with B1 Shim). The mean flip angle [+/-std] rose from 40° [+/-6.9] in Fig4A (before B1Shim) to 69° [6.0] in Fig4B (B1 Shim based on measured B1 maps) and 73° [7.9] in Fig4C (B1 Shim based on estimated B1 maps). Those estimated B1 maps should be compared to those in Fig.2C, obtained with a multichannel B1 mapping technique which does involve a large flip angle acquisition[1]. Even though these maps are not identical, they share very strong similarities and an interesting question is to determine whether those Very Fast Multi Channel B1 Calibration at High Field in the Small Flip Angle Regime
The activation of stereotypical knowledge

The effects of stereotypical knowledge on behaviors and beliefs have been widely examined in psychology. Early work examined the conscious, explicit expression of stereotypes. However, it has become increasingly difficult to use explicit tasks to measure stereotypical beliefs because participants often censor their beliefs so that their responses appear socially desirable. Implicit measures that indirectly measure stereotypical knowledge have recently been used as an alternative. The goal of the experiments presented in this dissertation was to assess the presence of stereotypical knowledge through an implicit measure of reading comprehension that does not reflect social desirability. Across several experiments, participants read passages in which it was likely that stereotypical knowledge would become activated. The goal of Experiments 1 and 3 was to test for activation of stereotypical knowledge. Participants read passages about protagonists described in situations in which stereotypical knowledge was likely to become activated. Following the descriptions, target sentences were presented that were either consistent or inconsistent with stereotypical knowledge assumed to be activated earlier in text. Reading times were slower on target sentences that contained information inconsistent with stereotypes compared to reading times on target sentences that contained information consistent with stereotypes. This suggests that stereotypical knowledge was activated and affected comprehension of inconsistent target sentences. In Experiments 2 and 4, a qualification sentence was added to the inconsistent elaboration section of the passages used in Experiments 1 and 3, respectively. This qualification served to explain why the protagonist would behave in a manner that was inconsistent with stereotypes. With the addition of the qualification sentence to the passages, the slowed reading times on target sentences found in Experiments 1 and 3 were eliminated. This result demonstrates that activation of stereotypical knowledge can be lessened over time and can generalize to explain how stereotypes change with experience. Results are discussed in terms of a cognitive perspective of knowledge activation in which stereotypical knowledge has no special status and becomes active under the same basic processes that govern any memory structure; that is, stereotypical information is activated due to low-level priming through a resonance process.
Near-field power transfer and backscattering communication to miniature RFID tag in 65 nm CMOS technology

This work introduces an inductive wireless power transfer (IWPT) and backscattering communication to an extremely small CMOS RFID tag with a size of 200 μm by 200 μm. This is the smallest RFID tag to date, with the passive area taken into account. DC power of 0.1 mW can be generated on-chip with 21 dBm source power at 2 GHz. An amplitude-shift keying (ASK) back-scattering communication link is demonstrated. The on-chip matching varactor is switched to maximize the distance between the two reflection (backscattering) coefficients. A directional coupler is used to suppress the Tx-to-Rx leakage and to extract the backward scattering wave. An 8-bit, 5-GS/s ADC can demodulate the 625kb/s backscattering signal.
The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Developmental Psychopathology: A Systematic Review on Early Psychosis, Autism, and ADHD

In this systematic review, we will consider and debate studies that have explored the effects of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in three major, and somehow related, developmental psychiatric disorders: Autism, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity disorder and Psychosis. The impact of ω-3 PUFAs on clinical symptoms and, if possible, brain trajectory in children and adolescents suffering from these illnesses will be reviewed and discussed, considering the biological plausibility of the effects of omega-3 fatty acids, together with their potential perspectives in the field. Heterogeneity in study designs will be discussed in the light of differences in results and interpretation of studies carried out so far.
O setor de internet no Brasil: uma análise da competição no mercado de acesso

O objetivo da dissertacao e o estudo da dinâmica da competicao no mercado de acesso do setor de internet brasileiro, por meio da aplicacao de metodologia de simulacao computacional agent-based do tipo History-friendly, a partir da abordagem da teoria dos sistemas complexos. O foco de pesquisa e a analise dos processos de organizacao e mudanca da estrutura do setor de internet e seu impacto na dinâmica competitiva interfirma no mercado de servico de acesso a internet, no periodo 1996-2010. A hipotese central e que caracteristicas especificas do ambiente institucional do setor foram determinantes sobre a dinâmica desses processos. O modelo de simulacao sera construido a partir da teoria evolucionaria neoschumpeteriana, somada aos atributos relevantes da teoria institucional contemporânea. Como sera demonstrado, os resultados empiricos nao sao adequadamente ex-plicados por cada uma dessas teorias, individualmente, nem tampouco pela Organizacao Industrial tradicional. A hipotese de trabalho e que a integracao de uma dupla perspectiva teorica, coevolucionaria, permitira o tratamento adequado dos fatos estilizados provenientes da analise empirica sobre o setor. Sera proposta solucao de modelagem para responder algumas das questoes relevantes sobre a dinâmica competitiva no mercado de acesso a inter-net. Espera-se que os resultados obtidos sejam relevantes para aumentar a compreensao sobre um importante setor no Brasil, a partir de uma abordagem inovadora. A pesquisa proposta pretende oferecer uma contribuicao aos estudos sobre dinâmica setorial e competicao em industrias diferenciadas, dentro da area de economia industrial. Abstract
Compounds in different aphasia categories: A study on picture naming

This study investigated the production of compounds in Italian-speaking patients affected by different aphasia categories (i.e., Broca's, Wernicke's, and anomic aphasia) in a confrontation naming task. Questions of theoretical interest concerning the processing of compounds within the framework of the “lemma theory” as well as the role of morphological productivity in compound processing are addressed. Results indicate that all persons with aphasia retain knowledge of the morphological status of words, even when they fail to retrieve the corresponding phonological form (the “compound effect”). A difference was found among aphasia categories in the type of errors produced (omission vs. substitution) and in the position (first or second) of these errors within the compound words. In Broca's aphasia, the first component is omitted more frequently than the second one, but only in verb–noun compounds. Anomic and Wernicke's aphasia, unlike in Broca's aphasia, seem to retain sensitivity to morphological productivity.
Sufentanil–medetomidine anaesthesia compared with fentanyl/fluanisone–midazolam is associated with fewer ventricular arrhythmias and death during experimental myocardial infarction in rats and limits infarct size following reperfusion

To improve infarct healing following myocardial infarction in humans, therapeutic interventions can be applied during the inflammatory response. Animal models are widely used to study this process. However, induction of MI in rodents is associated with high mortality due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) during coronary artery ligation. The anaesthetic agent used during the procedure appears to influence the frequency of this complication. In this retrospective study, the effect on ventricular arrhythmia incidence during ligation and infarct size following in vivo reperfusion of two anaesthetic regimens, sufentanil–medetomidine (SM) and fentanyl/fluanisone–midazolam (FFM) was evaluated in rats. Anaesthetics were administered subcutaneously using fentanyl/fluanisone (0.5 mL/kg) with midazolam (5 mg/kg) (FFM group, n = 48) or sufentanil (0.05 mg/kg) with medetomidine (0.15 mg/kg) (SM group, n = 47). The coronary artery was ligated for 40 min to induce MI. Heart rate and ventricular arrhythmias were recorded during ligation, and infarct size was measured via histochemistry after three days of reperfusion. In the SM group, heart rate and VF incidence were lower throughout the experiment compared with the FFM group (6% versus 30%) (P < 0.01). Fatal VF did not occur in the SM group whereas this occurred in 25% of the animals in the FFM group. Additionally, after three days of reperfusion, the infarcted area following SM anaesthesia was less than half as large as that following FFM anaesthesia (8.5 ± 6.4% versus 20.7 ± 5.6%) (P < 0.01). Therefore, to minimize the possibility of complications related to VF and acute death arising during ligation, SM anaesthesia is recommended for experimental MI in rats.
Derivation of an ambient water quality criterion for mercury: Taking account of site‐specific conditions

Mercury is considered to bea seriousr risk to wildlife. As a result, the Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative and others have developed ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) for the protection of wildlife. These AWQC have been controversial, however, because the AWQC were single values that did not account for site‐specific conditions, derivation of the AWQC relied on a single no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level, and the AWQC had an unknown level of conservatism because of reliance on both average and conservative assumptions and uncertainty factors. Rather than develop a single‐value AWQC for total mercury, we derived an AWQC model that explicitly incorporates factors controlling bioavailability, methylation rates, and bioaccumulation in the aquatic environment (e.g., pH, dissolved organic carbon). To derive our AWQC model, field data were collected from 31 lakes in Ontario and an additional 10 lakes in Nova Scotia (North America). In the field study, levels of total and methylmercury in water and fish as well as levels of key water quality variables were determined. We conducted multiple‐regression analysis to derive a model that estimates mercury levels in prey of mink. Mink are very sensitive to mercury exposure. An independent dataset consisting of 51 water bodies in the United States was then used to confirm the validity and robustness of the AWQC model. Next, we combined the results of chronic‐feeding studies with similar protocols and endpoints in a meta‐analysis to derive a dose–response curve for mink exposed to mercury in the diet. In the final step, we used a probabilistic risk model to estimate the concentrations of methylmercury in water that would lead to levels in fish sufficient for a 10% probability of exceeding the lethal dose affecting 5% of the mink population. The result is an AWQC equation for mercury for the protection of wildlife that can be used with a variety of site‐specific conditions.
Toward User Profile Representation in Adapted Mediation Systems

The amount of information offered by different software systems is growing exponentially and the need of personalized approaches for information access increases. This personalization aims to offer the user the pertinent information corresponding to his needs basing on his profile. For the same purpose, mediation systems have to identify user preferences in order to offer him the most relevant information . In this work we discuss different representations of user profile models designed for providing personalized information access in order to make a comparison and identify the most appropriate for our context in mediation systems.
Reduction of Infarct Size by the Therapeutic Protein TAT-Ndi1 In Vivo

Lethal myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury has been attributed in part to mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction (including damage to complex I) and the resultant excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Recent evidence has shown that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide–quinone internal oxidoreductase (Ndi1; the single-subunit protein that in yeast serves the analogous function as complex I), transduced by addition of the TAT-conjugated protein to culture media and perfusion buffer, can preserve mitochondrial function and attenuate I/R injury in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. However, this novel metabolic strategy to salvage ischemic-reperfused myocardium has not been tested in vivo. In this study, TAT-conjugated Ndi1 and placebo-control protein were synthesized using a cell-free system. Mitochondrial uptake and functionality of TAT-Ndi1 were demonstrated in mitochondrial preparations from rat hearts after intraperitoneal administration of the protein. Rats were randomized to receive either TAT-Ndi1 or placebo protein, and 2 hours later all animals underwent 45-minute coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Infarct size was delineated by tetrazolium staining and normalized to the volume of at-risk myocardium, with all analysis conducted in a blinded manner. Risk region was comparable in the 2 cohorts. Preischemic administration of TAT-Ndi1 was profoundly cardioprotective. These results demonstrate that it is possible to target therapeutic proteins to the mitochondrial matrix and that yeast Ndi1 can substitute for complex I to ameliorate I/R injury in the heart. Moreover, these data suggest that cell-permeable delivery of mitochondrial proteins may provide a novel molecular strategy to treat mitochondrial dysfunction in patients.
Differences in IGF-axis protein expression and survival among multiethnic breast cancer patients

There is limited knowledge about the biological basis of racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer outcomes. Aberrations in IGF signaling induced by obesity and other factors may contribute to these disparities. This study examines the expression profiles of the insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐axis proteins and the association with breast cancer survival across a multiethnic population. We examined the expression profiles of the IGF1, IGF1R, IGFBP2 (IGF‐binding proteins), and IGFBP3 proteins in breast tumor tissue and their relationships with all‐cause and breast cancer‐specific survival up to 17 years postdiagnosis in a multiethnic series of 358 patients in Hawaii, USA. Native Hawaiians, Caucasians, and Japanese were compared. Covariates included demographic and clinical factors and ER/PR/HER2 (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2) status. In Native Hawaiian patients, IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 expression were each independently associated with overall and breast cancer mortality (IGFB2: HRmort = 10.96, 95% CI: 2.18–55.19 and HRmort = 35.75, 95% CI: 3.64–350.95, respectively; IGFBP3: HRmort = 5.16, 95% CI: 1.27–20.94 and HRmort = 8.60, 95% CI: 1.84–40.15, respectively). IGF1R expression was also positively associated with all‐cause mortality in Native Hawaiians. No association of IGF‐axis protein expression and survival was observed in Japanese or Caucasian patients. The interaction of race/ethnicity and IGFBP3 expression on mortality risk was significant. IGF‐axis proteins may have variable influence on breast cancer progression across different racial/ethnic groups. Expression of binding proteins and receptors in breast tumors may influence survival in breast cancer patients by inducing aberrations in IGF signaling and/or through IGF‐independent mechanisms. Additional studies to evaluate the role of the IGF‐axis in breast cancer are critical to improve targeted breast cancer treatment strategies.
Deficiencies of World Wide Web Architecture Research Report

The World Wide Web is becoming global communication medium. However it was originally designed as a hyper-media system for static content. The original architecture of World Wide Web exhibits problems when applied to the current dynamic environment. This paper presents a model for describing human-computer interactions, which is used to define a new goals for World Wide Web architecture. The model and the definition of goals is used to evaluate current architecture of World Wide Web. Discovered inconsistencies and deficiencies of the architecture are described in detail. Identified problems originate from the vague meaning of WWW resource, the limited ability to express opinion about resource and to use such opinions to evaluate trustworthiness of information provided by the resource. The solution outline is provided is rough details, describing the conceptual ideas of one possible solution for described problems.
The sample complexity of agnostic learning with deterministic labels

We investigate agnostic learning when there is no noise in the labeling function, that is, the labels are deterministic . We show that in this setting, in contrast to the fully agnostic learning setting (with possibly noisy labeling functions), the sample complexity of learning a binary hypothesis class is not fully determined by the VC-dimension of the class. For any d , we present classes of VC-dimension d that are learnable from O ( d/(cid:15) ) many samples and classes that require samples of sizes Ω( d/(cid:15) 2 ) . Furthermore, we show that in this setting, there exist classes where ERM algorithms are not optimal: While the class can be learned with sample complexity O ( d/(cid:15) ) , the convergence rate of any ERM algo-rithm is only Ω( d/(cid:15) 2 ) . We introduce a new combinatorial parameter of a class of binary valued functions and show that it provides a full combinatorial characterization of the sample complexity of deterministic - label agnostic learning of a class.
Design of Robust Controller for Wind Turbines

To optimise the performance of the wind generation, wind turbines employ variable speed (VS) variable pitch (VP) control system. Wind turbine is a complex nonlinear mechanical system exposed to uncontrolled wind profiles. Due to this, dynamic and parametric uncertainties arise in the mathematical model of the wind turbines over different operating conditions. This makes the turbine controller design a challenging task. This paper addresses the problem of designing robust control system for wind turbines in the presence of uncertainties using Minimax LQG (linear quadratic gaussian) design methodology. Using this approach the parameter variations and the model uncertainties are represented using Integral Quadratic Constraints (IQCs). Controllers are synthesised using LMI approach. The designed controllers provide robust performance in the presence of the specified uncertainties. Controllers are designed for a test case system and simulation results are presented.
Haematological and biochemical reference intervals in adult Maine Coon cat blood donors

Objectives The objectives of this study were to derive Maine Coon haematological and biochemical reference intervals (RIs) from adult healthy blood donors, to validate (or reject) the use of published RIs for the general feline population in this breed, and to evaluate the effects of age, sex and weight on the haematological and biochemical results. Methods Haematological and biochemical data were retrieved retrospectively from a database of 81 healthy adult Maine Coon cat blood donors and were analysed to generate normal RIs. RIs were determined and compared with established non-breed-specific feline RIs according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and the American Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines using Reference Value-Advisor (version 2.1) software. Results The age of the cats ranged from 1–8 years (mean 4.4 years), 42 were female and 39 were male, and weights ranged from 4.9–8.5 kg (mean 6.7 kg). New Maine Coon RIs were proposed for red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, reticulocyte count and percentage. Haematocrit was higher in male cats (mean HCT 42.9% vs 41% in females; P = 0.001) and in heavier cats (P = 0.003; slope 1.0, regression equation HCT = 35.1 + 1.0 × weight). New biochemical RIs were proposed for urea, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase, total protein and albumin in Maine Coons. Females had higher GGT (median GGT value in females 4.0 vs 3.0 in males; P = 0.011) and albumin values (mean albumin value 3.3 in females vs 3.1 in males; P = 0.013). Conclusions and relevance Currently published RIs for some haematological and biochemical parameters are not appropriate for use in adult Maine Coon cats. A breed-specific variation could be a plausible explanation for the new haematological and serum biochemical analytes proposed in this study. Breed-specific RIs for Maine Coon cats will help prevent misinterpretation of laboratory results in diagnosis and in the selection of ideal blood donors.
Enhancing branch prediction using software evolution

Software evolution has been extensively studied in the past decade for various properties and interesting patterns. In this work, we study the effect of evolution on branch prediction techniques. Typically for any program, at the hardware level, all dynamic branch prediction strategies learn the branch behaviors at run time and later re-use them to predict the direction of future branches. The duration of the learning curve depends heavily on the kind of technique used and also the complexity of the program at hand. We propose that saving the branch outcome profile from an older version and reusing it in a new version can significantly reduce this overhead and improve performance. In this paper, we discuss the effect of program evolution on the performance of branch prediction, study how the individual branches get affected during evolution, suggest a new method to reuse the branch behavior information from a previous version, and share our results on various software repositories. Preliminary results indicate our intuitions are well justified.
Robust super-resolution for interactive video navigation

One of the main technical limitations in interactive systems for next-generation audio-visual experiences is the limited resolution of the captured contents. The presented method tackles the problem of generating super-resolved versions of input video frames, thus allowing the user to visualize the captured visual contents at any desired scale with minimal degradation. First, the low-frequency band of the super-resolved video frame is estimated as an up-scaled interpolation of the low-resolution frame. Then, the high-frequency band is extrapolated from the low-resolution frame by exploiting local cross-scale self-similarity. The introduction of a suitable image prior in both stages allows to robustly enhance the spatial resolution even in video sequences containing aliasing. The most demanding processing stages of the presented algorithm have been implemented on graphics hardware (GPU). The experimental results show a level of quality similar to that of state-of-the-art methods, with the advantages of real-time processing and robustness against spatial aliasing.