Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Histopathology of the Fimbria-Fornix in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

While diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been extensively used to infer micro-structural characteristics of cerebral white matter in human conditions, correlations between human in vivo DTI and histology have not been performed. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) have abnormal DTI parameters of the fimbria-fornix (relative to TLE patients without MTS) which are presumed to represent differences in axonal/myelin integrity. Medically intractable TLE patients who undergo temporal lobe resection including the fimbria-fornix provide a unique opportunity to study the anatomical correlates of water diffusion abnormalities in freshly excised tissue. Eleven patients with medically intractable TLE were recruited (six with and five without MTS) for presurgical DTI followed by surgical excision of a small specimen of the fimbria-fornix which was processed for electron microscopy. Blinded quantitative analysis of the microphotographs included axonal diameter, density and area, cumulative axon membrane circumference, and myelin thickness and area. As predicted by DTI the fimbria-fornix of TLE patients with MTS had increased extra-axonal fraction, and reduced cumulative axonal membrane circumference and myelin area. Consistent with the animal literature, water diffusion anisotropy over the crus of the fimbria-fornix was strongly correlated with axonal membranes (cumulative membrane circumference) within the surgical specimen (∼15% of what was analyzed with DTI). The demonstration of a correlation between histology and human in vivo DTI, in combination with the observation that in vivo DTI accurately predicted white matter abnormalities in a human disease condition, provides strong validation of the application of DTI as a noninvasive marker of white matter pathology.
Between Dictatorship and Democracy: Russian Post-Communist Political Reform

For hundreds of years, dictators have ruled Russia. Do they still? In the late 1980s, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev launched a series of political reforms that eventually allowed for competitive elections, the emergence of an independent press, the formation of political parties, and the sprouting of civil society. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, these proto-democratic institutions endured in an independent Russia. But did the processes unleashed by Gorbachev and continued under Russian President Boris Yeltsin lead eventually to liberal democracy in Russia? If not, what kind of political regime did take hold in post-Soviet Russia? And how has Vladimir Putin's rise to power influenced the course of democratic consolidation or the lack thereof? Between Dictatorship and Democracy seeks to give a comprehensive answer to these fundamental questions about the nature of Russian politics.
Joint Customized Price and Power Control for Energy-Efficient Multi-Service Wireless Networks via S-Modular Theory

In this paper, the problem of joint utility-based customized price and power control in multi-service wireless networks is addressed via S-modular theory. Each user is associated with a generic two-variable net utility function. The latter takes a different form based on the type of the requested service, and depends on both user’s uplink transmission power and the price he is willing to pay to achieve his quality of service prerequisites. The joint customized price and power control problem is formulated as a two-variable optimization problem and confronted as a non-cooperative distributed game. The S-modular theory is adopted to solve the corresponding optimization problem. The existence of the game’s Nash equilibrium point with respect to both user’s uplink transmission power and price is analytically shown, while game convergence is also proven. A distributed and iterative algorithm for computing the two-variable Nash equilibrium point is also presented. The optimal price and uplink transmission power are both determined simultaneously in a distributed manner while the control intelligence and the decision making process lie at the user. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated via modeling and simulation and its superiority compared to other state of the art approaches is illustrated especially in terms of energy efficiency.
Queueing analysis of shared buffer switches for ATM networks

A model for the analysis of ATM switches based on shared buffer switching for broadband ISDN networks is developed, and the results are compared with simulation. Switches constructed from shared buffer switching elements (SE) no longer suffer from the head of line blocking which is a common problem in simple input buffering. The analysis models the state of the entire switch and extends the model introduced by Turner (see International Teletraffic Congress, Copenhagen, Denmark, p.35-40, June 1991) to global flow control with a backpressure mechanism. It is shown that the buffer utilization is better and the throughput improves significantly compared with the same network using a local flow control policy.
Finding Social Groups: A Meta-Analysis of the Southern Women Data

For more than 100 years, sociologists have been concerned with relatively small, cohesive social groups (Tonnies, [1887] 1940; Durkheim [1893] 1933; Spencer 1895-97; Cooley, 1909). The groups that concern sociologists are not simply categories—like redheads or people more than six feet tall. Instead they are social collectivities characterized by interaction and interpersonal ties. Concern with groups of this sort has been—and remains—at the very core of the field.
Nonmonotonic Temporal Reasoning

Abstract : In research carried out to this date under this grant they investigated a number of issues, semantical and algorithmic, in the design of agents in a multi-agent environment. The issues that were investigated included the structure of agents' (which they called 'mental state'), the flow of control of agents' activities over time, a particular programming language geared towards controlling agents, and a number of subsidiary computational problems. The researchers have developed a computational framework called agent oriented programming. AOP can be viewed as a specialization of object oriented programming (OOP). The state of an agent consists of components called beliefs, choices, capabilities, commitments, and possibly others; for this reason the state of an agent is called its mental state. The mental state of agents is captured formally in an extension of standard epistemic logics: beside temporalizing the knowledge and belief operators, AOP introduces operators for commitment, choice and capability. Agents are controlled by agent programs, which include primitives for communicating with other agents. In the spirit of speech-act theory, each communication primitives is of a certain type: informing, requesting, offering, and so on
Verification of Convolution Relation Between Sensitized Path ’ s Gate Transients , Power Grid Impulse Responses and Power Port Transients

In this paper we provide further evidence and verify the existence of convolution relation between transient currents of gates of a sensitized path, power grid impulse responses and transient currents measured from chip power ports. Such a relation has important implications and applications in different aspects of current based testing and diagnosis techniques. We have also developed a new tool for extraction of sensitized path’s circuit model from chips SPICE model. Our simulation results shows that using the new flow for path extraction will improve the accuracy and generates waveforms that are closer to full chip SPICE simulation.
High-Level Decision Diagram based Fault Models for Targeting FSMs

Recently, a number of works have been published on implementing assignment decision diagram models combined with SAT methods to address register-transfer level test pattern generation. Those methods have proven efficient. However, all of them target modules inside the datapath of the circuit. In this paper, we show by experiments that the fault coverage achieved by full datapath tests is often lower than what can be achieved if faults in the control part FSM were additionally considered. We also propose a new type of fault model for targeting faults in FSMs embedded to RTL descriptions. In addition, we present an alternative for traditional assignment decision diagrams, which provides for a more general representation of RTL circuits. We show that our model, called high-level decision diagrams, allows efficient high-level test path activation. According to experiments the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art test pattern generation tools
3-D reconstruction and automatic fusion of edge maps from different modalities of an object

The paper presents reconstruction of a 3-D model as well as automatic fusion of edge maps extracted from the 3-D model and intensity image of an object. A data acquisition system has been developed with a laser source and camera. The 3-D model of the object is reconstructed by registration and integration of a set of range images obtained from scanning the object by laser beam. The intensity image of the object is captured under illumination light. Edge maps in both the cases are extracted by appropriate techniques. The corner points of various shapes in both the edge maps are obtained by implementing a technique using shape signatures. 3-D edge points are mapped to 2-D plane with the help of perspective transformation. A novel algorithm has been proposed for the establishment of automatic correspondence between the corner points in both the edge maps. The method for automatic fusion of edge maps using affine transformation followed by iterative closest point algorithm has been introduced. Range and intensity images are complementary in nature and provide a richness of description which is not possible with either source in isolation.
Vocabulary matching for information extraction language

In the previous paper [1], we have described specification of the domain-specific declarative language for natural language processing and information extraction tasks. This paper extends the previous specification of the language with the extensions, which allow to specify sequences of words and corresponding meta-data annotations in the vocabulary. The paper describes syntax extensions and internal structure of the vocabulary designed for efficient matching and low storage requirements.
Tracking Personal Histories for Knowledge Discovery Tasks

Interactive visualizations provide an ideal setting for exploring the use and exploitation of personal histories. Even though visualizations leverage innate human capabilities for recognizing interesting aspects of data, it is unlikely that two users will follow the exact process for discovery. This results in an inability to effectively recreate the exact conditions of the discovery process, which we call the knowledge rediscovery problem. Because we cannot expect a user to fully document each of their interactions, there is a need for visualization systems to maintain user trace data in a way that enhances a user's ability to communicate what they found to be interesting, as well as how they found it. This project presents a model for representing user interactions that articulates with a corresponding set of annotations, or observations that are made during the exploration. This problem is only made more challenging when pervasive computing and corresponding interactions across devices is factored in.
A note on Michelacci and Zaffaroni, long memory, and time series of economic growth

A method of enriching fruit products and coffee with beneficial agents present in processing waste products such as fruit skins and kernels and coffee cherries. The waste products are dried and extracted with an appropriate organic solvent and/or water. The extract is dried, purified if desired, and blended into the food product corresponding to the waste product, such as a fruit processing waste product extract could be combined with fruit juices, canned or frozen fruit, etc., and coffee cherry extract could be combined with ground or freeze-dried coffee. The extracts contain highly beneficial antioxidants and potentially other beneficial agents.
Representation and Calculation of Correlation Constraints of One Dimensional Unipolar Orthogonal Codes

The one dimensional unipolar orthogonal codes are employed as signature sequences in spread spectrum modulation schemes like incoherent optical CDMA system. The cardinality or upper bound of code set, containing one dimensional unipolar orthogonal codes of code length 'n' and code weight 'w' and correlation constraint λ, is given by Johnson bounds. Conventionally these codes are represented by weighted position representation (WPR) or position of bit 1's in the code. The auto-correlation and cross-correlation constraints of the unipolar orthogonal codes are calculated using the binary sequences equivalent to these codes in WPR. In this paper two other representations of one dimensional unipolar orthogonal codes are proposed as well as two methods for calculation of correlation constraints of these unipolar orthogonal codes.
Human Problem Solving : Sokoban Case Study

We describe a case study in human problem solving for a particular problem – a Sokoban puzzle. For the study we collected data using the Internet. In this way we were able to collect significantly larger data (2000 problems solved, 780 hours of problem solving activity) than in typical studies of human problem solving. Our analysis of collected data focuses on the issue of problem difficulty. We show that there are very large differences in difficulty of individual Sokoban problems and that these differences are not explained by previous research. To address this gap in understanding we describe an abstract computational model of human problem solving, a metric of a problem decomposition, and formalization of a state space bottleneck. We discuss how these concepts help us understand human problem solving activity and differences in problem difficulty.
Semi-structural models for inflation forecasting

We propose alternative single-equation semi-structural models for forecasting inflation in Canada, whereby structural New Keynesian models are combined with time-series features in the data. Several marginal cost measures are used, including one that in addition to unit labour cost also integrates relative price shocks known to play an important role in open-economies. Structural estimation and testing is conducted using identification-robust methods that are valid whatever the identification status of the econometric model. We find that our semi-structural models perform better than various strictly structural and conventional time series models. In the latter case, forecasting performance is significantly better, both in the short run and in the medium run.
Three-dimensional analysis of dental decompensation for skeletal Class III malocclusion on the basis of vertical skeletal patterns obtained using cone-beam computed tomography

Objective To evaluate the presurgical orthodontic tooth movement of mandibular teeth after dental decompensation for skeletal Class III deformities on the basis of vertical skeletal patterns. Methods This cohort was comprised of 62 patients who received presurgical orthodontic treatment. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to their vertical skeletal patterns. Changes in the positions of the mandibular central incisor, canine, premolar, and 1st molar after presurgical orthodontic treatment were measured using a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) superimposition method. Results The incisors moved forward after dental decompensation in all 3 groups. The canines in group I and the 1st premolars in groups I and III also moved forward. The incisors and canines were extruded in groups I and II. The 1st and 2nd premolars were also extruded in all groups. Vertical changes in the 1st premolars differed significantly between the groups. We also observed lateral movement of the canines in group III and of the 1st premolar, 2nd premolar, and 1st molar in all 3 groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions Movement of the mandibular incisors and premolars resolved the dental compensation. The skeletal facial pattern did not affect the dental decompensation, except in the case of vertical changes of the 1st premolars.
Introduction to unmanned spacecraft on-board communications: evolution of timeliness needs

The aim of this presentation is to provide an introduction to the communication needs on board unmanned spacecraft and to their current evolution. By nature, spacecraft are beyond any improvement or repair capability by means of physical/mechanical intervention as soon as they are launched into space. This leads to requirements for on-board communication being dominated by reliability. However, the level of autonomy required from any modern spacecraft in nominal operation mode leads to timeliness requirements as well. The combination of both properties, Reliability and Timeliness, is a common frame for communications on board unmanned spacecraft and is abbreviated in the acronym "RT" which, in this context, does not mean "real-time". Although both reliability and timeliness are the main requirements on communications on board unmanned spacecraft, this presentation done in the context of the RTS WCTT (Worst Case Traversal Time) workshop focuses mainly on the timeliness issues. We first describe the need for non-real-time and real-time communications on-board any unmanned spacecraft and then the scope of real-time communications on-board past and current spacecraft. Current and future trends are also presented for which no solution is clearly established yet. This presentation briefly describes the challenges to be addressed with respect to these trends. It then exposes short-terms solutions that have been academically investigated and are now available to spacecraft designers. Finally, the presentation provides perspectives on possible investigation lines. Overall, this presentation shows that, for the schedulability of SpaceWire traffic, both in the frame of the real-time communications only and in the more complex frame of mixed hard real-time, soft real-time and non-real-time traffic, any academic result is very welcome. In this domain, most space agencies are willing to support related academic research. There are many other parameters (mostly related to reliability) to be taken into account for the design of real-time communication protocols for spacecraft data handling, like Failure Detection, Isolation and Recovery (FDIR) issues, redundancy (cold, warm, hot, cross-strapping), Single Point of Failure (SPF), Single Fault hypothesis, availability, maintainability, determinism, babbling idiot, fails-safe, fail-operational, bus guardian, safety, security, etc. These concepts are not presented in this paper. They should be taken on board any academic research on communications on board unmanned spacecraft, and would require a dedicated paper at the same level as this presentation introduces timeliness issues.
Dynactin polices two-way organelle traffic

How is the bidirectional motion of organelles controlled? In this issue, Deacon et al. (2003) reveal the unexpected finding that dynactin (previously known to control dynein-based motility) binds to kinesin II and regulates anterograde movement of Xenopus melanosomes. This result suggests that dynactin may be a key player in coordinating vesicle traffic in this system.
Extrapolation of Extreme and Fatigue Loads Using Probabilistic Methods

Probabilistic methods were used to determine the long-term extreme and fatigue loads of two different 1.5 MW wind turbine designs. Over the past decade, probabilistic methods for wind turbine design have acquired increasing levels of interest in both the research and industrial community. This interest has largely been driven by the desire to replace outdated empirical-based design models with more physically relevant models that can be accurately applied to the next generation of wind turbine designs. This study further extends previous works through further examination of moment-based probability methods, as well as the effects of using a joint distribution of mean wind speed and turbulence level, and the statistical uncertainty of moment-based methods, introducing refinements such as compensating for non-zero cyclic midpoints in fatigue calculations, application of a threshold technique and full integration of all probable operating conditions.
SNAI1 and SNAI2 Are Asymmetrically Expressed at the 2-Cell Stage and Become Segregated to the TE in the Mouse Blastocyst

SNAI1 and SNAI2 are transcription factors that initiate Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal cell transitions throughout development and in cancer metastasis. Here we show novel expression of SNAI1 and SNAI2 throughout mouse preimplantation development revealing asymmetrical localization of both SNAI1 and SNAI2 in individual blastomeres beginning at the 2-cell stage through to the 8-cell stage where SNAI1 and SNAI2 are then only detected in outer cells and not inner cells of the blastocyst. This study implicates SNAI1 and SNAI2 in the lineage segregation of the trophectoderm and inner cell mass, and provides new insight into these oncogenes.
International Journal "information Theories & Applications" Vol.12 an Approach to Collaborative Filtering by Artmap Neural Networks

Recommender systems are now widely used in e-commerce applications to assist customers to find relevant products from the many that are frequently available. Collaborative filtering (CF) is a key component of many of these systems, in which recommendations are made to users based on the opinions of similar users in a system. This paper presents a model-based approach to CF by using supervised ARTMAP neural networks (NN). This approach deploys formation of reference vectors, which makes a CF recommendation system able to classify user profile patterns into classes of similar profiles. Empirical results reported show that the proposed approach performs better than similar CF systems based on unsupervised ART2 NN or neighbourhood-based algorithm.
Protection against Cyclosporine-Induced Reprotoxicity by Satureja khuzestanica Essential Oil in Male Rats

Background The effects of cyclosporine (Cs), a fungal cyclic polypeptide with potent immunosuppressive activity, on fertility have assumed greater significance with the increasing numbers of transplantations being performed all over the world. Current study was undertaken to investigate the potential of Satureja khuzestanica Essential Oil (SEO) as an antioxidant to mitigate Cs-induced reprotoxicity. Materials and Methods In this experimental study (April-July 2012), thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each. Two groups of rats were administered Cs [40 mg/kg/day, per oral (p.o.)] for 45 days. One of these groups received SEO (225 mg/kg/day, p.o.) four hours after Cs administration. A vehicle-treated control group and a SEO control group were also included. Epididymal sperm characteristics, in vitro fertilizing capacity as well as embryo development were evaluated. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test were used, and the value of P<0.05 was considered as the criterion for statistical significance. Results Sperm count and viability along with fertilization and blastocyst development rates were significantly decreased by Cs treatment. Moreover, Cs-treated group showed significant increases in DNA damage, protamine deficiency of the sperm cells and proportion of spermatozoa with cytoplasmic droplet. Notably, aforementioned parameters were improved to near normal level by SEO co-administration. Conclusion These results suggest that SEO has a protective action against Cs-induced reprotoxicity in a rat model.