Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production of interleukin 15 by human colon cancer cells is associated with induction of mucosal hyperplasia, angiogenesis, and metastasis.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify a mediator produced by human colon cancer cells that is responsible for the induction of hyperplasia in the adjacent mucosa. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Seventy human colon cancer surgical specimens were immunostained to determine the presence of cytokines that can induce hyperplasia in the adjacent mucosal. Human colon cancer cells with low and high metastatic potential were implanted into the cecal wall of nude mice. The resulting lesions were studied by immunohistochemistry to detect possible mediators of mucosal hyperplasia. RESULTS Immunostaining of 70 colon cancer specimens from 70 patients suggested that mucosal hyperplasia and distant metastasis were associated with the expression of interleukin (IL)-15 and, to a lesser extent, transforming growth factor alpha. The production of IL-15 by colon cancer cells was not associated with the infiltration of natural killer cells into the tumors. Cecal tumors produced in nude mice by human colon cancer cells with low and high metastatic potential (KM12C and KM12SM cells, respectively) expressed similar levels of transforming growth factor alpha, and expression of IL-15 was detected only in the metastatic KM12SM cells and was associated with hyperplasia of the surrounding mucosa. The expression of the IL-15 receptor in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC6 cells) was confirmed by immunoblotting with antibodies against IL-15 receptor alpha and IL-2 receptor beta and gamma subunits and by a binding assay using (125)I-labeled IL-15 (K(d) = 0.011 nM). IL-15 stimulated proliferation of the IEC6 cells, even under serum starvation. Treatment of IEC6 cells with IL-15 decreased doxorubicin-mediated cytotoxicity. In IEC6 cells treated with either IL-15- or KM12SM-conditioned medium, immunoblotting revealed a decrease in the production of p21Waf1, Bax, and Bak and an increase in the production of cyclin E, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, the phosphorylated active form of AKT, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, changes associated with cell growth, survival, and induction of angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that IL-15 produced by metastatic colon carcinoma cells can induce hyperplasia in the mucosa adjacent to colon cancer, thus contributing to angiogenesis and progression of the disease.
SAR TARGET CLASSIFICATION USING BAYESIAN COMPRESSIVE SENSING WITH SCATTERING CENTERS FEATURES

The emerging fleld of compressed sensing provides sparse reconstruction, which has demonstrated promising results in the areas of signal processing and pattern recognition. In this paper, a new approach for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target classiflcation is proposed based on Bayesian compressive sensing (BCS) with scattering centers features. Scattering centers features is extracted as a l1-norm sparse problem on the basis of SAR observation physical model, which can improve discrimination ability compared with original SAR image. Using an overcomplete dictionary constructed by training samples, BCS is utilized to design targets classifler. For target classiflcation performance evaluation, the proposed method is compared with several state-of-art methods through experiments on Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) public release database. Experiment results illustrate the efiectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.
The design and testing of a composite lower limb prosthesis

Abstract In unilateral lower limb prosthetic gait, the intact limb, together with the hip on the affected side, strive to compensate for the loss of the missing below-knee musculature. The resultant abnormal gait patterns can eventually lead to pathologies of the spine and other joints. The aim of this research was to design a trans-tibial dynamic elastic response (DER) prosthesis which could simulate the power generation and absorption properties of an intact foot and shank segments. A carbon fibre sickle-shaped prosthesis was developed in which the strain energy from the early part of the stride was stored, and was released again at the point of take-off, to simulate the action of the missing musculature. Stress analysis techniques were used in the design of the prosthesis, for the purposes of computing and maximizing the strain energy of the elements. A force transducer was designed into the prosthesis to verify the analysis. Video motion analyses of the prosthesis were carried out in order to determine the most appropriate shape that would reduce gait asymmetries. The research shows that biomechanical techniques, together with good engineering design and the selection of modern materials, can lead to a prosthesis which approaches the function of a natural foot.
Differential Expression of COUP-TFI, CHL1, and Two Novel Genes in Developing Neocortex Identified by Differential Display PCR

Genes that control the specification and differentiation of the functionally specialized areas of the mammalian neocortex are likely expressed across the developing neocortex in graded or restricted patterns. To search for such genes we have performed a PCR-based differential display screen using RNAs from rostral neocortex, which included the primary motor area, and caudal neocortex, which included the primary visual area, of embryonic day 16 rats. We identified 82 differentially expressed gene fragments. Secondary screening byin situ hybridization confirmed that five fragments, representing four genes, are differentially expressed across developing rat neocortex. Two of the genes, chick ovalbumin upstream transcription factor I (COUP-TFI) andclose homolog of L1 (CHL1), have been cloned previously, but their differential expression in cortex has not been reported. Sequences from the other two fragments suggest that they represent novel genes. The expression patterns include graded, restricted, and discontinuous expression with abrupt borders that might correlate with those of areas. The differential expression patterns of all four genes are established before the arrival of thalamocortical afferents, suggesting that they are independent of thalamic influence, and could direct or reflect arealization. In addition,COUP-TFI and CHL1 exhibit dynamic expression patterns that undergo substantial changes after thalamocortical afferents invade the cortical plate, suggesting that thalamic axons may influence their later expression. Postnatally,COUP-TFI is most prominently expressed in layer 4, in both rats and mice, and CHL1 is expressed in layer 5.COUP-TFI expression in cortex, and in ventral telencephalon and dorsal thalamus, suggests several possible causes for the loss of layer 4 neurons and the reduced thalamocortical projection reported in COUP-TFI knock-out mice.
Learning from conflicts? The relations between task and relationship conflicts, team learning and team performance

Team-based working has become a popular model of work organization. One of the expected yields of working in teams is collective learning. As team members work closely together they are likely to exchange information, which can enhance learning. One of the processes that may facilitate team learning is team conflict. In this study, 471 respondents, working in 84 teams in 38 organizations, indicated their perceptions of task conflict, relationship conflict, team learning, and their rating of the performance of the team. Task conflict was not related to team learning but was negatively related to the team members' rating of team performance. As was hypothesized, relationship conflict negatively affected team learning. Importantly, team learning was a strong predictor of the perceived team performance and partially mediated the relation between relationship conflict and performance.
Family and friends as social environments and their relationship to young adolescents' use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana.

This study examines the role of family and friends in accounting for alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among young adolescents. The sample included 1,008 males and 1,040 females with a mean age of 14.5 years. Lack of parental affection, concern, involvement, and modeling appeared to be centralfactors in the family's influence, which accounted for up to 22% of the variance in drug use. Friends' delinquency and use of drugs largely determined the influence of friendship, which accounted for up to 40% of adolescent drug use. Comparisons are made between characteristics of family and friends.
Impact of Child Sexual Abuse on Females: Toward a Developmental, Psychobiological Integration

In the last decade, it has become clear that the sexual abuse of children is much more prevalent than previously realized and that such abuse has extensive mental health sequelae. Females are reported victims of sexual abuse much more often than males. The peak age of onset of sexual abuse for females is prepubertal—7 or 8 years of age—and the average duration fends to be about 2 years. The basic theme of this article is that there may be directly traceable mechanistic relationships between the impact of sexual abuse on specific psychological and biological developmental processes for females and some of the adult outcomes of that abuse. Specifically, it is proposed that, to understand the long-term impact of sexual abuse, it is necessary to investigate how it may interfere with both the psychological and the biological processes of pubertal development.
Open Source Production of Encyclopedias: Editorial Policies at the Intersection of Organizational and Epistemological Trust

The ideas behind open source software are currently applied to the production of encyclopedias. A sample of six English text-based, neutral-point-of-view, online encyclopedias of the kind are identified: h2g2, Wikipedia, Scholarpedia, Encyclopedia of Earth, Citizendium and Knol. How do these projects deal with the problem of trusting their participants to behave as competent and loyal encyclopedists? Editorial policies for soliciting and processing content are shown to range from high discretion to low discretion; that is, from granting unlimited trust to limited trust. Their conceptions of the proper role for experts are also explored and it is argued that to a great extent they determine editorial policies. Subsequently, internal discussions about quality guarantee at Wikipedia are rendered. All indications are that review and “super-review” of new edits will become policy, to be performed by Wikipedians with a better reputation. Finally, while for encyclopedias the issue of organizational trust largely coincides with epistemological trust, a link is made with theories about the acceptance of testimony. It is argued that both non-reductionist views (the “acceptance principle” and the “assurance view”) and reductionist ones (an appeal to background conditions, and a—newly defined—“expertise view”) have been implemented in editorial strategies over the past decade.
Social Support, Unfulfilled Expectations, and Affective Well-Being on Return to Employment.

We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate how social support from the partner is related to mothers' affective well-being during their return to employment after maternity leave and whether expectations of that support have an additional impact. We differentiated four forms of support and their respective expectation discrepancies: emotional, instrumental, informational, and companionship. Further, we included the impact of meeting specific support expectations. A convenience sample of 288 women filled out questionnaires 2 weeks before reentry and then 1 month and 2 months afterward. Social support was associated with well-being, with emotional support having the strongest positive impact. Informational and instrumental support either were not related or were negatively related to affective well-being. Expectations had an additional influence but were inconsistently associated with affect. They became more important over time.
Very-Short-Term Probabilistic Wind Power Forecasts by Sparse Vector Autoregression

A spatio-temporal method for producing very-short-term parametric probabilistic wind power forecasts at a large number of locations is presented. Smart grids containing tens, or hundreds, of wind generators require skilled very-short-term forecasts to operate effectively and spatial information is highly desirable. In addition, probabilistic forecasts are widely regarded as necessary for optimal power system management as they quantify the uncertainty associated with point forecasts. Here, we work within a parametric framework based on the logit-normal distribution and forecast its parameters. The location parameter for multiple wind farms is modeled as a vector-valued spatio-temporal process and the scale parameter is tracked by modified exponential smoothing. A state-of-the-art technique for fitting sparse vector autoregressive models is employed to model the location parameter and demonstrates numerical advantages over conventional vector autoregressive models. The proposed method is tested on a dataset of 5 min mean wind power generation at 22 wind farms in Australia. Five-min ahead forecasts are produced and evaluated in terms of point, and probabilistic forecast skill scores and calibration. Conventional autoregressive and vector autoregressive models serve as benchmarks.
Quiet desperation, secret melancholy: polemos and passion in citizenship education

Contemporary scenes of democracy and education exemplify a real scepticism about the point of political participation, and by implication about one's place in society in relation to others. What is called for is a recovery of desire per se – of people's desire to say what they want to say and their desire to participate in the creation of the public. In response, this article examines Stanley Cavell's ordinary language philosophy. The way he reconstructs philosophy from the perspective of ordinary language provides us with an alternative route to citizenship. Cavell's philosophy is turned towards our existential need to recover political passion, the mainspring of a desire to think that affirms humanity as necessarily political. And in the end this existential need dovetails with the need of the polis: that people speak in their own voice. That, I shall conclude, must be the basis of education for citizenship and political literacy.
On Simulation and Design of Parallel-Systems Schedulers: Are We Doing the Right Thing?

It is customary to use open-system trace-driven simulations to evaluate the performance of parallel-system schedulers. As a consequence, all schedulers have evolved to optimize the packing of jobs in the schedule, as a means to improve a number of performance metrics that are conjectured to be correlated with user satisfaction, with the premise that this will result in a higher productivity in reality. We argue that these simulations suffer from severe limitations that lead to suboptimal scheduler designs and to even dismissing potentially good design alternatives. We propose an alternative simulation methodology called site-level simulation, in which the workload for the evaluation is generated dynamically by user models that interact with the system. We present a novel scheduler called CREASY that exploits knowledge on user behavior to directly improve user satisfaction and compare its performance to the original packing-based EASY scheduler. We show that user productivity improves by up to 50 percent under the user-aware design, while according to the conventional metrics, performance may actually degrade.
An Employee Survey Measuring Total Quality Management Practices and Culture

This article presents a survey instrument designed to measure total quality management (TQM) and supporting organizational culture. In this study, 13 a priori dimensions of TQM and 10 a priori dimensions of organizational culture or climate were operationalized in a 113-item survey designed to measure the level of culture and TQM as experienced by individual members. The instrument was successfully administered to a diverse sample of organization members. A factor analysis of results from 886 respondents indicates that seven TQM and five culture dimensions, comprising only 56 of the original items, account for most of the scale variance. This produces a relatively compact instrument that allows researchers and practitioners to measure perceived culture and TQM implementation among all types of employees, work contexts, and TQM program levels. Revised index scores were found to be significantly related to stage of formal TQM program, thus supporting scale validity. Suggestions for using the instrument are presented.
Incremental Construction of Minimal Acyclic Finite State Automata and Transducers

In this paper, we describe a new method for constructing minimal, deterministic, acyclic finite state automata and transducers. Traditional methods consist of two steps. The first one is to construct a trie, the second one --- to perform minimization. Our approach is to construct an automaton in a single step by adding new strings one by one and minimizing the resulting automaton on-the-fly. We present a general algorithm as well as a specialization that relies upon the lexicographical sorting of the input strings.
Progression of cervical spine changes in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the development and progression of radiological changes of cervical spine in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Sixty-seven patients with early RA treated actively with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs were followed prospectively for a mean of 6.5 years. Conventional clinical and laboratory variables were used for measuring disease activity and radiographs of the cervical spine, hands, and feet were taken serially during the followup. RESULTS Thirty percent (20/67) of the patients showed radiological evidence of the cervical spine involvement characteristic of RA. Atlantoaxial subluxation was the first type of cervical change to occur, followed by vertical and subaxial subluxations and erosions. Patients with cervical involvement were initially more often rheumatoid factor positive and had higher initial C-reactive protein level than patients without cervical changes. Also, radiological progression of peripheral joints was associated with cervical involvement. HLA-DR4 or B27 positivity did not seem to influence early involvement of cervical spine. CONCLUSION Involvement of the cervical spine begins early in RA. Therefore, cervical radiographs should be included in the clinical evaluation during the first years of disease onset, especially in patients with rapid radiological progression in peripheral joints. Aggressive therapy is emphasized in these patients, including the conservative treatment of cervical spine.
Solving Problems with Ambiguous Subgoal Ordering: Preschoolers' Performance.

KLAHR, DAVID. Solving Problems with Ambiguous Subgoal Ordering: Preschoolers' Performance. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1985, 56, 940-952. Recent evidence has shown that although there are large adult-child differences in overall problem-solving performance, even preschoolers have rudimentary forms of strategies such as means-ends analysis that rely on the use of subgoals. However, in many situations, means-ends analysis is not applicable, and in order to solve a problem, some other method must be used. This study further explores preschoolers' repertoire of problem-solving methods. We use problems in which it is difficult to order subgoals, and in which, therefore, some method other than means-ends analysis must be used. 40 children between 45 and 70 months of age were presented with problems having ambiguous subgoal ordering. Although individual scores varied widely, none of several indices of performance were reliably correlated with age. A detailed analysis of move sequences revealed that preschoolers (a) tend to avoid backup, (b) are sensitive to incremental progress toward the goal, and (c) search 2 or 3 moves ahead for a goal. All of these component skills were combined into a "hill-climbing" method that explains 70% of the variance in problem difficulty.
Tumoral ANXA1 Is a Predictive Marker for Sunitinib Treatment of Renal Cancer Patients

Background and aims: There is no established predictive marker for the treatment of renal cancer. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients are often treated with sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Sunitinibs anti-cancer effect is at least partly mediated through interfering with angiogenesis. Our aim with the current study was to assess annexin A1 (ANXA1), which stimulates angiogenesis, as a predictive marker for sunitinib therapy in mRCC patients. Since previous studies have indicated a predictive potential for cubilin, we also investigated the predictivity of ANXA1 combined with cubilin. Methods: ANXA1 expression was analysed in tumor tissue from a cohort of patients with advanced RCC (n=139) using immunohistochemistry. Ninety-nine of the patients were treated with sunitinib in the first or second-line setting. Twenty-two of these were censored because of toxicity leading to the termination of treatment and the remaining (n=77) were selected for the present study. Results: Twenty-five (32%) out of seventy-seven of the tumors lacked ANXA1 in the cytoplasm. On statistical analyses using Kaplan-Meier method, aNXA1 negative tumors were significantly associated with a longer treatment benefit in terms of progression free survival (PFS). Overall survival was also significantly better for patients with ANXA1 negative tumors. The combined ANXA1 positive and cubilin negative expression could more accurately than ANXA1 alone define the group not benefitting from treatment. Conclusions: Our results indicate that cytoplasmic expression of ANXA1 is a negative predictive marker for sunitinib therapy in mRCC patients. A possible explanation for this finding is that sunitinibs anti-angiogenic effect cannot overcome the pro-angiogenic drive from many ANXA1 proteins.
Assigning and scheduling partially overlapping channels in wireless mesh networks

The efficiency of multi-channel multi-radio wireless mesh networks can be improved with the increase of the number of channels and radios. Despite the availability of up to 11 channels in 802.11, we can choose only up to three non overlapping channels at any given time. In this study, we investigate how to design a channel assignment and a scheduling algorithm, which both exploit partially overlapping channels in order to maximize the throughput. We next examine how much additional throughout we can obtain by doing so, in comparison with only using three orthogonal channels. Numerical experiments show that we can gain up to 25% of throughput by appropriately managing overlapping channels.
Temperature-aware MPSoC scheduling for reducing hot spots and gradients

Thermal hot spots and temperature gradients on the die need to be minimized to manufacture reliable systems while meeting energy and performance constraints. In this work, we solve the task scheduling problem for multiprocessor system-on-chips (MPSoCs) using Integer Linear Programming (ILP). The goal of our optimization is minimizing the hot spots and balancing the temperature distribution on the die for a known set of tasks. Under the given assumptions about task characteristics, the solution is optimal. We compare our technique against optimal scheduling methods for energy minimization, energy balancing, and hot spot minimization, and show that our technique achieves significantly better thermal profiles. We also extend our technique to handle workload variations at runtime.