Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Meaning from Text by Harvesting Frequent and Diverse Semantic Itemsets

In this paper, we present a novel and completely-unsupervised approach to unravel meanings (or senses) from linguistic constructions found in large corpora by introducing the concept of semantic vector. A semantic vector is a space-transformed vector where features represent fine-grained semantic information units, instead of values of co-occurrences within a collection of texts. More in detail, instead of seeing words as vectors of frequency values, we propose to first explode words into a multitude of tiny semantic information retrieved from existing resources like WordNet and ConceptNet, and then clustering them into frequent and diverse patterns. This way, on the one hand, we are able to model linguistic data with a larger but much more dense and informative semantic feature space. On the other hand, being the model based on basic and conceptual information, we are also able to generate new data by querying the above-mentioned semantic resources with the features contained in the extracted patterns. We experimented the idea on a dataset of 640 millions of triples subject-verb-object to automatically inducing senses for specific input verbs, demonstrating the validity and the potential of the presented approach in modeling and understanding natural language.
Mental Exercising Through Simple Socializing: Social Interaction Promotes General Cognitive Functioning

Social interaction is a central feature of people's life and engages a variety of cognitive resources. Thus, social interaction should facilitate general cognitive functioning. Previous studies suggest such a link, but they used special populations (e.g., elderly with cognitive impairment), measured social interaction indirectly (e.g., via marital status), and only assessed effects of extended interaction in correlational designs. Here the relation between mental functioning and direct indicators of social interaction was examined in a younger and healthier population. Study 1 using survey methodology found a positive relationship between social interaction, assessed via amount of actual social contact, and cognitive functioning in people from three age groups including younger adults. Study 2 using an experimental design found that a small amount of social interaction (10 min) can facilitate cognitive performance. The findings are discussed in the context of the benefits social relationships have for so many aspects of people's lives.
Unifying nearest neighbors collaborative filtering

We study collaborative filtering for applications in which there exists for every user a set of items about which the user has given binary, positive-only feedback (one-class collaborative filtering). Take for example an on-line store that knows all past purchases of every customer. An important class of algorithms for one-class collaborative filtering are the nearest neighbors algorithms, typically divided into user-based and item-based algorithms. We introduce a reformulation that unifies user- and item-based nearest neighbors algorithms and use this reformulation to propose a novel algorithm that incorporates the best of both worlds and outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms. Additionally, we propose a method for naturally explaining the recommendations made by our algorithm and show that this method is also applicable to existing user-based nearest neighbors methods.
Diagnostic Value of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis versus Body Mass Index for Detection of Obesity among Students

Purpose Obesity is a common nutritional problem in both developed and developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweightness and obesity using both bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and body mass index (BMI). Methods In this cross-sectional study, 288 healthy college students were selected. Socio-economic status questionnaires were completed and subjects’ anthropometric features were measured by a trained nurse. BMI was calculated and body fat mass (BFM) and body fat percent (BF%) were obtained using BIA method by hand-to-hand Omron BF-500 set. Results Mean age of the subjects was 21.1±1.7 years. Based on BMI, 2.6% of males and 2.2% of females were obese while 15.7% and 9.6% were diagnosed to be overweight respectively. The correlation between BMI values and BFM were 0.883 and 0.908 in males and females respectively (P<0.001). Furthermore, BF% had a significant correlation with BMI in both males and females (P<0.001). Conclusion Our survey demonstrated a lower prevalence of obesity and overweightness in college students compared with Iranian general population, especially in females. Additionally, BIA method was shown to be closely correlated with and as much valuable as BMI in regard to detection of obesity.
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition (S-B IV)

The AbstractNisual Reasoning SEM ranges from 6.2 for a two SUbtest administration at age 2 to 2.8 at the upper ages for a three-subtest administration. The Quantitative Reasoning Area has the highest SEM, espe cially at the lower age levels. At age 2, the SEM is 7.0, based on a one SUbtest administration. With a three-test adminstration at 12years and above, the SEM drops to 3.2. The Short-Term Memory Area has a 5.1 SEM for two SUbtests down to age 7, where with three subtests the SEM falls to 4.8. With fOur subtests at the higher age level, the SEMs remain constant at 4.2.
Chronic airflow limitation in a rural Indian population: etiology and relationship to body mass index

Purpose Respiratory conditions remain a source of morbidity globally. As such, this study aimed to explore factors associated with the development of airflow obstruction (AFO) in a rural Indian setting and, using spirometry, study whether underweight is linked to AFO. Methods Patients > 35 years old attending a rural clinic in West Bengal, India, took a structured questionnaire, had their body mass index (BMI) measured, and had spirometry performed by an ancillary health care worker. Results In total, 416 patients completed the study; spirometry was acceptable for analysis of forced expiratory volume in 1 second in 286 cases (69%); 16% were noted to exhibit AFO. Factors associated with AFO were: increasing age (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.004–0.011; P = 0.005), smoking history (95% CI 0.07–0.174; P = 0.006), male gender (95% CI 0.19–0.47; P = 0.012), reduced BMI (95% CI 0.19–0.65; P = 0.02), and occupation (95% CI 0.12–0.84; P = 0.08). The mean BMI in males who currently smoked (n = 60; 19.29 kg/m2; standard deviation [SD] 3.46) was significantly lower than in male never smokers (n = 33; 21.15 kg/m2 SD 3.38; P < 0.001). AFO was observed in 27% of subjects with a BMI <18.5 kg/m2, falling to 13% with a BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2 (P = 0.013). AFO was observed in 11% of housewives, 22% of farm laborers, and 31% of cotton/jute workers (P = 0.035). Conclusion In a rural Indian setting, AFO was related to advancing age, current or previous smoking, male gender, reduced BMI, and occupation. The data also suggest that being under-weight is linked with AFO and that a mechanistic relationship exists between low body weight, smoking tobacco, and development of AFO.
Validating the Impact of Event Scale with Adolescents : a Look at the September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks

The current study examined the psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale (rES; Horowitz, Wilner, & Alvarez, 1979), a self-report measure of current sUbjective distress. Twenty-four adolescents from an urban high school were surveyed regarding their experiences from the events of September 11, 2001. The IES showed a moderate correlation with the My Worst Experience Scale (MWES; Hyman, Snook, Berna, & Kohr, 1997). Findings indicate the rES may be effective as a quick screening tool for the intrusive and avoidant symptoms of posttraumatic stress in adolescents pending further research with a larger sample. iv
Synchronized arousal between performers and related spectators in a fire-walking ritual

Collective rituals are present in all known societies, but their function is a matter of long-standing debates. Field observations suggest that they may enhance social cohesion and that their effects are not limited to those actively performing but affect the audience as well. Here we show physiological effects of synchronized arousal in a Spanish fire-walking ritual, between active participants and related spectators, but not participants and other members of the audience. We assessed arousal by heart rate dynamics and applied nonlinear mathematical analysis to heart rate data obtained from 38 participants. We compared synchronized arousal between fire-walkers and spectators. For this comparison, we used recurrence quantification analysis on individual data and cross-recurrence quantification analysis on pairs of participants' data. These methods identified fine-grained commonalities of arousal during the 30-min ritual between fire-walkers and related spectators but not unrelated spectators. This indicates that the mediating mechanism may be informational, because participants and related observers had very different bodily behavior. This study demonstrates that a collective ritual may evoke synchronized arousal over time between active participants and bystanders. It links field observations to a physiological basis and offers a unique approach for the quantification of social effects on human physiology during real-world interactions.
A threshold of 10% for myeloperoxidase by flow cytometry is valid to classify acute leukemia of ambiguous and myeloid origin

According to WHO 2008 guidelines, an important role is designated for cytoplasmic myeloperoxidase (cMPO) as measured by flow cytometry for classifying acute leukemia of myeloid or ambiguous origin (AML or MPAL). However, no threshold with respect to expression level and percentage positive cells is provided. Since the expression of solely cMPO can change the diagnosis from acute lymphoid leukemia into MPAL in the current WHO 2008, a consensus is needed for the cut‐off for cMPO.
Optimization of spherical and spheroidal head model for Head Related Transfer Function customization: Magnitude comparison

Researchers have used a spherical head model to construct a HRTF (head related transfer function), which has a single adjustable parameter (radius of head) for HRTF customization mainly because of its simplicity. By using the mathematical form to calculate analytic spheroidal HRTF for an incident point source, a spheroidal head model can be used for near-field HRTF customization with two adjustable parameters (head width and head height). To see the necessity of head height consideration, two analytic solutions; spherical HRTF and spheroidal HRTF, are compared with a measured HRTF (KEMARpsilas HRTF). By varying head dimensions and ear offsets, notch frequency pattern is calculated. Through optimization procedure, we find an optimal parameters which minimizes notch pattern error between the estimated head notch pattern and notch pattern of measured HRTF. In the view point of magnitude of HRTF, performance of spherical head model and spheroidal head model is compared. Modeling error is reduced by using a spheroidal head model instead of the conventional spherical one.
KONTROLER ADAPTIF FUZZY REINFORCEMENT LEARNING DENGAN METODE CYCLE-TO-CYCLE SEBAGAI RESTORASI KEMAMPUAN SWING PHASE GAIT DENGAN FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) digunakan untuk membantu penderita paralisis dalam mengembalikan kemampuan bergerak yang disebabkan kerusakan pada pusat sistem syaraf, spinal cord injury atau stroke. FES menghantarkan pulsa listrik ke jaringan syaraf atau otot untuk mengaktifkan otot agar dapat bergerak. Dari penelitian sebelumnya diketahui bahwa sistem musculo-skeletal manusia mempunyai respon yang berbeda-beda antar subjek. Disamping itu terdapat perubahan karakteristik otot dari waktu ke waktu selama diberikan stimulasi listrik. Sehingga dibutuhkan sistem kontrol adaptif untuk merestorasi kemampuan bergerak pada penderita paralisis. Pada penelitian sebelumnya kontroller fuzzy dengan metode cycle-to-cycle berhasil diterapkan dalam mengatasi muscle fatique. Untuk mengkompensasi perubahan sifat otot dan perbedaan respon subjek ditambahkan skema Reinforcement learning pada kontroller fuzzy. Metode yang digunakan pada reinforcement learning adalah metoda temporal difference. Nilai temporal difference error akan menala parameter kontroller fuzzy. Kontroller Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning direalisasikan untuk mengendalikan stimulation burst duration otot Vastus dan Harmstring untuk menghasilkan gerakan extension dan flexion kaki.
Interval Completion Is Fixed Parameter Tractable

We present an algorithm with runtime $O(k^{2k}n^3m)$ for the following NP-complete problem [M. Garey and D. Johnson, Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness, W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1979, problem GT35]: Given an arbitrary graph $G$ on $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, can we obtain an interval graph by adding at most $k$ new edges to $G$? This resolves the long-standing open question [H. Kaplan, R. Shamir, and R. E. Tarjan, SIAM J. Comput. , 28 (1999), pp. 1906-1922; R. G. Downey and M. R. Fellows, Parameterized Complexity, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999; M. Serna and D. Thilikos, Bull. Eur. Assoc. Theory Comput. Sci. EATCS, 86 (2005), pp. 41-65; G. Gutin, S. Szeider, and A. Yeo, in Proceedings IWPEC 2006, Lecture Notes in Comput. Sci. 4169, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2006, pp. 60-71], first posed by Kaplan, Shamir, and Tarjan, of whether this problem was fixed parameter tractable. The problem has applications in profile minimization for sparse matrix computations [J. A. George and J. W. H. Liu, Computer Solution of Large Sparse Positive Definite Systems, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1981; R. E. Tarjan, in Sparse Matrix Computations, J. R. Bunch and D. J. Rose, eds., Academic Press, 1976, pp. 3-22], and our results show tractability for the case of a small number $k$ of zero elements in the envelope. Our algorithm performs bounded search among possible ways of adding edges to a graph to obtain an interval graph and combines this with a greedy algorithm when graphs of a certain structure are reached by the search.
Why the Equifax Breach Should Not Have Mattered

Data security, which is concerned with the prevention of unauthorized access to computers, databases, and websites, helps protect digital privacy and ensure data integrity. It is extremely difficult, however, to make security watertight, and security breaches are not uncommon. The consequences of stolen credentials go well beyond the leakage of other types of information because they can further compromise other systems. This paper criticizes the practice of using clear-text identity attributes, such as Social Security or driver's license numbers -- which are in principle not even secret -- as acceptable authentication tokens or assertions of ownership, and proposes a simple protocol that straightforwardly applies public-key cryptography to make identity claims verifiable, even when they are issued remotely via the Internet. This protocol has the potential of elevating the business practices of credit providers, rental agencies, and other service companies that have hitherto exposed consumers to the risk of identity theft, to where identity theft becomes virtually impossible.
An algorithm enabling blind users to find and read barcodes

Most camera-based systems for finding and reading barcodes are designed to be used by sighted users (e.g. the Red Laser iPhone app), and assume the user carefully centers the barcode in the image before the barcode is read. Blind individuals could benefit greatly from such systems to identify packaged goods (such as canned goods in a supermarket), but unfortunately in their current form these systems are completely inaccessible because of their reliance on visual feedback from the user. To remedy this problem, we propose a computer vision algorithm that processes several frames of video per second to detect barcodes from a distance of several inches; the algorithm issues directional information with audio feedback (e.g. “left,” “right”) and thereby guides a blind user holding a webcam or other portable camera to locate and home in on a barcode. Once the barcode is detected at sufficiently close range, a barcode reading algorithm previously developed by the authors scans and reads aloud the barcode and the corresponding product information. We demonstrate encouraging experimental results of our proposed system implemented on a desktop computer with a webcam held by a blindfolded user; ultimately the system will be ported to a camera phone for use by visually impaired users.
A Bond Graphs approach to Physical Modelling of Musical Instruments

In this paper we introduce the use of bond graphs for the implementation of classic physical models of musical instruments. Bond graphs are a diagrambased technique for representing physical systems, such as an electrical circuit or a mechanical engine. They provide a precise and unambiguous modelling tool which allows for the specification of hierarchical physical structures. The paper begins with an introduction to the bond graphs technique, followed by an example implementation of the clarinet. The paper concludes with final remarks and future developments.
Plastic changes in lumbar segments after thoracic spinal cord injuries in adult rats: an integrative view of spinal nociceptive dysfunctions.

PURPOSE Spinal cord injuries (SCI) cause motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunctions as well as neuropathic pain. We investigated plastic changes occurring in cord segments caudal to the lesion to assess their potential contribution to pain states after SCI. METHODS Different thoracic SCIs were performed in adult rats. Functional and algesimetry tests were performed along 3 months. Several elements of the spinal nociceptive circuitry were assessed by immunohistochemical analyses of lumbar segments. RESULTS Injured animals manifested mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Wind-up responses and spinal reflexes were enhanced, indicating spinal hyperexcitability. We found an increase in density of nociceptive sensory afferences and in GABA inhibitory activity in dorsal horns, and increased glial reactivity. Serotoninergic descending fibers and contacts on ventral horn motoneurons were reduced. Motoneurons presented more abundant inhibitory inputs, identified by gephyrin. Not all the changes kept direct relationship to the severity of the injury. CONCLUSION The existence of hyperalgesia despite the boost of inhibitory elements in the spinal cord confirms the dysbalance between excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms, leading to a general disinhibition. Widespread dysfunctions in remote segments after central injuries contribute to the appearance of pain, and they may be new targets for therapies aimed to modulate spinal dysfunctions after injury.
Panorama based point cloud reduction and registration

To reconstruct environments 3D point clouds acquired by laser scanners are registered. This is an important but also time consuming part of any mapping system for mobile robots. The time needed for mapping is drastically reduced when the size of the input data is reduced. This paper examines different ways of reducing the size of point clouds without losing vital information for the matching process. We present novel point cloud reduction methods on the basis of panorama images. It is shown that the reduced point clouds are ideally suited for feature based registration on panorama images. We evaluate the presented reduction methods based on their effect on the performance of the registration algorithm.
On computing greatest common divisors with polynomials given by black boxes for their evaluations

The black box representation of a multivariate polynomial is a function that takes as input a value for each variable and then produces the value of the polynomial. We revisit the problem of computing the greatest common divisor (GCD) in black box format of several multivariate polynomials that themselves are given by black boxes. To this end an improved version of the algorithm sketched in Kaltofen and Trager [J. Symbolic Comput. , vol. 9, nr. 3, p. 311 (1990)] is described. Also the full analysis of the improved algorithm is given. Our algorithm constructs in random polynomial-time a procedure that will evaluate a (cid:12)xed associate of the GCD at an arbitrary point (supplied as its input) in polynomial time. The randomization of the black box construction is of the Monte-Carlo kind, that is with controllably high probability the procedures evaluating the GCD are correct at all input points. Finally, a Maple prototype implementation as well as our plans for developing a subsystem for manipulating multivariate polynomials and rational functions in black box representation are presented.
Signal Transduction Protein Array Analysis Links LRRK2 to Ste20 Kinases and PKC Zeta That Modulate Neuronal Plasticity

Background Dominant mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common genetic cause of Parkinson's disease, however, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. Several in vitro studies have shown that the most frequent mutation, LRRK2(G2019S), increases kinase activity and impairs neuronal survival. LRRK2 has been linked to the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase family and the receptor-interacting protein kinases based on sequence similarity within the kinase domain and in vitro substrate phosphorylation. Methodology/Principal Findings We used an unbiased proteomic approach to identify the kinase signaling pathways wherein LRRK2 may be active. By incubation of protein microarrays containing 260 signal transduction proteins we detected four arrayed Ste20 serine/threonine kinase family members (TAOK3, STK3, STK24, STK25) as novel LRRK2 substrates and LRRK2 interacting proteins, respectively. Moreover, we found that protein kinase C (PKC) zeta binds and phosphorylates LRRK2 both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions/Significance Ste20 kinases and PKC zeta contribute to neuronal Tau phosphorylation, neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity under physiological conditions. Our data suggest that these kinases may also be involved in synaptic dysfunction and neurite fragmentation in transgenic mice and in human PD patients carrying toxic gain-of-function LRRK2 mutations.