Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flight test comparison between enhanced vision (FLIR) and synthetic vision systems

Limited visibility and reduced situational awareness have been cited as predominant causal factors for both Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) and runway incursion accidents. NASA’s Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) project is developing practical application technologies with the goal of eliminating low visibility conditions as a causal factor to civil aircraft accidents while replicating the operational benefits of clear day flight operations, regardless of the actual outside visibility condition. A major thrust of the SVS project involves the development/demonstration of affordable, certifiable display configurations that provide intuitive out-the-window terrain and obstacle information with advanced pathway guidance. A flight test evaluation was conducted in the summer of 2004 by NASA Langley Research Center under NASA's Aviation Safety and Security, Synthetic Vision System - Commercial and Business program. A Gulfstream G-V aircraft, modified and operated under NASA contract by the Gulfstream Aerospace Corporation, was flown over a 3-week period at the Reno/Tahoe International Airport and an additional 3-week period at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility to evaluate integrated Synthetic Vision System concepts. Flight testing was conducted to evaluate the performance, usability, and acceptance of an integrated synthetic vision concept which included advanced Synthetic Vision display concepts for a transport aircraft flight deck, a Runway Incursion Prevention System, an Enhanced Vision Systems (EVS), and real-time Database Integrity Monitoring Equipment. This paper focuses on comparing qualitative and subjective results between EVS and SVS display concepts.
6. Concluding remarks

We have outlined a framework for describing the semantics of concurrent object-based languages and features. We believe that such a framework will be essential for describing the semantics of language features, comparing the different language design approaches and the interaction of features such as inheritance and synchronization. We have also presented a novel, high-level approach for modelling class inheritance in process calculus based semantics which abstracts from operational details such as method lookup tables. This approach may be used to describe different approaches for inheritance and the interaction of inheritance and concurrency in a formal setting. Although it was not discussed in this paper the approach can be used to model multiple inheritance as well as various schemes concerning the encapsulation between classes and subclasses[12]. We are currently pursuing research along the following directions: • Test, extend, refine the basic framework in order to express more object-based features in a most direct way. • Experiment with other process calculi. Determine the parts of the framework that are CCS dependent, examine whether features supported in other calculi as for example the π-calculus[6], are better suited for the further development of the framework. • Examine the equivalence on objects induced by equivalence relations on agents and how they can be used to express substitutability and object reuse requirements. restriction of the access sort of method agents in the definition of BasicBehavior c the call m events generated by the request handler for executing method m will only be visible to the method agent for m of the most specialized class that defines m. This is illustrated in figure 3. In some languages as for instance Smalltalk-80[3] the pseudo-variable super is used, in an expression like super m1: x, to indicate that the search for a method matching the method selector m should start at the object's superclass method dictionary. We capture the semantics of super as follows: First the semantics for an expression involving super is given as: This way the event will be able to get out of the restriction of the access sorts for methods of the class. In the enclosing scope this event will be intercepted by the Super agent and trans-duced to a event which is released outside of the class scope of restriction. Thus, the " search " for a matching method starts at the superclass level. A method invocation through the pseudo-variable self appearing in any …
Benchmark face detection using a face recognition database

A framework is proposed to generate datasets good for benchmarking face detection using database meant for benchmarking face recognition. Instead of the common way of collecting images manually, the datasets from the proposed framework are made by a synthesis process with two phases: intrinsic parameterization and extrinsic parameterization. The former parameterizes the intrinsic variables that affect the appearance of a face, while the latter parameterizes the extrinsic variables that dominate how faces appear on background images as required by a test criterion. Experiments reveal that the proposed framework can generate test samples similar to those available from a popular face detection database, and also samples unavailable from existing face databases.
The Role of Phosphatases in Inositol Signaling Reactions*

The phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway employs a host of kinases and phosphatases that form and degrade the many signaling molecules that act in this system. The complexity and robustness of the system are indicated by the fact that there are six inositol phospholipids and more than 20 soluble inositol phosphates that have been found in mammalian cells (1). The system is present in all eukaryotic cells in one form or another. This review will focus on a few of the phosphatases as they exist in mammalian cells. In general, the inositol phosphatases are analogous to protein phosphatases in that they both tend to inhibit or terminate signaling reactions. There are specific exceptions to this general rule in both systems. Numerous inositol phosphatases have been discovered and characterized in the past 15 years. Surprisingly, in many cases the same enzymes hydrolyze phosphate from both water-soluble inositol phosphates and the corresponding lipids with the same arrangement of phosphate groups.
Governance and implementation of sports safety practices by municipal offices in Swedish communities

The objective of this study was to explore whether all-purpose health or safety promotion programmes and sports safety policies affect sports safety practices in local communities. Case study research methods were used to compare sports safety activities among offices in 73 Swedish municipalities; 28 with ongoing health or safety promotion programmes and 45 controls. The offices in municipalities with the WHO Healthy Cities (HC) or Safe Communities programmes were more likely to perform frequent inspections of sports facilities, and offices in the WHO HC programme were more likely to involve sports clubs in inspections. More than every second, property management office and environmental protection office conducted sports safety inspections compared with less than one in four planning offices and social welfare offices. It is concluded that all-purpose health and safety promotion programmes can reach out to have an effect on sports safety practices in local communities. These safety practices also reflect administrative work routines and managerial traditions.
Evolutionary transgenomics: prospects and challenges

Many advances in our understanding of the genetic basis of species differences have arisen from transformation experiments, which allow us to study the effect of genes from one species (the donor) when placed in the genetic background of another species (the recipient). Such interspecies transformation experiments are usually focused on candidate genes – genes that, based on work in model systems, are suspected to be responsible for certain phenotypic differences between the donor and recipient species. We suggest that the high efficiency of transformation in a few plant species, most notably Arabidopsis thaliana, combined with the small size of typical plant genes and their cis-regulatory regions allow implementation of a screening strategy that does not depend upon a priori candidate gene identification. This approach, transgenomics, entails moving many large genomic inserts of a donor species into the wild type background of a recipient species and then screening for dominant phenotypic effects. As a proof of concept, we recently conducted a transgenomic screen that analyzed more than 1100 random, large genomic inserts of the Alabama gladecress Leavenworthia alabamica for dominant phenotypic effects in the A. thaliana background. This screen identified one insert that shortens fruit and decreases A. thaliana fertility. In this paper we discuss the principles of transgenomic screens and suggest methods to help minimize the frequencies of false positive and false negative results. We argue that, because transgenomics avoids committing in advance to candidate genes it has the potential to help us identify truly novel genes or cryptic functions of known genes. Given the valuable knowledge that is likely to be gained, we believe the time is ripe for the plant evolutionary community to invest in transgenomic screens, at least in the mustard family Brassicaceae where many species are amenable to efficient transformation.
Attribute-based proxy re-encryption method for revocation in cloud data storage

In the big data era, many users upload data to cloud while security concerns are growing. By using attribute-based encryption (ABE), users can securely store data in cloud while exerting access control over it. Revocation is necessary for real-world applications of ABE so that revoked users can no longer decrypt data. In actual implementations, however, revocation requires re-encryption of data in client side through download, decrypt, encrypt, and upload, which results in huge communication cost between the client and the cloud depending on the data size. In this paper, we propose a new method where the data can be re-encrypted in cloud without downloading any data. The experimental result showed that our method reduces the communication cost by one quarter in comparison with the trivial solution where re-encryption is performed in client side.
BMP Signaling Is Necessary for Patterning the Sensory and Nonsensory Regions of the Developing Mammalian Cochlea

The mammalian inner ear detects sound with the organ of Corti, an intricately patterned region of the cochlea in which one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells are surrounded by specialized supporting cells. The organ of Corti derives from a prosensory domain that runs the length of the cochlear duct and is bounded by two nonsensory domains, Kölliker's organ on the neural side and the outer sulcus on the abneural side. Although much progress has been made in identifying the signals regulating organ of Corti induction and differentiation, less is known about the mechanisms that establish sensory and nonsensory territories in the cochlear duct. Here, we show that a gradient of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is established in the abneural–neural axis of the cochlea. Analysis of compound mutants of Alk3/6 type I BMP receptors shows that BMP signaling is necessary for specification of the prosensory domain destined to form the organ of Corti. Reduction of BMP signaling in Alk3/6 compound mutants eliminates both the future outer sulcus and the prosensory domain, with all cells expressing markers of Kölliker's organ. BMP4 upregulates markers of the future outer sulcus and downregulates marker genes of Kölliker's organ in cochlear organ cultures in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest BMP signaling is required for patterning sensory and nonsensory tissue in the mammalian cochlea.
Does Deliberation Breed an Appetite for Discursive Participation? Assessing the Impact of First-Hand Experience

Various deliberative practices have been argued to constitute viable supplements to traditional representative decision making. At the same time, doubts have been raised as to whether ordinary citizens want to be involved in such demanding forms of political participation. This question has been difficult to resolve since few citizens have had the chance to take part in genuine deliberative practices. For this reason, we examine how participation in a deliberative mini-public affected attitudes towards discursive participation as a supplement to representative decision making. Moreover, we investigate how group composition and individual-level factors affect these developments. Our data come from an experimental deliberative forum on the issue of immigration arranged in Finland in 2012. The results suggest that the participants grew more positive towards the use of deliberative practices regardless of individual socio-demographic resources, whereas the effects of prior political engagement depend on the composition of the group the participants were assigned to.
Weighted trust evaluation-based malicious node detection for wireless sensor networks

Deployed in a hostile environment, the individual Sensor Node (SN) of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) could be easily compromised by an adversary due to constraints such as limited memory space and computing capability. Therefore, it is critical to detect and isolate compromised nodes in order to avoid being misled by the falsified information injected by adversaries through compromised nodes. However, it is challenging to secure the flat topology networks effectively because of the poor scalability and high communication overhead. On top of a hierarchical WSN architecture, a novel algorithm based on Weighted Trust Evaluation (WTE) to detect malicious nodes for hierarchical sensor networks is proposed in this paper. The hierarchical network can reduce the communication overhead among SNs by utilising clustered topology. The proposed algorithm models a cluster of SNs and detects malicious nodes by examining their weights that represent the reliability of SNs. Through intensive simulations, the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed detection algorithm are verified.
Simulation Analysis of Routing Protocols using Manhattan Grid Mobility Model in MANET

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructure less network of mobile devices connected by wireless links. In this network technology, simulative analysis is a significant method to understand the performance of routing protocols. In this paper three protocols AODV, DSDV and DSR were simulated using Manhattan Grid Mobility Model. The reactive (AODV, DSR) and proactive (DSDV) protocol's internal mechanism leads to considerable performance difference. The performance differentials are analyzed using NS-2 which is the main network simulator, NAM (Network Animator), AWK (post processing script) and were compared in terms of Packet Delivery Fraction (PDF), Average end-to- end Delay and Throughput, in different environments specified by varying network load , mobility rate and number of nodes. Our results presented in this research work demonstrate the performance analysis of AODV, DSDV and DSR routing protocols. It has been observed that, under Manhattan Grid mobility model, AODV and DSR performs better than DSDV in terms of PDF and Throughput. However in term of Average end-to-end Delay, DSDV appears to be the best one. KeywordsDSR, DSDV, Performance Parameters, Network Simulator (NS-2), Mobile Ad hoc Network, Manhattan Grid Mobility Model, BONNMOTION.
Moving the Default Memory Manager Out of the Mach Kernel

1. Abstract We have implemented a default memory manager for the Mach 3.0 kernel that resides entirely in user space. The default memory manager uses a small set of kernel privileges to lock itself into memory, preventing deadlocks against other Mach system services. An extension to the Mach boot sequence loads both the kernel and user program images at system startup time. The resulting system allows the default memory manager to be built and run in a standard user-level environment, but still operates with the high reliability required by the Mach kernel.
Statistical and Neural-Network Approaches for the Classification of Induction Machine Faults Using the Ambiguity Plane Representation

A novel hybrid feature-reduction methodology is proposed as a contribution to the induction motor fault classification, to improve the classification rate of the current waveform events related to varieties of induction machine faults. This methodology relies on the combination of a feature-extraction technique based on the smoothed ambiguity plane designed for maximizing the separability between classes using Fisher's discriminant ratio, with the feature-selection technique, based on the proposed error-probability model to select an optimal number of the extracted features. This model depends on two parameters, namely, the smoothing kernel used to derive the features and the distance measurement. The proposed methodology is validated experimentally on a 5.5-kW induction motor test bench, and their performances are compared with the classification algorithm based on neural networks with sigmoid and wavelets in hidden neurons, known as a flexible tool for learning and recognizing system faults. The results obtained show an accurate classification independent from the load level.
Robust visual tracking via ranking SVM

In this paper, we tackle the tracking problem in a quite other viewpoint, ranking. First, the ranking SVM is employed to learn a ranking function. Then, the ranking function ranks every instance sampled from the next frame, and the instance with the most preferred ranking score is assumed to be the object. Experiments of extensively quantitative and qualitative comparisons on public videos show the superior performance of our tracker over several state-of-the-art tracking algorithms.
PHASE-COHERENT TIMING OF THE ACCRETING MILLISECOND PULSAR SAX J1748.9−2021

We present a phase-coherent timing analysis of the intermittent accreting millisecond pulsar SAX J1748.9−2021. A new timing solution for the pulsar spin period and the Keplerian binary orbital parameters was achieved by phase connecting all episodes of intermittent pulsations visible during the 2001 outburst. We investigate the pulse profile shapes, their energy dependence, and the possible influence of Type I X-ray bursts on the time of arrival and fractional amplitude of the pulsations. We find that the timing solution of SAX J1748.9−2021 shows an erratic behavior when selecting different subsets of data, which is related to substantial timing noise in the timing postfit residuals. The pulse profiles are very sinusoidal and their fractional amplitude linearly increases with energy, and no second harmonic is detected. The reason why this pulsar is intermittent is still unknown but we can rule out a one-to-one correspondence between Type I X-ray bursts and the appearance of the pulsations.
Cryptic and not-so-cryptic species in the complex “Holothuria (Thymiosycia) imaptiens” (Forsskål, 1775) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Holothuriidae)

Identifying accurately species is critical for our understanding of patterns of diversity and speciation. However, for many organisms with simple and variable morphological traits, the characters traditionally used by taxonomists to identify species might lead to a considerable under appreciation of their diversity. Recent advances in molecular-data based computational methods have considerably improved our ability to identify and test species limits. Here, we use an integrative approach to delineate species in a complex of sea cucumbers. We used a three-step approach to show that “Holothuria impatiens”, a common, shallow-water species, occurring across the Indo-Pacific, the Western Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, targeted locally by fisheries, is a complex of at least 13 species. (1) We used the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) model to identify putative species without a priori hypotheses. In the process, we also show that the number of putative species estimated with GMYC can be affected considerably by the priors used to build the input tree. (2) We assessed based on coloration patterns and distributional information, the most relevant hypothesis. This approach allowed us to identify unambiguously 9 species. However, some of the lineages consistently assigned to belong to different species using GMYC, are occurring in sympatry and are not differentiated morphologically. (3) We used Bayes factors to compare competing models of species assignment using the multispecies coalescent as implemented in *BEAST. This approach allowed us to validate that the species identified using GMYC were likely reproductively isolated. Estimates of the timing of diversification also showed that these species diverged less than 2 Ma, which is the fastest case of closely related species occurring in sympatry for a marine metazoan. Our study demonstrates how clarifying species limits contribute to refining our understanding of speciation.
Edge Detection by Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System

Neuro-fuzzy (NF) systems are very suitable tools to deal with uncertainty encountered in the process of extracting useful information from images. We present a novel adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for edge detection in digital images. The internal parameters of the proposed ANFIS edge detector are optimized by training using very simple artificial images. The edges are directly determined by ANFIS network. The proposed ANFIS edge detector is tested on popular images having different image properties and also compared with popular edge detectors from the literature. Experimental results show that the proposed ANFIS edge detector exhibits much better performance than the competing operators and may efficiently be used for the detection of edges in digital images. Keywordsadaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system; edge detection; machine vision
RESUSCITATION FROM SEPTIC SHOCK WITH CAPILLARY LEAKAGE: HYDROXYETHYL STARCH (130 KD), BUT NOT RINGER’S SOLUTION MAINTAINS PLASMA VOLUME AND SYSTEMIC OXYGENATION

There is evidence suggesting that early fluid resuscitation is beneficial in the treatment of septic shock. The question as to which solution should be used remains controversial. Using a porcine septic shock model, we tested the effects of a new synthetic colloid hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130 kD) and a crystalloid regimen with Ringer’s solution (RS) on plasma volume (PV) maintenance as well as on systemic and regional hemodynamics. Fourteen anaesthetized mechanically ventilated pigs received 0.75 g kg−1 body weight of feces into the abdominal cavity to induce sepsis. They were randomly allocated to receive 6% HES 130 kD (n = 5) or RS (n = 5) and were compared with nonseptic controls receiving 6% HES 130 kD (n = 4). The infusion rate was titrated to maintain a central venous pressure of 12 mmHg. PV was determined by chromium-51-tagged erythrocytes and hematocrit. Albumin escape rate (AER) was calculated using iodine-125-labeled albumin. Arterio-intramucosal pCO2 gap, systemic hemodynamics, and oxygenation were obtained before and 6 h after induction of sepsis. AER increased in the HES (+38%) and RS groups (+38%) compared with control. PV was reduced in the RS group (−39%), but was maintained in the HES group (−1%). After 6 h of sepsis, HES 130 kD-treated animals had a significantly higher cardiac output (166 ± 28 mL min−1 kg−1 vs. 90 ± 18 mL min−1 kg−1, P < 0.05), and a significantly higher mixed-venous oxygen saturation (65% ± 8% vs. 40% ± 14%, P < 0.05) than RS animals. In this porcine septic shock model with concomitant capillary leakage syndrome, resuscitation with HES 130 kD but not RS could maintain PV and preserve systemic hemodynamics and oxygenation.