Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A chromosome end satellite of Rhynchosciara americana (Diptera: Sciaridae) resembling nematoceran telomeric repeats

The characterization of chromosome end sequences of Rhynchosciara americana was initiated with the screening of a plasmid microlibrary made from a microdissected polytene chromosome tip. A 268 bp insert chosen for analysis hybridized specifically to non‐telocentric chromosome ends in which reverse transcriptase had been previously identified. Southern‐blot hybridization of R. americana genomic DNA cut with XbaI, the only restriction site identified in the 268 bp probe, showed a ladder composed of multimers of a band in the range of 400 bp indicating a tandem array of the repeat partially represented in the cloned fragment. The complete repeat unit obtained by inverse PCR is 414 bp long, 67% AT‐rich, characterized by the restriction sites XbaI and SalI and displays features typical of a nematoceran telomeric satellite. The telomere‐like repeat is apparently absent from the chromosomes of two other Rhynchosciara species, R. baschanti and R. milleri. Double staining for satellite hybridization and reverse transcriptase in R. americana suggests that the arrays composed of the telomeric‐like satellite do not reach the chromosome ends. This may indicate that telomeric‐like features of some nematoceran terminal satellites do not warrant their telomeric position.
C-terminal Periplasmic Domain of Escherichia coliQuinoprotein Glucose Dehydrogenase Transfers Electrons to Ubiquinone*

Membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) in Escherichia coli donates electrons directly to ubiquinone during the oxidation of d-glucose as a substrate, and these electrons are subsequently transferred to ubiquinol oxidase in the respiratory chain. To determine whether the specific ubiquinone-reacting site of GDH resides in the N-terminal transmembrane domain or in the large C-terminal periplasmic catalytic domain (cGDH), we constructed a fusion protein between the signal sequence of β-lactamase and cGDH. This truncated GDH was found to complement a GDH gene-disrupted strain in vivo. The signal sequence of the fused protein was shown to be cleaved off, and the remaining cGDH was shown to be recovered in the membrane fraction, suggesting that cGDH has a membrane-interacting site that is responsible for binding to membrane, like peripheral proteins. Kinetic analysis and reconstitution experiments revealed that cGDH has ubiquinone reductase activity nearly equivalent to that of the wild-type GDH. Thus, it is likely that the C-terminal periplasmic domain of GDH possesses a ubiquinone-reacting site and transfers electrons directly to ubiquinone.
Variation of the Korotkoff Stethoscope Sounds During Blood Pressure Measurement: Analysis Using a Convolutional Neural Network

Korotkoff sounds are known to change their characteristics during blood pressure (BP) measurement, resulting in some uncertainties for systolic and diastolic pressure (SBP and DBP) determinations. The aim of this study was to assess the variation of Korotkoff sounds during BP measurement by examining all stethoscope sounds associated with each heartbeat from above systole to below diastole during linear cuff deflation. Three repeat BP measurements were taken from 140 healthy subjects (age 21 to 73 years; 62 female and 78 male) by a trained observer, giving 420 measurements. During the BP measurements, the cuff pressure and stethoscope signals were simultaneously recorded digitally to a computer for subsequent analysis. Heartbeats were identified from the oscillometric cuff pressure pulses. The presence of each beat was used to create a time window (1 s, 2000 samples) centered on the oscillometric pulse peak for extracting beat-by-beat stethoscope sounds. A time-frequency two-dimensional matrix was obtained for the stethoscope sounds associated with each beat, and all beats between the manually determined SBPs and DBPs were labeled as “Korotkoff. ” A convolutional neural network was then used to analyze consistency in sound patterns that were associated with Korotkoff sounds. A 10-fold cross-validation strategy was applied to the stethoscope sounds from all 140 subjects, with the data from ten groups of 14 subjects being analyzed separately, allowing consistency to be evaluated between groups. Next, within-subject variation of the Korotkoff sounds analyzed from the three repeats was quantified, separately for each stethoscope sound beat. There was consistency between folds with no significant differences between groups of 14 subjects (P = 0.09 to P = 0.62). Our results showed that 80.7% beats at SBP and 69.5% at DBP were analyzed as Korotkoff sounds, with significant differences between adjacent beats at systole (13.1%, P = 0.001) and diastole (17.4%, P < 0.001). Results reached stability for SBP (97.8%, at sixth beat below SBP) and DBP (98.1%, at sixth beat above DBP) with no significant differences between adjacent beats (SBP P = 0.74; DBP P = 0.88). There were no significant differences at high-cuff pressures, but at low pressures close to diastole there was a small difference (3.3%, P = 0.02). In addition, greater within subject variability was observed at SBP (21.4%) and DBP (28.9%), with a significant difference between both (P < 0.02). In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that Korotkoff sounds can be consistently identified during the period below SBP and above DBP, but that at systole and diastole there can be substantial variations that are associated with high variation in the three repeat measurements in each subject.
Validating Emotional Attention Regulation as a Component of Emotional Intelligence: A Stroop Approach to Individual Differences in Tuning in to and Out of Nonverbal Cues

Emotional intelligence (EI) has captivated researchers and the public alike, but it has been challenging to establish its components as objective abilities. Self-report scales lack divergent validity from personality traits, and few ability tests have objectively correct answers. We adapt the Stroop task to introduce a new facet of EI called emotional attention regulation (EAR), which involves focusing emotion-related attention for the sake of information processing rather than for the sake of regulating one’s own internal state. EAR includes 2 distinct components. First, tuning in to nonverbal cues involves identifying nonverbal cues while ignoring alternate content, that is, emotion recognition under conditions of distraction by competing stimuli. Second, tuning out of nonverbal cues involves ignoring nonverbal cues while identifying alternate content, that is, the ability to interrupt emotion recognition when needed to focus attention elsewhere. An auditory test of valence included positive and negative words spoken in positive and negative vocal tones. A visual test of approach–avoidance included green- and red-colored facial expressions depicting happiness and anger. The error rates for incongruent trials met the key criteria for establishing the validity of an EI test, in that the measure demonstrated test–retest reliability, convergent validity with other EI measures, divergent validity from factors such as general processing speed and mostly personality, and predictive validity in this case for well-being. By demonstrating that facets of EI can be validly theorized and empirically assessed, results also speak to the validity of EI more generally.
Continuation and compliance of contraceptive use

Choosing a method of contraception is an important decision as regards user satisfaction, continuation of use and compliance. The issues of continuation of and compliance with contraceptive use are presented. The continuation rate of a method of contraception is the indicator of the acceptability of that method. The highest continuation rates at the end of the first year are recorded for subdermal implants, intrauterine devices (IUD), the pill and Depo-Provera®. Lower continuation rates are found for periodic abstinence, male condom, female condom, diaphragm and spermicides. Continuation rates are highest for methods not affected by compliance. Compliance indicates the degree to which the patient adheres to a prescribed regimen. Lack of compliance can lead to adverse effects of contraceptive use (unintended pregnancy, side-effects, diminished non-contraceptive health benefits) and to discontinuation of the contraceptive method. Also, differences between method effectiveness and user effectiveness can largely be attributed to compliance with the prescribed contraceptive regimens. Health-care professionals have to empower the patient to increase compliance with the existing methods. In addition, the development and use of new contraceptive methods, which take into account the issues of non-compliance, should be encouraged.
Large‐Scale Screening for Candidate Genes of Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament of the Spine

Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL) is the predominant myelopathy among Japanese, and is usually diagnosed by ectopic bone formation in the paravertebral ligament in Japanese and other Asians. To detect genetic determinants associated with OPLL, we performed an extensive nonparametric linkage study with 126 affected sib‐pairs using markers for various candidate genes by distinct analyses, SIBPAL and GENEHUNTER. Eighty‐eight candidate genes were selected by comparing the genes identified by complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray analysis of systematic gene expression profiles during osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells with the genes known to be involved in bone metabolism. Of the 24 genes regulated during osteoblastic differentiation, only one, the alpha B crystalline gene, showed evidence of linkage (p = 0.016, nonparametric linkage [NPL] score = 1.83). Of 64 genes known to be associated with bone metabolism, 7 showed weak evidence of linkage by SIBPAL analysis (p < 0.05): cadherin 13 (CDH13), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), proteoglycan 1 (PRG1), transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFb3), osteopontin (OPN), parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1), and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Among these genes, BMP4 (NPL = 2.23), CDH13 (NPL = 2.00), TGFb3 (NPL = 1.30), OPN (NPL = 1.15), and PTHR1 (NPL = 1.00) showed evidence of linkage by GENEHUNTER. Only BMP4 reached criteria of suggestive evidence of linkage. Because this gene is a well‐known factor in osteogenetic function, BMP4 should be screened in further study for the polymorphism responsible.
The frequent evolutionary birth and death of functional promoters in mouse and human

Promoters are central to the regulation of gene expression. Changes in gene regulation are thought to underlie much of the adaptive diversification between species and phenotypic variation within populations. In contrast to earlier work emphasizing the importance of enhancer evolution and subtle sequence changes at promoters, we show that dramatic changes such as the complete gain and loss (collectively, turnover) of functional promoters are common. Using quantitative measures of transcription initiation in both humans and mice across 52 matched tissues, we discriminate promoter sequence gains from losses and resolve the lineage of changes. We also identify expression divergence and functional turnover between orthologous promoters, finding only the latter is associated with local sequence changes. Promoter turnover has occurred at the majority (>56%) of protein-coding genes since humans and mice diverged. Tissue-restricted promoters are the most evolutionarily volatile where retrotransposition is an important, but not the sole, source of innovation. There is considerable heterogeneity of turnover rates between promoters in different tissues, but the consistency of these in both lineages suggests that the same biological systems are similarly inclined to transcriptional rewiring. The genes affected by promoter turnover show evidence of adaptive evolution. In mice, promoters are primarily lost through deletion of the promoter containing sequence, whereas in humans, many promoters appear to be gradually decaying with weak transcriptional output and relaxed selective constraint. Our results suggest that promoter gain and loss is an important process in the evolutionary rewiring of gene regulation and may be a significant source of phenotypic diversification.
Quality of Usage as a Neglected Aspect of Information Technology Acceptance

The importance of user acceptance on the success of information technology (IT) implementations in organizations is widely acknowledged. Many contributions analyzed determinants of usage behavior and concluded in different behavioral models. However, most of these contributions conceptualized the quantity of usage like duration or frequency as the dependent variable. Beyond simple measures such as amount of use, the manner and form of usage should represent a new area for deeper understanding of technology usage. This paper aims to answer this call by recognizing "quality of usage" as a main aspect of IT usage behavior besides "quantity of usage". It is postulated that both measures have to be taken into account for explaining IT implementation success. Quality of usage seems to be of particular importance for explaining different outcomes of IT implementations when usage is compulsory in organizations. Hartwick and Barki (1994) stated that a mandatory nature of usage makes it meaningless as an indicator of system success, referring to quantity of usage. This paper postulates that in mandatory situations in organizations, where individuals can't determine their quantity of usage themselves, the consideration of usage quality offers an approach in order to understand different IT implementation outcomes. Based on former models of IT acceptance, a theoretical framework is build in order to explain (1) the determinants of quality of usage and (2) the impact of perceived usage compulsion on usage behavior. The research on this topic is in progress, no empirical validation of this framework has been done so far.
Matching Teacher Production With National Needs In Nigeria: A Periscope

This paper examines the relationship between national needs and teacher production in Nigeria. By so doing, it discusses the pioneering efforts of missionaries towards teacher training. The paper brings into limelight the government developmental efforts from the Colonial era to date towards the expansion, diversification and management of teacher training institutions and programmes. In spite of the government’s efforts, available literature have shown that the issues of teacher quantity, quality and variety are posing serious challenges to the attainment of educational goals in Nigeria. It was concluded that unless these issues are concomitantly addressed, the nation’s vision 20:2020 will remain rhetoric. It is on the basis of this that the paper recommends adequate remuneration of teachers to boost morale and improve their societal image, review of entry requirement of students and evolvement of statistical data in areas of teachers shortages, among others.
Social skills and sex‐role functioning in borderline personality disorder: relationship to self‐mutilating behavior

This study compared the social skills functioning and sex role affiliation of female inpatients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder who engaged in self‐mutilating behavior (n = 30) with female patients with borderline personality disorder who did not engage in such behavior (n = 18). Patients with borderline personality disorder who engaged in self‐mutilating behavior were found to have relatively poorer skills in communicating non‐verbal emotional information to others and in receiving and interpreting such information from others. In terms of sex role orientation, patients who engaged in self‐mutilating behavior were significantly more likely than non‐mutilators to be typed as undifferentiated using the Bem Sex Role Inventory. These participants were less likely to identify with either masculine or feminine sex roles. Patients who did not self‐mutilate were found to be significantly more likely than those who did self‐mutilate to identify with the masculine sex role.
Correlates of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in the United States and Puerto Rico

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine associations between demographic, behavioral, and clinical variables and mother-to-child HIV transmission in 15 US jurisdictions for birth years 2005 through 2008. METHODS: The study used Enhanced Perinatal Surveillance system data for HIV-infected women who gave birth to live infants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess variables associated with mother-to-child transmission. RESULTS: Among 8054 births, 179 infants (2.2%) were diagnosed with HIV infection. Half of the births had at least 1 missed prevention opportunity: 74.3% of infected infants, 52.1% of uninfected infants. Among 7757 mother–infant pairs with sufficient data for analysis, the odds of having an HIV-infected infant were higher for women who received late testing or no prenatal antiretroviral medications (odds ratio: 2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5–4.0] and 3.5 [95% CI: 2.0–6.4], respectively). The odds for mothers who breastfed were 4.6 times (95% CI: 2.2–9.8) the odds for those who did not breastfeed. The adjusted odds for women with CD4 counts <200 cells per microliter were 2.4 times (95% CI: 1.4–4.2) those for women with CD4 counts ≥500 cells per microliter. The odds for women who abused substances were twice (95% CI: 1.4–2.9) those for women who did not. CONCLUSIONS: The odds of having an HIV-infected infant were higher among HIV-infected women who were tested late, had no antiretroviral medications, abused substances, breastfed, or had lower CD4 cell counts. Increases in earlier HIV diagnosis, substance abuse treatment, avoidance of breastfeeding, and use of prenatal antiretroviral medications are critical in eliminating perinatal HIV infections in the United States.
REKONSTRUKSI PENGELOLAAN WAKAF: BELAJAR PENGELOLAAN WAKAF DARI BANGLADESH DAN MALAYSIA

Waqf is a unique Islamic economic instruments that bases its function on the elements of virtue ( birr ), goodness ( ihsan ) and fraternity (brotherhood). Therefore, in order endowments can be managed productively, it is proper we reconstruct the management of waqf in Indonesia to study and reflect on the country or institution that has been able to manage endowments properly. This article examines the management of waqf of Bangladesh and Malaysia. Focussing assessments on critical thinking and innovative endowments management system, covering Operationalization of the Social Investment Bank Limited in Bangladesh, Operationalization Certificate Endowments Money, Cash Waqf in Malaysia. The systems offered by Bangladesh and Malaysia are the commercial-style systems. Such trends illustrate that the strengthening of the role of endowments in both countries have been reconstruction (an increase towards better), namely (1) from the traditional to the waqf endowments productive, (2) of the goods remains to move goods, in this case the cash endowments, and ( 3) from the beginning that only relies on traditional instruments which is taking a direct benefit from the existing endowment, the endowment development efforts through commercial instruments. If Indonesian muslims are able to carry out that reconstruction on a large scale, it will show the positive implications of the activities of the cash endowments, cash endowments have unique opportunities for the creation of an investment in the fields of religion, education and social services. Keywords; reconstruction, management system , w aqf
Expression of somatic DNA repair genes in human testes

Meiosis is the key process for recombination and reduction of the diploid chromosome set to a haploid one. Many genes that have been found in yeast or mouse models to play a role in meiosis are also important for the repair of DNA damage in somatic cells. To study the DNA repair gene transcriptome during male germ cell development, we have developed a specialized cDNA microarray with 181 human genes which are involved in different somatic DNA repair pathways and/or cell cycle control and 45 control house‐keeping genes. This DNA repair gene chip was used to quantify the mRNA expression levels in three human testes samples versus a fibroblast RNA pool. Two hundred twenty genes on the chip (including house‐keeping genes) showed detectable expression levels in adult testes. Sixty‐four DNA repair‐ and cell cycle‐associated genes showed higher expression levels in testicular cells than in mitotically dividing fibroblasts and, therefore, are likely to be implicated in meiosis. The microarray results of 17 genes with increased expression levels were validated with reverse Northern blots or real‐time quantitative RT PCR. Systematic analyses of the meiotic DNA repair gene transcriptome may provide new insights into the genetics of male (in)fertility. J. Cell. Biochem. 100: 1232–1239, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temperature-induced stress on growth and expression of hsp in freshwater alga Scenedesmus quadricauda.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of various levels of sublethal temperature (26 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 33 degrees C, 36 degrees C, and 39 degrees C) on growth and heat shock protein (hsp) expression in freshwater green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda. METHODS Impact of selected levels of temperature on growth rate (based on optical density), population count, chlorophyll-a and biomass of the alga was evaluated in artificial growth medium for 19 days. To determine the induction of hsp in the alga, it was exposed to selected temperature levels for 3 h and further kept for 6 h at culturing condition at 26 degrees C. Induction of hsp was confirmed by immuno-detection followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS The selected growth parameters such as growth rate, population count, chlorophyll-a and biomass were reduced significantly (P < 0.001) at 39 degrees C. However, hsp 70 expression was observed only at 39 degrees C. CONCLUSION Temperature up to 36 degrees C may be considered as the limit of safe exposure for thermal stress for the alga Scenedesmus quadricauda.
Psychiatric and Social Outcome of Liver Transplantation

Background This study measures psychiatric morbidity, quality of life, and cognitive function after liver transplantation. Method We undertook a cross-sectional study, with a longitudinal subgroup. The setting was a tertiary referral centre for liver transplantation. The subjects were 30 post-liver-transplantation patients, including 11 also interviewed before the operation. The main outcome measures were the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results Of the patients, 8/30 were CIS cases, and 7/30 were GHQ cases. NHP scores were higher than a previous postal study indicated, with less impairment after than before transplant. MMSE scores were 24–30. Median GHQ was 7.0 before operation and 1.0 after operation (P = 0.03), with no significant change in CIS score. Conclusion Liver transplantation improves quality of life, but not to the level of the general population; post-transplantation patients have a prevalence of psychiatric morbidity comparable with that of general medical patients.