Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of Full Text Search in Structured and Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Systems

While structured P2P systems (such as DHTs) are often regarded as an improvement over unstructured P2P systems (such as super-peer networks) in terms of routing efficiency, it is not clear which architecture is better for full text search. This paper provides a quantitative comparison of full text keyword search in structured and unstructured P2P systems. We examine three techniques (and optimizations to those techniques) proposed in the literature: using a DHT along with inverted lists and Bloom filters; using a super-peer network; and using a random walk over an unstructured network. We use real Web documents and user queries to measure the cost for both document publishing and query processing, in terms of bandwidth and response time. Our results show that all three techniques use roughly the same bandwidth to process queries (with the super-peer technique having a slight edge). The structured network provides the best response time (30 percent better than a super-peer network), but has a high cost of document publishing, using six times as much bandwidth as the super-peer system. The random walk technique requires no publishing, but has a very long response time unless multiple random walks operate in parallel.
Monitoring and controlling bank risk: does risky debt serve any purpose?

To examine whether mandating banks to issue subordinated debt would enhance market monitoring and control risk-taking, the authors extract the credit-spread curve for each banking firm in their sample. After controlling for changes in market and liquidity variables, they find that changes in credit spreads do not reflect changes in bank risk variables. The result is robust to firm type, examination rating, size, leverage, and profitability, as well as to different model specifications. They also find that issuing subordinated debt does not alter banks' risk-taking behavior. They conclude that a mandatory subordinated debt requirement for banks is unlikely to provide the intended benefits of enhancing risk-monitoring or controlling risk-taking.
Centralized P2P Streaming with MDC

Peer-to-peer networking technique represents a vast potential to overcome many constraints in the conventional content distribution networks. In this paper, we propose centralized peer-to-peer (P2P) video streaming with multiple-description coding. Centralized P2P streaming with single and multiple forwarding peers are studied in this paper. We compare between the network loads at the bottleneck link of the client/server framework and that of the proposed framework. The reconstructed video qualities are evaluated in several experiments. We also analyze the frame dropout rates for the proposed system
A Logic for Constrained Process Calculi with Applications to Molecular Biology

Linear implication can represent state transitions, but real transition systems operate under temporal, stochastic or probabilistic constraints that are not directly representable in ordinary linear logic. We propose a general modal extension of intuitionistic linear logic where logical truth is indexed by constraints and hybrid connectives combine constraint reasoning with logical reasoning. The logic has a focused cut-free sequent calculus that can be used to internalize the rules of particular constrained transition systems; we illustrate this with an adequate encoding of the synchronous stochastic pi-calculus that has been used to encode a number of biochemical reaction systems. We also discuss direct encodings of biochemical reactions in suitable (temporal and stochastic) fragments of the logic.
Parallel Algorithms for Adaptive Quadrature. III. Program Correctness

This is the third in a sequence of papers on parallel algorithms for adaptive quadrature. The primary aim is to study the rate of convergence achieved by such algorithms. Here we prove that a specific algorithm (computer program) achieves the optimal rate of convergence which has been established by the previous papers. More specifically, under certain reasonable hypotheses, it is proved that this program terminates with a quadrature estimate within the prescribed input accuracy requirement and that this estimate is computed with a number of integrand evaluations of a specified order as the accuracy requirement goes to zero. Since operational parallel computers are still rare, the program is given in a pseudo-Fortran for a hypothetical true (multiple instruction stream, multiple data stream) parallel computer. A simulation shows that this algorithm has a reasonable speed-up, although it is not optimal in this paper.
Histopathologic and Radiologic Assessment of Chemotherapeutic Response in Ewing's Sarcoma: A Review

Ewing's sarcoma is a highly malignant tumor that metastasizes rapidly and is thus associated with a low survival rate. The intensification of chemotherapy has been shown to improve the overall survival of patients with Ewing's sarcoma. However, intensified chemotherapy can lead to increased toxicity or even the development of secondary malignancies. The stratification of patients with Ewing's sarcoma into “good” and “poor” responders may help guide the administration of progressively more intensified chemotherapy. Thus, an accurate assessment of the chemotherapeutic response, as well as the extent of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis, is critical for avoiding potential treatment-related complications in these patients. This paper reviews the methods currently used to evaluate chemotherapeutic response in Ewing's sarcoma, focusing specifically on histopathologic and imaging analyses, and discusses novel therapies and imaging methods that may help improve the overall survival of these patients.
NEUTRINO SIGNATURES AND THE NEUTRINO-DRIVEN WIND IN BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS

We present VULCAN/2D multigroup flux-limited-diffusion radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of binary neutron star mergers, using the Shen equation of state, covering ≳ 100 ms, and starting from azimuthal-averaged two-dimensional slices obtained from three-dimensional smooth-particle-hydrodynamics simulations of Rosswog & Price for 1.4 M☉(baryonic) neutron stars with no initial spins, co-rotating spins, or counter-rotating spins. Snapshots are post-processed at 10 ms intervals with a multiangle neutrino-transport solver. We find polar-enhanced neutrino luminosities, dominated by and “νμ” neutrinos at the peak, although νe emission may be stronger at late times. We obtain typical peak neutrino energies for νe, , and “νμ” of ∼ 12, ∼ 16, and ∼ 22 MeV, respectively. The supermassive neutron star (SMNS) formed from the merger has a cooling timescale of ≲ 1 s. Charge-current neutrino reactions lead to the formation of a thermally driven bipolar wind with 10−3 M☉ s−1 and baryon-loading in the polar regions, preventing any production of a γ-ray burst prior to black hole formation. The large budget of rotational free energy suggests that magneto-rotational effects could produce a much-greater polar mass loss. We estimate that ≲ 10−4 M☉ of material with an electron fraction in the range 0.1–0.2 becomes unbound during this SMNS phase as a result of neutrino heating. We present a new formalism to compute the annihilation rate based on moments of the neutrino-specific intensity computed with our multiangle solver. Cumulative annihilation rates, which decay as ∼t−1.8, decrease over our 100 ms window from a few ×1050 to ∼ 1049 erg s−1, equivalent to a few ×1054 to ∼ 1053 e−e+ pairs per second.
Sequential activation of Elk-1/Egr-1/GADD45α by arsenic

Long-term exposure to arsenic, an environmental contaminant, leads to increased risks of cancers. In the present study, we investigated the sequential regulation of Elk-1 and Egr-1 on As3+-induced GADD45α, an effector of G2/M checkpoint. We found that As3+ transcriptionally induced both Elk-1 and Egr-1, and NF-κB binding site was necessary for As3+-induced Egr-1 promoter activity. However, specific inhibition of JNK, ERK, and Elk-1 inhibited Egr-1 induction. Furthermore, silencing of Egr-1 downregulated As3+-induced expression of GADD45α and ChIP assay confirmed the direct binding of Egr-1 to GADD45α promoter. Taken together, our data indicated that the increase of GADD45α in response to As3+ was mediated sequentially by Elk-1 and Egr-1.
Content based Trademark Retrieval by Integrating Shape with Colour and Texture Information

is one of the most disputed items in Intellectual Property Rights. To grant a trademark, litigation is carried out to investigate if the new trademark applied for matches substantially with an already issued trademark. Considering the fact that the trademark database is very huge and keeps on increasing constantly, the manual search is definitely not a correct solution and an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based system is required to automate this process. In a content based retrieval system, shape is easily the most important feature for the trademark image. Using shape feature various systems have been developed in the past. Here, a new approach is proposed that integrates shape with color and texture information that improves the results significantly in terms of Precision and Recall. A flexible combination of features is used for improving performance and clustering is applied to the database to enhance retrieval efficiency.
Cytosolic BNIP3 Dimer Interacts with Mitochondrial BAX Forming Heterodimers in the Mitochondrial Outer Membrane under Basal Conditions

The primary function of mitochondria is energy production, a task of particular importance especially for cells with a high energy demand like cardiomyocytes. The B-cell lymphoma (BCL-2) family member BCL-2 adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) is linked to mitochondrial targeting after homodimerization, where it functions in inner membrane depolarization and permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) mediating cell death. We investigated the basal distribution of cardiac BNIP3 in vivo and its physical interaction with the pro-death protein BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator (BAX) and with mitochondria using immunoblot analysis, co-immunoprecipitation, and continuous wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques. We found that BNIP3 is present as a dimer in the cytosol and in the outer membrane of cardiac mitochondria under basal conditions. It forms disulfide-bridged, but mainly non-covalent dimers in the cytosol. Heterodimers with BAX are formed exclusively in the MOM. Furthermore, our results suggest that BNIP3 interacts with the MOM directly via mitochondrial BAX. However, the physical interactions with BAX and the MOM did not affect the membrane potential and cell viability. These findings suggest that another stimulus other than the mere existence of the BNIP3/BAX dimer in the MOM is required to promote BNIP3 cell-death activity; this could be a potential disturbance of the BNIP3 distribution homeostasis, namely in the direction of the mitochondria.
Trajectory estimation for a hybrid rocket

This paper presents a research work to develop a navigation technique for a class of nano-micro space rocket. Onboard MEMS inertial sensors are used in view of post-flight trajectory estimation. Combined with synchronized measurements of the combustion engine which is of hybrid type and uses N2O and PE, we show how the relative redundancy of the data can be used to calibrate a thrust model. Experimental results are presented and stress the numerous difficulties needed to be resolved. Quantitative results are provided along with estimates of the obtained accuracy.
The Roles of Parents in Shaping Fathering Across Generations in Cebu, Philippines

Objective: This study examined how parental caregiving and parent–child closeness are associated with future fathering among 335 Filipino men who are participants in a long-running birth cohort study. Background Few studies have multidecade longitudinal data to test the pathways through which parenting is transmitted across generations, with most relevant research conducted in the United States, Europe, and other similar settings. The roles of mothers and fathers in shaping their sons’ future parenting is particularly understudied despite fathers having the potential to positively influence child health and development. Method: Participants’ mothers (Generation 1 [G1]) reported on caregiving during Generation 2 (G2) participants’ early life, and the G2 males reported parent–child digitalcommons.unl. edu Published in Journal of Marriage and Family 81 (June 2019): 662–678 DOI:10.1111/jomf.12568 Copyright © 2019 National Council on Family Relations; published by Wiley. Used by permission. Gettler et al . in Journal of Marriage and Family 81 (2019) 2 closeness during adolescence. G2 fathers reported on their own child-care involvement and the salience of caregiving to their parenting identity. We tested whether parent–child closeness moderated the effect of early-life care to predict later-life fathering. Results: G1-G2 closeness moderated the association between G1 parents’ caregiving and G2 fathers’ parenting identity (for both G1 parents) and caregiving time (for G1 fathers only). When the G1-G2 mother–son relationship was not close, there was a negative correlation between G1 maternal care and G2 fathers’ caregiving identity. For G2 men who were close to their fathers, there were positive associations between G1 paternal care and G2 fathers’ caregiving identity and time, respectively. Among G2 men who were not close to their fathers, the slopes relating G1 paternal care to G2 fathers’ caregiving identity and time, respectively, were negative. Conclusion: These findings reflect that developmental experiences with both mothers and fathers are predictive of men’s identity as parents in adulthood and that closeness between fathers and sons moderates whether sons’ paternal care tends to emulate or diverge from their fathers’ caregiving patterns.
An autonomic knowledge monitoring scheme for trust management on mobile ad hoc networks

An important characteristic in trust management frameworks is how nodes obtain information about the trustworthiness of other nodes. Some trust management models are based on local information, while others use both information of neighbors and remote nodes. Despite the wide of information used, the existing trust monitoring approaches are mainly based either on passive monitoring mechanisms or on active monitoring mechanisms. While passive monitoring suffers from limitations ranging from strict antenna requirements to high battery use, active dissemination alternatives generate extra overhead to the resource constrained mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In this paper, we propose a new knowledge monitoring scheme for trust management on MANETs based on autonomic principles. The proposed scheme minimizes the overhead using transiting packets on the network to update nodes knowledge about other nodes trustworthiness. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism improves significantly the performance of underlying network, providing a sufficient correct knowledge about nodes trustworthiness required by trust management frameworks.
Trace-Orthonormal Full-Diversity Cyclotomic Space–Time Codes

In this paper, we consider the design of full-diversity space-time codes for a coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. Starting from both the information theoretic and detection error viewpoints, we first establish that a desirable property for general linear dispersion (LD) codes is to have an interunitary as well as an intraunitary structure-a structure we call trace-orthonormality. By imposing the trace-orthonormal structure on an LD code and applying cyclotomic number theory, we establish, for an arbitrary number of transmitter and receiver antennas, a systematic and simple method to jointly design a unitary cyclotomic matrix, the Diophantine number, and the corresponding constellation for an LD code. As a result, this enables us to construct full-diversity rectangular cyclotomic LD codes with any symbol transmission rate less than or equal to the number of transmitter antennas. In addition, for the case when the number of transmitter antennas is greater than the number of receiver antennas, by taking advantage of the delay, we also arrive at the design of a special trace-orthonormal full-diversity cyclotomic space-time block code which, for the number of transmitter antenna being equal to 2m, can be proved to minimize the worst case pairwise error probability of a maximum-likelihood (ML) detector for a q-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal constellation and, therefore, achieves optimal coding gain. Computer simulations show that these codes have bit-error performance advantages over currently available codes
A novel adaptive ray-space interpolation based on row directionality detection for Free Viewpoint Video

Ray-space interpolation is one of the key technologies to utilize Free Viewpoint Video (FVV). A novel ray-space interpolation method is proposed in the paper. Detection of ray directionality is based on a whole row of pixels to establish the search direction, then adaptive judgment is made as to whether the detection of ray directionality based on pixel by pixel analysis is needed and a reasonable directionality searching step is adopted. The proposed method not only decreases the computing complexity greatly, but also produces excellent virtual images that keep a relatively high definition of edges and textures of objects appearing in the scene.
Algorithm 809: PREQN: Fortran 77 subroutines for preconditioning the conjugate gradient method

PREQN is a package of Fortran 77 subroutins for automatically generating preconditioners for the conjugate gradient method. It is designed for solving a sequence of linear systems <italic>A<subscrpt>i</subscrpt>x</italic> = <italic>b<subscrpt>i</subscrpt></italic>, <italic>i</italic> = 1…, <italic>t</italic>, where the coefficient matrices <italic>A<subscrpt>i<subscrpt></italic> are symmetric and positive definite and vary slowly. Problems of this type arise, for example, in nonlinear optimization. The preconditioners are based on limited-memory quasi-Newton updating and are recommended for problems in which (i) the coefficient matrices are not explicitly known and only matrix-vector products of the form <italic>A<subscrpt>i</subscrpt>v</italic> can be computed; or (ii) the coefficient matrices are not sparse. PREQN is written so that a single call from a conjugate gradient routine performs the preconditioning operation and stores information needed for the generation of a new preconditioner.
Public cloud computing for Software as a Service platforms

As cloud computing becomes increasingly popular among enterprises, organizations and developers, it is time to consider how Software as a Service solutions can be built rapidly and cost effectively. This paper presents the possibility of using a service-based architecture operating within the framework of the public cloud computing model and implementing Software as a Service. It also describes the architecture, implementation and testing of sample applications. The conclusions drawn with respect to related work and the results obtained shed more light on the application of public cloud systems for Software as a Service purposes.
Understanding Unsuccessful Executions in Big-Data Systems

Big-data applications are being increasingly used in today's large-scale data enters for a large variety of purposes, such as solving scientific problems, running enterprise services, and computing data-intensive tasks. Due to the growing scale of these systems and the complexity of running applications, jobs running in big-data systems experience unsuccessful terminations of different nature. While a large body of existing studies sheds light on failures occurred in large-scale data enters, the current literature overlooks the characteristics and the performance impairment of a broader class of unsuccessful executions which can arise due to application failures, dependency violations, machine constraints, job kills, and task pre-emption. Nonetheless, deepening our understanding in this field is of paramount importance, as unsuccessful executions can lower user satisfaction, impair reliability, and lead to a high resource waste. In this paper, we describe the problem of unsuccessful executions in big-data systems, and highlight the critical importance of improving our knowledge on this subject. We review the existing literature on this field, discuss its limitations, and present our own contributions to the problem, along with our research plan for the future.
Brief report: assessing adherence to pediatric antiretroviral regimens using the 24-hour recall interview.

OBJECTIVE Examine the 24-hr Recall Interview (24RI) for assessing children's antiretroviral medication adherence. METHODS Caregivers of 54 children with HIV (aged 2-12 years) completed a clinical adherence interview and the 24RI by telephone. Children's viral load and 3-month pharmacy records were obtained. RESULTS Thirty-seven percent of children missed > or = 1 dose of medicine over 3 days. In 22% of the samples, adherence varied across medications. The 24RI adherence scores (Frequency, Interval, and Dietary Adherence) were moderately reliable across the three interviews. Pharmacy refill rates were significantly related to viral load, and 24RI barriers were marginally significantly related to viral load. CONCLUSIONS The 24RI, with its systematic, cued recall, and decreased focus on adherence, may reduce socially desirable responding compared to other self-report methods, and reporting adherence barriers may indicate adherence difficulty. However, the validity of the 24RI must be improved to make it a useful measure to include in an adherence assessment battery.
On the Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for DC/DC Buck Converters

The considered DC/DC buck converter controller is based on classical (conventional) sliding mode control. However their dynamic and steady state performance deteriorate if the loading condition differs from the nominal loading condition. So it is added an adaptive scheme (gain scheduling scheme) to the sliding mode controller, which can optimize the dynamic performance of the converter during load variations.
Long-Term Over-Expression of Neuropeptide Y in Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Contributes to Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance Partly via the Y5 Receptor

Intracerebroventricular injection and overexpression of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) has been shown to induce obesity and glucose metabolism disorder in rodents; however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism contributing to glucose metabolic disturbance induced by NPY. Recombinant lentiviral NPY vectors were injected into the PVN of rats fed a high fat (HFD) or low-fat diet. 8 weeks later, in vivo intravenous glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp revealed that insulin resistance of adipose tissue were induced by NPY overexpression with or without HFD. NPY increased food intake, but did not change blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or lipid levels. However, NPY decreased the expression of pGSK3β, PI3K p85 and pAKTSer473 in adipose tissue of rats. In vitro, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with NPY, NPY Y1 and Y5 receptor antagonists. Glucose consumption and 2-deoxy-D-[3H] glucose uptake were partly inhibited by NPY, while a decrease in PI3K-AKT pathway signaling and a decreased expression of pGSK3α and pGSK3β were observed. Nevertheless, a Y5 receptor antagonist (L-152,804) reversed the effects of NPY on glucose uptake and consumption. These data suggest that long-term over-expression of NPY in PVN contributes to the establishment of adipose tissue insulin resistance, at least partly via the Y5 Receptor.