Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large ophthalmic segment aneurysms with anterior optic pathway compression: assessment of anatomical and visual outcomes after endosaccular coil therapy.

OBJECT The optimal therapy for ophthalmic segment aneurysms with anterior optic pathway compression (AOPC) is undecided. Surgical results have been described, but the results of endovascular coil therapy have not been well documented. METHODS The authors retrospectively reviewed data obtained in all patients who harbored unruptured ophthalmic segment aneurysms with AOPC who underwent endovascular coil therapy at their institution. They analyzed baseline and outcome visual function, aneurysm features, extent of aneurysm closure, internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, additional interventions, and neurological outcome. In 17 patients (16 women), age 38 to 83 years, there were 28 affected eyes. All aneurysms were greater than 10 mm in diameter. In the initial procedures 16 of 17 patients received endosaccular coils and the ICA was preserved; in one patient the aneurysm was trapped and the ICA occluded. Patients then underwent follow up for a mean of 2.90 years (range 1 month-1 1.2 years) after the last procedure. One patient died of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) 1 month postoperatively and thus no follow-up data were available for this case. Vision worsened in six patients, stabilized in four, and improved in six. Twelve patients underwent 13 subsequent procedures, including endovascular ICA occlusion in seven, repeated coil therapy in five, and optic nerve decompression in one; vision improved in 83% of these cases after ICA occlusion. A second patient died of SAH 5 months after repeated coil treatment. At the final follow up, vision had improved in eight patients (50%), stabilized in four (25%), and worsened in four (25%). In 16 patients with follow-up studies, aneurysm closure was complete in eight (50%) and incomplete in eight (50%). CONCLUSIONS The authors found that in patients with ophthalmic segment aneurysms causing chronic AOPC, endosaccular platinum coil therapy, with ICA preservation, may not benefit vision and that additional procedures may be needed. Evaluation of their results suggests that endovascular trapping of the aneurysm and sacrifice of the ICA appear to result in good visual, clinical, and anatomical outcomes.
A CRISPR view of development

The CRISPR–Cas9 system is poised to transform developmental biology by providing a simple, efficient method to precisely manipulate the genome of virtually any developing organism. In this review, Harrison et al. examine the current and potential uses of RNA-guided nuclease (RGN)-based approaches to investigate genome function during development.
Epidemiology of clinical medicine.

Epidemiology began as an outgrowth of medicine. Many of its earliest practitioners were clinicians who recognized that poor health is often closely related to a patient's environment and that observations and interventions in groups are directly relevant to treatment and prevention of disease in individual persons. For example, the classic studies that demonstrated a causal link between contaminated drinking water and cholera emanated from Snow's belief that quantitative assessment in the community would provide the basis for prevention of illness in individual persons (1). Jenner's historic demonstration of the value of cowpox immunization in preventing smallpox was also rooted in the challenges he faced in his clinical practice (1). During the first half of the 20th century, a number of epidemiologists focused their research on topics directly relevant to clinicians. For example, Frost's observations on the transmission of tuberculosis were of great value in disease surveillance and recognition of new cases (2). However, these and similar findings by the leading epidemiologists of the day were at the periphery rather than the heart of clinical thinking and practice. As the discipline of epidemiology evolved, it became more technical and less clinically oriented. In parallel, the focus of research in medicine began to shift from the applied to the bench sciences. In part, this shift resulted from an increased capacity to conduct bench research and an expectation that enhanced understanding of basic biology would inexorably lead to improvements in the ability to cure disease. In the
Validation of YPAS-PT – The Yale Physical Activity Survey for Portuguese Older People

This study aimed to translate, adapt and validate the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS) to Portuguese culture in order to assess the level of physical activity in a country with one of the world’s highest percentage of senior citizens. Permission was obtained from the original authors and translated according to WHO guidelines. Validation included 471 older adults (70.3% women; 74.9±6.5 years), covering Criterion Validity, through Spearman’s rho, with a cross-reference standard, by accelerometry with 96 subjects; and Reliability comprising Internal Consistency through Cronbach’s alpha with 471 subjects, and Temporal Stability through Intraclass Correlation Coefficient involving 30 subjects. YPAS-PT appeared suitable and relevant with low-to-moderate levels for all psychometric parameters. Significant correlations were found for all variables, including accelerometer data ranging from 0.201 to 0.452 (p 0.75) demonstrated high reliability. The YPAS-PT is a valid instrument to assess Physical Activity patterns of Portuguese older adults, allowing record low-intensity activities typical of sedentary behavior, which is often excluded from other Physical Activity assessment tools. The study has concluded that the Portuguese version of YPAS (i.e., YPAS-PT) is a valid instrument to assess PA patterns of Portuguese older adults for research and social interventions.
Simultaneous Metabolite, Protein, Lipid Extraction (SIMPLEX): A Combinatorial Multimolecular Omics Approach for Systems Biology*

Interconnected molecular networks are at the heart of signaling pathways that mediate adaptive plasticity of eukaryotic cells. To gain deeper insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms, a comprehensive and representative analysis demands a deep and parallel coverage of a broad spectrum of molecular species. Therefore, we introduce a simultaneous metabolite, protein, lipid extraction (SIMPLEX) procedure, a novel strategy for the quantitative investigation of lipids, metabolites, and proteins. Compared with unimolecular workflows, SIMPLEX offers a fundamental turn in study design since multiple molecular classes can be accessed in parallel from one sample with equal efficiency and reproducibility. Application of this method in mass-spectrometry-based workflows allowed the simultaneous quantification of 360 lipids, 75 metabolites, and 3327 proteins from 106 cells. The versatility of this method is shown in a model system for adipogenesis— peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) signaling in mesenchymal stem cells—where we utilized SIMPLEX to explore cross-talk within and between all three molecular classes and identified novel potential molecular entry points for interventions, indicating that SIMPLEX provides a superior strategy compared with conventional workflows.
A layered security architecture for corporate 802.11 wireless networks

We investigate the security aspects of wireless local area networks and discuss the weaknesses associated with various conventional 802.11 security protocols such as WEP (wired equivalent privacy) and 802.1x. We propose an architecture to control access to corporate 802.11 wireless networks, based on the privileges and location of users, using tested wired network components such as VPNs and firewalls. The presented architecture reduces the security risks in enterprise level deployment of wireless LANs.
Physician Concentration and Negotiated Prices: Evidence from State Law Changes

We study the relationship between concentration in the market for physician services and prices negotiated between physician practices and private insurance companies. We develop a new set of instrumental variables for changes in concentration: state-level judicial decisions that change the enforceability of non-compete clauses in physician employment contracts. These law changes alter the organizational incentives of physicians, causing shocks to the concentration of physician markets. Using two databases containing the universe of physician establishments and firms in the US between 1996 and 2007, linked to privately negotiated prices with insurance companies, we show that negotiated prices fall when physician establishments become larger due to changes in NCA laws. Our results imply that a 100 point increase in the establishment-based Herfindahl Index (HHI) causes a 2.4 to 2.8 percent decline in negotiated prices, suggesting that insurers extract some efficiency gains from larger establishments. In contrast, when physically distinct establishments negotiate jointly as a firm the opposite is true—a 100 point increase in the firm-based HHI increases negotiated prices by 1.2 to 2.0 percent. The price effects are largest in metropolitan markets and for non-surgical physician specialties. JEL Codes: I11, I18, K31 ∗We are grateful to Jay Bhattacharya, Jeff Clemens, Michael Dickstein, Will Dow, Alon Eizenberg, Randy Ellis, Josh Gottlieb, Arthur Lewbel, Ian McCarthy, Jesse Rothstein, and seminar participants at ASHE, Berkeley, Chicago Booth Junior Economics Summit, Hebrew University, IDC, LSE, MIT, NBER Productivity Lunch, NBER Summer Institute, Northwestern Kellogg, NYU, Stanford, Tel Aviv University, and UGA for helpful comments, to Norman Bishara for sharing legal data, and to Eric Auerbach, Richard Braun, Akina Ikudo, and David Krosin for research assistance. This research was conducted while Lavetti was a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Scholar in Health Policy at UC Berkeley, and their support is gratefully acknowledged. Correspondence: lavetti.1@osu.edu
Combining Mapping and Citation Analysis for Evaluative Bibliometric Purposes: A Bibliometric Study

The general aim of the article is to demonstrate how the results both of a structural analysis, and of a research performance assessment of a research field, can be enriched by combining elements of both into one integrated analysis. In addition, a procedure is discussed to select and analyse candidate benchmark institutes to assess the position of a particular research institute, in terms of both its cognitive orientation and its scientific production and impact at the international research front. The combined method is applied in an evaluation of the research scope and performance of the Inter‐university Centre for Micro‐Electronics (IMEC) in Leuven, Belgium. On the basis of the comments of an international panel of experts in micro‐electronics, the method was discussed in detail. We concluded that the method provides a detailed and useful picture of the position of the institute from an international perspective. Moreover, we found that the results of each of the two parts are an added value to the other.
Multi-Agents System to Model Cell Signalling by Using Fuzzy Cognitive Maps. Application to Computer Simulation of Multiple Myeloma

In order to simulate biological processes, we use multi-agents system. However, modelling cell behavior in systems biology is complex and may be based on intracellular biochemical pathway. So, we have developed in this study a Fuzzy Influence Graph to model MAPK pathway. A Fuzzy Influence Graph is also called Fuzzy Cognitive Map.This model can be integrated in agents representing cells. Results indicate that despite individual variations, the average behavior of MAPK pathway in a cells group is close to results obtained by ordinary differential equations. So, we have also modelled multiple myeloma cells signalling by using this approach.
Pressure Pain Mappings-Development and Applications

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are a major problem resulting in loss of work ability for the individuals and are an economical burden for society. While methods like magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are adequate for visualizing bones and muscles, these methods do not provide any information of the changes in deep structure sensitivity to pain. A new method aiming at directly measure and visualize pain spatial changes can be a way to localize painful areas.
Optimization of treatment strategies and prognostication for patients with esophageal cancer

In dit proefschrift staan klinische onderzoeksvragen centraal die betrekking hebben op slokdarmkanker. Op het moment van diagnose is bij 40% van de patienten sprake van lokaal gevorderde ziekte (d.w.z. uitbreiding van de tumor door de slokdarmwand en / of uitzaaiingen in omliggende lymfeklieren). De focus van dit proefschrift ligt op deze groep patienten, die momenteel een combinatiebehandeling van bestraling, chemotherapie en chirurgie wordt aangeboden. Deel I belicht onderwerpen die verband houden met de fase tussen vaststelling van de slokdarmtumor en de uiteindelijke chirurgische behandeling. In deze fase zijn diagnostiek en voorbehandeling cruciale thema’s. Zo wordt geconcludeerd dat een PET-CT scan onmisbaar is om na de voorbehandeling (bestraling en chemotherapie) uit te sluiten dat patienten uitzaaiingen in andere organen hebben, hetgeen een reden is om van de uiteindelijke slokdarmoperatie af te zien. Daarnaast wordt op basis van een vergelijkende studie gesteld dat een combinatie van bestraling en chemotherapie de voorkeur verdient boven alleen chemotherapie in de voorbehandeling van slokdarmkanker, omdat laatstgenoemde behandeling meer bijwerkingen kent. Een geintensiveerde versie van deze combinatiebehandeling kan ook tumoren met ingroei in vitale structuren (zoals de luchtpijp of de grote lichaamsslagader) geschikt maken voor chirurgische verwijdering. In deel II van het proefschrift worden nieuwe chirurgische technieken beschreven en worden suggesties gedaan om de nauwkeurigheid te vergroten van de voorspellingen die na de slokdarmoperatie worden gedaan ten aanzien van (ziektevrije) overlevingskansen. De voornaamste conclusie in dit verband is dat niet alleen het aantal lymfeklieruitzaaiingen, maar vooral ook de locatie van deze uitzaaiingen belangrijke voorspellende waarde bevat.
A protocol with transcoding to support QoS over Internet for multimedia traffic

The growth of the Internet has brought with it a tremendous volume of multimedia traffic, which is bursty in nature. Providing a required QoS as well as modeling multimedia traffic has been a challenging task. In this work, we transcode multimedia data to cater for low bandwidth availability and different end-user requirements. We propose a protocol architecture which has been developed by the amalgamation of well-known components and that would provide guaranteed multimedia communication over the Internet. We model multimedia traffic using the M/Pareto distribution in an attempt to represent realistic traffic pattern. We use semantics of multimedia data-streams for transcoding to avoid network congestion and to ensure optimal use of network resources. The impact of transcoding the multimedia data to suit it to the network load and the end user requirements is also studied. The simulation results are presented and compared.
Restoration of images distorted by the atmosphere based on searching for Fried parameter

A new method of restoration of images distorted by atmosphere is presented in this paper. In imaging through the atmosphere, the system MTF can be decomposed into the sum of its mean, , and random component, (Delta) H. This technique is based on identification of Fried parameter ro in expression of . The identification of ro is based on the facts: 1, Deterministic component, , including average turbulence MTF and aerosol MTF, is located at low frequency areas in the frequency domain. 2, The shape of can be analytically determined according to Fried theory. 3, has the same zero-cross point as the image degraded by this . A corrected ro can result in a good restoration result. This is due to the main contribution on blur is , while the random MTF, (Delta) H, can be removed by Wiener filter.
The ICF Core Set for stroke from the perspective of physicians: a worldwide validation study using the Delphi technique.

BACKGROUND The ICF Core Set for stroke is an application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and represents the typical spectrum of problems in functioning of patients with stroke. AIM The aim of this study was to validate the ICF Core Set for stroke from the perspective of physicians. DESIGN Observational. SETTING Other. POPULATION Physicians experienced in stroke treatment. METHODS Physicians experienced in stroke treatment were asked about the patients' problems, patients' resources and aspects of environment that physicians take care of in a three-round electronic mail survey using the Delphi technique. The responses were linked to the ICF by two persons. The degree of agreement was calculated using Kappa statistic. RESULTS Eighty-eight physicians in 30 countries named 2142 patients' problems that covered all ICF components. Two hundred seventy-seven ICF categories were linked to these. Kappa statistic for agreement reached 0.68 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.66-0.69. Although 28 ICF categories were not represented in the ICF Core Set for stroke, only four of them were considered as important by at least 75% of the participants. Those categories addressed sensations associated with cardiovascular and respiratory functions, urinary excretory functions, involuntary movement functions and sensations related to muscle and movement functions. CONCLUSION The validity of the ICF components Body structures, Activities and Participation, and Environ-mental Factors was fully supported. Only some body functions were identified that were not covered and need to be investigated further.
Fibre Bragg Grating-Based Acoustic Sensor Array for Improved Condition Monitoring of Marine Lifting Surfaces

This paper discusses a novel approach to monitor marine lifting surface conditions through using arrays of Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG)-based acoustic sensors in a marine rudder. Results from these optical sensor arrays are then cross compared with those from conventional piezoelectric (PZT) sensors. A successful proof-of-concept evaluation of the optical sensor approach was, however, first undertaken by using cascaded FBGs integrated into a glass plate, monitoring the response to dropping a standard metal ball at different locations. Data obtained were compared with colocated conventional PZT sensors acoustic sensors for comparison using triangulation to determine the location of the excitation source (a sonotrode). The results obtained verify the excellent performance of the FBG-based sensors due to the excellent agreement between these different sensor types. This gives confidence to the next-stage to scale-up the FBG sensor arrays for other marine structures, with early identification of the initiation of cavitation erosion an important priority for better operational reliability and scheduling of maintenance of marine vessels.
Plasma-Driven System Circuit Design With Asymmetrical Pulsewidth Modulation Scheme

In this paper, the circuit design of a resonant inverter for plasma-driven system is studied. Based on the half-bridge inverter structure, the proposed circuit has included the soft-switching techniques so that the investment on heat dissipation can be greatly saved. Moreover, this paper has investigated plasma power control under different conditions. Via the developed control circuit to formulate the relationships between the output power and voltage as a quadratic function, the output power of the system can then be controlled and becomes insensitive to plasma voltage variations. In order to solidify the practicality of this circuit design, mathematical analyses and experimental validations have been thoroughly performed. Test results help confirm the effectiveness of the method, demonstrating its feasibility and practicality for high-frequency-drive industry applications.
The role of student-generated externalizations in strategic multimedia learning and how current (web-)technology fails to support learner engagement

In two studies, we investigated how learning strategies can support learning from multimedia. In the first study, 112 students learned from a web-based learning environment. On the basis of a strategy, one group of students took typewritten notes. The second group of students wrote a summary. Producing typewritten notes did not benefit learning any more than writing a summary. In the second study, 100 students learned the same subject matter from print. On the basis of a strategy, the first group produced written notes, the second group highlighted, wrote notes, and produced sketches. The third group wrote a summary. The students who highlighted, wrote notes, and produced sketches outperformed the other students. The students who produced written notes only did not learn more successfully than those who wrote a summary. The results suggest that externalizations in general and sketches in particular may play an important role in multimedia learning.
Comparison of nonquiet spectrum sensing in filter bank multicarrier and OFDM based cognitive radio systems

Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) have been recognized as two physical layer (PHY) candidates for Cognitive Radio (CR) systems. Spectrum sensing plays an important role in a CR in order to detect spectrum opportunities. It is usually more desirable to perform spectrum sensing without additional hardware. In this paper, a comparison between performance of filter bank-based (FB-based) and fast Fourier transform-based (DFT-based) energy detectors (EDs) is presented. These methods are used in FBMC and OFDM PHYs with a slight modification to the hardware, respectively. For this comparison the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve namely AUC is considered as a criterion. Moreover, the performance comparison is conducted under the condition that secondary users (SUs) continue their transmission even in the sensing period. As a result, the SU which is performing primary user (PU) detection receives the interference from SUs. This is called nonquiet sensing. The results indicate that although DFT-based ED is less complex, FB-based ED's performance is much better than DFT-based ED in heavy interference environment.
Undersized dendritic arborizations in retinal ganglion cells of the rd1 mutant mouse: A paradigm of early onset photoreceptor degeneration

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a family of inherited diseases causing progressive photoreceptor death. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) form the biological substrate for various therapeutic approaches designed to restore vision in RP individuals. Assessment of survival and preservation of RGCs in animal paradigms mimicking the human disease is of key importance for appropriate implementation of vision repair strategies. Here we studied the survival of RGCs in the rd1 mutant mouse, a known model of early onset, autosomic recessive RP, at various stages of photoreceptor degeneration. Furthermore, we analyzed the morphology of various types of RGCs using the newly generated transgenic mouse rd1/Thy1‐GFP, in which the rd1 mutation is associated with green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in a small population of different RGCs. We found excellent survival of cells at up to 1 year of age, a time at which the inner retina is known to have severely reorganized and partially degenerated. However, 50% of the cells analyzed within all RGC types exhibit an undersized dendritic tree, spanning about half of the normal area. Undersized cells are found both in adult and in very young (1‐month‐old) mice. This suggests that their aberrant phenotype is due to incomplete dendritic development, possibly as a consequence of altered visual input at the time of dendritic arbor refinement. These data show the importance of the timing of photoreceptor death in RGC dendritic development. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:1406–1423, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.