Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proportion of beta-D-glucuronidase-negative Escherichia coli in human fecal samples

Convenient assays and reports that almost all clinical isolates of Escherichia coli produce beta-D-glucuronidase (GUR) have led to great interest in the use of the enzyme for the rapid detection of the bacterium in water, food, and environmental samples. In these materials, E. coli serves as an indicator of possible fecal contamination. Therefore, it was crucial to examine the proportion of GUR-negative E. coli in human fecal samples. The bacterium was isolated from 35 samples, and a mean of 34% and a median of 15% were found to be GUR negative in lauryl sulfate tryptose broth with 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide. E. coli from three samples were temperature dependent for GUR production: very weakly positive at 37 degrees C but strongly positive at 44.5 degrees C. These results remind us of differences between fecal and clinical E. coli populations, of diversity in GUR regulation and expression in natural populations of E. coli, and of the need for caution in using GUR for the detection of fecal E. coli.
Intestinal Permeability to Mannitol and Lactulose in Children with Type 1 Diabetes with the HLA-DQB1*02 Allele

Food antigens and enteroviruses are possible triggers of type 1 diabetes. Because permeability of the intestinal epithelium may facilitate contact of these antigens with the mucosal immune system, we set out to study intestinal permeability in patients with type 1 diabetes. Children with type 1 diabetes (n = 26, mean age 12 years, mean duration of disease 4 years) and 24 healthy age-matched control children were given mannitol and lactulose orally, and their intestinal permeability was measured as a percentage of this dose recovered in urine. Patients with type 1 diabetes did not differ in their permeability to lactulose, nor was their lactulose/mannitol ratio any different from that of controls. However, patients with type 1 diabetes who had the HLA-DQB1 H 02 allele and, therefore, a higher risk for celiac disease (CD) absorbed significantly more mannitol (mean+95% CI): 17.7% (15.2-20.2) than did those negative for this allele: 12.3% (8.2-16.4), p = 0.04. Their lactulose permeability was also higher: 0.30 (0.16-0.44) and 0.09% (0-0.18), respectively, p = 0.02. Although the differences in permeability reach statistical significance, there was still much overlap between the two groups in terms of actual laboratory values. The higher permeability of patients with the HLA-DQB1 H 02 allele suggests that these patients may be more prone to develop abnormal immune responses to food antigens.
Kieker: a framework for application performance monitoring and dynamic software analysis

Kieker is an extensible framework for monitoring and analyzing the runtime behavior of concurrent or distributed software systems. It provides measurement probes for application performance monitoring and control-flow tracing. Analysis plugins extract and visualize architectural models, augmented by quantitative observations. Configurable readers and writers allow Kieker to be used for online and offline analysis. This paper reviews the Kieker framework focusing on its features, its provided extension points for custom components, as well the imposed monitoring overhead.
The Utility of Beautiful Visualizations

Geovisualizations provide a means to inspect large complex multivariate datasets for information that would not otherwise be available with a tabular view or summary statistics alone. Aesthetically appealing visualizations can elicit prolonged exploration and encourage discovery. Creating data geovisualizations that are effective and beautiful is an important yet difficult challenge. Here we present a tool for rendering geovisualizations of continuous spatial data using impressionist painterly techniques. The techniques, which have been tested in controlled studies, vary the visual properties (e.g., hue, size, and tilt) of brush strokes to represent multiple data attributes simultaneously in each location. To demonstrate this technique, we render two examples: 1) weather data attributes (e.g., temperature, windspeed, atmospheric pressure) from the NOAA Global Forecast System and 2) fragile state indices as assessed by the Foreign Policy Magazine. These examples demonstrate how open source geospatial visualizations can harness aesthetics to enhance visual communication and viewer engagement. ∗Corresponding author Email address: lgtateos@ncsu.edu (Laura Tateosian) Submitted to FOSS4G 2017 Conference Proceedings, Boston, USA. September 20, 2017 FOSS4G 2017 Arademic Program The Utility of Beautiful Visualizations Figure 1: Painterly geovisualization of atmospheric data.
Tolypocladium inflatum and Two Foreign Hosts , Neurospora crassa and Penicillium chrysogenum 1

U. , and Kempken, F. 2002. Ds-like Restless deletion derivatives occur in Tolypocladium inflatum and two foreign hosts, Neurospora crassa and Penicillium chrysogenum. Fungal Genetics and Biology 35, 171–182. Single copies of the transposon Restless from Tolypocladium inflatum were introduced into Neurospora crassa and Penicillium chrysogenum. Excision of Restless from its donor site was investigated in N. crassa and in P. chrysogenum using direct selective conditions. In N. crassa, forward selection was also analyzed. Deleted Restless elements were frequently obtained in addition to the expected complete removal of Restless from its donor site. Similar deleted elements were also identified in T. inflatum employing a PCR amplification strategy. These deleted Restless copies strongly resemble maize Ds elements of various types, and direct repeated sequences of 3 to 16 bp were found to flank the truncated regions. In addition Ds1-like Restless elements were identified that carried foreign sequences between the inverted repeats. We discuss how Ds-like Restless elements might be gen-
Irf5‐deficient mice are protected from pristane‐induced lupus via increased Th2 cytokines and altered IgG class switching

Polymorphisms in the transcription factor interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) have been identified that show a strong association with an increased risk of developing the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A potential pathological role for IRF5 in SLE development is supported by the fact that increased IRF5 mRNA and protein are observed in primary blood cells of SLE patients and this correlates with an increased risk of developing the disease. Here, we demonstrate that IRF5 is required for pristane‐induced SLE via its ability to control multiple facets of autoimmunity. We show that IRF5 is required for pathological hypergammaglobulinemia and, in the absence of IRF5, IgG class switching is reduced. Examination of in vivo cytokine expression (and autoantibody production) identified an increase in Irf5−/− mice of Th2 cytokines. In addition, we provide clear evidence that loss of Irf5 significantly weakens the in vivo type I IFN signature critical for disease pathogenesis in this model of murine lupus. Together, these findings demonstrate the importance of IRF5 for autoimmunity and provide a significant new insight into how overexpression of IRF5 in blood cells of SLE patients may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Influence of bleaching technologies on the aerobic biodegradability of effluents from Eucalyptus kraft pulps factories

Aerobic biodegradability of effluents from different Eucalyptus kraft pulp bleaching processes was studied. Bleaching effluents were obtained from: i) Chlorine Bleaching (CB) processes, with partial substitution of chlorine by chlorine dioxide and ii) Total Chlorine Free (TCF) processes. The overall biodegradability, in terms of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was higher for TCF effluents (96-98%) than for CB ones (82-93%). Taking into account the higher organic load of CB effluents, this fact implied a much higher residual COD for them (100-180 mg/L) than for TCF effluents (10-30 mg/L). Furthermore, a refractory fraction of molecular weight higher than 43,000 Da was found in CB effluent, which implied the necessity of a further specific treatment. The toxicity was completely removed after the biological treatment
Transfer of Instances in Cognitive Skill Learning: Adult Age Differences

Two experiments assessed the utilization of pretrained problem-solution associations (i.e., instances) in memory-based cognitive skill learning in younger and older adults. In Experiment 1, participants were given practice with repeated alphabet-arithmetic problems and then trained on a compound skill-learning task that incorporated the pretrained alphabet-arithmetic items. In Experiment 2, participants were pretrained with compound problems, and then trained on just the alphabet-arithmetic items that were part of the compound problems. In both experiments, utilization of pretrained instances was much greater for younger adults than for older adults. These findings can be taken to imply that failure to retrieve and apply reoccurring instances is a primary source of age-related deficits in the transfer of cognitive skill learning across task situations.
Distributed output-feedback control of a class of nonlinear large-scale systems

This paper presents a cyclic-small-gain approach to distributed output-feedback control of interconnected nonlinear multi-agent systems. Through novel distributed observer and control law designs, the closed-loop multi-agent system is transformed into a large-scale system composed of input-to-output stable (IOS) subsystems, the IOS gains of which can be appropriately designed. By guaranteeing the IOS of the closed-loop multi-agent system with the recently developed cyclic-small-gain theorem, the outputs of the controlled agents can be driven to within an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the desired agreement value under bounded external disturbances. Moreover, if the system is disturbance-free, then asymptotic convergence can be achieved. Interestingly, the closed-loop distributed system is also robust to bounded time-delays of exchanged information.
Comparison of high power semiconductor devices losses in 5MW PMSG MV wind turbines

This paper provides a comparison of high power semiconductor devices in 5MW-class Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) Medium Voltage (MV) wind turbines. High power semiconductor devices of IGCT, module type IGBT, press-pack type IGBT, and press-pack type IEGT of both 4.5kV and 6.5kV are considered in this paper. Benchmarking is performed based on neutral point clamped 3-level back-to-back type voltage source converter supplied from grid voltage of 4160V. The feasible number of semiconductor devices in parallel is designed through the loss analysis considering both conduction and switching losses under the given operating conditions of 5MW-class PMSG wind turbines, particularly for the application in offshore wind farms. The loss analysis is confirmed through PLECS simulations. The comparison result shows that press-pack type IGBT and IGCT semiconductor device have the highest efficiency considering the snubber loss of IGCT.
B0 field inhomogeneity considerations in pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL): effects on tagging efficiency and correction strategy

Pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) is a very powerful technique to measure cerebral perfusion, which circumvents the problems affecting other continuous arterial spin labeling schemes, such as magnetization transfer and duty cycle. However, some variability in the tagging efficiency of the pCASL technique has been reported. This article investigates the effect of B0 field inhomogeneity on the tagging efficiency of the pCASL pulse sequence as a possible cause of this variability. Both theory and simulated data predict that the efficiency of pseudo‐continuous labeling pulses can be degraded in the presence of off‐resonance effects. These findings are corroborated by human in vivo measurements of tagging efficiency. On the basis of this theoretical framework, a method utilizing B0 field map information is proposed to correct for the possible loss in tagging efficiency of the pCASL pulse sequence. The efficiency of the proposed correction method is evaluated using numerical simulations and in vivo implementation. The data show that the proposed method can effectively recover the lost tagging efficiency and signal‐to‐noise ratio of pCASL caused by off‐resonance effects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
of the Diabetes Heart Study ( DHS ) Family of Studies : A Comprehensively Examined Sample for Genetic and Epidemiological Studies of Type 2 Diabetes and its Complications

Review of the Diabetes Heart Study (DHS) Family of Studies: A Comprehensively Examined Sample for Genetic and Epidemiological Studies of Type 2 Diabetes and its Complications Author W. Bowden, Donald, J. Cox, Amanda, I. Freedman, Barry, E. Hugenschimdt, Christina, E. Wagenknecht, Lynne, Herrington, David, Agarwal, Subhashish, C. Register, Thomas, A. Maldjian, Joseph, C. -Y. Ng, Maggie, Hsu, Fang-Chi, D. Langefeld, Carl, D. Williamson, Jeff, Jeffrey Carr, J.
Attenuation of the Langat tick-borne flavivirus by chimerization with mosquito-borne flavivirus dengue type 4.

Langat virus (LGT) strain TP21 is the most attenuated of the tick-borne flaviviruses for humans. Even though LGT has low-level neurovirulence for humans, it, and its more attenuated egg-passage derivative, strain E5, exhibit significant neurovirulence and neuroinvasiveness in normal mice, albeit less than that associated with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), the most virulent of the tick-borne flaviviruses. We sought to reduce or ablate these viral phenotypes of TP21 and E5 by using a strategy that had been used successfully in the past to reduce neurovirulence and abolish neuroinvasiveness of TBEV, namely substitution of structural protein genes of the tick-borne flavivirus for the corresponding genes of dengue type 4 virus (DEN4). In pursuit of these objectives different combinations of LGT genes were substituted into the DEN4 genome but only chimeras containing LGT structural proteins premembrane (preM) and envelope glycoprotein (E) were viable. The infectious LGT(preM-E)/DEN4 chimeras were restricted in replication in simian cell cultures but grew to moderately high titer in mosquito cell culture. Also, the chimeras were at least 5,000 times less neurovirulent than their parental LGT virus in suckling mice. Significantly, the chimeras lacked detectable evidence of neuroinvasiveness after i.p. inoculation of Swiss mice or the more permissive SCID mice with 10(5) or 10(7) plaque-forming units (PFU), respectively. Nonetheless, i.p. inoculation of Swiss mice with 10 or 10(3) PFU of either chimeric virus induced LGT neutralizing antibodies and resistance to fatal encephalitis caused by i.p. challenge with LGT TP21. The implications of these observations for development of a live attenuated TBEV vaccine are discussed.
Home-based resistance training is not sufficient to maintain improved glycemic control following supervised training in older individuals with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether improvements in glycemic control and body composition resulting from 6 months of supervised high-intensity progressive resistance training could be maintained after an additional 6 months of home-based resistance training. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a 12-month randomized controlled trial in 36 sedentary, overweight men and women with type 2 diabetes (aged 60-80 years) who were randomly assigned to moderate weight loss plus high-intensity progressive resistance training (RT&WL group) or moderate weight loss plus a control program (WL group). Supervised gymnasium-based training for 6 months was followed by an additional 6 months of home-based training. Glycemic control (HbA1c), body composition, muscle strength, and metabolic syndrome abnormalities were assessed at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. RESULTS Compared with the WL group, HbA1c decreased significantly more in the RT&WL group (-0.8%) during 6 months of supervised gymnasium-based training; however, this effect was not maintained after an additional 6 months of home-based training. In contrast, the greater increase in lean body mass (LBM) observed in the RT&WL group compared with the WL group (0.9 kg, P < 0.05) after the gymnasium-based training tended to be maintained after the home-based training (0.8 kg, P = 0.08). Similarly, the gymnasium-based increases in upper body and lower body muscle strength in the RT&WL group were maintained over the 12 months (P < 0.001). There were no between-group differences for changes in body weight, fat mass, fasting glucose, or insulin at 6 or 12 months. CONCLUSIONS In older adults with type 2 diabetes, home-based progressive resistance training was effective for maintaining the gymnasium-based improvements in muscle strength and LBM but not glycemic control. Reductions in adherence and exercise training volume and intensity seem to impede the effectiveness of home-based training for maintaining improved glycemic control.
Ivy: Exploring Spatially Situated Visual Programming for Authoring and Understanding Intelligent Environments

The availability of embedded, digital systems has led to a multitude of interconnected sensors and actuators being distributed among smart objects and built environments. Programming and understanding the behaviors of such systems can be challenging given their inherent spatial nature. To explore how spatial and contextual information can facilitate the authoring of intelligent environments, we introduce Ivy, a spatially situated visual programming tool using immersive virtual reality. Ivy allows users to link smart objects, insert logic constructs, and visualize real-time data flows between real-world sensors and actuators. Initial feedback sessions show that participants of varying skill levels can successfully author and debug programs in example scenarios.
Practical sliding mode controller in Dc-Dc converters for use in hybrid vehicles

The focal point of this paper is to design and implement a Dc-Dc boost converter based on fixed frequency sliding mode control in continuous conduction mode for hybrid vehicles. The equivalent control based sliding mode controller operated at fixed frequency is designed by keeping in view the stability of the sliding surface. Matlab / Simulink is used to model and evaluate the design of the equivalent control based fixed frequency sliding mode controller. Further hardware is developed using low cost analogue circuitry to validate the design.
A new data offloading algorithm by considering interactive preferences

In this paper, we propose a data offloading algorithm in a network comprised of a macro base station and a few number of WiFi access points with overlapped coverage areas. The main goal of our algorithm is how to assign offloaded mobile stations (MSs) to access points (APs). Our approach in proposing the algorithm is based on mapping the problem onto finding a suitable matching algorithm, in order to minimize the average delay of the offloaded packets as one of the main QoS parameters on the one hand and to maximize the utility of the APs on the other hand. The utility of each AP is considered to be a combination of monetary benefit due to offloading service and the cost due to extra energy consumption. Since the preferences over APs from the viewpoint of MSs are dependent on each other, our problem is in fact a matching problem with externalities. Thus, in order to obtain a suitable matching, we apply swap matching algorithm to reach a final matching satisfying two-sided exchange stability. Our numerical results show the superiority of our proposed algorithm when compared to two simple assigning algorithms based on maximum SNR and traffic load balancing.
" Serum Uric Acid and C-Reactive Protein in Preeclampsia " 1

Objective: Estimation Of Serum Uric Acid (UA) And C-Reactive Protein (CRP) In Preeclamptic Patients And To Find Out Association Between These Biomarkers And Preeclampsia And Also The Role Of These Biomarkers As Predictors Of The Disease. Study-Design & Setting: A Case-Control Study Was Carried-Out In The Deptt. Of Biochemistry In Collaboration With Deptt.Of Obst. & Gynae. , Regional Institute Of Medical Sciences(RIMS),Imphal (Manipur),India, From October 2011upto June 2013. Methods: Data Collected From 52 Preeclamptic Patients And 52 Normal Pregnant Women In 3 Trimester Admitted In Antenatal Ward And Labour Room, Deptt. Of Obst. & Gynae. ,RIMS Hospital.The Blood Samples Were Collected From The Patients And Analyzed For Serum UA And CRP Level. Results: The Serum Uric Acid And CRP Levels Were Found Significantly Higher In Preeclamptic Cases Than In Normal Controls. Mean± SD Of Uric Acid And CRP Levels Were 5.46±1.84 Mg% And 8.14±6.3 Mg/L Respectively In The Study Group (Cases) Compared With 3.65±1.09 Mg% And 6.28±4.66 Mg/L In Controls. A Significant Positive Correlation Was Found Between Serum Uric Acid And CRP, And Between UA And BP. Thus, The Study Showed A Strong Association Between Increased Uric Acid, Blood Pressure And CRP Levels In Preeclamptic Patients. Conclusion: Serum UA And CRP May Be Feasible To Be Used As Biomarkers For Identifying Women At Risk Of Preeclampsia.
Emergency Evacuation Simulator (EES) - a Tool for Planning Community Evacuations in Australia

This work addresses the problem of encoding cognitive agents that are capable of complex reasoning beyond simple rules, within agent-based models (ABM). This is particularly important for social simulation where agents represent people. We provide a general solution to this problem through infrastructure that allows the integration of stateof-the-art Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) and ABM systems. In this paper, we demonstrate how this infrastructure is being used to help emergency services in Australia plan for community evacuations.
Specificity of the glucan-binding lectin of Streptococcus cricetus

The specificity of the glucan-binding lectin (GBL) of Streptococcus cricetus AHT was determined. Examination of the kinetics of aggregation of cell suspensions with glucans containing various percentages of alpha-1,6, alpha-1,4, alpha-1,3, and alpha-1,2 anomeric linkages revealed that only glucans with at least 80% alpha-1,6 linkages promoted strong aggregation. Moreover, only linear glucans with molecular weights greater than 5 X 10(5) were capable of causing rapid aggregation of the bacteria. The lectin was observed to be present on S. cricetus strains, on Streptococcus sobrinus, and on several Streptococcus mutants strains. Preincubation of suspensions of S. cricetus AHT with glucan T10 (molecular weight of 10,000) before the addition of high-molecular-weight glucan resulted in competitive inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition was achieved also with isomaltopentaose, isomaltohexaose, and isomaltooctaose, but at higher concentrations than glucan T10. In contrast, no inhibition was observed with maltoheptaose, providing additional evidence for the specificity of GBL. Treatment of suspensions of S. cricetus AHT with trypsin before and after aggregation with high-molecular-weight glucan revealed a substantial level of protection of GBL when in a bound state. Collectively, these results indicated that GBL has an absolute affinity for glucans rich in alpha-1,6 linkages and possesses an active site which recognizes internal sequences and accommodates isomaltosaccharides of at least nine residues. This unusual specificity may contribute to the colonization of S. cricetus, S. sobrinus, and S. mutans in glucan-containing plaque in the oral cavity.