Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Angular Displacement and Velocity Sensors Based on Coplanar Waveguides (CPWs) Loaded with S-Shaped Split Ring Resonators (S-SRR)

In this paper, angular displacement and angular velocity sensors based on coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines and S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs) are presented. The sensor consists of two parts, namely a CPW and an S-SRR, both lying on parallel planes. By this means, line-to-resonator magnetic coupling arises, the coupling level being dependent on the line-to-resonator relative angular orientation. The line-to-resonator coupling level is the key parameter responsible for modulating the amplitude of the frequency response seen between the CPW ports in the vicinity of the S-SRR fundamental resonance frequency. Specifically, an amplitude notch that can be visualized in the transmission coefficient is changed by the coupling strength, and it is characterized as the sensing variable. Thus, the relative angular orientation between the two parts is measured, when the S-SRR is attached to a rotating object. It follows that the rotation angle and speed can be inferred either by measuring the frequency response of the S-SRR-loaded line, or the response amplitude at a fixed frequency in the vicinity of resonance. It is in addition shown that the angular velocity can be accurately determined from the time-domain response of a carrier time-harmonic signal tuned at the S-SRR resonance frequency. The main advantage of the proposed device is its small size directly related to the small electrical size of the S-SRR, which allows for the design of compact angular displacement and velocity sensors at low frequencies. Despite the small size of the fabricated proof-of-concept prototype (electrically small structures do not usually reject signals efficiently), it exhibits good linearity (on a logarithmic scale), sensitivity and dynamic range.
Experiences in Adapting a Source Code-Based Quality Assessment Technology

Testing-based software quality assurance often does not provide an appropriate level of efficiency and reliability. To aid this problem, different kinds of static verification techniques can be applied, like code metrics and code inspection. Many quality assessment methods that are based on static source code analysis has already been proposed, yet these can be used is particular industrial environment - in which often proprietary programming languages are used - only after appropriate adaptation. This paper presents experiences in adapting an existing technology and tools suitable for quality assessment based on source code analysis. The technology has demonstrated its success and usability in industrial environment; being capable of comprehensive and continuous quality monitoring of large and complex software systems involving proprietary technologies.
The determinants of corporate debt ownership structure

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the determinants of choice between private and public debt for British and German listed companies.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on three strands of theories: the “liquidation and renegotiation” hypothesis; the “moral hazard and adverse selection” hypothesis; the “flotation cost” hypothesis. The regression analysis was adopted to test these hypotheses. The specific econometric method used for panel data is generalised method of moments (GMM). Findings – The evidence records a few similarities in debt‐mix structure of German and UK firms but it also detects some important differences. Therefore, the paper concludes that the relation between dependent and explanatory variables is country‐dependent. This can be attributed to the differences in corporate governance mechanisms and institutional features of the countries.Research limitations/implications – The limitation mainly has come from data unavailability for public debt. Future research could be .
Implementing refactorings in IntelliJ IDEA

IntelliJ IDEA was one of the first Java IDEs to cross the Refactoring Rubicon [1], by implementing the Extract Method refactoring for Java in early 2001. Since that time, IntelliJ IDEA has evolved greatly to support a wide array of refactorings for Java, cross-language refactoring and other advanced features. This paper gives an overview of the key architectural components of IntelliJ IDEA involved in implementing refactorings. It also describes some of the problems we're facing when implementing refactorings and possible directions for future development.
DESCENT OVER X ( 3 ) AND X ( 5 )

Let E be an elliptic curve over a field K, and let p denote either 3 or 5. In the case that all of the p-torsion points of E are defined over K, we give an explicit description of p-descent on E in two parts. The first part consists of an explicit map from the finite abelian group E(K)/pE(K) to Sel(E)[p], and the second part is an explicit identification of Sel(E)[p] with models of principal homogeneous spaces of E inside P p−1 .
Performance Analysis of Likelihood-Based Multiple Access for Detection Over Fading Channels

In this paper, we consider the binary hypothesis testing problem using wireless sensor networks. We analyze the case where sensors transmit their local log-likelihood ratio (LLR) directly to a fusion center (FC) using an analog transmission scheme over multiple-access fading channels. Due to the nature of the wireless medium, the FC receives a superposition of sensor transmissions. The decision is made by the FC and is based on received data from the sensors. In contrast to the case of identical channels and i.i. d observations, the analog transmission of the LLR over multiple-access fading channels does not achieve the centralized error exponent. Large deviation tools are used in this paper to characterize the error exponent in the asymptotic regime (when the number of sensors approaches infinity) in the case of non-i.i. d observations and non-i.i. d fading channels. Chernoff bounding techniques are used to provide bounds on the error probability for a finite number of sensors when the observations and the fading channels are independent across sensors. Specific performance analysis is provided for detection over both i.i. d and spatially correlated Markovian fading channels. Simulation results then illustrate the detector's performance.
The fundamental difference between shear alpha viscosity and turbulent magnetorotational stresses

Numerical simulations of turbulent, magnetized, differentially rotating flows driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) are often used to calculate the effective values of alpha viscosity that is invoked in analytical models of accretion discs. In this paper, we use various dynamical models of turbulent magnetohydrodynamic stresses, as well as numerical simulations of shearing boxes, to show that angular momentum transport in MRI-driven accretion discs cannot be described by the standard model for shear viscosity. In particular, we demonstrate that turbulent magnetorotational stresses are not linearly proportional to the local shear and vanish identically for angular velocity profiles that increase outwards.
Spinning the web of identity: the roles of the internet in the lives of immigrant adolescents

This article illuminates the roles of the internet in the unique intersection between adolescence and immigration. The data presented were gathered through in-depth interviews with 70 teenage immigrants from the former Soviet Union to Israel. The analysis suggests that the internet provides valuable resources for personal growth and empowerment, as it helps to develop and strengthen many aspects of young immigrants' evolving identity during a critical period of social and material disadvantage, when they are engaged in settling into and adjusting to a new society. This case study highlights the importance of researching the internet's roles in the lives of disadvantaged populations, and the potential of this medium for closing knowledge and social gaps.
Arthrobacter Strain VAI-A Utilizes Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Inactivation Products and Stimulates Quorum Signal Biodegradation by Variovorax paradoxus

ABSTRACT Many Proteobacteria produce acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-HSLs) and employ them as dedicated cell-to-cell signals in a process known as quorum sensing. Previously, Variovorax paradoxus VAI-C was shown to utilize diverse acyl-HSLs as sole sources of energy and nitrogen. We describe here the properties of a second isolate, Arthrobacter strain VAI-A, obtained from the same enrichment culture that yielded V. paradoxus VAI-C. Although strain VAI-A grew rapidly and exponentially on a number of substrates, it grew only slowly and aberrantly (i.e., linearly) in media amended with oxohexanoyl-HSL as the sole energy source. Increasing the culture pH markedly improved the growth rate in media containing this substrate but did not abolish the aberrant kinetics. The observed growth was remarkably similar to the known kinetics of the pH-influenced half-life of acyl-HSLs, which decay chemically to yield the corresponding acyl-homoserines. Strain VAI-A grew rapidly and exponentially when provided with an acyl-homoserine as the sole energy or nitrogen source. The isolate was also able to utilize HSL as a sole source of nitrogen but not as energy for growth. V. paradoxus, known to release HSL as a product of quorum signal degradation, was examined for the ability to support the growth of Arthrobacter strain VAI-A in defined cocultures. It did. Moreover, the acyl-HSL-dependent growth rate and yield of the coculture were dramatically superior to those of the monocultures. This suggested that the original coenrichment of these two organisms from the same soil sample was not coincidental and that consortia may play a role in quorum signal turnover and mineralization. The fact that Arthrobacter strain VAI-A utilizes the two known nitrogenous degradation products of acyl-HSLs, acyl-homoserine and HSL, begins to explain why none of the three compounds are known to accumulate in the environment.
Image based approach to obstacle avoidance in mobile manipulators

Due to many advantages, the mobile manipulators have been used in many areas. However, it is challenging to operate such system in teleoperation because of the too many controllable degrees for the teleoperator. Additionally, because of the unstructured working environment, it is necessary for the mobile manipulator to posses the ability of solving this problem in real time. The existing methods cannot meet these requirements, so this paper proposes a method based on images for a teleoperated mobile manipulator to take advantage of the redundancy to avoid the obstacles. With this method, the teleoperator can concentrate on the end-effector operation regardless of obstacle avoidance of the the arm links. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are well demonstrated by simulations.
Image interpolation based on nonlocal self-similarity

This paper presents an efficient method for the resolution enhancement of low resolution (LR) images. Inspired by the great success of nonlocal filtering, the proposed method interpolates a missing pixel by a nonlocal estimation which takes into account the self-similarity of images and the geometric duality between LR images and high resolution (HR) images. This method firstly exploits the SAI method to generate an initial HR image of the given LR image. Then the initial HR image is further improved by a nonlocal estimation that uses the given LR image as a guiding image. Pixel correction is applied to reduce the distortion of the HR estimate. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides competitive performance.
An experimental study of greedy routing algorithms

The “small world” phenomenon, i.e., the fact that the global social network is strongly connected in the sense that every two persons are inter-related through a small chain of friends, has attracted research attention and has been strongly related to the results of the social psychologist's Stanley Milgram experiments; properties of social networks and relevant problems also emerge in peer-to-peer systems and their study can shed light on important modern network design properties. In this paper, we have experimentally studied greedy routing algorithms, i.e., algorithms that route information using “long-range” connections that function as shortcuts connecting “distant” network nodes. In particular, we have implemented greedy routing algorithms, and techniques from the recent literature in networks of line and grid topology using parallelization for increasing efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, no similar attempt has been made so far.
Wellness contents recommendation based on human emotional and health status using EM

In smart healthcare age, there are a high demand on physical and mental wellness for improving the quality of life. Wellness generally means a healthy balance of the mind, body and spirit that results in an overall feeling of well-being. For wellness service, we monitor the physical and mental status of object for developing an inspection service middleware using multimodal biosensors. This multimodal sensor can measure EEG (electroencephalography), ECG (electrocardiography), respiration rate, SpO2 and skin temperature. From the measurements, we generated bio-emotional index. We also use ontology model which is enables reasoning, classification of datasets from sensor network and wellness contents recommendation. For this analysis we propose an Expectation Maximization (EM) based object health status prediction model for maximization of the risk rates of object status.
Timing Channels with Multiple Identical Quanta

We consider mutual information between release times and capture times for a set of M identical quanta traveling independently from a source to a target. The quanta are immediately captured upon arrival, rst-passage times are assumed independent and identically distributed and the quantum emission times are constrained by a deadline. The primary application area is intended to be inter/intracellular molecular signaling in biological systems whereby an organelle, cell or group of cells must deliver some message (such as transcription or developmental instructions) over distance with reasonable certainty to another organelles, cells or group of cells. However, the model can also be applied to communications systems wherein indistinguishable signals have random transit latencies.
Do Political Parties Matter? Evidence from U.S. Cities

We examine whether partisan political differences have important effects on policy outcomes at the local level using a new panel data set of mayoral elections in the United States. Applying a regression discontinuity design to deal with the endogeneity of the mayor's party, we find that party labels do not affect the size of government, the allocation of spending or crime rates, even though there is a large political advantage to incumbency in terms of the probability of winning the next election. The absence of a strong partisan impact on policy in American cities, which is in stark contrast to results at the state and federal levels of government, appears due to certain features of the urban environment associated with Tiebout sorting. In particular, there is a relatively high degree of household homogeneity at the local level that appears to provide the proper incentives for local politicians to be able to credibly commit to moderation and discourages strategic extremism.
Inference for Distributional Effects Using Instrumental Quantile Regression

In this paper we describe how quantile regression can be used to evaluate the impact of treatment on the entire distribution of outcomes, when the treatment is endogenous or selected in relation to potential outcomes. We describe an instrumental variable quantile regression process and the set of inferences derived from it, focusing on tests of distributional equality, non-constant treatment effects, conditional dominance, and exogeneity. The inference, which is subject to the Durbin problem, is handled via a method of score resampling. The approach is illustrated with a classical supply-demand and a schooling example. Results from both models demonstrate substantial treatment heterogeneity and serve to illustrate the rich variety of hypotheses that can be tested using inference on the instrumental quantile regression process.
Analysis of Weather Forecasting Model in PRISM

Weather forecasting provides an important information for general public. Analysis of weather forecasting models, through traditional simulation techniques, are not exhaustive and thus not accurate. Probabilistic model checking, a formal methods technique, as a complementary approach provides an accurate analysis for probabilistic models. In this paper, we have analyzed a simple probabilistic weather forecasting model for Islamabad weather using PRISM model checker. The reach ability and prediction capability of model has been analyzed using quantitative and qualitative properties in PRISM. Analysis shows that all the states of weather forecasting model are reachable and model is biased. In addition, we have also implemented this model in MATLAB and compared the results of both implementation, quantitatively. We have also presented a comparison between PRISM and MATLAB implementation of weather forecasting model, qualitatively.
Sub-optimal Specificity of Modified Ziehl-Neelsen Staining for Quick Identification of Tuberculous Meningitis

Background: Microbiological confirmation of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) remains problematic. We assessed the diagnostic performance of a modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) staining method that showed promise in earlier studies. Methods: Patients evaluated for TBM in Shaanxi province, China, were prospectively enrolled from May, 2011 to April, 2013. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were evaluated using the Xpert MTB/RIF® assay, MZN staining, and standard biochemical and microbiological tests, together with detailed clinical and radiological assessment. Results: Among 316 patients included in the study, 38 had definite TBM, 66 probable TBM, 163 possible TBM and 49 “no TBM,” using consensus uniform research case definition criteria. Comparing “definite or probable TBM” to “no TBM” MZN staining had higher sensitivity than Xpert MTB/RIF® (88.5 vs. 36.5%), but greatly reduced specificity (71.4 vs. 100.0%); 14/49 (28.6%) cases with “no TBM” tested positive on MZN. Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture was performed in 104/179 (58.1%) of MZN positive samples; 12.5% (13/104) were positive. Using Xpert MTB/RIF® as the reference standard, MZN had a sensitivity of 92.1% (95% CI 79.2–97.3) and specificity of 71.4% (95% CI 57.6–82.2). Conclusion: Xpert MTB/RIF® offered a rapid and specific TBM diagnosis, but sensitivity was poor. MZN was mainly hampered by false positives. Strategies to enhance the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF® or improve the diagnostic accuracy of MZN should be explored.
Political Economy of Mass Media: Public Good, News and Voting Behaviour

In every democracy mass media play a crucial role in assuring the effective working of the political system. In this paper I focus on the role of media as 'watchdog'. In an agency relationship between politician and citizens, media perform the function of an informed supervisor. Previous works have assumed that all the information available to citizens about the incumbent politician is channelled through mass media only. This work investigates how citizen's voting decision and collusion between media and politicians change if two pieces of information about the politician are available: media information and a good publicly supplied. My fi…ndings are: i) by employing both the two signals, citizens manage to sort out honest politicians from dishonest ones more often than if they were relying on media information only; ii) collusion is harder to take place than in the case of one signal only; iii) the presence of media is not always welfare improving, contrary to previous literature …findings. Finally, I argue that when rules at the constitutional level are not possible and citizens cannot commit to have less information, then collusion between media and politician can be welfare improving for citizens.
Towards a Model-Driven IEC 61131-Based Development Process in Industrial Automation

The IEC 61131-3 standard defines a model and a set of programming languages for the development of industrial automation software. It is widely accepted by industry and most of the commercial tool vendors advertise compliance with it. On the other side, Model Driven Development (MDD) has been proved as a quite successful paradigm in general-purpose computing. This was the motivation for exploiting the benefits of MDD in the industrial automation domain. With the emerging IEC 61131 specification that defines an object-oriented (OO) extension to the function block model, there will be a push to the industry to better exploit the benefits of MDD in automation systems development. This work discusses possible alternatives to integrate the current but also the emerging specification of IEC 61131 in the model driven development process of automation systems. IEC 61499, UML and SysML are considered as possible alternatives to allow the developer to work in higher layers of abstraction than the one supported by IEC 61131 and to more effectively move from requirement specifications into the implementation model of the system.
Designing a Practical High Output Impedance Current Source For EIT Systems

EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography), is one of medical imaging technologies. In this technique reconstructing conductivity of an inhomogeneous medium is done by injecting an accurate and constant current into the boundary of an object (for example body), measuring voltages around the boundary, and processing on acquired data. Images are obtained from the peripheral data by using an algorithm. A precision high output impedance current source with wide bandwidth plays an important role in the final images quality that is widely used in medical field. In this paper, we have focused first on recent studies on regular current sources (waveform synthesis and Voltage-to-Current Converter parts), with further improvements on a design of practical high output impedance current source (more than 6MÙ).
Effects of Concentration of Organically Modified Nanoclay on Properties of Sulfonated Poly(vinyl alcohol) Nanocomposite Membranes

Electrolyte nanocomposite membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and direct methanol fuel cells were prepared by carrying out a sulfonation of poly(vinyl alcohol) with sulfosuccinic acid and adding a type of organically modified montmorillonite (layered silicate nanoclay) commercially known as Cloisite 93A. The effects of the different concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 wt. %) of the organoclay in the membranes on water uptake, ion exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, and methanol permeability were measured, respectively, via gravimetry, titration, impedance analysis, and gas chromatography techniques. The IEC values remained constant for all concentrations. Water uptakes and proton conductivities of the nanocomposite membranes changed with the clay content in a nonlinear fashion. While all the nanocomposite membranes had lower methanol permeability than Nafion115, the 6% concentration of Cloisite 93A in sulfonated poly(vinyl alcohol) membrane displayed the greatest proton conductivity to methanol permeability ratio.