Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric disorders among war-abducted and non-abducted adolescents in Gulu district, Uganda: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the nature and patterns of psychiatric disorders among adolescents who had been war-abducted in the war in northern Uganda, compared to non-abducted adolescents living in Gulu district, Uganda. METHOD A cros sectional study that used an unmatched case-control design compared 82 abducted and 71 non-abducted adolescents for scores on measures of psychological distress and for selected psychiatric diagnoses using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Mini International Neural-Psychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents English version 2.0 (M.I.N.I-KID). RESULTS More than 90% of adolescents reported exposure to severe trauma, either through direct or indirect experiences. Significantly more war abducted adolescents reported PTSD (26.8%v.12.7%) (p=0.03) major depression (19.5%v.4.2%) (p=0.004), and generalised anxiety disorder (13.4v.4.2%) (p=0.049) than non abducted adolescents. By contrast, non-abducted adolescents reported more past suicidality (p=0.004, chi(2)=8.2) than adolescents who were abducted. However, despite high rates of psychiatric disorder, these adolescents had good psychosocial adjustment. CONCLUSION Adolescents in war affected areas whether warabducted or not have varied and clinically significant emotional responses to different kinds of traumatic exposure. In a war-affected area, the development of a sustainable service for adolescents that tries to address the full range of mental health problems may be more appropriate than a psychological trauma service that focuses on one diagnosis.
INEXACT AND TRUNCATED PARAREAL-INTIME KRYLOV SUBSPACE METHODS FOR PARABOLIC OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS

We study the use of inexact and truncated Krylov subspace meth ods for the solution of the linear systems arising in the discretized solution of the optimal con trol of a parabolic partial differential equation. An all-at-once temporal discretization and a reduction approa ch are used to obtain a symmetric positive definite system for the control variables only, where a Conjugate Gradient ( CG) method can be used at the cost of the solution of two very large linear systems in each iteration. We propose to use inexact Krylov subspace methods, in which the solution of the two large linear systems are not solved exactl y, and their approximate solutions can be progressively less exact. The option we propose is the use of the parareal-i n-time algorithm for approximating the solution of these two linear systems. The use of less parareal iterations makes i t po sible to reduce the time integration costs and to improve the time parallel scalability. We also show that trunc ated methods could be used without much delay in convergence but with important savings in storage. Spectral bounds are provided and numerical experiments with inexact versions of CG, the full orthogonalization method (F OM), and of truncated FOM are presented, illustrating the potential of the proposed methods.
Management of perioperative hypertensive urgencies with parenteral medications.

BACKGROUND Hypertension is the major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease such as myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. This risk is well known to extend into the perioperative period. Although most perioperative hypertension can be managed with the patient's outpatient regimen, there are situations in which oral medications cannot be administered and parenteral medications become necessary. They include postoperative nil per os status, severe pancreatitis, and mechanical ventilation. This article reviews the management of perioperative hypertensive urgency with parenteral medications. METHODS A PubMed search was conducted by cross-referencing the terms "perioperative hypertension," "hypertensive urgency," "hypertensive emergency," "parenteral anti-hypertensive," and "medication. " The search was limited to English-language articles published between 1970 and 2008. Subsequent PubMed searches were performed to clarify data from the initial search. RESULTS As patients with hypertensive urgency are not at great risk for target-organ damage (TOD), continuous infusions that require intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring and intraarterial catheters seem to be unnecessary and a possible misuse of resources. CONCLUSIONS When oral therapy cannot be administered, patients with hypertensive urgency can have their blood pressure (BP) reduced with hydralazine, enalaprilat, metoprolol, or labetalol. Due to the scarcity of comparative trials looking at clinically significant outcomes, the medication should be chosen based on comorbidity, efficacy, toxicity, and cost.
Prevalence and sociodemographic risk factors related to household food security in Aboriginal peoples in Canada

Abstract Objective Canada’s Aboriginal population is vulnerable to food insecurity and increasingly lives off-reserve. The Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 Nutrition, was used to compare the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity between non-Aboriginal and off-reserve Aboriginal households. Design Food insecurity status was based on Health Canada’s revised interpretation of responses to the US Household Food Security Survey Module. Logistic regression was used to assess if Aboriginal households were at higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households, adjusting for household sociodemographic factors. Setting Canada. Subjects Households (n 35,107), 1528 Aboriginal and 33 579 non-Aboriginal. Results Thirty-three per cent of Aboriginal households were food insecure as compared with 9 % of non-Aboriginal households (univariate OR 5·2, 95 % CI 4·2, 6·3). Whereas 14 % of Aboriginal households had severe food insecurity, 3 % of non-Aboriginal households did. The prevalence of sociodemographic risk factors for household food insecurity was higher for Aboriginal households. Aboriginal households were more likely to have three or more children (14 % v. 5 %), be lone-parent households (2 1 % v. 5 %), not have home ownership (52 % v. 31 %), have educational attainment of secondary school or less (43 % v. 26 %), have income from sources other than wages or salaries (38 % v. 29 %), and be in the lowest income adequacy category (33 % v. 12 %). Adjusted for these sociodemographic factors, Aboriginal households retained a higher risk for food insecurity than non-Aboriginal households (OR 2·6, 95 % CI 2·1, 3·2). Conclusions Off-reserve Aboriginal households in Canada merit special attention for income security and poverty alleviation initiatives.
A New Partial-Segmentation Approach to Modeling International Stock Returns

We propose a new multi-factor model for international stock returns that includes size, value, and momentum factor portfolios and that builds them in a partial-segmentation capital market framework. Accounting for externalities driven by the incomplete accessibility to stocks and stock markets, our model not only captures strong common variation in international stock returns but also achieves low pricing errors and rejection rates relative to pure segmentation and pure integration models. This partial-segmentation approach is evaluated using monthly returns for over 37,000 stocks from 46 developed and emerging market countries over 2 decades and for a wide variety of test assets.
Narrow-band electrically small metamaterial-inspired antenna with bowtie-shaped stub for WLAN

In this paper, an electrically small metamaterial-inspired antenna with bowtie-shaped stub has been proposed. Such metamaterial composite consists of CPW feed, meander line inductor and bowtie-shaped stub. The proposed antenna has been designed specifically to operate at WLAN (2.4–2.5 GHz) and offers a compact radiating element with dimensions of 0. 08λ<inf>0</inf> × 0. 12λ<inf>0</inf> × 0. 01λ<inf>0</inf> (resonating at 2.45 GHz). It has a narrow band response and offers an impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) of 3.7% with a measured gain of 2.19 dBi and simulated radiation efficiency of 69.7%. Radiation patterns are consistent throughout the band of operation. Prototype antenna has been fabricated and tested to validate the simulation results.
ABAB homoleptic bis(phthalocyaninato)lutetium(III) complex: toward the real octupolar cube and giant quadratic hyperpolarizability.

The concept of octupolar molecules has considerably enlarged the engineering of second-order nonlinear optical materials by giving access to 2D and 3D architectures. However, if the archetype of octupolar symmetry is a cube with alternating donor and acceptor groups at the corners, no translation of this ideal structure into a real molecule has been realized to date. This may be achieved by designing a bis(phthalocyaninato)lutetium(III) double-decker complex with a crosswise ABAB phthalocyanine bearing alternating electron-donor and electron-acceptor groups. In this communication, we present the first step toward this goal with the synthesis, crystal structure determination, and measurement of the molecular first-order hyperpolarizability β by harmonic light diffusion, of an original lutetium(III) sandwich complex displaying the required ABAB-type alternation for one face of the cube. This structure is characterized by an intense absorption in the near-IR due to an intervalence transition and exhibits the highest quadratic hyperpolarizability ever reported for an octupolar molecule, √ = 5750 × 10(-30) esu.
Efficiency evaluation of class-based call admission control schemes for wireless communications

Call admission control (CAC) is a significant radio resource management (RRM) function for quality of service (QoS) provisioning in wireless networks. Different CAC schemes have been proposed and evaluated, most of them under the call blocking probability (CBP) achieved. On the other hand, CAC problem in multiclass wireless networks should not only be evaluated under the CBP achieved for every service class (SC) supported, but also for other QoS and network efficiency criteria. In this paper, four CAC schemes based on guard channel policy, offering priority to high QoS level SCs, are studied and evaluated under fairness and throughput criteria with respect to input load. The simulation results indicate that although the CAC schemes studied yield good fairness and throughput, while achieving low CBP, there is a tradeoff between the previous parameters.
Valuing the Global Mortality Consequences of Climate Change Accounting for Adaptation Costs and Benefits

This paper develops the first globally comprehensive and empirically grounded estimates of mortality risk due to future temperature increases caused by climate change. Using 40 countries' subnational data, we estimate age-specific mortality-temperature relationships that enable both extrapolation to countries without data and projection into future years while accounting for adaptation. We uncover a U-shaped relationship where extreme cold and hot temperatures increase mortality rates, especially for the elderly, that is flattened by both higher incomes and adaptation to local climate (e.g., robust heating systems in cold climates and cooling systems in hot climates). Further, we develop a revealed preference approach to recover unobserved adaptation costs. We combine these components with 33 high-resolution climate simulations that together capture scientific uncertainty about the degree of future temperature change. Under a high emissions scenario, we estimate the mean increase in mortality risk is valued at roughly 3.2% of global GDP in 2100, with today's cold locations benefiting and damages being especially large in today's poor and/or hot locations. Finally, we estimate that the release of an additional ton of CO2 today will cause mean [interquartile range] damages of $36.6 [-$7.8, $73.0] under a high emissions scenario and $17.1 [-$24.7, $53.6] under a moderate scenario, using a 2% discount rate that is justified by US Treasury rates over the last two decades. Globally, these empirically grounded estimates substantially exceed the previous literature's estimates that lacked similar empirical grounding, suggesting that revision of the estimated economic damage from climate change is warranted.
Pharmacokinetics of a transdermal testosterone cream in healthy postmenopausal women

ObjectiveThe steady-state pharmacokinetics of two doses of a transdermal testosterone cream (TTC) was investigated after daily application for 21 days. MethodsThis was a two-way cross-over study conducted for 6 weeks. Seven healthy postmenopausal women (mean age, 59.3 y) were randomly allocated to 5 or 10 mg of TTC applied daily to the upper arm. Serum total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT), sex hormone–binding globulin, and metabolite concentrations were measured. Baseline-corrected and uncorrected serum TT and fT pharmacokinetic parameters (AUC0-24, Cavg, Cmax, and Tmax) were calculated using a standard model-independent approach. ResultsAfter the single-dose application of 5 mg of TTC on day 22, the median uncorrected TT Cavg was found to be 0.54 ng/mL (range, 0.43-1.31), and the median uncorrected fT Cavg was found to be 4.14 pg/mL (range, 2.41-9.72). Doubling of the dose only resulted in a 30% increase in baseline-corrected TT Cavg (0.52 vs 0.69 ng/mL for 5 and 10 mg, respectively) and a 31% increase in baseline-corrected fT Cavg (4.75 vs 6.24 pg/mL for 5 and 10 mg, respectively). Neither dose resulted in any meaningful variation in dihydrotestosterone, estrone, estradiol, or sex hormone–binding globulin across the postdose sampling period. ConclusionsThe 5-mg TTC dose restores TT and fT levels to levels above and within the reference range, respectively, for premenopausal women.
Recursive robust H/sub /spl infin// filtering within the framework of set-valued estimation

A recursive robust H/sub /spl infin// filtering algorithm is newly proposed for the discrete time uncertain linear system subject to the energy constraint called sum quadratic constraint (SQC). A set valued estimation approach will be used to tackle the given problem. To this end, by combining an SQC on the H/sub /spl infin// norm condition of the error dynamics and an inequality relationship between the uncertainty input and output, we obtain an augmented SQC and then formulate the robust H/sub /spl infin// filtering problem as the one of finding the set of estimates satisfying this constraint. The solutions will be given in terms of ellipsoids whose centers are the minimums of the indefinite quadratic function defined by the augmented SQC. The Krein space estimation theory will be utilized to efficiently deal with the minimization problem of the indefinite quadratic function and it is shown that the robust H/sub /spl infin// filter turns out to be just the special form of Krein space Kalman filter. The proposed robust filter has basically the same recursive structure as the information form of Kalman filter and therefore demands less computational burdens for the implementation. Numerical examples will be given to verify that the proposed filter guarantees the robustness in the presence of parametric uncertainties and its bounding ellipsoidal sets of filtered estimates always contain true states.
Antisense suppression of the small chloroplast protein CP12 in tobacco: A transcriptional viewpoint

The chloroplast protein CP12 forms a multi-enzyme complex with the Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes phosphoribulokinase (PRK) and NADP-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). PRK and GAPDH are inactivated when present in this complex, a process shown in vitro to be dependent upon oxidized CP12. Recently we reported on the importance of CP12 in vivo to higher plant metabolism using antisense suppression of CP12 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Our results indicated that while only minor changes in photosynthetic carbon fixation and in PRK and GAPDH activities were observed, striking changes in growth rates and morphology were seen. In this article we present data on the transcriptional changes observed in one of the antisense lines and we discuss the major findings in light of the metabolic phenotype described.
Modified allele‐specific primer–polymerase chain reaction method for analysis of susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori strains to clarithromycin

Background and Aim: Most clarithromycin‐resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori have a mutation from adenine (A) to guanine (G) at position 2142 or 2143 of the 23S rRNA gene. Our aim in this study was to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based assay that could determine these mutations in a single reaction tube.
The Association Between Weapon Carrying and Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescent Students in Bangkok, Thailand

Carrying weapons is a significant social and public health problem worldwide, especially among adolescents. The present study examined the association between weapon carrying and related risk behaviors among Thai adolescents. A cross-sectional study of 2,588 high school and vocational school students aged 11 to 19 years from 26 schools in Bangkok, Thailand, was conducted in 2014. This study found that 7.8% of youth reported having carried a weapon in the past 12 months. The high prevalence of weapon carrying was reported by male students, and males were more likely to have reported carrying a weapon than females. The association between weapon carrying and the health risk behaviors like drinking, smoking, any drug use, and physical fighting were significant with higher odds of weapon carrying in all models. Among males, weapon carrying was related to drinking and smoking, any drug use, physical fighting, and school type. Among females, suicidal thoughts were significantly related along with drinking and smoking, any drug use, and physical fighting. Having a mother who used substances was significant only among females. These data could be used for further interventions about weapon carrying to reduce violence.
Resveratrol increases bone mineral density and bone alkaline phosphatase in obese men: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

CONTEXT Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with low-grade inflammation, which may harmfully affect bone. Resveratrol (RSV) possesses anti-inflammatory properties, and rodent studies suggest bone protective effects. OBJECTIVE This study sought to evaluate effects of RSV treatment on bone in men with MetS. SETTING AND DESIGN The study was conducted at Aarhus University Hospital as a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial assessing changes in bone turnover markers, bone mineral density (BMD), and geometry. PARTICIPANTS The study population comprised 74 middle-aged obese men with MetS recruited from the general community, of which 66 completed all visits. Mean age of participants was 49.3 ± 6.3 years and mean body mass index was 33.7 ± 3.6 kg/m(2). INTERVENTION Oral treatment with 1.000 mg RSV (RSV(high)), 150 mg RSV (RSV(low)), or placebo daily for 16 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Prespecified primary endpoint was change in bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP). RESULTS BAP increased dose dependently with RSV (R = 0.471, P < .001), resulting in a significantly greater increase in BAP in the RSV(high) group compared with placebo at all time-points (week 4, 16.4 ± 4.2%, P < .001; week 8, 16.5 ± 4.1%, P < .001; week 16, 15.2 ± 3.7%, P < .001). Lumbar spine trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (LS vBMD(trab)) also increased dose dependently with RSV (R = 0.268, P = .036), with a significant increase of 2.6 ± 1.3% in the RSV(high) group compared with placebo (P = .043). In addition, changes in BAP and LS vBMD(trab) were positively correlated (R = 0.281, P = .027). No consistent changes were detected in bone density at the hip. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that high-dose RSV supplementation positively affects bone, primarily by stimulating formation or mineralization. Future studies of longer duration comprising populations at risk of osteoporosis are needed to confirm these results.
Quantifying yield impact of polishing induced defect on the silicon surface

The impact of PIDs on device yield was evaluated by detecting PIDs and performing a correlation analysis between the PID detection results and device yield of a probing test. It was consequently confirmed that PID can be detected sensitively with suitable wafer-surface inspection and SEM tools. It was also confirmed that PID correlates with device yield and that gate-dielectric defects are caused by PIDs. It is concluded that the PID is key factor in improving device yield, and we showed superior detection technology of PID.
Can business-oriented managers be effective leaders for corporate sustainability? A study of integrative and instrumental logics

This qualitative study investigates whether the views of managers need to be congruent with the corporate sustainability (CS) logics—either integrative or instrumental—of their employing organization. We assessed the CS performance of 25 organizations within the Australian forestry and wood products industry and analyzed the CS orientations of 32 senior managers within these companies to explore whether their individual CS views are consistent with organizational CS logics. The findings indicate that, in general, better performing organizations are led by managers that hold the integrative view, while poorer performing organizations are more likely to have managers with an instrumental view of CS. Nonetheless, there were noteworthy exceptions to this conclusion. The findings indicate that, under certain industry conditions, managers who hold an instrumental view may be able to generate ecological and social organizational outcomes that are at least equal to those produced by integrative managers.
Predicting the priority of a reported bug using machine learning techniques and cross project validation

In bug repositories, we receive a large number of bug reports on daily basis. Managing such a large repository is a challenging job. Priority of a bug tells that how important and urgent it is for us to fix. Priority of a bug can be classified into 5 levels from PI to P5 where PI is the highest and P5 is the lowest priority. Correct prioritization of bugs helps in bug fix scheduling/assignment and resource allocation. Failure of this will result in delay of resolving important bugs. This requires a bug prediction system which can predict the priority of a newly reported bug. Cross project validation is also an important concern in empirical software engineering where we train classifier on one project and test it for prediction on other projects. In the available literature, we found very few papers for bug priority prediction and none of them dealt with cross project validation. In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of different machine learning techniques namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Neural Network (NNet) in predicting the priority of the newly coming reports on the basis of different performance measures. We performed cross project validation for 76 cases of five data sets of open office and eclipse projects. The accuracy of different machine learning techniques in predicting the priority of a reported bug within and across project is found above 70% except Naive Bayes technique.