Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Production and citation of cochrane systematic reviews: a bibliometrics analysis.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the production and utilization of Cochrane systematic reviews(CSRs) and to analyze its influential factors, so as to improve the capacity of translating CSRs into practice. METHODS All CSRs and protocols were retrieved from the Cochrane Library ISSUE 2, 2011 and citation data were retrieved from SCI database. Citation analysis was used to analyze the situation of CSRs production and utilization. RESULTS CSR publication had grown from an annual average of 32 to 718 documents. Only one developing country was among the ten countries with the largest amount of publications. High income countries accounted for 83% of CSR publications and 90.8% of cited counts. 34.7% of CSRs had a cited count of 0, while only 0.9% had been cited more than 50 times. Highly cited CSRs were published in England, Australia, Canada, USA and other high income countries. The countries with a Cochrane center or a Cochrane methodology group had a greater capability of CSRs production and citing than others. The CSRs addressing the topics of diseases were more than those targeted at public health issues. There was a big gap in citations of different interventions even for the same topic. CONCLUSION The capability of CSR production and translation grew rapidly, but varied among countries and institutions, which was affected by several factors such as the capability of research, the resourcesand the applicability of the evidence. It is important to improve evidence translation through educating, training and prioritizing the problems based on real demands of end user. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Bone Age Corresponds With Chronological Age at Type 1 Diabetes Onset in Youth

OBJECTIVE To our knowledge, only two controversial articles have reported the study of bone age at diagnosis in diabetic children. The aim of this study was to compare chronological age with bone age and to evaluate the impact of A1C on bone age in children at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 496 diabetic children, height was measured at diagnosis and height SD score was calculated using the British 1990 growth reference. Bone age was determined according to the Greulich and Pyle method, and A1C levels were measured. RESULTS Participants' height was normal for age and sex. No significant differences were found between chronological age and bone age, and there was no correlation between Δ (bone age − chronological age) and A1C. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that height and bone maturation among diabetic children are normal for age and sex and independent of A1C at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes.
Learning to Describe Video with Weak Supervision by Exploiting Negative Sentential Information

Most previous work on video description trains individualparts of speech independently. It is more appealing from a linguistic point of view, for word models for all parts of speech to be learned simultaneously from whole sentences, a hypothesis suggested by some linguists for child language acquisition. In this paper, we learn to describe video by discriminatively training positive sentential labels against negative ones in a weakly supervised fashion: the meaning representations (i.e., HMMs) of individual words in these labels are learned from whole sentences without any correspondence annotation of what those words denote in the video. Textual descriptions are then generated for new video using trained word models.
Interaction between Amlodipine and Simvastatin in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors are often prescribed in association with antihypertensive agents, including calcium antagonists. Simvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4. The calcium antagonist amlodipine is also metabolized by CYP3A4. The purpose of this study was to investigate drug interactions between amlodipine and simvastatin. Eight patients with hypercholesterolemia and hypertension were enrolled. They were given 4 weeks of oral simvastatin (5 mg/day), followed by 4 weeks of oral amlodipine (5 mg/day) co-administered with simvastatin (5 mg/day). Combined treatment with simvastatin and amlodipine increased the peak concentration (Cmax) of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors from 9.6 ±3.7 ng/ml to 13.7±4.7 ng/ml (p<0.05) and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) from 34.3±16.5 ng h/ml to 43.9±16.6 ng h/ml (p<0.05) without affecting the cholesterol-lowering effect of simvastatin. This study is the first to determine prospectively the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction between amlodipine and simvastatin.
Swing leg retraction using virtual apex method for the ParkourBot climbing robot

This paper describes a simple control scheme for the two-legged dynamic climbing robot, the ParkourBot. Inspired by the swing leg retraction (SLR) method used on running robots, we propose to implement an SLR controller that does not require an actual apex crossing event as an initiator. The familiar SLR control for running is initiated when the center of mass (CoM) of the robot reaches the apex of its trajectory. Often, dynamic climbing gaits do not reach an apex. We therefore define an alternative initiator named, the virtual apex. We evaluate two simple models, the conservative spring loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model, and the more realistic non-conservative SLIP model. We show, in simulation, that using SLR we are able to stabilize and control the otherwise unstable conservative SLIP model. We also show, that using the SLR significantly increases the robustness of the non-conservative SLIP model. Finally, we validate our results through experiments on the ParkourBot climbing robot.
Growth rate and biofilm thickness of Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus mutans on hydroxapatite Note

Bacteria in biofilm and planktonic bacteria exhibit different properties. The objective of the present study was to compare the growth rates of Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus mutans on different types of biofilm with their planktonic growth rate. Our experimental model consisted of hydroxyapatite beads coated with human saliva (sHA). Glucans or fructans were synthesized in situ on sHA by immobilized cell‐free glucosyltransferase or fructosyltransferase isolated from oral bacteria. S. sobrinus or S. mutans was then adsorbed onto the glucan‐ or fructan‐coated sHA and incubated for different time intervals. The depth of the developing biofilm was measured. Our results show that growth rates of S. sobrinus and S. mutans on both fructan‐ and glucan‐coated sHA were similar during a 23 h period. In addition, the profile was similar to the growth profile of the same planktonic bacteria. The resemblance in growth rates between planktonic and biofilm bacteria may be attributed to the thin and non‐dense biofilm formed in the initial stages of the biofilm formation. The thin biofilm coat, reaching a maximal depth of 11 μm, has only imposed limited diffusion restrictions, thus not affecting the growth of the bacteria in the biofilm. Our study shows that growth of bacteria on surfaces may resemble their growth in suspension if the bacteria are not embedded in a thick dense biofilm.
Trade-offs in system of systems acquisition

Large organisations tend to have multiple organisational goals. Example goals for organisations that perform search and rescue might be being able to search large areas quickly, and to provide, for the speedy recovery of survivors. To satisfy these goals, organisations will acquire different resources such as new systems, training programmes, infrastructure and processes. These different resources when combined to meet the same organisational goals, can be considered as a System of Systems (SoS). Organisational goals can be satisfied by completely different resource combinations with each resource combination satisfying the individual goals to varying degrees and with different overall costs. Since organisations only have limited resources available to them, there is an incentive for organisations to find the most efficient resource combinations to satisfy their goals. This can be considered as performing trade-offs in SoS acquisition. There are several open research gaps in performing trade-offs in SoS acquisition. The first is that the resources involved are heterogeneous. How do you compare the benefits of new equipment against new training programmes or organisational structures? The second is the multi-objective nature of the problem with the different organisational goals competing for the same limited budget. The third is managing the problem through-life and maintaining the satisfaction of organisational goals as old system retire and new systems come into service. This thesis presents a model-based technique (with prototype tool support) that combines techniques from the fields of through life capability management, goal modelling, search-based software engineering and model-driven engineering. This technique addresses the three problems stated above allowing decision makers to more efficiently consider the trade-offs involved when performing SoS acquisition. The technique has been evaluated on a realistic case study and on a standard problem found in the field of search-based software engineering.
Fenomenologia e Psicologia Experimental no Início do Século XX

O estudo examina as relacoes entre fenomenologia e psicologia experimental no inicio do seculo XX para definir origem, especificidade e abrangencia do termo fenomenologia experimental. Inicia com a indicacao de que o termo esta associado a Carl Stumpf em Berlim. A seguir, acompanha as relacoes conturbadas entre Husserl e o Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade de Gottingen. Na sequencia constata a influencia frutuosa da fenomenologia na psicologia experimental da Universidade de Wurzburg e na psicologia gestaltaltica de Max Wertheimer. A fenomenologia experimental continuou pelos meados do seculo XX com repercussoes na psicologia ecologica de James Gibson. Embora Husserl tenha se distanciado da psicologia experimental, a fenomenologia experimental prosseguiu sem seu aval, subsidiando na atualidade as ciencias cognitivas e as neurociencias.
Molecules for the millennium: how will they look? New drug discovery year 2000

A new approach to cancer drug discovery targets molecules important in cancer pathogenesis. This approach is thought to be of greater promise than the antiproliferative screens which discovered cytotoxic agents and dominated cancer drug discovery for 60 years. However, one cannot lose sight of the fact that these targets exist in the cellular environment consisting of many additional influences on target function, and that effective drug treatment will take into account drug uptake, metabolism and elimination at the level of the cell as well as the organism. A key goal is to define for the new millennium a path to cancer drug discovery and development which accounts for the cancer cell phenotype in its totality rather than as arising solely from single molecular targets. The US National Cancer Institute maintains a cell-based drug discovery screen which can define a context for drug action in the milieu of more than 300 molecular targets and thousands of gene expression patterns which have been measured in the 60 human tumour cell lines which comprise the screening panel. The challenge of the millennium will be addressed by molecules active against defined targets but with selectivity of action occurring in the milieu of deregulated cancer cell biology in all its aspects. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer. com
Evaluation of Influencing Factors in an Impact Analysis Methodology for the Adoption of Cloud-Based Services

Technical advancements in virtualization and Service-oriented Architectures, the technology backbone of Cloud Computing (CC), along with the availability of high speed Internet has escalated the performance of CC in terms of elasticity, throughput, agility, or response time. However, according to the Gartner's Hype cycle of 2014, CC is at the "Trough of Disillusionment", which hints at "waning of interest as the implementations fail to deliver" [7]. The reason for this situation is the lack of a methodological impact analysis for adopting cloud-based services in an organization. In the context of CC an impact analysis is complicated due to the complex architecture of services and presence of influencing factors from multiple dimensions (technical, economical, and organizational). This paper, therefore, extends and evaluates the methodology "Impact Analysis Methodology for Cloud-based Services (IAMCIS)" that quantifies the impact of cloud-based services before they are adopted in an organization [6]. The methodology is illustrated in combination with a use-case obtained from a survey conducted with 17 organizations (with varied domain of expertise, size, and geographical scope), who plan to adopt or have adopted cloud-based services for fulfilling their IT requirements.
The Effect of Legal Expert Commentary on Lay Judgments of Judicial Decision Making

The public's view of the judiciary is a key factor in the legitimacy of any legal system. Ideally, popular judgments of the adjudicative branch would be independent of the outcomes of the decisions it furnishes. In a previous study (Simon & Scurich 2011), we found that lay people's evaluations of the judicial decision‐making process were highly contingent on the decision outcomes. Participants gave favorable evaluations of the judges and their decisions when they agreed with the judges' outcomes, but reported negative evaluations when they disagreed with them. These results held true across four different types of judicial reasoning, and despite the fact that all decisions were described as having followed proper procedures and been argued by competent lawyers. That study left open the possibility that the public's judgments might be moderated by professional elites, namely, legal experts. Indeed, in real life, much of the public's information about judicial decisions is derived from legal experts who communicate and comment on them in the media. This study examined the effect of professional commentators on lay people's judgments of judicial decision making. We found that the experts' commentaries do not alter participants' evaluations of the courts' decisions, as the evaluations continue to be influenced strongly by the participants' agreement with the outcomes of the judges' decisions. Moreover, lay people's reactions to the experts follow a similar pattern: the experts are deemed competent and their commentaries are deemed reliable when the participants agree with the outcomes propounded by the experts, but the opposite is true when the participants' preferred outcomes are incongruent with the outcomes endorsed by the experts. These findings suggest that the outcome‐dominated judgments of courts cannot easily be tempered by professional elites. This conclusion could also provide some insight into the dynamic process that enables political polarization.
Mechanism of Fragility at BCL2 Gene Minor Breakpoint Cluster Region during t(14;18) Chromosomal Translocation*

Background: The mechanism of fragility at mcr during t(14;18) translocation is not known. Results: RAGs nick mcr using a unique mechanism involving the CCACCTCT motif, which is critical for its fragility. Importantly, mcr undergoes synapsis with RSS within cells, which is RAG-dependent. Conclusion: RAGs are responsible for fragility at mcr. Significance: The mechanism identified herein may help in understanding how DNA breaks during other translocations. The t(14;18) translocation in follicular lymphoma is one of the most common chromosomal translocations. Breaks in chromosome 18 are localized at the 3′-UTR of BCL2 gene or downstream and are mainly clustered in either the major breakpoint region or the minor breakpoint cluster region (mcr). The recombination activating gene (RAG) complex induces breaks at IgH locus of chromosome 14, whereas the mechanism of fragility at BCL2 mcr remains unclear. Here, for the first time, we show that RAGs can nick mcr; however, the mechanism is unique. Three independent nicks of equal efficiency are generated, when both Mg2+ and Mn2+ are present, unlike a single nick during V(D)J recombination. Further, we demonstrate that RAG binding and nicking at the mcr are independent of nonamer, whereas a CCACCTCT motif plays a critical role in its fragility, as shown by sequential mutagenesis. More importantly, we recapitulate the BCL2 mcr translocation and find that mcr can undergo synapsis with a standard recombination signal sequence within the cells, in a RAG-dependent manner. Further, mutation to the CCACCTCT motif abolishes recombination within the cells, indicating its vital role. Hence, our data suggest a novel, physiologically relevant, nonamer-independent mechanism of RAG nicking at mcr, which may be important for generation of chromosomal translocations in humans.
Combining Feature and Prototype Pruning by Uncertainty Minimization

We focus in this paper on dataset reduction techniques for use in k-nearest neighbor classification. In such a context, feature and prototype selections have always been independently treated by the standard storage reduction algorithms. While this certifying is theoretically justified by the fact that each subproblem is NP-hard, we assume in this paper that a joint storage reduction is in fact more intuitive and can in practice provide better results than two independent processes. Moreover, it avoids a lot of distance calculations by progressively removing useless instances during the feature pruning. While standard selection algorithms often optimize the accuracy to discriminate the set of solutions, we use in this paper a criterion based on an uncertainty measure within a nearest-neighbor graph. This choice comes from recent results that have proven that accuracy is not always the suitable criterion to optimize. In our approach, a feature or an instance is removed if its deletion improves information of the graph. Numerous experiments are presented in this paper and a statistical analysis shows the relevance of our approach, and its tolerance in the presence of noise.
Compensatory Mechanism for Homeostatic Blood Pressure Regulation in Ephx2 Gene-disrupted Mice*

Arachidonic acid-derived epoxides, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, are important regulators of vascular homeostasis and inflammation, and therefore manipulation of their levels is a potentially useful pharmacological strategy. Soluble epoxide hydrolase converts epoxyeicosatrienoic acids to their corresponding diols, dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, modifying or eliminating the function of these oxylipins. To better understand the phenotypic impact of Ephx2 disruption, two independently derived colonies of soluble epoxide hydrolase-null mice were compared. We examined this genotype evaluating protein expression, biofluid oxylipin profile, tissue oxylipin production capacity, and blood pressure. Ephx2 gene disruption eliminated soluble epoxide hydrolase protein expression and activity in liver, kidney, and heart from each colony. Plasma levels of epoxy fatty acids were increased, and fatty acid diols levels were decreased, while measured levels of lipoxygenase- and cyclooxygenase-dependent oxylipins were unchanged. Liver and kidney homogenates also show elevated epoxide fatty acids. However, in whole kidney homogenate a 4-fold increase in the formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid was measured along with a 3-fold increase in lipoxygenase-derived hydroxylation and prostanoid production. Unlike previous reports, however, neither Ephx2-null colony showed alterations in basal blood pressure. Finally, the soluble epoxide hydrolase-null mice show a survival advantage following acute systemic inflammation. The data suggest that blood pressure homeostasis may be achieved by increasing production of the vasoconstrictor, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the kidney of the Ephx2-null mice. This shift in renal metabolism is likely a metabolic compensation for the loss of the soluble epoxide hydrolase gene.
Graph coloring based spectrum allocation for femtocell downlink interference mitigation

Femtocell networks have great potential for mobile applications. However, interference due to the co-existence of macrocells and femtocells is a serious problem. In addition, dense femtocells introduce severe inter-system interference. In this paper, a graph theory based dynamic sub-band allocation technique is presented to avoid downlink interference. We model the cells and their mutual interference as graph elements, nodes and weighted edges, respectively. To maintain a tolerable interference level, the total bandwidth is divided into a number of sub-bands, and these are assigned to the femtocells using a graph coloring algorithm. The division is optimized to minimize the bandwidth used to meet user traffic requirements, and minimize the femto-to-macro interference. In addition, sub-bands are assigned to the femtocells to avoid inter-femto interference. An iterative spectrum management algorithm is also introduced.
The Lived Meaning of Symbolic Consumption and Identity Construction in Stable and Transitional Phases: Towards an Analytical Framework

In this paper, we propose an analytical framework for the investigation of consumers’ lived experience of identity related consumption in stable and transitional phases. The framework integrates the ideas (1) that objects can support the consumer’s identity construction because of their ’signal’ value-or because of their potential to provide the consumer with a certain ’experience’ of self, (2) that these meanings can reside in a ’common’ domainor in a more ’private’ domain, and (3) that these meanings can be vehicles for the ongoing ‘maintenance’ as well as ‘acquisition’ or ‘disposition’ of important life roles.
Size effect on variable-range-hopping transport in PrBa2Cu3O7-x.

Normal transport properties and their size effect of PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x are studied using planar-type junction specimens. The transport properties of PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-x are in accordance with a variable-range-hopping mechanism. The localized wave function for this conduction has a decay length of 8.5 nm, and the hopping distance is 96 nm at 2 K. The conductance properties of junctions with a length of a few times the hopping distance show a size erect. A Coulomb correlation gap is observed at temperatures lower than 4 K, and the minimum conductance at the Coulomb gap depends weakly on temperature and magnetic field
Extraction et regroupement de relations entre entités pour l’extraction d’information non supervisée [Extraction and clustering of entity relations for unsupervised information extraction]

RESUME. Cet article se situe dans le cadre de l’extraction d’information non supervisee en domaine ouvert en se concentrant sur l’extraction et le regroupement a large echelle de relations entre entites nommees de type non defini a priori. L’etape d’extraction combine l’utilisation de criteres simples mais efficaces et une procedure de filtrage a base d’apprentissage. L’etape de regroupement organise quant a elle les relations extraites pour en caracteriser le type selon une strategie multiniveau permettant de prendre en compte a la fois un volume important et des criteres de regroupement elabores. Les evaluations menees montrent que cette approche a la capacite d’extraire des relations avec une bonne precision et de les grouper selon leurs similarites semantique et thematique.