Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pooled, double-blind comparison of the effects of buspirone, diazepam and placebo in women with chronic anxiety.

Pooled data were analyzed for 367 female patients enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre trial comparing buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic, and diazepam in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. After a 4 to 7-day wash-out period, patients were allocated at random to receive one or other of the trial medications or placebo over a 4-week period. Mean daily dosages were 24.5 mg for buspirone and 20.8 mg for diazepam (range 10 mg to 60 mg for both drugs). Patients were assessed on entry and at weekly intervals using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and at the end of treatment both patients and physicians gave an overall opinion of response to treatment. Details of adverse events were also recorded. The results showed that both buspirone and diazepam were approximately equal in efficacy and superior to placebo. Menstruation and the occurrence of premenstrual tension did not alter the anxiolytic activity of either drug. Patients taking diazepam had significantly more adverse effects, i.e. drowsiness, weakness, fatigue, inco-ordination and depression, than did those in the buspirone group. In a separate commentary, the anxiety disorder and the data from the study are reviewed to place them in the overall perspective of gynaecological care.
Learning with General Proximity Measures

Proximity is the basic quality which identifies and characterizes groups of objects in various domains and contexts. When objects are compared to a set of chosen prototype examples, proximity can be used as a natural ingredient to build a numerical representation. Pattern classes may be learned from such proximity representations by the traditional nearest neighbor rule, as well as by other alternative strategies. These encode the proximity information in suitable representation vector spaces in which statistical classifiers can be trained. Such recognition techniques can be successful, provided that the measure is informative, independently whether it is metric or Euclidean, or not.
Performativity and the Power of Shame: Lesson Observations, Emotional Labour and Professional Habitus

Teaching and learning observations (henceforth ‘observations’) are used in educational environments worldwide to assess teaching quality and support professional development through reflexivity. Pressures from neo-liberalist, New Right politics encourage observations that are evaluative in nature, thereby over-emphasising quantitative strategies. Research suggests some observations are ineffectual because of emotional tensions between what is perceived as ‘authentic’ teaching and the inherent performativity required by managerialist policies (Ball 2003). But as Scheff (2003) argues, conformity to social processes is not necessarily based on an individual's awareness of explicit rewards or sanctions resulting from judgements. Instead it can be based on invisible self-perceptions of the risk of shame. In turn, this discourages playfulness as these actions may be considered deviations from ‘best practice’. Hence observations can limit teacher effectiveness because they involve interpretations and judgements by an Other (Price 2001). This article draws on narrative data from tertiary-sector staff in a UK research study using a multi-disciplinary interpretive framework (Denzin 1989). Given the importance attributed to reflexivity in teaching practice, research in this area is sparse. Emotional factors within these contexts are often disregarded, perhaps because articulating feelings is considered weak or dangerous (Lupton 1998). However, Bourdieu's theoretical concepts of professional habitus, field and capital bring deeper meaning to interpretations of teachers’ embodied emotional labour (Colley 2006a; Nias 1996; Reay 2004). The subtle nuance within the participants’ narratives illuminates the observer/observee dynamic within the classroom, providing examples of the complex, fluid nature of perceptions of performativity in observations; the inherent rewards and risks.
7.7 A 768Gb 3b/cell 3D-floating-gate NAND flash memory

A planar floating-gate NAND technology has previously realized a 0.87Gb/mm2 memory density using 3b/cell [1] and achieved a minimum feature size for 16nm [2]. However, the development of planar NAND flash is expected to reach the scaling limit in a few technology generations. To break though this limit, a significant shift to 3D NAND flash has begun and several types of 3D memory cell structures have been proposed and discussed [3-5]. Recently a 3D V-NAND technology achieved 1.86Gb/mm2 using charge-trap cells and 3b/cell [6]. This paper presents a 3b/cell NAND flash memory utilizing a 3D floating gate (FG) technology that achieves 4.29Gb/mm2.
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection of M1 and M2 Macrophages Triggers Inflammation and Autologous T-Cell Proliferation

ABSTRACT Macrophages (Mϕ) are first targets during human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and are thought to be crucial for viral persistence and dissemination. However, since Mϕ are also a first line of defense and key modulators of the immune response, these cells are at the crossroad between protection and viral pathogenesis. To date, the Mϕ-specific contribution to the immune response against HCMV is still poorly understood. In view of the opposite roles of M1 and M2 Mϕ during initiation and resolution of the immune response, we characterized the effects of HCMV infection on classically activated M1 Mϕ and alternatively activated M2 Mϕ. Although HCMV susceptibility was higher in M2 Mϕ, HCMV established a productive and persistent infection in both types of Mϕ. Upon HCMV encounter, both types of Mϕ acquired similar features of classical activation and secreted high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. As a functional consequence, conditioned media obtained from HCMV-infected M1 and M2 Mϕ potently activated freshly isolated monocytes. Finally, compared to HCMV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells, infected M1 and M2 Mϕ were more efficient in stimulating proliferation of autologous T cells from HCMV-seropositive donors at early times (24 h) postinfection, while the Mϕ immunostimulatory properties were reduced, but not abrogated, at later times (72 h postinfection). In summary, our findings indicate that Mϕ preserve proper antigen presentation capacity upon HCMV infection while enhancing inflammation, thus suggesting that Mϕ play a role in the maintenance of the large HCMV-specific T-cell repertoire in seropositive individuals.
Online Social Network Popularity Evolution: An Additive Mixture Model

Nowadays, users of online platforms can manage their own visibility and therefore popularity by mixing self-publishing activities and social networking. If one can develop strategies for building a reputation, his success is not determined only by his actions but also by the context in which he is involved. His popularity may evolve during time and this can be caused by multiple reasons. In this study we try to understand the reasons behind the evolution of MySpace artists' popularity. We use an additive mixture model in order to explain the variation of popularity between two snapshots of the same MySpace population. First we categorize the population into 5 clusters depending on their audience and authority in the first snapshot. Then we compute a model to assess the factors explaining the variation of popularity. We find that the evolution of the popularity, both in terms of audience and authority, is not explained by the same factors depending on the initial popularity.
The Role of Phonetic Knowledge in Phonological Patterning: Corpus and Survey Evidence from Tagalog Infixation

INSERT ABSTRACT A current controversy in phonological theory concerns the explanation of crosslinguistic tendencies. It is often assumed that crosslinguistic tendencies are explained by mental bias: a pattern is common because it is favored by learners/speakers. But work by Blevins and colleagues in EVOLUTIONARY PHONOLOGY has argued that many crosslinguistic tendencies can be explained without positing such bias. This would mean that crosslinguistic tendencies cannot be unproblematically used as evidence about the mental machinery that humans bring to learning and using language. In response, many researchers have looked at different types of data, such as processing, learning of real and artificial languages, and literary invention. This article presents another type of data: extension of native-language phonology to words with novel phonological structure, in this case infixation in Tagalog into loanwords with novel initial consonant clusters. The data come from a written corpus and a survey. Tagalog speakers’ treatment of these clusters parallels Fleischhacker’s crosslinguistic findings of cluster splittability. This article argues that explaining the data requires attributing to Tagalog speakers phonetic knowledge and a bias about how to apply that knowledge.
Neuropsychological and neurological sequelae of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and the estimated need for neurorehabilitation: a prospective pilot study.

BACKGROUND Diffuse brain injury is a key component of post-cardiac arrest syndrome reported in 30-80% of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). It is responsible for a high mortality rate, and is a common cause of cognitive and neurological deficits and disability. Symptom variability and dynamics and the rehabilitation potential remain poorly understood. AIM To investigate symptom prevalence, type, and severity and the natural course of recovery within 12 months after OHCA, and to estimate neurorehabilitation needs. METHODS Study participants were selected from OHCA survivors admitted consecutively to a cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) serving 250,000 of Warsaw's inhabitants, according to the following inclusion criteria: first ever nontraumatic, normothermic cardiac arrest, age ≤ 75 years; cardiology ward survival until discharge, and no history of pre-existing brain disease. Patients' cognitive and neurological status and disability were evaluated in the first days after onset and three, six and 12 months later. Neuropsychological assessment focused on attention, memory, executive, linguistic and visuo-spatial abilities. Neurological examination included assessment of cranial nerves, muscle strength and tone, deep tendon reflexes, cerebellar function, sensory function, and gait. The general psychophysical state was classified using the Disability Rating Scale. Patients' neurorehabilitation needs were determined using data collected three months post-OHCA. This data was used to estimate future demands for such resources in Poland. RESULTS During a 28-month study period, of 69 OHCA patients admitted to the CICU, 29 met the study criteria (33 survived until discharge from cardiology unit; four did not meet further criteria). Severe consciousness disorders were most frequent in the early post-OHCA phase (28%); no unresponsive patients were identified 12 months later. Of responsive patients who were capable of at least minimal co-operation, 100% (early after OHCA) to 57% (12 months after OHCA) had cognitive impairment, usually with neurological symptoms. Memory impairment was the most common and severe problem, followed by executive, attentional, language and visuo-spatial dysfunctions. The prevalence of neurological deficits ranged from 88% (early after OHCA) to 43% (12 months after OHCA). Due to acquired deficits, between 71% (early post-OHCA) and 36% (12 months post-OHCA) of patients were significantly disabled and often dependent. Although dysfunctions tended to improve, over 50% of the patients remained impaired 12 months post-OHCA, and over 30% were significantly disabled. We estimated that about 800 OHCA survivors/year in Poland will develop symptoms requiring neurorehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive and neurological symptoms are common after cardiac arrest brain injury. Establishing specialised neurorehabilitation centres is essential for treating these patients.
Forty-one recent cases of invasive zygomycosis from a global clinical registry.

BACKGROUND Invasive zygomycosis accounts for a significant proportion of all invasive fungal diseases (IFD), but clinical data on the clinical course and treatment response are limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fungiscope-A Global Rare Fungal Infection Registry is an international university-based case registry that collects data of patients with rare IFD, using a web-based electronic case form at www.fungiscope. net. RESULTS Forty-one patients with invasive zygomycosis from central Europe and Asia were registered. The most common underlying conditions were malignancies (n = 26; 63.4%), diabetes mellitus (n = 7; 17.1%) and solid organ transplantation (n = 4; 9.8%). Diagnosis was made by culture in 28 patients (68.3%) and by histology in 26 patients (63.4%). The main sites of infection were the lungs (n = 24; 58.5%), soft tissues (n = 8; 19.5%), rhino-sinu-orbital region (n = 8; 19.5%) and brain (n = 6; 14.6%). Disseminated infection of more than one non-contiguous site was seen in six patients (14.6%). Mycocladus corymbifer was the most frequently identified species (n = 10, 24.4%). A favourable response was observed in 23 patients (56.1%). Overall survival was 51.2% (n = 21). At diagnosis, four patients (9.8%) were on continuous antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole (n = 1; 2.4%) or posaconazole (n = 3; 7.3%). Initial targeted treatment with activity against zygomycetes was administered to 34 patients (82.9%). Liposomal amphotericin B was associated with improved response (P = 0.012) and survival rates (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Pathogen distribution and, consequently, drug susceptibility seem to vary across different geographic regions. Furthermore, protection from invasive zygomycosis for patients on posaconazole prophylaxis is not absolute. Our findings indicate that the use of liposomal amphotericin B as first-line treatment for patients diagnosed with zygomycoses merits further investigation, preferably in the form of a clinical trial.
An empirical study of the adoption dynamics of beta products in co-creation

This paper studies concurrent phenomenon of beta products and their diffusion in the co-creation communities. Freely distributed beta products are in many cases essential building blocks of digital business ecosystems. Specifically, the research presents results of adoption of three different beta software products in a co-creation community. The results reveal some surprising differences to traditional product adoption dynamics. These differences create important requirements for managing innovations in practical environments.
Spin based neuron-synapse module for ultra low power programmable computational networks

A spin-CMOS hybrid design for neural network is presented. We employ spin torque switched nano-magnets for realizing ultra low power, high speed neuron and domain wall magnets for compact, programmable synapses. The spin based neuron-synapse units operate locally at ultra low supply voltage of 30 mV resulting in low computation power. CMOS based longer distance, inter neuron communication achieves high integration. We corroborate circuit operation with physics based models developed for the spin devices. Simulation results for a benchmark application shows 95% improvement in power consumption as compared to 45 nm CMOS design.
Exponent Function for Source Coding with Side Information at the Decoder at Rates below the Rate Distortion Function

We consider the rate distortion problem with side information at the decoder posed and investigated by Wyner and Ziv. The rate distortion function indicating the trade-off between the rate on the data compression and the quality of data obtained at the decoder was determined by Wyner and Ziv. In this paper, we study the error probability of decoding at rates below the rate distortion function. We evaluate the probability of decoding such that the estimation of source outputs by the decoder has a distortion not exceeding a prescribed distortion level. We prove that when the rate of the data compression is below the rate distortion function this probability goes to zero exponentially and derive an explicit lower bound of this exponent function. On the Wyner-Ziv source coding problem the strong converse coding theorem has not been established yet. We prove this as a simple corollary of our result.
Radiance cache splatting: a GPU-friendly global illumination algorithm

Fast global illumination computation is a challenge in several fields such as lighting simulation and computergenerated visual effects for movies. To this end, the irradiance caching algorithm is commonly used since it provides high-quality rendering in a reasonable time. However this algorithm relies on a spatial data structure in which nearest-neighbors queries and data insertions are performed alternately within a single rendering step. Due to this central and permanently modified data structure, the irradiance caching algorithm cannot be easily implemented on graphics hardware. This paper proposes a novel approach to global illumination using irradiance and radiance cache: the radiance cache splatting. This method directly meets the processing constraints of graphics hardware since it avoids the need of complex data structure and algorithms. Moreover, the rendering quality remains identical to classical irradiance and radiance caching. Our renderer shows an implementation of our algorithm which provides a significant speedup compared to classical irradiance caching.
Design of an Optical Sensor for Aluminium(III) Determination Based on Immobilization of Eriochrome Cyanine R on a Triacetylcellulose

A selective optical sensor based on immobilization of Eriochrome Cyanine R for the determination of Al(III) ions in aqueous solution has been developed. The method is based on the spectrophotometric measurement of complex Eriochrome Cyanine R-aluminium at 537 nm. The sensing membrane is made of a triacetylcellulose film containing Eriochrome Cyanine R colorimetric reagent immobilized as an ion pair with methyltrioctylammonium chloride. The response of the sensor is based on the Eriochrome Cyanine R absorbance decrease by the coordination of Al(III) ions. At pH= 6.0, the linear dynamic rangeis varied from 3.22×10 to 4.10×10 mol L with a detection limit of 1.2× 10 mol L. A dynamic working range, detection limit, sensitivity, selectivity and the response time were discussed in detail. The response was pH dependent. The membrane responds to Al(III) ions irreversibly by changing color from pink to blue. The membrane was regenerated in less than 30 seconds with 0.1 mol L EDTA solution and was ready for further measurements. The response time of the sensor was within 16 min depending on the concentration of Al (III) ions. The sensor response was found to have a repeatability and reproducibility of 1.62% and 3%, respectively. The sensor provides appropriate selectivity to Al(III) ions over transition metal cations, including Co(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II). The sensor has been used for the determination of Al(III) ions in potable water and aluminium – magnesium syrup.
Folding a cusp into a swallowtail

The Hamiltonian Hopf bifurcation is described by part of a swallowtail surface. In this short note it is shown that this swallowtail is actually a non-transversally unfolded cusp singularity, and that the swallowtail surface is obtained by folding a cusp along a fold line that is tangent to the cusp and moving along the cusp.
The semantics of syntactic choice an analysis of Englishemotion verbs

Psychological verbs ('`psych-verbs'') such as admire, amaze, fear, and frighten, have long been known to exhibit marked syntactic behavior in many languages. This behavior has inspired numerous analyses which assume that there is a unified explanation for the observed patterns. In this dissertation, I focus on the more problematic class of psych-verbs, the so-called Object-Experiencer (Obj-Exp) verbs (e.g. amaze, depress, frighten, fascinate) and argue, as some others have, that the explanation for their unusual character is primarily semantic in nature, and can be traced back to the ways in which humans conceptualize psychological events and processes. It is commonly argued that the special behavior of these verbs obtains only in their stative and/or more controversially non-agentive readings. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses of the semantic properties of Obj-Exp verbs and their arguments, I explore a controversial topic in previous research: the interaction of stativity and passivization among different subclasses of Obj-Exp verbs in English. Analysis of corpus data shows that eventive and stative uses are available to all Obj-Exp verbs in both the active and passive. I show that the choice between active and passive uses is particularly sensitive to the causal role of the stimulus and the nature of the emotion denoted by the verb; together these determine the linguistic construal of the situation as either a causative process or an attitudinal state. Additionally, I examine the variable (un-)acceptability of English Obj-Exp verbs in agentive contexts, and offer experimental and corpus data showing that a given verb's acceptability in an agentive context directly correlates with the tendency for its emotion to be iv associated with a controllable antecedent. These facts argue against analyzing differences in agentivity among psych-verbs at the level of lexical semantic structure, and instead suggest treating agentivity as an inference arising from the total integration of semantic, syntactic, and contextual information in the clause. Overall, the findings of these linguistic studies align well with recent theories developed in the psychological literature on emotion.
Towards Optimal Performance-Area Trade-Off in Adders by Synthesis of Parallel Prefix Structures

This paper proposes an efficient algorithm to synthesize prefix graph structures that yield adders with the best performance-area trade-off. For designing a parallel prefix adder of a given bit-width, our approach generates prefix graph structures to optimize an objective function such as size of prefix graph subject to constraints like bit-wise output logic level. Given bit-width n and level (L) restriction, our algorithm excels the existing algorithms in minimizing the size of the prefix graph. We also prove its size-optimality when n is a power of two and L= log2n. Besides prefix graph size optimization and having the best performance-area trade-off, our approach, unlike existing techniques, can 1) handle more complex constraints such as maximum node fanout or wire-length that impact the performance/area of a design and 2) generate several feasible solutions that minimize the objective function. Generating several size-optimal solutions provides the option to choose adder designs that mitigate constraints such as wire congestion or power consumption that are difficult to model as constraints during logic synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach improves performance by 3% and area by 9% over even a 64-bit full custom designed adder implemented in an industrial high-performance design.
Transmission of JPEG-coded images over wireless channels

The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) standard is widely used for coding still images. It is very sensitive to transmission errors and can be employed successfully only when the transmission channel is nearly error free. Wireless communication channels are characterized by long bursts of data errors, and average bit error rates (BERs) of 10−3 to 10−4 are typical in cellular mobile radio channels. This paper presents an efficient scheme to transmit JPEG-coded images over wireless channels. In addition, some postprocessing techniques — used for error concealment of JPEG images transmitted over wireless channels — are discussed. The paper also demonstrates the effectiveness of the postprocessing techniques for a diverse set of images obtained from indoor radio channel experiments.