Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of Axillary Web Syndrome in Patients After Breast Cancer Surgery: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Clinical Aspects A Prospective Study

Objectives: Axillary web syndrome (AWS) is a complication after breast cancer surgery associated with the axillary approach. We defined a diagnosis tool as well as evaluated cord frequency, characteristics, and risk factors. Methods: A prospective cohort study of 173 women followed-up at Breast Diseases Division of Universidade Federal de São Paulo between July 2014 and September 2015 was established as an evaluation protocol to diagnose AWS. Sociodemographic status, anthropometric values, range of motion, comorbidities, pain, cord frequency, and characteristics (localization, number, palpable, and/or visible) among other data were collected at different time points before and after surgery. Results: The majority of the cords appeared by the seventh day (66.1%), and the total incidence of the cords was 90.9% at the 180th day. The axilla was the place for 80% of the occurrence of AWS, and >70% of the cords were palpable. Flexion and abduction of the shoulder showed reduced range of motion. Pain was present in 39.7% of the patients. Lymphadenectomy as well as hypertension were associated with increased risk of cord development; diabetes was associated with a decreased risk. Conclusions: The evaluation protocol applied here showed a high incidence of AWS, with palpable cords more frequent than visible ones. The significance of hypertension and diabetes mellitus as risk factors for cord development in AWS should be evaluated in future studies. The evaluation protocol developed in this study seems to be of great importance for early detection of AWS and could also be valuable for future treatment planning.
Synthesis and apical and basolateral secretion of thyroglobulin by thyroid cell monolayers on permeable substrate: Modulation by thyrotropin

In the thyroid glands, thyroglobulin (Tg) is specifically synthesized by follicular cells and then secreted into the apical lumen where it is concentrated and used as a substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis. The presence of Tg in the circulation has been reported in normal and pathological situations. To determine the domains of the plasma membrane, apical and/or basolateral, involved in Tg secretion, porcine thyroid epithelial cells were cultured as a monolayer on the porous bottom of a culture chamber in which both apical and basal media are independently accessible. Control experiments using labeled Tg ascertained the tightness of the monolayer and showed that within 48 h only 0.2–0.5% of the Tg introduced in the apical medium was transferred through the cell layer into the basal compartment. For kinetic studies of Tg synthesis and secretion, monolayers were cultured for up to 72 h in the presence of 35S‐methionine and with or without 100 μU/ml thyrotropin (TSH) in the basal medium. Labeled Tg was measured by double immunoprecipitation and by fluorography of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We showed that 80–95% of total secreted Tg was recovered in the apical medium. The remainder was secreted through the basolateral membranes in the basal medium. The amount of Tg secreted into the apical compartment was stimulated two‐ to threefold by TSH whereas no TSH effect was observed on secretion in the basal compartment. Moreover, measuring apical and basal volumes, we observed a net water flow from the apical to the basal side. It was stimulated threefold by TSH, increasing the Tg concentration in the apical compartment of the stimulated cell layer. During the culture time, the amount of Tg synthesized and secreted was increased by TSH, as was the Tg mRNA content, as determined by the dot‐blot hybridization method.
Managing Software Debt: Building for Inevitable Change

Shipping imperfect software is like going into debt. When you incur debt, the illusion of doing things faster can lead to exponential growth in the cost of maintaining software. Software debt takes five major forms: technical, quality, configuration management, design, and platform experience. In todays rush to market, software debt is inevitable. And thats okayif youre careful about the debt you incur, and if you quickly pay it back. In Managing Software Debt, leading Agile expert Chris Sterling shows how understanding software debt can help you move products to market faster, with a realistic plan for refactoring them based on experience. Writing for all Agile software professionals, Sterling explains why youre going into software debt whether you know it or notand why the interest on that debt can bring projects to a standstill. Next, he thoroughly explains each form of software debt, showing how to plan for it intelligently and repay it successfully. Youll learn why accepting software debt is not the same as deliberate sloppiness, and youll learn how to use the software debt concept to systematically improve architectural agility. Coverage includes Managing tensions between speed and perfection and recognizing that youll inevitably ship some not quite right codePlanning to minimize interest payments by paying debts quicklyBuilding architectures that respond to change and help enterprises run more smoothlyIncorporating emergent architecture concepts into daily activities, using Agile collaboration and refactoring techniquesDelivering code and other software internals that reduce the friction of future changeUsing early, automated testing to move past the break/fix mentalityScripting and streamlining both deployment and rollbackImplementing team configuration patterns and knowledge sharing approaches that make software debt easier to repayClearing away technical impediments in existing architecturesUsing the YAGNI (you aint gonna need it) approach to strip away unnecessary complexity Using this books techniques, senior software leadership can deliver more business value; managers can organize and support development teams more effectively; and teams and team members can improve their performance throughout the development lifecycle.
The mixed blessing of more modern fishing technology

This paper formulates a simple biomass growth model of a fishery. The property rights regime is of the unregulated local common property type with a fixed number of fishermen and where the fish stock is exploited in a myopic profit-maximizing manner. Within this resource management setting it is demonstrated that more modern fishing technology has a two-sided profitability effect, and where the direct, short-run, positive effect is counterbalanced by a negative, long-run, indirect effect that slows down the stock growth and increases the harvesting costs. In the steady state, it is shown that more modern technology dissipates the rent under already high exploitation pressure, while the opposite occurs if the fish stock is initially little, or moderately, exploited. This is the mixed blessing of modern fishing technology.
A Role for CD81 and Hepatitis C Virus in Hepatoma Mobility

Tetraspanins are a family of small proteins that interact with themselves, host transmembrane and cytosolic proteins to form tetraspanin enriched microdomains (TEMs) that regulate important cellular functions. Several tetraspanin family members are linked to tumorigenesis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing global health burden, in part due to the increasing prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) associated HCC. The tetraspanin CD81 is an essential receptor for HCV, however, its role in hepatoma biology is uncertain. We demonstrate that antibody engagement of CD81 promotes hepatoma spread, which is limited by HCV infection, in an actin-dependent manner and identify an essential role for the C-terminal interaction with Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin (ERM) proteins in this process. We show enhanced hepatoma migration and invasion following expression of CD81 and a reduction in invasive potential upon CD81 silencing. In addition, we reveal poorly differentiated HCC express significantly higher levels of CD81 compared to adjacent non-tumor tissue. In summary, these data support a role for CD81 in regulating hepatoma mobility and propose CD81 as a tumour promoter.
Developing a viable business model for community owned solar farms in the Netherlands

The goal of this paper is twofold: i) to design a viable business model for community owned solar farms that will be setup in the north of the Netherlands. ii) To present the findings from this case study, and to propose generalisations that are relevant for the development of artefacts that can be used to facilitate the design of viable business models in a business ecosystem setting. USE 2015
Visually Perceived Distance Judgments: Tablet-Based Augmented Reality Versus the Real World

ABSTRACT Does visually perceived distance differ when objects are viewed in augmented reality (AR), as opposed to the real world? What are the differences? These questions are theoretically interesting, and the answers are important for the development of many tablet- and phone-based AR applications, including mobile AR navigation systems. This article presents a thorough literature review of distance judgment experimental protocols, and results from several areas of perceptual psychology. In addition to distance judgments of real and virtual objects, this section also discusses previous work in measuring the geometry of virtual picture space and considers how this work might be relevant to tablet AR. Then, the article presents the results of two experiments. In each experiment, observers bisected egocentric distances of 15 and 30 m in tablet-based AR and in the real world, in both indoor corridor and outdoor field environments. In AR, observers bisected the distances to virtual humans, while in the real world, they bisected the distances to real humans. This is the first reported research that directly compares distance judgments of real and virtual objects in a tablet AR system. Four key findings were: (1) In AR, observers expanded midpoint intervals at 15 m, but compressed midpoints at 30 m. (2) Observers were accurate in the real world. (3) The environmental setting—corridor or open field—had no effect. (4) The picture perception literature is important in understanding how distances are likely judged in tablet-based AR. Taken together, these findings suggest the depth distortions that AR application developers should expect with mobile and especially tablet-based AR.
Staging System of Thymoma

Introduction: Thirty years have gone by since the Masaoka staging system of thymoma was proposed in 1981. Although the Masaoka staging system has been accepted by many surgeons and pathologists, some proposals of revision and improvements have been suggested. At this time, I reinvestigated the Masaoka staging system based on the recent follow-up study of the thymomas resected at Nagoya City University. Methods: Using the follow-up results of 211 thymomas in Nagoya, I analyzed the following aspects: (1) evaluation of the Masaoka staging system as a prognostic factor in the Nagoya series and (2) critical assessment of the proposals of revision to the Masaoka staging system. Results: (1) Univariate analysis showed that Masaoka stages were significantly prognostic for overall survival (p < 0.0001). (2) The difference of survivals between stage I and II was not significant, but progression-free survival of stage I was 100% for up to 20 years, whereas one tumor death case in stage II was found. (3) Differences of survival between the cases with and without great vessel invasion in stage III were not significant. (4) Prognosis of N+ tumors was yet better defined. Conclusion: (1) The Masaoka staging system remains a valuable prognostic factor. (2) Combination of stage I with II and separation of stage III into subgroups are not recommended. (3) At the moment, it is better to include N+ tumors in stage IVb.
Selective inhibition of Aβ42 production by NSAID R‐enantiomers

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with reduced risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and selected NSAIDs racemates suppress β‐amyloid (Aβ) accumulation in vivo and Aβ42 production in vitro. Clinical use of NSAIDs for preventing or treating AD has been hampered by dose‐limiting toxicity believed to be due to cyclooxygenase (COX)‐inhibition that is reportedly not essential for selective Aβ42 reduction. Profens have racemates and R‐enantiomers were supposed to be inactive forms. Here we demonstrate that R‐ibuprofen and R‐flurbiprofen, with poor COX‐inhibiting activity, reduce Aβ42 production by human cells. Although these R‐enantiomers inhibit nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) activation and NF‐κB can selectively regulate Aβ42, Aβ42 reduction is not mediated by inhibition of NF‐κB activation. Because of its efficacy at lowering Aβ42 production and low toxicity profile, R‐flurbiprofen is a strong candidate for clinical development.
Marked decline in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) based on wastewater analysis.

OBJECTIVE Recent reports in Europe suggest a decline in 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; Ecstasy) use, but quantifiable and objective measurement is unavailable. The global extent of changes in MDMA and related stimulant use is also unclear. This study aims to quantify changes in MDMA use in Australia and determine whether these changes have been accompanied by differing amounts of other stimulant use. METHOD We acquired information on recent use of MDMA and related illicit stimulants in Australia using the method of wastewater analysis. Untreated wastewater samples collected from three metropolitan treatment plants in Adelaide from May to July 2009 and the same months in 2010 were analyzed. Concentrations of MDMA, methamphetamine, and benzoylecgonine (a metabolite of cocaine) were determined using solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. Weekly consumed doses of MDMA, methamphetamine, and cocaine per 1,000 people were estimated. RESULTS From 2009 to 2010, weekly consumption of MDMA decreased from mean of 4.52 (SEM = 0.74) doses/week per 1,000 people to 0.08 (0.01) doses/week per 1,000 people (p < .001); weekly consumption of methamphetamine increased from a mean of 48.35 (6.13) doses/week per 1,000 people to 68.13 (5.33) doses/week per 1,000 people (p < .05); and weekly consumed doses of cocaine did not significantly change. Local roadside saliva testing data also showed that the MDMA-positive test rate decreased from 0.30% to 0.05% and the methamphetamine-positive test rate increased from 1.43% to 1.52% during the past 2 years. CONCLUSIONS This study shows a 50-fold decrease in consumed doses of MDMA with a rise in methamphetamine use in Australia over a 1-year period.
A role for ephrin-A5 in axonal sprouting, recovery, and activity-dependent plasticity after stroke

Stroke causes loss of neurological function. Recovery after stroke is facilitated by forced use of the affected limb and is associated with sprouting of new connections, a process that is sharply confined in the adult brain. We show that ephrin-A5 is induced in reactive astrocytes in periinfarct cortex and is an inhibitor of axonal sprouting and motor recovery in stroke. Blockade of ephrin-A5 signaling using a unique tissue delivery system induces the formation of a new pattern of axonal projections in motor, premotor, and prefrontal circuits and mediates recovery after stroke in the mouse through these new projections. Combined blockade of ephrin-A5 and forced use of the affected limb promote new and surprisingly widespread axonal projections within the entire cortical hemisphere ipsilateral to the stroke. These data indicate that stroke activates a newly described membrane-bound astrocyte growth inhibitor to limit neuroplasticity, activity-dependent axonal sprouting, and recovery in the adult.
Modified FPGA based design and implementation of reconfigurable FFT architecture

Fast Fourier Transforms, popularly known as FFTs, have become an integral part of any digital communication system and a wide variety of approaches have been tried in order to optimize the algorithm for a variety of parameters, primarily Area, Memory and Speed. The aim is to build a Reconfigurable Fast Fourier Transform Block which is suitable for any signal processing application, especially for communication blocks such as OFDM receivers. The objective is to design an FFT block that is capable of computing any N-point FFT and employs R2SDF (Radix 2 Single Delay Feedback) architecture with a single ROM. The design has been developed using the hardware description language VHDL on Xilinx xc5vlx110t. The result shows significant reduction in area for this architecture.
Connectivity Restorability of Mobile Ad Hoc Sensor Network Based on K-Hop Neighbor Information

Restoring connectivity subjected to the failure of mobile node(s) is an important research challenge in mobile ad hoc networks. To achieve this objective, a Connectivity Restoration Strategy (CRS) is developed, aiming at restoring the connectivity of mobile network whenever it is partitioned from multiple simultaneous node failures. The proposed strategy is fully distributed and requires only local information of k-hop neighbors. Furthermore, with respect to the fact that connectivity may not be restorable without accessing network-wide information of neighbor status, an extensive investigation of connectivity restorability is conducted through computer simulations.
Informative quality of net profit and comprehensive income

One of the changes introduced with IFRS adoption in Brazil was the obligatoriness of publication of statement of comprehensive income, which portrays, future potencial revenues and expenses for the company. With this change, the role of accounting as provider of accounting information needs to be revaluated. Starting from this presupposition, and based on Kabir and Laswad (2011) study, the quality of comprehensive income information in relation to the net profit was evaluated. Based on data from 67 companies belonging to Ibovespa, for the period of 2009 to 2012, and through multiple regression
Estimating the Value of Absolute Power: Evidence from Judiciary Decision Event on Controlling Shareholders in Large Business Group

This paper estimates the impact of judicial decision, mainly the prosecution and final court sentencing for controlling shareholders’ corporate crime, embezzlement, breach of fiduciary duty etc., on the market value of a firm. A controlling shareholder in Korea Large Business Group, Cahebol, being indicted in custody or being imprisoned at the final court could provide an experimental setting for the absence of the real boss. First, the judicial decision is generally without any significant group-wide impact on the value. Second, when the boss is being absent at the pre-trial stage, the portion of affiliated firms receiving positive, 46% and negative impact, 54% is almost even. Moreover, even though the controlling shareholder is being imprisoned at the final court 38% of affiliated firms have a positive CAR. Finally, the effect of court decision on affiliated firms within the same business group is asymmetric. It has a positive effect on the affiliate at which a controlling shareholder holds large portions of shares. However, it has a negative impact on the affiliate to grow. The real boss is being more valued at the firm with growing environments. The judiciary decision could make value transfers between affiliates within the same business group.
Surgical Atlas  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: the Mannheim technique

Proper establishment of the percutaneous tract is the most important step in percutaneous stone removal. If appropriately done the efficacy is optimal, with low complication rates. Depending on the availability of fluoroscopic facilities, in different countries the tract is established either by radiologists or urologists; this is still under debate in reports in the American literature [1–5]. Recently, Watterson et al. [5] compared renal access acquired by urologist vs radiologist and showed a higher stone-free rate and fewer complications by the former. This confirms our data indicating that the urologist should obtain renal access to achieve the optimum renal access for later stone removal [6].
Simple closed-form asymptotic symbol error rate of selection combining and its power loss compared to the maximal ratio combining over Nakagami m fading channels

This paper derives closed-form asymptotic symbol error rates (ASERs) for MPSK and MQAM signals with selection combining (SC) over Nakagami-m fading channels. It also presents a closed-form expression for the power loss of SC compared to maximal ratio combining (MRC) over a Nakagami- m fading channel. It is found that this power gap is a function of only the number (L) of independent Nakagami-m channels and the fading parameter m. For a fixed m, the gap monotonically increases with L. For a fixed L, the gap monotonically increases with m and approaches 10 log10 L dB (the asymptotic gap between MRC and SC in an AWGN channel) as m ¿ ¿. In addition, numerical results show the accuracy of the ASERs obtained from closed-form expressions for both MRC and SC with MPSK and MQAM signals for large SNRs. They also show that the SNR gap is identical to that predicted by the analysis for arbitrary L and m.
Proximate and Antinutrient Compositions of Parkia biglobosa Fruits in Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, Nigeria

A B S T R A C T Proximate and antinutrient compositions of Parkia biglobosa fruit in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria were investigated using standard analytical method of Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The result of the proximate composition of Parkia biglobosa fruit revealed the contents of protein (0.62%), ash (3.75%), moisture (10.40%), crude fibre (2.55%), fat and oil (25.62%) and carbohydrate (57.06%) in the sample while the result of the anti-nutrients showed the contents of tannins (28.34%), alkaloids (9.70%), oxalate (4.00%), phytate (0.05 %), cyanogenic glycosides (0.08 %), trypsin inhibitor (0.4 1%) and haemagglutinin (0.12%), in the sample. This indicated that the fruits of Parkia biglobosa can contribute to human nutrient requirement and could be used as a good source of energy because of its high oil and carbohydrates contents.
Effects of Adaptive Behaviors and Shared Mental Models on Control Crew Performance

Control crews are highly trained teams responsible for monitoring complex systems, performing routine procedures, and quickly responding to nonroutine situations. Previous literature suggests that higher-performing control crews engage in adaptive behavior during high-workload or crisis situations. Other work suggests that higher-performing crews use periods of lower workloads to prepare for future problems. To understand which behaviors performed during which situations better differentiate lower- from higher-performing crews, we conducted a study of 14 nuclear power plant control room crews and examined adaptive behaviors and shared mental model development in the crews as they faced monitoring, routine, and nonroutine situations. Our results suggest that few differences in adaptive behaviors exist between higher- and lower-performing crews during monitoring or routine situations, but that information collection and shared mental model development activities, and intracrew processes used during model development, differ significantly between lower- and higher-performing control crews during nonroutine situations.