Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HER-2/Neu Status in Gastric Carcinomas in a Series of Egyptian Patients and Its Relation to Ki-67 Expression

Objective: HER-2/neu status in gastric carcinomas (GCs) has not been studied before in the Egyptian population. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three GCs were evaluated for the expression of HER-2/neu and Ki-67 using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) was done for HER2/neu IHC score 2+ cases. Results: Out of the 73 gastric carcinomas, 23 (31.5%) were score 0, 17 (23.3%) were score 1+, 23 (31.5%) were score 2+, and 10 (13.7%) were score 3+. FISH analysis revealed that the HER-2/neu gene was amplified in 11 out of the 23 cases (47.8%) scored 2+ by IHC. Therefore, the overall HER-2/neu positivity rate was 28.8% and it was significantly associated with higher T-stage and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). The Ki-67 expression rate ranged between 10% and 100%, with 84.9% of the cases (n = 62) featuring high Ki-67 scores. High Ki-67 score was significantly associated with male sex, tumor grade, and number of positive nodes. HER-2/neu protein expression correlated significantly with Ki-67 score. Twenty tumors showed combined HER-2/neu positivity and high Ki-67 score and were significantly associated with higher T-stage and occurrence of LVI, implying a more aggressive behavior. Conclusions: The rate of HER-2/neu positive GCs in our series simulates universal rates, thereby mandating routine evaluation of HER-2/neu status in all GCs submitted to our laboratory to benefit from trastuzumab therapy. Further studies on a larger number of GCs are required to prove that the concurrent HER-2/neu positivity and high Ki-67 score are markers of worse prognosis.
A closer look at the relationship between affective commitment to supervisors and organizations and turnover

We examined the relationships of affective organizational commitment and affective commitment to supervisors with turnover intentions and actual turnover, using three independent samples of employees. In Sample I (N = I72) and Sample 2 (N = I86), affective organizational commitment and affective commitment to supervisors were found to exert independent negative effects on turnover intentions. Moreover, in both samples, affective commitment to supervisors was more strongly related to turnover intentions when affective organizational commitment was low. In Sample 3 (N = 431), affective commitment to supervisors was the single significant predictor of actual turnover and interacted with affective organizational commitment such that its effect was stronger when affective organizational commitment was low. The implications of these findings for the understanding of the commitment―turnover relationship are discussed.
TENEX, a paged time sharing system for the PDP - 10

TENEX is a new time sharing system implemented on a DEC PDP-10 augmented by special paging hardware developed at BBN. This report specifies a set of goals which are important for any time sharing system. It describes how the TENEX design and implementation achieve these goals. These include specifications for a powerful multiprocess large memory virtual machine, intimate terminal interaction, comprehensive uniform file and I/O capabilities, and clean flexible system structure. Although the implementation described here required some compromise to achieve a system operational within six months of hardware checkout, TENEX has met its major goals and provided reliable service at several sites and through the ARPA network.
Effect of two different induced molting programs on serum, egg yolk IgY concentrations and immune parameters in laying hens.

Recent studies have indicated that egg yolk immunoglobulins (Ig) can be used for therapeutic purposes and that yolk Ig levels are increased after molting of laying hens. The present study was performed to compare between the effects of two methods of induced molting namely alfalfa and zinc methods on serum and yolk IgY concentrations as well as their effects on the egg quality and immune status of the molted hens. Three experimental treatments each of 20 Lohman laying hens 80 wks old were fed either control layer ration, 90% alfalfa in 10% layer ration or layer ration containing zinc oxide (20.000 ppm) for 9 days. For the alfalfa and zinc group, photoperiod was reduced to 8h/d. Water was provided ad libitum for all groups. At day 10 , hens were returned to basic laying ration and 16 h light/d. Feed intake , birds weight and egg production were monitored during the molting period after which 8 birds from each group were slaughtered and ovaries ,oviducts and spleens were excised and weighed. Egg parameters (weight, length, yolk diameter and yolk height) were recorded till resumption to 50% egg production. Serum and egg yolk IgY were measured using ELISA technique and white blood cell count was performed. Results showed that hens in the zinc treatment ceased egg production by 8.4 days, remained out of production until 21.8 days and returned to 50% production after 46.3 days while the values for the alfalfa group were 14.9, 24 and 49.4 days respectively. Egg weight, yolk diameter and yolk height values were increased in alfalfa group. Molting by either method resulted in significant loss in body weight, feed intake and weight of ovaries and oviducts . Spleen weight was slightly increased in the two molted groups. Values of serum IgY recorded 35 days post molting induction were 3.42 and 3.3 mg / ml serum in alfalfa and zinc groups respectively as
A Touch-based Collaboration over the Network

We present a collaboration system incorporating haptic interface which allows us to share the virtual environment and haptic interactions with people at different locations. Haptic interface provides physical sensation and an intuitive and effective tool in collaboration along with visual and auditory information. In our system, each user performs painting and sculpting operations directly on the 3D model via a haptic device and simultaneously sends haptic interactions to the remote user to maintain the same environment. Network model of our system is peer-topeer without central server. We introduce shared information and simple strategies to keep data consistency among participants.
Multilevel analysis of organizational goal congruence

Hierarchical linear modeling was applied to data from 298 school principals and 11,633 teachers to examine the relationships between variables at two levels of analysis. Vancouver and Schmitt (1991) found relationships between individuals' attitudes and their organizational goal congruence. Organizational goal congruence is the agreement between an individual and members of key constituencies within the individual's organization, namely peers and the supervisor. Using a subset of Vancouver and Schmitt's data, we examined the associations of constituency-level organizational goal congruence with individual attitudes and with the strength of the relationship between individual-level organizational goal congruence and attitude
The role of the L1 grammar in the L2 acquisition of segmental structure

Acquisition of segmental structure in first language acquisition is accomplished through the interaction of Universal Grammar and the learner's detection of phonemic contrasts in the input (Rice and Avery, 1995; Brown and Matthews, 1993,1997). This article investigates the acquisition of the English /l–r/,/b–v/ and /f–v/ contrasts by second language learners whose L1s do not contrast these segments. Based on L1 phonological acquisition and infant speech perception research,a model of phonological interference is developed which explains how the influence of the L1 phonology originates and identifies the level of phonological knowledge that impinges upon L2 acquisition. It is proposed that if a learner's L1 grammar lacks the phonological feature that differentiates a particular non-native contrast, he or she will be unable to perceive the contrast and therefore unable to acquire the novel segmental representations. In order to evaluate this hypothesis, two experimental studies were conducted. Experiment 1 investigates the acquisition of /l/ and /r/ by Chinese and Japanese speakers; the acquisition of the /l–r/, /b–v/ and /f–v/ contrasts by Japanese speakers is compared in experiment 2. The results from an AX discrimination task and a picture selection task indicate that successful acquisition of a non-native contrast is constrained by the learner's L1 grammar. Differences between Chinese and Japanese speakers (experiment 1) and differences in the acquisition of several different contrasts among Japanese speakers (experiment 2) are argued to reflect subtle phonological properties of the learners' respective L1s. These findings demonstrate that a speaker's L1 grammar may actually impede the operation of UG, preventing the L2 learner from acquiring a non-native phonemic contrast.
Cloud-assisted distributed private data sharing

Data privacy is an important issue to address when multiple data owners are required to integrate and share sensitive information for data analysis. In this article, we study the privacy threats caused by distributed data sharing and present the first cloud-based data sharing framework to integrate horizontally partitioned data from multiple data owners. The cloud performs the anonymization in a top-down fashion. It proceeds from the most generalized values of attributes (serve as the root of the tree) and specializes them (i.e., generate less generalized values as siblings of the parent node) in every iteration. A candidate value is selected for specialization in each iteration based on its score. The score of each candidate is calculated securely using multiple cryptographic protocols to ensure security. Finally, the cloud adds noise to the integrated data and releases them in a differentially private manner. Experimental results on real-life data set demonstrate that the proposed algorithm retains data utility for supporting classification analysis and provide similar classification accuracy compared to that of the centralized data dissemination mechanism.
An entity-centric approach to green information systems

The integration of sustainable thinking and performance within day-to-day business activities has become an important business need. Sustainable business requires information on the use, flows and destinies of energy, water, and materials including waste, along with monetary information on environment-related costs, earnings, and savings. Creating this holistic view of economic, social and environmental information is not a straightforward mission from an IT perspective, and implies tackling several challenges such as information granularity and overload, the different projections of the same factual information, and the heterogeneity of information systems. In this paper, we propose an entity-centric approach to Green Information Systems to assist organisations in forming a cohesive representation of the environmental impact of their business operations at both microand macrolevels. Initial results from a Small Medium-size Enterprise case study are discussed along with future research directions.
Comparing temperature effects on Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Enterococcus survival in surface waters

The objective of this study was to compare dependency of survival rates on temperature for indicator organisms Escherichia coli and Enterococcus and the pathogen Salmonella in surface waters. A database of 86 survival datasets from peer‐reviewed papers on inactivation of E. coli, Salmonella and Enterococcus in marine waters and of E. coli and Salmonella in lake waters was assembled. The Q10 model was used to express temperature effect on survival rates obtained from linear sections of semi‐logarithmic survival graphs. Available data were insufficient to establish differences in survival rates and temperature dependencies for marine waters where values of Q10 = 3 and a survival rate of 0·7 day−1 could be applied. The Q10 values in lake waters were substantially lower in marine waters, and Salmonella inactivation in lake water was, on average, twice as fast as E. coli; data on E. coli substantially outnumber data on Enterococcus and Salmonella. The relative increase in inactivation with increase in temperature is higher in marine waters than lake water, and differences in inactivation between Salmonella and E. coli at a given temperature were significant in lake water but not in marine waters.
Robust Global Feature Based Data Association With a Sparse Bit Optimized Maximum Clique Algorithm

This paper presents a robust solution to the mobile robotics data association problem based on solving the maximum clique problem (MCP) in a typically sparse correspondence graph, which contains compatibility information between pairs of observations and landmarks. Bit sparse optimizations are designed and implemented in a new algorithm BBMCS, which reduces computation and memory requirements of a leading general purpose maximum clique solver, to make it possibly the best exact sparse MCP algorithm currently found in the literature. BBMCS is reported to achieve very good results in terms of robustness with few assumptions on noise and visibility, while managing very reasonable computation time and memory usage even for complex large data association problems.
Finite-State Analysis of SSL 3.0

The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol is analyzed using a finite-state enumeration tool called Murϕ. The analysis is presented using a sequence of incremental approximations to the SSL 3.0 handshake protocol. Each simplified protocol is "model-checked" using Murϕ, with the next protocol in the sequence obtained by correcting errors that Murϕ finds automatically. This process identifies the main shortcomings in SSL 2.0 that led to the design of SSL 3.0, as well as a few anomalies in the protocol that is used to resume a session in SSL 3.0. In addition to some insight into SSL, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using formal methods to analyze commercial protocols.
A novel game playing based approach to the modeling and support of consensus reaching in a group of agents

The paper concerns the problem of reaching consensus among agents in group decision making. A popular framework of individual preferences expressed as (fuzzy) preference relations is adopted. The consensus reaching process is assumed to be based on a discussion in the group of agents, which is expected to make the initially expressed preferences closer one to another. We present a novel approach to the modeling of the consensus reaching process as a game, in the sense of game playing. We use the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) algorithm with the Upper Confidence Bounds Applied for Trees selection formula, which is a state of the art solution algorithm in that area. The consensus reaching process is modeled as a sequence of actions, referred to as moves, of the individual agents involved. A model of the assessment of a configuration of the individual preference relations is proposed. A decision support system that implements the approach proposed is developed, which provides the agents with an easy to read evaluation of the expected outcome of each move. The approach constitutes a new paradigm in the modeling of a consensus reaching process, and then its support.
Contextual Priming Effects in Print Advertisements: The Moderating Role of Prior Knowledge

Abstract This study examines the moderating effect of prior knowledge on the degree to which contextual priming influences evaluations of an ambiguous product (i.e., a product that can be evaluated in various ways) in the ad. Before subjects saw an ad containing ambiguous product information, one of the two product attributes pertinent to product evaluations had been brought to mind through contextual priming. Contextual priming had pronounced effects on brand evaluations among moderate-knowledge subjects, but the effects on low- and high-knowledge subjects diminished sharply. By showing that ad context can inhibit or facilitate the effects of a particular ad on brand evaluations and that the effects vary as a function of consumer knowledge, the study provides insights into the situations when contextual effects may be strong.
Confidence-based reliability and statistical coverage estimation

In confidence-based reliability measurement, we determine that we are at least C confident that the probability of a program failing is less than or equal to a bound B. The basic results of this approach are reviewed and several additional results are introduced, including the adaptive sampling theorem which shows how confidence can be computed when faults are corrected as they appear in the testing process. Another result shows how to carry out testing in parallel. Some of the problems of statistical testing are discussed and an alternative method for establishing reliability called statistical coverage is introduced. At the cost of making reliability estimates that are relative to a fault model, statistical coverage eliminates the need for output validation during reliability estimation and allows the incorporation of non-statistical testing results into the statistical reliability estimation process. Statistical testing and statistical coverage are compared, and their relationship with traditional reliability growth modeling approaches is briefly discussed.
Binding of electrons to the surface of liquid helium.

A Hartree-type of effective potential is derived for an excess electron near the helium liquid-vapor interface. The surface-state eigenvalaue spectrum is thus calculated. Results obtained for both [sup 4]He (with an experimental interface profile) and [sup 3]He (with a theoretical profile) are in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
Tuning of RLS-active vibration controller using genetic algorithm

This paper presents a recursive least-squares (RLS)-model based active vibration control (AVC) system with genetic algorithm (GA) self tuning. Tuning parameters include initial regression vectors, gain of RLS-model and gain of controller. The system employs a single-input single-output (SISO) control configuration, and is realised within the Matlab/Simulink environment. In the paper, the parameters of RLS-AVC system are tuned so as to achieve effective vibration suppression. The approach is tested with pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) disturbance signal acting on a plate to access the effectiveness of the approach in reducing the vibration of the plate.
A GATA/homeodomain transcriptional code regulates axon guidance through the Unc-5 receptor

Transcription factor codes play an essential role in neuronal specification and axonal guidance in both vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. However, how transcription codes regulate axon pathfinding remains poorly understood. One such code defined by the homeodomain transcription factor Even-skipped (Eve) and by the GATA 2/3 homologue Grain (Grn) is specifically required for motor axon projection towards dorsal muscles in Drosophila. Using different mutant combinations, we present genetic evidence that both Grn and Eve are in the same pathway as Unc-5 in dorsal motoneurons (dMNs). In grn mutants, in which dMNs fail to reach their muscle targets, dMNs show significantly reduced levels of unc-5 mRNA expression and this phenotype can be partially rescued by the reintroduction of unc-5. We also show that both eve and grn are required independently to induce expression of unc-5 in dMNs. Reconstitution of the eve-grn transcriptional code of a dMN in dMP2 neurons, which do not project to lateral muscles in Drosophila, is able to reprogramme those cells accordingly; they robustly express unc-5 and project towards the muscle field as dMNs. Each transcription factor can independently induce unc-5 expression but unc-5 expression is more robust when both factors are expressed together. Furthermore, dMP2 exit is dependent on the level of unc-5 induced by eve and grn. Taken together, our data strongly suggests that the eve-grn transcriptional code controls axon guidance, in part, by regulating the level of unc-5 expression.
PAS Domains

PAS (PER-ARNT-SIM) domains are a family of sensor protein domains involved in signal transduction in a wide range of organisms. Recent structural studies have revealed that these domains contain a structurally conserved α/β-fold, whereas almost no conservation is observed at the amino acid sequence level. The photoactive yellow protein, a bacterial light sensor, has been proposed as the PAS structural prototype yet contains an N-terminal helix-turn-helix motif not found in other PAS domains. Here we describe the atomic resolution structure of a photoactive yellow protein deletion mutant lacking this motif, revealing that the PAS domain is indeed able to fold independently and is not affected by the removal of these residues. Computer simulations of currently known PAS domain structures reveal that these domains are not only structurally conserved but are also similar in their conformational flexibilities. The observed motions point to a possible common mechanism for communicating ligand binding/activation to downstream transducer proteins.
Revising Race: How Biracial Students are Changing and Challenging Student Services

This research investigates the relationship between biracial college students and race-oriented student services (e.g., Office of Black Student Services). These services are organized around conventional understandings of race that assume there are five, discrete racial categories, namely, Black/African American, Latino/a, White, Asian American, and Native American. Drawing on interviews (n = 60) with students and administrators at two universities, this article examines the problems that arise when students' racial identities are incongruent with universities' views of race. This study can assist practitioners in the development of services on campuses that are characterized by increasingly fluid racial terrains in the post–Civil Rights era.
Oxytocin Receptor (OXTR) Polymorphisms and Attachment in Human Infants

Ordinary variations in human infants’ attachment behaviors – their proclivity to seek and accept comfort from caregivers – are associated with a wide range of individual differences in psychological functioning in adults. The current investigation examined variation in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene as one possible source of these variations in infant attachment. One hundred seventy-six infants (77 Caucasian, 99 non-Caucasian) were classified as securely or insecurely attached based on their behavior in the Strange Situation (Ainsworth et al., 1978). The A allele of OXTR rs2254298 was associated with attachment security in the non-Caucasian infants (p < 0.005). These findings underscore the importance of oxytocin in the development of human social behavior and support its role in social stress-regulation and the development of trust.