Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lensfree super-resolution holographic microscopy using wetting films on a chip

We investigate the use of wetting films to significantly improve the imaging performance of lensfree pixel super-resolution on-chip microscopy, achieving < 1 µm spatial resolution over a large imaging area of ~24 mm2. Formation of an ultra-thin wetting film over the specimen effectively creates a micro-lens effect over each object, which significantly improves the signal-to-noise-ratio and therefore the resolution of our lensfree images. We validate the performance of this approach through lensfree on-chip imaging of various objects having fine morphological features (with dimensions of e.g., ≤0.5 µm) such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), human sperm, Giardia lamblia trophozoites, polystyrene micro beads as well as red blood cells. These results are especially important for the development of highly sensitive field-portable microscopic analysis tools for resource limited settings.
Geometrical Attack Robust Spatial Digital Watermarking Based on Improved SIFT

Presents an effective against geometric attack robustness of digital watermarking algorithm based on improved SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform). The proposal achieves watermark synchronization using improved Scale-Invariant Feature Transform; Some suitable feature points are selected to form circular patches of the carrier image. The circular patches are divided into sectors, and watermark is embedded into the sectors using spatial odds and even quantification. Watermark is extracted from an odd-even detector before detecting the rotated angle and the scale. Simulation results show that improved SIFT can reduce the matching dimension of feature point, improve the matching rate. And the proposed scheme achieves good image quality and it is able to resume a greater degree of geometric distortion.
Freelance Photojournalists and Photo Editors

Since 2005, journalism has experienced a series of seismic changes due to economic factors, technological changes, and shifting priorities and news values. Photojournalism has been particularly affected by technology and business model changes, leading more outlets to rely on often geographically remote freelancers at the expense of dedicated photo staffs. These remote working environments and the mediated communication they necessitate have profound impacts for photojournalists’ development, roles, and responsibilities. Through in-depth interviews with photo editors and freelancers at top media outlets in the United States and guided by professional socialization, mentoring, and learning theories, this study explores what happens when the photojournalist–editor relationship is strained, mediated, or severed. It also seeks to examine what impact mediated interactions have on photographers’ learning and the quality of the media they produce. The findings reveal that the post-digital freelance model is more linear than the hierarchical staffer model and has a positive influence on workforce diversity, albeit at the expense of freelancers’ professional development and their opportunities to receive feedback from editors. Video abstract Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo
Electron Microscopic Studies of Intracisternal Virus Particles in Soehner-Dmochowski Murine Sarcoma Virus-induced Bone Tumors of New Zealand Black Rats 1

Soehner-Dmochowski murine sarcoma virus (Moloney)induced bone tumors of New Zealand Black rats carry two morphologically different types of virus particles, namely, extracellular type C and intracisternal virus particles, which have thus far not been reported. These two types of virus particles have also been observed in the tissue culture cells derived from normal prostate tissues of A/ Dm and BALB/c/Dm mice after inoculation of cell-free extracts of these bone tumors. The intracisternal virus particles, 90 to 120 nm in diameter, have always been found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum; they have two inner concentric layers with a relatively electron-lucent center, frequently showing cylindrical, chain-like, or multipolar budding forms. Type C virus particles produced by Soehner-Dmochowski murine sarcoma virus (Moloney)infected prostate tissue culture cells from A/Dm and BALB/c/Dm mice belong to the murine sarcoma-murine leukemia virus group, as revealed by the fixed immunofluorescence test and by immunoelectron microscopy. The morphological and immunological relationship of intracis ternal virus particles and other types of virus particles (such as type C, type H, and intracisternal type A virus particles) and intracisternal virus particles in guinea pig leukemia are defined by routine electron microscopy ob servations and by immunoelectron microscopy studies.
Human Resource Scheduling and Routing Problems in Home Health Care Context: A Literature Review

Home Health Care (HHC) service is an alternative to the conventional hospitalization. The goal is to deliver medical, paramedical and social services to patients at their homes, which help them to improve and keep their best clinical, psychological and social conditions. As a large number of resources (i.e., material and human) contribute to delivering the HHC service, there are many issues that should be considered. Among these, the resource scheduling and/or routing problems (i.e., deciding in which sequence each operator will visit patients assigned to him/her) are the most important issues to be addressed while planning HHC resources. In this paper, we review studies in the literature that address the scheduling and/or routing problems as a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) or Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) in the HHC context. We analyze each study according to four main categories: i) general characteristics, ii) modeling characteristics, iii) network characteristics, and iv) data characteristics. The objective of this review is to highlight the unexplored issues in researches dealing with the resource scheduling and/or routing problems, formulated as either TSP or VRP in the HHC context.
Bringing Sport Psychology into Physiotherapy

Whilst the benefits of sport psychology intervention during injury rehabilitation are well documented it appears that it remains underutilised by physiotherapists (Alexanders, Anderson and Henderson, 2015, Physiotherapy , 101 , 95-102). A lack of education in this field for physiotherapists has been suggested as a causative factor. Preliminary studies undertaken on North American populations have shown support for sport psychology education interventions but no studies have examined physiotherapists and none have been UK based. The purpose of this study was therefore to measure the impact of an online sport psychology education module on the sport psychology related attitudes and behaviours of physiotherapists in the UK. Following ethical approval, ninety-five sport physiotherapists studied either an online sport psychology module ( n =44, 23 males, 21 females, mean age: 33.7 + 8.2) or a control module ( n =51, 26 males, 25 females, mean age: 36.1 + 8.8), and their attitudes and behaviours towards sport psychology were measured prior to studying the module and at three points over a six-month period following its completion. This data was collected using a questionnaire package that included the Attitudes About Imagery Survey (Hamson-Utley, Martin and Walters, 2008, Journal of Athletic Training , 43 , 258-264) and the Psychology of Injury Usage Survey (Stiller-Ostrowski, Gould and Covassin, 2009, Journal of Athletic Training , 44 , 482-489). It was found that those who had studied the sport psychology module demonstrated an improvement in their attitudes towards sport psychology immediately following its completion that was significantly higher than those who had studied the control module ( F (1,93) = 4.44, P = 0.038). Use of sport psychology also increased following the sport psychology module, with significant differences seen between the intervention and control group on the sport psychology subscale ( F (1,93) = 6.83, P = 0.010), indicating that those who had studied the sport psychology module were integrating more sport psychology techniques such as imagery, relaxation and self-talk into their practice than those who had studied the control module. The sport psychology module was well received by the physiotherapists with most rating it as highly beneficial and indicating that they had been motivated to undertake further study on the topic. Qualitative data revealed that the physiotherapists particularly liked the practical application of the module. It was concluded that the online sport psychology module was effective in improving the attitudes and behaviours of UK physiotherapists and that more sport psychology education opportunities should be made available.
Digital watermarking and information hiding using wavelets, SLSB and Visual Cryptography method

Watermarking technique is increasingly used in the protection of biometric data against accidental and intentional attacks. Biometric watermarking is a technique that creates a link between a human subject and the digital media by embedding biometric information into the digital object. Among the various biometrics, iris has gained more popularity in the authentication area. The reason behind their popularity is that they unique and hence can be used during personal identification. Another area is information hiding where secret messages are stored inside a message. In this paper, a novel hybrid method to hide an iris image and secret message into a cover image using Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT), SLSB (Selected Least Significant Bit) and Visual Cryptography (VC) is proposed. Results show that the recognition rate after dewatermarking is high and the proposed system can resist various attacks while maintaining the visual quality of the cover image and text message.
Observer Based Detection of Sensor Faults in Wind Turbines

An observer based scheme is proposed to detect sensor faults in wind turbines. In the example used for the proposed scheme the wind turbine drive train is considered. A model of the drive train is used to design the observer, and in this model the wind speed is an important input, however, if an unknown input observer the fault detection scheme can be non dependent on the actual wind speed. The scheme is validated on data from a more advanced and detailed simulation model. The proposed scheme detects the sensor faults a few samples after the beginning of the faults.
ZHT + : A Graph Database On ZHT

Although the traditional relational database has been used and dominated for many year, the limitation of it has appeared with the huge number of connected data which is generated by today’s Internet, Web2.0 and social networks. The query operation will be tremendously slow to query by the traditional relational database. The state-of-the-art graph database is usually Master/Slave architecture thus these systems cannot achieve high scalability and they will become harder and harder to handle the huge number of connected data. In this paper we have design and implement a graph database using ZHT as a block. This graph database is also following the principle of Bulk Synchronous Parallel(BSP) model. We have overcome several problems of using ZHT as basic component in BSP model. We will give the information of our design and implementation in the following part. At last we will also give a comprehensive performance evaluation. Keywords—ZHT; Graph Database; Graph Processing System;
Robust brain activation detection in functional MRI

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is today one of the most important non-invasive tools to study the brain from a functional point of view. The blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal is used to detect the activated regions based on the assumption that in these regions the metabolic activity increases. The normal procedure is the application of known sequences of stimulus and find out the brain regions whose activation sequence is correlated with the applied stimulus. This inference problem is difficult because the BOLD signal is very week and noisy. The underlying information is embedded in a large number of other signal related with the normal brain activity and in the noise introduced by the MRI scanner. Furthermore, the hemodynamic impulse response function (HRF), needed to know the expected BOLD response to a given stimulus, is usually unknown and is not constant across the whole brain. In this paper a robust Bayesian algorithm is proposed to detect regions where the activation patterns are correlated with the applied stimulus. The activation process is modeled by using binary explicative variables and the HRF is estimated at each location according to a physiological model proposed by the authors in [1]. Monte Carlo tests using synthetic data are performed to evaluate the performance of the algorithm and results with real data are compared with the ones obtained by a neurologist with the commercial package BrainVoyager.
MANAGING LOGGERHEAD SHRIKE HABITAT USING REMOTE SENSING PRODUCTS

The prairie population of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides) is dependent upon two characteristics of a grassland landscape that require specific management to maintain: shrubs taller than 1.8 m tall for nesting and tall grass for foraging. The purpose of this study is to measure the landscape variables that are important to loggerhead shrike persistence at landscape spatial scales to help understand the impact of management decisions and seek alternative solutions if required. Results indicated that shrikes prefer to nest in scattered shrubs, particularly thick or thorny species. Reflectance based vegetation indices differed in their performance dependent upon the vegetation variables used. L-ATSAVI and ATSAVI are the best LAI estimators, while MSAVI2 is good to estimate the shrub cover. A logistic regression model, using loggerhead shrikes active or inactive nesting as the dependent variable and biophysical, topographical, and remotely sensed data extracted from both ground and space, as the predictors was developed. The predictive performance of the selected models was shown to be high, indicating a good fit of the model to the data. Further analysis showed that all the variables considered (Dead cover in tall shrub habitat and ATSAVI) had significant, independent contributions towards explaining the variation in the dependent variable. The selected model clearly delineated areas predicted as highly suitable loggerhead shrikes habitat.
Quantum energy teleportation with trapped ions

We analyze a protocol of quantum energy teleportation that transports energy from the left edge of a linear ion crystal to the right edge by local operations and classical communication at a speed considerably greater than the speed of a phonon in the crystal. A probe qubit is strongly coupled with phonon fluctuation in the ground state for a short time and it is projectively measured in order to obtain information about this phonon fluctuation. During the measurement process, phonons are excited by the time-dependent measurement interaction and the energy of the excited phonons must be infused from outside the system. The obtained information is transferred to the right edge of the crystal through a classical channel. Even though the phonons excited at the left edge do not arrive at the right edge at the same time as when the information arrives at the right edge, we are able to soon extract energy from the ions at the right edge by using the transferred information. Because the intermediate ions of the crystal are not excited during the execution of the protocol, energy is transmitted in the energy-transfer channel without heat generation.
Order to Disorder Transitions in Hybrid Intelligent Systems: a Hatch to the Interactions of Nations -Governments

In this study, under general frame of MAny Connected Intelligent Particles Systems (MACIPS), we reproduce two new simple subsets of such intelligent complex network, namely hybrid intelligent systems, involved a few prominent intelligent computing and approximate reasoning methods: self organizing feature map (SOM), Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System and Rough Set Theory (RST). Over this, we show how our algorithms can be construed as a linkage of government-society interaction, where government catches various fashions of behavior: solid (absolute) or flexible. So, transition of such society, by changing of connectivity parameters (noise) from order to disorder is inferred. Add to this, one may find an indirect mapping among financial systems and eventual market fluctuations with MACIPS.
Towards A Minimal Phonetic Set for Quran Recitation

Speech is the most important interaction mechanism between human beings. Text-to-Speech synthesis problem has been addressed by many researchers in the literature for different languages. However, the Arabic language did not receive that much attention. This paper addresses a computational linguistic aspect in a phonetically transcribed syllabified Quranic text that is essential for developing speech synthesis prototype. The main objective of this work is to find a set of Quran verses (Ayat) that has the complete set of distinct syllables. An algorithm to find a reduced set for Quran verses that contains all Quran syllables is proposed. One of the motivations for this work is compressing the sound files of the Quran recitation. The current work proposes a technique to extract a reduced phonetic set of Quran recitation that can be used to develop Text-to-Speech system. It is found that out of 211,573 syllables – which Quran consists of – there are 2,642 distinct syllables that represents less than 1.25% of the Quranic syllables set. In addition, a reduced set of Quran verses that contains the whole set of distinct syllables is identified. The extracted set of verses represents around 16% of Quran verses.
Dependent Types for Distributed Arrays

Locality-aware algorithms over distributed arrays can be very difficult to write. Yet such algorithms are becoming more and more important as desktop machines boast more and more processors. We show how a dependently-typed programming language can help develop such algorithms by hosting a domain-specific embedded type system that ensures every well-typed program will only ever access local data. Such static guarantees can help catch programming errors early on in the development cycle and maximise the potential speedup that multicore machines offer. At the same time, the functional specification of effects we provide facilitates the testing of and reasoning about algorithms on distributed arrays.
Energy‐minimizing coarse spaces for two‐level Schwarz methods for multiscale PDEs

Two‐level overlapping Schwarz methods for elliptic partial differential equations combine local solves on overlapping domains with a global solve of a coarse approximation of the original problem. To obtain robust methods for equations with highly varying coefficients, it is important to carefully choose the coarse approximation. Recent theoretical results by the authors have shown that bases for such robust coarse spaces should be constructed such that the energy of the basis functions is minimized. We give a simple derivation of a method that finds such a minimum energy basis using one local solve per coarse space basis function and one global solve to enforce a partition of unity constraint. Although this global solve may seem prohibitively expensive, we demonstrate that a one‐level overlapping Schwarz method is an effective and scalable preconditioner and we show that such a preconditioner can be implemented efficiently using the Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury formula. The result is an elegant, scalable, algebraic method for constructing a robust coarse space given only the supports of the coarse space basis functions. Numerical experiments on a simple two‐dimensional model problem with a variety of binary and multiscale coefficients confirm this. Numerical experiments also show that, when used in a two‐level preconditioner, the energy‐minimizing coarse space gives better results than other coarse space constructions, such as the multiscale finite element approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Achieving High-Frequency Optical Control of Synaptic Transmission

The optogenetic tool channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) is widely used to excite neurons to study neural circuits. Previous optogenetic studies of synapses suggest that light-evoked synaptic responses often exhibit artificial synaptic depression, which has been attributed to either the inability of ChR2 to reliably fire presynaptic axons or to ChR2 elevating the probability of release by depolarizing presynaptic boutons. Here, we compare light-evoked and electrically evoked synaptic responses for high-frequency stimulation at three synapses in the mouse brain. At synapses from Purkinje cells to deep cerebellar nuclei neurons (PC→DCN), light- and electrically evoked synaptic currents were remarkably similar for ChR2 expressed transgenically or with adeno-associated virus (AAV) expression vectors. For hippocampal CA3→CA1 synapses, AAV expression vectors of serotype 1, 5, and 8 led to light-evoked synaptic currents that depressed much more than electrically evoked currents, even though ChR2 could fire axons reliably at up to 50 Hz. The disparity between optical and electrical stimulation was eliminated when ChR2 was expressed transgenically or with AAV9. For cerebellar granule cell to stellate cell (grc→SC) synapses, AAV1 also led to artificial synaptic depression and AAV9 provided superior performance. Artificial synaptic depression also occurred when stimulating over presynaptic boutons, rather than axons, at CA3→CA1 synapses, but not at PC→DCN synapses. These findings indicate that ChR2 expression methods and light stimulation techniques influence synaptic responses in a neuron-specific manner. They also identify pitfalls associated with using ChR2 to study synapses and suggest an approach that allows optogenetics to be applied in a manner that helps to avoid potential complications.
Segmentation of continuous speech for broad phonetic engine

This paper proposes a method for segmentation of continuous speech into phrase-like regions for the use in broad phonetic engine. A broad phonetic engine is a system which converts input speech signal into a sequence of broad phoneme classes, namely, vowel, nasal, approximant, stop and fricative. A frame level speech/nonspeech classifier using artificial neural network is employed for detection of pause/break regions in continuous speech. Automatic marking of breaks in continuous speech is achieved using this. Performance of broad phonetic engine in Malayalam is evaluated with and without segmentation of input speech, and an improvement is obtained by segmentation. A method for searching audio database is proposed using the output of this broad phonetic engine.
Landmark Pair based Localization for Intelligent Vehicles using Laser Radar

Localization, namely pose estimation is of great importance in the research of intelligent vehicles. In this paper, after a simple overview of existing methods, a method of laser radar localization based on landmark pairs (L3P) is presented, which is an improved algorithm of localization based on landmarks to overcome problems of traditional methods, such as low reliability and low robustness of landmark detection, etc. This algorithm has been verified on both synthetic data and real range data in the outdoor environment. Experimental results demonstrate its high accuracy, high robustness to noises and low computation.
Email Spam Detection Using a Multi-objective Memetic Algorithm

IP Address blacklisting [1, 2] works by storing a list of the origin of known spam and then ignoring further email sent from that IP address, under the assumption it is also spam. This approach has two problems: spammers are able to circumvent it by regularly switching IP addresses, and after spam has been sent from an IP address hijacked by a spammer, email sent by the unsuspecting computer user is now blacklisted as spam as well.