Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of transcriptional targets associated with the expression of p210 Bcr‐Abl

Abstract: Objectives: Chronic myeloid leukaemia is caused by the expression of the p210 Bcr‐Abl fusion protein which results from the Philadelphia translocation, t(9;22). This oncogene has been the focus of extensive research. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the haematological malignancy are not fully understood. The main objective of the current study was to identify novel transcriptional targets of Bcr‐Abl. Methods: In order to achieve this, microarrays were employed in order to conduct a genome‐wide expression analysis comparing 32D cells with a transfected clone expressing high levels of p210 Bcr‐Abl. Quantitative RT‐PCR was employed in order to confirm the observed increase/decrease in expression for a number of the deregulated genes. Results and conclusions: This comparison identified 138 genes of known function showing altered expression in response to Bcr‐Abl‐mediated signalling. Among the genes found to be upregulated in response to p210 Bcr‐Abl were aldolase 1A and phosphofructokinase, both of which encode key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. As a consequence of this, we demonstrate that the rate of glycolysis is significantly increased in Bcr‐Abl expressing cells in a PI3K‐dependent manner. Our results also indicate altered expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell adhesion and cell signalling.
Energy Optimality and Variability in Subthreshold Design

Recent progress in the development of subthreshold circuit design techniques has created the opportunity for dramatic energy reductions in many applications. However, energy efficiency comes at the price of timing and energy variability due to process variations. We explore energy optimality in the subthreshold regime, discuss variability in this region, and highlight the energy and variability characteristics of a real subthreshold design
An Attribute Based Storage Method for Speeding up CLIQUE Algorithm for Subspace Clustering

The subspace clustering algorithm CLIQUE finds all subspace clusters including overlapping clusters existing in high dimensional datasets. CLIQUE consists of three main steps namely - (1) identification of subspaces that contain clusters, (2) identification of clusters and (3) generation of the minimal description for the clusters obtained in step two. In this paper, we have presented a method for speeding-up the first step of the CLIQUE algorithm. The proposed method is based on accessing the data from columns instead of rows. It is very efficient when there are many missing values in the high dimensional datasets given in the form of table. We have also proposed a depth-first method to find the maximal dense units, to further improve the performance of the first step
Node Compression Techniques Based on Cache-Sensitive B+-Tree

Cache-conscious indices have been researched for a decade. These index structures can enhance data locality and reduce cache misses. Cache-Sensitive B+-tree (CSB+-tree) is a state-of-the-art, high performance index tree for main-memory database systems. However, in the worst case, the space utilization of CSB+-tree can fall to 25%. The main contribution of this paper is to improve space efficiency of CSB+-tree by using compression mechanisms. We have conducted experimental studies. Results show that the compressed CSB+-trees can yield significant space savings with additional benefits for search and delete operations by utilizing the superiority of modern hardware.
Precise and in situ genetic humanization of 6 Mb of mouse immunoglobulin genes

Significance This paper describes a major advance in genomic engineering, describing by far the largest genetic humanization of the mouse ever attempted. Six megabases of mouse immune genes were replaced in a precise manner and “in situ” (in the orthologous position) with the corresponding human immune genes using largechimeric bacterial artificial chromosome targeting vectors. The accompanying manuscript demonstrates that the engineered mice function with high efficiency and have already generated therapeutic candidates that have progressed into human trials. Genetic humanization, which involves replacing mouse genes with their human counterparts, can create powerful animal models for the study of human genes and diseases. One important example of genetic humanization involves mice humanized for their Ig genes, allowing for human antibody responses within a mouse background (HumAb mice) and also providing a valuable platform for the generation of fully human antibodies as therapeutics. However, existing HumAb mice do not have fully functional immune systems, perhaps because of the manner in which they were genetically humanized. Heretofore, most genetic humanizations have involved disruption of the endogenous mouse gene with simultaneous introduction of a human transgene at a new and random location (so-called KO-plus-transgenic humanization). More recent efforts have attempted to replace mouse genes with their human counterparts at the same genetic location (in situ humanization), but such efforts involved laborious procedures and were limited in size and precision. We describe a general and efficient method for very large, in situ, and precise genetic humanization using large compound bacterial artificial chromosome–based targeting vectors introduced into mouse ES cells. We applied this method to genetically humanize 3-Mb segments of both the mouse heavy and κ light chain Ig loci, by far the largest genetic humanizations ever described. This paper provides a detailed description of our genetic humanization approach, and the companion paper reports that the humoral immune systems of mice bearing these genetically humanized loci function as efficiently as those of WT mice.
Objective Quality Assessment of Target Speaker Separation Performance in Multisource Reverberant Environment

Sound quality estimation of a speech enhancement or source separation system in a realistic adverse noise scenario is a challenge. In particular, the connection between results obtained by quality metrics versus those obtained from human subjective listening tests is unknown. In this paper, as the ﬁrst attempt, we present results, which examine the correlation between certain objective metrics and Multi Stimulus with Hidden Reference and Anchor Point (MUSHRA) listening tests. There are a variety of applications which may beneﬁt from the outcome of this study, since the enhancement/separation system is often used as a pre-processing stage for target applications such as - to name a few - automatic speech recognition, speech coding, speaker recognition and hearing aid devices. In all these applications the knowledge of which objective metrics reliably predicts subjective results is of great importance, as it saves the time consuming task of listening tests in future studies when developing a new enhancement system. The paper presents performance evaluation of several benchmark systems in a realistic noisy reverberant environment using the existing objective quality metrics. Subjective listening experiments which are relevant for perceptual speech quality. MUSHRA listening test is also conducted as our subjective evaluation. Comparing the ob-jective and subjective results we present the discussion about which metrics correlate well with subjective listening tests.
Accounting for Unresolved Clouds in a 1D Infrared Radiative Transfer Model. Part II: Horizontal Variability of Cloud Water Path

A 1D infrared radiative transfer model that handles clouds with subgrid-scale horizontal variability is developed and tested. It assumes that fluctuations in cloud absorptance optical depth k across layers (and collections of layers) can be described by gamma distributions. Unlike homogeneous clouds, flux incident at a level inside a horizontally inhomogeneous cloud requires explicit computation of transmittance to all other levels in the cloud. Consequently, in addition to estimates of variability for each layer, variability between any two levels must be specified too. Scattering by hydrometeors and a general treatment of cloud overlap are included in this model. Solutions for isothermal and nonisothermal Planck source functions are presented. For the synthetic cloudy atmospheres used here, the new model produces errors for outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and cloud cooling rates that are typically more than an order of magnitude smaller than those associated with the conventional homogeneous cloud model (as used in all GCMs at present). It is shown that up- and downwelling fluxes and cloud cooling rates can depend much on subgrid-scale variability. For high overcast clouds with realistic variability, OLR can be up to 20 W m 22 more than that predicted by a conventional homogeneous model using the same mean k. At the same time, cooling rate errors at cloud top and cloud base due to the homogeneous assumption can be up to 625%; the sign depending primarily on mean k and magnitude of variability. For lower, thicker clouds, the homogeneous assumption leads primarily to errors in cloud-top cooling. The new code usually remedies these errors greatly. This model, and its solar counterpart, are used currently in the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis GCM.
Early Evaluation of Potential Environmental Impacts of Carbon Nanotube Synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition Experimental Methods

The carbon nanotube (CNT) industry is expanding rapidly, yet little is known about the potential environmental impacts of CNT manufacture. Here, we evaluate the effluent composition of a representative multiwalled CNT synthesis by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in order to provide data needed to design strategies for mitigating any unacceptable emissions. During thermal pretreatment of the reactant gases (ethene and H 2), we found over 45 side-products were formed, including methane, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This finding suggests several environmental concerns with the existing process, including potential discharges of the potent greenhouse gas, methane (up to 1.7%), and toxic compounds such as benzene and 1,3-butadiene (up to 36000 ppmv). Extrapolating these laboratory-scale data to future industrial CNT production, we estimate that (1) contributions of atmospheric methane will be negligible compared to other existing sources and (2) VOC and PAH emissions may become important on local scales but will be small when compared to national industrial sources. As a first step toward reducing such unwanted emissions, we used continuous in situ measures of CNT length during growth and sought to identify which thermally generated compounds correlated with CNT growth rate. The results suggested that, in future CNT production approaches, key reaction intermediates could be delivered to the catalyst without thermal treatment. This would eliminate the most energetically expensive component of CVD synthesis (heating reactant gases), while reducing the formation of unintended byproducts. Introduction Recent reports have highlighted the need for improved understanding of the environmental, health, and safety risks associated with nanomaterials and their fabrication (1-3). Historically, chemical manufacturing procedures have been designed to maximize material performance and minimize production costs, but little attention has been devoted to a priori environmental impact mitigation. This practice has resulted in delayed recognition of malignant environmental effects, and at an advanced stage of industrial development, after substantial investment, it is very difficult to arrest, let alone rectify, the resultant damages. As exemplified by other industrially important materials, retarded identification of undesirable environmental impacts has necessitated costly reparation and remediation efforts (e.g., perfluorooctanoic acid from Teflon manufacture) and ultimately resulted in product bans and redevelopment of synthetic technologies (4-6). Many industrial chemicals have followed this pattern of initially rapid growth of production, recognition of malignant environmental or public health effects, subsequent material or product bans, and, finally, replacement by new technologies on a " few decades " time frame …
Intergenerational Conflicts and the Resource Policy Formation of a Short-Lived Government

This paper studies the political economy of resource management in an OLG framework with an intertemporal externality problem. The externality arises because a common resource used for production is depleted by production of "dirty" goods. An intergenerational conflict arises because the young generation cares about the level of current production of dirty goods. This is so because production of dirty goods affects the future availability of the resource. The old, on the other hand, has no such a concern. We assume that they lobby the government to affect the policy choice - an upper limit on the resource use allowed for production of dirty goods - in their favour. Within a dynamic common agency framework, we study stationary equilibria focussing on a particular class of strategies which we called "Take It or Leave It"(TIOLI) strategies, where a lobby makes a positive contribution only when her payoff maximising policy is implemented. It is shown that political competition may lead to a "greener" environment policy and to less resource exploitation than in an unregulated economy. More surprisingly, we also find that resource exploitation may be lower in political equilibrium than in an economy run by a social planner.
Data cube approximation and histograms via wavelets

There has recently been an explosion of interest in the analysis of data in data warehouses in the eld of On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP). Data warehouses can be extremely large, yet obtaining quick answers to queries is important. In many situations, obtaining the exact answer to an OLAP query is prohibitively expensive in terms of time and/or storage space. It can be advantageous to have fast, approximate answers to queries. In this paper, we present an I/O-eecient technique based upon a multiresolution wavelet decomposition that yields an approximate and space-eecient representation of the data cube, which is one of the core OLAP operators. We build our compact data cube on the logarithms of the partial sums of the raw data values of a multidimensional array. We get excellent approximations for on-line range-sum queries with limited space usage and computational cost. Multiple data cubes can be handled simultaneously. Each query can generally be answered, depending upon the accuracy supported, in one I/O or a small number of I/Os. Experiments show that our method performs signiicantly better than other approximation techniques such as histograms and random sampling.
Agile methodology in software development (SMEs) of Pakistan software industry for successful software projects (CMM framework)

The emergence of software offshore outsourcing phenomena hits every country positively and one of the offshore client/vendor attractng factor is CMM certification. CMM is a well recognized and globally accepted standard in software development to process control, quality improvement, and measurement of software firm's capability. Therefore, Pakistani software firms (SMEs) are striving to achieve the CMM certifications to earn profit from offshore clients. In fact, CMM certification is not easy to adopt for all level of firms. Pakistan software industry is at its initial stage, so it is not recommendable to jump for CMM by software firms (SMEs) directly. The present research paper suggests that these software firms (SMEs) should go for adaptation of agile development methodology for excellent performance on the foot steps of CMM. In this way, software firms (SMEs) can leads toward CMM after agile maturity. The authors used the eXtreme Programming (XP) as an example that proves Agile Development Methodology can well fit the CMM framework and software development firms (SMEs) can achieve their objectives to participate in offshore outsourcing phenonmena.
Logistics information systems model designing

The article analyzed the primary functions of modern logistics and the operation demand of information systems. After studying the basic principles of the transport system planning ,system theory and control theory, it puts forward a program, which using a multi-level hierarchical control as the oriented control work and a feedback control for the auxiliary controls. We make give users a high quality service in the whole program as the core in the system design idea. The overall design model of the logistics information system was founded, and the article puts forward to the design models of the information flat of the logistics systems and the control system of aptitude vehicle, the analysis way and design models are useful for the logistics information systems. So we can use them to give some advice to the developing from tradition freight to modern logistics.
A Polysilicon Microhemispherical Resonating Gyroscope

This letter reports, for the first time, an integrated polysilicon microhemispherical resonating gyroscope (μHRG) with selfaligned drive, sense, and tuning electrodes, all fabricated using a single wafer process. The polysilicon hemispherical shell is 700 nm in thickness and 1.2 mm in diameter, resulting in a 1:3000 aspect ratio three-dimensional (3-D) microstructure. The quality factor of the wineglass mode is measured to be 8500 at 6.7 kHz with an as-fabricated frequency mismatch of 105 Hz between the two m = 2 degenerate modes. The modes are electrostatically matched and aligned using the tuning electrodes with a resulting mode-matched quality factor of 11100. Initial characterization of the sensitivity of the μHRG shows a scale factor of 4.4 mV/o/s.
Collected Works of John Stuart Mill

Born in London in 1806 into a pedigree of intellect, and educated at the knee of his father, the Scottish philosopher James Mill, John Stuart Mill became one of the 19th century's most influential writers on economics and social philosophy. Liberty Fund is pleased to present in paperback eight of the original thirty-three hardcover volumes of the Collected Works of John Stuart Mill that were first published by the University of Toronto Press. This collection includes Mill's Autobiography, which tells of his extraordinary education under the direct tutelage of his father, and under the indirect influence of some of England's most renowned political economic thinkers. At the tender age of three, Mill was reading Greek, and by eight years of age he was well-versed in English history, classical western philosophy, and arithmetic. These volumes also include Principles of Political Economy, a compendium of economic theory ranging from Adam Smith through the then-modern theories of David Ricardo and Bentham. Principles was the leading economics textbook for nearly half a century and influenced generations of social and economic thinkers.
Extracting Chemical Laws from Chinese Scientific Literatures

The knowledge acquisition bottleneck has become the major impediment to the development and application of effective knowledge systems. In this paper, we study the problem of extracting chemical laws from the abstract of Chinese scientific and formalizing the laws extracted to production rules. This task is different from traditional text based information extraction because how to encode the extracted laws into a computational chemistry expert system is also under our consideration. NLP approaches are used to facilitate the automated extraction of chemical laws. First, tregex are used to identify the named entities on parsing trees and then typed dependencies are utilized to extract operation words and consequence words. The experimental results indicate that our approaches for this task are highly efficient.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics in Situ Spatiotemporal Measurements of the Detailed Azimuthal Substructure of the Substorm Current Wedge

Key Points: • The substorm current wedge (SCW) has significant azimuthal structure • Current sheets within the SCW are north-south aligned • The substructure of the SCW raises questions for the proposed wedgelet scenario (2014), In situ spatiotemporal measurements of the detailed azimuthal substructure of the substorm current wedge, J. Geo-phys. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract The substorm current wedge (SCW) is a fundamental component of geomagnetic substorms. Models tend to describe the SCW as a simple line current flowing into the ionosphere toward dawn and out of the ionosphere toward dusk, linked by a westward electrojet. We use multispacecraft observations from perigee passes of the Cluster 1 and 4 spacecraft during a substorm on 15 January 2010, in conjunction with ground-based observations, to examine the spatial structuring and temporal variability of the SCW. At this time, the spacecraft traveled east-west azimuthally above the auroral region. We show that the SCW has significant azimuthal substructure on scales of 100 km at altitudes of 4000–7000 km. We identify 26 individual current sheets in the Cluster 4 data and 34 individual current sheets in the Cluster 1 data, with Cluster 1 passing through the SCW 120–240 s after Cluster 4 at 1300–2000 km higher altitude. Both spacecraft observed large-scale regions of net upward and downward field-aligned current, consistent with the large-scale characteristics of the SCW, although sheets of oppositely directed currents were observed within both regions. We show that the majority of these current sheets were closely aligned to a north-south direction, in contrast to the expected east-west orientation of the preonset aurora. Comparing our results with observations of the field-aligned current associated with bursty bulk flows (BBFs), we conclude that significant questions remain for the explanation of SCW structuring by BBF-driven " wedgelets. " Our results therefore represent constraints on future modeling and theoretical frameworks on the generation of the SCW.
A new color coding scheme for easy polyp visualization in CT-based virtual colonoscopy

In this paper, we first introduce three different geometric features including shape index, curvedness and sphericity ratio, for colonic polyp detection. A new color coding scheme is designed to highlight the detected polyps, and help radiologists to distinguish them from other tissues more easily. The key idea is to place the detected polyp candidates at the same locations in a newly created polygonal dataset with exactly the same topological and geometrical properties as the triangulated mesh surface of real colon dataset, and assign different colors to the two separated datasets to highlight the polyps. Finally, we validate the proposed polyp detection framework and color coding scheme by computer simulated and real colon datasets. For sixteen synthetic polyps with different shapes and different sizes, the sensitivity is 100%, and false positive is 0.