Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Cycle Detection for Accelerometer Based Gait Authentication

Over the last years, there has been an increasing research interest in the application of accelerometry data for many kinds of automated gait analysis algorithms. The need for more security on mobile devices is increasing with new functionalities and features made available. To improve the device security we propose an improved biometric gait recognition approach with a stable cycle detection mechanism and comparison algorithm. Unlike previous work on wearable gait recognition, which was based from simple average cycling methods to more complicated methods, this paper reports new techniques for which can improve the performance, by using simple approaches. Preprocessing, cycle detection and recognition-analysis were applied to the acceleration signal. The performance of the system was evaluated having 60 volunteers and 12 sessions each volunteer and resulted in an equal error rate (EER) of 5.7%.
Multi-factor clustering for a marketplace search interface

Search engines provide a small window to the vast repository of data they index and against which they search. They try their best to return the documents that are of relevance to the user but often a large number of results may be returned. Users struggle to manage this vast result set looking for the items of interest. Clustering search results is one way of alleviating this navigational pain. In this paper we describe a clustering system that enables clustering search results in an online marketplace search system.
Classification of α-Helical Membrane Proteins Using Predicted Helix Architectures

Despite significant methodological advances in protein structure determination high-resolution structures of membrane proteins are still rare, leaving sequence-based predictions as the only option for exploring the structural variability of membrane proteins at large scale. Here, a new structural classification approach for α-helical membrane proteins is introduced based on the similarity of predicted helix interaction patterns. Its application to proteins with known 3D structure showed that it is able to reliably detect structurally similar proteins even in the absence of any sequence similarity, reproducing the SCOP and CATH classifications with a sensitivity of 65% at a specificity of 90%. We applied the new approach to enhance our comprehensive structural classification of α-helical membrane proteins (CAMPS), which is primarily based on sequence and topology similarity, in order to find protein clusters that describe the same fold in the absence of sequence similarity. The total of 151 helix architectures were delineated for proteins with more than four transmembrane segments. Interestingly, we observed that proteins with 8 and more transmembrane helices correspond to fewer different architectures than proteins with up to 7 helices, suggesting that in large membrane proteins the evolutionary tendency to re-use already available folds is more pronounced.
Unraveling the hydrodynamics of split root water uptake experiments using CT scanned root architectures and three dimensional flow simulations

Split root experiments have the potential to disentangle water transport in roots and soil, enabling the investigation of the water uptake pattern of a root system. Interpretation of the experimental data assumes that water flow between the split soil compartments does not occur. Another approach to investigate root water uptake is by numerical simulations combining soil and root water flow depending on the parameterization and description of the root system. Our aim is to demonstrate the synergisms that emerge from combining split root experiments with simulations. We show how growing root architectures derived from temporally repeated X-ray CT scanning can be implemented in numerical soil-plant models. Faba beans were grown with and without split layers and exposed to a single drought period during which plant and soil water status were measured. Root architectures were reconstructed from CT scans and used in the model R-SWMS (root-soil water movement and solute transport) to simulate water potentials in soil and roots in 3D as well as water uptake by growing roots in different depths. CT scans revealed that root development was considerably lower with split layers compared to without. This coincided with a reduction of transpiration, stomatal conductance and shoot growth. Simulated predawn water potentials were lower in the presence of split layers. Simulations showed that this was related to an increased resistance to vertical water flow in the soil by the split layers. Comparison between measured and simulated soil water potentials proved that the split layers were not perfectly isolating and that redistribution of water from the lower, wetter compartments to the drier upper compartments took place, thus water losses were not equal to the root water uptake from those compartments. Still, the layers increased the resistance to vertical flow which resulted in lower simulated collar water potentials that led to reduced stomatal conductance and growth.
The use of fractional polynomials to model continuous risk variables in epidemiology.

BACKGROUND The traditional method of analysing continuous or ordinal risk factors by categorization or linear models may be improved. METHODS We propose an approach based on transformation and fractional polynomials which yields simple regression models with interpretable curves. We suggest a way of presenting the results from such models which involves tabulating the risks estimated from the model at convenient values of the risk factor. We discuss how to incorporate several continuous risk and confounding variables within a single model. The approach is exemplified with data from the Whitehall I study of British Civil Servants. We discuss the approach in relation to categorization and non-parametric regression models. RESULTS We show that non-linear risk models fit the data better than linear models. We discuss the difficulties introduced by categorization and the advantages of the new approach. CONCLUSIONS Our approach based on fractional polynomials should be considered as an important alternative to the traditional approaches for the analysis of continuous variables in epidemiological studies.
Monitoring of γ‐Aminobutyric Acid in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid: Downward Revision of Previous Control Values

Summary γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were measured by a radioreceptor assay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from two groups of subjects, one without evidence of neurological or psychiatric disease and one with a variety of neurological disorders for which GABA involvement is not known. Mean GABA concentrations in CSF for the two groups were 117 ± 10 and 127 ± 7.4 pmol/ml (means ± SE for 17 and 41 individuals, respectively). These values were about half of most previously reported mean CSF GABA control values, a fact which may be attributed, at least in part, to a reduction of artifactual increase in GABA levels during sampling, storing, and thawing of CSF samples and GABA analysis. Age and sex had no significant influence on CSF GABA concentration.
Applying Cognitive Models of Deception to National Security Investigations: Considerations of Psychological Research, Law, and Ethical Practice

The current threat of global terrorism has sparked a renewed interest in the development of more effective methods for the detection of deception. In the United States, the American Psychological Association (APA)—spurred by torture allegations involving terrorist suspects—established guidelines for professional practice regarding investigative methods that could be conceptualized as coercive. As affirmed by APA, psychological research can play an active and ethical role in the development of standardized methods for the detection of deception. Instead of focusing on external sources of terrorism, this conceptual paper argues for programmatic research on insider threats, specifically risks to national security posed by government and other employees. In briefly reviewing deception research, recent investigations of cognitive loads and deceptions hold particular promise, especially studies that systematically manipulate levels of cognitive load. These methods can be extended to collateral sources, further minimizing ethical concerns while broadening the scope of deception investigation.
Reliability evaluation of distribution system with distributed generation based on Islanding algorithm

Distributed generation (DG), which is interlinked with distribution system, will inevitably have an impact to system. In the paper, a reliability evaluation method is proposed, which is based on the analysis to the structure and power flow of distribution system with distributed generation. First, a new concept, the smallest unit, is put forward for improving the fault traversal networks times. The authors use the depth-first search in data structure to divide distribution system into several the smallest units, and propose the islanding operation mode to increase the reliability of the system. Distribution system will be automatically turned into the islanding operation mode once faults occur. To evaluate quantitatively the reliability of distribution system, Monte Carlo simulation method is used by simulating the running status of distribution system. At last, the calculation results of actual case show that the proposed method is available to evaluate the reliability of distribution system with distributed generation.
Inattentional Blindness: Perception or Memory and What Does It Matter?

An extensive research program surrounding a phenomenon called inattentional blindness is reported by Mack and Rock (1998) in their book of the same name. The general conclusion that is drawn from the work is that no conscious perception can occur without attention. Because the bulk of the evidence surrounding inattentional blindness comes from memorial reports of displays, it is possible that inattentional blindness reflects a problem with memory, rather than a problem with perception. It is argued here that at least some instances of inattentional blindness are better characterized as memorial failures than perceptual failures. The extent to which unattended stimuli fail to engage perceptual processing is an empirical question that the combination of inattentional blindness and online measures of processing can be used to address.
A fresh look at Forwarding Information Base compression via mathematical analysis

With the fast development of Internet, the size of routing table in the backbone router continues to grow rapidly. Forwarding Information Base (FIB), which is derived from routing table, is stored in line-card to conduct routing lookup. Since the line-card's memory is limited, it would be worthwhile to compress the FIB for consuming less storage. Therefore, various FIB compression algorithms are proposed [2-7]. However, there is no well-presented mathematical support for the feasibility of the FIB compression solution, nor any mathematical derivation to prove the correctness of these algorithms. To address these problems, we propose a universal mathematical method based on the Group2 theory. By defining a Group representing the Longest Prefix Matching Rule (LPM), the bound of the worst case of FIB compression solution can be figured out. Furthermore, in order to guarantee the ultimate correctness of FIB compression algorithms, Routing Table Equation Test (RTET) is proposed and implemented to verify the equivalence of the two routing tables before and after compression by traversing the 32-bit IP address space.
Wavelet-mathematical morphology and envelope spectrum analysis in wind power generator gearbox fault diagnosis

A lot of fault information of wind turbine gearbox exists in vibration signal in form of modulation, but vibration signal may contain plenty of random impulse noise, white noise, etc. Although wavelet de-noising has the advantage to depress the white noise, it cannot effectively suppress the impulse noise. The mathematical morphological filter has a strong ability to suppress impulse interference, but its ability to filter out white noise is weaker than the wavelet algorithm. The traditional time domain smoothing and frequency domain de-noising methods have many shortcomings. According to this feature, we use LabVIEW as the development environment to analyze the vibration signal of gearbox. The integrated wavelet-mathematical morphology is used to achieve de-noising. The envelope spectrum analysis based on Hilbert is used to demodulate out the modulation information from original signal. Then we analyze the strength and frequency to determine the gearbox fault location and the degree of its injury. We propose a method to eliminate interference noise and analyze the fault in signal. It can be easily used in many industrial fields. Experiments presented in this paper show that the wavelet-mathematical morphology can effectively suppress interference noise, and the envelope spectrum analysis can effectively diagnose the fault information of gearbox.
The Taimyr Pidgin Russian morphology enigma

Unlike prototypical pidgins, Taimyr Pidgin Russian (TPR) has adopted almost the complete set of verbal inflexions from its lexifier. This might be indicative of a social setting differing in a significant way from the usual pidginization scenario. Taking into account the ecolinguistic setting under which TPR evolved, a general picture of how TPR may have acquired its unique morphological peculiarities will be drawn. This article will try to piece the relevant sociohistorical evidence together and argue for TPR representing a pidgin of a different type, as it reflects in its morphological frame a less segregated contact history between the indigenous population of northern Siberia and the Russian newcomers. In the end TPR may have more in common with L2-varieties of old-settlers’ Russian, like Kamchadal Russian used by Itelmens, than with prototypical pidgins, thus constituting a Russian equivalent in type to pidgins in the colonial sphere of western nations.
Prototype of a tool for analysing laryngeal cancer operations

In this study, a software tool was developed to analyse the medical data collected from laryngeal cancer operations by using two data mining techniques. The software, run on real-world medical data, is a tool that enables medical decisions to be reached by analysing past records from patients. The k-means algorithm, which is a clustering algorithm in data mining, was used to point out the intensities in the data set and to display two dimensions on the charts. The data of three screens that were named as selective clustering, different pre- and post-operation stages and clustering operations based on pre-operation T values, were processed using clustering with the k-means algorithm and one screen, which named relapse and survival percentages, was processed through classifying. It helps the future decision-making process by considering false estimates of pre-operation stages of the cases and by using the information gathered from past cases concerning tumour relapse and the survival percentage for prognostication. The characteristics of laryngeal cancer operations data, that involve causal links, were exposed by using two data mining techniques in this application.
The role of relational resilience in teachers’ career-long commitment and effectiveness

At a time when the contemporary landscape of teaching is populated with successive and persisting government policy reforms that have increased teachers’ external accountabilities, work complexity, and emotional workload, understanding why and how many teachers are able to sustain their capacity to be resilient and continue to work for improvement is an important quality retention issue. The purpose of this paper is to build upon but take further current understanding of resilience in teachers by exploring in greater depth the nature of resilience in teachers as a relational concept and the ways in which it may be related to the learning and achievement of their pupils. The empirical basis of the paper draws upon analyses of twice yearly semi-structured face-to-face interview data from 300 teachers in different phases of their careers in 100 primary and secondary schools in England over a consecutive three-year period. Through these analyses, the paper contributes additional empirical evidence to the emerging but still limited literature on the factors which influence teachers’ capacity to be resilient. The paper concludes with a consideration of the implication of the findings for the quality retention of teachers.
Recognizing Faces of Moving People by Hierarchical Image-Set Matching

This paper proposes a novel method for recognizing faces in a cluster of moving people. In this task, there are two problems caused by motion, which are occlusions, and changes in facial pose and illumination. Multiple cameras are used to acquire near-frontal faces to avoid occlusions and profile faces. The hierarchical image-set matching (HISM) creates a distribution for each individual by integrating a set of face images of the same individual acquired from the multiple cameras. By adopting a method for comparing between test and training distributions in identification, variation in pose and illumination is alleviated, and good recognition accuracy can be obtained. Experimental results using video sequences containing 349 people show that the proposed method achieves high recognition performance compared with conventional methods, which use frame-by-frame identification and a distribution obtained from a single camera.
Modest Increase in Peak VO2 Is Related to Better Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Heart Failure Patients: Results From Heart Failure and a Controlled Trial to Investigate Outcomes of Exercise Training

Background—The prognostic ability of a single measurement of peak oxygen uptake (VO2) is well established in patients with chronic heart failure. The relation between a change in peak VO2 and clinical outcomes is not well defined. Methods and Results—This investigation determined whether an increase in peak VO2 was associated with a lower risk of the primary end point of time to all-cause mortality or all-cause hospitalization and 3 secondary end points. In Heart Failure and a Controlled Trial to Investigate Outcomes of Exercise Training, an exercise training trial for patients with systolic heart failure, cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed at baseline and ≈3 months later in 1620 participants. Median peak VO2 in the combined sample increased from 15.0 (11.9–18.0 Q1–Q3) to 15.4 (12.3–18.7 Q1–Q3) mL·kg−1·min−1. Every 6% increase in peak VO2, adjusted for other significant predictors, was associated with a 5% lower risk of the primary end point (hazard ratio=0.95; CI=0.93–0.98; P<0.001); a 4% lower risk of the secondary end point of time to cardiovascular mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization (hazard ratio=0.96; CI=0.94–0.99; P<0.001); an 8% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality or heart failure hospitalization (hazard ratio=0.92; CI=0.88–0.96; P<0.001); and a 7% lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio=0.93; CI=0.90–0.97; P<0.001). Conclusions—Among patients with chronic systolic heart failure, a modest increase in peak VO2 over 3 months was associated with a more favorable outcome. Monitoring the change in peak VO2 for such patients may have benefit in assessing prognosis. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00047437.
Experimental and Numerical Study on the Thermal Performance of a Water/Steam Cavity Receiver

An experimental platform was designed and built for testing the thermal performance of a water/steam cavity receiver. The experimental platform was utilized to investigate the start-up performance and operation characteristics of the receiver. The electrical heating mode was chosen to simulate the non-uniform distribution of heat flux on the surface of absorber tubes inside the cavity. During start-up the temperature rise rate and the mass flow rate are considered as control variables. A couple of start-up curves under different working pressures were finally obtained. The results showed that the receiver performed at relatively low thermal efficiencies. The main reason for the low thermal efficiency was attributed to the low steam mass flow rate, which causes a high proportional heat loss. In order to study the relationship between thermal efficiency and mass flow rate, a computational model for evaluating the thermal performance of a cavity receiver was built and verified. This model couples three aspects of heat transfer: the radiative heat transfer inside the receiver, the flow boiling heat transfer inside the absorber tubes and the convection heat transfer around the receiver. The water/steam cavity receiver of the experimental platform was studied numerically. The curve of thermal efficiency versus mass flow rate was obtained to show that the thermal efficiency increases with increasing mass flow rate within a certain range, and the increase is more remarkable at low mass flow rates. The purpose of the present study was to determine an appropriate mass flow rate for the receiver of the experimental platform to ensure its efficient operation.
The optimized time of 18F-THK5351 PET/CT in normal Thai population

In this paper, we investigated 18F-THK5351 PET/CT image of normal Thai population for the optimized time of radioactive tracer PET/CT. Twenty-five volunteers without neurological or psychiatric illnesses and all of them have no abnormalities detected on neurologic examination. All subject were underdiagnosed on 18F-THK5351 PET/CT and 3.0 Tesla MR imaging. THK5351 PET/CT were operated on the co-registered MRI comprised for drawing an ROI. The DICOM file was converted to . img file, . hdr file and then merge with each other for obtaining an fmridata.mat. Position of ROI and fmridata.mat were used to plot graph showing the relationship between quantitative uptake with the frame of image. The optimized time of 18F-THK5351 PET/CT in normal Thai population is 50 to 70 minutes.
Approaches to improve the diagnosis and management of infertility

BACKGROUND Recent advances in our understanding of the causes of infertility and of assisted reproductive technology (ART) have led to the development of complex diagnostic tools, prognostic models and treatment options. The Third Evian Annual Reproduction (EVAR) Workshop Meeting was held on 26–27 April 2008 to evaluate evidence supporting current approaches to the diagnosis and management of infertility and to identify areas for future research efforts. METHODS Specialist reproductive medicine clinicians and scientists delivered presentations based on published literature and ongoing research on patient work-up, ovarian stimulation and embryo quality assessment during ART. This report is based on the expert presentations and subsequent group discussions and was supplemented with publications from literature searches and the authors' knowledge. RESULTS It was agreed that single embryo transfer (SET) should be used with increasing frequency in cycles of ART. Continued improvements in cryopreservation techniques, which improve pregnancy rates using supernumerary frozen embryos, are expected to augment the global uptake of SET. Adaptation and personalization of fertility therapy may help to optimize efficacy and safety outcomes for individual patients. Prognostic modelling and personalized management strategies based on individual patient characteristics may prove to represent real progress towards improved treatment. However, at present, there is limited good-quality evidence to support the use of these individualized approaches. CONCLUSIONS Greater quality control and standardization of clinical and laboratory evaluations are required to optimize ART practices and improve individual patient outcomes. Well-designed, good-quality studies are required to drive improvements to the diagnosis and management of ART processes.