Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A PI3K p110α-selective inhibitor enhances the efficacy of anti-HER2/neu antibody therapy against breast cancer in mice

ABSTRACT Combination therapies with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors and trastuzumab (anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor [HER]2/neu antibody) are effective against HER2+ breast cancer. Isoform-selective PI3K inhibitors elicit anti-tumor immune responses that are distinct from those induced by inhibitors of class I PI3K isoforms (pan-PI3K inhibitors). The present study investigated the therapeutic effect and potential for stimulating anti-tumor immunity of combined therapy with an anti-HER2/neu antibody and pan-PI3K inhibitor (GDC-0941) or a PI3K p110α isoform-selective inhibitor (A66) in mouse models of breast cancer. The anti-neu antibody inhibited tumor growth and enhanced anti-tumor immunity in HER2/neu+ breast cancer TUBO models, whereas GDC-0941 or A66 alone did not. Anti-neu antibody and PI3K inhibitor synergistically promoted anti-tumor immunity by increasing functional T cell production. In the presence of the anti-neu antibody, A66 was more effective than GDC-0941 at increasing the fraction of CD4+, CD8+, and IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte population. Detection of IFN-γ levels by enzyme-linked immunospot assay showed that the numbers of tumor-specific T cells against neu and non-neu tumor antigens were increased by combined PI3K inhibitor plus anti-neu antibody treatment, with A66 exhibiting more potent effects than GDC-0941. In a TUBO (neu+) and TUBO-P2J (neu−) mixed tumor model representing immunohistochemistry 2+ tumors, A66 suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival to a greater extent than GDC-0941 when combined with anti-neu antibody. These results demonstrate that a PI3K p110α-isoform-selective inhibitor is an effective adjunct to trastuzumab in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.
A taxonomy for software voting algorithms used in safety-critical systems

Voting algorithms are used to provide an error masking capability in a wide range of highly dependable commercial & research applications. These applications include N-Modular Redundant hardware systems and diversely designed software systems based on N-Version Programming. The most sophisticated & complex algorithms can even tolerate malicious (or Byzantine) subsystem errors. The algorithms can be implemented in hardware or software depending on the characteristics of the application, and the type of voter selected. Many voting algorithms have been defined in the literature, each with particular strengths and weaknesses. Having surveyed more than 70 references from the literature, a functional classification is used in this paper to provide taxonomy of those voting algorithms used in safety-critical applications. We classify voters into three categories: generic, hybrid, and purpose-built voters. Selected algorithms of each category are described, for illustrative purposes, and application areas proposed. Approaches to the comparison of algorithm behavior are also surveyed. These approaches compare the acceptability of voter behavior based on either statistical considerations (e.g., number of successes, number of benign or catastrophic results), or probabilistic computations (e.g., probability of choosing correct value in each voting cycle or average mean square error) during q voting cycles.
Numerical study of the DEKF parameter identification capabilities in fuel cell EIS tests

In this paper, a numerical study of the identification capabilities of a time-domain parameter estimator for polymeric electrolyte membrane fuel cells (FCs) under electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test is proposed. The estimator is a discrete-time Dual Extended Kalman Filter (DEKF). The FC is stimulated with sinusoidal input, typical of EIS tests, and the DEKF identifies the parameters of a linear first-order RC model representing the FC. The impact of the time-domain discretization and of the input signal frequency on the estimation performances are discussed. The results allow to design an effective sequential estimation approach.
The ZVS voltage-mode class-D amplifier, an eGaN® FET-enabled topology for highly resonant wireless energy transfer

The popularity of highly resonant, loosely coupled, wireless energy transfer systems operating at 6.78 MHz has increased dramatically over the last few years. In this paper we present the zero voltage switching (ZVS) voltage mode class D amplifier topology and evaluate its performance as a suitable A4WP Class-3 compliant amplifier using eGaN FETs and compare the performance with MOSFETs. Experimental verification has revealed that the ZVS class D amplifier can inherently drive a reflected load impedance range from +20j Ω though -30j Ω and 1.7 Ω through 57 Ω while maintaining A4WP Class-3 compliance, which is a significantly wider range than any other topology explored as of this date. The eGaN FET based amplifier was found to have 30 % lower losses and operate as much as 17°C cooler when delivering 16 W into the load than a MOSFET version.
An initial exploration of the suitability of long-short-term-memory networks for multiple site fatigue damage prediction on aircraft lap joints

One of the biggest problems facing operators of aging aircraft is making sure that their aircraft is structurally safe. Multiple site fatigue damage (MSD) refers to the presence of multiple fatigue cracks in the same structural element. These cracks interact with each other, rapidly increasing the crack growth rate, and this can result in a more sudden loss of structural integrity. This research is intended to explore the suitability of LSTM (Long and Short Term Memory recurrent neural network) to augment current fracture mechanics-derived analytical methods in the task of accurately predicting the cycle number at which a structural element's residual strength levels have been lowered enough that it cannot sustain the loads it is required to sustain any more. Current methods still require empirically determined correction factors to account for material variability and assembly tolerance-induced scatter. The LSTM tested in this paper is intended to be a part of a larger predictive system that can predict the life of a part, with manufacturing and in-service inspection and load monitoring results as its inputs. The LSTM is trained on a combined dataset, which consists of the fatigue test data from the Federal Aviation Administration's AR-07/22 report, combined with data generated by a crack growth simulator program, with initial conditions and loading similar to that encountered in the FAA's fatigue test. This original version of the model obtained an average MSE of 0.18 and an average MAE of 0.248 on the combined dataset, with the input and the output both normalized and centered.
Biomarker Assessment of HR Deficiency, Tumor BRCA1/2 Mutations, and CCNE1 Copy Number in Ovarian Cancer: Associations with Clinical Outcome Following Platinum Monotherapy

The current study evaluated three biomarkers [homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), tumor BRCA1/2 (tBRCA) mutations, and CCNE1 copy-number variation (CNV)] in ovarian tumors from patients enrolled on the SCOTROC4 clinical trial for associations with outcome following carboplatin monotherapy. Ovarian tumors (n = 250), with high-grade serous (HGSOC) subgroup analysis (n = 179) were classified as HRD positive (HRD score ≥42 or tBRCA mutation) and as CCNE1 amplification positive (CCNE1 CNV score >2.4). Seventy-four (30%) tumors were HRD positive, including 34 (14%) with tBRCA mutations. Forty-seven (19%) were CCNE1 amplification positive, all of which were tBRCA wild-type. HRD and tBRCA, but not CCNE1 amplification, were significantly associated with CA125 complete response in the entire cohort (HRD, P = 0.00015; tBRCA P = 0.0096), and the HGSOC subgroup (HRD, P = 0.0016; tBRCA P = 0.032). HRD and lack of CCNE1 amplification were associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the full cohort and HGSOC subgroup (HRD, P = 0.00021; CCNE1 status P = 0.038). HRD remained significant for OS and PFS after adjusting for clinical factors, while CCNE1 status only remained significant for PFS. Patients with HRD-positive tumors had greater PFS and OS benefit from platinum dose intensification than HRD-negative tumors (P = 0.049 and P = 0.035, respectively). An alternative exploratory HRD score threshold (≥33 or tBRCA mutation) was also significantly associated with both PFS and OS in the HGSOC subset. Implications: HRD, tumor BRCA1/2 mutations, and absence of CCNE1 amplification are associated with improved survival of ovarian cancer patients treated with platinum monotherapy and HRD-positive patients may benefit from platinum dose intensification. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1103–11. ©2018 AACR.
Responsiveness of Instruments to Assess Disorders of Consciousness: A Literature Review

Objectives: To summarise available evidence for responsiveness of six key assessments used with patients with disorders of consciousness: Coma Recovery Scale – Revised (CRS-R), Disorders Of Consciousness Scale (DOCS), Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART), Sensory Stimulation Assessment Measure (SSAM), Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM), and the Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile (WNSSP). Method: A literature search of five electronic databases was conducted using a systematic search strategy. Relevant literature was evaluated and pertinent information extracted. Results: Database searches using key terms initially yielded 132 articles. Following review for inclusion identified 24 articles. No studies were specifically designed to investigate responsiveness of any of the measures and therefore responsiveness data were either based on statistical significance of change post-treatment or descriptive analysis of change scores. The majority of studies identified used the CRS-R (n = 11), WHIM (n = 5) and WNSSP (n = 6) and have established responsiveness to change. There is some preliminary evidence for the responsiveness of the other measures, based on very few available studies: DOCS (n = 2), SMART (n = 1) or SSAM (n = 1). Conclusion: Future studies should seek to include responsiveness analysis, particularly in relation to the DOCS, SMART and SSAM.
High refractive index substrates for fluorescence microscopy of biological interfaces with high z contrast

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy is widely used to confine the excitation of a complex fluorescent sample very close to the material on which it is supported. By working with high refractive index solid supports, it is possible to confine even further the evanescent field, and by varying the angle of incidence, to obtain quantitative information on the distance of the fluorescent object from the surface. We report the fabrication of hybrid surfaces consisting of nm layers of SiO2 on lithium niobate (LiNbO3, n = 2.3). Supported lipid bilayer membranes can be assembled and patterned on these hybrid surfaces as on conventional glass. By varying the angle of incidence of the excitation light, we are able to obtain fluorescent contrast between 40-nm fluorescent beads tethered to a supported bilayer and fluorescently labeled protein printed on the surface, which differ in vertical position by only tens of nm. Preliminary experiments that test theoretical models for the fluorescence-collection factor near a high refractive index surface are presented, and this factor is incorporated into a semiquantitative model used to predict the contrast of the 40-nm bead/protein system. These results demonstrate that it should be possible to profile the vertical location of fluorophores on the nm distance scale in real time, opening the possibility of many experiments at the interface between supported membranes and living cells. Improvements in materials and optical techniques are outlined.
A mathematical simulation of Asian options on the Tokyo Grain Exchange

Financial derivatives have had a phenomenal growth in trading and research in the last three decades. New markets, with niche products have created interesting trading opportunities. The Tokyo Grain Exchange created a non-GMO soybean futures market in 2001, yet have delayed in creating an options market to accompany the futures contract. The non-GMO soybean market is thinly traded and has possible price manipulations. Also the market suffers from high volatility. Therefore an exotic derivative could benefit this market highly. Through mathematically simulation two Asian (averaging) rate options are compared through measures of dispersion to the Black-Scholes option and the futures market. The research proves that averaging rate options consistently had lower income volatility as well as increased stability in yearly fluctuations over the actual futures contract. This study has also displayed that thinly traded markets can have large variances in the futures price near-contract maturation. Lastly the study has shown with the high fluctuation in soybean prices near contract maturity, an averaging rate options can help protect against possible market manipulation.
Monolithic integration of microstrip line couplers for automotive radar applications at 77 GHz using a Si-HBT technology

A branch-line, rat-race and a reduced-size branch-line coupler have been realized in a modern SiGe:C bipolar technology for application in automotive radar systems at 77 GHz. The paper describes the design methodology of passive circuits on lossy Si-based substrate up to 110 GHz and gives measurement results of the manufactured circuits.
1 Quality assessment of Crowdsourced Data ( CSD ) 2 using semantics and Geographical Information 3 Retrieval ( GIR ) techniques 4

12 Crowdsourced Data (CSD) generated by citizens is becoming more popular as its potential 13 utilisation in many applications is increasing due to its currency and availability. However, the 14 quality of CSD, including its relevance, is often questioned as the data is not generated by 15 professionals nor follows standard data collection procedures. The quality of CSD can be assessed 16 according to a range of attributes including its relevance. Information relevance has been explored 17 through using in Geographic Information Retrieval (GIR) techniques to identify relevant 18 information. This research tested a relevance assessment approach for CSD by adapting relevance 19 assessment techniques available in the GIR domain. The thematic and geographic relevance were 20 assessed using the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Vector Space Model 21 (VSM) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. The thematic and geographic 22 specificities of the queries were calculated as 0.44 and 0.67 respectively, which indicates the queries 23 used were more geographically specific than thematically specific. The Spearman's rho value of 0.62 24 indicated that the final ranked relevance lists showed reasonable agreement with a manually 25 classified list and confirmed the potential of the approach for CSD relevance assessment for other 26 possible crowdsourced data analysis. 27
Occurrence and genetic diversity of piroplasms and other apicomplexa in wild carnivores

Tick-borne apicomplexan haemoparasites infect wild and domestic animals, but studies on their distribution among freeliving animals are comparatively fewer. Tissues from 241 wild carnivores of eightMustelidae, two Canidae, one Viverridae and one Felidae species were collected in Northern Spain, and analysed by real-time PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene and sequencing. Babesia vulpes (formerly known as Theileria annae) was the only piroplasm detected in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Badgers (Meles meles) were shown to harbour two novel Babesia sp. sequence types (A and B) that only shared 96.7% homology between them and were closely related (ca. 97–98%) to, but distinct from B. vulpes and other babesia from carnivores. Analysis of PCR-derived sequences also revealed the presence of Cystoisospora sp. and Hepatozoon sp. in badgers and showed that wild cats (Felis silvestris catus) were infected with Cytauxzoon sp. Forty-two per cent of the animals subjected to a detailed external examination were parasitized by ixodid ticks, being Ixodes hexagonus and Ixodes ricinus the most abundant species. This study provided novel data on the different haemoparasites that can infect European wild carnivores and showed that they can be hosts for a range of haemoparasites and pose a potential risk for transmission to domestic animals.
Differential uniformity and the associated codes of cryptographic functions

The associated codes of almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions have been widely studied. In this paper, we consider more generally the codes associated with functions that have differential uniformity at least \begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document} . We emphasize, for such a function \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} , the role of codewords of weight \begin{document}$ 3 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document} and of some cosets of its associated code \begin{document}$ C_F $\end{document} . We give some properties on codes associated with differential uniformity exactly \begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document} . We obtain lower bounds and upper bounds for the numbers of codewords of weight less than \begin{document}$ 5 $\end{document} of the codes \begin{document}$ C_F $\end{document} . We show that the nonlinearity of \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} decreases when these numbers increase. We obtain a precise expression to compute these numbers, when \begin{document}$ F $\end{document} is a plateaued or a differentially two-valued function. As an application, we propose a method to construct differentially \begin{document}$ 4 $\end{document} -uniform functions, with a large number of \begin{document}$ 2 $\end{document} -to- \begin{document}$ 1 $\end{document} derivatives, from APN functions.
Fluoride Fiber-Optic SPR Sensor With Graphene and NaF Layers: Analysis of Accuracy, Sensitivity, and Specificity in Near Infrared

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fluoride fiber-optic sensor with graphene and sodium fluoride layers is simulated and analyzed in near infrared (NIR) for detection of alcohols. Through this paper, the fluoride fiber has been employed for the first time in SPR sensing application. The proposed fiber optic sensor is analyzed under angular interrogation method, which is based on on-axis launching of monochromatic light into the fiber core at varying angle followed by measuring the power transmitted through the SPR probe region. The sensor’s specificity towards alcohols plus a significantly increased sensitivity and accuracy are ensured by a polythiophene layer. The results indicate that longer NIR wavelength (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) provides superior sensing performance. Further, the proposed sensor’s performance can be significantly enhanced by tuning the chemical potential (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of graphene monolayer. In summary, monochromatic light of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda = 1550$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.65~ \text {eV} < \mu < 0.70$ </tex-math></inline-formula> eV provides substantially high performance in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and figure of merit. The proposed sensor has the capability to provide significantly better performance than previously-reported SPR sensors.
Interferon‐γ maintains the binding and functional capacity of receptors for IL‐8 on cultured human T cells

The neutrophil chemotactic cytokine, IL‐8, has been reported to also chemoattract T lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo. Previously we showed that freshly isolated T cells migrated in response to IL‐8, but incubation of T cells at 37 °C resulted in progressively decreased levels of IL‐8 binding sites on T cells in association with reduced chemotactic responses. However, this reduced binding and migration of cultured T cells in response to IL‐8 can be prevented by the presence of mononuclear cells in the culture. In order to define the factor(s) responsible for the restoration of T cell binding and migration in response to IL‐8, we examined the effects of various cytokines. Addition of IFN‐γ in cultured T cells maintained both the CXC chemokine receptor CXCR1 and CXCR2 binding sites for IL‐8 on these cells to the level comparable to that expressed on freshly purified T cells accompanied by an almost complete restoration of their chemotactic response to IL‐8. The results suggest that Th1 cytokine, IFN‐γ, produced by mononuclear cells stimulated by proinflammatory signals may play an important role in regulating IL‐8 receptor expression on T cells and in sustaining the function of these cells in response to IL‐8.
Travel time estimation method for urban road based on traffic stream directions

ABSTRACT Traffic flow on a given link in an urban road network can be divided into several traffic streams, depending on their turning manoeuvres when entering and leaving the link. These traffic streams may experience various travel times due to multiple reasons, such as fluctuations in traffic demand/supply and stochastic arrivals/departures at signalised intersections. However, the current travel time estimation methods take traffic flow as a whole and produce a single estimation value. This approach can produce large errors. Furthermore, given the travel time information of each traffic stream, the results of dynamic traffic assignment models can be made much more accurate and the effect of signal controls improved. In this paper, a comparison analysis is conducted to verify the significant difference in link travel times of different traffic streams. Then, link travel time is redefined in consideration of traffic stream directions. This process is also successful in filtering noise, as shown in the numerical experiments. In addition, existing estimation methods cannot reflect real values or fluctuations of travel times in sampling intervals without any valid observational data. To solve this problem, a regression model is built and integrated into the travel time estimation model. Error analysis of several links on two different days demonstrates the improvements made by the model.
Analog Neuromorphic System Based on Multi Input Floating Gate MOS Neuron Model

This paper introduces a novel implementation of the low-power analog artificial neural network (ANN) using Multiple Input Floating Gate MOS (MIFGMOS) transistor for machine learning applications. The number of inputs to a neuron in an ANN is the major bottleneck in building a large scale analog system. The proposed MIFGMOS transistor enables to build a large scale system by combining multiple inputs in a single transistor with a small silicon footprint. Here, we show the MIFGMOS based implementation of the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) architecture using the receptive field approach with transistor operating in the sub-threshold region. The MIFGMOS produces output current as a function of the weighted combination of the voltage applied to its gate terminals. In the ELM architecture, the weights between the input and the hidden layer are random and this allows exploiting the random device mismatch due to the fabrication process, for building Integrated Circuits (IC) based on ELM architecture. Thus, we use implicit random weights present due to device mismatch, and there is no need to store the input weights. We have verified our architecture using circuit simulations on regression and various classification problems such as on the MNIST data-set and a few UCI data-sets. The proposed MIFGMOS enables combining multiple inputs in a single transistor and will thus pave the way to build large scale deep learning neural networks.