Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Compositional Approach to Network Algorithms

We present elements of a typing theory for flow networks, where "types", "typings", and "type inference" are formulated in terms of familiar notions from polyhedral analysis and convex optimization. Based on this typing theory, we develop an alternative approach to the design and analysis of network algorithms, which we illustrate by applying it to the max-flow problem in multiple-source, multiple-sink, capacited directed planar graphs.
EVALUATION OF CHLORIDE ION PENETRATION METHODS IN CONCRETE WITH RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATE AND RICE HUSK

The use of recycled concrete aggregate as replacement of natural aggregate has been gaining increased attention due to the vast amounts of non-renewable raw materials used globally for concrete production. However, it has been shown that such recycled aggregate can increase concrete permeability and thus reduce its durability. Rice husk ash has been employed as a supplementary material in Portland cement concrete to enhance concrete sustainability and durability. The aim of this research was to study the influence of rice husk ash on the chloride penetration in concrete made with recycled concrete aggregate. Recycled concrete aggregate was used in amounts of 25% and 50% (as replacement of natural aggregate), while rice husk ash was employed as partial replacement of Portland cement in 10% and 20% rates. The materials’ resistance to chloride ingress was tested with the ASTM C1202 test method and with the NT Build 492 method, an alternative test has gained increased acceptance for being less aggressive than the still widely-used but often criticized ASTM procedure. The best performance was obtained in concrete with 50% of recycled concrete aggregate and 20% of rice husk ash. This concrete had its resistance against chloride ingress improved in average 91% when tested according to the ASTM C1202 and 64% when tested by the NT Build 492 method, as compared to concrete produced with 50% of recycled concrete aggregate without rice husk ash.
Masquerade Detection Using a Taxonomy-Based Multinomial Modeling Approach in UNIX Systems

Abstract : This paper presents one-class Hellinger distance-based and one-class SVM modeling techniques that use a set of features to reveal user intent. The specific objective is to model user command profiles and detect deviations indicating a masquerade attack. The approach aims to model user intent, rather than only modeling sequences of user issued commands. We hypothesize that each individual user will search in a targeted and limited fashion in order to find information germane to their current task. Masqueraders, on the other hand, will likely not know the file system and layout of another user's desktop, and would likely search more extensively and broadly. Hence, modeling a user search behavior to detect deviations may more accurately detect masqueraders. To that end, we extend prior research that uses UNIX command sequences issued by users as the audit source by relying upon an abstraction of commands. We devised a taxonomy of UNIX commands that is used to abstract command sequences. The experimental results show that the approach does not lose information and performs comparably to or slightly better than the modeling approach based on simple UNIX command frequencies.
STRESS- STRAIN RELATIONSHIP FOR THE CONFINED CONCRETE

The mechanical behaviour of the confined concrete is characterized by the increase in strength and ductility. The magnitude of the increase is established by various confinement parameters such as the compressive strength of the concrete, the volumetric, the diameter and the configuration and the strength of the ties, the ration and the diameter of the longitudinal bars and the section geometry. There have been many attempts to describe the stress-strain relation of confined concrete. Sheikh and Yeh [1] made analytical and experimental studies on the mechanism of confined. They introduced the concept of the effectively confined concrete area and presented the stress-strain relations of confined concrete. Mander and al. [2] proposed a stress-strain relation of confined concrete with according the confinement effects to the various configurations of lateral ties. Park and al. [3] proposed a modified stress-strain relation. Heo-Soo and al. [4] proposed a stress-strain curve of laterally confined concrete with according the confinement effects to various parameters. But all these models are limited by transverse steel percentages.
Locational and Internal Sources of Firm Competitive Advantage : Applying Porter’s Diamond Model at the Firm Level

This paper employs Porter’s diamond model to examine the relationships between a firm’s locational environment, its innovation capabilities, and competitive advantage assessed in terms of various performance indicators. This study implements a structural equation model that is estimated with the partial least squares (PLS) approach using a sample of 2,345 East German firms. This investigation shows that a high frequency of cooperation spurs firm innovativeness and performance, but that a strong focus on local demand impedes both. Various types of governmental support as well as the quality of locational factors tend to be more important for less innovative companies compared to the more innovative ones. The results indicate that strong local competition is an impediment to firm innovativeness and performance with conflicts which Porter’s prediction.
First clinical experience in carbon ion scanning beam therapy: retrospective analysis of patient positional accuracy

Our institute has constructed a new treatment facility for carbon ion scanning beam therapy. The first clinical trials were successfully completed at the end of November 2011. To evaluate patient setup accuracy, positional errors between the reference Computed Tomography (CT) scan and final patient setup images were calculated using 2D-3D registration software. Eleven patients with tumors of the head and neck, prostate and pelvis receiving carbon ion scanning beam treatment participated. The patient setup process takes orthogonal X-ray flat panel detector (FPD) images and the therapists adjust the patient table position in six degrees of freedom to register the reference position by manual or auto- (or both) registration functions. We calculated residual positional errors with the 2D-3D auto-registration function using the final patient setup orthogonal FPD images and treatment planning CT data. Residual error averaged over all patients in each fraction decreased from the initial to the last treatment fraction [1.09 mm/0.76° (averaged in the 1st and 2nd fractions) to 0.77 mm/0.61° (averaged in the 15th and 16th fractions)]. 2D-3D registration calculation time was 8.0 s on average throughout the treatment course. Residual errors in translation and rotation averaged over all patients as a function of date decreased with the passage of time (1.6 mm/1.2° in May 2011 to 0.4 mm/0.2° in December 2011). This retrospective residual positional error analysis shows that the accuracy of patient setup during the first clinical trials of carbon ion beam scanning therapy was good and improved with increasing therapist experience.
3-18-2019 Precision of Parameter Estimation in Quantum Metrology

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Functional Genomic Analysis of Three Nitrogenase Isozymes in the Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris

ABSTRACT The photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris is one of just a few prokaryotes described so far that has vnf and anf genes for alternative vanadium cofactor (V) and iron cofactor (Fe) nitrogenases in addition to nif genes for a molybdenum cofactor (Mo) nitrogenase. Transcriptome data indicated that the 32 genes in the nif gene cluster, but not the anf or vnf genes, were induced in wild-type and Mo nitrogenase-expressing strains grown under nitrogen-fixing conditions in Mo-containing medium. Strains that were unable to express a functional Mo nitrogenase due to mutations in Mo nitrogenase structural genes synthesized functional V and Fe nitrogenases and expressed vnf and anf genes in nitrogen-fixing growth media that contained Mo and V at concentrations far in excess of those that repress alternative nitrogenase gene expression in other bacteria. Thus, not only does R. palustris have multiple enzymatic options for nitrogen fixation, but in contrast to reports on other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the expression of its alternative nitrogenases is not repressed by transition metals. Between 95 and 295 genes that are not directly associated with nitrogenase synthesis and assembly were induced under nitrogen-fixing conditions, depending on which nitrogenase was being used by R. palustris. Genes for nitrogen acquisition were expressed at particularly high levels during alternative nitrogenase-dependent growth. This suggests that alternative nitrogenase-expressing cells are relatively starved for nitrogen and raises the possibility that fixed nitrogen availability may be the primary signal that controls the synthesis of the V and Fe nitrogenases.
The Impact of Servant Leadership on Job Satisfaction

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Servant Leadership on a workplace related outcome (job satisfaction) at a private University in Atlanta, Georgia. The ten characteristics of Servant Leadership previously identified by Greenleaf (1977) and Spears (1998) played a significant role in job satisfaction. Other researchers (Laub, 1999; Barbuto & Wheeler, 2006; Sendjaya et al., 2008) have also contributed in the deeper understanding of Servant Leadership in the workplace. While contributing to this body of work, this research utilized Barbuto and Wheeler’s (2006) instrument, Servant Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ), and Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) developed by Davis et al. (1967) in identifying the relationship between servant leadership and job satisfaction among faculty and non-faculty employees. The research found that Servant Leadership contributed to a satisfied workforce.
The scalable commutativity rule: designing scalable software for multicore processors

What fundamental opportunities for multicore scalability are latent in software interfaces, such as system call APIs? Can scalability opportunities be identified even before any implementation exists, simply by considering interface specifications? To answer these questions this dissertation introduces the scalable commutativity rule:Whenever interface operations commute, they can be implemented in a way that scales. This rule aids developers in building scalablemulticore software starting with interface design and carrying on through implementation, testing, and evaluation. This dissertation formalizes the scalable commutativity rule and defines a novel form of commutativity named SIM commutativity that makes it possible to fruitfully apply the rule to complex and highly stateful software interfaces. To help developers apply the rule, this dissertation introduces an automated method embodied in a new tool named Commuter, which accepts high-level interface models, generates tests of operations that commute and hence could scale, and uses these tests to systematically evaluate the scalability of implementations.We apply Commuter to amodel of 18 POSIX file and virtual memory system operations. Using the resulting 26,238 scalability tests, Commuter systematically pinpoints many problems in the Linux kernel that past work has observed to limit application scalability and identifies previously unknown bottlenecks that may be triggered by future hardware or workloads. Finally, this dissertation applies the scalable commutativity rule and Commuter to the design and implementation of a new POSIX-like operating system named sv6. sv6’s novel file and virtual memory system designs enable it to scale for 99% of the tests generated by Commuter. These results translate to linear scalability on an 80-core x86 machine for applications built on sv6’s commutative operations. Thesis Supervisor:M. Frans Kaashoek Title: Charles Piper Professor of Computer Science and Engineering Thesis Supervisor: Nickolai Zeldovich Title: Associate Professor
Climate reconstruction using ‘Pseudoproxies’

We test the performance of proxy‐based climate field reconstruction methods using sets of synthetic proxy climate indicators. ‘Pseudoproxies’ are constructed through the degradation of instrumental surface temperature data by additive noise with variable statistical properties. Experiments are performed using pseudoproxy networks of varying spatial and seasonal representation and with varying noise attributes. Implications for sampling strategies for improved paleoclimate reconstructions are discussed.
TWO-COMPONENT MODEL FOR CHEMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE GALACTIC DISK

In the present paper, we introduce a two-component model of the Galactic disk to investigate its chemical evolu- tion. It is assumed that the formation of the thick and thin disks occurs in two main accretion episodes with both infall rates being Gaussian. Both the pre-thin and post-thin scenarios for the formation of the thick disk are considered. The best fit is obtained through 2 -test between the models and the new ob- served metallicity distribution function of G dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood (Hou et al. 1998). Our results show that, the predictions of both the pre-thin and post-thin model agree well with the new observed G-dwarf metallicity distribution, i.e., it is difficult to conclude which one is better when based on current observational constraints. However, the present-day local den- sity of the thick disk, required for the pre-thin model to get the best fit, is larger than most of results from star counts, yet this disagreement does not exist for the post-thin model. From this point of view, it would seem that the post-thin model is more viable. Finally, other comparisons between model predictions and observations are given.
Comparison of autoregressive and multitaperspectral analysis for long time seriesImola

The periodogram (i.e., the square of the Fourier transform) of a time series generally provides a poor estimate of the spectrum if that spectrum has a wide dynamic range. So the spectrum of any process that includes either one or many resonant modes (sharp peaks) can be expected to be poorly computed by such elementary means. Multitaper spectral analysis is a nonparametric method designed to provide a rigorous method of resolving the spectrum of such complex processes. There are some practical diiculties with this method, such as deciding what tapers to use and how many, that can make the method some what diicult for the uninitiated user. Another approach to spectral analysis is the parametric method known as autoregressive (AR) analysis (related but not identical to maximum en-tropy spectral analysis). AR analysis can be used to approximate the dominant modes in the spectrum, remove them from the time series and thus prewhiten the remaining time series, thereby eliminating the main problem with analysis based on the periodogram. Furthermore, if the main purpose of the spectral analysis is to determine the number and location of the modes, the AR method provides a set of parameters that can be used to describe the mode structure if desired. The present paper provides a set of examples comparing the use of both the multitaper method and the autoregressive method for analyzing the same (long) time series data. We nd that both methods give very comparable results in these examples, thus providing a type of empirical cross-validation showing that both methods are therefore doing an excellent job of estimating the true spectrum of the time series.
Optimal volume anomaly detection in network traffic flows

Optimal detection of unusual and significant changes in network Origin-Destination (OD) traffic volumes from simple link load measurements is considered in the paper. The ambient traffic, i.e. the OD traffic matrix corresponding to the non-anomalous network state, is unknown and it is considered here as a nuisance parameter because it can mask the anomalies. Since the OD traffic matrix is not recoverable from simple link load measurements, the anomaly detection is an ill-posed decision-making problem. The method proposed in this paper consists of finding a linear parsimonious model of ambient traffic (nuisance parameter) and detecting anomalies by using an invariant detection algorithm based on a separation of the measurement space into disjoint subspaces corresponding to normal and anomalous network traffic. The method's ability to detect anomalies is evaluated in real traffic from Abilene, a United States backbone network. The theoretically expected results are confirmed.
Developing a Cross-media System to Facilitate Question-Driven Digital Annotations on Paper Textbooks

Research on note taking in pedagogical settings has received considerable attention. However, the awkwardness of integrating information across different media formats may present physical and cognitive barriers that prevent students from effectively organizing annotations from both printed and digital content while studying paper textbooks. The purpose of this paper is to develop a cross-media annotation system that incorporates a paper textbook with a computer as an integrated whole to facilitate the question-driven organization of annotations. While taking notes, students can digitally extract printed text and organize the copied passages based on guiding questions, all by using digital pens. Students can also link Internet-based learning resources to printed content to supplement their print-based studies. A user-based formative evaluation was conducted to assess the new functions of the cross-media annotation system and to explore their influence on students’ notetaking behavior and performance. The results show that the new functions may facilitate the retention of key concepts of the paper textbooks and may improve knowledge construction based on explicit learning goals.
The UNB-RISC16 Object File Format

An object file format is the file format with the logic level closest to any hardware platform. This format is designed with the main objective of providing formatted binary machine code for execution and linkage of programs. In the case of the UNB-RISC16 processor, the object file format must provide a pattern that favors the efficiency of memory space required. This is needed because the UNB-RISC16 only has a limited size of 64KB of RAM memory. This work presents the design of a compact executable and linkable file format along with its tools for the UNB-RISC16 processor. Results show that the proposed format is able to save some space by stripping unnecessary information for embedded applications and by optimizing the linking process.
PLC-γ2 is essential for formation and maintenance of memory B cells

Resting antigen-experienced memory B cells are thought to be responsible for the more rapid and robust antibody responses after antigen reencounter, which are the hallmark of memory humoral responses. The molecular basis for the development and survival of memory B cells remains largely unknown. We report that phospholipase C (PLC) gamma2 is required for efficient formation of germinal center (GC) and memory B cells. Moreover, memory B cell homeostasis is severely hampered by inducible loss of PLC-gamma2. Accordingly, mice with a conditional deletion of PLC-gamma2 in post-GC B cells had an almost complete abrogation of the secondary antibody response. Collectively, our data suggest that PLC-gamma2 conveys a survival signal to GC and memory B cells and that this signal is required for a productive secondary immune response.
An Experimental Study on Icing Physics for Wind Turbine Icing Mitigation

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the dynamic ice accretion process over the surface of a wind turbine blade with DU96-W-180 airfoil profile in order to elucidate the underlying physics for wind turbine icing mitigation. The experimental study was conducted in the Icing Research Tunnel of Iowa State University (ISU-IRT). Six test cases with three typical liquid water content (LWC) levels (i.e., LWC =0.3 g/m 3 , 1.1 g/m 3 , and 3.0 g/m 3 ) and two typical oncoming airflow temperatures (i.e., T∞ = -5 o C, and -10 o C) were selected to represent rime icing, mixed icing and glaze icing conditions that wind turbines may experience in winter. In addition to using a high-speed imaging system to quantify the transient behavior of surface water runback and dynamic ice accretion processes over the airfoil surface, an infrared (IR) thermal imaging system was also utilized to simultaneously measure the airfoil surface temperature distributions in the course of the ice accreting process. The measurement results reveal clearly that, both the length of the surface water/ice film formed near the airfoil leading edge and the subsequent water/ice rivulet length would increase as the liquid water content level and the temperature of the oncoming airflow increase. The thickness of the ice accreted at the airfoil leading edge was found to grow rapidly with the increasing liquid water content level and decreasing oncoming airflow temperature for both glaze and mixed icing test cases. The temperature distribution over the airfoil surface was also found to vary significantly, depending on the type of ice accreted over the airfoil surface. A stream-wise ‘plateau’ region was observed in the measured surface temperature distributions for the glaze and mixed icing cases, due to the formation of surface water runback over the ice accreting airfoil surface.
Mindfulness based interventions for children

Kabat-Zinn et al introduced mindfulness, a concept and technique borrowed from Buddhist meditation practices, to the field of psychotherapy. It is defined as the " the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and non-judgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment to moment " (1). Unlike other forms of meditation that emphasize distancing oneself from the present to reach a higher state of consciousness, mindfulness stresses upon a fuller awareness of, and thus a greater involvement with, the present moment. The fuller awareness incorporates all visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile, cognitive and emotional information available to consciousness at that moment (2). Further, all occurrences are observed but not judged, i.e. they are not given labels like good or bad, healthy or sick, important or trivial, etc. (3). The seemingly complex task of being mindful requires regular practice, and it has oft been said that psychotherapists must first become adept in mindfulness themselves, before being able to effectively use it with their clients. Steven Hayes has placed mindfulness, along with acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), under the 'new or third wave Cognitive Behavior Therapy'. These newer therapies aim to change the meaning of psychological events (thoughts) that people experience, rather than change the events themselves (4). Instead of restructuring, mindfulness encourages a person to regard troublesome thoughts