Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mitochondrial hinge protein, UQCRH, is a novel prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma

Alterations in mitochondrial respiration contribute to the development and progression of cancer via abnormal biogenesis, including generation of reactive oxygen species. Ubiquinol–cytochrome c reductase hinge protein (UQCRH) consists of the cytochrome bc1 complex serving respiration in mitochondria. In the present study, we analyzed UQCRH abnormalities in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with clinical outcomes of patients. UQCRH expression in HCC was determined via semiquantitative and quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of 96 surgically resected HCC tissues positive for hepatitis B virus surface antigen. UQCRH was frequently overexpressed in HCC tissues (46.8%, based on 2.1‐fold cutoff). UQCRH overexpression was observed in HCCs with larger tumor size, poorer differentiation, or vascular invasion. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significantly shorter overall (P = 0.005) and recurrence‐free survival (P = 0.027) in patients with tumors overexpressing UQCRH. The prognostic impact of UQCRH was significant in subgroups of patients divided according to the α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level. The patient subgroup with higher AFP levels (≥20 ng/mL) exhibited significant differences in 5‐year overall (18.5% vs. 67.9%) and recurrence‐free survival rates (11.1% vs. 46.4%) between groups with and without UQCRH overexpression. In contrast, no marked survival differences were observed between subgroups with lower AFP levels (<20 ng/mL). Multivariate analysis defined UQCRH as an independent poor prognostic factor. Conclusively, our results indicate that UQCRH overexpression is correlated with poor outcomes of HCC patients. Furthermore, in patients grouped as high risk based on elevated AFP, lack of UQCRH overexpression could be a useful indicator for clinical treatment.
Bis(cyclohexylammonium) terephthalate

In the title molecular salt, 2C6H11NH3 +·C8H4O4 2−, the terephthalate dianion is close to being planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.049 Å). In the crystal, the cations and anions are linked by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into (010) sheets. Of the four terephthalate O atoms, two accept two hydrogen bonds each and two accept one hydrogen bond each.
Influence of Substrate Parameters on the Characteristics and Dimensions of the Filter with Microstrip Spiral Resonators

In modern radio systems frequency-selective microwave devices are widely used, a lot of them are microstrip bandpass filters. In this paper the filter is implemented with two identical rectangular spiral resonators. Using such resonators a filter having a relatively small size can be obtained. The influence of the substrate parameters on the size and characteristics of the frequency-selective device are provided. All filters are obtained as a result of computer modeling and are operable with good frequency selective.
A Brief Survey of Variables That Influence Random-Generation

It is argued that the fact that human Ss ace incapable of generating a random series of selections from a finite number of alternatives is a function of the limitation imposed on Ss by the capacity of short-term memory. A short review of the experimental literature on randomizing-behavior suggests that this is possibly the most economical description of such behavior now available. Experiments which would help to explore further the role of short-term memory in randomizing-behavior are briefly indicated.
Global Gene Profiling of Laser-Captured Pollen Mother Cells Indicates Molecular Pathways and Gene Subfamilies Involved in Rice Meiosis1[W][OA]

Pollen mother cells (PMCs) represent a critical early stage in plant sexual reproduction in which the stage is set for male gamete formation. Understanding the global molecular genetics of this early meiotic stage has so far been limited to whole stamen or floret transcriptome studies, but since PMCs are a discrete population of cells in developmental synchrony, they provide the potential for precise transcriptome analysis and for enhancing our understanding of the transition to meiosis. As a step toward identifying the premeiotic transcriptome, we performed microarray analysis on a homogenous population of rice (Oryza sativa) PMCs isolated by laser microdissection and compared them with those of tricellular pollen and seedling. Known meiotic genes, including OsSPO11-1, PAIR1, PAIR2, PAIR3, OsDMC1, OsMEL1, OsRAD21-4, OsSDS, and ZEP1, all showed preferential expression in PMCs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways significantly enriched in PMC-preferential genes are DNA replication and repair pathways. Our genome-wide survey showed that, in the buildup to meiosis, PMCs accumulate the molecular machinery for meiosis at the mRNA level. We identified 1,158 PMC-preferential genes and suggested candidate genes and pathways involved in meiotic recombination and meiotic cell cycle control. Regarding the developmental context for meiosis, the DEF-like, AGL2-like, and AGL6-like subclades of MADS box transcription factors are PMC-preferentially expressed, the trans-zeatin type of cytokinin might be preferentially synthesized, and the gibberellin signaling pathway is likely active in PMCs. The ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway is enriched in the 127 genes that are expressed in PMCs but not in tricellular pollen or seedling.
Nonlinear control of a bidirectional dc-dc converter operating with boost-type Constant-Power Loads

In order to address the voltage control problem in a dc distribution system (dc-microgrid) with renewable sources and energy storage devices, in this paper we propose a new Sliding Mode Controller for a dc-dc bidirectional power converter to control the dc bus voltage under instantaneous Constant Power Loads (CPLs). This type of loads introduce a destabilizing nonlinear effect on the converter through an inverse voltage term that can lead to significant oscillations in the dc bus voltage. A simplified scheme based on two cascaded converters was considered to validate the proposed voltage controller. Simulation and experimental results are shown to verify the performance of the proposed controller.
28-nm FD-SOI Dual-Port SRAM with MSB-Based Inversion Logic for Low-Power Deep Learning

This paper presents low-power and low-energy 8T dual-port SRAM with a novel MSB-based (most-significant-bit-based) inversion logic for an image processor such a deep-learning processor. Our proposed SRAM is suitable for real-time and low-power image processing, in which data have statistical correlation and data bit reordering are exploited. The proposed MSB-based inversion logic eliminates an additional flag bit in a majority logic; the MSB digit in an input datum judges whether or not to invert the datum. Thus, the area overhead of 12.5% for the 8-bit conventional majority logic is dramatically saved. The area overhead of the proposed SRAM is merely 0.6% for the MSB-based inversion logic. We verified that, with the proposed technique, 14.76% of total energy can be saved in a 28-nm 64-kb FD-SOI SRAM when a set of images are read out. Furthermore, the saving factor is extended to 17.31% when image processing in the VGG-F convolutional neural network (CNN) is considered, where 304.81 fJ/cycle in the read operation is achieved.
Approaching the prevalence of the full spectrum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a South African population-based study.

BACKGROUND The prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) were determined in this fourth study of first-grade children in a South African community. METHODS Active case ascertainment methods were employed among 747 first-grade pupils. The detailed characteristics of children within the continuum of FASD are contrasted with randomly selected, normal controls on (i) physical growth and dysmorphology; (ii) cognitive/behavioral characteristics; and (iii) maternal risk factors. RESULTS The rates of specific diagnoses within the FASD spectrum continue to be among the highest reported in any community in the world. The prevalence (per 1,000) is as follows: fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)-59.3 to 91.0; partial fetal alcohol syndrome (PFAS)-45.3 to 69.6; and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND)-30.5 to 46.8. The overall rate of FASD is therefore 135.1 to 207.5 per 1,000 (or 13.6 to 20.9%). Clinical profiles of the physical and cognitive/behavioral traits of children with a specific FASD diagnosis and controls are provided for understanding the full spectrum of FASD in a community. The spectral effect is evident in the characteristics of the diagnostic groups and summarized by the total (mean) dysmorphology scores of the children: FAS = 18.9; PFAS = 14.3; ARND = 12.2; and normal controls, alcohol exposed = 8.2 and unexposed = 7.1. Documented drinking during pregnancy is significantly correlated with verbal (r = -0.253) and nonverbal ability (r = -0.265), negative behaviors (r = 0.203), and total dysmorphology score (r = 0.431). Other measures of drinking during pregnancy are significantly associated with FASD, including binge drinking as low as 3 drinks per episode on 2 days of the week. CONCLUSIONS High rates of specific diagnoses within FASD were well documented in this new cohort of children. FASD persists in this community. The data reflect an increased ability to provide accurate and discriminating diagnoses throughout the continuum of FASD.
Phase-change-memory-based storage elements for configurable logic

Back-end-of-line non-volatile resistive memories like Phase Change Memories (PCMs) are promising to solve memory issues in different architectures. In this paper, we investigate the usage of PCM to build an elementary configuration memory node for reconfigurable logic, such as Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). We propose an elementary circuit realized by 2 resistive memories and 1 programming transistor able to store a configuration voltage. We investigate the proposed node in terms of area and write time and we assess its impact on complex circuits. We show that the elementary memory node yields an improvement in area and write time of 1.5x and 16x respectively vs. a regular Flash implementation. Implemented in FPGAs, the memory node yields a delay reduction up to 51%, thanks to the reduction of dimensions and low on-resistance of PCMs.
Gestation length and birth weight in cattle and buffaloes: a review.

Abstract The present review of literature summarizes in table form the available information about gestation length and birth weight in cattle and buffaloes. Both gestation length and birth weight vary greatly among breeds. In cattle, Aberdeen Angus seem to have the shortest gestation length (273 days) and Brown Swiss the longest (292 days), whereas buffaloes have gestation lengths of over 300 days. Younger cows generally have calves of lighter weight, whereas the evidence of the influnce of age on length of gestation is more divided. In almost all cases male calves are heavier than female calves, but sex of the calf has been found to have less or, in some cases, no influence on length of gestation. Most of the heritability estimates for gestation length vary from 0.25 to 0.50, whereas the heritability of birth weight is somewhat lower. There is a positive relationship between gestation length and birth weight.
The triterpenoid fraction from Trichosanthes dioica root exhibits in vitro antileishmanial effect against Leishmania donovani promastigotes

Background: Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae), called pointed gourd in English is a dioecious climber found wild throughout the plains of the Indian subcontinent and traditionally used in India for several medicinal purposes. Objective: The present study was aimed at the evaluation of in vitro antileishmanial effect of triterpenoid fraction from T. dioica root (CETD). Materials and Methods: The antileishmanial activity of CETD was evaluated against Leishmania donovani (strain MHOM/IN/83/AG83)) promastigotes by in vitro promastigote cell toxicity assay by using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide). Potassium antimonyl tartrate was used as reference. Results: Here, CETD markedly inhibited the growth of L. donovani promastigotes in vitro in a concentration dependent manner and demonstrated IC50 value of 18.75 μg/ml. The reference drug potassium antimonyl tartrate exhibited IC50 of 7.52 μg/ml. Conclusion: From the present study it can be inferred that the triterpenoid fraction of T. dioica root exhibited remarkable antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro.
Multicenter Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Study for Identification of Clinically Relevant Nocardia spp

ABSTRACT This multicenter study analyzed Nocardia spp. , including extraction, spectral acquisition, Bruker matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identification, and score interpretation, using three Nocardia libraries, the Bruker, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and The Ohio State University (OSU) libraries, and compared the results obtained by each center. A standardized study protocol, 150 Nocardia isolates, and NIH and OSU Nocardia MALDI-TOF MS libraries were distributed to three centers. Following standardized culture, extraction, and MALDI-TOF MS analysis, isolates were identified using score cutoffs of ≥2.0 for species/species complex-level identification and ≥1.8 for genus-level identification. Isolates yielding a score of <2.0 underwent a single repeat extraction and analysis. The overall score range for all centers was 1.3 to 2.7 (average, 2.2 ± 0.3), with common species generally producing higher average scores than less common ones. Score categorization and isolate identification demonstrated 86% agreement between centers; 118 of 150 isolates were correctly identified to the species/species complex level by all centers. Nine strains (6.0%) were not identified by any center, and six (4.0%) of these were uncommon species with limited library representation. A categorical score discrepancy among centers occurred for 21 isolates (14.0%). There was an overall benefit of 21.2% from repeat extraction of low-scoring isolates and a center-dependent benefit for duplicate spotting (range, 2 to 8.7%). Finally, supplementation of the Bruker Nocardia MALDI-TOF MS library with both the OSU and NIH libraries increased the genus-level and species-level identification by 18.2% and 36.9%, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates the ability of diverse clinical microbiology laboratories to utilize MALDI-TOF MS for the rapid identification of clinically relevant Nocardia spp. and to implement MALDI-TOF MS libraries developed by single laboratories across institutions.
Isolation and Characterization of a New Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans from the Aliabad Copper Mine in Yazd Using 16s-23s Spacer Gene Nucleotide Sequencing Method

With the financial protection of National Iranian Copper Industries Company, the composition of bacterial populations in Aliabad copper mine was investigated by electron microscopy and by analysis of DNA obtained from bacteria after ores laboratory cultures. This analysis consisted of the characterization of the spacer regions between the 16 and 23s genes in the bacterial rRNA genetic loci after PCR amplification. The size of the spacer region amplified from DNAs obtained from samples, were compared with the sizes of that obtained from culture of the bioleaching bacterial reference (Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans DSMZ 583) and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer regions sequences in database. Further identification of the locale species was achieved by sequencing of the PCR product. The alignment result showed a great amount of similarity between the new bacteria and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans.
Overview of the TAC 2008 Update Summarization Task

The summarization track at the Text Analysis Conference (TAC) is a direct continuation of the Document Understanding Conference (DUC) series of workshops, focused on providing common data and evaluation framework for research in automatic summarization. In the TAC 2008 summarization track, the main task was to produce two 100-word summaries from two related sets of 10 documents, where the second summary was an update summary. While all of the 71 submitted runs were automatically scored with the ROUGE and BE metrics, NIST assessors manually evaluated only 57 of the submitted runs for readability, content, and overall responsiveness.
Very high resolution sar images over dense urban area

The ONERA RAMSES system is a flexible SAR system in constant evolution developed mainly as a test bench for new technologies and to provide specific data for target detection, recognition and identification (TDRI) algorithm evaluation. It is flown on a Transall C160, a twin engine transport aircraft, operated by the French test-flight centre (CEV). This paper gives an overview of the system, lists the latest upgrading (electronic and SAR processor) and presents recent acquisition campaign over an urban area in very high (around 10 cm) resolution mode and the first analysis of these SAR images. I. SYSTEM OVERVIEW The ONERA RAMSES system is an experimental synthetic aperture radar system designed for signal acquisition and recording under a wide spectrum of modes and frequencies. Signal processing and image synthesis is done off-line allowing for a large flexibility in the waveforms and operating modes (no processing hardware constraints). At present, available frequency bands range from 400 MHz (P-band) up to 95 GHz (W-band). Full polarimetric (switched transmit) modes are available in P, L, C and X bands. High resolution (10cm) in X, Ka and soon Ku bands. Along-track interferometry have been demonstrated in P- band (2 channels), L-band (3 channels), X-band (4 channels). Across-track (with passive or alternatively transmitting channels) is available in X and Ka bands. Simultaneous acquisitions (such as dual frequency bands) are possible (up to 4 to 8 channel × 2 alternating recording, depending on data rates) Signal can be recorded as ramp demodulated, frequency shifted and even direct digitising in the lower bands This impressive choice of operation mode is the consequence of the modular design of the system, in which high frequency front-ends are made for each frequency band, and a common signal generator, intermediate frequency and digitising/recording back-end is used. Antennae are stacked and positioned at an open side door of the aircraft after take-off, and pulled back before landing. Trajectory acquisition involves an inertial navigation unit (INU) used for quicklook synthesis and system guidance and a differential GPS hybridized inertial measurement unit (IMU)used for off-line post-processing of the final trajectory for image synthesis. Along with the GPS ground reference station, the ground team also deploys calibrating targets (corner reflectors, dihedrals, transponders or Luenberg lenses).
Fuzzy Adaptive Output Feedback Optimal Control Design for Strict-Feedback Nonlinear Systems

This paper investigates fuzzy adaptive output feedback optimal control problem for a class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems. With the help of fuzzy logic systems approximating the unknown nonlinear functions and cost function, the unmeasured states are estimated by designing fuzzy adaptive state observer. Combining state observer with backstepping design technique, a feedforward controller is designed. Based on the designed feedforward control strategy, the controlled nonlinear system can be converted to an equivalence nonlinear system in affine-form. Finally, a fuzzy adaptive optimal controller with parameters adaptive laws is developed. The whole control scheme consists of a feedforward controller and a feedback optimal controller. It is shown that the proposed output feedback optimal control approach can guarantee that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded, and the system output can track the reference signal. In addition, the proposed control approach can guarantee cost function is the smallest. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
The application of graphene oxide in drug delivery

Introduction: As a shining star in material science, graphene oxide (GO) and its derivatives possess potential applications in a variety of areas. Among them, the application of GO to drug delivery has attracted ever-increasing interest in the past few years. Areas covered: In this article, the authors summarize the latest progress of utilizing GO in the field of drug delivery. In particular, the functionalization of GO, cytotoxicity of GO and its derivatives, in vitro and in vivo drug delivery and the comparison with carbon nanotube-based delivery systems are discussed. Future perspectives and possible challenges in this emerging field are briefly described. Expert opinion: GO and its derivatives are highly attractive for the application to drug delivery due to their exceptional physiochemical properties and unique planar structure in spite of some existing challenges, such as the reproducibly smart functionalization of GO and the investigation of its long-term toxicology.
Fully digital 1-D, 2-D and 3-D multiscroll chaos as hardware pseudo random number generators

This paper introduces the first fully digital implementation of 1-D, 2-D and 3-D multiscroll chaos using the sawtooth nonlinearity in a 3rd order ODE with the Euler approximation. Systems indicate chaotic behaviour through phase space boundedness and positive Lyapunov exponent. Low-significance bits form a PRNG and pass all tests in the NIST SP. 800-22 suite without post-processing. Real-time control of the number of scrolls allows distinct output streams with 2-D and 3-D multiscroll chaos enabling greater controllability. The proposed PRNGs are experimentally verified on a Xilinx Virtex 4 FPGA with logic utilization less than 1.25%, throughput up to 5.25 Gbits/s and up to 512 distinct output streams with low cross-correlation.
DRAM-page based prediction and prefetching

This paper describes and evaluates DRAM-page based cache-line prediction and prefetching architecture. The scheme takes DRAM access timing into consideration in order to reduce prefetching overhead, amortizing the high cost of DRAM access by fetching two cache lines that reside on the same DRAM-page in a single access. On each DRAM access, one or two cache blocks may be prefetched. We combine three prediction mechanisms: history mechanism, stride, and one block lookahead, make them DRAM page sensitive and deploy them in an effective adaptive prefetching strategy. Our simulation shows that the prefetch mechanism can greatly improve system performance. Using a 32-KB prediction table cache, the prefetching scheme improves performance by 26%-55% on average over a baseline configuration, depending on the memory model. Moreover, the simulation shows that prefetching is more cost-effective than simply increasing L2-cache size or using a one block lookahead prefetching scheme. Simulation results also show that DRAM-page based prefetching yields higher relative performance as processors get faster, making the prefetching scheme more attractive for next generation processors.