Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Central Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding Potential and CBF Images on SPECT Correlate with Oxygen Extraction Fraction Images on PET in the Cerebral Cortex with Unilateral Major Cerebral Artery Occlusive Disease

Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a key predictor of stroke recurrence in patients with symptomatic major cerebral arterial occlusive disease. The purpose of the present study was to compare central benzodiazepine receptor binding potential (BRBP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) images on SPECT with OEF images on PET in patients with chronic unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) or internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusive disease. Methods: OEF, CBF, and BRBP were assessed using 15O PET and N-isopropyl-p-123I-iodoamphetamine and 123I-iomazenil SPECT, respectively, in 20 healthy subjects and in 34 patients with unilateral MCA or ICA occlusive disease. All images were transformed into the standard brain size and shape by linear and nonlinear transformation using statistical parametric mapping for anatomic standardization. A region of interest (ROI) was automatically placed according to the arterial supply using a 3-dimensional stereotactic ROI template, and the ratio of the value in the affected side to that in the contralateral side was calculated in each image. Results: Among patients with occlusive disease, a significant positive correlation was observed between PET OEF and SPECT BRBP/CBF ratios in 3 cerebral cortical regions (r = 0.851, P < 0.0001, for anterior cerebral artery [ACA] ROI; r = 0.807, P < 0.0001, for MCA ROI; and r = 0.774, P < 0.0001, for posterior cerebral artery [PCA] ROI), but there were no correlations between these 2 parameters in the basal ganglia or the cerebellum. When an abnormally elevated PET OEF ratio was defined as a value greater than the mean + 2 SDs obtained in healthy subjects, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 100% and 96% for the ACA ROI, 100% and 89% for the MCA ROI, and 100% and 93% for the PCA ROI for the SPECT BRBP/CBF ratio for detecting an abnormally elevated PET OEF ratio. Conclusion: BRBP/CBF images on SPECT correlate with OEF images on PET in a specific clinical setting—that is, in the cerebral cortex of patients with chronic unilateral MCA or ICA occlusive disease.
Interactions between Monetary Policy and Fiscal Policy

Using a panel data set of 14 EU countries from 1970 to 2012, we study the type of monetary and fiscal policies of both authorities, and assess how they are influenced by certain economic variables and events (the Maastricht Treaty, the Stability and Growth Pact, the Euro and crises). Results show that inflation has a significant impact on monetary policy, and that governments raise their primary balances when facing increases in debt. Another goal is to characterise the type of interactions established between central banks and national governments, i.e. if their policies complement one another, or whether there is a more dominant one. Still, our results point to the lack of evidence concerning central banks’ response to fiscal policy.
The demand-side politics of EU enlargement: democracy and the application for EU membership

Most theoretical arguments about enlargement have sought to elucidate why the EU may have an interest in accepting CEECs. While these 'supply-side' arguments are essential building blocks of a comprehensive account of enlargement, they need to be complemented by a theory that seeks to understand the politics and economics of enlargement from a demand-side perspective. We show in a formal model how a transition country's demand for EU membership relates to both regime type and its willingness to implement economic reforms. Specifically, we argue that leaders in more democratic regimes had a greater incentive to push ahead with costly 'institution-building reforms' which, in effect, aligned their countries with EU rules and institutions. The impetus for continuing pro-integration regulatory reforms came from the greater electoral accountability of these leaders. We test this claim with a Cox continuous time survival model with time-dependent covariates. The results confirm the dominant impact of increasing political participation on the likelihood of an EU application.
A Power Saving Model for Burst Transmission in Energy-Efficient Ethernet

The last few years have seen a surge in the awareness of energy efficiency in many fields, including the networking community. As an answer towards such demands the IEEE has just released the 802.3az norm that provides a way for Ethernet physical interfaces to enter a low power mode when there is no traffic to send. At the same time there are starting to appear proposals for how to govern the physical interface state between active and low power modes. Among them, the burst transmission method stands out for its simplicity and good performance in several simulation studies. In this paper we provide an accurate analytical model for this method that helps to gain insight in its configuration parameters.
Minding the gap in the gaming industry: Perceptions of gender disparity at work among female casino dealers

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the perceptions female casino dealers have toward gender disparity at work. In particular, the question of whether gender disparity exists, the nature and magnitude of differential treatment, and the effects of the perceived disparity on dealers' work attitudes are investigated. Design/methodology/approach – Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 40 female casino dealers recruited from the six major casinos in Macao. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis. Findings – The results indicate that female casino dealers have more advantages at work than their male counterparts. These advantages do, however, have some negative effects on the work attitudes of female casino dealers. Research limitations/implications – The sample is limited to Macao participants and the sample size is small. Also, only female casino dealers were interviewed. Practical implications – This study offers insights to casino operators and academics regarding the perception.
On the Periodicity of Inventories

This article studies inventories and monetary policy by estimating VAR models. The complex roots detected in our estimation generate cycles of around 55 to 70 months, which are quite close to actual business cycle lengths. This implies that production and inventories follow damped oscillations (stable sine curves), implying that a boom is the seed of the following recession, and vice versa. Interestingly, the peaks and troughs of policy interest rate precedes those of production in the U.S. (i.e., forward-looking monetary policy), but not in Japan. The central banks in both countries react sharply to demand shocks, but not to supply shocks, because booms after positive demand shocks last longer as . rms replenish reduced inventories, while booms after positive supply shocks are short-lived as the initial accumulation of inventories suppresses production in subsequent periods.
The Journal of Risk and Financial Management in Open Access

Financial economics and econometrics have advanced rapidly in recent years, in terms of coverage of topics, the creation of new data sources, the availability of existing high frequency and ultra-high frequency tick data, the growing importance of international financial analysis, the technicality of research topics, and the number of papers and journals publishing such theoretical and practical research. [. ]
Performance of the Active Microring Resonator Based on SOI Rib Waveguide

Micro-ring resonator based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) has been extensively studied due to its many advantages, thus promising to improve the optoelectronic integrated circuit performance. This paper highlights the study of the free carrier injection effect on the silicon rib waveguide with p-i-n diode structure integrated in the SOI micro-ring resonator. The free carrier concentrations have been modulated by the electrical signal that can cause change of refractive index of the micro-ring resonator. The device performances are predicted by using numerical modelling software 2D SILVACO and Finite Difference Time Domain method simulation software RSOFT. The results show the change of refractive index is maximized at a greater applied voltage. A shift in resonant wavelength of around 6.7 nm was predicted at 0.9V with 1.14x10-3 refractive index change. It is also shown that 8.5dB change of the output response obtained through the output.
Managing knowledge transfer between parent country nationals (Australia) and host country nationals (Asia)

Parent country nationals (PCNs) have traditionally played an important role in international business by transferring knowledge to overseas subsidiaries. Based on a case study of an Australian manufacturer in Asia, this study shows how the knowledge gap between PCNs and host country nationals (HCNs) represents a barrier to knowledge transfer. This paper uses Polanyi's (1962) tacit triangle construct to examine the nature of this knowledge gap, and discusses how it affects the relationship between PCNs and HCNs. It develops a framework explaining how PCNs can adapt their role in response to the knowledge gap.
How Strategic Entrepreneurship and The Institutional Context Drive Economic Growth

The economics of growth has shown that countries grow by better allocating whatever resources are at their disposal and by introducing productivity-enhancing innovations. Strategic entrepreneurship plays a key role in this process by searching for, combining, trying out, etc., new resource combinations in the pursuit of profits under uncertainty. Institutions that support economic freedom allow such experimentation to take place at low transaction costs, positively influencing total factor productivity. We test these ideas on a unique panel data set derived from Compendia, World Bank data, and the Fraser Institute's economic freedom data. Copyright © 2013 Strategic Management Society.
Income Effect, Wealth Effect, and the Terms of Trade with Finite Horizons

The two-sector model is incorporated into Blanchard's OLG framework. The total effect of a terms-of-trade deterioration on aggregate savings is decomposed into an income effect and a wealth effect. The income effect comes about because a terms-of-trade deterioration changes the value of the GDP. Its sign depends on the value of the rate of time preference relative to the interest rate. The wealth effect comes about because financial wealth is insurable and so income from capital is discounted at a lower rate than labor income. Its sign depends on the relative factor intensities of the goods.
Simultaneously measured pupillary light reflex and heart rate variability in healthy children

We investigated the potential inter-relationship between two measures of autonomic nervous system: pupillary light reflex (PLR) and heart rate variability (HRV), in healthy children of 8–16 years old. PLR was measured at both dark- and light-adapted conditions with various stimulation intensities. Simultaneously measured HRV was obtained in five different PLR testing phases: before PLR test, light-adapted PLR test, dark adaptation, dark-adapted PLR test and after PLR test. The frequency domain HRV parameters measured during the PLR test were significantly different from those measured during rest. Both the regression analysis and factor analysis indicated that PLR and HRV parameters were not correlated, which suggests that they may provide complementary assessment of different aspects of the overall autonomic nervous system.
Obituary: Remembering Bill Mann

William C. Mann passed away on August 13, 2004, after a long struggle with leukemia. He is known to readers of Computational Linguistics as a keen supporter and past president (1987) of ACL, a pioneer in the development of text generation as a field of research in computational linguistics, the originator of rhetorical structure theory (RST) and dialogue game theory (DGT), and the developer (together with David Weber) of dialect adaptation as a technique within machine translation. And he’ll be remembered for these and many other contributions, but above all, in this context, he’ll be remembered as a unique visionary in computational linguistics (CL) and as a truly wonderful and extraordinarily generous colleague. Bill Mann made huge contributions to many people’s intellectual development, to their careers, and to their lives in general. What follows are my own recollections of him, selected from a crowded jungle of memories. I will leave it to others to fill out the picture, but I shall attempt to give an indication of the intellectual and historical context in which Bill was working and also of the network of researchers that he created; his ideas have radiated throughout this network of scholars around the world. I met Bill in April 1980 and worked as a research linguist on a succession of projects he directed, or codirected, at the Information Sciences Institute (ISI) at the University of Southern California (USC), until I left the institute to take up a position at the University of Sydney in August 1988. Through that period (which happened to coincide, more or less, with the Reagan years), not only was Bill a very wise and wonderful project leader, but he also became a mentor and guide and a true friend. I followed from afar the further developments in his life: his departure from ISI and move to Kenya with his family to take up a position with the Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) as a consultant responsible for work on discourse and computational matters, their return to the United States, and his new phase of research with initiatives in RST and DGT.
Household Saving in Portugal: Micro and Macroeconomic Evidence

The evolution of the household saving rate has attracted a growing interest in the debate on the Portuguese economy. This interest is based on the persistence of various macroeconomic imbal-ances, in particular the high external borrowing requ irements of the economy. Additionally, it is well known that the households saving rate declined sharply in the convergence period to the euro area and stood afterwards at relatively low levels in the European context, amounting to about 10 percent of disposable income in 2009 (Charts 1 and 2). However, despite the importance of the evolution of household savings in Portugal - as well as those of the other institutional sectors - the applied literature in this area is still rather scarce.
Calling Attention to the Nature of Professional Knowledge and Its Impact on Perceptions of Performance Measures

Public administration literature pays little attention to public employees’ perceptions of performance measures. The present article studies the nature of their professional knowledge and its impact on the perception of performance measures. A multilevel regression confirms that Danish high school teachers relying on interpretive knowledge traditions perceive performance measures more negatively than teachers relying on science-based traditions. Since we have no reason to question the transferability of this finding, we argue that research needs to take the nature of employees’ professional knowledge into consideration if we are to fully understand the effects of performance measurement in the public sector.
TSV reduction in homogeneous 3D FPGAs by logic resource and input pad replication

One of the major challenges in the process of three-dimensional integrated circuit fabrication is the manufacturing of through silicon vias (TSV). These TSVs compared with other connection elements require high manufacturing costs as well as large silicon area. In this paper, replication technique has been used to reduce the number of TSVs in 3D FPGAs. Replication is implemented for circuit input pads and logic blocks. Experimental results over 20 MCNC benchmarks show 33% and 20% reduction in the number of TSVs and delay on average, respectively, at the cost of 3% more logic blocks and 3% more input pads that they place in the unused resources of FPGA.
MIMO phased-array for airborne radar

MIMO techniques induce a virtual extension of the antenna aperture, which results in lower MDV compared to conventional radar systems. Future work will include high-fidelity I/Q data simulations and experimental data collections to validate that the performance benefits of MIMO radar observed in the ideal clutter covariance simulations presented in this paper can be achieved in stressing real-world operating environments.
Crude Oil Price Dynamics Considering Structure Change Using CKLS Stochastic Models

ABSTRACT Nine stochastic processes was applied to WTI crude oil prices, following the CKLS model suggested by Chan et al. (1982). In particular, the study period was divided into two parts for representing structural change in the oil price. The estimation results shows that the crude oil price volatilities follow different stochastic processes in two sub-periods. We can conclude that the main characteristics of the crude oil price dynamics do change over time. Thus, considering multiple stochastic processes for long-term analyses of crude oil price series is important. Also, option values were calculated for comparing the effects of contingent claims depends on periods.
Corporate Mergers and Shareholder Wealth Effects: 1977-1986

Abstract The paper investigates the distribution of returns to shareholders of UK companies involved in acquisitions during the period 1977-1986. Three control models were used in the analysis: the market model with parameters identified through OLS regression, a model based on adjusted betas, and finally an index-relative model. Abnormal returns were identified around both bid announcement and outcome dates for bidders and targets in completed and abandoned bids. Examination was also made of the distribution of wealth changes for bidders and targets separately and for both in combination. The results demonstrate that, although there is no net wealth decrease to shareholders in total as a result of takeover activity, shareholders of bidder firms do suffer wealth decreases. By contrast, shareholders in target firms obtained significant, positive wealth increases in both completed and abandoned bids.
Modeling of Volatility with Non-linear Time Series Model

In this paper, non-linear time series models are used to describe volatility in financial time series data. To describe volatility, two of the non-linear time series are combined into form TAR (Threshold Auto-Regressive Model) with AARCH (Asymmetric Auto-Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) error term and its parameter estimation is studied.
Suppressing chaos in neural networks by noise.

We study discrete parallel dynamics of a fully connected network of nonlinear elements interacting via long-range random asymmetric couplings under the influence of external noise. Using dynamical mean-field equations, which become exact in the thermodynamical limit, we calculate the activity and the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the network in dependence of a nonlinearity (gain) parameter and the noise intensity.
Further Evidence on Nontrading Period Information Release

Using a sample of 856 management earnings forecasts, we provide evidence that managers release larger shock earnings forecasts in nontrading periods. Our results do not depend on whether the magnitude of the shock is measured exogenously (unexpected accounting earnings) or endogenously (security market reaction). The timing effects are more pronounced for less precise (i.e., open-interval and closed-interval) forecasts. Also, we provide evidence of an overnight reaction to closed-period management forecast releases. Our results are consistent with explanations for voluntary disclosure that rely on a precommitted policy of information asymmetry reduction (see Diamond 1985; King, Pownall and Waymire 1990). These explanations lead to predictions of strategic timing of greater shocks in the nontrading period in order to provide the less-informed with a period for information evaluation.
Serotonergic modulation of response inhibition and re‐engagement? Results of a study in healthy human volunteers

Cognitive functions dependent on the prefrontal cortex, such as the ability to suppress behavior (response inhibition) and initiate a new one (response re‐engagement) is important in the activities of daily life. Central serotonin (5‐HT) function is thought to be a critical component of these cognitive functions. In recent studies, 5‐HT failed to affect stop‐signal reaction time (SSRT), a fundamental process in behavioral inhibition. We were interested if response inhibition and re‐engagement are influenced through central 5‐HT activity as mediated via the 5‐HT transporter.
Rbm15 Modulates Notch-Induced Transcriptional Activation and Affects Myeloid Differentiation

ABSTRACT RBM15 is the fusion partner with MKL in the t(1;22) translocation of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. To understand the role of the RBM15-MKL1 fusion protein in leukemia, we must understand the normal functions of RBM15 and MKL. Here, we show a role for Rbm15 in myelopoiesis. Rbm15 is expressed at highest levels in hematopoietic stem cells and at more moderate levels during myelopoiesis of murine cell lines and primary murine cells. Decreasing Rbm15 levels with RNA interference enhances differentiation of the 32DWT18 myeloid precursor cell line. Conversely, enforced expression of Rbm15 inhibits 32DWT18 differentiation. We show that Rbm15 alters Notch-induced HES1 promoter activity in a cell type-specific manner. Rbm15 inhibits Notch-induced HES1 transcription in nonhematopoietic cells but stimulates this activity in hematopoietic cell lines, including 32DWT18 and human erythroleukemia cells. Moreover, the N terminus of Rbm15 coimmunoprecipitates with RBPJκ, a critical factor in Notch signaling, and the Rbm15 N terminus has a dominant negative effect, impairing activation of HES1 promoter activity by full-length-Rbm15. Thus, Rbm15 is differentially expressed during hematopoiesis and may act to inhibit myeloid differentiation in hematopoietic cells via a mechanism that is mediated by stimulation of Notch signaling via RBPJκ.
Economic diplomacy, trade and developing countries

This article analyses the impact of economic diplomacy on the geography of international trade for the year 2006 and 63 importing and exporting countries. We demonstrate that diplomatic representation via embassies and consulates is not a relevant trade-enhancing factor for trade within the OECD, but that it is significant in bilateral trade relationships of developing countries. We discuss implications for developing countries especially in view of South--South trade. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
The Methods of Ethics: A SUPPLEMENT TO THE FIRST EDITION OF THE METHODS OF ETHICS

"The Methods of Ethics" 1874 edition, 498pp "The Method of Ethics" 7th edition 1907, 564pp "The Principles of Political Economy" 3rd edition 1901, 616pp "Outlines of the History of Ethics for English Readers" 6th edition 1931, 368pp "The Elements of Politics" 3rd edition 1908, 702pp "Practical Ethics: a Collection of Addresses and Essays" 1898 edition, 268pp "Lectures on the Ethics of T.H. Green, Mr Herbert Spencer, and J. Martineau" 1902 edition, 294pp "Philosophy, its Scope and Relations: an Introductory Course of Lectures" 1902 edition, 270pp "The Development of European Polity" 1903 edition, 480pp "Miscellaneous Essays and Addresses" 1904 edition, 382pp "Lectures on the Philosophical Lectures of Kant and Other Philosophical Lectures and Essays" 1905 edition, 484pp "Henry Sidgwick: A Memoir", Arthur Sidgwick and Eleanor Sidgwick, 1906 edition, 646pp "Presidential Addresses to the Society of Physical Research, 1882-1911", Henry Sidgwick (nine addresses), Mrs Henry Sidgwick, et al, 1912 edition, 344pp "Miscellaneous Essays of Henry Sidgwick, 1870-99", c.300pp "Reviews by Henry Sidgwick, 1871-99", c.200pp.