Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Reynolds and Womersley Numbers on the Hemodynamics of Intracranial Aneurysms

The effects of Reynolds and Womersley numbers on the hemodynamics of two simplified intracranial aneurysms (IAs), that is, sidewall and bifurcation IAs, and a patient-specific IA are investigated using computational fluid dynamics. For this purpose, we carried out three numerical experiments for each IA with various Reynolds (Re = 145.45 to 378.79) and Womersley (Wo = 7.4 to 9.96) numbers. Although the dominant flow feature, which is the vortex ring formation, is similar for all test cases here, the propagation of the vortex ring is controlled by both Re and Wo in both simplified IAs (bifurcation and sidewall) and the patient-specific IA. The location of the vortex ring in all tested IAs is shown to be proportional to Re/Wo2 which is in agreement with empirical formulations for the location of a vortex ring in a tank. In sidewall IAs, the oscillatory shear index is shown to increase with Wo and 1/Re because the vortex reached the distal wall later in the cycle (higher resident time). However, this trend was not observed in the bifurcation IA because the stresses were dominated by particle trapping structures, which were absent at low Re = 151.51 in contrast to higher Re = 378.79.
A Police Officer’s Tacit Knowledge Inventory (POTKI): establishing construct validity and exploring applications

Research summarizes the construction of a Police Officer’s Tacit Knowledge Inventory (Inventory), a situational judgment test comprised of knowledge gained on-the-job by experienced police officers, and examines if it can play a role in the development of expertise. Correlation and regression analysis was done to establish the Inventory’s ability to predict post-Academy graduation performance. Results show that Inventory response patterns correlate with Supervisor ratings; and the Inventory responses correctly predict significant differences between novice patrol officers and experienced police officers.
Continuing education: the 1998 Survey of the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons.

BACKGROUND Continuing education (CE) is an essential professional activity. In the last decade, CE has been actively pursued by the medical profession in Australia and abroad. However, the uptake of CE in dentistry has been much slower and there is minimal Australian data on dental CE. METHODS To determine the level of CE activity, in 1998, postal questionnaires were sent to all fellows of the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons. The responses were analysed. RESULTS There was a high response rate (90 per cent) but a moderate usable rate (54 per cent). The results show a biphasic distribution between high and low CE activity. The average amount of activity of those involved in CE was 116 hours per year, above the usually accepted minimum of 100 hours/year. Some groups, particularly members of the specialist divisions of oral and maxillofacial surgeons (215 hours) and periodontists (205 hours), have high levels of CE. However, approximately 25 per cent of college fellows reported little or no CE activity. The survey revealed that inactive fellows are more likely to be older and in general practice. Inactive fellows were also tardy in replying to the questionnaire. CONCLUSION The high activity CE group needs to be recognised and encouraged to continue. Specific plans to help the low CE activity group should be developed. Although these findings relate directly to the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons, they are presented as they have implications for the dental profession at large.
Using continuous-time Bayesian networks for standards-based diagnostics and prognostics

In this paper we present a proposal for a new prognostic model to be included in a future revision of the IEEE Std 1232-2010 Standard for Artificial Intelligence Exchange and Service Tie to All Test Environments (AI-ESTATE). Specifically, we introduce the continuous time Bayesian network (CTBN) as an alternative to the previously proposed dynamic Bayesian network to provide an additional model for prognostic reasoning. We specify a semantic model capable of representing a CTBN within the standard and discuss the advantages of using such a model for prognosis. As with previous work, we demonstrate the feasibility and necessity of incorporating prognostic capabilities into the standard.
The Case for Less Predictable Operating System Behavior

The operating system is increasingly regarded as untrustworthy. Applications, hardware, and hypervisors are erecting defenses to insulate themselves from the operating system. This paper explores the potential benefits if operating systems simply embraced these lowered expectations and deliberately varied API behavior. We argue that, even for trusted or benign applications, diversity roughly within the specification can improve resilience to attack and improve robustness. Malicious software tends to be brittle; a preliminary case study indicates that, for software of questionable origin, a somewhat hostile operating system may do more good than harm for system security. This paper describes the architecture of Chameleon, an ongoing project to implement spectrum-behavior as an operating system feature.
Can practice educators be a ‘bridge’ between the academy and the practicum?

Debates exist about the separation of the academy and the practicum. The purpose of this study is to explore how its findings may contribute to this discussion. The unique pedagogies of the university and practice are explored and consideration is given to whether practice educators hold an intermediary role. A qualitative study of an undergraduate programme in England using thematic analysis was undertaken once ethical approval was given. Individual interviews and focus groups were used. A total of 48 participants were interviewed at two different points in time (2008 and 2011-2012). Although this is a limited small scale study not susceptible to generalisation it may be able to provide an analytic generalisation, which may be replicable with further studies.The findings indicated practice educators struggled to act as a bridge because the academy and the practicum have conflicting and competing signature pedagogies. The contribution of this study is to the contemporary discussion on the SWRB changes and models such as Frontline.
Membrane properties of living mammalian cells as studied by enzymatic hydrolysis of fluorogenic esters.

10,000-fold higher than that used for fluorochromasia. It was shown previously' that in a cell-free system of protein synthesis consisting of purified Escherichia coli ribosomes and Lactobacillus arabinosus supernatant, a system of low nuclease activity, oligonucleotides of the type ApApApApApAp. pApApC2 (AAAAAA. AAC) with an AAC codon at the 3'-end of the chain, directed the synthesis of oligopeptides of the structure Lys-Lys-Lys.Lys-Asn with NH2-terminal lysine and COOH-terminal asparagine. These results showed (a) that AAC is an asparagine codon (AAA being a known for and (b) that if the biological assembly of the polypeptide chains of proteins proceeds, as currently believed, from the NH2-terminal through the COOH-terminal amino acid, the genetic code is translated by reading the messenger from the 5'- to the 3'-end of the polynucleotide chain. The latter conclusion would be greatly strength-ened if it could be shown that polynucleotides of the type AACAAA . AAA, containing the AAC codon at the 5'- rather than the 3'-end, directed the synthesis of lysine peptides with an asparagine residue at the NH2-terminal end. lysine
Interpolated versus Polytopic Gain Scheduling Control Laws for Fin/Rudder Roll Stabilisation of Ships

Taking into account the variations of the environment of ships is a means of improving performances of roll stabilisation systems; this can be done through the use of gain-scheduling (GS) control law. In this study, a GS-control law is obtained by interpolation of fixed HP controllers which have been synthetized for different sailing conditions of the ship represented by linear models. The GS controller depends on the ship speed and on a stabilisation quality factor. It is compared to a previously synthetized HP LPV controller (Linear Parameters Varying). Simulation results are given.
Narcissism and Reactions to Interpersonal Feedback

Abstract We investigated the role of narcissism in reactions to interpersonal feedback. Participants first completed the Narcissism Personality Inventory (Raskin & Terry, 1988). They then participated in a laboratory session in which they received either positive or negative feedback. A variety of reactions to the feedback were then assessed. The results indicated that following positive feedback, narcissism was related to perceiving the evaluation technique as more diagnostic and the evaluator as more competent. Conversely, following negative feedback, narcissism was associated with perceiving the evaluation technique as less diagnostic and the evaluator as less competent and likeable. However, narcissism did not moderate the impact of feedback on emotional reactions. Additional analyses revealed some, but not complete, overlap with effects found for level of self-esteem. Theoretical implications are discussed.
Using Bayesian Network Representations for Effective Sampling from Generative Network Models

Bayesian networks (BNs) are used for inference and sampling by exploiting conditional independence among random variables. Context specific independence (CSI) is a property of graphical models where additional independence relations arise in the context of particular values of random variables (RVs). Identifying and exploiting CSI properties can simplify inference. Some generative network models (models that generate social/information network samples from a network distribution P(G)), with complex interactions among a set of RVs, can be represented with probabilistic graphical models, in particular with BNs. In the present work we show one such a case. We discuss how a mixed Kronecker Product Graph Model can be represented as a BN, and study its BN properties that can be used for efficient sampling. Specifically, we show that instead of exhibiting CSI properties, the model has deterministic context-specific dependence (DCSD). Exploiting this property focuses the sampling method on a subset of the sampling space that improves efficiency.
Asynchronous Distance Measurement for Smartphone-Based Localization Exploiting Chirp Signals

In this paper, we present an asynchronous, accurate, and real-time distance measurement method using chirp signals, which is capable of accurately locating and tracking, thus forming an ad-hoc network among smartphones in an indoor (e.g., smart meeting room) environment. We then implement our proposed method on top of commercial off-the-shelf smartphones without modifying their hardware or OS kernel. Our experimental results demonstrate that it takes <1 second to conduct network-wide distance measurements and the measurement error is <10cm in at least 87% of the experiments.
Psychosocial correlates of dyslexia across the life span

Abstract This series of four studies examined the psychosocial functioning of children, adolescents, and adults with developmental dyslexia. One sample of nonreferred dyslexic and nondyslexic men, and three different samples of dyslexic and normally achieving control children and adolescents were studied. The child samples included both clinic-referred and nonreferred populations, and sibling and nonsibling control designs. Variables assessed included depressive and ADHD symptomatology, self-concept and, in the adult sample, socioeconomic status and other life adjustment variables. We found that, across three samples, children and adolescents report lower global self-worth and lower perceived competence in scholastic domains, more depressive symptomatology, and (both by self- and parent report) more ADHD symptomatology than normal achievers. In contrast, adult dyslexic men, while also perceiving themselves as less intelligent than their peers, reporting more generalized psychological distress, and showing less social mobility, were nonetheless comparable to their peers in terms of global self-worth, depressive symptomatology, and other indices of adult adjustment and satisfaction. Results are discussed in terms of a developmental “niche-finding” model, in which the shift into adult life may foster more constructive experiences and internal processes.
Evaluating the performance of a wastewater plant using the APC model

Improving a process that deals with performance measurement and continuous improvement is critical for all organisations, including public utilities and small and medium enterprises alike. One of the key roadblocks in achieving an effective management process stems from investment costs is needed to ensure data collection, databases, and management report. This paper introduces an easy and inexpensive method of using accounting data in a spreadsheet and a model that links productivity, price-recovery and profitability. Moreover, the model’s application using real-world data would be of great interest to management. It strengthens the efforts of management and encourages them to institute performance measurement and analysis. Finally, the APC model is compared and contrasted with a recently-promoted Economic Value Added (EVA) model for measuring the performance of organisations, especially public-related services. The comparison shows the APC model is more applicable and useful.
Daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s disease

We describe multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) results in 27 adult patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pathological sleepiness (i.e. mean sleep latency ≤5 min) was common (40 of 134 nap opportunities), and sleep‐onset REM periods were also observed (13 of 134 nap opportunities). These findings bore little relationship to disease specific variables (e.g. level of disability, medication use), or sleep architecture measures (e.g. total sleep time, sleep stage percentage’s). Our findings speak against a simple association of excessive sleepiness and the quality and quantity of prior night’s sleep, but rather, argue for primary impairments of waking arousal and REM‐sleep expression in a sizeable subpopulation of PD patients.
Ionic permeability characteristics of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels in cultured CA1 hippocampal neurons were studied using patch-clamp techniques. The purpose of the research was to determine the occupancy of the channel by permeant cations and to determine the influence of charged residues in or near the pore. The concentration dependence of permeability ratios, the mole-fraction dependence of permeability ratios, the concentration dependence of the single-channel conductance, and a single-channel analysis of Mg2+ block all independently indicated that the NMDA receptor behaves as a singly-occupied channel. More precisely, there is one permeant cation at a time occupying the site or sites that are in the narrow region of the pore directly in the permeation pathway. Permeability-ratio measurements in mixtures of monovalent and divalent cations indicated that local charges in or near the pore do not produce a large local surface potential in physiologic solutions. In low ionic strength solutions, a local negative surface potential does influence the ionic environment near the pore, but in normal physiologic solutions the surface potential appears too small to significantly influence ion permeation. The results indicate that the mechanism for the high Ca2+ conductance of the NMDA receptor channel is not the same as for the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC). The VDCC has two high affinity, interacting binding sites that provide high Ca2+ selectivity and conductance. The binding site of the NMDA receptor is of lower affinity. Therefore, the selectivity for Ca2+ is not as high, but the lower affinity of binding provides a faster off rate so that interacting sites are not required for high conductance.
Polarities in executive coaching

Purpose – This paper aims to show how polarity coaching can foster meaningful change among executive clients through sponsoring a deeper understanding and acceptance of interdependent opposites.Design/methodology/approach – The study explores what is required from the coach and the coaching relationship and how clients can be supported in overcoming polarity traps. A social constructionist and sense‐making approach to coaching is followed and the paper draws on relevant literature from the fields of psychotherapy, coaching, and dialogical change.Findings – It is shown that before engaging in polarity coaching it is important for coaches to become aware of the polarity tensions that are prevalent in their own work and to explore their personal preferences when facing these tensions. A coach who is able to hold interdependent opposites with ease in the coaching encounter will allow clients to experience transformation on a deeper level.Originality/value – The core of the paper is the polarity‐coaching model.
Role Taking in Childhood: Some Methodological Considerations.

RumVN, KENNETH H. Role Taking in Childhood: Some Methodological Considerations. CHmLD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 428-433. The present study sought to examine the convergent and discriminant validity of 6 widely used measures of role-taking skill. The Borke; Rothenberg; Miller, Kessel, and Flavell; Chandler; DeVries; and Glucksberg and Krauss tasks were administered to children in preschool and grades 1, 3, and 5. In addition, PPVT IQ, Matching Familiar Figures test performance, and occupational status served as marker variables. The results generally indicated a lack of convergent and discriminant validity for role-taking measures. Moreover, the internal consistency of both the Chandler and Rothenberg tasks was found to be relatively low.
Semiclassical black holes with large N rescaling and information loss problem

We consider semiclassical black holes and related rescalings with N massless fields. For a given semiclassical solution of an N = 1 universe, we can find other solution of a large N universe by the rescaling. After the rescaling, any curvature quantity takes a sufficiently small value without changing its causal structure. Via the rescaling, we argue that black hole complementarity for semiclassical black holes cannot provide a fundamental resolution of the information loss problem, and the violation of black hole complementarity requires sufficiently reasonable amounts of N. Such N might be realized from some string inspired models. Finally, we claim that any fundamental resolution of the information loss problem should resolve the problem of the singularity.
When governMenT confidence underMineS Public involveMenT in Modern diSaSTerS

As our global community increases in complexity, crises and disasters—such as global financial meltdowns and natural disasters—increasingly have the ability to impact millions of lives. Because of the scale and complexity of these issues, they are seemingly beyond comprehension and personal control. As such, people may rely on the government as a psychological crutch, thus undermining their own engagement with and understanding of crises and disasters. In the context of the present economic crisis (Study 1) and the 2010 BP oil crisis in the Gulf of Mexico (Study 2) the current research provides evidence for the idea that when perceptions of government competency and agency are high, people become less inclined to learn about and become engaged in crises and disasters.
Associations between plasma C-reactive protein levels and the severities of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis.

AIM Limited correlations between C-reactive protein (CRP) and coronary artery disease (CAD) have been reported. Recently, MRI became a useful tool for non-invasively evaluating atherosclerotic plaques in thoracic and abdominal aortas. METHODS To elucidate the associations between plasma CRP levels and the severities of coronary and aortic atherosclerosis, we performed aortic black-blood MRI in 136 patients undergoing coronary angiography. For each patient, 9 slices of thoracic aorta and 9 slices of abdominal aorta were obtained at 12-mm intervals, and the plaque extent in each slice was scored. The degree of aortic atherosclerosis is represented as the sum of scores. The degree of coronary atherosclerosis is represented as the number of >50% stenotic vessels and >25% stenotic segments. RESULTS CAD (>50% stenosis) was present in 96 patients. Patients with CAD had higher CRP levels than those without CAD (median 0.78 vs. 0.48 mg/L, p<0.02). CRP levels tended to increase depending on the number of stenotic vessels: 0.48, 0.70, 0.74, and 0.88 mg/L (p=NS). CRP correlated weakly with the number of stenotic segments (r=0.21). Regarding aortic atherosclerosis, 136 patients were divided into quartiles by plaque score. CRP levels increased stepwise in quartiles: 0.40, 0.56, 1.08, and 1.10 mg/L (p<0.001). CRP levels also correlated with the plaque score (r=0.38). In multivariate analysis, aortic atherosclerosis was an independent factor for CRP levels, but coronary atherosclerosis was not. CONCLUSION Plasma CRP levels correlated with the severities of both coronary and aortic atherosclerosis, but CRP levels are more likely to reflect the severity of aortic atherosclerosis than coronary atherosclerosis.
Minimax design of adjustable FIR filters using 2D polynomial methods

The problem under study here is the minimax design of linear-phase lowpass FIR filters having variable passband width and implemented through a Farrow structure. We have two main contributions. The first is the design of adjustable FIR filters without discretization, using 2D positive trigonometric polynomials, an approach leading to semidefinite programming (SDP) formulation of the design problem. The second is to modify the design problem by a special choice for the passband and stopband edges of the variable FIR filter. The advantage is a lower implementation complexity. The new problem is solved using positive hybrid real-trigonometric polynomials and their SDP parameterization. Design examples prove the viability of our methods.
Transposable elements contribute to activation of maize genes in response to abiotic stress

Transposable elements (TEs) account for a large portion of the genome in many eukaryotic species. Despite their reputation as “junk” DNA or genomic parasites deleterious for the host, TEs have complex interactions with host genes and the potential to contribute to regulatory variation in gene expression. It has been hypothesized that TEs and genes they insert near may be transcriptionally activated in response to stress conditions. The maize genome, with many different types of TEs interspersed with genes, provides an ideal system to study the genome-wide influence of TEs on gene regulation. To analyze the magnitude of the TE effect on gene expression response to environmental changes, we profiled gene and TE transcript levels in maize seedlings exposed to a number of abiotic stresses. Many genes exhibit up- or down-regulation in response to these stress conditions. The analysis of TE families inserted within upstream regions of up-regulated genes revealed that between four and nine different TE families are associated with up-regulated gene expression in each of these stress conditions, affecting up to 20% of the genes up-regulated in response to abiotic stress and as many as 33% of genes that are only expressed in response to stress. Expression of many of these same TE families also responds to the same stress conditions. The analysis of the stress-induced transcripts and proximity of the transposon to the gene suggests that these TEs may provide local enhancer activities that stimulate stress-responsive gene expression. Our data on allelic variation for insertions of several of these TEs show strong correlation between the presence of TE insertions and stress-responsive up-regulation of gene expression. Our findings suggest that TEs provide an important source of allelic regulatory variation in gene response to abiotic stress in maize.