Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Mixture of Textrank and Lexrank Techniques of Single Document Automatic Summarization Research in Tibetan

Today is an era of knowledge economy and information dominated. Automatic summarization is an important research in the field of natural language processing, its purpose to explore human obtain valuable information from natural language texts. As the Tibetan information processing technology is backward, and the achievements of automatic summarization have not been publicly reported in Tibetan. This paper references the existed Chinese and English automatic summarization technology in domestic and foreign, and proposes a method of Tibetan automatic summarization. Combination with the advantage of keyword processing based on TextRank and processing of the relationship between sentences based on LexRank algorithm. Take full account of the frequency, part of speech, word position, word length, content and position of a sentence. In particular, the generated summarization considering the similarity of candidate sentences. Experiments analysis three summarization methods based on TextRank, based on LexRank and based on LexRank+TextRank respectively, and using the ROUGE value to evaluate the effect of summarization. Experimental results show that, the effect of the mixture of TextRank and LexRank techniques of single document automatic summarization in Tibetan is better and accuracy reached 80%.
BindUP: a web server for non-homology-based prediction of DNA and RNA binding proteins

Gene expression is a multi-step process involving many layers of regulation. The main regulators of the pathway are DNA and RNA binding proteins. While over the years, a large number of DNA and RNA binding proteins have been identified and extensively studied, it is still expected that many other proteins, some with yet another known function, are awaiting to be discovered. Here we present a new web server, BindUP, freely accessible through the website http://bindup.technion. ac.il/, for predicting DNA and RNA binding proteins using a non-homology-based approach. Our method is based on the electrostatic features of the protein surface and other general properties of the protein. BindUP predicts nucleic acid binding function given the proteins three-dimensional structure or a structural model. Additionally, BindUP provides information on the largest electrostatic surface patches, visualized on the server. The server was tested on several datasets of DNA and RNA binding proteins, including proteins which do not possess DNA or RNA binding domains and have no similarity to known nucleic acid binding proteins, achieving very high accuracy. BindUP is applicable in either single or batch modes and can be applied for testing hundreds of proteins simultaneously in a highly efficient manner.
Criterion-related validity of the last 7-day, short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in Swedish adults

Abstract Objective To examine the validity of the short, last 7-day, self-administered form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Design All subjects wore an accelerometer for seven consecutive days and completed the IPAQ questionnaire on the eighth day. Criterion validity was assessed by linear regression analysis and by modified Bland–Altman analysis. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated for classifying respondents according to the physical activity guidelines of the American College of Sports Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Setting Workplaces in Uppsala, Sweden. Subjects One hundred and eighty-five (87 males) participants, aged 20 to 69 years. Results Total self-reported physical activity (PA) (MET-min day−1) was significantly correlated with average intensity of activity (counts min−1) from accelerometry (r=0.34, P<0.001). Gender, age, education and body mass index did not affect this relationship. Further, subcomponents of self-reported PA (time spent sitting, time in PA, time in moderate and vigorous activity (MVPA)) were significantly correlated with objectively measured PA (P<0.05). Self-reported time in PA was significantly different from time measured by accelerometry (mean difference: −25.9 min day−1; 95% limits of agreement: −172 to 120 min day−1; P<0.001). IPAQ identified 77% (specificity) of those who met the current PA guidelines of accumulating more than 30 min day−1 in MVPA as determined by accelerometry, whereas only 45% (sensitivity) of those not meeting the guidelines were classified correctly. Conclusions Our results indicate that the short, last 7-days version of the IPAQ has acceptable criterion validity for use in Swedish adults. However, the IPAQ instrument significantly overestimated self-reported time spent in PA. The specificity to correctly classify people achieving current PA guidelines was acceptable, whereas the sensitivity was low.
An analysis of mobile application network behavior

The impact of mobile applications in our every day lives is indisputable. While there are millions of applications available in mobile application markets, users often have very little information to rely upon when selecting which applications to download and use in terms behavior and security. Many applications may have the functionality users desire but may also have undesirable behavior such as excessive network usage, use of ads, linkage to malicious sites, or unauthorized leakage of user or application usage information. In this paper, we design a system to provide users with additional information on the application's behavior by actively eliciting and identifying undesirable behavior exhibited by mobile applications. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of our system, we use it to study the network behavior of top mobile applications listed in the Android and iOS application markets. We find that applications can be clustered into groups that have distinct behavior patterns. Using our system, users can determine an application's behavior group prior to installation on their mobile devices, reducing the exposure to any undesirable application behavior.
Opportunities for improving triple‐negative breast cancer outcomes: results of a population‐based study

Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with a poor prognosis. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and referral for genetic counseling are the standard of care. We assessed TNBC prevalence, management, and outcome using data from the population‐based Geneva cancer registry. 2591 women had a first invasive stage I‐III breast cancer diagnosed between 2003 and 2011. We compared TNBC to other breast cancers (OBC) by χ2‐test and logistic regression. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, up to 31‐12‐2014, were compared using log‐rank test. TNBC risk of mortality overall (OS) and for breast cancer (BCSS) was evaluated through Cox models. Linkage with the Oncogenetics and Cancer Prevention Unit (OCPU) database of the Geneva University Hospitals provided genetic counseling information. TNBC patients (n = 192, 7.4%) were younger, more often born in Africa or Central‐South America than OBC, had larger and more advanced tumors. 18% of TNBC patients did not receive chemotherapy. Thirty‐one (17%) TNBC women consulted the OCPU, 39% among those aged <40 years. Ten‐year survival was lower in TNBC than OBC (72% vs. 82% for BCSS; P < 0.001; 80% vs. 91% for OS; P < 0.001). The mortality risks remained significant after adjustment for other prognostic variables. The strongest determinants of mortality were age, place of birth, and lymph node status. A substantial proportion of TNBC patients in Geneva did not receive optimal care. Over 60% of eligible women did not receive genetic counseling and 18% did not receive chemotherapy. To improve TNBC prognosis, comprehensive care as recommended by standard guidelines should be offered to all patients.
Electron-electron scattering in far-infrared quantum cascade lasers.

A large depolarization shift indicates a strong nonequilibrium intersubband electron-electron scattering ~G! in tunneling structure. For a far-infrared subband separation D;10 meV, the rate G scales with the uppersubband occupation and is never significantly reduced by screening. Despite this nonradiative decay a finite population inversion can be maintained. Finally, the applied bias changes the wave-function symmetry so as to cause a dramatic variation of the electron-electron scattering rate.
Integrating Science and Practice: Adopting the Pasteurian Model

The field of psychology has a long history of attempting to make its basic science relevant to the analysis and solution of social problems. Some psychologists claim that it has been successful at this goal, but others are not convinced. Historically, the field has followed a linear model in its attempts at being relevant: Basic science is somehow developed first, and later someone comes along to apply it to solve problems in real-world settings. This model is now undergoing serious reconsideration in the physical and biological sciences. An alternative model in which science and practice develop seamlessly is represented in the remarkable career of Louis Pasteur. This article discusses both of these models in the context of psychological science and practice. Three fundamental principles underlying Pasteur's way of doing science and practice are presented. Adopting a Pasteurian framework should help resolve at least some of the debates about our science and practice linkage, but this will require a change in how professionals function and how future generations of professionals are trained. Suggestions are presented for making psychology more Pasteurian to help it achieve its stated goal “as a science, as a profession, and as a means of promoting human welfare. ”
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Research Department Staff Report 480 Assessing International Efficiency *

This chapter is structured in three parts. The first part outlines the methodological steps, involving both theoretical and empirical work, for assessing whether an observed allocation of resources across countries is efficient. The second part applies the methodology to the long-run allocation of capital and consumption in a large cross section of countries. We find that countries that grow faster in the long run also tend to save more both domestically and internationally. These facts suggest that either the long-run allocation of resources across countries is inefficient, or that there is a systematic relation between fast growth and preference for delayed consumption. The third part applies the methodology to the allocation of resources across developed countries at the business cycle frequency. Here we discuss how evidence on international quantity comovement, exchange rates, asset prices, and international portfolio holdings can be used to assess efficiency. Overall, quantities and portfolios appear consistent with efficiency, while evidence from prices is difficult to interpret using standard models. The welfare costs associated with an inefficient allocation of resources over the business cycle can be significant if shocks to relative country permanent income are large. In those cases partial financial liberalization can lower welfare. Perri thanks the ERC for financial support. The data sets and computer codes used in the paper are available on the authors' websites. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis or the Federal Reserve System.
Rate of positive urine culture and double–J catheters colonization on the basis of microorganism DNA analysis

Introduction The aim of the trial was to estimate the relationship between colonization of the Double–J catheter, and the microorganisms cultured from urine. Material and methods 60 patients, who had Double–J catheters inserted, participated in the study. All the subjects had their midstream urine samples taken prior to the stent insertion and removal. A negative urine culture before catheterization was mandatory to participate in the study. The patients were assigned into three subgroups, according to stenting duration: 1) 20 to 30 days (18 cases); 2) 30 to 90 days (30 cases); 3) longer than 90 days (12 cases). Bacterial and fungal DNA was identified using electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel with a denaturing gradient (PCR–DGGE). The relationship between the genetic analysis of the catheter and the urine culture was estimated. Results Urine cultures were positive in only 8 patients, while Double–J catheter analyses were positive in all cases. In 2 cases one type of microorganism was isolated from the stent surface while the remaining 58 catheters were colonized by more than one pathogen. In three cases fungi were isolated. There were only three types of pathogens cultured from urine specimens. Urine and stent cultures were consistent in 5 cases. In 3 cases urine culture and stent analysis were not consistent. Conclusions Double–J catheter retention in the urinary tract is associated with an extremely high risk of bacterial colonization, while the risk of urine infection is about 8–fold lower. There is a great inconsistency between urine infection and catheter colonization, indicating a low predictive value of urine culture for estimating stent colonization.
Supplement Materials for “ Large-scale Linear RankSVM ”

This document presents some materials not included in the paper. In Section II, we illustrate the direct method for computing l i (w), l − i (w), α + i (w,v) and α − i (w), as well as the approach in Joachims (2006) that is similar to this method. Section III gives a comparison on relative function value, pairwise accuracy and NDCG with respect to the number of (CG) iterations between TRON and the cutting plane method used in TreeRankSVM. The results show that despite of their implementation differences, TRON has better convergence than the cutting plane method. In Section IV we discuss the possibility of solving the dual problem.
A novel single channel speech enhancement using time frequency mask

For speech with Gaussian noise, a novel single channel speech enhancement algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm applies time frequency mask to delete noise. It firstly splits the time frequency domain into two areas: Joint Areas (JA) and Disjoints Area (DA), and then the signals are thrown away in the JA, and the noise on the “cross” in the DA is deleted. Furthermore it applies the smooth filter to compensate the distortion. Finally, several speech signal experiments demonstrate that the algorithm performance and practical.
Semi-supervised bi-directional dimensionality reduction for face recognition

A novel method for face recognition called semi-supervised bi-directional dimensionality reduction (SSBDR) is proposed. Based on semi-supervised learning, domain knowledge in the form of pairwise constraints besides abundant unlabeled examples are available, which specifies whether a pair of instances belong to the same class or not. Compared to the semi-supervised dimensionality reduction (SSDR), it can not only preserve the intrinsic structure of the unlabeled data as well as both the must-link (the same class) and cannot-link constraints (different classes) defined on the labeled examples in the projected low-dimensional space, but also constructs two image covariance matrices directly by the original image matrix in two directions which can reduce the dimension of the original image matrix in two directions. The validity of this method can be verified by the experiments on ORL face database.
Multi-tier-based Global Awareness - A Model for Collaboration in Distributed Organizations and Disaster Scenarios

Collaboration in temporal and spatially distributed environments has consistently had to deal with the challenge of intense awareness, extensively more than locally concentrated team play. Awareness means being informed, in conjunction with an understanding of activities, states and relationships of each individual within a given group as a whole. In multifarious offices, where social interaction is necessary in order to share and locate essential information, awareness becomes a concurrent process that amplifies the exigency of easy routes for personnel to be able to access this information, deferred or decentralized, in a formalized and context-sensitive way. In special cases that become increasingly contemporary, ambulance personnel and rescue forces need to get a vast overview of the current situation, resources available at present and courses of action. Although the subject of awareness has immensely grown in importance, there is extensive disagreement about how this transparency can be conceptually and technically implemented. This paper introduces a model in order to visualize and navigate such information in multi-tiers using semantic networks, GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Web3D. Moreover the model is used for creating scenarios; for an evaluation from a business organization's perspective, as well as from a scientific perspective on disaster recovery.
Pedagogical Agents: Pedagogical Interventions via Integration of Task-oriented and Socially Oriented Conversation

The paper discusses the motivation for and outcome of the addition of socially oriented so called “off-task” conversational abilities to an existing “teachable agent” (TA) in an educational mathematics game. The purpose of the extension is to affect constructs known to promote learning, such as self-efficacy and engagement, as well as enhancing students’ experiences of the game. A comparison of students that played the educational game with the off-task interaction included to those who played without it, indicate that the former had a more positive experience of the game, and that they also learnt more in the sense of teaching their TA better. The potential for pedagogical interventions in this and similar systems is discussed as well as differences found between high- and low-achievers. (Less)
Higher Dimensional Blue-noise Sampling Schemes For Curvelet-based Seismic Data Recovery

In combination with compressive sensing, a successful reconstruction scheme called Curvelet-based Recovery by Sparsitypromoting Inversion (CRSI) has been developed, and has proven to be useful for seismic data processing. One of the most important issues for CRSI is the sampling scheme, which can greatly affect the quality of reconstruction. Unlike usual regular undersampling, stochastic sampling can convert aliases to easy-to-eliminate noise. Some stochastic sampling methods have been developed for CRSI, e.g. jittered sampling, however most have only been applied to 1D sampling along a line. Seismic datasets are usually higher dimensional and very large, thus it is desirable and often necessary to develop higher dimensional sampling methods to deal with these data. For dimensions higher than one, few results have been reported, except uniform random sampling, which does not perform well. In the present paper, we explore 2D sampling methodologies for curvelet-based reconstruction, possessing sampling spectra with blue noise characteristics, such as Poisson Disk sampling, Farthest Point Sampling, and the 2D extension of jittered sampling. These sampling methods are shown to lead to better recovery and results are compared to the other more traditional sampling protocols.
Predicting the sources of an outbreak with a spectral technique

The epidemic spreading of a disease can be described by a contact network whose nodes are persons or centers of contagion and links heterogeneous relations among them. We provide a procedure to identify multiple sources of an outbreak or their closer neighbors. Our methodology is based on a simple spectral technique requiring only the knowledge of the undirected contact graph. The algorithm is tested on a variety of graphs collected from outbreaks including fluency, H5N1, Tbc, in urban and rural areas. Results show that the spectral technique is able to identify the source nodes if the graph approximates a tree sufficiently.
Classifying the user intent of web queries using k-means clustering

Purpose – Web search engines are frequently used by people to locate information on the Internet. However, not all queries have an informational goal. Instead of information, some people may be looking for specific web sites or may wish to conduct transactions with web services. This paper aims to focus on automatically classifying the different user intents behind web queries.Design/methodology/approach – For the research reported in this paper, 130,000 web search engine queries are categorized as informational, navigational, or transactional using a k‐means clustering approach based on a variety of query traits.Findings – The research findings show that more than 75 percent of web queries (clustered into eight classifications) are informational in nature, with about 12 percent each for navigational and transactional. Results also show that web queries fall into eight clusters, six primarily informational, and one each of primarily transactional and navigational.Research limitations/implications – This s.
"Is It Really a Defect?" An Empirical Study on Measuring and Improving the Process of Software Defect Reporting

Testing is one of the most labor-intensive activities in software development life cycle and consumes between 30% and 50% of total development costs according to many studies. The communication gap between testers and developers that is caused by unclear or even invalid defect reporting usually makes the testing schedule delay, and contributes large amount of testing effort to rework and re-communication. Defect reporting's efficiency directly influences testing efficiency and effectiveness. From our observation and improvement practices on a software product with recent 4 increments: 1) the percentage of unclear defect reports is around 23%, but more than 82% testers, more or less, reported unclear defect reports, 2) the percentage of invalid defect reports is around 26%, but more than 35% testers reported invalid defect reports. Improvement practices that we took on training testers on how to report defect in a clearer and more efficient way further bridged the communication gap between testers and developers, and it can reduce 15.7% unclear defect reports and 19.53% invalid defect reports, which finally led to the improvement of testing efficiency.
Two-tone pseudo coloring: compact visualization for one-dimensional data

A new pseudo coloring technique for large scale one-dimensional datasets is proposed. For visualization of a large scale dataset, user interaction is indispensable for selecting focus areas in the dataset. However, excessive switching of the visualized image makes it difficult for the user to recognize overview/ detail and detail/ detail relationships. The goal of this research is to develop techniques for visualizing details as precisely as possible in overview display. In this paper, visualization of a one-dimensional but very large dataset is considered. The proposed method is based on pseudo coloring, however, each scalar value corresponds to two discrete colors. By painting with two colors at each value, users can read out the value precisely. This method has many advantages: it requires little image space for visualization; both the overview and details of the dataset are visible in one image without distortion; and implementation is very simple. Several application examples, such as meteorological observation data and train convenience evaluation data, show the effectiveness of the method.