Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on arithmetic reconstruction tomography method based on quadric finite element

Classical arithmetic reconstruction tomography(ART) method supposes that any points in same small element have same tomography value, this assumption definitely decrease analysis resolution, To overcome the disadvantage, this paper presents a new ART method based on quadric finite element which computes value of point in element by interpolation value of element nodes In the same time, it also induced formula in detail which depicts relation of integral value along scanning line and node value, computing process such as sub stiffness matrix computation, whole stiffness matrix computation and right vector of equation computation are also discussed, in the end, an emulating reconstruction is processed by this method, the result testified that this method is reliable.
Scheduling model and performance analysis in transport mapping layer of control element in forwarding and control element separation system

The transport mapping layer (TML) scheduling model in forwarding and control element separation (ForCES) system is important because it not only should be able to process the messages with different priorities but also can solve the fairness and robustness problems in network element level. In this paper, a two‐stage scheduling scheme with strict priority and general processor share scheduling is proposed. In a stochastic network calculus framework and on the basis of moment‐generating functions, bounds on average backlogs and delays of all channels are derived. The performance solving approach presented in this paper is quite general and practical, and the results may be used in other fields easily, without limiting ForCES CE TML. Numerical examples are presented to test the bounds, which show the scheduling scheme is practical and well suited for CE TML requirements. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maximum Utility Peer Selection for P2P Streaming in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In the recent years, the peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay network has been a promising architecture for multimedia streaming services besides its common use for efficient file sharing. By simply increasing the number of peers, the P2P overlay network can meet the high bit rate requirements of multimedia applications. Optimal peer selection for newly joining peers is one of the important problems, especially in wireless networks which have limited resources and capacity, since the peer selection process has a direct impact on the throughput of the underlay network and the co-existing unicast traffic. In this paper we tackle the problem of peer selection for streaming applications over wireless ad hoc networks. We devise a novel peer selection algorithm which maximizes the throughput of the underlay network, and at the same time makes P2P streaming friendly towards the co-existing data traffic. The proposed receiver based rate allocation and peer selection (RPS) algorithm is derived using the network utility maximization (NUM) framework. The algorithm solves the peer selection and rate allocation problem distributedly while optimally adapting the medium access control (MAC) layer parameters and is easily extensible to large P2P networks. Simulation results show that by using the proper price exchange mechanism, the peer receivers can effectively maximize the throughput of the underlay network by intelligently selecting its source peers.
More promotion-focused, more happy? Regulatory focus, post-purchase evaluations and regret in the real estate market

This research examines how regulatory focus, in terms of promotion-prevention discrepancy (promotion level minus prevention level), influences homebuyers’ post-purchase evaluations and experiences. Field study data is collected by questionnaire and structural equation modelling (SEM) is used for data analysis. In China’s urban real estate market, when the level of promotion focus exceeds that of prevention focus, homebuyers have better evaluation of their acquisition, less regret and higher satisfaction. Besides product and service attributes, a house’s investment performance and financial burden are important in shaping purchasers’ regret and satisfaction. The findings also show that some individual and purchase traits influence post-purchase evaluations and experiences.
The pathogenesis of syphilis: the Great Mimicker, revisited

Syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. Its protean clinical presentations earned it the name of the ‘Great Mimicker’. Understanding of disease pathogenesis and how host–pathogen interactions influence the course of disease have been compromised by the facts that the organism cannot be grown in vitro and, as an exclusively human pathogen, inferences made from animal models are of limited applicability. Many questions remain about how T. pallidum biology contributes to distinctive features of syphilis, such as its ability to persist in the presence of a brisk host response or its propensity for neuro‐invasion and congenital transmission. In 1998, the genome of T. pallidum was sequenced. The organism has a relatively small genome, suggesting that it utilizes host biosynthesis to fulfil some of its metabolic needs. While biological functions are suggested for only about 55% of T. pallidum's 1041 open reading frames, even these relatively early studies offer important insights into syphilis pathogenesis. A family of repeat genes, the Tp genes, encode proteins homologous to the major sheath proteins of T. denticola. Antibodies to the TprK variable regions are protective in a rabbit model. With successive passage, increasing diversity is observed in the TprK V region genes. Antigenic variation through gene conversion has been hypothesized to be one mechanism of escaping immune surveillance, allowing for prolonged infection and persistence in the presence of a robust host response. Human and animal studies suggest that a Th1 response is elicited in primary syphilis. Progression to the secondary stage is accompanied by a shift to a Th2 response, allowing for incomplete clearance of the pathogen. In pregnancy, intense inflammatory responses and prostaglandins induced by fetal infection may be responsible for fetal death or pre‐term delivery and severe growth retardation or other manifestations of congenital syphilis. Understanding of the molecular targets of these immune responses may facilitate the development of vaccines for syphilis. Copyright © 2006 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Locus of Control and Lupus: Patients' Beliefs, Perspectives, and Disease Activity

Patients with lupus often experience a high degree of psychological symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and mood disorders that can influence their beliefs and perceptions of their illness. The purpose of the study was to examine how a patient's self-reported psychosocial needs (depression and anxiety) and beliefs about how much control they have over their health (health locus of control) influences their perception of disease chronicity and acuity. The study findings were based on a survey of 378 patients self-diagnosed with lupus.
Manifold learning based supervised hyperspectral data classification method using class encoding

Manifold learning based unsupervised classification methods will be unable to obtain satisfactory results because of the lack of training samples. The employment of training samples' information makes manifold learning based classification become supervised, and thus brings the improvement on classification accuracy. In order to make full use of this information, we emphatically consider the hyperspectral data distribute by clusters. A novel supervised manifold learning method termed class encoding is proposed for hyperspectral data classification. The experimental results show that this algorithm has better classification performance than the existing supervised manifold learning algorithm.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) study of 691 pathological specimens from Quebec by PCR‐direct sequencing approach

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are etiological agents of cervical cancer. In order to address clinical demand for HPV detection and sequence typing, mostly in pre‐cancerous cervical lesions, we applied our two‐tier PCR‐direct sequencing (PCR‐DS) approach based on the use of both MY09/MY11 and GP5 + /GP6 + sets of primers. We tested 691 pathological specimens, all of which were biopsies, 75% of which were diagnosed histologically as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades I–III. In total, 484 samples (70%) tested HPV‐positive, yielding 531 HPV sequences from 47 HPV types, including two novel types. Four most frequently found HPV types accounted for 52.9% of all isolates: HPV6, 16, 11, and 31 (21.5%, 20.0%, 7.0%, and 4.5%, respectively). Some interesting results are the following: all currently known high‐risk HPV (14 types) and low‐risk HPV (6 types) were detected; HPV18 was not the 1st or 2nd but rather the 4th–5th most frequent high‐risk HPV type; the highest detection rate for HPV (86%) among samples suspected to be HPV‐infected was found in the youngest age group (0–10 years old), including 70% (44/63) “genital” HPV types; HPV types of undetermined cervical cancer risk represented 19% and of the total HPV isolates but were strongly increased in co‐infections (36.5% of all isolates). To our knowledge, this is the largest sequencing‐based study of HPV. The HPV types of unknown cancer risk, representing the majority of the known HPV types, 27 of the 47 types detected in this study, are not likely to play a major role in cervical cancer because their prevalence in CIN‐I, II, and III declines from 16% to 8% to 2.5%. The two‐tier PCR‐DS method provides greater sensitivity than cycle sequencing using only one pair of primers. It could be used in a simple laboratory setting for quick and reliable typing of known and novel HPV from clinical specimens with fine sequence precision. It could also be applied to anti‐cancer vaccine development. J. Med. Virol. 63:284–292, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High-efficiency linear amplification by dynamic load modulation

Load modulation is a new technique in which amplitude-modulated signals are produced with high efficiency by dynamic variation of the load impedance of the power amplifier. The prototype MOSFET PA operates in class E and produces a peak output of 19 W at 30 MHz with an efficiency of 66 percent. Load modulation is accomplished by a T network with a pair of high-voltage MOSFETs that act as a voltage-variable capacitor. The envelopes of a variety of different signals are successfully generated. For a Rayleigh (multi-carrier) envelope with a 10-dB peak-to-average ratio, the average efficiency is twice that achieved in linear operation of the same PA.
IT Doesn't Fit! The Influence of Culture on B2B in Thailand

Abstract This study investigates how Thai culture affects the use of internet-based business-to- business (B2B) technology in the Thai tourism industry. Extending Goodhue and Thompson's Task-Technology-Fit (TTF) model (1995), we develop the Task- Technology-Culture-Fit (TTCF) to consider, through the lens of strategic fit, how cultural fit impacts the adoption of B2B technology in the Thai tourism industry. The study explores, in particular, five dimensions of cultural fit and their implications for how the B2B technology is adopted. These dimensions are personal relationships, long-term relationships, inter-organisational trust, ability to communicate in the English language and western influence. Firms registered in the Thai tourism B2B e- marketplace were surveyed and the data was analysed via structural equation modelling with the partial least squares method. Results showed that more the B2B technology was perceived by the users to fit their culture, the more likely they were to use the technology. Nevertheless, task-technology fit still had a greater impact than culture on a firm's perceived performance.
Creativity from Constraint? How the Political Correctness Norm Influences Creativity in Mixed-sex Work Groups

As work organizations become increasingly gender diverse, existing theoretical models have failed to explain why such diversity can have a negative impact on idea generation. Using evidence from two group experiments, this paper tests theory on the effects of imposing a political correctness (PC) norm, one that sets clear expectations for how men and women should interact, on reducing interaction uncertainty and boosting creativity in mixed-sex groups. Our research shows that men and women both experience uncertainty when asked to generate ideas as members of a mixed-sex work group: men because they may fear offending the women in the group and women because they may fear having their ideas devalued or rejected. Most group creativity research begins with the assumption that creativity is unleashed by removing normative constraints, but our results show that the PC norm promotes rather than suppresses the free expression of ideas by reducing the uncertainty experienced by both sexes in mixed-sex work groups and signaling that the group is predictable enough to risk sharing more—and more-novel—ideas. Our results demonstrate that the PC norm, which is often maligned as a threat to free speech, may play an important role in promoting gender parity at work by allowing demographically heterogeneous work groups to more freely exchange creative ideas.
The exceptionally tight affinity of DnaA for ATP/ADP requires a unique aspartic acid residue in the AAA+ sensor 1 motif

Escherichia coli DnaA, an AAA+ superfamily protein, initiates chromosomal replication in an ATP‐binding‐dependent manner. Although DnaA has conserved Walker A/B motifs, it binds adenine nucleotides 10‐ to 100‐fold more tightly than do many other AAA+ proteins. This study shows that the DnaA Asp‐269 residue, located in the sensor 1 motif, plays a specific role in supporting high‐affinity ATP/ADP binding. The affinity of the DnaA D269A mutant for ATP/ADP is at least 10‐ to 100‐fold reduced compared with that of the wild‐type and DnaA R270A proteins. In contrast, the abilities of DnaA D269A to bind a typical DnaA box, unwind oriC duplex in the presence of elevated concentrations of ATP, load DnaB onto DNA and support minichromosomal replication in a reconstituted system are retained. Whereas the acidic Asp residue is highly conserved among eubacterial DnaA homologues, the corresponding residue in many other AAA+ proteins is Asn/Thr and in some AAA+ proteins these neutral residues are essential for ATP hydrolysis but not ATP binding. As the intrinsic ATPase activity of DnaA is extremely weak, this study reveals a novel and specific function for the sensor 1 motif in tight ATP/ADP binding, one that depends on the alternate key residue Asp.
Clinically Useful Measures to Assess the Effectiveness of Treatments: Hints for a Proper Choice with Special Emphasis on Cancer Research

Several absolute and relative measures useful to assess the consequences of treatments in cancer research are presented together with statistical methods suitable for computing the pertinent confidence intervals. The relationship of these measures with the parameters of the regression models commonly used in the analysis of survival data is elaborated upon. Three examples are elaborated, and conditions of interchangeability of the measures are discussed in detail. Finally, suggestions for the choice of the measure most appropriate for a specified data set are given.
Maternal Narcotic Addiction: Pregnancy Outcome in Patients Managed by a Specialized Drug‐Dependency Antenatal Clinic

EDITORIAL COMMENT: The obstetrician's concerns regarding maternal narcotic addiction in pregnancy are ft) difficulties in recognition (ii) results of management in pregnancy and (iii) the long‐term results for mother and child — we leave to our politicians and police the problems of prevention of drug trafficking and the socioeconomic ills on which the trade flourishes! This paper reports a relatively large experience, confirming that pregnancy results are satisfactory, although there are increased incidences of prematurity and fetal growth retardation. The problems of diagnosis and long‐term follow‐up remain.
New approach for correcting distortions in echo planar imaging

A new method is described that can correct the distortions due to multiple off‐resonance effects in echo planar imaging, including those caused by B0 field inhomogeneities, eddy currents, and gradient waveform imperfections. The proposed method uses a phase encoded acquisition and is as effective as the method of Chen and Wyricz (Chen and Wyricz, Magn Reson Med 1999;41:1206–1213) in correcting for distortions. Unlike Chen and Wyricz's approach, this new method works directly in distorted space and requires fewer scans. It also avoids the difficulties of phase unwrapping inherent in field mapping methods. Results using this new method with phantoms and human head scans at 3.0 T demonstrate the efficacy of the method in correcting distortions in both spin echo echo planar imaging (EPI) and gradient echo EPI. Magn Reson Med 52:1373–1378, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantifying the Degree of Movement Dissimilarity between Two Distinct Action Scenarios: An Exploratory Approach with Procrustes Analysis

Game consoles allow subjects to perform movements which are visually similar to the movements performed in ‘real’ world scenarios. Beyond entertainment, virtual reality devices are being used in several domains: sports performance; motor rehabilitation; training of risk professions. This article presents the Procrustes method to measure the degree of dissimilarity between movements performed in ‘real’ and ‘virtual’ scenarios. For this purpose, the 501 darts game and a video darts game played on a console were used. The participants’ arm throwing movements were video recorded and digitized. The matrices of x and y coordinates of the movements of the wrist, elbow, and shoulder in both performance scenarios were subjected to the Procrustes method. The wrist displays the most extreme dissimilarity values (higher than elbow and shoulder). Results also revealed smaller dissimilarity values for movements performed under the same conditions (e.g., real–real) and larger dissimilarity values between movements performed in different scenarios.
Real-Time P2P Traffic Identification

Accurate and fast identification of network traffic is an important element of many network management tasks such as QoS provisioning and security monitoring. However, as many newly-emerged Peer-to-Peer (P2P) applications using dynamic port numbers, masquerading techniques, and payload encryption to avoid detection, the classical approaches based on port mapping and payload analysis are ineffective. An alternative approach is to classify traffic by distinguishing the behavior of an application within the first few packets of TCP connection. We pursue this approach and demonstrate that information of few packets is enough to effectively identify P2P traffic. In our work, C4.5 decision tree and REPTree are evaluated and compared with the previously used clustering method K-Means. Experimental results show that our approaches outperform K- Means algorithm in accuracy. In addition, the proposed approaches can accommodate known and unknown P2P traffic and even encrypted traffic in fast and accurate way, which ensures the real-time applications on the Internet traffic surveillance and QoS provisioning.
Detecting Useless Critical Pairs

The critical pair/completion (CPC) technique was initiated in the mid sixties in three separated areas: theorem proving [12], polynomial ideal theory [3] and term rewriting [9]. For theoretical and practical reasons, improvements of CPC algorithms were developed in two main directions. The rst one concerns strategies for selecting critical pairs. In [10], strategies consisting in adding the new critical pairs in a stack or in queue are investigated: the rst one can fail even if another strategy succeeds whereas the second one always succeeds in the same situation. Other strategies consist in reducing critical pairs in parallel [1] and have shown to be e cient since the previously intractable cyclic 9 problem is solved using such a strategy in [6]. The second direction of improvement consists in nding criteria for detecting useless critical pairs. Buchberger introduced such a criterion in the context of polynomial ideal theory in [4] which was adapted to term rewriting systems in [13]. The presented work concerns the detection of useless critical pairs of rewriting systems whose underlying set of terms is a vector space. We are studying such rewriting systems since the theory of Gröbner bases concerns rewriting in a large class of algebraic structures (polynomial, tensor or Lie algebras, operads, invariant rings.) and we want that our framework generalises these various structures. For these structures, several criteria based on the so-called syzygies were introduced [7, 8, 11] for avoiding useless critical pairs during completion. As shown in [2], the computation of syzygies does not only enable us to reject critical pairs but to reject useless reductions. By useless reductions, we mean that all the critical pairs created from these reductions are useless. The downside of this approach is that useless reductions cannot be used to reduce terms into normal forms. In this work, we introduce a lattice criterion for reducing the number of examinations of critical pairs. For that, we consider rewrite relations −→ on a vector space V which admit decompositions
Medical and neurological complications of ischemic stroke: experience from the RANTTAS trial. RANTTAS Investigators.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Medical and neurological complications after acute ischemic stroke may adversely impact outcome and in some cases may be preventable. Limited data exist regarding the frequency of such complications occurring in the first days after the ictus and the relationship of these complications to outcome. Our objective was to identify the types, severity, and frequency of medical and neurological complications following acute ischemic stroke and to determine their role in mortality and functional outcome. METHODS Rates of serious (life-threatening) and nonserious medical and neurological complications and mortality were derived from the placebo limb of the Randomized Trial of Tirilazad Mesylate in Acute Stroke (RANTTAS) database (n=279). Complications were correlated with clinical outcome using logistic regression techniques. RESULTS Of all patients, 95% had at least one complication. The most common serious medical complication was pneumonia (5%), and the most common serious neurological complication was new cerebral infarction or extension of the admission infarction (5%). The 3-month mortality was 14%; 51% of these deaths were attributed primarily to medical complications. Outcome was significantly worse in patients with serious medical complications, after adjustment for baseline imbalances, as measured by the Barthel Index (odds ratio [OR], 6.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5 to 15.1) and by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (OR, 11.6; 95% CI, 4.3 to 30.9). After death was discounted, serious medical complications were associated with severe disability at 3 months as determined by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.3 to 14.8). CONCLUSIONS Medical complications that follow ischemic stroke not only influence mortality but may influence functional outcome.