Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects Of The Allocation Of Attention Congruent With Lateralized Cognitive Tasks On EEG Coherence Measurements

The single task condition of the Urbanczyk and Kennelly (1991) study was conducted while recording a continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) record. Attention was allocated by instructed lateral head orienting and eye gaze either congruently or incongruently with lateralized cognitive tasks. Thirty university subjects retained a digit span or a spatial location span for a 20 second retention interval. EEG data were extracted from the 20 second retention intervals and interhemispheric coherence was calculated for homologous sites in the temporal, parietal and occipital regions of the brain. There was a main effect for group, with congruent orienting producing greater coherence values than incongruent orienting. This effect of attention on alpha coherence values was found in the low alpha (8-10 Hz) frequency band. This provides evidence that the lower alpha frequency band is reflective of manipulations of attention. The higher coherence measures for the congruent orienting group indicates that homologous regions of the two hemispheres are more coupled into a single system when lateralized attention activates the same hemisphere performing the cognitive task. In the higher alpha frequency band (11-13 Hz) group, sex, site and task interacted. This provides evidence that the higher alpha band is more affected by cognitive processing of the specific task undertaken. An interhemispheric brain system, affected by the lateral orientation of attention, may underlie psychometric intelligence's general “g” ability (Spearman, 1927.)
Knowledge flow in the open innovation model the effects of ICT capacities and open innovation practices on knowledge streams

The open innovation model (OI) allows high-tech firms to enhance internal R&D capabilities by acquiring knowledge from external sources (inward knowledge flow), as well as to maximize earnings by using external paths to market for internally generated knowledge (outward knowledge flow). To accomplish this, firms that adopt the OI model capitalize on a set of OI practices and specific technologies to facilitate the inward and outward knowledge streams. In this study, we argue that the dimensions of OI practices have a direct effect on knowledge flow. Furthermore, by leveraging the media synchronicity theory, we propose that information and communication technology (ICT) capacities moderate the effects of these dimensions. A causal model to explain the relationships between the variables is proposed.
Why polymer chains in a melt are not random walks

A cornerstone of modern polymer physics is the “Flory ideality hypothesis” which states that a chain in a polymer melt adopts “ideal” random-walk–like conformations. Here we revisit theoretically and numerically this pivotal assumption and demonstrate that there are noticeable deviations from ideality. The deviations come from the interplay of chain connectivity and the incompressibility of the melt, leading to an effective repulsion between chain segments of all sizes s. The amplitude of this repulsion increases with decreasing s where chain segments become more and more swollen. We illustrate this swelling by an analysis of the form factor F(q), i.e. the scattered intensity at wave vector q resulting from intramolecular interferences of a chain. A “Kratky plot” of q2F(q) vs. q does not exhibit the plateau for intermediate wave vectors characteristic of ideal chains. One rather finds a conspicuous depression of the plateau, δ(F−1(q))=|q|3/32ρ, which increases with q and only depends on the monomer density ρ.
Money Demand and the Potential of Seigniorage in China

Since 1978 China has been experiencing a strong monetary growth. However annual inflation has not exceeded 20%. One of the outcomes has been a high level of seigniorage. This paper looks for the factors that have enabled to collect this quasi-inflation-free revenue and asks the question of whether or not China can still rely on this kind of financing. For this purpose, an augmented Cagan's money demand is specified which takes into account the transitional characteristics of this economy. A Laffer type model is derived from it and provides an analysis of the dynamics of the potential of seigniorage.
Aging and cognition : mental processes, self-awareness, and interventions

Basic concepts in cognition and aging (E.A. Lovelace). Automaticity of encoding and episodic memory processes (D.H. Kausler). Adult age differences in memory for pictures and images (A.D. Smith and D.C. Park). Aging and attention: Selectivity, capacity, and arousal (D.J. Plude and J.A. Doussard-Roosevelt). Age-related deficits in cognitive-motor skills (N.L. Goggin and G.E. Stelmach). Aging and metacognitions concerning memory function (E.A. Lovelace). I believe, therefore I can: Self-efficacy beliefs in memory aging (J.C. Cavanaugh and E.E. Green). Memory interventions in aging populations (S. Kotler-Cope and C.J. Camp). Current issues in cognitive training research (S.L. Willis). Aging and word retrieval: Selective age deficits in language (D.M. Burke and G.D. Laver). The way reading and listening work: A tutorial review of discourse processing and aging (E.A.L. Stine). Adult age differences in traditional and practical problem solving (N.W. Denney). Interactions between personality and cognition and their implications for theories of aging (D.P. Gold and T.Y. Arbuckle). Intellectual abilities and age: Concepts, theories and analyses (W.R. Cunningham and A. Tomer). Cognitive aging : A summary overview (E.A. Lovelace). Author index. Subject index.
Molecular Typing of Treponema pallidum in the Czech Republic during 2011 to 2013: Increased Prevalence of Identified Genotypes and of Isolates with Macrolide Resistance

ABSTRACT From January 2011 to December 2013, a total of 262 samples, from 188 patients suspected of having syphilis were tested for the presence of treponemal DNA by PCR amplification of five chromosomal loci, including the polA (TP0105), tmpC (TP0319), TP0136, TP0548, and 23S rRNA genes. Altogether, 146 samples from 103 patients were PCR positive for treponemal DNA. A set of 81 samples from 62 PCR-positive patients were typeable, and among them, nine different genotypes were identified. Compared to a previous study in the Czech Republic during 2004 to 2010, the number of genotypes detected among syphilis patients in a particular year increased to six in both 2012 and 2013, although they were not the same six. The proportion of macrolide-resistant clinical isolates in this 3-year study was 66.7%.
Statistical machine translation of Croatian weather forecast: How much data do we need?

This research is a first step towards a system for translating Croatian weather forecast into multiple languages. This steps deals with the Croatian-English language pair. The parallel corpus consists of a one-year sample of the weather forecasts for the Adriatic consisting of 7,893 sentence pairs. Evaluation is performed by best known automatic evaluation measures BLUE, NIST and METEOR, as well as by evaluating manually a sample of 200 translations. In this research we have shown that with a small-sized training set and the state-of-the art Moses system, decoding can be done with 96% accuracy concerning adequacy and fluency. Additional improvement is to be expected by increasing the training set size.
Phonological and Lexical Coding in Verbal Short-Term-Memory and Learning

A patient with selective auditory phonological coding defect is described. He also showed a defective auditory verbal short-term memory but could learn lists of words flawlessly, thus closely resembling patients with pure short-term memory defects. We argue that the patient's functional defect could be conceived as a capacity limitation of the phonological short-term store. An experimental evaluation of his verbal short- and long-term memory performances allows a discussion of the interaction of phonological and lexical coding processes in verbal short-term memory and learning.
Altered Gliclazide Metabolic Pathway and its Implications on Increased Therapeutic Response in CYP 2 C 9 * 2 : Molecular Dynamics simulation and Autodock Studies

Among sulfonylureas, gliclazide is prescribed to 80% of the diabetic population and mainly metabolized by CYP2C9 in Caucasians. Our data shows that the orientation of the substrate is changed and therefore, the site of oxidation with respect to heme-Fe is altered in *2. This leads to an altered metabolic pathway in *2 and it is a rate limiting step in gliclazide metabolism. Our results also show that the position of 7-propionate side chain of ring A and 6-propionate side chain of ring D is flipped in *2 and thus, the stability of heme and oxidative potential of substrate in the active binding pocket are reduced. In summary, the altered pathway, and instability of heme and the substrate in the active site are contributing to decreased metabolic activity consistent with greater therapeutic response observed in patients carrying CYP2C9 *2 allele.
Relative Liveness: From Intuition to Automated Verification

We define a new liveness condition for asynchronous circuits. Although finitary (finite-execution) descriptions are not powerful enough to express general liveness properties, those liveness properties needed in practice appear to be related in a unique manner to finitary descriptions. Our liveness condition exploits this observation and is defined directly on finitary descriptions, in two forms: one on finite trace structures and the other on finite automata. We prove the equivalence of these two forms. We also introduce a safety condition and derive theorems for the modular and hierarchical verification theorems of both safety and liveness. Finally, we give an algorithm for verifying our liveness condition.
Death in two Canadian intensive care units: Institutional difference and changes over time

Objective: To study and compare the mode of death in two different institutions' intensive care units (ICUs) for the two time periods, 1988 and 1993. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Medical/surgical/trauma ICUs in two tertiary care teaching hospitals. Patients: Patients dying in the medical/surgical/trauma ICUs between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1988; and January 1, 1993 and December 31, 1993. Data collection included demographics, origin of admission, date of ICU admission, date of death, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III diagnostic categories, APACHE II physiologic variables, organ system failures present at the time of admission and 24 hrs before death, and mode of dying. APACHE II scores and mortality risk were calculated. Data analysis included a multiple analysis of variance to assess overall effect, with subsequent analyses of variance to assess the effect of institution and year on each individual dependent variable. All results are reported as mean ± SEM values. Results: A total of 439 charts were reviewed. Gender, age, and origin of admission were not different between the 2 yrs or the two institutions. Mean APACHE II scores and organ system failures were lower at Hospital A in 1998 vs. Hospital B, as was predicted mortality. These factors increased at Hospital A in 1993 and were similar to those at Hospital B. Withdrawal of support was much more common in 1993 than 1988 at both institutions (43% at Hospital A and 46% at Hospital B in 1988 vs. 66% at A and 80% at B in 1993), increasing to a greater extent in 1993 at Hospital B (p < .05). Length of stay in the ICU was significantly longer at Hospital A than at Hospital B in 1988 (9.4 ± 1.4 vs. 4.3 ± 0.6 days; p < .05) and in 1993 (8.2 ± 2.9 vs. 3.8 ± 0.5 days; p < .05). Conclusions: There has been an increase in withdrawal of life support, in recent years, at both the institutions studied. Differences exist between institutions with respect to end‐of‐life decisions in the ICU. These differences are likely representative of widely prevalent regional differences and are the result of many factors.
TierStore: A Distributed Filesystem for Challenged Networks in Developing Regions

TierStore is a distributed filesystem that simplifies the development and deployment of applications in challenged network environments, such as those in developing regions. For effective support of bandwidth-constrained and intermittent connectivity, it uses the Delay Tolerant Networking store-and-forward network overlay and a publish/subscribe-based multicast replication protocol. TierStore provides a standard filesystem interface and a single-object coherence approach to conflict resolution which, when augmented with application-specific handlers, is both sufficient for many useful applications and simple to reason about for programmers. In this paper, we show how these properties enable easy adaptation and robust deployment of applications even in highly intermittent networks and demonstrate the flexibility and bandwidth savings of our prototype with initial evaluation results.
Evaluation of the performance of open-source RDBMS and triplestores for storing medical data over a web service

An integral part of a system that manages medical data is the persistent storage engine. For almost twenty five years Relational Database Management Systems(RDBMS) were considered the obvious decision, yet today new technologies have emerged that require our attention as possible alternatives. Triplestores store information in terms of RDF triples without necessarily binding to a specific predefined structural model. In this paper we present an attempt to compare the performance of Apache JENA-Fuseki and the Virtuoso Universal Server 6 triplestores with that of MySQL 5.6 RDBMS for storing and retrieving medical information that it is communicated as RDF/XML ontology instances over a RESTful web service. The results show that the performance, calculated as average time of storing and retrieving instances, is significantly better using Virtuoso Server while MySQL performed better than Fuseki.
Fast spiral-scan atomic force microscopy

In this paper, we describe a new scanning technique for fast atomic force microscopy. In this method, the sample is scanned in a spiral pattern instead of the well established raster pattern. A spiral scan can be produced by applying single frequency cosine and sine signals with slowly varying amplitudes to the x-axis and y-axis of an atomic force microscope (AFM) scanner respectively. The use of the single tone input signals allows the scanner to move at high speeds without exciting the mechanical resonance of the device and with relatively small control efforts. Experimental results obtained by implementing this technique on a commercial AFM indicate that high-quality images can be generated at scan frequencies well beyond the raster scans.
A Reflective and Quantitative Investigation of Relationships Between Aural Dictation, Sight Singing, Performance and Composition Skills

This study combined two independent investigations into the relationships between aural dictation, sight singing, performance and composition skills. The first investigation involved the composition of a suite of piano pieces as a means of reflecting on the functional relationships between these skills. These reflections found evidence for strong relationships between skills. The second investigation involved results obtained from the NSW Board of Studies Music 2 2010 and 2011 HSC Examinations. Data was taken from the mandatory aural dictation, sight singing, performance and composition examination tasks. The statistical correlation between each task was examined with the highest correlations being between aural dictation and sight singing. Further analysis of top achieving students found that top results in multipart aural dictations were the best predictor of high achievement in other skill areas including sight singing, performance and composition.
Morpho-syntactic Clues for Terminological Processing in Serbian

In this paper we discuss morpho-syntactic clues that can be used to facilitate terminological processing in Serbian. A method (called srCe) for automatic extraction of multiword terms is presented. The approach incorporates a set of generic morpho-syntactic filters for recognition of term candidates, a method for conflation of morphological variants and a module for foreign word recognition. Morpho-syntactic filters describe general term formation patterns, and are implemented as generic regular expressions. The inner structure together with the agreements within term candidates are used as clues to discover the boundaries of nested terms. The results of the terminological processing of a textbook corpus in the domains of mathematics and computer science are presented.
Demonstration of dynamic resource sharing benefits in an optical C-RAN

The next generation of mobile communication (i.e., 5G) will bring new challenges for the transport infrastructure, e.g., in terms of flexibility and capacity. The joint orchestration of radio and transport resources can help to address some of these challenges. One example is the possibility of reconfiguring the use of the transport network resources according to the spatial and temporal variations of the wireless traffic patterns. Using the concept of dynamic resource sharing, a limited pool of transport resources can be shared among a large number of radio base stations (RBSs), thus reducing considerably the overall deployment cost of the transport infrastructure. This paper proposes a provisioning strategy for a centralized radio access network with an optical transport whose wavelength resources can be dynamically shared among multiple RBSs. The proposed strategy utilizes a hierarchical software-defined networking control plane where a global orchestrator optimizes the usage of radio and transport resources. The benefits of the proposed strategy are assessed both by simulation and by experiment via an optical data plane emulator developed for this purpose. It is shown that the dynamic resource sharing can save up to 31.4% of transport resources compared to a conventional dimensioning approach, i.e., based on the overprovi`sioning of wavelength resources.
Design and evaluation of an adaptive traffic conditioner for differentiated services networks

We design and evaluate an adaptive traffic conditioner to improve application performance over the differentiated services assured forwarding behavior. The conditioner is adaptive because the marking algorithm changes based upon the current number of flows traversing through an edge router. If there are a small number of flows, the conditioner maintains and uses state information to intelligently protect critical TCP packets. On the other hand, if there are many flows going through the edge router, the conditioner only uses flow characteristics as indicated in the TCP packet headers to mark without requiring per flow state. Simulation results indicate that this adaptive conditioner improves throughput of data extensive applications like large FTP transfers, and achieves low packet delays and response times for Telnet and WWW traffic.
Bullying Prevention: Creating a Positive School Climate and Developing Social Competence

Bullying is the most prevalent form of violence in American schools. In their new book "Bullying Prevention", authors Pamela Orpinas and Andy Horne bring together years of experience in research and applied behavioral sciences to show how educators, school psychologists, counselors, and other professionals can address the problem of bullying and aggression in schools. Readers will find definitions, statistics, and theories that will help them identify and characterize bullying. They will learn about the authors' School Social Development and Bullying Prevention Model, a blueprint for schools that students, teachers, and parents enjoy being a part of. This model shows how school professionals can prevent and reduce bullying by creating a positive environment and by ensuring all children have the social skills to communicate well and solve problems without aggression. The book has guidance in selecting research-based bullying prevention programs, and steps for assessing a school's needs and for evaluating a program's effectiveness. The book also offers practical strategies for helping the children who are targets of bullying, and discusses counseling and family interventions for children who continue to bully despite positive changes in the school and classroom environment. A rich resource section contains a wide range of bullying-related readings, manuals, and tools available on the Internet.
The Impact of Social Networks on user Privacy - What Social Networks Really Learn about Their Users!

Millions of users voluntarily release private and business data at community platforms without considering potential impacts on their real lives that may come along with that. Being used for personalized advertisement or profiling, user data are of utmost importance for economic success of the platform. Hence, platform providers exploit all promising options to gather data while privacy seems partially to be a pain for them. Beside data voluntarily released by the user, there are techniques and methods to secretly gather more user data, e.g., by proper fusion of miscellaneous information such as analysis of websites visited or social games played. In this article we investigate obvious as well as concealed data gathering options of platform providers. By that we uncover the true detailedness of user data collected by social networks to document our key message, i.e., social networks know EVERYTHING about their users. Finally, we discuss why existing privacy protecting solutions cannot stand up with the threats and risks resulting from easygoing use of social networks.
Stochastic analysis of multi-tier nanonetworks in THz band

Future nanonetworks are formed by large numbers of autonomous, nano-sized sensors. These are often envisioned to be paired with one or more layers of higher complexity devices, providing access to the external networks. The number of devices sharing the same frequency resources can theoretically be very high, up to several hundreds per square meter. This causes the overall interference of the network to increase with the complexity of the network. In this work, stochastic geometry is utilized to derive the moments of the summed interference in the case of multi-tier nanonetworks in the terahertz frequency band (0.1--10 THz). All the devices in all the tiers of the network are assumed to be Poisson distributed. Based on this assumption, models for the moments of interference are derived and they are shown by computer simulations to predict the mean interference and its higher moments exactly.
Analysis of the Effectiveness-Efficiency Dependence for Image Retrieval

Similarity search in image database is commonly implemented as nearest-neighbor search in a feature space of the images. For that purpose, a large number of different features as well as different search algorithms have been proposed in literature. While the efficiency aspect of similarity search has attracted a great interest in the past few years, the effectiveness of the search was often neglected. In this work, however, we argue that these two measures interplay with each other. The longer the feature representation is, the better the quality of the retrieval gets, but the larger the execution costs become. In other words, an improvement in effectiveness leads to a deterioration of performance and vice versa. The aim of this work is to explicitly take both measures into account to optimize the retrieval both form a quality perspective and a performance perspective. To this end, we define a benchmark including a measure for the efficiency and the effectiveness of a feature. Then one can compare different features or feature combinations using simple two-dimensional plots. Based on the quality and performance constraints of a user, the search engine can easily determine the optimal feature or feature combination. Finally, we have applied our benchmark to a large number of different feature types to compare their effectiveness-efficiency relationship.