Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A MapReduce-Enabled Scientific Workflow Framework with Optimization Scheduling Algorithm

As the data collection volumes growing rapidly, some complex computation are beyond the ability of our classical process methods. A framework combine between MapReduce and workflow can present a good contribution to this problem through parallel processing for the largescale systems. Currently there are several researches on the scheduling policy for this combination framework in homogeneous cluster or simple heterogeneous cluster, however the scheduling on MapReduce-level and workflow-level are detached. Thus we firstly propose a MapReduce-enabled scientific workflow integrated with an optimization scheduling algorithm to consider both level simultaneously and to support complex heterogeneous environment. Our new Model comprise two components: The job prioritizing module to compute the priorities of all jobs, and the task assignment module to allocate suitable slots for each block and schedule the tasks with respect to data-local. We prove by experiment that in our combination framework the new scheduler policy (MRWS) outperforms other polices in this area.
Answer Selection in Arabic Community Question Answering: A Feature-Rich Approach

The task of answer selection in community question answering consists of identifying pertinent answers from a pool of user-generated comments related to a question. The recent SemEval-2015 introduced a shared task on community question answering, providing a corpus and evaluation scheme. In this paper we address the problem of answer selection in Arabic. Our proposed model includes a manifold of features including lexical and semantic similarities, vector representations, and rankings. We investigate the contribution of each set of features in a supervised setting. We show that employing a feature combination by means of a linear support vector machine achieves a better performance than that of the competition winner (F1 of 79.25 compared to 78.55).
Incorporating human aspects in ambient intelligence and smart environments

In this chapter, we propose to outline the scientific area that addresses Ambient Intelligence applications in which not only sensor data, but also knowledge from the human-directed sciences such as biomedical science, neuroscience, and psychological and social sciences is incorporated. This knowledge enables the environment to perform more in-depth, human-like analyses of the functioning of the observed humans, and to come up with better informed actions. A structured approach to embed human knowledge in Ambient Intelligence applications is presented an illustrated using two examples, one on automated visual attention manipulation, and another on the assessment of the behaviour of a car driver.
STABILITY PROPERTIES IN HAMILTONIAN PERTURBATIONS OF RESONANT PDE'S WITH SYMMETRY: THE CASE OF NLS1

In this paper we present some stability results for Hamiltonian PDE's which have an exact symmetry, and are perturbations of a linear resonant system. We also give an application to the nonlinear Schrr odinger equation constructing innnitely many families of periodical orbits, one of which is orbitally stable, and innnitely many families of \approximatively invariant" 2-dimensional tori, which are stable over very long times.
Status and recommendations on college sports culture research

College sports culture,as an intersection and integration of higher education and sports culture system,is an important part of social sports culture as well as campus culture.With the methods of literature and comparative study,the paper analyzed the college sports culture and explored the limitation of current college sports culture study and the necessity for further studies.Finally,reasonable recommendations are proposed to continue the extensive and in-depth study on college sports culture.
Selective Imaging of Extended Reflectors in Two-Dimensional Waveguides

We consider the problem of selective imaging extended reflectors in waveguides using the response matrix of the scattered field obtained with an active array. Selective imaging amounts to being able to focus at the edges of a reflector, which typically give rise to weaker echoes than those coming from its main body. To this end, we propose a selective imaging method that uses projections on low-rank subspaces of a weighted modal projection of the array response matrix, $\widehat{\mathbb{P}}(\omega)$. We analyze theoretically our imaging method for a simplified model problem where the scatterer is a vertical one-dimensional perfect reflector. In this case, we show that the rank of $\widehat{\mathbb{P}}(\omega)$ equals the size of the reflector divided by the cross-range array resolution. We also derive analytic expressions for the singular vectors of $\widehat{\mathbb{P}}(\omega)$ and carry out a detailed theoretical analysis of our selective imaging functional. Our numerical simulations are in very good a.
Genistein suppresses leptin‐induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and neointima formation

Obesity is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and is associated with a marked increase in circulating leptin concentration. Leptin is a peptide hormone mainly produced by adipose tissue and is regulated by energy level, hormones and various inflammatory mediators. Genistein is an isoflavone that exhibits diverse health‐promoting effects. Here, we investigated whether genistein suppressed the atherogenic effect induced by leptin. The A10 cells were treated with leptin and/or genistein, and then the cell proliferation and migration were analysed. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteins levels were also measured, such as p44/42MAPK, cell cycle‐related protein (cyclin D1 and p21) and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2). Immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis were used for the neointima formation in a rat carotid artery injury model. Genistein (5 μM) significantly inhibited both the proliferation and migration of leptin (10 ng/ml)‐stimulated A10 cells. In accordance with these finding, genistein decreased the leptin‐stimulated ROS production and phosphorylation of the p44/42MAPK signal transduction pathway. Meanwhile, genistein reversed the leptin‐induced expression of cyclin D1, and cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor, p21. Genistein attenuated leptin‐induced A10 cell migration by inhibiting MMP‐2 activity. Furthermore, the leptin (0.25 mg/kg)‐augmented neointima formation in a rat carotid artery injury model was attenuated in the genistein (5 mg/kg body weight)‐treated group when compared with the balloon injury plus leptin group. Genistein was capable of suppressing the atherogenic effects of leptin in vitro and in vivo, and may be a promising candidate drug in the clinical setting.
Task model of lower body motion for a biped humanoid robot to imitate human dances

The goal of this study is developing a biped humanoid robot that can observe a human dance performance and imitate it. To achieve this goal, we propose a task model of lower body motion, which consists of task primitives (what to do) and skill parameters (how to do it). Based on this model, a sequence of task primitives and their skill parameters are detected from human motion, and robot motion is regenerated from the detected result under constraints of a robot. This model can generate human-like lower body motion including various waist motions as well as various stepping motions of the legs. Generated motions can be performed stably on an actual robot supported by its own legs. We used improved robot hardware HRP-2, which has superior features in body weight, actuators, and DOF of the waist. By using the proposed method and HRP-2, we have realized a dance performance of Japanese folk dance by the robot, which is synchronized with a performance of a human grand master on the same stage.
Ice-sheet model sensitivities to environmental forcing and their use in projecting future sea level (the SeaRISE project)

Abstract Ten ice-sheet models are used to study sensitivity of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to prescribed changes of surface mass balance, sub-ice-shelf melting and basal sliding. Results exhibit a large range in projected contributions to sea-level change. In most cases, the ice volume above flotation lost is linearly dependent on the strength of the forcing. Combinations of forcings can be closely approximated by linearly summing the contributions from single forcing experiments, suggesting that nonlinear feedbacks are modest. Our models indicate that Greenland is more sensitive than Antarctica to likely atmospheric changes in temperature and precipitation, while Antarctica is more sensitive to increased ice-shelf basal melting. An experiment approximating the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s RCP8.5 scenario produces additional first-century contributions to sea level of 22.3 and 8.1 cm from Greenland and Antarctica, respectively, with a range among models of 62 and 14 cm, respectively. By 200 years, projections increase to 53.2 and 26.7 cm, respectively, with ranges of 79 and 43 cm. Linear interpolation of the sensitivity results closely approximates these projections, revealing the relative contributions of the individual forcings on the combined volume change and suggesting that total ice-sheet response to complicated forcings over 200 years can be linearized.
Analytical Properties of Credibilistic Expectation Functions

The expectation function of fuzzy variable is an important and widely used criterion in fuzzy optimization, and sound properties on the expectation function may help in model analysis and solution algorithm design for the fuzzy optimization problems. The present paper deals with some analytical properties of credibilistic expectation functions of fuzzy variables that lie in three aspects. First, some continuity theorems on the continuity and semicontinuity conditions are proved for the expectation functions. Second, a differentiation formula of the expectation function is derived which tells that, under certain conditions, the derivative of the fuzzy expectation function with respect to the parameter equals the expectation of the derivative of the fuzzy function with respect to the parameter. Finally, a law of large numbers for fuzzy variable sequences is obtained leveraging on the Chebyshev Inequality of fuzzy variables. Some examples are provided to verify the results obtained.
Mean field LQG games with a major player: Continuum parameters for minor players

We consider a mean field LQG game model with a major player and a large number of minor players which are parametrized by a continuum set. We approximate the mean field generated by the minor players by a kernel representation using the Brownian motion of the major player, and local optimal control problems are solved for both the major player and a representative minor player via backward stochastic differential equations. The resulting set of decentralized control strategies based on consistent mean field approximations is shown to have an ε-Nash equilibrium property.
The Determinants of Management Expenses

This paper develops a model which explains the determinants of the management expenses charged by U.S. equity funds. The study shows that for high quality managers, an increase in quality is associated with higher fees. In contrast, as the quality of the lower quality managers deteriorates, their fees increase. A non-linear negative relationship is found between the size of a fund and its management expenses. Economies of scope are also shown to exist between the number of funds within a mutual fund complex and the management expenses charged investors. Finally, while 12b-1 fees have been thought of as a substitute for load charges, this paper suggests that they are complements.
Implementing position-invariant detection of feature-conjunctions in a network of spiking neurons

The design of neural networks that are able to efficiently detect conjunctions of features is an important open challenge. We develop a feedforward spiking neural network that requires a constant number of neurons for detecting a conjunction irrespective of the size of the retinal input field, and for up to four simultaneously present feature-conjunctions.
Iterative MapReduce for Large Scale Machine Learning

Large datasets ("Big Data") are becoming ubiquitous because the potential value in deriving insights from data, across a wide range of business and scientific applications, is increasingly recognized. In particular, machine learning - one of the foundational disciplines for data analysis, summarization and inference - on Big Data has become routine at most organizations that operate large clouds, usually based on systems such as Hadoop that support the MapReduce programming paradigm. It is now widely recognized that while MapReduce is highly scalable, it suffers from a critical weakness for machine learning: it does not support iteration. Consequently, one has to program around this limitation, leading to fragile, inefficient code. Further, reliance on the programmer is inherently flawed in a multi-tenanted cloud environment, since the programmer does not have visibility into the state of the system when his or her program executes. Prior work has sought to address this problem by either developing specialized systems aimed at stylized applications, or by augmenting MapReduce with ad hoc support for saving state across iterations (driven by an external loop). In this paper, we advocate support for looping as a first-class construct, and propose an extension of the MapReduce programming paradigm called {\em Iterative MapReduce}. We then develop an optimizer for a class of Iterative MapReduce programs that cover most machine learning techniques, provide theoretical justifications for the key optimization steps, and empirically demonstrate that system-optimized programs for significant machine learning tasks are competitive with state-of-the-art specialized solutions.
Later-life structural and functional consequences of youth exposure to repeated head impacts

Youth football players ages 8-12 may incur hundreds of repeated head impacts (RHI) each season. Evidence suggests concussive brain injury during childhood may disrupt normal developmental processes resulting in long-term impairments. However, little research has investigated the long-term effects of incurring RHI during critical periods of neurodevelopment. Rapid myelination and cerebral blood flow rates, peaks in regional cortical thickness and volumes of specific structures, refinement of regional connectivity, and other neurodevelopmental changes occurring in the brain from ages 1012 could create a window of vulnerability to RHI. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between exposure to RHI prior to age 12, during a critical period of neurodevelopment, and later-life brain structure and function. Former National Football League (NFL) players ages 40-65 were divided into two groups based on their age of first exposure (AFE) to RHI through tackle football: AFE <12 and AFE ≥12. In the first study, we observed significantly lower scores on objective tests of executive functioning, memory, and estimated verbal IQ in those who began playing football prior
Current and Future Challenges in the Visualization of Large Networks

Graph drawing enables visual representation of graphs. A graph is typically drawn as a node-link diagram, where nodes of the graph are drawn as points, icons, or texts; edges are drawn as a line linking two nodes. The usefulness of this visual representation is dependent on whether the drawing faithfully represents the information in the graph in a readable fashion. For example, geometric proximity between nodes in the layout should reflect their proximity in the graph, hence edges should be kept short. Nodes, on the other hand, should be well separated. A good drawing is often aesthetic looking. While there are no strict criteria for aesthetics of a drawing, it is generally agreed upon, for example, that in such a drawing, edges have minimal crossing, vertices are evenly distributed in the space, and are close to each other if connected by an edge. Finally, any symmetries that may exist in the graph are reflected in the drawing.
K-shell radiation physics in low-to moderate-atomic-number z-pinch plasmas on the Z accelerator

Dense z-pinches produced by 100 ns implosions of wire arrays or gas puffs produce substantial soft X-ray power. One class of z-pinch radiation sources includes lowto moderate-atomic-number K-shell radiators, such as aluminum and iron. These loads are designed for 1–10 keV K-shell X-ray generation, and offer opportunities for crystal spectroscopy that can reveal fundamental properties of the plasma when studied using plasma spectroscopic modeling. Typically these plasmas are characterized by ion densities of 10 cm , diameters of 1–5mm, electron temperatures up to several keV, and a range of opacities of the K-shell lines. Measurements from wire arrays on Sandia’s 20MA Z accelerator are presented along with see front matter r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. jqsrt.2005. 05.027 ding author. Tel. : +1 505 284 9481; fax: +1 505 845 7685. ress: bmjones@sandia.gov (B. Jones). a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the s Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC04-
Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase Kinase/Calmodulin Kinase I Activity Gates Extracellular-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation

Intracellular Ca2+ and protein phosphorylation play pivotal roles in long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular model of learning and memory. Ca2+ regulates multiple intracellular pathways, including the calmodulin-dependent kinases (CaMKs) and the ERKs (extracellular signal-regulated kinases), both of which are required for LTP. However, the mechanism by which Ca2+ activates ERK during LTP remains unknown. Here, we describe a requirement for the CaMK-kinase (CaMKK) pathway upstream of ERK in LTP induction. Both the pharmacological inhibitor of CaMKK, STO-609, and dominant-negative CaMKI (dnCaMKI), a downstream target of CaMKK, blocked neuronal NMDA receptor-dependent ERK activation. In contrast, an inhibitor of CaMKII and nuclear-localized dnCaMKIV had no effect on ERK activation. NMDA receptor-dependent LTP induction robustly activated CaMKI, the Ca2+-stimulated Ras activator Ras-GRF1 (Ras-guanyl-nucleotide releasing factor), and ERK. STO-609 blocked the activation of all three enzymes during LTP without affecting basal synaptic transmission, activation of CaMKII, or cAMP-dependent activation of ERK. LTP induction itself was suppressed ∼50% by STO-609 in a manner identical to the ERK inhibitor U0126: either inhibitor occluded the effect of the other, suggesting they are part of the same signaling pathway in LTP induction. STO-609 also suppressed regulatory phosphorylation of two downstream ERK targets during LTP, the general translation factors eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4) and its binding protein 4E-BP1 (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1). These data indicate an essential role for CaMKK and CaMKI to link NMDA receptor-mediated Ca2+ elevation with ERK-dependent LTP.
Microphthalmia Transcription Factor Regulates Pancreatic β-Cell Function

Precise regulation of β-cell function is crucial for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. Pax6 is an essential regulator of β-cell–specific factors like insulin and Glut2. Studies in the developing eye suggest that Pax6 interacts with Mitf to regulate pigment cell differentiation. Here, we show that Mitf, like Pax6, is expressed in all pancreatic endocrine cells during mouse postnatal development and in the adult islet. A Mitf loss-of-function mutation results in improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin secretion but no increase in β-cell mass in adult mice. Mutant β-cells secrete more insulin in response to glucose than wild-type cells, suggesting that Mitf is involved in regulating β-cell function. In fact, the transcription of genes critical for maintaining glucose homeostasis (insulin and Glut2) and β-cell formation and function (Pax4 and Pax6) is significantly upregulated in Mitf mutant islets. The increased Pax6 expression may cause the improved β-cell function observed in Mitf mutant animals, as it activates insulin and Glut2 transcription. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis shows that Mitf binds to Pax4 and Pax6 regulatory regions, suggesting that Mitf represses their transcription in wild-type β-cells. We demonstrate that Mitf directly regulates Pax6 transcription and controls β-cell function.
Analysis of tetra- and hepta-nucleotides motifs promoting -1 ribosomal frameshifting in Escherichia coli

Programmed ribosomal -1 frameshifting is a non-standard decoding process occurring when ribosomes encounter a signal embedded in the mRNA of certain eukaryotic and prokaryotic genes. This signal has a mandatory component, the frameshift motif: it is either a Z_ZZN tetramer or a X_XXZ_ZZN heptamer (where ZZZ and XXX are three identical nucleotides) allowing cognate or near-cognate repairing to the -1 frame of the A site or A and P sites tRNAs. Depending on the signal, the frameshifting frequency can vary over a wide range, from less than 1% to more than 50%. The present study combines experimental and bioinformatics approaches to carry out (i) a systematic analysis of the frameshift propensity of all possible motifs (16 Z_ZZN tetramers and 64 X_XXZ_ZZN heptamers) in Escherichia coli and (ii) the identification of genes potentially using this mode of expression amongst 36 Enterobacteriaceae genomes. While motif efficiency varies widely, a major distinctive rule of bacterial -1 frameshifting is that the most efficient motifs are those allowing cognate re-pairing of the A site tRNA from ZZN to ZZZ. The outcome of the genomic search is a set of 69 gene clusters, 59 of which constitute new candidates for functional utilization of -1 frameshifting.
Schema based enhancement of XPath engine

While a streaming-XPath engine provides a more efficient XPath evaluation performance than a DOM based engine, it still requires time to parse a whole XML document at least once. Taking into consideration that XPath is used to extract data from Web service messages, the target element may be in the first part of documents, such as the SOAP headers. Therefore, it is wasteful to parse a document all the way to the end. We present a new XPath engine named "XScope", which eliminates parsing XML documents by schema information. In this paper, we describe the XScope approach, then evaluate its performance and show that the engine works effectively in Web services.
Topic themes for multi-document summarization

The problem of using topic representations for multi-document summarization (MDS) has received considerable attention recently. In this paper, we describe five different topic representations and introduce a novel representation of topics based on topic themes. We present eight different methods of generating MDS and evaluate each of these methods on a large set of topics used in past DUC workshops. Our evaluation results show a significant improvement in the quality of summaries based on topic themes over MDS methods that use other alternative topic representations.