Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite elation Laguerre planes admitting a two-transitive group on their set of generators

We investigate finite elation Laguerre planes admitting a group of automorphisms that is two-transitive on the set of generators. We exclude the sporadic cases of socles in two-transitive groups, as well as the alternating and Suzuki groups and the cases with abelian socle (except for the smallest ones, where the Laguerre planes are Miquelian of order at most four). The remaining cases are dealt with in a separate paper. We prove that a finite elation Laguerre plane is Miquelian if its automorphism group is two-transitive on the set of generators. Equivalently, each translation generalized quadrangle of order q with a group of automorphisms acting two-transitively on the set of lines through the base point is classical.
Approximate analysis of search algorithms with "physical" methods

An overview of some methods of statistical physics applied to the analysis of algorithms for optimization problems (satisfiability of Boolean constraints, vertex cover of graphs, decoding, .) with distributions of random inputs is proposed. Two types of algorithms are analyzed: complete procedures with backtracking (Davis-Putnam-Loveland-Logeman algorithm) and incomplete, local search procedures (gradient descent, random walksat, .). The study of complete algorithms makes use of physical concepts such as phase transitions, dynamical renormalization flow, growth processes, . As for local search procedures, the connection between computational complexity and the structure of the cost function landscape is questioned, with emphasis on the notion of metastability.
A Complete Set of Flagellar Genes Acquired by Horizontal Transfer Coexists with the Endogenous Flagellar System in Rhodobacter sphaeroides

ABSTRACT Bacteria swim in liquid environments by means of a complex rotating structure known as the flagellum. Approximately 40 proteins are required for the assembly and functionality of this structure. Rhodobacter sphaeroides has two flagellar systems. One of these systems has been shown to be functional and is required for the synthesis of the well-characterized single subpolar flagellum, while the other was found only after the genome sequence of this bacterium was completed. In this work we found that the second flagellar system of R. sphaeroides can be expressed and produces a functional flagellum. In many bacteria with two flagellar systems, one is required for swimming, while the other allows movement in denser environments by producing a large number of flagella over the entire cell surface. In contrast, the second flagellar system of R. sphaeroides produces polar flagella that are required for swimming. Expression of the second set of flagellar genes seems to be positively regulated under anaerobic growth conditions. Phylogenic analysis suggests that the flagellar system that was initially characterized was in fact acquired by horizontal transfer from a γ-proteobacterium, while the second flagellar system contains the native genes. Interestingly, other α-proteobacteria closely related to R. sphaeroides have also acquired a set of flagellar genes similar to the set found in R. sphaeroides, suggesting that a common ancestor received this gene cluster.
Information extraction from the World Wide Web

The present invention embodies a fuel injector that takes up limited space when installed on the cylinder head of an associated engine. According to the invention in a fuel injection nozzle of the kind specified the wider portion of the nozzle body is provided with a slot which extends from the step toward the nozzle holder, the portion of the nozzle holder adjecent the nozzle body being provided with a slot. A chip member located in the slot secures the collar to the nozzle holder to retain the nozzle body relative to the nozzle holder.
Disclosure detection over data streams in database publishing

As huge amount of personal data collected into databases of service providers increase, so does the risk of private information disclosure. Recently, a number of privacy-preserving techniques have been proposed, however, they are either pre-controls or post-controls and limited in protection of privacy without information loss or distortion, quite a few techniques can be seen among literatures for detecting information disclosure in the process of data transmission. In this paper, we focus on disclosure detection related to database publishing, and present a novel approach of detecting privacy leakages over data streams on querying databases by using dynamic pattern matching and data stream processing techniques. Experimental results via Cayuga system verified the feasibility of our proposal.
Finding generality in ecology: a model for globally distributed experiments

Advancing the field of ecology relies on understanding generalities and developing theories based on empirical and functional relationships that integrate across organismal to global spatial scales and span temporal scales. Significant advances in predicting responses of ecological communities to globally extensive anthropogenic perturbations, for example, require understanding the role of environmental context in determining outcomes, which in turn requires standardized experiments across sites and regions. Distributed collaborative experiments can lead to high‐impact advances that would otherwise be unachievable. Here, we provide specific advice and considerations relevant to researchers interested in employing this emerging approach using as a case study our experience developing and running the Nutrient Network, a globally distributed experimental network (currently >75 sites in 17 countries) that arose from a grassroots, cooperative research effort. We clarify the design, goals and function of the Nutrient Network as a model to empower others in the scientific community to employ distributed experiments to advance our predictive understanding of global‐scale ecological trends and responses. Our experiences to date demonstrate that globally distributed experimental science need not be prohibitively expensive or time‐consuming on a per capita basis and is not limited to senior scientists or countries where science is well funded. While distributed experiments are not a panacea for understanding ecological systems, they can substantially complement existing approaches.
Automated Fuzzy Bidding Strategy for Continuous Double Auctions Using Trading Agent's Attitude and Market Competition

This paper designs a novel fuzzy competition and attitude based bidding strategy FCA-Bid for continuous double auction in which the best transaction price is calculated on account of the attitude of the agents and the competition for the goods in the market. The estimation of attitude is based on the bidding item's attribute assessment, which adapts the fuzzy sets technique to handle uncertainty of the bidding process. Additionally, it uses heuristic rules to determine the attitude of bidding agents. The bidding strategy also uses and determines competition in the market based on the two factors, number of the bidders participating and the total time elapsed for an auction using Mamdani's Direct Method. Then the range for the trading price will be determined based on the assessed attitude and the competition in the market using the fuzzy reasoning technique. The final transaction price is calculated after considering the conflicting attitudes of the seller and the bidder toward selecting the transaction price.
GeoTime-based tag ranking model for automatic image annotation

In this paper, we propose a novel GeoTime-based tag ranking model to address the automatic image annotation problem. Our aim is to assign relevant descriptors to a query image using textual, spatial, and temporal clues from nearby images. The assumption behind our model is that tags associated with images that are closer in time and space with a query image are more likely to be relevant to it. Given a query image we retrieve the images (available in community image databases, such as flickr.com and panoramio.com) located in its close geographical area using its GPS coordinates (i.e., latitude and longitude). Once these images retrieved, we take advantage of their metadata (e.g., users' social contributions and information stored in the EXIF descriptor) in order to suggest relevant tags. While most of state-of-the-art approaches used visual and textual factors to suggest and rank tags, our model uses also temporal and spatial proximity factors. To capture these proximity factors we exploited similarity methods and kernel functions. Finally, the top-ranked tags are used to annotate a query image. We conducted a series of experiments on a dataset consisting of over 201,000 Flickr images from the Paris geographic area. The experimental results showed that our GeoTime-based tag ranking model yields significant improvement over two state-of-the-art baselines.
A two-layer Conditional Random Field for the classification of partially occluded objects

Conditional Random Fields (CRF) are among the most popular techniques for image labelling because of their flexibility in modelling dependencies between the labels and the image features. This paper proposes a novel CRF-framework for image labeling problems which is capable to classify partially occluded objects. Our approach is evaluated on aerial near-vertical images as well as on urban street-view images and compared with another methods.
A Comparative Analysis of Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a formalization of the energy management problem in hybrid electric vehicles and a comparison of three known methods for solving the resulting optimization problem. Dynamic programming (DP), Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP), and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) are described and analyzed, showing formally their substantial equivalence. Simulation results are also provided to demonstrate the application of the strategies. The theoretical background for each strategy is described in detail using the same formal framework. Of the three strategies, ECMS is the only implementable in real time; the equivalence with PMP and DP justiﬁes its use as an optimal strategy and allows to tune it more effectively. (cid:1) DOI: 10.1115/1.4003267 (cid:2)
Internet Intrusion Detection System Service in a Cloud Internet Intrusion Detection System Service in a Cloud Internet Intrusion Detection System Service in a Cloud Internet Intrusion Detection System Service in a Cloud

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been used widely to detect malicious behaviors in network communication and hosts. It is defined as a computer network system to collect information on a number of key points, and analyze this information to see whether there are violations of network security policy behavior and signs of attack. IDS aroused the concern of users as an important computer network security technology. In recent times, with the advent of Cloud Computing, the concepts of Software as a Service (SaaS), where vendors provide key software products as services over the internet that can be accessed by users to perform complex tasks, have become increasingly popular. Cloud Computing is a method to increase the capacity or add capabilities dynamically without investing in new infrastructure, training new personnel, or licensing new software. We introduce a Cloud Intrusion Detection System Services (CIDSS) which is developed based on Cloud Computing and can make up for the deficiency of traditional intrusion detection, and proved to be great scalable. CIDSS can be utilized to overcome the critical challenge of keeping the client secure from cyber attacks while benefit the features which are presented by Cloud Computing technology.
Assortative Mating and the Duration to Couple Formation and First Birth in Britain and Sweden By Siv

The paper focuses on duration until couple formation and first birth. We analyse couples born 1930-1979, who have experienced both events. In a first step, which represents the mating function, we estimate a spouse choice equation based on individual human capital and family of origin characteristics as well as marriage market indicators, using a multinomial logit model. We create nine educational categories using predicted probabilities. In a second step, we estimate the rates of union formation and first birth using Weibull hazard models with individual unobserved heterogeneity, predicted educational categories from the first step and other fixed and time varying variables as explanatory variables. Higher education of one of the spouses, the duration in education and unfavorable labor market conditions delay couple formation and first birth. Swedish women form their union later but once the union has been formed, they are quicker to have their first birth.
Understanding the Role of Motivation in Professional Athletes

Our study examines the overall motivation of professional athletes in an effort to assist sport organizations in understanding their most important asset, the players. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the experiences and motivations of professional athletes within a team setting. Researchers conducted individual semi-structured interviews with 13 professional American football players. Seven themes were present within the data including a love of the game, selfmotivation, sense of community, professional development, engagement with fans, assist the league, and lack of financial support, which was identified as a deterrent to motivation. Teams should increase investment in the professional development of players as valuable human resources to increase overall organizational success. Subscribe to JASM
The embodied mind extended: using words as social tools

The extended mind view and the embodied-grounded view of cognition and language are typically considered as rather independent perspectives. In this paper we propose a possible integration of the two views and support it proposing the idea of “Words As social Tools” (WAT). In this respect, we will propose that words, also due to their social and public character, can be conceived as quasi-external devices that extend our cognition. Moreover, words function like tools in that they enlarge the bodily space of action thus modifying our sense of body. To support our proposal, we review the relevant literature on tool-use and on words as tools and report recent evidence indicating that word use leads to an extension of space close to the body. In addition, we outline a model of the neural processes that may underpin bodily space extension via word use and may reflect possible effects on cognition of the use of words as external means. We also discuss how reconciling the two perspectives can help to overcome the limitations they encounter if considered independently.
Universal heteroplasmy of human mitochondrial DNA

Mammalian cells contain thousands of copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). At birth, these are thought to be identical in most humans. Here, we use long read length ultra-deep resequencing-by-synthesis to interrogate regions of the mtDNA genome from related and unrelated individuals at unprecedented resolution. We show that very low-level heteroplasmic variance is present in all tested healthy individuals, and is likely to be due to both inherited and somatic single base substitutions. Using this approach, we demonstrate an increase in mtDNA mutations in the skeletal muscle of patients with a proofreading-deficient mtDNA polymerase γ due to POLG mutations. In contrast, we show that OPA1 mutations, which indirectly affect mtDNA maintenance, do not increase point mutation load. The demonstration of universal mtDNA heteroplasmy has fundamental implications for our understanding of mtDNA inheritance and evolution. Ostensibly de novo somatic mtDNA mutations, seen in mtDNA maintenance disorders and neurodegenerative disease and aging, will partly be due to the clonal expansion of low-level inherited variants.
Signless Laplacians and line graphs

The spectrum of a graph is the spectrum of its adjacency matrix. Cospectral graphs are graphs having the same spectrum. In this paper we study the phenomenon of cospectrality in graphs by comparing characterizing properties of spectra of graphs and spectra of their line graphs. We present some arguments showing that the latter perform better. In this comparison we use spectra of signless Laplacians of graphs.
Generating and sharing biometrics based session keys for secure cryptographic applications

Crypto-biometric systems, which combine biometrics with cryptographic systems, are gaining more and more attention. Person verification with high degree of assurance offered by biometrics can greatly improve the security of a cryptographic system. In such systems, a stable crypto-biometric key (to be used for cryptography) is derived from biometrics and a strong link between the user identity and the cryptographic keys is established. In this paper, we first propose a simple and effective protocol to securely share such crypto-biometric keys. Moreover, we propose another protocol to generate and share session keys which are valid for only one communication session. This protocol achieves mutual authentication between the client and the server without the need of trusted third party certificates. This protocol also facilitates easy online updating of templates. The stored templates are cancelable. The protocols are evaluated for biométrie verification performance on a subset of the NIST-FRG02 face database.
CTL Model-checking for Systems with Unspecified Components

In this paper, we study a CTL model-checking problem for systems with unspecified components, which is crucial to the quality assurance of component-based systems. We introduce a new approach (called model-checking driven black-box testing) that combines model-checking with traditional black-box software testing to tackle the problem in an automatic way. The idea is, with respect to some requirement (expressed in a CTL formula) about the system, to use model-checking techniques to derive a condition (expressed in terms of witness graphs) for an unspecified component such that the system satisfies the requirement iff the condition is satisfied by the component. The condition’s satisfiability can be established by testing the component. Test sequences are generated on-the-fly by traversing the witness graphs with a bounded depth. With a properly chosen bound, a complete and sound algorithm is immediate.
2 WORKING PAPER No . 09 / 2008 The Effect of Historical Entitlements in Cooperative Bargaining Over Environmental Policy : An Experimental Test

Collaborative policy making has been an increasingly popular method of solving use conflicts on public lands. Representatives of interested groups are authorized to negotiate land use policy in the shadow of a government imposed backstop policy. This process can be modeled using cooperative game theory over multiple goods in an Edgeworth Box framework, and its outcomes predicted using axiomatic bargaining theories (e.g. Pareto efficiency or the Nash bargain). A challenge for collaborative policymaking arises when users’ historical land use entitlements differ from the backstop the government will impose if negotiations fail. A challenge for the predictive power of axiomatic bargaining theory arises when the government’s backstop policy (and the Nash bargain it generates) creates substantial inequality of benefits among users. In this paper, we use laboratory experiments to test the effect on bargaining of 1) the divergence of historical entitlements from the prospective backstop and 2) the divergence of the Nash bargain generated by the backstop policy from the outcome that equalizes benefits. We examine the effects of both types of divergence on agreement rates, and on the likelihood that parties settle inside the bargaining lens, on the contract curve, and at the Nash bargain. We find that divergence of historical entitlements from the backstop significantly changes bargaining outcomes when the historical benefits were equally distributed and the benefits at the backstop and Nash are not. At the same time, historical entitlements do not affect outcomes when they were unequal but the backstop and Nash bargain generate equal benefits. We also find the outcomes parties reach are affected by the divergence of equality from the Nash bargain, independent of historical entitlement.
A curious fact about k-monotone functions ( k > 2 )

It is proved that for any given integer k > 2 and a k-monotone function g, there exists a k-monotone function g̃ ≤ g of the form c(a − x) + and passing through a fixed point in the support of g. The result is motivated by the problem of the existence of the LSE of a k-monotone density.
Coordinate Regulation of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Invasion of Epithelial Cells by the Arp2/3 Complex and Rho GTPases

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium can infect epithelial cells via the basolateral surface after breaching the intestinal epithelium, yet little is known about this process. Here, we show that actin polymerization driven by the Arp2/3 complex is critical to both basolateral and apical bacterial invasion of polarized MDCK cells. While there is also a dependence upon toxin B-sensitive Rho GTPases, none of the four GTPases known to be activated by S. enterica serovar Typhimurium SopE are individually required for basolateral internalization. These results underscore that the specific factors required for Salmonella invasion differ between membrane domains of polarized epithelia.
A Mean-Square Stability Analysis of the Least Mean Fourth Adaptive Algorithm

This paper presents a new convergence analysis of the least mean fourth (LMF) adaptive algorithm, in the mean square sense. The analysis improves previous results, in that it is valid for non-Gaussian noise distributions and explicitly shows the dependence of algorithm stability on the initial conditions of the weights. Analytical expressions are derived presenting the relationship between the step size, the initial weight error vector, and mean-square stability. The analysis assumes a white zero-mean Gaussian reference signal and an independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) measurement noise with any even probability density function (pdf). It has been shown by Nascimento and Bermudez ["Probability of Divergence for the Least-Mean Fourth (LMF) Algorithm," IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol 54, no. 4, pp. 1376-1385, Apr. 2006] that the LMF algorithm is not mean-square stable for reference signals whose pdfs have infinite support. However, the probability of divergence as a function of the step size value tends to rise abruptly only when it moves past a given threshold. Our analysis provides a simple (and yet precise) estimate of the region of quick rise in the probability of divergence. Hence, the present analysis is useful for predicting algorithm instability in most practical applications.
Heterologous Production of Fungal Maleidrides Reveals the Cryptic Cyclization Involved in their Biosynthesis

Abstract Fungal maleidrides are an important family of bioactive secondary metabolites that consist of 7, 8, or 9‐membered carbocycles with one or two fused maleic anhydride moieties. The biosynthesis of byssochlamic acid (a nonadride) and agnestadride A (a heptadride) was investigated through gene disruption and heterologous expression experiments. The results reveal that the precursors for cyclization are formed by an iterative highly reducing fungal polyketide synthase supported by a hydrolase, together with two citrate‐processing enzymes. The enigmatic ring formation is catalyzed by two proteins with homology to ketosteroid isomerases, and assisted by two proteins with homology to phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding proteins.