Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building a Global System View for Optimization Purposes

Since the approach of building specialized systems from existing general-purpose components is becoming more common, there is a growing need for global optimization tools that accomplish the functional requirements of these systems. The first approach for developers is to apply the current optimization techniques individually on each component. Nevertheless, these optimizations do not always improve the code enough and manual tuning must be done afterward. This paper presents a new approach for global optimization based on building a global view of the system, a global control flowgraph. The paper summarizes relevant characteristics of the system components to build a global view and presents particular examples for different architectures (PowerPC and x86) and operating systems (based on L4μkernel and Linux kernel). Our evaluations show that typical optimizations on a specific embedded environment reduce the code size by up to 54%.
Evolution of tachyon kink with electric field

We investigate the decay of an inhomogeneous D1-brane wrapped on a S1 with an electric field. The model that we consider consists of an array of tachyon kink and anti-kink with a constant electric flux. Beginning with an initially static configuration, we numerically evolve the tachyon field with some perturbations under a fixed boundary condition at diametrically opposite points on the circle S1. When the electric flux is smaller than the critical value, the tachyon kink becomes unstable; the tachyon field rolls down the potential, and the lower dimensional D0- and 0-brane become thin, which resembles the caustic formation known for this type of the system in the literature. For the supercritical values of the electric flux, the tachyon kink remains stable.
Fluorometric detection of dityrosine coupled with HPLC separation for determining actin oxidation

during normal metabolism and in higher fluxes under pathological conditions. The oxidative modification of proteins by ROS is implicated in the etiology and/or progression or manifestations of a number of physiological disorders and diseases such as aging, muscular dystrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, A l z h e i m e r’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cataractogenesis, respiratory distress syndrome, progeria, and Werner’s syndrome. The oxidation of proteins causes the modification of several amino acids, protein aggregation, and protein fragmentation. The induction of protein carbonyl is the most general indicator and a widely applied marker of protein oxidation, arising from primary oxidative insult to several amino acids (arginine, lysine, proline, or threonine residues), in addition to sugars and lipids. A specific oxidative amino acid modification involves the abstraction of the phenolic hydrogen atom from tyrosine residues. The resulting tyrosyl radical is relatively long-lived and can combine with another tyrosyl radical to generate a stable, covalent, carbon–carbon bond resulting in the formation of 1,3dityrosine (F i g u re 1), a highly fluorescent molecule that is resistant to acid hydrolysis and protease activi t y. Dityrosine is a specific product of protein oxidation and is formed by various oxidation systems, including hypochlorous acid (HOCl), during oxidant exposure of both purified proteins in vitro and intact cells. Dityrosine formation leads to the cross-linking of proteins intraor intermolecularly.
Formaldehyde in the Indoor Environment

1.1. History Formaldehyde was described in the year 1855 by the Russian scientist Alexander Michailowitsch Butlerow. The technical synthesis by dehydration of methanol was achieved in 1867 by the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann. The versatility that makes it suitable for use in various industrial applications was soon discovered, and the compound was one of the first to be indexed by Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS). In 1944, Walker published the first edition of his classic work Formaldehyde. (1) Between 1900 and 1930, formaldehyde-based resins became important adhesives for wood and wood composites. The first commercial particle board was produced during World War II in Bremen, Germany. Since 1950, particle board has become an attractive alternative to solid wood for the manufacturing of furniture. Particle board and other wood-based panels were subsequently also used for the construction of housing. Adverse health effects from exposure to formaldehyde in prefabricated houses, especially irritation of the eyes and upper airways, were first reported in the mid-1960s. Formaldehyde emissions from particle boards bonded with urea formaldehyde resin were soon identified as the cause of the complaints. As a consequence, a guideline value of 0.1 ppm was proposed in 1977 by the former German Federal Agency of Health to limit human exposure in dwellings. Criteria for the limitation and regulation of formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials were established in 1981 in Germany and Denmark. The first regulations followed in the United States in 1985 or thereabouts. In Germany and the United States, large-scale test chambers were used for the evaluation of emissions. Although the chamber method is very reliable, it is also time-consuming and expensive. This meant there was a strong demand for simple laboratory test methods. (2)
Semantic Service Publication and Retrieval in the MAIS Project

According to the Service Oriented Computing paradigm, a lot of services have been recently implemented by several companies. Since the number of services are growing, tools able to aid people and software to look for a service are required. Current solutions, such as UDDI, even if compliant with the Service Oriented Computing paradigm, do not provide an efficient way to search for services, since they mainly rely on keyword-based approaches. In this paper we present an approach based on a semantic service description supporting the service publication and retrieval processes. Such an approach is based on an UDDI extension in which a service ontology is considered.
A Question of Time: Importance and Possibilities of High Refresh-rates

This work will discuss shortcomings of traditional rendering techniques on today’s wide-spread LCD screens. The main observation is that 3D renderings often appear blurred when observed on such a display. Although this might seem to be a shortcoming of the hardware, such blur is actually a consequence of the human visual system perceiving such displays. In this work, we introduce a perception-aware rendering technique that is of very low cost, but significantly improves performance, as well as quality. Especially in conjunction with more recent devices, initially conceived for 3D shutter glasses, our approach achieves significant gains. Besides quality, we show that such approaches even improve task-performance which makes it a crucial component for future interactive applications.
Higher Inductive Types as Homotopy-Initial Algebras

Homotopy Type Theory is a new field of mathematics based on the recently-discovered correspondence between Martin-Löf's constructive type theory and abstract homotopy theory. We have a powerful interplay between these disciplines - we can use geometric intuition to formulate new concepts in type theory and, conversely, use type-theoretic machinery to verify and often simplify existing mathematical proofs. Higher inductive types form a crucial part of this new system since they allow us to represent mathematical objects, such as spheres, tori, pushouts, and quotients, in the type theory. We investigate a class of higher inductive types called W-suspensions which generalize Martin-Löf's well-founded trees. We show that a propositional variant of W-suspensions, whose computational behavior is determined up to a higher path, is characterized by the universal property of being a homotopy-initial algebra. As a corollary we get that W-suspensions in the strict form are homotopy-initial.
Ratio: raising teachers' awareness of children's thinking

We believe that the problem of teacher preparation is one of development of “pedagogical content knowledge” rather than “subject knowledge” per se. It has been found that even experienced teachers may not be aware of the misconceptions that learners tend to exhibit, or at what stage of development and in what areas of the curriculum these are likely to be manifested. This pedagogical knowledge is, we believe, important to teachers’ mental models of their learners, and hence their teaching effectiveness. In this study, we aim to contribute to teachers’ awareness of their pupils’ strategies and misconceptions in the field of “ratio”: a topic that is difficult to teach and learn in the middle school years. Towards this aim, we constructed a diagnostic instrument which reveals children's proportional thinking. Our instrument contains two versions, one with “models” thought to be of service to children’s proportional reasoning and one without. It is also designed to function as a questionnaire for assessing teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge. We use the same items that form the children’s diagnostic instrument, but we ask the teachers to predict the children’s errors and likely explanations and to comment on the difficulty of the item. We present data on Year 6,7,8 and 9 (aged 10 to 14) children’s performance at three items of our tool and we compare them with data on trainee teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge with respect to children’s thinking in these particular items. We also present the trainees’ perception of difficulty hierarchy of our instrument as a whole and contrast it with the learners’ difficulty hierarchy. Our data indicate a gap between pupils’ strategies and errors and their future teachers’ perception of those. Further research is needed to investigate the use of such an instrument in teaching and in teacher education.
MLMTA ’ 04 Paper ID # : MLM 2066 Title : Eigenfeature Optimization for Face Detection

PCA is a well-know dimension reduction methodology that can also be employed for face detection task. Although the use of eigenface as the basis for face detection or recognition under PCA-based regime is so generalized, little is known about its characteristics. We study its feature by data visualization in the face space of varying dimension and the comparison of the face detection rate in differing number and order of eigenfaces. Our experimental result shows that there are certain eigenfeatures that could serve greatly for the detection performance and the flexible adoption of weighting can improve the performance even more.
Exploring infertile couple's characteristics and resources through the matching.

Infertility is a well-documented phenomenon due to the increasing number of couples involved (World Health Organization [WHO], 2002) and moreover, to the psychological (Verhaak et al., 2001), relational (Greil, Shreffer, Schmist, & McQuillan, 2011; Cousineau & Domar, 2007) and social (Cousineau et al., 2007; Folkvord, Odegaard, & Sundby, 2005) implications on the individual’s and couple’s life (Johansson & Berg, 2004; Monga, Alexandrescu, Katz, Stein, & Ganiats, 2004; Peterson, 2000). This thesis focuses on the dual nature of infertility and its implications. The aim is to promote the individual and couple characteristics that can help infertile subjects and couples to cope with their problematic. The first section of the thesis focuses on the influences of infertility on individuals and factors and characteristics that can correlate to these influences in each partner. Findings of the first three chapters of this section, confirmed the negative impact of infertility on relationship quality, more particularity on dyadic adjustment and sexuality, and on disclosure. Moreover, the correlation of personal and situational factors with relational factors as dyadic adjustment and sexuality was confirmed. The second section focuses on the decision making process of infertile sample as we consider it as an essential element that is used to resolve the problem and can influence the present and future of the couple. Interest was focused specifically on the decision making styles and elements that correlate with each style. Even though the rational decision making style was more used in fertile sample, positive dyadic adjustment and positive sexually dimensions were correlated to this decision making style, becoming in this way elements of interest that should be promoted in order to orient infertile couple towards the rational decision making style. The third section was focused on the moderator role of adult attachment. It resulted that in a problematic situation insecure attachment styles can become moderators of positive dyadic adjustment, sexuality, disclosure and decision making styles. The last section was dedicated to the dyadic approach. We identified some specific couple configurations that can cope better with the implications of infertility. These specific couples are well adjusted, sexually satisfied, disclosed with family and friends. According to attachment, we found that not only secure attached couples can cope better with infertility, not only the mixed attached couples, but in specific cases insecure attached couples, too. Finally, a contribution of our results to the present counseling in infertile couples is proposed.
Influence of Contrast and Coherence on the Temporal Dynamics of Binocular Motion Rivalry

Levelt’s four propositions (L1–L4), which characterize the relation between changes in “stimulus strength” in the two eyes and percept alternations, are considered benchmark for binocular rivalry models. It was recently demonstrated that adaptation mutual-inhibition models of binocular rivalry capture L4 only in a limited range of input strengths, predicting an increase rather than a decrease in dominance durations with increasing stimulus strength for weak stimuli. This observation challenges the validity of those models, but possibly L4 itself is invalid. So far, L1–L4 have been tested mainly by varying the contrast of static stimuli, but since binocular rivalry breaks down at low contrasts, it has been difficult to study L4. To circumvent this problem, and to test if the recent revision of L2 has more general validity, we studied changes in binocular rivalry evoked by manipulating coherence of oppositely-moving random-dot stimuli in the two eyes, and compared them against the effects of stimulus contrast. Thirteen human observers participated. Both contrast and coherence manipulations in one eye produced robust changes in both eyes; dominance durations of the eye receiving the stronger stimulus increased while those of the other eye decreased, albeit less steeply. This is inconsistent with L2 but supports its revision. When coherence was augmented in both eyes simultaneously, dominance durations first increased at low coherence, and then decreased for further increases in coherence. The same held true for the alternation periods. The initial increase in dominance durations was absent in the contrast experiments, but with coherence manipulations, rivalry could be tested at much lower stimulus strengths. Thus, we found that L4, like L2, is only valid in a limited range of stimulus strengths. Outside that range, the opposite is true. Apparent discrepancies between contrast and coherence experiments could be fully reconciled with adaptation mutual-inhibition models using a simple input transfer-function.
Spelling out opinions: Difficult cases of sentiment analysis

In recent years there is growing interest to the opinion mining applications in numerous areas of information and social science. In this paper we investigate main problems in opinion mining and sentiment analysis systems development. We review examples of difficulties in process of opinion extraction and introduce essential multidimensionality of opinion mining. We carried out a series of experiments with different sentiment analyzers and classified main reasons of incorrect sentiment recognition.
Genome-Wide Association Mapping in the Global Diversity Set Reveals New QTL Controlling Root System and Related Shoot Variation in Barley

The fibrous root system is a visible sign of ecological adaptation among barley natural populations. In the present study, we utilized rich barley diversity to dissect the genetic basis of root system variation and its link with shoot attributes under well-water and drought conditions. Genome-wide association mapping of phenotype data using a dense genetic map (5892 SNP markers) revealed 17 putative QTL for root and shoot traits. Among these, at 14 loci the preeminence of exotic QTL alleles resulted in trait improvements. The most promising QTL were quantified using haplotype analysis at local and global genome levels. The strongest QTL was found on chromosome 1H which accounted for root dry weight and tiller number simultaneously. Candidate gene analysis across the targeted region detected a crucial amino acid substitution mutation in the conserved domain of a WRKY29 transcription factor among genotypes bearing major and minor QTL alleles. Similarly, the drought inducible QTL QRdw.5H (5H, 95.0 cM) seems to underlie 37 amino acid deletion and substitution mutations in the conserved domain of two related genes CBF10B and CBF10A, respectively. The identification and further characterization of these candidate genes will be essential to decipher genetics behind developmental and natural adaptation mechanisms of barley.
Ubiquitous Connectivity and Students’ Wellbeing: a Situational Analysis in a UK University

Recent research underlined as ubiquitous connectivity has changed the nature of traditional campus universities by creating technology-mediated environments where physical and virtual domains integrate and overlap. The aim of this research is to investigate how ubiquitous connectivity is impacting on university students’ daily lives and consequent wellbeing. On-campus undergraduate and postgraduate university students and staff members from the same department were involved using a qualitative survey, semi-structured interviews and a variation of the Experience Sampling Method. The data analysis followed two different steps: firstly, a socio-constructivist framework was adopted to highlight how students’ experiences with ubiquitous connectivity are socially and discursively constructed. Secondly, the results were discussed in the light of the two main well-being approaches existing in literature: hedonic and eudaimonic. The results show that the hedonic perspective seems to be prominent among students. Ubiquitous connectivity is mainly appreciated for its capability to make university day-to-day experiences easier to manage. Moreover, stress avoidance or relief seems to be one of the main goals that learners seek to obtain through ubiquitous connectivity. However, technologies also play an active role in disrupting learners’ well-being by increasing their level of stress due to difficulties in accessing resources, info overload or unorganised online materials.
A poroelastic model coupled to a fluid network with applications in lung modelling

We develop a lung ventilation model based on a continuum poroelastic representation of lung parenchyma that is strongly coupled to a pipe network representation of the airway tree. The continuous system of equations is discretized using a low‐order stabilised finite element method. The framework is applied to a realistic lung anatomical model derived from computed tomography data and an artificially generated airway tree to model the conducting airway region. Numerical simulations produce physiologically realistic solutions and demonstrate the effect of airway constriction and reduced tissue elasticity on ventilation, tissue stress and alveolar pressure distribution. The key advantage of the model is the ability to provide insight into the mutual dependence between ventilation and deformation. This is essential when studying lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis. Thus the model can be used to form a better understanding of integrated lung mechanics in both the healthy and diseased states. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data Transmission System Design on 8b10b

The large-scale seismic acquisition system (LSAS) is a kind of field data acquisition system in super scale. It can cover hundreds of square kilometers. To implement the real time transmission of so much data, speed and reliability are the most important criteria of the system. Based on 8b10b code, this paper discusses frame sync technology, error correction code (ECC), and a co-design method of them. The co-design of frame sync and Reed-Solomon (RS) code can optimize the resources of data transmission system. Generally, decoding of RS code is more complex than frame sync; so we suggest to design RS code by priority, and then consider the frame sync scheme. By this way, the requirement to the performance of RS code becomes lower. Simulation experiments show that data transmission system can be designed more efficiently by using this model.
The role of low-energy electrons in focused electron beam induced deposition: four case studies of representative precursors

Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a single-step, direct-write nanofabrication technique capable of writing three-dimensional metal-containing nanoscale structures on surfaces using electron-induced reactions of organometallic precursors. Currently FEBID is, however, limited in resolution due to deposition outside the area of the primary electron beam and in metal purity due to incomplete precursor decomposition. Both limitations are likely in part caused by reactions of precursor molecules with low-energy (<100 eV) secondary electrons generated by interactions of the primary beam with the substrate. These low-energy electrons are abundant both inside and outside the area of the primary electron beam and are associated with reactions causing incomplete ligand dissociation from FEBID precursors. As it is not possible to directly study the effects of secondary electrons in situ in FEBID, other means must be used to elucidate their role. In this context, gas phase studies can obtain well-resolved information on low-energy electron-induced reactions with FEBID precursors by studying isolated molecules interacting with single electrons of well-defined energy. In contrast, ultra-high vacuum surface studies on adsorbed precursor molecules can provide information on surface speciation and identify species desorbing from a substrate during electron irradiation under conditions more representative of FEBID. Comparing gas phase and surface science studies allows for insight into the primary deposition mechanisms for individual precursors; ideally, this information can be used to design future FEBID precursors and optimize deposition conditions. In this review, we give a summary of different low-energy electron-induced fragmentation processes that can be initiated by the secondary electrons generated in FEBID, specifically, dissociative electron attachment, dissociative ionization, neutral dissociation, and dipolar dissociation, emphasizing the different nature and energy dependence of each process. We then explore the value of studying these processes through comparative gas phase and surface studies for four commonly-used FEBID precursors: MeCpPtMe3, Pt(PF3)4, Co(CO)3NO, and W(CO)6. Through these case studies, it is evident that this combination of studies can provide valuable insight into potential mechanisms governing deposit formation in FEBID. Although further experiments and new approaches are needed, these studies are an important stepping-stone toward better understanding the fundamental physics behind the deposition process and establishing design criteria for optimized FEBID precursors.