Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Sectional Relations of Digital Vascular Function to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Framingham Heart Study

Background— Digital pulse amplitude augmentation in response to hyperemia is a novel measure of peripheral vasodilator function that depends partially on endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Baseline digital pulse amplitude reflects local peripheral arterial tone. The relation of digital pulse amplitude and digital hyperemic response to cardiovascular risk factors in the community is unknown. Methods and Results— Using a fingertip peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) device, we measured digital pulse amplitude in Framingham Third Generation Cohort participants (n=1957; mean age, 40±9 years; 49% women) at baseline and in 30-second intervals for 4 minutes during reactive hyperemia induced by 5-minute forearm cuff occlusion. To evaluate the vascular response in relation to baseline, adjusting for systemic effects and skewed data, we expressed the hyperemic response (called the PAT ratio) as the natural logarithm of the ratio of postdeflation to baseline pulse amplitude in the hyperemic finger divided by the same ratio in the contralateral finger that served as control. The relation of the PAT ratio to cardiovascular risk factors was strongest in the 90- to 120-second postdeflation interval (overall model R2=0.159). In stepwise multivariable linear regression models, male sex, body mass index, ratio of total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and lipid-lowering treatment were inversely related to PAT ratio, whereas increasing age was positively related to PAT ratio (all P<0.01). Conclusions— Reactive hyperemia produced a time-dependent increase in fingertip pulse amplitude. Digital vasodilator function is related to multiple traditional and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings support further investigations to define the clinical utility and predictive value of digital pulse amplitude.
Customer Identities: Customers as Commercial Friends, Customer Coworkers or Business Acquaintances

In an effort to better understand relationships between salespersons and their customers, in-depth interviews with salespeople were used to establish a classification schema of customer types or identities. Using identity theory, three categories of customer identities were identified and partially supported: commercial friends, customer coworkers and business acquaintances. The identities can serve as vehicles for further developing theory and research concerning salesperson-customer dyads as well as for investigating the genesis of relationships between salespeople and customers.
Reflections on an econometrics Nobel laureate, personal friend, and a good friend of New Zealand and its econometrics community

Professor Sir Clive Granger died on 27 May 2009, aged 74. As noted in the many accounts of his achievements (see Phillips, 1997, in particular), Clive has made many fundamental contributions to econometrics that proved to be a watershed for his chosen profession and for the disciplines of economics and finance. His many original ideas, conceptual innovations, and thought-provoking analyses sprang from simple, well-articulated economic questions based on empirical applications, and transparent econometric models that captured the main features of the problem in hand. He published at least a dozen books and well over 200 academic papers on topics in economic forecasting and time series econometrics that include, but are not limited to, cointegration, predictability, Granger causality, forecast combination, Photo reproduced with permission from the Department of Economics and Finance, University of Canterbury.
Organizing by Projective Hearing: The Active Use of a Passive Sense

This article aims to show that managers' reactions to employees, based on good listening, combined with a clear vision on what is important in the future, is in fact a strong organizing force. The “projective hearing” concept is introduced to capture this underrated ability that may explain why a strong delivery style is not the highway to effective leadership: what happens interactionally is probably more interesting. Projective hearing with reflexive responding allows for immediate responses in a variety of situations, acknowledges that signals have more influence than messages, and is rooted in daily interactional practices. It fits in with recent planning theory that stresses a flexible response in complex, dynamic environments. It is also linked to the question of how to motivate coworkers and to the media richness theory, stressing and explaining the value of face-to-face encounters.
Personal Collections: Women's clothing use and identity

Women's relationship with clothes has been explored within a range of theoretical discourses about fashion that utilise the concept of ambivalence. This paper acknowledges that this may be a useful conceptualisation but argues that there is an absence of focus in most of these approaches concerning the reality of women using, reflecting on and generally living with their clothes. Using original research with a sample of 15 women, this paper attempts to integrate existing approaches and explore the complexity and ongoing-ness of the process of self-presentation through clothes. It argues that women have an dynamic relationship with their clothes that can be grouped around three co-existing views of self; 'The woman I want to be', 'The woman I fear I could be' and 'The woman I am most of the time'. These three views illustrate women's attempts to achieve satisfying images as they engage with clothes to create, reveal or conceal aspects of their identity. A range of social constraints is evident but the accounts also reveal that the women often endeavour to challenge, subvert and rise above these constraints. Furthermore, these endeavours are likely to be experienced as pleasurable, making clothes selection and use a positive force in women's lives.
Transient Silencing of a Type IV P-Type ATPase, Atp10c, Results in Decreased Glucose Uptake in C2C12 Myotubes

Atp10c is a strong candidate gene for diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes. To identify molecular and cellular targets of ATP10C, Atp10c expression was altered in vitro in C2C12 skeletal muscle myotubes by transient transfection with an Atp10c-specific siRNA. Glucose uptake assays revealed that insulin stimulation caused a significant 2.54-fold decrease in 2-deoxyglucose uptake in transfected cells coupled with a significant upregulation of native mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38, and p44/42. Additionally, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) was significantly upregulated; no changes in glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression were observed. The involvement of MAPKs was confirmed using the specific inhibitor SB203580, which downregulated the expression of native and phosphorylated MAPK proteins in transfected cells without any changes in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Results indicate that Atp10c regulates glucose metabolism, at least in part via the MAPK pathway, and, thus, plays a significant role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
BEX 5 / RabA 1 b Regulates trans-Golgi Network-to-Plasma Membrane Protein Traf fi cking in Arabidopsis

Elena Feraru,a,1 Mugurel I. Feraru,a,1 Rin Asaoka,b Tomasz Paciorek,a,2 Riet De Rycke,a Hirokazu Tanaka,a,3 Akihiko Nakano,b,c and Ji rí Frimla,4 a Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium bDepartment of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan cMolecular Membrane Biology Laboratory, RIKEN Advanced Science Institute, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
Collaborative Debugging

Debugging - the process of finding and correcting programming mistakes - faces too the challenges of distributed and collaborative development. The debugging tools commonly used by programmers are integrated into traditional development environments such as Eclipse or Visual Studio, and hence do not offer specific features for collaboration or remote shared usage. In this paper, we describe CDB, a debugging technique and integrated tool specifically designed to support effective collaboration among developers during shared debugging sessions. We also discuss the design and results of an empirical study aimed at identifying features that can ameliorate the effectiveness of collaborative debugging processes, and at evaluating the usefulness of our CDB collaborative debugging approach. The study suggests that CDB's collaboration features are often perceived as important for effective debugging, and can improve the overall debugging experience in collaborative settings.
Use of Discussion Boards in an Online Hip Fracture Resource Center for Caregivers

BACKGROUND: Hip fracture is a serious health problem among older adults and often results in serious consequences such as disabilities. Informal caregivers (CGs) are particularly important for the successful recovery of older adult patients with hip fractures while they undergo surgical procedures and extensive rehabilitation therapies. In a previous study, we developed a comprehensive theory-based online hip fracture resource center for CGs and conducted a feasibility study. The 8-week online hip fracture resource center, including learning modules, moderated-discussion boards (DB), Ask-the-Experts, and virtual libraries, was used by CGs. PURPOSE: This study reports findings from a qualitative analysis of DB postings. METHODS: The data were analyzed using content analysis in conjunction with an inductive coding approach. The analyses yielded 6 themes and 3 categories related to hip fracture care (e.g., specific types of care provided by CGs). RESULTS/CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that DB forums can serve as a medium for CGs to share their experiences and to obtain support. Furthermore, DB forums can assist healthcare providers in identifying further opportunities to assist CGs. The study is limited to a small sample size in one hospital. Further studies are needed with larger samples in diverse settings.
Evolving Mach 3.0 to A Migrating Thread Model

We have modified Mach 3.0 to treat cross-domain remote procedure call (RPC) as a single entity, instead of a sequence of message passing operations. With RPC thus elevated, we improved the transfer of control during RPC by changing the thread model. Like most operating systems, Mach views threads as statically associated with a single task, with two threads involved in an RPC. An alternate model is that of migrating threads, in which, during RPC, a single thread abstraction moves between tasks with the logical flow of control, and "server" code is passively executed. We have compatibly replaced Mach's static threads with migrating threads, in an attempt to isolate this aspect of operating system design and implementation. The key element of our design is a decoupling of the thread abstraction into the execution context and the schedulable thread of control, consisting of a chain of contexts. A key element of our implementation is that threads are now "based" in the kernel, and temporarily make excursions into tasks via upcalls. The new system provides more precisely defined semantics for thread manipulation and additional control operations, allows scheduling and accounting attributes to follow threads, simplifies kernel code, and improves RPC performance. We have retained the old thread and IPC interfaces for backwards compatibility, with no changes required to existing client programs and only a minimal change to servers, as demonstrated by a functional Unix single server and clients. The logical complexity along the critical RPC path has been reduced by a factor of nine. Local RPC, doing normal marshaling, has sped up by factors of 1.7-3.4. We conclude that a migrating-thread model is superior to a static model, that kernel-visible RPC is a prerequisite for this improvement, and that it is feasible to improve existing operating systems in this manner.
Development of predictive equations for body density of sumo wrestlers using B-mode ultrasound for the determination of subcutaneous fat thickness

Objective: To develop an equation for predicting the body density of sumo wrestlers. Methods: The following were measured: subcutaneous fat thickness measured at nine sites using B-mode ultrasound equipment; circumference at seven sites; hand to leg bioelectrical impedance. The subjects consisted of 24 college sumo wrestlers (mean age 19.7 years, mean body weight 111.2 kg) and 24 matched obese controls (mean age 19.1 years and mean body weight 111.2 kg). In addition, body density was measured by the underwater weighing method, and the percentage of fat was calculated from the measured body density. Results: Linear regression analysis was used to estimate the relation between body density and other variables, and a predictive equation for the body density was derived: y = 1.088−0.00036 × (fat thickness at nine sites) (r2 = 0.90) for the sumo wrestler group and y = 1.083−0.00033 × (fat thickness at nine sites) (r2 = 0.91) for the control group. A multiple regression analysis was performed using the body density as the objective variable, and other measured items as the explanatory variables. This was used to derive a predictive equation: y = 1.121−0.00038 × (fat thickness of abdomen)−0.00043 × (circumference of hips)−0.00142 × (fat thickness of triceps) (r2 = 0.94) for the sumo wrestler group, and y = 1.076−0.00070 × (fat thickness of abdomen)−0.00140 × (fat thickness of tibialis) (r2 = 0.91) for the control group. The difference between the two equations was due to the difference in body fat distribution. Neither of these predictive equations is applicable to non-overweight non-athletes. Conclusion: This is the first predictive equation developed for the body density of sumo wrestlers.
Prediction of Druggable Proteins Using Machine Learning and Systems Biology: A Mini-Review

The emergence of -omics technologies has allowed the collection of vast amounts of data on biological systems. Although, the pace of such collection has been exponential, the impact of these data remains small on many critical biomedical applications such as drug development. Limited resources, high costs, and low hit-to-lead ratio have led researchers to search for more cost effective methodologies. A possible alternative is to incorporate computational methods of potential drug target prediction early during drug discovery workflow. Computational methods based on systems approaches have the advantage of taking into account the global properties of a molecule not limited to its sequence, structure or function. Machine learning techniques are powerful tools that can extract relevant information from massive and noisy data sets. In recent years the scientific community has explored the combined power of these fields to propose increasingly accurate and low cost methods to propose interesting drug targets. In this mini-review, we describe promising approaches based on the simultaneous use of systems biology and machine learning to access gene and protein druggability. Moreover, we discuss the state-of-the-art of this emerging and interdisciplinary field, discussing data sources, algorithms and the performance of the different methodologies. Finally, we indicate interesting avenues of research and some remaining open challenges.
DETECTABILITY AND PERCEIVED DEGREE OF FACIAL HAPPINESS, ANGRINESS, AND EMOTION: THE ROLE OF THE PARTICULAR STIMULI

The purpose was to elucidate further Pixton’s (2007, 2008) results. Thirty participants (8men, 22 women) viewed pictures of facial expressions (Tottenham et al., 2009) with threepresentation times (12.50, 18.75, 25.00 ms) and completed a detection (Part 1) and a rating(Part 2) task. In Part 1, participants answered “yes” if they thought the face was emotionaland “no” if the face was not emotional. In Part 2, they rated each face stimulus on each ofthree scales (angriness, happiness, and emotionality). “Neutral” faces were not rated as quiteneutral on the different scales. The d′ values were higher for happy than for angry faces.When standardizing the d′ values for each face type through division by its Euclidean distancefrom the “neutral” face in the scaled emotion space, a male superiority effect appeared forboth happy and angry faces. Together with Pixtons’ results, this suggests that wheninvestigating the detectability of emotions, account must be taken of the particular stimuliused.
Reflexões teóricas sobre confiabilidade e validade em pesquisas qualitativas: em direção à reflexividade analítica

The orientation toward the practice and social action in qualitative research allows discussing the methodological procedures employed in these studies beyond the issue of its operational dimension. In this sense, the criteria used for the operationalization of these studies imply the recognition of the dimensions of the joints ontological, epistemological and methods of this research, where we can situate these debates in the field of analytical reflexivity. Among these criteria, this theoretical paper aims to discuss the reliability and validity in qualitative research, to develop understanding of this context in order to overcome the critical and operational debates. The reliability criterion in qualitative research refers to the establishment of a mechanism of systematic and reliable ways of understanding social dynamics. For the validity verification in qualitative studies are presented different approaches, such as transactional, transformational, apparent, instrumental and theoretical validity. The discussion presented proposes a reliability evaluation beyond the methodological procedures employed, beginning toward analytical reflexivity. We treat the reliability criterion in terms of ontological, epistemological and methodical and we summed up some traditional and new criteria that can be adopted in order to increase the reliability and validity in qualitative research.
Unit Root and Cointegration Tests for Cross-Sectionally Correlated Panels. Estimating Regional Production Functions

There is a plethora of studies of regional production functions using stationary panel data. Only some recent works consider non-stationary panel data. All of them assume the hypothesis of cross-section independence. Here, we claim that the independence assumption is too strong when regional data are used. In this paper, the cross-section independence assumption is released and cross-sectional dependence is assumed. First, unit roots and cointegration properties of the panel dataset are properly investigated by using newly developed tests for cross-sectionally dependent panels. Second, dynamic OLS (DOLS) and recent regression models for cross-sectionally correlated panels are used to estimate the cointegrated relationship between value added, physical and human capital, for Italian regions over the period 1970-1998.
Use of optical biosensors to detect modulation of Slack potassium channels by G protein-coupled receptors

Ion channels control the electrical properties of neurons and other excitable cell types by selectively allowing ion to flow through the plasma membrane. To regulate neuronal excitability, the biophysical properties of ion channels are modified by signaling proteins and molecules, which often bind to the channels themselves to form a heteromeric channel complex. Traditional assays examining the interaction between channels and regulatory proteins generally provide little information on the time-course of interactions in living cells. We have now used a novel label-free technology to detect changes in the distribution of mass close to the plasma membrane following modulation of potassium channels by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This technology uses optical sensors embedded in microplates to detect changes in the refractive index at the surface of cells. Although the activation of GPCRs has been studied with this system, protein-protein interactions due to modulation of ion channels have not yet been characterized. Here we present data that the characteristic pattern of mass distribution following GPCR activation is significantly modified by the presence of a sodium-activated potassium channel, Slack-B, a channel that is known to be potently modulated by activation of these receptors.
Machine vision in Profibus networks

− In this paper, a system for the transport of images across Profibus industrial networks acting as support to the monitoring and control system of industrial processes is implemented and evaluated. The capacity of Fieldbus Data Link (FDL) to support the transport of images and the impact on the performance achieved through the utilization of compressed images are analysed. A communications protocol over FDL is implemented and tests are realized with different image sizes, compression ratios and background traffic which allows for the simulation of various scenarios. Profibus networks have been shown to be capable of simultaneously transporting images with control traffic, which opens up a new range of applications.
Publishing in the Organizational Sciences

This comprehensive overview of all aspects of the publishing process has been written especially for prospective authors who want to learn more about the field to advance their careers and publishing success. More than just a 'how to' book, this volume explains the entire context of scholarly publishing and how it should, ideally, work toward advancing knowledge and successful management practice.
Robust Compliant Motion Control of Robot With Nonlinear Friction Using Time-Delay Estimation

A simple robust compliant-motion-control technique is presented for a robot manipulator with nonlinear friction. The control technique incorporates both time-delay-estimation technique and ideal velocity feedback; the former is used to cancel out soft nonlinearities, and the latter serves to reduce the effect of hard nonlinearities, including Coulomb friction and stiction. The proposed controller has a simple structure and yet provides good online friction compensation without modeling friction. The robustness of the proposed method has been confirmed through comparisons with other controllers in 2-DOF SCARA-type industrial robot experiments.
Network Intrusion Detection Using FP Tree Rules

In the faceless world of the Internet, online fraud is one of the greatest reasons of loss for web merchants. Advanced solutions are needed to protect ebusinesses from the constant problems of fraud. Many popular fraud detection algorithms require supervised training, which needs human intervention to prepare training cases. Since it is quite often for an online transaction database to have Terabytelevel storage, human investigation to identify fraudulent transactions is very costly. This paper describes the automatic design of user profiling method for the purpose of fraud detection. We use a FP (Frequent Pattern) Tree rulelearning algorithm to adaptively profile legitimate customer behavior in a transaction database. Then the incoming transactions are compared against the user profile to uncover the anomalies . The anomaly outputs are used as input to an accumulation system for combining evidence to generate highconfidence fraud alert value. Favorable experimental results are presented.