Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Insights into the Role of the Innate Immune System in the Development of Alcoholic Liver Disease

The innate immune system is responsible for the rapid, initial response of the organism to potentially dangerous stresses, including pathogens, tissue injury, and malignancy. Pattern-recognition receptors of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family expressed by macrophages provide a first line of defense against microbial invasion. Activation of these receptors results in a stimulus-specific expression of genes required to control the infection, including the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, followed by the recruitment of neutrophils to the site of infection. The early stages in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) follow a pattern characteristic of an innate immune response. Kupffer cells, the resident macrophages in the liver, are activated in response to bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), leading to the production of inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines, reactive oxygen species, as well as the recruitment of neutrophils to the liver. One mechanism by which chronic ethanol can turn the highly regulated innate immune response into a pathway of disease is by disrupting the signal transduction cascades mediating the innate Immune response. Recent studies have identified specific modules in the TLR-4 signaling cascade that are disrupted after chronic ethanol exposure, including CD14 and the mitogen-activated protein kinase family members, ERK1/2 and p38. Enhanced activation of these TLR-4 dependent signaling pathways after chronic ethanol likely contributes to the development of alcoholic liver disease.
Some algebraic properties of $F(2O_k)$ graphs

In this research, the notation of the folded graph of $2O_k$ will be defined and denoted by $F(2O_k)$, as the graph whose vertex set is identical to the vertex set of $2O_k$, and with edge set $E_2 = E_1 \cup\{\{(v, i), (v, i^c)\} | (v, i), (v, i^c) \in V(2O_k), \,\ i\in\{0, 1\} \}$, where $2O_k$ is the bipartite double graph of the Odd graph $O_k$; and $E_1$ is the edge set of $2O_k$. In this paper, we study some algebraic properties of the bipartite double graph of the Odd graph $O_k$. Moreover, we show that $F(2O_k)$ is a vertex transitive graph, and we determine the automorphism group of $F(2O_k)$. Finally, we prove that $F(2O_k)$ is an integral graph.
The Association of Serum Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins with Coronary Artery Disease Assessed by Coronary Arteriography

There is little doubt that serum lipids and lipoproteins are intimately involved in atherogenesis. Epidemiological, clinical, and animal experimental research have clearly demonstrated a positive association between serum total cholesterol (TC) concentrations and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, measurements of lipoprotein lipids and lipoprotein proteins (apoproteins) appear to enhance the assessment of CAD risk. For example, the measurements of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as LDL-Cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as HDL-Cholesterol show a better statistical correlation with coronary atherosclerosis than either T C or triglycerides (TG) alone. ’4 Furthermore, expression of the lipoprotein lipids as ratios (i.e., LDL-C/TC, HDL-C/TC, or LDLC/HDL-C) appears to increase the statistical relationship with the severity and extent of CAD even no re. ^. ^ Recent studies on serum total apoprotein and lipoprotein protein measurements are beginning to suggest that, they too, are sensitive markers for the assessment of CAD and even for peripheral vascular disease. ” Finally, partitioning the major lipoprotein classes into LDL, and LDL,, or HDLz and HDL,, increases their sensitivity, specificity, and hence, their predictive To answer some of these questions, we did a double-blind study whereby we simultaneously examined the relationship of serum lipids (TC and TG), lipoprotein lipids (HDL-phospholipid, HDL-cholesterol, HDL-triglycerides), and lipoprotein proteins (HDL-apo A) with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Part of this data has already been published The HDL subfraction data and apolipoprotein data are new.
THIN-FILM THERMAL CONVERTERS

Abstract New standards for ac current and voltage measurements, thin-film multifunction thermal converters (MJTCS), have been fabricated using thin-film and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Improved sensitivity and accuracy over single-junction thermoelements and targeted performance will allow new measurement approaches in traditionally troublesome areas such as the low frequency and high current regimes. A review is presented of new microfabrication techniques and packaging methods that have resulted from a collaborative effort at Sandia National Laboratories and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (MHZ).
An Enhanced Dimension Reduction Approach for Microarray Gene Expression Data

Methods: Here, we introduce an enhancement concept that joins two dimension reduction methods of Partial Least Squares (PLS) and Minimum Average Variance Estimation (MAVE), which is called as an enhanced dimension reduction method. The PLS method generates the new transformed genes that include compressed information. Then, the MAVE method clusters samples in the same class and separate samples in other classes.
Development of mitochondrial enzyme activities in rat-small-intestinal epithelium.

1 Mitochondria were isolated from rat-small-intestinal crypt and villous cells and studied comparatively. 2 Several mitochondrial metabolic functions, as well as separate enzyme activities increase in different degrees during the lifetime of the intestinal cell. 3 It is concluded that there is a differential development of mitochondrial enzyme activities in the intestinal epithelium cell. 4 Arrangement of the enzymes according to the various ratios found of villous/crypt activities, suggests an early development of 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidase, cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase when compared with glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase and a number of matrix enzymes such as aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase and octanoyl-CoA synthetase.
Development of a High-Th oughput U ine An ysis for Global Protein Profiling

Scott Peterman, David Sarracino, Amol Prakash, Bryan Krastins, Gregory Byram, Gouri Vadali, Maryann Vogelsang 1Thermo Fisher Scientifi c BRIMS, Cambridge, MA; 2Optys Technology Inc. Philadelphia, PA; 3Nuclea Biosciences, Cambridge, MA P o ster N o te 6 4 4 4 1 Development of a High-Th oughput U ine An ysis for Global Protein Profiling Scott Peterman, David S r acino, Amol Prakash, Bryan Krastins, Gregory Byram, Gouri Vadali, Maryann Vogelsang 1Thermo Fisher Scientific BRIMS, Cambridge, MA, 2Optys Technology Inc. Philadelphia, PA, 3Nuclea Biosciences, Cambridge, MA
Predictive validity of the GOSLON Yardstick index in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate: A systematic review

Among the various indices developed for measuring the results of treatment in patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), the GOSLON Yardstick index is the most widely used to assess the efficacy of treatment and treatment outcomes, which in UCLP cases are closely linked to jaw growth. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to validate the predictability of growth using the GOSLON Yardstick in patients born with UCLP. A systematic literature review was conducted in four Internet databases: Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Embase, complemented by a manual search and a further search in the databases of the leading journals that focus on this topic. An electronic search was also conducted among grey literature. The search identified a total of 131 articles. Duplicated articles were excluded and after reading titles and abstracts, any articles not related to the research objective were excluded, leaving a total of 21 texts. After reading the complete text, only three articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results showed a predictive validity of between 42.2% and 64.7%, which points to a lack of evidence in the literature for the predictive validity of the GOSLON Yardstick index used in children born with UCLP.
Firearms and suicide in the northeast.

BACKGROUND A central question in suicide research is whether firearm availability increases the overall number of suicides rather than the proportion of suicides from guns. METHODS Seven state health departments supplied mortality and hospital discharge data for all suicides and nonfatal hospitalized suicide attempts between 1996 and 2000. Firearm prevalence measures came from the Behavioral Risk Factor Survey Surveillance. Pearson correlation coefficients and associated chi statistics were used to quantify the relation between firearm prevalence and rates of suicide; ordinary least squares regression was used to explore whether the relation could be explained by differences across states in attempt rates or method-specific case fatality rates. RESULTS Firearm prevalence was positively related to the suicide rate, even after controlling for rates of attempted suicide, and could not be accounted for by differences in method-specific case fatality rates. CONCLUSION When it comes to suicide, the availability of household firearms matters-a lot.
Flexible Mediation Analysis in the Presence of Nonlinear Relations: Beyond the Mediation Formula

In the social sciences, mediation analysis has typically been formulated in the context of linear models using the Baron & Kenny (1986) approach. Extensions to nonlinear models have been considered but lack formal justification. By placing mediation analysis within the counterfactual framework of causal inference one can define causal mediation effects in a way that is not tied to a specific statistical model and identify them under certain no unmeasured confounding assumptions. Corresponding estimation procedures using parametric or nonparametric models, based on the so-called mediation formula, have recently been proposed in the psychological literature and made accessible through the R-package mediation. A number of limitations of the latter approach are discussed and a more flexible approach using natural effects models is proposed as an alternative. The latter builds on the same counterfactual framework but enables interpretable and parsimonious modeling of direct and mediated effects and facilitates tests of hypotheses that would otherwise be difficult or impossible to test. We illustrate the approach in a study of individuals who ended a romantic relationship and explore whether the effect of attachment anxiety during the relationship on unwanted pursuit behavior after the breakup is mediated by negative affect during the breakup.
A distance-dependent mode selection algorithm in heterogeneous D2D and IMT-Advanced network

Device-to-Device communication enables high-speed services in the traditional cellular networks but brings potentially mutual interference. In this paper, the heterogeneous network of D2D and IMT-Advanced in a single cell is considered, where the D2D communication is assumed to share the uplink resource with cellular user. The definition of mode selection is first introduced and then a novel distance-dependent algorithm with power optimization is proposed, aiming at selecting the optimal transmission mode with the overall capacity maximized and QoS of cellular user satisfied at the cost of nearly the least essential information for decision-making. The simulation results prove that the novel algorithm tends to the theoretical optimal results based on merely a few parameters instead of traversal analysis, which is much more significative in practical application than the traditional ergodic way.
Power factor improvement of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRM) using permanent magnets for drive size reduction

The performance of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) depends on the direct-axis inductance (Ld) and the quadrature-axis inductance (Lq) of the machine. Increasing the saliency ratio Ld/Lq and making the difference between these inductances (Ld-Lq) large are well known methods for achieving high torque density and power factor. Placing the right amount of permanent magnets inside the rotor in the proper position will significantly improve the performance of this permanent magnet-assisted SynRM (PMa-SynRM). The PMa-SynRM offers higher power factor, which will reduce the size of the inverter. This study investigates the effect of Ferrite and NdFeBr permanent magnets on a 1.5kW SynRM, which has the capability of holding block shape magnets inside one of the rotor air barriers. Analytical analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) are used to compare the use of Ferrite against NdFeBr. Finally, the effects that using high or low cost magnets have on machine power factor and output performance have been studied.
A 0.7pJ/bit 2Gbps self-synchronous serial link receiver using gated-ring oscillator for inductive coupling communication

A low-energy self-synchronous serial link receiver for inductive coupling communication is implemented in 130nm CMOS process. The gated-ring oscillator (GRO) is proposed to combine three key building blocks (CDR, phase interpolator and PLL) used in conventional receiver resulting in energy consumption reduction. In addition, the start-up time and settling time for clock recovery can be significantly reduced due to the large loop bandwidth characteristics of the proposed GRO. As a result, the proposed serial link receiver achieves 2Gbps data rate and sub-20ns settling time while consuming 0.7pJ/bit from the 1.2V supply.
Flow of Mantle Fluids Through the Ductile Lower Crust: Helium Isotope Trends

Heat and mass are injected into the shallow crust when mantle fluids are able to flow through the ductile lower crust. Minimum 3He/4He ratios in surface fluids from the northern Basin and Range Province, western North America, increase systematically from low crustal values in the east to high mantle values in the west, a regional trend that correlates with the rates of active crustal deformation. The highest ratios occur where the extension and shear strain rates are greatest. The correspondence of helium isotope ratios and active transtensional deformation indicates a deformation-enhanced permeability and that mantle fluids can penetrate the ductile lithosphere, even in regions where there is no substantial magmatism. Superimposed on the regional trend are local, high 3He/4He anomalies indicating hidden magmatic activity and/or deep fluid production with locally enhanced permeability, identifying zones with high resource potential, particularly for geothermal energy development.
Effects of ɸ0-meson on the EOS of hyperon star in a relativistic mean field model

Nuclear effective interactions are considered as a vital tool to guide into the region of the high degree of isospin asymmetry and density. We take varieties of parameter sets of RMF model to show the parametric dependence of the hyperon star properties. We add φ0-meson to σ-ω-ρ model. The effects of φ0-meson on the equation of state and consequently on the maximum mass of the hyperon star are discussed. Due to the inclusion of φ0-meson the threshold density of different hyperon production shift to higher density region. The effects of the hyperon-meson coupling constants on the maximum mass and radius of the hyperon stars are discussed.
Graphene Mode-Locked Fiber Laser at 2.8  $\mu \text{m}$

Mid-infrared erbium (Er<sup>3+</sup>)-doped ZrF<sub>4</sub>-BaF<sub>2</sub>-LaF<sub>3</sub>-AlF<sub>3</sub>-NaF fiber laser mode-locked by multilayer graphene saturable absorber was demonstrated. Mode-locked pulses at 2.8 μm with an average output power of 18 mW at a repetition rate of 25.4 MHz, corresponding to a pulse energy of 0.7 nJ, were obtained. The pulsewidth was measured to be ~42 ps by a home-made autocorrelator. Our experiment has validated the mode-locking capability of graphene in the 3-μm wavelength region.
Sociodemographic correlates of cancer screening services among Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites in a rural setting.

OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between age, race, ethnicity, education, insurance coverage, and income and use of cancer screening services. METHODS We used a population-based sample (N=1863) from a community randomized intervention study that took place in eastern Washington State. RESULTS Pap testing was directly associated with having public health insurance (vs private coverage), and having a high income (>$35,000 vs < or = $15,000). Having Medicare coverage was predictive of having had a mammogram or sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy screening, but not an FOBT. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may reflect age-dependent factors that influence access to health care.
A Multidimensional Bisection Method for Minimizing Function over Simplex

A new method for minimization problem over simplex, as a generalization of a well-known in one- dimensional optimization bisection method is proposed. The convergence of the method for class of strictly unimodal functions including class of strictly convex functions is proved. The computational results are presented for a set of test problems.
Calculation of the static torque of a SRM using the FEM-calculated co-energy and the macromodeling approach

This paper presents an alternative method to calculate the electromagnetic torque characteristic of a SRM. Up to now, it is familiar in modeling the SRM to use the lookup tables' technique to get the static torque. This method isn't well integrated with modeling and control design procedures because these procedures have the attending to deal the problem analytically. The macromodeling approach solves this problem and insures both the high accuracy (related to the FEM-analysis of SRM) and the acceptable flexibility in the dynamic modeling and the design of the required control.
Status of Propranolol for Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma and Description of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Objectives: Our primary objective was to review the current use of propranolol for treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH), specifically regarding 1) the age at initiation of therapy, 2) the method of initiation, 3) the use of other adjuvant therapy, 4) the duration of therapy and relapse rate, 5) the adverse events, and 6) the outcome. Our secondary objective was to describe a randomized, controlled, single-blinded trial comparing propranolol to prednisolone for treatment of IH. Methods: Ovid Medline and PubMed searches were completed for the MeSH keywords “propranolol” and “hemangioma. ” Forty-nine English-language articles were published between June 2008 and September 2010, and 28 of these reported data from a total of 213 patients. Only 6 studies treated more than 10 patients, and these were selected for review in detail (154 patients). Results: The treatment was initiated during infancy in 92.9% of patients (mean, 4.5 months). Sixty-five percent of patients were treated with 2 mg/kg per day, and 25.3% with 3 mg/kg per day. Patients were monitored overnight at initiation of treatment in 3 series (59 patients), for 4 to 6 hours as outpatients in 2 series (62 patients), and initially as inpatients but later as outpatients in 1 series (32 patients). Propranolol was used as sole therapy in about two thirds of patients (103 patients). Treatment was ongoing in 46% of patients at the time of publication. The average treatment duration in the remaining patients was 5.1 months. Rebound growth occurred in 21% of patients after a mean of 4.3 months of therapy. Adverse events occurred in 18.1% of patients and included hypotension in 6, somnolence in 6, wheezing in 4, insomnia, agitation, and/or nightmares in 6, cool hands or night sweats in 2, gastroesophageal reflux in 3, and psoriasis-like rash in 1. All authors reported a favorable outcome with propranolol, but the definition of efficacy was not standardized. Conclusions: Propranolol is an attractive alternative to other treatments for IH. Despite apparent widespread use of this medication, the data are limited, and prospective studies are lacking for this indication. The relatively high rate of adverse effects supports the need for careful monitoring of patients on this therapy. Fastidious reporting of adverse events and objective evaluation of early and late outcomes are necessary to improve our understanding of the use of propranolol for this indication.
Late Endosomes: Sorting and Partitioning in Multivesicular Bodies

Late endosomes, which have the morphological characteristics of multivesicular bodies, have received relatively little attention in comparison with early endosomes and lysosomes. Recent work in mammalian and yeast cells has given insights into their structure and function, including the generation of their multivesicular morphology. Lipid partitioning to create microdomains enriched in specific lipids is observed in late endosomes, with some lumenal vesicles enriched in lysobisphosphatidic acid and others in phosphatidylinositol 3‐phosphate. Sorting of membrane proteins into the lumenal vesicles may occur because of the properties of their trans‐membrane domains, or as a result of tagging with ubiquitin. Yeast class E Vps proteins and their mammalian orthologs are the best candidates to make up the protein machinery that controls inward budding, a process that starts in early endosomes. Late endosomes are able to undergo homotypic fusion events and also heterotypic fusion with lysosomes, a process that delivers endocytosed macromolecules for proteolytic degradation.
Real-time short-turning in high frequency bus services based on passenger cost

In this paper, we deal with the problem of determining when and where a bus should short-turn on a single bi-directional line in real-time. We formulate a decision rule for when to short-turn among candidate short-turning locations that is based on the objective of minimizing total generalized passenger travel cost including waiting times and forced transfer. Computational results and analysis are provided via a simulation study in BusMezzo, a dynamic, agent-based transit operations and assignment model that represents both vehicle as well as passenger progression. The simulation framework allows us to evaluate the resulting trade-off between passenger costs and transit performance that occur when a decision to short-turn is made. The proposed short-turning strategy is applied to a real-world high-frequency transit line in Stockholm, Sweden.
An Isolation Effect in Serial Memory for Spatial Information

This paper reports the first demonstration of an isolation effect or von Restorff effect (von Restorff, 1933) in the context of a spatial-memory task: Short-term serial recall was enhanced for both the location and the serial position of one red dot presented amongst a sequence of otherwise black dots. When the serial position of the isolate was fixed, the spatial isolation effect only emerged when participants received a control block of trials before the block of isolation trials (Experiment 1). However, when the serial position of the isolate was varied across isolation trials, an isolation effect was still produced regardless of condition order (Experiment 2). It is suggested that both temporal grouping strategies and greater item-specific processing may have contributed to the enhanced retention of the isolate.
Gold hollow spheres obtained using an innovative emulsion process: towards multifunctional Au nanoshells

The tremendous development of materials with fine tuning of their composition, shape, size and chemical functionalities at the nanometer scale has opened a wide range of applications, particularly in medicine. Metallic nanoparticles are extremely interesting for such developments. The fundamental study of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) versus the shape/size of a particle is an important challenge. In this field, we propose a synthetic strategy using an original biphasic emulsion process linked to chemo-reduction of gold salt HAuCl4. This method allows the preparation of new functional nanocapsules. These nanomaterials are fully characterized.