Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating the orientation of planar surfaces: Algorithims and bounds

This paper presents a computationally and statistically efficient parametric solution to the problem of estimating the orientation in space of a planar textured surface from a single, noisy, observed image of it. The coordinate transformation from surface to image coordinates, due to the perspective projection, transforms each homogeneous sinusoidal component of the surface texture into a sinusoid whose frequency is a function of location. The functional dependence of the sinusoid phase in location is uniquely determined by the tilt and slant angles of the surface. From the physical model of the perspective projection, we derive the Cramer-Rao lower bound on the error variance of estimating the tilt and slant of the observed surface in the presence of observation noise. It is shown in this paper that the phase of each of the sinusoids can be expressed as a linear function of some variables that are related to the surface tilt and slant angles. Using the phase differencing algorithm, we fit a polynomial phase model to a sinusoidal component of the observed texture. Substituting in the derived linear relation, the unknown phase with the one estimated using the phase differencing algorithm, we obtain a closed-form, analytic, and computationally efficient solution to the problem of estimating the tilt and slant angles. The algorithm performance is shown to be close to the Cramer-Rao bound, even for low signal-to-noise ratios, at computational complexity which is considerably lower than that of any existing algorithm.
A Novel Method for Query-by-Humming Using Distance Space

Signal of humming sound is the input which is important for the Query-by-Humming system. This input signal which has variable dimension depend on humming time interval will always affect the feature vector. It cannot be used with some classifiers, which require non-variable dimension of feature vector, such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN) or Support Vector Machine (SVM). Especially, SVM is good classifier and it might be appropriate for our work. Because of each signal of humming sound has variable dimension and length, this is the main problem which we would like to come up with the idea to solve it. We have an idea to create a new feature space that has the same dimension in order to use with SVM classifier. In this paper, we propose indirect feature, it is used distance between template and observation sequence for creating new feature vector. This technique can be briefly described: Firstly, templates are distributed in original feature space. When the observation sequence gets into this space, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) will measure the distance between observation sequence and existing templates. These distance are used to get the new feature vector in new space, called distance space. In this way, all feature vectors are non-variable dimension therefore we used SVM and ANN classifier. The experimental results show that the new feature vector which is used by SVM classifier gives better results than ANN.
Music is Social: From Online Social Features to Online Social Connectedness

Despite the widespread adoption of social networks, the value of implementing similar opportunities for social interaction into online content consumption websites has received limited attention. The research that has been done suggests that there is significant potential in implementing social features on these sites, since increased interaction can lead to higher engagement with the site, and to an increase in users’ willingness to pay for the site. Considering that music is an inherently social good, and that consumers desire the opportunity to involve social aspects into their consumption of music, this study develops a framework of social features and the social interactions they enable and examines the relationship between the features and online social connectedness. Results suggest that this distinction of social features from other features is valuable, and the type of features that is most likely to lead to feelings of connectedness is highlighted. Implications for site developers and researchers are also discussed.
Manipulation the near field with wire metamaterials

Metamaterials have been proved very useful for their high potential in guiding and manipulating of near fields. A theoretically revealed effect of the significant enhancement of evanescent harmonics inside a wire metamaterial slab is experimentally verified in the microwave frequency range. The phenomenon originates from resonant pumping of standing waves into which evanescent waves are converted inside the slab. We find a good agreement between experimental data, numerical simulations and theory. Also some metamaterials applications for magnetic resonance imaging system are viewed.
A Model for Projection and Action

In designing autonomous agents that deal competently with issues involving time and space, there is a tradeoff to be made between guaranteed response-time reactions on the one hand, and flexibility and expressiveness on the other. We propose a model of action with probabilistic reasoning and decision analytic evaluation for use in a layered control architecture. Our model is well suited to tasks that require reasoning about the interaction of behaviors and events in a fixed temporal horizon. Decisions are continuously reevaluated, so that there is no problem with plans becoming obsolete as new information becomes available. In this paper, we are particularly interested in the trade-offs required to guarantee a fixed reponse time in reasoning about nondeterministic cause-and-eflect relationships. By exploiting approximate decision making processes, we are able to trade accuracy in our predictions for speed in decision making in order to improve expected performance in dynamic situations.
Learning Musculoskeletal Dynamics with Non-Parametric Models

—Gait control of bipeds has been a key challenge in robot locomotion for decades. A key component toward controller design is a good model of the robot and its interactions with the environment. For systems with highly compliant and complex actuation, however, deriving the models for the essential system components is quite tedious. In this paper, we propose to learn non-parametric models for a human inspired musculoskeletal biped, whose nonlinear actuation dynamics and passive tendon elasticities make modeling very challenging. We present ﬁrst promising results that hint at the usefulness of data-driven modeling approaches in the context of legged robots.
It’s not my job: Compensatory effects of procedural justice and goal setting on proactive preventive behavior

In two experiments, we examined the function of procedural justice in signaling individuals’ value to the group by arguing that individuals treated fairly are more likely to engage in proactive preventive behavior, a behavior that involves proactively revising or correcting the mistakes and intentional deceptions of coworkers. In addition, we extend Staw and Boettger’s (1990) work on task revision and demonstrate that procedural justice and goal setting have compensatory effects, such that procedural justice can be combined with performance goals to reap the valuable aspects of goal setting while minimizing some of the unintended side-effects. Our findings also contribute to the ongoing discussion of the mixed effects of goal setting, as well as the effects of multiple goal assignment.
Overexpressed eIF4E Is Functionally Active in Surgical Margins of Head and Neck Cancer Patients via Activation of the Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway

Purpose: Overexpression of eIF4E in surgical margins of head and neck cancer patients is an independent risk factor for recurrence. We hypothesize that overexpressed eIF4E is functionally active in tumor margins through activation of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway Experimental Design: Western blots and/or immunohistochemistry were performed to determine whether phosphorylation of mTOR and activation of its downstream molecules eIF4E-binding protein-1 (4E-BP1) and p70 S6 kinase and the upstream modulator of mTOR, Akt, were expressed in margins overexpressing eIF4E. Results: There was a significant association between phospho-4E-BP1 and eIF4E expression of a margin or a significant difference in phospho-4E-BP1 expression between the eIF4E-positive and -negative margins (P < 0.01). A significant association between eIF4E and phospho-p70 S6 kinase as well as eIF4E and phospho-mTOR was also noted (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis indicated a highly significant difference in the phosphorylation status of 4E-BP1 between tumors and resection margins. A total of 89% of the 4E-BP1-expressing margins expressed more of the phosphorylated (β, γ, and δ) isoforms, whereas 81% of the 4E-BP1-expressing tumors expressed more of the unphosphorylated α isoform. A similar difference in Akt activation was noted between eIF4E-positive margins and tumors (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Overexpression of eIF4E is functionally active in tumor margins through activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The greater degree of expression of downstream targets and upstream regulators of mTOR in margins compared with the tumors indicates preferential activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in margins overexpressing eIF4E. Rapamycin analogs can potentially be used as adjuvant therapy for patients with eIF4E-positive margins.
AGR2 Predicts Tamoxifen Resistance in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Patients

Endocrine resistance is a significant problem in breast cancer treatment. Thus identification and validation of novel resistance determinants is important to improve treatment efficacy and patient outcome. In our work, AGR2 expression was determined by qRT-PCR in Tru-Cut needle biopsies from tamoxifen-treated postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Our results showed inversed association of AGR2 mRNA levels with primary treatment response (P = 0.0011) and progression-free survival (P = 0.0366) in 61 ER-positive breast carcinomas. As shown by our experimental and clinical evaluations, elevated AGR2 expression predicts decreased efficacy of tamoxifen treatment. From this perspective, AGR2 is a potential predictive biomarker enabling selection of an optimal algorithm for adjuvant hormonal therapy in postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer patients.
Comparison of performance limits by mutual information and practical realizations for optical long-haul coded modulation communication systems

Mutual information (MI) is derived as an information-theoretical figure of merit to assess the performance bounds of an optical long-haul communication system when forward error correction is used. This limit, which is valid for any optical channel model, is compared with a trellis coded modulation (TCM) system and with a regular low-density parity-check (LDPC) code in order to evaluate the gap in performance due to imperfection in the code design.
Generalized k-Labelsets Ensemble for Multi-Label and Cost-Sensitive Classification

Label powerset (LP) method is one category of multi-label learning algorithm. This paper presents a basis expansions model for multi-label classification, where a basis function is an LP classifier trained on a random k-labelset. The expansion coefficients are learned to minimize the global error between the prediction and the ground truth. We derive an analytic solution to learn the coefficients efficiently. We further extend this model to handle the cost-sensitive multi-label classification problem, and apply it in social tagging to handle the issue of the noisy training set by treating the tag counts as the misclassification costs. We have conducted experiments on several benchmark datasets and compared our method with other state-of-the-art multi-label learning methods. Experimental results on both multi-label classification and cost-sensitive social tagging demonstrate that our method has better performance than other methods.
A novel charge recycling approach to low-power circuit design

A novel charge-recycling scheme has been designed and implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of operating digital circuits using the charge scavenged from the leakage and dynamic load currents inherent to digital logic. The proposed scheme uses capacitors to efficiently recover the ground-bound charge and to subsequently boost the capacitor voltage to power up the source circuit. This recycling methodology has been implemented on a 12-bit Gray-code counter within a 12-bit multi-channel Wilkinson ADC. The circuit has been designed in 0. 5μm BiCMOS and in 90nm CMOS processes. SPICE simulation results reveal a 46-53% average reduction in the energy consumption of the counter. The total energy savings including the control generation aggregates to an average of 26-34%.
On Distance Connected Domination Numbers of Graphs

Let k be a positive integer and G = (V,E) be a connected graph of order n. A set D ⊆ V is called a k-dominating set of G if each x ∈ V (G) − D is within distance k from some vertex of D. A connected k-dominating set is a k-dominating set that induces a connected subgraph of G. The connected k-domination number of G, denoted by γ k(G), is the minimum cardinality of a connected k-dominating set. Let δ and ∆ denote the minimum and the maximum degree of G, respectively. This paper establishes that γ k(G) ≤ max{1, n − 2k − ∆ + 2}, and γ k(G) ≤ (1+oδ(1))n ln[m(δ+1)+2−t] m(δ+1)+2−t , where m = d k 3 e, t = 3d k 3 e−k, and oδ(1) denotes a function that tends to 0 as δ → ∞. The later generalizes the result of Caro et al’s in [Connected domination and spanning trees with many leaves. SIAM J. Discrete Math. 13 (2000), 202-211] for k = 1.
Both frequency and interaural delay affect event-related potential responses to binaural gap

Human listeners are extraordinarily sensitive to a transient break in interaural correlation (called binaural gap). In this study, a binaural gap embedded in interaurally correlated noise markers elicited marked scalp event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs to the binaural gap in narrowband noise with the center frequency of 1600 Hz were significantly weaker than those for narrowband noise with the center frequency of 400 or 800 Hz. Introducing the interaural time difference (ITD) of 4 ms weakened the ERPs for either 400-Hz or 800-Hz noise. Introducing the ITD of 2 ms, however, only weakened the ERPs for 800-Hz but not 400-Hz noise. Thus central representations of a transient break in interaural correlation for narrowband noises are affected by both frequency and ITD.
State‐of‐the‐Art in Compressed GPU‐Based Direct Volume Rendering

Great advancements in commodity graphics hardware have favoured graphics processing unit (GPU)‐based volume rendering as the main adopted solution for interactive exploration of rectilinear scalar volumes on commodity platforms. Nevertheless, long data transfer times and GPU memory size limitations are often the main limiting factors, especially for massive, time‐varying or multi‐volume visualization, as well as for networked visualization on the emerging mobile devices. To address this issue, a variety of level‐of‐detail (LOD) data representations and compression techniques have been introduced. In order to improve capabilities and performance over the entire storage, distribution and rendering pipeline, the encoding/decoding process is typically highly asymmetric, and systems should ideally compress at data production time and decompress on demand at rendering time. Compression and LOD pre‐computation does not have to adhere to real‐time constraints and can be performed off‐line for high‐quality results. In contrast, adaptive real‐time rendering from compressed representations requires fast, transient and spatially independent decompression. In this report, we review the existing compressed GPU volume rendering approaches, covering sampling grid layouts, compact representation models, compression techniques, GPU rendering architectures and fast decoding techniques.
γ‐Synuclein and the progression of cancer

The synucleins are a small, soluble, highly conserved group of neuronal proteins that have been implicated in both neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The synuclein family consists of α‐, β‐, and γ‐synucleins (γ‐syn). They are a natively unfolded group of proteins that share sequence homologies and structural properties (1, 2). So far, the biological functions of the synucleins are still unclear, but their involvement in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer may provide insights into the pathological processes that result from these two groups of debilitating dis‐eases, and present the possibility to use them as potential targets for early diagnosis and treatment.
Noise Reduction in Rhythmic and Multitrial Biosignals With Applications to Event-Related Potentials

A new noise reduction algorithm is presented for signals displaying repeated patterns or multiple trials. Each pattern is stored in a matrix, forming a set of events, which is termed multievent signal. Each event is considered as an affine transform of a basic template signal that allows for time scaling and shifting. Wavelet transforms, decimated and undecimated, are applied to each event. Noise reduction on the set of coefficients of the transformed events is applied using either wavelet de- noising or principal component analysis (PCA) noise reduction methodologies. The method does not require any manual selection of coefficients. Nonstationary multievent synthetic signals are employed to demonstrate the performance of the method using normalized mean square error against classical wavelet and PCA based algorithms. The new method shows a significant improvement in low SNRs (typically <0 dB). On the experimental side, evoked potentials in a visual oddball paradigm are used. The reduced-noise visual oddball event-related potentials reveal gradual changes in morphology from trial to trial (especially for N1-P2 and N2-P3 waves at Fz), which can be hypothetically linked to attention or decision processes. The new noise reduction method is, thus, shown to be particularly suited for recovering single-event features in non- stationary low SNR multievent contexts.
Scalable BGP QoS Extension with Multiple Metrics

Being an important and yet a challenging problem, the QoS-based routing in the converging Internet has received significant attention from the research community. However, most of the QoS-based routing research is conducted in the context of intra-domain routing, leaving QoS-based inter-domain routing relatively open. In this paper, we specifically investigate how to extend the current inter-domain routing protocol (BGP) to support multiple QoS metrics. With multiple metrics, a BGP speaker has to advertise multiple routes for each destination to its peer. This will increase the routing message overhead and make QoS-aware BGP unscalable to large networks. Therefore, our focus in this paper is to bring QoS extensions to the original BGP while simultaneously providing high performance and scalability. In response to this, we propose path reduction algorithms, i.e., contribution based reduction (CBR) algorithms, to reduce the number of routes advertised by BGP speakers while maximizing the routing success ratio. Extensive simulations show that our schemes achieve high performance with low complexity in terms of message overhead and computation, making the QoS extension to BGP scalable
Predictors of employment outcomes among supported employment program participants with spinal cord injury

OBJECTIVE: To examine factors associated with employment outcomes of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) Supported Employment (SE) among participants with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: A secondary analysis of data from a 24-month study of IPS participants with SCI was conducted. Factors from three broad domains of sociodemographic, clinical, and supports were examined for potential impact on employment outcomes. Regression analysis was used to model the probability of obtaining employment. RESULTS: Univariate models showed signiﬁcant predictors by domain as follows: Sociodemographic – college education, employment at time of SCI, and post-SCI work experience; Clinical – tetraplegia, number of inpatient days, and traumatic braininjuryhistory;Supports–transportationandmotorfunction/mobility.Inthemultivariatemodel,onlynumberofinpatienthospitaldaysduringIPSandpost-SCIworkexperienceremainedsigniﬁcant. CONCLUSION: Longer hospital admissions were associated with a reduced likelihood for IPS participants to obtain employment. Full participation in IPS leading to job acquisition is most likely to occur when health is optimized and prolonged hospitalization is minimized. To understand how past experience working with a SCI inﬂuences participation in IPS services and employment outcomes, including job sustainability, further examination is needed.
Autophosphorylation of JAK2 on Tyrosines 221 and 570 Regulates Its Activity

ABSTRACT The tyrosine kinase JAK2 is a key signaling protein for at least 20 receptors in the cytokine/hematopoietin receptor superfamily and is a component of signaling by insulin receptor and several G-protein-coupled receptors. However, there is only limited knowledge of the physical structure of JAK2 or which of the 49 tyrosines in JAK2 are autophosphorylated. In this study, mass spectrometry and two-dimensional peptide mapping were used to determine that tyrosines 221, 570, and 1007 in JAK2 are autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation of tyrosine 570 is particularly robust. In response to growth hormone, JAK2 was rapidly and transiently phosphorylated at tyrosines 221 and 570, returning to basal levels by 60 min. Analysis of the sequences surrounding tyrosines 221 and 570 in JAK2 and tyrosines in other proteins that are phosphorylated in response to ligands that activate JAK2 suggests that the YXX[L/I/V] motif is one of the motifs recognized by JAK2. Experiments using JAK2 with tyrosines 221 and 570 mutated to phenylalanine suggest that tyrosines 221 and 570 in JAK2 may serve as regulatory sites in JAK2, with phosphorylation of tyrosine 221 increasing kinase activity and phosphorylation of tyrosine 570 decreasing kinase activity and thereby contributing to rapid termination of ligand activation of JAK2.
Subordination results for certain classes of analytic functions associated with the convolution structure.

The main object of the present paper is to derive subordination property of the class which was very recently PTg(λ, α, β, γ) introduced by Murugusundaramoorthy and Joshi (J. Math. Ineq., 3(1)(2009), pp. 293-303). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 30C45.