Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Surface Currents Measured With High-Frequency Phased-Array Radars in Two Regions of Complex Circulation

Surface velocity data from two WERA high-frequency (HF) ocean radar systems, deployed as part of the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), are compared with near-surface currents obtained from drifters and acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs). We evaluate data from two contrasting locations in the first detailed evaluation of the IMOS HF radar surface velocities. HF radar measurements are generally robust but demand quality-control procedures to eliminate obvious errors and outliers that appear temporarily or systematically in the data. A number of different quality control procedures and filters are applied and assessed including Taylor diagrams and Hampel and Savitzky–Golay filters. In addition, the need for and effect of averaging are discussed. The radar measurements of surface current agreed better with the near-surface drifter currents than with the subsurface ADCP currents. Nonetheless, the ADCP comparisons are consistent with those previously reported in other regions. The value of the Taylor diagram for comparing different surface current data sets and processing approaches is demonstrated. Noise levels in the radar current spectra are used to estimate the error in the measurements and in some cases, these errors were found to approach the precision of the radar estimates. Our results give guidance on the most useful temporal sampling resolution. In particular we show that at these sites and these operating frequencies, using 10-min sampling without further averaging does not provide additional information because the higher frequencies are dominated by noise. Averaging the radials over 30 min may be sufficient for many applications.
Gambling Behaviors Among Oxford House Residents: A Preliminary Investigation

ABSTRACT The present study investigated the prevalence of gambling behaviors among 71 individuals recovering from substance-dependent disorders and living in self-run recovery homes (Oxford Houses). Residents were given the South Oaks Gambling Screen to assess gambling behaviors and pathological gambling, and 19.7% of the sample was identified as having probable pathological gambling. These residents reported proportionately more involvement in a variety of gambling behaviors than other residents. Engagement in various gambling activities was consistent with previous investigations and suggested that self-run recovery homes such as Oxford Houses might be suitable referral sources for recovering persons who have comorbid gambling problems.
Analysis of Total-Dose Response of A Bipolar Voltage Comparator Combining Radiation Experiments And Design Data

A circuit analysis of the LM139 voltage comparator is presented to clarify the roles played by each part of this micro-circuit in determining the total dose-induced degradation. This method, based on both theoretical and experimental data, reveals the input and output stages to be the main portions of the circuit responsible for the device failure.
Clinical Usefulness of Novel Immunochromatographic Detection Device for Porphyromonas gingivalis in Evaluating Effects of Scaling and Root Planing and Local Antimicrobial Therapy.

BACKGROUND The authors have previously reported development of a novel immunochromatographic device (DK13-PG-001) for specific detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). In this study, clinical usefulness of the detection device during periodontal therapy is presented. METHODS The multicenter study was conducted with 62 patients contributing 118 periodontitis sites with probing depth (PD) of 4 to 9 mm. Subgingival plaque samples were used for detection of Pg by DK13-PG-001 and the PCR-invader method at: 1) baseline (BL); 2) reevaluation (RE; after scaling and root planing); and 3) final evaluation (FE; after local drug delivery system). Periodontal examinations were performed concurrently with the test for Pg detection. Plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers against Pg were also determined in patients using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS DK13-PG-001 score and number of Pg by the PCR-invader method showed a strong correlation (r = 0.862) at three stages during periodontal therapy (n = 354). High sensitivity and specificity of DK13-PG-001, in comparison with the PCR-invader method, were shown. A significant correlation was found among device score, number of Pg by the PCR-invader method, and PD and clinical attachment level at BL and RE. Plasma IgG titers against Pg were significantly reduced at FE in comparison with BL. Weak but significant correlations between IgG titers and device scores were shown at BL and FE. CONCLUSION Results suggest the DK13-PG-001 device is a useful tool for detection of Pg in dental offices and can aid clinical evaluation of the extent of periodontitis and therapeutic efficacy.
Modèle bio-inspiré pour le clustering de graphes : application à la fouille de données et à la distribution de simulations. (Bio-inspired models for clustering graphs : applications for data mining and distribution of simulations)

Dans ce travail de these, nous presentons une methode originale s’inspirant des comportements des fourmis reelles pour la resolution de probleme de classification non supervisee non hierarchique. Cette approche creee dynamiquement des groupes de donnees. Elle est basee sur le concept des fourmis artificielles qui se deplacent en meme temps de maniere complexe avec les regles de localisation simples. Chaque fourmi represente une donnee dans l’algorithme. Les mouvements des fourmis visent a creer des groupes homogenes de donnees qui evoluent ensemble dans une structure de graphe. Nous proposons egalement une methode de construction incrementale de graphes de voisinage par des fourmis artificielles. Nous proposons deux methodes qui se derivent parmi les algorithmes biomimetiques. Ces methodes sont hybrides dans le sens ou la recherche du nombre de classes, de depart, est effectuee par l’algorithme de classification K-Means, qui est utilise pour initialiser la premiere partition et la structure de graphe.
Crowdclustering with Partition Labels

Crowdclustering is a practical way to incorporate domain knowledge into clustering, by combining opinions from multiple domain experts. Existing crowdclustering methods analyze binary pairwise similarity labels. However, in some applications, experts might provide partition labels. If we convert partition labels into pairwise similarity, then it would be difficult to understand the relationships between clustering solutions from different experts. In this paper, we propose a crowdclustering model that directly analyzes partition labels. The proposed model adopts a novel approach based on a modified multinomial logistic regression model, which simultaneously learns the number of clusters and determines hyper-planes that partition samples into clusters. The proposed model also learns a mapping between the latent clusters and expert labels, revealing the agreements and disagreements between experts. Experiments on benchmark data demonstrate that the proposed model simultaneously learns the number of clusters and discovers the clustering structure. An experiment on disease subtyping problem illustrates that the proposed model helps us understand the agreement and disagreement between experts.
Implementation and Customization of a Smart Mirror through a Facial Recognition Authentication and a Personalized News Recommendation Algorithm

In recent years the advancement of technologies of information and communication (technology ICTs) have helped to improve the quality of people's lives. The paradigm of internet of things (IoT, Internet of things) presents innovative solutions that are changing the style of life of the people. Because of this proposes the implementation of a smart mirror as part of a system of home automation, with which we intend to optimize the time of people as they prepare to start their day. This device is constructed from a reflective glass, LCD monitor, a Raspberry Pi 3, a camera and a platform IoT oriented cloud computing, where the information is obtained to show in the mirror, through the consumption of web services. The information is customizable thanks to a mobile application, which in turn allows the user photos to access the mirror, using authentication with facial recognition and user information to predict the news to show according to your profile. In addition, as part of the idea of providing the user a personalized experience, the Smart Mirror incorporates a news recommendation algorithm, implemented using a predictive model, which uses the algorithm, naive bayes.
Credit and efficiency in centralized and decentralized economies

We study a credit model where, because of adverse selection, unprofitable projects may nevertheless be financed. Indeed they may continue to be financed even when shown to be low-quality if sunk costs have already been incurred. We show that credit decentralization offers a way for creditors to commit not to refinance such projects, thereby discouraging entrepreneurs from undertaking them initially. Thus, decentralization provides financial discipline. Nevertheless, we argue that it puts too high a premium on short-term returns. The model seems pertinent to two issues: Soft budget constraint problems in centralized economies, and differences between Anglo-Saxon and German-Japanese” financing. © 1995 The Review of Economic Studies Limited.
A Computational Evaluation of Two Laws of Semantic Change

For more than a century scholars have proposed laws of semantic change that characterize how words change in meaning over time. Two such laws are the law of differentiation, which proposes that near-synonyms tend to differentiate in meaning over time, and the law of parallel change, which proposes that related words tend to undergo parallel changes in meaning. Researchers have identified a handful of changes that are consistent with each proposed law, but there are no systematic evaluations that assess the validity and generality of these competing laws. Here we evaluate these laws by using a large corpus to assess how thousands of related words changed in meaning over the twentieth century. Our analyses show that the law of parallel change applies more broadly than the law of differentiation, and thereby illustrate how large-scale computational analyses can place laws of semantic change on a more secure footing.
Effect of egg freshness on their automatic orientation.

BACKGROUND High-quality eggs in unified packaging are desired by egg production enterprises. Automatic orientation apparatus is frequently used to orient eggs uniformly to pointed-end-down position for packaging. However, such apparatus may not work accordingly if the eggs are stored under improper methods or for excessive storage time. To study the effect of egg freshness on the efficiency of automatic orientation process, the relationship between egg freshness and its orientation motions was investigated under different storage conditions. RESULTS The results showed that as the storage time increased, centroid position and pointed-end-down turnover ratio decreased; other parameters such as eggs' obliquity at stationary state, horizontal deflection angle, speed, acceleration of axial motion, side-slip angle and rolling distance increased. However, the effects of storage time on the guiding distance of the guide rod were not apparent. In addition, the higher the storage temperature, the greater the changes of the final orientation states of eggs on the conveyor line. If the eggs were to be oriented uniformly, they should be stored for less than 25, 16, 10 and 7 days at 10 °C, 18 °C, 26 °C and 34 °C, respectively, under a relative humidity of 75%. CONCLUSION The experimental results presented in this paper are very useful for quality control and quality assurance in egg production enterprises. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Terrain-relative navigation for autonomous underwater vehicles

For map-matching navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles, the central problem is localizing a sonar (or video) image of the seafloor in an existing global bathymetric map. The terrain-relative navigation methodology presented is grounded in the Kalman filter framework and uses its three basic steps: prediction, measurement, and update. In the prediction step, the vehicle location with uncertainty (state and state covariance) is estimated by using the previous vehicle location and dead reckoning. In the measurement step, the current sonar image is matched to the map using the mean absolute difference dissimilarity parameter. Because of the potential for large uncertainties in both the depth values of the image and those of the map, a suite of good matches is accepted rather than the single best match. The location of each match is considered a measurement of the vehicle position. Finally, each match (measurement) is weighted probabilistically using data association techniques, and the resulting best estimate and associated uncertainties comprise the navigation update. This updated position is then used as a basis for the next prediction step, and the process is repeated. Using real bathymetric data from a section of seafloor near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the Kane and Atlantis transforms, a simulation showing the success of this algorithm is presented.
FEMOS: Fog-Enabled Multitier Operations Scheduling in Dynamic Wireless Networks

Fog computing has recently emerged as a promising technique in content delivery wireless networks to alleviate the heavy bursty traffic burdens on backhaul connections. In order to improve the overall system performance, in terms of network throughput, service delay and fairness, it is very crucial and challenging to jointly optimize node assignments at control tier and resource allocation at access tier under dynamic user requirements and wireless network conditions. To solve this problem, in this paper, a fog-enabled multitier network architecture is proposed to model a typical content delivery wireless network with heterogeneous node capabilities in computing, communication, and storage. Further, based on Lyapunov optimization techniques, a new online low-complexity algorithm, namely fog-enabled multitier operations scheduling (FEMOS), is developed to decompose the original complicated problem into two operations across different tiers. Rigorous performance analysis derives the tradeoff relationship between average network throughput and service delay, i.e., ${[O(1/V), O(V)] }$ with a control parameter $\boldsymbol {V}$ , under FEMOS algorithm in dynamic wireless networks. For different network sizes and traffic loads, extensive simulation results show that FEMOS is a fair and efficient algorithm for all user terminals and, more importantly, it can offer much better performance, in terms of network throughput, service delay, and queue backlog, than traditional node assignment and resource allocation algorithms.
Autonomic and Adrenocortical Reactivity and Buccal Cell Telomere Length in Kindergarten Children

Objective: To examine associations between autonomic nervous system and adrenocortical reactivity to laboratory stressors and buccal cell telomere length (BTL) in children. Methods: The study sample comprised 78 children, aged 5 to 6 years, from a longitudinal cohort study of kindergarten social hierarchies, biologic responses to adversity, and child health. Buccal cell samples and reactivity measures were collected in the spring of the kindergarten year. BTL was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction, as the telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio. Parents provided demographic information; parents and teachers reported children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Components of children's autonomic (heart rate, respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA], and preejection period [PEP]) and adrenocortical (salivary cortisol) responses were monitored during standardized laboratory challenges. We examined relationships between reactivity, internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and BTL, adjusted for age, race, and sex. Results: Heart rate and cortisol reactivity were inversely related to BTL, PEP was positively related to BTL, and RSA was unrelated to BTL. Internalizing behaviors were also inversely related to BTL (standardized &bgr; = −0.33, p =.004). Split at the median of reactivity parameters, children with high sympathetic activation (decreasing PEP), and parasympathetic withdrawal (decreasing RSA) did not differ with regard to BTL. However, children with both this profile and high cortisol reactivity (n = 12) had significantly shorter BTL (0.80 versus 1.00; &khgr;2 = 7.6, p =.006), compared with other children. Conclusions: The combination of autonomic and adrenocortical reactivity was associated with shorter BTL in children. These data suggest that psychophysiological processes may influence, and that BTL may be a useful marker of, early biologic aging.DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid; BTL = buccal cell telomere length; ANS = autonomic nervous system; HPA = hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; HR = heart rate; SNS = sympathetic nervous system; PNS = parasympathetic nervous system; PEP = preejection period; RSA = respiratory sinus arrhythmia; PAWS = Peers and Wellness Study; BMI = body mass index; T/S = telomere repeat copy number to single-copy gene copy number; ECG = electrocardiograph; SES = socioeconomic status.
The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To present psychometric data on a comprehensive, parent-report sleep screening instrument designed for school-aged children, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). The CSHQ yields both a total score and eight subscale scores, reflecting key sleep domains that encompass the major medical and behavioral sleep disorders in this age group. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Three elementary schools in New England, a pediatric sleep disorders clinic in a children's teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Parents of 469 school-aged children, aged 4 through 10 years (community sample), and parents of 154 patients diagnosed with sleep disorders in a pediatric sleep clinic completed the CSHQ. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS The CSHQ showed adequate internal consistency for both the community sample (p=0.68) and the clinical sample (p=0.78); alpha coefficients for the various subscales of the CSHQ ranged from 0.36 (Parasomnias) to 0.70 (Bedtime Resistance) for the community sample, and from 0.56 (Parasomnias) to 0.93 (Sleep-Disordered Breathing) for the sleep clinic group. Test-retest reliability was acceptable (range 0.62 to 0.79). CSHQ individual items, as well as the subscale and total scores were able to consistently differentiate the community group from the sleep-disordered group, demonstrating validity. A cut-off total CSHQ score of 41 generated by analysis of the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) correctly yielded a sensitivity of 0.80 and specificity of 0.72. CONCLUSIONS The CSHQ appears to be a useful sleep screening instrument to identify both behaviorally based and medically-based sleep problems in school-aged children.
Application of Bloom Filter for GTP Stateful Inspection in Network Processor

The 3rd Generation network rely on a key protocol—the GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP). However, GTP itself is not designed to be secure. So it is necessary to inspect the legal GTP channels and protect the backbone. Because a great deal of GTP-U packets transferring in the channels and the 3G firewall is required to check ten thousand GTP channels which needs mass bytes, so a fast and saving space algorithm is needed. A Bloom Filter algorithm is used to inspect the GTP-U flows. This method takes advantages of multi-threads and hash units of network processor. The analyses prove that the method only store some bit vectors and corresponding counters which needs less space. The experiments show this method can inspect of 1Gbps flow in the GTP channel.
Risk of bias and confounding of observational studies of Zika virus infection: A scoping review of research protocols

Introduction Given the severity and impact of the current Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Americas, numerous countries have rushed to develop research studies to assess ZIKV and its potential health consequences. In an effort to ensure that studies are comprehensive, both internally and externally valid, and with reliable results, the World Health Organization, the Pan American Health Organization, Institut Pasteur, the networks of Fiocruz, the Consortia for the Standardization of Influenza Seroepidemiology (CONSISE) and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) have generated six standardized clinical and epidemiological research protocols and questionnaires to address key public health questions on ZIKV. Methods We conducted a systematic search of ongoing study protocols related to ZIKV research. We analyzed the content of protocols of 32 cohort studies and 13 case control studies for systematic bias that could produce erroneous results. Additionally we aimed to characterize the risks of bias and confounding in observational studies related to ZIKV and to propose ways to minimize them, including the use of six newly standardized research protocols. Results Observational studies of ZIKV face an array of challenges, including measurement of exposure and outcomes (microcephaly and Guillain-Barré Syndrome). Potential confounders need to be measured where known and controlled for in the analysis. Selection bias due to non-random selection is a significant issue, particularly in the case-control design, and losses to follow-up is equally important for the cohort design. Conclusion Observational research seeking to answer key questions on the ZIKV should consider these restrictions and take precautions to minimize bias in an effort to provide reliable and valid results. Utilization of the standardized research protocols developed by the WHO, PAHO, Institut Pasteur, and CONSISE will harmonize the key methodological aspects of each study design to minimize bias at different stages of the study. Biases need to be considered by researchers implementing the standardized protocols as well as by users of observational epidemiological studies of ZIKV.
Elections and the Quality of Public Officials: Evidence from U.S. State Courts

We investigate the influence of electoral rules and voter information in elections on voting outcomes and the quality of public officials, using new data on state court judge elections in 39 states in the U.S. from 1990 to 2010. We find, first, that voting is very partisan in partisan judicial elections - i.e., there is a strong correlation between the Democratic "normal vote'' and the Democratic vote share for judges - but not in non-partisan or non-competitive "retention'' elections. This partisan voting behavior cannot be attributed to clear differences between Democratic and Republican judges in their sentencing decisions, since such differences, if any, are small and not consistent. Second, we find that incumbent judges' quality has little effect on their vote share or probability of winning in partisan general elections. By contrast, it has a substantial effect in non-partisan elections and partisan primary elections. It also has a noticeable effect on their vote share in retention elections, but the magnitude is often too small to affect reelection. Evidence on turnout is consistent with a simple "voting cue'' hypothesis. We find that about 83\% of the voters who vote on the top office on the ballot also vote on judicial elections in partisan elections. In contrast, in nonpartisan and retention elections, only 76\% and 67\% of those who vote on the top office also vote on judicial candidates, respectively. In addition, the amount of newspaper coverage affects voter turnout only in non-partisan elections.