Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Udel @ NTCIR-11 MobileClick Track

This paper describes our participation in the MobileClick track of NTCIR-11. We present our methods and results for both iUnit retrieval and summarization. Our ranking methods for the retrieval task are essentially two-step methods in which we first create a model pseudo-nugget, and then promote iUnits that are the most similar to that model pseudo-nugget. Our summarization methods consist in simply concatenating the iUnits (parts of sentences) that we already ranked in our retrieval sub-task.
Finding Movies Interesting: How Appraisals and Expertise Influence the Aesthetic Experience of Film

Film and television are major parts of everyday aesthetic experience, but not much is known about viewers' aesthetic experience of motion picture media. We explored how interest and confusion in response to film were predicted by people's cognitive appraisals and level of expertise. People who varied in expertise viewed 10 film clips taken from submissions to a local film festival. For each film, people gave ratings of interest, confusion, and their relevant appraisals. Expertise was measured with a preliminary Aesthetic Fluency in Film scale. Multilevel models showed that appraising a film clip as complex and comprehensible predicted interest, a finding that replicates past interest research. Additionally, appraising a film clip as complex and incomprehensible predicted confusion. Experts in film found the films more interesting and less confusing overall, and their interest was more strongly predicted by complexity.
Assessment of Preschool Behavior and Social-Emotional Functioning: A Review of Thirteen Third-Party Instruments

This study investigated the psychometric qualities of 13 preschool third-party measures of social-emotional functioning. Most of the rating scales were severely limited in critical and primary areas of technical adequacy, including standardization samples, internal consistency, stability, interrater reliability, ceilings, floors, item gradients, and evidence of validity. Instruments which most frequently met the psychometric criteria were primarily recently published scales.
Multi-touch Attribution in Online Advertising with Survival Theory

Multi-touch attribution, which allows distributing the credit to all related advertisements based on their corresponding contributions, has recently become an important research topic in digital advertising. Traditionally, rule-based attribution models have been used in practice. The drawback of such rule-based models lies in the fact that the rules are not derived form the data but only based on simple intuition. With the ever enhanced capability to tracking advertisement and users' interaction with the advertisement, data-driven multi-touch attribution models, which attempt to infer the contribution from user interaction data, become an important research direction. We here propose a new data-driven attribution model based on survival theory. By adopting a probabilistic framework, one key advantage of the proposed model is that it is able to remove the presentation biases inherit to most of the other attribution models. In addition to model the attribution, the proposed model is also able to predict user's 'conversion' probability. We validate the proposed method with a real-world data set obtained from a operational commercial advertising monitoring company. Experiment results have shown that the proposed method is quite promising in both conversion prediction and attribution.
Feedback control of arm movements using Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) combined with a lockable, passive exoskeleton for gravity compensation

Within the European project MUNDUS, an assistive framework was developed for the support of arm and hand functions during daily life activities in severely impaired people. This contribution aims at designing a feedback control system for Neuro-Muscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) to enable reaching functions in people with no residual voluntary control of the arm and shoulder due to high level spinal cord injury. NMES is applied to the deltoids and the biceps muscles and integrated with a three degrees of freedom (DoFs) passive exoskeleton, which partially compensates gravitational forces and allows to lock each DOF. The user is able to choose the target hand position and to trigger actions using an eyetracker system. The target position is selected by using the eyetracker and determined by a marker-based tracking system using Microsoft Kinect. A central controller, i.e., a finite state machine, issues a sequence of basic movement commands to the real-time arm controller. The NMES control algorithm sequentially controls each joint angle while locking the other DoFs. Daily activities, such as drinking, brushing hair, pushing an alarm button, etc., can be supported by the system. The robust and easily tunable control approach was evaluated with five healthy subjects during a drinking task. Subjects were asked to remain passive and to allow NMES to induce the movements. In all of them, the controller was able to perform the task, and a mean hand positioning error of less than five centimeters was achieved. The average total time duration for moving the hand from a rest position to a drinking cup, for moving the cup to the mouth and back, and for finally returning the arm to the rest position was 71 s.
Self-concept and Anxiety in Immigrant Children

In a longitudinal study of acculturation in Germany, a total sample (N 364) of immigrant and nonimmigrant elementary schoolchildren were tested in regard to achievement related personality variables, such as self-concept, anxiety, and peer relations. The participants belonged to one of four subgroups: (1) nonimmigrants from the Western region of Germany; (2) nonimmigrants from the Eastern region; (3) German-speaking immigrants from the former German Democratic Republic; and (4) immigrants with poor German language skills from the former USSR. Migration did not seem to lead to a global decrease of self-concept or to an increase of general anxiety. However, the immigrant children did differ in their self-concept in the German language and in test anxiety from the nonimmigrant children. The chosen parameters proved to be fairly stable over time in the German-speaking groups and in the immigrant group with poor German language skills, the self-concept was more stable with a longer stay in Germany. Overall, comparing the immigrants with the nonimmigrants: (a) an acceleration in the development of self-evaluations; and (b) an interruption in the gradual stabilisation of the personality became apparent.
The ancient heritage of water ice in the solar system

Nature or nurture for solar system ices? We know that life's favorite molecule, water, exists throughout the solar system. What we don't know is whether present water levels reflect the chemical conditions of our parent nebula or whether they result from later reprocessing in the young system. The levels of deuterium and hydrogen in solar system water ice offer a tracer for chemical history, and Cleeves et al. model the processes at play. The analysis suggests that all nascent planetary systems may have the same water resources that we did. Science, this issue p. 1590 A model tracing the path of deuterium in the solar system shows that its abundance hails from the parent interstellar medium. Identifying the source of Earth’s water is central to understanding the origins of life-fostering environments and to assessing the prevalence of such environments in space. Water throughout the solar system exhibits deuterium-to-hydrogen enrichments, a fossil relic of low-temperature, ion-derived chemistry within either (i) the parent molecular cloud or (ii) the solar nebula protoplanetary disk. Using a comprehensive treatment of disk ionization, we find that ion-driven deuterium pathways are inefficient, which curtails the disk’s deuterated water formation and its viability as the sole source for the solar system’s water. This finding implies that, if the solar system’s formation was typical, abundant interstellar ices are available to all nascent planetary systems.
The influence of verbal reward on intrinsic motivation in children.

Summary In a training phase, a group of second- (24 M and 24 F) and third-graders (24 M and 24 F) were assigned the task of finding objects hidden in pictures and given either no, low, or high verbal reward following the completion of each of two pictures. Thereafter, in a free time phase, the Ss were observed in terms of the length of time they devoted to additional instances of the hidden pictures task. Under the high verbal reward condition, the male S s devoted more free time to the task than the female S s (p < .03). Similar results were reported by other investigators in college students. The results were interpreted to suggest that high verbal reward enhances intrinsic motivation in male second- and third-graders and inhibits intrinsic motivation in female second- and third-graders.
Delinquent Development in a Sample of High-Risk Youth

The authors analyzed delinquent development from age 12 to 32 in 270 male offenders who underwent residential treatment for problematic behavior and delinquency in a Dutch juvenile justice institution. Stable personality and background characteristics were measured on admission. The development of offending was examined on the basis of conviction data from age 12 to 32, constituting an average 13-year follow-up after release. Trajectory analysis distinguished five groups of serious offenders. Using nonlinear canonical correlation analysis, these offending groups were characterized on personality, behavioral, and background characteristics. Although delinquent activity declined for most juveniles, two groups, high-frequency chronic offenders and late bloomers, showed nontrivial levels of serious criminality until their late 20s and early 30s. High-frequency chronic offenders were characterized mainly by a criminogenic social environment. Late bloomers combined psychopathology with risk-taking behavior and poor social skills. Examining the nature of the offenses committed within each trajectory revealed that late emerging offending became increasingly violent over time.
TICO: a tool for postprocessing the predictions of prokaryotic translation initiation sites

Exact localization of the translation initiation sites (TIS) in prokaryotic genomes is difficult to achieve using conventional gene finders. We recently introduced the program TICO for postprocessing TIS predictions based on a completely unsupervised learning algorithm. The program can be utilized through our web interface at and it is also freely available as a commandline version for Linux and Windows. The latest version of our program provides a tool for visualization of the resulting TIS model. Although the underlying method is not based on any specific assumptions about characteristic sequence features of prokaryotic TIS the prediction rates of our tool are competitive on experimentally verified test data.
Inherited human group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 deficiency abolishes platelet, endothelial, and leucocyte eicosanoid generation

Eicosanoids are important vascular regulators, but the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms supporting their production within the cardiovascular system are not fully understood. To address this, we have studied platelets, endothelial cells, and leukocytes from 2 siblings with a homozygous loss‐of‐function mutation in group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α). Chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to determine levels of a broad range of eicosanoids produced by isolated vascular cells, and in plasma and urine. Eicosanoid release data were paired with studies of cellular function. Absence of cPLA2α almost abolished eicosanoid synthesis in platelets (e.g., thromboxane A2, control 20.5 ±1.4 ng/ml vs. patient 0.1 ng/ml) and leukocytes [e.g., prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), control 21.9 ± 7.4 ng/ml vs. patient 1.9 ng/ml], and this was associated with impaired platelet activation and enhanced inflammatory responses. cPLA2α‐deficient endothelial cells showed reduced, but not absent, formation of prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin; control 956 ± 422 pg/ml vs. patient 196 pg/ml) and were primed for inflammation. In the urine, prostaglandin metabolites were selectively influenced by cPLA2α deficiency. For example, prostacyclin metabolites were strongly reduced (18.4% of control) in patients lacking cPLA2α, whereas PGE2 metabolites (77.8% of control) were similar to healthy volunteer levels. These studies constitute a definitive account, demonstrating the fundamental role of cPLA2α to eicosanoid formation and cellular responses within the human circulation. —Kirkby, N. S. , Reed, D. M. , Edin, M. L. , Rauzi, F. , Mataragka, S. , Vojnovic, I. , Bishop‐Bailey, D. , Milne, G. L. , Longhurst, H. , Zeldin, D. C. , Mitchell, J. A. , Warner, T. D. Inherited human group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 deficiency abolishes platelet, endothelial, and leucocyte eicosanoid generation. FASEB J. 29, 4568‐4578 (2015). www.fasebj. org
What Can Epidemiological Studies Tell Us about the Impact of Chemical Mixtures on Human Health?

Summary Humans are exposed to a large number of environmental chemicals: Some of these may be toxic, and many others have unknown or poorly characterized health effects. There is intense interest in determining the impact of exposure to environmental chemical mixtures on human health. As the study of mixtures continues to evolve in the field of environmental epidemiology, it is imperative that we understand the methodologic challenges of this research and the types of questions we can address using epidemiological data. In this article, we summarize some of the unique challenges in exposure assessment, statistical methods, and methodology that epidemiologists face in addressing chemical mixtures. We propose three broad questions that epidemiological studies can address: a) What are the potential health impacts of individual chemical agents? b) What is the interaction among agents? And c) what are the health effects of cumulative exposure to multiple agents? As the field of mixtures research grows, we can use these three questions as a basis for defining our research questions and for developing methods that will help us better understand the effect of chemical exposures on human disease and well-being.
EXISTENCE OF INTRA-COLONIAL PARALOGUES OF THE RIBOSOMAL INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) IMPEDES STUDIES OF INTRA-COLONIAL GENETIC VARIATION IN THE SCLERACTINIAN CORAL DIPLOASTREA HELIOPORA (LAMARK 1816)

The implications of intra-colonial genetic variation in corals are relevant to any research that treats within-colony fragments or tissue samples as genetically identical. We used the fast evolving internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene region to examine genetic structure among polyps within colonies of Diploastrea heliopora, a common and long-lived Indo-Pacific massive coral. Five polyps, ~ 40 cm apart, were removed from each of nine D. heliopora colonies found on three of Singapore's southern reefs. Based on initial coral sequences we designed ITS primers specific to D. heliopora, producing successful PCR reactions for DNA extracted from eight polyps. From these eight polyps, 43 good quality clonal sequences were obtained. Sequence variations, or paralogues, were observed in clones derived from individual polyps. A parsimony network using 30 non-truncated sequences showed that, even though there appeared to be some grouping of haplotypes in relation to natal reef, occasionally clones from the same polyp were more distantly related to each other than clones from colonies >10 km apart. The presence of high paralogue levels suggests that ITS is not suitable for studies of intra-colonial genetic variation for organisms such as corals where hybridization and other mechanisms may work against concerted evolution to homogenize the ITS sequences.
Joint Salvage for Pathologic Fracture of Giant Cell Tumor of the Lower Extremity

Pathologic fracture through giant cell tumor is thought to be associated with higher rates of recurrence and poor functional outcome. We compared patients with and without pathologic fracture through giant cell tumor of weightbearing long bones. We retrospectively reviewed 139 patients with giant cell tumor of weightbearing long bones with (n = 43) and without (n = 96) pathologic fracture at presentation; the two groups had similar demographics. Joint salvage was successful in 84% of the fracture group and 96% of the nonfracture group. Five-year recurrence-free survival rates were comparable between the two groups (82.6% [95% confidence interval, 69.1-95.9%] in the fracture group and 77.9% [95% confidence interval, 67.7-88.1%] in the non-fracture group). There was a trend toward lower 5-year metastatic-free survival in the fracture group (94.7% [95% confidence interval, 87.3-100%]) than in the nonfracture group (97.3% [95% confidence interval, 93.5-100%]). Functional outcome was good and similar in the two groups. Arthrofibrosis was more common in the group with pathologic fracture. Joint salvage for patients with pathologic fractures through giant cell tumor of weightbearing bones is a reasonable option with functional outcomes and recurrence rates comparable to those of patients without fracture.Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
GENETIC TRANSFORMATION AND HYBRIDIZATION

Genotypes of Nicotiana attenuata collected from Utah and Arizona were transformed with 17 different vectors (14 unpublished vectors based on 3 new backbone vectors) using an Agrobacterium-mediated procedure to functionally analyze genes important for plant–insect interactions. None of the 51 T1–T3 transgenic Utah lines analyzed by the flow cytometry were tetraploid, as opposed to 18 of 33 transgenic Arizona lines (55%). Analysis of T0 regenerants transformed with the same vector carrying an inverted repeat (IR) N. attenuata pro-systemin construct confirmed the genotype dependency of tetraploidization: none of the 23 transgenic Utah lines were tetraploid but 31 (72%) of 43 transgenic Arizonas were tetraploid. We tested the hypothesis that the differences in polysomaty of the explant tissues accounted for genotype dependency of tetraploid formation by measuring polysomaty levels in different seedling tissues. Hypocotyls, cotyledons, and roots of Utah and Arizona genotypes contained similar percentages of 4C nuclei (61 and 60; 7 and 5; and 58 and 61%, respectively). Since we used hypocotyls as explant sources and the nonoccurrence of tetraploid Utah transformants does not correspond to the high percentage of 4C nuclei in Utah hypocotyls, we can rule out a direct relationship between tetraploid formation and polysomaty level. We hypothesize that the difference between the Utah and Arizona genotypes results from the failure of polyploid Utah callus to regenerate into fully competent plants. We propose that future work on post-transformation polyploidy concentrate on the processes that occur during callus formation and plant regeneration from callus. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at http://dx.doi. org/10.1007/s00299-005-0111-4 Communicated by P. P. Kumar B. Bubner · K. Gase · B. Berger · D. Link · I. T. Baldwin ( ) Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Ökologie, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany e-mail: baldwin@ice.mpg. de Tel. : +49-3641-571101 Fax: +49-3641-571102
Synthetic Aperture Inversion for Statistically Nonstationary Target and Clutter Scenes

We introduce a class of nonstationary stochastic processes suitable for modeling nonstationary radar targets and clutter. This class of processes can be characterized by pseudodifferential operators driven by the Wiener process. We refer to these processes as pseudostationary processes and define a concept of space-varying spectral density function using the symbol of the underlying operators. We then derive an analytic filtered-backprojection- and backprojection-filtering-type formulas based on the minimum mean square error criterion for synthetic aperture image reconstruction. The inversion formulas depend on the space-varying spectral density function of target and clutter. We present an algorithm for the simultaneous estimation of target a priori information and reconstruction of SAR images. The algorithm is computationally efficient and can be implemented with the computational complexity of fast-backprojection algorithms. Extensive numerical simulations demonstrate the performance of the method.
The role of neighborhood and individual socioeconomic status in outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE To determine if neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is independently related to physical and mental health outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Data derived from the first 3 waves of the Lupus Outcomes Study, a telephone survey of 957 patients with confirmed SLE diagnoses, recruited from clinical and non-clinical sources. Residential addresses were geocoded to U.S. Census block groups. Outcome measures included the Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire (SLAQ) score, a self-reported assessment of SLE symptoms; the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Health Survey physical functioning score; and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) score of > or = 19 points. Multivariate analyses adjusted for race/ethnicity and other demographic and health-related covariates. RESULTS After adjustment, lower individual SES, measured by education, household income, or poverty status, was associated with all outcomes. In models that did not include individual SES, low neighborhood SES (> 30% of residents in poverty) was also associated with poor outcomes. After adjustment for individual SES, demographic, and health-related covariates, only CES-D > or = 19 remained associated with neighborhood SES: 47% [95% confidence interval (CI) 38-56%] versus 35% (95% CI 32-37%). CONCLUSION Individual SES is associated with physical and mental health outcomes in persons with SLE. Low neighborhood SES contributes independently to high levels of depressive symptoms. Future research should focus on mechanisms underlying these differences.
Object and space-based attentional selection in three-dimensional space

It has been previously demonstrated that visual attention has an extent in depth (3D space) as well as an extent in the fronto-parallel plane (2D space). Numerous experiments have also demonstrated that attention can be allocated to objects, and that “object-based” attention can overcome some of the costs associated with moving attention about in 2D space. In real visual environments, objects often have an extent in depth. Four experiments were conducted to examine the nature of object-based attention in 3D space. The experiments demonstrated large object-based attention benefits, as well as costs for switching attention in depth. However, the costs associated with switching attention in depth were eliminated with objects that had an extent in depth. Experiments 2-4 examined the interaction of spatial attention in 3D space and object-based attention. Evidence was found for the spread of spatial attention to objects. However, contrary to other work (Lavie & Driver, 1996), neither non-predictive exogenous spatial cues (Experiment 2) nor predictive exogenous spatial cues (Experiments 3 and 4) were able to eliminate object-based attention, suggesting that object-based attention can remain intact despite the allocation of attention spatially.