Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Context aware drivers' behaviour detection system for VANET

Wireless communications and mobile computing have led to the enhancement of, and improvement in, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) that focus on road safety applications. As a promising technology and a core component of ITS, Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (VANET) have emerged as an application of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET), which use Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) to allow vehicles in close proximity to communicate with one another, or to communicate with roadside equipment. These types of communication open up a wide range of potential safety and non-safety applications, with the aim of providing an intelligent driving environment that will offer road users more pleasant journeys. VANET safety applications are considered to represent a vital step towards improving road safety and enhancing traffic efficiency, as a consequence of their capacity to share information about the road between moving vehicles. This results in decreasing numbers of accidents and increasing the opportunity to save people’s lives. Many researchers from different disciplines have focused their research on the development of vehicle safety applications. Designing an accurate and efficient driver behaviour detection system that can detect the abnormal behaviours exhibited by drivers (i.e. drunkenness and fatigue) and alert them may have an impact on the prevention of road accidents. Moreover, using Context-aware systems in vehicles can improve the driving by collecting and analysing contextual information about
Compact 2-pole and 4-Pole 1.5–0.9 GHz constant absolute bandwidth tunable filters

Compact 2-pole and 4-pole tunable filters have been developed to cover the 0.9–1.5 GHz bandwidth. The proposed filters are based on a mixed coupling to ensure a near constant absolute bandwidth during tuning operation. They are fabricated on a duroid substrate (εr=3.2) and tuned using varactor diodes. The 2-pole and 4-pole filters respectively result in a 60 +/−9 MHz and a 74 +/− 15 MHz 3-dB absolute bandwidth on a wide tuning range (> 40 %).
Efficiency and applications of SAT-based test pattern generation: complex fault models and optimisation problems

Modern technologies have enabled the semiconductor industry to enter a new era of integrated-circuit manufacturing. Modern ICs are not only smaller and signi cantly more high-performing than they used to be only a few years ago; they are also considerably more energy-e cient thanks to the use of new materials with convenient electric properties. However, the use of new materials is also making the fabrication process more di cult to control, and the new chips are more prone to defects. In consequence, the role of fault models that allow to describe complex forms of faulty behaviour is becoming increasingly important in hardware test and diagnosis. Without doubt, automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) is the most important test task. ATPG algorithms need to be not only run-time-e cient and to produce compact test sets, given the large number of faults that need to be targeted in multibillion-transistor ICs; they also need to keep pace with the development of new mechanisms for the description of faulty behaviour. Traditionally, ATPG algorithms used in industrial applications are structural, i.e. their reasoning is based on the circuit’s structure. However, SAT-based algorithms, i.e. methods that map the ATPG problem to the problem of Boolean satis ability (SAT), have recently started to gain relevance because they perform better than structural methods on important classes of faults. is doctoral thesis covers the work on SAT-based test pattern generation performed by the thesis’s author between 2008 and 2012. It presents the SAT-based ATPG tool Tiguan and explains in detail all important aspects that were considered in order to make Tiguan a highly e cient test pattern generator capable of calculating provably optimal solutions for complex ATPG problems. e most important contributions of the work presented in this thesis can be summarised as follows: ▸ e general run-time e ciency of SAT-based ATPG was increased through intelligent mapping of the ATPG problem to SAT, through the optimal utilisa-
Transduction pathways of GH in ovine mammary acini involving regulated and functional growth hormone receptors

We have investigated the localization and regulation of growth hormone (GH) receptor-related proteins in the ovine mammary gland. Using a new rabbit polyclonal antibody (7122A) directed against the recombinant extracellular domain of GH receptor (GHR-ECD) for western blot assays, we found two bands with apparent molecular weights of 70,000 and 50–60,000 Da in ovine mammary gland solubilized proteins. The 70,000-protein was consistent with a membrane GH receptor form deprived of post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, glycosylation or ubiquitin binding. The 50–60,000 Da was consistent with soluble GH binding protein, generated by the cleavage of membrane GH receptor. The intensity of related GHR proteins increased slightly throughout mammary gland development and was correlated with the amount of GHR immunoreactivity observed in the mammary gland sections. Moreover, a temporal and spatial regulation of GHR immunoreactivity was found in alveolar epithelial cells. Clearly, marked GHR immunoreactivity was associated with the apical membranes of alveolar epithelial cells at lactation. The up-regulation of related GHR proteins during the differentiation of mammary tissue supports the hypothesis that GH may act specifically via its own receptors. In ovine mammary cells, GH was able to promote a time-dependent activation of MAP kinases such as prolactin (Prl) and placental lactogen (PL). GH was also able to promote slight and transient Stat5 DNA-binding activity. Differences in the time dependence of Stat5 DNA-binding activation by the three different ligands, GH, Prl and PL, were found. All these results emphasize the direct action of GH on ovine mammary cells and highlight the specificity of action of this ligand.
A 512kB Embedded Phase Change Memory with 416kB/s Write Throughput at 100μA Cell Write Current

An experimental 512kB embedded PCM uses a current-saving architecture in a 0. 13μm 1.5V CMOS. The write scheme features a low-write-current resistive device and achieves 416kB/s write-throughput at 100muA cell current. A charge-transfer direct-sense scheme has a 16b parallel read access time of 9.9ns in an array drawing 280μA. A standby voltage scheme suppresses leakage current in the cell current path and increases the measured PCM cell resistance from 3 to 33MΩ.
Coxsackievirus B3 vaccines: use as an expression vector for prevention of myocarditis

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a member of the Picornaviridae family, is considered to be one of the most important infectious agents to cause virus-induced myocarditis. Despite improvements in studying virus pathology, structure and molecular biology, as well as the diagnosis of this disease, there is still no virus-specific drug or vaccine in clinical use. During the last 20 years many investigations have been performed to develop classic and modern immunization techniques against CVB3-induced heart disease. One promising approach among others includes the insertion of coding sequences of cytokines into the viral genome. The application of an IFN-γ-expressing recombinant coxsackievirus vector is especially efficient against CVB3-induced myocarditis. Beside direct IFN-γ-mediated antiviral effects, the local and simultaneous expression of IFN-γ by the virus itself activates the immune system in a strong and long-lasting manner, which protects animals completely against subsequent lethal infections independently of the age of the immunized individual and the route of vaccine administration.
Evidence for the involvement of a cytoplasmic factor in the aging of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The life spans of individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were determined microscopically by counting the number of buds produced by each cell to provide a measure of the number of cell generations (age) before death. As the cells aged, their generation times increased five- to sixfold. The generation times of daughter cells were virtually identical to those of their mothers throughout the life spans of the mothers. However, within two to three cell divisions after the daughters were detached from their mothers by micromanipulation, their generation times reverted to that characteristic of their own age. Recovery from the mother cell effect was also observed when the daughters were left attached to their mothers. The results suggest that senescence, as manifested by the increase in generation time, is a phenotypically dominant feature in yeast cells and that it is determined by a diffusible cytoplasmic factor(s) that undergoes turnover. This factor(s) appeared to be transmitted by a cell not only to its daughter, but also indirectly to its granddaughter. In separate studies, it was determined that the induced deposition of chitin, the major component of the bud scar, in the yeast cell wall had no appreciable effect on life span. We raise the possibility that the cytoplasmic factor(s) that appears to mediate the "senescent phenotype" is a major determinant of yeast life span. This factor(s) may be the product of age-specific gene expression.
The Feline Thyroid Gland: A Model for Endocrine Disruption by Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)?

The role of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) was investigated in the occurrence of feline hyperthyroidism (FH) by evaluating 15 PBDE congeners in serum from 62 client-owned (21 euthyroid, 41 hyperthyroid) and 10 feral cats. Total serum PBDE concentrations in euthyroid cats were not significantly different from those of hyperthyroid cats. Total serum PBDE in feral cats were significantly lower than in either of the groups of client-owned cats. Total serum PBDE did not correlate with serum total T4 concentration. Ten samples of commercial canned cat food and 19 dust samples from homes of client-owned cats were analyzed. Total PBDE in canned cat food ranged from 0.42 to 3.1 ng/g, and total PBDE in dust from 510 to 95,000 ng/g. Total PBDE in dust from homes of euthyroid cats ranged from 510 to 4900 ng/g. In dust from homes of hyperthyroid cats, total PBDE concentrations were significantly higher, ranging from 1100 to 95,000 ng/g. Dust PBDE and serum total T4 concentration were also significantly correlated. Estimates of PBDE exposures calculated from canned cat food and dust data suggest that domestic cats are primarily exposed through ingestion of household dust. These findings indicate further study of the role of PBDE is needed in the development of FH, which might identify the cat as a model and sentinel for humans with toxic nodular goiter (TNG).
Morphometric study of left coronary artery trunk in adult human cadavers: a study on the eastern region population.

INTRODUCTION The left coronary artery shows a wide range of morphological variations which has great clinical importance. Difficulties may occur during performance of diagnostic procedures, especially in patients who undergo evaluation of percutaneous coronary interventions or during coronary artery surgeries or prosthetic valve replacements. Even, it has been found that short length of main left coronary artery was one of the congenital factors which predisposed to the development of coronary artery disease. The aim of this work was to determine the variations in the origin, length and divisions of the left coronary artery trunk in the eastern region population of India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was carried out on 100 heart samples which were collected from a mixed race population group from West Bengal, India, after preserving them in 10% formalin solution. While carefully maintaining all standard precautions, scientifically well-planned cadaveric dissections were done and variations were noted. RESULTS It was found that in all specimens, left coronary artery arose from single ostia at the left posterior aortic sinus. In about 65% cases, ostia was below or at the sinotubular junction (STJ) and in a significant number (35%) of cases, it is above the level of STJ. The mean length of the left coronary artery trunk was found to be 11.42 ± 4.98 mm. LMCA were bifurcated in 56% cases, they were trifurcated in 40% cases and they were tetrafurcated in 2% cases. The results were compared with those of other studies, which showed considerable variations. CONCLUSION Thus, this morphometric study done on left coronary artery trunk in the eastern Indian population will be helpful for interventional cardiologists and radiologists for avoiding inadvertent vascular trauma during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
The Global Epidemiology of Hereditary Ataxia and Spastic Paraplegia: A Systematic Review of Prevalence Studies

Background: Hereditary cerebellar ataxias (HCA) and hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are two groups of neurodegenerative disorders that usually present with progressive gait impairment, often leading to permanent disability. Advances in genetic research in the last decades have improved their diagnosis and brought new possibilities for prevention and future treatments. Still, there is great uncertainty regarding their global epidemiology. Summary: Our objective was to assess the global distribution and prevalence of HCA and HSP by a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies. The MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched (1983-2013) for studies performed in well-defined populations and geographical regions. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies and extracted data and predefined methodological parameters. Overall, 22 studies were included, reporting on 14,539 patients from 16 countries. Multisource population-based studies yielded higher prevalence values than studies based primarily on hospitals or genetic centres. The prevalence range of dominant HCA was 0.0-5.6/105, with an average of 2.7/105 (1.5-4.0/105). Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3)/Machado-Joseph disease was the most common dominant ataxia, followed by SCA2 and SCA6. The autosomal recessive (AR) HCA (AR-HCA) prevalence range was 0.0-7.2/105, the average being 3.3/105 (1.8-4.9/105). Friedreich ataxia was the most frequent AR-HCA, followed by ataxia with oculomotor apraxia or ataxia-telangiectasia. The prevalence of autosomal dominant (AD) HSP (AD-HSP) ranged from 0.5 to 5.5/105 and that of AR-HSP from 0.0 to 5.3/105, with pooled averages of 1.8/105 (95% CI: 1.0-2.7/105) and 1.8/105 (95% CI: 1.0-2.6/105), respectively. The most common AD-HSP form in every population was spastic paraplegia, autosomal dominant, type 4 (SPG4), followed by SPG3A, while SPG11 was the most frequent AR-HSP, followed by SPG15. In population-based studies, the number of families without genetic diagnosis after systematic testing ranged from 33 to 92% in the AD-HCA group, and was 40-46% in the AR-HCA, 45-67% in the AD-HSP and 71-82% in the AR-HSP groups. Key Messages: Highly variable prevalence values for HCA and HSP are reported across the world. This variation reflects the different genetic make-up of the populations, but also methodological heterogeneity. Large areas of the world remain without prevalence studies. From the available data, we estimated that around 1:10,000 people are affected by HCA or HSP. In spite of advances in genetic research, most families in population-based series remain without identified genetic mutation after extensive testing.
Implementation of Anomaly Detection Technique Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Data mining techniques make it possible to search large amounts of data for characteristic rules and patterns. If applied to network monitoring data recorded on a host or in a network, they can be used to detect intrusions, attacks and/or anomalies. In this paper, we present "machine learning" a method to cascade K-means clustering and the Id3 decision tree learning methods to classifying anomalous and normal activities in a computer network. The K-means clustering method first partitions the training instances into two clusters using Euclidean distance similarity. On each cluster, representing a density region of normal or anomaly instances, we build an ID3 decision tree. The decision tree on each cluster refines the decision boundaries by learning the subgroups within the cluster. Our work studies the best algorithm by using classifying anomalous and normal activities in a computer networks with supervised & unsupervised algorithms that have not been used before. We analyses the algorithm that have the best efficiency or the best learning and describes the proposed system of K-means&ID3 Decision Tree.
Methodology for fault grading high speed I/O interfaces used in complex Graphics Processing Unit

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) requires I/O bandwidth of the order of Gbps which can be met by implementation of High Speed Serializer/Deserializer differential I/Os with clock embedded in data stream, traditionally tested using functional Built In Self Test (BIST). Implementation of these I/Os on complex graphics chip poses requirement for fault grading these I/Os. This paper presents the challenges involved in fault grading SerDes I/Os used in Nvidia's GPU chips and proposes methodology for extracting fault coverage numbers using industry standard tools.
Anxiety Sensitivity and Negative Urgency: A Pathway to Negative Reinforcement-Related Smoking Expectancies

Objectives:Anxiety sensitivity—fear of anxiety symptoms—may increase motivation to smoke by influencing the development of cognitive expectations regarding smoking's negative reinforcing effects; yet, the nature and mechanisms of this pathway are unclear. We hypothesized that relations between anxiety sensitivity and negative reinforcement-related smoking expectancies would be mediated by negative urgency, that is, a trait tendency to act impulsively during negative affect. Methods:In a cross-sectional design, we administered self-report measures of anxiety sensitivity, negative urgency, and negative reinforcement-related smoking outcome and abstinence expectancies to 205 smokers (≥10 cigarettes/d, 34% female, M age = 44.4 years). Results:Anxiety sensitivity was associated with stronger expectancies that smoking alleviates negative affect (&bgr; = 0.30; P < 0.0001) and smoking abstinence exacerbates aversive withdrawal symptoms (&bgr; = 0.24; P = 0.0004). Negative urgency partially mediated the relation between anxiety sensitivity and both types of negative reinforcement-related smoking expectancies (&bgr;s ≥ 0.057; Ps ⩽ 0.007). Results remained significant after statistically controlling for anxiety and nicotine dependence symptoms. Conclusions:Smokers high in anxiety sensitivity tend to display negative urgency, which in turn is related to greater expectations of negative reinforcement consequences of smoking and smoking abstinence. Treatments that mitigate fear of anxiety symptoms and the tendency to act impulsively in response to negative affect (eg, interoceptive exposure, distress tolerance skills training, and mindfulness training) may be particularly useful in assisting with smoking cessation for high-anxiety sensitivity smokers.
Australia’s economic transition, unemployment, suicide and mental health needs

Objective: There have been substantial changes in workforce and employment patterns in Australia over the past 50 years as a result of economic globalisation. This has resulted in substantial reduction in employment in the manufacturing industry often with large-scale job losses in concentrated sectors and communities. Large-scale job loss events receive significant community attention. To what extent these mass unemployment events contribute to increased psychological distress, mental illness and suicide in affected individuals warrants further consideration. Methods: Here we undertake a narrative review of published job loss literature. We discuss the impact that large-scale job loss events in the manufacturing sector may have on population mental health, with particular reference to contemporary trends in the Australian economy. We also provide a commentary on the expected outcomes of future job loss events in this context and the implications for Australian public mental health care services. Results and conclusion: Job loss due to plant closure results in a doubling of psychological distress that peaks 9 months following the unemployment event. The link between job loss and increased rates of mental illness and suicide is less clear. The threat of impending job loss and the social context in which job loss occurs has a significant bearing on psychological outcomes. The implications for Australian public mental health services are discussed.
Genetic diversity of on-farm selected olive trees in Moroccan traditional olive orchards

Selecting desired agronomic traits may lead to a loss of genetic diversity in crop species. A molecular investigation was conducted to determine how well a set of olive (Olea europaea L.) accessions sampled in Moroccan traditional orchards represented the entire Moroccan olive diversity range. We therefore collected, in traditional agroecosystems from northern and central Morocco, a total of 88 olive trees chosen for their agronomic traits based on local farmers' knowledge. Using 12 SSR loci, 45 trees (51.1%) had a genotype identical to the ‘Picholine Marocaine’ variety, while the remaining samples were classified into 27 different SSR profiles. Two categories of genotypes were identified: (i) genotypes closely related to the ‘Picholine Marocaine’ variety and probably resulting from intensive vegetative propagation from a limited number of clones, and (ii) genotypes displaying a high number of dissimilar alleles which may have originated from selected spontaneous seedlings. A significant difference in allelic richness was revealed between the 28 on-farm selected genotypes and the overall olive diversity, represented by 57 local genotypes, indicating that the on-farm selected trees represented a subsample of Moroccan genetic diversity. This could be explained by the prevalence of ‘Picholine Marocaine’ in traditional orchards, while some original genotypes with favourable agronomic traits resulting from local farmers' selection were also identified. Applying an ethnobotany approach combined with criteria to fulfil farmers' household needs could be particularly relevant and better explain the obtained results.