Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the streaming complexity of computing local clustering coefficients

Due to a large number of applications, the problem of estimating the number of triangles in graphs revealed as a stream of edges, and the closely related problem of estimating the graph's clustering coefficient, have received considerable attention in the last decade. Both efficient algorithms and impossibility results have shed light on the computational complexity of the problem. Motivated by applications in Web mining, Becchetti et al.~presented new algorithms for the estimation of the local number of triangles, i.e., the number of triangles incident to individual vertices. The algorithms are shown, both theoretically and experimentally, to efficiently handle the problem. However, at least two passes over the data are needed and thus the algorithms are not suitable for real streaming scenarios. In the present work, we consider the problem of estimating the clustering coefficient of individual vertices in a graph over n vertices revealed as a stream of m edges. As a first result we show that any one pass randomized streaming algorithm that can distinguish a graph with no triangles from a graph having a vertex of degree d with clustering coefficient > 1/2 must use Ω(m/d) bits of space in expectation. Our second result is a new randomized one pass algorithm estimating the local clustering coefficient of each vertex with degree at least d. The space requirement of our algorithm is within a logarithmic factor of the lower bound, thus our approach is close to optimal. We also extend the algorithm to local triangle counting and report experimental results on its performance on real-life graphs.
Cell Division Site Placement and Asymmetric Growth in Mycobacteria

Mycobacteria are members of the actinomycetes that grow by tip extension and lack apparent homologues of the known cell division regulators found in other rod-shaped bacteria. Previous work using static microscopy on dividing mycobacteria led to the hypothesis that these cells can grow and divide asymmetrically, and at a wide range of sizes, in contrast to the cell growth and division patterns observed in the model rod-shaped organisms. In this study, we test this hypothesis using live-cell time-lapse imaging of dividing Mycobacterium smegmatis labelled with fluorescent PBP1a, to probe peptidoglycan synthesis and label the cell septum. We demonstrate that the new septum is placed accurately at mid-cell, and that the asymmetric division observed is a result of differential growth from the cell tips, with a more than 2-fold difference in growth rate between fast and slow growing poles. We also show that the division site is not selected at a characteristic cell length, suggesting this is not an important cue during the mycobacterial cell cycle.
Expression of VP7, a Bluetongue Virus Group Specific Antigen by Viral Vectors: Analysis of the Induced Immune Responses and Evaluation of Protective Potential in Sheep

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an economically important Orbivirus transmitted by biting midges to domestic and wild ruminants. The need for new vaccines has been highlighted by the occurrence of repeated outbreaks caused by different BTV serotypes since 1998. The major group-reactive antigen of BTV, VP7, is conserved in the 26 serotypes described so far, and its role in the induction of protective immunity has been proposed. Viral-based vectors as antigen delivery systems display considerable promise as veterinary vaccine candidates. In this paper we have evaluated the capacity of the BTV-2 serotype VP7 core protein expressed by either a non-replicative canine adenovirus type 2 (Cav-VP7 R0) or a leporipoxvirus (SG33-VP7), to induce immune responses in sheep. Humoral responses were elicited against VP7 in almost all animals that received the recombinant vectors. Both Cav-VP7 R0 and SG33-VP7 stimulated an antigen-specific CD4+ response and Cav-VP7 R0 stimulated substantial proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ lymphocytes. Encouraged by the results obtained with the Cav-VP7 R0 vaccine vector, immunized animals were challenged with either the homologous BTV-2 or the heterologous BTV-8 serotype and viral burden in plasma was followed by real-time RT-PCR. The immune responses triggered by Cav-VP7 R0 were insufficient to afford protective immunity against BTV infection, despite partial protection obtained against homologous challenge. This work underscores the need to further characterize the role of BTV proteins in cross-protective immunity.
Comparison of Several Demodulation Algorithms about Hierarchical Modulation in Broadcast Communications

Using hierarchical modulation technology is very prevalence in existing digital broadcast system, such as satellite TV. A video source can be split into two streams, one stream is called basic stream, the other is called enhance stream. The basic stream contains high-priority information, it can offer basic visual effect, while the enhance stream contains low-priority information, it can make the visual effect much better. So the hierarchical modulation (superposition coding) consists of a basic constellation and a enhance constellation, but the fact is that basic constellation and enhance constellation will be to influence each other. Analysis will be performed to find an optimum hierarchical modulation's demodulation algorithm so as to keep the mutual influence to the minimum and let almost receivers can get good reception in larger coverage.
Genome Wide Analysis Reveals Strong Correlation between CpG Islands and Tissue-Specificity

Vertebrate genomes contain GC-rich or poor compartments, called isochores, It has been reported that heavy isochores (GC-rich) contain housekeeping genes while light ischores (GC-rich) have tissuespecific genes [1]. On the other hand, it was mentioned oppositely that there was no correlation between GC contents and tissue specificity [4, 5]. One of the major reasons for this conflicting idea is probably caused by the inaccurate information of transcription start site (TSS) in each gene. Recently, we constructed DBTSS: DataBase of Transcription Start Sites [6]. In this database, the clones which were constructed by the oligo-capping method show TSSs of a gene with high accuracy. Here we used data in DBTSS to determine precise TSSs and studied correlation between CpG islands and tissue-specificity using them.
The Political Nature of Community College Trusteeship.

This survey, conducted by the Association of Community College Trustees, investigated the political aspects of community college trusteeship, focusing on elected and appointed trustees' political involvement, interactions, influences, and relationship to the political structure and parties in the states_where they served as trustees. A total of 5,204 surveys were mailed to trustees on local governing boards--3,180 surveys were mailed to appointed trustees and 1,852 surveys to elected trustees. The response rate to the survey was 36W (1,901 respondents) . The survey results revealed some small differences between elected and appointed trustees as well as among trustees with different demographic characteristics. Trustees who were more involved in political parties, younger, female, and had fewer years of service on the board tended to have a higher political activity or a more 'activist" approach. Elected trustees also reported being somewhat more interested than appointed trustees in future political offices. Despite these small differences, the study found that, overall, community college trustees were strongly motivated to provide service to their communities. They tended to have track records of prior community leadership and they felt most accountable to the citizens of the college region and to the current students at the colleges. (GC) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. The Political Nature of Community College Trusteeship By Cindra Smith Bill Pi land George Boggs PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Simulation of Ultrasound Radio-Frequency Signals in Deformed Tissue for Validation of 2D Motion Estimation with Sub-Sample Accuracy

Motion estimation in sequences of ultrasound echo signals is essential for a wide range of applications. In time domain cross correlation, which is a common motion estimation technique, the displacements are typically not integral multiples of the sampling period. Therefore, to estimate the motion with sub-sample accuracy, 1D and 2D interpolation methods such as parabolic, cosine, and ellipsoid fitting have been introduced in the literature. In this paper, a simulation framework is presented in order to compare the performance of currently available techniques. First, the tissue deformation is modeled using the finite element method (FEM) and then the corresponding pre-/post-deformation radio-frequency (RF) signals are generated using Field II ultrasound simulation software. Using these simulated RF data of deformation, both axial and lateral tissue motion are estimated with sub-sample accuracy. The estimated displacements are then evaluated by comparing them to the known displacements computed by the FEM. This simulation approach was used to evaluate three different lateral motion estimation techniques employing (i) two separate 1D sub-sampling, (ii) two consecutive 1D sub-sampling, and (Hi) 2D joint sub-sampling estimators. The estimation errors during two different tissue compression tests are presented with and without spatial filtering. Results show that RF signal processing methods involving tissue deformation can be evaluated using the proposed simulation technique, which employs accurate models.
Performance Measurement for Entrepreneurial University

The traditional, Humboldtian type of the University faces serious criticism. Main weaknesses of such concept includes outdated governance style with fragmented structure and management, insulated, extensive state dependency, overregulated legal status, heavily underfunded budget; uniformity and egalitarianism confronted with strong hierarchical human resource structure.The answer of the European Commission to those weaknesses is the Modernization concept with a goal of transformation from Humboldtian towards Entrepreneurial University. Modernization concept is the policy promoting three main reforms. First of them is under way for some time now. It consists of radical curricular reform symbolized with the Bologna Process.The second is the governance reform. It promotes transformation from the traditional, Humboldt type of the university towards new, entrepreneurial concept of the university. The governance reform is essential for new challenges formulated for university system.The implementation of the entrepreneurial concept of the university is impossible with current funding system. The funding reform is designed to enable change from input oriented towards output oriented budgeting. The latter needs adequate measurement system of the output in all three activity fields. Only research has more or less functioning assessment indicators. The education and third mission results indicators need to be designed.In the article, the discussion of concept and some possible solutions of performance measurement of the efficiency and effectiveness in the education system is given. Special attention is concentrated on rate of return measurement in education, in the first place in the tertiary education.
The infinite dimensional restricted invertibility theorem

The 1987 Bourgain-Tzafriri Restricted Invertibility Theorem is one of the most celebrated theorems in analysis. At the time of their work, the authors raised the question of a possible infinite dimensional version of the theorem. In this paper, we will give a quite general definition of restricted invertibility for operators on infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces based on the notion of density from frame theory. We then prove that localized Bessel systems have large subsets which are Riesz basic sequences. As a consequence, we prove the strongest possible form of the infinite dimensional restricted invertibility theorem for ℓ1-localized operators and for Gabor frames with generating function in the Feichtinger Algebra. For our calculations, we introduce a new notion of density which has serious advantages over the standard form because it is independent of index maps-and hence has much broader application. We then show that in the setting of the restricted invertibility theorem, this new density becomes equivalent to the standard density.
Final Report Advanced Applications of Person-based GPS in an Urban Environment

Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the UTRC or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. Traditional travel surveys provide essential information on travel patterns, but are time-consuming, expensive, and have seen declining rates of participation. Recently global positioning systems (GPS) technologies have been introduced to facilitate the data collection process. While GPS traces can provide accurate information on the location and time of travel, these traces do not contain explicit information on the mode used (e.g., walking, biking, transit or auto). Strategies under consideration for determining the mode, using the GPS trace data, have not been systematically investigated with respect to the needs of practitioners. A review of mode identification strategies reveals a mixed set of results from the three primary methods currently in use. These methods are rule-based, neural networks, and fuzzy logic. This research evaluates these three methods to determine their effectiveness for mode detection, their ease-of-application, and their overall performance. In order to move the concept of using GPS trace data as a substitute for traditional or modified travel surveys-moving from small sample feasibility studies to agency-level implementation-there needs to be sufficient evidence that GPS trace data can be handled with ease, and that the promise of reduced responden t and processing burden can be realized.
Nephrocystin-1 and nephrocystin-4 are required for epithelial morphogenesis and associate with PALS1/PATJ and Par6

Nephronophthisis (NPH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by renal fibrosis, tubular basement membrane disruption and corticomedullary cyst formation leading to end-stage renal failure. The disease is caused by mutations in NPHP1-9 genes, which encode the nephrocystins, proteins localized to cell–cell junctions and centrosome/primary cilia. Here, we show that nephrocystin mRNA expression is dramatically increased during cell polarization, and shRNA-mediated knockdown of either NPHP1 or NPHP4 in MDCK cells resulted in delayed tight junction (TJ) formation, abnormal cilia formation and disorganized multi-lumen structures when grown in a three-dimensional collagen matrix. Some of these phenotypes are similar to those reported for cells depleted of the TJ proteins PALS1 or Par3, and interestingly, we demonstrate a physical interaction between these nephrocystins and PALS1 as well as their partners PATJ and Par6 and show their partial co-localization in human renal tubules. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the nephrocystins play an essential role in epithelial cell organization, suggesting a plausible mechanism by which the in vivo histopathologic features of NPH might develop.
Spatial cognition and emotion recognition as a function of ASD

Past research shows that although autism has among its particularities a tendency for lower results on cognitive tasks, especially on the executive functioning skills, people with ASD perform equally well, and sometimes even better than controls on tasks for visuo-spatial cognition. However, there is also evidence suggesting that people on the spectrum might have an impaired emotion recognition mechanism. In addition, there is research on spatial cognition and affect, looking at how emotions provoked by stimuli can change the way in which we perceive the space. In the current study, we will look at spatial cognition and emotion recognition as a function of ASD.
Synergy and Antagonism in Online Advertising

An advertising campaign is usually composed of a series of coordinated advertisements, with various formats and delivered through different media channels. Several existing studies have attempted to measure the individual contribution of related advertisements in a campaign, resulting in rule-based and data-driven multi-touch attribution models. However, most of these models ignored the interaction among different advertisements. We here specifically consider the synergy and antagonism interaction among advertisements and propose a data-driven model. With the interaction, the influence of different advertisements is no longer linearly additive. We choose a vector representation for the influence of an individual advertisement, which can easily model the synergy and antagonism interactions. We validate the proposed method with a real-world dataset and show that antagonism is prevalent among advertisements while synergy rarely appears. In addition, our method leads to more accurate purchase predictions.
Supporting large-scale end user specification of workflows, work coordination and tool integration

Workflow Management Systems are a common example of an end user development system, in that they support end user specification of work process models, end user enactment (running) of these models, and end user evolution of workflows. Example applications of Workflow Management Systems include office automation, software process modelling and business process codification. We describe a novel workflow system which provides visual support for end users to specify both simple and complex aspects of workflows, including workflow models, communication and collaboration techniques, and the tools used to perform work. We illustrate both the utility of these work coordination mechanisms and the degree of scalability they provide for both novice and experienced end users. We also outline the architecture of our system, our experiences with this workflow tool, and future research directions in this area.
ncFANs: a web server for functional annotation of long non-coding RNAs

Recent interest in the non-coding transcriptome has resulted in the identification of large numbers of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mammalian genomes, most of which have not been functionally characterized. Computational exploration of the potential functions of these lncRNAs will therefore facilitate further work in this field of research. We have developed a practical and user-friendly web interface called ncFANs (non-coding RNA Function ANnotation server), which is the first web service for functional annotation of human and mouse lncRNAs. On the basis of the re-annotated Affymetrix microarray data, ncFANs provides two alternative strategies for lncRNA functional annotation: one utilizing three aspects of a coding-non-coding gene co-expression (CNC) network, the other identifying condition-related differentially expressed lncRNAs. ncFANs introduces a highly efficient way of re-using the abundant pre-existing microarray data. The present version of ncFANs includes re-annotated CDF files for 10 human and mouse Affymetrix microarrays, and the server will be continuously updated with more re-annotated microarray platforms and lncRNA data. ncFANs is freely accessible at http://www.ebiomed. org/ncFANs/ or http://www.noncode. org/ncFANs/.
Numerical modelling of positive surface streamer in air

The development of a positive surface streamer in air at atmospheric pressure is numerically modelled by solving the coupled continuity and Poisson's equations. The geometry includes a 100 ¿m radius of curvature needle setting perpendicular to a 1 mm thick insulator. The continuity equations are accurately solved for using the 1-D finite-volume flux-corrected-transport (FV-FCT) algorithm while Poisson's equation is analysed using a simplified version of the disc method. Results obtained show the propagation of the streamer with time and distance together with the distributions of electrons, positive and negative ions. The computed streamer velocity and propagation length are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Estimates of the reproduction numbers of Spanish influenza using morbidity data.

BACKGROUND There have been several studies of the transmissibility of the 1918 (Spanish) influenza virus, which has attributed to >20 million deaths. Many of the analyses to date have involved fitting predictions from a transmission model to the observed epidemic curves from different settings. METHODS Using morbidity data from cities in Europe and America and from confined settings during the 1918 influenza pandemic, we contrast the use of several different methods based on the growth rate and final size of the epidemic, which do not rely on transmission models, to estimate the effective and basic reproduction numbers. RESULTS The effective reproduction number (the average number of secondary infectious cases produced by a typical infectious case in a given population) for the 1918 influenza virus was in the range 1.2-3.0 and 2.1-7.5 for community-based and confined settings, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Assuming further that 30 and 50% of individuals were immune to Spanish influenza after the wave in April 1918 and the first subsequent wave, respectively, these findings imply that, in a totally susceptible population, an infectious case could have led to 2.4-4.3 and 2.6-10.6 cases in community-based and confined settings, respectively. These findings for community-based populations confirm the relatively low transmissibility of the 1918 (Spanish) influenza virus, which has been found by other studies using alternative data sources and methods.
The ARCH-in-Mean Dose Work: Out-of-Sample Predictability of US Stock Market

The predictability of stock market is of great interest to both reseachers and investors. Despite voluminous evidence of in-sample predictability, the out-of-sample predictability of stock returns remains an ongoing debate. In this paper, motivated by both the financial theories and the well documented facts in financial empirical literature, we employ the ARCH-in-Mean model as a benchmark to scrutinize the out-of-sample predictability of the US stock market returns. Empirical studies performed on the SP 2) the predictability of US stock returns can be traced back to both time-varying risk premia and investors’ underraction to bad news and overreaction to extremely bad news.