Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The sorting of radar pulse signal based on plane transformation

Pulse repetition interval (PRI) is an important parameter in radar signal sorting. In this paper plane transformation technique is applied to radar signal sorting. Firstly we derive the plane transformation characteristic curve of a periodic signal, followed by an improved extraction algorithm. Simulation results show that the extraction algorithm transforms the characteristic curve correctly after automatic detection. This method can be applied to the fixed PRI, mixed PRI and random jitter PRI pulse train.
Putative New Lineage of West Nile Virus, Spain

To ascertain the presence of West Nile virus (WNV), we sampled mosquitoes in 2006 in locations in southern Spain where humans had been infected. WNV genomic RNA was detected in 1 pool from unfed female Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this sequence cannot be assigned to previously described lineages of WNV.
The Slowly Expanding Envelope of CRL 618 Probed with HC3N Rotational Ladders

Lines from HC3N and isotopic substituted species in ground and vibrationally excited states produce crowded millimeter and submillimeter wave spectra in the C-rich protoplanetary nebula CRL 618. The complete sequence of HC3N rotational lines from J = 9-8 to J = 30-29 has been observed with the IRAM 30 m telescope toward this object. Lines from a total of 15 different vibrational states (including the fundamental), with energies up to 1100 cm-1, have been detected for the main HC3N isotopomer. In addition, the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory telescope has been used to complement this study in the range J = 31-30 to J = 39-38, with detections in five of these states, all of them below 700 cm-1. Only the rotational lines of HC3N in its ground vibrational state display evidence of the well-known CRL 618 high-velocity outflow. Vibrationally excited HC3N rotational lines exhibit P Cygni profiles at 3 mm, evolving to pure emission line shapes at shorter wavelengths. This evolution of the line profile shows little dependence on the vibrational state from which the rotational lines arise. The absorption features are formed against the continuum emission, which has been successfully characterized in this work as a result of the large frequency coverage. The fluxes range from 1.75 to 3.4 Jy in the frequency range 90-240 GHz. These values translate to an effective continuum source with a size between 0. ″22 and 0. ″27, an effective temperature at 200 GHz ranging from 3900 to 6400 K, and a spectral index between -1.15 and -1.12. We have made an effort to simultaneously fit a representative set of observed HC3N lines through a model with an expanding shell around the central star and its associated H II region, assuming that LTE prevails for HC3N. The simulations show that the slowly expanding inner envelope has expansion and turbulence velocities of ~5-18 and ~3.5 km s-1, respectively, and that it is possibly elongated. Its inclination with respect to the line of sight has also been explored. The HC3N column density in front of the continuum source has been determined by comparing the output of an array of models with the data. The best fits are obtained for column densities in the range × 1017 cm-2, consistent with previous estimates from Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) data, and TK in the range 250-275 K, in very good agreement with estimates made from the same ISO data.
p53 Mutations and Histologie Type of Invasive Breast Carcinoma

A polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism assay was used to assess p53 mutations in 148 invasive breast carcinomas, selected on the basis of their histotype. They comprised 56 lobular, 47 ductal, 19 mucinous, 18 medullary, and 8 papillary carcinomas. The distribution of p53 mutations was significantly different (P = 0.006) in the histotypes examined: mutations were frequent in medullary (39%) and ductal (26%), less common in lobular (12%), and absent in mucinous and papillary carcinomas. The frequency of mutations in the exon 5 of the p53 gene was significantly higher in medullary carcinomas than in the other histotypes: 5 (63%) of the mutations found in exon 5 were observed in medullary carcinomas (P = 0.012). One hundred twenty-two tumors from the total were also examined by immunohistochemistry for p53 overexpression using antibody PAb 1801. A specific immunostaining in neoplastic cells was present in 12 tumors. A strong correlation (P < 0.001) was observed between p53 mutations and nuclear accumulation of the p53 protein: 10 tumors were scored positive for both p53 mutation and overexpression. However, in 9 cases having a mutated p53 gene we failed to find a positive immunoreaction. A significant association (P = 0.01) was present between mutations in the p53 gene and high proliferative activity of the tumors determined by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody Ki-67. Moreover, a significantly higher expression of the Ki-67 antigen was found in medullary carcinomas compared to the other histotypes. Our findings indicate that in invasive breast carcinomas structural abnormalities of the p53 gene are mainly seen in medullary and ductal tumors and that the other histological types, especially those associated with a high level of differentiation and favorable prognosis, show a very low incidence of p53 mutations.
Non-structural approach to implied moments extraction

Abstract Moments of future prices and returns are not observable, but it is possible to measure them indirectly. A set of option prices with the same maturity but with different exercise prices are used to extract implied probability distribution of the underlying asset at the expiration date. The aim is to obtain market expectations from options and to investigate which non-structural model for estimating implied probability distribution gives the best fit. Non-structural models assume that only dynamics in prices is known. Mixture of two log-normals (MLN), Edgeworth expansions and Shimko’s model (representatives of parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric approaches respectively) are compared. Previous researches are inconclusive about the superiority of one approach over the others. This article contributes to finding which approach dominates. The best fit model is used to describe moments of the implied probability distribution. The sample covers one-year data for DAX index options. The results are compared through models and maturities. All models give better short-term forecasts. In pairwise comparison, MLN is superior to other approaches according to mean squared errors and Diebold-Mariano test in the observed period for DAX index options.
ClusterNet: Deep Hierarchical Cluster Network With Rigorously Rotation-Invariant Representation for Point Cloud Analysis

Current neural networks for 3D object recognition are vulnerable to 3D rotation. Existing works mostly rely on massive amounts of rotation-augmented data to alleviate the problem, which lacks solid guarantee of the 3D rotation invariance. In this paper, we address the issue by introducing a novel point cloud representation that can be mathematically proved rigorously rotation-invariant, i.e., identical point clouds in different orientations are unified as a unique and consistent representation. Moreover, the proposed representation is conditional information-lossless, because it retains all necessary information of point cloud except for orientation information. In addition, the proposed representation is complementary with existing network architectures for point cloud and fundamentally improves their robustness against rotation transformation. Finally, we propose a deep hierarchical cluster network called ClusterNet to better adapt to the proposed representation. We employ hierarchical clustering to explore and exploit the geometric structure of point cloud, which is embedded in a hierarchical structure tree. Extensive experimental results have shown that our proposed method greatly outperforms the state-of-the-arts in rotation robustness on rotation-augmented 3D object classification benchmarks.
M L ] 1 M ay 2 01 9 LS-SVR as a Bayesian RBF network

We show the theoretical equivalence between the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LS-SVR) model and maximum a posteriori (MAP) inference on Bayesian Radial Basis Functions (RBF) networks with a specific Gaussian prior on the regression weights. Although previous works have pointed out similar expressions between those learning approaches, we explicit and formally state such correspondence. We empirically demonstrate our result by performing computational experiments with standard regression benchmarks. Our findings open a range of possibilities to improve LS-SVR borrowing strength from well-established developments in Bayesian methodology.
A Stochastic Quasi-Newton Method for Online Convex Optimization

We develop stochastic variants of the wellknown BFGS quasi-Newton optimization method, in both full and memory-limited (LBFGS) forms, for online optimization of convex functions. The resulting algorithm performs comparably to a well-tuned natural gradient descent but is scalable to very high-dimensional problems. On standard benchmarks in natural language processing, it asymptotically outperforms previous stochastic gradient methods for parameter estimation in conditional random fields. We are working on analyzing the convergence of online (L)BFGS, and extending it to nonconvex optimization problems.
Macroeconomic Behavior

The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMP or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author( s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. WP/00197 Currency boards operate differently from standard pegs. The former exhibit greater currency stability and lower transaction costs, inflation, and nominal interest rates, but are limited in their use of devaluation. We extend Drazen and Masson's (1994) signaling model to consider the choice between currency board arrangements and standard pegs. The model shows that currency boards' effectiveness hinges on their credibility properties and that they can improve welfare even with high unemployment persistence. By reducing expected inflation and the negative employment effect arising from expected but unrealized inflation, currency boards can produce less unemployment than peg regimes that abstain from devaluation. JEL Classification Numbers: F31, F33
Recursive adaptive algorithms for fast and rapidly time-varying systems

In this paper, some new schemes are developed to improve the tracking performance for fast and rapidly time-varying systems. A generalized recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm called the trend RLS (T-RLS) algorithm is derived which takes into account the effect of local and global trend variations of system parameters. A bank of adaptive filters implemented with T-RLS algorithms are then used for tracking an arbitrarily fast varying system without knowing a priori the changing rates of system parameters. The optimal tracking performance is attained by Bayesian a posteriori combination of the multiple filter outputs, and the optimal number of parallel filters needed is determined by extended Akaike's Information Criterion and Minimum Description Length information criteria. An RLS algorithm with modification of the system estimation covariance matrix is employed to track a time-varying system with rare but abrupt (jump) changes. A new online wavelet detector is designed for accurately identifying the changing locations and the branches of changing parameters. The optimal increments of the covariance matrix at the detected changing locations are also estimated. Thus, for a general time-varying system, the proposed methods can optimally track its slowly, fast and rapidly changing components simultaneously.
Curvature Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancer Under PI3K Inhibition

In this note, we re-examine the work of Bosch et al. from a network point of view. In particular, we employ an extended defintion of Ollivier-Ricci curvature that allows us to study graphs with both positive and negative weights. This is done by utilizing a dual formulation of the Wasserstein 1-metric, allowing us to extend the Earth Mover’s Distance to signed measures. The resulting curvature may be applied study the robustness properties of general networks modelled as weighted graphs. In this note, we apply the theory to elucidate the robustness and therefore possible mechanisms of resistance of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer under PI3K inhibition.
Comparison of power saving schemes for sink nodes in wireless sensor networks

We provide an extensive analysis of the MAC state operation for energy conservation and introduce both channel release and setup schemes regarding the uplink data traffic for wireless sensor networks. The introduction of a release timer has already been applied to some power saving schemes in the literature. In this paper, however, an additional release timer is used to let sink nodes go back to inactive state at time-out. Instead of using randomly distributed release timers as in the literature, we use Erlang-k distributed release timers here in order to improve the inaccuracy in the analysis. We find that a longer release time period can be a better design choice for arrival traffics with deterministic packet length.
THE DYNAMIC PERFORMANCES OF THE SERVO-SOLENOID DIRECTIONAL VALVE

Performanţele slabe ale echipamentelor electrohidraulice proporţionale pot afecta performanţele unei întregi instalaţii. În prezent, tehnica de control electrohidraulic proporţional mai are nevoie de studiu, deoarece sunt încă probleme teoretice şi practice de rezolvat. Cercetările cu privire la orice fel de tehnici de control sau îmbunătăţire a echipamentelor proporţionale vor promova şi vor spori dezvoltarea tehnicii electrohidraulice. Pentru distribuitoarele electrohidraulice pot fi observate o mulţime de inovaţii variind de la idei noi pentru realizarea convertorului electromecanic la modele mecanice complet noi. În articol se prezintă elemente de modelare a echipamentului şi rezultate experimentale privind performanţele dinamice rezultate în urma unor diferite condiţii de testare.
Interaction between perceptual and cognitive processing well acknowledged in perceptual expertise research

To understand the neural correlates of expert object recognition, Harel et al. (2013) proposed the use of an existing theoretical framework (Mahon et al., 2007; Martin, 2007) that emphasizes the interaction between different parts of the visual pathway as well as between the visual and other cognitive systems. While we agree that focusing more on the role of these interactions in expertise acquisition is a fruitful research direction, we would like to clarify the position of perceptual expertise researchers1. In fact, perceptual expertise researchers never regard face-selective areas as the only neural substrates important for expert object recognition. Nor do they deny the role of interaction between the visual system and other cognitive systems. Instead, perceptual expertise researchers have been considering the interaction between perceptual and cognitive processing as an important component in understanding perceptual expertise for different objects. It is therefore unnecessary to create the debate between the so-called “perceptual view” and “interactive view” of expert object recognition, as the interaction between perceptual and cognitive processing has been well accommodated in perceptual expertise research. We elaborate on this idea through the following two points:
Average Case and Distributional Analysis of Java 7's Dual Pivot Quicksort

In 2009, Oracle replaced the long-serving sorting algorithm in its Java 7 runtime library by a new dual pivot Quicksort variant due to Yaroslavskiy. The decision was based on the strikingly good performance of Yaroslavskiy’s implementation in running time experiments. At that time, no precise investigations of the algorithm were available to explain its superior performance — on the contrary: Previous theoretical studies of other dual pivot Quicksort variants even discouraged the use two pivots. Only in 2012, two of the authors gave an average case analysis of a simplified version of Yaroslavskiy’s algorithm, proving that savings in the number of comparisons are possible. However, Yaroslavskiy’s algorithm needs more swaps, which renders the analysis inconclusive. To force the issue, we herein extend our analysis to the fully detailed style of Knuth: We determine the exact number of executed Java Bytecode instructions. Surprisingly, Yaroslavskiy’s algorithm needs sightly more Bytecode instructions than a simple implementation of classic Quicksort — despite contradicting running times. Like in Oracle’s library implementation we incorporate the use of Insertionsort on small subarrays and show that it indeed speeds up Yaroslavskiy’s Quicksort in terms of Bytecodes. Even if using optimal Insertionsort thresholds the new Quicksort variant again needs slightly more Bytecode instructions on average. Finally, we show that the (suitably normalized) costs of Yaroslavskiy’s algorithm converge to a random variable whose distribution is characterized by a fix point equation. From that, we compute variances of costs and show that for large n, costs are concentrated about their mean.
Autonomous underwater vehicle control using reinforcement learning policy search methods

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) represent a challenging control problem with complex, noisy, dynamics. Nowadays, not only the continuous scientific advances in underwater robotics but the increasing number of subsea missions and its complexity ask for an automatization of submarine processes. This paper proposes a high-level control system for solving the action selection problem of an autonomous robot. The system is characterized by the use of reinforcement learning direct policy search methods (RLDPS) for learning the internal state/action mapping of some behaviors. We demonstrate its feasibility with simulated experiments using the model of our underwater robot URIS in a target following task.
Enabling multi-angle wireless power transmission via magnetic resonant coupling

Magnetic resonant coupling is more efficient than radiative transfer to transfer power wirelessly over a medium distance. Current implementation of magnetic resonant coupling, however, requires paired source and receiver antennas in exactly matched positions. We present an open-ended resonant coupling system with multiple orthogonal receivers or source antennas to solve the resonant frequency splitting issues that arise in multiple receiver applications and maintain a relative high efficiency. It is shown in the system that power is received by the receiver working around a magnetic resonance frequency, which is in different directions to the source coils. Better transfer efficiencies are observed for orthogonal source coils compared with inductive coupling as well as magnetic resonant coupling with paired single receiver and source antennas.
A case study of UNICEF during the Mozambique flood disaster 2013 Humanitarian Relief Organizations and Its Relationship w ith Logistics Service Providers

Background: Nowadays, humanitarian relief organizations are more and more present in people’s lives due to the number of recorded natural disasters increasing over the last 30 years. Although there are several actors involved in humanitarian aid, the need to integrate logistics service providers into humanitarian relief operations has been recognized. However, the literature lacks particular attention concerning the coordination roles and objectives between humanitarian relief organizations and LSPs during disaster relief operations. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between UNICEF and its LSP(s) during disaster relief operations. More specifically, this study aims to understand the elements that drive, facilitate, constrain and affect the relationship UNICEF has with its LSPs. Method: A qualitative, exploratory research approach was used, using a real-context case study as the research design. The empirical data was collected through in-depth semistructured interviews with four respondents representing both UNICEF and its LSPs. Conclusion: The researchers present a revised version of the conceptual framework used to conduct this research. One additional component was added to the list of components affecting the effectiveness of a relationship. In addition, some other influencers were discussed. This conceptual framework can be used to formulate an effective relationship between two humanitarian actors within disaster relief operations. Finally, forming a relationship between UNICEF and its LSPs is nothing new. Recommendations for future research include investigating implementation efforts once a relationship is built, in order to improve disaster relief operations and save more lives.
Research of decision fusion for multi-source remote-sensing satellite information based on SVMs and DS evidence theory

Satellite information is an important source of the decision-level intelligence in battlefield. Research of the multi-source information decision-level fusion provides a key technical approach for distilling comprehensive satellite information and acquiring decision-level intelligences. A SVMs-DS model adopting statistics theory and uncertainty reasoning method in the article, ensures precision and reliability for decision intelligence output, by establishing multi-class classifier of intelligent performance and conflict disposing mechanism of fine fault tolerance, which lays a practical foundation for multi-source remote-sensing satellite information decision-level fusion.
Indigenous land rights, entrepreneurship, and economic development

Indigenous people are struggling to reassert their nationhood within the post-colonial states in which they find themselves. Claims to their traditional lands and the right to use the resources of these lands are central to their drive to nationhood. Traditional lands are the ‘place’ of the nation and are inseparable from the people, their culture, and their identity as a nation. Traditional lands and resources are the foundation upon which indigenous people intend to rebuild the economies of their nations and so improve the socioeconomic circumstance of their people—individuals, families, communities, and nations. This paper explores business development activities that flow from the later aspect of indigenous land rights in a Canadian context, suggesting that the process is a particular and important instance of social entrepreneurship. # 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Using UMLS Concept Unique Identifiers (CUIs) for Word Sense Disambiguation in the Biomedical Domain

This paper explores the use of Concept Unique Identifiers (CUIs) as assigned by MetaMap as features for a supervised learning approach to word sense disambiguation of biomedical text. We compare the use of CUIs that occur in abstracts containing an instance of the target word with using the CUIs that occur in sentences containing an instance of the target word. We also experiment with frequency cutoffs for determining which CUIs should be included as features. We find that a Naive Bayesian classifier where the features represent CUIs that occur two or more times in abstracts containing the target word attains accuracy 9% greater than Leroy and Rindflesch's approach, which includes features based on semantic types assigned by MetaMap. Our results are comparable to those of Joshi, et. al. and Liu, et. al., who use feature sets that do not contain biomedical information.