Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modes of Silencing of p 16 in Development of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

To clarify modes of silencing of p16 and their concerns to the development and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs), we examined immunoreactivity of p16, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at six microsatellite loci in 9p13–22, and the methylation status of the p16 promoter in 42 cases of the ESCC at various stages. The samples taken from step sections in and around the tumors were examined to map heterogeneity of those changes. Thereby at least one focus of dysplasia was detected in each case. No immunoexpression of p16 was detected in the ESCCs of 38 cases (90.5%) and in dysplasias of 34 cases (81%), whereas the histologically normal epithelia adjacent to the ESCC showed the p16 expression even in the presence of p16 methylation. Of the ESCCs/ dysplasias without p16 expression (38/34), 16/0 showed both p16 methylation and LOH at the near-p16 loci ( / ), 14/30 did only methylation ( / ) and 8/4 did only LOH ( / ). The presence of LOH with/without homozygous deletion (HD) at the near-p16 loci correlated with the advanced tumor stages (P < 0.001). The mapping of / cases indicated that the / carcinomas were included in the / carcinomas, which were, in turn, surrounded by the / dysplasias and/or by the / normal-looking epithelia, whereas the / dysplasias were always accompanied by the / carcinomas. These results suggest that the mode of p16 silencing either through methylation or through LOH and possible mutation is determined in each patient before the occurrence of ESCCs and dysplasia. The mapping of HD and p16 expression suggest that the HD is a later event than the p16 silencing.
Conformational transition pathway in the allosteric process of calcium‐induced recoverin: Molecular dynamics simulations

Recoverin is an important neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) protein, which have been implicated in a wide range of Ca2+ signaling events in neurons and photoreceptors. To characterize the conformational transition of recoverin from the myristoyl sequestered state to the extrusion state, a series of conventional molecular dynamics (CMD) and targeted molecular dynamics (TMD) simulations were performed. The 36.8 ns long CMD and TMD simulations on recoverin revealed a reliably conformational transition pathway, which can be viewed as a sequential two‐stage process. A very important mechanistic conclusion from the present TMD simulations is that the hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions modulate the allostery cooperatively in the conformational transition pathway. In the first stage, three salt‐bridges broken between Lys‐84 and Gly‐124, between Lys‐5 and Glu‐103 and between Gly‐16 and Lys‐97 are major components to destabilize the structure of state T and trigger the swivel of the N‐ and C‐terminal domains. In the second stage, the rupture of H‐bond Phe‐56‐O…H(O)‐Thr‐21 leads to the two helices of EF‐1 apart from each other, destabilizing the hydrophobic interactions of the myristoyl group with its environment, whereas the making of H‐bond Leu‐108‐O…H(O)‐Ser‐72 helps the interfacial domain maintain its structural integrity during the course of the myristoyl extrusion. The molecular dynamics simulations results are beneficial to understanding the mechanism of how and why NCS proteins make progress in the photo‐signal transduction processes. Further experimental and theoretical studies are still very desirable. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Kinetics of ruminal passage rate of particles of signal grass silage, maize and intercropped

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinetics of ruminal passage rate of particles from the subsequent associations: corn and signal grass; corn, signal grass and Calopogonio; corn, signal grass and Macrotiloma; and corn, signal grass and Estilosantes. It was used four crossbred holstein-zebu cattle with the rumen tubed in order to determine the the kinetics of ruminal passage rate of particles. The feces were collected at the times zero (immediately after addition of fibers complexed with chromium), 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 56 , 64, 72, 80, 88, 96, 120, 132, 144 and 192 hours. The profile parameters of passage rate estimative were adjusted according to robust regression procedures. The average time of particles retention in the raft (ATPR1); the average time in the rumen liquid phase (ATRLP2) and the average time of total ruminal retention (ATTRR) were adjusted for the passage kinetics and estimated with the NLIN procedure of SAS. From the observed results, may be suggested that the transference rate λ has an inverse behavior to the escape rate κ, the τ average values, the average retention time and average particles retention time in the rumen liquid phase (ATRLP2) were not statistically different. The feed characteristics after the raft escape and reach to ATRLP2, were very similar; (ATTRR), related to treatments, were not statistically different (P<0,05). There were observed small TMRR numerical differences in different foods. The corn and signal grass; corn, signal grass and calopogonio; corn, signal grass and macrotiloma, corn, signal grass and estilosantes silage fibers had similar rates ofλ, k, ATPR1, ATRLP2 and ATTRR. Therefore, the the kinetics of ruminal passage rate of particles is similar. Thus, the choice of the system should be based on other factors, such as viability of the management ease and silage cost.
A Novel Multiple-Gate Polycrystalline Silicon Nanowire Transistor Featuring an Inverse-T Gate

A novel multiple-gate field-effect transistor with poly-Si nanowire (NW) channels is proposed and fabricated using a simple process flow. In the proposed structure, poly-Si NW channels are formed with sidewall spacer etching technique, and are surrounded by an inverse-T gate and a top gate. When the two gates are connected together to drive the NW channels, dramatic performance enhancement as compared with the cases of single- gate operation is observed. Moreover, subthreshold swing as low as 103 mV/dec at Vd = 2 V is recorded. Function of using the top gate bias to modulate the threshold voltage of device operation driven by the inverse-T gate biases is also investigated in this letter.
The measurement of upper body alignment during the golf drive

Abstract Transverse plane rotations of the upper body are often estimated during the golf swing. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement between upper body alignments measured using markers attached to the thorax and markers on the acromion process during the golf drive. Three-dimensional coordinate data from nine markers were collected (300 Hz) during eight golf drives for 10 participants. The transverse plane alignment of the upper body was calculated using three techniques: inter-acromion vector, thorax vector, and Cardan angles. Agreement between the methods was then assessed using intra-class correlation and 95% limits of agreement. Our results suggested that the thorax vector can be used to provide an accurate estimation of thorax alignment at all stages of the golf swing (R ≥ 0.97, systematic difference < 1.0°, random difference < 3.8°). The inter-acromion vector gave an accurate estimation of thorax alignment at address (R = 0.90, systematic difference = 0.0°, random difference = 4.3°) but it should not be used to estimate thorax alignment at the top of the backswing (R = 0.32, systematic difference = −16.0°, random difference = 8.7°) or impact (R = 0.90, systematic difference = −5.1°, random difference = 8.3°) during the golf drive.
The transfer of immunoglobins IgG, IgA and IgM from serum to colostrum and milk in the sow.

The proportion of IgA, IgG and IgM in sow colostrum and milk that is derived from serum has been determined by measuring the transfer of 125I-labelled immunoglobulin from serum. All colostral IgG and a high proportion of IgM are derived from serum as is 40 per cent of IgA. Thus it would appear that colostrum is not a true secretion since 90 per cent of its immunoglobulin content is of serum origin. In milk, however, 90 per cent of IgA and IgM and 70 per cent of IgG would appear to be locally produced in mammary tissue.
Contamination of internal jugular cannulae

137 internal jugular vein cannulae from 113 patients undergoing open heart surgery were cultured using standard broth culture and a semiquantitative culture technique. 60 of the cannulae were placed using an aseptic technique and 77 using a standard non sterile technique. Significant contamination was found in 18.3% of the cannulae in the aseptic group and 15.6% in the standard group. The contaminating organism was Staphylococcus epidermidis in 87.1% of cases. No advantage in using an aseptic technique of cannula insertion was demonstrated. It was concluded that the major source of contamination was elsewhere.
The need for patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty: a literature review

The controversy over whether or not to routinely resurface the patella during a total knee arthroplasty has persisted despite three decades of successful joint replacement procedures. Advocates for routine patellar resurfacing admit the occasional need for secondary patellar resurfacing and declare increased incidence of anterior knee pain in patients with non‐resurfaced patellae as a cause for worry. Surgeons that leave the patella unresurfaced cite avoidance of complications that include patellar fracture, avascular necrosis, patellar tendon injury and instability. This review discusses the available literature on patellar resurfacing through an evidence‐based analysis of randomized and pseudo‐randomized controlled trials and published meta‐analyses to date. The published literature seems to favour resurfacing the patellar routinely. Selective patellar resurfacing would be the ideal solution if sound pre‐operative criteria could be established. So far, a method for accurately predicting which patients can avoid patellar resurfacing has not been found. Future research looking at patellar resurfacing should concentrate on developing criteria for selecting those patients that would benefit from patellar resurfacing and those that would do as well without resurfacing, and thus, limiting potential surgical complications.
Ultra wideband indoor channel modeling for personal area networking

This paper investigates the Line of Sight (LOS) path loss characteristics of the UWB channel by explicitly focusing on a very short range of 1¿5 m. A vector network analyzer was used to measure the channel transfer function in the frequency band of 6¿8 GHz. It has been observed that the published path loss models for UWB communications report a path loss exponent in the vicinity of the benchmark `2¿ for LOS indoor measurements for 1¿10 m. However, as one of the potential applications of UWB technology will be for wireless desktop environments, it becomes imperative to characterize the UWB channel for the same. We find that though the overall value of the path loss exponent for 1¿5 m is 1.85, which is in agreement with the previously reported values, for 1¿2 m, 2¿3 m, 3¿4 m and 4¿5 m it is found to be 1.55, 1.97, 1.98 and 3.35 respectively. This distance dependent path loss modeling reveals that beyond 4 m channel characteristics change considerably. Therefore, a path loss exponent of value less than 2 is well suitable for desktop applications preferably within a range of 4 m.
Making migrants 'il-legible': The policies and practices of documentation in post-apartheid South Africa

In South Africa, the Department of Home Affairs (DHA) – the department charged with managing migration – has struggled to control growing migration flows, particularly the increased demand on the asylum system. The DHA has both relied on and sought to undermine documentation attempts as part of its migration management efforts. These shifting practices reveal an official ambivalence toward granting foreign migrants documents and the rights that accompany them. Ensuring that foreign migrants remain undocumented fulfils the DHA’s objective of facilitating their removal, but it undercuts the administration’s ability to know who is in the country, another expressed DHA goal. Examining two documentation schemes – the asylum system, and the three-month documentation programme targeting undocumented Zimbabweans – this article highlights these conflicting purposes. It explores the DHA’s administrative strategies and practices to withhold or deny documentation, and hence legal rights, to foreign migrants even when its stated goal is documentation. Looking at the role that documentation plays in state administration, the article argues that the street-level organisational approach and its focus on implementation best captures the actions of the DHA, underscoring the ways in which street-level bureaucrats can influence documentation policy and practice by determining who gets access to documents.
Molecular cloning and characterization of the pseudorabies virus UL 31 gene

We amplified a 816-bp sequence of the UL31 gene from the pseudorabies virus (PRV) Becker strain genome. Evidence that this was the UL31 gene was confirmed by cloning and sequencing. The PRV UL31 gene encodes a putative protein of 271-amino acid residues, which was designated the UL31 protein. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that PRV UL31 contains a conserved PHA03328 domain, closely related with the herpes virus nuclear egress lamina protein UL31 family and highly conserved among counterparts encoded by herpes UL31 genes. Nucleic acid sequence and amino acid sequence alignments demonstrated that PRV UL31 has a relatively higher homology with UL31 homologous proteins of subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae than other subfamilies. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that PRV UL31 has a close evolutionary relationship with members of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, especially bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), BoHV-5, equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4), EHV-9 and EHV-1. Antigen prediction demonstrated that several
The Relationship between Internet Addiction, Peer Pressure and Perceived Social Support among Adolescents

The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationships between internet addiction, peer pressure and social support among adolescents. The sample of the study consisted of 558 adolescents (290 female 268 male) selected from high school 9th and 10th grade at Mersin. The data related with the internet addiction was gathered by means of Internet Addiction Questionnaire developed by Young (1998) and adapted to Turkish culture by Bayraktar (2001). The data related with the peer pressure gathered with the peer Pressure Questionnaire developed by Kiran (2002) and Perceived Social Support Measure developed by Yildirim (1997) was used to measure the social support. To examine the relationships between internet addiction, peer pressure and social support, gender X peer pressure (low-medium- high), gender X peer support (low-medium-high), gender X parental support (low-medium- high) and gender X teachers’ support (low-medium-high) design four different analyses of variance was applied to the Internet Addiction Questionnaire scores of the adolescents. For low, medium and high peer pressure, peer support, parental support and teachers’ support, 0,5 standard deviation was used as cut off point. The results showed that the lower the peer pressure, internet addiction decreases. Moreover, the more the parental and teachers’ support increase, internet addiction scores of the adolescents decrease. Furthermore, it was observed that internet addiction scores of the adolescents differed according to gender, and the internet addiction scores of the girls were lower than that of boys. Otherwise, no relationship was observed between internet addiction and peer support. The results were discussed in the light of related literature.
Distributed Multimedia Streaming Systems in Peer-to-Peer Overlay Networks

A multimedia content are distributed to peers and a contents peer which holds contents can provide other peers with the contents in peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks. Multimedia streaming is more significant than downloading ways in multimedia applications from security and economical reasons. We discuss distributed multi-source streaming models. Here, a collection of multiple contents peers in parallel transmit packets of a multimedia content to a leaf peer to realize the reliability and scalability. Even if not only some number of peers stop by fault and are degraded in performance but also some number of packets are lost and delayed, a leaf peer can receive content at the required rate. We discuss how to allocate packets to each contents peer. We discuss a gossip-based, DAG-based coordination protocol (DCoP) to synchronize multiple contents peers. We evaluate DCoP in terms of how long it takes and how many messages are transmitted to synchronize multiple contents peers
α-Synuclein Is Degraded by Both Autophagy and the Proteasome*

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the formation of aggregates (Lewy bodies) in neurons. α-Synuclein is the major protein in Lewy bodies and rare mutations in α-synuclein cause early-onset PD. Consequently, α-synuclein is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Here, we have investigated the degradation pathways of α-synuclein, using a stable inducible PC12 cell model, where the expression of exogenous human wild-type, A30P, or A53T α-synuclein can be switched on and off. We have used a panel of inhibitors/stimulators of autophagy and proteasome function and followed α-synuclein degradation in these cells. We found that not only is α-synuclein degraded by the proteasome, but it is also degraded by autophagy. A role for autophagy was further supported by the presence of α-synuclein in organelles with the ultrastructural features of autophagic vesicles. Since rapamycin, a stimulator of autophagy, increased clearance of α-synuclein, it merits consideration as a potential therapeutic for Parkinsons disease, as it is designed for chronic use in humans.
STRATIFIED FLOW−DRIVEN ROUTE TO MONODISPERSE UNILAMELLAR LIPID VESICLES

Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) are good models of living cells, owing to their size and lamellarity. Compartmentalization within lipid vesicles has been exploited for the study of membrane behavior, lipid mechanics and a variety of biological processes, though their synthesis is not straightforward. We describe the development of a stratified flow driven microfluidic approach to GUV assembly that will afford control over size, lamellarity and membrane composition.
Hepatoprotective properties of Dandelion: recent update.

Taraxacum officinalis (Dandelion) have been used as folk medicines in China, India, and Russia for the treatment of chronic liver diseases. This review focuses exclusively on published literature pertaining to the potential use of Taraxacum officinalis or Dandelion for the treatment of various chronic liver diseases. Dandelion has been tested against various drugs and chemical induced chronic liver diseases in experimental animals and came out with promising results. In vitro studies also confirm the hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of dandelion. The extensive literature survey reveal the fact that Taraxacum officinalis or dandelion to be safe and the available evidence on the mechanisms of action appears promising, there are currently insufficient d ata from well-conducted clinical trials to recommend it use in patients with alcoholic liver chronic liver disease.
CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE MINERAL AND BONE DISORDERS (CKD-MBD) WHAT THE ENDOCRINOLOGIST NEEDS TO KNOW Running title: CKD-MBD and Endocrinologists

DOI:10.4158/EP12291.RA © 2013 AACE. ENDOCRINE PRACTICE Rapid Electronic Article in Press Rapid Electronic Articles in Press are preprinted manuscripts that have been reviewed and accepted for publication, but have yet to be edited, typeset and finalized. This version of the manuscript will be replaced with the final, published version after it has been published in the print edition of the journal. The final, published version may differ from this proof. DOI:10.4158/EP12291.RA © 2013 AACE.
ESTIMATION FOR THE PREDICTION OF POINT PROCESSES WITH MANY COVARIATES

Estimation of the intensity of a point process is considered within a nonparametric framework. The intensity measure is unknown and depends on covariates, possibly many more than the observed number of jumps. Only a single trajectory of the counting process is observed. Interest lies in estimating the intensity conditional on the covariates. The impact of the covariates is modelled by an additive model where each component can be written as a linear combination of possibly unknown functions. The focus is on prediction as opposed to variable screening. Conditions are imposed on the coefficients of this linear combination in order to control the estimation error. The rates of convergence are optimal when the number of active covariates is large. As an application, the intensity of the buy and sell trades of the New Zealand Dollar futures is estimated and a test for forecast evaluation is presented. A simulation is included to provide some finite sample intuition on the model and asymptotic properties.
MultiNet: Multiple Virtual Networks for a Reliable Live Streaming Service

Network virtualization is becoming an irresistible trend for building future Internet. It enables multiple virtual networks running on the same physical substrate, by which network service can be deployed on a customized virtual network to get better performance. In this paper, we propose a method to achieve more reliable live streaming service by deploying it over multiple virtual networks, namely MultiNet. Rather than running streaming service relying on a single network alone, MultiNet provides network resources redundancy for better reliability, avoiding unexpected interrupt due to network errors, such as link down, router crash, or transient routing failure. In addition, it balances traffic load between networks as some network congests, reducing packet losses significantly. To verify this idea, we implement MultiNet prototype exploiting some open source components. And several experiments on this prototype are studied both for illustrating MultiNet's benefits and for better understanding of MultiNet.
Linguateca: um Centro de Recursos Distribuído para o Processamento Computacional da Língua Portuguesa

Resumo. Neste artigo apresentamos uma panorâmica da actividade da Linguateca na criacao e disponibilizacao de recursos e ferramentas para a lingua portuguesa. Comecamos por uma descricao dos objectivos e pressupostos da Linguateca e uma breve historia da sua intervencao, e finalizamos com algumas consideracoes sobre a melhor forma de prosseguir na organizacao da area.
The SIESTA method for ab initio order-N materials simulation

We have developed and implemented a selfconsistent density functional method using standard norm-conserving pseudopotentials and a flexible, numerical linear combination of atomic orbitals basis set, which includes multiple-zeta and polarization orbitals. Exchange and correlation are treated with the local spin density or generalized gradient approximations. The basis functions and the electron density are projected on a real-space grid, in order to calculate the Hartree and exchange-correlation potentials and matrix elements, with a number of operations that scales linearly with the size of the system. We use a modified energy functional, whose minimization produces orthogonal wavefunctions and the same energy and density as the Kohn-Sham energy functional, without the need for an explicit orthogonalization. Additionally, using localized Wannier-like electron wavefunctions allows the computation time and memory required to minimize the energy to also scale linearly with the size of the system. Forces and stresses are also calculated efficiently and accurately, thus allowing structural relaxation and molecular dynamics simulations.