Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interaction between ATP-Sensitive K+ Channels and Nitric Oxide on Pial Arterioles in Piglets

The interaction between ATP-sensitive K+ channels (KATP) and nitric oxide (NO) was studied in pial arterioles of piglets. We examined the effects of N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), a general inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), a selective inhibitor of neuronal NOS, on aprikalim-induced cerebral vasodilation. Topically applied, aprikalim, a selective activator of KATP, dilated arterioles by 11 ± 7% at 10−8 M and 17 ± 6% at 10−6 M. After l-NAME treatment (15 mg/kg, i.v.), the response was reduced (4 ± 4% and 12 ± 7%, respectively; n = 8, p < 0.05). Administration of 7-NI (50 mg/kg, i.p.) did not change pial arteriolar responsiveness to aprikalim. However, both l-NAME and 7-NI reduced the vasodilator responses to 10−4 M N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) (by 73% and by 36%, respectively). Furthermore, 7-NI treatment abolished the glutamate-induced dilatation of pial arterioles. Administration of l-NAME reduced the NOS activity in the cerebral cortex by 88%, whereas the reduction after the 7-NI treatment was 44%. Pretreatment and coadministration of 10−5 M glibenclaminde, a specific inhibitor of KATP or l-NAME administration, did not change the dilatory response to sodium nitroprusside. We conclude that NO may be involved in aprikalim-induced dilation of pial arterioles.
Genome Interactions which Influence DNA Palindrome Mediated Instability and Inviability in Escherichia Coli

SUMMARY The interaction of three factors determine the detrimental effect of a palindromic DNA sequence in Escherichia coli cells. The first is the nature of the palindrome (its length, extent of central asymmetry and perhaps its base sequence), the second is the genotype of the host cell and the third is the replicon within which it is located. In this paper we extend the genetic and physical characterization of lambda bacteriophages carrying a palindrome of approximately 560 base pairs. We also show that a palindrome of approximately 110 base pairs which can be cloned in a plasmid cannot be cloned in a phage M13 derivative. These observations are relevant to the choice of vectors used in the cloning of eukaryotic DNA containing palindromic sequences.
Effects of amount of graphene oxide and the times of LightScribe on the performance of all-solid-state flexible graphene-based micro-supercapacitors

Recently, the preparation of flexible graphene-based micro-supercapacitors has attracted considerable attention. In this paper, a flexible and all-solid-state micro-supercapacitor was fabricated by LightScribe technology. Additionally, the influences of the drop-cast amount of graphene oxide (GO) and the numbers of LightScribe times on the performance of the supercapacitor were systematically investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge. It was determined that the electrochemical performance of the micro-supercapacitor was optimal when the drop-cast amount was 0.38 mg cm−2. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the capacitance and the number of LightScribe times. The maximum capacitance was 2.9 mF cm−2, which was reached with 20 rounds of LightScribe.
Treatment of human cell lines with 5-azacytidine may result in profound alterations in clonogenicity and growth rate

Liquid medium cultures of three human cell lines (B-lymphoma, myeloma, and squamous lung carcinoma) with population-doubling times (PDT) and cloning efficiencies (CE) in the range of 32-43 h and 0.01-5.6%, respectively, were exposed to 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) for 3 d. The doses used (1-3 microM) were found to be nontoxic as measured by cell growth in liquid and semisolid agar medium and to be nonmutagenic as measured by the rate of generation of ouabain- and 6-thioguanine-resistant cell variants. After 5-azaC treatment, cell samples were subsequently harvested every day and assayed for their CE in semisolid agar medium. For each cell line, 30 to 42 individual clones were harvested at the day of maximal CE and expanded in liquid culture medium. PDT and CE were determined for each subclone about every 6 wk for 12 mo. The majority of the subclones had unaltered PDT and CE compared to the original lines. However, several clones had profoundly changed proliferative activity with PDT on approximately 12-14 h and/or CE 5 to greater than 50%. Some of the clones with altered growth properties reverted to PDT and/or CE values of untreated clones. However, a few clones of each line had stable alterations with PDT on 12-14 h and CE 5 to greater than 50%; these clones were all significantly hypomethylated. It is concluded that the human gene repertoire does contain genes that appropriately activated can result in growth properties with very short PDT and high CE (and comparable to animal cell lines), and that this activation may be obtained by 5-azaC treatment. It is conceivable that the procedure here described to alter growth properties of human cell lines may be applied to experimental situations, where alterations of cell growth properties are desired.
Identifying Consumer-Friendly Display (CFD) Names for Health Concepts

We have developed a systematic methodology using corpus-based text analysis followed by human review to assign "consumer-friendly display (CFD) names" to medical concepts from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus. Using NLM MedlinePlus queries as a corpus of consumer expressions and a collaborative Web-based tool to facilitate review, we analyzed 425 frequently occurring concepts. As a preliminary test of our method, we evaluated 34 ana-lyzed concepts and their CFD names, using a questionnaire modeled on standard reading assessments. The initial results that consumers (n=10) are more likely to understand and recognize CFD names than alternate labels suggest that the approach is useful in the development of consumer health vocabularies for displaying understandable health information.
Role of Polymeric Metal Nucleation Inducers in Fabricating Large‐Area, Flexible, and Transparent Electrodes for Printable Electronics

The advent of special types of transparent electrodes, known as “ultrathin metal electrodes,” opens a new avenue for flexible and printable electronics based on their excellent optical transparency in the visible range while maintaining their intrinsic high electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility. In this new electrode architecture, introducing metal nucleation inducers (MNIs) on flexible plastic substrates is a key concept to form high‐quality ultrathin metal films (thickness ≈ 10 nm) with smooth and continuous morphology. Herein, this paper explores the role of “polymeric” MNIs in fabricating ultrathin metal films by employing various polymers with different surface energies and functional groups. Moreover, a scalable approach is demonstrated using the ionic self‐assembly on typical plastic substrates, yielding large‐area electrodes (21 × 29.7 cm2) with high optical transmittance (>95%), low sheet resistance (<10 Ω sq−1), and extreme mechanical flexibility. The results demonstrate that this new class of flexible and transparent electrodes enables the fabrication of efficient polymer light‐emitting diodes.
Tracking leatherback turtles from the world's largest rookery: assessing threats across the South Atlantic

Despite extensive work carried out on leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the North Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, very little is known of the at-sea distribution of this species in the South Atlantic, where the world's largest population nests in Gabon (central Africa). This paucity of data is of marked concern given the pace of industrialization in fisheries with demonstrable marine turtle bycatch in African/Latin American waters. We tracked the movements of 25 adult female leatherback turtles obtaining a range of fundamental and applied insights, including indications for methodological advancement. Individuals could be assigned to one of three dispersal strategies, moving to (i) habitats of the equatorial Atlantic, (ii) temperate habitats off South America or (iii) temperate habitats off southern Africa. While occupying regions with high surface chlorophyll concentrations, these strategies exposed turtles to some of the world's highest levels of longline fishing effort, in addition to areas with coastal gillnet fisheries. Satellite tracking highlighted that at least 11 nations should be involved in the conservation of this species in addition to those with distant fishing fleets. The majority of tracking days were, however, spent in the high seas, where effective implementation of conservation efforts is complex to achieve.
Cut-Matching Games on Directed Graphs

We give O(log^2 n)-approximation algorithm based on the cut-matching framework of [10, 13, 14] for computing the sparsest cut on directed graphs. Our algorithm uses only O(log^2 n) single commodity max-flow computations and thus breaks the multicommodity-flow barrier for computing the sparsest cut on directed graphs
Multi-type Relational Clustering Approaches : Current State-ofthe-Art and New Directions

The proliferation of multi-type relational datasets in a number of important real-world applications and the limitations resulting from the transformation of such datasets to fit propositional data mining approaches have led to the emergence of the discipline of multi-type relational data mining. Clustering is an important unsupervised learning task aimed at discovering structure inherent in data. In this paper, we survey the state-of-the-art in the field of relational clustering, providing a taxonomy of approaches and review some of the most representative algorithms within each category. We also present DIVA, our general framework for multi-type relational clustering, which combines the use of Representative Objects with multi-phase clustering in a bid to provide flexibility, efficiency and effectiveness in clustering relational datasets. Theoretical analysis and experimental results prove that our approach is more effective and efficient than a number of other algorithms proposed in literature.
Bullying in School: Case Study of Prevention and Psycho-Pedagogical Correction

The purpose of the study was the theoretical justification and experimental verification of content, complex forms and methods to ensure effective prevention and psychopedagogical correction of bullying in school. 53 teenage students from Kazan took part in the experiment. A complex of diagnostic techniques for the detection of violence and bullying in the school environment was used: «Questionnaire for diagnosis of violence and bullying at school» by Su-Jeong Kim (V. R. Petrosyants’s modification), The BussDurkee Hostility Inventory (BDI), Emotional Empathic Tendency Scale (EETS) by A. Mehrabian & N. Epstein. Based on the results of ascertaining experiment, a program containing the forms and methods of prevention and psycho-pedagogical correction of bullying among younger teenagers in school was developed. Statistical analysis of empirical research was carried out by standard techniques of mathematical statistics (tStudent's t test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient).
Dimensioning of PA for massive MIMO system with load adaptive number of antennas

This paper takes into consideration the non-ideal efficiency characteristics of realistic power amplifiers (PAs) along with the daily traffic profile in order to investigate the impact of PA dimensioning on the energy efficiency (EE) of load adaptive massive MIMO system. A multicellular system has been considered where each base station (BS) is equipped with a large number of antennas to serve many single antenna users. For a given number of users in a cell, the optimum number of active antennas maximizing EE has been derived where total BS downlink power is assumed to be fixed. Under the same assumption, the PAs have been dimensioned in a way that maximizes network EE not only for a single time snapshot but over twenty four hours of operation while considering dynamic efficiency characteristics of the PAs. In order to incorporate this daily load profile, each BS has been modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue under the assumption that the network is dimensioned to serve a maximum number of users at a time corresponding to 100% cell traffic load. This load adaptive system along with the optimized PA dimensioning achieves 30% higher energy efficiency compared to a base line system where the BSs always run with a fixed number of active antennas which are most energy efficient while serving 100% traffic load.
Single photon detector fabricated in a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor high-voltage technology

In this article, a fully integrated single photon detector including a silicon avalanche photodiode and a quenching circuit is presented. The low doping concentrations, inherent to the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) high-voltage technology used, favor the absorption of red and infrared photons at the depletion region. The detection probability rapidly increases with excess bias voltages up to 5 V. At this value, the detection probability is larger than 20% between 420 nm and 620 nm and still 7% at 750 nm. The photosensitive area is 7 μm in diameter. Cointegration of the diode and the quenching resistor allows a drastic reduction of parasitic capacitances. Though passively quenched, the single photon detector exhibits a dead time as low as 75 ns. The avalanche current is quickly quenched in less than 3.5 ns leading to a relatively low afterpulsing probability of 7.5% at 5 V excess bias voltage. The afterpulses are located in the first microseconds after the avalanche event. At room temperature, the dark count rate is about 900 Hz at 5 V excess bias voltage. Cooling of the sensor below 0 °C is of minor interest since the tunneling process becomes dominant. A remarkably short timing resolution has been obtained with values lower than 50 ps for excess bias voltage higher than 5 V. The industrial CMOS high-voltage technology used guarantees low production costs. In applications where the light can be focused on the small photosensitive area using a high magnification objective, the fabricated single photon avalanche photodiode overcomes the features of standard photomultiplier tubes. The CMOS integration opens the way to the fabrication of an extremely compact array. The design can be easily fitted to a dedicated application. Furthermore, by using an industrial CMOS process, the cointegration of data processing electronics to produce a smart sensor would be a feasible task.
Quantification of AML1-ETO fusion transcript as a prognostic indicator in acute myeloid leukemia.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In spite of the high complete remission rate that chemotherapy achieves in acute myeloid leukemia with AML1-ETO gene rearrangement, relapse is a major cause of treatment failure in this condition. We aimed to determine a predictor of relapse with the real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) of AML1-ETO chimeric mRNA. DESIGN AND METHODS We serially monitored AML1-ETO fusion transcripts using RQ-PCR in 113 bone marrow or peripheral blood samples from 21 patients with AML1-ETO-positive acute myeloid leukemia and analyzed the prognostic relevance of the results. RESULTS Higher transcript levels at diagnosis were associated with a higher probability of relapse (p=0.038 in all patients and p=0.001 in adult patients). A decrease of less than 3-log at the time of achieving complete remission was also associated with a higher risk of relapse (p=0.035 in all patients and p=0.011 in adult patients). RQ-PCR detected the reappearance of AML1-ETO fusion transcripts in both peripheral blood and bone marrow during apparent complete remission. Detection of the transcripts preceded hematologic relapse by one to three months. The transcript levels in peripheral blood correlated with those in bone marrow at the same time point. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that regular monitoring of AML1-ETO chimeric transcript levels by RQ-PCR on bone marrow or peripheral blood samples could be extremely useful for the selection of high-risk patients and be an early predictor of relapse.
Significant association of caveolin-1 (CAV1) genotypes with prostate cancer susceptibility in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND Multiple lines of evidence have implicated the Caveolin-1 (CAV1) gene in prostate cancer progression. CAV1 is located within the locus at 7q31-33 associated with prostate cancer aggressiveness, and was identified as being overexpressed in prostate tumors. Therefore, this study evaluated the relationship between the polymorphism of CAV1 and the risk of prostate cancer in Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred and fifty patients with prostate cancer and five hundred age-matched healthy controls recruited were genotyped. RESULTS There were significant differences between prostate cancer and control groups in the distributions of their genotypes (p = 0.0004) and allelic frequencies (p = 4.9 × 10(-5)) in the CAV1 T29107A (rs7804372) polymorphisms. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the relationship of this variant of CAV1 and risk of prostate cancer which might merit further study as a genomic marker for early detection of prostate cancer.
Decentralized Group Hierarchies in UNIX: An Experiment and Lessons Learned

Unix includes a simple group mechanism for access control. In this paper we describe an experiment to extend this mechanism in two signi cant ways that are valuable in managing group-based access control in large-scale systems. The goal of our experiment is to demonstrate how group hierarchies (where groups include other groups) and decentralized user-group assignment (where administrators are selectively delegated authority to assign selected users to selected groups) can be implemented by means of Unix setgid programs. In both respects the experimental goal is to implement previously published models, speci cally RBAC96 for group hierarchies and URA97 for decentralized user-group assignment. Our results indicate that Unix has adequate exibility to accommodate modern access control models to some extent, but that it also has critical limitations. The paper discusses how additional setgid based mechanisms could be implemented to make our implementation more scalable.
The inner ear of Diacodexis, the oldest artiodactyl mammal

We provide the first detailed description of the inner ear of the oldest artiodactyl, Diacodexis, based on a three‐dimensional reconstruction extracted from computed tomography imagery of a skull of Diacodexis ilicis of earliest Wasatchian age (ca. 55 Ma). This description provides new anatomical data for the earliest artiodactyls, and reveals that the bony labyrinth of Diacodexis differs greatly from that of modern artiodactyls described so far. The bony labyrinth of Diacodexis presents a weakly coiled cochlea (720 °), a secondary common crus, a dorsal extension of the anterior semicircular canal more pronounced than that of the posterior one, and a small angle between the basal turn of the bony cochlear canal and the lateral semicircular canal. This suite of characters also occurs in basal eutherian mammals. Diacodexis strongly resembles small living tragulid ruminants in its overall body shape and hindlimb proportions. Comparison of the bony labyrinth of Diacodexis to that of the tragulid Moschiola meminna (Indian mouse deer) reveals great morphological difference in cochlear shape and semicircular canal disposition. The shape of the cochlea suggests that Diacodexis was a high‐frequency hearing specialist, with a high low‐frequency hearing limit (543 Hz at 60 dB). By comparison, the estimated low‐frequency limit of Moschiola meminna is much lower (186.0 Hz at 60 dB). We also assess the locomotor agility of Diacodexis based on measurements of the semicircular canals. Locomotor agility estimates for Diacodexis range between 3.62 and 3.93, and suggest a degree of agility compatible with a nimble, fast running to jumping animal. These results are congruent with the postcranial functional analysis for this extinct taxon.
The Fitness Benchmark for Data Warehousing

This paper challenges the notion that speed of query execution, which dominates the OLTP database benchmarking landscape, is the appropriate critical metric for benchmarking data warehouses. The heart of the work is the introduction of a new fitness benchmark for testing and rating a warehouse’s ability to provide decision support rather than testing its ability to quickly respond to queries. The proposed benchmark contains three specific metrics: utilization (thorough use of existing data structures), coverage (non-reliance on OLTP source systems) and granularity (robust support of required aggregations). The metrics were chosen for their desirability, impactfulness, portability, simplicity and ease of improvement. The paper defines the metrics in detail, identifies the metadata used in evaluating each of the measures, proposes and defines a weighting scheme for combining them into the overall benchmark and demonstrates the computation of the benchmark against a well-documented, publicly available reference set of decision support data. The paper concludes that using the results of the computed benchmark to direct specific change can lead to measurable improvements in the ability of a warehouse to provide decision support.
An Interactive Visual Exploration of Medical data for Evaluating Health Centres

Phone & Fax +39 06 49918331 It is well known that visualisation techniques are suitable for an effective exploration of large data sets. However, not much research has been carried out on applying visualisation techniques in the analysis of medical data apart from image data. Medical information systems collect a vast amount of monitored clinical data coming from specialised machines. The task of accessing and interpreting the portions of data that are relevant to the identification of a specific clinical problem can become a hard task. In order to address this problem, we propose to enhance medical information systems by providing an interactive visual exploration of large data sets. In this paper, we introduce our approach and show its use in order to enhance the quality and efficiency of health services in haemodialysis centres.
Exploiting Constituent Dependencies for Tree Kernel-Based Semantic Relation Extraction

This paper proposes a new approach to dynamically determine the tree span for tree kernel-based semantic relation extraction. It exploits constituent dependencies to keep the nodes and their head children along the path connecting the two entities, while removing the noisy information from the syntactic parse tree, eventually leading to a dynamic syntactic parse tree. This paper also explores entity features and their combined features in a unified parse and semantic tree, which integrates both structured syntactic parse information and entity-related semantic information. Evaluation on the ACE RDC 2004 corpus shows that our dynamic syntactic parse tree outperforms all previous tree spans, and the composite kernel combining this tree kernel with a linear state-of-the-art feature-based kernel, achieves the so far best performance.