Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross Layer PHY-MAC Protocol for Wireless Static and Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Multihop mobile wireless networks have drawn a lot of attention in recent years thanks to their wide applicability in civil and military environments. Since the existing IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF) standard does not provide satisfactory access to the wireless medium in multihop mobile networks, we have designed a cross-layer protocol, (CroSs-layer noise aware power driven MAC (SNAPdMac)), which consists of two parts. The protocol first concentrates on the flexible adjustment of the upper and lower bounds of the contention window (CW) to lower the number of collisions. In addition, it uses a power control scheme, triggered by the medium access control (MAC) layer, to limit the waste of energy and also to decrease the number of collisions. Thanks to a noticeable energy conservation and decrease of the number of collisions, it prolongs significantly the lifetime of the network and delays the death of the first node while increasing both the throughput performance and the sending bit rate/throughput fairness among contending flows.
Enterrament d'època tardoromana d'un macaco amb "aixovar" al jaciment de Les Colomines (Llívia, La Cerdanya)

of Les Colomines (Llívia, Cerdanya), the remains of an african monkey's buriai, a macaque (Macaca sylvanus), containing the skeleton of the animal, with some objects. This group consisted basicaiiy in decorated metalic pieces; we can speak, among them, about some bronze military belt fittings, used in the Late Roman Empire. After the excavation, we agree to think al1 this objects were disposed in the moment of the burial. Chronologicalil: this whole belongs to the V-VI centuriesA.O. (Studying this material and the stratigraphic relations of this stnicture, we can associate this tomb with the third phase of occupation of Les Colomines. This settlement caracterized by important structures, including habitations, and materiais (speciaily ceremics, but aiso an epigraphic lnscription), was a public building (maybe a forum), during the romanization period and after (1-11 centuries A.O.). in their third phase, along with the tomb, we discovered an important reestructuration of the buildings, anda group of 204 coins from the period. Jhe interpretation of the tomb and its caracteristics can be associated with diferents miiitary struggles to controi the strategic Pyrennes in the last stages of Roman control of Hispania, between different emperors, and between the Roman Imperial Army and the Barbarians also. Possibly this macacus beionged to an offinal ora general Once recuperated, osteoiogical and biometric studies have been made with the bones, and complementary studies about the age, sex, and teeth aiso. No other exemple has been discovered in the classical worid with this caracteristics).
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a potential contrast agent for brain tumors

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used in preclinical studies of animal models of high‐grade glioma as a solvent for chemotherapeutic agents. A strong DMSO signal was detected by single‐voxel MRS in the brain of three C57BL/6 control mice during a pilot study of DMSO tolerance after intragastric administration. This led us to investigate the accumulation and wash‐out kinetics of DMSO in both normal brain parenchyma (n = 3 control mice) by single‐voxel MRS, and in 12 GL261 glioblastomas (GBMs) by single‐voxel MRS (n = 3) and MRSI (n = 9). DMSO accumulated differently in each tissue type, reaching its highest concentration in tumors: 6.18 ± 0.85 µmol/g water, 1.5‐fold higher than in control mouse brain (p < 0.05). A faster wash‐out was detected in normal brain parenchyma with respect to GBM tissue: half‐lives of 2.06 ± 0.58 and 4.57 ± 1.15 h, respectively. MRSI maps of time‐course DMSO changes revealed clear hotspots of differential spatial accumulation in GL261 tumors. Additional MRSI studies with four mice bearing oligodendrogliomas (ODs) revealed similar results as in GBM tumors. The lack of T1 contrast enhancement post‐gadolinium (gadopentetate dimeglumine, Gd‐DTPA) in control mouse brain and mice with ODs suggested that DMSO was fully able to cross the intact blood–brain barrier in both normal brain parenchyma and in low‐grade tumors. Our results indicate a potential role for DMSO as a contrast agent for brain tumor detection, even in those tumors ‘invisible’ to standard gadolinium‐enhanced MRI, and possibly for monitoring heterogeneities associated with progression or with therapeutic response. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FIRST SCATTERED-LIGHT IMAGE OF THE DEBRIS DISK AROUND HD 131835 WITH THE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER

We present the first scattered-light image of the debris disk around HD 131835 in the H band using the Gemini Planet Imager. HD 131835 is a ∼15 Myr old A2IV star at a distance of ∼120 pc in the Sco-Cen OB association. We detect the disk only in polarized light and place an upper limit on the peak total intensity. No point sources resembling exoplanets were identified. Compared to its mid-infrared thermal emission, in scattered light the disk shows similar orientation but different morphology. The scattered-light disk extends from ∼75 to ∼210 AU in the disk plane with roughly flat surface density. Our Monte Carlo radiative transfer model can describe the observations with a model disk composed of a mixture of silicates and amorphous carbon. In addition to the obvious brightness asymmetry due to stronger forward scattering, we discover a weak brightness asymmetry along the major axis, with the northeast side being 1.3 times brighter than the southwest side at a 3σ level.
Using Fitt's Law to Model Arm Motion Tracked in 3D by a Leap Motion Controller for Virtual Reality Upper Arm Stroke Rehabilitation

Early and intensive physical therapy can improve upper arm and hand functionality for stroke survivors. Virtual reality systems that utilize state-of-art natural user interface tracking sensors and adaptive user profiling software has the potential to supplement traditional physiotherapy and engage patients to sustain beneficial quantity and quality of rehabilitation. In this paper we provide an overview of the problem area and present results from an initial experiment with healthy users. The potential for Fitts's law to model user motion effectively in reach and touch tasks within 3D virtual environments is investigated. Results indicate that Fitts's law may be effective though we propose that it would best be used as part of a more complex model of user motion.
Multiple Imputation von fehlenden Werten mit Daten über Unterernährung und Kindersterblichkeit

In dieser Arbeit werden die Auswirkungen einer Ersetzung von fehlenden Werten auf das Ergebnis einer Regressionsanalyse untersucht. Grundlage ist eine Untersuchung von Klasen (2000) uber die Unterschiede im Zusammenhang zwischen Unterernahrung und Kindersterblichkeit in Afrika und Sudasien. In dem Makro-Datensatz, welcher 101 Entwicklungslander umfasst, fallt etwa ein Drittel der 273 Beobachtungen weg, da fur verschiedene verwendete Variablen die Werte fehlen. Die so verloren gegangenen Informationen sollen in dieser Untersuchung genutzt werden um die Schatzergebnisse zu verbessern. Hierzu wird ein Verfahren zur multiplen Imputation verwandt, in welchem mit einem Data-Augmentation-Verfahren mehrere vervollstandigte Datensatze generiert werden, mit welchen dann getrennt Schatzungen durchgefuhrt werden. Die Ergebnisse der Schatzungen werden dann miteinander kombiniert. Durch die Auswertung mehrerer vervollstandigter Datensatze wird eine hohere Effizienz der Schatzer erreicht. Ein Vergleich von Regressionsanalysen, die mit dem vervollstandigten Daten durchgefuhrt wurden, mit einer Complete-case-Analyse hat gezeigt, dass sich bestimmte Koeffizienten in ihrer Grosenordnung geandert haben. Bei manchen Koeffizienten sind unplausible Vorzeichen aus der Complete-case Analyse verschwunden. Es ist also vorteilhaft, bei Problemen mit fehlenden Werten moderne Imputationsverfahren zu verwenden. Die wesentlichen Ergebnisse aus der Untersuchung von Klasen (2000) konnten dennoch bestatigt werden. Durch die Ersetzung der fehlenden Werte konnten noch eine Reihe von Variablen zuganglich gemacht werden, die in den bisherigen Untersuchungen nicht verwendet wurden, da dadurch auf noch mehr Beobachtungen hatte verzichtet werden mussen.
A Functional Approach to an Early Diagnosis and Early Intervention Program for Pre-School Children with Special Educational Needs in Hong Kong

This paper briefly introduces the framework of an early diagnosis and early intervention program for Hong Kong pre-school children with special educational needs launched by the Counselling & Research Center at the Hong Kong Shue Yan University and Lok Sin Tong (a charitable organization established under Cap 151 of the Hong Kong Ordinances). The whole program involves 103 pre-school children with SEN and their parents. Prior to enrolling in this program, most of the children have been assessed to have autism, ADHD, or dyslexia. In this program, the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (Mullen, 1995) or Childhood Autism Rating Scale (Schopler, Reichler, DeVellis, & Daly, 1980) were administered to the children by counselling psychologists to measure their cognitive and motor abilities. In addition, their parents were also invited to participate in the survey interview of Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (Sparrow, Cicchetti, & Balla, 2008) and Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, 1991, 1992). Based on these measures and clinical observation, an Individualized Development Plan (IDP) has been designed for each child. A functional approach, rather than a diagnostic approach, has been applied in designing the IDPs, communicating them to the parents, and providing the children with relevant individual and group counselling and therapeutic services. Through illustration of this approach, we hope to stimulate further clinical and public discussion in the arenas of issues faced by children with SEN and their parents, as well as the perceived and projected advantages of early diagnosis and early intervention.
Access methods

Although main memories are becoming larger, many large databases still cannot fit entirely in main memory and are disk-resident. The fastest magnetic disks today have an average access time of ten milliseconds whereas CPU operations are measured in nanoseconds, making the access of one disk page at least a million times slower than adding two integers in the CPU. Thus although access methods are not a new topic, they are becoming increasingly important. In addition, new application areas are requiring more complex disk access methods. For example, some of the data being stored in large databases is multidimensional. These dimensions may be spatial or may contain a temporal component. Data mining applications include dimensions such as sales date, type of item sold, color, sales area, and so forth. Queries may involve any of the dimensions, so an access method based on only one dimension is not adequate.
Increased weight gain by C-section: Functional significance of the primordial microbiome

Mice born by C-section developed increased body weight and lacked microbiota developmental changes observed in control mice. Epidemiological evidence supports a direct association between early microbiota impact—including C-section—and obesity. We performed antibiotic-free, fostered C-sections and determined the impact on the early microbiota and body weight during development. Mice in the C-section group gained more body mass after weaning, with a stronger phenotype in females. C-section–born mice lacked the dynamic developmental gut microbiota changes observed in control mice. The results demonstrate a causal relationship between C-section and increased body weight, supporting the involvement of maternal vaginal bacteria in normal metabolic development.
CSI-aided Demapping of Dual-Carrier Modulation for Multiband-OFDM

A novel CSI-aided demapping method for dual-carrier modulation (DCM) is proposed for multiband-OFDM systems. The proposed method utilizes the channel state information (CSI) to calculate the soft decision values, which are given by the approximate log-likelihood ratio (LLR). In this paper, it is shown that the soft decision values are given as the differences between two squared Euclidean distances. By reducing the noise-amplifying effect, the proposed method improves the error performance of conventional methods, by a signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) of 3dB in the presence of channel estimation error and quantization noise. The VLSI architecture suitable for this method is also proposed, verifying that the performance gain comes with a slight increase of hardware complexity.
Pure Red Cell Aplasia Induced Only by Intravenous Administration of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin

Antibody (Ab)-mediated pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare but important side effect in patients with chronic kidney disease who receive recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). Ab-mediated PRCA was first reported in the 1990s, and the incidence subsequently increased and reached a peak in 2001. After improvements in rhEPO products and the administration route, the incidence was reduced by 90%, and now Ab-mediated PRCA only develops in a limited number of patients who receive rhEPO subcutaneously for a long period. We describe here the clinical course of one such rare patient with Ab-mediated PRCA. The patient was a 70-year-old man with chronic renal failure secondary to diabetic nephropathy. He had not received rhEPO therapy before the initiation of hemodialysis. He started hemodialysis and began to receive rhEPO therapy intravenously. Three months later, his hemoglobin level started declining and he became transfusion dependent. A diagnosis of Ab-mediated PRCA was made by bone marrow examination and detection of anti-EPO Abs. He was successfully treated with cyclosporine and became independent of blood transfusions. This case is a reminder that vigilance is required regarding the development of Ab-mediated PRCA upon rhEPO therapy, regardless of the administration route.
Achieving Universal Digital Literacy for Rural India

In this paper, we present the experience gained in implementation of a successful Digital Literacy programmes across India. The Government has launched 'Digital India' -- A programme to transform India into digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. The need for digital literacy in a country as populous and diverse as India is critical. It is seen that the gap between limited availability of resources as against vast requirement could be addressed to a large extent by use of technology, which could provide effective ways to scale up solutions and bridge these gaps. The technology and connectivity together can make a huge difference to the socio-economic levels of a community, and ultimately, the country, since true progress comes from inclusive growth.The paper describes various innovative approaches and methodologies used to implement the programme throughout India. The lessons learnt and impact study done by third party agencies have also been highlighted.
A model for a positive youth development intervention

Modern-day life necessitates the application of interventions to facilitate the development of the youth in a more positive trajectory. Lacunae in the Positive Youth Development (PYD) paradigm include, inter alia, the lack of integration between theory and application and a lack of exposition of the processes underlying developmental change in the youth. The aim of this study was to develop a theoretical model to facilitate the development of youth in early adolescence. The proposed model builds on existing models, namely the Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory and the Selection Optimization and Compensation (SOC) model. A review of the literature on the PYD paradigm and other areas of psychology with a similar strength-based focus, yielded theory which could be used to expand on the basic framework. The resulting Positive Youth Development Intervention model (PYDI) is described with reference to meta-theoretical assumptions, theoretical hypotheses, and constructs referring to phenomena and processes to be facilitated on an empirical level. This model can be operationalised to develop an intervention which can then be evaluated, thereby contributing to bridging theory and application in PYD.
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutations are they Related to Breast Cancer in a Sample of Tunisian Population

Mutations in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes account for varying proportions of breast cancer families studied, and demonstrate considerable variation in mutational spectra coincident with ethnic and geographical diversity. This work aimed to identify mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes to explore the existence of population-specific recurrent or founder mutations, in Tunisian breast cancer families. We have screened for germline mutations in seventeen Tunisian high-risk breast cancer patients using direct sequencing. Index patients, diagnosed before age 45, possessing a positive family history or bilateral breast cancer were asked for detailed information on family history of breast or any other cancer type in their families. One family out of 17 (6%) carried BRCA 1 mutations and no BRCA2 mutations was found. One recurrent mutation in BRCA 1 was identified, c.798-799delTT, which appear to represent founder mutation in this population. Thirty-one variants were considered of unknown clinical significance according to BIC and UMD-BRCA1/BRCA2 databases.
RAPID ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST BASED ON THE MICROFLUIDIC AGAROSE CHANNEL WITH SINGLE CELL IMAGING PROCESS

These days the most widely used methods for Antibiotics Susceptibility Test (AST) are the micro-dilution method for liquid condition and the disk diffusion method for solid condition. Using the micro-dilution method, automated AST systems have been developed. The system consume relatively large amount of bacteria and test time because it measures optical density (OD) for bacterial growth to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of relevant antibiotics. We have invented a new microfluidic channel system for AST to reduce both amount of bacteria and test time dramatically. The agarose based microfulidic channel system fixes bacterial cell and tracks single cell growth to reduce AST assay time and to determine MICs of antibiotics. In this system, the conventional laboratory bacteria and four standard bacteria of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) were tested with several kinds of antibiotics to determine the MIC values. The obtained MIC values were confirmed using the conventional method (micro-dilution method) and also compared with the MIC data from CLSI. As a result, this system showed no different MIC values from conventional systems and innovatively reduced assay time and amounts of medium, antibiotics and bacterial cells for MIC determination
Tropomyosin isoforms support actomyosin biogenesis to generate contractile tension at the epithelial zonula adherens

Epithelial cells generate contractile forces at their cell–cell contacts. These are concentrated at the specialized apical junction of the zonula adherens (ZA), where a ring of stabilized E‐cadherin lies adjacent to prominent actomyosin bundles. Coupling of adhesion and actomyosin contractility yields tension in the junction. The biogenesis of junctional contractility requires actin assembly at the ZA as well as the recruitment of nonmuscle myosin II, but the molecular regulators of these processes are not yet fully understood. We now report a role for tropomyosins 5NM1 (Tm5NM1) and 5NM2 (Tm5NM2) in their generation. Both these tropomyosin isoforms were found at the ZA and their depletion by RNAi or pharmacological inhibition reduced both F‐actin and myosin II content at the junction. Photoactivation analysis revealed that the loss of F‐actin was attributable to a decrease in filament stability. These changes were accompanied by a decrease in E‐cadherin content at junctions. Ultimately, both long‐term depletion of Tm5NM1/2 and acute inhibition with drugs caused junctional tension to be reduced. Thus these tropomyosin isoforms are novel contributors to junctional contractility and integrity. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Compression entropy contributes to risk stratification in patients with cardiomyopathy / Kompressionsentropie zur verbesserten Risikostratifizierung bei Patienten mit DCM

Abstract Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of mortality with an incidence of 3 million cases per year worldwide. Therapies for patients who have survived an SCD episode or have a high risk of developing lethal ventricular arrhythmia are well established and depend mainly on risk stratification. In this study we investigated the suitability of the non-linear measure compression entropy (H C) for improved risk prediction in cardiac patients. We recorded 24-h Holter ECG for 300 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). During a mean follow-up period of 12 months, 32 patients died due to a cardiac event. H C depends on the compression parameters window length w and buffer length b, which were optimised by analysing a subgroup of patients. Compression entropies based on the beat-to-beat interval (BBI) were subsequently calculated and compared with standard heart-rate variability parameters. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between high- and low-risk CHF patients in standard HRV measures, as well as compression entropy based on the BBI (cardiac death, p=0.005; SCD, p=0.02). In conclusion, the implementation of non-linear compression entropy analysis in multivariate analysis seems to be useful for enhanced risk stratification of cardiac death, especially SCD, in ischaemic cardiomyopathy patients. Der plötzliche Herztod (SCD) ist die Haupttodesursache weltweit (3 Millionen Fälle/Jahr). Moderne Methoden zur Therapie und Prävention des SCD sind abhängig von der Erkennung der Hochrisikopatienten. Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung der Eignung des nichtlinearen Parameters der Kompressionsentropie (H C) zur Risikostratifizierung bei ischämischer Herzinsuffizienz (CHF). Von 300 CHF-Patienten wurden 24-h Holter-EKGs im Rahmen einer spanischen Multicenter-Studie (MUSIC) aufgezeichnet. Innerhalb der anschließenden Follow-up-Phase (12 Monate) verstarben 32 Patienten aufgrund eines kardialen Ereignisses (Hochrisikogruppe). Mittels einer Patientenuntergruppe wurden die in die H C-Analyse eingehenden Parameter Fenster- und Bufferlänge optimiert. Zusätzlich zu der Berechnung von H C wurden die Standardparameter der Herzfrequenzvariabilität (HRV) bestimmt. Die statistische Analyse zeigte signifikante Unterschiede zwischen CHF-Patienten mit hohem und niedrigem Risiko in den Standardparametern der HRV (kardialer Tod: p=0,02; SCD: p=0,04) sowie Parametern der H C (kardialer Tod: p=0,005; SCD: p=0,02). Diese Ergebnisse zeigen die prinzipielle Eignung der H C für die Risikoanalyse des kardialen Todes insbesondere des plötzlichen Herztodes bei Patienten mit ischämischer Kardiomyopathie. Durch eine anschließende multivariate Analyse dieses nichtlinearen Parameters soll die Verbesserung der Ergebnisse bezüglich Sensitivität und Spezifität bestätigt werden.