Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stress and Depressive Symptoms Prospectively Predict Immune Change among HIV-Seropositive Men.

LIFE stress, mood, and other psychosocial factors may help to explain variability in HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) disease progression. Attempts to support this notion empirically have produced mixed findings; several studies report a positive relationship between psychosocial factors and various indicators of disease progression or immune function (e.g., Evans et al. 1992; Goodkin et. al. 1992), whereas others have failed to detect any association (e.g., Perry et. al. 1992).
Deponency in Latin

* We owe thanks to many people who helped with this project. First is October Dow, who did the original manual tagging of the deponent verbs in the Oxford Latin Dictionary. Richard Larson spent a good deal of time discussing our semantic findings with us. Philip Baldi, Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, Alice Harris, Beth Levin, and Martin Maiden provided very quick feedback on an earlier draft of this work, for which we are grateful. This work was presented at Stony Brook University and the Deponency Workshop in London, which generously supported the attendance of the first author at the meeting. We thank all those who provided comments on those occasions. Latin deponent verbs provide one of the oldest topics in the Western grammatical tradition and we are grateful to all those scholars who have devoted themselves to this rich area of study over the last two millenia.
Facial and Verbal Measures of Children ’ s Emotions and Empathy

Funding for this research was provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. We would like to express our thanks to the parents and children who participated in this project, and to Marianne Schroeder for her valuable assistance in data collection and anlaysis, and her help on an earlier draft of this paper. Parts of this paper were presented at meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1993. Requests for reprints should be sent to Dr. Janet Strayer, Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C. V5A 1S6, Canada.
) Petromyzon marinus ( Genetic compatibility and hatching success in the sea lamprey

References http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/5/2/286.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 24 articles, 3 of which can be accessed free Subject collections (539 articles) evolution  (465 articles) ecology  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the top
Mitochondrial Proteome of Affected Glutamatergic Neurons in a Mouse Model of Leigh Syndrome

Defects in mitochondrial function lead to severe neuromuscular orphan pathologies known as mitochondrial disease. Among them, Leigh Syndrome is the most common pediatric presentation, characterized by symmetrical brain lesions, hypotonia, motor and respiratory deficits, and premature death. Mitochondrial diseases are characterized by a marked anatomical and cellular specificity. However, the molecular determinants for this susceptibility are currently unknown, hindering the efforts to find an effective treatment. Due to the complex crosstalk between mitochondria and their supporting cell, strategies to assess the underlying alterations in affected cell types in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction are critical. Here, we developed a novel virus-based tool, the AAV-mitoTag viral vector, to isolate mitochondria from genetically defined cell types. Expression of the AAV-mitoTag in the glutamatergic vestibular neurons of a mouse model of Leigh Syndrome lacking the complex I subunit Ndufs4 allowed us to assess the proteome and acetylome of a subset of susceptible neurons in a well characterized model recapitulating the human disease. Our results show a marked reduction of complex I N-module subunit abundance and an increase in the levels of the assembly factor NDUFA2. Transiently associated non-mitochondrial proteins such as PKCδ, and the complement subcomponent C1Q were also increased in Ndufs4-deficient mitochondria. Furthermore, lack of Ndufs4 induced ATP synthase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) subunit hyperacetylation, leading to decreased PDH activity. We provide novel insight on the pathways involved in mitochondrial disease, which could underlie potential therapeutic approaches for these pathologies.
Modeling of mesencephalic locomotor region for Nao humanoid robot

– The purpose of this paper is to model a motor region named the mesencephalic locomotors region (MLR) which is located in the end part of the brain and first part of the spinal cord. This model will be used for a Nao soccer player humanoid robot. It consists of three main parts: High Level Decision Unit (HLDU), MLR‐Learner and the CPG layer. The authors focus on a special type of decision making named curvilinear walking. , – The authors' model is based on stimulation of some programmable central pattern generators (PCPGs) to generate curvilinear bipedal walking patterns. PCPGs are made from adaptive Hopfs oscillators. High level decision, i.e. curvilinear bipedal walking, will be formulated as a policy gradient learning problem over some free parameters of the robot CPG controller. , – The paper provides a basic model for generating different types of motions in humanoid robots using only simple stimulation of a CPG layer. A suitable and fast curvilinear walk has been achieved on a Nao humanoid robot, which is similar to human ordinary walking. This model can be extended and used in other types of humanoid. , – The authors' work is limited to a special type of biped locomotion. Different types of other motions are encouraged to be tested and evaluated by this model. , – The paper introduces a bio‐inspired model of skill learning for humanoid robots. It is used for curvilinear bipedal walking pattern, which is a beneficial movement in soccer‐playing Nao robots in Robocup competitions. , – The paper uses a new biological motor concept in artificial humanoid robots, which is the mesencephalic locomotor region.
Validation of the Impact of Event Scale With Modifications for COVID-19 (IES-COVID19)

Viral outbreaks can be experienced as disruptive and can be associated with trauma-related stress symptoms. In the current study, we adjusted the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale (IES) to assess traumatic stress symptoms related to the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. The psychometric properties of this Impact of Event Scale with modifications for COVID-19 (IES-COVID19) were investigated by administering the IES-COVID19 to 380 university students who participated during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak, upon invitation via e-mail. Using confirmatory factor analysis, the factor structure of the IES-COVID19 was found to be similar to the original IES, indicating two latent factors: intrusion and avoidance, χ2(85) = 147.51, CFI = . 92, TLI = . 90, RMSEA = . 044, SRMR = . 049. Cronbach’s alpha showed acceptable internal consistency of the total IES-COVID19, α = . 75. Pearson’s correlations of the IES-COVID19 over time were also sufficient, demonstrating adequate test–retest reliability, r = . 62. Significant correlations (ranging between .15 and .50) between the IES-COVID19 and symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, stress-related rumination, as well as negative social interactions, demonstrate adequate convergent validity. Overall, the IES-COVID19 shows to be a valid and reliable measure that can be utilized to investigate trauma-related stress symptoms of intrusion and avoidance related to the short- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 outbreak.
The 4D Space-Time Dimensions of Facial Perception

Facial information is a powerful channel for human-to-human communication. Characteristically, faces can be defined as biological objects that are four-dimensional (4D) patterns, whereby they have concurrently a spatial structure and surface as well as temporal dynamics. The spatial characteristics of facial objects contain a volume and surface in three dimensions (3D), namely breadth, height and importantly, depth. The temporal properties of facial objects are defined by how a 3D facial structure and surface evolves dynamically over time; where time is referred to as the fourth dimension (4D). Our entire perception of another’s face, whether it be social, affective or cognitive perceptions, is therefore built on a combination of 3D and 4D visual cues. Counterintuitively, over the past few decades of experimental research in psychology, facial stimuli have largely been captured, reproduced and presented to participants with two dimensions (2D), while remaining largely static. The following review aims to advance and update facial researchers, on the recent revolution in computer-generated, realistic 4D facial models produced from real-life human subjects. We delve in-depth to summarize recent studies which have utilized facial stimuli that possess 3D structural and surface cues (geometry, surface and depth) and 4D temporal cues (3D structure + dynamic viewpoint and movement). In sum, we have found that higher-order perceptions such as identity, gender, ethnicity, emotion and personality, are critically influenced by 4D characteristics. In future, it is recommended that facial stimuli incorporate the 4D space-time perspective with the proposed time-resolved methods.
Prosody in Italian particle verbs: A preliminary study

In this study we investigate the prosody of Italian Particle Verbs (henceforth, PrtV's). After comparing two alternative hypotheses about the prosodic constituent PrtV's correspond to, we concentrate on three rules of Italian phonology that differ in their domain of application: the phonological word (ω) vs. the phonological phrase (φ). We then report on a production experiment carried out with 2 speakers of Central-Southern Italian and 3 speakers of Northern Italian. By concentrating on the phonetic correlate of duration, we provide experimental evidence that V and Prt cannot be mapped onto a single ω but can be mapped onto a single φ.
Phase-plane analysis of rational harmonic mode-locking in an erbium-doped fiber ring laser

We investigate the system performance of rational harmonic mode-locking in an erbium-doped fiber ring laser using the phase-plane technique of the nonlinear control engineering. Contributions from harmonic distortion, a Gaussian-like modulating signal, and its duty cycle to the system behavior are studied. We also demonstrate 660/spl times/ and 1230/spl times/ repetition rate multiplications on a 100-MHz pulse train generated from an active harmonically mode-locked fiber ring laser, and we hence achieve 66- and 123-GHz pulse operations by using the above-mentioned technique. It has been found out that the maximum obtainable rational harmonic order is limited by the harmonic distortion of the system as well as the pulse width of the generated signal, which in turn is determined by the duty cycle of the modulating signal. Furthermore, the rational harmonic order increases the complexity of the pulse formation process and hence challenges its stability.
Comparisons of Polymeric and Conventional Coagulants in Arsenic(V) Removal

The removal of arsenic(V) from water was investigated under various coagulation conditions and compared to a variety of coagulation agents, including polymeric ferric chloride, polymeric ferric sulfate, polymeric aluminum chloride, polymeric aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, aluminum chloride, and aluminum sulfate. Coagulation conditions evaluated include pH, temperature, type of coagulant, the addition of a coagulation aid, and initial arsenic(V) concentration. Results indicated that the arsenic removal efficiencies of polymeric coagulants were typically 10 to approximately 20% higher than those of their conventional coagulant counterparts.
Optical mapping of the electrical activity of isolated adult zebrafish hearts: acute effects of temperature.

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as an important model for developmental cardiovascular (CV) biology; however, little is known about the cardiac function of the adult zebrafish enabling it to be used as a model of teleost CV biology. Here, we describe electrophysiological parameters, such as heart rate (HR), action potential duration (APD), and atrioventricular (AV) delay, in the zebrafish heart over a range of physiological temperatures (18-28°C). Hearts were isolated and incubated in a potentiometric dye, RH-237, enabling electrical activity assessment in several distinct regions of the heart simultaneously. Integration of a rapid thermoelectric cooling system facilitated the investigation of acute changes in temperature on critical electrophysiological parameters in the zebrafish heart. While intrinsic HR varied considerably between fish, the ex vivo preparation exhibited impressively stable HRs and sinus rhythm for more than 5 h, with a mean HR of 158 ± 9 bpm (means ± SE; n = 20) at 28°C. Atrial and ventricular APDs at 50% repolarization (APD50) were 33 ± 1 ms and 98 ± 2 ms, respectively. Excitation originated in the atrium, and there was an AV delay of 61 ± 3 ms prior to activation of the ventricle at 28°C. APD and AV delay varied between hearts beating at unique HRs; however, APD and AV delay did not appear to be statistically dependent on intrinsic basal HR, likely due to the innate beat-to-beat variability within each heart. As hearts were cooled to 18°C (by 1°C increments), HR decreased by ~40%, and atrial and ventricular APD50 increased by a factor of ~3 and 2, respectively. The increase in APD with cooling was disproportionate at different levels of repolarization, indicating unique temperature sensitivities for ion currents at different phases of the action potential. The effect of temperature was more apparent at lower levels of repolarization and, as a whole, the atrial APD was the cardiac parameter most affected by acute temperature change. In conclusion, this study describes a preparation enabling the in-depth analysis of transmembrane potential dynamics in whole zebrafish hearts. Because the zebrafish offers some critical advantages over the murine model for cardiac electrophysiology, optical mapping studies utilizing zebrafish offer insightful information into the understanding and treatment of human cardiac arrhythmias, as well as serving as a model for other teleosts.
Combination of Extended Donor Criteria and Changes in the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score Predict Patient Survival and Primary Dysfunction in Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis

Background. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of extended donor criteria (EDC) and of changes in the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score while waiting for liver-transplantation (&Dgr;-MELD) on patient survival and initial graft function. Methods. We included 386 consecutive patients with end-stage liver disease who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation at the Medical University Vienna between 1997 and 2003. Primary outcome was patient survival and secondary outcome was initial graft function. EDC included: age >60 years, >4 days intensive medical care, cold ischemia time >10 hr, need for noradrenalin >0.2 &mgr;g/kg/min or doputamin >6 &mgr;g/kg/min, a donor peak serum sodium >155 mEq/L, a donor serum creatinine >1.2 mg/100 mL, and a body mass index >30. Results. &Dgr;-MELD was significantly higher in the nonsurvivor population (P=0.01) and EDC showed a significant influence on initial graft function (P=0.01). Worsening in either &Dgr;-MELD or the presence of at least two EDC was not associated with an increased risk of primary graft dysfunction and death. Worsening in &Dgr;-MELD and the presence of at least two EDC was significantly associated with primary graft dysfunction (P=0.01) and death (P=0.008). Conclusion. The combination of a liver recipient with worsening &Dgr;-MELD and a potential donor with at least two EDC should be avoided.
Semi arid browse forages: Their antinutritive substances and in sacco neutral detergent fibre and organic matter degradability

Three ruminally cannulated bulls were used to determine variations in dry matter (DM) degradability of forage consumed by ruminants in the semi-arid region of north Nigeria. Organic matter and crude protein (CP) contents were higher (P< 0·05) in all the browse forages. Higher numerical values of neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and cellulose were recorded. Condensed tannin varied from 0.08 mg/g DM in Kigalia africana to 0.41 mg/g DM in Maerua angolensis. A range of 0.24 mg/g DM in Olea hochstteteri to 0.48 mg/g in Khaya senegalensis was obtained for phenolic. Saponin content of the experimental leaves range from 1.08 mg/g DM in Poupartia sirrea to 2.95 mg/g DM in Garderna sokotensis. Oxalate in the browses used ranged from 4.59 mg/g DM in Maerua angolensis to 8.14 mg/g DM in Olea hochstteteri. The highest value of 5.81 mg/g DM was obtained in Khaya senegalensis while Olea hochstteteri had the lowest value of 2.02 mg/g DM for Phytic acid in the browses studied. The hydrogen cyanide and Fluoroacetate are generally low in all the browse samples studied. The result showed no significant difference among the browse forages.NDF degradability after 24 and 48 h of ruminal incubation were higher (P< 0·05) in all the browses. Higher values (P< 0·05) in DM bag losses at zero time ('a' fraction) were high for the browses. The insoluble but fermentable NDF ('b' fractions) were low (P< 0·05) among browse forages. Numerically lower values of NDF 'c' fraction were found in browses except for Kigalia africana, whereas NDF potential degradability were higher (P< 0·05) in all the experimental leaves. High (P< 0·05) contents of CP in the browse forages, NDF degradability after 48 h of ruminal incubation, and a+b, were observed in the browse leaves. Thus, these results may be related to both the better feeding value of forage consumed by the animals and better performance of livestock during in these areas. Then, the NDF degradability after 48 h, together with the soluble fraction 'a' and insoluble but fermentable fraction 'b' and the c fraction permit the nutritive value of the forage consumed by grazing goats to be accurately described. The rate of OM disappearance was highest for Garderner sokotensis 97.20% though the values were generally high for all the browse forages studied. The soluble fraction 'a', rate of degradation 'c' and effective degradability 'ED' were generally low for all the browse forages while the insoluble but degradable fraction 'b' and potential degradability a+b were high for all the browse forages. Base on these findings, it can be concluded that the browse forages are of good nutritive value and can be use as supplement.
From Synaptic Dysfunction to Neuroprotective Strategies in Genetic Parkinson’s Disease: Lessons From LRRK2

The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is thought to rely on a complex interaction between the patient’s genetic background and a variety of largely unknown environmental factors. In this scenario, the investigation of the genetic bases underlying familial PD could unveil key molecular pathways to be targeted by new disease-modifying therapies, still currently unavailable. Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene are responsible for the majority of inherited familial PD cases and can also be found in sporadic PD, but the pathophysiological functions of LRRK2 have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we will review the evidence obtained in transgenic LRRK2 experimental models, characterized by altered striatal synaptic transmission, mitochondrial dysfunction, and α-synuclein aggregation. Interestingly, the processes triggered by mutant LRRK2 might represent early pathological phenomena in the pathogenesis of PD, anticipating the typical neurodegenerative features characterizing the late phases of the disease. A comprehensive view of LRRK2 neuronal pathophysiology will support the possible clinical application of pharmacological compounds targeting this protein, with potential therapeutic implications for patients suffering from both familial and sporadic PD.
Regression of Plaque Enhancement Within Symptomatic Middle Cerebral Artery Atherosclerosis: A High-Resolution MRI Study

Objective: Contrast enhancement is a vital feature of the intracranial atherosclerotic plaque on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI), but its clinical significance is still unclear. We aimed to quantitatively assess plaque enhancement patterns in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study by prospectively recruiting stroke or transient ischemic attack patients with >30% of MCA stenosis of either side. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced HRMRI scans. Enrolled patients were classified into acute phase (<4 weeks), subacute phase (4–12 weeks) and chronic phase (>12 weeks) groups based on the time interval from stroke onset to imaging scan. Plaque enhancement index was calculated for each MCA lesion at the maximal narrowing site. Results: We identified a total of 89 MCA plaques [53 (60%) symptomatic and 36 (40%) asymptomatic; 57 (64%) acute, 18 (20%) subacute and 14 (16%) chronic] in 58 patients on HRMRI. Among the acute lesions, symptomatic plaques had a significantly stronger plaque enhancement than asymptomatic plaques (symptomatic vs. asymptomatic: 38.9 ± 18.2 vs. 18.2 ± 16.2, p < 0.001). Among the symptomatic lesions, plaque enhancement diminished with increasing time after stroke onset (38.9 ± 18.2, 22.0 ± 22.8, and 5.0 ± 10.1 for acute, subacute, and chronic phase, respectively; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Plaque enhancement in the acute atherosclerotic plaque is closely related to recent ischemic events. In symptomatic atherosclerosis, plaque enhancement regresses over time after ischemic stroke, which may offer the potential to monitor the plaque activity in intracranial atherosclerosis using HRMRI.
40 Gb/s VCSEL driver IC with a new output current and pre-emphasis adjustment method

Design of a 40 Gb/s VCSEL driver IC capable of providing up to 10mA current to common-cathode VCSELs is presented. Using low-power bandwidth enhancement techniques, a prototype IC is successfully developed in 180-GHz SiGe BiCMOS technology. Measured results show 34 GHz of bandwidth, open eye diagram with rise/fall time below 10 ps, and power dissipation of 130 mW.