Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A conversation with Terence Hutchison

The pigeonholing of Hutchison's methodology as positivist, ultra-empiricist or Popperian has militated against a full appreciation of his more complex position. In this as-verbatim-as-possible account of an afternoon's discussion with Hutchison, it is the directly personal manner in which we gain insights, rather than simply the insights themselves, that we hope will help towards a re-assessment. We learn of his non-positivist view that economics is an empirical-historical discipline distinct from the natural sciences; and his rejection of Popper's view that prediction in economics can and should be based on laws like the law of gravity. We hear of his wariness of relying on the hypothetico-deductivist methods of Popper and later positivists in a subject such as economics, and his support instead for the methodological views of Jacob Viner and the inductive methods associated with the historically and institutionally detailed approaches of Cliffe Leslie, Wesley Clair Mitchell and Henry Phelps Brown.
If It Doesn't Directly Affect You, You Don't Think About It’: a qualitative study of young people's environmental attitudes in two Australian cities

SUMMARY This article presents a range of findbigs from a qualitative study of the environmental attitudes of young people across their final 2 years of secondary school in the two Australian cities of Melbourne and Brisbane. Focus groups comprising the same 16‐ to 17‐year‐old students in 12 schools were interviewed twice, 12 months apart. Several minor differences were found in the attitudes of students between the two cities, but these pale alongside the common, indeed, overwhelming feelings of environmental concern mixed with frustration, cynicism and action paralysis that were reported. The ambivalence towards the environment that results, together with the individualistic frameworks for explaining environmental issues that were displayed, point to areas for renewed curriculum attention in secondary schools and directions for future research.
Responsible Gambling Features of Card-Based Technologies

There is broad support from many sectors of the gambling industry in NSW Australia for account or card-based gambling systems. Some proponents are cautiously optimistic: they suggest that, given the technology has the potential to assist players manage their spending, promoting use of the technology is justified. Others suggest that players are generally reticent to use the system, and advocate incentives and rewards to overcome this. This paper presents a selection of the findings of a wider study into the factors affecting the provision and acceptance of cashless technologies in NSW. A questionnaire was administered to 134 patrons of two large NSW clubs that have implemented card-based technologies. Those items that measured features of the technology that have been suggested by key industry stakeholders as potential responsible gambling tools are identified, and the consumer response to those items is discussed.
Age Related Changes in Fractional Elimination Pathways for Drugs: Assessing the Impact of Variable Ontogeny on Metabolic Drug–Drug Interactions

The magnitude of any metabolic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) depends on fractional importance of inhibited pathway which may not necessarily be the same in young children when compared to adults. The ontogeny pattern of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYPs 1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C18/19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4) and renal function were analyzed systematically. Bootstrap methodology was used to account for variability, and to define the age range over which statistical differences existed between each pair of specific pathways. A number of DDIs were simulated (Simcyp Pediatric v12) for virtual compounds to highlight effects of age on fractional elimination and consequent magnitude of DDI. For a theoretical drug metabolized 50% by each of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 pathways at birth, co‐administration of ketoconazole (3 mg/kg) resulted in a 1.65‐fold difference between inhibited versus uninhibited AUC compared to 2.4‐fold in 1 year olds and 3.2‐fold in adults. Conversely, neonates could be more sensitive to DDI than adults in certain scenarios. Thus, extrapolation from adult data may not be applicable across all pediatric age groups. The use of pediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic (p‐PBPK) models may offer an interim solution to uncovering potential periods of vulnerability to DDI where there are no existing clinical data derived from children.
Validation of a Norwegian version of SURgical PAtient Safety System (SURPASS) in combination with the World Health Organizations’ Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC)

Introduction Surgical safety checklists may contribute to reduction of complications and mortality. The WHO’s Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC) could prevent incidents in operating theatres, but errors also occur before and after surgery. The SURgical PAtient Safety System (SURPASS) is designed to intercept errors with use of checklists throughout the surgical pathway. Objective We aimed to validate a Norwegian version of the SURPASS’ preoperative and postoperative checklists for use in combination with the already established Sign In, Time Out and Sign Out parts of the WHO SSC. Methods and materials The validation of the SURPASS checklists content followed WHOs recommended guidelines. The process consisted of six steps: forward translation; testing the content; focus groups; expert panels; back translation; and approval of the final version. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify codes and categories for adaption of the SURPASS checklist items throughout Norwegian surgical care. Content validity index (CVI) was used by expert panels to score the relevance of each checklist item. The study was carried out in a neurosurgical ward in a large tertiary teaching hospital in Norway. Results Testing the preoperative and postoperative SURPASS checklists was performed in 29 neurosurgical procedures. This involved all professional groups in the entire surgical patient care pathway. Eight clinical focus groups revealed two main categories: ‘Adapt the wording to fit clinical practice’ and ‘The checklist items challenge existing workflow’. Interprofessional scoring of the content validity of the checklists reached >80% for all the SURPASS checklists. Conclusions The first version of the SURPASS checklists combined with the WHO SSC was validated for use in Norwegian surgical care with face validity confirmed and CVI >0.80%. Trial registration number NCT01872195.
Understanding How Adolescents with Reading Difficulties Utilize Technology-Based Tools

This article reports the findings from a study that examined how adolescent students with reading difficulties utilized cognitive tools that were embedded in a technology-based middle school science curriculum. The curriculum contained salient features of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) theoretical framework. Sixteen general education teachers implemented the curriculum in 62 inclusive classrooms. Students' (N = 1153) tool use was monitored throughout the four-week curriculum to determine if there was a relationship between students' reading ability, use of cognitive tools, and their comprehension of scientific concepts and processes. Students were grouped into three reading ability levels based on their performance on a standardized reading test. Findings from this study indicate that students who scored below the 50th percentile on the reading assessment utilized and benefited from the tools in highly similar ways. Implications and recommendations for instructional design research and practice are discussed.
Hybrid method inference for the construction of cooperative regulatory network in human

Reconstruction of large scale gene regulatory networks (GRNs in the following) is an important step for understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms within the cell. Many modeling approaches have been introduced to find the causal relationship between genes using expression data. However, they have been suffering from high dimensionality-large number of genes but a small number of samples, overfitting, heavy computation time and low interpretability. We have previously proposed an algorithm LICORN, which uses the discrete expression data to find cooperative regulation relationships that are out of the scope of most GRN inference methods. However, as many other methods, LICORN suffers from a large number of false positives. We propose here a hybrid inference method H-Licorn that combines Licorn with a numerical selection step, expressed as a linear regression problem, that effectively complements the discrete search of Licorn. We evaluate a bootstrapped version of H-LICORN on the in silico DREAM5 dataset and show that H-LICORN has significantly higher performance than LICORN, and is competitive or outperforms state of the art GRN inference algorithms, especially when operating on small data sets. We also applied H-LICORN on a real dataset of human bladder cancer and show that it performs better than other methods in finding candidate regulatory interactions. In particular, solely based on gene expression data, H-LICORN is able to identify experimentally validated regulator cooperative relationships involved in cancer.
Optimizing combinatorial library construction via split synthesis

Combinatorial chemistry is one of the most exciting recent developments in drug discovery, the foundations of which rest on the systematic synthesis and screening of large libraries of small molecules. In the standard one-bead, onecompound approach [ll] to combinatorial chemistry, a large number of distinct small molecules are fabricated on distinct resin beads. These beads are reacted against a target to establish which beads contain biologically active agents. The compound associated with a positively-reacting bead can then be identified via sequencing or indirect coding methods. The adjective “combinatorial” in “combinatorial chemistry” refers to the lar e the order of 10’ to Q number of distinct molecules (on 10 ) which can simultaneously be assayed. Unfortunately, the combinatorial explosion ensures that desired screening libraries quickly exceed this bound. For example, full libraries of all I-peptides cannot be fabricated for 1 > 6, since there are 20’ distinct molecules containing 1 sno acid residues. In response, techniques for constructing representatives for all of a simple set of motifs have been developed using random synthesis steps [ll]. However, the sophistication and hence effectiveness of such libraries is limited by the difficulty of designing cost-effective synthesis strategies. In this paper, we propose a new algorithmicly-intensive optimized split-synthesis technology for fabricating combinatorial chemistry libraries and evaluate its potential through extensive simulation. We believe our methods hold promise in synthesizing libraries which are (1) too large to reasonably employ sequential synthesizers (say greater than 50 distinct molecules), (2) too long or irregular for conventional splitsynthesis generation techniques [ll], and (3) not used in production quantities-thus making array-based synthesis techniques [4] economically unviable. Split synthesis, developed independently by Furka [5] and Lam [9], is the method of choice to build libraries for combinatorial chemistry. The basis of this technology is that molecules can be grown with one end tethered to a resin bead, while the other end is extended one residue at time in parallel across a set of beads.
User Intervention Based Detection &amp; Removal of Cracks from Digitized Paintings

An user intervention based advanced technique for the detection and elimination of cracks in digitized paintings and images is proposed in this paper. Usually cracks degrade the quality of painting as well as authenticity of painting becomes questionable. In the proposed method the cracks are detected by thresholding the result of the morphological top-hat transform. Further, misidentified cracks are detected either by involving user intervention or by using a semi-automatic procedure based on region growing technique. Finally, crack interpolation also called crack filling is performed using order statistics filters so as to restore the cracked image. The true positive rate and false positive rate are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique. We collected 2000 paintings & images classified as cracked and uncracked online digital art database for experimental purpose. The result shows achievement of true positive rate of about 98.3% at the rate of 0.1 false positive per image. This is because of providing user intervention during module called identifying mis-identified cracks.
Stylometric Linkability of Tweets

Microblogging is a very popular Internet activity that informs and entertains a large number of people via terse messages; e.g., tweets on Twitter. Even though microblogging does not emphasize privacy, authors can easily hide behind pseudonyms and multiple accounts on the same, or across multiple, site(s). In this paper, we explore stylometric linkability of tweets. Our results clearly demonstrate that multiple sets of tweets by the same author are easily linkable even when the number of possible authors is large. This is also confirmed by showing that linkability holds for a set of actual Twitter users who admittedly tweet via multiple accounts.
AmbientVR : Blending IoT Interaction Capabilities with Web-based Virtual Reality

Emerging frameworks for Web-based Virtual Reality (WebVR) enable developers to easily create VR applications that can be experienced using a smart-phone, mobile web browser and a low-cost headset. Although WebVR has great promise, the limited input and output capabilities afforded by modern web browsers prevents user interaction with external VR controllers, precision hand tracking sensors and room-based user positioning devices. In this paper, we present AmbientVR, an open framework for blending a broad range of sensing, interaction and control capabilities with WebVR applications executing in unmodified mobile web browsers. The approach is able to discover compatible input/output devices within the user’s environment and integrate their capabilities into the browser on-demand, allowing users an added degree of control within the VR world. In addition to sensors, AmbientVR can also discover and integrate a broad range of Internet of Things controllers and actuators, making it possible to created hybrid IoT/VR applications that can be deployed without needing to download and install an application. In this paper, we present a detailed overview of the AmbientVR framework, introduce a fully functional WebVR prototype, and present a performance evaluation demonstrating that our approach imposes low processing and memory overhead, making it suitable for deployment on many commodity mobile devices. ACM Classification
The landscape of time in literary reception: Character experience and narrative action

Abstract This experiment examined responses to excerpted episodes from short stories that either focused on action or on the experiences of the characters. The effects of instructional sets to approach the texts from the viewpoint of subjective involvement or objective detachment were also studied. The two story types and two reading sets were factorially combined in a within-subjects design. Scale ratings of the story excerpts and reading times (syllables per second) were measured. A total of subjects (20 males and 20 females) read six segments from each of the episodes as quickly and accurately as possible. Pretest data were obtained for each segment indicating how much it “provided insight into the characters' experiences”, and its level of suspense and surprise. Segments which “provided in sight” were read more slowly, whereas surprising segments were read more quickly. Under the Subjective Set, subjects slowed the pace of reading if they judged the text to be “rich in meaning about life”. For the Obj.
Addressing Racialized Multicultural Discourses in an EAP Textbook: Working Toward a Critical Pedagogies Approach

Racialized multicultural discourses emerge in the TESOL classroom via textbook representations of immigrant success stories and perceived racial and cultural differences among students. Although liberal multicultural discourses may be well intentioned, these discourses warrant closer examination for the ways in which they can essentialize cultural identities and enact power dynamics of who is defining and who is being defined. Drawing on an ethnographic English for academic purposes (EAP) classroom case study, and with the aim of bridging the gap between critical theories and actual classroom practices, this article explores the approaches an instructor implemented with students in addressing such discourses in an EAP textbook chapter. The article first presents the chapter's passages and then describes how the discourses were initially taken up by the participants. A conversation between the instructor and the author in which the instructor shared a racializing experience is then featured, providing the context for her subsequent approach in which she revisited the reading with students. The author examines the classroom interactions with two questions in mind: How did the instructor's critical pedagogies approach work to mediate the racialized representations in the chapter? Did this approach facilitate more meaningful dialogical engagements enabling the students to develop their academic literacies?
Holding the News Media Accountable: A Study of Media Reporters and Media Critics in the United States

The last decade has witnessed a significant, albeit understudied, increase in media reporting and media criticism in the U.S. news media. An exploratory study of leading media reporters and media critics in the United States indicates that these journalists have considerable potential as instruments of media self-regulation. Their impact on other media professionals, however, is partially left unexploited, mainly because of the peer orientation of media critics and media reporters.
Recurrent Neural Network based Rule Sequence Model for Statistical Machine Translation

The inability to model long-distance dependency has been handicapping SMT for years. Specifically, the context independence assumption makes it hard to capture the dependency between translation rules. In this paper, we introduce a novel recurrent neural network based rule sequence model to incorporate arbitrary long contextual information during estimating probabilities of rule sequences. Moreover, our model frees the translation model from keeping huge and redundant grammars, resulting in more efficient training and decoding. Experimental results show that our method achieves a 0.9 point BLEU gain over the baseline, and a significant reduction in rule table size for both phrase-based and hierarchical phrase-based systems.
Organisational learning and knowledge assets – an essential partnership

Competitive success is governed by an organisation’s ability to develop new knowledge assets that create core competences. While these exist in many forms, organisational learning is an integral feature of any learning organisation that exploits its knowledge resources to generate superior performance. This paper explores the ideas and links between organisational learning and knowledge management, making reference to a number of sectors and companies, and specifically the airline industry, arguing that the culture, structure and infrastructure of an organisation are essential elements that facilitate and nurture learning. As a consequence, core competences are built and developed within the learning organisation which, in turn, contribute to its competitive success.
Chapter X Towards Radical Agent-Oriented Software Engineering Processes Based on AOR Modelling

This chapter proposes a new agent-oriented software engineering process called RAP, which follows the Rational Unified Process (RUP) in many ways, but is based on Agent-Object-Relationship (AOR) modelling instead of object-oriented modelling. The chapter briefly presents the foundational ontology that supports the methodology and introduces the RAP/AOR viewpoint modelling framework. It then describes the modelling from the interaction, information, and behavior aspects of the framework by using a case study of business-to-business electronic commerce. Finally, the chapter describes an implementation approach based on the Model Driven 278 Taveter & Wagner Copyright © 2005, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. Architecture (MDA) and Extended Markup Language (XML). The methodology is aimed at the creation of distributed socio-technical systems consisting of both humans and technical, including software, components that may, in turn, include software agents.
Using enthalpy as a prognostic variable in atmospheric modelling with variable composition

Specific enthalpy emerges from a general form of the internal energy equation as a convenient prognostic thermodynamic variable for atmospheric modelling with variable composition, including models of moist air. This choice presents a general and flexible alternative to the common formalism of virtual temperature employed in most numerical weather prediction and climate models to account for the presence of water vapour and other constituents. The new approach eliminates the need for additional terms in the energy equation, resulting from composition variations along the air‐parcel trajectories and routinely neglected in models. This note presents a derivation of relevant equations from first principles and outlines the changes to existing model codes necessary to accommodate the new formulation. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How Emergent Roles and Structures Create Trust in Hastily Formed Interorganizational Teams

Many activities, from disaster response to project management, require cooperation among people from multiple organizations who initially lack interpersonal relationships and trust. On entering interorganizational settings, preexisting identities and expectations, along with emergent social roles and structures, may all influence trust between colleagues. To sort out these effects, we collected time-lagged data from three cohorts of military MBA students, representing 2,224 directed dyads, shortly after they entered graduate school. Dyads who shared organizational identity, boundary-spanning roles, and similar network positions (structural equivalence) were likely to have stronger professional ties and greater trust.