Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Phylogeography of Two Bitterlings, Tanakia lanceolata and T. limbata (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), in Kyushu and Adjacent Districts of Western Japan, Based on Mitochondrial DNA Analysis

Abstract To understand the geographical patterns of genetic variation in freshwater fishes in western Japan, the genetic structures of populations of Tanakia lanceolata and T. limbata (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) in this area were investigated using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytb sequences. Neighbor-joining trees of mtDNA haplotypes revealed four and three genetically divergent groups inT. lanceolata and T. limbata, respectively. Each group was restricted to one or the other of the geographical regions in the area studied. The patterns of geographical divergence in the two species showed some similarities, which seem to reflect common historical events experienced by freshwater fishes distributed in western Japan. On the other hand, dissimilarities were also found in the patterns, indicating that species-specific historical processes also occurred. Within one region, T. lanceolata was less differentiated than T. limbata, suggesting a difference in the dispersal abilities of the two bitterlings. In addition, several individuals in Kunichika River on Shikoku island were morphologically identified as T. lanceolata but had mtDNA haplotypes of T. limbata. We tentatively suggest that these individuals are hybrids of the two species, but further studies employing nuclear markers are necessary to validate this hypothesis.
Virtual Machine Customization and Task Mapping Architecture for Efficient Allocation of Cloud Data Center Resources

Energy usage of large-scale data centers has become a major concern for cloud providers. There has been an active effort in techniques for the minimization of the energy consumed in the data centers. However, most approaches lack the analysis and application of real cloud backend traces. In existing approaches, the variation of cloud workloads and its effect on the performance of the solutions are not investigated. Furthermore, the focus of existing approaches is on virtual machine migration and placement algorithms, with little regard to tailoring virtualmachine configuration to workload characteristics, which can further reduce the energy consumption and resource wastage in a typical data center. To address these weaknesses and challenges, we propose a new architecture for cloud resource allocation that maps groups of tasks to customized virtual machine types. This mapping is based on the task usage patterns obtained from the analysis of the historical data extracted from utilization traces. In our work, the energy consumption is decreased via efficient resource allocation based on the actual resource usage of tasks. Experimental results show that, when resources are allocated based on the discovered usage patterns, significant energy saving can be achieved.
The Thermal Inertia Characteristics of the System Ocean-Atmosphere

To estimate the time delay between the planetary temperature change and the change of the incoming solar radiation fraction absorbed by the ocean and the atmosphere, the analytical energy balance model is presented. The model generalization allows of using averaged data for model parameterization. Using the model, the time delay is investigated on four model cases of absorbed radiation change. The interconnections among the time delay, the planetary thermal inertia and the ocean active layer depth are established.
Object-Oriented Modeling with Events

Although in the object-oriented paradigm objects play the central role, putting events forward is not in contradiction with current object-oriented practice. Indeed, most object-oriented methods use a state and transition-based formalism to specify behavior such as finite state machines or statecharts [1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8]. In such formalisms the different states of an object are taken as starting point and the transitions describe how objects can go from one state to another. The triggers of these transitions are events.
Invited Paper Special Section on Recent Progress in Radio Propagation Channel Models and Beamforming at Millimeter-wave Frequency Bands

SUMMARY Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radio is attracting attention as one of the key enabling physical layer technologies for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile access and backhaul. This paper aims at clarifying possible roles of mm-wave radio in the 5G development and performing a comprehensive literature survey on mm-wave radio channel modeling essential for the feasibility study. Emphasis in the literature survey is laid on grasping the typical behavior of mm-wave channels, identifying missing features in the presently available channel models for the design and evaluation of the mm-wave radio links within the 5G context, and exemplifying different channel modeling activities through analyses performed in the authors' group. As a key technological element of the mm-wave radios, reduced complexity beamforming is also addressed. Design criteria of the beamforming are developed based on the spatial multipath characteristics of measured indoor mm-wave channels.
Operating Room Fire Prevention: Creating an Electrosurgical Unit Fire Safety Device

Objective:To reduce the incidence of surgical fires. Background:Operating room fires represent a potentially life-threatening hazard and are triggered by the electrosurgical unit (ESU) pencil. Carbon dioxide is a fire suppressant and is a routinely used medical gas. We hypothesize that a shroud of protective carbon dioxide covering the tip of the ESU pencil displaces oxygen, thereby preventing fire ignition. Methods:Using 3-dimensional modeling techniques, a polymer sleeve was created and attached to an ESU pencil. This sleeve was connected to a carbon dioxide source and directed the gas through multiple precisely angled ports, generating a cone of fire-suppressive carbon dioxide surrounding the active pencil tip. This device was evaluated in a flammability test chamber containing 21%, 50%, and 100% oxygen with sustained ESU activation. The sleeve was tested with and without carbon dioxide (control) until a fuel was ignited or 30 seconds elapsed. Time to ignition was measured by high-speed videography. Results:Fires were ignited with each control trial (15/15 trials). The control group median ± SD ignition time in 21% oxygen was 3.0 ± 2.4 seconds, in 50% oxygen was 0.1 ± 1.8 seconds, and in 100% oxygen was 0.03 ± 0.1 seconds. No fire was observed when the fire safety device was used in all concentrations of oxygen (0/15 trials; P < 0.0001). The exact 95% confidence interval for absolute risk reduction of fire ignition was 76% to 100%. Conclusions:A sleeve creating a cone of protective carbon dioxide gas enshrouding the sparks from an ESU pencil effectively prevents fire in a high-flammability model. Clinical application of this device may reduce the incidence of operating room fires.
Power minimization strategies in downlink MIMO-NOMA systems

This paper studies the power minimization problem for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) downlink systems, in which nodes are equipped with multiple antennas. We develop a joint power allocation and receive beamforming algorithm using the fixed-point update power allocation method under two types of channel state information (CSI). Particularly, we first assume that perfect CSI is available for the base station (BS) and the users, where a closed-form expression for every receive detection vector is derived. Then, we consider only channel distribution information (CDI) is known to the BS and the users, where one-dimension search and semi-definite programming (SDP) relaxation are used to derive the receive detection vectors.
The Effects of African American Movement Styles on Teachers' Perceptions and Reactions

This study examined teachers' perceptions of African American males' aggression and achievement and the need for special education services based on African American students' cultural movement styles (i.e., walking). The participants, 136 middle school teachers, viewed a videotape and completed a questionnaire. To study interaction effects between student ethnicity and student movement and teachers' ratings of student achievement, aggression, and need for special education, a completely randomized factorial analysis of variance was employed. The results indicated that the teachers perceived students with African American culture—related movement styles as lower in achievement, higher in aggression, and more likely to need special education services than students with standard movement styles. Implications for research are discussed.
DHTs over Peer Clusters for Distributed Information Retrieval

Distributed hash tables (DHTs) are very efficient for querying based on key lookups, if only a small number of keys has to be registered by each individual peer. However, building huge term indexes, as required for IR-style keyword search, are impractical with plain DHTs. Due to the large sizes of document term vocabularies, joining peers cause huge amounts of key inserts, and subsequently large numbers of index maintenance messages. Thus, the key to exploiting DHTs for distributed information retrieval is to reduce index maintenance. We show that this can be achieved by combining DHTs with peer clustering. Peers are first clustered into communities, each of the communities having a representative super-peer. Then all occurrences of a term in a community are published to the global DHT in a batch by the representative super-peer. Our evaluation shows that this reduces index maintenance cost by an order of magnitude, while still keeping a complete and correct term index for query processing.
Human image segmentation

Instance based human segmentation works on various parameters like labeling of an image at pixel level, partitioning it into distinct instances and the background of the image. The localization, identification and extraction of human image with reliable appearance in a surveillance video are a widely used applications now days. Due to the strong changes in foreground and background and irregularly occurring foreground humans make this problem challenging. The advances in object detection, scene understanding and image co-segmentation, this paper focuses on label and segment human objects. An efficient human instance detector is used to detect exact human objects in the combination with an extended color line model with a poselet-based human detector. It process in three folds one initialization by the human detector, two further enhancement through a generalized geodesic distance transform, and three final refinement with a joint bilateral filter. The integration of the images takes place of the high-level cues from the detector and shape with the low-level. The high-level object cues from the detector and the shape are then integrated with the low-level pixel cues. The mid-level contour cues into a principle CRF framework, which can be efficiently solved by using fast graph cut algorithms.
Hand occlusion on a multi-touch tabletop

We examine the shape of hand and forearm occlusion on a multi-touch table for different touch contact types and tasks. Individuals have characteristic occlusion shapes, but with commonalities across tasks, postures, and handedness. Based on this, we create templates for designers to justify occlusion-related decisions and we propose geometric models capturing the shape of occlusion. A model using diffused illumination captures performed well when augmented with a forearm rectangle, as did a modified circle and rectangle model with ellipse "fingers" suitable when only X-Y contact positions are available. Finally, we describe the corpus of detailed multi-touch input data we generated which is available to the community.
Pet127p, a membrane-associated protein involved in stability and processing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial RNAs

Nuclear mutations that inactivate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene PET127 dramatically increased the levels of mutant COX3 and COX2 mitochondrial mRNAs that were destabilized by mutations in their 5' untranslated leaders. The stabilizing effect of pet127 delta mutations occurred both in the presence and in the absence of translation. In addition, pet127 delta mutations had pleiotropic effects on the stability and 5' end processing of some wild-type mRNAs and the 15S rRNA but produced only a leaky nonrespiratory phenotype at 37 degrees C. Overexpression of PET127 completely blocked respiratory growth and caused cells to lose wild-type mitochondrial DNA, suggesting that too much Pet127p prevents mitochondrial gene expression. Epitope-tagged Pet127p was specifically located in mitochondria and associated with membranes. These findings suggest that Pet127p plays a role in RNA surveillance and/or RNA processing and that these functions may be membrane bound in yeast mitochondria.
Efficacy of low‐dose donepezil for visual hallucinations in a patient with dementia with Lewy bodies

CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS (CHEI) are recommended for cognitive decline and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We present a case relating the efficacy of low-dose donepezil for DLB. The patient was a 74-year-old Japanese woman who showed cognitive decline, visual hallucinations, and delusions over one year. She was previously treated with 1.5 mg/day of haloperidol, 1 mg/day of risperidone and 3–5 mg/day of donepezil. However, she developed parkinsonism with these drugs and the regime was stopped. Subsequently, the visual hallucinations and delusions disappeared without any psychotropic medication. Four months thereafter, visual hallucinations of small animals and delusions of persecution recurred and she was admitted to our medical center. She demonstrated no specific neurological findings including parkinsonism and her score for the mini-mental state examination was 24/30. Initially, she was suspected as having Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and was administered 0.5 mg/day of risperidone and low-dose haloperidol (0.50–0.75 mg/day) for the visual hallucinations and delusions, but she developed significant parkinsonism including arm rigidity and stooped posture. Because she revealed fluctuating cognitive decline and severe neuroleptic sensitivity as well as visual hallucinations, her diagnosis was changed to probable DLB according to the clinical criteria for the diagnosis of DLB. Instead of these drugs, 3 mg/day of donepezil was effective for the visual hallucinations, but parkinsonism appeared. Next, the dose was decreased to 1.5 mg/day and parkinsonism disappeared without recurrence of the visual hallucinations. However, the delusions and fluctuating cognitive decline continued. Therefore, donepezil was stopped temporarily to determine whether the visual hallucinations actually improved due to the low-dose donepezil. Subsequently, the visual hallucinations reappeared, however they disappeared again with the re-administration of 1.5 mg/day of donepezil. Therefore, the efficacy of low-dose donepezil was confirmed. No randomized controlled trials have been carried out concerning the efficacy and dosage of donepezil for DLB patients, so the sensitivity of donepezil for its efficacy remains unclear. However, according to a previous report, adverse events due to donepezil occur more often in DLB patients than AD patients. The guidelines indicated that a dose-dependent exacerbation of extrapyramidal symptom (EPS) may occur with the administration of CHEI. The EPS of a DLB patient worsens with the therapeutic dose of rivastigmine (7.5 mg/ day), which could be reversed by a dose reduction to 6 mg/ day. In the current case, a dose-reduction of donepezil to 1.5 mg/day reversed the EPS. Therefore, titration to a low-dose treatment of donepezil might be useful in some DLB patients who show hypersensitivity to the standard dose of donepezil. REFERENCES
Feature extraction for multimodal biometric and study of fusion using Gaussian mixture model

Biometrics consists of methods for uniquely recognizing humans based upon one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits. This paper describes the feature extraction techniques for three modalities viz. fingerprint, iris and face. The extracted information from each modality is stored as a template. The information are fused at the match score level using a density based score level fusion, GMM followed by the Likelihood ratio test. GMM parameters are estimated from training data using the iterative Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm.
Drosophila Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein (DmPTB) Regulates Dorso-Ventral Patterning Genes in Embryos

The Drosophila polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (dmPTB or hephaestus) plays an important role during embryogenesis. A loss of function mutation, heph03429, results in varied defects in embryonic developmental processes, leading to embryonic lethality. However, the suite of molecular functions that are disrupted in the mutant remains unknown. We have used an unbiased high throughput sequencing approach to identify transcripts that are misregulated in this mutant. Misregulated transcripts show evidence of significantly altered patterns of splicing (exon skipping, 5′ and 3′ splice site switching), alternative 5′ ends, and mRNA level changes (up and down regulation). These findings are independently supported by reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and in situ hybridization. We show that a group of genes, such as Zerknüllt, z600 and screw are among the most upregulated in the mutant and have been functionally linked to dorso-ventral patterning and/or dorsal closure processes. Thus, loss of dmPTB function results in specific misregulated transcripts, including those that provide the missing link between the loss of dmPTB function and observed developmental defects in embryogenesis. This study provides the first comprehensive repertoire of genes affected in vivo in the heph mutant in Drosophila and offers insight into the role of dmPTB during embryonic development.
Geometric construction of Killing spinors and supersymmetry algebras in homogeneous spacetimes

We show how the Killing spinors of some maximally supersymmetric supergravity solutions whose metrics describe symmetric spacetimes (including AdS, AdS × S and Hpp-waves) can be easily constructed using purely geometrical and group-theoretical methods. The calculation of the supersymmetry algebras is extremely simple in this formalism.
Performance analysis of packet loss recovery policies in P2P video streaming

Packet loss recovery is an important part of P2P video streaming networks due to inevitable packet loss in today's internet and interdependency of data units in compressed video streams. In addition, the architecture of P2P streaming networks, in which the data delivered to the receivers through chain of peers, can intensify the impact of the internet packet loss on the quality of perceived video at the receivers. FEC and ARQ are the two most important techniques that can be used to overcome the side effect of the internet packet loss in P2P video streaming networks. Based on these two techniques, different packet loss recovery strategies can be applied in different overlay hops of a given P2P streaming network. In this paper, we have modelled and analysed the performance and efficiency of variant packet loss recovery policies can be used in P2P streaming networks. Our analysis show that a hybrid packet loss recovery scheme in which the most important data units are protected by packet level FEC and the remaining lost ones are recovered through retransmission i.e., ARQ is the most efficient strategy that improves the performance of P2P video streaming networks.
Practice Benefits Locomotors

Locomotion is the self-regulatory aspect concerned with movement from state to state, whereas assessment is the self-regulatory aspect concerned with critical evaluation of options. Successful goal pursuit usually requires that both locomotion and assessment work together; however, there may be situations in which such complementarity is unnecessary for optimal performance. In this article, we aim to shed light on the circumstances in which locomotion and assessment complementarity are necessary for adequate performance. In a two-part study, we find that high locomotion alone is sufficient to ensure optimal performance on simple tasks. On complex tasks, however, both high locomotion and high assessment are necessary for optimal performance. We also find that after individuals have had practice on a task, high locomotors are again the best performers, regardless of whether the task is simple or complex. These findings have implications for work performance and goal pursuit more generally.
Partitioning the Sample Space on Five Taxa for the Neighbor Joining Algorithm

In this paper, we will analyze the behavior of the Neighbor Joining algorithm on five taxa and we will show that the partition of the sample (data) space for estimation of a tree topology with five taxa into subspaces, within each of which the Neighbor Joining algorithm returns the same tree topology. A key of our method to partition the sample space is the action of the symmetric group $S_5$ on the set of distance matrices by changing the labels of leaves. The method described in this paper can be generalized to trees with more than five taxa.
A RUNX2–HDAC1 co-repressor complex regulates rRNA gene expression by modulating UBF acetylation

The osteogenic and oncogenic transcription factor RUNX2 downregulates the RNA polymerase I (RNA Pol I)-mediated transcription of rRNAs and changes histone modifications associated with the rDNA repeat. However, the mechanisms by which RUNX2 suppresses rRNA transcription are not well understood. RUNX2 cofactors such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a key role in chromatin remodeling and regulation of gene transcription. Here, we show that RUNX2 recruits HDAC1 to the rDNA repeats in osseous cells. This recruitment alters the histone modifications associated with active rRNA-encoding genes and causes deacetylation of the protein upstream binding factor (UBF, also known as UBTF). Downregulation of RUNX2 expression reduces the localization of HDAC1 to the nucleolar periphery and also decreases the association between HDAC1 and UBF. Functionally, depletion of HDAC1 relieves the RUNX2-mediated repression of rRNA-encoding genes and concomitantly increases cell proliferation and global protein synthesis in osseous cells. Our findings collectively identify a RUNX2–HDAC1-dependent mechanism for the regulation of rRNA-encoding genes and suggest that there is plasticity to RUNX2-mediated epigenetic control, which is mediated through selective mitotic exclusion of co-regulatory factors.
WorkOut: I/O Workload Outsourcing for Boosting RAID Reconstruction Performance

User I/O intensity can significantly impact the performance of on-line RAID reconstruction due to contention for the shared disk bandwidth. Based on this observation, this paper proposes a novel scheme, called WorkOut (I/O Workload Outsourcing), to significantly boost RAID reconstruction performance. WorkOut effectively outsources all write requests and popular read requests originally targeted at the degraded RAID set to a surrogate RAID set during reconstruction. Our lightweight prototype implementation of WorkOut and extensive trace-driven and benchmark-driven experiments demonstrate that, compared with existing reconstruction approaches, WorkOut significantly speeds up both the total reconstruction time and the average user response time. Importantly, WorkOut is orthogonal to and can be easily incorporated into any existing reconstruction algorithms. Furthermore, it can be extended to improving the performance of other background support RAID tasks, such as re-synchronization and disk scrubbing.