Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A MULTIMODAL NONVERBAL HUMAN-ROBOT COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ICCB 2015

Socially interactive robot needs the same behaviors and capabilities of human to be accepted as a member in human society. The environment, in which this robot should operate, is the human daily life. The interaction capabilities of current robots are still limited due to complex inter-human interaction system. Humans usually use different types of verbal and nonverbal cues in their communication. Facial expression and head movement are good examples of nonverbal cues used in feedback. This paper presents a biological inspired system for Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). This system is based on the interactive model of inter-human communication proposed by Schramm. In this model, the robot and its interaction partner can be send and receive information at the same time. For example, if the robot is talking, it also perceive the feedback of the human via his/her nonverbal cues. In this work, we are focusing on recognizing the facial expression of human. The proposed facial expression recognition technique is based on machine learning. Multi SVMs have been used to recognize the six basic emotions in addition to the neutral expression. This technique uses only the depth information, acquired by Kinect, of human face.
Breastfeeding: the hidden barrier in Côte d'Ivoire's quest to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV

Côte d'Ivoire has one of the worst HIV/AIDS epidemics in West Africa. This study sought to understand how HIV‐positive women's life circumstances and interactions with the public health care system in Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire, influence their self‐reported ability to adhere to antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy.
Common genetic risk factors for conduct disorder and alcohol dependence.

The association between retrospectively reported childhood conduct disorder (CD) and a history of alcohol dependence (AD) was examined in a sample of 2,682 male, female, and unlike-sex adult twin pairs. There was a strong association between CD and AD in both men (tetrachoric r = .34, odds ratio = 2.8) and women (tetrachoric r = .53, odds ratio = 9.9). Genetic factors accounted for most of the association between CD and AD liability in men and women, with the remainder of the association being due to nonshared individual-specific environmental factors. Genetic influences common to CD and AD accounted for 17% and 35% of the genetic variation in AD liability in men and women, respectively, and accounted for 11% and 23% of the total variation in AD liability in men and women, respectively. The results suggest that there are common genetic risk factors for CD and AD or that CD itself is an important genetically influenced risk factor for AD.
POPS: A tool for delay/power performance optimization

Based on an incremental path search algorithm, this paper addresses the problem of performance driven path classification by sizing selected gates on the shortest and the longest identified paths of the circuit. Delay and power/area constraints are managed using circuit path sizing alternatives defined through a realistic evaluation of gate power and delay. Implemented in the POPS tool (Performance Optimization by Path Selection), the accuracy of this technique is compared to evaluation obtained from industrial tools on examples of path enumeration and optimization evaluated on several ISCAS'85 benchmarks.
Five-year survival rates of melanoma patients treated by diet therapy after the manner of Gerson: a retrospective review.

OBJECTIVE Compare 5-year melanoma survival rates to rates in medical literature. DESIGN Retrospective. SETTING Hospital in Tijuana, Mexico. PATIENTS White adult patients (N = 153) with superficial spreading and nodular melanoma, aged 25-72 years. INTERVENTION Gerson's diet therapy: lactovegetarian; low sodium, fat and (temporarily) protein; high potassium, fluid, and nutrients (hourly raw vegetable/fruit juices). Metabolism increased by thyroid; calorie supply limited to 2600-3200 calories per day. Coffee enemas as needed for pain and appetite. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE 5-year survival rates by stage at admission. RESULTS Of 14 patients with stages I and II (localized) melanoma, 100% survived for 5 years, compared with 79% of 15,798 reported by Balch. Of 17 with stage IIIA (regionally metastasized) melanoma, 82% were alive at 5 years, in contrast to 39% of 103 from Fachklinik Hornheide. Of 33 with combined stages IIIA + IIIB (regionally metastasized) melanoma, 70% lived 5 years, compared with 41% of 134 from Fachklinik Hornheide. We propose a new stage division: IVA (distant lymph, skin, and subcutaneous tissue metastases), and IVB (visceral metastases). Of 18 with stage IVA melanoma, 39% were alive at 5 years, compared with only 6% of 194 from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Survival impact was not assessed for stage IVB. Male and female survival rates were identical for stages I-IIIB, but stage IVA women had a strong survival advantage. CONCLUSIONS The 5-year survival rates reported here are considerably higher than those reported elsewhere. Stage IIIA/B males had exceptionally high survival rates compared with those reported by other centers.
Reliable Routing Protocol for Delay Tolerant Networks

On post disaster scenarios, communication infrastructure can be seriously compromised, generating intermittent or null Internet access. Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are a promising communication mechanism able to deal with connection disruptions enabling communication for affected people. DTNs forward messages through untrusted devices, which have better probability to reach destination. However, they are susceptible to attacks where participants forge their metrics in order for them to appear as a better alternative to route messages, thus most traffic is attracted to them. This problem is known as the blackhole attack. In this work we propose a routing protocol that verifies participants' interactions using the Guy Fawkes protocol for an encounter-based routing protocol which routes messages based on the interactions of nodes. We propose a transmission ticket in order to achieve accountability in the actions of nodes. Routing decisions are based on the past tickets collected by the nodes. Our protocol creates a more reliable routing path by preventing the creation of fake interactions, and therefore blackhole attacks. Results show that our protocol reduces the number of messages attracted by malicious peers performing a blackhole attack, maintaining good delivery rates and low overhead for different network scenarios.
Modelling of corrective actions in power system reliability analysis

Consequence analysis, including the modelling of corrective actions, is an important component when performing power system reliability analyses. Using an integrated methodology for power system reliability analysis, we investigate the impact of different modelling choices for the consequence analysis on estimates for the energy not supplied. These investigations corroborate the large impact modelling assumptions for corrective actions have on the resulting reliability indices. We have also identified other features of the consequence analysis, such as islanding and distributed slack, that can be important to take into account. The findings and the underlying structured approach contribute to improving the accuracy of power system reliability analyses.
Social communication in domestic horses : the production and perception of facial expressions

Living in complex societies is thought to promote the development of sophisticated social, cognitive, and communicative skills. Investigating the extent of these skills across taxa is critical to understanding the evolution of the advanced abilities found in some species, including humans. Facial expressions are rich sources of social information for humans and some primates; however whether this is true for other animals is largely unknown. Horses are an ideal study species for these questions: they form valuable social relationships and display some advanced socio-cognitive skills, but are phylogenetically distant from primates and so might be expected to communicate quite differently. Here I present a method for quantifying and coding horse facial movements (EquiFACS), which reveals that horses have an extensive capacity for producing facial expressions. I then utilise EquiFACS to demonstrate that horses produce facial actions that mirror the emotional content of auditory stimuli, providing evidence for a perception-action representation of emotional information. Through my experiments on the perception of facial expressions in horses I show that these expressions display meaningful information to conspecifics, which influences their behaviour in functionally relevant ways. I also shed light on the physiological processes involved in the perception of emotional conspecific facial expressions, showing that viewing negatively valenced conspecific emotional expressions raises resting heart rate. This is indicative of emotional contagion, which may be a mechanism through which information is obtained and social interactions are regulated. Collectively, my research demonstrates the ability to produce and use complex facial expressions as a source of social information is not limited to primates, but is present in at least two phylogenetically distant groups. This suggests these skills may either be an evolutionarily conserved trait or have evolved under common selective pressures. As well as their scientific significance, these findings have implications for horse management and welfare.
ADVANSE: Sentiment, Opinion and Emotion Analysis in French Tweets

This paper describes the methods we submitted to the DEFT 2015 Challenge (Text Mining Challenge). This eleventh edition concerned the analysis of opinions, sentiments and emotions expressed in French tweets. Three tasks have been proposed, we participated to task 1 which concerned the classification of tweets according to their polarities, to task 2.1 concerning the identification of the generic class of information expressed in the tweet, and finally to task 2.2 that concerned the identification of the specific class of opinion, sentiment or emotion. We proposed supervised methods based on support vector machines (SVM) using several types of attributes such as word n-grams, character n-grams, most common syntactic patterns, etc. Moreover, we constructed and used two French lexicons of sentiments and emotions.
The 5′ end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is generated by exonucleases from an upstream cleavage site.

We have developed techniques for the detailed analysis of cis‐acting sequences in the pre‐rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and used these to study the processing of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) leading to the synthesis of 5.8S rRNA. As is the case for many eukaryotes, the 5′ end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is heterogeneous; we designate the major, short form 5.8S(S), and the minor form (which is seven or eight nucleotides longer) 5.8S(L). These RNAs do not have a precursor/product relationship, but result from the use of alternative processing pathways. In the major pathway, a previously unidentified processing site in ITS1, designated A3, is cleaved. A 10 nucleotide deletion at site A3 strongly inhibits processing of A3 and the synthesis of 5.8S(S); processing is predominantly transferred to the alternative 5.8S(L) pathway. Site A3 lies 76 nucleotides 5′ to the end of 5.8S(S), and acts as an entry site for 5′‐‐>3′ exonuclease digestion which generates the 5′ end of 5.8S(S). This pathway is inhibited in strains mutant for XRN1p and RAT1p. Both of these proteins have been reported to have 5′‐‐>3′ exonuclease activity in vitro. Formation of 5.8S(L) is increased by mutations at A3 in cis or in RAT1p and XRN1p in trans, and is kinetically faster than 5.8S(S) synthesis.
Highly neurotic never-depressed students have negative biases in information processing

ABSTRACT Background Cognitive theories associate depression with negative biases in information processing. Although negatively biased cognitions are well documented in depressed patients and to some extent in recovered patients, it remains unclear whether these abnormalities are present before the first depressive episode. Method High neuroticism (N) is a well-recognized risk factor for depression. The current study therefore compared different aspects of emotional processing in 33 high-N never-depressed and 32 low-N matched volunteers. Awakening salivary cortisol, which is often elevated in severely depressed patients, was measured to explore the neurobiological substrate of neuroticism. Results High-N volunteers showed increased processing of negative and/or decreased processing of positive information in emotional categorization and memory, facial expression recognition and emotion-potentiated startle (EPS), in the absence of global memory or executive deficits. By contrast, there was no evidence for effects of neuroticism on attentional bias (as measured with the dot-probe task), over-general autobiographical memory, or awakening cortisol levels. Conclusions These results suggest that certain negative processing biases precede depression rather than arising as a result of depressive experience per se and as such could in part mediate the vulnerability of high-N subjects to depression. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm that such cognitive vulnerabilities predict subsequent depression in individual subjects.
Temporal Tessellation for Video Annotation and Summarization

We present a general approach to video understanding, inspired by semantic transfer techniques successfully used for 2D image understanding. Our method considers a video to be a 1D sequence of clips, each one associated with its own semantics. The nature of these semantics -- natural language captions or other labels -- depends on the task at hand. A test video is processed by forming correspondences between its clips and the clips of reference videos with known semantics, following which, reference semantics can be transferred to the test video. We describe two matching methods, both designed to ensure that (a) reference clips appear similar to test clips and (b), taken together, the semantics of selected reference clips is consistent and maintains temporal coherence. We use our method for video captioning on the LSMDC'16 benchmark and video summarization on the SumMe benchmark. In both cases, our method not only surpasses state of the art results, but importantly, it is the only method we know of that was successfully applied to both video understanding tasks.
Low myoplasmic Mg2+ potentiates calcium release during depolarization of frog skeletal muscle fibers

The role of intracellular free magnesium concentration ([Mg2+]) in modulating calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was studied in voltage-clamped frog cut skeletal muscle fibers equilibrated with cut end solutions containing two calcium indicators, fura-2 and antipyrylazo III (AP III), and various concentrations of free Mg2+ (25 microM-1 mM) obtained by adding appropriate total amounts of ATP and magnesium to the solutions. Changes in AP III absorbance were used to monitor calcium transients, whereas fura-2 fluorescence was used to monitor resting calcium. The rate of release (Rrel) of calcium from the SR was calculated from the calcium transient and found to be increased in low internal [Mg2+]. After correcting for effects of calcium depletion from the SR and normalization to SR content, the mean values of the inactivatable and noninactivatable components of Rrel were increased by 163 and 46%, respectively, in low Mg2+. Independent of normalization to SR content, the ratio of inactivatable to noninactivatable components of Rrel was increased in low internal [Mg2+]. Both observations suggest that internal [Mg2+] preferentially modulates the inactivatable component of Rrel, which is thought to be due to calcium-induced calcium release from the SR. This could also explain the observation that, in low internal [Mg2+], the time to the peak of the calcium transient for a 5-ms depolarizing pulse was not very different from the time to the peak of the delta [Ca2+] for a 10- ms pulse of the same amplitude. Finally, in low internal [Mg2+], the calcium transient elicited by a short depolarizing pulse was in some cases clearly followed by a very slow rise of calcium after the end of the pulse. The observed effects of reduced [Mg2+] on calcium release are consistent with a removal of the inhibition that the normal 1 mM myoplasmic [Mg2+] exerts on calcium release in skeletal muscle fibers.
Automatic estimation of perceptual age using speaker modeling techniques

This paper proposes a technique to estimate speakers’ perceptual age automatically only with acoustic information of their utterances. Firstly, we experimentally collected data of how old individual speakers in databasessound to listeners. Speech samples of approximately 500 male speakers with a very wide range of the real age were presented to listeners, who were asked to estimate the age only by hearing. Using the results, the perceptual age of the individual speakers was defined in two ways as label (averaged age over the listeners) and distribution. Then, each of the speakers was acoustically modeled by GMMs. Finally, the perceptual age of an input speaker was estimated as weighted sum of the perceptual age of all the other speakers in the databases, where the weight for speaker i was calculated as a function of likelihood score of the input speaker as speaker i. Experiments showed that correlation was about 0.9 between the perceptual age estimated by the listening test and that estimated by the proposed method. This paper also introduces some techniques to realize robust estimation of the perceptual age.
Expert Panel Recommendations for the Identification and Management of Hyperkalemia and Role of Patiromer in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure.

Virtual panel meetings were conducted among 7 physicians, all of whom are independent experts, including 3 nephrologists, 2 cardiologists, and 2 emergency medicine physicians (the panel). The panel met with the purpose of discussing the current treatment landscape, treatment challenges, economic impact, and gaps in care for patients with hyperkalemia that is associated with heart failure and chronic kidney disease. The stated goal of the panel discussion was to develop practical solutions in the identification and management of hyperkalemia in this patient population. The panel noted that hyperkalemia is a serious condition that can lead to life-threatening complications, yet the treatment paradigm for hyperkalemia has remained without major advances for approximately 50 years, until the approval of patiromer. A number of issues still exist in the management of this patient population, including the lack of uniform treatment guidelines and consensus regarding the approach to treatment. As part of its effort, the panel developed an algorithm, the Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Hyperkalemia Treatment in the Acute Care Setting/Chronic Care. The panel agreed that patiromer appears to be a viable option for the management of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and/or heart failure and in patients who experience chronic hyperkalemia. DISCLOSURES This panel discussion was funded by Relypsa and facilitated by Magellan Rx Management. Rafique is a principal investigator for Relypsa and serves as a consultant for Instrumentation Laboratory, Magellan Health, Relypsa, and ZS-Pharma. Butler serves as consultant for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, CardioCell, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Relypsa, and ZS-Pharma. Lopes and Farnum are employed by Magellan Rx Management. Rafique designed the management protocol for this panel discussion and contributed to the writing and editing of this report document. The other authors report no conflicting interests. Relypsa is the manufacturer of Veltassa (patiromer).
Voicing Others' Voices: Spotlighting the Researcher as Narrator.

As qualitative research undertakings are not independent of the researcher, the “indissoluble interrelationship between interpreter and interpretation” (Thomas & James, 2006, p. 782) renders it necessary for researchers to understand that their text is a representation, a version of the truth that is the product of writerly choices, and that it is discursive. Endlessly creative, artistic and political, as there is no single interpretative truth, the interpretative process facilitates the refashioning of representations, the remaking of choices and the probing of discourses. As a consequence of the particularity of any researcher’s account, issues pertaining to researcher identity and authorial stance always remain central to research endeavours (Kamler & Thomson, 2006, p. 68; Denzin & Lincoln 2011, pp. 14-15). Therefore, researchers are encouraged to be reflexive about their analyses and research accounts (Elliott, 2005, p. 152), as reflexivity helps spotlight the role of the researcher as narrator. In turn, spotlighting the researcher as narrator foregrounds a range of complex issues about voice, representation and interpretive authority (Chase, 2005, p. 657; Genishi & Glupczynski, 2006, p. 671; Eisenhart, 2006). In essence, therefore, this paper is reflective of the challenges of “doing” qualitative research in educational settings. Its particular focus-the shaping of beginning primary teachers’ identities, in Ireland, throughout the course of their initial year of occupational experience, post-graduation- endeavours to highlight issues pertaining to the researcher as narrator (O’Sullivan, 2014).
On a Variant of Van Der Waerden's Theorem

Abstract Given positive integers n and k, a k-term quasi-progression of diameter n is a sequence (x 1, x 2, …, xk ) such that d ≤ x j+1 – xj ≤ d + n, 1 ≤ j ≤ k – 1, for some positive integer d. Thus an arithmetic progression is a quasi-progression of diameter 0. Let Qn (k) denote the least integer for which every coloring of {1, 2, …, Qn (k)} yields a monochromatic k-term quasi-progression of diameter n. We obtain an exponential lower bound on Q 1(k) using probabilistic techniques and linear algebra.