Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coordinated Cancer Germline Antigen Promoter and Global DNA Hypomethylation in Ovarian Cancer: Association with the BORIS/CTCF Expression Ratio and Advanced Stage

Purpose: Cancer germline (CG) antigens are frequently expressed and hypomethylated in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), but the relationship of this phenomenon to global DNA hypomethylation is unknown. In addition, the potential mechanisms leading to DNA hypomethylation, and its clinicopathologic significance in EOC, have not been determined. Experimental Design: We used quantitative mRNA expression and DNA methylation analyses to determine the relationship between expression and methylation of X-linked (MAGE-A1, NY-ESO-1, XAGE-1) and autosomal (BORIS, SOHLH2) CG genes, global DNA methylation (5mdC levels, LINE-1, Alu, and Sat-α methylation), and clinicopathology, using 75 EOC samples. In addition, we examined the association between these parameters and a number of mechanisms proposed to contribute to DNA hypomethylation in cancer. Results: CG genes were coordinately expressed in EOC and this was associated with promoter DNA hypomethylation. Hypomethylation of CG promoters was highly correlated and strongly associated with LINE-1 and Alu methylation, moderately with 5mdC levels, and rarely with Sat-α methylation. BORIS and LINE-1 hypomethylation, and BORIS expression, were associated with advanced stage. GADD45A expression, MTHFR genotype, DNMT3B isoform expression, and BORIS mRNA expression did not associate with methylation parameters. In contrast, the BORIS/CTCF expression ratio was associated with DNA hypomethylation, and furthermore correlated with advanced stage and decreased survival. Conclusions: DNA hypomethylation coordinately affects CG antigen gene promoters and specific repetitive DNA elements in EOC, and correlates with advanced stage disease. The BORIS/CTCF mRNA expression ratio is closely associated with DNA hypomethylation and confers poor prognosis in EOC. Clin Cancer Res; 17(8); 2170–80. ©2011 AACR.
Near Real Time Machine Driven Signature Detection, Generation and Collection

— One way to perpetrate a Denial of Service (DoS) attack is to flood the network infrastructure with too much unnecessary data such as Internet worms. Internet worms can spread very fast and cause losses both in terms of lost business opportunities as well as human resources required to alleviate the caused damages. Ways of protecting against the Internet worms include the anomaly based and signature based systems. Signature based systems uses security signatures (patterns) that match particular known attacks while anomaly based systems rely on detecting anomalies with the background idea that abnormal activity is malicious. With the increasing internet speeds and growing amount and complexity of data across it, it is necessary to have correspondingly fast ways of analyzing network traffic in order to evaluate security scenarios in time. Also the existence zero-day attacks (attacks whose characteristics are still unknown) make relying on preconfigured signatures unreliable. This study sought to find how to develop an accurate, robust near real time machine driven Internet worm signature detection, generation and collection system using big data technologies. We set up Hadoop Ecosystem and analyze network traffic content using Hadoop Map Reduce programming Model. We were able to generate documented worm signatures. We also realize that adding the number of nodes to the Hadoop cluster first reduces the processing speeds due to overheads of load distribution up to some optimal point beyond which adding more nodes actually increases the overall speed of processing. The robustness of the processing facility is also improved due to the fact that HDFS replicates the files to be processed thus improving availability.
A unified approach to global program optimization

A technique is presented for global analysis of program structure in order to perform compile time optimization of object code generated for expressions. The global expression optimization presented includes constant propagation, common subexpression elimination, elimination of redundant register load operations, and live expression analysis. A general purpose program flow analysis algorithm is developed which depends upon the existence of an "optimizing function. " The algorithm is defined formally using a directed graph model of program flow structure, and is shown to be correct. Several optimizing functions are defined which, when used in conjunction with the flow analysis algorithm, provide the various forms of code optimization. The flow analysis algorithm is sufficiently general that additional functions can easily be defined for other forms of global code optimization.
The Effect of Food Images on Mood and Arousal Depends on Dietary Histories and the Fat and Sugar Content of Foods Depicted

Background: While brain imaging studies show that reward regions in the human brain that regulate reward-guided behavior and integrate sensory modalities of smell, taste, and texture respond preferentially to high calorie foods, few studies account for dietary histories or account for recent behavioral evidence showing preferential responding for fruits (a low calorie food that tastes sweet). To address these concerns, the present study tested the hypothesis that images of high/low fat and sugar foods, even sugary foods that are low calorie (i.e., fruits), will enhance emotional responsiveness and that these changes may be related to dietary histories with fat and sugar intake. Method: Participants were shown 4 sets of 15 food images with each food image automatically timed every 9 s to transition to a new food image; participant pre-post mood and arousal was measured. The 4 sets of food images were high fat-high sugar (HFHS; desserts), high fat-low sugar (HFLS; fried foods), low fat-high sugar (LFHS; fruits), or low fat-low sugar (LFLS; vegetables) foods. To account for dietary histories, participants also completed estimated daily intake scales (EDIS) for sugar and fat. Results: Mood and arousal significantly increased in all groups, except Group LFLS, and even in a group that was low calorie but shown foods that taste sweet, i.e., Group LFHS. Interestingly, changes in arousal, but not mood, were dependent on participant histories with sugar and fat intake. Conclusion: Changes in emotional responsiveness to food images were nutrient-specific, which can be a more detailed level of analysis for assessing responsiveness to food images. Also, participant histories with sugar and fat should be taken into account as these histories can explain the changes in arousal observed here.
Attachment, sexual experience, and sexual pressure in romantic relationships: A dyadic approach

The goal of this research was to extend the previously documented associations between attachment style and sexual experiences in samples of adolescents and college students to adult couples in committed romantic relationships. A sample of 273 French-Canadian heterosexual couples aged 18–35 years completed measures of attachment-related anxiety and avoidance, sexual coercion, and sexual experiences in their relationships. Avoidant attachment was related to two strategies for limiting intimacy in sexual relationships: avoidance of sexual encounters and avoidance of sexual fantasies about one’s partner (the latter for women only). Anxious attachment appeared to interfere with comfortable intimacy, especially among men, who viewed their partner as avoiding sex and who applied more insistent pressure to have sex.
Sample size required for the accurate determination of fiber area and capillarity of human skeletal muscle.

This study aimed to determine the skeletal muscle fiber sample size required for a reliable, valid representation of an individual's average fiber area and capillary contacts (CC) per fiber. Biopsies were obtained from the biceps brachii of 11 college-age, recreational resistance-trained men in conjunction with a study investigating how muscle morphology changed after 12 weeks of resistance training. The effect of additional measurements on the rolling cumulative means for fiber area and CC per fiber was evaluated using sequential estimation analysis. Results showed that group cumulative mean and standard deviation had stabilized by 50 fiber measurements per individual for type I and II fibers and CC per fiber. Significant correlations (.96-.99; p < .05) existed between the 50th and 95th/100th cumulative individual means. These results indicate that a typical skeletal muscle needle biopsy would be sufficient to characterize type I and II fiber areas and CC per fiber of an individual in most subject populations, although the required sample size for characterizing fiber subtypes might be different.
Human Robot Synergism and Virtual Telerobotic Control

Taking a broader perspective than the conventional field of teleoperation and telerobotics, this paper proposes the concept of human robot synergism, as a practical approach to carrying out a variety of " intelligent " manipulation tasks whose procedures and environment may not be well anticipated beforehand. Such a human robot synergetic system would be essential not only for transferring human problem solving capabilities to hazardous environments where telerobots are now being applied, but also for situations which require unusual strength or precision, such as in certain type of surgery. The pros and cons of four basic design models, namely master/slave, telepresence, teacher/student and supervisor/companion, are discussed. While telepresence is currently attracting great research interest, we feel communicative supervisor/companion approach should not be overlooked and may reveal more advantages of human robot synergetic systems.The paper discusses continuous vs. discrete languages as communication formats in human robot synergy. In accordance with conceptual framework, " Virtual control " concept and its technical implementation are also briefly presented.
Self-perceived coping resources of middle-aged and older adults – results of a large population-based study

ABSTRACT Objectives: Psychosocial resources (personal resources, social resources, and other) are important for coping with aging and impairment. The aim of this study was to describe the resources of older adults and to compare subgroups with frailty, complex health care needs, and/or mental disorders. Method: At the third follow-up of the large population-based German ESTHER study, 3124 elderly persons (aged 55–85) were included. Psychosocial resources were assessed during a home visit by trained study doctors by using a list of 26 different items. Resources were described for the total group, separated by sex, and for the three subgroups of persons with frailty, complex health care needs, and mental disorders. Results: Family, self-efficacy, and financial security were the most frequently reported resources of older adults. Women and men showed significant differences in their self-perceived resources. Personal resources (self-efficacy, optimism, mastery), social resources, and financial security were reported significantly less frequently by frail persons, persons with complex health care needs, and mentally ill older adults compared to non-impaired participants. Apart from external support, patients who experienced complex health care needs reported resources less frequently compared to frail and mentally ill patients. Conclusion: Coping resources in older adults are associated with sex and impairment. Evaluation and support of personal resources of frail or mentally ill persons or individuals with complex health care needs should be integrated in the therapeutic process.
Male circumcision and risk of syphilis, chancroid, and genital herpes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives: Male circumcision is associated with reduced risk of HIV infection. This may be partly because of a protective effect of circumcision on other sexually transmitted infections (STI), especially those causing genital ulcers, but evidence for such protection is unclear. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses of the associations between male circumcision and infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Treponema pallidum, or Haemophilus ducreyi. Methods: Electronic databases (1950–2004) were searched using keywords and text terms for herpes simplex, syphilis, chancroid, ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases, or their causative agents, in conjunction with terms to identify epidemiological studies. References of key articles were hand searched, and data were extracted using standardised forms. Random effects models were used to summarise relative risk (RR) where appropriate. Results: 26 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most syphilis studies reported a substantially reduced risk among circumcised men (summary RR = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.83), although there was significant between study heterogeneity (p = 0.01). The reduced risk of HSV-2 infection was of borderline statistical significance (summary RR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.01). Circumcised men were at lower risk of chancroid in six of seven studies (individual study RRs: 0.12 to 1.11). Conclusions: This first systematic review of male circumcision and ulcerative STI strongly indicates that circumcised men are at lower risk of chancroid and syphilis. There is less association with HSV-2. Potential male circumcision interventions to reduce HIV in high risk populations may provide additional benefit by protecting against other STI.
Harold D. Lasswell : an annotated bibliography

Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing harold d lasswell an annotated bibliography as the reading material.
Quadrotors flight formation control using a leader-follower approach

In this paper it is presented a control strategy to solve the trajectory tracking and flight formation problem, in horizontal plane, of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) kind quadrotor, by means of a leader-follower scheme. Time scale separation of the translational and rotational quadrotor dynamics is used to achieve trajectory tracking. A sliding mode controller is proposed for the translational dynamic and provides the desired orientation for the UAV, which is controlled by a linear PD control. Finally, from the formation error dynamics, a sliding mode control is used by the follower to preserve the formation with respect to a leader. Experimental results, using a virtual leader and a follower in formation, are shown to evaluate the proposed control law.
Diet and overall survival in elderly people

Abstract Objective: To assess the influence of a specific dietary pattern on overall survival. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Three rural Greek villages, the data from which were collected as part of an international cross cultural study of food habits in later life. Subjects: 182 elderly residents of the three villages. Main outcome measure: Overall mortality. Results: Diet was assessed with a validated extensive semiquantitative questionnaire on food intake. A one unit increase in diet score, devised a priori on the basis of eight component characteristics of the traditional common diet in the Mediterranean region, was associated with a significant 17% reduction in overall mortality (95% confidence interval 1% to 31%). Conclusion: A diet meeting currently understood health criteria does predict survival among people.
Modeling financial dependence with support vector regression

Copula has become the standard tool in financial dependence modeling. This paper proposes a novel nonparametric bivariate copula estimation method which smooths empirical copula with shape-restricted least squares support vector regression. This method exploits a priori shape knowledge of copula function: boundary and 2-increasing, by supplementing the classical support vector regression with shape-related constraints on an equidistant grid of the support [0,1]^2. Its training can be reformulated to a convex quadratic program, which is computationally tractable. Experiments on both an artificial data set and financial time series clearly show that it has good finite sample property and can achieve significantly better performance than parametric methods and kernel smoother.
Doing Participatory Action Research and Doing a PhD: Words of Encouragement for Prospective Students

Participatory action research (PAR) carries the promise that academics can make a difference, an appealing prospect for many postgraduate students. This paper is written by an early career researcher who ‘survived’ a PAR PhD. Despite acknowledging the unique challenges faced by students attempting PAR, it argues that these have been overstated in much of the literature. This paper offers a detailed personal insight into the ways in which PAR and PhDs do (and do not) mix, and argues that successful PAR PhDs can be undertaken, contra the prevailing despondent rhetoric. It concludes with suggestions for ‘energizing’ PAR in graduate geographical education.
The Psychophysical Attributes of Heat-Induced Pain and Their Relationships to Neural Mechanisms

During the last two decades there has been a proliferation of studies evaluating the psychophysical and neural attributes of heat-induced pain. Experiments using radiant and contact heat-induced pain have produced different observations thereby broadening our appreciation of the importance of acknowledging how a noxious heat stimulus is delivered; moreover manipulations of stimulus parameters have now provided a foundation for understanding the underlying neural mechanisms of heat-induced pain and their biological significance. The psychophysical attributes of heat-induced pain include highly reliable thresholds for most body regions, minimal adaptation to maintained noxious stimuli, an exquisite sensitivity to small changes in stimulus intensity, slow temporal summation for some types of heat-induced pain (i.e., second pain) but not for others (i.e., first pain), spatial summation---especially for suprathreshold noxious temperatures---and the perceived spread of pain well beyond the actual body area stimulated (i.e., radiation). The present body of information indicates that the pain system is optimally adapted for conveying precise information about intensity, and is less concerned with other stimulus features, such as spatial patterns or boundaries.
UAV Trajectory Planning for Static and Dynamic Environments

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a robotic aircraft that can fly with either a remote input from a ground-based operator, or autonomously without human intervention based on pre-programmed flight plans (How et al., 2004). UAVs offer advantages over conventional manned vehicles in many applications because they can be used in situations otherwise too dangerous for manned vehicles and without being weighed down by the systems required by a pilot. UAVs are currently receiving much attention in research because they can be used in a wide variety of fields, both civil and military, such as reconnaissance, geophysical survey, environmental and meteorological monitoring, aerial photography, and search-and-rescue tasks. Most of these missions are usually carried out in threatened environments, and then it is very important to fly along a route which keeps the UAV away from known threats. Detection radars are one of the main threats for an UAV, but there are others that should also be avoided, such as fires, electric storms, radio shadowing zones, no flight zones, and so on. One of the main goals in many UAV’s projects has been to establish the route that maximizes the likelihood of successful mission completion taking into account all known information about technological constraints, obstacles and threat zones on a static environment (Richards & How, 2002). Some papers that investigate path planning for UAVs presume that the location of the threats and their presence are deterministically known at planning-time, and interpret a path which avoids possible threat regions as an optimal path (Borto, 2000). However more recent projects are examining the possibilities of UAVs as realistic autonomous agents working on dynamic environments where threat zones called pop-up are present (Zengin & Dogan, 2004). The true presence of these types of zones is only known at flying-time, but the location and knowledge about the probability of appearance can be known at planning-time. In this chapter we will present an approach to trajectory optimization for UAV in presence of obstacles, waypoints, and risk zones. The approach has been implemented on SPASAS (System for Planning And Simulation of Aerial Strategy), an integrated system for definition of flight scenarios, flight planning, simulation and graphic representation of the results developed at Complutense University of Madrid. The system uses two alternative methods for trajectory generation: mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and a modification of the A* algorithm, depending on the characteristics of the scenario between two waypoints.
The Effect of Unilateral Hockey Bag Carriage on the Muscle Activities of the Trunk and Lower Limb of Young Healthy Males During Gait

This study explored the trunk and lower limb muscle activity of 15 males during unilateral hockey bag carriage of 10%, 20%, and 30% of one’s body weight (BW) compared with without a load during walking. The electromyography (EMG) activities of the left and right erector spinae, rectus abdominis, gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and the medial gastrocnemius were studied. A 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the differences between the load weight and muscle side. Results showed significant increase in peak EMG and iEMG in the carrying side vastus medialis, rectus abdominis, semitendinosus, and gastrocnemii (p < 0.05) at the 30% BW load. The noncarrying side showed a greater peak EMG in the semitendinosus and rectus femoris at the 30% BW load when compared with the carrying side (p < 0.05). It was concluded that unilateral hockey bag carriage is similar to both backpack and side-pack carriage styles.
Children's comprehension of expressive states depicted in a television cartoon

Abstract Three studies investigated 6–13 year old children's comprehension of expressive states shown on television. A longitudinal component linked the first and third studies. Children identified eight emotional states depicted in a television cartoon, and their discriminations were related to age, verbal ability, and sex. The youngest children had a poor understanding of the expressive states, but understanding improved through to 9 years. Verbal ability was positively related to ability to identify expressions in 6–8 year olds. Girls of 8–13 years performed better than boys of the same age. The longitudinal results showed that in children of 6–10 years, accuracy in labelling expressive states was stable over a period of two years. While younger children could not accurately identify specific expressions, they rarely confused a positive emotion with a negative one. The poor comprehension of television often found in young children may be at least partly explained by their inability to identify discrete.