Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Relative Addressing and Virtual Overlays in Ad Hoc Networks with Bandwidth and Processing Constraints

The suitability of using relative addressing to help support the deployment of customized protocols or reduce the communication and processing overhead of signaling packets is explored. The basic approach consists of breaking the signaling used for routing into an addressing component and a routing component, and establishing virtual networks that use relative addressing and customized protocols within such networks. Specific examples of how routing update mechanisms can be expedited with relative addressing are presented. A specific approach to make AODV support address mappings for “virtual networks” is described. The performance of an ad hoc network running IPv4 and an example customized protocol (called TIP) is discussed. Simulation results in GloMoSim illustrate that significant savings can be attained using relative addressing in scenarios with low bandwidth and traffic mostly composed of small packets, both of which are expected in ad hoc networks of sensors.
Information extraction on the semantic web: utilizing the resource description framework in information extraction

Dealing with information in modern times involves users to cope with hundreds of thousands of documents, such as articles, emails, Web pages, or News feeds. Above all information sources, the World Wide Web presents information seekers with great challenges. It offers more text in natural language than one is capable to read. The key idea for this research intends to provide users with adaptable filtering techniques, supporting them in filtering out the specific information items they need. Its realization focuses on developing an Information Extraction system, which adapts to a domain of concern, by interpreting the contained formalized knowledge. Utilizing the Resource Description Framework (RDF), which is the Semantic Web’s formal language for exchanging information, allows extending information extractors to incorporate the given domain knowledge. Because of this, formal information items from the RDF source can be recognized in the text. The application of RDF allows a further investigation of operations on recognized information items, such as disambiguating and rating the relevance of these. Switching between different RDF sources allows changing the application scope of the Information Extraction system from one domain of concern to another. An RDF-based Information Extraction system can be triggered to extract specific kinds of information entities by providing it with formal RDF queries in terms of the SPARQL query language. Representing extracted information in RDF extends the coverage of the Semantic Web’s information degree and provides a formal view on a text from the perspective of the RDF source. In detail, this work presents the extension of existing Information Extraction approaches by incorporating the graph-based nature of RDF. Hereby, the pre-processing of RDF sources allows extracting statistical information models dedicated to support specific information extractors. These information extractors refine standard extraction tasks, such as the Named Entity Recognition, by using the information provided by the pre-processed models. The post-processing of extracted information items enables representing these results in RDF format or lists, which can now be ranked or filtered by relevance. Post-processing also comprises the enrichment of originating natural language text sources with extracted information items by using annotations in RDFa format. The results of this research extend the state-of-the-art of the Semantic Web. This work contributes approaches for computing customizable and adaptable RDF views on the natural language content of Web pages. Finally, due to the formal nature of RDF, machines can interpret these views allowing developers to process the contained information in a variety of applications.
Conduction Block in PMP22 Deficiency

Patients with PMP22 deficiency present with focal sensory and motor deficits when peripheral nerves are stressed by mechanical force. It has been hypothesized that these focal deficits are due to mechanically induced conduction block (CB). To test this hypothesis, we induced 60–70% CB (defined by electrophysiological criteria) by nerve compression in an authentic mouse model of hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) with an inactivation of one of the two pmp22 alleles (pmp22+/−). Induction time for the CB was significantly shorter in pmp22+/− mice than that in pmp22+/+ mice. This shortened induction was also found in myelin-associated glycoprotein knock-out mice, but not in the mice with deficiency of myelin protein zero, a major structural protein of compact myelin. Pmp22+/− nerves showed intact tomacula with no segmental demyelination in both noncompressed and compressed conditions, normal molecular architecture, and normal concentration of voltage-gated sodium channels by [3H]-saxitoxin binding assay. However, focal constrictions were observed in the axonal segments enclosed by tomacula, a pathological hallmark of HNPP. The constricted axons increase axial resistance to action potential propagation, which may hasten the induction of CB in Pmp22 deficiency. Together, these results demonstrate that a function of Pmp22 is to protect the nerve from mechanical injury.
A CA-based scheme of user authentication over Content-Centric Networking

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is a predominant substitute of the current TCP/IP networking and it is proposed to be the next generation Internet foundation. The evident characteristic of this network architecture is caching and indexing contents by the inner nodes - the routers, so as to reduce the redundant transmission and thereby shorten the distance between user and content. In this paper, we propose and implement a user authentication scheme over CCN. We adopt the trust model based on certificate authority (CA) to provide the service of binding certificate with user's identity, and help user determine the authenticity and reliability of the publisher of the network content. Also the specialized CA we designed for CCN takes advantage of the decentralization characteristic and cache mechanism of CCN to distribute the certificates and certificate revocation list (CRL) into the network, and it reduces the load of the CA central server when retrieving and verifying certificates. Besides, we propose a timeline-based method to segment the CRL with certificate issue date, thereby making the retrieval of CRL more effective.
Depression, anxiety, and their relation with clinical parametersand androgen levels in hirsute women.

BACKGROUND/AIM The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with hirsutism and to evaluate the relationships of anxiety and depression with clinical parameters and androgen levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and seven women with hirsutism were enrolled in the study. All participants completed standardized questionnaires to assess depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)) and anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)). The Ferriman-Gallwey (FG) scores, body mass indexes (BMIs), homeostatic model assessments of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum androgen levels of all patients were obtained. RESULTS Seventy-four of the 107 patients (69.15%) had BDI scores indicating depression, and 47 of the 107 patients (43.9%) had BAI scores indicating anxiety disorders. No difference was found between high BAI and normal BAI patients related to BMI, age, FG scores, testosterone levels, and HOMA-IR levels (P > 0.05), and no difference was found between high BDI and normal BDI patients related to BMI, age, FG scores, free testosterone levels, and HOMA-IR levels. There was a positive correlation between BDI scores and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) levels (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION We found considerable amounts of depression, anxiety, and the coexistence of depression and anxiety in patients with hirsutism. Depression and the severity of depressive symptoms were positively correlated with DHEA-S levels.
Spatiotemporal evolution of seismic and aseismic slip on the Longitudinal Valley Fault, Taiwan

The Longitudinal Valley Fault (LVF) in eastern Taiwan is a high slip rate fault (about 5 cm/yr), which exhibits both seismic and aseismic slip. Deformation of anthropogenic features shows that aseismic creep accounts for a significant fraction of fault slip near the surface, whereas a fraction of the slip is also seismic, since this fault has produced large earthquakes with five Mw>6.8 events in 1951 and 2003. In this study, we analyze a dense set of geodetic and seismological data around the LVF, including campaign mode Global Positioning System(GPS) measurements, time series of daily solutions for continuous GPS stations (cGPS), leveling data, and accelerometric records of the 2003 Chenkung earthquake. To enhance the spatial resolution provided by these data, we complement them with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurements produced from a series of Advanced Land Observing Satellite images processed using a persistent scatterer technique. The combined data set covers the entire LVF and spans the period from 1992 to 2010. We invert this data to infer the temporal evolution of fault slip at depth using the Principal Component Analysis‐based Inversion Method. This technique allows the joint inversion of diverse data, taking the advantage of the spatial resolution given by the InSAR measurements and the temporal resolution afforded by the cGPS data. We find that (1) seismic slip during the 2003 Chengkung earthquake occurred on a fault patch which had remained partially locked in the interseismic period, (2) the seismic rupture propagated partially into a zone of shallow aseismic interseismic creep but failed to reach the surface, and (3) that aseismic afterslip occurred around the area that ruptured seismically. We find consistency between geodetic and seismological constraints on the partitioning between seismic and aseismic creep. About 80–90% of slip on the southern section of LVF in the 0–26 km, seismogenic depth range, is actually aseismic. We infer that the clay‐rich Lichi Mélange is the key factor promoting aseismic creep at shallow depth.
CONFIRM-Clustering Of Noisy Form Images using Robust Metrics

The ability to automatically cluster large collections of noisy form images according to form type would improve the efficiency of organizations that currently do this by hand. Some noisy form collections contain form types that are structurally very similar, but should cluster apart. To address this issue, we propose CONFIRM Clustering Of Noisy Form Images using Robust Metrics. CONFIRM uses a novel technique to match form text and rule lines to create vector representations of each form. A Random Forest classifier is then used to learn a pairwise similarity metric for use in Spectral Clustering. Validation is provided on the NIST tax forms as well as several historical forms datasets.
Culture Conditions Affect Cardiac Differentiation Potential of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), are capable of differentiating into any cell type in the human body and thus can be used in studies of early human development, as cell models for different diseases and eventually also in regenerative medicine applications. Since the first derivation of hESCs in 1998, a variety of culture conditions have been described for the undifferentiated growth of hPSCs. In this study, we cultured both hESCs and hiPSCs in three different culture conditions: on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) and SNL feeder cell layers together with conventional stem cell culture medium containing knockout serum replacement and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), as well as on a Matrigel matrix in mTeSR1 medium. hPSC lines were subjected to cardiac differentiation in mouse visceral endodermal-like (END-2) co-cultures and the cardiac differentiation efficiency was determined by counting both the beating areas and Troponin T positive cells, as well as studying the expression of OCT-3/4, mesodermal Brachyury T and NKX2.5 and endodermal SOX-17 at various time points during END-2 differentiation by q-RT-PCR analysis. The most efficient cardiac differentiation was observed with hPSCs cultured on MEF or SNL feeder cell layers in stem cell culture medium and the least efficient cardiac differentiation was observed on a Matrigel matrix in mTeSR1 medium. Further, hPSCs cultured on a Matrigel matrix in mTeSR1 medium were found to be more committed to neural lineage than hPSCs cultured on MEF or SNL feeder cell layers. In conclusion, culture conditions have a major impact on the propensity of the hPSCs to differentiate into a cardiac lineage.
Real-Time In Vivo Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

The confocal scanning microscope is well-known for its ability to perform optical sectioning: a thin plane or section within a thick turbid medium is non-invasively imaged with high resolution and contrast [1]. Since its invention and development, confocal scanning microscopes have been extensively used in biomedicine for imaging human and animal tissues in vivo. Nuclear, cellular and morphologic detail is imaged in living intact tissue without having to physically excise and prepare thin sections or cultures. By comparison, the conventional microscope images nuclear and cellular detail either within prepared thin sections or in culture (in vitro). Histology is a well-known example: it involves the removal of tissue (biopsy), followed by fixing or freezing, cutting into thin sections with a microtome, staining with hematoxylin-and-eosin or other dyes to enhance contrast, and finally, viewing with the microscope.
Lane recognition based on location of raised pavement markers

Lane recognition plays an important role in driver assistance systems. Many Lane recognition methods have been proposed until now. But most methods are used to recognize the traditional painted lines and can't work on the road where there are only raised pavement lane markers such as reflective markers and bots dots. Lane recognition on this kind of roads is a difficult problem especially in the daytime for the raised pavement markers are poorly visible and not reflected. In this paper, a novel solution for lane recognition in this case is presented. Firstly, the dot filters and the OLS templates are proposed for location of raised pavement markers. Then a line fitting method based on Hough transform and clustering is used on the accumulation image of raised pavement markers to detect the implicit lane. The experimental results under various scenes show that the proposed method is effective and can be implemented in real-time.
Effect of Precuring Warming on Mechanical Properties of Restorative Composites

To investigate the effect of prepolymerization warming on composites' mechanical properties, three composites were evaluated: Clearfil Majesty (CM) (Kuraray), Z-100 (3M/ESPE), and Light-Core (LC) (Bisco). Specimens were prepared from each composite at room temperature as control and 2 higher temperatures (37°C and 54°C) to test surface hardness (SH), compressive strength (CS), and diametral tensile strength (DTS). Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher's LSD tests. Results revealed that prewarming CM and Z100 specimens significantly improved their SH mean values (P < 0.05). Prewarming also improved mean CS values of Z100 specimens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, DTS mean value of CM prepared at 52° was significantly higher than that of room temperature specimens (P < 0.05). KHN, CS, and DTS mean values varied significantly among the three composites. In conclusion, Prewarming significantly enhanced surface hardness of 2 composites. Prewarming also improved bulk properties of the composites; however, this improvement was significant in only some of the tested materials.
An Evidential Path Logic for Multi-Relational Networks

Multi-relational networks are used extensively to structure knowledge. Perhaps the most popular instance, due to the widespread adoption of the Semantic Web, is the Resource Description Framework (RDF). One of the primary purposes of a knowledge network is to reason; that is, to alter the topology of the network according to an algorithm that uses the existing topological structure as its input. There exist many such reasoning algorithms. With respect to the Semantic Web, the bivalent, axiomatic reasoners of the RDF Schema (RDFS) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) are the most prevalent. However, nothing prevents other forms of reasoning from existing in the Semantic Web. This article presents a non-bivalent, non-axiomatic, evidential logic and reasoner that is an algebraic ring over a multi-relational network and two binary operations that can be composed to perform various forms of inference. Given its multi-relational grounding, it is possible to use the presented evidential framework as another method for structuring knowledge and reasoning in the Semantic Web. The benefits of this framework are that it works with arbitrary, partial, and contradictory knowledge while, at the same time, supporting a tractable approximate reasoning process.
Linking geography to reading and English language learners’ achievement in US elementary and middle school classrooms

The GeoLiteracy for English language learners (ELLs) program is a curriculum that enhances reading and writing skills while teaching geography content for US students in kindergarten through eighth grades. The program includes 85 lesson plans that address all US national geography standards, a quarter of which address environmental issues. The program also includes methodology and materials aimed at meeting the academic needs of the growing population of ELLs in the United States. This article describes a study conducted in three US states that examined the effects of GeoLiteracy for English Language Learners on reading comprehension of third to eighth grade students. The findings reveal that reading comprehension achievement of students, especially ELLs, who used GeoLiteracy improved or maintained. Thus, offering geography education to ELLs not only promotes the discipline but also improves reading comprehension. This study uncovered a number of bureaucratic, political and philosophical issues related to the education of ELLs in the state of Arizona, which could mirror issues in other US states.
Pianola - Visualization of Multivariate Time-Series Security Event Data

Monitoring log files for network intrusions is unwieldy. To build a mental model of the log, an analyst is required to recognise continuous timelines and attack patterns from a dataset that is essentially limited to an ordered list of events. Information Visualization techniques arrange data into directly perceivable visual patterns that may alleviate some overheads associated with interpreting these datasets and improve the ability of users, especially those in resource-stretched Small and Medium sized Businesses (SMBs), to make sense of activity patterns in Intrusion Detection System (IDS) event logs. To this end, we discuss existing network security visualizations for IDS logs and after examining the strengths and drawbacks of those applications we have prototyped a visualization tool, Pianola, that arranges events on multiple timelines to reveal patterns both in time and across a network. The tool was evaluated against the traditional use of command-line interface (CLI)-based tools for analyzing network security events and displayed significant improvements in both recognition and detection of attacks and reduction in the users' subjective workload, measured using the NASA Task Load index (TLX).
Inspiration peak: exploring the semantic distance between design problem and textual inspirational stimuli

The selection of sources of inspiration is a crucial moment while designing, as it can enhance design creativity. Designers seem to prefer using pictorial representation modalities despite empirical investigations indicating possible disadvantages of such unimodal approaches. Therefore, it is valid to ask whether designers are disregarding other available stimuli, such as textual representations. In order to answer this question and to find out about the usefulness of different textual stimuli during ideation phases, we exposed novice designers to three types of written stimuli, with different semantic levels. The results indicate that between close and very distant related types of stimuli, there is an intermediate type that is likely to stimulate participants to generate a larger number of more flexible and original ideas. This intermediate type of stimulus seems to prompt designers to generate ideas that are more creative in terms of fluency, flexibility, and originality. Conversely, the too close and the too distant stimuli reveal being less useful for creative problem solving. Looking into alternative types of stimuli, as well as stimuli entailing varying levels of distance with the problem at hand, can possibly help designers in increasing their creative potential.
Replicating mining studies with SOFAS

The replication of studies in mining software repositories (MSR) is essential to compare different mining techniques or assess their findings across many projects. However, it has been shown that very few of these studies can be easily replicated. Their replication is just as fundamental as the studies themselves and is one of the main threats to validity that they suffer from. In this paper, we show how we can alleviate this problem with our SOFAS framework. SOFAS is a platform that enables a systematic and repeatable analysis of software projects by providing extensible and composable analysis workflows. These workflows can be applied on a multitude of software projects, facilitating the replication and scaling of mining studies. In this paper, we show how and to which degree replication can be achieved. We investigated the mining studies of MSR from 2004 to 2011 and found that from 88 studies published in the MSR proceedings so far, we can fully replicate 25 empirical studies. Additionally, we can replicate 27 additional studies to a large extent. These studies account for 30% and 32%, respectively, of the mining studies published. To support our claim we describe in detail one large study that we replicated and discuss how replication with SOFAS works for the other studies investigated. To discuss the potential of our platform we also characterise how studies can be easily enriched to deliver even more comprehensive answers by extending the analysis workflows provided by the platform.