Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cybercrime: The Psychology of Online Offenders

Cybercrime is a growing problem in the modern world. Despite the many advantages of computers, they have spawned a number of crimes, such as hacking and virus writing, and made other crimes more prevalent and easier to commit, including music piracy, identity theft and child sex offences. Understanding the psychology behind these crimes helps to determine what motivates and characterises offenders and how such crimes can be prevented. This textbook on the psychology of the cybercriminal is the first written for undergraduate and postgraduate students of psychology, criminology, law, forensic science and computer science. It requires no specific background knowledge and covers legal issues, offenders, effects on victims, punishment and preventative measures for a wide range of cybercrimes. Introductory chapters on forensic psychology and the legal issues of cybercrime ease students into the subject, and many pedagogical features in the book and online provide support for the student.
View-based Maps

Robotic systems that can create and use visual maps in real-time have obvious advantages in many applications, from automatic driving to mobile manipulation in the home. In this paper we describe a mapping system based on retaining stereo views of the environment that are collected as the robot moves. Connections among the views are formed by consistent geometric matching of their features. Out-of-sequence matching is the key problem: how to find connections from the current view to other corresponding views in the map. Our approach uses a vocabulary tree to propose candidate views, and a strong geometric filter to eliminate false positives: essentially, the robot continually re-recognizes where it is. We present experiments showing the utility of the approach on video data, including incremental map building in large indoor and outdoor environments, map building without localization, and re-localization when lost.
Designing and evaluating a clustering system for organizing and integrating patient drug outcomes in personal health messages

Patient outcomes to drugs vary, but physicians currently have little data about individual responses. We designed a comprehensive system to organize and integrate patient outcomes utilizing semantic analysis, which groups large collections of personal comments into a series of topics. A prototype implementation was built to extract situational evidences by filtering and digesting user comments provided by patients. Our methods do not require extensive training or dictionaries, while categorizing comments based on expert opinions from standard source, or patient-specified categories. This system has been tested with sample health messages from our unique dataset from Yahoo! Groups, containing 12M personal messages from 27K public groups in Health and Wellness. We have performed an extensive evaluation of the clustering results with medical students. Evaluated results show high quality of labeled clustering, promising an effective automatic system for discovering patient outcomes from large volumes of health information.
Using the local elevation method to construct optimized umbrella sampling potentials: Calculation of the relative free energies and interconversion barriers of glucopyranose ring conformers in water

A method is proposed to combine the local elevation (LE) conformational searching and the umbrella sampling (US) conformational sampling approaches into a single local elevation umbrella sampling (LEUS) scheme for (explicit‐solvent) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this approach, an initial (relatively short) LE build‐up (searching) phase is used to construct an optimized biasing potential within a subspace of conformationally relevant degrees of freedom, that is then used in a (comparatively longer) US sampling phase. This scheme dramatically enhances (in comparison with plain MD) the sampling power of MD simulations, taking advantage of the fact that the preoptimized biasing potential represents a reasonable approximation to the negative of the free energy surface in the considered conformational subspace. The method is applied to the calculation of the relative free energies of β‐D‐glucopyranose ring conformers in water (within the GROMOS 45A4 force field). Different schemes to assign sampled conformational regions to distinct states are also compared. This approach, which bears some analogies with adaptive umbrella sampling and metadynamics (but within a very distinct implementation), is shown to be: (i) efficient (nearly all the computational effort is invested in the actual sampling phase rather than in searching and equilibration); (ii) robust (the method is only weakly sensitive to the details of the build‐up protocol, even for relatively short build‐up times); (iii) versatile (a LEUS biasing potential database could easily be preoptimized for small molecules and assembled on a fragment basis for larger ones). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
Hipparcos absolute magnitudes for metal-rich K giants and the calibration of DDO photometry

ABSTRACT Parallaxes for 581 bright K giants have been determined using the Hipparcossatellite. We combine the trigonometric parallaxes with ground based photometricdata to determine the K giant absolute magnitudes. For all these giants, absolutemagnitude estimates can also be made using the intermediate band photometric DDOsystem (Janes 1975, 1979). We compare the DDO absolute magnitudes with the veryaccurateHipparcosabsolute magnitudes, ﬁnding various systematicoﬀsets in the DDOsystem. These systematic eﬀects can be corrected, and we provide a new calibration ofthe DDO system allowing absolute magnitude to be determined with an accuracy of0.35 mag in the range 2 > M V > −1. The new calibration performs well when testedon K giants with DDO photometry in a selection of low reddening open-clusters withwell-measured distance moduli. 1 INTRODUCTIONK giants are bright and ubiquitious, occuring in a wide rangeof Galactic populations, and are convenient tracer objectsfor examining the structure and kinematics of the Galaxy.The chief diﬃculty with these objects has been the uncer-tainty in their absolute magnitudes, which arises from thefact that stars on the giant branch form from a wide rangeof mass and age, as well as the giant branch being rathersteep as a function of colour. K giants span a broad rangeof absolute magnitude M
Adaptive Mode Selection in Multiuser MISO Cognitive Networks With Limited Cooperation and Feedback

In this paper, we consider a multiuser (MU) multiple-input-single-output (MISO) downlink cognitive network coexisting with a primary network. With the purpose of exploiting the spatial degree of freedom to counteract the internetwork interference and intranetwork (interuser) interference simultaneously, we propose performing zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) at the multiantenna cognitive base station (BS) based on the instantaneous channel state information (CSI). The challenge of designing ZFBF in cognitive networks lies in how to obtain the interference CSI. To solve it, we introduce a limited internetwork cooperation protocol, namely, the quantized CSI conveyance from the primary receiver to the cognitive BS via purchase. Clearly, the more the feedback amount, the better the performance, but the higher the feedback cost. To achieve a balance between the performance and feedback cost, we take the maximization of the feedback utility function (FUF), which is defined as the difference of the average sum rate and feedback cost while satisfying the interference constraint, as the optimization objective, and derive the transmission mode and feedback amount joint optimization scheme. Moreover, we quantitatively investigate the impact of CSI feedback delay and obtain the corresponding optimization scheme. Furthermore, through asymptotic analysis, we present some simple schemes. Finally, numerical results confirm the effectiveness of our theoretical claims.
Design and Validation of an Analytical Model to Evaluate Monitoring Frameworks Limits

It is essential that a monitoring system is being designed with performance and scalability in mind. But due to the diversity and complexity of both the monitoring and the monitored systems, it is currently difficult to reason on both performance and scalability using ad hoc techniques. Thus, both simulation is required and analytical models based on well established techniques such as queueing theory have to be developed. In this paper we provide an analytical modeling of the behavior of the commonly used manager-agent monitoring frameworks within two scenarios: single manager-single agent and single manager-multiple agents. The two designed models enable the automation of the estimation of the scalability limit of the two types of management monitoring schemes regarding a performance metric like the monitoring delay. We validate our developed models through simulation based on parameters values obtained from the performance measurement of a life running JMX-based monitoring applications with the two scenarios.
A Parallel Framework for Video Super-Resolution

In this paper, we propose a framework for acquiring super-resolution videos from low-resolution originals. Given that super-resolution conversion algorithms require a large amount of data processing, the proposed framework uses a set of strategies to improve performance and computational efficiency. The strategies consists of a combination of data simplification and parallel processing techniques. The simplification strategies are used to decrease the amount of data to process and, consequently, the required processing time. The parallel processing techniques are designed so that major modifications of the super-resolution algorithms are not required. The framework is fast and makes the video resolution increase timely.
Stockbot: a monitoring and acting software agent for stock markets

Stockbot is a software agent designed for the task of monitoring an electronic stock market in order to execute investor purchase or sale orders. Stockbot represents a tool for managing the dynamical complexity of electronic stock markets by establishing a virtual portfolio manager. Its main goal is to exhibit a behaviour which is a timely, continuous, dynamical response to changes in the market situations in accordance to the user profile and goals. The software agent maintains and dynamically updates a user model which records histories of previous user orders, patterns of user observed behaviour, and user preferences and goals. The software architecture integrates conventional and knowledge-based software technologies such as conditional and iterative planning, continuous conditions monitoring, robust failure management, inter-agent communication primitives and events networks. A Dynamical Query Language is used to describe stockbot behaviour. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving Mechanical Properties by KENAF Natural Long Fiber Reinforced Composite for Automotive Structures

Natural fibers have recently become attractive to automotive industry as an alternative reinforcement for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The best way to increase the fuel efficiency without sacrificing safety is to employ fiber reinforced composite materials in the body of the cars so that weight reduction can be achieved. Designing the structures with the focus on improvement aspects is very important in the automotive industry. The goals are to increase the performance of the beams and also to find the solution to reduce the cost of beams hence able to reduce the production cost. The latest thermo plastic developments have resulted in higher material properties and more possibilities in the design of bumper beams. However the use of steel, Aluminum, Glass mat thermoplastics (GMT), sheet metal components (SMC) Bumpers becomes at higher cost than long fiber reinforced thermoplastics. This research is focused on partially eco-friendly hybrid long fiber reinforced thermo plastics with natural kenaf fiber to enhance the desired mechanical properties for car bumper beams as automotive structural components. A specimen without any modifier is tested and compared with a typical bumper beam material called LFRT. the results indicate that some mechanical properties such as tensile strength, young's modulus, flexural strength an flexural modulus are more advantages to LFRT, the new material also must improve the ability to absorb more impact load and increase the protection of the front car component.
A Finite Element Approximation of the Stokes Equations

In this work, a numerical solution of the incompressible Stokes equations is proposed. The method suggested is based on an algorithm of discretization by the unstable of Q1 – P0 velocity/pressure finite element approximation. It is shown that the inf-sup stability constant is O(h) in two dimensions and O( ) in three dimensions. The ba sic tool in the analysis is the method of modified equations which is applied to finite difference representations of the underlying finite element equations. In order to evaluate the performance of the method, the numerical results are compared with some previously published works or with others coming from commercial code like Adina system. 2 h
Role of central catecholaminergic pathways in the actions of endogenous ANG II on sympathetic reflexes

Gaudet, Elisabeth A. , Shirley J. Godwin, and Geoffrey A. Head. Role of central catecholaminergic pathways in the actions of endogenous ANG II on sympathetic reflexes. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 44): R1174–R1184, 1998. —In the present study, we examined the effect of blockade of the brain stem renin-angiotensin system on renal sympathetic baroreflexes and chemoreflexes in conscious rabbits and examined the role of central catecholaminergic pathways in these responses. Eleven rabbits underwent preliminary surgical instrumentation and pretreatment with central 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 500 μg/kg) or ascorbic acid 6 wk before the commencement of the experiments. Baroreflex curves were determined under conditions of normoxia and hypoxia (10% O2 1 3% CO2) before and after central administration of either Ringer solution, the ANG II receptor antagonist losartan (10 μg), or the angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor enalaprilat (500 ng) on separate days. Losartan increased the upper plateau and the range of the mean arterial pressure (MAP)-renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) curve (79 and 78%, respectively) in intact rabbits, whereas this effect was not observed in 6-OHDApretreated rabbits. Hypoxia elicited an increase in resting RSNA (111% in intact rabbits and 74% in 6-OHDA-injected rabbits) and elevated the upper plateau of the RSNA-MAP curve in both groups (89% in intact rabbits and 114% in 6-OHDA-injected rabbits). During hypoxia, losartan and enalaprilat increased the RSNA upper plateau in intact rabbits but had no effect in 6-OHDA-pretreated rabbits. No effects on the MAP-heart rate baroreflex curves were observed. Thus the effect of losartan to increase RSNA, particularly during hypoxia and baroreceptor unloading, being abolished by central noradrenergic depletion suggests that the endogenous ANG II which normally causes an inhibition of renal sympathetic motoneurons is dependent on the integrity of central catecholaminergic pathways.
Improving Summarization Performance by Sentence Compression — A Pilot Study

In this paper we study the effectiveness of applying sentence compression on an extraction based multi-document summarization system. Our results show that pure syntactic-based compression does not improve system performance. Topic signature-based reranking of compressed sentences does not help much either. However reranking using an oracle showed a significant improvement remains possible.
Environmental taxonomy of power scavenging techniques for autonomous self powered wireless sensors

Power is a critical issue in wireless sensor node, because in most of the applications it is difficult or in some cases impossible to replace or replenish the battery. This research surveys, summarizes and categorize the possible solutions to harvest required power of wireless sensor node from the working environment. Sensors are divided in different categories according to their application and working environment and possible solutions for harvesting energy in each category discussed. Furthermore with applying hybrid techniques sensor node will be able to supply its own power using environmental phenomenon and whatever it senses or have access to.
Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation Open Access Gait Rehabilitation Machines Based on Programmable Footplates

Background: Gait restoration is an integral part of rehabilitation of brain lesioned patients. Modern concepts favour a task-specific repetitive approach, i.e. who wants to regain walking has to walk, while tone-inhibiting and gait preparatory manoeuvres had dominated therapy before. Following the first mobilization out of the bed, the wheelchair-bound patient should have the possibility to practise complex gait cycles as soon as possible. Steps in this direction were treadmill training with partial body weight support and most recently gait machines enabling the repetitive training of even surface gait and even of stair climbing.
A Daily Diary Approach to Understanding Cyberbullying Experiences Among Latino Adolescents: Links with Emotional, Physical and School Adjustment

With the growing use of electronic communication devices among adolescents, bullying encounters are no longer limited to the school grounds and cyberbullying is becoming increasingly more common. The current study examines how daily cyberbullying experiences among Latino adolescents are associated with their emotional and physical well-being as well as their school adjustment. High school students (N = 136) from predominately Latino backgrounds (88%) completed a baseline questionnaire and daily checklists across five consecutive school days that assessed a variety of school and online events, activities and emotions. Across, the one-week span, 20% of adolescents reported experiencing a cyberbullying incident on at least one day. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) results revealed that daily cyberbullying experiences were associated with greater feelings of distress, anger, shame and physical symptoms, even after accounting for average levels of cyberbullying and school bullying experiences. Daily cyberbullying experiences were also related to feeling less safe at school and more attendance problems, but were not associated with school belonging and academic problems, at the daily level. Results from the daily mediation models indicated that distress and perceptions of school safety accounted for the association between cyberbullying experiences and attendance problems. Moreover, support for the protective role of spending time with friends was found, such that on days that adolescents were cyberbullied and spent time with friends they were less likely to report feelings of distress, anger and were also less likely to report attendance problems, compared to teens who did not spend time with their friends during the day. The results demonstrate that although Latino adolescents may not encounter cyberbullying incidents on a routine basis, any single incident of cyberbullying is associated with changes in their emotional and physical well-being, as well as school adjustment.
The Role of Haptoglobin Genotypes in Chagas Disease

Although the number of people infected with T. cruzi is on the rise, host genetic and immune components that are crucial in the development of the Chagas disease have been discovered. We investigated the frequency of polymorphisms in the gene encoding haptoglobin of patients with chronic Chagas disease. The results suggest that while the HP1-1 genotype may confer protection against infection and the development of chronic Chagas disease due to the rapid metabolism of the Hp1-1-Hb complex and its anti-inflammatory activity, the presence of HP2-2 genotype may increase susceptibility towards a chronic condition of the disease due to a slow metabolism of the Hp2-2-Hb complex, lower antioxidant activity, and increased inflammatory reactivity, which lead to cell damage and a deterioration of the cardiac function. Finally, correlations between HP genotypes in different age groups and cardiac manifestations suggest that HP polymorphism could influence the prognosis of this infectious disease. This study shows some of the relevant aspects of the haptoglobin gene polymorphism and its implications in the T. cruzi infection.
Prospective study on the expression of cancer testis genes and antibody responses in 100 consecutive patients with primary breast cancer

To determine the expression of cancer testis (CT) genes and antibody responses in a nonselected population of patients with primary breast cancer, we investigated the composite expression of 11 CT genes by RT‐PCR in fresh biopsies of 100 consecutive cases of primary breast carcinoma and by immunohistology in selected RT‐PCR‐positive cases. Antibody responses against 7 CT antigens were analyzed using recombinant antigen expression on yeast surface. In 98 evaluable cases, SCP‐1 and SSX‐4 were expressed most frequently (both 65%), followed by HOM‐TES‐85/CT‐8 (47%), GAGE (26%), SSX‐1 (20%), NY‐ESO‐1 (13%), MAGE‐3 (11%), SSX‐2 (8%), CT‐10 (7%), MAGE‐4 (4%) and CT‐7 (1%). One CT gene was expressed by 90% of the cases; 79% expressed ≥2, 48% ≥3, 29% ≥4, 12% ≥5, 6% ≥6, 3% ≥7, 2% ≥8 and one case coexpressed 9 antigens. Of 100 serum samples screened for CT antigen‐specific antibodies, antibodies against NY‐ESO‐1 were detected in 4 patients, against SCP‐1 in 6 patients and against SSX‐2 in 1 patient, while no antibodies were detected against MAGE‐3, CT‐7 and CT‐10. Expression of CT genes or antibody responses was not correlated with clinical parameters (menopausal status, tumor size, nodal involvement, grading, histology and estrogen receptor status) or the demonstration of CT gene expression at the protein level, by immunohistology. Our results show that breast carcinomas are among the tumors with the most frequent expression of CT antigens, rendering many patients potential candidates for vaccine trials. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study of occlusion problem in stereo matching

The occlusion problem in the field of stereo matching is analyzed systematically by finding out reasons why the problem arises. Combining the literature published in recent years, the ideas and algorithms to solve the occlusion problem are summarized and classified. The contribution of this paper is to help other researchers to gain an overall understanding of occlusion, which enables them to choose suitable post-processing algorithms and improves the performance of stereo matching algorithm.
Satellite Active Fire Product Validation Using High Spatial Resolution Reference Data

* Corresponding author. Abstract – Current satellite active fire products provide a snapshot of biomass burning activity at regional to global scales. In order to assess the performance of those products, it is important to: (i) have near-coincident reference data to avoid validation artefacts due to short-term variations in fire conditions; and (ii) to be able to represent the entire active fire line and adjacent smouldering areas, as well as the surrounding fire-free background that will normally be used by contextual fire algorithms in the classification of a fire pixel. In this study, we present the results from the global scale assessment of the EOS/Terra MODIS 1km active fire product (MOD14) based on the use of near-coincident 30m Landsat-class reference data. The validation methodology is also demonstrated for other fire products, with a focus on the next generation NPP/VIIRS and GOES-R/ABI preand post-launch active fire validation plans using Landsat-class and airborne reference data.