Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combining Model-Based and Capture-Replay Testing Techniques of Graphical User Interfaces: An Industrial Approach

Various approaches for the automated test case generation and execution in the area of graphical user interface testing (GUI) have emerged in recent years. Two notable trends are model-based testing as well as capture and replay technique. In this contribution we present an approach which allows a meaningful combination of both in order to be able to derive fully executable test cases from usage-models and to keep them highly maintainable in a SCRUM process. We first define a set of re-useable test steps by means of a capture and replay tool (TAISpy). Next, we show how it is possible to directly integrate these test steps into the usage models of a GUI and subsequently to generate executable test cases from them without further refinement or transformation to other formats. General idea, implemented architecture, tool chain and, finally, a case study are presented.
On Building Semantically Enhanced Location-Based Social Networks.

Currently, most social content sites enable users to enrich their tags with semantic metadata, such as geographic metadata in the case of Location- Based Social Networks (LBSN). However geographic metadata alone only unveils a very specific facet of a tag, leading to the need for general purpose semantic metadata. This paper introduces DYSCS - Do it Yourself Social Content Sites - a platform that combines Web 2.0 and Semantic Web technologies for assisting users in creating their own LBSN enriched with semantics. DYSCS improves information organization and retrieval and provides distinct functionalities such as multimodal interface. Because of its ontology driven architecture, DYSCS is highly reusable and interoperable.
Reproducing opportunistic connectivity traces using connectivity models

Opportunistic networking is a new communication paradigm which explores the potential of inter-device contacts due to human mobility [3, 5]. Intermittent connectivity, non existence of an end-to-end path between nodes and extreme dynamism in topological structure are inherent characteristics of opportunistic networking [2, 5]. In opportunistic networking devices make control and management decisions by themselves with locally available information. The unique differences that draw the line between opportunistic networking and other legacy networking environments call for newer approaches for systems development.
Dynamic ubiquitination drives herpesvirus neuroinvasion

Significance The neuroinvasive herpesviruses cause a wide range of diseases in humans and livestock. These viruses have the unusual ability to routinely enter the mammalian nervous system following infection of mucous membranes. Although infection is often asymptomatic, the consequences of the resulting lifelong nervous system infections are not fully understood. This study uncovers two opposing nervous system protective barriers that the virus defeats by changing its properties during the course of infection. The molecular switch governing this change underlies the herpesvirus neuroinvasive phenotype. Neuroinvasive herpesviruses display a remarkable propensity to enter the nervous system of healthy individuals in the absence of obvious trauma at the site of inoculation. We document a repurposing of cellular ubiquitin during infection to switch the virus between two invasive states. The states act sequentially to defeat consecutive host barriers of the peripheral nervous system and together promote the potent neuroinvasive phenotype. The first state directs virus access to nerve endings in peripheral tissue, whereas the second delivers virus particles within nerve fibers to the neural ganglia. Mutant viruses locked in either state remain competent to overcome the corresponding barrier but fail to invade the nervous system. The herpesvirus “ubiquitin switch” may explain the unusual ability of these viruses to routinely enter the nervous system and, as a consequence, their prevalence in human and veterinary hosts.
Functionally Defective High-Density Lipoprotein and Paraoxonase: A Couple for Endothelial Dysfunction in Atherosclerosis

The endothelium is the primary target for biochemical or mechanical injuries caused by the putative risk factors of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction represents the ultimate link between atherosclerotic risk factors that promote atherosclerosis. HDL-C is thought to exert at least some parts of its antiatherogenic facilities via stimulating endothelial NO production, nearby inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. HDL-C is capable of opposing LDL's inductive effects and avoiding the ox-LDL's inhibition of eNOS. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an HDL-associated enzyme esterase which appears to contribute to the antioxidant and antiatherosclerotic capabilities of HDL-C. “Healthy HDL,” namely the particle that contains the active Paraoxonase 1, has the power to suppress the formation of oxidized lipids. “Dysfunctional HDL,” on the contrary, has reduced Paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity and not only fails in its mission but also potentially leads to greater formation of oxidized lipids/lipoproteins to cause endothelial dysfunction. The association of HDL-C PON1 and endothelial dysfunction depends largely on the molecules with exact damaging effect on NO synthase coupling. Loss of nitric oxide bioavailability has a pivotal role in endothelial dysfunction preceding the appearance of atherosclerosis. Analyses of HDL-C and Paraoxonase1 would be more important in the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis in the very near future.
A New Class of Holographic Algorithms : Fibonacci Gates

We introduce Fibonacci gates as a polynomial time computable primitive, and develop a theory of holographic algorithms based on these gates. The Fibonacci gates play the role of matchgates in Valiant’s theory [16]. We develop a signature theory and characterize all realizable signatures for Fibonacci gates. For bases of arbitrary dimensions we prove a universal bases collapse theorem. We apply this theory to give new polynomial time algorithms for certain counting problems. We also use this framework to prove that some slight variations of these counting problems are #P-hard.
Synthesis and Molecular Structures of the Lowest Melting Odd- and Even-Numbered α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids—(E)-Hept-2-Enoic Acid and (E)-Oct-2-Enoic Acid

The molecular structures of the two lowest melting odd- and even-numbered α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids—(E)-hept-2-enoic acid (C7) and (E)-oct-2-enoic acid (C8)—are herein reported. The title compounds were crystallized by slow evaporation of ethanolic solutions at −30 °C. C7 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P 1 ¯ with two molecules in the unit cell and C8 in the monoclinic space group C2/c with eight molecules in the unit cell. The unit cell parameters for C7 are: a = 5.3049(2) A, b = 6.6322(3) A, c = 11.1428(5) A, α = 103.972(3)°, β = 97.542(3)°, γ = 90.104(3)°, and V = 376.92(3) A3 (T = 150(2) K). The unit cell parameters for C8 are: a = 19.032(10) A, b = 9.368(5) A, c = 11.520(6) A, β = 123.033(11)°, and V = 1721.80(16) A3 (T = 200(2) K).
Performance issues with general packet radio service

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is being deployed by GSM network operators world-wide, and promises to provide users with “always-on” data access at bandwidths comparable to that of conventional fixed-wire telephone modems. However, many users have found the reality to be rather different, experiencing very disappointing performance when, for example, browsing the web over GPRS. In this paper, we examine the causes, and show how unfortunate interactions between the GPRS link characteristics and TCP/IP protocols lead to poor performance. A performance characterization of the GPRS link-layer is presented, determined through extensive measurements taken over production networks. We present measurements of packet loss rates, bandwidth availability, link stability, and roundtrip time. The effect these characteristics have on TCP behavior are examined, demonstrating how they can result in poor link utilization, excessive packet queueing, and slow recovery from packet losses. Further, we show that the HTTP protocol can compound these issues, leading to dire WWW performance. We go on to show how the use of a transparent proxy interposed near the wired-wireless border can be used to alleviate many of these performance issues without requiring changes to either client or server end systems.
Iterative Krylov Methods for Gravity Problems on Graphics Processing Unit

This paper presents the performance of linear algebra operations together with their uses within iterative Krylov methods for solving the gravity equations on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Numerical experiments performed on a set of real gravity matrices arising from the Chicxulub crater are exposed, showing the performance, robustness andefficiency of our algorithms, with a speed-up of up to thirty in double precision arithmetics.
Gender Differences in the Difficulty in Disengaging from Threat among Children and Adolescents With Social Anxiety

There is some research showing that social anxiety is related with attentional bias to threat. However, others fail to find this relationship and propose that gender differences may play a role. The aim of this study was to investigate the gender differences in the subcomponents of attentional bias to threat (hypervigilance and difficulty in disengaging) among children and adolescents with social anxiety. Overall, 181 youngsters aged between 10 and 14 participated in the current study. Images of disgusted faces were used as threat stimuli in an Exogenous Cueing Task was used to measure the subcomponents of attentional bias. Additionally, the Social Anxiety Scale for Children was used to measure social anxiety. The repeated measures ANOVA showed that male participants with high social anxiety showed difficulty in disengaging from threat, but this was not the case for female participants. Our results indicated that social anxiety is more related with attentional bias to threat among male children and adolescents than females. These findings suggested that developing gender-specific treatments for social anxiety may improve treatment effects.
Online Sexual Violence, Child Pornography or Something Else Entirely? Police Responses to Non-Consensual Intimate Image Sharing among Youth

Due to child pornography laws, non-consensual intimate image sharing among youth is subjected to complex legal landscapes in a variety of jurisdictions such as Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. While a growing number of scholars have problematized the use of child pornography charges to respond to these cases, there remains little understanding regarding how the police that enforce these laws conceptualize this issue and how this influences responses to these cases. Drawing from interviews with members of sex crime–related units in police service organizations from across Canada, this article examines how police conceptions of non-consensual intimate image sharing among youth correspond with and/or diverge from legal and critical understandings of this issue. While it is widely understood that online and digitally enabled forms of sexual violence pose unique challenges for police, our research fills a gap in the literature by examining how police themselves understand and respond to these challenges.
Early adversity disrupts the adult use of aversive prediction errors to reduce fear in uncertainty

Early life adversity increases anxiety in adult rodents and primates, and increases the risk for developing post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) in humans. We hypothesized that early adversity impairs the use of learning signals -negative, aversive prediction errors–to reduce fear in uncertainty. To test this hypothesis, we gave adolescent rats a battery of adverse experiences then assessed adult performance in probabilistic Pavlovian fear conditioning and fear extinction. Rats were confronted with three cues associated with different probabilities of foot shock: one cue never predicted shock, another cue predicted shock with uncertainty, and a final cue always predicted shock. Control rats initially acquired fear to all cues, but rapidly reduced fear to the non-predictive and uncertain cues. Early adversity rats were slower to reduce fear to the non-predictive cue and never fully reduced fear to the uncertain cue. In extinction, all cues were presented in the absence of shock. Fear to the uncertain cue in discrimination, but not early adversity itself, predicted the reduction of fear in extinction. These results demonstrate early adversity impairs the use of negative aversive prediction errors to reduce fear, especially in situations of uncertainty.
The Equidistance Index of Population Structure

Measures of population differentiation, such as FST, are traditionally derived from a partition of heterozygosities within and between populations. However, the emergence of population clusters from multilocus analysis is a function of genetic structure (departures from panmixia) rather than of diversity. If the populations are close to panmixia, slight differences between the mean pairwise distance within and between populations (low FST) can manifest as strong separation between the populations, thus population clusters are often evident even when the vast majority of diversity is partitioned within populations rather than between them. Moreover, because FST is also a function of internal diversity, it does not directly reflect the strength of separation between population clusters. For any given FST value, clusters can be tighter (more panmictic) or looser (more stratified), and in this respect higher FST does not always imply stronger differentiation. Finally, FST as a measure of structure or population distance is a ‘supervised’ measure, in the sense that target populations have to be predefined (samples labeled). In this study we propose a measure for the partition of structure, denoted EST, which is more consistent with results from clustering schemes. Crucially, our measure is based on a statistic of the data that is a good measure of internal structure, mimicking the information extracted by unsupervised clustering or dimensionality reduction schemes. To assess the utility of our metric, we ranked various human (HGDP) population pairs based on FST and EST and found substantial differences in ranking order. In some cases examined, most notably among isolated Amazonian tribes, EST ranking seems more consistent with demographic, phylogeographic and linguistic measures of classification compared to FST. Thus, EST may at times outperform FST in identifying evolutionarily significant differentiation.
Prioritized resource allocation in wireless spectrum pooling

A standard paradigm for the allocation of wireless resources in communication demands symmetry, whereby all users are assumed to be on equal footing and hence get equal shares of communication capabilities. However, there are situations in which “prime users” should be given higher priority, as for example in the transmission of emergency messages. In this paper, we examine a prioritization policy that can be implemented at the physical layer. In particular, we evaluate the performance of a prioritized transmission scheme based on spectrum pooling and on the assignment of higher signal-to-noise ratio channels to higher-priority users. This performance is compared to that of unprioritized (or “symmetric”) schemes, and the impact of prioritization on the unprior-itized users is discussed.
Application Analysis for Parallel Processing

Effective mapping of multimedia applications on massively parallel embedded systems is a challenging demand in the domain of compiler design. The software implementations of emerging multimedia applications are often huge and it is virtually impossible to analyze these applications for parallel processing without generic automated tools. This paper proposes a two step methodology for specifying multimedia applications (video applications in this paper) in form of parallel process networks. In the first step of the proposed methodology, an input program written in a high-level language is translated into a trace tree representation by dynamic analysis. Operations are performed on the trace tree representation of the application to get analysis results. In the second step, results obtained from application analysis are exploited to re-formulate the application in form of parallel process networks expressed in Avel framework. A well known multimedia application MPEG-2 decoder serves as a case study. Experimental results show the applicability of the proposed methodology.
On the use of principal components in contemporany population genetics: a case study

In human Population Genetics, routine applications of principal component techniques are often required. Population biologists make widespread use of certain discrete classifications of human samples into haplotypes, the monophyletic units of phylogenetic trees constructed from several single nucleotide bimorphisms hierarchically ordered. Compositional frequencies of the haplotypes are recorded within the different samples. Principal component techniques are then required as a dimension-reducing strategy to bring the dimension of the problem to a manageable level, say two, to allow for graphical analysis. Population biologists at large are not aware of the special features of compositional data and normally make use of the crude covariance of compositional relative frequencies to construct principal components. In this short note we present our experience with using traditional linear principal components or compositional principal components based on logratios, with reference to a specific dataset
Entity Linking with a Paraphrase Flavor

The task of Named Entity Linking is to link entity mentions in the document to their correct entries in a knowledge base and to cluster NIL mentions. Ambiguous, misspelled, and incomplete entity mention names are the main challenges in the linking process. We propose a novel approach that combines two state-of-the-art models ― for entity disambiguation and for paraphrase detection ― to overcome these challenges. We consider name variations as paraphrases of the same entity mention and adopt a paraphrase model for this task. Our approach utilizes a graph-based disambiguation model based on Personalized Page Rank, and then refines and clusters its output using the paraphrase similarity between entity mention strings. It achieves a competitive performance of 80.5% in B3+F clustering score on diagnostic TAC EDL 2014 data.
Serum lipid levels in Sjögren's syndrome.

OBJECTIVES Altered lipid levels may occur in autoimmune diseases, for example low cholesterol levels have been described in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Serum lipid profiles in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) have not been investigated. We hypothesized decreased lipid levels in SS patients and an inverse relationship with disease activity. METHODS Serum lipid levels [total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides] and additional data regarding disease measures (clinical immunology parameters, focus score from labial salivary gland biopsy, salivary flow and ophthalmological measures) were available for 46 primary SS patients and 12 xerostomic controls. RESULTS Significant differences between SS patients and controls means (s.d.) were seen for HDL (P = 0.04) and total cholesterol (P = 0.02). LDL (P = 0.12) and triglyceride (P = 0.08) levels were not different. In SS patients, but not in controls, total cholesterol (P = 0.003) and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.003) predicted immunoglobulin G levels. Anti-SSA antibodies were related to a lower total cholesterol (P = 0.02) and anti-SSB antibodies to a lower HDL cholesterol level (P = 0.0497). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences were seen in serum lipid levels of primary SS patients and these were associated with serological measures of inflammation. Our results are comparable to earlier findings in RA patients and raise questions related to adverse cardiovascular consequences in SS.
The Set MHT

We introduce the Set MHT, a tracking algorithm that maintains multiple hypotheses and produces “smooth” estimates without the track coalescence often associated with Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) estimation or the jitter associated with Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation. It does this by utilizing Minimum Mean Optimal Subpattern Assignment (MMOSPA) estimation techniques coupled with a theoretically-grounded approach for probabilistically determining the identities of the state estimates. Unlike traditional MHT algorithms, the Set MHT does not “forget” uncertainty in target identities, i.e. display an unjustifiably high confidence level in the target identities, as a result of pruning out competing hypotheses. Rather, it uses merging techniques while avoiding the shortcomings of traditional Gaussian mixture reduction trackers.
ACESS: Adaptive Channel Estimation and Selection Scheme for Coexistence Mitigation in WBANs

A Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) is a communication network that provides both medical and consumer electronics (CE) services by using sensor devices in, on, or around a human body. To provide reliable communication with low power consumption for in-body communication, the IEEE 802.15. 6 provides Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) band and defines its communication policy. However, MICS band communication suffer from the coexistence problem, which causes significant performance degradation due to high-density deployment and network-level mobility of WBANs. In addition, existing coexistence mitigation schemes in IEEE 802.15. 6 do not consider the MICS band. To overcome the coexistence problem, numerous studies have been conducted for multi-channel usage in WBANs, but they just include simple channel selection schemes which do not provide reliable channel selection. This paper proposes an Adaptive Channel Estimation and Selection Scheme (ACESS) for coexistence mitigation in WBANs. The proposed method maintains a history table and predicts the conditions of available channels based on two-state Markov chain with an exponentially controlled channel history, which can control the sensitivity of prediction. Our simulation study show that the proposed scheme can improve communication performance in terms of Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) under coexistence environments with multiple WBANs.
Query expansion based on contextual meaning of the query terms

In this paper, a new method for query expansion is proposed which expands the original query based on the contextual meaning of it. User provides the method with an original query and a set of relevant documents. The term space extracted from the relevant documents by the vector space model is transformed to a topic space by means of latent semantic analysis. The terms’ projections in the topic space are grouped to some clusters called topic clusters. Expansion terms are the terms which have the same topic as the query terms. The results are evaluated by users in Google search engines and evaluation results show that the proposed method improves significantly the user satisfaction. Key words: Query expansion, term clustering, contextual topic, latent semantic analysis, cluster analysis.