Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Simulation of High-Dimensional Stochastic Multiscale PDE Systems

In order to capture the small-scale heterogeneity, two computational multiscale algorithms are developed. The first approach is a stochastic multiscale method. This new method ensures both local and global mass conservation. Starting from a specified covariance function, the stochastic log-permeability is discretized in the stochastic space by using a truncated Karhunen-Loeve expansion with several random variables. Because of the small correlation length of the covariance function, a high stochastic dimensionality often results. Therefore, a newly developed adaptive high-dimensional model representation technique (HDMR) is used in the stochastic space. HDMR decomposes the high-dimensional problem into a set of low-dimensional stochastic subproblems, which are efficiently solved by using an adaptive sparse grid collocation method. Numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy and efficiency of the developed stochastic multiscale method. The second approach is a hybrid method by integrating first-principles kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation with a continuum model. We demonstrate this integrated computational framework by applying it to study the effects of heat and mass transfer on the heterogeneous reaction kinetics. The hybrid reaction model consists of a surface phase domain where catalytic surface reactions occur and a gas-phase boundary layer domain imposed on the catalyst surface where the temperature and pressure gradients exist. The surface phase is described by using site-explicit first-principles KMC simulations. The heat and mass transfer in the gas-phase boundary layer domain, which is represented by thermal and molecular diffusion, is characterized by using the continuum-based method. Simulation results indicate that heat and mass transfer in the gas-phase boundary layer could dramatically affect the observed reaction kinetics at nominal operating reaction condition.
Velocity disturbance rejection for planar bipeds walking with HZD-based control

Robots walking under hybrid zero dynamics (HZD)-based control are susceptible to velocity disturbances because the controller is typically designed for one speed. LQR-based orbital stabilization control is one means to address this issue using feedback on the unactuated velocity. The approach, though, is difficult to implement in real time experimentally even on planar bipeds with relatively few links. This work extracts simple heuristics from simulated planar bipeds rejecting velocity disturbances under orbital stabilization control to approximate that functionality. The heuristics are layered on top of traditional HZD-based control of a five-link planar biped robot for experimental validation. Results show that the heuristically modified controller yields more efficient and more stable walking for the biped than does HZD-based control alone. It also enables rejection of larger decelerating disturbances and more rapid return to the desired walking cycle.
ICASE THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PARALLEL UNSTRUCTURED EULER SOLVER USING SOFTWARE PRIMITIVES

This paper is concerned with the implementation of a three-dimensional unstructured-grid Euler-solver on massively parallel distributed-memory computer architectures. The goal is to minimize solution time by achieving high computational rates with a numerically efficient algorithm. An unstructured multigrid algorithm with an edge-based data-structure has been adopted, and a number of optimizations have been devised and implemented in order to accelerate the parallel computational rates. The implementation is carried out by creating a set of software tools, which provide an interface between the parallelization issues and the sequential code, while providing a basis for future automatic run-time compilation support. Large practical unstructured grid problems are solved on the Intel iPSC/860 hypercube and Intel Touchstone Delta machine. The quantitative effect of the various optimizations are demonstrated, and we show that the combined effect of these optimizations leads to roughly a factor of three performance improvement. The overall solution efficiency is compared with that obtained on the CRAY-YMP vector supercomputer. XResearch
Analysis of Intrinsic Mode Functions: A PDE Approach

The empirical mode decomposition is a powerful tool for signal processing. Because of its original algorithmic, recent works have contributed to its theoretical framework. Following these works, some mathematical contributions on its comprehension and formalism are provided. In this paper, the so called local mean is computed in such a way that it allows the use of differential calculus on envelopes. This new formulation makes us prove that iterations of the sifting process are well approximated by the resolution of partial differential equations (PDE). Intrinsic mode functions are originally defined in a intuitive way. Herein, a mathematical characterization of modes is given with the proposed PDE-based approach.
Positive orientation: Turning potentials into optimal functioning

Gian Vittorio Caprara Professor of Personality Psychology Dean of the 2 Faculty of Psychology “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy Background Over recent years, a rapidly growing body of research has focused on human strengths and individual optimal functioning. Findings point to the critical role that people’s evaluations of themselves, their life and their future exert with respect to their wellbeing and success across a variety of domains of functioning (Diener & Suh, 2000; Kahneman, Diener, & Schwartz, 1999). In particular self-esteem, life satisfaction and optimism, are often correlated with a number of outcomes that attest to individual optimal functioning and feeling good, such as health, job success, and interpersonal positive relationships (Lyubomirsky, King, & Diener 2005; Psyzczynski, Greenberg, Solomon, Arnt, & Schimel, 2004; Scheier & Carver, 2001).
Testing Asynchronous Circuits: a Survey 1 Testing Asynchronous Circuits: a Survey

Asynchronous circuit design has been studied for decades, but it has only recently been feasible to construct large and eecient asynchronous systems. This paper surveys diierent techniques for checking whether an asynchronous circuit has fabrication defects. The inherent diierences between asynchronous and synchronous circuits, primarily that asynchronous circuits do not have a global clock, necessitate a review of the testing techniques used for synchronous circuits and a re-evaluation of the trade-oos involved. New methods that eeciently utilize the structure of asynchronous circuits are possible, most notably self-checking asynchronous circuits can be implemented with little or no circuit overhead.
Verifying PRAM Consistency over Read/Write Traces of Data Replicas

Data replication technologies enable efficient and highly-available data access, thus gaining more and more interests in both the academia and the industry. However, data replication introduces the problem of data consistency. Modern commercial data replication systems often provide weak consistency for high availability under certain failure scenarios. An important weak consistency is Pipelined-RAM (PRAM) consistency. It allows different processes to hold different views of data. To determine whether a data replication system indeed provides PRAM consistency, we study the problem of Verifying PRAM Consistency over read/write traces (or VPC, for short). We first identify four variants of VPC according to a) whether there are Multiple shared variables (or one Single variable), and b) whether write operations can assign Duplicate values (or only Unique values) for each shared variable; the four variants are labeled VPC-SU, VPC-MU, VPC-SD, and VPC-MD. Second, we present a simple VPC-MU algorithm, called RW-CLOSURE. It constructs an operation graph $\mathcal{G}$ by iteratively adding edges according to three rules. Its time complexity is $O(n^5)$, where n is the number of operations in the trace. Third, we present an improved VPC-MU algorithm, called READ-CENTRIC, with time complexity $O(n^4)$. Basically it attempts to construct the operation graph $\mathcal{G}$ in an incremental and efficient way. Its correctness is based on that of RW-CLOSURE. Finally, we prove that VPC-SD (so is VPC-MD) is $\sf{NP}$-complete by reducing the strongly $\sf{NP}$-complete problem 3-PARTITION to it.
A Buffered Flow Control Scheme with Flit Weight-Based Dropping Mechanism for Efficient Communication in NoC

Embedded distributed multimedia applications based on the use of on-chip networks for communication and messages exchange requires specific and enhanced quality of service management. To reach the desired performance at the application level, the NoC router should implement per flit handling strategy with wide granularity. This purpose requires an enhanced internal architecture that ensures from one hand a specific management according to a service classification and from the other hand, it enhances the routing process. In this context, this paper proposes a new mechanism for QoS management in network on chip. This mechanism is based on the use of central memory where flits are in-queued according to their class of service. This scheme enables an optimal flit scheduling phase and provides more capabilities to drop low important flits when the router shows congestion state symptoms. The paper presents, also, a protocol structure that fills with this architecture and introduces a signaling mechanism to make efficient the QoS management through the proposed architecture. The circuit performance and its adaptability to achieve quality of service with low power processing and high bandwidth in on chip multiprocessor systems will be studied in this paper.
Understanding Social Media Peer Communication and Organization–Public Relationships

This study proposed and tested a social media peer communication model that links tie strength, social media dependency, and public–organization social media engagement to the peer communication process as well as organization–public relationship (OPR) outcomes. Through an online survey of 328 American and 304 Chinese social media users, results showed that tie strength and public–organization social engagement are positive predictors of peer communication about companies on social media, which further leads to quality OPRs.
Universality and diversity of folding mechanics for three-helix bundle proteins

In this study we evaluate, at full atomic detail, the folding processes of two small helical proteins, the B domain of protein A and the Villin headpiece. Folding kinetics are studied by performing a large number of ab initio Monte Carlo folding simulations using a single transferable all-atom potential. Using these trajectories, we examine the relaxation behavior, secondary structure formation, and transition-state ensembles (TSEs) of the two proteins and compare our results with experimental data and previous computational studies. To obtain a detailed structural information on the folding dynamics viewed as an ensemble process, we perform a clustering analysis procedure based on graph theory. Moreover, rigorous pfold analysis is used to obtain representative samples of the TSEs and a good quantitative agreement between experimental and simulated Φ values is obtained for protein A. Φ values for Villin also are obtained and left as predictions to be tested by future experiments. Our analysis shows that the two-helix hairpin is a common partially stable structural motif that gets formed before entering the TSE in the studied proteins. These results together with our earlier study of Engrailed Homeodomain and recent experimental studies provide a comprehensive, atomic-level picture of folding mechanics of three-helix bundle proteins.
Development and Plasticity of Outer Retinal Circuitry Following Genetic Removal of Horizontal Cells

The present study examined the consequences of eliminating horizontal cells from the outer retina during embryogenesis upon the organization and assembly of the outer plexiform layer (OPL). Retinal horizontal cells exhibit a migration defect in Lim1-conditional knock-out (Lim1-CKO) mice and become mispositioned in the inner retina before birth, redirecting their dendrites into the inner plexiform layer. The resultant (mature) OPL, developing in the absence of horizontal cells, shows a retraction of rod spherules into the outer nuclear layer and a sprouting of rod bipolar cell dendrites to reach ectopic ribbon-protein puncta. Cone pedicles and the dendrites of type 7 cone bipolar cells retain their characteristic stratification and colocalization within the collapsed OPL, although both are atrophic and the spatial distribution of the pedicles is disrupted. Developmental analysis of Lim1-CKO retina reveals that components of the rod and cone pathways initially co-assemble within their normal strata in the OPL, indicating that horizontal cells are not required for the correct targeting of photoreceptor terminals or bipolar cell dendrites. As the rod spherules begin to retract during the second postnatal week, rod bipolar cells initially show no signs of ectopic growth, sprouting only subsequently and continuing to do so well after the eighth postnatal week. These results demonstrate the critical yet distinctive roles for horizontal cells on the rod and cone pathways and highlight a unique and as-yet-unrecognized maintenance function of an inhibitory interneuron that is not required for the initial targeting and co-stratification of other components in the circuit.
Family–school relationships in immigrant children’s well-being: the intersection of demographics and school culture in the experiences of black African immigrants in the United States

Abstract This article explores the types of family–school relationships that promote academic, socio-economic, and social and emotional well-being of black African immigrant children in the United States. The data are ethnographic, drawing on one year of participant observation and interviews at two elementary schools. The findings are also set within the context of an analysis of data from the New Immigrant Survey. The article identifies mechanisms by which relationships between black African immigrants and schools are created and argues that intersections between demographics and school culture are central, particularly as related to the possibilities for relational power, which can allow parents and school staff to transcend persistent inequalities of race and discrimination.
Ranking-based Clustering on General Heterogeneous Information Networks by Network Projection

Recently there is an increasing attention in heterogeneous information network analysis, which models networked data as networks including different types of objects and relations. Many data mining tasks have been exploited in heterogeneous networks, among which clustering and ranking are two basic tasks. These two tasks are usually done separately, whereas recent researches show that they can mutually enhance each other. Unfortunately, these works are limited to heterogeneous networks with special structures (e.g. bipartite or star-schema network). However, real data are more complex and irregular, so it is desirable to design a general method to manage objects and relations in heterogeneous networks with arbitrary schema. In this paper, we study the ranking-based clustering problem in a general heterogeneous information network and propose a novel solution HeProjI. HeProjI projects a general heterogeneous network into a sequence of sub-networks and an information transfer mechanism is designed to keep the consistency among sub-networks. For each sub-network, a path-based random walk model is built to estimate the reachable probability of objects which can be used for clustering and ranking analysis. Iteratively analyzing each sub-network leads to effective ranking-based clustering. Extensive experiments on three real datasets illustrate that HeProjI can achieve better clustering and ranking performances compared to other well-established algorithms.
Protein-Protein Interaction Extraction: A Supervised Learning Approach}

In this paper, we propose using Maximum Entropy to extract protein-protein interaction information from the literature, which overcomes the limitation of the state of art co-occurrence based and rule-based approaches. It incorporates corpus statistics of various lexical, syntactic and semantic features. We find that the use of shallow lexical features contributes a large portion of performance improvements in contrast to the use of parsing or partial parsing information. Yet such lexical features have never been used before in other PPI extraction systems. As a result, such a new approach achieves a very encouraging result of 93.9% recall and 88.0% precision on IEPA corpus provided. To the best of our knowledge, not only is this the first systematic study of supervised learning and the first attempt of feature-based supervised learning for PPI extraction, but it also provides useful features, such as surrounding words, key words and abbreviations, to extend the supervised learning capability for relation extraction to other domains such as news.
Neutrosophic Crisp Open Set and Neutrosophic Crisp Continuity via Neutrosophic Crisp Ideals

Abstract —The focus of this paper is to propose a new notion of neutrosophic crisp sets via neutrosophic crisp ideals and to study some basic operations and results in neutrosophic crisp topological spaces. Also, neutrosophic crisp L-openness and neutrosophic crisp L- continuity are considered as a generalizations for a crisp and fuzzy concepts. Relationships between the above new neutrosophic crisp notions and the other relevant classes are investigated. Finally, we define and study two different types of neutrosophic crisp functions. Index Terms —Neutrosophic Crisp Set; Neutrosophic Crisp Ideals; Neutrosophic Crisp L-open Sets; Neutrosophic Crisp L- Continuity; Neutrosophic Sets. I. I NTRODUCTION The fuzzy set was introduced by Zadeh [20] in 1965, where each element had a degree of membership. In 1983 the intuitionstic fuzzy set was introduced by K. Atanassov [1, 2, 3] as a generalization of fuzzy set, where besides the degree of membership and the degree of non- membership of each element. Salama et al [11] defined intuitionistic fuzzy ideal and neutrosophic ideal for a set and generalized the concept of fuzzy ideal concepts, first initiated by Sarker [19]. Smarandache [16, 17, 18] defined the notion of neutrosophic sets, which is a generalization of Zadeh's fuzzy set and Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set. Neutrosophic sets have been investigated by Salama et al. [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]. In this paper is to introduce and study some new neutrosophic crisp notions via neutrosophic crisp ideals. Also, neutrosophic crisp L-openness and neutrosophic crisp L- continuity are considered. Relationships between the above new neutrosophic crisp notions and the other relevant classes are investigated. Recently, we define and study two different types of neutrosophic crisp functions. The paper unfolds as follows. The next section briefly introduces some definitions related to , implies neutrosophic set theory and some terminologies of neutrosophic crisp set and neutrosophic crisp ideal. Section 3 presents neutrosophic crisp L- open and neutrosophic crisp L- closed sets. Section 4 presents neutrosophic crisp L–continuous functions. Conclusions appear in the last section. II. P
Training Older Workers: Resource‐Oriented Strategies

The goal of this paper is to outline resource-oriented strategies which may help practitioners provide training that caters for the needs of older workers. Building on resource-oriented frameworks, [the authors] review research that directly or indirectly examines the relationship between age and training performance. [They] identify three personal and three organizational resources which support training performance and participation. The personal resources comprise prior experience, individual characteristics and personal strategies. The organizational resources comprise providing room for time control and autonomy in training, supporting learning-inclined team climates and participative training designs. Practical recommendations focus on personal and organizational resource assessments and personal and structural interventions to optimize resource constellations at the personal and organizational level.
Gender and Hedonic Usage Motive Differences in Social Media Site Usage Behavior

ABSTRACT This study investigates how the user's gender and hedonic usage motive differences influence evaluation and usage of social media sites. This study develops and tests a conceptual model that captures the relationship among four social media site usage determining factors, social media involvement, satisfaction, and usage intention. The moderating role of two user characteristics on the social media site usage behavior is also empirically tested. Structural equation analysis results show significant moderating effects of gender and the hedonic usage motive of users on the evaluation and usage behavior of social media sites. Managerial implications and future research directions are discussed.
Jointly Gaussian PDF-Based Likelihood Ratio Test for Voice Activity Detection

This paper presents a novel voice activity detector (VAD) for improving speech detection robustness in noisy environments and the performance of speech recognition systems in real-time applications. The algorithm is based on a generalized complex Gaussian (GCG) observation model and defines an optimal likelihood ratio test (LRT) involving multiple and correlated observations (MCO) based on jointly Gaussian probability distribution functions (jGpdf). An extensive analysis of the proposed methodology for a low dimensional observation model demonstrates 1) the improved robustness of the proposed approach by means of a clear reduction of the classification error as the number of observations is increased, and 2) the tradeoff between the number of observations and the detection performance. The proposed strategy is also compared to different VAD methods including the G.729, AMR, and AFE standards, as well as other recently reported algorithms showing a sustained advantage in speech/nonspeech detection accuracy and speech recognition performance.
Energy-aware joint source-channel coding control for quality-optimized wireless multimedia communications

In this paper we propose an energy-aware scheme using joint source-channel coding (JSCC) with unequal error protection (UEP) for scalable video delivery over packet-lossy networks. The proposed cross-layer approach jointly consider the error protection at the physical layer, the energy consumption at the MAC layer, and the quality of service (QoS) at the application layer. Bits are optimally allocated based on the source compression and the channel correction coding, in accordance to both the wireless channel conditions and the energy constraints. For a certain intra refreshing rate of source coding, the UEP scheme is capable of optimally allocating the channel redundancy among frames, with the lowest video distortion and energy consumption in wireless transmission. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed energy-aware JSCC scheme can significantly improve the video QoS, while the energy constraint is satisfied and the complexity associated with performing the cross-layer JSCC grouping algorithm is acceptable.