Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Complexity of Institutionalizing Evaluation as a Best Practice in North American Quitlines

Tobacco use continues to be the leading preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in North America and Quitlines are one of the primary cessation resources available to assist tobacco users with quitting. Implementation of best practices is important to the success of quitlines, but unfortunately, it is a complex and elusive process often difficult to achieve. This study aims to better understand the implementation process by using qualitative methods to examine an evaluation practice in-depth and to elucidate the complex factors influencing its implementation and institutionalization in the North American Quitline network. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with decision-makers in the Quitline network. The interview data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach, guided by a systems change framework. The findings suggest that a broad range of factors influenced implementation of the evaluation practice at different levels of the system. These factors included system norms, system resources and operations (i.e., policies), five key relationships (e.g., between the funder and service provider), and power placement in the system. Characteristics of the evaluation practice itself also influenced implementation and interacted with other factors in the system. This study demonstrates the complexity of implementing and institutionalizing evaluation in an inter-organizational network. It also demonstrates the value of using qualitative data to study implementation phenomena. The findings can be used to improve efforts to institutionalize evaluation in the Quitline network and inform future implementation research studies.
On the Latency Efficiency of Message-Parsimonious Asynchronous Atomic Broadcast

We address the problem of message-parsimonious asynchronous atomic broadcast when a subset t out of n parties may exhibit byzantine behavior. Message parsimony involves using only the optimal O(n) message exchanges per atomically delivered payload in the normal case. Message parsimony is desirable for Internet-like deployment environments in which message loss rates are non-negligible. Protocol PABC, the only previously-known message-parsimonious solution, suffered from two limitations vis-a-vis the solutions with O(n2) message complexity: more communication steps and the use of digital signatures. We present a protocol termed AMP that for the first time provides signature-free message parsimony while at the same time reducing the number of communication steps to the minimum necessary. In contrast to many previous atomic broadcast solutions, our protocol satisfies both safety and liveness in the asynchronous model.
Prognostic value of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels in a low risk outpatient population with cardiovascular disease

Aims: To investigate the prognostic implications of elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) values in presumably stable ambulatory coronary artery disease patients. Methods and results: We conducted a retrospective, single-centre pilot observational study in a low-risk population. All patients received routine measurement of hs-cTnT at index and follow-up visits. Endpoints were all-cause mortality and a composite of all-cause mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke and rehospitalization for acute coronary syndrome and heart failure. Nine hundred and sixty-five consecutive patients presenting to our outpatient clinic between June 2009 and June 2010 were screened; 693 patients with a stable clinical course, at least one hs-cTnT value and at least one follow-up visit qualified for analysis. Follow-up was 796 days. Five hundred and forty-seven patients (78.9%) had hs-cTnT values below and 146 patients (21.1%) had values above 14 ng/l, which was defined to categorize high and low levels as it was reported to be the 99th percentile of a reference population. We observed 13 deaths (all-cause mortality) including four cardiovascular deaths. Age, N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and impaired renal function were independently associated with an elevated hs-cTnT in a multivariate analysis. Hs-cTnT values >14 ng/l were strongly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 12.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.5–46.9, p=0.0001), the composite clinical endpoint (hazard ratio 2.35, 95% CI: 1.48–3.72, p=0.0003) and rehospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio 3.36, 95% CI: 1.73–6.53, p=0.0004). Compared with the multivariable Framingham score hs-cTnT revealed a significantly better performance (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) hs-cTnT: 0.882 vs. AUC Framingham score 0.639, p=0.0005). Conclusion: Elevated hs-cTnT levels provide excellent prognostic information regarding all-cause mortality and a combined clinical endpoint in presumably stable ambulatory coronary artery disease outpatients presenting for routine evaluation.
Deformations via Simplicial Deformation Complexes

There has long been a philosophy that every deformation problem in characteristic zero should be governed by a differential graded Lie algebra (DGLA). In this paper, the theory of Simplicial Deformation Complexes (SDCs) is developed, as an alternative to DGLAs. These work in all characteristics, and for many problems can be constructed canonically. In particular, SDCs are constructed for the problems of deforming an arbitrary scheme, of deforming a Hopf algebra, and of deforming a representation of the fundamental group. In characteristic zero, SDCs and DGLAs are equivalent.
Psychological adjustment to breast cancer: Automatic and controlled responses to stress

This study investigated the role of controlled and automatic responses to stress following a breast cancer diagnosis by combining self-report measures of coping and psychological distress and experimental measures of attention. Within 3 months of receiving a primary diagnosis of breast cancer, 135 women completed questionnaires assessing affect, responses to stress, and responded to a modified probe position task to measure supraliminal (conscious) and subliminal (non-conscious) attentional bias to cancer words and social threat words. Participants selectively attended to supraliminal cancer-related words and avoided subliminal cancer-related words; however, they showed no attentional bias toward or away from social threat words. An attentional bias toward supraliminal cancer-related words was associated with lower self-reported symptoms of emotional distress and higher levels of positive affect and engagement coping. This study demonstrates the utility of combining experimental and self-report methods to understand the full range of responses to stress following a breast cancer diagnosis.
Clinical features of parricide in patients with schizophrenia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with parricide in patients with schizophrenia who committed homicide. Method: Among patients with schizophrenia who were in the National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry between November and December 2007, 88 patients who committed homicides were enrolled; 59 had committed parricide, and 29 had killed strangers. Medical charts, written expert opinions, written records of police or prosecutors, and court decisions were reviewed. Direct interviews with patients were also conducted. Results: Significant factors associated with parricide among homicidal patients with schizophrenia were living with the victim, female sex of the victim, and offense-provoking events including scolding, threatening forced hospitalisation, and forcing medication on the patient before the homicide. Capgras syndrome was present at a significantly higher rate in the parricide group than in the stranger group. Drug compliance at the time of the offence was low in both groups. Conclusions: Untreated psychotic symptoms such as Capgras syndrome, living with elderly parents, especially mothers, and conflicts caused by victims’ scolding, threatening forced hospitalisation, and forcing medication on the patients are associated with parricide among homicide offenders with schizophrenia.
Caffeine Enhances Memory Performance in Young Adults during Their Non-optimal Time of Day

Many college students struggle to perform well on exams in the early morning. Although students drink caffeinated beverages to feel more awake, it is unclear whether these actually improve performance. After consuming coffee (caffeinated or decaffeinated), college-age adults completed implicit and explicit memory tasks in the early morning and late afternoon (Experiment 1). During the morning, participants ingesting caffeine demonstrated a striking improvement in explicit memory, but not implicit memory. Caffeine did not alter memory performance in the afternoon. In Experiment 2, participants engaged in cardiovascular exercise in order to examine whether increases in physiological arousal similarly improved memory. Despite clear increases in physiological arousal, exercise did not improve memory performance compared to a stretching control condition. These results suggest that caffeine has a specific benefit for memory during students’ non-optimal time of day – early morning. These findings have real-world implications for students taking morning exams.
Pleiotropic Effects of Loss of the Dα1 Subunit in Drosophila melanogaster: Implications for Insecticide Resistance

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a highly conserved gene family that form pentameric receptors involved in fast excitatory synaptic neurotransmission. The specific roles individual nAChR subunits perform in Drosophila melanogaster and other insects are relatively uncharacterized. Of the 10 D. melanogaster nAChR subunits, only three have described roles in behavioral pathways; Dα3 and Dα4 in sleep, and Dα7 in the escape response. Other subunits have been associated with resistance to several classes of insecticides. In particular, our previous work has demonstrated that an allele of the Dα1 subunit is associated with resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides. We used ends-out gene targeting to create a knockout of the Dα1 gene to facilitate phenotypic analysis in a controlled genetic background. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a native function for any nAChR subunits known to be targeted by insecticides. Loss of Dα1 function was associated with changes in courtship, sleep, longevity, and insecticide resistance. While acetylcholine signaling had previously been linked with mating behavior and reproduction in D. melanogaster, no specific nAChR subunit had been directly implicated. The role of Dα1 in a number of behavioral phenotypes highlights the importance of understanding the biological roles of nAChRs and points to the fitness cost that may be associated with neonicotinoid resistance.
Construction of a historical Water Pollution Index for the Mersey Basin

The Mersey Basin has been significantly polluted for over 200 years. However, there is a lack of quantitative historical water quality data as effective water quality monitoring and data recording only began 30-40 years ago. This paper assesses water pollution in the Mersey Basin using a Water Pollution Index constructed from social and economic data. Methodology, output and the difficulties involved with validation are discussed. With the limited data input available the index approximately reproduces historical water quality. The paper illustrates how historical studies of environmental water quality may provide valuable identification of factors responsible for pollution and a marker set for contemporary and future water quality issues in the context of the past. This is an issue of growing research interest.
On the relation between object and action: Response consistency and stimulus–response compatibility

A series of four experiments investigated factors influencing the selection of objects and responses associated with the objects. The experiments focused on the interaction between response consistency and the spatial compatibility of the response (involving inhibition of an irrelevant distractor) in conditions of task switching. To test for the response consistency effect, a cue indicated the dimension of the display to be selected for the participant's response. The stimulus displays were either consistent, neutral, or inconsistent (including a distractor stimulus) with the response to the stimulus. The responses were either compatible or incompatible with the location of the stimulus. Intertrial dependences were examined by switching or repeating the tasks across trials. The results suggest that links between objects and actions set up by targets can be replaced by links between a distractor and a response under certain conditions. The implications for stimulus and response selection are discussed.
Identifying those on board ‘the moving train’: towards a stakeholder‐focused methodology for organizational decision making

The paper draws significantly on the proposition that the stakeholder concept is an appropriate way of acknowledging socio-political aspects of organisation decision making. Stakeholder analysis is proposed as a means of reconciling organisation concern for control of system outputs with potentially conflicting expectations of other stakeholder groups inside and outside the organisation. The paper's hypothesis is the incorporation of stakeholder perspectives in decision-making processes will enhance effectiveness, employee motivation and organisational justice as system outputs. The viability of the method is demonstrated by its application within a stakeholder analysis of performance management in knowledge based organisations. Evidence from the case study, together with recent developments in systems theory and OD, is used to develop a viable systems stakeholder model of performance management that can achieve an appropriate balance between effective management, good governance and organisational justice in knowledge based organisations of the twenty-first century.
Numerical Analysis Method for Multi-Scale Coupled Problem of Dielectric Barrier Discharge With Moving Electrode

A multi-scale problem with respect to time scale occurs in dielectric barrier discharge with moving electrode. The discharge system is modeled with the coupled equation, which consists of a discharge equation for space charge density variation and Poisson's equation for electric field distribution. The analysis model consists of two parallel cylinder electrodes covered with dielectric material. Space charges generated during discharge are accumulated on dielectric barrier, and it affects electric field distribution and the following discharges. In the proposed method, the multi-scale analysis is divided into several steps considering the movement of the surface charge accumulated on the dielectric barrier. The surface potential of electrode is measured and compared with the calculated one. The analysis results show good agreement with the measured surface potential.
Improved reuse partitioning and power control for downlink multi-cell OFDMA systems

In this paper, we investigate resource management in downlink multi-cell Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems. An efficient and low-complexity subcarrier assignment algorithm as well as power control scheme are proposed to mitigate the co-channel interference (CCI) impact. Based on a new centralized reuse partitioning strategy, our approach aims to minimize the outage probability in the entire system. With this algorithm, adaptive frequency reuse factors are applied according to users' bandwidth requirement and the CCI level they undergo. Transmit power is then adjusted for further improvement of the system capacity and this without increasing the CCI level. Simulation results show that our approach is particularly efficient for services that demand high bit rates.
The effects of paid and unpaid work on nurses' well‐being: the importance of gender

Abstract A handful of studies have started to explore the effects on health of both paid and unpaid work among women and men. This paper reports on a survey of a proportional random sample of 2285 women and men nurses from three regions of Ontario. We examine the effects of paid and unpaid work on their well-being. The data were analysed for the full sample and then multiple regression analyses were run separately for men and women. In our discussion we emphasise several points: unless such data are analysed in terms of gender, as well as controlling for sex, marked differences between the experiences of men and women may be neglected; that in understanding health, it is important to take into account the influence of both paid and unpaid work; and that certain features of paid and unpaid work are often associated with well-being - control over work, the degree of challenge that work presents, recognition, satisfaction with work, social support, number of children and the level of overall stress experienced. Workload issues are also associated with women's well-being.
Titanium Mesh Reconstruction of Orbital Roof Fracture with Traumatic Encephalocele: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Orbital roof fractures are rare. Traumatic encephaloceles in the orbital cavity are even rarer, with only 21 cases published to date. Orbital roof fractures are generally encountered in males between 20 and 40 years of age following automobile collision. We report a case of an orbital roof fracture with traumatic encephalocele into the left orbit. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important because the raised intraorbital pressure may irreversibly damage the optic nerve. Computed tomography with 3-D reconstruction, the imaging modality of choice, showed the displaced fracture fragment deep into the orbit. Reconstruction of the orbital roof should be performed in every case. We used an extracranial approach to elevate the fracture with titanium mesh to stabilize the fragment. The cosmetic results were excellent but delay in treatment was responsible for delayed recovery of vision. The case report is followed by a brief overview of orbital roof fractures including pertinent review of literature.
Quantifying Climatological Ranges and Anomalies for Pacific Coral Reef Ecosystems

Coral reef ecosystems are exposed to a range of environmental forcings that vary on daily to decadal time scales and across spatial scales spanning from reefs to archipelagos. Environmental variability is a major determinant of reef ecosystem structure and function, including coral reef extent and growth rates, and the abundance, diversity, and morphology of reef organisms. Proper characterization of environmental forcings on coral reef ecosystems is critical if we are to understand the dynamics and implications of abiotic–biotic interactions on reef ecosystems. This study combines high-resolution bathymetric information with remotely sensed sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a and irradiance data, and modeled wave data to quantify environmental forcings on coral reefs. We present a methodological approach to develop spatially constrained, island- and atoll-scale metrics that quantify climatological range limits and anomalous environmental forcings across U.S. Pacific coral reef ecosystems. Our results indicate considerable spatial heterogeneity in climatological ranges and anomalies across 41 islands and atolls, with emergent spatial patterns specific to each environmental forcing. For example, wave energy was greatest at northern latitudes and generally decreased with latitude. In contrast, chlorophyll-a was greatest at reef ecosystems proximate to the equator and northern-most locations, showing little synchrony with latitude. In addition, we find that the reef ecosystems with the highest chlorophyll-a concentrations; Jarvis, Howland, Baker, Palmyra and Kingman are each uninhabited and are characterized by high hard coral cover and large numbers of predatory fishes. Finally, we find that scaling environmental data to the spatial footprint of individual islands and atolls is more likely to capture local environmental forcings, as chlorophyll-a concentrations decreased at relatively short distances (>7 km) from 85% of our study locations. These metrics will help identify reef ecosystems most exposed to environmental stress as well as systems that may be more resistant or resilient to future climate change.
Dead Academics: What Can We Learn about Academic Work and Life from Obituaries?.

This article analyses the obituaries of 100 academics published in the British quality press in 2007 to see what they tell us about the changing nature of contemporary academic work, and how it is presented in this particular genre of writing. It concludes that the influence of Oxbridge and the American higher education system, and the dominance of men, remain strong in the senior levels of academic life that make it into the obituary pages. The obituaries also illustrate the impact of global events and trends, such as world war and the international mobility of highly skilled labour, on academe. At an individual level, they present a picture of almost mythic achievement, brought down to earth by accounts of caring and essential eccentricity.
Contrast echocardiography reveals apparently normal coronary perfusion in a rat model of stress-induced (Takotsubo) cardiomyopathy.

AIMS Stress-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is an important differential diagnosis to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The typical hallmark of SIC is left-ventricular apical akinesia but preserved function in basal segments. Catecholamines are postulated to play an important role in SIC but the precise pathophysiology is incompletely understood. Whether myocardial perfusion of the affected segments is impaired in SIC has been debated and remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) was used to study regional myocardial perfusion in a rat model of SIC. Twelve rats received 50 mg/kg isoproterenol (ISO) i.p. and were continuously monitored by MCE. Apical and basal perfusion were estimated and expressed as a ratio at baseline, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 min post-ISO. The rats developed typical apical ballooning after 43 ± 9 min post-ISO injection. The ratio of apical:basal perfusion was close to 1.00 at all time-points and never dropped below 0.89 (95% CI never extended below 0.73). Light and electron microcoscopical investigation revealed no structural damage of myocardial vessels. CONCLUSION Apical perfusion is not impaired in the early phase of SIC in this rat model.
Agile Software Development in Large Organizations

The need to see compelling evidence before adopting new methods looms greater in large organizations because of their complexity and the need to integrate new technologies and processes with existing ones. To further evaluate agile methods and their underlying software development practices, several Software Experience Center (SEC) member companies initiated a series of activities to discover if agile practices match their organizations' needs. Although each organization evaluated agile methods according to its specific needs, here we attempt to generalize their findings by analyzing some of their common experiences in the particular context of large organizations with well-established structures and processes. We base this analysis on experience collected and shared among four SEC members namely ABB, DaimlerChrysler, Motorola, and Nokia.
OS_RANK: Structure Analysis for Ontology Ranking

Ontologies have been shown to be beneficial for representing domain knowledge, and are quickly becoming the backbone of the semantic Web. Vie need for ontology ranking techniques is crucial as the ontology reuse becomes increasingly important. In this paper, a new approach has been proposed for ranking ontologies on the Semantic Web. In particular, query terms provided by users are regarded as containing special information about domain knowledge of interest. Each ontology candidates are analyzed separately and ranked with respect to the structure and semantics. Experiments are performed and the results show that our method is cost-effective.