Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of Risk Factors for Falling Reported by Patients with Parkinson Disease

&NA; This study examined awareness of the risk factors for falling among a group of community dwelling patients with Parkinson disease (PD) using the Falls Risk Awareness Questionnaire (FRAQ). A cross‐sectional survey of 28 patients who attended a Movement Disorders Clinic for treatment of PD was used. FRAQ is a 28‐item self‐administered survey that assesses the knowledge and perception of risk factors for falling. Demographic, medical, and medication data were gathered from both the participants and clinic charts. Twenty‐three (82%) of the participants reported falls in the past; seven (30%) had fallen within the past month. Nineteen (68%) of the participants felt they were at risk for further falls. When asked to list potential risk factors for falling, only 14% could identify medication as a risk factor. Persons with PD are at substantial risk of falling, yet many appear to be unaware of common risk factors, especially medication use.
Robust Rule-based Approach in Arabic Processing

parsing system is a key element of many computer applications such as Information Retrieval, Knowledge Extraction and automatic translation. This paper presents a robust large-scale parser system for parsing Arabic sentences. From a practical point of view, the system is able to analyze real-world sentences thanks to a wide coverage of its linguistic knowledge that is realized within the DIINAR-MBC European project 1 . The parser is designed for robustness against difficult input that cannot be parsed correctly according to the standard grammar rules in the system, whether it is an extra-grammatical, ill-formed or unexpected input. Most systems use algorithmic approaches to robustness where parsing programs are extended to include heuristics to handle defect cases. This study adopts another solution based on a robust grammar-based approach for parsing. It consists of introducing robust rules in the grammar itself and relaxing constraints if necessary. The parser has been evaluated against real-world sentences and the results were very encouraging. The parser provides 95% coverage.
Positive regulation of Bacillus subtilis ackA by CodY and CcpA: establishing a potential hierarchy in carbon flow

Conversion of pyruvate to acetate via the phosphotransacetylase‐acetate kinase pathway generates ATP and is a major overflow pathway under conditions of carbon and nitrogen excess. In Bacillus subtilis, this pathway is positively regulated by CcpA, a global regulator of carbon metabolism genes. Transcription of the acetate kinase gene (ackA) proved to be activated as well by a second global regulatory protein, CodY. Expression of an ackA–lacZ fusion was reduced in a codY mutant strain. CodY was found to bind in vitro to two sites in the ackA promoter region and to stimulate ackA transcription in a run‐off transcription assay. This is the first known case of direct positive regulation by CodY. CodY and CcpA were found to bind to neighbouring sites and their effects were additive both in vivo and in vitro. Surprisingly, positive regulation by CodY, unlike repression, responded primarily to only one type of effector molecule. That is, branched‐chain amino acids (BCAAs) served as more potent co‐activators of CodY‐dependent ackA transcription than did GTP. Given the roles of CcpA and CodY in regulating genes whose products determine the metabolic fate of pyruvate, these two proteins may act together to mediate a hierarchical conversion of pyruvate to its many potential products.
Device-Free Mobile Target Tracking Using Passive Tags

We propose a low-cost device-free mobile target tracking system using passive tags, namely, DTrack, to detect and track a human object in a certain surveillance area. The idea is that when a human object moves, he may block or reflect the RF signals between the reader and tags. Based on the estimation of Doppler Shift and Tag Read Rate variations, DTrack can detect whether a human object enters in the system and further track the moving direction of the object. DTrack uses commercial readers and off-the-shelf passive tags and is scalable and easy for large-scale deployments. Experimental results show that our system is effective in detecting the direction of moving human objects with high accuracy.
Mitochondrial Ultrastructure Is Coupled to Synaptic Performance at Axonal Release Sites

Visual Abstract Abstract Mitochondrial function in neurons is tightly linked with metabolic and signaling mechanisms that ultimately determine neuronal performance. The subcellular distribution of these organelles is dynamically regulated as they are directed to axonal release sites on demand, but whether mitochondrial internal ultrastructure and molecular properties would reflect the actual performance requirements in a synapse-specific manner, remains to be established. Here, we examined performance-determining ultrastructural features of presynaptic mitochondria in GABAergic and glutamatergic axons of mice and human. Using electron-tomography and super-resolution microscopy we found, that these features were coupled to synaptic strength: mitochondria in boutons with high synaptic activity exhibited an ultrastructure optimized for high rate metabolism and contained higher levels of the respiratory chain protein cytochrome-c (CytC) than mitochondria in boutons with lower activity. The strong, cell type-independent correlation between mitochondrial ultrastructure, molecular fingerprints and synaptic performance suggests that changes in synaptic activity could trigger ultrastructural plasticity of presynaptic mitochondria, likely to adjust their performance to the actual metabolic demand.
Implementation of an X band leakage cancellation network for bandwidth improvement

In this paper, the implementation of an X band Tx-to-Rx leakage cancellation network to achieve bandwidth improvement and high isolation performance is presented. The circuit architecture and leakage cancellation theory are described in detail. The operation principle of leakage cancellation network is based on phase cancellation technique. This architecture is made up of three two-section Wilkinson power dividers and a hybrid-ring, which miniaturizes the leakage cancellation network, compared with conventional ferrite circulators. The proposed architecture has been completely implemented and measurements have been carried out for verification. The simulated bandwidth is presented with 83% fractional bandwidth above 30dB isolation, and the corresponding measured fractional bandwidth is 31.2%. Meanwhile, the simulated bandwidth is presented with 16% fractional bandwidth above 40dB isolation, and the corresponding measured fractional bandwidth is 6.4% The measured peak isolation is 46.2dB@9.361GHz. Although the measured fractional bandwidth is decreased, the high isolation bandwidth between Tx port and Rx port based on the circuit architecture proposed in this paper, is still enhanced, especially compared with other conventional high isolation networks.
Popular evolutionary psychology in the UK: an unusual case of science in the media?

This paper presents findings from quantitative analyses of UK press and print media coverage of evolutionary psychology during the 1990s. It argues that evolutionary psychology presents an interesting case for studies of science in the media in several different ways. First, press coverage of evolutionary psychology was found to be closely linked with the publications of popular books on the subject. Secondly, when compared to coverage of other subjects, a higher proportion of academics and authors wrote about evolutionary psychology in the press, contributing to the development of a scientific controversy in the public domain. Finally, it was found that evolutionary psychology coverage appeared in different areas of the daily press, and was rarely written about by specialist science journalists. The possible reasons for these features are then explored, including the boom in popular science publishing during the 1990s, evolutionary psychology’s status as a new subject of study and discussion, and the nature of the subject itself as theoretically based and with a human, “everyday” subject matter.
Cloning of the gene for myxobacterial hemagglutinin and isolation and analysis of structural gene mutations

Myxobacterial hemagglutinin (MBHA) is a major developmentally induced protein that accumulates during the period of cellular aggregation in the bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. It has been shown that this lectin is targeted to the cell surface and periplasmic space of developmental cells, suggesting that it may play a role in cell-cell recognition or agglutination. We have cloned the structural gene for MBHA by using synthetic deoxyoligonucleotides containing sequences deduced from the amino acid sequence of MBHA and have used the cloned gene to construct strains of M. xanthus that cannot synthesize MBHA. We found that although the MBHA-deficient strains are delayed in their developmental time course, they are otherwise able to aggregate and sporulate normally. Our results suggest that MBHA may function to increase the efficiency of fruiting-body formation but is not a critical component of cellular aggregation.
Transfer of Allogeneic CD4+ T Cells Rescues CD8+ T Cells in Anti-PD-L1–Resistant Tumors Leading to Tumor Eradication

Tumor-specific CD8+ T cells temporarily control tumor growth, but eventually tumors can escape. Adoptive transfer of tumor-recognizing CD4+ T cells rescued the function of exhausted CD8+ T cells through co-cross-presentation by stroma, which led to complete tumor eradication. Adoptively transferred CD8+ T cells can stabilize the size of solid tumors over long periods of time by exclusively recognizing antigen cross-presented on tumor stroma. However, these tumors eventually escape T-cell–mediated growth control. The aim of this study was to eradicate such persistent cancers. In our model, the SIYRYYGL antigen is expressed by cancer cells that lack the MHC-I molecule Kb needed for direct presentation, but the antigen is picked up and cross-presented by tumor stroma. A single injection of antigen-specific 2C CD8+ T cells caused long-term inhibition of tumor growth, but without further intervention, tumors started to progress after approximately 3 months. Escape was associated with reduced numbers of circulating 2C cells. Tumor-infiltrating 2C cells produced significantly less TNFα and expressed more of the “exhaustion” markers PD-1 and Tim-3 than T cells from lymphoid organs. High-dose local ionizing radiation, depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, infusions of additional 2C cells, and antibodies blocking PD-L1 did not prevent tumor escape. In contrast, adoptive transfer of allogeneic CD4+ T cells restored the numbers of circulating Ag-specific CD8+ T cells and their intratumoral function, resulting in tumor eradication. These CD4+ T cells had no antitumor effects in the absence of CD8+ T cells and recognized the alloantigen cross-presented on tumor stroma. CD4+ T cells might also be effective in cancer patients when PD-1/PD-L1 blockade does not rescue intratumoral CD8+ T-cell function and tumors persist. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(2); 127–36. ©2017 AACR.
TREM2 expression in the human brain: a marker of monocyte recruitment?

Mutation in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) 2 gene has been identified as a risk factor for several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Experimental studies using animal models of AD have highlighted a number of functions associated with TREM2 and its expression by microglial cells. It has therefore been assumed that this is also the case in humans. However, there is very limited information concerning the cellular expression of TREM2 in the human brain. As part of investigations of microglia using post‐mortem resources provided by the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (MRC‐CFAS), we immunostained the cerebral cortex of 299 participants for TREM2 using the Sigma antibody HPA010917 and compared with the macrophage/microglial markers Iba1 and CD68. As expected, Iba1 and CD68 labeled microglia and perivascular macrophages. However, in most cases (284/299), the TREM2 antibody labelled monocytes within vascular lumens, but not microglia or perivascular macrophages. In contrast, in 5 out of 6 cases with acute infarcts, TREM2 immunoreaction identified cells within the brain parenchyma interpreted as recruited monocytes. Six cases with old infarcts contained phagocytic foamy macrophages which were CD68‐positive but TREM2 negative. Our observations, using the HPA010917 anti‐TREM2 antibody, suggest that TREM2 is not expressed by microglia but instead seems to be a marker of recruited monocytes in the human brain. This finding has implications with regards to the role of TREM2 as a risk factor, emphasizing the importance of systemic immune responses in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Shorter sleep duration is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in healthy white men.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Short sleep has been linked to increased risk for type 2 diabetes and incident cardiovascular disease and acute sleep restriction impairs insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Here, we examined whether indices of glucose metabolism vary with naturally occurring differences in sleep duration. DESIGN AND MEASURES Subjects were midlife, nondiabetic community volunteers (N = 224; mean age 44.5 ± 6.6 y [range: 30-54]; 52% female; 89% white). Laboratory measures of insulin sensitivity (Si) and acute secretion (AIRg), glucose effectiveness (Sg), and disposition index (Di) were obtained from a 180-min, intravenous glucose tolerance test. RESULTS Shorter self-reported sleep duration (in hours) was associated with lower Si (P = 0.043), although an interaction of sleep duration with participant race (β = -0.81, P = 0.002) showed this association significant only in whites. Moreover, sex-stratified analyses revealed that shorter sleep duration predicted lower Si in white men (β = 0.29, P = 0.003) but not in white women (P = 0.22). Findings were similar for AIRg. The relationship between sleep duration and AIRg was moderated by race as well as sex, such that shorter sleep duration associated with greater insulin release only in white men (β = -0.28, P = 0.004). Sleep duration was unrelated to Sg and Di (P's > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that shorter sleep duration may impair insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in nondiabetic white men, possibly contributing to later type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Dynamic Control of Adaptive Mixture-of-Gaussians Background Model

We propose a method for create a background model in non-stationary scenes. Each pixel has a dynamic Gaussian mixture model. Our approach can automatically change the number of Gaussians in each pixel. The number of Gaussians increases when pixel values often change because of Illumination change, object moving and so on. On the other hand, when pixel values are constant in a while, some Gaussians are eliminated or integrated. This process helps reduce computational time. We conducted experiments to investigate the effectiveness of our approach.
A Causal study between CO2 Emissions, Electricity Consumption and GDP in India

This study examines the co-integration relationships among the per capita GDP, per capita electricity consumption and per capita co2 emissions for India covering the period 1971 to 2006. All the data variables are non stationary in level form but are integrated of order one. Johansen’s rank procedure and Engle Granger VAR is used to determine the cointegration relation and direction of causality among the variables. Vector Error Correction Mechanism is used to study the short run behavior of co2 emissions. VAR model at lag 3 is used for short term forecasting of co2 emissions. Results have identified that the data variables are co-integrated and VAR is proved to be good tool for short term forecasting.
Energy efficiency model based on stochastic geometry in dynamic TDD cellular networks

We investigate an analytically tractable model of energy efficiency for dynamic Time Division Duplex (TDD) cellular networks. Based on a stochastic geometry, we first derive the expressions for the coverage probability of a homogeneous network which consists of a single class of base stations (BSs). Simulation results confirm the accuracy of our expressions. Then we use these conclusions for modeling the average energy efficiency of a typical user equipment (UE) or a BS in the dynamic TDD cellular network. In addition, we discuss the impact of fractional power control on the average energy efficiency. Our findings show that the increase of the fractional power control factor allows a decrease of the average rate and the average energy efficiency of the whole network.
A smart ward with a fall detection system

Fall incidents are one of the most important ward safety issues in hospitals because falls may cause extreme injuries, resulting in serious physical, psychological, and social consequences. In this paper, we present a smart ward with a fall detection system. The smart ward can issue an alarm signal to corresponding healthcare givers once it detects a fall event. The smart ward is consisted of a Kinect depth camera and a neural-network-based fall detection algorithm. We deigned six scenarios to test the performance of the proposed smart ward. The accuracy ratio was 98.15% and the KAPPA value was 0.96.
Long–term Results of Arthroscopic Bankart Repair with a Bioabsorbable Tack

Background Short-term to midterm data are available on arthroscopic shoulder stabilization using bioabsorbable tacks or suture anchors. It remains unknown whether these techniques can equal the success of open Bankart repair in the long term. Purpose To assess the long-term outcome of arthroscopic Bankart repair using bioabsorbable tacks in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability with a minimum follow-up of 7 years. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Treatment outcomes were determined prospectively according to the Rowe score and retrospectively according to the Constant and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons scores. Included in this study were 18 consecutive patients with a mean age of 26.8 years (range, 16-62 years) who underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair using bioabsorbable tacks for traumatic anterior shoulder instability. The study group consisted of 14 male and 4 female patients. The mean follow-up was 8.7 years (range, 7.0-9.8 years). Results One patient had recurrent dislocations requiring further surgery, for an overall failure rate of 5.6%. An additional patient had 1 traumatic subluxation episode within the first postoperative year that did not recur. According to the Rowe score, which increased to 90.3 (17.8) from 32.8 (8.3) points preoperatively, 15 patients (83.3%) achieved a good or excellent result. The mean Constant score was 91.3 (SD, 6.9) points, and the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score was 92.1 (SD, 6.9) points postoperatively. A return to the preinjury level of sports competition was reported by 64% of patients. No signs of synovitis occurred in any patient postoperatively. Conclusion Arthroscopic Bankart repair for the treatment of recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability repair using bioabsorbable tacks offers reliable results with respect to failure rate, range of motion, and shoulder function during a minimum follow- up of 7.0 years. In contrast to previous reports on arthroscopic Bankart repair, results did not deteriorate during follow-up.
Electricity Economics and Planning

This book is unique in gathering under one over all the elements of electricity economics and planning, both for the traditional approach and for the new developments of the 1990s, e.g. privatisation, competition, deregulation and more efficient markets and pricing. All the fundamental institutional aspects of electricity in the 1990s are also discussed, particularly relevant at a time when the utilities of the developed world are being restructured, those of the ex-centrally planned economies are being profoundly reorganised and those of developing countries have enormous debt problems. The book describes how these challenges of the 1990s are to be understood and met.
Control of Flavor Development in Wine during and after Malolactic Fermentation by Oenococcus oeni

ABSTRACT During malolactic fermentation in wine by Oenococcus oeni, the degradation of citric acid was delayed compared to the degradation of malic acid. The maximum concentration of diacetyl, an intermediary compound in the citric acid metabolism with a buttery or nutty flavor, coincided with the exhaustion of malic acid in the wine. The maximum concentration of diacetyl obtained during malolactic fermentation was strongly dependent on the oxygen concentration and the redox potential of the wine and, to a lesser extent, on the initial citric acid concentration. The final diacetyl concentration in the wine was also dependent on the concentration of SO2. Diacetyl combines rather strongly with SO2(Kf = 7.2 × 103M−1 in 0.1 M malate buffer [pH 3.5] at 30°C). The reaction is exothermic and reversible. If the concentration of SO2 decreases during storage of the wine, the diacetyl concentration increases again.
A comparison of African American and Caucasian stimulant users in 12-step facilitation treatment

ABSTRACT Engagement in 12-step meetings and activities has been shown to be a powerful aid to recovery from substance use disorders. However, only limited attention has been given to ethnic and racial differences in attitudes toward 12-step and involvement. This study utilized data from a large multisite trial testing the effectiveness of a 12-step facilitation therapy with stimulant-dependent treatment seekers. We compared baseline differences and treatment outcomes between African American and Caucasian participants. A select few baseline differences were found (i.e., African Americans reported higher levels of spirituality than Caucasians; African American participants indicated more perceived benefits of 12-step involvement; Caucasians were more likely to endorse future involvement in 12-step). There were no outcome differences (e.g., substance use outcomes, 12-step meeting attendance). The tested intervention produced similar outcomes for both groups, indicating that it may be useful across racial categories.
A Quantum-inspired Artificial Bee Colony algorithm for numerical optimisation

A Quantum-inspired Artificial Bee Colony algorithm (QABC) for numerical optimisation is proposed in this paper. A hybridisation is made between two paradigms: Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimisation on one hand and Quantum Computing (QC) principles on the other hand. Some quantum concepts including the quantum bit, states superposition and quantum interference are used to enhance the diversity and computing capabilities of standard ABC algorithm. The experimental results obtained from testing the proposed algorithm on a set of numerical benchmark functions have shown that the QABC is competitive to quantum swarms and evolutionary approaches. It outperforms conventional evolutionary algorithms and quantum-inspired particle swarm algorithm.