Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physician alerts to increase antidepressant adherence: fax or fiction?

BACKGROUND Many managed care organizations use feedback based on electronically maintained claims data to alert physicians to potential treatment problems, including patient medication nonadherence. However, the efficacy of such interventions for improving adherence among patients treated for depression is unknown. METHODS We examined an antidepressant compliance program consisting of faxed alerts to physicians beginning May 2003 using interrupted time series analysis to evaluate its impact on rates of antidepressant adherence between May 2002 and May 2004 among members of the managed care plan of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, which is a health plan operating in 3 states in New England, with corporate headquarters in Wellesley, Mass. The program alerted prescribing physicians to patients with gaps of more than 10 days in refilling antidepressant prescriptions during the first 180 days of treatment. Our outcome measures were rates of nonadherence among patients with refill gaps of more than 10 days ("delayed refill") and proportion of days without treatment within the first 180 days of treatment. RESULTS A total of 13 128 patients (> or = 18 years of age) who were starting treatment with antidepressants met the study criteria. Rates of nonadherence among patients with delayed refills remained constant (P = .22) over the 2-year study period, averaging 75% (95% confidence interval, 72.7%-77.3%). Rates of antidepressant nonadherence significantly increased over time (P = .04), with an average of 40% (95% confidence interval, 38.4%-41.6%) of days without dispensed antidepressants available during treatment episodes. CONCLUSIONS Using real-time pharmacy information to alert physicians regarding patient adherence was not successful in increasing antidepressant adherence rates among members of the managed care plan. Effectiveness of electronically triggered, patient-specific, faxed feedback should be carefully evaluated before widespread implementation, because faxes are insufficient as a stand-alone policy tool.
Creation of Organizational Knowledge on the Basis Von Krogh, Nonaka and Ichijo Capacitors: A Case Study in the Grange Df Pork Company

This research aimed to identify and analyze, from the perspective of Von krogh et al. (2001), what enablers are present at the creation of organizational knowledge of the swine Granja DF Pork Company, from the perspectives of its managers and employees. The research is characterized as descriptive, qualitative, and the case study as the chosen method. There were nine representative interviewed subjects of strategic, managerial and operational company, selected by convenience sample, via semi-structured, and the use of participant observation technique. The results indicate the existence of four of the five enablers proposed by Von Krogh et al. (2001) in the context of DF Pork: ‘to instill the vision of knowledge', 'managing conversations', 'creating the appropriate context' and 'globalize local knowledge', and detected the absence of enabling 'mobilize knowledge activists' . However, the existence of these enablers happens at the level of individuals the company researched through isolated knowledge conversion practices, not as conditions for the creation of knowledge at the organizational level. Such considerations may serve as a basis for structuring and implementation of knowledge translation practices at the organizational level in DF Pork.
Inhibition of the biosynthesis of SRP polypeptides and secretory proteins by aflatoxin B1 can disrupt protein targeting

Cell culture and western blotting studies revealed that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) inhibits the biosynthesis of two of the constituent polypeptides of signal recognition particle (SRP) (SRP54 and 72). SRP escorts polyribosomes carrying signal peptides from free form in the cytosol to the bound form on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane during protein targeting. These effects of AFB1 on SRP biosynthesis may inhibit the formation of functional SRP. Our experiments have further shown that AFB1 also inhibits the biosynthesis/translocation of a secretory protein, preprolactin, which fails to appear in the lumen of ER consequent to the treatment with this hepatocarcinogen. The results of the experiments presented in this article therefore enable us to infer for the first time that aflatoxin B1 may inhibit the functioning of SRP as an escort and deplete the ER of polyribosomes for secretory protein synthesis. As these secretory proteins are important components of the plasma membrane, gap junctions and intercellular matrix, their absence from these locations could disturb cell to cell communication leading to tumorigenesis. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Load balancing with minimal flow remapping for the Agile All-Photonic Network

A novel routing architecture that balances Internet flows over the Agile All-Photonic Network (AAPN) is proposed. It is based on the adaptive Highest Random Weight (adaptive HRW) algorithm proposed to design load balanced Internet routers. The architecture extends the adaptive HRW algorithm with a minimal flow remapping selection scheme that identifies those source-destination edge node pairs whose flow traffic is causing imbalance in the network and need to adapt their weights. Simulation results shows significant reduction in the amount of flows remapped compared to the no selection scheme where all source-destination edge node pairs are forced to adapt their weights when imbalance is detected in the network.
The basis of clinical tribalism, hierarchy and stereotyping: a laboratory-controlled teamwork experiment

Objectives To examine the basis of multidisciplinary teamwork. In real-world healthcare settings, clinicians often cluster in profession-based tribal silos, form hierarchies and exhibit stereotypical behaviours. It is not clear whether these social structures are more a product of inherent characteristics of the individuals or groups comprising the professions, or attributable to a greater extent to workplace factors. Setting Controlled laboratory environment with well-appointed, quiet rooms and video and audio equipment. Participants Clinical professionals (n=133) divided into 35 groups of doctors, nurses and allied health professions, or mixed professions. Interventions Participants engaged in one of three team tasks, and their performance was video-recorded and assessed. Primary and secondary measures Primary: teamwork performance. Secondary, pre-experimental: a bank of personality questionnaires designed to assess participants’ individual differences. Postexperimental: the 16-item Mayo High Performance Teamwork Scale (MHPTS) to measure teamwork skills; this was self-assessed by participants and also by external raters. In addition, external, arm's length blinded observations of the videotapes were conducted. Results At baseline, there were few significant differences between the professions in collective orientation, most of the personality factors, Machiavellianism and conservatism. Teams generally functioned well, with effective relationships, and exhibited little by way of discernible tribal or hierarchical behaviours, and no obvious differences between groups (F (3, 31)=0.94, p=0.43). Conclusions Once clinicians are taken out of the workplace and put in controlled settings, tribalism, hierarchical and stereotype behaviours largely dissolve. It is unwise therefore to attribute these factors to fundamental sociological or psychological differences between individuals in the professions, or aggregated group differences. Workplace cultures are more likely to be influential in shaping such behaviours. The results underscore the importance of culture and context in improvement activities. Future initiatives should factor in culture and context as well as individuals’ or professions’ characteristics as the basis for inducing more lateral teamwork or better interprofessional collaboration.
Benefits of Complementary SEU Mitigation for the LEON3 Soft Processor on SRAM-Based FPGAs

A variety of mitigation techniques have been demonstrated to reduce the sensitivity of FPGA designs to soft errors. Without mitigation, SEUs can cause failure by altering the logic, routing, and state of a design operating on an SRAM-based FPGA. Various combinations of SEU mitigation and repair techniques are applied to the LEON3 soft-core processor to study the effects and complementary nature of each technique. This work focuses on Triple modular redundancy (TMR), configuration memory (CRAM) scrubbing, and internal block memory (BRAM) scrubbing. All mitigation methods demonstrate some improvement in both fault injection and neutron radiation testing. Results in this paper show complementary SEU mitigation techniques working together to improve fault-tolerance. The results also suggest that fault injection can be a good way to estimate the cross section of a design before going to a radiation test. TMR with CRAM scrubbing demonstrates a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$27\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement whereas TMR with both CRAM and BRAM scrubbing demonstrates approximately a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$50\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement.
Performance testing of passive communication and control in teleoperation with time delay

Advanced application of remote manipulation or teleoperation requires kinesthetic feedback of force and torque information from slave robot to master hand controller. In outer space and terrestrial remote control, there is an unavoidable time delay between master and slave. The performance of several candidate control laws for a single-axis testbed telemanipulation system in the presence of up to 1 s of time delay is evaluated. Algorithms tested include communication laws based on passivity theory. Results indicate that task completion time is as much as 50% greater with passivity based methods. <<ETX>>
Lipid profile but not highly sensitive C-reactive protein helps distinguish prehypertensives from normal subjects

Background: Early identification of the prehypertensive state can greatly improve the disease risk management. Although increased levels of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and dyslipidemia is reported among patients with hypertension, the correlation of these parameters among prehypertensives in not known. Hence, the present study was designed to compare the levels of serum hsCRP and lipid profile among prehypertensives and normal subjects and correlate it with blood pressure (BP) levels. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric measurements and BP were recorded in 40 prehypertensive and 40 normal subjects. Subjects were assigned to a group based on their BP as per Joint National Committee 7 criteria. Serum hsCRP and lipid profile were measured and correlated with BP levels. Results: Serum hsCRP showed no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant correlation of BP with hsCRP in both the groups. Total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly increased in prehypertensives as compared to normal subjects. There was no significant association between BP and lipid parameters in prehypertensives. Conclusions: Significant increase of TC and LDL but not hsCRP was evident among prehypertensives as compared to normal subjects.
A new assessment method for the residual errors in SOLT and SOLR calibrated VNAs

The traditional residual error assessment methods for the vector network analyzer (VNA) are improved by using measurements from both SOLT and SOLR calibrations. The difference in sensitivity to residual errors for the SOLT and SOLR algorithms is utilized to assess the residual directivity, match, and tracking of both VNA ports. A two-port measurement on an airline is used in the assessment. Even though two-port measurements are used the resulting residual errors are applicable to one-port SOL measurements as well. Compared to earlier methods, which use oneport airline measurements, the number of airline connections is reduced to one fourth. Yet the quality of the assessment is improved. The residual match is now assessed independent of the residual directivity giving a better accuracy. The residual transmission tracking, which was earlier unavailable, is also obtained. For hermaphroditic connectors such as APC-7, waveguides or probed MMIC measurements, the method will also provide the residual reflection tracking, which the traditional ripple methods fails to provide at all. The method is compared to earlier assessment methods with measurements on a calibration in type-N connectors.
Fine-tuning timing: natural variation informs the mechanistic basis of the switch to flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana

The evolution of diverse life history strategies has allowed Arabidopsis thaliana to adapt to worldwide locations, spanning a range of latitudinal and environmental conditions. Arabidopsis thaliana accessions are either vernalization-requiring winter annuals or rapid cyclers, with extensive natural variation in vernalization requirement and response. Genetic and molecular analysis of this variation has enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms involved in life history determination, with translation to both natural and crop systems in the Brassicaceae and beyond.
The AFRL MITLL WMT16 News Translation Task System: We put NMT in your MT Rescoring so you can MT while you MT

This paper describes the AFRL-MITLL statistical machine translation systems and the improvements that were developed during the WMT16 evaluation campaign. As part of these efforts we’ve adapted a variety new techniques to our previous years’ systems including Neural Machine Translation, additional out-of-vocabulary transliteration techniques, and morphology generation. Preliminary results are denoted with *.
Evidence for male‐biased dispersal in Lake Malawi cichlids from microsatellites

This study addressed within‐population dispersal patterns among the species‐rich Lake Malawi cichlids, specifically among the rock‐dwelling mbuna group. Relatedness values were calculated for 160 individuals belonging to two species from known locations in the field by screening six highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. The results from both species indicate that spatially adjacent females have higher average relatedness values than those separated by larger distances, but that this pattern is reversed in males. This therefore provides firm evidence for male‐biased dispersal within the Malawian cichlid flock.
Brain responses to visceral stimuli reflect visceral sensitivity thresholds in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Only a fraction of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have increased perceptual sensitivity to rectal distension, indicating differences in processing and/or modulation of visceral afferent signals. We investigated the brain mechanisms of these perceptual differences. METHODS We analyzed data from 44 women with IBS and 20 female healthy subjects (controls). IBS symptom severity was determined by a severity scoring system. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression score. Blood oxygen level-dependent signals were measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging during expectation and delivery of high (45 mmHg) and low (15 mmHg) intensity rectal distensions. Perception thresholds to rectal distension were determined in the scanner. Brain imaging data were compared among 18 normosensitive and 15 hypersensitive patients with IBS and 18 controls. Results were reported significant if peak P-values were ≤. 05, with family-wise error correction in regions of interest. RESULTS The subgroups of patients with IBS were similar in age, symptom duration, psychological symptoms, and IBS symptom severity. Although brain responses to distension were similar between normosensitive patients and controls, hypersensitive patients with IBS had greater activation of insula and reduced deactivation in pregenual anterior cingulate cortex during noxious rectal distensions, compared to controls and normosensitive patients with IBS. During expectation of rectal distension, normosensitive patients with IBS had more activation in right hippocampus than controls. CONCLUSIONS Despite similarities in symptoms, hyper- and normosensitive patients with IBS differ in cerebral responses to standardized rectal distensions and their expectation, consistent with differences in ascending visceral afferent input.
Application of fed-batch fermentation to the preparation of isotopically labeled or selenomethionyl-labeled proteins.

An increasing demand for isotopically labeled samples for spectroscopic and crystallographic studies has led to a corresponding need for effective and efficient methods for producing these samples. The present work is based on the strategy of using an isotopically labeled compound as the growth-limiting nutrient during protein expression in Escherichia coli (DE3) strains. By using dissolved O2 and agitation rate data, the cell growth, feeding of the isotopic label, induction of protein expression, and the harvest of cells can be coordinated in a feedback controlled fermenter in a simple, easily defined manner. This approach is demonstrated for the nutrient-limited production of [U-15N]- and [U-13C, U-15N]-labeled toluene 4-monooxygenase effector protein in E. coli BL21(DE3) with isotopic abundance identical to that of the labeled precursors. For selective labeling, demonstrated with selenomethionine using methionine auxotroph E. coli B834(DE3), approximately 80-85% incorporation was obtained from methionine-dependent growth of the auxotroph followed by selenomethionine feeding and protein induction upon methionine depletion. This selective labeling is accomplished in a single culture, does not require washing or resuspension, minimizes costly incorporation of label into host cell mass prior to induction, and can be easily adapted to selective labeling with other amino acids. Moreover, cell mass yield from these experiments can be readily optimized to provide the desired level of protein for a given investigation from a single growth and purification. This combination provides an efficient, controllable option for isotopic labeling experiments.
The influences of macrosegregation, intermetallic particles, and dendritic spacing on the electrochemical behavior of hypoeutectic Al‐Cu alloys

The purpose of this research is (1) to investigate the influence of Al2Cu intermetallic particles associated with the dendritic arm spacing on the corrosion resistance of different hypoeutectic Al‐Cu alloys and (2) to evaluate the electrochemical behavior of a hypoeutectic Al‐Cu alloy directionally solidified under unsteady‐state heat flow. The as‐cast samples were produced using vacuum arc remelting and vertical upward water‐cooled solidification. Microscopic examinations were carried out with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy + energy dispersiveX‐ray analyses. To evaluate the surface corrosion behavior of such alloys, all corrosion tests were performed in a 0.5‐M NaCl solution at 25°C using an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique and potentiodynamic polarization curve analysis. Based on the tests, corrosion rate and impedance parameters were obtained. The present research has underlined the use of appropriate techniques of characterization for determining Al2Cu distribution, morphology, and fraction within the typical microstructures of Al‐Cu alloys. The experimental results have established correlations between the Al‐rich phase dendritic arm size, the intermetallic particles distribution in the eutectic mixture, the macrosegregation profile, and the resulting corrosion resistance. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structural and transfection properties of amine‐substituted gemini surfactant‐based nanoparticles

Increases in DNA transfection efficiencies for non‐viral vectors can be achieved through rational design of novel cationic building blocks. Based on previous results examining DNA condensation by polyamines, novel gemini surfactants have been designed that incorporate aza or imino substituents within the spacer group in order to increase interactions with DNA and potentially improve their DNA transfection ability.
Determinants of acute mortality of Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to ultra-low volume permethrin used for mosquito management

There are relatively few experimental studies and risk assessments of the effects on non-target insects from ultra-low volume (ULV) insecticides used for management of adult mosquitoes. Therefore, we evaluated factors that may influence the ability of an insect to intercept the insecticide at the time of application by using Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in field bioassay experiments in 2011 and 2015. Treatment factors included different distances, two cage heights (ground-level and 1.5 m above ground) to the point of the application, and covered vs. uncovered cage faces (2015 only). Insecticides used included a water-based formulation (Aqua-Reslin®) and an oil-based formulation (Permanone® 30-30) of permethrin. Cage height was highly significant both years, with much less acute (i.e., short-term exposure) mortality at ground-level compared with 1.5 m. In 2011, acute mortality was less at ground-level (mean = 3.2%, median = 0%) compared to 1.5 m (mean = 85.2%, median = 100%). Cage type also was highly significant, with less mortality in covered cages compared to uncovered cages. Mortality by cage height and cage type was as follows: ground level, covered cage (mean = 2.8%, median = 0.1%); ground level, uncovered cage (mean = 41.9%, median = 9.6%); 1.5 m, covered cage (mean = 6.8%, median = 0%); 1.5 m, uncovered cage (mean = 83.7%, median = 100%). Results suggest that acute mortality to non-target insects may vary considerably based on their height and their ability to directly intercept the insecticide as the aerosol passes through the area being sprayed.
The Impacts of Private Experience on the Employment of Different Public Job Positions

There have been many studies on the differences between the public and private sectors; yet, these studies often do not address differences within the public sector. This article investigates the impacts of the private sector experience on the employment of different categories of public employees: public budgeting and finance (PBF) employees, professionals, and managers. It also compares the different impacts among mixed categories of PBF professionals, non-PBF professionals, PBF managers, and non-PBF managers. The results suggest that the private sector experience increases the likelihood of a public sector employee being in a PBF or professional position, while it decreases the propensity of a public sector employee to be in a managerial position. Moreover, while private sector experience negatively correlates with public employees’ job satisfaction, the results are not significant for PBF employees and professionals, and the negative effects are much higher for non-PBF employees and nonprofessionals.
The Individual’s Level of Globalism and Citizen Commitment to the State

The article inquires about the role of globalization on individual commitment to the state by studying the tendency of high school students to evade obligatory military service in Israel. We define five dimensions of the individual’s level of globalism (ILG) and examine their impact on degrees of military service commitment. We suggest a new nondichotomous approach by considering, in addition to full evasion and full commitment to combat service, the option of quasi-evasion: to serve, but in a risk-free role. Investigating a sample of 2,705 eleventh and twelfth grade students, we find that quasi-evasion is widespread, involving 54 percent of all respondents and 40 percent of all males. More “globalized” individuals, those lacking active local ties and those with high levels of consumerism show a significantly greater tendency to evade military service. Counter to our expectations, students with lower levels of individualism also show a significantly greater tendency to evade military service.