Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat release and classification of fire retardant wood products

A comparison is presented of cone calorimeter heat release data between fire retardant treated and untreated wood products. The test results show significant differences between these two groups. The parameters included in the comparison are time to ignition, rate of heat release (peak and average values) and total heat release. The wood-based products were also tested in different small-scale national standard fire tests and in the full-scale room fire test. Fire retardant wood products achieve an improved classification both in present national systems and in possible new systems based on the cone calorimeter and the room fire test.
Effect of hypothermia and delayed thrombolysis in a rat embolic stroke model

Effect of hypothermia on cerebral infarcts was studied in rats embolized in the right carotid territory. Thirty‐four served as normothermic controls receiving saline infusion only. In 16 rats hypothermia of 32°C was induced by cooling with a fan, followed by embolization. The rats were kept hypothermic for the following 3 h before body temperature was raised to 37°C. In 26 rats, treatment with human recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (20 mg/kg i.v. during 45 min), started 2 h after embolization. Finally, 14 rats were treated similarly with hypothermia for 3 h followed by additional rt‐PA treatment starting after 2 h. Thrombolytic therapy reduced median infarct volume from 19.5% of affected hemisphere among controls to 4.6% (p = 0.006) in the treated group. Three hours of hypothermia reduced infarct volume to 1.6% (p = 0.0007). Additional rt‐PA could not demonstrate further improvement in this experimental setting.
Integrated view and path planning for an autonomous six-DOF eye-in-hand object modeling system

We present an integrated and fully autonomous eye-in-hand system for 3D object modeling. The system hardware consists of a laser range sensor mounted on a six-DOF manipulator arm and the task is to autonomously build 3D model of an object in-situ, i.e., the object may not be moved and must be scanned in its original location. Our system assumes no knowledge of either the object or the rest of the workspace of the robot. The overall planner integrates a next best view (NBV) algorithm along with a sensor-based roadmap planner. Our NBV algorithm while considering the key constraints such as FOV, viewing angle, overlap and occlusion, efficiently searches the five-dimensional view space to determine the best modeling view configuration. The sensor-based roadmap planner determines a collision-free path, to move the manipulator so that the wrist mounted scanner is at the view configuration. If the desired view configurations are not collision free, or there is no free path to reach them, the planner explores the workspace such that facilitates the modeling. This is repeated until the entire object is scanned. We have implemented the system and our results show that system is able to autonomously build a 3D model of an object in an unknown environment.
Exploiting Advanced Database Optimization Features for Large-Scale SAP R/3 Installations (cid:3)

The database volumes of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems like SAP R/3 are growing at a tremendous rate and some of them have already reached a size of several Terabytes. OLTP (Online Transaction Processing) databases of this size are hard to maintain and tend to perform poorly. Therefore most database vendors have implemented new features like horizontal partitioning to optimize such mission critical applications. Horizontal partitioning was already investigated in detail in the context of shared nothing distributed database systems but today’s ERP systems mostly use a centralized database with a shared everything architecture. In this work, we therefore investigate how an SAP R/3 system performs when the data in the underlying database is partitioned horizontally. Our results show that especially joins, in parallel executed statements, and administrative tasks benefit greatly from horizontal partitioning while the resulting small increase in the execution times of insertions, deletions and updates is tolerable. These positive results have initiated the SAP cooperation partners to pursue a partitioned data layout in some of their largest installed productive systems.
Compressed Sensing based Protocol for Efficient Reconstruction of Sparse Superimposed Data in a Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Network

We consider a multi-hop wireless sensor network that measures sparse events and propose a simple forwarding protocol based on Compressed Sensing (CS) which does not need any sophisticated Media Access Control (MAC) scheduling, neither a routing protocol, thereby making significant overhead and energy savings. By means of flooding, multiple packets with different superimposed measurements are received simultaneously at any node. Thanks to our protocol, each node is able to recover each measurement and forward it while avoiding cycles. Numerical results show that our protocol achieves close to zero reconstruction errors at the sink, while greatly reducing overhead. This initial research reveals a new and promising approach to protocol design through CS for wireless mesh and sensor networks.
Linear Equality Constraints in the General Linear Mixed Model

Summary. Scientists may wish to analyze correlated outcome data with constraints among the responses. For example, piecewise linear regression in a longitudinal data analysis can require use of a general linear mixed model combined with linear parameter constraints. Although well developed for standard univari‐ate models, there are no general results that allow a data analyst to specify a mixed model equation in conjunction with a set of constraints on the parameters. We resolve the difficulty by precisely describing conditions that allow specifying linear parameter constraints that insure the validity of estimates and tests in a general linear mixed model. The recommended approach requires only straightforward and noniterative calculations to implement. We illustrate the convenience and advantages of the methods with a comparison of cognitive developmental patterns in a study of individuals from infancy to early adulthood for children from low‐income families.
On-Machine Measurementand Characterization of V-Groove Structure Pattern on Precision Rollers

Rolling Imprint Lithography is an Enabling Technique for the Mass Production of Ultra-Precision Micro-Structured Surfaces which are Widely Used in High Value Added Optical Products such as Backlight Guides for Display Devices. the Accuracy of the Produced Micro-Structured Surfaces Relies Heavily on the Master Roller of which Quality is Difficult to be Controlled by Traditional Off-Line Measurement Process due to the Large Dimension and Heavy Weight of the Workpiece. this Paper Presents a CCD Based Non-Contact Measurement System to Perform the on-Machine Measurement of the Structure Pattern on Machined Rollers. Instead of Measuring each Single Structure on the Roller, the System is more Focused on the Characterization of the Conformance of the Structure Pattern with the Designer’s Requirement. Low Angle Monochromatic Light is Used to Extract the Structure Pattern on the Machined Roller Using a High Magnification Objective Lens with a High Resolution CCD Sensor. the Image Processing Techniques are then Employed to Characterize the Captured Image Based on the Designed Pattern Structure. the Developed System has been Mounted on a Single-Point Diamond Turning Machine to Measure the Machined Structured Roller, and the Results Indicate that the Developed Measurement System is Able to Perform the on-Machine Measurement and Characterization of the Structure Pattern of the Machined Roller with Sub-Micrometre Accuracy.
Numerical Simulation for Meniscus Bridge Formation and Breakage

For mechanical devices in micro or nanometer scale, interactions between surfaces have become very important. When two surfaces approach each other, in the presence of meniscus bridges by liquid film on the surface or condensed water from humid air, strong attractive force arises. And, the force heavily influences the operation of micro/nano devices. In this study, particle based numerical simulation was carried out to investigate the dynamic behavior of the meniscus bridge. By using Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) method, it is easy to identifying the large deformation of the liquid surface. The results obtained are compared with experiments. The dynamic process of the meniscus bridge formation and breakage with large deformation of the liquid surface is qualitatively simulated.
Articulating information needs in XML query languages

Document-centric XML is a mixture of text and structure. With the increased availability of document-centric XML documents comes a need for query facilities in which both structural constraints and constraints on the content of the documents can be expressed. How does the expressiveness of languages for querying XML documents help users to express their information needs? We address this question from both an experimental and a theoretical point of view. Our experimental analysis compares a structure-ignorant with a structure-aware retrieval approach using the test suite of the INEX XML Retrieval Evaluation Initiative. Theoretically, we create two mathematical models of users' knowledge of a set of documents and define query languages which exactly fit these models. One of these languages corresponds to an XML version of fielded search, the other to the INEX query language.Our main experimental findings are: First, while structure is used in varying degrees of complexity, two-thirds of the queries can be expressed in a fielded-search-like format which does not use the hierarchical structure of the documents. Second, three-quarters of the queries use constraints on the context of the elements to be returned; these contextual constraints cannot be captured by ordinary keyword queries. Third, structure is used as a search hint, and not as a strict requirement, when judged against the underlying information need. Fourth, the use of structure in queries functions as a precision enhancing device.
CONDITIONAL RANDOM FIELDS

logistic regression CRFs can be seen as a generalization of logistic regression. So we will begin by reviewing logistic regression. This is the simplest example of a " log-linear model " where the log-odds of the probability of a binary label y ∈ {0, 1} are a linear function of the data x ∈ R d : logit(P (y = 1|x)) = log P (y = 1|x) P (y = 0|x) = log P (y = 1|x) 1 − P (y = 1|x) = β T x = β 0 + d k=1 β k x k. Rearranging terms, we find that the probability that y = 1 is given by the sigmoid function P (y = 1|x) = 1 1 + exp(−β T x) = S(β T x).
Characterization of Vibrio cgolerae non-O1 serogroups obtained from an outbreak of diarrhea in Lima, Peru

In February 1994, an outbreak of diarrhea caused by non-O1 Vibrio cholerae occurred among volunteers in a vaccine trial study area in Lima, Peru. Clinically, 95% of the patients presented with liquid diarrhea with either no or mild dehydration. Serogrouping of 58 isolates recovered from diarrheal patients affected in the outbreak revealed seven different serogroups, with serogroups O10 (21%) and O12 (65%) being predominant. Most of these isolates were susceptible to a variety of antimicrobial agents. None of the 58 isolates hybridized with a DNA probe previously used to detect the gene encoding the heat-stable enterotoxin NAG-ST or produced cholera toxin as assessed by GM1 ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ribotyping exhibited 10 different BglI ribotype patterns among the 58 V. cholera non-O1 strains studied. However, ribotyping showed that all isolates belonging to serogroup O12 exhibited identical ribotypes and that 83% of the serogroup O10 isolates belonged to another identical ribotype, thus showing excellent correlation between ribotypes and serogroups. Among a group of O10 and O12 isolates selected for virulence studies, none produced enterotoxin whereas the majority produced a cytotoxin, as assessed in Y1 and HeLa cells. These isolates were also negative for the gene encoding zonula occludens toxin (Zot) as assessed by a PCR assay. The isolates tested showed strong adherence and some degree of invasion in the HEp-2 cell assay, whereas none of the isolates was positive in the PCR assay for the gene encoding the toxin coregulated pilus subunit A antigen (tcpA). In the removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea model, O10 and O12 serogroup isolates produced severe diarrhea and occasionally death when rabbits were challenged with 10(10) bacterial cells. Fluid accumulation was shown in the rabbit intestinal loop test when whole cultures were injected. No significant difference in virulence was shown between serogroup O10 and O12 isolates. This study provides further evidence that V. chlorae non-O1 non-O139 strains have diarrhegenic potential for humans through a yet-undefined mechanism(s) and that such strains can cause outbreaks.
A SUMO-regulated activation function controls synergy of c-Myb through a repressor–activator switch leading to differential p300 recruitment

Synergy between transcription factors operating together on complex promoters is a key aspect of gene activation. The ability of specific factors to synergize is restricted by sumoylation (synergy control, SC). Focusing on the haematopoietic transcription factor c-Myb, we found evidence for a strong SC linked to SUMO-conjugation in its negative regulatory domain (NRD), while AMV v-Myb has escaped this control. Mechanistic studies revealed a SUMO-dependent switch in the function of NRD. When NRD is sumoylated, the activity of c-Myb is reduced. When sumoylation is abolished, NRD switches into being activating, providing the factor with a second activation function (AF). Thus, c-Myb harbours two AFs, one that is constitutively active and one in the NRD being SUMO-regulated (SRAF). This double AF augments c-Myb synergy at compound natural promoters. A similar SUMO-dependent switch was observed in the regulatory domains of Sp3 and p53. We show that the change in synergy behaviour correlates with a SUMO-dependent differential recruitment of p300 and a corresponding local change in histone H3 and H4 acetylation. We therefore propose a general model for SUMO-mediated SC, where SUMO controls synergy by determining the number and strength of AFs associated with a promoter leading to differential chromatin signatures.
Dynamic Partnership between TFIIH, PGC-1α and SIRT1 Is Impaired in Trichothiodystrophy

The expression of protein-coding genes requires the selective role of many transcription factors, whose coordinated actions remain poorly understood. To further grasp the molecular mechanisms that govern transcription, we focused our attention on the general transcription factor TFIIH, which gives rise, once mutated, to Trichothiodystrophy (TTD), a rare autosomal premature-ageing disease causing inter alia, metabolic dysfunctions. Since this syndrome could be connected to transcriptional defects, we investigated the ability of a TTD mouse model to cope with food deprivation, knowing that energy homeostasis during fasting involves an accurate regulation of the gluconeogenic genes in the liver. Abnormal amounts of gluconeogenic enzymes were thus observed in TTD hepatic parenchyma, which was related to the dysregulation of the corresponding genes. Strikingly, such gene expression defects resulted from the inability of PGC1-α to fulfill its role of coactivator. Indeed, extensive molecular analyses unveiled that wild-type TFIIH cooperated in an ATP-dependent manner with PGC1-α as well as with the deacetylase SIRT1, thereby contributing to the PGC1-α deacetylation by SIRT1. Such dynamic partnership was, however, impaired when TFIIH was mutated, having as a consequence the disruption of PGC1-α recruitment to the promoter of target genes. Therefore, besides a better understanding of the etiology of TFIIH-related disease, our results shed light on the synergistic relationship that exist between different types of transcription factors, which is necessary to properly regulate the expression of protein coding genes.
Essential and distinct roles for cdc42 and rac1 in the regulation of Schwann cell biology during peripheral nervous system development

During peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelination, Schwann cells must interpret extracellular cues to sense their environment and regulate their intrinsic developmental program accordingly. The pathways and mechanisms involved in this process are only partially understood. We use tissue-specific conditional gene targeting to show that members of the Rho GTPases, cdc42 and rac1, have different and essential roles in axon sorting by Schwann cells. Our results indicate that although cdc42 is required for normal Schwann cell proliferation, rac1 regulates Schwann cell process extension and stabilization, allowing efficient radial sorting of axon bundles.
The cluster substructure–alignment connection

Using a sample of 903 APM clusters we investigate whether their dynamical status, as evidenced by the presence of significant substructures, is related to the large-scale structure of the Universe. We find that the cluster dynamical activity is strongly correlated with the tendency of clusters to be aligned with their nearest neighbour and in general with the nearby clusters that belong to the same supercluster. Furthermore, dynamically active clusters are more clustered than the overall cluster population. These are strong indications that clusters develop in a hierarchical fashion by anisotropic merging along the large-scale filaments within which they are embedded.
Neutrino Mixing Sum Rules and Oscillation Experiments

The neutrino mixing sum rule ? 12-? 13cos(? ) approx ? 12 provides a possibility to explore the structure of the neutrino mass matrix in the presence of charged lepton corrections, since it relates the 1-2 mixing angle from the neutrino mass matrix, ? 12? , to observable parameters of the PMNS mixing matrix. The neutrino mixing sum rule holds if the charged lepton mixing angles are CKM-like, i.e., small and dominated by a 1-2 mixing, and for small 1-3 mixing in the neutrino mass matrix. These conditions hold in a wide class of well motivated flavour models. We apply this sum rule to present oscillation data, and we investigate the prospects of future neutrino facilities for exploring the sum rule by simulating various setups for long-baseline reactor and accelerator experiments. As explicit examples, we use the sum rule to test the hypotheses of tri-bimaximal and bimaximal neutrino mixing, where ? 12 is predicted by sin2(? 12) = 1/3 or 1/2, respectively, although the neutrino mixing sum rule can be used to test any prediction for ? 12.
Neurotrophin-3 Is Required for the Survival–Differentiation of Subsets of Developing Enteric Neurons

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) promotes enteric neuronal developmentin vitro; nevertheless, an enteric nervous system (ENS) is present in mice lacking NT-3 or TrkC. We thus analyzed the physiological significance of NT-3 in ENS development. Subsets of neurons developing in vitro in response to NT-3 became NT-3 dependent; NT-3 withdrawal led to apoptosis, selectively in TrkC-expressing neurons. Antibodies to NT-3, which blocked the developmental response of enteric crest-derived cells to exogenous NT-3, did not inhibit neuronal development in cultures of isolated crest-derived cells but did so in mixed cultures of crest- and non-neural crest-derived cells; therefore, the endogenous NT-3 that supports enteric neuronal development is probably obtained from noncrest-derived mesenchymal cells. In mature animals, retrograde transport of 125I-NT-3, injected into the mucosa, labeled neurons in ganglia of the submucosal but not myenteric plexus; injections of 125I-NT-3 into myenteric ganglia, the tertiary plexus, and muscle, labeled neurons in underlying submucosal and distant myenteric ganglia. The labeling pattern suggests that NT-3-dependent submucosal neurons may be intrinsic primary afferent and/or secretomotor, whereas NT-3-dependent myenteric neurons innervate other myenteric ganglia and/or the longitudinal muscle. Myenteric neurons were increased in number and size in transgenic mice that overexpress NT-3 directed to myenteric ganglia by the promoter for dopamine β-hydroxylase. The numbers of neurons were regionally reduced in both plexuses in mice lacking NT-3 or TrkC. A neuropoietic cytokine (CNTF) interacted with NT-3 in vitro, and if applied sequentially, compensated for NT-3 withdrawal. These observations indicate that NT-3 is required for the normal development of the ENS.
Operation of a reversed pentacene-fullerene discrete heterojunction photovoltaic device 10.1063/1

The photoresponse of reversed bilayer organic photovoltaic device based on pentacene and C60 is examined, and the mechanism of photocurrent generation is shown to be different to that in conventional heterojunction devices, with free charge carriers generated at the electrode-organic interfaces rather than the organic heterojunction. This hypothesis is tested with silver nanoclusters incorporated at the organic heterojunction to quench excitons and facilitate recombination of free charge carriers, which shows a predicted increase in Jsc. The large Voc in this reversed cell structure is also rationalized in the context of the model proposed.
A census of Tandem system availability between 1985 and 1990

A census of customer outages reported to Tandem showing a clear improvement in the reliability of hardware and maintenance has been taken. It indicates that software is now the major source of reported outages (62%), followed by system operations (15%). This is a dramatic shift from the statistics for 1985. Even after discounting systematic underreporting of operations and environmental outages, the conclusion is clear: hardware faults and hardware maintenance are no longer a major source of outages. As the other components of the system become increasingly reliable, software necessarily becomes the dominant cause of outages. Achieving higher availability requires improvement in software quality and software fault tolerance, simpler operations, and tolerance of operational faults. >
Gaining access to agency and structure in industrial marketing theory

This article is concerned with gaining greater insight into the interplay between agency and structure in industrial marketing (IM) scholarship. The article’s intent is to embed Midgley’s notion of critical pluralism within this endeavour. The article commends the movement towards increased deployment of critical realism, but cautions against the dangers of creating further atomism in marketing theory by generating another paradigm of thought with strongly defended boundaries, impervious to outside influence. The article advances a case for critical pluralism within IM scholarship and offers a three-dimensional (theoretical, methodological and methodical) framework to aid this. The discussion demonstrates how critical pluralism can be deployed to gain insights into agency and structure using a number of ‘integrative’ theoretical perspectives.
Coarse symbol timing for OFDM systems by ranking preamble cross-correlations

In this paper, we develop a novel coarse symbol timing estimator for wireless orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The proposed preamble-based estimator generates a new sequence from a repeated preamble and its cycling shift. The new sequence obtained by ranking the correlation coefficients is used for cross-correlation. Moreover, the proposed scheme can refine the estimation performance and is robust to the degree of channel distortions by using several sorted candidate sequences. Compared with the conventional schemes, our scheme improves the mean square error (MSE) performance in highly Doppler spread multipath fading channels, and it is attractive for realistic applications, such as multicast-broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) and satellite communications networks.