Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-demand Misbehavior Detection for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

Maintaining communication links of an established communication path that extends between source and destination nodes is a significant challenge in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks due to movement of the vehicles. Operations of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network rely on the collaboration of participating nodes to route data for each other. A critical requirement on the nodes is to cooperate with each other for successful data transmission. Thus, the impact of malicious and selfish users must be detected to ensure the operations of Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. In this article, we proposed On-demand Misbehavior Detection technique for vehicle-to-vehicle communication. We adapt two location-based routing protocols, Contention-Based Forwarding and Connectionless Approach for Streets, to our On-demand Misbehavior Detection. Various experiments are conducted to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed On-demand Misbehavior Detection technique. The simulation and analytical results showed that the proposed technique is very effective in detecting misbehaving nodes.
A fuzzy logic tuned polynomial based predictor for processes having long dead-times

Prediction using linear interpolation works well in systems where the destabilizing effects of long dead-times are not dominant. When the process contains a long dead-time, prediction using linear derivative control will not work because the measured signal will not contain sufficient information about any future changes that may occur in the loop. Under these conditions, the anticipatory nature of the derivative controller fails to ensure proper control of deadtime dominant processes. This paper proposes a fuzzy logic tuned, polynomial based nonlinear predictor to improve the control of plants experiencing instability due to long dead-times. The proposed predictor replaces the derivative controller in a PID controller, and contributes towards a general improvement of the control performance in systems having long dead-times.
Preparation and Analysis of PCL Spun Chitosan Scaffolds as Guidance Channels for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

The results of this work show that the process of oriented solidification and lyophilisation is able to pro- duce porous chitosan scaffolds with appropriate porosity a nd pore size for nerve regeneration. Interesting in this context are the results of statistical analysis of image analysis from SEM micrographs of uncrosslinked and UV cross-linked samples. The average pore size and mean minimum pore diameter show only small differences if the cooling rate is varied from B = 1…5 K / min and the temperature gradient from G = 1, 1.5, 2.0 K / mm. The average pore size (cross sectional area) of these samples can be estimated with reasonable accuracy, with 2100 µm². The average minimum pore diameter is within the range of 36-38 µm. These values are in a favourable range for the cell growth of nerve regeneration.
Modeling of mobility in urban environment

The paper analyzes the impact of duration and probability of generating a pause in the nodes movement on the performance of AODV routing protocol in an urban environment. Mobility in the urban environment is generated by applying Manhattan Grid mobility model. In addition, we have performed a comparative analysis of results obtained using two mobility generators, BonnMotion and SUMO. Experimental comparison is based on a number of OTcl scripts simulated in NS2 environment and adequate mobility generator. Analysis of the results was performed using Trace Graph application.
Detection of Enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens Type A Isolates in American Retail Foods

ABSTRACT Currently there is only limited understanding of the reservoirs for Clostridium perfringens type A food poisoning. A recent survey (Y.-T. Lin and R. Labbe, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:1642-1646, 2003) of non-outbreak American retail foods did not identify the presence of a single C. perfringens isolate carrying the enterotoxin gene (cpe) necessary for causing food poisoning. The present study revisited this issue, using revised methodology and food sampling strategies. In our survey, cpe-positive C. perfringens isolates were detected in ∼1.4% of ∼900 surveyed non-outbreak American retail foods. Interestingly, those enterotoxigenic isolates in non-outbreak foods appear indistinguishable from C. perfringens isolates known to cause food poisoning outbreaks: i.e., the enterotoxigenic retail food isolates all carry a chromosomal cpe gene, are classified as type A, and exhibit exceptional heat resistance. Collectively, these findings indicate that some American foods are contaminated, at the time of retail purchase, with C. perfringens isolates having full potential to cause food poisoning. Furthermore, demonstrating that type A isolates carrying a chromosomal cpe gene are the enterotoxigenic isolates most commonly present in foods helps to explain why these isolates (rather than type A isolates carrying a plasmid cpe gene or cpe-positive type C or D isolates) are strongly associated with food poisoning outbreaks. Finally, since type A chromosomal cpe isolates present in the surveyed raw foods exhibited strong heat resistance, it appears that exceptional heat resistance is not a survivor trait selected for by cooking but is instead an intrinsic trait possessed by many type A chromosomal cpe isolates.
Gene Regulation and Species-Specific Evolution of Free Flight Odor Tracking in Drosophila

The flying ability of insects has coevolved with the development of organs necessary to take-off from the ground, generate, and modulate lift during flight in complex environments. Flight orientation to the appropriate food source and mating partner depends on the perception and integration of multiple chemical signals. We used a wind tunnel-based assay to investigate the natural and molecular evolution of free flight odor tracking in Drosophila. First, the comparison of female and male flies of several populations and species revealed substantial sex-, inter-, and intra-specific variations for distinct flight features. In these flies, we compared the molecular structure of desat1, a fast-evolving gene involved in multiple aspects of Drosophila pheromonal communication. We manipulated desat1 regulation and found that both neural and nonneural tissues affect distinct flight features. Together, our data suggest that desat1 is one of the genes involved in the evolution of free-flight odor tracking behaviors in Drosophila.
Prototyping a new generation of watt balances

It has been shown that under specific circumstances the watt balance becomes immune to a range of errors that previously were thought to require careful alignment for their elimination. This opens the door to a new generation of watt balances which should be easier to build, more robust and easier to operate than previous designs. Possible new designs include an instrument based on a seismometer suspension and one based on a conventional knife edge balance with the coil attached rigidly to the balance beam and arranged to generate torque about the central knife. Work has commenced on the construction of a prototype balance based on the seismometer suspension. The paper describes the principles behind the new balances and outlines the balance designs.
Disentangling Motion, Foreground and Background Features in Videos

This paper instroduces an unsupervised framework to extract semantically rich features for video representation. Inspired by how the human visual system groups objects based on motion cues, we propose a deep convolutional neural network that disentangles motion, foreground and background information. The proposed architecture consists of a 3D convolutional feature encoder for blocks of 16 frames, which is trained for reconstruction tasks over the first and last frames of the sequence. The model is trained with a fraction of videos from the UCF-101 dataset taking as ground truth the bounding boxes around the activity regions. Qualitative results indicate that the network can successfully update the foreground appearance based on pure-motion features. The benefits of these learned features are shown in a discriminative classification task when compared with a random initialization of the network weights, providing a gain of accuracy above the 10%.
IWNetFAF: An Integrated Wireless Network Forensic Analysis Framework

In order to identify attacks and malicious behaviors, network packets must be intercepted and analyzed. However, the amount of data logged will be enormous. Trying to process manually this volume of traffic would be massively expensive. This research presents an integrated framework IWNetFAF that captures and analyzes the 802.11 wireless network traffic. IWNetFAF meets the common requirements of a wireless network forensics, namely: capturing wireless network traffic, analyzing the captured traffic according to the investigation's needs, and extracting and documenting digital evidence from the analyzed traffic.
Bacterial counts associated with poultry processing at different sampling times

Aerobic plate counts, Enterobacteriaceae counts and Pseudomonas counts were performed on neck skin samples from six processing steps in a poultry abattoir at three different sampling times. Sampling time 1 was shortly after start‐up of processing operations, time 2 after a tea break which was preceded by a cold water rinse‐down of equipment surfaces, and time 3 before shut‐down. No significant differences (P > 0.05) in microbial numbers of neck skin samples were observed between the three sampling times at the six sampling sites. At this particular processing plant, therefore, sampling at any time of the processing shift would thus not lead to significantly different bacterial counts of neck skins. The lowest aerobic plate counts, over all three sampling times, were obtained for neck skins sampled after spray washing, and the highest for neck skins sampled after packaging. This indicated the efficacy of the washing step in reducing microbial contamination but subsequent re‐contamination of carcasses. Despite the Pseudomonas counts of neck skins being lower than the Enterobacteriaceae counts at the beginning of processing, packaging of carcasses resulted in Pseudomonas counts that were higher than the Enterobacteriaceae counts.
Validity and reliability of the COHIP‐SF in Australian children with orofacial cleft

AIM To measure the validity and reliability of the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form (COHIP-SF) in Australian children with orofacial cleft (OFC) and to evaluate the need for a proxy report. DESIGN Children with OFC and their proxy completed a COHIP-SF questionnaire. Items were divided into oral health, functional and socio-emotional subscales, and scores on all subscales were compared between and within groups. RESULTS A total of 222 children (average age 11.3, SD = 3.5, range 8.0-14.0) and 215 proxies completed the COHIP-SF, with similar mean scores of 50.8 (SD = 13.7) and 48.1 (SD = 14.0). Excellent internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.9) and convergent validity was evident (P < 0.001); however, discriminant validity was weaker. There was strong correlation between child and proxy reports (Pearson's r = 0.7), and intraclass correlation coefficients were high indicating good child/proxy agreement. Older children had poor socio-emotional well-being (P < 0.004), and children with bilateral cleft lip and palate (CL/P) and velopharyngeal insufficiency/submucous cleft (VPI/SMC) had poor functional well-being. Those with private health insurance reported better oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The COHIP-SF is a valid and reliable measure for measuring OHRQoL in Australian children with OFC. Proxy reports did not add further information regarding a child's OHRQoL.
What is the optimal perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy?

BACKGROUND A significant proportion of patients undergoing otolaryngological surgery take antiplatelet therapy for a variety of conditions, including coronary artery disease and angina; following cardiac procedures, stroke, or transient ischemic attacks; and peripheral vascular disease. However, continuation of antiplatelet therapy may lead to increased risk of bleeding, whereas discontinuation could cause cardiovascular complications.
Crystal structure of the Golgi casein kinase

The family with sequence similarity 20 (Fam20) kinases phosphorylate extracellular substrates and play important roles in biomineralization. Fam20C is the Golgi casein kinase that phosphorylates secretory pathway proteins within Ser-x-Glu/pSer motifs. Mutations in Fam20C cause Raine syndrome, an osteosclerotic bone dysplasia. Here we report the crystal structure of the Fam20C ortholog from Caenorhabditis elegans. The nucleotide-free and Mn/ADP-bound structures unveil an atypical protein kinase-like fold and highlight residues critical for activity. The position of the regulatory αC helix and the lack of an activation loop indicate an architecture primed for efficient catalysis. Furthermore, several distinct elements, including the presence of disulfide bonds, suggest that the Fam20 family diverged early in the evolution of the protein kinase superfamily. Our results reinforce the structural diversity of protein kinases and have important implications for patients with disorders of biomineralization.
Periodic-Coefficient Damping Estimates, and Stability of Large-Amplitude Roll Waves in Inclined Thin Film Flow

A technical obstruction preventing the conclusion of nonlinear stability of large-Froude number roll waves of the St. Venant equations for inclined thin film flow is the “slope condition” of Johnson, Noble, and Zumbrun, used to obtain pointwise symmetrizability of the linearized equations and thereby high-frequency resolvent bounds and a crucial $H^s$ nonlinear damping estimate. Numerically, this condition is seen to hold for Froude numbers $2<F\lessapprox 3.5$ but to fail for $3.5 \lessapprox F$. As hydraulic engineering applications typically involve Froude number $2.5\lessapprox F \lessapprox 20$, this issue is indeed relevant to practical considerations. Here, we show that the pointwise slope condition can be replaced by an averaged version which holds always, thereby completing the nonlinear theory in the large-$F$ case. The analysis has potentially larger interest as an extension to the periodic case of a type of weighted “Kawashima-type” damping estimate introduced in the asymptotically constant co.
Cost‐minimization study comparing Simulect® vs. Thymoglobulin® in renal transplant induction

Abstract: Purpose: Based on the data of clinical trial CHI‐F‐02 comparing the efficacy and safety of basiliximab (Simulect®) vs. anti‐thymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin®) in renal transplant induction, we carried out an economic evaluation.
Fabrication, Structure Characterization, and Performance Testing of Piezoelectret-Film Sensors for Recording Body Motion

During muscle contractions, radial-force distributions are generated on muscle surfaces due to muscle-volume changes, from which the corresponding body motions can be recorded by means of so-called force myography (FMG). Piezo-or ferroelectrets are flexible piezoelectric materials with attractive materials and sensing properties. In addition to several other applications, they are suitable for detecting force variations by means of wearable devices. In this paper, we prepared piezoelectrets from cellular polypropylene films by optimizing the fabrication procedures, and developed an FMG-recording system based on piezoelectret sensors. Different hand and wrist movements were successfully detected on able-bodied subjects with the FMG system. The FMG patterns were evaluated and identified by means of linear discriminant analysis and artificial neural network algorithms, and average motion-classification accuracies of 96.1% and 94.8%, respectively, were obtained. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using piezoelectret-film sensors for FMG and may thus lead to alternative methods for detecting body motion and to related applications, e.g., in biomedical engineering or structural-health monitoring.
A built-in self-testing approach for minimizing hardware overhead

A built-in self-test (BIST) hardware insertion technique is addressed. Applying to register transfer level designs, this technique utilizes not only the circuit structure but also the module functionality in reducing test hardware overhead. Experimental results have shown up to 38% reduction in area overhead over other system level BIST techniques. <<ETX>>
Basic Need Satisfaction and Suicidal Ideation: A Self-Determination Perspective on Interpersonal Suicide Risk and Suicidal Thinking

This study investigated the relationship between the basic psychological needs, as outlined by self-determination theory, and the interpersonal predictors of suicidal desire, as outlined by the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior. It was hypothesized that basic need satisfaction (collective feeling of autonomy, relatedness, and competence) would be related to suicidal ideation through thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. Mediation analyses demonstrated that thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness both individually mediated the relationship between basic need satisfaction and suicidal ideation. Relatedness also predicted variance of the interaction of thwarted belongingness by perceived burdensomeness while controlling for depression. The clinical utility of assessing need satisfaction as an indication of suicide risk is discussed. Future research to investigate the temporal relationship of the study variables is recommended.
Stromelysin Synthesizing Cells in Synovial Tissues of Rheumatoid Arthritis Demonstrated by In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemical Methods the Short Report

Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA, * Department of Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980, 'Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160, and Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
Personal and Workplace Factors and Median Nerve Function in a Pooled Study of 2396 US Workers

Objective: Evaluate associations between personal and workplace factors and median nerve conduction latency at the wrist. Methods: Baseline data on workplace psychosocial and physical exposures were pooled from four prospective studies of production and service workers (N = 2396). During the follow-up period, electrophysiologic measures of median nerve function were collected at regular intervals. Results: Significant adjusted associations were observed between age, body mass index, sex, peak hand force, duration of forceful hand exertions, Threshold Limit Value for Hand Activity Limit, forceful repetition rate, wrist extension, and decision latitude on median nerve latencies. Conclusions: Occupational and nonoccupational factors have adverse effects on median nerve function. Measuring median nerve function eliminates possible reporting bias that may affect symptom-based carpal tunnel syndrome case definitions. These results suggest that previously observed associations between carpal tunnel syndrome and occupational factors are not the result of such reporting bias.
Poliovirus-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytolytic T-cell epitopes in mice localize to neutralizing antigenic regions

A major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response is induced in BALB/c mice upon immunization with poliovirus serotype 1 (Mahoney strain). A similar class I-restricted response is also induced upon immunization with purified VP1 capsid proteins. Thus, poliovirus-specific MHC class I CTL responses can be induced independently of viral infection in murine hosts. In experiments using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors expressing different segments of the poliovirus capsid proteins and synthetic peptides, two regions of the VP1 capsid protein appear to contain epitopes recognized by this bulk CTL population. These epitope regions contain a Kd-restricted peptide-binding motif. Interestingly, each of these CTL epitopes is located near previously defined neutralizing antigenic sites.
Per-Round Knapsack-Constrained Linear Submodular Bandits

Linear submodular bandits has been proven to be effective in solving the diversification and feature-based exploration problem in information retrieval systems. Considering there is inevitably a budget constraint in many web-based applications, such as news article recommendations and online advertising, we study the problem of diversification under a budget constraint in a bandit setting. We first introduce a budget constraint to each exploration step of linear submodular bandits as a new problem, which we call per-round knapsack-constrained linear submodular bandits. We then define an -approximation unit-cost regret considering that the submodular function maximization is NP-hard. To solve this new problem, we propose two greedy algorithms based on a modified UCB rule. We prove these two algorithms with different regret bounds and computational complexities. Inspired by the lazy evaluation process in submodular function maximization, we also prove that a modified lazy evaluation process can be used to accelerate our algorithms without losing their theoretical guarantee. We conduct a number of experiments, and the experimental results confirm our theoretical analyses.
Body composition changes with time in pediatric burn patients.

BACKGROUND Major trauma and burns are associated with whole body catabolism which can persist for 1 or more years after injury. This study investigates body composition in massively burned children for up to 2 years. METHODS Twenty-five pediatric patients with greater than 40% total body surface area burns were studied. At discharge, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after burn height, weight, body composition, resting energy expenditure (REE), serum growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), insulin, cortisol, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid hormones were measured. Tukey's test was used for analysis. Significance was accepted at p < 0.05. RESULTS Lean body mass, fat mass, bone mineral content, height, and weight increased significantly during the second year after burn. Percent predicted REE decreased significantly, whereas IGFBP-3 and parathyroid hormone levels increased significantly over time. Insulin and T3 uptake were significantly higher at discharge. CONCLUSIONS Body composition of severely burned children significantly improved in the second year compared with the first year after injury. This demonstrates a need for long-term rehabilitation in these burn patients.