Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protein Kinase C Activation Promotes the Internalization of the Human Cationic Amino Acid Transporter hCAT-1

The human cationic amino acid transporter hCAT-1 is almost ubiquitously expressed and probably the most important entity for supplying cells with extracellular arginine, lysine, and ornithine. We have previously shown that hCAT-1-mediated transport is decreased after protein kinase C (PKC) activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (Gräf, P., Förstermann, U., and Closs, E. I. (2001) Br. J. Pharmacol. 132, 1193–1200). In the present study, we examined the mechanism of this down-regulation. In both Xenopus laevis oocytes and U373MG glioblastoma cells, PMA treatment promoted the internalization of hCAT-1 (fused to the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP)) as visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Biotinylation of cell surface proteins and subsequent Western blot analyses confirmed that the cell surface expression of hCAT-1·EGFP was significantly reduced upon PMA treatment. Pretreatment with the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I prevented the reduction by PMA of both hCAT-1·EGFP-induced arginine transport and the internalization of the transporter. Similar results were obtained with hCAT-1 expressed endogenously in DLD-1 colon carcinoma cells. Inhibition of protein synthesis did not augment the PMA effect. In addition, the PMA effect was reverted in washout experiments without changing the hCAT-1 protein expression, suggesting that the PMA effect is reversible in these cells. PKC did not phosphorylate hCAT-1 directly as evidenced by in vivo phosphorylation experiments and mutational analysis, indicating an indirect action of PKC on hCAT-1.
Intellectual property valuation : a primer for identifying and determining value

This primer, written by experts in the area, answers some of the mostfrequently asked questions about identifying the value of the primarytypes of intellectual property (IP) and other intangible assets. It alsolooks at the primary, traditional, and not-so-traditional methods ofvaluing these assets and includes definitions, glossary, case studiesand situations where valuation is required.
Functional Anatomy of Dominance for Speech Comprehension in Left Handers vs Right Handers

In order to study the functional anatomy of hemispheric dominance for language comprehension we compared the patterns of activations and deactivations with PET and H(2)15O during a story-listening task in two groups of normal volunteers selected on the basis of their handedness. The reference task was a silent rest. The results showed asymmetrical temporal activations favoring the left hemisphere in right handers (RH) together with Broca's area and medial frontal activations. A rightward lateralization of deactivations located in the parietal and inferior temporal gyrus was also observed. In left handers (LH) the temporal activations were more symmetrical as were the parietal and inferior frontal deactivations. Broca's area and medial frontal gyrus activations were present in LH. The direct comparison of RH and LH activations revealed larger activations in the left superior temporal, in particular in the left planum temporale and temporal pole of RH, while LH activated an additional right middle temporal region. Individual analysis of LH differences images superimposed on individual MRI planes demonstrated an important variability of functional dominance, with two LH leftward lateralized, two symmetrical, and one showing a rightward lateralization of temporal activations. There was no relationship between functional dominance and handedness scores. These results are in accordance with data from aphasiology that suggest a greater participation of the right hemisphere in language processing in LH. In addition, the presence of bilateral deactivations of the dorsal route could support the assumption that LH ambilaterality concerns, in addition to language, other cognitive functions such as visuospatial processing.
Long-term survival after pulmonary metastatectomy of hepatocellular carcinoma; treatment outcome or natural history?

BACKGROUND/AIMS To evaluate the role of pulmonary metastatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODOLOGY Four hepatocellular carcinoma patients underwent pulmonary metastatectomy. Patients were considered candidates for pulmonary metastatectomy when they met the following criteria; 1) intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma was under control or anticipated to be under control in the near future; 2) the metastatic lesions appeared to be amenable to complete resection; 3) there was no metastasis at another site. RESULTS The median duration of follow-up was 4.1 (range: 2.4 to 6.0) years. During this period, 1 patient died of pulmonary recurrence 29 months after metastatectomy. The remaining 3 were alive at the time of writing; one for 43 months after metastatectomy without recurrence; another for 72 months with intrahepatic recurrence; and the third for 54 months with extrahepatic recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Long-term survival was achieved after pulmonary metastatectomy in highly selected hepatocellular carcinoma patients. However, "highly selected patients" might imply that such patients belong to a special subgroup composed of cases with an intrinsically slow growing tumor biology. Therefore, it is an issue of interest as to whether the long-term survival acquired by these cases results from the pulmonary metastatectomy, or whether it is a reflection of a fate dictated by intrinsic tumor biology.
Capital-Structure Changes Around IPOs

This paper examines capital-structure changes around IPOs. We find that the magnitude of leverage changes as well as market timing in hot-issue markets are sensitive to sample selection and whether preferred shares are treated as debt when computing pre-IPO leverage. Consistent with investor concern with overinvestment, firms that rely on preferred stock prior to their IPO are more likely to engage in staged equity financing after they go public. Overall, using a broader sample of IPO firms, we find little evidence of transitory declines in leverage during hot-issue markets.
Deletion of the PEST-like Region of Photosystem Two Modifies the QB-binding Pocket but Does Not Prevent Rapid Turnover of D1 (*)

The rapid turn-over of the D1 polypeptide of the photosystem two complex has been suggested to be due to the presence of a “PEST”-like sequence located between putative transmembrane helices IV and V of D1 (Greenberg, B. M., Gaba, V., Mattoo, A. K. and Edelman, M.(1987) EMBO J. 6, 2865-2869). We have tested this hypothesis by constructing a deletion mutant (Δ226-233) of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in which residues 226-233 of the D1 polypeptide, containing the PEST-like sequence, have been removed. The resulting mutant, ΔPEST, is able to grow photoautotrophically and give light-saturated rates of oxygen at wild type levels. However electron transfer on the acceptor side of the complex is perturbed. Analysis of cells by thermoluminescence and by monitoring the decay in quantum yield of variable fluorescence following saturating flash excitation indicates that QB−, but not QA−, is destabilized in this mutant. Electron transfer on the donor side of photosystem two remains largely unchanged in the mutant. Turnover of the D1 polypeptide as examined by pulse-chase experiments using [35S]methionine was enhanced in the ΔPEST mutant compared to strain TC31 which is the wild type control. We conclude that the PEST sequence is not absolutely required for turn-over of the D1 polypeptide in vivo although deletion of residues 226-233 does have an effect on the redox equilibrium between QA and QB.
SEXUAL ACTIVITY CARDIOLOGICAL SURVEY ON MEMBERS OF THE ISRAEL HEART SOCIETY

A nationwide telephone survey conducted under the auspices of the Israeli Heart Society examined cardiologists' knowledge of and attitudes towards sexual activity among cardiac patients with concomitant sexual dysfunction. The items covered demography, understanding of relevant mechanisms, drug effects and cardiovascular physiology during sexual activity, suitable interventions and sources of the cardiologists' knowledge. Compliance was excellent (364/379 [96%] responders). Attitudes and knowledge were similar among males and females: 74% underestimated the published frequency of erectile dysfunction in general and among cardiac patients specifically; 90% knew that beta‐blockers cause erectile dysfunction but few responded correctly about other non‐cardiac drugs; 77% try to cope with their patient's problematic sexual function, especially younger cardiologists who tended to be more up to date about it. Israeli cardiologists are motivated to assist these patients but demonstrate a general lack of adequate up to date knowledge on the epidemiological, physiological and pharmacological aspects of the problem.
Financial Statement Analysis

Part One Introduction and Overview1. Overview of Financial Statement Analysis2. Financial Reporting and AnalysisPart Two Accounting Analysis3. Analyzing Financing Activities4. Analyzing Investing Activities5. Analyzing Investing Activities: Intercorporate Investments6. Analyzing Operating ActivitiesPart Three Financial Analysis7. Cash Flow Analysis8. Return on Invested Capital and Profitability Analysis9. Prospective analysis10. Credit Analysis11. Equity Analysis and ValuationComprehensive Case: Applying Financial Statement AnalysisAppendix A. Financial StatementsDell Inc.Campbell SoupInterest TablesReferencesIndexQuick Review
A 2:1 cocrystal of the cis and trans isomers of bis[1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato(1−)-κ2 O,O′]bis(4-phenylpyridine N-oxide-κO)copper(II)

The title compound is a co-crystal of the cis and trans isomers, namely cis-bis[1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato(1−)-κ2 O,O′]bis(4-phenylpyridine N-oxide-κO)copper(II)–trans-bis[1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato(1−)-κ2 O,O′]bis(4-phenylpyridine N-oxide-κO)copper(II) (2/1), [Cu(C5HF6O2)2(C11H9NO)2]. In both isomers, the coordination geometry of the Cu2+ atom is octahedral, exhibiting typical Jahn–Teller distortion. The metal atom of the trans isomer is located on an inversion centre. In the cis isomer, the phenyl ring in one 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide ligand is disordered over two orientations in a 1:1 ratio. In the crystal, weak intermolecular C—H⋯F and C—H⋯O contacts establish connections between the cis and trans isomers.
Novel 2D displacement estimation in rotating and shearing structures using free-shape kernels of radio frequency data

This fundamental study examines the feasibility of measuring rotation and the performance of strain estimation in shearing and rotating structures using three different RF-based methods. Linear array data of a homogeneous block phantom were simulated using Field II©. The block was subjected to a shear strain of 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0% in combination with an applied load equivalent to 0.0, 1.0 and 2.0% vertical strain. Secondly, simulations in which the block was rotated over a range of 0.5° to 5.0° and 10° (with again 0.0 – 2.0% vertical strain) were performed. Displacements were estimated using a coarse-to-fine strain algorithm with sub-sample aligning and stretching of data using 1D and 2D pre-compression kernels (‘rigid-1D’ and ‘rigid-2D’, respectively). A different approach was developed in which the search area was not limited to a box-shaped 2D region: Axial displacements were used to deform the kernel in the axial direction freely, resulting in shapes such as parallelograms (‘free-2D’). All three methods were applied to the simulated data and the displacements, strains and rotations were estimated. The study revealed that ‘free-2D’ outperformed the other methods, especially for large shear strains or rotation angles. The variance decreased by a factor 4 to 5. Rotations were measured up to 4.0 – 5.0°. The measured angles were slightly underestimated, especially below the focus. The precision of the strain estimates decreased with increasing rotation angles. Again, the precision was enhanced when using the ‘free-2D’ method. In conclusion, the proposed ‘free-shape’ 2D method enhances the measurement of (shear) strains and rotation. Experimental validation of the new method still has to be performed.
The Timeliness of Analysts' Earnings Forecasts and the Cost of Capital

We empirically examine the associations between the cost of capital and the timeliness of analysts' earnings forecasts, as a proxy for disclosure precision. We document that as the precision of the information increases so does the cost of capital, consistent with prior research showing more timely disclosures are positively associated with the cost of capital, and that the precision of disclosure widens the information gap between informed and uninformed investors in an imperfect market. We also find that at a certain point, more timely analysts' forecasts are not positively associated with the cost of capital, although the relation is mixed.
Performance-Messung schweizerischer Aktienfonds: Markt-Timing und Selektivität

This article deals with the performance of six selected Swiss stock funds covering a period from January 1984 to October 1990 and focusing on the identification of selectivity and market timing. The funds analyzed feature practically no systematic and statistically significant components of performance other than those which could also be achieved by passive strategies. In addition, the article also focuses on methodological aspects such as the sensitivity of the results depending on differing reference indices and corrections in heteroscedasticity. RESUME Cet article traite de la performance de six fonds de placement en actions choisis, observés pendant la période de janvier 1984 à octobre 1990. L'identification de la sélectivité et du "market-timing" y sont au premier plan. Les fonds analysés n'ont guère de composantes de performance systématique et statistiquement signifiantes qui ne pourraient pas être atteintes également par des stratégies passives. Enfin, les points de vue méthodiques ainsi que la sensibilité des résultats face à des index référentiels et des corrections d'hétéroscédasticité sont au premier plan.
Grb2 Is Important for T Cell Development, Th Cell Differentiation, and Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

The small adaptor protein growth factor receptor–bound protein 2 (Grb2) modulates and integrates signals from receptors on cellular surfaces in inner signaling pathways. In murine T cells, Grb2 is crucial for amplification of TCR signaling. T cell–specific Grb2fl/fl Lckcretg Grb2-deficient mice show reduced T cell numbers due to impaired negative and positive selection. In this study, we found that T cell numbers in Grb2fl/fl CD4cretg mice were normal in the thymus and were only slightly affected in the periphery. Ex vivo analysis of CD4+ Th cell populations revealed an increased amount of Th1 cells within the CD4+ population of Grb2fl/fl CD4cretg mice. Additionally, Grb2-deficient T cells showed a greater potential to differentiate into Th17 cells in vitro. To test whether these changes in Th cell differentiation potential rendered Grb2fl/fl CD4cretg mice more prone to inflammatory diseases, we used the murine Th1 cell– and Th17 cell–driven model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In contrast to our expectations, Grb2fl/fl CD4cretg mice developed a milder form of EAE. The impaired EAE disease can be explained by the reduced proliferation rate of Grb2-deficient CD4+ T cells upon stimulation with IL-2 or upon activation by allogeneic dendritic cells, because the activation of T cells by dendritic cells and the subsequent T cell proliferation are known to be crucial factors for the induction of EAE. In summary, Grb2-deficient T cells show defects in T cell development, increased Th1 and Th17 cell differentiation capacities, and impaired proliferation after activation by dendritic cells, which likely reduce the clinical symptoms of EAE.
Identification of Proteus penneri sp. nov., formerly known as Proteus vulgaris indole negative or as Proteus vulgaris biogroup 1

The name Proteus penneri sp. nov. is proposed for a group of organisms previously called Proteus vulgaris indole negative or P. vulgaris biogroup 1. All of these strains were salicin negative, esculin negative, and chloramphenicol resistant (zone size, less than 14 mm). DNA relatedness studies indicated that when DNA from P. penneri strain 1808-73 was labeled and tested against unlabeled DNA from 13 other P penneri strains, a highly related group was formed (88 to 99% relatedness at 60 degrees C and 67 to 99% relatedness at 75 degrees C). Strain 1808-73 (ATCC 33519) is proposed as the type strain of P. penneri. In this study, two distinct groups of indole-positive P. vulgaris strains were also apparent. The first group (defined as P. vulgaris biogroup 2) was indole positive, salicin positive, and esculin positive, and the second group (defined as P. vulgaris biogroup 3) was indole positive, salicin negative, and esculin negative. The current type strain of P. vulgaris (ATCC 13315) belongs to biogroup 3. The DNA from P. penneri strains was not highly related to labeled DNA from the type strain of P. vulgaris (14 to 30% relatedness at 75 degrees C) or from P. vulgaris strain PR 1 (ATCC 29905), which belongs to biogroup 2 (27 to 33% relatedness at 75 degrees C). Strains of biogroup 2 were sensitive to chloramphenicol (zone size, greater than 19mm), and 10 of these strains formed a highly related group by DNA hybridization when DNA from PR 1 was labeled (64 to 100% relatedness at 60 degrees C and 70 to 100% relatedness at 75 degrees C), but they were not highly relatedness to the type strain of P. vulgaris (51 to 68% relatedness at 60 degrees C and 14 to 44% relatedness at 75 degrees C). Further DNA relatedness studies are needed on strains of biogroup 3 before a definitive taxonomic proposal can be made for these two indole-positive biogroups.
Fluid simulation: SIGGRAPH 2006 course notes (Fedkiw and Muller-Fischer presenation videos are available from the citation page)

These course notes are designed to give you a practical introduction to fluid simulation for graphics. The field of fluid dynamics, even just in animation, is vast and so not every topic will be covered. The focus of these notes is animating fully three-dimensional incompressible flow, from understanding the math and the algorithms to actual implementation. However, we will include a small amount of material on heightfield simplifications which are important for real-time animation.In general the approach is to make things as simple as possible, but no simpler. Constructing a fluid solver for computer animation is not the easiest thing in the world--there end up being a lot of little details that need attention-- but is perhaps easier than it may appear from surveying the literature. We will also provide pointers to some more advanced topics here and there.
Chinese women's perceptions of the effectiveness of antenatal education in the preparation for motherhood.

AIM OF THE STUDY This was an exploratory descriptive study using mixed methodology to investigate Hong Kong Chinese women's perceptions of the effectiveness of antenatal education in their preparation for motherhood. DESIGN In the first phase, the structure and process of five antenatal classes on the topic of motherhood were observed using an observation guide. In the second phase 11 women who had attended the antenatal classes were interviewed in two focus groups, using a semi-structured interview guide. FINDINGS In respect to the structure of the classes women revealed that large class sizes and the didactic mode of teaching inhibited learning. While they were satisfied with the date and time of antenatal classes, and the information about self and baby care being provided, they felt unprepared for the demands of motherhood. Further themes identified from the analysis were: anticipating personal needs for antenatal preparation for motherhood, unrealistic preparation for breastfeeding problems, inadequate preparation for baby care, unfulfilled informational needs and conflicting advice from antenatal educators. CONCLUSION The conclusion highlights Chinese culturally specific changes needed in the content and mode of antenatal education. In addition, recommendations are made for antenatal educators to work within a framework of adult Chinese learning styles in order to meet the educational needs of Chinese women.
Robust Facial Expression Recognition with Low-Rank Sparse Error Dictionary Based Probabilistic Collaborative Representation Classification

The performance of facial expression recognition (FER) would be degraded due to some factors such as individual differences, Gaussian random noise and so on. Prior feature extraction methods like Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Gabor filters require explicit expression components, which are always unavailable and difficult to obtain. To make the facial expression recognition (FER) more robust, we propose a novel FER approach based on low-rank sparse error dictionary (LRSE) to remit the side-effect caused by the problems above. Then the query samples can be represented and classified by a probabilistic collaborative representation based classifier (ProCRC), which exploits the maximum likelihood that the query sample belonging to the collaborative subspace of all classes can be better computed. The final classification is performed by seeking which class has the maximum probability. The proposed approach which exploits ProCRC associated with the LRSE features (LRSE ProCRC) for robust FER reaches higher aver.
NiO resistance change memory with a novel structure for 3D integration and improved confinement of conduction path

We demonstrated a novel 3D integration compatible structure for NiO nonvolatile memory. In this new structure, the programming area does not involve the surface of the NiO film, thus, device characteristics would be more consistent. Its scalability has been proven down to a 48nm X 48nm cell size. The focused E-field in this structure improves the confinement of the conduction path and results in better uniformity in the LRS of the NiO memory cells. Furthermore, this new structure showed a lower RESET current (~90 muA) and better ON/OFF margin than the conventional structure.
Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST258 with KPC-2 in Poland

Plasmidic KPC β-lactamases in gram-negative pathogens are of the highest clinical and epidemiologic concern, conferring resistance to all β-lactams, including carbapenems (15, 18). The main KPC producer is Klebsiella pneumoniae, but other species are being identified as well (15). Strains with KPCs spread rapidly and cause outbreaks; in hospitals on the east coast of the United States and in Israel, they have already become endemic (2, 3, 10, 14, 17). Recently, more countries have reported the presence of these organisms, in some cases as a result of importation (15).