Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empathy and Personal Experiences of Trainees in an Emotional Literacy and Persona Doll Programme in South Africa

South Africa's young children face many devastating problems that can hamper their emotional and social development. As a result, the Emotional Literacy and Persona Doll programme is an attempt to intervene in the emotional development of young children. The Persona Dolls are used as an educational and therapeutic tool to encourage and develop emotional expression, management and emotional literacy in young children. Previous studies have shown positive effects of the programme with children. However, the development of the trainees and practitioners who use these dolls has yet to be researched. Therefore, this research study is an assessment of the development of empathy, and the personal experiences of trainees who underwent the emotional literacy and Persona Doll training programme in South Africa. This was done through the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and a thematic content analysis of the participants' feelings, experiences, and thoughts in a journal, process notes, and an evaluation form. There was a total of 14 participants, including newly trained psychologists, social workers and teachers. Although the quantitative results did not show any significance in terms of an improvement in empathy, the qualitative results demonstrated that the participants found that they were more able to think and talk about their own emotions, and the emotions of others. Furthermore, the group of participants learned important skills of reflection and containment, which they believe they can now use and which they are using in their work with others, and their families.
Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications.

Theorizing: C.R. Snyder, Hypothesis: There is Hope. Developing and Deteriorating: C.R. Snyder, Genesis: The Birth and Growth of Hope. A. Rodriguez-Hanley and C.R. Snyder, The Demise of Hope: On Losing Positive Thinking. Measuring: S.J. Lopez, R. Ciarlelli, L. Coffman, M. Stone, and L. Wyatt, Diagnosing For Strengths: On Measuring Hope Building Blocks. Theory-Based Applications: C.R. Snyder and J.D. Taylor, Hope as a Common Factor Across Psychotherapy Approaches: A Lesson From the "Dodo's Verdict". J.D. Taylor, D.B. Feldman, R.S. Saunders, and S.S. Ilardi, Hope Theory and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies. S.J. Lopez, R.K. Floyd, J.C. Ulven, and C.R. Snyder, Hope Therapy: Helping Clients Build a House of Hope. S.T. Michael, J.D. Taylor, and J. Cheavens, Hope Theory As Applied to Brief Therapies: Problem-Solving and Solution Focused Interventions. S.C. Sympson and M. Q. Elder, Feminist Therapy as Empowering Hope. Applications to Specific People: D. McDermott and S. Hastings, Children: Raising Future Hopes. J. Cheavens and A. Gum, Gray Power: Hope Across the Ages. S.J. Lopez, K.P. Gariglietti, D. McDermott, E. D. Sherwin, R.K. Floyd, K. Rand and C.R. Snyder, Hope for the Evolution of Diversity: On Leveling the Field of Dreams. L.A. Curry and C.R. Snyder, Hope Takes the Field: Mind Matters in Athletic Performances. L.M. Irving and R. Cannon, Starving for Hope: Goals, Agency, and Pathways in the Development and Treatment of Eating Disorders. S.S. Sympson, Rediscovering Hope: Understanding and Working with Survivors of Trauma. S.T. Michael, Hope Conquers Fear: Overcoming Anxiety and Panic Attacks J. Cheavens, Light Through the Shadows: Depression and Hope. C. Moon and C.R. Snyder, Hope and the Journey of AIDS. J.D. Taylor, Confronting Breast Cancer: Hopes for Health. T.R. Elliott and M. Kurylo, Hope Over Acquired Disability: Lessons of a Young Woman's Triumph. Societal Implications: C.R. Snyder and D.B. Feldman, Hope for the Many: An Empowering Social Agenda. Author Index. Subject Index.
A computationally efficient coefficient update technique for Lagrange fractional delay filters

A new algorithm for coefficient update of the Lagrange fractional delay FIR filter is proposed, which reduces the computational complexity dramatically. It is based on rearranging the polynomial terms of the Lagrange interpolation formula and computing the common product terms only once. Reordering the Lagrange interpolation formula yields two other methods for updating the coefficients, the direct and the division- based methods. The division-based method uses only one division per coefficient. The two latter methods reduce the computational load, although they are not as efficient as the new algorithm. Finally, the superiority of the direct form FIR implementation of the Lagrange fractional delay filter and the new coefficient update method over other existing methods is demonstrated in an audio signal processing application.
The CH2CN- molecule: Carrier of the lambda8037 diffuse interstellar band?

The hypothesis that the cyanomethyl anion CH2CN- is responsible for the relatively narrow diffuse interstellar band (DIB) at 8037.8 +- 0.15 Angstroms is examined with reference to new observational data. The 0_0^0 absorption band arising from the ^1B_1 - X ^1A' transition from the electronic ground state to the first dipole-bound state of the anion is calculated for a rotational temperature of 2.7 K using literature spectroscopic parameters and results in a rotational contour with a peak wavelength of 8037.78 Angstroms. By comparison with diffuse band and atomic line absorption spectra of eight heavily-reddened Galactic sightlines, CH2CN- is found to be a plausible carrier of the lambda8037 diffuse interstellar band provided the rotational contour is Doppler-broadened with a b parameter between 16 and 33 km/s that depends on the specific sightline. Convolution of the calculated CH2CN- transitions with the optical depth profile of interstellar Ti II results in a good match with the profile of the narrow lambda8037 DIB observed towards HD 183143, HD 168112 and Cyg OB2 8a. The rotational level populations may be influenced by nuclear spin statistics, resulting in the appearance of additional transitions from K_a = 1 of ortho CH2CN- near 8025 and 8050 Angstroms that are not seen in currently available interstellar spectra. For CH2CN- to be the carrier of the lambda8037 diffuse interstellar band, either a) there must be mechanisms that convert CH2CN- from the ortho to the para form, or b) the chemistry that forms CH2CN- must result in a population of K_a'' levels approaching a Boltzmann distribution near 3 K.
Morphological analyses of minute crystals by using stereo‐photogrammetric scanning electron microscopy and electron back‐scattered diffraction

We present a new method for the morphological analyses of minute faceted crystals by combining stereo‐photogrammetric analysis of scanning electron microscope images and electron back‐scattered diffraction. Two scanning electron microscope images of the same crystal, recorded at different tilt angles of the specimen stage, are used to determine the orientations of crystal edges in a specimen‐fixed coordinate system. The edge orientations are converted to the indices [uvw] in the crystal system using the crystal orientation determined by electron back‐scattered diffraction analysis. The Miller indices of crystal facets are derived from the indices of the edges surrounding the facets. The method is applicable to very small crystal facets. The angular error, as derived from tests using a calcite crystal of known morphology, is a few degrees.
Redundancy in the Evolution of Artificial Gene Regulatory Networks for Morphological Development

This paper investigates the influence of redundancy on the evolutionary performance of a gene regulatory network governing a cellular growth process. Redundancy is believed to play a key role in robustness and evolvability of biological systems. We use a cellular model controlled by a gene regulatory network to evolve elongated morphologies. We show that removing the redundancy in the genome durng the evolution decreases the performance of the evolution strategy. A comparing run with the fewe parameters and therefore no redundancy performs worst, which supports the hypothesis that redundancy improves evolvability.
Two cultures? Working with moral dilemmas in environmental science

Grappling with ethical issues in environmental studies is notoriously challenging, particularly for those working in the scientific/technical domain. The divide between humanities and science was famously expressed in terms of two cultures by C.P.Snow in his 1959 critique of the prevailing dismissive attitude towards science within Government. An ensuing rebuke to Snow in the 1960s suggested that it was scientists that worked in a moral vacuum. Calls for more responsible science have since become even more urgent with increasing environmental risks. The paper describes a simple adaptable heuristic for professionals coming from a more scientific background to work with ethical issues of environmental responsibility. The heuristic, arising from over fifteen years of experience in teaching environmental ethics to mature part-time study fellows at The Open University mostly from a technical professional background, provides a practical means of bridging the divide between science and humanities. Three recurring and interrelated questions of responsibility are addressed – (i) what matters, in terms of issues, (ii) who matters (and how), in terms of agency, and (iii) why some matters and issues of agency are prioritised over others, in terms of justification. The heuristic can be adapted for dealing with moral issues of responsibility where caring for the environment whilst demonstrating accountability are regarded as important for developing professional and/or personal capacity. Some of the challenges that remain in using such a device for bridging the cultural divide are discussed.
Network analysis of OSS evolution: an empirical study on ArgoUML project

While complexity is an essential problem inherent in software system and its development, OSS (Open-Source Software) is not an exception and is not immune to this problem as well. The fast growth of OSS movement has impressed us with reduced cost but high quality software. To learn some lessons from successful OSS in handling the complexity, social network analysis is prevalent in analyzing both human-aspect and source-code-aspect interaction of OSS. This paper conducted an empirical study of an OSS project-ArgoUML. Unlike most previous studies regarding OSS email archives as a whole social network, our focus is on the quantitative analysis of a series of social networks produced in the process of OSS version evolution and module development. Through the empirical study, we have found that all the social network measures employed in this study are comparable to identify core developers of ArgoUML project. The frequency of co-occurrence of developers within the same topic is not a decisive factor to identify core developers. Developers within the same module communicate closely and frequently with each other. The more modules a developer developed, the more communication he (or she) will have with other developers. Although participants of developers' mailing lists are fluctuating in a large magnitude, the committers of the source code are kept stable in each version evolution. Moreover, the variation of committers of source code in version evolutions is almost unpredictable based on the variation of participants in developers' mailing lists.
e-Health and fitness in Ecuador: A social media based analysis

The growing interest of our society for health issues and physical activities is reflected on social media services where people share information about their daily activities and accomplishments. Fitness activities has become a routine present in many people's daily activities. Previous studies have analyzed people commitment to enhance their lifestyle and reach health objectives using data published in social platforms such as Twitter. However, there is a lack of designed metrics to quantify how users are engaged in physical activities in different areas of a given city. In this study, we collect and analyze 55K tweets posted by people in Ecuador, through different mobile applications, reflecting their participation on fitness and sport activities. Aggregating individual posts at city level, we uncover geographical patterns and dynamics of citizen activities in cities and states. Thus, we illustrate the potential of geolocated posts of people on social media services as sociometers of cities' health and fitness activities.
Molecular Structure–Affinity Relationship of Flavonoids in Lotus Leaf (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) on Binding to Human Serum Albumin and Bovine Serum Albumin by Spectroscopic Method

Lotus leaf has gained growing popularity as an ingredient in herbal formulations due to its various activities. As main functional components of lotus leaf, the difference in structure of flavonoids affected their binding properties and activities. In this paper, the existence of 11 flavonoids in lotus leaf extract was confirmed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis and 11 flavonoids showed various contents in lotus leaf. The interactions between lotus leaf extract and two kinds of serum albumins (human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA)) were investigated by spectroscopic methods. Based on the fluorescence quenching, the interactions between these flavonoids and serum albumins were further checked in detail. The relationship between the molecular properties of flavonoids and their affinities for serum albumins were analyzed and compared. The hydroxylation on 3 and 3’ position increased the affinities for serum albumins. Moreover, both of the methylation on 3’ position of quercetin and the C2=C3 double bond of apigenin and quercetin decreased the affinities for HSA and BSA. The glycosylation lowered the affinities for HSA and BSA depending on the type of sugar moiety. It revealed that the hydrogen bond force played an important role in binding flavonoids to HSA and BSA.
Continuous Infusion Low-Dose CDDP/5-FU Plus Radiation in Inoperable or Recurrent Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Preliminary Experience

The combination therapy of continuous infusion low-dose cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with radiation for non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was performed to assess its effectiveness and any adverse reactions. During the period from April 1994 to December 1998, 18 patients with inoperable or recurrent NSCLC at Aichi Cancer Center Hospital had been treated by chemoradiation with continuous infusion of low-dose cisplatin/5-FU. The median total radiation dose was 66 Gy (range: 60–74.4 Gy). The daily doses of cisplatin and 5-FU ranged from 3 to 6 mg/m2, and from 170 to 250 mg/m2, respectively. In 18 total patients, a complete response was achieved in 4 patients (22%), and a partial response was observed in 12 patients (67%). Grade III toxicity was limited to leukopenia (14.3%). The 1-year and 2-year survival rate in 14 previously untreated patients were 77.4% and 53.1%, respectively. This combination therapy is a well-tolerated regimen. In the future, a study protocol should be designed with a dose-escalation component to further define the optimal doses and schedule for this regimen.
Framework for parsing, visualizing and scoring tissue microarray images

Increasingly automated techniques for arraying, immunostaining, and imaging tissue sections led us to design software for convenient management, display, and scoring. Demand for molecular marker data derived in situ from tissue has driven histology informatics automation to the point where one can envision the computer, rather than the microscope, as the primary viewing platform for histopathological scoring and diagnoses. Tissue microarrays (TMAs), with hundreds or even thousands of patients' tissue sections on each slide, were the first step in this wave of automation. Via TMAs, increasingly rapid identification of the molecular patterns of cancer that define distinct clinical outcome groups among patients has become possible. TMAs have moved the bottleneck of acquiring molecular pattern information away from sampling and processing the tissues to the tasks of scoring and results analyses. The need to read large numbers of new slides, primarily for research purposes, is driving continuing advances in commercially available automated microscopy instruments that already do or soon will automatically image hundreds of slides per day. We reviewed strategies for acquiring, collating, and storing histological images with the goal of streamlining subsequent data analyses. As a result of this work, we report an implementation of software for automated preprocessing, organization, storage, and display of high resolution composite TMA images
Stabilization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cytochromec 551 by Systematic Amino Acid Substitutions Based on the Structure of Thermophilic Hydrogenobacter thermophilus Cytochrome c 552 *

A heterologous overexpression system for mesophilic Pseudomonas aeruginosa holocytochromec 551 (PA c 551) was established using Escherichia coli as a host organism. Amino acid residues were systematically substituted in three regions of PA c 551 with the corresponding residues from thermophilic Hydrogenobacter thermophilus cytochromec 552 (HT c 552), which has similar main chain folding to PA c 551, but is more stable to heat. Thermodynamic properties of PAc 551 with one of three single mutations (Phe-7 to Ala, Phe-34 to Tyr, or Val-78 to Ile) showed that these mutants had increased thermostability compared with that of the wild-type. Ala-7 and Ile-78 may contribute to the thermostability by tighter hydrophobic packing, which is indicated by the three dimensional structure comparison of PA c 551 with HTc 552. In the Phe-34 to Tyr mutant, the hydroxyl group of the Tyr residue and the guanidyl base of Arg-47 formed a hydrogen bond, which did not exist between the corresponding residues in HT c 552. We also found that stability of mutant proteins to denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride correlated with that against the thermal denaturation. These results and others described here suggest that significant stabilization of PAc 551 can be achieved through a few amino acid substitutions determined by molecular modeling with reference to the structure of HT c 552. The higher stability of HT c 552 may in part be attributed to some of these substitutions.
Advances in the Science, Treatment, and Prevention of the Disease of Obesity: Reflections From a Diabetes Care Editors’ Expert Forum

As obesity rates increase, so too do the risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and numerous other detrimental conditions. The prevalence of obesity in U.S. adults more than doubled between 1980 and 2010, from 15.0 to 36.1%. Although this trend may be leveling off, obesity and its individual, societal, and economic costs remain of grave concern. In June 2014, a Diabetes Care Editors’ Expert Forum convened to review the state of obesity research and discuss the latest prevention initiatives and behavioral, medical, and surgical therapies. This article, an outgrowth of the forum, offers an expansive view of the obesity epidemic, beginning with a discussion of its root causes. Recent insights into the genetic and physiological factors that influence body weight are reviewed, as are the pathophysiology of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and the concept of metabolically healthy obesity. The authors address the crucial question of how much weight loss is necessary to yield meaningful benefits. They describe the challenges of behavioral modification and predictors of its success. The effects of diabetes pharmacotherapies on body weight are reviewed, including potential weight-neutral combination therapies. The authors also summarize the evidence for safety and efficacy of pharmacotherapeutic and surgical obesity treatments. The article concludes with an impassioned call for researchers, clinicians, governmental agencies, health policymakers, and health-related industries to collectively embrace the urgent mandate to improve prevention and treatment and for society at large to acknowledge and manage obesity as a serious disease.
Una mirada desde el Rorschach hacia la niñez con talento intelectual en riesgo

Se describen las caracteristicas de personalidad de ninos talentosos en riesgo segun el Psicodiagnostico de Rorschacb. Los participantes fueron 55 ninos (27 talentosos y 28 no talentosos) de 9-12 anos de edad, seleccionados para un estudio previo. Los resultados revelan que los talentosos exhiben las siguientes caracteristicas: (a) se aproximan a las situaciones a partir de la auto-reflexion, (b) poseen recursos afectivos sofisticados, (c) exhiben niveles significativos de iniciativa y creatividad, (d) tienden al perfeccionismo, (e) tratan de asumir el control de las situaciones, (f) son poco convencionales, (h) exhiben elevados niveles de sensibilidad, (i) tienden a la oposicion y (j) poseen recursos de introspeccion. Asimismo, se observan caracteristicas esperadas en contextos de pobreza, tales como cautela y bajo nivel de confianza, elevados niveles de estres y tendencia hacia la depresion. Se proponen recomendaciones para su atencion asi como el desarrollo de lineas de investigacion interdisciplinarias.
Linear Relaxations for Finding Diverse Elements in Metric Spaces

Choosing a diverse subset of a large collection of points in a metric space is a fundamental problem, with applications in feature selection, recommender systems, web search, data summarization, etc. Various notions of diversity have been proposed, tailored to different applications. The general algorithmic goal is to find a subset of points that maximize diversity, while obeying a cardinality (or more generally, matroid) constraint. The goal of this paper is to develop a novel linear programming (LP) framework that allows us to design approximation algorithms for such problems. We study an objective known as {\em sum-min} diversity, which is known to be effective in many applications, and give the first constant factor approximation algorithm. Our LP framework allows us to easily incorporate additional constraints, as well as secondary objectives. We also prove a hardness result for two natural diversity objectives, under the so-called {\em planted clique} assumption. Finally, we study the empirical performance of our algorithm on several standard datasets. We first study the approximation quality of the algorithm by comparing with the LP objective. Then, we compare the quality of the solutions produced by our method with other popular diversity maximization algorithms.
Technical assessment of load commutation switch in hybrid HVDC breaker

The development of a large scale high voltage direct current (HVDC) power grid requires a reliable, fast and low-loss circuit breaker. The load commutation switch (LCS) is an essential part of ABB's 1200 MW hybrid HVDC breaker concept which builds up a low-loss conducting path for the load current. The technical requirements for the LCS are expressed in this paper by studying the operation principle of the hybrid HVDC breaker. The voltage stress over the LCS is calculated and simulated based on a dc grid with 320kV and 2kA rated voltage and current. A system model of the hybrid HVDC breaker is developed in PSCAD/EMTDC software to study the design criteria for snubber circuit and arrester blocks. It is observed that conventional snubber circuits are not suitable for a bidirectional hybrid HVDC breaker as the current of snubber capacitors prevent the fast interruption action. A modified snubber circuit is proposed in this paper along with two more alternatives for the load commutation switch to overcome this problem. Moreover, the power loss model for a semiconductor device is discussed in this paper based on the 4.5 kV StakPak IGBT. The model is used to calculate the conduction power losses for different LCS topologies. Ultimately, a matrix of 3x3 IGBT modules is selected to provide a reliable LCS design which can handle several internal fault cases with no interruption of operation. A full-scale prototype has been constructed and tested in ABB HVDC Center, Ludvika, Sweden. The experimental test results are also included in the paper in order to verify the calculation and simulation study.