Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of optimal ratios of digestible phenylalanine + tyrosine, histidine, and leucine to digestible lysine for performance and breast yield in broilers

&NA; Three experiments were carried out to estimate the optimal ratios of digestible phenylalanine + tyrosine (Phe + Tyr), histidine (His), and leucine (Leu) relative to digestible lysine (Lys) for performance and carcass criteria of Cobb‐500 broilers from 8 to 17 d of age. In each experiment, 160 male chicks were allocated to a completely randomized experimental design with eight replicate pens, each receiving five dietary treatments. A common, semi‐purified basal diet was formulated to meet all dietary recommendations except for those of the tested amino acids (i.e., Phe + Tyr, His, and Leu). Growth performance and carcass characteristics data were analyzed using various requirement‐estimation models, including 95% of the quadratic regression, linear response plateau (LRP; i.e., stepwise regression), LRP‐to‐quadratic regression ratio; and quadratic broken line (QBL). Graded digestible Phe + Tyr ratios elicited a quadratic response (P < 0.05) in body weight gain and linear responses (P < 0.05) in breast and breast fillet weights. Linear effects (P < 0.05) were also observed when graded ratios of digestible His were fed for feed intake and weight gain, and quadratic responses (P < 0.05) were noted for feed conversion ratio and breast and breast fillet weights and yields. Graded Leu ratios elicited quadratic responses (P < 0.05) in feed intake, weight gain, and breast and breast fillet weight and yield. Based on growth and carcass parameters, the estimated ideal digestible ratios of Phe + Tyr, His, and Leu relative to digestible Lys were 112, 38, and 104%, respectively, for broiler chicks raised from 8 to 17 d of age.
Quantitative traits and mode of speciation in Martinique anoles

We investigate extensive quantitative trait variation (dewlap hue, colour pattern, dorsum hue, body proportions and scalation) in the Martinique anole across eight transects representing nascent parapatric ecological speciation, nascent allopatric speciation and allopatric divergence without sufficient genetic structure to suggest speciation. Quantitative trait divergence can be extremely large between adjacent sets of populations, but with one exception that this is associated with difference in habitat rather than past allopatry. Nascent ecological speciation shows the greatest level of quantitative trait divergence across all character sets including those implicated in natural, as well as sexual selection. The sole example of nascent allopatric speciation is associated with fairly strong quantitative trait divergence among most character sets, but not the set most implicated in natural (rather than sexual) selection. The role of sexual selection in ecological speciation is discussed, both in terms of female choice with assortative mating and male–male competition with condition‐dependant sexual signals.
An Incremental Algorithm for Computing n-concepts

In this paper a new incremental algorithm for computing nconcepts is proposed. The time complexity of the algorithm is O(|I| · In · |Bn|), where |I| is the size of a context (an n-ary relation), In = |K1||Bn−1| is the input, where K1 is a set corresponding to an added dimension and Bn−1 is the set of (n− 1)-concepts. The output Bn of the algorithm is a set of n-concepts. The algorithm creates n-concepts (i.e. elements in Bn) by merging sequentially (n−1)-concepts from Bn−1 with the corresponding elements from the n-th dimension (i.e. set K1).
Exploiting topography of neural maps: a case study on investment strategies for emerging markets

Investments can be spread over many possible assets to avoid risk (at the cost of obtaining only an average performance) or it can be focused on clusters of only a few promising assets (at the cost of increased risk). A trade-off between these two objectives can be reached by using the self-organizing map (SOM), a neural network paradigm which achieves a clustering of data points while simultaneously preserving their inherent neighborhood relations (topography). This amounts to a combination of clustering with local smoothing. In a case study involving investments in emerging stock markets the author illustrates the application of SOMs in investment decisions, with an improvement of about 30% in returns over other, more simple investment strategies.
Portal Hypertension in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Diagnostic Accuracy of Spleen Stiffness.

PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of spleen stiffness (SS) and liver stiffness (LS) measured by using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging in the diagnosis of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis, with the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) as a reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this prospective single-center study. From February 2012 to August 2013, 60 patients with liver cirrhosis (mean age, 70.8 years; age range, 34-88 years; 34 men, 26 women) with HVPG, LS, and SS measurements and gastrointestinal endoscopy and laboratory data were included if they met the following criteria: no recent episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding, no history of splenectomy, no history of partial splenic embolization, no history of β-blocker therapy, and absence of portal thrombosis. The efficacy of the parameters for the evaluation of portal hypertension was analyzed by using the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The correlation coefficient between SS and HVPG (r = 0.876) was significantly better than that between LS and HVPG (r = 0.609, P < .0001). The areas under the ROC curve of SS for the identification of clinically important portal hypertension (HVPG ≥ 10 mm Hg), severe portal hypertension (HVPG ≥ 12 mm Hg), esophageal varices (EVs), and high-risk EVs were significantly higher (0.943, 0.963, 0.937, and 0.955, respectively) than those of LS, spleen diameter, platelet count, and platelet count to spleen diameter ratio (P < .05 for all). SS could be used to accurately rule out the presence of clinically important portal hypertension, severe portal hypertension, EVs, and high-risk EVs (negative likelihood ratios, 0.051, 0.056, 0.054, and 0.074, respectively). CONCLUSION SS is reliable and has better diagnostic performance than LS for identifying portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis.
Compressed channel feedback for correlated massive MIMO systems

In this paper, we propose compressive sensing-based channel quantization feedback that is appropriate for practical massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. We assume that the base station (BS) has a compact (2-dimensional) uniform square array that has a highly correlated channel. To serve multiple users, the BS uses a zero-forcing precoder. Our proposed channel feedback algorithm can reduce feedback overhead as well as a codebook search complexity. Numerical simulations confirm our analytical results.
Mechanism of transfer of the methyl group from (6S)-methyltetrahydrofolate to the corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein catalyzed by the methyltransferase from Clostridium thermoaceticum: a key step in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway of acetyl-CoA synthesis.

The methyltetrahydrofolate:corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein methyltransferase (MeTr) from Clostridium thermoaceticum catalyzes transfer of the N5-methyl group from (6S)-methyltetrahydrofolate (CH3-H4folate) to the cobalt center of a corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein (CFeSP), forming methylcob(III)amide and H4folate. This reaction initiates the unusual biological organometallic reaction sequence that constitutes the Wood-Ljungdahl or reductive acetyl-CoA pathway. The present paper describes the use of steady-state, product inhibition, single-turnover, and kinetic simulation experiments to elucidate the mechanism of the MeTr-catalyzed reaction. These experiments complement those presented in the companion paper in which binding and protonation of CH3-H4folate are studied by spectroscopic methods [Seravalli, J., Shoemaker, R. K. , Sudbeck, M. J., and Ragsdale, S. W. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 5736-5745]. Our results indicate that a pH-dependent conformational change is required for methyl transfer in the forward and reverse directions; however, this step is not rate-limiting. CH3-H4folate and the CFeSP [in the cob(I)amide state] bind randomly and independently to form a ternary complex. Kinetic simulation studies indicate that CH3-H4folate binds to MeTr in the unprotonated form and then undergoes rapid protonation. This protonation enhances the electrophilicity of the methyl group, in agreement with a 10-fold increase in the pKa at N5 of CH3-H4folate. Next, the Co(I)-CFeSP attacks the methyl group in a rate-limiting SN2 reaction to form methylcob(III)amide. Finally, the products randomly dissociate. The following steady-state constants were obtained: kcat = 14.7 +/- 1.7 s-1, Km of the CFeSP = 12 +/- 4 microM, and Km of (6S)-CH3-H4folate = 2.0 +/- 0.3 microM. We assigned the rate constants for the elementary reaction steps by performing steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetic studies at different pH values and by kinetic simulations.
PARP-3 Is a Mono-ADP-ribosylase That Activates PARP-1 in the Absence of DNA*

The PARP-3 protein is closely related to the PARP-1 and PARP-2 proteins, which are involved in DNA repair and genome maintenance. Here, we characterized the biochemical properties of human PARP-3. PARP-3 is able to ADP-ribosylate itself as well as histone H1, a previously unknown substrate for PARP-3. PARP-3 is not activated upon binding to DNA and is a mono-ADP-ribosylase, in contrast to PARP-1 and PARP-2. PARP-3 interacts with PARP-1 and activates PARP-1 in the absence of DNA, resulting in synthesis of polymers of ADP-ribose. The N-terminal WGR domain of PARP-3 is involved in this activation. The functional interaction between PARP-3 and PARP-1 suggests that it may have a role in DNA repair. However, here we report that PARP-3 small interfering RNA-depleted cells are not sensitive to the topoisomerase I poison camptothecin, inducing DNA single-strand breaks, and repair these lesions as efficiently as wild-type cells. Altogether, these results suggest that the interaction between PARP-1 and PARP-3 is unrelated to DNA single-strand break repair.
Wideband balanced BPF design for MB-OFDM applications

In this article, a new wideband balanced bandpass filter is designed using coupled coplanar waveguide (CPW) stepped-impedance resonators (SIRs) that are fed by microstrip lines at the input and the output ports. For differential-mode (DM) operation, the BPF circuit exhibits wideband bandpass characteristic that meets the requirement of the OFDM group-B bandwidth specification (4.752–6.072 GHz). The minimum passband insertion loss is only 0.43 dB. For common-mode (CM) operation, the insertion loss of larger than 20 dB over 1–10 GHz frequency range is achieved. The occupied area of the fabricated BPF circuit is 9.9 × 10.5 mm2. Good agreement was observed between simulated and measured results.
Estudio fitosociológico y cartográfico de la comarca de Despeñaperros (Jaén)

Se realiza una introduccion sobre los factores ecologicos del territorio estudiado: geografia; geologia; edafologia; climatologia; bioclimatologia; biogeografia y antropozoogenesis, como preambulo a la descripcion del paisaje vegetal, que es tratado extensamente segun el metodo fitosociologico. Se anade un catalogo de los taxones y sintaxones presentes en despenaperros. Por ultimo se acompana una interpretacion cartografica escala 1:25.000 de la vegetacion actual en el parque natural de despenaperros, y se definen los parametros basicos para una ordenacion del territorio de acuerdo con su potencialidad ecologica. El resumen y las conclusiones, asi como una extensa bibliografia sobre el tema cierran la memoria.
Successful enucleation of a necrotizing fibroid causing oligohydramnios and fetal postural deformity in the 25th week of gestation. A case report.

BACKGROUND In approximately 2% of pregnancies, uterine fibroids are detected. In 10% of diagnosed cases some complications are to be expected during pregnancy and/or delivery. CASE A 32-year-old woman presented in the 25th week of gestation with a fibroid causing oligohydramnios and fetal postural deformity. A laparotomy and conservative myomectomy were performed with the hope of preserving the pregnancy. Ultrasound examinations performed postoperatively showed that the fetal postural deformity had ended and that the pace of fetal development had returned to normal. A healthy, male newborn weighing 3,600 g was born in the 40th week of gestation via cesarean section. CONCLUSION The medical literature generally agrees upon conservative therapy; however, there are indications for laparotomy performed during the course of pregnancy complicated by a fibroid. In this case the fetal postural deformity, retardation in development and oligohydramnios, recognized preoperatively, provided indications for laparotomy. The success of the operation was established by postoperative sonography, which showed cessation of the fetal postural deformity and registered a normal volume of amniotic fluid.
H-plane sectoral filtering horn antenna in PCB substrates using via fences at millimetre-wave

The design procedures and electrical performances of filtering antenna consisting of simply cascaded or embedded bandpass filter into H-plane sectoral horn antenna are investigated in this paper. The waveguide type filter and H-plane sectoral horn antenna have been replaced with considerably size-reduced PCB substrate-type filter and antenna using via fences. The simulation results have been obtained from the commercially available software, CST MWS based on FDTD algorithm.
Maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin pédiatriques sur l’île de la Réunion : épidémiologie descriptive et suivi à 1 an

Objectif : l’objectif de cette etude etait de preciser les caracteristiques epidemiologiques et cliniques des Maladies Inflammatoires Chroniques intestinales (MICI) pediatriques diagnostiquees sur l’ile de la Reunion. Methode : les enfants de moins de 18 ans residant sur l’ile de la Reunion ayant eu un diagnostic de MICI entre le 1er janvier 2011 et le 31 decembre 2015 ont ete inclus. Resultats : au total, 29 enfants ont ete inclus, parmi lesquels 76% avait une Maladie de Crohn (MC), 24% une Rectocolite Hemorragique (RCH). Il n’y avait pas de Colite Indeterminee (CI). L’incidence annuelle moyenne des MICI etait de 2.36/100.000 enfants, 1.79 pour la MC et 0.57 pour la RCH. L’incidence annuelle des MICI augmentait significativement durant la periode d’etude. La prevalence en fin d’etude etait de 15.84/100.000 enfants pour les MICI, 10.96 pour la MC et 4.87 pour la RCH. Au diagnostic, l’âge median de nos patients etait de 11.25 ans pour la MC, 9.7 ans pour la RCH ; la localisation etait majoritairement ileo-colique (73%), l’atteinte perineale frequente (50%) dans la MC ; la localisation etait majoritairement pan-colique dans la RCH (57%). A 1 an de suivi, 100% des patients MC et 86% des patients RCH avaient recus de l’azathioprine et/ou une biotherapie. Les patients RCH etaient plus souvent hospitalises que ceux MC (85 ,7% versus 36,4%, p=0.01). Conclusion : l’incidence et la prevalence des MICI pediatriques sur l’ile de la Reunion etaient plus faibles que dans les pays developpes a forte incidence. L’âge median au diagnostic semblait plus precoce, surtout pour la RCH, l’atteinte perineale plus frequente dans la MC. Les immunomodulateurs etaient largement prescrits.
External Motivation to Avoid Prejudice Scales Minority Perceptions of Whites ' Motives for Responding Without Prejudice : The Perceived Internal and

Whites’ nonprejudiced behavior toward racial/ethnic minorities can be attributionally ambiguous for perceivers, who may wonder whether the behavior was motivated by a genuine internal commitment to egalitarianism or was externally motivated by desires to avoid appearing prejudiced to others. This article reports the development of a scale that measures perceptions of Whites’ internal and external motives for avoiding prejudice (Perceived Internal Motivation Scale/Perceived External Motivation Scale [PIMS/PEMS]) and tests of its internal, test–retest, discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity among ethnic minority perceivers. Minorities perceived Whites as having internal and external motives for nonprejudiced behavior that were theoretically consistent with but distinct from established measures of minority-group members’ concerns in interracial interactions. Tests of the predictive validity of PIMS/PEMS showed that when a White evaluator praised the mediocre essay of a minority target, minorities who were high PEMS and low PIMS were most likely to regard the feedback as inauthentic and derogate the quality of the essay.
Estimation of the RBE of mammography-quality beams using a combination of a Monte Carlo code with a B-DNA geometrical model

The PENELOPE code is used to determine direct strand break yields corresponding to photons from a 60Co source and 28 and 30 kV x-ray beams impacting on a B-DNA geometrical model, which accounts for five organizational levels of the human genetic material. Direct single, double and total strand break probabilities are determined in a liquid water homogeneous medium with 1.06 g cm−3 density. The spectra produced by the x-ray beams at various depths in the phantom have been used to study the dependence of the damage yield on the depth. The relative biological effectiveness (RBE) is also estimated using the 60Co radiation qualities as the reference. According to this work, the damage probabilities and thus the RBE are, within the uncertainties, similar for both x-ray energies and are independent of the depth into the phantom. Furthermore, the total strand break yield is invariant with respect to the energy of the incident photons. The RBE for low-energy x-ray beams determined here (1.3 ± 0.1) is lower than that reported by Kellerer, taking into account that he used a 200 kV radiation as the reference quality. However, our RBE values are consistent with those determined by Kühne et al (2005 Radiat. Res. 164 669–76), which used the same biological endpoint and reference quality as our study. Also, our RBE values are similar to those determined by Verhaegen and Reniers (2004 Radiat. Res. 162 592–9).
Exploiting Rateless Coding in Structured Overlays to Achieve Persistent Storage. (L'Exploitation de Codes Fontaines pour un Stockage Persistant des Données dans les Réseaux d'Overlay Structurés)

L'importante augmentation de la quantite d'informations sur Internet a contribue a une forte demande pour un stockage persistant des donnees. Les architectures centralisees de stockage de donnees sont financierement onereuses, faiblement evolutives et vulnerables aux attaques car elles constituent un point unique de defaillance du systeme. Ces dernieres annees, les architectures pair-a-pair ont merge comme une alternative pour la mise en place d'une architecture de stockage persistant des donnees. Les systemes pair-a-pair sont fondamentalement evolutifs et moins chers que les modeles client-serveur. Cependant, pour construire des systemes de stockage persistant en utilisant le modele pair-a-pair, deux defis fondamentaux doivent etre abordes. I) Faire face a la dynamique des pairs, en raison de leur connectivite transitoire. Ii) Reduire l'impact du comportement malicieux des pairs. La replication est une technique regulierement utilisee pour faire face a la connectivite transitoire des systemes de stockage pair-a-pair. Toutefois, selon le ratio d'arrivees et de departs des pairs dans le systeme, cette technique presente un impact negatif en termes de stockage et de bande passante. Les reseaux pair-a-pair qui offrent la tolerance aux fautes byzantins, font generalement l'hypothese que seulement une fraction limitee des pairs dans le systeme sont des pairs de comportements malveillants. Toutefois, l'estimation de la proportion de pairs malveillants dans un systeme pair-a-pair est une operation peu fiable. Ainsi, creer une architecture qui fournit le stockage persistant de donnees fiables et qui permet de faire face a tous ces problemes est une contribution souhaitable. Dans cette these, nous proposons Datacube. Datacube est une architecture pair-a-pair de stockage de donnees scalable et efficace qui fournit un stockage persistant en utilisant un schema de redondance hybride sur un reseau overlay structure basee sur des clusters. Le schema de redondance hybride propose par Datacube assure la persistance et l'integrite des donnees garantissant une forte resilience aux arrivees et departs de pairs meme en presence de pairs malveillants. Datacube repose sur les proprietes des codes fontaines pour mettre en place son schema de redondance hybride. Les valuations analytiques ont montre que Datacube est notamment performant en termes de disponibilite, de surcharge de stockage et de bande passante. Nous avons aussi effectue des evaluations pratiques concernant les performances de deux types de codes fontaines dans le contexte de systemes de stockage pair-a-pair. Ces evaluations ont aide a comprendre l'impact des parametres de codage sur les performances de Datacube. A notre connaissance, ceci est la premiere etude complete qui permet aux developpeurs d'applications de trouver les valeurs des parametres de codage adaptes au contexte des reseaux pair-a-pair.
Roles of Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in Mediating Experimental Autoimmune Orchitis Induction in Mice1

ABSTRACT The mammalian testis is an immunoprivileged site where male germ cell antigens are immunologically tolerated under physiological conditions. However, some pathological conditions can disrupt the immunoprivileged status and induce autoimmune orchitis, an etiological factor of male infertility. Mechanisms underlying autoimmune orchitis induction are largely unknown. The present study investigated the roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 in mediating the induction of experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) in mice after immunization with male germ cell antigens emulsified with complete Freund adjuvant. Wild-type mice developed severe EAO after three immunizations, which was characterized by leukocyte infiltration, autoantibody production, and impaired spermatogenesis. Tlr2 or Tlr4 deficient mice showed relatively low susceptibility to EAO induction compared with wild-type mice. Notably, Tlr2 and Tlr4 double knockout mice were almost completely protected from EAO induction. Moreover, we demonstrated that TLR2 was crucial in mediating autoantibody production in response to immunization. The results imply that TLR2 and TLR4 cooperatively mediate EAO induction.
EGFR-directed therapies to treat non-small-cell lung cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. In 2008, in the US > 200,000 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer and > 160,000 died from their disease. Over 80% of lung cancers are of the non-small cell type, for which chemotherapy has demonstrated modest survival benefits at all stages of disease. Agents that alter critical molecular cell growth pathways are a growing area of research and development including targeted therapies directed at the EGFR. Downstream effects of EGFR dimerization and activation include cell proliferation, differentiation and angiogenesis, key events in the malignant process. Two main classes of drugs have been developed, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of the receptor. This review discusses clinical studies with several new therapies and the plans for drug development.