Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating event logs from non-process-aware systems enabling business process mining

As information systems age they become legacy information systems (LISs), embedding business knowledge not present in other artefacts. LISs must be modernised when their maintainability falls below acceptable limits but the embedded business knowledge is valuable information that must be preserved to align the modernised versions of LISs with organisations' real-world business processes. Business process mining permits the discovery and preservation of all meaningful embedded business knowledge by using event logs, which represent the business activities executed by an information system. Event logs can be easily obtained through the execution of process-aware information systems (PAISs). However, several non-process-aware information systems also implicitly support organisations' business processes. This article presents a technique for obtaining event logs from traditional information systems (without any in-built logging functionality) by statically analysing and modifying LISs. The technique allows the modified systems to dynamically record event logs. The approach is validated with a case study involving a healthcare information system used in Austrian hospitals, which shows the technique obtains event logs that effectively and efficiently enable the discovery of embedded business processes. This implies the techniques provided within the process mining field, which are based on event logs, may also be applied to traditional information systems.
Diagnostic accuracy of a serotype-specific antigen test in community-acquired pneumonia

Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of a serotype-specific urinary antigen detection multiplex assay for identification of 13 pneumococcal serotypes (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F and 23F) in urine of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Adult patients with clinical suspicion of community-acquired pneumonia were included. In addition to standard diagnostic procedures, a urine sample was collected to perform the urinary antigen detection test. Demographic, clinical, radiological and microbiological data were collected. Among 1095 community-acquired pneumonia patients Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified as causative pathogen in 257 (23%), when using conventional diagnostic methods and in 357 (33%) when urinary antigen detection was added. Of the 49 bacteraemic episodes caused by one of the 13 serotypes covered by the urinary antigen detection, 48 were detected by the urinary antigen detection, indicating a sensitivity of 98%. Of the 77 community-acquired pneumonia episodes with a “non-urinary antigen detection” causative pathogen, none had a positive urinary antigen detection result, indicating a specificity of 100%. Addition of the urinary antigen detection test to conventional diagnostic methods increased the prevalence of S. pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia by 39%. Using bacteraemic episodes as reference sensitivity and specificity of the urinary antigen detection was 98% and 100%, respectively. Addition of urinary antigen detection test to conventional diagnostic methods increases prevalence of S. pneumoniae CAP http://ow.ly/nSA1l
When There Are No Therapists: A Psychoeducational Group for People Who Have Experienced Social Disasters

ABSTRACT A social disaster is when categories of people are politically or socially targeted by virtue of their social identities and suffer ongoing targeting and oppression. Survivors of social disasters often experience similar traumatic symptoms as those of survivors of natural disasters but, unlike most other types of disasters, the threats that caused the trauma and the conditions that undermine survivor’s identity, safety, trust, and sense of control continue to exist. This article shares a model of a psychoeducational group developed and field tested by the authors and used with a group of people targeted because of their queer identities.
Understanding and modelling built environments for mobile guide interface design

The research presented in this paper aims to inform interface design for mobile guides by understanding and modelling the built environments in which the guide will be used. This is important because research into the use of mobile guides has shown that people have a strong ability to make sense of the physical space in which they are situated and make use of this when using mobile guides. Based on a field study and architectural analysis of the recently built Federation Square in Melbourne, Australia, we present a descriptive framework, MIRANDA, which provides a summarized abstraction of the fundamental architectural and informational features of a built environment. The use of this descriptive framework in HCI design for mobile guides is exemplified through the design of a mobile guide system for Federation Square that was informed by the identified architectural characteristics. On the basis of the field study and example design, we argue that mobile guides interface design can benefit from making use of 'knowledge-in-the-world' by streamlining and indexing information and functionality to physical information cues implicit in the built environment surrounding the user.
Teaching for transformation: converting the intercultural experience of preservice teachers into intercultural learning

Abstract Fostering intercultural learning among preservice teachers has become increasingly important. This article describes the results of a three-year study of semester-long projects in which cohorts of undergraduate education majors (N = 41) engaged with first-semester international students and were asked to reflect on becoming involved participants in a linguistically and culturally diverse learning community. The findings reveal the transformative effect of intercultural encounters on future teachers.
Truthful Combinatorial Assignment without Money

Mechanism design with agents who do not have quasi-linear preferences is an important line of research in social choice theory. Finding domains which admit truthful mechanisms is of central importance, particularly due to the well known impossibility result by Gibbard and Satterthwaite. In this paper we introduce a general framework for combinatorial assignments without money but with public valuations and explore the possibility of truthful mechanism design within this model. We show truthful mechanisms as well as impossibility results for restricted settings. For the general setting, we propose a randomized truthful mechanism. Finally, we analyze a strategic variant of the generalized assignment problem where every machine is owned by a selfish agent who aims to maximize the value of her own assignment. For variants of this problem we propose truthful mechanisms.
Evolutionary Bioinformatics with a Scientific Computing Environment

Modern scientific research depends on computer technology to organize and analyze large data sets. This is more true for evolutionary bioinformatics—a relatively new discipline that has been developing rapidly as a sub-discipline of bioinformatics. Evolutionary bioinformatics devotes to leveraging the power of nature’s experiment of evolution to extract key findings from sequence and experimental data. Recent advances in highthroughput genotyping and sequencing technologies have changed the landscape of data collection. Acquisition of genomic data at the population scale has become increasingly costefficient. Genomic data sets are accumulating at an exponential rate and new types of genetic data are emerging. These come with the inherent challenges of new methods of statistical analysis and modeling. Indeed new technologies are producing data at a rate that outpaces our ability to analyze its biological meanings. Researchers are addressing this challenge by adopting mathematical and statistical software, computer modeling, and other computational and engineering methods. As a result, bioinformatics has become the latest engineering discipline. As computers provide the ability to process the complex models, high-performance computer languages have become a necessity for implementing state-of-the-art algorithms and methods. This chapter introduces one of such emerging programming languages—Matlab. Examples are provided to demonstrate Matlab-based solutions for preliminary and advanced analyses that are commonly used in molecular evolution and population genetics. The examples relating to molecular evolution focus on the mathematical modeling of sequence evolution; the examples relating to population genetics focus on summary statistics and neutrality tests. Several examples use functions in toolboxes specifically developed for molecular evolution and population genetics—MBEToolbox (Cai, Smith et al. 2005; Cai, Smith et al. 2006) and PGEToolbox (Cai 2008). The source code of some examples is simplified for the publication purpose.
Characterization and Enrichment of Cardiomyocytes Derived From Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Abstract— Cell replacement therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of cardiac diseases, but is challenged by a limited supply of appropriate cells. We have investigated whether functional cardiomyocytes can be efficiently generated from human embryonic stem (hES) cells. Cardiomyocyte differentiation was evaluated using 3 parent (H1, H7, and H9) hES cell lines and 2 clonal (H9.1 and H9.2) hES cell lines. All cell lines examined differentiated into cardiomyocytes, even after long-term culture (50 passages or ≈260 population doublings). Upon differentiation, beating cells were observed after one week in differentiation conditions, increased in numbers with time, and could retain contractility for over 70 days. The beating cells expressed markers characteristic of cardiomyocytes, such as cardiac &agr;-myosin heavy chain, cardiac troponin I and T, atrial natriuretic factor, and cardiac transcription factors GATA-4, Nkx2.5, and MEF-2. In addition, cardiomyocyte differentiation could be enhanced by treatment of cells with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine but not DMSO or retinoic acid. Furthermore, the differentiated cultures could be dissociated and enriched by Percoll density centrifugation to give a population containing 70% cardiomyocytes. The enriched population was proliferative and showed appropriate expression of cardiomyocyte markers. The extended replicative capacity of hES cells and the ability to differentiate and enrich for functional human cardiomyocytes warrant further development of these cells for clinical application in heart diseases.
Allow Me to Introduce Spectral and Isoperimetric Graph Partitioning DRAFT: Please add your name to the Acknowledgments by sending jrs comments and corrections at cs.berkeley.edu

Graph partitioning is the problem of cutting a graph into two or more subgraphs of specified sizes while minimizing the total weight of the edges cut or a similar objective function. Spectral partitioning algorithms find approximate solutions to graph partitioning problems by computing one or more eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix that represents the connectivity of the graph, then inferring a cut from the eigenvectors. Spectral partitioning has a rich mathematical theory, both for deriving guaranteed bounds on the quality of spectral partitions and for creating expander graphs that are useful because they do not have good partitions. Isoperimetric partitioning is an alternative algorithm that has similar foundations in linear algebra, but it is faster and simpler because it replaces the eigenvalue computation with the solution of a symmetric linear system. However, it lacks the theoretical guarantees of spectral partitioning and it is too new to have been tested in a wide variety of applications. The first half of this report describes the spectral and isoperimetric graph partitioning algorithms and the virtues and limitations of spectral partitioning as an approximation algorithm. The second half is a miscellany of variations and implications of these algorithms. Topics include Cheeger’s inequality, the normalized cut criterion, vertex separators, negative edge weights, eigenvector computations, singular value decompositions for bipartite graphs, the use of multiple eigenvectors, and partitioning a graph into more than two subgraphs. Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Awards CCF-0430065, CCF-0635381, IIS-0915462, CCF-1423560, and CCF-1909204, in part by the University of California Lab Fees Research Program, and in part by an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship. The claims in this document are those of the author. They are not endorsed by the sponsors or the U.S. Government.
Some comments on the diversity of Vermeer paintings depicted on postage stamps

We present some comments on the diversity of the paintings by Johannes Vermeer (1632–1675) depicted on postage stamps. We have found 20 of the 36 “recognized” Vermeer paintings depicted on postage stamps issued by 29 “countries”; by country we mean here a stampissuing region that issues or has issued its own postage stamps. We apply Fisher’s α index of biodiversity [11] to compare the diversity of Vermeer paintings depicted on postage stamps with the diversity of two other data sets [26]. We illustrate our article with images of 7 Vermeer paintings depicted on 10 postage stamps issued by 5 different countries.
Blind Watermarking Arithmetic for Color Image Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform

In this paper, we present a new watermarking arithmetic for color images based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT). First we transform the color space from RGB to YUV. After scrambling, the U component is transformed to the frequency spectrum by 3-level DWT. We take pseudo random sequence as the watermark, and insert it into the second and third high frequency bands. Linear correlation detector is used to detect the watermark, so the watermark can be detected without original image. We employ image scrambling technology to make the linear correlation detector in this watermarking system be optimal. The experimental results shows that the scheme has good transparency and robustness.
Prevalence of substance use in high school students from the United States

v List of Tables . viii Chapter 1: The Problem . 1 Purpose of the Study . 2 Research Questions . 2 Hypothesis . 2 Significance of Study . 3 Limitations . 3 Assumptions . 4 Definition of Terms . 4 Cocaine . 4 Ecstasy . 4 Hallucinogen . 4 Heroin . 4 Inhalant . 4 Methamphetamines . 4 Overdose . 4 Prescription Drugs . 4 Overview of the Study.5 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 6 Theories on Substance Use . 6
Salient texture contrast difference based blur metric

This paper presents a no-reference salient texture contrast difference based blur metric with integrated simple visual attention weights for a better simulation of the HVS response to blur distortion. The proposed blur metric is modeled as an exponential function of the salient texture contrast difference which is defined as a weighted sum of the salient texture contrast difference of each patch between the two blurred versions of the input image. The experimental results on public available databases show that the proposed method is monotonic, robust to additive noises, and also consistent with human visual system.
Molecular Signatures in Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Insect Attack and Bacterial Infection

Background Under the threat of global climatic change and food shortages, it is essential to take the initiative to obtain a comprehensive understanding of common and specific defence mechanisms existing in plant systems for protection against different types of biotic invaders. We have implemented an integrated approach to analyse the overall transcriptomic reprogramming and systems-level defence responses in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana henceforth) during insect Brevicoryne brassicae (B. brassicae henceforth) and bacterial Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 (P. syringae henceforth) attacks. The main aim of this study was to identify the attacker-specific and general defence response signatures in A. thaliana when attacked by phloem-feeding aphids or pathogenic bacteria. Results The obtained annotated networks of differentially expressed transcripts indicated that members of transcription factor families, such as WRKY, MYB, ERF, BHLH and bZIP, could be crucial for stress-specific defence regulation in Arabidopsis during aphid and P. syringae attack. The defence response pathways, signalling pathways and metabolic processes associated with aphid attack and P. syringae infection partially overlapped. Components of several important biosynthesis and signalling pathways, such as salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene (ET) and glucosinolates, were differentially affected during the two the treatments. Several stress-regulated transcription factors were known to be associated with stress-inducible microRNAs. The differentially regulated gene sets included many signature transcription factors, and our co-expression analysis showed that they were also strongly co-expressed during 69 other biotic stress experiments. Conclusions Defence responses and functional networks that were unique and specific to aphid or P. syringae stresses were identified. Furthermore, our analysis revealed a probable link between biotic stress and microRNAs in Arabidopsis and, thus gives indicates a new direction for conducting large-scale targeted experiments to explore the detailed regulatory links between them. The presented results provide a comparative understanding of Arabidopsis – B. brassicae and Arabidopsis – P. syringae interactions at the transcriptomic level.
Coordinating power and performance in virtualized environments

Power and performance coordination on shared infrastructures is a critical issue due to system dynamics. Existing work mostly focused on either aspect or relied on models on specific workload. This paper proposes a feedback control based coordination system that provides guarantees on both power consumption and performance service-level agreements in virtualized environments. Evaluation results demonstrate that it can achieve various levels of tradeoff in a flexible way while maintaining prediction accuracy.
Epigenetic dysregulation in the developing Down syndrome cortex

ABSTRACT Using Illumina 450K arrays, 1.85% of all analyzed CpG sites were significantly hypermethylated and 0.31% hypomethylated in fetal Down syndrome (DS) cortex throughout the genome. The methylation changes on chromosome 21 appeared to be balanced between hypo- and hyper-methylation, whereas, consistent with prior reports, all other chromosomes showed 3–11 times more hyper- than hypo-methylated sites. Reduced NRSF/REST expression due to upregulation of DYRK1A (on chromosome 21q22.13) and methylation of REST binding sites during early developmental stages may contribute to this genome-wide excess of hypermethylated sites. Upregulation of DNMT3L (on chromosome 21q22.4) could lead to de novo methylation in neuroprogenitors, which then persists in the fetal DS brain where DNMT3A and DNMT3B become downregulated. The vast majority of differentially methylated promoters and genes was hypermethylated in DS and located outside chromosome 21, including the protocadherin gamma (PCDHG) cluster on chromosome 5q31, which is crucial for neural circuit formation in the developing brain. Bisulfite pyrosequencing and targeted RNA sequencing showed that several genes of PCDHG subfamilies A and B are hypermethylated and transcriptionally downregulated in fetal DS cortex. Decreased PCDHG expression is expected to reduce dendrite arborization and growth in cortical neurons. Since constitutive hypermethylation of PCDHG and other genes affects multiple tissues, including blood, it may provide useful biomarkers for DS brain development and pharmacologic targets for therapeutic interventions.
Attempt to reduce the computational complexity in multi-objective differential evolution algorithms

Nondominated sorting and diversity estimation procedures are an essential part of many multiobjective optimization algorithms. In many cases these procedures are the computational bottleneck of the entire algorithm. We present the methods to decrease the cost of these procedures for multiobjective differential evolution (DE) algorithms. Our approach is to compute domination ranks and crowding distances for the population at the beginning of the algorithm and use a combination of well known data structures to efficiently update these attributes. Experiments show that the cost of improved nondominated sorting is sub-quadratic in the number of individuals. In practice using our methods the overall DE algorithm can run 2 to 100 times faster.
Distribution of aboveground live biomass in the Amazon basin

The amount and spatial distribution of forest biomass in the Amazon basin is a major source of uncertainty in estimating the flux of carbon released from land‐cover and land‐use change. Direct measurements of aboveground live biomass (AGLB) are limited to small areas of forest inventory plots and site‐specific allometric equations that cannot be readily generalized for the entire basin. Furthermore, there is no spaceborne remote sensing instrument that can measure tropical forest biomass directly. To determine the spatial distribution of forest biomass of the Amazon basin, we report a method based on remote sensing metrics representing various forest structural parameters and environmental variables, and more than 500 plot measurements of forest biomass distributed over the basin. A decision tree approach was used to develop the spatial distribution of AGLB for seven distinct biomass classes of lowland old‐growth forests with more than 80% accuracy. AGLB for other vegetation types, such as the woody and herbaceous savanna and secondary forests, was directly estimated with a regression based on satellite data. Results show that AGLB is highest in Central Amazonia and in regions to the east and north, including the Guyanas. Biomass is generally above 300 Mg ha−1 here except in areas of intense logging or open floodplains. In Western Amazonia, from the lowlands of Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia to the Andean mountains, biomass ranges from 150 to 300 Mg ha−1. Most transitional and seasonal forests at the southern and northwestern edges of the basin have biomass ranging from 100 to 200 Mg ha−1. The AGLB distribution has a significant correlation with the length of the dry season. We estimate that the total carbon in forest biomass of the Amazon basin, including the dead and belowground biomass, is 86 Pg C with ±20% uncertainty.
Sustainable cooperative coevolution with a multi-armed bandit

This paper proposes a self-adaptation mechanism to manage the resources allocated to the different species comprising a cooperative coevolutionary algorithm. The proposed approach relies on a dynamic extension to the well-known multi-armed bandit framework. At each iteration, the dynamic multi-armed bandit makes a decision on which species to evolve for a generation, using the history of progress made by the different species to guide the decisions. We show experimentally, on a benchmark and a real-world problem, that evolving the different populations at different paces allows not only to identify solutions more rapidly, but also improves the capacity of cooperative coevolution to solve more complex problems.
ON‐LINE CASE‐BASED PLANNING

Some domains, such as real‐time strategy (RTS) games, pose several challenges to traditional planning and machine learning techniques. In this article, we present a novel on‐line case‐based planning architecture that addresses some of these problems. Our architecture addresses issues of plan acquisition, on‐line plan execution, interleaved planning and execution, and on‐line plan adaptation. We also introduce the Darmok system, which implements this architecture to play Wargus (an open source clone of the well‐known RTS game Warcraft II). We present empirical evaluation of the performance of Darmok and show that it successfully learns to play the Wargus game.