Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Age Estimation from Pulp/Tooth Area Ratio of Canines using Cone-BeamComputed Tomography Image Analysis: Study of an Egyptian Sample

Accurate, non-invasive and conservative methods for dental age estimation of unknown Individuals are an important aspect in different legal, forensic and anthropological situations. The pulp/tooth area ratio (PTR) used to estimate age by measuring the amount of decrease in the volume of the dental pulp cavity due to secondary dentin deposition. The study aims to age estimation based on PTR of canines measured in sagittal and axial planes obtained from Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image data. One hundred fifty CBCT images of Egyptian individuals (age range: 14-68 years) were analysed. PTR were measured by AutoCAD 2013. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between age and PTR, and to establish a mathematical model for the human age estimation. Study results revealed that the maxillary canines and sagittal sections measurements produced a higher correlation between chronological age and PTR. Therefore, maxillary canine sagittal section was the most accurate for age estimation (r=-0.919). The Standard errors of estimates (SEE) of the regression analyses for the individual canine sections and section combinations were found to be (range: ± 4.76 8.1 years) which an acceptable range in for forensic application (SEE ± 10 years). In conclusion, this study showed that PTR calculation of canines is a reliable parameter for human age estimation and that CBCT is an easy and conservative approach with reasonable precision and accuracy.
IRIS Recognition using QR Code for Finding Duplicate Certificate

Today world security for document is become more and more important. Biometric is the method of identifying a person or verifying a person based on physiological. In earlier we don't have any certification verification . Due to this method so many mistakes are done in certificate verification. So we propose the iris based QR Code generation for verifying certificates. QR Code generation using bitmap algorithm Student details are collected and also student iris database also will be stored . After storing details the corresponding QR Code will be generated for that particular users. For certificate verification QR Code will be recognized for that each and every users also user can retrieve that particular Iris images.
Learning Lexical Alignment Policies for Generating Referring Expressions for Spoken Dialogue Systems

We address the problem that different users have different lexical knowledge about problem domains, so that automated dialogue systems need to adapt their generation choices online to the users' domain knowledge as it encounters them. We approach this problem using policy learning in Markov Decision Processes (MDP). In contrast to related work we propose a new statistical user model which incorporates the lexical knowledge of different users. We evaluate this user model by showing that it allows us to learn dialogue policies that automatically adapt their choice of referring expressions online to different users, and that these policies are significantly better than adaptive hand-coded policies for this problem. The learned policies are consistently between 2 and 8 turns shorter than a range of different hand-coded but adaptive baseline lexical alignment policies.
Use of record-linkage to handle non-response and improve alcohol consumption estimates in health survey data: a study protocol

Introduction Reliable estimates of health-related behaviours, such as levels of alcohol consumption in the population, are required to formulate and evaluate policies. National surveys provide such data; validity depends on generalisability, but this is threatened by declining response levels. Attempts to address bias arising from non-response are typically limited to survey weights based on sociodemographic characteristics, which do not capture differential health and related behaviours within categories. This project aims to explore and address non-response bias in health surveys with a focus on alcohol consumption. Methods and analysis The Scottish Health Surveys (SHeS) aim to provide estimates representative of the Scottish population living in private households. Survey data of consenting participants (92% of the achieved sample) have been record-linked to routine hospital admission (Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR)) and mortality (from National Records of Scotland (NRS)) data for surveys conducted in 1995, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2009 and 2010 (total adult sample size around 40 000), with maximum follow-up of 16 years. Also available are census information and SMR/NRS data for the general population. Comparisons of alcohol-related mortality and hospital admission rates in the linked SHeS-SMR/NRS with those in the general population will be made. Survey data will be augmented by quantification of differences to refine alcohol consumption estimates through the application of multiple imputation or inverse probability weighting. The resulting corrected estimates of population alcohol consumption will enable superior policy evaluation. An advanced weighting procedure will be developed for wider use. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval for SHeS has been given by the National Health Service (NHS) Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee and use of linked data has been approved by the Privacy Advisory Committee to the Board of NHS National Services Scotland and Registrar General. Funding has been granted by the MRC. The outputs will include four or five public health and statistical methodological international journal and conference papers. Primary subject heading Public health. Secondary subject heading Addiction: health policy; mental health.
Molecular basis of the interaction between the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and the proapoptotic protein ASPP2

We have characterized the molecular basis of the interaction between ASPP2 and Bcl-2, which are key proteins in the apoptotic pathway. The C-terminal ankyrin repeats and SH3 domain of ASPP2 (ASPP2Ank-SH3) mediate its interactions with the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. We used biophysical and computational methods to identify the interaction sites of Bcl-2 and its homologues with ASPP2. Using peptide array screening, we found that ASPP2Ank-SH3 binds two homologous sites in all three Bcl proteins tested: (i) the conserved BH4 motif, and (ii) a binding site for proapoptotic regulators. Quantitative binding studies revealed that binding of ASPP2Ank-SH3 to the Bcl-2 family members is selective at two levels: (i) interaction with Bcl-2-derived peptides is the tightest compared to peptides from the other family members, and (ii) within Bcl-2, binding of ASPP2Ank-SH3 to the BH4 domain is tightest. Sequence alignment of the ASPP2-binding peptides combined with binding studies of mutated peptides revealed that two nonconserved positions where only Bcl-2 contains positively charged residues account for its tighter binding. The experimental binding results served as a basis for docking analysis, by which we modeled the complexes of ASPP2Ank-SH3 with the full-length Bcl proteins. Using peptide arrays and quantitative binding studies, we found that Bcl-2 binds three loops in ASPP2Ank-SH3 with similar affinity, in agreement with our predicted model. Based on our results, we propose a mechanism in which ASPP2 induces apoptosis by inhibiting functional sites of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
Bayesian Modeling of Haplotype Effects in Multiparent Populations

A general Bayesian model, Diploffect, is described for estimating the effects of founder haplotypes at quantitative trait loci (QTL) detected in multiparental genetic populations; such populations include the Collaborative Cross (CC), Heterogeneous Socks (HS), and many others for which local genetic variation is well described by an underlying, usually probabilistically inferred, haplotype mosaic. Our aim is to provide a framework for coherent estimation of haplotype and diplotype (haplotype pair) effects that takes into account the following: uncertainty in haplotype composition for each individual; uncertainty arising from small sample sizes and infrequently observed haplotype combinations; possible effects of dominance (for noninbred subjects); genetic background; and that provides a means to incorporate data that may be incomplete or has a hierarchical structure. Using the results of a probabilistic haplotype reconstruction as prior information, we obtain posterior distributions at the QTL for both haplotype effects and haplotype composition. Two alternative computational approaches are supplied: a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler and a procedure based on importance sampling of integrated nested Laplace approximations. Using simulations of QTL in the incipient CC (pre-CC) and Northport HS populations, we compare the accuracy of Diploffect, approximations to it, and more commonly used approaches based on Haley–Knott regression, describing trade-offs between these methods. We also estimate effects for three QTL previously identified in those populations, obtaining posterior intervals that describe how the phenotype might be affected by diplotype substitutions at the modeled locus.
Alterations in Ultrastructural Morphology of Two-Cell Bovine Embryos Produced In Vitro and In Vivo Following a Physiologically Relevant Heat Shock1

Abstract Exposure of cultured preimplantation embryos to temperatures similar to those experienced by heat-stressed cows inhibits subsequent development. In this study, the effects of heat shock on the ultrastructure of two-cell bovine embryos were examined to determine mechanisms for inhibition of development. Two-cell embryos produced in vitro were harvested at ∼28 h postinsemination and cultured for 6 h at one of three temperatures: 38.5°C (cow body temperature), 41.0°C (characteristic temperature for heat-stressed cows), or 43.0°C (severe heat shock). Ultrastructural examinations revealed that both heat shocks resulted in the movement of organelles towards the center of the blastomere. In addition, heat shock increased the percentage of mitochondria exhibiting a swollen morphology. Distance between the membranes comprising the nuclear envelope was increased but only when embryos were treated at 43.0°C. To determine whether ultrastructural responses to heat shock in culture were similar for embryos produced in vitro and in vivo, two-cell embryos were collected from superovulated Angus cows 48 h postinsemination and treated ex vivo for 6 h at 38.5°C or 41.0°C. Again, heat shock caused an increase in number of swollen mitochondria and movement of organelles away from the periphery of the blastomere. Exposure of two-cell bovine embryos to physiologically relevant elevated temperatures causes disruption in ultrastructural morphology that is inimical to development. The observation that overall morphology and response to heat was similar for embryos produced in vitro and in vivo implies that the former can be a good model for understanding embryonic responses to heat shock.
Space-time decision feedback equalisation using a minimum bit error rate design for single-input multiple-output channels

A minimum bit error rate (MBER) decision feedback equaliser (DFE) designed for single-input multiple-output (SIMO) systems employing a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme is proposed. It is shown that this MBER design is superior over the standard minimum mean square error DFE in the SIMO scenario considered, in terms of the achievable system bit error rate. A sample-by-sample adaptive implementation of this MBER DFE is derived, which is referred to as the least bit error rate (LBER) algorithm. It is shown that for SIMO systems using a QPSK scheme, the LBER algorithm has a similar computational complexity as the simple least mean square (LMS) algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive LBER-based DFE outperforms the adaptive LMS-based DFE, in both stationary and fading cases.
Association of IL12A Expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL) With Primary Biliary Cirrhosis in a Chinese Han Population

AbstractGenome-wide association studies in European individuals have revealed that IL12A is strongly associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). However, this association was not detected in replicative studies conducted in Chinese Han and Japanese populations.To verify contributions of genetic variants of IL12A to the pathogenesis of PBC in Chinese populations, a replicative study of 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) around the IL12A gene locus was performed in a cohort of 586 PBC cases and 726 healthy controls. Three out of the 22 SNPs were significantly associated with PBC. The 2 SNPs with the most significant association signal were rs4679868 (P = 6.59E−05, odds ratio [OR] = 1.554 [1.253–1.927]) and rs6441286 (P = 8.00E−05, OR = 1.551 [1.250–1.924]). These 2 SNPs were strongly linked to each other (r2 = 0.981), and both were found to be significantly associated with PBC in European populations.An expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was performed based on the observation that these 2 SNPs were located in proximity to 2 enhancers verified by luciferase reporter systems in the HEK293 cell line. The results of eQTL analysis, conducted using the publically accessible data, showed that the risk alleles of rs4679868 and rs6441286 were significantly associated with decreased expression of IL12A in lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from individuals of Chinese Han ancestry (P = 0.0031 for rs4679868 and P = 0.0073 for rs6441286). In addition, the risk alleles of the 2 SNPs were significantly associated with down-regulation of SCHIP1, a celiac disease susceptible gene, 91.5 kb upstream of IL12A.These results not only demonstrated that IL12A is associated with PBC in the Chinese Han population but also identified a potential mechanism for its involvement in the pathogenesis of PBC.
Analgesics and ENT surgery. A clinical comparison of the intraoperative, recovery and postoperative effects of buprenorphine, diclofenac, fentanyl, morphine, nalbuphine, pethidine and placebo given intravenously with induction of anaesthesia.

1. Vomiting and restlessness following ENT and eye surgery are undesirable, and may be related to the emetic and analgesic effects of any analgesic given to augment anaesthesia during surgery. 2. To rationalise the choice of analgesic for routine ENT surgery we examined the intraoperative, recovery and postoperative effects following the administration of either buprenorphine (3.0 to 4.5 micrograms kg-1), diclofenac (1 mg kg-1), fentanyl (1.5 to 2.0 micrograms kg-1), morphine (0.1 to 0.15 mg kg-1), nalbuphine (0.1 to 0.15 mg kg-1), pethidine (1.0 to 1.5 mg kg-1) or saline (as control) given with the induction of anaesthesia in 374 patients. A standardised anaesthetic technique with controlled ventilation using 0.6-0.8% isoflurane in nitrous oxide and oxygen was employed. The study population constituted 7 similar groups of patients. 3. Intraoperatively, their effects on heart rate and blood pressure, airway pressure and intraocular pressure, were similar. This implies, most surprisingly, that neither their analgesic nor their histamine releasing effects were clinically evident during surgery. By prolonging the time to extubation at the end of anaesthesia, only buprenorphine, fentanyl, morphine and pethidine provided evidence of intraoperative respiratory depression. 4. Postoperatively, buprenorphine was associated with severe respiratory depression, prolonged somnolence, profound analgesia and the highest emesis rate. Diclofenac exhibited no sedative, analgesic, analgesic sparing, emetic or antipyretic effects. Fentanyl provided no sedative or analgesic effects, but was mildly emetic. Morphine provided poor sedation and analgesia, delayed the requirement for re-medication and was highly emetic. Nalbuphine and pethidine produced sedation with analgesia during recovery, a prolonged time to re-medication and a mild emetic effect. None provided evidence, from analysis of postoperative re-medication times and analgesic consumption, of any pre-emptive analgesic effect. 5. We conclude that nalbuphine (mean dose 0.13 mg kg-1) and pethidine (mean dose 1.35 mg kg-1), given individually as a single i.v. bolus during induction of anaesthesia, are the most efficacious analgesics for routine in-patient ENT surgery.
Representation Learning Models for Entity Search

We focus on the problem of learning distributed representations for entity search queries, named entities, and their short descriptions. With our representation learning models, the entity search query, named entity and description can be represented as low-dimensional vectors. Our goal is to develop a simple but effective model that can make the distributed representations of query related entities similar to the query in the vector space. Hence, we propose three kinds of learning strategies, and the difference between them mainly lies in how to deal with the relationship between an entity and its description. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each learning strategy and validate our methods on public datasets which contain four kinds of named entities, i.e., movies, TV shows, restaurants and celebrities. The experimental results indicate that our proposed methods can adapt to different types of entity search queries, and outperform the current state-of-the-art methods based on keyword matching and vanilla word2vec models. Besides, the proposed methods can be trained fast and be easily extended to other similar tasks.
Toward optimal structured light patterns

A methodology for the optimal design of projection patterns for stereometric structured light systems is presented. The similarity as well as the difference between the design of projection patterns and the design of optimal signals for digital communication are discussed. The design of K projection patterns for a structured light system with L distinct planes of light is shown to be equivalent to the placement of L points in a K dimensional space subject to certain constraints. optimal design in the MSE sense is defined, but shown to lead to an intractable multi-parameter global optimization problem. Intuitively appealing suboptimal solutions derived from the family of K dimensional space-filling Hilbert curves are obtained. Preliminary experimental results are presented.
INVESTIGATION OF TADF PROPERTIES OF NOVEL DONOR-ACCEPTOR TYPE PYRAZINE DERIVATIVES

In this study 2,3-dicyanopyrazine based acceptor was combined with donors to obtain Donor-Acceptor type potential thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters ( 1 - 10 ). All molecules’ structural and electronic properties were computed theoretically at the level of Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) with the application of three different hybrid functionals. Most of the designed structures have been found to possess the potential to be TADF compounds because they have very narrow energy gap between their first excited singlet and triplet states. As a result, 6 - 10 molecular pyrazine derivative has been calculated as the best candidate for the purpose. Moreover, having 0.90 eV interfrontier molecular orbital energy band gap, compound 6 has a very strong potential to serve as an efficient OLED material.
Robotic telepresence: past, present, and future.

Abstract : THE SCOPE of telemedicine defined as the use of telecommunications to allow caregivers to interact with patients and/or other caregivers operating at remote locations is very broad. For example, the Army s current telemedicine program, as described by Poropatich et al, encompasses a wide breadth of various forms of information that is transmitted and shared for the purpose of patient care, education, and other communication, from the transmission of dermatologic or radiologic images to real-time video telemonitoring support in the intensive care unit. For the purposes of this review, the discussion is limited to telemedicine that uses real-time video telecommunication capabilities.
Phospholipase C–mediated hydrolysis of PIP2 releases ERM proteins from lymphocyte membrane

Mechanisms controlling the disassembly of ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins, which link the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, are incompletely understood. In lymphocytes, chemokine (e.g., SDF-1) stimulation inactivates ERM proteins, causing their release from the plasma membrane and dephosphorylation. SDF-1–mediated inactivation of ERM proteins is blocked by phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors. Conversely, reduction of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) levels by activation of PLC, expression of active PLC mutants, or acute targeting of phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase to the plasma membrane promotes release and dephosphorylation of moesin and ezrin. Although expression of phosphomimetic moesin (T558D) or ezrin (T567D) mutants enhances membrane association, activation of PLC still relocalizes them to the cytosol. Similarly, in vitro binding of ERM proteins to the cytoplasmic tail of CD44 is also dependent on PIP2. These results demonstrate a new role of PLCs in rapid cytoskeletal remodeling and an additional key role of PIP2 in ERM protein biology, namely hydrolysis-mediated ERM inactivation.
Detection of Anti-VacA Antibody Responses in Serum and Gastric Juice Samples Using Type s1/m1 and s2/m2 Helicobacter pylori VacA Antigens

ABSTRACT Several different families of vacuolating toxin (vacA) alleles are present in Helicobacter pylori, and they encode products with differing functional activities. H. pyloristrains containing certain types of vacA alleles have been associated with an increased risk for peptic ulcer disease. In this study, we tested serum samples and gastric juice from 19 H. pylori-negative and 39 H. pylori-positive patients for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reactivity with two different types of VacA antigens (types s1/m1 and s2/m2), which were purified from H. pylori 60190 and 86-338, respectively. Both antigens were recognized better by serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) fromH. pylori-positive persons than by serum IgG from H. pylori-negative persons (P < 0.01). The s1/m1 VacA antigen was better recognized by sera from patients carryingvacA type s1/m1 strains than by sera from patients carryingvacA type s2/m2 or s1/m2 strains (P < 0.01). Conversely, the s2/m2 VacA antigen was better recognized by sera from patients carrying type s2/m2 or s1/m2 strains (P= 0.03). Serum IgG anti-VacA antibodies were present more frequently in patients carrying type s1/m1 strains than in other H. pylori-positive patients (P = 0.0002). In addition, the highest levels of IgA anti-VacA antibodies were detected in the gastric juice of patients carrying type s1/m1 strains. These data indicate that different VacA isoforms have distinct antigenic properties and that multiple forms of VacA elicit antibody responses inH. pylori-positive humans.
Spatiotemporal auto-correlation of grayscale gradient with importance map for cooking gesture recognition

We propose a gesture recognition method employing spatiotemporal auto-correlation of grayscale gradient for image sequences capturing cooking activities. Recognizing gestures in housework activities is a key technology for realizing sophisticated household devices, energy saving as well as supporting elder or handicapped people. The proposed method employs Cubic Gradient Local Auto Correlation (Cubic GLAC) to describe shape of objects and its temporal change in a video sequence. Human gestures are able to be recognized by not only appearance and motion but environmental objects. Actually, cooking gestures also have strong relationship to surrounding kitchen utensils. To utilize this observation for gesture recognition, we introduce the importance map that restricts regions of interest for recognition. Support vector machine with linear kernel is employed to classify the extracted feature among 10 gesture classes. Performance evaluation experiment using "Actions for Cooking Eggs (ACE)" Dataset, which is an open dataset for context-based gesture recognition, shows that the proposed method outperforms recognition methods using similar spatiotemporal features.