Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of very low frequency oscillations in electromagnetic brain signal recordings

Spontaneous very low frequency oscillations ( Core results demonstrate that the inter-trial variability in the amplitude and latency of the eventrelated fields sensory component, the M100 (in MEG), exhibits a slow wave pattern, which is indicative of the intrinsic slow waves modulating underlying brain processes. In a separate study, phase synchronisation in the slow wave band was observed between fronto-central, central and parietal brain regions, and the level of synchrony varied between rest and task conditions, and as a function of ADHD. Furthermore, a new EEG experimental framework and a multistage signal processing methodology have been designed and implemented in order to investigate brain activity during task performance in contrast with that during rest. Here, the brain has been envisaged as an oscillatory system onto which a graded load was imposed to yield a variable output response – the P300. Specifically, results show that the amplitude and phase of the brain sources in the slow wave band share essential similarities during rest and task conditions, but are distinct enough to be classified separately. This is in keeping with the view that the intrinsic slow waves are continuously influencing active brain sources and they are in turn affected by external stimulation. These slow wave variations are also significantly correlated with the level of cognitive attention assessed by performance measures (such as reaction time and error rates). Moreover, the power of the sources in the slow wave band is attenuated during task, and the level of attenuation drops as the task difficulty level is increased, whilst their phase undergoes a change in structure (measured through entropy). These new methodologies, developed for gaining insight into the neurophysiological role of the slow waves, could be used for assessing changes in the brain electrical oscillators as a function of various psychiatric and/or neurobehavioural disorders such as ADHD. This could ultimately lead towards a more scientific (and accurate) approach for the prognosis and diagnosis of these disorders.
Design of a Zeroth Order Resonator UHF RFID Passive Tag Antenna with Capacitive Loaded Coplanar Waveguide Structures

The use and development of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems has undergone substantial growth in the past decade in many new areas. Some of these areas include wire‐ less sensor systems, metamaterials and compact antennas [1-8]. However, much of this new growth has required more performance from traditional passive RFID systems. In particu‐ lar, the need for more compact antennas with performances comparable to much larger res‐ onant antennas is one such condition. To fulfill the requirements of compact antennas, researchers have developed various novel RFID antenna designs [2-4], including metamate‐ rial-based RFID antenna designs [1,5-8] to improve the performance of RFID systems. Using composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) based metamaterials to show the unique property of zeroth-order resonance (ZOR) [9,10] is one such method to reduce the overall size of an antenna. More specifically, a ZOR-TL can be used to make an electrically small antenna to appear electrically large; which leads to improved matching and radiation properties. This is done by producing a zero phase constant at a non-zero frequency (i.e. the wavelength of the travelling wave becomes infinite) on the TL. This is a unique property which makes the resonance condition independent from the physical dimensions of the an‐ tenna or TL [11-13] so it can be used to design miniature antennas for passive UHF RFID applications. The resonance of such antennas at any operating frequency only depend on its CRLH characteristics to acquire ZOR at that frequency and less to do with the physical di‐ mensions of corresponding antenna.
Visualization of cell cycle in mouse embryos with Fucci2 reporter directed by Rosa26 promoter

Fucci technology makes possible the distinction between live cells in the G1 and S/G2/M phases by dual-color imaging. This technology relies upon ubiquitylation-mediated proteolysis, and transgenic mice expressing Fucci provide a powerful model system with which to study the coordination of the cell cycle and development. The mice were initially generated using the CAG promoter; lines expressing the G1 and S/G2/M phase probes that emitted orange (mKO2) and green (mAG) fluorescence, respectively, were separately constructed. Owing to cell type-biased strength of the CAG promoter as well as the positional effects of random transgenesis, however, we noticed some variability in Fucci expression levels. To control more reliably the expression of cell cycle probes, we used different genetic approaches to create two types of reporter mouse lines with Fucci2 and Rosa26 transcriptional machinery. Fucci2 is a recently developed Fucci derivative, which emits red (mCherry) and green (mVenus) fluorescence and provides better color contrast than Fucci. A new transgenic line, R26p-Fucci2, utilizes the Rosa26 promoter and harbors the G1 and S/G2/M phase probes in a single transgene to preserve their co-inheritance. In the other R26R-Fucci2 approach, the two probes are incorporated into Rosa26 locus conditionally. The Cre-mediated loxP recombination technique thus allows researchers to design cell-type-specific Fucci2 expression. By performing time-lapse imaging experiments using R26p-Fucci2 and R26-Fucci2 in which R26R-Fucci2 had undergone germline loxP recombination, we demonstrated the great promise of these mouse reporters for studying cell cycle behavior in vivo.
Expurgated joint source-channel coding bounds and error exponents

This paper studies expurgated random-coding bounds and error exponents for joint source-channel coding (JSCC). We extend Gallager's expurgation techniques for channel coding to the JSCC setting, and derive a non-asymptotic bound that recovers two exponents derived by Csiszár using the method of types. Our approach has the notable advantage of being directly applicable to channels with continuous alphabets.
LUTHERAN ADOLESCENT SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT: THE EFFECT OF SCHOOL ATTENDANCE ON SPIRITUAL TRANSFORMATION INVENTORY TEST SCORES

Lutheran schools have been established to nurture and disciple children into the Christian faith. However, empirical evidence is lacking that Lutheran schools are accomplishing this goal. The purpose of this Causal comparative and Correlational study was to determine whether attendance at Lutheran or Public schools made a statistically significant difference on Spiritual Transformation Inventory 2.0 test scores among Lutheran adolescents. Participants (N=129) took the Spiritual Transformation Inventory 2.0 (STI) test which measures spiritual development from an attachment to God perspective. Data was analyzed using a t-test to examine between group differences as well as Spearman’s rho to examine the relationship between STI 2.0 scores and the number of years participants attended Lutheran schools. Results showed that there was no significant difference between the STI 2.0 scores of study participants who attended Lutheran schools verses those who attended public schools. In addition, no significant relationship was observed between the number of years students spent attending Lutheran schools and their STI 2.0 scores. However, significant differences were observed between students from two-parent homes and students from divorced homes. Likewise, students who participated in additional ministries within their churches scored higher than individuals who did not participate. These results suggest that more research needs to be conducted on the effect of Lutheran school attendance on the spiritual development of students from divorced homes as well as those who are minimally committed to their church community.
An Empirical Study on Structured Dichotomies in Music Genre Classification

Ensemble learning approaches have been gaining popularity in the non-trivial task of multi-class classification. Some of these, including 1-against-1, 1-against-all, and dichotomy-based methods, are based on decomposing the class space of a multi-class task into a set of binary-class ones. In this work, we investigate whether they could help improve genre classification in music. In particular, we explore various dichotomy structures of binary classifiers in music data. In addition to the existing ones, we propose several strategies to build new binary tree structures. We base our approach on the observation that people find it easy to distinguish between certain classes and difficult between others. In our investigation, we use several base classifiers that are common in the literature and conduct series of empirical experiments on two benchmarking music datasets. We report the initial results of our investigation in this paper.
Penetration of 0.3% ciprofloxacin, 0.3% ofloxacin, and 0.5% moxifloxacin into the cornea and aqueous humor of enucleated human eyes

We aimed to quantify the penetration of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and moxifloxacin into the cornea and aqueous humor of cadaver eyes. A total of 60 enucleated eyes, not eligible for corneal transplantation, were divided into three groups and immersed in commercial solutions of 0.3% ciprofloxacin, 0.3% ofloxacin, or 0.5% moxifloxacin for 10 min. Whole corneas and samples of aqueous humor were then harvested and frozen, and drug concentrations analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The mean corneal concentration of moxifloxacin was twice as high as ofloxacin, and the latter was twice as high as ciprofloxacin. The mean concentration of moxifloxacin in the aqueous humor was four times higher than the other antibiotics, and the mean concentrations of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were statistically similar. The amount of drug that penetrated the anterior chamber after a 10-min immersion was far below the safe limit of endothelial toxicity of each preparation. Moxifloxacin demonstrated far superior penetration into the cornea and anterior chamber of cadaver eyes compared to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. One should not expect endothelial toxicity with the commercial eye drops of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and moxifloxacin that reach the anterior chamber through the cornea.
Dysphagia Bedside Screening for Acute-Stroke Patients: The Gugging Swallowing Screen

Background and Purpose— Acute-onset dysphagia after stroke is frequently associated with an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia. Because most screening tools are complex and biased toward fluid swallowing, we developed a simple, stepwise bedside screen that allows a graded rating with separate evaluations for nonfluid and fluid nutrition starting with nonfluid textures. The Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS) aims at reducing the risk of aspiration during the test to a minimum; it assesses the severity of aspiration risk and recommends a special diet accordingly. Methods— Fifty acute-stroke patients were assessed prospectively. The validity of the GUSS was established by fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. For interrater reliability, 2 independent therapists evaluated 20 patients within a 2-hour period. For external validity, another group of 30 patients was tested by stroke nurses. For content validity, the liquid score of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing was compared with the semisolid score. Results— Interrater reliability yielded excellent agreement between both raters (&kgr;=0.835, P<0.001). In both groups, GUSS predicted aspiration risk well (area under the curve=0.77; 95% CI, 0.53 to 1.02 in the 20-patient sample; area under the curve=0.933; 95% CI, 0.833 to 1.033 in the 30-patient sample). The cutoff value of 14 points resulted in 100% sensitivity, 50% specificity, and a negative predictive value of 100% in the 20-patient sample and of 100%, 69%, and 100%, respectively, in the 30-patient sample. Content validity showed a significantly higher aspiration risk with liquids compared with semisolid textures (P=0.001), therefore confirming the subtest sequence of GUSS. Conclusions— The GUSS offers a quick and reliable method to identify stroke patients with dysphagia and aspiration risk. Such a graded assessment considers the pathophysiology of voluntary swallowing in a more differentiated fashion and provides less discomfort for those patients who can continue with their oral feeding routine for semisolid food while refraining from drinking fluids.
Seven-day validation of doubly labeled water method using indirect room calorimetry.

Carbon dioxide production, water production, and energy expenditure (EE) determined with 2H2(18)O were validated using a room calorimeter. Nine human subjects (5 males, 4 females) resided in the calorimeter for five to seven consecutive 23.5-h days. Daily carbon dioxide and water production and EE were averaged from calorimeter data and compared with 2H2(18)O results for the same period and for the following week. Isotope concentrations were measured by isotope ratio mass spectroscopy (18O) and infrared spectrophotometry (2H). Isotope clearance rates and pool sizes were determined by two multipoint methods and the two-point method. No significant differences were measured between calorimetry and 2H2(18)O results for the period within the chamber [multipoint A.M. urine 1.55% +/- 2.57 (SD) %, multipoint A.M. + P.M. urine 0.98% +/- 8.19%, two-point 1.59% +/- 4.50%]. Free-living EE was 13% +/- 7% greater. The results indicate that the 2H2(18)O method as applied is a valid technique for measuring EE, that multipoint calculation methods can be as precise as the two-point method, and that EE was greater in free-living than in calorimeter-confined conditions.
Cell tracking using phase‐adaptive shape prior

Automated tracking of cell population is very crucial for quantitative measurements of dynamic cell‐cycle behaviour of individual cells. This problem involves several subproblems and a high accuracy of each step is essential to avoid error propagation. In this paper, we propose a holistic three‐component system to tackle this problem. For each phase, we first learn a mean shape as well as a model of the temporal dynamics of transformation, which are used for estimating a shape prior for the cell in the current frame. We then segment the cell using a level set‐based shape prior model. Finally, we identify its phase based on the goodness‐of‐fit of the data to the segmentation model. This phase information is also used for fine‐tuning the segmentation result. We evaluate the performance of our method empirically in various aspects and in tracking individual cells from HeLa H2B‐GFP cell population. Highly accurate validation results confirm the robustness of our method in many realistic scenarios and the essentiality of each component of our integrating system.
Trait and State Academic Emotions : Two Sides of the Same Coin?

(2013). Can I master it and does it matter? An intraindividual analysis on control-value antecedents of trait and state academic emotions. (submitted). What students think they feel differs from what they really feel-Academic self-concept moderates the discrepancy between students' trait and state emotional self-reports. (2012, July). What students think they feel is different from what they really feel. Ergebnisse sowie beim Verfassen des Manuskripts mitgearbeitet.
Long‐term prognostic role of coronary flow velocity reserve in patients with aortic valve stenosis – insights from the SZEGED Study

Introduction: Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFR) is markedly reduced in severe aortic valve stenosis (AS). Independent prognostic value of pulsed‐wave Doppler echocardiography‐derived CFR was seen in a variety of diseases. However, the prognostic significance of CFR by pulsed‐wave Doppler echocardiography has never been evaluated in patients with AS.
A Spectacular Poststarburst Quasar

We report the discovery of a spectacular "poststarburst quasar" UN J1025-0040 (B = 19; z = 0.634). The optical spectrum is a chimera, displaying the broad Mg II λ2800 emission line and strong blue continuum characteristic of quasars, but is dominated in the red by a large Balmer jump and prominent high-order Balmer absorption lines indicative of a substantial young stellar population at similar redshift. Stellar synthesis population models show that the stellar component is consistent with a 400 Myr old instantaneous starburst with a mass of ≲1011 M☉. A deep, Ks-band image taken in ~0. ″5 seeing shows a point source surrounded by asymmetric extended fuzz. Approximately 70% of the light is unresolved, the majority of which is expected to be emitted by the starburst. While starbursts and galaxy interactions have been previously associated with quasars, no quasar ever before has been seen with such an extremely luminous young stellar population.
Semi-supervised Chinese Word Segmentation based on Bilingual Information

This paper presents a bilingual semisupervised Chinese word segmentation (CWS) method that leverages the natural segmenting information of English sentences. The proposed method involves learning three levels of features, namely, character-level, phrase-level and sentence-level, provided by multiple submodels. We use a sub-model of conditional random fields (CRF) to learn monolingual grammars, a sub-model based on character-based alignment to obtain explicit segmenting knowledge, and another sub-model based on transliteration similarity to detect out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words. Moreover, we propose a sub-model leveraging neural network to ensure the proper treatment of the semantic gap and a phrase-based translation sub-model to score the translation probability of the Chinese segmentation and its corresponding English sentences. A cascaded log-linear model is employed to combine these features to segment bilingual unlabeled data, the results of which are used to justify the original supervised CWS model. The evaluation shows that our method results in superior results compared with those of the state-of-the-art monolingual and bilingual semi-supervised models that have been reported in the literature.
Ieee Transactions on Affective Computing Predicting Mood from Punctual Emotion Annotations on Videos

— A smart environment designed to adapt to a user's affective state should be able to decipher unobtrusively that user's underlying mood. Great effort has been devoted to automatic punctual emotion recognition from visual input. Conversely , little has been done to recognize longer-lasting affective states, such as mood. Taking for granted the effectiveness of emotion recognition algorithms, we propose a model for estimating mood from a known sequence of punctual emotions. To validate our model experimentally, we rely on the human annotations of two well-established databases: the VAM and the HUMAINE. We perform two analyses: the first serves as a proof of concept and tests whether punctual emotions cluster around the mood in the emotion space. The results indicate that emotion annotations, continuous in time and value, facilitate mood estimation, as opposed to discrete emotion annotations scattered randomly within the video timespan. The second analysis explores factors that account for the mood recognition from emotions, by examining how individual human coders perceive the underlying mood of a person. A moving average function with exponential discount of the past emotions achieves mood prediction accuracy above 60%, which is higher than the chance level and higher than mutual human agreement .
Protein Acetylation in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryotes

Proteins can be acetylated at the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal amino acid (methionine or the penultimate amino acid after methionine removal) or at the epsilon-amino group of internal lysines. In eukaryotes the majority of proteins are N-terminally acetylated, while this is extremely rare in bacteria. A variety of studies about N-terminal acetylation in archaea have been reported recently, and it was revealed that a considerable fraction of proteins is N-terminally acetylated in haloarchaea and Sulfolobus, while this does not seem to apply for methanogenic archaea. Many eukaryotic proteins are modified by differential internal acetylation, which is important for a variety of processes. Until very recently, only two bacterial proteins were known to be acetylation targets, but now 125 acetylation sites are known for E. coli. Knowledge about internal acetylation in archaea is extremely limited; only two target proteins are known, only one of which—Alba—was used to study differential acetylation. However, indications accumulate that the degree of internal acetylation of archaeal proteins might be underestimated, and differential acetylation has been shown to be essential for the viability of haloarchaea. Focused proteomic approaches are needed to get an overview of the extent of internal protein acetylation in archaea.
Producing a Mammalian GFP Expression Vector Containing Neomycin Resistance Gene

The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was originally isolated from the Jellyfish Aequorea Victoria that fluoresces green when exposed to blue light. GFP protein is composed of 238 amino acids with the molecular mass of 26.9 kD. The GFP gene is frequently used in cellular and molecular biology as a reporter gene. To date, many bacterial, yeast, fungal, plants, fly and mammalian cells, including human, have been created which express GFP. Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Tsien were awarded the 2008 noble prize in chemistry for their discovery and development of GFP. In many studies on mammalian cells, GFP gene is introduced into cells using vector-based systems or a recombinant virus to track the location of a target protein or to study the expression level of the gene of interest, but in these studies there is no selection marker to normalize transfection. According to the importance of neomycin gene as a selection marker in mammalian cells, we aimed to produce a GFP expression vector that contains neomycin gene. GFP gene was separated from pEGFP-N1 vector and was inserted in the back-bone of pCDNA3.1/His/LacZ vector that contained the neomycin gene. The resulted vector contained GFP beside neomycin gene.
An Improved Medium For Plasmodium chabaudi In Vitro Erythrocyte Invasion Assays

ABSTRACT. RPMI‐1640 is routinely used as the basal medium for the in vitro maintenance of malaria parasites. In this study we tested several commercially available nutritional media in a Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi erythrocyte invasion assay and showed that three media, BME Basal Medium—modified, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium, and William's Medium E, improved the level of merozoite invasion when compared with RPMI‐1640. These media improve the rate of maturation of newly invaded rings to young trophozoites. Radioisotope incorporation by trophozoites maintained in these three media was also improved when compared to trophozoites maintained in RPMI‐1640. BME Basal Medium—modified, or a combination of three parts BME Basal Medium—modified with one part William's Medium E, supported higher levels of erythrocyte invasion by merozoites. We suggest that either of these media replace the currently used RPMI‐1640 for in vitro studies on P. c. chabaudi.