Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen-Rich Saline Alleviates Kidney Fibrosis Following AKI and Retains Klotho Expression

Purpose: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prominent risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). To date, the related mechanism and effective therapy have not been rigorously explored. The present study aims to investigate the reno-protection of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) against ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI. Methods: Adult male C57 mice were randomly allocated into three groups: Sham, IR, IR+HRS. Renal IR injury model was generated via 35 min occlusion of bilateral kidney pedicles, and then, mice were administered with different treatments intraperitoneally in various groups. After 14- or 28-day treatment, mice were perfused and the kidneys were collected following reperfusion. Many proteins were detected by western blots, including renal fibrotic proteins [a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), collagen I (Col I)], Klotho, the methylation of Klotho, damage-regulated autophagy modulator (Beclin-1), and microtubule-associated protein light 3-II (LC3-II). Finally, the levels of serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were measured to investigate the renal function. Results: Histological data showed that the HRS treatment significantly decreased the fibrosis in renal tissues when compared with the IR group, and both of BUN and Cr were lower in the HRS group than IR group (8.9 ± 0.6 vs. 9.9 ± 0.1 mmol/l, 51 ± 6.5 vs. 60 ± 5.8 μmol/l) (P < 0.05). The expression of fibrotic markers, a-SMA and Col I, showed a robust increase in IR injury models than the Sham group, which was consistent with the result of Trichrome staining. However, the levels of a-SMA and Col I expression were sharply decreased in the IR+HRS group (P < 0.05). IR injury also enhanced LC3-II and Beclin-1 expression, but decreased Klotho level. The Klotho level was alleviated by HRS, but LC3-II and Beclin-1 were starkly enhanced in HRS group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: HRS showed a protective effect in the prevention of renal injury and could inhibit renal fibrosis after IR injury in mice. This role of HRS might be exerted via retaining Klotho expression and activating autophagy in the kidney.
Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene rs 1801133 C / T polymorphism and urinary cancer risk

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) named rs1801133 C/T may decrease methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity, which may affect DNA methylation, synthesis, and repair for cancer development. However, the data from previously published studies were inconsistent and had low statistical power for urinary cancer. The objective of our current study was to conduct an update analysis of the association between the MTHFR rs1801133 C/T polymorphism and the risk of urinary cancer. We performed a meta-analysis of 40 case-control studies. We assessed the strength of the association by using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). On one hand, we found that the MTHFR rs1801133 C/T polymorphism was associated with decreased prostate cancer risk among Asians and a source of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, with decreased bladder cancer risk among a mixed population. On the other hand, we found that the MTHFR rs1801133 C/T polymorphism might increase renal cell carcinoma risk. Results from this update analysis suggested that MTHFR rs1801133 C/T is associated with urinary cancer.
Shift in Ribonucleotide Reductase Gene Expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa during Infection

ABSTRACT The roles of different ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) in bacterial pathogenesis have not been studied systematically. In this work we analyzed the importance of the different Pseudomonas aeruginosa RNRs in pathogenesis using the Drosophila melanogaster host-pathogen interaction model. P. aeruginosa codes for three different RNRs with different environmental requirements. Class II and III RNR chromosomal mutants exhibited reduced virulence in this model. Translational reporter fusions of RNR gene nrdA, nrdJ, or nrdD to the green fluorescent protein were constructed to measure the expression of each class during the infection process. Analysis of the P. aeruginosa infection by flow cytometry revealed increased expression of nrdJ and nrdD and decreased nrdA expression during the infection process. Expression of each RNR class fits with the pathogenicities of the chromosomal deletion mutants. An extended understanding of the pathogenicity and physiology of P. aeruginosa will be important for the development of novel drugs against infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
A Fast Algorithm for Bottom-Up Document Layout Analysis

This paper describes a new bottom-up method for document layout analysis. The algorithm was implemented in the CLIDE (Chemical Literature Data Extraction) system, but the method described here is suitable for a broader range of documents. It is based on Kruskal's algorithm and uses a special distance-metric between the components to construct the physical page structure. The method has all the major advantages of bottom-up systems: independence from different text spacing and independence from different block alignments. The algorithms computational complexity is reduced to linear by using heuristics and path-compression.
Hobi ’-like pestivirus in aborted bovine fetuses 1 2

‘Hobi’-like pestivirus in aborted bovine fetuses 1 2 Nicola Decaro,* Maria Stella Lucente, Viviana Mari, Rossana Sciarretta, Pierfrancesco Pinto, 3 Domenico Buonavoglia, Vito Martella, and Canio Buonavoglia 4 5 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Valenzano (Bari), Italy 6 7 Running title: ‘Hobi-like’ pestivirus-induced abortion in cattle 8 9 10 11 *Corresponding author: 12 Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bari, 13 Strada per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy 14 Tel: +390804679832 15 Fax: +390804679843 16 E-mail: n.decaro@veterinaria.uniba. it 17 18 19 Copyright © 2011, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved. J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/JCM.05887-11 JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 7 December 2011
Inducible Gene Expression by Nonculturable Bacteria in Milk after Pasteurization

ABSTRACT The viability of bacteria in milk after heat treatments was assessed by using three different viability indicators: (i) CFU on plate count agar, (ii) de novo expression of a gfp reporter gene, and (iii) membrane integrity based on propidium iodide exclusion. In commercially available pasteurized milk, direct viable counts, based on dye exclusion, were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than viable cell counts determined from CFU, suggesting that a significant subpopulation of cells in pasteurized milk are viable but nonculturable. Heating milk at 63.5°C for 30 min resulted in a >4-log-unit reduction in the number of CFU of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida that were marked with lac-inducible gfp. However, the reduction in the number of gfp-expressing cells of both organisms under the same conditions was <2.5 log units. These results demonstrate that a substantial portion of cells rendered incapable of forming colonies by heat treatment are metabolically active and are able to transcribe and translate genes de novo.
Visual evoked potentials to red-green stimulation in schoolchildren

The aim is to study chromatic visual evoked potentials (VEP) to isoluminant red-green (R-G) stimulus in schoolchildren. Sixty children (7–19 years) with normal color vision were examined, 30 binocularly and 30 monocularly. The isoluminant point was determined for each child subjectively by using heterochromatic flicker photometry, and objectively from recordings. The stimulus was a 7° circle composed of horizontal sinusoidal gratings, with spatial frequency 2 cycles/degrees and 90% contrast, presented in onset-offset mode. VEP were recorded from Oz (mid-occipital) position. Age-dependent waveform changes and changes of the positive and negative wave were studied to both binocular and monocular R-G stimulation. Age-dependent waveform changes were observed to binocular and monocular R-G stimulation. In younger children the positive wave was prominent, whereas in older children also the negative wave became more evident. The latency of the positive wave decreased linearly with age to R-G binocular stimulation. To monocular stimulation no significant changes of the latency were observed. The amplitude of the positive wave dropped exponentially with age to binocular and monocular stimulation. The latency of the negative wave increased linearly with age to binocular and monocular stimulation, whereas the amplitude did not show age-dependent changes. These findings suggest that the chromatic VEP response undergoes evident age-dependent changes during the school-age period.
The Salmonella typhimurium Flagellar Basal Body Protein FliE Is Required for Flagellin Production and to Induce a Proinflammatory Response in Epithelial Cells*

During apical colonization by Salmonella typhimurium, intestinal epithelial cells orchestrate a proinflammatory response that involves secretion of chemoattractants, predominantly interleukin-8, which coordinate neutrophil trans-epithelial migration at the site of infection. This host-pathogen interaction requires several S. typhimurium genes. To identify novel genes that participate in this pathogen-induced proinflammatory response, we created S. typhimurium Tn-10 transposon mutants and identified a single mutant with Tn-10 insertional inactivation within the fliE flagellar locus that was able to adhere to and invade intestinal epithelial cells normally but was unable to induce interleukin-8 secretion in host cells. The fliE-deficient mutant failed to secrete flagellin and lacked any surface assembly of flagellae. Unlike wild-type S. typhimurium, the fliE-deficient mutant did not activate the IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway or induce the coordinated trans-epithelial migration of isolated human neutrophils. Transcomplementation of the fliE-deficient mutant with a wild-type fliE-harboring plasmid restored all defects and produced a wild-type S. typhimurium phenotype. Furthermore, functional down-regulation of basolateral TLR5 completely inhibited the monolayers' ability to respond to both wild-typeS. typhimurium and purified flagellin but had no affect on tumor necrosis factor α-induced responses. We therefore conclude thatS. typhimurium fliE is essential for flagellin secretion, flagellar assembly, and S. typhimurium-induced proinflammatory responses through basolateral TLR5 and is consistent with the emerging model of S. typhimurium flagellin-induced inflammation.
Un canevas logiciel pour la construction de systèmes de stockage reconfigurables pour grappes de machines. (A software framework for building reconfigurable storage systems on clusters of workstations)

Cette these s'interesse aux systemes de stockage repartis pour grappes de serveurs. Les solutions existantes sont generalement monolithiques et peu (re)configurables. Elles limitent la reutilisation de code, compliquent l'administration et le developpement de systemes robustes et autonomes. Nous proposons un canevas logiciel visant a lever ces contraintes. Un service de stockage est construit a partir d'un assemblage de composants et fournit une representation explicite des flux de controle et de donnees. L'architecture permet un parametrage fin des propriete��s du systeme, y compris au niveau des protocoles de communication et des strategies de transfert des donnees. L'infrastructure d'execution offre, de plus, des mecanismes de reconfiguration dynamique du code, des parametres et de la structure du systeme. Un prototype, implemente au niveau bloc, montre qu'une approche modulaire est conciliable avec de bonnes performances et permet de construire des services flexibles et specialises.
Comparison of invasion by human microvascular endothelial cell lines in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in a threedimensional (3D) cell culture system.

BACKGROUND Immortalized human endothelial cells are widely used as in vitro models for debilitating conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular and ocular diseases. Human microvascular endothelial cell (HMEC-1) is immortalized via stable transfection with a gene encoding SV40 large antigen whilst telomerase-immortalized human microvascular endothelial (TIME) cells is immortalized by engineering the human telomerase catalytic protein (hTERT) into primary microvascular endothelial cells. Here, we established a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid invasion assay with HMEC-1 and TIME and compared the difference in their ability to invade through the collagen matrix in response to exogenous growth factors, namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). METHODS TIME and HMEC-1 spheroids were embedded in a collagen matrix. The spheroids were stimulated with exogenous growth factors, namely VEGF (50 ng/mL) and bFGF (200 ng/mL). Twelve points of invasion length from a spheroid was measured using image analysis software, Image J. Three independent experiments were conducted and data was analysis by GraphPad Instat software, version 3.05. RESULTS TIME spheroid invasion was 16.5 fold higher with exogenous VEGF (50 ng/mL) and bFGF (200 ng/mL) treatment as compared to those cultured in complete growth medium only. In contrast, no significant difference was observed between HMEC-1 spheroids stimulated with and without exogenous growth factors, VEGF and bFGF. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on the establishment of a 3D-spheroid invasion assay with TIME cells. The requirement of VEGF and bFGF for TIME spheroids invasion is a novel finding. In addition, this assay offers an advantage over HMEC-1 for testing novel angiogenic agents since it is not affected by endogenously secreted growth factors.
Signs and Symbols: Art and Language in Art Therapy

Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.lmu. edu/jcat Part of the Applied Linguistics Commons, Art Practice Commons, Clinical Psychology Commons, Counseling Psychology Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, Other Linguistics Commons, Other Psychology Commons, Philosophy of Language Commons, Social Work Commons, and the Typological Linguistics and Linguistic Diversity Commons
Expression of bcl-2 and p53 oncoproteins in schistosomiasis-associated transitional and squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder.

OBJECTIVES To analyze the expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins in schistosomiasis-associated bladder cancer compared to adjacent urothelium showing morphological alteration including hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of histologically confirmed schistosomiasis-associated bladder tumours were assessed for grade, pathological stage (pT category) and the presence of hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia in adjacent mucosa. There were 11 transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs), 10 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and one diffuse infiltrating (signet-ring cell type) adenocarcinoma. Epithelial hyperplasia was observed in seven cases and metaplasia in 18, most of which were squamous except for a single case of glandular metaplasia. Focal dysplastic areas were observed in eight cases. Sections were stained immunohistochemically for the expression of bcl-2 and p53 proteins. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for bcl-2 was present in seven of 22 cases (four SCCs and three TCCs) of which three cases (two SCCs and one TCC) were strongly positive, but in contrast to previous studies, there was no increase in the poorly differentiated tumours, bcl-2 was absent in metaplastic and dysplastic epithelium (except in a single case of glandular metaplasia) but it was present at low levels in basal cells of morphologically normal or hyperplastic transitional epithelium in 15 of 22 cases. Nine of 11 TCCs and seven of 10 SCCs showed p53 nuclear immunoreactivity. Heterogenous weak to moderate immunoreactivity for p53 was seen in 13 of 18 cases of metaplasia and in seven of eight cases of dysplasia in the mucosa adjacent to tumours, p53 was absent in normal and hyperplastic urothelium. Co-expression of p53 and bcl-2 was only seen in well differentiated areas of three tumours (two SCCs and one TCC). CONCLUSION This study detected the expression of bcl-2 in a subset of bladder cancers (32%), whereas most (72%) of the tumours expressed immunoreactive p53. Additionally, p53 was also detected in metaplastic and dysplastic epithelium. Over-expression of both p53 and bcl-2 in the same tumour was only evident in a minority of schistosomiasis-associated cancers (13%). There was no inverse relationship of p53 and bcl-2 immunoreactivity.
FPGA Design Framework Combined with Commercial VLSI CAD

The most widely used open-source field programmable gate array (FPGA) placement and routing tool is the Versatile Packing, Placement and Routing (VPR) software developed at the University of Toronto, Canada. VPR calculates area and timing using target FPGA architecture and physical information. However, it cannot be used in FPGA IP design efficiently for two reasons. First, VPR cannot directly support most newly developed FPGA architectures, and modifying the C-coded VPR so that it can be used to evaluate a number of new architectures is time consuming. Second, the accuracy of the VPR performance results is inadequate for the evaluation of a complete FPGA IP in a design that targets the production of LSI. We propose an FPGA design framework that is focused on improving FPGA IP design efficiency. A novel FPGA routing tool is developed in this framework, namely the EasyRouter which uses the C# language. When an object-oriented programming method is used, there is less source code and it is easier to manage compared to VPR, thus shortening the development time. By using simple HDL code templates, EasyRouter can automatically generate the entire HDL code for a chip and the configuration bitstream. With these files, the FPGA IP can be evaluated with commercial VLSI CAD systems with high accuracy and reliability. key words: FPGA, CAD, routing
Subcellular Compartmentation of Neuronal Protein Synthesis: New Insights into the Biology of the Neuron

Abstract: During the past few years, it has become well established that the distal structural/functional domains of the neuron contain numerous mRNAs. However, there is a paucity of information on the composition and function of these unique mRNA populations. In this article, we review recent evidence to support the hypothesis that protein synthesis occurs in multiple subcellular compartments in the neuron, to include the axon and presynaptic nerve terminal. The studies we describe use the squid giant axon and photoreceptor neuron as model invertebrate motor and sensory systems, respectively. Initial cell‐free translation studies and molecular hybridization analysis established that the giant axon contained a heterogeneous population of polyadenylated mRNAs. The application of differential mRNA display methodology greatly facilitated the isolation and identification of 29 of these mRNAs, which encode cytoskeletal proteins, molecular motors, translation factors, various nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial mRNAs, and several novel mRNA species. RT‐PCR analysis of RNA from squid brain synaptosomes confirmed the presence of these mRNAs in the presynaptic nerve terminal. The presence of these mRNAs in polysomes purified from the synaptosomal fraction establish that these messengers are actively translated in the terminal. Results of in vitro labeling studies demonstrate that a significant fraction of the nuclear‐encoded mitochondrial protein derives from the local synthesis in the terminal. This finding calls attention to the intimacy of the relationship that has evolved between the nerve terminal and its energy‐generating system. The role that local protein synthesis might play in the mammalian nervous system and in the neuronal response to stress is discussed.
Evidence-Based Practice for Treatment of Eating Disorders

The purpose of this chapter is to review the status of evidence-based practice (EBP) for the treatment of students with eating disorders in university and college counseling centers. Several issues affecting the application of the research findings to service delivery for eating disordered students will be addressed. These include discussion of EBP research paradigms, populations studied, treatment interventions selected, other salient variables examined, utilization of appropriate assessment indices and meaningful outcome measures, and multicultural considerations. EBP relevant guidelines, implications and suggestions for future directions in college mental health are presented. [Article copies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service: 1-800-HAWORTH. E-mail address: <docdelivery@haworthpress.com> Website: <http://www.HaworthPress. com>  2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved. ]
An efficient and enhanced memory based FFT processor using radix 16 booth with carry skip adder

The main objective of this concept is to design a memory efficient FFT processor with low power consumption. Enhanced memory addressing scheme is proposed to deal with these complex and higher radix FFT processors. Dual port merged bank memory is designed in-order to deal with memory based FFT processors. Each and every butterfly unit needs one memory to store those computational permutations. So, if radix of FFT increases, memory requirement increases. Implies, more density occupancy, more power consumption is yielded. Here in this concept, area efficient algorithm (Algorithm AE) with single-port, merged-bank (SPMB) memory Algorithm with Low Power (LP) using cached memory (CM) are proposed to deal with memory based FFT processor problems. The butterfly unit in this concept is implemented with multiplier and adder modules. An efficient and enhanced algorithm like Radix-16 modified booth and carry skip adders are used in this process.
Busulfan Selectively Induces Cellular Senescence but Not Apoptosis in WI38 Fibroblasts via a p53-Independent but Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Mechanism

Busulfan (BU) is a unique alkylating agent that primarily targets slowly proliferating or nonproliferating cells in the body, leading to various normal tissue damage while killing leukemia cells. However, the mechanism(s) of action whereby BU injures normal cells has not been well defined and, therefore, was investigated in the present study by using the normal human diploid WI38 fibroblasts as a model system. We found that WI38 fibroblasts incubated with BU (from 7.5–120 μM) for 24 h underwent senescence but not apoptosis in a dose-independent manner, whereas cells incubated with 80 and 20 μM etoposide (Etop) were committed to apoptosis and senescence, respectively. The induction of WI38 cell senescence by Etop was associated with p53 activation and could be attenuated by down-regulation of p53 using α-pifithrin (α-PFT) or p53 small interference RNA (siRNA). In contrast, WI38 cell senescence induced by BU was associated with prolonged activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and could be suppressed by the inhibition of Erk and/or p38 with PD98059 (2′-amino-3′-methoxyflavone) and/or SB203580 [4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)1H-imidazole], respectively. However, inhibition of p53 with α-PFT or p53 siRNA or JNK with SP600125 (1,9-pyrazoloanthrone) failed to protect WI38 cells from BU-induced senescence. These findings suggest that BU is a distinctive chemotherapeutic agent that can selectively induce normal human fibroblast senescence through the Erk and p38 pathways.