Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic IP-VPN architecture for cloud computing

In this paper we propose our new architecture of the Dynamic IP-VPN which is used for cloud computing services. There are some kinds of use cases of the cloud service. One is public cloud. Public cloud is on the Internet and can be accessed by any users, so the enterprise users adopt a passive attitude to using it for business use. Another is private cloud. Private cloud is separated from the Internet. Only the closed users can access it though the leased line. Though the security problem can be solved, it is a difficult point that the cost is high. The new third category is virtual private cloud which is connected to the users via IP-VPN on the Internet. However we are confronted with some problems to connect clouds to IP-VPN. Cloud computing environment are so flexible that a virtual machine might appear and disappear in a short term and migrate to other data center depending on the load condition. Conventional IP-VPN is not suitable for this situation. Therefore we discuss new requirements and architecture for cloud computing environment.
Oxalate Content of Taro Leaves Grown in Central Vietnam

Leaves were harvested from four different cultivars of Colocasia esculenta and three cultivars of Alocasia odora that were growing on nine different farms in central Vietnam. The total, soluble and insoluble oxalate contents of the leaves were extracted and measured using HPLC chromatography. Total calcium determinations were also carried out on the same samples. The total oxalate content of the leaves ranged from 433.8 to 856.1 mg/100 g wet matter (WM) while the soluble oxalate ranged from 147.8 to 339.7 mg/100 g WM. The proportion of soluble oxalate ranged from 28% to 41% (overall mean 35%) of the total oxalate content of the leaves. The equivalent insoluble oxalate proportion ranged from 59% to 72% of the total (overall mean 65%). There was little difference between the Colocasia esculenta and Alocasia odora taro cultivars, although the total oxalate content was significantly higher in Alocasia odora cultivars. The overall mean total calcium content was 279.5 mg/100 WM and the percentage of insoluble calcium bound as calcium oxalate ranged from 31.7% to 57.3% of the total calcium content (overall mean 47.1%). The oxalate content in taro leaves is a major factor to consider when different cultivars of taro are recommended for human or animal consumption.
Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Psikologis Peserta Didik SD/MI Melalui Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu

Salah satu masalah pendidikan terbesar yang ada di Indonesia adalah rendahnya mutu pendidikan dasar SD/MI yang sangat penting untuk pendidikan di jenjang berikutnya. Pemerintah sudah melakukan beberapa macam cara untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut namun belum juga teratasi secara signifikan. Masalah rendahnya mutu pendidikan ini terlihat pada proses pembelajaran yang masih jauh dengan kebutuhan psikologis peserta didik. Namun dengan upaya ditetapkannya kurikulum 2013 yang setiap guru harus menggunakan pembelajaran secara tematik adalah upaya yang sangat cerdas karena seimbang dengan karakteristik berpikir peserta didik yang masih operasional konkert.
Image Denoising using Wavelet Transform and various Filters

The process of removing noise from the original image is still a demanding problem for researchers. There have been several algorithms and each has its assumptions, merits, and demerits. The prime focus of this paper is related to the pre processing of an image before it can be used in applications. The pre processing is done by de-noising of images. In order to achieve these de-noising algorithms, filtering approach and wavelet based approach are used and performs their comparative study. Different noises such as Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, speckle noise are used. The filtering approach has been proved to be the best when the image is corrupted with salt and pepper noise. The wavelet based approach has been proved to be the best in de-noising images corrupted with Gaussian noise. A quantitative measure of comparison is provided by the parameters like Peak signal to noise ratio, Root mean square error and Correlation of the image.
Online harms white paper

1. The Children's Media Foundation is a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to ensuring children and young people in the UK have the best possible media choices, on all platforms and at all ages. We bring together academic research institutions, the children's media industries, regulators, politicians and concerned individuals who recognise that media is not only a powerful force in children's lives, but a valuable one.
Distribution and Inference

We believe that the information encoded in distributional vectors is a lossy projection of an underlying inferential structure. This raises two questions: What’s projected and what’s lost? Let’s start with the inferential picture (abduction) and derive the distributional picture, and then we can see to what extent we can drive it backwards. In the Interpretation as Abduction framework (Hobbs et al., 1993), the inferential structure is a proof graph for the logical form of a text or utterance. If we understand how this is projected onto distributional vectors, we may be able to discover how to use the latter to recover the former. The key lies in an important and pervasive property of the inferential structure underlying discourse: its high degree of implicit redundancy. In the original Quillian paper on semantic nets (Quillian, 1968), he did marker passing from different bits of the content of the text, and when he found an intersection, he knew he had a good reading. In Interpretation as Abduction, back-chaining corresponds to marker passing, and unifying or “factoring” literals corresponds to finding intersections. Unifying literals in an explanation gives you more bang for the buck – a better explanation for fewer assumptions – and it is the primary mechanism for coreference resolution. To pump intuitions, take an example that was in Hobbs (1978) and was reanalyzed for Hobbs et al. (1993):
Post-Event Reflection: A Tool to Facilitate Self-Awareness, Self-Monitoring, and Self-Regulation in Athletes

Abstract The underlying basis of many psychological interventions is self-awareness. Systematic self-reflection enhances self-awareness, which improves self-monitoring, self-correction, and ultimately self-regulation (Kirschenbaum, 1997). Theoretically, the capability to self-reflect following performance has motivational, cognitive, and behavioral effects (Ellis, Carette, Anseel, & Lievens, 2014), increases intrinsic motivation, and results in more internal and controllable attributions (Allen, Jones, & Sheffield, 2010). This paper introduces a tool—the Post-Event Reflection (PER)—that practitioners can use to assist athletes in processing their performances in a productive, improvement-focused manner. The PER’s conceptual and empirical rationale, practical implementation and implications, benefits, and challenges are presented.
Transition to turbulence in MHD channel flow with spanwise magnetic field

We investigate the linear and non-linear evolution of perturbations in a magnetohydrodynamic channel flow with electrically insulating channel walls in which a strong magnetic field possesses an orientation orthogonal to the stream but parallel to the walls. Linear optimal perturbations and their maximum amplifications over finite time intervals are computed using an iterative scheme based on the direct and adjoint governing equations. We find that the presence of a magnetic field changes the spatial structure of optimal perturbations. As the Hartmann number increases, the optimal modes cease to be the classical streamwise rolls and become oblique rolls with axes at some angle to the direction of the flow. At sufficiently high Hartmann numbers, the optimal modes are purely spanwise Tollmien-Schlichting waves. For certain Reynolds and Hartmann numbers, direct numerical simulations are performed to investigate how the transition to turbulence is affected by the magnetic field. Simulations are conducted using the optimal modes as initial values with weak three-dimensional noise added at the beginning or at maximum amplification time.
Viability of bovine embryos following exposure to the green filtered or wider bandwidth light during in vitro embryo production.

BACKGROUND Microscopic light during in vitro production (IVP) is a common stress factor compromising embryo development and viability. Many studies discussing detrimental effects of light have been conducted on in vivo matured/fertilized oocytes or on flushed embryos that were exposed to light only when cultured in vitro. The aim of this work was to examine the effects of light composition during all IVP steps on subsequent embryo development and quality. METHODS We compared the effects of a green pass filter of 498-563 nm wavelength, and a wider bandwidth of stereomicroscopic light on bovine embryo development rates, total cell counts and the presence of constitutive (Hsp73) and stress-inducible (Hsp72) forms of the Hsp70 protein. RESULTS The use of the green filter had no effect on embryo development rates, morphological quality or total cell counts on Day 7 or 8 of development compared with control group. However, Hsp72/73 protein levels revealed the protective effect of the filter against harmful blue and infrared regions of the light. The constitutive form Hsp73 was seen in both groups, but the inducible stress-response form Hsp72 was absent from the filter group embryos and appeared only in the group exposed to the stereomicroscopic light. CONCLUSIONS An easy to use and inexpensive green filter seems to reduce the stress caused by light during the IVP procedures without affecting either the accuracy of embryo monitoring or the need to increase the light intensity.
Wellformedness Properties in Euler Diagrams: Which Should Be Used?

Euler diagrams are often used to visualize intersecting data sets in applications such as criminology; genetics, medicine, and computer file systems. One interesting aspect of these diagrams is that some data sets cannot be drawn without breaking one or more "wellformedness properties,” which are considered to reduce the user comprehension of the diagrams. However, it is possible to draw the same data with different diagrams, each of which breaks different wellformedness properties. Hence, some properties are "swappable,” so motivating the study of which of the alternatives would be best to use. This paper reports on the two empirical studies to determine how wellformedness properties affect comprehension. One study was with abstract data, the other was with concrete data that visualized students' enrollment on university modules. We have results from both studies that imply that diagrams with concurrency or disconnected zones perform less well than other some other properties. Further, we have no results that imply that diagrams with brushing points adversely affect performance. Our data also indicate that nonsimple curves are preferred less than diagrams with other properties. These results will inform both human diagram designers and the developers of automated drawing systems on the best way to visualize data using Euler diagrams.
A Jacobi-Davidson Type Method for a Right Definite Two-Parameter Eigenvalue Problem

We present a new numerical iterative method for computing selected eigenpairs of a right definite two-parameter eigenvalue problem. The method works even without good initial approximations and is able to tackle large problems that are too expensive for existing methods. The new method is similar to the Jacobi--Davidson method for the eigenvalue problem. In each step, we first compute Ritz pairs of a small projected right definite two-parameter eigenvalue problem and then expand the search spaces using approximate solutions of appropriate correction equations. We present two alternatives for the correction equations, introduce a selection technique that makes it possible to compute more than one eigenpair, and give some numerical results.
Air-Path Model Predictive Control of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine with Variable Valve Actuation

Abstract In this paper, a model-based strategy for the air-path, fuel injection timing, and fuel pressure control of a heavy-duty Diesel engine is presented. The engine system is a six-cylinder Diesel engine, equipped with a dual-stage fixed geometry turbo system and a variable valve actuation (VVA) system. The VVA operates on the intake valves, and realizes a late Miller combustion cycle. The control strategy implemented is a multilinear - model predictive control (MPC), which manipulates the intake valve hold and closure timing, the fuel injection timing, and the needle opening pressure. The MPC objectives are: (i) to keep NOx emissions under a reference level, (ii) to keep the air-fuel ratio over a certain reference, while (iii) minimizing fuel consumption under other constraints. The use of a model predictive control strategy is motivated by the fact that the system is a multi-input multi-output system, with several constraints applied to it. This paper presents the applied control strategy and simulation results illustrating the potential of the proposed control. The simulation results show that the control strategy is applicable, and that the fuel consumption is minimized, but also that further refinements are required.
Estimating Security Risk for Web Applications using Security Vectors

Risk assessment has been getting increased attention as the new vulnerabilities and threats are emerging on daily basis. The popularity and complexity of web application present challenges to the security implementation for web engineering. It is well known that the earlier to perform risk assessment for software, the less cost needed to mitigate the security risks. However, quantitative estimation of security in the earlier stage of software development life cycle is largely missing. In this paper, we propose a quantitative approach to perform risk assessment at design stage for web application which is based on multiple security vectors of asset, threat and vulnerability. An environment-driven method is proposed to elicit threats to the system. In the end, the risk assessment methodology is applied on a customer goods case study.
Smart and Secure Monitoring of Industrial Environments using IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) standard is giving rise to complex smart systems where in it has been made conceivable to captivate objects we experience in regular life, to interact and exchange information over a wireless network. The steep surge in industrialization and poor strategies used in controlling industrial pollution has resulted in degradation in the quality of environment around us. Negligence of leakage within an industry can result in massive hazards like the Bhopal Gas Tragedy. This paper proposes a secure IoT framework to smartly connect industrial surroundings. Our proposed framework helps in monitoring the level of pollutants, particulate matter and effluents released into the environment, notifying concerned authorities whenever their permissible level surpasses. Also we smartly connect the houses in close vicinity, so that precautionary measures can be taken to evacuate people in times of unexpected leakages. Our paper also discusses the various technologies and the security assessments being done to make it a complete secure system.
Specifying and enforcing constraints in role-based access control

Constraints in access control in general and separation of duty constraints in particular are an important area of research. There are two important issues relating to constraints: their specification and their enforcement. We believe that existing separation of duty specification schemes are rather complicated and that the few enforcement models that exist are unlikely to scale well.We examine the assumptions behind existing approaches to separation of duty and present a combined specification and implementation model for a class of constraints that includes separation of duty constraints. The specification model is set-based and has a simpler syntax than existing approaches. We discuss the enforcement of constraints and the relationship between static, dynamic and historical separation of duty constraints. Finally, we propose a model for a scalable role-based reference monitor, based on dynamic access control structures, that can be used to enforce constraints in an efficient manner.
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Rice Is Safer to Aquatic Ecosystems than Its Non-Transgenic Counterpart

Rice lines genetically modified with the crystal toxin genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have experienced rapid development, with biosafety certificates for two Bt rice lines issued in 2009. There has still been no commercial release of these lines yet due to public concerns about human health and environmental risks. Some studies confirmed that Bt rice was as safe as conventional rice to non-target organisms when pesticides were not applied, however, pesticides are still required in Bt rice to control non-lepidopteran pests. In this study, we assessed the environmental effects of two Bt rice lines expressing either the cry1Ab/1Ac or cry2A genes, respectively, by using zooplanktons as indicator species under normal field management practices using pesticides when required. In the whole rice growing season, non-Bt rice was sprayed 5 times while Bt rice was sprayed 2 times, which ensured both rice achieved a normal yield. Field investigations showed that rice type (Bt and non-Bt) significantly influenced zooplankton abundance and diversity, which were up to 95% and 80% lower in non-Bt rice fields than Bt rice fields. Laboratory rearing showed that water from non-Bt rice fields was significantly less suitable for the survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna and Paramecium caudatum in comparison with water from Bt rice fields. Higher pesticide residues were detected in the water from non-Bt than Bt rice fields, accounting for the bad performance of zooplankton in non-Bt field water. Our results demonstrate that Bt rice is safer to aquatic ecosystems than non-Bt rice, and its commercialization will be beneficial for biodiversity restoration in rice-based ecosystems.
Secure cloud video streaming using tokens

Nowadays, many applications benefit from the increasing number of resources that cloud computing provides in order to improve the quality of their services. Most of these services require an account in order to access different resources, limiting their users to personal devices for the benefit of security, i.e., a (possible) malicious device should not be used to authenticate. In this paper we introduce a novel architecture that allows sharing temporary and limited credentials with any device in order to increase the usability of cloud-based services. We show the efficiency and easiness to use of our solution by implementing video streaming service using well-known public cloud computing and a common and cost-efficient hardware.
Autonomous Decision Making Process for the Dynamic Reconfiguration of Cognitive Radios

The aim of this paper is to present a generic cognitive framework for autonomous decision making with regard to multiple, possibly conflicting, operational objectives in the face of a time-varying environment. The framework is based on the definition of two scales introducing order relationships between the configurations that help the reasoning and learning processes. The resulting cognitive engine learns from scratch to identify the optimal configuration with regard to the design objectives given the current radio environment. The proposed approach is validated on a case of cognitive waveform design voluntarily kept simple for illustration purpose. The possibility of extending this framework to more complex problems is also discussed.
Biclustering gene expression data by random projection based on bucketing

It is an important task for biologists to analyze gene expression data with microarray technology development. Biclustering of gene expression data is the process of grouping a subset of genes over a subset of conditions into a class, in which each gene behaviors similarly over the selected conditions and each condition is related to a certain classification. In this paper, we present a random projection method to find the largest biclusters from gene expression data. To avoid sampling the column uniformly, we adopt the bucketing technology to estimate the probability to sample each column. Experiments show that our method can find the largest biclusters in simulation data and real data.
European citizenship and European identity: from the Treaty of Maastricht to public opinion attitudes. JMWP No. 03.96, December, 1996

In order to answer the question whether the establishment of European citizenship helped to develop a European identity, both institutional and empirical aspects of European citizenship and European identity will be taken into account. The distinction between the formal meaning of citizenship as established in the Treaty of Maastricht on the European Union (TEU) and the attitudes of the Europeans is useful as it results from the Eurobarometer (EB) data on whether European public opinion is aware of the attempts to bring the European Union (EU) closer to the citizens. To understand the contemporary debate on the meaning of European identity, issues such as the relationship between European identity and national identity, and the necessity of strengthening the europeanness in order to indirectly increase the public support to the EU, will be addressed. The process of European integration is today faced with contradictory trends. On the one hand, there is increasing economic interdependence, the advantages of a large scale economy, the necessity of co-operation to cope with environmental disasters or epidemics, etc. On the other, there are local movements claiming for independence in the name of a particular local identity. In an era of globalization and fragmentation, the only way to cope with the clash between identities is to develop and spread a broader concept of European identity. The Maastricht Treaty established a "multiple citizenship". In a similar way, we can refer to a European "multiple identity" by considering local, regional, and national identities as compatible without excluding the one from the other. Recent empirical results indicate that the majority of Europeans declare having both a national and a European identity, demonstrating that they consider them compatible. But when asked to make a choice, the national attachment prevails. In reality, in the TEU the citizens are not asked to choose to have either a national identity or a European one. Identity cannot be analysed in terms of zero-sum games.
Ribosomal protein L20 controls expression of the Bacillus subtilis infC operon via a transcription attenuation mechanism

In contrast to Escherichia coli no molecular mechanism controlling the biosynthesis of ribosomal proteins has been elucidated in Gram-positive organisms. Here we show that the expression of the Bacillus subtilis infC-rpmI-rplT operon encoding translation factor IF3 and the ribosomal proteins L35 and L20 is autoregulated by a complex transcription attenuation mechanism. It implicates a 200-bp leader region upstream of infC which contains two conserved regulatory elements, one of which can act as a transcription terminator. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches we show that expression of the operon is regulated at the level of transcription elongation by a change in the structure of the leader mRNA which depends upon the presence of ribosomal protein L20. L20 binds to a phylogenetically conserved domain and provokes premature transcription termination at the leader terminator. Footprint and toeprint experiments support a regulatory model involving molecular mimicry between the L20-binding sites on 23S rRNA and the mRNA. Our data suggest that Nomura's model of ribosomal protein biosynthesis based on autogenous control and molecular mimicry is also valid in Gram-positive organisms.