Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraindividual personality change: Situational influences, patterns of change, and frequency-based measurement

A large amount of research supports the idea that little change in personality occurs over time (e.g., Caspi & Roberts, 2001). However, changes in an individual’s personality across different situations, known as intraindividual, or within-person, variability, has not received nearly as much empirical attention, in part due to the difficulties inherent in measuring personality across situations. The present study evaluated a measure of within-person variability called frequency-based measurement by comparing it with situational personality expression. The study involved two phases: a one-time measure of trait personality using frequency-based measurement and a five day experience sampling (ESM) study involving repeated measures of state personality. Mean levels of the Big Five traits (i.e., extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience), as measured by the frequency-based format, were significantly positively correlated with ESM measures of the traits, providing initial construct validity for this novel format. A major prediction in the study, that frequency-based variability in personality would be related to the state variability found in the ESM study, was not supported. However, variability in frequency-based measures of conscientiousness and neuroticism were related to both selfmonitoring and self-concept clarity, and frequency-based variability in agreeableness was related to self-concept clarity. All of these relationships were small, indicating some divergent validity for frequency-based measurement. Finally, variability in any one of the Big Five traits was significantly positively correlated with variability in all of the other traits, in both measures (i.e., frequency-based measurement and ESM ratings). This provides support for traitedness (Baumeister & Tice, 1988), a theoretical approach to intraindividual variability that could help to explain why some individuals vary more than others depending on the situation. Overall, the present study found some support for the validity of frequency-based measurement as a method of evaluating intraindividual personality variability without the need for cost and time-intensive longitudinal studies. INTRAINDIVIDUAL PERSONALITY CHANGE: SITUATIONAL INFLUENCES, PATTERNS OF CHANGE, AND FREQUENCY-BASED MEASUREMENT A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Carol Tweten University of Northern Iowa August 2014
Automated Concept Extraction to aid Legal eDiscovery Review

E-Discovery is the process of discovering electronically stored information such as email that is relevant to a legal case. A typical ediscovery process incurs huge costs due to the large volume of information and the requirement of highly specialized and expensive human resources (legal professionals). In this paper, we examine how information management technologies can be used to reduce the high cost. We propose a set of concepts that are helpful in identifying relevant and not-relevant documents. We then develop a set of rule based annotators that automatically identify documents with these concepts and compare their performance with standard off-the-shelf classifiers for building the concept annotators. The rule based annotators have been integrated into the IBM product for ediscovery review called IBM InfoSphere eDiscovery Analyzer.
Red swamp crayfish: biology, ecology and invasion - an overview

Alien species have been transported and traded by humans for many centuries. However, with the era of globalization, biological invasions have reached notable magnitudes. Currently, introduction of alien species is one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The North American crayfish Procambarus clarkii is one of the most widely introduced freshwater species in the world, especially due to its high economic importance. It is responsible for great modifications in invaded environments causing irreparable ecological and economic damages. Its impressive ability to successfully colonize a wide range of environments is a consequence of its behavioural and biological characteristics that can adapt to features of the invaded location, conferring to this species a notable ecological plasticity. This review summarizes the available information regarding P. clarkii's biology and invasive dynamics around the world in order to contribute to the understanding of the threats posed by its establishment, as well as to support management and impact mitigation efforts.
A Framework for Community and Stakeholder Engagement: Experiences From a Multicenter Study in Southern Africa

Community and stakeholder engagement (CSE) are central to conducting multicenter health research. Multicenter studies are, however, considerably more complex because they involve a geographically diverse pool of participants and researchers, making uniform application of CSE strategies difficult. This article describes a framework to achieve CSE based on the experiences of a conducting a multicenter study in Southern Africa. The CSE framework is divided into three phases: before research commences, during, and after the study. This CSE framework offers a practical step-by-step guide on the operational aspects of CSE in a multicenter study. The framework shows the importance of consistent monitoring and evaluation during implantation of CSE.
Study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled factorial design trial to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of reactive focal mass drug administration and vector control to reduce malaria transmission in the low endemic setting of Namibia

Introduction To interrupt malaria transmission, strategies must target the parasite reservoir in both humans and mosquitos. Testing of community members linked to an index case, termed reactive case detection (RACD), is commonly implemented in low transmission areas, though its impact may be limited by the sensitivity of current diagnostics. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) before malaria season is a cornerstone of vector control efforts. Despite their implementation in Namibia, a country approaching elimination, these methods have been met with recent plateaus in transmission reduction. This study evaluates the effectiveness and feasibility of two new targeted strategies, reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) and reactive focal vector control (RAVC) in Namibia. Methods and analysis This is an open-label cluster randomised controlled trial with 2×2 factorial design. The interventions include: rfMDA (presumptive treatment with artemether-lumefantrine (AL)) versus RACD (rapid diagnostic testing and treatment using AL) and RAVC (IRS with Acellic 300CS) versus no RAVC. Factorial design also enables comparison of the combined rfMDA+RAVC intervention to RACD. Participants living in 56 enumeration areas will be randomised to one of four arms: rfMDA, rfMDA+RAVC, RACD or RACD+RAVC. These interventions, triggered by index cases detected at health facilities, will be targeted to individuals residing within 500 m of an index. The primary outcome is cumulative incidence of locally acquired malaria detected at health facilities over 1 year. Secondary outcomes include seroprevalence, infection prevalence, intervention coverage, safety, acceptability, adherence, cost and cost-effectiveness. Ethics and dissemination Findings will be reported on clinicaltrials.gov, in peer-reviewed publications and through stakeholder meetings with MoHSS and community leaders in Namibia. Trial registration number NCT02610400; Pre-results.
Lived Experiences of Democratic Republic of Congo Refugees facing Medical Xenophobia in Durban, South Africa

This research was undertaken to explore experiences of xenophobia by refugees from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with the health care system in Durban, South Africa. The study adopted a qualitative methodology consisting of 31 in-depth interviews with refugees from the DRC. Framework analysis was conducted. The findings revealed that refugees face medical xenophobia during their encounter with health care workers with language barriers and documentation as the first stumbling block in efforts to seek health care services. The pervasiveness of xenophobia is also experienced in prejudice evident in ethnic slurs, unwelcome and insensitive comments and discriminatory practices, including denial of treatment, contributing to inequality in health care delivery.
Polycomb protein SCML2 facilitates H3K27me3 to establish bivalent domains in the male germline

Significance The germline is responsible for the reproduction of an entire organism through the recovery of totipotency after fertilization. This ability is presumably associated with a chromatin feature known as bivalent chromatin domains, which are marked with both repressive and active histone modifications. In this study, we determine the identity of bivalent domain genes in the male germline of mice and the regulatory mechanism for these genes. We demonstrate that SCML2 facilitates a repressive modification, H3K27me3, thereby establishing bivalent domains in the germline. Our study identifies a possible germline mechanism by which differentiated and unipotent germ cells give rise to a totipotent zygote following fertilization. Repressive H3K27me3 and active H3K4me2/3 together form bivalent chromatin domains, molecular hallmarks of developmental potential. In the male germline, these domains are thought to persist into sperm to establish totipotency in the next generation. However, it remains unknown how H3K27me3 is established on specific targets in the male germline. Here, we demonstrate that a germline-specific Polycomb protein, SCML2, binds to H3K4me2/3-rich hypomethylated promoters in undifferentiated spermatogonia to facilitate H3K27me3. Thus, SCML2 establishes bivalent domains in the male germline of mice. SCML2 regulates two major classes of bivalent domains: Class I domains are established on developmental regulator genes that are silent throughout spermatogenesis, while class II domains are established on somatic genes silenced during late spermatogenesis. We propose that SCML2-dependent H3K27me3 in the male germline prepares the expression of developmental regulator and somatic genes in embryonic development.
6th Ieee International Conference on Robot & Human Interactive Communication Human-robot Interaction in Autism: Face, an Android-based Social Therapy

In human-machine social interaction, the intersection between biology and engineering needs a context which allows for the development of adapting dynamics. The android FACE is able to interact with the external environment, interpreting and conveying emotions through non verbal communication. FACE captures expressive and psychophysical correlates from its interlocutor and actuates behaviours following two communicative modalities of semeiology. FACE interacts with kinesics, non verbal communication conveyed by body part movements, or facial expressions, and so on, taking into account the proxemic space. FACE's goal is define and test a therapeutic protocol for autism in order to enhance social and emotive abilities in people with autism. Data regarding our latest clinical study are reported. The clinical study was aimed at verifying FACE's capabilities in enhancing imitative skills and shared attention in subjects with autism. In particular, we monitored their attention towards FACE and then we checked if the android remains a restricted and repetitive interest or an object to share with the therapist. The study involved an experimental group, composed of 4 children with autism. The participants were diagnosed using ADI-R and ADOS-G, two specific diagnostic instruments. The experimental set up consisted of a specially equipped room provided with two remotely orientable cameras in which the subject, under the supervision of a therapist, can interact with FACE. During twenty minutes sessions, we observed both spontaneous behavior of the participants and their reactions to therapists presses in correlation with the time course of the physiological and behavioural data. The participants showed a spontaneous ability of imitation of the head and facial movements of the android. Moreover we observed that the children with autism focused their attention towards FACE's eye movements following verbal suggestions from the therapist.
Evaluation of Specialty Lipids Based on Fish Oil and Capric Acid on Blood Lipid Chemistry Using Animal Models

This study aimed to produce new generation of fats or oils, known as specialty lipids, from enzymatic reaction of fish oil rich in Omega-3 fatty acids, serving as a source of essential fatty acids, and a medium-chain fatty acid (Capric acid, C10:0), for rapid energy release, using self-designed bioreactor. The beneficial aspects of the resultant specialty lipids (SL) on blood lipid chemistry were evaluated using animal models. Serum lipids were analyzed for lipid profile. Animals in the three treatments: Group 1 fed with corn oil, Group 2 fed with a physical blend (PB) of fish oil (FO) and capric acid (CA); and Group 3 fed with specialty lipids (SL) showed a significant (p 0.05) in HDL-c level after 60 days of treatment. Although SL caused an increase in HDL-c level but lower than CO. Animals in CO group showed insignificant increase (p > 0.05) in the level of LDL-c, whereas SL did not cause any change in LDL-c level. On the other hand, the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) is considerably (p 0.05) concerning TAG, TC, and LDL-c levels, but the only difference between these two groups was in the HDL-c level. The weight of animals was increasing with time in animals fed CO, while it was decreasing with time for animals fed PB and SL. The difference in percent body change between SL and CO was significant (p < 0.05) after 8 weeks of treatment.
Size Bounds for Factorised Representations of Query Results

We study two succinct representation systems for relational data based on relational algebra expressions with unions, Cartesian products, and singleton relations: f-representations, which employ algebraic factorisation using distributivity of product over union, and d-representations, which are f-representations where further succinctness is brought by explicit sharing of repeated subexpressions. In particular we study such representations for results of conjunctive queries. We derive tight asymptotic bounds for representation sizes and present algorithms to compute representations within these bounds. We compare the succinctness of f-representations and d-representations for results of equi-join queries, and relate them to fractional edge covers and fractional hypertree decompositions of the query hypergraph. Recent work showed that f-representations can significantly boost the performance of query evaluation in centralised and distributed settings and of machine learning tasks.
A Corpus Approach for Opinion Mining to Improve the Performance Using Averaging

Opinion mining is one of the Natural Language Processing (NLP) which helps user to interact with the computer in user (i.e. natural) languages. The customer’s reviews and opinion mining has become one of the wealthily areas in data mining. Nowadays as the enormous development of using web applications and sites provides a good platform for the customers to express their opinions directly on online shopping and company web sites like Cnet.com, Amazon.com etc., customers opinion becomes the helpful tools to manufacturers for assessment, finding satisfying proportion and limitation of the products. Recently many works are processed on this area of opinion mining, using different techniques. The urbanized techniques are good but still there are many challenges and obstacles found. In this paper, we collected opinions of various users from various review sites and constructed a corpus to perform classification and the challenges that face the opinion mining. This approach is tested on social networking reviews such as product reviews, movie reviews and MySpace comments. The classification approach can improve the effectiveness in terms of micro averaging and macro averaging.
Work Intensification and the Work-Home Interface: The Moderating Effect of Individual Work-Home Segmentation Strategies and Organizational Segmentation Supplies

Abstract. Two studies examined the main and interactive effects of work intensification and work-home segmentation (WHS) on work-to-home conflict (WHC) and enrichment (WHE). In Study 1 (N = 201), work intensification was positively related to WHC and negatively related to WHE. Moreover, WHS, assessed as an organizational supply, was associated with less WHC and reduced the negative relation between work intensification and WHE. In Study 2 (N = 169), these findings were partially replicated: work intensification and WHS, assessed as a boundary management strategy, were related to WHC. In terms of interactive effects, work intensification was associated with more time-based WHC and less WHE-development in the case of work-home integration but with more WHE affect in the case of WHS.
Autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in stroke patients

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation improves recovery from ischemic stroke in animals. We examined the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of cell therapy using culture‐expanded autologous MSCs in patients with ischemic stroke. We prospectively and randomly allocated 30 patients with cerebral infarcts within the middle cerebral arterial territory and with severe neurological deficits into one of two treatment groups: the MSC group (n = 5) received intravenous infusion of 1 × 108 autologous MSCs, whereas the control group (n = 25) did not receive MSCs. Changes in neurological deficits and improvements in function were compared between the groups for 1 year after symptom onset. Neuroimaging was performed serially in five patients from each group. Outcomes improved in MSC‐treated patients compared with the control patients: the Barthel index (p = 0.011, 0.017, and 0.115 at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively) and modified Rankin score (p = 0.076, 0.171, and 0.286 at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively) of the MSC group improved consistently during the follow‐up period. Serial evaluations showed no adverse cell‐related, serological, or imaging‐defined effects. In patients with severe cerebral infarcts, the intravenous infusion of autologous MSCs appears to be a feasible and safe therapy that may improve functional recovery. Ann Neurol 2005;57:874–882
Novel VAMPIRE algorithms for quantitative analysis of the retinal vasculature

This paper summarizes three recent, novel algorithms developed within VAMPIRE, namely optic disc and macula detection, arteryvein classification, and enhancement of binary vessel masks, and their performance assessment. VAMPIRE is an international collaboration growing a suite of software tools to allow efficient quantification of morphological properties of the retinal vasculature in large collections of fundus camera images. VAMPIRE measurements are currently mostly used in biomarker research, i.e., investigating associations between the morphology of the retinal vasculature and a number of clinical and cognitive conditions.
Inhibition of rat mammary gland chemical carcinogenesis by dietary dehydroepiandrosterone or a fluorinated analogue of dehydroepiandrosterone.

The chemopreventive efficacy of p.o. administered dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA plus N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), or 16 alpha-fluoro-5-androsten-17-one (DHEA analogue 8354) was examined in rats treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU; 50 mg/kg body weight, i.v.) at 50 days of age. Semipurified diet (AIN-76A) containing each steroid alone, or DHEA plus 4-HPR, was administered during initiation (-1 week to +1 week post-MNU), promotion/progression (+1 week post-MNU to termination), or both phases (-1 week post-MNU to termination) of the carcinogenic process. Neither DHEA nor DHEA analogue 8354 (0.2%, w/w) significantly affected the initiation of mammary cancer when administered alone; however, DHEA (0.2%, w/w) plus 4-HPR (1 mmol/kg diet) significantly reduced cancer multiplicity (26%) when given during initiation. All three treatments were strongly effective when given during promotion/progression, significantly reducing mammary cancer multiplicity by 77% (DHEA), 84% (DHEA/4-HPR), and 66% (DHEA analogue 8354), relative to carcinogen controls. Cancer incidence was significantly inhibited by DHEA (33% inhibition) and DHEA/4-HPR (24% reduction) during promotion/progression. However, the most effective chemopreventive treatment encompassed both phases of carcinogenesis. Thus, under these conditions, DHEA (0.2% or 0.1%, w/w) reduced cancer incidence (52% and 32% reductions, respectively) and multiplicity (91% and 86% reductions, respectively). Further reduction in mammary cancer incidence was observed in animals that received DHEA (both doses) plus 4-HPR (1 and 0.5 mmol/kg diet, respectively). DHEA analogue 8354 (0.2% or 0.1%, w/w) given for the duration of the study reduced only cancer multiplicity (61% and 56% reductions, respectively). Tumor-related mortality was significantly lower in rats that received long-term treatment with DHEA or DHEA/4-HPR, when compared with carcinogen controls. Except for a slight, but significant, postcarcinogen decrease in the mean body weights of rats treated concomitantly with DHEA (plus or minus 4-HPR) and MNU, additional gross manifestations of steroid-induced toxicity were not observed.
HyCloud: A system for device-to-device content distribution controlled by the cloud

The exponential growing demand of mobile Internet data traffic requires a rethinking of current infrastructures and calls for innovative approaches that provide online-streaming of content to interested subscribed mobile users. We introduce a mobile system called HyCloud for device-to-device content distribution. HyCloud delivers the content from a cloud backend, and it can reduce the total amount of data transferred through the cellular network by exploiting the similarity of interests among multiple mobile users. Our preliminary real-life experiment with video streaming with a simple content scheduler shows that the system can save in average 24% (and up to 38%) of data downloaded by the cellular connection.