Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceiving the division of family work to be unfair: do social comparisons, enjoyment, and competence matter?

Past research has revealed that women, working or not, perform more family labor (i.e., housework and child care) than do men. Yet, women often do not perceive this as unfair. Drawing on the theoretical work of L. Thompson (1991) and B. Major (1993), the authors hypothesized that this paradox might be explained by women perceiving greater fairness in the lopsided division of family work (a) when they compare the amount of family work they do with other women (who perform similar amounts) rather than with the spouse; (b) when they enjoy performing family work; and/or (c) when they and their spouses believe that they are especially competent at family work. Data from a 3-panel, longitudinal study of married couples expecting their first child were consistent with the second and third predictions but not the first. Further, prospective analyses suggested that perceiving inequity in family work leads wives and husbands to make more frequent comparisons with the spouse and sometimes with same-sex others.
Critical load-shedding time calculation based on region of attraction limits

This paper proposes a simple method of calculating the critical load-shedding time in a power system governed by discrete dynamics. The algorithm is based on the identification of the region of attraction boundary of a stable equilibrium set, and its intersection with the fault-on trajectory, when a specific load-shedding scheme is applied.
The complete nucleotide sequence of hepatitis B virus, subtype adr (SRADR) and phylogenetic analysis.

We have cloned a genomic DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the complete DNA sequence was determined. The HBV (1) genomic DNA was purified from serum (2) in a patient with hepatitis who had HBe antigens (3) positive, and the adr subtype of HBV. The constructed vector with the HBV genome (SRADR) and pUC18 was amplified in Escherichia coli strain DH5 alpha, purified and sequenced with dideoxy methods using a T7 Sequencing Kit (Pharmacia LKB Biotechnology, Sweden). The DNA sequence homologies were 99.0% with ADRA (4), 97.7% with ADRC (5), 97.5% with ADRCG (6). Alignment of the region P sequences from SRADR and other HBV defined in Figure 1. To determine the phylogenetic relationships among SRADR, and HPBVCG (Chimpanzee), and other HBV, we constructed evolutionary trees (7) for their pol sequences using both neighbor-joining methods (Figure 2) and UPGMA methods (Figure 3). In both methods, SRADR, ayr and seven previously reported isolates of subtype adr clustered in a closely related group.
Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Polymorphisms Do Not Influence Frequency or Type of Infection in Adults with Chemotherapy Induced Neutropaenia

Background Mannose-binding Lectin protein (MBL) has been suggested to be relevant in the defence against infections in immunosuppressed individuals. In a Swedish adult cohort immunosuppressed from both the underlying disease and from iatrogenic treatments for their underlying disease we investigated the role of MBL in susceptibility to infection. Methods In this cross sectional, prospective study, blood samples obtained from 96 neutropaenic febrile episodes, representing 82 individuals were analysed for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MBL2 gene. Concurrent measurement of plasma MBL protein concentrations was also performed for observation of acute response during febrile episodes. Findings No association was observed between MBL2 genotype or plasma MBL concentrations, and the type or frequency of infection. Adding to the literature, we found no evidence that viral infections or co-infections with virus and bacteria would be predisposed by MBL deficiency. We further saw no correlation between MBL2 genotype and the risk of fever. However, fever duration in febrile neutropaenic episodes was negatively associated with MBL2 SNP mutations (p<0.05). Patients with MBL2 SNP mutations presented a median febrile duration of 1.8 days compared with 3 days amongst patients with wildtype MBL2 genotype. Interpretation We found no clear association between infection, or infection type to MBL2 genotypes or plasma MBL concentration, and add to the reports casting doubts on the benefit of recombinant MBL replacement therapy use during iatrogenic neutropaenia.
Nanoparticle-Delivered Multimeric Soluble CD40L DNA Combined with Toll-Like Receptor Agonists as a Treatment for Melanoma

Stimulation of CD40 or Toll-Like Receptors (TLR) has potential for tumor immunotherapy. Combinations of CD40 and TLR stimulation can be synergistic, resulting in even stronger dendritic cell (DC) and CD8+ T cell responses. To evaluate such combinations, established B16F10 melanoma tumors were injected every other day X 5 with plasmid DNA encoding a multimeric, soluble form of CD40L (pSP-D-CD40L) either alone or combined with an agonist for TLR1/2 (Pam3CSK4 ), TLR2/6 (FSL-1 and MALP2), TLR3 (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, poly(I:C)), TLR4 ( monophosphoryl lipid A, MPL), TLR7 (imiquimod), or TLR9 (Class B CpG phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG). When used by itself, pSP-D-CD40L slowed tumor growth and prolonged survival, but did not lead to cure. Of the TLR agonists, CpG and poly(I:C) also slowed tumor growth, and the combination of these two TLR agonists was more effective than either agent alone. The triple combination of intratumoral pSP-D-CD40L + CpG + poly(I:C) markedly slowed tumor growth and prolonged survival. This treatment was associated with a reduction in intratumoral CD11c+ dendritic cells and an influx of CD8+ T cells. Since intratumoral injection of plasmid DNA does not lead to efficient transgene expression, pSP-D-CD40L was also tested with cationic polymers that form DNA-containing nanoparticles which lead to enhanced intratumoral gene expression. Intratumoral injections of pSP-D-CD40L-containing nanoparticles formed from polyethylenimine (PEI) or C32 (a novel biodegradable poly(B-amino esters) polymer) in combination with CpG + poly(I:C) had dramatic antitumor effects and frequently cured mice of B16F10 tumors. These data confirm and extend previous reports that CD40 and TLR agonists are synergistic and demonstrate that this combination of immunostimulants can significantly suppress tumor growth in mice. In addition, the enhanced effectiveness of nanoparticle formulations of DNA encoding immunostimulatory molecules such as multimeric, soluble CD40L supports the further study of this technology for tumor immunotherapy.
The knowledge manager : adding value in the information age

Introduces you to the information age and shows you how to transform information into intelligence, unleashing a powerful new tool for you and your business.Authors :Steve Morris is MD of the Burton Morris Consultancy. He is the author of many successful business books.John Meed is a partner in Learner's First.Neil Svensen is founder and MD of Rufus Leonard, a design agency.
Symbolic loop parallelization for balancing I/O and memory accesses on processor arrays

Loop parallelization techniques for massively parallel processor arrays using one-level tiling are often either I/O- or memory-bounded, exceeding the target architecture's capabilities. Furthermore, if the number of available processing elements is only known at runtime - as in adaptive systems - static approaches fail. To solve these problems, we present a hybrid compile/runtime technique to symbolically parallelize loop nests with uniform dependences on multiple levels. At compile time, two novel transformations are performed: (a) symbolic hierarchical tiling followed by (b) symbolic multi-level scheduling. By tuning the size of the tiles on multiple levels, a trade-off between the necessary I/O-bandwidth and memory is possible, which facilitates obeying resource constraints. The resulting schedules are symbolic with respect to the number of tiles; thus, the number of processing elements to map onto does not need to be known at compile time. At runtime, when the number is known, a simple prolog chooses a feasible schedule with respect to I/O and memory constraints that is latency-optimal for the chosen tile size. In this way, our approach dynamically chooses latency-optimal and feasible schedules while avoiding expensive re-compilations.
Shape calculus and finite element method in smooth domains

The use of finite elements in smooth domains leads naturally to polyhedral or piecewise polynomial approximations of the boundary. Hence the approximation error consists of two parts: the geometric part and the finite element part. We propose to exploit this decomposition in the error analysis by introducing an auxiliary problem defined in a polygonal domain approximating the original smooth domain. The finite element part of the error can be treated in the standard way. To estimate the geometric part of the error, we need quantitative estimates related to perturbation of the geometry. We derive such estimates using the techniques developed for shape sensitivity analysis.
Pathogenic CD8 T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Experimental Models

A growing body of evidence suggests that autoreactive CD8 T cells contribute to the disease process in multiple sclerosis (MS). Lymphocytes in MS plaques are biased toward the CD8 lineage, and MS patients harbor CD8 T cells specific for multiple central nervous system (CNS) antigens. Currently, there are relatively few experimental model systems available to study these pathogenic CD8 T cells in vivo. However, the few studies that have been done characterizing the mechanisms used by CD8 T cells to induce CNS autoimmunity indicate that several of the paradigms of how CD4 T cells mediate CNS autoimmunity do not hold true for CD8 T cells or for patients with MS. Thus, myelin-specific CD4 T cells are likely to be one of several important mechanisms that drive CNS disease in MS patients. The focus of this review is to highlight the current models of pathogenic CNS-reactive CD8 T cells and the molecular mechanisms these lymphocytes use when causing CNS inflammation and damage. Understanding how CNS-reactive CD8 T cells escape tolerance induction and induce CNS autoimmunity is critical to our ability to propose and test new therapies for MS.
Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Spreadable Liver Pâtés with Annatto Extract (Bixa orellana L.) and Date Palm Co-Products (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Two novel ingredients were incorporated into spreadable liver pâtés to study their effect on physicochemical and sensory characteristics and their possible use in the meat industry. Fresh date (Phoenix dactylifera, cv. Confitera) co-products, as a paste (0%, 2.5% and 7.5%), and annatto (Bixa orellana) extract (0 and 128 mg/kg), as a colourant, and their combinations were incorporated into liver pâtés to study their effect on the final quality. The six formulations were analysed for chemical composition, physicochemical characteristics (pH, aw, colour, emulsion stability, and texture), and sensory properties. Pâtés tolerated suitable incorporation of date paste, providing emulsifying activity and being able to counteract to some extent the emulsion destabilisation caused by the annatto. All formulations showed an acceptable sensory quality, particularly pâtés with annatto and 7.5% date paste, which was softer, juicier, and presented redness values similar to the control as well as better emulsion stability. The combined use of these novel ingredients could be used as natural ingredients.
Reconstructing the postural sway using body segment inertial parameters

1,2 Clint Hansen, 1 Brice Isableu, 2Philippe Gorce ,2Nasser Rezzoug and 3 Gentiane Venture 1 Univ. Paris-Sud. URCIAMS EA4532– Motor Control & Perception team, Orsay F-91405, France 2Univ du Sud. Toulon Var, HandiBio, EA 4322, La Garde F-83957 ; 3 Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering – GVLab, Tokyo, Japan 1 Clint Hansen; email: Clint.Hansen@u-psud.fr
Synchronicity from Synchronized Chaos

The synchronization of loosely-coupled chaotic oscillators, a phenomenon investigated intensively for the last two decades, may realize the philosophical concept of “synchronicity”—the commonplace notion that related eventsmysteriously occur at the same time. When extended to continuous media and/or large discrete arrays, and when general (non-identical) correspondences are considered between states, intermittent synchronous relationships indeed become ubiquitous. Meaningful synchronicity follows naturally if meaningful events are identified with coherent structures, defined by internal synchronization between remote degrees of freedom; a condition that has been posited as necessary for synchronizability with an external system. The important case of synchronization between mind and matter is realized if mind is analogized to a computer model, synchronizing with a sporadically observed system, as in meteorological data assimilation. Evidence for the ubiquity of synchronization is reviewed along with recent proposals that: (1) synchronization of different models of the same objective process may be an expeditious route to improved computational modeling and may also describe the functioning of conscious brains; and (2) the nonlocality in quantum phenomena implied by Bell’s theorem may be explained in a variety of deterministic (hidden variable) interpretations if the quantum world resides on a generalized synchronization “manifold”.
A Compara t ive Study on Key Phrase Ex t rac t ion

Web Site Summarization is the process af automatically generating a concise and informative summary for a given Web site. It has gained more and more a t t en t i on i n recen t Yea rs as e f f ec t i ve summarization could lead to enhanced Web information retrieval systems such as searching for Web sites. E x t r a c t i o n b a s e d a p p r o a c h e s t o W e b s i f e summarization rely on the extraction of the most significant sentences from the target Web site based on the density of a list of key phrases that best describe the entire Web site. In this wark, we benchmark five alternative key phrase extraction methods, TFIDF, KEA, Keyword, Keyterm, and Mixture, in an automatic Web site summarization framework we previously developed. We investigate the performance af these underlying methods via a farmal user study and demonstrate that Keyterm is the best chaice for key phrase extraction while Mixture shauld be used to obtain key sentences. We also discuss why one method performs better than another and what could be done to further improve the summarizatian system. Categories and Subj ect Descr iptors H.3. 1 [Contart Analydsand Indexing]; Linguistic processing | . 2.7 [Natural L anguage Processi ng] General Terms Web contcnt analysis. Web page slttttmarization, Web informllt ir-rn t c l r i r ' \ i . r l \ \ \ len l \ cr rnt r 'n t l rgg rcgal i r r t t
Assessing Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticides by Biomonitoring in Epidemiologic Studies of Birth Outcomes

For epidemiologic studies that evaluate the relation between potential exposures to environmental chemicals and adverse outcomes, accurate assessments of exposures and health outcomes are needed. Three prospective cohort studies recently evaluated the relation between exposure, as assessed by biomonitoring, of pregnant women to organophosphorus pesticides and several birth outcomes. Here these three studies are compared in terms of the exposure scenarios and exposure assessments. The primary focus is on the exposure assessments, all of which employ biomonitoring but use different approaches, which may contribute to the different findings. These approaches and how they may contribute to different relations between exposure and birth outcomes are examined.
Modeling Symmetric Macromolecular Structures in Rosetta3

Symmetric protein assemblies play important roles in many biochemical processes. However, the large size of such systems is challenging for traditional structure modeling methods. This paper describes the implementation of a general framework for modeling arbitrary symmetric systems in Rosetta3. We describe the various types of symmetries relevant to the study of protein structure that may be modeled using Rosetta's symmetric framework. We then describe how this symmetric framework is efficiently implemented within Rosetta, which restricts the conformational search space by sampling only symmetric degrees of freedom, and explicitly simulates only a subset of the interacting monomers. Finally, we describe structure prediction and design applications that utilize the Rosetta3 symmetric modeling capabilities, and provide a guide to running simulations on symmetric systems.
Effects of Trunk Restraint Combined With Intensive Task Practice on Poststroke Upper Extremity Reach and Function: A Pilot Study

Background. Poststroke reaching is characterized by excessive trunk motion and abnormal shoulder—elbow coordination. Little attention is typically given to arm—trunk kinematics during task practice. Preventing compensatory trunk motion during short-term practice immediately improves kinematics, but effects of longer-term practice are unknown. Objective. This study compared the effects of intensive task practice with and without trunk restraint on poststroke reaching kinematics and function. Methods. A total of 11 individuals with chronic stroke, baseline Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment scores 26 to 54, were randomized to 2 constraint-therapy intervention groups. All participants wore a mitt on the unaffected hand for 90% of waking hours over 14 days and participated in 10 days/6 hours/day of supervised progressive task practice. During supervised sessions, one group trained with a trunk restraint (preventing anterior trunk motion) and one group did not. Tasks for the trunk-restraint group were located to afford repeated use of a shoulder flexion—elbow extension reaching pattern. Outcome measures included kinematics of unrestrained targeted reaching and tests of functional arm ability. Results. Posttraining, the trunk-restraint group demonstrated straighter reach trajectories (P = .000) and less trunk displacement (P = .001). The trunk-restraint group gained shoulder flexion (P = .006) and elbow extension (P = .022) voluntary ranges of motion, the nonrestraint group did not. Posttraining angle—angle plots illustrated that individuals from the trunk-restraint group transitioned from elbow flexion to elbow extension during mid-reach; individuals in the nonrestraint group retained pretraining movement strategies. Both groups gained functional arm ability (P < .05 all tests). Conclusion. Intensive task practice structured to prevent compensatory trunk movements and promote shoulder flexion—elbow extension coordination may reinforce development of “normal” reaching kinematics.
Migraine: is it related to hormonal disturbances or stress?

Background Common neurological syndrome (migraine without aura) is more common among women than men. Migraine is among the top 20 causes of disability. Menstruation is known to be a powerful trigger for migraine, and so is stress, but the presentation of headache is similar in both. Also, women are more vulnerable to stress as well as migraine, and this makes a complex relationship of menstruation, stress, and migraine. Objective This study was done to understand the association of hormonal fluctuation in menstruation and stress with common migraine. Materials and methods A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in 40 young adult females, of whom 20 participants were cases of migraine without aura (18–35 years old), and the remaining 20 participants were age-matched controls. The study was done in Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi. Study participants were selected on the basis of International Headache Society (ICHD-IIA1.1) (2004) classification. Study participants with neurological disorders, chronic diseases, and disease suggestive of any hormonal disturbances were excluded. Clinically diagnosed migraine cases were asked to maintain a headache diary and to fill in the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales questionnaire. Biochemical assessment of hormonal status for thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, estrogen, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin was also done on the second day of their menstrual cycle. We used the Mann–Whitney U test to compare hormonal levels and the χ2 test to compare anxiety- or depression-related stress among the migraine and nonmigraine groups. Results Significantly higher values of prolactin were observed in cases (mean ± standard deviation, 152.7 mIU/L±30.5) compared to controls (76.1 mIU/L±8.7), with a P-value <0.001. There was no statistically significant difference observed in levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (P=0.081), estrogen (P=0.086), luteinizing hormone (P=0.091), or follicle-stimulating hormone (P=0.478). Also, anxiety with stress or depression with stress was significantly higher among the migraine group than the controls (P=0.002). Odds of any stress in migraine were higher in the migraine group than in the nonmigraine group (odds ratio 12, 95% confidence interval 2.7–53.33). Conclusion Migraine, particularly without aura, in women is mainly associated with stress-related anxiety or depression, and are more susceptible to stress in the premenstrual period.
Research on barrage distribution strategy based on earliest deadline first algorithm

Aimed at the high requirements of real-time in barrage video system, a barrage distribution strategy based on the earliest deadline first algorithm is proposed in this paper, which distributes all the barrages in the system to balance the best of the barrage completion rate and the completion rate of important barrages. The system will assign dynamic priority level to each new arrival barrage, and calculate the preemption threshold and preemption coefficient according to the fuzzy threshold rule to judge whether the ongoing barrage task is preempted by the new arrival barrage task or not. The waiting time delay is predicted according to queuing theory.
Efficient Computation of Diverse Query Results

We study the problem of efficiently computing diverse query results in online shopping applications, where users specify queries through a form interface that allows a mix of structured and content-based selection conditions. Intuitively, the goal of diverse query answering is to return a representative set of top-k answers from all the tuples that satisfy the user selection condition. For example, if a user is searching for Honda cars and we can only display five results, we wish to return cars from five different Honda models, as opposed to returning cars from only one or two Honda models. A key contribution of this paper is to formally define the notion of diversity, and to show that existing score based techniques commonly used in web applications are not sufficient to guarantee diversity. Another contribution of this paper is to develop novel and efficient query processing techniques that guarantee diversity. Our experimental results using Yahoo! Autos data show that our proposed techniques are scalable and efficient.
Imaging techniques for cable network structures

Imaging techniques are presented for developing interactive computer display of cable network structures on a microcomputer such as the IBM PS/2®. These structures create surfaces formed by an orthogonal mesh of cables and are primarily loaded normal to the surface. A three‐dimensional perspective representation of network structures is developed for fast drawing of cable structures on microcomputers.