Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A cDNA clone encoding HBP-1b homologue in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Our researches on the transcriptional regulation of wheat histone H3 gene have revealed the presence of several cis- and trans-acting factors (1). One of the best characterized regulatory sequences is the hexameric motif, ACGTCA (2), and we have identified two distinct hexamer-specific DNA-binding proteins, HBP-la and HBP-lb, in wheat (3). HBP-lb can bind to the hexameric motifs found in the CaMV35S and NOS promoters as well as the hexameric motif of the H3 promoter, whereas the HBP-la binds exclusively to the H3 promoter (3, 4). We have already isolated cDNA clones encoding HBP-la and HBP-lb from wheat (5, 6). Structural analyses of the cDNAs revealed that both proteins are member of bZIP-type transcription factors (7). HBP-lb-like factors capable of binding to the hexameric (or related) motif of several T-DNA and plant viral gene promoters have been found as OCSTF in maize (8) and as ASF-l in tobacco (9), and their cognate cDNAs, OCSBF-1, -2 (10), and TGAla (11), have been isolated. All of these have bZIP domains and similar DNA-binding specificity. This prompted us to speculate the genes of HBP-lb homologues may widely be present in various plant species. Isolation ofthe HBP-lb
Cymetra Injection for Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis

Cymetra has shown excellent tissue biocompatibility, a low rate of resorption, and no tissue reactivity when injected for treatment of facial wrinkling. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesize that injection of Cymetra into the thyroarytenoid muscle for treatment of glottal incompetence may demonstrate similar findings and lead to long-term improvement in voice quality and glottal gap closure. Ten patients with breathy dysphonia caused by unilateral vocal fold paralysis underwent transoral injection of Cymetra into the thyroarytenoid muscle. Each subject underwent preoperative and postoperative acoustic analysis, aerodynamic measures, taped voice sampling, and videostroboscopy. Significant improvements were identified in maximum phonation time, relative glottal area, and subjective judgment of glottal competency. These results were not maintained at the 3-month study interval. No significant change in quantitative or subjective voice quality was noted for the study group during the investigation. Resorption of Cymetra may play a significant role in contributing to these findings.
Grounded innovation

I suspect there are many engineers that wish they could find the answer to " How will you design the next big thing? " The book's back cover, which poses this question, also promises that the reader will " learn how to create a digital product that has an effect on the world ". Well, this is certainly not the first time that a book's cover promises a bit more than the book itself can deliver. It's still a book you should consider reading if you are looking for inspiration on how ideas for digital products can be generated. The book is sprinkled with nuggets of interesting observations, concepts, and stories that make it a worthwhile read, and the author's tone is entertaining as well.
Mouse emi1 Has an Essential Function in Mitotic Progression during Early Embryogenesis†

For successful mitotic entry and spindle assembly, mitosis-promoting factors are activated at the G 2 /M transition stage, followed by stimulation of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to direct the ordered destruction of several critical mitotic regulators. Given that inhibition of APC activity is important for preventing premature or improper ubiquitination and destruction of substrates, several mod-ulators and their regulation mechanisms have been studied. Emi1, an early mitotic inhibitor, is one of these regulatory factors. Here we show, by analyzing Emi1-deﬁcient embryos, that Emi1 is essential for precise mitotic progression during early embryogenesis. Emi1 (cid:1) / (cid:1) embryos were found to be lethal due to a defect in preimplantation development. Cell proliferation appeared to be normal, but mitotic progression was severely defective during embryonic cleavage. Moreover, multipolar spindles and misaligned chromosomes were frequently observed in Emi1 mutant cells,
Analysis of synchronization performance in redundant networks for substation automation

In modern real-time Ethernet networks for substation automation, several protocols are adopted to guarantee the strict synchronization and availability requirements imposed by applications. The management of these networks is more and more complex, since several (cross-influencing) configuration parameters affect the performance of the overall system. In this paper the attention has been focused on synchronization systems applied to redundant network infrastructures for substation automation: in these systems the reconfiguration of the network after a fault may affect the synchronization performance of the nodes. As a test case the SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) synchronization has been simulated (with different fault conditions) using two network topologies typically adopted in Substation Automation Systems: RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol) and PRP (Parallel Redundancy Protocol). The performance of the two cases has been compared by means of suitable metrics: PRP, as opposed to RSTP, guarantees seamless synchronization performance in case of a single fault.
Evaluating Humorous Features: Towards a Humour Taxonomy

The importance of the analysis of processes related to cognitive phenomena through Natural Language Processing techniques is acquiring a greater relevance every day. Opinion Mining, Sentiment Analysis or Automatic Humour Recognition are a sample about how this kind of research works grows. In this paper we focus on the study of how the features that define a corpus of humorous data (one-liners) may be used for obtaining a set of parameters that allow us to build a primitive taxonomy of humour. We analyse, through several experiments, a set of well-known features defined in the literature, besides a set of new ones, in order to determine the importance of each one for a humour taxonomy. An evaluation of all the features was performed by means of an automatic classification task over a collection of humorous blogs. The results obtained show that some of the features may represent elemental information for the purpose of creating a humour taxonomy.
Effect of carbohydrase and protease on growth performance and gut health of young broilers fed diets containing rye, wheat, and feather meal

&NA; An experiment was conducted to characterize a gut health challenge model consisting of a diet containing rye, wheat, and feather meal and a mild mixed‐species Eimeria challenge, and to evaluate the effect of carbohydrase and protease on growth performance and gut health of young broilers. The study included 4 treatments: negative control, carbohydrase alone, protease alone, and combination of carbohydrase and protease. Each test diet was fed to 18 battery pens of broilers with 8 male birds per pen from 0 to 22 d of age. Carbohydrase improved body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) on d 7, 14, and 21(P < 0.01). Protease increased body weight on d 7 and 21 and improved 0 to 7 d FCR (P < 0.05). More lymphocyte infiltration was observed in small intestine mucosa of negative control birds on d 8, carbohydrase supplementation lessened this. Both carbohydrase and protease reduced digesta viscosity on d 22 with the carbohydrase effect being the greater of the two, and the combination effect was not different from the carbohydrase effect alone (P < 0.01). Ileal Clostridium perfringens of 15‐day‐old broilers was decreased by carbohydrase, a further reduction was achieved by combining carbohydrase with protease (P = 0.01). Liver vitamin E concentration on d 15 (P < 0.01) and 22 (P = 0.02) was increased by carbohydrase, and the carbohydrase effect was greater in the presence of protease on d 22 (P = 0.04). Plasma &agr;‐1‐acid glycoprotein level and liver Zn and Cu concentrations of broilers were reduced by carbohydrase on d 15 (P < 0.01). Broilers fed carbohydrase had higher levels of plasma zeaxanthin on d 22 and higher levels of plasma lutein on d 15 and 22 (P < 0.01). In summary, a rye wheat based diet containing feather meal when fed to broilers in addition to a mild Eimeria challenge induced subclinical enteritis characterized by digestion inefficiency, dysbacteriosis, inflammation, and gut barrier failure; carbohydrase and protease could be effective tools to improve growth performance and gut health of broilers suffering from this type of subclinical enteritis.
Frailty in Four Ethnic Groups in South Florida

vailing of innate immunity, the failing of clonotypic immunity, and the filling of immunological space. Vaccine 2000;18:1717–1720. 3. Franceschi C, Monti D, Sansoni P et al. The immunology of exceptional individuals: The lesson of centenarians. Immunol Today 1995;16:12–16. 4. Archbald-Pannone L, Sevilleja JE, Guerrant R. Diarrhea, Clostridium difficile, and intestinal inflammation in residents of a long-term care facility. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2010;11:263–267. 5. Kuo H, Al Snih S, Kuo Y et al. Chronic inflammation, albuminuria, and functional disability in older adults with cardiovascular disease: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2008. Atherosclerosis 2012;222:502–508.
Multilevel metal capacitance models for CAD design synthesis systems

An empirical model for multilevel interconnect capacitance is presented. This is the first model that allows designers to compute capacitances of arbitrary complex metal geometries. Such flexibility is achieved by a novel strategy of constructing complex geometries from simple primitive cells. Agreement with accurate simulations and measurements is within 8% over an extensive range of dimensions. <<ETX>>
Gastrointestinal parasites of the chimpanzee population introduced onto Rubondo Island National Park, Tanzania

The release of any species into a novel environment can evoke transmission of parasites that do not normally parasitize the host as well as potentially introducing new parasites into the environment. Species introductions potentially incur such risks, yet little is currently known about the parasite fauna of introduced primate species over the long term. We describe the results of long‐term monitoring of the intestinal parasite fauna of an unprovisioned, reproducing population of chimpanzees introduced 40 years earlier (1966–1969) onto Rubondo Island in Lake Victoria, Tanzania, a non‐native habitat for chimpanzees. Two parasitological surveys (March 1997–October 1998 and October 2002–December 2005) identified Entamoeba spp. including E. coli, Iodamoeba buetschlii, Troglodytella abrassarti, Chilomastix mesnili, Trichuris sp. , Anatrichosoma sp. , Strongyloides spp. , Strongylida fam. gen. sp. , Enterobius anthropopitheci, Subulura sp. , Ascarididae gen. sp. , and Protospirura muricola. The parasite fauna of the Rubondo chimpanzees is similar to wild chimpanzees living in their natural habitats, but Rubondo chimpanzees have a lower prevalence of strongylids (9%, 3.8%) and a higher prevalence of E. anthropopitheci (8.6%, 17.9%) than reported elsewhere. Species prevalence was similar between our two surveys, with the exception of Strongyloides spp. being higher in the first survey. None of these species are considered to pose a serious health risk to chimpanzees, but continued monitoring of the population and surveys of the parasitic fauna of the two coinhabitant primate species and other animals, natural reservoir hosts of some of the same parasites, is important to better understand the dynamics of host–parasite ecology and potential long‐term implications for chimpanzees introduced into a new habitat. Am. J. Primatol. 72:307–316, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring Blueberry Aroma Complexity by Chromatographic and Direct-Injection Spectrometric Techniques

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruit consumption has increased over the last 5 years, becoming the second most important soft fruit species after strawberry. Despite the possible economic and sensory impact, the blueberry volatile organic compound (VOC) composition has been poorly investigated. Thus, the great impact of the aroma on fruit marketability stimulates the need to step forward in the understanding of this quality trait. Beside the strong effect of ripening, blueberry aroma profile also varies due to the broad genetic differences among Vaccinium species that have been differently introgressed in modern commercial cultivars through breeding activity. In the present study, divided into two different activities, the complexity of blueberry aroma was explored by an exhaustive untargeted VOC analysis, performed by two complementary methods: SPME-GC-MS (solid phase microextraction- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and PTR-ToF-MS (proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometry). The first experiment was aimed at determining the VOC modifications during blueberry ripening for five commercially representative cultivars ("Biloxi," "Brigitta Blue," "Centurion," "Chandler," and "Ozark Blue") harvested at four ripening stages (green, pink, ripe, and over-ripe) to outline VOCs dynamic during fruit development. The objective of the second experiment was to confirm the analytical capability of PTR-ToF-MS to profile blueberry genotypes and to identify the most characterizing VOCs. In this case, 11 accessions belonging to different Vaccinium species were employed: V. corymbosum L. ("Brigitta," "Chandler," "Liberty," and "Ozark Blue"), V. virgatum Aiton ("Centurion," "Powder Blue," and "Sky Blue"), V. myrtillus L. (three wild genotypes of different mountain locations), and one accession of V. cylindraceum Smith. This comprehensive characterization of blueberry aroma allowed the identification of a wide pull of VOCs, for the most aldehydes, alcohols, terpenoids, and esters that can be used as putative biomarkers to rapidly evaluate the blueberry aroma variations related to ripening and/or senescence as well as to genetic background differences. Moreover, the obtained results demonstrated the complementarity between chromatographic and direct-injection mass spectrometric techniques to study the blueberry aroma.
Optimal Stabilizing Controller for the Region of Weak Attraction under the Influence of Disturbances

This paper considers an optimal stabilization problem of quantitative discrete event systems (DESs) under the influence of disturbances. We model a DES by a deterministic weighted automaton. The control cost is concerned with the sum of the weights along the generated trajectories reaching the target state. The region of weak attraction is the set of states of the system such that all trajectories starting from them can be controlled to reach a specified set of target states and stay there indefinitely. An optimal stabilizing controller is a controller that drives the states in this region to the set of target states with minimum control cost and keeps them there. We consider two control objectives: to minimize the worst-case control cost (1) subject to all enabled trajectories and (2) subject to the enabled trajectories starting by controllable events. Moreover, we consider the disturbances which are uncontrollable events that rarely occur in the real system but may degrade the control performance when they occur. We propose a linearithmic time algorithm for the synthesis of an optimal stabilizing controller which is robust to disturbances. key words: stabilization, state attraction, quantitative discrete event systems, state feedback controllers, optimal control
Architecture of Polyglutamine-containing Fibrils from Time-resolved Fluorescence Decay

Background: Large polyglutamine-rich inclusions are hallmarks of CAG repeat pathologies. Results: Sensitive time-resolved fluorescent decay measurements combined with Monte Carlo simulations reveal the architecture of polyglutamine amyloid fibrils. Conclusion: Polyglutamine stretches are β-stranded in monomers and are organized into layered β-sheets with alternating N termini in amyloid fibrils. Significance: This sensitive approach can be routinely used to characterize the effect of new amyloid therapeutics. The disease risk and age of onset of Huntington disease (HD) and nine other repeat disorders strongly depend on the expansion of CAG repeats encoding consecutive polyglutamines (polyQ) in the corresponding disease protein. PolyQ length-dependent misfolding and aggregation are the hallmarks of CAG pathologies. Despite intense effort, the overall structure of these aggregates remains poorly understood. Here, we used sensitive time-dependent fluorescent decay measurements to assess the architecture of mature fibrils of huntingtin (Htt) exon 1 implicated in HD pathology. Varying the position of the fluorescent labels in the Htt monomer with expanded 51Q (Htt51Q) and using structural models of putative fibril structures, we generated distance distributions between donors and acceptors covering all possible distances between the monomers or monomer dimensions within the polyQ amyloid fibril. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we systematically scanned all possible monomer conformations that fit the experimentally measured decay times. Monomers with four-stranded 51Q stretches organized into five-layered β-sheets with alternating N termini of the monomers perpendicular to the fibril axis gave the best fit to our data. Alternatively, the core structure of the polyQ fibrils might also be a zipper layer with antiparallel four-stranded stretches as this structure showed the next best fit. All other remaining arrangements are clearly excluded by the data. Furthermore, the assessed dimensions of the polyQ stretch of each monomer provide structural evidence for the observed polyQ length threshold in HD pathology. Our approach can be used to validate the effect of pharmacological substances that inhibit or alter amyloid growth and structure.
Determination of the fluxes in the central metabolism of Corynebacterium glutamicum by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with metabolite balancing

To determine the in vivo fluxes of the central metabolism we have developed a comprehensive approach exclusively based on the fundamental enzyme reactions known to be present, the fate of the carbon atoms of individual reactions, and the metabolite balance of the culture. No information on the energy balance is required, nor information on enzyme activities, or the directionalities of reactions. Our approach combines the power of 1H‐detected 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to follow individual carbons with the simplicity of establishing carbon balances of bacterial cultures. We grew a lysine‐producing strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum to the metabolic and isotopic steady state with [1‐13C]glucose and determined the fractional enrichments in 27 carbon atoms of 11 amino acids isolated from the cell. Since precursor metabolites of the central metabolism are incorporated in an exactly defined manner in the carbon skeleton of amino acids, the fractional enrichments in carbons of precursor metabolites (oxaloacetate, glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate, erythrose 4‐phosphate, etc.) became directly accessible. A concise and generally applicable mathematical model was established using matrix calculus to express all metabolite mass and carbon labeling balances. An appropriate all‐purpose software for the iterative solution of the equations is supplied. Applying this comprehensive methodology to C. glutamicum, all major fluxes within the central metabolism were determined. The result is that the flux through the pentose phosphate pathway is 66.4% (relative to the glucose input flux of 1.49 mmol/g dry weight h), that of entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle 62.2%, and the contribution of the succinylase pathway of lysine synthesis 13.7%. Due to the large amount and high quality of measured data in vivo exchange reactions could also be quantitated with particularly high exchange rates within the pentose phosphate pathway for the ribose 5‐phosphate transketolase reaction. Moreover, the total net flux of the anaplerotic reactions was quantitated as 38.0%. Most importantly, we found that in vivo one component within these anaplerotic reactions is a back flux from the carbon 4 units of the tricarboxylic acid cycle to the carbon 3 units of glycolysis of 30.6%. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Progranulin (acrogranin/PC cell‐derived growth factor/granulin‐epithelin precursor) is expressed in the placenta, epidermis, microvasculature, and brain during murine development

The growth factor progranulin (acrogranin/PC‐derived growth factor/granulin‐epithelin precursor) promotes onset of blastocyst cavitation and is required for neonatal hypothalamic sexual differentiation. Little is known, however, of the range of developmental processes in which it is involved. We used in situ hybridization to investigate progranulin expression in murine embryos. Progranulin mRNA is expressed in maternal and embryonic components during early establishment of pregnancy. Abundant expression is observed in the early decidualizing uterine stroma and glands. In the embryo, the trophoblast giant cells at the interface of placental exchange sites (both choriovitelline and chorioallantoic placenta) show strong expression. The gastrulating epiblast and mesenchyme (intraembryonic and extraembryonic mesenchyme) all revealed activity. The allantois and yolk sac mesenchyme (site of early hemopoiesis) were positive, as were later phases of active vessel formation (pia mater of brain, epicardium of the heart). In the urogenital system, it was expressed in Sertoli cells and in kidney tubules. It was highly expressed in proliferating epidermal cells. During epidermal appendage formation, the early epithelial bud was positive, but the forming duct and differentiating adjacent mesenchyme was negative. It is widely distributed during central nervous system development and the peripheral nervous system (dorsal root ganglia and sympathetic ganglia). Based on the pattern of progranulin gene expression, we propose proliferative and developmental roles for progranulin in establishing pregnancy, during gastrulation, and during embryonic development of the epidermis, nervous system, blood vessel, formation, and spermatogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 593–599, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Climate Change, Weather Shocks and Violent Conflict: A Critical Look at the Evidence

We use cross-country data to explore whether temperature and rainfall shocks trigger violent conflict, or not. We include a wide range of country and time samples, and explore whether the impact of weather shocks is conditional on income or political regimes. Our overall conclusion is sobering. Notwithstanding the attention this topic has attracted from the media and policy makers, we find little robust evidence linking weather shocks to the onset of conflict.