Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia AltitudeOmics : enhanced cerebrovascular reactivity and ventilatory response to CO 2 with high-altitude acclimatization and reexposure

Jui-Lin Fan, Andrew W. Subudhi, Oghenero Evero, Nicolas Bourdillon, Bengt Kayser, Andrew T. Lovering, and Robert C. Roach Institute of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lemanic Neuroscience Doctoral School, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Altitude Research Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Biology; University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado; and Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
Coordinated Multihop Scheduling in IEEE802.11E Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

To provide QoS guarantees to a variety of traffic types is becoming a key feature for the success of wireless LANs. In this paper, we contribute to this issue by proposing a framework under which the nodes in an IEEE 802.11e ad hoc network may cooperate to provide the user with the desired QoS level
A molecularly defined iron-catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes.

A selective iron-based catalyst system for the hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes to allylic alcohols is presented. Applying the defined iron-tetraphos complex [FeF(L)][BF4] (L = P(PhPPh2)3) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid a broad range of aldehydes are reduced in high yields using low catalyst loadings (0.05-1 mol %). Excellent chemoselectivity for the reduction of aldehydes in the presence of other reducible moieties, for example, ketones, olefins, esters, etc. is achieved. Based on the in situ detected hydride species [FeH(H2)(L)](+) a catalytic cycle is proposed that is supported by computational calculations.
Sodium chloride vs. sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast medium-induced nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial.

AIMS The most effective regimen for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains uncertain. Our purpose was to compare two regimens of sodium bicarbonate with 24 h sodium chloride 0.9% infusion in the prevention of CIN. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a prospective, randomized trial between March 2005 and December 2009, including 258 consecutive patients with renal insufficiency undergoing intravascular contrast procedures. Patients were randomized to receive intravenous volume supplementation with either (A) sodium chloride 0.9% 1 mL/kg/h for at least 12h prior and after the procedure or (B) sodium bicarbonate (166 mEq/L) 3 mL/kg for 1 h before and 1 mL/kg/h for 6 h after the procedure or (C) sodium bicarbonate (166 mEq/L) 3 mL/kg over 20 min before the procedure plus sodium bicarbonate orally (500 mg per 10 kg). The primary endpoint was the change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) within 48 h after contrast. Secondary endpoints included the development of CIN. The maximum change in eGFR was significantly greater in Group B compared with Group A {mean difference -3.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), -6.8 to -1] mL/min/1.73 m2, P = 0.009} and similar between groups C and B [mean difference 1.3 (95% CI, -1.7-4.3) mL/min/1.73 m(2), P = 0.39]. The incidence of CIN was significantly lower in Group A (1%) vs. Group B (9%, P = 0.02) and similar between Groups B and C (10%, P = 0.9). CONCLUSION Volume supplementation with 24 h sodium chloride 0.9% is superior to sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of CIN. A short-term regimen with sodium bicarbonate is non-inferior to a 7 h regimen. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00130598.
Time division based multi-radio multi-channel MAC protocol for wireless mesh networks

The capacity problem in wireless mesh networks can be alleviated by equipping the mesh nodes with multiple radios tuned to orthogonal channels. Most of previous researches focus on the allocation of multiple channels for data transmission using single common control channel. The increasing number of nodes and traffic flows, however, will result in the bottleneck in the single common control channel and degrades system performance. To solve the problem, this paper presents a time division multi-radio multi-channel MAC protocol with multiple control channels, which intelligently allocates all available channels for both control channels and data transmission channels in a time division method through a two stage coordination: control channel allocation in a centralized way and dynamical data channel allocation in a distributed way. We demonstrate the proposed protocol through ns2 simulator with different number of orthogonal channels. The results show that the proposed protocol can improve the throughput and decrease the end-to-end delay at the same time over other conventional schemes.
A comparison of methods for collecting web citation data for academic organizations

The primary webometric method for estimating the online impact of an organization is to count links to its website. Link counts have been available from commercial search engines for over a decade but this was set to end by early 2012 and so a replacement is needed. This article compares link counts to two alternative methods: URL citations and organization title mentions. New variations of these methods are also introduced. The three methods are compared against each other using Yahoo! Two of the three methods (URL citations and organization title mentions) are also compared against each other using Bing. Evidence from a case study of 131 UK universities and 49 US Library and Information Science (LIS) departments suggests that Bing's Hit Count Estimates (HCEs) for popular title searches are not useful for webometric research but that Yahoo! 's HCEs for all three types of search and Bing's URL citation HCEs seem to be consistent. For exact URL counts the results of all three methods in Yahoo! and both methods in Bing are also consistent. Four types of accuracy factors are also introduced and defined: search engine coverage, search engine retrieval variation, search engine retrieval anomalies, and query polysemy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimal scheduling of mobile sensor networks for detection and localization of stationary contamination sources

The problem of optimal detection and localization of contamination sources in a distributed parameter system is formulated as that of maximizing the power of a parametric hypothesis test which checks whether or not system parameters have nominal values. We consider a setting where mobile nodes with sensing capabilities form a network aimed at collecting the most valuable measurements for parameter estimation of a distributed system. The framework is based on the use of the Ds-optimality criterion defined on the Fisher information matrix associated with the estimated parameters as a measure of the information content in the measurements. The approach consists in converting the problem to a canonical optimal control one in Mayer form, in which the control forces of the sensors are optimized. Numerical solutions can then be obtained using widespread numerical packages dedicated to optimal control tasks. A simulation example is presented which clearly demonstrates the presented ideas.
Cooperative Transaction Processing between Clients and Servers

Business rules are often implemented as stored procedures in a database server. These procedures are triggered by various clients, but the execution load is fully centralized on the server. We improve the overall response time and increase server throughput by balancing this load between the server and the clients. In our novel scheme, parts of the stored procedures are executed on cached data at the client. The critical issue in such a system is the trade-off between synchronization effort among clients and the server and the increase in systems performance gained by load balancing. We present an architecture using an optimistic synchronization protocol together with an algorithm for data verification at the server. The experience we gained through a detailed case study, based on a real-life eCommerce application, shows that in many situations a considerable speed-up is possible.
Predicting the conformational states of cyclic tetrapeptides.

Biologically active cyclic tetrapeptides, usually found among fungi metabolites, exhibit phytotoxic or cytostatic activities that are likely to be governed by specific conformations adopted in solution. For conformational studies and drug design, there is a strong interest in using fast and reliable methods to determine correctly the conformational population of cyclotetrapeptides. We show here that standard molecular mechanics computational approach gives satisfactory results. The method was validated step by step by experimental data either obtained after synthesis and NMR analysis, or found in the literature. The cyclo(Gly)(4), cyclo(Ala)(4), cyclo(Sar)(4), and cyclo(SarGly)(2) peptides were used to evaluate the prediction of the peptide backbone conformation, and the detailed conformational analysis of tentoxin, a natural phytotoxic cyclotetrapeptide in which N-alkylated peptide bonds alternate with regular secondary ones, was used to validate the computation of conformers proportions. From the knowledge of an initial cyclic primary structure and of the D or L configuration of the amino acids, we show that it is possible to determine the exact orientation of carbonyl groups and to predict the nature of conformers present in solution. The proportion of each conformer can be inferred from a statistical thermodynamics approach by using the potential energy values of each conformer, computed by molecular mechanics methods with the TRIPOS force field, which allowed us to account for the solvent. The solvent contribution was processed by two different methods according to the nature of the interactions: whether through the dielectric constant introduced in the electrostatic potential, when interaction with solute molecules are weak or negligible, or through the computation of free energy of solvation using the algorithm SILVERWARE for solvents explicitly interacting with the solute. When applied to tentoxin, this conformational analysis yielded results in very good agreement with the experimental data reported by Pinet et al. (Biopolymers, 1995, Vol. 36, pp. 135-152), on both the nature of existing conformers and their relative proportions, whatever the nature of the considered solvent.
Health and Nutritional Status of a Perturbed Black-Necked Swan (Cygnus melanocoryphus) Population: Diet Quality

Abstract The Cayumapu River's black-necked swan population in southern Chile lost its main dietary item, Egeria densa, during an environmental crisis which occurred in 2004 in the Carlos Andwanter Nature Sanctuary. The main goal of this study was to test the effect of diet on the physiologic response to this new ecologic challenge. The results revealed that the new diet of this population was composed primarily of roots and sedimentary microalgae, with chemical and energetic content similar to the diet of the control population. Nevertheless, the mean body mass of the Cayumapu River swans was 25% lower than that of control birds. In addition, the biochemical and hematologic profiles of the study population were indicative of malnutrition and a hyperferremic, hyperphosphatemic, and lymphopenic condition. Liver enzyme activities did not support that the malnutrition was a secondary consequence of liver dysfunction, as is expected under hemochromatosis or environmental toxics exposure.
Training Recurrent Neural Networks With the Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm for Optimal Control of a Grid-Connected Converter

This paper investigates how to train a recurrent neural network (RNN) using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm as well as how to implement optimal control of a grid-connected converter (GCC) using an RNN. To successfully and efficiently train an RNN using the LM algorithm, a new forward accumulation through time (FATT) algorithm is proposed to calculate the Jacobian matrix required by the LM algorithm. This paper explores how to incorporate FATT into the LM algorithm. The results show that the combination of the LM and FATT algorithms trains RNNs better than the conventional backpropagation through time algorithm. This paper presents an analytical study on the optimal control of GCCs, including theoretically ideal optimal and suboptimal controllers. To overcome the inapplicability of the optimal GCC controller under practical conditions, a new RNN controller with an improved input structure is proposed to approximate the ideal optimal controller. The performance of an ideal optimal controller and a well-trained RNN controller was compared in close to real-life power converter switching environments, demonstrating that the proposed RNN controller can achieve close to ideal optimal control performance even under low sampling rate conditions. The excellent performance of the proposed RNN controller under challenging and distorted system conditions further indicates the feasibility of using an RNN to approximate optimal control in practical applications.
THE REPRESENTATION AND PROCESSING OF INFLECTED FORMS IN A MULTILEVEL LEXICAL SYSTEM

Five unmasked-and four masked-priming lexical decision experiments were carried out in Spanish in order to probe the data structures and processing routines that are exploited during the comprehension of inflected words. In unmasked priming, responses to targets (e.g., mor-os 'Moors') were inhibited when they were preceded by stem-homograph primes (mor-ir 'to die') compared to unrelated control primes (sill-a 'chair'), and this inhibitory effect was over and above a weak inhibitory effect found for orthographic relative primes (moral 'moral'). Stem-homograph inhibition is interpreted as a consequence of morphological decomposition in lexical access. In additional experiments, this inhibitory effect was observed when targets were preceded by primes that were not themselves stem-homographic with the target, but rather were stem-allomorphic variants of the stem-homograph words (muer-e 'she/he/it dies'). Because target inhibition was found for primes whose inflectional stems are not strictly ambiguous in terms of form, it suggests that the inhibitory effect arises at a level where form-neutral, morphologically abstract (lemma) representations are encoded. The results observed in masked (subliminal) priming contrast with those observed in unmasked priming. When the primes were presented subliminally, stem-homograph priming (mor-ía —mor-os) was facilitative, while orthographic relative priming (moral —mor-os), was neither facilitative nor inhibitory. This was taken as further evidence that stems are decomposed at the form level, and that ambiguous decomposed stems, such as mor-, activate multiple (compatible) lemma representations during the initial stages of lexical access. Moreover, the facilitative effect observed in masked stem-homograph priming suggests that the lemma-level inhibitory mechanism implicated by stem-homograph allomorph priming should not be characterized in terms of built-in inhibitory links between certain lemmas, but rather as a mechanism that is invoked only when mutually exclusive lemma representations compete for selection as the interpretation for an ambiguous form. Furthermore, because stem-homograph priming was inhibitory when participants were aware of the primes, but facilitative when they were not, these priming results suggest that a single lemma interpretation for an ambiguous lexical form must be selected before that form can be consciously perceived as a meaningful word.
Applying Machine Learning for Solver Selection in Scheduling: A Case Study

We investigate the automated algorithm selection for a workforce scheduling problem that is solved by two different approaches. The solver based on constraint programming techniques has several advantages and it has been used successfully in the industry. However, this algorithm can not solve very large instances in a reasonable amount of time. The metaheuristic solver overcomes this limitation and is able to find solutions even for huge real wor ld instances. We apply machine learning algorithms to select the best suited solver for a particular instance based on problem features. The preliminary experimental results on application of differ ent learning techniques are presented.
Do growing degree days predict phenology across butterfly species

Global climate change is causing shifts in phenology across multiple species. We use a geographically and temporally extensive data set of butterfly abundance across the state of Ohio to ask whether phenological change can be predicted from climatological data. Our focus is on growing degree days (GDD), a commonly used measure of thermal accumulation, as the mechanistic link between climate change and species phenology. We used simple calculations of median absolute error associated with GDD and an alternative predictor of phenology, ordinal date, for both first emergence and peak abundance of 13 butterfly species. We show that GDD acts as a better predictor than date for first emergence in nearly all species, and for peak abundance in more than half of all species, especially univoltine species. Species with less ecological flexibility, in particular those with greater dietary specialization, had greater predictability with GDD. The new method we develop for predicting phenology using GDD offers a simple.
Fuzzy convergence

This work considers the problem of discovering areas of convergence of line-like shapes in an image. The motivating application is to use the convergence of the blood vessel network to automatically locate the optic nerve in an ocular fundus image. A fuzzy segment model is proposed, based on a conjecture that line-like shapes only contribute to a perception of convergence in their near neighborhood. Using this model, a voting-type method is described to compute a convergence image, which can be searched for one absolute, or one or more relative, strongest points of convergence. Results are presented for twenty ocular fundus images, with a 65% success rate for finding the optic nerve.
Screening for efflux pump systems of bacteria by the new acridine orange agar method.

AIM Development of a non-toxic, fluorescent-based, agar system for the screening of overexpressed bacterial efflux pump systems with common, inexpensive UV accessories. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wild type Gram-negative and positive bacteria expressing intrinsic efflux pumps and their progeny that overexpress a specific efflux pump were selected for evaluation of efflux pump activity in a Mueller-Hinton agar, containing increasing concentrations of the non-toxic fluorescent chromophore acridine orange (AO). The method is based on the same principle as the first-generation ethidium bromide method, according to which the concentration of the fluorescent dye that first produces fluorescence of the overlying bacterial colony represents the maximum concentration of the dye that the bacterium can extrude. The higher the concentration needed to produce fluorescence, the greater the ability of the bacterial efflux pump to extrude the dye. RESULTS Progeny of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus that over-expressed a given efflux pump fluoresced (i.e. accumulated AO) at concentrations of AO that were much greater than the ones required for the emission of fluorescence by their corresponding wild-type counterpart which expressed an intrinsic efflux pump. CONCLUSION The AO agar method readily identifies strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria that overexpress efflux pump systems compared to their wild-type progeny.
The experiences of family members who make decisions for their relatives with developmental disabilities when the individuals’ wishes are unknown

People with developmental disabilities are particularly susceptible to health challenges. If they are not capable of making treatment decisions, they rely on substitute decision makers to make decisions for them. In this research, I examined the experiences of families who have made decisions for their relatives with developmental disabilities when the individual’s wishes were unknown. Using a naturalistic, qualitative research design and an interpretive description approach, eleven family members, representing eight families who had made decisions for their relatives with developmental disabilities, were recruited in order to obtain data about their experiences. The data were analyzed in order to reconstruct current knowledge and interpret findings through a nursing theoretical lens. In my findings, I demonstrate that families of people with developmental disabilities are marginalized by the experience. They actively engage in lifelong processes and seek out community resources to support the ir relatives. The findings suggest that professionals should consider the processes, experiences and consequences of marginalization when supporting families of people with deve lopmental disabilities.
Five Frameworks for Increasing Understanding and Effective Treatment of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Predominately Inattentive Type

The article presents 5 interrelated frameworks for counselors seeking to obtain a greater understanding of factors that play a pivotal role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Special attention is devoted to cases in which the predominant characteristic is inattentiveness. The 5 frameworks examined are organicity, internalizing dimension, co-occurring conditions, personality structure, and neurocounseling. Generating new perspectives for counseling practitioners should optimize counseling or treatment outcomes for clients with this multifaceted disorder.
Helminth-related Eosinophilia in African Immigrants, Gran Canaria

Of 788 recent African adult immigrants to Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 213 (27.0%) had eosinophilia. The most frequent causes were filariasis (29.4%), schistosomiasis (17.2%), and hookworm infection (16.8%). Stool microscopy and filarial and schistosomal serologic tests gave the highest diagnostic yield. Country of origin and eosinophil count were associated with specific diagnoses.
Preliminary Version Run-Time Checking of Dynamic Properties 1

We consider a first-order property specification language for run-time monitoring of dynamic systems. The language is based on a linear-time temporal logic and offers two kinds of quantifiers to bind free variables in a formula. One kind contains the usual first-order quantifiers that provide for replication of properties for dynamically created and destroyed objects in the system. The other kind, called attribute quantifiers, is used to check dynamically changing values within the same object. We show that expressions in this language can be eficiently checked over an execution trace of a system. Comments Postrpint version. Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Runtime Verification (RV'05) Note: This is a preliminary version. The final version will be published in Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science Publisher URL: www.elsevier. nl/locate/entcs This conference paper is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_papers/180 RV 2005 Preliminary Version Run-Time Checking of Dynamic Properties 1 Oleg Sokolsky, Usa Sammapun, Insup Lee, and Jesung Kim Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6389 U.S.A. {sokolsky,usa,lee,jesung}@cis.upenn. edu