Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the human cardiovascular system for real-time physical interaction with an assist device

In the development of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), numerical simulations of the cardiovascular (CV) system have been widely used. Further, electrohydraulic simulations have been developed to evaluate the performance of a physical LVAD prototype against a numerical model of the CV system. The effects of dynamic cardiac compression (DCC) have been less well modeled. This paper considers the interaction between a DCC device and a closed-loop numerical model of the cardiovascular system, which is specifically developed. The model is operated in real-time, and interfaced to the physical assist device for realistic testing. Assist control strategies are compared: constant pressure DCC, and volume-proportional pressure to simulate cardiomyoplasty. The model shows that applying equal pressure to both ventricles causes inflation of the left ventricle
Effects of glottal and lip boundary conditions on vocal-tract area function estimates from speech signals

High-resolution vocal-tract area functions (VTAF) can be derived from vocal-tract filters (VTF) estimated from vowel sound signals with a wide bandwidth. However, the effects of open glottises and frequency-dependent lip reflection coefficients contained in the VTF estimates distort the VTAF estimates. Given VTF estimates obtained over closed glottal phases, we provide a method for eliminating the distortion effects of frequency-dependent lip reflection coefficients on the VTAF estimates. When the VTF estimates contain limited effects of incomplete glottal closures, this method can still obtain reasonable VTAF estimates if the vowel sounds are produced with large lip openings. The VTAF estimates obtained using our method from sounds /a/ produced by different subjects are very similar to that measured using the magnetic resonate imaging method. Theoretically, to eliminate both distortions caused by lip reflection coefficients and incomplete glottal closures in the VTAF estimates, lip-opening areas must be known.
Interference effects in the H (→γ γ )+2 jets channel at the LHC

We compute the interference between the resonant process $pp\to H(\rightarrow \gamma\gamma)+2 \text{ jets}$ and the corresponding continuum background at leading order in QCD. For the Higgs signal, we include gluon fusion (GF) and vector boson fusion (VBF) production channels, while for the background we consider all tree-level contributions, including pure EW effects (${\cal O}(\alpha_{QED}^4)$) and QCD contributions (${\cal O}(\alpha_{QED}^2 \alpha_{s}^2)$), plus the loop-induced gluon-initiated process. After convolution with the experimental mass resolution, the main effect of the interference is to shift the position of the mass peak, as in the inclusive GF case studied previously. The apparent mass shift is small in magnitude but strongly dependent on the Higgs width, potentially allowing for a measurement of, or bound on, the width itself. In the $H(\rightarrow \gamma\gamma)+2 \text{ jets}$ channel, the VBF and GF contributions generate shifts of opposite signs which largely cancel, depending on the sets of cuts used, to as little as 5 MeV (toward a lower Higgs mass). The small magnitude of the shift makes this channel a good reference mass for measuring the inclusive mass shift of around 60 MeV in the Standard Model.
Validação para língua portuguesa: Lista de Checagem da Movement Assessment Battery for Children

The checklist of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children second edition (MABC-2-Checklist) was developed as an instrument for screening children with motor difficulties. OBJECTIVE: To translate, adapt and verify (1) the face, content and construct validity and the reliability of the Portuguese version of the MABC-2 Checklist; as well as to investigate the usefulness of the MABC-2-Checklist as a screening instrument in Brazil. METHODS: Participated in the study 47 health related professional (physical educators and physical therapists), 20 parents, and 532 children (girls: 276; boys: 256) between 5 and 12 year-old. RESULTS: indicated that the adapted version of the MABC-2-Checklist to Portuguese demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity (p values ≤ 0,05); excellent reliability (all sections, α= 0,94) and high indices of inter-evaluators reliability. CONCLUSION: the adapted Portuguese version of the Checklist-MABC-2 demonstrated validity and reliability to screen children with motor difficulties and to further refereed to more complete assessments and intervention.
Rapid and reactive nitric oxide production by astrocytes in mouse neocortical slices

Nitric oxide (NO), a cellular signaling molecule, is produced in the brain by both neurons and astrocytes. While neurons are capable of rapid release of small amounts of NO serving as neurotransmitter, astrocytic NO production has been demonstrated mainly as a slow reaction to various stress stimuli. Little is known about the role of astrocyte‐produced NO. Using the NO indicator 4,5‐diaminofluorescein‐2 diacetate (DAF‐2DA) and acute slices from mouse brain, we distinguished neurons from astrocytes based on their different fluorescence kinetics and pattern, cellular morphology, electrophysiology, and responses to selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors. Typically, astrocytic fluorescence followed neuronal fluorescence with a delay of 1–2 min and was dependent on the inducible NOS isoform (iNOS) activity. Western blot analysis established the presence of functional iNOS in the neocortex. An assay for cell death revealed that most DAF‐2DA‐positive neurons, but not astrocytes, were damaged. Whole cell recordings from astrocytes confirmed that these cells maintained their membrane potential and passive properties during illumination and afterward. Induction of excitotoxicity by brief application of glutamate triggered an immediate and intense astrocytic response, while high‐frequency electrical stimulation failed to do so. The present study demonstrates, for the first time, rapid and massive iNOS‐dependent NO production by astrocytes in situ, which appears to be triggered by acute neuronal death. These data may bear important implications for our theoretical understanding and practical management of acute brain insults. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Global Genome and Transcriptome Analyses of Magnaporthe oryzae Epidemic Isolate 98-06 Uncover Novel Effectors and Pathogenicity-Related Genes, Revealing Gene Gain and Lose Dynamics in Genome Evolution

Genome dynamics of pathogenic organisms are driven by pathogen and host co-evolution, in which pathogen genomes are shaped to overcome stresses imposed by hosts with various genetic backgrounds through generation of a variety of isolates. This same principle applies to the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and the rice host; however, genetic variations among different isolates of M. oryzae remain largely unknown, particularly at genome and transcriptome levels. Here, we applied genomic and transcriptomic analytical tools to investigate M. oryzae isolate 98-06 that is the most aggressive in infection of susceptible rice cultivars. A unique 1.4 Mb of genomic sequences was found in isolate 98-06 in comparison to reference strain 70-15. Genome-wide expression profiling revealed the presence of two critical expression patterns of M. oryzae based on 64 known pathogenicity-related (PaR) genes. In addition, 134 candidate effectors with various segregation patterns were identified. Five tested proteins could suppress BAX-mediated programmed cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Characterization of isolate-specific effector candidates Iug6 and Iug9 and PaR candidate Iug18 revealed that they have a role in fungal propagation and pathogenicity. Moreover, Iug6 and Iug9 are located exclusively in the biotrophic interfacial complex (BIC) and their overexpression leads to suppression of defense-related gene expression in rice, suggesting that they might participate in biotrophy by inhibiting the SA and ET pathways within the host. Thus, our studies identify novel effector and PaR proteins involved in pathogenicity of the highly aggressive M. oryzae field isolate 98-06, and reveal molecular and genomic dynamics in the evolution of M. oryzae and rice host interactions.
Mendeley readership altmetrics for the social sciences and humanities: Research evaluation and knowledge flows

Although there is evidence that counting the readers of an article in the social reference site, Mendeley, may help to capture its research impact, the extent to which this is true for different scientific fields is unknown. In this study, we compare Mendeley readership counts with citations for different social sciences and humanities disciplines. The overall correlation between Mendeley readership counts and citations for the social sciences was higher than for the humanities. Low and medium correlations between Mendeley bookmarks and citation counts in all the investigated disciplines suggest that these measures reflect different aspects of research impact. Mendeley data were also used to discover patterns of information flow between scientific fields. Comparing information flows based on Mendeley bookmarking data and cross‐disciplinary citation analysis for the disciplines revealed substantial similarities and some differences. Thus, the evidence from this study suggests that Mendeley readership data could be used to help capture knowledge transfer across scientific disciplines, especially for people that read but do not author articles, as well as giving impact evidence at an earlier stage than is possible with citation counts.
Higher field strength for proton MR spectroscopy.

MR imagers with magnetic fields ( B ) greater than 1.5 T are offered by all major manufacturers. Although 4-, 6-, 7-, and even 8-T, whole-body instruments are currently operational, the most common high- B systems are the nearly 100 installed with 3-T magnets. The demand for bigger B systems has
Problem 1-Micropipette aspiration

The mechanical behavior of living cells is studied with micropipette suction in which the surface of a cell is aspirated into a small glass tube while tracking the leading edge of its surface. Such edges can be tracked in a light microscope to an accuracy of $25 nm and suction pressures as small as 0.1}0.2 pN/lm2 can be imposed on the cell. Both soft cells, such as neutrophils and red cells, and more rigid cells, such as chondrocytes and endothelial cells, are studied with this technique. Interpretation of the measurements with basic continuum models leads to values for a cell's elastic and viscous properties. In particular, neutrophils are found to behave as a liquid drop with a cortical (surface) tension of about 30 pN/lm and a viscosity on the order of 100 Pa s. On the other hand, chondrocytes and endothelial cells behave as solids with an elastic modulus of the order of 500 pN/lm2 (0.5 kPa). ( 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Acute effect of growth hormone to induce peripheral insulin resistance is independent of FFA and insulin levels in rats.

To examine whether growth hormone (GH) induces peripheral insulin resistance by altering plasma free fatty acid (FFA) or insulin levels, the effects of GH infusion on insulin-stimulated glucose fluxes were studied in conscious rats under two protocols. In study 1, either saline (n = 7) or human recombinant GH (21 microg. kg(-1). h(-1); n = 8) was infused for 300 min, and insulin-stimulated glucose fluxes were estimated during the final 150-min period of hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. In study 2, hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps were first conducted for 150 min (to raise plasma insulin and suppress FFA levels), and saline or GH (n = 7 for each) was subsequently infused for the following 300-min clamp period. In study 1, GH infusion in the basal state did not significantly alter plasma FFA or insulin levels. In contrast, GH infusion decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glycogen synthesis by 32, 27, and 40%, respectively (P < 0.05). In study 2, GH infusion during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps did not alter plasma FFA or insulin levels (P > 0.05). GH infusion had no effect on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake during the initial 150 min but eventually decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by 37% (P < 0. 05), similar to the results in study 1. These data indicate that GH induces peripheral insulin resistance independent of plasma FFA and insulin levels. The induction of insulin resistance was preceded by suppression of glycogen synthesis, consistent with the hypothesis that metabolic impairment precedes and causes development of peripheral insulin resistance.
Compact labeling schemes for ancestor queries

We consider the following problem. Give a rooted tree T, label the nodes of T in the most compact way such that given the labels of two nodes one can determine in constant time, by looking only at the labels, if one node is an ancestor of the other. The best known labeling scheme is rather straightforward and uses labels of size at most 2 log n, where n is the number of vertices In the tree. Our main result in this paper is a labeling scheme with maximum label size close to 3/2 log n. Our motivation for studying this problem is enhancing the performance of Web search engines. In the context of this application each indexed document is a tree and the labels of all trees are maintained in main memory. Therefore even small improvements in the maximum label size are important. There are no lower bounds known for this problem except for an obvious lower bound of log n that follows from the fact that different vertices must have different labels. The question whether one can find even shorter labels remains an intriguing open question.
Hirschsprung’s Disease and Associated Congenital Heart Defects: A Prospective Observational Study from a Single Institution

Objective: To define the prevalence and characteristics of associated congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in patients with Hirschsprung’s disease (HSCR). Method: All patients with a histological diagnosis of HSCR admitted to our hospital between January 2010 and December 2013 were included in this prospective observational study and underwent cardiovascular screening. Cardiac anatomy was assessed by a segmental echocardiographic approach. Measurements of aortic root and left ventricular dimensions, wall thickness, and function were obtained. CHDs requiring a percutaneous or surgical intervention were described as major heart diseases. Results: One hundred thirty-three consecutive patients were enrolled at median age of 2.3 years. Eleven patients (8.3%) presented an associated heart disease. Moreover, five patients had mild dilatation of aortic root. Six out of 11 (4.5%) patients had a major CHDs requiring surgical repair. Conclusion: Prevalence of associated CHDs was slightly higher than in previous papers, and mostly represented by septal defects. Four out of six patients with major heart disease had also a chromosomal anomaly. If we do not consider the subpopulation of patients with a chromosomal anomaly, cardiac defects were present in 3.8% of the patients. Based on these results, we suggest to perform routine echocardiogram in all Hirschsprung patients, with or without associated chromosomal syndromes.
THE FAMILY JOURNAL: COUNSELING AND THERAPY FOR COUPLES AND FAMILIES / October 2000 Carroll, Robinson / PARENTIFICATIO IN ADULTS Depression and Parentification Among Adults as Related to Parental Workaholism and Alcoholism

Investigators examined relationships among levels of depression and parentification in undergraduate university students. Instrument scores were used to identify participants as (a) adult children with alcoholic parents, (b) adult children with workaholic parents, (c) adult children with at least one parent who was both alcoholic and workaholic, and (d) a comparison group composed of adult children who met none of the other group criteria. Children of workaholics scored significantly higher on measures of depression and parentification, and they reported parents worked more hours than did parents of children of alcoholics and the comparison group. Children of alcoholics scored significantly higher than the comparison group on the measure of parentification. Children with parents who met both descriptions scored significantly higher than children of alcoholics and the comparison group on the three dimensions described and on combined number of hours both parents worked.
Estimation of stable CARMA models with an application to electricity spot prices

We discuss theoretical properties and estimation of continuous-time ARMA (CARMA) processes, which are driven by a stable Lévy process. Such processes are very useful in a continuous-time linear stationary setup: they have a similar structure as the widely used ARMA models and provide all advantages of a continuous-time model. As an application we consider data from a deregulated electricity market. Here, we fit a CARMA(2,1) model to spot prices from the Singapore New Electricity Market. The quality of the estimates is assessed in a simulation study. The continuous-time modelling aims at a new pricing methodology for energy derivatives.
La valeur du comportement de magasinage. Statut théorique et apports au positionnement de l'enseigne

Au-dela de la simple fonction d'acquisition de produits, le point de vente apporte au client une valeur a travers sa frequentation. La typologie des sources de valeur developpee par Holbrook est appliquee a la recherche des formes de valorisation de l'experience de magasinage. Les apports de la valeur du comportement de magasinage a la strategie de positionnement de l'enseigne sont ensuite explores a partir d'une etude qualitative.
The Murine Homolog (Mph) of Human Herpesvirus Entry Protein B (HveB) Mediates Entry of Pseudorabies Virus but Not Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2

ABSTRACT A mouse member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, originally designated the murine poliovirus receptor homolog (Mph), was found to be a receptor for the porcine alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV). This mouse protein, designated here murine herpesvirus entry protein B (mHveB), is most similar to one of three related human alphaherpesvirus receptors, the one designated HveB and also known as poliovirus receptor-related protein 2. Hamster cells resistant to PRV entry became susceptible upon expression of a cDNA encoding mHveB. Anti-mHveB antibody and a soluble protein composed of the mHveB ectodomain inhibited mHveB-dependent PRV entry. Expression of mHveB mRNA was detected in a variety of mouse cell lines, but anti-mHveB antibody inhibited PRV infection in only a subset of these cell lines, indicating that mHveB is the principal mediator of PRV entry into some mouse cell types but not others. Coexpression of mHveB with PRV gD, but not herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gD, inhibited entry activity, suggesting that PRV gD may interact directly with mHveB as a ligand that can cause interference. By analogy with HSV-1, envelope-associated PRV gD probably also interacts directly with mHveB during viral entry.
Interpreting the Past, Postulating the Future: Memorate as Plot and Script among Rural Russian Women

This article focuses upon the oral prose genre known in Russian as bylichka (pl., bylichki) or mythological story (mifologicheskii rasskaz). The term identifies a story about a supernatural event that really happened; whether told using a first- or third-person perspective, bylichki imply a certain immediacy of experience. In Soviet Russia, researchers claimed that people told these stories for aesthetic purposes, but did not believe them. Conversely, other researchers in Russia and the West have tended to emphasize the relation of narrative content to belief systems. We agree that bylichki are inextricably connected to belief, but emphasize that the content and artistry of these stories are also linked to immediate social settings. Based on three decades of fieldwork in Russian villages (1978–2009), we examine the ways and reasons these stories unfold in specific conversational contexts, considering how narrators interpret past experience, claim particular social roles in the present, and offer vital cultural information (including prescriptions for future action). As narrators negotiate differentials in cultural knowledge among their interlocutors, they shape the content, form, and performance of their personal experiences, creating oral memoirs that instruct others as they construct the self.
Euler characteristics of generalized Haken manifolds

Haken n-manifolds have been defined and studied by B. Foozwell and H. Rubinstein in analogy with the classical Haken manifolds of dimension 3, based upon the the theory of boundary patterns developed by K. Johannson. The Euler characteristic of a Haken manifold is analyzed and shown to be equal to the sum of the Charney-Davis invariants of the duals of the boundary complexes of the n-cells at the end of a hierarchy. These dual complexes are shown to be flag complexes. It follows that the Charney-Davis Conjecture is equivalent to the Euler Characteristic Sign Conjecture for Haken manifolds. Since the Charney-Davis invariant of a flag simplicial 3-sphere is known to be non-negative it follows that a closed Haken 4-manifold has non-negative Euler characteristic. These results hold as well for generalized Haken manifolds whose hierarchies can end with compact contractible manifolds rather than cells.
Knowledge of language origin improves pronunciation accuracy of proper names

As it is impossible to have a lexicon with complete coverage, and a high proportion of unknown words are proper names, this paper addresses the issue of automatically finding pronunciations of unseen proper names in US English. Proper names, especially in the US, may come from a large range of ethnic backgrounds. We present a model and results showing that including ethnic origin of words in a statistical model can improve pronunciation results. We used a lexicon of 56,000 proper names from CMUDICT. We also gathered data (text and proper names) from 26 languages to built statistical models that provide an estimate of word origin. Tests against held out data showed a 7.6% absolute improvement from a baseline of 54.8% when language based features were added to our CART-based model. As there are potentially multiple correct pronunciations, we synthesized a random sample of names that did not match the “correct” answer in our test set. Human listeners showed a 17% preference for the model with language features compared to the baseline.
Reference Bias in Monolingual Machine Translation Evaluation

In the translation industry, human translations are assessed by comparison with the source texts. In the Machine Translation (MT) research community, however, it is a common practice to perform quality assessment using a reference translation instead of the source text. In this paper we show that this practice has a serious issue - annotators are strongly biased by the reference translation provided, and this can have a negative impact on the assessment of MT quality.