Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility and Validity of a Self‐Administered Physical Activity Questionnaire for Male Health Professionals

We assessed the reproducibility and validity of a self-administered physical activity questionnaire used in a prospective study of 51,529 men. The questionnaire was administered by mail twice to 238 participants 2 years apart. During this interval, the participants completed a past-week recall and a 1-week activity diary at tour times corresponding to different seasons throughout a year. Also, a step test was taken by a subset of the study participants. The intraclass correlation coefficients used to measure reproducibility were 0.39 for inactivity, 0.42 for nonvigorous activity, and 0.52 for vigorous activity. The correlations between diary-based and questionnaire-based activity scores, adjusted for variation in the diary measurements, were 0.41 for inactivity, 0.28 for nonvigorous activity, and 0.58 for vigorous activity. The distribution of activity scores was similar between the questionnaires and the average of past-week recalls, indicating the participants' ability to incorporate seasonal variation into their recall on a questionnaire. The correlation between vigorous activity and resting pulse was –0.45, whereas, for the pulse rate after stepping, the correlation was —0.41. These data indicate that this physical activity questionnaire is reproducible and provides a useful measure of average weekly activity, particularly vigorous activity, over a 1-year period.
Neural networks for predicting Kaposi's sarcoma

This paper demonstrates a medical application of Bayesian neural networks, whose parameters and hyper-parameters are sampled from the posterior distribution by means of Monte Carlo Markov chain. The main objective is the determination of the relevance of various input variables. The paper focuses on typical difficulties one has to face when dealing with sparse data sets.
Array of Multilayer Perceptrons with No-class Resampling Training for Face Recognition

A face recognition (FR) problem involves the face detection, representation and classi cation steps. Once a face is located in an image, it has to be represented through a feature extraction process, for later performing a proper face classification task. The most widely used approach for feature extraction is the eigenfaces method, where an eigenspace is established from the image training samples using principal components analysis. In the classification phase, an input face is projected to the obtained eigenspace and classifed by an appropriate classifer. Neural network classifers based on multilayer perceptron models have proven to be well suited to this task. This paper presents an array of multilayer perceptron neural networks trained with a novel no-class resampling strategy which takes into account the balance problem between class and no-class examples and increases the generalization capabilities. The proposed model is compared against a classical multilayer perceptron classifer for face recognition over the AT&T database of faces, obtaining results that show an improvement over the classification rates of a classical classifer.
Digitization of health records in rural villages

We present a study that reviews current available methods for obtaining electronic health records (EHRs) to facilitate the provision of health services to patients from rural villages in developing countries. The study compares processes of digitizing health records by means of manual transcription, both by hiring a professional transcriptionist and by using online crowdsourcing platforms. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis is conducted to compare the studied transcription methods to an alternate technology-based solution that was developed to support in-the-field direct data entry.
Demographic Estimation From Anthropological Data: New Methods

by TIMOTHY B. GAGE Genetics Department, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, P.O. Box 28147, San Antonio, Tex. , 78284, U.S.A. 3 VI 85 Anthropologists interested in the relationship of social structure and ecological factors hould also concern themselves with demography. Demographic rates influence the survival of family lines, the number of social dependents, the number of potential spouses, the composition of households, and the growth rate of populations, all of which affect social organization in that social interactions are mediated by the age-sex and kinship characteristics of the participants. Additionally, the growth rate or intrinsic rate of increase of a population is particularly important for understanding human ecology and for testing sociobiological hypotheses, because it is a direct measure of growth potential and genetic fitness. Although the utility of demographic rates for anthropological research is clear, only recently have accurate methods of estimating them from anthropological data been developed. Accuracy is important because estimation errors may obscure important relationships or even support spurious ones. National demographers obtain precise estimates by aggregating data across entire nations, thus reducing sampling error. Anthropologists, however, are generally interested in small populations, often numbering fewer than 1,000 individuals. Aggregating data over time instead of space is possible, but most small populations do not maintain the vital registry systems that would facilitate this task. The genealogies more often available for these populations provide a means of aggregating data but may be unreliable because of clipping, fusing, or telescoping (Morrill and Dyke 1980). As a result, demographic estimation using anthropological data has had to rely upon indirect methods requiring assumptions that are often unrealistic, such as the concept of a stable population. This has seriously hampered the use of demographic measures in anthropological research. A recent extension of stable-population theory to nonstable populations by Preston and Coale (1982) provides a number of new indirect echniques that are much more accurate and powerful than those previously available. This is an important development for anthropological research, since the new methods are well suited to estimating the vital rates of small populations from anthropological data (Gage, Dyke, and Riviere 1984a, b; Gage, Dyke, and MacCluer n.d.). I shall discuss (1) the data necessary to implement hese methods and the appropriate procedures for collecting them, (2) the estimation techniques available, and (3) the accuracy of the demographic rates derived from data on small populations using these new methods. The derivations and detailed calculations necessary to compute the various vital rates are available elsewhere (Preston and Coale 1982; Preston 1983; Preston and Bennett 1983; Gage, Dyke, and Riviere 1984a, b). To place these new methods in context, comparison with traditional methods is necessary.
Cut-Based Abduction

In this paper we explore a generalization of traditional abduction which can simultaneously perform two differ- ent tasks: (i) given an unprovable sequent � � G, find a sentence H such that �, HG is provable (hypothesis generation); (ii) given a provable sequent � � G, find a sentence H such that � � H and the proof of �, HG is simpler than the proof of � � G (lemma generation). We argue that the two tasks should not be distinguished, and present a general procedure for finding suitable hypotheses or lemmas. When the original sequent is provable, the abduced formula can be seen as a cut formula with respect to Gentzen's sequent calculus, so the abduction method is cut-based. Our method is based on the tableau-like system KE and we argue for its advantages over existing abduction methods based on traditional Smullyan-style Tableaux.
A gravidez da terapeuta e seus reflexos no processo psicoterápico

Este artigo aborda a relacao transferencial de pacientes frente a gravidez de suas terapeutas. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi investigar e compreender os conflitos e fenomenos da relacao terapeutica, utilizando-se da experiencia de terapeutas que engravidaram durante o processo psicoterapico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, observacional, de cunho exploratorio; para coleta de dados, elegeu-se o metodo clinico e a entrevista semi-estruturada, e mediante o encontrado, a analise de conteudo. Os resultados mostram que a gravidez se faz presente no setting de forma intensa, viabilizando que conflitos e experiencias infantis sejam revividos e ate mesmo resignificados. Os sentimentos mais evidenciados pelos pacientes foram: inveja, temores de desamparo e abandono, e conflitos relacionados a identificacao com a figura materna.
Clinical Utility of the Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ) in the Assessment of Non-credible Complaints

The utility of a new questionnaire, the Personal Problems Questionnaire (PPQ), designed to assess cognitive, emotional and physical complaints after traumatic brain injuries, pain, and other acquired conditions, was evaluated. The PPQ comprises twelve Clinical subscales designed to assess common complaints associated with acquired conditions and three Validity scales to evaluate over-reporting of cognitive, emotional, and physical symptoms. The Clinical subscales were found to be useful in differentiating between patients with acquired brain injuries, controls, and simulators. The Validity scales were also found to have good sensitivity and specificity in detecting simulated complaints. The PPQ shows promise in assessing disabilities and over-reporting.
When Two Limbs are Weaker than One: Sensorimotor Syncopation with Alternating Hands

This study addresses the demands of alternating bimanual syncopation, a coordination mode in which the two hands move in alternation while tapping in antiphase with a metronomic tone sequence. Musically trained participants were required to engage in alternating bimanual syncopation and five other coordination modes: unimanual syncopation where taps are made (with the left or right hand) after every tone; unimanual syncopation where taps are made after every other tone; bimanual synchronization with alternating hands; unimanual synchronized tapping with every tone; and unimanual tapping with every other tone. Variability in tap timing was greatest overall for alternating bimanual syncopation, indicating that it is the most difficult. This appears to be due to instability arising from the simultaneous presence of two levels of antiphase coordination (one between the pacing sequence and the hands, the other between the two hands) rather than factors relating to movement frequency or dexterity limits of the nonpreferred hand.
When modesty fails: The social impact of group‐effacing attributions following success or failure

This study explored how group members perceived a fellow group member who made either group-serving or group-effacing attributions following success or failure. Forty male undergraduates from the Chinese University co-operated in pairs with a confederate on a demanding group task. After learning that their group's performance had exceeded or failed to meet a standard, the subjects heard their confederate-partner make group-effacing or group-serving attributions. As predicted, subjects evaluated the group-serving partners more highly (p < 0.05). Preference for group-enhancing members was discussed as a pancultural response arising from the interdependence of group members. Given the process of social categorization, group members rise or fall together and are therefore socialized to support their group.
Rotationally invariant space-time trellis codes with 4-D rectangular constellations for high data rate wireless communications

We demonstrate rotationally invariant space-time (ST) trellis codes with a 4-D rectangular signal constellation for data transmission over fading channels using two transmit antennas. The rotational invariance is a good property to have that may alleviate the task of the carrier phase tracking circuit in the receiver. The transmitted data stream is segmented into eight bit blocks and quadrature amplitude modulated using a 256 point 4-D signal constellation whose 2-D constituent constellation is a 16 point square constellation doubly partitioned. The 4-D signal constellation is simply the Cartesian product of the 2-D signal constellation with itself and has 32 subsets. The partition is performed on one side into four subsets A, B, C, and D with increased minimum-squared Euclidian distance, and on the other side into four rings, where each ring includes four points of equal energy. We propose both linear and nonlinear ST trellis codes and perform simulations using an appropriate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model. The 4-D ST codes constructed here demonstrate about the same frame error rate (FER) performance as their 2-D counterparts, having however the added value of rotational invariance.
Top team composition and corporate turnaround under environmental stability and turbulence

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the effect of top management team (TMT) characteristics on corporate turnaround performance in declining firms under conditions of environmental stability and turbulence.Design/methodology/approach – Theoretical hypotheses were developed and tested using data collected from 98 US manufacturing firms that experienced performance decline and turnaround during the periods 1990‐1994 and 1995‐2000 respectively. Data were collected from the COMPUSTAT database and annual filings and analyzed using a moderated regression analysis.Findings – The results of moderated regression analysis indicate an adverse effect of long organizational tenure on corporate turnaround, especially in turbulent environments. Hence, if was found that the effect of top team composition on corporate turnaround varies depending on the environmental context.Research limitations/implications – The study contributes to the ongoing corporate turnaround research by examining the inte.
THE IMPACT OF SIMULTANEOUS PANCREAS-KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION ON LONG-TERM PATIENT SURVIVAL1

Background. Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) ameliorates the progression of microvascular diabetic complications but the procedure is associated with excess initial morbidity and an uncertain effect on patient survival when compared with solitary cadaveric or living donor renal transplantation. We evaluated mortality risks associated with SPK, solitary renal transplantation, and dialysis treatment in a national cohort of type 1 diabetics with end-stage nephropathy. Methods. A total of 13,467 adult-type 1 diabetics enrolled on the renal and renal-pancreas transplant waiting list between 10/01/88 and 06/30/97 were followed until 06/30/98. Time-dependent mortality risks and life expectancy were calculated according to the treatment received subsequent to wait-list registration: SPK; cadaveric kidney only (CAD); living donor kidney only (LKD) transplantation; and dialysis [wait-listed, maintenance dialysis treatment (WLD)]. Results. Adjusted 10-year patient survival was 67% for SPK vs. 65% for LKD recipients (P =0.19) and 46% for CAD recipients (P <0.001). The excess initial mortality normally associated with renal transplantation and the risk of early infectious death was 2-fold higher in SPK recipients. The time to achieve equal proportion of survivors as the WLD patients was 170, 95, and 72 days for SPK, CAD, and LKD recipients, respectively (P <0.001). However, the adjusted 5-year morality risk (RR) using WLD as the reference and the expected remaining life years were 0.40, 0.45, and 0.75 and 23.4, 20.9, and 12.6 years for SPK, LKD, and CAD, respectively. There was no survival benefit in SPK recipients ≥50 years old (RR=1.38, P =0.81). Conclusions. Among patients with type 1 DM with end-stage nephropathy, SPK transplantation before the age of 50 years was associated with long-term improvement in survival compared to solitary cadaveric renal transplantation or dialysis.
Validez Estructurada para una investigación cuasi-experimental de calidad: se cumplen 50 años de la presentación en sociedad de los diseños cuasi-experimentales

Title: Structured Validity for a quasi-experimental research of quality. They are fulfilled 50 years of the presentation in company of the quasi- experimental designs. Abstract: Quasi-experimental investigation is that one that has as aim test a causal hypothesis manipulating (at least) an independent variable where for logistic or ethical reasons it is not possible to assign the units of investi- gation at random to the groups. Due to the fact that many decisions at the social level take on the basis of the result of investigations with these char- acteristics, it is imperative that have an exquisite planning of the application of the treatment, of the control in the process of the investigation and of the analysis of the data. Last year 2013 the quasi-experimental designs ex- pired 50 years, and this work in an honoring to Campbell and to all the in- vestigators who day after day contribute ideas to improve the quasi- experimental method in someone of his aspects. From the hand of a re- view of the quasi-experimental investigations published in a period of 11 years in three journals of psychology we distinguish some aspects that refer to the care of the method. We finished work by proposing the concept of Structured Validity, which in summary, is the thread that must follow all re- search to test with guarantee the hypothesis that respond to the objectives it raised, in particular, in quasi-experimental investigations.
Advancing Comparative State Policy Research: Toward Conceptual Integration and Methodological Expansion

A NUMBER OF POLITICAL SCIENTISTS have sought to understand why states choose particular public policies. Most have focused on political and socioeconomic variables in explaining state variation. Typical political variables include political party control, interparty competition, interest group strength, gubernatorial power, legislative professionalism, administrative capacity, and public and elite opinion. Typical socioeconomic variables include population size and composition, urbanization, natural resources, state personal income, state economic activities, regional economic forces, state fiscal capacity, and political culture. Most extant explanations emphasize one or more of these variables when explaining similarities and differences among states across various policy areas. Particular explanations can be found in two closely related comparative state policy literatures: studies of state policy content and studies of state policy diffusion and innovation. Whereas policy content studies tend to focus on variation in state expenditures, policy diffusion and innovation studies tend to focus on discrete policy adoptions. Theories in both literatures, however, highlight interstate relationships in addition to states’ distinctive political and socioeconomic characteristics. This article provides practitioners and researchers with a comprehensive review and critique of the comparative state policy adoption literature.1 Policy content studies are reviewed, together with studies of state policy diffusion and innovation. Based on this discussion, comparative state policy research is assessed as it relates to theoretical concerns involving state government complexity, federal influence, and cognitive and normative processes, in addition to methodological concerns involving the integration of quantitative and qualitative research techniques. The article concludes with a summary of findings and suggestions.
What can the self-conscious emotion of guilt tell us about primary school teachers’ moral purpose and the relationships they have with their pupils?

Based on interviews and adopting and phenomenological approach this article explores primary school teachers’ experiences of guilt. Teachers described feeling guilty when they held themselves responsible for having let down or upset their pupils and on occasion their colleagues. Some teachers also recalled experiencing guilt when some of their pupils felt distressed without actually blaming themselves for their actions. The findings demonstrate the strong moral purpose that underpins teachers’ beliefs and practice and the close personal relationship that they have with their pupils.
Power-Aware MAC for MultiHop Wireless Networks: A Cross Layer Approach

This paper addresses the problem of designing a power-aware multiple access control (MAC) protocol for multi- hop wireless networks (MHWN). The problem is formulated as a cross layer network utility maximization problem that considers the interaction of transport, MAC and physical layers in the protocol stack. Assuming physical model for successful transmission, a tractable formula for link throughput as a function of link attempt rate and power vectors is derived. Solving the problem, an algorithm for adjusting the session rate and link state i.e. link attempt rate and power, is proposed. At the session source, the algorithm adjusts the rate of the session based on the congestion signals feedback from the links in its path. At the links, the algorithm adjusts link state, based on the link congestion measure and messages received from neighboring links. Simulation results show that for a given link and at equilibrium the link state should be adjusted based on the link location in the network. This result is consistence with previous results that emphasize in MHWN, MAC should be designed by considering both time and space contention between links.
Cooled sacroiliac radiofrequency denervation for the treatment of pain secondary to tumor infiltration: a case-based focused literature review.

BACKGROUND The sacroiliac (SI) joint is a common cause of low back pain, for which radiofrequency (RF) denervation has been shown to provide long-term relief. However, controversy exists surrounding the innervation, which treatment paradigm to utilize, and how best to select patients who might benefit. OBJECTIVE To describe a patient with terminal breast cancer and tumor infiltration of the sacroiliac joint who was treated with cooled RF of the sacral lateral branches as an end-of-life palliative measure. The objectives of this review are to provide insight into the innervation of the SI joint; address controversial issues surrounding the targeted nerves in a patient with transitional anatomy; outline risk-mitigation strategies; and highlight the need for individually tailored treatment plans. METHODS Case-based focused literature review in a patient treated with cooled RF ablation of the L4-S3 primary dorsal rami and lateral branches. RESULTS Treatment was tailored to facilitate the rapid treatment of this terminal patient by performing the prognostic blocks and RF ablation at the same visit. Until her death 5 days post-procedure, the patient reported significant pain relief and began to ambulate and use the bathroom on her own, activities she could not do before treatment. In addition to functional improvement, she was also able to significantly reduce her opioid intake. CONCLUSION This is the first report of cooled SI joint RF ablation to treat cancer pain. Our patient's positive response to the procedure suggests the possibility that the lateral branches innervate not only the posterior ligaments, but also the bony articulation. The decision to proceed with RF ablation on the same day as a prognostic lateral branch block was based on our patient's terminal condition, and the fact that cooled RF does not require sensory stimulation to ensure proximity to the target nerves. Because of her transitional anatomy, we elected to target L4.