Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Subscapularis Muscle Insufficiency after Primary and Revision Open Shoulder Stabilization

Background Postoperative subscapularis muscle insufficiency after open shoulder stabilization procedures represents an unrecognized condition. Hypothesis Primary and revision open shoulder stabilization using the inverted L-shaped tenotomy approach impairs subscapularis muscle recovery and affects final clinical outcome. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Twenty-five patients who underwent primary (group 1: n = 13; mean age, 36.5 years; follow-up, 48 months) or revision (group 2: n = 12; mean age, 34.2 years; follow-up, 52 months) open shoulder stabilization procedures were followed up clinically (clinical subscapularis tests and signs, Constant score, and Rowe score) and by magnetic resonance imaging (tendon integrity, defined muscle diameters, and signal intensity analysis [ratio infraspinatus/upper subscapularis muscle and infraspinatus/lower subscapularis muscle]). A third group (group 0) of 12 healthy volunteers served as a control. Results Clinical signs for subscapularis muscle insufficiency were present in 53.8% of cases in group 1 and 91.6% of cases in group 2. There were no significant differences between groups with regard to Constant and Rowe scores (P >. 05). On magnetic resonance imaging, no complete tendon ruptures were found. The mean vertical diameter of the subscapularis muscle and the mean transverse diameter of the upper subscapularis muscle portion were significantly greater in group 0 than in group 1 and greater in group 1 than in group 2 (P <. 05). The mean transverse diameter of the lower subscapularis muscle was comparable in all groups (P >. 05). The signal intensity analysis revealed the infraspinatus/upper subscapularis muscle ratio was greater in group 0 than in group 1 and greater in group 1 than in group 2 (P <. 05). The infraspinatus/lower subscapularis muscle ratio was lower in group 0 than in groups 1 and 2 (P <. 05). Conclusion Open shoulder stabilization using an inverted L-shaped tenotomy approach may lead to atrophy and fatty infiltration, particularly of the upper part of the subscapularis muscle, resulting in postoperative subscapularis muscle insufficiency. Revision procedures using the same approach may further compromise clinical subscapularis muscle function and structure. The lower portion of the subscapularis muscle seems to have a compensating effect that may, in addition to a meticulous capsulolabral reconstruction, account for the uncompromised overall clinical outcome.
Differential Item Functioning

About the Authors Series Editor's Introduction 1. Introduction 2. Description of DIF 3. Statistical Facets of DIF 4. Important Considerations 5. History of Test Bias and DIF 6. Quick-But-Incomplete Methods 7. Mantel-Haenszel Procedure 8. Nonparametic Methods 9. IRT-Based Methods 10. Logistic Regression 11. Specialized DIF Procedures 12. Future Directions Conclusion References Author Index Subject Index
A Battery-Free 217 nW Static Control Power Buck Converter for Wireless RF Energy Harvesting With  $\alpha $-Calibrated Dynamic On/Off Time and Adaptive Phase Lead Control

A battery-free nano-power buck converter with a proposed dynamic on/off time (DOOT) control can achieve high conversion efficiency over a wide load range. The DOOT control can predict the on/off time at different input voltages without a power consuming zero current detection (ZCD) circuit, as well as suppress static power in idle periods. To adapt to the fluctuations in a harvesting system, the proposed α-calibration scheme guarantees accurate ZCD over process, voltage variation, and temperature (PVT) in the DOOT to improve power conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the adaptive phase lead (APL) mechanism can improve inherent propagation delay attributable to low-power and non-ideal comparator, thus improving load regulation by a maximum of 30 mV. The test chip was implemented in 0.25-μm CMOS process with a die area of 0.39 mm2. Experimental results showed 95% peak efficiency, low static power of 217 nW and good load regulation of 0.1 mV/mA, which are suitable for RF energy harvesting applications.
Ulceration of abdominal striae distensae (stretch marks) in a cancer patient.

A75-year-oldwomanpresentedwitha2-yearhistoryofexquisitely tender ulcerations on her bilateral ankles, which caused pain with ambulation. She had a history of multiple miscarriages, a myocardial infarction at age 60 years, and hypertension. Physical examination revealed stellate purpuric macules, 2 areas of punched-out ulcerations, and 3 white stellate atrophic scars on the left lateral ankle (Figure 1). A 4-mm punch biopsy was obtained from the left lateral ankle (Figure 2 and Figure 3). What is your diagnosis?
A Decision Tree-based Missing Value Imputation Technique for Data Pre-processing

Data pre-processing plays a vital role in data mining for ensuring good quality of data. In general data pre-processing tasks include imputation of missing values, identification of outliers, smoothening out of noisy data and correction of inconsistent data. In this paper, we present an efficient missing value imputation technique called DMI, which makes use of a decision tree and expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. We argue that the correlations among attributes within a horizontal partition of a data set can be higher than the correlations over the whole data set. For some existing algorithms such as EM based imputation (EMI) accuracy of imputation is expected to be better for a data set having higher correlations than a data set having lower correlations. Therefore, our technique (DMI) applies EMI on various horizontal segments (of a data set) where correlations among attributes are high. We evaluate DMI on two publicly available natural data sets by comparing its performance with the performance of EMI. We use various patterns of missing values each having different missing ratios up to 10%. Several evaluation criteria such as coefficient of determination (R2), Index of agreement (d2) and root mean squared error (RMSE) are used. Our initial experimental results indicate that DMI performs significantly better than EMI.
An approach for detecting deviations in daily routine for long-term behavior analysis

Rendering and offering adequate reminder services in a situation-aware, proactive manner and providing information for diagnosis support is a major issue for Ambient Assisted Living systems when it comes to dealing with persons suffering from mild dementia. One great challenge therefore is to reliably recognize and assess the long-term behavior of assisted persons. In the context of diagnosis support for caregivers or practitioners, deviations in the daily routine of a person with mild dementia might be an indicator of a deterioration of the affected person's cognitive condition. Based on this information, adequate help can be provided. We developed an approach to processing information regarding the modeling of daily routines and a comparison to previous days. Our solution can be seen as a combination of three approaches: a cosinor analysis based on the theory of circadian rhythms as a special representative of regression analysis, a histogram-based approach based on movement data, and a probabilistic model of behavior (PMB) based on the person's activities of daily living (ADL).
Metabolism and metronidazole uptake in Trichomonas vaginalis isolates with different metronidazole susceptibilities

Three Trichomonas vaginalis isolates with low in vivo susceptibilities to metronidazole (95% curative dose, greater than 3 X 100 mg kg-1 in subcutaneous infections in mice) were compared with strain ATCC 30001 and with four isolates exhibiting high in vivo susceptibilities (95% curative dose, less than 3 X 15 mg kg-1). Activity of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, anaerobic fermentation, and anaerobic intracellular accumulation of [14C]metronidazole label showed no significant isolate-dependent differences which could be correlated with drug susceptibility. The results suggest that processes providing electrons for metronidazole activation are not defective in the resistant strains. Aerobiosis, known to inhibit the antimicrobial action of metronidazole, inhibited accumulation of label more strongly in resistant isolates than in susceptible ones. No differences were detected, however, between resistant and susceptible isolates in respiration, aerobic fermentation, and the specific activity of NADH and NADPH oxidases, the main terminal oxidases of T. vaginalis. These findings suggest that the production of electrons is not diminished under aerobic conditions. The inhibitory effect of aerobic conditions on metronidazole activation, possibly due to competition for the electrons, is markedly enhanced in the resistant isolates compared to the susceptible ones. The mechanism of this effect, however, remains unknown.
Agile and fast switching monolithically integrated four wavelength selectable source at 1.55 μm

We demonstrate 4-nm spaced four emitted wavelengths on a single output waveguide in a four channel DBR lasers array monolithically integrated with a 4>1 coupler. Using distributed Bragg reflector tunability, all wavelengths within a 16-nm range can be reached with an accuracy better than 0.2 nm. Wavelength switching time measured at 90% of nominal power is 4 ns.
Self-presentation, interpersonal perception, and partner selection in computer-mediated relationship formation

The use of social and technological intermediaries to seek intimate partners has a long history. Yet the affordances and limitations of modern computer-mediated communication (CMC) systems built for this purpose—specifically, online dating sites—present new challenges and opportunities for those who use them to initiate intimate relationships. The sheer number of potential mates available on such sites is tremendous, but accurately gauging their appeal and suitability for a relationship can be difficult through CMC. This dissertation presents a longitudinal survey of users of a major U.S. online dating service as they interact with potential dates online, meet them in person, and in some cases establish intimate relationships. The survey addresses two research questions: how interpersonal perceptions change when online daters meet in person for the first time, and how online and offline perceptions are associated with relationship duration, satisfaction, and intimacy. With respect to the first research question, I find that on average measures of liking and willingness to enter into a romantic relationship decline after participants meet their dates face-to-face for the first time. This result held for both inexperienced and experienced online daters. With regard to the second research question, I find that participants' perceptions of their dates before they have met in person generally do not predict the duration of the subsequent relationship, if any. However, their perceptions on many dimensions shortly after meeting in person are significantly associated with relationship duration. At the same time, among those who do begin dating, perceptions on numerous dimensions both pre-meeting and post-meeting are associated with intimacy and, to a lesser degree, relationship satisfaction in the weeks after the first date. That is, it appears that initial judgments from online interaction do not predict whether a couple will form a relationship, but these judgments do predict metrics of relationship quality if they choose to do so.
Against the odds : the meaning of school and relationships in the lives of six young African-American men

Introduction The Six Young Men The Politics of a White Researcher Learning About Young African-American Men's Experiences of School Situated Meanings of the High School Diploma Accommodation and Critique if Life in Classrooms Building Connections Images of Self, Images of Others Power, Privilege, and Inequality References Author Index Subject Index
Modeling and resonant characteristics analysis of multiple paralleled grid-connected inverters with LCL filter

This paper establishes the model of multiple paralleled grid-connected inverters with LCL filter and analysis its resonant characteristics and influencing factors. The analysis results show that multiple paralleled grid-connected inverters have more than one resonant frequency, and the resonant frequency are closely related to the number, type and composition ratio of parallel inverters. Meanwhile the lower resonance frequency decreases with the increasing number of parallel inverters, and mainly affected by the control parameters and the grid strength when the amount of inverters is fixed. Simulation waveform and experiment results verify the availability of the model and the accuracy of analytical results.
Towards Soft Real-Time Applications on Enterprise Desktop Grids

Desktop grids use the idle cycles of desktop PC’s to provide huge computational power at low cost. However, because the underlying desktop computing resources are volatile, achieving performance guarantees such as task completion rate is difficult. We investigate the use of buffering to ensure task completion rates, which is essential for soft real-time applications. In particular, we develop a model of task completion rate as a function of buffer size. We instantiate this model using parameters derived from two enterprise desktop grid data sets, evaluate the model via trace-driven simulation, and show how this model can be used to ensure application task completion rates on enterprise desktop grid systems.
Coherent Attributions with Co-occurring and Interacting Causes

Many processes within social and personality psychology require individuals to attribute the cause of an effect for which there are multiple potential causes. Whether people make these attributions correctly has been a topic of long-standing debate. This work introduces a Bayesian identity that can determine the coherence (internal consistency) of people's attributions regarding the presence of a candidate causal factor, given the occurrence of an effect and the presence of another causal factor. Letting U be the factor whose presence is uncertain, E be the effect that occurred, and C be the factor known to be present, then the attribution of interest, P(U|E,C) is equal to P(U)x[P(C|U)/P(C)]x[P(E|C,U)/P(E|C)], which are termed the prior probability, cause-cause co-occurrence, and relative effect likelihood, respectively. Intuitively, they express how likely the uncertain factor's presence is in general, whether the two factors tend to occur together, and how much more likely the effect is when it is known that the uncertain factor is present, as compared to when the uncertain factor's presence is unknown. This expression can be used to intuitively determine the coherent attribution in a particular scenario, or it can be applied quantitatively. Studies are conducted that assess attribution coherence relative to people's reported assumptions and perceptions. Two of the studies ask directly for the beliefs in the identity, one using a Likert scale to represent the log-ratio of terms in the model, the other asking for the individual probabilities. People are generally coherent, with little difference cross-culturally (East Asian vs. European-American). The approach can be made to directly match the inferences in trait and attitude attribution studies by using probability density functions over continuous variables, and letting the expected value of the posterior distribution be the normative attribution. When applied to the attitude attribution paradigm, it is shown both via postdiction and prospectively that people's attitude attributions are potentially coherent according to the model. Implications for discounting and augmenting, interactions between causes, the fundamental attribution error and correspondence bias, and cross-cultural attribution research are discussed, and recommendations are given for improving theory and research.
Evaluation of Model-Enhanced Ultrasound-Assisted Interventional Guidance in a Cardiac Phantom

Minimizing invasiveness associated with cardiac procedures has led to limited visual access to the target tissues. To address these limitations, we have developed a visualization environment that integrates interventional ultrasound (US) imaging with preoperative anatomical models and virtual representations of the surgical instruments tracked in real time. In this paper, we present a comprehensive evaluation of our model-enhanced US-guidance environment by simulating clinically relevant interventions in vitro . We have demonstrated that model-enhanced US guidance provides a clinically desired targeting accuracy better than 3-mm rms and maintains this level of accuracy even in the case of image-to-patient misalignments that are often encountered in the clinic. These studies emphasize the benefits of integrating real-time imaging with preoperative data to enhance surgical navigation in the absence of direct vision during minimally invasive cardiac interventions.
Clinical Response and Outcome in Patients with Multidrug Resistant Gram-negative Infections

Objective: In this study, frequency and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of multidrug resistant (MDR) microorganisms were evaluated in a referral teaching hospital in Iran. Methods: Patients with MDR Gram-negative pathogens were followed during the course of hospitalization. Demographic data, baseline diseases, type of biological sample, isolated microorganism, type of infection, antibiotic regimen before the availability of the culture result and change in the antibiotic regimen following receiving the antibiogram results, response to the treatment regimen, and duration of hospitalization and patient's outcome were considered variables for each recruited patient. Findings: In 71% of the patients, antibiotic regimens were changed according to the antibiogram results. A carbapenem alone or plus amikacin or ciprofloxacin were selected regimens for patients with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) infections. For patients with probable carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections, a carbapenem plus colistin was the most common antibiotic regimen. Clinical response was detected in 54.5% of the patients who were treated based on the antibiogram results. Clinical response was higher in the ESBL producers (ESBL-P) than the non-ESBL-P infections (75% vs. 52%). However, this difference was not significant (P = 0.09). Most nonresponders (80%) had sepsis due to Klebsiella species. Finally, 41.9% of the patients were discharged from the hospital and 58.2% died. Conclusion: Same as other countries, infections due MDR microorganisms is increasing in the recent years. This type of resistance caused poor clinical response and high rate mortality in the patients.
Neglected Tropical Diseases among Two Indigenous Subtribes in Peninsular Malaysia: Highlighting Differences and Co-Infection of Helminthiasis and Sarcocystosis

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections have been documented among these minority groups since 1938. However the prevalence of STH is still high among these communities. Most studies tend to consider the Orang Asli (indigenous) as a homogenous group. In contrary, different subtribes have their own cultural practices. To understand this variation better, we studied the prevalence and associated factors of STH and other gut parasitic infections among two common subtribes (i.e. Temuan and Temiar). Results showed that the prevalence of the overall STH infections was higher in the Temuan subtribe (53.2% of 171) compared to the Temiar subtribe (52.7% of 98). Trichuris trichiura (46.2%) was the most prevalent parasite in the Temuan subtribe, followed by Ascaris spp. (25.7%) and hookworm (4.1%). In contrast, Ascaris spp. (39.8%) was more prevalent among the Temiar subtribe, preceded by T. trichiura (35.7%) and finally hookworm (8.3%). There were also co-infections of helminthiasis and intestinal protozoa among both Temuan and Temiar subtribes with rates being three times higher among the Temiar compared to Temuan. The most common co-infection was with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii (n = 24; 24.5%, 16.0–33.0), followed by Giardia spp. (n = 3; 3.1%, −0.3–6.5). In Temuan, STH infection individuals were also infected with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii (n = 11; 6.4%, 5.0–13.8), Cryptosporidium spp. (n = 3, 1.8%, −0.2–3.8) and Giardia spp. (n = 2, 1.2%, −0.4–2.8). In comparison, there was no Cryptosporidium spp. detected among the Temiar. However, it was interesting to note that there was an occurrence of co-infection of intestinal helminthiasis and sarcocystosis (intestinal) in a Temiar individual. The last report of sarcocystosis (muscular) among the Orang Asli was in 1978. The present study highlighted the importance of understanding the variation of infections amongst the different Orang Asli subtribes. It is vital to note these differences and use this knowledge to customise effective control measures for the various subtribes.
Research on a novel capacitor clamped multilevel matrix converter

A new multilevel matrix converter that can be applied to medium or high voltage ac drives is presented to alleviate harmonic components in the output voltage. The proposed converter contains six flying capacitors to balance the voltage distribution of series connection bidirectional switch modules and provide middle voltage levels. Stable flying capacitors voltage must be maintained to facilitate the operation of the converter. When the converter is working, the voltage of flying capacitors can be controlled by swapping two switching modes with opposite charging current corresponding to each middle voltage levels. A simple output voltage vector synthesis method is described and utilized. The operation and commutation strategies are discussed. Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the proposed converter. Comparisons are made between proposed converter and conventional matrix converter.
Choosing a model to predict hospital admission: an observational study of new variants of predictive models for case finding

Objectives To test the performance of new variants of models to identify people at risk of an emergency hospital admission. We compared (1) the impact of using alternative data sources (hospital inpatient, A&E, outpatient and general practitioner (GP) electronic medical records) (2) the effects of local calibration on the performance of the models and (3) the choice of population denominators. Design Multivariate logistic regressions using person-level data adding each data set sequentially to test value of additional variables and denominators. Setting 5 Primary Care Trusts within England. Participants 1 836 099 people aged 18–95 registered with GPs on 31 July 2009. Main outcome measures Models to predict hospital admission and readmission were compared in terms of the positive predictive value and sensitivity for various risk strata and with the receiver operating curve C statistic. Results The addition of each data set showed moderate improvement in the number of patients identified with little or no loss of positive predictive value. However, even with inclusion of GP electronic medical record information, the algorithms identified only a small number of patients with no emergency hospital admissions in the previous 2 years. The model pooled across all sites performed almost as well as the models calibrated to local data from just one site. Using population denominators from GP registers led to better case finding. Conclusions These models provide a basis for wider application in the National Health Service. Each of the models examined produces reasonably robust performance and offers some predictive value. The addition of more complex data adds some value, but we were unable to conclude that pooled models performed less well than those in individual sites. Choices about model should be linked to the intervention design. Characteristics of patients identified by the algorithms provide useful information in the design/costing of intervention strategies to improve care coordination/outcomes for these patients.