Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pervasive, yet idiosyncratic, epistatic pleiotropy during adaptation in a behaviourally complex microbe

Understanding how multiple mutations interact to jointly impact multiple ecologically important traits is critical for creating a robust picture of organismal fitness and the process of adaptation. However, this is complicated by both environmental heterogeneity and the complexity of genotype‐to‐phenotype relationships generated by pleiotropy and epistasis. Moreover, little is known about how pleiotropic and epistatic relationships themselves change over evolutionary time. The soil bacterium Myxococcus xanthus employs several distinct social traits across a range of environments. Here, we use an experimental lineage of M. xanthus that evolved a novel form of social motility to address how interactions between epistasis and pleiotropy evolve. Specifically, we test how mutations accumulated during selection on soft agar pleiotropically affect several other social traits (hard agar motility, predation and spore production). Relationships between changes in swarming rate in the selective environment and the four other traits varied greatly over time in both direction and magnitude, both across timescales of the entire evolutionary lineage and individual evolutionary time steps. We also tested how a previously defined epistatic interaction is pleiotropically expressed across these traits. We found that phenotypic effects of this epistatic interaction were highly correlated between soft and hard agar motility, but were uncorrelated between soft agar motility and predation, and inversely correlated between soft agar motility and spore production. Our results show that ‘epistatic pleiotropy’ varied greatly in magnitude, and often even in sign, across traits and over time, highlighting the necessity of simultaneously considering the interacting complexities of pleiotropy and epistasis when studying the process of adaptation.
Catalytic-Site Mutations in the MYST Family Histone Acetyltransferase Esa1

Esa1 is the only essential histone acetyltransferase (HAT) in budding yeast. It is the catalytic subunit of at least two multiprotein complexes, NuA4 and Piccolo NuA4 (picNuA4), and its essential function is believed to be its catalytic HAT activity. To examine the role of Esa1 in DNA damage repair, we isolated viable esa1 mutants with a range of hypersensitivities to the toposide camptothecin. Here we show that the sensitivity of these mutants to a variety of stresses is inversely proportional to their level of histone H4 acetylation, demonstrating the importance of Esa1 catalytic activity for resistance to genotoxic stress. Surprisingly, individual mutations in two residues directly involved in catalysis were not lethal even though the mutant enzymes appear catalytically inactive both in vivo and in vitro. However, the double-point mutant is lethal, demonstrating that the essential function of Esa1 relies on residues within the catalytic pocket but not catalysis. We propose that the essential function of Esa1 may be to bind acetyl-CoA or lysine substrates and positively regulate the activities of NuA4 and Piccolo NuA4.
Proactive diagnosis: how professional service firms sustain client dialogue

Purpose – This paper seeks to contribute to the discussion of relationship marketing in professional services firms (PSF). The process of dialogical interaction with clients is central to relationship marketing. However, client dialogue may fall dormant if not properly cultivated by employees of the PSF, that is, by professionals. This inductive study aims to investigate how professionals sustain a fruitful client dialogue by proactively introducing additional client problems to the dialogue.Design/methodology/approach – Extensive field research with a “Big Four” accounting firm and 11 client companies inductively generates a framework to describe how professionals engage in proactive diagnosis of client problems to introduce these problems to the client dialogue. The framework is grounded in 49 focused interviews with professionals and client managers, as well as supplementary interviews, observations, and firm documents.Findings – The suggested framework consists of the components of proactive diagnosis.
Heat stress induces intestinal injury through lysosome- and mitochondria-dependent pathway in vivo and in vitro

Damage to the small intestine secondary to heat stroke is a major factor in heat stroke-related morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms by which heat stroke causes small intestinal lesions and dysfunction remain unclear. To explore the pathogenesis of small intestinal tissue and epithelial cell injury, the SW480 cell heat stress model and the mice heat stroke model were established to mimic heat stroke. Morphologic changes in intestinal tissue and increased TUNEL-positive index were induced by heat stress in vivo. Heat stress activated the lysosomal-mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in SW480 cells, increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species and causing lysosomal membrane permeabilization with subsequent release of cathepsin B to the cytosol, mitochondrial depolarization, and cytochrome C release to cytosol. An increase in the Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase-9 and caspase-3 were observed. N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine was shown to inhibit ROS generation, suppress permeabilization of lysosomal membranes, decrease levels of cathepsin B and cytochrome C in the cytosol, and inhibit Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity both in vitro and in vivo. Mitochondrial damage was alleviated when the models were pre-treated with CA-074 Me both in vitro and in vivo, decreasing cathepsin B and cytochrome C levels in the cytosol, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity. In our models, heat stress-induced apoptosis of small intestinal tissue and epithelial cells through accumulation of ROS and activation of the lysosomal–mitochondrial apoptotic pathway involved the release of cathepsin B. These findings may offer potentially pharmaceutical targets and strategies to repair intestinal injury caused by heat stroke.
Infrequently expressed miRNAs influence survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer

Half of miRNAs expressed in colorectal tissue are expressed < 50% of the population. Many infrequently expressed miRNAs have low levels of expression. We hypothesize that less frequently expressed miRNAs, when expressed at higher levels, influence both disease stage and survival after diagnosis with colorectal cancer (CRC); low levels of expression may be background noise. We examine 304 infrequently expressed miRNAs in 1893 population-based cases of CRC with paired carcinoma and normal mucosa miRNA profiles. We evaluate miRNAs with disease stage and survival after adjusting for age, study center, sex, MSI status, and AJCC stage. These miRNAs were further evaluated with RNA-Seq data to identify miRNA::mRNA associations that may provide insight into the functionality of miRNAs. Eleven miRNAs were associated with advanced disease stage among colon cancer patients (Q value = 0.10). Eight infrequently expressed miRNAs influenced survival if highly expressed in overall CRC. Of these, five increased likelihood of dying if they were highly expressed, i.e. miR-124-3p, miR-143-5p, miR-145-3p, miR31-5p, and miR-99b-5p, while three were associated with better survival if highly expressed, i.e. miR-362-5p, miR-374a-5p, and miR-590-5p. Thirteen miRNAs infrequently expressed in colon-specific carcinoma tissue were associated with CRC survival if highly expressed. Evaluation of miRNAs::mRNA associations showed that mRNA expression influenced by infrequently expressed miRNA contributed to networks and pathways shown to influence disease progression and prognosis. Our large study enabled us to examine the implications of infrequently expressed miRNAs after removal of background noise. These results require replication in other studies. Confirmation of our findings in other studies could lead to important markers for prognosis.
A commentary on agility in humanitarian aid supply chains

Purpose – This paper aims to provide a commentary and an overview of developments in the field of humanitarianism that could impact theoretical understanding of agility in humanitarian aid supply chains over the past decade. Design/methodology/approach – Authors review papers published on agility in humanitarian aid supply chains from 2006 to 2015 in the four leading Emerald-published logistics and supply chain management journals. These are: Supply Chain Management: An International Journal (SCMIJ); International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management (IJPDLM); International Journal of Operations and Production Management (IJOPM); and Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management (JHLSCM). This paper presents an overview and update of developments that have the potential to influence current thinking and understanding about agility in humanitarian aid supply chains, and humanitarian aid supply chains in general. Findings – Humanitarianism and the environment of Humanita.
Study on Customer Satisfaction Level at Hypermarkets in Indian Retail Industry

Satisfying customers is one of the main objectives of every business. Businesses recognize that keeping current customers is more profitable than having to win new ones to replace those lost. Management and marketing theorists underscore the importance of customer satisfaction for a business’s success. Customer satisfaction is the key factor in knowing the success of any retail store or business, therefore it is very important to measure it and to find the factors which affect the customer satisfaction. Customers are most likely to appreciate the goods and services that they buy if they are made to feel special. This occurs when they feel that the goods and services that they buy have been specially produced for them or for people like them. It should be always keep measuring in order to get feedback for the product and service in order to develop it further with wide customization. Customer satisfaction refers to the extent to which customers are happy with the products and services provided by a business. Customer satisfaction levels can be measured using survey techniques and questionnaires. Gaining high levels of customer satisfaction is very important to a business because satisfied customers are most likely to be loyal and to make repeat orders and to use a wide range of services offered by a business. Customer satisfaction is an asset that should be monitored and managed just like any physical asset. This is true for both service-oriented and product-oriented organizations.
Factors Affecting in Use of Educational Technology Campus and Higher Education Centers University of Farhangian of Isfahan

The aim of the present study was reviews the factors affecting utilizing educational technology in higher education centers and campus of the University of Isfahan. Research methodology was descriptive and survey. The statistical community research was campus and centers of higher education Teachers University of Isfahan between 115 people. The sample size using the formula sampling Cochran was an estimated 85 people. The results of the research showed the role of evaluation of performance, appropriate curriculum, teachers, professors, knowledge skills and attitudes desirable plant and equipment, in taking advantage of the higher than average levels of educational technology.
The creation of organizational capabilities: evidence from a multinational company

Purpose – This paper aims to provide empirical evidence concerning the process by which micro‐processes develop and maintain three organizational capabilities: technical and productive capabilities and the capability to engender trust among employees.Design/methodology/approach – The research employs in‐depth case study to provide a longitudinal study spanning 37 years (1971‐2008). The material was collected from available company documents and semi‐structured interviews. In total, 151 interviews were collected from members of the workforce, union leaders, managers, advisors, suppliers, and contractors.Findings – The paper illustrates three characteristics of capabilities: problem solving and complexity, practicing and success, and reliability over time. Additionally, it also illustrates the organizational capability paradox by narrating specific events and illustrating three of its causes: path dependency and lock in, structural inertia, and the absence of a capability dynamization function. The case stu.
Revisiting the anomalous distributions of EPS forecast errors

Intuitively, forecast error distributions should have zero means and variances that increase with scale. However, prior evidence suggests the opposite for EPS forecast errors: a) means increase with share price, suggesting forecasts become more pessimistic as price increases; b) but variances do not, suggesting forecast error magnitudes are compressed more as price increases. We find that much of the differential compression is achieved by managers differentially smoothing volatility of reported EPS, using accruals to offset cash flow shocks. Our evidence suggests earnings smoothing is pervasive and substantial, especially for high price firms. Any remaining difference in forecast error magnitudes is eliminated by managers of high price firms guiding analysts more. Differential analyst guidance is also responsible for forecast pessimism increasing with price, which in turn causes the likelihood of missing/meeting/beating forecasts to vary with price. We find that investors recognize these managerial efforts to alter the distribution of forecast errors and adjust for differential earnings smoothing and forecast guidance. For example, high price firms are associated with a) negative price responses when beating forecast by a penny, because forecasts are systematically very pessimistic, and b) unusually large price responses per cent of observed forecast error, because forecast errors are highly compressed. The paper has benefited from comments provided by two anonymous reviewers, Ryan Ball, Sudipta Basu, Sanjeev Bhojraj, Shuping Chen, Adam Koch, S.P. Kothari, Christian Leuz, Nathan Marshall, Krish Menon, Eddie Riedl, K. Sivaramakrishnan, and seminar participants at AAA annual meetings, FARS midyear meeting, Baruch College, Boston University, Berkeley, Erasmus, University of Illinois at Chicago, Indian School of Business, Indiana, Rutgers, Singapore Management University, Temple, Virginia, Wharton, and Yale. We thank Ian Gow for suggesting the ERC implication and the Yale School of Management for financial support.
Empirical Analysis of Stock Returns of Banks in China's A-Share Markets

This paper first uses the CAPM to explore the relationship between market β and weekly stock returns of 14 publicly listed banks in China's Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets for the period of 2007 to 2009. The results seem to follow the assumption of the CAPM theory. All constant coefficient αi are very close to zero, and market βs are around 1, implying that there is a presence of tradeoff relationship between the beta and stock returns. Furthermore, we examine the cross-sectional relationship between average stock returns of 14 banks and risk factors. The analysis results are striking, and show to be consistent with the findings of the majority of empirical studies on non-financial firms. The average stock returns are significantly related to size, earnings-price ratio, and book-to-price ratio. The beta and trading volume exert a positive impact on the average returns, but not statistically significant. In addition, we take advantage of econometric methods and software (Eview6.0) to test series stationarity and serial correlation in order to identify the empirical results run by the regression equation.
Composite Loads in Stand-Alone Inverter-Based Microgrids—Modeling Procedure and Effects on Load Margin

This paper details a modeling procedure that incorporates composite loads in stand-alone microgrids in which, because of the low system inertia provided by inverter-interfaced generation units, the grid dynamics is not neglected. The paper introduces a methodology based on 1) separately treating the plants (RL grid elements) from reference frames and control systems; and 2) establishing a vector valued function to methodologically describe all plants in a similar way. Induction motors equations are rearranged to be integrated within the model, giving as a result a highly structured, compact system model. Next, bifurcation theory is adapted to the problem to show that composite loads are a need in the microgrid modeling if more realistic results about oscillations and mainly about load margin are pursued. Thanks to the modeling procedure, this is proven by means of a series of analyses conducted in a microgrid of considerable larger dimensions than those presented to date in the literature.
Perceived Determinants of E-Commerce Audit Judgment Expertise

A global survey of 203 E-commerce auditors was conducted to investigate the perceived determinants of expertise in E-commerce audits. We hypothesize and find evidence indicating that information technology and communication expertise are positively related to expertise in E-commerce audit judgment. We also find that system change management expertise and information technology audit expertise mediate this relationship.
Optimizing Triangulation of Implicit Surface Based on Quadric Error Metrics

In this paper, based on quadric error metrics, we present an hybrid approach to optimize triangulation created from implicit surface with sharp features. The approach first uses a resampling process to update vertices positions of initial triangulation. A dual mesh of the triangulation is at the same time constructed to restrict the updated positions and to project the new positions onto the implicit surface. Each vertex position of the updated triangulation is then optimized by minimizing the squared distances from the vertex to tangent planes of the implicit surface at the corresponding vertex of the modified dual mesh. The optimization process combines with a curvature-dependent adaptive mesh subdivision. Our method uses an error metrics to measure deviation between the vertices in final triangulation and the implicit surface.
Performance, HR Practices and the HR Manager in Small Entrepreneurial Firms

Abstract Research indicating a positive relationship between effective Human Resource (HR) activities (high-performance work systems [HPWS]) and performance has focused primarily on large organizations. The present study provides evidence that the relationship also holds for small firms. As well, the presence of an HR manager is related to having HPWS. However, the effects of firm size on the presence of an HR manager, the incidence of HPWS, and on organizational performance were insignificant. Differences between our findings and similar research are also discussed.
It's Not Just a Job Anymore: The Influence of Cultural Change on Student Services Staff in a Community College

Today’s colleges and universities operate in a complex environment characterized by rapid and unrelenting change, and nowhere do the challenges inherent in change more directly impact students than in the delivery of student services. The need to integrate new models of service delivery, data-driven approaches to enrollment management, greater accountability for student success, stronger emphasis on customer service, and provision of “anytime, anyplace” services through technology are readily evident. Yet, many institutions are finding that their internal cultures are unreceptive, even hostile, toward adopting needed changes. This qualitative case study focusing on a 4- year purposeful change initiative at a community college was conducted to provide higher educational leaders with a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the influence of cultural change on student services staff. The results of this study indicated that student services staff constituted a distinct subculture that perceived, experienced, responded to, and influenced planned change differently from other subcultural groups. Specifically, student services staff more demonstrably supported the purpose of the change initiative; identified empowerment, inclusion and involvement in college decision-making, and improved lines of communication as the most important impacts of the change process; and expressed strong confidence regarding the sustainability of the changes that had occurred. Student services staff also indicated that they found greater meaning and developed stronger commitment to their work as a result of the change process. As a result of these findings, implications and strategies that may be helpful in designing and implementing a successful planned change initiative involving student services personnel are presented.
Population Aging and Households? Saving in the Russian Federation

Using household data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, this paper assesses how aging affects saving. To overcome a systematic bias against the life-cycle hypothesis of survey data, the paper estimates how the age profile of saving changes when the micro data are corrected to account for the contribution to pensions (as additional saving) and receipt of benefits from pensions (as dissaving). With these corrections, the Russian data support the life-cycle hypothesis. A small decline in the aggregate saving rate, because of aging, can thus be expected. However, since aggregate saving rates result from a combination of age and cohort effects, this decline may not be significant. When extrapolating the rising trends of the cohort effect, the fact that younger generations are earning and saving more than older generation at the same age, the projection shows a growing aggregate saving rate. The changes in saving of future cohorts, for example because of changes in the growth rate of the economy, can affect the aggregate saving rate even more than aging.
Mitigation Processes – Antecedents for Building supply chain resilience

Purpose – This study aims to combine theory and practice to develop an integrated supply chain resilience framework by investigating the inter-dependencies between the strategic literature based concept of supply chain resilience and operational practitioner based disaster management processes. Design/methodology/approach – Utilising an in-depth qualitative case of a collaborative agency, this study identifies best practices within disaster management for insights on the operationalisation of supply chain resilience. Findings – The empirical data leads to the development of an integrated supply chain resilience framework capturing the interplay of disaster management processes and capabilities required to build supply chain resilience. The critical importance of mitigation processes in building supply chain resilience is highlighted. Practical implications – The generic supply chain resilience framework represents a valuable guide for managers when directing resources and planning for building the capabil.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation: using a law of physics to treat psychopathology.

maybealleviated byeither high-frequency rTMSoverthe left DLPFC or low-frequency rTMSover the rightDLPFC.Wemayhave,forthefirst time, awayto selec-tively and noninvasively "tune" the cerebral cortex tocorrectorcompensatefortheneuronaldysfunctionthatproducespsychopathologyorneurologicaldisease.TMSis currently being tested for therapeutic effectsin other psychiatric disorders, with encouraging pre-liminary results. Greenberg et