Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategies for fine-mapping complex traits

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of robust and replicable genetic associations for complex disease. However, the identification of the causal variants that underlie these associations has been more difficult. This problem of fine-mapping association signals predates GWAS, but the last few years have seen a surge of studies aimed at pinpointing causal variants using both statistical evidence from large association data sets and functional annotations of genetic variants. Combining these two approaches can often determine not only the causal variant but also the target gene. Recent contributions include analyses of custom genotyping arrays, such as the Immunochip, statistical methods to identify credible sets of causal variants and the addition of functional genomic annotations for coding and non-coding variation to help prioritize variants and discern functional consequence and hence the biological basis of disease risk.
Variable-Order Finite Difference Scheme for Numerical Simulation in 3-D Poroelastic Media

The numerical simulation of wave fields in 3-D poroelastic media can give a better understanding of elastic properties, deformation characteristics of rocks, and interaction with pore fluids. However, the wave equations in 3-D poroelastic media include more equations, and the size of geophysical model for practical reservoir is immense. Therefore, numerical simulation is time consuming. In order to improve the efficiency, we proposed variable-order staggered-grid (SG) finite difference (FD) method to solve 3-D poroelastic wave equations. In this method, different orders of SGFD scheme can be selected for different velocities in a heterogeneous poroelastic model by restricting the dispersion parameters within a tolerable threshold. We derive the dispersion relation, numerical dispersion relation, and stability condition for 3-D poroelastic media using plane wave analysis and SGFD scheme. Based on the numerical dispersion relation of slow P-wave, S-wave, and fast P-wave, we restrict the average of dispersion parameters of the three waves within a given range; the orders of the SGFD scheme can be calculated for different velocities. Dispersion analysis shows that the variable-order SGFD method can maintain the accuracy compared with the fixed-order SGFD method. We use three numerical examples, which include laterally homogeneous model, a simplified overthrust model, and a geophysical model in a desert area in China, to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. The numerical results confirm that the variable-order SGFD method can reduce the computation time efficiently and still ensure the accuracy.
On Capacities of the Two-User Union Channel With Complete Feedback

The exact values of the optimal symmetric rate point in the Cover–Leung capacity region of the two-user union channel with complete feedback were determined by Willems when the size of the input alphabet is 2, and by Vinck et al. when the size is at least 6. We complete this line of research when the size of the input alphabet is 3, 4, or 5. The proof hinges on the technical lemma that concerns the maximal joint entropy of two independent random variables in terms of their probability of equality. For the zero-error capacity region, using superposition coding, we provide a practical near-optimal communication scheme which improves all the previous explicit constructions.
Mining DoS attack sequences on Network Traffic using Fuzzy Time Interval

Intrusion of network which couldn't be analyzed, detected and prevented may make whole network system paralyze while the abnormal detection can prevent it by detecting the known and unknown character of data. Many intrusions aren’t composed by single events, but by a series of attack steps in chronological order. Analyzing the order in which events occur can improve the attack detection accuracy and reduce false alarms. Intrusion is a multi step process in which a number of events must occur sequentially in order to launch a successful attack. Although conventional sequential patterns can reveal the order of attack events, the time between events can also be determined but it causes the sharp boundary problem. That is, when a time interval is near the boundary of two predetermined time ranges, one either ignore or overemphasize it. Therefore, this paper uses the concept of fuzzy sets so that Dos attack sequential patterns are discovered on network traffic in fuzzy time interval. In this paper, an apriori based candidate generation algorithm has been implemented with Fuzzy time intervals to detect Dos attack sequences. The experimental results are also compared with the dataset which is generated by the SPMF sequential dataset generator.
SCORE: a scalable concolic testing tool for reliable embedded software

Current industrial testing practices often generate test cases in a manual manner, which degrades both the effectiveness and efficiency of testing. To alleviate this problem, concolic testing generates test cases that can achieve high coverage in an automated fashion. One main task of concolic testing is to extract symbolic information from a concrete execution of a target program at runtime. Thus, a design decision on how to extract symbolic information affects efficiency, effectiveness, and applicability of concolic testing. We have developed a Scalable COncolic testing tool for REliable embedded software (SCORE) that targets embedded C programs. SCORE instruments a target C program to extract symbolic information and applies concolic testing to a target program in a scalable manner by utilizing a large number of distributed computing nodes. In this paper, we describe our design decisions that are implemented in SCORE and demonstrate the performance of SCORE through the experiments on the SIR benchmarks.
New polyvinylchloride plasticizers

Author: MAZITOVA Aliya Karamovna, Doctor of Chemistry, Professor, Head of Department «Applied and Natural Sciences», Ufa State Petroleum Technological University; Mendeleev St., 195, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia, 450080, elenaasf@yandex.ru; Author: AMINOVA Guliya Karamovna, Doctor of Engineering; Ufa State Petroleum Technological University; Mendeleev St., 195, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia, 450080, aminovagk@inbox.ru; Author: MASKOVA Albina Rafitovna, PhD of Engineering; Ufa State Petroleum Technological University; Mendeleev St., 195, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia, 450080, asunasf@mail.ru; Author: SABITOV Ildar Narimanovich, PhD of Architecture, Professor, Head of Department «Architecture», Ufa State Petroleum Technological University; Mendeleev St., 195, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia, 450080, 095_ugntu@rambler.ru; Author: NEDOSEKO Igor Vadimovich, Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University; Mendeleev St., 195, Ufa, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia, 450080, nedoseko1964@mail.ru
Utility of a Systematic Approach to Teaching Photographic Nasal Analysis to Otolaryngology Residents

Importance Photographic nasal analysis constitutes a critical step along the path toward accurate diagnosis and precise surgical planning in rhinoplasty. The learned process by which one assesses photographs, analyzes relevant anatomical landmarks, and generates a global view of the nasal aesthetic is less widely described. Objectives To discern the common pitfalls in performing photographic nasal analysis and to quantify the utility of a systematic approach model in teaching photographic nasal analysis to otolaryngology residents. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective observational study included 20 participants from a university-based otolaryngology residency program. The control and intervention groups underwent baseline graded assessment of 3 patients. The intervention group received instruction on a systematic approach model for nasal analysis, and both groups underwent postintervention testing at 10 weeks. Data were collected from October 1, 2015, through June 1, 2016. Intervention A 10-minute, 11-slide presentation provided instruction on a systematic approach to nasal analysis to the intervention group. Main Outcomes and Measures Graded photographic nasal analysis using a binary 18-point system. Results The 20 otolaryngology residents (15 men and 5 women; age range, 24-34 years) were adept at mentioning dorsal deviation and dorsal profile with focused descriptions of tip angle and contour. Areas commonly omitted by residents included verification of the Frankfort plane, position of the lower lateral crura, radix position, and ratio of the ala to tip lobule. The intervention group demonstrated immediate improvement after instruction on the teaching model, with the mean (SD) postintervention test score doubling compared with their baseline performance (7.5 [2.7] vs 10.3 [2.5]; P < .001). At 10 weeks after the intervention, the mean comparative improvement in overall graded nasal analysis was 17% (95% CI, 10%-23%; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance Otolaryngology residents demonstrated proficiency at incorporating nasal deviation, tip angle, and dorsal profile contour into their nasal analysis. They often omitted verification of the Frankfort plane, position of lower lateral crura, radix depth, and ala-to-tip lobule ratio. Findings with this novel 10-minute teaching model should be validated at other teaching institutions, and the instruction model should be further enhanced to teach more sophisticated analysis to residents as they proceed through training. Level of Evidence NA.
Alphorn: a remote procedure call environment for fault-tolerant, heterogeneous, distributed systems

Alphorn, a software environment for programming distributed computer systems, is described. Programs running on different computers, possibly of different types and running different operating systems, communicate in a client-server relationship by means of remote procedure calls. This efficient construct structures programs neatly. The paper covers distributed process control, Alphorn's object-based programming style, remote procedure calls, the service interface language, configuration, runtime and debugging, and fault tolerance support. <<ETX>>
ARMvisor : System Virtualization for ARM

In recent years, system virtualization technology has gradually shifted its focus from data centers to embedded systems for enhancing security, simplifying the process of application porting as well as increasing system robustness and reliability. In traditional servers, which are mostly based on x86 or PowerPC processors, Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) is a commonly adopted virtual machine monitor. However, there are no such KVM implementations available for the ARM architecture which dominates modern embedded systems. In order to understand the challenges of system virtualization for embedded systems, we have implemented a hypervisor, called ARMvisor, which is based on KVM for the ARM architecture. In a typical hypervisor, there are three major components: CPU virtualization, memory virtualization, and I/O virtualization. For CPU virtualization, ARMvisor uses traditional “trap and emulate” to deal with sensitive instructions. Since there is no hardware support for virtualization in ARM architecture V6 and earlier, we have to patch the guest OS to force critical instructions to trap. For memory virtualization, the functionality of the MMU, which translates a guest virtual address to host physical address, is emulated. In ARMvisor, a shadow page table is dynamically allocated to avoid the inefficiency and inflexibility of static allocation for the guest OSes. In addition, ARMvisor uses R-Map to take care of protecting the memory space of the guest OS. For I/O virtualization, ARMvisor relies on QEMU to emulate I/O devices. We have implemented KVM on ARM-based Linux kernel for all three components in ARMvisor. At this time, we can successfully run a guest Ubuntu system on an Ubuntu host OS with ARMvisor on the ARM-based TI BeagleBoard.
Impromptu everyday disclosure dances: how women with fibromyalgia respond to disclosure risks at work

Abstract Purpose: Findings from a study examining how women with fibromyalgia remain employed are used to explicate a conceptualization that adds to literature on workplace disclosure of stigmatized illnesses and impairments: disclosure dances that employees improvise in response to workplace-relationships needs and disclosure risks. Methods: Critical-discourse-analysis (CDA) methodology framed the study. Data were collected through 26 semi-structured, individual interviews with participant triads or dyads comprising women with fibromyalgia, family members and supervisors or co-workers. Interviews with managers who supervised disabled employees other than the women supplemented these data. Following coding, data were compared within and across triads/dyads through code-dimension summaries, narrative summaries and relational diagrams. Results: Women with fibromyalgia and other stigmatized illnesses improvised everyday disclosures when they needed to explain fluctuating work ability, when others needed reminding about invisible impairments, and when workplace relationships changed. These impromptu disclosures comprised three dimensions: exposing oneself to scrutiny by disclosing both illness and impairments, divulging stigmatized illness, and revealing invisible impairments selectively. Conclusion: Through impromptu disclosure dances, women tailored disclosure to changing immediate circumstances. While assumptions from psychological theories of risk underlie current conceptualizations of disclosure as planned in advance, this article examines disclosure through a different lens: social theories of everyday risk. Implications for rehabilitation For women with fibromyalgia, disclosing illness and impairments at work may entail risks to their jobs and workplace relationships. Rehabilitation professionals need to consider these risks when advising women with fibromyalgia about disclosing their illness and impairments at work. Professionals may first want to learn from clients about their workplace cultures and relationships, and their perceptions of disclosure risk. Professionals can then suggest a range of disclosure responses, depending on the relationship and risk.
The Effect of Efficient Bioactive Nano-Emulsion Formulation Based on Polylophium involucratum on Improving Quality Features of Green Tiger Pawn Fridge Storage

Background: Food industry experts have tried to use these structures in order to integrate the functional food hydrophobic constituents in food networks in recent years. Objectives: The present research is conducted to investigate the eﬀect of a natural emulsion of Polylophium involucratum essential oil and its function in increasing the storage duration of green tiger prawn. Methods: The antimicrobial feature of the nano-emulsions through agar diﬀusion and the vapor phase, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods are studied. Results: Theaveragesizeof the10% nano-emulsionparticlespreparedwas68.3nanometers. Theaveragediameterof Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichiacoli growthinhibitionzonefornano-emulsioninagardiﬀusionwas10. 4and9mm,respectively. Theaverage diameter of growth inhibition zone in vapor phase diﬀusion for 10% nano-emulsion against both of the mentioned bacteria was zero. MIC and MBC amounts for 10% nano-emulsion obtained 50000 µ g/L against S. aureus and 25000 µ g/L for E. coli . Moreover, pH, weightdecreasepercentage,andtotalviablecount(TVC),andpsychrotrophictotalcount(PTC)microbialindicesinnano-emulsion treatments underwent fewer changes as compared with the control treatment. In addition, color evaluation results indicated that meaningful changes do not exist between nano-emulsion treatments (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Using 10% nano-emulsion based on Polylophium involucratum is recommended for decreasing the microbial count and enhancing the storage.
The Significance of Sexuality and Intimacy in the Lives of Older African Americans With HIV/AIDS.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Aging and HIV/AIDS research focuses primarily on standardized clinical, social, and behavioral measures, leaving unanswered questions about how this chronic and stigmatizing condition affects life course expectations and the meaning of aging with the disease. Utilizing Gaylene Becker's (1997) life course disruption theory, we explored older African Americans' experiences of living with HIV/AIDS. DESIGN AND METHODS A purposive sample (N = 43) of seropositive African Americans aged 50 and older was selected from a parent study. Thirteen participants completed one semi-structured in-depth interview on life course expectations and experiences of living with HIV/AIDS. Interview transcripts were analyzed using standard qualitative coding and thematic analysis. RESULTS Responding to broad, open-ended questions about the impact of HIV on life course expectations, participants emphasized how HIV limited their ability to experience sexuality and intimacy. Two major themes emerged, damaged sexuality and constrained intimacy. IMPLICATIONS Older African Americans' discussions of living with HIV focused on the importance of and the challenges to sexuality and intimacy. Researchers and clinicians should be attentive to significant and ongoing HIV-related challenges to sexuality and intimacy facing older African Americans living with HIV/AIDS.
Microbial electricity generation via microfluidic flow control

Next generation battery technology is rapidly evolving to meet the demand for higher power densities and smaller footprints through novel catalysts and battery architecture. We present a µ‐scale, biological fuel cell which utilizes microbial electricity generation enabled by microfluidic flow control to produce power. The new fuel cell, the smallest of its kind, with a total volume of 0.3 µL, produces scalable and controllable electrical energy from organic matter which is sustained through microbial respiration and laminar flow separation of the electrolytes. Electrical currents are dependent on specific biofilm formation on the anode, the concentration of electron donor, and a diffusion‐limited flow regime. A maximum current density of 18.40 ± 3.48 mA m−2 (92 ± 17 A m−3) was produced by Geobacter sulfurreducens, and 25.42 mA m−2 (127 A m−3) by Shewanella oneidensis. The µ‐scale biological fuel cell introduces the necessary small size and fuel flexibility for applications in vivo and in situ sensors which may be remotely deployed and self‐powered. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108:2061–2069. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of Healthy Living Wellness Program With Minority Underserved Economically Disadvantaged Older Adults

The purpose of this Roy adaptation model-guided study was to test the effectiveness of a student registered nurse intern-led nursing intervention entitled the Healthy Living Wellness Program. A one-group pretest/posttest preexperimental design was used. The intervention was imparted to minority, underserved, economically disadvantaged older adults (N = 30). Significant findings pre- and postintervention were reported for body mass index, waist circumference, self-reported blood glucose, and weight. The findings supported the effectiveness of the nursing intervention, the Healthy Living Wellness Program, guided by the Roy adaptation model.
On the Basic Properties of g-Circulant Matrix via Generalized k-Horadam Numbers

In this paper, by considering the $g$-circulant matrix $C_{n,g}(H)=g-circ(H_{k,1},H_{k,2},.,H_{k,n})$ whose entries are the generalized $k$-Horadam numbers, we present a new generalization to compute spectral norm, determinant and inverse of $C_{n,g}(H)$. In fact the results in here are the most general statements to obtain the inverses and determinants in such matrices having the elements of all second order sequences.
Preparation and Characterization of Porous Ceramic Body Using Ball Clay

In the past few years, porous ceramic materials having improved microstructure has become very popular due to its wide application in different fields. Now a days there are many techniques such as Polymeric Sponge Replica Technique, Starch consolidation method, Gel Casting method etc. have been developed for the preparation of porous ceramic body with controlled microstructure such as porosity, pore size, pore connectivity etc. In this project work, an effort has been made to prepare porous ceramic body (using Ball clay as raw material) by Polymeric Sponge Replica Technique. Ball clay used as major raw material with some amount of dispersant (sodium silicate) and some samples also prepared with some amount of PVA as binder and also observed the effect of binder on porosity. The optimal viscosity of the slurry for the Sponge replica technique was observed in the range 0.02-1.15 Pa.s. By the sponge replica technique, macroporous ceramic having pore size in the range 400 nm to 4 mm and the porosity 20% to 97% could be obtained. This macroporous body prepared by sponge replica technique can be used in different areas such as molten metal filtration, hot gases filtration etc. Solid loading is the main factor of the slurry was found for the preparation of porous ceramic body of different pore morphology by sponge replica technique. The porosity of the porous samples were measured by vacuum method, the porosity obtained in the range 70-85% and the strength of the samples was found 0.02-1.5 MPa. The microstructure such as pore size, pore connectivity has been analyzed by the FESEM.
Applied Scanning Probe Methods XIII: Biomimetics and Industrial Applications

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The Multi-Core Challenge

Abstract Multi-cores are the contemporary solution to reach a high performance without the need of increasing the clock frequency. Multi-cores integrate two or more cores, i. e. , processors, on a single die. Future multi-cores may comprise hundreds or even thousands of cores and arouse challenges for processor design, system architecture, programming languages, and application programs.