Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing Network Reservation for Tenants in Oversubscribed Clouds

As businesses move their critical IT operations to multi-tenant cloud data centers, it is becoming increasingly important to provide network performance guarantees to individual tenants. Due to the impact of network congestion on the performance of many common cloud applications, recent work has focused on enabling network reservation for individual tenants. Current network reservation methods, however, do not gracefully degrade in the presence of network over subscriptions that may frequently occur in a cloud environment. In this context, for a shared data center network, we introduce Network Satisfaction Ratio (NSR) as a measure of the satisfaction derived by a tenant from a given network reservation. NSR is defined as the ratio of the actual reserved bandwidth to the desired bandwidth of the tenant. Based on NSR, we present a novel network reservation mechanism that can admit time-varying tenant requests and can fairly distribute any degradation in the NSR among the tenants in presence of network over subscription. We evaluate the proposed method using both synthetic network traffic trace and representative data center traffic trace generated by running a reduced data center job trace in a small test bed. The evaluation shows that our method adapts to changes in network reservations, and it provides significant and fair improvement in NSR when the data center network is oversubscribed.
Changes in the action potential and contraction of isolated frog muscle after repetitive stimulation.

The effect of repetitive stimulation of twitch fibres was studied in isolated whole muscle from Rana pipiens. Intracellular electrodes were used for recording membrane potentials, muscle tension was recorded isometrically and the decline of the active state of the contractile elements was determined by the quick release method. Repetitive stimulation caused an increase in the duration of the action potential and in the amplitude of the early negative after-potential. To judge from experiments on fibres with disrupted transverse tubules, the increase in the duration of the action potential is due to changes in the surface membrane, while the increase in the amplitude of the after-potential is related to the transverse tubules. The changes in the action potential and the after-potential were independent of whether or not the muscle contracted and thus cannot be secondary to the contraction. The shape of the action potential and the after-potential returned to normal within 5 min after stimulation at 10/sec for 60 sec while after 30 min there was still an increase in the peak twitch tension and a slower-than-normal decay of the active state in response to test shocks. This indicates that the post-stimulatory potentiation is due to a prolonged active state which, in turn, is due mainly to causes other than changes in the action potential and after-potential.
US Food and Drug Administration approval overview in metastatic breast cancer.

We reviewed trials that supported US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of drugs and biologics for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in the last two decades. This summary provides an overview of the basis for approval, including end points, trial design, major trial findings, and regulatory considerations. Approval of hormonal agents is excluded from this analysis. In the last two decades, 10 products with 14 MBC indications (four for first-line and 10 for second- to third-line treatment) were approved by the FDA. Approval decisions for these 14 indications were supported by a variety of end points that showed a favorable benefit-to-risk profile. Among these 14 indications, four were granted accelerated approval (AA), and 10 were given regular approval (RA). Of the four approved under AA, two have subsequently demonstrated clinical benefit resulting in conversion to RA. We conclude with current FDA thinking on the drug development challenges for the treatment of MBC and recommendations for future trial design. J Clin Oncol 30. © 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Influence of National Culture on Employees' Compliance with Information Systems Security (ISS) Policies: Towards ISS Culture in Ethiopian Companies

Nowadays, IS security is one of the most basic issues that organizations need to focus on. Despite huge investment made by companies to keep their systems safe, there are many security breaches, often caused by insiders. Most investments in security are for technological solutions; however, they are often insufficient and the literature suggests there is one significant element that has been given little attention, the human factor. This research addresses this area and expands current research by investigating the role of culture in security, answering the question “To what extent, if any, is there a relationship between national cultural dimensions and employees’ attitude towards Information Systems Security (ISS) policy compliance? ” The research builds and tests an empirical model that shows the relationship of national cultural dimensions, security theory-derived constructs and awareness with employees’ compliance behavior to ISS policies in Ethiopian companies. A survey will be used to collect data.
Antimicrobial activity of some macrophytes from Lake Manzalah (Egypt).

The antimicrobial activities of aqueous and organic solvents (chloroform, ethanol and methanol) extracts of four plants Ceratophyllum demersum L. , Eichhornia crassipes, Potamogeton crispus and Potamogeton pectinatus were tested in vitro against seventeen different microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Nine of these identified organisms were obtained from different sources, Bacillus subtilis 1020, Bacillus cereus 1080, Staphylococcus aureus, Erwinia carotovora NCPPB 312, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium italicum. The other eight organisms were isolated from Manzalah lake water and identified using API 20E strip system (BioMereux). One hundred pathogenic bacterial isolates representing eight genera were identified to species level. These organisms are Escherichia coli (20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14%), Salmonella colerasuis (13%), Shigella sp. (11%), Serratia liquefaciens (10%), Proteus vulgaris (9%) and Brenneria nigrifluens (7%). The extracts of all tested plants demonstrated antimicrobial activity against the used organisms. The efficiency of the extracts varied with, solvent used in the extraction as well as plant species and the part of plant used. The aqueous extract appeared to be the highly effective extract against all tested organisms especially Fusarium oxysporum causing inhibition zone 48 +/- 0.01 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 59 +/- 0.02 mm and Salmonella cholerasuis 55 +/- 0.01 mm when using P. crispus, P. pectinatus and C. demersum, respectively. Ethanol extracts of C. demersum, P. crispus and E. crassipes root showed antimicrobial activities against all tested organisms except Aspergillus niger. At the same time the extract of P. pectinatus had no effect also on Fusarium oxysporum and the extract of E. crassipes leaves have no effect on Penicillium italicum. On using chloroform extracts Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium italicum showed resistance. Comparing the effect of different plants extracts C. demersum appeared to be the most effective followed by P. pectinatus. Furthermore, the extracts of E. crassipes leaves being more effective than that, of its roots. Elemental analysis were also takes place in water and plant samples and the results revealed the presence of Mn and Pb in higher concentration in P. pectinatus (Mn 603 +/- 4.243 ppm and Pb 44 +/- 2.828 ppm), at the same time the highest values of Fe 1680 +/- 2.2 ppm, Zn 31.5 +/- 2.1 ppm and Cu 26.5 +/- 2.1 ppm were recorded for C. demersum. Comparing the two parts of E. crassipes (leaves and roots), the roots have the highest values of all studied metals.
Density-biased clustering based on reservoir sampling

Clustering is a task of grouping data based on similarity. A popular k-means algorithm groups data by firstly assigning all data points to the closest clusters, then determining the cluster means. The algorithm repeats these two steps until it has converged. We propose a variation called weighted k-means to improve the clustering scalability. To speed up the clustering process, we develop the reservoir-biased sampling as an efficient data reduction technique since it performs a single scan over a data set. Our algorithm has been designed to group data of mixture models. We present an experimental evaluation of the proposed method.
MAGES: A Multilingual Angle-integrated Grouping-based Entity Summarization System

This demo presents MAGES (multilingual angle-integrated grouping-based entity summarization), an entity summarization system for a large knowledge base such as DBpedia based on a entity-group-bound ranking in a single integrated entity space across multiple language-specific editions. MAGES offers a multilingual angle-integrated space model, which has the advantage of overcoming missing semantic tags (i.e., categories) caused by biases in different language communities, and can contribute to the creation of entity groups that are well-formed and more stable than the monolingual condition within it. MAGES can help people quickly identify the essential points of the entities when they search or browse a large volume of entity-centric data. Evaluation results on the same experimental data demonstrate that our system produces a better summary compared with other representative DBpedia entity summarization methods.
3D ordinal constraint in spatial configuration for robust scene recognition

This paper proposes a scene recognition strategy that integrates the appearance based local SURF features and the geometry based 3D ordinal constraint. Firstly, we show that spatial ordinal ranks of 3D landmarks are well correlated across large camera viewpoint and view direction changes and thus serve as a powerful tool for scene recognition. Secondly, ordinal depth information is acquired in a simple and robust manner when the camera undergoes a bio-mimic `turn-back-and-look¿(TBL) motion. Thirdly, a scene recognition strategy is proposed by combining local SURF feature matches and global 3D rank correlation coefficient into the scene recognition decision process. The performance is validated and evaluated over four indoor and outdoor databases.
Air-Leak Effects on Ear-Canal Acoustic Absorbance

Objective: Accurate ear-canal acoustic measurements, such as wideband acoustic admittance, absorbance, and otoacoustic emissions, require that the measurement probe be tightly sealed in the ear canal. Air leaks can compromise the validity of the measurements, interfere with calibrations, and increase variability. There are no established procedures for determining the presence of air leaks or criteria for what size leak would affect the accuracy of ear-canal acoustic measurements. The purpose of this study was to determine ways to quantify the effects of air leaks and to develop objective criteria to detect their presence. Design: Air leaks were simulated by modifying the foam tips that are used with the measurement probe through insertion of thin plastic tubing. To analyze the effect of air leaks, acoustic measurements were taken with both modified and unmodified foam tips in brass-tube cavities and human ear canals. Measurements were initially made in cavities to determine the range of critical leaks. Subsequently, data were collected in ears of 21 adults with normal hearing and normal middle-ear function. Four acoustic metrics were used for predicting the presence of air leaks and for quantifying these leaks: (1) low-frequency admittance phase (averaged over 0.1–0.2 kHz), (2) low-frequency absorbance, (3) the ratio of compliance volume to physical volume (CV/PV), and (4) the air-leak resonance frequency. The outcome variable in this analysis was the absorbance change (&Dgr;absorbance), which was calculated in eight frequency bands. Results: The trends were similar for both the brass cavities and the ear canals. &Dgr;Absorbance generally increased with air-leak size and was largest for the lower frequency bands (0.1–0.2 and 0.2–0.5 kHz). Air-leak effects were observed in frequencies up to 10 kHz, but their effects above 1 kHz were unpredictable. These high-frequency air leaks were larger in brass cavities than in ear canals. Each of the four predictor variables exhibited consistent dependence on air-leak size. Low-frequency admittance phase and CV/PV decreased, while low-frequency absorbance and the air-leak resonance frequency increased. Conclusion: The effect of air leaks can be significant when their equivalent diameter exceeds 0.01 in. The observed effects were greatest at low frequencies where air leaks caused absorbance to increase. Recommended criteria for detecting air leaks include the following: when the frequency range of interest extends as low as 0.1 kHz, low-frequency absorbance should be ⩽0.20 and low-frequency admittance phase ≥61 degrees. For frequency ranges as low as 0.2 kHz, low-frequency absorbance should be ⩽0.29 and low-frequency admittance phase ≥44 degrees.
Modelling of electron and hole trapping in oxides

We critically review several examples of successful modelling of electron and hole trapping in metal oxides, which demonstrate a breadth of polaronic behaviour. The examples range from self-trapping in the perfect lattice to trapping by structural defects and impurities and illustrate the important phenomenon of charge localization. We present recent results in four different systems: nanoporous mayenite, amorphous SiO2, crystalline hafnia and MgO surfaces and interfaces. The complex nature of charge trapping and polaronic behaviour in these systems can go beyond traditional cases and illustrate the different challenges involved.
F Ur Mathematik in Den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig Spectral Properties and Synchronization in Coupled Map Lattices Spectral Properties and Synchronization in Coupled Map Lattices

Spectral properties of Coupled Map Lattices are described. Conditions for the stability of spatially homogeneous chaotic solutions are derived using linear stability analysis. Global stability analysis results are also presented. The analytical results are supplemented with numerical examples. The quadratic map is used for the site dynamics with diierent coupling schemes such as global coupling, nearest neighbour coupling, intermediate range coupling, random coupling, small world coupling and scale free coupling.
Evaluation of organic load measurement techniques in a sewage and waste stabilisation pond

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are the major parameters used as routine surrogate tests for measuring the load of organic carbon into the environment. In this context, an evaluation of possible replacement of BOD and COD for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) measurements are presented for different wastewaters. For anaerobic pond effluent, the following correlations were obtained: COD = 1.08 DOC + 79 and BOD = 0.82 DOC + 12. For facultative pond effluent, COD = -0.29DOC + 109 and BOD = 0.14DOC + 26. For raw sewage COD = 4.18DOC - 2 and BOD = 0.46COD + 5. For aerated pond effluent COD = 3.57DOC + 6 and BOD = 0.27COD + 3. For sedimentation pond effluent, COD = -1.34DOC + 138 and BOD = 0.73DOC + 16.5. Determination of COD was not appropriate for substituting classical alternatives in tested samples in despite of the limitations of the samples.
Integrating semantic knowledge into Tag-LDA model through cloud model

Semantic Knowledge is usually adding into topic model to improve topic coherence. However, it's hard to judge whether semantic information is related to topic without using complicated lexical characteristics. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel model called Cloud Transformation Model, which can easily judge whether semantic information is related to topic, and integrate semantic information into topic model.
A Logic for Global and Local Announcements

In this paper we introduce {\em global and local announcement logic} (GLAL), a dynamic epistemic logic with two distinct announcement operators -- $[\phi]^+_A$ and $[\phi]^-_A$ indexed to a subset $A$ of the set $Ag$ of all agents -- for global and local announcements respectively. The boundary case $[\phi]^+_{Ag}$ corresponds to the public announcement of $\phi$, as known from the literature. Unlike standard public announcements, which are {\em model transformers}, the global and local announcements are {\em pointed model transformers}. In particular, the update induced by the announcement may be different in different states of the model. Therefore, the resulting computations are trees of models, rather than the typical sequences. A consequence of our semantics is that modally bisimilar states may be distinguished in our logic. Then, we provide a stronger notion of bisimilarity and we show that it preserves modal equivalence in GLAL. Additionally, we show that GLAL is strictly more expressive than public announcement logic with common knowledge. We prove a wide range of validities for GLAL involving the interaction between dynamics and knowledge, and show that the satisfiability problem for GLAL is decidable. We illustrate the formal machinery by means of detailed epistemic scenarios.
BRCA somatic and germline mutation detection in paraffin embedded ovarian cancers by next-generation sequencing

BRCA mutated ovarian cancers respond better to platinum-based therapy and to the recently approved PARP-inhibitors. There is the need for efficient and timely methods to detect both somatic and germline mutations using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues and commercially available technology. We used a commercial kit exploring all exons and 50bp exon-intron junctions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, and semiconductor next-generation sequencing (NGS) on DNA from 47 FFPE samples of high-grade serous ovarian cancers. Pathogenic mutations were found in 13/47 (28%) cancers: eight in BRCA1 and five in BRCA2. All BRCA1 and two BRCA2 mutations were germline; three BRCA2 mutations were somatic. All mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. To evaluate the performance of the NGS panel, we assessed its capability to detect the 6,953 variants described for BRCA1 and BRCA2 in ClinVar and COSMIC databases using callability analysis. 6,059 (87.1%) variants were identified automatically by the software; 829 (12.0%) required visual verification. The remaining 65 (0.9%) variants were uncallable, and would require 15 Sanger reactions to be resolved. Thus, the sensitivity of the NGS-panel was 99.1%. In conclusion, NGS performed with a commercial kit is highly efficient for detection of germline and somatic mutations in BRCA genes using routine FFPE tissue.
ObjectView: A Software Design Architecture for Breakpoint-Based Program Visualization

Algorithm visualization (AV) systems, which provide graphic depictions of the dynamic state of an executing algorithm, can prove invaluable to anyone interested in gaining insight into the dynamic behavior of computer programs. Although past researchers have taken a multitude of different approaches to designing and implementing such systems (cf. Myers 1984, Brown 1988, Stasko 1990, Naps & Hundhausen 1991, Tuchman, Jablonowski, & Cybenko 1991, Mukherjea & Stasko 1993), they have all had to address, in some way, the same four issues underlying AV system design: (1) portability, (2) time of visualization, (3) instrumentation, and (4) program object-to-graphics mapping. Targeting the specific domain of breakpointbased program monitoring and visualizationNa style of AV in which one can set breakpoints and examine the graphical representation of program's objects (variables, data structures, and other abstractions of program state) of interest at those breakpointsNthis paper both identifies the requirements of a targetindependent AV system architecture, and presents ObjectView, an architectural framework that we have developed to meet those requirements. Through its use of a distributed model, the object-oriented programming paradigm, and a portable, device-independent graphics language, ObjectView defines a framework for AV design that supports (1) a natural and non-intrusive method for identifying the program objects of interest, and for preparing those objects to be visualized; (2) a deviceand program-independent technique for defining mappings between program objects and the graphics displays to which they should give rise; and (3) a run time source-level visualization environment for controlling the execution of a program, and for viewing, on demand, dynamic graphical representations of program objects.
Magnetic resonance imaging research in aging and dementia at the Mayo Clinic.

I would like to thank the Potamkin family for generously supporting this award that recognizes research contributions in Alzheimer disease (AD) and related disorders. Given the illustrious list of past recipients, it is humbling and also a tremendous personal honor. When we began our work in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in dementia nearly 20 years ago it was far from guaranteed that this approach would be anything more than a passing academic curiosity. We did not know then that MRI would still be an active area of investigation in dementia 2 decades later. Our major focus has been to define relationships between quantitative MRI measures and clinical status, both cross-sectionally and over time in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD, and healthy normal aging. These concepts and methods are now in use in numerous clinical research studies, epidemiologic studies, and therapeutic trials. In a way it is fitting that the first Potamkin award for imaging is shared by investigators in positron emission tomography amyloid imaging and MRI. At a
Profile of epratuzumab and its potential in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus

Management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represents a fascinating, emerging field. Research has recently provided us with a better understanding of the immunologic alterations of SLE, leading to the creation of immunomodulatory agents designed to disrupt specific cell targets and pro-inflammatory pathways. Despite the improvement in the prognosis of SLE in the last 50 years with the use of immunosuppressive therapy such as cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil, cytotoxicity remains a major complication of these medications and the need for more specific targeted immunotherapy is increasing. Early recognition and treatment of SLE with targeted immunotherapy has the potential to improve quality of life and reduce the risk of disease flare-ups and complications. In this review, we will explore the role of B-cells in the pathogenesis of SLE highlighting current insights into SLE development and management. In addition, we will discuss epratuzumab’s role in the treatment of SLE. Epratuzumab is a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody that targets CD22 on B-cell and its role in B-cell modulation, migration, function, and inhibition of B-cell receptor signaling. Epratuzumab is currently in a Phase III study evaluating its efficacy in the management of moderate to severe SLE. All published trials on epratuzumab have shown great promise with safe profiles.