Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A`Implementation of Ant Colony Optimization Technique for Cancer Diagnosis

In this paper a novel approach for the detection of breast cancer is used. Many imaging techniques are introduced for the breast cancer diagnosis. In this ant colony optimization (ACO) based edge detection technique is used for the diagnosing of breast cancer. This process is used to detect outlines of an object and boundaries between objects present and the background in the image. Experimental result gives the better performance of the proposed method than other techniques
Design and Manufacture of Cosecant-Squared Complementary Reflectarrays for Low-Cost Applications

A novel solution for the manufacturing of a reflectarray antenna with cosecant-squared radiation pattern is presented. The unit cell simply consists of a 3-D printed nylon grid inserted in between two thick metallic plates. To introduce the required phase delay, C and reverse C slots are laser cut into the plate illuminated by the feeder. This solution allows obtaining an efficient, robust, and compact antenna with low-cost manufacturing process, even for no mass production. Measurements confirm the feasibility of the proposed solution and show its performances.
Comparative phylogeography of three endemic rodents from the Albertine Rift, east central Africa

The major aim of this study was to compare the phylogeographic patterns of codistributed rodents from the fragmented montane rainforests of the Albertine Rift region of east central Africa. We sampled individuals of three endemic rodent species, Hylomyscus denniae, Hybomys lunaris and Lophuromys woosnami from four localities in the Albertine Rift. We analysed mitochondrial DNA sequence variation from fragments of the cytochrome b and control region genes and found significant phylogeographic structuring for the three taxa examined. The recovered phylogenies suggest that climatic fluctuations and volcanic activity of the Virunga Volcanoes chain have caused the fragmentation of rainforest habitat during the past 2 million years. This fragmentation has played a major role in the diversification of the montane endemic rodents of the region. Estimation of the divergence times within each species suggests a separation of the major clades occurring during the mid to late Pleistocene.
Novel Human Glioma-associated Oncogene 1 (GLI1) Splice Variants Reveal Distinct Mechanisms in the Terminal Transduction of the Hedgehog Signal

Hedgehog (HH) signaling is one of the key pathways with major significance for embryogenesis, tumorigenesis, and stem cell maintenance. Glioma-associated oncogene 1 (GLI1) is a transcription factor that acts as the terminal signaling effector but also represents a pathway target gene. Here we report the identification and functional properties of novel GLI1 splice variants generated by skipping exons 2 and 3 and encoding an N-terminal truncated GLI1 protein (GLI1ΔN). Analysis of the GLI1ΔN mRNAs in adult human tissues revealed comparable expression levels to the full-length GLI1 (GLI1FL), whereas in tumor cell lines a generally lower and more variable expression pattern was observed. Furthermore, GLI1ΔN is up-regulated by HH signaling to the same extent as GLI1FL but has a weaker capacity to activate transcription. However, in specific cellular contexts GLI1ΔN may be more potent than GLI1FL in activating endogenous gene expression. Moreover, the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1 (Dyrk1) potentiates the transcriptional activity of GLI1FL but not GLI1ΔN. Interestingly, GLI1FL, in contrast to GLI1ΔN, is localized solely at the nucleus, in line with its increased transcriptional capacity. The negative regulator of the pathway, Suppressor of Fused (SUFU), elicits a cytoplasmic retention of the GLI1 isoforms, which is more pronounced for GLI1FL, as this contains an N-terminal SUFU binding domain. Collectively, our findings reveal that the activation mechanism of the terminal transducer of the pathway, GLI1, is mediated not only by GLI1FL but also by the GLI1ΔN variant.
Ca2+-deposition in cell matrix correlates significantly with osteocalcin-expression in osteogenic differentiated ATSC: Even in a coculture system with HUVEC

Background: Tissue engineering offers the means for replacing or repairing diseased organs within the patient's body. The current problem in its clinical use is sufficient and fast revascularization of the transplanted tissues. The idea of bone-reconstruction deals with three-dimensional bone equivalents that are composed of endothelial cells (ECs) and adipose tissue derived stromal cells (ATSCs) showing osteogenic differentiation. Materials and Methods: ATSC were isolated, cultivated until third passage and osteogenically differentiated by 1.25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Coculture systems with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were performed. Osteogenic differentiation was analyzed in FACS-analyses (n = 7), by the measurement of Ca2+-deposition in the cell matrix (marker for osteogenic differentiation) and the expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP). Results: Ca2+-deposition in the cell matrix and osteocalcin-expression correlated significantly (P = 0.030) during osteogenic differentiation (n = 7). The osteogenic cell differentiated ATSC in the coculture system (n = 6) even showed a clear increase of Ca2+-deposition. The time of starting the coculture did not influence the differentiation. Measurement of the Ca2+-deposition correlates significantly to the osteogenic differentiation and osteocalcin-expression. Conclusion: ATSC are a promising source for bone tissue engineering. They can be differentiated into osteoblasts in a coculture system with HUVEC without the loss of any differentiation capacity. For bone tissue-equivalent fabrication, this is an encouraging procedure that is feasible and provides fast revascularization of the bone-equivalents.
Transplantation of Neural Crest-Like Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Improves Diabetic Polyneuropathy in Mice

Impaired vascularity and nerve degeneration are the most important pathophysiological abnormalities of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN). Therefore, regeneration of both the vascular and nervous systems is required for the treatment of DPN. The neural crest (NC) is a transient embryonic structure in vertebrates that differentiates into a vast range of cells, including peripheral neurons, Schwann cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we investigated the ability of transplantation of NC-like (NCL) cells derived from aged mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in the treatment of DPN. iPS cells were induced to differentiate into neural cells by stromal cell-derived inducing activity (SDIA) and subsequently supplemented with bone morphogenetic protein 4 to promote differentiation of NC lineage. After the induction, p75 neurotrophin receptor-positive NCL cells were purified using magnetic-activated cell sorting. Sorted NCL cells differentiated to peripheral neurons, glial cells, and smooth muscle cells by additional SDIA. NCL cells were transplanted into hind limb skeletal muscles of 16-week streptozotocin-diabetic mice. Nerve conduction velocity, current perception threshold, intraepidermal nerve fiber density, sensitivity to thermal stimuli, sciatic nerve blood flow, plantar skin blood flow, and capillary number-to-muscle fiber ratio were evaluated. Four weeks after transplantation, the engrafted cells produced growth factors: nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor. It was also confirmed that some engrafted cells differentiated into vascular smooth muscle cells or Schwann cell-like cells at each intrinsic site. The transplantation improved the impaired nerve and vascular functions. These results suggest that transplantation of NCL cells derived from iPS cells could have therapeutic effects on DPN through paracrine actions of growth factors and differentiation into Schwann cell-like cells and vascular smooth muscle cells.
A pipeline hog feature extraction for real-time pedestrian detection on FPGA

Pedestrian detection is a vital function of the emerging autonomous vehicle industry. HOG is widely used as the feature extractor for pedestrian detection thanks to its high accuracy despite the fact that it is computationally expensive. Hardware accelerators using GPUs or FPGAs are used in several proposals to address its real-time execution. There is always a trade-off between real-time processing, energy efficiency and accuracy in the existing solutions. In this paper, we present a pipelined implementation of HOG feature extraction on a low-cost Cyclone V SoC FPGA platform. The design is provides a latency of 4ms for every 640×480 input frame, which corresponds to 250fps. The whole detection system reduces the power consumption by 53.3% and 96% compared with state of the art FPGA and GPU alternatives.
Suitability of obfuscation methods for different categories of context

Context aware services need context of a certain quality to provide their services. The quality of context can be described using the Quality of Context (QoC) concept. There are five parameters, or dimensions, to describe the QoC: precision, freshness, temporal resolution, spatial resolution and probability of correctness. There is a relation between QoC and privacy sensitivity, because if the QoC is higher, the privacy sensitivity is typically higher. To influence the privacy sensitivity, context can be obfuscated in one or more QoC dimensions. We identify di erent categories of context. For each category the importance of the QoC parameters on the privacy sensitivity is examined. Obfuscating the probability of correctness gives the user plausible deniability and reduces the privacy sensitivity of context in all categories. Furthermore, obfuscating context in the precision dimension reduces the QoC in all categories.
IMPORTANCIA DEL ACEITE ESENCIAL Y LA PRODUCCION DE ORÉGANO Lippia palmeri Watson EN EL ESTADO DE SONORA

El oregano, es una planta aromatica de climas aridos y semiaridos de Sonora. En este estudio se analiza el contenido del aceite esencial y algunas caracteristicas fisicoquimicas, de material recolectado de dos localidades silvestres [Puerto del Oregano (AEPO) y Alamos (AEA)] y uno cultivado (AEOC). Se evaluaron algunas practicas agronomicas, se observo el comportamiento de la planta en estado silvestre, y se evaluo la germinacion en respuesta a cinco dosis de acido giberelico (AG3) 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 y 500 ppm en tres tiempos de remojo. En la evaluacion de la propagacion asexual, las estacas se sometieron a 0, 2000, 3000, 4000 y 5000 ppm de acido indol-3butirico. Los compuestos mas abundantes estuvieron en la localidad de AEPO siendo principalmente carvacrol (24.57%), timol (15.11%) y p-cimeno (14.25%). Para la localidad de AEA los compuestos mas abundantes fueron: p-cimeno (22.37%), timol (21.39%) y carvacrol (8.76%). En AEOC, el timol (28.90%), p-cimeno (24%) y carvacrol (12.80%) fueron los mas abundantes. Los tres aceites esenciales difieren en las concentraciones de sus componentes, lo cual pudiera deberse a las condiciones ambientales. En germinacion, 100 ppm de AG3 durante 60 minutos se obtuvo el 90%; las dosis de 3000 y 4000 ppm de acido Indol-3butirico, mostraron el 75% de enraizamiento. Con densidades de 5000 plantas ha-1, se producen 2,240 kg de hoja seca.
Sequence requirements for plasmid nuclear import.

The nuclear envelope is a major barrier for nuclear uptake of plasmids and represents one of the most significant unsolved problems of nonviral gene delivery. We have previously shown that the nuclear entry of plasmid DNA is sequence-specific, requiring a 366-bp fragment containing the SV40 origin of replication and early promoter. In this report, we show that, although fragments throughout this region can support varying degrees of nuclear import, the 72-bp repeats of the SV40 enhancer facilitate maximal transport. The functions of the promoter and the origin of replication are not needed for nuclear localization of plasmid DNA. In contrast to the import activity of the SV40 enhancer, two other strong promoter and enhancer sequences, the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) immediate-early promoter and the Rous sarcoma virus LTR, were unable to direct nuclear localization of plasmids. The inability of the CMV promoter to mediate plasmid nuclear import was confirmed by measurement of the CMV promoter-driven expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in microinjected cells. At times before cell division, as few as 3 to 10 copies per cell of cytoplasmically injected plasmids containing the SV40 enhancer gave significant GFP expression, while no expression was obtained with more than 1000 copies per cell of plasmids lacking the SV40 sequence. However, the levels of expression were the same for both plasmids after cell division in cytoplasmically injected cells and at all times in nuclear injected cells. Thus, the inclusion this SV40 sequence in nonviral vectors may greatly increase their ability to be transported into the nucleus, especially in nondividing cells.
V-Radar: A vehicular traffic query protocol for urban environments

Automobile congestions have an adverse effect in modern societies, causing the loss of billions of dollars and manhours every year throughout the world. In this era of global economic recession, drivers will require the necessary solutions and driving aids that facilitate the improvement of daily road transport and minimize unnecessary expenditure. In this work, we lay the groundwork for V-Radar, a query protocol for retrieving vehicular traffic information using V2V communications. The advantage of V-Radar over related works is its ability to monitor using location-dependent queries the prevailing traffic conditions in a number of road-paths from a vehicle's current location towards its final destination. We introduce its modular architecture and provide preliminary evaluation results showing significant improvements over a similar scheme.
OUTLIER DETECTION ALGORITHM COMBINED WITH DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER R

Breast cancer is the most hazardous of all types of cancers that leads to the death of women. It is the second leading cause of death in women especially in some developed countries. It cannot be diagnosed easily by ordinary lab tests. It is difficult to identify at an early stage and in addition the recurrence of breast cancer is high. Many studies have analyzed the breast cancer data. This particular paper focuses on investigating automated diagnosis of the breast cancer based on machine learning algorithm. The proposed approach has three steps of a process. In the first step, groups the data in to number of clusters using Farthest First clustering algorithm. Due to shrink the size of dataset, the computation time reduced greatly.In the second step, outliers are detected from breast cancer dataset using ODA (Outlier Detection Algorithm). In third step, identifies whether the cancer is benign or malignant from the pre-processed data set using J48 classification algorithm. Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD) and Wisconsin Diagnosis Breast Cancer (WDBC) have been used to test the efficacy of the proposed system. Experimental results prove that the two steps proposed approach serves to be the best one with highest accuracy of 99.9% for WBCD data set and accuracy of 99.6% for WDBC data set compared to the existing research for the same data set. This research will help the doctors to diagnose the breast cancer and thereby helping the patients in recovery.
[Deep cerebral stimulation in patients with post-traumatic vegetative state. 25 cases].

In 25 cases of post traumatic vegetative state persisting 3 months after the initial injury, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used with the aim to activate the cortex and the hope to produce some degree of functional recovery. Electrodes were stereotaxically implanted in the centrum medianum-parafascicularis complex. Bipolar stimulation was provided daily from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. In 12 cases no changes occurred in the clinical features and overall behaviour. DBS was given up after 2 months. All these patients with a follow-up of 1 to 10 years, remained in a permanent vegetative state, 4 of them eventually deceased. In 13 cases, following 1 to 3 weeks of DBS a definite improvement was obtained with recovery of some degree of consciousness and interpersonal relationship. However all these patients, with 1 to 12 years follow-up remained severely disabled. 2 of them deceased from intercurrent causes. The practical meaning of these clinical results are questioned. We consider that the absence of response to DBS is an important argument to predict the irreversibility of post traumatic vegetative state. It is not certain that DBS is directly responsible for positive changes observed, some degree of long-term spontaneous recovery being already documented in such patients. However it seems likely that DBS accelerates recovery and possibly improves the final level of performances.
Application of Acute Phase Proteins for Monitoring Inflammatory States in Cattle

The animal body functions in a controlled internal environment, strictly regulated by a variety of homeostatic mechanisms. However, the internal milieu is disturbed by external factors that lead to imbalance of the inner homeostasis. The host is equipped with multiple tools to abolish external challenges like tissue injury and infection by activation of various defense mechanisms; however, mobilization of all these responses is associated with alterations of the homeostatic status. The multifaceted immune and metabolic responses of the host to external challenges are commonly referred to as the acute-phase response (APR) (Kushner, 1982; Koj, 1985; Baumann & Gauldie, 1994; Moshage, 1997; Mackiewicz, 1997). The aim of the APR is to eliminate the agent(s) that caused the interference and to bring the homeostasis back to normality (Figure 1). The APR is initiated in response to a variety of stimuli including acute trauma, bacterial infection, surgery, fracture, burns, tissue necrosis, presence of a chronic disease, or ongoing inflammatory processes (Kushner, 1982; Gordon & Koj, 1985; Baumann & Gauldie, 1994; Steel & Whitehead, 1994; Boosalis et al., 1996; Mackiewicz, 1997). The APR usually resolves within a few days or weeks, however sometimes it can persist when the causal agent is defiant (Boosalis et al., 1996; Mackiewicz, 1997; Koj, 1998). The APR is regulated by numerous compounds referred to as cytokines (Mackiewicz, 1997; Koj, 1998; Martin et al., 1999). The latter are produced by macrophages, when they are activated by bacterial endotoxin, viruses, free radicals, prostaglandins, or other factors released under different inflammatory conditions. The main cytokines released by macrophages are interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), and interferon-gamma (INF-) (Koj, 1998; Martin et al., 1999). The release of proinflammatory cytokines, at the site of tissue injury, stimulates various other cell types to produce a cascade of other cytokines, including IL-6-type cytokines, which act to stimulate the production of acute phase proteins (APP) from liver hepatocytes or other tissues (Baigrie et al., 1991; Mackiewicz, 1997). Although the production of cytokines in the liver or other local sites is complex, it is believed that IL-1 and IL-6 are the two main stimulants of APP production (Gauldie et al., 1987; Nijsten et al., 1991; Ohzato et al., 1992).
Managing Web 2.0 framework based on Grid Computing overlay

Web 2.0 is expected to be the next technology in the interaction between the enterprise applications and users. Such interaction will be utilized in producing self-governance applications that are able to re-adjacent and re-configure the operation framework based on userspsila feedback. To achieve this, huge numbers of underneath resources (infrastructures and services) are required. Therefore, this work proposes the merge of Web 2.0 technology and Grid Computing overlay. Such merge between technologies is expected to offer mutual benefits for both communities. Through this work, a model for managing the interaction between the two technologies is developed based on the adapting of SOA model, this model is known as SOAW2G. This model manages the interaction between the users at the top level and resources at the bottom layer. The paper is concluded with the future vision of the new model.
Determination of lipoprotein lipase activity using a novel fluorescent lipase assay[S]

A novel, real-time, homogeneous fluorogenic lipoprotein lipase (LPL) assay was developed using a commercially available substrate, the EnzChek lipase substrate, which is solubilized in Zwittergent. The triglyceride analog substrate does not fluoresce, owing to apposition of fluorescent and fluorescent quenching groups at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively, fluorescence becoming unquenched upon release of the sn-1 BODIPY FA derivative following hydrolysis. Increase in fluorescence intensity at 37°C was proportional to LPL concentration. The assay was more sensitive than a similar assay using 1,2-O-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-(6-methylresorufin ester) and was validated in biological samples, including determination of LPL-specific activity in postheparin mouse plasma. The simplicity and reproducibility of the assay make it ideal for in vitro, high-throughput screening for inhibitors and activators of LPL, thus expediting discovery of drugs of potential clinical value.
The pharmacological activity of anandamide, a putative endogenous cannabinoid, in mice.

The arachidonic acid derivative anandamide (arachidonylethanolamide) has been isolated from porcine brain and has been shown to bind competitively to the cannabinoid receptor. Although the pharmacological activity of this compound has not yet been fully determined, preliminary data suggest that it produces several effects similar ot the cannabinoids. In the present experiments anandamide produced effects similar to those of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, including antinociception (as determined in a latency to tail-flick evaluation), hypothermia, hypomotility and catalepsy in mice after i.v. , i.t. and i.p. administration. In general, the effects of anandamide occurred with a rapid onset, but with a rather short duration of action. Prominent antinociceptive effects (> 80% maximal possible effect) were measured immediately after i.v. and i.t. administration. Anandamide produced significant decreases in rectal temperature (2-4 degrees C) after either i.v. or i.t. injection. Maximal effects on motor activity (approximately 85% inhibition) were observed immediately after i.v. and i.p. administration and 10 min after i.t. administration. Maximum immobility observed after i.v. administration was over 80%, yet that produced after i.p. and i.t. administration was too small (< or = 20%) to be considered pharmacologically relevant. Anandamide was less potent (1.3 to 18 times) than delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in all behavioral assays. Pretreatment with nor-binaltorphimine, a kappa opioid antagonist which blocks i.t. delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced antinociception, failed to alter antinociception after i.t. anandamide administration. Binding studies demonstrating that anandamide displaces [3H]CP-55,940 from rat whole brain P2 membrane preparations with a KD of 101 +/- 15 nM. These findings demonstrate that anandamide produces effects in a tetrad of tests used to predict cannabimimetic activity and supports the contention of its role as an endogenous cannabinoid ligand. However, there appear to be distinct differences between anandamide and the cannabinoids with regard to their antinociceptive properties, and other properties vary as a function of route of administration.