Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of harmonics of DFIGs in DC-microgrids

During the last few years, there has been an increased attention paid on the developments of DC microgrids (DCMGs) and their applications. For economical and more flexible wind power generation, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is regarded as a most commonly used generator in wind farms. This paper presents a configuration and operation method for a DCMG connected with DFIGs, in which the controller of the DFIG is designed for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The generation of harmonics and their effects on the generator in this configuration are analyzed and a harmonic compensation method is proposed. Furthermore, the simulation results are presented to show that the DFIG can be operated effectively in DCMGs and harmonic currents can be reduced.
Recording Housekeeping Activities with Situated Tags and Wrist-Worn Sensors: Experiment Setup and Issues Encountered

RFID tag readers and accelerometers are two sensing technologies that have recently dropped in both size and cost. Assuming that key household items can easily be tagged, one could legitimately imagine a wrist-worn sensor which incorporates both, to infer Activities of Daily Living (ADL). This paper presents initial challenges in research towards this scenario by describing critical choices made in a series of data recording experiments, in which we intend to capture realistic sensor data in a lab setting, using a set of housekeeping activities as targets.
Structural, bonding, and electronic properties of IIA-IV antifluorite compounds.

We have studied the electronic and structural properties of the antifluorite compounds Mg[sub 2][ital X] ([ital X]=Si, Ge, Sn), Be[sub 2]C, and hypothetical compounds Mg[sub 2]C and Be[sub 2]Si using the first-principles pseudopotential total energy method. Five of the compounds are small-gap semiconductors, while Be[sub 2]Si is a metal. Calculated lattice constants agree well with experiment for the four known compounds, but are consistently a few percent smaller than the reported values. The bulk moduli of this group of materials follow a semiempirical formula for [ital B][sub 0] to within [similar to]5%. Bulk moduli calculated from first principles, corrected for the underestimation of the lattice constant, agree well with the available experimental values.
Application of iterative closest point algorithm in automatic flight of speedy UAV

In order to realize the autonomous location and attitude estimation for speedy UAV, this paper designs an improved Iterative Closest Points (ICP) algorithm for fixed-wing UAV with a laser range finder mounted onboard. This improved ICP adopts a K-d tree and AK-d tree mixed closest point searching strategy to enhance its rapidity, and an automatic trim approach to drop out outlier points to improve its reliability. In order to check the feasibility of the proposed algorithm, flight experiment is conducted. Experiment result demonstrates the good performance of the algorithm.
Candida glabrata Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis Is Characterized by Persistence within the Peritoneal Cavity and Abscesses

ABSTRACT The pathogenesis of Candida glabrata infections is poorly understood. We studied the pathogenesis of intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) in mice that were infected intraperitoneally with C. glabrata and sterile feces. C. glabrata BG2 (5 × 108 CFU) caused a 100% mortality rate. Sublethal inocula of BG2 (1 × 108 or 1 × 107 CFU) caused peritonitis that progressed to abscesses. Three clinical C. glabrata strains (5 × 108 CFU) caused 80 to 100% mortality rates, while a fourth (strain 346) caused a 29% mortality rate. Following sublethal inocula (1 × 107 CFU), the intra-abscess burdens of virulent strain 356 were ∼1 log greater than those of strain 346. A C. glabrata Δplb1-2 mutant (phospholipase B genes disrupted) killed mice as well as BG2 did. When sublethal inocula were used, however, the Δplb1-2 mutant was associated with more rapid abscess resolution and lower intra-abscess burdens; these findings were reversed by PLB1 and PLB2 reinsertion. The Δplb1-2 mutant was also more susceptible than BG2 to killing by human neutrophils in vitro. BG2 and the Δplb1-2 mutant were indistinguishable during hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. C. albicans SC5314 was more virulent than C. glabrata BG2 during IAC, causing a 100% mortality rate following a challenge with 5 × 107 CFU. In contrast, a sublethal inoculum (1 × 107 CFU) of BG2 caused less neutrophil infiltration and greater burdens in peritoneal fluid than SC5314 did and abscesses that persisted longer and contained greater burdens. In conclusion, a mouse model of C. glabrata IAC mimics disease in humans and distinguishes the relative virulence of clinical and gene disruption strains. C. glabrata differed from C. albicans during IAC by being less lethal and eliciting dampened neutrophil responses but resulting in more persistent peritonitis and abscesses.
A Golgi study of the neuronal population of the marginal zone (lamina I) of the rat spinal cord

On the basis of dendroarchitecture and cell body shape, complemented with morphometry of dendritic ramification, four major neuronal types were distinguished in lamina I of the spinal cord of the rat. (I) Fusiform spiny cells (39% of impregnated neurons) have longitudinal spindle‐shaped perikarya with bipolar, less frequently unipolar, dendritic trees rich in pedicled spines and a thin, beaded longitudinal axon; such neurons occur mainly in the lateral marginal zone. In type IA cells (33% of the total), the dendritic domain occupies a narrow longitudinal area, while in type lb cells (6%) the polar dendritic trees partly arborize ventrally. Fusiform neurons are considered intrinsic cells connected with the longitudinal afferent plexus in lateral lamina I, and in type IB cells also receiving primary input in the substantia gelatinosa. (II) Multipolar cells (23%) have a dense dendritic arbor originating from numerous primary trunks and they predominate in the medial marginal zone. The dendritic arbor is moderately extended dorsoventrally in type IIA cells and reaches lamina III in the larger type JIB cells. The former possess a variety of spines, axonlike processes and sometimes an unmyelinated axon, and are presumably interneuron's, while type IIB cells show a thick tapering axon that is probably myelinated. (III) Flattened aspiny neurons (13%) with a polygonal body flattened in the horizontal plane, and a horizontal dendritic arbor confined to lamina I; these cells predominate in middle lamina I. (IV) Pyramidal neurons (25%) have longitudinally elongated perikarya that bulge into the white matter. The arbor has a large longitudinal and lateromedial spread and includes branches which ramify in the white matter. Types III and IV show the classical lateromedially elongated orientation of the marginal cells of the old literature; they show thick tapering axons and probably make up the bulk of the projection neurons of rat lamina I.
Barrow-in-Furness: a large community legionellosis outbreak in the UK

SUMMARY A community outbreak of legionellosis occurred in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, during July and August 2002. A descriptive study and active case-finding were instigated and all known wet cooling systems and other potential sources were investigated. Genotypic and phenotypic analysis, and amplified fragment length polymorphism of clinical human and environmental isolates confirmed the air-conditioning unit of a council-owned arts and leisure centre to be the source of infection. Subsequent sequence-based typing confirmed this link. One hundred and seventy-nine cases, including seven deaths [case fatality rate (CFR) 3·9%] were attributed to the outbreak. Timely recognition and management of the incident very likely led to the low CFR compared to other outbreaks. The outbreak highlights the responsibility associated with managing an aerosol-producing system, with the potential to expose and infect a large proportion of the local population and the consequent legal ramifications and human cost.
Conditions and Techniques for Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Derivation and Culture

Stem cells, characterized by their ability for self-renewal and differentiation, have been derived from the embryo and from various postnatal animal sources. They are usually classified according to their developmental potential. Totipotency is defined as the ability of a single cell to replicate and produce all differentiated cells in an entire organism, including extraem‐ bryonic tissues that will develop and differentiate into the fetal placenta and fetal membranes [1,2]. In plants, spores are totipotent cells. In some cases, cells can de-differentiate and regain their totipotency. For instance, a plant cutting or callus can be utilized to grow an entire functional plant [3]. In mammals, only the zygote and early blastomeres are totipotent cells [4-7]. In other words, an individual cell is capable to generate a functionally normal animal with fertile ability [8-10]. Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, typically derived from inner cell masses (ICMs) or corresponding earlier blastomeres or later epiblasts (develop to embryo proper), are an example of pluripotent cells that can self-renew and generate all types of body cells in vivo and in vitro, but cannot generate the extraembryonic trophoblast lineage [11-14]. Under some particular conditions, an ES cell-derived mouse with germline transmission can be generated routinely [15-21]. Multipotent cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells, can give rise all cell types within a particular lineage. Spermatogonial stem cells are unipotent stem cells, as they can only form sperm [22].
Draft Genome Sequence of the Lignin-Degrading Burkholderia sp. Strain LIG30, Isolated from Wet Tropical Forest Soil

ABSTRACT Burkholderia species are common soil Betaproteobacteria capable of degrading recalcitrant aromatic compounds and xenobiotics. Burkholderia sp. strain LIG30 was isolated from wet tropical forest soil and is capable of utilizing lignin as a sole carbon source. Here we report the draft genome sequence of Burkholderia sp. strain LIG30.
Linking strategies and biases when matching cohorts to the National Pupil Database

ABSTRACT ObjectivesTo compare sample biases when linking education data to external datasets using opt in and opt out consent models for the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) – opt in, and the Case Register Interactive Search Child and Adolescent Mental Health sample (CRIS CAMHS) –opt out. ApproachWe compared demographic factors in the linked and unlinked populations when two cohorts, the MCS, and CRIS CAMHS data were linked to the National Pupil Database. The MCS is a birth cohort collecting prospective data on the social, economic and health-related circumstances of children surveyed at roughly two-yearly intervals from the age of 9 months. At age 7, parents were asked to consent for information from their child’s education records (via the UK Department for Education’s National Pupil Database, NPD) to linked to the MCS. Of the 9000 adults with parental responsibility, 8448 (93.9%) consented. The CRIS CAMHS sample is the UK's largest, anonymised clinical database for children and adolescents referred to South London child and adolescent mental health services, which is collected using opt out consent. All 35, 426 children were eligible for linkage to their educational data. ResultsFor MCS, 7446 (82.7% of the population) eligible children were successfully linked to NPD following opt in consent. After stratification into distinct geographical regions, London children in the most deprived quartile of neighbourhood deprivation were over twice as likely (O.R 2.5, C.I 1.18-5.3) not to have their educational records linked. For the opt out CRIS CAMHS cohort, 30,178 (85.1%) were linked, with no significant differences in linkage rates between children in the highest and lowest quartiles of deprivation (O.R 1.05, C.I 0.93-1.18). Relative to children of White ethnicity, Asian, Black African and Mixed ethnic groups were significantly less likely to be matched in both studies. Black Caribbean ethnicity was significantly associated with non-linkage in the MCS cohort (O.R 3.0, C.I 1.49-6.01), but not in CRIS CAMHS (0.96, C.I 0.83-1.12). ConclusionRecord linkages are a valuable enhancement to child-based longitudinal studies and clinical registries, allowing evaluation of questions relevant to public health and social care policy. Opt out consent approaches improve representation of more socially disadvantaged populations. Nevertheless, whether using opt in and opt out consent process, possible biases due to linkage error can be important and need to be addressed when analysing and interpreting results.
Identification of clinically relevant yeast species by DNA sequence analysis of the D2 variable region of the 25–28S rRNA gene

Clinically relevant yeasts are conventionally identified by a combination of phenotypic tests, which occasionally provide ambiguous results for atypical isolates or uncommon species. In this study, we evaluate a direct polymerase chain reaction‐sequencing method, which exploits sequence divergence in the hypervariable D2 region of the large subunit of the 25–28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene for identification of facultative pathogenic asco‐ and basidiomycota. A panel of 53 yeasts, including 40 clinical isolates and 13 reference strains representative of some clinically relevant taxa, was investigated by combining standard phenotypic tests with commercial identification systems (RapID, API 20C AUX), and results were compared with the taxonomic allocations inferred by D2 sequence analysis. Species‐level resolution was achieved for almost all (52/53) strains by combining internet‐based D2 sequence homology (BLAST and FASTA) searches in free‐access synchronised databases with phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic information carried by the short D2 sequence substantiates a pattern of molecular evolution, which is similar to that inferred from analysis of the larger D1/D2 region, and consistent with previously published 25–28S rRNA phylogenetic architectures of facultative pathogenic yeast, including recently identified species. Inconsistency between conventional and molecular identification results was observed for 11/53 strains, likely on account of the ambiguous interpretation of phenotypic tests.
A Copula Approach to Generate Non-Normal Multivariate Data for SEM

The present paper develops a procedure based on multivariate copulas for simulating multivariate non-normal data that satisfies a pre-specified covariance matrix. The covariance matrix used, can comply with a specific moment structure form (e.g., a factor analysis or a general SEM model). So the method is particularly useful for Monte Carlo evaluation of SEM models in the context of non-normal data. The new procedure for non-normal data simulation is theoretically described and also implemented on the widely used R environment. The quality of the method is assessed by performing Monte Carlo simulations. Within this context a one-sample test on the observed VC-matrix is involved. This test is robust against normality violations. This test is defined through a particular SEM setting. Finally, an example for Monte Carlo evaluation of SEM modeling of non-normal data using this method is presented. (author's abstract)
A Link between the Canonical Decomposition in Multilinear Algebra and Simultaneous Matrix Diagonalization

Canonical decomposition is a key concept in multilinear algebra. In this paper we consider the decomposition of higher-order tensors which have the property that the rank is smaller than the greatest dimension. We derive a new and relatively weak deterministic sufficient condition for uniqueness. The proof is constructive. It shows that the canonical components can be obtained from a simultaneous matrix diagonalization by congruence, yielding a new algorithm. From the deterministic condition we derive an easy-to-check dimensionality condition that guarantees generic uniqueness.
Analysis and research of quadruped robot’s legs: A comprehensive review

As an important basic component of quadruped robots, mechanical legs provide the robots with excellent maneuverability and versatility, which determine the core application performance such as job adaptability, walking speed, and load capacity. A large number of robotics institutes for the last few decades have studied mechanical legs used by quadruped robots and published many research results. In this article, we collect these research results and classify them into three categories (prismatic legs, articulated legs, and redundant articulated legs) according to the degrees of freedom and then introduce and analyze them. On this basis, we summarize and study the design methods of the actuators and mechanical leg structures. Finally, we make some suggestions for the development of quadruped robot’s legs in the future. The motivation of this review is to summarize and analyze previous research efforts and provide useful guidance for future robotic designers to develop more efficient mechanical legs of quadruped robots.
The receptor for advanced glycation end products is required for β‐catenin stabilization in a chemical‐induced asthma model

Cytoplasmic retention of β‐catenin will lead to its nuclear translocation and subsequent interaction with the transcription factor TCF/LEF that regulates target gene expression. We have previously demonstrated aberrant expression of β‐catenin in a model of asthma induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The aim of this study was to examine whether the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) can regulate β‐catenin expression in TDI‐induced asthma.
Parental child-feeding strategies in relation to Dutch children’s fruit and vegetable intake

Abstract Objective To identify parental child-feeding strategies that may increase children’s fruit or vegetable intake, since the relationship between these strategies and children’s intake has never been investigated for fruit and vegetables as two separate food groups. Design A survey study, where parents provided information about their practices in relation to feeding their children and about their own and their children’s fruit and vegetable intake. Children completed a preference questionnaire about fruit and vegetables. To find underlying parental child-feeding strategies, factor analysis was applied to parents’ practices in relation to fruit and vegetables separately. Regression analysis was used to predict the effect of these strategies on children’s fruit and vegetable intake. The impact of the strategies was further analysed by estimating children’s intake based on the frequency of use of specific strategies. Setting The study was conducted at three primary schools in The Netherlands. Subjects A total of 259 children between 4 and 12 years old and their parents (n 242). Results Parents used different strategies for fruit as compared with vegetables. The vegetable-eating context was more negative than the fruit-eating context. Parental intake and presenting the children with choice were positive predictors of children’s intake of both fruit and vegetables. The intake difference based on frequency of use of the strategy ‘Choice’ was 40 g/d for vegetables and 72 g/d for fruit (P < 0·001). Conclusions Future interventions should focus on presenting children with choice during fruit- and vegetable-eating situations, since this is a powerful strategy to stimulate children’s fruit and vegetable intake.
Activation of the Farnesoid X Receptor Induces Hepatic Expression and Secretion of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21*

Background: The hormone FGF21 is a potent regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and a promising drug for treating metabolic syndrome. Results: Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonists and FGF19 induce hepatic FGF21 secretion via a transcriptional mechanism and posttranscriptional mechanism, respectively. Conclusion: Activation of the FXR pathway stimulates FGF21 expression and secretion. Significance: Activation of FXR is a potential approach to enhance endogenous FGF21 production and reverse metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have shown that starvation or consumption of a high fat, low carbohydrate (HF-LC) ketogenic diet induces hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) gene expression in part by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα). Using primary hepatocyte cultures to screen for endogenous signals that mediate the nutritional regulation of FGF21 expression, we identified two sources of PPARα activators (i.e. nonesterified unsaturated fatty acids and chylomicron remnants) that induced FGF21 gene expression. In addition, we discovered that natural (i.e. bile acids) and synthetic (i.e. GW4064) activators of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) increased FGF21 gene expression and secretion. The effects of bile acids were additive with the effects of nonesterified unsaturated fatty acids in regulating FGF21 expression. FXR activation of FGF21 gene transcription was mediated by an FXR/retinoid X receptor binding site in the 5′-flanking region of the FGF21 gene. FGF19, a gut hormone whose expression and secretion is induced by intestinal bile acids, also increased hepatic FGF21 secretion. Deletion of FXR in mice suppressed the ability of an HF-LC ketogenic diet to induce hepatic FGF21 gene expression. The results of this study identify FXR as a new signaling pathway activating FGF21 expression and provide evidence that FXR activators work in combination with PPARα activators to mediate the stimulatory effect of an HF-LC ketogenic diet on FGF21 expression. We propose that the enhanced enterohepatic flux of bile acids during HF-LC consumption leads to activation of hepatic FXR and FGF19 signaling activity and an increase in FGF21 gene expression and secretion.
BCR‐ABL1 molecular remission after 90Y‐epratuzumab tetraxetan radioimmunotherapy in CD22+ Ph+ B‐ALL: proof of principle

Although targeted therapies are used increasingly in hematologic malignancies, we are unaware of any prior studies of radioimmunotherapy (RAIT) in B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), even though this radiosensitive tumor expresses CD22, potentially a good target for this approach. Here, we report a patient with Philadelphia chromosome‐positive B‐ALL in third relapse who received RAIT with 90yttrium (90Y)‐labeled anti‐CD22 epratuzumab tetraxetan. Seven weeks after initiating therapy, the patient achieved a BCR‐ABL1 molecular remission documented by RT‐qPCR, which is now continuing at 6 months while awaiting an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. 90Y‐Epratuzumab tetraxetan may be a promising therapeutic option for CD22+ B‐ALL patients.
Interaction of the v-Rel oncoprotein with NF-kappaB and IkappaB proteins: heterodimers of a transformation-defective v-Rel mutant and NF-2 are functional in vitro and in vivo

The v-Rel oncoprotein of the avian Rev-T retrovirus is a member of the Rel/NF-kappa B family of transcription factors. The mechanism by which v-Rel malignantly transforms chicken spleen cells is not precisely known. To gain a better understanding of functions needed for transformation by v-Rel, we have now characterized the activities of mutant v-Rel proteins that are defective for specific protein-protein interactions. Mutant v-delta NLS, which has a deletion of the primary v-Rel nuclear localizing sequence, does not interact efficiently with I kappa B-alpha but still transforms chicken spleen cells approximately as well as wild-type v-Rel, indicating that interaction with I kappa B-alpha is not essential for the v-Rel transforming function. A second v-Rel mutant, v-SPW, has been shown to be defective for the formation of homodimers, DNA binding, and transformation. However, we now find that v-SPW can form functional DNA-binding heterodimers in vitro and in vivo with the cellular protein NF-kappa B p-52. Most strikingly, coexpression of v-SPW and p52 from a retroviral vector can induce the malignant transformation of chicken spleen cells, whereas expression of either protein alone cannot. Our results are most consistent with a model wherein Rel homodimers or heterodimers must bind DNA and alter gene expression in order to transform lymphoid cells.