Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single Sensor Source Separation for Acoustical Machine Diagnostics

Acoustical recordings in the context of machine diagnosis usually consist of a multitude of signal components. In order to analyse the individual components of the machine regarding their condition or even to detect faults it is advantageous to handle the signals separately according to their origin of generation. To become independent from recording situations, we propose single sensor source separation algorithms as preprocessing step for automatic machine diagnostic algorithms. Because of the underlying purely additive model, one promising method for source separation is the non-negative spectrogram analysis, e.g. the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The basic NMF can be extended e.g. by separating steady state signals, transient signals, and even harmonic components with time-varying pitch and partial amplitudes. With such extensions, the non-negative spectrogram analysis can be easily adopted to a wide range of separation tasks. In this contribution an algorithm is proposed to separate a measured signal of an electrical machine, containing the superposition of a steady state motor noise signal and the transient signal of a defect bearing.
de Travail du Centre d ’ Economie de la Sorbonne Existence of pseudo-equilibria in a financial economy

This paper proves the existence of a pseudo-equilibrium in a financial economy with incomplete markets in which the agents may have nonordered preferences. We will use a fixed-point-like theorem of [4] that generalizes the results by Hirsch, Magill, Mas-Colell [18] and Husseini, Lasry, Magill [19] to encompass the framework considered by Gale and Mas-Colell ([14],[15]). Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). Primary 47H10, 91B50.
What Kind of Fiscal Union?

POLICY CHALLENGE We propose limited fiscal union, including the creation of a euro-area finance ministry, with a minister with veto rights over national budgets that could threaten euro-area sustainability. The ministry would also assess the liquidity and solvency of governments facing difficulties, and provide support to illiquid but solvent governments. It would be able to rely on federal tax resources, and would set up and back up a euro-area deposit insurance corporation with banking supervision and resolution authority. Our plan implies a significant transfer of sovereignty, requiring a new political contract between the euro area's nations and people. The finance minister would be held democratically accountable. Setting a clear transition to limited fiscal union should create space for the Euro-pean Central Bank to act as lender of last resort. The role of the euro-area finance minister THE ISSUE The euro area's shortcomings have become abundantly clear. It was set up without powers of strict surveillance over macroeconomic imbalances, crisis management and resolution instruments, or adequate banking supervision and resolution tools. The core reason for these failures is the absence of a fiscal union with corresponding authority over fiscal, structural and banking policies. Attempts to right these wrongs have been ad hoc and have so far fallen short and moral hazard is prevalent. Financial markets are increasingly aware of these inadequacies, and have started to price in the possibility of the break up of the euro area.
Examining the Psychometric Properties of the Identify as a Professional Social Worker Subscale

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Identify as a Professional Social Worker Subscale, which assessed the Council on Social Work Education–prescribed competency identify as a professional social worker and conduct oneself accordingly. The results of confirmatory factory analysis indicated that the items on the measure assessed the underlying latent construct of identification as a professional social worker. The item response theory analysis indicated that the measure could be shortened to a four-item measure, and the item “demonstrate professional demeanor in behavior, appearance, and communication” was the highest discriminating item, whereas “advocate for client access to the services of social work” was the lowest discriminating item. Implications for research, measurement development, and the 2015 Educational Policy and Accreditation Standards are discussed.
IMAGE-GUIDED FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION SIMULATIONS OF HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS

INTRODUCTION In spite of significant recent advances in imaging modalities for studying cardiac hemodynamics, present day in vivo measurement techniques can only resolve large scale blood flow features. Understanding flow patterns in the heart at physiological conditions and scales sufficiently fine for establishing quantitatively links between disease and patientspecific hemodynamics continues to remain a major research challenge. For instance, in vitro experiments and FSI computational studies have clearly shown that at physiological conditions the presence of a prosthetic heart valve gives rise to complex flow patterns characterized by fine scale flow structures and transition to turbulence. This complex and dynamically rich flow environment is widely believed to be a major culprit for the clinical complications that arise following implantation of valve prosthesis. High-resolution numerical simulation appears to be the only viable option for advancing our understanding of cardiac hemodynamics especially in the presence of prosthetic heart valves.
Exponential contrast maximization of intensity images

In this paper a novel approach is proposed to approximate the exponential correction factor of grayscale images which maximizes the contrast of the image in the class of exponential intensity mapping functions. The error of approximation is less than 10% compared to the optimal exponent determined by the iterative bisection method. Besides the method maximizes the contrast in the class of exponential functions, it can be used to restore under- and over-exposed images. In the tests well exposed images were exponentially distorted and the result of contrast enhancement using the proposed method and histogram equalization are compared. Alghough the contrast provided by the proposed method is smaller, the resulting images are smoother than in the case of histogram equalization, furthermore the results of the exponential contrast maximization have higher correlation with the original images than histogram equalized distorted images.
Multiparallel Asymmetrical Cycloconverter Having Improved Power Factor and Waveforms

A newly developed cycloconverter having an improved power factor is presented. The cycloconverter is composed of three or six converters connected in parallel through interphase reactors. To reduce reactive power, the thyristors in the bridge are controlled so as to have the minimum number of phase-controlled thyristors, and the other thyristors are kept in the turn-on or -off states. To compensate for the unbalanced input current of the bridge, the input terminals of three or six bridges are parallel connected and twisted to each other. Owing to the multiparallel configuration, the cycloconverter fits for relatively low voltage and high current ratings. The method enables the realization of almost the same power factor and harmonic content as the conventional high-performance cycloconverters. Both the experimental and simulation results show that a power factor of above 0.8 is obtained in 70 percent of its operating area at a load power factor of 0.8. The microcomputer-based gate control circuit is described and results with the conventional cycloconverters are compared.
The YAIL : An Intermediate Language for theNative Compilation of Prolog

A major goal for any Prolog implementor is to achieve the best performance for applications. Advanced compilation is essential for high performance. The last few years have seen improvements in Prolog compilation technology resulting in a return to the idea of native code execution. We present work on designing a novel native code compiler for Prolog. The compiler uses an intermediate language optimised for novel architectures, such as the ALPHA and performs several optimisations to obtain good quality code.
Neurotransmitter profile of saccadic omnipause neurons in nucleus raphe interpositus

Saccadic omnipause neurons (OPNs) are essential for the generation of saccadic eye movements. In primates OPNs are located near the midline within the nucleus raphe interpositus (rip). In the present study we used several different neuroanatomical methods to investigate the transmitters associated with OPNs in the monkey. Immunolabeling for the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin was employed to mark OPNs in the monkey and define the homologous cell group in cat and human. The use of antibodies against GABA, glycine (GLY), glutamate (GLU), serotonin (5-HT), and tyrosine hydroxylase revealed that the somata of OPNs are GLY immunoreactive, but they are devoid of GABA and 5-HT immunostaining. In situ hybridization with the GAD67 mRNA probe confirmed the negative GABA immunostaining of OPNs. 3H-GLY was injected into a projection field of OPNs, the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle (riMLF)--the vertical saccadic burst neuron area. This resulted in selective retrograde labeling of the OPNs in rip, while no labeling was found in the superior colliculus, which sends an excitatory projection to the riMLF. The somata and dendrites of putative burst neurons in the riMLF were contacted by numerous GLY- immunoreactive terminals. The quantitative analysis of immunoreactive terminal-like structures contacting OPNs revealed a strong input from GLY- and GABA-positive terminals on somata and dendrites, whereas GLU- positive puncta were mainly confined to the dendrites. Very few 5-HT and catecholaminergic terminals contacted OPN somata. Our findings suggest that OPNs use GLY as a neurotransmitter, and they receive numerous contacts from GABAergic, glycinergic, and glutaminergic afferents, and significantly fewer from monoaminergic inputs.
Generalized Evolutionary Algorithm based on Tsallis Statistics

Department of Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India(Dated: February 1, 2008)Generalized evolutionary algorithm based on Tsallis canonical distribution is proposed. Thealgorithm uses Tsallis generalized canonical distribution to weigh the conﬁgurations for ‘selection’instead of Gibbs-Boltzmann distribution. Our simulation results show that for an appropriatechoice of non-extensive index that is oﬀered by Tsallis statistics, evolutionary algorithms based onthis generalization outperform algorithms based on Gibbs-Boltzmann distribution.
On convergence properties of subspace trackers based on orthogonal iteration

This paper studies convergence properties of subspace trackers using orthogonal iteration. In the context of blind estimation of a time-varying channel, orthogonal iteration and its variants have been widely considered for tracking the channel parameters by updating the eigendecomposition of an exponentially weighted correlation matrix. While it is well known that orthogonal iteration converges exponentially with arbitrary initial conditions, orthogonal-iteration-based subspace trackers can only inherit these merits when the channels considered undergo extremely slow time-variations. In this paper, we generalize the traditional (i.e. fixed subspace) convergence analysis of the orthogonal iteration to include non-stationary situations as well. We use the results to investigate the convergence behavior of subspace trackers based on orthogonal iteration under slow, moderate and rapid time-variations of the underlying subspace. In the latter case, we expose a fundamental limitation of the orthogonal iteration, i.e. practical limit on subspace variations to ensure effective tracking.
MapReduce and Streaming Algorithms for Diversity Maximization in Metric Spaces of Bounded Doubling Dimension

Given a dataset of points in a metric space and an integer $k$, a diversity maximization problem requires determining a subset of $k$ points maximizing some diversity objective measure, e.g., the minimum or the average distance between two points in the subset. Diversity maximization is computationally hard, hence only approximate solutions can be hoped for. Although its applications are mainly in massive data analysis, most of the past research on diversity maximization focused on the sequential setting. In this work we present space and pass/round-efficient diversity maximization algorithms for the Streaming and MapReduce models and analyze their approximation guarantees for the relevant class of metric spaces of bounded doubling dimension. Like other approaches in the literature, our algorithms rely on the determination of high-quality core-sets, i.e., (much) smaller subsets of the input which contain good approximations to the optimal solution for the whole input. For a variety of diversity objective functions, our algorithms attain an $(\alpha+\epsilon)$-approximation ratio, for any constant $\epsilon>0$, where $\alpha$ is the best approximation ratio achieved by a polynomial-time, linear-space sequential algorithm for the same diversity objective. This improves substantially over the approximation ratios attainable in Streaming and MapReduce by state-of-the-art algorithms for general metric spaces. We provide extensive experimental evidence of the effectiveness of our algorithms on both real world and synthetic datasets, scaling up to over a billion points.
Inverse System Decoupling Control for Induction Motor Based on Neural Network On-Line Learning

The induction motor is a MIMO, nonlinear and high coupling system. The reversibility of the induction motor is testified. Consequently, a pseudo-linear system is completed by constructing a neural network inverse (NNI) system and combining it with the motor system. The inverse can transform the MIMO nonlinear system into two SISO linear subsystems (i.e., rotor speed and flux subsystems). In order to approach the inversion exactly in operation of the motor, the control method online learning based on NNI system is proposed, in which connection value can be amended continuously on-line to make the NN adapt to the changes of environment to strengthen its robustness. Experiment results have shown that NN can be adjusted in the control process. The good applicability of NN along with the strong stability and robustness of the system can be achieved by using the proposed method.
Rank-One Matrix Pursuit for Matrix Completion

Low rank matrix completion has been applied successfully in a wide range of machine learning applications, such as collaborative filtering, image inpainting and Microarray data imputation. However, many existing algorithms are not scalable to large-scale problems, as they involve computing singular value decomposition. In this paper, we present an efficient and scalable algorithm for matrix completion. The key idea is to extend the well-known orthogonal matching pursuit from the vector case to the matrix case. In each iteration, we pursue a rank-one matrix basis generated by the top singular vector pair of the current approximation residual and update the weights for all rank-one matrices obtained up to the current iteration. We further propose a novel weight updating rule to reduce the time and storage complexity, making the proposed algorithm scalable to large matrices. We establish the linear convergence of the proposed algorithm. The fast convergence is achieved due to the proposed construction of matrix bases and the estimation of the weights. We empirically evaluate the proposed algorithm on many real-world large-scale datasets. Results show that our algorithm is much more efficient than state-of-the-art matrix completion algorithms while achieving similar or better prediction performance.
IDnet Mesh : A User Identity Solution for the Internet

This paper presents IDnet mesh, a general-purpose user identity solution for the Internet, which provides a scalable commonidentity validationservice to the public. This common service can enable diversified new Internet services as well as new features for existing ones. IDnet mesh uses tamper-resistant biometric-based hardware devices, called Internet passports, to achieve strong user accountability. At the same time, the system exploits cryptographic hash functions and RSA to fully preserve user privacy on the public Internet. Our system adopts a practical trust model such that it yields high system evolvability; it requires no changes to the current Internet infrastructure and protocols, and therefore is completely incrementally deployable. We use a Linux-based implementation of IDnet mesh algorithm and protocols at a cluster of servers in Emulab to perform benchmarks for the core algorithm and to test the functional integrity of the protocol implementation. We perform extensive evaluation of IDnet mesh’s scalability, security, efficiency, and reliability. Final ly, we assess the overhead induced by our system in the case of Email and Web services and demonstrate that IDnet mesh can be scalably integrated with these services, thereby improving their integrity.
ON INFORMATION QUALITY RANKING AND ITS MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS

We study the quality ranking of different information structures. In a unified setting, we present eight representations of essentially the same notion that may arise in distinct literatures, and also establish the intricate relationships among them. The forms that are less familiar to researchers turn out to be more relevant to the operations management context. We also relate the information structure ranking to concepts often invoked in operations management literature, such as advance demand information and decision postponement. Using some of the established relations, we argue for building a cross-docking facility as close as possible to the distribution centers it serves.
Fishery-Induced Changes in the Subtropical Pacific Pelagic Ecosystem Size Structure: Observations and Theory

We analyzed a 16-year (1996–2011) time series of catch and effort data for 23 species with mean weights ranging from 0.8 kg to 224 kg, recorded by observers in the Hawaii-based deep-set longline fishery. Over this time period, domestic fishing effort, as numbers of hooks set in the core Hawaii-based fishing ground, has increased fourfold. The standardized aggregated annual catch rate for 9 small (<15 kg) species increased about 25% while for 14 large species (>15 kg) it decreased about 50% over the 16-year period. A size-based ecosystem model for the subtropical Pacific captures this pattern well as a response to increased fishing effort. Further, the model projects a decline in the abundance of fishes larger than 15 kg results in an increase in abundance of animals from 0.1 to 15 kg but with minimal subsequent cascade to sizes smaller than 0.1 kg. These results suggest that size-based predation plays a key role in structuring the subtropical ecosystem. These changes in ecosystem size structure show up in the fishery in various ways. The non-commercial species lancetfish (mean weight 7 kg) has now surpassed the target species, bigeye tuna, as the species with the highest annual catch rate. Based on the increase in snake mackerel (mean weight 0.8 kg) and lancetfish catches, the discards in the fishery are estimated to have increased from 30 to 40% of the total catch.
Observations of nightside auroral cavities

Radar observations of field-aligned auroral F region density depletions (cavities) have been identified in a portion of the Sondre Stromfjord incoherent scatter radar (ISR) data base covering the period February 1986 to January 1988. These auroral cavities' are nightside phenomena with localized, field-aligned F region density depletions of 20 to 70 percent below surrounding values. They occur during moderate to quiet geomagnetic conditions when the pillared edge of the auroral oval is within view of Sondre Stromijord. Seasonally, they are a wintertime phenomena occurring just pillared of the statistical auroral oval. Unlike the previously reported polar hole,' the average width of the cavities is less than 100 km. Case studies show that the cavities closely track the pillared edge of the most pillared auroral arc. Sequential radar scans show that cavities appear on time scales as short as several minutes, suggestive of local electrodynamic formation or rapid transport. Data from January 24, 1987, collected during coordinated optical, radar, and satellite observations spanning an hour of local time, were examined for possible cavity formation mechanisms. The cavity formation processes examined herein include locally enhanced chemical loss, vertical diffusion, drifting horizontal gradients in the background plasma, and evacuation as a result ofmore » field-aligned currents. The formation time scales, calculated evacuation fluxes, close proximity to E region aurora, and field-aligned current signatures seen in magnetometer and radar observations suggest a strong association of the cavities with upward flowing electrons carrying region 1 downward field-aligned currents. 46 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab. « less
Interfaces for Cloning in Immersive Virtual Environments

Three-dimensional objects in many applications domains, such as architecture and construction, can be extremely complex and can consist of a large number of components. However, many of these complex objects also contain a great deal of repetition. Therefore, cloning techniques, which generate multiple spatially distributed copies of an object to form a repeated pattern, can be used to model these objects more efficiently. Such techniques are important and useful in desktop three-dimensional modeling systems, but we are not aware of any cloning techniques designed for immersive virtual environments (VEs). In this paper, we present an initial effort toward the design and development of such interfaces. We define the design space of the cloning task, and present five novel VE interfaces for cloning, then articulate the design rationale. We have also performed a usability study intended to elicit subjective responses with regard to affordances, feedback, attention, perceived usefulness, ease of use, and ease of learning in these interfaces. The study resulted in four major conclusions. First, slider widgets are better suited for discrete than for continuous numeric input. Second, the attentional requirements of the interface increase with increased degrees-of-freedom associated with widgets. Third, users prefer constrained widget movement, although more degrees-of-freedom allow more efficient parameter setting. Finally, appropriate feedback can reduce the cognitive load. The lessons we learned will influence our continuing design of cloning techniques, and these techniques will ultimately be applied to VE applications for design, construction, and prototyping.
Deriving minimal sensory configurations for evolved cooperative robot teams

This paper presents a study on the impact of different robot sensory configurations (morphologies) in simulated robot teams that must accomplish a collective (cooperative) behavior task. The study's objective was to investigate if effective collective behaviors could be efficiently evolved given minimal morphological complexity of individual robots in an homogenous team. A range of sensory configurations are tested in company with evolved controllers for a collective construction task. Results indicate that a minimal sensory configuration yields the highest task performance, and increasing the complexity of the sensory configuration does not yield an increased task performance.