Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammation Activities of Pork Extracts

This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of boiled pork powder (BPP) and hot water extract powder (HWEP) from 4 cuts of meat from Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc (LYD). The highest DPPH radical scavenging activities determined were from BPP of Boston butt (13.65 M TE) and HWEP of loin (19.40 M TE) and ham (21.45 M TE). The 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities of BPP from shoulder ham (39.28 M TE) and ham (39.43 M TE) were higher than those of other meat cuts, while HWEP of ham exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity. A higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity was determined for BPP from ham (198.35 M TE) and in HWEP from loin (204.07 M TE), Boston butt (192.85 M TE), and ham (201.36 M TE). Carnosine content of BPP and HWEP from loin and were determined to be 106.68 and 117.77 mg/g on a dry basis, respectively. The anserine content of BPP (5.26 mg/g, dry basis) and HWEP (6.79 mg/g, dry basis) of shoulder ham exhibited the highest value as compared to the extracts from the other meat cuts. The viability of RAW 264.7 cells was increased with increasing HWEP from loin and ham treatment. In addition, the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly reduced by HWEP from loin and ham, in a dose dependent manner. These results suggested that boiled pork and hot water extract of pork have antioxidative and cytokine inhibitory effects.
Iterative Channel Estimation Algorithm for OFDM Systems with Bit-Interleaving

A new iterative channel estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems was proposed based on Maximum-Likelihood (ML) by using a specially designed training symbol. The proposed channel estimation utilizes the hard-decision information provided by the decoder of bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) to exchange the information between the channel estimator and the decoder. In BICM-OFDM systems, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm not only reduces the number of the training symbols but also improves the accuracy of comunication system comparing with conventional algorithms.
Swarm Intelligence and Bio-inspired Computation Swarm Intelligence and Bio-inspired Computation Theory and Applications Library of Congress Cataloging-in-publication Data

No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher's permissions policies and our arrangement with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier. com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors,or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. This book has been manufactured using Print On Demand technology. Each copy is produced to order and is limited to black ink. The online version of this book will show color figures where appropriate.
Performance Evaluation of OSv for Server Applications

This report presents preliminary results from ongoing research into the potential performance improvements of the unikernel programming model over traditional operating systems in virtualized environments. We compare OSv to a typical Linux server in DNS and HTTP server benchmarks and find that OSv seems to provide an appreciable performance improvement even despite its relative immaturity.
On Analysis and Synthesis of Safe Control Laws

Controller synthesis for nonlinear systems is considered with the following ob- jective: no trajectory starting from a given set of initial states is allowed to enter into a given set of forbidden (unsafe) states. A methodology for safety verification using barrier certificates has recently been proposed. Here it is shown how a safe control law together with a corresponding certificate can be computed by means of convex optimization. A basic tool is the theory for density functions in analysis of nonlinear systems. Computational examples are considered.
Groundwater and public health

1 Groundwater and public health Water-related disease remains one of the major health concerns in the World. Diarrhoeal diseases, which are largely derived from poor water and sanitation account for 2.4 million deaths each year and contribute over 73 million Disability Adjusted Life Years per annum (WHO, 1999). On a global scale, this places diarrhoeal disease sixth highest cause of mortality and third in the list of morbidity and it is estimated that 5.7 per cent of the global disease burden is derived from poor water, sanitation and hygiene (Prüss et al., 2002). This health burden is primarily borne by the populations in developing countries and by children. At 2002 estimates, one-sixth of humanity (1.1 billion people) lack access to any form of improved water supply within 1 kilometre of their home and one-fifth of humanity (2.6 billion people) lack access to some form of improved excreta disposal (WHO and UNICEF, 2004). These figures relate to the clear definitions provided in the updated Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment Report and are shown in Table 1.1 below. Table 1.1. Definition of improved and unimproved water supply and sanitation facilities (WHO and UNICEF, 2004). Water supply Sanitation Improved Unimproved Improved Unimproved Household connection Unprotected well Connection to a public sewer Public standpipe Unprotected spring Connection to a septic system Service or bucket latrines (where excreta removed manually) Boreholes Vendor-provided water Pour-flush latrine Public latrines Protected dug well Bottled water Simple pit latrine Latrines with an open pit Protected spring Tanker-truck provided water Ventilated improved pit latrine Rainwater collection If the quality of water or sanitation were taken into account, these numbers of people without access to water supplies and sanitation would increase even further. Endemic and epidemic disease derived from poor water supply affects all nations. Outbreaks of waterborne disease continue to occur in both developed and developing countries, leading to loss of life, avoidable disease and economic costs to individuals and communities. The improvement of water quality control strategies, in conjunction with improvements in excreta disposal and personal hygiene can be expected to deliver substantial health gains in the population. This book provides information on strategies for the protection of groundwater sources used for drinking water as a component of an integrated approach to drinking-water safety management (WHO, 2004; Davison et al., 2004). The importance of source protection as the first stage of managing water quality has been an important …
Signal detection with parallel orthogonal matching pursuit in multi-user spatial modulation systems

In this paper, we propose a novel signal detection technique with parallel orthogonal matching pursuit (POMP) for a multi-user spatial modulation (SM) uplink network which consists of a single base station (BS) with Nr antennas and K users with Nt antennas. Each user utilizes the SM, and thus it sends a modulated symbol via a single antenna among Nt antennas. The BS tries to estimate the symbols simultaneously received from K users. In the proposed signal detection technique, the BS modifies the conventional OMP algorithm, known as one of the most promising detection techniques in sparse signal processing field, by selecting multiple candidates M at the first iteration of the OMP algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed technique significantly outperforms the OMP algorithm in terms of symbol-error rate. It is worth noting that the proposed technique requires M-times more complexity than the OMP-based technique, but it has still much lower complexity than the maximum likelihood detector.
Sea detection on high-resolution panchromatic satellite images using texture and intensity

In this paper, a two-stage sea-land mask detection algorithm on high resolution panchromatic images is proposed. An initial mask is generated using texture features in the first stage and this mask is refined by using intensity values in the second stage. Image is divided into windows and the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) histograms, evaluated at each window, are modelled using the sea and land sample spaces obtained by the altitude information which has very low resolution compared to the image. These models are utilized for graph cut segmentation algorithm to generate the initial mask. Output mask is generated by thresholding the geodesic distance to the eroded initial mask, calculated on the enhanced and filtered image. Test results obtained on satellite images showed that the proposed algorithm is capable of detection of sea with a high accuracy rate.
CBR Agent Aided Decison Support

1.The development of DSS Decision support systems (DSS) are interactive, computer-based systems helping decision-makers (individuals and/or groups) to solve various semistructured and unstructured problems involving multiple attributes, objectives, and goals[2]. With the development of information technologies and the changes of application envorionment , DSS has evolved over the past few decades. In the 1970s, these applications were simple and based on spreadsheet software. During the 1980s, decision-support systems incorporated optimization models, which originated in the operations research and management science communities. In the 1990s, these systems were further enhanced with components from artificial intelligence and statistics.
Research of chaotic synchronization based on Lorenz mode

In order to realize chaotic synchronization with less time and better capability, a method which combining linear feedback control and response system is studied in this paper based on Lorenz chaotic model. First of all, chaotic synchronization is realized by a driver-response model. Next, on the basis of this model, a method of linear feedback control is proposed to reduce the synchronization time. And then, the range of control parameters is given to achieve the Lorenz chaotic system synchronization, and furthermore, based on theoretic analysis, simulation results had shown its capability is satisfying and will have a perfect application prospect when applied in the fields of chaotic communication due to its perfect performance, and finally one of its application of this model is given.
The Global Burden of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Re-estimation Using Mathematical Modelling

Background The existing estimate of the global burden of latent TB infection (LTBI) as “one-third” of the world population is nearly 20 y old. Given the importance of controlling LTBI as part of the End TB Strategy for eliminating TB by 2050, changes in demography and scientific understanding, and progress in TB control, it is important to re-assess the global burden of LTBI. Methods and Findings We constructed trends in annual risk in infection (ARI) for countries between 1934 and 2014 using a combination of direct estimates of ARI from LTBI surveys (131 surveys from 1950 to 2011) and indirect estimates of ARI calculated from World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates of smear positive TB prevalence from 1990 to 2014. Gaussian process regression was used to generate ARIs for country-years without data and to represent uncertainty. Estimated ARI time-series were applied to the demography in each country to calculate the number and proportions of individuals infected, recently infected (infected within 2 y), and recently infected with isoniazid (INH)-resistant strains. Resulting estimates were aggregated by WHO region. We estimated the contribution of existing infections to TB incidence in 2035 and 2050. In 2014, the global burden of LTBI was 23.0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 20.4%–26.4%), amounting to approximately 1.7 billion people. WHO South-East Asia, Western-Pacific, and Africa regions had the highest prevalence and accounted for around 80% of those with LTBI. Prevalence of recent infection was 0.8% (95% UI: 0.7%–0.9%) of the global population, amounting to 55.5 (95% UI: 48.2–63.8) million individuals currently at high risk of TB disease, of which 10.9% (95% UI:10.2%–11.8%) was isoniazid-resistant. Current LTBI alone, assuming no additional infections from 2015 onwards, would be expected to generate TB incidences in the region of 16.5 per 100,000 per year in 2035 and 8.3 per 100,000 per year in 2050. Limitations included the quantity and methodological heterogeneity of direct ARI data, and limited evidence to inform on potential clearance of LTBI. Conclusions We estimate that approximately 1.7 billion individuals were latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) globally in 2014, just under a quarter of the global population. Investment in new tools to improve diagnosis and treatment of those with LTBI at risk of progressing to disease is urgently needed to address this latent reservoir if the 2050 target of eliminating TB is to be reached.
Modeling topic hierarchies with the recursive chinese restaurant process

Topic models such as latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and hierarchical Dirichlet processes (HDP) are simple solutions to discover topics from a set of unannotated documents. While they are simple and popular, a major shortcoming of LDA and HDP is that they do not organize the topics into a hierarchical structure which is naturally found in many datasets. We introduce the recursive Chinese restaurant process (rCRP) and a nonparametric topic model with rCRP as a prior for discovering a hierarchical topic structure with unbounded depth and width. Unlike previous models for discovering topic hierarchies, rCRP allows the documents to be generated from a mixture over the entire set of topics in the hierarchy. We apply rCRP to a corpus of New York Times articles, a dataset of MovieLens ratings, and a set of Wikipedia articles and show the discovered topic hierarchies. We compare the predictive power of rCRP with LDA, HDP, and nested Chinese restaurant process (nCRP) using heldout likelihood to show that rCRP outperforms the others. We suggest two metrics that quantify the characteristics of a topic hierarchy to compare the discovered topic hierarchies of rCRP and nCRP. The results show that rCRP discovers a hierarchy in which the topics become more specialized toward the leaves, and topics in the immediate family exhibit more affinity than topics beyond the immediate family.
# 2001-001 Evaluating Opportunity and Effectiveness of Cache Resizing to Reduce Energy Dissipation

Cache memories are accounting for an increasing fraction of a chip’s transistors and overall energy dissipation. Recent research advocates using “resizable” caches to exploit cache size variability in applications to reduce cache size and eliminate energy dissipation in the cache’s unused sections with minimal impact on performance. Current proposals for resizable caches fundamentally vary in two design aspects: (1) cache organization, where one organization, referred to aselective-ways , varies the cache’s set-associativity, while the other, referred to as selective-sets , varies the number of cache sets, and (2) resizing strategy, where one proposal statically sets the cache size prior to an application’s execution, while the other allows for dynamicresizing both across and within applications. While the various design choices in these proposals vastly differ in how they exploit opportunity for cache resizing and their effectiveness in reducing energy, these choices have never been compared against each other. In this paper, we evaluate the opportunity for and effectiveness of cache resizing in reducing energy dissipation. Rather than evaluating an exhaustive set of design choices, we select a key set of questions to understand the underlying application/system characteristics affecting design choices. We also propose and evaluate a hybrid resizable cache exploiting the advantages of both previous organizations. Using cycle-accurate performance and circuit simulation tools, we show that: (1) selective-ways and selective-sets perform comparably for i-caches, but selective-sets outperforms selective-ways for d-caches because selective-sets maintains setassociativity while reducing size benefitting applications with a high degree of conflict misses, (2) there is only a moderate degree of opportunity for dynamic resizing within applications, (3) a miss-ratio based dynamic resizing framework is more effective in capturing the opportunity for resizing within applications in i-caches than d-caches, because in d-caches misses are often overlapped making performance less sensitive to miss ratio, and (4) a hybrid organization of selective-ways-and-sets offers a richer spectrum of sizes than either individual organization, reducing the energy-delay by 36% and 32% in iand d-caches as compared to selective-sets. proveenergy ooling s [21]. res — diction strucnergy iques, igh-pers e to fit sizable k, and tes a proets. ularity resizize and and on s [1] xploits s a react to o lexity. nd the choices o complicaiveness ons of rlyluate a revious
Role management in adhoc networks

The purpose of an ad-hoc network is to enable interactions among its participants. It is thus important to ensure that these interactions are governed by well-defined policies that define the rules for accessing services and resources in the network. In order to address explicit specification of policies for each activity, an architectural framework is proposed to adapt policy based access control called role based access control (RBAC) model in the MANET environment. We analyze the possible wireless adhoc communication environment with respect to security and propose a layer where routine or dynamic analysis of adopted roles by devices can be formulated. We present analysis of such parameters and show that framework for these parameters within the proposed layer leads to better management during time critical operations of wireless adhoc networks.
A PC-based Decision Support System for Optimal Cutting of Logs in Veneers Production

We report on a user-friendly decision support system (DSS) for solving specific cutting stock problem from a smaller wood-processing company. A prototype DSS is developed for use in veneers production and is designed to aid mangers in create or improving existing tailoring of logs using their experience and preference s. The results of testing a typical cutting-stock problem are shown to point out how such DSS, which utilizes linear and mixed-integer programming, can reduce inventory costs and improves the exploitation of input material
Fostering a Culture of Sustainabilty in Municipalities through Effective Training

Human society as a whole has a reached a tipping point in its relationship with the socio-ecological systems upon which it depends. All sectors of society need to be involved in addressing this crucial challenge through a raised awareness of the issues and pro-active solutions to it. This research focuses on small urban towns and cities, where half the world’s urban population lives, and looks at the ways in which local government in these key areas can play an active role in leading sustainability through education and training. Municipalities and communities that use the framework for strategic sustainable development (FSSD) were investigated, and the conditions were identified that helped and hindered training to be really effective. Effective training, in its many forms, was found to be essential in fomenting a common language of sustainability, engaging the community, and bringing concerted strategic actions that together could foster a culture of sustainability.
Applying the intention-to-treat principle in practice: Guidance on handling randomisation errors

Background: The intention-to-treat principle states that all randomised participants should be analysed in their randomised group. The implications of this principle are widely discussed in relation to the analysis, but have received limited attention in the context of handling errors that occur during the randomisation process. The aims of this article are to (1) demonstrate the potential pitfalls of attempting to correct randomisation errors and (2) provide guidance on handling common randomisation errors when they are discovered that maintains the goals of the intention-to-treat principle. Methods: The potential pitfalls of attempting to correct randomisation errors are demonstrated and guidance on handling common errors is provided, using examples from our own experiences. Results: We illustrate the problems that can occur when attempts are made to correct randomisation errors and argue that documenting, rather than correcting these errors, is most consistent with the intention-to-treat principle. When a participant is randomised using incorrect baseline information, we recommend accepting the randomisation but recording the correct baseline data. If ineligible participants are inadvertently randomised, we advocate keeping them in the trial and collecting all relevant data but seeking clinical input to determine their appropriate course of management, unless they can be excluded in an objective and unbiased manner. When multiple randomisations are performed in error for the same participant, we suggest retaining the initial randomisation and either disregarding the second randomisation if only one set of data will be obtained for the participant, or retaining the second randomisation otherwise. When participants are issued the incorrect treatment at the time of randomisation, we propose documenting the treatment received and seeking clinical input regarding the ongoing treatment of the participant. Conclusion: Randomisation errors are almost inevitable and should be reported in trial publications. The intention-to-treat principle is useful for guiding responses to randomisation errors when they are discovered.
Enhanced Model Selection for motion segmentation

In this paper a novel rank estimation technique for trajectories motion segmentation within the Local Subspace Affinity (LSA) framework is presented. This technique, called Enhanced Model Selection (EMS), is based on the relationship between the estimated rank of the trajectory matrix and the affinity matrix built by LSA. The results on synthetic and real data show that without any a priori knowledge, EMS automatically provides an accurate and robust rank estimation, improving the accuracy of the final motion segmentation.
DrProject: a software project management portal to meet educational needs

DrProject is a web-based software project management portal that integrates revision control, issue tracking, mailing lists, a wiki, and other features. Unlike other such systems, DrProject is specifically tailored to the needs of undergraduate teaching and team programming assignments. We describe the pedagogical motivations for DrProject and our experiences with it to date.