Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
F-18 FDG Versus Ga-67 for Detecting Splenic Involvement in Hodgkin’s Disease

Purpose The objectives of this investigation were to characterize splenic uptake patterns of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and Ga-67 in newly diagnosed Hodgkin’s disease, to correlate these uptake patterns with the presence or absence of splenic disease, and to compare the accuracy of these two studies for detecting splenic disease. Methods FDG positron emission tomography and Ga-67 whole-body and SPECT imaging were performed in 32 patients with previously untreated Hodgkin’s disease. Two readers, blinded to clinical information and final diagnoses, independently reviewed the study results. For both FDG and Ga-67, the intensity of splenic uptake was compared with the intensity of hepatic uptake and graded as follows: 0, less than liver uptake; 1, equal to liver uptake; and 2, greater than liver uptake. Differences in interpretation were resolved by consensus. Results Twelve (38%) of 32 patients had splenic disease. Using splenic uptake greater than hepatic uptake as the criterion for a positive study, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FDG were 92%, 100%, and 97%, respectively. Using splenic uptake at least as intense as hepatic uptake as the criterion for a positive study, the sensitivity specificity, and accuracy of Ga-67 were 50%, 95%, and 78%, respectively. The differences in sensitivity and accuracy of FDG and Ga-67 were significant (P = 0.04, and 0.03, respectively). Conclusion In newly diagnosed Hodgkin’s disease, FDG accurately diagnoses splenic involvement and is significantly more sensitive and accurate than Ga-67 for this purpose.
Gene therapy on the move

The first gene therapy clinical trials were initiated more than two decades ago. In the early days, gene therapy shared the fate of many experimental medicine approaches and was impeded by the occurrence of severe side effects in a few treated patients. The understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms leading to treatment‐ and/or vector‐associated setbacks has resulted in the development of highly sophisticated gene transfer tools with improved safety and therapeutic efficacy. Employing these advanced tools, a series of Phase I/II trials were started in the past few years with excellent clinical results and no side effects reported so far. Moreover, highly efficient gene targeting strategies and site‐directed gene editing technologies have been developed and applied clinically. With more than 1900 clinical trials to date, gene therapy has moved from a vision to clinical reality. This review focuses on the application of gene therapy for the correction of inherited diseases, the limitations and drawbacks encountered in some of the early clinical trials and the revival of gene therapy as a powerful treatment option for the correction of monogenic disorders.
A Differential Lyapunov Framework for Contraction Analysis

Lyapunov's second theorem is an essential tool for stability analysis of differential equations. The paper provides an analog theorem for incremental stability analysis by lifting the Lyapunov function to the tangent bundle. The Lyapunov function endows the state-space with a Finsler structure. Incremental stability is inferred from infinitesimal contraction of the Finsler metrics through integration along solutions curves.
Social Media Guidelines for Journalists

Now that an increasing number of journalists and editorial offices make use of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter to research, break, distribute and discuss the news, social media guidelines are being issued with increasing frequency by news organizations that want to indicate to journalists what is and is not permitted on these platforms. This study investigates how Flemish journalists experience the sense and nonsense of these social media guidelines, focusing on rules that prescribe their behaviour on Twitter. Analysis of 20 in-depth interviews demonstrates that the majority of Flemish journalists find the introduction of rules concerning the use of Twitter unnecessary. The argument heard most often is that the journalist's common sense should be enough to deal with the platform in the proper way. A number of journalists even find the rules a curtailment of individual freedom. Guidelines concerning specific formal requirements—such as mentioning the employer in the Twitter biography and/or account name, or the requirement to only use one account—encounter particular resistance. The journalists interviewed are, however, favourably disposed to a list of non-enforceable recommendations. Based on these findings, the tweeting journalists seem to indicate that they themselves are able to both adapt their use of social media to fit traditional professional norms and adapt those norms to fit the media logic of the Twitter platform.
Antibiotics in development targeting protein synthesis

The resolution of antibiotic–ribosomal subunit complexes and antibacterial–protein complexes at the atomic level has provided new insights into modifications of clinically relevant antimicrobials and provided new classes that target the protein cellular apparatus. New chemistry platforms that use fragment‐based drug design or allow novel modifications in known structural classes are being used to design new antibiotics that overcome known resistance mechanisms and extend spectrum and potency by circumventing ubiquitous efflux pumps. This review provides details on seven antibiotics in development for treatment of moderate‐to‐severe community‐acquired bacterial pneumonia and/or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: solithromycin, cethromycin, omadacycline, CEM‐102, GSK1322322, radezolid, and tedizolid. Two antibiotics of the oxazolidinone class, PF‐02341272 and AZD5847, are being developed as antituberculosis agents. Only three antibiotics that target the protein cellular machinery, TP‐434, GSK2251052, and plazomicin, have a spectrum that encompasses multidrug‐resistant Gram‐negative pathogens. These compounds provide hope for treating key pathogens that cause serious disease in both the community and the hospital.
Celebrating Unity and Debating Unity in Cameroon’s 2010 : Independence Jubilees, the “Cinquantenaire”

Cameroon celebrated the golden jubilees of Independence (as many other francophone African countries) in 2010 (in reference to French Cameroon’s independence of 1960) while Reunification (to commemorate the former British mandate territory of Southern Cameroons’ union with the former French Cameroons) was planned for 2011. The former held on National Day, 20th May 2010, anniversary of the advent of the unitary state in which events, performances, discourses (speeches, discussions, interpretations of symbols), slogans and gadgets (banners, logo) highlighted the theme of unity that has acquired different meanings over time. That neither of historical date of importance was commemorated in its proper anniversary and that unity occupies a prominent place raises questions about the significance and appropriateness of the commemorations.
Killing the dead: evolution of melancholic identifications underlying suicide attempts in adolescence

Psychic processes underlying suicidal behaviours during adolescence and their evolution are explored. A longitudinal study was conducted of thirty adolescent patients hospitalised following a suicide attempt. Clinical interviews were used combined with the Rorschach Test and the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) a few days after the suicide attempt and one year later. Results initially showed common forms of psychic adjustment: melancholic identifications were linked to an excessive dependence on objects. One year later, these forms of psychic adjustment changed: for many adolescents, the melancholic identifications shifted and self-image improved. The emergence of representations of murder fantasies immediately after the suicidal behaviour allowed a possible transformation of violence into symbolisation. A case study illustrates these psychic changes.
Neuroaesthetics: neuroscientific theory and illustration from the arts

Abstract Neuroaesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. The neuroscientist Jean-Pierre Changeux has been engaged in this area of study since l988, notably in his book Raison et Plaisir of 1994. Currently, this field at large is in search of a neuronal interpretation of creativity. To this end, Changeux's neuronal workspace model (1998), as presented again in his 2002 book The Physiology of Truth, offers a comprehensive scheme for understanding the epigenetic dynamism of the artistic process and its network architecture. From her perspective in the humanities, the literary scholar Suzanne Nalbantian conjoins a few selected literary and artistic works of the twentieth-century to illustrate in concrete terms aspects of Changeux's workspace model. This interdisciplinary collaboration helps to focus on the memory component in the creative process of higher-level synthetic brain functioning.
Search for chargino-neutralino production in pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV with high-p{sub T} leptons

We present a search for the associated production of charginos and neutralinos in pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV. The data were collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF II) and correspond to integrated luminosities between 0.7 and 1.0 fb{sup -1}. We look for final states with one high-p{sub T} electron or muon, and two additional leptons. Our results are consistent with the standard model expectations, and we set limits on the cross section as a function of the chargino mass in three different supersymmetric scenarios. For a specific minimal supersymmetric standard model scenario with no slepton mixing, we set a 95% C.L. limit at 151 GeV/c{sup 2}.
Efficacy of Neo-Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

AbstractWe have conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to determine the overall survival, mortality rate, and complete resection rate of neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy alone in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Whether neo-adjuvant CRT is beneficial in the treatment of resectable pancreatic cancer or not, it is still a controversial issue.Medline and Cochrane were searched with relevant terms. Eight studies with a total of 833 participants were selected. The meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.The analysis revealed neo-adjuvant group may have a benefit in the overall survival, as compared with the resection group, although it did not reach statistical significance (pooled hazard ratio = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.75–1.00, P = 0.051). We found no difference in the in-hospital mortality rate (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% CI = 0.35–4.58, P = 0.710). The complete resection rate was significantly higher in the neo-adjuvant group than in the resection group (pooled OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.21–4.74, P = 0.012). This meta-analysis found that there was no significant difference in the overall survival between patients treated with neo-adjuvant CRT or pancreaticduodenectomy.
Informality and Collective Organising: identities, alliances and transnational activism in Africa

Abstract This paper is a conceptual exploration of the dimensions of the contemporary politics of informal economies, from the vantage point of collective organising by ‘informal workers’. It inquires into the formation of the political subjectivities and collective identities of informal actors. The importance of the relations between their organisations and other organised actors is illustrated with a discussion of emerging alliances with trade unions. The transnational scales of collective organising by ‘informal workers’ are addressed. The paper suggests an analytical approach that takes account of the diversity of organised actors, of a variety of governing powers and of the various spatial scales of social struggle involved in the politics of informal livelihoods today. The reflections are informed by the considerable social and economic differentiation contained in informal economies and emphasise the importance of the great diversity of actors, positions, agendas and identities for understanding the complex and contingent politics of informality. Empirical illustrations are drawn from the African continent, but the discussions in the paper address wider trends and theoretical debates of relevance for other developing regions.
The performance of a novel three-pulse radar waveform for marine radar systems

This paper describes the design, development and test of a 3-pulse radar waveform for marine radar systems. Designs, results and simulations are taken from a programme spanning from 2000 to 2005. The design concept yields a low transmit power radar system requirement, 46 w, whilst able to meet radar performance commensurate with existing commercial marine radars. Test performance results are given, taken from trials of a prototype solid-state marine radar system. Spectral purity, detection performance and incidental point spread function results are given. In addition, results from an assessment of interference of the waveforms on other radars are given.
A Logic of Interactive Proofs (Formal Theory of Knowledge Transfer)

We propose a logic of interactive proofs as a framework for an intuitionistic foundation for interactive computation, which we construct via an interactive analog of the Goedel-McKinsey-Tarski-Artemov definition of Intuitionistic Logic as embedded into a classical modal logic of proofs, and of the Curry-Howard isomorphism between intuitionistic proofs and typed programs. Our interactive proofs effectuate a persistent epistemic impact in their intended communities of peer reviewers that consists in the induction of the (propositional) knowledge of their proof goal by means of the (individual) knowledge of the proof with the interpreting reviewer. That is, interactive proofs effectuate a transfer of propositional knowledge (knowable facts) via the transmission of certain individual knowledge (knowable proofs) in multi-agent distributed systems. In other words, we as a community can have the formal common knowledge that a proof is that which if known to one of our peer members would induce the knowledge of its proof goal with that member. Last but not least, we prove non-trivial interactive computation as definable within our simply typed interactive Combinatory Logic to be nonetheless equipotent to non-interactive computation as defined by simply typed Combinatory Logic.
Interpolation method of nonlinear dynamical systems identification based on volterra model in frequency domain

The accuracy of the interpolation method of nonlinear dynamical systems identification based on the Volterra model in the frequency domain is studied in this paper. To extract the n-th partial component in the response of the system to the test signal the n-th partial derivative of the response using the test signal amplitude is found and its value is taken at zero. The polyharmonic signals are used as the test ones. The algorithmic and software toolkit in Matlab is developed for identification processes. This toolkit is used for constructing the informational model of test system. The model is built as a first, second and third order amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics. The comparison of obtained characteristics with previous works is given.
Energy-Efficient Cell Association and Load Analysis in Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

This paper exploits the fundamental connection between cell association and load in the sense of bits-per-joule energy efficiency. Users adopt a proposed energy- efficiency-based association reward function to associate with their base stations in a heterogeneous cellular network consisting of K independent Poisson point processes (PPPs) of base stations (BSs). We first investigate the cell association probability and the statistics of the kth-tier BSs for a universal association reward function and they can be tailored for any cell association schemes that satisfy the constraints on the association reward function. Under the proposed energy-efficient cell association (EECA) scheme, the statistical properties of an associated BS, coverage probability, average energy efficiency and cell load are all derived and analyzed. We show that EECA can achieve a (much) higher coverage probability, average energy efficiency, and better cell load balancing if compared with maximum received power and nearest BS association schemes.
Smoke simulation for large scale phenomena

In this paper, we present an efficient method for simulating highly detailed large scale participating media such as the nuclear explosions shown in figure 1. We capture this phenomena by simulating the motion of particles in a fluid dynamics generated velocity field. A novel aspect of this paper is the creation of highly detailed three-dimensional turbulent velocity fields at interactive rates using a low to moderate amount of memory. The key idea is the combination of two-dimensional high resolution physically based flow fields with a moderate sized three-dimensional Kolmogorov velocity field tiled periodically in space.
CARS2: Learning Context-aware Representations for Context-aware Recommendations

Rich contextual information is typically available in many recommendation domains allowing recommender systems to model the subtle effects of context on preferences. Most contextual models assume that the context shares the same latent space with the users and items. In this work we propose CARS2, a novel approach for learning context-aware representations for context-aware recommendations. We show that the context-aware representations can be learned using an appropriate model that aims to represent the type of interactions between context variables, users and items. We adapt the CARS2 algorithms to explicit feedback data by using a quadratic loss function for rating prediction, and to implicit feedback data by using a pairwise and a listwise ranking loss functions for top-N recommendations. By using stochastic gradient descent for parameter estimation we ensure scalability. Experimental evaluation shows that our CARS2 models achieve competitive recommendation performance, compared to several state-of-the-art approaches.
Learning Our Concepts

Richard Stanley Peters appreciates the centrality of concepts for everyday life, however, he fails to recognize their pedagogical dimension. He distinguishes concepts employed at the first-order (our ordinary language-use) from second-order conceptual clarification (conducted exclusively by academically trained philosophers). This distinction serves to elevate the discipline of philosophy at the expense of our ordinary language-use. I revisit this distinction and argue that our first-order use of concepts encompasses second-order concern. Individuals learn and teach concepts as they use them. Conceptual understanding is an obligation that all individuals, and not just academically trained philosophers, must fulfil. I conclude that the role of philosophy in education is to provide a conversational context for the pedagogical dimension of concepts. I draw upon the philosophies of Cora Diamond, Stephen Mulhall, Iris Murdoch and Rush Rhees.
Nonholonomic mechanics and locomotion: the snakeboard example

Analysis and simulations are performed for a simplified model of a commercially available variant of the skateboard, known as the Snakeboard. Although the model exhibits basic gait patterns seen in a large number of locomotion problems, the analysis tools currently available do not apply to this problem. The difficulty lies primarily in the way in which the nonholonomic constraints enter into the system. As a first step towards understanding systems represented by their model the authors present the equations of motion and perform some controllability analysis for the snakeboard. The authors also perform numerical simulations of possible gait patterns which are characteristic of snakeboard locomotion. <<ETX>>
Extracting Attributes from Deep Web Interface Using Instances

There is myriad high quality information in the Deep Web and the feasible method to access the Deep Web is through the query interface of the Deep Web. It’s necessary to extract abundant attributes and semantic relation description from the query interface. Automatic extracting attributes from the query interface and automatically translating a query is a solvable way for addressing the current limitations in accessing Deep Web data sources. We design a framework to automatically extract the attributes and instances from the query interface using the WordNet as a kind of ontology technique to enrich the semantic description of the attributes. Each attribute is extended into a candidate attribute set in the form of a hierarchy tree. At the same time, the hierarchy tree generated by ontology describes the semantic relation of the attributes in the same query interface. We carry out our experiments in the real-world domain. The results of the experiments showed the validation of query translation framework.
Experimental Study on Polarization Mode Detection Based on Image ofthe Sky

The detection model of sky polarization based on image as a new navigation technology, has a relatively good stability and high research value. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the polarization mode measurement and continuous measurement, it constructs a set device of polarized light detection based on image's real-time synchro- nous acquisition. Besides, it has carried on the preliminary research on sky light polarization mode detection and naviga- tion, according to the detection method and formation mechanism of polarized sky light. It has high research value in the measurement of polarization distribution of the sky.
Antioxidant property of Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in rats during aflatoxicosis

Aflatoxins, a group of closely related, extremely toxic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, can occur as natural contaminants of foods and feeds. Aflatoxins have been shown to be hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to different animal species. Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oil are used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and have antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of these volatile oils to scavenge free radicals generated during aflatoxicosis. Sixty male rats were divided into six treatment groups, including a control group, and the groups were treated for 30 days with Nigella sativa and Syzygium aromaticum oils with or without aflatoxin. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experimental period for haematological and biochemical analysis. The results indicated that exposure to aflatoxins resulted in haematological and biochemical changes typical for aflatoxicosis. Treatment with Nigella sativa and Syzygium aromaticum oil of rats fed an aflatoxin‐contaminated diet resulted in significant protection against aflatoxicosis. Moreover, Nigella sativa oil was found to be more effective than Syzygium aromaticum oil in restoring the parameters that were altered by aflatoxin in rats. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimized output baluns for wideband differential class D PAs

This paper presents wideband baluns optimized for current made class D (CMCD) amplifiers. A tuned harmonic impedance space for the CMCD power amplifier (PA) can be defined for a maximum percent bandwidth of 100%. The present paper, therefore, examines wideband baluns to attach single-ended loads to the differential class D PA and offers an optimized planar balun with a bandwidth of 141%.