Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DISCHARGE CHARACTERISTICS OF Ti AND FILM PREPARATION USING HYBRID HIGH POWER IMPULSE MAGNETRON SPUTTERING

Hybrid high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) is a new-generation HIPIMS technique with a pulse and dirrect current power supply parallelled connection operation. In this work, the influence of dirrect current from 0 to 4.0 A supplied by the dirrect current power is investigated on hybrid HIPIMS Ti discharge characteristics, plasma parameters (plasma potential, electron temperature and electron density) and Ti film properties in an Ar atmosphere. The results show that target voltage and current are characterized by a peak with variation of time in different dirrect currents. Although the target voltage is barely affected, the target current decreases with increasing the dirrect current during the pulse turn-on stage. The plasma parameters determined by a Langmuir probe have been significantly influenced by the dirrect current. Moreover, the deposition rate and average roughness increase while the hardness and elastic modulus have a slight decrease with the variation of dirrect current from 1.0 to 3.0 A. The samples are selected for comparison with that prepared by conventional direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) at the same average target power 650 and 1500 W. The results demonstrate that Ti films using hybrid HIPIMS have a close deposition rate and a superior quality and performance to those prepared using DCMS especially at the low target power 650 W when the direct current is 1.0 A.
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Disease Translocations involving 2p23 are found in more tha n half cases of anaplasic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a high grade non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). They involve ALK, and are therefore called ALK+ ALCL. The most frequent ALK+ ALCL being the the t(2;5)(p23;q35) with NPM1 -ALK fusion protein, which localises both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. The inv(2)(p23q35) is very rare. , and, like other t(2;Var) involving various partners and ALK, the fusion protein has a cytoplasmic localization; they are therefore called "cytoplasm only" ALK+ ALCL.
A method to calculate the parameters of non-linear ESPVR in the ventricles I

— In this study (part I) a formula previously derived by using large elastic deformation to describe the relation between pressure and volume in the ventricles is used to calculate the slope of non-linear end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR), its volume axis intercept V om as well as the peak isovolumic pressure P isom when the myocardium reaches its maximum state of activation near end-systole. A review of some properties of linear ESPVR is first given in a way to stress an important feature of the mathematical approach used, which is the inclusion of the active pressure (or isovolumic pressure P iso) in the formalism describing the pressure volume relation (PVR) in the ventricles. New parameters of clinical interest are derived from the non-linear ESPVR that can be calculated in a non-invasive way.
Performance of (U,Zr)C-graphite (composite) and of (U,Zr)C (carbide) fuel elements in the Nuclear Furnace 1 test reactor

The properties of and reactor test results for two types of nuclear- propulsion-reactor fuel elements containing uraniumzirconium carbide, (U,Zr)C, are reported. Composite fuel elements containing graphite and ~35 vol% carbide, along with fuel elements consisting only of carbide, were tested in Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory's Nuclear Furnace 1 reactor for l09 min at peak power densities of ~4500 MW/m/sup 3/ and temperature up to 2500 deg K. Fission-fragment damage to the graphite phase of the composite fuel elements increased the roomtemperature thermal resistivity of the matrix ninefold, resulting in unexpected high mass losses of carbon. The carbide elements developed both longitudinal and transverse fractures but did not fragment into small-size particles. (auth)
Why Isolate Lipids from Biological Samples ? Making Lipidomics by Mass Spectrometry the Standard

The metabolome is an important class of molecules to study as it can lend insight into the health and well-being of an organism and the causative elements associated with disease. It integrates the effects of our genes with the impact of our environment by being the product of both internal factors (our genome and proteome) and external factors (our lifestyle and our environment). In addition, the metabolome is extremely dynamic and always changing. By identifying and quantifying changes in specific metabolites, any changes that are observed can be mapped back to specific pathways for detailed interpretation. Thus, quantitative analysis of the metabolome can provide important information that can help predict the onset of a disease or disorder or characterise its progression.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Fish Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare Genomovar III Strain PH-97028 (=CIP 109753)

ABSTRACT Flavobacterium columnare strain PH-97028 (=CIP 109753) is a genomovar III reference strain that was isolated from a diseased Ayu fish in Japan. We report here the analysis of the first available genomovar III sequence of this species to aid in identification, epidemiological tracking, and virulence studies.
An Assessment of Thermal Insulation Materials for Building Applications

A comprehensive assessment has been made of thermal insulation materials currently available for use in the building envelope. Information was obtained from four major sources: 1. manufacturers' literature, 2. open literature, 3. results of questionnaires, and 4. knowledgable experts in the field. Information on a particular generic material or product was reviewed in relation to the major factors that influence thermal and physical performance, fire characteristics, and chemical properties. Areas in which insufficient information is available are identified. The assessed information is reported as a series of data sheets such that the reported values for generic materials are consistent with present basic principles and this can be accepted as a reliable guide for current use. The assessment provides an authoritative collection of state-of-the-art information for government policymakers, regulatory bodies, manufacturers, installers, users, and consumers. Recommendations are made for further work on the development of properties of thermal insulation materials and on test methods for determining these properties.
Predicting Individual Characteristics from Digital Traces on Social Media: A Meta-Analysis

The increasing utilization of social media provides a vast and new source of user-generated ecological data (digital traces), which can be automatically collected for research purposes. The availability of these data sets, combined with the convergence between social and computer sciences, has led researchers to develop automated methods to extract digital traces from social media and use them to predict individual psychological characteristics and behaviors. In this article, we reviewed the literature on this topic and conducted a series of meta-analyses to determine the strength of associations between digital traces and specific individual characteristics; personality, psychological well-being, and intelligence. Potential moderator effects were analyzed with respect to type of social media platform, type of digital traces examined, and study quality. Our findings indicate that digital traces from social media can be studied to assess and predict theoretically distant psychosocial characteristics with remarkable accuracy. Analysis of moderators indicated that the collection of specific types of information (i.e., user demographics), and the inclusion of different types of digital traces, could help improve the accuracy of predictions.
High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in Chile: a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Andes virus (ANDV)-related hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) has a 35% case fatality rate in Chile and no specific treatment. In an immunomodulatory approach, we evaluated the efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone for HCPS treatment, through a parallel-group, placebo-controlled clinical trial. METHODS Patients aged >2 years, with confirmed or suspected HCPS in cardiopulmonary stage, admitted to any of 13 study sites in Chile, were randomized by study center in blocks of 4 with a 1:1 allocation and assigned through sequentially numbered envelopes to receive placebo or methylprednisolone 16 mg/kg/day (≤1000 mg) for 3 days. All personnel remained blinded except the local pharmacist. Infection was confirmed by immunoglobulin M antibodies or ANDV RNA in blood. The composite primary endpoint was death, partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio ≤55, cardiac index ≤2.2, or ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation within 28 days. Safety endpoints included the number of serious adverse events (SAEs) and quantification of viral RNA in blood. Analysis was by intention to treat. RESULTS Infection was confirmed in 60 of 66 (91%) enrollees. Fifteen of 30 placebo-treated patients and 11 of 30 methylprednisolone-treated patients progressed to the primary endpoint (P = .43). We observed no significant difference in mortality between treatment groups (P = .41). There was a trend toward more severe disease in placebo recipients at entry. More subjects in the placebo group experienced SAEs (P = .02). There were no SAEs clearly related to methylprednisolone administration, and methylprednisolone did not increase viral load. CONCLUSIONS Although methylprednisolone appears to be safe, it did not provide significant clinical benefit to patients. Our results do not support the use of methylprednisolone for HCPS. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00128180.
Sensor Placement using Fisher Information Matrix for Robust Finite Element Model Updating

Three methods are presented to reduce the influence of measurement errors in parameter estimation in finite element model updating for structural health monitoring and damage assessment. First, a method using the Fisher information matrix is developed to choose an efficient set of measurement locations. This ensures efficient setup of a non-destructive test for finite element model updating for a given set of unknown parameters. Second, a normalization scheme is presented that, generally speaking, weighs data in a manner that varies inversely to the level of measurement error. This normalization results in a final estimate that is very close to the maximum likelihood estimator of the unknown parameters. Finally, the Fisher information matrix and its inverse, the CramerRao lower bound covariance matrix, are used to quantify the uncertainty in the final estimates. Numerical examples showed the proposed methods are effective in improving observability and accuracy of parameter estimates in finite element model updating. Minimizing the effect of measurement errors and their propagation in parameter estimates can greatly improve the finite element model updating for structural health monitoring.
Community health workers can improve male involvement in maternal health: evidence from rural Tanzania

Background Male involvement in maternal health is recommended as one of the interventions to improve maternal and newborn health. There have been challenges in realising this action, partly due to the position of men in society and partly due to health system challenges in accommodating men. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of Home Based Life Saving Skills training by community health workers on improving male involvement in maternal health in terms of knowledge of danger signs, joint decision-making, birth preparedness, and escorting wives to antenatal and delivery care in a rural community in Tanzania. Design A community-based intervention consisting of educating the community in Home Based Life Saving Skills by community health workers was implemented using one district as the intervention district and another as comparison district. A pre-/post-intervention using quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of Home Based Life Saving Skills training on male involvement and place of delivery for their partners. The effect of the intervention was determined using difference in differences analysis between the intervention and comparison data at baseline and end line. Results The results show there was improvement in male involvement (39.2% vs. 80.9%) with a net intervention effect of 41.1% (confidence interval [CI]: 28.5–53.8; p <0.0001). There was improvement in the knowledge of danger signs during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum periods. The proportion of men accompanying their wives to antenatal and delivery also improved. Shared decision-making for place of delivery improved markedly (46.8% vs. 86.7%), showing a net effect of 38.5% (CI: 28.0–49.1; p <0.0001). Although facility delivery for spouses of the participants improved in the intervention district, this did not show statistical significance when compared to the comparison district with a net intervention effect of 12.2% (95% CI: −2.8–27.1: p=0.103). Conclusion This community-based intervention employing community health workers to educate the community in the Home Based Life Saving Skills programme is both feasible and effective in improving male involvement in maternal healthcare.
Automatically reducing tree-structured test inputs

Reducing the test input given to a program while preserving some property of interest is important, e.g., to localize faults or to reduce test suites. The well-known delta debugging algorithm and its derivatives automate this task by repeatedly reducing a given input. Unfortunately, these approaches are limited to blindly removing parts of the input and cannot reduce the input by restructuring it. This paper presents the Generalized Tree Reduction (GTR) algorithm, an effective and efficient technique to reduce arbitrary test inputs that can be represented as a tree, such as program code, PDF files, and XML documents. The algorithm combines tree transformations with delta debugging and a greedy backtracking algorithm. To reduce the size of the considered search space, the approach automatically specializes the tree transformations applied by the algorithm based on examples of input trees. We evaluate GTR by reducing Python files that cause interpreter crashes, JavaScript files that cause browser inconsistencies, PDF documents with malicious content, and XML files used to tests an XML validator. The GTR algorithm reduces the trees of these files to 45.3%, 3.6%, 44.2%, and 1.3% of the original size, respectively, outperforming both delta debugging and another state-of-the-art algorithm.
Summer Peaks in Uptake of Human Papillomavirus and Other Adolescent Vaccines in the United States

Background: Seasonality in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination could have a large impact on national cancer prevention efforts. We hypothesized that uptake of HPV vaccine and other adolescent vaccines in the United States would be highest in the summer. Methods: Data came from health care provider–verified vaccination records for 70,144 adolescents (ages 13–17 years) from the 2008 to 2012 versions of the National Immunization Survey-Teen. Using the Edwards method for testing annual trends, we examined seasonal patterns in the uptake of HPV and other recommended adolescent vaccines [tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) booster and meningococcal vaccine]. HPV vaccine initiation (receipt of the first of the three-dose series) data were for female adolescents. Results: Uptake for HPV and other adolescent vaccines peaked in the summer across years and states (all P < 0.001). Uptake was five times as frequent at the peak as at the trough for HPV vaccine, and HPV vaccine initiation was highest in June, July, and August (percent of doses delivered in these months: 38.7%). The same pattern existed for Tdap booster and meningococcal vaccine. Concomitant (same-day) vaccination of HPV vaccine with other adolescent vaccines also demonstrated summer peaks each year nationally (all P < 0.001). Conclusion: Uptake of adolescent vaccines increased dramatically in summer months. These summer peaks are an important opportunity for interventions focused on concomitant vaccination. Impact: The potential cancer prevention impact of HPV vaccination programs could be increased, for example, by delivering messages about concomitant vaccination during the summer, when adolescents and their parents might be most open to them. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(2); 274–81. ©2015 AACR.
Modelling and Forecasting the Volatility of Thin Emerging Stock Markets: the Case of Bulgaria

Modelling and Forecasting the Volatility of Thin Emerging Stock Markets: the Case of Bulgaria Modern Portfolio Theory associates the stock market risk with the volatility of return. Volatility is measured by the variance of the returns' distribution. However, the investment community does not accept this measure, since it weights equally deviations of the average returns, whereas most investors determine the risk on the basis of small or negative returns. In the last few years the measure Value at Risk (VaR) has been established and adopted widely by practitioners. The issue of modelling and forecasting thin emerging stock markets' risk is still open. The subject of this present paper is the risk of the Bulgarian stock market. The aim of this research is to give the investment community a model for assessing and forecasting the Bulgarian stock market risk. The result of this research shows that the SOFIX index has basic characteristics that are observed in most of the emerging stock markets, namely: high risk, significant autocorrelation, non-normality and volatility clustering. Three models have been applied to assess and estimate the Bulgarian stock market risk: RiskMetrics, EWMA with t-distributed innovations and EWMA with GED distributed innovations. The results revealed that the EWMA with t-distributed innovations and the EWMA with GED distributed innovations evaluate the risk of the Bulgarian stock market adequately. Modelowanie i Prognozowanie Zmienności na Wschodzących Rynkach Giełdowych: Przypadek Bułgarii Przedmiotem artykułu jest modelowanie i prognozowanie wskaźników giełdowych. Szczególna uwaga poświęcona jest analizie ryzyka na bułgarskiej giełdzie papierów wartościowych. Celem tej analizy jest opracowanie wiarygodnego modelu oceny i prognozowania ryzyka na bułgarskiej giełdzie papierów wartościowych. Przeprowadzone analizy wskazują, że indeks giełdowy SOFIX charakteryzuje się typowymi cechami: wysokim ryzykiem autokorelacji i nienormalnym rozczłonkowaniem. W celu oszacowania i oceny ryzyka giełdy w Bułgarii wykorzystano trzy modele: RiskMetrics, EWMA oraz zmodyfikowany model EWMA. Z analiz wynika, że dwa ostatnie modele dosyć dokładnie szacują ryzyko na bułgarskiej giełdzie papierów wartościowych
Compression of biological sequences by greedy off-line textual substitution

We follow one of the simplest possible steepest descent paradigms. This consists of performing repeated stages in each one of which we identify a substring of the current version of the text yielding the maximum compression, and then replace all those occurrences except one with a pair of pointers to the untouched occurrence. This is somewhat dual with respect to the bottom up vocabulary buildup scheme considered by Rubin. This simple scheme already poses some interesting algorithmic problems. In terms of performance, the method does outperform current Lempel-Ziv implementations in most of cases. Here we show that, on biological sequences, it beats all other generic compression methods and approaches the performance of methods specifically built around some peculiar regularities of DNA sequences, such as tandem repeats and palindromes, that are neither distinguished nor treated selectively here. The most interesting performances, however, are obtained in the compression of entire groups of genetic sequences forming families with similar characteristics. This is becoming a standard and useful way to group sequences in a growing number of important specialized databases. On such inputs, the approach presented here yields scores that are not only better than those of any other method, but also improve increasingly with increasing input size. This is to be attributed to a certain ability to capture distant relationships among the sequences in a family.
Management of patients with acute hyperkalemia

A 72-year-old man presents to his family physician for follow-up of hypertension, reporting fatigue and generalized weakness. His medical history also includes peptic ulcer disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. The estimated glomerular filtration rate is 30 mL/min per 1.73 m2
Analysis of fission gas release kinetics by on-line mass spectrometry

The release of fission gas (Xe and Kr) and helium out of nuclear fuel materials in normal operation of a nuclear power reactor can constitute a strong limitation of the fuel lifetime. Moreover, radioactive isotopes of Xe and Kr contribute significantly to the global radiological source term released in the primary coolant circuit in case of accidental situations accompanied by fuel rod loss of integrity. As a consequence, fission gas release investigation is of prime importance for the nuclear fuel cycle economy, and is the driven force of numerous R&D programs. In this domain, for solving current fuel behavior understanding issues, preparing the development of new fuels (e.g. for Gen IV power systems) and for improving the modeling prediction capability, there is a marked need for innovations in the instrumentation field, mainly for: • Quantification of very low fission gas concentrations, released from fuel sample and routed in sweeping lines • Monitoring of quick gas release variations by quantification of elementary release during a short period of time • Detection of a large range of atomic masses (e.g. H2, HT, He, CO, CO2, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe), together with a performing separation of isotopes for Xe and Kr elements • Coupling measurement of stable and radioactive gas isotopes, by using in parallel mass spectrometry and gamma spectrometry techniques. To fulfill these challenging needs, a common strategy for analysis equipment implementation has been set up thanks to a recently launched collaboration between the CEA and the University of Provence, with the technological support of the Liverpool University. It aims at developing a chronological series of mass spectrometer devices based upon mass filter and 2D/3D ion traps with Fourier transform operating mode and having increasing levels of performances to match the previous challenges for out-of pile and in-pile experiments. The final objective is to install a high performance online mass spectrometer coupled to a gamma spectrometer in the fission product laboratory of the future Jules Horowitz Material Test Reactor. An intermediate step will consist of testing first equipment on an existing experimental facility in the LECA-STAR Hot Cell Laboratory of the CEA Cadarache. This paper presents the scientific and operational stakes linked to fission gas issues, resumes the current state of art for analyzing them in nuclear facilities, then presents the skills gathered through this collaboration to overcome technological bottlenecks. Finally it describes the implementation strategy in nuclear research facilities of the CEA Cadarache.