Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temporomandibular joint pressure pain threshold is systemically modulated in rheumatoid arthritis.

AIMS To investigate the relative importance of systemic and local inflammatory mediators (serotonin: 5-HT; tumor necrosis factor: TNF; soluble interleukin-1 receptor II: IL-1sRII) in the modulation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pressure pain threshold in patients with seropositive or seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate to what extent TMJ pressure pain threshold is related to other TMJ pain parameters. METHODS Sixty patients with seropositive RA for rheumatoid factor and 74 patients with seronegative RA involving the TMJ were investigated regarding synovial fluid and plasma levels of IL-1sRII, 5-HT, and TNF as well as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, thrombocyte particle count, and rheumatoid factor in blood. TMJ resting pain, movement pain, tenderness, and palpebral pain reflex to digital palpation and TMJ pressure pain threshold were examined. RESULTS Statistical analyses indicated that TMJ pressure pain threshold was only correlated to systemic factors. TMJ movement pain was in turn mainly correlated to systemic mediators in the seropositive patients but to local mediators in the seronegative patients where synovial fluid IL-1sRII was positively correlated to TMJ pain on mouth opening. Seropositive patients had higher systemic inflammatory activity but lower TMJ movement pain intensities than seronegative patients. CONCLUSION The results indicate that TMJ pressure pain threshold is modulated by systemic rather than local inflammatory mediators and suggest that it is unrelated or only weakly related to other TMJ pain entities in RA patients. A rheumatoid factor-dependent systemic modulation, in combination with local factors, seems to account for TMJ pain in RA patients.
MT-ComparEval: Graphical evaluation interface for Machine Translation development

Abstract The tool described in this article has been designed to help MT developers by implementing a web-based graphical user interface that allows to systematically compare and evaluate various MT engines/experiments using comparative analysis via automatic measures and statistics. The evaluation panel provides graphs, tests for statistical significance and n-gram statistics. We also present a demo server http://wmt.ufal. cz with WMT14 and WMT15 translations.
An application of TOPSIS method for ranking different strategic planning methodology

Article history: Received January 14, 2014 Accepted 10 June 2014 Available online June 12 2014 Strategic planning is one of the most popular methods for setting up long-term objectives, which normally deals with various criteria. The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is a multi-criteria decision analysis method for ranking different alternatives based on various criteria. The method has been widely used among practitioners in different industries. This paper presents an empirical investigation to rank different business development strategies for information technology improvement. The study considers five different strategies including Critical Success Factors Analysis, Business Systems Planning, Porter's forces model, SWOT analysis, Value chain Analysis and MIN and rank them based on TOPSIS technique. The results of the implementation of TOPSIS has indicated that MIN method is ranked first as the most important factor followed by Business Systems Planning, Porter's forces model, Value chain Analysis, SWOT and CSF for development of strategic planning for information technology in municipality organization. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Channel-Activating Protease CAP1/Prss8 Is Required for Placental Labyrinth Maturation

The serine protease CAP1/Prss8 is crucial for skin barrier function, lung alveolar fluid clearance and has been unveiled as diagnostic marker for specific cancer types. Here, we show that a constitutive knockout of CAP1/Prss8 leads to embryonic lethality. These embryos presented no specific defects, but it is during this period, and in particular at E13.5, that wildtype placentas show an increased expression of CAP1/Prss8, thus suggesting a placental defect in the knockout situation. The placentas of knockout embryos exhibited significantly reduced vascular development and incomplete cellular maturation. In contrary, epiblast-specific deletion of CAP1/Prss8 allowed development until birth. These CAP1/Prss8-deficient newborns presented abnormal epidermis, and died soon after birth due to impaired skin function. We thus conclude that a late placental insufficiency might be the primary cause of embryonic lethality in CAP1/Prss8 knockouts. This study highlights a novel and crucial role for CAP1/Prss8 in placental development and function.
Minimalism and French /ʀ/: Phonological representations in phonetically based phonology*

ABSTRACT This paper examines the phonological structure of French rhotics and their treatment in a production grammar. Assuming emergent featural specification, it is argued that the underlying representation of /ʀ/ contains only values for sonorance, continuance and place of articulation. Grammatical analysis is undertaken in an Optimality Theoretic framework, where evaluation highlights the effect of effort reduction and perceptual augmentation on /ʀ/, also demonstrating that more richly specified segments are unaffected by these constraints. The proposal is shown to be compatible with antecedent analyses and data from regional forms and registers.
Antiretroviral therapy adherence and predictors to adherence in Albania: a cross-sectional study.

INTRODUCTION The possibility of an HIV/AIDS epidemic in southeastern Europe (SEE) is not improbable. Thus, an understanding of the current issues surrounding HIV/AIDS care, specifically antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, in countries within SEE is critical. This study was conducted to determine the ART adherence characteristics of Albania's HIV-positive population. METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study reports initial demographic and adherence characteristics of patients receiving HIV/AIDS treatment in Albania. Retrospective review of pharmacy medications dispensed supplemented reported adherence behavior. Further, an adherence index was utilized to explore adherence more thoroughly. RESULTS Patient-reported adherence and pharmacy review showed adherence levels of 98.9±4.4% and 97.7±4.7%, respectively. Assessment by adherence index revealed an index level of 91.7±6.7. Factors associated with a score of < 95 on the adherence index were: being partnered (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.09 - 0.98), history of depression (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08 - 0.76), increased number of barriers to care (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66 - 0.97), and increased number of current social and medical needs (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.58 - 0.91). CONCLUSIONS Interventions aimed at reducing barriers to care, addressing current medical and social needs, and treating mental health issues may help improve adherence to ART in patients with HIV/AIDS in Albania. With little known about HIV/AIDS in SEE, this study provides guidance on how SEE countries can help prevent a possible rise in the prevalence of HIV given the close link of ART adherence and spread of HIV.
Theory‐led confirmation bias and experimental persona

Questionnaire and interview findings from a survey of three Year 8 (ages 12–13 years) science practical lessons (n = 52) demonstrate how pupils' data collection and inference making were sometimes biased by desires to confirm a personal theory. A variety of behaviours are described where learners knowingly rejected anomalies, manipulated apparatus, invented results or carried out other improper operations to either collect data which they believed were scientifically correct, or achieve social conformity. It is proposed that confirmation bias was a consequence of the degree to which individuals were laden by theory, and driven by this, experimenters assumed one of three different personas: becoming right answer confirmers; good scientists; or indifferent spectators. These personas have parallels with historical instances of scientific behaviour. Implications of a continued teacher‐tolerance of pupil confirmation bias include the promotion of unscientific experimenting, and the persistence of unchallenged science misconceptions. Solutions are offered in the way of practical strategies that might reduce experimenters' theory‐ladeness.
Measuring automatic retrieval in a conceptual priming task

The speeded response technique has demonstrated that priming in perceptual memory tasks can occur through automatic retrieval that is uncontaminated by conscious retrieval (pure automatic retrieval). This work assesses whether priming in a conceptual task (category exemplar generation) can occur through pure automatic retrieval using the same technique. Automatic retrieval estimates obtained using the speeded response technique were compared to those obtained using more traditional measures (implicit memory and process dissociation procedure [PDP]). Similar estimates of automatic retrieval were obtained for speeded, implicit, and PDP groups following shallow processing. However, higher estimates of automatic retrieval were obtained following deep processing in the speeded and implicit conditions compared to the PDP condition. Advantages for using the speeded response technique to index automatic memory are discussed.
Are the First American Farmers Getting Younger?

Les resultats de la datation par carbone par le systeme AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) a montre que le mais de la vallee de Tehuacan etait beaucoup plus recent : il ne serait pas âge de 5500 a 7000 ans mais remonterait a 2750 av. J.-C. Ces nouvelles donnees remettent en cause les debuts de l'agriculture du Nouveau-Monde et les modes de vie des habitants de l'epoque
Emotional Taint

Poised within the borderlands between two nations, Border Patrol agents form the largest federal law enforcement organization in the nation, yet the public knows very little about agents themselves. Agents complete a variety of job duties that may be viewed as “dirty work,” or work that society considers physically, socially, or morally objectionable. They also perform emotional duties and emotional labor, which are often stigmatized by the public. This interpretive ethnographic research provides a descriptive portrayal of the Patrol and extends theory in the areas of emotional labor—the emotional performances required to carry out certain jobs—and dirty work. This article asserts that emotion and emotional labor are emotionally tainted, and that engaging emotion provides one strategy for workers to make sense of this type of dirty work. A definition and framework for emotional taint are offered, extending the current discussion of both emotion and taint at work.
Alterations to the Bull Sperm Surface Proteins That Bind Sperm to Oviductal Epithelium1

ABSTRACT Three Binder of SPerm proteins (BSP1, BSP3, BSP5) are secreted by bovine seminal vesicles into seminal plasma and adsorbed onto sperm. When sperm inseminated into the female reach the oviduct, the BSP proteins bind them to its epithelial lining, forming a sperm storage reservoir. Previously, we reported that binding of capacitated sperm to oviductal epithelium in vitro is lower than that of uncapacitated sperm and we proposed that reduced binding was due to loss of BSP proteins during capacitation. Because of differences in amino acid sequences, we predicted that each BSP would respond differently to capacitating conditions. To test whether all three BSP proteins were lost from sperm during capacitation and whether the kinetics of loss differed among the three BSP proteins, ejaculated bull sperm were incubated under various capacitating conditions, and then the amounts of BSP proteins remaining on the sperm were assayed by Western blotting. Capacitation was assayed by analysis of protein tyrosine phosphorylation. While loss of BSP1 was not detected, most of the BSP5 was lost from sperm during incubation in TALP medium, even without addition of the capacitation enhancers heparin and dbcAMP-IBMX. Surprisingly, a smaller molecular mass was detected by anti-BSP3 antibodies in extracts of incubated sperm. Its identity was confirmed as BSP3 by mass spectrometry, indicating that BSP3 undergoes modification on the sperm surface. These changes in the composition of BSP proteins on sperm could play a role in releasing sperm from the storage reservoir by modifying sperm interactions with the oviductal epithelium.
Protein synthesis and mRNA in isolated growth cones from differentiating SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

The human neuroblastoma cell line, SH‐SY5Y, differentiates into a neuronal, sympathetic phenotype in the presence of phorbol ester and serum. Growth cones prepared from differentiating SH‐SY5Y cells have characteristics similar to those of growth cones from embryonic rat brain. In addition, SH‐SY5Y growth cones contain ribosomes. In this study we show, by metabolic labeling of isolated growth cones, that local protein syntheisis occurred in these structures. The pattern of labeled proteins was very similar to that of the corresponding cell body fraction. RNA was shown to be transported to the growth cone compartment, and by in situ hybridization. β‐actin mRNA could be visualized in intact neuritic growth cones. Comparison by Northern blot hybridizations of RNA prepared from growth cones and cell bodies, respectively, showed that mRNAs coding for growth‐associated protein 43, microtubule‐associated protein 2, actin, neuropeptide tyrosine, and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase were present in both fractions. In contrast, mRNAs coding for the nuclear proteins c‐jun and N‐myc were virtually absent in the growth cone, but readily detectable in the cell body preparation. The selective distribution of mRNAs to the growth cones was not restricted to stable, abundant mRNA species, since mRNA coding for the insulin‐like growth factor I receptor was stable, but not present in growth cones. Thus, differentiating SH‐SY5Y cells can sort and transport RNA to the growth cone compartment, suggesting that this system of clonal cells could be useful to unravel mechanisms involved in the compartmentalization of mRNA. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Translating jokes and puns

Abstract If a joke is not translated as a joke, the translation is bad. This article asserts that almost all verbally expressed humour is translatable, given appropriate strategies and reasonable criteria for success. It focuses on two problem areas, language-specific jokes (in particular puns) and culture-specific jokes, distinguishing these from more manageable kinds of humour. A brief survey of research on puns is given, followed by practical advice to increase the translator's responses to wordplay, and a systematic way to proceed instead of just waiting for inspiration. Translators of humour (like writers of humour) have a licence to use language creatively, and this enlarges the options for handling outrageous jokes. There follows a shorter discussion of culture-specific jokes and how they differ from ‘universal humour’. Some light must be shed on obscurity, yet obviousness is a killer of humour. Suggestions are made about how to bridge cultural gaps without killing the joke, and also about the cultural problem of obscenity. The article ends with a list of eight strategies available to any translator faced with a joke and keen to rise to the challenge.
Discriminant auto encoders for face recognition with expression and pose variations

The key challenge of face recognition is to develop effective feature representations for reducing intra-personal variations while enlarging inter-personal differences. This paper presents a novel non-linear discriminant error criterion which can be used in effective feature learning from raw pixels. Unlike many existing methods which assume the problem to be linear in nature, the proposed method utilizes a novel deep learning (DL) framework which makes no prior assumptions thus exploiting the full potential of learning a highly non-linear transformation. High level representations learnt via the proposed model are highly supervised and can help to boost the performance of subsequent classifiers such as LDA. This study clearly shows the value of using non-linear discriminant error criterion as a tractable objective to guide the learning of useful high level features in various face related problems. The extracted features are learnt from local face regions and the results of the experiments performed on 3 different face image databases demonstrate the superiority and the generalizability of our method compared to existing work, as well as the applicability of the concept onto many different deep learning models of the same nature.
Non-Invasive Optical Biosensor for Probing Cell Signaling

Cell signaling mediated through a cellular target is encoded by spatial and temporal dynamics of downstream signaling networks. The coupling of temporal dynamics with spatial gradients of signaling activities guides cellular responses upon stimulation. Monitoring the integration of cell signaling in real time, if realized, would provide a new dimension for understanding cell biology and physiology. Optical biosensors including resonant waveguide grating (RWG) biosensor manifest a physiologically relevant and integrated cellular response related to dynamic redistribution of cellular matters, thus providing a non-invasive means for cell signaling study. This paper reviews recent progresses in biosensor instrumentation, and theoretical considerations and potential applications of optical biosensors for whole cell sensing.
Fast and Accurate Performance Analysis of LTE Radio Access Networks

An increasing amount of analytics is performed on data that is procured in a real-time fashion to make real-time decisions. Such tasks include simple reporting on streams to sophisticated model building. However, the practicality of such analyses are impeded in several domains because they are faced with a fundamental trade-off between data collection latency and analysis accuracy. In this paper, we study this trade-off in the context of a specific domain, Cellular Radio Access Networks (RAN). Our choice of this domain is influenced by its commonalities with several other domains that produce real-time data, our access to a large live dataset, and their real-time nature and dimensionality which makes it a natural fit for a popular analysis technique, machine learning (ML). We find that the latency accuracy trade-off can be resolved using two broad, general techniques: intelligent data grouping and task formulations that leverage domain characteristics. Based on this, we present CellScope, a system that addresses this challenge by applying a domain specific formulation and application of Multi-task Learning (MTL) to RAN performance analysis. It achieves this goal using three techniques: feature engineering to transform raw data into effective features, a PCA inspired similarity metric to group data from geographically nearby base stations sharing performance commonalities, and a hybrid online-offline model for efficient model updates. Our evaluation of CellScope shows that its accuracy improvements over direct application of ML range from 2.5x to 4.4x while reducing the model update overhead by up to 4.8x. We have also used CellScope to analyze a live LTE consisting of over 2 million subscribers for a period of over 10 months, where it uncovered several problems and insights, some of them previously unknown.
CD4 results with a bias larger than hundred cells per microliter can have a significant impact on the clinical decision during treatment initiation of HIV patients

CD4 counts are currently used to assess HIV patients for treatment eligibility and to monitor antiretroviral response to treatment. The emerging point‐of‐care devices could fill an important gap in resource‐limited settings. However, the accuracy of CD4‐counting instruments is diverse and data on how CD4 measurement errors have an impact on clinical decisions are lacking.
Control of a six-switch inverter based single-phase grid-connected PV generation system with inverse Park transform PLL

This paper designs and analyzes the switching strategy and control schemes for a six-switch grid inverter based single-phase photovoltaic (PV) power generation system. Such six-switch PV grid inverter not only offers good grid current performance, but also enables low leaking current for the transformerless grid-connected PV system. With the inverse Park transform based PLL technique, the proposed control scheme in this paper can adapt the change in grid voltage and frequency effectively. Meanwhile, the PV power generation system can switch between the single-stage operation and the two-stage operation modes by controlling the boost converter, which links the PV modules and the grid inverter. The experiments on a 1.5kW laboratory setup have verified the good system performance in the steady-state operation, the starting process, the PV curve change, the operating mode switching, and the grid frequency adaptation.
Expression in Spiroplasma citri of an epitope carried on the G fragment of the cytadhesin P1 gene from Mycoplasma pneumoniae

We have previously described the use of the replicative form (RF) of Spiroplasma citri virus SpV1 as a vector for cloning and expressing foreign genes in S. citri, an organism which reads UGA as a tryptophan codon (C. Stamburski, J. Renaudin, and J.M. Bové, J. Bacteriol. 173:2225-2230, 1991). We now report cloning and expression in S. citri of the G fragment of cytadhesin P1 gene from Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The G fragment was inserted in the SpV1 RF downstream of a synthetic ribosome binding site and introduced into S. citri by electroporation. Northern (RNA) blot analyses showed that in S. citri, the G fragment was transcribed from an SpV1 RF promoter as a 1.2-kb mRNA. The translation product was detected by Western blotting (immunoblotting) with a rabbit antiserum raised against total proteins from M. pneumoniae (strain FH) and was proved to be P1 specific by using monoclonal antibodies specific for the G region of the P1 protein. The apparent molecular mass of the polypeptide (24.5 kDa) indicates that in S. citri, the G fragment was fully translated in spite of the seven UGA codons present in the reading frame.
Fast and Robust Face Detection Using Evolutionary Pruning

Face detection task can be considered as a classifier training problem. Finding the parameters of the classifier model by using training data is a complex process. To solve such a complex problem, evolutionary algorithms can be employed in cascade structure of classifiers. This paper proposes evolutionary pruning to reduce the number of weak classifiers in AdaBoost-based cascade detector, while maintaining the detection accuracy. The computation time is proportional to the number of weak classifiers and, therefore, a reduction in the number of weak classifiers results in an increased detection speed. Three kinds of cascade structures are compared by the number of weak classifiers. The efficiency in computation time of the proposed cascade structure is shown experimentally. It is also compared with the state-of-the-art face detectors, and the results show that the proposed method outperforms the previous studies. A multiview face detector is constructed by incorporating the three face detectors: frontal, left profile, and right profile.