Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Third Personal Pronoun Anaphora Resolution in Texts from Narrow Subject Domains with Grammatical Errors and Mistypings

The third personal pronoun anaphora resolution in texts from the Internet sources (forum comments, opinions) with a given subject domain (cars, household appliances etc) is being discussed. A concrete solution to the task is offered. High precision with acceptable recall (and vice versa) is shown by an example of opinions about mobile phones.
Pomsets for message sequence charts

Message sequence charts (MSCs) are a standardised formalismfor the specification of the system’s communication behaviour that is widely used by industry. Various extensions to MSCs have recently been standardised by the ITU. This paper treats the extension of MSCs with structural operators that allow the hierarchical composition of MSCs. In particular, we propose a linear-time partial-order semantics for this extension that is based on the notion of partial-order multi-sets (pomsets, for short). We provide a compositional denotational semantics for hierarchical MSCs and show that well-known operations on pomsets correspond to the new composition operators in MSCs. The main benefit of our approach is that the semantics is conceptually rather straightforward, as opposed to the operational semantics for MSCs that is currently in the process of standardisation.
Efficient construction of reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo proposal distributions

Summary. The major implementational problem for reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo methods is that there is commonly no natural way to choose jump proposals since there is no Euclidean structure in the parameter space to guide our choice. We consider mechanisms for guiding the choice of proposal. The first group of methods is based on an analysis of acceptance probabilities for jumps. Essentially, these methods involve a Taylor series expansion of the acceptance probability around certain canonical jumps and turn out to have close connections to Langevin algorithms. The second group of methods generalizes the reversible jump algorithm by using the so‐called saturated space approach. These allow the chain to retain some degree of memory so that, when proposing to move from a smaller to a larger model, information is borrowed from the last time that the reverse move was performed. The main motivation for this paper is that, in complex problems, the probability that the Markov chain moves between such spaces may be prohibitively small, as the probability mass can be very thinly spread across the space. Therefore, finding reasonable jump proposals becomes extremely important. We illustrate the procedure by using several examples of reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo applications including the analysis of autoregressive time series, graphical Gaussian modelling and mixture modelling.
Understanding IP address multiplexing with large-scale SSL/TLS flow analysis

To better understand the Internet infrastructure services is crucial to the design, operation, and management of Internet applications. The lack of better understanding of the actual usage of allocated IP addresses is among many such challenges, due to the wide deployment of IP address multiplexing techniques, such as NAT. To address this issue, we propose a novel analysis approach based on large-scale SSL/TLS flow records of Apple and Amazon services in this paper. This method characterizes the behaviors of different types of multiplexing by three steps: grouping, dividing, and profiling. Our preliminary analysis shows several promising findings, e.g., encrypted data flows still reveals the valuable application behaviors; the multiplexing behaviors of mobile or wired Internet are quite different.
Understanding and preventing wrong-patient electronic orders: a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE To evaluate systems for estimating and preventing wrong-patient electronic orders in computerized physician order entry systems with a two-phase study. MATERIALS AND METHODS In phase 1, from May to August 2010, the effectiveness of a 'retract-and-reorder' measurement tool was assessed that identified orders placed on a patient, promptly retracted, and then reordered by the same provider on a different patient as a marker for wrong-patient electronic orders. This tool was then used to estimate the frequency of wrong-patient electronic orders in four hospitals in 2009. In phase 2, from December 2010 to June 2011, a three-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two distinct interventions aimed at preventing these errors by reverifying patient identification: an 'ID-verify alert', and an 'ID-reentry function'. RESULTS The retract-and-reorder measurement tool effectively identified 170 of 223 events as wrong-patient electronic orders, resulting in a positive predictive value of 76.2% (95% CI 70.6% to 81.9%). Using this tool it was estimated that 5246 electronic orders were placed on wrong patients in 2009. In phase 2, 901 776 ordering sessions among 4028 providers were examined. Compared with control, the ID-verify alert reduced the odds of a retract-and-reorder event (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.98), but the ID-reentry function reduced the odds by a larger magnitude (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.71). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Wrong-patient electronic orders occur frequently with computerized provider order entry systems, and electronic interventions can reduce the risk of these errors occurring.
Intrusion detection in sensor networks: a non-cooperative game approach

Insufficiency of memory and battery power of sensors makes the security of sensor networks a hard task to do. This insufficiency also makes applying the existing methods of securing other type of networks on the sensor networks unsuitable. We propose a game theoretic framework for defensing nodes in a sensor network. We apply three different schemes for defense. Our main concern in all three schemes is finding the most vulnerable node in a sensor network and protecting it. In the first scheme we formulate attack-defense problem as a two-player, nonzero-sum, non-cooperative game between an attacker and a sensor network. We show that this game achieves Nash equilibrium and thus leading to a defense strategy for the network. In the second scheme we use Markov decision process to predict the most vulnerable sensor node. In the third scheme we use an intuitive metric (node's traffic) and protect the node with the highest value of this metric. We evaluate the performance of each of these three schemes, and show that the proposed game framework significantly increases the chance of success in defense strategy for sensor network.
On the evaluation of make-before-break handovers in urban WiFi networks for moving vehicles

Due to the increasing deployment of city-wide IEEE 802.11 networks for nomadic Internet access, there is a great potential for users wanting to access the network while being on the move. However, due to the limited coverage range of single access points in these networks, handovers between them need to be carefully managed. This issue becomes critical if we consider vehicular users, where the high speed and mobility pattern greatly affect the connectivity performance. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of different handover approaches in a real commercial deployment under vehicular mobility constraints. In particular, we consider using a second wireless interface in order to achieve make-before-break handovers. Additionally, we identify some open issues that constrain IEEE 802.11 commercial deployments in providing completely seamless connectivity for moving vehicles.
An evidential fusion architecture for advanced driver assistance

In this paper, we deal with an original advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) based on the use of omnidirectional vision and an evidential fusion architecture. The panoramic perception solution permits us to address efficiently the problem of close vehicles detection but also the monitoring side traffic system. The fusion and integration of this sensorial data stream is assumed by a credibilist architecture based on the transferable belief model (TBM) of SMETS. This paradigm permits the filtering of false alarms efficiently by an optimal management of the uncertainties estimation.
Formation and destruction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon clusters in the interstellar medium

Aims. The competition between the formation and destruction of coronene clusters under interstellar conditions is investigated theoretically. Methods. The unimolecular nucleation of neutra! clusters is simulated with an atomic model combining an explicit classical force field and a quantum tight-binding approach. Evaporation rates are calculated in the framework of the phase space theory and are inserted in an infrared emission model and compared with the growth rate constants. Results. It is found that, in interstellar conditions, most collisions lead to cluster growth. The time evolution of small clusters (containing up to 312 carbon atoms) was specifically investigated under the physical conditions of the northern photodissociation region of NGC 7023. These clusters are found to be thermally photoevaporated much faster than they are reformed, thus providing an interpretation for the lowest limit of the interstellar cluster size distribution inferred from observations. The effects of ionizing the clusters and density heterogeneities are also considered. Based on our results, the possibility that PAH clusters could be formed in PDRs is critically discussed.
Modified distributed mediation device for low power consumption in large scale sensor networks

This paper proposes a new medium-access control (MAC) protocol designed for wireless sensor networks. A wireless sensor network is an array of large number of sensors interconnected by a multi-hop ad-hoc network. The fundamental objective for sensor network is low-power consumption while latency is usually less important. This characteristic of sensor network motivates different MAC layer design from the conventional wireless network to reduce power consumption. In this paper novel algorithm based on distributed mediation device (DMD) protocol has been introduced that utilized distributed node scheduling strategy to dramatically increase energy saving principally in intermediate devices within a multi-hop communication. The simulation results have shown noticeable power consumption improvement compared with Sensor MAC (S-MAC) and 802.11-like protocols especially in the large scales achieved in trade of more latency in the network.
Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Poststroke Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Background. Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause significant patient and caregiver morbidity in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Objectives. To study and compare the occurrence and severity of BPSD between multi-infarct dementia (MID), subcortical ischaemic vascular disease (SIVD), and strategic infarct subtypes of poststroke VCI and to evaluate the relationship of these symptoms with the severity of cognitive impairment. Methods. Sixty patients with poststroke VCI were classified into MID, SIVD, and strategic infarct subtypes. BPSD were studied by the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI). The severity of cognitive impairment was evaluated by the clinical dementia rating scale (CDR). Results. 95% of cases had at least one neuropsychiatric symptom, with depression being the commonest, irrespective of subtype or severity of VCI. Strategic infarct patients had the lowest frequency of all symptoms. SIVD showed a higher frequency and severity of apathy and higher total NPI scores, compared to MID. Apathy and appetite disturbances occurred more commonly with increasing CDR scores. The total NPI score correlated positively with the CDR score. Conclusion. Depression was the commonest neuropsychiatric symptom in VCI. The neuropsychiatric profiles of MID and SIVD were similar. The frequency and severity of apathy and the net burden of BPSD increased with increasing cognitive impairment.
Edge detection of SAR images using incorporate shift-invariant DWT and binarization method

In this paper, a fast unsupervised noise-robustness edge detection method in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is presented. Within this method the whole edge detection process is divided into two simple tasks. Firstly, the input image is decomposed with shift-invariant discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and edge enhancement is done by the information of the subbands of the SAR images. Secondly, a fast unsupervised hybrid method of the binarization and edge detection is used for SAR images edge detection. This method incorporates speckle reduction and edge detection as a single process so that complex operations are avoided. Compared to the denoising first and then edge detection method, simulations show the proposed method achieves better performance and has low computations.
Selective Endothelial Overexpression of Arginase II Induces Endothelial Dysfunction and Hypertension and Enhances Atherosclerosis in Mice

Background Cardiovascular disorders associated with endothelial dysfunction, such as atherosclerosis, have decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Arginase in the vasculature can compete with eNOS for L-arginine and has been implicated in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endothelial-specific elevation of arginase II expression on endothelial function and the development of atherosclerosis. Methodology/Principal Findings Transgenic mice on a C57BL/6 background with endothelial-specific overexpression of human arginase II (hArgII) gene under the control of the Tie2 promoter were produced. The hArgII mice had elevated tissue arginase activity except in liver and in resident peritoneal macrophages, confirming endothelial specificity of the transgene. Using small-vessel myography, aorta from these mice exhibited endothelial dysfunction when compared to their non-transgenic littermate controls. The blood pressure of the hArgII mice was 17% higher than their littermate controls and, when crossed with apoE −/− mice, hArgII mice had increased aortic atherosclerotic lesions. Conclusion We conclude that overexpression of arginase II in the endothelium is detrimental to the cardiovascular system.
Topics in Graph Construction for Semi-Supervised Learning

Graph-based Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) methods have had empirical success in a variety of domains, ranging from natural language processing to bioinformatics. Such methods consist of two phases. In the first phase, a graph is constructed from the available data; in the second phase labels are inferred for unlabeled nodes in the constructed graph. While many algorithms have been developed for label inference, thus far little attention has been paid to the crucial graph construction phase and only recently has the importance of the graph construction for the resulting success in label inference been recognized. In this report, we shall review some of the recently proposed graph construction methods for graph-based SSL. We shall also present suggestions for future research in this area. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-09-13. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_reports/936 Topics in Graph Construction for Semi-Supervised Learning Partha Pratim Talukdar University of Pennsylvania partha@cis.upenn. edu
Differentiation expression during proliferative activity induced through different pathways: in situ hybridization study of thyroglobulin gene expression in thyroid epithelial cells

In canine thyrocytes in primary culture, our previous studies have identified three mitogenic agents and pathways: thyrotropin (TSH) acting through cyclic AMP (cAMP), EGF and its receptor tyrosine protein kinase, and the phorbol esters that stimulate protein kinase C. TSH enhances, while EGF and phorbol esters inhibit, the expression of differentiation. Given that growth and differentiation expression are often considered as mutually exclusive activities of the cells, it was conceivable that the differentiating action of TSH was restricted to noncycling (Go) cells, while the inhibition of the differentiation expression by EGF and phorbol esters only concerned proliferating cells. Therefore, the capacity to express the thyroglobulin (Tg) gene, the most prominent marker of differentiation in thyrocytes, was studied in proliferative cells (with insulin) and in quiescent cells (without insulin). Using cRNA in situ hybridization, we observed that TSH (and, to a lesser extent, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I) restored or maintained the expression of the Tg gene. Without these hormones, the Tg mRNA content became undetectable in most of the cells. EGF and 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibited the Tg mRNA accumulation induced by TSH (and/or insulin). Most of the cells (up to 90%) responded to both TSH and EGF. Nevertheless, the range of individual response was quite variable. The effects of TSH and EGF on differentiation expression were not dependent on insulin and can therefore be dissociated from their mitogenic effects. Cell cycling did not affect the induction of Tg gene. Indeed, the same cell distribution of Tg mRNA content was observed in quiescent cells stimulated by TSH alone, or in cells approximately 50% of which had performed one mitotic cycle in response to TSH + insulin. Moreover, after proliferation in "dedifferentiating" conditions (EGF + serum + insulin), thyrocytes had acquired a fusiform fibroblast-like morphology, and responded to TSH by regaining a characteristic epithelial shape and high Tg mRNA content. 32 h after the replacement of EGF by TSH, cells in mitosis presented the same distribution of the Tg mRNA content as the rest of the cell population. This implies that cell cycling (at least 27 h, as previously shown) did not affect the induction of the Tg gene which is clearly detectable after a time lag of at least 24 h. The data unequivocally show that the reexpression of differentiation and proliferative activity are separate but fully compatible processes when induced by cAMP in thyrocytes. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Slicing home networks

Despite the popularity of home networks, they face a number of systemic problems: (i)Broadband networks are expensive to deploy; and it is not clear how the cost can be shared by several service providers; (ii) Home networks are getting harder to manage as we connect more devices, use new applications, and rely on them for entertainment, communication and work|it is common for home networks to be poorly managed, insecure or just plain broken; and (iii) It is not clear how home networks will steadily improve, after they have been deployed, to provide steadily better service to home users. In this paper we propose slicing home networks as a way to overcome these problems. As a mechanism, slicing allows multiple service providers to share a common infrastructure; and supports many policies and business models for cost sharing. We propose four requirements for slicing home networks: bandwidth and traffic isolation between slices, independent control of each slice, and the ability to modify and improve the behavior of a slice. We explore how these requirements allow cost-sharing, outsourced management of home networks, and the ability to customize a slice to provide higher-quality service. Finally, we describe an initial prototype that we are deploying in homes.
CaPSuLe: A camera-based positioning system using learning

We show the first camera based (privacy-preserving) indoor mobile positioning system, CaPSuLe, which does not involve any communication (or data transfer) with any other device or the cloud. The algorithm only needs 78.9MB of memory and can localize a mobile device with 92.11% accuracy. Furthermore this is done in 1.92 seconds of on-device computation consuming 3.77 Joules of energy, as evaluated on Samsung Galaxy S4 platform. At the core, our solutions uses a hashing-based image matching algorithm which is more than 500× cheaper, both in energy and computation cost, over existing state-of-the-art matching techniques. This significant reduction allows us to perform end-to-end computation locally on the mobile device. In contrast traditional approaches would consume 2100 Joules and takes more than 1000 seconds with a small accuracy increase of 0.89%. The ability to run the complete algorithm on the mobile device eliminates the need for the cloud, making CaPSuLe a privacy-preserving localization algorithm by design as it does not require any communication.
alpha-Actinin localization in the junctional complex of intestinal epithelial cells

We have used antibody to chicken gizzard alpha-actinin to identify and localize this molecule in chicken intestinal epithelium. The antibody binds only to alpha-actinin when tested against a crude extract of chicken gizzard. Extracts of purified epithelial cells contain a molecule which has a subunit molecular weight of 100,000 on sodium dodecyl sulphate gels and which is able to inhibit the interaction of alpha-actinin antibody and 125I-labeled chicken gizzard alpha-actinin. By indirect immunofluorescence, alpha-actinin is localized in the apical portion of chicken intestinal epithelial cells. Ethanol-fixed cryostat sections of intestine taken through the apical portion of the epithelial cells and in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the cells show that alpha-actinin is organized in a polygonal pattern which corresponds to the outlines of the polygonally packed epithelial cells. We interpret the data as indicating that alpha-actinin is a component of the tight junction (zonula occludens) and/or the belt desmosome (zonula adherens), both of which are membrane structures known to encircle the cell and to be confined to its apical portion.
Measuring instrument for compensated hole of hydraulic brake master cylinder based on machine vision

Measuring instrument for compensated hole of hydraulic brake master cylinder is mainly used to measure the position, the dimension and the shape of the compensated hole and at the same time to measure the machining and foundry quality by the images for inner surface of brake master cylinder. It adopts the CCD image acquisition and image processing technology, precision machinery technology and computer real-time control technology to finish the measurement. The measuring principle and method, the function and advantage and the overall structure of the instrument are described in this paper. The design of the optical imaging system and the design of the mechanical system, as well as the image processing procedure have been introduced in detail. The experiment results indicate that, the measuring instrument has met the measuring function and accuracy demands of the compensated hole.