Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supporting Sustainable Maintenance of Substations under Cyber-Threats: An Evaluation Method of Cybersecurity Risk for Power CPS

In the increasingly complex cyber-environment, appropriate sustainable maintenance of substation auto systems (SASs) can lead to many positive effects on power cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Evaluating the cybersecurity risk of power CPSs is the first step in creating sustainable maintenance plans for SASs. In this paper, a mathematical framework for evaluating the cybersecurity risk of a power CPS is proposed considering both the probability of successful cyberattacks on SASs and their consequences for the power system. First, the cyberattacks and their countermeasures are introduced, and the probability of successful cyber-intruding on SASs is modeled from the defender’s perspective. Then, a modified hypergraph model of the SAS’s logical structure is established to quantitatively analyze the impacts of cyberattacks on an SAS. The impacts will ultimately act on the physical systems of the power CPS. The modified hypergraph model can describe more information than a graph or hypergraph model and potentially can analyze complex networks like CPSs. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method is verified by the IEEE 14-bus system, and the test results demonstrate that this proposed method is more reasonable to assess the cybersecurity risk of power CPS compared with some other models.
Characterization of hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene dosage alterations in Lynch syndrome patients.

BACKGROUND & AIMS A significant proportion of Lynch syndrome cases are believed to be due to large genomic alterations in the mismatch repair genes hMLH1 and hMSH2. However, previous studies have not adequately identified the frequency and scope of such mutations, and routine clinical Lynch syndrome testing often does not include analysis for these mutations. Our aim was to characterize hMLH1 and hMSH2 genomic rearrangements in a large population of suspected Lynch syndrome patients. METHODS A total of 365 samples from probands referred for genetic testing for Lynch syndrome were analyzed for the presence of large genomic alterations in hMLH1 or hMSH2 by using a combination of techniques. Samples with a deletion in exons 1-6 in hMSH2 were further characterized by polymerase chain reaction to establish the presence of the hMSH2 American founder deletion. RESULTS An hMLH1 or hMSH2 mutation was identified in 153 cases, and, of these, 12 of 67 (17.9%) and 39 of 86 (45.3%) had a large genomic alteration in hMLH1 and hMSH2, respectively. Overall, 6 different hMLH1 and 12 different hMSH2 deletions/duplications, including 10 novel mutations, were identified. Analysis of the hMSH2 exon 1-6 deletion samples showed that 13 of 18 (72.2%) had the American founder deletion. CONCLUSIONS These data show a high frequency and diverse spectrum of large genomic alterations in hMLH1 and hMSH2 in suspected Lynch syndrome patients. Thus, a comprehensive mutation identification strategy that includes the ability to detect large genomic rearrangements is imperative for the clinical genetic identification of Lynch syndrome patients and families.
A Mediation Analysis on Level of Education and Economic Growth

This paper examines the relationship between education and economic growth in Malaysia from 1984 to 2012 which is motivated by the issue of the inefficiency of government’s expenditure on education. Specifically, this paper investigates how education levels affect Malaysia’s economic growth directly and indirectly through mediators such as unemployment, fertility and technology innovation via mediation analysis. The empirical results show that primary and tertiary education affects economic growth positively, while secondary education gives a negative effect. It is also discovered that the impact of all education levels on economic growth via indirect effects is higher than the direct effects. Tertiary education has the largest total effect among the other education levels on economic growth and its indirect effect on economic growth through lowering unemployment and fertility and increasing technology innovation is found to be significant.
Effect of Perilla frutescens Extracts on Porcine Jejunal Epithelial Cells

Green‐leaved Perilla frutescens extracts were investigated on their effect on cell proliferation of the porcine jejunal epithelial cell line, IPEC‐J2, as well as on the gene expression of cell cycle or cancer‐related genes. Some extracted compounds were, however, susceptible to degradation in cell culture medium, whereas others were found to be stable during the entire experimental time. Control experiments also included the assessment of H2O2 generation in cell culture medium caused by oxidation of natural extract compounds, which was proved to be absent at low extract concentrations. A fast and significant inhibition of cell growth at low physiological extract concentrations could be observed. This finding, along with an immediate downregulation of 67 kDa laminin receptor and cyclin D1 expression, can be accounted to the presence of Perilla frutescens extract. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resonance spacecraft antenna calibration: Rheometry and numerical simulations

We report on the calibration effort for the monopole antennas onboard the Resonance spacecraft. The calibration is performed for four boom antennas and four cylindrical sensors at the boom tips. These antennas are devised for the measurement of electrical fields and plasma parameters. We apply two methods for the antenna analysis: first, electrolytic tank measurements (rheometry), which is a method to determine the effective length vectors of electrically short antennas; second, numerical computer simulations which enable us to study also the transition to higher frequencies. The accuracy of the applied methods is about 1 degree for directions of effective axes and some percent for effective lengths and antenna capacitances. It is shown that the electrical representations of the antennas, the effective length vector, differ from their mechanical originals, are shortened and tilted by several degrees of angle. The knowledge of the acquired parameters is of great benefit to the Resonance mission. In particular, goniopolarimetry techniques like polarization analysis and direction finding depend crucially on the effective axes. For the first time this kind of analysis is performed for a spaceborne antenna system consisting of boom monopoles and cylindrical tip antennas.
Detecting Hand Gestures with Wi-Fi Technology: Applications for Received-Signal-Strength Indicators in Interactive Interface Design

In this article, extensive experiments were conducted to investigate how received-signalstrength indicator (RSSI) values in Wi-Fi packets change when different hand gestures are performed. Furthermore, we were able to positively recognize some hand gestures by detecting the changes in RSSI values. In our experiments, a broadband router and wireless adaptor were used as the transmitter and receiver for generating and receiving data packets, respectively. The evaluated hand gestures included horizontal and vertical hand positions, moving the hand away from and toward the receiver, swiping the hand in different directions, a turnkey gesture, a clap, a "come here" gesture, and opening and closing gestures. The results show that there are three hand gestures (clap, vertical hand, and hand toward) that can be recognized with high accuracy. Finally, we implemented an application (a video player) to demonstrate how the change in RSSI values can be used in interactive designs. When a user claps his/her hands, the video player starts the playback. If the user lays his/her hand in front of the receiver, the playback is paused. Moreover, if the user moves his/her hand toward the receiver, then the video player application closes.
Combining Spatial and Social Awareness in D2D Opportunistic Routing

Social-aware algorithms have marked themselves as the most successful strategies for cost-effective content delivery in mobile opportunistic networks. However, these strategies do not consider the importance of users' geographical locations or the spatial properties of human mobility. Given this fact, in this work we propose to combine spatial and social properties to improve the cost effectiveness of content delivery in opportunistic device-to-device networks. We leverage and describe four spatial and social properties and characterize them in a real-world dataset. As a proof of concept of employing those properties, we propose SAMPLER, a forwarding algorithm that combines social awareness, points of interest within a region, and users' individual mobility patterns to cost-effectively deliver messages in opportunistic device-to-device networks. We compare SAMPLER to the state-of-the-art social-aware algorithm Bubble Rap, and with a modified version of Bubble Rap that incorporates static relay nodes. Our experiments, conducted using both real-world (NCCU) and state-of-the-art synthetic (SWIM) traces, confirm that the combination of social and spatial awareness can increase the delivery performance.
Does foreign aid affect government effectiveness? : an empirical analysis

This paper analyses the causal relationship between Official Development Assistance and Government effectiveness for a general sample of 173 countries during the period between 1995 and 2015. Using a System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation, I find that a country’s net official development assistance inflows have a negative significant effect on the effectiveness of its central Government.
Cortical correlates of perceptual decision making during tactile spatial pattern discrimination

Perceptual decision making involves a distributed cortical network including areas related to sensory feature extraction, decision formation, and finally signalling the decision through a motor response. Although these processing steps are supposed to occur in sequence, the seemingly instant mapping of a perceptual decision onto a motor response renders these processes almost indistinguishable. To dissociate cortical areas related to sensory decision making from areas that prepare the subsequent motor response, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging during a tactile spatial pattern discrimination task with interleaved immediate and delayed response conditions. Decision difficulty was manipulated parametrically by adding spatial noise to the tactile patterns, resulting in a rise in decision time with increasing noise. We assumed that areas involved in making the decision should show a variation in their activation with decision time and irrespective of whether (immediate response condition) or not (delayed response condition) a motor response could be prepared in advance. To exhibit these putative decision areas, we used response time, as was obtained in the immediate response condition, as parametric predictor for the difficulty‐dependent variations of blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD)‐activity in both response conditions. BOLD activations in right (contralateral) postcentral sulcus, right intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and bilateral anterior insula (aINS) reflected this parametric modulation in both response conditions, suggesting a role of these areas in tactile decisions independent of decision‐specific motor preparation. Furthermore, a multivariate pattern analysis performed on the BOLD responses in the delayed response condition for a single difficulty level independently validated IPS and aINS as decision‐related areas. Hum Brain Mapp 36:3339–3350, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Women in War and Peace: Karen Women’s Political Participation during and after the Karen–Burma Ceasefire Accords

ABSTRACT This article examines Karen women’s political participation in the Karen National Union (KNU) and in KNU-controlled towns and villages during three phases of the protracted Karen conflict in Burma/Myanmar – the guerrilla activity phase, the civil war phase and the ceasefire phase. It argues that two interrelated institutions – a participatory governance system and a politically autonomous women’s group – affect Karen women’s levels of political participation in their communities. The logic is that as the Karen conflict de-escalated from the civil war phase to the guerrilla activity phase, the KNU’s leadership, in response to deteriorating security conditions and outside pressure, was forced to accept greater civilian participation in governance that opened up the political space for Karen women to become politically active. This de-escalation process also meant that the KNU had fewer resources and lacked the institutional capacity to control the activities of the KNU-affiliated women’s group – the Karen Women’s Organisation. When the conflict de-escalated again after the KNU signed a ceasefire accord with the Burmese government in 2012, the terms of the ceasefire agreement in combination with an influx of non-governmental organisations created new avenues in which Karen women could participate in politics.
A bibliometric analysis of the E-government studies with (UTAUT)

this bibliometric study aims to present most important literature of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) used in the field of electronic government (e-government). This study relied on the Web of Science Database (WoS) which index an elite of publications with ISI standard only. WoS was used to inspect the literature which utilized the UTAUT theory with in the subject of e-government, 41 publications were found and analyzed to extract the bibliometric parameters which are as following; Citation report, Production report and Methodological haracteristics report. The study is to be considered as a milestone within the mention fields, where it provide help and guidance to new scholar, saving their effort and time by summarizing and reporting the most important (Cited) articles, authors, Journals, and countries that are publishing in the field of e-government using UTAUT as a research theory, as well as the most productive authors, Journals, and academic institutions. In addition to an in-depth report for the Methodological characteristics of the studied publications, to identify gaps and recommendations for further studies.
Jeremy Corbyn and the war machine: Assemblage and affect in the 2015 UK Labour Party Leadership Contest

In September 2015, the once obscure left-wing MP for Islington North, Jeremy Corbyn, became the UK Labour Party’s leader following the party’s defeat at the 8 May 2015 General Election. Corbyn came from the position of outsider, going from barely getting a place on the leadership ballot in the first place, to winning an outright majority. In this paper, I argue that Corbyn’s campaign reveals how elections and electoral campaigns are affective events, and highlights an issue with much existing electoral geography literature: elections are seldom written about as social, affective experiences. Through interviews and an ethnographic approach to Facebook, I examine the experiences within the party and on social media during the Labour leadership campaign. I argue that we might understand his campaign’s success better through the Deleuzo-Guattarian concept of the war machine. I conclude by considering the implications and questions that this theory provides for the future of his leadership, as well as the political geography of the state.
A low power 1.2Gbps sync-less integrating PWM receiver

A PWM receiver, without using a PLL or DLL, is proposed in this paper. This receiver does not need any synchronization (sync) bit sequence for locking on to the incoming data rate. No requirement of sync bits increases not only link throughput, but also reduces overall link power by allowing quick burst-sleep-burst transitions. A PWM bit symbol is decoded by time-to-voltage conversions of PWM major and minor durations followed by a comparison between them. Three such decoders are used in a time interleaved fashion to extract three consecutive PWM bits to achieve 1.2Gbps bit rate. Jitter tolerance measurement shows a high frequency jitter tolerance of 0.45UI at 1.2Gbps. This PWM receiver is fabricated in 40nm bulk CMOS process. It consumes 5.5mW and occupies an area of 0.0389mm2.
Islamic legal methodologies and
 Shariah
 screening standards: Application in the Indonesian stock market

This article provides a framework for applying the principles of Islamic legal methodology to determine the optimal Shariah screening standards for Islamic equity markets. It is argued that using maslahah mursalah (unrestricted benefit) is an appropriate method for identifying appropriate financial standards and its principles stipulate that the benchmark that yields the best economic returns to investors should be chosen. The methodological framework is applied to the Indonesia equity market where the economic implications of the Islamic stock screening standards of the Indonesian Islamic Shariah Stock Index and four global indices are assessed. Portfolios are constructed by applying Islamic stock screening standards for each of the indices by using data on 377 stocks listed in the Indonesian stock market for 5 years. The performances measured by the Sharpe ratio, Treynor index, and Jensen alpha reveal that the Dow Jones Islamic Index screening criteria performs the best. Based on the method of maslahah mursalah, the article recommends using the screening standard of this index in the Indonesian stock market to maximize benefits to investors. While the approach used in this article is applied to Islamic equity markets, the methodological framework can also be used for other similar cases in Islamic finance.
Apolipoprotein E Pittsburgh variant is not associated with the risk of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease in a Spanish population

The objective of this study was to assess whether the APOEPittsburgh variant (APOE*4P) is associated to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a population from Madrid (Spain). APOE*4P variant is caused by an exonic mutation which results in the substitution of proline‐28 for leucine‐28, only present in APOE*4 alleles. A study in a US population associated this APOE variant with an increased risk for AD, about five times higher than the risk attributed to APOE*4 carriers overall. One hundred and seventeen cases of late‐onset AD and 121 matched control subjects from Madrid (Spain) were included. We studied the APOE polymorphism and the APOE*4P occurrence, by PCR and restriction analysis, and plasma lipids levels using standard protocols. As expected, APOE*4 was significantly overrepresented in AD cases. The APOE*4P mutation was observed in heterozygous state in four subjects, two AD (1.71%) and two controls (1.65%). APOE*4P did not confer higher risk for AD, globally (odds ratio 0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02–1.12) or respect to APOE*4 carriers (odds ratio 0.14; 95% CI 0.02–1.24). There were no differences in plasma lipids levels among genotype groups. The mutation frequency in controls was higher in our sample than in the US one (1.65 and 0.18%, respectively; Fisher test P = 0.049). Our results suggest that this variant is not so uncommon in our population and is not directly related to AD, contrary to what has been proposed for other populations. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Planning for HIV preexposure prophylaxis introduction: lessons learned from contraception

Purpose of reviewWe summarize key lessons learned from contraceptive development and introduction, and implications for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Recent findingsNew approaches to HIV prevention are urgently needed. PrEP is a new technology for HIV prevention. Uncertainty remains about its acceptance, use and potential to have an impact on the HIV epidemic. Despite imperfect use and implementation of programs, the use of modern contraception has led to significant reproductive health and social gains, making it one of the public health's major achievements. Guided by the WHO strategic approach to contraception introduction, we identified the following lessons for PrEP introduction from contraception: (1) the importance of a broader focus on the method mix rather than promotion of a single technology, (2) new technologies alone do not increase choice – service delivery systems and providers are equally important to success, and (3) that failure to account for user preferences and social context can undermine the potential of new methods to provide benefit. SummaryTaking a strategic approach to PrEP introduction that includes a broader focus on the technology/user interface, the method mix, delivery strategies, and the context in which methods are introduced will benefit HIV prevention programs, and will ensure greater success.
The +TIP coordinating protein EB1 is highly dynamic and diffusive on microtubules, sensitive to GTP analog, ionic strength, and EB1 concentration

Using single‐molecule fluorescence microscopy, we investigated the dynamics of dye‐labeled EB1, a +TIP microtubule binding protein. To promote EB1 binding along the entire microtubule length, we formed microtubules using the nonhydrolyzable GTP analogs GMPCPP and GTPγS. Through precise tracking of the motions of individual dye‐labeled proteins, we found EB1 to be highly dynamic and continuously diffusive while bound to a microtubule, with a diffusion coefficient and characteristic binding lifetime that were sensitive to both the choice of GTP analog and the buffer ionic strength. Using fluorescence‐based equilibrium binding measurements, we found EB1 binding to be cooperative and also sensitive to GTP analog and ionic strength. By tracking the motion of a small number of individually‐labeled EB1 proteins within a bath of unlabeled EB1 proteins, we determined the effects of increasing the total EB1 concentration on binding and dynamics. We found that the diffusion coefficient decreased with increasing EB1 concentration, which may be due at least in part, to the cooperativity of EB1 binding. Our results may have important consequences for the assembly and organization of the growing microtubule plus‐end. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Relative Importance of Web Quality Dimensions

Quality of web sites has major impact on sales and on overall customer satisfaction in business today. Measuring the quality of web site from the users’ perspective, will give a fast and early feedback to the firm and will enable it to take corrective action and improve its operations. This paper reports on a study investigating the ranking given by the users to various factors of web site quality and compares it with their perception of the web quality. Extending the work by Aladwani & Palvia, this study validates and revises their model and contributes to better understanding of web quality dimensions. Study concluded that there are significant differences between the perceptions of consumers who buy products and those buying services in terms of their overall perception of web site quality, convenience/availability and specific content of the web site. Study points out the importance of security, access and personalization factors for online consumers irrespective of the products or services purchased online. Low importance attached to appearance and information quality factors of web sites suggests that they are considered as ‘qualifiers’ by consumers.