Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SCREEN: Stream Data Cleaning under Speed Constraints

Stream data are often dirty, for example, owing to unreliable sensor reading, or erroneous extraction of stock prices. Most stream data cleaning approaches employ a smoothing filter, which may seriously alter the data without preserving the original information. We argue that the cleaning should avoid changing those originally correct/clean data, a.k. a. the minimum change principle in data cleaning. To capture the knowledge about what is clean, we consider the (widely existing) constraints on the speed of data changes, such as fuel consumption per hour, or daily limit of stock prices. Guided by these semantic constraints, in this paper, we propose SCREEN, the first constraint-based approach for cleaning stream data. It is notable that existing data repair techniques clean (a sequence of) data as a whole and fail to support stream computation. To this end, we have to relax the global optimum over the entire sequence to the local optimum in a window. Rather than the commonly observed NP-hardness of general data repairing problems, our major contributions include: (1) polynomial time algorithm for global optimum, (2) linear time algorithm towards local optimum under an efficient Median Principle,(3) support on out-of-order arrivals of data points, and(4) adaptive window size for balancing repair accuracy and efficiency. Experiments on real datasets demonstrate that SCREEN can show significantly higher repair accuracy than the existing approaches such as smoothing.
Heat Rejection Systems Utilizing Composites and Heat Pipes: Design and Performance Testing

Polymer matrix composites offer the promise of reducing the mass and increasing the performance of future heat rejection systems. With lifetimes for heat rejection systems reaching a decade or more in a micrometeoroid environment, use of multiple heat pipes for fault tolerant design is compelling. The combination of polymer matrix composites and heat pipes is of particular interest for heat rejection systems operating on the lunar surface. A technology development effort is under way to study the performance of two radiator demonstration units manufactured with different polymer matrix composite face sheet resin and bonding adhesives, along with different titanium-water heat pipe designs. Common to the two radiator demonstration units is the use of high thermal conductivity fibers in the face sheets and high thermal conductivity graphite saddles within a light weight aluminum honeycomb core. Testing of the radiator demonstration units included thermal vacuum exposure and thermal vacuum exposure with a simulated heat pipe failure. Steady state performance data were obtained at different operating temperatures to identify heat transfer and thermal resistance characteristics. Heat pipe failure was simulated by removing the input power from an individual heat pipe in order to identify the diminished performance characteristics of the entire panel after a micrometeoroid strike. Freeze-thaw performance was also of interest. This paper presents a summary of the two radiator demonstration units manufactured to support this technology development effort along with the thermal performance characteristics obtained to date. Future work will also be discussed.
Virtual 3D Microstructures with Specified Characteristics of State Variable Distributions

For a wide variety of model calculations a hypothetical 3D microstructure is required as input. Although experimental data are frequently used to this purpose, 3D microstructures are difficult to measure experimentally. In order to circumvent these difficulties, a virtual microstructure generator to simulate a specific 3D material microstructure is proposed. Such a virtual microstructure could serve as input for different types of models, would allow a faster model prototyping, would help to explore the boundary conditions of models and reduces the number of unnecessary experimental measurements. In the current paper, the method to generate and to control the grain size distribution as well as texture are discussed.
Detection and identification of flammable and explosive liquids using THz time-domain spectroscopy with principal component analysis algorithm

Nineteen different kinds of liquids were measured with reflection THz-TDS. The liquids were investigated inside an infrared quartz glass cell (IQSC) with a wall thickness of 1.25mm. Then, the results were analyzed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm in time domain. The first principle component contribution a rate of 96.5% to all deviation. Our works show that the flammable and explosive liquids can be identified feasibly by THz-TDS with PCA algorithm.
Model Checking and Delta Debugging for Automated Fault Localization ; A Tutorial

Debugging programs is a complicated and cumbersome task. It is an iterative process which includes hypothesizing the cause of a failure and validating the hypothesis. Since programs comprise of many components with complex interactions this chain often involves several trials. Fault localization (FL) is the task of identifying components that are likely to cause the failure. Automated fault localization techniques aim to accelerate the debugging process by guiding developers to a small portion of the program that is likely to be culpable for the program failures. In essence, they reduce the search space programmers need to inspect manually to locate the fault. There are several different approaches to fault localization. In this paper, we study two approaches: delta debugging, and model checking. Delta debugging framework offers techniques for simplification of test cases and isolation of failure-inducing parts from test cases, which help in debugging and can be adapted for fault localization. Delta debugging requires minimal knowledge about the structure of the program and specification. In this paper, we explain delta debugging algorithms and how it could be adapted for fault localization. Model checking is the problem of checking whether a model (e.g. program) satisfies a property. Model checking needs to know the internal structure of the programs that it works on. Since it can answer different queries about the execution path of the program, it can be employed for fault localization. In this paper, we study a couple of techniques that have been implemented in model checkers for fault localization.
The dynamic response of resistive microswitches: switching time and bouncing

The dynamic response of a cantilever-based microswitch has been analyzed employing a one-degree-of-freedom model, placing particular emphasis on the interaction between the cantilever tip and the substrate which has been modeled introducing a general Lennard–Jones force. Five dimensionless key parameters have been identified, the most important being A1—the ratio of the electrostatic actuation force versus the elastic restoring force—and Q—the quality factor which is inversely proportional to the damping coefficient of the system. From dynamic analysis three characteristic times have been derived: the time ti for establishing the first tip/substrate contact, the time tf for the final permanent contact and switch closure and the time interval Δt(=tf − ti) during which the beam tip bounces several times over the substrate before achieving a full effective contact. It has been shown that the formulae currently available for the switching time, which neglect bouncing and damping, accurately estimate ti, but significantly underestimate the actual switching time which in fact coincides with tf. It has been predicted that as the actuation voltage increases, ti and tf reduce, whereas Δt and the number of bounces increase favoring mechanical damage as the tip/substrate interface. On the other hand, as the damping coefficient of the system increases, the number of bounces reduces monotonically, whereas tf has a biphasic behavior showing a minimum for an optimal Q. Maps have been presented which can be used in a preliminary design process of the cantilever-based switch.
On the fatigue assessment of plain and short fibre/particle reinforced concretes

By reanalysing more than 1500 data taken from the literature, a unifying design curve is proposed to estimate fatigue damage in un-notched plain and short-fibre/particle reinforced concretes subjected to cyclic loading. The considered experimental results were generated by testing both plain and short-fibre/particle reinforced concretes cyclically loaded either in tension, in tension/compression, in compression, or in bending. From a design point of view, the most important feature characterising the proposed standardised methodology is that the mean stress effect is directly accounted for through the maximum stress in the cycle under either tension/compression or bending, and the absolute value of the minimum stress under compression (the above design stresses being normalised through the corresponding static strength). The above strategy resulted in a great simplification of the problem, allowing all the considered experimental results to fall within a narrow scatter band.
Evaluating the prognostic value of miR-148/152 family in cancers: based on a systemic review of observational studies

Background The prognostic significance of MicroRNA-148/152 (miR-148/152) family expression in various cancers has been investigated by many studies with inconsistent results. To address this issue, we performed a meta-analysis to clarify this relationship. Materials and Methods Eligible studies were recruited by a systematic literature search and assessed the quality of included studies based on Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS) and disease free survival/progressive free survival/recurrence free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS) were calculated to estimate the effects of miR-148/152 family expression on prognosis. Results A final total of 23 articles (26 studies) were considered in evidence synthesis. A significant association was observed between low miR-148a level and poor OS in patients (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.14 – 2.20, P = 0.00), especially with digestive tract cancer (DTC) (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.63, P = 0.03), and another significant association was observed between low miR-148b level and poor OS in patients (HR=2.09, 95% CI: 1.70–2.56, P = 0.00), especially with (hepatocellular carcinoma) HCC (HR = 1.97, 95% Cl: 1.52–2.56, P = 0.00) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (HR = 2.29, 95% Cl: 1.64–3.18, P = 0.00). The significant correlation between miR-152 and DFS/RFS was found in our research (HR = 3.49, 95% Cl: 1.13–10.08, P = 0.03). Conclusions Our findings suggest that low miR-148/152 family expression is significantly associated with poor prognosis and may be a feasible prognostic biomarker in some cancers, especially in HCC and NSCLC.
Genetic variation of toll-like receptor genes and infection by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Holstein-Friesian cattle.

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are membrane proteins that play a key role in innate immunity, by recognizing pathogens and subsequently activating appropriate responses. Mutations in TLR genes are associated with susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases in humans. In cattle, 3 members of the TLR family, TLR1, TLR2, and TLR4, are associated with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection, although the extent of this association for the TLR1 and TLR4 receptors has not yet been determined. Moreover, the causal variant in the TLR2 gene has not yet been unequivocally established. In this study, 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the bovine TLR1, TLR2, and TLR4 genes were selected from the literature, databases, and in silico searches, for a population-based genetic association study of a Spanish Holstein-Friesian sample. Whereas previous results regarding the TLR1 gene were not corroborated, a risk haplotype was detected in TLR2; however, its low frequency indicates that this detected association should be interpreted with caution. In the case of the TLR4 gene, 3 tightly linked SNP were found to be associated with susceptibility to M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection. Moreover, one of these SNP, the SNP c. -226G>C, which is localized in the 5'UTR region of the TLR4 gene, has been reported to be able to alter TLR4 expression, raising the possibility that this mutation may contribute to the response of the individual to infection.
Training Set Size for Generalization Ability of Artificial Neural Networks in Forecasting TCP/IP Traffic Trends

In this paper we empirically investigate various sizes of training sets with the aim of determining the optimum training set size for generalization ability of an ANN trained on forecasting TCP/IP network traffic trends. We found from both the simulation experiments and literature that the best training set size can be obtained by selecting training samples randomly, between the interval 5 ×NW and 10 ×NW in number, depending on the difficulty of the problem under consideration.
Periodic power management schemes for real-time event streams

Power dissipation has constrained the performance boosting of modern computer systems in the past decade. Dynamic power management (DPM) has been implemented in many systems to change the system (or device) state dynamically to reduce the power consumption. This paper explores how to efficiently and effectively reduce the energy consumption to handle event streams with hard real-time or quality of service (QoS) guarantees. We adopt Real-Time Calculus to describe the event arrival by arrival curves in the interval domain. To reduce the implementation overhead, we propose a periodic scheme to determine when to turn on/off the system (or device). This paper first presents two approaches to derive periodic scheme to cope with systems with only one event stream, in which one approach derives an optimal solution for periodic power management with higher complexity and the other derives approximated solutions with lower complexity. Then, extensions are proposed to deal with multiple event streams. Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of our approaches.
Surveying Port Scans and Their Detection Methodologies

Scanning of ports on a computer occurs frequently on the Internet. An attacker performs port scans of Internet protocol addresses to find vulnerable hosts to compromise. However, it is also useful for system administrators and other network defenders to detect port scans as possible preliminaries to more serious attacks. It is a very difficult task to recognize instances of malicious port scanning. In general, a port scan may be an instance of a scan by attackers or an instance of a scan by network defenders. In this survey, we present research and development trends in this area. Our presentation includes a discussion of common port scan attacks. We provide a comparison of port scan methods based on type, mode of detection, mechanism used for detection and other characteristics. This survey also reports on the available data sets and evaluation criteria for port scan detection approaches.
Working memory in Parkinson's disease patients: clinical features and response to levodopa.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical features of the working memory (WM) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and to test the effect of levodopa on WM. METHOD The paradigm was based on the 'n-back' tasks, which enables to study the level of executive demand (three levels of difficulty) and the domain of the information being processed (spatial items, faces and letters). The effect of levodopa was studied by testing PD patients in "on" and "off" states. RESULTS PD patients performed less well in WM tasks than controls. There was no interaction between groups and complexity. Levodopa therapy had a positive effect only on spatial WM tasks but no effect on complexity. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that impairment observed may result from a maintenance deficit within WM regardless the level of processing and levodopa therapy presents a positive effect on spatial WM.
Complex N-Glycans Influence the Spatial Arrangement of Voltage Gated Potassium Channels in Membranes of Neuronal-Derived Cells

The intrinsic electrical properties of a neuron depend on expression of voltage gated potassium (Kv) channel isoforms, as well as their distribution and density in the plasma membrane. Recently, we showed that N-glycosylation site occupancy of Kv3.1b modulated its placement in the cell body and neurites of a neuronal-derived cell line, B35 neuroblastoma cells. To extrapolate this mechanism to other N-glycosylated Kv channels, we evaluated the impact of N-glycosylation occupancy of Kv3.1a and Kv1.1 channels. Western blots revealed that wild type Kv3.1a and Kv1.1 α-subunits had complex and oligomannose N-glycans, respectively, and that abolishment of the N-glycosylation site(s) generated Kv proteins without N-glycans. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy images revealed that N-glycans of Kv3.1a contributed to its placement in the cell membrane while N-glycans had no effect on the distribution of Kv1.1. Based on particle analysis of EGFP-Kv proteins in the adhered membrane, glycosylated forms of Kv3.1a, Kv1.1, and Kv3.1b had differences in the number, size or density of Kv protein clusters in the cell membrane of neurites and cell body of B35 cells. Differences were also observed between the unglycosylated forms of the Kv proteins. Cell dissociation assays revealed that cell-cell adhesion was increased by the presence of complex N-glycans of Kv3.1a, like Kv3.1b, whereas cell adhesion was similar in the oligomannose and unglycosylated Kv1.1 subunit containing B35 cells. Our findings provide direct evidence that N-glycans of Kv3.1 splice variants contribute to the placement of these glycoproteins in the plasma membrane of neuronal-derived cells while those of Kv1.1 were absent. Further when the cell membrane distribution of the Kv channel was modified by N-glycans then the cell-cell adhesion properties were altered. Our study demonstrates that N-glycosylation of Kv3.1a, like Kv3.1b, provides a mechanism for the distribution of these proteins to the cell body and outgrowths and thereby can generate different voltage-dependent conductances in these membranes.
Soft-Tissue Deformation for In Vivo Volume Animation

Articulated body animation with smooth skin deformation is an important topic in computer graphics. This paper presents a pipeline that extends articulated body deformation to the volume graphics domain. The pipeline consists of in-vivo volume scans, kinematic joint estimation, volumetric joint weight computation, soft-tissue volume deformation, and direct volume rendering. The result is a fully articulated body volume driven by intuitive joint control that respects rigid deformation of the bone structures and produces smooth deformations of both the skin surface and the interior soft tissue regions.
GSK1070916, a potent Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor with broad antitumor activity in tissue culture cells and human tumor xenograft models

The protein kinases, Aurora A, B, and C have critical roles in the regulation of mitosis and are frequently overexpressed or amplified in human tumors. GSK1070916, is a novel ATP competitive inhibitor that is highly potent and selective for Aurora B/C kinases. Human tumor cells treated with GSK1070916 show dose-dependent inhibition of phosphorylation on serine 10 of Histone H3, a substrate specific for Aurora B kinase. Moreover, GSK1070916 inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells with EC50 values of <10 nmol/L in over 100 cell lines spanning a broad range of tumor types. Although GSK1070916 has potent activity against proliferating cells, a dramatic shift in potency is observed in primary, nondividing, normal human vein endothelial cells, consistent with the proposed mechanism. We further determined that treated cells do not arrest in mitosis but instead fail to divide and become polyploid, ultimately leading to apoptosis. GSK1070916 shows dose-dependent inhibition of phosphorylation of an Aurora B–specific substrate in mice and consistent with its broad cellular activity, has antitumor effects in 10 human tumor xenograft models including breast, colon, lung, and two leukemia models. These results show that GSK1070916 is a potent Aurora B/C kinase inhibitor that has the potential for antitumor activity in a wide range of human cancers. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(7):1808–17]
Interaction of Normal and Sickle Hemoglobins for Sodium Dodecylsulphate and Hydrogen Peroxide at pH 5.0 and 7.2

Clinical manifestations of malaria primarily result from proliferation of the parasite within the hosts' erythrocytes. The malaria parasite digests hemoglobin within its digestive vacuole through a sequential metabolic process involving multiple proteases. The activities of these proteases could lead to the production of ROS which could lead to the death of the parasites due to the destruction of their membrane. The action of SDS on hemoglobins can be likened to the way malarial proteases destabilizes host hemoglobin. Hence, the study was designed to determine the binding parameters of SDS and H2O2 for normal, sickle trait carrier and sickle hemoglobins at pH 5.0 and 7.2 using UV-VIS Titration Spectrophotometry. Hb-SDS interactions were significantly different at pH 5.0 but were not at pH 7.2. Also, Hb-H2O2 interactions were statistically different at pH 5.0 and 7.2. The interactions suggest that HbA and HbS are easily destabilized than HbAS and that HbAS has more affinity for H2O2. These suggest a production of more ferryl intermediates or hydroxyl radicals. All these interactions may hinder the development of the malaria parasite at the intraerythrocytic stage and could likely account for a significant proportion of the mechanism that favours the resistance to malaria by individuals with HbAS.
An Heuristic Genetic Algorithm Solve Test Point Selecting with Unreliable Test

A mathematical model of the test selection with unreliable test is created and a heuristic function of the test point are established based on the tolerances of the test point detection, coverage and reliance in this paper. In order to overcome the computational explosion, the genetic algorithm with heuristic function is proposed to settle the test selection problem with unreliable test. The algorithm is illustrated and tested using a range of a real-word system. The examples show that this algorithm is significantly better than simple genetic algorithm. It is also feasible and effective, especially in the large-scale system.
Recycling Randomness with Structure for Sublinear time Kernel Expansions

We propose a scheme for recycling Gaussian random vectors into structured matrices to approximate various kernel functions in sublinear time via random embeddings. Our framework includes the Fastfood construction of Le et al. (2013) as a special case, but also extends to Circulant, Toeplitz and Hankel matrices, and the broader family of structured matrices that are characterized by the concept of low-displacement rank. We introduce notions of coherence and graph-theoretic structural constants that control the approximation quality, and prove unbiasedness and low-variance properties of random feature maps that arise within our framework. For the case of low-displacement matrices, we show how the degree of structure and randomness can be controlled to reduce statistical variance at the cost of increased computation and storage requirements. Empirical results strongly support our theory and justify the use of a broader family of structured matrices for scaling up kernel methods using random features.