Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FBARC: I/O Asymmetry Aware Buffer Replacement Strategy

Buﬀer Management is central to database systems; it minimizes the access gap between memory and disk. Primary criterion of most buﬀer management strategies is hitrate maximization (based on recency, frequency). New storage technologies exhibit characteristics such as read/write asymmetry and low read latency. These have signiﬁcant impact on the buﬀer manager: due to asymmetry the cost of page eviction may be several times higher than the cost of fetching a page. Hence buﬀer management strategies for modern storage technologies must consider write-awareness and spatial locality besides hitrate. In this paper we introduce FBARC - a buﬀer management strategy designed to address I/O asymmetry on Flash devices. FBARC is based on ARC and extends it by a write list utilizing the spatial locality of evicted pages to produce semi-sequential write patterns. FBARC adds an additional list to host dirty pages grouping them into ﬁxed regions called clusters based on their disk location. In comparison to LRU, CFLRU, CFDC, and FOR+, FBARC: (i) addresses write-eﬃciency and endurance ; (ii) oﬀers comparatively high hitrate ; (iii) is computationally-eﬃcient and uses static grid-based clustering of the page eviction list; (iv) adapts to workload changes ; (v) is scan-resistant . Our experimental evaluation compares FBARC against LRU, CFLRU, CFDC, and FOR+ using trace-driven simulation, based on standard benchmark traces (e.g. TPC-C, TPC-H).
Decision-Making during Games by Professional Handball Coaches Using Regulatory Focus Theory

The main goal of this study, based on regulatory focus theory, is to assess the effects of the reward structure on the defensive strategy of handball teams. The results show that (a) a promotional defensive strategy is more often preferred in the second half of the second half-time than in any other game period and (b) second-division coaches are more likely to put their players in regulatory fit situations than are first-division coaches, and could, thus, be more influenced by affordance situations than first-division coaches, who would be more concerned with the ratio of strength between the teams.
Neurotoxicity of commonly used antineoplastic agents (first of two parts).

THE incidence of neurologic disorders has been steadily increasing in several neoplastic diseases as recent advances in therapy have lengthened patient survival.1 2 3 The neurologic complications of cancer most frequently result from metastasis to the nervous system or compression of neural structures by extraneural tumor. In addition, an interesting group of nonmetastatic neuromuscular disorders has recently been described,4 , 5 and the broad concept of "carcinomatous neuromyopathy" is frequently invoked to explain obscure neurologic symptoms in patients with cancer.6 However, it is also important to realize that neurologic dysfunction may be iatrogenic — i.e., caused by the treatment of cancer. Radiation myelitis and .
Resting‐state networks show dynamic functional connectivity in awake humans and anesthetized macaques

Characterization of large‐scale brain networks using blood‐oxygenation‐level‐dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging is typically based on the assumption of network stationarity across the duration of scan. Recent studies in humans have questioned this assumption by showing that within‐network functional connectivity fluctuates on the order of seconds to minutes. Time‐varying profiles of resting‐state networks (RSNs) may relate to spontaneously shifting, electrophysiological network states and are thus mechanistically of particular importance. However, because these studies acquired data from awake subjects, the fluctuating connectivity could reflect various forms of conscious brain processing such as passive mind wandering, active monitoring, memory formation, or changes in attention and arousal during image acquisition. Here, we characterize RSN dynamics of anesthetized macaques that control for these accounts, and compare them to awake human subjects. We find that functional connectivity among nodes comprising the “oculomotor (OCM) network” strongly fluctuated over time during awake as well as anaesthetized states. For time dependent analysis with short windows (<60 s), periods of positive functional correlations alternated with prominent anticorrelations that were missed when assessed with longer time windows. Similarly, the analysis identified network nodes that transiently link to the OCM network and did not emerge in average RSN analysis. Furthermore, time‐dependent analysis reliably revealed transient states of large‐scale synchronization that spanned all seeds. The results illustrate that resting‐state functional connectivity is not static and that RSNs can exhibit nonstationary, spontaneous relationships irrespective of conscious, cognitive processing. The findings imply that mechanistically important network information can be missed when using average functional connectivity as the single network measure. Hum Brain Mapp 34:2154–2177, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proactive key distribution using neighbor graphs

User mobility in wireless data networks is increasing because of technological advances, and the desire for voice and multimedia applications. These applications, however, require that handoffs between base stations (or access points) be fast to maintain the quality of the connections. In this article we introduce a novel data structure, the neighbor graph, that dynamically captures the mobility topology of a wireless network. We show how neighbor graphs can be utilized to obtain a 99 percent reduction in the authentication time of an IEEE 802.11 handoff (full EAP-TLS) by proactively distributing necessary key material one hop ahead of the mobile user. We also present a reactive method for fast authentication that requires only firmware changes to access points and hence can easily be deployed on existing wireless networks.
Relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and Mycoplasma pneumoniae: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a complex and multifactorial aetiology. Infectious agents could start this disease. The majority of the characteristics of this infirmity can be observed in chronic arthritis produced by mycoplasmas in animals. In this study the association between Mycoplasma pneumoniae and RA has been evaluated. METHODS A case-control study was performed. Sera taken from 78 RA patients and from 156 controls were analysed to ascertain the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) against M. pneumoniae. Other variables, like age, gender, work status, history of pneumonia, etc., were recorded in a questionnaire. RESULTS The presence of antibodies against M. pneumoniae was associated with RA (odds ratio=2.34, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that M. pneumoniae could be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of RA; however, more studies need to be done.
Comparison of Factor Analytic Results with Two-Choice and Seven-Choice Personality Item Formats

A translated version of the Comrey Personality Scales (CPS) using a two-choice item format was administered to 159 male applicants for a motor vehicle operator's license in Israel. Total scores were computed for the 40 homogeneous item subgroups that define the eight personality factors in the taxonomy underlying the CPS. Factor analysis of the intercorrelations among these 40 subvariables resulted in substantial replication of factors found in a previous study employing a seven-choice item format. On the average, higher intercorrelations among subvariables measuring the same factor and higher factor loadings were obtained for the seven-choice item format results. These findings suggest a superiority for the seven-choice over the two-choice item format for personality inventories.
Inferring agent dynamics from social communication network

We present a machine learning approach to discovering the agent dynamics or micro-laws that drives the evolution of the social groups in a community. We set up the problem by introducing a parameterized probabilistic model for the agent dynamics: the acts of an agent are determined by micro-laws with unknown parameters. Our approach is to identify the appropriate micro-laws which corresponds to identifying the appropriate parameters in the model. To solve the problem we develop heuristic expectation-maximization style algorithms for determining the micro-laws of a community based on either the observed social group evolution, or observed set of communications between actors. We present the results of extensive experiments on simulated data as well as some results on real communities, e.g., newsgroups.
Transactional NVM Cache with High Performance and Crash Consistency

The byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) is new promising storage medium. Compared to NAND flash memory, the next-generation NVM not only preserves the durability of stored data but has much shorter access latencies. An architect can utilize the fast and persistent NVM as an external disk cache. Regarding the system’s crash consistency, a prevalent journaling file system needs to run atop an NVM disk cache. However, the performance is severely impaired by redundant efforts in achieving crash consistency in both file system and disk cache. Therefore, we propose a new mechanism called transactional NVM disk cache (Tinca). In brief, Tinca jointly guarantees consistency of file system and disk cache and removes the performance penalty of file system journaling with a lightweight transaction scheme. Evaluations confirm that Tinca significantly outperforms state-of-the-art design by up to $2.5 \times$ in local and cluster tests without causing any inconsistency issue. CCS CONCEPTS • Information systems $\rightarrow$ Storage class memory; • Software andits engineering $\rightarrow$ Consistency; File systems management; Operating systems;
Teaching about Religion in Elementary School: The Experience of One Texas District

hose are songs that typically are not heard in elementary classrooms in the public schools. But why not? Is not religion an integral facet of any society? According to Simmons (2003, 7), “[c]ivilizations rise and fall under the powerful sway of religious transformation and the accompanying social changes. ” How can a teacher accurately teach social studies without any reference to religion? However, that, is exactly what is happening in many classrooms across America. The mere mention of the terms religion and public education in the same sentence has both educators and parents gasping aloud. Moreover, although most state adopted sixth-grade textbooks contain a fair amount of content on the world’s religions, but it is also true that many social studies teachers choose to omit that content. Black (2003, 4) reports that “many teachers . prefer to gloss over, if not wholly ignore, this component of their curriculum. ” Given the attention surrounding the issue, can we blame them? Actually, we can.
Views of knowledge acquisition and representation: A continuum from experience centered to mind..

The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for discussing five approaches to understanding knowledge acquisition and representation. These approaches are behaviorism, schema theory, social perspective theories, connectionism, and situated cognition. We describe these approaches as lying on a continuum running from an experience-centered view of knowledge acquisition to a mind-centered view, with a more interactive view at the center. All five approaches are explicated in light of this continuum. Specifically, assumptions about knowledge acquisition and representation, the strengths and weaknesses of the approach, and the potential or actual impact on schooling are highlighted for each theory. We suggest that although each of these theories has merit in explaining certain aspects of knowledge acquisition, no approach adequately addresses the issues of consciousness, self-awareness, and self-reflection. Also, we argue that viewing cognitive functioning through the lenses of machine metaphors is nev.
Past and Future American Psychological Association Guidelines for Statistical Practice

We review the publication guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA) since 1929 and document their advice for authors about statistical practice. Although the advice has been extended with each revision of the guidelines, it has largely focused on null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) to the exclusion of other statistical methods. In parallel, we review over 40 years of critiques of NHST in psychology. Until now, the critiques have had little impact on the APA guidelines. The guidelines are influential in broadly shaping statistical practice, although in some cases recommended reporting practices are not closely followed. The guidelines have an important role to play in reform of statistical practice in psychology. Following the report of the APA's Task Force on Statistical Inference, we propose that future revisions of the guidelines reflect a broader philosophy of analysis and inference, provide detailed statistical requirements for reporting research, and directly address concerns about NHST. In addition, the APA needs to develop ways to ensure that its editors succeed in their leadership role in achieving essential reform.
The Just Community Approach to Corrections: A Theory

Abstract: This paper represents the attempt to apply to the prison situation the principles of moral development derived from the study of moral development in children. Existing correctional institutions do not provide the kind of experience which would foster moral growth in their inmates. In order for this to happen democratic situations have to be created in which staff and inmates can freely discuss moral issues and where staff are sufficiently aware of the nature of moral development that they can stimulate inmates to move to higher levels of moral thinking. An account is given of preliminary efforts to do just this.
Decoupling Propagation and Reflection for Radiance Computations

Although significant success has been made in the improvement of radiosity algorithms, the methods to solve the general global illumination problem with arbitrarily reflecting surfaces still require unreasonable computing times. In this paper, we describe an extension of the well-known hierarchical radiosity algorithm, which is able to cope with non-diffuse surfaces, without the explosion of computation times known from other algorithms. Results of the algorithm are presented and compared with other global illumination methods. CR Descriptors: I.3. 7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-dimensional Graphics and Realism – radiosity;
Lightweight Fault-Tolerance for Peer-to-Peer Middleware

We address the problem of providing transparent, lightweight, fault-tolerance mechanisms for generic peer-to-peer middleware systems. The main idea is to use the peer-to-peer overlay to provide for fault-tolerance rather than support it higher up in the middleware architecture, e.g. in the form of services. To evaluate our approach we have implemented a fault-tolerant middleware prototype that uses a hierarchical peer-to-peer overlay in which the leaf peers connect to sensors that provide data streams. Clients connect to the root of the overlay and request streams that are routed upwards through intermediate peers in the overlay up to the client. We report encouraging preliminary results for latency, jitter and resource consumption for both the non-faulty and faulty cases.
Job Insecurity: Correlates, Moderators and Measurement

Examines the relations between feelings of job insecurity (JI) and various attitudes and opinions of employees towards their work and the organization. Analyses survey data from 11 European high‐tech organizations with a total of 8,483 respondents. Shows that JI is associated with more negative evaluations of all aspects of the company and the job, including more objective variables such as the quality of products and services. Particularly high correlations are observed between JI and negative judgements on management and the company in general. Further presents the development of a questionnaire to assess JI. The questionnaire is then used to study differential effects of JI on persons with internal and external locus of control, and with high and low social support.
Data-Driven and Ontological Analysis of FrameNet for Natural Language Reasoning

This paper focuses on the improvement of the conceptual structure of FrameNet (FN) for the sake of applying this resource to knowledge-intensive NLP tasks requiring reasoning, such as question answering, information extraction etc. In this paper we show that in addition to coverage incompleteness, the current version of FN suffers from conceptual inconsistency and lacks axiomatization which can prevent appropriate inferences. For the sake of discovering and classifying conceptual problems in FN we investigate the FrameNet-Annotated corpus for Textual Entailment. Then we propose a methodology for improving the conceptual organization of FN. The main issue we focus on in our study is enriching, axiomatizing and cleaning up frame relations. Our methodology includes a data-driven analysis of frames resulting in discovering new frame relations and an ontological analysis of frames and frame relations resulting in axiomatizing relations and formulating constraints on them. In this paper, frames and frame relations are analyzed in terms of the DOLCE formal ontology. Additionally, we have described a case study aiming at demonstrating how the proposed methodology works in practice as well as investigating the impact of the restructured and axiomatized frame relations on recognizing textual entailment.
A MEASUREMENT OF THE SECONDARY-CMB AND MILLIMETER-WAVE-FOREGROUND BISPECTRUM USING 800 deg2 OF SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DATA

We present a measurement of the angular bispectrum of the millimeter-wave sky in observing bands centered at roughly 95, 150, and 220 GHz, on angular scales of 1′ ≲ θ ≲ 10′ (multipole number 1000 ≲ l ≲ 10,000). At these frequencies and angular scales, the main contributions to the bispectrum are expected to be the thermal Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect and emission from extragalactic sources, predominantly dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) and active galactic nuclei. We measure the bispectrum in 800 deg2 of three-band South Pole Telescope data, and we use a multi-frequency fitting procedure to separate the bispectrum of the tSZ effect from the extragalactic source contribution. We simultaneously detect the bispectrum of the tSZ effect at >10σ, the unclustered component of the extragalactic source bispectrum at >5σ in each frequency band, and the bispectrum due to the clustering of DSFGs—i.e., the clustered cosmic infrared background (CIB) bispectrum—at >5σ. This is the first reported detection of the clustered CIB bispectrum. We use the measured tSZ bispectrum amplitude, compared to model predictions, to constrain the normalization of the matter power spectrum to be σ8 = 0.787 ± 0.031 and to predict the amplitude of the tSZ power spectrum at l = 3000. This prediction improves our ability to separate the thermal and kinematic contributions to the total SZ power spectrum. The addition of bispectrum data improves our constraint on the tSZ power spectrum amplitude by a factor of two compared to power spectrum measurements alone and demonstrates a preference for a nonzero kinematic SZ (kSZ) power spectrum, with a derived constraint on the kSZ amplitude at l = 3000 of AkSZ = 2.9 ± 1.6 μK2, or AkSZ = 2.6 ± 1.8 μK2 if the default AkSZ > 0 prior is removed.
Secure partial dynamic reconfiguration with unsecured external memory

This paper proposes a solution to improve the security of the partial dynamic reconfiguration of FPGA, without significantly affecting the reconfiguration performance. The existing solutions for secure partial dynamic reconfiguration on SRAM based FPGAs impact the reconfiguration process and the available resources due to their complex multi-layered partial bitstream validation process. This adversely affects the performance of applications using reconfigurable hardware. The proposed solution uses high performance encryption engines to change the encryption key of the remotely received bitstream by a randomly generated key, unique to each configuration, when storing the bitstream in the external unsecured memory. An additional CBC-MAC authentication mechanism is also considered that combined with the frame-wise error detection mechanism of the configuration port, allows for an improved countermeasure against replay attack and wrongful bitstream usage. The proposed solution introduces a resource overhead of 1.1% in regard to the base reconfigurable system and provides the lowest impact on the reconfiguration process when compared to the related state of the art, achieving a reconfiguration throughput of 2.5 Gbps.
The systems biology markup language (SBML): a medium for representation and exchange of biochemical network models

MOTIVATION Molecular biotechnology now makes it possible to build elaborate systems models, but the systems biology community needs information standards if models are to be shared, evaluated and developed cooperatively. RESULTS We summarize the Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) Level 1, a free, open, XML-based format for representing biochemical reaction networks. SBML is a software-independent language for describing models common to research in many areas of computational biology, including cell signaling pathways, metabolic pathways, gene regulation, and others. AVAILABILITY The specification of SBML Level 1 is freely available from http://www.sbml. org/
Is Peak VO2 a Maximal Index of Children's Aerobic Fitness?

A levelling of oxygen uptake (VO2 plateau) at high exercise intensities is conventionally used as the criterion for establishing VO2max during progressive, incremental exercise testing. Only a minority of children, however, demonstrate a VO2 plateau during exercise to voluntary exhaustion. This study was therefore designed to investigate whether a VO2 plateau is required before peak VO2 can be considered a maximal index of children's aerobic fitness. Eighteen girls and 17 boys (age 9.9 +/- 0.4 yrs) carried out three treadmill tests to exhaustion one week apart. The first test comprised a discontinuous, incremental protocol to voluntary exhaustion. In test two each child warmed up and then ran to exhaustion at the same belt speed but on a gradient 2.5% greater than that which had produced an exhaustive effort on the first test. The third test was conducted similarly but the treadmill gradient was raised to 5% greater than that which had produced an exhaustive effort on the first test. Seven girls and 6 boys demonstrated a VO2 plateau (< or = 2 ml.kg-1.min-7) on the first test but no significant differences in either anthropometrical or peak physiological data were detected between those who demonstrated a plateau and those who did not. Mean peak VO2 values during tests two and three (supramaximal tests) did not increase significantly above that achieved on test one although indicators of an increased anaerobic contribution were significantly higher in both supramaximal tests. These findings indicate that peak VO2 in test one was a maximal value despite the absence of a VO2 plateau. The requirement of a VO2 plateau before peak VO2 can be regarded as a maximal index of young children's aerobic fitness is therefore untenable.