Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
University of Birmingham How do professionals experience working with offenders diagnosed with personality disorder within a prison environment?

Aims: To explore the different experiences of a Multi-Disciplinary Team working with offenders diagnosed with Personality Disorder (PD) and produce a substantive model of the Offender Personality Disorder Pathway strategy from a staff perspective. Method: Fourteen participants were recruited from ‘Unit A’ located within a high security prison. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants and the data collected were analysed using constructivist grounded theory. Results: A model was constructed depicting the experiences of those working with offenders with PD. Main themes identified were: prison environment; synergy of the workforce; understanding of the client; individual perceptions; support; and personal change. Although there was enough similarity within the participants’ responses to consider them to be a homogenous population, there were some noticeable differences in trends of responses evident between the two sub-groups of health service based clinical staff and prison staff as expressed in the model. Conclusions: There is interplay between factors which influence an individual’s experience of working with offenders with PD. How a member of staff experiences working with offenders with PD depends on more than just the nature of the client and the challenges they pose. These factors external to the client group appear to have a significant impact on the professional and their emotional experiences of their work.
Image Annotation combining Subspace Clustering , Matrix Completion and Inhomogeneous Errors

Image annotation methods have greatly facilitated image management applications. However, existing methods are still suffering from the degradation of the missing and noisy tags provided by users. In this study, we propose an image annotation method which performs tag completion and refinement sequentially. We assume that images are sampled from a union of subspaces. Images sampled from the same subspace, as well as their corresponding tags, should form a compatible image-tag sub-matrix. Thus we segment the subspaces by the Sparse Subspace Clustering (SSC) method and share tags in each subspace. A novel matrix completion model is designed for tag refinement, taking visual-tag correlation, semantic-tag correlation and the inhomogeneous errors property, which is explored in this field for the first time, into consideration. We exploit CNN features to improve the model. The proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art approaches when handling missing and noisy tags on multiple benchmark datasets.
Assessing the Effects of Place-Based Scholarships on Urban Revitalization: The Case of Say Yes to Education

We find evidence of enrollment increases in both Syracuse and Buffalo following the announcement of a placed-based scholarship program, Say Yes to Education. While the Syracuse increases were accompanied by enrollment declines in surrounding suburban districts, the Buffalo increases coincided with declines in private school enrollments. Buffalo and Rochester also saw enrollment increases relative to trends following the announcement of Say Yes in Syracuse, suggesting that part of the increase in Syracuse might be attributable to factors other than Say Yes. We also find evidence of increases in home prices in Syracuse after the program’s announcement, as well as decreases in the surrounding suburbs. We do not find evidence of similar housing price changes in Buffalo.
On average and maximum load of greedy routing in wireless ad hoc networks

One common model that has been used to analyze routing algorithms in ad hoc networks considers networks that are so dense that a node exists close enough to any point in the network. Continuous techniques were used to calculate the average and maximum loads of the routing algorithms. In this paper we explain some limitations of such techniques in predicting the load of routing algorithms in discrete network models such as unit disk graphs even at high node densities. We present a new approach to find estimates of the average and maximum load induced by greedy routing in discrete network models. Our model takes into consideration parameters such as the transmission radius and the average degree of nodes, and is suitable for networks that are not necessarily very dense. Our model is validated by simulation results that closely match the theoretical predictions.
Detection of Residual Myocardial Function in Coronary Artery Disease Using Post‐extra Systolic Potentiation

Improved global or segmental wall motion following revascularization suggests potential reversibility of ischemic left ventricular dysfunction in coronary artery disease (CAD). This study evaluates the effectiveness of post-extra systolic potentiation (PESP) to detect latent residual contractile function. Quantitative left ventriculography was performed in 15 patients with CAD (including seven with significant asynergy) and in three normal controls. During the ventriculogram, a single extra-systole was introduced by an R-wave coupled stimulator (R-stimulus interval averaged 398 msec, with an average mA of 2.4). PESP improved segmental axis shortening in 51 of 55 normal axes and 15 of 17 hypokinetic or akinetic axes. It also increased both ejection fraction and mean rate of circumferential fiber shortening in 17 of 18 patients. No significant arrhythmia occurred with this technique. A single interposed beat with PESP in one ventriculogram is a safe, effective method to detect residual potential contractile function in myocardium that may be hypokinetic or akinetic under conditions of the study.
Quinoline and Benzimidazole Derivatives: Candidate Probes for In Vivo Imaging of Tau Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuropil threads, and neuritic elements of senile plaques predominantly comprise hyperphosphorylated tau protein and represent pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These lesions occur before the presentation of clinical symptoms and correlate with the severity of dementia. In vivo detection of these lesions would thus prove useful for preclinical diagnosis of AD and for tracking disease progression. The present study introduces three novel compounds, 4-[2-(2-benzoimidazolyl)ethenyl]-N,N-diethylbenzenamine (BF-126), 2-[(4-methylamino)phenyl]quinoline (BF-158), and 2-(4-aminophenyl)quinoline (BF-170), as candidate probes for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in the AD brain. When solutions of these compounds are injected intravenously into normal mice, these agents exhibit excellent brain uptake and rapid clearance from normal brain tissue. These compounds display relatively lower binding affinity to β-amyloid fibrils and higher binding affinity to tau fibrils, compared with previously reported probe BF-168. In neuropathological examination using AD brain sections, BF-126, BF-158, and BF-170 clearly visualize NFTs, neuropil threads, and paired helical filament-type neuritis. Autoradiography using 11C-labeled BF-158 further demonstrated labeling of NFTs in AD brain sections. These findings suggest the potential usefulness of quinoline and benzimidazole derivatives for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in AD.
Temperament, Character, and Adolescents' Depressive Symptoms: Focusing on Affect

Positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) are two separate systems markers of subjective well-being and measures of the state depression (low PA combined with high NA). The present study investigated differences in temperament, character, locus of control, and depressive symptoms (sleep quality, stress, and lack of energy) between affective profiles in an adolescent sample. Participants (N = 304) were categorized into four affective profiles: “self-fulfilling” (high PA, low NA), “high affective” (high PA, high NA), “low affective” (low PA, low NA), and “self-destructive” (low PA, high NA). Personality was measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory and affective profiles by the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule. The “self-fulfilling” profile was characterized by, compared to the other affective profiles, higher levels of sleep quality, less stress and more energy and also higher levels of persistence and a mature character (i.e., high scores in self-directedness and cooperativeness). “Self-destructive” adolescents reported higher levels of external locus of control, high scores in harm avoidance and reward dependence combined with less mature character. The results identify the importance of character maturity in well-being and suggest that depressive state can be positively influenced by promoting positive emotions which appears to be achieved by character development.
The Price of Conformism Amil Dasgupta

As previous agency models have shown, fund managers with career concerns have an incentive to imitate the recent trading strategy of other managers. We embed this rational conformist tendency in a stylized nancial market with limited arbitrage. Equilibrium prices incorporate a reputational premium or discount, which is a monotonic function of past trade between careerdriven traders and the rest of the market. Our prediction is tested with quarterly data on US institutional holdings from 1983 to 2004. We nd evidence that stocks that have been persistently bought (sold) by institutions in the past 3 to 5 quarters underperform (overperform) the rest of the market in the next 12 to 30 months. Our results are of similar magnitude to, but distinct from, other known asset pricing anomalies. Our ndings challenge the mainstream view of the roles played by individuals and institutions in generating asset pricing anomalies. We thank Gregory Connor, Antonio Mele, Stefan Nagel, Andrew Patton and Dimitri Vayanos for helpful discussions, and audiences at Berkeley Haas, Birkbeck, Birmingham, Chicago GSB, Collegio Carlo Alberto, Georgetown, HEC, LBS, LSE, Maryland, Northwestern, Norwegian School of Economics, NYU Stern, Pompeu Fabra, Stanford, University of Amsterdam, UCL, and Wharton for useful comments. Dasgupta thanks the EPSRC for nancial support via grant GR/S83975/01. Correspondence address: London School of Economics, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK. E-mail: a.dasgupta@lse.ac. uk; a.prat@lse.ac. uk; m.verardo@lse.ac. uk.
Learners’ constructions of bullying in a South African school context

Drawing on social constructionism as a theoretical paradigm, this article foregrounds learners’ voices to depict the profiles of bullies and bullying victims within a cultural context of one coeducational secondary school in Hammarsdale in South Africa. The article uses qualitative data from semi-structured individual and focus group interviews as well as a participatory mapping exercise based on a narrative study of six purposefully sampled Grade 9 learners, aged between 13 and 16 years. The findings denote learners’ social identities such as gender, sexual orientation, economic status, age, stature and complexion as critical determinants in the incitement and formation of bully–victim relations. The complex forms, causes and spaces of bullying are highlighted to denote its pervasiveness and the extent of the school’s illpreparedness to effectively respond to bullying incidents. The study recommends education policy and practice reformists foreground learners’ understanding and experiences of bullying as a basis for enhancing social inclusiveness, tolerance and safe schooling environments, for enhanced equitable quality of learning experiences for all the learners.
Organizational Learning with Crowdsourcing: The Revelatory Case of LEGO

Extant organizational learning theory conceptualizes organizational learning as an internal, member-based process, sometimes supported by, yet often independent of, IT. Recently, however, several organizations have begun to involve non-members systematically in their learning by using crowdsourcing, a form of open innovation enabled by state-of-the-art IT. We examine the phenomenon of IT-enabled organizational learning with crowdsourcing in a longitudinal revelatory case study of one such organization, LEGO (2010-14). We studied the LEGO Cuusoo crowdsourcing platform’s secret test in Japan, its widely recognized global launch, and its success in generating top-selling LEGO models. Based on an analysis of how crowdsourcing contributes to the organizational learning at LEGO, we propose the “ambient organizational learning” framework. The framework accommodates both traditional, member-based organizational learning and IT-enabled, non-member-based organizational learning with crowdsourcing.
Celebrification in Philippine Politics: Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Endorser's Parasociability and the Public's Voting Behavior

This article looks at the voting behavior of individuals as a correlate of Parasocial Interaction (PSI)—a ‘mediated rapport’ or ‘illusion of intimacy’ with TV personae. A non-random sample of those who voted during the May 2007 Philippine Senatorial Elections in Metro Manila and Bulacan were surveyed and asked to assess celebrity endorsers of senatorial candidates using the PSI Scale. Results showed that respondents have higher PSI with celebrity endorsers of candidates they voted for. Demographic variables were also tested as to whether they might be indicators of PSI. The survey tends to suggest that celebrity endorsers who have higher parasociability invoke positive action and behavior (i.e., voting for their candidates). This means that they are also somehow indirect agents of change similar to significant others, when they endorse politicians who are possible leaders of the country, although the findings also show that there are exceptions to this. The paper concludes by turning to Symbolic Interactionism (wherein celebrities are perceived to be ‘significant others’ who may affect individuals’ attitudes and behaviors), and notes the advertising implications of ‘celebrification’.
Across-year social stability shapes network structure in wintering migrant sparrows.

Migratory birds often form flocks on their wintering grounds, but important details of social structure such as the patterns of association between individuals are virtually unknown. We analysed networks of co-membership in short-term flocks for wintering golden-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia atricapilla) across three years and discovered social complexity unsuspected for migratory songbirds. The population was consistently clustered into distinct social communities within a relatively small area (~ 7 ha). Birds returned to the same community across years, with mortality and recruitment leading to some degree of turnover in membership. These spatiotemporal patterns were explained by the combination of space use and social preference - birds that flocked together in one year flocked together again in the subsequent year more often than were expected based on degrees of home range overlap. Our results suggest that a surprising level of social fidelity across years leads to repeatable patterns of social network structure in migratory populations.
Simultaneous optimization of speed and buffer times for robust transportation systems

textabstractTransport companies often have a published timetable. To maintain timetable reliability despite delays, companies include buffer times during timetable development, and adjust the traveling speed during timetable execution. We develop an approach that can integrate decisions at different time scales (tactical and operational). We model execution of the timetable as a stochastic dynamic program (SDP). An SDP is a natural framework to model random events causing (additional) delay, propagation of delays, and real-time speed adjustments. However, SDPs alone cannot incorporate the buffer allocation, as buffer allocation requires to choose the same action in different states of the SDP. Our objective is finding the buffer allocation that yields the SDP which has minimal long run average costs. We derive several analytical insights into the model. We prove that costs are joint convex in the buffer times, and develop theory in order to compute subgradients. Our optimal algorithm for buffer time allocation is based on these results. Our case study considers container vessels sailing a round tour consisting of 14 ports based on Maersk data. Our algorithm finds the optimal timetable in less than 80 seconds. The optimal timetable yields cost reductions of about six to ten million USD per route per year in comparison to the current timetable.
Scribble Modulates the MAPK/Fra1 Pathway to Disrupt Luminal and Ductal Integrity and Suppress Tumour Formation in the Mammary Gland

Polarity coordinates cell movement, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis to build and maintain complex epithelial tissues such as the mammary gland. Loss of polarity and the deregulation of these processes are critical events in malignant progression but precisely how and at which stage polarity loss impacts on mammary development and tumourigenesis is unclear. Scrib is a core polarity regulator and tumour suppressor gene however to date our understanding of Scrib function in the mammary gland has been limited to cell culture and transplantation studies of cell lines. Utilizing a conditional mouse model of Scrib loss we report for the first time that Scrib is essential for mammary duct morphogenesis, mammary progenitor cell fate and maintenance, and we demonstrate a critical and specific role for Scribble in the control of the early steps of breast cancer progression. In particular, Scrib-deficiency significantly induced Fra1 expression and basal progenitor clonogenicity, which resulted in fully penetrant ductal hyperplasia characterized by high cell turnover, MAPK hyperactivity, frank polarity loss with mixing of apical and basolateral membrane constituents and expansion of atypical luminal cells. We also show for the first time a role for Scribble in mammalian spindle orientation with the onset of mammary hyperplasia being associated with aberrant luminal cell spindle orientation and a failure to apoptose during the final stage of duct tubulogenesis. Restoring MAPK/Fra1 to baseline levels prevented Scrib-hyperplasia, whereas persistent Scrib deficiency induced alveolar hyperplasia and increased the incidence, onset and grade of mammary tumours. These findings, based on a definitive genetic mouse model provide fundamental insights into mammary duct maturation and homeostasis and reveal that Scrib loss activates a MAPK/Fra1 pathway that alters mammary progenitor activity to drive premalignancy and accelerate tumour progression.
Supporting Context-Awareness in Adaptive Service Composition

Wind turbine apparatus is described for converting wind energy into electrical energy. The apparatus includes a rotatable central shaft, a plurality of rotor blades attached to the central shaft, and a plurality of convex airfoils spaced around the periphery of the rotor blades. The ratio of the number of rotor blades to the number of airfoils is at least 1.25 to 1. The size of the apparatus may vary, and the apparatus is useful in a variety of applications and environments. It is very efficient in converting wind energy to electrical energy. It may be operated even in very high wind conditions.
Leakage analysis of crossbar memristor arrays

Crossbar memristor arrays provide a promising high density alternative for the current memory and storage technologies. These arrays suffer from parasitic current components that significantly increase the power consumption, and could ruin the readout operation. In this work we study the trade-off between the crossbar array density and the power consumption required for its readout. Our analysis is based on simulating full memristor arrays on a SPICE platform.
Non-cryptographic methods of MAC spoof detection in wireless LAN

The immense growth of wireless network makes it prone to number of security threats. Most prevalent among them are spoof threats, in which one network device changes its network identifiers to that of another network device. One of the possible reasons of spoofing in wireless network is that per-frame source authentication is not provided. Full scale authentication can be provided, but it is not always desirable as it requires reliable key management. The attacker can further launch Denial of Service attacks by spoofing deauthentication/disassociation or power saving frames, can bypass the access control list or can falsely advertise services to wireless clients. This paper discusses some of the non cryptographic techniques to detect MAC spoofing along with their pros and cons and the network scenarios in which they can be used. Analysis of these techniques is done on data captured from live test bed. The information in this paper can help the wireless equipment manufacturers to implement intrusion detection systems capable of detecting MAC address spoofing efficiently with least number of false alarms.
A phase 1 / 1 b study of rituximab , bendamustine , and ibrutinib in patients with untreated and relapsed / refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Ibrutinib is an oral inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, a protein critical to the B-cell receptor signaling cascade, with significant single agent activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and the activated B-cell (ABC) subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL). In a phase 1 trial of ibrutinib in B-cell malignancies, grade 3 to 4 toxicity consisted of neutropenia (12.5%) and thrombocytopenia (7.2%), and overall response (OR) rate was 60%, with responses observed in patients with MCL, follicular lymphoma (FL), DLCL, marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13.6 months. In a pivotal phase 2 trial in MCL, OR was 68%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 21% and an estimatedmedian PFS of 13.9months (95%CI, 7.0 to not reached). In a similar phase 2 trial in DLCL, the OR was 22%; however, responses were primarily restricted to patients with the ABC subtype of DLCL (OR 40% in ABC DLCL compared with 5% in germinal center B-cell [GCB] DLCL). PFS was 2.5 months in the patients with ABC DLCL. Bendamustine combined with rituximab (R-bendamustine) is also an effective therapy for patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/ refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In patients with relapsed indolent NHL andMCL, OR is 90% to 92% with 41% to 60% CRs and a median PFS of 23 to 24 months. Toxicities with R-bendamustine are predominantly hematologic, including grade 3 to 4 neutropenia (36%), thrombocytopenia (6%), febrile neutropenia (6%), and infection (10%). In the front-line setting for patients with indolent NHL or MCL, R-bendamustine is particularly active with OR of 93% to 97% and median PFS as long as 69 months. In patients with relapsed DLCL, R-bendamustine results in OR of 46% to 63% (CR 15% to 37%) with median PFS of 3.6 to 6.7 months. Based on the significant efficacy and tolerability of R-bendamustine in the front-line and relapsed settings, a number of recent trials have safely added novel agents including bortezomib and lenalidomide to R-bendamustine. Herein, we report the first phase 1/1b combination study of R-bendamustine and ibrutinib in patients with newly diagnosed MCL and relapsed or refractory indolent, MCL, and DLCL NHL.