Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A reversible thermoresponsive sealant for temporary closure of ocular trauma

A smart hydrogel can be used as an effective and safe reversible sealant for management of ocular trauma. A sealant to save sight Traumatic eye injuries require rapid treatment to prevent deterioration of vision. As an alternative to suturing or adhesives, Bayat and colleagues developed a temperature-responsive synthetic hydrogel that acts as a temporary sealant. Testing the hydrogel in a model of open globe injury in rabbits showed that the sealant was easily deployed from a custom-designed temperature-controlled syringe device and preserved intraocular pressure without evidence of chronic inflammation or toxicity. After gelation, the sealant could be removed by exposure to cold water. In combat or low-resource settings, this hydrogel could close wounds temporarily to prevent further tissue damage or vision loss before surgery. Open globe injuries are full-thickness injuries sustained to the eye wall (cornea or sclera), which cause immediate drops in intraocular pressure that may lead to retinal detachment and permanent vision loss if not treated rapidly after injury. The current standard of care for open globe injuries consists of suturing the margins closed, but the technique can be time-consuming, requires specialized training and equipment, and can lead to patient discomfort, abrasion, and infection from eye rubbing. We engineered an injectable, thermoresponsive sealant (TRS) and a custom tool to occlude open globe injuries. The smart hydrogel sealant consists of physically cross-linked N-isopropylacrylamide copolymerized with butylacrylate. At low temperatures, it can be injected as a liquid, and when raised to body temperature, a heat-induced gelation converts the hydrogel into a solidified occlusion. The sealant can be repositioned or removed without causing additional trauma via exposure to cold water. In vitro and ex vivo assessments of mechanical adhesion to eye tissue revealed maintenance of intraocular pressure that is five times greater than the physiological range with reversible seal strength comparable to cyanoacrylate (super glue). In vivo assessment in a rabbit model of ocular trauma demonstrated ease of use for TRS deployment, statistically significant improvement in wound sealing, and no evidence of neurotoxicity, retinal tissue degradation, or significant chronic inflammatory response after 30 days of exposure. Given the advantages of body heat–induced gelation, rapid reversible occlusion, and in vivo safety and efficacy, shape-adaptable TRSs have translational potential as smart wound sealants for temporary occlusion of surgical incisions or traumatic injuries.
Alternation of Epirubicin and Mitoxantrone in CHOP-like Regimens Retains Efficacy and Reduces Overall Toxicity in Elderly Patients with High and Intermediate Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

Mitoxantrone and Epirubicin are active agents in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). These drugs have reduced cardiotoxicity and therefore are indicated in treatment of elderly patients. Cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine and methylprednisone (CNOP) and cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine and methylprednisone (CEOP) are combination chemotherapy and contain Mitoxantrone and Epirubicin that have been shown to be effective in treatment of NHL of intermediate and high grade of malignancy in the elderly. Since Mitoxantrone and Epirubicin are partially non-cross resistant their combined use may diminish emergence of resistant neoplastic clones and may be associated with enhanced anti-neoplastic activity. In this study, a polychemotherapy schedule alternating 3 cycles of CEOP and 3 cycles of CNOP, was used in a single center between December 1988 and April 1995 to treat 41 previously untreated patients, over 60 years of age affected by intermediate or high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to the Working Formulation. In treated patients, 57.5% achieved complete response, 35% partial response and 7.5% were non-responders. Overall survival was 52.4 % at 4 years, Disease free survival (DFS) for complete responders was 48.9%. Only one case of severe extrahematological toxicity (grade 3-4 WHO) was observed. Severe mucositis (grade 3-4 WHO) was absent, and delayed administration of chemotherapy was required in only 7/230 cycles. No treatment related deaths were registered. This regimen achieved results comparable to that of other anthracycline or mitoxantrone based chemotherapy, but determined lower toxicity. Alternating CEOP and CNOP may improve overall toxicity.
Review for Diagnostics of the Year: Multimodal Imaging in Behçet Uveitis

ABSTRACT Behçet disease is a chronic relapsing multisystem inflammatory disorder. Ocular involvement is characterized by a bilateral recurrent non-granulomatous panuveitis and retinal vasculitis. Posterior segment findings vary during the course of the disease, in parallel with the relapsing and remitting intraocular inflammation. Structural alterations occur with increased disease duration. Fluorescein angiography is the gold standard in revealing the extent and severity as well as the leaky and/or occlusive nature of retinal vasculitis. Multimodal imaging using color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography is essential in visualizing diagnostic features, detecting structural changes, and monitoring disease activity and response to treatment in patients with Behçet uveitis.
New and Emerging Strategies for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Several new drug therapies with beneficial effects on more than one of the cardiometabolic risk factors that contribute to the metabolic syndrome have been developed recently or are under investigation. Emerging risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), including low concentrations of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A‐1 (apoA‐1), high levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, and small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol particles, have been identified. We provide a detailed description of the mechanisms of action and findings from clinical trials of the new drug therapies and discuss established drug therapies with beneficial effects on emerging risk factors for CHD. The new and emerging drug therapies include an antiobesity agent that reduces atherogenic dyslipidemia and abnormal glucose metabolism; cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors that increase HDL cholesterol and apoA‐1 levels; glitazars that increase HDL cholesterol and decrease triglyceride concentrations, as well as improve abnormal glucose metabolism; and the amylin analog pramlintide and the incretin mimetic exenatide, both of which reduce body weight as well as improve abnormal glucose metabolism. The insulin‐sensitizing effects of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which may help prevent new‐onset diabetes mellitus, and the beneficial effects of the ARB telmisartan on the glucose and lipid profiles also are presented.
Semantic-driven Generation of Hyperlapse from $360^\circ$ Video

We present a system for converting a fully panoramic ($360^\circ$) video into a normal field-of-view (NFOV) hyperlapse for an optimal viewing experience. Our system exploits visual saliency and semantics to non-uniformly sample in space and time for generating hyperlapses. In addition, users can optionally choose objects of interest for customizing the hyperlapses. We first stabilize an input $360^\circ$ video by smoothing the rotation between adjacent frames and then compute regions of interest and saliency scores. An initial hyperlapse is generated by optimizing the saliency and motion smoothness followed by the saliency-aware frame selection. We further smooth the result using an efficient 2D video stabilization approach that adaptively selects the motion model to generate the final hyperlapse. We validate the design of our system by showing results for a variety of scenes and comparing against the state-of-the-art method through a user study.
Design of dielectric resonators oscillator for mobile WiMAX at 2,3 GHz with additional coupling λ/4

Oscillator is the source of energy for all microwave communication systems. In this research, oscillator using dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) will be designed. Comparing to other types of oscillators, DRO has a bigger value Q factor. Designed DRO is used as the carrier for the mobile WiMAX 802.16e at frequency 2,3 GHz. The dielectric resonator Trans-Tech 8500 Series Temperature Stable will be used. To obtain a high power fundamental, it is proposed to use an additional coupling λ/4 and double-stub as matching for reducing the harmonic power. Meanwhile, to obtain low phase noise, BFR 380T BJT low-phase noise with the bias of Vcc = 5 V, Vce = 3 V, and Ic = 40 mA is used. DRO is simulated using ADS software. The phase noise is −144 dBc / Hz at 10 kHz frequency carrier with a value of Q factor is 7316. The output power at the fundamental frequency is 13 dBm and second harmonic power is −40 dBm. A Monte-Carlo Yield Analysis simulation is used to simulate the performances varied with all the variation of tolerance. It is shown from Monte-Carlo-Yield Analysis simulation, DRO with an additional coupling λ/4 producing variations as same as specification with an average percentage is 84.5%. It is also shown from the results that the designed DRO with coupling λ/4 is better than DRO without additional coupling λ/4 with single-stub matching.
Code-injection Vulnerabilities in Web Applications — Exemplified at Cross-site Scripting

Abstract Cross-site Scripting (XSS) is one of the most prevalent vulnerability types that affect Web applications. This article provides an overview of a dissertation, which addresses the problem XSS as a whole: It starts with a systematic deduction of causes and consequences of XSS, proceeds with presenting countermeasures to mitigate potential XSS-based attacks, and finally provides a type-based methodology that guarantees the creation of XSS-free applications. Zusammenfassung Cross-site Scripting (XSS) ist eine der häufigsten Verwundbarkeitstypen im Bereich der Web Anwendungen. Die in diesem Artikel vorgestellte Dissertation behandelt das Problem XSS ganzheitlich: Basierend auf einer systematischen Erarbeitung der Ursachen und potentiellen Konsequenzen von XSS, wird zunächst eine Methodik vorgestellt, die das Design von dynamischen Gegenmaßnahmen zur Angriffseingrenzung erlaubt. Weiterhin, um das unterliegende Problem grundsätzlich anzugehen, wird ein Typ-basierter Ansatz zur sicheren Programmierung von Web Anwendungen beschrieben, der zuverlässigen Schutz vor XSS Lücken garantiert.
Simplified Building Models Extraction From Ultra-Light UAV Imagery

Generating detailed simpliﬁed building models such as the ones present on Google Earth is often a difﬁcult and lengthy manual task, requiring advanced CAD software and a combination of ground imagery, LIDAR data and blueprints. Nowadays, UAVs such as the Falcon 8 have reached the maturity to offer an affordable, fast and easy way to capture large amounts of oblique images covering all part of a building. In this paper we present a state-of-the-art photogrammetry and visual reconstruction pipeline provided by Pix4D applied to medium resolution imagery acquired by such UAVs. The key element of simpliﬁed building models extraction is the seamless integration of the outputs of such a pipeline for a ﬁnal manual reﬁnement step in order to minimize the amount of manual work
Head and Neck Paragangliomas: Value of Contrast-Enhanced 3D MR Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A rapid and accurate MR imaging technique would be beneficial to assess paragangliomas in the head and neck and to distinguish them from other lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the combination of elliptic centric contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) and unenhanced and enhanced spin-echo imaging (conventional MR imaging) is more accurate than conventional MR imaging alone to assess paragangliomas in the head and neck. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three radiologists retrospectively and independently reviewed CE-MRA and conventional MR imaging in 27 patients with suspected paragangliomas. The overall image quality and the probability of paraganglioma were recorded. The results of each technique and their combination were analyzed for sensitivity and specificity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed by using histologic analysis, imaging, and/or clinical findings as the reference standard. RESULTS: Forty-six lesions were found in 27 patients. In the assessment of paragangliomas, the combination of conventional MR imaging and CE-MRA was significantly superior to conventional MR imaging alone. Sensitivity and specificity respectively were the following: for CE-MRA, 100% and 94%; and for conventional MR imaging, 94% and 41%. The specificity of CE-MRA was significantly higher than that of conventional MR imaging (P = .004). There was good-to-excellent interobserver agreement for the paraganglioma probability with CE-MRA (nonweighted κ, 0.67–0.77), whereas there was fair-to-good interobserver agreement with conventional MR imaging (nonweighted κ, 0.50–0.65). CONCLUSION: In combination with conventional MR imaging, CE-MRA yields an excellent diagnostic value for the assessment of head and neck paragangliomas; hence, the 2 techniques should be regarded as complementary.
Chemical Decontamination with N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine–Sodium Hydroxide Improves Recovery of Viable Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Organisms from Cultured Milk

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is shed into the milk and feces of cows with advanced Johne's disease, allowing the transmission of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis between animals. The objective of this study was to formulate an optimized protocol for the isolation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk. The parameters investigated included chemical decontamination with N-acetyl-l-cysteine–sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH), alone and in combination with antibiotics (vancomycin, amphotericin B, and nalidixic acid), and the efficacy of solid (Herrold's egg yolk medium [HEY]) and liquid (Bactec 12B and para-JEM) culture media. For each experiment, raw milk samples from a known noninfected cow were inoculated with 102 to 108 CFU/ml of live M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis organisms. The results indicate that an increased length of exposure to NALC-NaOH from 5 to 30 min and an increased concentration of NaOH from 0.5 to 2.0% did not affect the viability of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Additional treatment of milk samples with the antibiotics following NALC-NaOH treatment decreased the recovery of viable M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells more than treatment with NALC-NaOH alone. The Bactec 12B medium was the superior medium of the three evaluated for the isolation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis from milk, as it achieved the lowest threshold of detection. The optimal conditions for NALC-NaOH decontamination were determined to be exposure to 1.50% NaOH for 15 min followed by culture in Bactec 12B medium. This study demonstrates that chemical decontamination with NALC-NaOH resulted in a greater recovery of viable M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells from milk than from samples treated with hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HPC). Therefore, it is important to optimize milk decontamination protocols to ensure that low concentrations of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis can be detected.
The conserved metalloprotease invadolysin localizes to the surface of lipid droplets

Invadolysin is a metalloprotease conserved in many different organisms, previously shown to be essential in Drosophila with roles in cell division and cell migration. The gene seems to be ubiquitously expressed and four distinct splice variants have been identified in human cells but not in most other species examined. Immunofluorescent detection of human invadolysin in cultured cells reveals the protein to be associated with the surface of lipid droplets. By means of subcellular fractionation, we have independently confirmed the association of invadolysin with lipid droplets. We thus identify invadolysin as the first metalloprotease located on these dynamic organelles. In addition, analysis of larval fat-body morphological appearance and triglyceride levels in the Drosophila invadolysin mutant suggests that invadolysin plays a role in lipid storage or metabolism.
Parental Support Buffering the Effect of Violence on Adolescents’ Depression

In Mexico violence across the country has increased in recent years and has become a social problem of great importance. The continuous exposure to all types of interpersonal violence leads adolescents to cope with experiences and challenges of great risk of development deviations. Trying to find a more comprehensive understanding of violence outcomes on Mexican adolescents and its moderators, the present quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional correlation study was performed. Parental support (vs. other sort of social support) was proposed to be a relevant moderator factor for decreasing the negative outcomes of violence exposure on depression, and gender was predicted to play a role in this process. A two-way interaction between violence exposure and parental support was only significant in the case of adolescent girls, whereas there was no evidence of such moderation for adolescent boys. The effect of exposure to violence on girls’ depression was stronger when their parental support was relatively low than when their parental support was relatively high. Parental support may serve as a protective factor of depression after violence exposure especially for girls, whereas more research should be conducted in order to detect an efficient protective mechanism for boys who are exposed to violence.
Development of Polysaccharide-Based Colon Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Amoebiasis

ABSTRACT The main focus of this study is to develop colon targeted drug delivery systems for metronidazole (MTZ). Tablets were prepared using various polysaccharides or indigenously developed graft copolymer of methacrylic acid with guar gum (GG) as a carrier. Various polysaccharides such as GG, xanthan gum, pectin, carrageenan, β-cyclodextrin (CD) or methacrylic acid-g-guar (MAA-g-GG) gum have been selected and evaluated. The prepared tablets were tested in vitro for their suitability as colon-specific drug delivery systems. To further improve the colon specificity, some selected tablet formulations were enteric coated with Eudragit-L 100 to give protection in an acidic environment. Drug release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) for 2 hr followed by simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) at pH 7.4. The dissolution data demonstrate that the rate of drug release is dependent upon the nature and concentration of polysaccharide/polymer used in the formulations. Uncoated tablets containing xanthan gum or mixture of xanthan gum with graft copolymer showed 30–40% drug release during the initial 4–5 hr, whereas for tablets containing GG with the graft copolymer, it was 70%. After enteric coating, the release was drastically reduced to 18–24%. The other polysaccharides were unable to protect drug release under similar conditions. Preparations with xanthan gum as a matrix showed the time-dependent release behavior. Further, in vitro release was performed in the dissolution media with rat caecal contents. Results indicated an enhanced release when compared to formulations studied in dissolution media without rat caecal contents, because of microbial degradation or polymer solubilization. The nature of drug transport was found to be non-Fickian in case of uncoated formulations, whereas for the coated formulations, it was found to be super-Case-II. Statistical analyses of release data indicated that MTZ release is significantly affected by the nature of the polysaccharide used and enteric coating of the tablet. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated the presence of crystalline nature of drug in the formulations.
Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research in Dissemination and Implementation Science: Introduction to the Special Issue

This special issue provides examples of how qualitative and mixed methods research approaches can be used in dissemination and implementation science. In this introductory article, we provide a brief rationale for why and how qualitative and mixed methods approaches can be useful in moving the field forward. Specifically, we provide a brief primer on common qualitative methods, including a review of guidelines provided by the National Institutes of Health. Next, we introduce the six articles in the issue. The first of the articles by Palinkas represents a more thorough and authoritative discussion related to qualitative methods, using the other five articles in the issue (and other published works) as examples. The remaining five articles are empirical and/or descriptive articles of recently completed or ongoing qualitative or mixed methods studies related to dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices for children and adolescents.
Agriculture-Nutrition Linkages and Child Health in the Presence of Conflict in Nepal

Much policy and research attention has focused on the relationship between agriculture and nutrition. We extend this analysis to the context of Nepal’s decade-long civil conflict. Understanding how conflict or similar stress mitigates the agriculture-nutrition linkage is essential to developing impactful agriculture and nutrition policy in potential conflict zones. To our knowledge, there is no prior empirical work on the link between agriculture and nutrition in the context of conflict. We find a robust relationship between milk consumption and anthropometric outcomes. We also show a positive link between milk production and milk consumption at the household level. We find significant negative relationships between conflict and milk consumption for households owning few livestock while such relationships do not exist for larger holders. We attribute these heterogeneous effects to conflict-related productivity declines and milk price increases, both of which disproportionately affect households with fewer livestock and lower milk-production capacity. Among rural households in Nepal, milk production could serve as a nutritional buffer in times of conflict or other stress, and thus, policies that promote households’ livestock production could be effective measures in improving resilience of the rural poor against shocks that negatively affect child health outcomes.
Modelling of nanowire FETs based neural network for tactile pattern recognition in E-skin

This paper presents device, circuit and system modelling to validate the use of neural nanowire FETs (u-NWFETs) towards a hardware-realizable Neural Network. Hardware neural networks are promising for neuromorphic computing and have many prospective applications for bi-directional interface in prosthetics, and electroceuticals etc. Device simulation of a u-NWFET has been carried out followed by circuit implementation to validate the use of silicon nanowires (Si-NWs) as neuronal elements. A system level simulation of 258 neurons (225 sensor neurons, 50 hidden layer neurons and 3 output layer neurons) has been performed to demonstrate tactile pattern recognition. Training has been carried out and validation of the trained network gives an accurate classification of a database of 50 tactile images into 3 classifiers.