Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mitochondrial genome of the common cattle grub, Hypoderma lineatum

The mitochondrial DNA of the cattle grub Hypoderma lineatum (de Villers) (Diptera: Oestridae) was completely sequenced. The entire molecule was 16 354 bp long and presented a heavy bias towards A + T, which accounted for 77.8% of the whole genome. Hypoderma lineatum genes were organized in the same order and orientation as in the mitochondrial genomes available for other species belonging to the Oestroidea superfamily and compared in this study [Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and Dermatobia hominis (L.)], except for the occurrence of a 102‐bp non‐coding region partially present in other species. The complete sequence of H. lineatum will represent a useful dataset to evaluate the evolutionary pattern of mtDNA within Oestroidea by using molecular information in diagnostic, taxonomic and evolutionary studies.
Dialogue Management based on Multi-domain Corpus

Dialogue Management (DM) is a key issue in Spoken Dialogue System. Most of the existing data-driven DM schemes train the dialogue policy for some specific domain (or vertical domain), only using the dialogue corpus in this domain, which might suffer from the scarcity of dialogue corpus in some domains. In this paper, we divide Dialogue Act (DA), as semantic representation of utterance, into DA type and slot parameter, where the former one is domain-independent and the latter one is domain-specific. Firstly, based on multiple-domain dialogue corpus, the DA type prediction model is trained via Recurrent Neutral Networks (RNN). Moreover, DA type decision problem is modeled as a multi-order POMDP, and transformed to be a one-order MDP with continuous states, which is solved by Natural Actor Critic (NAC) algorithm and applicable for every domain. Furthermore, a slot parameter selection scheme is designed to generate a complete machine DA according to the features of specific domain, which yields the Multi-domain Corpus based Dialogue Management (MCDM) scheme. Finally, extensive experimental results illustrate the performance improvement of the MCDM scheme, compared with the existing schemes.
Whole-body motion retargeting using constrained smoothing and functional principle component analysis

This paper presents a novel retargeting framework for humanoid robots that allows flexible motion representation and motion synthesis with smoothing with constraints and functional principle component analysis (Functional PCA). Constrained smoothing consists in computing base functions through optimizations with constraints including mechanical limits and stability conditions. By applying Functional PCA that is a statistic method describing given motions with principal components of functions, a variety of different motions can be expressed with a small number of parameters. We apply the proposed framework to whole-body “squat” motions to reveal that those motions can practically be classified with two components. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by dynamic simulations and experiments with the humanoid robot HRP-4.
A review of recent advances on multimedia watermarking security and design implications for digital Quran computing

The explosion in the online propagation of digital multimedia suggests that such data is vulnerable to threats, data-manipulation and attack. This problem is further exacerbated when dealing with highly sensitive digital multimedia content such as the Holy Quran, in which the modification/corruption of a single character, diacritic or symbol would regard the entire content as invalid. Hence, the protection of sensitive data and Quran multimedia data in particular is essential to ensure that only the original non-tampered data is propagated with no distortion. Protection schemes include verifying integrity, proof-of-authenticity, tamper-detection and copyright protection. A technique in the literature used to provide the necessary security for such digital content is known as digital watermarking. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in digital text, image and audio watermarking applicable to sensitive digital content and discusses how those approaches can achieve the required protection, measured against relevant performance metrics and set according to their respective environments and digital formats being used. The main goal of this paper is to provide an effective study by which to develop new techniques and approaches for the protection of sensitive multimedia content.
Within-List Retroactive Inhibition in Free Recall as a Function of List Organization.

Several studies in the past few years have demonstrated that the amount of retroactive inhibition observed in a free-recall experiment can be manipulated by either changing or keeping constant the organization of a second list (Shuell, 1968; Thompson and Poling, 1969; Watts and Anderson, 1969). These experiments involved presenting subjects an interpolated list that contained words either from the same categories as in list 1 or from different categories; the result was greater retroactive inhibition in the former instance. Recently, Wood (1970) has demonstrated that a similar effect can be obtained by instructing subjects to use a similar or dissimilar organizational scheme for successively presented lists. Wood's experiments involved the use of the same lists of words. The only difference between the experimental conditions was that some subjects were encouraged to use the same organization for the successively learned lists whereas others were encouraged to use different organizations. The present study is similar to Wood's in that organization of the two lists was manipulated by instructions to the subjects. It differs from previous studies in that it attempted also to demonstrate differential item loss within list 1 as a function of organizational overlap with list 2. The lists for the present study were constructed such that half of the items in list 1 had a specific organizational overlap with list 2 items for those subjects instructed to use a similar organization on both lists. The prediction was that there would be greater retroactive inhibition for list 1 items having a specific organizational overlap than there would be for items not subject to overlap.
INVOLVEMENT OF INDOLE‐3‐ACETIC ACID PRODUCED BY THE GROWTH‐PROMOTING BACTERIUM AZOSPIRILLUM SPP. IN PROMOTING GROWTH OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS 1

Involvement of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), produced by the microalgae‐growth‐promoting bacteria Azospirillum brasilens and A. lipoferum, in promoting growth of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris Beij. was studied. Four wildtype strains of Azospirillum and their IAA‐deficient mutants were co‐immobilized with C. vulgaris in alginate beads. Cultures were grown in synthetic growth medium supplemented with tryptophan. Growth promotion of microalgae and production of exogenous IAA by Azospirillum spp. were monitored. All wildtype Azospirillum spp. produced significant but varying amounts of IAA, while their mutant forms produced significantly less. The results demonstrated a significant growth promotion in Chlorella cultures when immobilized with the four wildtype strains of Azospirillum, while very low or no enhanced growth was induced by the four IAA‐deficient mutants, compared to when C. vulgaris is immobilized alone. A complementation experiment, where an IAA‐attenuated mutant (A. brasilense SpM7918) was supplemented with IAA produced by its parental wildtype strain (A. brasilense Sp6), restored growth promotion in the microalgae‐mutant culture.
Supporting African American Student Success Through Prophetic Activism

This article describes how African American students’ success can be improved via the increased support of Black churches and their partnerships with public schools. Findings and implications from a comparative case study of two North Carolina churches that strive to educationally assist African American public school students are detailed. Both churches have outreach programs in local schools, and their activities indicate the value of faith-based partnerships embodying “prophetic activism” that benefits broader communities and empowers African Americans overall. We draw upon the study’s findings to recommend partnership strategies for church and public educational leaders.
198,199,200,201,202,204Hg(n, gamma ) cross sections and the termination of s-process nucleosynthesis.

The neutron capture cross sections of 198,199,200,201,20 2,204Hg(n,.gamma.) were measured in the energy range 2.6 to 500 keV. The average capture cross sections were calculated and fitted in terms of strength functions. Resonance parameters for the observed resonances were determined by a shape analysis. Maxwellian averaged capture cross sections were computed for thermal energies kT between 5 and 100 keV. The solar mercury abundance was determined to be 0.34 +- 0.04 relative to Si = 10/sup 6/. The termination of s-process nucleosynthesis at lead and bismuth was investigated. The abundances of /sup 206,207,208/Pb were reproduced introducing a strong fluence component of the s process in addition to normal s- and r-process nucleosynthesis. The radiogenic /sup 207/Pb abundance was determined and the r-process age was calculated via /sup 235/U. Using Fowler's exponential model, an age T = 4.6 Gyr +. delta. = 17.2 +- 2.6 Gyr was obtained.
Speaker perspective in language acquisition

When speakers decide to represent an event linguistically, they often have to choose among available words and constructions. Their language offers more than one conventional means for representing that event. Such options allow speakers to take different perspectives on the event, and to indicate what their perspective is on that occasion, to their addresses. In acquiring a language, then, children must learn how specific choices in a language incorporate speaker perspective as part of the meaning being expressed. Speaker perspective can be marked in lexical and constructional choices as well as in deictic choices. It can also be marked in verbs through choices of transitivity, voice, or aspect. This paper reviews some of the research on acquisition pertinent to the linguistic representation of speaker perspective. Compare They're coming with They're going. In the first instance, the speaker, by using come, 'positions himself at the destination to which 'they' are directing their motion and so takes the perspective of someone at the destination of the motion. In the second, the speaker, by using go, remains at the starting point from which 'they' leave. The verbs come and go, in other words, convey the speaker's PERSPECTIVE on the event being talked about. Deictic verbs like come and go, the locatives here and there, and the demonstratives this and that have long been recognized as elements that conventionally mark a particular viewpoint on an event. But many other lexical and constructional choices also serve this function. Consider the verbs hit and beat. As Fillmore (1977) pointed out, hit allows the speaker to present either of two perspectives: that of the actor (7) and manipulated object (the stick), as in (la), or that of the actor (/) and affected object (the fence), as in (Ib): (1) a. I hit the stick against the fence, b. I hit the fence with the stick. Linguistics 28 (1990), 1201-1220 0024-3949/90/0028-1201 $2.00
Practitioner Review: Psychological treatments for children and adolescents with conduct disorder problems – a systematic review and meta‐analysis

BACKGROUND This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments for conduct disorder (CD) problems in children and adolescents, based on child, parent and teacher report. METHODS PubMed, PsycINFO and EMBASE were searched for peer-reviewed articles published between January 1970 and March 2015. Main inclusion criteria were nonpharmacological treatment, participants younger than 18 years, clinical CD problems/diagnosis, randomized controlled trials and inclusion of at least one CD problem-related outcome. Treatment efficacy is expressed in effect sizes (ESs) calculated for each rater (parent, teacher, self and blinded observer). RESULTS Of 1,549 articles retrieved, 17 (published between June 2004 and January 2014) describing 19 interventions met the inclusion criteria. All studies used psychological treatments; only three studies included a blinded observer to rate CD problems. Most studies were of very poor to fair quality. ESs were significant but small for parent-reported outcomes (0.36, 95% CI = 0.27-0.47), teacher-reported outcomes (0.26, 95% CI = 0.12-0.49) and blinded observer outcomes (0.26, 95% CI = 0.06-0.47), and they were nonsignificant for self-reported outcomes (-0.01, 95% CI = -0.25 to 0.23). Comorbidity, gender, age, number of sessions, duration, intervention type, setting, medication use or dropout percentage did not influence the effect of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Psychological treatments have a small effect in reducing parent-, teacher- and observer-rated CD problems in children and adolescents with clinical CD problems/diagnosis. There is not enough evidence to support one specific psychological treatment over another. Future studies should investigate the influence of participant characteristics (e.g. age of CD onset), use more homogeneous outcome measures and allow better evaluation of study quality. Many reports failed to provide detailed information to allow optimization of psychological treatment strategies.
The Significance of Social Support on Parenting Among a Group of Single, Low-Income, African American Mothers

Abstract This study investigates social support among a cohort of low-income African American single mothers (N = 135) and its potential to influence the quality of their parenting. Social support was measured using The Social Support Behaviors (SS-B) Scale, which measures support from family and friends. Two aspects of parenting were investigated, including the mother's satisfaction with her parenting (measured using the Kansas Parental Satisfaction Scale) and the mother's success and effectiveness as parents (measured by the Parent Success Indicator for Parents). Mothers reported high levels of parent satisfaction and high levels of parent success. Mothers also described high levels of social support from friends and family. A minimal relationship was found between social support and parenting. Results also indicate a stronger relationship between support from family and parenting. Implications of these outcomes for psychosocial development and professional social work with single low-income African American mothers and their families are discussed.
“Historical and Philosophical Foundations of Education.”

education marks a modification in the organization of the REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH. The history of education has received no systematic attention since the issues of October 1936 and October 1939, and the philosophy of education has been treated since 1942 as incidental to the problems of learning, teaching, and curriculum (June 1942, June 1945, June 1948, and June 1951). The present re-examination of the history and philosophy of education as disciplines worthy of special attention in the foundational approach to education is thus noteworthy. It is clear, from the renewed interest in both fields and from the rich and abundant writing that has been done in the last 10 years, that attention to these topics is justified. In view of the fact that history and philosophy have not been covered in recent issues of the REVIEW, this chapter will attempt to touch the high spots of research and publication since the close of World War II. This means that periodical articles must be omitted, and only the most distinctive, substantial, or recently published books may be mentioned. For further research in the history of education the reader is referred to the detailed bibliographies in Brickman (9, 10), Brubacher (12), and Butts (16) and for philosophy of education in Brameld (8), Brickman (9), and Brubacher (13). Important as they are, no attention can be given to the many important books of research and interpretation in general history and philosophy which provide the fundamental disciplines upon which the history of education and philosophy of education must rest and from which they gain their nourishment and method.
DSC: Dynamic stripe construction for asynchronous encoding in clustered file system

Nowadays many clustered file systems adopt asynchronous encoding which transforms replicated data into erasure coding to maintain data availability with bounded storage overhead. Existing implementations of asynchronous encoding construct coding stripes with logically sequential data blocks, which suffers from heavy cross-rack traffic and necessitates data block redistribution. Recent work [12] solves this problem by carefully distributing replicated data blocks among racks at the time when they are being written, but it is not applicable to the cases when existing systems have different data layouts or the data layout changes. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Stripe Construction (DSC) to transform N-way replication to erasure coding. DSC does not induce to any cross-rack traffic for encoding, and it does not require data block redistribution after encoding. Besides, DSC is general enough to be applied to any existing CFSes with various erasure codes, and it can also be deployed on a distributed file system in a hot-plugging-in manner. To validate the effectiveness of DSC, we implement it on HDFS. Through extensive testbed experiments in a real storage cluster, we show that DSC can significantly increase the encoding throughput and reduce the foreground user response time over the traditional approach.
Performance Comparison of Overlapping Sound Event Detection Methods

Sound event detection is pivotal in various applications, including environmental monitoring and surveillance systems, enhancing situational awareness and response strategies. This paper investigates the intricacies of overlapping sound events, where multiple events occur concurrently, creating complexities in accurate detection. Traditional methods falter when confronted with this challenge, necessitating advanced approaches. This research pursues two primary objectives: comprehensive review of existing overlapping sound event detection methodologies and exploration of innovative solutions to enhance accuracy and robustness. Through meticulous analysis of prior research, this paper offers insights into field progress and identifies unexplored areas. Subsequent sections dissect existing methodologies, evaluating their strengths and limitations, and addressing challenges in common evaluation metrics and datasets. This paper contributes to the advancement of sound event detection technology, particularly in complex audio environments, promoting better solutions for real-world applications.
A prediction model for telecom customer lifecycle based-on CART tree

Customer life-cycle prediction is the key to achieve long-term customer value. Current methods of customer lifecycle prediction are built on complete database. While the transaction volume, number of transactions and other numerical information are missing, those methods do not work. Here we try to predict telecom customer lifecycle based on the database of off-net customer which has only the information of demographics, then extract the demographics of the determinants of the classification of customer lifecycle by CART tree, finally gain the lifecycle of in-net customer. This model is applied for telecom operator in some province in China and good accuracy is achieved.
Spatial-Aware Dictionary Learning for Hyperspectral Image Classification

This paper presents a structured dictionary-based model for hyperspectral data that incorporates both spectral and contextual characteristics of spectral samples. The idea is to partition the pixels of a hyperspectral image into a number of spatial neighborhoods called contextual groups and to model the pixels inside a group as members of a common subspace. That is, each pixel is represented using a linear combination of a few dictionary elements learned from the data, but since pixels inside a contextual group are often made up of the same materials, their linear combinations are constrained to use common elements from the dictionary. To this end, dictionary learning is carried out with a joint sparse regularizer to induce a common sparsity pattern in the sparse coefficients of a contextual group. The sparse coefficients are then used for classification using a linear support vector machine. Experimental results on a number of real hyperspectral images confirm the effectiveness of the proposed representation for hyperspectral image classification. Moreover, experiments with simulated multispectral data show that the proposed model is capable of finding representations that may effectively be used for classification of multispectral resolution samples.
Characterization of β-Adrenergic Receptors by (3H) Isoproterenol in Adipocytes of Humans and Rats

The specific binding of (3H) isoproterenol to isolated fat cells of human and rat was characterized. Binding of (3H) isoproterenol to isolated fat cells of rat was saturable with 420 pmol of (3H) isoproterenol bound/100 mg of lipid. Half-maximal saturation occurred at 5 microM providing an estimate of the equilibrium dissociation constant, KD, for the interaction of (3H) isoproterenol with its binding sites. Kinetic analysis of (3H) isoproterenol binding provided a value of 2.01 x 10(4) min-1. M-1 for the forward bimolecular rate constant, k1. Dissociation of (3H) isoproterenol was a first order reaction with a rate constant, k2, of 0.62 x 10(-1) min-1. The ratio k2/k1 = 3.07 microM provides an independent measurement of the KD for the interaction of (3H) isoproterenol with its binding sites which is in agreement with the values obtained by steady state analysis (3 to 5 microM). The apparent equilibrium dissociation constant, KD, for the interaction of (3H) isoproterenol with its receptor in human fat cells obtained by steady state analysis was 1 to 0.9 microM. Scatchard- and Hill-analysis suggest the possibility of different negatively cooperative interactions among the binding sites in human and rat. beta-Adrenergic agonists competed for the binding sites. The order of potency was isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than norepinephrine. Compounds such as DOPA, dopamine and (m-Hydroxyphenyl)2-methyl-aminoethanol which are structurally related to catecholamines had little or no affinity for (3H) isoproterenol binding sites.