Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Membrane microdomains and proteomics: Lessons from tetraspanin microdomains and comparison with lipid rafts

Biological membranes are compartmentalized into microdomains that exhibit particular lipid and protein compositions. Membrane microdomains, such as tetraspanin‐enriched microdomains and lipid rafts, have been suggested to play a role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, the characterization of the protein compositions of these microdomains, which is the focus of this review, appears to be a crucial step to better understanding their function. Proteomics has recently allowed the characterization of tetraspanin‐enriched microdomains in colon cancer cells. This demonstrated the presence of different categories of membrane proteins and suggested a variation in the composition of tetraspanin‐enriched microdomains during tumor progression. On the other hand, proteomics has permitted the identification of hundreds of proteins in lipid rafts of different origins. However, the diversity of methodologies in sample preparation and of strategies in protein identification led to a broad variability in the data obtained. These methodological issues are discussed. Moreover, proteomics has revealed that different sets of proteins were present in tetraspanin‐enriched microdomains as compared with lipid rafts, strengthening the idea that these microdomains are distinct structures.
REGION OF INTEREST DETECTION BASED ON HISTOGRAM SEGMENTATION FOR SATELLITE IMAGE

Abstract. High resolution satellite imaging is considered as the outstanding applicant to extract the Earth’s surface information. Extraction of a feature of an image is very difficult due to having to find the appropriate image segmentation techniques and combine different methods to detect the Region of Interest (ROI) most effectively. This paper proposes techniques to classify objects in the satellite image by using image processing methods on high-resolution satellite images. The systems to identify the ROI focus on forests, urban and agriculture areas. The proposed system is based on histograms of the image to classify objects using thresholding. The thresholding is performed by considering the behaviour of the histogram mapping to a particular region in the satellite image. The proposed model is based on histogram segmentation and morphology techniques. There are five main steps supporting each other; Histogram classification, Histogram segmentation, Morphological dilation, Morphological fill image area and holes and ROI management. The methods to detect the ROI of the satellite images based on histogram classification have been studied, implemented and tested. The algorithm is be able to detect the area of forests, urban and agriculture separately. The image segmentation methods can detect the ROI and reduce the size of the original image by discarding the unnecessary parts.
etermination of the optical properties of turbid media sing relative interstitial radiance measurements : onte Carlo study , experimental validation , nd sensitivity analysis

Alex Vitkin niversity of Toronto and Ontario Cancer Institute epartment of Medical Biophysics, Biophysics and Radiation Oncology oronto M5G 2M9, Canada Abstract. Interstitial quantification of the optical properties of tissue is important in biomedicine for both treatment planning of minimally invasive laser therapies and optical spectroscopic characterization of tissues, for example, prostate cancer. In a previous study, we analyzed a method first demonstrated by Dickey et al., Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 2359 2001 to utilize relative interstitial steady-state radiance measurements for recovering the optical properties of turbid media. The uniqueness of point radiance measurements were demonstrated in a forward sense, and strategies were suggested for improving performance under noisy experimental conditions. In this work, we test our previous conclusions by fitting the P3 approximation for radiance to Monte Carlo predictions and experimental data in tissue-simulating phantoms. Fits are performed at: 1. a single sensor position 0.5 or 1 cm , 2. two sensor positions 0.5 and 1 cm , and 3. a single sensor position 0.5 or 1 cm with input knowledge of the sample’s effective attenuation coefficient. The results demonstrate that single sensor radiance measurements can be used to retrieve optical properties to within 20%, provided the transport albedo is greater than 0.9. Furthermore, compared to the single sensor fits, employing radiance data at two sensor positions did not significantly improve the accuracy of recovered optical properties. However, with knowledge of the effective attenuation coefficient of the medium, optical properties can be retrieved experimentally to within 10% for an albedo greater or equal to 0.5. © 2007 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. DOI: 10.1117/1.2821406
Some Xylaria species on termite nests

Xylaria arenicola, X. brasiliensis, X. escharoidea, X. furcata, X. nigripes, X. piperiformis and X. rhizomorpha represent ancient names of fungi known to inhabit abandoned termite nests. We attempt to redescribe them and to reduce the confusion among them. Xylaria tanganyikaensis and X. readeri, species that might be associated with termite nests, are described. We describe a new variety, X. furcata var. hirsuta, and discuss an unnamed fungus that probably represents a new species. Photographs and a key are presented to aid the identification of these taxa.
Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure on DNA transposition in relation to frequency, wave shape and exposure time

Purpose: To examine the effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure on transposon (Tn) mobility in relation to the exposure time, the frequency and the wave shape of the field applied. Materials and methods: Two Escherichia coli model systems were used: (1) Cells unable to express β-galactosidase (LacZ-), containing a mini-transposon Tn10 element able to give ability to express β-galactosidase (LacZ+) upon its transposition; therefore in these cells transposition activity can be evaluated by analysing LacZ+ clones; (2) cells carrying Fertility plasmid (F+), and a Tn5 element located on the chromosome; therefore in these cells transposition activity can be estimated by a bacterial conjugation assay. Cells were exposed to sinusoidal (SiMF) or pulsed-square wave (PMF) magnetic fields of various frequencies (20, 50, 75 Hz) and for different exposure times (15 and 90 min). Results: Both mini-Tn10 and Tn5 transposition decreased under SiMF and increased under PMF, as compared to sham exposure control. No significant difference was found between frequencies and between exposure times. Conclusions: ELF-MF exposure affects transposition activity and the effects critically depend on the wave shape of the field, but not on the frequency and the exposure time, at least in the range observed.
Apparent horizons for boosted or spinning black holes.

As part of an ongoing study of initial data for black-hole collisions, we examine the apparent horizons in initial-data sets for a single black hole with either translational or rotational velocity constructed using a systematic and easily generalized formalism. The apparent-horizon equation is formulated as a boundary-value problem that, with small changes, will be applicable to nonaxisymmetric problems. We find all apparent horizons in our numerically generated sets of initial data. A previously known exact result for spinning holes is reproduced numerically. We find new results, both exact and numerical, for the apparent horizons of black holes with linear momentum. In some of these cases an interesting structure emerges in which the apparent horizons and minimal surface intersect one another.
Finding Process Variants in Event Logs

The analysis of event data is particularly challenging when there is a lot of variability. Often, there are different variants of the same process, thus cluttering the overall representations of these processes, such as process models. Therefore, it is important to automatically detect process variants and support the analysis of individual variants and their comparison. Existing approaches can detect variants in very specific settings (e.g., changes of control-flow over time), or do not use statistical testing to decide whether a variant is relevant or not. In this paper, we introduce an unsupervised and generic technique to detect significant variants in event logs by applying existing, well-proven data mining techniques for recursive partitioning driven by conditional inference over event attributes. The discovered variants can be compared to spot differences in performance, resource utilization, etc. The approach has been fully implemented and is freely available as a ProM plugin. We evaluated our approach by successfully rediscovering deliberate performance issues injected to an artificial dataset. Finally, we validated our approach by applying it to a real-life event log obtained from a multinational Spanish telecommunications and broadband company, obtaining valuable insights directly from the event
A software technique to enhance register utilization of Convolutional Neural Networks on GPGPUs

CNNs (Convolutional Neural Networks) have demonstrated superior results in a wide range of applications. However, the time-consuming convolution operations required by CNNs pose great challenges to designers. GPGPUs (General Purpose Graphic Processing Units) have been widely used to exploiting the massive parallelism of convolution operations. This paper proposes a software-based loop-unrolling technique to enhance the data usage on the registers and significantly improve the overall performance. The experimental results on a cycle-accurate GPGPU simulator have shown that the proposed technique can achieve up to 71% performance enhancement when compared with the reference design.
Activation of neurohypophysial vasopressin release by Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ accumulation in the rat.

1. Isolated rat neurohypophyses were stimulated electrically in an in vitro perifusion system. A Ca2(+)‐sensitive microelectrode was placed in the centre of each neurohypophysis and [Ca2+]o decrease evoked by the stimulation were determined. 2. In neurohypophyses injected with Fura‐2 AM (acetoxymethyl ester), increases and decreases in fluorescence excited at 340 and 380 nm, respectively, were evoked by stimulation. The time course of the fluorescence changes was similar to that of [Ca2+]o decreases, suggesting that the [Ca2+]o changes mirrored [Ca2+]i increases. 3. Calcium influx into neurosecretory axons and terminals was estimated as the difference in [Ca2+]o decrease rates immediately before and after train pulse stimulation. 4. Vasopressin release from the neurohypophysis, measured by specific radioimmunoassay, was facilitated by stimulation in parallel with a parameter of [Ca2+]o decrease multiplied by Ca2+ influx. 5. The O2 consumption rate, estimated as rate of PO2 decrease in the tissue, was facilitated by stimulation in parallel with [Ca2+]o decreases. 6. Possible calcium‐dependent mechanisms of vasopressin release, and the energy‐dependent step of the release by Ca2+, are discussed.
Expert system with an adaptive fuzzy inference module

An adaptive fuzzy expert system (AFES) is constructed as a hybrid in which an adaptive fuzzy inference module is combined with a neural network and equipped with a preprocessor of input data, user interface and a knowledge acquisition and modification unit. The adaptive fuzzy inference module (AFIM) is based on generalized Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy "If-Then" rules, forms of which have fuzzy sets involved only in premise parts, while consequent parts (i.e. the output of each rule) are functions of input variables. The final output of the module is the weighted sum of all the rule's output. The basic idea of AFIM is to realize a process of fuzzy reasoning and to express parameters of fuzzy reasoning by connection weights of a neural network and by forms of 4-parameter membership functions of fuzzy sets. The system is constructed for the needs of an opto-computer system for diagnosis of surface imperfections of technological elements. Similar systems can be useful in other situations, for example in the case of experimental results in which the data are imprecise and a unique functional relation between inputs and outputs is not reachable by means of classical methods.
Formulation of intranasal mucoadhesive temperature-mediated in situ gel containing ropinirole and evaluation of brain targeting efficiency in rats

Mucoadhesive temperature-mediated in situ gel formulations using chitosan and hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose were used to enhance intranasal (i.n.) delivery of the dopamine D2 agonist ropinirole to the brain. Formulations were tested for gelation time, thermosensitivity, mucoadhesion, in vitro release and permeation, in vitro cytotoxicity, nasal clearance, in vivo bioavailability and brain uptake. In vivo bioavailability and brain uptake of ropinirole were assessed in albino rats following intranasal administration of 99mTc-ropinirole in situ gel, intranasal ropinirole solution and intravenous (i.v.) ropinirole solution. Radiolabeled ropinirole uptake was calculated as a fraction of administered dose. The absolute bioavailabilty of ropinirole from the temperature-mediated in situ gelling nasal formulation was 82%. The AUC 0–480 min in brain after nasal administration of ropinirole in situ gel was 8.5 times (869 ± 250% · min/g versus 102 ± 20% · min/g) that obtained following i.v. administration, this value was also considerably higher (869 ± 250% · min/g versus 281 ± 52% · min/g) than that achieved with intranasal ropinirole solution. High brain direct drug transport percentage (DTP; 90.36%) and drug targeting index (DTI) > 1 confirms direct nose to brain transport of the intranasal in situ gel formulation of ropinirole.
Developing sugar cane yield prediction algorithms from satellite imagery

THE RESEARCH PRESENTED in this paper discusses the accuracies of remote sensing and GIS as yield prediction tools at both a regional and crop scale over three Australian cane growing regions; Bundaberg, Burdekin and the Herbert. For the Burdekin region, the prediction of total tonnes of cane per hectare (TCH) produced from 4999 crops during the 2011 season was 99% using an algorithm derived from 2010 imagery (green normalised difference vegetation index) and average yield (TCH) data extracted from 4573 crops. Similar accuracies were produced for the Bundaberg region during 2010 (95.5% from 3544 blocks) and 2011 (91.5% for 3824 crops) using a Bundaberg specific algorithm derived from 2008–2010 imagery and yield data. The Bundaberg algorithm was also accurate in predicting yield at specific in-crop locations (91.5% accuracy; SE = 0.028).
Characterization of THz emitter based on a high-speed p-i-n photodiode

This paper presents the characterization of a highspeed micro-sized p-i-n photodiode integrated with a circularly toothed log periodic planar antenna employed as a THz emitter. The optical system is based on 1.55 mum wavelength lasers, that allows the use of highly developed components of optical telecommunication.
Connaissances, procédures et production orale en L2

Les modeles emergentistes de l’acquisition des L2 postulent une acquisition du langage qui ne differe pas – du point de vue des processus a l’œuvre – de toute autre acquisition effectuee par l’etre humain. La psychologie cognitive fait une distinction fondamentale entre les connaissances declaratives et les connais­sances non-declaratives (ou procedures) et aussi entre les roles respectifs des differents types de connaissance dans la performance competente. Malgre une utilisation approximative de ces notions dans le domaine de l’Acquisition des L2 (AL2) – ou les connaissances declaratives correspondraient aux savoirs et les procedures aux savoir-faire – ce n’est que recemment que l’on tente d’identifier plus precisement ce qui constitue la base declarative et les procedures dans la production en L1 (Ullman et ses collegues). Nous allons decrire et analyser les structures d’hesitation dans un corpus oral en L2, comparant les productions les plus fluentes aux productions les plus disfluentes. Ces structures temporelles nous aideront a prendre une nouvelle perspective sur l’emergence de la competence orale en L2.
Characterization of the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to complement-mediated killing: role of antibodies to the rough lipopolysaccharide on serum-sensitive strains

The mechanism of complement-mediated killing of seven serum-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was examined. All seven strains were sensitive to the bactericidal activity of 20% pooled normal human serum (PNHS) containing magnesium EGTA, which blocks the classical complement pathway (CCP), or 20% PNHS preheated to 50 degrees C for 20 min, which inactivates the alternative complement pathway, suggesting that either pathway was effective against these strains. However, for four of these strains, optimal killing required the function of both pathways. Preabsorption of PNHS with serum-sensitive strains dramatically reduced the killing activity of serum for the homologous strains when a concentration of 10% serum was used, implying a role for antibody in the activation of complement via the CCP. Affinity purification of antibodies to the rough lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on strain 144M resulted in a pool of antibodies which could restore all of the bactericidal activity and most of the C3 activation-deposition activity of serum which had been lost by preabsorption with 144M. Confirmation that the LPS was the target for these bactericidal antibodies was provided by demonstrating that exogenously added 144M LPS inhibited the killing activity of PNHS. These anti-144M LPS-specific antibodies were also bactericidal for the six other serum-sensitive strains examined, suggesting that all seven strains shared an antigenic determinant recognized by these anti-144M LPS-specific antibodies. Results from cross-absorption studies imply that there are bactericidal antibodies in PNHS directed to additional bacterial targets. These studies suggest that part of the bactericidal activity of PNHS is due to binding of antibodies to the rough LPS on serum-sensitive strains, initiating activation of the CCP, and that all seven strains examined shared this bactericidal antibody-binding site.
The study of fuzzy- PI controller of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

In this paper, a new composite control strategy is proposed for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM) drives to achieve fast dynamic response and minimum steady state error. Based on the prior given the scope of the deviation, it implemented the automatical switch between fuzzy control and the PI control, and designed the control system model of permanent magnet synchronous motor. It established the PMSM control simulation model, the simulation results showed that the controller had a quick dynamic response, and eliminated basic steady-state error, which has good robust, dynamic characteristics and stability.
Determination of safety distance limits for a human near a cellular base station antenna, adopting the IEEE standard or ICNIRP guidelines

This paper investigates the minimum distance for a human body in the near field of a cellular telephone base station antenna for which there is compliance with the IEEE or ICNIRP threshold values for radio frequency electromagnetic energy absorption in the human body. First, local maximum specific absorption rates (SARs), measured and averaged over volumes equivalent to 1 and to 10 g tissue within the trunk region of a physical, liquid filled shell phantom facing and irradiated by a typical GSM 900 base station antenna, were compared to corresponding calculated SAR values. The calculation used a homogeneous Visible Human body model in front of a simulated base station antenna of the same type. Both real and simulated base station antennas operated at 935 MHz. Antenna‐body distances were between 1 and 65 cm. The agreement between measurements and calculations was excellent. This gave confidence in the subsequent calculated SAR values for the heterogeneous Visible Human model, for which each tissue was assigned the currently accepted values for permittivity and conductivity at 935 MHz. Calculated SAR values within the trunk of the body were found to be about double those for the homogeneous case. When the IEEE standard and the ICNIRP guidelines are both to be complied with, the local SAR averaged over 1 g tissue was found to be the determining parameter. Emitted power values from the antenna that produced the maximum SAR value over 1 g specified in the IEEE standard at the base station are less than those needed to reach the ICNIRP threshold specified for the local SAR averaged over 10 g. For the GSM base station antenna investigated here operating at 935 MHz with 40 W emitted power, the model indicates that the human body should not be closer to the antenna than 18 cm for controlled environment exposure, or about 95 cm for uncontrolled environment exposure. These safe distance limits are for SARs averaged over 1 g tissue. The corresponding safety distance limits under the ICNIRP guidelines for SAR taken over 10 g tissue are 5 cm for occupational exposure and about 75 cm for general‐public exposure. Bioelectromagnetics 23:429–443, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparative Sequence Analysis in the Exon 5 of Growth Hormone Gene in the Various Livestock Species of India

The aim of the study was to identify genetic polymorphism in growth hormone (GH) gene locus of six different livestock species using PCR-Direct DNA sequencing method. In exon 5 of GH gene, 10 SNPs variants were identified in all livestock species studied, namely Bubalus bubalis, Bos indicus, Bos frontalis, Bos grunniens, Ovis aries, and Capra hircus. Four SNPs were observed in Bubalus bubalis, two SNPs in Bos indicus, one SNP in Ovis aries, and three SNPs in Capra hircus. No changes were observed in Bos grunniens and Bos frontalis when compared with the template sequence and the SNPs observed in the present investigation may be useful in the marker assisted selection.
Equivalence of Five Forms of the Selective Reminding Test in Young and Elderly Subjects

This study evaluated the equivalence of five forms of the Selective Reminding Test, a widely used measure of verbal learning. 45 normal young and 45 normal elderly subjects were randomly administered three of the five test forms on three separate sessions. The five forms generally correlated well with one another and were of comparable difficulty, suggesting adequate test equivalence. Four of the five forms were particularly well matched.
Early Crystalloid Fluid Volume Management in Acute Pancreatitis: Association with Mortality and Organ Failure

Aims: Guidelines recommend aggressive fluid resuscitation in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) to minimize organ failure. This study aimed to determine whether early crystalloid fluid management is associated with mortality and/or critical care. Methods: 9,489 AP patients aged ≧18 years were categorized into four study groups: ventilation, hemodialysis, a combination of ventilation and hemodialysis, and neither ventilation nor hemodialysis. We analyzed demographics, mortality, comorbidities, complications, AP severity, surgery of the biliary/pancreatic system, and fluid volume (FV) during the initial 48 h (FV48) and during hospitalization (FVH), and calculated the FV ratio (FVR) as FV48/FVH. The impact of FV48 and FVR on mortality and the care process was assessed according to AP severity. Results: 1.1% of AP patients received ventilation, 1.7% received hemodialysis and 1.0% received both treatments. FV48 and FVR were higher in patients requiring ventilation compared with those not requiring ventilation. A high FV48 increased mortality and a high FVR decreased mortality in patients with severe AP. A high FV48 required ventilation in patients with severe AP, which was independently associated with mortality. Conclusion: Since relatively too much or too little early FV is associated with mortality, FV should be continuously monitored and managed according to AP severity.