Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information Geometry of Positive Measures and Positive-Definite Matrices: Decomposable Dually Flat Structure

Information geometry studies the dually flat structure of a manifold, highlighted by the generalized Pythagorean theorem. The present paper studies a class of Bregman divergences called the (ρ,τ)-divergence. A (ρ,τ) -divergence generates a dually flat structure in the manifold of positive measures, as well as in the manifold of positive-definite matrices. The class is composed of decomposable divergences, which are written as a sum of componentwise divergences. Conversely, a decomposable dually flat divergence is shown to be a (ρ,τ) -divergence. A (ρ,τ) -divergence is determined from two monotone scalar functions, ρ and τ. The class includes the KL-divergence, α-, β- and (α, β)-divergences as special cases. The transformation between an affine parameter and its dual is easily calculated in the case of a decomposable divergence. Therefore, such a divergence is useful for obtaining the center for a cluster of points, which will be applied to classification and information retrieval in vision. For the manifold of positive-definite matrices, in addition to the dually flatness and decomposability, we require the invariance under linear transformations, in particular under orthogonal transformations. This opens a way to define a new class of divergences, called the (ρ,τ) -structure in the manifold of positive-definite matrices.
An adaptive codec for multi-user interference mitigation for UWB-based WLANs

In this contribution we propose a simple codec for ultra wideband (UW) radio networks limited by multi-user interference (MUI). The proposed codec exhibits adaptive capabilities with respect to MUI degrading effects and, depending on MUI level, it may switch from a hard-detection operating mode to a soft-detection one. So doing, the presented scheme gains resistance against near-far effect. Several numerical tests show that our scheme outperforms conventional ones currently planned for UWB systems up to several orders of magnitude in MUI-limited wireless local area networks (WLANs).
School bonding and ethos in trajectories of offending: Results from the Belfast Youth Development Study

Background Aspects of the school environment, such as school attachment levels, are linked to adolescent offending. Previous research has not clarified whether a school‐ or individual‐level intervention approach to improving pupil school attachment and commitment is most likely to reduce adolescent offending. Aim The present study assessed the impact of individual‐ and school‐level variables on offending behaviour from ages 14–16 years. Sample The participants were 4,049 young people from 42 mainstream schools who took part in the Belfast Youth Development Study. Method Multilevel modelling was used to examine the relative influence of individual‐ and school‐level variables on offending behaviour in adolescence. Results Pupils who had high levels of school commitment and attachment and were involved in fewer fights at age 13 reported lower levels of offending at age 14 years. Differences between schools accounted for 7% of the variation in offending. Lower individual‐level commitment was associated with higher initial levels of offending at age 14 if the school‐level ethos was of higher commitment. Lack of safety at the school level appeared to be detrimental for young people not exposed to socio‐economic deprivation. Conclusions Individual‐level targeted interventions are likely to be a more cost‐effective approach of reducing offending behaviour in adolescence. Additional, albeit smaller, reductions in offending levels could be achieved through school‐level interventions in some school types (e.g., deprived areas).
Web proxy caching: the devil is in the details

Much work in the analysis of proxy caching has focused on high-level metrics such as hit rates, and has approximated actual reference patterns by ignoring exceptional cases such as connection aborts. Several of these low-level details have a strong impact on performance, particularly in heterogeneous bandwidth environments such as modem pools connected to faster networks. Trace-driven simulation of the modem pool of a large ISP suggests that "cookies" dramatically affect the cachability of resources; wasted bandwidth due to aborted connections can more than offset the savings from cached documents; and using a proxy to keep from repeatedly opening new TCP connections can reduce latency more than simply caching data.
The Brain as a Complex System: Using Network Science as a Tool for Understanding the Brain

Although graph theory has been around since the 18th century, the field of network science is more recent and continues to gain popularity, particularly in the field of neuroimaging. The field was propelled forward when Watts and Strogatz introduced their small-world network model, which described a network that provided regional specialization with efficient global information transfer. This model is appealing to the study of brain connectivity, as the brain can be viewed as a system with various interacting regions that produce complex behaviors. In practice, graph metrics such as clustering coefficient, path length, and efficiency measures are often used to characterize system properties. Centrality metrics such as degree, betweenness, closeness, and eigenvector centrality determine critical areas within the network. Community structure is also essential for understanding network organization and topology. Network science has led to a paradigm shift in the neuroscientific community, but it should be viewed as more than a simple "tool du jour. " To fully appreciate the utility of network science, a greater understanding of how network models apply to the brain is needed. An integrated appraisal of multiple network analyses should be performed to better understand network structure rather than focusing on univariate comparisons to find significant group differences; indeed, such comparisons, popular with traditional functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses, are arguably no longer relevant with graph-theory based approaches. These methods necessitate a philosophical shift toward complexity science. In this context, when correctly applied and interpreted, network scientific methods have a chance to revolutionize the understanding of brain function.
SimOutUtils - Utilities for analyzing time series simulation output

SimOutUtils is a suite of MATLAB/Octave functions for studying and analyzing time series-like output from stochastic simulation models. More specifically, SimOutUtils allows modelers to study and visualize simulation output dynamics, perform distributional analysis of output statistical summaries, as well as compare these summaries in order to assert the statistical equivalence of two or more model implementations. Additionally, the provided functions are able to produce publication quality figures and tables showcasing results from the specified simulation output studies.
Parallel island-based multiobjectivised memetic algorithms for a 2D packing problem

Bin Packing problems are NP-hard problems with many practical applications. A variant of a Bin Packing Problem was proposed in the GECCO 2008 competition session. The best results were achieved by a mono-objective Memetic Algorithm (MA). In order to reduce the execution time, it was parallelised using an island-based model. High quality results were obtained for the proposed instance. However, subsequent studies concluded that stagnation may occur for other instances. The term multiobjectivisation refers to the transformation of originally mono-objective problems as multi-objective ones. Its main aim is to avoid local optima. In this work, a multiobjectivised MA has been applied to the gecco 2008 Bin Packing Problem. Several multiobjectivisation schemes, which use problem-dependent and problem-independent information have been tested. Also, a parallelisation of the multiobjectivised MA has been developed. Results have been compared with the best up to date mono-objective approaches. Computational results have demonstrated the validity of the proposals. They have provided benefits in terms of solution quality, and in terms of time saving.
Asymptotic decay estimates for the repulsive Schrödinger–Poisson system

In this paper the time decay rates for the solutions to the Schrödinger–Poisson system in the repulsive case are improved in the context of semiconductor theory. Upper and lower estimates are obtained by using a norm involving the potential energy and the dispersion equation. In the attractive case some examples, based on the Galilean invariance, are proposed showing that the solutions does not have a dispersive character. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real-Time Anti-Interference Location of Vehicle License Plates Using High-Definition Video

Considering the fact that High Definition (HD) becomes an important trend in road surveillance video, this paper studies vehicle location and license plate location methods in HD surveillance video. While license plate reading may obviously benefit from high definition technology, higher resolution also increases the computational load of graphical analysis and background interference. Most known approaches to license plate location are not suited to high definition imagery. In this article, a real-time method of license plate location over high-definition surveillance video is discussed, and a reasonable approach to consider HD is proposed. As license plates are affixed on vehicles, a prior vehicle detection step significantly enhances the robustness of license plate detection. It is shown that the frontal area of the vehicle can be located using an AdaBoost cascade classifier. Following this classification step, the region of Vehicle License Plates (VLPs) can be located based on fixed color and texture features of license plate characters and background in HSV color space. This paper also presents extensive experiments using thousands of real video sequences to verify the proposed method.
Refining the Protein-Protein Interactome using Gene Expression Data

Proteins interact with other proteins within biological pathways, forming connected subgraphs in the protein-protein interactome (PPI). Proteins are often involved in multiple biological pathways which complicates interpretation of interactions between proteins. Gene expression data can assist our inference since genes within a particular pathway tend to have more correlated expression patterns than genes from distinct pathways. We provide an algorithm that uses gene expression information to remove inter-pathway protein-protein interactions, thereby simplifying the structure of the protein-protein interactome. This refined topology permits easier interpretation and greater biological coherence of multiple biological pathways simultaneously.
Location Privacy and Node Compromise Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks under Global Eavesdropper

— In a wireless sensor networks, most important problem is to provide privacy in location. Due to compromise attack, the compromised node can leak out the event location Existing techniques assumes the global eavesdropper but does not include the compromised nodes. The global eavesdropper may be able to compromise a group of nodes or individual nodes in the network and perform traffic analysis with additional knowledge from insiders. The main objective is we need to reduce the communication overhead between the nodes. The paper then proposes the scheme to give intimate to other nodes about compromised node. Through some analysis and simulation result, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme is efficient and effective for location privacy in both source and sink in wireless sensor networks.
Investigation on 3.3 kV-50 A IGBT protection against over-voltage conditions

This paper deals with the design and fabrication of monolithically integrated voltage sensors with 3.3 kV IGBTs. Firstly, the sensor concept is introduced, and experimental validation on 600 V IGBTs is presented. Guidelines for the design of a 3.3kV IGBT including the reported anode voltage and current sensors are provided together with its process fabrication.
Distributed control for radial loss network systems via the ash Certainty Equivalence (mean field) principle

The computational intractability of the dynamic programming (DP) equations associated with optimal admission and routing in stochastic loss networks of any non-trivial size (Ma et al., 2006, 2008) leads to the consideration of suboptimal distributed game theoretic formulations of the problem. This work presents a formulation of loss network admission control problems in terms of a class of systems composed of a large population of weakly coupled competitive individual agent networks. The resulting distributed dynamic stochastic game problem is solved and analyzed by application of the so-called point process Nash certainty equivalence (PPNCE) principle; this is an extension to the network point process context of the NCE principle originally formulated in the LQG framework by M. Huang et al., (2006, 2007). This methodology has close connections with the mean field models studied by Lasry and Lions (2006, 2007) and the notion of oblivious equilibrium proposed by Weintraub, Benkard, and Van Roy (2005, 2007) via a mean field approximation.
The Logic of Regional Integration Europe and Beyond

No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading the logic of regional integration europe and beyond is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
Neurological complications of sickle cell disease in Africa: protocol for a systematic review

Introduction Sickle cell disease (SCD) is highly prevalent in Africa. Considered as a public health problem, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Neurological complications of SCD can cause significant disability with important socioeconomic and psychological impact on the patients and their families, and can even lead to death if not properly managed. There are important knowledge gaps regarding the burden of neurological complications of SCD in African populations. We propose to conduct the first systematic review to summarise the epidemiological data available on neurological complications of SCD in Africa. Methods and analysis We will search PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the African Index Medicus from 1 January 1950 to 31 May 2016 for studies of neurological complications of SCD in Africa. After study selection, full-text paper acquisition, data extraction and synthesis, we will assess all studies for quality, risk of bias and heterogeneity. Appropriate methods of meta-analysis will be used to pool prevalence estimates from studies with similar features, globally and in major subgroups. This protocol complies with the 2015 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Ethics and dissemination The proposed study will use published data. Therefore, there is no requirement for ethical approval. This review is expected to provide relevant data to help quantify the burden of neurological complications of SCD in African populations, inform policymakers and identify further research topics. The final report of the systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. Review registration number CRD42016039574.
Constructing prevention programmes with a Māori health service provider view

ABSTRACT Mainstream approaches to chronic condition management and prevention inadequately address the needs of Māori, the Indigenous people of New Zealand. Māori health service providers (MHSPs) are uniquely placed to address the critical gap in the prevention of chronic conditions. In this paper, we report qualitative research findings investigating how prevention was being modelled, practiced and measured in selected MHSP settings. Results indicate barriers to achieving wellbeing through health service delivery. The dominant individualistic, medical conditions-focused discourse, along with responding to acute need, is a driver of service delivery norms.There are examples of shifts in organisational structure and delivery configurations that demonstrate that these norms are being challenged and reframed, in some form, by MHSPs. Consolidation of these approaches requires significant work and increased resources as well as a broader systems-level response that prioritises prevention.
JHU/APL at TREC 2001: Experiments in Filtering and in Arabic, Video, and Web Retrieval

The outsider might wonder whether, in its tenth year, the Text Retrieval Conference would be a moribund workshop encouraging littl e innovation and undertaking few new challenges, or whether fresh research problems would continue to be addressed. We feel strongly that it is the later that is true; our group at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) participated in four tracks at this year’s conference, three of which presented us with new and interesting problems. For the first time we participated in the filtering track, and we submitted off icial results for both the batch and routing subtasks. This year, a first attempt was made to hold a content-based video retrieval track at TREC, and we developed a new suite of tools for image analysis and multimedia retrieval. Finally, though not a stranger to cross-language text retrieval, we made a first attempt at Arabic language retrieval while emphasizing a language-neutral approach that has worked well i n other languages. Thus, our team found several challenges to face this year, and this paper mainly reports our initial findings.
Differentiation of municipalities in São Paulo state based on constitutional transferences and income tributary taxes

This paper is part of a large study that combines several groups of municipalities in Sao Paulo State that are analyzed through multivariate statistical techniques. This study is intended to indicate whether the variables per capita transfer amounts from the Municipalities Participation Fund [MPF], Product and Service Circulation Tax Quota [ICMS] and collected tributary income have different average values among the municipalities of Sao Paulo State that present different economic and social situations according to the social responsibility index. The evaluation was carried out by multivariate analysis of variance. The results show that the tributary income has the greater difference of average among the groups. It was also found that MPF distribution criteria are applied differently and contribute to the available income fairness, giving support to local governments in the development of public policy
Trust of a Military Automated System in an Operational Context

Within this descriptive article, we examine the drivers of human trust of automation using a fielded military technology as the focus area. In contrast to the laboratory, real-life interactions between humans and automation often take place in settings characterized by high complexity that potentially obscure the antecedents of trust. We approach this complexity through a case study, which captures the richness and variety of the operational context in which humans interact with automation. In particular, we utilize and substantiate a theoretical and conceptual trust model synthesized by Lee and See (2004) and examine how well it captures the dynamic nature of trust by using a sample of U.S. Air Force F-16 pilots, engineers, and managers of the Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System (Auto-GCAS). Our results show the Lee and See model succeeds in capturing most trust factors in the case of these Auto-GCAS stakeholders, and we present areas for enhancement of the model. We conclude by elaborating on lessons learned and hypotheses generated regarding factors affecting trust in Auto-GCAS, providing recommendations for future trust research in field work, and discussing the value of working with an operational community while examining trust evolution over several years.
An analysis framework for ontology querying tools

While knowledge querying is a key capability of ontologies, the query language recommended by W3C, SPARQL, is not easy to use for some user types, e.g., casual users and domain experts. To improve this drawback, user-friendly Ontology Query Tools (OQTs) have been introduced. However, there is, to our knowledge, no comprehensive framework for researchers and practitioners to compare the capabilities of the wide range of available OQTs. In this paper we introduce, based on a systematic literature review, a framework that allows researchers and practitioners to classify and compare OQTs regarding their capabilities and their support for relevant user types and scenarios. We evaluate the framework based on a real-world use case. Major result of the evaluation was that the framework was found useful and usable by users from the target audience to identify the most suitable OQTs for their context.
Attitudes toward dysfunctional audit behaviour: The effect of budget emphasis, leadership behaviour, and effectiveness of audit review

This study develops and tests a theoretical model that identifies factors contributing to dysfunctional audit behaviour. Budget emphasis, leadership behaviour structure and consideration, and effectiveness of audit review were examined as antecedents of attitudes toward dysfunctional audit behavior by using PLS method. The findings produced consistent evidence in support of the theoretical model. It is not an emphasis on meeting budgets that leads to undesirable behaviour, but contextual variables, such as leadership behaviour structure and effectiveness of audit review.
Rethinking binarism in Translation Studies : a case study of translating the Chinese Nobel Laureates of Literature

The theorisation of translation originated in a binary opposition embodied by the debate of word-for-word vs. sense-for-sense translation methods. It is true that by now, theories in Translation Studies (TS) have become significantly more elaborate and sophisticated. However, it cannot be denied that some of its most dominant and pertinent concepts continue to get portrayed in binary concepts, such as translation vs. original, translatability vs. untranslatability and translation vs. interpreting, among many others. This study believes that TS, not different from most intellectual inquiries of the human mind, has been built upon binarism. The current research project aims to identify the traces of this epistemological tradition in the different stages of the discipline’s development, encompassing various theoretical models in the field, while reflecting upon the evolution of TS that marks its departure from such a tradition. It approaches the issue by examining three prevailing dichotomies in the field, namely source vs. target, prescriptive vs. descriptive and translation vs. non-translation. To propose an alternative to the existing binary perspective, this study borrows from the sociological models of Parsons and Giddens to portray translation as a social action. The binary concepts are then evaluated against empirical evidence obtained through a case study of two translators of Chinese Nobel Laureates, Howard Goldblatt and Mabel Lee. Both paratexts and metatexts are consulted to demonstrate that the scenario is much more complex than what is suggested by these dichotomies. It should be clarified that this study does not advocate that scholars discard these terms altogether. Instead, it acknowledges that dichotomies serve a definite purpose in certain contexts, but aims to problematise their uncritical application. Eventually, it seeks to heighten the awareness of binarism in the discipline and strives for a balance between the precision and standardisation of the metalanguage employed in discussing translation.