Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DreamWeaver: architectural support for deep sleep

Numerous data center services exhibit low average utilization leading to poor energy efficiency. Although CPU voltage and frequency scaling historically has been an effective means to scale down power with utilization, transistor scaling trends are limiting its effectiveness and the CPU is accounting for a shrinking fraction of system power. Recent research advocates the use of full-system idle low-power modes to combat energy losses, as such modes provide the deepest power savings with bounded response time impact. However, the trend towards increasing cores per die is undermining the effectiveness of these sleep modes, particularly for request-parallel data center applications, because the independent idle periods across individual cores are unlikely to align by happenstance. We propose DreamWeaver, architectural support to facilitate deep sleep for request-parallel applications on multicore servers. DreamWeaver comprises two elements: Weave Scheduling, a scheduling policy to coalesce idle and busy periods across cores to create opportunities for system-wide deep sleep; and the Dream Processor, a light-weight co-processor that monitors incoming network traffic and suspended work during sleep to determine when the system must wake. DreamWeaver is based on two key concepts: (1) stall execution and sleep anytime any core is unoccupied, but (2) constrain the maximum time any request may be stalled. Unlike prior scheduling approaches, DreamWeaver will preempt execution to sleep, maximizing time spent at the systems' most efficient operating point. We demonstrate that DreamWeaver can smoothly trade-off bounded, predictable increases in 99th-percentile response time for increasing power savings, and strictly dominates the savings available with voltage and frequency scaling and timeout-based request batching schemes.
Efficient Kernelized Prototype Based Classification

Prototype based classifiers are effective algorithms in modeling classification problems and have been applied in multiple domains. While many supervised learning algorithms have been successfully extended to kernels to improve the discrimination power by means of the kernel concept, prototype based classifiers are typically still used with Euclidean distance measures. Kernelized variants of prototype based classifiers are currently too complex to be applied for larger data sets. Here we propose an extension of Kernelized Generalized Learning Vector Quantization (KGLVQ) employing a sparsity and approximation technique to reduce the learning complexity. We provide generalization error bounds and experimental results on real world data, showing that the extended approach is comparable to SVM on different public data.
Biotechnology and apple breeding in Japan

Apple is a fruit crop of significant economic importance, and breeders world wide continue to develop novel cultivars with improved characteristics. The lengthy juvenile period and the large field space required to grow apple populations have imposed major limitations on breeding. Various molecular biological techniques have been employed to make apple breeding easier. Transgenic technology has facilitated the development of apples with resistance to fungal or bacterial diseases, improved fruit quality, or root stocks with better rooting or dwarfing ability. DNA markers for disease resistance (scab, powdery mildew, fire-blight, Alternaria blotch) and fruit skin color have also been developed, and marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been employed in breeding programs. In the last decade, genomic sequences and chromosome maps of various cultivars have become available, allowing the development of large SNP arrays, enabling efficient QTL mapping and genomic selection (GS). In recent years, new technologies for genetic improvement, such as trans-grafting, virus vectors, and genome-editing, have emerged. Using these techniques, no foreign genes are present in the final product, and some of them show considerable promise for application to apple breeding.
Low cost and open source multi-fluorescence imaging system for teaching and research in biology and bioengineering

The advent of easy-to-use open source microcontrollers, off-the-shelf electronics and customizable manufacturing technologies has facilitated the development of inexpensive scientific devices and laboratory equipment. In this study, we describe an imaging system that integrates low-cost and open-source hardware, software and genetic resources. The multi-fluorescence imaging system consists of readily available 470 nm LEDs, a Raspberry Pi camera and a set of filters made with low cost acrylics. This device allows imaging in scales ranging from single colonies to entire plates. We developed a set of genetic components (e.g. promoters, coding sequences, terminators) and vectors following the standard framework of Golden Gate, which allowed the fabrication of genetic constructs in a combinatorial, low cost and robust manner. In order to provide simultaneous imaging of multiple wavelength signals, we screened a series of long stokes shift fluorescent proteins that could be combined with cyan/green fluorescent proteins. We found CyOFP1, mBeRFP and sfGFP to be the most compatible set for 3-channel fluorescent imaging. We developed open source Python code to operate the hardware to run time-lapse experiments with automated control of illumination and camera and a Python module to analyze data and extract meaningful biological information. To demonstrate the potential application of this integral system, we tested its performance on a diverse range of imaging assays often used in disciplines such as microbial ecology, microbiology and synthetic biology. We also assessed its potential for STEM teaching in a high school environment, using it to teach biology, hardware design, optics, and programming. Together, these results demonstrate the successful integration of open source hardware, software, genetic resources and customizable manufacturing to obtain a powerful, low cost and robust system for STEM education, scientific research and bioengineering. All the resources developed here are available under open source licenses.
Unregulated Insulin Secretion by Pancreatic Beta Cells in Hyperinsulinism/Hyperammonemia Syndrome: Role of Glutamate Dehydrogenase, ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel, and Nonselective Cation Channel

The hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia (HI/HA) syndrome is caused by “gain of function” of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Several missense mutations have been found; however, cell behaviors triggered by the excessive GDH activity have not been fully demonstrated. This study was aimed to clarify electrophysiological mechanisms underlying the dysregulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells with GDH mutations. GDH kinetics and insulin secretion were measured in MIN6 cells overexpressing the G446D and L413V. Membrane potentials and channel activity were recorded under the perforated-patch configuration that preserved intracellular environments. In mutant MIN6 cells, sensitivity of GDH to guanosine triphosphate (GTP) was reduced and insulin secretion at low glucose concentrations was enhanced. The basal GDH activity was elevated in L413V bearing a mutation in the antenna-like structure. The L413V cells were depolarized without glucose, often accompanying by repetitive Ca2+ firings. The depolarization was maintained in the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and disappeared by depleting ATP, suggesting that the depolarization depended on intracellular ATP. In L413V cells, the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel) was suppressed and the nonselective cation channel (NSCC) was potentiated, while sensitivity of the channels to their specific blockers or agonists was not impaired. These data suggest that the L413V cells increase the intracellular ATP/adenosine diphosphate (ADP) ratio, which in turn causes sustained depolarization not only by closure of the KATP channel, but also by opening of the NSCC. The resultant activation of the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel appears to induce hyperinsulinism. The present study provides evidence that multiple channels cooperate in unregulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells of the HI/HA syndrome.
Social support moderates association between depression and maternal–fetal attachment among pregnant Brazilian adolescents

Objective: This study investigated the association between maternal depression and maternal–fetal attachment (MFA) and whether contextual variables such as social support and fathers’ presence moderated this association. Background: Adolescent pregnancy is associated with multiple risk factors that may compromise the relationship between mothers and their infants. However, this relationship starts during pregnancy, being affected by aspects such as social support and maternal depression. Method: Forty-nine adolescent mothers (Mage = 16.49 years; SD = 1.58) participated in the first wave of a longitudinal study which investigated social factors associated with parenting characteristics of Brazilian adolescent mothers; 65.3% reported they were cohabiting (married or living together) with the infant’s father. Results: Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that higher levels of social support were associated with greater MFA. Marital status was not significant. The association between maternal depression and MFA was significant for those participants who reported high levels of social support, but not for those participants who reported low levels of social support. Conclusion: Social support emerged as a key variable moderating the association between maternal depression and MFA. Contrary to expectations, maternal depression did not have a negative association with MFA, and further studies are needed to understand how social support promotes MFA, in the presence of other vulnerabilities, such as maternal depression.
The dark side of normal: A psychopathy‐linked pattern called aberrant self‐promotion

These studies investigate a personality and behavior pattern called aberrant self‐promotion, conceptualized as a subclinical form of psychopathy. Aberrant self‐promoters (ASPs) are theoretically defined as individuals characterized by a narcissistic personality configuration in combination with antisocial behavior. The first study verifies the existence of persons who manifest the ASP pattern. The second study validates the pattern, using as criteria the Revised Psychopathy Checklist (PCL‐R) interview and records of antisocial behavior. In the first study a 179‐item questionnaire, composed of five personality instruments, was administered to two separate samples of normal subjects (N = 214 and 367). ASPs were targeted by three methods: cluster analysis, item factor analysis, and person factor analysis. In Sample 1 the three methods demonstrated a convergence of 92 per cent in identifying the same individuals as ASPs; in Sample 2 the convergence rate was 94 per cent. In the second study 32 ASPs targeted in Study 1 were compared to 30 non‐ASPS. The ASPs had significantly higher scores on the PCL‐R and had committed significantly more antisocial acts than the non‐ASPS. The general discussion focuses on the practical, theoretical, and measurement implications of considering aberrant self‐promotion a distinct psychological motif.
Wavelet-based Poisson rate estimation using the Skellam distribution

Owing to the stochastic nature of discrete processes such as photon counts in imaging, real-world data measurements often exhibit heteroscedastic behavior. In particular, time series components and other measurements may frequently be assumed to be non-iid Poisson random variables, whose rate parameter is proportional to the underlying signal of interest-witness literature in digital communications, signal processing, astronomy, and magnetic resonance imaging applications. In this work, we show that certain wavelet and filterbank transform coefficients corresponding to vector-valued measurements of this type are distributed as sums and differences of independent Poisson counts, taking the so-called Skellam distribution. While exact estimates rarely admit analytical forms, we present Skellam mean estimators under both frequentist and Bayes models, as well as computationally efficient approximations and shrinkage rules, that may be interpreted as Poisson rate estimation method performed in certain wavelet/filterbank transform domains. This indicates a promising potential approach for denoising of Poisson counts in the above-mentioned applications.
The Least of These

Each year 200,000 youth under the age of 18 are waived to adult criminal court, and African American males are disproportionately overrepresented among youth detained in adult jails. This population of vulnerable youth may be at greater risk for early violent death and HIV infection than youth detained in juvenile settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the social context of HIV risk behavior, substance misuse, and violence among youth offenders detained in adult jail using Elijah Anderson’s Code of the Street as a conceptual framework. Focus groups were conducted with 15 African American male youth (aged 15-17 years) detained at a city jail. Content analysis revealed several themes related to violence and HIV risk, including (1) HIV literacy and condom use, (2) substance use and sex, and (3) violence and the code of the street. These rich, descriptive narratives suggest that youth offenders exposed to chronic violence also engage in HIV risk–related behaviors. Findings may also aid in the development of age- and culturally appropriate interventions for this population while they are detained.
Technology and Spillovers: Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Micro-data Shishir Saxena

This paper finds that technology stocks and spillovers, have significantly affected the output of Indian manufacturing firms, over the period 1994 to 2006. The technology of a firm is measured, as embodied in its recent stock of plant & machinery, as well as generated through its own R&D. Moreover, investments in both these types of capital by a firm, also generate learning and level of development effects, for all other firms in that industry. JEL classification: L6, E22, D24, D62, O30
Expression of β-glucosidase increases trichome density and artemisinin content in transgenic Artemisia annua plants.

Artemisinin is highly effective against multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the aetiological agent of the most severe form of malaria. However, a low level of accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua is a major limitation for its production and delivery to malaria endemic areas of the world. While several strategies to enhance artemisinin have been extensively explored, enhancing storage capacity in trichome has not yet been considered. Therefore, trichome density was increased with the expression of β-glucosidase (bgl1) gene in A. annua through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transgene (bgl1) integration and transcript were confirmed by molecular analysis. Trichome density increased up to 20% in leaves and 66% in flowers of BGL1 transgenic plants than Artemisia control plants. High-performance liquid chromatography, time of flight mass spectrometer data showed that artemisinin content increased up to 1.4% in leaf and 2.56% in flowers (per g DW), similar to the highest yields achieved so far through metabolic engineering. Artemisinin was enhanced up to five-fold in BGL1 transgenic flowers. This study opens the possibility of increasing artemisinin content by manipulating trichomes' density, which is a major reservoir of artemisinin. Combining biosynthetic pathway engineering with enhancing trichome density may further increase artemisinin yield in A. annua. Because oral feeding of Artemisia plant cells reduced parasitemia more efficiently than the purified drug, reduced drug resistance and cost of prohibitively expensive purification process, enhanced expression should play a key role in making this valuable drug affordable to treat malaria in a large global population that disproportionally impacts low-socioeconomic areas and underprivileged children.
On uniqueness of packing of three copies of 2-factors

The packing of three copies of a graph $G$ is the union of three edge-disjoint copies (with the same vertex set) of $G$. In this paper, we completely solve the problem of the uniqueness of packing of three copies of 2-regular graphs. In particular, we show that $C_3,C_4,C_5,C_6$ and $2C_3$ have no packing of three copies, $C_7,C_8,C_3 \cup C_4, C_4 \cup C_4, C_3 \cup C_5$ and $3C_3$ have unique packing, and any other collection of cycles has at least two distinct packings.
Poverty-Related Diseases College: a virtual African-European network to build research capacity

The Poverty-Related Diseases College was a virtual African-European college and network that connected young African and European biomedical scientists working on poverty-related diseases. The aim of the Poverty-Related Diseases College was to build sustainable scientific capacity and international networks in poverty-related biomedical research in the context of the development of Africa. The Poverty-Related Diseases College consisted of three elective and mandatory training modules followed by a reality check in Africa and a science exchange in either Europe or the USA. In this analysis paper, we present our experience and evaluation, discuss the strengths and encountered weaknesses of the programme, and provide recommendations to policymakers and funders.
VALIDACIJA UPTINIKA O STRESORIMA NA RADNOM MJESTU BOLNIČKIH ZDRAVSTVENIH DJELATNIKA

75 *Milan Milošević, dr. med. (milan.milosevic@snz.hr), Rajna Golubić, dr. med., prof. dr. sc. Jadranka Mustajbegović, Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Medicinski fakultet, Škola narodnog zdravlja „Andrija Štampar“, Rockefellerova 4, 10000 Zagreb, Bojana Knežević, dr. med., KBC Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Karin Juras, dr. med., Klinička bolnica Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Marija Bubaš, dr. med., spec. med. rada i sporta, Hrvatski zavod za zaštitu zdravlja i sigurnost na radu, Avenija V. Holjevca 14, 10000 Zagreb. UVOD
Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use in Healthy Pre-School Chinese Children in Australia and China

There is a growing use of dietary supplements in many countries including China. This study aimed to document the prevalence of dietary supplements use and characteristics of Chinese pre-school children using dietary supplements in Australia and China. A survey was carried out in Perth, Western Australia of 237 mothers with children under five years old and 2079 in Chengdu and Wuhan, China. A total of 22.6% and 32.4% of the Chinese children were taking dietary supplements in Australia and China, respectively. In China, the most commonly used dietary supplements were calcium (58.5%) and zinc (40.4%), while in Australia, the most frequently used types were multi-vitamins/minerals (46.2%) and fish oil (42.3%). In Australia, “not working”, “never breastfeed”, “higher education level of the mother” and “older age of the child” were associated with dietary supplement use in children. In China, being unwell and “having higher household income” were significantly related to dietary supplement usage. Because of the unknown effects of many supplements on growth and development and the potential for adverse drug interactions, parents should exercise caution when giving their infants or young children dietary supplements. Wherever possible it is preferable to achieve nutrient intakes from a varied diet rather than from supplements.
Performance psychology in action: A casebook for working with athletes, performing artists, business leaders, and professionals in high-risk occupations

This is one of the first books to describe the emerging practice of 'performance psychology'. The field applies the same mental skills that were once taught only to expert athletes, but are now being taught to a broad range of 'performers' - including actors and dancers, lawyers, surgeons, business leaders, rescue workers and others in high-risk occupations. This title applies research and practice from many fields, including sport psychology, psychotherapy, industrial-organizational practice, and executive coaching. It blends theory and practice by integrating literature reviews with real-world applications - for a broad range of clients. It provides extensive session transcripts, including consultants' thoughts and reactions throughout each session.
CrossEd : Novel Interaction for Pen-Based Systems

We propose an interaction technique for pen-based systems based on the goal-crossing paradigm. We describe the design of CrossEd (a text-formatting tool) whose interface components are based entirely on this paradigm. We anticipate that the experienced obtained from designing and implementing this tool could lead to a more natural interaction in pen-based systems.
An Energy-Efficient Redundant Nodes Tree Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor nodes are tiny and energy limited, so the enhancement of lifetime of sensor networks is an open issues which relates to energy balance and energy saving. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient redundant nodes tree (EERNT) mechanism in which the redundant nodes in each cluster can be used to relay information to the base-station. The principle is that the redundant nodes relay tree is constructed according to the position of the redundant nodes and all the information received by the cluster heads is sent to the closest redundant node of the EERNT. The selected redundant node transmits the information to the base-station by the relaying of EERNT. Simulation results show that EERNT can improve the lifetime of wireless sensor networks efficiently under the condition that the nodes are distributed comparatively dense and the networks have redundant nodes in most clusters.