Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The no-spin zone: rotation versus dispersion support in observed and simulated dwarf galaxies

We perform a systematic Bayesian analysis of rotation vs. dispersion support (v_(rot)/σ) in 40 dwarf galaxies throughout the Local Volume (LV) over a stellar mass range 10^(3.5) M_⊙ < M⋆ < 10^8 M_⊙. We find that the stars in ∼90% of the LV dwarf galaxies studied -- both satellites and isolated systems -- are dispersion-supported. In particular, we show that 7/10 *isolated* dwarfs in our sample have stellar populations with v_(rot)/σ<0.6. All have v_(rot)/σ≲2. These results challenge the traditional view that the stars in gas-rich dwarf irregulars (dIrrs) are distributed in cold, rotationally-supported stellar disks, while gas-poor dwarf spheroidals (dSphs) are kinematically distinct in having dispersion-supported stars. We see no clear trend between v_(rot)/σ and distance to the closest L⋆ galaxy, nor between v_(rot)/σ and M⋆ within our mass range. We apply the same Bayesian analysis to four FIRE hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of isolated dwarf galaxies (10^9M⊙<M_(vir)<10^(10)M⊙) and show that the simulated *isolated* dIrr galaxies have stellar ellipticities and stellar v_(rot)/σ ratios that are consistent with the observed population of dIrrs *and* dSphs without the need to subject these dwarfs to any external perturbations or tidal forces. We posit that most dwarf galaxies form as puffy, dispersion-supported systems, rather than cold, angular momentum-supported disks. If this is the case, then transforming a dIrr into a dSph may require little more than removing its gas.
Modelisation Et Prevision Des Prix Du Cpc

Dans cet exposé, nous étudions la modélisation des prix du CPC (coke petroleum calcination) et utilisons les modèles obtenus pour la prévision. La difficulté du problème vient de la non-homogénéité des observations. Nous considérons d'abord des techniques empiriques (régression polynomiale) et nous remarquons qu'elles sont des cas particuliers de la méthode SARIMA. Nous utilisons alors la méthode SARIMA et nous la comparons à une méthode non paramétrique. Abstract : In this talk we model and predict the time series of coke petroleum calcination prices. Intricacy of this problem comes from the nonhomogeneity of data. We first consider empirical technics like polynomial regression and notice that they appear as special cases of the SARIMA method. Then, we use the SARIMA method and compare it to a nonparametric method.
Efficacy of allicin, the reactive molecule of garlic, in inhibiting Aspergillus spp. in vitro, and in a murine model of disseminated aspergillosis.

OBJECTIVES The evaluation of allicin, the biologically active compound responsible for the antimicrobial activities of freshly crushed garlic cloves, in inhibiting Aspergillus spp. in vitro and in a murine model of disseminated aspergillosis. METHODS Pure allicin was prepared by reacting synthetic alliin with a stabilized preparation of the garlic enzyme alliinase. We tested the in vitro efficacy of pure allicin against 31 clinical isolates of Aspergillus spp. using a microdilution broth method and following the NCCLS guidelines (document M-38P). Subsequently, the in vivo efficacy of allicin was tested in immunocompetent mice infected intravenously (iv) with Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. Allicin (5 mg/kg body weight) was administered iv once daily for 5 days post-infection or orally (po) (9 mg/kg body weight) for 5 days pre-infection and 10 days post-infection. No ill effects were observed in allicin-treated uninfected mice. RESULTS The in vitro MICs and MFCs of allicin were between 8 and 32 mg/L, indicating that allicin in its pure form may be an effective fungicide in vitro. Time-kill studies indicate that allicin exerts its fungicidal activity within 2-12 h of administration in vitro. Allicin treatment significantly prolonged survival of infected mice (P < 0.01) from mean survival time (MST) = 7.7 days in untreated mice to MST = 21.3 and 13.9 days for allicin iv and po treated mice, respectively. Allicin iv treatment led to a significant (P < 0.001) 10-fold reduction in fungal burden in A. fumigatus infected mice as evaluated by quantitative fungal cultures of kidney tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS These favourable results, despite the short half-life of this compound in vivo, support further studies of controlled sustained release or more prolonged administration of allicin as a treatment for aspergillosis.
Development of preschool children subsystem for ASR and q&a in a real-environment speech-oriented guidance task

The development of a module for speech recognition and answer generation for preschool children for a speech-oriented guidance system is described. This topic requires extra treatment because the performance is still disproportionally low to children of higher age, there is a growing business demand and only relatively few research on preschool children ASR has been carried out. This is especially true for building practical applications. A real-environment speech database with more than 12,000 utterances of Japanese preschool children and more than 60,000 utterances of school children are employed for system development. The difference between preschool children’s and standard pronunciation is narrowed by introducing uniform reference transcriptions and pronunciation modeling. Furthermore, language and acoustic model are optimized. Final evaluation shows, that the speech-oriented guidance system’s response accuracy can be improved by more than 12% absolute. Index Terms: preschool children, acoustic model, selective training, pronunciation modeling, Q&A
Workflow-based comparison of two Distributed Computing Infrastructures

Porting applications to Distributed Computing Infrastructures (DCIs) is eased by the use of workflow abstractions. Yet, estimating the impact of the execution DCI on application performance is difficult due to the heterogeneity of the resources available, middleware and operation models. This paper describes a workflow-based experimental method to acquire objective performance comparison criterions when dealing with completely different DCIs. Experiments were conducted on the European EGI and the French Grid'5000 infrastructures to highlight raw performance variations and identify their causes. The results obtained also show that it is possible to conduct experiments on a production infrastructure with similar reproducibility as on an experimental platform.
Kernel Development for High Assurance

In the paper we examine one of the issues in designing, specifying, implementing and formally verifying a small operating system kernel — how to provide a productive and iterative development methodology for both operating system developers and formal methods practitioners. We espouse the use of functional programming languages as a medium for prototyping that is readily amenable to formalisation with a low barrier to entry for kernel developers, and report early experience in the process of designing and building seL4: a new, practical, and formally verified microkernel.
Adaptive Transmission of Medical Image and Video Using Scalable Coding and Context-Aware Wireless Medical Networks

The aim of this paper is to present a novel platform for advanced transmission of medical image and video, introducing context awareness in telemedicine systems. Proper scalable image and video compression schemes are applied to the content according to environmental properties (i.e., the underlying network status, content type, and the patient status). The transmission of medical images and video for telemedicine purposes is optimized since better content delivery is achieved even in the case of low-bandwidth networks. An evaluation platform has been developed based on scalable wavelet compression with region-of-interest support for images and adaptive H.264 coding for video. Corresponding results of content transmission over wireless networks (i.e., IEEE 802.11e, WiMAX, and UMTS) have proved the effectiveness and efficiency of the platform.
Age, sex, and cohort effects in a longitudinal study of trachomatous scarring.

PURPOSE To determine the 5-year incidence rate of scarring, and associated factors, in the population of Maindi, Tanzania. METHODS A census of every resident was obtained at baseline, and ocular examinations for the presence and severity of trachoma were performed. Images of the upper eyelid were taken and graded for the presence and severity of scarring, according to a four-step severity scale based on photographs. Five years after baseline, a second series of images was taken and graded for scarring. Incident scarring was defined as new scars in those without scarring at baseline; progression was defined as those with scars that worsened by one step or more at 5 years. RESULTS The rate of scarring at baseline increased with age, from 1% in the <6-year to 38% in the 41+-year age group. Females at any age had more scarring than did males. The 5-year incidence rate of scarring was 0.20 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16-0.25), but varied with age up to 0.43 in the 41+-year group. There was a striking cohort effect, with those aged less than 16 years at baseline having more prevalent scarring and incidence rates comparable to those aged 16 to 40. Progression rates averaged 0.47 (95% CI, 0.36-0.58). CONCLUSIONS In this trachoma-endemic community, incident scarring was high, especially in the younger cohorts. A dramatic increase in risk of trachomatous scarring occurred approximately 15 years ago and appears to be unabated. Trachoma control programs to reduce risk of scarring are urgently needed to avoid blinding complications in this community.
Device-free Human Activity Recognition using CSI

Activity recognition is an important component of pervasive computing applications. Device-free activity recognition has the advantage that it does not have the privacy concern of using cameras and the subjects do not have to carry a device on them. Recently, it has been shown that channel state information (CSI) can be used for device-free activity recognition. Their key limitation lies in the lack of universality. In this paper, we propose ARM, a wireless human Activity Recognition and Monitoring system. ARM investigate the correlation between CSI phase variation and human activity. We present an efficient carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation algorithm for Wi-Fi devices and introduce Haar wavelet function to eliminate the noises. After these preprocessing, ARM uses the correlation as the profiling mechanism and recognizes a given activity by profile matching. We implemented ARM using both commercial Wi-Fi devices and USRP to evaluate it in different environments. Our result- s show that ARM achieves an average accuracy of greater than 75%.
Does Matching Overcome Lalonde's Critique of Nonexperimental Estimators?

This paper applies cross-sectional and longitudinal propensity score matching estimators to data from the National Supported Work (NSW) Demonstration that have been previously analyzed by LaLonde (1986) and Dehejia and Wahba (1999, 2002). We find that estimates of the impact of NSW based on propensity score matching are highly sensitive to both the set of variables included in the scores and the particular analysis sample used in the estimation. Among the estimators we study, the difference-in-differences matching estimator performs the best. We attribute its performance to the fact that it eliminates potential sources of temporally-invariant bias present in the NSW data, such as geographic mismatch between participants and non-participants and the use of a dependent variable measured in different ways for the two groups. Our analysis demonstrates that while propensity score matching is a potentially useful econometric tool, it does not represent a general solution to the evaluation problem.
The Reliability and Temporal Stability of Self-reported Media Exposure: A Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The measurement of media exposure is essential to not only traditional audience research, but also media effects research which relies on accurate estimates of media exposure. Even in the age of digital trace data and passive audience measurement, the workhorse of basically all communication research is self-report data. This article presents a meta-analysis of the reliability and temporal stability of media exposure self-reports in 33 panel studies. Results from a Bayesian multilevel analysis show that self-reported media exposure was moderately reliable (0.69, 90% HDI: 0.65, 0.72) and highly stable (0.90, 90% HDI: 0.88, 0.92). In line with previous studies, the reliability of media exposure measures was higher in adult samples (0.72, 90% HDI: 0.69, 0.76) compared to adolescents (0.60, 90% HDI: 0.53, 0.66). Rank-order stability of media exposure was comparable in adult (0.91, 90% HDI: 0.89, 0.93) and adolescent samples (0.85, 90% HDI: 0.81, 0.90). Moderation analyses showed that self-reported exposure to specific outlets was more reliable than general media use in adult samples. Media-specific differences in reliability were only found in adolescent samples. Overall, moderate reliability in combination with high temporal stability poses important challenges for scholars investigating causes and consequences of media exposure.
Automatic Alarm System for Self-Service Bank Based on Image Comparation

Recently ATM plays a more and more important role in the currency circulation but it also becomes the target of criminals. According to GA745-2008 Regulations of security and protection for Bank self-service equipment and self-service Bank standard requirements, video surveillance equipment should be installed in the Self-service Bank but the real-time monitoring system has the characteristics of low efficiency, especially when there are many monitoring points. Through the use of image recognition technology, image-matching processing and other improve algorithm can recognize the illegal modification and alarm automatically.
Multiple Geographic Origins of Commensalism and Complex Dispersal History of Black Rats

The Black Rat (Rattus rattus) spread out of Asia to become one of the world's worst agricultural and urban pests, and a reservoir or vector of numerous zoonotic diseases, including the devastating plague. Despite the global scale and inestimable cost of their impacts on both human livelihoods and natural ecosystems, little is known of the global genetic diversity of Black Rats, the timing and directions of their historical dispersals, and the risks associated with contemporary movements. We surveyed mitochondrial DNA of Black Rats collected across their global range as a first step towards obtaining an historical genetic perspective on this socioeconomically important group of rodents. We found a strong phylogeographic pattern with well-differentiated lineages of Black Rats native to South Asia, the Himalayan region, southern Indochina, and northern Indochina to East Asia, and a diversification that probably commenced in the early Middle Pleistocene. We also identified two other currently recognised species of Rattus as potential derivatives of a paraphyletic R. rattus. Three of the four phylogenetic lineage units within R. rattus show clear genetic signatures of major population expansion in prehistoric times, and the distribution of particular haplogroups mirrors archaeologically and historically documented patterns of human dispersal and trade. Commensalism clearly arose multiple times in R. rattus and in widely separated geographic regions, and this may account for apparent regionalism in their associated pathogens. Our findings represent an important step towards deeper understanding the complex and influential relationship that has developed between Black Rats and humans, and invite a thorough re-examination of host-pathogen associations among Black Rats.
A RISC Building Block Set for Structured Parallel Programming

We propose a set of building blocks (RISC-pb2l) suitable to build high-level structured parallel programming frameworks. The set is designed following a RISC approach. RISC-pb2l is architecture independent but the implementation of the different blocks may be specialized to make the best usage of the target architecture peculiarities. A number of optimizations may be designed transforming basic building blocks compositions into more efficient compositions, such that parallel application efficiency may be derived by construction rather than by debugging.
Study of Proton Induced Reactions in a Radioactive 129-I Target at Ep=660 MeV

1 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980 Russia 2 Institute for Nuclear Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rez 3 Yerevan State University, Republic of Armenia 4 Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany 5 Forschungszentrum Julich, Germany 6 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 7 Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Science of Moldova, Chisinau 8 Deceased
RECOVER : SERVICES FOR THE MONITORING OF TROPICAL FOREST TO SUPPORT REDD +

Project ReCover aims at developing beyond state-of-the-art service capabilities to support fighting deforestation and forest degradation in the tropical region. The service capabilities mean provision of a monitoring system of forest cover, forest cover changes, and biomass including a robust accuracy assessment. This paper presents the forest monitoring concept and the first results on Recover study sites. ReCover contributes to the efforts to reduce the errors in the estimates of the terrestrial carbon balance that result from uncertain rates of tropical deforestation. It develops methods for the REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) process by developing and implementing satellite image based methods for the monitoring of tropical forests. The REDD will be a major driver for the development of more effective and more reliable procedures for the monitoring of tropical forests. Many developing countries lack human resources and funding for detailed forest inventories. This paper reports the achievements of the first year of ReCover and the results of services in Mexico, Guyana, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Fiji. Altogether 42 products were delivered to the users of Recover. The accuracy in forest and non-forest classification was from 85 % to 91 % with one exception (76 %).
México: concentración y localización del empleo manufacturero, 1980-1998

Through the application of a variant of the Gini Index, the evolution of employment geographic concentration in manufacturing is measured in Mexico. Initially the procedure is defined to derive, from a function of regional distribution of employment in manufacturing, the Lorenz Curve. Subsequently, the values of the Gini coefficient are calculated for each one of the 54 economic activity branches that integrate the manufacturing industry. Using the statistical technique of cluster analysis, the levels of employment concentration per branch are identified. Similarly, the concentration rates of manufacturing employment and the coefficients of localization by activity branch are calculated for each of the 32 federative entities that integrate the Mexican republic. The data is grouped in more extensive regions to identify sector and regional location patterns for manufacturing and its evolution between 1980 and 1998.
Efficient and Secured Ant Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Ant colony based routing algorithms addresses the adaptation of the collective behaviors observed in natural ant colonies for routing in wireless sensor network WSNs, ant swarms usually collectively achieve adaptive, scalable, and robust optimized paths between the net and the source of food with little intelligence and capacities at each individual which is very suitable from WSNs perspective which are composed of small sensors with limited capacities and resources in hostile and unpredictable environment. In this paper, we are going to adapt the conventional ant routing algorithm for WSNs, by taking into consideration their traffic pattern and devices’ constraints. The proposed protocol affects the task of route discovery to the base station which periodically launches forward ants over the network to discover routes and inform sensors about its location instead of letting each sensor doing this task individually which consumes sensors’ resources and decreases the network lifetime due to the broadcasting nature of the forward ants. We have also proposed to execute a handshake during the route discovery in order to secure links between each sensor and the base station, the use of the underlying routing requests for the handshake has considerably saved sensors’ battery power with a good threshold of security. Simulation results in last section show that the proposed solution saves considerably the sensors’ battery power and extend the system lifetime compared to the original ant routing algorithm and AODV.
Parameter estimation for mW composite sequence with block sparse compressed sensing

Due to the low power spectral density and controllable spectral nulls, m-Walsh (mW) composite sequence spread spectrum communication can be a strong candidate technique for secondary users in cognitive radio (CR). Through detecting the special spectral feature of mW composite sequence spread spectrum signal, we can estimate the carrier frequency and sequence number of Walsh sequence used to compound in mW composite sequence. With these parameters, the complexity of signal receiver can be greatly reduced. So it is very valuable for us to estimate these parameters. But the spectrum access range of the secondary user is so wide, so it requires high sampling rate to realize the spectrum detection. By exploiting the block sparsity property of mW composite sequence spread spectrum signal in the frequency domain, the transmit signal can be reconstructed from sub-Nyquist samples. Then it is available to realize the spectrum detection and parameter estimation for the wideband signal of secondary user. The simulation compares the results of parameter estimation based on BMP, BOMP and BCoSaMP block recovery algorithm in different conditions. The results verify the feasibility of parameter estimation for mW composite sequence by exploiting the block sparse property of signal.
Microcontroller based foot-operated mouse using a sensor pad as an alternative to a conventional mouse

The objective of the study is to design an alternative mouse for persons with hand disability. It is composed of microcontroller and sensor pad. Sensor pad consist of commonly used shortcut keys and four arrow keys. Sensor pad will determine which of the shortcut and arrow keys where pressed. The microcontroller processes the input coming from the sensor pad and it outputs the cursor's navigation on the laptop screen. The design had undergone the process of review, validation and verification. Based from the results, the difference of the test value and critical value is 0.0001, which is considered as a part of critical region shows that there is no significant difference between the foot-controlled and hand-controlled mouse.