Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resource fit in inter‐firm partnership: intellectual capital perspective

Purpose – Previous studies on strategic alliance and network have not paid sufficient attention to resource fit based on intellectual capital perspective. This study aims at understanding the input resources and transformation in a dyadic inter‐firm partnership, given different types of value logics.Design/methodology/approach – This study adopts a multiple case study approach by in‐depth interviews in three inter‐firm cooperative cases, which represent three different types of value‐creating logics – value chain, value shop, and value network. This study applies the intellectual capital navigator (ICN) to analyze the resource transformation among human capital, organizational capital, relational capital, physical capital, and monetary capital that was produced by two sides in three inter‐firm partnerships.Findings – The results show that: given value chain logic, while the inter‐firm partnership emphasizes standardization, efficiency and economy of scale, resource fit in physical, monetary, and organizat.
Serotonin regulates type II corticosteroid receptor binding in hippocampal cell cultures

Previous work from our laboratory has shown that early postnatal handling of rat pups permanently increases hippocampal type II, but not type I, corticosteroid receptor binding. Handling also increases hippocampal 5-HT turnover, and the effect of handling on type II corticosteroid receptor binding is blocked by concurrent administration of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin. In view of these findings, the present studies examined the effects of 5-HT on type I ([3H]corticosterone) and type II ([3H]RU 28362) corticosteroid receptor binding in dispersed hippocampal cell cultures derived from animals killed at E19–20 in order to verify that 5-HT can act directly on hippocampal cells to alter corticosteroid receptor binding. Both type I and type II receptors were measurable in cultured hippocampal cells and the apparent affinity (Kd) for [3H]corticosterone (0.4 +/- 0.1 nM) and [3H]RU 28362 (0.8 +/- 0.1 nM) was similar to that from studies with intact animals. 5-HT increased type II, but not type I, corticosteroid receptor binding capacity in a dose-related manner, with the maximal effect (+188%) observed at 10 nM 5-HT and no change in the affinity of the receptor for [3H]RU 28362. The effect of 10 nM 5-HT on [3H]RU 28362 binding required a minimum of 4 d exposure and persisted for at least 7 d following the removal of 5-HT. The effect of 10 nM 5-HT on [3H]RU 28362 binding was completely blocked by the 5-HT2 receptor antagonists ketanserin and mianserin. There were no effects of the 5-HT1a antagonist, BMY 7378, or the 5-HT3 antagonist, MDL 72222. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fault diagnosis of crosstalk induced glitches and delay faults

With the scaling of feature sizes into Deep-Submicron (DSM) values and ever increasing operating frequencies, chip failures due to crosstalk noise have become a major concern for circuit designers. It is essential that these faults be accurately diagnosed and affected wires re-routed to avoid possible chip failures. In this paper a new diagnostic fault simulator is described that diagnoses crosstalk induced glitch and delay faults in combinational circuit using information from fault simulation of single stuck-at faults. A realistic crosstalk fault model is used to insert crosstalk glitch and delay effects on a victim wire. The model considers the logical values of all possible time-compatible aggressors with those of the victim to insert the various noise effects. Once the design is found to be defective potential candidate wires are shortlisted by considering the fan-in cone of the faulty outputs. Further localization of fault site is performed by considering the logic states of candidate wires and their aggressors for the applied pattern pair. Experimental results on ISCAS'85 benchmark circuit for the given approach show that the method achieves high accuracy in localizing the crosstalk fault sites with good diagnostic resolution.
Prices of State-Contingent Claims Implicit in Option Prices

This paper implements the time-state preference model in a multi-period economy, deriving the prices of primitive securities from the prices of call options on aggregate consumption. These prices permit an equilibrium valuation of assets with uncertain payoffs at many future dates. Furthermore, for any given portfolio, the price of a $1.00 claim received at a future date, if the portfolio's value is between two given levels at that time, is derived explicitly from a second partial derivative of its call-option pricing function. An intertemporal capital asset pricing model is derived for payoffs that are jointly lognormally distributed with aggregate consumption. It is shown that using the Black-Scholes equation for options on aggregate consumption implies that individuals' preferences aggregate to isoelastic utility.
Tourists' purchase intentions: impact of franchise brand awareness

This study examines how an intention on the part of tourists to purchase items for daily use is determined by their awareness of franchise-branded stores, the image of those brands, and the perceived risk of purchase from non-franchised stores within Taiwan. In that country franchised chains are an important component of the retail mix, and their presence in tourist destinations can influence shopping patterns. The results indicate that positive relationships exist between intentions to purchase items from franchise convenience stores and perceived risk of buying from unfamiliar retail outlets. Equally familiarity with the destination acts as a moderating variable, and this variable facilitates higher patronage of non-franchised stores by tourists. The results indicate a general preference for purchases from well-established franchised outlets than locally independent owned stores. Managerial implications for both types of stores in tourist zones are discussed.
A Comparative Statics Analysis of Risk Premiums

With the notable exception of Lintner, the comparative statics of security risk premiums in a mean-variance context has received sparse rigorous treatment in the published literature. ' Lintner examines the implications of changing the number of individuals in the market, changing present market wealth, and redistributing wealth. Most of his analysis, however, is hampered by the unrealistic assumption of constant absolute risk aversion, failure to consider simultaneously several types of comparative statics changes, and an exogenous specification of a fixed risk-free rate of return. This essay attempts to remedy these deficiencies. In Section I, applying the mean-variance security valuation model developed formally in the Appendix, I isolate useful categories of comparative statics influences which have clear analogies in the more traditional capital theory under certainty. In Section II, "relative" risk premiums (ratios of one plus the expected rate of return on a portfolio to one plus the risk-free rate) are shown to depend on per capita wealth and social attitudes toward risk. For the special case of constant proportional risk aversion, single-period spot-rate relative risk premiums are constant over time, even with changes in population and changes in social wealth. In Sfction III, alternative definitions of the "market price of risk" and market measures of risk are compared on the basis of their comparative statics implications. The theoretical basis for many of the contributions of this essay is provided in the Appendix, in which the general relationship between the "market price of risk" and an aggregation of individual measurable utility functions is derived, assuming either normal probability distributions for security returns or quadratic utility. This new theorem motivates brief comments on measures of risk aversion and mean-variance efficiency analysis.
Repeated Insurance Contracts with Adverse Selection and Limited Commitment

In this paper we describe the sequential equilibria of a two-period monopoly with asymmetric information and limited commitment in the market for accident insurance. The role of learning is analyzed; and the possible sequential pooling, semiseparating, and separating equilibria are described (where the probability that a buyer will make a revealing first-period contract choice is equal to zero, is positive, and is equal to one, respectively). In the absence of discounting, we show that only pooling and semiseparating equilibria exist; provide a limited characterization of when these equilibria occur; and show that accident-contingent insurance and accident underreporting occur with positive probability along the equilibrium path of the game.
B7–H3 Ligand Expression by Primary Breast Cancer and Associated With Regional Nodal Metastasis

Objective: B7 ligand family members have been shown to be important immunoregulatory factors in host tumor immune responses. We hypothesized that B7–H3, a coinhibitory factor, is expressed by primary breast cancer cells and associated with metastasis to regional tumor-draining lymph nodes. Experimental Design: American Joint Committee on Cancer stage I to III primary breast cancers (n = 82) and normal breast specimens (n = 17) were assessed for B7–H3 expression using paraffin-embedded archival tissues. B7–H3 expression by breast cancer cells was assessed by a quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and B7–H3 protein expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results: B7–H3 mRNA expression was detected in 32 of 82 (39%) primary breast tumors but not in normal breast tissues (P = 0.0029). B7–H3 expression in primary tumors significantly correlated with increasing tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, and lymphovascular invasion (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0071). B7–H3 expression was highly correlated to sentinel lymph node and overall number of lymph nodes with metastasis P = 0.003, and P = 0.004, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, B7–H3 mRNA expression of the primary tumor significantly predicted metastasis to regional lymph nodes (P = 0.021, and P = 0.023, respectively). Antibody staining analysis of paraffin-embedded archival tissue breast tumors and flow cytometry of breast cancer cell lines demonstrated B7–H3 protein expression. Conclusions: B7–H3 protein expressed by primary breast cancer cells is a tumor progression factor and is associated with extent of regional nodal metastasis.
The Diagnostic Value of C-reactive Protein, Interleukin-8, and Monocyte Chemotactic Protein in Risk Stratification of Febrile Neutropenic Children With Hematologic Malignancies

Background and Aim Recent advances in febrile neutropenia have highlighted the value of risk stratification especially that it can have important implications in terms of management. We aimed to identify a serum marker that may help to stratify febrile neutropenic pediatric patients treated for hematologic malignancies at the time of first evaluation. Thus, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1-α (MCP-1-α) were evaluated for their predictive and diagnostic relevance in febrile episodes of cancer patients. Patients and Methods Within 24 hours of fever, CRP, IL-8, and MCP-1 serum levels were measured and the levels of these markers were related to the clinical findings of the patients. For this purpose, we collected and analyzed clinical data of 85 fever episodes occurring in 76 patients with hematologic malignancies, presenting to the Department of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, during a 6-month period. Results Neutropenic children with febrile episodes were classified into 2 groups, a group with unexplainable fever (group I, n=26) and another group with either blood culture positive, and/or fever periods with a documented clinical sepsis and/or local infection (group II, n=59). Clinically, local sites of infection were encountered in 39 cases (45.9%), whereas a positive blood culture was detected in 20 cases. CRP, IL-8, and MCP-1 levels were significantly lower in group I versus group II (P value <0.001). There were overlaps of values between groups. CRP ≥90 mg/L was significantly associated with chemotherapy-related neutropenia and fever owing to bacteremia (P=0.038). The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values of CRP, MCP-1, and IL-8 were (70%, 73%, 51%, and 85%), (64%, 92%, 53%, and 95%), and (71%, 77%, 54%, and 88%), respectively. Combining 2 or 3 markers improved the diagnostic performance of these test, as 78% of group II had elevated 2 or 3 markers versus 16% of the group with no evident infection. Conclusions Low levels of CRP, MCP-1, and IL-8 could identify patients with unexplainable fever; whereas, high levels of these markers were of help in the diagnosis of infectious episodes. A model combining more than 1 marker is recommended in the assessment of febrile neutropenia.
Airline Pricing Behavior Under Limited Inter‐Modal Competition

type="main" xml:id="ecin12104-abs-0001"> This paper empirically analyzes airline pricing for short-haul flights in contexts with no credible threat of inter-modal competition. To this end, we explore the southern Italian market since it is less accessible by other transport modes and thus fares are the direct outcome of air-related competition. We show, in fact, that market power matters, depending on the level of intra-modal competition, and that airlines apply differentiated mark-ups. Besides, consistent with the implementation of inter-temporal price discrimination (IPD), we find a non-monotonic inter-temporal profile of fares with a turning point included in the interval of the 43rd to 45th days before departure. Finally, we provide evidence that in more competitive markets, airlines are more likely to engage in IPD. (JEL L11, L13, L93)
Users flash estimates of the gross domestic product short-term changes of the Czech Republic

The total monthly change of the GDP in constant prices is estimated with the aid of the sectorial turnover indices in constant prices (Ii,T), lagged sectorial indices of the gross value added/turnover ratios (Ii,k), sectorial gross value added structure (wi) and corrective coefficient (kr,t-1). The presented model can be used even by non-statisticians, rendering the flash estimates at the same moment, when the latest sectorial turnover index is beeing published. The procedure applied for the Czech economy in the period April 1999 to July 2000 is illustrated both by Tables and Figures, where the comparison with the official quarterly estimates, which are published aproximately four-five weeks later, is shown.
Identification and Characterization of a Second lexA Gene of Xanthomonas axonopodis Pathovar citri

ABSTRACT We previously identified and characterized a lexA gene from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri. For this study, we cloned and expressed a lexA homologue from X. axonopodis pv. citri. This gene was designated lexA2, and the previously identified lexA gene was renamed lexA1. The coding region of lexA2 is 606 bp long and shares 59% nucleotide sequence identity with lexA1. Analyses of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that LexA2 has structures that are characteristic of LexA proteins, including a helix-turn-helix DNA binding domain and conserved amino acid residues required for the autocleavage of LexA. The lexA2 mutant, which was constructed by gene replacement, was 4 orders of magnitude more resistant to the DNA-damaging agent mitomycin C at 0.1 μg/ml and 1 order of magnitude more resistant to another DNA-damaging agent, methylmethane sulfonate at 30 μg/ml, than the wild type. A lexA1 lexA2 double mutant had the same degree of susceptibility to mitomycin C as the lexA1 or lexA2 single mutant but was 1 order of magnitude more resistant to methylmethane sulfonate at 30 μg/ml than the lexA1 or lexA2 single mutant. These results suggest that LexA1 and LexA2 play different roles in regulating the production of methyltransferases that are required for repairing DNA damage caused by methylmethane sulfonate. A mitomycin C treatment also caused LexA2 to undergo autocleavage, as seen with LexA1. The results of electrophoresis mobility shift assays revealed that LexA2 does not bind the lexA1 promoter. It binds to both the lexA2 and recA promoters. However, neither LexA2 nor LexA1 appears to regulate recA expression, as lexA1, lexA2, and lexA1 lexA2 mutants did not become constitutive for recA transcription and RecA production. These results suggest that recA expression in X. axonopodis pv. citri is regulated by mechanisms that have yet to be identified.
Weather, Salience of Climate Change and Congressional Voting

Climate change is a complex long-run phenomenon. The speed and severity with which it is occurring is difficult to observe, complicating the formation of beliefs for individuals. We use Google search intensity data as a proxy for the salience of climate change and examine how search patterns vary with unusual local weather. We find that searches for “climate change” and “global warming” increase with extreme temperatures and unusual lack of snow. Furthermore, we demonstrate that effects of abnormal weather extend beyond search behavior to observable action on environmental issues. We examine the voting records of members of the U.S. Congress from 2004 to 2011 and find that members are more likely to take a pro-environment stance on votes when their home state experiences unusual weather.
Should Intracerebroventricular Nerve Growth Factor Be Used to Treat Alzheimer's Disease?

Alzheimer's disease (AD), first described in a clinicopathological case report in 1907 [1], is a neurological disorder identified clinically by progressive memory loss and dementia. AD is now recognized as the most common form of adult-onset dementia [2—5] and it is currently estimated that AD affects approximately 10 percent of the population over 65. AD primarily affects the elderly and is characterized by a slow deterioration of cognitive function such that patients late in the course of the disease require virtually constant care. Furthermore, at the end stages of AD, patients often recognize neither friends nor family: a situation that itself can cause much suffering and frustration on the part of the patient's closest associates. Perhaps as a consequence of care-giver frustration, AD patients currently account for the majority of U.S. nursing home admissions [5]. Because this disease places such an enormous emotional and financial burden on both patients and their families, the pressure to find a cure for AD has never been more acute. Toward this end, many laboratories have investigated the histopathology of AD and, through the study of lesion-induced biochemical correlates in rats, have proposed a specific strategy for medical intervention in the early stages of the disease. Over the past eight years, several authors have suggested that the administration of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the cerebroventricular system could potentially slow the clinical manifestations of AD by rescuing neurons destined to die during the course of the disease [6, 7].
Popliteal artery branching patterns detected by digital subtraction angiography.

PURPOSE To describe the popliteal and distal branching patterns detected by digital subtraction angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS The popliteal branching patterns were analyzed in 535 extremities (270 right, 265 left). Of these, 226 limbs were evaluated bilaterally, while 83 were evaluated unilaterally. The branching patterns were classified according to the level of branching and the presence of hypoplasia or aplasia of the distal branches. RESULTS Four hundred and seventy-two (88.1%) limbs had a normal level of popliteal artery branching. Type IA was the most frequently encountered pattern. High division of the popliteal artery was seen in 30 (5.6%) limbs. Type IIA was the most frequently encountered pattern among these limbs. Type IIC was not seen. We encountered a new pattern characterized by high division of the peroneal artery with a trifurcation pattern and an anterior tibial artery with a proximal medial course and a distal lateral course. We called this pattern Type IID. Thirty-three (6.1%) limbs exhibited hypoplasia/aplasia of the distal branches. Type IIIA was the most frequently encountered pattern among these limbs. CONCLUSION Variations that occur in nearly 10% of patients should be understood because they may affect the choice of management strategy.
Estudo em larga escala da dinâmica de cidades e do comportamento social urbano usando redes de sensores participativos

A disponibilidade ubiqua de tecnologia computacional, como smartphones, tablets e outros dispositivos facilmente portateis, bem como a adocao mundial de sites de redes sociais tornamcada vez mais possivel estar conectado e compartilhar dados de forma continua para o processo de publicacao de informacoes massivamente distribuido chamado rede de sensor participativo (RSP). Neste cenario, as pessoas agem como sensores sociais, voluntariamentefornecendo dados que capturam as suas experiencias de vida diaria, e oferecendo diversas observacoes, tanto no mundo fisico (por exemplo, localizacao) quanto no mundo on-line (por exemplo, eventos). Esta grande quantidade de dados sociais podem fornecer novas formasde informacoes valiosas que nao estao disponiveis no momento, a esta escala, utilizando metodos de coleta de dados tradicionais, e podem ser usadas para melhorar os processos de tomada de decisao. Nesta tese, mostramos que RSPs, por exemplo as derivadas do Instagram,Foursquare, e Waze podem atuar como valiosas fontes de sensoriamento em larga escala, proporcionando acesso a caracteristicas importantes do comportamento social urbanode forma mais rapida do que os metodos tradicionais.O objetivo desta tese e a compreensao das propriedades de RSP, e mostrar como elas podem ser usadas para o estudo da dinâmica de cidades e do comportamento social urbano.Nos estudamos redes de sensor participativos derivados de diferentes sistemas, e demonstramos como modelar e extrair conhecimento a partir delas, de forma individual e simultaneamente.Nossos resultados mostram que PSNs tem o potencial de tornarem-se ferramentas fundamentais para apoiar analises em larga grande escala e (quase) tempo real dos diferentes aspectos da dinâmica de cidades e do comportamento social urbana.
Enhancing Discontinuous Innovation through Knowledge Combination: The Case of an Exploratory Unit within an Established Automotive Firm

The literature on innovation management underlines the necessity to separate the exploratory unit that builds new businesses on the basis of radical innovation from the exploitation unit that emphasizes continuous improvement. However, little research focuses on the exploratory unit in itself: the very nature of its activity, its composition, etc. The aim of this article is to analyse the exploratory unit in mobilizing results highlighted by research on organizational creativity. It is argued that in order to enhance discontinuous innovation, knowledge combination should occur and be facilitated in the exploratory unit. Hence, the research question is what organizational design at a fine-grained level and creativity processes are likely to enhance knowledge combination and thus discontinuous innovation? Based on an in-depth study of an exploratory unit created in an established multidivisional firm pursuing the development of discontinuous innovation and which generated several actual breakthroughs, we highlighted four key factors that enhanced knowledge combination: (i) the definition of the scope of the unit, (ii) the composition of the unit and the dual roles of its members, (iii) the boundary objects that supported the interactions between these members during the creativity process, and (iv) the arenas where new knowledge was further created.