Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Invasion of T‐lymphoma cells: cooperation between Rho family GTPases and lysophospholipid receptor signaling

Rho‐like GTPases orchestrate distinct cytoskeletal changes in response to receptor stimulation. Invasion of T‐lymphoma cells into a fibroblast monolayer is induced by Tiam1, an activator of the Rho‐like GTPase Rac, and by constitutively active V12Rac1. Here we show that activated V12Cdc42 can also induce invasion of T‐lymphoma cells. Activated RhoA potentiates invasion, but fails by itself to mimic Rac and Cdc42. However, invasion is inhibited by the Rho‐inactivating C3 transferase. Thus, RhoA is required but not sufficient for invasion. Invasion of T‐lymphoma cells is critically dependent on the presence of serum. Serum can be replaced by the serum‐borne lipids lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) (10−7–10−6 M), which act on distinct G protein‐linked receptors to activate RhoA and phospholipase C (PLC)‐Ca2+ signaling. LPA‐ and S1P‐induced invasion is preceded by Rho‐dependent F‐actin redistribution and pseudopodia formation. However, expression of both V14RhoA and V12Rac1 does not bypass the LPA/S1P requirement for invasion, indicating involvement of an additional signaling pathway independent of RhoA. The PLC inhibitor U‐73122, but not the inactive analog U‐73343, abolishes invasion. Our results indicate that T‐lymphoma invasion is driven by Tiam1/Rac or Cdc42 activation, and is dependent on LPA/S1P receptor‐mediated RhoA and PLC signaling pathways which lead to pseudopod formation and enhanced infiltration.
Hybrid Interrogation System for Distributed Fiber Strain Sensors and Point Temperature Sensors Based on Pulse Correlation and FBGs

A hybrid interrogation scheme for distributed strain sensors and point temperature sensors is proposed and its feasibility is demonstrated. It exploits the advantages of distributed sensors and point sensors simultaneously. The proposed interrogation scheme uses a wavelength tunable pulse source and wavelength-dependent reflectors for region selective sensing. Experimental results confirm its linear response and a resolution of 0.02% of the total dynamic range, which in our experiment is over 2000 microstrains for sensing regions of around a 0.5-m length. The stability of the measurements is over 99.8%. Finally, the high input power from the signal source and the limited losses from the reflectors allow the usage of a large number of sensors in a fiber.
Applying Clustering Algorithms to Solve E-learning Problems

Several researches have been carried out in the field of the analysis of traces in a digital learning environment. The usage of e-learning platform produce large volumes of usage trace from the various actions performed by a user. However, to exploit these data, compare and improve performance, several issues are raised, to remedy this, several works that deal with this problematic are current nowadays. This research studied a series of questions about the format and the description of the data to be processed. Our goal is to share thoughts on these issues by presenting our experience in the analysis of trace-based log files, to compare several approaches used in automatic non supervised classification applied to e-learning platforms. The results and the model used is presented and discussed. Finally the encountered difficulties are presented.
Schizoaffective Psychosis: I. Comparative Long-term Outcome

• Patients from the Chestnut Lodge (Rockville, Md) followup study with schizoaffective (SA) psychosis (n =68) were compared with patients with DSM-III schizophrenia (S, n =163), bipolar disorder (n =19), and unipolar disorder (n =44) on multiple premorbid, morbid, and outcome dimensions. This study required that patients with SA disorder satisfy DSM-III criteria for both S and affective disorder (minus mutual exclusionary criteria). The SA cohort demographic and premorbid profile paralleled that of the cohort with unipolar disorder. At follow-up, however, the profile of SA psychosis paralleled that of S, with no significant differences between these patients on virtually all outcome measures. Results suggest that among samples of long-term inpatients, SA psychosis as defined herein is closer to S than to affective disorder.
Multiband MIMO antenna with reduction in mutual coupling and ECC

A Multiband MIMO antenna is proposed with reduction in mutual coupling and Envelope correlation coefficient. In order to increase data rate in 4G wireless technology Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) technology is obtained, but mutual coupling and ECC are drawbacks in this technology. Mutual coupling between two antennas can be reduced to -18.7dB using simple slot structure on the ground surface and Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC) can be reduced to 0.29 using scatter elements on sides of antenna. A MIMO antenna having slot structure on the ground surface and scatter elements on the sides of substrate can reduce mutual coupling upto -18.78dB and ECC upto 0.27 simultaneously.
Free Energy Changes in Ribonuclease A Denaturation

The unfolding of ribonuclease A by urea, guanidine hydrochloride, lithium perchlorate, lithium chloride, and lithium bromide has been followed by circular dichroic and difference spectral measurements. All three abnormal tyrosyl residues are normalized in urea and guanidine hydrochloride (At287 = -2700), only two are normalized in lithium bromide and lithium perchlorate (At287 = -1700), and only one is exposed in lithium chloride solutions (&287 = -700). The Gibbs energies are 4.7 f 0.1 kcal mol” for ureaand guanidine hydrochloride-denaturation, 3.8 f 0.2 kcal mol-1 for lithium perchlorate-denaturation, and 12.7 2 0.2 kcal mol” for lithium chlorideand lithium bromidedenaturation of ribonuclease A. The latter results suggest that the mechanism of the unfolding process in urea and guanidine hydrochloride is quite different from that in lithium salts.
Dual-band bandpass filters using SIRs with open-stub line and zero-degree feed structure

A novel compact dual-band bandpass filter (DBPF) using SIRs with open-stub line and 0-degree feed structure is presented in this paper. The low-band is obtained by using hairpin type Stepped Impedance Resonators (SIR) split ring through electrical coupling, And by tuning a pair of open-stub lines the high-band is realized too. In order to improve the stop band attenuation, zero-degree feed structure is implemented to introduce three transmission zeros. So the proposed DBPF has high selectivity, and is also simple in design and compact in structure. Finally the proposed filter is designed and fabricated, and the simulation and test results are in good agreement.
Algorithms for Independent Low-Rank Matrix Analysis

This document summarizes an algorithm for independent low-rank matrix analysis, which was proposed as determined rank-1 multichannel nonnegative matrix factorization in the following published papers: Daichi Kitamura, Nobutaka Ono, Hiroshi Sawada, Hirokazu Kameoka, and Hiroshi Saruwatari, “Efficient multichannel nonnegative matrix factorization exploiting rank-1 spatial model,” Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2015), pp. 276–280, April 2015. Daichi Kitamura, Nobutaka Ono, Hiroshi Sawada, Hirokazu Kameoka, and Hiroshi Saruwatari, “Determined blind source separation unifying independent vector analysis and nonnegative matrix factorization,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 1626–1641, September, 2016 (open access). Two detailed algorithms for implementation and some empirical knowledges for the use of them are described in this document.
Neural Stance Detectors for Fake News Challenge

Fake news pose serious threat to our society nowadays, particularly due to its wide spread through social networks. While human fact checkers cannot handle such tremendous information online in real time, AI technology can be lever-aged to automate fake news detection. The ﬁrst step leading to a sophisticated fake news detection system is the stance detection between statement and body text. In this work, we analyze the dataset from Fake News Challenge (FNC1) and explore several neural stance detection models based on the ideas of natural language inference and machine comprehension. Experiment results show that all neural network models can outperform the hand-crafted feature based system. By improving Attentive Reader with a full attention mechanism between body text and headline and implementing bilateral multi-perspective mathcing models, we are able to further bring up the performance and reach metric score close to 87% .
An intuitive text input method for touch wheels

In this paper we describe a new method for doing text input with touch sensitive wheels. The method is called Transparent User guided Prediction (TUP). With TUP all characters are assigned to fixed positions on the wheel. A language prediction algorithm is used to make it easy to select the most likely characters. The use of the prediction algorithm is transparent for the users, which makes the use of TUP very intuitive. A prototype of TUP is evaluated against the date stamp method for doing wheel text input. Text entry speed for TUP is about 6-7 words per minute for novice users. This is approximately 30% faster than the date stamp method.
Naturalistic changes in the readiness to quit tobacco smoking in a German general population sample.

BACKGROUND This study examines naturalistic changes, i.e., changes that occur without formal interventions, in the motivational readiness to quit tobacco smoking. The transtheoretical model (TTM) with the proposed five stages of change (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance) is used as the theoretical framework. METHODS Data were collected as part of a representative general population study in Germany. A total of 786 individuals was assessed two times, 6 months apart, with respect to stage of change. Latent Transition Analysis (LTA) was employed as a special statistical method to analyze stage movements over time. RESULTS The best-fitting model to describe naturalistic stage movements included both forward and backward movements. A high proportion of the sample was in the precontemplation stage across both measurement occasions. There were high rates of stage regressions over the 6-month period. CONCLUSIONS In a German representative population of smokers, smoking behavior change toward abstinence does not occur naturally in a substantial amount over the 6-month period without intervention. Differing findings in studies for populations in the United States could be due to methodological differences or differences in tobacco-control conditions.
Maternal drug abuse versus maternal depression: Vulnerability and resilience among school-age and adolescent offspring

In this study of 360 low-income mother–child dyads, our primary goal was to disentangle risks linked with commonly co-occurring maternal diagnoses: substance abuse and affective/anxiety disorders. Variable- and person-based analyses suggest that, at least through children's early adolescence, maternal drug use is no more inimical for them than is maternal depression. A second goal was to illuminate vulnerability and protective processes linked with mothers' everyday functioning, and results showed that negative parenting behaviors were linked with multiple adverse child outcomes. Conversely, the other parenting dimensions showed more domain specificity; parenting stress was linked with children's lifetime diagnoses, and limit setting and closeness with children's externalizing problems and everyday competence, respectively. Results are discussed in terms of implications for resilience theory, interventions, and social policy.Preparation of this manuscript was funded in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (RO1-DA10726, RO1-DA11498, and R01-DA14385).
High-Gain Dielectric-Loaded Vivaldi Antenna for $K_{a}$ -Band Applications

In this letter, a novel concept of a high-gain Vivaldi antenna operating in the Ka frequency band is proposed. The antenna is fed by the substrate integrated waveguide. The concept overcomes shortcomings of conventional antipodal Vivaldi antenna using dielectric load with printed metal transition and transverse ripples. The added parts are optimized to obtain a wideband high-gain antenna with low cross polarization. The fabricated antenna shows very good performance over the entire Ka band where the measured gain is more than 10.5 dBi.
Statistical characterization of pulsar glitches and their potential impact on searches for continuous gravitational waves

Continuous gravitational waves from neutron stars could provide an invaluable resource to learn about their interior physics. A common search method involves matched-filtering a modeled template against the noisy gravitational-wave data to find signals. This method suffers a mismatch (i.e. relative loss of signal-to-noise ratio) if the signal deviates from the template. One possible instance in which this may occur is if the neutron star undergoes a glitch, a sudden rapid increase in the rotation frequency seen in the timing of many radio pulsars. In this work, we use a statistical characterization of glitch rate and size in radio pulsars to estimate how often neutron star glitches would occur within the parameter space of continuous gravitational-wave searches, and how much mismatch putative signals would suffer in the search due to these glitches. We find that for many previous and potential future searches, continuous-wave signals have an elevated probability of undergoing one or more glitches, and that these glitches will often lead to a substantial fraction of the signal-to-noise ratio being lost. This could lead to a failure to identify candidate gravitational wave signals in the initial stages of a search, and also to the false dismissal of candidates in subsequent follow-up stages.
Activity Discovery Using Large-Scale GeoTagged Social Media

Understanding human activities is gradually recognized as a cornerstone task that is critical to a large number of practical applications, ranging from urban planning to location recommendation. While traditional approaches of analyzing people’s city-wide activities heavily rely on paid surveys and human investigations , the explosively growing geo-tagged social media (GSM) brings new opportunities of solving such problems. A key challenge in activity discovery is how to model human activity from the highly noisy and complex GSM data. In this paper, we propose GSM2VEC, an efficient and scalable method that analyzes people’s city-wide activities using large-scale geotagged social media (GSM) data. GSM2VEC consists of three key modules. The first module is a classifier that distinguishes activityrelated records from babbling records. Specifically, we build a cotraining framework that leverages both keyword semantic similarity and spatiotemporal distribution similarity. The second module is a scalable and effective clustering framework that finds a number of micro-hotspots in both the geographical and temporal spaces. The third module of GSM2VEC embeds temporal, spatial and textual units from those extracted micro-hotspots into a unified space. As a result, given any two of the three units, the left unit can be inferred by maximizing its correlation with those two input unit. Our extensive experiments on millions of geo-tagged tweets generated in New York and Los Angeles show that GSM2VEC signifcantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in all three problems: text prediction, location prediction, and time prediction.
The use of an anaesthetic simulator to assess single-use laryngoscopy equipment.

OBJECTIVE To compare the view at simulated direct laryngoscopy obtained with a standard laryngoscope, with and without a disposable cover and a disposable laryngoscope blade. DESIGN Randomized non-blinded comparison. SETTING The high-fidelity human patient simulator at the Scottish Clinical Simulation Centre. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-two anaesthetists with between 11 months and 25 years of experience. INTERVENTIONS A randomized comparison of ease of laryngoscopy with each laryngoscope option for simulated easy and difficult laryngoscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The best grade achievable at laryngoscopy (Cormack and Lehane grade) for each laryngoscope, for both easy and difficult laryngoscopy. RESULTS For the easy setting, 34% (P = 0.001) of anaesthetists graded laryngoscopy more difficult with the covered laryngoscope, and 22% (P = 0.008) with the disposable laryngoscope considered laryngoscopy more difficult than with the standard laryngoscope. For the difficult simulator setting, 69% (P < 0.001) found laryngoscopy more difficult with the covered laryngoscope and 69% (P < 0.001) with the disposable laryngoscope, when compared with the standard laryngoscope. There was no difference between the laryngoscopy grades for the covered and disposable laryngoscope for either easy (P = 0.21) or difficult (P = 0.87) simulation. CONCLUSIONS Single-use equipment, as presently recommended for tonsillectomy surgery by the UK Department of Health, makes laryngoscopy more difficult for anaesthetists.
Time-varying Feedback Stabilization of Car-like Wheeled Mobile Robots

Many nonholonomic mechanical systems, such as common wheeled mobile robots, are controllable but cannot be stabilized to given positions and orientations bv using smooth pure-state feedback control. However, as shown in Samson (1990), such systems may still be stabilized by using smooth time-varying feedbacks,—i.e., feedbacks that explicitly depend on the time variable. This possibility is here applied to the stabilization of a class of nonlinear systems whose equations encompass simple car models. A set of stabilizing smooth time-varying feedbacks is derived, and simulation results are given.
Extramedullary myeloid tumour (EMMT) of the gallbladder

This report describes a rare case of an extramedullary myeloid tumour (EMMT) of the gallbladder in a patient without leukaemia. A 33 year old man visited a local hospital because of jaundice. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a tumorous mass measuring 6.0 × 4.5 cm and involving the entire gallbladder. A percutaneous needle biopsy was attempted, but because adenocarcinoma could not be completely ruled out, the use of undue force was considered dangerous. Under a preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma, a hepatopancreatoduodenectomy was performed. The tumour cells exhibited various amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm, had medium sized round nuclei with indentation and grooving, and were strongly immunoreactive for myeloperoxidase, CD43, and c-kit protein (CD117). After surgery, the patient underwent combination chemotherapy as prescribed for cases of acute myeloblastic leukaemia. The patient did not develop acute leukaemia during a follow up period of four years. In conclusion, a correct diagnosis of EMMT can be made using appropriate immunohistochemical staining.
RNA interference: on the road to an alternate therapeutic strategy!

RNA interference (RNAi) is a newly described natural biological phenomenon mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules which target viral mRNA for degradation by cellular enzymes. RNAi has become a method of choice for studying gene function, especially in mammalian systems. With proof‐of‐concept studies already presented against a wide variety of human pathogens and several innovative methods of delivering the siRNA to a wide variety of primary cells available, the role for siRNA as a potential therapeutic strategy is becoming increasingly clear. This review presents recent advances in this direction. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Construction and Analysis of the NCI-EDRN Breast Cancer Reference Set for Circulating Markers of Disease

Background: Many circulating biomarkers have been reported for the diagnosis of breast cancer, but few, if any, have undergone rigorous credentialing using prospective cohorts and blinded evaluation. Methods: The NCI Early Detection Research Network (EDRN) has created a prospective, multicenter collection of plasma and serum samples from 832 subjects designed to evaluate circulating biomarkers for the detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. These samples are available to investigators who wish to evaluate their biomarkers using a set of blinded samples. The breast cancer reference set is composed of blood samples collected using a standard operating procedure at four U.S. medical centers from 2008 to 2010 from women undergoing either tissue diagnosis for breast cancer or routine screening mammography. The reference set contains samples from women with incident invasive cancer (n = 190), carcinoma in situ (n = 55), benign pathology with atypia (n = 63), benign disease with no atypia (n = 231), and women with no evidence of breast disease by screening mammography (BI-RADS 1 or 2, n = 276). Using a subset of plasma samples (n = 505) from the reference set, we analyzed 90 proteins by multiplexed immunoassays for their potential utility as diagnostic markers. Results: We found that none of these markers is useful for distinguishing cancer from benign controls. However, elevated CA-125 does appear to be a candidate marker for estrogen receptor–negative cancers. Conclusions: Markers that can distinguish benign breast conditions from invasive cancer have not yet been found. Impact: Availability of prospectively collected samples should improve future validation efforts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(2); 435–41. ©2014 AACR.
Structural features of a zinc binding site in the superantigen strepococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SpeA1): Implications for MHC class II recognition

Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SpeA) is produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, and has been associated with severe infections such as scarlet fever and Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS). In this study, the crystal structure of SpeA1 (the product of speA allele 1) in the presence of 2.5 mM zinc was determined at 2.8 Å resolution. The protein crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P21212, with four molecules in the crystallographic asymmetric unit. The final structure has a crystallographic R‐factor of 21.4% for 7,031 protein atoms, 143 water molecules, and 4 zinc atoms (one zinc atom per molecule). Four protein ligands—Glu 33, Asp 77, His 106, and His 110—form a zinc binding site that is similar to the one observed in a related superantigen, staphylococcoal enterotoxin C2. Mutant toxin forms substituting Ala for each of the zinc binding residues were generated. The affinity of these mutants for zinc ion confirms the composition of this metal binding site. The implications of zinc binding to SpeA1 for MHC class II recognition are explored using a molecular modeling approach. The results indicate that, despite their common overall architecture, superantigens appear to have multiple ways of complex formation with MHC class II molecules.
Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Short-Channel Transistors Operating at Ultra-Low Voltages

Given that power consumption and short-channel effects exist in a trade-off relationship, there has been much effort to investigate short-channel transistors which enable relative reductions in the operating voltage. Recently, the feasibility of transistors operating at ultra-low voltages with a nanometer-scale channel length has been extensively investigated for future nanoelectronics. Here, we demonstrate solution-processed single-walled carbon nanotubes-based thin-film transistors (SWCNT-TFTs) with a sub-20-nm-channel operating at ultra-low voltages which utilize an electromigration technique that induces a broken bridge of nanoparticles. By employing the post-treatment process of thermal annealing in a vacuum, the charge transport of the short-channel SWCNT-TFTs was improved. The origin of such improvements is presumed to reduce the charge impurities, including organic/inorganic residues as defect states, as well as to improve electric contact between the SWCNT and the metal electrode, which strongly affects the one-dimensional charge transport.