Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SAE2: advances on the social adaptive ensemble classifier for data streams

This work presents SAE2, a dynamic ensemble classifier for data stream classification that is built on the Social Adaptive Ensemble (SAE). Similarly to its predecessor, SAE2 maintains an ensemble of classifiers arranged as a network in which connections are created between two classifiers if they have similar predictions. In comparison with SAE, SAE2 includes a more scalable adaptation method, achieved by updating classifier's connections weights before they are added to the ensemble; an alternative combination method based on maximal cliques; a voting strategy based on weighted majority, which diminishes prediction ties; and some other minor enhancements, such as a threshold to limit the maximum ensemble size. We present empirical experiments with synthetic and real data streams containing gradual, abrupt and no drift and compare SAE2 to state-of-the-art data stream classifiers. Our analysis shows that SAE2 is able to deliver high accuracy on a multitude of data streams, sometimes outperforming state-of-the-art data stream classifiers, without demanding as much processing time and memory as some of them.
Wolffs Headache and Other Head Pain

Our knowledge and understanding of headache and its management have changed significantly in the twenty-first century. A new international headache classification has been adopted; headache pathophysiology and genetics have advanced; and epidemiologic studies have burgeoned. We have greater insights into the diagnosis and treatment of the secondary headaches. New treatments are available for primary headache disorders, including migraine, cluster, and chronic daily headache, and our understanding and knowledge are increasing by means of ongoing trials. The 8th edition encompasses all of this new material, with all chapters updated and many new authors added.
Gold Nanoparticle-Assisted AFM Study of DNA Damage and Repair

The purpose of this research is to investigate gold nanoparticles as a potential scaffold for the characterization of DNA damage and repair using atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The procedure consists of functionalizing the surface of gold nanoparticles with DNA which are then immobilized onto amine modified silicon or glass surfaces. Our objective is to examine various lesions in individual DNA molecules and follow in the AFM their direct reversal by DNA repair enzymes. In order to achieve this goal DNA repair proteins such as photolyase (repairs UV damaged thymine dimers in DNA using blue-light energy) is used as damage markers and imaged in complexes with DNA by AFM in order to locate and identify the damage sites. Force spectroscopy measurements will determine the mechanical fingerprints of various types of DNA damage caused by UV and gamma radiation and directly follow damage reversal in the presence of the repair activities. AFM images will be further compared with in vitro photoreactivation assay results.
The Vowels of Proto Uto-Aztecan

0. The two major works presently available concerning the reconstruction of Proto Uto-Aztecan (PUA) are in substantial agreement with regard to the major outlines of the PUA sound inventory. In initial position, both Voegelin, Voegelin, and Hale (henceforth VVH) and Miller reconstruct the following proto consonants: *p *t *c *k *kw *? *s *h *m *n *w *y; the essential validity of this reconstruction is easily confirmed by an examination of cognate sets. ' Moreover, both VVH and Miller reconstruct a five vowel system for PUA and agree on *i, *a, *u, and *o to represent four of the
Network Immunization with Distributed Autonomy-Oriented Entities

Many communication systems, e.g., internet, can be modeled as complex networks. For such networks, immunization strategies are necessary for preventing malicious attacks or viruses being percolated from a node to its neighboring nodes following their connectivities. In recent years, various immunization strategies have been proposed and demonstrated, most of which rest on the assumptions that the strategies can be executed in a centralized manner and/or that the complex network at hand is reasonably stable (its topology will not change overtime). In other words, it would be difficult to apply them in a decentralized network environment, as often found in the real world. In this paper, we propose a decentralized and scalable immunization strategy based on a self-organized computing approach called autonomy-oriented computing (AOC) [1], [2]. In this strategy, autonomous behavior-based entities are deployed in a decentralized network, and are capable of collectively finding those nodes with high degrees of conductivities (i.e., those that can readily spread viruses). Through experiments involving both synthetic and real-world networks, we demonstrate that this strategy can effectively and efficiently locate highly-connected nodes in decentralized complex network environments of various topologies, and it is also scalable in handling large-scale decentralized networks. We have compared our strategy with some of the well-known strategies, including acquaintance and covering strategies on both synthetic and real-world networks.
High-Leve 1 Tuber Expression and Sucrose lnducibility of a Potato Sus 4 Sucrose Synthase Gene Require 5 ' and 3 ' Flanking Sequences and the Leader lntron

The 3.6 kb of 5' flanking sequence, leader intron, and 0.7 kb of 3' sequence from the potato sucrose synthase gene Sus416 are sufficient to direct high-leve1 expression in developing tubers, in basal tissues of axillary buds and shoots, and in meristems and caps of roots, and to confer sucrose inducibility in leaves. By examining a series of deletion and substitution constructs in transgenic potato plants, we found that this pattern of expression requires 5' flanking sequences both upstream and downstream of position -1500 and that sequences between positions -1500 and -267 are essential for sucrose induction. Replacement of the native 3' sequence with the nopaline synthase 3' sequence resulted in the loss of sucrose inducibility and of expression in basal tissues of axillary buds. A general decrease in expression in other tissues was also observed. Removal of the 1612-bp leader intron also had a dramatic effect on both the pattern and level of expression.
Distinct and Diverse: Range-Wide Phylogeography Reveals Ancient Lineages and High Genetic Variation in the Endangered Okapi (Okapia johnstoni)

The okapi is an endangered, evolutionarily distinctive even-toed ungulate classified within the giraffidae family that is endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo. The okapi is currently under major anthropogenic threat, yet to date nothing is known about its genetic structure and evolutionary history, information important for conservation management given the species' current plight. The distribution of the okapi, being confined to the Congo Basin and yet spanning the Congo River, also makes it an important species for testing general biogeographic hypotheses for Congo Basin fauna, a currently understudied area of research. Here we describe the evolutionary history and genetic structure of okapi, in the context of other African ungulates including the giraffe, and use this information to shed light on the biogeographic history of Congo Basin fauna in general. Using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of mainly non-invasively collected samples, we show that the okapi is both highly genetically distinct and highly genetically diverse, an unusual combination of genetic traits for an endangered species, and feature a complex evolutionary history. Genetic data are consistent with repeated climatic cycles leading to multiple Plio-Pleistocene refugia in isolated forests in the Congo catchment but also imply historic gene flow across the Congo River.
Male College Students Using Sexually Aggressive Strategies: Findings on the Interpersonal Relationship Profile

Limited interpersonal skills and relationship deficits are recognized as risk factors for sexual aggression as committed by convicted sexual offenders. Yet, less severe forms of sexual aggression are frequently perpetrated by nonforensic samples, including highly educated samples. This study was aimed at characterizing a sample of male college students reporting sexually aggressive strategies as a means to initiate sexual intercourse according to a set of interpersonal relationship factors, thus extending the knowledge on the role of interpersonal dimensions to the distinct contexts of sexual violence. Three hundred eight male college students completed a web survey assessing adult attachment styles, intimacy perception, interpersonal style, and psychosocial adjustment. Findings showed that 162 students (>50%) reported to have used some form of sexually aggressive strategy against women to initiate sexual contact. After controlling for the effects of social desirability, participants reporting sexually aggressive strategies presented significantly less confidence trusting others, more lack of perceived personal validation (within relationships), a more aggressive interpersonal style, and higher levels of hostility. Findings suggest that sexual violence, as measured in the context of college samples, may have an interpersonal nature, reflecting deficient social and intimacy skills; preventive programs are thus expected to enhance interpersonal relationship strategies as well as target individuals’ perceived interpersonal vulnerability.
The social psychology of material possessions: To have is to be

To have is to be - is that the question? biological accounts of possessions and property - the "acquisitive instinct" in modern disguise? the individual-centred approach - material possessions as parts of the extended self a social constructionist perspective - possessions as material symbols of identity possessions as symbolic expressions of identity material possessions as reflections of identity - gender, social-material position and social groups fine weather makes fine birds - the impact of material context on perceived identity the current Western conception of identity - the materialism-idealism paradox.
Overview of the IWSLT 2012 evaluation campaign

We report on the ninth evaluation campaign organized by the IWSLT workshop. This year, the evaluation offered multiple tracks on lecture translation based on the TED corpus, and one track on dialog translation from Chinese to English based on the Olympic trilingual corpus. In particular, the TED tracks included a speech transcription track in English, a speech translation track from English to French, and text translation tracks from English to French and from Arabic to English. In addition to the official tracks, ten unofficial MT tracks were offered that required translating TED talks into English from either Chinese, Dutch, German, Polish, Portuguese (Brazilian), Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovene, or Turkish. 16 teams participated in the evaluation and submitted a total of 48 primary runs. All runs were evaluated with objective metrics, while runs of the official translation tracks were also ranked by crowd-sourced judges. In particular, subjective ranking for the TED task was performed on a progress test which permitted direct comparison of the results from this year against the best results from the 2011 round of the evaluation campaign.
Wavelet-based signal design for reduced jitter timing-recovery

This paper addresses two issues in clock synchronization in the context of the theory of wavelets: design of prefilters eliminating pattern-dependent jitter (PPJ) and design of low-jitter shaping pulses for timing recovery. We derive low-jitter symmetric and time-limited shaping pulses via a perturbational technique from the autocorrelation of the Daubechies (1992) scaling function.
An alternative selection procedure: The low-fidelity simulation.

Creation d'un test de simulation de faible fidelite pour selectionner a l'entree les dirigeants de l'industrie des telecommunications. La simulation montre des postulants en diverses situations de travail et 5 alternatives de reponse pour chaque situation. Les sujets choisissent la reponse qu'ils feraient le plus volontiers et le moins volontiers dans chaque situation. Correlations avec les evaluations de la performance des superviseurs
Prospective and retrospective evaluations of experiences: How you evaluate an experience depends on when you evaluate it

Prior research (cf. Soman & Shi, 2001) has shown that obstacles and periods of low progress in an experience reduce the evaluation of that experience. In this research, we propose that the temporal distance between the obstacle and the time of making the evaluation moderates the effect of the obstacle. Consequently, an early (late) obstacle reduces prospective (retrospective) evaluation more significantly than a late (early) obstacle. In two experiments, we find support for this temporal proximity hypothesis. Further, differences between prospective and retrospective evaluations disappeared when the data were analyzed in terms of temporal distance, suggesting that the judgment policies underlying prospective and retrospective evaluations were the same. We also show that it is possible to create pairs of paths such that one of the two paths would be preferred when viewed in prospect, but the other path might be preferred in retrospect. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Presidential Address: Families, Lies, and Videotapes

This article compares the results of two longitudinal studies on the effects of divorce and remarriage on children's adjustment, one involving preadolescent children and one involving early adolescent children. With younger children the adverse effects of divorce and life in a single parent household headed by a divorced custodial mother are more marked and enduring for sons than for daughters. In contrast, although both male and female preadolescent children initially are disrupted by and resistant to the entry of a stepfather, boys may eventually adapt to and benefit from a close relationship with the stepfather. Few gender differences are found in adolescents' responses to their parents divorce or remarriage. Early adolescence is an especially difficult time in which to have a remarriage occur. No improvement in stepfather-adolescent relationships or in adolescents' behavior problems occurs in stepfamilies over the first 26 months of remarriage.
Retrofitting Concept Vector Representations of Medical Concepts to Improve Estimates of Semantic Similarity and Relatedness

Estimation of semantic similarity and relatedness between biomedical concepts has utility for many informatics applications. Automated methods fall into two categories: methods based on distributional statistics drawn from text corpora, and methods using the structure of existing knowledge resources. Methods in the former category disregard taxonomic structure, while those in the latter fail to consider semantically relevant empirical information. In this paper, we present a method that retrofits distributional context vector representations of biomedical concepts using structural information from the UMLS Metathesaurus, such that the similarity between vector representations of linked concepts is augmented. We evaluated it on the UMNSRS benchmark. Our results demonstrate that retrofitting of concept vector representations leads to better correlation with human raters for both similarity and relatedness, surpassing the best results reported to date. They also demonstrate a clear improvement in performance on this reference standard for retrofitted vector representations, as compared to those without retrofitting.
Spontaneous GABA * Receptor-Mediated Inhibitory Currents in Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex

1. Spontaneous inhibitory synaptic currents ( sIPSCS) were studied with whole cell voltage-clamp recordings from 13 1 pyramidal cells in adult rat somatosensory cortical slices. Neurons were intracellulary labeled with biocytin and classfied as supragranular (SG, layers 2-3), layer IV (IV), or infragranular (IG, layer V) on the basis of the laminar localization of their somata. Somatic areas were similar for SG, IV, and IG neurons. All identified pyramidal cells generated high-frequency y-aminobutyric acid (GABA*) receptormediated synaptic events. 2. Bath application of bicuculline blocked the sIPSCS and resulted in a decrease of -0.5 nS in resting conductance and an inward shift in baseline current. 3. sIPSC frequency was significantly lower in SG versus IG or IV neurons, and this difference was accounted for by the occurrence of a higher percentage of bursts of sIPSCs in the IG and IV neurons. 4. Bath application of the a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic (AMPA) receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) decreased the frequency of sIPSCS by 13-21%. By contrast, application of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist D-2amino-5phosphonovaleric acid ( D-AI5 ) generally had no effect on spontaneous IPSC frequency, suggesting that AMPA rather than NMDA receptor activation contributed to resting discharge of inhibitory interneurons. 5. Addition of tetrodotoxin (TTX) to the perfusion medium reduced the spontaneous IPSC frequency by -30~55%. The miniature IPSCs (mIPSCs) seen in TTX-containing solutions had a frequency of -10 Hz and an average conductance of 0.42-0.48 nS. 6. The kinetic properties of mIPSCs generated in pyramidal cells of different layers were the same, with the rise times of -0.9 ms and decay time constants of -8 ms at a holding potential of 0 mV. The decay phase of mIPSCs was generally fitted by one exponential and displayed a voltage dependence with an e-fold increase in decay time constant for a every 198-mV depolarization. 7. These results show that there is ongoing spontaneous release of GABA in neocortical slices that gives rise to high-frequency impulse-related and non-impulse-related postsynaptic inhibitory currents. Activation of AMPA receptors on inhibitory interneurons accounts for only a small proportion of the GABA, receptormediated events. Judging from the distribution of mIPSC frequencies in neurons of different laminae, there is a relatively uniform distribution of inhibitory synapses throughout the cortex. Tonic activation of GABA, receptors on neocortical pyramidal neurons generates an increase in resting membrane conductance that may play an important role in vivo by preventing the development of hyperexcitability, modulating excitatory synaptic events, and controlling the rate and patterns of spike discharge.
MASS simulations under strong scintillation

Continuing the study of MASS behavior under string scintillation, we simulated intensity patterns resulting from a single turbulent layer, of varying intensity. The turbulence strength is parametrized by the seeing (at 500nm). The code simatmpoly.pro computes intensity distributions for polychromatic light passing through an arbitrary number of turbulent phase screens. The turbulence profile is specified by the relative strength of these screens (sum to unity), the total is determined by the seeing. The polychromatic light is modeled by a set of discrete wavelengths [λ], each with its own intensity [sp]. Each wavelength is propagated (independently of others) through the common set of screens, and the resulting intensity patterns are averaged with the relative weight [sp].
Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in human cholangiocarcinoma cells treated with Clonorchis sinensis excretory–secretory products

Severe Clonorchis sinensis infection is a significant risk factor for malignant changes in bile ducts and surrounding liver tissues occurring as a result of direct contact with C. sinensis worms and their excretory–secretory products (ESP). However, the intrinsic molecular mechanisms involved in these processes remain obscure. To determine the effects of C. sinensis infection on protein expression in host bile duct epithelium, we examined proteomic profile changes in the human cholangiocarcinoma cell line (HuCCT1) treated with ESP at 24 h. Using a combination of 2‐DE, quantitative image and MALDI‐TOF MS analysis, we identified 83 proteins that were translationally modulated in response to ESP, among which 49 were up‐regulated and 34 down‐regulated. These proteins were classified under various biological categories, including metabolism, cell structure and architecture, proteolysis, protein modification, transport, signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. In particular, ESP induced the expression of redox‐regulating proteins, including peroxiredoxins (Prdx 2, 3, and 6) and thioredoxin 1 (Trx 1), possibly via intracellular ROS generation. Application of the proteomic approach to identify ESP response proteins should be a prerequisite before further investigation to clarify the molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in C. sinensis infection of host cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 108: 1376–1388, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
NCBI’s Database of Genotypes and Phenotypes: dbGaP

The Database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGap, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gap) is a National Institutes of Health-sponsored repository charged to archive, curate and distribute information produced by studies investigating the interaction of genotype and phenotype. Information in dbGaP is organized as a hierarchical structure and includes the accessioned objects, phenotypes (as variables and datasets), various molecular assay data (SNP and Expression Array data, Sequence and Epigenomic marks), analyses and documents. Publicly accessible metadata about submitted studies, summary level data, and documents related to studies can be accessed freely on the dbGaP website. Individual-level data are accessible via Controlled Access application to scientists across the globe.
New approach to the artificial force concept for skid-steering mobile platform

In the paper control algorithm for skid-steering mobile platform is presented. For mathematical model of such an object, expressed in auxiliary coordinates, control law based on the idea of artificial force is introduced. A skid-steering mobile platform is an underactuated control system with a rectangular input matrix. In the approach explored in the paper it was assumed that there exists an additional control input, giving an additional column in input matrix and causing this matrix invertible. Because such an actuator does not exist in reality, this input was kept equal to zero equivalently. Simulations have proved proper work of this method.
3D time-space path planning algorithm in dynamic environment utilizing Arrival Time Field and Heuristically Randomized Tree

This paper deals with a path planning problem in the dynamic and cluttered environments. The presence of moving obstacles and kinodynamic constraints of the robot increases the complexity of path planning problem. We model the environment and motion of dynamic obstacles in 3D time-space. We propose the utilization of the arrival time field for examining the most promising area in those obstacles-occupied 3D time-space for approaching the goal. The arrival time field is used for guiding the expansion of a randomized tree search in a favorable way, considering kinodynamic constraints of the robot. The quality and the optimality of the path are taken into account by performing heuristic methods on the randomized tree. Simulation results are also provided to prove the feasibility, possibility, and effectiveness of our algorithm.