Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting connection-holding time for an efficient dynamic traffic grooming

Progress in network technologies and protocols is paving the road towards flexible optical transport networks, in which dynamic leasable circuits could be set up and released on a short-term basis according to customers requirements. Recently, new solutions for automatized network management promise to allow customers to on-line specify the terms of the Service Level Agreement (SLA) to be guaranteed by the service provider. Since this new information is made available, we propose to exploit the knowledge of connection holding time, among the other Service Level Specifications (SLS), to improve the routing efficiency. In this work we consider that a typical electronic-layer (e.g. SDH or MPLS) demand requires only a fraction of the capacity of the single wavelength bandwidth and we investigate a new algorithm for traffic grooming of sub-wavelength connections in an optical mesh network. We rely on the knowledge of the holding time of connection requests to efficiently exploit lightpath capacity and hence to achieve significant reduction in blocking probability for the traffic grooming problem. For a typical US nationwide network, we compare holding-time aware to holding-time-unaware, but otherwise efficient, approaches, obtaining remarkable reduction of blocking probability for practical scenarios.
Semantic Perception using Spatial Potential Fields

Dealing with knowledge from the human natural environment is one of the most important capabilities that robotic systems should be equipped with to act autonomously. Moreover, a robot cannot perform a given task properly without knowing the meaning of the contained objects. In addition, semantic perception is very challenging and robots must be able to deal with uncertainties and ambiguities that may occur partially caused by noisy sensors. In this paper the concept of a novel approach for semantic object recognition for indoor scenes is presented. In our method, spatial potential fields are defined to model probabilistic spatial relations between objects. These relations can then be used to recognise specific objects and find their most probable position in a given environment.
Research regarding production and reproductive traits on the first four lactation, in Romanian Black and White dairy cows.

Through this study, we proposed evaluation the productive and reproductive traits in a number of the 1196 Romanian Black and White cows, raised in four farms in semiintensive and intensive system. Thus, based on data on milk production and centralized, we obtained the largest quantity of milk in lactation second 7151.38 ± 106.27 kg, with 4.70 ± 0.2% fat, respectively, 300.61 ± 4.70 kg fat, 3.36 ± 0.01% protein, 240.61 ± 3.62 kg respective proteins. Regarding productive precocity, first lactation represents 97.76% of maximum lactation. In terms of breeding characters, age at first calving was 876.79 ± 3.16 days, showing a good reproductive precocity. Calving interval and service period have closes values for optimal values. Study parameters are strongly influenced by technology which makes the effect of genetic improvement to be diminished.
Glutathione Metabolic Genes Coordinately Respond to Heavy Metals and Jasmonic Acid in Arabidopsis

Glutathione plays a pivotal role in protecting plants from environmental stresses, oxidative stress, xenobiotics, and some heavy metals. Arabidopsis plants treated with cadmium or copper responded by increasing transcription of the genes for glutathione synthesis, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase, as well as glutathione reductase. The response was specific for those metals whose toxicity is thought to be mitigated through phytochelatins, and other toxic and nontoxic metals did not alter mRNA levels. Feeding experiments suggested that neither oxidative stress, as results from exposure to H2O2, nor oxidized or reduced glutathione levels were responsible for activating transcription of these genes. Jasmonic acid also activated the same suite of genes, which suggests that it might be involved in the signal transduction pathway for copper and cadmium. Jasmonic acid treatment increased mRNA levels and the capacity for glutathione synthesis but did not alter the glutathione content in unstressed plants, which supports the idea that the glutathione concentration is controlled at multiple levels.
Annexin 1‐deficient neutrophils exhibit enhanced transmigration in vivo and increased responsiveness in vitro

The role of the endogenous anti‐inflammatory mediator annexin 1 (AnxA1) in controlling polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) trafficking and activation was addressed using the recently generated AnxA1 null mouse. In the zymosan peritonitis model, AnxA1 null mice displayed a higher degree (50–70%) of PMN recruitment compared with wild‐type littermate mice, and this was associated with reduced numbers of F4/80+ cells. Intravital microscopy analysis of the cremaster microcirculation inflamed by zymosan (6 h time‐point) indicated a greater extent of leukocyte emigration, but not rolling or adhesion, in AnxA1 null mice. Real‐time analysis of the cremaster microcirculation did not show spontaneous activation in the absence of AnxA1; however, superfusion with a direct‐acting PMN activator (1 nM platelet‐activating factor) revealed a subtle yet significant increase in leukocyte emigration, but not rolling or adhesion, in this genotype. Changes in the microcirculation were not secondary to alterations in hemodynamic parameters. The phenotype of the AnxA1 null PMN was investigated in two in vitro assays of cell activation (CD11b membrane expression and chemotaxis): the data obtained indicated a higher degree of cellular responses irrespective of the stimulus used. In conclusion, we have used a combination of inflammatory protocols and in vitro assays to address the specific counter‐regulatory role of endogenous AnxA1, demonstrating its inhibitory control on PMN activation and the consequent impact on the inflamed microcirculation.
Neuregulins Signaling via a Glial erbB-2–erbB-4 Receptor Complex Contribute to the Neuroendocrine Control of Mammalian Sexual Development

Activation of erbB-1 receptors by glial TGFα has been shown to be a component of the developmental program by which the neuroendocrine brain controls mammalian sexual development. The participation of other members of the erbB family may be required, however, for full signaling capacity. Here, we show that activation of astrocytic erbB-2/erbB-4 receptors plays a significant role in the process by which the hypothalamus controls the advent of mammalian sexual maturation. Hypothalamic astrocytes express both the erbB-2 and erbB-4 genes, but no erbB-3, and respond to neuregulins (NRGs) by releasing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which acts on neurosecretory neurons to stimulate secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), the neuropeptide controlling sexual development. The actions of TGFα and NRGs in glia are synergistic and involve recruitment of erbB-2 as a coreceptor, via erbB-1 and erbB-4, respectively. Hypothalamic expression of both erbB-2 and erbB-4 increases first in a gonad-independent manner before the onset of puberty, and then, at the time of puberty, in a sex steroid-dependent manner. Disruption of erbB-2 synthesis in hypothalamic astrocytes by treatment with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibited the astrocytic response to NRGs and, to a lesser extent, that to TGFα and blocked the erbB-dependent, glia-mediated, stimulation of LHRH release. Intracerebral administration of the oligodeoxynucleotide to developing animals delayed the initiation of puberty. Thus, activation of the erbB-2–erbB-4 receptor complex appears to be a critical component of the signaling process by which astrocytes facilitate the acquisition of female reproductive capacity in mammals.
Thermal Fatigue Behavior of Air-Plasma Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coating with Bond Coat Species in Cyclic Thermal Exposure

The effects of the bond coat species on the delamination or fracture behavior in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) was investigated using the yclic thermal fatigue and thermal-shock tests. The interface microstructures of each TBC showed a good condition without cracking or delamination after flame thermal fatigue (FTF) for 1429 cycles. The TBC with the bond coat prepared by the air-plasma spray (APS) method showed a good condition at the interface between the top and bond coats after cyclic furnace thermal fatigue (CFTF) for 1429 cycles, whereas the TBCs with the bond coats prepared by the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) and low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS) methods showed a partial cracking (and/or delamination) and a delamination after 780 cycles, respectively. The TBCs with the bond coats prepared by the APS, HVOF and LPPS methods were fully delaminated (>50%) after 159, 36, and 46 cycles, respectively, during the thermal-shock tests. The TGO thickness in the TBCs was strongly dependent on the both exposure time and temperature difference tested. The hardness values were found to be increased only after the CFTF, and the TBC with the bond coat prepared by the APS showed the highest adhesive strength before and after the FTF.
Return Migration, Self-Selection and Entrepreneurship in Mozambique

Does return migration affect entrepreneurship? This question has important implications for the debate on the economic development effects of migration for origin countries. The existing literature has, however, not addressed how the estimation of the impact of return migration on entrepreneurship is affected by double unobservable migrant self-selection, both at the initial outward migration and at the final inward return migration stages. This paper uses a representative household survey conducted in Mozambique in order to address this research question. We exploit variation provided by displacement caused by civil war in Mozambique, as well as social unrest and other shocks in migrant destination countries. The results lend support to negative unobservable self-selection at both and each of the initial and return stages of migration, which results in an under-estimation of the effects of return migration on entrepreneurial outcomes when using a 'naive' estimator not controlling for self-selection. Indeed, 'naive' estimates point to a 13 pp increase in the probability of owning a business when there is a return migrant in the household relative to non-migrants only, whereas excluding the double effect of unobservable self-selection, this effect becomes significantly larger – between 24 pp and 29 pp, depending on the method of estimation and source of variation used.
Self‐consistent generation of tectonic plates in time‐dependent, three‐dimensional mantle convection simulations 2. Strain weakening and asthenosphere

In a previous paper [Tackley, 2000b] it was shown that a combination of temperature‐dependent viscosity and viscoplastic yielding is sufficient to give rudimentary plate tectonic‐like behavior in three‐dimensional models of mantle convection. Here the calculations are extended to include two complexities that have been suggested as being important in localizing deformation at plate boundaries: strain weakening and the presence of a low‐viscosity asthenosphere. Introducing an asthenosphere by reducing the viscosity by a factor of 10 where material reaches a solidus (1) dramatically improves plate quality, even if the asthenosphere is restricted to regions around spreading centers, (2) gives good, smoothly evolving platelike behavior over a wide range of yield stress values spanning an order of magnitude, and (3) gives bimodal stable solutions over a range of yield stresses; either immobile‐lid or plate behavior may be obtained, depending on initial condition. By contrast, introducing an asthenosphere by using depth‐dependent viscosity has a much smaller effect on system behavior. Increasing strain weakening (1) improves localization at spreading centers but leads to an increasingly complex network of spreading centers fragmenting the plates, (2) weakens convergent zones and can make downwellings highly episodic, and (3) does not lead to pure transform boundaries in these calculations. Time‐dependent “damage” evolution and instantaneous strain‐rate weakening give very similar results. All cases that display platelike behavior have very long wavelength mantle heterogeneity, consistent with Earth's.
Community Structure Detection for Overlapping Modules through Mathematical Programming in Protein Interaction Networks

Community structure detection has proven to be important in revealing the underlying properties of complex networks. The standard problem, where a partition of disjoint communities is sought, has been continually adapted to offer more realistic models of interactions in these systems. Here, a two-step procedure is outlined for exploring the concept of overlapping communities. First, a hard partition is detected by employing existing methodologies. We then propose a novel mixed integer non linear programming (MINLP) model, known as OverMod, which transforms disjoint communities to overlapping. The procedure is evaluated through its application to protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the rat, E. coli, yeast and human organisms. Connector nodes of hard partitions exhibit topological and functional properties indicative of their suitability as candidates for multiple module membership. OverMod identifies two types of connector nodes, inter and intra-connector, each with their own particular characteristics pertaining to their topological and functional role in the organisation of the network. Inter-connector proteins are shown to be highly conserved proteins participating in pathways that control essential cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis and their differences with intra-connectors is highlighted. Many of these proteins are shown to possess multiple roles of distinct nature through their participation in different network modules, setting them apart from proteins that are simply ‘hubs’, i.e. proteins with many interaction partners but with a more specific biochemical role.
Temporal XML Indexing Based on Suffix Tree

Temporal XML has attracted more and more attention in recent researches. Temporal XML can represent temporal data, track historical information and recover the state of the document as of any given time. This paper is devoted to the technique and the implementation of temporal XML indexing. Firstly, we introduce temporal XML, suffix tree and semi-structured data model (OEM), and a temporal XML indexing method TXSIM based on suffix tree is proposed. TXSIM is mainly divided into two parts, suffix indexing tree and temporal code table. We can efficiently construct the two parts by traversing OEM tree only one time. Secondly, the paper discusses the temporal XML query processing and the maintenance based on TXSIM. Finally, we complete the performance analysis and the experimental simulation. The results indicate that the proposed method can efficiently process queries in temporal XML and the time complexities can be linear.
Performance Analysis of Induction Motor Drive Fed by VSI for Various Modulation Index

This paper presents the results of an analysis regarding the behavior of three phase induction motor fed by PWM VSI in terms of total harmonic distortion in line and phase voltage of inverter for modulation range 0 < m < 1. For the execution of the proposed drive the MATLAB/SIMULINK software has been used. The analysis of the inverter has been carried out by using the factor total harmonic distortion. The influence of the modulation index on the performance of the inverter has been done in terms of the waveforms for inverter phase voltage and line voltage developed by the motor.
Abdominal stimulation for respiratory support in tetraplegia: a tutorial review

Neuromuscular stimulation of the abdominal wall muscles can provide respiratory support in tetraplegia, where the main expiratory muscles are affected by paralysis. Stimulation may be applied by simple surface stimulation, resulting in a uniform muscle contraction which can help to improve expiratory function for coughing and breathing. In this review, an overview of methods and approaches available for abdominal muscle stimulation is given. Studies are discussed which show that this technique can lead to improvements in expiratory flow and tidal volume, resulting in enhanced cough and breathing functions. Approaches are introduced which aim to integrate abdominal stimulation with the subject's own voluntary breathing functions. These are illustrated with experimental results from the evalu- ation of automatic stimulation methods in tetraplegic patients. Clinical significance and applications are discussed and future developments are outlined. Index Terms—Electrical stimulation, Pulmonary function, Tetraplegia, Abdominal muscle function
The Steiner Ratio of Banach Spaces-a survey

Steiner’s Problem is the ”Problem of shortest connectivity”, that means, given a finite set of points in a Banach space X, search for a network interconnecting these points with minimal length. This shortest network must be a tree and is called a Steiner Minimal Tree (SMT). It may contain vertices different from the points which are to be connected. Such points are called Steiner points. If we do not allow Steiner points, that means, we only connect certain pairs of the given points, we get a tree which is called a Minimum Spanning Tree (MST). Steiner’s Problem is very hard as well in combinatorial as in computational sense, but, on the other hand, the determination of an MST is simple. Consequently, we are interested in the greatest lower bound for the ratio between the lengths of these trees: m(X) := inf { L(SMT for N) L(MST for N) : N ⊆ X is a finite set } , which is called the Steiner ratio (of the space X). We look for estimates and exact values for the Steiner ratio in several Banach spaces.
4.5.1 Connguration 5 Further Work 4.3 Model Enhancements

13 SURF is also currently based on a single user, stand-alone model, resulting in ineecient use of network resources. Articles may be retrieved from the NNTP server multiple times, once for each user. We are currently developing a version of SURF based on a client-server architecture which would allow us to optimize access to the news server by retrieving each article only once for multiple users. With the addition of user interface based client software, the prototype will also be much easier to use. In addition to a more complete user interface, we are investigating the addition of an email request interface to the server-based version of SURF. This would allow the large numbers of Internet users who have only basic Internet access (email and FTP capability) to use SURF as well. Users would forward their prooles to the server though the email interface, and receive the results via FTP. Any one of the increasing number of commercially available SGML viewers could be used to view the results. SURF could also beneet from a mechanism for relevance feedback 21]. This method has been shown to improve retrieval eeectiveness by allowing the user to specify which documents are of interest, and which are not. Terms from the relevant documents are added to the query vector, and terms from the non-relevant documents are removed. This has the eeect of \moving" the reformulated vector closer (in vector space) to that of relevant documents, providing more accurate retrieval results. 6 Conclusion This paper has described SURF, a prototype Netnews information lter, which uses well-known information retrieval techniques, and disseminates information as a set of hypertext-linked documents. In particular, we describe the techniques used to organize the ltered information, and methods by which the ltering process can be made to produce better results. Through extensive experience with the prototype, we have found SURF to complement the current suite of Internet resource discovery tools. Though still in the prototype stage, it has already become important facility for a number of group members. Current uses range from locating information for the maintenance of Internet mailing lists, to monitoring the performance of professional sports teams. With the addition of a number of usability enhancements, including a client-side user interface, we plan to release SURF to the general Internet community. 12 expressions speciied in the query vector. A relevance value is then computed for each article by measuring the …
Application of particle swarm optimization algorithm- based fuzzy BP neural network for target damage assessment

It has proposed a kind of hybrid method based on intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm-based neural network (NN). We apply it to the integrative damage effect assessment of battlefield target. Firstly, we improve PSO algorithm, propose the adaptive inertia factor and excellence selection mechanism, introduce inter-partition particle swarm initialization and simulated annealing mutation mechanism. Secondly, we use the improved PSO algorithm to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of neural network to improve the network structure. Thirdly, we carry on the fusion of multiple different neural networks based on intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. The purpose of this study is to determine the weight of different neural networks, and synthesize their assessment result has the final output according to the weight. The effectiveness and reasonableness of algorithm are improved by simulation results.
Germline polymorphisms in an enhancer of PSIP1 are associated with progression-free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer

Women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are usually treated with platinum/taxane therapy after cytoreductive surgery but there is considerable inter-individual variation in response. To identify germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that contribute to variations in individual responses to chemotherapy, we carried out a multi-phase genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 1,244 women diagnosed with serous EOC who were treated with the same first-line chemotherapy, carboplatin and paclitaxel. We identified two SNPs (rs7874043 and rs72700653) in TTC39B (best P=7×10−5, HR=1.90, for rs7874043) associated with progression-free survival (PFS). Functional analyses show that both SNPs lie in a putative regulatory element (PRE) that physically interacts with the promoters of PSIP1, CCDC171 and an alternative promoter of TTC39B. The C allele of rs7874043 is associated with poor PFS and showed increased binding of the Sp1 transcription factor, which is critical for chromatin interactions with PSIP1. Silencing of PSIP1 significantly impaired DNA damage-induced Rad51 nuclear foci and reduced cell viability in ovarian cancer lines. PSIP1 (PC4 and SFRS1 Interacting Protein 1) is known to protect cells from stress-induced apoptosis, and high expression is associated with poor PFS in EOC patients. We therefore suggest that the minor allele of rs7874043 confers poor PFS by increasing PSIP1 expression.