Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chaotic Impulse Radio: a Novel Chaotic Secure Communication System

A chaotic impulse radio system is an ultrawide-band communication system that uses a train of very narrow baseband impulses as a carrier. In the transmitter of a chaotic impulse radio system, a message signal is modulated by two kinds of pulse carriers. Firstly, a frequency modulation is used to modulate the message signal into a subcarrier that functions as the clock pulses of a chaotic circuit. Driven by the modulated clock pulses, the chaotic circuit outputs a chaotic impulse positioning sequence which generates the positions of the carrier impulses. The specially designed chaotic circuit in the transmitter guarantees that the time intervals between the carrier impulses are chaotic. Thus the energy of the impulse carrier is distributed evenly over the entire bandwidth. In the receiver of a chaotic impulse radio system the message signal is demodulated in two stages. At the first stage, the time interval between two consecutive impulses is recovered. At the second stage, a simple algorithm based on the knowledge of the chaotic circuit in the transmitter is used to calculate partially the locations of the inner clock pulses which in turn are used to demodulate the message signal. No synchronization at any level is needed in this chaotic impulse radio system. The security of this chaotic impulse radio system depends on the hardware parameters of the chaotic circuit and the inner clock pulse train. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the design procedure of an example of this chaotic impulse radio system.
Reduced frequency of sedation of young children with multisection helical CT.

PURPOSE To determine whether the use of multisection helical computed tomography (CT) can decrease the need for sedation compared with single-section helical CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS The number of children who required sedation to undergo body CT with a multisection helical scanner was recorded. The authors noted the type of examination and whether contrast material was used. The children were categorized according to age (< or = 17 years, < or = 6 years, < or = 1 year). RESULTS In 219 CT examinations, only three children required sedation (1.4%). The sedation rate was 3% (three of 90) for children aged 6 years or younger and 8% (three of 37) for those aged 1 year or younger. Examinations were of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis in 68 patients, of the abdomen and pelvis in 112, and of the chest alone in 39. Contrast material was intravenously administered in 186 (85%) examinations. All scans were of diagnostic quality. CONCLUSION The rate of sedation was reduced threefold with multisection helical CT compared with standard helical CT, and the need for sedation was eliminated in some age groups.
Robust device-free fall detection using fine-grained Wi-Fi signatures

Fall is one of the main threats to the health care of elderly living alone. If not timely treated, the elderly will be threatened with death. Traditional fall detection systems based on vision, sensor networks or wearable-device are either intrusive to user's daily life, or sensitive to the changing ambient environment. However, most of them have not fully taken the dynamic environment factors into account, which makes them un-robust and hinders them from being applied in practice. In this paper, we propose a robust and unobtrusive fall detection system using off-the-shelf Wi-Fi devices, which gather fluctuant wireless signals as indicators of human actions. Specifically, we design a lightweight classifier to eliminate the “bad antennas” in channel state information (CSI) so that we can extract features from the best CSI stream; by which, the negative effects aroused by the dynamic surroundings can also be removed. We also design a novel method to intercept the valid segment of signal of fall action by utilizing wavelet analysis and dynamic time window. Finally, we implement a full robust device-free fall detection system based on the proposed novel methods. In a typical indoor environment, the recognition accuracy for the fall is 91%, and the false alarm rate is only 0.06%. Experimental results show that our system is robust to the complex indoor radio frequency environments and achieves good performance.
A cluster-based sequential feature selection algorithm

Feature selection is an effective machine learning method for reducing dimensionality, removing irrelevant features, increasing learning accuracy, and improving result comprehensibility. However, many existing feature selection methods are incapable for high dimensional data because of their high time complexity, especially wrapper feature selection algorithms. In this work, a fast sequential feature selection algorithm (AP-SFS) is proposed based on affinity propagation clustering. AP-SFS divides the original feature space into several subspaces by a cluster algorithm, then applies sequential feature selection for each subspace, and collects all selected features together. Experimental results on several benchmark datasets indicate that AP-SFS can be implemented much faster than sequential feature selection but has comparable accuracies.
The changes in neuromuscular excitability with normobaric hyperoxia in humans

Based on previous observations in hyperbaric hyperoxia, we hypothesized that normobaric hyperoxia, often used during general anaesthesia and resuscitation, might also induce a neuromuscular excitability. In heathy volunteers, we studied the consequences of a 50 min period of pure oxygen breathing on the neuromuscular conduction time (CT), the amplitude of the compound evoked muscle potential (M‐wave), the latency and amplitude of the Hoffman reflex (H reflex) and the electromyographic tonic vibratory response (TVR) of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle to explore the proprioceptive reflex loop. Hyperoxia‐induced oxidative stress was measured by the changes in blood markers of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) and antioxidant response (reduced ascorbic acid, RAA). During hyperoxia, the M‐wave amplitude increased, both CT and H reflex latency were shortened, and the H reflex amplitude increased. By contrast, TVR significantly decreased. Concomitantly, an oxidative stress was assessed by increased TBARS and decreased RAA levels. This study shows the existence of dual effects of hyperoxia, which facilitates the muscle membrane excitability, nerve conduction and spinal reflexes, but reduces the gain of the proprioceptive reflex loop. The activation of the group IV muscle afferents by hyperoxia and the resulting oxidative stress might explain the TVR depression.
A Non-Standard Robust Adaptive Stator Current Control Strategy for Induction Motor Drives

This paper presents a new robust adaptive current control strategy for induction motor drive systems. This control scheme is based on an adaptive pole placement control strategy (APPC) integrated to a sliding mode control scheme (SMC). The proposed APPC employs the internal model principle for achieving a zero steady state tracking error of machine stator currents. Moreover, this current controller can be implemented on the stator reference frame transformations. With this control scheme, fast transient response and robustness to parametric uncertainties and unmodeled disturbances are obtained. These disturbance can be owing to saturation, temperature changes or loading conditions. Simulation and experimental results are presented for showing the effectiveness of the proposed close-loop current control strategy.
Manulex-MorphO, une base de données sur l’orthographe du français intégrant les morpho-phonogrammes

La consistance des correspondances grapheme-phoneme (CGPh) et phoneme-grapheme (CPhG) facilite l’apprentissage de la lecture-ecriture dans une ecriture alphabetique. Il faut donc avoir des statistiques sur ces relations dans le lexique ecrit adresse a l’enfant. Jusqu’a present, ces analyses statistiques ont ete realisees independamment de l’analyse morphologique. Or, la morphologie, surtout flexionnelle, differencie fortement l’ecrit de l’oral en francais, certaines marques ecrites etant silencieuses a l’oral ( dans amis, tu chantes, gris), d’autres etant homophones sans etre homographes ( et dans chantais, chantait), ce qui a un impact negatif sur l’apprentissage de la lecture-ecriture. La contribution de la morphologie a la consistance des CGPh et des CPhG dans le lexique ecrit adresse a l’enfant a ete examinee dans Manulex-MorphO. Nous presentons cette base de donnees ainsi que des possibilites d’exploitation pour l’enseignement de la lecture-ecriture.
Control strategies for an electric variable transmission based hybrid electric vehicle

This paper deals with the control strategies for an electric variable transmission (EVT) based hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Rule-based and optimization-based control strategies are analyzed and developed. The simulation results show that the engine and battery have different missions in different strategies. DP strategy tends to deplete the battery in order to minimize the fuel consumption. The rule-based strategy tends to use battery as a buffer to make up the power differences between the engine and the vehicle requirements. Compared to DP strategy, the fuel consumption of the rule-based strategy is higher in urban cycles and will be reduced in highway cycles. Energetic macroscopic representation (EMR) is used in the global modeling and strategy simulation for the EVT based HEV, and a control scheme is deduced from EMR models using specific inversion rules.
Rotation-Invariant Object Detection in Remote Sensing Images Based on Radial-Gradient Angle

To improve the detection precision in complicated backgrounds, a novel rotation-invariant object detection method to detect objects in remote sensing images is proposed in this letter. First, a rotation-invariant feature called radial-gradient angle (RGA) is defined and used to find potential object pixels from the detected image blocks by combining with radial distance. Then, a principal direction voting process is proposed to gather the evidence of objects from potential object pixels. Since the RGA combined with the radial distance is discriminative and the voting process gathers the evidence of objects independently, the interference of the backgrounds is effectively reduced. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other existing well-known methods (such as the shape context-based method and rotation-invariant part-based model) and achieves higher detection precision for objects with different directions and shapes in complicated background. Moreover, the antinoise performance and parameter influence are also discussed.
Pertinence des combinaisons traqueur-détecteur pour le suivi-par-détection

Ces travaux etudient la pertinence des associations filtre-detecteur dans toute strategie visuelle de suivi par detec-tion. Ils privilegient notamment les methodes de Monte Carlo et des traqueurs bases sur des banques de repre-sentations couples a des detecteurs visuels. Les evalua-tions quantifient l'influence des associations filtre, detec-teur, mono vs. multi representations sur les performances globales. Nous observons, par exemple, que celles-ci sont tres liees au choix du detecteur ; une difference de 1% en rappel entre detecteurs peut induire une baisse de 10% sur la precision du traqueur global.
Analysis on grid harmonic and stability of grid-connected matrix converter in wind power generation

This paper proposes that the typical inductance filter in the grid-connected converter should be substituted by T-filter for the increase of harmonic component in the output current to electrical network due to lower PWM switch frequencies in the grid-connected matrix converter of variable-speed constant-frequency wind power generation system. And it has also analyzed the stability of the grid-connected matrix converter system. Furthermore this paper presents a robust control strategy based on incorporation of closed loop control achieved by the bridge current of matrix converter with dual feed-forward compensation. Finally theoretical analysis and simulation have verified that the control strategy can guarantee the stability of the system, and achieve fine sinusoidal waveform of output current and little harmonic component.
Fast and Realistic Rendering of Deformable Virtual Characters Using Impostor and Stencil Buffer

Algorithms for rendering numerous virtual characters often achieve interactive frame rate by reducing the computation load. The major drawback of this approach is that the rendering quality is degraded. This project aims to develop a fast rendering scheme that can be used on realistic virtual human characters. We have made two contributions. Firstly, we have created a high quality human model and designed three basic deformation methods. The deformation of each body part is composed of the basic deformation methods. Our aim is to generate visually similar deformed and seamless character efficiently. Rendering of numerous characters at high frame rate can be maintained by using impostor. It is well known that impostor has the visibility problem. Secondly, to correct the visibility problem, we propose to incorporate the depth information to each character by using stencil buffer and bounding box. Our rendering scheme compares favorably, in terms of the frame rate and the rendering quality, with multi-layered impostor.
Hidden Floridian biodiversity: mitochondrial and nuclear gene trees reveal four cryptic species within the scorched mussel, Brachidontes exustus, species complex

The well‐documented Floridian ‘Gulf/Atlantic’ marine genetic disjunction provides an influential example of vicariant cladogenesis along a continental coastline for major elements of a diverse nearshore fauna. We are engaged in a two‐part study that aims to place this disjunction into a regional Caribbean Basin phylogenetic perspective using the scorched mussel Brachidontes exustus as an exemplar. Our first step, documented here, is to thoroughly characterize the genetic structure of Floridian scorched mussel populations using mitochondrial (mt) and nuclear markers. Both sets of markers recovered the expected disjunction involving sister clades distributed on alternate flanks of peninsular Florida and lineage‐specific mt molecular clocks placed its origin in the Pliocene. The two sister clades had distinct population genetic profiles and the Atlantic clade appears to have experienced an evolutionarily recent bottleneck, although plots of the relative estimates of N through time are consistent with its local persistence through the last Ice Age Maximum. Our primary novel result, however, was the discovery that the Gulf/Atlantic disjunction represents but one of three cryptic, nested genetic discontinuities represented in Floridian scorched mussel populations. The most pronounced phylogenetic split distinguished the Gulf and Atlantic sister clades from two additional nested cryptic sister clades present in samples taken from the southern Florida tropical marine zone. Floridian populations of B. exustus are composed of four cryptic taxa, a result consistent with the hypothesis that the Gulf/Atlantic disjunction in this morphospecies is but one of multiple latent regional genetic breakpoints.
Open-access gastroscopy in primary health-care offices to prevent peptic ulcer-related hospitalization and mortality

Background: Open-access gastroscopy performed by general practitioners is available at some primary care health centres in our Central Finland hospital referral area. The aim of the present study was to examine whether this practice influences peptic ulcer-related hospitalization and mortality. Methods: Data on peptic ulcer-related hospitalization were obtained from discharge registries of the hospitals. Cause of death statistics were obtained from Statistics Finland Bureau. Results: In 1996-2001, 896 inhabitants living in our hospital referral area were hospitalized owing to peptic ulcer. Of these, 265 (29.6%) had an ulcer related to the use of aspirin (ASA) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Among the hospitalized patients, mortality was 11.6% (n = 104). In municipalities with or without an open-access gastroscopy service, the rates of hospitalization were 49.1 cases/100,000/year (95% CI 44.8-53.4) versus 77.5 cases/100,000/year (95% CI 72.0-83.0), and ulcer-related mortality 5.6 cases/100,000/year (95% CI 4.1-7.1) versus 9.4/100,000/year (95% CI 7.5-11.3). In municipalities without the service, inhabitants were older and their overall morbidity and mortality higher than in municipalities offering open-access gastroscopy. Of patients under 75 years of age (n = 582), 48 (8.2%) died, compared with 56 (17.8%, P < 0.001) of patients aged 75 years or older (n = 314). Age was the only independent risk factor for death (odds ratio (OR) 1.03 per year (95% CI 1.02-1.05)). Among patients with ASA-NSAID-related ulcer, open-access endoscopy was protective against ulcer-related death (OR 0.17 (95% CI 0.03-0.85)). Conclusions: Open-access gastroscopy in primary health-care offices significantly reduces ASA-NSAID-related ulcer mortality and may also reduce overall ulcer-related hospitalizations. The present results may, however, be biased by demographic factors. Age is a risk factor for death during ulcer-related hospitalization.
Preterm neonatal diffusion processing using detection and replacement of outliers prior to resampling

In diffusion weighted MRI, subject motion and brain pulsation lead both to signal drop‐outs and image misalignment. Unsedated neonates, with their higher heart rate and propensity for motion are particularly prone to degraded scan quality that impairs diffusion tensor estimation. Retrospective registration and robust estimators are two methods that have previously been demonstrated to address motion and intensity outliers, respectively, in diffusion data. However, when taken together, the resampling of images to correct for misalignment can have the effect of averaging outlier voxels with uncorrupted voxels, thereby making outliers more difficult to detect. This article presents a method to remove outliers prior to resampling while taking misalignment into account so that this averaging of outliers with good data can be avoided. The proposed method is compared to other processing pipelines using simulations and data from unsedated preterm neonates. These results demonstrate advantages to the proposed method, particularly in subjects with high motion. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dietary fish oil and curcumin combine to modulate colonic cytokinetics and gene expression in dextran sodium sulphate-treated mice

Both fish oil (FO) and curcumin have potential as anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory agents. To further explore their combined effects on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis, C57BL/6 mice were randomised to four diets (2 × 2 design) differing in fatty acid content with or without curcumin supplementation (FO, FO+2 % curcumin, maize oil (control, MO) or MO+2 % curcumin). Mice were exposed to one or two cycles of DSS in the drinking-water to induce either acute or chronic intestinal inflammation, respectively. FO-fed mice exposed to the single-cycle DSS treatment exhibited the highest mortality (40 %, seventeen of forty-three) compared with MO with the lowest mortality (3 %, one of twenty-nine) (P = 0·0008). Addition of curcumin to MO increased (P = 0·003) mortality to 37 % compared with the control. Consistent with animal survival data, following the one- or two-cycle DSS treatment, both dietary FO and curcumin promoted mucosal injury/ulceration compared with MO. In contrast, compared with other diets, combined FO and curcumin feeding enhanced the resolution of chronic inflammation and suppressed (P < 0·05) a key inflammatory mediator, NF-κB, in the colon mucosa. Mucosal microarray analysis revealed that dietary FO, curcumin and FO plus curcumin combination differentially modulated the expression of genes induced by DSS treatment. These results suggest that dietary lipids and curcumin interact to regulate mucosal homeostasis and the resolution of chronic inflammation in the colon.
C. elegans Positive Butanone Learning, Short-term, and Long-term Associative Memory Assays

The memory of experiences and learned information is critical for organisms to make choices that aid their survival. C. elegans navigates its environment through neuron-specific detection of food and chemical odors1, 2, and can associate nutritive states with chemical odors3, temperature4, and the pathogenicity of a food source5. Here, we describe assays of C. elegans associative learning and short- and long-term associative memory. We modified an aversive olfactory learning paradigm6 to instead produce a positive response; the assay involves starving ~400 worms, then feeding the worms in the presence of the AWC neuron-sensed volatile chemoattractant butanone at a concentration that elicits a low chemotactic index (similar to Toroyama et al.7). A standard population chemotaxis assay1 tests the worms' attraction to the odorant immediately or minutes to hours after conditioning. After conditioning, wild-type animals' chemotaxis to butanone increases ~0.6 Chemotaxis Index units, its "Learning Index". Associative learning is dependent on the presence of both food and butanone during training. Pairing food and butanone for a single conditioning period ("massed training") produces short-term associative memory that lasts ~2 hours. Multiple conditioning periods with rest periods between ("spaced training") yields long-term associative memory (<40 hours), and is dependent on the cAMP Response Element Binding protein (CREB),6 a transcription factor required for long-term memory across species.8 Our protocol also includes image analysis methods for quick and accurate determination of chemotaxis indices. High-contrast images of animals on chemotaxis assay plates are captured and analyzed by worm counting software in MatLab. The software corrects for uneven background using a morphological tophat transformation.9 Otsu's method is then used to determine a threshold to separate worms from the background.10 Very small particles are removed automatically and larger non-worm regions (plate edges or agar punches) are removed by manual selection. The software then estimates the size of single worm by ignoring regions that are above a specified maximum size and taking the median size of the remaining regions. The number of worms is then estimated by dividing the total area identified as occupied by worms by the estimated size of a single worm. We have found that learning and short- and long-term memory can be distinguished, and that these processes share similar key molecules with higher organisms.6,8 Our assays can quickly test novel candidate genes or molecules that affect learning and short- or long-term memory in C. elegans that are relevant across species.