Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
One-Dimensional Electron Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells

The electron diffusion length (Ln) is smaller than the hole diffusion length (Lp) in many halide perovskite semiconductors meaning that the use of ordered one-dimensional (1D) structures such as nanowires (NWs) and nanotubes (NTs) as electron transport layers (ETLs) is a promising method of achieving high performance halide perovskite solar cells (HPSCs). ETLs consisting of oriented and aligned NWs and NTs offer the potential not merely for improved directional charge transport but also for the enhanced absorption of incoming light and thermodynamically efficient management of photogenerated carrier populations. The ordered architecture of NW/NT arrays affords superior infiltration of a deposited material making them ideal for use in HPSCs. Photoconversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 18% have been demonstrated for HPSCs using 1D ETLs. Despite the advantages of 1D ETLs, there are still challenges that need to be overcome to achieve even higher PCEs, such as better methods to eliminate or passivate surface traps, improved understanding of the hetero-interface and optimization of the morphology (i.e., length, diameter, and spacing of NWs/NTs). This review introduces the general considerations of ETLs for HPSCs, deposition techniques used, and the current research and challenges in the field of 1D ETLs for perovskite solar cells.
miR‐17/20 Controls Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 (PHD2)/Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor 1 (HIF1) to Regulate Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation

Background Previously we found that smooth muscle cell (SMC)‐specific knockout of miR‐17~92 attenuates hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension. However, the mechanism underlying miR‐17~92‐mediated pulmonary artery SMC (PASMC) proliferation remains unclear. We sought to investigate whether miR‐17~92 regulates hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) activity and PASMC proliferation via prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). Methods and Results We show that hypoxic sm‐17~92−/− mice have decreased hematocrit, red blood cell counts, and hemoglobin contents. The sm‐17~92−/− mouse lungs express decreased mRNA levels of HIF targets and increased levels of PHD2. miR‐17~92 inhibitors suppress hypoxia‐induced levels of HIF1α, VEGF, Glut1, HK2, and PDK1 but not HIF2α in vitro in PASMC. Overexpression of miR‐17 in PASMC represses PHD2 expression, whereas miR‐17/20a inhibitors induce PHD2 expression. The 3′‐UTR of PHD2 contains a functional miR‐17/20a seed sequence. Silencing of PHD2 induces HIF1α and PCNA protein levels, whereas overexpression of PHD2 decreases HIF1α and cell proliferation. SMC‐specific knockout of PHD2 enhances hypoxia‐induced vascular remodeling and exacerbates established pulmonary hypertension in mice. PHD2 activator R59949 reverses vessel remodeling in existing hypertensive mice. PHDs are dysregulated in PASMC isolated from pulmonary arterial hypertension patients. Conclusions Our results suggest that PHD2 is a direct target of miR‐17/20a and that miR‐17~92 contributes to PASMC proliferation and polycythemia by suppression of PHD2 and induction of HIF1α.
Ieee Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 1 Interactive Level-of-detail Selection Using Image-based Quality Metric for Large Volume Visualization

— For large volume visualization, an image-based quality metric is difficult to incorporate for level-of-detail selection and rendering without sacrificing the interactivity. This is because it is usually time-consuming to update view-dependent information as well as adjust to transfer function changes. In this paper, we introduce an image-based level-of-detail selection algorithm for interactive visualization of large volumetric data. The design of our quality metric is based on an efficient way to evaluate the contribution of multiresolution data blocks to the final image. To ensure real-time update of the quality metric and interactive level-of-detail decisions, we propose a summary table scheme in response to run-time transfer function changes, and a GPU-based solution for visibility estimation. Experimental results on large scientific and medical data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm.
Mobile manipulator path planning based on artificial potential field: Application on RobuTER/ULM

Mobile manipulator is a mechanical system typically consisting of one articulated manipulator mounted on holonomic or non-holonomic mobile base. Artificial potential field is the mostly popular approaches in path planning for mobile robots and manipulator robots. However, few work only used potential field to solve path planning for mobile manipulators. The objective of this paper is to generate a collision-free path for a mobile manipulator in complex, known environments with obstacles using artificial potential field. The generated path connects an initial situation (xE, yE, zE)Init to a predefined final situation (xE, yE, zE)Fin for the end-effector of the robot. Implementation and experimental validations are done on the RobuTER/ULM mobile manipulator.
Analyzing the cross-cultural transfer of professional practices through organizational stories

Portions of this article were presented at the annual Conference of the Southern Anthropology Society, Atlanta, GA, April 1994. I am grateful to Drs. Fred Otte, and Charles Burden, Georgia State University, for their critique of the study’s research design and analysis. Elise Greene, my research assistant, was extremely helpful in collecting and coding data. Finally, I wish to thank Dr. James Henkelman, The University of Maryland, Wolf-Dieter Gebhardt, Hr TEAM International, Boblingen, Germany, Joan Dean, SKW Chemicals, Atlanta, Georgia, and Mitch Williams, Heller Inc., Peachtree City, Georgia for their critical review of the findings. Address correspondence to Carol D. Hansen, Ph.D., Center for Human Resource Development, Department of Educational Policy Studies, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303.
Cultural case workers in child disability services: an evidence-based model of cultural responsiveness for refugee families

The medical/disabled category for quota refugees selected for resettlement in New Zealand allows entry to those who have either a medical condition that can be treated or helped in New Zealand or a disability that requires support. Children from refugee and other culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with impairments comprise an increasing proportion of the caseloads of Auckland region child health and disability services. For people from refugee backgrounds, the New Zealand disability system can be complex, difficult to understand and hard to navigate. Disability therapeutic, rehabilitative and support services are often non-existent in countries of origin. The interventions offered in western countries such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech language therapy may be unknown and therefore poorly understood by refugee clients and families. This article presents the findings of an evaluation of the establishment of cultural caseworker positions in the Waitemata District Health Board Child Development Service.
Classification of Dataflow Actors with Satisfiability and Abstract Interpretation

Dataflow programming has been used to describe signal processing applications for many years, traditionally with cyclo-static dataflow CSDF or synchronous dataflow SDF models that restrict expressive power in favor of compile-time analysis and predictability. More recently, dynamic dataflow is being used for the description of multimedia video standards as promoted by the RVC standard ISO/IEC 23001:4. Dynamic dataflow is not restricted with respect to expressive power, but it does require runtime scheduling in the general case, which may be costly to perform on software. The authors presented in a previous paper a method to automatically classify actors of a dynamic dataflow program within more restrictive dataflow models when possible, along with a method to transform the actors classified as static to improve execution speed by reducing the number of FIFO accesses Wipliez & Raulet, 2010. This paper presents an extension of the classification method using satisfiability solving, and details the precise semantics used for the abstract interpretation of actors. The extended classification is able to classify more actors than what could previously be achieved.
A Core Human Microbiome as Viewed through 16S rRNA Sequence Clusters

We explore the microbiota of 18 body sites in over 200 individuals using sequences amplified V1–V3 and the V3–V5 small subunit ribosomal RNA (16S) hypervariable regions as part of the NIH Common Fund Human Microbiome Project. The body sites with the greatest number of core OTUs, defined as OTUs shared amongst 95% or more of the individuals, were the oral sites (saliva, tongue, cheek, gums, and throat) followed by the nose, stool, and skin, while the vaginal sites had the fewest number of OTUs shared across subjects. We found that commonalities between samples based on taxonomy could sometimes belie variability at the sub-genus OTU level. This was particularly apparent in the mouth where a given genus can be present in many different oral sites, but the sub-genus OTUs show very distinct site selection, and in the vaginal sites, which are consistently dominated by the Lactobacillus genus but have distinctly different sub-genus V1–V3 OTU populations across subjects. Different body sites show approximately a ten-fold difference in estimated microbial richness, with stool samples having the highest estimated richness, followed by the mouth, throat and gums, then by the skin, nasal and vaginal sites. Richness as measured by the V1–V3 primers was consistently higher than richness measured by V3–V5. We also show that when such a large cohort is analyzed at the genus level, most subjects fit the stool “enterotype” profile, but other subjects are intermediate, blurring the distinction between the enterotypes. When analyzed at the finer-scale, OTU level, there was little or no segregation into stool enterotypes, but in the vagina distinct biotypes were apparent. Finally, we note that even OTUs present in nearly every subject, or that dominate in some samples, showed orders of magnitude variation in relative abundance emphasizing the highly variable nature across individuals.
A NPR Technique of Abstraction Effects

To provide with an effective method for non-photorealistic rendering for computer generated images with abstraction artistic appearances from 2D images motivates our work in this paper. The methods proposed are inspired by modifying the contrast of visually important features, like luminance and color opponency. In this paper, we mainly propose the method for generating the abstraction appearances based on reducing contrast in low contrast regions, and artificially increasing contrast in higher contrast regions with gradient edges. With good luminance coherence, abstracted images can optionally be stylized using soft color quantization to create cartoon-like effects. Further, the important information in the images of abstraction can be focused with the attention of the urer. Experimental results show that our methods are effective and simple. Keywords-image abstraction; non-photorealistic rendering; visual appearance; luminance quantization
Dispersion characterisation of a composite right-left-hand transmission line unit cell using Particle Swarm Optimisation

The left-handed propagation behaviour of artificial metamaterial structures offers a new paradigm for electromagnetic device design. Transmission line metamaterials consisting of a cascade of identical unit cells have been shown to achieve wider bandwidth and lower losses than resonant left-handed structures. In this paper we demonstrate a method for extraction of the broad-band dispersion characteristic of a single unit cell using Particle Swarm Optimisation of the unit cell's equivalent circuit component values.
Influence of Two Developmental Programmes on the Empathy and Prosociability of Preschool Children

Empathy and prosociability of 62 6- to 7-yr. -old preschool children were assessed before and after training in an empathy programme. Group I consisted of 14 children (9 boys and 5 girls), Group II of 17 children (9 boys and 8 girls), and the control group of two preschool classes of 15 each. The methods used were the Feshbach and Roe Empathy Slide series and the Ikonen-Nylund Test on Sociability. Prosociability was evaluated by the 1981 Weir and Duveen scale and by the 1981 Kalliopuska rating scale. The WISC Vocabulary scale measured verbal ability. The empathy programme for Group I included music, physical exercise with music, and music drawing, for Group II activities were role-playing, acting, and storytelling. The programmes took time 35 hr. over 4 mo. at 2 hr. per week. The results were promising; empathy was consciously developed during the preschool years. Prosociability seemed to increase along with empathy.
Teaching Paraprofessionals How to Write and Implement Social Stories for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders

A multiple-baseline design across subjects was used to determine if paraprofessionals could be effectively taught to write and implement Social StoriesTM that shared accurate social information and had a positive impact on the targeted behaviors of students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Three paraprofessional—student pairs participated in the study. The data revealed that paraprofessionals could be effectively taught how to write and implement Social Stories . Furthermore, the targeted student behaviors decreased after the implementation of the intervention. Maintenance data showed continued use of the Social Stories intervention and its effectiveness with the students with ASD.
Learning to select and generalize striking movements in robot table tennis

Learning new motor tasks from physical interactions is an important goal for both robotics and machine learning. However, when moving beyond basic skills, most monolithic machine learning approaches fail to scale. For more complex skills, methods that are tailored for the domain of skill learning are needed. In this paper, we take the task of learning table tennis as an example and present a new framework that allows a robot to learn cooperative table tennis from physical interaction with a human. The robot first learns a set of elementary table tennis hitting movements from a human table tennis teacher by kinesthetic teach-in, which is compiled into a set of motor primitives represented by dynamical systems. The robot subsequently generalizes these movements to a wider range of situations using our mixture of motor primitives approach. The resulting policy enables the robot to select appropriate motor primitives as well as to generalize between them. Finally, the robot plays with a human table tennis partner and learns online to improve its behavior. We show that the resulting setup is capable of playing table tennis using an anthropomorphic robot arm.
Cluster Tools

While many of us have been using clusters for quite a few years, how many have had the time and opportunity to review the existing, evolving, and constantly emerging tools aimed at simplifying cluster use and administration tasks? This tutorial is designed to do that for you by condensing that material into the form of a review of the various tools that we at ORNL have found to be useful in dealing with our HPC clusters. In addition to tools used at ORNL, coverage will include material resulting from our internal review of a variety of cluster-oriented tools. The scope of material will include the entire range from the initial cluster build through use and maintenance operations. The target audience includes (1) those just starting out and looking for information on choices for cluster tools, (2) those already using clusters who are looking for better ways to do things, and (3) those looking for a briefing on what tools are available— perhaps before beginning their own tool-building effort.
Discrimination of Length by Sight and Touch

This article reports a further investigation into the capacity to compare objects seen with objects touched. An earlier experiment had suggested that cross-modal comparisons are quite as accurate as comparisons made within the same modality: comparing a visual with a tactual stimulus showed no loss in sensitivity vis-à-vis comparisons of visual with visual and tactual with tactual stimuli (Kelvin, 1954). The results of the experiment reported below make it clear that the earlier findings, and their interpretation, were due to an oversimplified experimental situation. It now seems that cross-modal comparisons are a function of the total range of the comparison stimuli and not simply a function of the physical properties of isolated stimuli, as the first report suggested. Indeed, the present investigation makes it doubtful whether cross-modal matching is ever more than an experimental artefact.
ThirdLight: Low-cost and High-speed 3D Interaction Using Photosensor Markers

We present a low-cost 3D tracking system for virtual reality, gesture modeling, and robot manipulation applications which require fast and precise localization of headsets, data gloves, props, or controllers. Our system removes the need for cameras or projectors for sensing, and instead uses cheap LEDs and printed masks for illumination, and low-cost photosensitive markers. The illumination device transmits a spatiotemporal pattern as a series of binary Gray-code patterns. Multiple illumination devices can be combined to localize each marker in 3D at high speed (333Hz). Our method has strengths in accuracy, speed, cost, ambient performance, large working space (1m-5m) and robustness to noise compared with conventional techniques. We compare with a state-of-the-art instrumented glove and vision-based systems to demonstrate the accuracy, scalability, and robustness of our approach. We propose a fast and accurate method for hand gesture modeling using an inverse kinematics approach with the six photosensitive markers. We additionally propose a passive markers system and demonstrate various interaction scenarios as practical applications.
The Role of Substance Use by Both Perpetrators and Victims in Intimate Partner Violence Outcomes

There is considerable evidence linking perpetrators' substance use with unfavorable outcomes among victims of intimate partner violence. Little is known, however, about the relationship between substance use by both the perpetrators and the victims and the victims' outcomes. Using interview data from 117 women who have experienced abuse by their partners, this study examines the association of both perpetrators' and victims' substance use with victim outcomes through a series of hierarchical multiple regressions. Substance use by both perpetrators and victims was not significantly related to increased risk of victims' physical injuries, but was significantly associated with poorer victim functionality after an intimate partner violence incident.
Using novelty detection in HRI: Enabling robots to detect new poses and actively ask for their labels

Active robot learners take an active role in its own learning by asking queries to its human teachers when they receive new data. However, not every received input is useful for the robot, and asking for non-informative inputs or asking too many questions might produce a negative impact on how the human perceives the robot. We present a novelty detection system that enables a robot to ask questions only when it decides that a stimuli is both novel and interesting. Our system is based in separating the decision process in two steps: first discriminating novel from known stimuli to the robot's model and second by discriminating if this stimuli is likely to happen again. Our approach uses the notion of curiosity, which controls the eagerness in which the robot asks questions to the user. We evaluate our approach in the domain of pose learning by training our robot with 20 instances of poses and then showing it some novel ones. Our approach is able to detect novel poses with a 84% F-Score. Also, tuning our curiosity parameter we have been able to control the minimum number of times in which the robot needs to be exposed to a new stimuli before it asks the user a label for this stimuli. Our approach enables robots to keep learning continuously, even after its training is finished. Also, the introduction of the curiosity parameter, allows to tune which are the conditions in which the robot should want to learn more.
Algorithm design and application of service-oriented event correlation

The timely and efficient management of faults that affect the quality of services delivered to customers is an important issue for service providers with respect to their business goals. It includes the diagnosis of service faults which deals with the localization of their root causes within subservices and resources being part of the service realization. In this paper our service-oriented event correlation approach, which uses event correlation techniques to automate the diagnosis on the service layer is detailed. Our algorithm for the hybrid rule-based/case-based correlation methodology that also includes recently proposed active probing techniques is presented as well as its prototypical implementation at the Leibniz Supercomputing Center. This implementation is not limited to a small test environment, but has been carried out for requirements of the environment of this large service provider.
Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation for β‐Thalassemia Patients: The Experience of the Italian Bone Marrow Transplant Group

Abstract: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) remains the only potentially curative treatment for patients with thalassemia major. However, most candidates for BMT do not have a suitable family donor. In order to evaluate whether BMT from an HLA‐matched unrelated volunteer donor can offer a probability of cure comparable to that obtained when the donor is a compatible sibling, we carried out a study involving 68 thalassemia patients transplanted in six Italian BMT Centers. Thirty‐three males and 35 females (age range, 2‐37 years; median age, 15) were transplanted from unrelated volunteer donors, all selected using high‐resolution molecular typing of both HLA class I and II loci. Fourteen patients were classified in risk class 1; 16 in risk class 2; and 38 in risk class III of the Pesaro classification system. Nine patients (13%) had either primary or secondary graft failure. Fourteen patients (20%) died from transplant‐related causes. Grade II‐IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) developed in 24 cases (40%), and chronic GVHD in 10 cases (18%). Overall survival (OS) in the cohort of 68 patients was 79.3% (CI 67‐88%), whereas the Kaplan‐Meier estimates of disease‐free survival (DFS) with transfusion independence was 65.8% (CI 54‐77%). In the group of 30 thalassemic patients in risk classes 1 and 2, the probability of OS and DFS were 96.7% (CI 90‐100%) and 80.0% (CI 65‐94%), respectively, whereas in the 38 patients in class 3 OS was 65.2% (CI 49‐80%) and DFS was 54.5% (CI 38‐70%). These data show that when donor selection is based on stringent compatibility criteria, the results of unrelated transplantation in thalassemia patients are comparable to those obtained when the donor is a compatible sibling.