Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Assessment of the Aqueous Extract Leaves of Ficus Glumosa Del. (moraceae) in Rodents

Background: Ficus glumosa Del (Moraceae), a plant used in traditional medicine in Cameroon, Senegal, and East Africa for the treatment of edema, hemorrhoid, cardiovascular diseases especially hypertension. Aim: The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of the aqueous extract of the leaves of F.glumosa in acute and sub-chronic administration in rodents. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated on 3 months old mice of both sexes and weighing 20-30 g. A single dose (2-12 g/kg) of F. glumosa was administered orally to mice. Animal behavior, adverse effects, and mortality were determined for 14 days. In sub-chronic toxicity studied in both sexes of 9 weeks old rats and weighing 100-120 g at the start of the experiment, animals were treated orally with a daily dose of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of the leaves of F. glumosa for 6 weeks. The body weight change, food, and water consumption, were determined throughout the experimental period, while the relative organ weights, the hematological and biochemical parameters of blood and urine, as well as the histology of tissues kidney and liver, were recorded at the end of the experiment. Results: For acute treatment, no dose used induced critical behavioral changes or death. In sub-chronic treatment, daily oral administration of F. glumosa at the dose of 300, 600, and 1200 mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in body weight relative to food and water consumption in the last week of treatment. The relative organ weights were not affected by treatment. No hematological changes were observed except the significant increase in platelets. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, increased while the total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, conjugated bilirubin, and total bilirubin significantly decreased. Index of renal function showed a decrease of creatinine, urea, uric acid and Na
Markov structures for non-uniformly expanding maps on compact manifolds in arbitrary dimension

We consider non-uniformly expanding maps on compact Riemannian manifolds of arbitrary dimension, possibly having discontinuities and/or critical sets, and show that under some general conditions they admit an induced Markov tower structure for which the decay of the tail of the return time function can be controlled in terms of the time generic points needed to achieve some uniform expanding behavior. As a consequence we obtain some rates for the decay of correlations of those maps and conditions for the validity of the Central Limit Theorem. 1. Dynamical and geometrical assumptions Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold of dimension d ≥ 1 with a normalized Riemannian volume | · |, which we call Lebesgue measure. Let f : M → M be a C local diffeomorphism for all x ∈ M \ C, where C is some critical set, which may include points at which the derivative Dfx is degenerate, as well as points of discontinuity and points at which the derivative is infinite. We assume the following natural non-degeneracy condition on C, which generalizes the notion of non-flat critical points for smooth one-dimensional maps. Definition 1. The critical set C ⊂ M is non-degenerate if |C| = 0 and there is a constant β > 0 such that for every x ∈M \ C we have dist(x, C) . ‖Dfxv‖/‖v‖ . dist(x, C)−β for all v ∈ TxM , and the functions log detDf and log ‖Df−1‖ are locally Lipschitz with Lipschitz constant . dist(x, C)−β . We now state our two dynamical assumptions: the first is on the growth of the derivative and the second is on the approach rate of orbit to the critical set. Notice that for a linear map A, the condition ‖A‖ > 1 only provides information about the existence of some expanded direction, whereas the condition ‖A−1‖ 0) implies that every direction is expanded. Received by the editors November 5, 2002. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 37D20, 37D50, 37C40. Work carried out at the Federal University of Bahia, University of Porto and Imperial College, London. Partially supported by CMUP, PRODYN, SAPIENS and UFBA. c ©2003 American Mathematical Society
Planning under Uncertainty for Coordinating Infrastructural Maintenance

We address efficient planning of maintenance activities in infrastructural networks, inspired by the real-world problem of servicing a highway network. A road authority is responsible for the quality, throughput and maintenance costs of the network, while the actual maintenance is performed by autonomous, third-party contractors. From a (multi-agent) planning and scheduling perspective, many interesting challenges can be identified. First, planned maintenance activities might have an uncertain duration due to unexpected delays. Second, since maintenance activities influence the traffic flow in the network, careful coordination of the planned activities is required in order to minimise their impact on the network throughput. Third, as we are dealing with selfish agents in a private-values setting, the road authority faces an incentive-design problem to truthfully elicit agent costs, complicated by the fact that it needs to balance multiple objectives. The main contributions of this work are: 1) multi-agent coordination on a network level through a novel combination of planning under uncertainty and dynamic mechanism design, applied to real-world problems, 2) accurate modelling and solving of maintenance-planning problems and 3) empirical exploration of the complexities that arise in these problems. We introduce a formal model of the problem domain, present experimental insights and identify open challenges for both the planning and scheduling as well as the mechanism design communities.
The Effect of Information Security Incidents on Corporate Values in the Japanese Stock Market

We investigated the economic effects of newspaper reports of information security incidents on corporate values in the Japanese stock market. We found a different trend of effects in terms of reaction speed in the Japanese stock market compared with the US market. The reaction to news reports of the incidents is slower in the Japanese stock market than in the US market. We found statistically significant reactions in around 10 days after the news reports. We also found a new factor, i.e. PBR (Price Book-value Ratio), has more impact to the corporate market values than incident type, firm type or firm size. Corporate investments on information security are highly evaluated as intangible assets in the stock market especially for IT-oriented firms. PBR represents a kind of a measure how much intangible assets are evaluated in the market compared with net (tangible) assets. Our result suggests that firms whose intangible assets are highly evaluated suffer from the security incidents more severely than those whose intangible assets are evaluated smaller.
Towards the functional verification of large sequential circuits

Verifying the equivalence of sequential circuits is computationally expensive. Therefore it is interesting to investigate whether a divide-and-conquer strategy can be used to manage the complexity of this problem. This approach requires a verification method which combines an effective decomposition technique with a powerful base verification algorithm. In this paper, we discuss how functional dependencies can be used to find a good decomposition and to improve the performance of the base verification algorithm.
Ugdymo principo taikymo galimybės personalui mokyti

Straipsnyje, remiantis Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių publikacijomis, pagrįsta personalo ugdymo koncepcija. Atliktas personalo ugdymo principo taikymo galimybių Lietuvos įmonių personalui mokyti tyrimas, naudojant ekspertine įmonių vadovų apklausą, leido įvertinti ugdymo būkle ir problemas. Aptartos taikytinos personalo ugdymo priemonės Lietuvos įmonėms.
Improvisation of particle swarm optimization algorithm

The improvised Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm offers better search efficiency than conventional PSO algorithm. It provides an efficient technique to obtain the best optimized result in the search space. This algorithm ensures a faster rate of convergence to the desired solution whose precision can be preset by the user. The inertia parameter is varied linearly with iteration number, which results in more accurate solution for unimodal functions. The control over the precision value acts as a trade-off between the convergence time and precision of the desired solution, and it can be viewed as a performance parameter. Swarm convergence is followed by a mutation process, which further improves the obtained result by enhancing the local search ability of some particles. The results show that the solution with predefined precision level can be obtained with the minimum number of iterations.
Event detection : IPG-BJTU at Trecvid 2010

In trecvid 2010, our team takes part in 4 event detection competition including embracing, pointing, object put and cell to ear. We build four systems to recognize these events separately. For embracing, we use a probability accumulated method. For pointing, we use motion energy image and rules to recognize this action. For object put, we use probability rule. And for cell to ear, we use orientation of optical flow and SVM classifier to finish this work. In the experiment, two actions of our work obtain good performance.
Learning latent variable grammars from complementary perspectives

The corpus for training a parser consists of sentences of heterogeneous grammar usages. Previous parser domain adaptation work has concentrated on adaptation to the shifts in vocabulary rather than grammar usage. In this paper, we focus on exploiting the diversity of training date separately and then accumulates their advantages. We propose an approach that grammar is biased toward relevant syntactic style, and the complementary grammar usage are combined for inference. Multiple grammars with partly complementary points of strength are induced individually. They capture complementary data representation, and we accumulates their advantages in a joint model to assemble the complementary depicting powers. Despite its compatibility with many other methods, out product model achieves 85.20% F1 score on Penn Chinese Treebank, higher than previous systems.
An Empirical Study of Memory and Information Retrieval with a Spatial User Interface

The rapid advances in information retrieval, especially with visualisation-oriented user interface design, highlight the need for an understanding of the interplay between cognitive abilities of users and the design of visual user interfaces. In this study, we focus on two aspects of memory abilities of users in attempts to reveal their roles in facilitating information-seeking tasks. In particular, we study the relationships between associative memory and the use of a spatial user interface, and the relationship between visual memory and the same user interface. The design of the spatial user interface draws upon information visualisation techniques in order to highlight the strongest semantic relations in the search space. Two retrieval tasks were performed. While associative memory was strongly correlated with the first task, visual memory was negatively correlated with the second task. Both correlations were statistically significant. Implications for user interface design and suggestions for further empirical studies are also discussed.
Complete genome sequence of Sebaldella termitidis type strain (NCTC 11300T)

Sebaldella termitidis (Sebald 1962) Collins and Shah 1986, is the only species in the genus Sebaldella within the fusobacterial family ‘Leptotrichiaceae’. The sole and type strain of the species was first isolated about 50 years ago from intestinal content of Mediterranean termites. The species is of interest for its very isolated phylogenetic position within the phylum Fusobacteria in the tree of life, with no other species sharing more than 90% 16S rRNA sequence similarity. The 4,486,650 bp long genome with its 4,210 protein-coding and 54 RNA genes is part of the GenomicEncyclopedia ofBacteria andArchaea project.
High-level open evolvable systems design by process-oriented modeling: application to DNA replication mechanism

Open Evolvable Systems' design requires a methodological [1] and conceptual paradigm different from the conventional software design. Evolvable Systems' research [2, 6, 16, and 17] has established itself as a new research field, but the content is more domain-oriented than universal. Consequently, major contributions toward substantiation of that universal methodological and conceptual paradigm are yet to come. In this paper we present a new perspective and method for the general-purpose design of Evolvable Systems. The paper presents the attributes of the Evolvable Systems and discusses the distinction between Evolvable Systems' and conventional software design as well as the methodological ramifications. We pose and address the question of what is an efficient methodology for designing a system for which we do not know the boundaries? We present our version of Process-oriented Modeling as the key method in the high-level design of Evolvable Systems and show its utilization in implementation of one modeling case of a complex Evolvable System, the DNA replication process. We also present the dynamic aspects of the design process management and pre-code verifications in the framework of Quantified Controls and Simulations.
Constraining solar abundances using helioseismology

Recent analyses of solar photospheric abundances suggest that the oxygen abundance in the solar atmosphere needs to be revised downwards. In this study we investigate the consequence of this revision on helioseismic analyses of the depth of the solar convection zone and the helium abundance in the solar envelope and find no significant effect. We also find that the revised abundances along with the current OPAL opacity tables are not consistent with seismic data. A significant upward revision of the opacity tables is required to make solar models with lower oxygen abundance consistent with seismic observations.
How important are household demographic characteristics to explain private car use patterns? A multilevel approach to Austrian data

Private car use is one of the major contributors to pollution in industrialised countries. It is therefore important to understand the factors that determine the demand for car use. In explaining the variability in car use, it is important to take into account household demographic characteristics and local and regional differences in infrastructure, in addition to the economic variables commonly used in the prevailing literature on the topic. The appropriate tool to explain car ownership and car use is, therefore, a multilevel statistical approach. An Austrian household survey from 1997 finds that household characteristics such as age, gender, education and employment of the household head, household size and housing quality can effect the variability of car ownership and car use. The same survey also gives a clear indication of regional heterogeneity. This heterogeneity persists when we controlled for the variability of regional economic welfare and infrastructure as indicated by population density.
A New Divide & Conquer Software Process Model

— The software system goes through a number of stages during its life and a software process model gives a standard format for planning, organizing and running a project. The article presents a new software development process model named as “Divide and Conquer Process Model”, based on the idea first it divides the things to make them simple and then gathered them to get the whole work done. The article begins with the backgrounds of different software process models and problems in these models. This is followed by a new divide and conquer process model, explanation of its different stages and at the end edge over other models is shown.
Evaluating line drawings of human face

This paper presents the results of a study in which type of line drawings intended to convey 3D faces by using the normal estimation method based on the face domain knowledge, including facial expressions, facial orientation and the regions of five senses. Estimated lines include occluding contours, suggestive contours, ridges and valleys, apparent ridges, and lines from shaded images. Our findings suggest that different style of line drawing has its own advantage in depicting different parts of human face, and that errors in depiction are localized in particular regions of human face. Our study also shows the result that which kind of lines can do better in depicting special parts of human face for different expressions, like eyes, nose, mouth and so on. Finally, we generate optimized line drawing results for different face models to illustrate the efficiency of our evaluation result.
Socioeconomic Factors Associated with Knowledge on Tuberculosis among Adults in Ethiopia

Background. Ethiopia is among highly tuberculosis affected countries. This might be related to low level of awareness on the disease in the population. The objective of the study was to determine the level of tuberculosis knowledge and socioeconomic factors associated with it. Methods. The 2011 Ethiopia health and demographic survey data were used. Overall tuberculosis knowledge score was computed to evaluate the outcome variable. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent socioeconomic factors associated with low tuberculosis knowledge. Results. The overall tuberculosis knowledge was low, 44.05% (95% CI: 42.05–46.24%) among women and 32.3% (95% CI: 30.34–34.32%) among men. Rural women (AOR = 1.22) and youth, no formal education (women: AOR = 3.28, men: AOR = 7.42), attending only primary education (women: AOR = 1.95, men: AOR = 3.49), lowest wealth quintiles (women: AOR = 1.4, Men: AOR = 1.28), unskilled female manual workers (AOR = 4.15), female agricultural employee (AOR = 2.28), and lack of access to media (women: AOR = 1.52, men: AOR = 1.71) are significantly associated with low tuberculosis knowledge. Conclusion. The level of tuberculosis knowledge among adults in Ethiopia is low and varied by socioeconomic groups. Tuberculosis control programs should consider appropriate strategies for tuberculosis education, promotion, communication, and social mobilization to address the rural women, youths, the poor, less educated people, and unskilled workers.
Siddhartha: a method for developing domain-specific test driver generators

Siddhartha applies the domain-specific language (DSL) paradigm to solve difficult problems in specification-based testing (SBT). Domain-specific test case data specifications (TestSpecs) and difficult-to-test program design styles engender difficult SBT problems, which are the essential phenomena of interest to Siddhartha. Difficult-to-test program design styles are explicitly represented by domain-specific, unit test driver reference designs that accommodate the problematic program design styles. DSLs are developed to represent both TestSpecs and Driver reference designs. A DSL language processing tool (a translator) is developed that maps TestSpecs into Drivers. We developed a prototype implementation of Siddhartha via Reasoning SDK (formerly known as Software Refinery) and developed two domain-specific TestSpec/spl rarr/Driver translators. Each translator generated Drivers that revealed new failures in a real-world digital flight control application program.
Uptake and specific binding of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the olfactory mucosa of mice and rats.

Whole-body autoradiography of mice and rats after i.v. administration of 2,3,7,8-[14C]tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin ([14C]TCDD) showed a selective localization of radioactivity in the liver and nasal olfactory mucosa. In microautoradiograms of solvent extracted sections of the skulls of mice given injections of [3H]TCDD, no radioactivity was observed in the olfactory mucosa, suggesting that TCDD is not covalently bound in this tissue. The amount of specific [3H]TCDD binding sites in cytosol from the ethmoturbinates of rats (33 fmol/mg cytosolic protein) was comparable to that of the liver cytosol as estimated by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide concentration gradient gel, and therefore probably too low to explain the retention of radioactivity in the olfactory mucosa. The specific TCDD binding species in the mucosa of the ethmoturbinates exhibited a similar binding affinity for [3H]TCDD, ligand specificity, and molecular weight as the TCDD receptor from rat liver. The 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity of the mucosa of the ethmoturbinates was induced less than twice by administration of the TCDD receptor ligand beta-naphthoflavone (5,6-benzoflavone) 40 h before killing. By administration of beta-naphthoflavone (5,6-benzoflavone) 16 h before killing, mRNA coding for cytochrome P-450d but not for cytochrome P-450c was induced to detectable levels in the mucosa of the ethmoturbinal tissue of the rat. The basal activity of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation of the mucosa of the ethmoturbinates of the rat was comparable to the corresponding activity of the liver. This basal metabolic activity of the ethmoturbinal tissue was only marginally inhibited by antibodies raised against beta-naphthoflavone (5,6-benzoflavone) induced hepatic cytochrome P-450s. Thus, enzymes other than cytochrome P-450c may possibly account for a part of the basal 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activity in the rodent olfactory mucosa.
Non-linear particle acceleration at non-relativistic shock waves in the presence of self-generated turbulence

Particle acceleration at astrophysical shocks may be very efficient if magnetic scattering is self-generated by the same particles. This non-linear process adds to the non-linear modification of the shock due to the dynamical reaction of the accelerated particles on the shock. Building on a previous general solution of the problem of particle acceleration with arbitrary diffusion coefficients, we present here the first semi-analytical calculation of particle acceleration with both effects taken into account at the same time; charged particles are accelerated in the background of Alfven waves that they generate due to the streaming instability, and modify the dynamics of the plasma in the shock vicinity.
Spin torque dynamics with noise in magnetic nanosystems

We investigate the role of equilibrium and nonequilibrium noise in the magnetization dynamics on mono-domain ferromagnets. Starting from a microscopic model we present a detailed derivation of the spin shot noise correlator. We investigate the ramifications of the nonequilibrium noise on the spin torque dynamics, both in the steady state precessional regime and the spin switching regime. In the latter case we apply a generalized Fokker-Planck approach to spin switching, which models the switching by an Arrhenius law with an effective elevated temperature. We calculate the renormalization of the effective temperature due to spin shot noise and show that the nonequilibrium noise leads to the creation of cold and hot spot with respect to the noise intensity.
Generalized Eigenvectors for Large Multiclass Problems

Generalized eigenvectors (GEVs) between the class-conditional second moment matrices have recently been shown to be a scalable and powerful technique for feature learning, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance on a variety of domains. However, the number of such features naturally scales with the square of the number of classes k, causing both statistical and computational inefficiencies when k is large. This is a serious weakness of the basic GEV method in light of ongoing interest in large-cardinality multiclass classification. We investigate several methods for feature selection by picking class pairs, and demonstrate the superiority of a novel approach that casts the problem as an adversarial saddlepoint problem, solvable with an efficient convex program.