Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
α-Ketoglutarate Accumulation Is Not Dependent on Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Activity during Tellurite Detoxification in Escherichia coli

Tellurite is toxic to most microorganisms because of its ability to generate oxidative stress. However, the way in which tellurite interferes with cellular processes is not fully understood to date. In this line, it was previously shown that tellurite-exposed cells displayed reduced activity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (α-KGDH), which resulted in α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) accumulation. In this work, we assessed if α-KG accumulation in tellurite-exposed E. coli could also result from increased isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities, both enzymes involved in α-KG synthesis. Unexpectedly both activities were found to decrease in the presence of the toxicant, an observation that seems to result from the decreased transcription of icdA and gdhA genes (encoding ICDH and GDH, resp.). Accordingly, isocitrate levels were found to increase in tellurite-exposed E. coli. In the presence of the toxicant, cells lacking icdA or gdhA exhibited decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and higher tellurite sensitivity as compared to the wild type strain. Finally, a novel branch activity of ICDH as tellurite reductase is presented.
Book Reviews : Meta-Analysis in Social Research. Gene V Glass, Barry McGaw, and Mary Lee Smith (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1982

behavioral science studies are multiplying at a very fast rate. Quite often, they deal with the same issues and are examining the same phenomena. The question, therefore, is, &dquo;How can an overwhelming accumulation of social and behavioral research be synthesized and interpreted accurately? &dquo; The authors propose metaanalysis as a way of integrating and synthesizing a vast body of published research in any given area. The authors cite some earlier attempts at integrating knowledge and feel that those attempts have been inadequate, unsystematic, and have some validity and reliability problems. Meta-analysis is a useful concept, and as Cook and Leviton (1980) have stated, &dquo;meta-analysis is the name given to a set of techniques for reviewing research in which the data from different studies
A Novel IMS QoS Strategy Decision Method Based on Markov Model for Multipath Transmission

This paper proposes a novel decision QoS (Quality of Service) model for multipath transmission based on Markov model. Specifically, the model consists of three units: information acquisition unit, computing unit and decision-making unit. The responsibility of information acquisition unit is to collect status information of each path. Then the computing unit, the most critical unit, put the Mark off random process into the application layer of overlay network. It computes the transition probability based on transmission paths states. At last, the decision-making unit makes decision according to the system threshold value. If the sample has met the specifications required by the user, an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) multimedia session is established. Finally, the measurement and results part conclude that, this model can not only increase resource utilization rate, but also does not break the intrinsic mechanism of IMS QoS. Besides, it avoids the single-point effect, and the overall performance of system can be improved greatly.
Villages that Never Were: The Museum Village as a Heritage Genre

Villages of relocated buildings now constitute a phenomenon of the world’s repertoire of heritage. They go by a multitude of names depending on particular inflection: open air museum, folk museum, living history museum, heritage village, museum village and so forth. 1 This paper reviews the context of the form of the genre’s manifestation in Australia, where it is often known as the ‘pioneer village’. They are the fruit of a populist vision of national history which celebrates white rural settlement as its central theme. In practice, the villages manifest a deep commitment to collecting and saving old buildings as the meaningful construction of a favourite historical identity. But the generation that established Australia’s villages has been overtaken. Today, the intersection of museum villages with the managerialist pressures of local economy enhancement and modern professional standards of heritage management challenge most villages’ survival.
High-speed recursive filter structures composed of identical all-pass subfilters for interpolation, decimation, and QMF banks with perfect magnitude reconstruction

High-speed recursive filter structures for interpolation and decimation with factors of two, and quadrature mirror filter (QMF) banks with perfect magnitude reconstruction, are proposed. The structures are composed of identical all-pass subfilters that are interconnected via extra multipliers. For the case of interpolation and decimation filters, the overall transfer function corresponds in the simplest case to several half-band infinite-impulse response (IIR) filters in cascade. To achieve a smaller passband ripple than for a cascade design, a design procedure that has been used earlier for single-rate filters is used. In this approach, the design is split into designs of a prototype finite-impulse response (FIR) filter and a half-band IIR filter. For the case of QMF banks, the design is again separated into designs of a prototype FIR filter and a half-band IIR filter. One major advantage of the proposed filter structures over the corresponding conventional (half-band filter) structures is that the required coefficient word length for the all-pass filters is substantially reduced, implying that the maximal sample frequency can he substantially increased for a given VLSI technology. Further, for interpolation and decimation, the arithmetic complexity may be reduced in comparison with both the conventional structures and straightforward cascade structures. Simple recurrence formulas for computation of the interconnecting multipliers, given the overall transfer function, are derived. Several examples are included which compare the proposed structures with the corresponding conventional and straightforward cascade structures.
1 × 4 Integrated Microlenses High-Rate Photodetector Array for Optical Communication Transmission

Toward the application of 400 G optical receiver chips in optical communication systems, this paper presents a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times 4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> photodetector (PD) array with a monolithic integrated InP microlenses structure. The absorption layer of the PD array in question includes the non-depleted, partially depleted, and depleted regions. This third-order composite absorber layer accelerates the diffusion of electrons in the absorber layer and balances the transport times of holes and electrons. Therefore, the high-speed and high responsivity characteristics of the device can be realized. The integration of InP microlenses on the backside of the PD allows the effective photosensitive surface area to be increased and the incident light alignment deviation to be compensated. Tests yielded a 3-dB bandwidth of the PD array at 1310 nm greater than 40 GHz, with a peak responsivity of 0.64 A/W. The responsivity of two types of PDs was measured when incident at a distance of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> away from the main optical axis. The responsivity of the integrated microlenses decreased to 67.05% of the maximum value. Compared to the device without integrated microlenses, the responsivity increased by 66.76%.
BRAIN — Asymmetry

ipsilateral (same side) pathways in conveying rival information. Inputs contralateral to the speech processor occlude ipsilateral inputs, and the occlusion results from the sound structure of each of the competing stimuli. Rosenzweig has substantiated in cats the stronger contralateral ear-cortex connections. In reaction time tasks for the detection of visually-presented verbal stimuli, requiring a manual response with either right or left hands, little or no differences emerge according to which hemisphere originally received the input. Two critical factors may contribute to this
Discriminative Subspace Method for Minimum Error Pattern Recognition

Subspace Method (SM) is one of fundamental frameworks for pattern recognition. In particular, its discriminative learning version, called Learning Subspace Method (LSM), has been shown quite useful in various applications. However, this important design method leaves much room for further analysis due to the lack of a link between LSM and the ultimate goal of pattern recognition, i.e. the minimum error situation. In this light, we investigate in this paper SM from the viewpoint of the Minimum Classification Error/Generalized Probabilistic Descent method (MCE/GPD). Applying MCE/GPD to SM, we formalize a new discriminative subspace method, called the Minimum Error Learning Subspace method (MELS), which enables one to directly pursue the minimum error recognition. This paper also provides a rigorous analysis of the MELS’s learning mechanism as well as a comparison between the conventional LSM and MELS.
Object Retrieval Landmark transfer with minimal graph

We present an efficient and robust algorithm for the landmark transfer on 3D meshes that are approximately isometric. Given one or more custom landmarks placed by the user on a source mesh, our method efficiently computes corresponding landmarks on a family of target meshes. The technique is useful when a user is interested in characterization and reuse of application-specific landmarks on meshes of similar shape (for example, meshes coming from the same class of objects). Consequently, across a set of multiple meshes consistency is assured among landmarks, regardless of landmark geometric distinctiveness. The main advantage of our method over existing approaches is its low computation time. Differently from existing non-rigid registration techniques, our method detects and uses a minimum number of geometric features that are necessary to accurately locate the user-defined landmarks and avoids performing unnecessary full registration. In addition, unlike previous techniques that assume strict consistency with respect to geodesic distances, we adopt histograms of geodesic distance to define feature point coordinates, in order to handle the deviation of isometric deformation. This allows us to accurately locate the landmarks with only a small number of feature points in proximity, from which we build what we call a minimal graph. We demonstrate and evaluate the quality of transfer by our algorithm on a number of Tosca data sets. & 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The student voice in higher education curriculum design: is there value in listening?

This article presents a case study illustrating the potential value of enhanced student participation in higher education (HE) curriculum development, in response to an absence of research in this area. Lecturers and students had divergent views of the effectiveness of a staff-led redesign of a module curriculum. Focus groups were used to investigate reasons for the opposing views informing a second, more successful, redesign evidenced by improved feedback, attendance and marks. We discuss how a closer alignment with the ‘student voice’ facilitated the emergence of perceptions not revealed by usual feedback routes. We suggest potential reasons why this occurred including how student views challenged staff assumptions about the learning and teaching process and our initial interpretation of literature. We discuss how our findings might enhance the development of the student voice in HE, and their relevance to continuing debate about the purpose of HE curricula.
A Platform for Unobtrusive Measurements on PlanetLab

TCP Sidecar is a network measurement platform for injecting probes transparently into externally generated TCP streams. By coupling measurement probes with nonmeasurement traffic, we are able to obtain measurements behind NATs and firewalls without alerting intrusion detection systems. In this paper, we discuss Sidecar's design and our deployment experience on PlanetLab. We present preliminary results from Sidecar-based tools for RTT estimation ("sideping") and receiver-side bottleneck location ("artrat").
Diversification, Ricardian rents, and Tobin's q

According to prevailing theory, firms diversify in response to excess capacity of factors that are subject to market failure. By probing into the heterogeneity of these factors, we develop the corollary that firms that elect to diversify most widely should expect the lowest average rents. An empirical test, with Tobin's q as the measure of rents, is consistent with this theory.
Dietary carotenoid availability, sexual signalling and functional fertility in sticklebacks

In species where males express carotenoid-based sexual signals, more intensely coloured males may be signalling their enhanced ability to combat oxidative stress. This may include mitigating deleterious oxidative damage to their sperm, and so be directly related to their functional fertility. Using a split-clutch in vitro fertilization technique and dietary carotenoid manipulation, we demonstrate that in non-competitive fertilization assays, male three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) that are fed higher (but biologically relevant) levels of carotenoids had a significantly increased fertilization success, irrespective of maternal carotenoid intake. Furthermore, within diet groups, a male's fertilization success was positively related to the expression of his carotenoid-based nuptial coloration, with more intensely coloured males having higher functional fertility. These data provide, to our knowledge, the first demonstration that dietary access to carotenoids influences fertilization success, and suggest that females could use a male's nuptial coloration as an indicator of his functional fertility.
Effects of yoga on chronic neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: The aim of this review was to systematically assess and meta-analyze the effectiveness of yoga in relieving chronic neck pain. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and IndMED were screened through January 2017 for randomized controlled trials assessing neck pain intensity and/or neck pain-related disability in chronic neck pain patients. Secondary outcome measures included quality of life, mood, and safety. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Results: Three studies on 188 patients with chronic non-specific neck pain comparing yoga to usual care were included. Two studies had overall low risk of bias; and one had high or unclear risk of bias for several domains. Evidence for short-term effects was found for neck pain intensity (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.18, −0.75; P < 0.001), neck pain-related disability (SMD = −0.97; 95% CI = −1.44, −0.50; P < 0.001), quality of life (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.197; P = 0.005), and mood (SMD = −1.02; 95% CI = −1.38, −0.65; P < 0.001). Effects were robust against potential methodological bias and did not differ between different intervention subgroups. In the two studies that included safety data, no serious adverse events occurred. Conclusion: Yoga has short-term effects on chronic neck pain, its related disability, quality of life, and mood suggesting that yoga might be a good treatment option.
Facile preparation of carbon wrapped copper telluride nanowires as high performance anodes for sodium and lithium ion batteries

Uniform carbon wrapped copper telluride nanowires were successfully prepared by using an in situ conversion reaction. The length of these nanowires is up to several micrometers and the width is around 30–40 nm. The unique one dimensional structure and the presence of conformal carbon coating of copper telluride greatly accommodate the large volumetric changes during cycling, significantly increase the electrical conductivity and reduce charge transfer resistance. The copper telluride nanowires show promising performance in a lithium ion battery with a discharge capacity of 130.2 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 6.0 A g−1 (26.74 C) and a stable cycling performance of 673.3 mA h g−1 during the 60th cycle at 100 mA g−1. When evaluated as anode material for a sodium ion battery, the copper telluride nanowires deliver a reversible capacity of 68.1 mA h g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 (∼4.46 C) and have a high capacity retention of 177.5 mA h g−1 during the 500th cycle at 100 mA g−1.
Systematic Assessment of Mental Health Following Various Types of Posttrauma Support

In this study, we evaluated the influence of different forms of support (peer support, ventilation or defusing led by the ordinary group leader, and more formal debriefing sessions led by an external counselor) on mental health following traumatic experiences, using a prospective study design. The sample consisted of a Swedish battalion (N = 510), which was part of NATO's implementation force in Bosnia in 1996. Preservice assessment was made of personality, sense of coherence, and mental health. One third of the soldiers experienced traumatic situations during their service. Results showed that poor mental health after service was related more to preservice mental health and sense of coherence than to trauma exposure and posttrauma support. Peer support followed by a defusing session had a positive effect on postservice mental health, although this did not apply to the individuals with the worst preservice mental health. The value of formal debriefings could not be evaluated due to insufficient data.
Characterizing search intent diversity into click models

Modeling a user's click-through behavior in click logs is a challenging task due to the well-known position bias problem. Recent advances in click models have adopted the examination hypothesis which distinguishes document relevance from position bias. In this paper, we revisit the examination hypothesis and observe that user clicks cannot be completely explained by relevance and position bias. Specifically, users with different search intents may submit the same query to the search engine but expect different search results. Thus, there might be a bias between user search intent and the query formulated by the user, which can lead to the diversity in user clicks. This bias has not been considered in previous works such as UBM, DBN and CCM. In this paper, we propose a new intent hypothesis as a complement to the examination hypothesis. This hypothesis is used to characterize the bias between the user search intent and the query in each search session. This hypothesis is very general and can be applied to most of the existing click models to improve their capacities in learning unbiased relevance. Experimental results demonstrate that after adopting the intent hypothesis, click models can better interpret user clicks and achieve a significant NDCG improvement.
Praxis and phronesis as units of analysis: realising a social science that matters in practitioner inquiry

The notions of praxis, or practical action, and phronesis, or practical wisdom, are engaged with from two perspectives in this paper – with examples from author’s classroom studies across various Grade schools in Sweden on one hand and the theoretical exposition of these notions across a selection of existing literature on the other. A persuasive case is made for having praxis and phronesis be regarded as units of analysis suitable for grasping as well as furthering practitioner inquiry. The results of such research, conducted as a practice, are aimed at informing the vicarious and the experiential, upon which any reader can in turn base actions. In their ability to examine the practical, particular and local, the pursuit of such a social science is argued as being one that matters to the practitioners themselves.
Cellular mechanical properties reflect the differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

The mechanical properties of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) clones correlate with their ability to produce tissue-specific metabolites, a finding that has dramatic implications for cell-based regenerative therapies. Autologous ASCs are an attractive cell source due to their immunogenicity and multipotent characteristics. However, for practical applications ASCs must first be purified from other cell types, a critical step which has proven difficult using surface-marker approaches. Alternative enrichment strategies identifying broad categories of tissue-specific cells are necessary for translational applications. One possibility developed in our lab uses single-cell mechanical properties as predictive biomarkers of ASC clonal differentiation capability. Elastic and viscoelastic properties of undifferentiated ASCs were tested via atomic force microscopy and correlated with lineage-specific metabolite production. Cell sorting simulations based on these “mechanical biomarkers” indicated they were predictive of differentiation capability and could be used to enrich for tissue-specific cells, which if implemented could dramatically improve the quality of regenerated tissues.
Risk factors for psychological distress in Northern Ireland

Background: Stress-related mental ill health and its disorders are considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be the new world epidemic and their prevalence rates seem to be increasing worldwide. Aims: To examine and identify sub-populations at risk for psychological discomfort in Northern Ireland and map the relative impact of potential predictors. Methods: A sample of 4,638 respondents to the NIHSW-2001 survey was analysed with latent class analysis and latent class factorial analysis. Latent class multinomial logistic regression assessed the impact of a range of predictors on class membership. Results: Five sub-populations were differentiated. All subgroups at risk for anxiety and depression were characterized as being younger and female. Disability and adverse life events were strong predictors of risk. Long-standing illness and housing worries were predictors of medium and high risk membership. The effect of civil unrest was significant only for the medium-risk subgroup; marital status and income did not affect group membership. Conclusions: Because all five subgroups showed a different probability, but a similar profile of endorsing GHQ-12 items, it could be hypothesized that an underlying continuum dimension of anxiety and depression is present in the Northern Irish population.
Chapter 1: What History Teaches About the Impact of Educational Research on Practice

The title of this chapter is somewhat misleading, since it is uncertain whether history teaches clear "lessons" about the past. Yet, nearly everyone naturally wonders how everything has come to be, and historians for centuries have tried to describe and understand the past not just for its inherent value but also to help account for the present and perhaps to guide the future. Whether reading the daily press or interacting in their own professional worlds, professors of education commonly hear that the relationship between education-related research and changing and improving school practice is ambiguous, difficult to pinpoint, perhaps nonexistent. "Education" research has often been criticized within and outside the academy throughout the 20th century, yet how research relates to practice is a fascinating research problem of its own. Can historians shed any light on this issue?