Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Recovery-Oriented Approach for Software Fault Diagnosis in Complex Critical Systems

This paper proposes an approach to software faults diagnosis in complex fault tolerant systems, encompassing the phases of error detection, fault location, and system recovery. Errors are detected in the first phase, exploiting the operating system support. Faults are identified during the location phase, through a machine learning based approach. Then, the best recovery action is triggered once the fault is located. Feedback actions are also used during the location phase to improve detection quality over time. A real world application from the Air Traffic Control field has been used as case study for evaluating the proposed approach. Experimental results, achieved by means of fault injection, show that the diagnosis engine is able to diagnose faults with high accuracy and at a low overhead.
Investigating the Theoretical Structure of the Stanford-Binet-Fifth Edition

The fifth edition of the Stanford-Binet test went through significant reformulation of its item content, administration format, standardization procedures, and theoretical structure. Additionally, the test was revised to measure five factors important to intelligence across both verbal and nonverbal domains. To better understand these substantial revisions, the underlying factor structure of the instrument was investigated using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis procedures across five age groups tested by the publishers. Analyses were conducted using 4,800 cases included in the instrument standardization. Results suggested that the verbal/nonverbal domains were identifiable with subjects younger than 10 years of age whereas a single factor was readily identified with older age groups.
Expression and Localization of Growth Factors and their Receptors in the Mammalian Testis. Part I: Fibroblast Growth Factors and Insulin‐Like Growth Factors

It is now well established that normal development and function of testis are mediated by endocrine and paracrine pathways including hormones, growth factors and cytokines as well as by direct cell‐to‐cell contacts depending on tight, adhering and gap junctions. In the last two decades, several growth factors were identified in the testis of various mammalian species. Growth factors are shown to promote cell proliferation, regulate tissue differentiation, and modulate organogenesis. Interestingly, most of these peptides are expressed not only in the adult mammalian testis during spermatogenesis but also during testicular morphogenesis in prenatal and postnatal life. Our study was launched to provide an overview of the expression, localization, and putative physiological roles of growth factors and their receptors in the mammalian testis. The growth factors considered in this part of our review are fibroblast growth factors and insulin‐like growth factors. These factors are found in testicular cells in prenatal, postnatal, and adult animals and are implicated in the regulation of important testicular activities including testicular cord morphogenesis, modulation of testicular hormone secretion and control of spermatogenesis.
CYP1B1 mutations in Spanish patients with primary congenital glaucoma: phenotypic and functional variability

Purpose To analyze the contributions of cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) mutations to primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in Spanish patients. Methods We analyzed, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) DNA sequencing, the presence of promoter (−1 to −867) and exon CYP1B1 mutations in 38 unrelated Spanish probands affected by PCG. Functional analysis of nine identified mutations was performed measuring ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation activity and CYP1B1 stability in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK-293-T) cells. Results We found a total of 16 different mutations in 13 (34.2%) index cases. The identified mutations included nine missense and three nonsense nucleotide changes, three small deletions, and a short duplication. Eleven probands were compound heterozygotes and two were heterozygotes. Six of the identified mutations were novel (A106D, E173X, F261L, E262X, W341X, and P513_K514del). Mutations T404fsX30 and R355fsX69 were the most prevalent among index cases and were detected in six (23.0%) and three (11.5%) patients, respectively. Functional analysis showed that the three nonsense mutants assayed (E173X, E262X, and W341X) and F261L were null alleles. Of the remaining mutants, four (P52L, G61E, Y81N, and E229K) showed catalytic activities ranging from 20% to 40% of wild-type CYP1B1 and high protein instability. Mutation P400S showed normal catalytic activity and moderate instability. These five mutants were classified as hypomorphic alleles. Patients carrying two null alleles showed severe phenotypes featured by very early PCG onset usually at birth or in the first month of life (0.6±0.9 months). Incomplete penetrance was detected in patients carrying hypomorphic alleles. Conclusions Our data indicate that approximately one-third of Spanish patients with PCG carry loss-of-function CYP1B1 and show that null alleles are associated with the most severe phenotypes. Hypomorphic alleles may contribute to some cases of incomplete penetrance.
Profile of TMD and Bruxer Compared to TMD and Nonbruxer Patients Regarding Chief Complaint, Previous Consultations, Modes of Therapy, and Chronicity

ABSTRACT This comparative study by groups assesses the profiles of TMD (temporomandibular dysfunction) and bruxism patients and TMD-nonbruxing patients regarding chief complaint, previous medical and dental consultations, duration of the chief complaint, previous medication, and use of splints. The sample consisted of a group of 340 TMD patients, 275 of whom were bruxers and 65 who were nonbruxers. Both patients and controls were consecutive referrals over a period of five years. The group of TMD and Bruxer was classified according to the degree of severity. One hundred eight (108), 84, and 83 patients demonstrated mild, moderate, and severe bruxism respectively. Information gathered included a set of questionnaires, history of signs and symptoms, and a clinical examination. The most common chief complaints in TMD bruxers and nonbruxers were facial, temporomandibular joint, headache and/or cervical pain, and joint noises. It was observed that the need for medical and dental consultations increased with the severity of bruxism. It was also apparent in this study that the need for medication (analgesics, muscle relaxants, and antidepressants), increased with the severity of bruxism. Moderate and severe subgroups of bruxers used significantly more splints compared to mild bruxers and to TMD-nonbruxer patients. Both groups of TMD + bruxism and TMD—nonbruxism sought medical and dental consultations with dentists (clinicians and specialists) neurologists, and otolaryngologists more frequently compared to other medical professionals. Since the need for health services increased with the severity of bruxism, this study urges the need to include a protocol or questionnaire to assess the severity of bruxing behavior in TMD patients in order to use a customized method of treatment/management. This study also reinforces the point of view that different subgroups of TMD and bruxism do exist and suggests a differentiated therapeutic approach. They show previously confirmed findings that pain is the major complaint of TMD and bruxer patients.
Spatial color image retrieval without segmentation using thumbnails and the Earth Mover's Distance

We introduce a spatial color image retrieval method which does not include any segmentation step. This method relies on small image thumbnails and the Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD). We then derive an unsupervised matching criterion using an a contrario approach. Experiments are performed on a database of illuminated manuscripts. Introduction Color image retrieval methods that do not take into account any spatial layout miss important cues of human visual perception. Hence spatial color indexing retrieval has become a very active research area. Some approaches augment histograms with pixel localization or spatial color correlation, see e.g. [1, 2, 3, 4]. Other methods use points of interest in the image to include spatial features [5, 6]. Region-based approaches first perform a segmentation of images which is then used for image comparison. The Blobworld image representation, for instance, uses multidimensional Gaussian mixtures as the image model [7]. Many other unsupervised segmentation methods have been used to index images, see e.g. [8, 9, 10]. A matching step follows the segmentation and indexing steps, generally relying on a distance or a similarity measure. One of the most efficient distance to compare sets of features is the Earth Mover’s Distance (EMD) [11], see e.g. [12, 8]. We propose a retrieval method that rely on the spatial organization of colors. The plan of the paper as follows. We first define the features used to represent the spatial and color contents of images. We then introduce a distance derived from optimal transportation problems, the Earth Mover’s Distance, and discuss its use for the comparison of images signatures. Next we derive an automatic criterion, enabling to decide whether two images should be matched or not, using an a contrario approach. We conclude with numerical experiments on a database of illuminated manuscripts. Features The proposed method uses coarsely sampled thumbnails to represent images (Fig. 1). The total number of pixels of these thumbnails is fixed to n, depending on the database content and on computing constraints. Image subsampling is achieved by averaging the image pixels. We choose the psychometric CIELab color space to represent thumbnails, in order to use the Euclidean distance to compare their color components. The signature for an image is composed of the n thumbnail pixel features f i = {Li,ai,bi,X i,Y i}, where L,a,b are the color coordinates and X ,Y the spatial positions. Distance To measure the distance between two pixel features f i Q and f j T of a query image Q and a target image T respectively, a Figure 1. A coarsely sampled thumbnail. Left: source image (3200×2200 pixels). Right: the thumbnail (10×15 pixels). weighted exponential distance is used: de( f i Q, f j T ) = α ∗  1− e − ( (Li Q−L j T ) +(aQ−a j T ) +(bQ−b j T ) 2
Antibody response of two populations of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., exposed to koi herpesvirus.

Common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. , exposed to koi herpesvirus (KHV) may become persistently infected and populations containing such virus-infected individuals may transmit the virus to other fish when co-habited. Detection of virus-infected fish in a population is thus critical to surveillance and control programmes for KHV. A study was therefore designed to detect anti-KHV serum antibodies, with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in common carp following experimental exposures to KHV under varying environmental conditions. The study determined that a proportion of fish within a population experimentally exposed to KHV (at least 10-25%) develop high antibody titres (1/1600 or greater) to the virus, and this immunological response was detectable for several months (observed at the termination of the experiments at 65, 46 and 27 weeks post-exposure). Furthermore, this response was detected in one population of fish that did not succumb to a high level of mortality when maintained at water temperatures that were non-permissive for KHV. Elevating the water temperatures to permissive conditions for KHV resulted in recurrence of disease despite the presence of anti-virus antibodies, suggesting that serum antibodies alone are not protective under the conditions of our trials.
The discriminant validity of the culture assessment instrument: A comparison of company sub-cultures

The primary purpose of this study was to assess the discriminant validity of the Culture Assessment Instrument (CAI); that is to distinguish between company mean sub-culture scores and between mean scores of a target company and that of a norm group. The primary data was obtained by a sample of convenience (N = 593) from a transport organisation. The secondary data of the norm group was constituted by convenience samples (N = 4066) from various companies originating from different industries. The 56 item scores of the CAI were factor analysed on two levels followed by iterative item analyses. Although significant differences were detected between mean culture scores, only a small proportion of the variance in these scores could be attributed to culture differences. On these grounds, the CAI does not possess discriminant validity. Suggestions for improving the CAI were made. Opsomming Die primere doel van die studie was om die diskriminante geldigheid van die ‘Culture Assessment Instrument’ (CAI) te beoordeel; dit is om tussen ondernemings se gemiddelde kultuur-subtelling te onderskei en tussen die gemiddelde tellings van ‘n teiken onderneming en ’n normgroep. Die primere data is verkry van ’n geleentheidsteekproef (N = 593) uit ’n transport-onderneming. Die sekondere data van die normgroep is saamgestel uit geleentheidsteekproewe (N = 4066) van verskillende ondernemings afkomstig uit verskeie industriee. Die 56 itemtellings van die CAI is op twee vlakke gefaktoranaliseer, gevolg deur iteratiewe itemontledings. Ofskoon beduidende verskille tussen gemiddelde kultuurtellings gevind is, kon slegs ’n klein proporsie van die variansie in die tellings aan kultuurverskille toegeskryf word. Op hierdie gronde beskik die CAI nie oor diskriminante geldigheid nie. Voorstelle ter verbetering van die CAI is gemaak.
Novel Insights into DNA Methylation Features in Spermatozoa: Stability and Peculiarities

Data about the entire sperm DNA methylome are limited to two sperm donors whereas studies dealing with a greater number of subjects focused only on a few genes or were based on low resolution arrays. This implies that information about what we can consider as a normal sperm DNA methylome and whether it is stable among different normozoospermic individuals is still missing. The definition of the DNA methylation profile of normozoospermic men, the entity of inter-individual variability and the epigenetic characterization of quality-fractioned sperm subpopulations in the same subject (intra-individual variability) are relevant for a better understanding of pathological conditions. We addressed these questions by using the high resolution Infinium 450K methylation array and compared normal sperm DNA methylomes against somatic and cancer cells. Our study, based on the largest number of subjects (n = 8) ever considered for such a large number of CpGs (n = 487,517), provided clear evidence for i) a highly conserved DNA methylation profile among normozoospermic subjects; ii) a stable sperm DNA methylation pattern in different quality-fractioned sperm populations of the same individual. The latter finding is particularly relevant if we consider that different quality fractioned sperm subpopulations show differences in their structural features, metabolic and genomic profiles. We demonstrate, for the first time, that DNA methylation in normozoospermic men remains highly uniform regardless the quality of sperm subpopulations. In addition, our analysis provided both confirmatory and novel data concerning the sperm DNA methylome, including its peculiar features in respect to somatic and cancer cells. Our description about a highly polarized sperm DNA methylation profile, the clearly distinct genomic and functional organization of hypo- versus hypermethylated loci as well as the association of histone-enriched hypomethylated loci with embryonic development, which we now extended also to hypomethylated piRNAs-linked genes, provides solid basis for future basic and clinical research.
The personal belief in a just world and domain-specific beliefs about justice at school and in the family: A longitudinal study with adolescents

This article investigates the relationship between the personal belief in a just world (BJW) and domain-specific beliefs about justice and examines how justice cognitions impact on adolescents' development, particularly on their achievement at school and their subjective well-being. A longitudinal questionnaire study with German adolescents aged 14–19 years was conducted over a period of five to eight months. The pattern of results revealed that evaluations of the school climate and of the family climate as being just were two distinct phenomena, both of which impacted on the personal BJW, which in turn affected the domain-specific beliefs about justice. However, the domain-specific beliefs about justice did not impact on each other directly. Moreover, an evaluation of the family climate (but not of the school climate) as being just reduced depressive symptoms, whereas depressive symptoms did not weaken the evaluation of one's family as being just. The evaluation of the school climate as being just improved the grades received in the next school report, whereas the grades received did not affect the justice evaluation of the school climate. Finally, all relationships persisted when controlling for age and gender. In sum, the pattern of findings supports the notion that justice cognitions impact on development during adolescence.
Adhesion Molecule Expression and Function of Primary Endothelial Cells in Benign and Malignant Tissues Correlates with Proliferation

Background Comparative analysis of the cellular biology of the microvasculature in different tissues requires the availability of viable primary endothelial cells (ECs). This study describes a novel method to isolate primary ECs from healthy organs, repair blastemas and tumors as examples of non-proliferating and proliferating benign and malignant tissues and their functional characterization. Methodology/Principal Findings Single cell suspensions from hearts, lungs, repair blastemas and tumors were incubated consecutively with an anti-CD31 antibody and magnetic micro-beads, coupled to a derivative of biotin and streptavidin, respectively. Following magnetic bead separation, CD31-positive ECs were released by biotin-streptavidin competition. In the absence of micro-beads, ECs became adherent to plastic surfaces. ECs from proliferating repair blastemas and tumors were larger and exhibited higher expression densities of CD31, CD105 and CD102 compared to those from non-proliferating normal tissues such as heart and lung. The expression density of CD34 was particularly high in tumor-derived ECs, and that of CD54 and CD144 in ECs of repair blastemas. Functionally, ECs of non-proliferating and proliferating tissues differed in their capacity to form tubes in matrigel and to align under flow conditions. Conclusions/Significance This method provides a powerful tool to generate high yields of viable, primary ECs of different origins. The results suggest that an altered expression of adhesion molecules on ECs in proliferating tissues contribute to loss of EC function that might cause a chaotic tumor vasculature.
Distributed Convoy Pattern Mining

Due to the wide spread of mobile devices equipped with location sensors, the amount of mobility data being generated is enormous. Mining this data to reveal interesting behavioral patterns has gained attention in recent years. Various mobility patterns have been proposed which describe collective mobility behaviour. One such pattern is the convoy pattern which can be used to find groups of people moving together in public transport or for prevention of traffic jams. A convoy consists of at least m objects moving together for at least k consecutive time instants where m and k are user-defined parameters. Existing algorithms for detecting convoy patterns, however, do not scale to real-life dataset sizes. Therefore in this paper, we propose a generic distributed convoy pattern mining algorithm and show how such an algorithm can be implemented using the MapReduce framework. Our experimental results show that our distributed algorithm is scalable and more efficient than the existing sequential convoy pattern mining algorithms.
A Review of the Alexithymia Concept

&NA; Alexithymia is a term meaning “no words for mood. ” It has been applied to patients who have marked difficulty in verbal expression of emotions and limited ability to use fantasy. These patients often have psychosomatic illnesses and tend to do poorly in traditional dynamic psychotherapy. The concept is discussed from an historical perspective and its current status in the understanding of psychosomatic illness is assessed. The alexithymia literature is critically reviewed with a focus on definition, measurement, etiological speculations, and the relevance of alexithymia to the psychotherapeutic process. The alexithymic concept has much to offer heuristically, but most of the literature to date has been anecdotal and theoretical, with few research investigations. Suggestions are made for future research that could serve to validate the concept and provide answers to questions regarding symptom formation and psychological problems.
A Tempo Analysis System for Automatic Music Accompaniment

This paper proposes a music accompaniment system capable of catching the tempo of music. The original signal is first reduced to a detection function revealing the pulses of music. To induce the tempo and locate beats, a Fourier analysis-based algorithm with high practicality and generality is designed that it is robust to beat strength and not restricted to specific music genres. The regularity and periodicity of music beats are extracted and even the missing beats are recovered. The performance is validated using a comprehensive testing data set, and results in both formal objective experiments and subjective listening evaluations show convincible performance. Moreover, an interactive interface is designed that users are allowed to select an instrument to accompany the music based on the obtained tempo.
Dynamic class-based queue management for scalable media servers

Real time media servers are becoming increasingly important due to the rapid transition of the Internet from text and graphics based applications to multimedia driven environments. In order to meet these ever increasing demands, real time media servers are responsible for supporting a large number of clients with a heterogeneous mix of quality of service (QoS) requirements. The authors propose a dynamic class based queue management scheme that effectively captures the tradeoff between scalability and QoS granularity in a media server. We examine the adaptiveness of the scheme and its integration with the existing schedulers. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme through extensive simulation studies.
Exploring Conflict Management Processes in Jury Deliberations Through Interaction Analysis

This study employs interaction analysis to explore micro-level conflict processes and macro-level phasic structures of conflict management in two jury deliberations. Results indicate that the deliberations have fundamentally different conflict management processes. Differences in the tasks posed by the two deliberations and in the norms enacted in them, as well as microinteractional patterns, are posited to account for the divergent interaction processes.