Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliable trajectory classification using Wi-Fi signal strength in indoor scenarios

The time-series nature of human movement inside buildings can be exploited for common tasks of location-based computing. With this paper, we propose to use Wi-Fi signal strength measurements directly to infer the trajectory in comparison with a database of trajectories removing the need for accurate map information or fingerprint databases. A trajectory consists of a time-series of sensor readings of all Wi-Fi signals in reach measured by a mobile device. Starting from these measurements, we discuss several possibilities of denoising, filtering and classification of trajectories to improve our approch. By using a variant of the Douglas-Peucker algorithm we reduce the amount of computation without severe degradation of classification performance. Furthermore, we increase platform scalability by using a fast filter operation based on the Jaccard index of presence of access points to prune irrelevant trajectories early. With respect to our setting, the Fréchet-distance between trajectories has proven to be a very good choice outperforming dynamic time warping. Finally, we intorduce several data-driven trajectory segmentation schemes in order to be able to match partial trajectories early. The evaluation is based on the collection of trajectories in specific situations including staircases, hallways and movement inside a single room. With this approach, we are able to reliably classify trajectories without an intermediate step of calculating spatial position. This results in increased stability with respect to local changes in the environment, as these changes only affect a small part of a longer trajectory.
Optimal design of axial flux switched reluctance motor for electric vehicle application

Design of wheel motors must conform to the diameter restriction due to cage of a wheel rim and allow the achievement of high torque density. In addition, these motors should be rugged and insensitive to vibration. Therefore, an axial flux switched motor (AFSRM) machine with double stator and one rotor structure is investigated. In general, AFSRM have simple construction; however, one of the major problems is torque ripple which will cause speed fluctuation and acoustic noise. View of this, the skewed stator segments by a specific degree respectively to the rotor with asymmetric inductance property is applied to reduce the torque drop in the phase commutation area. The proposed method is analyzed by magnetic equivalent circuit approach (MECA) and finite element analysis (FEA) method. Through the parameter study, torque ripple reduction in proposed machine is significant in comparison with the one of conventional non-skewed stator machine.
Novel search algorithms for closed-loop transmit diversity system with limited number of feedback bits

We propose two simple closed-loop transmit diversity schemes, with a fixed number of feedback bits being allocated for each transmit antenna. Under a low mobility condition and with perfect channel knowledge at the receiver, we show that our proposed schemes can achieve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values close to the optimal solution, but with greatly reduced complexity. We also show that our methods outperform other suboptimal schemes, such as the cophasing method.
d15-Enhanced shear-extensional aluminum nitride resonators with k2t > 4.4% for wide-band filters

This paper presents a novel aluminum nitride (AlN) resonator technology that fuses transverse (d<inf>31</inf>) and shear (d<inf>15</inf>) piezoelectric constants to realize a large electromechanical coupling factor (k<sup>2</sup><inf>t</inf>), while having a frequency defined by the lateral dimensions. An antisymmetric Lamb wave with co-existing in-plane extensional and thickness-shear elastic energy distribution is used to simultaneously exploit transverse and shear electromechanical coupling of AlN film. Specifically, the shear transduction (k<sup>2</sup><inf>t,15</inf>) benefits from the large d<inf>15</inf> constant (due to the columnar single crystallinity of the film) as well as low in-plane (ε<inf>11</inf>) relative permittivity (due to the in-plane poly crystallinity) of the AlN film, and hence significantly improves the overall k<sup>2</sup><inf>t</inf>. A proof of concept device at 733MHz is demonstrated based on this technology, showing a Q of ∼1,400 with a k<sup>2</sup><inf>t</inf> of ∼4.4%. A ladder filter is also demonstrated, through electrical coupling of the d<inf>15</inf>-enhanced resonators, with a −3dB-bandwidth of 18MHz, at 745MHz.
Parallelization of the Rational Arnoldi Algorithm

Rational Krylov methods are applicable to a wide range of scientific computing problems, and the rational Arnoldi algorithm is a commonly used procedure for computing an orthonormal basis of a rational Krylov space. Typically, the computationally most expensive component of this algorithm is the solution of a large linear system of equations at each iteration. We explore the option of solving several linear systems simultaneously, thus constructing the rational Krylov basis in parallel. If this is not done carefully, the basis being orthogonalized may become badly conditioned, leading to numerical instabilities in the orthogonalization process. We introduce the new concept of continuation pairs which gives rise to a near-optimal parallelization strategy that allows to control the growth of the condition number of this nonorthogonal basis. As a consequence we obtain a significantly more accurate and reliable parallel rational Arnoldi algorithm. The computational benefits are illustrated using several numerical examples from different application areas.
Quantitative cervical elastography in pregnancy

The introduction of cervical elastography in obstetrics provides a very interesting perspective for an improved explanation of the dynamics of cervical ripening and parturition1. Recently, Molina et al.2 reported in this Journal a reliability study evaluating quantitative elastography of the cervix during pregnancy. However, apart from their inconclusive results, significant methodological limitations affect the value of the study presented. First, it is known that the lack of standardization of the force applied is the major weakness of elastographic tools based on the measurement of strain occurring during manual compression of tissue. Indeed, in mechanics and physics, strain depends on both the tissue’s properties of elasticity (described by Young’s modulus of elasticity) and the force applied. Molina et al. state that they advance the probe into the cervical tissue by about 1 cm. Unfortunately, it is obvious that the arbitrary guideline of compressing the tissue by 1 cm is not associated in any predictable way with the actual force applied. In any case, the authors do not explain how they measured the advance of the probe by about 1 cm into the cervical tissue. Also the dimensions and location of the region of interest (ROI) play a central role in the strain values obtained, independent from the force applied. Intuitively, an ROI closer to the compressing vaginal probe will be subject to a larger compression force than will an ROI located more distantly. Similarly, the strain measured for an ROI placed lateral to the axis of compression will be slightly lower, due to a loss of force related to the shear strain component3. In our recently published reliability study, we demonstrated that, even if it is not measurable, the force can be standardized by choosing to compress maximally the anterior cervical lip perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the cervix until the posterior cervical lip is displaced. Moreover, for standardization of the procedure, the ROI dimensions should be related to the cervical thickness and the ROI should be located in the path of the applied pressure (see Figures 1 and 2 of Fruscalzo et al.4). Finally, in Molina et al.’s study it is unclear if, for evaluation of reliability, the measures conducted by the two operators were obtained on the basis of the same or separately acquired raw datasets. Indeed, as the processes of raw dataset acquisition and strain calculation are separate, both have influence on strain measurement. In our experience, the process of raw data acquisition seems to be of critical importance, as the process of strain calculation for the same raw dataset appears to be very stable. Thus, an intraand interobserver evaluation should be carried out not only for the process of strain calculation, but also for the process of raw data acquisition or, at least, for their combination.
System-level performance of downlink NOMA combined with SU-MIMO for future LTE enhancements

This paper investigates the system-level performance of downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) combined with single user MIMO (SU-MIMO) for future LTE (Long-Term Evolution) enhancements. The goal is to clarify the performance gains of NOMA combined with SU-MIMO transmission, taking into account the LTE radio interface such as frequency-domain scheduling, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), and NOMA specific functionalities such as multi-user pairing/ordering and transmit power allocation. In particular, we propose practical schemes to efficiently combine NOMA with open-loop SU-MIMO (Transmission Mode 3: TM3) and closed-loop SU-MIMO (Transmission Mode 4: TM4) specified in LTE. Based on computer simulations, we compare NOMA performance gains for different granularities of scheduling and MCS (modulation and coding scheme) selection, for both genie-aided channel quality information (CQI) estimation and approximated CQI estimation, and using different number of power sets. Evaluation results show that NOMA can still provide a hefty portion of its expected gains even with approximated CQI estimation and limited number of power sets, and also when LTE compliant subband scheduling and wideband MCS are applied.
Protein synthesis inhibitors reveal differential regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and stress-activated protein kinase pathways that converge on Elk-1

Inhibitors of protein synthesis, such as anisomycin and cycloheximide, lead to superinduction of immediate-early genes. We demonstrate that these two drugs activate intracellular signaling pathways involving both the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) cascades. The activation of either pathway correlates with phosphorylation of the c-fos regulatory transcription factor Elk-1. In HeLa cells, anisomycin stabilizes c-fos mRNA when protein synthesis is inhibited to only 50%. Under these conditions, anisomycin, in contrast to cycloheximide, rapidly induces kinase activation and efficient Elk-1 phosphorylation. However, full inhibition of translation by either drug leads to prolonged activation of SAPK activity, while MAPK induction is transient. This correlates with prolonged Elk-1 phosphorylation and c-fos transcription. Elk-1 induction and c-fos activation are also observed in KB cells, in which anisomycin strongly induces SAPKs but not MAPKs. Purified p54 SAPK alpha efficiently phosphorylates the Elk-1 C-terminal domain in vitro and comigrates with anisomycin-activated kinases in in-gel kinase assays. Thus, Elk-1 provides a potential convergence point for the MAPK and SAPK signaling pathways. The activation of signal cascades and control of transcription factor function therefore represent prominent processes in immediate-early gene superinduction.
Individuals Receiving Specialized Treatment for Drug and Alcohol Dependence and Gambling Disorder in Israel—Characteristics and Implications for Prevalence Estimates

Background Substance dependence is one of the main factors contributing to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Gambling disorder has recently been included as an addictive disorder in DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition) and is associated with substantial psychiatric comorbidity and respective disability. Nevertheless, the vast majority of those suffering from these disorders do not receive treatment. In Israel, prevalence of substance dependence has traditionally been estimated to be lower than those in high-income countries, though prevalence estimates from the recent decade are lacking. Moreover, characteristics of individuals seeking treatment for substance dependence and gambling disorder have not been published. Methods In this study, the authors analyzed data from the Israel National Addiction Registry, a computerized database that includes sociodemographic characteristics of all individuals treated in specialized public facilities for substance dependence and gambling disorders in the years 2003–2012. Results The prevalence of treatment utilization for drug and alcohol dependence and gambling disorders were 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.01%, respectively. These rates generally remained stable throughout the last decade. Individuals seeking treatment for alcohol dependence were in the lower socioeconomic status (SES) cluster, whereas those seeking treatment for drug dependence were in the midrange SES clusters, findings that are generally in concurrence with characteristics of treatment seekers in high-income countries. Conclusions Prevalence estimates based on reports indicating that approximately 10% of individuals with substance dependence seek treatment suggest rates of alcohol dependence in Israel that are substantially higher those previously published, though still lower than most high-income countries. Nationwide epidemiologic studies exploring current rates of substance dependence and gambling disorder in Israel are urgently needed, and treatment options should be planned and funded accordingly. Potential reasons for these apparent low rates of treatment utilization for these disorders in Israel should be explored in order to improve services provided for this population.
Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption with Hidden Access Policy and Testing

In ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) scheme, a user’s secret key is associated with a set of attributes, and the ciphertext is associated with an access policy. The user can decrypt the ciphertext if and only if the attribute set of his secret key satisfies the access policy specified in the ciphertext. In the present schemes, access policy is sent to the decryptor along with the ciphertext, which means that the privacy of the encryptor is revealed. In order to solve such problem, we propose a CP-ABE scheme with hidden access policy, which is able to preserve the privacy of the encryptor and decryptor. And what’s more in the present schemes, the users need to do excessive calculation for decryption to check whether their attributes match the access policy specified in the ciphertext or not, which makes the users do useless computation if the attributes don’t match the hidden access policy. In order to solve efficiency issue, our scheme adds a testing phase to avoid the unnecessary operation above before decryption. The computation cost for the testing phase is much less than the decryption computation so that the efficiency in our scheme is improved. Meanwhile, our new scheme is proved to be selectively secure against chosen-plaintext attack under DDH assumption.
Differential expression of the Arabidopsis genes coding for Em-like proteins.

Late embryogenesis abundant (lea) genes are a large and diverse group of genes highly expressed during late stages of seed development. Five major groups of LEA proteins have been described. Two Em genes (group I lea genes) are present in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana L. , AtEm1 and AtEm6. Both genes encode for very similar proteins which differ basically in the number of repetitions of a highly hydrophilic amino acid motif. The spatial patterns of expression of the two Arabidopsis Em genes have been studied using in situ hybridization and transgenic plants transformed with the promoters of the genes fused to the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene (uidA). In the embryo, AtEm1 is preferentially expressed in the pro-vascular tissues and in meristems. In contrast, AtEm6 is expressed throughout the embryo. The activity of both promoters disappears rapidly after germination, but is ABA-inducible in roots of young seedlings, although in different cells: the AtEm1 promoter is active in the internal tissues (vasculature and pericycle) whereas the AtEm6 promoter is active in the external tissues (cortex, epidermis and root hairs). The AtEm1 promoter, but not AtEm6, is also active in mature pollen grains and collapsed nectaries of young siliques. These data indicate that the two Em proteins could carry out at least slightly different functions and that the expression of AtEm1 and AtEm6 is controlled at, at least, three different levels: temporal, spatial and hormonal (ABA).
Investigation of DC discharge behavior of polluted porcelain post insulator in artificial rain

The surface discharge of natural polluted post insulators in rain is an important factor which affects the external insulation of HVDC converter stations. With the artificial contamination flashover tests in rain for porcelain post insulators, this paper has obtained the flashover process and discharge characteristics of the test samples under artificial rain condition. It has been observed that the discharge of water droplet on the shed edge plays a very important role in the whole process of pollution flashover in rain. When a water droplet hangs on the shed edge, the maximum electric field strength appears in the vicinity of vertices, rather than the lateral area of the water droplet. Thus, the streamer propagates only in the direction of the air gap between sheds. Moreover, the influence of raining conditions including intensity and conductivity on the flashover voltage has been investigated. Test phenomena also indicate that due to the different damp and dry band conditions, surface discharge characteristics of post insulator in rain are different with that in fog, which lead to different flashover voltages. This study provides a new understanding for the HVDC insulator pollution flashover in wet environment.
Le Machine Learning confronté aux contraintes opérationnelles des systèmes de détection

Les systemes de detection d’intrusion, reposant traditionnellement sur des signatures, n’ont pas echappe a l’attrait recent des techniques de Machine Learning. Si les resultats presentes dans les articles de recherche academique sont souvent excellents, les experts en securite ont cependant encore de nombreuses reticences concernant l’utilisation du Machine Learning dans les systemes de detection d’intrusion. Ils redoutent generalement une inadequation de ces techniques aux contraintes operationnelles, notamment a cause d’un niveau d’expertise requis important, ou d’un grand nombre de faux positifs. Dans cet article, nous montrons que le Machine Learning peut etre compatible avec les contraintes operationnelles des systemes de detection. Nous expliquons comment construire un modele de detection et presentons de bonnes pratiques pour le valider avant sa mise en production. La methodologie est illustree par un cas d’etude sur la detection de fichiers PDF malveillants et nous proposons un outil libre, SecuML, pour la mettre en oeuvre.
Quantifying arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions with MR

Magnetic susceptibility, as a physical property of materials, plays important roles in many physical, chemical, engineering, and medical applications. Its quantification becomes of significant interest when MRI becomes a commonly used technique in biomedical applications. A general method is presented here for quantifying arbitrary magnetic susceptibility distributions in a localized region on the basis of first principles of magnetic induction field distributions in space. A proof of the concept was demonstrated by computer simulations. The study establishes the methodological basis for quantitative magnetic susceptibility imaging with MR. Magn Reson Med 51:1077–1082, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Engineering homooligomeric proteins to detect weak intersite allosteric communication: Aminotransferases, a case study

The existence of low levels of intersubunit communication in homooligomeric enzymes is often difficult to discover, as the identical active sites cannot be probed individually to dissect their interdependent contributions. The homodimeric paralogs, E. coli aspartate‐ (AATase) and tyrosine aminotransferase (TATase), have not been demonstrated to show allostery. To address this question, we engineered a hybrid aminotransferase containing two distinct catalytic pockets: an AATase and a TATase site. The TATase/AATase hybrid was constructed by grafting an engineered TATase active site into one of the catalytic pockets of E. coli AATase. Each active site conserves its specific catalytic and inhibitor binding properties, and the hybrid catalyzes simultaneously each aminotransferase reaction at the respective site. Importantly, association of a selective inhibitor into one of the catalytic pockets decreases the activity of the second active site by up to 25%, thus proving unequivocally the existence of allosteric communication between active sites. The procedure may be applicable to other homologous sets of enzymes.
Monoclonal antibodies against murine gamma interferon.

Monoclonal antibodies against murine immune interferon (IFN-gamma) were produced by fusing the murine nonsecreting myeloma cell line P3.X63. Ag8.653 with spleen cells from rats immunized with IFN-gamma-containing supernatants obtained by stimulating a T-cell lymphoma, L12-R4, with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Supernatants from a twice-cloned hybridoma (AN-18.17.24) were found to neutralize and to adsorb in depletion experiments up to 27 units of mouse IFN-gamma but not equivalent amounts of mouse leukocyte or fibroblast IFNs. The AN-18.17. 24 monoclonal antibody neutralized to the same extent mouse IFN-gamma from different sources--namely, (i) concanavalin A-stimulated spleen cells, (ii) alloantigen-stimulated spleen cells, and (iii) monkey fibroblasts transfected with the cloned gene of murine IFN-gamma. Moreover, the monoclonal antibody displayed species specificity, since it did not neutralize IFN-gamma of human origin. Binding inhibition experiments with murine IFN-gamma preparations exposed to enzymatic or physicochemical degradation demonstrated that the protein moiety and not the carbohydrate residues were responsible for the binding to the AN-18.17. 24 monoclonal antibody. Finally, this monoclonal antibody immunoprecipitated two molecular species of IFN-gamma of about 16.8 and 17.8 kilodaltons, respectively, from [35S]methionine- or [3H]glucosamine-labeled supernatants of stimulated L12-R4 cells.
Neural networks trained by a genetic algorithm for visual field diagnosis

A population of feed-forward multi-layer neural networks has been trained by a genetic algorithm in order to produce a neural network able to diagnose visual feld defects from digital images obtained with an automatic visual feld analyzer. The algorithm has been implemented on a system based on a network of five transputers. The results obtained by two different experiments are discussed.
Private Membership Test for Bloom Filters

We study the problem of running a set membership test in private manner. We require that a client wants to have the option of not revealing the item for which the membership test is done. Respectively, the server does not wants to reveal the contents of the whole set. A Bloom filter is applied in the membership test. We present two protocols based on prior work as well as a new protocol. Each of these is having a slightly different privacy and complexity properties. We motivate the problem in the context of an anti-malware client checking application fingerprints against a cloud-based malware signature database.