Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Post-operative urothelial recurrence in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma managed by radical nephroureterectomy with an ipsilateral bladder cuff: Minimal prognostic impact in comparison with non-urothelial recurrence and other clinical indicators

Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease, and novel prognostic factors for patients who have undergone a radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC have been studied intensely. To the best of our knowledge, the prognostic value of urothelial recurrence in patients with UTUC has not been previously described in studies. The present study compared the prognostic value of urothelial and non-urothelial recurrence in patients with UTUC of the kidney and ureter managed by surgery. The inclusion criteria consisted of a diagnosis of non-metastatic UTUC (any T stage, N0–1 and M0) and receipt of an RNU with an ipsilateral bladder cuff as the primary treatment. Of the 153 patients that were screened for the study, comprehensive clinical and pathological data was available for 103 patients, who were consequently included in the analysis. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) times were estimated. A multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression model. The median follow-up period was 29 months (interquartile range, 14–63 months). The patient population was comprised of 71 males (68.9%) and 32 females (31.1%). A total of 32 patients (31.1%) showed non-urothelial recurrence, while 38 patients (36.9%) exhibited urothelial recurrence and 33 patients (32.0%) exhibited no recurrence. When comparing the risk parameters between the non-urothelial recurrence categories, the factors of pathological grade, microvascular invasion, lymphatic invasion and pT classification showed significant differences. However, there were no significant differences between the urothelial recurrence categories. No significant difference was observed between the OS and CSS times within the urothelial recurrence categories (P=0.3955 and P=0.05891, respectively), but significant differences were identified in the non-urothelial recurrence categories (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively). Among the other relevant descriptive pre-operative characteristics in the multivariate analysis, only non-urothelial recurrence remained associated with a worse CSS [P=0.002; hazard ratio (HR) 9.512]. The results show that urothelial recurrence has a minimal prognostic value in patients with UTUC managed by RNU with an ipsilateral bladder cuff.
Regular triangulations and Steiner points

Gel fand, Zelevinski˘ ı, and Kapranov showed that the regular triangu-lations of a " primary " convex polytope can be viewed as the vertices of another convex polytope, which is said to be secondary. Billera, Filliman, and Sturmfels gave a geometric construction of the secondary polytope, based upon Gale transforms. We apply this construction to describing regular triangulations of nonconvex polytopes. We also discuss the problem of triangulating nonconvex polytopes with Steiner points. Gel fand, Zelevinski˘ ı, and Kapranov [1] showed that the regular (or coherent) triangu-lations of a point configuration A = {a 1 ,. , a n } ⊂ R d can be viewed as the vertices of a certain polytope Σ(A) ⊂ R n , which is called the secondary polytope. Billera, Filliman, and Sturmfels [2] gave a geometric construction of Σ(A) based upon Gale transforms (see §2 for a brief survey of the basic notions and results). In §3, we apply this construction to solving the following problem. A collection S of simplexes with vertices in A is said to be regular if there exists a regular triangulation T of A such that each element σ ∈ S is a k-face of a d-dimensional simplex τ ∈ T. For a given collection S, it is required either to find its regular triangulation T , or to prove that S is nonregular. In Theorem 1, we give a polynomial time algorithm for solving this problem, which immediately implies an algorithm for finding regular triangulations of nonconvex polytopes. Indeed, by a regular triangulation of a nonconvex simplicial polytope P ⊂ R d we mean a regular triangulation T corresponding to the configuration A of its vertices and the collection S of its faces. In this case our algorithm (announced in [3]) verifies the regular triangulability of P without new points (henceforth, Steiner points). We emphasize that, without the condition of regularity, such a verification becomes an NP-complete problem [4]. In §4, we study nonregular configurations of edges (1-dimensional simplexes) in R d. Such a configuration may arise, for example, as the 1-skeleton of a nonconvex polytope P ⊂ R d. A simple argument shows that the polytope P has no regular triangulations if its 1-skeleton is not regular. In this situation, it is necessary to subdivide some edges of P by Steiner points. Our strategy for finding a regular subdivision is based on the following almost obvious …
EVALUATION OF FEATURES SELECTION METHODS FOR BREAST CANCER CLASSIFICATION

In this work are evaluated features selection methods for breast cancer classification in segmented mammographic lesions using two categories of extracted features (numeric and nominal). Numeric included statistical, shape and texture lesion descriptors, and nominal are related with patient’s associated metadata descriptors (clinical history). Datasets of features vectors were created using six different approaches: Correlate-based Feature Selector (CBF) in association with three heuristic search strategies (Best First (BF), Greedy Stepwise (GS) and Genetic Search Algorithm (GSA)), Chi Square Discretization, One Rule and RELIEF methods. Selected datasets were classified using Feed Forward Backpropagation Neural Network (FFBP), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree J48 (DTJ48) based Machine Learning classifiers (MLC) models for a comparative performance evaluation. The tests performed allowed to identify better approaches/combinations of features subsets and classifiers for breast cancer classification methods.
PRIORITY BASED SCHEDULING ALGORITHM USING TIME AND TRANSMISSION LENGTH IN 802 . 11 NETWORKS

The fairness of IEEE 802.11 wireless networks is rigid to forecast and organize since it constructed based on uncertainty and difficulty of the MAC conflicts and dynamics. So, there is a great extent of packet data to be met in a network traffic jam and the packet data was collapsed since the nodes in the network are random. Multiple-path source routing permits data source node to dispense the entire traffic between the probable offered paths. But, in this case jamming possessions were not measured. The previous work has presented the jamming characteristics in 802.11 networks using reed Solomon code which encode and decode the packet data in the source and destination to avoid the packet data to get lost. But the jamming problem is not much considered. To improve the controllability of jamming characteristics, this paper presents a priority based scheduling algorithm using time and transmission length (PSATT) based on priority of nodes given which has minimal time and transmission length. A scheduling of the packet data to be processed is done based on priority of nodes which has minimal length and transmission length in the network environment. To reduce the network jam in 802.11 networks, a central scheduler is desired to choose how to assign the stations‟ requests into numerous concurrent channels. As the scheduling time is restricted, we extend a Lagrangian relaxation based scheduling algorithm for network traffic jam problem. An experimental evaluation is done with the set of nodes in the network and shows that the proposed PSATT is better in performance in terms of scheduling time consumption, traffic allocation, average delay compared to an existing managing jamming characteristics of 802.11 networks using reed solomon codes.
Holographic QCD with isospin chemical potential

We consider configurations of D4? D8? 8 branes which correspond to large N QCD with non-vanishing temperature and chemical potential for baryon number and isospin. We study the holographic dual of this model and find a rich phase structure. The phases, distinguished by the values of quark condensates, are separated by the surfaces of first order phase transitions. The picture is in many respects similar to the expected phase structure of QCD in the chiral limit.
Optimization of Clifford Circuits

We study optimal synthesis of Clifford circuits, and apply the results to peep-hole optimization of quantum circuits. We report optimal circuits for all Clifford operations with up to four inputs. We perform peep-hole optimization of Clifford circuits with up to 40 inputs found in the literature, and demonstrate the reduction in the number of gates by about 50%. We extend our methods to the optimal synthesis of linear reversible circuits, partially specified Clifford functions, and optimal Clifford circuits with five inputs up to input/output permutation. The results find their application in randomized benchmarking protocols, quantum error correction, and quantum circuit optimization.
Combination of Weber, oriented gradient, fourier and color features for 3D textured matching

3D object retrieval is one popular research domain in last years. One of challenges is how to determine similarity between 3D objects. Some methods are already proposed and some of them are based on image processing. Inspired by promising recent results from image processing and the reality that no single descriptor is powerfull and combination of different descriptors usually generate improved performance over any single methods then in this paper we implement combination of Weber, Oriented Gradient, and fourier transform to extract global 2D image descriptor. To get appropriate result, 3D pose normalization is processed for getting normal pose. 2D Image is obtained by projecting 3D object from normal view point. Since 3D object came with color and texture, color histrogram is choosen as color descriptor. Finally, all descriptors are merged by linear combination. Experiment result shows that this combination provides competitive performance and able to be 3D object descriptors.
Investigation of temporal relationship between cardiovascular variables for cuffless blood pressure estimation

Nowadays, non-invasive blood pressure (BP) is commonly measured by cuff-based devices, which cause discomfort during measurement and can only provide snapshots of BP. In order to measure beat-to-beat BP continuously and cufflessly, models based on pulse arrival time (PAT) and RR interval (RRI), which can both be conveniently acquired by wearable devices, have been previously proposed. Nevertheless, the existing models often estimate BP based on PAT and RRI of the same beat and ignore the possible time shifts between these variables. In this paper, the cross correlation between RRI, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and PAT were studied on 25 young healthy subjects. In total, 1015 cross correlation coefficients, each from a 1-minute signal recording, were calculated for any two cardiovascular variables. The results of the study showed that on average, maximum correlation is found between RRI and DBP when RRI led by 1.3 seconds and between RRI and PAT or SBP when RRI led them by 2.5 seconds. Based on the results of this study, it is therefore concluded that future BP estimation models should take into account the time shifts between these cardiovascular variables when using RRI for the estimation of SBP and DBP as well as when using PAT for the estimation of DBP.
The Influences of Health Insurance and Access to Information on Prostate Cancer Screening among Men in Dominican Republic

Objectives. Although research demonstrates the public health burden of prostate cancer among men in the Caribbean, relatively little is known about the factors that underlie the low levels of testing for the disease among this population. Study Design. A cross-sectional study of prostate cancer testing behaviours among men aged 40–60 years in Dominican Republic using the Demographic and Health Survey (2013). Methods. We use hierarchical binary logit regression models and average treatment effects combined with propensity score matching to explore the determinants of prostate screening as well as the average effect of health insurance coverage on screening. The use of hierarchical binary logit regression enabled us to control for the effect of unobserved heterogeneity at the cluster level that may affect prostate cancer testing behaviours. Results. Screening varied significantly with health insurance coverage, knowledge of cholesterol level, education, and wealth. Insured men were more likely to test for prostate cancer (OR = 1.65, p = 0.01) compared to the uninsured. Conclusions. The expansion and restructuring of Dominican Republic universal health insurance scheme to ensure equity in access may improve health access that would potentially impact positively on prostate cancer screening among men.
Early Interaction of Yersinia pestis with APCs in the Lung1

Despite the importance of pneumonic plague, little is known of the early pulmonary immune responses that occur following inhalation of Yersinia pestis. Therefore, we conducted studies to identify the early target cells for uptake of Y. pestis in the lungs following intratracheal or i.v. inoculation. Following intratracheal inoculation, Y. pestis was rapidly internalized primarily by a distinctive population of CD11c+DEC-205+CD11b− cells in the airways, whereas i.v. inoculation resulted in uptake primarily by CD11b+CD11c− macrophages and granulocytes in lung tissues. The airway cells internalized and were infected by Y. pestis, but did not support active replication of the organism. Intratracheal inoculation of Y. pestis resulted in rapid activation of airway CD11c+ cells, followed within 24 h by the selective disappearance of these cells from the airways and lungs and the accumulation of apoptotic CD11c+ cells in draining lymph nodes. When CD11c+ cells in the airways were depleted using liposomal clodronate before infection, this resulted in a significantly increased replication of Y. pestis in the lungs and dissemination to the spleen and draining lymph nodes. These findings suggest that CD11c+ cells in the airways play an important role in suppressing the initial replication and dissemination of inhaled Y. pestis, although these results will also require confirmation using fully virulent strains of Y. pestis. Depletion of these airway cells by Y. pestis may therefore be one strategy the organism uses to overcome pulmonary defenses following inhalation of the organism.
A non-feature-based model for range identification

The correspondence problem refers to the problem of ascertaining which parts of one image correspond to which parts of another image. Correspondence problem usually needs to be solved by feature extraction and feature matching first, as a prerequisite for vision-based control and estimation. To avoid this bottleneck, assuming that an object is on a plane or has a planar surface, we present a model for non-feature-based object range estimation based on the theory of mutational analysis for shapes. The proposed model will not fail even when the object is partially out of the camera view.
Institutionalized Resistance To Asynchronous Learning Networks

Most of the literature on Asynchronous Learning Networks (ALNs) has focused on the pedagogical and technological advantages of this educational delivery mode and the way ALNs can respond to the changing demands and pressures placed on institutions of higher education. However, there are considerable obstacles preventing the widespread implementation of ALNs. These obstacles, and the associated forms of opposition and resistance, must be analyzed in an organizational context that examines the prevailing academic culture and the widely institutionalized value placed on classroom-bas ed teaching and learning. The recognition of the classroom as a sacred institution in higher education, and a major source of professorial identity, is a necessary first step toward developing strategies for organizational change and pedagogical transformation.
Pure stands of temperate forest tree species modify soil respiration and N turnover

The effects of five different tree species common in the temperate zone, i.e. beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.), pedunculate oak ( Quercus robur L.), Norway spruce ( Picea abies [L.] Karst), Japanese larch ( Larix leptolepis [Sichold and Zucc.] Gordon) and mountain pine ( Pinus mugo Turra), on soil respiration, gross N mineralization and gross nitrification rates were investigated. Soils were sampled in spring and summer 2002 at a forest trial in Western Jutland, Denmark, where pure stands of the five tree species of the same age were growing on the same soil. Soil respiration, gross rates of N mineralization and nitrification were significantly higher in the organic layers than in the A h horizons for all tree species and both sampling dates. In summer (July), the highest rates of soil respiration, gross N mineralization and gross nitrification were found in the organic layer under spruce, followed by beech > larch > oak > pine. In spring (April), these rates were also higher under spruce compared to the other tree species, but were significantly lower than in summer. For the A h horizons no clear seasonal trend was observed for any of the processes examined. A linear relationship between soil respiration and gross N mineralization ( r 2 =0.77), gross N mineralization and gross nitrification rates ( r 2 =0.72), and between soil respiration and gross nitrification ( r 2 =0.81) was found. The results obtained underline the importance of considering the effect of forest type on soil C and N transformations.
Austrian Economics and Organizational Entrepreneurship: A Typology

This article develops a typology for making sense of the numerous strands of Austrian (and Austrian-related) economics and demonstrates how this typology can guide organizational entrepreneurship scholars wishing to ground their research in Austrian thought. In the process, not only are existing insights from the history of Austrian economic thought rediscovered, but clearer light is also shed on important perspectives from that tradition that have received less attention in entrepreneurship research. Based on the Austrian concept of entrepreneurial production and its relationship with the core concepts of knowledge and change, the typology yields four perspectives—equilibration, punctuated equilibrium, disequilibration, and punctuated disequilibrium. These perspectives’ different paradigms as used in organizational research are explored, along with their ontological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions. The typology is illustrated with selected empirical examples from organizational research to spotlight the types of questions that contemporary scholars may appropriately ask and answer from each perspective.
Design of Transmission Manager in Heterogeneous WSNs

The current generation of sensor networks are designed to be application-specific, thus are exposed only to a limited set of users. The emerging concept of IoT is expected to house multiple applications with diverse delay requirements. A transmission manager provides an optimal transmission time for transmitting the buffered measurements. In the literature, solutions have been proposed optimizing mainly for single sensing infrastructures. In this work, we first propose an optimal transmission manager that supports multiple applications in a single-hop wireless sensor networks. Then, we extend our solution into a distributed transmission manager to operate in multi-hop WSNs. Both transmission managers work in tandem, and determine the transmission time for every buffered measurement. We implement both solutions in ns3 and compare with other state of the art solutions. Our case studies show that our proposed solution reduces energy consumption by 75 percent compared to the state of the art approaches while having on average 12 percent less expired measurements.
A Bidiagonalization-Regularization Procedure for Large Scale Discretizations of Ill-Posed Problems

In this paper, we consider ill-posed problems which discretize to linear least squares problems with matrices K of high dimensions. The algorithm proposed uses K only as an operator and does not need to explicitly store or modify it. A method related to one of Lanczos is used to project the problem onto a subspace for which K is bidiagonal. It is then an easy matter to solve the projected problem by standard regularization techniques. These ideas are illustrated with some integral equations of the first kind with convolution kernels, and sample numerical results are given.
Methanogens, Methane and Gastrointestinal Motility

Anaerobic fermentation of the undigested polysaccharide fraction of carbohydrates produces hydrogen in the intestine which is the substrate for methane production by intestinal methanogens. Hydrogen and methane are excreted in the flatus and in breath giving the opportunity to indirectly measure their production using breath testing. Although methane is detected in 30%-50% of the healthy adult population worldwide, its production has been epidemiologically and clinically associated with constipation related diseases, like constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation. While a causative relation is not proven yet, there is strong evidence from animal studies that methane delays intestinal transit, possibly acting as a neuromuscular transmitter. This evidence is further supported by the universal finding that methane production (measured by breath test) is associated with delayed transit time in clinical studies. There is also preliminary evidence that antibiotic reduction of methanogens (as evidenced by reduced methane production) predicts the clinical response in terms of symptomatic improvement in patients with constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome. However, we have not identified yet the mechanism of action of methane on intestinal motility, and since methane production does not account for all constipation associated cases, there is need for high quality clinical trials to examine methane as a biomarker for the diagnosis or as a biomarker that predicts antibiotic treatment response in patients with constipation related disorders.
The Purity/Sanctity Subscale of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire Does Not Work Similarly for Religious Versus Non-Religious Individuals

Moral foundations theory (Graham & Haidt, 2010) has been the dominant theory of morality within social psychology for the last decade, and the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ; Graham, Nosek, Haidt, Iyer, Koleva, & Ditto, 2011) is currently the only multi-item measure to study moral foundations theory. Although previous studies have suggested that the MFQ subscales are associated with religiosity, basic research has not yet established whether the measure is understood in the same way by believing and nonbelieving individuals. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine whether the MFQ (and specifically the purity/sanctity subscale) is understood in the same way by these 2 groups. We predicted that the purity/sanctity subscale would not demonstrate strong (i.e., scalar) invariance. Across 2 samples, we found support for configural and metric invariance and problems with scalar invariance. These results suggest that between-groups differences observed in previous studies may be due to measurement artifacts.