Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Participation In Higher Education: Aspirations, Attainment And Social Background

ABSTRACT The recent report of the Milburn Review into Social Mobility highlights the under-representation of young people from lower socio-economic groups in higher education and encourages universities and others to act to remedy this situation as a contribution to greater social mobility. The paper uses data from the Longitudinal Study of Young People in England to examine the relationship between social background, attainment and university participation. The results show that differences in school-level attainment associated with social background are by far the most important explanation for social background differences in university attendance. However, there remains a small proportion of the participation gap that is not accounted for by attainment. It is also the case that early intentions for higher education participation are highly predictive of actual participation. The results suggest that although there may be some scope for universities to act to improve participation by people from less advantaged backgrounds, a much more important focus of action is on improving the school-level achievement of these students.
Physiological and Transcriptional Changes of Three Citrus Rootstock Seedlings under Iron Deficiency

Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to improve iron acquisition from soils. Grafting on iron deficiency-tolerant rootstock is an effective strategy to prevent iron deficiency-chlorosis in fruit-tree crops. To determine the mechanisms underlying iron uptake in iron deficiency, two iron deficiency-tolerant citrus rootstocks, Zhique (ZQ) and Xiangcheng (XC), as well as iron deficiency-sensitive rootstock trifoliate orange (TO) seedlings were studied. Plants were grown in hydroponics system for 100 days, having 50 μM iron (control) and 0 μM iron (iron deficiency) nutrient solution. Under iron deficiency, more obvious visual symptoms of iron chlorosis were observed in the leaves of TO, whereas slight symptoms were observed in ZQ and XC. This was further supported by the lower chlorophyll concentration in the leaves of TO than in leaves of ZQ and XC. Ferrous iron showed no differences among the three citrus rootstock roots, whereas ferrous iron was significantly higher in leaves of ZQ and XC than TO. The specific iron absorption rate and leaf iron proportion were significantly higher in ZQ and XC than in TO, suggesting the iron deficiency tolerance can be explained by increased iron uptake in roots of ZQ and XC, allowed by subsequent translocation to shoots. In transcriptome analysis, 29, 298, and 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to iron deficiency were identified in ZQ, XC, and TO, respectively (Fold change ≥ 2 and Probability ≥ 0.8 were used as thresholds to identify DEGs). A Gene Ontology analysis suggested that several genotype-specific biological processes are involved in response to iron deficiency. Genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis, ethylene and abscisic acid signal transduction pathways were involved in iron deficiency responses in citrus rootstocks. The results of this study provide a basis for future analyses of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of different citrus rootstocks to iron deficiency.
Long-Term Illness as an Occupational-Career Interruption: Gender Differences in the Determinants and Outcomes in Sweden

Abstract This paper examines one particular type of occupational-career interruption; long-term illness. Event history analysis is used to uncover gender differences in the factors that influence illness work absenteeism and regression for the consequences of this type of interruption in Sweden, a country with a generous welfare state and high level of gender equality. Analysis of a panel survey (HUS) attests to gender differences in both the determinants and the effects of illness interruptions. For example, having a child in the household and the absence of a spouse or cohabiting partner significantly raise men's likelihood of experiencing an illness interruption, but is non-significant for women. With regards to the consequences of an illness interruption, women suffer significant losses in wages, while men experience no significant effect. For women, working full-time and working in a blue-collar job influence wages at a significant level. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of s.
Monitoring Genetically Modified Rice Using Multiplex PCR Coupled with Universal DNA Microarray

We developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) coupled with ligation detection reaction and universal array system for screening genetically modified rice and further identifying specific transgenes in rice. Three common elements in transgenic rice (CaMV 35S promoter, FMV 35S promoter and nos terminator) with species and internal controls (rice actin, 18S rRNA) were used for screening transgenic rice from un-transgenic rice. Seven event-specific elements (Cpt1, Bt, Irp, Bar, OsVTE1, Xa21 and RCH10) were used for identifying specific transgenes in rice. This method was demonstrated to be effective and high throughput for the detection of transgenic rice. It can be applied not only for detecting commercial transgenic rice, but also for monitoring unauthorized transgenic rice.
A Survey of Research on Lamentations (2002–2012)

The biblical book of Lamentations has received extensive scholarly attention in the past decade, research that moves beyond traditional historical-critical approaches. Although these traditional approaches have by no means been abandoned, new trends are nevertheless emerging. This article will survey the diverse field of research on Lamentations with particular focus given to feminist, psychological, theological, ecological, post-colonial and reception-historical approaches to Lamentations. The essay will, however, begin by presenting the rich work done on historical treatments of the book, as well as discussing the text and versions of Lamentations.
Impact of mechanical deformation on space charge in XLPE

In this paper we report the effect of mechanical deformation on space charge dynamics in crosslinked polyethylene. Thin films were peeled from a 66 kV commercial XLPE cable. Space charge measurements under dc electric fields have been monitored using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique. It has been found that charge dynamics in deformed XLPE are different from that from undeformed XLPE at lower voltages. At low applied electric field, space charge is dominated by heterocharge in the deformed XLPE while homocharge governs charge formation in undeformed XLPE. However, at high electric field, there is no significant difference between them. Space charge is dominated by homocharge in both deformed and undeformed XLPE. The results indicated that through deformation, molecular chains rearrange so small molecules such as crosslinking by-products, initially being trapped, can be released. Under the influence of the applied electric field they can be ionised to form heterocharge in the sample.
Characterization of Pitx2c expression in the mouse heart using a reporter transgene

To aid in detection and tracking of cells targeted by the left‐right (LR) pathway in the heart throughout morphogenesis, expression from a Pitx2c‐lacZ transgene (P2Ztg) was analysed in detail. β‐galactosidase expression from P2Ztg was robust, allowing reliable visualisation of low‐level Pitx2c expression, and was virtually entirely dependent upon NODAL signalling in the heart. P2Ztg showed expression in trabecular and septal, as well as non‐trabecular, myocardium, and a strong expression bias in myocardium associated with individual endocardial cushions of the atrioventricular canal and outflow tract, which are essential for cardiac septation. Expression on the ventral surface of the outflow tract evolved to a specific stripe that could be used to track the future aorta during outflow tract spiralling and remodelling. Our data show that the P2Ztg transgene is a useful resource for detection of molecular disturbances in the LR cascade, as well as morphogenetic defects associated with other cardiac congenital disorders. Developmental Dynamics, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A professional development climate course for sustainable agriculture in Australia

There are few professional development courses in Australia for the rural sector concerned with climate variability, climate change and sustainable agriculture. The lack of educators with a sound technical background in climate science and its applications in agriculture prevents the delivery of courses either stand‐alone or embedded in other courses, and adversely affects the ability of graduating students to apply climate information. This paper presents evidence from a professional development climate course with 20 professional educators and consultants and results from: surveys at the training workshop; from a questionnaire 12 months post‐workshop; and a combined interview and survey two years post‐workshop. The key finding was that professional development courses specifically addressing climate are essential, while topics should include climate and weather, the impacts of climate on agricultural systems, strategic thinking and planning options available for business. A project undertaken by professionals delivering climate education helped to improve their skills and confidence to deliver other stand‐alone climate courses or to embed climate in existing courses. The paper proposes that a suitable resource manual should be ‘problem‐based’ in its design to allow for a broad range of geographic climates, and should address a wide range of agricultural enterprises including livestock production, horticulture and cropping. The authors also propose ways to introduce and integrate applied climate knowledge and skills into the wider community. Possible progress for inter‐disciplinary education and the implications from enhancing learning about climate for sustainable agriculture are discussed.
Relationship between the Self-Administered Boston Questionnaire and Electrophysiological Findings in Follow-Up of Surgically-Treated Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A prospective study of electrophysiological examination and the Boston self-administered questionnaire (BQ) was carried out in patients with surgically-treated carpal tunnel syndrome. There were 104 hands in 93 patients (13 men and 80 women, mean age 56 years). The BQ was used to assess the severity of symptoms and function, and nerve conduction studies were done before surgical release by short incision at the palm, and at follow-ups 1 and 6 months after surgery. The BQ severity score improved or became normal in 98% of hands. The mean BQ scores and distal sensory and motor conduction velocities in the median nerve showed significant improvement at the 1 month follow-up. Further significant improvement was found at 6 months. There was no relationship between the improvements in BQ scores and the distal conduction in the median nerve. The degree of improvement in sensory and motor distal conduction velocities could be forecast from presurgical values, whereas the degree of improvement in the symptoms and the functional status after release could not be predicted from the presurgical BQ scores.
Biodistribution, Uptake and Effects Caused by Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication. They are released in the extracellular space by a variety of normal and cancerous cell types and have been found in all human body fluids. Cancer-derived EVs have been shown to carry lipids, proteins, mRNAs, non-coding and structural RNAs and even extra-chromosomal DNA, which can be taken up by recipient cells and trigger diverse physiological and pathological responses. An increasing body of evidence suggests that cancer-derived EVs mediate paracrine signalling between cancer cells. This leads to the increased invasiveness, proliferation rate and chemoresistance, as well as the acquisition of the cancer stem cell phenotype. This stimulates angiogenesis and the reprogramming of normal stromal cells into cancer-promoting cell types. Furthermore, cancer-derived EVs contribute to the formation of the pre-metastatic niche and modulation of anti-tumour immune response. However, as most of these data are obtained by in vitro studies, it is not entirely clear which of these effects are recapitulated in vivo. In the current review, we summarize studies that assess the tissue distribution, trafficking, clearance and uptake of cancer-derived EVs in vivo and discuss the impact they have, both locally and systemically.
Understanding consumer receptivity towards foods and non-prescription pills containing phytosterols as a means to offset the risk of cardiovascular disease: an application of protection motivation theory.

Consumer purchase intention with respect to foods and non-prescription pills containing phytosterols was investigated through a mall intercept survey (n = 446) in Ontario, Canada. The study took as its starting point the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), a social cognition model rooted in research on fear appeal in determining health-protective behaviour. Structural equation modelling was used to explore whether an adaptation of PMT explains intention to purchase products containing phytosterols as a means to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The standard form of PMT was adapted to take account of consumer perceptions of the risk of elevated blood cholesterol, reflecting the fact that phytosterols do not directly reduce the risk of CVD but rather help in the management of a single risk factor. Overall, coping appraisal had a positive and significant association with purchase intention, while threat appraisal had no significant effect. Incorporation of cholesterol as a risk factor for CVD significantly improved the measurement strength of the threat appraisal construct. However, the overall predictive power of the model did not change appreciably. The results suggest that the promotion of adaptive behaviours, such as consumption of functional foods and nutraceuticals, needs to focus on perception of response and self-efficacy rather than individual perceptions of risk.
Collegical Entrepreneurialism In Proactive Universities: Lessons From Europe

hould universities-particularly public universities in this country and elsewhere in the world-transform themselves and change the ways they operate? Based on my recent research in Europe, I wish to argue that indeed many universities ought to become much more proactive, even entrepreneurial. If they do not, they will put themselves at considerable risk during the first decades of the 21st century. In a nutshell, modern universities are developing a disturbing imbalance with their environments. They face an overload of de-
Dpp gradient formation by dynamin-dependent endocytosis: receptor trafficking and the diffusion model

Developing cells acquire positional information by reading the graded distribution of morphogens. In Drosophila, the Dpp morphogen forms a long-range concentration gradient by spreading from a restricted source in the developing wing. It has been assumed that Dpp spreads by extracellular diffusion. Under this assumption, the main role of endocytosis in gradient formation is to downregulate receptors at the cell surface. These surface receptors bind to the ligand and thereby interfere with its long-range movement. Recent experiments indicate that Dpp spreading is mediated by Dynamin-dependent endocytosis in the target tissue, suggesting that extracellular diffusion alone cannot account for Dpp dispersal. Here, we perform a theoretical study of a model for morphogen spreading based on extracellular diffusion, which takes into account receptor binding and trafficking. We compare profiles of ligand and surface receptors obtained in this model with experimental data. To this end, we monitored directly the pool of surface receptors and extracellular Dpp with specific antibodies. We conclude that current models considering pure extracellular diffusion cannot explain the observed role of endocytosis during Dpp long-range movement.
Education action zones: Mission impossible?

Education Action Zones (EAZs) were launched in the United Kingdom in 1998 as 'the standard bearers in a new crusade … to modernize education in areas of social deprivation, and hailed as a third way in education. ' In the light of the authors ' ongoing evaluation of a single EAZ, the article examines the extent to which the ambitious claims made by government have been realised. It assesses the extent to which EAZs can be viewed as part of the British twentieth-century theme in education of tackling inequality. It demonstrates that EAZ policy was riddled with tensions and paradoxes arising out of the eccentric mix of neo-liberal, social democratic and Third Way approaches to addressing educational inequality. The article concludes that EAZs suffered from three types of error: concept, process and outcomes, and hence were a mission impossible. The authors argue that EAZs may, hopefully, be a lesson in making the vision of resolving education inequality possible.
Using Aggressor Thread Information to Improve Shared Cache Management for CMPs

Shared cache allocation policies play an important role in determining CMP performance. The simplest policy, LRU, allocates cache implicitly as a consequence of its replacement decisions. But under high cache interference, LRU performs poorly because some memory-intensive threads, or aggressor threads, allocate cache that could be more gainfully used by other (less memory-intensive) threads. Techniques like cache partitioning can address this problem by performing explicit allocation to prevent aggressor threads from taking over the cache. Whether implicit or explicit, the key factor controlling cache allocation is victim thread selection. The choice of victim thread relative to the cache-missing thread determines each cache miss’s impact on cache allocation: if the two are the same, allocation doesn’t change, but if the two are different, then one cache block shifts from the victim thread to the cache-missing thread. In this paper, we study an omniscient policy, called ORACLE-VT, that uses off-line information to always select the best victim thread, and hence, maintain the best per-thread cache allocation at all times.We analyze ORACLE-VT, and find it victimizes aggressor threads about 80% of the time. To see if we can approximate ORACLE-VT, we develop AGGRESSORVT, a policy that probabilistically victimizes aggressor threads with strong bias. Our results show AGGRESSOR-VT comes close to ORACLE-VT’s miss rate, achieving three-quarters of its gain over LRU and roughly half of its gain over an ideal cache partitioning technique. To make AGGRESSOR-VT feasible for real systems, we develop a sampling algorithm that “learns” the identity of aggressor threads via runtime performance feedback. We also modify AGGRESSOR-VT to permit adjusting the probability for victimizing aggressor threads, and use our sampling algorithm to learn the per-thread victimization probabilities that optimize system performance (e.g., weighted IPC). We call this policy AGGRESSORpr-VT. Our results show AGGRESSORpr-VT outperforms LRU, UCP [1], and an ideal cache way partitioning technique by 4.86%, 3.15%, and 1.09%, respectively.
The role of individual differences in a study abroad experience: the case of Erasmus students

This study examines the extent to which a study abroad (SA) experience has an effect on the L2 written and oral performance of a group of Spanish undergraduates, studying English as a second language (L2) in a university in the UK. This article also examines the role that individual differences, such as the participants' motivation, attitudes, perception of progress, L2 contact and academic factors, have with regards to their written and oral performance. Written and oral data were collected from 24 participants by means of a composition and an oral narrative before and after their overseas experience, whereas data on individual differences were gathered through a questionnaire. The results of the statistical analyses suggest that SA is positive for L2 development, particularly for oral skills. Results also indicate that some individual differences related to the participants' attitudes, university degrees, self-perception of their L2 proficiency and L2 contact play a role when learning an L2 abroad.
Stabilization of the Tau Exon 10 Stem Loop Alters Pre-mRNA Splicing*

Neurofibrillary tangles containing filaments of the microtubule-associated protein tau are found in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations in the tau gene itself cause frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, demonstrating the critical role of tau in pathogenesis. Many of these mutations in tau are silent, are found at the 5′-splice site of exon 10, and lead to increased inclusion of exon 10. These silent mutations are predicted to destabilize a stem loop structure at the exon 10 5′-splice site; however, the existence of this stem loop under physiological conditions and its role in splice regulation are controversial. Here we show that base changes that stabilize this stem loop in vitro substantially decrease exon 10 inclusion in a wild type tau minigene and rescue the increase in exon 10 splicing caused by a dementia-causing point mutation. Moreover, we probed the intracellular structure of the tau stem loop with antisense RNA and demonstrate that the stability of the stem loop dictates antisense effectiveness. Together these results validate the stem loop as a bona fide structure regulating tau exon 10 splicing.
Gender economies: literacy and the gendered production of neo‐liberal subjectivities

In this paper, we analyse the links between subjectivities as they are constructed through the intersecting discourses of gender and literacy, and we situate this analysis in the context of the current neo‐liberal social and economic order. We begin with a discussion of the background to the gender and literacy debates. We then describe what neo‐liberalism is and its implications for education, and provide an analysis of the ways in which gendered and literate subjectivities are formed. We introduce Certeau’s concept of the scriptural economy and illustrate this with four stories about children writing. In the final section we discuss some of the research on gender and literacy in school and home settings. Our overall trajectory is to show the relations among literacy, gender and the economy and to show the intensification of gendered differences that is taking place despite the neo‐liberal rhetoric that says such differences are no longer relevant.
Design considerations for high-CMRR low-power current mode instrumentation amplifier for biomedicai data acquisition systems

This paper presents a design procedure for practical implementation of current mode instrumentation amplifier (CMIA). The design flow highlights the major tradeoffs in the design of CMIA, enabling a designer to optimize the design as per the desired critical performance specifications. PSRR analysis of the implemented CMIA is also presented. The target specifications comprise a CMRR better than 100 dB without using choppers and without trimming, programmable bandwidth, accurate and stable gain, rail to rail output swing with 100 pF capacitive load driving capability while minimizing the power dissipation and the area. The gain is programmable from 34 dB to 60 dB and the bandwidth is programmable upto 10 kHz. The thermal noise floor is 145 nV/√Hz. The presented chopper-less CMIA has been designed and optimized in 180 nm mixed-mode CMOS technology. It features high CMRR of > 112 dB in the presence of 4.5 mV input offset voltage without any chopper modulator.