Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis of the protection system in smart substations

Aiming at implementing the condition-based maintenance of protection systems in smart substation, a new assessment method of the operational level of protection systems is presented. Based on the characteristics of smart substations, a monitoring method reflecting the changes of the protection system function in terms of logical nodes was given first. According to the needs of the condition-based maintenance, reliability indices of the protection system were then selected. Along with these indices, a dynamic Markov reliability assessment model was built to quantitatively calculate the maintenance requirement under given conditions. Finally, a typical 220kV smart substation was utilized to illustrate the application method of the assessment model. The result shows that the method, with certain operability, could provide reference for maintenance decision-making of the protection system in smart substations.
Idea Gro up Inc . Copy right Idea Grou p Inc . Copy right Idea Grou p Inc . Copy right Idea Grou p Inc . Chapter XI Evaluating the Management of Enterprise Systems with the Balanced Scorecard

The management of Enterprise Systems (ES) software consists of two main tasks: the implementation and the use, stabilisation and change of this comprehensive software. The Balanced Scorecard, a framework originally developed in order to structure the performance measurement for an enterprise or a department, can also be used for the evaluation of ES software. Adapting the Balanced Scorecard and adding a new fifth project perspective allows the comprehensive evaluation of Enterprise Systems and represents an alternative IT evaluation approach. It supports the time consuming implementation of enterprise systems as well and the benefits realization stage. Furthermore, the application of the Balanced Scorecard for IT evaluation represents a novel application area for this strategic management concept.
Mobile Privacy Expectations in Context

An increasing amount of social activity and commerce is performed using applications running on mobile devices such as phones and tablets. During these activities, mobile applications collect increasing amounts of personal data. Consumers, organizations, and regulators struggle to address privacy expectations for these new forms of data collection across a diverse set of activities. This paper describes findings from empirical research employing a context-based survey to understand consumers’ privacy expectations for mobile devices across diverse real-world contexts (e.g., consulting medical applications, navigating using map applications, or playing music or games, etc). The project tests the hypotheses that (a) individuals hold different privacy expectations based on the social context of their mobile activity, and (b) contextual factors such as who (the data collection actor, e.g. the application developer or mobile phone provider), what (data attributes, e.g. the type of information received or tracked by the primary organization), why (application purpose, e.g. playing games, checking the weather, participating in social networking, navigating using maps, listening to music, banking, shopping, and organizing personal productivity) and how (the use of data by the collector, e.g. the amount of time data is stored or how that data is reused) affect individuals’ privacy expectations. This paper reports on survey findings that identify contextual factors of importance in the mobile data ecosystem. Our survey demonstrated that overall, very common activities of mobile application companies such as harvesting and reusing location data, accelerometer readings, demographic data, contacts, keywords, name, images and friends do not meet users’ privacy expectations. But these differences are modulated by both information type and social context. Addressing privacy expectations for mobile devices is an explicit goal of US regulatory bodies and firms rely on understanding privacy expectations to gain the trust of users. Understanding how consumer privacy expectations change in different data use and business contexts can help regulators identify contexts that may require stricter privacy protections and help firms and managers better meet privacy expectations of users. Study results help us understand one aspect of mobile privacy: the expectations of consumers as they vary by context. These expectations have direct implications for researchers, business leaders, policy experts, and consumers.
Colposcopy Information Leaflets: What Women Want to Know and When They Want to Receive This Information

Objectives: To evoluate whether the information leoflets produced by UK colposcopy clinics provide women with the information they desire and to determine when they would like to receive this information. Design: Questionnaire study and structured evaluation. Setting: The colposcopy clinic of a UK cancer centre. Participants: Forty-two women attending a pre-colposcopy counselling session and 100 consecutive women attending the colposcopy clinic. Methods: Thirty-eight standards derived from the concerns/questions asked by women attending a pre-colposcopy counselling session were used to assess locally produced colposcopy clinic leaflets from UK colposcopy clinics, the leaflets produced by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP), and two “leaflets” obtained from internet sites. The Gunning fog test was used to assess the leaflets' readability. A questionnaire survey of 100 women attending the colposcopy clinic was used to determine when women wanted to receive information about colposcopy. Main outcome measures: Percentage of questions answered by a given leaflet and Gunning fog scores for readability. Results: The information leaflets of 128 colposcopy clinics were received and assessed. Thirty-two clinics only sent women the NHSCSP leaflet. No leaflet answered all 38 questions. Less than half (36/100) of the leaflets answered more than 50% of the questions. In addition to the lack of advice given, different leaflets frequently gave conflicting advice. The average Gunning fog score was 9.7 (range 5.5–15.5). The majority of women (70%) wanted to receive information about colposcopy at or prior to the time of receiving their abnormal smear test result, although only 42% of women actually received information at this time. Conclusions: Many UK colposcopy clinics do not appear to be providing women with the information they require to understand their condition and the procedure that they are about to undergo. Furthermore, this information is often not provided at the appropriate time in the screening process.
SkyCode MT – a translation system using deep syntactic and semantic analysis

SkyCode MT is a rule-based machine translation system that evaluates all possible parsing hypotheses and ranks them using dependency relations. It uses Princeton WordNet (PWN) (Fellbaum, 1998) synsets as universal dictionary and has separate per-language analysis and synthesis modules which enables translation between any two of the seven languages of the system. It has been developed as a complete solution used in commercial applications. The small footprint allows its use on mobile devices (smartphones and tablets). The system has participated as a translation vendor in the 7th FP project iTranslate 4 (http://itranslate4.eu). 1 System description The system translates between English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Turkish and Bulgarian by means of а deep internal syntactic and semantic representation of the input text. This allows the translation of the 21 language pairs (42 translation directions) in just 150 MB. The sense inventory is based on the original PWN synonym sets (concepts) extended with lexicalizations having the following synset coverage: 74124 in Bulgarian, 62015 in Turkish, 79553 in German, 84345 in Spanish, 88955 in French and 78718 in Italian. The lexicalizations are used for morphological analysis of the source, creating initial hypotheses for simple concepts (the various readings of single words and collocations). The system uses manually defined rules to generate all possible © 2017 The authors. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons 3.0 licence, no derivative works, attribution, CC-BY-ND. parses (parsing hypotheses) for the source by applying them in а bottom-up fashion on adjacent hypotheses, building an entire sentence parse tree. The rules are based on Chomsky-normal-form context-free grammar extended with dependency relations on the constituents. As a result each hypothesis identifies concepts (PWN synsets) and dependency relations between them. The relations between the concepts are used for evaluation of how 'sensible' the hypothesis is by consulting a relations knowledge base. It is defined on the PWN synsets and is language-independent for most of the relations. The translation is synthesized using the PWN synset lexicalizations for the target language and manually defined synthesis rules, transferring the semantic relations to the translation. Both the synthesis and the analysis rules are shared between languages that have common linguistic phenomena such as the same word order, e.g. S → NP VP, VP → V NP, VP → V PP. The use of PWN synsets as universal dictionary and knowledge base as well as splitting the analysis from the synthesis allow for the translation between the languages of the system without having to define per-language-pair rules. This also makes adding a new language relatively easy by only defining PWN lexicalizations, and analysis and synthesis rules specific to the new language. The system is implemented in C++, which makes it portable across various operating systems and platforms including mobile devices. A detailed description is given in (Jackov, 2014).
Green IT maturity models: A systematic mapping study

The rise of Information Technology has impacted not only on the way of doing business and the digital transformation of organizations, but also on the sustainability, acquiring a special relevance through the idea of the Green IT. The Green IT is becoming an indispensable area in organizations and in a social demand. However, organizations do not have the necessary mechanisms to assess their maturity and improve in this area. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to carry out a systematic mapping study to compile the state of the art of the maturity models of sustainability, and, in particular, of Green IT, in order to establish a guide to develop a maturity model of Green IT. The results obtained demonstrate the novelty of the area and the lack of a solid Green IT maturity model and, therefore, the need to elaborate and validate a model of this type.
RIG-I Plays a Dominant Role in the Induction of Transcriptional Changes in Zika Virus-Infected Cells, which Protect from Virus-Induced Cell Death

The Zika virus (ZIKV) has received much attention due to an alarming increase in cases of neurological disorders including congenital Zika syndrome associated with infection. To date, there is no effective treatment available. An immediate response by the innate immune system is crucial for effective control of the virus. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockouts in A549 cells, we investigated the individual contributions of the RIG-I-like receptors MDA5 and RIG-I to ZIKV sensing and control of this virus by using a Brazilian ZIKV strain. We show that RIG-I is the main sensor for ZIKV in A549 cells. Surprisingly, we observed that loss of RIG-I and consecutive type I interferon (IFN) production led to virus-induced apoptosis. ZIKV non-structural protein NS5 was reported to interfere with type I IFN receptor signaling. Additionally, we show that ZIKV NS5 inhibits type I IFN induction. Overall, our study highlights the importance of RIG-I-dependent ZIKV sensing for the prevention of virus-induced cell death and shows that NS5 inhibits the production of type I IFN.
The d,d‐carboxypeptidase PBP3 organizes the division process of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Bacterial division requires the co‐ordination of membrane invagination, driven by the constriction of the FtsZ‐ring, and concomitant cell wall synthesis, performed by the high‐molecular‐weight penicillin‐binding proteins (HMW PBPs). Using immunofluorescence techniques, we show in Streptococcus pneumoniae that this co‐ordination requires PBP3, a d,d‐carboxypeptidase that degrades the substrate of the HMW PBPs. In a mutant deprived of PBP3, the apparent rings of HMW PBPs and that of FtsZ are no longer co‐localized. In wild‐type cells, PBP3 is absent at the future division site and present over the rest of the cell surface, implying that the localization of the HMW PBPs at mid‐cell depends on the availability of their substrate. FtsW, a putative translocase of the substrate of the PBPs, forms an apparent ring that is co‐localized with the septal HMW PBPs throughout the cell cycle of wild‐type cells. In particular, the constriction of the FtsW‐ring occurs after that of the FtsZ‐ring, with the same delay as the constriction of the septal PBP‐rings. However, in the absence of PBP3, FtsW remains co‐localized with FtsZ in contrast to the HMW PBPs. Our work reveals an unexpected complexity in the relationships between the division proteins. The consequences of the absence of PBP3 indicate that the peptidoglycan composition is central to the co‐ordination of the division process.
Conscription as Regulation

We examine the practice of military conscription around the world from the perspective of two standard theories, and a new one, which emphasizes the fixed cost of introducing and administering the draft as a deterrent to its use. We find that, holding the relative size of the military constant, higher population countries are more likely to use the draft. We also find that French legal origin countries, which we see as facing lower fixed and variable administrative costs, are more likely to draft than are common law countries. Conscription does not seem to be influenced by democracy, and is influenced by the deadweight costs of taxation only in countries with very large militaries. The results suggest that fixed costs of introducing and administering new regulations may be an important determinant of their use.
Research Program 'Digital Business & Transformation IWI-HSG'

The digitization of society is changing the way we work, live, communicate, interact, as well as how and when we consume and produce products and services. The transformation of the information society into the digital society creates a new wave of business start-ups. Within this context, it is up to each individual to recognize and seize opportunities, namely each innovative entrepreneur founding a new business, as well as decision makers intending to restructure their companies. The research and education at IWI-HSG aims at supporting these projects. The digital society creates multiple new challenges for companies. Catchwords such as Industry 4.0, Service-led Economy, and Co-creation are often mentioned in this context. On the user side, the ever-increasing demand for customized services exactly providing the desired value in the desired quality at the right time can be observed. In many areas the trend is no longer to sell the products itself but their benefits and consequently to (re-)design the business, services and operating models. This inevitably leads to the creation of new digital benefits for the customer which already are or will become crucial for sustainable market success. In addition, the well-known prior challenges remain. Business processes and their optimization will not become less important in the digital society. Rather, the old challenges will be supplemented by additional digital transformation challenges. In the digital society, it will be therefore of utmost importance for businesses to both optimize their internal processes as well as to understand the digital users in order to be successful on the market. It is important to note that users of the digital age comprise of both own employees (internal digital users) as well as any type of customer (external digital users). The field of Business and Information Systems Engineering has always considered itself as an integrative discipline between business and IT. This integration task is becoming more and more important since IT increasingly influences people’s everyday lives and focuses on the digital users’ needs. The research program Digital Business & Transformation IWI-HSG intends to organize the cooperation between industry and the IWI-HSG, tackle important business problems, as well as develop solutions, process them in an academic context, and implement them in pilot projects in companies. The research program enables efficient and motivating work without extensive research bureaucracy. In cooperation projects between IWI-HSG and its industrial partners, we strive to learn from each other and to create new knowledge, which is valuable both for research at the IWI-HSG as well as our industrial partners.
Euromarketing and the Future

* Preface * Introduction * Projecting Europe: The Next 50 Years * Utilization of the Internet by EU and US Service Providers to Facilitate Cross-Border Business * Economic versus Personal Future-Oriented Attitudes as Consumer Shopping Indicators * Retailing Evolution and Revolution in an Privatizing Economy: Small Business Managers' Values and Retail Strategies in Romania * Changing Values: A 2020 Vision * The New Paradigm Marketing Model * Global Marketing Strategies of Born Globals and Globalising Internationals in the ICT Field * Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Based Approach for Suppliers Selection * Index * Reference Notes Included
Performance Optimization of MEMS Capacitive Accelerometer

MEMS Accelerometers are widely used as sensing element to measure acceleration, tilt, shock. Accelerometer measures acceleration of a device which is used as an input to some type of control systems and those control systems change their dynamic conditions according to measured acceleration. This paper presents a capacitive accelerometer composed of pure oxide stacking to avoid the initial residual stress when the device is taken out from the substrate providing better thermal stability resulting in more accuracy of device in more harsh conditions. Sensitivity is improved by using full bridge differential capacitive sensing packaged us-ing LTCC technology. Performance analysis of device is done by finite element analysis (FEA) tool Intellisuite® and further optimization is achieved by varying beam length and beam width with pure oxide stacking struc-ture and LTCC packaging.
Colorectal Transit and Volume During Treatment With Prolonged-release Oxycodone/Naloxone Versus Oxycodone Plus Macrogol 3350

Background/Aims Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) side effect to opioid treatment. Opioid receptor antagonists against OIC have been introduced, but their efficacy has not been directly compared to conventional laxatives. Our aim was to compare symptoms and objective parameters of gut function in an experimental model of OIC during treatment with the opioid antagonist naloxone and oxycodone in prolonged-release (PR) formulation versus oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, crossover trial 20 healthy men received a 5-day treatment of combined PR oxycodone/naloxone or PR oxycodone plus macrogol 3350. Regional GI transit times and segmental colorectal transit were assessed with the Motilis 3D-Transit electromagnetic capsule system. Colorectal volumes were determined by MRI. OIC symptoms were assessed with validated questionnaires, along with stool frequency and consistency. Results Total colorectal volume did not change after 5 days’ treatment with PR oxycodone/naloxone (941 vs 1036 mL; P = 0.091), but increased significantly after PR oxycodone plus macrogol treatment (912 vs 1123 mL; P < 0.001). Neither regional GI transit times nor segmental colorectal transit differed between the treatments (all P > 0.05). The Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptom Questionnaire abdominal symptoms score was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (0.2 vs 3.2; P = 0.002). Stool frequency was lower during PR oxycodone/naloxone compared to PR oxycodone plus macrogol (4.2 vs 5.4; P = 0.035). Conclusions PR oxycodone plus macrogol increases colorectal volume, but does not improve GI transit compared to PR oxycodone/naloxone. However, PR oxycodone/naloxone results in a lower abdominal symptom burden, despite higher stool frequency during macrogol treatment.
Rekabet üstünlüğü sağlamada insan kaynakları ve rekabet stratejileri uyumunun önemi

In today’s challenging competitive atmosphere; survival and competitive advantage gains of firms depend not only on qualified human resources and how to retain them, but also development of HR strategies and their applications which would fit the competitive strategies of firms. The studies in this area indicate that combination of business strategies and human resources practices play a crucial role as a boost for firms to reach and sustain their competitive advantages. In this study, the relationship between the competition strategies developed by Miles & Snow (1978), and Porter (1980), and human resources strategies/applications are discussed within “alignment” and “integration” context. In addition to this, the contribution of a harmonious relationship HRM and competitive strategies for the firms in gaining and sustaining competitive advantage in the market is evaluated.
The Interplay between Director Compensation and CEO Compensation

This paper empirically examines the determinants of director compensation and CEO compensation and investigates whether director compensation has an effect on CEO compensation. Based on 713 firms (or 2,852 firm-years) between 2007 and 2010, we find that CEO tenure is related to the ability of the CEO in influencing the boardâ€™s pay determination process. However, sitting on the board does not strengthen the CEOâ€™s power over the board during the pay negotiation process. More importantly, we find evidence of a mutual back scratching relationship between CEO and the board of directors. Excess director compensation and CEO compensation are positively related. The results thus support Jensenâ€™s (1993) argument that as the CEO is involved in the selection of directors, the monitoring role of the board of directors becomes less effective.
Corporate Loan Spreads, Market Power, and the Default-Free Rate

The relation between corporate loan spreads and the default-free rate is investigated to determine whether lenders of corporate loans influence prices through increasing loan spreads as the default-free rate decreases, exploiting borrowers’ rate relief. The Loan Pricing Corporation DealScan database is employed to create large samples of revolving and term loans, which are independently estimated using techniques that overcome simultaneous equation bias. We find evidence to support the contention that lenders of revolving loans influence loan spreads through increasing commitment fees as the default-free rate decreases. We do not find any evidence that lenders of term loans influence loan spreads.
Ultra-wideband omnidirectional low-profile miniaturized 3-dimensional (3-D) traveling-wave (TW) antenna

This paper reports findings of a new ultra-wideband low-profile miniaturized 3-D (three-dimension) Traveling Wave (TW) omnidirectional antenna. Evolved from an ultra-wideband low-profile 2-D TW antenna, the 3-D TW antenna's size, and thus its weight and cost, were reduced by a factor of up to 6, that is, to only 1/6 that of the 2-D TW antenna. For such a large payoff, the 3-D TW technique only raised the antenna height by 30% from the low-profile 2-D model. Since the 2-D design is a low-profile antenna, the height increase only minimally degraded its desirable low profile feature.