Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Caltech Pedestrian Dataset: Evaluated Algorithms

ACF [10] channels AdaBoost INRIA evolution of ChnFtrs [source code] ACF-Caltech [10] channels AdaBoost Caltech evolution of ChnFtrs [source code] ACF+SDt [23] channels AdaBoost Caltech SDt = Stabilized Dt (motion features) AFS [13] multiple linear SVM INRIA accelerated version of FeatSynth AFS+Geo [13] multiple linear SVM INRIA variant of AFS with geometry constraints ChnFtrs [9] channels AdaBoost INRIA updated (see addendum on author website) ConvNet [26] pixels DeepNet INRIA Crosstalk [6] channels AdaBoost INRIA DBN-Isol [18] HOG DeepNet INRIA DBN-Mut [20] HOG DeepNet INRIA/Caltech FeatSynth [1] multiple linear SVM INRIA FisherBoost [27] HOG+COV FisherBoost INRIA FPDW [7] channels AdaBoost INRIA accelerated variant of ChnFtrs FtrMine [8] channels AdaBoost INRIA HikSvm [16] HOG HIK SVM INRIA boundary effect fixed since publication HOG [5] HOG linear SVM INRIA HOG-LBP [30] HOG+LBP linear SVM INRIA LatSvm-V1 [11] HOG latent SVM PASCAL LatSvm-V2 [12] HOG latent SVM INRIA MLS [17] HOG AdaBoost INRIA MOCO [4] HOG+LBP latent SVM Caltech MT-DPM [32] HOG latent SVM Caltech MT-DPM+Context [32] HOG latent SVM Caltech+ context obtained from a vehicle detector MultiFtr [31] multiple AdaBoost INRIA MultiFtr+CSS [29] multiple linear SVM TUD-Motion MultiFtr+Motion [29] multiple linear SVM TUD-Motion MultiResC [22] HOG latent SVM Caltech pAUCBoost [21] HOG+COV pAUCBoost INRIA optimized for low false-positives Pls [25] multiple PLS+QDA INRIA PoseInv [15] HOG AdaBoost INRIA+ trained with annotated silhouettes PoseInvSvm [15] HOG kernel SVM INRIA+ trained with annotated silhouettes Roerei [3] channels AdaBoost INRIA Shapelet [24] gradients AdaBoost INRIA with boundary effects fixed [31] Shapelet-orig [24] gradients AdaBoost INRIA original implementation SketchTokens [14] channels AdaBoost INRIA+ Sketch Tokens were trained on BSDS VeryFast [2] channels AdaBoost INRIA VJ [28] Haar AdaBoost INRIA implementation from [31] VJ-OpenCV [28] Haar AdaBoost INRIA implementation from OpenCV *+2Ped [19] HOG latent SVM INRIA+ adds 2-person detector as context
Moray micro forceps biopsy improves the diagnosis of specific pancreatic cysts

Making a specific diagnosis of pancreatic cysts preoperatively is difficult. The new disposable Moray micro forceps biopsy (MFB) device allows tissue sampling from the pancreatic cyst wall/septum and aims to improve diagnosis. This study compares the diagnostic performance of the MFB with the current conventional analysis of pancreatic cyst fluid (PCF).
2 Effects of inhomogeneity on anisotropy 2 . 1 Alternating layers : Anisotropic medium

In general, the Backus average of an inhomogeneous stack of isotropic layers is a transversely isotropic medium. Herein, we examine a relation between this inhomogeneity and the strength of resulting anisotropy, and show that, in general, they are proportional to one another. There is an important case, however, in which the Backus average of isotropic layers results in an isotropic—as opposed to a transversely isotropic—medium. We show that it is a consequence of the same rigidity of layers, regardless of their compressibility. Thus, in general, the strength of anisotropy of the Backus average increases with the degree of inhomogeneity among layers, except for the case in which all layers exhibit the same rigidity.
Growing up in Australia: paradox of overweight/obesity in children of immigrants from low‐and‐middle ‐income countries

Children of immigrants from low‐and‐middle‐income countries show excess overweight/obesity risk relative to host populations, possibly due to socioeconomic disadvantage. The present study was conducted to estimate overweight/obesity prevalence and its association with the family socioeconomic‐position in 2–11‐year‐old Australian‐born children of immigrants and Australian‐mothers.
Ranking Factors by Importance in Factorial Survey Analysis

Factorial survey analysis is a statistical technique with a long history of use in decision-oriented organizational and information systems (IS) research. The technique produces a collection of standardized regression coefficients that help one to rank survey factors by importance. However, such rankings may be invalid because a researcher might not account for two related issues: unequal factor (i.e., dimension) manipulation effect sizes and the inherent multilevel structure of factorial survey data. We address these concomitant issues by demonstrating the ranking problem in simulated datasets, explaining the ranking problem’s underlying statistical causes, and justifying the use of remediating statistical methods. In particular, we focus on coding proportional to effect, a technique in which one consolidates corresponding dimension-level dummy (0, 1) variables into a single re-calibrated independent variable that is regressed on the dependent variable. One then uses the resulting standardized coefficients to rank the factors. We assess the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of remediation techniques and offer suggestions for future information systems research.
Insights into structural, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of WB and WAlB: a first principle study

ABSTRACT Detailed investigations on structural, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of WB and WAlB have been done by using a full-potential linearised augmented plane wave method. Different approximations have been used to treat the exchange–correlation potential. The PBEsol-GGA method is found to be the most suitable for WB and WAlB. The obtained values of the equilibrium structural parameters such as lattice constants, volume and bulk modulus are in good agreement with the available experimental and theoretical data. The results of electronic charge density plots show that WB has a strong covalent bond between B-B and an ionic bond between W-B. In case of WAlB, the distance between any two atoms is more than the corresponding interatomic distance in WB. The band structure and density of states around the fermi level suggest that WB has a metallic nature and WAlB has a semimetal-like character. The optical properties are determined and analysed in detail for the first time. The larger reflectivity in the low-energy region (infrared) indicates that these materials can be used as a coating material to remove solar heating. The effects of temperature on thermoelectric parameters are also studied for the first time. High value power factor and high thermal conductivity suggest that WB and WAlB are potential candidates for thermoelectric technological applications.
System Design of Humanoid Robot DYROS-JET

To perform various tasks for humans, humanoid robots are designed to comprise multiple joints that provide them with both mobility and manipulability enabled by a kinematic structure similar to that of humans. Herein, we introduce a system design created to control a robot with numerous degrees of freedom. Our communication system is constructed to simultaneously control multiple joints and improve control performance by fully exploiting the control frequency. We also consider the design of the input/output interface for multiple sensors that are essential for stable walking and the manipulation of humanoid robots. A fail-safe algorithm is implemented for the software modules and the controller, and the proposed system design is experimentally verified.
miR‐200c, a tumor suppressor that modulate the expression of cancer stem cells markers and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the most common gastrointestinal cancer worldwide. Due to the presence of populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that cause recurrence, the possibility of cancer treatment is very low. The aim of current study was to evaluate the inhibitory role of miR‐200c on EMT, CSCs markers and β‐catenin in HCT‐116 and SW48 cell lines. The expression of miR‐200c, EMT‐related genes, CSCs markers, and β‐catenin were quantified by qRT‐PCR. Further, expression of β‐catenin and EMT‐related proteins, and migration were analyzed by Western blot, and migration assay kit, respectively. Spheroid formation assay was used to enrich colorectal CSCs from colorectal cancer cell lines. LNA‐anti‐miR‐200c suppressed the endogenous miR‐200c in transfected cells compared with the control. qRT PCR and Western blot analysis of LNA‐anti‐miR‐200c transfected cells revealed a considerable increase in CSCs markers, vimentin, ZEB‐1, N‐cadherin, and β‐catenin expression, with a concomitant reduction in E‐cadherin expression level. Migration and sphere forming ability of HCT‐116 and SW48 cells increased in transfected cells. The results of current study revealed that downregulation of miR‐200c may be an important factor for the overexpression of CSCs markers and EMT related genes via β‐catenin upregulation in CRC.
Evidence for a priming-based asymmetry in color identification

ABSTRACT Performance asymmetries in colour discrimination (or detection) between visual fields (VFs) are typically examined using mean or median reaction times and have tended to yield either a left VF advantage for all colours (i.e., lower reaction times) or no difference for any colour, although a right VF advantage has also been reported. We used a novel colour identification task in which participants simply identified the colour of a laterally presented rectangle (i.e., red or blue). A measure of priming effects – but not mean or median reaction times – revealed a VF × colour interaction across a pilot study and two experiments; priming for red versus blue stimuli was greater in the left VF and priming for blue stimuli was greater in the right versus left VF. Two plausible psychological explanations of this interaction are offered, including the potential generation of approach and avoidance motivations and different emotional responses to blue versus red stimuli. Future work will be needed, but the current findings indicate that the left and right hemispheres are differentially primed by different colours – the right hemisphere is primed to a greater extent by red stimuli, and the left hemisphere is primed more by blue stimuli.
Automotive ECU Data-Based Driver’s Propensity Learning Using Evolutionary Random Forest

Driving assistance systems in the automotive industry are constantly evolving and are already commercialized in various areas to provide consumers with safety and convenience. The recognition of driver’s propensity is a key factor that can greatly affect the performance of such a driving assist system, but it still has numbers of technical limitations. This paper presents an evolutionary machine learning algorithm for recognizing driver’s propensity by effectively learning a vast amount of ECU sensor data in the vehicle, and its performance is verified through system construction, data collection, analysis, and comparison test. The experiments showed that the proposed algorithm achieves a classification accuracy of 92.48% in a large amount of ECU data and reaches 7.03% higher accuracy than the average classification accuracy of existing classifiers. In addition, a scenario for a new safe driving assistance system is presented. The system can recognize the driver’s propensity in real time using only the ECU information without attaching additional sensors, such as cameras and biometric information. It is expected that this system will help to recognize the driver’s tendency shift, thereby inducing safe driving.
Longitudinal changes in gray matter regions after cranial radiation and comparative analysis with whole body radiation: a DTI study

Abstract Purpose: Radiation-induced white matter changes are well known and vastly studied. However, radiation-induced gray matter alterations are still a research question. In the present study, these changes were assessed in a longitudinal manner using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and further compared for cranial and whole body radiation exposure. Materials and methods: Male mice (C57BL/6) were irradiated with cranial or whole body radiation followed by DTI study at 7T animal MRI system during predose, subacute and early delayed phases of radiation sickness. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values were obtained from brain’s gray matter regions. Results: Decreased FA with increased MD was observed prominently in animals exposed to cranial radiation showing most changes at 8 months post irradiation. However, whole body radiation induced FA changes were mostly observed at 1 month post irradiation as compared to controls. Conclusions: The differential response after whole body and cranial irradiation observed in the study depicts that radiation exposure of 5 Gy could induce permanent alterations in gray matter regions prominently as observed in Caudoputamen region at all the time points. Thus, our study has bolstered the role of DTI to probe microstructural changes in gray matter regions of brain after radiation exposure.
Deep learning Mr imaging–based attenuation correction for PeT/Mr imaging 1

Furthermore, deep MRAC provides good PET results, with average errors of less than 1% in most brain regions. Significantly lower PET reconstruction errors were realized with deep MRAC ( 2 0.7% 6 1.1) compared with Dixon-based soft-tissue and air segmentation ( 2 5.8% 6 3.1) and anatomic CT-based template registration ( 2 4.8% 6 2.2)
Identifying Interest Flooding in Named Data Networking

Named Data Networking (NDN) attracts much attention in the ongoing research area of future Internet. NDN tries to provide better security than current Internet does, and it does introduce some effective mechanisms, such as receiver-driven communication mode. However, a new type of Interest flooding attack emerges in NDN. Since routers in NDN will maintain state for Interests, a plethora of Interests may congest the network or exhaust a router's memory. In this paper, we focus on detecting and identifying Interest flooding. We propose a two-phase detection method to identify the abnormal name prefixes of the flooding Interests. It is useful to identify the flooding name prefixes for further fine-grained Interest flooding countermeasures. Our evaluation through simulations shows that our proposal is effective and accurate to find the abnormal name prefixes, and the identification time is independent of the number of abnormal name prefixes.
Evaluation Methodology for Fast Switching Cloud RAN Systems

The switching scheme between base band units (BBUs) and remote radio heads (RRHs) is a key point in a cloud radio access network (C-RAN). Fast BBU-RRH switching schemes will play crucial roles in future flexible C-RAN systems. In this letter, an evaluation model is proposed to analyze the performance of fast switching schemes. Based on the model, we also propose an evaluation methodology through jointly taking backlogs, idle resources, and switching costs into account. The evaluation methodology provides guidance on future design for fast switching schemes. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is validated by simulation results.
Curbing collusive cyber-gossips for business brand management

In recent years, the vigorous development of e-commerce, especially the emergence of social networks, such as Facebook, Twitter, WeChat and Weibo, generated unprecedented significant impact on the way that people work, social contact, acquire information and online shopping. On those social network services, astroturfing, a kind of suspicious online behavior for cyber-gossip generation and propagation, is widely existing, which usually represents a brand asset damage to businesses, because customer’s impression on a particular product is often influenced by other’s opinions (Kelman 1958). Accordingly, the attitude or opinions of online users can be easily influenced by available online opinions. Cyber-gossips can mislead the public, and put the competing business at serious risk. Several recent breaking news show the distinct evidence of collusive cyber-gossips or astroturfing. For example in October 2010, Mengniu, one Chinese dairy products company, was reported to hired public relation firms to harm the reputation of their competitor, and this has been widely concerned in Chinese communities. It has also been reported that a group of astroturfers could launch well-coordinated attacks, and generate positive or negative opinions to attract public attention or trigger curiosity. In October 2015, Amazon took legal action against 1114 people who have posted fake reviews on its website . Recently, the collusive cyber-gossips have been advancing globally at a fast speed. Obviously, collusive cyber-gossips or astroturfing can generate abnormal, damaging, even illegal behaviors in cyberspace, which may mislead the public perception and bring negative effect on both social network users and the society. Unfortunately, it is very difficult for users to be aware of the astroturfing or distinguish the truth from gossips. Hence, how to curb the collusive cybergossips becomes very urgent for business brand management, which draws lots of interests from both IT and sociology researchers. This special issue fosters the research from the IT perspective of collusive cyber-gossip detection and analysis. Base on an open call, this special issue solicited 5 submissions to best illustrate the main directions and perspectives. Several rounds of reviews and feedback have followed to lead to the publication you are reading. All accepted papers shared interests in the content-based, behavior-based, communication structure-based collusive cyber-gossip detection and analysis, while building trusted cyberspace for business brand asset management. Those papers accepted in this issue report a variety of methods, and the problems discussed represent a wide range of collusive cyber-gossip features, in relation to such disciplines as network security, privacy protection, as well as machine learning. Here we provide an integrative perspective of this special issue, by summarizing each contribution contained therein.
The Short-Term Effect of Kettlebell Swings on Lumbopelvic Pressure Pain Thresholds: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Keilman, BM, Hanney, WJ, Kolber, MJ, Pabian, PS, Salamh, PA, Rothschild, CE, and Liu, X. The short-term effect of kettlebell swings on lumbopelvic pressure pain thresholds: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3001–3009, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of kettlebell swings (KBSs) on lumbopelvic pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in healthy adults. Sixty participants (male = 23, female = 37, mean age = 25.12 ± 2.86 years, height = 170.73 ± 9.2 cm, mass = 70.49 ± 13.32 kg) were randomized into one of 2 groups. The experimental group performed a warm-up followed by 8 consecutive 20-second rounds of KBS with 10-second rest periods. The control group performed the warm-up alone. An evaluator blinded to group assignment, assessed PPTs immediately before and after the intervention using a handheld pressure algometer. The algometer was applied to the regions of the right paravertebral (PVM), quadratus lumborum (QL), and piriformis (PF) muscles perpendicular to the skin based on standardized palpation procedures. The participants were instructed to report when sensation changed from “comfortable pressure” to “slightly unpleasant pain. ” No significant group differences existed at baseline for PPTs (PVM p = 0.068; QL p = 0.134, & PF p = 0.105). Significant group by time interactions existed for each site after the interventions (PVM, p = 0.018; QL, p = 0.004; PF, p = 0.026) favoring the KBS group. Results suggest that KBSs create a reduction in muscle sensitivity to noxious pressure based on pressure algometry measurements. These findings may be due to the unique cyclic muscle contraction associated with KBSs, which has been proposed to facilitate removal of muscle metabolites. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future studies to examine the use of this type of training in patients with low back pain of a muscular etiology or postexercise muscle soreness. Furthermore, future studies should evaluate specific mechanisms for these effects.
Detection of Heteromers Formed by Cannabinoid CB1, Dopamine D2, and Adenosine A2A G-Protein-Coupled Receptors by Combining Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation and Bioluminescence Energy Transfer

Functional interactions in signaling occur between dopamine D2 (D2R) and cannabinoid CB1 (CB1R) receptors, between CB1R and adenosine A2A (A2AR) receptors, and between D2R and A2AR. Furthermore, direct molecular interactions have been reported for the pairs CB1R-D2R, A2AR-D2R, and CB1R-A2AR. Here a combination of bimolecular fluorescence complementation and bioluminescence energy transfer techniques was used to identify the occurrence of D2R-CB1R-A2AR hetero-oligomers in living cells.
FOXO1 opposition of CD8+ T cell effector programming confers early memory properties and phenotypic diversity

Significance Acute infection with intracellular pathogen results in the expansion and effector differentiation of pathogen-specific CD8+ T cells, most of which die after pathogen clearance. The factors and steps controlling CD8+ T cell differentiation in response to acute infection are not fully understood. We find FOXO1 and TCF7 drive postinfection immune memory characteristics in cells expressing low TIM3, where TCF7 actively down-regulates the cytotoxic molecule GZMB and reduces terminally differentiated KLRG1high effector abundance. We further report the creation of a continuum of CD8+ T cell phenotypes, ranging from terminal effector cells to long-lived immune-memory cells, dependent on FOXO1 and TCF7. We conclude FOXO1 and TCF7 are essential to oppose cytotoxic/terminal differentiation programs and enable full phenotypic diversity of postinfection CD8+ T cells. The factors and steps controlling postinfection CD8+ T cell terminal effector versus memory differentiation are incompletely understood. Whereas we found that naive TCF7 (alias “Tcf-1”) expression is FOXO1 independent, early postinfection we report bimodal, FOXO1-dependent expression of the memory-essential transcription factor TCF7 in pathogen-specific CD8+ T cells. We determined the early postinfection TCF7high population is marked by low TIM3 expression and bears memory signature hallmarks before the appearance of established memory precursor marker CD127 (IL-7R). These cells exhibit diminished TBET, GZMB, mTOR signaling, and cell cycle progression. Day 5 postinfection, TCF7high cells express higher memory-associated BCL2 and EOMES, as well as increased accumulation potential and capacity to differentiate into memory phenotype cells. TCF7 retroviral transduction opposes GZMB expression and the formation of KLRG1pos phenotype cells, demonstrating an active role for TCF7 in extinguishing the effector program and forestalling terminal differentiation. Past the peak of the cellular immune response, we report a gradient of FOXO1 and TCF7 expression, which functions to oppose TBET and orchestrate a continuum of effector-to-memory phenotypes.