Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of New Labour

This book makes sense of New Labour by interpreting its ideas and practices as symptoms of the times in which we live. Making Sense of New Labour is an in-depth study, interpreting a wide range of material, including party political broadcasts and other election material, Tony Blair's speeches, and internal policy discussion. Finlayson disentangles and analyses the different elements of New Labour's political philosophy, which he argues is in large part a reflection of the culture and politics of contemporary capitalism. As such the party inevitably finds itself managing a status quo rather than driving genuine change. The book considers: - Labour's marketing strategy and susceptibility to consumer culture - the rhetoric and practice of modernisation - the place of the Third Way in the context of recent British political and intellectual history - the meaning of the 'knowledge economy' and significance of welfare-to-work - Labour's conception, and management, of the state Alan Finlayson is a Lecturer in the Department of Politics and International Relations, University of Wales Swansea.
With Glioma Susceptibility in a Chinese Population

Two genome-wide association studies of glioma in European populations identified 14 genetic variants strongly associated with risk of glioma, but it is unknown whether these variants are associated with glioma risk in Asian populations. The authors genotyped these 14 variants in 976 glioma patients and 1,057 control subjects to evaluate their associations with risk of glioma, particularly high-grade glioma (glioblastoma; n 1⁄4 312), in a Chinese population (2004–2009). Overall, the authors identified 3 susceptibility loci for glioma risk at 20q13.33 (RTEL1 rs6010620 (P 1⁄4 2.79 3 10 )), 11q23.3 (PHLDB1 rs498872 (P 1⁄4 3.8 3 10 )), and 5p15.33 (TERT rs2736100 (P 1⁄4 3.69 3 10 )) in this study population; these loci were also associated with glioblastoma risk (20q13.33: RTEL1 rs6010620 (P 1⁄4 3.573 10 ); 11q23.3: PHLDB1 rs498872 (P 1⁄4 7.243 10 ); 5p15.33: TERT rs2736100 and TERT rs2736098 (P 1⁄4 1.213 10 4 and P 1⁄4 2.843 10 , respectively)). This study provides further evidence for 3 glioma susceptibility regions at 20q13.33, 11q23.3, and 5p15.33 in Chinese populations.
A new keying system for RFID lock based on SSL dual interface NFC chips and android mobiles

This demonstration shows a new concept for securely downloading keys in RFID devices, with an Android NFC enabled mobile. Today most of electronic ticketing or physical access control systems work with Mifare components. A dual interface RFID is compatible with this deployed ecosystem but also includes trusted computing facilities, and is compliant with the ISO 14443 standard. We use such a device, running a trusted SSL/TLS stack, in order to perform HTTPS operations supervised by an Android mobile phone. Keys are securely downloaded from WEB servers and afterward used by legacy Mifare systems, such as electronic locks.
Lamotrigine versus lithium augmentation of antidepressant therapy in treatment-resistant depression: efficacy and tolerability.

BACKGROUND Mood stabilizer augmentation of standard antidepressant drugs has been shown to be effective in treatment-resistant depression. Despite the reported high overall efficacy, lithium has been relatively underused in recent years. Lamotrigine, a novel anticonvulsant recently recognized as a mood stabilizer, seems to have putative antidepressive properties. The aim of the study was to investigate lamotrigine efficacy and tolerability as antidepressant augmentation for unipolar treatment-resistant depression compared to lithium. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 88 patients suffering from treatment-resistant Major depressive disorder, having acute recurrent depressive episodes according to DSM-IV criteria, were enrolled in the study. This was an open-label trial with a flexible dosing regimen. All patients, received antidepressants in full therapeutic doses. They were divided into two augmentation groups: 46 patients received 50-200 mg/day lamotrigine, and 42 patients received 600-1200 mg/day lithium. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and The Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) were used to monitor therapeutic efficacy. Patients were evaluated weekly for an 8 week treatment period. RESULTS The HAM-D total score was significantly reduced in both treatment groups at the study endpoint, without any difference between the groups. However, significant clinical improvement was reached within the second treatment week in the lamotrigine group compared to the lithium group (p=0.01 vs. lithium). Lamotrigine showed significant efficacy on the HAM-D item 1(depressed mood; p=0.01), item 7 (work and interest; p=0.01) and CGI-Improvement scale (p=0.02). The drop-out rate due to treatment failure was lower in the lamotrigine group (n=1) compared to the lithium (n=4) group. Also, the incidence of side effects did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that lamotrigine could be useful as augmentation of antidepressants for treatment-resistant unipolar depression. Also, lamotrigine may accelerate the onset of antidepressant action, and therefore might be useful in treatment of major depression in general.
The state-of-the-art in modelling of crowd behaviour in panic situation

This paper presents an insight of the review on crowd behaviour in panic situation and crowd modelling. The crowd behaviour discussed in this paper will observe the state-of-the-art in crowd reaction pattern during emergency outbreak in which the model and simulation will be constructed and considered based on the cited papers. Additionally, the sociological behaviour of individual in the crowd in panic situation will be highlighted as an important factor to make the crowd simulation more realism. Individual is the agent can form a group and later become a crowd. The different individualities for agent and crowd must be taken into consideration. Crowd behaviour modelling is crucial as an aid for safety measure in evacuation procedure. Thus, the review also further explored on the issues pertaining to psychology behaviour as an underlying factor in crowd behaviour and to find better technique that can be adapted in measuring the parameter of the crowds in panic scenario. This paper will also give an overview of crowd modelling techniques and further narrowed to model which emphasized more on individualism.
FastRoute: An Efficient and High-Quality Global Router

Modern large-scale circuit designs have created great demand for fast and high-quality global routing algorithms to resolve the routing congestion at the global level. Rip-up and reroute scheme has been employed by the majority of academic and industrial global routers today, which iteratively resolve the congestion by recreating the routing path based on current congestion. This method is proved to be the most practical routing framework. However, the traditional iterative maze routing technique converges very slowly and easily gets stuck at local optimal solutions. In this work, we propose a very efficient and high-quality global router--FastRoute. FastRoute integrates several novel techniques: fast congestion-driven via-aware Steiner tree construction, 3- bend routing, virtual capacity adjustment, multisource multi-sink maze routing, and spiral layer assignment. These techniques not only address the routing congestion measured at the edges of global routing grids but also minimize the total wirelength and via usage, which is critical for subsequent detailed routing, yield, and manufacturability. Experimental results show that FastRoute is highly effective and efficient to solve ISPD07 and ISPD08 global routing benchmark suites. The results outperform recently published academic global routers in both routability and runtime. In particular, for ISPD07 and ISPD08 global routing benchmarks, FastRoute generates 12 congestion-free solutions out of 16 benchmarks with a speed significantly faster than other routers.
Credit card debt and default over the life-cycle

This paper solves an empirically parameterised model of life-cycle consumption which extends the precautionary savings models of Carroll (1997), and Deaton (1991), to allow for uncollaterized borrowing and default. In case households choose to default: (i) their access to credit markets is restricted; (ii) lenders of funds may seize their financial assets above an exemption level, and up to the amount of outstanding debt; and (iii) there is a “stigma effect,” or a decrease in current utility caused by the social embarrassment of declaring bankruptcy. The model shows that the decisions to borrow and default are closely related to the shape of the life-cycle labor income profile, and henceforth vary across household education levels. Moreover, the model explains two puzzling empirical facts: (a) why bankruptcy rates have been growing in periods of economic expansion and low unemployment; and, (b) why households hold simultaneously high cost debt and low return assets.
I Know Who You Are and I Saw What You Did: Social Networks and the Death of Privacy

Social networks, the defining cultural movement of our time, offer many freedoms. But as we work and shop and date over the Web, we are opening ourselves up to intrusive privacy violations by employers, the police, and aggressive data collection companies that sell our information to any and all takers. Through groundbreaking research, Andrews reveals how routinely colleges reject applicants due to personal information searches, robbers use vacation postings to target homes for break-ins, and lawyers scour our social media for information to use against us in court. And the legal system isn't protecting usin the thousands of privacy violations brought to trial, judges often rule against the victims. Providing expert advice and leading the charge to secure our rights, Andrews proposes a Social Network Constitution to protect us all. Now is the time to join her and take actionthe very future of privacy is at stake. Log on to www.loriandrews. com to sign the Constitution for Web Privacy.
Inequality aversion and voting on redistribution☆

Some people have a concern for a fair distribution of incomes while others do not. Does such a concern matter for majority voting on redistribution? Fairness preferences are relevant for redistribution outcomes only if fair-minded voters are pivotal. Pivotality, in turn, depends on the structure of income classes. We experimentally study voting on redistribution between two income classes and show that the effect of inequality aversion is asymmetric. Inequality aversion is more likely to matter if the “rich” are in majority. With a “poor” majority, we find that redistribution outcomes look as if all voters were exclusively motivated by self-interest.
Time Domain Numerical Simulation for Transient Wave Equations on Reconfigurable Coprocessor Platform

A successful application-oriented reconfigurable coprocessor design requires not only a powerful FPGAbased computing engine along with suitable hardware architecture, but also an efficient algorithm designed specifically for this application. In this paper, we present our hardware architecture and numerical algorithm designed to speedup the time-domain finite-difference simulation of linear wave propagation problems in 2D and 3D space on FPGA-based reconfigurable platforms. Application fields of this work include seismic modeling and migration, computational electromagnetics, aeroacoustics, marine acoustics, to name a few. By writing first-order linear wave equations into second-order form, we halve the number of unknowns and simplify the treatment of parameters. We also adopt higher-order finite-difference (FD) schemes to further reduce the number of unknowns at the cost of increasing floating-point computations per discrete grid point. By doing so, we relief the bandwidth requirements between the FPGA and onboard memories but put more burden on the computing engine to take full advantage of FPGA’s computational potentials. The speed of our design implemented on a Xilinx ML401 Virtex-4 evaluation platform is about 4~10 times faster than a pure software implementation of the same algorithm running on a 3.0GHz DELL workstation. This impressive result is mainly attributed to the memory architecture design, which is well-tuned for our numerical higher-order FD algorithms and can utilize limited onboard memory bandwidth more wisely. Furthermore, the good scalability of our design makes it compatible with most commercial reconfigurable coprocessor platforms and correspondingly, the performance would be proportional to their onboard memory bandwidth.
Sparsity based super-resolution in optical measurements

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method of exploiting prior knowledge of a signal's sparsity to perform super-resolution in various optical measurements, including: single-shot sub-wavelength Coherent Diffractive Imaging (CDI), i.e. algorithmic object reconstruction from Fourier amplitude measurements, and ultra-fast pulse measurement, i.e. exceeding the temporal resolution imposed by the rise time of the photodiode. The prior knowledge of the signal's sparsity compensates for the loss of phase information and the loss of high spatial frequencies in the case of CDI, and for the loss of temporal frequencies accompanying the photodiode measurement process.
N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid suppresses Akt activity through protein phosphatase in retinal ganglion cells.

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between Akt activity and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death induced by N-Methyl-D-Aspartic acid (NMDA) in the rat retina. METHODS Two microlitres of 1, 10, 50, 100, or 200 mM NMDA, or vehicle was injected into the vitreous cavity of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=125). Retinal damage was estimated by counting ganglion cells labeled with fluorochrome and retinal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL. Akt activity was determined by immunohistochemical analysis with a specific antibody to the activated (phosphorylated) form of Akt. To investigate the mechanism of dephosphorylation of Akt, Okadaic acid, a potent protein phosphatase inhibitor, was injected 1 h before NMDA injury and accessed the number of phosphorylated Akt positive cells 1 h after NMDA injection. To stimulate Akt activity in the retina, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was injected into the vitreous 15 min before NMDA injection. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a reduction in phosphorylated Akt in RGCs and amacrine cells one hour after NMDA injury. The RGCs and amacrine cells showed TUNEL positivity at 6 h and a decrease in cell number at 7 days after NMDA injury. No other cells in the retina stained positive with phosphorylated Akt antibody and TUNEL. Okadaic acid prevented the dephosphorylation of Akt by NMDA. The exogenous administration of BDNF prevented the dephosphorylation of Akt in N-Shc/ShcC-positive RGCs and significantly suppressed the NMDA-induced RGC death. CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that Akt is one of the key signaling proteins in RGC death induced by NMDA, and that the presence of N-Shc/ShcC enhances BDNF-mediated neuroprotection via phosphorylated Akt. The regulation of phosphorylated Akt by growth factors and protein phosphatase activity may play an important role in cell fate following NMDA injury. Thus, an increase in phosphorylated Akt may have potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of glutamate-related disease.
Low-Overhead Cooperative Detection of False Sensor Readings

A key problem for multi-robot teams is to correctly perceive features in their environment. When sensors of individual robots provide incorrect information, the team should not unnecessarily waste resources acting on the incorrect information. In this paper we propose a novel approach to cooperatively finding false sensor readings in domains such as rescue response. Our approach uses three key ideas. First, we use decision-theoretic reasoning to explicitly and continuously balance the benefits and costs of acting, considering the current estimate that a sensor reading was wrong. Second, assumptions underlying joint actions are attached to coordination messages, giving team mates an opportunity to refute those assumptions, if required. This process consistently reduces the communication overhead needed to detect incorrect sensor readings. Finally, we allow robots to use previously made sensor readings to provide arguments for or against current assumptions allowing the team to leverage the sensing it has already performed. Results in a simulation environment show that the approach is efficient, lightweight and reliable.
Development of a mathematical model for solar module in photovoltaic systems

A mathematical model of a solar module is presented. This model takes into account solar model temperature and solar radiation. The experimental data of a solar module under natural environment condition (NEC) have been obtained to determine the model parameters. The experimental results are compared with those calculated by using a mathematical model. It shows that the mathematical model accurately simulates the current-voltage characteristics of the solar module under the NEC and therefore is suitable for photovoltaic system design and performance analysis.
Approaches to Formal Verification of Security Protocols

In recent times, many protocols have been proposed to provide security for various information and communication systems. Such protocols must be tested for their functional correctness before they are used in practice. Application of formal methods for verification of security protocols would enhance their reliability thereby, increasing the usability of systems that employ them. Thus, formal verification of security protocols has become a key issue in computer and communications security. In this paper we present, analyze and compare some prevalent approaches towards verification of secure systems. We follow the notion of - same goal through different approaches - as we formally analyze the Needham Schroeder Public Key protocol for Lowe's attack using each of our presented approaches.
Remarks on vacuum fluctuations around a spinning cosmic string

We apply the point-splitting method to investigate vacuum fluctuations in the nonglobally hyperbolic background of a spinning cosmic string. Implementing renormalization by removing the Minkowski contribution it is shown that although the Green function in the literature satisfies the usual Green function equation, it leads to pathological physical results. 04.70. Dy, 04.62. +v
Service-variable multidimensional DS/CDMA systems

A general DS/CDMA system for support of wireless multimedia services is proposed, which can unify several different existing multi-code systems. We use a code, which we refer to as a "mapping code", to help form a multidimensional signal constellation. Performance analysis is presented for the system with a particular class of mapping codes known as bipolar constant weight codes, based on the assumption of Gaussian multiple access interference. Numerical results are given to show the effects of system configuration, data rate, threshold level, etc.
The economics of electronics industry : competitive dynamics and industrial organization

This entry highlights fundamental changes in the electronics industry that have transformed its competitive dynamics and industrial organization: a high and growing knowledge intensity; the rapid pace of change in technologies and markets; and extensive globalization. That explosive mixture of forces has created two inter-related puzzles. The first puzzle is that a high degree of globalization may well go hand in hand with high and increasing concentration. This runs counter to the dominant view, based on the assumption of neo-classical trade theory, that globalization will increase competition and hence will act as a powerful equalizer both among nations and among firms. Multinational corporations, after all, may not be such effective "spoilers of concentration", as claimed by Richard Caves (1982). The second related puzzle is that this industry fails to act like a stable global oligopoly, even when concentration is extremely high: a market positions are highly volatile, new entry is possible, and not even market leaders can count on a guaranteed survival.
Cortical superficial siderosis and intracerebral hemorrhage risk in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Objective: To investigate whether cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) on MRI, especially if disseminated (involving more than 3 sulci), increases the risk of future symptomatic lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Methods: European multicenter cohort study of 118 patients with CAA (104 with baseline symptomatic lobar ICH) diagnosed according to the Boston criteria. We obtained baseline clinical, MRI, and follow-up data on symptomatic lobar ICH. Using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses, we investigated cSS and ICH risk, adjusting for known confounders. Results: During a median follow-up time of 24 months (interquartile range 9–44 months), 23 of 118 patients (19.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.8%–27.8%) experienced symptomatic lobar ICH. Any cSS and disseminated cSS were predictors of time until first or recurrent ICH (log-rank test: p = 0.0045 and p = 0.0009, respectively). ICH risk at 4 years was 25% (95% CI: 7.6%–28.3%) for patients without siderosis; 28.9% (95% CI: 7.7%–76.7%) for patients with focal siderosis; and 74% (95% CI: 44.1%–95.7%) for patients with disseminated cSS (log-rank test: p = 0.0031). In Cox regression models, any cSS and disseminated cSS were both independently associated with increased lobar ICH risk, after adjusting for ≥2 microbleeds and age (hazard ratio: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.05–6.15; p = 0.040 and hazard ratio: 3.16; 95% CI: 1.35–7.43; p = 0.008, respectively). These results remained consistent in sensitivity analyses including only patients with symptomatic lobar ICH at baseline. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that cSS, particularly if disseminated, is associated with an increased risk of symptomatic lobar ICH in CAA. cSS may help stratify future bleeding risk in CAA, with implications for prognosis and treatment.
TIMI Frame Count and Adverse Events in Women with No Obstructive Coronary Disease: A Pilot Study from the NHLBI-Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE)

Background TIMI frame count (TFC) predicts outcomes in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD); it remains unclear whether TFC predicts outcomes in patients without obstructive CAD. Methods TFC was determined in a sample of women with no obstructive CAD enrolled in the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Because TFC is known to be higher in the left anterior descending artery (LAD), TFC determined in the LAD was divided by 1.7 to provide a corrected TFC (cTFC). Results A total of 298 women, with angiograms suitable for TFC analysis and long-term (6–10 year) follow up data, were included in this sub-study. Their age was 55±11 years, most were white (86%), half had a history of smoking, and half had a history of hypertension. Higher resting cTFC was associated with a higher rate of hospitalization for angina (34% in women with a cTFC >35, 15% in women with a cTFC ≤35, P<0.001). cTFC provided independent prediction of hospitalization for angina after adjusting for many baseline characteristics. In this cohort, resting cTFC was not predictive of major events (myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or all-cause death), cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, or cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions In women with signs and symptoms of ischemia but no obstructive CAD, resting cTFC provides independent prediction of hospitalization for angina. Larger studies are required to determine if resting TFC is predictive of major events in patients without obstructive coronary artery disease.