Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimating development effort in Free/Open source software projects by mining software repositories: a case study of OpenStack

Because of the distributed and collaborative nature of free / open source software (FOSS) projects, the development effort invested in a project is usually unknown, even after the software has been released. However, this information is becoming of major interest, especially ---but not only--- because of the growth in the number of companies for which FOSS has become relevant for their business strategy. In this paper we present a novel approach to estimate effort by considering data from source code management repositories. We apply our model to the OpenStack project, a FOSS project with more than 1,000 authors, in which several tens of companies cooperate. Based on data from its repositories and together with the input from a survey answered by more than 100 developers, we show that the model offers a simple, but sound way of obtaining software development estimations with bounded margins of error.
Comparison of different extraction methods of small-signal parameters for SOI MOSFETs.

For the first time, a comparison is made between different equivalent circuits and different extraction procedures using simulated and measured Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) MOSFETs. The methods, which will be described, are divided into three categories: the depletion methods, the inversion methods also called cold-FET methods and the saturation methods. Moreover, a novel technique will be presented for the extraction of parasitic capacitances of a MOSFET in deep depletion.
Levels of significance attributed to musical and non-musical factors of individual difference by classroom music teachers

This study explores the relative significance attached to musical and non-musical factors of individual difference when rated by a group of secondary school music teachers in the contexts of teaching approaches and attainment outcomes. Participants completed two Q-sorts in which 20 statements reflecting both high and low characteristics on ten factors of individual difference were rated according to perceived significance. Results suggest that music teachers may believe non-musical factors to be of greater significance, both in terms of influencing their teaching approaches and in determining the outcomes of teaching, than musical factors.
Influence and promotability: the importance of female political skill

Purpose – The current paper seeks to bring the political perspective to gender differences in promotion decisions, a phenomenon with great longevity in research and practice. Specifically, the degree to which gender role‐congruent and counterstereotypical influence behavior is related to liking as moderated by political skill.Design/methodology/approach – Using a sample of n=136, these hypotheses were tested in retail organizations in the Northeast and Southwest.Findings – Political skill significantly moderates the relationship between ingratiation and liking, such that use of ingratiation was positively related to liking when women were high in political skill. However, the relationship between assertiveness and liking was unchanged by political skill level and was unrelated to liking. Liking was consistently found to be positively related to promotability ratings.Research limitations/implications – Questionnaire data collection is used exclusively; however, the subordinate and supervisor data were coll.
The role of α-acidic glycoprotein in formation of bleeding abnormalities in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.

AIM To compare glycoforms of alpha-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with hepatic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS 110 patients with MPN (31 with polycythaemia vera (PV), 75 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF), 4 with essential thrombocythemia (ET)) were examined. 92 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of lower extremities and 10 healthy people comprised the control. AGP concentration in blood serum was determined by rocket electrophoresis and affinity chromatography. The carbohydrate moiety of AGP was studied by lectin blotting with panel comprising eight lectins. The total content of sialic acids and the type of chemical linkage with galactose were determined. RESULTS High-molecular fragments of AGP detected in MPN (MM 68, 84, and 126 kDa) have been shown as deriving from leukocytes with glycan moiety identified as neutrophilic component. In MPN with thrombotic complications, AGP fragments with MM 84 and 126 kDa prevailed with hypersialic components suggesting the leukocyte component (originated from polymorphonuclear neutrophils) as the principal element in the development of thrombotic complications. Furthermore, in MPN with thrombotic complications, strong direct correlation was established between high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein on the one hand and high-molecular fragments of AGP with MM 84 and 126 kDa on the other hand. AGP level depended on primary diagnosis: in PV AGP level decreased, PMF (leukocytosis > 20 G/l) was characterized by normal level of AGP due to neutrophilic component. In MPN, glycosylation of AGP was reduced due to the N-glycans. Increase in the amount of branched glycans and sialylation of AGP in MPN seemed to originate from the high activity of neutrophils. CONCLUSION It is determined that the deficiency of platelets and leucocytes function plays an important role in progression of myeloproliferative syndrome with myelofibrosis formation.
Critical thresholds in a quasilinear hyperbolic model of blood flow

Critical threshold phenomena in a one dimensional quasi-linear hyperbolic model of blood flow with viscous damping are investigated. We prove global in time regularity and finite time singularity formation of solutions simultaneously by showing the critical threshold phenomena associated with the blood flow model. New results are obtained showing that the class of data that leads to global smooth solutions includes the data with negative initial Riemann invariant slopes and that the magnitude of the negative slope is not necessarily small, but it is determined by the magnitude of the viscous damping. For the data that leads to shock formation, we show that shock formation is delayed due to viscous damping.
Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of recombinant UreB229-561 from Helicobacter pylori

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a widely distributed gram negative bacterium that infects the human stomach and duodenum. Some antibiotic regimens are subjected to cure the infection but the cost of drugs, poor patient compliance and emerging of antibiotic-resistant strains are limiting the usefulness of these antibiotic therapies. Therefore, interest in a H. pylori vaccine is growing up rapidly. Materials and methods: We selected a fragment of B subunit of H. pylori urease enzyme consist of four important epitopes, involving in elevating host immune responses. This 1070bp fragment was amplified by PCR from genomic DNA isolated from H. pylori 22596 and then cloned into the pET28a expression vector. UreB229-561 was expressed and then affinity-purified by Ni2+-Sepharose resin. The recombinant UreB229-561 was reacted with the serum of H. pylori-infected human and rabbit anti-H. pylori polyclonal antibody in western-blot analysis. Results: Having transformed competent E.coli DH5α with ligation product of digested ureB fragment and pET28a, plasmid extraction from single colonies appeared in LB-agar plate after 18-24 h incubation at 37°C, using plasmid extraction kit (Bioneer, Korea). Applying both infected human serum and rabbit anti-H. pylori polyclonal antibody, brown strip corresponding to the location of the recombinant protein appeared on PVDF membrane after adding DAB solution, hence confirming the antigenicity of the protein. This recombinant fragment showed urease activity. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that a prokaryotic expression system of rUreB229-561 was successfully constructed. The results of SDS-PAGE showed that our constructed prokaryotic expression system pET28a- ureB229-561 -BL21DE3 efficiently produces target recombinant protein in the form of dissoluble inclusion body. Therefore we can suggest that these epitopes can effectively be a vaccine candidate.
Trust, benefit, satisfaction, and burden: a randomized controlled trial to reduce cancer risk through African-American churches.

BACKGROUND Community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches that actively engage communities in a study are assumed to lead to relevant findings, trusting relationships, and greater satisfaction with the research process. OBJECTIVE To examine community members' perceptions of trust, benefit, satisfaction, and burden associated with their participation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A randomized controlled trial tested a cancer prevention intervention in members of African-American churches. Data were collected at baseline and 1-year follow-up. MEASUREMENTS Subscales measured perception of trust in the research project and the project team, benefit from involvement with the project, satisfaction with the project and the team, and perception of burden associated with participation. MAIN RESULTS Overall, we found high levels of trust, perceived benefit, and satisfaction, and low perceived burden among community members in Partnership to Reach African Americans to Increase Smart Eating. In bivariate analyses, participants in the intervention group reported more perceived benefit and trust (P <.05). Participants in smaller churches reported more benefit, satisfaction and trust, while participants from churches without recent health activities perceived greater benefit, greater satisfaction, and lower burden with the project and the team (P <.05). Participants whose pastors had less educational attainment noted higher benefit and satisfaction; those whose pastors were making personal lifestyle changes noted higher benefit and satisfaction, but also reported higher burden (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS A randomized clinical trial designed with a CBPR approach was associated with high levels of trust and a perceived benefit of satisfaction with the research process. Understanding variations in responses to a research partnership will be helpful in guiding the design and implementation of future CBPR efforts.
Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Leaf Essential Oils of Six Species of Annonaceae from Monteverde, Costa Rica

The leaf essential oils of six members of the Annonaceae from Monteverde, Costa Rica ( Desmopsis bibracteata , Desmopsis microcarpa , Guatteria costaricensis , Guatteria diospyroides , Guatteria oliviformis , and Unonopsis costaricensis ) have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS in order to compare and contrast the volatile chemical compositions of these species. The essential oils were screened for in-vitro cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 and Hs 578T human breast tumor cells, and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus , Staphylococcus aureus , and Escherichia coli . The principal components of D. bibracteata were germacrene D (29.9%), ( E)-caryophyllene (11.5%), and � -cadinene (9.2%). D. microcarpa was dominated by bicyclogermacrene (45.5%) and germacrene D (28.3%). G. costaricensis was rich in �- and �-pinenes (36.3% and 48.2%, respectively). The leaf oil of G. diospyroides was composed largely of germacrene D (46.4%), ( Z)-�-ocimene (17.4%), ( E)-�-ocimene (12.0%), and ( E)-caryophyllene (10.3%). Germacrene D dominated the leaf oil of G. oliviformis (73.3%) as well as U. costaricensis (62.9%). The leaf essential oils of D. bibracteata , G. diospyroides , G. oliviformis , and U. costaricensis , showed notable cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells ( ≥ 99% kill at 100 μg/mL) but only D. bibracteata leaf oil was cytotoxic to Hs 578T. D. bibracteata , G. diospyroides , G. oliviformis , and U. costaricensis leaf oils showed marginal antibacterial activity against B. cereus (MIC = 156 μg/mL). A cluster analysis of Guatteria species, based on the abundant essential oil components, has revealed a spathulenol-rich cluster (Brazilian species) and a germacrene D cluster (Costa Rican species).
A formal account of SSA in Java-like languages

Static Single Assignment (SSA) intermediate representation is widely used to optimize and compile code in imperative and object-oriented languages, but it can also be useful for static type analysis. We introduce FJSSA, a Java-like imperative calculus supporting programs in SSA form; we define its big-step operational semantics, and a judgment to statically check whether a program is in SSA form, and prove its soundness. FJSSA provides a formal basis for type analysis of programs in SSA form in object-oriented languages.
Cascaded high-gain distributed amplifier configuration for enhanced gain-bandwidth product

An improved distributed amplifier configuration based on a cascade of high-gain distributed amplifiers is introduced and investigated in this paper. The cascaded high-gain amplifier offers a multiplicative gain characteristic against the number of stages N and thus gain-bandwidth enhancement. The cascade connection also enables the use of the tapered drain line technique with no idle termination for further gain improvement. Verification is provided through simulation using a 0.18 μm RF CMOS process.
New communication approaches vs. traditional communication

The study highlights some communication instances of actual approach of human society evolution in contrast with traditional communication. During the history of communication dates back to prehistory, with significant changes in communication technologies (media and appropriate inscription tools) evolving in tandem with shifts in political and economic systems, and by extension, systems of power (Innis, 1951), communication can range from very subtle processes of exchange, to full conversations and mass communication. Human communication was revolutionized with speech approximately 100,000 years ago, Symbols were developed about 30,000 years ago ( Diringer, 1982) and writing about 5000 years ago, with Aristotle defining first some metrics of communication, remarcable philosophers as Kant, Hegel, Witgestein, Haidegger, Gadamer developing basics of communication, then in XXth century, communication being defined as science, involving all sciences, whole world, because in fact “It is impossible not to communicate” (first axiom of communication). This evolution passed from simple messages, speeches, poems, novels to sophisticated discourses, reducing time response, emphasizing part of messaging, enlarging participation, media involving, persuasion techniques, sound and image in message, all of these convey to viral communication.
On Classifying the Political Sentiment of Tweets

For this project, we attempted to classify the political sentiment of tweets containing the case-insensitive string ‘Obama’ in an effort to automatically gauge the public opinion of US President Barack Obama. To accomplish this goal we investigated rule-based, supervised, and semi-supervised learning methods. Our main approach involved bootstrapping an ngram-feature-based maximum entropy classifier using label propagation to exploit relationships between ngrams, tweets, and users. To evaluate each of our approaches to this problem we measured the percent accuracy on a test set of roughly 2, 500 labeled tweets. We also did cross-correlation analysis of time series produced by our sentiment predictions, from a larger test set of roughly 550, 000 unlabeled tweets, and Gallup poll’s data on President’s job approval.
Theoretical analysis of adaptive noise reduction algorithms for hearing aids

This paper presents the theoretical analysis of 2 different adaptive noise reduction algorithms for twin-microphone hearing aids. A first noise reduction algorithm is based on a beamformer technique [1] and a second is based on optimal filtering and singular value decomposition (SVD) [2]. On the one hand, it is shown that the SVD-based technique gives a robust solution against unmatched microphone characteristics. On the other hand, the beamformer technique has a better robustness against voice activity detector (VAD) errors.
Psychological Perspectives on Entrepreneurship

Why are some entrepreneurs so much more successful than others in starting new companies—ones that create wealth for their societies as well as themselves? Growing evidence suggests that the answer involves the influence of both cognitive and social factors. Successful entrepreneurs appear to think differently than other persons in several respects (e.g., they are less likely to engage in counterfactual thinking but more likely to show overconfidence in their judgments). Similarly, successful entrepreneurs appear to be higher in social competence—the ability to interact effectively with others (e.g., they are better at social perception and adapting to new social situations). These results suggest that the principles and findings of psychology can be invaluable to researchers in the field of entrepreneurship, providing important insights into the factors that influence entrepreneurs' success.
Managing Time: The Effects of Personal Goal Setting on Resource Allocation Strategy and Task Performance

Abstract One key to understanding motivated behavior is examining the behavior of individuals as they work on multiple tasks under a time constraint. This article is an exploration of the influence of self-set goals on subsequent resource allocation to different tasks. Participants were given a variety of tasks from which they were to choose how to allocate their time and effort. Results indicated that the use of self-set goals structured the work pattern, with less switching between tasks relative to the work pattern of a group of participants who did not set goals. In addition, those who set goals reported less task-related cognitive interference, indicating that they were not as distracted while they worked. Participants who did not set goals, however, performed at a higher level on some of the tasks. It is suggested that self-set goals may often be chosen at an easily attainable level, creating a structured and focused work environment but not necessarily eliciting the motivational properties typically associated with goal setting.
Getting round obstacles: Disabled students' experiences in higher education in Scotland

ABSTRACT The findings of a study of the experiences of disabled students in higher education in Scotland are reported. Detailed information about policy and provision for disabled students was sought from all higher education institutions and 12 in-depth case studies of students were carried out. It is argued that disabled students face obstacles to their participation in five areas: the physical environment, access to information, entrance to higher education, assumptions of ‘normality˚s and levels of awareness. While support is available, in some cases students are being provided with assistance to get round obstacles that ideally should be removed. Acknowledgement is made of the positive steps that have been taken recently to improve access for disabled students, and the limitations of the current model of provision are discussed.
Stable Wage Distribution in Japan, 1982-2002: A Counter Example for SBTC?

Wage distribution has been nearly stable in Japan for the last two decades, contrary to findings in the US, Canada, and the UK. The change in wage distribution during this period was almost completely caused by a distributional change in worker attributes. This implies that skill prices were very stable between 1982 and 2002. Both demand and supply for skilled workers have increased because of skill-biased technological change (SBTC), a rise in the number of college-educated workers induced by educational policy changes, and the aging of the population. In the balance of shifts in demand and supply, the skill price has been stable. Industries that experienced rapid computerization also experienced workers' skill upgrading. We find evidence consistent with SBTC.
Systematic Review on Vitamin D Level in Apparently Healthy Indian Population and Analysis of Its Associated Factors

Background: Vitamin D which is involved in the maintenance of bone mineral homeostasis has been found to portray various pleiotropic effects. Although it has been widely accepted that serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D level above 30 ng/ml is considered optimal for the biological actions of Vitamin D, there is a need to explore the levels of Vitamin D reported among Indians from various regions of the country. Hence, this systematic review aims to appraise the status of Vitamin D levels reported from apparently healthy Indians across various parts of India. Methodology: A comprehensive literature search was carried out to identify the range of Vitamin D levels among apparently healthy individuals from various parts of India, with the search term “Vitamin D and India” in the search portals of PubMed, Google Scholar, Indmed, and ScienceDirect. A total of 2998 articles were retrieved by the above search strategy, of which only forty studies fulfilled the criteria to be included in the systematic review. Studies done in various states were compiled under the respective zones based on the classification of Indian zones as specified in Zonal maps of India. Results: The level of Vitamin D from all the forty included studies ranged from 3.15 ± 1.4 to 52.9 ± 33.7 ng/ml. The effect size of Vitamin D level was higher in the South Zone compared to other zones. Conclusion: The present study shows that Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among apparently healthy Indians living in different regions of India, irrespective of their exposure to sunlight.
Socially-mediated syntactic alignment

Abstract When we interact with one another, we tend to align our behaviors, including the way we talk. Psycholinguistic work has conceptualized alignment as the result of automatic cognitive mechanisms that operate to facilitate processing and communication. Sociolinguistic work has focused on the role of social identity and interactional strategy in explaining linguistic alignment. We draw on these two largely distinct traditions to investigate socially mediated syntactic alignment with the goal of understanding how social perception and cognition influence the mechanisms involved in alignment. A novel web-based paradigm was employed to collect speech data from a large socially heterogeneous sample. Participants listened to one of three speakers, each with a different accent, deliver an ideologically charged diatribe. Participants then completed a picture description task to assess the degree of syntactic alignment. Finally, participants completed a comprehensive social questionnaire designed to assess a wide range of social dimensions, which were tested as predictors of alignment. Our results suggest that syntactic alignment is to some extent automatic, but socially mediated. We found an overall alignment effect across social conditions and independent of social perceptions. However, the degree of alignment was influenced by a number of factors, including the perceived standardness of the passage speaker's accent, participants' perceived similarity to the speaker, and participants' preference for compromise as a conflict management style. These findings are discussed in terms of theories of linguistic alignment and speech production.