Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building multicast trees for multimedia streaming in heterogeneous P2P networks

P2P networks have been proposed as a scalable, inexpensive solution to the problem of distributing multimedia content over the Internet. Since real P2P systems exhibit considerable heterogeneity in hardware, software and network connections, the design of P2P streaming networks must factor in this variation. There are two different sources of heterogeneity in P2P networks. Most existing work in the literature handle heterogeneity among receivers and requirements by the use of different multimedia encodings of the same content. In this paper we focus on the problems caused by heterogeneity in the network delays connecting receivers to the sender We assume that there is a single multicast tree and a single video stream. We propose new algorithms for building multicast trees for multimedia streaming in heterogeneous P2P networks. Our algorithms differ in the amount of communication and computational resources they require. We compare the performance (using simulations) of our algorithms with an existing Zigzag algorithm. Our results show that two of our algorithms ( FollowTree-Landmark-II algorithm and FollowTree algorithm) significantly outperform Zigzag.
An alternative real-time filter scheme to block buffering

This paper presents a real-time filter scheme to facilitate the block buffering to reduce the power consumption without delay penalty. Our scheme consists of a new register design, called content-change-aware (CCA) register. By embedding the detection logic in the register, the CCA register is able to sense out the difference between the coming value and the current stored value. This property can be used to accurately filter out all the redundant accesses to the large storage in real-time. Applying the proposed CCA register to the TLB/cache with a single block buffer, the experimental results show that our design can dramatically reduce the average power consumption per TLB/cache access as achieved by using the block buffering, but without compromise of system performance.
Spurious or True? An Exploration of Antecedents and Simultaneity of Job Performance and Job Satisfaction Across the Sectors

The purpose of this study is to test differences and similarities of the public, private, and nonprofit sector employees by examining the antecedents and simultaneity of job satisfaction and job performance. The results, assessed by seemingly unrelated regression, showed that job satisfaction positively affects job performance, or vice versa. Explanatory variables such as goal ambiguity, leader–member exchange, and so forth also exerted significant effects on the outcome variables across three sectors. This study extends to explain the similarity and difference of three sectors based on the criteria of the values in common, outcome variation, task characteristics, and sector contexts.
Energy level alignment at organic heterojunctions : Role of the charge neutrality level

We present a mechanism that explains the energy-level alignment at organic-organic sOOd semiconductor heterojunctions. Following our work on metal/organic interfaces, we extend the concepts of charge neutrality level sCNLd and induced density of interface states to OO interfaces, and propose that the energy-level alignment is driven by the alignment of the CNLs of the two organic semiconductors. The initial offset between the CNLs gives rise to a charge transfer across the interface, which induces an interface dipole and tends to align the CNLs. The initial CNL difference is reduced according to the screening factor S, a quantity related to the dielectric functions of the organic materials. Good quantitative agreement with experiment is found. Our model thus provides a simple and intuitive, yet general, explanation of the energy-level alignment at organic semiconductor heterojunctions.
The bent conformation of poly(A)-binding protein induced by RNA-binding is required for its translational activation function

ABSTRACT A recent study revealed that poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) bound to poly(A) RNA exhibits a sharply bent configuration at the linker region between RNA-recognition motif 2 (RRM2) and RRM3, whereas free PABP exhibits a highly flexible linear configuration. However, the physiological role of the bent structure of mRNA-bound PABP remains unknown. We investigated a role of the bent structure of PABP by constructing a PABP variant that fails to form the poly(A)-dependent bent structure but maintains its poly(A)-binding activity. We found that the bent structure of PABP/poly(A) complex is required for PABP's efficient interaction with eIF4G and eIF4G/eIF4E complex. Moreover, the mutant PABP had compromised translation activation function and failed to augment the formation of 80S translation initiation complex in an in vitro translation system. These results suggest that the bent conformation of PABP, which is induced by the interaction with 3′ poly(A) tail, mediates poly(A)-dependent translation by facilitating the interaction with eIF4G and the eIF4G/eIF4E complex. The preferential binding of the eIF4G/eIF4E complex to the bent PABP/poly(A) complex seems to be a mechanism discriminating the mRNA-bound PABPs participating in translation from the idling mRNA-unbound PABPs.
Cold and warm dust along a merging galaxy sequence

We investigate the cold and warm dust properties during galaxy interactions using a merging galaxy sample ordered into a chronological sequence from pre- to post-mergers. Our sample comprises a total of 29 merging systems selected to have far-infrared and submillimetre observations. The submillimetre data are mainly culled from the literature, while for five galaxies (NGC 3597, 3690, 6090, 6670 and 7252) the submillimetre observations are presented here for the first time. We use the 100- to 850-μm flux density ratio, f 100 / f 850 , as a proxy for the mass fraction of the warm and cold dust in these systems. We find evidence for an increase in f 100 / f 850 along the merging sequence from early to advanced mergers, and interpret this trend as an increase of the warm relative to the cold dust mass. We argue that the two key parameters affecting the f 100 / f 850 flux ratio is the star formation rate and the dust content of individual systems relative to the stars. Using a sophisticated model for the absorption and re-emission of the stellar ultraviolet radiation by dust, we show that these parameters can indeed explain both the increase and the observed scatter in f 100 / f 850 along the merging galaxy sequence. We also discuss our results under the hypothesis that elliptical galaxies are formed via disc galaxy mergers.
Models and treatment relapse and a pilot prevention intervention

Children and young people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often present problem behaviours such as aggression and disruption. These behaviours can be successfully treated using Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA). Unfortunately, despite effective treatment, the relapse of problem behaviour is common, especially when treatment integrity is not maintained. Behavioural Momentum Theory (BMT) suggests that the relapse of problem behaviour is likely to be greater if the behaviour has been reinforced at high rates. Chapter 1 provides an introduction into BMT, treatment relapse, and role-play training and its effect on treatment integrity. Chapter 2 presents a more detailed discussion of BMT and a review of three treatment relapse models (i.e., reinstatement, resurgence and renewal). Chapter 3 reports the results of two reinstatement and resurgence experiments that evaluated the effects of alternating rates of reinforcement on attention-maintained problem behaviour presented by a 16-year-old male with IDD. The two experiments demonstrated that that high rates of reinforcement can lead to greater magnitudes of treatment relapse. Chapter 4 describes a renewal experiment, again using alternating rates of reinforcement, that demonstrated similar findings. Chapter 5 reports the results of a long-term staff training programme that demonstrated that residential staff maintained high levels of treatment integrity following role-play training based on standardised scenarios than staff who received training via traditional methods. Chapter 6 discusses the implications of BMT and treatment relapse for practitioners and provides suggestions for future research.
Semantic-Based Information Retrieval for Java Learning Management System

Article history: This paper discusses the ontology-based retrieval system and indexing for keyword- based semantics in the Java learning content domain. The traditional keyword searching mechanism has been unable to meet the needs of current expert knowledge base in searching based on semantic. Semantic search has been one of the motivations of the Semantic Web since it was envisioned. The system focuses on semantic search, usability, scalability, and data retrieval performance. The system uses specific domain information extraction to improve its performance, provide matchmaking to users, and subsequently rank search results. Scalability is achieved by adapting the semantic indexing approach. The implementation of the system involved Semantic Web approach. The performance of this approach was evaluated in comparison with traditional system approach. Detailed evaluation is provided to observe performance by query expansion and specific information extraction.
Microstrip SIW patch antenna design for X Band Application

In this paper, designs of both circular and octagonal microstrip patch antennas are presented on the Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) for X- Band Applications. Both antennas are modelled and simulated using the full -wave simulator CST MWS. It can be concluded that the proposed antenna designs are able to achieve high gain and directivity with the miniature, compact, light, cost effective and easy to fabricate structures.
A Subtle Alternative Splicing Event Gives Rise to a Widely Expressed Human RNase k Isoform

Subtle alternative splicing leads to the formation of RNA variants lacking or including a small number of nucleotides. To date, the impact of subtle alternative splicing phenomena on protein biosynthesis has been studied in frame-preserving incidents. On the contrary, mRNA isoforms derived from frame-shifting events were poorly studied and generally characterized as non-coding. This work provides evidence for a frame-shifting subtle alternative splicing event which results in the production of a novel protein isoform. We applied a combined molecular approach for the cloning and expression analysis of a human RNase κ transcript (RNase κ-02) which lacks four consecutive bases compared to the previously isolated RNase κ isoform. RNase κ-02 mRNA is expressed in all human cell lines tested end encodes the synthesis of a 134-amino-acid protein by utilizing an alternative initiation codon. The expression of RNase κ-02 in the cytoplasm of human cells was verified by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis using a specific polyclonal antibody developed on the basis of the amino-acid sequence difference between the two protein isoforms. The results presented here show that subtle changes during mRNA splicing can lead to the expression of significantly altered protein isoforms.
Changing Small-Group Communication Networks

In a series of small-group communication network studies using the Bavelas-Leavitt procedure the following observations were made: (1) Groups continued to learn over longer periods than previous studies of periods of shorter duration had revealed. (2) Differences in antecedent network experiences led to differences in efficiency, organization, and satisfaction in identical subsequent networks. (3) More efficient problem-solving systems were developed, the more groups tried to understand their network structure, and the more they eliminated redundant organizational planning behavior; changes in satisfactions occurred when changes in positions involved issues of promotion and demotion. (4) The opportunity to have elections led to greater continuity of leadership when networks were changed. (5) A model comprising assertions about human response tendencies and network properties was useful for predicting the effects of changes. (6) A prediction regarding the effects of past experience based on the model was confirmed. ' Arthur M. Cohen is assistant professor of behavioral sciences in the Department of Management, Case Institute of Technology.
Stellar rotation: Evidence for a large horizontal turbulence and its effects on evolution

We derive a new expression for the coefficient Dh of diffusion by horizontal turbulence in rotating stars. This new estimate can be up to two orders of magnitude larger than that given by a previous expression. As a consequence the differential rotation on an equipotential is found to be very small, which reinforces Zahn's hypothesis of shellular rotation. The role of the so-called µ-currents, as well as the driving of circulation, are reduced by the large horizontal turbulence. Stellar evolutionary models for a 20 Mstar are calculated with the new coefficient. The new and large Dh tends to limit the size of the convective core and at the same time it largely favours the diffusion of helium and nitrogen to the surface of rotating OB stars, a feature supported by recent observations.
Effect of ethanol and formate radicals on erythrocyte membrane proteins.

PURPOSE The effect of ethanol and formate radicals on the major proteins of human erythrocyte membranes has been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human erythrocyte ghosts and of erythrocyte ghosts stripped of peripheric proteins were irradiated in phosphate buffer with 100 mmol dm(-3) ethanol or 100 mmol dm(-3) formate under N2 or N2O. The alterations of the proteins were investigated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and high-performance gel permeation chromatography. RESULTS In contrast to previous results on ribonuclease and on serum albumin the ethanol radicals were found to have a higher efficiency to damage erythrocyte membrane proteins than the formate radicals. Spectrin (Bands 1 and 2) and capnophorin (Band 3) showed the highest radiation-induced loss of all membrane proteins. When cysteamine or dithiothreitol were added to the erythrocyte ghosts with a similar OH-scavenging capacity as ethanol or formate, no degradation or aggregation of the membrane proteins could be observed even after a dose as high as 1800 Gy. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirm the high radiosensitivity of spectrin and capnophorin to primary radicals. Similarly to soluble proteins, membrane-associated proteins are more significantly damaged by ethanol radicals than by formate radicals.
Concept-Based Feature Generation and Selection for Information Retrieval

Traditional information retrieval systems use query words to identify relevant documents. In difficult retrieval tasks, however, one needs access to a wealth of background knowledge. We present a method that uses Wikipedia-based feature generation to improve retrieval performance. Intuitively, we expect that using extensive world knowledge is likely to improve recall but may adversely affect precision. High quality feature selection is necessary to maintain high precision, but here we do not have the labeled training data for evaluating features, that we have in supervised learning. We present a new feature selection method that is inspired by pseudorelevance feedback. We use the top-ranked and bottom-ranked documents retrieved by the bag-of-words method as representative sets of relevant and non-relevant documents. The generated features are then evaluated and filtered on the basis of these sets. Experiments on TREC data confirm the superior performance of our method compared to the previous state of the art.
From non-homogeneous stabilizing control laws to tracking of constrained discrete-time linear systems

A new tracking controller design path for discrete-time linear systems is proposed in this paper. It combines previous solutions based on interpolation methods and reference governors, yielding a tracking controller which exhibits the best qualities of the two approaches, i.e., local performance of the reference governor and efficient constraint avoidance of the interpolation based methods. As a result, the tracking control law can inherit non-homogeneity and discontinuity of the nominal stabilizing controller to achieve high-performance and still keep stability guarantees. The approach is illustrated on a buck power converter example, where the tracking control law is inferred from a non-homogeneous and discontinuous stabilizing controller.
Scalable Name Disambiguation using Multi-level Graph Partition

When non-unique values are used as the identifier of entities, due to their homonym, confusion can occur. In particular, when (part of) “names” of entities are used as their identifier, the problem is often referred to as the name disambiguation problem, where goal is to sort out the erroneous entities due to name homonyms (e.g., if only last name is used as the identifier, one cannot distinguish “Vannevar Bush” from “George Bush”). In this paper, in particular, we study the scalability issue of the name disambiguation problem – when (1) a small number of entities with large contents or (2) a large number of entities get un-distinguishable due to homonyms, how to resolve it? We first carefully examine two of the state-of-the-art solutions to the name disambiguation problem, and point out their limitations with respect to scalability. Then, we adapt the multi-level graph partition technique to solve the large-scale name disambiguation problem. Our claim is empirically validated via experimentation – our proposal shows orders of magnitude improvement in terms of performance while maintaining equivalent or reasonable accuracy compared to competing solutions.
Reduced global genomic repair of ultraviolet light–induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in simian virus 40–transformed human cells

The p53 tumor‐suppressor gene has been implicated in the inducible activation of excision repair of ultraviolet (UV)‐induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) in human cells. Because the large T antigen (LTAg) of the simian virus 40 (SV40) binds p53 protein and can interfere with its function, it was of interest to study DNA repair in normal human fibroblasts that had been transformed by SV40 compared with that in their nontransformed parental counterparts and to determine whether such transformation attenuated global genomic repair (GGR) of CPDs. Three methods were used to measure GGR in UV‐irradiated cells: (i) an immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies specific for CPDs or 6‐4 photoproducts (6‐4PPs), (ii) zone sedimentation in alkaline sucrose gradients to measure the average DNA strand size after specific nicking at CPD sites in duplex DNA with T4 endonuclease V (TEV), and (iii) Southern hybridization of TEV‐treated DNA with strand‐specific mRNA probes to assess removal of CPDs from either strand of a defined genetic sequence in an expressed gene. Whereas repair of 6‐4PPs was very similar in paired SV40‐transformed and primary fibroblasts, GGR of CPDs was significantly reduced in the SV40‐transformed cells. In contrast, SV40 transformation did not appreciably affect the efficiency of transcription‐coupled repair. These data support the hypothesis that SV40 transformation can result in reduced levels of GGR, most likely because of the inhibition of normal p53 function by LTAg. Mol. Carcinog. 29:17–24, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psicoanálisis y derecho: elementos para una crítica lacaniana de la ideología jurídica

:This paper seeks to explain a new way of carrying out the critique of the juridical ideology, inspired in the Lacanian teaching. After noticing the importance of the study of the Law as a form, the avoidance of the fascination for its hidden content s promoted, driving the legal analysis to look the juridical form as such. In this context, warning is made in relation to the constitutively divided character of Law, this means the presence of a negativity inherent to its structure that, nevertheless, enables the approach of The Political in the juridical. It also proposes a symptomatic approach to the juridical form capable of taking account of the signs of the irruptions of The Real of the antagonism in the juridical form. Finally, it points out the Lacanian notion of fantasma as a key concept in order to understand the juridical-ideological operations by means of which the individuals are affectively subjected in the repetition of de dominant order of things.
Prenatal growth, postnatal growth and trait anxiety in late adulthood – the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study

Lahti J, Räikkönen K, Pesonen A‐K, Heinonen K, Kajantie E, Forsén T, Osmond C, Barker DJP, Eriksson JG. Prenatal growth, postnatal growth and trait anxiety in late adulthood – the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study.
Social media and senior citizen advocacy: an inclusive tool to resist ageism?

With population aging, interest groups demand that governments act to prevent a perceived financial crisis. Senior citizens remain frustrated in their efforts to influence the response of policy-makers. In an effort to strengthen their voice, one group of senior citizens, engaged in a participatory action research project, questioned how online social media could be used in their advocacy efforts. This query led to an examination of the literature with the primary objective of determining what is known about the use of social media by senior citizens for the purposes of social advocacy. The outcomes of the review revealed that very few studies specifically examined this question. Senior citizen online roles were depicted as consumers of health information or socializers with family and friends. Ageist assumptions informed the design of computer hardware, online formats and norms for social engagement. Senior citizens have concerns about the trustworthiness of social networking sites and while social media can exclude senior citizens from public debate, the authors conclude that the pressing issue is to focus on age-friendly design and supports. With these in place, social media can provide a venue for senior citizens to challenge ageism and influence public policy discourses.
EvAnT: Analysis and Checking of Event Traces for Wireless Sensor Networks

Testing and verification methodologies for wireless sensor networks (WSN) systems in pre-deployment are vital for a successful deployment. Increased visibility of the internal state of a WSN application is established by instrumenting the application for logging execution traces at runtime. While the interpretation of the event traces is application-specific, a common method for analysis can be devised. This method should allow for a concise formulation of explorative queries to determine the occurrence and the cause of functional or performance problems. The contribution of this paper is an event analysis methodology that is implemented in the EvAnT framework. EvAnT allows for specifying queries that are executed on the collected traces. EvAnT is specifically tailored to WSN testing and debugging. We demonstrate the applicability of EvAnT by a case study in a building monitoring project.