Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Run-time prediction and preemption of configuration attacks on embedded process controllers

Embedded electronics are widely used in cyber-physical process control systems (PCSes), which tightly integrate and coordinate computational and physical elements. PCSes have safety-critical applications, such as the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems used in industrial control infrastructure, or the flight control systems used in commercial aircraft. Perimeter security and air gap approaches to preventing malware infiltration of PCSes are challenged by the complexity of modern networked control systems incorporating numerous heterogeneous and updatable components such as standard personal computing platforms, operating systems, and embedded configurable controllers. Global supply chains and third-party hardware components, tools, and software limit the reach of design verification techniques. As a consequence, attacks such as Stuxnet have demonstrated that these systems can be surreptitiously compromised. We present a run-time method for process control violation prediction that can be leveraged to enhance system security against configuration attacks on embedded controllers. The prediction architecture provides a short-term projection of active controller actions by embedding an accelerated model of the controller and physical process interaction. To maintain convergence with the physical system, the predictor model state is periodically synchronized with the actual physical process state. The predictor is combined with run-time guards in a root-of-trust to detect when the predicted process state violates application specifications. Configurations can be screened before they are applied or monitored at run-time to detect subtle modifications or Trojans with complex activation triggers. Advanced notification of process control violations allows remedial actions leveraging well known, high-assurance techniques, such as temporarily switching control to a stability-preserving backup controller. Experimental simulation results are provided from a root-of-trust developed for an aircraft pitch control system.
Technical Report : ContikiMAC vs X-MAC performance analysis

This paper try to better understand the performance of ContikiMAC compared to X-MAC. ContikiMAC achieves a transmission by repeatedly transmitting a data packet until the reception of an ACK from the destination. While X-MAC uses a stream of small size strobes to advertise the destination of the incoming transmission. A priori, X-MAC is then less bandwidth consumptive. To better understand the efficiency of ContikiMAC, despite an intuitively more consumptive transmitting procedure, we have compared this protocol to an updated version of X-MAC which has been designed with the goal to obtain a more objective comparison. At our best knowledge, this kind of "objective" and detailed analysis has never been produced. Both protocols performances are evaluated in terms of number of retransmissions, latency, packet delivery ratio (PDR) and duty-cycle. Our study reveals that the combination of the fast-sleep optimization shortening the wake-up period with a transmission procedure more efficient helps ContikiMAC to obtain a better PDR at the cost of a reduced latency and energy consumption.
Coning and breast compression. An aid in mammographic diagnosis.

Although passing reference to the employment of coned views with compression in mammography has been made (1), the technic has been largely ignored in the literature. Gershon-Cohen (3) recommended spot-films for more accurate delineation of suspicious areas, but Wolfe (4) reported that these added little information to that of routine views. Neither author stressed compression of the breast during the spot-film exposures. Our experience has indicated that coned views combined with the additional aid of breast compression often result in a more accurate and confident diagnosis in borderline or indeterminate cases (Figs. 2 and 3). Technic The routine mammographic technic utilized at the University of California Medical Center is patterned after that recommended by Egan (2). Kodak Industrial M film is used exclusively, as is a 12-inch telescoping cylindrical cone of 4-inch diameter. The target-film distance is constant at 30 inches. Other constant factors are a milliamperage of 300 and an exposure time of si.
Facilitating Dialogues about Racial Realities

Background/Context Facilitating dialogues about racial issues in higher education classroom settings continues to be a vexing problem facing postsecondary educators. In order for students to discuss race with their peers, they need skilled facilitators who are knowledgeable about racial issues and able to support students in these difficult dialogues. Yet previous research on difficult dialogues has largely focused on students’ experiences in these dialogues and the outcomes they gain from participating in them with little knowledge about the roles of facilitators of these dialogues. Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine how postsecondary educators facilitate racial dialogues. Research Design In this study, I employed case study methodology and conducted semistructured individual interviews with 22 participants, as well as examined participants’ syllabi to see how they structured their courses. Findings Findings reveal the practical strategies educators used to facilitate classroom-based racial dialogues, including utilizing group discussions, using various practical resources, developing ways for learners to apply racial concepts and theories to their lives, and providing ample space for students to debrief at the conclusion of the dialogues. Conclusions/Recommendations Major conclusions and recommendations from this study include the importance of White educators facilitating these dialogues, educators conceiving of knowledge differently, the importance of paying attention to the institutional and classroom cultures for these dialogues, fostering collaborations between faculty and student affairs educators to enable students to grapple with racial issues in classroom and cocurricular settings, and connecting racial dialogues with other historical forms of oppression like sexism and classism.
Long-term persistence of Coxiella burnetii after acute primary Q fever.

BACKGROUND Long-term persistence of C. burnetii in infected animals was established in the 1950s and 60s, but the implications for human Q fever are not fully explored. AIM To compare the prevalence of markers of infection in a cohort of Q fever patients in Australia (up to 5 years after infection) with those in the 1989 Birmingham cohort (12 years after infection). DESIGN Case follow-up study. METHODS C. burnetii was tested for by: (i) antibodies to Phase 1 and 2 antigens in the three immunoglobulin classes; (ii) detection of DNA in bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells by PCR assays directed against several different targets in the genome; and (iii) attempts to isolate coxiellas in cell culture or mice from PCR-positive samples. Amplicon specificity was verified by fluorometric probing and by sequencing. Cross-contamination was excluded by extensive use of non-template controls, and in particular by the use of certain IS1111a target sequences. RESULTS Irrespective of clinical state, both groups remained seropositive, principally exhibiting medium levels of IgG antibody against C. burnetii Phase 2 antigen. C. burnetii genomic DNA was detected by PCR in 65% of bone marrow aspirates from Australian patients and approximately 88% of Birmingham patients. No coxiella were isolated from PCR positive samples. DISCUSSION We propose a provisional model for persistence. In Q fever without sequelae, the process is largely confined to the bone marrow. In Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS), it is modulated by the patient's immunogenetic background to give higher levels of coxiella genomes in bone marrow and increased shedding into the peripheral blood. In Q fever endocarditis, late pregnancy, or during iatrogenic or other immunosuppression, the multiplication cycle is prolonged, and a potential source of live organisms.
Ensemble predictions of runoff in ungauged catchments

A new approach to regionalization of conceptual rainfall‐runoff models is presented on the basis of ensemble modeling and model averaging. It is argued that in principle, this approach represents an improvement on the established procedure of regressing parameter values against numeric catchment descriptors. Using daily data from 127 catchments in the United Kingdom, alternative schemes for defining prior and posterior likelihoods of candidate models are tested in terms of accuracy of ungauged catchment predictions. A probability distributed model structure is used, and alternative parameter sets are identified using data from each of a number of gauged catchments. Using the models of the 10 gauged catchments most similar to the ungauged catchment provides generally the best results and performs significantly better than the regression method, especially for predicting low flows. The ensemble of candidate models provides an indication of uncertainty in ungauged catchment predictions, although this is not a robust estimate of possible flow ranges, and frequently fails to encompass flow peaks. Options for developing the new method to resolve these problems are discussed.
Characteristic Analysis of Auditory Stimulation

This study was intended to analyze real time changes in characteristics of cerebral activation state based on auditory stimulus and apply the findings to the field of various neuro-feedback therapies. (1),(2) In this study, we analyzed changes in cerebral activation state of subjects after exposing them to auditory stimulus included in audible frequency band from 20Hz to 20KHz. At this time, we intended to analyze difference in audible frequency band -- which revealed various characteristics such as concentration indicator and emotional stability indicator, etc -- among subjects and use specific audible frequency for specific subjects as part of customized neuro- feedback external stimulus technique. To achieve such objective, this study was intended to present customized stimulation 1 techniques and analyze cerebral activation status(F7, F8, T3, T4, T5, T6, O1, O2) in 30 male and female subject.
The Media Diet Imbalance Score: A Measure of Aggregate Media Diet

ABSTRACT As media options continue to expand in both quantity and variety and move to new media platforms, consumers’ media diets are becoming increasingly varied and complex. This complexity calls for a more nuanced method of quantifying media consumption that goes beyond the binary like-minded or cross-cutting categories currently used in studies of selective exposure. We develop a measure that captures the full diversity of content in an individual’s media diet, the media diet imbalance score, by adapting Brader, Tucker, and Therriault’s (2014) measure of sociodemographic cross-pressures. Our method allows for research on important aspects of the current media environment that are impossible with existing measures, and it is less labor intensive than previous strategies for measuring selective exposure.
Perceived gender role performance and minor general deviance in college students:: a test of gender role stress theory.

2 Acknowledgements 4 List of Tables 7 List of Figures 9 Chapter 1: Introduction 11 Chapter 2: Statement of the Problems and Objectives 14 Chapter 3: Literature Review 33 Chapter 4: The Conceptual Framework, Research Questions, and Hypotheses 52 Chapter 5: Data, Methodology, and Analytic Strategy 67 Chapter 6: Analytical Findings and Discussion: Research Question 1 94 Chapter 7: Analytical Findings and Discussion: Research Question 2 103 Chapter 8 Analytical Findings and Discussion: Research Question 3 139 Chapter 9: Discussion and Conclusion 183 References 208 Appendix A: Biology, Sex, Crime, and Gender in the Mix 219 Appendix B: The Survey Instrument 221 Appendix C: Cleaning and Coding of the Survey Items 230 Appendix D: Survey Items by Number of Male and Female Participants 236 Appendix E: Correlation Matrix of Independent and Dependent Variables 241 Appendix F: Initial Inspection of the Potential Relationships 242 Appendix G: Regression Model Adequacy Checking 243
Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy, Hysterectomy, and Burch Colposuspension: Feasibility and Short-Term Complications of 77 Procedures

Objective: To report our first cases of laparoscopic sacropexy and assess the feasibility and short-term complications. Methods: We retrospectively studied 77 laparoscopic sacral colpopexies performed from June 1996 to May 1998. Suspension was reinforced with 2 strips of synthetic mesh. Five patients had previously undergone hysterectomy, and 4 others had experienced failure of surgery for prolapse of the uterus. Results: Laparoscopy was performed in 83 women with symptomatic prolapse of the uterus. Six cases required conversion to laparotomy because of technical difficulties. All of the remaining 77 patients underwent laparoscopic sacropexy that included anterior and posterior mesh reinforcement. Subtotal laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in 60 cases, laparoscopic Burch colposuspension in 74, and levator myorrhaphy via a vaginal approach in 55. Operative time decreased from 292 to 180 minutes as experience was gained. The main operative complications were 1 rectal and 2 bladder injuries. Three patients required reoperations for hematoma or hemorrhage. One patient complained of chronic inflammation of the cervix, and another experienced rejection of the posterior mesh 6 months after the operation. Mean follow-up was 343 days. Three other patients required reoperation, 1 for a third-degree cystocele and 2 for recurrent stress incontinence. Conclusion: Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is feasible. Operative time and postoperative complications are related to the surgeon's experience but remain comparable to those noted in laparotomy. Long-term assessment is required to confirm the results of this procedure.
Enhancing Appropriateness of Executive Decisions Using AIS

This paper presents an enhanced version of the AED (Appropriate Executive Decisions) algorithm, which is based on biological immune system (BIS) and whose purpose is the generation of appropriate executive decisions aimed at business environments. A new metric has been incorporated to the algorithm and a larger and more representative database was used to train and validate results. Moreover, this paper offers better directions on how to apply AED in executive decisions, affording the learning process quality improvement through immunoinformatics concepts, namely decision cells, thereby producing more appropriate executive decisions. Experiments were carried out with executive officers experienced in executive decisions in order to suitably validate the appropriateness of responses generated by the enhanced AED algorithm.
[Calcium and bone metabolism during pregnancy and lactation].

Estrogens regulate the bone metabolism, adversely affecting peak bone mass and prohibiting the bone loss. The high gestational estrogens has made us suppose that the maternal bone would be protected. However, the maternal bone mineral density (BMD) is found to decrease. In addition, postpartum lactational low estrogens and PTHrP induce to lower the BMD. These two gestational phases cause complicated bone metabolisms, resulting to bone loss with different pathophysiologies. , Breastfeeding places significant stress on calcium metabolism and, as a consequence, directly influences bone metabolism. In short time after the end of lactation, the bone recovers to prepregnant state.
Double Closed-loop Control Scheme of Yaw Rate for Active Front Steering System

Steering system is an important man-machine interface, for which transmits driver's lateral control intention to the vehicle. In order to improve the vehicle lateral stability, a double closed-loop control scheme of yaw rate for active front steering system was proposed in this paper. To investigate the control effects of the double closed-loop control scheme of yaw rate, a two degree-of-freedom (2DOF) vehicle model and brushless dc motor (BLDCM) model were built, as well as numerical simulations and virtual tests based on CarSim software were conducted at different limiting conditions. Results indicate that response delay of vehicle driving on the road with low adhesion coefficient could be reduced with the help of the proposed yaw rate control scheme, as well as effects of unexpected yaw disturbance on response characteristics of vehicle could be weakened effectively. Key-Words: Vehicle, active front steering, yaw rate control, brushless dc motor (BLDCM), double closedloop control, CarSim
Semisupervised Query Expansion with Minimal Feedback

Query expansion is an information retrieval technique in which new query terms are selected to improve search performance. Although useful terms can be extracted from documents whose relevance is already known, it is difficult to get enough of such feedback from a user in actual use. We propose a query expansion method that performs well even if a user makes practically minimum effort, that is, chooses only a single relevant document. To improve searches in these conditions, we made two refinements to a well-known query expansion method. One uses transductive learning to obtain pseudorelevant documents, thereby increasing the total number of source documents from which expansion terms can be extracted. The other is a modified parameter estimation method that aggregates the predictions of multiple learning trials to sort candidate terms for expansion by importance. Experimental results show that our method outperforms traditional methods and is comparable to a state-of-the-art method.
Refined Composite Multiscale Dispersion Entropy and its Application to Biomedical Signals

Objective: We propose a novel complexity measure to overcome the deficiencies of the widespread and powerful multiscale entropy (MSE), including, MSE values may be undefined for short signals, and MSE is slow for real-time applications. Methods: We introduce multiscale dispersion entropy (DisEn—MDE) as a very fast and powerful method to quantify the complexity of signals. MDE is based on our recently developed DisEn, which has a computation cost of O(N), compared with O(N2) for sample entropy used in MSE. We also propose the refined composite MDE (RCMDE) to improve the stability of MDE. Results: We evaluate MDE, RCMDE, and refined composite MSE (RCMSE) on synthetic signals and three biomedical datasets. The MDE, RCMDE, and RCMSE methods show similar results, although the MDE and RCMDE are faster, lead to more stable results, and discriminate different types of physiological signals better than MSE and RCMSE. Conclusion: For noisy short and long time series, MDE and RCMDE are noticeably more stable than MSE and RCMSE, respectively. For short signals, MDE and RCMDE, unlike MSE and RCMSE, do not lead to undefined values. The proposed MDE and RCMDE are significantly faster than MSE and RCMSE, especially for long signals, and lead to larger differences between physiological conditions known to alter the complexity of the physiological recordings. Significance : MDE and RCMDE are expected to be useful for the analysis of physiological signals thanks to their ability to distinguish different types of dynamics. The MATLAB codes used in this paper are freely available at http://dx.doi. org/10.7488/ds/1982.
MODELLING VERTICAL VARIATION OF TURBULENT FLOW ACROSS A SURF ZONE USING SWASH

This paper presents the application of the open source non-hydrostatic wave-flow model SWASH to propagation of irregular waves in a barred surf zone, and the model results are discussed by comparing against an extensive laboratory data set. This study focus not only on wave transformation in the surf zone, but also on the numerical prediction of undertow and vertical distribution of turbulence levels under broken waves. Present simulations demonstrate the overall predictive capabilities of the model in computing breaking surf zone waves.
Nursing Students’ Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Online Collaborative Learning

Aims: To investigate nursing students’ evaluation of the impact of collaborative group work in a web-based learning environment. Study Design: Correlational Design. Place and Duration of Study: The study took place in an online, elective “Multimedia Design for Instruction” course, which is offered bi-annually, in a regional campus of Taiwanese Nursing Institute during fall and spring semesters from 2009~2011 academic years. Methodology: One hundred and ninety seven students participated in the study, including 14 males and 183females, who aged between 18 and 32. The participants varied in their demographic profiles, for instance, age, the length of their professional work experience, experience of using computers for learning, and etc. A self-report survey was used to collect data. The data collected were analyzed using summary descriptive statistics, correlations, and a multiple regression analysis. Results: The results revealed that the variables including gender, complexity of tasks, strong group partners, class preparation, ability to use required media, and interest in class topics, yielding R =. 37, Radj = . 33, F (8, 188) = 9.83, P< . 001, had significant impact on participants’ perceptions of online collaborative learning. This model explained 33% of the Research Article British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 3(4): 382-396, 2013 383 variance in participants’ perceptions of the effectiveness of collaborative learning. Conclusion: Overall, students rated the effectiveness of online collaborative learning as “high. ” The impact of students’ computer skills and their ability to use the required media needs additional examination. It is also suggested that the need for prerequisite skills and competence in using the course management software prior to taking an online collaborative class should be studied. The results of the multiple regression indicated that the independent variables examined in this study, although having an impact on students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of collaborative online learning, suggest that other models might identify variables that have a greater impact.
Microspore Separation in the quartet 3 Mutants of Arabidopsis Is Impaired by a Defect in a Developmentally Regulated Polygalacturonase Required for Pollen Mother Cell Wall Degradation1

Mutations in the QUARTET loci in Arabidopsis result in failure of microspore separation during pollen development due to a defect in degradation of the pollen mother cell wall during late stages of pollen development. Mutations in a new locus required for microspore separation, QRT3, were isolated, and the corresponding gene was cloned by T-DNA tagging. QRT3 encodes a protein that is approximately 30% similar to an endopolygalacturonase from peach (Prunus persica). The QRT3 protein was expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and found to exhibit polygalacturonase activity. In situ hybridization experiments showed that QRT3 is specifically and transiently expressed in the tapetum during the phase when microspores separate from their meiotic siblings. Immunohistochemical localization of QRT3 indicated that the protein is secreted from tapetal cells during the early microspore stage. Thus, QRT3 plays a direct role in degrading the pollen mother cell wall during microspore development.
Family Size and Birth Order of Young Offenders

OVER a 12-year-period four independent surveys have been conducted in the Australian State of Victoria which examined family size and place in family of young offenders formally dealt with by the police. All of these surveys provided support for the proposition that young offenders tend to come from large families and were also more likely to be middle children rather than the oldest or the youngest in the family. The exercise of police discretion which results in some young offenders not being formally dealt with, and thus not being included in these surveys, does not affect the