Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subjective patients' opinion and evaluation of halitosis using halimeter and organoleptic scores.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of interest in fetor ex ore among respondents, patients of the Department of Conservative Dentistry in Warsaw. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire was completed by 295 patients, 202 females and 93 males aged 18-74 years (average 38.73 years). Each person was also examined for organoleptic score and volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) by Halimeter. Halitosis was diagnosed if the average level of VSC was > or =125 ppb and the organoleptic measurement using a 0-5 point scale was > or =2. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test. RESULTS Incidence of halitosis was greatest in age ranges 25-34 years (29.68%) and 45-54 years (24.52%). Sixty-eight (43.87%) persons with diagnosed halitosis frequently reported having a problem with bad breath and only 5.81% persons with halitosis did not notice this problem (P < 0.001). Among 54 healthy persons three (5.56%) reported having a problem with halitosis (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION A statistically significant correlation was found between clinical organoleptic diagnosis of halitosis and VSC level by halimeter. Subjective patients' opinion correlated well with objective evaluation of halitosis.
Automatic Caricature Generation by Analyzing Facial Features

We developed a system for automatic generation of caricatures by analyzing unique facial features of the subject. The proposed face model contains 119 parameters derived from the MPEG-4 standard. These nodes are categorized into 8 groups with a pre-defined hierarchy to guide the placement of face components after shape exaggeration. Given an input image, the system determines which and how the face component should be altered. Using an artist’s finished work as the source image, the system is capable of producing caricatures of a similar style effectively and efficiently.
Generating knowledge in a connected world: The case of the ATLAS experiment at CERN

The spatial challenges posed by the dynamics of globalization together with the availability of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) have fostered the development of virtual collaboration. Driven by organizational authority systems, however, much of this activity remains of a top-down, hierarchical nature. Although the proportion of bottom-up activity has increased, it has not displaced the top-down bias in the governance structures of firms and the formal processes that give them effect. Yet recent developments are challenging the organizational assumptions that underpin such structures and processes. In what follows, we first offer a theoretical perspective on the above questions and then illustrate it with a look at the way that the ATLAS experiment at CERN—one of the four experiments that are using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)— is organized and managed. The ATLAS Collaboration—the team of physicists responsible for the experiment— consists of a culturally heterogeneous and loosely coupled population of agents, each operating in a different institutional setting. We shall use our theoretical perspective to interpret some of the issues raised by this kind of ‘big science’ experiment and discuss their implications for a broader class of organizations.
On modern and historical short-term frequency stability metrics for frequency sources

Modern frequency stability metrics employed in industry are discussed within the context of the historical development of the Allan variance. It is shown that phase noise and the first and second jitter differences are often reported in lieu of the Allan variance for frequency sources utilized in consumer electronics. This inconsistency between the historical and modern treatment of frequency stability is addressed through the presentation of analytical relationships and bounds for these common metrics. The presented expressions are compared with experimental results where good agreement is found while employing several different measurement approaches. The clear requirement for standardized metrology is motivated.
Phylogenetic Window Analysis for Detecting Chronological Changes in Natural Selection

Natural selection operating at the amino acid sequence level can be detected by comparing the rates of syn- onymous (rS) and nonsynonymous (rN) substitutions for the protein-coding nucleotide sequence, where relationships rN > rS and rN < rS conventionally indicate positive and negative selection, respectively. The direction and magnitude of natural selection operating on a protein may change during evolution because the environmental conditions may vary along with time. Here a phylogenetic window analysis method is proposed for examining the chronological change in natural selec- tion and for detecting natural selection that has operated temporarily in the phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic window was defined as an interval between two time points in the phylogenetic tree, which was constructed under the assumption of a molecular clock. The total numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous changes that have occurred for all the parts of branches overlapping with the window were compared to detect natural selection. When this method was applied to the analysis of the intra-host evolution for hypervariable region 1 of hepatitis C virus (HCV), which was known as the major target of humoral immunity, it was found that the pattern of chronological change in natural selection was heterogeneous among patients. The rN/rS value was sometimes elevated temporarily, where positive selection was detected, suggesting that the antigenic evolution was punctuated during chronic infection of HCV.
Notice of RetractionAnalysis of resonance frequency for rectangular cavity with apertures and embedded materials

As the shielding effectiveness is greatly influenced by cavity resonance, the resonance frequency of rectangular cavity is simulated numerically using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The influence of aperture size, embedded metal and nonmetal materials on resonance frequency of cavity is analyzed. Computation results indicate that shielding performance decreases with increment of frequency, and it decreases to a great extent at the resonance frequencies. Resonance frequency of cavity is determined not only by the geometry size of cavity, but also by the size of aperture and the embedded object. Existence of aperture corresponds to increasing of electromagnetic size of resonance cavity, which will reduce the resonance frequency. The nonmetal material embedded in the cavity will depress the resonance frequency of cavity, while metal embedded in the cavity will increase the resonance frequency of cavity.
From Digital Divides to Digital Entitlements in Knowledge Societies

This paper critically examines current constructions of the causes, consequences and appropriate actions to reduce the so-called `digital divide'. Drawing upon discussions that have occurred in a number of intergovernmental forums, the analysis illustrates the limitations of policy debates that focus primarily on issues of access, affordability and capabilities and skills for employability in industry. An alternative framework for assessing the unfolding relation between the new media and society is developed drawing on Amartya Sen's concept of capabilities. This is applied to demonstrate the need for a shift in the emphasis of social science analysis away from digital divide issues and towards the potential for the new media to be configured in ways that could enable the majority of people to strengthen their abilities to make choices about how they wish to live their lives. As new media permeate global social networks more intensively, it is argued that a rights-based approach to new media policy is essential and that this must be based upon assessments of people's entitlements in emerging knowledge societies.
Flapless implant surgery: A review of the literature and 3 case reports

Since the 1970s, modern Implantology is based on a concept of surgery with flap elevation. Gradually, several clinical trials demonstrated that a mid-crestal incision gives similar success rates compared to those obtained using the classical protocol. However, over the past decade in medicine it has been established the concept of minimally invasive surgery, consisting in taking advantage of advancements experienced in diagnostic techniques and specific surgical instruments, to perform surgical procedures infringing as less damage as possible to the patient The present work aims to produce a thorough review of the literature published on the field of Implantology with flapless surgery, to determine the current scientific evidence of the technique, along with illustrating the results with different clinical cases. After presenting the clinical cases, and the review of literature, we can say that flapless surgeries should be restricted to well-selected cases in which a proper clinical and radiological planning has been made. Patients treated with anticoagulant drugs or medically compromised equally can get benefitted by this minimal invasion technique. Key words:Flapless, minimally invasive surgery, dental implant.
Three-dimensional simulation of human teeth and its application in dental education and research

Background: A comprehensive database, comprising geometry and properties of human teeth, is needed for dentistry education and dental research. The aim of this study was to create a three-dimensional model of human teeth to improve the dental E-learning and dental research. Methods: In this study, a cross-section picture of the three-dimensional model of the teeth was used. CT-Scan images were used in the first method. The space between the cross- sectional images was about 200 to 500 micrometers. Hard tissue margin was detected in each image by Matlab (R2009b), as image processing software. The images were transferred to Solidworks 2015 software. Tooth border curve was fitted on B-spline curves, using the least square-curve fitting algorithm. After transferring all curves for each tooth to Solidworks, the surface was created based on the surface fitting technique. This surface was meshed in Meshlab-v132 software, and the optimization of the surface was done based on the remeshing technique. The mechanical properties of the teeth were applied to the dental model. Results: This study presented a methodology for communication between CT-Scan images and the finite element and training software through which modeling and simulation of the teeth were performed. In this study, cross-sectional images were used for modeling. According to the findings, the cost and time were reduced compared to other studies. Conclusion: The three-dimensional model method presented in this study facilitated the learning of the dental students and dentists. Based on the three-dimensional model proposed in this study, designing and manufacturing the implants and dental prosthesis are possible.
Meandered slot arm loaded electronically tunable microstrip antenna using varactors

A new design of a compact electronically reconfigurable dual frequency dual polarized single feed, meandered slot loaded microstrip antenna is introduced in this paper. A varactor diode is used to switch the operating frequencies considerably, without much affecting the radiation characteristics and gain. The antenna can work with a frequency ratio varying in a wide range from 1.36 to 1.53. The proposed design has an added advantage of size reduction up to 78% and 49% for the two resonating frequencies, compared to standard rectangular patches. The design also gives considerable bandwidth up to 1.55% and 2.08% for the two operating frequencies
Between partisanship and cynicism: Italian journalism in a state of flux

The performance of political reporters in liberal democracies is often criticized for its near anti-political stance, an observation shared by politicians, scholars and even journalists themselves. The notion of journalistic cynicism vis-a-vis politics, however, is ambiguous and the picture emerging from research is flawed by its often originating in the USA. Here, a multidimensional conceptualization is proposed — focusing on mistrust, negative tone, irony or sarcasm, and scandal orientation — and tested in a study of newspapers in Italy, a country characterized by a strong partisan tradition but demonstrating recent signs of commercial media logic. Contrary to much of the US findings, however, the media in Italy show a decrease of cynicism in three out of four of the dimensions.
Matriarchal genetic population structure of North American beluga whales Delphinapterus leucas (Cetacea: Monodontidae)

The North American beluga whale Delphinapterus leucas population has been divided into a number of putative geographical stocks based upon migration routes and areas of summer concentration. Nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region were used to assess whether these geographical stocks are genetically distinct. Beluga whale samples from 25 sites were collected primarily from aboriginal subsistence hunts across North America from 1984 to 1994. Thirty‐nine mtDNA haplotypes were identified in 628 beluga samples. No differences were found in the distribution of haplotypes between male and female beluga whales at any sampling site. These haplotypes segregated into two distinct assemblages in both a haplotype network and a neighbour‐joining tree. The haplotype assemblages had a geographically disjunct distribution that suggests postglacial recolonization of the North American Arctic from two different refugia.
The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 BgKL Variant, Unlike the BgOL Variant, Shows a Higher Association with Orolabial Infection than with Infections at Other Sites, Supporting the Variant-Dispersion-Replacement Hypothesis

ABSTRACT The identification and geographic distribution of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) BglII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variants named BgKL and BgOL in clinical isolates from orolabial and cutaneous sites were described in our previous reports, in which the dispersion and replacement of HSV-1 variants were proposed. The base substitution sites deduced from the BgKL multiple RFLP variations were mapped to the UL12 (DNase), RL2 (α0 transactivator), and latency-associated transcript genes in the present study. The results show that the relative frequencies (RFs) of BgKL are significantly higher in orolabial and cutaneous HSV-1 infections than in ocular infections. For the BgOL variant, the opposite was found; i.e., the RF of BgOL was significantly lower in orolabial and cutaneous infections than in ocular infections. No significant differences in the RFs of non-BgKL:non-BgOL isolates were observed. The ratio of the BgKL RF to the BgOL RF was much higher for the orolabial and cutaneous infection groups than for the ocular infection group, whereas the BgKL RF-to-non-BgKL:non-BgOL RF ratios for the former groups were slightly higher than those for the latter group. The higher efficiency of orolabial and cutaneous infections caused by BgKL compared to the efficiency of infections caused by BgOL allows BgKL to spread more efficiently in human populations and to displace BgOL, because the mouth and lips are the most common HSV-1 infection sites in children. The present study supports our HSV-1 dispersion-and-replacement hypothesis and suggests that HSV-1, the latency-reactivation of which allows variants to accumulate in human populations, has evolved under competitive conditions, providing a new perspective on the polymorphism or variation of HSV-1.
Boundary Crossing and Working in the Third Space: Implications for a teacher educator's identity and practice

In this article, I examine my evolving practice and identity as a teacher educator in the context of supervision of student teachers on practicum in schools. As a classroom teacher with approximately 25 years' experience, including mentoring student teachers in my own classroom, I had assumed that when I began working as a teacher educator in the area of school-based professional experience programs it would be a relatively easy and unproblematic transition. This was not to be the case. As I became increasingly involved in practicum supervision, I encountered many situations that challenged my understanding of my work as a teacher educator compared to my work as a classroom teacher. This self-study documents my practice in the so-called third space between schools and universities, for the period of one academic year. I analyzed my journal entries of visits to student teachers on practicum using a theoretical framework of the learning that takes place within boundary spaces between different communities of practice. Results of the study suggested that, in this boundary space, I experienced dynamic and shifting identity construction and re-construction in relation to my former professional identity as a classroom teacher and my relatively new professional identity as a teacher educator. The study also highlighted my changing perspectives on what learning to be a teacher is all about and on the delicate negotiation of relationships that is central to this work.
Evaluating a Guidance and Language Arts Unit for High School Juniors

In this study the authors report on the evaluation of a program enhancing both the career development and writing skills of high school juniors. Participants were 166 juniors attending a suburban midwestern high school. School counselors and English teachers worked together to provide an opportunity for students to develop academic skills while exploring relevant career issues. Results indicated that for a wide range of students, participation in the program led to the achievement of specific guidance competencies. Changes in perceived mastery of guidance competencies predicted positive change in vocational identity and attainment of higher English grades for girls. Implications for promoting school counselors' involvement in guidance program evaluation practices are discussed.
On Using the T Test on Ranks as an Alternative to the Wilcoxon Test

The equivalence of the t test on the ranks of original scores to the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test on original scores was noted. However, this study demonstrated that, unlike the Wilcoxon, the t on ranks is not competitive with the usual t for normally distributed data. The explanation is due to the lack of a correction for ties and continuity most computer statistical packages automatically employ in the Wilcoxon routine.
Neuropsychological characteristics of empirically derived subgroups of learning disabled readers.

Abstract A neuropsychological battery comprised of 10 linguistic and visual perceptual tests, chosen because of their use in previous research, was administered to 75 learning disabled readers (LDR) and 42 normal readers (NR) matched for age and IQ. Standard scores, derived from a comparison of each LDR child's score with the NR group's performance on each test, were cluster analyzed to identify subgroups within the LDR group. Five subgroups were identified. Multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant analysis indicated that all LDR subgroups were significantly different from one another with respect to subgroup members' performance on the set of neuropsychological variables. In addition, some significant differences were found among the five subgroups on measures of oral reading, word-attack skills, and reading comprehension.
The UK Adult Twin Registry (TwinsUK Resource)

TwinsUK is a nation-wide registry of volunteer twins in the United Kingdom, with about 12,000 registered twins (83% female, equal number of monozygotic and dizygotic twins, predominantly middle-aged and older). Over the last 20 years, questionnaire and blood/urine/tissue samples have been collected on over 7,000 subjects, as well as three comprehensive phenotyping assessments in the clinical facilities of the Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London. The primary focus of study has been the genetic basis of healthy aging process and complex diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, and ophthalmologic disorders. Alongside the detailed clinical, biochemical, behavioral, and socio-economic characterization of the study population, the major strength of TwinsUK is availability of several ‘omics’ technologies for the participants. These include genome-wide scans of single nucleotide variants, next-generation sequencing, exome sequencing, epigenetic markers (MeDIP sequencing), gene expression arrays and RNA sequencing, telomere length measures, metabolomic profiles, and gut flora microbiomics. The scientific community now can freely access parts of the phenotype data from the ‘TwinsUK’, and interested researchers are encouraged to contact us via our Web site (www.twinsuk.ac.uk) for future collaborations.
Investigating the microRNA-mRNA regulatory network in acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common myelogenous malignancy in adults that is often characterized by disease relapse. The pathophysiological mechanism of AML has not yet been elucidated. The present study aimed to identify the crucial microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and target genes in AML, and to uncover the potential oncogenic mechanism of AML. miRNA and mRNA expression-profiling microarray datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expression analysis was performed and a regulatory network between miRNAs and target genes was constructed. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were used to predict the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was employed to verify the expression levels of miRNAs and target genes in AML patient samples. A total of 86 differentially expressed miRNAs and 468 differentially expressed mRNAs between AML and healthy blood samples were identified. In total, 47 miRNAs and 401 mRNAs were found to be upregulated, and 39 miRNAs and 67 mRNAs were found to be downregulated in AML. A total of 223 miRNA-target genes pairs were subjected to the construction of a regulatory network. Differentially expressed target genes were significantly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway (hsa04310), melanogenesis (hsa04916) and pathways in cancer (hsa05200). Significantly differentially expressed miRNAs and genes, including hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-192, annexin A2 (ANXA2), frizzled class receptor 3 (FZD3), and pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1), may serve essential roles in AML oncogenesis. Overall, hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-192, ANXA2, FZD3 and PLAG1 may be associated with the development of AML via the involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway, melanogenesis and other cancer-associated signaling pathways.
Data Parallel Computation on Graphics Hardware

As the programmability and performance of modern GPUs continues to increase, many researchers are looking to graphics hardware to solve problems previously performed on general purpose CPUs. In many cases, performing general purpose computation on graphics hardware can provide a significant advantage over implementations on traditional CPUs. However, if GPUs are to become a powerful processing resource, it is important to establish the correct abstraction of the hardware; this will encourage efficient application design as well as an optimizable interface for hardware designers. In this paper, we present a stream processor abstraction for performing data parallel computation using graphics hardware. In this model, computation is expressed as kernels executing over streams of data. We have implemented this abstraction with current programmable hardware in a system called Brook and present a variety of applications demonstrating its functionality. Stream computing not only represents an accurate computational model for today’s hardware but it also captures the underlying advantage of computing on graphics hardware. CR Categories: I.3. 1 [Computer Graphics]: Hardware Architecture—Graphics processors