Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building automatic mapping between XML documents using approximate tree matching

The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) is becoming the standard format for data exchange on the Internet, providing interoperability among Web applications. It is important to provide efficient algorithms and tools to manipulate XML documents that are ubiquitous on the Web. In this paper, we present a novel system for automating the transformation of XML documents based on structural mapping with the restriction that the leaf text information are exactly the same in the source and target documents. Firstly, tree edit distance algorithm is used to find the mapping between a pair of source and target documents. With the introduction of tree partition, the efficiency of the tree matching algorithm has been improved significantly. Secondly, template rules for transformation are inferred from the mapping using generalization. Thirdly, a template matching component is used to process new documents. Experimental studies have shown that our methods are very promising and can be widely used for Web document cleaning, information filtering, and other applications.
Identification of the Technology Commercialization Strategies of High-tech Small Firms

The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations found in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of Advocacy, the United States Small Business Administration, or the United States Government. This report was developed under a contract with the Small Business Administration, Office of Advocacy, and contains information and analysis that was reviewed and edited by officials of the Office of Advocacy. However, the final conclusions of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of Advocacy. Purpose Small, highly innovative companies have been at the forefront in creating the industries of the future, but finding highly innovative companies is often difficult. This is because their innovations are sometimes found in their business strategies rather than the products they produce. The goal of this study was to capture the business models of innovative firms instead of classifying them by the goods or services they produce. A unique method was used to find these companies: searches of innovative terms on their websites. Searching for innovative terms on firms' websites determined that high-tech strategies could be found on known high-tech small firms but not on the control group. This indicates that this method holds promise for gaining insight into finding highly innovative firms. Highlights • " Serial innovators " (small firms with 15 or more patents in a five-year period) do not fit easily into business industry classifications. • Small firm websites tend to be geared more to describing the firm, or creating an image, than seeking customers. This transparency about the firm enables researchers to evaluate their websites to determine the firms' business strategies • High technology small firms tend to have common strategies, while their less innovative competitors tend to have varied strategies. • Factor analysis showed that search terms could be created to categorize firms into the following groups:-science-based product/service firm,-R&D organization or contractor,-product solutions provider,-highly specialized component/module/ consumable or raw materials suppler, and-specialized subcontractor. • The web searching method presented in the paper holds promise for capturing more than just business strategies, and in some circumstances could be a cost-effective way to replace surveys and reduce respondent burden. • Further research is needed to find out if this search method can determine categories for random individual firms. The study used six classes of firm technology strategies to evaluate which category firms match. From 80 small firm websites, …
Decentralized Trust Driven Access Control for Mobile Content Sharing

Varieties and volume of content generated from mobile devices contribute to the complications on research and analysis on big data. Increases in content generation through mobile devices, increasing penetration, and decentralized nature are the leading reasons of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) content sharing among mobile devices. With technologies like Bluetooth and NFC paving way for easier and less expensive ad hoc data transfer, content sharing among smartphones is realistic and achievable. Traditional access control among peers in a P2P network assumes that all data is shared among all peers. However, this may not always be the case as data on the smartphones can be personal or confidential. There is a need to address sharing specific data with specific peer, based on peer's trustworthiness with the host peer. We propose a model which controls access to files at a category level rather than at file or user level. We argue that the model preserves peers' autonomy while preserving P2P decentralized structure.
Situated assessment of problems in software development

This paper reports on action research undertaken to understand and to improve the problems with software processes of a medium-sized Danish company. It is argued that, in order to understand what the specific problems are, we may, on the one hand, rely on normative process models like CMM or Bootstrap. On the other hand, we may also see the specific and unique features of software processes in a company through what we call "problem diagnosis. " Problem diagnosis deals with eliciting problems perceived by software professionals and with forming commitment to enable software process improvement to effectively take place. A central purpose of problem diagnosis is to base the SPI project on the software developers' own perceptions of software process problems and suggestions for improvement rather than on the prescriptions and norms of a maturity model.
Shyness and Socioemotional Functioning in Young Chinese Children: The Moderating Role of Receptive Vocabulary

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to explore links among shyness, receptive vocabulary, and indices of socioemotional functioning in a sample of young children in mainland urban China. In particular, we sought to examine the potential moderating role of receptive language in these relations. Participants were N = 360 young children (200 boys, 160 girls, Mage = 4.72 years, SD = 0.63) attending preschool/kindergartens in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. Multisource assessments were employed, including maternal ratings (child shyness), standardized tests (receptive vocabulary), child self-reports collected during individual interviews (loneliness), teacher ratings (child internalizing problems), and peer nominations (peer liking). Results indicated that receptive vocabulary moderated (buffering effect) the relations between shyness and several indices of socioemotional functioning. Results are discussed in terms of the implications of language skills for early school adjustment of young shy Chinese children.
Ideal-types of Trust and The Role of Suspension

Introduction Confucius, 551-479 B.C., already held the view that trust is a precondition and basis for all worthwhile social relations (cf. Hann 1968). This insight is popular again, but while we can easily relate to it from everyday experience, we still find it difficult to grasp the phenomenon of trust in abstract terms. The question of what trust is and whether it may be amenable to management can only be assessed on the basis of a differentiated concept of trust, showing different sides of the phenomenon instead of taking in everything at once.
EGQL: a gesture query language

The touch screen devices allow us to construct user friendly graphical user interfaces using the gesture technology which is very popular for novice users. In this paper, we present a new graphical query language for relational databases which is designed to support gesture design philosophy and the full functionality of SQL and is addressed to non-expert users on databases. The EGQL (Easy Gesture Query Language) is implemented on Android platform for compact multi-touch screens. Moreover, Metaphors, Color and other functionality like zoom are used for the best comprehension of the database schema and the query development.
The X-Ray Halo of GX 13+1

We present observations of the X-ray halo around the low-mass X-ray binary GX 13+1 from the Chandra X-ray telescope. The halo is caused by scattering in interstellar dust grains, and we use it to diagnose the line-of-sight position, size distribution, and density of the grains. Using the intrinsic energy resolution of Chandra's ACIS CCDs and the recent calibration observation of the Chandra point-spread function, we were able to extract the halo fraction as a function of energy and off-axis angle. We define a new quantity, the "halo coefficient," or the total halo intensity relative to the source extrapolated to 1 keV, and measure it to be 1.5 for GX 13+1. We find a relationship between this value and the dust size, density, and hydrogen column density along the line of sight to GX 13+1. We also conclude that our data do not agree with "fluffy" dust models that earlier X-ray halo observations have supported and that models including an additional large dust grain population are not supported by these data.
Facing the Gender Gap in Aging: Italian Women’s Pension in the European Context

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the phenomenon of increasing gender inequalities that happen at old age regarding women’s pension. Moving from recent life-course theories and studies, this study analyzes the reasons behind gender-biased pension levels and how their cumulative effects result in (continuous) significant gender gaps. The article presents a European overview of pension gender gap, focusing on family and work-life issues in Italy. This is one of the first critical reviews of the small but growing literature and national data concerning the effect of gender inequalities related to pension gaps in Italy. In the past, research on the balance of welfare provision between State, family, and market has ignored gender, while more recent studies have barely explored how gender roles, changing over time, interact with the shifts in pension policies. Considering the effects of work-life balance policies since the 2000 Lisbon agenda process and its development, the study especially focuses on the Italian case within the European context. The article examines how the choices in work-life balance policies vary between different national contexts and welfare regimes, by highlighting the Italian case. In this country, welfare and social policy regimes remain very unbalanced, showing a lack of awareness of family and women’s needs, as in many Southern countries, and Italy is not able to give appropriate answers to these problems and to the question of the growing gender gap. This article finally shows the poignancy of structural and cultural reasons for gender differentiated pension levels in Italy, within the European context, according to patterns of employment, marital, and maternal status between earlier and later generations of women.
The 26S Proteasome Degrades the Soluble but Not the Fibrillar Form of the Yeast Prion Ure2p In Vitro

Yeast prions are self-perpetuating protein aggregates that cause heritable and transmissible phenotypic traits. Among these, [PSI +] and [URE3] stand out as the most studied yeast prions, and result from the self-assembly of the translation terminator Sup35p and the nitrogen catabolism regulator Ure2p, respectively, into insoluble fibrillar aggregates. Protein quality control systems are well known to govern the formation, propagation and transmission of these prions. However, little is known about the implication of the cellular proteolytic machineries in their turnover. We previously showed that the 26S proteasome degrades both the soluble and fibrillar forms of Sup35p and affects [PSI +] propagation. Here, we show that soluble native Ure2p is degraded by the proteasome in an ubiquitin-independent manner. Proteasomal degradation of Ure2p yields amyloidogenic N-terminal peptides and a C-terminal resistant fragment. In contrast to Sup35p, fibrillar Ure2p resists proteasomal degradation. Thus, structural variability within prions may dictate their ability to be degraded by the cellular proteolytic systems.
JProGO: a novel tool for the functional interpretation of prokaryotic microarray data using Gene Ontology information

A novel program suite was implemented for the functional interpretation of high-throughput gene expression data based on the identification of Gene Ontology (GO) nodes. The focus of the analysis lies on the interpretation of microarray data from prokaryotes. The three well established statistical methods of the threshold value-based Fisher's exact test, as well as the threshold value-independent Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Student's t-test were employed in order to identify the groups of genes with a significantly altered expression profile. Furthermore, we provide the application of the rank-based unpaired Wilcoxon's test for a GO-based microarray data interpretation. Further features of the program include recognition of the alternative gene names and the correction for multiple testing. Obtained results are visualized interactively both as a table and as a GO subgraph including all significant nodes. Currently, JProGO enables the analysis of microarray data from more than 20 different prokaryotic species, including all important model organisms, and thus constitutes a useful web service for the microbial research community. JProGO is freely accessible via the web at the following address:
Learning restricted Bayesian network structures

Bayesian networks are basic graphical models, used widely both in statistics and artificial intelligence. These statistical models of conditional independence structure are described by acyclic directed graphs whose nodes correspond to (random) variables in consideration. A quite important topic is the learning of Bayesian network structures, which is determining the best fitting statistical model on the basis of given data. Although there are learning methods based on statistical conditional independence tests, contemporary methods are mainly based on maximization of a suitable quality criterion that evaluates how good the graph explains the occurrence of the observed data. This leads to a nonlinear combinatorial optimization problem that is in general NP-hard to solve. In this paper we deal with the complexity of learning restricted Bayesian network structures, that is, we wish to find network structures of highest score within a given subset of all possible network structures. For this, we introduce a new unique algebraic representative for these structures, called the characteristic imset. We show that these imsets are always 0-1-vectors and that they have many nice properties that allow us to simplify long proofs for some known results and to easily establish new complexity results for learning restricted Bayes network structures.
AgroSearch: A Web Based Search Tool for Pomegranate Diseases and Pests Detection Using Image Processing

Uneven climate change demands improved and modern methods for agriculture domain. Also increased demand for food to accommodate global population, farmers try to multiply food production. Automation and intelligent decision system helps to accomplish this mission. AgroSearch is web based search tool help farmers to identify diseases and pests for pomegranate as well as provides remedy. User gives the query in the form of text, image and visual image click and gets results like search engine. It follows image preprocessing, feature extraction, training and testing respectively. Features extracted from images are color, color coherence vector and morphology. Clustering is done by applying K-Means algorithm. Finally classification of image using Multi-class Support Vector Machine into one of the class. Morphology feature gives better results. Accuracy of system is 84% and validated experimentally.
WCET analysis considering contention on memory bus in COTS-based multicores

The usage of COTS-based multicores is becoming widespread in the field of embedded systems. Providing realtime guarantees at design-time is a pre-requisite to deploy real-time systems on these multicores. This necessitates the consideration of the impact of the contention due to shared low-level hardware resources on the Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) of the tasks. As a step towards this aim, this paper first identifies the different factors that make the WCET analysis a challenging problem in a typical COTS-based multicore system. Then, we propose and prove, a mathematically correct method to determine tight upper bounds on the WCET of the tasks, when they are co-scheduled on different cores.
Development of a New Class of High order Implicit Non-Oscillatory Schemes for Conservation Laws

Title of Thesis: Development of a New Class of High order Implicit Non-Oscillatory Schemes for Conservation Laws Degree candidate: Karthikeyan Duraisamy Degree and year: Master of Science, 2004 Thesis directed by: Dr. Jian-Guo Liu Department of Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computation Hyperbolic conservation laws allow for discontinuities to develop in the solution. In order to obtain non-oscillatory solutions near discontinuities and high gradient regions, numerical schemes have to satisfy conditions additional to linear stability requirements. These restrictions render high order implicit time integration schemes impractical since the allowable time-step sizes are not much higher than that for explicit schemes. In this work, an investigation is made on the factors that cause these time-step restrictions and two novel schemes are developed in an attempt to overcome the severity of these restrictions. In the first method, the order of accuracy of the time integration is lowered in high gradient and discontinuous regions. In the second method, the solution is reconstructed in space and time in a non-oscillatory manner. These concepts are evaluated on model scalar and vector hyperbolic conservation equations. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a scheme that is accurate and unconditionally non-oscillatory. Development of a New Class of High order Implicit Non-Oscillatory Schemes for Conservation Laws by Karthikeyan Duraisamy Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2004 Advisory Committee: Professor Jian-Guo Liu, Chairman/Advisor Dr. James D. Baeder Dr. Ramani Duraiswami
The correlation of character education with critical thinking skills as an important attribute to success in the 21st century

This study aims to determine the relationship between character education and students critical thinking skills as the basis for success in the 21st century. The test instrument used is a critical thinking skill test using 4 items from the national exam, a character education questionnaire and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The sample used is 99 students from all students in SMA Batik 2 Surakarta. The data obtained were analyzed using Bivariate Person to determine the content validity and Cronbach alpha to find out the reliability of the instrument. The test used to determine the relationship of character education with critical thinking skills using the Mann-Whitney U test. The analyzed result obtained content validity (Rbis> 0,05) and instrument reliability is good enough with Alpha value 0,794 (> 0,70). Test results show that there is a relationship between character education and critical thinking skills with Asymp Sig. 2-tailed by 0.011 (<0.05).
A Modern School Needs Deeper Insight into Vision

Our vision is more challenged than ever, and our educational methods continually require awareness to visual stimuli and visual information. Are we sure that our students really see what we expect them to see? Eighty-six children, 5 to 12 years of age, went through a vision-screening program looking into, among others; their visual acuity, attention in the visual field and eye movements in reading. The results show that a specter of vision functions is developing up in teen age. Some students have serious eye motoric disturbances, which are not identified in health screening or education. Bergen University College has started a Continuing Professional Development (CPD) where teachers specialize in vision education. This have made these teachers capable to train and helped students to develop steadier eye movements and a better visual attention with effect on reading function. In future education, vision has to be focused to ensure that more students are able to complete school.
STRATEGIC PLANNING AS A LEARNING PROCESS , ITS EFFECT ON PLANNING EFFECTIVENESS AND BUSINESS UNIT PERFORMANCE-EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM A GERMAN STUDY

MOTIVATION Planning and – in particular – strategic planning have been characterized as learning processes. However, the extent to which strategic planning processes have a learning character seems to vary widely in practice. Some authors have even argued that formalized strategic planning processes discourage learning and may thus be counterproductive to the effectiveness of planning. Despite the high relevance of the underlying issue for strategic management, little empirical evidence has been collected so far regarding the actual impact of learning in the strategic planning process on the effectiveness of planning and business unit performance, as well as the factors that determine a higher or lower degree of learning in strategic planning.
Property Crime : Targeting versus Private Protection

In this paper, we look at a general equilibrium with private protection and criminal searching activities. In rich and heterogeneous neighbourhoods, criminals are more willing to spend resources to compare potential victims by searching for the most suitable victim. Therefore, private protection is more likely to be observed, and consequently serve as a base of comparison for criminals. If it is costly to observe and compare several victims, criminals will be more inclined to spend resources when the potential gains of comparison are high. Consequently, crime diversion e¤ect induced by this increased observability stimulates private protection in richer and more diverse neighbourhoods. This in turn increases the perceived heterogeneity of the potential victims, which encourages criminals to search even more, which stimulate private protection, and so on. Therefore, there is an amplifying e¤ect present in equilibrium. There implications of our model are tested using data from the Canadian Victimization Survey.
Transforming Extended Entity-Relationship Model into Object-Relational Database using Triple Graph Grammars

The entity-relationship and extended entity-relationship have been the most popular paradigms for conceptual database design. However, with the appearance of a new generation Object-relational database and UML, conceptual database modeling using the EER approach has not attracted much interest, although the EER model is still powerful when working with object-oriented databases. Therefore in this thesis we proposed a transformation method for ORDB based on the EER model. The transformation rules are defined using triple graph grammars, and represented in the MOFLON TGG editor. To verify the proposed method, we analyze the completeness and correctness of the model transformation, Following triple graph grammar rules, our proposed method can be applied in automatic ORDB development frameworks. Index Terms -Database, Triple graph grammar, ORDB, EER model