Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Video reconstruction via online compressed sensing

After analyzing the weakness of traditional video codec methods in processing real time compression of high-speed camera images. This paper designs a video codec method based on online compressed sensing (CS). The coding part uses pseudo-random down-sampling of the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D FFT) to process video frames. Meanwhile, combine approximate message passing (AMP) algorithms and three-dimensional dual-tree wavelet transform (3D DTWT) for offline decoding. Experimental results show that, this method could achieve high signal to noise ratio while simplified the coding process.
Sleep Apnea and White Matter Disease in Hypertensive Patients: A Case Series

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease. Transient episodes of hypoxia, hypercapnia, and blood pressure elevation during OSA may lead to neural damage and subsequently white matter disease (WMD). As WMD is usually the result of chronic small vessel ischemia, a relationship between OSA and cerebrovascular disease may exist. This case series aimed to establish a relationship between OSA and WMD. Sixty-two patients without cerebrovascular disease who had both a polysomnogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging were identified. All patients carried the diagnosis of HTN. WMD was evaluated using the age-related white matter changes scale. Although half of the study population had WMD on magnetic resonance imaging, no association was found between WMD with severity of OSA (P=0.9). Our results are limited by the small sample size and by coexistent HTN in all patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between OSA and WMD, especially among nonhypertensive patients. Future research should also address if OSA treatment has any effect on WMD.
Phase Coupling and Control of Oxide-Based Oscillators for Neuromorphic Computing

Neuromorphic computing using neural network hardware has attracted significant interest as it promises improved performance at low power for data-intensive error-resilient graphical signal processing. Oscillatory neural networks (ONNs) use either frequency or phase as state variables to implement frequency-shift keying (FSK)- and phase-shift keying (PSK)-based neural networks, respectively. To make these ONNs power and area efficient, back-end-of-the-line compatible, and capable of processing multilevel information, we explore an emerging class of oscillators that show fine-grain frequency-tuning and phase-coupling. We examine TaOx- and TiOx-based oscillators (resistive random access memory-type) as elements of a neuromorphic compute block and experimentally demonstrate: 1) frequency control over four decades using a ballast MOSFET; 2) variable phase coupling between oscillators; and 3) variable phase programming between oscillators coupled with a MOSFET. Such fine-grain control over both frequency and relative phase serve as the desirable characteristics of oscillators required for multilevel information processing in star-type directly coupled FSK- and PSK-based neuromorphic systems that find applications in gray-scale image processing and other graphical compute paradigms. These attributes combined with the small size (<;1 μm2) and simplicity, make these devices attractive candidates for realizing large-scale neuromorphic systems at reasonable size and power.
The Open Lexicon Interchange Format (OLIF) comes of age

This paper summarizes the current status of version 2 of the Open Lexicon Interchange Format (OLIF). As a natural extension of the OLIF prototype (OLIF version 1), version 2 has been modified with respect to content and formalization (e.g., it is now XML-compliant). These enhancements now make it possible to use OLIF in a variety of Natural Language Processing applications and general language technology environments (e.g., terminology management systems). At the time of writing, several industrial partners of the OLIF Consortium had already started work on implementing OLIF support. Details on OLIF can be found on www.olif. net.
Creating medical and drug code lists to identify cases in primary care databases

This paper demonstrates how compilation of medical and drug code lists for outcomes or exposures of interest for studies using primary care databases can be carried out efficiently using Stata. Use of Stata do‐files to record and execute the commands provides good documentation and ease of replication of the procedure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Practical Guide to Career Learning and Development: Innovation in careers education 11-19

List of figures Introduction Part 1 Preparing to teach Career Learning and Development 1. What is Career Learning and Development? 2. Teaching for Career Learning and Development 3. Curriculum Development Part 2 Facilitating Career Learning and Development 4. Career Learning and Development 11-14 5. Career Learning and Development 14-16 6. Career Learning and Development 16-19 Part 3 Developing your expertise in Career Learning and Development 7. Leading and managing Career Learning and Development
A Knowledge-Based Weighting Framework to Boost the Power of Genome-Wide Association Studies

Background We are moving to second-wave analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), characterized by comprehensive bioinformatical and statistical evaluation of genetic associations. Existing biological knowledge is very valuable for GWAS, which may help improve their detection power particularly for disease susceptibility loci of moderate effect size. However, a challenging question is how to utilize available resources that are very heterogeneous to quantitatively evaluate the statistic significances. Methodology/Principal Findings We present a novel knowledge-based weighting framework to boost power of the GWAS and insightfully strengthen their explorative performance for follow-up replication and deep sequencing. Built upon diverse integrated biological knowledge, this framework directly models both the prior functional information and the association significances emerging from GWAS to optimally highlight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for subsequent replication. In the theoretical calculation and computer simulation, it shows great potential to achieve extra over 15% power to identify an association signal of moderate strength or to use hundreds of whole-genome subjects fewer to approach similar power. In a case study on late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) for a proof of principle, it highlighted some genes, which showed positive association with LOAD in previous independent studies, and two important LOAD related pathways. These genes and pathways could be originally ignored due to involved SNPs only having moderate association significance. Conclusions/Significance With user-friendly implementation in an open-source Java package, this powerful framework will provide an important complementary solution to identify more true susceptibility loci with modest or even small effect size in current GWAS for complex diseases.
Calcitonin Gene‐Related Peptide Reduces Brain Injury in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Calcitonin gene-related peptide is an endogenous vasodilating neuropeptide with a dense concentration in the trigeminocerebrovascular system. It is hypothesized that depletion of this peptide contributes to delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage and that an exogenous supply of calcitonin gene-related peptide will augment ischemic cerebral blood flow and reduce neuronal injury. Methods In this study we have investigated the effect of an intravenous infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide (100 ng/kg per minute), started 1 hour before and continued throughout 4 hours of focal cerebral ischemia, on cerebral blood flow and the volume of brain injury in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results Calcitonin gene-related peptide produces a significant improvement in ischemic cerebral blood flow (32±2 compared with 13±2 mL/100 g per minute in the controls; t=6.92, P<.0001) with a concomitant reduction in the volume of ischemic brain injury (102±22 compared with 234±19 mm3; t=4.47, P<.001). Conclusions These findings lend support for the potential use of this peptide in the prophylactic treatment of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The Spread of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Is Polyclonal in Both an Endemic Setting in France and in an Epidemic Setting in Israel

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections occur both endemically and epidemically, and macrolide resistance has been spreading for 10 years worldwide. A substantial increased incidence of M. pneumoniae infections has been reported in several countries since 2010. Whether this increased incidence is attributed to different or to the same M. pneumoniae genotype is unknown. We have developed a multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) for the molecular typing of M. pneumoniae isolates. In this study, the MLVA typing method was modified and validated to be applicable directly to respiratory tract specimens without culture. This method was applied to 34 M. pneumoniae-positive specimens received at the Bordeaux Hospital, France, between 2007 and 2010 in an endemic setting, and to 63 M. pneumoniae-positive specimens collected during an epidemic surge of M. pneumoniae infections in 2010 in Jerusalem, Israel. The M. pneumoniae endemic spread was shown to be polyclonal in France, with 15 MLVA types identified. Strikingly, the Israeli epidemic surge was also a multi-clonal phenomenon, with 18 circulating MLVA types. The macrolide resistance-associated substitution, A2058G, was found in 22% of the Israeli patients. Macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae belonged to four MLVA types, the MLVA type Z being the most frequent one. An association between the MLVA type Z and macrolide resistance might exist since macrolide resistance was present or generated during the course of illness in all patients infected with this MLVA type. In conclusion, the discriminatory power of the MLVA showed that the spread of M. pneumoniae strains in France in an endemic setting was polyclonal as well as the surge of M. pneumoniae infections in Israel in 2010.
Cryptographic solution to a problem of access control in a hierarchy

Assume t h a t the users of a c o m p u t e r (or c o m m u n i c a t i o n ) s y s t e m are d iv ided in to a n u m b e r of d i s jo in t sets, /_}1, U2 . Un. T h e t e r m security class (or class, for short) is used to des igna te each of the Ui. A s s u m e fu r the r t h a t a b i n a r y r e l a t ion _< par t i a l ly orders the set S = ( U1, U 2 , . . . , /_7,} of classes. T h e m e a n i n g of Ui <Uj in the pa r t i a l ly ordered set (poset) (S, ~) is t h a t users in Ui have a security clearance lower t h a n or equa l to those in Uj. S i m p l y put , th is m e a n s t h a t users in Uj can have access to i n f o r m a t i o n he ld by (or de s t i ned to) users in Ui, while the opposi te is no t allowed. Le t xm be a piece of in fo rmat ion , or object, t h a t a cen t r a l a u t h o r i t y (CA) desires to s tore in (or b roadcas t over) the sys tem. T h e m e a n i n g of the subsc r ip t m is t h a t ob jec t x is accessible to users in class Urn. T h e par t i a l o rder on S impl ies t h a t xm is also accessible to users in all classes Ui such t h a t Um Ui. I t is r equ i r ed to design a sy s t em which, in add i t i on to sa t i s fy ing the above condi t ions , e n su r e s t h a t access to i n f o r m a t i o n is as decen t ra l i zed as possible. T h i s m e a n s t h a t au thor ized users shou ld be able to retrieve xm independent ly as soon as it is stored or broadcast by CA.
Investigating the implications of Hattie’s (2012) synthesis of meta-analyses for teaching higher education in further education

This paper investigates the implications of John Hattie’s synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses for lesson design and delivery within the context of a teacher training programme. A case study approach is used to structure a two-stage investigative strategy (Yin, 1981). Stage one involves an interpretive cycle that allows Hattie’s attributes of effective practice to become meaningful through a consideration of the context in which they are applied. Stage two builds on the findings of this review to translate ‘ways of thinking about teaching’ into ‘ways of teaching’ that accommodate different goals and abilities in order to impact a range of student outcomes. This paper documents progress from the first stage of the analysis. Through the investigation, effective teaching is represented as a process of evidence-informed inquiry and problem solving in which a cycle of reading, deliberation, and dialogue continues until a shared understanding emerges of the practices that enhance learning for individual students (Smythe et al., 2008). These practices include but are not limited to: providing feedback that takes students forward in their learning, using data on student learning to inform collaborative evaluations of teacher impact, and modifying teaching based on an informed consideration of the strategies that facilitate learning. Results suggest that practitioners need to develop a shared commitment to thinking that is willing to engage with evidence and use this as the basis for questioning mindsets, critiquing existing practices, and exploring new ideas; and a commitment to action that is open to managing a complex process of change.
Mjere osjetljivosti bihevioralnoga inhibicijskog i aktivacijskoga sustava kao prediktori dimenzija petofaktorskoga modela ličnosti

In the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, Gray (1987) described three hypothetical biological brain systems, assumed to represent underpinnings of the stable patterns of experience and behaviour. Most research has been devoted to studying behavioural inhibition system (BIS) and behavioural activation system (BAS), which have shown relatively stable associations with neuroticism and extroversion, respectively. BIS/BAS scale (Carver & White, 1994) is one of the most frequently used instruments for measuring these constructs. The questionnaire contains one scale of BIS sensitivity that captures reactions to appearance or anticipation of punishment, and three subscales of BAS sensitivity which are aimed to assess distinct but related constructs: BAS – Drive, that relate to persistence in achieving desired goals; BAS Fun seeking, that relates to desire for new rewarding experiences and indicates person's readiness to engage in potentially rewarding situation, and BAS – Reward sensitivity, that measures positive reactions to appearance or anticipation of reward. PSIHOLOGIJSKE TEME, 24, 2015 (2), 305-324 324 The aim of the current study was to explore to what extent individual differences in personality traits can be predicted based on measures of BIS and BAS sensitivity. In this paper we analysed the data of 284 female students, that completed translated and adapted Croatian version of BIS/BAS scales, as well as International Personality Item Pool (IPIP 50) which measures the Big-Five personality domains. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the factor structure of Croatian version of BIS/BAS scale was comparable to the original instrument. Results of the regression analysis revealed that BIS scale was a significant predictor of emotional instability, while BAS subscales showed different patterns of relationships with measured personality traits. These results indicate the importance of measuring distinct aspects of BAS sensitivity.
Sample Weighting: An Inherent Approach for Outlier Suppressing Discriminant Analysis

As the data acquirement technologies develop rapidly, both the amount and types of data become larger and larger. However, noise and outliers usually attach to the data and then affect the real performance of leaning algorithms in data mining and pattern analysis. To address this problem, the importance of the sample itself in building the optimal subspace is explored, and then an importance-sampling-inspired method is proposed for outlier suppressing feature extraction. First, we assign each sample a weight, which is estimated by graph Laplacian, and then calculate the approximated mean for each subject. By highlighting the most subject-oriented samples, the weighted average and the scatter metrics can be measured with maximum margins and superior classification performance. The supervised information integrates local data structure with respective contributions to building the optimal subspace. The linear criterion can be extended to a nonlinear case by the kernel trick. A regularization framework is proposed to deal with the rank-deficient problem, which is usually induced by the small sample size of training set. Competitive performance of our algorithm has been validated by extensive experiments performed on the synthetic and benchmark data, including facial images and gene micro-array data.
Noninvasive Assessment of Preclinical Atherosclerosis

Initially considered as a semipermeable barrier separating lumen from vessel wall, the endothelium is now recognised as a complex endocrine organ responsible for a variety of physiological processes vital for vascular homeostasis. These include the regulation of vascular tone, luminal diameter, and blood flow; hemostasis and thrombolysis; platelet and leucocyte vessel-wall interactions; the regulation of vascular permeability; and tissue growth and remodelling. The endothelium modulates arterial stiffness, which precedes overt atherosclerosis and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Unsurprisingly, dysfunction of the endothelium may be considered as an early and potentially reversible step in the process of atherogenesis and numerous methods have been developed to assess endothelial status and large artery stiffness. Methodology includes flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery, assessment of coronary flow reserve, carotid intimamedia thickness, pulse wave analysis, pulse wave velocity, and plethysmography. This review outlines the various modalities, indications, and limitations of available methods to assess arterial dysfunction and vascular risk.
A quantitative doxastic logic for probabilistic processes and applications to information-hiding

We introduce a novel modal logic, namely the doxastic μ-calculus with error control (DμCEC), and propose a formalization of probabilistic anonymity and oblivious transfer in the logic, and the validation of these formalizations on implementations formalized in probabilistic CCS. The distinguishing feature of our logic is to provide a combination of dynamic operators for belief (whence the attribute “doxastic”) with a control on the possible error of apprehension of the perceived reality, and for internalized probability. Both operators are dynamic (non-monotonic) thanks to the possibility of combining them with temporal operators, and are parameterized with a lower and upper probability bound (the error control).
Toward Ubiquitous Healthcare Services With a Novel Efficient Cloud Platform

Ubiquitous healthcare services are becoming more and more popular, especially under the urgent demand of the global aging issue. Cloud computing owns the pervasive and on-demand service-oriented natures, which can fit the characteristics of healthcare services very well. However, the abilities in dealing with multimodal, heterogeneous, and nonstationary physiological signals to provide persistent personalized services, meanwhile keeping high concurrent online analysis for public, are challenges to the general cloud. In this paper, we proposed a private cloud platform architecture which includes six layers according to the specific requirements. This platform utilizes message queue as a cloud engine, and each layer thereby achieves relative independence by this loosely coupled means of communications with publish/subscribe mechanism. Furthermore, a plug-in algorithm framework is also presented, and massive semistructure or unstructured medical data are accessed adaptively by this cloud architecture. As the testing results showing, this proposed cloud platform, with robust, stable, and efficient features, can satisfy high concurrent requests from ubiquitous healthcare services.
Three-Dimensional Scapular Kinematics in Patients with Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty during Arm Motion

Background There have been few reports on altered kinematics of the shoulder after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). We investigated differences in 3-dimensional (3D) scapular motions assessed using an optical tracking system between RTSA treated shoulders and asymptomatic contralateral shoulders during arm motion. Methods Thirteen patients who underwent RTSA were assessed for active arm elevation in 2 distinct elevation planes (sagittal plane flexion and scapular plane abduction). Their mean age was 72 years (range, 69 to 79 years) and the mean follow-up was 24.4 months (range, 13 to 48 months). The dominant side was the right side in all the 13 patients, and it was also the side treated with RTSA. Scapular kinematics was recorded with an optical tracking system. The scapular kinematics and the scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) of the RTSA shoulders and asymptomatic contralateral shoulders were recorded and analyzed during arm elevation. Results There were no significant differences in internal/external rotation and anterior/posterior tilting of the scapula between shoulders during arm motion (p > 0.05). However, upward rotation of the scapula differed significantly during arm motion (p = 0.035 for sagittal plane flexion; p = 0.046 for scapular plane abduction). There were significant differences in the SHR between the two shoulders (p = 0.016 for sagittal plane flexion; p = 0.021 for scapular plane abduction). Conclusions The shoulder kinematics after RTSA showed significant differences from the contralateral asymptomatic shoulders. Increased upward rotation and decreased SHR after RTSA indicate that RTSA shoulders use more scapulothoracic motion and less glenohumeral motion to elevate the arm.
Regression Density Estimation With Variational Methods and Stochastic Approximation

Regression density estimation is the problem of flexibly estimating a response distribution as a function of covariates. An important approach to regression density estimation uses finite mixture models and our article considers flexible mixtures of heteroscedastic regression (MHR) models where the response distribution is a normal mixture, with the component means, variances, and mixture weights all varying as a function of covariates. Our article develops fast variational approximation (VA) methods for inference. Our motivation is that alternative computationally intensive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods for fitting mixture models are difficult to apply when it is desired to fit models repeatedly in exploratory analysis and model choice. Our article makes three contributions. First, a VA for MHR models is described where the variational lower bound is in closed form. Second, the basic approximation can be improved by using stochastic approximation (SA) methods to perturb the initial solution to attain higher accuracy. Third, the advantages of our approach for model choice and evaluation compared with MCMC-based approaches are illustrated. These advantages are particularly compelling for time series data where repeated refitting for one-step-ahead prediction in model choice and diagnostics and in rolling-window computations is very common. Supplementary materials for the article are available online.