Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Tactical Grade Inertial Systems for MWD Process

A complete knowledge of the drill bit direction and orientation during the drilling process is essential to guarantee accurate directional drilling procedure. Presently, three accelerometers and three magnetometers are typically used as a part of the Measurement-While-Drilling MWD equipment. In some cases, the use of magnetometers has deleterious effect on the accuracy of the surveying process. This is due to the magnetic interference of the drill string, downhole ore deposits and other geomagnetic effects. Recently, gyroscopes have been proposed to aid the magnetometers in environments of high magnetic interference. This paper describes the development of a reliable MWD surveying technique utilizing Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) as a replacement of magnetometers. Tactical grade INS consisting of three gyroscopes and three accelerometers to be miniaturized inside the bottom-hole assembly is adopted in this study. The proposed system offers station-based surveying for monitoring of azimuth, inclination and tool face angles. Additionally, it provides continuous surveying by applying Kalman filtering to optimally integrate the sensor measurements and to provide both the drill bit position and orientation in realtime. This study also offers accurate modeling of INS long-term errors in order to achieve the desired accuracy for horizontal drilling applications. Pre-filtering using wavelet multi-resolution analysis is utilized in this study to improve the performance of both gyroscopes and accelerometers. This procedure removes most of the short-term and high frequency errors to separate the motion dynamics from the sources of vibration and shocks experienced downhole. The performance of the proposed system is examined using a special experimental setup that performs rotations similar to that experienced by the drill bit. The results showed that reliable MWD surveying performance can be achieved. The suggested INS-based MWD surveying technique eliminates the costly nonmagnetic drill collars for the magnetometers, survey the borehole continuously without interrupting the drilling process and improve the overall accuracy by utilizing real-time digital signal processing techniques.
Unsupervised Feature Learning for low-level Local Image Descriptors

Unsupervised feature learning has shown impressive results for a wide range of input modalities, in particular for object classification tasks in computer vision. Using a large amount of unlabeled data, unsupervised feature learning methods are utilized to construct high-level representations that are discriminative enough for subsequently trained supervised classification algorithms. However, it has never been \emph{quantitatively} investigated yet how well unsupervised learning methods can find \emph{low-level representations} for image patches without any additional supervision. In this paper we examine the performance of pure unsupervised methods on a low-level correspondence task, a problem that is central to many Computer Vision applications. We find that a special type of Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) performs comparably to hand-crafted descriptors. Additionally, a simple binarization scheme produces compact representations that perform better than several state-of-the-art descriptors.
A chloroplast cyclophilin functions in the assembly and maintenance of photosystem II in Arabidopsis thaliana

Photosynthetic light reactions rely on the proper function of large protein complexes (including photosystems I and II) that reside in the thylakoid membrane. Although their composition, structure, and function are known, the repertoire of assembly and maintenance factors is still being determined. Here we show that an immunophilin of the cyclophilin type, CYP38, plays a critical role in the assembly and maintenance of photosystem II (PSII) supercomplexes (SCs) in Arabidopsis. Mutant plants with the CYP38 gene interrupted by T-DNA insertion showed stunted growth and were hypersensitive to high light. Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence analysis and thylakoid membrane composition indicated that cyp38 mutant plants had defects in PSII SCs. Sucrose supplementation enabled the rescue of the mutant phenotype under low-light conditions, but failed to mitigate hypersensitivity to high-light stress. Protein radiolabeling assays showed that, although individual thylakoid proteins were synthesized equally in mutant and wild type, the assembly of the PSII SC was impaired in the mutant. In addition, the D1 and D2 components of the mutant PSII had a short half-life under high-light stress. The results provide evidence that CYP38 is necessary for the assembly and stabilization of PSII.
Predicting individual differences in L2 speakers’ gestures

While it is well known that there is a lot of variability in L2, researchers rarely measure the variability in L1 to predict the variability in L2. In this study we tested two explanations of the rate of gestures used in telling a story in L2: (1) a story-telling style underlying both L1 and L2 and (2) proficiency/fluency in L2. Hindi—English bilingual adults performed a story-telling task in their two languages. There was some support for the second predictor: the participants used more gestures in L2 than L1, consistent with gesturing to aid in accessing language. However, the results were strongly supportive of a story-telling style underlying both languages: the individual differences in gesture rate (along with the story length and the vocabulary variability) were highly correlated across languages but not correlated with L2 proficiency/fluency. These results illustrate the importance of studying L1 variability as an important predictor of L2 gesture use.
Development of Vaccines Against Burkholderia Pseudomallei

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative bacterium which is the causative agent of melioidosis, a disease which carries a high mortality and morbidity rate in endemic areas of South East Asia and Northern Australia. At present there is no available human vaccine that protects against B. pseudomallei, and with the current limitations of antibiotic treatment, the development of new preventative and therapeutic interventions is crucial. This review considers the multiple elements of melioidosis vaccine research including: (i) the immune responses required for protective immunity, (ii) animal models available for preclinical testing of potential candidates, (iii) the different experimental vaccine strategies which are being pursued, and (iv) the obstacles and opportunities for eventual registration of a licensed vaccine in humans.
Visual Tracking Based on Reversed Sparse Representation

In this paper, we propose a fast and robust tracking method based on reversed sparse representation. Be different from other sparse representation based visual tracking methods, the target template is sparsely represented by the candidate particles which are gotten by particle filter. In order to improve the robustness of the method, we use a target template set. Meanwhile, a two level competition mechanism is also introduced. In the first level, each target template is sparsely represented and all the candidate particles compete with each other by a similarity calculation, which is based on sparse coefficients. Then, the winners construct a target candidate set. In the second level, all the target candidates in the target candidate set compete with each other and the one which is the most similar to the template set is considered as the target. In addition, a template set update strategy is proposed to adapt the appearance variations of the target. Experimental results on challenging benchmark video sequences demonstrate that the proposed tracking algorithm performs favorably against several state-of-the-art methods.
Effective mechanisms for detecting and thwarting Distributed

The emergence of applications producing continuous high-frequency data streams has brought forth a large body of research in the area of distributed stream processing. In presence of high volumes of data, efforts have primarily concentrated on providing approximate aggregate or top-k type results. Scalable solutions for providing answers to window join queries in distributed stream processing systems have received limited attention to date. We provide a solution for the window join in a distributed stream processing system which features reduced inter-node communications achieved through automatic throughput handling based on resource availability. Our approach is based on incrementally updated discrete Fourier transforms (DFTs). Furthermore, we provide formulae for computingDFT compression factors in order to achieve information reduction. We perform WAN-based prototype experiments to ascertain the viability and establish the effectiveness of our method. Our experimental results reveal that our method scales in terms of throughput and error rates, achieving sub-linear message complexity in domains that exhibit a geographic skew in the joining attributes.
Twin Peaks goes Agile

Activities related to software requirements engineering and software architecture significantly contribute to the success of software development projects. In software engineering practice, requirements and architecture affect each other and should not be treated in isolation. However, from a research and conceptual perspective, the dependencies between requirements and architecture are usually investigated by focusing on either requirements engineering or software architecture. Therefore, the Fifth International Workshop on the Twin Peaks of Requirements and Architecture explored the relationship between requirements and software architecture in the broader context of software engineering in general. Based on the outcomes of previous editions of the workshop, this edition aimed at exploring the relationship between requirements and architecture in the context of agile software development. In general, the discussions at the workshop centered on proactive versus reactive software architecture engineering. We found that proactive architecture engineering provides benefits in certain contexts and domains. However, in order to succeed in competitive and fast-moving markets, reactive software architecture engineering may be more suitable, even though reactive architecture engineering could be difficult to in practice since it may require a different mindset from requirements engineers and architects.
Music Exploration by Impression Based Interaction

Search and recommendation systems help users find their favorites among an abundant amount of songs available on distributors such as iTunes. Nevertheless, it is still hard for us to efficiently retrieve the right music. This paper proposes an interactive music exploration system to help them reach their favorite songs by means of interactive feedbacks submitted by the user. The recommendation component of our system is based on the feedback component accepts the user's feedbacks in terms of impression features such as "more ballad-like" and "less pop-like". The proposed concepts have been implemented as an online demonstration system using a real world dataset.
Cultivation-Independent Characterization of Methylobacterium Populations in the Plant Phyllosphere by Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis

ABSTRACT Bacteria of the genus Methylobacterium are widespread in the environment, but their ecological role in ecosystems, such as the plant phyllosphere, is not very well understood. To gain better insight into the distribution of different Methylobacterium species in diverse ecosystems, a rapid and specific cultivation-independent method for detection of these organisms and analysis of their community structure is needed. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene-targeted primers specific for this genus were designed and evaluated. These primers were used in PCR in combination with a reverse primer that binds to the tRNAAla gene, which is located upstream of the 23S rRNA gene in the 16S-23S intergenic spacer (IGS). PCR products that were of different lengths were obtained due to the length heterogeneity of the IGS of different Methylobacterium species. This length variation allowed generation of fingerprints of Methylobacterium communities in environmental samples by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. The Methylobacterium communities on leaves of different plant species in a natural field were compared using this method. The new method allows rapid comparisons of Methylobacterium communities and is thus a useful tool to study Methylobacterium communities in different ecosystems.
"Weird Machines" in ELF: A Spotlight on the Underappreciated Metadata

Although software exploitation historically started as an exercise in coaxing the target's execution into attacker-supplied binary shellcode, it soon became a practical study in pushing the limits of unexpected computation that could be caused by crafted data not containing any native code. We show how the ABI metadata that drives the creation of a process' runtime can also drive arbitrary computation. We introduce our design and implementation of Cobbler, a proof-of-concept toolkit capable of compiling a Turing-complete language into well-formed ELF executable metadata that get "executed" by the runtime loader (RTLD). Our proof-of-concept toolkit highlights how important it is that defenders expand their focus beyond the code and data sections of untrusted binaries, both in static analysis and in the dynamic analysis of the early runtime setup stages as well as any time the RTLD is invoked.
Cartoon Water Rendering with Foam and Surface Smoothing

We present an extension to a previously developed method for rendering smooth surfaces of particle-based liquid simulations that is suitable for use in real-time interactive environments such as video games. Our extension uses a version of the bilateral filter to smooth the fluid's surface and introduce a new method for generating foam that is appropriate for non- photorealistic styles. The method occurs in screen space, which avoids the usual artifacts of polygonization techniques and all the steps are implemented directly in the graphics hardware. Performance and visual analysis are realized to demonstrate the applicability of the approach.
Effect of Anxiety on Verbal and Mathematical Examination Scores

validity of the test. It is important also to consider the question of how to heighten desirable emotional states and how to avoid undesirable ones. Although no attempt was made in this experiment to alter the subjects’ reactions, it was felt that a first step would be taken toward doing this by asking students what they become anxious about and by obtaining information on what groups of students are most strongly affected by the pressures put on them by an examination. It was thought, for example, that in some people fear of failure may facilitate preparation for a test, may key a person up to unusual effectiveness during the test, or may inspire great effort to obtain high grades in college. On the other hand, for other people fear of failure might have an inhibiting effect on any or all of these. Although there is a considerable literature on anxiety and its correlates, room is still left for speculation on the effect of anxiety on test scores, because a direct comparison of the same students
When can AQP4 assist transporter-mediated K+ uptake?

We agree with [Jin et al. (2013)][1] that astrocytes accumulate extracellular K+. They discuss how differences in (a) resting extracellular space (ECS) volume, (b) diffusion-limited water/K+ transport, and (c) ECS contraction during K+ reuptake may differently affect astrocytic K+ uptake in wild-
Academics' perceptions of the purpose of undergraduate research experiences in a research-intensive degree

The inclusion of research experiences as core components of undergraduate curricula implies that students will be exposed to and situated within the research activities of their university. Such experiences thus provide a new prism through which to view the relations between teaching, research and learning. The intentions and actions of academics supervising these activities will be strongly influenced by their beliefs regarding the nature of research, and the relation between research and learning in the undergraduate context. Surveys of academics supervising such experiences reveal a range of intentions, only some of which address the higher order and critical thinking skills associated with research or independent learning. This may indicate a lack of deep reflection on the purpose of exposing undergraduates to research, but may also be due to the predominance of a hierarchical view of the process by which one makes the transition from student to researcher.
Characterization of a vasa‐like gene from the pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and its expression during oogenesis

The vasa gene encodes an ATP‐dependent RNA helicase belonging to the DEAD‐box family that, in many organisms, is specifically expressed in germline cells throughout the life cycle. In this study we first cloned Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) partial cDNAs of two members of the DEAD‐box family, one belonging to the vasa subfamily (Lv‐Vasa) and the other to the PL10 subfamily (Lv‐PL10). Examination of their spatial expression pattern in adult tissues revealed that Lv‐Vasa is restricted to the gonads, whereas Lv‐PL10 is found in gonads as well as in somatic tissues. Next, we cloned the full‐length shrimp vasa cDNA and found that Lv‐Vasa encoded a protein with a DEAD‐like helicase domain followed by a helicase superfamily C‐terminal domain. In addition, Lv‐Vasa encoded N‐terminal three repeats of the C2HC‐type zinc finger domain, a motif encoded by vasa genes of several crustaceans and several other invertebrate organisms. In situ hybridization of ovarian sections showed that the Lv‐Vasa transcript is localized to the cytoplasm of the oocyte throughout oogenesis. The abundance of Lv‐Vasa mRNA in mature oocytes suggests a maternal contribution for the developing embryo. It is demonstrated that the vasa homolog from L. vannamei is a gonad specific germline cell marker that could be exploited to enhance our understanding of developmental and reproductive processes in the germline of this economically important shrimp. Mol. Reprod. Dev. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theory-Based Evaluation: The Case of Social Funds

The theory-based evaluation approach documents the assumptions implicit in program design and points to the data required to test these assumptions. Collecting and analyzing such data through quantitative and qualitative techniques enhances understanding of the validity of the assumptions and the relevance of key program processes. This article lays out the application of a theory-based approach to the evaluation of social fund projects, with a focus on the issues of subproject sustainability and institutional development impact. It shows the processes at work especially at the community level and tests the assumptions underlying social fund subproject sustainability and institutional development impact.
Cloning and Characterization of a Phragmites australis Phytochelatin Synthase (PaPCS) and Achieving Cd Tolerance in Tall Fescue

The production of phytochelatins (PCs) provides an important means for plants to achieve tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity. A reed gene encoding PC synthase (PaPCS) was isolated and its function tested through its heterologous expression in a strain of yeast sensitive to Cd. Subsequently, the Cd sensitive and high biomass accumulating species tall fescue was transformed either with PaPCS or PaGCS (a glutamyl cysteine synthetase gene of reed) on their own (single transformants), or with both genes together in the same transgene cassette (double transformant). The single and double transformants showed greater Cd tolerance and accumulated more Cd and PC than wild type plants, and their Cd leaf/root ratio content was higher. The ranking in terms of Cd and PC content for the various transgenic lines was double transformants>PaGCS single transformants>PaPCS single transformants>wild type. Thus PaGCS appears to exert a greater influence than PaPCS over PC synthesis and Cd tolerance/accumulation. The double transformant has interesting potential for phytoremediation.
Fetal Pancreas Transplants Are Dependent on Prolactin for Their Development and Prevent Type 1 Diabetes in Syngeneic but Not Allogeneic Mice

Transplantation of adult pancreatic islets has been proposed to cure type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, it is rarely considered in the clinic because of its transient effect on disease, the paucity of donors, and the requirement for strong immunosuppressive treatment to prevent allogeneic graft rejection. Transplantation of fetal pancreases (FPs) may constitute an attractive alternative because of potential abundant donor sources, possible long-term effects due to the presence of stem cells maintaining tissue integrity, and their supposed low immunogenicity. In this work, we studied the capacity of early FPs from mouse embryos to develop into functional pancreatic islets producing insulin after transplantation in syngeneic and allogeneic recipients. We found that as few as two FPs were sufficient to control T1D in syngeneic mice. Surprisingly, their development into insulin-producing cells was significantly delayed in male compared with female recipients, which may be explained by lower levels of prolactin in males. Finally, allogeneic FPs were rapidly rejected, even in the context of minor histocompatibility disparities, with massive graft infiltration with T and myeloid cells. This work suggests that FP transplantation as a therapeutic option of T1D needs to be further assessed and would require immunosuppressive treatment.
Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD)

A. Paranoid and Delusional Ideation 1. “People Are Stealing Things” Delusion (0) Not present (1) Delusion that people are hiding objects (2) Delusion that people are coming into the home and hiding objects or stealing objects (3) Talking and listening to people coming into the home 2. “One’s House Is Not One’s Home” Delusion (0) Not present (1) Conviction that the place in which one is residing is not one’s home (e.g., packing to go home; complaints, while at home, of “take me home”) (2) Attempt to leave domiciliary to go home (3) Violence in response to attempts to forcibly restrict exit