Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Participation in physical activity and the everyday life of people with physical disabilities: a review of the literature

This article questions how personal experiences from participating in physical activity may impact participation in other contexts of everyday life for people with physical disabilities. Seven databases were searched to identify papers published between 1987 and 2009. Fourteen qualitative studies were included in the final sample. Six themes were identified: learning social rules; being disabled in an able-bodied society; perception of identity; being part of a community, empowerment, maintenance and independence; theoretical framework for discussion is critical psychology and social learning theory. Physical activity seems to exert some impact on disability management, and athletic identity seems to be more empowered than disability identity. Disabled athletes seem to feel part of a special valued community. It is not evident if these experienced benefits imply an extended participation in society in general. Participation in physical activity seems to imply a psychological empowerment in a sports context that might lead to an extended participation in other contexts of everyday life. Physical competence achieved through physical activity may serve to help persons to stay socially connected, establish an ability to participate in activities and stay independent. Further research is needed to elucidate the question of this study.
COMPUTATIONAL MOTION SENSORS FOR AUTOGUIDED VEHICLES

This paper presents a hybrid approach used in designing a vision motion sensor for autonomous vehicles. It first describes the motion sensor, including the algorithm, architecture, pixel, and velocity map computation. Its implementation and performance are then discussed. The motion sensor is shown to improve size and performance when compared to CCD-based vision systems and previous approaches for focal plane motion computation.
Improved controls for LCC-VSC hybrid HVDC system

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission systems continue to be an excellent asset in modern power systems. The classical HVDC system and VSC-HVDC system showed greater advantages in power transmission and industry. Meanwhile major disadvantages like commutation failure, reactive power requirement in classical system and high cost, high switching losses and inability to handle DC line fault in VSC-HVDC system lead to the invention of LCC-VSC hybrid HVDC system. With no commutation failure, less reactive power requirement and reduced losses, the hybrid system is best suited for unidirectional power transmission scenarios, such as power transmission to islands and remote load centers, where the construction of new transmission lines is prohibitively expensive. The present work aims to study various aspects of hybrid HVDC system. The emphasis will be on developing appropriate control schemes at both rectifier and inverter terminals for efficient operation of the hybrid system and achieve best performance of the system under steady state and transient condition. The simulation study is carried in the PSCAD/EMTDC environment.
Epidemiological studies of depression among the elderly in residential and nursing homes

In Britain around 5% of persons aged 65 and above live in institutional accommodation. The largest proportion of these elderly people are cared for in local authority residential homes (Part I11 Homes) (Day and Klein, 1987). Concurrent with the rise in the numbers of very old people in Britain, a fall in the number of hospital beds is one factor leading to an accumulation of disabled individuals in residential and nursing homes, and elderly people with psychiatric illness are no exception to this trend. In other developed countries there is considerable variation in the percentage of elderly resident in institutions, and the type of care provided therein (Mann et d, 1984a). In general, it may be said that residential care forms a larger proportion of the available care in Britain than it does in many comparable societies, such as the USA and Australia, where nursing homes provide the bulk of long-term institutional care for the old (Mann et al., 1984a; Snowdon and Donnelly, 1986). The phenomenon of depression in residential and nursing homes has been subject to considerable investigation in recent years. The majority of studies have examined prevalence, and putative aetiologies may sometimes be inferred from these inquiries. Studies of incidence, comparative prevalence, treatment and outcome are few. This article will review current knowledge of the prevalence of depression in British residential homes, compare known rates with those found outside the UK and in non-residential settings, note factors associated with depression, and conclude by discussing incidence, treatment and outcome. DEFINITIONS OF DEPRESSION
View-Dependent Multiscale Fluid Simulation

Fluid flows are highly nonlinear and nonstationary, with turbulence occurring and developing at different length and time scales. In real-life observations, the multiscale flow generates different visual impacts depending on the distance to the viewer. We propose a new fluid simulation framework that adaptively allocates computational resources according to the viewer's position. First, a 3D empirical mode decomposition scheme is developed to obtain the velocity spectrum of the turbulent flow. Then, depending on the distance to the viewer, the fluid domain is divided into a sequence of nested simulation partitions. Finally, the multiscale fluid motions revealed in the velocity spectrum are distributed nonuniformly to these view-dependent partitions, and the mixed velocity fields defined on different partitions are solved separately using different grid sizes and time steps. The fluid flow is solved at different spatial-temporal resolutions, such that higher frequency motions closer to the viewer are solved at higher resolutions and vice versa. The new simulator better utilizes the computing power, producing visually plausible results with realistic fine-scale details in a more efficient way. It is particularly suitable for large scenes with the viewer inside the fluid domain. Also, as high-frequency fluid motions are distinguished from low-frequency motions in the simulation, the numerical dissipation is effectively reduced.
Integrating Service-Learning into an Introduction to Entrepreneurship Course

Despite fairly widespread recognition that entrepreneurship occurs in both profit and nonprofit enterprises, a review of experiential learning techniques in entrepreneurship education does not explicitly mention service-learning. This omission may be because of a perceived lack of relevance of the pedagogy to entrepreneurship, the belief that inexperienced students are not interested in or capable of the work, and/or faculty concern about the approach’s time-consuming nature. Yet service-learning can be a powerful pedagogy for teaching the skills and body of knowledge pertaining to entrepreneurship. This article chronicles the author’s experience integrating service-learning into an introductory undergraduate entrepreneurship course and offers it as a model for others to adapt to their own preferences and teaching context. It includes the author’s rationale for using service-learning, an abridged course syllabus, sample student reflection assignments, a project grading rubric, and other course materials. Client and student feedback as well as the author’s personal reflections on the learning experience are also provided.
Localization via multipath strengths in a CDMA2000 cellular network using neural networks

Localization is becoming more important with increasing number of cellular phone users. Due to safety aspects with increased emergency calls from mobile phones, new applications related to location based services, and the network optimization with increasing load, localization draws interest from both the academia and the industry. In this study, we propose a neural network based algorithm that uses multipath strengths to locate a mobile user without a GPS receiver. We validated our algorithm in a commercial network.
Online Communication, Interpersonal Attraction, and Friendship Formation

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ComputerMediated Communication (CMC) on interpersonal attraction, and to examine some underlying processes in the CMC-interpersonal attraction relationship. We identified three variables that may mediate the influence of CMC on interpersonal attraction: similarity, self-disclosure, and direct questioning. Focusing on these potential mediating variables, we formulated and tested three explanatory hypotheses: the CMC-induced similarity hypothesis, CMC-induced direct questioning hypothesis, and CMC-induced self-disclosure hypothesis. Eighty-one cross-sex dyads were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions: text-only CMC, visual CMC, and face-to-face communication. We did not find a direct effect of CMC on interpersonal attraction. However, we did find two positive indirect effects of text-only CMC on interpersonal attraction: Text-only CMC stimulated both self-disclosure and direct questioning, which in turn both enhanced interpersonal attraction. Results are discussed in light of uncertainty reduction theory and CMC theories. 1This chapter was published as: Antheunis, M.L. , Valkenburg, P.M. , & Peter, J. (2007). Computer-mediated communication and interpersonal attraction: An experimental test of two explanatory hypotheses. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 831836. Online Communication, Attraction, and Friendships
SEMPATH Ontology: Modeling Multidisciplinary Treatment Schemes Utilizing Semantics

A dramatic increase of demand for provided treatment quality has occurred during last decades. The main challenge to be confronted, so as to increase treatment quality, is the personalization of treatment, since each patient constitutes a unique case. Healthcare provision encloses a complex environment since healthcare provision organizations are highly multidisciplinary. In this paper, we present the conceptualization of the domain of clinical pathways (CP). The SEMPATH (SEMantic PATHways) Oontology comprises three main parts: 1) the CP part; 2) the business and finance part; and 3) the quality assurance part. Our implementation achieves the conceptualization of the multidisciplinary domain of healthcare provision, in order to be further utilized for the implementation of a Semantic Web Rules (SWRL rules) repository. Finally, SEMPATH Ontology is utilized for the definition of a set of SWRL rules for the human papillomavirus) disease and its treatment scheme.
The successful treatment of PTSD through overt cognitive behavioral therapy in non-responders to EMDR

This research investigated the efficacy of an operantly cognitive-behavioural trauma treatment protocol (TTP) in two cases that had previously been treated unsuccessfully with EMDR. In line with previous research, both participants improved following TTP, to the extent where one of the participants was asymptomatic at post-treatment and 3 month follow-up. These cases also demonstrate the ability of a cognitive-behavioural intervention to successfully treat childhood sexual abuse victims later in life.
Motion compensated compressed domain watermarking

The security has become an important issue in multimedia applications. The embedding of watermark bits in compressed domain is less computationally expensive as full decoding and re-encoding is not required. The motion coherency is an essential property to resist temporal frame averaging based attacks. The design of motion compensated embedding method in compressed domain is a challenging task. As far we know, no such embedding method is explored yet. In this paper, we propose a motion compensated compressed domain embedding method within a short video neighborhood that gives acceptable visual quality, embedding capacity, and robustness. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Gender Inequality and Higher Education

This paper reviews a diverse literature on gender and higher education. Gender inequality is more pronounced in some aspects of the educational systems than in others. The analysis distinguishes 1) access to higher education; 2) college experiences; and 3) postcollegiate outcomes. Women fare relatively well in the area of access, less well in terms of the college experience, and are particularly disadvantaged with respect to the outcomes of schooling. Explanations of gender inequality in higher education should distinguish between these different aspects of education and should explain those contexts in which women have attained parity as well as those in which they continue to lag behind men.
The effects of fear arousal, fear position, fear exposure, and sidedness on compliance with dietary instructions

Investigated the effects of fear arousal and sidedness variables on compliance with a dietary regimen. Experiments involved 202 women volunteers who were 10 per cent or more overweight, and aged 20-60 years. Experiment 1 involved a 3 (low, medium, high fear) × 2 (single, multiple exposure to fear message) × 2 (one-, two-sided communication) design. The fear levels involved discussing the health hazards of obesity. Experiment 2 manipulated the fear-message position relative to the recommendations (fear-recommendations, recommendations-fear, fear-delay-recommendations). Persuasive impact was measured via follow-up weight checks at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. Results indicate nonsignificant effects from sidedness and pre-standardised fear levels. Using subjects' fear arousal ratings medium fear is significantly better (p < .025), supporting Janis's curvilinear hypothesis. A single exposure to the fear message is superior (p < .025) to multiple exposures, the interaction with time being highly significant (p < .001). Experiment 2 results indicate the optimum position for the fear message as immediately prior to recommendations (p < .025). Results support both cognitive and fear-reduction hypotheses, but the latter is favoured.
Roles and Responsibilities of Secondary Special Education Teachers in an Age of Reform

Special education teachers in today's workplace must show “competence at teaching everything” (Mastropieri, 2001). They work in different settings, teaching and adapting content across all levels. Added to this complexity are reform efforts that are driving major changes in the entire special education system, including service delivery models and teacher roles. However, without an understanding of teachers' current roles and responsibilities, we cannot know if such recommendations are feasible or how they would change the world of practice. This study surveyed high school special education teachers to investigate their daily work lives. In general, participants taught courses in several different content areas, primarily in self-contained settings. They also held numerous nonteaching roles. All roles and responsibilities were independent of the number of years taught and of teachers' educational backgrounds. Implications for transforming teachers' work lives in an effort to increase student outcomes are discussed.
Children Like Dense Neighborhoods: Orthographic Neighborhood Density Effects in Novel Readers

Previous evidence with English beginning readers suggests that some orthographic effects, such as the orthographic neighborhood density effects, could be stronger for children than for adults. Particularly, children respond more accurately to words with many orthographic neighbors than to words with few neighbors. The magnitude of the effects for children is much higher than for adults, and some researchers have proposed that these effects could be progressively modulated according to reading expertise. The present paper explores in depth how children from 1st to 6th grade perform a lexical decision with words that are from dense or sparse orthographic neighborhoods, attending not only to accuracy measures, but also to response latencies, through a computer-controlled task. Our results reveal that children (like adults) show clear neighborhood density effects, and that these effects do not seem to depend on reading expertise. Contrarily to previous claims, the present work shows that orthographic neighborhood effects are not progressively modulated by reading skill. Further, these data strongly support the idea of a general language-independent preference for using the lexical route instead of grapheme-to-phoneme conversions, even in beginning readers. The implications of these results for developmental models in reading and for models in visual word recognition and orthographic encoding are discussed. La investigación previa con lectores principiantes de ingles sugiere que algunos efectos ortográficos, tales como los efectos de la densidad (vecindad ortográfica), podrían ser más fuertes para los niños que para los adultos. En especial, los niños responden con mayor precisión a las palabras con muchos vecinos ortográficos que a las palabras con pocos vecinos. La magnitud de los efectos para los niños es mucho más alta que para los adultos, y algunos investigadores han propuesto que estos efectos podrían modularse progresivamente en función de la competencia lectora. Este estudio explora en profundidad cómo los niños de 1 a 6 curso Ilevan a cabo una decisión léxica con las palabras procedentes de vecindades ortográficas densas o escasas, atendiendo no sólo a las medidas de precisión sino también a las latencias de respuesta, mediante una tarea controlada por ordenador. Nuestros resultados revelan que los niños (como los adultos) muestran claros efectos de densidad (vecindad ortográfica), y que dichos efectos no parecen depender de la competencia lectora. Al contrario de observaciones previas, el trabajo actual muestra que los efectos de vecindad ortográfica no se modulan progresivamente según la competencia lectora. Además, estos datos claramente apoyan la idea de la preferencia por la ruta léxica, que no depende del lenguaje, en vez de las conversiones grafema-a-fonema, incluso en lectores principiantes. Se comentan las implicaciones de estos resultados para los modelos evolutivos de la lectura y para los modelos de reconocimiento visual de las palabras y la codificación ortográfica.
Working as a Hospice Volunteer

Drawing on recent qualitative research undertaken in a large English hospice, this article discusses the experience of being a hospice volunteer. The research explored a range of issues connected to the process and experience of voluntary work in this setting including who volunteers, what roles volunteers take up, how they are trained and supported, and the ways in which role boundaries are established and maintained. The research revealed that hospice volunteering is rewarding but often emotionally challenging, and is now highly routinized and closely monitored in ways paralleling practices in the paid labor market. Although volunteers freely give their time to the work of hospice, their activities are subject to significant management prescription, with hospices increasingly adopting sophisticated business models to underpin their operation and, in many cases, their expansion (Watts, 2010).
Root Mean Square Decomposition for EST-Based Spatial Multiplexing Systems

We consider the transceiver design for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems when the channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter as well as the receiver. First, we propose an open-loop low-complexity MIMO spatial multiplexing scheme based on the energy spreading transform (EST-SM). The EST-SM can spatially multiplex multiple data streams and iteratively detect the data streams with almost negligible interstream interference at sufficiently high SNR. Then, we propose a closed-loop precoding scheme suitable for the EST-SM called root mean square decomposition (RMSD) scheme. The RMSD precoding scheme combined with the EST-SM decomposes a MIMO channel into multiple subchannels with identical SNRs. This desired property minimizes bit error rate (BER) when different bit allocations on different subchannels, which cause a significant increase in system complexity, are not used. We show that when the EST-SM is used the RMSD scheme is optimal in BER performance and it achieves full diversity. Simulation results show that the RMSD scheme outperforms other existing techniques such as the geometric mean decomposition (GMD) scheme (Jiang , IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 3791-3803) and the uniform channel decomposition (UCD) scheme1 (Jiang , IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 53, no. 11, pp. 4283-4294) in BER performance.
Social Group Work for Young Offenders with Learning Disabilities

ABSTRACT Despite the high incidence of learning disabilities among young offenders, research suggests that young offenders with learning disabilities do not receive interventions that address their learning disabilities. Group treatment approaches for young offenders typically utilize a cognitive-behavioral orientation. Cognitive behavioral techniques have been found to be effective with the young offender population by targeting their faulty thinking. However, cognitive behavioral treatment is less effective with youth who have academic delays. Individuals with learning disabilities may have difficulties with the cognitive tasks used in cognitive behavioral treatment. This paper describes a treatment group, with illustrations, adapted for young offenders with learning disabilities, combining cognitive-behavioral and mutual-aid principles.
Impact of National Smoke-Free Legislation on Educational Disparities in Smoke-Free Homes: Findings from the SIDRIAT Longitudinal Study

Families with lower socioeconomic status are less likely to adopt household smoking bans (HSB). The aim of this study was to determine whether socioeconomic disparities in HSB prevalence in Italy decreased 7–9 years after the introduction of the Italian ban on smoking in public places. A longitudinal, 12-year, two-wave study was conducted on a sample of 3091 youths aged 6–14 years in 2002; 1763 (57%) were re-interviewed in 2012–2014. A Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to assess the association between socioeconomic disparities and HSB prevalence. The adoption of HSBs significantly increased from 60% in 2002 to 75% in 2012–2014, with the increase recorded in youths with ≥1 smoking parent only (from 22% at baseline to 46% at follow-up). The presence of HSBs at baseline was more likely in families with ≥1 graduate parent compared to those with no graduate parents (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–1.57), either in families with ≥1 smoking parent (PR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.17–1.58) or in families with non-smoking parents (PR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01–2.56). Conversely, at follow-up socioeconomic disparities dropped since families with no graduate parents were 1.5-fold more likely to introduce a HSB between the two waves. The Italian ban on smoking in public places may have increased the adoption of smoke-free homes in families with smoking and non-graduate parents, causing the drop of the socioeconomic gap in smoke-free homes.