Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint Pixel and Feature-level Domain Adaptation in the Wild

Recent developments in deep domain adaptation have allowed knowledge transfer from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain at the level of intermediate features or input pixels. We propose that advantages may be derived by combining them, in the form of different insights that lead to a novel design and complementary properties that result in better performance. At the feature level, inspired by insights from semi-supervised learning in a domain adversarial neural network, we propose a novel regularization in the form of domain adversarial entropy minimization. Next, we posit that insights from computer vision are more amenable to injection at the pixel level and specifically address the key challenge of adaptation across different semantic levels. In particular, we use 3D geometry and image synthesization based on a generalized appearance flow to preserve identity across higher-level pose transformations, while using an attribute-conditioned CycleGAN to translate a single source into multiple target images that differ in lower-level properties such as lighting. We validate on a novel problem of car recognition in unlabeled surveillance images using labeled images from the web, handling explicitly specified, nameable factors of variation through pixel-level and implicit, unspecified factors through feature-level adaptation. Extensive experiments achieve state-of-the-art results, demonstrating the effectiveness of complementing feature and pixel-level information via our proposed domain adaptation method.
Antigen Processing in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Is Monitored by Semi-Invariant αβ TCRs Specific for a Conserved Peptide–Qa-1b MHC Class Ib Ligand

Ag processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the ER aminopeptidase associated with Ag processing (ERAAP) is central to presentation of a normal peptide–MHC class I (MHC I) repertoire. Alternations in ERAAP function cause dramatic changes in the MHC I–presented peptides, which elicit potent immune responses. An unusual subset of CD8+ T cells monitor normal Ag processing by responding to a highly conserved FL9 peptide that is presented by Qa-1b, a nonclassical MHC Ib molecule (QFL) in ERAAP-deficient cells. To understand the structural basis for recognition of the conserved ligand, we analyzed the αβ TCRs of QFL-specific T cells. Individual cells in normal wild-type and TCRβ-transgenic mice were assessed for QFL-specific TCR α- and β-chains. The QFL-specific cells expressed a predominant semi-invariant TCR generated by DNA rearrangement of TRAV9d-3–TRAJ21 α-chain and TRBV5–TRBD1–TRBJ2-7 β-chain gene segments. Furthermore, the CDR3 regions of the α- as well as β-chains were required for QFL ligand recognition. Thus, the αβ TCRs used to recognize the peptide–Qa-1 ligand presented by ERAAP-deficient cells are semi-invariant and likely reflect a conserved mechanism for monitoring the fidelity of Ag processing in the ER.
FE ANALYSIS OF BOND FOR SMOOTH FRP RODS EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE

The main objective of this paper is to propose a reliable method for numerical analysis of the bond interaction between FRP composites and concrete. The outline of research is based on a numerical simulation of an experiment, conducted in literature. Friction and chemical adhesion are the presumed factors supplying bond resistance. Contact parameters are evaluated and calibrated. Numerical graphs are compared with tentative results as a validation. Curves indicating changes in tangential and normal statue of the interface are shown.
A practical guide to thiopurine prescribing and monitoring in IBD

Thiopurines are often the mainstay of treatment for many patients with inflammatory bowel disease. As such, a general understanding of the evidence behind their use and of their metabolism is extremely useful in clinical practice. This review gives a practical overview of thiopurine metabolism, the importance of thiopurine S-methyltransferase testing prior to the start of therapy and the monitoring of thioguanine nucleotide levels while on treatment, guiding a personalised approach to optimising thiopurine therapy.
Evidence for nonconscious behavior-copying in young children

Behavioral mimicry is the nonconscious copying of an interaction partner’s behavior and is affected by social dynamics. Whereas it has been studied extensively in adults, little is known about the development of mimicry. The aims of this study were twofold, first to identify whether young children demonstrate mimicry and, second, to investigate whether young children’s mimicry displays sensitivity to social dynamics. Using a video-based paradigm, 40-month-old children observed six types of behaviors (i.e. yawning, laughing, frowning, cheek-scratching, mouth-rubbing and head-wiggling) performed by a model which they had previously seen either helping or hindering another model. Results indicate that children carried out five of the six behaviors more often while watching the behavior videos than during baseline. However, no differences were found between the two social manipulations. We conclude that young children demonstrate mimicry like that reported in adults and discuss the possible causes of the absence of a social effect.
Analytical Solution of Circuits Employing Voltage- and Current-Excited Memristors

The analysis of complicated circuits containing nonlinear electrical elements is commonly performed via numerical algorithms of simulation programs. However, an analytical solution can be preferable to the numerical approach, particularly for the needs of basic research. This paper introduces a methodology of the analytical solution of voltage/current response of the memristor to its excitation from ideal current/voltage source, with the memristor being characterized by the memristance-charge or memductance-flux relationships. The procedure is explained on examples of a TiO2 memristor with linear dopant drift and of a hydraulic memristor.
Towards Representing and Querying Arguments on the Semantic Web

This paper demonstrates the potential of the Semantic Web as a platform for representing, navigating and processing arguments on a global scale. We use the RDF Schema (RDFS) ontology language to specify the ontology of the recently proposed Argument Interchange Format (AIF) and an extension thereof to Toulmin's argument scheme. We build a prototype Web-based system for demonstrating basic querying for argument structures expressed in the Resource Description Framework (RDF). An RDF repository is created using the Sesame open source RDF server, and can be accessed via a user interface that implements various user-defined queries.
Dynamics of Cell Ensembles on Adhesive Micropatterns: Bridging the Gap between Single Cell Spreading and Collective Cell Migration

The collective dynamics of multicellular systems arise from the interplay of a few fundamental elements: growth, division and apoptosis of single cells; their mechanical and adhesive interactions with neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix; and the tendency of polarized cells to move. Micropatterned substrates are increasingly used to dissect the relative roles of these fundamental processes and to control the resulting dynamics. Here we show that a unifying computational framework based on the cellular Potts model can describe the experimentally observed cell dynamics over all relevant length scales. For single cells, the model correctly predicts the statistical distribution of the orientation of the cell division axis as well as the final organisation of the two daughters on a large range of micropatterns, including those situations in which a stable configuration is not achieved and rotation ensues. Large ensembles migrating in heterogeneous environments form non-adhesive regions of inward-curved arcs like in epithelial bridge formation. Collective migration leads to swirl formation with variations in cell area as observed experimentally. In each case, we also use our model to predict cell dynamics on patterns that have not been studied before.
Theoretical and experimental investigations into dieless drawing

Some experimental and theoretical results are presented for the dieless drawing method. Because of the absence of a rigid die considerable flexibility is reached by this method. For example it is possible to achieve very high strains in one pass. Unlike in conventional drawing it is possible to produce parts with variable cross-sections along the length by varying the drawing velocity appropriately. This is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. To model this process a simple one-dimensional disk model is suggested. The resultant temperature distribution is compared with previous calculations.
A 6-Month Open-Label Extension Study of Vortioxetine in Pediatric Patients with Depressive or Anxiety Disorders

Abstract Objectives: In this 6-month open-label extension (OLE) of NCT01491035 (a 14-day, open-label, pharmacokinetic/safety lead-in study), the long-term safety and tolerability of vortioxetine (5–20 mg/day) were investigated in children and adolescents with a DSM-IV-TR™ diagnosis of depressive or anxiety disorder in the United States or Germany. The study also was designed to provide data to inform dose selection and titration in future pediatric studies with vortioxetine. Methods: Safety evaluations included spontaneously reported adverse events (AEs), the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), and the Pediatric Adverse Events Rating Scale (PAERS; clinician administered). Clinical effectiveness was determined by Clinical Global Impressions. Comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was permitted, including concomitant use of stimulant medication (US sites only). Results: Of the 47 patients who completed the lead-in period, 41 continued into the OLE. Most patients (n = 39 [95%]) continued their previous dose regimen. Twenty-one patients (51%) withdrew during the OLE; the most common primary reasons were administrative [n = 8], AEs [n = 4], and lack of efficacy [n = 3]. Thirty-five patients (85%) had ≥1 AE, 86% of which were mild or moderate in severity. Five patients (12%) reported a severe AE, none of which was considered related to study medication. The most common AEs (≥10%) were headache (27%), nausea (20%), dysmenorrhea (females; 19%), and vomiting (15%), with no relationship between AE intensity and age or dose. Five patients reported instances of suicidal ideation during the OLE, one of whom also reported this during the lead-in period. Two patients had nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior; one had a nonfatal suicide attempt. Throughout the study, there was a decrease over time in the incidence and intensity of AEs collected using the PAERS. Effectiveness assessment indicated a trend toward improvement based on numeric results. Conclusion: This OLE confirms the findings from the lead-in study, which concluded that a dosing strategy of 5–20 mg/day is safe, well tolerated, and suitable for future clinical studies of vortioxetine in pediatric patients.
Individualized feeding assistance care for nursing home residents: staffing requirements to implement two interventions.

BACKGROUND Recommendations have been made to increase the number of nursing home (NH) staff available to provide feeding assistance during meals and to individualize care for residents. However, there are few data reflecting the number of residents responsive to feeding assistance during meals and what alternative interventions might be appropriate for other residents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects and staffing requirements of two individualized feeding assistance interventions to improve oral food and fluid intake in NH residents. METHODS Skilled nursing participants (n = 134) in 3 NHs received a 2-day trial of one-on-one feeding assistance during 6 meals. 68 participants who did not increase their oral intake in response to feeding assistance during meals received a 2-day intervention trial during which snacks were offered between meals 3 times daily. As part of both interventions, research staff provided adequate feeding assistance that enhanced the resident's self-feeding ability, social stimulation throughout the meal or snack period, and availability of choices for foods and fluids. RESULTS 46% significantly increased their oral intake in response to one-on-one mealtime feeding assistance, and the staff time required to implement this intervention was 35 (+/- 8) minutes/meal per resident compared with usual NH care, which averaged 6 (+/- 9) minutes. 44% of the participants significantly increased their oral intake in response to the between-meal snack intervention, which required 12 (+/- 6) minutes of staff time per snack/resident compared with usual NH care (1 +/- 4 minutes). CONCLUSIONS Most participants (90%) significantly increased their daily oral food and fluid intake in response to one of two individualized interventions. The staff time necessary to implement each intervention was significantly greater than the staff time currently being spent on feeding assistance care delivery. Suggestions are made to increase the efficiency of staff time when delivering feeding assistance.
Nerve growth factor induces facial heat hyperalgesia and plays a role in trigeminal neuropathic pain in rats

There is preclinical evidence that nerve growth factor (NGF) contributes toward inflammatory hyperalgesia in the orofacial region, but the mechanisms underlying its hyperalgesic effect as well as its role in trigeminal neuropathic pain require further investigation. This study investigated the ability of NGF to induce facial heat hyperalgesia and the involvement of tyrosine kinase receptor A, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, and mast cells in NGF pronociceptive effects. In addition, the role of NGF in heat hyperalgesia in a model of trigeminal neuropathic pain was evaluated. NGF injection into the upper lip of naive rats induced long-lasting heat hyperalgesia. Pretreatment with an antibody anti-NGF, antagonists of tyrosine kinase receptor A, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors or compound 48/80, to induce mast-cell degranulation, all attenuated NGF-induced hyperalgesia. In a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain, local treatment with anti-NGF significantly reduced heat hyperalgesia. In addition, increased NGF levels were detected in the ipsilateral infraorbital nerve branch at the time point that represents the peak of heat hyperalgesia. The results suggest that NGF is a prominent hyperalgesic mediator in the trigeminal system and it may represent a potential therapeutic target for the management of painful orofacial conditions, including trigeminal neuropathic pain.
Learning From Unannotated QA Pairs to Analogically Disambiguate and Answer Questions

Creating systems that can learn to answer natural language questions has been a longstanding challenge for artificial intelligence. Most prior approaches focused on producing a specialized language system for a particular domain and dataset, and they required training on a large corpus manually annotated with logical forms. This paper introduces an analogy-based approach that instead adapts an existing general purpose semantic parser to answer questions in a novel domain by jointly learning disambiguation heuristics and query construction templates from purely textual question-answer pairs. Our technique uses possible semantic interpretations of the natural language questions and answers to constrain a query-generation procedure, producing cases during training that are subsequently reused via analogical retrieval and composed to answer test questions. Bootstrapping an existing semantic parser in this way significantly reduces the number of training examples needed to accurately answer questions. We demonstrate the efficacy of our technique using the Geoquery corpus, on which it approaches state of the art performance using 10-fold cross validation, shows little decrease in performance with 2-folds, and achieves above 50% accuracy with as few as 10 examples.
Dietary restriction increases variability in longevity

Nutritional environments, particularly those experienced during early life, are hypothesized to affect longevity. A recent cross-taxa meta-analysis found that, depending upon circumstance, average longevity may be increased or decreased by early-life dietary restriction. Unstudied are the effects of diet during development on among-individual variance in longevity. Here, we address this issue using emerging methods for meta-analysis of variance. We found that, in general, standard deviation (s.d.) in longevity is around 8% higher under early-life dietary restriction than a standard diet. The effects became especially profound when dietary insults were experienced prenatally (s.d. increased by 29%) and/or extended into adulthood (s.d. increased by 36.6%). Early-life dietary restriction may generate variance in longevity as a result of increased variance in resource acquisition or allocation, but the mechanisms underlying these largely overlooked patterns clearly warrant elucidation.
Booting up the organism during development: Pre-behavioral functions of the vertebrate brain in guiding body morphogenesis

ABSTRACT A recent study in Xenopus laevis embryos showed that the very early brain has important functions long before behavior. While the nascent brain is being constructed, it is required for normal patterning of the muscle and peripheral nerve networks, including those far away from the head. In addition to providing important developmental signals to remote tissues in normal embryogenesis, its presence is also able to render harmless exposure to specific chemicals that normally act as teratogens. These activities of the early brain can be partially compensated for in a brainless embryo by experimental modulation of neurotransmitter and ion channel signaling. Here, we discuss the major findings of this paper in the broader context of developmental physiology, neuroscience, and biomedicine. This novel function of the embryonic brain has significant implications, especially for understanding developmental toxicology and teratogenesis in the context of pharmaceutical and environmental reagents.
A rapid technique for extraction of yolk cholesterol.

Abstract Modifications were made in the Folch (1956) procedure of extraction of cholesterol to obtain a simpler, more rapid extraction of egg yolk cholesterol with no loss of accuracy and repeatability. In the modified extraction procedure 15 ml. of 2:1 chloroform-methanol was added to 1 gm. egg yolk, the sample shaken by hand, 5 ml. of H2O added and the sample again shaken by hand. After centrifugation, the removal of the aqueous-methanol layer and filteration of the chloroform layer, the cholesterol content of samples was determined. The amount of cholesterol extracted and recovered by the modified technique was significantly higher than when the original extraction procedure was used. The increased extraction was due both to the smaller volume of chloroform-methanol used in emulsification and to the method of shaking. Substitution of KCl solution for water, or addition of sodium sulfate appeared to have no effect on the cholesterol extracted. The coefficient of variability for extractions obtained by the modified method was 9.8% compared to 29.9% for extractions obtained by the original procedure.
Study and Comparison the Efficiency of Mualem-Van Genuchten and Brooks-Corey Models in Predicting Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Compacted Soils

Soil hydraulic properties including soil water characteristics curve and hydraulic conductivity are two important properties to determination of water movement in soil. Hydraulic conductivity plays an important role in underground water movement, water flow to porous medium and pollutants transferring. Measuring these parameters in laboratory is costly and time-consuming. So, mathematical models were developed. Nowadays, numerous empirical models were presented to prediction of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity which of these models we can point out Gardner model, Campbell, Brooks-Corey and Mualem- Van Genuchten models. Present study was conducted on compacted soils in laboratory. Samples were collected from 0-10cm depth and Compaction created by proctor in six replication and four levels including C0 (control), C1, C2 and C3 by increasing in soil bulk density with the ratio of 5, 10 and 15%, respectively. Unsaturated hydraulic conductivity for these treatments evaluated and compared using Mualem-Van Genuchten (VG) and Brooks-Corey (BC) models by RETC software and identified that unsaturated hydraulic conductivity increased due to increase in fine pores as compaction increased and amount of correlation coefficients between moisture content and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in BC model for all compaction treatments was more than those for VG model.
A Novel Semantic Web Service Configuration Approach

Describing and verifying Web services using formal method in Web service configuration are a hot research. According to relevant semantics of configuration elements of Web service ontology, π-calculus was applied as formal tool to describe and model Web services configuration. The dynamic behaviors of the established model could be verified and configuration errors such as deadlocks could be detected in advance, as a result the configuration duration was decreased and runtime failure was avoided. After verification, we select the optimization QoS path to complete the configuration using QPSO. Finally, the experiments results prove the soundness and correctness of our model and algorithm.
Improving the Florentine algorithms: recovering algorithms for Motzkin and Schröder paths

We present random sampling procedures for Motzkin and Schr\"oder paths, following previous work on Dyck paths. Our algorithms follow the anticipated rejection method of the Florentine algorithms (Barcucci et al. 1994+), but introduce a recovery idea to greatly reduce the probability of rejection. They use an optimal amount of randomness and achieve a better time complexity than the Florentine algorithms.
Green data transmission in power line communications

This paper presents a green data transmission approach to enhance the energy efficiency of power line communications (PLC) by jointly utilizing signal detection and resource allocation techniques. Due to the awareness of the interference as enabled by the signal detection function, the proposed PLC system can adaptively adjust the transmission parameters. Furthermore, given a power budget, a performance optimization algorithm is proposed that maximizes the energy efficiency of PLC by optimally choosing the signal detection duration and the transmit power. Simulation results show that the proposed system can not only mitigate the effects of interference, but also considerably improve the energy efficiency of PLC when compared with the existing PLC systems.
Personal Mobile Malware Guard PMMG: a mobile malware detection technique based on user's preferences

Mobile malware has increased rapidly last 10 years. This rapid increase is due to the rapid enhancement of mobile technology and their power to do most work for their users. Since mobile devices are personal devices, then a special action must be taken towards preserving privacy and security of the mobile data. Malware refers to all types of software applications with malicious behavior. In this paper, we propose a malware detection technique called Personal Mobile Malware Guard ? PMMG- that classifies malwares based on the mobile user feedback. PMMG controls permissions of different applications and their behavior according to the user needs. These preferences are built incrementally on a personal basis according to the feedback of the user. Performance analysis showed that it is theoretically feasible to build PMMG tool and use it on mobile devices.