Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization, routing and its security in UWSN — A survey

Underwater sensor networks are promising apparatus for the discovery of the ocean. For localization and networking protocol, this sensor network requires new robust solution. For terrestrial sensor network various localization algorithms and routing protocols have been proposed, there are very few localization and routing techniques for UWSN. Compare to terrestrial sensor network the features of underwater sensor network are basically different. Underwater acoustic communication is described by stringent physical layer condition with severe bandwidth restrictions. In underwater the uneven rate of sound and the long propagation delay create a distinct set of challenges for localization and routing in UWSN. This paper surveyed the different localization and routing schemes that are applicable to underwater sensor networks, the dispute in meeting the condition created by rising function for such network, attacks, security requirement in UWSN and localization and routing security in UWSN.
Wavelet Distance Measure for Person Identification Using Electrocardiograms

In this paper, the authors present an evaluation of a new biometric based on electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms. ECG data were collected from 50 subjects during three data-recording sessions on different days using a simple user interface, where subjects held two electrodes on the pads of their thumbs using their thumb and index fingers. Data from session 1 were used to establish an enrolled database, and data from the remaining two sessions were used as test cases. Classification was performed using three different quantitative measures: percent residual difference, correlation coefficient, and a novel distance measure based on wavelet transform. The wavelet distance measure has a classification accuracy of 89%, outperforming the other methods by nearly 10%. This ECG person-identification modality would be a useful supplement for conventional biometrics, such as fingerprint and palm recognition systems.
Contemporary Patterns and Survival Outcome of Adjuvant Systemic Therapy for Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

Objectives: To describe contemporary patterns of and factors associated with adjuvant therapy use and survival outcome after resection of localized gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) using a large contemporary clinical database. Methods: We queried the National Cancer Data Base to identify localized GIST cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2011, and used descriptive and logistic regression analyses to determine patterns of and factors associated with adjuvant therapy. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazard model were utilized to generate survival probabilities and hazard ratios (HRs). Results: Of 4694 patients, 73.5% received surgery alone, and 26.5% received adjuvant therapy during 2004 to 2011. Receipt of adjuvant therapy more than doubled between 2006 (13.2%) and 2007 (30.5%), peaked to 37.9% in 2009, and then decreased to 25.6% in 2011 (P for trend<0.0001). Receipt of adjuvant therapy monotonically decreased with older age (P for trend<0.0001), and was higher in patients with larger tumor size (>10 cm) than those with smaller tumor size (⩽5 cm) (44.1% vs. 15.8%; P<0.0001). Patients who received adjuvant therapy had 46% lower risk of death than those who received surgery alone (HR=0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.79; P<0.001); survival benefit was statistically significant for GISTs with >10 cm tumor size (HR=0.42; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.89; P=0.02). Conclusions: In a large nationwide dataset, we showed that the use of adjuvant therapy for localized GISTs has significantly increased over time and patients treated with adjuvant therapy have better survival than patients treated with surgery alone.
ELEVATED GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION AND NATRIURETIC PEPTIDES RECEPTOR RESPONSE ON VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE OF SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RATS

1. Hyperglycaemia is believed to be a major cause of diabetic vascular complications such as accelerated atherosclerosis. In order to elucidate the effect of hyperglycaemia on vascular response in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the natriuretic peptides receptor responses to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) which are thought to suppress atherosclerosis were studied under high glucose (HG:22.2 mmol/L) conditions.
Is the U.S. Unique? International Evidence on the Aggregate Earnings-Returns Association

We exploit differences in institutional and macroeconomic environments to shed light on what drives variation in the aggregate earnings-returns relation over time within the U.S. and across countries. We find that both intertemporal and cross-country variation in the aggregate earnings-returns association are driven primarily by two factors, namely, the monetary policy news conveyed in aggregate earnings and the market reaction to that news, which suggest that the strength of the discount rate news channel plays an important role in explaining the aggregate earnings-returns relation both within and outside of the U.S. We further find that institutional characteristics have a significant effect on the information content of aggregate earnings and hence on the aggregate earnings-returns association—aggregate earnings are more informative about policy changes in countries with stronger investor protection and greater accounting transparency. Overall, our study provides new evidence on what drives the aggregate earnings-returns relation across the globe.
The xynC gene from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 codes for a xylanase with two similar catalytic domains

The xynC gene of Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 codes for a 66.4-kDa xylanase which consists of three distinct domains separated by two flexible regions rich in serine residues. Domains A and B of XynC code for catalytic domains with 56.5% identity and 9.6% similarity with each other, and both domains share homology with xylanases of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Neocallimastix patriciarum, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus circulans. More than 88% of the xylanase activity of Escherichia coli cells carrying the original 13-kb recombinant plasmid was released from intact cells by cold water washes. The major products of hydrolysis of xylan by both domains were xylose and xylobiose, indicating that the xynC gene product exhibits catalytic properties similar to those of the XynA xylanases from R. flavefaciens and N. patriciarum. So far, these features are not shared broadly with bacteria from other environments and may indicate specific selection for this domain structure in the highly competitive environment of the rumen.
Making EU Trade Agreements Work: The Role of Rules of Origin

Book description: Special and differential treatment (SDT) for developing countries has always been a central, but controversial, element of the GATT/WTO multilateral trading system. A large literature on the subject of SDT has emerged in the last 50 years by both proponents and opponents. The contributions to this volume focus on the rationale, institutional features and economic effectiveness of SDT. The editors have carefully selected a number of key articles with a special emphasis on evaluations of the impact of SDT, especially preferential market access. The book also includes more recent contributions which discuss whether there is a continued need for such special treatment and how it might be designed both from a development objective and from the perspective of the trading system generally. This volume is an essential source of reference for those who follow economic and legal debates on the future of the multilateral trade regime and the role of the developing countries in it. The editors have written an authoritative new introduction which illuminates their choice and highlights the contribution of each article.
Effects of a dietary sweetener on growth performance and health of stressed beef calves and on diet digestibility and plasma and urinary metabolite concentrations of healthy calves.

Two experiments were conducted to explore the effects of a sodium saccharin-based dietary sweetener (Sucram) on growth performance, health, and physiological responses of feedlot steers. In Exp. 1, 173 newly-received male calves purchased from auction barns were fed 0, 100, 200, or 300 g of Sucram/t of DM over 56 d. Overall, ADG and G:F (P > 0.10) were not different among treatments, but steers receiving 200 g Sucram/t displayed numerically greater ADG (23%). In addition, DMI was 17% greater for steers receiving 200 g of Sucram/t compared to steers fed the control diet (cubic effect, P = 0.09). The morbidity rate for respiratory disease did not differ (P > 0.50) among treatments. In Exp. 2, 15 steers (initial BW = 261 ± 28 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of Sucram on apparent total tract digestibility, plasma metabolite concentrations, and urine monoamine metabolite concentrations. Treatments consisted of ad libitum access to a 60% concentrate diet (Control), ad libitum access to Control + 200 g of Sucram/t of DM (Adlib), and Control + 200 g of Sucram/t of DM with feed intake paired to the Control (Paired). By design, steer DMI during the metabolism period did not differ (P = 0.34) between Paired and Control, but DMI tended (P = 0.14) to be 8.2% greater for Adlib than for Control. Treatments did not alter (P > 0.17) apparent total tract nutrient digestibility. Postprandial plasma citrulline concentration was lower (P = 0.03) for Adlib than for Control and tended to be lower (P = 0.13) for Paired than for Control. Plasma homocysteine concentration was reduced (P < 0.03) by feeding Sucram. Urinary concentrations of ethylmalonic acid, vanillymandelic acid, and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid were greater (P < 0.06) for Adlib than for Control; Paired steers had a greater (P = 0.02) urine vanillymandelic acid concentration than Control steers and tended (P < 0.12) to have a greater urinary concentration of ethylmalonic and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid than Control steers. Serum insulin was greater for Adlib than for Control steers (P = 0.04) and tended to be greater for Paired than for Control steers (P = 0.14), but serum prolactin area did not differ (P > 0.22) among treatments. Supplementation with Sucram may increase feed intake by newly-received, stressed feedlot calves. Saccharin supplementation reduced plasma homocysteine and increased urinary excretion of vanillymandelic acid, suggesting an improved activity of the dopamine reward system.
Foliar Potassium Application on Olive Tree

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of potassium (K) fertilization on vegetative growth, fruit production and leaf mineral content of olive tree (Olea europeae L.) under rainfed condition. Different fertilizer, techniques and rates of application were applied in 2003 on Chemlali olive. The potassium fertilizer used was potassium nitrate. The foliar fertilizer rates were 50 and 100% of the tree requirement and for soil spreading the rates were 100% and 200% of the tree needs. A control was also observed with no applied fertilization as used on the experiments region (Sfax). The results did not show any significant effect of treatment on olive vegetative growth. However, foliar treatment increases significantly leaf area. Foliar fertilization at 100% accelerates fruit maturation, increases fruit weight, pit ratio and polyphenol, respectively to 0.81g, 3.65 and 59.37ppm. No significant differences on fat content and acidic composition were observed. Leaf mineral analysis revealed that K fertilization increased significantly K foliar content with no differences for the others mineral elements (N, P, Mg).
Measuring rural hospital quality.

CONTEXT Increased interest in the measurement of hospital quality has been stimulated by accrediting bodies, purchaser coalitions, government agencies, and other entities. PURPOSE This paper examines quality measurement for hospitals in rural settings. We seek to identify rural hospital quality measures that reflect quality in all hospitals and that are sensitive to the rural hospital context. METHODS We develop a conceptual model for measuring rural hospital quality, with a focus on the special issues posed by the rural hospital context for quality measurement. With the assistance of a panel of rural hospital and hospital quality measurement experts, we review hospital quality measures from national and rural organizations for their fit to rural hospitals. FINDINGS Based on this analysis, we recommend an initial core set of quality measures relevant for rural hospitals with less than 50 beds. This core set of 20 measures includes 11 core measures from the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) related to community acquired pneumonia, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction; 1 measure related to infection control; 3 measures related to medication dispensing and teaching; 2 procedure-related measures; 1 financial measure; and 2 other measures related to the use of advance directives and emergency department monitoring of trauma vital signs. CONCLUSION Based on the special measurement needs posed by the rural hospital context, we suggest avenues for future quality measure development for core rural hospital functions (eg, triage, stabilization, and transfer, and emergency care) not considered in existing quality measurement sets.
What it means to fail: exploring how the model minority makes sense of academic struggles in college.

This study examined how eight Asian American undergraduate students made sense of academic difficulties while pursuing a degree in the health professions at a highly selective, private, research university. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was the research methodology used to qualitatively explore the problem. A psychosocial student development model geared towards Asian American college students was applied as the theoretical lens for designing the study. This study demonstrated that Asian American students are under tremendous pressure to achieve academically and are held to strict criteria for defining success due to family expectations and social stereotypes such as the model minority designation. The study confirmed that parents are highly influential in the academic affairs of their college-aged children, which is largely attributed to their own struggles as immigrants and their pursuit of the American dream. Encountering an academic setback and jeopardizing their chance to fulfill their familial duty was a deeply unsettling and disorienting experience for the participants. The study revealed that failing a course resulted in a phase of debilitating emotional distress, which was followed by a period of coping, reflection, identity development, and the reevaluation of future plans. An important finding from this study is that the participants felt unsupported within their home and college environments during times of academic difficulty, suggesting that universities should rethink their approach to working with Asian American students and making their services more tailored to the needs of this unique population. Encouraging reflection and engaging Asian American students in positive advising relationships with empathetic faculty and staff members are also recommended.
Innovative Classroom Strategies That Prepare College Graduates for Workplace Success.

In our increasingly competitive and rapidly changing world, it is critical that college graduates enter the workforce with the requisite skills for lasting success. However, recent studies suggest employers increasingly identify a workforce readiness gap in core applied skills, which must be bridged by company investment. Teaching strategies that develop applied skills will better prepare graduates for the workforce. The purpose of this study was to describe the classroom strategies of faculty instructors at Virginia Tech who received recognition for teaching excellence. Each participant took part in a semi-structured interview. After analysis, several themes emerged: (a) demonstration of enthusiasm for student learning; (b) willingness to experiment actively with new ideas for practice; (c) approaching teaching with a guiding mentality rather than directing; (d) fostering student ownership of learning; (e) keeping abreast of new developments and practices; and (f) investing the time and resources to overcome barriers to change. These themes signal an underlying trend: Instructors should focus on helping students become life-long learners by teaching how to prioritize and assess information, work in groups, solve problems, and understand divergent perspectives.
Timing and frequency synchronization for the uplink of an OFDMA system

This paper deals with timing and frequency recovery for the uplink of an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system. The frequency estimator is derived from ad hoc reasoning, whereas the timing estimator is based on the maximum-likelihood criterion. Both schemes rely on the repetition of a fixed pilot symbol. Their main feature is that they provide feedforward estimates and allow synchronization in only two OFDM blocks. In contrast to other existing methods, they do not require that the subcarriers of a given user occupy adjacent positions in the signal bandwidth. This makes it possible to interleave subcarriers of different users so as to optimally exploit the frequency diversity of the channel. Theoretical analysis and computer simulations are used to assess the performance of the proposed synchronizers. It is found that the degradations due to residual frequency and timing errors are negligible at signal-to-noise ratios of practical interest.
Room Sharing in Sydney: A Complex Mix of Affordability, Overcrowding and Profit Maximisation

ABSTRACT The shared housing sector is a growing private rental submarket. Researchers have sought to analyse the drivers of this growth, the benefits of shared housing for tenants, landlords and wider urban systems, as well as risks for tenants and local planning systems. Yet, there is limited research exploring the diversity of the shared housing sector. In particular, analysis of room or space sharing with non-related adults is lacking. This paper explores the characteristics, geography and impact of room sharing across Sydney. By analysing online accommodation listings this paper provides insights for policymakers seeking to monitor and regulate shared room accommodation.
Profile and Programming Needs of Federal Offenders With Histories of Intimate Partner Violence

This study presents data on male perpetrators of domestic violence (DV) in the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) using two samples: (a) a snapshot of all male offenders in CSC who had been assessed for DV (n = 15,166) and (b) a cumulative sample of male offenders in CSC from 2002-2010 who had been assessed as moderate or high risk for further DV (n = 4,261) DV offenders were compared to a cohort sample of non-DV offenders (n = 4,261). Analyses were disaggregated for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal offenders. Results indicated that 40% of the federal male population had a suspected history of DV and were therefore screened in for in-depth DV risk assessment. Of these, 45% were assessed as moderate or high risk for future DV. DV offenders had higher risk and criminogenic need ratings, more learning disabilities, more mental health problems, and more extensive criminal histories than those without DV histories. Aboriginal DV offenders had high levels of alcohol dependence, suggesting a need for substance abuse treatment as part of DV programming. Most federal offenders with DV histories would be described as belonging to the Antisocial/Generalized Aggressive typology and, therefore, adhering to the Risk-Need-Responsivity principles of the effective correctional literature, cognitive-behavioral treatment that focuses on teaching skills of self-management, and changing attitudes supporting relationship violence would be recommended.
e-ARAN: Enhanced Authenticated Routing for ad hoc networks to handle selfish nodes

Mobile ad hoc network requires lots of attention towards secure reputed routing. This paper proposed a novel reputed e-ARAN scheme to detect and handle authenticated selfish nodes, based on reputed OCEAN scheme. With description of all four phases of reputed e-ARAN it also proves that the proposed scheme gives better end-to-end delay and throughput as compare to existing ARAN protocol.
Hyperspectral data classification using classifier overproduction and fusion strategies

A new hybrid algorithm based on bagging and random subspace methods is proposed for improving hyperspectral data classification problem. The effects of using original data and transformed data in bagging, random subspace and the proposed algorithm are also explored. Real data experiment result shows that the proposed method performs well in both original and NWFE feature spaces.
Molecular identification and functional characterization of an adenylyl cyclase from the honeybee

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) serves as an important messenger in virtually all organisms. In the honeybee (Apis mellifera), cAMP‐dependent signal transduction has been implicated in behavioural processes as well as in learning and memory. Key components of cAMP‐signalling cascades are adenylyl cyclases. However, the molecular identities and biochemical properties of adenylyl cyclases are completely unknown in the honeybee. We have cloned a cDNA (Amac3) from honeybee brain that encodes a membrane‐bound adenylyl cyclase. The Amac3 gene is an orthologue of the Drosophila ac39E gene. The corresponding proteins share an overall amino acid similarity of approximately 62%. Phylogenetically, AmAC3 belongs to group 1 adenylyl cyclases. Heterologously expressed AmAC3 displays basal enzymatic activity and efficient coupling to endogenous G protein signalling pathways. Stimulation of β‐adrenergic receptors induces AmAC3 activity with an EC50 of about 3.1 µm. Enzymatic activity is also increased by forskolin (EC50 approximately 15 µm), a specific agonist of membrane‐bound adenylyl cyclases. Similar to certain biogenic amine receptor genes of the honeybee, Amac3 transcripts are expressed in many somata of the brain, especially in mushroom body neurones. These results suggest that the enzyme serves in biogenic amine signal transduction cascades and in higher brain functions that contribute to learning and memory of the bee.
Microwave remote sensing

Microwave remote sensing is rapidly reaching the stage af maturity enjoyed by optical and infra-red systems. The value of microwaves is that the atmosphere is almost transparent within this band. Microwaves therefore offer a view of the earth surface that is completely unobstructed by clouds. Both passive and active microwave systems have been utilized for measuring several geophysical phenomena. Microwave radiometers have, for example, measured ocean temperature and salinity, winds over the ocean, soil moisture through vegetation, and the age of arctic ice. Active microwave systems (scatterometers, short pulse altimeters, and imaging radars) have proven their capability to measure wind speed and direction over the ocean, ocean wave height, the topography of the earth, and the conditions of crops. Numerous other applications can be found in the recent technical literature. As detailed examples of the value of microwave remote sensing, this article describes two systems which are approaching an operational stage.