Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Summarizing Spoken Documents: avoiding distracting content

Driven by a cognitive perspective of the human summarization process, we address the problem of assessing the most relevant information of a single spoken language document, by minimizing the influence of distracting content, of which passages particularly affected by spoken language-related problems are major representatives. Two different approaches are considered. One, based only on the input source to be summarized, consists in a centrality-based relevance model for automatic summarization that uses support sets to better estimate the relevant content. Geometric proximity is used to compute semantic relatedness. Relevance is determined by considering the whole input source, and by assuming that information sources to be summarized comprehend different topics. A thorough evaluation shows statistically significant improvements over previous approaches. The other mimics the natural human behavior, in which information acquired from different sources is used to build a better understanding of a given topic. Information from different types of sources and of the same type is explored. A multi-document summarization framework provides the means to assess the relevant content. A perceptual evaluation shows that mixing information leads to considerably better results, both in terms of informativeness and readability. Concerning the use of information of the same type, results show that background information of the same topic clearly improves the detection of the most important content.
Cl Event Dissemination in High-Mobility Ad-hoc Networks

We focus on effective event dissemination in vehicular environments. In particulai; without relying n anyfixed in frastructure, what is an efficient way to propagate an event tä37ection of’fäi) moving cars? In this paper we proposeageneral-purposefloo ingase event dissemina tion framework for chan nvTronmen, Tnt Ti bYo protocols that iipIernent its broadcast mechanism. In partzcular one of the schemes called SR is a new very simple algorithm that gil es surprisingly good results. We present an evaluation framework for the analysis, and conduct a thorough evaluation of the algorithms.
Fast Surface and Volume Rendering Based on Shear-Warp Factorization for a Surgical Simulator

Fast simultaneous visualization of 3D medical images and medical instruments is necessary for a surgical simulator. Because unconstrained motion of a medical instrument is more frequent than that of the patient, the visualization of medical instruments is performed in real time using surface rendering. However, volume rendering is usually used for realistic visualization of the 3D medical image. We have developed an algorithm to combine a volume-rendered image and a surface-rendered image using a Z-buffer for depth cueing, which is applied to a surgical simulator. Surface rendering is used for visualization of a medical instrument, whereas 3D medical images such as CT and MRI are usually visualized by volume rendering, because segmentation of the medical image is difficult. In this study, when the volume-rendered image is combined with the surface-rendered image, the amount of computation is reduced by early ray termination and instrument-region masking in the sheared image space. Using these methods, a fast combination of volume-rendered and surface-rendered images is performed with high image quality. The method is appropriate for real-time visualization of 3D medical images and medical instrument motion in the images, and can be applied to image-guided therapy and surgical simulators.
The Use of Global Foreign Accent Rating in Studies of L 2 Acquisition

2 1. Introduction Foreign accent, as an identifying aspect of nonnative speech, has been widely discussed in both the theoretical and pedagogical literature. Still, the elements that contribute to the perception of foreign accent, and, indeed, the objective characteristics of it, remain ill defined. With this in mind, numerous studies have sought to quantify degrees of foreign accentedness by asking groups of listeners to rate speech samples for degrees of foreign accent using a Likert scale. These ratings are then correlated with a range of linguistic and cognitive variables and generalizations drawn. The precise methodology utilized in making such foreign accentedness ratings remains unstandardized, however, and, as a consequence, numerous differences in both specific approaches and findings have been noted across studies. This paper will first summarize the range of approaches represented in the literature. It will then consider listener-based variables, such as degree of familiarity with accented speech, that can influence the judgments made by listeners and the reliability of these. Finally, the findings of these studies insofar as the correlation of accentedness ratings with talker-based factors (such as age of L2 acquisition) and stimulus factors (such as rate of speech) are concerned, will be considered and conclusions drawn.
A New Gradual Forgetting Approach for Mining Data Stream with Concept Drift

In the real world concepts are often not stable but change with time. The underlying data distribution may change as well. The model built on old data will be necessarily updated. This problem is known as concept drift. Mining concept drifts is one of the most important fields in mining data stream. The paper presents a totally new gradual forgetting approach for mining concept-drift data stream. We firstly utilize UChoo to mine data stream with concept drift. UChoo defines a weight for each instance. The latest data which represents new data distribution has gradually higher weight than old data when time passing. The experiment result shows that the new method performs higher accuracy.
An enhanced MITOMAP with a global mtDNA mutational phylogeny

The MITOMAP () data system for the human mitochondrial genome has been greatly enhanced by the addition of a navigable mutational mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) phylogenetic tree of ∼3000 mtDNA coding region sequences plus expanded pathogenic mutation tables and a nuclear-mtDNA pseudogene (NUMT) data base. The phylogeny reconstructs the entire mutational history of the human mtDNA, thus defining the mtDNA haplogroups and differentiating ancient from recent mtDNA mutations. Pathogenic mutations are classified by both genotype and phenotype, and the NUMT sequences permits detection of spurious inclusion of pseudogene variants during mutation analysis. These additions position MITOMAP for the implementation of our automated mtDNA sequence analysis system, Mitomaster.
The practical legacy of the educational administration field: probing into authors’ implications for policy-makers, leaders and trainers

ABSTRACT The purpose of the current paper was to trace the practical contribution of empirical papers appeared in the field’s major journals. More specifically, the review posed two questions: (1) what kinds of practical messages are provided in the field’s empirical works? (2) Who are the practitioners that EA field researchers address in their practical implications? For this review, I read and analyzed empirical articles published between 2011 and 2016 in four refereed journals pertaining to the field of educational administration. The reviewing methodology was Qualitative Content Analysis because a journal paper is considered as a document susceptible to textual analysis. This analysis yielded four themes of practical recommendations: suggestions for policy-makers and reformers, suggestions for pre-service and in-service trainings for principals and even for teachers, suggestions for principals and stakeholders and broad educational suggestions in the areas of higher education and teaching. Understanding the practical contribution of the research on educational administration and leadership may shed light on the applied knowledge base in the field and its empirical orientations.
Converting Texts of Road Accidents into 3D Scenes

This paper describes a system to create animated 3D scenes of car accidents from reports written in Swedish. The system has been developed using news reports of varying size and complexity. The text-to-scene conversion process consists of two stages. An information extraction module creates a tabular description of the accident and a visual simulator generates and animates the scene.
A Novel Bearing Lubricating Device Based on the Piezoelectric Micro-Jet

A novel bearing lubricating device, which is embedded in gyroscope’s bearing system and based on the theory of the piezoelectric micro-jet, was designed for this study. The embedded structure of a bearing lubricating system can make effective use of the limited space of bearing systems without increasing the whole mass of the system. The drop-on-demand (DOD) lubrication can be realized by the piezoelectric micro-jet system to implement the long acting lubrication of the bearing system. A mathematical model of inlet boundary conditions was established to carry on the numerical simulation based on CFD. The motion states of the droplets with different voltage excitations were analyzed via numerical simulations, and the injection performances of the piezoelectric micro-jet lubricating device were tested in accordance with past experiments. The influences of different parameters of voltage excitation on injection performance were obtained, and the methods of adjusting the injection performance to meet different requirements are given according to the analyses of the results. The mathematical model and numerical simulation method were confirmed by comparing the results of past simulations and experiments.
SPEEN, ADAM M., M.S. Enhancement of Endogenous Glutathione and NQO1 by Triterpenoid CDDO-Im in SH-SY5Y Cells: Protection Against Neurotoxicant-

Evidence suggests oxidative and electrophilic stress as a major factor contributing to the neuronal cell death in neurodegenerative disorders, especially Parkinson's disease (PD). Early depletion in the levels of thiol antioxidant glutathione (GSH), which may lead to generation of reactive oxygen species, is an important biochemical feature of PD. Many toxins including 4-hydroxynonenal, acrolein, and peroxynitrite are known to cause oxidative stress and contribute to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. This study was undertaken to determine whether CDDO-Im (2-cyano-3,12 dioxooleana-1,9 dien-28-oyl imidazoline), a novel triterpenoid compound, could increase endogenous antioxidant defenses protecting against the above neurotoxicant-mediated cytotoxicity in retinoic acid-induced differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Retinoic acid-induced differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells are known to possess properties of mature neurons and thus have been a widely used in vitro model for the study of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection. In this study, we showed that incubation of retinoic acid-induced differentiation of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with nanomolar concentrations of CDDO-Im (1-400 nM) for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), two critical cellular defenses in detoxification of reactive oxygen species and electrophilic quinone molecules. Pretreatment of the cells with CDDO-Im was found to afford remarkable protection against the neurocytotoxicity elicited by 4-hydroxynonenal, 3-morpholinosynonimine hydrochloride, xanthine oxidase/xanthine, hydrogen peroxide as well as the environmental neurotoxin acrolein. Acrolein is a ubiquitous unsaturated aldehyde product occurring in the combustion of organic matter including exhausts and pollutants and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease where acrolein-protein adducts have been observed in post mortem studies. To further determine the role of cellular GSH in CDDO-Im-mediated protection against the acrolein induced cytotoxicity, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) was used to inhibit cellular GSH biosynthesis. BSO at 25µM dramatically depleted GSH and significantly potentiated acrolein-induced cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of RA-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with both 25µM BSO and 100nM CDDO-Im was found to prevent the CDDO-Im mediated GSH induction and partially reverse the cytoprotective effects of CDDO-Im treatment on acrolein-induced toxicity. Taken together, this study demonstrates for the first time that CDDO-Im potently induces the cellular GSH system and NQO1 in RA-differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which is accompanied by dramatically increased resistance of these cells to the damage induced by various neurotoxicants. In addition, we show that the CDDO-Im-mediated up regulation of GSH is a predominant mechanism against acrolein-induced neurotoxicity. The results of this study …
Changes in Chromatin Accessibility Across the GM-CSF Promoter upon T Cell Activation Are Dependent on Nuclear Factor κB Proteins

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key cytokine in myelopoiesis and aberrant expression is associated with chronic inflammatory disease and myeloid leukemias. This aberrant expression is often associated with constitutive nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. To investigate the relationship between NF-κB and GM-CSF transcription in a chromatin context, we analyzed the chromatin structure of the GM-CSF gene in T cells and the role of NF-κB proteins in chromatin remodeling. We show here that chromatin remodeling occurs across a region of the GM-CSF gene between −174 and +24 upon T cell activation, suggesting that remodeling is limited to a single nucleosome encompassing the proximal promoter. Nuclear NF-κB levels appear to play a critical role in this process. In addition, using an immobilized template assay we found that the ATPase component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, brg1, is recruited to the GM-CSF proximal promoter in an NF-κB–dependent manner in vitro. These results suggest that chromatin remodeling across the GM-CSF promoter in T cells is a result of recruitment of SWI/SNF type remodeling complexes by NF-κB proteins binding to the CD28 response region of the promoter.
Impacts of installation errors on the calibration accuracy of gyro accelerometer tested on centrifuge

In order to research the relationship between installation errors and the calibration accuracy of error model coefficients of gyro accelerometer which is tested on centrifuge, concerned coordinate systems are established at first, and the influences of installation errors on the input specific force of the accelerometer and the angular velocity of the accelerometer's shell are calculated by using homogeneous transformation method, and then the impacts of installation errors on the calibration accuracy of error model coefficients are analyzed in detail. The results show that if the installation errors are less than 0.001rad, they have negligible impacts on the calibration accuracy of high-order coefficients.
MS-Based Metabolite Profiling of Aboveground and Root Components of Zingiber mioga and Officinale

Zingiber species are members of the Zingiberaceae family, and are widely used for medicinal and food purposes. In this study aboveground and root parts of Zingiber mioga and Zingiber officinale were subjected to metabolite profiling by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) in order to characterize them by species and parts and also to measure bioactivities. Both primary and secondary metabolites showed clear discrimination in the PCA score plot and PLS-DA by species and parts. Tetrahydrocurcumin, diarylheptanoid, 8-gingerol, and 8-paradol were discriminating metabolites between Z. mioga and Z. officinale that were present in different quantities. Eleven flavonoids, six amino acids, six organic acids, four fatty acids, and gingerenone A were higher in the aboveground parts than the root parts. Antioxidant activities were measured and were highest in the root part of Z. officinale. The relatively high contents of tetrahydrocurcumin, diarylheptanoid, and galanganol C in the root part of Z. officinale showed highly positive correlation with bioactivities based on correlation assay. On the basis of these results, we can suggest different usages of structurally different parts of Zingiber species as food plants.
CHEMICAL EVOLUTION IN VeLLOs

A new type of object called "Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs)" has been discovered by the Spitzer Space Telescope. VeLLOs might be substellar objects forming by accretion. However, some VeLLOs are associated with strong outflows, indicating the previous existence of massive accretion. The thermal history, which significantly affects the chemistry, between substellar objects with a continuous low accretion rate and objects in a quiescent phase after massive accretion (outburst) must be greatly different. In this study, the chemical evolution has been calculated in an episodic accretion model to show that CO and have a relation different from starless cores or Class 0/I objects. Furthermore, the ice feature at will be a good tracer of the thermal process in VeLLOs.
Public-Private Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Emergence, Influence and Legitimacy

Contents: Preface 1. Introduction: Partnerships for Sustainable Development Philipp Pattberg, Frank Biermann, Sander Chan and Aysem Mert PART I: EMERGENCE OF PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2. The Politics of Partnerships for Sustainable Development Aysem Mert and Sander Chan 3. Explaining the Geographic, Thematic and Organizational Differentiation of Partnerships for Sustainable Development Sander Chan and Christina Muller PART II: INFLUENCE OF PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 4. The Overall Influence of Partnerships for Sustainable Development: More Smoke than Fire? Frank Biermann, Sander Chan, Aysem Mert and Philipp Pattberg 5. Partnerships for Sustainable Development in the Energy Sector: Explaining Variation in their Problem-Solving Effectiveness Kacper Szulecki, Philipp Pattberg and Frank Biermann PART III: PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BEYOND THE OECD WORLD 6. Partnerships for Sustainable Development beyond the OECD World: Comparing China and India Sander Chan 7. Africa's Involvement in Partnerships for Sustainable Development: Holy Grail or Business as Usual? Daniel Compagnon PART IV: LEGITIMACY OF PARTNERSHIPS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 8. Are Partnerships for Sustainable Development Democratic and Legitimate? Karin Backstrand 9. Partnerships for Sustainable Development in the Water Sector: Privatization, Participation and Legitimacy Eleni Dellas 10. Assessing the Legitimacy of Technology Transfer through Partnerships for Sustainable Development in the Water Sector Aysem Mert and Eleni Dellas 11. Conclusions Philipp Pattberg, Frank Biermann, Sander Chan and Aysem Mert
Hydrodynamic collective effects of active protein machines in solution and lipid bilayers

Significance Biological cells contain large numbers of active proteins that repeatedly change their conformations and need a supply of ATP or other substrates to maintain their cyclic operation. Whereas these protein machines have a variety of specific functions, acting as motors, ion pumps, or enzymes, they also induce fluctuating hydrodynamic flows in the cytoplasm. Because such fluctuating flows are nonthermal, energy can be extracted from them and work can be performed. We show that these flows can substantially enhance diffusive motions of passive particles. Furthermore, when gradients in concentrations of active proteins or substrate (ATP) are present, a chemotaxis-like drift should take place. Such nonequilibrium effects are universal: They hold for all passive particles and also for the protein machines themselves. The cytoplasm and biomembranes in biological cells contain large numbers of proteins that cyclically change their shapes. They are molecular machines that can function as molecular motors or carry out various other tasks in the cell. Many enzymes also undergo conformational changes within their turnover cycles. We analyze the advection effects that nonthermal fluctuating hydrodynamic flows induced by active proteins have on other passive molecules in solution or membranes. We show that the diffusion constants of passive particles are enhanced substantially. Furthermore, when gradients of active proteins are present, a chemotaxis-like drift of passive particles takes place. In lipid bilayers, the effects are strongly nonlocal, so that active inclusions in the entire membrane contribute to local diffusion enhancement and the drift. All active proteins in a biological cell or in a membrane contribute to such effects and all passive particles, and the proteins themselves, will be subject to them.
Genetic Variation in the Base Excision Repair Pathway, Environmental Risk Factors, and Colorectal Adenoma Risk

Cigarette smoking, high alcohol intake, and low dietary folate levels are risk factors for colorectal adenomas. Oxidative damage caused by these three factors can be repaired through the base excision repair pathway (BER). We hypothesized that genetic variation in BER might modify colorectal adenoma risk. In a sigmoidoscopy-based study, we examined associations between 182 haplotype tagging SNPs in 14 BER genes, and colorectal adenoma risk, and examined their potential role as modifiers of the effect cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and dietary folate levels. Among all individuals, no statistically significant associations between BER SNPs and adenoma risk persisted after correction for multiple comparisons. However, among Asian-Pacific Islanders we observed two SNPs in FEN1 and one in NTHL1, and among African-Americans one SNP in APEX1 that were associated with colorectal adenoma risk. Significant associations were also observed between SNPs in the NEIL2 gene and rectal adenoma risk. Three SNPS modified the effect of smoking (MUTYH interaction p = 0.002; OGG1 interaction p = 0.013); FEN1 interaction p = 0.013)), one SNP in LIG3 modified the effect of alcohol consumption (interaction p = 0.024) and two SNPs in LIG3 modified the effect of dietary folate (interaction p = 0.001 and p = 0.08) on colorectal adenoma risk. These findings support a role for genetic variants in the BER pathway as potential modifiers of colorectal adenoma risk. Our findings strengthen the role of oxidative damage induced by key lifestyle and dietary risk factors in colorectal adenoma formation.
Security Flaws in Kuribayashi-Tanaka Fingerprinting Protocol

The buyer-seller watermarking protocol enables a seller to successfully identify at least one traitor from a pirated copy, while prevent the seller from framing an innocent buyer. Kuribayashi and Tanaka proposed a fingerprinting protocol whose objectives are : (1) a buyer can obtain a watermarked copy anonymously, (2) a seller can trace the illegal distributor effectively. However, this paper points out that Kuribayashi-Tanaka fingerprinting scheme has flaws in achieving the above objectives. Furthermore, we improve Kuribayashi-Tanaka fingerprinting scheme so as to patch the security flaws.
‘ Narrative ’ in Serious or Learning Game Design Research

Numerous research articles consider the utilization of arrative in the field of learning and serious game design. Some of the arguments pres ented in these articles, for and against narrative utilization, seem to be strongly contradictory without reflecting to each others. Therefore, some kind of discontinuation see ms to characterize the overall conversation. In fact, the articles may even deal w ith totally different objects while using the concept of narrative. In this article, a sample of research articles discussing narrative serious/learning game design is critically surveyed through their conceptions about narrative. Furthermore, the goal is to find out, fo r each separate concept of narrative, the essential conclusions and the main problems concern ing the utilization of narrative in the context of serious games.