Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-binary Hybrid LDPC Codes: structure, decoding and optimization

In this paper, we propose to study and optimize a very general class of LDPC codes whose variable nodes belong to finite sets with different orders. We named this class of codes hybrid LDPC codes. Although efficient optimization techniques exist for binary LDPC codes and more recently for non-binary LDFC codes, they both exhibit drawbacks due to different reasons. Our goal is to capitalize on the advantages of both families by building codes with binary (or small finite set order) and non-binary parts of their factor graph representation. The class of hybrid LDPC codes is obviously larger than existing types of codes, which gives more degrees of freedom to find good codes where the existing codes show their limits. We gave two examples where hybrid LDPC codes show their interest
Classification of Neisseria meningitidis Group B into Distinct Serotypes II. Extraction of Type-Specific Antigens for Serotyping by Precipitin Techniques

Over 10 distinct serotypes of group B Neisseria meningitidis have been found to date by using a sensitive microbactericidal assay developed by the authors. The serotype antigens have now been extracted by hot acid or saline extraction procedures. It was found that these extracted serotype antigens may be used in a simple capillary precipitin method. This method uses unadsorbed, undiluted rabbit antisera. In the capillary precipitin method a 3+ to 4+ reaction was considered significant. The microbactericidal assay and capillary precipitin methods for serotyping group B meningococci show excellent agreement. Group B meningococci were also serotyped by an agar gel double diffusion technique. The latter technique conserves reagents and has the further advantage that it does not show the minor cross-reactions observed in the capillary precipitin method. Thus two simple, reproducible methods for serological typing of group B meningococci have been developed. These methods developed for the serological typing of group B meningococci will aid in epidemiological studies of meningococcal disease. They may also be of value for selecting suitable strains for vaccine production.
Predictive occluder tracking in infancy : Combining analysis of high density EEG with eye tracking movements

An essential function of the human visual system is to perceive natural scenes as coherent even if objects are temporarily out of sight due to eye saccades or object occlusion. While a great deal of behavioural studies investigated the emerging ability of object permanence during infancy, little is known about the development of mediating neural structures. In the present study responses to a moving stimulus over a brief occlusion are investigated in 4/5-month-old-infants and 11/12-month-old infants by combining measurements of eye movements with analysis of neuronal gamma oscillations, commonly known as correlates of object processing and perception. Recordings of gamma activity were obtained via highdensity electroencephalogram (EEG). With age, infants showed more instances of shifting gaze predictively over the occluder, which was accompanied with a shift of neuronal gamma oscillations from occipital areas in the dorsal stream to anterior temporal areas in the ventral stream. This shift in activity in neuronal regions suggests different strategies of occluder tracking between the two age groups, where the younger infants appear to let themselves mainly be guided by spatio-temporal information processed in the dorsal pathway, whereas ventral pathway activation observed in the older infants suggests that 11/12-month-old infants take object identity into account for individuation processes.
A 10 nm FinFET 128 Mb SRAM With Assist Adjustment System for Power, Performance, and Area Optimization

Two 128 Mb 6T SRAM test chips are implemented in a 10 nm FinFET technology. A 0.040 μm2 6T SRAM bitcell is designed for high density (HD), and 0.049 μm2 for high performance (HP). The various SRAM assist schemes are explored to evaluate the power, performance, and area (PPA) gain, and the figure-of-merit (FOM) is induced by the minimum operating voltage (VMIN) and assist overheads. The dual-transient wordline scheme is proposed to improve the VMIN by 47.5 mV for the 128 Mb 6T-HP SRAM. The suppressed bitline scheme with negative bitline improves the VMIN by 135 mV for the 128 Mb 6T-HD SRAM. The FOM of PPA gain evaluates the optimum SRAM assist for the different bitcells based on the applications.
The Importance of Multi-Group Validity Evidence in Gifted and Talented Identification and Research

Abstract Practitioners and researchers often review the validity evidence of an instrument before using it for student assessment or in the practice of diagnosing or identifying children with exceptionalities. However, few test manuals present data on instrument measurement equivalence/invariance or differential item functioning. This information is critical as it allows the user to determine if the instrument yields equally valid information for a diverse group of children. This article presents the rationale and need for such information as well as a detailed process for how test developers, practitioners, or education researchers might complete their own evaluation of instrument invariance.
On The Exact Recovery Condition of Simultaneous Orthogonal Matching Pursuit

Several exact recovery criteria (ERC) ensuring that orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) identifies the correct support of sparse signals have been developed in the last few years. These ERC rely on the restricted isometry property (RIP), the associated restricted isometry constant (RIC) and sometimes the restricted orthogonality constant (ROC). In this paper, three of the most recent ERC for OMP are examined. The contribution is to show that these ERC remain valid for a generalization of OMP, entitled simultaneous orthogonal matching pursuit (SOMP), that is capable to process several measurement vectors simultaneously and return a common support estimate for the underlying sparse vectors. The sharpness of the bounds is also briefly discussed in light of previous works focusing on OMP.
Amphotericin B: A New Look at Cellular Binding

Objective: The binding characteristics of the polyene antifungal amphotericin B (AmB) are still arguably unclear 50 years after the first human treatment. Our purpose was to investigate the dynamic of polyene cell associated binding using an AmB directed antibody. Methods: Ex vivo murine model and in vitro mammalian cells studies were utilized to assess the binding characteristics of AmB at human therapeutic concentrations. Balb/c mice administered a single dose of an AmB formulation were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Human mononuculear cells isolated after phlebotomy were assessed using transmission electron micrography. Results & Conclusions: Ex vivo studies demonstrated diffuse binding of AmB formulations, however, the sensitivity of the technique would not allow delineation of the antifungals' cellular binding. However, transmission electron micrography of in vitro cell cultures allowed apparent discrimination of cell associated binding and suggestions of intracellular trafficking within 2 hours of polyene exposure. One could hypothesize the observed characteristics and previously published literature are suggestive of binding to clathrin type receptors with internalization and processing by endosomes. Further work will be required to substantiate this hypothesis.
Moby: A mobile benchmark suite for architectural simulators

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets have become the primary consumer computing devices, and their rate of adoption continues to grow. The applications that run on these mobile platforms vary in how they use hardware resources, and their diversity is increasing. Performance and power limitations also vary widely across mobile platforms. Thus there is a growing need for tools to help computer architects design systems to meet the needs of mobile workloads. Full-system simulators are invaluable tools for designing new architectures, but we still need appropriate benchmark suites that capture the behaviors of emerging mobile applications. Current benchmark suites cover only a small range of mobile applications, and many cannot run directly in simulators due to their user interaction requirements. In this paper, we introduce and characterize Moby, a benchmark suite designed to make it easier to use full-system architectural simulators to evaluate microarchitectures for mobile processors. Moby contains popular Android applications, including a web browser, a social networking application, an email client, a music player, a video player, a document processing application, and a map program. To facilitate microarchitectural exploration, we port the Moby benchmark suite to the popular gem5 simulator. We characterize the architecture-independent features of Moby applications on the simulator and analyze the architecture-dependent features on a current-generation mobile platform. Our results show that mobile applications exhibit complex instruction execution behaviors and poor code locality, but current mobile platforms especially instruction-related components cannot meet their requirements.
A Component-Based Approach : ICARE Workshop : The Future of User Interface Design Tools

INTRODUCTION Parallel to the development of the Graphical User Interface technology, natural language processing, computer vision, 3-D sound, and gesture recognition have made significant progress. In addition recent interaction paradigms such as perceptual User Interface (UI) [13], tangible UI [8], embodied UI [7] and Augmented Reality (AR) open a vast world of possibilities for interaction modalities including modalities based on the manipulation of physical objects and modalities based on the manipulation of a PDA and so on. Since the seminal “Put that there” demonstrator [2] that combines speech, gesture and eye tracking, significant achievements have been made in terms of both modalities and real multimodal systems. We distinguish two types of modalities: the active and passive modalities. For inputs, active modalities are used by the user to issue a command to the computer (e.g., a voice command). Passive modalities are used to capture relevant information for enhancing the realization of the task, information that is not explicitly expressed by the user to the computer such as eye tracking in the “Put that there” demonstrator [2] or location tracking for a mobile user.
Efficiency of genomic prediction for boar taint reduction in Danish Landrace pigs

Summary Genetic selection against boar taint, which is caused by high skatole and androstenone concentrations in fat, is a more acceptable alternative than is the current practice of castration. Genomic predictors offer an opportunity to overcome the limitations of such selection caused by the phenotype being expressed only in males at slaughter, and this study evaluated different approaches to obtain such predictors. Samples from 1000 pigs were included in a design which was dominated by 421 sib pairs, each pair having one animal with high and one with low skatole concentration (≥0.3 μg/g). All samples were measured for both skatole and androstenone and genotyped using the Illumina SNP60 porcine BeadChip for 62 153 single nucleotide polymorphisms. The accuracy of predicting phenotypes was assessed by cross‐validation using six different genomic evaluation methods: genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and five Bayesian regression methods. In addition, this was compared to the accuracy of predictions using only QTL that showed genome‐wide significance. The range of accuracies obtained by different prediction methods was narrow for androstenone, between 0.29 (Bayes Lasso) and 0.31 (Bayes B), and wider for skatole, between 0.21 (GBLUP) and 0.26 (Bayes SSVS). Relative accuracies, corrected for h 2, were 0.54–0.56 and 0.75–0.94 for androstenone and skatole respectively. The whole‐genome evaluation methods gave greater accuracy than using only the QTL detected in the data. The results demonstrate that GBLUP for androstenone is the simplest genomic technology to implement and was also close to the most accurate method. More specialised models may be preferable for skatole.
Sexual Strands: Understanding and Treating Sexual Anomalies in Men

Homosexuality, transsexualism, bisexuality, pedophilia, sexual aggression and rape, fetishism, physical abnormalities, and sexual dysfunction are among the sexual anomalies discussed in this timely and comprehensive review. The origins and treatment of unusual sexual behaviors are analyzed from the perspective of orgasmic preference and are illustrated with clinical case examples drawn from the author's many years of work in research and treatment of sexual anomalies.
Localization of essential rhombomeres for respiratory rhythm generation in bullfrog tadpoles using a binary search algorithm: Rhombomere 7 is essential for the gill rhythm and suppresses lung bursts before metamorphosis

Frog metamorphosis includes transition from water breathing to air breathing but the extent to which such a momentous change in behavior requires fundamental changes in the organization of the brainstem respiratory circuit is unknown. Here, we combine a vertically mounted isolated brainstem preparation, “the Sheep Dip,” with a search algorithm used in computer science, to identify essential rhombomeres for generation of ventilatory motor bursts in metamorphosing bullfrog tadpoles. Our data suggest that rhombomere 7, which in mammals hosts the PreBötC (PreBötzinger Complex; the likely inspiratory oscillator), is essential for gill and buccal bursts. Whereas rhombomere 5, in close proximity to a brainstem region associated with the mammalian expiratory oscillator, is essential for lung bursts at both stages. Therefore, we conclude there is no rhombomeric translocation of respiratory oscillators in bullfrogs as previously suggested. In premetamorphic tadpoles, functional ablation of rhombomere 7 caused ectopic expression of precocious lung bursts, suggesting the gill oscillator suppresses an otherwise functional lung oscillator in early development. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 73: 888–898, 2013
EyamKayo: Interactive Gaze and Facial Expression Captcha

This paper introduces {it EyamKayo}, a first-of-its-kind interactive CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart), using eye gaze and facial expression based human interactions, to better distinguish humans from software robots. Our system generates a sequence of instructions, asking the user to follow a controlled sequence of gaze points, and generate a controlled sequence of facial expressions. We evaluate user comfort and system usability, and validate using usability tests.
Blind and Visually Handicapped College Students—Part II: Settings and Services

In Part I (Kirchner & Simon, 1984), we traced the growing number ofB/VH postsecondary students, but also showed that about one-third of schools providing data in 1982 for a special directory had no B/VH students. What types of institutions do B/VH students attend? How do they compare with (1) other handicapped (OH) and (2) nonhandicapped (Non-H) students? This article makes those comparisons; profiles specialized on-campus services nationwide; and examines characteristics of colleges related to providing such services. Behind those data lie issues about who should provide what and how. Due to limited space we can merely identify the key issues and cite sources that explore their complexities.
Fatal pulmonary toxicity due to carfilzomib (Kyprolis™)

Introduction Carfilzomib (Kyprolis™) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor for the treatment of relapsing multiple myeloma (MM). In 2012, carfilzomib was approved by Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with relapsed MM who had received at least two prior therapies. We present a case of fatal pulmonary toxicity presumed secondary to carfilzomib. Clinical presentation A 61-year-old male was initially diagnosed with MM in 2003 for which he received multiple treatments. In 2013, he was started on carfilzomib for relapsing MM. After 24 h, the patient developed an acute respiratory distress syndrome for which he needed mechanical ventilation. One week later, patient developed diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and despite aggressive supportive care, the patient died after three weeks. Discussion The temporal relationship between the first exposure to carfilzomib and development of symptoms, and the exclusion of other possible etiologies, leads us to believe that our patient’s lung toxicity is a possible adverse reaction to carfilzomib. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports of deaths due to carfilzomib-related pulmonary toxicity.
Performance Evaluation of Variable Packet Size Buffered Crossbar Switches

The crossbar is very popular for the implementation of switches with a moderate number of ports. Unbuffered crossbars (IQ - architecture) require complex switch matrix scheduling algorithms that operate on fixed-size cells. On the other hand, buffered crossbars (CICQ - architecture), use small buffers at the crosspoints and provide excellent features; scheduling is simplified and variable-size packets can be directly switched. In this report we present the performance evaluation of a buffered crossbar directly switching variable sized packets. We describe in detail the simulator developed for the experimental analysis, and our set of experiments showing that the buffered crossbar switching variable-size packets outperforms most of the existing packet switch architectures.
Salient dimensions in implicit phonotactic learning

Adults are able to learn sound co-occurrences without conscious knowledge after brief exposures. But which dimensions of sounds are most salient in this process? Using an artificial phonology paradigm, we explored potential learnability differences involving consonant-, speaker-, and tone-vowel cooccurrences. Results revealed that participants, whose native language was not tonal, implicitly encoded consonant-vowel patterns with a high level of accuracy; were above chance for tone-vowel co-occurrences; and were at chance for speakervowel co-occurrences. This pattern of results is exactly what would be expected if both language-specific experience and innate biases to encode potentially contrastive linguistic dimensions affect the salience of different dimensions during implicit learning of sound patterns.
Beyond the smile

Linda Berman explores the importance of photographs in our lives, highlighting the hidden messages behind the images. She describes different ways of using photographs in therapy and shows how by triggering memory and emotion and revealing family patterns they can be used to help the patient. Detailed case studies, with appropriate illustrations, show how photographs can be used with individuals, couples and groups, and demonstrate how useful photographs can be in many different therapeutic settings.
Classification with imprecise likelihoods: A comparison of TBM, random set and imprecise probability approach

The problem is target classification in the circumstances where the likelihood models are imprecise. The paper highlights the differences between three suitable solutions: the Transferrable Belief model (TBM), the random set approach and the imprecise probability approach. The random set approach produces identical results to those obtained using the TBM classifier, provided that equivalent measurement models are employed. Similar classification results are also obtained using the imprecise probability theory, although the latter is more general and provides more robust framework for reasoning under uncertainty.
Immunity against the GBV‐B hepatitis virus in tamarins can prevent productive infection following rechallenge and is long‐lived

GB virus‐B (GBV‐B) is the virus most closely related to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Thus, we have used GBV‐B infection of tamarins, which develop acute hepatitis following experimental infection, as a surrogate model to study protective immunity. As challenge virus, we first produced a GBV‐B pool from an infected tamarin, which was not infected with the related GBV‐A viruses. Its infectivity titer was 106.6 tamarin 50% infectious doses per ml. Next, two tamarins that were convalescent from recombinant GBV‐B infection were re‐challenged. In the original infection viremia persisted for 8 and 12 weeks, respectively, and both animals developed moderately severe hepatitis. Each tamarin was re‐challenged four times with 104.3 tamarin 50% infectious doses of the GBV‐B challenge virus. In one animal, each re‐challenge produced 1–2 weeks of viremia; hepatitis was observed following the first re‐challenge. In the other animal, however, only the first re‐challenge produced viremia, lasting 1 week. During the primary infection, peak GBV‐B titers were about 108 genome equivalents/ml in both animals; following re‐challenges, peak titers ranged from 103 to 106 genome equivalents/ml. Analysis of the polyprotein sequence of viruses recovered from both animals following the first re‐challenge demonstrated that these did not represent immune escape variants since mutations were not detected. Neutralization studies suggested that the immunity was not humoral in nature. We also demonstrated that the immunity was long‐lived: 1 year after the fourth challenge, the animal with sterilizing immunity had low titer viremia for only 1 week following an additional challenge. J. Med. Virol. 80:87–94, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Critical path isolation for time-to-failure extension and lower voltage operation

Device miniaturization due to technology scaling has made manufacturing variability and aging more significant, and lower supply voltage makes circuits sensitive to dynamic environmental fluctuation. These may shorten the time to failure (TTF) of fabricated chips unexpectedly. This paper focuses on critical path isolation, which increases timing slack of non-intrinsic critical paths and decreases timing error occurrence probability in the circuit, and proposes a design methodology of isolated circuits for TTF extension and/or lower voltage operation. The proposed methodology selects a set of FFs for isolation using ILP so that it maximumly reduces the sum of gate-wise failure probabilities. We evaluated MTTF (Mean Time To Failure) of circuits with/without critical path isolation and examined how much supply voltage could be reduced without MTTF degradation. Evaluation results show that circuits with the proposed critical path isolation achieved 25% supply voltage reduction with 1.4% area overhead. With the same supply voltage, MTTF was improved by 14 orders of magnitude.
Enabling Management Oversight in Corporate Blog Space

When a modern corporation empowers its staff to use blogs to communicate with colleagues, partners, suppliers and customers, the role of management in exercising oversight and guidance over the public speech of staff becomes dramatically challenged. This paper describes a computational solution to the interpretation of human-readable blog publishing policy documents into semi-automatic disconformance checking of corporate blog entries. The disconformance interpretation is regarded as an abductive reasoning, which is operationalized by information flow computations. Using a socio-cognitively motivated representation of shared knowledge, and applying an appropriate information flow inference mechanism from a normative perspective, a mechanism to automatically detect potentially non-conforming blog entries is detailed. Candidate non-conforming blog entries are flagged for a human to make a judgment on whether they should be published. Experiments on data from a public corporate blog demonstrate an encouraging performance of the proposed methodology.