Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Community Structure and Editor Opinions about Planning

This research focuses on the role of editors as community news gatekeepers. It surveys more than 150 editors from Minnesota, Iowa, North and South Dakota, and Wisconsin, comparing findings for two time periods, 1965 and 1985. The 1985 period was characterized by increased planning, especially in large, complex communities. This study finds that nearly all surveyed editors, as community elites, favored community planning, but by 1985 saw this planning as an aspect of community growth more than an instrument of community control. Yet editors from complex, pluralistic communities did tend to see planning as part of maintaining community social order and control more than did editors from smaller communities.
The Roles of Perceived Value, Perceived Equity and Relational Commitment in a Disconfirmation Paradigm Framework: An Initial Assessment in a 'Relationship-Rich' Consumption Environment

Investigations to unravel the determinants of customer satisfaction are crucial to elucidating the role and significance of the construct and advancing management practice. Accordingly, our study investigates the drivers of customer satisfaction and its impact on behavioral intentions in the direct sales channel context. A conceptual model was developed and tested, which integrates perceived value, perceived equity and relational commitment into the disconfirmation framework. The findings suggest performance is the key driver of customer satisfaction at the subsystem level, while perceived value plays the leading role in influencing customers’ overall satisfaction. Further, two new pathsCperceived value to relational commitment and perceived value to perceived equityCneglected in prior research were established. The discussion of our findings reveals important implications for future research and management practice.
Pluralistic Ignorance among Assembled Peers

Sociologists have long been interested in pluralistic ignorance—situations where a majority of individuals assume that most of their peers think differently than themselves when, in fact, their attitudes are similar. Recently, sociologists have suggested that pluralistic ignorance is especially likely to occur when peers are gathered together and may explain why group members often refrain from discussing their ultimate concerns with each other. However, researchers have not indicated what factors besides physical proximity might create pluralistic ignorance. Nor have they employed methods that can specify how causal factors combine to produce multiple routes to pluralistic ignorance. To remedy this situation, this article suggests several factors that may make others' opinions more or less transparent. It also proposes an analytical strategy that can identify which combinations of these factors are associated with misperceptions and illustrates how it might be applied. Implications of this study for future research are discussed.
Patterns of Mobilization in Local Movement Organizations: Leadership and Strategy in Four National Organization for Women Chapters

This article focuses on the organizational strategies of four local chapters of the National Organization for Women (NOW) across three decades. The goal is to explain differences in chapters' abilities to remain active and to survive over time by examining their overall patterns of mobilization. The authors argue that the ability to maintain organizational stability and collective action is influenced by internal organizational characteristics and strategies, such as leadership, mobilizing tactics, and organizational structure, as well as by external factors. Two of the chapters, New York City and Chicago NOW, have remained relatively stable throughout their histories and continue to survive. The other two, in Cleveland, Ohio, and Bloomington, Indiana, experienced dramatic ups and downs during their histories and ultimately declined. The authors argue that leadership and organizational choices influence these patterns of chapter mobilization.
Day 3 : CG approaches to information structure

• Functor categories can combine with their arguments by the following rules: (2) Forward application (>) X/Y Y ⇒ X (3) Backward application (<) Y X\Y ⇒ X • Derivations are written as shown below, on the left side. Note the direct correspondence to the upside-down constituency tree shown on the right.
Graphically Geo-Coding of Sensor System Information

Sensor network information should be presented to the user in a convenient way. For administration, inspection and access, this motivates a location-based interface. We implemented a GoogleMaps interface to wireless sensor networks, which we use in the CoBIs research project and explore the capabilities of such an interface. CoBIs focuses on the detection of hazardous situations in industrial areas, such as chemical plants. Hazards may occur due to misplacing of reactive chemicals. As a consequence, location and proximity information is a highly valuable source for administration of such areas. This paper reports on architecture and technology used and gives insight into the operation of the system and initial experiences within the CoBIs project. The graphical user interface made use of web technologies, esp. RSS, to provide the activation of sensor information by using logic on the map. This novel contribution allows the user to bi-directionally interact with the sensor network deployments. The effort seeks to close the gap between list-based interfaces commonly known in management consoles and data access interfaces and more real- world coupled respective intuitive - because of a strong association - interfaces.
Reproducibility of exhaled nitric oxide measurements in healthy and asthmatic adults and children

Airway inflammation in asthma is not measured routinely in clinical practice. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), a marker of airway inflammation, is increasingly used as an outcome measure in asthma intervention studies and yet the reproducibility of FENO measurements is unknown. The reproducibility, daytoday, diurnal variation and perception of standardised FENO measurements were examined in 59 subjects (40 children aged 7–13 yrs and 19 adults aged 18–60 yrs), both healthy (n=30) and with mild (n=29) asthma. FENO was measured on five consecutive days (four measurements on the same day) for adults and twice on the same day for children. The coefficient of reproducibility expressed as the mean pooled standard deviation (n=59, 675 estimations) was 2.11 parts per billion (ppb) and intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.99 in both children and adults. FENO was significantly higher in asthma subjects (32.3 ppb) than in healthy subjects (16.3 ppb). There was no diurnal or daytoday variation, or a learning effect, as the result of FENO measurements were identical at results of the beginning and at the end of the study. It was concluded that fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurements are simple, reproducible, free from diurnal and daytoday variation, and acceptable by both healthy and asthmatic adults and children, as a part of their routine visit to a physician.
When Being Old Pays Off

This study examines the effects of implicit and explicit motives at work. Specifically, we hypothesize that congruency of implicit and explicit motives (i-e congruency) affects work motivation. Integrating research on age-related gains in self-regulation strength, we expect that negative effects of low i-e congruency on work motivation are more detrimental for younger than older workers, because they possess fewer self-regulation skills. The age moderation effect should be further qualified by motive-specific incentives, such that low i-e congruency has most detrimental effects for younger workers when many, as compared to few incentives, are present at work. We tested our hypotheses in a study with N = 756 workers at three measurement points. Results supported the main effect of i-e congruency on work motivation in the achievement and affiliation motive domains, and the moderation effects of age and incentives in the achievement motive domain. Implications for theories of motivation and age-sensitive counseling and coaching interventions are discussed.
Exclusion of close linkage of the dopamine transporter gene with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

OBJECTIVE Involvement of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders has been indicated in twin, adoption, and familial aggregation studies; the pivotal role played by the dopamine transporter in dopaminergic neurotransmission makes it a candidate gene for these disorders. Detection of close linkage between a dopamine transporter marker and schizophrenia spectrum disorders would strongly support the existence of causal relationships between genetic mutations at the dopamine transporter locus and the disease phenotype. METHOD The authors assessed the linkage between this gene and schizophrenia spectrum disorders by using polymorphic dopamine transporter gene markers in 156 subjects from 16 multiplex pedigrees with schizophrenia as well as schizophreniform, schizoaffective, and schizotypal disorders and mood-incongruent psychotic depression. RESULTS Complete (theta = 0.0) linkage to the schizophrenia spectrum was excluded under both dominant and recessive models. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that allelic variants at the dopamine transporter locus do not provide major genetic contributions to the etiology of schizophrenia and related disorders in these pedigrees.
Connecting Youth to High-Resource Adults: Lessons From Effective Youth Programs

Adolescents benefit from contact with high-resource community adults, but intergenerational obstacles make these interactions difficult, fragile, and rare. This qualitative research investigated the success of seven, primarily urban, leadership, and arts programs that attempted to facilitate these interactions within their programming. Program advisors and 71 ethnically diverse program youth (mean age = 16.5) were interviewed biweekly over 3 to 4 months. Analyses indicated that programs were effective in facilitating these interactions through organizing activities that entailed structured, meaningful youth-adult role relationships. Substantial brokering efforts appeared to be required of advisors. Although these contacts involved one-time interactions or, at best, longer-term superficial relationships, youth described obtaining valuable information, skills, and access to adult worlds. The findings illuminate the challenges, limits, and benefits of attempts to bridge youth and adult worlds.
Quantitative Aspect of Leucophyllum frutescens Fraction before and after Encapsulation in Polymeric Nanoparticles

The interest on plants has been focalized due to their biological activities. Extracts or fractions from plants in biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (NP) provide many advantages on application studies. The encapsulation of the extract or fraction in NP is determined for the establishment of the test dose. HPLC method is an alternative to calculate this parameter. An analytical method based on HPLC for quantification of a hexane fraction from L. frutescens was developed and validated according to ICH. Different concentrations of the hexane fraction from leaves (HFL) were prepared (100–600 μg/mL). Linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and intra- and interday precision parameters were determined. HFL was encapsulated by nanoprecipitation technique and analyzed by HPLC for quantitative aspect. The method was linear and precise for the quantification of the HFL components. NP size was 190 nm with homogeneous size distribution. Through validation method, it was determined that the encapsulation of components (1), (2), (3), and (4) was 44, 74, 86, and 97%, respectively. A simple, repeatable, and reproducible methodology was developed for the propose of quantifying the components of a vegetable material loaded in NP, using as a model the hexane fraction of L. frutescens leaves.
An Online Query Authentication System for Outsourced Databases

The cloud computing paradigm moves increasing amount of data across administrative domains to be managed by various outsourced database (ODB) service providers. There needs a means for a data owner to verify the correctness and completeness of query results returned from these ODB services. The process is called query authentication. This paper proposes to use independent observers for query authentication. This approach enables the data owner to maintain the data state using these observers and the query results can be verified by these observers without any additional information from the ODB. To preserve privacy to a certain degree, the data state is partitioned vertically among observers, therefore no observer has full knowledge about the data. We implement the method on top of a NoSQL database. Our evaluation results in Amazon EC2 show the effectiveness of the method in such kind of databases.
Welcoming Quality in Non-Significance and Replication Work, but Moving Beyond the p-Value

The self-correcting nature of psychological and educational science has been seriously questioned. Recent special issues of Perspectives on Psychological Science and Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts have roundly condemned current organizational models of research and dissemination and have criticized the perverse incentive structure that tempts researchers into generating and publishing false positive findings. At the same time, replications are rarely attempted, allowing untruths to persist in the literature unchallenged. In this article, the editors of the Journal of Advanced Academics consider this situation and announce new policies for quantitative submissions. They are (a) an explicit call for replication studies; (b) new instructions directing reviewers to base their evaluation of a study’s merit on the quality of the research design, execution, and written description, rather than on the statistical significance of its results; and (c) an invitation to omit statistical hypothesis tests in favor of reporting effect sizes and their confidence limits.
The New Friends Vignettes: Measuring parental psychological control that confers risk for anxious adjustment in preschoolers

This investigation examined the links between preschoolers’ internalizing problems and anxiety-related social difficulties and two aspects of maternal and paternal psychological control: overprotection and critical control. Some 115 mothers and 92 fathers completed the New Friends Vignettes (NFV), a new measure of psychological control and supportive parenting designed to assess parenting relevant to young children’s internalizing problems and anxiety. Children’s anxious behaviors with peers at daycare or preschool were observed, mothers reported on preschoolers’ internalizing problems, and teachers reported on children’s internalizing problems and isolated behaviors. The NFV scales demonstrated good internal consistency and one-year test—retest reliability for mothers and fathers, and moderate convergent validity with observed parenting for mothers. Maternal overprotection and paternal critical control predicted more internalizing problems and anxious adjustment in preschoolers, with some associations being stronger for sons than daughters. Conversely, paternal supportiveness predicted fewer internalizing difficulties at preschool in daughters only. Children’s anxious behaviors predicted increasing paternal overprotection, and their internalizing problems at home and preschool tended to predict increasing maternal overprotection and critical control. Results support the reliability and validity of the New Friends Vignettes, and are indicative of parent differences in socialization processes, gender differences in risk for internalizing problems, and possible bidirectional pathways of influence in the socialization of internalizing trajectories.
Bisimulation and open maps

An abstract definition of bisimulation is presented. It allows a uniform definition of bisimulation across a range of different models for parallel computation presented as categories. As examples, transition systems, synchronization trees, transition systems with independence (an abstraction from Petri nets), and labeled event structures are considered. On transition systems, the abstract definition readily specialises to Milner's (1989) strong bisimulation. On event structures, it explains and leads to a revision of the history-preserving bisimulation of Rabinovitch and Traktenbrot (1988), and Goltz and van Glabeek (1989). A tie-up with open maps in a (pre)topos brings to light a promising new model, presheaves on categories of pomsets, into which the usual category of labeled event structures embeds fully and faithfully. As an indication of its promise, this new presheaf model has refinement operators, though further work is required to justify their appropriateness and understand their relation to previous attempts. <<ETX>>
Phonological Neighbourhood Development in Children's Lexicons

A lexicon can be viewed as network of words connected by phonological similarity relations. In such a network model, words that sound similar are connected to be neighbours. The most often used criterion for defining neighbours is the one-phoneme difference rule (Luce & Pisoni, 1998), which states that any two words that only differ in one phoneme by addition, deletion or substitution are considered as phonological neighbours. Previous studies have shown that children’s phonological neighbourhoods are structurally different than those calculated from the adult lexicon (Charles-Luce & Luce, 1990; Coady & Aslin, 2003, among others). However, we also know that by the time children fully acquire the language, their phonological neighbourhoods should be similar to those in the adult lexicon. Thus the question becomes how and when does the structural shift take place during language development. As far as we know, this issue hasn’t really been addressed in the literature. The current study intends to fill in the gap by presenting a developmental analysis of the phonological neighbourhoods in two children’s lexicon. The two children, Joel and Ruth, both in their second and third year of life during the study, were selected because their data presented interesting contrast in a previous study on grammar development. Our current results show that the structural properties of these two children’s early phonological neighbourhoods are comparable to the findings in previous studies. More detailed network analyses suggest that they use different strategies for acquiring words in different stage. In the very early stage of acquisition, they tend to acquire words that are maximally different from each other but do not necessarily turn out to be structurally important later. Later, after their phonological neighbourhoods have reached a certain level of maturity, they tend to use a different strategy which prefers to acquire words that are structurally important first.
‘Hope in failure’: A Level students, discursive agency, post-feminism and feminism

This article begins with Pollock’s comment that Judith Butler ‘finds hope in failure’ and its aim is to explore what ‘hope in failure’ means in relation to A Level students’ engagements with post-feminism and feminism. The article grounds its argument in an exploration of how post-feminism and feminism intersect with sixth form students’ subjectivities through the educational practices of their second-year A Level subject-based research. The article analyses empirical instances of students’ discursive agency through Butler’s notions of performativity, citationality, excessive signification and resignification to consider the complex, multiple and creative ways in which sixth form students produce themselves as viable gendered subjects in relation to post-feminist and feminist discourses. The analysis considers both how discourse regulates and conditions students’ relations with post-feminism and feminism and how discourse contains the possibilities for the subject to refuse the refusal of feminism in popular culture. Through its analysis of how students use their discursive agency to claim a feminist identity, and how these uses constitute transgressive practices, the article explores the political significance of identifications with feminism in doing gender differently. It ends with an argument for the re-consideration of the apparently assured popular cultural ‘failure’ of feminism in post-feminist neoliberal times.
Vertical Flight and Urban Mobilities: the Promise and Reality of Helicopter Travel1

This article discusses the actual and potential impact of helicopter travel on urban mobility. Vertical flight has long promised a world of unhindered mobility, especially due to the versatility of the helicopter as a means of transportation. Some of the major utopias of mobility in the modern age have centred on the various capabilities of vertical flight, especially with regards to dense urban spaces. In this article I briefly uncover this modern desire for door‐to‐door air travel and situate contemporary uses of the helicopter in relation to historical fantasies of vertical flight. I then analyse a distinctive phenomenon in the contemporary world of vertical flight: the rise of helicopter travel in São Paulo, Brazil. By focusing on the various infrastructures that enable urban air travel and the needs and uses for helicopters in a major global city, this article investigates a relatively unknown but very significant development in contemporary urban mobility. The article also suggests a conceptual framework for understanding the emergence and effects of urban air travel in São Paulo, therefore seeking to contribute to developing theories of mobilities.
Crime scene actions and offender characteristics in a sample of Finnish stranger rapes

The crime scene actions employed by offenders in stranger rapes were analysed in relation to offender characteristics. Data were drawn from an official police database and consisted of stranger rapes occurring in Finland between 1992 and 2001 (n = 100). The structure of dichotomous variables derived through a content analysis of crime scene actions and offender characteristics were analysed with non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS). The first analysis revealed three separate action themes, with thematic emphases on Hostility, Involvement or Theft. The MDS-solution for offender characteristics suggested four themes: Conventional; Psychiatric/Elderly; Criminal/Violent; and Criminal/Property. Each case was assigned to one of the themes or as a hybrid in order to analyse the associations between action themes and characteristics. The only significant association was found between the action theme, Theft and characteristics theme Criminal/Property. The results are discussed in relation to previous research. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.