Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Life Predictors of Socio-Emotional Development in a Sample of Egyptian Infants

Introduction Emotional problems are amongst the most critical concerns to be intentionally handled to enhance the wellbeing and development of children. Objective To determine the predictors of socio-emotional development of Egyptian infants related to infant feeding practices, aspects of infant and maternal health and socioeconomic status. Subjects and Methods A cross-sectional comparative study included 322 breast fed, 240 bottle fed and 93 mixed fed infants, from 6–24 months of age, who were enrolled in the Well–Baby Clinic of the National Research Centre and from pediatric outpatient facilities in urban Cairo. Assessment of socio-emotional development was performed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley III). Detailed maternal and infant history was recorded. Levels of serum zinc, copper, iron, vitamin B12 and complete blood count (CBC) were assessed in a subsample of 193 infants. Results The risk of having below average socio-emotional composite score was nearly two and half times among formula-fed infants than among breast-fed infants. By binary logistical regression analysis, predictors of below average socio-emotional score were a lower serum zinc value, being formula fed during the first half-year and introduction of complementary food before the age of six months (p< 0.05). Conclusion Exclusive breastfeeding and to a lesser extent mixed feeding during the first half year is correlated with above average socio-emotional development. Maternal education and zinc status were also determinants of better infant mental health. Our endeavors ought to be directed towards integrated interventions addressing multiple risks to children’s development.
A novel hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Simulated Annealing for feature selection and kernel optimization in support vector regression

In this paper, an effective hybrid optimization strategy by incorporating the metropolis acceptance criterion of Simulated Annealing (SA) into crossover operator of Genetic Algorithm (GA), is used to simultaneously optimize the input feature subset selection, the type of kernel function and the kernel parameter setting of SVR, namely GASA-SVR. The developed GASA-SVR model is being applied for monthly rainfall forecasting and flood management in Liuzhou, Guangxi. The GASA-SVR can increase the diversity of the individuals, accelerate the evolution process and avoid sinking into the local optimal solution early that compared with pure GA-SVR. Results show that the new GASA-SVR model can correctly select the discriminating input features, also successfully identify the optimal type of kernel function and all the optimal values of the parameters of SVR with the lowest prediction error values in rainfall forecasting.
Food Access and Diet Quality Are Associated with Quality of Life Outcomes among HIV-Infected Individuals in Uganda

Background Food insecurity is associated with poor nutritional and clinical outcomes among people living with HIV/AIDS. Few studies investigate the link between food insecurity, dietary diversity and health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS. Objective We investigated whether household food access and individual dietary diversity are associated with health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda. Methods We surveyed 902 people living with HIV/AIDS and their households from two clinics in Northern Uganda. Health-related quality of life outcomes were assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS)-HIV Survey. We performed multivariate regressions to investigate the relationship between health-related quality of life, household food insecurity and individual dietary diversity. Results People living with HIV/AIDS from severe food insecurity households have mean mental health status scores that are 1.7 points lower (p<.001) and physical health status scores that are 1.5 points lower (p<.01). Individuals with high dietary diversity have mean mental health status scores that were 3.6 points higher (p<.001) and physical health status scores that were 2.8 points higher (p<.05). Conclusions Food access and diet quality are associated with health-related quality of life and may be considered as part of comprehensive interventions designed to mitigate psychosocial consequences of HIV.
Cultivating Good Will Amidst Hostility

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to identify the skills of Good Strangers: military personnel who are successful in building trust in civilian populations. Method: Twenty-four soldiers and Marines were interviewed using a Cognitive Task Analysis method that relied on critical incidents. These interviews yielded 48 critical incidents. Results and discussion: Analysis of these incidents showed that soldiers and Marines with a Good Stranger mindset are alert to opportunities to build trust. They also depend on the skills of perspective taking, gaining voluntary compliance, and de-escalating situations.
Effects of α-Adrenoceptor Antagonists on ABCG2/BCRP-Mediated Resistance and Transport

Acquired resistance of cancer cells to various chemotherapeutic agents is known as multidrug resistance, and remains a critical factor in the success of cancer treatment. It is necessary to develop the inhibitors for multidrug resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of eight α-adrenoceptor antagonists on ABCG2/BCRP-mediated resistance and transport. Previously established HeLa/SN100 cells, which overexpress ABCG2/BCRP but not ABCB1/MDR1, were used. The effects of the antagonists on sensitivity to mitoxantrone and the transport activity of Hoehst33342, both substrates for ABCG2/BCRP, were evaluated using the WST-1 assay and cellular kinetics, respectively. ABCG2/BCRP mRNA expression and the cell cycle were also examined by real-time RT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Sensitivity to mitoxantrone was reversed by the α-adrenoceptor antagonists in a concentration-dependent manner, although such effects were also found in the parental HeLa cells. Levels of ABCG2/BCRP mRNA expression were not influenced by the antagonists. The transport activity of Hoechst33342 was decreased by doxazosin and prazosin, but unaffected by the other antagonists. In addition, doxazosin and prazosin increased the proportion of S phase cells in the cultures treated with mitoxantrone, whereas the other α-adrenoceptor antagonists increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase. These findings suggested that doxazosin and prazosin reversed resistance mainly by inhibiting ABCG2/BCRP-mediated transport, but the others affected sensitivity to mitoxantrone via a different mechanism.
Providing consistent global sharing service over VANET using new plan

Recent studies have shown in which extent peer-to-peer file sharing traffic occurs in the global Internet. Mobile users want the same type of service, thus supporting them with peer-to-peer applications is naturally the next step. The main goal in the design of proposed architecture was to provide searching for shared files not only among vehicles during opportunistic meetings, but also among all vehicles in the Vehiclular Ad Hoc Networks. In this architecture new roles to access points are attributed. A key point in this plan is to build clusters and choose supernodes. An important criterion for any choice making no doubt is the minimization of message overhead. In this Paper the influence of incorporating vehicles traffic in the organization of access points, add to connection of distant vehicles has been studied. I have built a stable architecture providing support for a high dynamic environment beside conceiving a protocol supporting for this architecture. In addition to traditional services of indexing and searching, strategies for a cost effective car-positions management, synchronization of requests and deliveries have been developed.
Diabetic retinopathy in Victoria, Australia: the Visual Impairment Project

AIM To establish the prevalence, severity, and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a representative sample of Victorian residents aged 40 years and older. METHODS A population based, cluster sampling method was used to recruit 4744 participants (86% participation rate). Nine randomly selected, suburban Melbourne clusters and four randomly selected, rural Victorian clusters were used. Participants provided a detailed medical and personal history and underwent an ocular examination including funduscopy and fundus photography. Rural participants provided a blood sample, from which the glycosylated haemoglobin percentage was measured. The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was based on fundus photographs from participants with self reported diabetes. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among people with self reported diabetes was 29.1%. The prevalence of untreated, vision threatening retinopathy was 2.8%. Retinopathy was positively associated with a longer reported duration of diabetes diagnosis (p<0.01) and with higher fractions of glycosylated haemoglobin (p<0.01). Retinopathy was not significantly associated with age, ethnicity, body mass index, glaucoma, myopia or intake of alcohol, tobacco, or aspirin (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Most people in Victoria with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or clinically significant macular oedema have received laser treatment. There remains however, a small but important group who have not received treatment and whose vision is threatened. People with diabetes should be encouraged to maintain strict glycaemic control and to undergo regular screening to delay or prevent the development of retinopathy.
RNA-Seq Reveals Infection-Induced Gene Expression Changes in the Snail Intermediate Host of the Carcinogenic Liver Fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini

Background Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos is the snail intermediate host of the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, the leading cause of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in the Greater Mekong sub-region of Thailand. Despite the severe public health impact of Opisthorchis-induced CCA, knowledge of the molecular interactions occurring between the parasite and its snail intermediate host is scant. The examination of differences in gene expression profiling between uninfected and O. viverrini-infected B. siamensis goniomphalos could provide clues on fundamental pathways involved in the regulation of snail-parasite interplay. Methodology/Principal Findings Using high-throughput (Illumina) sequencing and extensive bioinformatic analyses, we characterized the transcriptomes of uninfected and O. viverrini-infected B. siamensis goniomphalos. Comparative analyses of gene expression profiling allowed the identification of 7,655 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), associated to 43 distinct biological pathways, including pathways associated with immune defense mechanisms against parasites. Amongst the DEGs with immune functions, transcripts encoding distinct proteases displayed the highest down-regulation in Bithynia specimens infected by O. viverrini; conversely, transcription of genes encoding heat-shock proteins and actins was significantly up-regulated in parasite-infected snails when compared to the uninfected counterparts. Conclusions/Significance The present study lays the foundation for functional studies of genes and gene products potentially involved in immune-molecular mechanisms implicated in the ability of the parasite to successfully colonize its snail intermediate host. The annotated dataset provided herein represents a ready-to-use molecular resource for the discovery of molecular pathways underlying susceptibility and resistance mechanisms of B. siamensis goniomphalos to O. viverrini and for comparative analyses with pulmonate snail intermediate hosts of other platyhelminths including schistosomes.
The Prism Approach to Mapping Precipitation and Temperature

PRISM (Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model) is a climate analysis system that uses point data, a digital elevation model (DEM), and other spatial datasets to generate gridded estimates of annual, monthly and event-based climatic parameters (Daly et al. 1994). Originally developed in 1991 for precipitation estimation, PRISM has been generalized and applied successfully to temperature, snowfall, growing degree-days, and weather generator parameters, among others (Johnson et al.1997, Taylor et al. 1997). It has been used extensively to map precipitation and minimum and maximum temperature over the United States, Canada, and other countries (Kittel et al. 1997, Parzybok et al. 1997). PRISM development and application are the focus of a growing research program at Oregon State University aimed at producing environmental maps with unprecedented accuracy and detail.
Making online behavioural interventions mobile

Online behavioural interventions have provided well articulated benefits both for those participating in the interventions and those conducting research using them. Efficacy has been demonstrated in interventions ranging from smoking cessation to weight loss, and digital interventions can provide mechanisms to capture engagement and behaviour. Increasingly users are engaging with the Web through SmartPhones and this presents both challenges and new affordances for those developing and researching behaviour change interventions. Participants may choose to interact with interactions more frequently, in more flexible ways, and possibly for more variable periods. Researchers may have access to far more contextual information with which to tailor interventions more appropriately to participants. How tools might be constructed for researchers to author such adaptive mobile behavioural interventions will be discussed in this paper, and an early prototype presented.
On-board spread spectrum signal correlation detection design based on FFT

According to the requirement of the navigation satellite in orbit power, limited hardware resources and the high real-time of spread spectrum communication, an efficient FFT based fast correlation detection design of high efficiency onboard is proposed. First, the navigation satellite spread spectrum signal acquisition is described, the existing methods are analyzed which require a lot of hardware resources, further miniaturization is not conducive or practical to the development of communication module on-board; then, the algorithm of the acquisition process of spread spectrum signal is improved, and FFT based method is used to combine the digital down conversion process with the pseudo code to simplify the hardware implementation, in which a matched filter is used to complete the correlation detection of IF signal; and, the corresponding hardware design structure is given according to the improved theory method; At last, based on the design method of this paper, the experiment is carried out in FPGA, which is compared with the previous design. Compared to the previous design, the proposed has less resource occupation, faster maximum speed, the experimental results show the effectiveness of the design itself.
Ground‐based high spectral resolution observations of the entire terrestrial spectrum under extremely dry conditions

A field experiment was conducted in northern Chile at an altitude of 5.3 km to evaluate the accuracy of line‐by‐line radiative transfer models in regions of the spectrum that are typically opaque at sea level due to strong water vapor absorption. A suite of spectrally resolved radiance instruments collected simultaneous observations that, for the first time ever, spanned the entire terrestrial thermal spectrum (i.e., from 10 to 3000 cm−1, or 1000 to 3.3 μm). These radiance observations, together with collocated water vapor and temperature profiles, are used to provide an initial evaluation of the accuracy of water vapor absorption in the far‐infrared of two line‐by‐line radiative transfer models. These initial results suggest that the more recent of the two models is more accurate in the strongly absorbing water vapor pure rotation band. This result supports the validity of the Turner et al. (2012) study that demonstrated that the use of the more recent water vapor absorption model in climate simulations resulted in significant radiative and dynamical changes in the simulation relative to the older water vapor model.
TWELVE YEARS OF CONTEMPORARY ARMOR EVOLUTION IN A THREESPINE STICKLEBACK POPULATION

Abstract Loberg Lake, Alaska was colonized by sea-run Gasterosteus aculeatus between 1983 and 1988, after the original stickleback population was exterminated. Annual samples from 1990 to 2001 reveal substantial evolution of lateral plate (armor) phenotypes. The 1990 sample was nearly monomorphic for the complete plate morph, which is monomorphic in local sea-run populations; the low plate morph, which is usually monomorphic in local freshwater populations, was absent. By 2001, the frequency of completes had declined to 11%, and lows had increased to 75%. The partial plate morph and two unusual intermediate plate phenotypes were generally rare, but occurrence of the intermediates was unexpected. These intermediate phenotypes rarely occur in other, presumably older, polymorphic populations. When low morphs first appeared, they averaged 6.8 plates per side, indicating that the ancestral plate number of low morphs is high, and their mean has subsequently declined. Contemporary evolution in this population indicates that threespine stickleback adapt to freshwater habitats within decades after invasion from the ocean, and thus phenotypes in most populations are adapted to current conditions.
Forward link capacity of 3G wideband CDMA system with mixed traffic sources

We analyze and simulate the forward link capacity of a CDMA system with mixed multirate sources in a multipath fading channel. The outage probability of the forward link is derived for a CDMA system with mixed multirate sources. The forward link capacity is analyzed in terms of the number of multipath, the number of RAKE fingers in a mobile station, closed loop power control, and impact of soft handoff. The results in this paper can be applied to the overall design of a CDMA system with multimedia services.
GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTER METALLICITY SCALE FROM THE CA II TRIPLET II. RANKINGS, COMPARISONS, AND PUZZLES

We compare our compilation of the redew calcium index for 71 Galactic globular clusters to the widely used markcite{zinn84}Zinn and West (1984 ApJS, 55, 45) fe scale and to Carretta and Gratton's (1997 A&AS, 121, 95) scale from high-dispersion spectra analyzed with Kurucz (1992, private communication) model atmospheres. We find our calcium ranking to be tightly correlated with each comparison set, in a non-linear and a linear fashion, respectively. By combining our calcium index information with the Zinn and West ranking, we are able to rank the globular clusters in our sample with a typical precision of pm 0.05 dex for feZW84 ≲ -0.5; for clusters more metal rich than this, the ranking is less precise. The significant differences between these metallicity scales raise important questions about our understanding of Galactic formation and chemical enrichment processes. Furthermore, in spite of the apparent improvement in metallicity ranking for the Galactic globular clusters that results from our addition of information from the ca triplet lines to the potpourri of other metallicity indicators, caution -- perhaps considerable -- may be advisable when using redew as a surrogate for metallicity, especially for systems where ranges in age and metallicity are likel.
Constrained base station clustering for cooperative post-cellular relay networks

We consider the downlink of a "post-cellular" network in which base stations (BSs) are no longer evenly spread in the entire area of service but rather placed where they can easily be installed. Accordingly, the BSs are not necessarily close to the users anymore but have to serve distant mobiles with aggressive spatial multiplexing, possibly with the help of additional low-complexity relays. In such networks, it is important to allow for flexible and dynamic cooperation between different infrastructure nodes to achieve high data rates and coverage. To this end, we develop a framework that optimizes the performance by dynamic BS clustering with joint transmission for one- and two-hop communication under practical conditions such as backhaul rate limitations and power control. The network performance is maximized by an evolutionary algorithm that optimizes the BS clustering, relay routing, and power allocation for a beamforming scheme with closed-form solution. We show that a very high performance can be achieved in an efficient way with small overhead and that high data rates can be delivered to areas without wired backhaul access.
Effects of Processing Difficulty on Judgments of Acceptability

This paper illuminates the impact of processing difficulty on acceptability. Section 2 reviews evidence showing that parsing problems often reduce acceptability. That processing difficulty may increase acceptability is less obvious, but this possibility is nevertheless borne out, as Section 3 shows, which reports the results of several experiments dealing with locally ambiguous sentences involving discontinuous NPs, NP-coordination, and VP-preposing. The preferred interpretation of a locally ambiguous construction can have a positive influence on the global acceptability of a sentence even when this reading is later abandoned. If the initial analysis of a locally ambiguous construction would, however, render the sentence ungrammatical, the local ambiguity decreases acceptability, as our experiment focusing on long whmovement in Section 4 shows . The global acceptability of a sentence thus turns out to be influenced by local acceptability perceptions during the parsing process.
Fuzzy quantifiers for data summarization and their role in granular computing

Data summarization is an enabling technique of granular computing, as it is able to abstract from individual observations and to view a phenomenon as a whole. The linguistic summaries are built around a fuzzy quantifier which functions as the 'summarizer'. Linguistic data summarization therefore presupposes an underlying model of fuzzy quantifiers, which is of crucial importance to the adequacy of the generated summaries. In the paper, we present an axiomatic theory of fuzzy quantification. It attempts to formalize the notion of 'linguistic adequacy', in order to eliminate the implausible results observed with existing approaches. We provide evidence that the models of the theory are plausible from linguistic considerations. Finally, we present three practical models and discuss some of their properties. These models are computational, and systems for data summarization can directly profit from our improvements by plugging in the new algorithms.