Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Explaining the Links between Workload, Distress, and Work-Family Conflict among School Employees: Physical, Cognitive, and Emotional Fatigue.

This study examined the intraindividual relationships among workload and affective distress; cognitive, physical, and emotional fatigue; and work–family conflict among school employees. Using a repeated-measure, within-person research design, the authors found that work demands and affective distress, as well as cognitive, emotional, and physical fatigue, were associated with experienced work–family conflict. However, the effects of work demands and affective distress on work–family conflict were mediated mostly by participant reports of emotional fatigue when the three types of fatigue were considered together. Importantly, emotional fatigue was associated with both self-reported and spouse-reported work–family conflict. Overall, the results support a resource depletion framework for how workload and job distress in an educational setting can affect work–family conflict. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
A generalized step‐up‐down multiple test procedure

A generalization of step‐up and step‐down multiple test procedures is proposed. This step‐up‐down procedure is useful when the objective is to reject a specified minimum number, q, out of a family of k hypotheses. If this basic objective is met at the first step, then it proceeds in a step‐down manner to see if more than q hypotheses can be rejected. Otherwise it proceeds in a step‐up manner to see if some number less than q hypotheses can be rejected. The usual step‐down procedure is the special case where q = 1, and the usual step‐up procedure is the special case where q = k. Analytical and numerical comparisons between the powers of the step‐up‐down procedures with different choices of q are made to see how these powers depend on the actual number of false hypotheses. Examples of application include comparing the efficacy of a treatment to a control for multiple endpoints and testing the sensitivity of a clinical trial for comparing the efficacy of a new treatment with a set of standard treatments.
Helicobacter pylori Infection in Indigenous Families of Central America: Serostatus and Oral and Fingernail Carriage

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infection remains one of the most common in humans, but the route of transmission of the bacterium is still uncertain. This study was designed to elucidate possible sources of infection in an isolated, rural population in Guatemala. A total of 242 subjects in family units participated in the study. A medical history, including a history of dyspepsia, was taken by a physician and immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori were detected with the QuickVue (Quidel, San Diego, Calif.) onsite serology test. Overall, 58% of subjects were seropositive, with a positive relationship between mother and child (P = 0.02) and a positive correlation between the serostatuses of siblings (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.63). There was no association between serostatus and gastric symptoms. Oral H. pylori was detected from periodontal pockets of various depths and the dorsum of the tongue by nested PCR. Eighty-seven percent of subjects had at least one oral site positive for H. pylori, with the majority of subjects having multiple positive sites. There was no association between periodontal pocket depth and the detection of H. pylori. Nested PCR was also used to detect H. pylorifrom beneath the nail of the index finger of each subject’s dominant hand. Overall, 58% of subjects had a positive fingernail result, with a significant positive relationship between fingernail and tongue positivity (P = 0.002). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that oral carriage of H. pylori may play a role in the transmission of infection and that the hand may be instrumental in transmission.
Training increases the in vivo strength of the lower leg: An experimental study in the rat

The effect of training on bone strength has been investigated in rats. After 7 weeks of training, fracture strength of the tibia in vivo during muscle contraction and after resection was assessed. A group of 30 male rats 11 weeks old were randomized to exercise on a treadmill, sedentary (ordinary caging), and inactivity (right‐sided patellar tendonectomy) groups. The training group ran on a treadmill with a 10% inclination for 1 h per day. After 4 weeks the animals in all groups were anesthetized and the right lower legs loaded in three‐point ventral bending until fracture during electrically induced muscle contraction. The contralateral tibiae were tested correspondingly after resection. Ultimate bending moment, energy absorption to failure, bending stiffness, and deflection were assessed for the in vivo and the resected tibiae. The body weight gain was 37% higher in the sedentary and 57% higher in the inactive animals than in the training group (P < 0.05), indicating a physiologic effect of the training. In the dissected tibiae there were no significant group differences in any of the mechanical parameters, indicating that neither training nor inactivity changed the structural capacity of the tibiae per se. In contrast, there were significant differences between the in vivo tibiae. Ultimate bending moment was 12% higher in the training group than in the sedentary and inactive groups (P = 0.03). Energy absorption in the training group was 11 and 12% higher (not significant) than in the sedentary and inactivity groups, respectively. Bending stiffness was 7 and 17% higher in the training group compared to sedentary and inactivity groups (P = 0.018). These results indicate that muscle training protects against fracture in vivo.
Probing the Structures of Viral RNA Regulatory Elements with SHAPE and Related Methodologies

Viral RNAs were selected by evolution to possess maximum functionality in a minimal sequence. Depending on the classification of the virus and the type of RNA in question, viral RNAs must alternately be replicated, spliced, transcribed, transported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm, translated and/or packaged into nascent virions, and in most cases, provide the sequence and structural determinants to facilitate these processes. One consequence of this compact multifunctionality is that viral RNA structures can be exquisitely complex, often involving intermolecular interactions with RNA or protein, intramolecular interactions between sequence segments separated by several thousands of nucleotides, or specialized motifs such as pseudoknots or kissing loops. The fluidity of viral RNA structure can also present a challenge when attempting to characterize it, as genomic RNAs especially are likely to sample numerous conformations at various stages of the virus life cycle. Here we review advances in chemoenzymatic structure probing that have made it possible to address such challenges with respect to cis-acting elements, full-length viral genomes and long non-coding RNAs that play a major role in regulating viral gene expression.
Hybrid Neural Network Models for Hydrologic Time Series Forecasting Based on Genetic Algorithm

Hydrologic time series forecasting is very an important area in water resource. Based on the multi-time scale and the nonlinear characteristics of the rainfall-runoff time series, a new hybrid neural network (NN) has been suggested by Genetic Algorithm (GA) selection the lag period of time series for NN input variables, optimization neural network architecture and connection weights. The evolved neural network architecture and connection weights are then input into a new neural network. The new neural network is trained using back -- propagation (BP) algorithm for hydrologic time series forecasting. The ensemble strategy is implemented using the quadratic programming. The present model absorbs some merits of GA and artificial neural network. Case studies, the short and long term prediction of hydrological time series, have been researched. The comparison results revealed that the suggested model could increase the forecasted accuracy and prolong the length time of prediction.
Dissuasive effect of an aqueous extract from Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq) Griseb on the drywood termite Incisitermes marginipennis (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) (latreille).

Heartwood aqueous extracts from Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb. exhibited chronic toxic lethal effect against Incisitermes marginipennis (Latreille) with more than 60% mortality at a concentration of 56.63 mg. Feeding rate correlated positively with the mortality of termites. The termite hindgut cellulolytic activity, the symbiotic microorganism population in termite hindgut and fungal cellulase activity were not inhibited by the aqueous extract. Two major chemical groups were detected in aqueous extract by gas chromatography; they were monoterpenes (46.5%) and phenols (18.7%). Fifty seven constituents, including, D-limonene, terpineol and eugenol were identified; these terpenes have repellent activity against insects. These results suggest that essential oils from E. cyclocarpum contain a slow acting toxin with a dissuasive effect on termites.
Detection of Skin Irritation Potential of Cosmetics by Non-Invasive Measurements

This study analyses the ability of four non-invasive techniques (laser Doppler velocimetry, evaporimetry, chromametry and corneometry) to discriminate between irritant and non-irritant products, when compared to appropriate controls, and to detect subliminal changes in barrier function and erythema. These changes, which remain undetectable in the traditional visual and palpable clinical assessment, can be used as early reactions that are followed by the development of overt skin irritation. Laser Doppler velocimetry and evaporimetry were good discriminators between irritant and non-irritant substances, whereas corneometry and chromametry did not clearly distinguish between them. Laser Doppler velocimetry and evaporimetry detected early stages in the development of an irritant reaction before it became visible, but chromametry was not able to detect an early irritant response. It was concluded that non-invasive measurements could improve the quality and relevance of data obtained from human irritation testing, since the data they provide are objective, quantitative and sometimes subclinical, which also allows the concentration of a positive control to be reduced, resulting in the induction of less skin damage in human volunteers and reducing the ethical concerns related to the deliberate induction of an irritant response in a ‘healthy’ volunteer.
Estimating DNA sequence entropy

This paper presents the (cid:12)rst entropy estimator for DNA sequences that has both proven properties and excellent entropy estimates. Additionally our algorithm, the Grammar Transform Analysis and Compression (GTAC) entropy estimator, uses a novel data structure to repeatedly solve the longest non-overlapping pattern problem in linear time. GTAC beats all known competitors in running time, in the low values of its entropy estimates, and in the properties that have been proven about it.
Human immunodeficiency virus therapeutics and pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics are promising in development of a personalized treatment approach They are of paramount importance for basic immunology, for peptide based vaccine design (vaccinomics) drug monitoring in clinical setting and molecular pathophysiology of multifactorial diseases like cancer, tuberculosis, cardiac disorders, diabetes, asthma, HIV, etc
Towards anomaly detection for increased security in multibiometric systems: Spoofing-resistant 1-median fusion eliminating outliers

Multibiometrics aims at improving biometric security in presence of spoofing attempts, but exposes a larger availability of points of attack. Standard fusion rules have been shown to be highly sensitive to spoofing attempts - even in case of a single fake instance only. This paper presents a novel spoofing-resistant fusion scheme proposing the detection and elimination of anomalous fusion input in an ensemble of evidence with liveness information. This approach aims at making multibiometric systems more resistant to presentation attacks by modeling the typical behaviour of human surveillance operators detecting anomalies as employed in many decision support systems. It is shown to improve security, while retaining the high accuracy level of standard fusion approaches on the latest Fingerprint Liveness Detection Competition (LivDet) 2013 dataset.
Specific Inhibition of the PKR-Mediated Antiviral Response by the Murine Cytomegalovirus Proteins m142 and m143

ABSTRACT Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) produced during viral infection activates several cellular antiviral responses. Among the best characterized is the shutoff of protein synthesis mediated by the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and the oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS)/RNase L system. As viral replication depends on protein synthesis, many viruses have evolved mechanisms for counteracting the PKR and OAS/RNase L pathways. The murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) proteins m142 and m143 have been characterized as dsRNA binding proteins that inhibit PKR activation, phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α, and a subsequent protein synthesis shutoff. In the present study we analyzed the contribution of the PKR- and the OAS-dependent pathways to the control of MCMV replication in the absence or presence of m142 and m143. We show that the induction of eIF2α phosphorylation during infection with an m142- and m143-deficient MCMV is specifically mediated by PKR, not by the related eIF2α kinases PERK or GCN2. PKR antagonists of vaccinia virus (E3L) or herpes simplex virus (γ34.5) rescued the replication defect of an MCMV strain with deletions of both m142 and m143. Moreover, m142 and m143 bound to each other and interacted with PKR. By contrast, an activation of the OAS/RNase L pathway by MCMV was not detected in the presence or absence of m142 and m143, suggesting that these viral proteins have little or no influence on this pathway. Consistently, an m142- and m143-deficient MCMV strain replicated to high titers in fibroblasts lacking PKR but did not replicate in cells lacking RNase L. Hence, the PKR-mediated antiviral response is responsible for the essentiality of m142 and m143.
Metabolomic Profile of Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Hepatocytes

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is capable of disrupting different facets of lipid metabolism and lipids have been shown to play a crucial role in the viral life cycle. The aim of this study was to examine the effect HCV infection has on the hepatocyte metabolome. Huh-7.5 cells were infected using virus produced by the HCV J6/JFH1 cell culture system and cells were harvested 24, 48, and 72-hours following infection. Metabolic profiling was performed using a non-targeted multiple platform methodology combining ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS2) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). There was a significant increase in a number of metabolites involved in nucleotide synthesis and RNA replication during early HCV infection. NAD levels were also significantly increased along with several amino acids. A number of lipid metabolic pathways were disrupted by HCV infection, resulting in an increase in cholesterol and sphingolipid levels, altered phospholipid metabolism and a possible disruption in mitochondrial fatty acid transport. Fluctuations in 5′-methylthioadenosine levels were also noted, along with alterations in the glutathione synthesis pathway. These results highlight a number of previously unreported metabolic interactions and give a more in depth insight into the effect HCV has on host cell biochemical processes.
Sum rate maximization for uplink distributed massive MIMO systems with limited backhaul capacity

We investigated the uplink sum rate maximization for Distributed Massive MIMO (DM-MIMO) system with limited backhaul capacity. In this system, a number of single antenna autonomous terminals simultaneously transmit data streams to a group of distributed Remote Radio Heads (RRH). These RRHs are connected to a Central Unit (CU) via links with limited capacity. Each RRH quantizes the signal received by each of its antennas and forwards the bits to the backhaul. In this paper we first derive uplink achievable sum rate of the DM-MIMO system under limited backhaul capacity. Due to the complexity of the derived sum rate, an estimation is presented considering the massive MIMO context. This estimated sum rate is verified numerically. Then we show that even if backhaul capacity is limited, DM-MIMO can outperform the centralized case. Finally the sum rate maximization problem for DM-MIMO is formulated and simplified version of the problem is solved.
Downstream from calcium signalling: mitochondria, vacuoles and pancreatic acinar cell damage

Ca2+ is one of the most ancient and ubiquitous second messengers. Highly polarized pancreatic acinar cells serve as an important cellular model for studies of Ca2+ signalling and homeostasis. Downstream effects of Ca2+ signalling have been and continue to be an important research avenue. The primary functions regulated by Ca2+ in pancreatic acinar cells – exocytotic secretion and fluid secretion – have been defined and extensively characterized in the second part of the last century. The role of cytosolic Ca2+ in cellular pathology and the related question of the interplay between Ca2+ signalling and bioenergetics are important current research lines in our and other laboratories. Recent findings in these interwoven research areas are discussed in the current review.
French invasive Asian tiger mosquito populations harbor reduced bacterial microbiota and genetic diversity compared to Vietnamese autochthonous relatives

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is one of the most significant pathogen vectors of the twenty-first century. Originating from Asia, it has invaded a wide range of eco-climatic regions worldwide. The insect-associated microbiota is now recognized to play a significant role in host biology. While genetic diversity bottlenecks are known to result from biological invasions, the resulting shifts in host-associated microbiota diversity has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this subject, we compared four autochthonous Ae. albopictus populations in Vietnam, the native area of Ae. albopictus, and three populations recently introduced to Metropolitan France, with the aim of documenting whether these populations display differences in host genotype and bacterial microbiota. Population-level genetic diversity (microsatellite markers and COI haplotype) and bacterial diversity (16S rDNA metabarcoding) were compared between field-caught mosquitoes. Bacterial microbiota from the whole insect bodies were largely dominated by Wolbachia pipientis. Targeted analysis of the gut microbiota revealed a greater bacterial diversity in which a fraction was common between French and Vietnamese populations. The genus Dysgonomonas was the most prevalent and abundant across all studied populations. Overall genetic diversities of both hosts and bacterial microbiota were significantly reduced in recently established populations of France compared to the autochthonous populations of Vietnam. These results open up many important avenues of investigation in order to link the process of geographical invasion to shifts in commensal and symbiotic microbiome communities, as such shifts may have dramatic impacts on the biology and/or vector competence of invading hematophagous insects.
Risk Management and Transparency : Evidence from Defined Benefit Pension Schemes

We investigate the relationship between measures of systematic risk, firm distress and pension risks. Our results show that systematic, default, financial and operational risks reflect the underlying risk of the pension scheme. Further, pension scheme asset allocation is consistent with active pension risk management. Managers therefore choose to undertake risk management of their pension risks as opposed to risk-shifting through asset substitution. JEL classification: G14; G32;
Fiscal Policy, Sovereign Risk, and Unemployment

How should fiscal policy be conducted in the presence of default risk? We address this question using a sovereign default model with downward wage rigidity. An increase in government spending during a recession stimulates economic activity and reduces unemployment. Because the government lacks commitment to future debt repayments, expansionary fiscal policy increases sovereign spreads making the fiscal stimulus less desirable. We analyze the optimal fiscal policy and study quantitatively whether austerity or stimulus is optimal during an economic slump.
Reliable Video Streaming over mmWave with Multi Connectivity and Network Coding

The next generation of multimedia applications will require the telecommunication networks to support a higher bitrate than today, in order to deliver virtual reality and ultrahigh quality video content to the users. Most of the video content will be accessed from mobile devices, prompting the provision of very high data rates by next generation (5G) cellular networks. A possible enabler in this regard is communication at mmWave frequencies, given the vast amount of available spectrum that can be allocated to mobile users; however, the harsh propagation environment at such high frequencies makes it hard to provide a reliable service. This paper presents a reliable video streaming architecture for mmWave networks, based on multi connectivity and network coding, and evaluates its performance using a novel combination of the ns-3 mmWave module, real video traces and the network coding library Kodo. The results show that it is indeed possible to reliably stream video over cellular mmWave links, while the combination of multi connectivity and network coding can support high video quality with low latency.
Trends in reader behavior for a signal detection task in multi- and single-slice images

While many studies have looked at the behavior of radiologists while diagnosing static images, few studies examine the behavior of humans observers when reading multislice/volumetric datasets. In a companion paper [1] we present the results of a human reader experiment for a signal detection task in single-slice and multi-slice images of varying task complexity. In this work we report on the trends in human reader behavior from the same study.
C. elegans nuclear receptor NHR‐6 functionally interacts with the jun‐1 transcription factor during spermatheca development

The NR4A nuclear receptor NHR‐6 is an essential regulator of spermatheca organogenesis in C. elegans. In this study, we perform a focused, RNAi‐based screen to identify modifiers of partial nhr‐6 loss of function. Ninety‐eight genes that encode signaling proteins expressed in the spermatheca were screened for enhancement of the nhr‐6 RNAi phenotype. We identify the C. elegans gene jun‐1, which encodes the homolog of the Jun transcription factor, as a strong enhancer of nhr‐6 partial loss of function. We show that nhr‐6 and jun‐1 function together to regulate development of the spermatheca and are necessary for generating an organ with the normal number of cells. jun‐1 is expressed in all cells of the developing spermatheca. We also provide evidence that NHR‐6 and JUN‐1 can physically interact in a yeast two‐hybrid assay. Our results provide in vivo evidence that NR4A nuclear receptor and Jun transcription factor interactions are essential in regulating developmental processes in metazoans. genesis 52:29–38, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.