Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Data Aggregation Using Compressive Sensing (HDACS) in WSNs

Energy efficiency is one of the key objectives in data gathering in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Recent research on energy-efficient data gathering in WSNs has explored the use of Compressive Sensing (CS) to parsimoniously represent the data. However, the performance of CS-based data gathering methods has been limited since the approaches failed to take advantage of judicious network configurations and effective CS-based data aggregation procedures. In this article, a novel Hierarchical Data Aggregation method using Compressive Sensing (HDACS) is presented, which combines a hierarchical network configuration with CS. Our key idea is to set multiple compression thresholds adaptively based on cluster sizes at different levels of the data aggregation tree to optimize the amount of data transmitted. The advantages of the proposed model in terms of the total amount of data transmitted and data compression ratio are analytically verified. Moreover, we formulate a new energy model by factoring in both processor and radio energy consumption into the cost, especially the computation cost incurred in relatively complex algorithms. We also show that communication cost remains dominant in data aggregation in the practical applications of large-scale networks. We use both the real-world data and synthetic datasets to test CS-based data aggregation schemes on the SIDnet-SWANS simulation platform. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed HDACS model guarantees accurate signal recovery performance. It also provides substantial energy savings compared with existing methods.
Extended observer form: simple existence conditions

The paper focuses on the problem of transforming the discrete-time single-input single-output nonlinear state equations into the extended observer form, which, besides the input and output, also depends on a finite number of their past values. The simple necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the extended coordinate change and the output transformation, allowing to solve the problem, are formulated in terms of certain partial derivatives, related to the input–output equation, corresponding to the state equations. Moreover, a certain algorithm for transforming the state equations into the observer form is proposed.
Migration Status and Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in Kerala State, India

Aim. To study the relationship between a personal history of migration and prevalence of chronic diseases and risk factors in a rural population. Method. Cross sectional survey data from PROLIFE, a cohort study involving the long time follow-up of the residents of an administrative unit in Kerala, India, was used. Pre-tested questionnaire was administered to 78,173 adult residents. Information on physician diagnosed diabetes, hypertension, and cardiac diseases and lifestyle attributes like physical activity, habits, and migration was captured. Results. Subjects with a history of migration had a higher prevalence of chronic disease when compared with those with no history of migration. Diabetes (19.6% versus 4.1%), hypertension (18.8% versus 6.6%), and cardiac complaints (8.6% versus 4.1%) are more prevalent among those with history of migration of over 5 years. After adjustment for age, gender, and education, we found that chronic diseases are higher among persons with a history of migration (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 2.1–2.3). Age-specific increases in prevalence of chronic diseases are also substantially higher among migrants. Conclusion. People with a history of migration have a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and risk factors.
Sample entropy analysis of hemodynamic parameters in elderly with orthostatic intolerance

This study focuses on examining the hemodynamic profile in older people with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (OI) undergoing an active stand and to investigate if their dynamic cardiovascular profile during six-minute walk distance would be different to those of controls. The database included a total of 65 participants, aged over 70 years of age (70.11±5.85), of whom 65% were females. The participants underwent a supine to stand orthostatic test with non-invasive beat to beat systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and inter-beat interval (R-R) monitoring. Sample Entropy (SampEn) method was calculated at each phase. R-R SampEn values showed statistically significant differences during Phase 2 and Phase 4 between symptomatic and asymptomatic OI participants. This study empathizes the importance of entropy analysis to extract information of cardiovascular signals. SampEn based measures might provide useful indicators of pathological changes in cardiac activity and be suitable for the early detection of autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction.
Competent vision and navigation systems

In this article, we describe how flying insects use vision for guidance, especially in the contexts of regulating flight speed, negotiating narrow gaps, avoiding obstacles, and performing smooth landings. We show that many of these maneuvers, which were traditionally believed to involve relatively complex and high-level perception, can be achieved through the use of low-level cues and relatively simple computation. We also describe tests of the effectiveness of some of these strategies for autonomous guidance of small-scale terrestrial and aerial vehicles in the contexts of corridor navigation, altitude control, and terrain following and landing. We also describe a novel, mirror- based imaging system that is tailored for these tasks and facilitates the requisite visual computations.
REM Latency in Psychotically Adolescents Depressed

Major depression in adults is accompanied by characteristic polysoamographic abnormalities, including shorter latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, less slow wave sleep, impaired sleep continuity, greater REM activity (especially in the first REM period), and elevated REM density compared with nondepressed agematched controls (Kupfer et al. 1978). Thase et al. (1986) demonstrated that REM latency may be dependent upon depressive subtype. In their study, psychotically depressed subjects had sig~ficantly shorter REM latencies than depressed patients without psychotic features. Sleep onset • REM periods were frequently seen in their popul~. tion of psychotically depressed adults. Studies of REM latency in depressed adolescents here been inconclusive. Goetz et al. (1987) and Appelboom-Fondu et al. (1988) failed to find short REM latency in depressed adolescents compared with normal controls. In con~rast, Lahmeyer et al. (1983) and Emslie et al. (1988) found that depressed adolescents had ~o~er ~_~M ! atencies than age-matched normal controls. None of these studies compared REM sleep in psychotically and nonpsychotically depressed adolescents. We undertook this preliminary study to examine t~e relationship between
MATERNAL EFFECTS IN GYPSY MOTH: ONLY SEX RATIO VARIES WITH POPULATION DENSITY

A number of species of forest caterpillars fluctuate in density with a peri- odicity of 8-11 yr. One explanation for these ''cycles'' is that changes in food quality or quantity and crowding influence the growth rate and final size of moths at high density. Carryover of these influences to the next generation through maternal effects could modify the dynamics of the population. To determine whether development, survival, pupal size, fecundity, or sex ratio varied among offspring of gypsy moths from high- and low-density populations, we collected eggs from three sites where moths had been at low density and three sites where moth density had been high for several years. We reared caterpillars hatching from these eggs in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Sex ratio was the only characteristic to vary in a consistent way with the density of the maternal population. Egg masses from low-density sites produced significantly more females than those from high-density sites, for which the numbers of males and females were equal or slightly in favor of males. The female bias of the sex ratio of low-density populations increases the potential rate of increase of the population and may arise from local mate competition when populations are sparse. The reduced rate of increase in high-density populations associated with the higher production of males could delay the recovery of populations following decline. Whether the sex-ratio deviation observed in low-density populations persists should be studied in the future.
On a generalised typicality with respect to general probability distributions

The method of typical sequences is a fundamental tool in asymptotic analyses of information theory. The conditional typicality lemma is one of the most commonly used lemmas in the method of typical sequences. Recent works have generalised the definition of typicality to general alphabets or general probability distributions. However, there is still a lack of the conditional typicality lemma based on the definition of typicality with respect to general distributions on the product space. In this paper, we propose a generalised joint typicality for general alphabets and with respect to general probability distributions, and obtain the counterpart of conventional conditional and joint typicality lemmas based on the generalised typicality. As applications of the typicality lemmas, we prove the packing and coverings for the proposed generalised typicality, and then recover the direct part of the capacity theorem on the general Gelfand-Pinsker coding. We also prove a mutual covering lemma for the generalised typicality, and then obtain the Marton-type inner bound to the capacity region of the general broadcast channel.
Design of register file using reversible logic

Register file is the paramount aspect in computer memory unit. Eight bits (one memory unit) results in a single register and 32 of such register make up a register file. In this paper w e have presented the design of a complete register file using reversible logic design. It consists of decoder, multiplexer, memory unit, read and write units. This has been verified using VHDL. In addition to that, we have implemented the register file in the design of Content Addressable Memory (CAM) as an application.
Intercultural Communication Environment for Youth and Experts in Agriculture Support

There is ongoing research on information systems that support inter-disciplinary communication for people in different fields of expertise as well as on intercultural communication for people who speak different languages. However, there are few reports of research of systems that facilitate communication between youth and experts who speak different languages. In the presence of different languages and knowledge sets, a key issue lies in the implementing communication environments becomes difficult. This paper discusses a communication protocol designed to send/receive data and knowledge between youth and experts. This paper implements intercultural communication environment is implemented by combining machine translation services with human services to enhance communication quality. Finally, we validated the communication by applying the communication environment in agriculture support in Vietnam.
Degradation Data Analysis Using Wiener Processes With Measurement Errors

Degradation signals that reflect a system's health state are important for diagnostics and health management of complex systems. However, degradation signals are often compounded and contaminated by measurement errors, making data analysis a difficult task. Motivated by the wear problem of magnetic heads used in hard disk drives (HDDs), this paper investigates Wiener processes with measurement errors. We explore the traditional Wiener process with positive drifts compounded with i.i. d. Gaussian noises, and improve its estimation efficiency compared with the existing inference procedure. Furthermore, to capture the possible heterogeneity in a population, we develop a mixed effects model with measurement errors. Statistical inferences of this model are discussed. The mixed effects model subsumes several existing Wiener processes as its limiting cases, and thus it is useful for suggesting an appropriate Wiener process model for a specific dataset. The developed methodologies are then applied to the wear problem of magnetic heads of HDDs, and a light intensity degradation problem of light-emitting diodes.
Evolution and self-organisation in vowel systems

This paper describes computer simulations that investigate the role of self-organisation in explaining the universals of human vowel systems. It has been observed that human vowel systems show remarkable regularities, and that these regularities optimise acoustic distinctiveness and are therefore adaptive for good communication. Traditionally, universals have been explained as the result of innate properties of the human language faculty, and therefore need an evolutionary explanation. In this paper it is argued that the regularities emerge as the result of self-organisation in a population and therefore need not be the result of biological evolution.The hypothesis is investigated with two different computer simulations that are based on a population of agents that try to imitate each other as well as possible. Each agent can produce and perceive vowels in a human-like way and stores vowels as articulatory and acoustic prototypes. The aim of the agents is to imitate each other as well as possible.It will be shown that successful repertoires of vowels emerge that show the same regularities as human vowel systems.
Public preferences for climate change policies: Exploratory evidence from Spain

There is a body of evidence showing public attitudes towards climate change in various countries around the world. In this study, we employ a phone survey in order to assess attitudes towards climate change in Spain and preferences for a green electricity program that reduces CO2 emissions while making electricity more expensive. Results are similar to those obtained in other studies elsewhere, and complement them by showing a strong public support for implementing the green electricity program. In particular, we find that the mean willingness to pay per month and household is about 29.36€ over the current electric bill. Our results also show that younger individuals who live in the Mediterranean region of Spain are more likely to be willing to pay for this green electricity program.
Transport capacity for a catch-up television service

One of the biggest advantages of interactive television (TV) is that it allows the viewer to watch the content at his or her most convenient time, either by pausing an ongoing broadcast or by selecting to view the content at a time later than the original airing time. The former service, often referred to as Pause Life TV (PLTV), and the latter, often referred to as Catch-Up TV (CUTV), require that an individual unicast flow is set up per user, whereas for the traditional Linear Programming TV (LPTV) the user just tunes in to a multicast flow that can serve many viewers. We first show that when services like PLTV and CUTV gain in popularity, the transport capacity required in certain parts of the network risks to grow unwieldy, unless the content is replicated (i.e., cached) in the appropriate places in the network. Subsequently, we show that a good caching algorithm that tracks the evolving popularity of the content and takes into account the initial popularity, allows keeping the required capacity under control. Finally, we discuss the trade-offs involved in determining the optimal cache location.
The discovery of a typical radio galaxy at z = 4.88

In this Letter, we report the discovery of a z= 4.88 radio galaxy discovered with a new technique which does not rely on pre-selection of a sample based on radio properties such as steep-spectral index or small angular size. This radio galaxy was discovered in the Elais-N2 field and has a spectral index of α= 0.75, i.e. not ultra-steep spectrum. It also has a luminosity consistent with being drawn from the break of the radio luminosity function and can therefore be considered as a typical radio galaxy. Using the Spitzer Wide-Area Infrared Extragalactic Survey (SWIRE) data over this field, we find that the host galaxy is consistent with being similarly massive to the lower redshift powerful radio galaxies (∼1–3L★). However, we note that at z= 4.88, the Hα line is redshifted into the IRAC 3.6 μm filter, and some of the flux in this band may be due to this fact rather than the stellar continuum emission. The discovery of such a distant radio source from our initial spectroscopic observations demonstrates the promise of our survey for finding the most distant radio sources.
Extraction and amplification of genomic DNA from human blood on nanoporous aluminum oxide membranes.

Purification of genomic DNA from biological samples is a requisite initial step in the performance of many molecular diagnostic assays. Traditional purification methods based on phenol–chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation have been largely supplanted by adsorption and elution procedures based on silica and coated magnetic bead matrices. In most applications, the purified genomic DNA must be physically separated from the adsorption matrix before downstream processes such as amplification by PCR. Separation is done to reduce inhibitory effects of adsorption matrices on amplification processes, which may result from matrix interactions with enzymes and other reaction components (1). The requirement for separation necessitates the addition of a transfer step performed by either manual or robotic means. To further streamline molecular diagnostic analyses, new purification matrices are needed. Specifically, a matrix capable of purification that does not inhibit amplification chemistries would open the path to development of instrumentation that performed purification, amplification, and detection in an integrated format. We have been investigating the properties of a commercially available porous aluminum oxide membrane (AOM) (2) for nucleic acid purification. Commercially available AOM, distributed under the trade names Anopore™ and Anodisc™ by Whatman, Inc., are manufactured with pore size options of 20, 100, and 200 nm and a membrane thickness of ∼60 μm. The membranes are rigid, with low autofluorescence and a porosity of 50%, allowing for high liquid flow rates. The membrane core component is aluminum oxide, which is relatively biologically inert but can be derivatized to display functional amine groups by silanization. In addition to standard filtration applications, AOM have been used as a support matrix for cell growth (3) and as a substrate for enzyme immobilization in biosensor applications (4). Here we describe conditions for AOM-based purification of genomic DNA (gDNA) from human blood in which blood is lysed and gDNA is …
A Path Planning Method for Multi-UAV System

There are several possible applications for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. Among these, monitoring areas inaccessible to humans has been studied with emphasis. In parallel, mosaic construction techniques for digital reconstruction of these areas are the focus of researchers seeking to innovate and streamline this process. The purpose of this work is to unite the ability to fast traversal of an area covered by a system with multiple UAV and the need to obtain images in the process to compose mosaics to monitor interested regions. For this reason, the development of a tool for generating paths is required. It is from there that we can control the UAV to complete the task of scanning the area while decreasing the associated cost and time spent.
Controlled intramyocardial release of engineered chemokines by biodegradable hydrogels as a treatment approach of myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI) induces a complex inflammatory immune response, followed by the remodelling of the heart muscle and scar formation. The rapid regeneration of the blood vessel network system by the attraction of hematopoietic stem cells is beneficial for heart function. Despite the important role of chemokines in these processes, their use in clinical practice has so far been limited by their limited availability over a long time‐span in vivo. Here, a method is presented to increase physiological availability of chemokines at the site of injury over a defined time‐span and simultaneously control their release using biodegradable hydrogels. Two different biodegradable hydrogels were implemented, a fast degradable hydrogel (FDH) for delivering Met‐CCL5 over 24 hrs and a slow degradable hydrogel (SDH) for a gradual release of protease‐resistant CXCL12 (S4V) over 4 weeks. We demonstrate that the time‐controlled release using Met‐CCL5‐FDH and CXCL12 (S4V)‐SDH suppressed initial neutrophil infiltration, promoted neovascularization and reduced apoptosis in the infarcted myocardium. Thus, we were able to significantly preserve the cardiac function after MI. This study demonstrates that time‐controlled, biopolymer‐mediated delivery of chemokines represents a novel and feasible strategy to support the endogenous reparatory mechanisms after MI and may compliment cell‐based therapies.
6 Automata Describing Object Behavior

Relating formal reenement techniques with commercial object-oriented software development methods is important to achieve enhancement of the power and exibility of these software development methods-and tools. We will present an automata model together with a denotational and an operational semantics to describe the behavior of objects. Based on the given semantics, we deene a set of powerful reenement rules, and discuss their applicability in software engineering practice, especially with the use of inheritance.
REGIONAL DYNAMICS OF WETLAND‐BREEDING FROGS AND TOADS: TURNOVER AND SYNCHRONY

We used data from a statewide frog monitoring network to investigate pop- ulation turnover and synchrony in eight wetland-breeding species. We found that subpop- ulations at many sites turn over frequently, with breeding choruses absent or undetectable in most years. Frequencies of detection across sites were significantly associated with the density of wetland patches (all species) and the areal extent of several terrestrial land cover categories (seven species) within 1 km. Intraspecific population fluctuations were statisti- cally synchronized between survey sites separated by up to 50-100 km, but synchrony was not strong. Anuran abundances were significantly correlated with rainfall 1-4 years earlier, indicating that rainfall influences population fluctuations. However, population synchrony was much weaker than rainfall synchrony. Managers attempting to maintain amphibian populations regionally should focus on maintaining landscapes with high densities of wet- lands and sufficient upland habitat resources. The dynamic nature of amphibian populations at individual wetlands is well known, and our results suggest that species distributions at the landscape level are similarly dynamic.