Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
All the News That's Fit to Reprint: Do Investors React to Stale Information?

This article tests whether stock market investors appropriately distinguish between new and old information about firms. I define the staleness of a news story as its textual similarity to the previous ten stories about the same firm. I find that firms' stock returns respond less to stale news. Even so, a firm's return on the day of stale news negatively predicts its return in the following week. Individual investors trade more aggressively on news when news is stale. The subsequent return reversal is significantly larger in stocks with above-average individual investor trading activity. These results are consistent with the idea that individual investors overreact to stale information, leading to temporary movements in firms' stock prices. The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. , Oxford University Press.
Peer-to-Peer SIP Features to Eliminate a SIP Sign-Up Process

We propose two features for peer-to-peer SIP in order to eliminate a sign-up process so that users can use the SIP user agent software right after installation. One is a locally generated SIP-URI which eliminates the sign-up process. Another is a feature to exchange contact addresses. It helps users to create new entries in the local address book without typing SIP-URIs. We implemented these features on SIP-Communicator with a peer-to-peer client protocol to work with a peer-to-peer SIP overlay network.
Performance Analysis of OFDM Systems with Phase Noise

In this paper, we investigate the phase noise properties and the impacts caused by phase noise on an OFDM system, we derive the approximate expressions for BER performance in AWGN channel with various modulations techniques. The performance degradation is analyzed by graphs of BER against the number of sub-carriers. Thus the choice of the number of sub-carriers involves a tradeoff between mitigation of multi-path delay spread and reducing phase noise effects. Simulation results also show that phase noise effects performance for BPSK, QPSK & 16 PSK constellation which lead to the conclusion that a phase noise mitigation mechanism is needed to obtain acceptable performance.
Current and Emerging Azole Antifungal Agents

SUMMARY Major developments in research into the azole class of antifungal agents during the 1990s have provided expanded options for the treatment of many opportunistic and endemic fungal infections. Fluconazole and itraconazole have proved to be safer than both amphotericin B and ketoconazole. Despite these advances, serious fungal infections remain difficult to treat, and resistance to the available drugs is emerging. This review describes present and future uses of the currently available azole antifungal agents in the treatment of systemic and superficial fungal infections and provides a brief overview of the current status of in vitro susceptibility testing and the growing problem of clinical resistance to the azoles. Use of the currently available azoles in combination with other antifungal agents with different mechanisms of action is likely to provide enhanced efficacy. Detailed information on some of the second-generation triazoles being developed to provide extended coverage of opportunistic, endemic, and emerging fungal pathogens, as well as those in which resistance to older agents is becoming problematic, is provided.
The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia: Following a trail of evidence from cradle to grave

This is a critical review of the literature related to the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia which posits that the illness is related to abnormal brain development. The review focuses on data deriving from clinical studies, and it is organized according to the life phase from which the data were collected: conception and birth, infancy and childhood up to the onset of the illness, after illness onset, and postmortem. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis is supported by several pieces of evidence, including increased frequency of obstetric complications in patients with schizophrenia; the presence of minor physical anomalies; the presence of neurological, cognitive, and behavioral dysfunction long before illness onset; a course and outcome of the illness itself that is incompatible in most cases with a degenerative illness; the stability of brain structural measures over time; and the absence of postmortem evidence of neurodegeneration. A historical perspective on how this research accumulated and a section addressing important areas of future investigation are also provided. We conclude that schizophrenia is certainly not a degenerative brain disorder, and that it is likely that a brain insult in utero or at birth plays a role in its expression. Current evidence cannot completely exclude the role of environmental variables after birth. In addition, it is possible that other psychiatric disorders may also have a neurodevelopmental component.
Semi-Automatic Video Analysis for Linking Television to the Web

Enriching linear videos by offering continuative and related information via audiostreams, webpages, or other videos is typically hampered by its demand for massive editorial work. Automatic analysis of audio/video content by various statistical means can greatly speed up this process or even work autonomously. In this paper, we present the current status of (semi-)automatic video analysis within the LinkedTV project, which will provide a rich source of data material to be used for automatic and semi-automatic interlinking purposes.
Capacity bounds and performance of precoder index modulation

Precoder index modulation (PIM) is a recently proposed transmission scheme in which the index of the chosen precoder matrix from a set of predetermined pseudo-random phase precoder (PRPP) matrices will also convey information bits in addition to the information bits conveyed through conventional modulation symbols. In this paper, first we derive lower and upper bounds on the capacity of PIM. Second, since the optimum PIM detection has an exponential complexity in the precoder size, we propose a low complexity message passing based detection algorithm suited for large precoder sizes. Simulation results show that PIM with a precoder matrix of size 150 × 150 and BPSK achieves a BER of 10-5 at an SNR of about 10 dB using the proposed detection algorithm in flat Rayleigh fading channels. Third, we also propose an enhanced PIM (E-PIM) scheme which provides additional signaling support to the index bits, but without loosing spectral efficiency compared to PIM. Simulation results show that the proposed E-PIM scheme achieves better performance compared to PIM.
Structural Characterization of a Model Gram-Negative Bacterial Surface Using Lipopolysaccharides from Rough Strains of Escherichia coli

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) make up approximately 75% of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane (OM) surface, but because of the complexity of the molecule, there are very few model OMs that include LPS. The LPS molecule consists of lipid A, which anchors the LPS within the OM, a core polysaccharide region, and a variable O-antigen polysaccharide chain. In this work we used RcLPS (consisting of lipid A plus the first seven sugars of the core polysaccharide) from a rough strain of Escherichia coli to form stable monolayers of LPS at the air–liquid interface. The vertical structure RcLPS monolayers were characterized using neutron and X-ray reflectometry, while the lateral structure was investigated using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and Brewster angle microscopy. It was found that RcLPS monolayers at surface pressures of 20 mN m–1 and above are resolved as hydrocarbon tails, an inner headgroup, and an outer headgroup of polysaccharide with increasing solvation from tails to outer headgroups. The lateral organization of the hydrocarbon lipid chains displays an oblique hexagonal unit cell at all surface pressures, with only the chain tilt angle changing with surface pressure. This is in contrast to lipid A, which displays hexagonal or, above 20 mN m–1, distorted hexagonal packing. This work provides the first complete structural analysis of a realistic E. coli OM surface model.
Parallelizing Methods Analysis for Solving Large Sparse Power Network Equations on Multi-core Processor Platforms

The solution of large sparse network equations is a recurrent problem in almost every algorithm of power system simulation, which is widely used in offline analysis, online stability assessment and control. Nowadays, processor architectures are moving toward the integration of more cores on one chip, whilst traditional serial and parallel software can not fully exploit the performance of multi-core processors. The paper discusses the parallelizing methods for solving large sparse network equations on multi-core processor platforms. The available and feasible parallelizing algorithms such as W-matrix method and BBDF method are investigated. Implicit and explicit parallelization strategies are studied. The parallelizing complexity and computation efficiency are analyzed as well. Refactoring software code to parallel code is a significant ongoing topic of research not only for PCs but also for parallel systems.
Guidelines for mitigating NBTI degradation in on-chip memories

Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) is one of the dominant factors determining a device lifetime. NBTI causes a threshold voltage shift on a PMOS transistor. Modern LSI often has large on-chip SRAMs such as cache memories. NBTI affects the SRAM cell as degradation in Static Noise Margin (SNM), which is a measure of the read stability of the cell. Hence, a special technique for mitigating NBTI on on-chip SRAMs is required. We investigate features of NBTI via detailed simulations and find that a stress probability and a stress-recovery cycle are important parameters for mitigating it. These parameters are dependent upon the values stored in the cell and the value is dependent upon the on-chip memory configurations and applications. This paper presents the relationship among NBTI degradation, memory configurations, and target applications by focusing on the values stored in SRAM cells. Furthermore, these observations lead us to discuss guidelines for mitigating NBTI degradation of on-chip SRAMs.
Refractory periods and response magnitudes in neural populations

We undertake a probabilistic analysis of neural response to simple stimuli, motivated by refractory and frequency effects in recent experimental data. Phase density equations valid for Connor/Hindmarsh-Rose, Hodgkin-Huxley, and FitzHugh-Nagumo model neurons are used to illustrate the importance of the bifurcation which leads to periodic firing for the neuron, and the interplay between stimulus duration and baseline firing frequency. We relate our results to experimental data on locus coeruleus, a brain nucleus involved in attention.
Implicit-Explicit Numerical Methods in Models of Cardiac Electrical Activity

Mathematical models of electric activity in cardiac tissue are becoming an increasingly powerful tool in the study of the heart and cardiac arrhythmias. The ordinary differential equations contained within these mathematical models are challenging to solve. This challenge often means that the physiological accuracy of a model is limited by how efficient we can make the numerical solution process. In this thesis, we examine the efficiency of the numerical solution of four cardiac electrophysiological models using Implicit-Explicit (IMEX) methods. We find that a particular IMEX method, ARK5, can be up to 275 times faster than some methods most frequently used in practice.
Issue Logic and Power / Performance Tradeoffs

examined how to provide this high performance when needed, while throttling performance so that power consumption can drop to very low levels when performance is not required. Observing that the issue logic in an out-of-order microprocessor consumes a significant amount of power, several groups have attempted to modify this part of the processor so that it can dynamically enter a low-power mode. We have revisited these topics and our work shows that simple approaches to modifying issue logic fail to reduce the average energy per instruction. We also look at the possibility of including a low-power single-issue processor on the same die as a high-performance multiple-issue processor. Swapping between these two processors allows a dynamic tradeoff between power and performance, but we show that this approach also struggles to reduce the average energy per instruction in the low-power mode.
Analysis of Erasure Coding in a Peer to Peer Backup System

The peer to peer architecture model is widely used today for distributed systems deployment, which is increas ingly becoming used as a model for disk back up systems. Currently, popular peer to peer back up systems use replication to ensur e data redundancy, imposing a significant burden on system resources such as storage. Could the technique of erasure codi ng constitute a more suitable data redundancy scheme for such systems? In this paper we explore the prospect of deploying erasure coding in a peer to peer back up system and analyze how it performs against replication. Erasure coding and replication are compared in terms of CPU and network utilization, storage overhead, fault tolerance, end to end delay, and scalabilit y. In addition to the performance analysis we also determine the turning point between erasure coding and replication with regard to peer availability. We provide suggestions for erasure co ding parameters with respect to peer availability and file size ba sed on this analysis.
Combination of latent semantic analysis based language models for meeting recognition

Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) defines a semantic similarity space using a training corpus. This semantic similarity can be used for dealing with long distance dependencies, which are an inherent problem for traditional wordbased n-gram models. Since LSA models adapt dynamically to topics, and meetings have clear topics, we conjecture that these models can improve speech recognition accuracy on meetings. This paper presents perplexity and word error rate results for LSA models for meetings. We present results for models trained on a variety of corpora including meeting data and background domain data, and for combinations of multiple LSA models together with a word-based n-gram model. We show that the meeting and background LSA models can improve over the baseline ngram models in terms of perplexity and that some background LSA models can significantly improve over the ngram models in terms of word error rate. For the combination of multiple LSA models we did however not see such an improvement.
Identification of Sequence Variation in the Apolipoprotein A2 Gene and Their Relationship with Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels

Background: Apolipoprotein A2 (APOA2) is the second major apolipoprotein of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The study aim was to identify APOA2 gene variation in individuals within two extreme tails of HDL-C levels and its relationship with HDL-C level. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on participants from Tehran Glucose and Lipid Study (TLGS) at Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Tehran, Iran from April 2012 to February 2013. In total, 79 individuals with extreme low HDL-C levels (≤5th percentile for age and gender) and 63 individuals with extreme high HDL-C levels (≥95th percentile for age and gender) were selected. Variants were identified using DNA amplification and direct sequencing. Results: Screen of all exons and the core promoter region of APOA2 gene identified nine single nucleotide substitutions and one microsatellite; five of which were known and four were new variants. Of these nine variants, two were common tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and seven were rare SNPs. Both exonic substitutions were missense mutations and caused an amino acid change. There was a significant association between the new missense mutation (variant Chr.1:16119226, Ala98Pro) and HDL-C level. Conclusion: None of two common tag SNPs of rs6413453 and rs5082 contributes to the HDL-C trait in Iranian population, but a new missense mutation in APOA2 in our population has a significant association with HDL-C.
An Efficient CQI Feedback Scheme for Multi-user and Single-User MIMO/OFDMA Systems

An opportunistic scheduling is adopted to improve the capacity of the system by exploiting the multi-user diversity (MUDiv) of multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) systems. However, it requires a large amount of feedback carrying the channel quality information (CQI) of each user to the transmitter. The considered per user unitary and rate control (PU2RC) needs to feedback the preferred precoding index and its CQIs, and it has a defect in scheduling the streams using user grouping. In order to overcome these drawbacks, a novel feedback reduction scheme is proposed and is improved for OFDMA systems which can support single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) effectively. It employs transmitter controlled precoding and opportunistic feedback (TCP-OFB) in conjunction with frequency scheduling and single/multi-user allocation.
Reconfigurable Relaying Topology in Cognitive Multihop Wireless Networks with Nonuniform Temporal and Spatial Traffic Distribution

The optimization of the relaying topology in multihop cellular network should provide the answer to the question who is transmitting to whom, and when, in such a way to insure the best system performance. In the case of temporally and spatially varying traffic distribution the optimal topology will also vary in time and an efficient way for topology reconfiguration is needed in order to maximize the system performance. In this paper we present algorithms for efficient search for the optimal relaying topology which is aware of the intercell interference requiring coordination action between the cells and resulting in multicell jointly optimal relaying topology. Numerical results demonstrate that are configurable relaying topology provides the network utility improvements and presents the framework for quantifying these improvements for spatially and temporally varying traffic.
Visualization and quantification of pulmonary microcirculation with microspectroscopy

We developed a video-rate polarizing microscope system to visualize the pulmonary capillary bed continuously and clearly under physiological and pathological conditions during continuous mechanical ventilation. We evaluated the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on hemodynamic parameters such as erythrocyte number and velocity, tissue blood flow, hemoglobin oxygenation, and leukocyte adhesion to pulmonary vessels. The optimal PEEP required to maintain the pulmonary microcirculation was 3 cm H2O in our anesthetized and thoracotomized rat model. Acute dysfunction in the pulmonary microcirculation was examined in lipopolysaccharide-treated rats. Blood circulation in the capillaries, but not in the arterioles and venules, deteriorated in a time-dependent manner that resulted in a slight but significant decrease in blood oxygenation. These results suggest the presence of pathological shunts in the pulmonary circulation in response to lipopolysaccharide administration and also suggest that leukocyte adherence to the vascular endothelium plays an important role in the development of pathological shunts.
A Variational Principle for Improving 2D Triangle Meshes based on Hyperbolic Volume

In this paper, we consider the problem of improving 2D triangle meshes tessellating planar regions. We propose a new variational principle for improving 2D triangle meshes where the energy functional is a convex function over the angle structures whose maximizer is unique and consists only of equilateral triangles. This energy functional is related to hyperbolic volume of ideal 3-simplex. Even with extra constraints on the angles for embedding the mesh into the plane and preserving the boundary, the energy functional remains well-behaved. We devise an efficient algorithm for maximizing the energy functional over these extra constraints. We apply our algorithm to various datasets and compare its performance with that of CVT. The experimental results show that our algorithm produces the meshes with both the angles and the aspect ratios of triangles lying in tighter intervals.
Concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy could improve survival outcomes for patients with esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis based on random clinical trials

Background The long-term survival benefit of concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with resectable esophageal cancer remains controversial. In the present study, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess these effectiveness. Methods We searched for most relevant studies published up to the end of August 2016, using Pubmed and web of knowledge. And additional articles were identified from previous meta-analysis. The hazard ratio (HR, for overall survival and progression free survival) or risk ratio (RR, for R0 resection) with its corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the pooled effect. Results Twelve articles including 1756 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery was associated with significantly improved overall survival (HR=0.76 , 95% CI= 0.68-0.86), progression survival (HR =0.69, 95% CI= 0.59-0.81), and R0 resection rate(RR =1.17, 95% CI= 1.03-1.33). Subgroup analysis suggested that concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy could improve overall survival outcome for squamous cell carcinoma (HR=0.73, 95%CI=0.61-0.88) but not those for adenocarcinoma (HR=0.72, 95%CI=0.48-1.04). Conclusion Our findings suggested that concurrent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was associated with a significant survival benefit in patients with esophageal cancer.
Double Cross Coupled Colpitts VCO with Low Phase Noise using InGaP/GaAs HBT Technology

The proposed double cross-coupled differential Colpitts voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed using InGaP/GaAs HBT technology for an adaptive feedback interference cancellation system (AF-ICS). In this paper, two switching transistors were used to steer the bias current and voltage in the VCO core, thereby saving power. The VCO achieves excellent phase noise characteristics of -135 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from carrier frequency (1.630 GHz) when supplied with a control voltage of 0 V Also, its tuning range is around 218 MHz with an output power of -3.91 dBm (including cable loss). It shows the figure of merit (FoM) of -180.5 dBc/Hz. Two pairs of base-collector (BC) diodes are integrated in the tank circuit to increase the VCO tuning range. The optimized chip size is 0.9 mm x 0.9 mm.