Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Disruption of Early Events in Thalamocortical Tract Formation in Mice Lacking the Transcription Factors Pax6 or Foxg1

Early events in the formation of the thalamocortical tract remain poorly understood. Recent work has suggested that thalamocortical axons follow a path pioneered by transient thalamic afferents originating from the medial part of the ventral telencephalon. We studied the development of these transient afferents and the thalamocortical tract in mutant mice lacking transcription factors normally expressed in the dorsal thalamus or ventral telencephalon. Pax6 is expressed in the dorsal thalamus, but not in the medial part of the ventral telencephalon, and the thalamocortical tract fails to form inPax6−/− embryos. We found that transient thalamic afferents from the ventral telencephalon do not form in Pax6−/− embryos; this may contribute to the failure of their thalamocortical development. The distribution ofPax6−/− cells inPax6−/− ↔Pax6+/+ chimeras supports conclusions drawn from forebrain marker gene expression that Pax6 is not required for the normal development of the medial part of the ventral telencephalon but is required in the dorsal thalamus. Failure of the transient afferent pathway to develop is therefore likely a cell nonautonomous defect reflecting primary defects in the thalamus. We then examined the formation of thalamic afferents and efferents inFoxg1−/− embryos, which lack recognizable ventral telencephalic structures. In these embryos thalamic efferents navigate correctly through the thalamus but fail to turn laterally into the telencephalon, whereas other axons are able to cross the diencephalic/telencephalic boundary. Our results support a role for the ventral telencephalon in guiding the early development of the thalamocortical tract and identify a new role for the transcription factor Pax6 in regulating the ability of the thalamus to attract ventral telencephalic afferents.
Fully nonparametric probability density function estimation with finite Gaussian mixture models

Flexible and reliable probability density estimation is fundamental in unsupervised learning and classification. Finite Gaussian mixture models are commonly used to serve this purpose. However, they fail to estimate unknown probability density functions when used for nonparametric probability density estimation, as severe numerical difficulties may occur when the number of components increases. In this paper, we propose fully nonparametric density estimation by penalizing the covariance matrices of the mixture components according to the regularized Mahalanobis distance. As a consequence, the singularities in the loglikelihood function are avoided and the quality of the estimation models is significantly improved.
Bilingual multi-word lexicon construction via a pivot language

Bilingual multi-word lexicons are helpful for statistical machine translation systems to improve their performance. In this paper we present a method for constructing such lexicons in a resource-poor language pair such as Korean-French. By using two parallel corpora sharing one pivot language we can easily construct such lexicons without any external language resource like a seed dictionary. The experimental results for the KR to FR have shown that the accuracy is quite promising, even though this research is ongoing.
An Examination of Ambiguity Aversion: Are Two Heads Better than One?

Ambiguity aversion has been widely observed in individuals’ judgments. Using scenarios that are typical in decision analysis, we investigate ambiguity aversion for pairs of individuals. We examine risky and cautious shifts from individuals’ original judgments to their judgments when they are paired up in dyads. In our experiment the participants were first asked to specify individually their willingness-to-pay for six monetary gambles. They were then paired at random into dyads, and were asked to specify their willingness-to-pay amount for the same gambles. The dyad’s willingness-to-pay amount was to be shared equally by the two individuals. Of the six gambles in our experiment, one involved no ambiguity and the remaining five involved different degrees of ambiguity. We found that dyads exhibited risk aversion as well as ambiguity aversion. The majority of the dyads exhibited a cautious shift in the face of ambiguity, stating a smaller willingness-to-pay than the two individuals’ average. Our study thus confirms the persistence of ambiguity aversion in a group setting and demonstrates the predominance of cautious shifts for dyads.
Design Architectures of the CMOS Power Amplifier for 2.4 GHz ISM Band Applications: An Overview

Power amplifiers (PAs) are among the most crucial functional blocks in the radio frequency (RF) frontend for reliable wireless communication. PAs amplify and boost the input signal to the required output power. The signal is amplified to make it sufficiently high for the transmitter to propagate the required distance to the receiver. Attempted advancements of PA have focused on attaining high-performance RF signals for transmitters. Such PAs are expected to require low power consumption while producing a relatively high output power with a high efficiency. However, current PA designs in nanometer and micrometer complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology present inevitable drawbacks, such as oxide breakdown and hot electron effect. A well-defined architecture, including a linear and simple functional block synthesis, is critical in designing CMOS PA for various applications. This article describes the different state-of-the art design architectures of CMOS PA, including their circuit operations, and analyzes the performance of PAs for 2.4 GHz ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band applications.
ADT: Age determination technique

Biometrics has carved an important place in the field of identification and authentication. Identification in biometrics includes various applications like face recognition. There are scads of work done in the area of face recognition but we feel that there is not much of work has been done in the field of age determination. The age determination technique is useful to determine the age of an unknown body found in criminal activities or in lost and found cases using offline face recognition. The aging process not only depends on the person's biological aspect such as genes but may also depend on physical aspect such as wrinkles on the person's face. In this paper a novel technique is proposed to determine the age of a person by analysing the wrinkles present on his/her face. A framework has been designed which is based on the principle that the age of a person varies proportionally with the depth of wrinkles. The experimental result obtained found out to have 20% error which is within practical limits.
A Successful Failure to Collaborate on Storage Technology Education

In industry, up to 40% of an IS budget can be spent on Storage technology, making it the fastest growing segment of IT/IS. While industry has recognised the need to diffuse this technology, academia has been slow to respond to this diffusion need. Universities are not teaching courses in this area and a variety of reasons are presented ranging from lack of skills to cost (the cost of installing a Storage system for use by students is a massive expenditure well beyond the budgets of most IS academic departments). This paper concentrates on the lack of skills (knowledge barriers in the parlance of diffusion of innovation theory) and examines ways to overcome this. The knowledge skills are present in industry, so collaboration between industry and academia is a suggested solution. Collaboration between industry and academia, though, is fraught with problems. The aim of this research therefore is to examine how this collaboration can be effective. Interestingly, the result of this research suggests true collaboration is not the solution, but a win-win situation is still possible for all stakeholders.
Decentralized task distribution among cooperative UAVs in surveillance systems applications

Teams of small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are being largely proposed to be used in different areas for both military and civilian applications. Their integration in wider sensor networks is also being considered in order to provide a better cost-benefit ration. However, coordination among UAV teams is not a trivial problem in an ad hoc network. This paper presents a decentralized coordination strategy to orient the actions of a team of UAVs, which take part in a wider sensor network, relying on ad hoc network communication. The proposed sensors network inclused static sensors that issue alarms indicating the presence of possible targets that must be handled by one of the UAVs and possibly relay messages among them. Preliminary results of the proposed approach are presented and are contrasted with results provided by a centralized solution for the problem.
Analysis of Distribution Transformer Performance under Non-linear Balanced Load Conditions and Its Remedial Measures

In recent years there has been very extensive use of power electronic devices, which result in harmonic proliferation in the power distribution system. In this paper, as per IEEE C 57.110 standards, procedure to calculate total loss in the distribution transformer under non-linear distortion environment is proposed. The power factor capacitor performance under non-linear load conditions is also analyzed. The relation of total current harmonic distortion in the distribution system with load power factor, transformer losses, efficiency and maximum current delivered is also analyzed. The mitigation methods are proposed to minimize the non-linear load impact on the distribution transformer performance. Instead of K-factor transformer approach, a passive harmonic filter method is developed based on higher savings in energy losses. The simulation studies, are performed using Math works MATLAB 7.0. 1 for distribution system at 11/0.440 kV, 200 kVA distribution transformer under non-linear balanced load conditions. It is observed that the power factor capacitor bank acts as a source of harmonic under the nonlinear load conditions in the presence of passive filters. Keywords— Harmonic Proliferation, k-Factor, Non-linear Load, Power Factor, Mitigation.
The research on social influence-based cache replacement policy over wireless Information-Centric Network

Information-Centric Network (ICN) is a new paradigm, which solve the limitations of the IP network architecture. The one of the advantage in ICN is that it reduces network traffic by using in-network caching. The caching is an important element of the ICN, because the factor that leads to efficient usage of network resources is the high hit ratio of a cache in a router. In this paper, we consider social influence in cache replacement policy over ICN. The social influence makes a decision based on the Social Network Service (SNS) application. This paper proposes a new cache replacement policy by social influence of user in SNS over ICN. The proposed algorithm is able to reduce network resource than existing ICN.
The Role of Semantic Diversity in Word Recognition across Aging and Bilingualism

Frequency effects are pervasive in studies of language, with higher frequency words being recognized faster than lower frequency words. However, the exact nature of frequency effects has recently been questioned, with some studies finding that contextual information provides a better fit to lexical decision and naming data than word frequency (Adelman et al., 2006). Recent work has cemented the importance of these results by demonstrating that a measure of the semantic diversity of the contexts that a word occurs in provides a powerful measure to account for variability in word recognition latency (Johns et al., 2012, 2015; Jones et al., 2012). The goal of the current study is to extend this measure to examine bilingualism and aging, where multiple theories use frequency of occurrence of linguistic constructs as central to accounting for empirical results (Gollan et al., 2008; Ramscar et al., 2014). A lexical decision experiment was conducted with four groups of subjects: younger and older monolinguals and bilinguals. Consistent with past results, a semantic diversity variable accounted for the greatest amount of variance in the latency data. In addition, the pattern of fits of semantic diversity across multiple corpora suggests that bilinguals and older adults are more sensitive to semantic diversity information than younger monolinguals.
Motivators and Problems of Being a Global Migrant (Outsource) Soccer Labor in Turkey: A Preliminary Study

The aim of this study was to reveal the motivators and problems of soccer players that pursue their professional careers in Turkey. In this qualitative research, convenience sampling and criterion sampling, which are kinds of nonrandom sampling methods was used to determine the participants. Eight male soccer players from the Genclerbirligi Soccer Team who were complied with the research criteria, voluntarily participated in the study. The demographic information form and semi-structured interview form were used as data collection tools. All interviews were recorded by audio and video recording devices. Data was analyzed by content analysis. The findings showed that; this study was supported the "mercenary", "ambiotis" and "nomadic cosmopolitan" items, which are in typologies that motivates athletes to migrate to a host country. In addition, language and cultural differences were the main problems for migrant athletes. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that besides the items in the typologies, "positive information" can facilitate the migration of athletes to a host country. Furthermore, it expressed the importance of inquiry on the cultural structure of the host country for migrant athletes, in order to minimize negative influences of problems.
A Combined Algorithm for LMS Usage Assessment

LMS are used more and more nowadays. There are some algorithms for LMS usage assessment. The main problem is that these algorithms are rarely combined. This gap can be filled by using S-Algo which combines ranking and suggestion results of two or more suggestion/ranking algorithms into an ultimate and efficient ranking suggestion. Such efficient ranking is based on ranking algorithms used and proposed metrics recorded course attributes. S-algo was applied to Open eClass LMS tracking data of an academic institution. In the context of course assessment from student logged data, two existing algorithms called SUGAL and CCA as ranking/suggestion algorithms were selected. Then, on the results provided from these algorithms, S-algo tested and confirmed the success of its ranking process.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF COOPERATION AND MISBEHAVIOR ISSUES IN AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS

Ad hoc wireless network is evolving as one of the major networking areas as its concepts benefits Sensor Networks, Mobile Ad hoc Networks, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Pervasive and Wearable Computing, Wireless Mesh Networks, to name some. Ad hoc wireless network beholds the unique proprietorship as network is decentralize, dynamic, mobile and self organized constituted by interconnection of heterogeneous and autonomous systems (nodes) with wireless contemporaneous links; hence accepted widely. Nodes can be any processing device with enough memory and wireless links such as laptops. Nodes can communicate directly or via intermediate nodes if source and destination nodes are distant apart. Empowerment of ad hoc wireless networks comes with carryover such as security issues, fairness and resource limitation kindles maliciousness, selfishness and misbehavior among nodes; as a result cooperation cannot be taken for granted. In other words node starts misbehaving in such scenarios. Cooperation in ad hoc wireless networks refers to willingly participate in forwarding data without considering personal benefits. Non cooperation springs less or no routing paths, indigent utilization of bandwidth also boosts probability of packet drop and probability of route or network failure, traces to degraded performance of network. Aftermath is, cooperation becomes an issue and cooperation enforcement becomes prerequisite. Literature subsumes diversified cooperation enforcement schemes. We in this paper reintroduce and investigate some such schemes and approaches; also propose a new approach. We propose classification of schemes in hierarchical-chronological mannerism. We compare cooperation enforcement schemes on inter class and intra class basis. We discuss pros and corns of these schemes. We also analyze and assimilate them on the basis of various network parameters. Finally conclude with open issues in area of cooperation and cooperation enforcement schemes
Exploring the Distribution of Local Neighborhood Structures in Large Networks

Network exploration techniques aim at identifying features like clusters, central nodes or motifs in networks. Motifs are local sub-networks of a network that appear more frequently than expected. We introduce a new type of local neighborhood structure that is spectrally defined, i.e., based on the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of some matrix associated with the network, and show that well established visual analytics techniques for exploring high-dimensional point clouds provide an effective means for the exploration of the distribution of these neighborhood structures. Experiments on real world social networks demonstrate that our approach is indeed capable of revealing interesting neighborhood structures that are not easily accessible otherwise.
An on-line hot data identification for flash-based storage using sampling mechanism

Efficient hot and cold data identification in computer systems has been a fundamental issue. However, it has been least investigated. In this paper, we propose a novel on-line hot data identification scheme for flash-based storage named HotDataTrap. The main idea is to maintain a working set of potential hot data items in a cache based on a sampling mechanism. This sampling-based scheme enables HotDataTrap to early discard some of the cold items so that it can reduce runtime overheads as well as a waste of memory spaces. Moreover, our two-level hash indexing scheme helps HotDataTrap directly look up a requested item in the cache and save a memory space further by exploiting spatial localities. Both our sampling approach and hierarchical hash indexing scheme empower HotDataTrap to precisely and efficiently identify hot data with a even less memory. Our extensive experiments with various realistic workloads demonstrate that our HotDataTrap outperforms the state-of-the-art scheme by an average of 335% and our two-level hash indexing scheme considerably improves further HotDataTrap performance up to 50.8%.
Exploring the effects of visual aesthetics in e-learning for engineering students

e-Learning is changing the way students learn in the classroom. However, one of the least emphasised aspect in e-learning design concerns with aesthetics. Recent research in multimedia aesthetics highlighted the need to understand interaction from a multidisciplinary perspective. Aesthetics research in e-learning usually focuses on exploring the effects of positive aesthetics design towards neutral designs and a gap in exploring the effects of negative aesthetics. In this study, two different designs were developed to reflect positive and negative aesthetics designs. The cognitive outcome of these designs was compared and evaluated based on a learning achievement to measure comprehension. Gender and academic achievement were also explored to investigate if these factors had an effect on aesthetics perception and learning achievement. Based on the outcome of 95 electronic engineering students from two different polytechnics in Malaysia, it was found that engineering students performed better in the negative design in comparison to the positive design. In addition, genders or academic achievement differences were found not to influence the outcome.
Partial Ablation of Uropygial Gland Effect on Production Performance of Akar Putra Chicken

In an experiment with 120 Akar Putra chicken, the partial uropygialectomy effects at 4 ages on production performance was determined. The experiment comprised 5 treatments (24 chicken/treatment), with 3 replicates for each (8 chicken/replicate). Experimental treatments consist of a control treatment T1, partial ablation of uropygial gland (uropygialecomy) were applied on T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatments at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks, respectively. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio for males and females were recorded weekly. The results revealed remarkable significant (p<0.01) enhancing for partial uropygialectomy treatments than control group in all of males and females body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio measurements. Variation ratio of production performance parameters for Partial Uropygialectomy treatments than control group was calculated to support the results. Best results were indicated in T2 treatment when partial uropygialectomy performed at week 3.
Shorter sprints elicit greater cardiorespiratory and mechanical responses with less fatigue during time-matched sprint interval training (sit) sessions

The aim of this study was to compare the physiological, mechanical and perceptual responses to two sprint interval training (SIT) sessions with very short vs. long sprints, and to verify if those differences could be reflected in measures of acute fatigue. Eleven physically active men performed, after the maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max) determination, SIT5s (16x5s with 24s of recovery) and SIT20s (4x20s with 120s of recovery) in random order on a cycle ergometer. Physiological, mechanical, and perceptual responses were evaluated during and after the sessions. The countermovement jump (CMJ) height and autonomic control of heart rate (HR) were evaluated before and after the sessions. Diet was also controlled through recall questionnaires. During the training, SIT5s exhibited greater HR, VO2, power output, and total work (TW) (p .05). A faster HR recovery (HRR) and a higher CMJ height were observed after the SIT5s (p .05). Some correlations between the mechanical and physiological responses were revealed only in the SIT5s. SIT5s was demonstrated to be more efficient as exhibited by greater mechanical responses associated with a higher aerobic activity, when compared to the volume-matched SIT protocol of longer sprints. Simple monitoring tools such as HRR and CMJ could help practitioners to detect differences in acute fatigue after different SIT sessions.
For a Dialectics of Nature and Need: Unity, Separation, and Alienation

ABSTRACT This paper will argue for the pairing of the concept of need with dialectical and materialist conceptions of the nature-society relationship. A dialectical and materialist reading of the nature-society relation, in combination with a discussion of need, will allow for a conceptualization that sees the driver of real separation under capital accumulation. In doing so, this paper will make two main claims: first, that conceptions of unity and separation arising from dialectical thought are essential to an ecological analysis that sees both the universal and particular nature-society relationship; and second, that a recognition of “need” is important for materialist thought. Indeed, the necessity of labour contains within it an important fact of “need. ” Through both a recognition of separation and unity in the nature-society relation, and the pairing of labour and need, we are able to read dialectical thought and materialism as powerful conceptual strategies in order to understand general and alienated forms of the nature-society relation.