Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Simple Direction-Based Lattice Decoding Algorithm for Golden Codes

A quadrant localized lattice decoding algorithm for the golden codes is proposed in this paper that requires very low computational complexity as compared to the sphere decoder. The proposed algorithm is mainly based on the idea of utilizing its directional attributes and localizing the search in a single quadrant of the multi-dimensional space in which the received point lies. We specifically apply this algorithm to the conventional sphere decoder and analyze the performance of the proposed decoder in comparison to the latter one. The adopted approach, however, is sufficiently general to be applied to any popular decoding algorithm for reducing its computational complexity. conventional sphere decoder to reduce its complexity. Despite these efforts, the decoder complexity still remains to be the bottle-neck for the implementation of the MIMO systems. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm, which exploits the directional attributes of the received points to localize the search in a single quadrant of the multi-dimensional space and hence reduces the computational complexity of the existing lattice decoding algorithms significantly. We specifically apply this algorithm to the conventional sphere decoder and analyze the performance of the proposed decoder in comparison to the latter one. The adopted approach, however, is sufficiently general to be applied to any popular decoding algorithm for reducing its computational complexity. Note that a full-rate STC, i.e., the golden code, is used in the encoder of the present system to exploit its property of being an optimal code in the Rayleigh fading environment.
Medical psychotherapy consultation: psychoanalytic psychiatry for the patient and professional

An NHS Mental Health Trust Medical Psychotherapy Consultation Service using psychoanalytic psychiatry to help the patient and professional is described. The Consultation Service established in 2000 is offered to secondary acute and community mental health teams and primary care. The service was evaluated as a basis for regional and national development. Between 2006 and 2013, 87 consultations from 210 were sampled to ascertain demographic and diagnostic profiles and outcomes of the consultation process. We conducted an online survey of local consultant psychiatrists’ views about the service, and undertook a thematic analysis of the free text comments. We also conducted a survey of members of the Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Medical Psychotherapy Faculty to ascertain whether similar consultation services existed elsewhere in the UK and had been evaluated. The Leeds model of psychoanalytic consultation – a ‘consultation sandwich’ – is described. From a psychoanalytic perspective, the work of consultation is seen as an extension of the dynamic field of the analytic situation. This paper develops the concept of a bastion – an omnipotent reserve in and between the patient and professional derived from adhesive identifications leading to stuck relationships. The adhesive identification in the patient and professional acts like a ‘grievance glue’ – a mutual manifestation in a last bastion of painful limitations not faced, losses not grieved.
The impact of shift work on eating patterns and self-care strategies utilised by experienced and inexperienced nurses

ABSTRACT For nurses, shift work is a necessity, required to provide 24-h continuous care for patients. Research posits that fatigue amongst shift-working nurses is associated with inadequate and poorly timed sleep and also strongly influenced by the timing, quality and quantity of food consumed. The aim of this investigation was to examine differences and similarities in the food choices and eating patterns of nurses exposed to different lengths of time in shift work, as a means of understanding how nurses can adapt their eating patterns to better manage fatigue and sleep loss. Qualitative methodology was utilised to study and capture in-depth information about nurses’ daily working lives. A case study approach allowed for the investigation of nurses with limited and extensive experience of shift work. Increased food craving, caffeine consumption and snacking behaviours during night shifts were described by both groups of nurses, as was the inability to drink enough fluids at work. Meal skipping at work, associated with high workload, was detailed more by experienced nurses. Experienced nurses described shopping and preparing home cooked meals in advance to manage food intake and associated fatigue, contrasting with patterns from inexperienced nurses. Experienced nurses recounted drinking alcohol as a way to rest and recover from shift work, unlike their less inexperienced colleagues. These findings indicate organisational and work place issues such as shift work and rostering influence the food choices and eating patterns of shift-working nurses. Experienced nurses, however, draw on a greater range of strategies around diet and eating patterns to minimise these impacts.
Distributed Coverage Control of Mobile Sensor Networks in Unknown Environment Using Game Theory: Algorithms and Experiments

This paper studies the coverage problem in an unknown environment by a Mobile Sensor Network (MSN). Each agent in the MSN has communication, sensing, moving, and computation capabilities to complete sensing tasks. These agents would have some limitations on time and energy to accomplish their tasks that need to be considered by the designers. Here, the agents need to relocate themselves, from their initial random locations, to their optimal configuration. An algorithm based on game theory is proposed, where a collection of distributed agents communicate with local neighbors and use their local information make decisions. A state-based potential game is defined in which each agent's utility function is designed to consider the trade-off between the worth of the covered area and the energy consumption. The agents employ binary log-linear learning to update their actions in each iteration in order to converge to the Nash equilibrium. As the agents do not have the knowledge of the sensing area, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is used to model the distributions of the worth in the sensing area. To estimate the unknown parameters of the GMM, a Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimation scheme is employed, where an expectation-maximization algorithm is used as a tool to solve the ML recursively. Then, in order to feed the estimation algorithm with more informative data, a mutual information term is added to the agents’ utility functions. The mutual information is utilized to determine which observation can improve the agent's knowledge of the unobserved area more. Both simulation results and experimental results on a multi-robot platform are provided to validate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Azamacrolide Comprising the Triazole Moiety as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors

Novel azamacrolides comprising the triazole moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their quorum sensing inhibitor activities on the Agrobacterium tumefaciens. It was found that the inhibition rate of compound Z12-3 at 200 mg/L (0.45 mM) can reach 67%. The potential binding modes between these molecules and the TraR QS receptor was performed by molecular docking. The results showed that the two nitrogen atoms in the triazole ring of Z12-3 formed hydrogen bonds with GLN-2, and the carbonyl group (C=O) in the amide formed hydrogen bonds with water. It was worth noting that the carbonyl group on the macrolides formed hydrogen bonds with the G-106 base in the DNA. These azamacrolides may block quorum sensing expression through key amino acid residues or DNA bases in the TraR QS receptor by hydrogen-bonded.
‘My sister won’t have a normal life forever’: Can Bronfenbrenner’s Systems Theory account for personal and family experience with chronic health difficulties?

Because chronic illness, by definition, continues indefinitely it thus becomes part of the individual’s identity. This qualitative investigation focuses on Lola (a 30 year old female who contracted meningitis in 2010 after revision spinal surgery), her close family unit and their collective experiences of chronic illness. The main aims of the study were to uncover the impact of chronic illness on one individual and her family and to explore this in relation to Bronfenbrenner’s systems theory. Three semi-structured interviews along with four narrative accounts were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. From this, four significant themes were identified, these being: Loss; Denial; Stigma and Stereotypes and; Blame and Responsibility. These findings were in accordance with previous literature into chronic illness and chronic pain with associations being made to Bronfenbrenner’s systems theory.
Numerical Linear Algebra in the Sliding Window Model

We initiate the study of numerical linear algebra in the sliding window model, where only the most recent $W$ updates in the data stream form the underlying set. Although most existing work in the sliding window model uses the smooth histogram framework, most interesting linear-algebraic problems are not smooth; we show that the spectral norm, vector induced matrix norms, generalized regression, and low-rank approximation are not amenable for the smooth histogram framework. To overcome this challenge, we first give a deterministic algorithm that achieves spectral approximation in the sliding window model that can be viewed as a generalization of smooth histograms, using the Loewner ordering of PSD matrices. We then give algorithms for both spectral approximation and low-rank approximation that are space-optimal up to polylogarithmic factors. Our algorithms are based on a new notion of "reverse online" leverage scores that account for both how unique and how recent a row is, while preserving sparsity so that both our algorithms run in input sparsity runtime, up to lower order factors. We show that our techniques have applications to linear-algebraic problems in other settings. Specifically, we show that our analysis immediately implies an algorithm for low-rank approximation in the online setting that is space-optimal up to logarithmic factors, as well as nearly input sparsity time. We show our deterministic spectral approximation algorithm can be used to handle $\ell_1$ spectral approximation in the sliding window model under a certain assumption on the bit complexity of the entries. Finally, we show that our downsampling framework can be applied to the problem of approximate matrix multiplication and provide upper and lower bounds that are tight up to $\log\log W$ factors.
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the impact of OSA on subsequent cardiovascular events after PCI. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library from their inceptions to August 5, 2017. We included cohort studies that described the association between OSA (based on apnea-hypopnea index) and cardiovascular outcomes after PCI with stenting. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), including all-cause or cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, repeat revascularization, or heart failure. Outcomes data were pooled using random effects models and heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic. We identified 9 studies with 2755 participants. The prevalence of OSA in patients treated with PCI ranged from 35.3% to 61.8%. OSA was associated with increased risk of MACE after PCI (pooled risk ratio [RR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36–2.81, P < .001, I2 = 54%). Between-study heterogeneity was partially explained by sample size (2 studies with ⩽100 participants; RR 9.12, 95% CI: 2.69–31.00, I2 = 0% vs 7 studies with >100 participants; RR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.23–2.18, I2 = 35%). Moreover, the presence of OSA significantly increased the incidence of all-cause death (4 studies), cardiovascular death (4 studies), and repeat revascularization (7 studies) in patients undergoing PCI. Patients with OSA are at greater risk of subsequent cardiovascular events after PCI. Whether treatment of OSA prevents such events warrants further investigation.
Fulvestrant for the treatment of advanced breast cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction: The current issues with endocrine therapy for treatment of advanced breast cancer include balance of efficacy of therapy versus tolerability as well as hormone resistance. The efficacy of fulvestrant, a selective oestrogen receptor degrader (SERD), has been demonstrated in hormone receptor positive patients previously untreated or treated with hormonal therapy. Areas covered: This article discusses the journey of fulvestrant licensing, its efficacy in combination with other endocrine therapies and the future role it may have within breast cancer treatment. Expert commentary: Within phase III trials, fulvestrant has demonstrated equivalent or improved clinical efficacy when compared with established endocrine agents. In the recent decade, fulvestrant has achieved licensing as a second line agent in non-operative advanced breast cancer at initially 250mg, increasing to 500mg. Presently, fulvestrant is licensed globally as first line endocrine management for advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Early combination trials of fulvestrant and cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated good clinical efficacy with improved progression free survival when compared to fulvestrant alone.
Dopamine receptors mediate strategy abandoning via modulation of a specific prelimbic cortex–nucleus accumbens pathway in mice

Significance Strategy-switching flexibility is a critical executive function necessary for living in an ever-evolving environment, and this ability is often impaired in attentional deficit and hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and early Parkinson’s disease. To date, the underlying brain circuitry and receptor mechanisms are not entirely clear. The results of the present study suggest the essential role of a specific projection from prelimbic cortex to nucleus accumbens (NAc) D2 medium spiny neurons as well as NAc dopamine and presynaptic dopamine receptors of this projection in controlling the strategy-switching flexibility. These findings promote a better understanding of circuitry and neurobiology of strategy-switching flexibility and could contribute to identifying novel therapeutic targets for patients suffering from strategy-switching inflexibility. The ability to abandon old strategies and adopt new ones is essential for survival in a constantly changing environment. While previous studies suggest the importance of the prefrontal cortex and some subcortical areas in the generation of strategy-switching flexibility, the fine neural circuitry and receptor mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this study, we showed that optogenetic excitation and inhibition of the prelimbic cortex–nucleus accumbens (NAc) pathway in the mouse respectively enhances and suppresses strategy-switching ability in a cross-modal spatial-egocentric task. This ability is dependent on an intact dopaminergic tone in the NAc, as local dopamine denervation impaired the performance of the animal in the switching of tasks. In addition, based on a brain-slice preparation obtained from Drd2-EGFP BAC transgenic mice, we demonstrated direct innervation of D2 receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D2-MSNs) in the NAc by prelimbic cortical neurons, which is under the regulation by presynaptic dopamine receptors. While presynaptic D1-type receptor activation enhances the glutamatergic transmission from the prelimbic cortex to D2-MSNs, D2-type receptor activation suppresses this synaptic connection. Furthermore, manipulation of this pathway by optogenetic activation or administration of a D1-type agonist or a D2-type antagonist could restore impaired task-switching flexibility in mice with local NAc dopamine depletion; this restoration is consistent with the effects of knocking down the expression of specific dopamine receptors in the pathway. Our results point to a critical role of a specific prelimbic cortex–NAc subpathway in mediating strategy abandoning, allowing the switching from one strategy to another in problem solving.
Innovative pedagogies: research based learning, taking it a step further

Like many psychology departments we engaged in many forms of teaching that was informed by research. However, on reflection we can see that our early attempts were not optimal since they had little intrinsic value for staff or students. We argue that research-based learning is optimal only when students learn as researchers in inquiry-based activities, and where the division of roles between teacher and student is minimised. In this context research becomes an authentic and complex task, and a vehicle for transformational learning. Here we share our experience of creating a research-based learning module which ultimately evolved to transform departmental culture to one in which our students work alongside us as co-creators of knowledge. - See more at: https://www.heacademy. ac.uk/research-based-learning-taking-it-step-further#sthash.ubLilTph. dpuf
Molecular typing and whole genome next generation sequencing of human adenovirus 8 strains recovered from four 2012 outbreaks of keratoconjunctivitis in New York State

Ocular infections caused by human adenovirus (HAdV) are highly contagious. The most severe are usually caused by members of species HAdV‐D (types HAdV8, 19, 37, 53, 54, and 56) and can manifest as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), often resulting in prolonged impairment of vision. During the early months of 2012, EKC outbreaks occurred in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in 3 hospitals in New York State (New York and Suffolk Counties). A total of 32 neonates were affected. For 14 of them, HAdV8 was laboratory‐confirmed as the causative agent. Nine healthcare workers were also affected with 3 laboratory‐confirmed, HAdV‐positive EKC. A fourth EKC outbreak was documented among patients attending a private ophthalmology practice in Ulster County involving a total of 35 cases. Epidemiological linkage between the neonatal intensive care unit outbreaks was demonstrated by molecular typing of virus isolates with restriction enzyme analysis and next generation whole genome sequencing. The strain isolated from the ophthalmology clinic was easily distinguishable from the others by restriction enzyme analysis.
ASXL1 mutations in Chinese patients with essential thrombocythemia

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is characterized by thrombotic and hemorrhagic events. The association of clinical characteristics of Chinese ET patients and additional sex combs like 1 (ASXL1) mutations in these patients has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, 72 newly diagnosed Chinese ET patients were enrolled to determine ASXL1 mutations. Mutations in ASXL1, Janus kinase (JAK)2, calreticulin (CALR) and myeloproliferative leukemia (MPL) genes were detected using Sanger sequencing, and data were statistically analyzed. The frequencies of ASXL1, JAK2 V617F, CALR and MPL W515 mutations in ET patients were 19.4% (14/72), 29.2% (21/72), 31.9% (23/72) and 0% (0/72), respectively. Of note, 28 ET patients (38.9%) were negative for JAK2, CALR and MPL mutations; these patients were classified as triple-negative (TN). The frequency of ASXL1 mutations in patients with JAK2 V617F, CALR and TN mutations was 23.8% (5/21), 21.7% (5/23) and 14.3% (4/28), respectively. ASXL1-mutant patients exhibited significant propensities for thrombotic events compared with the ASXL1 wild-type (wt) cohort (42.9 vs. 12.1%; P=0.021). In addition, JAK2 V617F-mutant patients had a higher mean age compared with CALR-mutant (64.76 vs. 52.96 years; P=0.008) or TN patients (64.76 vs. 51.14 years; P=0.002). Furthermore, more white blood cells in the peripheral blood (PB) were observed in JAK2 V617F-mutant patients compared with those in TN patients (12.40 vs. 8.20×109/l; P=0.02). In addition, CALR-mutant patients exhibited more platelets (PLT) in PB than JAK2 V617F-mutant patients (787.91 vs. 562.17×109/l; P=0.047). TN patients had a significantly lower incidence of clinical symptoms, including dizziness, palpitation and chest congestion compared with CALR- or JAK2 V617F-mutant patients (14.1 vs. 39.1%; P=0.043 and 14.1 vs. 38.1%; P=0.050). No significant difference in progression-free survival was observed between ASXL1-mutant and ASXL1-wt patients (P=0.590). In conclusion, ASXL1-mutant ET patients are prone to experiencing thrombotic events. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of thrombotic events among CARL-mutant, JAK2 V617F-mutant and TN patients. Furthermore, ASXL1-mutant/TN patients exhibited a higher number of PLT than ASXL1/JAK2 V617F-double mutant patients. Therefore, ASXL1 mutations may be a risk factor for the occurrence of thrombotic events in ET patients.
Butin Attenuates Brain Edema in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Anti Inflammatory Pathway

Abstract Background This study evaluates the effect of butin against brain edema in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methodology ICH was induced by injecting bacterial collagenase in the brain and all the animals were separated into four groups such as control group, ICH group treated with vehicle, Butin 25 and 50 mg/kg group receives butin (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.)60 min after the induction of ICH in all animals. One day after neurological score, hemorrhagic injury and expressions of protein responsible for apoptosis and inflammatory cytokines were assessed in the brain tissue of ICH rats. Result Neurological scoring significantly increased and hemorrhagic lesion volume decreased in butin treated group of rats compared to ICH group. However, treatment with butin significantly decreases the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and protein expression of Cleaved caspase-3 than ICH group in dose dependent manner. Level of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) in the brain tissues were significantly decreased in the butin treated group than ICH group. In addition butin attenuates the altered signaling pathway of NF-κB in the brain tissues of ICH rats. Conclusion Our study concludes that butin attenuates the altered behavior and neuronal condition in ICH rats by reducing apoptosis and inflammatory response.
EVOLUTIONARY PATTERNS AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF ANGIOSPERM ROOT TRAITS

AbstractOn the basis of a synthesis of recent progress in belowground ecology, we advance and discuss a hypothesis that relates root trait evolution to the increased dominance of angiosperms into dry upland habitats and the decline of atmospheric CO2 concentration that began in the Cretaceous. Our hypothesis is built from examining patterns of fine root adaptations during the Cretaceous, when angiosperms dramatically diversified in association with arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal root-fungal symbionts. We then explore the potential effects of root adaptations and mycorrhizas on the geochemical carbon cycle. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses of root traits among extant plant species, we suggest that angiosperm taxa, which diversified since the early Cretaceous, evolved thinner roots with greater root length per unit of biomass invested (i.e., specific root length [SRL]) than earlier diverging taxa. We suggest that these changes in root morphology were facilitated by a decline in atmospheric CO2, which l.