Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery.

BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is associated with increased risks of gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age infants, preterm birth, congenital malformations, and stillbirth. The risks of these outcomes among women who have undergone bariatric surgery are unclear. METHODS We identified 627,693 singleton pregnancies in the Swedish Medical Birth Register from 2006 through 2011, of which 670 occurred in women who had previously undergone bariatric surgery and for whom presurgery weight was documented. For each pregnancy after bariatric surgery, up to five control pregnancies were matched for the mother's presurgery body-mass index (BMI; we used early-pregnancy BMI in the controls), age, parity, smoking history, educational level, and delivery year. We assessed the risks of gestational diabetes, large-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age infants, preterm birth, stillbirth, neonatal death, and major congenital malformations. RESULTS Pregnancies after bariatric surgery, as compared with matched control pregnancies, were associated with lower risks of gestational diabetes (1.9% vs. 6.8%; odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13 to 0.47; P<0.001) and large-for-gestational-age infants (8.6% vs. 22.4%; odds ratio, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.44; P<0.001). In contrast, they were associated with a higher risk of small-for-gestational-age infants (15.6% vs. 7.6%; odds ratio, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.64 to 2.95; P<0.001) and shorter gestation (273.0 vs. 277.5 days; mean difference -4.5 days; 95% CI, -2.9 to -6.0; P<0.001), although the risk of preterm birth was not significantly different (10.0% vs. 7.5%; odds ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.78; P=0.15). The risk of stillbirth or neonatal death was 1.7% versus 0.7% (odds ratio, 2.39; 95% CI, 0.98 to 5.85; P=0.06). There was no significant between-group difference in the frequency of congenital malformations. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery was associated with reduced risks of gestational diabetes and excessive fetal growth, shorter gestation, an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age infants, and possibly increased mortality. (Funded by the Swedish Research Council and others.).
Analyse discursive et multi-modale des conversations écrites en ligne portées sur la résolution de problèmes. (Multi-modal discursive analysis of problem-solving written online conversations)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Analyse discursive et multi-modale des conversations écrites en ligne portées sur la résolution de problèmes Soufian Antoine Salim
Sparse Linear Isotonic Models

In machine learning and data mining, linear models have been widely used to model the response as parametric linear functions of the predictors. To relax such stringent assumptions made by parametric linear models, additive models consider the response to be a summation of unknown transformations applied on the predictors; in particular, additive isotonic models (AIMs) assume the unknown transformations to be monotone. In this paper, we introduce sparse linear isotonic models (SLIMs) for highdimensional problems by hybridizing ideas in parametric sparse linear models and AIMs, which enjoy a few appealing advantages over both. In the high-dimensional setting, a two-step algorithm is proposed for estimating the sparse parameters as well as the monotone functions over predictors. Under mild statistical assumptions, we show that the algorithm can accurately estimate the parameters. Promising preliminary experiments are presented to support the theoretical results.
The Effects of Team Reflexivity on Psychological Well-Being in Manufacturing Teams

While the impact of team reflexivity (a.k.a. after-event-reviews, team debriefs) on team performance has been widely examined, we know little about its implications on other team outcomes such as member well-being. Drawing from prior team reflexivity research, we propose that reflexivity-related team processes reduce demands, and enhance control and support. Given the centrality of these factors to work-based strain, we posit that team reflexivity, by affecting these factors, may have beneficial implications on 3 core dimensions of employee burnout, namely exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy (reduced personal accomplishment). Using a sample of 469 unskilled manufacturing workers employed in 73 production teams in a Southern Chinese factory, we implemented a time lagged, quasi-field experiment, with half of the teams trained in and executing an end-of-shift team debriefing, and the other half assigned to a control condition and undergoing periodic postshift team-building exercises. Our findings largely supported our hypotheses, demonstrating that relative to team members assigned to the control condition, those assigned to the reflexivity condition experienced a significant improvement in all 3 burnout dimensions over time. These effects were mediated by control and support (but not demands) and amplified as a function of team longevity.
The Burden of and Risk Factors for Trachoma in Selected Districts of Zimbabwe: Results of 16 Population-Based Prevalence Surveys

ABSTRACT Background: Trachoma, a leading cause of blindness, is targeted for global elimination as a public health problem by 2020. In order to contribute to this goal, countries should demonstrate reduction of disease prevalence below specified thresholds, after implementation of the SAFE strategy in areas with defined endemicity. Zimbabwe had not yet generated data on trachoma endemicity and no specific interventions against trachoma have yet been implemented. Methods: Two trachoma mapping phases were successively implemented in Zimbabwe, with eight districts included in each phase, in September 2014 and October 2015. The methodology of the Global Trachoma Mapping Project was used. Results: Our teams examined 53,211 people for trachoma in 385 sampled clusters. Of 18,196 children aged 1–9 years examined, 1526 (8.4%) had trachomatous inflammation–follicular (TF). Trichiasis was observed in 299 (1.0%) of 29,519 people aged ≥15 years. Of the 16 districts surveyed, 11 (69%) had TF prevalences ≥10% in 1–9-year-olds, indicative of active trachoma being a significant public health problem, requiring implementation of the A, F and E components of the SAFE strategy for at least 3 years. The total estimated trichiasis backlog across the 16 districts was 5506 people. The highest estimated trichiasis burdens were in Binga district (1211 people) and Gokwe North (854 people). Conclusion: Implementation of the SAFE strategy is needed in parts of Zimbabwe. In addition, Zimbabwe needs to conduct more baseline trachoma mapping in districts adjacent to those identified here as having a public health problem from the disease.
The High Definition Earth Viewing (HDEV) payload

The High Definition Earth Viewing (HDEV) payload enables long-term experimentation of four, commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) high definition video, cameras mounted on the exterior of the International Space Station. The payload enables testing of cameras in the space environment. The HDEV cameras transmit imagery continuously to an encoder that then sends the video signal via Ethernet through the space station for downlink. The encoder, cameras, and other electronics are enclosed in a box pressurized to approximately one atmosphere, containing dry nitrogen, to provide a level of protection to the electronics from the space environment. The encoded video format supports streaming live video of Earth for viewing online. Camera sensor types include charge-coupled device and complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. Received imagery data is analyzed on the ground to evaluate camera sensor performance. Since payload deployment, minimal degradation to imagery quality has been observed. The HDEV payload continues to operate by live streaming and analyzing imagery. Results from the experiment reduce risk in the selection of cameras that could be considered for future use on the International Space Station and other spacecraft. This paper discusses the payload development, end-to-end architecture, experiment operation, resulting image analysis, and future work.
[18F]AV‐1451 tau‐PET and primary progressive aphasia

To assess [18F]AV‐1451 tau‐PET (positron emission tomography) uptake patterns across the primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants (logopenic, semantic, and agrammatic), examine regional uptake patterns of [18F]AV‐1451 independent of clinical diagnosis, and compare the diagnostic utility of [18F]AV‐1451, [18F]‐fluorodeoxygluclose (FDG)‐PET and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) to differentiate the PPA variants.
Electric arc modeling of the EAF using differential evolution algorithm

ABSTRACT Štore Steel Ltd. makes more than 1400 steel grades. The highest costs in steel production from scrap stems from the electric arc furnace electric energy consumption. Electrical energy is used to produce heat energy generated by the burning arc between the graphite electrodes and steel scrap. In general, the balanced heat input of all electrodes is essential. Based on the input of thermal energy from all electrodes, also the possibility of occurrence of hot and cold spots in the electric arc furnace can be determined. Perception of and the elimination of the unequal heat load of electrodes have a major impact on reducing operating costs and increasing the efficiency of the electric arc furnace production. Most authors have modeled the arc furnace as an electrical equivalent circuit, where the electric arc is modeled using the macroscopic approach. In this paper, the microscopic approach to the electric arc model is described, where a set of equations (electrical neutrality, Dalton law, Saha–Eggert) was solved using differential evolution algorithm. The results of modeling were practically confirmed by measuring electric parameters (voltage, current, active power) during the electric arc furnace operation. In November 2016, the investment in a new electrode controller using implemented logic will be carried out.
Horses With Pasture Asthma Have Airway Remodeling That Is Characteristic of Human Asthma

Severe equine asthma, formerly recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), is the horse counterpart of human asthma, affecting horses maintained indoors in continental climates. Equine pasture asthma, formerly summer pasture RAO, is clinically similar but affects grazing horses during hot, humid conditions in the southeastern United States and United Kingdom. To advance translational relevance of equine pasture asthma to human asthma, histologic features of airway remodeling in human asthma were scored in lung lobes from 15 pasture asthma-affected and 9 control horses of mixed breeds. All noncartilaginous airways were scored using a standardized grading rubric (0–3) in hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Movat’s pentachrome-stained sections; 15 airways were chosen randomly from each lobe for analysis. Logistic regression identified disease, age, and lobe effects on probability of histologic outcomes. Airway smooth muscle (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5, P < .001), goblet cell hyperplasia/metaplasia (OR = 37.6, P < .0001), peribronchiolar elastic system fibers (OR = 4.2, P < .001), peribronchiolar fibrosis (OR = 3.8, P = .01), airway occlusion by mucus/inflammation (OR = 4.2, P = .04), and airway adventitial inflammation (OR = 3.0, P = .01) were significantly greater in diseased airways. A novel complex tissue disorganization, designated terminal bronchiolar remodeling, was overrepresented in diseased airways (OR = 3.7, P < .0001). Distribution of terminal bronchiolar remodeling corresponded to putative sites of air trapping in human asthma, at secondary pulmonary lobules. Age (>15 years) was an independent risk factor for increased peribronchiolar fibrosis, elastic system fibers, and terminal bronchiolar remodeling. Remodeling differed significantly between lung lobes, congruent with nonhomogeneous remodeling in human asthma. Equine pasture asthma recapitulates airway remodeling in human asthma in a manner not achieved in induced animal asthma models, endorsing its translational relevance for human asthma investigation.
A Spatio-Temporal Appearance Representation for Video-Based Pedestrian Re-Identification

Pedestrian re-identification is a difficult problem due to the large variations in a person's appearance caused by different poses and viewpoints, illumination changes, and occlusions. Spatial alignment is commonly used to address these issues by treating the appearance of different body parts independently. However, a body part can also appear differently during different phases of an action. In this paper we consider the temporal alignment problem, in addition to the spatial one, and propose a new approach that takes the video of a walking person as input and builds a spatio-temporal appearance representation for pedestrian re-identification. Particularly, given a video sequence we exploit the periodicity exhibited by a walking person to generate a spatio-temporal body-action model, which consists of a series of body-action units corresponding to certain action primitives of certain body parts. Fisher vectors are learned and extracted from individual body-action units and concatenated into the final representation of the walking person. Unlike previous spatio-temporal features that only take into account local dynamic appearance information, our representation aligns the spatio-temporal appearance of a pedestrian globally. Extensive experiments on public datasets show the effectiveness of our approach compared with the state of the art.
Process Optimization for Recombinant Protein Expression in Insect Cells

Insect cells can be used for the efficient production of heterologous proteins. The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) in Spodoptera frugiperda cells and the stable transformation of Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells are widely used for this purpose. Whereas BEVS is a transient expression system for rapid protein production, stable D. melanogaster cell lines are compatible with more complex processes modes. This chapter describes the setup of both systems, including steps for the generation of expression vectors and comprehensive optimization approaches. The genetic elements available in each system are described, as well as the use of different cloning and transfection methods and advanced process monitoring to achieve robust protein expression in larger-scale bioreactors.
Graphical Models for Non-Negative Data Using Generalized Score Matching

A common challenge in estimating parameters of probability density functions is the intractability of the normalizing constant. While in such cases maximum likelihood estimation may be implemented using numerical integration, the approach becomes computationally intensive. In contrast, the score matching method of Hyv\"arinen (2005) avoids direct calculation of the normalizing constant and yields closed-form estimates for exponential families of continuous distributions over $\mathbb{R}^m$. Hyv\"arinen (2007) extended the approach to distributions supported on the non-negative orthant $\mathbb{R}_+^m$. In this paper, we give a generalized form of score matching for non-negative data that improves estimation efficiency. We also generalize the regularized score matching method of Lin et al. (2016) for non-negative Gaussian graphical models, with improved theoretical guarantees.
Gain Modulation of Cholinergic Neurons in the Medial Septum‐Diagonal Band of Broca Through Hyperpolarization

Hippocampal network oscillations are important for learning and memory. Theta rhythms are involved in attention, navigation, and memory encoding, whereas sharp wave‐ripple complexes are involved in memory consolidation. Cholinergic neurons in the medial septum‐diagonal band of Broca (MS‐DB) influence both types of hippocampal oscillations, promoting theta rhythms and suppressing sharp wave‐ripples. They also receive frequency‐dependent hyperpolarizing feedback from hippocamposeptal connections, potentially affecting their role as neuromodulators in the septohippocampal circuit. However, little is known about how the integration properties of cholinergic MS‐DB neurons change with hyperpolarization. By potentially altering firing behavior in cholinergic neurons, hyperpolarizing feedback from the hippocampal neurons may, in turn, change hippocampal network activity. To study changes in membrane integration properties in cholinergic neurons in response to hyperpolarizing inputs, we used whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings targeting genetically labeled, choline acetyltransferase‐positive neurons in mouse brain slices. Hyperpolarization of cholinergic MS‐DB neurons resulted in a long‐lasting decrease in spike firing rate and input‐output gain. Additionally, voltage‐clamp measures implicated a slowly inactivating, 4‐AP‐insensitive, outward K+ conductance. Using a conductance‐based model of cholinergic MS‐DB neurons, we show that the ability of this conductance to modulate firing rate and gain depends on the expression of an experimentally verified shallow intrinsic spike frequency‐voltage relationship. Together, these findings point to a means through which negative feedback from hippocampal neurons can influence the role of cholinergic MS‐DB neurons. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Engineering electrical properties of graphene : chemical approaches

To ensure the high performance of graphene-based devices, it is necessary to engineer the electrical properties of graphenewith enhanced conductivity, controlled work function, opened or closed bandgaps, etc. This can be performed by various non-covalent chemical approaches, including molecular adsorption, substrate-induced doping, polymerization on graphene, deposition ofmetallic thinfilms or nanoparticles, etc. In addition, covalent approaches such as the substitution of carbon atomswith boron or nitrogen and the functionalizationwith hydrogen orfluorine are useful to tune the bandgapsmore efficiently, with better uniformity and stability. In this review, representative examples of chemically engineered graphene and its device applications will be reviewed, and remaining challenges will be discussed.
Impact of Hotel Discount Strategies on Consumers’ Emotion and Behavior in the Presence of High and Low Involvement Consumers

While hotels come up with various discount strategies to attract consumers, especially during a recession, both hotels and consumers seem to favor dynamic pricing. Previous studies also indicated that price discounts give consumers not only monetary benefits but also positive emotional responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate how uniform pricing and dynamic pricing influence consumers’ emotion and behavior, identifying the role of their involvement. Results of study suggested that high involvement consumers responded more positively to dynamic pricing than uniform pricing. Moreover, younger and female consumers were more likely to be involved in obtaining a discount, and high involvement consumers showed more positive feelings, and were more likely to tell others, and make repeat purchases from a discount as compared to low involvement consumers.
Finding Principal Semantics of Style in Art

We investigate a novel mechanism to interpret each coordinate of Deep Neural Network (DNN) activations with concepts aligned with art principles such as light, shape, pattern, line, and textures. After training state-of-the-art DNN architectures as paintings' style classifiers, we collect activations from the second to last layer of DNN and conduct a data analysis. Based on the interpretation results, we can demonstrate which art principles are essential when machines understand styles and also can decipher each coordinates value in the context of relatedness to specific art principles.
Semantic Segmentation of Highly Structured and Weakly Structured Images. (Segmentation sémantique d'images fortement structurées et faiblement structurées)

The aim of this thesis is to develop techniques for segmenting strongly-structuredscenes (e.g. building images) and weakly-structured scenes (e.g. natural images). Buildingimages can naturally be expressed in terms of grammars and inference is performed usinggrammars to obtain the optimal segmentation. However, it is difficult and time consum-ing to write such grammars. To alleviate this problem, a novel method to automaticallylearn grammars from a given training set of image and ground-truth segmentation pairs isdeveloped. Experiments suggested that such learned grammars help in better and fasterinference. Next, the effect of using grammars for strongly structured scenes is explored.To this end, a very simple technique based on Auto-Context is used to segment buildingimages. Surprisingly, even with out using any domain specific knowledge, we observedsignificant improvements in terms of performance on several benchmark datasets. Lastly,a novel technique based on convolutional neural networks is developed to segment imageswithout any high-level structure. Image-adaptive filtering is performed within a CNN ar-chitecture to facilitate long-range connections. Experiments on different large scale bench-marks show significant improvements in terms of performance
Microwave impedance sensors for the dielectric characterization of liquids

Two small coplanar waveguide impedance sensors for the characterization of liquids are introduced. A simplified two-step calibration procedure is developed. The first step defines the reference plane, which is set close to the sample. This yields a simple lumped element equivalent circuit model. Only two known materials, namely air and a 1.0% NaCl solution, are then needed to determine calibration curves for parameter extraction. The capability of the presented sensors to determine the permittivity of unknown liquids with low, moderate, and high loss up to about 12 GHz is analyzed. The major strengths of the proposed approach are broadband measurement capability, simplicity of the calibration procedure and potential for miniaturization.