Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sulcus Vocalis: A Rational Analytical Approach to Diagnosis and Management

The term sulcus vocalis has been applied to a spectrum of disorders ranging from minor vocal fold indentations to destructive lesions causing severe dysphonia. To clarify the pathophysiology and to develop a more rational approach to treatment, we report a series of sulcus patients including 20 surgical cases. Clinical and histopathologic analysis produced a clinically useful classification: type 1 is a physiologic variant accentuated by atrophy but with intact lamina propria; types 2 (sulcus vergeture) and 3 (sulcus vocalis) are characterized by severe dysphonia, loss of vibratory activity, and destruction of the functional superficial lamina propria. These latter cases respond favorably to microsurgery designed to remove destroyed tissue, release scar contracture, and promote mucosal redraping by regional undermining. Further study of the extracellular matrix of the superficial lamina propria (Reinke's space) might indicate a common pathway in the pathogenesis of sulcus deformities and other related benign vocal fold lesions.
Reproductive biology of the biofuel plant Jatropha curcas in its center of origin

In this work, we studied the main characteristics of flowering, reproductive system and diversity of pollinators for the biofuel plant Jatropha curcas (L.) in a site of tropical southeastern Mexico, within its center of origin. The plants were monoecious with inflorescences of unisexual flowers. The male flowers produced from 3062–5016 pollen grains (266–647 per anther). The plants produced fruits with both geitonogamy and xenogamy, although insect pollination significantly increased the number and quality of fruits. A high diversity of flower visiting insects (36 species) was found, of which nine were classified as efficient pollinators. The native stingless bees Scaptotrigona mexicana (Guérin-Meneville) and Trigona (Tetragonisca) angustula (Latreille) were the most frequent visitors and their presence coincided with the hours when the stigma was receptive. It is noteworthy that the female flowers open before the male flowers, favoring xenogamy, which may explain the high genetic variability reported in J. curcas for this region of the world.
Co-evolution of morphology and walking pattern of biped humanoid robot using evolutionary computation:designing the real robot

In this paper, a method for co-evolving morphology and controller of a real biped walking robot is proposed using evolutionary computation. Although certain control theories exist, such as zero moment point (ZMP) compensation, these theories assume humanoid robot morphology is given in advance. Thus, engineers have to design a control program for a priori designed morphology. If morphology and locomotion are considered simultaneously, we do not have to spend time with trial-and-error. The detailed model of morphology is used for morphology in which the characteristics of the servo module are considered. As the controller, pattern generators are used. The biped walking robot which can walk the longest distance are designed with a two step genetic algorithm. As a result, the detailed model of the robot which can walk the longest distance is generated from limited size of chromosomes.
Discriminative Multi-Task Feature Selection

The effectiveness of supervised feature selection degrades in low training data scenarios. We propose to alleviate this problem by augmenting per-task feature selection with joint feature selection over multiple tasks. Our algorithm builds on the assumption that different tasks have shared structure which could be utilized to cope with data sparsity. The proposed trace-ratio based model not only selects discriminative features for each task, but also finds features which are discriminative over all tasks. Extensive experiment on different data sets demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithm in low training data scenarios.
Comparison of single cone obturation performance of different novel nickel-titanium rotary systems

Abstract Objectives. The purpose of this study was to compare several different single-cone obturations in the gutta-percha-ﬁlled areas (PGFA), sealer-ﬁlled areas (PSFA) and voids, also determining the volumetric characteristics of the tested cones. Materials and methods. Curved mesial roots of 120 mandibular molars were instrumented using several different systems (ProTaper Next, Twisted File Adaptive, OneShape, ProTaper Universal, WaveOne and Reciproc) and filled with corresponding single cones. The teeth were then sectioned horizontally at 2, 4, 6 and 8 mm from the apex. The area values of each section were calculated and converted to percentages (PGFA, PSFA and voids) of the total area. To determine volumetric characteristics of the tested cones, 20 gutta-percha points of each tested group were scanned with CBCT using the same parameters. Results. The ProTaper Next and WaveOne groups presented the most PGFA and least PSFA. The Twisted File Adaptive group presented the least PGFA and most PSFA (p < 0.05) and the least gutta-percha volume. Conclusions. The Twisted File Adaptive system matched cones had the least volume and the least PGFA in severely curved mesiobuccal canals of mandibular ﬁrst molars. Single matched cones volume varied.
An experimental study on the self-reference effect

Self-reference at encoding increases the probability of recollective experience in recognition memory. Self-reference effect (SRE) in memory is observed when the degree of self-reference of to-be-remembered materials is varied. Usually items encoded in terms of self-reference are associated with significantly higher recall performance relative to items encoded in other ways, including semantic encoding. In our three experiments, four orientating tasks formed four levels in a between-subjects design. The conditions were rating personality traits with reference to self, mother, Lu Xun (a famous Chinese writer) or rating the traits on a negative-positive dimension. In a recognition test, subjects first identified old items and then indicated which of these were accompanied by recollective experience (‘remember’ responses) and which were recognized on some other basis (‘know’ responses). Our results showed that both the self-reference condition and mother condition were associated with the same highest proportion of correct remember responses and the same lowest proportion of correct know responses. In contrast, for Western subjects, the self-reference condition, relative to the mother condition, was associated with a higher proportion of correct remember responses and a lower proportion of correct know responses. We discussed the results with reference to the HERA model (hemispheric encoding/retrieval asymmetry).
Precision is in the Eye of the Beholder: Application of Eye Fixation-Related Potentials to Information Systems Research

This paper introduces the eye-fixation related potential (EFRP) method to IS research. The EFRP method allows one to synchronize eye tracking with electroencephalographic (EEG) recording to precisely capture users’ neural activity at the exact time at which they start to cognitively process a stimulus (e.g., event on the screen). This complements and overcomes some of the shortcomings of the traditional event related potential (ERP) method, which can only stamp the time at which a stimulus is presented to a user. Thus, we propose a method conjecture of the superiority of EFRP over ERP for capturing the cognitive processing of a stimulus when such cognitive processing is not necessarily synchronized with the time at which the stimulus appears. We illustrate the EFRP method with an experiment in a natural IS use context in which we asked users to read an industry report while email pop-up notifications arrived on their screen. The results support our proposed hypotheses and show three distinct neural processes associated with 1) the attentional reaction to email pop-up notification, 2) the cognitive processing of the email pop-up notification, and 3) the motor planning activity involved in opening or not the email. Furthermore, further analyses of the data gathered in the experiment serve to validate our method conjecture about the superiority of the EFRP method over the ERP in natural IS use contexts. In addition to the experiment, our study discusses important IS research questions that could be pursued with the aid of EFRP, and describes a set of guidelines to help IS researchers use this method.
Privacy Preserving in distributed SVM data mining over horizontally partitioned data

Data Mining algorithms can tackle the data either centrally or distributed. Outsourcing data can solve the issues of processing, storing, and analyzing a massive data. A proportion of existing data in various places and to improve the classification results, we propose the following solution for data mining with preserving the privacy. However, a critical problem that precludes free sharing of information is confidentiality and security issues. One of the significant tasks of data mining and machine learning is classification new instances, the SVM algorithms a widely used in classification, which applicable in many various areas. We propose a privacy-preserving solution for SVM classification over horizontally partitioned data. Our solution constructs a global SVM classification model from global Gram Matrix, without revealing sensitive data. Our experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of distributed SVM using Gram matrix up to 97% with preserving the privacy.
MRI for Iron Mapping in Alzheimer's Disease

Background: Monitoring iron deposition became possible with new dedicated quantitative MRI sequences. These sequences hold promise to determine the role of iron in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is currently unclear as to whether iron accumulation is pathogenically involved in AD or solely represents an epiphenomenon of the neurodegenerative process. Objective: We discuss currently available MR methods for quantitative iron mapping in the brain and provide an overview of results in animal models as well as in AD patients. Methods: A short literature review was used for analysis. Results: R2*-based imaging is the best validated technique for iron detection. Current research applications include amyloid plaque detection in postmortem brains and in transgenic animal models and quantitative iron mapping in gray matter. AD patients have increased iron levels in the putamen, pulvinar thalamus, red nucleus, hippocampus, and temporal cortex. The clinical consequences of this finding and the dynamics of iron accumulation in AD are widely unknown. Conclusions: MRI allows to quantitatively map iron accumulation in the brain. The clinical significance of increased iron levels in AD needs to be determined in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The advent of ultra-high field imaging in clinical applications will increase image resolution and will allow in vivo iron detection in neocortical structures in AD patients both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.
Increasing content of poly A(+) mRNA of serum‐stimulated cells in the absence of ribosome synthesis

When 3T6 cells undergo a serum‐induced transition from resting to growing state, the number of ribosomes and the amounts of mRNA and tRNA increase as the cells prepare for DNA synthesis. We have examined the effect of preventing ribosome synthesis during this transition. When resting cells are stimulated to grow in the presence of 5‐fluorouridine, mRNA accumulates normally during the first eight hours, though new ribosome formation is completely blocked by the drug. At later times, mRNA continues to accumulate, but at a reduced rate. The ratio of poly A(+) mRNA to rRNA increases from the value characteristic of resting 3T6 (1.8%) to that of growing 3T6 (2.7%) by five hours, and continues to increase to abnormally high values after this time.
Designing, validation, and feasibility of integrated yoga therapy module for chronic low back pain

Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant public health problem that has reached epidemic proportions. Yoga therapy has emerged as one of the complementary and alternative therapies for CLBP. Aim: The present study reports the development, validation, and feasibility of an integrated yoga therapy module (IYTM) for CLBP. Settings and Design: This study was carried out at the SVYASA Yoga University, Bengaluru, South India. The IYTM for CLBP was designed, validated, and later tested for feasibility in patients with CLBP. Materials and Methods: In the first phase, IYTM for CLBP was designed based on the literature review of classical texts and recently published research studies. In the second phase, designed IYTM (26 yoga practices) was validated by thirty subject matter (yoga) experts. Content validity ratio (CVR) was analyzed using Lawshe's formula. In the third phase, the validated IYTM (20 yoga practices) was tested on 12 patients for pain, disability and perceived stress at baseline and after 1-month of this intervention. Results: A total of 20 yoga practices with CVR ≥0.33 were included, 6 yoga practices with CVR ≥0.33 were excluded from the designed IYTM. The feasibility study with validated IYTM showed significant reduction in numerical pain rating scale (P = 0.02), Oswestry disability scale (P = 0.02), and Perceived Stress Scale (P = 0.03). Conclusion: The designed IYTM was validated by thirty yoga experts and later evaluated on a small sample. This study has shown that the validated IYTM is feasible, had no adverse effects and was useful in alleviating pain, disability, and perceived stress in patients with CLBP. However, randomized control trials with larger sample are needed to strengthen the study.
Transcription Cooperation by NFAT·C/EBP Composite Enhancer Complex*

The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) group of transcription factors regulates gene expression in immune and non-immune cells. NFAT-mediated gene transcription is orchestrated, in part, by formation of a composite regulatory element. Here we demonstrate that NFAT interacts with transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) to form a composite enhancer complex, to potentiate expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 gene. Formation of a ternary NFAT·C/EBP·DNA complex is required for the transcriptional cooperation. A similar NFAT·C/EBP composite element is found in the regulatory region of the insulin-like growth factor 2, angiotensin-converting enzyme homolog, and transcription factor POU4F3 genes. Thus, the NFAT·C/EBP composite element represents a novel regulatory enhancer to direct NFAT-mediated gene transcription.
VapC toxins drive cellular dormancy under uranium stress for the extreme thermoacidophile Metallosphaera prunae

When abruptly exposed to toxic levels of hexavalent uranium, the extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera prunae, originally isolated from an abandoned uranium mine, ceased to grow, and concomitantly exhibited heightened levels of cytosolic ribonuclease activity that corresponded to substantial degradation of cellular RNA. The M. prunae transcriptome during 'uranium-shock' implicated VapC toxins as possible causative agents of the observed RNA degradation. Identifiable VapC toxins and PIN-domain proteins encoded in the M. prunae genome were produced and characterized, three of which (VapC4, VapC7, VapC8) substantially degraded M. prunae rRNA in vitro. RNA cleavage specificity for these VapCs mapped to motifs within M. prunae rRNA. Furthermore, based on frequency of cleavage sequences, putative target mRNAs for these VapCs were identified; these were closely associated with translation, transcription, and replication. It is interesting to note that Metallosphaera sedula, a member of the same genus and which has a nearly identical genome sequence but not isolated from a uranium-rich biotope, showed no evidence of dormancy when exposed to this metal. M. prunae utilizes VapC toxins for post-transcriptional regulation under uranium stress to enter a cellular dormant state, thereby providing an adaptive response to what would otherwise be a deleterious environmental perturbation.
Low cycle fatigue analysis of microelectronics solder joints incorporating damage and size effects using a thermodynamics based rate dependent constitutive model

Below certain length scales and in the presence of a non-uniform plastic strain field the mechanical behavior of many metals and its alloys is substantially different from that in bulk specimens. In particular, an increase in resistance with decreasing size has been observed in Pb/Sn eutectic solder alloys which are extensively used in microelectronics packaging interconnects. Due to the high homologous temperature, the Pb/Sn solder exhibits creep-fatigue interaction and significant time, temperature, stress and rate dependent material characteristics. The simultaneous consideration of all the above mentioned factors makes constitutive modeling an extremely difficult task. In this paper, a viscoplastic constitutive model unified with a thermodynamics based damage evolution model is embedded into a couple stress framework in order to simulate low cycle fatigue response coupled to size effects. The model is implemented into commercial finite element code ABAQUS. The microbending experiment on thin nickel foils is used to validate the model. Analyses are performed on a thin layer solder joint in bending under cyclic loading conditions.
IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES FOXO1 Deletion Reduces Dendritic Cell Function and Enhances Susceptibility to Periodontitis

The host response plays both protective and destructive roles in periodontitis. FOXO1 is a transcription factor that is activated in dendritic cells (DCs), but its function in vivo has not been examined. We investigated the role of FOXO1 in activating DCs in experimental (CD11c.Cre þ . FOXO1 L/L ) compared with matched control mice (CD11c.Cre (cid:2) . FOXO1 L/L ) in response to oral pathogens. Lineage-speci ﬁ c FOXO1 deletion reduced the recruitment of DCs to oral mucosal epithelium by approximately 40%. FOXO1 was needed for expression of genes that regulatemigration, includingintegrins a (cid:1) and b 3 and matrixmetalloproteinase-2. Ablation of FOXO1 in DCs signi ﬁ cantly decreased IL-12 produced by DCs in mucosal surfaces. Moreover, FOXO1 deletion reduced migration of DCs to lymph nodes, reduced capacity of DCs to induce formation of plasma cells, and reduced production of bacteria-speci ﬁ c antibody. The decrease in DC function in the experimental mice led to increased susceptibility to
Medical Surveillance and Child Maltreatment Incidence Reporting among NICU Graduates

Objective of this study is to identify background infant and maternal characteristics that predict child maltreatment (CM) incidence reporting among Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) graduates by health care providers versus community sentinels with the goal of identifying ways to improve CM risk surveillance. Demographic, medical data including diagnoses and caregiving needs at discharge for infants treated in a NICU during 2005 to 2008 were obtained from the neonatology databases. CM outcome data was obtained from child welfare databases. Latent class analysis procedures were used to identify observable infant and maternal characteristics that define unobserved groups (latent classes) that predict NICU graduates CM incidence reporting among health care providers versus community sentinels. Medical surveillance (reports made by health care providers) accounted for only 37% of the CM reports made to child welfare. Infant health was more predictive of medical surveillance than maternal characteristics suggesting that health providers may assess risk differently than community sentinels. Based on a simple, two latent class model, the latent class with high infant health indicator membership probabilities was a better predictor of health care provider related reports than the class with lower membership probabilities (odds ratio = 2.72; 95% confidence interval [1.76, 4.20]). Health care providers may be keyed more to an infant's medical frailty than to caregiver (maternal) contextual characteristics and thus may miss an opportunity to identify and intervene to prevent CM among children with medical problems. Findings raise the question of whether increased attention to contextual factors can aid or increase early identification of infants at risk of child maltreatment in NICU settings.
Ontology-based open API composition method for automatic mash-up service generation

As the Web technology rapidly advances, Web services are making significant strides in the Web 2.0 era which goes beyond the existing closed web services and enables one to open and share information freely. Web services are usually provided in a form that uses Open Application Programming Interfaces (Open APIs) as the Web service interface. As the number of open APIs increases, mash-up services that combine several Open APIs have begun to proliferate in the Web 2.0 environment. However, the current mash-up service generation method poses the problem in that normal users, who are not Web service developers, have trouble generating mash-up services because Open API analysis and the programming skills are required. This kind of developer-centric service generation method is unable to satisfy normal service user demands for personalized services. As a consequence, we propose an ontology-based Open API composition method that can easily generate the mash-up services requested by users, based on ontology that can support semantic characteristics.
Coherent millimeter‐wave generation by heterodyne conversion in low‐temperature‐grown GaAs photoconductors

An analysis has been carried out of optical heterodyne conversion with an interdigitated‐electrode photomixer made from low‐temperature‐grown (LTG) GaAs and pumped by two continuous‐wave, frequency‐offset pump lasers. The analytic prediction is in excellent agreement with the experimental results obtained recently on a photomixer having 1.0‐μm‐wide electrodes and gaps. The analysis predicts that a superior photomixer having 0.2‐μm‐wide electrodes and gaps would have a temperature‐limited conversion efficiency of 2.0% at a low difference frequency, 1.6% at 94 GHz, and 0.5% at 300 GHz when connected to a broadband 100 Ω load resistance and pumped at hν=2.0 eV by a total optical power of 50 mW. The predicted 3‐dB bandwidth (193 GHz) of this photomixer is limited by both the electron‐hole recombination time (0.6 ps) of the LTG‐GaAs material and the RC time constant (0.5 ps) of the photomixer circuit.
Emerging small molecule and biological therapeutic approaches for the treatment of autoimmunity

Importance of the field: Biological therapeutics targeting TNF-α, IL-6, CD20 and CD80/86 is proving to be an important weapon in the clinicians' armory to fight autoimmunity alongside long-standing small molecule therapeutics such as methotrexate and glucocorticoids. However, there still remains a high unmet clinical need in the field of autoimmunity and many researchers are continuing to discover and develop new therapeutics to address this. Areas covered in this review: A new wave of small molecule and biological therapeutics targeting different pathways is being developed which could generate exciting new options for clinicians. This review aims to highlight those emerging therapies that are most advanced in clinical development. What the reader will gain: The reader will gain an appreciation of new approaches being developed to address the high unmet clinical need in the field of autoimmunity. Take home message: Despite recent success in the development of therapeutics to treat autoimmunity, new therapeutic strategies are being developed to address the remaining areas of a high unmet clinical need.