Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aerobic Denitrification of Nitrate Wastewater and Dynamic Analysis of the Microbial Community in a Bio-Ceramic Reactor

Biological treatment of nitrate wastewater with aerobic denitrifiers in a bio-ceramic reactor was investigated. And denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used to analyze the stability of microbial community structure. With the influent hydraulic loading 0.75m/h, gas/water ratio 5 ~ 10:1, temperature 15 ~ 23degC ,COD loading rate 1.92 ~ 5.98 kgldrm -3 ldr d -1 and NO 3 - -N loading rate 0.60~1.34 kgldrm -3 ldr d -1 , high nitrate nitrogen removal was almost achieved 100% and the maximum total nitrogen removal was reached up to 95.73% during stable operation. In addition, the nitrite concentration of effluent was lower. The PCR-DGGE profiles showed that shift of microbial diversity correspond to the effect of nitrate removal and the preponderant populations for aerobic denitrification were steady during the test.
Development and Application of a Roach Gene Regulation Profile based Gender Discrimination Method

This study extracted, from a roach gonad microarray data set, a gene regulation profile in contrast of male and female roaches. Then a method is developed to use this profile to discriminate the genders of the roaches involved in another roach microarray experiments in which the roaches are too young for their genders to be classifiable. The gender is an ignorable factor in roach gene expression study and the gender information is vital for the success of such a microarray study, because without the gender information the treatment effects could not be estimated correctly. A comparison of the analytical results of target data set based on with and without concerning the gender effects shows that the estimation of treatment effects is improved greatly when obtained gender information is incorporated in the data analysis. This is reversely evident that the roach gender discrimination method developed in this study performs very well.
Hill-climbing for a noisy potential field using information entropy

For a robot navigation system used in an unpredictable environment, it is generally effective to create a pathway that robots can track for carrying out a given task, such as reaching a goal. In the biological world, ants construct a foraging path using a volatile substance called a pheromone, which has been widely studied and whose characteristics have been used in a transportation network model. When a navigation path is constructed by autonomous agents using this pheromone model, the created potential field can be very noisy, with many local peaks due to the unsynchronized updates of the field. In this paper, a new hill-climbing algorithm is proposed. The algorithm minimizes information entropy and can track dynamic and noisy potential fields. The proposed algorithm is evaluated through a computer simulation.
Population Characteristics of Ozark Bass (Ambloplites constellatus) in the Upper White River Basin of Northern Arkansas

Ozark Bass (Ambloplites constellatus) is an understudied, endemic fish species in the Upper White River Basin of northern Arkansas. This study was part of an effort by fisheries managers to gather baseline data about the Ozark Bass to aid in understanding population dynamics and contribute to the limited data available for use in determining the efficacy of harvest regulations. Select population characteristics of Ozark Bass in two northern Arkansas streams were determined, population characteristics of Ozark Bass were compared to Shadow Bass (Ambloplites ariommus) and Rock Bass (Ambloplites rupestris) data collected from previous studies in southern Missouri, and relative condition, length-at-age, and annual survival of Ozark Bass were compared between sample streams. Sampling occurred in Crooked Creek and the Buffalo River during summer 2013 via boat electroshocking. Length and weight data were recorded for all Ozark Bass collected, and fish ages were determined through selective otolith retrieval and age-length keys. Ozark Bass in Crooked Creek had greater relative condition than Ozark Bass in Buffalo River (P 0.05) between sexes for fish collected from only the Buffalo River. Ozark Bass mean annual survival was similar between Crooked Creek (55% ± 5% as 95% confidence interval (CI)) and the Buffalo River (50% ± 7% CI) for fish age 2 to 9. Calculated Ozark Bass lengths-at-age for fish from both streams were comparable to the Von Bertalanffy growth estimates, except the Buffalo River age 7 category where there was only one observation. The relationship between Ozark Bass age and length differed between sampled streams, and variability in growth rates and length-at-age were observed among Ambloplites species. Results of this study contribute to the understanding of the population dynamics of the Ozark Bass that will lead to improved fisheries management.
Phenotypic stability of acerola genotypes evaluated in different times.

The acerola (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) is a shrub especially cultivated in the Northeast of Brazil, whose commercial interest resides in the use of the fruits, which have high vitamin C content. Among the forms of commercialization of the product, stands out the frozen pulp, for the internal and external markets (Bliska and Milk 1995). Some minimum demands for the acerola export for the European and Japanese markets include total soluble solids content equal or superior to 7,0 °Brix and vitamin C content superior to 1000 mg ascorbic acid/100 g pulp
High-Speed, Low-Power, and Highly Reliable Frequency Multiplier for DLL-Based Clock Generator

A high-speed, low-power, and highly reliable frequency multiplier is proposed for a delay-locked loop-based clock generator to generate a multiplied clock with a high frequency and wide frequency range. The proposed edge combiner achieves a high-speed and highly reliable operation using a hierarchical structure and an overlap canceller. In addition, by applying the logical effort to the pulse generator and multiplication-ratio control logic design, the proposed frequency multiplier minimizes the delay difference between positive- and negative-edge generation paths, which causes a deterministic jitter. Finally, a numerical analysis is performed to analyze and compare the performance of the proposed frequency multiplier with that of previous frequency multipliers. The proposed frequency multiplier is fabricated using a 0.13-μm CMOS process technology, and has the multiplication ratios of 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16, and an output range of 100 MHz-3.3 GHz. The frequency multiplier achieves a power consumption to a frequency ratio of 2.9 μW/MHz.
Prevention of Rh isoimmunization. Progress report of the clinical trial in mothers.

Many workers have shown conclusively that passive antibody is capable of specific immunosuppression of the active immunity that follows injection of an antigen. 1-18 It is also clear from experimental results in mice that specific IgG antibody is from 100 to 200 times more immunosuppressive than specific IgM antibody. 18 No attempts had been made to apply this very real immunological phenomenon as a means of immunosuppression for a practical purpose until in 1960 three of the authors (V.J.F., J.G.G., and W.P.) began a program to explore the possibilities of using passive antibody to prevent Rh-negative mothers from becoming immunized by Rh-positive fetuses. 19-29 Our specific hope that the method might work for Rh was supported by the implications of Levine's observations 30 and by actual experimental data of Stern et al, 31 that circulating anti-A and anti-B antibodies actually do prevent Rh-negative mothers from being sensitized to the Rh
Modified use of team‐based learning for effective delivery of medical gross anatomy and embryology

Team‐based learning (TBL) is an instructional strategy that combines independent out‐of‐class preparation for in‐class discussion in small groups. This approach has been successfully adopted by a number of medical educators. This strategy allowed us to eliminate anatomy lectures and incorporate small‐group active learning. Although our strategy is a modified use of classical TBL, in the text, we use the standard terminology of TBL for simplicity. We have modified classical TBL to fit our curricular needs and approach. Anatomy lectures were replaced with TBL activities that required pre‐class reading of assigned materials, an individual self‐assessment quiz, discussion of learning issues derived from the reading assignments, and then the group retaking the same quiz for discussion and deeper learning. Students' performances and their educational experiences in the TBL format were compared with the traditional lecture approach. We offer several in‐house unit exams and a final comprehensive subject exam provided by the National Board of Medical Examiners. The students performed better in all exams following the TBL approach compared to traditional lecture‐based teaching. Students acknowledged that TBL encouraged them to study regularly, allowed them to actively teach and learn from peers, and this served to improve their own exam performances. We found that a TBL approach in teaching anatomy allowed us to create an active learning environment that helped to improve students' performances. Based on our experience, other preclinical courses are now piloting TBL. Anat Sci Ed 1:3–9, 2008. © 2007 American Association of Anatomists.
Leptin mRNA and Protein Immunoreactivity in Adipose Tissue and Liver of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Immunohistochemical Localization in Liver

Leptin is an important modulator of energy balance and metabolism in mammals, but for evolutionary older vertebrates like fish, the first reports on leptin expression were only recently characterized and the functional role scarcely. In this study, we demonstrated leptin immunoreactivity in liver tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by immunohistochemistry using three different polyclonal antibodies against mammalian leptin. Immunoreactivity was observed in hepatocytes and also in parts of the biliary system. Using Western blot, we detected an immunoreactive band of about 16 kDa in serum and visceral adipose tissue (AT) of rainbow trout. The presence of leptin in fish AT has been doubted in other studies. Besides the immunoreactivity, leptin mRNA was detected in trout AT albeit not in all animals sampled. Our observations add further evidence to the concept of AT being a source of leptin in trouts. Moreover, the cellular localization of leptin immunoreactivity in liver opens up new vistas for understanding the functional role of leptin in teleosts.
Measuring Fluorescence Quantum Yield Using a Tube Inside an Integrating Sphere

A method for measuring the fluorescence quantum yield Φf of samples using a soft transparent tube with 0.58 mm inner diameter inside an integrating sphere is presented. Based on simple energy balance within the sphere, an equation for determining Φf in terms of the optical output signal is derived. In order to determine the feasibility of measuring Φf using the present integrating sphere-spectrometer setup, the Φf of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) solutions is determined. The measured Φf of R6G in water and in ethanol are 0.647±0.005 and 0.881±0.025, respectively. These values are close to those found in literature, with the measured Φf of R6G in ethanol within the range of values reported for a similar integrating sphere method. Recommendations are given for measuring the fluorescence quantum yield of low efficiency fluorophores of biomedical interest. Copyright © 2016 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
A kinect-based human micro-doppler simulator

Until recently, human surveillance has primarily been accomplished using video cameras. However, radar offers unique advantages over optical sensors, such as being able to operate at far distances, under adverse weather conditions, and at nighttime, when optical devices are unable to acquire meaningful data. Radar is capable of recognizing human activities by classifying the micro-Doppler signature of a subject. Micro-Doppler is caused by any rotating or vibrating parts of a target, and results in frequency modulations centered about the main Doppler shift caused by the translational motion of the target [1]. Thus, the rotation of a helicopter blade, wheels of a vehicle, or treads of a tank all result in micro-Doppler. In the case of humans, the complex motion of the limbs that occur in the course of any activity all result in a micro-Doppler signature visually distinguishable from other targets, even animals [2]-[3], which can then be exploited for human detection [4]-[5], automatic target recognition (ATR) [6]-[7], and activity classification [8].
Experimental investigation of plasma cloud scattering initiated by an accelerated electron beam

The parameters for the charged particle flow of a plasma cloud (PC) explosion initiated by an electron beam have been measured. Two types of PCs were investigated: 1) PC with a free boundary and 2) PC restricted by electrodes. It was established that the basic particle flow parameters for such a plasma explosion coincide in common with the parameters of accelerated particle flow of different types of vacuum discharges. Energy spectra have several maxima. There is a dependence of ion energy on the ion charge state. PC is scattered in a wide spatial angle. The geometry of the propagation volume affects the energy spectrum of ions.
Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised Manual

The diagnostic validity of the new research algorithms of the Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised and the revised algorithms of the Autism Diagnostic. Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) ADI– R: Complete Kit Includes Manual, 10 Interview Booklets, and 10 Comprehensive Algorithm Forms, $343.00. Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) Clinical Training. August 21, 2014 VVCA *You must bring an ADI-R training manual. * **Seating is Limited.
SWIPT in Multiuser MIMO Decode-and-Forward Relay Broadcasting Channel with Energy Harvesting Relays

In this paper, we consider a multiuser multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO) decode-and-forward (DF) relay broadcasting channel (BC) with single source, multiple energy harvesting relays and multiple destinations. Since the end-to-end sum rate maximization problem is intractable, we tackle a simplified problem where we maximize the sum of the harvested energy at the relays, we employ the block diagonalization (BD) procedure at the source, and we mitigate the interference between the relay- destination channels. The interference mitigation at the destinations is managed in two ways: either to fix the interference covariance matrices at the destination and update them at each iteration until convergence, or to cancel the interference using an algorithm similar to the BD method. We provide numerical results to show the relevance of our proposed solution.
Prevention of a first stroke by transfusions in children with sickle cell anemia and abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND Blood transfusions prevent recurrent stroke in children with sickle cell anemia, but the value of transfusions in preventing a first stroke is unknown. We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to identify children with sickle cell anemia who were at high risk for stroke and then randomly assigned them to receive standard care or transfusions to prevent a first stroke. METHODS To enter the study, children with sickle cell anemia and no history of stroke had to have undergone two transcranial Doppler studies that showed that the time-averaged mean blood-flow velocity in the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery was 200 cm per second or higher. The patients were randomly assigned to receive standard care or transfusions to reduce the hemoglobin S concentration to less than 30 percent of the total hemoglobin concentration. The incidence of stroke (cerebral infarction or intracranial hemorrhage) was compared between the two groups. RESULTS A total of 130 children (mean [+/-SD] age, 8.3+/-3.3 years) were enrolled; 63 were randomly assigned to receive transfusions and 67 to receive standard care. At base line, the transfusion group had a slightly lower mean hemoglobin concentration (7.2 vs. 7.6 g per deciliter, P=0.001) and hematocrit (20.4 vs. 21.7 percent, P=0.002). Ten patients dropped out of the transfusion group, and two patients crossed over from the standard-care group to the transfusion group. There were 10 cerebral infarctions and 1 intracerebral hematoma in the standard-care group, as compared with 1 infarction in the transfusion group -- a 92 percent difference in the risk of stroke (P<0.001). This result led to the early termination of the trial. CONCLUSIONS Transfusion greatly reduces the risk of a first stroke in children with sickle cell anemia who have abnormal results on transcranial Doppler ultrasonography.
A Fully Automatic Instantaneous Fire Hotspot Detection Processor Based on AVHRR Imagery - A TIMELINE Thematic Processor

The German Aerospace Center’s (DLR) TIMELINE project aims to develop an operational processing and data management environment to process 30 years of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)—Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) raw data into L1b, L2 and L3 products. This article presents the current status of the fully automated L2 active fire hotspot detection processor, which is based on single-temporal datasets in orbit geometry. Three different probability levels of fire detection are provided. The results of the hotspot processor were tested with simulated fire data. Moreover, the processing results of real AVHRR imagery were validated with five different datasets: MODIS hotspots, visually confirmed MODIS hotspots, fire-news data from the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), burnt area mapping of the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (EMS) and data of the Piedmont fire database.
An Efficient Steady-State Analysis Method for Large Boolean Networks with High Maximum Node Connectivity

Boolean networks have been widely used to model biological processes lacking detailed kinetic information. Despite their simplicity, Boolean network dynamics can still capture some important features of biological systems such as stable cell phenotypes represented by steady states. For small models, steady states can be determined through exhaustive enumeration of all state transitions. As the number of nodes increases, however, the state space grows exponentially thus making it difficult to find steady states. Over the last several decades, many studies have addressed how to handle such a state space explosion. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to a satisfiability solving algorithm due to its potential scalability to handle large networks. Meanwhile, there still lies a problem in the case of large models with high maximum node connectivity where the satisfiability solving algorithm is known to be computationally intractable. To address the problem, this paper presents a new partitioning-based method that breaks down a given network into smaller subnetworks. Steady states of each subnetworks are identified by independently applying the satisfiability solving algorithm. Then, they are combined to construct the steady states of the overall network. To efficiently apply the satisfiability solving algorithm to each subnetwork, it is crucial to find the best partition of the network. In this paper, we propose a method that divides each subnetwork to be smallest in size and lowest in maximum node connectivity. This minimizes the total cost of finding all steady states in entire subnetworks. The proposed algorithm is compared with others for steady states identification through a number of simulations on both published small models and randomly generated large models with differing maximum node connectivities. The simulation results show that our method can scale up to several hundreds of nodes even for Boolean networks with high maximum node connectivity. The algorithm is implemented and available at http://cps.kaist. ac.kr/∼ckhong/tools/download/PAD.tar. gz.
READER: Robust Semi-Supervised Multi-Label Dimension Reduction

Multi-label classification is an appealing and challenging supervised learning problem, where multiple labels, rather than a single label, are associated with an unseen test instance. To remove possible noises in labels and features of high-dimensionality, multi-label dimension reduction has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. The existing methods usually suffer from several problems, such as ignoring label outliers and label correlations. In addition, most of them emphasize on conducting dimension reduction in an unsupervised or supervised way, therefore, unable to utilize the label information or a large amount of unlabeled data to improve the performance. In order to cope with these problems, we propose a novel method termed Robust sEmi-supervised multi-lAbel DimEnsion Reduction, shortly READER. From the viewpoint of empirical risk minimization, READER selects most discriminative features for all the labels in a semi-supervised way. Specifically, the 2,1-norm induced loss function and regularization term make READER robust to the outliers in the data points. READER finds a feature subspace so as to keep originally neighbor instances close and embeds labels into a low-dimensional latent space nonlinearly. To optimize the objective function, an efficient algorithm is developed with convergence property. Extensive empirical studies on real-world datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method. key words: multi-label classification, semi-supervised dimension reduction, risk minimization, feature selection, manifold learning
High Prevalence of Natural Chlamydophila Species Infection in Calves

ABSTRACT We investigated the acquisition and prevalence of Chlamydophila sp. infection in calves. Specimens were collected at weekly intervals from birth to week 12 postpartum from 40 female Holstein calf-dam pairs in a dairy herd. Real-time PCR detected, quantified, and differentiated Chlamydophila 23S rRNA gene DNA from vaginal cytobrush swabs and milk samples. Chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with lysed Chlamydophila abortus or Chlamydophila pecorum elementary body antigens quantified antibodies against Chlamydophila spp. in sera. Chlamydophila sp. DNA was found in 61% of calves and 20% of dams in at least one positive quantitative PCR. In calves, clinically inapparent C. pecorum infection with low organism loads was fivefold more prevalent than C. abortus infection and was most frequently detected by vaginal swabs compared to rectal or nasal swabs. In dams, C. abortus dominated in milk and C. pecorum dominated in the vagina. The group size of calves correlated positively (P < 0.01) with Chlamydophila infection in quadratic, but not linear, regression. Thus, a doubling of the group size was associated with a fourfold increase in frequency and intensity of Chlamydophila infection. For groups of 14 or 28 calves, respectively, logistic regression predicted a 9 or 52% probability of infection of an individual calf and a 52 or 99.99% probability of infection of the group. Anti-Chlamydophila immunoglobulin M antibodies in Chlamydophila PCR-positive calves and dams and in dams that gave birth to calves that later became positive were significantly higher than in PCR-negative animals (P ≤ 0.02). Collectively, crowding strongly enhances the frequency and intensity of highly prevalent Chlamydophila infections in cattle.