Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality Attributes for Software Metamodels

As Model-Based Engineering (MBE) starts to be effectively used, some of its constituent disciplines such as Domain Specific Modeling and Metamodeling are becoming quite popular. Metamodels play a cornerstone role in these approaches, not only for defining Domain Specific Languages but also for specifying all kinds of artifacts involved in MBE. However, there is a lack of appropriate quality models that allow an effective assessment of Metamodels. Besides, the international standards that address the software products’ quality issues (in particular, those from ISO and IEEE) have shown to be too general for dealing with the specific characteristics of Metamodels because of their dual nature of being models on the one hand, and representing modeling languages on the other. In this paper we propose a quality model for Metamodels, that defines a set of quality attributes for evaluating Metamodels.
A Method for Distinguishing between Transiently Accreting Neutron Stars and Black Holes, in Quiescence

Neutron stars and black holes often reside in binaries where the accretion rate onto the compact object varies by orders of magnitude. These "X-ray transients" are observed both in outburst (when the high accretion rate makes them X-ray bright) and quiescence (when the accretion rate is very low, or potentially zero). In a previous paper, we showed that the quiescent X-ray emission from three neutron star transients (Aql X-1, Cen X-4, and 4U 1608-522) were well represented by thermal emission from the neutron star's hydrogen atmosphere and that the emitting area was consistent with the whole surface. Previous blackbody spectral fits (which are not accurate representations of the thermal spectrum) severely underestimated the true emitting area. In this paper, we fit hydrogen atmosphere models to the X-ray data for four neutron stars (the three from the previous paper, plus 4U 2129+47) and six black hole candidates (A0620-00, GS 2000+25, GS 1124-68, GS 2023+33, GRO J1655-40, and GRO J0422+32) with masses ≳3 M☉. While the neutron stars are similar in their intrinsic X-ray spectra (that is, similar effective temperatures and emission area radii ~10 km), the spectra of two black hole candidates are significantly different, and the spectra of the remaining four are consistent with a very large parameter space that includes the neutron stars. The spectral differences between the neutron stars and black hole candidates favors the interpretation that the quiescent neutron star emission is predominantly thermal emission from the neutron star surface. Higher quality data from Chandra, XMM, and ASTRO-E will yield a much better contrast. There are many transients which do not have clear neutron star characteristics (such as type I X-ray bursts or coherent pulsations) and where the mass of the compact object is not constrained. In these cases, it is ambiguous as to whether the compact object is a neutron star or black hole. Our work suggests that an X-ray spectral comparison in quiescence provides an additional means for distinguishing between neutron stars and black holes. The faint X-ray sources in globular clusters—thought to be either cataclysmic variables or quiescent neutron stars—are a class of objects which can be investigated in this manner.
Vectorized VByte Decoding

We consider the ubiquitous technique of VByte compression, which represents each integer as a variable length sequence of bytes. The low 7 bits of each byte encode a portion of the integer, and the high bit of each byte is reserved as a continuation flag. This flag is set to 1 for all bytes except the last, and the decoding of each integer is complete when a byte with a high bit of 0 is encountered. VByte decoding can be a performance bottleneck especially when the unpredictable lengths of the encoded integers cause frequent branch mispredictions. Previous attempts to accelerate VByte decoding using SIMD vector instructions have been disappointing, prodding search engines such as Google to use more complicated but faster-to-decode formats for performance-critical code. Our decoder (Masked VByte) is 2 to 4 times faster than a conventional scalar VByte decoder, making the format once again competitive with regard to speed.
Dynamical Cluster Analysis of Cortical fMRI Activation

Localized changes in cortical blood oxygenation during voluntary movements were examined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and evaluated with a new dynamical cluster analysis (DCA) method. fMRI was performed during finger movements with eight subjects on a 1.5-T scanner using single-slice echo planar imaging with a 107-ms repetition time. Clustering based on similarity of the detailed signal time courses requires besides the used distance measure no assumptions about spatial location and extension of activation sites or the shape of the expected activation time course. We discuss the basic requirements on a clustering algorithm for fMRI data. It is shown that with respect to easy adjustment of the quantization error and reproducibility of the results DCA outperforms the standard k-means algorithm. In contrast to currently used clustering methods for fMRI, like k-means or fuzzy k-means, DCA extracts the appropriate number and initial shapes of representative signal time courses from data properties during run time. With DCA we simultaneously calculate a two-dimensional projection of cluster centers (MDS) and data points for online visualization of the results. We describe the new DCA method and show for the well-studied motor task that it detects cortical activation loci and provides additional information by discriminating different shapes and phases of hemodynamic responses. Robustness of activity detection is demonstrated with respect to repeated DCA runs and effects of different data preprocessing are shown. As an example of how DCA enables further analysis we examined activation onset times. In areas SMA, M1, and S1 simultaneous and sequential activation (in the given order) was found.
CISCO: cooled infrared spectrograph and camera for OHS

CISCO is an IR camera and spectrograph based on a single 1024 X 1024 HgCdTe array detector, which has been developed as a back-end spectrograph of OHS. It is also designed to be mounted on the Cassegrain or Nasmyth focus directly as an independent instrument. In addition to the normal imaging and spectroscopy modes, CISCO has a slitless prism spectroscopy mode at resolving power of approximately 30. This mode is primarily aimed at detecting the H(alpha) emission line of forming galaxy at z equals 2.05-2.65. The development of CISCO is in near completion, showing results of test observations carried out using a 1.5m telescope.
Forensic Inpatients with Low IQ and Psychiatric Comorbidities: Specificity and Heterogeneity of Psychiatric and Social Profiles

Abstract While the prevalence of mental disorders in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is well documented, there is less specific literature in the forensic domain. This study sought to clarify the psychiatric and criminological characteristics among Belgian French-speaker forensic inpatients with low IQ and mental health illnesses. To this end, we compared a low IQ group with mental health illnesses (n = 69), low IQ group (n = 56), and control group (n = 165). Compared with controls, proportionally more inpatients low IQ with Mental Health Illnesses presented a psychiatric illness, particularly a mood disorder, and proportionally fewer presented a cluster C personality disorder. The findings highlight the specificity and heterogeneity of the psychiatric profile of this subgroup of patients. He also demonstrated that forensic patients with ID are not a homogeneous group. This emphasizes the importance of considering in the management of forensic ID patients the specific needs with regard to their psychopathological profile.
Uses and Gratifications Theory in the 21st Century

Some mass communications scholars have contended that uses and gratifications is not a rigorous social science theory. In this article, I argue just the opposite, and any attempt to speculate on the future direction of mass communication theory must seriously include the uses and gratifications approach. In this article, I assert that the emergence of computer-mediated communication has revived the significance of use and gratifications. In fact, uses and gratifications has always provided a cutting-edge theoretical approach in the initial stages of each new mass communications medium: newspapers, radio and television, and now the Internet. Although scientists are likely to continue using traditional tools and typologies to answer questions about media use, we must also be prepared to expand our current theoretical models of uses and gratifications. Contemporary and future models must include concepts such as interactivity, demassification, hypertextuality, and asynchroneity. Researchers must also be willing to explore interpersonal and qualitative aspects of mediated communication in a more holistic methodology.
Multiple sequence alignment based on structural properties

A multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is a sequence alignment of three or more biological sequences. Main idea behind multiple sequence alignment is to see the similarities between input sequences, to be able to make phylogenetic analysis and other evolutionary conclusions. We propose a multiple sequence alignment method based on contact maps derived from structural data and network properties. We show that such methods may be useful in creating multiple alignments that can identify domains and similar structures where sequence identity is low.
Study the Effect of Trade Policies on Export and Import in Iran

In this study we want to analyze effects of change in exchange rates on the export, import, product prices and others macroeconomic variables. The method which has been used in this study is based on co integration method and vector autoregressive method. In this study first the long-term relationships between variables are determined and then the short-term relationship between variables will be determined according to Impulse response functions.The results show that changes in exchange rates affect on macro economic variables, while there were no effects from exchange rate on macro economical variables.
New onset diabetes after kidney transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: systematic review protocol

Introduction Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disorder with numerous cysts developing in bilateral kidneys. Meanwhile, ADPKD can also be regarded as a systemic disease because the cystic and non-cystic abnormalities could be identified in multiple organs in patients with ADPKD. Several lines of evidence suggest the risk of post-transplant diabetes mellitus or new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is higher in patients with ADPKD compared with non-ADPKD renal recipients, but the available results are conflicting. We describe the protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis for investigating the risk of NODAT in patients with ADPKD. Methods and analysis PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library will be searched. Cohort studies irrespective of language and publication status, comparing the incidence of NODAT in renal recipients with ADPKD and other kidney disease will be eligible. We will assess heterogeneity among studies. Along with 95% CIs, dichotomous data will be summarised as risk ratios; numbers needed to treat/harm and continuous data will be given as standard mean differences. Excluding outliers and testing small sample size studies if our results are robust, sensitivity analysis will be carried out. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required because this study includes no confidential personal data or patient interventions. The review findings will be helpful in designing and implementing future studies and will be of interest to a wide range of readers, including healthcare professionals, researchers, health service managers and policymakers. The systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated electronically and in print. Trial registration number The study protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) under registration number CRD42014009677.
A Compact Dual Band-Notched Ultrawideband Antenna with Λ/4 Stub and Open Slots

A novel compact UWB antenna with 3.5/5.5GHz dual notch-band characteristics is presented. The proposed antenna has a simple structure and compact size of 30 £ 35mm 2 . Firstly, a compact modifled rotated monopole antenna that covers UWB band is achieved. Then by inserting a ‚/4 stub and etching two symmetrical ‚/4 L-shape slots on the UWB antenna achieved before, a dual band-notched ultra-wideband antenna is obtained. The prototypes of UWB antenna with and without notched bands were fabricated and measured. Good performance of dual notched bands, stable gain and omnidirectional radiation patterns make the proposed antenna promising for UWB application.
Ranking Sentiment Explanations for Review Summarization Using Dual Decomposition

For online reviews, sentiment explanations refer to the sentences that may suggest detailed reasons of sentiment, which are very important for applications in review mining like opinion summarization. In this paper, we address the problem of ranking sentiment explanations by formulating the process as two subproblems: sentence informativeness ranking and structural sentiment analysis. Tractable inference in joint prediction is performed through dual decomposition. Preliminary experiments on publicly available data demonstrate that our approach obtains promising performance.
Autonomous generation of symbolic representations through subsymbolic activities

This paper explores an approach for autonomous generation of symbolic representations from an agent's subsymbolic activities within the agent-environment interaction. The paper describes a psychologically plausible general framework and its various methods for autonomously creating symbolic representations. The symbol generation is accomplished within, and is intrinsic to, a generic and comprehensive cognitive architecture for capturing a wide variety of psychological processes (namely, CLARION). This work points to ways of obtaining more psychologically/cognitively realistic symbolic and subsymbolic representations within the framework of a cognitive architecture, and accentuates the relevance of such an approach to cognitive science and psychology.
KESAN PERSEPSI KEBERGUNAAN, KESENANGAN MENGGUNA DAN KESERONOKAN MENGGUNA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN E-MEL

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived usefulness, ease of use, fun of use, gender and age in explaining the use of e-mail among university students. Data were collected using self administered questionnaires from 150 students at a local public university. This study uses "Technology Acceptance Model" (TAM) developed by Davis (1989) as the basis of the model. The findings show that gender and age did not affect the rate of use of e-mail. Perceived usefulness and fun of use have a positive impact on the e-mail usagel, as well the perceived ease of use. From these findings, it was concluded that the use of technology, users want a system that is useful, fun and easy to use. The implications of the findings are also discussed. ABSTRAK Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara persepsi kebergunaan, kesenangan mengguna, keseronokan mengguna, jantina dan umur dalam menjelaskan kadar penggunaan e-mel di kalangan pelajar university. Data telah dikumpul dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik isi sendiri daripada 150 pelajar di sebuah univarsiti awam tempatan. Kajian ini menggunakan “Technology Acceptance Model” (TAM) yang dibangunkan oleh Davis (1989) sebagai asas pembentukan model. Hasil penemuan menunjukkan bahawa jantina dan umur tidak mempengaruhi kadar penggunaan e-mel. Persepsi kebergunaan dan keseronokan mengguna mempunyai kesan positif terhadap kadar peggunaan e-mel, begitu juga dengan persepsi kesenangan mengguna. Daripada penemuan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa dalam penggunaan teknologi, pengguna inginkan sebuah sistem yang berguna, menyeronokkan dan juga senang untuk digunakan. Implikasi penemuan kajian juga turut dibincangkan.
Alternative Objective Functions for Training MT Evaluation Metrics

MT evaluation metrics are tested for correlation with human judgments either at the sentence- or the corpus-level. Trained metrics ignore corpus-level judgments and are trained for high sentence-level correlation only. We show that training only for one objective (sentence or corpus level), can not only harm the performance on the other objective, but it can also be suboptimal for the objective being optimized. To this end we present a metric trained for corpus-level and show empirical comparison against a metric trained for sentence-level exemplifying how their performance may vary per language pair, type and level of judgment. Subsequently we propose a model trained to optimize both objectives simultaneously and show that it is far more stable than–and on average outperforms–both models on both objectives.
SUBF vs. MUBF in a Gaussian MIMO Broadcast Channel with Partial Channel State Information

In a Gaussian MIMO broadcast channel, serving more than one user at a time is generally more beneficial in terms of average sum-rate. Under partial channel state information (CSI) feedback constraints, however, serving only one user at a time can be a better multiple access method when the number of active users in the system is smaller than a certain threshold. This paper uses single user beam-forming (SUBF) to refer to the transmitting scheme that serves only one user at a time and multi-user beam-forming (MUBF) to refer to the scheme without such a constraint, i.e., a scheme that is allowed to serve more than one user at a time. It turns out that the aforementioned user threshold varies with other system parameters, especially, it increases as the number of transmit antennas increases. Monte Carlo simulations and a statistical analysis are provided to verify the results
Effects of d- and l-limonene on the pregnant rat myometrium in vitro

Aim To study the effects of d- and l-limonene on pregnant rat myometrial contractility in vitro, and investigate how these effects are modified by other agents. D- and l-limonene (10−13-10−8 M) caused myometrial contraction in a dose-dependent manner. Methods Contractions of uterine rings from 22-day-pregnant rats were measured in an organ bath in the presence of d- or l-limonene (10−13-10−8 M) and nifedipine (10−8 M), tetraethyl-ammonium (10−3 M), theophylline (10−5 M), or paxilline (10−5 M). Uterine cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Oxidative damage was induced by methylglyoxal (3 × 10−2 M) and the alteration was measured via noradrenaline (1 × 10−9 to 3 × 10−5 M) -induced contractions. Results Pre-treatment with nifedipine (10−8 M), tetraethylammonium (10−3 M), and theophylline (10−5 M) attenuated the contracting effect of d- and l-limonene, while in the presence of paxilline (10−5 M) d- and l-limonene were ineffective. The two enantiomers decreased the myometrial cAMP level, but after paxilline pretreatment the cAMP level was not altered compared with the control value. Additionally, l-limonene (10−6 M) diminished consequences of oxidative damage caused by methylglyoxal (3 × 10−2 M) on contractility, whereas d-limonene was ineffective. Conclusion Our findings suggest that l-limonene has an antioxidant effect and that both d-and l-limonene cause myometrial contraction through activation of the A2A receptor and opening of the voltage-gated Ca2+ channel. It is possible that limonene-containing products increase the pregnant uterus contractility and their use should be avoided during pregnancy.
The Marketing of Closed-end Fund IPOs: Evidence from Transactions Data☆

We examine aftermarket transactions for closed-end fund IPOs and document large sell-to-buy imbalances ("flipping"), extensive price stabilization, and sharp subsequent price drops. The timing of the price drop is related to both the amount of initial flipping, and use of the over-allotment options. The extent of the flipping activity is related to the composition of the syndicate. Moreover, aftermarket buys (sells) are mainly small (large) trades. These findings suggest that lead underwriters price stabilize and manage the supply of shares in the aftermarket, and that closed-end fund IPOs are marketed to a poorly informed public.
Therapeutic Strategies in Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. It is clinically classified into five groups: patients in the first group are considered to have pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) whereas patients of the other groups have PH that is due to cardiopulmonary or other systemic diseases. The management of patients with PH has advanced rapidly over the last decade and the introduction of specific treatments especially for PAH has lead to an improved outcome. However, despite the progress in the treatment, the functional limitation and the survival of these patients remain unsatisfactory and there is no cure for PAH. Therefore the search for an “ideal” therapy still goes on. At present, two levels of treatment can be identified: primary and specific therapy. Primary therapy is directed at the underlying cause of the PH. It also includes a supportive therapy consisting in oxygen supplementation, diuretics, and anticoagulation which should be considered in all patients with PH. Specific therapy is directed at the PH itself and includes treatment with vasodilatators such as calcium channel blockers and with vasodilatator and pathogenetic drugs such as prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors. These drugs act in several pathogenetic mechanisms of the PH and are specific for PAH although they might be used also in the other groups of PH. Finally, atrial septostomy and lung transplantation are reserved for patients refractory to medical therapy. Different therapeutic approaches can be considered in the management of patients with PH. Therapy can be established on the basis of both the clinical classification and the functional class. It is also possible to adopt a goal-oriented therapy in which the timing of treatment escalation is determined by inadequate response to known prognostic indicators.