Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statin use and outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage: Case-control study and meta-analysis

STATIN USE AND OUTCOME AFTER INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE: CASECONTROL STUDY AND META-ANALYSIS To the Editor: In light of emerging evidence regarding statin treatment and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the large registry of ICH events reported by Biffi et al.1 is an important data source. Individual patient data meta-analysis demonstrates that statins reduce ischemic stroke by 21% per mmol/L low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol reduction. It is also probable that treatment is also associated with an approximate 21% (p 0.01) increased risk of ICH.2 Because the risk of ischemic stroke is higher than risk of ICH in most populations, the net benefit of statins on any stroke is still unclear. However, in populations at much higher risk of ICH—such as those with previous ICH3—the net benefit of statin treatment lowers. Because ICH is more likely to be disabling or fatal, there is potential harm.4 It is surprising that a beneficial role for statins in patients with ICH is suggested while there is increasing concern about their use. Considering this and other evidence, do the authors continue—or even initiate—statins in their patients with ICH? 1,4 Biffi et al.1 demonstrated that the pattern of ICH is not different in those patients taking statin therapy and the prognosis does not appear to be worse. However, statin therapy does not reduce stroke mortality in randomized studies in over 170,000 people.2 The conclusion from the multivariable analysis (an adjusted odds ratio of 0.53 [p 0.005] for 90-day mortality associated with antecedent statin use) is an overestimate of any positive effect, and suggests that there are considerable unmeasured determinants of ICH mortality. Moreover, for there to be such an impressive effect on mortality, a larger, and more significant, positive effect on functional outcome would have been expected than was observed (unadjusted odds ratio of 1.45 [p 0.03]). Incompletely measured confounders associated with increased statin use might include improved access to health care, social support, healthier lifestyle choices, and better premorbid blood pressure control. It would be informative if Biffi et al. collected more information on socioeconomic status and premorbid blood pressure in their registry. While this study describes the pattern of ICH in relation to statins, it also illustrates the weaknesses of observational data for assessing treatment effect when important determinants of prognosis are unmeasured or unmeasurable.
Validation of the PNS-Q-SELF and the PNS-Q- INFORMANT for the Assessment of Insight in Schizophrenia

The use of self-report measures in the assessment of schizophrenic patients has yielded mixed results because many patients lack insight. The Positive and Negative Symptoms Questionnaire (PNS-Q-Self) is a self-report measure for the assessment of insight in schizophrenia symptoms. The present study extended this measure by assessing an informant version of this scale, the PNS-Q-Informant. This was achieved by administering the PNS-Q-Self and the PNS-Q-Informant together with the McEvoy Vignettes (McEvoy, 1989). The results show that both the PNS-Q-Self and the PNS-QInformant exhibit high internal consistency for both positive and negative subscales. The correlations between the two scales were mixed, with a significant correlation between the positive scales, but not the negative scales. However, both questionnaires correlated highly with the McEvoy Vignettes. The results from the t-test show only two deficit areas in schizophrenic patients, one in positive symptoms and one in negative symptoms, which may be due to the stabilized population used for data collection. The results of this study suggest that the use of both PNS-Q scales is an economic manner for objectively assessing insight into symptoms of schizophrenic patients.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel 5-[(3-Aralkyl Amido/Imidoalkyl) Phenyl]-1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-Thiadiazines as Antiviral Agents

A series of novel 4-amino-5-mercapto-3-[(3-aralkyl amido/imidoalkyl) phenyl]-1,2,4-triazoles (5a-d) were obtained by treating m-(aralkyl amido/imidoalkyl) benzoic acid hydrazides (3a-d) with carbon disulphide in alcoholic KOH and hydrazine hydrate, respectively. These triazole derivatives were employed in the synthesis of 5-[(3′-aralkyl amido/imidoalkyl) phenyl]-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazines (6a-d). The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antiviral activity against two animal viruses, namely, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain P20778 and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) strain 753166.
Psychological Aspects in Children and Adolescents With Major Thalassemia: A Case-Control Study

Background: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disease. It is a serious public health problem throughout the Mediterranean region, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent, as well as in Southeast Asia. Objectives: Thalassemia is an inherited blood disease. It is a serious public health problem. In this study we assessed psychological aspects in Iranian children and adolescents with thalassemia major. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study sixty healthy subjects aged 7-18 years and Sixty Patients with confirmed diagnosis of major thalassemia were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent from parents of all participating thalassemia patients and healthycontrols, we assessed psychological aspects and quality of life by Pediatric Quality of LifeTM (PedsQL™), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ), State and Trait Anxiety, Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Results: The results of this study indicate that there are significant changes in depression, anxiety, QOL and behavioral screening between children with thalassemia major compared with healthy subjects by means of both parents and children reports. According to the results, children with thalassemia major have more psychological problems than healthy ones. Patients with thalassemia have a lower QOL than their peers (P = 0.001), the rate of depression is higher in this group (P = 0.015), Also behavioral problems in these children are more than healthy subjects (P = 0.009). Conclusions: We recommend appropriate treatment and counseling procedures in addition to specific treatment of thalassemia. According to the results we suggest to establish pediatric psychiatric clinics beside thalassemic clinics to cure psychological aspects of the disease.
Validation of static properties in unified modeling language models for cyber physical systems

Cyber physical systems (CPSs) can be found nowadays in various fields of activity. The increased interest for these systems as evidenced by the large number of applications led to complex research regarding the most suitable methods for design and development. A promising solution for specification, visualization, and documentation of CPSs uses the Object Management Group (OMG) unified modeling language (UML). UML models allow an intuitive approach for embedded systems design, helping end-users to specify the requirements. However, the UML models are represented in an informal language. Therefore, it is difficult to verify the correctness and completeness of a system design. The object constraint language (OCL) was defined to add constraints to UML, but it is deficient in strict notations of mathematics and logic that permits rigorous analysis and reasoning about the specifications. In this paper, we investigated how CPS applications modeled using UML deployment diagrams could be formally expressed and verified. We used Z language constructs and prototype verification system (PVS) as formal verification tools. Considering some relevant case studies presented in the literature, we investigated the opportunity of using this approach for validation of static properties in CPS UML models.
Graph Theoretic Properties of the Darkweb

We collect and analyze the darkweb (a.k.a. the "onionweb") hyperlink graph. We find properties highly dissimilar to the well-studied world wide web hyperlink graph; for example, our analysis finds that >87% of darkweb sites never link to another site. We compare our results to prior work on world-wide-web and speculate about reasons for their differences. We conclude that in the term "darkweb", the word "web" is a connectivity misnomer. Instead, it is more accurate to view the darkweb as a set of largely isolated dark silos.
If you Fight with Me, I'll Get Mad! A Social Model of Entrepreneurial Affect

Although studies have highlighted economic and psychological antecedents of negative affect, social antecedents have been neglected. Building on attribution theory, we distinguish between relationship and task conflict to investigate the generation of negative affect during entrepreneurial team tasks including the team members’ context in terms of uncertainty and satisfaction with the team. Two studies, in the field and in the laboratory, highlight the importance of social contexts: while uncertainty attenuates negative affective reactions to conflict, satisfaction with the team magnifies them. We discuss our contributions for research on affect, conflict, uncertainty, and satisfaction with the team in entrepreneurial contexts.
A Minimal Harmonic Controller for a STATCOM

In this paper, a novel controller with fixed modulation index (MI) and variable dc capacitor voltage reference to minimize voltage and current harmonics is presented for a distribution static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). The STATCOM with the proposed controller consists of a three-phase voltage-sourced inverter and a dc capacitor and is used to provide reactive power compensation and regulate ac system bus voltage with minimum harmonics. A systematic design procedure based on pole-zero cancellation, root locus method, and pole assignment method has been developed to determine proper parameters for the current regulator, the dc voltage controller, and the ac voltage controller of the STATCOM. With the proposed STATCOM controller, harmonic distortions in the inverter output current and voltage can be reduced since the MI is held constant at unity in steady state. In addition, a fast adjustment in the STATCOM output reactive power is achieved to regulate the ac bus voltage through the adjustment of the dc voltage reference during the transient period. Simulation and experimental results for the steady-state operating condition and transient operating conditions for the system subjected to a reactive current reference step change, a three-phase line to neutral fault, and a step load change are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
One Tile to Rule Them All: Simulating Any Turing Machine, Tile Assembly System, or Tiling System with a Single Puzzle Piece

In this paper we explore the power of tile self-assembly models that extend the well-studied abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) by permitting tiles of shapes beyond unit squares. Our main result shows the surprising fact that any aTAM system, consisting of many different tile types, can be simulated by a single tile type of a general shape. As a consequence, we obtain a single universal tile type of a single (constant-size) shape that serves as a "universal tile machine": the single universal tile type can simulate any desired aTAM system when given a single seed assembly that encodes the desired aTAM system. We also show how to adapt this result to convert any of a variety of plane tiling systems (such as Wang tiles) into a "nearly" plane tiling system with a single tile (but with small gaps between the tiles). All of these results rely on the ability to both rotate and translate tiles; by contrast, we show that a single nonrotatable tile, of arbitrary shape, can produce assemblies which either grow infinitely or cannot grow at all, implying drastically limited computational power. On the positive side, we show how to simulate arbitrary cellular automata for a limited number of steps using a single nonrotatable tile and a linear-size seed assembly.
Computer-Generated Chinese Painting for Landscapes and Portraits

Practiced for more than three thousand years, Chinese painting stresses the notion of "implicit meaning" in which painters use a minimum amount of strokes to express their deepest feelings. Chinese landscape and figure paintings are the two major themes of Chinese painting. Of relevant interest is more thoroughly understand Chinese art by analyzing basic rules of Chinese painting. This paper proposes two novel methods capable of synthesizing rock textures in Chinese landscape painting and systhesizing portraits in Chinese figure painting, respectively. In addition to saving time during trial and error, these two methods attempt to synthesize painting styles. After users only specify the contour and parameters, our methods underwrite the complete painting process. With the requirement of familiarity with painting skills, individuals can paint various styles of Chinese painting
Integrated associations of genotypes with multiple blood biomarkers linked to coronary heart disease risk

Individuals at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) show multiple correlations across blood biomarkers. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) indexing biomarker differences could help distinguish causal from confounded associations because of their random allocation prior to disease. We examined the association of 948 SNPs in 122 candidate genes with 12 CHD-associated phenotypes in 2775 middle aged men (a genic scan). Of these, 140 SNPs indexed differences in HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, factor VII, apolipoproteins AI and B, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, homocysteine or folate, some with large effect sizes and highly significant P-values (e.g. 2.15 standard deviations at P = 9.2 × 10−140 for F7 rs6046 and FVII levels). Top ranking SNPs were then tested for association with additional biomarkers correlated with the index phenotype (phenome scan). Several SNPs (e.g. in APOE, CETP, LPL, APOB and LDLR) influenced multiple phenotypes, while others (e.g. in F7, CRP and FBB) showed restricted association to the index marker. SNPs influencing six blood proteins were used to evaluate the nature of the associations between correlated blood proteins utilizing Mendelian randomization. Multiple SNPs were associated with CHD-related quantitative traits, with some associations restricted to a single marker and others exerting a wider genetic ‘footprint’. SNPs indexing biomarkers provide new tools for investigating biological relationships and causal links with disease. Broader and deeper integrated analyses, linking genomic with transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analysis, as well as clinical events could, in principle, better delineate CHD causing pathways amenable to treatment.
Building a Regional Structure of an Information Society on the Basis of e-Administration

The aim of this paper is to present basic assumptions underlying the idea of information society and to show the main works related to the evolution and implementation of information society development strategy for a Polish region. Particular attention was paid to the development of administration as one of the pillars of the information society. The Electronic Communication System for Public Administration (SEKAP) as a "good practice" in the information society development has been presented.
Single crystals of germanium and silicon&#8212;Basic to the transistor and integrated circuit

HEN the transistor was discovered at Bell Laboratories there were few even within the Labs who knew about it for some months due to a decision of management to maintain close security for a period. John Bardeen and Walter Brattain [l], [2] made their earthshaki:ng observations on December 23,1947; the first public demo’nstration of the invention and announcement of the discovery was not made until June 30,1948. In the interim period only those who were assigned to the project by research management were told the facts. I was at Bell Labs at this time and had been there for many years. Though I was not in the physics semiconductor group, I learned a bit about the invention in the early part of 1948, due to my having deposited pyrolytically. silicon, germanium, and germanium-silicon alloy films on ceramic tubes during World War 11. Some of these experimental samples turned out to be of interest to Shockley in trying some of his ideas of how to make a field-effect tramistor. Bardeen and Brattain’s discovery was very exciting news, perhaps even more so for me than for many others because I had long nourished an interest in germanium. that had started with my undertaking graduate study a t Brown University under Prof. Charles A. Kraus, American Chemical Society president, and Willard Gibbs, Franklin and Priestley Medalist, who was one of the two outstanding U. S. experts on germanium at that ime. My master’s and doctor’s theses were on germanium. It was a material studied only for its scientific interest; its complete uselessness fascinated’ and challenged me. My concentration on this shiny metallic-appearing material during my graduate school days resulted in a continuing personal sentimental attachment for germanium, which, to me, a t least, was and is an exotic element. This deep but little known personal attachment influenced me from time to time over an eighteen-year period after leaving Brown University to seek some way of capitalizing on this knowledge and interest acquired years before. The opportunity to enter a career of creative research and innovation, concerned particularly with electronic materials, I owe to Dr. Robert R. Williams and Dr. Robert M. Burns, who headed Bell Labs chemical research. When they invited me to come to work at Bell Laboratories, I accepted and went there in 1930. M.y initial studies a t Bell began as a member of the Chemical Research Department. In 1933 I transferred to the Electro-Optical Department reporting to its head,
Categories of Source Code in Industrial Systems

The categorization of source code artifacts affects how the overall product is measured and consequently how these measurements are interpreted. When measuring complexity, for instance, failing to distinguish test and generated code will affect complexity measurements possibly leading to an erroneous interpretation of the overall product complexity. Although categorization problems are known, there seems to be little attention given to this subject in the literature. In this paper, we introduce a categorization for source code artifacts and present an empirical study providing evidence of each category. Artifacts are divided into production and test code, and then these categories are sub-divided into manually-maintained, generated, library, and example code. By analyzing 80 Java and C# industrial systems, we have found evidence of the majority of categories. We show that in average production code only accounts for 60% of a product volume. Also, we have found that for some systems the overall percentage of test and generated code, each can account to over 70% and of library code to over 40%. Finally we discuss the difficulties of distinguishing source code artifacts and conclude with directions for further research.
Passive and Self-Powered Autonomous Sensors for Remote Measurements

Autonomous sensors play a very important role in the environmental, structural, and medical fields. The use of this kind of systems can be expanded for several applications, for example in implantable devices inside the human body where it is impossible to use wires. Furthermore, they enable measurements in harsh or hermetic environments, such as under extreme heat, cold, humidity or corrosive conditions. The use of batteries as a power supply for these devices represents one solution, but the size, and sometimes the cost and unwanted maintenance burdens of replacement are important drawbacks. In this paper passive and self-powered autonomous sensors for harsh or hermetical environments without batteries are discussed. Their general architectures are presented. Sensing strategies, communication techniques and power management are analyzed. Then, general building blocks of an autonomous sensor are presented and the design guidelines that such a system must follow are given. Furthermore, this paper reports different proposed applications of autonomous sensors applied in harsh or hermetic environments: two examples of passive autonomous sensors that use telemetric communication are proposed, the first one for humidity measurements and the second for high temperatures. Other examples of self-powered autonomous sensors that use a power harvesting system from electromagnetic fields are proposed for temperature measurements and for airflow speeds.
Recent advancement on estimation of blue carbon biomass using satellite-based approach

ABSTRACT History revealed that people had been discharging a large proportion of carbon into the atmosphere through fossil fuel consumption and the marine environment. These have prompted atmospheric carbon fixations that have proved to be larger than at any other point throughout the human survival. Due to the critical role of blue carbon in the ocean carbon cycle, it is essential to pay extra attention to these habitats (mangrove, seagrass meadows, salt marshes, and coral reefs). Hence, this article reviews the recent developments in blue carbon biomass estimation using a geospatial approach and highlighted the blue carbon components achievements and gaps. Biomass and soil carbon estimation, using change detection analysis, were reviewed. Analysis of the carbon conversion factors, used in converting biomass to carbon, was demonstrated. The review shall act as support for the realization of the target 14.2 and 14.5 of the 14th sustainable development goal established by the United Nations, to fast track the achievement of the 2020 agenda.
Marx's radical humanism

The different varieties of orthodox Marxism project a radical philosophical split between the work of the early and the late Marx. However, the argument of this paper rejects the view that there is a sharp radical split between the early and late Marx with respect to his basic philosophical positions; and it argues that the projection of such a philosophical split amounts to a radical distortion of Marx's thought. The main methodological instrument for carrying out this argument is Marx's mature dialectical method of explanation which he employed throughout his monumental work, Capital – that is, the method of dialectical explanation that moves from the abstract to the concrete. This method of explanation involves the interplay of two fundamental canons of interpretation that distinguish this explanatory movement – the interrelated notions of the concrete universal and the internal relation. The argument proceeds to sketch an explanatory theoretical web which allows one to discern how the perspectives of the early and late Marx can be synthesized in a coherent way; and how Marx's philosophical/scientific paradigm not only provides conceptual room for, but also calls for a full-fledged radical humanism.