Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimize active power loss with distribution network reconfiguration considering intermittent renewable energy source uncertainties

With the economy fast development and urbanization moving forward in China, electricity demand of urban center keeps growing. The users are paying more attention on the electricity quality and harmony with the environment. At the same time, the advantages of distributed generation, such as the high efficiency, lower carbon emission have been paid more attention. As above, the distribution network is facing unprecedentedly large amount of distributed generation, especially the intermittent renewable energy source (IRS). But the uncertainties of IRS generation have effect on the safe and reliable operation of distribution network. So it is necessary to put emphasis on the distribution network operation considering system uncertainties. This paper presents a novel distribution network reconfiguration model considering the load and IRS output uncertainties. The model minimizes the expectation of the total active power loss. The Monte Carlo simulation is selected for the probabilistic power flow. An evolutionary algorithm suitable for distribution network reconfiguration is proposed. The algorithm is based on Partheno Genetic Algorithm with Tree Structure Encoding technology. Baran&Wu 33 and TPC 84 case are presented to testify the proposed model and algorithm.
Magnetically actuated scanning microlens for NIR Raman spectroscopy

This paper presents the design, fabrication and characterization of a magnetically actuated scanning microlens for miniature confocal near infrared (NIR) Raman spectroscopy. One of the potential applications could be on non-invasive skin cancer diagnosis. The microlens is comprised of a 20 mum thick ferromagnetic nickel platform integrated with a PDMS plano-convex lens with a diameter of 1.25 mm and an effective focal length of 2.0 mm. This work demonstrates a microlens with a scanning angle of plusmn24deg driven by an external AC magnetic field orientated at an angle of 30deg from the horizontal rotation axis. A coplanar 152 mum scanning range is demonstrated by a 22.2times10-3 Tesla external magnetic field at 197 Hz.
Glucose and baroreceptor function. Effects of oral administration of glucose on baroreceptor function in cerebrovascular disease and in other disorders with baroreceptor reflex block.

THE OCCURRENCE of "strokes" in association with meals is well recognized, but this relationship is not fully understood. One postulated mechanism is that patients lose vasomotor control after a large meal so that a change in posture after the feast leads to significant falls in blood pressure, jeopardizing blood flow in an already diseased part of the vasculature of the brain, with consequent infarction. This hypothesis has some support. It has been shown, for example, that elderly subjects have defective vasomotor control and compensate poorly for sudden changes in cardiac output. 1,2 It is possible, therefore, that in such subjects further impairment of vasomotor function related to the meal may significantly decrease cerebral blood flow in a compromised part of the vasculature. Some patients with diabetes, with or without clinically recognizable peripheral neuropathy, have impaired baroreceptor reflexes. 3 In such patients and in others without diabetes but with impaired
Five-year success rate of 831 consecutively placed Zirconia dental implants in humans: a comparison of three different rough surfaces.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the 5-year success rate of zirconia (ZrO2) implants with three different kinds of surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-piece zirconia dental implants (CeraRoot) with three different roughened surfaces were designed and manufactured for this study: coated, uncoated, and acid-etched. Five different implant designs were manufactured. Standard or flapless surgical procedures were used for implant placement. Simultaneous bone augmentation or sinus elevation was performed when bone height or width was insufficient. Definitive all-ceramic restorations were placed 4 months after implant placement (8 months or more for implants when bone augmentation or sinus elevation was performed). The implants were followed up to 5 years (mean, 3.40 +/- 0.21). RESULTS In all, 831 implants were placed in 378 patients with a mean age of 48 years. The overall implant success rate after 5 years of follow-up was 95% (92.77% for uncoated implants, 93.57% for coated implants, and 97.60% for acid-etched implants). The success rate of the acid-etched surface group was significantly better than that of the other two. CONCLUSION From this midterm investigation, it can be concluded that zirconia dental implants with roughened surfaces might be a viable alternative for tooth replacement. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate the long-term success rates of the implant surfaces studied.
Mechanism of copper surface toxicity in Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella involves immediate membrane depolarization followed by slower rate of DNA destruction which differs from that observed for Gram-positive bacteria.

We have reported previously that copper I and II ionic species, and superoxide but not Fenton reaction generated hydroxyl radicals, are important in the killing mechanism of pathogenic enterococci on copper surfaces. In this new work we determined if the mechanism was the same in non-pathogenic ancestral (K12) and laboratory (DH5α) strains, and a pathogenic strain (O157), of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic strain exhibited prolonged survival on stainless steel surfaces compared with the other E. coli strains but all died within 10 min on copper surfaces using a 'dry' inoculum protocol (with approximately 10(7) cfu cm(-2) ) to mimic dry touch contamination. We observed immediate cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, not seen with enterococci or methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and loss of outer membrane integrity, inhibition of respiration and in situ generation of reactive oxygen species on copper and copper alloy surfaces that did not occur on stainless steel. Chelation of copper (I) and (II) ionic species still had the most significant impact on bacterial survival but protection by d-mannitol suggests hydroxyl radicals are involved in the killing mechanism. We also observed a much slower rate of DNA destruction on copper surfaces compared with previous results for enterococci. This may be due to protection of the nucleic acid by the periplasm and the extensive cell aggregation that we observed on copper surfaces. Similar results were obtained for Salmonella species but partial quenching by d-mannitol suggests radicals other than hydroxyl may be involved. The results indicate that copper biocidal surfaces are effective for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but bacterial morphology affects the mechanism of toxicity. These surfaces could not only help to prevent infection spread but also prevent horizontal gene transmission which is responsible for the evolution of virulent toxin producing and antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Microelectrophoresis for the separation of DNA fragments

A methodology has been developed which significantly reduces the linear dimension necessary for the electrophoretic separation of DNA fragments and oligonucleotides. DNA fragments are rapidly separated into compact, resolvable microscopic banding patterns which can be detected using a high‐resolution electronic imaging system. Separations can be carried out in either capillary tube or thin‐layer (slab) microgel formats of one centimeter or less in length. The complete separation of all eleven fragments (1353 to 72 base pairs) of the ΦX174 DNA/ HaeIII restriction ladder was achieved in a total running distance of less than 2 mm and in less than 2 min. The observed band widths for the larger fragments (1353–603 bp) ranged from 18 to 25 μm, with the intermediate and smaller fragments (310 to 72 bp) ranging from 30 μm to 60 μm. The ethidium bromide‐stained microgels were analyzed using an epifluorescent microscope combined with an intensified charged coupled device imaging system. In other experiments, single‐base resolution of fluoresceinated oligonucleotides in the 20–30 nucleotide range was demonstrated. DNA sequencing may be possible with further optimization. This new methodology departs from the conventional gel formulations and electrophoretic procedures used for the separation DNA fragments. High voltage gradients and the use of highly concentrated and crosslinked homogeneous polyacrylamide gels effects the rapid separation of DNA fragments in very short distances. Analysis of the microgels with proteins of known size (Stokes radius) indicates that separations are occurring in gels with pore sizes close to the diameter of double‐stranded DNA. In the extreme, single‐stranded oligonucleotides could be effectively separated in gels with pore diameters that completely excluded double‐stranded oligomers of the same length.
The Impact of Hemodialysis and Arteriovenous Access Flow on Extracranial Hemodynamic Changes in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients

In this study, we characterized cerebral blood flow changes by assessment of blood flow parameters in neck arteries using carotid duplex ultrasonography and predictive factors for these hemodynamic changes. Hemodynamic variables were measured before and during hemodialysis in 81 patients with an arteriovenous access in their arm. Hemodialysis produced significant lowering in peak systolic velocity and flow volume of neck arteries and calculated total cerebral blood flow (1,221.9 ± 344.9 [before hemodialysis] vs. 1,085.8 ± 319.2 [during hemodialysis], P < 0.001). Effects were greater in vessels on the same side as the arteriovenous access and these changes were influenced by arteriovenous access flow during hemodialysis, both in the CCA (r = -0.277, P = 0.015) and the VA (r = -0.239, P = 0.034). The change of total cerebral blood flow during hemodialysis was independently related with age, presence of diabetes, and systemic blood pressure.
Patterns of contraction in human full thickness skin grafts.

It is taught that full thickness skin grafts contract minimally in humans. We aimed to examine this assumption. In a prospective study, a scale photograph of each of 54 human full thickness skin grafts was taken at operation once the graft had been inset, but before the application of any tie-over or other dressing. For 50 grafts, a subsequent scale photograph was taken at follow-up (mean 111 days post-operation). The photographs were digitised and the areas of the grafts recorded. Significant area reduction in human full thickness skin grafts was found (P< 0.01, mean area change -38%). Greater contraction was associated with infection than without (P = 0.02, mean area change with infection -48%, without infection -33%). Full thickness skin grafts applied to the peri-orbital area and nose contracted more than those applied to the scalp and temples (P = 0.002). No differences in contraction were found between donor sites, between methods of fixation, between males and females or between those taking no medication and those taking steroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Area change did not correlate with initial graft area, patient age or time to second photograph.
Reduced Prefrontal Cortex Hemodynamic Response in Adults with Methamphetamine Induced Psychosis: Relevance for Impulsivity

Patients with methamphetamine abuse/dependence often exhibit high levels of impulsivity, which may be associated with the structural abnormalities and functional hypoactivities observed in the frontal cortex of these subjects. Although near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a simple and non-invasive method for characterizing the clinical features of various psychiatric illnesses, few studies have used NIRS to directly investigate the association between prefrontal cortical activity and inhibitory control in patients with methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP). Using a 24-channel NIRS system, we compared hemodynamic responses during the Stroop color-word task in 14 patients with MAP and 21 healthy controls matched for age, sex and premorbid IQ. In addition, we used the Barrett Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11) to assess impulsivity between subject groups. The MAP group exhibited significantly less activation in the anterior and frontopolar prefrontal cortex accompanied by lower Stroop color-word task performance, compared with controls. Moreover, BIS-11 scores were significantly higher in the MAP group, and were negatively correlated with the hemodynamic responses in prefrontal cortex. Our data suggest that reduced hemodynamic responses in the prefrontal cortex might reflect higher levels of impulsivity in patients with MAP, providing new insights into disrupted inhibitory control observed in MAP.
Urethral musculature and innervation in the female rat

The urethral sphincter and urethral muscle innervation are critically involved in maintaining continence, especially in the female. However, the urethral muscle type and distribution, as well as the urethral nerves are far from being well documented. Our aim was to clearly identify the distribution of urethral striated muscle, smooth muscle, and urethral nerves.
Automatic Identification of Functional Clusters in fMRI Data Using Spatial Dependence

In independent component analysis (ICA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, extracting a large number of maximally independent components provides a detailed functional segmentation of brain. However, such high-order segmentation does not establish the relationships among different brain networks, and also studying and classifying components can be challenging. In this study, we present a multidimensional ICA (MICA) scheme to achieve automatic component clustering. In our MICA framework, stable components are hierarchically grouped into clusters based on higher order statistical dependence-mutual information-among spatial components, instead of the typically used temporal correlation among time courses. The final cluster membership is determined using a statistical hypothesis testing method. Since ICA decomposition takes into account the modulation of the spatial maps, i.e., temporal information, our ICA-based approach incorporates both spatial and temporal information effectively. Our experimental results from both simulated and real fMRI datasets show that the use of spatial dependence leads to physiologically meaningful connectivity structure of brain networks, which is consistently identified across various ICA model orders and algorithms. In addition, we observe that components related to artifacts, including cerebrospinal fluid, arteries, and large draining veins, are grouped together and encouragingly distinguished from other components of interest.
Relationships of Depression to Child and Adult Abuse and Bodily Pain Among

This study investigates whether depression in women who experienced intimate partner violence is associated with having also experienced childhood sexual and physical abuse, psychological abuse by an intimate partner, recent involvement with the abusive partner, and bodily pain. Fifty-seven women who had left a violent relationship with an intimate partner completed measures assessing their demographic characteristics, experiences of abuse in childhood and in their relationship with their intimate partner, and depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis showed that women’s depression was significantly greater among those who had experienced childhood physical and sexual abuse, more severe psychological abuse, and greater bodily pain (p < .001), adjusted R 2 = . 32. These results suggest characteristics that can help to identify abused women who are most at risk for depression, and they suggest specific issues that may need to be addressed in this population.
Noise characteristics of GaAs and Si IMPATT diodes for 50-GHz range operation

Direct comparison of noise behaviors between GaAs Schottky-barrier junction and Si diffused p+-n junction diodes operating in the 50-GHz range is reported by using the same circuitry. In the oscillator operation, the GaAs diode exhibits excess "1/fm" noise near carrier, whereas the Si diode shows flat spectrum. Far from the carrier, and AM-DSB-NSR of -133 dB in a 100-Hz bandwidth and an FM noise measure of 27.1 dB are observed for GaAs diodes. Corresponding values obtained for Si diodes are -125 and 36.2 dB, respectively. As a reflection amplifier, minimum noise figures of 27.5 and 38 dB are achieved for the GaAs and Si devices, respectively. These results indicate that the GaAs IMPATT is superior in noise behavior to the Si diode also in the 50-GHz frequency range by about 10 dB. It is emphasized that the noise induced in the bias circuit of the IMPATT oscillator is a replica of the sideband noise of the output power and can be used as an indicator to obtain a low-noise tuning condition of the oscillator.
Assessing the Cumulative Contribution of New and Established Common Genetic Risk Factors to Early-Onset Prostate Cancer

Background: We assessed the evidence for association between 23 recently reported prostate cancer variants and early-onset prostate cancer and the aggregate value of 63 prostate cancer variants for predicting early-onset disease using 931 unrelated men diagnosed with prostate cancer prior to age 56 years and 1,126 male controls. Methods: Logistic regression models were used to test the evidence for association between the 23 new variants and early-onset prostate cancer. Weighted and unweighted sums of total risk alleles across these 23 variants and 40 established variants were constructed. Weights were based on previously reported effect size estimates. Receiver operating characteristic curves and forest plots, using defined cut-points, were constructed to assess the predictive value of the burden of risk alleles on early-onset disease. Results: Ten of the 23 new variants demonstrated evidence (P < 0.05) for association with early-onset prostate cancer, including four that were significant after multiple test correction. The aggregate burden of risk alleles across the 63 variants was predictive of early-onset prostate cancer (AUC = 0.71 using weighted sums), especially in men with a high burden of total risk alleles. Conclusions: A high burden of risk alleles is strongly associated with early-onset prostate cancer. Impact: Our results provide the first formal replication for several of these 23 new variants and demonstrate that a high burden of common-variant risk alleles is a major risk factor for early-onset prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 766–72. ©2015 AACR.
Prevalence of hypertension and peripheral arterial disease in adults in Léogâne, Haiti

Methods A community sample of adults ≥18 years in Léogâne, Haiti, had blood pressure and ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurements in the Summers of 2014 and 2015 in addition to surveys to ascertain knowledge related to awareness and consequences of hypertension. Descriptive statistics for prevalence of hypertension and peripheral artery disease were performed. Sensitivity analyses were performed for hypertension prevalence under the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC) and 2017 guidelines.
cDNA Cloning and Expression of ATP Synthase Subunit b from the Fire-bellied Frog Bombina orientalis (Anura: Discoglossidae)

We cloned the Bombina orientalis adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase subunit b gene from a B. orientalis oviduct cDNA library. The transcript was 997 bp long and encoded 250 amino acid residues. It showed high similarity to amphibian (84-85%), mammalian (56-62%) and invertebrate (46-50%) sequences. In phylogenetic analyses, it clustered with other amphibian sequences. This gene was highly expressed in brain, intestine and oviduct but not in muscle and liver. In this paper, we report the basic characteristics of B. orientalis ATP synthase subunit b gene.
Elucidation of double bond position in unsaturated lipids by ozone electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

The position(s) of carbon-carbon double bonds within lipids can dramatically affect their structure and reactivity and thus has a direct bearing on biological function. Commonly employed mass spectrometric approaches to the characterization of complex lipids, however, fail to localize sites of unsaturation within the molecular structure and thus cannot distinguish naturally occurring regioisomers. In a recent communication [Thomas, M. C. ; Mitchell, T. W. ; Blanksby, S. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 58-59], we have presented a new technique for the elucidation of double bond position in glycerophospholipids using ozone-induced fragmentation within the source of a conventional electrospray ionization mass spectrometer. Here we report the on-line analysis, using ozone electrospray mass spectrometry (OzESI-MS), of a broad range of common unsaturated lipids including acidic and neutral glycerophospholipids, sphingomyelins, and triacylglycerols. All lipids analyzed are found to form a pair of chemically induced fragment ions diagnostic of the position of each double bond(s) regardless of the polarity, the number of charges, or the adduct ion (e.g., [M - H](-), [M - 2H](2-), [M + H](+), [M + Na](+), [M + NH(4)](+)). The ability of OzESI-MS to distinguish lipids that differ only in the position of the double bonds is demonstrated using the glycerophosphocholine standards, GPCho(9Z-18:1/9Z-18:1) and GPCho(6Z-18:1/6Z-18:1). While these regioisomers cannot be differentiated by their conventional tandem mass spectra, the OzESI-MS spectra reveal abundant fragment ions of distinctive mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The approach is found to be sufficiently robust to be used in conjunction with the m/z 184 precursor ion scans commonly employed for the identification of phosphocholine-containing lipids in shotgun lipidomic analyses. This tandem OzESI-MS approach was used, in conjunction with conventional tandem mass spectral analysis, for the structural characterization of an unknown sphingolipid in a crude lipid extract obtained from a human lens. The OzESI-MS data confirm the presence of two regioisomers, namely, SM(d18:0/15Z-24:1) and SM(d18:0/17Z-24:1), and suggest the possible presence of a third isomer, SM(d18:0/19Z-24:1), in lower abundance. The data presented herein demonstrate that OzESI-MS is a broadly applicable, on-line approach for structure determination and, when used in conjunction with established tandem mass spectrometric methods, can provide near complete structural characterization of a range of important lipid classes. As such, OzESI-MS may provide important new insight into the molecular diversity of naturally occurring lipids.