Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiplexed Protein Quantitation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using Amine-reactive Isobaric Tagging Reagents*S

We describe here a multiplexed protein quantitation strategy that provides relative and absolute measurements of proteins in complex mixtures. At the core of this methodology is a multiplexed set of isobaric reagents that yield amine-derivatized peptides. The derivatized peptides are indistinguishable in MS, but exhibit intense low-mass MS/MS signature ions that support quantitation. In this study, we have examined the global protein expression of a wild-type yeast strain and the isogenic upf1Δ and xrn1Δ mutant strains that are defective in the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and the general 5′ to 3′ decay pathways, respectively. We also demonstrate the use of 4-fold multiplexing to enable relative protein measurements simultaneously with determination of absolute levels of a target protein using synthetic isobaric peptide standards. We find that inactivation of Upf1p and Xrn1p causes common as well as unique effects on protein expression.
Experimental investigation on the abrasive wear of AISI 52100 steel

AISI 52100 steel has been widely used in various types of bearings in machinery equipment due to its excellent mechanical properties and high availability. In the final manufacturing process of bearing parts usually involve lapping and polishing methods on the ultra-precision machining in order to achieve high accuracy of profile and fine surface quality. The essence of this process is abrasive wear of AISI 52100 steel material. Therefore, in order to improve the super finishing process of bearings super finishing, the experiment of abrasive wear of AISI 52100 steel materials were carried out in this paper. The effects of different abrasive diameter and pressure on the material removal amount of AISI 52100 steel were investigated; the abrasive correction coefficient K in Preston formula was computed and obtained. The result shows that reducing the abrasive diameter can increase the material removal rate and improve surface quality when other factors are maintained constant.
The CNS Stochastically Selects Motor Plan Utilizing Extrinsic and Intrinsic Representations

Traditionally motor studies have assumed that motor tasks are executed according to a single plan characterized by regular patterns, which corresponds to the minimum of a cost function in extrinsic or intrinsic coordinates. However, the novel via-point task examined in this paper shows distinct planning and execution stages in motion production and demonstrates that subjects randomly select from several available motor plans to perform a task. Examination of the effect of pre-training and via-point orientation on subject behavior reveals that the selection of a plan depends on previous movements and is affected by constraints both intrinsic and extrinsic of the body. These results provide new insights into the hierarchical structure of motion planning in humans, which can only be explained if the current models of motor control integrate an explicit plan selection stage.
Browser-Soar: a computational model of a highly interactive task

Browser-Soar models the perceptual, cognitive, and motor operators of a user searching for information in an on-line help browser. The model accounts for 90% of the browsing behavior observed in ten episodes. This result suggests that much of browsing behavior is a routine cognitive task, describably by GOMS, and extends the boundary of tasks to which GOMS applies to include highly interactive tasks. Further, it also suggests that GOMS analyses can be used to evaluate text-editors and other computer applications, and to help focus design effort.
A SUPER-EARTH AND TWO NEPTUNES ORBITING THE NEARBY SUN-LIKE STAR 61 VIRGINIS

We present precision radial velocity data that reveal a multiple exoplanet system orbiting the bright nearby G5V star 61 Virginis. Our 4.6 years of combined Keck/HIRES and Anglo-Australian Telescope precision radial velocities indicate the hitherto unknown presence of at least three planets orbiting this well-studied star. These planets are all on low-eccentricity orbits with periods of 4.2, 38.0, and 124.0 days, and projected masses (Msin i) of 5.1, 18.2, and 24.0 M⊕, respectively. Test integrations of systems consistent with the radial velocity data suggest that the configuration is dynamically stable. Depending on the effectiveness of tidal dissipation within the inner planet, the inner two planets may have evolved into an eccentricity fixed-point configuration in which the apsidal lines of all three planets corotate. This conjecture can be tested with additional observations. We present a 16-year time series of photometric observations of 61 Virginis, which comprise 1194 individual measurements, and indicate that it has excellent photometric stability. No significant photometric variations at the periods of the proposed planets have been detected. This new system is the first known example of a G-type Sun-like star hosting a Super-Earth mass planet. It joins HD 75732 (55 Cnc), HD 69830, GJ 581, HD 40307, and GJ 876 in a growing group of exoplanet systems that have multiple planets orbiting with periods less than an Earth-year. The ubiquity of such systems portends that space-based transit-search missions such as Kepler and CoRoT will find many multi-transiting systems.
The MIT-LL/AFRL MT System

The MIT-LL/AFRL MT system is a statistical phrase-based translation system that implements many modern SMT training and decoding techniques. Our system was designed with the long term goal of dealing with corrupted ASR input for Speech-to-Speech MT applications. This paper will discuss the architecture of the MIT-LL/AFRL MT system, and experiments with manual and ASR transcription data that were run as part of the IWSLT-2005 Chinese-to-English evaluation campaign. 1
Variation and covariation in infectivity, virulence and immunodepression in the host–parasite association Gammarus pulex–Pomphorhynchus laevis

Parasites often manipulate host immunity for their own benefit, either by exacerbating or suppressing the immune response and this may directly affect the expression of parasite virulence. However, genetic variation in immunodepression, which is a prerequisite to its evolution, and the relationship between immunodepression and virulence, have rarely been studied. Here, we investigated the variation among sibships of the acanthocephalan parasite, Pomphorhynchus laevis, in infecting and in immunodepressing its amphipod host, Gammarus pulex. We also assessed the covariation between infectivity, parasite-induced immune depression and host mortality (parasite virulence). We found that infectivity, the intensity of immunodepression and virulence were variable among parasite sibships. Infectivity and the level of immunodepression were not correlated across parasite sibships. Whereas infectivity was unrelated to host mortality, we found that gammarids that were exposed to the parasite sibships that immunodepressed their hosts the most survived better. This positive covariation between host survival and immunodepression suggests that gammarids exposed to the less immunodepressive parasites could suffer from damage imposed by a higher activity of the phenoloxidase.
PDL for ordered trees

This paper is about a special version of PDL, proposed by Marcus Kracht, for reasoning about sibling ordered trees. It has four basic programs corresponding to the child, parent, left- and right-sibling relations in such trees. The original motivation for this language is rooted in the field of model-theoretic syntax. Motivated by recent developments in the area of semi-structured data, and, especially, in the field of query languages for XML (eXtensible Markup Language) documents, we revisit the language. This renewed interest comes with a special focus on complexity and expressivity aspects of the language, aspects that have so far largely been ignored. We survey and derive complexity results, and spend most of the paper on the most important open question concerning the language: what is its expressive power? We approach this question from two angles: Which first-order properties can be expressed? And which second-order properties? While we are still some way from definitive answers to these questions, we discuss two first-order fragments of the PDL language for ordered trees, and show how the language can be used to express some typical (second-order) problems, like the boolean circuit and the frontier problem.
Directional coarsening and smoothing for anisotropic Navier-Stokes problems.

Unstructured multigrid techniques for relieving the stiffness associated with high-Reynolds number viscous flow simulations on extremely stretched grids are investigated. One approach consists of employing a semi-coarsening or directional-coarsening technique, based on the directions of strong coupling within the mesh, in order to construct more optimal coarse grid levels. An alternate approach is developed which employs directional implicit smoothing with regular fully coarsened multigrid levels. The directional implicit smoothing is obtained by constructing implicit lines in the unstructured mesh based on the directions of strong coupling. Both approaches yield large increases in convergence rates over the traditional explicit full-coarsening multigrid algorithm. However, maximum benefits are achieved by combining the two approaches in a coupled manner into a single algorithm. An order of magnitude increase in convergence rate over the traditional explicit full-coarsening algorithm is demonstrated, and convergence rates for high-Reynolds number viscous flows which are independent of the grid aspect ratio are obtained.
Pretty Good Packet Authentication

Internet addresses are routinely being used to infer the identity of persons who send offending traffic - a capability they were not designed to provide. As a result, problems abound: innocent users are being accused, while the culprits can easily avoid detection. In this paper, we present Pretty Good Packet Authentication (PGPA), a simple service that can establish whether or not a given host has sent a particular packet. PGPA provides a firm basis on which to act against the culprit, and, at the same time, it enables innocent users to defend themselves against false accusations. We also describe an implementation of PGPA that can be deployed incrementally and with minimal changes to the current Internet.
Session-Level Load Balancing for High-Dimensional Systems

Load balancing is critical for the performance of big server clusters. Although many load balancers are available for improving performance in parallel applications, the load-balancing problem is not fully solved yet. Recent advances in security and architecture design advocate load balancing on a session level. However, due to the high dimensionality of session-level load balancing, little attention has been paid to this new problem. In this paper, we formulate the session-level load-balancing problem as a Markov decision problem. Then, we use approximate dynamic programming to obtain approximate load-balancing policies that are scalable with the problem instance. Extensive numerical experiments show that the policies have nearly optimal performance.
Weather events identification in social media streams: tools to detect their evidence in Twitter

11 Severe weather impact identification and monitoring through social media data is a good challenge for data science. In last years we assisted to an increase of weather related disasters, also due to climatic changes. Many works showed that during such events people tend to share messages by means of social media platforms, especially Twitter. Not only they contribute to ”situational” awareness, improving the dissemination of information during emergency, but can be used to assess social impact of crisis events. We present in this work preliminary findings concerning how temporal distribution of weather related messages may help the identification of severe events that impacted a community. Severe weather events are recognizable by observing the synchronization of Twitter activity volumes across keywords and hashtags, including geo-names. Impacting events present a recognizable visual pattern recalling a ”Half Onion Shape”, where Twitter activity across keywords is synchronized. In reason of these interesting indications, it’s becoming fundamental to have a suite of reliable tools to monitor social media data. For Twitter data a comprehensive suite of tools is presented: the DISIT-Twitter Vigilance Platform for Twitter data retrieve, management and visualization. 12
Proportional gain changeable peak current mode control DC-DC converter

The digital control has the attractive capability, for instance, the high-performance function and the energy management capability. On the other hand, there are issues which must be solved for the actual implementation. The proposed method can solve some of them, namely the transient response, the dynamic characteristics and the precision of the controller, with the simple method.
Evaluation of the DC(T) test in discerning the variations in cracking properties of asphalt mixtures

As the temperature of an asphalt pavement drops to below freezing point, the asphalt material starts to lose its ductility, and consequently, the asphalt mixture becomes more susceptible to cracking. The disk-shaped compact tension [DC(T)] fracture test has been used to quantify the fracture properties of asphalt concrete at subzero temperatures for more than a decade. The Asphalt Institute laboratory has successfully utilised the DC(T) test in several research studies. As a result of these studies, a valuable database is gathered which represents the sensitivity of the DC(T) test, and exhibits how the test is capable of capturing the effect of various factors on the performance of asphalt mixtures at low temperatures. This paper briefly presents the findings from some of these studies. The paper presents the response of the DC(T) test to the variations in several factors relative to asphalt pavements including the crude source of the asphalt binder, ageing of the asphalt mixture, deficiency in the in-place density, pavement temperature, using a warm-mix agent, using RAP and RAS materials, and chip sealing as a preservation method. The test showed to be well capable of capturing the variations in these factors; therefore, it can be utilised by the pavement managers to assess the changes in the specimens from the asphalt pavements over time to help determine if any maintenance or rehabilitation action is required. Furthermore, the test can be used to evaluate the laboratory-made mixtures and ascertain if they would perform satisfactorily in their designated environmental conditions.
Atomistic-continuum hybrid analysis of dislocation behavior in spinodally decomposed Fe-Cr alloys

In this study, we first present the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of dislocation behavior in a spinodally decomposed Fe-Cr alloy. The MD simulation is used for exploring the nature of the interaction between a dislocation and the spinodal decomposition without any specific assumptions. In order to classify the interaction mechanism, dislocation dynamics (DD) simulations of the interaction between a dislocation and the spinodal decomposition are performed. In the simulations, we controlled the interaction mechanism by adding and removing the atomistic mechanism. The simulation results clearly illustrate that the atomistic mechanism can be negligible in determining the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) of spinodally decomposed Fe-Cr alloys, and the internal stress generated by the lattice constant mismatch is a dominant mechanism. These findings are very useful for simplifying the analysis of the mechanism of material strength change due to the spinodal decomposition. Particularly in the analysis using the DD simulations, the required computational effort for simulating the dislocation behavior is greatly reduced by taking into account only the internal stress without the atomistic dislocation core influence.
Cervical Cancer in Botswana: Current State and Future Steps for Screening and Treatment Programs

Botswana has a high burden of cervical cancer due to a limited screening program and high HIV prevalence. About 60% of the cervical cancer patients are HIV positive; most present with advanced cervical disease. Through initiatives by the Botswana Ministry of Health and various strategic partnerships, strides have been made in treatment of pre-invasive and invasive cancer. The See and Treat program for cervical cancer is expanding throughout the country. Starting in 2015, school-going girls will be vaccinated against HPV. In regards to treatment of invasive cancer, a multidisciplinary clinic has been initiated at the main oncology hospital to streamline care. However, challenges remain such as delays in treatment, lack of trained human personnel, limited follow-up care, and little patient education. Despite improvements in the care of pre-invasive and invasive cervical cancer patients, for declines in cervical cancer-related morbidity and mortality to be achieved, Botswana needs to continue to invest in decreasing the burden of disease and improving patient outcomes of patients with cervical cancer.
From Depth Data to Head Pose Estimation: A Siamese Approach

The correct estimation of the head pose is a problem of the great importance for many applications. For instance, it is an enabling technology in automotive for driver attention monitoring. In this paper, we tackle the pose estimation problem through a deep learning network working in regression manner. Traditional methods usually rely on visual facial features, such as facial landmarks or nose tip position. In contrast, we exploit a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to perform head pose estimation directly from depth data. We exploit a Siamese architecture and we propose a novel loss function to improve the learning of the regression network layer. The system has been tested on two public datasets, Biwi Kinect Head Pose and ICT-3DHP database. The reported results demonstrate the improvement in accuracy with respect to current state-of-the-art approaches and the real time capabilities of the overall framework.
On the nature of poliovirus genetic recombinants.

Summary Recombinant and parental poliovirus particles were indistinguishable by ratezonal and isopycnic sedimentation, and by u.v. inactivation. Sensitive selective procedures, applied to ts + recombinants to detect genetic segregation of one parent, failed to reveal any. Poliovirus genetic recombinant particles thus appear to be conventional virus particles; their significance for recombination mechanisms is discussed. Sensitivity to the growth inhibitor 2-(3-chloro-p-tolyl)-5-ethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole is shown to depend on a product of the structural protein gene.
The ProDom database of protein domain families: more emphasis on 3D

ProDom is a comprehensive database of protein domain families generated from the global comparison of all available protein sequences. Recent improvements include the use of three-dimensional (3D) information from the SCOP database; a completely redesigned web interface (http://www.toulouse.inra.fr/prodom.html); visualization of ProDom domains on 3D structures; coupling of ProDom analysis with the Geno3D homology modelling server; Bayesian inference of evolutionary scenarios for ProDom families. In addition, we have developed ProDom-SG, a ProDom-based server dedicated to the selection of candidate proteins for structural genomics.
Weed Control as a Rationale for Restoration: The Example of Tallgrass Prairie

The potential weed control benefits of ecological restoration are rarely cited and largely unstudied. Nevertheless, the nature of many restoration target communities, i.e., diverse, late-successional communities, suggests that restoration may control weeds and that the invasibility of plant communities may decrease with both diversity and successional age. Given the high cost of weed control in nonagricultural land, weed control benefits could be a strong incentive for restoration efforts. We examined the cumulative effects of restoration on weed populations 7 yr after tallgrass prairie restoration on a Minnesota sand plain. The numbers and biomass of volunteer weeds were compared among randomized plots with (1) no restoration, (2) prairie seed addition, and (3) site preparation plus prairie seed addition. After 7 yr, comparison with unrestored sites showed that site preparation plus prairie seed addition had reduced weed biomass by 94%, total weed stem number by 76%, and the stem numbers of four individual weed species. Prairie seed addition alone had no significant effect on weed biomass but reduced weed stem number by 45%. Restoration also reduced available light, which is consistent with the hypothesis that restoration may limit weed invasion by decreasing resource availability.
Metabolism of glucose and fatty acid by leukocytes from patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.

The metabolic abnormalities responsible for endogenous hypertriglyceridemia have not been defined. Some in vivo studies have suggested that excessive triglyceride production is the cause of this defect. In an attempt to obtain direct evidence concerning this mechanism, we have compared in vitro the metabolism of radioactive glucose and palmitate by leukocytes from patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia and normal subjects. Leukocytes from the patients incorporated 9.82 plus or minus 1.7 (S.E.M.) nanomoles of glucose into cellular lipid per 10-8 cells per hour. When the cell lipid extract was sugjected to mild alkaline hydrolysis, 92 per cent of the glucose radioactivity was recovered in the glycerol backbone of the lipid esters. Comparison of specific yields of CO2 from glucose labeled in the 1- or 6- position revealed that 0.53 plus or minus 0.02 per cent was metabolized via the pentose cycle. The leukocytes from hypertriglyceridemic persons incorproated 140 plus or minus 6.9 nanomoles of [1-14C]-palmitate per 10-8 cells per hour. Eighty-four per cent of the radioactivity was in triglycerides and 14 per cent in phospholipids. The major phospholipid into which palmitate was incorporated was phosphatidyl choline. The leukocytes oxidized palmitate at a rate of 2.88 plus or minus 0.23 nanomoles per 10-8 cells per hour. There were no differences in any of the above values between leukocytes from hypertriglyceridemic patients and normal subjects. Likewise, there was no correlation between the plasma triglyceride concentration and glucose or palmitate incorporation into triglycerides. To the extent that leukocytes reflect systemic metabolic processes, these data provide no support for the interpretation that the mechanism of the plasma triglyceride elevation is excessive biosynthesis.