Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A quality index applied to transient response evaluation of a synchronous generator

In this paper we propose to use a quality response index (QRI) to evaluate the transient stability response of electric machinery under fault conditions. This index is used to calculate a control constant for the improvement of the transient response of a machine-infinite bus system which results in an optimization problem formulation. This optimization problem is solved using genetic algorithms to obtain the best value of a control proportionality-constant parameter of the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). Results of a case study considering several conditions (operation points, faults, and clearing times) are included.
Benign paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

History Those affected by BPPV endure episodes of vertigo provoked by head movements (such as entailed in rolling over in bed, lying down, sitting up, leaning forward or turning the head in a horizontal plane). Patients often volunteer that symptoms are worse when the head is tilted to one particular side. Attacks are of sudden onset and usually last 20-30 seconds with rapid resolution if the head is kept still. There is normally a brief latent period (usually about 5 seconds but may be up to 20 seconds) between the provocative movement and the experience of vertigo. Nausea is common but vomiting is rare [3] . Symptoms are typically worse in the mornings. Hearing is not affected and tinnitus is not a feature. Symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, ear or mastoid pain, headache and photophobia point towards alternative diagnoses. Light-headedness and imbalance are sometimes reported after the attack and may last for several minutes or hours [3] . BPPV may present as a fall. In one study, 54% of patients admitted to hospital following a fall and suitable for assessment were found to have BPPV[7] .
The Effect of Institutions, Geography, Development Assistance and Debt Crises on Public-Debt Management

Using survey data on debt management strategies, this paper studies whether the probability that a country has a debt management strategy, publishes its debt strategy, and uses a benchmark-based strategy is affected by democratic accountability, institutional quality, past debt crises/defaults, IFIs development assistance, and participation in debt management programs. We find that countries located in Latin America and Caribbean are less likely to have developed a debt management strategy and, if they have, they are less likely to publish it. In contrast, countries located in Middle East and North Africa are less likely to use quantitative benchmarks in formulation of their debt management strategy. A country is more likely to have developed a debt management strategy if it has an experience of a past debt crisis, but not of repeated debt crises. Institutional quality and democratic accountability could significantly contribute to emergence of more transparent and accountable debt management strategies in developing countries. IFIs' technical assistance on public debt management could be enhanced by IFIs conducting their own, prior diagnostic reviews.
Metabotyping of Caenorhabditis elegans reveals latent phenotypes

Assigning functions to every gene in a living organism is the next challenge for functional genomics. In fact, 85–90% of the 19,000 genes of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans genome do not produce any visible phenotype when inactivated, which hampers determining their function, especially when they do not belong to previously characterized gene families. We used 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy (1H HRMAS-NMR) to reveal the latent phenotype associated to superoxide dismutase (sod-1) and catalase (ctl-1) C. elegans mutations, both involved in the elimination of radical oxidative species. These two silent mutations are significantly discriminated from the wild-type strain and from each other. We identify a metabotype significantly associated with these mutations involving a general reduction of fatty acyl resonances from triglycerides, unsaturated lipids being known targets of free radicals. This work opens up perspectives for the use of 1H HRMAS-NMR as a molecular phenotyping device for model organisms. Because it is amenable to high throughput and is shown to be highly informative, this approach may rapidly lead to a functional and integrated metabonomic mapping of the C. elegans genome at the systems biology level.
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus Antigen Detection Using Monoclonal Antibodies to the Nucleocapsid Protein

Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease with a high case fatality rate, and is caused by the SFTS virus (SFTSV). SFTS is endemic to China, South Korea, and Japan. The viral RNA level in sera of patients with SFTS is known to be strongly associated with outcomes. Virological SFTS diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity are required in disease endemic areas. Methodology/Principal Findings We generated novel monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the SFTSV nucleocapsid (N) protein and developed a sandwich antigen (Ag)-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of N protein of SFTSV using MAb and polyclonal antibody as capture and detection antibodies, respectively. The Ag-capture system was capable of detecting at least 350–1220 TCID50/100 μl/well from the culture supernatants of various SFTSV strains. The efficacy of the Ag-capture ELISA in SFTS diagnosis was evaluated using serum samples collected from patients suspected of having SFTS in Japan. All 24 serum samples (100%) containing high copy numbers of viral RNA (>105 copies/ml) showed a positive reaction in the Ag-capture ELISA, whereas 12 out of 15 serum samples (80%) containing low copy numbers of viral RNA (<105 copies/ml) showed a negative reaction in the Ag-capture ELISA. Among these Ag-capture ELISA-negative 12 samples, 9 (75%) were positive for IgG antibodies against SFTSV. Conclusions The newly developed Ag-capture ELISA is useful for SFTS diagnosis in acute phase patients with high levels of viremia.
Interleaved DC-DC converter with lead-acid storage batteries for power regulation of grid-connected variable-speed wind turbine

This paper presents a small-scale grid-connected wind power conversion system(WECS). The fluctuating output power of the WECS is regulated and kept constant using an interleaved dc-dc converter with 8 lead acid storage batteries connected in series. The control of the battery management system is designed to optimize the use of the 12V, 99Ah advanced Thin Plate Pure Lead (TPPL) lead acid battery, and to prolong the life of the battery with maintaining the integrated wind power delivered to the grid constant. Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) is incorporated into the battery management system, to maximize the output power of the wind turbine driven 1.5 kW interior permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG). Instead of using the two-level voltage source inverter, the three-level one is designed and constructed for the grid-integration of the variable-speed wind turbine to highly reduce the switching frequency without increasing the ripple components in the grid-side current of the LCL filter. The experimental results confirm that the proposed control of lead acid storage battery makes the overall system more reliable and cost effective.
Delayed implantation of intramedullary chitosan channels containing nerve grafts promotes extensive axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVE We describe a new strategy to promote axonal regeneration after subacute or chronic spinal cord injury consisting of intramedullary implantation of chitosan guidance channels containing peripheral nerve (PN) grafts. METHODS Chitosan channels filled with PN grafts harvested from green fluorescent protein rats were implanted in the cavity 1 week (subacute) or 4 weeks (chronic) after 50-g clip injury at T8 and were compared with similarly injured animals implanted with either unfilled channels or no channels. Functional recovery was measured weekly for 12 weeks by open-field locomotion, after which histological examination was performed. RESULTS The implanted channels with PN grafts contained a thick tissue bridge containing as many as 35,000 myelinated axons in both the subacute and chronic spinal cord injury groups, with the greatest number of axons in the channels containing PN grafts implanted subacutely. There were numerous green fluorescent protein-positive donor Schwann cells in the tissue bridges in all animals with PN grafts. Moreover, these Schwann cells had high functional capacity in terms of myelination of the axons in the channels. In addition, PN-filled chitosan channels showed excellent biocompatibility with the adjacent neural tissue and no obvious signs of degradation and minimal tissue reaction at 14 weeks after implantation. In control animals that had unfilled chitosan channels implanted, there was minimal axonal regeneration in the channels; in control animals without channels, there were large cavities in the spinal cords, and the bridges contained only a small number of axons and Schwann cells. Despite the large numbers of axons in the chitosan channel-PN graft group, there was no significant difference in functional recovery between treatment and control groups. CONCLUSION Intramedullary implantation of chitosan guidance channels containing PN grafts in the cavity after subacute spinal cord injury resulted in a thicker bridge containing a larger number of myelinated axons compared with chitosan channels alone. A chitosan channel containing PN grafts is a promising strategy for spinal cord repair.
Generation of New Derivatives of the Antitumor Antibiotic Mithramycin by Altering the Glycosylation Pattern through Combinatorial Biosynthesis

Mithramycin is an antitumor drug produced by Streptomyces argillaceus. It consists of a tricyclic aglycone and five deoxyhexoses that form a disaccharide and a trisaccharide chain, which are important for target interaction and therefore for the antitumor activity. Using a combinatorial biosynthesis approach, we have generated nine mithramycin derivatives, seven of which are new compounds, with alterations in the glycosylation pattern. The wild‐type S. argillaceus strain and the mutant S. argillaceus M7U1, which has altered D‐oliose biosynthesis, were used as hosts to express various “sugar plasmids”, each one directing the biosynthesis of a different deoxyhexose. The newly formed compounds were purified and characterized by MS and NMR. Compared to mithramycin, they contained different sugar substitutions in the second (D‐olivose, D‐mycarose, or D‐boivinose instead of D‐oliose) and third (D‐digitoxose instead of D‐mycarose) sugar units of the trisaccharide as well as in the first (D‐amicetose instead of D‐olivose) sugar unit of the disaccharide. All compounds showed antitumor activity against different tumor cell lines. Structure–activity relationships are discussed on the basis of the number and type of deoxyhexoses present in these mithramycin derivatives.
Theoretical bounds on the accuracy of state and parameter estimation for batteries

Today it is standard to use equivalent circuit models to describe the dynamic behavior of Li-ion vehicle batteries. The parameters and states change with operating point and are therefore continuously estimated using bayesian observers, though without knowing to what degree the performance can be improved. Posterior Cramér-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLBs) can be used to theoretically quantify the optimal accuracy of bayesian estimators. In this paper we apply this to a second-order nonlinear equivalent-circuit model of a lithium-ion battery. It is shown, by numerical calculations, how the posterior Cramér-Rao Lower Bounds depend on the amplitude and frequency of the current, and on the slope of the Open Circuit Voltage (OCV) curve. Furthermore, it is investigated how much the accuracy is reduced in combined estimation of the states and the resistance compared to when the resistance is perfectly known. More importantly, it is also shown that the Mean Square Errors (MSE) of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) are close to the posterior CRLBs, which means that, under the investigated circumstances, it is not possible to significantly reduce the MSEs by replacing the EKF by any other observer.
Upper Extremity Function after Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Short-Term Interim Results of the ARCUS Study

Aims: To examine the short-term effects of transradial percutaneous coronary interventions on the upper extremities function. Method and results: This is an interim analysis of the Effects of trAnsRadial perCUtaneouS coronary intervention on upper extremity function (ARCUS) study. Out of 191 patients evaluated at 2 weeks after they had undergone a transradial percutaneous coronary intervention, 120 (62.8 % ) had manifestations of upper extremity dysfunction on the side of the intervention. The main abnormalities were a decrease in sensibility, a ≥ 15 % increase in the Disabilities of the Hand and Shoulder questionnaire score and a ≥ 2 cm increase in hand and forearm volumes. Radial artery occlusions occurred in 12 patients in the upper extremity dysfunction versus 1 patient in the no upper extremity dysfunction group (p = 0.03). Patients with upper extremity dysfunction were significantly more likely to have a family history of heart disease (50 % vs. 26.8 % ; p = 0.002). In addition, there was a trend (p = 0.07) toward a greater proportion of previous smokers in the group with upper extremity dysfunction than in the other group. Conclusions: Upper extremity dysfunction after transradial percutaneous coronary intervention is a medical concern. However, our original score may be overly sensitive and overestimate the rate of upper extremity dysfunction. Further analyses are needed, as well as perhaps a modification of the primary endpoint. Received Date: May 18, 2017 Accepted Date: June 28, 2017 Published Date: July 06, 2017 Citation: IJsselmuiden, A.J.J., et al. Upper Extremity Function after Transradial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Short-Term Interim Results of the ARCUS Study. (2017) J Heart Cardiol 3(2): 34-39.
Depressive symptomatology in coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients

Depression is commonly reported in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery patients. This study assesses the relationship of preoperative characteristics, life stressors, social support, major cardiac and neurologic outcomes and other complications to depressive symptomatology. Demographic and clinical data, CES‐D score and information on life stressors and social support were collected from 237 patients; 92% completed 6‐month follow‐up. CES‐D score ≥16 was defined as significant depressive symptomatology. Significant depressive symptomatology was found in 43% of patients preoperatively and 23% postoperatively. In multivariate models, low social support (p=0.008), presence of at least one life stressor within a year of surgery (p=0.006), moderate to severe dyspnea (p=0.003), little to no available help (p=0.05) and less education (p=0.05) were associated with higher preoperative CES‐D score, while longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (p=0.0001) and little or no available help (p=0.0008) predicted higher postoperative CES‐D scores when controlling for preoperative CES‐D scores. Neither pre‐ nor postoperative depressive symptomatology was related to major outcomes or other complications. A high rate of significant depressive symptomatology exists in CABG patients preoperatively, and it decreases significantly postoperatively. Patients with the above preoperative characteristics as well as those who stay in the ICU postoperatively for more than 2 days might benefit from psychosocial interventions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lower bounds on Bayes factors for multinomial distributions, with application to chi-squared tests of fit

Lower bounds on Bayes factors in favor of the null hypothesis in multinomial tests of point null hypotheses are developed. These are then applied to derive lower bounds on Bayes factors in both exact and asymptotic chi-squared testing situations. The general conclusion is that the lower bounds tend to be substantially larger than P-values, raising serious questions concerning the routine use of moderately small P-values to represent significant evidence against the null hypothesis
Improved Control System Design of Quadrotor Helicopter Based on Integral Neural Sliding Mode control

Regarding the characteristics of the current quadrotor helicopter control system i.e. strong coupling, complex nonlinear, multi-input multi-output and susceptibility to outside disturbance and modeling error, a double closedloop control structure is proposed, involving attitude integral sliding mode robust control. The proposed controller consists of two parts: an angular velocity controller as the inner-loop and a position controller as the outer-loop. In which the switch function is realized by using integral sliding mode. The dynamic model of the quadrotor helicopter is established based on the Newton-Euler equation. The RBF neural network is used to adjust the gain of the sliding mode switching term and to adaptively learn the upper bound value of uncertain factors such as external disturbance and modeling error of system in order to weaken the chattering phenomenon caused by the conventional sliding mode control. The stability and exponential convergence of the closed-loop system have been proved according to Lyapunov theory, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by numerical simulations .
The enhanced content based image retrieval system and classification of infected vegetables

Vegetables play a major role in Indian agriculture by providing economic viability, nutritional security, and fit well into the predominant intensive cropping systems prevailing in different parts of our country. To develop technologies that enhance quality and productivity of vegetables and solve increasing biotic and abiotic diseases is the major challenge in vegetable research. The vegetable disease identification and classification is the most important and catching attention research topic in the agriculture science. Image processing is the most suitable and best tool for classification and retrieval system. The Proposed work is to retrieve and classify the various types of infected and non-infected vegetable image. Searching the vegetable image from the large database for the analysis of the quality is difficult to defeat this Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system is introduced. A novel approach of CBIR system is used in the vegetable images by using feature extraction techniques. In classification of the infected vegetables is done through the process of feature extraction and classification. The final results shows for enhanced system of five types of vegetables like carrot, potato, bell pepper, Cabbage and tomato, Area of Infection of infected vegetable, and performance analysis of Infected/Non-infected vegetables.
Effects on Spinal Cord Blood Flow and Neurologic Function Secondary to Interruption of Bilateral Segmental Arteries Which Supply the Artery of Adamkiewicz: An Experimental Study Using a Dog Model

Study Design. Segmental arteries including the level of Adamkiewicz artery were interrupted bilaterally for up to 4 levels to study the effects on spinal cord blood flow and neurologic function in dogs. Objective. To examine how many ligations of bilateral segmental arteries including the level of Adamkiewicz artery cause ischemic spinal cord dysfunction. Summary of Background Data. Interruption of bilateral segmental arteries at ≥5 consecutive levels without the level of Adamkiewicz artery has been reported to risk producing ischemic spinal cord dysfunction in dog model. However, the effects of ligating including the level of Adamkiewicz artery have not been elucidated. Methods. The 25 dogs in which Adamkiewicz artery originated from L5 level were taken in this study. There were 15 dogs divided into 5 groups: sham group, no ligation; group 1, ligation of bilateral segmental arteries at 1 level (L5); group 2, at 2 levels (L4–L5); group 3, at 3 levels (L4–L6); and group 4, at 4 levels (L3–L6). Spinal cord blood flow at the L5 spinal cord segment by laser-Doppler flowmetry, and spinal cord-evoked and compound muscle action potentials were measured simultaneously until 10 hours after ligation. Neurologic function was assessed using a modified Tarlov grading system 1 week after operation in 10 other dogs divided into 2 groups: 3 pairs group, ligation at 3 levels (L4–L6); 4 pairs group, at 4 levels (L3–L6). Results. Spinal cord blood flow was 98.2%, 76.1%, 66.6%, 61.4%, and 53.5% in the sham group, groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, 10 hours after ligation. Abnormal spinal cord-evoked and compound muscle action potentials were observed in 1 out of 3 dogs in group 4. Postoperative neurologic evaluation identified all 5 dogs in 3 pairs group and 4 in 4 pairs group as having grade 5. There was 1 dog in 4 pairs group that had grade 4. Conclusion. Interruption of bilateral segmental arteries at ≥4 consecutive levels including the level of Adamkiewicz artery risks producing ischemic spinal cord dysfunction.
Long-Term Contracting with Time-Inconsistent Agents

We study contracts between naive present‐biased consumers and risk‐neutral firms. We show that the welfare loss from present bias vanishes as the contracting horizon grows. This is true both when bargaining power is on the consumers' and on the firms' side, when consumers cannot commit to long‐term contracts, and when firms do not know the consumers' naiveté. However, the welfare loss from present bias does not vanish when firms do not know the consumers' present bias or when they cannot offer exclusive contracts.
An Importance/Performance Analysis of Service Providers' Perception of Quality Service in the Hotel Industry

This study compared the Importance/Performance Analysis technique and the service gap technique to the measurement of quality service in the hotel industry. A 5 factor instrument was developed and administered to management and employees of 7 Toronto mid-range and luxury hotel properties in order to capture the service uroviders' ~ersuectiveo n service aualitv (N = 861). Simificant difierences between management and employee perception of service auality were found. Imulications for management usmg both techniques are discussed.
A Correlation analysis on High-tech Enterprise R&D Input and Innovation Output:the Experience Proof Come from High-tech Enterprises in Shandong Province

The study investigates the correlation between RD Input and Innovation Output,using the data comes from High-tech Enterprise survey in Shandong province.The study finds RD fund input significant positively correlates to patent output,new products,and innovation performance.The intensity of RD fund input has a significant positive correlation with the profitability of the business.But,there is no correlation among RD human input,patent output and new products.The paper shows RD human input has a weak negative correlation with innovation performance,and the intensity of RD human input significant positively correlates to the profitability of business.