Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Text Analysis to Inform Clients of the Subject of a Document

Contemporary informa tion databases contain many millions of electronic documents. Locating information on the Internet today is problematic, due to the enormous number of documents it contains. Several other studies have found that associating documents with a subject or list of topics can improve locatability of information on the Internet (Drori, 2000a 2000b 2000c). Effective cataloguing of information is performed manually, requiring extensive resources. Consequently, most information is currently not catalogued. This paper aims to present a software tool that automatically locates the subject of a document and to show the results of a test performed, using the software tool, TextAnalysis, specially developed for this purpose. The main purpose of this study is to inform clients of the subject of the corpus of texts it obtains from search engines as a search results list.
Who represents us best?: one member or many?

Citizens living in presidential or parliamentary systems face different political choices as do voters casting votes in elections governed by rules of proportional representation or plurality. Political commentators seem to know how such rules influence political behavior. They firmly believe, for example, that candidates running in plurality systems are better known and held more accountable to their constituencies than candidates competing in elections governed by proportional representation. However, such assertions rest on shaky ground simply because solid empirical knowledge to evaluate the impact of political institutions on individual political behavior is still lacking. The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems has collected data on political institutions and on individual political behavior and scrutinized it carefully. In line with common wisdom results of most analyses presented in this volume confirm that political institutions matter for individual political behavior but, contrary to what is widely believed, they do not matter much
Early Word Segmentation by Infants and Toddlers With Williams Syndrome

This study tested the ability of English infants and toddlers with Williams syndrome to segment, that is, to extract from fluent speech, bisyllabic nouns that had either a strong–-weak stress pattern (predominant in English), or a weak–-strong stress pattern. The testing procedure was the same for both types of words: Children were familiarized with instances of isolated nouns, and then tested on their recognition of these nouns embedded in passages. In English, typically developing infants start segmenting strong–-weak nouns by 7.5 months of age, and weak–-strong nouns by 10.5 months. Our clinical population was able to segment strong–-weak nouns, but failed, despite chronological ages above 15 months, to segment weak–-strong words. These results suggest that the development of word segmentation is seriously delayed in Williams syndrome. This deficit in early phonological processing may contribute to a fuller understanding of the late lexical onset in this population, a phenomenon that had hitherto only been explained in terms of cognitive and semantic deficits.
Blind MMSE Equalization of SISO IIR Channels Using Oversampling and Multichannel Linear Prediction

In this correspondence, a novel linear prediction based blind equalization algorithm for Single Input Single Output (SISO) IIR channels is proposed. The new algorithm is based on second-order statistics and it does not require channel order estimation. By oversampling the channel output, the SISO channel model is converted to a special Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) model. Two forward linear predictors with consecutive prediction steps are applied to the subchannel outputs of the SIMO model. It is proved that the partial parameters of the SIMO model can be estimated from the difference between the prediction errors when the length of the predictors is sufficiently large. The sufficient filter length for achieving the optimal prediction is also derived. Based on the estimated parameters, both batch and adaptive Minimum-Mean-Square-Error (MMSE) equalizers are developed. The performance of the proposed equalizers is evaluated by computer simulations and compared with existing algorithms.
New Improved Photometric Redshifts of Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field

We report new improved photometric redshifts of 1048 galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field. A standard χ2 minimizing method is applied to recent seven-color UBVIJHK photometry by Fernández-Soto et al. We use 187 template spectral energy distributions (SEDs) representing a wide variety of morphology and age of observed galaxies based on a population synthesis model by Kodama & Arimoto. We introduce two new recipes. First, the amount of the internal absorption is changed as a free parameter in the range E(B-V) = 0.0-0.5 with an interval of 0.1. Second, the absorption due to intergalactic H I clouds is also changed by a factor of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 around the opacity given by Madau. The total number of template SEDs is thus 187 × 6 × 3 = 3366, except for the redshift grid. The dispersion σz of our photometric redshifts with respect to spectroscopic redshifts is σz = 0.08 and 0.24 for z < 2 and z > 2, respectively, which are smaller than the corresponding values (σz = 0.09 and 0.45) by Fernández-Soto et al. Improvement is significant, especially in z > 2. This is due to smaller systematic errors which are largely reduced mainly by including three opacities due to intergalactic H I clouds. We discuss redshift distribution N(z) and cosmic star formation rate based on our new photometric redshifts.
Phylogenetic Relationships of the Genus Homatula (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae), with Special Reference to the Biogeographic History around the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

Species of the nemacheilid genus Homatula are endemic to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of China. Herein we provide phylogenetic inferences of species relationships based on complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b) and partial sequences of the nuclear recombination activation gene (RAG 1). Both gene trees (and the concatenated data set) support the recognition of five clades in the genus. These analyses also support the hypothesis that two of the lineages resolved represent undescribed species awaiting formal description, and, further, that two previously recognized species are junior synonyms; both are genetically indistinguishable from other previously recognized species. Divergence times of the major clades in Homatula are inferred to be Late Pliocene and the Early Pleistocene, and are correlated with the massive geological events associated with the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau occurring at these times. The reconstruction of drainage histories suggests that the fish faunas of the Nu and Lancang rivers are basal relative to other riverine faunas in the region, and that the Nanpan and the Jinsha rivers share a more recent history than with any other river systems included in our study.
A Cultural-Historical Study of Scientific Concept Formation Possibilities for Preschool Children in Everyday Environments

In the growing context of early years science education research, this cultural-historical qualitative study explores the scientific concept formation possibilities for preschool children in their everyday home and preschool environments. It is argued that teacher and parent awareness about science in the everyday environment gives a new understanding about science pedagogy in the early years of education. The findings contribute in the broader science education research by informing the home and preschool relationships in scientific concept formation for preschool children. Further research avenues are identified for more early years science studies in the home and preschool contexts.
Quiver gauge theories at resolved and deformed singularities using dimers

The gauge theory on a set of D3-branes at a toric Calabi-Yau singularity can be encoded in a tiling of the 2-torus denoted dimer diagram (or brane tiling). We use these techniques to describe the effect on the gauge theory of geometric operations partially smoothing the singularity at which D3-branes sit, namely partial resolutions and complex deformations. More specifically, we describe the effect of arbitrary partial resolutions, including those which split the original singularity into two separated. The gauge theory correspondingly splits into two sectors (associated to branes in either singularity) decoupled at the level of massless states. We also describe the effect of complex deformations, associated to geometric transitions triggered by the presence of fractional branes with confinement in their infrared. We provide tools to easily obtain the remaining gauge theory after such partial confinement.
Power Quality Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems in Distribution Networks

This paper presents a dynamic PQ analysis on the effects of high-penetrated grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems in a distribution system under different weather conditions. To track practical considerations, all information on PV units and weather conditions given in this paper were collected from different solar panel producers and from the Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD), respectively. A 1.8-MW grid- connected PV system in a radial 16-bus test system is modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink software to study the effects of this technology on the system under different levels of solar irradiation. The simulation results proved that the presence of high-penetrated grid-connected PV systems could cause power quality problems such as voltage raise, voltage flicker, and power factor reduction. Streszczenie. W artykule przedstawiono analize dynamicznych zmian mocy w duzym systemie fotowoltaicznym dolączonym do sieci, w przypadku roznych warunkow pogodowych. W badaniach wykorzystano rzeczywiste informacje pogodowe. Model sumacyjny stworzono w programie Matlab- Simulink, a nastepnie sprawdzono jego dzialanie w warunkach roznego poziomu zadanego naslonecznienia. Wyniki pokazaly, ze duze zespoly paneli PV, podlączone do sieci, mogą wywolac problemy z jakością energii. (Analiza jakości energii w sieci elektroenergetycznej z dolączonymi systemami fotowoltaicznymi).
Parallaxes and Distance Estimates for 14 Cataclysmic Variable Stars

I used the 2.4 m Hiltner Telescope at MDM Observatory in an attempt to measure trigonometric parallaxes for 14 cataclysmic variable stars. Techniques are described in detail. In the best cases the parallax uncertainties are below 1 mas, and significant parallaxes are found for most of the program stars. A Bayesian method that combines the parallaxes together with proper motions and absolute magnitude constraints is developed and used to derive distance estimates and confidence intervals. The most precise distance derived here is for WZ Sge, for which I find 43.3 pc. Six Luyten Half-Second stars with previous precise parallax measurements were remeasured to test the techniques, and good agreement was found.
A Unified Framework for Discrete Spectral Clustering

Spectral clustering has been playing a vital role in various research areas. Most traditional spectral clustering algorithms comprise two independent stages (i.e., first learning continuous labels and then rounding the learned labels into discrete ones), which may lead to severe information loss and performance degradation. In this work, we study how to achieve discrete clustering as well as reliably generalize to unseen data. We propose a unified spectral clustering scheme which jointly learns discrete clustering labels and robust out-ofsample prediction functions. Specifically, we explicitly enforce a discrete transformation on the intermediate continuous labels, which leads to a tractable optimization problem with a discrete solution. Moreover, to further compensate the unreliability of the learned labels, we integrate an adaptive robust module with l2,p loss to learn prediction function for unseen data. Extensive experiments conducted on various data sets have demonstrated the superiority of our proposal as compared to existing clustering approaches.
2D Graph-Based Soft Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM

We address joint channel estimation and data detection based on factor graphs. The considered graph-based approach utilizes reliability information of channel estimates to facilitate soft-output data detection, and in-turn reliability information about the data symbols is taken into account for channel estimation. In this paper graph-based soft channel estimation and detection is extended to an OFDM based air interface, where the channel response varies in two dimensions; time and frequency. Initial channel estimates obtained by training symbols are conveyed by a two dimensional (2D) factor-graph in time and frequency with only a linear increase in complexity. The required training overhead for the proposed 2D graph-based soft channel estimation scheme may be substantially reduced by taking the redundancy introduced by the channel coding into account.
Toward an Integrated System of Income Acquisition and Management: Four Community College Responses.

This study argues that community college funding and resource development must become a long-term core function of the institution due to changes in the source of revenue for community colleges. The research problem was: (1) to identify and describe how organizational structure and management activities have changed in four community colleges in response to the change in proportional funding of college operations by the state government; and (2) to develop and test a theoretical framework. The sources of data for the study were semi-structured interviews with 33 administrators, as well as onsite observations and review of institutional documents. The community colleges were in Florida, New York, North Carolina, and Texas. The four institutions studied were placed at a stage along the Integrated Income Acquisition and Management (IIAM) Continuum. Following the methodology of the comparative case study, modifications to the IIAM Continuum are indicated by the comparative analysis. The document recommends eight factors for implementing and sustaining the integration of income acquisition and management systems. The study found that four of the factors were present at all four institutions. The overriding obstacle for all four institutions was the lack of centralized strategic planning. Research instruments appended. (Contains 140 references.) (NB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. TOWARD AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF INCOME ACQUISITION AND MANAGEMENT: FOUR COMMUNITY COLLEGE RESPONSES U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.
On the Trade Impact of Nominal Exchange Rate Volatility

What is the effect of nominal exchange rate variability on trade? I argue that the methods conventionally used to answer this perennial question are plagued by a variety of sources of systematic bias. I propose a novel approach that simultaneously addresses all of these biases, and present new estimates from a broad sample of countries from 1970 to 1997. The answer to the question is: Not much.
Towards generating realistic synthetic fingerprint images

Synthetic fingerprint generation has two major advantages. First, it is possible to create arbitrarily large databases for research purposes e.g. of a million or a billion fingerprints at virtually no cost and without legal constraints. Secondly, together with the generated fingerprint images comes additional ground truth information for free such as e.g. the corresponding minutiae template. However, recently it has been shown that existing methods in the literature synthesize images with unrealistic minutiae configurations, usually not visible to the naked eye of an expert. In this paper, we propose an algorithm called Realistic Fingerprint Creator (RFC) for the generation realistic synthetic fingerprint images, which, as a core ingredient, involves a selection procedure how to choose the most `realistic' synthetic fingerprints to build a database. We have performed a test of realness comparing prints synthesized by RFC and real fingerprints, and we have observed that the proposed RFC is the first method which produces artificial fingerprints that pass this test due to their realistic minutiae configuration.
Spatial Data Sharing: A Pilot Study of French SDIs

Since the appearance of Spatial Data Infrastructure several years ago, there has been a tremendous increase in spatial data available on the Internet. This situation raises several research issues, in terms of identifying the content actually accessible via this medium and its impact on governance and local authority management. Our study proposes a mixed methodology applied to 45 French institutional infrastructures, to compare the objectives stated by their promoters, their content, and the actual services provided. The methodology, based on an analysis of interviews with Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) coordinators and their answers to questionnaires, as well as a study of their websites and an exploration of over 160,000 metadata in their metadata catalogues, produced varied results concerning data accessibility, stakeholder networks, the interoperability of tools, and informational equality in different regions. Despite the proactive stance of SDI promoters, only 15.7% of data are open-access. Their interoperability remains restricted to specific types of actors and themes. Although geocollaboration organised by SDIs is very active, it only concerns the public sector. These disparities also concern their informational dimension, as some regions have considerable resources at their disposal, but others do not.
Requirements metrics based on use cases

One of the major problems in software engineering is to obtain reliable estimates for the development effort at an early stage. In this report an approach is described for developing estimation models based on metrics collected in the requirements specification phase of a project. The approach relies on hierarchical use cases being used to express the requirements but it can be extended to other methods as well. Furthermore, the approach can be used for other purposes than estimation of effort with slight modifications. The model for expressing requirements using hierarchical use cases has been evaluated and a number of improvements are proposed.
A Geometrical-Based Throughput Bound Analysis for Device-to-Device Communications in Cellular Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communications in cellular networks are promising technologies for improving network throughput, spectrum efficiency, and transmission delay. In this paper, we first introduce the concept of guard distance to explore a proper system model for enabling multiple concurrent D2D pairs in the same cell. Considering the Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) requirements for both macro-cell and D2D communications, a geometrical method is proposed to obtain the guard distances from a D2D user equipment (DUE) to the base station (BS), to the transmitting cellular user equipment (CUE), and to other communicating D2D pairs, respectively, when the uplink resource is reused. By utilizing the guard distances, we then derive the bounds of the maximum throughput improvement provided by D2D communications in a cell. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate the impact of different parameters on the optimal maximum throughput. We believe that the obtained results can provide useful guidelines for the deployment of future cellular networks with underlaying D2D communications.
\threads: a System for the Support of Concurrent Programming". Technical Report

Many parallel applications are implemented using lightweight thread packages. The low overhead associated with user-level thread management encourages programmers to use threads to exploit ne-grain parallelism in an application. Although the overhead of explicit thread management can be very small, there is other overhead associated with lightweight threads: the time required to load data into the local memory (or cache) where the thread executes. In many cases this overhead is a signi cant percentage of the execution time of a thread, so much so that ne-grain parallel programs typically perform much worse than coarse-grain implementations of the same application, even when the cost of thread management is negligible. In this paper we propose a technique for thread scheduling, called memory-conscious scheduling, that reduces this overhead by executing a thread close to some of the data it will access. We illustrate the use of this scheduling technique on two di erent architectures: a bus-based, cache-coherent multiprocessor, and a distributed-memory machine without caches. Our experimental results show that this technique signi cantly improves the performance of ne-grain parallel applications on both machines. In fact, ne-grain parallel applications using memory-conscious scheduling are often comparable in performance to coarse-grain parallel applications. Using simulation, we quantify the bene ts of memory-conscious scheduling under varying distributions of data and load, and changes in the remote-to-local memory access time ratio. We conclude that memory-conscious scheduling o ers substantial performance bene ts on current multiprocessors, and has even greater potential on future machines.
Generating a Statically-Checkable Device Driver I/O Interface

Device drivers are known to be a main source of operating system bugs. Several research groups have created driver specification languages that dynamically check pre- and postconditions on the IO operations of a device driver. The low-level type-safe language, Clay, has the facilities to statically check the safety of a device driver but is difficult to use directly. We have created a new device driver specification language, Laddie, which compiles the IO interface of a device driver to Clay thus leveraging its static safety checking while remaining simple to use.
Characteristics of value co-creation in a learning environment by service design and service-dominant frameworks

Presently, educational institutions exist as complex networks of expertise that fulfil the needs of their stakeholders and respond to the challenges of a transforming society. Therefore, educational services are subject to a constant design process in co-operation with the customers and other stakeholders. Co-operation between parties is strongly related to the value co-creation, since the customer is the co-producer of the value according to the concept of service-dominant logic. Service design research has paid little attention to the value of co-creation in networked education services. This paper focuses on value co-creation in service-dominant logic and service design frameworks using a case study of supplementary healthcare education service. The case study is situated at the ENVI Virtual Center for Wellness Campus, which is a virtual and simulation learning environment for healthcare in Rovaniemi, Finland. The goal of the three focus group interviews was to study which characteristics support networked value co-creation in design of educational services. Based on the research data, we have determined features that increase understanding in terms of the value-creation processes related to the networked education services: network transparency, trust and shared expertise. The paper also proposes some service design tools for the research and development of such services. ServDes.2010 ExChanging Knowledge, Linkoping 1-3 December 2010 51