Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enabling Search and Similarity Search in Small-World-based P2P Systems

Recently, peer-to-peer systems have become one of the most popular distributed applications. Many previous works have investigated identifier-based indexing systems that support a query-by-identifier service. However, clients usually have only partial information about an object, and prefer to query by keywords. In this paper, we propose a small-world-based keyword search system (SW-KSS) that provides keyword search and similarity search services simultaneously. The proposed SW-KSS applies the concept of the "small world theory" to the construction of an indexing structure. Such structures mirror the way humans keep track of their friends and acquaintances; hence, they can cluster peers who share common interests. The method enables a peer to And objects of interest from similar neighboring peers efficiently. We evaluate the performance of SW-KSS via simulations. The results show that SW-KSS can achieve both scalability and partial-match look-up capability.
Structures of Feeling

Did sentiment ever go out of style? Certainly, a classic account of literary history made it seem so. According to this once prevailing view, the discourse of sentiment first appeared in the eighteenth century, emerging in the philosophical writing of Lord Shaftesbury and Adam Smith and in the novels of Samuel Richardson, Laurence Sterne, and Henry MacKenzie. Although gently mocked in Jane Austen, its range only expanded alongside the nineteenth-century growth of the novel, reaching the apogee of its influence in the Victorian era, when, especially in the US, it became the province of women writers and a prime vehicle of domestic ideology. By the later third of the nineteenth century, however, the decadence of sentiment finally became too much to ignore and first the realists and then their heirs among the modernists came forth to vilify and dispatch it. As Werner Berthoff explained in his once canonical history The Ferment of Realism (1981), the innovative writing of the Gilded Age and of the Progressive Era sprang “out of professional distaste for a polite literature that was rotten ripe with idealizing sentiment and genteel affectation” (4). Or so it seemed to the generation of modernist critics who laid the foundations for the postwar discipline of English. For several decades now, however, their convictions have been losing credibility. The challenges came especially from feminist scholarship, pioneered by Jane Tompkins, and carried forward by critics and literary historians like Joan Hedrick, Lora Romero, and Karen Sánchez-Eppler. These critics illuminated the depth and interest of nineteenth-century sentimental fiction while also revealing the glib condescension, and the defense of gender hierarchy—the “melodramas of beset manhood,” as Nina Baym memorably put it—underlying the dismissal of sentimental fiction. Revisionist accounts of realism and modernism meanwhile only emphasized the doubtfulness of the antisentimentalists’
Generating statechart designs from scenarios

This paper presents an algorithm for automatically generating UML statecharts from a collection of UML sequence diagrams. Computer support for this transition between requirements and design is important for a successful application of UML's highly iterative, distributed software development process. There are three main issues which must be addressed when generating statecharts from sequence diagrams. Firstly, conflicts arising from the merging of independently developed sequence diagrams must be detected and resolved. Secondly, different sequence diagrams often contain identical or similar behaviors. For a true interleaving of the sequence diagrams, these behaviors must be recognized and merged. Finally, generated statecharts usually are only an approximation of the system and thus must be hand-modified and refined by designers. As such, the generated artifact should be highly structured and readable. In terms of statecharts, this corresponds to the introduction of hierarchy. Our algorithm successfully tackles all three of these aspects and will be illustrated in this paper with a well-known ATM example.
Military Service in the Life Course

AbstractWe review research published in the past 15 years that explores the relationship between military service and the life course, focusing on criminal careers, marital status, lifelong health, and socioeconomic attainment. Throughout the review, we note the extent to which studies find that veterans experienced different outcomes in different historical periods, ranging from World War II to the more recent voluntary armed forces. The effects of military service depend on whether health, criminal, socioeconomic, or marital outcomes are considered. They also depend on the timing and era of service, and veterans’ family background and individual characteristics such as race and delinquency. Nevertheless, the evidence to date suggests one general conclusion: Veterans exposed to combat have suffered worse outcomes than noncombat veterans and than nonveterans. We conclude with suggestions for future research including a tighter integration of the research questions and strategies that have been employed to.
A practical evaluation of joint angle and delay estimation

It has been proposed to jointly estimate the angles and delays of the paths in a multipath channel. It is interesting to investigate how this improves the precision of angle-of-arrival based localization systems. In this paper, we provide measurement results comparing the performance of ESPRIT-based algorithms for joint estimation to angle- and delay-only estimation in a single and a two-path scenario with different number of antennas and with different maximum length sequences as localization signal. It is shown that in the two-path scenario joint estimation provides improved precision compared to angle-only estimation. This holds true even when reducing the number of antennas used for joint estimation to half the number used for angle-only estimation. Within the results for joint estimation the longer sequences perform best. In the single-path scenario both methods perform similar to each other. There is no improvement in the precision of delay estimation in the two-path scenario.
Gate drive level intelligence and current sensing for matrix converter current commutation

This paper is concerned with the process of current commutation in matrix converters. The mechanisms involved in the commutation process are described and practical waveforms are presented. A novel commutation strategy is described that uses gate drive level intelligence in the form of a field-programmable gate array. Current direction is determined using device voltages and, therefore, the measurement problems associated with all other commutation methods are overcome. Practical results from an 18-kW matrix converter induction motor drive are presented.
Tweeting #Palestine: Twitter and the mediation of Palestine

This article is concerned with the relationship between social media and Palestinian politics, focusing specifically on #Palestine. The theoretical background is that of mediation, which understands the relationship as a dialectical one, in which producers/users and contents are part of an ongoing cycle, feeding into, and consequently changing each other. In empirical terms, this article collected and analysed 7557 tweets with the hashtag Palestine. The findings and analysis suggest that the mediation of #Palestine involves the co-construction of a subjective, positioned and emotionally charged #Palestine by a multitude of users, but who are quite similar in their ideological positioning vis-a-vis Palestine. Further, this mediation involves a redistribution of power over the representation of #Palestine from mainstream media that focus on ‘hard’ news to activist, positioned, experience-based and affective news and other content on Palestine.
Concept Dissimilarity with Triangle Inequality

Several researchers have developed properties that ensure compatibility of a concept similarity or dissimilarity measure with the formal semantics of Description Logics. While these authors have highlighted the relevance of the triangle inequality, none of their proposed dissimilarity measures satisfy it. In this work we present a theoretical framework for dissimilarity measures with this property. Our approach is based on concept relaxations, operators that perform stepwise generalizations on concepts. We prove that from any relaxation we can derive a dissimilarity measure that satisfies a number or properties that are important when comparing concepts.
A comparison of the validity of self-report measures amongst people with acquired brain injury: A preliminary study of the usefulness of EuroQol-5D

EuroQol-5D has been used as a means of assessing health service effectiveness. This study examines its validity regarding people with acquired neurological disorders. Fifty-two participants with such disorders were studied. Each person completed the EuroQol-5D and the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-S). In addition, ratings were made by therapists regarding them using a modified version of the EuroQol-5D, DEX-O, and Barthel ADL (Activities of Daily Living) Index. A subsample was followed up and the procedure repeated (mean 10 months later). Results using the DEX support previous research that demonstrated that people with acquired neurological disorders tend to underestimate their difficulties. In contrast, lack of differences between EuroQol-5D ratings made by patients and staff was attributed to a weakness in the scale in that it primarily measures physical difficulties. EuroQol-5D ratings made by staff did not change on repeat assessment, despite several months exposure to neuro-rehabilitation. However, ratings made by patients suggested significant improvement. Although only a small number were followed up, repeat DEX ratings suggested both groups perceived significant improvement regarding cognitive, emotional, and behavioural sequela of brain injury; however, patients persisted in underestimating their extent. It was concluded that failure to capture the rich diversity of difficulties associated with acquired neurological disorders, too narrow a range of ratings available, and reliance on self-report, conspired to undermine the validity of EuroQol-5D. Consequently, its usefulness with this population should be questioned.
Posterior Circulation Stroke: Animal Models and Mechanism of Disease

Posterior circulation stroke refers to the vascular occlusion or bleeding, arising from the vertebrobasilar vasculature of the brain. Clinical studies show that individuals who experience posterior circulation stroke will develop significant brain injury, neurologic dysfunction, or death. Yet the therapeutic needs of this patient subpopulation remain largely unknown. Thus understanding the causative factors and the pathogenesis of brain damage is important, if posterior circulation stroke is to be prevented or treated. Appropriate animal models are necessary to achieve this understanding. This paper critically integrates the neurovascular and pathophysiological features gleaned from posterior circulation stroke animal models into clinical correlations.
Evaluation of Session-Based Recommendation Systems for Social Networks

Tencent Weibo is one of the largest micro-blogging websites in China. There are more than 200 million registered users on Tencent Weibo, generating over 40 million messages each day. Recommending appealing items to users is a mechanism to reduce the risk of information overload. The task of this paper is to predict whether or not a user will follow an item that has been recommended to the user by Tencent Weibo. This paper contains two parts: predicting users' interests and distinguish whether the user is busy or available to browse recommended items. We apply several model based collaborative filtering as well as content-based filtering to capture users' interests. Besides, we built an occupied model to distinguish users' state and combined with recommendations methods as the final result. In the paper, we used session-based hamming loss as performance measure. The hamming loss of recommendation methods were greatly reduced (40%) with occupied model from 0.187 to 0.13.
Parental Expectations About Adapted Physical Education Services

The purpose of this study was to characterize the expectations of parents of children with disabilities regarding adapted physical education services. Participants (N = 10) were parents of children with disabilities. Parents participated in one-on-one semistructured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed through a constant comparative method. Three parental themes emerged from the analysis: (a) importance placed on physical activities, (b) ongoing and frequent communication and collaboration, and (c) teachers’ attributes. The results of this study demonstrated that parents wanted more communication with the adapted physical education teacher, a collaborative working relationship, attendance of the adapted physical education teacher at Individual Education Program meetings, and normalcy for their child.
Diagnostic test accuracy and prevalence inferences based on joint and sequential testing with finite population sampling

The two‐test two‐population model, originally formulated by Hui and Walter, for estimation of test accuracy and prevalence estimation assumes conditionally independent tests, constant accuracy across populations and binomial sampling. The binomial assumption is incorrect if all individuals in a population e.g. child‐care centre, village in Africa, or a cattle herd are sampled or if the sample size is large relative to population size. In this paper, we develop statistical methods for evaluating diagnostic test accuracy and prevalence estimation based on finite sample data in the absence of a gold standard. Moreover, two tests are often applied simultaneously for the purpose of obtaining a ‘joint’ testing strategy that has either higher overall sensitivity or specificity than either of the two tests considered singly. Sequential versions of such strategies are often applied in order to reduce the cost of testing. We thus discuss joint (simultaneous and sequential) testing strategies and inference for them. Using the developed methods, we analyse two real and one simulated data sets, and we compare ‘hypergeometric’ and ‘binomial‐based’ inferences. Our findings indicate that the posterior standard deviations for prevalence (but not sensitivity and specificity) based on finite population sampling tend to be smaller than their counterparts for infinite population sampling. Finally, we make recommendations about how small the sample size should be relative to the population size to warrant use of the binomial model for prevalence estimation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A fast multi-step atom searching in non-lowsignal energy regions for matching pursuits

Recently, a high-efficiency video coding method using matching pursuits has been proposed. An immense number of operations is required for atom searching in matching pursuits, so speed-up of the searching procedure is indispensable. In the present paper, we propose a fast atom searching method for matching pursuits. An atom searching algorithm is based on both the correlation between the high-signal-energy regions and optimal matching points, and the correlation among highly efficient approximating points. As a result, improvement of the computational complexity problem is attained by reducing the number of searching points.
Computing Common Intervals of K Permutations, with Applications to Modular Decomposition of Graphs

We introduce a new way to compute common intervals of K permutations based on a very simple and general notion of generators of common intervals. This formalism leads to simple and efficient algorithms to compute the set of all common intervals of K permutations, that can contain a quadratic number of intervals, as well as a linear space basis of this set of common intervals. Finally, we show how our results on permutations can be used for computing the modular decomposition of graphs in linear time.
The Testing of Hall‘s Permanent Income Hypothesis: A Case Study of Pakistan

The objective of this study is to test the Hall’s permanent income hypothesis for Pakistan using annual data from 1992 to 2010. The basic model of permanent income hypothesis (PIH) showed the validity of absolute income hypothesis (AIH) while the Campbell and Mankiw (1990) consumption model suggested that the proportion of forward looking consumers in total population is 32 percent and the remaining consumers are backward looking. Therefore in Pakistan, there is larger fluctuation in per capita income and small opportunity for consumption smoothing.
Digital campus project: a "dream university" over the Internet Web

This work presents the lifestyle of a "dream university" of the future, digitalized out of a real university campus. This "dream university" is actually a multipurpose digital campus facilitating for a better e-learning environment as the core of the research. It is an elaborate digital campus created with virtual collaborative environment in 3D system in the virtual world where users can learn and experience the campus life of the university while collaborating with other users involved. We propose all the available features that the digital campus can provide and discuss the points that have been proven to be advantageous for the users. Our goal is to create a dream university on the Web so that anybody can participate anytime, anywhere, depending upon his/her needs, removing all the barriers and solving problems involved in the real university.
Testing the Psychometric Properties of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) in Chile Empathy in a Different Cultural Context

The psychometric properties of Davis' (1980) Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) in Chile were assessed. The IRI was applied to a sample of 435 college students. Appropriate internal consistencies and test-retest stability resulted. The instrument's validity was evidenced by the interrelations among the scales, in addition to its correlations in the predicted direction to other related psychological constructs, and sex differences emerged in three of its dimensions. A confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the theoretical structure of the IRI in Chile, and the suitability of both the four-factor model and a second order factor that integrates three of the dimensions . The implications and comparison of the results with other adaptations of the IRI are discussed.
A developmental perspective on decision making in sports

The aim of this narrative review article is to provide a developmental perspective on decision making in sports. Although there is extensive research investigating the influence of decision making on sports performance, research examining how athletes' decision making develops is almost non-existent. We take a developmental perspective to advance our understanding of the theoretical foundations, empirical findings, and practical applications of research on decision making in sports. We provide a framework for understanding choices in sports over the course of ontogenetic development. This framework can be used to guide future research and applications.
Is Religious Service Attendance Declining

Weekend attendance at conventional religious services remains the most common form of social religious action in American society. Debates about secularization, discussions of congregations as sites of political skill-building and mobilization, and research on religion's contributions to stocks of social capital often rely partly on claims about trends in religious service attendance. Yet, existing evidence does not definitively establish whether attendance at religious services declined in American society from the 1950s to the present. We examine the trend in religious service attendance between 1990 and 2006. Evidence from several sources converges on the same answer: weekly attendance at religious services has been stable since 1990. However one reads the evidence about trends between World War II and 1990, the recent past has been a time of stability. This has important implications for theories of religious change.
DP-based wordgraph pruning

We present an efficient technique of generating word graphs in a continuous speech recognition system. The word graph is constructed in two stages. In the first stage, a huge word graph is generated as a by-product of a beam-driven forward search. Based on a dynamic-programming (DP) method, this huge word graph will be pruned in the second stage using higher level knowledge, such as n-gram language models. In this pruning stage an edge is removed if there is no path going through this edge which is better scored as the best-scored path in the word graph. The proposed technique is evaluated in the German VERBMOBIL task.
Anti-TNF-Alpha-Adalimumab Therapy Had Time Lag of Improvement in Synovial Hypertrophy Compared to Rapid Response in Power Doppler Synovial Vascularity

Objectives The quantification of synovitis is of great significance for follow-up in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to validate the use of power Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS) for evaluating synovial vascularity and synovial hypertrophy for synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with adalimumab. Materials and Methods The synovial disease activity and vascularity of RA on both wrists (radio-carpal joint) were assessed using GS and PDUS to derive the composite US scores based on abnormal counts and severity. The relationship between each measure was determined. Results The 71 patients who received adalimumab therapy had significantly decreased DAS28, ESR, and CRP. After one month, PD score decreased and then remained low for 12 months. Synovial hypertrophy did not change until 3–6 months after, when it started to improve (p = 0.017). By multivariate analysis, sex, age, BMI, and DAS28 did not lead to any difference between synovial hypertrophy and PDUS changes (p = 0.498). Discussion Composite US markers of synovial hypertrophy correlate significantly to the DAS28 score and ESR/CRP in adult RA. The time needed for synovial hypertrophy to decrease may be up to 3–6 months after adalimumab therapy. Switching to biological therapy before 3–6 months is inappropriate and ineffective.
Late Reverberant Spectral Variance Estimation Based on a Statistical Model

In speech communication systems the received microphone signals are degraded by room reverberation and ambient noise that decrease the fidelity and intelligibility of the desired speaker. Reverberant speech can be separated into two components, viz. early speech and late reverberant speech. Recently, various algorithms have been developed to suppress late reverberant speech. One of the main challenges is to develop an estimator for the so-called late reverberant spectral variance (LRSV) which is required by most of these algorithms. In this letter a statistical reverberation model is proposed that takes the energy contribution of the direct-path into account. This model is then used to derive a more general LRSV estimator, which in a particular case reduces to an existing LRSV estimator. Experimental results show that the developed estimator is advantageous in case the source-microphone distance is smaller than the critical distance.