Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Carrier Sensing-Based Medium Access Control Protocol for WLANs Exploiting Successive Interference Cancellation

In this paper, we propose a carrier sensing-based medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless local area networks (WLANs) for exploiting successive interference cancellation (SIC). We then develop an analytical model to compute the total throughput of a WLAN under the proposed MAC protocol in the presence of path loss, Rayleigh fading, and log-normal shadowing and validate the model via simulation. By means of the analytical model and simulation results, we compare the performance of a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) MAC protocol and the proposed MAC protocol in utilizing the opportunities from SIC. We find that the proposed MAC protocol effectively utilizes the opportunities of SIC and significantly improves throughput compared with the CSMA MAC protocol. We also investigate the effect of some of the parameters of network and wireless channel on the performance of SIC.
Analysis of novel angiotensin‐I‐converting enzyme inhibitory peptides from protease‐hydrolyzed marine shrimp Acetes chinensis

Acetes chinensis is an underutilized shrimp species thriving in the Bo Hai Gulf of China. In a previous study, we had used the protease from Bacillus sp. SM98011 to digest this kind of shrimp and found that the oligopeptide‐enriched hydrolysate possessed antioxidant activity and high angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.97 mg/ml. In this paper, by ultrafiltration, gel permeation chromatography and reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC), five peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity were purified from the shrimp hydrolysates and their sequences were identified by amino acid composition analysis and molecular weight (MW) analysis. Three of them, FCVLRP (a), IFVPAF (f) and KPPETV (j), were novel ACE inhibitory peptides. Their IC50 values were 12.3 µM, 3.4 µM and 24.1 µM, respectively, and their recoveries were 30 mg/100 g (solid basis of shrimp), 19 mg/100 g and 33 mg/100 g, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots for the three novel peptides showed that they are all competitive inhibitors. To test the ACE inhibitory activity of peptide a, f, j after they were digested by digestive enzymes in vivo, 12 derived peptides from FCVLRP and IFVPAF were synthesized based on their amino acid sequences and the cleavage sites of digestive enzymes. No digestive enzyme cleavage site was found in KPPETV. The IC50 values of the derived peptides were determined and the result showed that except for VPAF, FC and FCVL, the ACE inhibitory activity of the other nine derived peptides did not significantly change when compared with their original peptides. Surprisingly, five peptides had lower IC50 values than their original peptides, particularly for RP (IC50 value = 0.39 µM), which is about 30 times lower than its original peptide and almost the lowest IC50 value for ACE inhibitory peptides reported. Therefore, the novel peptides identified from A. chinensis hydrolysates probably still maintain a high ACE inhibitory activity even if they are digested in vivo. This is the first report about novel ACE inhibitory peptides from hydrolysates of marine shrimp A. chinensis. The novel peptides from hydrolysate of A. chinensis and some of their derived peptides with high ACE inhibitory activity probably have potential in the treatment of hypertension or in clinical nutrition. Copyright © 2006 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimal Charging Operation of Battery Swapping and Charging Stations With QoS Guarantee

Motivated by the urgent demand for the electric vehicle (EV) fast refueling technologies, battery swapping and charging stations (BSCSs) are envisioned as a promising solution to provide timely EV refueling services. However, inappropriate battery charging operation in BSCSs cannot only incur unnecessary high charging cost but also threaten the reliability of the power grid. In this paper, we aim at obtaining an optimal charging operation policy for a single BSCS to minimize its charging cost while ensuring its quality-of-service. Leveraging the novel queueing network model, we propose to formulate the charging operation problem as a constrained Markov decision process and derive the optimal policy by the standard Lagrangian method and dynamic programming. To avoid the curse of dimensionality in practical large-scale systems, we further analyze the structure of the optimal policy and transform the dynamic programming procedure into an equivalent threshold optimization problem with a discrete separable convex objective function. Numerical results validate our theoretical analysis and the computational efficiency of our proposed algorithms. This paper also shows the impact of the system parameters (e.g., numbers of batteries and chargers) on the average cost under the optimal charging policy, which gives rich insights into the infrastructure planning of future BSCS networks.
Implicación de p110δ PI3K en la distribución de las células estromales de los órganos linfoides secundarios y de p110γ PI3K en la proliferación de los macrófagos en las lesiones ateroscleróticas

Las fosfatidilinositol 3-quinasas (PI3K) son una familia de enzimas que, tras la estimulacion de receptores con actividad tirosina-quinasa o activacion de receptores acoplados a proteinas G, generan fosfoinositidos fosforilados en las membranas de las celulas. Esta clase I de PI3K se constituye de heterodimeros formados por una subunidad catalitica y otra reguladora y comprende las clases IA y IB. Tras su activacion, las PI3K generan fosfatidilinositol-3, 4, 5-trifosfato, un segundo mensajero implicado en numerosos procesos celulares como la proliferacion, la migracion, la diferenciacion o la supervivencia. Estudiamos el papel especifico de dos subunidades cataliticas de PI3K, p110delta (miembro de clase IA de PI3K) y p110gamma (perteneciente a la clase IB) en la funcion inmune, especificamente en las celulas estromales de los organos linfoides secundarios para p110delta, y en la aterosclerosis como patologia inflamatoria para p110gamma. En la primera parte de este estudio, analizamos la implicacion de la actividad catalitica de p110delta en la distribucion de celulas inmunes y estromales de los organos linfoides secundarios, centrandonos en el bazo, donde los defectos estructurales son mas evidentes. Tambien estudiamos la expresion de p110delta en las poblaciones estromales de los organos linfoides secundarios. Mostramos que la falta de actividad catalitica de p110delta provoca alteraciones severas en la distribucion de las celulas estromales de la zona de celulas T de los organos linfoides secundarios, siendo estas mas pronunciadas en el bazo. Tambien describimos la expresion de p110delta en las celulas estromales gp38+ del bazo y de los nodulos linfaticos. En la segunda parte del estudio, analizamos la funcion de p110gamma en el desarrollo de la aterosclerosis, centrandonos en su importancia en la apoptosis y la proliferacion y polarizacion de los macrofagos en las lesiones, lo que contribuye al mantenimiento y la progresion de las lesiones. Mostramos que la falta de p110gamma causa una reduccion en la proliferacion de los macrofagos en las lesiones, probablemente a traves de un mecanismo que implica la degradacion defectuosa del AMP ciclico, lo que provoca una parada del ciclo celular en los macrofagos. Sin embargo, no encontramos un papel de p110gamma en la proliferacion de las celulas T en las lesiones, en la apoptosis o en la polarizacion de los macrofagos hacia los fenotipos M1 y M2.
Genetic differentiation and phylogeographical structure of the Brachionus calyciflorus complex in eastern China

Spatio‐temporal patterns and processes of genetic differentiation in passively dispersing zooplankton are drawing much attention from both ecologists and evolutionary biologists. Two opposite phylogeographical scenarios have already been demonstrated in rotifers, which consist of high levels of genetic differentiation among populations even on small geographical scales on the one hand and the traditionally known cosmopolitanism that is associated with high levels of gene flow and long‐distance dispersal via diapausing stages on the other hand. Here, we analysed the population genetic structure and the phylogeography of the Brachionus calyciflorus species complex in eastern China. By screening a total of 318 individuals from ten locations along a 2320‐km gradient and analysing samples from two growing seasons, we aimed at focusing on both small‐ and large‐scale patterns. We identified eight cryptic species and verified species status of two of these by sexual reproduction tests. Samples in summer and winter yielded different cryptic species. The distribution patterns of these genetically distinct cryptic species were diverse across eastern China, from full cosmopolitanism to local endemism. The two most abundant cryptic species BcWIII and BcSW showed a pattern of strong genetic differentiation among populations and no significant isolation by distance. Long‐distance colonization, secondary contact and recent range expansion are probably responsible for the indistinct pattern of isolation by distance. Our results suggest that geographical distance is more important than temporal segregation across seasons in explaining population differentiation and the occurrence of cryptic species. We explain the current phylogeographical structure in the B. calyciflorus species complex by a combination of recent population expansion, restricted gene flow, priority effects and long‐distance colonization.
Constructing yeast genetic interaction network using biomedical literature and logistic regression

Various computational algorithms have been developed for constructing the genetic networks and by using text mining. The rapid growth in the biomedical literature, however, still encourages the importance of improving these algorithms for a better understanding of the protein/gene biochemical interactions. This paper proposes a text mining system that constructs a gene-gene-interaction network for the yeast genome by identifying the co-occurrence frequency of the genes in the biomedical text. The system determines connected genes based on their appearance in several levels of the text (i.e. abstract and sentence). This paper highlights the importance of recognizing the sparsity of biomedical data when designing a text mining prediction system. It does so by employing a rare event classification model that reflects the population using small samples of data. The results show that this method has the potential of improving the prediction accuracy for gene-gene-interactions.
Real-time simulation of hybrid microgrid for islanding detection analysis

This paper investigates passive islanding detection methods in hybrid microgrid having both rotating machine and converter-based distributed energy units (DEUs). The converter control schemes of distributed energy units are simulated using Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Frequency, voltage, phase jump detection and active power based passive islanding techniques are analyzed and compared with sequence component based techniques to improve the accuracy during power imbalance situations. A hybrid micro grid system is simulated using Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS). Several test cases are generated to examine the performance of the passive islanding detection methods.
An ultra wideband communication channel model for the human abdominal region

Long-term implantable devices communicating with receivers in the outer human body through a wireless interface are one of the most prominent applications of micro/nano-technology in medicine. Ultra wideband (UWB) interfaces have great potential for the communication links of these telemedicine applications due to their inherent low power consumption, high transmission rates, and simple electronics. Novel implant medical sensors and actuators operate in the abdomen at different depths, which makes an "abdominal" channel model essential for the proper design of the UWB communication interfaces of said devices. This paper presents a statistical model for the propagation of a UWB pulse through the abdominal region in the 1–6 GHz frequency band. For the development of this statistical model, numerical electromagnetic (EM) simulations were conducted using a digital anatomical model that includes the dielectric properties of human tissues; using this EM simulator, the channel responses of many in-body probes were computed. Based on the statistical analysis of the obtained data, we provide the mathematical expressions to calculate the path loss and shadowing at depths between 10–150 mm inside the abdomen. In addition, the channel impulse response (CIR) can be reproduced using a set of statistical formulas also provided. Our proposed model approximates very well the abdominal in-body channel properties, thereby eliminating the need for time-consuming and complex numerical simulations.
Nursing in Times of Neoliberal Change: An Ethnographic Study of Nurses’ Experiences of Work Intensification

Through an ethnographic study of nurses’ experiences of work intensification, this article shows how nurses respond to and act upon neoliberal transformations of work. The article identifies and explores those transformations considered by the informants, nurses working in public sector hospital wards, as central to changing conditions of work and experiences of work intensifications. It further analyzes nurses’ responses toward these transformations and locates these responses within a particular form of femininity evolving from rationalities of care, nurses’ conditions within the organization, and classed and gendered experiences of care work. The article illustrates that in times of neoliberal change and public sector resource depletion, nurses respond to women’s traditional caring responsibilities as well as to professional commitments and cover for the organization. Maintaining the level of frontline service is contingent on increased exploitation and performance control of ward nurses, and their ability and willingness to sacrifice their own time and health for the sake of their patients. The article argues that in the case of ward nurses in the Swedish public sector, work intensification is a multilayered process propelled by three intersecting forces: austerity ideology linked to the neoliberal transformation of the welfare state and public sector retrenchment; explicit care rationalities impelled by aspirations of the nursing profession to establish, render visible, and expand the nursing field both in relation to the medical profession and in relation to so-called unskilled care work performed by assistant nurses and auxiliaries; and the progressive aspect of New Public Management, which challenges the power and authority of the professions and contributes to strengthening the positions of clients and patients.
Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli

The functions of the putative cadaverine transport protein CadB were studied in Escherichia coli. CadB had both cadaverine uptake activity, dependent on proton motive force, and cadaverine excretion activity, acting as a cadaverine‐lysine antiporter. The Km values for uptake and excretion of cadaverine were 20.8 and 303 µM respectively. Both cadaverine uptake and cadaverine‐lysine antiporter activities of CadB were functional in cells. Cell growth of a polyamine‐requiring mutant was stimulated slightly at neutral pH by the cadaverine uptake activity and greatly at acidic pH by the cadaverine‐lysine antiporter activity. At acidic pH, the operon containing cadB and cadA, encoding lysine decarboxylase, was induced in the presence of lysine. This caused neutralization of the extracellular medium and made possible the production of CO2 and cadaverine and aminopropylcadaverine instead of putrescine and spermidine. The induction of the cadBA operon also generated a proton motive force. When the cadBA operon was not induced, the expression of the speF–potE operon, encoding inducible ornithine decarboxylase and a putrescine‐ornithine antiporter, was increased. The results indicate that the cadBA operon plays important roles in cellular regulation at acidic pH.
Self-Control and the Theory of Consumption 1

To study the behavior of agents who are susceptible to temptation in infinite horizon consumption problems under uncertainty, we define and characterize dynamic self-control (DSC) preferences. DSC preferences are recursive and separable. In economies with DSC agents, equilibria exist but may be inefficient; in such equilibria, steady state consumption is independent of initial endowments and increases in self-control. Increasing the preference for commitment while keeping self-control constant increases the equity premium. Removing non-binding constraints changes equilibrium allocations and prices. Debt contracts can be sustained even if the only feasible punishment for default is the termination of the contract.
Communication over a Gilbert-Elliot Channel with an Energy Harvesting Transmitter

Communication over a wireless point-to-point link, exhibiting time correlated behavior, is studied for an energy harvesting (EH) transmitter. At the beginning of the time slot, the EH transmitter, without knowing the realization of the current channel state, has three possible actions: i) deferring the transmission to save its energy for future use, ii) transmitting at a low rate of R1 bits with guaranteed successful delivery of the message iii) transmitting at a high rate rate of R2 bits, and iv) sensing the channel to reveal the channel state by consuming a portion of its energy and transmission time, followed by transmission at a reduced rate consuming the remainder of the energy unit, if the channel is in the good state. We aim to maximize the total expected discounted number of bits transmitted over an infinite time horizon. This problem can be formulated as a partially observable Markov decision process (MDP) which is then converted to an ordinary MDP by introducing a belief on the channel state, and the optimal policy is shown to exhibit a threshold behavior on the belief state, with battery-dependent threshold values. Optimal threshold values and corresponding optimal performance are characterized through numerical simulations and it is shown that having the sensing action and intelligently using it to track the channel state improves the achievable long-term throughput significantly.
Relationship of environmental relative humidity with North Atlantic tropical cyclone intensity and intensification rate

Quantifying the relationship of large‐scale environmental conditions such as relative humidity with hurricane intensity and intensity change is important for statistical hurricane intensity forecasts. Our composite analysis of 9 years of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) humidity data spanning 198 Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) shows that environmental relative humidity (ERH) above the boundary layer generally decreases with time as TCs evolve. Near the surface, ERH stays approximately constant. ERH generally increases with increasing TC intensity and intensification rate. Rapidly intensifying TCs are associated with free tropospheric ERH more than 10% (relative to the averaged ERH for all TCs) larger than that for weakening TCs. Substantial azimuthal asymmetry in ERH is also found, especially for the TCs attaining the highest intensities and largest intensification rates at distances greater than 400 km away from the TC center. In the front‐right quadrant relative to TC motion, rapid intensification is associated with a sharp gradient of ERH in the upper troposphere, with a decrease from the near to the far environment between 400 hPa and 300 hPa. The ERH gradient weakens with the decrease of intensification rate. This radial ERH gradient might be a useful predictor for the statistical forecast of TC intensification.
Vector control of very-high-speed PM machines

Although demand for very-high-speed machines is steadily growing, closed-loop control of such machines is rarely reported in literature. Field-oriented control of high speed machines meets a number of challenges: strong cross-coupling between orthogonal components of the voltage and current vectors, great variation of machine parameters during operation, an exceptionally negative influence of a delay and dead-time on the control stability and a short switching period available for the execution of the digital control. This paper gives rigorous representation of a control system with a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine in the rotating reference system. Two different methods of decoupling the current control are analyzed; especially, the effects of parameter variation and delay in the control loop are taken into account. The paper uses the development of a vector controller for a high-speed micro-turbine generator as a test case.
A Text Categorization Method Based on Local Document Frequency

In this paper, a fast and effective text categorization method named TCBLDF is proposed. TCBLDF barely needs dimensionality reduction except a stop words removal and a document frequency based feature selection. It tries to capture the relationship between a term and a category label, thus eliminates the need to know the semantic contribution of a term makes to a document it occurs in. TCBLDF use a measure to evaluate the importance of each term for the categorization task, and then gives different weights to them according to the importance evaluations. By doing so, we can make important terms affect more when making classification decision. At last we compare the method to two conventional classification methods, a Naive Bayesian learning and a linear SVM learning method. Experimental results show that TCBLDF is faster than SVM with a comparable performance and more effective than Naive Bayes, thus can be a good alternative to these methods.
Back propagation neural network based modeling of multi-response of an electrical discharge machining process

This work attempts to model the electrical discharge machining (EDM) process using artificial neural network (ANN) with back propagation as the learning algorithm. The three most important parameters, namely, material removal rate (MRR), tool wear and surface roughness have been considered as a measure of the process performance. A large number of experiments have been carried out over a wide range of machining conditions to study the effect of input parameters on the machining performance. The experimental data is used for the training and verification of the model. Testing results demonstrate that the model is suitable for predicting the response parameters accurately.
AFOSR ' TR . 0 1 oo 4 Ln BOOTSTRAPPING THE KALMAN FILTER

The bootstrap is proposed as a method for estimating the precision of forecasts and estimates of parameters of the Kalman Filter model. It is shown that when the system and the filter is in steady state the bootstrap applied to the Gaussian innovations yields asymptotically consistent standard errors. That the bootstrap works well with moderate sample sizes and supplies robustness against departures from normality is substantiated by emperical evidence.
Auditory representations and the structures of GP 2.0

This paper presents a proposal for the implementation of auditory specification within structures inspired by GP 2.0 (Kaye-Pochtrager 2009). In the theory, constituent structure itself is a phonetic object built down from Onset structure. This strategy allows for a faithful representation of the acoustic signal and an insightful model of consonant strength and coda formation. Perceptual considerations suggest that a privative approach to auditory representation can account for phonological behavior, as well as enable us to form testable hypotheses for experimental phonetic study.