Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia.

IMPORTANCE Epidemiologic data on dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson disease dementia (PDD) remain limited in the United States and worldwide. These data are essential to guide research and clinical or public health interventions. OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of DLB among residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, and compare it with the incidence of PDD. DESIGN The medical records linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project was used to identify all persons who developed parkinsonism and, in particular, DLB or PDD from 1991 through 2005 (15 years). A movement disorders specialist reviewed the complete medical records of each suspected patient to confirm the diagnosis. SETTING Olmsted County, Minnesota, from 1991 through 2005 (15 years). PARTICIPANTS All the residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, who gave authorization for medical record research. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of DLB and PDD. RESULTS Among 542 incident cases of parkinsonism, 64 had DLB and 46 had PDD. The incidence rate of DLB was 3.5 per 100,000 person-years overall, and it increased steeply with age. The incidence of PDD was 2.5 overall and also increased steeply with age. The incidence rate of DLB and PDD combined was 5.9. Patients with DLB were younger at onset of symptoms than patients with PDD and had more hallucinations and cognitive fluctuations. Men had a higher incidence of DLB than women across the age spectrum. The pathology was consistent with the clinical diagnosis in 24 of 31 patients (77.4%) who underwent autopsy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The overall incidence rate of DLB is lower than the rate of Parkinson disease. The incidence of DLB increases steeply with age and is markedly higher in men. This men to women difference may suggest different etiologic mechanisms. Our findings may guide health care planning and prompt new studies.
Isoreticular MOFs as efficient photocatalysts with tunable band gap: an operando FTIR study of the photoinduced oxidation of propylene.

Photo frame(work): The first spectroscopic evidence of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) acting as photocatalysts has been obtained. Isoreticular MOFs act as efficient photocatalysts in the photooxidation of propylene. The band gap energy can be tuned by changing the organic linker. Among the MOFs tested, the 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid based IRMOF was the most active, showing a higher activity than ZnO.
Regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase in Bacillus subtilis

The activity of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase in Bacillus subtilis was influenced by the carbon source, but not the nitrogen source, in the growth medium. The highest specific activity for this enzyme was found when B. subtilis was grown in a minimal or rich medium that contained glutamate as the carbon source. It is proposed that glutamate dehydrogenase serves a catabolic function in the metabolism of glutamate, is induced by glutamate, and is subject to catabolite repression.
Family factors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and emotional disorders in children

Few well-controlled studies have identified psychosocial profiles of families of boys with ADHD and boys with emotional disorders compared with normal controls. However, the clinical and theoretical literature pinpoints four domains in which distinctive profiles would be expected to occur. In this study, twenty-two mothers and thirteen fathers of twentytwo boys with ADHD; twenty mothers and fifteen fathers of twenty boys with a mood or anxiety disorder; and twenty-six mothers and sixteen fathers of twenty-seven normal controls were compared on: (1) stress, support and quality of life; (2) current family functioning; (3) parenting style and satisfaction in the family of origin and current family; and (4) current and past parental functioning. The two clinical groups showed higher levels of stress and lower levels of both social support and quality of life than did normal controls. Both clinical groups showed deficits in current family functioning, but contrary to expectations the ADHD and emotional disorder group did not show distinctly different profiles. Parents of ADHD children reported higher levels of authoritarian parenting styles, and parents from both clinical groups reported less parenting satisfaction than did normal controls in both their current families and their families of origin. Parents of children with ADHD and emotional disorders reported greater parenting satisfaction in their families of origin than in their current families. This discrepancy was greatest for parents of ADHD children. Parents of children with ADHD
The effect of ambient scent on moviegoers’ behavior

Atmospheres influence behavior, create a positive image, and influence consumer purchasing patterns and retail perceptions. Nonetheless, the physical environment is a potential source of competitive advantage, though neglected more often than not. In particular, research on the effects of aroma as an independent variable in natural settings is very limited and requires further research. A sample of 407 moviegoers participated in a “natural experiment” in a cinema complex, using scented and unscented conditions. Findings show that scent produces significant positive differences in the evaluation of the theater, its environment, and on intention to return. No significant differences are found in the evaluations of concession products sold, despite the fact that spectators in scented rooms considered product prices to be significantly cheaper than did spectators in unscented rooms. A major implication of this study is that scent significantly affects emotional reactions to atmospheres. Retailers can thus improve environments to create enjoyable experiences and positively influence consumer responses. Classification- JEL:
The Robustness of Mispricing Results in Experimental Asset Markets

Many experiments have been conducted on market mispricing, however there is a distinct lack of guidance over how mispricing should be measured. This raises concerns about the sensitivity of mispricing results to variations in the measurement procedure. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of previous results with respect to four variations: the choice of interval length, the use of the bid-ask spread as a price proxy, the choice of aggregation function, and controlling for observable market characteristics. While a majority of previous results are unaffected, roughly 30% do change significance.
Fusing Acoustic Feature Representations for Computational Paralinguistics Tasks

The field of Computational Paralinguistics is rapidly growing and is of interest in various application domains ranging from biomedical engineering to forensics. The INTERSPEECH ComParE challenge series has a field-leading role, introducing novel problems with a common benchmark protocol for comparability. In this work, we tackle all three ComParE 2016 Challenge corpora (Native Language, Sincerity and Deception) benefiting from multi-level normalization on features followed by fast and robust kernel learning methods. Moreover, we employ computer vision inspired low level descriptor representation methods such as the Fisher vector encoding. After nonlinear preprocessing, obtained Fisher vectors are kernelized and mapped to target variables by classifiers based on Kernel Extreme Learning Machines and Partial Least Squares regression. We finally combine predictions of models trained on popularly used functional based descriptor encoding (openSMILE features) with those obtained from the Fisher vector encoding. In the preliminary experiments, our approach has significantly outperformed the baseline systems for Native Language and Sincerity sub-challenges both in the development and test sets.
Traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage treated with intraventricular recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator: technical case report.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Traumatic intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) can result in association with acute obstructive hydrocephalus, repetitive malfunction of external ventricular drains (EVDs), and uncontrollable increased intracranial pressure. We report a case showing the safe and effective use of intraventricular recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator in a child with severe brain injury and acute hydrocephalus from IVH. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 15-year-old male patient presented to us after a motor vehicle accident with bilateral extensor posturing, intracerebral and IVH, and acute obstructive hydrocephalus. INTERVENTION A right EVD was placed and functioned only transiently. A left EVD was placed and functioned only transiently. Because of the inability to maintain ventricular drainage, rising intracranial pressure, and worsening clinical status, 5 mg of recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator was injected through each EVD. Excellent EVD function was obtained quickly, with control of intracranial pressure and improvement in clinical status and without hemorrhagic complication. CONCLUSION With obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to acute traumatic IVH that cannot be controlled with EVD because of recurrent obstruction from intraventricular blood, intraventricular recombinant-tissue plasminogen activator can be effective and safe, despite preexisting multiple hemorrhagic intracranial injuries.
An Online Consumer Purchase Decision Cycle

This chapter presents the overall consumer purchase decision cycle and investigates the issues that affect Web users from e-shop selection to product delivery and final assessment of the shopping experience. This process has been divided into three successive stages: outside the e-shop, inside the e-shop, and after sales. Each stage is analyzed on the basis of customer states and transition conditions, while special focus is set on IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING This chapter appears in the book, Advances in Electronic Marketing edited by Irvine Clarke III and Theresa B. Flaherty © 2005, Idea Group Inc. 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Suite 200, Hershey PA 17033-1240, USA Tel: 717/533-8845; Fax 717/533-8661; URL-http://www.idea-group.com ITB10977
Antidepressants and Sexual Dysfunction: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Abstract Introduction: Depression is one of the more prevalent mental disorders in the United States, with estimates as high as 6.7% of Americans affected annually. Consequently, antidepressant use in the United States is also widespread. Both depression and its treatments are associated with sexual dysfunction (SD) in men and women, including orgasm and arousal problems, hypoactive sexual desire, premature ejaculation, erectile difficulties, and dyspareunia. Sexual dysfunction is frequently cited as a reason for nonadherence or discontinuation of treatment for depression. Aim: The objective of our review is to aid physicians, including primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and urologists/gynecologists, in the multidisciplinary approach to treating patients with SD and depression. Methods: Our review focuses on articles published within the last 10 years on SD and depression in adults, with an emphasis on the relationship of treatments for depression on SD. Summary: Different classes of antidepressants vary in their ability to cause sexual side effects. Results: Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) is associated with SD. Use of other antidepressants, such as bupropion, mirtazapine, nefazodone, and vilazodone, have been associated with less SD compared with SSRIs; furthermore, some of the mentioned antidepressants have been used in the treatment of SD induced by SSRIs and SNRIs.
Assessment of Pasteurella multocida A Lipopolysaccharide, as an Adhesin in an In Vitro Model of Rabbit Respiratory Epithelium

The role of the P. multocida lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a putative adhesin during the early stages of infection with this bacterium in the respiratory epithelium of rabbits was investigated. By light microscopy and double enzyme labeling of nasal septa tissues, the amount of bacteria attached to the respiratory epithelium and the amount of LPS present in goblet cells at different experimental times were estimated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and LPS labeling with colloidal gold particles were also used to determine the exact location of LPS in the cells. Septa that were challenged with LPS of P. multocida and 30 minutes later with P. multocida showed more adherent bacteria and more severe lesions than the other treatments. Free LPS was observed in the lumen of the nasal septum, forming bilamellar structures and adhering to the cilia, microvilli, cytoplasmic membrane, and cytoplasm of epithelial ciliated and goblet cells. The above findings suggest that P. multocida LPS plays an important role in the process of bacterial adhesion and that it has the ability of being internalized into host cells.
A comparison of two tests for the assessment of blood pressure responses to sodium.

In order to assess the congruity of two different methods for the characterization of blood pressure responsivity to alterations in sodium and extracellular fluid volume balance, we studied 40 normotensive and hypertensive humans. All subjects were initially studied with a protocol of rapid sodium and volume expansion induced by intravenous administration of 0.9% saline (2 L over 4 h) followed by a day of sodium and volume depletion achieved by a low (10 mmol) sodium diet and three 40 mg oral doses of furosemide. Subsequently the subjects underwent a dietary protocol consisting of 5 days of a high (> or = 200 mmol/da) sodium diet followed by 7 days of a low (< or = 15 mmol/day) sodium diet. Blood pressure measurements as well as urinary sodium, potassium, and creatinine excretion measurements were made daily in both studies. A significant (P < .01) correlation was observed between the blood pressure responses to the separate techniques in the same individual. However, not all subjects responded in a similar qualitative fashion to the two maneuvers. The discrepancy was more frequent among subjects having a salt-resistant response to the rapid protocol. The renin response to sodium and volume depletion induced by the low sodium diet and furosemide correlated significantly (P < .001) with the subsequent blood pressure response to the low sodium diet. Subjects defined as salt-sensitive differed from the salt-resistant group by more sluggish renal adaptation to dietary sodium restriction. These findings demonstrate the congruity of two different approaches for the assessment of salt responsivity of blood pressure in humans. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sensitization to dust mites as a dominant risk factor for asthma among adolescents living in central Virginia. Multiple regression analysis of a population-based study.

Factors influencing asthma were investigated in a population of school children in central Virginia. A survey of 1,054 children in two middle schools (one urban and one suburban) identified 135 students with symptoms suggestive of asthma. Eighty-eight symptomatic children and 123 control subjects were randomly selected for further evaluation by skin testing using common indoor and outdoor allergens; serum assays for total IgE and specific IgE; dust samples assayed for mite (Der p 1 Der f 1), cat (Fel d 1), and cockroach (Bla g 2) allergens; and provocation with histamine to test for bronchial hyperreactivity. Forty-eight of the children with symptoms responded to < or = 3.9 mumol of histamine and were considered to have asthma. Marginal analysis identified elevated total IgE and dust mite, cat, and cockroach sensitization as significant risk factors for asthma. Using multiple regression, only dust mite sensitization was independently associated with asthma (odds ratio = 6.6; p < 0.0001). Dust from 81% of the houses contained high levels of mite allergen (> 2 micrograms/g), while approximately 40% of the children were exposed to cat and 17% were exposed to cockroach allergen. In this population, there was no significant association between asthma and race, socioeconomic status, home smoking, sensitization to outdoor allergens, or allergen concentration in the child's home. In an area where there is a high prevalence of asthma and most houses contain high concentrations of dust mite allergen, sensitization to this allergen is the dominant risk factor for asthma defined as symptomatic bronchial hyperreactivity
Muscle unloading potentiates the effects of acetyl‐L‐carnitine on the slow oxidative muscle phenotype

The effect of acetyl‐L‐carnitine (ALCAR) supplementation to 3‐month‐old rats in normal‐loading and unloading conditions has been here investigated by a combined morphological, biochemical and transcriptional approach to test whether ALCAR might cause a remodeling of the metabolic/contractile phenotype of soleus muscle. Morphological assessment demonstrated an increase of type I oxidative fiber content and cross‐sectional area in ALCAR‐treated animals both in normal‐loading and in unloading conditions. ALCAR prevented loss of mitochondrial mass in unloaded animals whereas no ALCAR‐dependent increase of mitochondrial mass occurred in normal‐loaded muscle. Validated microarray analysis delineated an ALCAR‐induced maintenance of a slow‐oxidative expression program only in unloaded soleus muscle. Indeed, the muscle adjustment of the expression profile of factors underlying mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, protein turnover, fiber type differentiation and an adaptation of voltage‐gated ion channel expression was distinguishable with respect to the loading status. This selectivity may suggest a key role of muscle loading status in the manifestation of ALCAR effects. The results extend to a broader level of biological informations the previous notion on ALCAR positive effect in rat soleus muscle during unloading and point to a role of ALCAR for the maintenance of its slow‐oxidative fiber character.
How disruptive can Smart Beta be to the South African Active Fund Management Fraternity?

ABSTRACT This research paper explores the theme of Smart Beta and the current state of inefficiency of active fund fee structures in South African domestic equity unit trusts. The emerging understanding is that many of the latent sources of value-add (or alpha) of active fund managers are currently accessible in cheaper form via Smart Beta products. Smart Beta products use mechanical and automated rules to establish exposures to tradeable instruments that emulate many of the understood and replicable themes in current active asset management. We sample 91 well-known general equity funds along with nine local Smart Beta funds and demonstrate how disruptive Smart Beta products could be to the fee structures of many of these active funds. We do this by mapping the reproducible elements of the active return of these funds to fungible Smart Beta factors. We conclude with five broad predictions around the active fund management industry in South Africa. Additionally, we focus on how active managers might prudently align themselves with an understanding of what aspects of their value-add are not replicable in order to persist and thrive.
Quantitative motion analysis for non-contact affective and neurocognitive assessment

Qualitative motion analysis with motion magnification techniques opened a new dimension to videos by revealing imperceptible information hidden in small movements. Those movements can contain information on neurocognitive and affective states and thus could be a novel source of information during driving or neurocognitive experiments, complementing secondary sensors in the respective setup.
Evaluation of the role of mast cells in the progression of acetic acid-induced colitis in mice.

BACKGROUND Mast cells are widely distributed in the gastrointestinal mucosa. However, their role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remains unsettled. The aim of the present study is to clarify the relative importance of mast cells in the progression of acetic acid-induced colitis in mice. METHODS Mast cell-deficient W/Wv and their normal littermate +/+ mice were given intrarectal administration of 5% acetic acid. The severity of colonic damage, the number of mast cells, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the colonic tissues were examined. RESULTS The severity of colonic damage was comparable between W/Wv and +/+ mice. In both groups of animals kinetic changes of the severity of the mucosal damage agreed well with that of MPO activities in the colonic mucosa. Pretreatment with a mast cell stabilizer, ketotifen, did not affect the severity of colitis in +/+ mice. CONCLUSIONS These results discount, but do not disprove, the role of mast cells in the progression of acetic acid-induced colitis in mice.
A hybrid SQUID gradiometer with 3-dimensional thin-film pick-up coils fabricated using an excimer laser

A compact hybrid superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) gradiometer consisting of a coaxial pick-up coil with a superconducting Nb thin-film and a square double-washer dc-SQUID is developed. To make the pick-up coils, a 3-dimensional thin-film patterning technique is developed using an excimer laser. The gradiometer operates with flux locked loop electronics, a low-noise amplifier, and a high-speed (1 MHz) phase-sensitive detector. This gradiometer is sensitive to levels as low as 9 fT//spl radic/Hz. <<ETX>>
Current-Carrying Characteristics of Conductive Microfiber Electrical Contact for High Frequencies and Current Amplitudes: Theory and Applications

Rings made from millions of conductive microfibers, if designed properly, have shown to be a good electrical contact for applications that require high frequencies and high current amplitudes while minimizing the problems of excessive wear and hot-spotting/thermal wear commonly encountered with conventional sliding contacts. In this paper, we describe the current-carrying characteristics of such rings for high frequencies up to several megahertz and large current amplitudes of several tens of amperes. We develop the theory to understand these characteristics, and thus the ring design, and support and illustrate the theoretical findings with experimental results.
PALE CRESS binds to plastid RNAs and facilitates the biogenesis of the 50S ribosomal subunit

The plant-specific PALE CRESS (PAC) protein has previously been shown to be essential for photoautotrophic growth. Here we further investigated the molecular function of the PAC protein. PAC localizes to plastid nucleoids and forms large proteinaceous and RNA-containing megadalton complexes. It co-immunoprecipitates with a specific subset of chloroplast RNAs including psbK-psbI, ndhF, ndhD, and 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), as demonstrated by RNA immunoprecipitation in combination with high throughput RNA sequencing (RIP-seq) analyses. Furthermore, it co-migrates with premature 50S ribosomal particles and specifically binds to 23S rRNA in vitro. This coincides with severely reduced levels of 23S rRNA in pac leading to translational deficiencies and related alterations of plastid transcript patterns and abundance similar to plants treated with the translation inhibitor lincomycin. Thus, we conclude that deficiency in plastid ribosomes accounts for the pac phenotype. Moreover, the absence or reduction of PAC levels in the corresponding mutants induces structural changes of the 23S rRNA, as demonstrated by in vivo RNA structure probing. Our results indicate that PAC binds to the 23S rRNA to promote the biogenesis of the 50S subunit.