Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliable Patient Monitoring: A Clinical Study in a Step-down Hospital Unit

This paper presents the design, deployment, and empirical study of a wireless clinical monitoring system that collects pulse and oxygen saturation readings from patients. The primary contribution of this paper is an in-depth clinical trial that assesses the feasibility of wireless sensor networks for patient monitoring in general (non-ICU) hospital units. The trial involved 32 patients monitored in a step-down cardiology unit at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis. During a total of 31 days of monitoring, the network achieved high reliability (median 99.92%, range 95.21% 100%). The overall reliability of the system was dominated by sensing reliability (median 80.55%, range 0.38% 97.69%) of the pulse oximeters. Sensing failures usually occurred in short bursts, although long bursts were also present and were caused by the sensor disconnections. We show that the sensing reliability could be significantly improved through oversampling and by implementing a disconnection alarm system that incurs minimal intervention cost. Our results also indicate that the system provided sufficient resolution to support the detection of clinical deterioration in two patients who were transferred to the ICU. The results show the feasibility of using wireless sensor networks for patient monitoring and may guide future research. We also report lessons learned from the deployment in the clinical environments with patient users. Type of Report: Other Department of Computer Science & Engineering Washington University in St. Louis Campus Box 1045 St. Louis, MO 63130 ph: (314) 935-6160 Reliable Patient Monitoring: A Clinical Study in a Step-down Hospital Unit Octav Chipara1, Chenyang Lu1, Thomas C. Bailey2, Gruia-Catalin Roman1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis {ochipara, lu, roman}@cse.wustl. edu tbailey@dom.wustl. edu
QueueSense: Collaborative recognition of queuing on mobile phones

Nowadays people spend a substantial amount of time waiting in different places such as supermarkets and amusement parks. Detecting the status of queuing may benefit both users and business. In this paper, we present QueueSense, a queuing recognition system on mobile phones to assist in a queue management system. QueueSense extracts features of queuing behavior and classifies queueing via collaboration among people waiting in line. It measures the disparity of people in different lines using relative position changing rate and partitions different queues using a hierarchical clustering approach. We implement a prototype of QueueSense on Android platforms using widely available multi-modal sensors and it is the first queue detection system on mobile phones. We conduct real-world experiments at a dining hall and a supermarket near a university campus. Through implementation and evaluation, we demonstrate that QueueSense is capable of detecting waiting lines that occur in our daily lives with high accuracy.
[3H]Propyl β‐Carboline‐3‐Carboxylate as a Selective Radioligand for the BZ1 Benzodiazepine Receptor Subclass

Abstract: Ethyl β‐carboline‐β‐carboxylate (β‐CCE) is a mixed‐type inhibitor of [3H]flunitrazepam ([3H]FNM) binding to benzodiazepine receptors in noncerebellar regions of rat brain. These findings may represent the presence of either receptor multiplicity or negative cooperativity among benzodiazepine receptors. [3H]Propyl β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate ([3H]PrCC) has previously been shown to bind specifically to benzodiazepine receptors of rat cerebellum. In the present study we found no indication of the presence of true negative cooperativity among benzodiazepine receptors when [3H]PrCC was used as radioligand. However, we observed that [3H]PrCC labelled only 57% of [3H]FNM binding sites in rat hippocampus (Bmax values) and 71% in rat cerebral cortex, whereas the number of receptors labelled by both ligands was equal in the cerebellum. Hofstee analyses of the shallow inhibition curves seen in hippocampus and cerebral cortex when [3H]FNM binding was inhibited by β‐CCE indicate that β‐CCE and some other β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate derivatives interact preferentially with a subclass of receptors, and that the percentage of this subclass is equivalent to the number of receptors labelled by [3H]PrCC. We conclude that [3H]PrCC at low concentration (0.3–0.4 × 10‐9 M) labels a subclass of benzodiazepine receptors, BZ1, while another class, BZ2 receptors, are not labelled by [3H]PrCC when filtration assays are used. By parallel determinations of the proportion between [3H]FNM and [3H]PrCC binding we calculated the percentage of BZ1 receptors in several regions of rat, guinea pig and calf brain and in mouse forebrain. The values ranged from approximately 50% in hippocampus to 90% in the guinea pig pons.
Online Mixture of Univariate Linear Regression Models for Adaptive Soft Sensors

This paper proposes a mixture of univariate linear regression models (MULRM) to be applied in time-varying scenarios, and its application to soft sensor problems. Offline and online solutions of MULRM will be obtained using the Expectation-Maximization Algorithm. A forgetting factor will be introduced in the online solution to discount the information of already learned data, so that it can be applied in time varying settings. The solution of the proposed method allows its online and recursive application in any regression problem, without the necessity of storing any past value of data. The recursive solution of the MULRM will then be applied in two time-varying real-world prediction problems. The proposed method is compared with four state of art algorithms. In all the experiments, the proposed method always exhibits the best prediction performance.
The Network of Brain Areas Involved in the Motion Aftereffect

A network of brain areas is expected to be involved in supporting the motion aftereffect. The most active components of this network were determined by means of an fMRI study of nine subjects exposed to a visual stimulus of moving bars producing the effect. Across the subjects, common areas were identified during various stages of the effect, as well as networks of areas specific to a single stage. In addition to the well-known motion-sensitive area MT the prefrontal brain areas BA44 and 47 and the cingulate gyrus, as well as posterior sites such as BA37 and BA40, were important components during the period of the motion aftereffect experience. They appear to be involved in control circuitry for selecting which of a number of processing styles is appropriate. The experimental fMRI results of the activation levels and their time courses for the various areas are explored. Correlation analysis shows that there are effectively two separate and weakly coupled networks involved in the total process. Implications of the results for awareness of the effect itself are briefly considered in the final discussion.
Nonspecific Enhancement of Resistance to Bacterial Infection: Evidence of an Effect Supplemental to Antibiotics

Experiments have been undertaken to further characterize the actions of the synthetic immunoadjuvant compound, muramyl dipeptide (MDP), in an animal model simulating surgical infection. When used prophylactically in combination with antibiotics, MDP proved to be significantly additive in terms of local and systemic effects, and survival, to both chloramphenicol (p < 0.01) and cephaloridine (p < 0.05). The combined use of MDP and cephaloridine therapy, initiated four or six hours following infectious challenge and including a surgical foreign body in starved and refed animals, showed statistically significant decreases in bacteremia during early time periods, as well as increased early survival (p < 0.02), compared with the use of cephaloridine alone. Benefits observed in the therapeutic mode were of lesser magnitude than those observed following prophylactic use, but the model used was a much more significant physiologic challenge. Evidence indicating additive effects to those of antibiotics is essential prior to the use of MDP in clinical trials.
Similarity, Relevance, and the Comparison Process

According to Goodman (1972), two things are similar only if they possess relevant common properties. The relevance of properties, however, can vary with the context and with the goals of the person making the comparison. As a result, similarity is a highly unstable relation, and therefore difficult to use as a base from which to explain other processes, such as analogy, induction, categorization, and metaphor. A recent attempt by Gentner and her colleagues to explain the operations of the comparison process in analogy may run across some of these difficulties. In particular, her structure-mapping theory (Gentner, 1983, 1989; Gentner & Markman, 1997) does not explain how the relevant features are accessed during the early stages of the comparison process. Moreover, progress on this problem will not be made until we have a solution to a more general problem--the problem of explaining how people manage to bring relevant information to bear in the processing of new information.
Utilization of compliance‐gaining strategies: A research note

This study examined the use of compliance‐gaining strategies among a group of environmentalists. Respondents were asked how likely they would be to use each of 16 strategies in one of 12 different situations. Results indicated that prosocial strategies were used more often than anti‐social strategies across all situations. The level of moral development of the audience significantly influenced the use of altruism as a compliance‐gaining strategy. Overall, however, positive and negative expertise were selected for use more often than other strategies.
Speech Unit Selection Based on Matching Pursuit

This paper introduces a new method based on Matching Pursuit for speech unit selection. We used the Matching Pursuit transform parameters with a comparison algorithm to find the best match for a selected unit in a Text-To-Speech system based on concatenation. We chose Gabor atoms. Also Wigner-Ville distribution implemented for the time-frequency presentation of the transform and we used image processing approach to compare these time-frequency presentations of the acoustic units. On a database of 42 units 92% accuracy was obtained.
Building Large Collections of Chinese and English Medical Terms from Semi-Structured and Encyclopedia Websites

To build large collections of medical terms from semi-structured information sources (e.g. tables, lists, etc.) and encyclopedia sites on the web. The terms are classified into the three semantic categories, Medical Problems, Medications, and Medical Tests, which were used in i2b2 challenge tasks. We developed two systems, one for Chinese and another for English terms. The two systems share the same methodology and use the same software with minimum language dependent parts. We produced large collections of terms by exploiting billions of semi-structured information sources and encyclopedia sites on the Web. The standard performance metric of recall (R) is extended to three different types of Recall to take the surface variability of terms into consideration. They are Surface Recall (), Object Recall (), and Surface Head recall (). We use two test sets for Chinese. For English, we use a collection of terms in the 2010 i2b2 text. Two collections of terms, one for English and the other for Chinese, have been created. The terms in these collections are classified as either of Medical Problems, Medications, or Medical Tests in the i2b2 challenge tasks. The English collection contains 49,249 (Problems), 89,591 (Medications) and 25,107 (Tests) terms, while the Chinese one contains 66,780 (Problems), 101,025 (Medications), and 15,032 (Tests) terms. The proposed method of constructing a large collection of medical terms is both efficient and effective, and, most of all, independent of language. The collections will be made publicly available.
Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation in the Very Elderly

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes after cochlear implantation (CI) in the elderly population, with a particular emphasis on perioperative complications, dizziness, and speech perception outcomes. Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of elderly cochlear implant patients. Setting: Tertiary referral center (Cochlear Implant Clinic, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne). Patients: All patients aged 75 and above at the time of first cochlear implant (N = 150). Comparison was made between groups aged 85+ to 80–84, and 75–79. Interventions: All patients received Nucleus devices (either CI512 or CI24RE(CA)). Main Outcome Measures: Speech recognition scores both pre- and postimplantation, symptomatic dizziness and effects upon independent living after surgery, and the incidence of perioperative medical and surgical complications. Complications were classified as major (intrinsic device failure, device migration, extracochlear insertion, meningitis, surgical site infection requiring reoperation, wound breakdown, permanent facial nerve paralysis) and minor (tinnitus, transient facial nerve palsy, facial nerve stimulation, taste disturbance, delayed wound healing). Results: All three cohorts had poor preoperative speech perception. There was significant improvement in postoperative word scores at 3 and 12 months across all groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the three cohorts in terms of speech recognition outcomes at 3 and 12 months. After surgery, more than 20% of patients at all ages experienced transient imbalance, although the incidence did not differ significantly between age groups (p = 0.71). In total, there were 13 major complications in 7 patients (4.7%), and 28 minor complications in 25 patients (16.7%). Conclusion: Postoperative disequilibrium was commonly observed in this elderly population, yet patients still benefited with improved speech perception after cochlear implantation. Elderly patients can benefit from cochlear implantation, and age should not be a limitation for CI surgery. Cochlear implantation can be done safely and provides significant patient benefits.
Evaluation of Error Control Mechanisms for 802.11b Multicast Transmissions

This article first presents several packet loss profiles collected during 802.11b multicast transmissions carried out under variable reception conditions (mobile and fixed receivers). Then, an original approach consisting in mapping a posteriori some error control mechanisms over these observations is presented. This approach allows to evaluate the performance of these mechanisms according to their parameters and various channel properties. It is shown in particular that relatively simple mechanisms based on retransmissions and/or error correcting codes of small length achieve very good performance in this context (92% of the best performance).
Preparation of Genomic DNA from Mammalian Tissue

There are a number of different procedures for the preparation of genomic DNA. They all start with some form of cell lysis, followed by deproteinization and recovery of DNA. The main differences between various approaches lie in the extent of deproteinization and in molecular weight of the DNA produced. The isolation procedure described here is relatively brief and relies on the powerful proteolytic activity of proteinase K combined with the denaturing ability of the ionic detergent SDS.
A Novel Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna for Worldwide UHF Band RFID Reader Applications

This paper presents the novel design of a wideband circularly polarized (CP) Radio Frequency Identiflcation (RFID) reader microstrip patch antenna for worldwide Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band which covers 840{960MHz. The proposed antenna, which consists of a microstrip patch with truncated corners and a cross slot, is placed on a foam substrate ("r = 1:06) above a ground plane and is fed through vias through ground plane holes that extend from the quadrature 3dB branch line hybrid coupler placed below the ground plane. This helps to separate feed network radiation, from the patch antenna and keeping the CP purity. The prototype antenna was fabricated with a total size of 225 £ 250 £ 12:8mm 3 which shows a measured impedance matching band of 840{1150MHz (31.2%) as well as measured rotating linear based circularly polarized radiation patterns. The simulated and measured 3dB Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth is better than 23% from 840{1050MHz meeting and exceeding the target worldwide RFID UHF band.
Paralimbic cortical thickness in first-episode depression: evidence for trait-related differences in mood regulation.

OBJECTIVE Impaired mood regulation is a key deficit of major depressive disorder that is primarily mediated by an interaction between the paralimbic cortex (i.e., orbitofrontal, cingulate, insular, parahippocampal, and temporopolar cortices) and limbic regions. The authors investigated whether depressed patients and healthy comparison subjects have differences in cortical thickness in the paralimbic cortex and whether potential differences are evident only during a depressive state or are trait related. METHOD Forty patients with a first episode of major depressive disorder participated: 20 medication-naive currently depressed patients and 20 medication-free recovered patients. The patients and 31 matched healthy comparison subjects underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Group differences in mean cortical thickness of the paralimbic cortex were measured by using FreeSurfer software, with adjustment for age, sex, and intracranial volume, and subgroup analyses were performed to assess state and trait effects. RESULTS The medial orbitofrontal cortex was thinner in the depressed patients than in the comparison subjects. Greater thickness was present in the temporal pole and the caudal anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. All changes were trait related. CONCLUSIONS The data provide evidence that even early in the course of depression brain regions involved in mood regulation show trait-related differences in cortical thickness.
Rate of force application during knee arthrometer testing affects stiffness but not displacement measurements.

STUDY DESIGN Repeated-measures counterbalanced design. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of rate of force application on anterior tibial displacement and anterior tibial stiffness when measured with the KT-2000 knee arthrometer. BACKGROUND Clinicians and researchers frequently use the KT-2000 to quantify anterior tibial displacement and stiffness. While many factors (ie, tibial rotation, alignment of the arthrometer, etc) have been identified to affect KT-2000 measurements, the effect of the rate of force application has not been studied. METHODS AND MEASURES Seventeen recreationally active males between the ages of 19 and 36 years (mean age +/- SD, 27.8 +/- 5.3 years) with no previous history of knee injury participated. With the knee in 25 degrees of flexion, the KT-2000 was applied to the participants' anterior tibia. While the distal femur was stabilized, the first author applied a posterior-to-anterior force at a fast and slow rate. Three trials for the slow and fast rates of force application were averaged and used for statistical analysis. Anterior tibial displacement (mm) was measured at 133 N and the related anterior tibial stiffness (N/mm) values were calculated between 89 and 133 N. Separate paired t tests with Bonferroni adjustment were used to determine if differences in displacement and stiffness between rates of force application were present. RESULTS Stiffness was significantly greater in the slow (mean +/- SD, 58 +/- 22 N/mm) as compared to the fast trials (mean +/- SD, 47 +/- 19 N/mm) (P = .005). Differences in displacement, however, were small and not significant (P = .132) between the slow (mean +/- SD, 3.9 +/- 1.5 mm) and fast (mean +/- SD, 4.0 +/- 1.6 mm) trials. CONCLUSION The rate of force application affects anterior tibial stiffness but not anterior tibial displacement when measured with the KT-2000. This suggests that to ensure reliable results when using the KT-2000, the rate of force application must be controlled when measuring stiffness between 89 and 133 N, but not when measuring anterior tibial displacement at 133 N.
A Look Back at Anger: the Women's Liberation Movement in 1978

The British Women's Liberation Movement (WLM) has received scarce attention from historians, though many women have published first‐hand accounts. These accounts are usually from a socialist feminist perspective, which tends to silence or disparage revolutionary feminist actions and ideas. Archival and oral history research on the WLM's last National Conference in Birmingham in 1978 illuminates how such a perspective is partial and in need of revision. The conference witnessed bitter disagreements, with the final plenary session degenerating into chaos as women debated the merits of resolutions relating to sexuality and violence against women. This article reconstructs the events leading up to the plenary, and interrogates the often implicit but rarely explicit notion that a particular group of revolutionary feminists was responsible for the breakdown of the Conference, and with it, the WLM as a political force.
Quest for the best non-cognitive predictor of academic achievement

This is a review of five studies that reported new empirical data relevant for the predictability gradient hypothesis. This hypothesis is focused on within-person psychological variables typically collected in background questionnaires that examine the role of non-cognitive influences on students’ academic achievement. Broad measures of maladjustment and motivation/goal orientation have the lowest correlations with achievement. Measures of confidence, on the other hand, have the highest predictive validity. The other self-beliefs measures are in the middle, although they can also be ordered from lower (self-concept) through medium (academic anxiety) to high (self-efficacy) levels of predictability.
Analgesic Effect of Intrathecal Ginsenosides in a Murine Bone Cancer Pain

Background Bone cancer pain has a disruptive effect on the cancer patient's quality of life. Although ginsenosides have been used as traditional medicine in Eastern Medicine, the effect on bone cancer pain has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to determine whether ginsenosides may alter the bone cancer pain at the spinal level. Methods NCTC 2472 tumor cells (2.5 × 105) were injected into the femur of adult male C3H/HeJ mice to evoke bone tumor and bone cancer pain. To develop bone tumor, radiologic pictures were obtained. To assess pain, the withdrawal threshold was measured by applying a von Frey filament to the tumor cells inoculation site. The effect of intrathecal ginsenosides was investigated. Effect of ginsenosides (150, 500, 1,000 µg) was examined at 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min after intrathecal delivery. Results The intrafemoral injection of NCTC 2472 tumor cells induced a radiological bone tumor. The withdrawal threshold with tumor development was significantly decreased compared to the sham animals. Intrathecal ginsenosides effectively increased the withdrawal threshold in the bone cancer site. Conclusions NCTC 2472 tumor cells injection into the mice femur caused bone tumor and bone cancer pain. Intrathecal ginsenosides attenuated the bone cancer-related pain behavior. Therefore, spinal ginsenosides may be an alternative analgesic for treating bone cancer pain.