Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quetiapine demonstrates good tolerability and is associated with improvements in extrapyramidal symptoms in patients with schizophrenia switched from other antipsychotics: results of a naturalistic study

Objectives. Compared with conventional agents, atypical antipsychotics such as quetiapine (Seroquel®; AstraZeneca) show improved tolerability and a lower liability to cause extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). In the routine treatment of schizophrenia, it is usual practice to consider a change of medication when the current treatment is ineffective or poorly tolerated, although few studies are available to guide clinicians. This paper reports the results from the Seroquel Method. Patient Evaluation on Changing Treatment Relative to Usual Medication (SPECTRUM) trial, a 12-week, open-label, noncomparative study that evaluated clinical benefit and tolerability of switching patients with schizophrenia from their existing antipsychotic to quetiapine. Patients were switched because of intolerance to, or lack of efficacy with, their previous antipsychotic. Quetiapine was titrated to 400 mg/day over 7 days, then dosed flexibly up to 750 mg/day over the remaining weeks (mean modal dose 505 mg/day). Results. In the overall population of 506 evaluable patients, quetiapine was well tolerated, with a low incidence of adverse events and minimal requirement for anticholinergic medication. Significant improvements in EPS, including parkinsonism and akathisia, were observed, irrespective of reason for switching, although greatest improvements were observed in patients switching because of EPS. Conclusions. This study provides further evidence for the utility and tolerability of quetiapine, in patients with schizophrenia who had been switched from a previous antipsychotic, following problems with efficacy or tolerability.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder and beyond: an overview of rodent stress models

Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder of high prevalence and major socioeconomic impact. Patients suffering from PTSD typically present intrusion and avoidance symptoms and alterations in arousal, mood and cognition that last for more than 1 month. Animal models are an indispensable tool to investigate underlying pathophysiological pathways and, in particular, the complex interplay of neuroendocrine, genetic and environmental factors that may be responsible for PTSD induction. Since the 1960s, numerous stress paradigms in rodents have been developed, based largely on Seligman's seminal formulation of ‘learned helplessness’ in canines. Rodent stress models make use of physiological or psychological stressors such as foot shock, underwater trauma, social defeat, early life stress or predator‐based stress. Apart from the brief exposure to an acute stressor, chronic stress models combining a succession of different stressors for a period of several weeks have also been developed. Chronic stress models in rats and mice may elicit characteristic PTSD‐like symptoms alongside, more broadly, depressive‐like behaviours. In this review, the major existing rodent models of PTSD are reviewed in terms of validity, advantages and limitations; moreover, significant results and implications for future research—such as the role of FKBP5, a mediator of the glucocorticoid stress response and promising target for therapeutic interventions—are discussed.
Successful Silver Impregnation of Degenerating Axons after Long Survivals in the Human Brain

Degenerating axons in the human brain were successfully impregnated with reduced silver methods. The appearance of degenerating fibers did not differ markedly with survival times of three weeks and two, six, and twelve years following cerebral infarction or contusion of the brain. Impregnated fibers were found only along the appropriate corticofugal pathways. Electron microscopic examination of Vibratome-cut, silver-stained sections demonstrated silver deposition almost exclusively within axon fragments. Previous studies using anterograde degeneration methods in the human brain have limited their choice of cases to those with short periods of survival. Relaxing the restriction of short survival times extends the range of cases which can be used to study neural connections which may be unique to, or different in, the human brain.
Politiques et outils de planification territoriale sur l'insécurité urbaine en Italie : le cas du plan stratégique de l'aire métropolitaine de Bari

Cette these propose une etude de l’evolution des politiques et des outils d’amenagementdu territoire sur l’insecurite urbaine, a l’aune du cas du Plan Strategique Metropole Terrede Bari (PSMTB), qui comprend 31 communes de la Region Pouilles, en Italie.L’insecurite constitue une question cruciale pour les villes. L’unsafety, qui inclue desaspects de la marginalite urbaine, n’est pas sans renvoyer au systeme des perceptionsindividuelles et collectives. Si dans le passe l’Etat etait le garant de la securite, leprocessus de globalisation et les pousses a decentralisation en ont considerablement reduitle role. Des annees 1990, les Maires italiens, bien que depourvus de « pouvoirs »effectifs, sont consideres comme les responsables de la securite locale. Dans d’autres paysont ete elabores des outils de « prevention », qui sont peu utilises en Italie, mais quisollicitent pour autant une evaluation critique. Alors que les solutions visant l’insecuriteurbaine ne produisent que de modestes resultats, les banlieues en quete d’identite sontl’objet de politiques d’inclusivite sociale, qui se declinent par des outils d’amenagementaxes sur la requalification et la regeneration urbaines, d’une part. D’autre part, laplanification strategique se refere a une echelle metropolitaine denommee Area Vasta. Sibien le PSMTB a inclus la question de la securite, a l’egard d’un territoire ou le role de lacriminalite est devenu envahissant, sa mise en place a fait recours a des financementscommunautaires, lesquels d’apres nous en ont penalise ses aboutissements. Notrehypothese est que le PSMTB, n’a pas une projectualite strategique et est une occasionmanquee pour la realisation d’un plan de la securite urbaine de l’aire metropolitaine deBari.
Aspects of k-k routing in meshes and OTIS networks

Aspects of k-k Routing in Meshes and OTIS-Networks Abstract Efficient data transport in parallel computers build on sparse interconnection networks is crucial for their performance. A basic transport problem in such a computer is the k-k routing problem. In this thesis, aspects of the k-k routing problem on r-dimensional meshes and OTIS-G networks are discussed. The first oblivious routing algorithms for these networks are presented that solve the k-k routing problem in an asymptotically optimal running time and a constant buffer size. Furthermore, other aspects of the k-k routing problem for OTIS-G networks are analysed. In particular, lower bounds for the problem based on the diameter and bisection width of OTIS-G networks are given, and the k-k sorting problem on the OTIS-Mesh is considered. Based on OTIS-G networks, a new class of networks, called Extended OTIS-G networks, is introduced, which have smaller diameters than OTIS-G networks.
Logic BIST Architecture for System-Level Test and Diagnosis

This paper describes the logic built-in self-test (BIST) architecture for test and diagnosis of ASIC devices at the system level. The proposed architecture supports the at speed staggered launch-on-capture clocking scheme and includes novel features to further increase the device’s defect coverage, place-and-route ability, ease of debug and diagnosis, and reduce test power consumption. These features include equivalent clock merging for routing considerations, programmable shift modes for overheat considerations, configurable capture modes for yield loss and IR-drop considerations, as well as BIST signature diagnosis, masked-chain diagnosis, and one-chain diagnosis at the system level. Experimental results have successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using the proposed features for system-level test and diagnosis.
The new mature red cell parameter, low haemoglobin density of the Beckman‐Coulter LH750: clinical utility in the diagnosis of iron deficiency

The percentage of hypochromic red cells (%Hypo) is a diagnostic tool that has been used with biochemical markers to diagnose iron disturbances and is incorporated to National Kidney Foundation KDOQI guidelines for monitoring recombinant human erythropoietin therapy. %Hypo measurement has been restricted to analysers manufactured by Siemens. Low haemoglobin density (LHD%), a new parameter provided by Beckman‐Coulter, is derived from the traditional mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), using the mathematical sigmoid transformation This study aimed to establish LHD% values in the normal population and in different types of anaemia, to investigate its clinical usefulness in the study of iron status and its correlation with %Hypo. Samples from 449 patients [120 healthy individuals, 86 iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), 102 chronic kidney disease, 58 anaemia of chronic disease and 83 β‐thalassaemia carriers] were run sequentially on the LH 750 (Beckman‐Coulter) and Advia 2120 (Siemens) analysers. The reliability of LHD% as a marker of iron deficiency was evaluated on a group of 152 consecutive patients with IDA. Good correlation was observed between %Hypo and LHD%, r2 = 0.869. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for LHD% and the diagnosis of iron deficiency was: cut‐off point 4.0%; area under the curve 0.976; sensitivity 95.2%; specificity 93.3%. There was a good level of agreement between LHD% and %Hypo. Both are suitable parameters for determining iron status and its availability for erythropoiesis, with the same clinical significance.
Design and Synthesis of Some Substituted 1H‐Pyrazolyl‐oxazolidines or 1H‐Pyrazolyl‐thiazolidines as Anti‐inflammatory‐Antimicrobial Agents

Four series of 1 H‐pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized. The first series was synthesized starting with the reaction of 3‐(5‐bromo‐2‐thienyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1 H‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxaldehyde 1 with L‐serine, L‐cysteine, or L‐penicillamine, followed by N‐protection using (Boc)2O to provide compounds 2. The latter compounds could be N‐deprotected by 4N HCl/dioxane to afford the second series 3 orreactedwith NH4OH in the presence of DCC/HOBt to give the corresponding amides 4 followed by N‐deprotection giving rise to compounds 5. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory‐antimicrobial activities. In addition, the ulcerogenic and acute toxicity profiles were determined. Compound 5b (2RS, 4R)‐2‐[3‐(5‐bromo‐2‐thienyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl]‐5‐methylthiazolidine‐4‐carboxamide, proved to be the most active anti‐inflammatory‐antimicrobial agent in the present study with a good safety margine and no ulcerogenic effect.
Unsuccessful treatment of four patients with acute graft-vs-host disease after liver transplantation.

AIM To investigate appropriate therapeutic strategies for graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) following liver transplantation. METHODS Four patients who developed GVHD after liver transplantation in West China Hospital were included in this study. Therapeutic strategies with augmentation or withdrawal of immunosuppressants combined with supportive therapy were investigated in these patients. In addition, a literature review of patients who developed GVHD after liver transplantation was performed. RESULTS Although a transient response to initial treatment was detected, all four patients died of complications from GVHD: one from sepsis with multiple organ failure, one from gastrointestinal bleeding, and the other two from sepsis with gastrointestinal bleeding. Few consensuses for the treatment of GVHD after liver transplantation have been reached. CONCLUSION New and effective treatments are required for GVHD after liver transplantation to improve the prognosis of patients with this diagnosis.
Genetic Architecture of NaCl Tolerance in Arabidopsis1

The little success of breeding approaches toward the improvement of salt tolerance in crop species is thought to be attributable to the quantitative nature of most, if not all the processes implicated. Hence, the identification of some of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that contribute to natural variation in salt tolerance should be instrumental in eventually manipulating the perception of salinity and the corresponding responses. A good choice to reach this goal is the plant model system Arabidopsis, whose complete genome sequence is now available. Aiming to analyze natural variability in salt tolerance, we have compared the ability of 102 wild-type races (named ecotypes or accessions) of Arabidopsis to germinate on 250 mm NaCl, finding a wide range of variation among them. Accessions displaying extremely different responses to NaCl were intercrossed, and the phenotypes found in their F2progenies suggested that natural variation in NaCl tolerance during germination was under polygenic controls. Genetic distances calculated on the basis of variations in repeat number at 22 microsatellites, were analyzed in a group of either extremely salt-tolerant or extremely salt-sensitive accessions. We found that most but not all accessions with similar responses to NaCl are phylogenetically related. NaCl tolerance was also studied in 100 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between the Columbia-4 and Landsberg erectaaccessions. We detected 11 QTL harboring naturally occurring alleles that contribute to natural variation in NaCl tolerance in Arabidopsis, six at the germination and five at the vegetative growth stages, respectively. At least five of these QTL are likely to represent loci not yet described by their relationship with salt stress.
Involvement of the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascade in hepatocellular carcinoma

The mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is activated in response to various extracellular stimuli. The authors investigated the involvement of the p38 MAPK, a member of the MAPK superfamily, cascade in hepatoma cell lines and in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue specimens.
Urea-Mercaptoethanol-Soluble Protein from Spores of Bacillus thuringiensis and Other Species

Treatment with urea-mercaptoethanol of purified spores of Bacillus thuringiensis, other Bacillus species, and Clostridium roseum solubilizes a protein fraction between 5 and 12% of the dry weight of the spores. This fraction behaves identically to the crystal protein of B. thuringiensis on acrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The protein from all of the Bacillus species shows partial homology with crystal protein, using the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion technique. A further fraction, similar in amount, can be removed from spores of B. thuringiensis by the addition of sodium lauryl sulfate to the urea-mercaptoethanol. Spores of B. thuringiensis extracted in these ways show no difference when compared to untreated spores with respect to viability or resistance to heat and ultraviolet-irradiation. The extracted spores do show differences in their germination requirements and their susceptibility to phase-darkening by lysozyme. It is concluded that an urea-mercaptoethanol-soluble protein or class of protein is a widespread component of bacterial spores, possibly located in the spore coat, and that this protein may be related to the crystal protein of B. thuringiensis.
MICRO-SEISMICITY , FAULT STRUCTURE AND HYDRAULIC COMPARTMENTALIZATION WITHIN THE COSO GETHERMAL FIELD , CALIFORNIA

High precision earthquake locations and subsurface velocity structure provide potential insights into fracture system geometry, fluid conduits and fluid compartmentalization critical to geothermal reservoir management. We analyze 16 years of seismicity to improve hypocentral locations and simultaneously invert for the seismic velocity structure within the Coso Geothermal Field (CGF). The CGF has been continuously operated since the 1980's and is separated into two main compartments: the main field and the east flank. These compartments are at higher temperatures than the immediate surroundings. We find that relocated seismicity in the main field is shallower than in the east flank and occurs at the same depths as the injection and production wells, while the east flank seismicity extends about 1 km below the injection and production wells and is occurring almost exclusively in regions of high temperature. In the east flank, many of the earthquakes appear to align along planar features, suggesting through-going, pre-existing faults that may act as conduits for fluid and heat transport. The seismic velocity structure is heterogeneous, with compressional wave speed (Vp) generally lower in the main field when compared to the east flank and shear wave speed (Vs) varying more significantly in the shallow portions of the reservoir. The Vp/Vs ratio appears to outline the two main compartments of the reservoir, with a narrow zone of relatively high Vp/Vs separating the main field from the east flank. In the deeper portion of the reservoir this zone becomes less prominent. Several factors influence Vp/Vs ratios in geothermal systems including temperature, fracture geometry/density, and fluid saturation or pore pressure. Comparison of the distribution of Vp/Vs ratios with a temperature model generated from well logs reveals a first-order correlation between regions of low Vp/Vs ratio and high temperature. However, there is a better correlation between the distribution of productioninduced microseismicity and Vp/Vs ratio, especially where high seismicity density occurs within the regions of high temperature, suggesting that these low Vp/Vs ratios most likely result from changes in fluid saturation or pore pressure.
Disability, caregiver’s dependency and patterns of access to rehabilitation care: results from a national representative study in Peru

Abstract Purpose: To determine the prevalence of disability in Peru, explore dependency on caregiver’s assistance and assess access to rehabilitation care. Method: Data from Disability National Survey (ENEDIS), including urban and rural areas, were analyzed. Disability was defined as a permanent limitation on movement, vision, communication, hearing, learning/remembering or social relationships. Dependency was defined as the self-reported need for a caregiver to help with daily activities; and access to rehabilitation care was defined as the self-report of any therapy for disabilities. Estimates and projections were calculated using sample strata, primary sampling units and population weights, and prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95%CI were reported. Results: From 798 308 people screened, 37 524 (5.1%; 95%CI 4.9--5.2%) had at least one disability. A total of 37 117 were included in further analysis, mean age 57.8 (SD ± 24.1) years, 52.1% women. Dependency was self-reported by 14 980 (40.5%; 95%CI: 39.2–41.9%) individuals with disabilities. A family member, usually female, was identified as a caregiver in 94.3% (95%CI: 93.3–95.3%) of dependent participants. Only 2881 (10.7%; 95%CI: 9.7–11.9%) of people with disabilities reported access to rehabilitation care. Major inequality patterns of disability burden versus access to rehabilitation care were observed by age and education level. Older age groups had higher disability burden yet lower chances of access to rehabilitation care. Conversely, the higher the education level, the lesser the overall disability burden but also the higher chances of reporting receiving care. Private healthcare insurance doubled the probability of having access to rehabilitation compared with those without insurance. Conclusions: Approximately 1.6 million Peruvians have at least one disability, and 40% of them require assistance with daily activities. Informal caregiving, likely female and relative-provided, is highly common. Rehabilitation care access is low and inequitable. Our results signal a major need to implement strategies to guarantee the highest standard of health care for people with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation Major inequality patterns in terms of burden of disability versus access to rehabilitation care were observed: those groups who concentrate more disability reported receiving less rehabilitation care. Caregiving is mostly informal and provided by a direct relative, mainly a woman, who resigned to their usual activities in order to help care for the person with disability. As a result, there is a need to develop appropriate support and training for caregivers. Access to care services in Peru is low and inequitable, but especially for people with disabilities: they experience greater barriers when accessing healthcare services even in the case of having health insurance.
Mitigation of Azimuth Ambiguities in Spaceborne Stripmap SAR Images Using Selective Restoration

A novel framework is proposed for mitigating azimuth ambiguities in spaceborne stripmap synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The azimuth ambiguities in SAR images are localized by using a local mean SAR image, SAR system parameters, and a defined metric derived from azimuth antenna pattern. The defined metric helps isolate targets lying at locations of ambiguities. The mechanism for restoration of ambiguity regions is selected on the basis of size of ambiguity regions. A compressive imaging technique is employed to restore isolated ambiguity regions (smaller regions of interconnected pixels), whereas clustered regions (relatively bigger regions of interconnected pixels) are filled by using exemplar-based inpainting. The simulation results on a real TerraSAR-X data set demonstrated that the proposed scheme can effectively remove azimuth ambiguities and enhance SAR image quality.
The N‐terminal region of the dopamine D2 receptor, a rhodopsin‐like GPCR, regulates correct integration into the plasma membrane and endocytic routes

Functional roles of the N‐terminal region of rhodopsin‐like GPCR family remain unclear. Using dopamine D2 and D3 receptors as a model system, we probed the roles of the N‐terminal region in the signalling, intracellular trafficking of receptor proteins, and explored the critical factors that determine the functionality of the N‐terminal region.
Multilead ECG Delineation Using Spatially Projected Leads From Wavelet Transform Loops

In this paper, a novel multilead (ML) based automatic strategy for delineation of ECG boundaries is proposed and evaluated with respect to the QRS and T-wave boundaries. The ML strategy is designed from a single-lead (SL) wavelet-transform-based delineation system. It departs from three orthogonal leads and takes advantage of the spatial information provided using a derived lead better fitted for delineation. SL delineation is then applied over this optimal derived lead. The ML strategy produces a reduced error dispersion compared to SL results, thus providing more robust, accurate, and stable boundary locations than any electrocardiographic lead by itself and outperforming strategies based on lead selection rules after SL delineation.