Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilingual Episodic Memory

Our current models of bilingual memory are essentially accounts of semantic memory whose goal is to explain bilingual lexical access to underlying imagistic and conceptual referents. While this research has included episodic memory, it has focused largely on recall for words, phrases, and sentences in the service of understanding the structure of semantic memory. Building on the four papers in this special issue, this article focuses on larger units of episodic memory(from quotidian events with simple narrative form to complex autobiographical memories) in service of developing a model of bilingual episodic memory. This requires integrating theory and research on how culture-specific narrative traditions inform encoding and retrieval with theory and research on the relation between(monolingual) semantic and episodic memory(Schank, 1982; Schank & Abelson, 1995; Tulving, 2002). Then, taking a cue from memory-based text processing studies in psycholinguistics(McKoon & Ratcliff, 1998), we suggest that as language forms surface in the progressive retrieval of features of an event, they trigger further forms within the same language serving to guide a within-language/ within-culture retrieval.
THE EFFECT OF A MASTERY PRACTICE DESIGN ON LEARNING AND TRANSFER IN BEHAVIOR MODELING TRAINING

This study employed a pretest-posttest control group design in a field setting with 38 supervisors and managers to test the effect of a theory-based mastery practice design for interpersonal skills training. The mastery practice protocol was drawn from recent research in cognitive and educational psychology on complex skill acquisition. Dependent measures included knowledge retention, behavioral skill demonstration, and far transfer to the workplace based on a multirater 360-degree survey instrument. In addition, qualitative data were collected using a semistructured interview process. Comparison of the mastery practice design to conventional behavior modeling workshop practice indicated improvements in retention and behavioral demonstration measures but failed to document any effect on transfer. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Autopsy of an Egyptian mummy (Nakht--ROM I)

with all the problems the patients have, not just the problems the physicians recognize. The Canadian study refers to the high level of recognition by physicians of hypertension in patients in the Virginia study; it comments on the similarities, not on the differences between the two investigations. I doubt whether people in Canada are significantly different from those in the United States. The Virginia. study involved more physicians than 'the Canadian one and its results are similar in most respects to those of the national ambulatory care study of the US National Center for Health Statistics.1 The national ambulatory care study found the distribution of problems seen to be similar but not identical to that found in surveys of the US population. These surveys examined probability samples of the US public to verify the prevalence of common conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, gout and rheumatoid disease.24 Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in the US; its prevalence is between 15% and 18% . 5,6 Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of morbidity and death. Diabetes affects 2% or more of the population. Similar studies show the prevalence of conditions in the general population to be greater than that recognized by family practitioners. One would expect persons with chronic disease to constitute a higher percentage of the physician's practice than of the general population. Conditions of "soft addiction", such as obesity, alcoholism and smoking are very common in the general population, although the last two were not recognized as problems in these studies. The article by Warrington and colleagues suggests to me the failure on the part of the physicians sampled to recognize common conditions and emotional problems in their patients. All chronic diseases have associated emotional problems that need special psychosocial skills and attitudes. Or perhaps, as I hope is true, they failed to code them. This is borne out by the article on the treatment of hypertension in a family practice by K.V. Rudnick and associates in a subsequent issue of the Journal (117: 492, 1977).
Intergenerational transmission of child problem behavior

textabstractIn the present thesis, the intergenerational transmission of child problem behavior will be investigated. In this introduction, we will explain why it is important to study transmission of problem behavior from parents to their offspring. In addition, we will describe the study design that is suitable for this type of research, and give a description of its methodological advantages and difficulties. We will summarize previous studies that have used this type of design, and made an important contribution to the research in intergenerational transmission of child problem behavior. Two factors that are thought to be important in the intergenerational transmission of problem behavior, parenting and parental psychopathology, will also be described. In addition, we will describe the possible relevance of developmental trajectories of problem behavior displayed by parents during their childhood, in predicting offspring problem behavior. Finally we will describe the aims, methods and structure of the present thesis.
Cognitive methods and their application to clinical research

This volume discusses the popularly used cognitive tasks in applied research, including the Stroop, Selective Attention, Implicit Memory, Directed Forgetting, and Autobiographical Memory tasks. For each, the contributors provide the background necessary for readers to ground themselves in the basics and be directed to more detailed information that they might need. The result is an ambitious text that will assist researchers from different backgrounds in finding important task-related data. Clinical or experimental graduate students and researchers will find this book to be an up-to-date resource on conducting rigorous research.
Research Methods Using Content Analysis to Examine the Verbal or Written Communication of Stakeholders within Early Intervention

The purpose of this manuscript is to describe a data analysis technique, content analysis, used to examine written or verbal communication, and to discuss the potential of content analysis for application within early intervention. Special attention is directed at the use of referential or thematic recording units derived from data obtained in interview format. The article identifies specific procedural guidelines for the early interventionist researcher to utilize, and addresses issues of rigor, and validity. Discussion follows of the use of content analysis within the field of early intervention.
Age and height dependence of lung clearance index and functional residual capacity

The lung clearance index (LCI) is more sensitive than spirometry in detecting abnormal lung function in children with cystic fibrosis. LCI is thought to be independent of age, but recent evidence suggests that the upper limit of normal is higher in infants and preschool children than in older subjects. This study examines whether LCI remains independent of body size throughout childhood. Multiple-breath washout data from healthy children and adolescents were collated from three centres using the mass spectrometer system and the inert gas sulfur hexafluoride. Reference equations for LCI and functional residual capacity (FRC) were constructed using the LMS (lambda–mu–sigma) method. Data were available from 497 subjects (2 weeks to 19 years of age) tested on 659 occasions. LCI was dependent on body size, decreasing in a nonlinear pattern as height increased. Changes were particularly marked in the first 5 years of life. Height, age and sex were all independent predictors of FRC. Minimal between-centre differences allowed unified reference equations to be developed. LCI is not independent of body size. Although a constant upper normal limit would suffice for cross-sectional clinical assessments from 6 years of age, appropriate reference equations are essential for accurate interpretation of results during early childhood.
Contribution à l'identification des déterminants psychologiques et sociaux des risques de décrochage scolaire chez des collégiens de 5ème au Liban.

Au Liban, le taux d’abandon scolaire est eleve entre le primaire et le complementaire(l’equivalent du college en France). Notre objectif est d’identifier certains facteurspsychologiques et sociaux impliques dans le risque d’abandon scolaire. Nous avons choisi latheorie sociale cognitive d’Albert Bandura (2003) - qui etudie les interactions dynamiquesentre facteurs contextuels et facteurs individuels – comme cadre d’analyse systemique desfacteurs en jeu dans le risque d’abandon scolaire. L’etude a ete menee aupres de 504 adolescents scolarises (a un niveau equivalent a celui de la classe de 5e de college en France) dans l’enseignement public libanais dans un quartier populaire. Les analyses multivariees effectuees sur les donnees de notre recherche ont montre que l’anxiete scolaire, les experiences d’apprentissages scolaires, les sentiments d’efficacite personnelle relatifs aux apprentissages scolaires, les attentes par rapport a l’ecole, les intentions d’avenir scolaire et professionnel, le soutien social dispense par la famille et les professeurs, sont associes au risque d’abandon scolaire des collegiens au Liban.Notre enquete qualitative par entretiens individuels - conduite aupres de 26 eleves (dont huitd’entre-deux avaient abandonne l’ecole) - a corrobore les donnees quantitatives et a apportedes informations supplementaires. En outre, d’autres facteurs en jeu dans l’abandon scolaireont ete mis en evidence et, notamment, les representations sociales des filles et des garconsrelatives a la scolarite et a la vie professionnelle, representations qui participent de faconimportante a leur construction identitaire. Nous avons mis en evidence le fait que les facteurscontextuels ont un peu plus de poids que les facteurs individuels. Ainsi, les resultats relatifs ala difference des sexes montrent que les filles et les garcons semblent avoir les memesparcours qui permettent d’expliquer le risque d’abandon scolaire.
Child abuse and physical health in adulthood.

BACKGROUND A large literature exists on the association between child abuse and mental health, but less is known about associations with physical health. The study objective was to determine if several types of child abuse were related to an increased likelihood of negative physical health outcomes in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults. DATA AND METHODS Data are from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (n = 23,395). The study sample was representative of the Canadian population aged 18 or older. Child physical abuse, sexual abuse, and exposure to intimate partner violence were assessed in relation to self-perceived general health and 13 self-reported, physician-diagnosed physical conditions. RESULTS All child abuse types were associated with having a physical condition (odds ratios = 1.4 to 2.0) and increased odds of obesity (odds ratios = 1.2 to 1.4). Abuse in childhood was associated with arthritis, back problems, high blood pressure, migraine headaches, chronic bronchitis/emphysema/COPD, cancer, stroke, bowel disease, and chronic fatigue syndrome in adulthood, even when sociodemographic characteristics, smoking, and obesity were taken into account (odds ratios = 1.1 to 2.6). Child abuse remained significantly associated with back problems, migraine headaches, and bowel disease when further adjusting for mental conditions and other physical conditions (odds ratios = 1.2 to 1.5). Sex was a significant moderator between child abuse and back problems, chronic bronchitis/emphysema/COPD, cancer, and chronic fatigue syndrome, with slightly stronger effects for women than men. INTERPRETATION Abuse in childhood was associated with increased odds of having 9 of the 13 physical conditions assessed in this study and reduced self-perceived general health in adulthood. Awareness of associations between child abuse and physical conditions is important in the provision of health care.
Event-related potentials of recognizing happy and neutral faces

In event-related potentials (ERPs) studies, recognition memory is associated with two positivities: one over parietal regions, and one over frontal regions. With nameable neutral stimuli, such as words or common objects, the parietal effect is usually left lateralized, and the frontal effect is usually right lateralized. We investigated the lateralization of these effects for nonnameable emotional stimuli: unfamiliar faces with happy and neutral expressions. The parietal effect was bilateral, suggesting that the left lateralization of this effect in studies using nameable stimuli reflected verbal processing. The frontal effect was left lateralized for happy faces, but right lateralized for neutral faces. This finding is consistent with the valence hypothesis, which posits that processing of pleasant emotions is lateralized to the left hemisphere.
Plant Genetic Archaeology: Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals the Pedigree of a Classical Trisomic Line

The circadian oscillator is astonishingly robust to changes in the environment but also to genomic changes that alter the copy number of its components through genome duplication, gene duplication, and homeologous gene loss. While studying the potential effect of aneuploidy on the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock, we discovered that a line thought to be trisomic for chromosome 3 also bears the gi-1 mutation, resulting in a short period and late flowering. With the help of whole-genome sequencing, we uncovered the unexpected complexity of this trisomic stock’s history, as its genome shows evidence of past outcrossing with another A. thaliana accession. Our study indicates that although historical aneuploidy lines exist and are available, it might be safer to generate new individuals and confirm their genomes and karyotypes by sequencing.
Interconnect-Memory Challenges for Multi-chip, Silicon Interposer Systems

Silicon interposer technology is promising for large-scale integration of memory within a processor package. While past work on vertical, 3D-stacked memory allows a stack of memory to be placed directly on top of a processor, the total amount of memory that could be integrated is limited by the size of the processor die. With silicon interposers, multiple memory stacks can be integrated inside the processor package, thereby increasing both the capacity and the bandwidth provided by the 3D memory. However, the full potential of all of this integrated memory may be squandered if the in-package interconnect architecture cannot keep up with the data rates provided by the multiple memory stacks. This position paper describes key issues in providing the interconnect support for aggressive interposer-based memory integration, and argues for additional research efforts to address these challenges to enable integrated memory to deliver its full value.
The Relationship between Contrast Sensitivity, Gait, and Reading Speed in Parkinson's Disease

ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease (PD) results in reduced walking speed and visual difficulties, including difficulty reading (Davidsdottir, Cronin-Golomb, & Lee, 2005). PD is characterized by a reduction in dopamine, which is instrumental in determining a person's contrast sensitivity (CS). This study assessed the relationship between CS, gait (step length and walking speed), and reading speed in 18 non-demented PD volunteers with normal acuity. We found that CS correlated with walking speed (r = .57, p = .01), step length (r = .53, p = .02), and reading speed (r = .54, p = .02). Visual acuity (which has not been tied to dopamine in the same way) correlated with reading speed (rs = –.65, p = .004), but not with gait measures. We also assessed the contribution of age, education, and cognitive status (Shipley Institute of Living Scale) to these variables. We conclude that CS and age both play an important role in determining gait in PD, while reading speed is related to both acuity and CS, but not age.
Validity and Reliability of the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale with Canadian Children

The aim of this study was to further assess the psychometric properties of the recently developed Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS; Huebner, 1994). The MSLSS and a global rating of life satisfaction (GLS) were administered to 314 children in grades 3 through 8. Subsamples completed a retest and the Behavior Assessment System for Children: Self-Report of Personality (BASC-SRP; Reynolds & Kamphaus, 1992). Teachers completed the BASC: Teacher Rating Scales (BASC-TRS) on a subsample and a rating of child adjustment (RCA). Results of the factor analysis supported a five-factor structure. Retest stability was acceptable for the five factors. Virtually all relationships between the MSLSS, BASC-SRP, and GLS supported the validity of the MSLSS. However, several hypothesized relationships between the MSLSS, BASC-TRS, and RCA were not supported. These results offer further evidence for the reliability and validity of the MSLSS, except for teacher-provided data.
A multi-resolution topological representation for non-manifold meshes

We address the problem of representing and processing non-regular, non-manifold two-dimensional simplicial meshes, that we call triangle-segment meshes, at different levels of detail. Such meshes are used to describe spatial objects consisting of parts of mixed dimensions, and with a non-manifold topology. First, we describe a multi-resolution model for non-regular, non-manifold meshes, that we call a Non-manifold Multi-Tessellation (NMT). We consider the selective refinement query, which is at the heart of several analysis operations on multiresolution meshes. Next, we focus on a specific instance of a NMT, generated by a simplification process based on vertex-pair contraction, and we describe a compact data structure for encoding it. We also propose a new data structure for triangle-segment meshes, capable of representing both connectivity and adjacency information with a small memory overhead, that we use to describe the mesh extracted with selective refinement. To this aim, we define algorithms to efficiently perform mesh updates on such a data structure.
Web Page Performance Enhancement by Removing Noise

mining is the procedure of extracting or taking out the information from the huge set of data. Web Mining is an important application of data mining, which is to extract knowledge from Web data including Web documents, hyperlinks, usage logs of web sites, etc. A Web Page contains many blocks such as content blocks, copyrights, privacy notes and advertisements. These blocks like advertisements and copyrights etc. don't come under main content blocks. These blocks are known as noisy blocks or it can be said that these blocks contain noisy information. This noisy information adversely effects web data mining. Eliminating this noisy information will improve web data mining. In this paper, it will be discussed how to identify these noises and how to eliminate them to improve efficiency of web mining. There are many types of algorithms which are used in web mining i.e. Visitor method, Dom Tree. Visitor and Dom Tree both are complex and time consuming methods. We will also discuss removal of noises by using simple LRU algorithm and variants of LRU, which will result into less time consuming algorithm for web mining.
Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Framingham Study

The impact of cardiovascular disease was compared in non-diabetics and diabetics in the Framingham cohort. In the first 20 years of the study about 6% of the women and 8% of the men were diagnosed as diabetics. The incidence of cardiovascular disease among diabetic men was twice that among nondiabetic men. Among diabetic women the incidence of cardiovascular disease was three times that among nondiabetic women. Judging from a comparison of standardized coefficients for the regression of incidence of cardiovascular disease on specified risk factors, there is no indication that the relationship of risk factors to the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease is different for diabetics and non-diabetics. This study suggests that the role of diabetes as a cardiovascular risk factor does not derive from an altered ability to contend with known risk factors
What makes you think you're so popular? Self-evaluation maintenance and the subjective side of the "friendship paradox"

We report on a survey of undergraduates at the University of Chicago in which respondents were asked to assess their popularity relative to others. Popularity estimates were related to actual popularity, but we also found strong evidence of self-enhancement in self-other comparisons of popularity. In particular, self-enhancement was stronger for self versus friend comparisons than for self versus typical other comparisons; this is contrary to the reality demonstrated in Feld's friendship paradox and suggests that people are more threatened by the success of friends than of strangers. At the same time, people with relatively popular friends tended to make more self-serving estimates of their own popularity than did people with less popular friends. These results clarify how objective patterns of interpersonal contact work together with cognitive and motivational tendencies to shape perceptions of one's location in the social world.
Radiation effects on DNA synthesis in a defined chromosomal replicon

It has recently been shown that the tumor suppressor p53 mediates a signal transduction pathway that responds to DNA damage by arresting cells in the late G1 period of the cell cycle. However, the operation of this pathway alone cannot explain the 50% reduction in the rate of DNA synthesis that occurs within 30 min of irradiation of an asynchronous cell population. We are using the amplified dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) domain in the methotrexate-resistant CHO cell line, CHOC 400, as a model replicon in which to study this acute radiation effect. We first show that the CHOC 400 cell line retains the classical acute-phase response but does not display the late G1 arrest that characterizes the p53-mediated checkpoint. Using a two-dimensional gel replicon-mapping method, we then show that when asynchronous cultures are irradiated with 900 cGy, initiation in the DHFR locus is completely inhibited within 30 min and does not resume for 3 to 4 h. Since initiation in this locus occurs throughout the first 2 h of the S period, this result implies the existence of a p53-independent S-phase damage-sensing pathway that functions at the level of individual origins. Results obtained with the replication inhibitor mimosine define a position near the G1/S boundary beyond which cells are unable to prevent initiation at early-firing origins in response to irradiation. This is the first direct demonstration at a defined chromosomal origin that radiation quantitatively down-regulates initiation.