Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modélisation générique des efforts de coupe en fraisage pour la CFAO et la surveillance de l'usinage

La mise en œuvre d'un processus de CFAO performant passe necessairement par une maitrise des parametres operatoires et par consequent du processus de coupe pour generer, optimiser et surveiller le trajet des outils lors de l'usinage. Pour ce faire, le preparateur doit disposer de donnees technologiques pour caracteriser le processus de coupe et effectuer le choix optimal des parametres operatoires en fonction de la geometrie de l'outil utilise, de la matiere usinee, des performances des machines et des exigences de qualite et de cout sur la piece usinee. Face aux differentes attentes de la CFAO, la modelisation des efforts de coupe permet de caracteriser le processus et de fournir des informations pertinentes pour la mise en place d'un systeme de surveillance d'usinage. La modelisation des efforts envisagee doit necessairement avoir un caractere generique pour apprehender les multiples configurations outil/matiere/conditions operatoires utilisees dans le secteur industriel. Dans le cadre de nos travaux, nous proposons une modelisation des efforts qui utilise une loi de comportement de type thermo-visco-plastique identifiee. L'identification de cette loi est realisee avec une methode inverse a partir des resultats d'essais en fraisage orthogonal 2D. La methode presentee utilise la modelisation d'Oxley pour parametrer le processus de coupe (prise en compte de l'angle de coupe, de la vitesse de coupe et des engagements) pour assurer l'aspect generique indispensable en vue d'une utilisation industrielle. La loi de comportement identifiee dans le cadre d'essais en fraisage orthogonal 2D permet de tenir compte du comportement de la matiere selon les conditions operatoires utilisees. Nous presentons les lois de comportement identifiees pour trois materiaux differents X38CrMnMoV5, 40CrMnMo8 et Al2024. Les resultats des simulations d'efforts compares avec les resultats experimentaux donnent un ecart moyen inferieur a 20% et permettent egalement de valider l'aspect generique de la methode proposee.
Single-phase grid-connected PV system supplying nonlinear load with MPPT

This paper presents a single-phase grid-connected PV system supplying nonlinear load which controls active power and harmonic compensation. The control method employs calculated reference current derived from a combination between the active current and the compensated harmonic current. The active current for controlling transferred power from solar panels to the grid system is obtained from MPPT. The compensated harmonic current is responsible for nonlinear load. With this method, power of renewable energy can be transferred to nonlinear load and the utility grid system, the grid current can be a noticeable sinusoidal and the reactive power of nonlinear load will be compensated. As a result, power factor is nearly unity. The simulation results confirm the validation through MATLAB/Simulink for both steady state and dynamic response conditions.
Econometric modelling of the consumer’s behaviour in order to develop brand management policies

Abstract Assuming that the value of a powerful brand lies in its capacity to decrypt the consumers’ preference and fidelity, we undertake, in the present study, to analyse the important criteria used when selecting a shampoo brand, to outline the profile of such products and to capture the dependence of the endogenous variable (the shampoo brand selected by consumers), on the exogenous variables (Product characteristics, Personal experience, Brand and Price) that the consumer had in view when deciding to purchase an optimum product. This paper, based on multiple regression equations, outlines the direction and intensity of the dependence, using data arising from an opinion poll, covering an 8-year period, carried out on an average population of 8921 individuals. In essence, the present application reveals, an appropriate method for acquiring a higher market share, to its largest extent, the orientation towards consumer and product, price being a subsidiary instrument, specific only to companies trying to maintain themselves in the market. In contrast, a leader, a challenger or a pursuing company should be highly flexible, ready to continuously adapt their brand to the ever-changing consumers’ needs.
Lipid, Lipoprotein and APO-A and APO-B Lipoprotein Distribution in Italian and Swiss Schoolchildren. The Geneva Survey

Summary: Cholesterol and triglyceride lipid, lipoprotein as well as apolipo-protein A and B levels, are presented for Italian and Swiss schoolchildren of similar socio-economic origin, living in Geneva, and ranging in age from 8–9 and 14–15 years.This cross-sectional study revealed some differences associated with the ethnic origin of the participants. Furthermore subtle changes were related to age, associated with puberty and were sex-specific.Apolipoprotein A and B levels were found to be significantly related to age and less significantly to sex, whereas apolipoprotein A levels decrease with puberty, apolipoprotein B levels increase slightly.Of the 387 Italian and the 416 Swiss participants, 173 Italian and 193 Swiss children had a complete lipoprotein examination including apolipoprotein determination, whereas serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides were studied in the total group.
Assessment of the efficacy of endoscopy in pituitary adenoma resection.

OBJECTIVE To obtain objective evidence that the use of endoscopy in the surgical management of pituitary tumors improves intraoperative visualization and significantly impacts operative outcomes. DESIGN Case series of pituitary adenomas treated surgically by endoscope-assisted microscopic resection. SETTING University-affiliated tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS Consecutive sample of 9 patients referred for surgical management of pituitary adenoma. INTERVENTIONS Each patient underwent transseptal transsphenoidal microscopic tumor resection. The procedure was modified by the use of intrasellar endoscopy as an adjunctive imaging modality. Following complete microscopic resection of tumor, rigid 0 degrees and 30 degrees 4.0-mm endoscopes were used to conduct a final survey of the sellar and parasellar spaces. Residual tumor fragments identified during this endoscopic examination were removed. OUTCOME MEASURES Endoscopes were thought to have a significant impact on surgical therapy in cases where residual tumor that was not detected microscopically was identified and removed during endoscopic examination. Analysis of each case included correlation between intraoperative findings and retrospective review of dictated operative reports and intraoperative videotape. RESULTS Three of the patients with macroadenoma (33% of total, 43% of macroadenoma cases) had tumor fragments that were only identified and removed endoscopically. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopy provides distinct advantages over microscopy in imaging intrasellar and parasellar structures during pituitary tumor resection. These data support the numerous anecdotal accounts of the usefulness of pituitary endoscopy and are consistent with the small amount of objective evidence offered on the subject. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000;126:1487-1490
A pair of mobilizable shuttle vectors conferring resistance to spectinomycin for molecular cloning in Escherichia coli and in gram-positive bacteria.

We previously designed a vector strategy that allows transfer by conjugation of recombinant plasmids from Escherichia coli to various Gram-positive bacilli and cocci (1). We report here the construction of plasmid vectors which exploit this broad host range transfer system. These vectors, pAT28 and pAT29, are composed of 1) the origins of replication of pUC (2) and of the broad host range enterococcal plasmid pAM(31 (3); 2) a spectinomycin resistance gene expressed in Gram-negative and in Gram-positive bacteria (4); 3) the origin of transfer of the IncP plasmid RK2; and 4) the multiple cloning site and the lacZa reporter gene of pUC18 (pAT28) and pUC19 (pAT29). These plasmids can be efficiently mobilized by any self-transferable IncP plasmid co-resident in E. coli donors (1). They are 6.7 kilobases in length and contain nine unique cloning sites (Figure 1) which allow easy screening of derivatives containing DNA inserts by (x-complementation in E. coli carrying the M15 deletion of lacZa (2). Plasmids pAT28, pAT29 and recombinant derivatives were transferred by filter mating (1) from E. coli to Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus lactis, Listeria innocua and Listeria monocytogenes at frequencies ranging from 10-6 to 10-7. This powerful transfer system offers an alternative to transformation and electroporation for introducing plasmid DNA in a large range of Gram-positive
Institutionalizing accrual budgeting and accounting through a uniform legislation: Une expérience á la Camerounaise

Abstract This paper traces the use of accrual accounting in a tradition where a uniform code-based accounting chart is imposed on all levels of government. Operating within a hybrid of Franco-German and Anglo-Saxon accounting heritage, local government in Cameroon experienced some hurdles in practicing accrual accounting for over a decade. It becomes therefore pertinent to examine the motivation towards the move to accrual accounting and the extent to which accrual data is used for financial reporting and decision-making. The study is hinged on a triangulation in qualitative research, with a case study, interviews and documentary analysis. New Public Management and the institutional theories are used as a framework to broaden the understanding of the practice of accrual as an accounting choice underpinning reforms in the Cameroon public sector. It was revealed in this study that the normative and coercive isomorphic pressures influenced the adoption and practice of accruals in councils. In order to appear legitimate and for fear of being sanctioned, council authorities had to produce some accrual-based financial reports at all cost, even though these reports were hardly used for management decisions making.
Current trends and future requirements for the mass spectrometric investigation of microbial, mammalian and plant metabolomes

The functional levels of biological cells or organisms can be separated into the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome. Of these the metabolome offers specific advantages to the investigation of the phenotype of biological systems. The investigation of the metabolome (metabolomics) has only recently appeared as a mainstream scientific discipline and is currently developing rapidly for the study of microbial, plant and mammalian metabolomes. The metabolome pipeline or workflow encompasses the processes of sample collection and preparation, collection of analytical data, raw data pre-processing, data analysis and data storage. Of these processes the collection of analytical data will be discussed in this review with specific interest shown in the application of mass spectrometry in the metabolomics pipeline. The current developments in mass spectrometry platforms (GC–MS, LC–MS, DIMS and imaging MS) and applications of specific interest will be highlighted. The current limitations of these platforms and applications will be discussed with areas requiring further development also highlighted. These include the detectable coverage of the metabolome, the identification of metabolites and the process of converting raw data to biological knowledge.
Utilizing Principal Coach Reflections to Co-Develop an Effective Coaching Strategy in a Large Urban School District

Our Educational Leadership (EDL) program collaborated with a large urban district to provide coaching support for 15 principals. Principals were identified by their supervisor based on specific coaching needs. This collaboration allowed program faculty to design a coaching strategy. Utilization-focused program evaluation (Patton, 2008) was used to examine coaching practices that acknowledged the context, challenges and opportunities present in the district. Our interviews revealed the need for specific attention focusing on the first-hand experiences principals’ encounter in the field. The importance of relationship building and trust informed a consultee-centered approach. A cycle of inquiry allowed for collaboration and refinement of the process. Strategies implemented during the coaching process informed continuous improvement for our second year of coaching support. Topic Descriptors: Principal Coaching, Urban Schools, Leadership Development
Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Relay Networks Based on White Space Modeling

In this paper we investigate opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks when a decode and forward relay is employed. To better exploit the white space in primary networks, we propose two cognitive spectrum access approaches based on white space modeling, referred to as successive sensing based spectrum access and simultaneous sensing based spectrum access. We further study the optimal time allocation for the two-hop relay to minimize the outage probability of the cognitive data transmission. Numerical results show that the optimal time allocation heavily depends on the primary user traffic rate.
Understanding effectual decision-making in a science-based business: The case of Hart Biologicals

This case focuses on the effectual decision-making processes of an individual entrepreneur. It examines a proposed acquisition by Hart Biologicals, a small biotechnology company based in the Northeast England. Alby Pattison, the Managing Director, is currently considering an acquisition with a ‘symbiotic’ business. The firm is working in the same area as Hart Biologicals (haematology) but is not a competitor. Alby considers that the acquisition would help the company grow more rapidly and add to its current portfolio of products. The case considers how effectual decision-making is employed by the entrepreneur to identify, evaluate and pursue new opportunities. This concept is explored in the context of the current dilemma of Hart Biologicals proposed acquisition. Finally, the case also considers the impact of the acquisition on the performance and behaviour of a family firm.
Study of void formation kinetics in Cu interconnects using local sense structures

A test structure that allows the study of void formation kinetics during electromigration is proposed and characterized. Compared to a standard single-via electromigration test structure voltage-senses are placed near the via. This allows monitoring resistance changes before final void formation, while the void formation process is not affected. Part of the samples show single void formation, while for other samples, multiple voids are formed. For the single void case, a model is proposed to calculate void-depth as a function of time. Initially, voids grow faster and this growth slows down towards the end of the void formation process. Estimated velocities during void formation are in the same order of magnitude compared to literature results of drift velocities during void growth. Cases where multiple voids are formed show that voids which initially form further away from the via stop growing upon formation of a void closer to the via.
The Effect of Educational Methods of Supply Chain Management on Conflict Management in Educational Environments

Abstract- Today, human resource is considered as the main asset of organizations and its competitive advantage and is one of the most valuable resources and capital of that organization. The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of the challenges and conflicts in sustainable supply chain management through empirical evidence. Therefore, the importance of attracting, retaining and empowering this capital has always been considered by the thinkers. One of the solemn factors in employee management is solving the conflict between them, which has been analyzed in this paper using inferential statistics. In order to determine the validity of the questionnaire, firstly, the number of items for each component was determined and the initial form of the questionnaire was prepared by evaluating the theoretical foundations and studies, as well as obtaining opinions from some experts. After this stage, several copies of the questionnaire were distributed to a number of experts, and they were asked to express their corrective comments regarding the questionnaire. The results show that there is a significant relationship between avoidance style and teachers performance, and there was no significant relationship between the managers 'mastery style on the teachers' performance.
Making Sure Orphan Drugs Don’t Get Left Behind

Orphan drugs developed to treat rare diseases are expensive, thus making it difficult for provincial governments to cover their costs and for patients to acquire them. However, a streamlined method of setting guidelines for coverage using a cost-based regulatory model could help patients get access to the drugs while ensuring manufacturers are fairly compensated. Currently, governments can justify covering cost-effective drugs. Manufacturing costs, including research and development, typically put orphan drugs over any threshold of cost-effectiveness because so few patients use them. Thus, governments either decline coverage or end up funding the drugs under pressure from patient advocacy groups. Without adequate compensation for their efforts, manufacturers will have no incentive to develop orphan drugs. A cost-based regulatory model, including yardstick pricing, would improve access to orphan drugs because it creates incentives for companies to lower their costs. Yardsticking means that prices are set using industry benchmarks and firms that successfully lower their costs below those of competitors can profit by it. Under this system, the government could still apply an initial cost-effectiveness test. In cases where that threshold is not met, the cost-based regulatory model would be used to decide upon the maximum price at which the drug would be covered. This would be done through an estimated, benchmarked, capital cost based on the average cost of drug development across the pharmaceutical industry, and take into consideration the probability of success. Such an approach would allow governments to bargain over a drug’s price, yet still create incentives for companies to develop orphan drugs at the lowest possible costs.
The influence of stratospheric vortex displacements and splits on surface climate

AbstractA strong link exists between stratospheric variability and anomalous weather patterns at the earth’s surface. Specifically, during extreme variability of the Arctic polar vortex termed a “weak vortex event,” anomalies can descend from the upper stratosphere to the surface on time scales of weeks. Subsequently the outbreak of cold-air events have been noted in high northern latitudes, as well as a quadrupole pattern in surface temperature over the Atlantic and western European sectors, but it is currently not understood why certain events descend to the surface while others do not. This study compares a new classification technique of weak vortex events, based on the distribution of potential vorticity, with that of an existing technique and demonstrates that the subdivision of such events into vortex displacements and vortex splits has important implications for tropospheric weather patterns on weekly to monthly time scales. Using reanalysis data it is found that vortex splitting events are correl.
Offset-compensated comparator with full-input range in 150nm FDSOI CMOS-3D technology

This paper addresses an offset-compensated comparator with full-input range in the 150nm FDSOI CMOS-3D technology from MIT- Lincoln Laboratory. The comparator discussed here makes part of a vision system. Its architecture is that of a self-biased inverter with dynamic offset correction. At simulation level, the comparator can reach a resolution of 0.75mV in an area of approximately 220μm2 with a time response of less than 200ns and a static power dissipation of 1. 125μW.
Fair Value Disclosures and Fair Value Hierarchy: Literature Review on the Implementation of IFRS 13 and SFAS 157

Fair Value Measurement accounting standards, i.e., IFRS 13 and SFAS 157, have been widely discussed and challenged by both academic literature and practitioners. In an attempt to provide a comprehensive understanding of the consequences of IFRS 13 and SFAS 157 implementation, we provide a critical analysis of the related academic literature. We identify and discuss five topics, i.e., value relevance, information content, managerial judgement, economic consequences, and common critiques to fair value estimates. We document that assets and liabilities estimated at fair value are usually value relevant and investors value additional firms’ disclosure about fair value estimates. Past research supports the conjecture that fair value estimates may trigger opportunistic managers’ behaviours, especially in the presence of significant managerial discretion. Fair value estimates are often associated with an increase in the cost of financing and audit effort. Empirical evidence also shows that bank regulation, and not fair value accounting, mostly stimulated the pro-cyclical leverage contributing to the financial crisis. The aforementioned results vary across Level’s inputs, and they do not always follow the fair value hierarchy, i.e. the relative ordering of the three Level’s inputs. In fact, multiple factors influence the impact of fair value estimates, such as type of underlying assets, managerial intent, market conditions, and institutional environment. Our results represent a support to researchers and regulators by providing an up-to-date state of knowledge of the implementation of fair value measurement accounting standards. Our comprehensive analysis provides evidence to foster changes aiming to improve financial reporting quality.