Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variance Breakdown of Huber ( M )-estimators : n / p → m ∈ ( 1 , ∞ )

Huber’s gross-errors contamination model considers the class Fε of all noise distributions F = (1 − ε)Φ + εH, with Φ standard normal, ε ∈ (0, 1) the contamination fraction, and H the contaminating distribution. A half century ago, Huber evaluated the minimax asymptotic variance in scalar location estimation, min ψ max F∈Fε V (ψ, F ) = 1 I(F ∗ ε ) (1) where V (ψ,F ) denotes the asymptotic variance of the (M)-estimator for location with score function ψ, and I(F ∗ ε ) is the minimal Fisher information minFε I(F ). We consider the linear regression model Y = Xθ0 +W , Wi ∼i.i. d. F , and iid Normal predictors Xi,j , working in the high-dimensional-limit asymptotic where the number n of observations and p of variables both grow large, while n/p→ m ∈ (1,∞); hence m plays the role of ‘asymptotic number of observations per parameter estimated’. Let Vm(ψ,F ) denote the per-coordinate asymptotic variance of the (M)-estimator of regression in the n/p → m regime [EKBBL13, DM13, Kar13]. Then Vm 6= V ; however Vm → V as m→∞. In this paper we evaluate the minimax asymptotic variance of the Huber (M)-estimate. The statistician minimizes over the family (ψλ)λ>0 of all tunings of Huber (M)-estimates of regression, and Nature maximizes over gross-error contaminations F ∈ Fε. Suppose that I(F ∗ ε )·m > 1. Then min λ max F∈Fε Vm(ψλ, F ) = 1 I(F ∗ ε )− 1/m . (2) Of course, the RHS of (2) is strictly bigger than the RHS of (1). Strikingly, if I(F ∗ ε ) ·m ≤ 1, then min λ max F∈Fε Vm(ψλ, F ) =∞. In short, the asymptotic variance of the Huber estimator breaks down at a critical ratio of observations per parameter. Classically, for the minimax (M)-estimator of location, no such breakdown occurs [DH83]. However, under this paper’s n/p→ m asymptotic, the breakdown point is where the Fisher information per parameter equals unity: ε∗ ≡ εm(Minimax Huber-(M) Estimate) = inf{ε : m · I(F ∗ ε ) ≥ 1}. ∗Department of Statistics, Stanford University †Department of Electrical Engineering and Department of Statistics, Stanford University
Unsupervised Methods for Head Assignments

We present several algorithms for assigning heads in phrase structure trees, based on different linguistic intuitions on the role of heads in natural language syntax. Starting point of our approach is the observation that a head-annotated treebank defines a unique lexicalized tree substitution grammar. This allows us to go back and forth between the two representations, and define objective functions for the unsupervised learning of head assignments in terms of features of the implicit lexicalized tree grammars. We evaluate algorithms based on the match with gold standard head-annotations, and the comparative parsing accuracy of the lexicalized grammars they give rise to. On the first task, we approach the accuracy of hand-designed heuristics for English and inter-annotation-standard agreement for German. On the second task, the implied lexicalized grammars score 4% points higher on parsing accuracy than lexicalized grammars derived by commonly used heuristics.
A Note on Statistical Interactions and the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz

We show that the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations for one-dimensional integrable many-body systems can be reinterpreted in such a way that they only code the statistical interactions, in the sense of Haldane, between particles of identical or different momenta. Thus, the thermodynamic properties of these systems can be characterized by the generalized ideal gases recently proposed by one of us. For example, the Yang-Yang $\delta$-function gas is a gas with specific statistical interactions between particles of different momenta, while the Calogero-Sutherland system provides a model for an ideal gas of particles with a fractional statistics.
A novel power control strategy of series hybrid electric vehicle

Because of the inherent advantages of increased fuel economy, reduced harmful emissions and better vehicle performance, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) powered by internal combustion engine (ICE) and energy storage, are being given more and more attention. In this paper, we present a novel approach to the problem of power control strategy for series hybrid electric vehicles (SHEVs). We define 3 different SHEV operation modes and a cost function. After the support vector machine (SVM) training process, we generate a classifier to determine which operation mode should be chosen during driving cycles based on the road situation data, battery state of charge (SOC) data and vehicle speed data. The approach does not need models of SHEV devices, costs less computationally and is more efficient. These distinguished advantages make the approach more practicable in real-time operation. Simulation study proves the feasibility of the approach.
High-fidelity simulation for spacecraft autonomy development

To maximize the profitability of modern satellites, designers must invest their spacecraft with both capability and reliability. On-board, autonomous software holds the promise of greatly enhancing spacecraft abilities, yet software glitches have been directly to blame for recent, highly publicized failures. This paper presents the flight- software development framework created for the Generalized FLight Operations Processing Simulator (GFLOPS) testbed. Based upon a robust, commercial, real- time operating system, the methodology applies principles of object-oriented design to separate sub-system software functions into protected, quasi-independent modules. The flight software modules are coupled to simulation modules, which provide high-fidelity, real-time, representations of system hardware and dynamics. The GFLOPS approach provides tools and a methodology suitable for rapid flight software development. Since the basic implementation of the framework does not rely on any advanced techniques such as autonomy, it can be used in both conservative and aggressive engineering programs. Focus applications include an MIT-designed formation flying experiment (SPHERES) and a U.S. Air Force- funded distributed satellite mission (TechSat 21). continued on page 52
An embedded operating system API for monitoring hardware events in multicore processors

This paper presents an operating system API for monitoring hardware events specifically designed for embedded systems that use multicore processors. The proposed API uses the concepts from the Application-Driven Embedded System Design (ADESD) to construct a simple and lightweight interface for handling the complexity of today’s Performance Monitoring Units (PMUs). In order to demonstrate the API usage, we monitored an event associated with bus snoops in a real processor. Based on the experience learned, we propose a set of guidelines, such as features for monitoring address space intervals and OS trap generation, that can help hardware designers to improve the PMU capabilities in the future, considering the embedded operating system’s point of view. Keywords-Hardware performance counters, embedded systems, operating system, multicore architectures
Polymorphisms within the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTPN1) gene promoter: functional characterization and association with type 2 diabetes and related metabolic traits.

BACKGROUND Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTPN1) dephosphorylates insulin receptors and attenuates insulin signaling. Polymorphisms in the coding sequence of PTPN1 have been variably associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that variations within the PTPN1 promoter might contribute to the development of T2D and related metabolic traits. METHODS We screened 2.0 kb of PTPN1 promoter in 174 T2D patients and 412 controls using PCR and denaturing HPLC. Association analysis was performed between diabetes and related traits and single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes. We functionally tested 2 variants (-1023C>A and -51delA) by measuring their influence on luciferase activity in HepG2 cells and performing the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS One common (-1023C>A) and 6 rare (-51delA, -451A>G, -467T>C, -1045G>A, -1286-3bp-del, and -1291-9bp-del) variants were identified in the PTPN1 promoter. The -1023(C) allele had significant association with T2D that disappeared after we adjusted for established diabetes risk factors. The alleles of -1023C>A and -51delA variants did not show significant effects on the biochemical markers after adjustment for established diabetes risk factors in the nondiabetic and diabetic groups separately. The -51delA variant decreased luciferase gene expression in HepG2 cells by 2-fold. EMSA revealed a weaker binding of -51delA to specific protein family proteins compared with the A allele. The -1023C>A variant had no influence in either experiment. CONCLUSIONS The PTPN1 promoter variants -1023C>A and -51delA (which appears to be functional) were not associated with T2D or related traits in this study but must be investigated in a larger population to reveal any potential metabolic association.
Document de Travail n ° 2006-17 HETEROGENEOUS ANCHORING AND THE SHIFT EFFECT IN ITERATIVE VALUATION

In this article, we consider starting point bias as a heterogeneous phenomenon, that is, respondents in CV surveys do not anchor in the same way. We study the consequences of a mistaken assumption of homogeneous anchoring for the analysis of the shift effect in multiple-bounded dichotomous choice format, when respondents really have heterogeneous anchoring. We show that the shift effect, generally interpreted as incentive incompatibility or “yea”-saying, can be the spurious outcome of disregarded heterogeneous anchoring.
Resource recycling: putting idle resources to work on a composable accelerator

Mobile computing platforms in the form of smart phones, netbooks, and personal digital assistants have become an integral part of our everyday lives. Moving ahead to the future, mobile multimedia support will become a key differentiating factor for customers. Features such as high-definition audio and video, video conferencing, 3D graphics, and image projection will lead to the adoption of one phone over another. However, in contrast to wireless signal processing which is dominated by vectorizable computation, mobile multimedia applications often contain complex control flow and variable computational requirements. Moreover, data access is more complex where media applications typically operate on multi-dimensional vectors of data rather than single-dimensional vectors with simple strides. To handle these complexities, composable accelerators such as the Polymorphic Pipeline Array, or PPA, present an appealing hardware platform by adding a degree of hardware configurability over existing accelerators. Hardware resources can be both statically as well as dynamically partitioned among executing tasks to maximize execution efficiency. However, an effective compilation framework is essential to partition and assign resources to make intelligent use of the available hardware. In this paper, a compilation framework is introduced that maximizes application throughput with hybrid resource partitioning of a PPA system. Static partitioning handles part of the resource assignment, but this is followed up by dynamic partitioning to identify idle resources and put them to use -- resource recycling. Experimental results show that real-time media applications can take advantage of the static and dynamic configurability of the PPA for increase. throughput.
Gender as “Ebola from Brussels”: The Anticolonial Frame and the Rise of Illiberal Populism

This article examines the recent wave of grassroots mobilizations opposing gender equality, LGBT rights, and sex education, which vilify the term “gender” in public debates and policy documents. The antigender movement emerged simultaneously in various locations after 2010. We argue that this is not just another wave of antifeminist backlash or a new tactic of the Vatican in its ongoing efforts to undermine gender equality but represents a new ideological and political configuration that emerged in response to the global economic crisis of 2008 and the ongoing crisis of liberal democracy. The backlash of the eighties and nineties combined neoconservatism with market fundamentalism (which is to some extent still the case with neoconservative Christian fundamentalists in the United States and elsewhere), while the new movement—though in many ways a continuation of earlier trends—tends to combine gender conservatism with a critique of neoliberalism and globalization. Liberal elites are presented as “colonizers”; “genderism” is demonized as an ideology imposed by the world’s rich on the poor. Thanks to the anticolonial frame, antigenderism has remarkable ideological coherence and great mobilizing power: right-wing populists have captured the imagination and hearts of large portions of local populations more effectively than progressive movements have managed to do. The article examines the basic tenets of antigenderism, shedding light on how this ideology contributes to the contemporary transnational resurgence of illiberal populism. We argue that today’s global Right, while selectively borrowing from liberal-Left and feminist discourses, is in fact constructing a new universalism, an illiberal one. While the examples discussed are mostly from Poland, the pattern is transnational, and our conclusions may have serious implications for feminist theory and activism.
# 8 Does Canada have a fourth of July ? # 9 A man bets $ 24 and gets back his original bet and

How does overconfidence arise and persist in the face of experience and feedback? We examine experimentally how individuals’ beliefs about their absolute, as opposed to relative, performance on a quiz react to noisy, but unbiased, feedback. Participants believe themselves to have received ‘unlucky’ feedback and they overestimate their own scores, but they exhibit no overconfidence in non-ego-relevant beliefs—in this case, about others’ scores. Unlike previous studies of relative performance estimates, we find this to be driven by overconfident priors, as opposed to biased updating, which suggests that social comparisons contribute to biased information processing. While feedback improves performance estimates, this learning does not translate into improved estimates of subsequent performances. This suggests that people use performance feedback to update their beliefs about their ability differently than they do to update their beliefs about their performance, contributing to the persistence of overconfidence.
Evaluation of a channel decorrelation approach for stereo acoustic echo cancellation

Multichannel acoustic echo cancellers are used in teleconferencing systems in order to reduce undesired echoes and to introduce better performance in terms of sound localization in the presence of more than one participant. In this context, stereophonic systems obtain realistic performance, since listeners have spatial information that helps to identify the speaker position. Unfortunately, the correlation between the two channels prevents a correct identification of the echo paths and signal decorrelation is needed. In this paper, a subjective analysis of a low-complexity implementation of a real-time decorrelation approach is presented. The analyzed approach is based on the “missing-fundamental” phenomenon and it is focused on the computation of one adaptive parameter in order to guarantee high performance in terms of convergence speed, audio quality, and computational complexity. A deeply investigation of the subjective perception is here presented, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach and showing its feasibility in real scenarios.
Linking Psychological Attributes and Gender to Smartphone Addiction among University Undergraduates: A Nigerian Study

The study examined the relative contributions of psychological attributes (loneliness, extraversion and self-esteem) and gender to smartphone addiction. The study was a survey that utilized a crosssectional design that purposively sampled 271 in-school smartphone users. The sample was made up of 165 male and 106 female undergraduates selected from three public tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria. Data were collected with a questionnaire that contained standardized scales that measured the study variables. These were revalidated to ascertain their suitability for use in the present study and all yielded acceptable alpha coefficients: loneliness (α = .88), extraversion (α = .61), self-esteem (α = .80), and Test of mobile-phone dependence use (α = .94). Also examined in the study was the influence of gender on smartphone addiction. Result indicated significant positive Original Research Article Onuoha and Bada; JESBS, 27(3): 1-11, 2018; Article no.JESBS. 31442 2 relationships among loneliness (r = .29; P <.05), extraversion (r = .43; P<.001), self-esteem (r = .48; P<.001) and smartphone addiction respectively. Result further revealed significant joint influence of loneliness, extraversion and self-esteem on smartphone addiction (R 2 = .33; P <.01). There was no significant gender influence on smartphone addiction (p >.05). Personality profile of smartphone addicts should form a cardinal ingredient of treatment and management protocols of the condition.
AdS/CFT dualities involving large 2d N=4 superconformal symmetry

We study the duality between string theory on AdS_3 X S^3 X S^3 and two-dimensional conformal theories with large N=4 superconformal algebra A_gamma. We discuss configurations of intersecting branes which give rise to such near-horizon geometries. We compute the Kaluza-Klein spectrum and propose that the boundary superconformal theory can be described by a sigma model on a suitable symmetric product space with a particular choice of anti-symmetric two-form.
Localization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase isoforms in mouse eye.

PURPOSE To examine the expression of the major isoforms of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent protein kinase (cGK) in mouse eye. METHODS Immunohistochemical localization of cGMP in mouse eye cryosections was performed using an anti-cGMP antibody, followed by visualization with indirect fluorescence microscopy. The presence of types Ialpha, Ibeta, and II cGK mRNAs in mouse eye extracts was determined initially by RNase protection analysis. Further localization of cGK I and II mRNAs on cryosections was accomplished by in situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probes and an alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-digoxigenin antibody. Finally, cGK I protein was localized to subcellular areas within the retina using an anti-cGK I-specific primary antibody. RESULTS In initial immunohistochemical experiments cGMP was present in numerous regions and layers within the eye and retina. Subsequent RNase protection studies demonstrated that cGK Ialpha, Ibeta, and II mRNAs were present in mouse eye and that type Ibeta mRNA were 6.6 and 30 times more abundant than type Ialpha and type II, respectively. By in situ hybridization, cGK I mRNA was localized to photoreceptor inner segments and the ganglion cell and inner nuclear layers of the retina, and lesser amounts were found in the ciliary epithelium, lens, and cornea. The cGK II mRNA expression pattern was similar but not identical with that of cGK I. Finally, within the retina, cGK I protein was most abundant in the inner plexiform layer, with significant amounts in ganglion cells and photoreceptor inner segments as well. CONCLUSIONS The presence of these cGK isoforms in discrete areas throughout the eye suggests multiple roles for the cGMP-dependent signal transduction system in the regulation of physiologic and pathologic ocular processes.
A Data Dissemination Policy by Using Human Mobility Patterns for Delay-Tolerant Networks

The mobility patterns of nodes is essential for the design of data dissemination in Delay-Tolerant network (DTN). This paper proposes a data dissemination policy by using human mobility model in DTN in which wireless devices are carried by humans, referred as HMP. HMP selects relay nodes rigidly and improves the efficiency of data forwarding by using the factor set, which is composed of Destination-Matching (DM), Arrival Time of Destination (ATD) and Network Hops (NH). And data dissemination efficiency under different individual activities radius is discussed. Furthermore, the HMP upper and lower bound of network cost are analyzed. Results of simulation show that HMP is well-balanced between network resource consumption and the end to end delay. Also, the network cost caused by useless data dissemination of multiple hops is reduced by about 5%-40% compared with other schemes.
Combining Multiple Resources, Evidences and Criteria for Genomic Information Retrieval

We participated in the passage retrieval and aspect retrieval subtasks of the TREC 2006 Genomics Track. This paper describes the methods developed for these two subtasks. For passage retrieval, our query expansion method utilizes multiple external biomedical resources to extract acronyms, aliases, and synonyms, and we propose a post-processing step which combines the evidence from multiple scoring methods to improve relevance-based passage rankings. For aspect retrieval, our method estimates the topical aspects of the retrieved passages and generates passage rankings by considering both topical relevance and topical novelty. Empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of these methods.
The effects of concurrent visual feedback on the control of swimming intensities above the onset of blood lactate accumulation

Purpose. Effective control of swimming speed can increase training effectiveness and therefore enhance training adaptations. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of concurrent visual feedback on swimming speed at an exercise intensity above the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA). Methods. the study involved 12 healthy male and female swim team members. the participants executed two 200-m freestyle trials within an individually predetermined swim time matching an exercise intensity above OBLA (exercise zone 4). In one trial, no additional information was provided, whereas concurrent visual feedback was given on swimming speed in the other. Results. concurrent visual feedback narrowed the discrepancy between the predetermined and obtained swimming times (p < 0.001). this improvement in swimming time (accuracy) showed a negative correlation with the increase in post-trial lactate concentration. the correlation between the difference in the predetermined and obtained times and the increase in lactate was R = –0.46 when no visual feedback was provided but R = –0.64 with visual feedback, with the latter result statistically significant (p = 0.024). Conclusions. concurrent visual feedback allows swimmers to consistently maintain a predetermined swimming speed and therefore keep the specified exercise intensity as evidenced by the increase in lactate concentration. this can result in more effective execution of training goals and thereby enhance training outcomes.
Survivability-oriented negotiation algorithms for multi-domain virtual networks

As network virtualisation continues to receive attention, recent proposals have advocated for survivability in network virtualisation environments (NVEs). However, research work within the same area has mainly focused on the single provider environment, leaving network survivability in multi-domain environments largely unexplored. In particular, survivability in heterogeneous physical networks raises questions with regard to the negotiation between competing parties so as to form coalitions for resource provisioning. In this paper, we propose a distributed negotiation algorithm which uses a system of entities to support survivability in a multi-domain NVE. The objective is to make each of the virtual network providers adaptive and dynamic by modelling them with capacity to perform QoS aware resource back-ups and/or restorations for physical link failures.