Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergence of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli producing TEM-1 derivatives or an OXA-1 beta-lactamase conferring resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors

Sixteen Escherichia coli clinical isolates which were resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate but susceptible to cephalothin were studied. Eight strains showed the presence of a beta-lactamase which comigrates with reference OXA-1 enzyme. The eight other strains produced different TEM-1 derivatives which had in common a higher Km for penicillins and a higher 50% inhibitory concentration for the beta-lactamase inhibitors. By oligotyping and sequencing of PCR products, it was shown that Ser (AGC) (TEM-30; also called TRI-1) in three strains and Cys (TGC) (TEM-31; also called TRI-2) in one strain were substituted for Arg-241 (CGC), that Leu (CTG) (TEM-33) and Val (GTG) (TEM-34) in one strain each were substituted for Met-67 (ATG), and that in other mutants the two latter substitutions occurred together with the substitution of Asp (GAT) (TEM-35 and TEM-36) for Asn-272 (AAT). Therefore, different sets of amino acid substitutions of TEM-1 can be found in clinical isolates and lead to resistance to beta-lactamase inhibitors.
Students' perception of the design of common space and its role in sense of community and belonging

approved: ______________________________________________________ Marilyn Read Elif Tural Students are now required to live a minimum of their freshman year in the residence halls. This time spent in the residence halls is a time of transition; living on their own, for what may be the first time for many, can be a struggle. Students are adjusting to a new way of life. These residence halls can have a significant influence on students’ perception of sense of community. If positive, this may help increase students retention rate after freshman year. It is important to understand this transition, what aids in the transition, and how the physical environment plays a part in this transition as to create a more positive experience for students to come and stay. The purpose of this study was to explore university dormitory residents’ perceptions of common areas, and the role of these common areas in their sense of community and belonging. Sense of community is a strong indicator of a successful transition. This study addressed four research questions: Question #1: What are student’s general perceptions of common areas? Question #2: How do students use the common space? Question #3: What are students’ perceptions of the function and aesthetics design of the common area? Question #4: How do students’ use this space to socialize with others? The method used in this study consisted of semi-structured interviews conducted by the student researcher. The participants were recruited through an email listserv as well as in-person convenience sampling. These interviews were conducted in a private room, audio recorded and transcribed for analysis. The data were coded for significant themes. These themes focused on the use of the common space; the aesthetics as well as the students’ overall perception of their transition. We see a connection with the physical environment and the students place attachment in terms of experiences shared with other students, regardless of these experiences’ being in work or social situations. This membership is how we see the sense of community develop. The students contributed their successful transition to knowing not only the physical environment as well as in relationships formed on campus. This information may aid student housing personnel as they work with students as well as students time on campus, specifically, the students transitioning to campus living. The data may be used in developing student evaluations as well as updates on the residence hall furnishing and equipment. Understanding more about the student experience and their perception of this experience may aid in creating a better student experience and thus result in higher retention rates. ©Copyright by Megan Michele Knight July 17, 2015 All Rights Reserved STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE DESIGN OF COMMON SPACE AND ITS ROLE IN SENSE OF COMMUNITY AND BELONGING by Megan Michele Knight
Endogenous Institutional Selection, Building Trust, and Economic Growth

Private-order market institutions founded on trust-based relational contracts suffer adverse selection and moral hazard problems, while public-order market institutions have a limited capacity to enforce contracts. I model agent selection between contract enforcement institutions and demonstrate that the state's contract enforcement capacity is complementary to private-order contract enforcement institutions for low to moderate levels of public-order enforcement capacity. This suggests that initial improvements to public-order institutions cause the accumulation of trust and result in economic growth in both institutions. However, I show that the private-order institution must eventually collapse once the level of public-order contract enforcement capacity gets too large.
Freedoms In the Classroom: Cultivating a Successful Third Space for Literacy Growth

This phenomenologically-based, action research study looked at themes across the interviews of college students after they participated in the Digital Reading Log (DRL); a literacy-based activity utilizing the Internet, word processing software and email. The purpose of this study was to investigate students’ experiences in the basic skills reading classroom while engaged with the DRL. Findings indicate that the DRL afforded the students various freedoms, such as freedom of language and choice. The data suggested that the instructor was able to draw upon these freedoms to effectively create a Third Space that improved struggling young adult readers’ understanding of text while increasing their motivation to read.
Figure–ground organization and the emergence of proto-objects in the visual cortex

A long history of studies of perception has shown that the visual system organizes the incoming information early on, interpreting the 2D image in terms of a 3D world and producing a structure that provides perceptual continuity and enables object-based attention. Recordings from monkey visual cortex show that many neurons, especially in area V2, are selective for border ownership. These neurons are edge selective and have ordinary classical receptive fields (CRF), but in addition their responses are modulated (enhanced or suppressed) depending on the location of a ‘figure’ relative to the edge in their receptive field. Each neuron has a fixed preference for location on one side or the other. This selectivity is derived from the image context far beyond the CRF. This paper reviews evidence indicating that border ownership selectivity reflects the formation of early object representations (‘proto-objects’). The evidence includes experiments showing (1) reversal of border ownership signals with change of perceived object structure, (2) border ownership specific enhancement of responses in object-based selective attention, (3) persistence of border ownership signals in accordance with continuity of object perception, and (4) remapping of border ownership signals across saccades and object movements. Findings 1 and 2 can be explained by hypothetical grouping circuits that sum contour feature signals in search of objectness, and, via recurrent projections, enhance the corresponding low-level feature signals. Findings 3 and 4 might be explained by assuming that the activity of grouping circuits persists and can be remapped. Grouping, persistence, and remapping are fundamental operations of vision. Finding these operations manifest in low-level visual areas challenges traditional views of visual processing. New computational models need to be developed for a comprehensive understanding of the function of the visual cortex.
Ego Identity Status and Psychological Well-Being Among Turkish Emerging Adults

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of gender and ego identity status (identity achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, and identity diffusion) in predicting psychological well-being among Turkish emerging adults. The study sample comprised 301 emerging adults aged 19–25 years (mean age: 22.03; SD = 1.46) who were attending a university. Self-reporting scales were used to assess ego identity status (Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status) and psychological well-being (Multi-Dimensional Psychological Well-Being Scale). Hierarchical regression analysis showed identity achievement to be a positive predictor of all psychological well-being dimensions whereas moratorium, foreclosure, and identity diffusion were found to be negative predictors of several well-being dimensions. These results suggest that identity commitment following exploration of possible alternatives is an important factor in the psychological well-being of emerging adults in a non-Western cultural context.
Projected Clustering Particle Swarm Optimization and Classification

Supervised learning algorithms are trained with labeled data only. But labeling the data can be costly and hence the amount of labeled data available may be limited. Training the classifiers with limited amount of labeled data can lead to low classification accuracy. Hence pre-processing the data is required for getting better classification accuracy. Full dimensional clustering has been used in literature as pre- processing step to classification methods. But in high dimensional data different clusters may exist in different subspaces of the dataset. Projected Clustering Particle Swarm Optimization (PCPSO) finds optimal centers of subspace clusters by optimizing a subspace cluster validation index. In this paper we use PCPSO method to find subspace clusters present in the dataset. The subspace clusters found and limited amount of available labeled data are used to label the large amount of unlabelled data that is present in the dataset. Various classification methods are then applied on the data pre-processed by using PCPSO. In this paper we propose PCPSO-Classification method. Various new classification methods like PCPSO-Naive bayes, PCPSO-Multi layer perceptron and PCPSO-Decision table can be obtained by using different classification methods like Naive bayes, Multi layer perceptron and Decision table respectively in the classification stage of proposed PCPSO-Classification method. When the dataset contains subspace clusters and labeling the data is costly due to which available labeled data is limited then the structure of data may be used along with available limited labeled data to label the large amount of unlabeled data. After pre-processing the data the amount of labeled data is not limited. We applied PCPSO-Naive bayes, PCPSO-Multi layer perceptron and PCPSO-Decision table methods on synthetic datasets and found classification accuracy improved significantly compared to using Naive bayes, Multi layer perceptron and Decision table for classification with limited available labeled data for training classifiers. The subspace clusters found by PCPSO can be used for different types of pre-processing for solving different problems before applying classification methods on datasets. In this paper we considered the problem of limited labeled data and using PCPSO to find subspace clusters which are used for labeling large amount of unlabeled data with the help of available limited labeled data.
Evaluation of protective action of fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride and their combination in diabetic Sprague Dawley rats

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride alone and their combination in diabetic rat liver. Fifty six male Sprague dawley rats of uniform age were randomly divided into seven groups. Group 1: Non-diabetic control; Group 2: Streptozotocin (40 mg/Kg i/p single dose)-induced diabetic control; Group 3: Insulin (4 U/kg once daily for 8 weeks) treatment in diabetic rats; Group 4: Glimepiride (4 mg/Kg orally once daily for 8 weeks) treatment in diabetic rats; Group 5: Fenugreek seed powder treatment (1 g/kg orally once daily for 8 weeks) in diabetic rats; Group 6: Insulin + Fenugreek seed powder treatment (once daily for 8 weeks) in diabetic rats; Group 7: Glimepiride + Fenugreek seed powder treatment (once daily for 8 weeks) in diabetic rats. Livers were collected at the end of experiment for histopathology and estimation of reduced glutathione (GSH), thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), Na+/K+ ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase, cytochrome P450 (CYP) and glycogen. There was an increase in the concentration of TBARS and protein carbonyls, and decrease in the concentration of GSH and glycogen, and the activity of GST, G6PD, Na+/K+ ATPase and Mg2+ ATPase in diabetic livers, while treatment groups showed significant (P < 0.05) increase in the above parameters. The histology of liver revealed marked changes in diabetic rats and mild changes in combination treatment groups. The treatment with fenugreek, insulin and glimepiride improved the liver parameters in diabetic rats and their combination showed a beneficial effect on liver.
LES BESOINS DES VICTIMES DANS LE SYSTÈME DE JUSTICE CRIMINELLE VICTIMS' NEEDS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

French Abstract: Pendant les annees 1980 et 1990, de nouvelles legislations et de nouveaux programmes ont ete introduits au Quebec afin d’ameliorer le traitement des victimes d’acte criminel. Un des changements des plus significatifs pour les victimes fut l’adoption de la Loi sur l’aide aux victimes d’actes criminels en 1988, qui garantissait aux victimes certains droits, incluant le droit a l’information, a la reparation et au support. Malgre tout, la loi ne specifie aucune consequence dans les cas ou les droits des victimes ne seraient pas respectes, ce qui fait en sorte que les victimes se sont vues donner des droits sans force executoire. En 1995, le Ministere de la Justice du Quebec a introduit le programme INFOVAC, afin de faciliter l’acces des victimes a l’information. A la suite de ces changements, le Comite de droit criminel du Barreau du Quebec publiait un rapport en 1998 sur le role des victimes au sein du systeme de justice penale. Ce rapport specifiait qu’il fallait d’abord verifier l’efficacite des mesures actuelles avant de considerer de nouvelles legislations pour les victimes d’acte criminel. Malgre cette recommandation du Barreau du Quebec, aucune evaluation de l’experience des victimes dans le systeme de justice penale quebecois n’a ete entreprise. La presente etude vise a combler ce vide en fournissant de l’information systematique sur la maniere dont les victimes sont traitees au sein du systeme de justice penale. English Abstract: Throughout the 1980s and 1990s new legislation and programs were introduced in Quebec in order to improve the treatment of crime victims. One of the more significant changes for victims was the adoption of the Loi sur l’aide aux victimes d'actes criminels in 1988, which granted victims a number of rights including the right to information, reparation and support. However, the law did not specify any consequences should victims rights not be respected and thus victims were given rights without remedy. In 1995 the Ministere de la Justice, Quebec introduced the INFOVAC program in order facilitate victim notification by the police and the courts. Following these changes, in 1998 the Criminal Law Committee of the Quebec Bar Association published a report on the role of victims in the criminal justice system, in which they argued that before considering new legislation for victims, the effectiveness of the measures taken so far needed to be evaluated. Despite the Quebec Bars's recommendation, an evaluation of victims' experiences was never undertaken in Quebec. The present study aims to fill this void by providing systematic information on how victims in Quebec are treated within the criminal justice system.
Avoiding Algorithmic Obfuscation in a Message-driven Parallel Md Code

Parallel molecular dynamics programs employing shared memory or replicated data architectures encounter problems scaling to large numbers of processors. Spatial decomposition schemes offer better performance in theory, but often suffer from complexity of implementation and difficulty in load balancing. In the program NAMD 2, we have addressed these issues with a hybrid decomposition scheme in which atoms are distributed among processors in regularly sized patches while the work involved in computing interactions between patches is decomposed into independently assignable compute objects. When needed, patches are represented on remote processors by proxies. The execution of compute objects takes place in a prioritized message-driven manner, allowing maximum overlap of work and communication without significant programmer effort. In order to avoid obfuscation of the simulation algorithm by the parallel framework, the algorithm associated with a patch is encapsulated by a single function executing in a separate thread. Output and calculations requiring globally reduced quantities are similarly isolated in a single thread executing on the master node. This combination of features allows us to make efficient use of large parallel machines and clusters of mul-tiprocessor workstations while presenting minimal barriers to method development and implementation.
Motion Sensorless Bidirectional PWM Converter Control with Seamless Switching from Power Grid to Stand Alone and Back

This paper presents concepts and tests results on a flexible sensorless control strategy for a PMSG driven by a small wind turbine with back-to-back power converters capable to function in both stand alone and grid connection mode. A new automatic seamless transfer method, based on phase-locked-loop technique, from grid connected to stand alone and vice versa in the event of a fault on grid is proposed. Tests results show the proposed method works properly
A new note on spectra of optimal and superoptimal preconditioned matrices

Recently, Cheng et al. [Lin. Alg. Appl. 422 (2007): 482–485] proposed the spectral comparison of optimal preconditioner in Chan [SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput. 9 (1988): 766–771] and superoptimal preconditioner in Tyrtyshnikov [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 13 (1992): 459–473]. In this paper, based on the work of Cheng et al., we further compare the spectra of optimal and superoptimal preconditioned matrices.
Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us

Introduction: The Problem. "Experiencing" the Psychopath. Focusing the Picture. The Profile: Feelings and Relationships. The Profile: Lifestyle. Internal Controls: The Missing Piece. Crime: The Logical Choice. White-Collar Psychopaths. Words from an Overcoat Pocket. Flies in the Web. The Roots of the Problem. The Ethics of Labeling. Can Anything Be Done? A Survival Guide. Epilogue.
New Journal of Physics d-Wave superconductivity as a catalyst for antiferromagnetism in underdoped cuprates

In underdoped high-Tc cuprates, d-wave superconductivity competes with antiferromagnetism. It has generally been accepted that suppressing superconductivity leads to the nucleation of spin-density wave (SDW) order with wavevector near (π, π). We show theoretically, for a d-wave superconductor in an applied magnetic field including disorder and electronic correlations, that the creation of SDW order is in fact not simply due to suppression of superconductivity, but rather due to a correlation-induced splitting of an electronic bound state arising from the sign change of the order parameter along quasiparticle trajectories. The induced SDW order is therefore a direct consequence of the d-wave symmetry. The formation of anti-phase domain walls proves to be crucial for explaining the heretofore puzzling temperature dependence of the induced magnetism as measured by neutron diffraction. A superconductor is characterized by a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) order parameter 1k(R), where R is the center-of-mass coordinate of a Cooper pair of electrons with momenta (k, −k). The bulk ground state of such a system is homogeneous, but a spatial perturbation that breaks pairs, e.g. a magnetic impurity, may cause the suppression of 1k(R) locally. What is revealed when superconductivity is suppressed is the electronic phase in the absence of 1k, a normal Fermi liquid. Thus the low-energy excitations near magnetic impurities and in the vortex 4 Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed. New Journal of Physics 12 (2010) 053043 1367-2630/10/053043+17$30.00 © IOP Publishing Ltd and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft
Motor Deficits and Cerebellar Atrophy in Elovl5 Knock Out Mice

Spino-Cerebellar-Ataxia type 38 (SCA38) is caused by missense mutations in the very long chain fatty acid elongase 5 gene, ELOVL5. The main clinical findings in this disease are ataxia, hyposmia and cerebellar atrophy. Mice in which Elovl5 has been knocked out represent a model of the loss of function hypothesis of SCA38. In agreement with this hypothesis, Elovl5 knock out mice reproduced the main symptoms of patients, motor deficits at the beam balance test and hyposmia. The cerebellar cortex of Elovl5 knock out mice showed a reduction of thickness of the molecular layer, already detectable at 6 months of age, confirmed at 12 and 18 months. The total perimeter length of the Purkinje cell (PC) layer was also reduced in Elovl5 knock out mice. Since Elovl5 transcripts are expressed by PCs, whose dendrites are a major component of the molecular layer, we hypothesized that an alteration of their dendrites might be responsible for the reduced thickness of this layer. Reconstruction of the dendritic tree of biocytin-filled PCs, followed by Sholl analysis, showed that the distribution of distal dendrites was significantly reduced in Elovl5 knock out mice. Dendritic spine density was conserved. These results suggest that Elovl5 knock out mice recapitulate SCA38 symptoms and that their cerebellar atrophy is due, at least in part, to a reduced extension of PC dendritic arborization.
FACTORS INFLUENCING DECISION PROCESS INNOVATION PSYCHOLOGICAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS INFLUENCING DECISION PROCESS INNOVATION : THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED THREAT TO MANAGERIAL POWER

Organizations often face complex choices involving uncertainty, trade-offs, and broad consequences, but responding to such situations in rational ways can be hampered by individual decision makers’ cognitive limitations. The framework of decision analysis (DA) provides a unified collection of analytical decisionmaking tools and procedures that are designed to help managers cope with difficult decisions, yet little is known about what influences the ability of firms to innovate with respect to decision-making practices. This paper investigates factors that facilitate and impede adoption of decision process innovations. Integrating individual-level theories of technology acceptance and managerial innovation with organization-level theories of innovation, we present the results of a multilevel empirical survey of 160 senior managers from a variety of organizations. Our survey incorporates measures of individual psychological perceptions, organization structure, and environmental context. We find support for many of the variables that have previously been found to predict innovation, namely attitudes toward the innovation, organizational culture, degree of centralization, and concerns for legitimacy in the institutional environment. Furthermore, we examine a previously unexplored individual-level issue in innovation research, perceived threat to managerial value and control, and find that a key barrier to decision process innovation is the tendency for managers to perceive such innovations as threats to their own value, discretion, and control. This impediment to innovation is mitigated by highly formalized organizational structures, presumably because such structures are characterized by strict rules and hierarchy that are perceived to preserve authority and power.