Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Axis-I Comorbidity in Female Patients With Dissociative Identity Disorder and Dissociative Identity Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

The aim of this study was to investigate axis-I comorbidity in patients with dissociative identity disorder (DID) and dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS). Using the Diagnostic Interview for Psychiatric Disorders, results from patients with DID (n = 44) and DDNOS (n = 22) were compared with those of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 13), other anxiety disorders (n = 14), depression (n = 17), and nonclinical controls (n = 30). No comorbid disorders were found in nonclinical controls. The average number of comorbid disorders in patients with depression or anxiety was 0 to 2. Patients with dissociative disorders averagely suffered from 5 comorbid disorders. The most prevalent comorbidity in DDNOS and DID was PTSD. Comorbidity profiles of patients with DID and DDNOS were very similar to those in PTSD (high prevalence of anxiety, somatoform disorders, and depression), but differed significantly from those of patients with depression and anxiety disorders. These findings confirm the hypothesis that PTSD, DID, and DDNOS are phenomenologically related syndromes that should be summarized within a new diagnostic category.
Optimal and suboptimal receivers for maximal-rate root-LDPC codes over MIMO block-fading channels

This paper deals with full-diversity schemes for MIMO systems in a slowly-varying fading environment. We consider LDPC codes expressly designed for block-fading channels (rootcheck LDPC) and we couple them with spatial multiplexing, to show that they achieve diversity gain, unlike traditional LDPC codes. At the receiver, we consider an iterative turbo-like receiver, both with the optimal demodulator and a suboptimal one, based on linear MMSE filtering. To improve the performance of the latter one, a power unbalance between transmit antennas is introduced. Simulation results and semianalytical techniques like EXIT charts show that our optimized schemes do achieve full diversity.
Content-Aware Video Adaptation under Low-Bitrate Constraint

With the development of wireless network and the improvement of mobile device capability, video streaming is more and more widespread in such an environment. Under the condition of limited resource and inherent constraints, appropriate video adaptations have become one of the most important and challenging issues in wireless multimedia applications. In this paper, we propose a novel content-aware video adaptation in order to effectively utilize resource and improve visual perceptual quality. First, the attention model is derived from analyzing the characteristics of brightness, location, motion vector, and energy features in compressed domain to reduce computation complexity. Then, through the integration of attention model, capability of client device and correlational statistic model, attractive regions of video scenes are derived. The information object- (IOB-) weighted rate distortion model is used for adjusting the bit allocation. Finally, the video adaptation scheme dynamically adjusts video bitstream in frame level and object level. Experimental results validate that the proposed scheme achieves better visual quality effectively and efficiently.
A Blind Adaptive Tuning Algorithm for Reliable and Energy-Efficient Communication in IEEE 802.15.4 Networks

Previous studies have shown that the IEEE 802.15. 4 CSMA/CA with default parameter values suffers from a severe unreliability problem, which is undesirable in many wireless sensor network applications. For time-varying and unknown operating conditions, how to autonomously adjust parameters for reliability guarantees with low energy consumption is a significant challenge, especially when the acknowledgement (ACK) mechanism is disabled in order to reduce extra overhead and waiting time in control or alarm applications. In this paper, we propose a lightweight distributed algorithm called Blind ADaptive Access Parameter Tuning (BADAPT) for reliable and energy-efficient communication in IEEE 802.15. 4 networks without using the ACK mechanism. Unlike previous adaptive algorithms that require a costly ACK to notify a sensor node whether a packet is successfully transmitted or not, the BADAPT allows sensor nodes to merely use the locally measured busy channel probabilities to estimate individual reliability under unknown operating conditions. Simulation results show that the BADAPT is effective both in stationary and dynamic scenarios.
Optimal work–rest cycles for an isometric intermittent gripping task as a function of force, posture and grip span

The aim of this study was to investigate the maximum acceptable contraction frequencies (i.e. work–rest cycles) for an isometric-intermittent handgrip task as a function of grip span, applied force and shoulder posture using psychophysical and physiological approaches. Twelve healthy males served as subjects. The three grip spans investigated were the optimal, 2 cm narrower than the optimal, and 2 cm wider than the optimal. The grip force levels studied were 15% and 30% of maximum voluntary grip force and the two shoulder postures were 25° flexion and 30° abduction. The psychophysical results indicate that subjects work faster with the narrower grip span at 15% of maximum voluntary grip force level in comparison to working with the optimal and the wider spans. However, when the task required 30% of maximum grip force level, the subjects worked faster with the optimal grip span. These findings were supported by the results of electromyography, heart rate, blood pressure and perceived discomfort. The study suggests that grip span of a tool is an important factor to be considered in predicting optimal work–rest cycles for hand grip tasks, and the optimum setting of grip span of the hand-tool depends on the required task force level. That is, the optimality is relative rather than absolute. In addition, it appears that weaker subjects can work at a higher rate than stronger ones at the same relative force level.
Tangible NURBS-curve manipulation techniques using graspable handles on a large display

This paper presents tangible interaction techniques for fine-tuning one-to-one scale NURBS curves on a large display for automotive design. We developed a new graspable handle with a transparent groove that allows designers to manipulate virtual curves on a display screen directly. The use of the proposed handle leads naturally to a rich vocabulary of terms describing interaction techniques that reflect existing shape styling methods. A user test raised various issues related to the graspable user interface, two-handed input, and large-display interaction.
Evolving Mobile Robots in Simulated and Real Environments

The problem of the validity of simulation is particularly relevant for methodologies that use machine learning techniques to develop control systems for autonomous robots, as, for instance, the artificial life approach known as evolutionary robotics. In fact, although it has been demonstrated that training or evolving robots in real environments is possible, the number of trials needed to test the system discourages the use of physical robots during the training period. By evolving neural controllers for a Khepera robot in computer simulations and then transferring the agents obtained to the real environment we show that (a) an accurate model of a particular robot-environment dynamics can be built by sampling the real world through the sensors and the actuators of the robot; (b) the performance gap between the obtained behaviors in simulated and real environments may be significantly reduced by introducing a conservative form of noise; (c) if a decrease in performance is observed when the system is transferred to a real environment, successful and robust results can be obtained by continuing the evolutionary process in the real environment for a few generations.
A handbook for uncovering the complete energetic budget in insects : the van Handel ’ s method ( 1985 ) revisited

Insects comprise relevant biological models for investigating nutrient acquisition and allocation processes in the context of life-history ecology and evolution. However, empirical investigations are still partly limited by the lack of availability of simple methods for simultaneously estimating the four major energetic components (i.e. lipids, free sugars, glycogen and proteins) in the same individual. In the present work, we validate a fast, reproducible and cheap method for overcoming this problem that uses different solvents successively. First, proteins are solubilized in a phosphate-lysis buffer and then quantified according to the classical Bradford assay procedure. In a second step, a chloroform–methanol mixture is added to the aqueous phase, which allows assay of the total lipid fraction, as well as the free sugars and glycogen in the same insect homogenate. In addition, a micro-separation procedure is adapted to partition the total lipids into neutral (mainly stored lipids) and polar (mainly structural lipids) components. Although these assays are conducted sequentially in the same individual, the sensitivity of our method remains high: the estimated amount of each energetic compartment does not differ from that obtained with former, partial methods. Our method should thus largely improve our knowledge about nutrient acquisition and allocation among insects not only in laboratory-reared individuals, but also in animals caught in the wild. Descriptions and recommendations are given at each step of the protocol to adapt the procedure to various insect species. Finally, to prevent misinterpretation of data generated in accordance with this protocol, the limits of our method are discussed in the light of life-history studies.
Internet Engineering Task Force (ietf) Summarizing Known Attacks on Transport Layer Security (tls) and Datagram Tls (dtls)

Over the last few years, there have been several serious attacks on Transport Layer Security (TLS), including attacks on its most commonly used ciphers and modes of operation. This document summarizes these attacks, with the goal of motivating generic and protocol-specific recommendations on the usage of TLS and Datagram TLS (DTLS). (IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has received public review and has been approved for publication by the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Not all documents approved by the IESG are a candidate for any level of Internet Standard; see Section 2 of RFC 5741. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License.
EETSS: Energy Efficient Transitive Signature Scheme for Secure Group Communication in MANETs

A secure group communication in Mobile Ad-Hock Networks is challenging due to the mobility and limitations in computational and battery power of the nodes. This can be achieved by multicast routing protocol that ensures security through key management schemes. In this paper we proposed an energy efficient multicast routing protocol to establish the group in MANETS. In order to preserve security in data transmission, transitive signature scheme was introduced to enhance the security among the group nodes. The nodes may join/leave the group dynamically. To achieve this, the rekeying operation is performed for every change that happens in the group. The performance analysis on computational and communicational cost is done by varying group size and energy level of the nodes. This scheme results in low computational cost with respect to other protocols. Keyword- Energy efficient Multicast Routing Protocol, Secure Group Communications, Transitive Signature scheme, MANET. I. INTRODUCTION A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a system of wireless mobile nodes that dynamically self-organize in arbitrary and temporary network topologies. In mobile ad hoc network, nodes can directly communicate with all the other nodes within their radio frequency range; whereas nodes that are not in the direct communication range use intermediate node(s) to communicate with each other. In these two situations, all the nodes that have participated in the communication automatically form a wireless network, therefore this kind of wireless network can be viewed as mobile ad hoc network. These properties make MANET very suitable for group communications. This document is a template. An electronic copy can be downloaded from the conference website. For questions on paper guidelines, please contact the conference publications committee as indicated on the conference website. Information about final paper submission is available from the conference website.
Efficient implementation of Diffie-Hellman (DH) key distribution algorithm in pool-based cryptographic systems (PBCSs)

Efficient software based implementations of Diffie-Hellman (DH) key distribution algorithm in pool-based cryptographic systems (PBCSs) are presented. In PBCSs, the true random numbers (TRNs) are generated by a hardware-based true random number generator (TRNG), and stored in a limited-size pool inside or outside of the TRNG. TRNs are pulled from this pool when they are needed by the applications running in the PBCS. Our implementations are based on using the generated true random bits (TRBs) in the pool as efficiently and as long as possible. Note that these implementations are valid only when generating exactly k-bit random numbers for a k-bit DH. We find that our implementations of DH algorithm provide considerable improvements on the efficient use of the generated TRBs for a limited-size pool, and on the performance of the PBCSs. To our knowledge, this is the first work on using pool-based TRBs and TRNs in the implementations of DH algorithm.
Mechano-Chemical Reclamationof Waste Rubber Powder andIts Effect on the performanceof NR and SBR Vulcanizates

Waste rubber powder (RP) was processed in a Brabenderpremixer under various conditions in the presence of reclaiming agents toconvert the RP into plastic mass (reclaimed rubber), then the obtained reclaimwas blended with both NR and SBR in different ratios. It was found that thebehavior of the reclaim in both NR and SBR is the same. The rheometriccharacteristics show that by increasing the reclaim ratio, the curing time wasdecreased and consequently the cure rate index was increased. Also themaximum torque of the same rubber compounds was decreased. The physico-mechanical data of the reclaim/NR and reclaim/SBR blends showthat the tensile strength as well as elongation at break were decreased withincreasing the reclaim ratio in the blend. On the other hand the equilibrium swellingwas increased. However one can replace about 10–30% of NR or SBR by thereclaim without sacrificing the essential characteristics of the rubber vulcanizates.
Construction Financial Crisis Warning Model Using Data Mining

This paper employs artificial neural network of data mining and decision tree algorithm to build financial crisis warning model. The research results show that, forecasting performance of artificial neural network is better than that of decision tree model, hence, “financial statement average warning model” established through artificial neural network based on the average revenue of the past three years before financial crisis has better forecasting performance than the “annual report forecast model”. Factor analysis is employed to select common factor in 1 year before financial crisis, and the critical variables of financial crisis are found to be: debt-to-equity ratio, quick ratio, borrowing dependence, inventory turnover ratio, and earnings per share. According to the decision tree rule, variables differentiable to financial crisis warning are debt-to-equity ratio, earnings per share, and borrowing dependence.
Molecular Mechanisms of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection and Perspectives on Treatments

Since its emergence in the 1990s, White Spot Disease (WSD) has had major economic and societal impact in the crustacean aquaculture sector. Over the years shrimp farming alone has experienced billion dollar losses through WSD. The disease is caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV), a large dsDNA virus and the only member of the Nimaviridae family. Susceptibility to WSSV in a wide range of crustacean hosts makes it a major risk factor in the translocation of live animals and in commodity products. Currently there are no effective treatments for this disease. Understanding the molecular basis of disease processes has contributed significantly to the treatment of many human and animal pathogens, and with a similar aim considerable efforts have been directed towards understanding host–pathogen molecular interactions for WSD. Work on the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in aquatic crustaceans has been restricted by a lack of sequenced and annotated genomes for host species. Nevertheless, some of the key host–pathogen interactions have been established: between viral envelope proteins and host cell receptors at initiation of infection, involvement of various immune system pathways in response to WSSV, and the roles of various host and virus miRNAs in mitigation or progression of disease. Despite these advances, many fundamental knowledge gaps remain; for example, the roles of the majority of WSSV proteins are still unknown. In this review we assess current knowledge of how WSSV infects and replicates in its host, and critique strategies for WSD treatment.
Metabolic, membrane, and functional responses of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to platelet-activating factor.

The phospholipid mediator of anaphylaxis, platelet-activating factor (PAF) is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). We have examined this agent's effects on several other PMN functions. Human PMN were prepared from heparinized venous blood by Ficoll gradient. Metabolic burst was examined by measurement of O2 use and O2. - production in the presence or absence of PAF (10(-6)--10(-9) M). Unless cells were treated with cytochalasin-B (5 micrograms/ml), no significant respiratory burst was demonstrated. However, pretreatment with PAF (10(-7) M) enhanced approximately threefold the O2 utilization found when cells were subsequently stimulated with 10(-7) M FMLP. PAF also stimulated arachidonic acid metabolism in 14C-arachidonic acid-labeled PMN. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of chloroform-methanol extracts showed substances that comigrated with authentic 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid had a marked increase in radioactivity following PAF stimulation at 10(-7) M. PAF failed to stimulate release of granule enzymes, B-glucuronidase, lysozyme, or myeloperoxidase unless cytochalasin-B were added. PAF from 10(-6) M to 10(-10) M affected PMN surface responses. PMN labeled with the fluorescent dye, chlorotetracycline, showed decreased fluorescence upon addition of PAF, suggesting translocation of membrane-bound cations. Further, the rate of migration of PMN in an electric field was decreased following PAF exposure, a change consistent with reduced cell surface charge. PMN self-aggregation and adherence to endothelial cells were both influenced by PAF (10(-6) M--10(-9) M). Aggregation was markedly stimulated by the compound, and the percent PMN adhering to endothelial cell monolayers increased almost twofold in the presence of 10(-8) M PAF. Thus, PAF promotes a variety of PMN responses: enhances respiratory burst, stimulates arachidonic acid turnover, alters cell membrane cation content and surface charge, and promotes PMN self-aggregation as well as adherence to endothelial cells.
CONSORT statement: extension to cluster randomised trials

Reports of cluster randomised trials require additional information to allow readers to interpret them accurately The effective reporting of randomised controlled trials has received useful attention in recent years. Many journals now require that reports conform to the guidelines in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, first published in 1996 and revised in 2001. The statement includes a checklist of items that should be included in the trial report. These items are evidence based whenever possible and are regularly reviewed. The statement also recommends including a flow diagram to show the flow of participants from group assignment through to the final analysis. The CONSORT statement focused on reporting parallel group randomised trials in which individual participants are randomly assigned to study groups. However, in some situations it is preferable to randomly assign groups of individuals (such as families or medical practices) rather than individuals. Reasons include the threat of contamination of some interventions (such as dietary interventions) if individual randomisation is used. 5 Also, in certain settings randomisation by group may be the only feasible method of conducting a trial. Trials with this design are variously known as field trials, community based trials, place based trials, or (as in this paper) cluster randomised trials. In an earlier discussion paper we considered the implications of the CONSORT statement for the reporting of cluster randomised trials. Here we present updated guidance, based on the 2001 revision of the CONSORT statement.
Pre- and Postnatal Exposure to Low Dose Glufosinate Ammonium Induces Autism-Like Phenotypes in Mice

Glufosinate ammonium (GLA) is one of the most widely used herbicides in agriculture. As is the case for most pesticides, potential adverse effects of GLA have not been studied from the perspective of developmental neurotoxicity. Early pesticides exposure may weaken the basic structure of the developing brain and cause permanent changes leading to a wide range of lifelong effects on health and/or behavior. Here, we addressed the developmental impact of GLA by exposing female mice to low dose GLA during both pre- and postnatal periods and analyzed potential developmental and behavioral changes of the offspring during infancy and adulthood. A neurobehavioral test battery revealed significant effects of GLA maternal exposure on early reflex development, pup communication, affiliative behaviors, and preference for social olfactory cues, but emotional reactivity and emotional memory remained unaltered. These behavioral alterations showed a striking resemblance to changes seen in animal models of Autistic Spectrum Disorders. At the brain level, GLA maternal exposure caused some increase in relative brain weight of the offspring. In addition, reduced expression of Pten and Peg3 – two genes implicated in autism-like deficits – was observed in the brain of GLA-exposed pups at postnatal day 15. Our work thus provides new data on the link between pre- and postnatal exposure to the herbicide GLA and the onset of autism-like symptoms later in life. It also raises fundamental concerns about the ability of current safety testing to assess risks of pesticide exposure during critical developmental periods.