Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential-Fed Patch Antenna Arrays With Low Cross Polarization and Wide Bandwidths

In this letter, two differential-fed Ku-band 2 × 2 patch antenna arrays with low cross polarization and wide bandwidths were developed using multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The patch elements in Design I were fed differentially, whereas the patches in Design II were single-ended. However, Design II is differential if the array is considered as a whole. The experimental demonstration revealed that Design I achieved a 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 15.3%. The measured gain was 10.41 dBi at 12.62 GHz with low cross polarization of -17.5 dB in the E-plane and -20.2 dB in the H-plane. Design II exhibited a 10-dB impedance bandwidth of 12.8%. The measured gain was 12.32 dBi at 13 GHz with cross polarization of -17.7 and -17 dB in the E-plane and H-plane, respectively. Design II achieves performance levels similar to that of Design I, but comprises a simple and compact feed network.
Shim Fetch and Decode Control Unit Program Counter Loop Ptr . 1 Iter . Count Loop Ptr . 2 Iter . Count Instruction

CESEL is a recently proposed cryptographic architecture that can accelerate a wide variety of ciphers, in contrast to most previous accelerator designs which focus on optimizing for a particular cipher. The architecture features a 32 lane SIMD architecture with 8-bit datapath, specialized execution units, and a control unit designed for cryptographic control flows. In this project we implement several cryptographic ciphers for CESEL, a RISCV microcontroller, and as a fixed function accelerator. We then evaluate the power efficiency of each design, allowing us to both compare CESEL’s performance on different ciphers, and investigate how easy it is to map new ciphers to CESEL.
An In-Depth Analysis of Raman and Near-Infrared Chemical Images of Common Pharmaceutical Tablets

This study reports on the application of Raman and near-infrared (NIR) imaging techniques for determining the spatial distribution of all (five) components in a common type of pharmaceutical tablet manufactured in two different ways. Multivariate chemical images were produced as principal component (PC) scores, while univariate images were produced by using the most unique spectra selected by the orthogonal projection approach (OPA), a searching algorithm. Multivariate Raman images were obtained for all five components in both tablets, while only two or three components could be imaged with the NIR instrument. Very interesting PC results are reported that in effect cast doubt on the effectiveness of the established criteria for determining signal-related PCs in the Raman data. PCA has been found to be indispensable for imaging the minor components using the Raman data. Significant similarity between the multivariate and univariate chemical images has been noted despite there being considerable spectral overlap within the Raman and, especially, within the NIR mapping data sets. Gray-scale images are carefully thresholded, which allowed for quantitative comparison of the obtained binarized images. A thorough discussion is given on the problems and approximations needed for producing composite images.
Cysteine proteinases are responsible for characteristic transketolase alterations in Alzheimer fibroblasts

Cultured fibroblasts from patients affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibited peculiar alterations of the enzyme transketolase (TK). Abnormalities (dubbed alkaline bands, ab) consisted of enzyme forms having unusually high pI and were proposed as a marker of the disease in living patients. The mechanisms of TK‐ab expression were investigated with the use of cysteine proteinase inhibitors and purified preparations of either rat liver or human cysteine proteinases. The cysteine proteinase inhibitors N‐acetyl‐leu‐leu‐norleucinal (ALLN), L‐trans‐Epoxy‐succinyl‐leucylamido(4‐guanidino)butane (E‐64), and egg white cystatin added to AD cells just prior to extraction abolished TK abnormalities. Moreover, 1 day incubation of AD cultures with either ALLN (10 μg/ml), NH4Cl (10 mM), or KCl (30 mM) prevented TK‐ab generation, due, presumably, to an impairment of lysosomal functions. Isolated rat liver cysteine proteinases were able to degrade TK in normal extracts and reproduce the characteristic TK‐ab of AD fibroblasts. Moreover, pure human cathepsin H was also shown to partially induce an Alzheimer‐like TK pattern and cleave normal TK to a 35 kDa fragment as spontaneously occurring in AD fibroblasts. The explanation of mechanisms of TK‐ab formation provided evidence for an underlying imbalance of proteolysis in AD fibroblasts due to a relative increase/derangement of the cysteine proteinases cathepsins which might be also involved in the reported abnormal processing of multiple cellular components. J. Cell. Physiol. 172:63–68, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Topic Detection via Participation Using Markov Logic Network

The advent of Web 2.0 enables the proliferation of online communities in which tremendous number of Internet users contribute and share enormous information. Proper exploitation of community structure help retrieving useful information and better understanding of their features. We employ Markov Logic Network to explore topic tracking by finding clusters, which represents latent topics, best fitting a set of rules. Rather than using contents in investigating discussions of a community, the user participation is used because it is believed that topics can be somehow reflected by the preferences of participation. User participation is also easier to process than text. The clustering results show this approach can reveal latent topics of a community effectively.
High isotope counts and sentinel node positivity in patients with melanoma.

BACKGROUND Radioisotope mapping is an essential technical component of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy, and most authors define success by an arbitrary threshold SLN-background ratio. HYPOTHESIS Few studies have examined the degree to which the relative level of SLN counts correlates with the presence of metastasis. Having removed the SLN with the highest counts, there are no data suggesting how far the surgeon should persist in removing additional SLNs that contain much lower levels of isotope. METHODS We performed 134 SLN biopsy procedures in 132 patients with melanoma. Successful isotope localization was defined using an SLN/"hottest" SLN ratio; we defined an SLN as any node containing counts at least 10% of that of the hottest SLN. RESULTS Of 83 patients with more than 1 SLN site identified, 21 (25%) had SLNs that contained metastasis. In 17 (81%) of these cases, the SLN with the highest countcontained tumor, but in 4 (19%) it was benign. Among these 4 patients, the counts of the hottest benign SLNs exceeded those of SLNs positive for metastasis on histological examination by a ratio of at least 10:1, and the counts of the positive SLNs were less than 4:1 of those of the background counts or the presence of blue dye failed to identify the positive SLN. No optimum ratio of SLN/SLN or SLN/background counts identified the positive SLN in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Although the SLN with the highest counts contained metastasis in 81% of patients with malignant melanoma and multiple SLNs, neither a relatively high isotope count nor the presence of blue dye consistently predicted SLN positivity. For maximum accuracy, SLN biopsy requires the removal of all nodes containing isotope regardless of the relative magnitude of counts and the concurrent use of blue dye to salvage those procedures in which isotope mapping fails.
Robust BF in large-scale antenna systems with imperfect channel state information

This paper addresses robust beamforming (BF) design for the uplink transmission of wireless networks, where the base station (BS) equipped with a very large number of antennas communicates with multiple users on the same frequency band simultaneously. Based on the assumption that the wireless channels undergo correlated Rayleigh fading, we first formulate an optimization problem to maximize the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the intended users. Then, by using the fact that channel uncertainty is norm-bounded and imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available at the BS, we transform the optimization problem to a support vector machine (SVM) regression one, and obtain the robust solution for the BF weight vectors by means of quadratic programming (QP) technique or iterative reweighted least squares (IRWLS) procedure. The computational cost of the proposed robust BF scheme depends on the number of channel vector samples rather than that of the antennas, thus it is suitable for the wireless systems with large-scale antennas. Finally, the efficiency and superiority of the proposed new scheme are confirmed through computer simulation.
“Active” Passive Sampling in Two Species of Lepomis from Par Pond, South Carolina, United States: a Case Study of Infracommunity Nestedness

Abstract The influence of ontological diet shifts on infracommunity nestedness was examined by comparing the infracommunity structure of Lepomis gulosus and Lepomis macrochirus at 2 localities in Par Pond, South Carolina, United States. Fill-constrained, occurrence-constrained, and abundance-constrained null models were used to evaluate the degree of nestedness. The presence–absence matrices from all 4 component communities had significantly fewer discrepancies than those produced by the fill-constrained model, and none had significantly fewer discrepancies than those produced by the occurrence-constrained model. Only the presence–absence matrix for the infracommunities of L. gulosus from the Cold Dam locality had significantly fewer discrepancies than those produced by the abundance-constrained null model. The nestedness of the 4 samples could not be distinguished from that expected under a hypothesis of passive sampling. A positive correlation between host size and total parasite abundance indicates the passive mechanism has a deterministic basis. Thus, even in the absence of habitat or diet shifts, nestedness can arise in infracommunities of freshwater fishes when older, larger fish have sampled more individuals from an uneven distribution of infective stages.
Sexual dimorphism of STGC 3 tumor suppressor function in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE 2 cells

STGC3 is a potential tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We previously found that CNE2 cells that reexpressed STGC3 formed smaller tumors in female mice than in male mice. Here, we investigated the sexual dimorphism of STGC3 as a tumor-suppressor in female and male nude mice injected subcutaneously with pcDNA3.1(+)-STGC3/CNE2 cells. ER-α was positively expressed in vitro in the CNE2 cells. The pcDNA3.1(+)-STGC3/ CNE2 cell growth rate decreased after treatment with β-estradiol in vitro. There were significant differences in tumor size or mass between pcDNA3.1(+)-STGC3/CNE2 and control cases (P < 0.05), but there were significant differences in tumor size between female and male nude mice in the STGC3 transfection groups, and the pcDNA3.1(+)-STGC3/ CNE2 tumor growth rate in the female nude mice was the lowest in all cases (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between female
Clinical correlates of the “rods and rings” antinuclear antibody pattern

Abstract The “rods and rings” (RR) antinuclear antibody (ANA) pattern is believed to be restricted to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and related to the treatment. This is a 4-year retrospective study of all patients with RR pattern from the 20 000 serum samples received at the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge for ANA testing. Two control groups with HCV patients without RR pattern: ANA-positive (n = 74) and ANA negative (n = 75) were included. Eighty-seven patients had samples with the RR pattern. Seventy-three were infected with HCV (prevalence of 15% in the HCV population). The RR pattern could not be related to ribavirin treatment, clinical status, biochemistry data, hepatic fibrosis, IL28B genotype, HCV genotype or the presence of autoantibodies related with autoimmune hepatitis. As 14 cases presented other diseases, mainly of autoimmune origin, the presence of RR antibodies may also be explained by alterations in immune regulation caused by autoimmunity or HCV in a particular genetic background.
Minimum clinically important difference in pain, disability, and quality of life after neural decompression and fusion for same-level recurrent lumbar stenosis: understanding clinical versus statistical significance.

OBJECT Spine surgery outcome studies rely on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurements to assess treatment effect, but the extent of improvement in the numerical scores of these questionnaires lacks a direct clinical meaning. Because of this, the concept of a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has been used to measure the critical threshold needed to achieve clinically relevant treatment effectiveness. As utilization of spinal fusion has increased over the past decade, so has the incidence of same-level recurrent stenosis following index lumbar fusion, which commonly requires revision decompression and fusion. The MCID remains uninvestigated for any PROs in the setting of revision lumbar surgery for this pathology. METHODS In 53 consecutive patients undergoing revision surgery for same-level recurrent lumbar stenosis-associated back and leg pain, PRO measures of back and leg pain were assessed preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively, using the visual analog scale for back pain (VAS-BP) and leg pain (VAS-LP), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Physical and Mental Component Summary categories of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12 PCS and MCS) for quality of life, Zung Depression Scale (ZDS), and EuroQol-5D health survey (EQ-5D). Four established anchor-based MCID calculation methods were used to calculate MCID (average change; minimum detectable change; change difference; and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis) for 2 separate anchors (health transition index of the SF-36 and the satisfaction index). RESULTS All patients were available for 2-year PRO assessment. Two years after surgery, a significant improvement was observed for all PROs assessed. The 4 MCID calculation methods generated a range of MCID values for each of the PROs (VAS-BP 2.2-6.0, VAS-LP 3.9-7.5, ODI 8.2-19.9, SF-12 PCS 2.5-12.1, SF-12 MCS 7.0-15.9, ZDS 3.0-18.6, and EQ-5D 0.29-0.52). Each patient answered synchronously for the 2 anchors, suggesting both of these anchors are equally appropriate and valid for this patient population. CONCLUSIONS The same-level recurrent stenosis surgery-specific MCID is highly variable based on calculation technique. The "minimum detectable change" approach is the most appropriate method for calculation of MCIDs in this population because it was the only method to reliably provide a threshold above the 95% confidence interval of the unimproved cohort (greater than the measurement error). Based on this method, the MCID thresholds following neural decompression and fusion for symptomatic same-level recurrent stenosis are 2.2 points for VAS-BP, 5.0 points for VAS-LP, 8.2 points for ODI, 2.5 points for SF-12 PCS, 10.1 points for SF-12 MCS, 4.9 points for ZDS, and 0.39 QALYs for EQ-5D.
On the Accuracy of Generalized Hammerstein Models for Nonlinear Active Noise Control

In this paper we extend a filtered-X affine projection (AP) algorithm for active noise control to controllers exploiting the recently proposed functional link artificial neural network (FLANN) based on trigonometric expansions. In fact, these structures belong to the class of filters characterized by a linear relationship between their output and the filter coefficients. Such a class includes linear filters as well as Volterra filters, for which filtered-X AP algorithms have already been derived. We show that the mentioned FLANN structures can be efficiently replaced by novel schemes using simple polynomial terms. These structures constitute a particular class of Volterra filters that we call generalized Hammerstein models
Temporal Consistency and Stability of Three Scales for Measuring Stress in Adults

We investigated the 30-min. temporal consistency and temporal stability of three focal scales for measuring stress: the Cognitive Anxiety Scale-State, the Focusing Inventory Scale-State, and the Somatic Symptom Scale-State. These scales are applicable for individually measured reduction in stress in research on outcome with older adolescents and adults. All possess excellent internal consistency. All manifested significant temporal consistency and good to excellent temporal stability over 30 min. in a nonclinical sample of 60 undergraduates. Small significant differences in means on the Cognitive Anxiety Scale-State and the Somatic Symptom Scale-State were noted. The phenomenological states associated with stress were stable and consistent over 30 min., the optimal time interval used in research on stress.
Occlusion-robust model learning for human pose estimation

In this paper we examine the efficacy of self-occlusion-aware appearance learning for the part based model. Appearance modeling with less accurate appearance data is problematic because it adversely affects entire learning process. We evaluate the effectiveness of mitigating the influence of self-occluded body parts to be modeled for better appearance modeling process. To meet this end, We introduce an effective method for scoring degree of self-occlusion and we employ an approach learning a sample proportionally weighted to the score. We present our approach improves the performance of human pose estimation.
A high-molecular-weight fraction of smooth lipopolysaccharide in Klebsiella serotype O1:K20 contains a unique O-antigen epitope and determines resistance to nonspecific serum killing

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen side chains of Klebsiella serotype O1 have been studied by using mutants selected by resistance to a Klebsiella bacteriophage designated O1-A. Two classes of LPS mutants were identified. The major group (90%) synthesized rough LPS. The remaining 10% of the mutants produced a novel LPS profile that lacked the highest-molecular-weight O-substituted molecules (HMW-LPS) but still produced lower-molecular-weight O-substituted species (LMW-LPS). By using antisera raised against mutant Klebsiella strains and antiserum specific for Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 4, it was demonstrated that HMW-LPS and LMW-LPS contain shared epitopes. HMW-LPS also contained an epitope absent in LMW-LPS. This unique epitope was recognized by a monoclonal antibody (O1-52.6) and appears to be responsible for the serological cross-reaction between the O antigens of Klebsiella O1 and Escherichia coli O19. This HMW-LPS epitope was present in eight other Klebsiella O1 isolates which were examined. Electron microscopy demonstrated that HMW-LPS excluded overlying capsular polysaccharide for a distance of 25 to 40 nm. The distance was reduced to 10 to 18 nm in strains which synthesized only LMW-LPS and to zero in rough LPS strains. The HMW-LPS of Klebsiella O1 was shown to be an important virulence determinant, since this molecule was responsible for the resistance of the bacterium to nonspecific, complement-mediated serum killing.
Design mentoring based on design evolution analysis

Developing and consistently evolving quality software designs requires both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. The former can be communicated in a classroom; the latter has to be acquired with hands-on experience in software development. Our recent work on design evolution has resulted in a framework for analyzing the structural differences of subsequent versions of design artifacts, such as the logical design of OO software and the user-interface design of interactive applications. In this paper, we discuss how design-evolution analysis can be used to assist developers in their tasks of understanding the design rationale of the system at hand and to advise them on how to consistently maintain and evolve it.
The Action Dimension of Artin Groups

The action dimension of a discrete group G is the minimum dimension of a contractible manifold, which admits a proper G-action. In this dissertation, we study the action dimension of general Artin groups. The main result is that the action dimension of an Artin group with the nerve L of dimension n for n 6= 2 is less than or equal to (2n+1) if the Artin group satisfies the K(π, 1)-Conjecture and the top cohomology group of L with Z-coefficients is trivial. For n = 2, we need one more condition on L to get the same inequality; that is the fundamental group of L is generated by r elements where r is the rank of H1(L,Z). We prove our theorem by constructing an aspherical manifold of dimension 2n + 1 which has the Artin group as its fundamental group. AMS classification numbers. Primary: 20F36, 20F65 Secondary: 32S22
vanO, a New Glycopeptide Resistance Operon in Environmental Rhodococcus equi Isolates

ABSTRACT We describe here the sequence and gene organization of a new glycopeptide resistance operon (vanO) in Rhodococcus equi from soil. The vanO operon has low homology to enterococcal van operons and harbors a vanHOX cluster transcribed in the direction opposite that of the vanS-vanR regulatory system and composed of three open reading frames with unknown function. This finding has clinical interest, since glycopeptides are used to treat R. equi infections and resistance has been reported in clinical isolates.
Disability, Compensatory Behavior, and Innovation in Free‐Ranging Adult Female Japanese Macaques (Macaca Fuscata)

Little is known about consequences of disability in nonhuman primates, yet individuals with disabilities can reveal much about behavioral flexibility, innovation, and the capabilities of a species. The Macaca fuscata population surrounding the Awajishima Monkey Center has experienced high rates of congenital limb malformation for at least 40 years, creating a unique opportunity to examine consequences of physical impairment in situ, in a relatively large sample of free‐ranging adult monkeys. Here we present behavioral data on 11 disabled adult females and 12 nondisabled controls from 279 hours of randomly ordered 30‐minute focal animal follows collected during May–August in 2005, 2006, and 2007. We quantified numerous statistically significant disability‐related behavioral differences among females. Disabled females spent less time begging for peanuts from tourists, and employed a behavioral variant of such peanut begging; they had a lower frequency of hand use in grooming and compensated with increased direct use of the mouth or a two‐arm pinch technique; and they had a higher frequency of self‐scratching, and more use of feet in self‐scratching. Self‐scratching against substrates was almost exclusively a disability associated behavior. Two females used habitual bipedalism. These differences not withstanding, disabled females behaved similarly to controls in many respects: overall reliance on provisioned and wild foods, time spent feeding, and feeding efficiency did not differ among females, and there was no time difference in behavior performed arboreally or terrestrially. Disabled adult females were able to compensate behaviorally to perform social and life‐sustaining activities, modifying existing behaviors to suit their individual physical situations and, occasionally, inventing new ways of doing things. Am. J. Primatol. 74:788‐803, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.