Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PTEN regulates p300-dependent hypoxia-inducible factor 1 transcriptional activity through Forkhead transcription factor 3a (FOXO3a)

The tumor suppressor PTEN is mutated or deleted in many tumors, causing the activation of the PI3K pathway. Here, we show that the loss of PTEN increases the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) through the inactivation of Forkhead transcription factors (FOXO) in PTEN-null cells. Reintroduction of PTEN into the nucleus, overexpression of a nonphosphorylatable FOXO3a, which accumulates in the nucleus, or inhibition of nuclear export of FOXO3a by leptomycin B represses HIF-1 transcriptional activity in PTEN-null cells. HIF-1 transcriptional activity increases in PTEN-positive cells depleted of FOXO3a with siRNA. PTEN and FOXO3a regulate the transactivation domain of HIF-1α. Chromatin immunoprecipitation indicates that FOXO3a complexes with HIF-1α and p300 on the Glut-1 promoter, a HIF-1 target gene. Overexpression of p300 reverses FOXO3a-mediated repression of HIF-1 transcriptional activity. Coimmunoprecipitation and GAL4-HIF-1α transactivation assays reveal that FOXO3a interferes with p300-dependent HIF-1 transcriptional activity. Thus, FOXO3a negatively regulates HIF-1 transcriptional activity.
Five-Level Z-Source Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter

This paper proposes a five-level Z-source neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter with two Z-source networks functioning as intermediate energy storages coupled between dc sources and NPC inverter circuitry. Analyzing the operational principles of Z-source network with partial delink shoot-through scheme reveals the hidden theories in the five-level Z-source NPC inverter unlike the operational principle appeared in the general two-level Z-source inverter, so that the five-level Z-source NPC inverter can be designed with the modulation of carrier-based phase disposition (PD) or alternative phase opposite disposition (APOD) technique. To verify the theoretical findings and practical issues, a scaled down laboratory prototype was constructed and tested with a 1.3 kw induction motor load.
A galaxy of folds

Many protein classification systems capture homologous relationships by grouping domains into families and superfamilies on the basis of sequence similarity. Superfamilies with similar 3D structures are further grouped into folds. In the absence of discernable sequence similarity, these structural similarities were long thought to have originated independently, by convergent evolution. However, the growth of databases and advances in sequence comparison methods have led to the discovery of many distant evolutionary relationships that transcend the boundaries of superfamilies and folds. To investigate the contributions of convergent versus divergent evolution in the origin of protein folds, we clustered representative domains of known structure by their sequence similarity, treating them as point masses in a virtual 2D space which attract or repel each other depending on their pairwise sequence similarities. As expected, families in the same superfamily form tight clusters. But often, superfamilies of the same fold are linked with each other, suggesting that the entire fold evolved from an ancient prototype. Strikingly, some links connect superfamilies with different folds. They arise from modular peptide fragments of between 20 and 40 residues that co‐occur in the connected folds in disparate structural contexts. These may be descendants of an ancestral pool of peptide modules that evolved as cofactors in the RNA world and from which the first folded proteins arose by amplification and recombination. Our galaxy of folds summarizes, in a single image, most known and many yet undescribed homologous relationships between protein superfamilies, providing new insights into the evolution of protein domains.
Relationship of tyrosine hydroxylase and serotonin immunoreactivity to sensorimotor circuitry in larval zebrafish

Our previous study tracked the ontogeny of aminergic systems in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Here we use tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT) immunoreactivity, in conjunction with retrograde and genetic labeling techniques, to provide a more refined examination of the potential synaptic contacts of aminergic systems. Our focus was on different levels of the sensorimotor circuit for escape, from sensory inputs, through identified descending pathways, to motor output. We observed 5‐HT reactivity in close proximity to the collaterals of the Rohon‐Beard sensory neurons in spinal cord. In the brainstem we found TH and 5‐HT reactivity closely apposed to the dendritic processes of the nucleus of the medial longitudinal fascicle (nMLF), in addition to the ventral dendrites of the Mauthner neuron and its serial homologs MiD2cm and MiD3cm. Only TH reactivity was observed near the lateral dendrites of the Mauthner cell. TH and 5‐HT reactivity were also positioned near the outputs of reticulospinal cells in spinal cord. Finally, both TH and 5‐HT reactivity were detected close to the dendritic processes of primary and secondary spinal motor neurons. We also confirmed, using dual TH and 5‐HT staining and retrograde labeling, that the sources of spinal aminergic reactivity include the posterior tuberculum (dopamine) and inferior raphe region (5‐HT). Our data indicate that aminergic systems may interact at all levels of the sensorimotor pathways involved in escape. The identification of some of these likely sites of aminergic action will allow for directed studies of their functional roles using the powerful combination of techniques available in zebrafish. J. Comp. Neurol. 480:57–71, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Role of miRNAs as Biomarkers for Pregnancy Outcomes: A Comprehensive Review

Several studies showed that altered expression of the miRNA-ome in maternal circulation or in placental tissue may reflect not only gestational disorders, such as preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight, or macrosomia, but also prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants. Generally, the relationships between environmental exposure, changes in miRNA expression, and gestational disorders are explored separately, producing conflicting findings. However, validation of tissue-accessible biomarkers for the monitoring of adverse pregnancy outcomes needs a systematic methodological approach that takes also into account early-life environmental exposure. To achieve this goal, exposure to xenochemicals, endogenous agents, and diet should be assessed. This study has the aim to provide a comprehensive review on the role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for adverse pregnancy outcomes and prenatal environmental exposure.
Study on the Fluctuation Relevance of Soybean Futures Price between DCE and CBOT Based on Wavelet Transform

With Wavelet analysis method,this paper analyzes the fluctuation of soybean futures price in DCE and CBOT markets.With Wavelet analysis method,VAR and multi-GARCH-BEKK model,it explores the dynamic relationship between futures price at home and abroad of different scales in two views of price spillover and volatility spillover.It shows that the price spillover and volatility spillover exist between the two markets under detail layers and mainly from CBOT to DCE.
What it is said versus how it is said: Comprehension of affective prosody in men with Klinefelter (47,XXY) syndrome

Difficulties in social communication in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY chromosomal pattern) have largely been attributed to deficits in left hemisphere-mediated, language functions. This study examined the ability of XXY men to decode emotions from tone of voice, a pragmatic aspect of social communication that may be associated with right hemisphere functioning. A total of 26 XXY men and 20 men from the general population completed tasks involving emotion discrimination in speech, based on verbal content or tone of voice. The XXY group displayed relative difficulties in discriminating emotions in tone of voice, and, to a lesser extend, in verbal content. This finding suggests that the XXY chromosomal pattern may not only be associated with difficulties in semantic aspects of language, but with prosodic aspects, as well. Our findings may contribute to the development of more comprehensive models addressing the role of the X chromosome in normal and abnormal development of social communication. (JINS, 2007, 13, 1065–1070.)
Tyrosyl Phosphorylation of Shp2 Is Required for Normal ERK Activation in Response to Some, but Not All, Growth Factors*

The protein-tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 is required for normal activation of the ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase in multiple receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways. In fibroblasts, Shp2 undergoes phosphorylation at two C-terminal tyrosyl residues in response to some (fibroblast growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)) but not all (epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor) growth factors. Whereas the catalytic activity of Shp2 is required for all Shp2 actions, the effect of tyrosyl phosphorylation on Shp2 function has been controversial. To clarify the role of Shp2 tyrosyl phosphorylation, we infected Shp2-mutant fibroblasts with retroviruses expressing wild type Shp2 or mutants of either (Y542F or Y580F) or both (Y542F,Y580F) C-terminal tyrosines. Compared with wild type cells, ERK activation was decreased in Y542F- or Y580F-infected cells in response to fibroblast growth factor and PDGF but not the epidermal growth factor. Mutation of both phosphorylation sites resulted in a further decrease in growth factor-evoked ERK activation, although not to the level of the vector control. Immunoblot analyses confirm that Tyr-542 and Tyr-580 are the major sites of Shp2 tyrosyl phosphorylation and that Tyr-542 is the major Grb2 binding site. However, studies with antibodies specific for individual Shp2 phosphorylation sites reveal unexpected complexity in the mechanism of Shp2 tyrosyl phosphorylation by different receptor tyrosine kinases. Moreover, because Y580F mutants retain nearly wild type Grb2-binding ability, yet exhibit defective PDGF-evoked ERK activation, our results show that the association of Grb2 with Shp2 is not sufficient for promoting full ERK activation in response to these growth factors, thereby arguing strongly against the “Grb2-adapter” model of Shp2 action.
Time-varying Analysis of the Heart Rate Variability during REM and Non REM Sleep Stages

Spectral decomposition of the heart rate variability during whole night recordings was obtained, in order to assess the characteristic fluctuations in the heart rate and their spectral parameters during REM and NREM sleep stages. A time-varying autoregressive model was used in the analysis since it allows both real time and transitory episodes evaluation of spectral parameters of the heart rate variability and consequently an analysis of the autonomic nervous system behavior. Three whole nights records coming from three healthy subjects were used in the study. The results obtained during the study are in accordance with the previous ones in literature: an increment in LF power and in LF/HF ratio and a decrement in HF power when REM values are compared with NREM sleep stage. The pole of the autoregressive model in the HF range helps to separate the REM and NREM sleep epochs. When NREM is evaluated, the pole tends to be very close at unitary circle, while in REM this pole goes far from the unitary circle and its phase becomes less stable
Design Of A 6 kW Multiple-Input Bi-directional DC-DC Converter With Decoupled Current Sharing Control For Hybrid Energy Storage Elements

A Triple Half Bridge (THB) Bidirectional DC-DC converter was proposed recently to combine different power energy storage elements/sources through a multi-winding transformer. The THB converter can be utilized in different applications including electric vehicle and distributed energy generation system. This paper presents the dynamic analysis and associated control design of this THB converter. An equivalent circuit based small signal model was developed. Bode plots of the control-output transfer functions were derived and interference between two input ports was analyzed. A double loop control system with current sharing strategy was implemented and a decoupling network was designed to obtain better control performance. Finally, a 6 kW prototype was built in the laboratory to verify the theoretical design. The experiment results show decoupling and good dynamic response as expected.
A systematic review: is there an app for that? Translational science of pediatric behavior change for physical activity and dietary interventions.

OBJECTIVE Systematically review and meta-analyze the pediatric literature on behavior-change techniques (BCT) as defined by Abraham & Michie (Health Psychology, 27, 379-387, 2008), and describe whether the most effective BCTs are incorporated in physical activity (PA) and dietary mobile apps. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (n = 74) targeting diet or PA were meta-analyzed. Metaregressions were used to determine which BCTs predict aggregate effect size (ES). iTunes™ apps were coded for presence/absence of BCTs that produce larger ES. RESULTS Modeling was the only predictor of PA ES in children (aged 6-13 years). Consequences for behavior, other's approval, self-monitoring, intention formation, and behavioral contracting significantly predicted PA for adolescents. Modeling and social support predicted dietary ES in adolescents and children, respectively. Practice was also a significant predictor for children. A majority of effective strategies for children were not widely incorporated in apps; however, the picture is more optimistic for adolescents. CONCLUSIONS More collaboration is needed between pediatric psychologists and technologists to incorporate evidence-based BCTs into developmentally appropriate mobile apps.
Knowledge Intensive Service Activity and the Structure of the Technological Capability of Manufacturing Enterprises: The Impact of Complementary and Supplementary Dimensions

The accumulation and development of enterprises' technological capabilities are the processes that focal enterprises acquire complementary knowledge or (and) supplementary knowledge to integrate and activate inner capabilities by establishing cooperative alliance and external network of knowledge. From the complementary and supplementary perspectives, it analyzes the mechanism and the relationship between the external knowledge intensive service activity and the structure of the technological capability of manufacturing enterprises, and takes a low-voltage apparatus enterprise to make a case study.
Additionality and Forest Conservation Regulation for Residential Development

&NA; We analyze the potential effects that a unique forest conservation regulation has on residential development, and assess the additionality in forest cover due to this regulation. We combine panel data on forest cover change from satellite imagery and parcel‐level modeling on residential development, including residential subdivisions occurring before and after the regulation is adopted. Our results suggest that after adoption, there was a 21% increase in forest cover within subdivisions relative to the amount without the regulation. The heterogeneous effects of this regulation suggest that on average, forest cover increased for parcels with lower levels of existing forest cover. However, parcels with the highest levels of forest cover continue to have significant decreases in forest cover, despite the regulation, thereby resulting in fragmentation in regions with the most intact forest cover.
Broadband DOA Estimation Using Optimal Array Pattern Synthesis Technique

An approach to direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation for multiple broadband farfield signals is proposed. The approach uses a beamspace preprocessing structure based on frequency domain frequency-invariant beamforming. The frequency-invariant beamformers are designed using the optimal array pattern synthesis technique based on second-order cone programming (SOCP). The proposed method only ensure that the beam patterns are constant within the main beam region while control the sidelobes, which leads to smaller focusing error. Numerical results show that the proposed method provides lower resolution threshold and lower root-mean-square error (RMSE) of estimate compared with the existing method.
Neural Correlates of Perceptual Learning in the Auditory Brainstem: Efferent Activity Predicts and Reflects Improvement at a Speech-in-Noise Discrimination Task

An extensive corticofugal system extends from the auditory cortex toward subcortical nuclei along the auditory pathway. Corticofugal influences reach even into the inner ear via the efferents of the olivocochlear bundle, the medial branch of which modulates preneural sound amplification gain. This corticofugal system is thought to contribute to neuroplasticity underlying auditory perceptual learning. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of the medial olivocochlear bundle (MOCB) in perceptual learning as a result of auditory training. MOCB activity was monitored in normal-hearing adult listeners during a 5 d training regimen on a consonant–vowel phoneme-in-noise discrimination task. The results show significant group learning, with great inter-individual variability in initial performance and improvement. As observed in previous auditory training studies, poor initial performers tended to show greater learning. Strikingly, MOCB activity measured on the first training day strongly predicted the subsequent amount of improvement, such that weaker initial MOCB activity was associated with greater improvement. Moreover, in listeners that improved significantly, an increase in MOCB activity was observed after training. Thus, as discrimination thresholds of listeners converged over the course of training, differences in MOCB activity between listeners decreased. Additional analysis showed that MOCB activity did not explain variation in performance between listeners on any training day but rather reflected an individual listener's performance relative to their personal optimal range. The findings suggest an MOCB-mediated listening strategy that facilitates speech-in-noise perception. The operation of this strategy is flexible and susceptible to training, presumably because of task-related adaptation of descending control from the cortex.
Growth Theory and Growth Accounting: Reformulating Our Understanding of Growth

This paper seeks to address shortcomings in the growth literature – neoclassical growth theory and growth accounting. Specifically, the paper reformulates our understanding of the process of technical change, so that we view Hicks- and Harrod-neutral technical change as consistent, inseparable phenomena within a unified growth process. With this integrated Hicks-Harrod paradigm, the paper then: (i) reinterprets the steady state condition thereby clarifying the circumstances under which s, n, and δ are admissible, whereas g should be excluded, (ii) introduces the technology multiplier, which helps to restore technical change to its place as a public good, while creating new country-specific avenues for endogenous growth, (iii) opens a window for examining historic turning points in the growth experience, and (iv) introduces the Harrod-based accounting function thereby enabling the reconciliation and integration of growth theory and growth accounting. These reformulations substantially expand the boundaries of the neoclassical growth model to explore new avenues of growth that may be sufficient to explain the observed disparities in living standards across nations.
Intra- and inter-specific variation in nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 of the Schistosoma japonicum species complex

The first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA repeat was sequenced for members of the Schistosoma japonicum species complex (S. malayensis, S. mekongi and 2 geographical isolates of S. japonicum). The ITS1 is composed of 3 distinct regions: the 5′ end (23 nucleotides); a tract of approximately 90–140 nucleotides, which occurs up to 7 times in tandem, the number varying even within an individual in all species investigated in this study; the 3′ region (378 nucleotides), which lacks repeats. There is size and sequence variation among copies of the ITS1 repeat within a single individual. The relative abundances of size variants of ITS1 in S. japonicum have been ascertained by hybridizing genomic digests with an ITS1 probe. Multiple repeats and intra-individual variation in numbers and abundance of these is a feature of the Asian schistosomes, but not generally of African schistosomes. Possible reasons for this difference in ITS1 between African and Asian schistosomes are discussed. The ITS1 repeat sequences described for African schistosomes are different to, and cannot be aligned with, those from the Asian species described here, whereas the remainder of the ITS1 can be aligned quite easily.
A novel compact CPW-fed wideband slot antenna

In this paper, a design and analysis of compact coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed wideband slot antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has simple structure consisting of rectangular slot, semicircular feeding structure at the anterior portion of the feed and notched ground planes. The notch is introduced to increase the bandwidth value and to attain the better impedance matching condition. The overall dimension of the antenna comes around 19mm×20mm×1.6mm and fed by 50Ω coplanar waveguide. A MoM based electromagnetic solver, IE3D is used for simulation of this antenna configuration. The results show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna reaches about 65% with return loss better than −10 dB over the chosen frequency spectrum. The proposed antenna gives bidirectional pattern in the E plane and omni directional radiation pattern in the H plane over the frequency range of 5GHz to 10.3 GHz. This antenna configuration would be quite useful for many wireless applications as it is easy for fabrication and integration with RF circuitry.
CT measurement of perfusion and permeability within lymphoma masses and its ability to assess grade, activity, and chemotherapeutic response.

PURPOSE Structural CT criteria such as nodal size and appearance have a poor correlation with the grade and activity of a lymphoma mass. This study investigates the potential for functional CT perfusion and permeability measurements to assess lymphoma grade and activity. METHOD Thirty-nine patients with proven lymphoma underwent 47 dynamic contrast-enhanced CT studies. Lymphoma grade was classified as low or intermediate/high. In seven patients who underwent repeated studies, measurements were correlated against change in disease activity in the intervening period. RESULTS Median perfusion values were higher in active disease (0.55 vs. 0.37 ml/min/ml) and intermediate/high-grade lymphoma (0.56 vs. 0.46 ml/min/ml). Perfusion below 0.2 ml/min/ml implied inactive disease (p < 0.03), whereas > 0.5 ml/min/ml suggested intermediate/high-grade lymphoma (p = 0.11). Median values of permeability were little different between patient groups. Only perfusion fell when disease became inactive. CONCLUSION Only CT perfusion measurements of nodes have potential for assessing lymphoma grade, activity, and treatment response.
A MapReduce based distributed LSI

Latent Semantic Indexing is a widely used text mining technology nowadays due its effectiveness in dealing with the problems of synonymy and polysemy within a proper matrix scale. However LSI is enormously computationally intensive especially for processing large scale data. And effective solution is to increase the computational power available to LSI using multiple computing nodes. In this paper we propose a novel MapReduce based distributed LSI using Hadoop distributed computing architecture to implement K-means algorithm to cluster the documents and then using LSI on the clustered results. We evaluated the performances of the proposed MapReduce based LSI and comparison are made with standalone LSI. The results show a great improvement of LSI's performance in terms of speed