Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Subsurface Leakage Current in Low  $V_{\mathrm {TH}}$  Short Channel MOSFET at Accumulation Bias

We present a phenomenological model for subsurface leakage current in MOSFETs biased in accumulation. The subsurface leakage current is mainly caused by source-drain coupling, leading to carriers surmounting the barrier between the source and the drain. The developed model successfully takes drain-to-source voltage (VDS), gate-to-source voltage (VGS), gate length (LG), substrate doping concentration (Nsub), and temperature (T) dependence into account. The presented analytical model is implemented into the BSIM6 bulk MOSFET model and is in good agreement with technology-CAD simulation data.
Video-level violence rating with rank prediction

Given a video as input, our objective is to estimate a rate to describe "how violent it is". Such an estimation can be directly used in many practical applications, such like preventing children from violent videos. However, due to the unique property of the rating task, existing approaches on human action recognition and violent scenes detection can not be directly utilized. In this paper, we propose an approach that are specially developed for violence rating. The approach is featured with: (1) a novel video descriptor called Violent Attribute Activation (VAA) vector, which provides high level description on the properties of visual violence; and (2) a rank-prediction-based rating approach, which enforces the order constrains in the learning phase. The performance of our approach have been confirmed on a novel dataset that are prepared for violence rating.
The Application of the Colored Background Oriented Schlieren Technique (CBOS) to Free-Flight and In-Flight Measurements

The improved background oriented schlieren technique CBOS (Colored Background Oriented Schlieren) is presented in this paper. This technique measures the light deflection caused by density gradients in a compressible flow. For this purpose, the CBOS technique uses the distortion of a background image. In order to increase the performance of the conventional Background Oriented Schlieren technique (BOS) the monochromatic background is replaced by a colored dot pattern. The different colors are treated separately. Therefore the precision and the spatial resolution can be increased. The CBOS technique is applied in order to measure the flow around test models in a supersonic wind tunnel, during a free-flight and during a full-scale flight tests with a helicopter.
Biomarker Profiling by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Prediction of All-Cause Mortality: An Observational Study of 17,345 Persons

In this study, Würtz and colleagues conducted high-throughput profiling of blood specimens in two large population-based cohorts in order to identify biomarkers for all-cause mortality and enhance risk prediction. The authors found that biomarker profiling improved prediction of the short-term risk of death from all causes above established risk factors. However, further investigations are needed to clarify the biological mechanisms and the utility of these biomarkers to guide screening and prevention. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Lessons in Machine Ethics from the Perspective of Two Computational Models of Ethical Reasoning

In this paper, two computational models of ethical reasoning, one that compares pairs of truth-telling cases and one that retrieves relevant past cases and principles when presented with an ethical dilemma, are described and discussed. Lessons learned from developing and experimenting with the two systems, as well as challenges of building programs that reason about ethics, are discussed. Finally, plans for developing an intelligent tutor for ethics using one of the computational models as a basis is presented.
An Overview of Factors Associated with Adherence to Lifestyle Modification Programs for Weight Management in Adults

This review aims to provide an overview of the factors associated with adherence reported in existing literature on lifestyle modification programs for weight management among the adult population. An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Medline, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLE to identify studies that examined the factors of adherence to lifestyle modification programs with explicit definition of adherence indicators. We identified 19 studies published between 2004 and 2016. The most commonly used indicator of adherence was attrition, followed by attendance, self-monitoring and dietary adherence. A broad array of factors has been studied but only few studies exploring each factor. Limited evidence suggested older age, higher education, healthier eating and physical activity behaviours, higher stage of change at baseline and higher initial weight loss may predict better adherence. On the other hand, having depression, stress, strong body shape concern, more previous weight loss attempts and being unemployed may predict poor adherence. Inconsistent findings were obtained for self-efficacy, motivation and male gender. This review highlights the need for more rigorous studies to enhance our knowledge on factors related to adherence. Identification of the factors of adherence could provide important implication for program improvement, ultimately improving the effectiveness and the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification program.
The effects of breastfeeding and pace of childbearing on mortality at early ages

The effects of the pace of childbearing and breastfeeding practices on infant mortality have rarely been considered together. In this paper, we design and use a set of methodological tools to test a variety of hypotheses postulating the effects of breastfeeding and pace of childbearing on mortality in infancy and early childhood, the mechanisms through which those effects operate, and the contingencies that strengthen or weaken them. The strong effects of both length of breastfeeding and the pace of childbearing on the risks of child death suggest that neither of them exerts an impact on mortality totally mediated by the other. Social and demographic factors (such as age of child, education of mother, and region of residence) also condition the impact of breastfeeding and pace of childbearing on mortality.
Identifying and Promoting Transition Evidence-Based Practices and Predictors of Success

This position paper describes the Division of Career Development and Transition’s stance and recommendations for identifying and promoting secondary transition evidence-based practices and predictors of postschool success for students with disabilities. Recommendations for experimental research, correlational research, and secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Transition Study–2 data are provided. Finally, suggestions related to planning for future research in the area of secondary transition are discussed.
Histological Analysis of Soft and Hard Tissues in a Periimplantitis Lesion: A Human Case Report

Background:Little is known regarding the histologic hard and soft tissue changes that occur in chronic periimplantitis situations in humans. It is critical to gain an understanding of all aspects of periimplantitis to develop appropriate therapeutic approaches. Methods:An 83-year-old African American man presented with a fractured implant affected by severe, chronic periimplantitis and surrounded by keratinized gingiva. A trephine biopsy of the implant and surrounding tissues was analyzed histologically. Results:Histological analysis of the periimplantitis specimen revealed significant inflammatory infiltrate consisting predominantly of lymphocytes and plasma cells. In addition, epithelial migration and bone loss to the apical vent were noted. Conclusion:This case report documents a single case of periimplantitis that was left untreated for 7 years. The presence of significant keratinized tissue and a smooth surface implant failed to prevent fibrous encapsulation of the implant.
Thrombolysis with an Escherichia coli-Produced Recombinant Plasminogen Activator (BM 06.022) in the Rabbit Model of Jugular Vein Thrombosis

Summary The recombinant plasminogen activator BM 06.022 consists of the kringle 2 and the protease domains of human t-PA and is unglycosylated because of the expression in Escherichia coli The thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties as well as the hemostasis effects of BM 06.022 were investigated in the rabbit model of jugular vein thrombosis. The thrombi were 125I-fibrin labeled. Intravenous bolus injection of 50, 100, 200, and 400 kU/ kg BM 06.022 or 400, 800, and 1600 kU/kg alteplase over 15 s to six rabbits/dose produced a dose-dependent increase of thrombolysis determined 2 h post injection. The dose-response curve of BM 06.022 was located left compared with that of alteplase. The effective dose of 50% thrombolysis (ED50) obtained by half-logarithmic regression analysis was 163 kU/kg (=0.28 mg/kg) for BM 06.022 and 871 kU/kg (= 1.09 mg/kg) for alteplase. At equipotent doses (50% thrombolysis), the residual concentration of fibrinogen was 74.2% and 76.5%, that of plasminogen 66.7% and 69.4%, and that of α2-antiplasmin 47.3% and 46% for BM 06.022 and alteplase, respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis for plasma activity at a dose of 400 kU/kg revealed a half-life of 18.9 ±1.5 min for BM 06.022, whereas alteplase was distributed with a half-life of 2.1 ± 0.1 min, accounting for 86.7 ± 1.9% of the total AUC, followed by a β-phase with a half-life of 13.8 ± 0.9 min. Plasma clearance of BM 06.022 was 4.7 ± 0.7 ml min-1 kg-1 compared with 20 ±1.2 ml min-1 kg-1 for alteplase. Due to its lower clearance rate, we conclude that BM 06.022 requires a 5.3-fold lower activity dose than alteplase to achieve an effect of 50% thrombolysis in rabbits. At equipotent doses, BM 06.022 is fibrin selective to the same degree as alteplase.
Sub-Nyquist sampling and sparsity : getting more information from fewer samples

Seismic exploration relies on the collection of massive data volumes that are subsequently mined for information during seismic processing. While this approach has been extremely successful in the past, the current trend of incessantly pushing for higher quality images in increasingly complicated regions of the Earth continues to reveal fundamental shortcomings in our workflows to handle massive high-dimensional data volumes. Two causes can be identified as the main culprits responsible for this barrier. First, there is the so-called “curse of dimensionality” exemplified by Nyquist’s sampling criterion, which puts disproportionate strain on current acquisition and processing systems as the size and desired resolution of our survey areas continues to increase. Secondly, there is the recent “departure from Moore’s law” that forces us to lower our expectations to compute ourselves out of this curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we offer a way out of this situation by a deliberate randomized subsampling combined with structure-exploiting transform-domain sparsity promotion. Our approach is successful because it reduces the size of seismic data volumes without loss of information. Because of this size reduction both impediments are removed and we end up with a new technology where the costs of acquisition and processing are no longer dictated by the size of the acquisition but by the transform-domain sparsity of the end-product after processing.
Perceptual subspace speech enhancement with SSDR normalization

In this paper a perceptual subspace speech enhancement method using masking property of human auditory system with signal to spectral deviation ratio (SSDR) normalization is presented. The masking property of the human auditory system is used while deciding the gain parameters for the algorithm. Spectral Domain Constrained estimator was employed in determining the filter coefficients and colored noise was handled by replacing the noise variance by Rayleigh quotient. SSDR normalization is further done to reduce the spectral distortion, making the output more intelligible. The objective measures SNRLoss and weep were chosen for performance evaluation based on their efficiency in determining the intelligibility of the output. The results show an improved performance of the proposed method over some of the existing speech enhancement methods in terms of intelligibility.
An Examination of the Writing Skills of Incarcerated Male Youth

ABSTRACT Over the past 20 years, punitive approaches and policies similar to those of the criminal justice system have become prominent in our schools. These local, state, and federal education and public safety policies serve to remove students from the educational environment and channel them into the criminal justice system. This phenomenon is often referred to as the school-to-prison-pipeline (STPP). Research has shown a connection between school, community, and juvenile incarceration and indicates how providing quality evidence-based interventions can make a positive difference in the lives of youth in or at-risk of entering into the STPP.
Microcell‐mediated chromosome transfer provides evidence that polysomy promotes structural instability in tumor cell chromosomes through asynchronous replication and breakage within late‐replicating regions

It was reported earlier that normal chromosome 3 (chr3) transfer into tumor cells of different origin may suppress their ability to grow in SCID mice. Tumorigenicity may be restored by the loss of certain 3p regions. We transferred a normal cell‐derived chr3 into cells of a human renal cell carcinoma line and followed the chromosomal changes during in vivo and in vitro growth. In cells cultivated for 6 weeks or more and in the tumors grown in SCID mice, supernumerary chrs3 were always rearranged, accompanied by 3p losses. Unexpectedly, we found that the rearrangements affected not only the transferred exogenous chr3, but also the endogenous chrs3. Other chromosomes that were polysomic in the recipient cells were affected as well, suggesting that polysomy may be associated with structural chromosome instability. The dominant chromosomal aberrations were unbalanced translocations with preferentially pericentromeric breakpoints. The breakpoint distribution on chr3 preferentially affected the pericentromeric 3p11 (8 breaks) and 3p12–13 (5 breaks) regions. The regions 3p14 and 3q26–27 occasionally were involved as well (one break in each case). These four regions were the latest replicating, as shown by BrdU incorporation–based replication banding. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization–based replication timing, we detected asynchronous and incomplete centromere replication in cells with 3 or 4 copies of chr3, but not in cells with 2. We concluded that in tumor cells, asynchronous and incomplete replication of polysomic chromosomal parts is associated with aberrations that have breakpoints within the late‐replicating regions. This may explain the increased structural chromosome instability and preferential pericentromeric localization of breakpoints in hyperploid tumors. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Arrhythmia Susceptibility in Mice after Therapy with β-Catenin-Transduced Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells after Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion

Background: Hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) can improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction. However, occurrence of arrhythmias is a potential limitation of cell therapy. In this study, we investigated the cardiac electrophysiological properties of ex vivo expanded HPCs, generated by β-catenin gene transfer, after transcoronary delivery in a murine model of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods and Results: To assess arrhythmia inducibility of ex vivo expanded HPCs, mice were subjected to I/R and assigned to sham operation (n = 8), I/R (n = 21) and HPC (n = 15) treatment. Six weeks later, mice were subjected to long-term electrocardiogram recording and in vivo transvenous electrophysiological study. After I/R, mice showed a significant prolongation of conduction and repolarization compared with sham-operated mice. There was a marked increase in ventricular ectopic activity in infarcted mice as compared with sham-operated mice. Cardiac electrophysiological parameters and ventricular ectopic activity were not altered in mice treated with HPCs in comparison with control I/R mice. Conclusion: Transcoronary delivery of genetically ex vivoexpanded HPCs did not alter the electrophysiological properties in mice after I/R. Therefore, ex vivo β-catenin-mediated HPC expansion may represent an attractive therapeutic option for cell transplantation treatment of myocardial infarction without electrophysiological side effects.
Exploring Computer Vision and Image Processing Algorithms in Teaching Parallel Programming

Computer Vision (CV) is a rapidly growing field, intent on enabling computers to process, analyze, and understand the information of images to produce structured information and/or make decisions. In recent years, interest in computer vision has grown in part as a result of both cheaper and more capable cameras, but also largely because of affordable and increasing levels of computer processing power. Computer vision and image processing algorithms are involved with a range of applications: object detection, face detection & recognition, augmented reality, optical character recognition, navigation, and robotics. As the field of computer vision has matured, the resulting outcomes (face detection, object tracking, panoramic photo stitching, content search) have literally been placed in the hands of computer engineering and computer science students, in the form of their mobile phones and devices. Computer performance is still a primary barrier to seamless computer vision and thus represents an excellent target for teaching parallel programming techniques. In many ways such vision and image applications allow students to demonstrate their work to others by demonstrating easily understood outcomes. In the context of GPU programming, computer vision algorithms serve not only as an effective model for CUDA and OpenCL, but also in exploring computer organization bottlenecks. Lastly, computer vision applications give students a unique real-time requirement for which to explore optimization and parallel programming creativity since often solutions involve interesting heuristics applied within codes. The paper showcases several example computer vision algorithms used in teaching computer engineering concepts in computer programming, GPU programming, and computer architecture. All exercises and source codes of this paper will be made available for download and use by anyone in the community at the time of workshop presentation. Keywords-component; Computer vision, GPU programming,
Development and user evaluation of a virtual rehabilitation system for wobble board balance training

We have developed a prototype virtual reality-based balance training system using a single inertial orientation sensor attached to the upper surface of a wobble board. This input device has been interfaced with Neverball, an open source computer game to create the balance training platform. Users can exercise with the system by standing on the wobble board and tilting it in different directions to control an on-screen environment. We have also developed a customized instruction manual to use when setting up the system. To evaluate the usability our prototype system we undertook a user evaluation study with twelve healthy novice participants. Participants were required to assemble the system using an instruction manual and then perform balance exercises with the system. Following this period of exercise VRUSE, a usability evaluation questionnaire, was completed by participants. Results indicated a high level of usability in all categories evaluated.
3He Spin Filter for Neutrons

The strongly spin-dependent absorption of neutrons in nuclear spin-polarized 3He opens up the possibility of polarizing neutrons from reactors and spallation sources over the full kinematical range of cold, thermal and hot neutrons. This paper gives a report on the neutron spin filter (NSF) development program at Mainz. The polarization technique is based on direct optical pumping of metastable 3He atoms combined with a polarization preserving mechanical compression of the gas up to a pressure of several bar, necessary to run a NSF. The concept of a remote type of operation using detachable NSF cells is presented which requires long nuclear spin relaxation times of order 100 hours. A short survey of their use under experimental conditions, e.g. large solid-angle polarization analysis, is given. In neutron particle physics NSFs are used in precision measurements to test fundamental symmetry concepts.
Aqueous humor and serum penetration of tacrolimus after topical and oral administration in rats: an absorption study

Purpose: To investigate the penetration of tacrolimus to the aqueous and serum after topical and oral administration. Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were divided into three groups. In the first group (n = 12), a single dose of 0.3 % isotonic tacrolimus solution was applied topically to the rat eyes. The second group (n = 12), received 0.1 mg/kg/day tacrolimus for three days. In control group (n = 6), the rats were administered a single drop of 0.3% salin solution topically. Following collection of samples, the amounts of tacrolimus in aqueous and serum samples were compared with each other. Results: In group I, the mean concentration of tacrolimus was 35.16 ng/ml in aqueous and 2.22 ng/ml in serum. In group II, the mean concentration of tacrolimus was 13.08 ng/ml in aqueous and 13.45 ng/ml in serum. There was no significant difference in the serum concentration levels of tacrolimus between group I and control group. However there was a significant difference of the drug concentrations in aqueous between the groups (p < 0.001). The mean aqueous and serum concentrations of tacrolimus in group II, differed significantly from the mean concentrations in group I (p < 0.001) and the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Tacrolimus may be a promising treatment modality in intraocular inflammation by topical application besides systemic administration.
Mean-square exponential stabilization of packet- based networked systems with time-varying transmission delays, packet losses and input missing

This paper is concerned with the mean-square exponential stabilization of packet-based networked systems with time-varying transmission delays, packet losses and input missing. Based on a multivariate i.i. d. model of input delays and a Bernoulli model of input missing, the packet-based networked system is formulated as a switching system with multiple subsystems of different input delays. The sufficient fast-switching conditions are directly established for the closed-loop mean-square exponential stability via an appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii approach different from average dwell time approach. The resulting controller design method can be obtained by cone complementarity linearization (CCL). Numerical example is also given to substantiate the effectiveness of our results.
Estimation of Deformable Structure and Motion

The estimation of structure and motion from image sequences is one of the most studied problems within computer vision. However, almost all the efforts in this area have dealt with rigid objects. Our surrounding environment is generally not a rigid place, with swaying trees, moving people and rolling waves. Hence, to have structure and motion systems work effectively in our world, in general, the assumption of rigid objects has to be relaxed. We present an approach for estimating the structure and motion of deforming or non-rigid objects. This is done by employing the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) framework, whereby the object is supposed to deform according to a linear model. That is, the structure of frame ,