Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooperación funcional entre los genes supresores tumorales Rb y Trp53 en epidemia de ratón

Los genes supresores tumorales Rb y Trp53 regulan ciclo celular y proliferacion en diferentes tejidos, aunque desconocemos como cooperan en epidermis. Mediante el estudio de ratones deficientes en Trp53 y en Rb y Trp53 en epitelios estratificados (Trp53CE y RbCE;Trp53CE), analizamos la consecuencia de la ausencia de estos genes en epidermis. Estos animales desarrollan tumores epidermicos espontaneos. La ausencia de p53, y no de pRb, determina la aparicion tumoral, lo que le confiere su caracter de supresor tumoral esencial epidermico. La susceptibilidad tumoral en ausencia de p53 se asocia a inflamacion y a defectos en el mantenimiento mitotico previos al desarrollo tumoral. La deficiencia en pRb en ausencia de p53 favorece que los tumores aparezcan antes y crezcan mas. Se produce por tanto una cooperacion funcional entre ambos genes en la supresion tumoral epidermica. La aceleracion en el desarrollo tumoral en animales RbΔCE;Trp53ΔCE se debe a incrementos en la proliferacion en foliculos pilosos, y a mitosis aberrantes, lo que conduce a una formacion temprana de displasias foliculares. En estos animales se produce una mayor actividad de Akt, favoreciendose la formacion de vasos sanguineos. Estudios genomicos de los tumores murinos Trp53CE y RbCE;Trp53CE, indican que los patrones de expresion genica son parecidos a los de tumores humanos con Tp53 mutado. Los tumores murinos sufren procesos de transicion epitelio-mesenquima, induciendose la formacion de metastasis. Como mecanismo destaca la accion de microARNs, moleculas reguladoras de expresion genica que intervienen en mantener la homeostasis epidermica. La desregulacion de miR-21 en las formas tumorales mas agresivas podria indicar su implicacion en malignidad tumoral. Los resultados descritos apoyan el interes de que estos modelos sirvan como herramienta terapeutica para validar el uso de farmacos que bloqueen el desarrollo y la malignizacion tumoral en ensayos preclinicos.
Unusual presentation of oral amyloidosis

Amyloidosis is a rare disease of difficult diagnosis that occurs due accumulation of amyloid substance localized or systemic. The oral cavity is an unusual site and can be related to both localized and systemic forms and for that reason a full investigation is necessary to determine the extent of the disease. This study reports a case of a 58-year-old melanoderm male patient referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with white plaques on the tongue and multiple nodules in the region of the buccal mucosa and labial commissure, with 6 months of evolution and painful symptoms. An incisional biopsy was performed on both sites and histological examination indicated the presence of eosinophilic amorphous material within the connective tissue, positive for crystal violet staining, consistent with amyloidosis. At the present time, there is no consensus on the management of local amyloidosis. Surgical treatment of localized forms is indicated in some cases to reduce the functional prejudice. Moreover, follow-up is mandatory, both to manage recurrences and to monitor the possible evolution of the disease to the systemic form.
Detecting the Key Links by Community Detecting Algorithms

For a complex network, detecting the key links is of great importance. In recent years, many community detecting algorithms have been proposed, which have both advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, we propose and compare some classical community detecting algorithms and choose the best one of them to detect the key links of the complex network.
Maximum-likelihood based estimation of angular parameters of Dense-Multipath-Components

This contribution introduces an estimation framework for angular/spatial properties of the Dense Multipath Components (DMC). The estimator aims to calculate the parameters of an antenna-independent DMC model from the (antenna-dependent) spatial sample covariance matrix. A Newton-Raphson based iterative algorithm with “Fisher Scoring” is used to solve the maximum-likelihood problem and a least-mean-squares method is proposed to initialise the polarisation parameters of the model. The feasibility of the approach is shown using simulations that incorporate measured antenna array radiation pattern.
An Approach for Developing CORBA-based Multi-Agent Systems 1

This paper describes a methodology of analysis and a middleware for developing CORBA-based multi-agent systems. The methodology allows to break down the functionality of a system into a set of agents and FUNs (Functional UNit), a special class of agents that delegate part of their functionality into a number of cooperating agents under the FUN’s coordination. The middleware, CABLE, is built on top of a CORBA ORB, and tries to facilitate the transition from the design to the implementation, by providing the programmer with high-level abstractions, such as, agent and FUN, and is made up of a C++ framework (implementing the core functionality) and a simple Agent Definition Language (ADL) for specifying the key components of an agent. The purpose of ADL is to hide the complexity of the underlying framework from the programmer, who only needs to learn ADL, a small subset of the CABLE framework and CORBA IDL (the programmer need not learn the API of the CORBA ORB). Using a C3I application, a multi-agent browser for land military units, we show an example of use of both the methodology and the middleware. Both of them are being used in the EUCLID RTP 6.1 European research project, undertaken by the GRACE (Grouping for Research into Advanced C3I for Europe) consortium.
Between the She-Wolf and Little Red Riding Hood: The Figure of the Girl in Derrida's The Beast and The Sovereign

This essay explores the important role played by the figure of the virgin girl at the centre of The Beast and The Sovereign. Derrida hints that she may offer a figure between the beast and the sovereign, between the two marionettes of Nature and Culture. Moreover, it seems that she is both what props up the fabled distinction between man and animal and at the same time that upon which man erects himself as sovereign lord and master. Taking Derrida's suggestions further, I argue that the virgin girl both does and undoes sovereign power as phallic power. She is the figure behind the erection of sovereignty. Indeed, her appearance is both necessary and threatening insofar as she both erects sovereign phallic power and threatens to reveal its impotence. In this way, the girl operates between feminine and masculine, between Nature and Culture, between the beast and the sovereign, particularly as her virginity and its deflowering are essential to the cut between the two sides of these traditional binaries. Fina.
Physical Exercise and Mitochondrial Function in Human Skeletal Muscle

TONKONOGI, M. , and K. SAHLIN. Physical exercise and mitochondrial function in human skeletal muscle. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 129–137, 2002. Muscle adaptation to endurance training involves qualitative changes in intrinsic properties of mitochondria. After training, the ADP sensitivity of mitochondrion is decreased whereas the effect of creatine on respiration is increased. This results in an improved control of aerobic energy production. Acute exercise does not adversely affect mitochondrial function.
Testing the limits of unsupervised learning for semantic similarity

Semantic Similarity between two sentences can be defined as a way to determine how related or unrelated two sentences are. The task of Semantic Similarity in terms of distributed representations can be thought to be generating sentence embeddings (dense vectors) which take both context and meaning of sentence in account. Such embeddings can be produced by multiple methods, in this paper we try to evaluate LSTM auto encoders for generating these embeddings. Unsupervised algorithms (auto encoders to be specific) just try to recreate their inputs, but they can be forced to learn order (and some inherent meaning to some extent) by creating proper bottlenecks. We try to evaluate how properly can algorithms trained just on plain English Sentences learn to figure out Semantic Similarity, without giving them any sense of what meaning of a sentence is.
The Finite Element Method in a Family of Improperly Posed Problems

The numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for elliptic equations is considered. We reformulate the original problem as a variational inequality problem, which we solve using the finite element method. Moreover, we prove the convergence of the approximate solution. Let <$> be a bounded open set in the space R" and d6^ be the boundary of fy. Then ßr = ty X (0, T) is a bounded open set in Rn+I. We discuss the following boundary value problem for the elliptic equation: (I) U\d<¡¡)XlO,T] = 0, "Uo = /(*)> du dt Here A,,, X are functions of x and, moreover, = g(x). 0 Ktf + *l + • • • +tf) < 2 A,fâ < vx(t2 + i2 + ■ ■ ■ H2), vx > v > 0; A > Ag > 0. v, vx, Xq are constants. If there are no added restrictions to the solutions of (I), J. Hadamard [1] has pointed out that the solution of (I) is not continuously dependent on the Cauchy data. So problem (I) is an improperly posed problem. As the famous example of J. Hadamard has shown, it is impossible to solve this improperly posed problem by the classical theory of partial differential equations. But these types of problems arise naturally in many kinds of practical problems and therefore have required the attention of many mathematicians. First, M. M. Lavrentiev [2] has discussed bounded solutions of the Laplace equation in a special two-dimensional domain. These solutions are dependent on the Cauchy data continuously. After this L. E. Payne [3], [4] studied solutions of more general second-order elliptic equations, which are dependent on the Cauchy data continuously. Of course, it is necessary to add some restrictions to the domains and the solutions. In 1975 L. E. Payne outlined this problem in [5]. Received December 5, 1980; revised April 27, 1981. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 65M30, 35R25. © 1982 American Mathematical Society 0025-5718/82/0000-0469/$03.75 55 License or copyright restrictions may apply to redistribution; see https://www.ams. org/journal-terms-of-use
Towards Code Generation from Design Models

With the growing in size and complexity of modern computer systems, the need for improving the quality at all stages of software development has become a critical issue. The current software production has been largely depended on manual code development. Despite the slow development process, the errors introduced by the programmers contribute to a substantial portion of defects in the final software product. This paper explores the possibility of generating code and assertion constraints from formal design models and use them to verify the implementation. We translate Z formal models into their OCL counter-parts and Java assertions. With the help of existing tools, we demonstrate various checking at different levels to enhance correctness.
The relationship between capital , liquidity and risk in commercial banks ∗

This paper investigates capital, risk and liquidity decisions of the U.S. commercial banks during the period from 2001 till 2009. We extend the simultaneous equation model with partial adjustment introduced by Shrieves and Dahl (1992) and examine a relationship between bank liquidity, capital and risk adjustments in the presence of securitization. Our research empirically verifies the theoretical predictions of Repullo (2005). Our results indicate that banks simultaneously coordinate short-term adjustments in capital, risk and liquidity. We show that during the pre-crisis period short-term adjustments in bank capital inversely affect short-term adjustments in bank risk and vice versa. During the financial crisis, lower risk implies higher capital, however higher capital induces more risktaking. We provide some tentative explanations for this change in sign. Next, we find a significant, negative and bidirectional relation between bank risk and liquidity adjustments. Finally, we also establish that banks increase liquidity ratios when their capital ratios decline and lower their capital when their liquidity increases. Overall, our results show that an increase in capital induces banks to reduce their liquidity position and lower risk-taking. This outcome is consistent with the findings of Repullo (2005). Banks differ in the way they adjust their capital, liquidity and risk in the regular and distress times. Rates of liquidity and risk adjustment are mostly higher during the crisis, indicating that banks were inclined to reach desired levels of liquidity and risk much faster during the crisis than in the pre-crisis period. While the rates of capital adjustment are lower during the crisis, showing that banks faced difficulties changing capital ratios to desired levels during the financial turmoil. Our results emphasize that it is critical to incorporate the liquidity ratios, in addition to capital requirements, into the banking regulations. JEL Classification : G21, G28,
Novel enriched pathways in superficial malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours and spindle/desmoplastic melanomas

Superficial malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a rare, soft tissue neoplasm that shares morphological features and some molecular events with spindle/desmoplastic melanoma (SDM). Herein, we sought to identify molecular targets for therapy by using targeted RNA/DNA sequencing and gene expression of key immunological players. DNA and RNA from formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue were extracted and processed. Massive high‐throughput deep parallel sequencing was performed with the Oncomine comprehensive panel, enabling detection of relevant single‐nucleotide variants, copy number variations, gene fusions and indels for 143 unique genes on the Ion torrent sequencer for clinical trial research programmes. Gene expression analysis was carried out with a customized 770‐gene expression panel combining markers for 24 different immune cell types and 30 common cancer antigens, including key checkpoint blockade genes analysed with the Ncounter system. Fifty‐one patients (SDM, 16/11; MPNST, 24; male, n = 37; female, n = 16) had sufficient DNA and RNA for testing. NF1 deleterious mutations and/or deep/homozygous deletions were identified in 73% of MPNSTs and 67% of SDMs, with 50% of the mutations involving the RAS‐binding domain. Inactivating/deleterious mutations of TSC1/TSC2 were identified in 40% and 41% of MPNSTs and SDMs, respectively. Activating mutations affecting the EGFR‐like and the negative regulatory domains of NOTCH1 and KDR (VEGFR2) were identified in 45% and 40% of SDMs and in 30% and 8% of MPNSTs, respectively. Differential gene expression and gene clustering analysis showed significantly perturbed immune pathway components, including nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), JAK–STAT, and CXCL12–CXCR4, and differentially expressed CD274 and CTLA4, in both SDM and MPNST. Angiogenesis (KDR and NOTCH1) and mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) pathways offer a rationale for anti‐angiogenic and selective mTORC inhibition as treatment strategies for MPNST and SDM. Cytokines and the JAK–STAT, TNF and NF‐κB axes were perturbed in both SDM and MPNST. These pathways have been targeted in haematological malignancies and present promising targets for these tumours. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ATPase center of bacteriophage lambda terminase involved in post-cleavage stages of DNA packaging: identification of ATP-interactive amino acids.

Terminase is the enzyme that mediates lambda DNA packaging into the viral prohead. The large subunit of terminase, gpA (641 amino acid residues), has a high-affinity ATPase activity (K(m)=5 microM). To directly identify gpA's ATP-interacting amino acids, holoterminase bearing a His(6)-tag at the C terminus of gpA was UV-crosslinked with 8-N(3)-[alpha-(32)P]ATP. Tryptic peptides from the photolabeled terminase were purified by affinity chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. Two labeled peptides of gpA were identified. Amino acid sequencing failed to show the tyrosine residue of the first peptide, E(43)SAY(46)QEGR(50), or the lysine of the second peptide, V(80)GYSK(84)MLL(87), indicating that Y(46) and K(84) were the 8-N(3)-ATP-modified amino acids. To investigate their roles in lambda DNA packaging, Y(46) was changed to E, A, and F, and K(84) was changed to E and A. Purified His(6)-tagged terminases with changes at residues 46 and 84 lacked the gpA high-affinity ATPase activity, though the cos cleavage and cohesive end separation activities were near to those of the wild-type enzyme. In virion assembly reactions using virion DNA as a packaging substrate, the mutant terminases showed severe defects. In summary, the results indicate that Y(46) and K(84) are part of the high-affinity ATPase center of gpA, and show that this ATPase activity is involved in the post-cos cleavage stages of lambda DNA packaging.
Contagious mastitis.

Contagious mastitis is defined. The major mastitis pathogens are Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Corynebacterium bovis, Mycoplasma sp, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae. These pathogens are discussed relative to prevalence, virulence factors, pathology, and control. These control measures include milking time hygiene, segregation, culling, vaccination, and treatment.
An integrative gene selection with association analysis for microarray data classification

The rising interest in integrative approach has shifted gene selection from purely data-centric to incorporating addi- tional biological knowledge. Integrative gene selection is viewed as a promising approach in microarray data classification that took into consideration the complex relationships among genes. However, in most of the existing methods, the selection of genes is still based on expression values alone and biological knowledge is integrated at the end of analysis to verify experimental results or to gain biological insights. Thus, this paper proposed an integrative gene selection based on filter method and asso- ciation analysis for selecting genes that are not only differentially expressed but also informative for classification. Association analysis is employed to integrate microarray data with multiple types of biological knowledge simultaneously, and to identify groups of genes that are frequently co-occurred in target samples. It has been tested on four cancer-related datasets, and two types of biological knowledge are incorporated, namely Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG Pathways (KEGG). The experimen- tal results show that the recommended GO based models, KEGG based models, and GO-KEGG based models outperformed the expression-only models by attaining better classification accuracies with lesser number of genes. The performance of the integrative models verified the efficiency and scalability of association analysis in mining microarray data.
Heavy metal contents and bioaccumulation potential of some wild edible mushrooms

The concentration of Fe, Zn and Cu in ten edible mushrooms in Medvednica Nature Park was determined. The similarity between the studied species was deterimend by cluster analysis based on concentrations of the aforementioned metals in the fruiting bodies. The analyses of heavy metals were carried out by X – ray fluorescence spectormetry. The highest concentration of Fe (153.96 mg kg-1) was determined in Tricholoma portentosum, and the highest concentration of Zn (90.60 mg kg-1) was determined in Tricholoma terreum. The highest concentration of Cu was determined in Macrolepiota procera (78.18 mg kg-1). The concentrations of Zn and Cu significantly differed (p<0.05 ; p<0.001) between examined saprophytic and ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. A considerably higher concentration of the analysed elements was found in the cap than in the stipe for all mushroom species. All mushrooms species were bio-exclusors of Fe in relation to the underlying soils. Cluster analysis performed on the basis of the bioaccumulation of the studied metals revealed great similarity of mushroom species belonging to the same genus and partial similarity of species of the same ecological affiliation.
Stability analysis of non-autonomous switched systems based on time-varying scalar functions

In this paper, we investigate asymptotic stability, exponential stability and uniformly exponential stability of non-autonomous switched systems, respectively. Starting with non-autonomous switched linear systems, we firstly provide necessary and sufficient conditions for its asymptotic stability and exponential stability based on the existence of an asymptotically stable function and an exponentially stable function. Successively, a sufficient condition for uniformly exponential stability of a non-autonomous switched linear system is proposed by the existence of an uniformly exponentially stable function. Based on this sufficient condition, we further derive a sufficient condition for local uniformly exponential stability of non-autonomous switched nonlinear systems. In the end, an illustrative example is given to show the applicability of our theoretical results.
The waterfall that won't go away

Even though its impending demise has been predicted for years, the sequential requirements driven software engineering culture remains ubiquitous and will not go away. The Waterfall lifecycle model of software development is still alive and kicking. I became acutely aware of this recently when I came out of a rather lengthy and acrimonious conference. I had an action item to overhaul a large and complex back-end software subsystem. This " legacy " subsystem had been in use for years and had a reputation for being reliable. What had happened? In a few words: a change in the business environment. For years, the company (a large enterprise operating domestically and internationally) used trained customer service representatives to interface with customers. Services provided by the " legacy " back-end subsystems were designed to support such trained representatives. Recently, there had been a push to deploy web based, " self-help " portals as a cost saving measure and also to improve the " customer experience ". These new front ends faced low utilization and high levels of customer dissatisfaction. Analysis by the development teams led them to conclude that one of the main issues was " weird " and " inconsistent " behavior of the back-end service providers. Specifications for the new web based front ends were developed by specialist system engineers and analysts who were very conversant with web technologies, but not as much with business. Most of the back-end teams were not recognized as stakeholders. They were not involved or were completely oblivious of this development. No doubt, many readers who are involved with IT development have been in similar situations. These inevitably increase costs, reduce productivity and in general bring disrepute to the IT teams. The root cause of these fiasco's are commonly attributed to poor project management, poor IT governance or poor architectural control. However, it is important to understand that the more deep rooted cause may really be the underlying software development culture, and our inability to adapt the well known software engineering best practices to the IT workplace. The sequential requirements driven Waterfall lifecycle model was the darling of all the early adopters of enterprise level software engineering processes in the seventies. Hundreds of pages of corporate policies, standards and training material were produced, most of which exist in the active domain even today. Unfortunately, this initial culture took roots only too well, as the very same …