Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Open Innovation in Universities: Fostering the Inside-Out-Process Using Ideas Competitions

This paper demonstrates how IT-supported ideas competitions can be implemented within universities. In the context of open innovation, ideas competitions are used as a customer integration method serving companies as a profound basis for the leveraging of innovative ideas within innovation development. However, ideas competitions can also foster the inside-out activities of universities by means of encouraging students to develop innovative ideas which build the basis for the foundation of new businesses. By adopting the theoretical account proposed by Malone et al. (2010) as well as related work on ideas competitions, we comprise the various dimensions regarding the consummation of ideas competitions on university level. We then introduce a case study, which highlights the potentials of ideas competitions within university field. The case study shows that intra-university ideas competitions allow universities to stimulate the creativity of their students as well as to enhance inside-out activities.
The Carcinogenic Activity of 2-Acetaminofluorene Characteristics of the Lesions in Albino Rats

At ten t ion has been called to the development of a va r ie ty of tumors in ra ts and mice af ter the admin i s t r a t ion of 2-acetaminofluorene by mouth (2, 11). Species differences in susceptibi l i ty and in dis t r ibut ion of prol iferat ive lesions have been noted (1, 12), bu t animals of a single s t rain have shown fair ly consistent deve lopment of characterist ic lesions. We have used pr incipal ly albino ra t s originally of the Stanford s t ra in (11), so the discussion to follow will deal with tumors in these highly susceptible animals. I t is probable tha t the tumors are induced not by the acetaminofluorene itself, bu t by some der ived product , possibly aminofluorene (13). The na tu re of the resul tant tumors is similar whether acetaminofluorene or aminofluorene is adminis ter ed to rats. Focal prol iferat ion of a number of different types of epithelium has appeared following cont inued feeding of acetaminofluorene in concentrations in the diet ranging from 0.5 per cent to 0.004 per cent. The other character is t ics of the diet have been described previously (11). I t is not necessary to continue the admin is t ra t ion of the substance until the t ime of appearance of lesions; a period of admin is t ra t ion as short as 25 days m a y be followed months la ter by the deve lopment of tumors (12). Since the first repor t fur ther observat ions have resulted in the detection of a few addi t ional types of lesions and have given more informat ion concerning the f requency of prol iferat ive changes. Tissues from 108 ra ts which had lesions appa ren t ly due to acetaminofluorene have been studied histologically. The animals died or were killed a t var ious intervals af ter adminis t ra t ion of the subs tance in different quanti t ies, so t ha t the circumstances under which the tumors developed are not closely comparable . Since some of the animals, including all t ha t were fed more than 0.125 per cent
Jellyfish detection based on K-FOE residual map and ring segmentation

Target detection from underwater videos is a hot and difficult area in computer vision, especially when the camera has ego-motion. A jellyfish detection system is proposed for processing video streams captured by moving cameras mounted on remotely operated vehicles (ROVs). The background motion vector convergence point, or focus of expansion (FOE) is first found by solving equations with optical flows and then modified by Kalman filter prediction (K-FOE). Object templates are initialized by binarizing the K-FOE residual map. Subsequently, a ring segmentation subsystem is used to update the primitive object mask according to the distance between the object mask center and the K-FOE. All objects are extracted after their updated masks are obtained. Experimental results on real video data show that the proposed system can not only reduce fault detection but also extract small size jellyfish objects well.
Deeper into the maize: new insights into genomic imprinting in plants

Current models for regulation of parent‐specific gene expression in plants have been based on a small number of imprinted genes in Arabidopsis. These present repression as the default state, with expression requiring targeted activation. In general, repression is associated with maintenance methylation of cytosines, while no role has been found in Arabidopsis imprinting for de novo methylation—unlike the case in mammals. A recent paper 1 both reinforces and challenges the model drawn from Arabidopsis. Methylation patterns of two imprinted loci in maize were tracked from gametes to offspring, enabling an exploration of the timing of imprinting. For one gene, fie1, the results were as expected: parent‐specific methylation patterns were inherited from the three types of gamete: egg, central cell and sperm. The behaviour of fie2, however, was a surprise: no alleles were methylated in the gametes, although paternally contributed fie2 is methylated and silent in the endosperm, indicating that, in some cases, plant imprinting requires de novo DNA methylation. This work significantly broadens our understanding of plant imprinting and points to a greater diversity in imprinting mechanisms than has previously been appreciated. BioEssays 28: 1167–1171, 2006. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Complete Genome Sequence of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease-Causing Vibrio campbellii LA16-V1, Isolated from Penaeus vannamei Cultured in a Latin American Country

ABSTRACT We report here the complete genome sequence of Vibrio campbellii, isolated from Penaeus vannamei cultured in a Latin American country. The Tn3-like transposon and pirAB genes were encoded on the plasmid pLA16-2. These data support the geographical variations in the virulence plasmid found among acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND)-causing Vibrio isolates from Latin America and Asia.
Prediction of Spinal Canal Expansion Following Cervical Laminoplasty: A Computer-Simulated Comparison Between Single and Double-Door Techniques

Study Design. Laminoplasty was simulated using a computer-assisted technique to assess the amount of canal expansion. Objectives. This study was designed to clarify the relationship between laminoplasty opening size and increase in sagittal canal diameter, increase in canal area, and the angle of the opened lamina following laminoplasty, and to determine whether a spinous process-splitting laminoplasty achieves the similar canal expansion as a single open-door method. Summary of Background Data. Single and double-door cervical laminoplasty (SDCL and DDCL, respectively) have been widely used in the treatment of multilevel stenotic conditions. However, the relationship between laminoplasty opening size and spinal canal expansion following laminoplasty, and the comparison of postoperative spinal canal expansion between single and double-door techniques have not been well investigated. Methods. SDCL and DDCL, based on preoperative computerized tomography scans of 34 patients who had undergone the laminoplasty surgery, were simulated using a computer-assisted technique. Laminoplasty with an opening size of 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 mm were simulated to determine the amount of canal enlargement with the various opening size. Results. Sagittal diameter, canal area, and lamina angle were increased steadily following either single or double-door laminoplasty with the door opened from 6 to 18 mm. Significant positive correlation was found between laminoplasty opening size and increase in sagittal diameter (R2 = 0.969 and P = 0.001 in SDCL; R2 = 0.926 and P < 0.001 in DDCL), increase in canal area (R2 = 0.961 and P < 0.001 in SDCL; R2 = 0.937 and P < 0.001 in DDCL), and lamina angle (R2 = 0.959 and P < 0.001 in SDCL; R2 = 0.943 and P < 0.001 in DDCL). No significant correlation was observed between preoperative sagittal diameter and increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal, whereas significant positive correlation was found between preoperative cross-section area and increase in cross-section area of the spinal canal. The differences between postoperative canal increase in sagittal diameter and canal area for the single versus double-door technique were statistically significant when the door was opened by more than 12 mm (P < 0.05). Conclusions. Our investigation provides insight into canal expansion after laminoplasty. The increased amount of canal following laminoplasty can be predicted by the regression equations. This may allow preoperative determination of the optimal size of the opening needed to establish adequate canal space for the spinal cord. Both single and double-door techniques of laminoplasty provide sufficient room for posterior migration of the spinal cord, although gaining different canal expansion.
Multi-Scale Tubular Structure Detection in Ultrasound Imaging

We propose a novel, physics-based method for detecting multi-scale tubular features in ultrasound images. The detector is based on a Hessian-matrix eigenvalue method, but unlike previous work, our detector is guided by an optimal model of vessel-like structures with respect to the ultrasound-image formation process. Our method provides a voxel-wise probability map, along with estimates of the radii and orientations of the detected tubes. These results can then be used for further processing, including segmentation and enhanced volume visualization. Most Hessian-based algorithms, including the well-known Frangi filter, were developed for CTA or MRA; they implicitly assume symmetry about the vessel centerline. This is not consistent with ultrasound data. We overcome this limitation by introducing a novel filter that allows multi-scale estimation both with respect to the vessel's centerline and with respect to the vessel's border. We use manually-segmented ultrasound imagery from 35 patients to show that our method is superior to standard Hessian-based methods. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods based on the sensitivity and specificity like measures, and finally demonstrate further applicability of our method to vascular ultrasound images of the carotid artery, as well as ultrasound data for abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Research Article: Genomic regions containing QTL for plant height, internodes length, and flower color in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]

Abstract Crop yields are reduced by drought, diseases, and deficiencies that reduce plant height in many species. Conversely plants that are too tall may lodge to reduce harvestable yield. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for plant height (PLH), internode lengths (INL), and flower color (FLC) traits in soybean using mainly microsatellite markers and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from ‘Essex’ and ‘Forrest’. A total of 14 QTL for the 3 traits were located on 7 different linkage groups (LG). Twelve QTL for INL were identified on LGs A2, C2, E, F, G, I, and K. LOD scores ranged from 2.53 to 4.48 and R2 from 18.4 to 33.7 %. One QTL for PLH (qPLH) was identified on LG F by the marker interval Satt554-CCA19 and has peak LOD scores of 4.63 with an R2 of 25.0%. One QTL for FLC (qFLC) was identified on LG G by the marker Satt122 and has peak LOD scores of 2.60 with an R2 of 15.5%. The QTL presented here are important to plant height manipulation during soybean breeding to produce superior high yielding cultivars and germplasm.
Introduction to distributed probability propagation nets

This paper addresses the problem of model based diagnosis in distributed systems. It gives a special focus to probabilistic reasoning and modeling uncertainty. The system setting we consider is a set of interacting subsystems, each of which is modeled with a PPN (probability propagation net). The interaction between subsystems is modeled by the firing of common transitions that belong to more than one subsystem. All of that is logically defined by means of PHA (probabilistic Horn abductions) and the method to calculate probabilities of diagnoses is shown. The diagnostic process is done by exploiting transition invariants of Petri nets.
Reconfiguration of radial distribution system with static load models for loss minimization

Loads in distribution system changes with time and weather conditions. With the change in loading conditions power utilities usually reconfigured the network topology for optimal operation. In existing literature, network reconfiguration is performed with constant power load models. However, in real time operation, load characteristics changes with system voltage profile differently. In load modeling, the voltage dependent load has their different voltage exponents. The variation in voltage exponents with change in loading further depends upon the type of load. Therefore, the optimal configuration obtained for specific loading may not be optimum if implemented with change in loading conditions. In this paper, different load models are considered and in order to obtain the optimal configuration harmony search algorithm (HSA) is used. The results are demonstrated on an IEEE 33-node distribution system.
Discovery of Novel Secreted Virulence Factors from Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium by Proteomic Analysis of Culture Supernatants

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis throughout the world. This pathogen has two type III secretion systems (TTSS) encoded in Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 and 2 (SPI-1 and SPI-2) that deliver virulence factors (effectors) to the host cell cytoplasm and are required for virulence. While many effectors have been identified and at least partially characterized, the full repertoire of effectors has not been catalogued. In this proteomic study, we identified effector proteins secreted into defined minimal medium designed to induce expression of the SPI-2 TTSS and its effectors. We compared the secretomes of the parent strain to those of strains missing essential (ssaK::cat) or regulatory (ΔssaL) components of the SPI-2 TTSS. We identified 20 known SPI-2 effectors. Excluding the translocon components SseBCD, all SPI-2 effectors were biased for identification in the ΔssaL mutant, substantiating the regulatory role of SsaL in TTS. To identify novel effector proteins, we coupled our secretome data with a machine learning algorithm (SIEVE, SVM-based identification and evaluation of virulence effectors) and selected 12 candidate proteins for further characterization. Using CyaA′ reporter fusions, we identified six novel type III effectors and two additional proteins that were secreted into J774 macrophages independently of a TTSS. To assess their roles in virulence, we constructed nonpolar deletions and performed a competitive index analysis from intraperitoneally infected 129/SvJ mice. Six mutants were significantly attenuated for spleen colonization. Our results also suggest that non-type III secretion mechanisms are required for full Salmonella virulence.
Learning together to teach together: Interprofessional education and faculty development

Interprofessional education for collaborative patient-centered practice has been identified as a key mechanism to address health care needs and priorities. Faculty development can play a unique role in promoting interprofessional education (IPE) by addressing some of the barriers to teaching and learning that exist at both the individual and the organizational level, and by providing individuals with the knowledge and skills needed to design and facilitate IPE. This article highlights a number of approaches and strategies that can facilitate IPE. In particular, it is recommended that faculty development initiatives aim to bring about change at the individual and the organizational level; target diverse stakeholders; address three main content areas, notably interprofessional education and collaborative patient-centred practice, teaching and learning, and leadership and organizational change; take place in a variety of settings, using diverse formats and educational strategies; model the principles and premises of interprofessional education and collaborative practice; incorporate principles of effective educational design; and consider the adoption of a dissemination model to implementation. Clearly, faculty members play a critical role in the teaching and learning of IPE and they must be prepared to meet this challenge.
FEM Simulations and Experiments for the Advanced Witricity Charger With Compound Nano-TiO$_{2}$ Interlayers

Based on the novel witricity technology, an advanced charger with TiO2 nano-powder and (C4H6O2)x latex combined interlayer, working on resonant coupling between two coils is proposed to realize efficient wireless energy transfer. A fabricated analytical model for the system has been designed for the study of electrical energy delivery. Related figures have been presented to showcase its performance. Then the experiments have been carried out and the output voltages, the output power, and the efficiency at the receive side with different distance have been measured for verification. The results show that the natural frequency becomes much lower for the proposed novel charger, and yet at the same time, operates with good performances. The analysis reported allows a formal design procedure to be established for the optimization of Witricity transfer for a given application.
Zinc Absorption Adapts to Zinc Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women

Objective: To determine if human Zn absorption adapts to chronic high Zn intakes. Methods: Zn absorption was measured at 0, 8, and 16 wk in healthy postmenopausal women who consumed controlled diets with ∼5 mg Zn from food, supplemented to 14 (n = 6), 32 (n = 3), or 47 (n = 3) mg Zn/d for 22 wk. Zn absorption for 1 day was determined by 65Zn-labeling of meals and whole body scintillation counting. Results: At wk 0, less Zn was absorbed from diets with 14, compared with 32 or 47 mg/d (4.6, 8.7, and 10.3 mg/d, respectively; pooled SE = 0.9; p < 0.05). These differences were not apparent at wk 8 (5.4, 5.8, 6.4; NS) and became negligible by wk 16 (5.0, 5.0, 5.1; NS). Plasma Zn concentrations were unaffected. The results are consistent with a saturation response model of Zn absorption. Conclusion: Within several weeks, postmenopausal women biologically adapted to absorb a relatively uniform amount of 5 mg Zn/d when controlled, Zn-supplemented diets supplied consistent Zn intakes between 14 and 47 mg/d.
The Herschel Orion Protostar Survey: Luminosity and Envelope Evolution

The Herschel Orion Protostar Survey obtained well-sampled 1.2–870 μm spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of over 300 protostars in the Orion molecular clouds, home to most of the young stellar objects (YSOs) in the nearest 500 pc. We plot the bolometric luminosities and temperatures for 330 Orion YSOs, 315 of which have bolometric temperatures characteristic of protostars. The histogram of the bolometric temperature is roughly flat; 29% of the protostars are in Class 0. The median luminosity decreases by a factor of four with increasing bolometric temperature; consequently, the Class 0 protostars are systematically brighter than the Class I protostars, with a median luminosity of 2.3 as opposed to 0.87 . At a given bolometric temperature, the scatter in luminosities is three orders of magnitude. Using fits to the SEDs, we analyze how the luminosities corrected for inclination and foreground reddening relate to the mass in the inner 2500 au of the best-fit model envelopes. The histogram of the envelope mass is roughly flat, while the median-corrected luminosity peaks at 15 for young envelopes and falls to 1.7 for late-stage protostars with remnant envelopes. The spread in luminosity at each envelope mass is three orders of magnitude. Envelope masses that decline exponentially with time explain the flat mass histogram and the decrease in luminosity, while the formation of a range of stellar masses explains the dispersion in luminosity.
Endoscopic treatment combined with laparoscopic sentinel node mapping for superficial gastrointestinal cancers

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has been established as a minimally invasive treatment for mucosal gastrointestinal cancer with no risk of lymph node metastasis. Recent advances in endoscopic technologies and devices, including the development of endoscopic submucosal dis− section (ESD), have improved local control of su− perficial gastrointestinal cancer. Novel technolo− gies in endoscopic treatments allow us to resect wider and deeper gastrointestinal cancer lesions.
Infection with JC Virus and Possible Dysplastic Ganglion‐Like Transformation of the Cerebral Cortical Neurons in a Case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Infection of the cerebral cortical neurons with JC virus (JCV) with possible dysplastic ganglion-like alteration of the infected neurons found in a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is described. The patient was a 21-year-old man with common variable immunodeficiency who died of PML after a 9-month clinical course. At autopsy, the white matter of the cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord exhibited extensive demyelination and necrosis. Numerous inclusion-bearing oligodendrocytes and bizarre astrocytes were found. In the occipital and temporal cortex, thick band-like aggregates of dysplastic ganglion-like cells (DGLCs) were found. These DGLCs showed immunohistochemical properties of neurons, and nuclei of some DGLCs were immunoreactive for large T antigen of SV40/JCV and p53, but not for capsid protein JCV VP1. In situ hybridization for mRNA of JCV large T antigen revealed positive signals in the nuclei of some DGLCs. These results indicate that JCV infected neurons and it is suggested that binding of the large T antigen with cellular proteins could have resulted in the dysplastic, ganglion cell-like change of the infected neurons, although the possibility that the aggregates of DGLCs represent a pre-existent malformative lesion of the cortex cannot be excluded completely.
Toward reduction of model uncertainty: Integration of Bayesian model averaging and data assimilation

Multimodeling in hydrologic forecasting has proved to improve upon the systematic bias and general limitations of a single model. This is typically done by establishing a new model as a linear combination or a weighted average of several models with weights on the basis of individual model performance in previous time steps. The most commonly used multimodeling method, Bayesian model averaging (BMA), assumes a fixed probability distribution around individual models' forecast in establishing the prior and uses a calibration period to determine static weights for each individual model. More recent work has focused on a sequential Bayesian model selection technique with weights that are adjusted at each time step in an attempt to accentuate the dynamics of an individual model's performance with respect to the system's response. However, these approaches still assume a fixed distribution around the individual models' forecast. A new sequential Bayesian model‐averaging technique is developed incorporating a sliding window of individual model performance around the forecast. Additionally, this new technique relaxes the fixed distribution assumption in establishing the prior utilizing a particle filter data assimilation method that reflects both the performance dynamics of the models' forecasts along with their uncertainty. A comparative analysis of the different BMA strategies is performed across different rates of change in the hydrograph. Results show that methods employing the particle filter show higher probabilistic skill in high ranges of volatility but are overconfident in medium and low ranges of volatility.