Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing Bandwidth-Efficient Stabilizing Control Servers

Guaranteeing stability of control applications in embedded systems, or cyber-physical systems, is perhaps the alpha and omega of implementing such applications. However, as opposed to the classical real-time systems where often the acceptance criterion is meeting the deadline, control applications do not primarily enforce hard deadlines. In the case of control applications, stability is considered to be the main design criterion and can be expressed in terms of the amount of delay and jitter a control application can tolerate before instability. Therefore, new design and analysis techniques are required for embedded control systems. In this paper, the analysis and design of such systems considering server-based resource reservation mechanism are addressed. The benefits of employing servers are manifold: (1) providing a compositional framework, (2) protection against other tasks misbehaviors, and (3) systematic bandwidth assignment. We propose a methodology for designing bandwidth-efficient servers to stabilize control tasks.
A Low Cost Algorithm for Expected Goal Events Detection in Broadcast Soccer Video

Recently, mining information in sports video data, especially soccer video, has become an active research topic. In this paper, a new algorithm for detection of expected goal events in soccer video is proposed. The proposed algorithm is composed of two main steps. Firstly, video is segmented into its constituent shots and these shots are categorized into two groups, namely long shots and non-long shots. Secondly, long shots are examined to detect expected goal events. Our scheme uses the playfield boundary feature for shot boundary detection, shot classification, and expected goal events detection. Therefore, this feature is extracted only one time and the algorithm is speedy. It is noticeable that the proposed algorithm is robust to blurring and spatial downsampling. Moreover, experimental results on various broadcast soccer videos show that our algorithm can achieve high accuracy and especially high speed.
Discovering Environmental Impacts on Public Health Using Heterogeneous Big Sensory Data

In this paper, we present a method for detecting events, especially healthcare-related events, by abstracting trends of data streaming from heterogeneous sensors. The main idea behind the method is to detect real-time events and explain them understandably by finding spatio-temporal-theme correlations between physical and social sensory data. In the method, a training stage is designed as a non-stop process with labels assigned automatically to feature vectors in order to build a set of positive and negative samples. Thereafter, an event model is generated by using supervised learning approaches as a means to steadily increase its accuracy. The problem of environmental impacts on asthma attacks is used to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed method can detect the prevalence of asthma risks in a specific spatio-temporal context with high accuracy.
Sublating Tensions in the IT Project Risk Management Literature: A Model of the Relative Performance of Intuition and Deliberate Analysis for Risk Assessment

The information technology (IT) project risk management literature comprises two dominant but diverging bodies of knowledge: the normative and the experiential. We conducted a three-step dialectical review of this literature with the aim of creating a bridging body of knowledge. In the first step, delineation, we synthesize the overarching variance and process explanations in each body of knowledge and motivate the examination of their divergences. In the second step, contrastation, we perform a dialectical interrogation of these bodies to articulate their key assumption-level tensions. We elaborate on the most prominent tension between the two bodies, namely, the relative performance of intuition and deliberate analysis for project risk assessment. In the third step, sublation, we propose a theoretical model that resolves this tension. Anchored in both bodies of knowledge and drawing from managerial decision-making research, the model proposes that the relative performance of intuition depends on characteristics of the IT project manager (project-specific expertise), the project (risks’ temporal complexity and risks’ structural complexity), and the project’s organizational environment (e.g., stakeholders’ involvement in risk management, methods-using pressures). Moreover, the model posits that project-specific expertise moderates all the other effects. Building on the bridging knowledge insights from this model, we discuss how researchers can design interventions to increase project managers’ use of deliberate analysis when it is expected to outperform intuition or to encourage reliance on intuition when it is likely to outperform deliberate analysis.
Aquaporin‐4 and epilepsy

Recent studies have implicated glial cells in modulation of synaptic transmission, so it is plausible that glial cells may have a functional role in the hyperexcitability characteristic of epilepsy. Indeed, alterations in distinct astrocyte membrane channels, receptors, and transporters have all been associated with the epileptic state. This review focuses on the potential roles of the glial water channel aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) in modulation of brain excitability and in epilepsy. We will review studies of mice lacking AQP4 (Aqp4−/− mice) or α‐syntrophin (an AQP4 anchoring protein) and discuss the available human studies demonstrating alterations of AQP4 in human epilepsy tissue specimens. We will conclude with new studies of AQP4 regulation and discuss the potential role of AQP4 in the development of epilepsy (epileptogenesis). While many questions remain unanswered, the available data indicate that AQP4 and its molecular partners may represent important new therapeutic targets. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using Grammatical Markov Models for Stylometric Analysis CS 224 N : Natural Language Processing

Researchers have tackled the problem of authorship attribution in several different ways, using various metrics to identify the author of an anonymous document given a set of writing samples from potential candidates. Common complaints about modern methodologies tend to accuse studies of content bias, which occurs when quantitative models identify similar content rather than similar styles. This artificially increases accuracy by producing good results on test data while failing to identify authors in real-world applications. We examine several quantitative methods that isolate style by using grammar-based features rather than relying on models of word shape and frequency.
Influence of Peritoneal Transport Characteristics on Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcome in Chinese Diabetic Nephropathy Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis

Background: High peritoneal transport status was previously thought to be a poor prognostic factor in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. However, its effect on diabetic nephropathy PD patients is unclear in consideration of the adverse impact of diabetes itself. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of peritoneal transport characteristics on nutritional status and clinical outcome in diabetic nephropathy patients on PD. Methods: One hundred and two diabetic nephropathy patients on PD were enrolled in this observational cohort study. According to the initial peritoneal equilibration test result, patients were divided into two groups: Higher transport group (HT, including high and high average transport) and lower transport group (LT, including low and low-average transport). Demographic characteristics, biochemical data, dialysis adequacy, and nutritional status were evaluated. Clinical outcomes were compared. Risk factors for death-censored technique failure and mortality were analyzed. Results: Compared with LT group (n = 37), serum albumin was significantly lower and the incidence of malnutrition by subjective global assessment was significantly higher in HT group (n = 65) (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analyses showed that death-censored technique failure and mortality were significantly increased in HT group compared with that in LT group. On multivariate Cox analyses, higher peritoneal transport status and lower residual renal function (RRF) were independent predictors of death-censored technique failure when adjusted for serum albumin and total weekly urea clearance (Kt/V). Independent predictors of mortality were advanced age, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and lower RRF, but not higher peritoneal transport status. Conclusions: Higher peritoneal transport status has an adverse influence on nutrition for diabetic nephropathy patients on PD. Higher peritoneal transport status is a significant independent risk factor for death-censored technique failure, but not for mortality in diabetic nephropathy patients on PD.
A moving objects detection algorithm in video sequence

Background subtraction and frame differencing algorithm are widely used approaches for detecting moving objects from video sequences. Many different methods have been proposed over the recent years and many related researchers can be confused about their benefits and limitations. In order to overcome this problem, this paper provides an improved algorithm based on these two techniques. It uses surendra background algorithm to get background model and uses frame differencing algorithm to update it, then extracts the moving objects from the fusion of images extracted from these two methods. Because the moving objects we used in the video are bees which always fly in high speed and they are very small, the moving target becomes difficult to extract. In order to solve this problem and get more moving information, the circle segmentation dynamic threshold is used in this paper. It is shown through the result that the method can satisfy the precision and accuracy in the video sequences without affecting the requirement of real-time.
Improved Range Analysis in Fixed-Point Polynomial Data-Path

In range analysis (RA), suitable integer bit-widths are assigned to the variables so that no overflow occurs. Although the accuracy in RA rather than error analysis has more impact on hardware cost and efficiency, there are few works that offer new approaches to improve RA. Arithmetic functions, mostly represented by polynomials, are normally suitable for both optimization and verification purposes. In this paper, a safe and more accurate RA of feed-forward fixed-point polynomial data-flow graphs is proposed. The method employs particular features of RA and maps it to a specific class of polynomial optimization problems. The proposed method provides tighter ranges while taking less runtime in comparison with satisfiability-modulo theory-based method. Furthermore, the improved ranges lead to enhance the area and delay efficiency more than 50% and 24%, respectively, when the circuits are implementing the functions in comparison with the state-of-the-art techniques.
Risk attitudes in medical decisions for others: An experimental approach

The aim of this paper is to investigate how risk attitudes in medical decisions for others vary across health contexts. A lab experiment was designed to elicit the risk attitudes of 257 medical and nonmedical students by assigning them the role of a physician who must decide between treatments for patients. An interval regression model was used to estimate individual coefficients of relative risk aversion, and an estimation model was used to test for the effect of type of medical decision and experimental design characteristics on elicited risk aversion. We find that (a) risk attitudes vary across different health contexts, but risk aversion prevails in all of them; (b) students enrolled in health-related degrees show a higher degree of risk aversion; and (c) real rewards for third parties (patients) make subjects less risk-averse. The results underline the importance of accounting for attitudes towards risk in medical decision making.
Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Identification for Shearer Cutting Conditions Based on Parallel Quasi-Newton Neural Networks and the Dempster-Shafer Theory

In order to efficiently and accurately identify the cutting condition of a shearer, this paper proposed an intelligent multi-sensor data fusion identification method using the parallel quasi-Newton neural network (PQN-NN) and the Dempster-Shafer (DS) theory. The vibration acceleration signals and current signal of six cutting conditions were collected from a self-designed experimental system and some special state features were extracted from the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). In the experiment, three classifiers were trained and tested by the selected features of the measured data, and the DS theory was used to combine the identification results of three single classifiers. Furthermore, some comparisons with other methods were carried out. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method performs with higher detection accuracy and credibility than the competing algorithms. Finally, an industrial application example in the fully mechanized coal mining face was demonstrated to specify the effect of the proposed system.
Reconfiguration of Distribution Network using Best First Search

Electrical Distribution networks are generally configured radially. The operating conditions such as, voltage, power loss etc. change with changing load profile. The operating conditions can be improved significantly by changing the status of the tie-switches (normally open) and sectionalizing switches (normally closed) while maintaining the structure radial and keeping all nodes connected. Several AI based techniques have been applied to search for optimal configuration. However, they are all computationally complex and time consuming, making them unsuitable for online applications. This paper illustrates the use of best-first search technique to find the optimal or near optimal configuration with minimal computational burden. Simplified Distflow equations are employed to compute the load flow. They give approximate loss calculation and are efficient in guiding the search. The proposed method has been successfully applied to IEEE-16 bus system. Keywords—Reconfiguration, Best-first search, simplified distflow equations.
TURBULENT CONVECTION IN STELLAR INTERIORS. II. THE VELOCITY FIELD

We analyze stellar convection with the aid of three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic simulations, introducing the turbulent cascade into our theoretical analysis. We devise closures of the Reynolds-decomposed mean field equations by simple physical modeling of the simulations (we relate temperature and density fluctuations via coefficients); the procedure (Convection Algorithm Based on Simulations) is terrestrially testable and is amenable to systematic improvement. We develop a turbulent kinetic energy equation which contains both nonlocal and time-dependent terms, and is appropriate if the convective transit time is shorter than the evolutionary timescale. The interpretation of mixing-length theory (MLT) as generally used in astrophysics is incorrect; MLT forces the mixing length to be an imposed constant. Direct tests show that the damping associated with the flow is that suggested by Kolmogorov (εK ≈ ρ(u′)3rms/ℓD, where ℓD is the size of the largest eddy and (u′)rms is the local rms turbulent velocity). This eddy size is approximately the depth of the convection zone ℓCZ in our simulations, and corresponds in some respects to the mixing length of MLT. New terms involving the local heating due to turbulent dissipation should appear in the stellar evolutionary equations, and are not guaranteed to be negligible. The enthalpy flux (stellar “convective luminosity”) is directly connected to the buoyant acceleration, and hence to the scale of convective velocity. MLT tends to systematically underestimate the velocity scale, which affects estimates of chromospheric and coronal heating, mass loss, and wave generation. Quantitative comparison with a variety of 3D simulations reveals a previously unrecognized consistency. Extension of this approach to deal with rotational shear and MHD is indicated. Examples of application to stellar evolution will be presented in subsequent papers in this series.
A Perspective of Games for People with Physical Disabilities

People with physical disabilities have to handle obstacles to conduct their lives. In Digital Games Development and Natural User Interface (NUI), researchers have shown interest in overcoming these obstacles. In this study, we collected data to evaluate how they are conducting their studies. We gathered 1485 articles from scientific databases and selected 93, from which we extracted information regarding the contribution of each study, the users responses to each approach, intervention tools and other topics. Our conclusion presents a perspective of studies of games focusing on the rehabilitation and accessibility of people with physical disabilities, a guideline with considerations of the researchers in the field and our suggested directions for new studies.
The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000.

BACKGROUND Sepsis represents a substantial health care burden, and there is limited epidemiologic information about the demography of sepsis or about the temporal changes in its incidence and outcome. We investigated the epidemiology of sepsis in the United States, with specific examination of race and sex, causative organisms, the disposition of patients, and the incidence and outcome. METHODS We analyzed the occurrence of sepsis from 1979 through 2000 using a nationally representative sample of all nonfederal acute care hospitals in the United States. Data on new cases were obtained from hospital discharge records coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. RESULTS Review of discharge data on approximately 750 million hospitalizations in the United States over the 22-year period identified 10,319,418 cases of sepsis. Sepsis was more common among men than among women (mean annual relative risk, 1.28 [95 percent confidence interval, 1.24 to 1.32]) and among nonwhite persons than among white persons (mean annual relative risk, 1.90 [95 percent confidence interval, 1.81 to 2.00]). Between 1979 and 2000, there was an annualized increase in the incidence of sepsis of 8.7 percent, from about 164,000 cases (82.7 per 100,000 population) to nearly 660,000 cases (240.4 per 100,000 population). The rate of sepsis due to fungal organisms increased by 207 percent, with gram-positive bacteria becoming the predominant pathogens after 1987. The total in-hospital mortality rate fell from 27.8 percent during the period from 1979 through 1984 to 17.9 percent during the period from 1995 through 2000, yet the total number of deaths continued to increase. Mortality was highest among black men. Organ failure contributed cumulatively to mortality, with temporal improvements in survival among patients with fewer than three failing organs. The average length of the hospital stay decreased, and the rate of discharge to nonacute care medical facilities increased. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of sepsis and the number of sepsis-related deaths are increasing, although the overall mortality rate among patients with sepsis is declining. There are also disparities among races and between men and women in the incidence of sepsis. Gram-positive bacteria and fungal organisms are increasingly common causes of sepsis.
A Gameplay Definition through Videogame Classification

This paper is part of an experimental approach aimed to raise a videogames classification. Being inspired by the methodology that Propp used for the classification of Russian fairy tales, we have identified recurrent diagrams within rules of videogames, that we called "Gameplay Bricks". The combinations of these different bricks should allow us to represent a classification of all videogames in accordance with their rules. In this article, we will study the nature of these bricks, especially the link they seem to have with two types of game rules: the rules that allow the player to "manipulate" the elements of the game, and the rules defining the "goal" of the game. This study will lead to an hypothesis about the nature of gameplay.
Changes in Defensive Functioning in Completed Psychoanalyses: the Penn Psychoanalytic Treatment Collection

Theory predicts that patients completing psychoanalysis should improve in their dynamic functioning. The aim of this naturalistic study is to examine whether a sample of 17 subjects from the Penn Psychoanalytic Treatment Collection with completed, tape-recorded psychoanalyses demonstrated improvement in one dynamic aspect: their defense mechanisms. The pre-post effect size for the change in overall defensive functioning (ODF) of the sample was large (.76) and statistically significant (p = .01). The percentage of subjects who improved in their ODF (71%) was similar to that found by others who studied the same sample using general functioning measures. These findings provide the first empirical evidence to support a trait-like change in dynamic personality functioning in patients who have undergone psychoanalysis. Randomized controlled studies with homogeneous samples are needed to further confirm these findings.
Isolation of synaptic junctional complexes of high structural integrity from rat brain

A new method has been developed for isolating synaptic junctional complexes (SJC) of high structural integrity. The major step in the isolation involves homogenization of a synaptosomal membrane (SM) fraction in a biphasic system consisting of Freon 113 and an aqueous phase containing 0.2% Triton X-100. Well-preserved SJCs, along with membrane vesicles, were recovered in the aqueous phase after low-speed centrifugation of the homogenate. The membranes were subsequently separated from the SJCs by centrifugation on a discontinuous sucrose density gradient. The purity and identity of subcellular fractions were monitored by thin sectioning electron microscopy, using specific and nonspecific staining methods. From the electron microscope studies we conclude that SJCs and their components occupy about 65% of the area covered by structures in this fraction. The assay of enzyme activities indicates that homogenization in Triton-Freon and subsequent steps of the isolation procedure affect the activities of Na, K-ATPase, cytochrome oxidase, and acid phosphatase to different extents, but do not cause total inactivation. Electrophoresis of the SJC-enriched fraction on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels has demonstrated that a polypeptide which co-migrates with tubulin is the major component in this fraction, and that a polypeptide co-migrating with actin is also present.
Texture replacement of garments in monocular video sequences

In this paper, we present a video processing algorithm for texture replacement of moving garments in monocular video recordings. We use a color-coded pattern which encodes texture coordinates within a local neighborhood in order to determine the geometric deformation of the texture. A time-coherent texture interpolation is obtained by the use of 3D radial basis functions. Shading maps are determined with a surface reconstruction technique and applied to new textures which replace the color pattern in the video sequence. Our method enables exchanging fabric pattern designs of garments worn by actors as a video post-processing step.