Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Crisis management knowledge from social media

More and more crisis managers, crisis communicators and laypeople use Twitter and other social media to provide or seek crisis information. In this paper, we focus on retrospective conversion of human-safety related data to crisis management knowledge. First, we study how Twitter data can be classified into the seven categories of the United Nations Development Program Security Model (i.e., Food, Health, Politics, Economic, Personal, Community, and Environment). We conclude that these topic categories are applicable, and supplementing them with classification of individual authors into more generic sources of data (i.e., Official authorities, Media, and Laypeople) allows curating data and assessing crisis maturity. Second, we introduce automated classifiers, based on supervised learning and decision rules, for both tasks and evaluate their correctness. This evaluation uses two datasets collected during the crises of Queensland floods and NZ Earthquake in 2011. The topic classifier performs well in the major categories (i.e., 120--190 training instances) of Economic (F = 0.76) and Community (F = 0.67) while in the minor categories (i.e., 0--60 training instances) the results are more modest (F ≤ 0.41). The source classifier shows excellent results (F ≥ 0.83) in all categories.
Vacuum effects of ultra-low mass particle account for Recent Acceleration of Universe

In recent work, we showed that non-perturbative vacuum eﬀects of a very low mass particle could induce, at a redshift of order 1, a transition from a matter-dominated to an accelerating universe. In that work, we used the simpliﬁcation of a sudden transition out of the matter-dominated stage and were able to ﬁt the Type Ia supernovae (SNe-Ia) data points with a spatially-open universe. In the present work, we ﬁnd a more accurate, smooth spatially-ﬂat analytic solution to the quantum-corrected Einstein equations. This solution gives a good ﬁt to the SNe-Ia data with a particle mass parameter m h in the range 6 . 40 × 10 − 33 eV to 7 . 25 × 10 − 33 eV. It follows that the ratio of total matter density (including dark matter) to critical density, Ω 0 , is in the range 0 . 58 to 0 . 15, and the age t 0 of the universe is in the range 8 . 10 h − 1 Gyr to 12 . 2 h − 1 Gyr, where h is the present value of the Hubble constant, measured as a fraction of the value 100 km/(s Mpc). This spatially-ﬂat model agrees with estimates of the position of the ﬁrst acoustic peak in the small angular scale ﬂuctuations of the cosmic background radiation, and with light-element abundances of standard big-bang nucleosynthesis. Our model has only a single free parameter, m h , and does not require that we live at a special time in the evolution of the universe.
Do firms in revitalization engage in earnings management: The Portuguese case.

Purpose : This paper analyses earnings management of firms in revitalization. We aim to verify differences in discretionary accruals between firms that are still in activity and the others. Moreover, we study which determinants impact earnings management and if results depend on the firm’ situation. Methodology : The sample covers Portuguese firms that enter in 2012 in the special revitalization program. The sample period covers the period from 2011 till 2017. First the Kothari et al. (2005) model was used to calculate discretionary accruals. Then, we propose a model with seven determinants to explain earnings management. Findings : Results show that distress firms engage in earnings management. Firms that are still in activity use upward accruals strategy, while firms that went to bankruptcy use downward one. Moreover, determinants related with leverage, return, the sign of net income, size and age are relevant to explain earnings management of firms that went to bankruptcy. To solvent firms, only age is statistically significant to explain discretionary accrual. Finally, we show that more than half of the firms that look for this program went to failure in the years after. Practical implications : Our work giver relevant information to the government about the revitalization program success. Moreover, it calls attention for the need of legislation to limit earnings management to demotivate firms to engage in these practices. Originality : Studies analyzing the impact of revitalization programs in earnings management are scarce, and the existing ones only analyze differences before and after solvency problems.
Opportunities of adopting renewable energy for the nursery industry in Australia

In Australia, the nursery and garden industry provides significant economic, cultural, social and environmental benefits to the community (NGIA, 2014). The production nurseries support a diverse array of industries and end users, including retail outlets, landscapers, cut-flower growers, orchardists, vegetable growers, interiorscapers, sustainable forestry and revegetation enterprises. Overall, the gross value of production (GVP) of the broad 'nursery, flower and turf' industry in Australia is A$1271 million, which is 17% of the total GVP of Australian horticultural industry (ABS, 2013). Amenity horticulture is currently one of the fastest growing industries in Australia (NGIA, 2009). Energy use efficiency has also become increasingly important due to the increasing cost and scarcity of energy sources and also the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions causing global warming (Bundschuh and Chen, 2014; Chen and Baillie, 2009a). The horticultural sector contributes about 6% of the total agriculturalGHGemissions in Australia (Deuter, 2008). Nursery operators are thus under increasing pressure to reduce their energy and carbon footprint. By improving energy efficiency and using clean energy sources, the nursery industry can drive down their carbon footprint (Abeliotis et al., 2015; Beccaro et al., 2014; Lazzerini et al., 2014; Russo et al., 2008), and also simultaneously increase their bottom line.
Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) result from an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Preliminary findings suggest that susceptibility genes differ between IBD patients in Asia and the West. We aimed to evaluate disease‐predisposing genes in Asian IBD patients. Methods: A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed of published studies from 1950 to 2010 using keyword searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM Reviews, and BIOSIS Previews. Results: In all, 477 abstracts were identified and data extracted from 93 studies, comprising 17,976 IBD patients and 27,350 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Major nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)‐2 variants in Western Crohn's disease (CD) patients were not associated with CD in Han Chinese, Japanese, South Korean, Indian, and Malaysian populations. New NOD2 mutations were, however, associated with CD in Malaysians (JW1), Han Chinese, and Indians (P268S). Autophagy‐related protein 16‐linked 1 (ATG16L1) was not associated with CD in East Asians (odds ratio [OR] 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–1.13). Interleukin (IL)‐23R was associated with CD in South Koreans (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.16–2.82) and a single nucleotide polymorphism in IL‐23R (Gly149Arg) was protective of CD in Han Chinese (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.15–0.60). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily gene‐15 (SF15) polymorphisms were associated with CD (OR 2.68; 95% CI 1.86–3.86), while TNF‐308 polymorphisms (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.15–2.9), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)‐4 (OR 2.75; 95% CI 1.22–6.22) and MICA allele (OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.89–3.07) were associated with ulcerative colitis in Asians. Conclusions: Genetic mutations of IBD in Asians differ from Caucasians. New mutations and susceptibility genes identified in Asian IBD patients provide an opportunity to explore new disease‐associated mechanisms in this population of rising incidence. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012;)
The Exploration of Transparency on Efficiency Among Non-profit Organizations (NPO) in China

This study examines if higher level of transparency is associated with higher level of efficiency with the efficiency among NPOs measured by the percentage of the donation from public used for charity program purposes or for the mission of an NPO in China. Using 14,183 observations from the year of 2010 to 2015, we utilized a pooled ordinary least square model (OLS), a fixed effect model (FE) and a dynamic panel model with a firstdifferenced generalized method of moments estimation (GMM). The results showed that NPOs with higher level of transparency are associated with higher level of efficiency. Our findings have valuable policy implication for NPO regulation and management. Keywords—Efficiency; Transparency; Donation dependence; Government funding; Non-profit organizations
Direct profiling of the cerebellum by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry: A methodological study in postnatal and adult mouse

Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) can detect substantial changes in expression of proteins in tissues, such as cancer cells. A more challenging problem is detecting the smaller changes expected in normal development or complex diseases. Here we address methodological issues regarding the acquisition and analysis of MALDI MS data from tissue sections, in a study of mouse cerebellum at different stages of development. Sections of the cerebellar cortex were analyzed at the peak of granule neuron production [postnatal day (P) 7], during synapse formation (P14), and in adults. Data were acquired (Voyager‐DE™ STR Biospectrometry Workstation; seven acquisitions of 50 shots per section, 3.5–50 kDa), preprocessed (Data Explorer 4.3), and averaged. Among 846 peaks detected, in at least 50% of at least one group, 122 showed significant group differences (Kruskal‐Wallis ANOVA) after Bonferroni correction. Factor analyses revealed two age‐related factors, possibly reflecting gradients of expression during development. Predictive analysis of microarrays generated a model from half of the sample that correctly predicted developmental groups for the second half. Intraclass correlation coefficients, measuring within‐mouse consistency of peak heights from three tissue sections, were acceptable at lower m/z and for larger peaks at higher m/z. Low mass was the best predictor of significant group differences. The analysis demonstrates that MALDI MS of normal tissue sections at different ages can detect consistent, significant group differences. Further work is needed to increase the sensitivity of the methods and to apply them reliably to brain regions and to subproteomes with relevance to diverse brain functions and diseases. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The PIDDosome activates p53 in response to supernumerary centrosomes

In this study, Fava et al. show that an increase in the number of mature centrosomes (the main microtubule-organizing centers in animal cells), generated by disrupting cytokinesis or forcing centrosome overduplication, triggers the activation of the PIDDosome multiprotein complex, leading to Caspase-2-mediated MDM2 cleavage, p53 stabilization, and p21-dependent cell cycle arrest.
Effects of Intermittent Exercise on Cardiac Troponin I and Creatine Kinase-MB

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of high-intensity intermittent exercise and carbohydrate supplementation on cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in soccer players. Methods: Twelve elite soccer players were selected and divided equally into three groups of carbohydrate (CHO), placebo (P) and control (C). Blood samples were taken in six phases and were analyzed with the chemiluminescence method. Results: Results showed that three bouts of 90-min exercise along with carbohydrate supplementation did not have any significant effect on the level of cTnI indices. However, there was a significant difference in CK-MB values after the second and third sessions compared with the first day (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In summary, exercises with less duration and intensity like soccer do not seem to be effective on cTnI and CK-MB. When the overall intensity of exercise was moderate, it appeared that carbohydrate supplementation had less effect on the alteration of biochemical markers of the myocardial muscle.
Characterization of a high-Q on-chip transmission line for CMOS MMIC applications

A high quality factor transmission line structure with shielded ground plane and curved side-walls is proposed for CMOS MMIC applications. The structure is optimized, fabricated and characterized up to 40 GHz. Instead of conventional open, short and thru de-embedding methods which occupies a large chip area, a simple yet accurate de-embedding method using lines with different lengths is employed. Simulated and measured data are compared which shows are in good agreement. The extracted line parameters are studied and it is seen that even with the shielded ground; the quality factor of the line degrades at very high frequency due to the substrate loss.
Effects of rapid tryptophan depletion in patients with seasonal affective disorder in remission after light therapy.

BACKGROUND Previous studies show that rapid tryptophan depletion reverses the effects of therapy with serotonergic, but not noradrenergic, antidepressant drugs in patients with remitted nonseasonal depression. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of rapid tryptophan depletion in patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) that was in clinical remission after light therapy. METHODS Patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for recurrent major depressive episodes, seasonal (winter) pattern (equivalent to SAD), were treated with a standard course of light therapy. Ten patients with SAD in clinical remission after light therapy underwent rapid tryptophan depletion in a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study. Behavioral ratings and plasma tryptophan levels were obtained before and after rapid tryptophan depletion. RESULTS Plasma total and free tryptophan levels were significantly reduced to 20% of normal levels by the rapid tryptophan depletion. The depletion session resulted in significant increases in depression scores compared with the sham control session. Six of 10 patients had a clinically significant relapse of their depression following the tryptophan depletion session. CONCLUSIONS Rapid tryptophan depletion appears to reverse the antidepressant effect of bright light therapy in patients with SAD. This suggests that the therapeutic effects of bright light in SAD may involve a serotonergic mechanism.
A review of threat modelling and its hybrid approaches to software security testing

As organizations seek to fulfill their objectives in the 21st century, they have come to immensely depend on reliable and secure software as a core component of their organizational asset to achieve their set goals. Irrespective of the size, nature or sector of these firms, securing the software asset has gained momentum given major software security issues in the form of incessant cyber-attacks to sensitive and confidential data which could bring huge losses to both the organization and her customers. However, a critical approach to defending the organization’s software infrastructure is anticipating the nature of the exploits from the attacker’s perspective before they occur and strategizing mitigation plans in order to prevent these attacks from being successful. This is called Threat Modeling. The objective of this paper is to identify existing challenges in this research field and establish the grounds for a credible research activity therefore the researchers present a review of literatures on threat modelling activities overs the years and the subsequent hybrids developed to cater for the weaknesses of the techniques used. It was discovered that software applications suffered from analysis paralysis due to over-specification of security requirements while using hybrid threat modeling techniques. Furthermore, we discuss briefly our proposed approach to using hybrid threat modeling using a set of coherent modeling techniques in tackling a particular security vulnerability plaguing web applications while avoiding analysis paralysis.
Spatial Frequency Shifts From Counterphase Flicker and From Simultaneous Contrast

In simultaneous contrast of spatial frequency (SF), a test grating surrounded by a coarser inducing grating looks apparently finer. We combined this effect with another visual illusion; the fact that flickering the inducing grating raises its apparent SF. We found that the inducer’s apparent, not physical spatial frequency, drove the simultaneous contrast that it induced into a test grating. Thus, when the inducer was made to flicker, its SF appeared to be higher and consequently, the test’s SF appeared lower than before. This suggests that simultaneous contrast of spatial frequency exists further downstream than the flicker-induced increase in perceived SF.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SWOT ANALYSIS IN HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT USING THE JKN-KIS SERVICE CONCEPT

The hospital industry changed dramatically after the JKN program was implemented in 2014. This change should be well supported because the conventional system of health services (fee for service) makes it difficult for people to get good health service if they do not have enough money. Moreover, health is basically guaranteed by the government which is formulated in the Law. Finally, it was recently implemented and experienced many obstacles. Not many hospitals can quickly adapt to the changes in the health industry in Indonesia. Bundle budgeting is a very serious problem, so that many hospital cash flows are not appropriately maintained. There has often been news found in recent years about hospitals being sold because they were unable to adapt to these changes. The big change that must be made to survive in the JKN era is management of hospital operations with efficiency and effectiveness that does not exclude service quality. Operational excellence is the key to the success of hospital management. However, to achieve this success, a strong and accurate analysis is needed so that the changes are implemented correctly. Hospital management analysis can apply SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is a tool commonly used in companies that is ultimately intended to get the best strategy.
Psychological distress and substance abuse in Jamaican youths living with HIV/AIDS.

OBJECTIVE Current epidemiological research indicates that HIV/AIDS endures and continues to be a significant vulnerability among adolescents and youths despite the increased access to antiretroviral drugs and the reduction in the global progression of the disease. This study examined the association between substance use and psychological distress within the Jamaican population of youths coping with the illness. METHOD This is a cross-sectional survey that utilized a correlational design. The sample population consisted of 62 youths, age range 15-25 years, living with HIV/AIDS. Sociodemographic information was gathered through interviews and self-report scales were used to measure depression, anxiety, stress and substance use. Chi-square was used to assess the relationship between the variables under study: psychological distress and substance use. RESULTS More than half the sample were heterosexuals who contracted the virus through consensual intercourse. The average age of respondents was 21.29 years and slightly more than half were female (56.5%). The majority of respondents were single (54.8%), unemployed (73%), heterosexual (69.4%) youths with a secondary level education (63%). There was a statistically significant relationship between psychological distress and substance use (χ2 = 7.3959, df = 3, p = 0.047). CONCLUSION The emotional needs of youths living with HIV/AIDS are just as important as their medical needs.
Managing old and new in local newsrooms: an analysis of Generation C’s multiplatform local news repertoires

ABSTRACT Convergence has substantially changed the ways of news consumption and dissemination. This research represents one of the first attempts to examine Generation C’s multiplatform local news repertoires at both media source and audience levels. Results of the cluster analysis identified three types of local news sources – traditional local news sources, web location-independent news sources, and “push” news source, and suggested that local news organisations’ traditional, web, and social platforms appealed to Generation C audiences in a similar way. In addition, this study identified three types of audiences of local news – heavy local news seekers, determined location-independent news seekers, and light local news seekers, and found that both individual and structural factors significantly predicted the classification of the audience types. Managerial implications are provided for local newsroom operations.
LE BESOIN D'INFORMATION EN SITUATION D'ACHAT ET LE COMPORTEMENT D'INFORMATION FACE AU RAYON : UTILISATION ET EFFETS DU MEDIA DE COMMUNICATION ELECTRONIQUE INTERACTIVE

L'approche traditionnelle du comportement d'achat suppose que la valeur de consommation decoule de l'evaluation des caracteristiques techniques, fonctionnelles et symboliques du produit. Or une grande partie des travaux recents s'appuie sur une approche experientielle faisant de la situation anticipee de la consommation ou d'usage et de la representation de soi les elements essentiels de la valeur de consommation. Cette these, consacree au comportement d'information en situation d'achat, vise a concilier ces deux paradigmes jusqu'ici opposes. Une part de cette recherche procede a l'investigation du concept de besoin d'information. Il resulte, selon nous, de l'activation de deux schemas relatifs l'un a l'acquisition du produit, l'autre au contexte anticipe de consommation ou d'usage. Notre these postule qu'une representation simultanee en termes de risque et de complexite percus et d'aversion conduit l'acheteur a particulariser ces schemas. Alors que l'acheteur est souvent decrit comme instable et insaisissable, et totalement determine par la situation, notre these postule que le degre de generalite des schemas actives conduit a une certaine permanence du besoin d'information, transversale aux situations d'achat. L'autre part de cette these se consacre au comportement d'information a l'aide du media de communication electronique interactive. Nous montrons l'inadaptation des theories classiques de la communication a la specificite de ce media. Partant de la these de la triple interactivite, nous postulons qu'il n'y a qu'une seule interactivite, celle avec soi-meme, faite de nombreuses interactions avec le message, la source et le media. De la nait l'idee de l'effet psyche, reflet de l'acheteur avec lui-meme, lorsque le media remplit certaines conditions de transparence. En soulignant l'importance de l'information prealable a la decision d'achat, notre recherche fournit une base de reflexion a la demarche de differenciation qualitative des enseignes de distribution.
Does Ghrelin Really Increase in Epileptic Children Treated With Valproate?

why was the ghrelin level elevated instead of decreased in the epileptic patients treated with valproic acid? In conclusion, whether ghrelin levels were indeed elevated in epileptic patients by using valproic acid is not clear and is still debated. We would like to suggest that 2 forms of ghrelin be tested without preanalytical problems in future experiments to obtain more reliable results. Until then, we hold the position that ghrelin levels might not be increased in epileptic patients because of weight gain.