Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Southern Hemisphere Westerly Wind Control over the Ocean's Thermohaline Circulation

Abstract The effect of the position of the Southern Hemisphere subpolar westerly winds (SWWs) on the thermohaline circulation (THC) of the World Ocean is examined. The latitudes of zero wind stress curl position exert a strong control on the distribution of overturning between basins in the Northern Hemisphere. A southward wind shift results in a stronger Atlantic THC and enhanced stratification in the North Pacific, whereas a northward wind shift leads to a significantly reduced Atlantic THC and the development of vigorous sinking (up to 1500-m depth) in the North Pacific. In other words, the Atlantic dominance of the meridional overturning circulation depends on the position of the zero wind stress curl over the Southern Ocean in the experiments. This position has a direct influence on the surface salinity contrast between the Pacific and the Atlantic, which is then further amplified by changes in the distribution of Northern Hemisphere sinking between these basins. The results show that the northward l.
Influence of lasalocid and monensin plus tylosin on comparative feeding value of steam-flaked versus dry-rolled corn in diets for feedlot cattle.

Two trials were conducted to characterize the differences in utilization of dry-rolled and steam-flaked corn in a growing-finishing diet for feedlot cattle supplemented with and without ionophores. Ionophore treatments were: 1) no ionophore, 2) 33 mg/kg monensin sodium plus 11 mg/kg tylosin and 3) 33 mg/kg lasalocid sodium. In trial 1, treatment effects on feedlot performance were evaluated in a 239-d growing-finishing trial involving 180 crossbred steers (approximately 25% Brahman with the remainder represented by Hereford, Angus, Shorthorn and Charolais breeds in various proportions) with an average initial weight of 153 kg. In trial 2, treatment effects on characteristics of digestion were evaluated using six steers of similar breeding and background to those used in trial 1, with cannulas in the rumen and proximal duodenum. There were no interactions between corn processing and ionophore supplementation (P greater than .20). Average daily gain was not affected by steam-flaking as opposed to dry-rolling, however, feed intake was decreased 5.4% and feed conversion was improved 6.8% (P less than .01). Steam-flaking increased the estimated net energy value of the diet 7.7% and 8.5% for maintenance and gain, respectively (P less than .01). Steam-flaking increased the digestibility of starch 6.6% (P less than .01). Steam-flaking increased ruminal molar concentrations of propionate and decreased acetate:propionate ratio and estimated methane production (P less than .10). Both monensin-tylosin and lasalocid resulted in reduced feed intake (12.3 and 6.5%, respectively, P less than .01). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adaptation of robot physical behaviour to human fatigue in human-robot co-manipulation

In this paper, we propose a method that allows the robot to adapt its physical behaviour to the human fatigue in human-robot co-manipulation tasks. The robot initially imitates the human to perform the collaborative task in a leader-follower setting, using a feedback about the human motor behaviour. Simultaneously, the robot obtains the skill in online manner. When a predetermined level of human fatigue is detected, the robot uses the learnt skill to take over the physically demanding aspect of the task and contributes to a significant reduction of the human effort. The human, on the other hand, controls and supervises the high-level interaction behaviour and performs the aspects that require the contribution of both agents in such a dynamic co-manipulation setup. The robot adaptation system is based on the Dynamical Movement Primitives, Locally Weighted Regression and Adaptive Frequency Oscillators. The estimation of the human motor fatigue is carried out using a proposed online model, which is based on the human muscle activity measured by the electromyography. We demonstrate the proposed method with experiments on a real-world co-manipulation task with environmental constraints and dynamic uncertainties.
Antiproliferative and Protein Kinase Binding Activities of Some N 6, 5′-bis-ureido 5′-Amino-5′-Deoxyadenosine Derivatives

Two novel N6,5′-bis-ureido 5′-amino-5′-deoxyadenosine derivatives are shown to inhibit tumor cell growth in the NCI 60 human tumor cell panel. Compounds 2c and 2d exhibited GI50 values of 1–6 μM in 35 and 14 cell lines, respectively. Compound 2c was shown to selectively inhibit binding of protein kinases to immobilized ATP-binding site ligands via a competitive binding assay (11 of 353 protein kinases inhibited by ≥30% at 10 μM compound concentration). Enzyme inhibition assays revealed modest inhibition for PAK4 and FMS (21 and 17%, respectively). A brief SAR study suggests that a 2′-O-TBDMS is necessary for antiproliferative activity.
Recurrent neural networks for remaining useful life estimation

This paper presents an approach and solution to the IEEE 2008 Prognostics and Health Management conference challenge problem. The solution utilizes an advanced recurrent neural network architecture to estimate the remaining useful life of the system. The recurrent neural network is trained with back-propagation through time gradient calculations, an Extended Kalman Filter training method, and evolutionary algorithms to generate an accurate and compact algorithm. This solution placed second overall in the competition with a very small margin between the first and second place finishers.
Re‐investigation of the effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on renal function in situ

1. Adrenaline or noradrenaline in single doses (0·01–0·10 μg/kg) or by continuous infusion (0·3–3·0 μg.kg−1 min−1) into anaesthetized dogs has been administered by different routes. The changes in femoral arterial B.P., hepatic portal venous pressure, renal venous pressure, intrarenal venous pressure, kidney volume, renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate, urine flow and plasma protein concentration have been followed. The effects varied with route of administration, with dose and time.
Importance of cysteines in the LDLR-related domain of the subgroup A avian leukosis and sarcoma virus receptor for viral entry

The extracellular domain of the subgroup A avian sarcoma and leukemia virus (ALSV-A) receptor contains a region that is related in sequence to the ligand-binding motifs of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). This domain contains six cysteines that are highly conserved between different members of the LDLR protein superfamily, and these residues are presumed to participate in intrachain disulfide bonds. To assess the importance of each cysteine in the ALSV-A receptor, individual or multiple cysteines were mutated to alanines and the altered receptors were tested for the ability to confer susceptibility to viral infection. Receptors bearing single mutations allowed subgroup A viral entry, albeit at less than wild-type levels. Receptors containing two or three substitutions were completely inactive if one of the changed residues was Cys-35 or Cys-50. Of the altered receptors tested, the only exception to this rule was a functional receptor which lacked both Cys-35 and Cys-50, an activity that was dependent on the presence of other cysteines in this protein. Most interestingly, a receptor containing both Cys-35 and Cys-50 but lacking the other four cysteines was completely functional. These results demonstrate the importance of Cys-35 and Cys-50 for viral entry mediated by the ALSV-A receptor and show that in the presence of these two residues, all of the other cysteines in this protein can be removed without loss of this function.
Persistent downregulation of the pancarcinoma‐associated epithelial cell adhesion molecule via active intranuclear methylation

The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is expressed at high levels on the surface of most carcinoma cells. SiRNA silencing of EpCAM expression leads to reduced metastatic potential of tumor cells demonstrating its importance in oncogenesis and tumor progression. However, siRNA therapy requires either sequential delivery or integration into the host cell genome. Hence we set out to explore a more definite form to influence EpCAM gene expression. The mechanisms underlying the transcriptional activation of the EpCAM gene, both in normal epithelial tissue as well as in carcinogenesis, are poorly understood. We show that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in EpCAM expression, and moreover, active silencing of endogenous EpCAM via methylation of the EpCAM promoter results in a persistent downregulation of EpCAM expression. In a panel of carcinoma derived cell lines, bisulfite analyses showed a correlation between the methylation status of the EpCAM promoter and EpCAM expression. Treatment of EpCAM‐negative cell lines with a demethylating agent induced EpCAM expression, both on mRNA and protein level, and caused upregulation of EpCAM expression in an EpCAM‐positive cell line. After delivery of the DNA methyltransferase M.SssI into EpCAM‐positive ovarian carcinoma cells, methylation of the EpCAM promoter resulted in silencing of EpCAM expression. SiRNA‐mediated silencing remained for 4 days, after which EpCAM re‐expression increased in time, while M.SssI‐mediated downregulation of EpCAM maintained through successive cell divisions as the repression persisted for at least 17 days. This is the first study showing that active DNA methylation leads to sustained silencing of endogenous EpCAM expression. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modelling the history of early modern natural philosophy: the fate of the art-nature distinction in the Dutch universities

ABSTRACT The ‘model approach’ facilitates a quantitative-oriented study of conceptual changes in large corpora. This paper implements the ‘model approach’ to investigate the erosion of the traditional art-nature distinction in early modern natural philosophy. I argue that a condition for this transformation has to be located in the late scholastic conception of final causation. I design a conceptual model to capture the art-nature distinction and formulate a working hypothesis about its early modern fate. I test my hypothesis on a selected corpus of 25 works published in the Dutch academic milieu between 1607 and 1748. I analyse the corpus through a procedure based on concordancing of keywords associated with the model. I argue that the results obtained constitute a successful pilot study for the implementation of the model approach on larger scale research.
A novel wideband digital power amplifier and transmitter architecture for multimode handsets

The paper introduces a novel power amplifier architecture: "the wideband digital power amplifier" (DPA). This device provides RF power amplification, phase/amplitude combining, and wideband amplitude modulation. The DPA is complemented with a digital modulator to realize a compelling digital transmitter (DTx) architecture. The basic functionality and advantages of the DPA and transmitter are presented. In addition, measured results for cdma2000 are provided to demonstrate the performance capabilities of the DPA/DTx.
Fabrication and Characteristics of Ce-Doped Fiber for High-Resolution OCT Source

The fabrication of Ce-doped fibers (CeDFs) is demonstrated by drawing-tower method employing rod-in-tube technique. The fluorescence spectrum of CeDFs with a 16-μm core exhibited a 160-nm broadband emission with 1.45-μm axial resolution. This CeDF may be functioned as a high-resolution light source for optical coherence tomography applications.
The Effects of Autonomy on Emotions and Learning in Game-Based Learning Environments

The current study examined the impact of agency on college students’ emotions and learning during gameplay with CRYSTAL ISLAND, a game-based learning environment designed to foster microbiology learning. 96 undergraduate students (59% female) from a large North American university participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions (i.e., full agency, partial agency, no agency), based on the level of control granted during gameplay, and were asked to uncover the source, identity, and best treatment for a mysterious illness. Results revealed participants in the partial agency condition achieved the highest (preto post-test) proportional learning gain (PLG), even when controlling for session duration. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between evidence scores of four emotions (anger, fear, confusion, and frustration) and PLG within the partial agency condition—meaning the higher the evidence of the above emotions, the higher the PLG. Further, a stepwise multiple regression showed anger as the sole predictor of PLG. Results from this study have important implications for understanding the role of autonomy and emotions during learning and problem solving with GBLEs designed to foster scientific thinking in STEM. The current study suggests that although GBLEs offer significant learning benefits, they also induce several emotions that can facilitate or inhibit learning gains, requiring further examination.
Current control loop for tracking of maximum power point supplied for photovoltaic array

A novel method is used for projecting and implementing a current control loop as a means for regulating the power flow originated of a photovoltaic generator, based on three-phase nonautonomous static converter dc-ac functioning as an inverter. The maximum efficiency is the main issue presented in this work. A strategy for tracking the maximum power point (MMPT) for several solar insolation levels has been used in this paper. The control loop circuit, a three-phase nonautonomous static converter dc-ac, operating as inverter, is experimentally mounted to verify the proposed control strategy performance. Since the characteristic volt-ampere of a photovoltaic array depends on solar cell temperature, on sunshine incident, and on load, it is very difficult to achieve an optimum matching at all insolation levels and at all temperature variations. In this work the temperature effect will be neglected, since in our region (north of Brazil), the temperature remains approximately constant, around 30 degrees Celsius. In this regard, the temperature variations will be neglected.
Small molecule induction of neural‐like cells from bone marrow‐mesenchymal stem cells

Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to be able to differentiate into neuron‐like cell, but the precise mechanisms controlling this process are unclear. We report here that LY294002, a small molecule inhibitor of PI3K/AKT signal pathway, can inhibit proliferation and promote neuronal differentiation of MSCs after MSCs incubated with LY294002 for 6 and 12 h. RT‐PCR results indicated that mRNA expression of α5β1 integrin significantly increased in neuron‐like cell from MSCs. Interestingly, neuron‐like cells derived by this method adhere much more strongly than MSCs, which was related to the expression of α5β1 integrin and FAK phosphorylation. However, these effects could be attenuated by LiCL or GSK‐3β–siRNA. Our results indicate that activation GSK‐3β signaling may be involved in MSCs proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that small molecule regulators of PI3K/AKT signaling may be valuable tools for stem cell research aimed at treatment of neurodegenerative disease. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 1527–1536, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Strategi dan Kebijakan pembelajaran Pendidikan Karakter

pendidikan karakter merupakan pendidikan ikhwal karakter, atau pendidikan yang mengajarkan hakikat karakter dalam ketiga ranah cipta, rasa dan karsa. pendidikan karakter berfungsi sebagai pemberi pencerahan atas konsep free will dengan menyeimbangkan konse determinism dalam praktis pendidikan.
Influence of The Filtering Method in The Kinematic Data Consistency of Biomechanical Systems : A Benchmark Example

The inverse dynamic analysis of biomechanical systems is corrupted by numerous sources of error that reduce its usefulness. The most important errors are the raw displacement differentiation and the kinematic inconsistency induced by skin motion. The first type of error is mainly due to the amplification of high-frequency low-amplitude noise introduced by the motion capture system when the raw displacement signals are differentiated. The second source of error, the skin motion artifact, produces violations of the kinematic constraint equations of the multibody system. This work studies the influence of the filtering method in the kinematic consistency of biomechanical systems. The objective is to compare the obtained results using several classical and advanced filtering and smoothing schemes: Butterworth filter, GCVSPL (splines), singular spectrum Analysis and the Hodrick-Prescott filter and filter parameters. A benchmark example that includes computer generated data of a four-bar mechanism was processed using the filtering-consistency method to study the influence of several parameters. The results show that the most important error is the raw data problem. The kinematic consistency must be imposed on the smoothed data; in fact, the consistency condition does not eliminate the high-frequency low-amplitude noise present in the displacement signals. Another important conclusion is that the kinematic consistency can detect the presence of subfiltering or overfiltering.
Pushing dynamic and ubiquitous event-based interactions in the Internet of services : a middleware for event clouds. (Un intergiciel ge'rant des e've'nements pour permettre l'e'mergence d'interactions dynamiques et ubiquitaires dans l'Internet des services)

RDF has become a relevant data model for describing and modeling information on the Web but providing scalable solutions to store and retrieve RDF data in a responsive manner is still challenging. Within the context of this thesis we propose a middleware devoted to storing, retrieving synchronously but also disseminating selectively and asynchronously RDF data in a fully distributed environment. Its purposes is to allow to leverage historical information and filter data near real-time. To this aims we have built our system atop a slightly modified version of a 4-dimensional Content Addressable Network (CAN) overlay network reflecting the structure of an RDF tuple. Unlike many existing solutions we made the choice to avoid hashing for indexing data, thus allowing efficient range queries resolution. Near realtime filtering is enabled by expressing information preferences in advance through content-based subscriptions handled by a publish/subscribe layer designed atop the CAN architecture. We have proposed two algorithms to check RDF data or events satisfaction with subscriptions but also to forward solutions to interested parties. Both algorithms have been experimentally tested for throughput and scalability. Although one performs better than the other, they remain complementary to ensure correctness. Along with information retrieval and dissemination, we have proposed a solution to enhance RDF data distribution on our revised CAN network since RDF information suffers from skewness. Finally, to improve maintainability and reusability some efforts were also dedicated to provide a modular middleware reducing the coupling between its underlying software artifacts.
Neurons in cat visual cortex tuned to the direction of motion in depth: effect of stimulus speed.

We investigated sensitivity to the direction of stimulus motion in depth in neurons near the 17/18 border of cat visual cortex by using bar stimuli with different image velocities on the left retina (VL) and right retina (VR). Fourteen different values of the ratio VL/VR were randomly interleaved, corresponding to 14 different directions of motion in depth. We recorded the firing produced by binocular stimulation and the firing produced by monocular stimulation of the left and right eyes. From these data we calculated the interocular inhibition or facilitation. Each experiment gave three polar plots, i.e., spikes produced by binocular stimulation (NR), sum of left and right monocularly elicited spikes (NP), and interocular interaction (NR/NP or NP/NR). We repeated each experiment with all retinal image speeds doubled and then redoubled, giving 52 sets of three plots from 18 units. Of the 18 units studied intensively, the firing of 11 maintained substantially the same selectivity to the direction of motion in depth while stimulus speed was doubled and redoubled. Six units had differently shaped polar plots at different speeds. For many units, interocular interactions had a strong effect on selectivity to the direction of motion in depth. By far the most common effect was that interocular interactions sharpened the unit's selectivity to the direction of motion in depth. Plots of the inhibitory and facilitory interocular interactions vs. the direction of stimulus motion in depth are possible indicators of stereoscopic information processing carried out by a cell and may reveal processing not evident in the plots of recorded spikes. The motion-in-depth preferences of some units could not be predicted on the basis of monocular firing characteristics; in other words, the interaction between left and right eyes was other than simple linear summation. These units included cells that preferred the same direction of motion when stimulated monocularly, but preferred oppositely directed motion when stimulated binocularly. Other "hitting the head" units produced no appreciable firing in one or other eye when stimulated monocularly. A total of eight units were better described as being accurately tuned to the ratio VJVR rather than to the rate of change of disparity (VL — VR), the VL — VR hypothesis being firmly rejected by the data. A simple explanation in terms of a single-velocity tuning curve for inhibition and a single-velocity tuning curve for excitation could also be firmly rejected for the more sharply tuned units. One unit was somewhat better described as being tuned to VL — VR than to VJVR. In seven units no conclusion could be drawn as to VJVR vs. VL — VR tuning. (INVEST OPHTHALMOL VIS SCI 22:535-550, 1982.)
Microwave diagnostics of osteoporosis

A biological object is considered as a complicated dielectric structure with losses. Particularly, the dielectric properties of human bones depend on their state (normal or diseased). Osteoporosis is characterized by a trabecular bone structure deterioration changing the bone density and dielectric permittivity. We modeled the electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation trough the human wrist considered as a multilayer structure comprising bone, muscle, fat etc. EM properties of the wrist bone affect the propagating EM wave. The aim of this study is to investigate the dependence of wave propagation characteristics on the osteoporosis severity, expressed as a change of dielectric permittivity of the wrist bone, which may be useful for osteoporosis diagnostic. Results of the full wave wrist model simulations with different degrees of the osteoporosis severity are presented and discussed.