Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A METAHEURISTIC APPROACH FOR GENERALIZED CELL FORMATION WITH RATIO-LEVEL DATA

Cellular layout is a well-known solution method to the layout problems in modern batch type production industries. In Cellular manufacturing system (CMS), machines and parts are grouped together based on manufacturing similarities. Generally, zero-one machine-part incidence matrix (MPIM) obtained from the route sheet information is used to form machine cells. The major demerit with such approaches is that real life production factors cannot be accounted for. In an attempt to address generalized cell formation problem, this study considers operational time of the parts processed on each machine. An efficient algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) is suggested to form machine cells with the combined objective of minimizing total cell load variation and exceptional elements when workload matrix is presented as input. A new grouping efficiency measure called Modified Grouping Efficiency (MGE) is proposed to evaluate the performance of GA. The proposed algorithm is tested with varied sizes of problems from open literature.
A charge sampling baseband filter using a new high linearity Gm for multimode receiver

This paper presents charge sampling circuit using new high linearity transconductor (Gm) cell that has third order distortion cancellation. The proposed Gm-cell has almost constant transconductance value over ±200mV input voltage range. The charge sampling circuit has SNDR around 73 dB with ENOB of 11bits and it consumes 4.38mW power. Its input referred noise is 15.29nV/√Hz and noise figure is 24.67dB at 81MHz. This architecture is used to implement a programmable analog baseband filter for Bluetooth and UMTS. Simulations were carried out using the TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS technology with supply voltage of 1.6V.
Parity and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

Background Previous epidemiologic studies have reported inconsistent results between parity and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. To our knowledge, a comprehensive and quantitative assessment of this association has not been conducted. Methods Relevant published studies of parity and PC were identified using MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science databases until November 2013. Two authors (H-BG and LW) independently assessed eligibility and extracted data. Eleven prospective and 11 case-control studies reported relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PC associated with parity. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to estimate the summary RR depending on the heterogeneity of effects. Results The summary RR for PC comparing the highest versus lowest parity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.73–1.02; Q = 50.49, P<0.001, I 2 = 58.4%). Significant inverse associations were also observed in the studies that adjusted for cigarette smoking (RR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.68–0.98), Type 2 diabetes mellitus (RR = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.75–0.93), and those that included all confounders or important risk factors (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.76–0.96). Additionally, in the dose-response analysis, the summary RR for per one live birth was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94–1.01; Q = 62.83, P<0.001, I 2 = 69.8%), which also indicated a borderline statistically significant inverse effect of parity on PC risk. No evidence of publication bias and significant heterogeneity between subgroups were detected by meta-regression analyses. Conclusion In summary, these findings suggest that higher parity is associated with a decreased risk of PC. Future large consortia or pooled studies are warranted to fully adjust for potential confounders to confirm this association.
Clinical Correlates of Apathy in Patients Recently Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease: The ANIMO Study

Objective: Little is known about apathy in the early stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We determined the clinical correlates of apathy in a large representative sample of patients recently diagnosed with PD (ANIMO study). Methods: PD patients, diagnosed within 2 years of inclusion, were recruited in 102 outpatient clinics situated in 82 populations throughout Spain. Apathy was quantified using the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS). Clinical comparisons and correlations were performed using nonparametric tests. Regression analyses were used to test the association of clinical variables with apathy. Results: We recruited 557 PD patients (60.3% men) with a mean age of 68.8 ± 9.7 years, and UPDRS motor score of 21.1 ± 10.8. Apathy only was diagnosed in 186 (33.4%), and apathy and depression in 215 patients (38.6%). Patients with higher comorbidity (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.20, p = 0.001), motor impairment (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.03–1.10, p < 0.0001), and lower education (OR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.21–3.85, p = 0.009) had higher odds of having apathy, in contrast to patients living in a rural environment (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.32–0.85, p = 0.01), and left predominant PD motor laterality (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.13–0.88, p = 0.01). LARS scores were significantly correlated with UPDRS motor scores (rs = 0.44, p < 0.001), predominantly with axial score (rs = 0.43, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In PD, apathy is a very common and disabling nonmotor symptom separable from depression. Patients living in a rural environment, with lower comorbidity and motor impairment, higher education background, and left predominant PD motor laterality are at lower risk of suffering from apathy.
High Resolution Compressed Sensing Radar Using Difference Set Codes

In this paper, we consider compressive sensing (CS)-based recovery of delays and Doppler frequencies of targets in high resolution radars. We propose a novel sub-Nyquist sampling method in the Fourier domain based on difference sets (DS), called DS-sampling, to create dictionaries with highly incoherent atoms. The coherence of the dictionary reaches the Welch minimum bound if the DS-sampling is employed. This property let us to implement sub-Nyquist high resolution radars with minimum number of samples.1 Two low-complexity recovery methods are developed and sufficient condition of target recovery with specific resolution obtained theoretically for noisy and noiseless conditions. We also propose a new waveform, called DS-frequency coded modulated waveform, to boost the recovery performance of the sub-Nyquist radar in noisy environments. The proposed method solves some of the common problems in many CS-based radars and overcome disadvantages of the conventional Nyquist processing (i.e., matched filtering) in high resolution radar systems. The proposed method allows us to design sub-Nyquist radars, which require less than $\text{2}{\%}$ of Nyquist samples and recover targets without resolution degradation in comparison to the conventional Nyquist processing.
A Novel Optimization Method to Improve De-duplication Storage System Performance

Data De-duplication has become a commodity component in data-intensive storage systems. But compared with other traditional storage paradigms, de-duplication system achieves elimination of data duplications or redundancies at the cost of bringing several additional layers or function components into the I/O path, and these additional components are either CPU-intensive or I/O intensive, largely hindering the overall system performance. Direct against the above potential system bottlenecks, this paper quantitatively analyzes the overhead of each main component introduced by de-duplication, and then proposes two performance optimization methods. The one is parallel calculation of content aware chunk identifiers, which fully utilizes the parallelism both inter and intra chunks by using a certain task partition and chunk content distribution algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that it can improve up to 150% of the system throughput, and at the same time much better utilize the multiprocessor resources. The other one is storage pipelining, which overlaps the CPU-bound, I/O-bound and network communication tasks. Through a dedicated five-stage storage pipeline design for file archival operations, experimental results show that the system throughput can increase up to 25% according to our workloads.
Influence of Cold Stress on the Preliminary Enrichment Time Needed for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Ground Beef by PCR

ABSTRACT The influence of cold stress at 4 and 0°C on the detection time as assessed by impedance technology (Bactometer; Biomérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) of different enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains was determined. Although there is some variation in susceptibility among EHEC strains, prolonged exposure of EHEC to cold stress, i.e., 4 and 5 days at 4 and 0°C, respectively, in general significantly increased their detection time. This reflects an increase of the lag-phase time caused by cold stress. Two EHEC strains were selected to determine the minimum preliminary enrichment time that would ensure a positive PCR detection of low numbers of verotoxin-producing E. coli(VTEC; 2 to 2 × 105 CFU/25 g) inoculated into ground beef (25 g) and stored at 4 or −20°C for 8 and 14 days, respectively. Incubation times of 6 and 9 h of 1 to 10 CFU/g and 1 to 10 CFU/25 g, respectively, were sufficient for PCR detection of VTEC in ground beef when analysis was performed immediately after inoculation (no cold stress). When cells are exposed to cold stress (4 or −20°C) a 24-h enrichment period is recommended. Restriction of enrichment time to 9 h under these circumstances decreases the sensitivity of PCR detection to 80 CFU/g. Hence, to obtain maximum sensitivity, PCR detection of VTEC in naturally contaminated ground beef should be performed after 24 h of enrichment.
N,N-Dimethyl-3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanaminium chloride

In the title molecular salt, C9H14NOS+·Cl−, the crystal packing is stabilized by weak intermolecular N—H⋯Cl, C—H⋯Cl and C—H⋯π interactions, which lead to the formation of a two-dimensional supramolecular layer which stacks along the b axis.
Summarizing World Speak : A Preliminary Graph Based Approach

Social media platforms play a crucial role in piecing together global news stories via their corresponding online discussions. Thus, in this work, we introduce the problem of automatically summarizing massively multilingual microblog text streams. We discuss the challenges involved in both generating summaries as well as evaluating them. We introduce a simple word graph based approach that utilizes node neighborhoods to identify keyphrases and thus in turn, pick summary candidates. We also demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in generating precise summaries as compared to other popular techniques.
Using an SMT solver for interactive requirements prioritization

The prioritization of requirements is a crucial activity in the early phases of the software development process. It consists of finding an order relation among requirements, considering several requirements characteristics, such as stakeholder preferences, technical constraints, implementation costs and user perceived value. We propose an interactive approach to the problem of prioritization based on Satisfiability Modulo Theory (SMT) techniques and pairwise comparisons. Our approach resorts to interactive knowledge acquisition whenever the relative priority among requirements cannot be determined based on the available information. Synthesis of the final ranking is obtained via SMT constraint solving. The approach has been evaluated on a set of requirements from a real healthcare project. Results show that it overcomes other interactive state-of-the-art prioritization approaches in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and robustness to decision maker errors.
Control system design for a gas turbine engine using evolutionary computing for multidisciplinary optimization

Multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) is concerned with complex systems exhibiting challenges in terms of organization and scale. Thus, it is well suited to be applied to complex multivariable control design. Collaborative optimization is one approach for dealing with complex multidisciplinary optimization problems. Three MDO architectures, including collaborative optimization, are applied to control system design for a gas turbine engine, in order to improve the design search process by exploring possible solutions with parallel, but independent search strands. The optimization is carried out through a multiobjective genetic algorithm framework.
Amplitude modulation of the nightly melatonin rise in the neonatal lamb and the subsequent timing of puberty.

Spring-born female lambs require a decrease in day length for the normal timing of puberty the following autumn. If this decrease occurs early in postnatal life (i.e. 0-10 weeks), puberty is delayed. This study tested the hypothesis that failure of the neonatal lamb to respond to the critical long-day to short-day signal is due to inadequate nocturnal melatonin secretion. The approach was to artificially increase, to adult levels, the low nighttime rises of melatonin during the early postnatal period. Eight female lambs served as controls; they were raised on short days until 17 wk of age, and then exposed to 5 wk of long days, after which they were returned to short days. This alternating sequence of photoperiods during mid-development would be expected to induce normal puberty. Sixteen experimental females were exposed to the critical block of long days much earlier; they were placed in long days between 2 and 7 wk of age and in short days thereafter. Half (n = 8) received no further treatment. The other half (n = 8) were infused nightly with melatonin during the 8-h dark phase of the 5-wk, long-day photoperiod. This increased the amplitude of the natural nighttime melatonin rises 3- to 4-fold, well into the adult range. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Evolution and Molecular Control of Hybrid Incompatibility in Plants

Postzygotic reproductive isolation (RI) plays an important role in speciation. According to the stage at which it functions and the symptoms it displays, postzygotic RI can be called hybrid inviability, hybrid weakness or necrosis, hybrid sterility, or hybrid breakdown. In this review, we summarized new findings about hybrid incompatibilities in plants, most of which are from studies on Arabidopsis and rice. Recent progress suggests that hybrid incompatibility is a by-product of co-evolution either with “parasitic” selfish elements in the genome or with invasive microbes in the natural environment. We discuss the environmental influences on the expression of hybrid incompatibility and the possible effects of environment-dependent hybrid incompatibility on sympatric speciation. We also discuss the role of domestication on the evolution of hybrid incompatibilities.
Relations between belief propagation on erasure and symmetric channels

An upper bound on the performance of the belief propagation algorithm in decoding a code over a binary-input output-symmetric channel in terms of the decoding threshold of the code over the erasure channel is presented in this paper. Using this upper bound, we obtain the overhead of fountain codes on the erasure channel, provided that they are capacity-achieving on a symmetric channel. The upper bound is similar to a lower bound proved by Khandekar. The lower bound will be used to bound from above the reception overhead of fountain codes on symmetric channels.
Secrecy outage analysis and power allocation for decode-and-forward relay systems

The decode-and-forward multi-relay system with the presence of an eavesdropper is researched in this study. Two widely used transmission schemes are considered, namely, the best-relay selection scheme and the all-relay-based beamforming scheme. To be specific, the former scheme adopts only the single best relay among all the candidate relays that have succeeded in decoding the source signal to assist the transmission, whereas the all-relay-based beamforming scheme allows all the candidates to assist the source simultaneously in a beamforming manner. The authors reveal that in both schemes, if the total transmit power of the two hops is constrained, contradiction exists between the two means of improving physical-layer security: (i) letting more relays succeed in decoding the source signal; (ii) increasing the transmit power of the selected relay(s). The authors thus analyse the secrecy outage behaviour of the two schemes and derive expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP), based on which, the optimal power allocation solutions are obtained. It is demonstrated that in both schemes, the analysis results match well with the simulation results. Moreover, the proposed power allocation solutions surpass the conventional average power solution in SOP in both schemes.
Ghrelin triggers the synaptic incorporation of AMPA receptors in the hippocampus

Significance Ghrelin is a peptide released from the empty stomach into circulation, and which acts on the brain to promote appetite. Recent studies showed that ghrelin also affects cognition, but the mechanism for this effect is unknown. We show that activation of ghrelin receptors in the hippocampus enhances synaptic signaling by glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Ghrelin promotes the synaptic accumulation of glutamate receptors of the AMPA subtype, and increases long-term potentiation, one form of synaptic plasticity that is thought to underlie learning and memory. These molecular effects of ghrelin in the hippocampus may contribute to the cognition-enhancing role of ghrelin. Ghrelin is a peptide mainly produced by the stomach and released into circulation, affecting energy balance and growth hormone release. These effects are guided largely by the expression of the ghrelin receptor growth hormone secretagogue type 1a (GHS-R1a) in the hypothalamus and pituitary. However, GHS-R1a is expressed in other brain regions, including the hippocampus, where its activation enhances memory retention. Herein we explore the molecular mechanism underlying the action of ghrelin on hippocampal-dependent memory. Our data show that GHS-R1a is localized in the vicinity of hippocampal excitatory synapses, and that its activation increases delivery of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic-type receptors (AMPARs) to synapses, producing functional modifications at excitatory synapses. Moreover, GHS-R1a activation enhances two different paradigms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and increases GluA1 AMPAR subunit and stargazin phosphorylation. We propose that GHS-R1a activation in the hippocampus enhances excitatory synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity by regulating AMPAR trafficking. Our study provides insights into mechanisms that may mediate the cognition-enhancing effect of ghrelin, and suggests a possible link between the regulation of energy metabolism and learning.
Overview of the TREC 2007 Blog Track

The goal of the Blog track is to explore the information seeking behaviour in the blogosphere. It aims to create the required infrastructure to facilitate research into the blogosphere and to study retrieval from blogs and other related applied tasks. The track was introduced in 2006 with a main opinion finding task and an open task, which allowed participants the opportunity to influence the determination of a suitable second task for 2007 on other aspects of blogs besides their opinionated nature. As a result, we have created the first blog test collection, namely the TREC Blog06 collection, for adhoc retrieval and opinion finding. Further background information on the Blog track can be found in the 2006 track overview [2]. TREC 2007 has continued using the Blog06 collection, and saw the addition of a new main task and a new subtask, namely a blog distillation (feed search) task and an opinion polarity subtask respectively, along with a second year of the opinion finding task. NIST developed the topics and relevance judgments for the opinion finding task, and its polarity subtask. For the blog distillation task, the participating groups created the topics and the associated relevance judgments. This second year of the track has seen an increased participation compared to 2006, with 20 groups submitting runs to the opinion finding task, 11 groups submitting runs to the polarity subtask, and 9 groups submitting runs to the blog distillation task. This paper provides an overview of each task, summarises the obtained results and draws conclusions for the future. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows. Section 2 provides a short description of the used Blog06 collection. Section 3 describes the opinion finding task and its polarity subtask, providing an overview of the submitted runs, as well as a summary of the main used techniques by the participants. Section 4 describes the newly created blog distillation (feed search) task, and summarises the results of the runs and the main approaches deployed by the participating groups. We provide concluding remarks in Section 5.
Sequential breakdown of 3-phosphorylated phosphoinositides is essential for the completion of macropinocytosis

Significance Macropinocytosis is a form of endocytosis that is accompanied by ruffling of plasma membrane and participates in a diverse range of pathophysiological processes, such as antigen uptake by immune cells and tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is poorly understood. By exploiting the studies of fluid-phase endocytosis in Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that dephosphorylation of phosphoinositide PI(3)P is essential for macropinocytosis in mammalian cells. We also found that the sequential dephosphorylation of PI(3,4,5)P3 → PI(3,4)P2 → PI(3)P → PI at membrane ruffles is required for macropinocytosis. Identification of phosphoinositide phosphatases in the dephosphorylation cascade and a PI(3)P-sensitive K+ channel as essential factors for macropinocytosis may provide the way to selectively control macropinocytosis among various endocytic pathways. Macropinocytosis is a highly conserved endocytic process by which extracellular fluid and solutes are internalized into cells. Macropinocytosis starts with the formation of membrane ruffles at the plasma membrane and ends with their closure. The transient and sequential emergence of phosphoinositides PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(3,4)P2 in the membrane ruffles is essential for macropinocytosis. By making use of information in the Caenorhabditis elegans mutants defective in fluid-phase endocytosis, we found that mammalian phosphoinositide phosphatase MTMR6 that dephosphorylates PI(3)P to PI, and its binding partner MTMR9, are required for macropinocytosis. INPP4B, which dephosphorylates PI(3,4)P2 to PI(3)P, was also found to be essential for macropinocytosis. These phosphatases operate after the formation of membrane ruffles to complete macropinocytosis. Finally, we showed that KCa3.1, a Ca2+-activated K+ channel that is activated by PI(3)P, is required for macropinocytosis. We propose that the sequential breakdown of PI(3,4,5)P3 → PI(3,4)P2 → PI(3)P → PI controls macropinocytosis through specific effectors of the intermediate phosphoinositides.