Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approach to the treatment of primary anterior shoulder dislocation: A review

Abstract Glenohumeral joint dislocation is common among younger, active patients. Anterior dislocation is the most common direction of instability following a traumatic event. Due to a high rate of recurrence following primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation, an evidence-based approach is necessary to determine the best treatment regime for a patient presenting with this problem. A history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging can help guide treatment recommendations by determining the extent of soft tissue damage following dislocation. Controversies in the treatment of the first-time dislocator include the length and position of immobilization following dislocation, and the role of initial surgical stabilization. This article outlines the treatment options for the first-time glenohumeral dislocator, with an emphasis on the available evidence in the literature. Where applicable, the criteria known as the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy were used to summarize the strength of evidence available for recommendations.
How to understand atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of RNA and protein–RNA complexes?

We provide a critical assessment of explicit‐solvent atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of RNA and protein/RNA complexes, written primarily for non‐specialists with an emphasis to explain the limitations of MD. MD simulations can be likened to hypothetical single‐molecule experiments starting from single atomistic conformations and investigating genuine thermal sampling of the biomolecules. The main advantage of MD is the unlimited temporal and spatial resolution of positions of all atoms in the simulated systems. Fundamental limitations are the short physical time‐scale of simulations, which can be partially alleviated by enhanced‐sampling techniques, and the highly approximate atomistic force fields describing the simulated molecules. The applicability and present limitations of MD are demonstrated on studies of tetranucleotides, tetraloops, ribozymes, riboswitches and protein/RNA complexes. Wisely applied simulations respecting the approximations of the model can successfully complement structural and biochemical experiments. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1405. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1405
REACHING A TARGET WITHIN A GPS-DENIED OR COSTLY AREA: A TWO-STAGE OPTIMAL CONTROL APPROACH

Title of thesis: REACHING A TARGET WITHIN A GPS-DENIED OR COSTLY AREA: A TWO-STAGE OPTIMAL CONTROL APPROACH Sheng Cheng Master of Science, 2018 Thesis directed by: Professor Nuno C. Martins Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering In this thesis, a new class of problem is studied where a mobile agent is controlled to reach a target. Especially, the target is enclosed within a special area. The presence of this area requires a controller to have two stages: the outer stage steers the mobile agent to enter such area while the inner stage steers the mobile agent towards the target. We consider two types of the special area: a time-costly area and a GPS-denied area. For the time-costly area, we formulate a two-stage optimal control problem where time is explicitly specified in the cost function. We solve the problem by solving its subproblems. The key subproblem is a nonconvex quadratic programming with two quadratic constraints (QC2QP). We study the QC2QP independently and prove the necessary and sufficient conditions for strong duality in a general QC2QP. Such conditions enable efficient solution methods for a QC2QP utilizing its dual and semidefinite relaxation. For the GPS-denied area, we formulate another two-stage optimal control problem where perturbation is considered. To deal with the perturbation, we propose a robust controller using the variable horizon model predictive control. The performance of the two-stage controller for each type of the special area is demonstrated in simulations. We construct and implement a two-stage controller that can steer a quadrotor to reach a target enclosed within a denied area. Such controller utilizes the formulation and solution methods in the theoretical study. We show experimental results where the controller can run in real-time using off-the-shelf fast optimization solvers. We also conduct a bat experiment to learn bat’s strategy for target reaching inside a denied area. REACHING A TARGET WITHIN A GPS-DENIED OR COSTLY AREA: A TWO-STAGE OPTIMAL CONTROL APPROACH
Serum Gamma-glutamyltransferase Levels Predict the Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) may be more predictive of future coronary heart disease events than a baseline CAC score. We determined whether serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity can independently predict the progression of CAC in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients (n = 326) without symptomatic cardiovascular (CV) disease were evaluated by CAC imaging. The CAC scores were assessed at baseline and after 20 ± 4 months. Serum GGT activities were significantly higher in progressors compared with nonprogressors (39 ± 16 vs 27 ± 11 U/L, P < .001). Multivariable analyses demonstrated that GGT activity retained a strong association with CAC progression after adjustment for CV risk factors. Additionally, there was a graded association between GGT activity quartile and annualized CAC progression. In asymptomatic patients with T2DM, we prospectively found that serum GGT activity may be an independent predictor of CAC progression but not a predictor of CAC incidence.
Medical Image Segmentation UsingMagnetostatic Active Contours (MAC)with Tensor Diffusion

In medical imagery, traditional deformable models often face substantial challenges due to fine structures and image complexity. Recently, based on magnetostatic theory, a new deformable model, namely MAC, is proposed for improving the ability of the active contour in dealing with complex geometries and segmentation difficulties. A Laplacian diffusion scheme is proposed in the MAC model to tackle excessive image noise which can interrupt image gradient vectors and in turn affect the external force field. In this paper, a derived vector potential field (VPF) is employed to obtain magnetic force and thus a diffusion tensor can be applied to diffuse VPF in terms of both magnitude and directional information, instead of directly diffusing the magnetic field as in the MAC model. Our diffusion is carried out both in spatial and temporal aspects of VPF so that the performance of the deformable model is significantly improved while images are with low signal-noise ratio (SNR) and poor contrast. In addition, the proposed diffusion enhancement can lead to evolving the curve smoothly and thus level set evolution is adapted to approach genuine object of interest. By applying in several medical image modalities, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Does the perception of incongruence hurt more? Customers’ responses to CSR crises affecting the main reputation dimension of a company

ABSTRACT Corporate social responsibility (CSR) generates benefits for companies and society. However, CSR exposes a company to potential damage when a critical event, such as a crisis, disconfirms the CSR of a corporate reputation. The present article introduces to the crisis management literature the notion of consumer-perceived incongruence (CPI) between corporate reputation and crises. Our first experimental study demonstrates that a high CPI – compared to a low CPI – worsens consumer responses in terms of attitude towards the corporation (ATC), word of mouth (WOM) and purchase intention (PI). The second study shows that these effects are mediated by the perception of a state of discomfort on the part of the consumer. The third study suggests that, in cases of high CPI, the corporate crisis response strategy of apology outperforms that of compensation in reducing the negative effects of discomfort on consumer responses. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
A Mixed Bag: The Hidden Time Costs of Regulating Consumer Behavior

The nonmonetary costs consumers experience from regulations are challenging to quantify and, thus, easily overlooked. Using quasi-experimental policy variation and high-frequency supermarket data, this paper identifies previously hidden time costs from policies that ban or tax the use of disposable carryout bags. Bag policies disrupt checkout procedures, causing a 3% increase in supermarket checkout duration. Given the capacity-constrained queueing system of supermarket checkout, the slowdown of individual customers compounds into congestion larger than the individual slowdown during peak shopping hours. These hassle costs do not disappear over time and, instead, persist at least 2 years after policy implementation. Customers are also sensitive to these costs—with a 1-minute increase in average checkout duration leading to a 1.2% drop in the likelihood customers return to the store in subsequent weeks. The results show that ignoring time costs, as well as institutional constraints, overstates the welfare gains from policy-induced behavioral change.
Economies of scope and home healthcare.

The recently published article by Gonzales (1997) in HSR asserts that there is empirical evidence in support of the existence of economies of scope in home healthcare. This conclusion differs markedly from that found in an earlier study that concluded that neither economies of scale nor economies of scope are substantial in the provision of home health services. These differences in results have major implications for Medicare home health policy and should be resolved.
Concurrent Validity of the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence in Parkinson's Disease Patients

Abstract The Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI-2; L. Brown, R. J. Sherbenou, & S. Johnsen, 1990) and Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices (RCPM; J. C. Raven, 1965) are defined as language-free measures of cognitive ability. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relation between the RCPM and the TONI-2 for samples of patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 75) and controls (n = 47). A regression equation was computed to evaluate the relation of the RCPM scores to the TONI-2 quotient. Regression equation results indicate that there is a significant overlapping linear variance between the two measures in both patients and controls.
Enhancing Young Children’s Access to Early Childhood Education and Care Settings in Tanzania

Indeed, this study was inspired by the current situation of limited access of young children to early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings in Tanzania. Parents/guardians and community at large have negative attitude in regard to early investment, they perceive investing in ECEC like a waste of money [1]. In this regard, their complains include the notion that children who have access to the ECEC centre just go there to take porridge, sing and play and their parents pay for these. They argue that at that early age parents and the community should serve as the teachers of ECEC children, until the children grow to the primary school age. Abstract
Trade linkages and skill demand: Empirical evidence for the Malaysian electrical and electronics industries

This article empirically investigates whether trade linkages have any contribution to skill upgrading in the Malaysian electrical and electronics (E&E) firms by using establishment level data. The richness of data provided by Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) enable us to explore the direct impact of each aspect of trade linkages, including exports of goods, imported inputs (outsourcing), and foreign ownership (FDI). More crucially, this research analyse the effects of the modern trade pattern, i.e. vertical trade which would best capture the current trend in the Malaysian E&E sector – high overlap in exports and imported inputs. The skill demand is analysed using dynamic skill share demand equation and GMM (generalised method of moments) estimator addresses both the endogeneity and firm fixed effect. Contrary to previous studies, results suggest that export and outsourcing do not significantly contribute to skill upgrading in Malaysian E&E establishments within the period under study. Plus, vertical trade and foreign share have significant negative impact on relative demand for skilled workers. These findings provide evidence that vertical trade as well as the presence of multinational corporations (MNCs) are associated with skill downgrading in Malaysian E&E sector. Empirical evidence does not uphold the conventional wisdom of the beneficial effects of trade especially ultra-vertical or export processing trade on skill upgrading.
Introduction to Random-Matrix Theory

Random-matrix theory gained attention during the 1950s due to work by Eugene Wigner in mathematical physics. Specifically, Wigner wished to describe the general properties of the energy levels (or of their spacings) of highly excited states of heavy nuclei as measured in nuclear reactions (Wigner, 1957). Such a complex nuclear system is represented by an Hermitian operator H (called the Hamiltonian) living in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space governed by physical laws. Unfortunately, in any specific case, H is unknown. Moreover, even if it were known, it would be much too complicated to write down and, even if we could write it down, no computer would be able to solve its eigenequation Hv = λv (the so-called Schrödinger equation of the physical system), where λ and v are an eigenvalue-eigenvector pair corresponding to H.
An assessment of Integrated services from the Present and Past Shelter Users’ Perspectives: the case of Association for Women’s Sanctuary and Development (AWSAD) Shelter

This study assesses present and past AWSAD shelter users’ perspectives towards the medical, psychosocial, living arrangement, legal, child facility and reintegration services. The objectives of the study were attained through the use of a mixed research design. In the quantitative method, eighty participants were selected using convenience sampling technique. While, in the qualitative method, twenty-three participants were selected through the use of purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument comprised semi-structured interview questions, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and survey questionnaires. The findings have shown that the counseling services and skill-based trainings have contributed to the residents’ vitality by improving their self-efficacy, confidence and social skills. The main findings of the research revealed that shelter services have been essential for the residents’ rehabilitation as it enabled them to regain a self-determined and independent life. To improve the quality of shelter service for the betterment of survivors lives it was recommended to enhance reintegration services through providing income generating opportunities and social welfare
A Comparative Study of Silicon Drift Detectors With Photomultipliers, Avalanche Photodiodes and PIN Photodiodes in Gamma Spectrometry With LaBr$_{3}$ Crystals

The performance of a silicon drift detector (SDD) with an integrated FET, delivered by the company PNSensor, Munich, Germany, was studied in gamma spectrometry at room temperature (23-25degC) with a LaBr3:Ce crystal of 6 mm diameter and 6 mm height. The SDD characteristics were compared with those measured with a Photonis XP5212 photomultiplier, a Large Area Avalanche Photodiode (LAAPD) of Advanced Photonix, Inc., and a Hamamatsu S3590-18 Photodiode (PD). Energy resolution versus gamma ray energies and its components related to the photoelectron/electron-hole pair statistics and dark noise were measured and compared. At low energies, below 100 keV, the light readout by the photomultiplier gives the best results, while for high energies, above 300 keV, the light readout by the SDD delivers superior energy resolution. In particular, the best energy resolution of 2.7% was determined for 662 keV gamma rays from a 137Cs source.
User-centric Composable Services: A New Generation of Personal Data Analytics

Machine Learning (ML) techniques, such as Neural Network, are widely used in today's applications. However, there is still a big gap between the current ML systems and users' requirements. ML systems focus on improving the performance of models in training, while individual users cares more about response time and expressiveness of the tool. Many existing research and product begin to move computation towards edge devices. Based on the numerical computing system Owl, we propose to build the Zoo system to support construction, compose, and deployment of ML models on edge and local devices.
Mutations in the von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL) gene refine differential diagnostic criteria in renal cell carcinoma

Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) with abundant granular cytoplasm include oncocytomas, eosinophillic variants of chromophobe RCC, papillary RCC, collecting duct carcinoma, and some conventional (clear cell) RCC. Tumors with predominantly clear cell cytoplasm include typical chromophobe RCC and conventional (clear cell) RCC. The objective of this study was to determine if mutations in the VHL gene can serve as auxiliary diagnostic criteria in refining histology based subtyping of renal epithelial neoplasia.
Characterization of a chemical anoxia model in cerebellar granule neurons using sodium azide: Protection by nifedipine and MK‐801

Induction of chemical anoxia, using sodium azide in cerebellar granule cells maintained in primary culture, was evaluated as an in vitro assay for screening of potential neuroprotective compounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sodium azide as an alternative to cyanide salts, compounds which, despite their unfavorable characteristics, are often used in assays for chemical anoxia. The viability of neuronal cultures after treatment with azide, with or without preincubation with calcium channel blockers, tetrodotoxin (TTX), or glutamate receptor antagonists, was monitored by subsequent incubation with the tetrazolium dye MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide), followed by isopropanol extraction and spectrophotometric quantification of cellularly reduced MTT. The azide‐induced degeneration of neurons was shown to be dependent on the concentration as well as on the duration of incubation with submaximal concentrations of azide. Incubation of the neurons with nifedipine, a blocker of L‐type voltage‐sensitive calcium channels (L‐VSCC), or with the noncompetitive N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) subtype glutamate receptor antagonist MK‐801, prior to addition of submaximal concentrations of azide, significantly attenuated azide‐induced neuronal death. Blockers of N‐type and Q‐type VSCC (o‐conotoxin MVIIA and MVIIC, respectively) and the P‐type VSCC blocker o‐agatoxin IVA had no effect in this assay. The sodium channel blocker TTX was without effect when added to neurons under depolarizing conditions, but potently and effectively protected cells when experiments were performed in a nondepolarizing buffer. The results show that chemical anoxia induced by incubation of cultured neurons with azide leads to detrimental effects, which may be quantitatively monitored by the capability of the cells to reduce MTT. This procedure is a suitable method for screening of compounds for possible protective effects against neuronal death induced by energy depletion. In addition, the results suggest involvement of L‐type VSCC as well as of glutamate receptors in the pathways leading to neuronal degradation induced by energy depletion in cerebellar granule neurons. This would further support the notion that these pathways might be important in neurodegeneration induced by cerebral ischemia or anoxia. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The reliability of life event reports in a community survey

SYNOPSIS There is considerable evidence from inter-respondent and test–retest studies that the data obtained in structured life event inventories are not very reliable. Inter-respondent reliability estimates are presented in this paper for the life event reports obtained in a community survey that was designed to facilitate recall of life events. It is documented that respondents were able to recall many sorts of severe negative events with adequate reliability over a twelve-month recall period. Data are also presented to show that respondents could date event occurrence with good consistency. Sensitive events, such as involvement in criminal activities and difficulties in marriage, were not reliably reported. These results suggest that the problems of faulty memory and conceptual confusion about serious events can be overcome with careful question wording and administration procedures, but that the problem of respondent reticence about reporting sensitive events remains unresolved.
Penerapan Sistem Jaminan Halal Pada UKM Bidang Olahan Pangan Hewani

Halal merupakan syarat utama bagi konsumen muslim dalam mengkonsumsi produk pangan. Sistem jaminan halal merupakan mekanisme yang harus diterapkan oleh produsen jika mereka ingin mengajukan sertifikasi halal ke LPPOM MUI (Lembaga Pengkajian Pangan Obat, dan Kosmetik Majelis Ulama Indonesia). Permasalahan yang dialami oleh usaha kecil menengah saat ini di Kabupaten Ponorogo adalah belum ada sertifikasi halal dari LPPOM MUI pada RPA (Rumah Pemotongan Ayam) dan sebagian besar UKM di Kabupaten Ponorogo. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan jumlah UKM bidang pangan di Kabupaten Ponorogo yang bersertifikat halal melalui pendampingan penerapan Sistem Jaminan Halal. Mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Asese Food dan Pentol Bakso “Bumbu Kacang”. Asese Food merupakan rumah produksi yang menjual produk diantaranya adalah abon sapi, bakso, bakso krispi, tahu bakso, dan pempek. Mitra kedua yaitu pentol bakso “saos kacang”. Pentol bakso “Saos Kacang” merupakan unit usaha yang memproduksi pentol bakso yang dijual dalam bentuk outlet. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini terdiri dari dua tujuan antara lain pendampingan dan sosialisasi penerapan Sistem Jaminan Halal dan pendampingan pengajuan dokumen sertifikasi halal ke LPPOM MUI Jawa Timur. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah kesadaran dari unit usaha mitra untuk menerapkan sistem jaminan halal pada usahanya dan terdaftarnya unit usaha dalam proses sertifikasi halal ke LPPOM MUI. Saran terhadap keberlanjutan program adalah adanya sosialisasi secara menyeluruh terhadap asosiasi pedagang ataupun produsen produk pangan mengenai pentingnya sertifikasi halal dan adanya kerjasama antara akademisi dengan lembaga sertifikasi halal terkait kepengurusan sertifikat halal.
Government-led rural Infrastructure PPP Project Risk Allocation

The rural infrastructure PPP project can alleviate the government's financial pressure on rural infrastructure construction to a certain extent, and the reasonable allocation of PPP project risks is a key for the progress of the PPP project. This paper based on the principle of government priority bidding, uses the bargaining game theory to establish a bargaining model for risk allocation of PPP projects under incomplete information, and calculates the risk allocation ratio between government and private sector by calculating the Nash equilibrium. Finally, the beautiful villages PPP project in the Shangyu district is taken as an example to provide a reasonable plan for determining the proportion of risk allocation. Keywords—Rural infrastructure; PPP project; risk allocation; government sector; private sector