Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gerinnungsmanagement bei traumatisch bedingter Massivblutung – Empfehlungen der Arbeitsgruppe für perioperative Gerinnung der ÖGARI

Even nowadays and at specialized centers, one of the leading causes of death is exsanguination. Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) occuring with massive blood loss primarily results from loss of coagualtion factors and platelets and is aggravated by hemodilution. In addition, hyperfibrinolysis, hypothermia, acidosis and hypocalcaemia also contribute to the development of severe haemostatic derangement. During the past few years new insights into the pathophysiology of TIC and the widespread use of viscoelastic coagulation monitoring provoked the development of alternative treatment concepts. As for the previously recommended standard therapy using fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrates also for alternative strategies no data from large prospective randomized studies are available until now, however, the evidence is growing favoring the use of coagulation factor concentrates guided by viscoelastic measurements.
Online mixture and connection of basic motions for humanoid walking control by footprint specification

This paper introduces and describes a novel method which enables the online generation of humanoid walking patterns that follow desired footprint locations. Online generation is realized by the dynamically stable mixture and connection of pre-designed motions. Characteristics of zero moment point (ZMP) are utilized in order to maintain the overall dynamic stability of "mixed" motions. Experiments using an online pattern generation software system and online walking control joystick interface for the humanoid robot H6 are introduced to show the validity of the method.
User-defined Redundancy in Web Archives

Web archives are valuable resources. However, they are characterized by a high degree of redundancy. Not only does this redundancy waste computing resources, but it also deteriorates users’ experience, since they have to sift through and weed out redundant content. Existing methods focus on identifying near-duplicate documents, assuming a universal notion of redundancy, and can thus not adapt to userspecific requirements such as a preference for more recent or diversely opinionated content. In this work, we propose an approach that equips users with fine-grained control over what they consider redundant. Users thus specify a binary coverage relation between documents that can factor in documents’ contents as well as their meta data. Our approach then determines a minimumcardinality cover set of non-redundant documents. We describe how this can be done at scale using MapReduce as a platform for distributed data processing. Our prototype implementation has been deployed on a real-world web archive and we report experiences from this case study.
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition Limits Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption following Intracerebral Injection of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in the Rat

Increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is important in neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation is associated with increased BBB breakdown and brain injury. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is involved in BBB injury and edema formation through a mechanism involving matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) up-regulation. There is emerging evidence indicating that cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition limits BBB disruption following ischemic stroke and bacterial meningitis, but the mechanisms involved are not known. We used intracerebral injection of TNF-α to study the effect of COX inhibition on TNF-α-induced BBB breakdown, MMP expression/activity, and oxidative stress. BBB disruption was evaluated by the uptake of 14C-sucrose into the brain and by magnetic resonance imaging utilizing gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid as a paramagnetic contrast agent. Using selective inhibitors of each COX isoform, we found that COX-1 activity is more important than COX-2 in BBB opening. TNF-α induced a significant up-regulation of gelatinase B (MMP-9), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), and COX-2. In addition, TNF-α significantly depleted glutathione as compared with saline. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg i.p.), an inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2, reduced BBB damage at 24 h. Indomethacin significantly attenuated MMP-9 and MMP-3 expression and activation and prevented the loss of endogenous radical scavenging capacity following intracerebral injection of TNF-α. Our results show for the first time that BBB disruption during neuroinflammation can be significantly reduced by administration of COX inhibitors. Modulation of COX in brain injury by COX inhibitors or agents modulating prostaglandin E2 formation/signaling may be useful in clinical settings associated with BBB disruption.
An optimal control framework for dynamic induction control of wind farms and their interaction with the atmospheric boundary layer

Complex turbine wake interactions play an important role in overall energy extraction in large wind farms. Current control strategies optimize individual turbine power, and lead to significant energy losses in wind farms compared with lone-standing wind turbines. In recent work, an optimal coordinated control framework was introduced (Goit & Meyers 2015 J. Fluid Mech. 768, 5–50 (doi:10.1017/jfm.2015.70)). Here, we further elaborate on this framework, quantify the influence of optimization parameters and introduce new simulation results for which gains in power production of up to 21% are observed. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Wind energy in complex terrains’.
Water Balance in the Murray-Darling Basin and the recent drought as modelled with WRF

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) modelling system is developed as a collaborative partnership between the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the Forecast Systems Laboratory (FSL)), the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA), the Naval Research Laboratory, Oklahoma University, and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the USA as well as the wider research community. The version used in this study is the Advanced Research WRF (ARW) maintained at NCAR. WRF was run over the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB) from 1985 through 2007. The model used the following physics schemes: WRF Single Moment 5-class microphysics scheme; the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM) longwave radiation scheme; the Dudhia shortwave radiation scheme; Monin-Obukhov surface layer similarity; Noah land-surface scheme; the Yonsei University boundary layer scheme and the Kain-Fritsch cumulus physics scheme. The model simulation uses boundary conditions from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis with an outer 50km resolution nest and an inner 10km resolution nest that covers the whole MDB. Both nests used 30 vertical levels spaced closer together in the planetary boundary layer. The simulation is evaluated against gridded surface temperature and precipitation observations created as part of the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP). The WRF simulation is found to reproduce the climate of the MDB reasonably well. WRF was able to improve on the climate produced by the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis which provided the boundary conditions for the WRF simulation. Investigation of the time series of precipitation and soil moisture anomalies show that WRF is able to capture the recent drought in the MDB. While the overall time series captured the drought well the spatial patterns associated with the anomalies produced by WRF differed from those found in the AWAP dataset. Further work will investigate the reasons for these spatial differences as well as WRFs performance at shorter time scales.
Tissue-aware data integration approach for the inference of pathway interactions in metazoan organisms

MOTIVATION Leveraging the large compendium of genomic data to predict biomedical pathways and specific mechanisms of protein interactions genome-wide in metazoan organisms has been challenging. In contrast to unicellular organisms, biological and technical variation originating from diverse tissues and cell-lineages is often the largest source of variation in metazoan data compendia. Therefore, a new computational strategy accounting for the tissue heterogeneity in the functional genomic data is needed to accurately translate the vast amount of human genomic data into specific interaction-level hypotheses. RESULTS We developed an integrated, scalable strategy for inferring multiple human gene interaction types that takes advantage of data from diverse tissue and cell-lineage origins. Our approach specifically predicts both the presence of a functional association and also the most likely interaction type among human genes or its protein products on a whole-genome scale. We demonstrate that directly incorporating tissue contextual information improves the accuracy of our predictions, and further, that such genome-wide results can be used to significantly refine regulatory interactions from primary experimental datasets (e.g. ChIP-Seq, mass spectrometry). AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION An interactive website hosting all of our interaction predictions is publically available at http://pathwaynet.princeton. edu. Software was implemented using the open-source Sleipnir library, which is available for download at https://bitbucket.org/libsleipnir/libsleipnir.bitbucket.org. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A Combinatorial Approach to Detect Coevolved Amino Acid Networks in Protein Families of Variable Divergence

Communication between distant sites often defines the biological role of a protein: amino acid long-range interactions are as important in binding specificity, allosteric regulation and conformational change as residues directly contacting the substrate. The maintaining of functional and structural coupling of long-range interacting residues requires coevolution of these residues. Networks of interaction between coevolved residues can be reconstructed, and from the networks, one can possibly derive insights into functional mechanisms for the protein family. We propose a combinatorial method for mapping conserved networks of amino acid interactions in a protein which is based on the analysis of a set of aligned sequences, the associated distance tree and the combinatorics of its subtrees. The degree of coevolution of all pairs of coevolved residues is identified numerically, and networks are reconstructed with a dedicated clustering algorithm. The method drops the constraints on high sequence divergence limiting the range of applicability of the statistical approaches previously proposed. We apply the method to four protein families where we show an accurate detection of functional networks and the possibility to treat sets of protein sequences of variable divergence.
Retinoic Acid Activity in Undifferentiated Neural Progenitors Is Sufficient to Fulfill Its Role in Restricting Fgf8 Expression for Somitogenesis

Bipotent axial stem cells residing in the caudal epiblast during late gastrulation generate neuroectodermal and presomitic mesodermal progeny that coordinate somitogenesis with neural tube formation, but the mechanism that controls these two fates is not fully understood. Retinoic acid (RA) restricts the anterior extent of caudal fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) expression in both mesoderm and neural plate to control somitogenesis and neurogenesis, however it remains unclear where RA acts to control the spatial expression of caudal Fgf8. Here, we found that mouse Raldh2-/- embryos, lacking RA synthesis and displaying a consistent small somite defect, exhibited abnormal expression of key markers of axial stem cell progeny, with decreased Sox2+ and Sox1+ neuroectodermal progeny and increased Tbx6+ presomitic mesodermal progeny. The Raldh2-/- small somite defect was rescued by treatment with an FGF receptor antagonist. Rdh10 mutants, with a less severe RA synthesis defect, were found to exhibit a small somite defect and anterior expansion of caudal Fgf8 expression only for somites 1–6, with normal somite size and Fgf8 expression thereafter. Rdh10 mutants were found to lack RA activity during the early phase when somites are small, but at the 6-somite stage RA activity was detected in neural plate although not in presomitic mesoderm. Expression of a dominant-negative RA receptor in mesoderm eliminated RA activity in presomitic mesoderm but did not affect somitogenesis. Thus, RA activity in the neural plate is sufficient to prevent anterior expansion of caudal Fgf8 expression associated with a small somite defect. Our studies provide evidence that RA restriction of Fgf8 expression in undifferentiated neural progenitors stimulates neurogenesis while also restricting the anterior extent of the mesodermal Fgf8 mRNA gradient that controls somite size, providing new insight into the mechanism that coordinates somitogenesis with neurogenesis.
Some functional properties of composite material based on scrap tires

The utilization of scrap tires still obtains a remarkable importance from the aspect of unloading the environment from non-degradable waste [1]. One of the most prospective ways for scrap tires reuse is a production of composite materials [2] This research must be considered as a continuation of previous investigations [3, 4]. It is devoted to the clarification of some functional properties, which are considered important for the view of practical applications, of the composite material. Some functional properties of the material were investigated, for instance, the compressive stress at different extent of deformation of sample (till 67% of initial thickness) (LVS EN 826) [5] and the resistance to UV radiation (modified method based on LVS EN 14836) [6]. Experiments were realized on the purposefully selected samples. The results were evaluated in the correlation with potential changes of Shore C hardness (Shore scale, ISO 7619-1, ISO 868) [7, 8]. The results showed noticeable resistance of the composite material against the mechanical influence and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The correlation with the composition of the material, activity of binder, definite technological parameters, and the conditions supported during the production, were determined. It was estimated that selected properties and characteristics of the material are strongly dependent from the composition and technological parameters used in production of the composite material, and from the size of rubber crumb. Obtained results show possibility to attain desirable changes in the composite material properties by changing both the composition and technological parameters of examined material.
Behavior Based Complete Coverage Task of Unknown Area by an Autonomous Mobile Robot SCORPION with Static Obstacles in Environment

In the paper the behavior based control system of an autonomous mobile robot SCORPION is presented to execute the one of the most difficult navigation task, which is the complete coverage task of unknown area with static obstacles in the environment. The main principle assumed to design control system was that the robot should cover all area only once, if it possible, to optimize the length of path and energy consumption. All commercial robots like Roomba, Trilobite or IVO move using structured templates combined with random movement. Therefore the path of coverage is not optimal directions of movement are often chosen randomly, so robot covers the same area many times wasting time and energy. In paper the five main developed templates of movement were described to fulfill main task in ordered manner using primarily the way of the ox template of coverage [1, 2, 5, 1. The behavioral control system is implemented in a computer application written in Python [5]. In the paper the test methodology of the developed system on real mobile robot ERSP SCORPION equipped with IR sensors is presented. Graphical and quantitative results of tests of accomplishment of complete coverage task are given for 6 different configurations of obstacles in the robots environment. Conclusions are presented and discussed [5]. Ways to improve the quality indicators [1, of the task of complete coverage of a unknown area are also showed.
Joint Channel Assignment and Routing for Throughput Optimization in Multiradio Wireless Mesh Networks

Multihop infrastructure wireless mesh networks offer increased reliability, coverage, and reduced equipment costs over their single-hop counterpart, wireless local area networks. Equipping wireless routers with multiple radios further improves the capacity by transmitting over multiple radios simultaneously using orthogonal channels. Efficient channel assignment and routing is essential for throughput optimization of mesh clients. Efficient channel assignment schemes can greatly relieve the interference effect of close-by transmissions; effective routing schemes can alleviate potential congestion on any gateways to the Internet, thereby improving per-client throughput. Unlike previous heuristic approaches, we mathematically formulate the joint channel assignment and routing problem, taking into account the interference constraints, the number of channels in the network, and the number of radios available at each mesh router. We then use this formulation to develop a solution for our problem that optimizes the overall network throughput subject to fairness constraints on allocation of scarce wireless capacity among mobile clients. We show that the performance of our algorithms is within a constant factor of that of any optimal algorithm for the joint channel assignment and routing problem. Our evaluation demonstrates that our algorithm can effectively exploit the increased number of channels and radios, and it performs much better than the theoretical worst case bounds
Supporting transparent model update in distributed CASE tool integration

Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is a software development approach that focuses on models. In order to support MDA, a lot of CASE tools have emerged; each of them provides a different set of modeling services (operations for automating model manipulation). We have proposed an open environment called ModelBus, which enables the integration of heterogeneous and distributed CASE tools. ModelBus enables tools to invoke the modeling services provided by other tools. In this paper, we focus on supporting a particular kind of modeling services: services that update models (i.e. they have inout parameters). Our contribution is to enable a tool to update models owned by another tool. We propose a parameter passing mechanism that hides the complexity of model update from tools. First, it enables a tool to update models transparently to heterogeneous model representations. Second, it enables a tool to update models located in the memory of another remote tool transparently, as if the models were local. Third, it ensures the integrity between the updated models and the tool that owns the models.
Dynamics of Viral Evolution and Neutralizing Antibody Response after HIV-1 Superinfection

ABSTRACT Investigating the incidence and prevalence of HIV-1 superinfection is challenging due to the complex dynamics of two infecting strains. The superinfecting strain can replace the initial strain, be transiently expressed, or persist along with the initial strain in distinct or in recombined forms. Various selective pressures influence these alternative scenarios in different HIV-1 coding regions. We hypothesized that the potency of the neutralizing antibody (NAb) response to autologous viruses would modulate viral dynamics in env following superinfection in a limited set of superinfection cases. HIV-1 env pyrosequencing data were generated from blood plasma collected from 7 individuals with evidence of superinfection. Viral variants within each patient were screened for recombination, and viral dynamics were evaluated using nucleotide diversity. NAb responses to autologous viruses were evaluated before and after superinfection. In 4 individuals, the superinfecting strain replaced the original strain. In 2 individuals, both initial and superinfecting strains continued to cocirculate. In the final individual, the surviving lineage was the product of interstrain recombination. NAb responses to autologous viruses that were detected within the first 2 years of HIV-1 infection were weak or absent for 6 of the 7 recently infected individuals at the time of and shortly following superinfection. These 6 individuals had detectable on-going viral replication of distinct superinfecting virus in the env coding region. In the remaining case, there was an early and strong autologous NAb response, which was associated with extensive recombination in env between initial and superinfecting strains. This extensive recombination made superinfection more difficult to identify and may explain why the detection of superinfection has typically been associated with low autologous NAb titers.
PROCESS MODELLING TECHNOLOGY : A CRITICAL REVIEW OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

This paper reviews some of the key developments in process modelling technology over the last decade. These include the establishment of networks involving multiple groups of model developers and model users, and the support that process modelling tools need to provide towards the reliable and efficient operation of these process model supply chains; the trend towards open software architectures and the emergence of standards for process modelling software; the emergence of hybrid process/CFD modelling and the demands it places on process modelling tools; the significant advances in the area of physical properties; and the impact of developments in computer hardware and architecture. The paper attempts to perform a critical analysis of the successes and failures of the last decade, and to identify the main challenges for the next.
Development of a Cambridge Structural Database Subset: A Collection of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Past, Present, and Future

We report the generation and characterization of the most complete collection of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) maintained and updated, for the first time, by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC). To set up this subset, we asked the question “what is a MOF? ” and implemented a number of “look-for-MOF” criteria embedded within a bespoke Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) Python API workflow to identify and extract information on 69 666 MOF materials. The CSD MOF subset is updated regularly with subsequent MOF additions to the CSD, bringing a unique record for all researchers working in the area of porous materials around the world, whether to perform high-throughput computational screening for materials discovery or to have a global view over the existing structures in a single resource. Using this resource, we then developed and used an array of computational tools to remove residual solvent molecules from the framework pores of all the MOFs identified and went on to analyze geometrical and .
The evolution of music and human social capability

Music is a core human experience and generative processes reflect cognitive capabilities. Music is often functional because it is something that can promote human well-being by facilitating human contact, human meaning, and human imagination of possibilities, tying it to our social instincts. Cognitive systems also underlie musical performance and sensibilities. Music is one of those things that we do spontaneously, reflecting brain machinery linked to communicative functions, enlarged and diversified across a broad array of human activities. Music cuts across diverse cognitive capabilities and resources, including numeracy, language, and space perception. In the same way, music intersects with cultural boundaries, facilitating our “social self” by linking our shared experiences and intentions. This paper focuses on the intersection between the neuroscience of music, and human social functioning to illustrate the importance of music to human behaviors.