Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parasitic Exploitation of Wi-Fi Signals for Indoor Radar Surveillance

In this paper, we examine the potentiality of passive coherent location (PCL) for indoor area monitoring. In particular, we show that Wi-Fi transmissions can be successfully exploited as waveforms of opportunity to perform moving target detection and localization based on the passive radar principle. Moreover, we investigate the advanced capability to obtain high-resolution cross-range profiles of the observed targets via inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar (ISAR) techniques. To these purposes, appropriate processing techniques are introduced to cope with the limitations resulting from the indoor applications such as the strong returns from the stationary scene and the high density of potential targets. The proposed system concept has been tested against both simulated and real data sets. The reported results clearly show that using few receiving channels connected to properly dislocated antennas allows an accurate target localization and tracking. In addition, reliable and stable profiles are obtained for the targets moving in the surveyed scene, which might fruitfully feed a classification stage. This contributes to the demonstration of the effective applicability of the passive radar concept for improving internal and external security of private/public premises.
Ieee Transactions on Vehicular Technology Compressive-sensing-based Multiuser Detector for the Large-scale Sm-mimo Uplink 2

Conventional spatial modulation (SM) is typically consid5 ered for transmission in the downlink of small-scale multiple-input– 6 multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where a single antenna element (AE) of 7 a set of, e.g., 2 AEs is activated for implicitly conveying p bits. By contrast, 8 inspired by the compelling benefits of large-scale MIMO (LS-MIMO) 9 systems, here, we propose an LS-SM-MIMO scheme for the uplink (UL), 10 where each user having multiple AEs but only a single radio frequency 11 (RF) chain invokes SM for increasing the UL throughput. At the same time, 12 by relying on hundreds of AEs and a small number of RF chains, the base 13 station (BS) can simultaneously serve multiple users while reducing the 14 power consumption. Due to the large number of AEs of the UL users and 15 the comparably small number of RF chains at the BS, the UL multiuser sig16 nal detection becomes a challenging large-scale underdetermined problem. 17 To solve this problem, we propose a joint SM transmission scheme and 18 a carefully designed structured compressive sensing (SCS)-based multi19 user detector (MUD) to be used at the users and the BS, respectively. 20 Additionally, the cyclic-prefix single carrier (CPSC) is used to combat 21 the multipath channels, and a simple receive AE selection is used for the 22 improved performance over correlated Rayleigh-fading MIMO channels. 23 We demonstrate that the aggregate SM signal consisting of multiple UL 24 users’ SM signals of a CPSC block exhibits distributed sparsity. Moreover, 25 due to the joint SM transmission scheme, aggregate SM signals in the same 26 transmission group exhibit group sparsity. By exploiting these intrinsically 27 sparse features, the proposed SCS-based MUD can reliably detect the 28 resultant SM signals with low complexity. Simulation results demonstrate 29 that the proposed SCS-based MUD achieves a better signal detection 30 performance than its counterparts even with higher UL throughput. 31
Adding shadows to a texture-based volume renderer

Texture based volume rendering is a technique to efficiently visualize volumetric data using texture mapping hardware. We present an algorithm that extends this approach to render shadows for the volume. The algorithm takes advantage of fast frame buffer operations which modern graphics hardware offers, but does not depend on any special purpose hardware. The visual impression of the final image is significantly improved by bringing more structure and three dimensional information into the often foggyish appearance of texture based volume renderings. Although the algorithm does not perform lighting calculations, the resulting image has a shaded appearance, which is a further visual cue to spatial understanding of the data and lets the images appear more realistic. As calculating the shadows is independent of the visualization process it can be applied to any form of volume visualization, though volume rendering based on two- or three-dimensional texture mapping hardware makes the most sense. Compared to unshadowed texture based volume rendering, performance decreases by less than 50%, which is still sufficient to guarantee interactive manipulation of the volume data. In the special case where only the camera is moving with the light position fixed to the scene there is no performance decrease at all, because recalculation has only to be done if the position of the light source with respect to the volume changes.
Motor rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury and stroke - Advances in assessment and therapy.

A long-term goal in motor rehabilitation is that treatment is not selected on the basis of 'schools of thought', but rather, based on knowledge about efficacy and effectiveness of specific interventions for specific situations (e.g. functional syndromes). Motor dysfunction after stroke or TBI can be caused by many different functional syndromes such as paresis, ataxia, deafferentaion, visuo-perceptual deficits, or apraxia. Examples are provided showing that theory-based analysis of motor behavior makes it possible to describe 'syndrome-specific motor deficits'. Its potential implications for motor rehabilitation are that our understanding of altered motor behavior as well as specific therapeutic approaches might be promoted. A methodological prerequisite for clinical trials in rehabilitation is knowledge about test properties of assessment tools in follow-up situations such as test-retest reliability and responsiveness to change. Test-retest reliability assesses whether a test can produce stable measures with test repetition, while sensitivity to change reflects whether a test detects changes that occur over time. Exemplifying these considerations, a reliability and validity study of a kinematic arm movement analysis is summarized. In terms of new therapeutic developments, two examples of clinical therapeutic studies are provided assessing the efficacy of specific inter-ventions for specific situations in arm and gait rehabilitation: the Arm Ability Training for high functioning hemiparetic stroke and TBI patients, and the treadmill training for non-ambulatory hemiparetic patients. In addition, a new technical development, a machine-controlled gait trainer ist introduced.
DODGING THE GATEKEEPERS?

Although politicians, scholars and campaigners claim that social media such as Facebook and Twitter profoundly change election campaigns, still little is known about the place of social media in the overall campaign mix and its use compared to traditional campaigning channels like the mass media. Cluster analysis of a representative survey among the candidates in the 2011 parliamentary election in Denmark shows that the candidates can be divided into three groups with different campaign mixes: a group which mainly communicates through the traditional mass media, a group which emphasizes social media, and a group which puts low emphasis on media in their campaign. The place of social media in the campaign mix of Danish candidates can be explained by access to the mainstream media and incentives for individual candidates. Traditional media remain the most important communication channel in the Danish campaign, but primarily for candidates who are newsworthy due to their experience and incumbency status. These candidates use social media to generate coverage in the traditional mass media. Challengers and less experienced candidates are more likely to use social media to compensate for lack of attention from the mainstream media, in particular when they are involved in intra-party competition. It is concluded that social media are integrated into Danish campaign mix according to the incentive structure of the electoral system and the media logic which characterizes modern campaigns.
Micromotives and Macrobehavior

"Schelling here offers an early analysis of 'tipping' in social situations involving a large number of individuals. "-official citation for the 2005 Nobel Prize Micromotives and Macrobehavior was originally published over twenty-five years ago, yet the stories it tells feel just as fresh today. And the subject of these stories-how small and seemingly meaningless decisions and actions by individuals often lead to significant unintended consequences for a large group-is more important than ever. In one famous example, Thomas C. Schelling shows that a slight-but-not-malicious preference to have neighbors of the same race eventually leads to completely segregated populations. The updated edition of this landmark book contains a new preface and the author's Nobel Prize acceptance speech.
A Longitudinal Investigation of Sleep Quality in Adolescents and Young Adults After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective and Background:We examined sleep-related problems in adolescents and young adults after a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) or orthopedic injury. We extended the analysis of data from a study of early emotional and neuropsychological sequelae in these populations (McCauley et al. 2014. J Neurotrauma. 31:914). Methods:We gave the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to 77 participants with MTBI, 71 with orthopedic injury, and 43 non-injured controls. The age range was 12 to 30 years. We tested sleep quality within 96 hours of injury and at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Participants also completed measures of pain and fatigue, drug and alcohol use, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Results:Older participants (mean age=25 years) in the MTBI group exhibited a sharp increase in sleep-related symptoms between the baseline assessment and 1 month, and still had difficulties at 3 months. Younger participants with MTBI (mean age=15 years) and older participants with an orthopedic injury had modest increases in sleep difficulties between baseline and 1 month. The participants with MTBI also had more clinically significant sleep difficulties at all 3 assessments. At 3 months, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores in younger participants with MTBI and all participants with orthopedic injury did not differ significantly from the non-injured controls’. The controls had no significant change in their sleep symptoms during the 3 months. Conclusions:Sleep difficulties in young adults may persist for ⩽3 months after MTBI and exceed those after orthopedic injury. Clinicians should seek and treat sleep-related problems after MTBI.
Characteristics of Iconic Gesture Comprehension and Production in Late-Talkers

배경 및 목적: 제스처는 언어발달 이전 아동의 의사소통능력을 평가하고 강화할 수 있는 유용한 수단으로 주목받고 있으나 이를 구체적으로 다룬 국내 연구는 찾아보기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 말 늦은 아동을 일반 아동과 비교하여 도상적 제스처 이해 및 표현 특성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구대상은 서울 및 경기 지역에 거주하는 만 2세(24-35개월) 말 늦은.
Searching for Product Experience Attributes in Online Information Sources

Using the Web, consumers not only find product characteristics from manufacturers and sellers; they can also exchange opinions with other third parties. Learning about such “experience attributes” builds confidence in purchasing decisions and establishes trust between parties in transactions. However, little is known about the search process for these experience attributes. In the current study, 65 participants researched a product, reporting its characteristics as well as salient experience attributes. By analyzing their search diaries and questionnaire responses, patterns for finding product characteristics versus experience attributes were compared. Precision on task was the same, however, product characteristics searches were likely to originate at search engines. Seller-dominated sites were favored over independent sites in searches for product characteristics, while the opposite was true for experience attributes. Finally, searches for experience attributes were not as broad or deep as those for product characteristics, suggesting that consumers focus their attention on fewer sources. Les consommateurs utilisent le Web pour se renseigner non seulement sur les caractéristiques d’un produit mais également ses attributs d'expérience. La présente étude examine le processus de recherche de tels attributs. En analysant les historiques de leur recherche et les réponses au questionnaire, des différences saillantes entre le processus de recherche des caractéristiques du produit et celui des attributs d'expérience ont été identifiées.
A Call to Educate, Participate, Invoke and Indict: Understanding the Communication of Online Hate Groups

This study analyzes the messages in hate group websites using a grounded theory approach. Through this process of interpretive inquiry we propose four prominent themes—educate, participate, invoke, and indict—that characterize the messages examined in 21 hate groups. These message themes speak to the: (a) education of members and external publics; (b) participation within the group and in the public realm; (c) invocation of divine calling and privilege; and (d) indictment of external groups including the government, media, and entertainment industries, and other extremist sects. In advancing a substantive grounded theory of online hate group communication, we also explore the potential of these themes to ostensibly reinforce the hate group's identity, reduce external threats, and recruit new members.
Advanced hardware and software architectures for computational intelligence-application to a real world problem

Computational intelligence and its applications have been under dynamic development in the last years. The research areas as fuzzy logic, neural networks or evolutionary computation have demonstrated their power on a large amount of problems, e.g. in pattern recognition, system control, system diagnosis, and intelligent signal processing. We give a short review of the developments in this area over the last years. We show here that a developer of dedicated hardware should be aware of the problems in developing specialized hardware for computational intelligence, i.e. he has to compete with mainstream microcomputer implementations of the same techniques. Furthermore we point out some directions for promising research and possibilities for system improvements, especially in the area of neural network algorithm and system research.
Multiuser MIMO capacity with limited feedback trellis exploration based precoder

In this paper, a linear trellis based precoder technique is proposed for maximizing multiuser MIMO capacity. We consider MIMO multiple access channel with inter symbol interference (ISI). We use the trellis exploration algorithm to form a precoding matrix that minimizes the interference from other users by allocating power in the appropriate eigen modes for each user. Employing a finite number of phases, the precoder matrix for each user is first custom designed at the receiver. Then a bit sequence indicating the phase indices of the optimized precoding matrix for the corresponding user is fed back to the transmitter. We show that under limited feedback, the sum rate capacity achieved is comparable to the optimal sum-rate capacity employing the well-known water filling solution with complete channel knowledge at the transmitter for spatio-temporal vector coding (STVC). Our simulations for various multiuser MIMO cases, show that the per user precoding strategy achieves desirable performance gain with limited feedback and equal user power allocation in terms of ergodic capacity.
Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect.

An historical sketch of the manner in which evidence has accumulated showing the ill effects of separation, loss, and maternal deprivation during the early years, and of how, in the light of this evidence, a new conceptual framework, often referred to as attachment theory, has been formulated for understanding personality development and psychopathology.
The role of LPA 1 in formation of synapses among cultured hippocampal neurons

We studied the lysophosphatidic acid receptor-1 (LPA1) gene, which we found to be expressed endogenously in cultured hippocampal neurons, and in vivo in young (1-weekold) rat brain slices. Overexpressed green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged, membrane-associated LPA1 accumulated in a punctate manner over the entire dendritic tree and caused an increase in dendritic spine density. About half of the dendritic spines in the LPA1-transfected neurons displayed distinct fluorescent puncta, and this subset of spines was also substantially larger than puncta-free, LPA1-transfected or control GFP spines. This phenotype could also be seen in cells transfected with a ligand-binding, defective mutant and is therefore not dependent on interaction with an ambient ligand. While spontaneous miniature excitatory synaptic currents were of the same amplitudes, they decayed slower in LPA1-transfected neurons compared with GFP controls. We propose that LPA1 may play a role in the formation and modulation of the dendritic spine synapse.
The Effects of Conceptual Change on the Transfer of Established Skills

When people practice a task, their performance in terms of speed and accuracy normally improves in a smooth manner that follows a power function. The consistency with which the performance of a wide range of skills conforms to this power function relationship is known as the Power Law of Learning, and has been an important assumption of many of the dominant theories of skill acquisition and transfer. As such, the form of the power function that is derived from the training process has been used to predict performance when task conditions remain constant. However, Speelman and Kirsner (under review) have found that performance can be disrupted by any change in a task, especially with regard to task complexity. The present study sought to more closely examine the nature of the disruption by focusing on whether it related to a change in the conceptual requirements of the task as a function of complexity. Sixty participants were used to examine three aspects of conceptual change on an arithmetic test task consisting of problems drawn from the Six-Times table, all of which could be solved by memory retrieval. The three respective conditions dealt with the influence on the test task of: other memory retrieval problems; algorithmic processing; and a combination of memory retrieval and algorithmic processing. All participants received a common set of 72 test task problems in the training phase of the experiment, which were combined with 72 distractor task problems and presented to participants in exactly the same manner in the transfer phase. Mean reaction times and accuracy were measured for the test and distractor tasks in the training and transfer phases. An analysis of the results supported Speelman and Kimer's findings of a disruption in performance at the introduction of the distractor task problems. Such a disruption was found in the conditions examining algorithmic processing and a combination of memory retrieval and algorithmic processing. In contrast to Speelman and Kirsner's findings, where participants quickly recovered from the disruption, a prolonged disruption was found in all conditions that continued throughout the transfer phase. These findings, together with those of Speelman and Kirsner, challenge some of the assumptions of current theories of skill acquisition and transfer, and provide further avenues of research into the factors affecting the use of skills in a new environment. Author: John Forbes Supervisor: Dr Craig Speelman Submitted: October 2000
The Use of Music Intervention in Healthcare Research: A Narrative Review of the Literature

Background: Although music has been widely used in healthcare, there has been scant review of literature analyzing the use of music as an intervention in healthcare research. Purpose: The purpose of this article was to provide a narrative review of the literature to explore how "music therapy" has been used in healthcare research to promote healing in adult populations. The following five questions were addressed: (a) In what populations and under what conditions has music intervention been studied? (b) What specific kinds of music have been used for study intervention? (c) How has the music intervention been operationalized? (d) What metrics have been used as outcome measures? (e) Have music interventions been effective? Methods: Articles were retrieved from several scientific databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) using the following search parameters: MeSH search terms "music therapy" in the title field with the search limit to "adults 19 years and older," "humans," "clinical randomized controlled studies," and "English. " A total of 33 clinical randomized controlled studies that met the search criteria were reviewed. Results: (a) In the reviewed studies (studied articles), subjects with dementia were the most commonly studied population group, and the predominant aim of the study was to alleviate anxiety. (b) Employed music interventions may be categorized as one of two types: passive (receptive) and active. The passive (receptive) music intervention commonly involved subjects in a resting position listening to music, whereas the active music intervention is usually carried out in a group format in which subjects are actively involved in the music intervention. (c) Intervention frequency, dosing, and duration were highly variable across the reviewed studies. Very few studies described the intervention setting, which made evaluation of these studies difficult. Direct supervision seemed to be an influential factor for adherence. (d) Outcome measures in retrieved articles involved two types: psychological and physiological or biological. (e) The effectiveness of music intervention was reported as successful in most of the retrieved studies. Conclusion: Much work has been done on the use of music interventions in the clinical setting. Future research should consider participant music selection preferences, and the selection of active versus passive intervention approach should be based on a clear conceptual framework. Combining both physiological and psychological measures in the study design is a recommended approach to increase measurement validity.
Tracking of a random target by circular pattern of mobile agents with a leader

This paper is concerned with the problem of tracking a random target by a circular pattern of mobile agents using leader-follower approach. There is a single leader in the group which is located at the centre of the circle. Other agents, i.e., the followers control their motions to locate themselves evenly on the arc of the circle. The problem considered here is two fold - formation of a circular pattern with a static leader and tracking of a randomly moving target by this pattern. A novel distributed control law has been designed based on artificial potential function approach to achieve the formation and maintenance of the circle with the leader being static. The follower agents are allowed to communicate with the leader and only one neighboring follower. For the tracking problem, the leader estimates state of the target using Kalman filter. The leader is then made to track the target as the estimated target position works as the tracking destination. The control law of the followers is modified by adding a navigation term to make them move along with the leader while maintaining the circular pattern. Both the algorithms - circular formation and tracking - have been shown to be Lyapunov stable. Effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through extensive simulation. Index Terms-Multi-agent system, formation control, circle formation, Kalman filter, artificial potential function.