Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Intra-Alliance Division of Value Created through Collaboration

The differential benefits reaped by individual partners are a major determinant of the impact of strategic alliances on firm performance, and an important (dis)incentive for alliance partners to collaborate in value creation. Theoretically, however, we lack an explicit theory of intra-alliance value division, and empirically, previous analysis has been hampered by methodological challenges. In response, therefore, we propose a bargaining framework for intra-alliance value appropriation, as well as a measure for capturing its variation. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 200 biotechnology R&D alliances, and find that we are able to explain variation in value appropriation across alliance partners, partner types, and individual firms of each type.
Modeling User Preferences on Spatiotemporal Topics for Point-of-Interest Recommendation

With the development of the location-based social networks (LBSNs) and the popular of mobile devices, a plenty of user's check-in data accumulated enough to enable personalized Point-of-Interest recommendations services. In this paper, we propose a scheme of modeling user's preferences on spatiotemporal topics (UPOST scheme) for accurate individualized POI recommendation. In the UPOST scheme, we discover temporal topics from semantic locations (i.e., people's description words for a location) to learn users' preferences. UPOST infers user's preference for different types of places during different periods by learning the spatiotemporal topics from the historical semantic locations of users. We have developed two algorithms under the UPOST scheme: the time division LDA algorithm (TDLDA) and the time adaptive topic discovery algorithm (TATD). In TDLDA, we divide the check-in dataset into different time segments and use one LDA for one segment. Then we improve TDLDA further by developing a new TATD algorithm to discover spatiotemporal topics. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our UPOST scheme, both TDLDA and TATD outperform the counterpart method that do not consider semantic locations.
Not all Delay Tests Are the Same - SDQL Model Shows True-Time

Assessing the effectiveness of transition fault testing by the test coverage is misleading and can result on lower product quality. In reality, the actual timing of the test for each fault determines if a delay defect of a given size is detected or not. Transition tests that use actual circuit timings to create tests with the tightest possible timing detect more defects and have higher test effectiveness for a given test coverage. This paper validates this assertion using a statistical delay quality model (SDQM) model to estimate the statistical delay quality level (SDQL) of several chips. The comparison includes transition tests generated with and without actual circuit timing as a function of the actual timing of the tests for each fault
Eco-innovation determinants in service industries

The objective of this paper is to determine, empirically, the determinants of service firms’ environmental orientation (firm environmental responsiveness and environmental performance) while innovating. We analyze 3013 Spanish service firms using multivariate analysis with data retrieved from PITEC Database (Spanish Technological Panel). Results show that environmentally oriented service firms are characterized by product and process orientation. Furthermore, results show that service eco-oriented firms are those that have been more innovative and that rely more on market information sources for the innovation process. Keywords : eco-innovation drivers, PITEC, Spanish service industry.
An optimization method for public traffic line network based on entropy weight and multi-objective programming

The optimization method for public traffic line network is studied according to the feature of line network optimization problem. By using system science theory, seven objective functions and three constraints of line network optimization are established. An ideal solution decision method based on entropy weight and multi-objective programming is proposed. The method is simple and easy to use. By using the method combining expert judgment with entropy weight, the indexes weights are determined, which realizes the unity of subjectivity and objectivity.
The Use of National Systems of Innovation Models to Develop Indicators of Innovation and Technological Capacity

Introduction For at least three decades governments have measured the input of resources to national R&D programs in the firm belief that R&D has a positive, if indefinable, effect on economic growth. More recently the development of the "new growth theory" of economics has provided the theoretical basis linking investment in S&T to economic growth. As Paul Romer (1) has pointed out: ". there's another process underlying the business cycle-the process of discovery and invention. It is this process that generates long-run improvements in the standard of living. If you want to think of it as a picture, you can see economic growth as a long-run upward trend line, (with) the business cycle as little wiggles around that line. What determines how high we climb in the long run is the slope of that line, not the little 2 wiggles" The first theoretical constructs of the benefits of S&T knowledge focused on the "linear" model of innovation where an investment in R&D would eventually lead to wealth creation or a social benefit. There were intervening steps where the technologies resulting from R&D were developed and commercialized, but the model suggested that resources expended on R&D would inevitably result in some good at the end of the chain, and that incremental R&D resources would result in incremental benefits. Current theories take a much wider view of the innovative process, and recognize that R&D is only one of several inputs to wealth generation and social progress. Investment in S&T knowledge occurs primarily through three processes: • domestic development of new S&T knowledge through R&D programs • investment in intellectual property through the purchase of patents and licenses or by appropriating knowledge in the public domain • acquisition of knowledge through the technology embedded in imported capital goods (e.g. usually "high-technology" products) These investments, while usually thought of in financial terms also represent an investment in human capital. Thus measurement of these investments must not only include the financial resources devoted to them but also the human resources assigned to these efforts. However, analysts need to measure all three types of contributions to knowledge which contribute to economic growth, as economic structures vary widely. Most current S&T indicators focus on domestic R&D investments (either financial or human capital), based on the reasonable as sumption that R&D performance is an indicator of innovation, and do not address the level of investment on other …
Creating a Culture for Interdisciplinary Collaborative Professional Practice

Abstract The future of the health system is dependent on health professionals re-tooling the way we practice together. No longer can a multi-disciplinary model support the complex health needs of many clients nor can any one-health profession have all the knowledge needed to provide total patient-centred care. However, our current education and health systems are structured around a multidisciplinary model of practice with physicians or nurse practitioners as decision-makers and rarely are clients included in care planning. True interdisciplinary practice is defined as a partnership between a team of health professionals and a client in a participatory, collaborative and coordinated approach to shared decision-making around health issues, requires a revamping of how future health professionals are educated and how the system can accommodate shared decision-making. A client-centered collaborative professional practice model is proposed in this paper as a means for fostering and facilitating the culture for this change.
Dynamic optimization of handover parameters adjustment for conflict avoidance in long term evolution

In order to achieve dynamical optimization of mobility load balancing, we analyze the conflict between mobility load balancing and mobility robustness optimization caused by the improper operation of handover parameters. To this end, a method of Handover Parameters Adjustment for Conflict Avoidance (HPACA) is proposed. Considering the movement of users, HPCAC can dynamically adjust handover range to optimize the mobility load balancing. The movement of users is an important factor of handover, which has a dramatic impact on system performance. The numerical evaluation results show the proposed approach outperforms the existing method in terms of throughput, call blocking ratio, load balancing index, radio link failure ratio, ping-pong handover ratio and call dropping ratio.
Development of ODL in a Newly Industrialized Country according to Face-to-Face Contact, ICT, and E-Readiness

A large number of unqualified and under-qualified in-service teachers are holding back socio-economical development in South Africa, a newly industrialized country. Open and distance learning (ODL) provides an innovative strategy and praxis for developing and newly industrialized countries to reach their educational and socio-economical objectives through professional development and training. In order to examine factors which affect the success of ODL offered by the North-West University in South Africa, a qualitative and quantitative research approach is used. Factors examined include face-to-face classroom contact, the implementation and use of ICTs, and e-readiness. The relationships between these factors are also discussed. A questionnaire was administered to 87 teacher-students in four Advanced Certificate in Education (ACE) programs to collect quantitative data regarding aspects of their classes and the e-readiness of students. This data was qualitatively elaborated upon by three semi-structured, open-ended focus-group interviews. Besides descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank-order correlations ( r ) were determined between variables pertaining to negative feelings towards face-to-face classroom contact, ODL as students’ choice of delivery mode, and students’ positive attitude towards information and communication technology (ICT). Combined quantitative and qualitative findings were used to evaluate the effectiveness of contact classes as well as the e-readiness of students towards the attainment of ODL development Phase D. This phase refers to UNESCO’s description of ICT implementation, integration, and use. Relationships (Spearman’s rank-order correlations) between ODL, as teacher-students’ choice of educational delivery mode, and aspects of their e-readiness suggest that the e-readiness of teacher-students is implicit to their choice of ODL as educational delivery mode for professional development.
Adsorption of core-shell nanoparticles at liquid–liquid interfaces

The use of nanoparticles as building blocks for the self-assembly of functional materials has been rapidly increasing in recent years. In particular, two-dimensional materials can be effectively self-assembled at liquid interfaces thanks to particle localization and mobility at the interface in combination with tailoring of specific interactions. Many recent advances have been made in the understanding of the adsorption and assembly at liquid interfaces of small hydrophobic nanoparticles stabilized by short-chain rigid dispersants but the corresponding studies on core-shell nanoparticles sterically stabilized by extended hydrophilic polymer brushes are presently missing. Such particles offer significant advantages in terms of fabrication of functional, responsive and bio-compatible materials. We present here a combination of experimental and numerical data together with an intuitive and simple model aimed at elucidating the mechanisms governing the adsorption of iron oxide nanparticles (5–10 nm) stabilized by low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (1.5–10 kDa). We show that the adsorption dynamics and the structure of the final assembly depend on the free energy of the particles at the interface and discuss the thermodynamics of the adsorption in terms of the polymer solubility in each phase.
Unpacking the temporal dimension of coopetition in tourism destinations: evidence from Finnish and Italian theme parks

Coopetition, namely the co-presence of cooperation and competition, is a new strategy that goes beyond the established business paradigms of competition and cooperation. This type of strategy is relevant in tourism destinations, for instance in theme parks, where competing, co-located companies also collaborate. In this paper, we address the temporal dynamics of interorganizational relationships in Finnish and Italian theme parks (i.e. Lapland and Riviera Romagnola). Our comparative study shows that cooperation and coopetition among tourism businesses often shift from a prevalently short-term basis to a long term one when public and private stakeholders understand the benefits accruing to cooperation in terms of enhancement of the brand image of the destination and attraction of a higher number of visitors, by leveraging the destination's multifaceted assets.
A Service Quality Model and its Marketing Implications

Proposes to develop a service quality model, based on test of a sample of business executives, which describes how the quality of services is perceived by customers. Looks at its marketing implications, in which functional quality is seen to be a very important dimension of a perceived service. Concludes that quality dimensions are interrelated and that the importance of image should be recognised.
Managing Commodity Booms: Lessons of International Experience

Africa's exports have always been concentrated in primary commodities and recently, due to high prices and new discoveries, the importance of these exports has substantially increased. A distinctive characteristic of these commodities is that their world prices are volatile, with wide and unpredictable fluctuations. Evidently, these fluctuations have corresponding effects on export revenues. The price movements are not symmetrical hills and valleys. They are typically generated by shocks in supply or demand that result in temporary 'stockouts': periods in which global stocks of the commodity fall below some accepted threshold. During stockouts prices spike, followed by long periods of gentle decline. This produces a pattern of prices in which the normal state is for prices to be mildly depressed, interspersed by a few periods of exceptionally high prices. These periods of price spikes are, by their nature, major economic events that are exceptional and unpredictable. Africa is currently in the midst of one of these price upswings, as illustrated below. For both oil and the other non-agricultural commodities prices have approximately doubled.
The influence of coupon face value on service quality expectations, risk perceptions and purchase intentions in the dental industry

In recent years, professional service organizations have begun to successfully implement various sales promotion techniques, and potential customers are responding favorably to such promotions. This exploratory research examined the impact of sales promotions on consumer attitudes and intentions. More specifically, the influence of coupon face value on service quality expectations, perceived purchase risks, and purchase intentions was examined. The results indicate that while coupons positively impact the purchase intentions of dental services, the positive impact was negated by negative impacts on service quality expectations and perceived purchase risk. Further results and implications of the study for professional services are addressed.
Isoflurane-induced myocardial preconditioning is dependent on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt signalling.

BACKGROUND Isoflurane and other volatile anaesthetics have a cardioprotective effect and limit myocardial infarct size to the same extent as ischaemic preconditioning. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) was found to play a key role in myocardial protection by ischaemic preconditioning. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate whether isoflurane-induced myocardial preconditioning is dependent on PI3K signalling. METHODS Using a model of regional myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion, New Zealand White rabbits were subjected to 40 min of regional myocardial ischaemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The rabbits were randomly assigned to one of the following six experimental groups: sham-operated controls (n=5); ischaemia and reperfusion controls (n=8); isoflurane preconditioning (n=8); a PI3K inhibitor, wortmannin (0.6 mg kg(-1) i.v. ) + isoflurane (n=8); and wortmannin+ischaemia and reperfusion (n=8). An additional control group of sham operation+ wortmannin (n=5) was also included. Myocardial injury was assessed by measuring the serum concentration of the MB fraction of creatine kinase (CK-MB) and infarct size was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Phosphorylation of Akt, a downstream target of PI3K, was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS Isoflurane preconditioning was seen as reduced infarct size compared with control animals: 24 (4) and 41 (5)% respectively (P<0.05). Wortmannin inhibited this cardioprotective effect with myocardial infarct size at 44 (3)% (not significant). Akt phosphorylation was increased after isoflurane preconditioning, but administration of wortmannin blocked this effect. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that isoflurane protects the heart against ischaemia and decreases myocardial infarction by activation of PI3K.
Low Cost Carrier Model in India: Sustainability Challenges

Difficult market conditions since 2008, including oil price volatibility, slump in air travel demand, and economic downturn have had a spiraling effect on the airline industry, leading to a record number of airline insolvencies across the globe. Despite the situation, the low cost carrier model has proven to be a fairly popular business model internationally, owing to the cheap air fares. However, the model is yet to acquire a competitive pricing position in the domestic Indian market. Limited infrastructure and lack of favorable regulatory policies are among the primary reasons for low market penetration. This paper reviews existing aviation industry literature to reason the policy challenges, including the policy of fee waiver cap on aircrafts with less than 80 seats/or weighing less than 21 tones. The paper concludes that the environmental cost of local air pollution around the airport is a function of an aircraft’s seating configuration and the maximum seating capacity demand on the given air route instead of the size of the aircrafts.
Making Collusion Hard: Asymmetric Information as a Counter-Corruption Measure

We study the problem of a principal who relies on the reports of a monitor to provide incentives to an agent. We allow for collusion, so that the agent and monitor can side-contract on what report to send. We show that the principal can benefit from creating endogenous asymmetric information between the agent and the monitor, thereby making side-contracting more difficult. Specifically, it may be optimal to randomize the incentives given to the monitor, and let the magnitude of her incentives serve as her private information vis a vis the agent.Plausible numerical computations in simple environments suggest that the potential efficiency gains from random incentives can be large. However, in general, the optimality of random incentives will depend on patterns of pre-existing asymmetric information: it is not always effective to add new sources of asymmetric information. We solve for both the Bayesian and max-min optimal policies, as well as provide an experiment-ready framework for prior-free policy evaluation. We show that even though monitors' reports do not provide a reliable measure of actual corruption, it is possible to evaluate local policy changes using only unverified report data.
Personalized Web Search using User Identity

Now a days the websites are available in bulk and a single search can give various different results. There still exist problem of getting results based on user importance in order to save time and complexity while searching. The personalized search built on user unique identification can solve the current problem to large extent. In this paper we have taken a unique personalization approach. We identify user and makes search according to user interest based on previous searches made by him. We present a personalized web search framework UIBP (USER IDENTIFICATION BASED PERSONALIZATION). The comparison of our model with others shows that our search agent will prove more user friendly as it will make the searching fast, easy and provide accurate results. Therefore it is an enhancement in the field of web mining.
Institutional donors' expectation of information from the Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs) reporting: A pilot survey

It is commonly believed that donors would donate more to charity if they were assured that the funds will be utilised properly and not wasted. Evidence from previous literature also shows that the donors tend to give more support and contribution to the charity if they were equipped with non-profit organizations (NPOs) information. As far as the NPO is concerned, the core competency of the sector is to build strong relationships with donors. Their ability to build this relationship will contribute to a strong sustainable income for the charity to operate. In Malaysia, there is no avenue for the stakeholders, particularly the institutional donors as the key stakeholders of the NPOs can obtain information on charity especially with regard to the financial information. This study seeks to develop preliminary insights into institutional donors’ expectations of information from the NPOs reporting. A pilot survey result of the information expected by the institutional donors, based on self-developed charitable organizations reporting index (ChoRI) was presented in this study. The result shows that the basic background information, financial and future information carries the highest weight. They are regarded as information perceived the most importance by the institutional donors but not regard as the required information to be furnished by the regulatory, the registry of society (ROS). The findings of this study can be used as a basis for future direction of NPOs reporting in Malaysia. Key word: Information, charity reporting, institutional donors, charitable organizations.
The Regulation of Consumer Financial Products: An Introductory Essay with Four Case Studies

The recent financial crisis has led many to question how well businesses deliver consumer financial services and how well regulatory institutions address problems in consumer financial markets. In response, the Obama administration proposed a new agency to oversee consumer financial services, and the recently enacted Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act embraced the Administration's proposal by creating the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection. Other regulatory reforms have been advanced, and in some cases adopted, in recent years, at both the federal and state level. In this paper, we provide an overview of consumer financial markets, detailing the purposes they serve, the extent to which they suffer from market failures or other deficiencies, and the structure of our current system of regulation. To illustrate our analytical framework, we present case studies on retirement savings, residential mortgages, payday lending, and mutual funds. We conclude with a series of observations on the limits of government intervention, suggestions about how to measure whether government intervention is successful, and potentially fruitful lines of future research and data collection.