Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Internet video traffic classification using QoS features

This paper addresses the issue of effective classification of video traffic with the view of QoS guarantee, and presents a modified K-Singular Value Decomposition (K-SVD) classification framework based on the concept of QFAg (QoS based Flow Aggregation). By statistical analysis of video flows on large-scale real networks, we define 5 Quality of Service (QoS) categories with the features of downstream/upstream rates. To investigate the sparsity property of multimedia QoS feature, this paper utilizes modified K-SVD to train dictionary extracted from training samples. By learning feature-set to obtain sparse representation for video traffic, we propose a feature-based method to classify video traffic. Experimental results reveal that the proposed method can improve the classification performance significantly compared to previous methods.
Spotlight on romiplostim in the treatment of children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia: design, development, and potential place in therapy

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia. In approximately one-third of cases, the duration of thrombocytopenia will extend beyond 12 months consistent with a diagnosis of chronic ITP. Minor bleeding manifestations are common in chronic ITP while severe or life-threatening bleeding complications are uncommon. Moreover, spontaneous resolution occurs in the majority of children with chronic ITP necessitating treatment in only those children with ongoing bleeding manifestations or impairment in health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The characterization of thrombopoietin (TPO) and remarkable advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ITP has led to the development of a new class of agents, the TPO-receptor agonists that have documented efficacy in the amelioration of thrombocytopenia and bleeding manifestations in chronic ITP. Romiplostim is a second-generation TPO-receptor agonist that has undergone limited evaluation in the treatment of chronic ITP in children. Evolving data suggest that romiplostim may be a safe and effective agent in the treatment of chronic ITP in children. Additional data are needed to confirm its ability to increase platelet counts, decrease bleeding manifestation, and improve the HRQOL of children and caregivers impacted by chronic ITP.
Motion Coordination of Thrust-Propelled Underactuated Vehicles in the Presence of Communication Delays

Abstract This paper addresses the coordinated control problem of underactuated thrust-propelled vehicles in the presence of irregular communication delays under a directed communication graph topology. We propose a distributed control algorithm that drives the vehicles to a prescribed formation provided that the communication graph contains a spanning tree. Using the multi-dimensional small-gain approach, we show that the proposed control scheme is robust with respect to varying communication delays, which can be discontinuous with unknown upper bounds. Simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm.
Spikes as regularizers

We present a confidence-based single-layer feed-forward learning algorithm SPIRAL (Spike Regularized Adaptive Learning) relying on an encoding of activation spikes. We adaptively update a weight vector relying on confidence estimates and activation offsets relative to previous activity. We regularize updates proportionally to item-level confidence and weight-specific support, loosely inspired by the observation from neurophysiology that high spike rates are sometimes accompanied by low temporal precision. Our experiments suggest that the new learning algorithm SPIRAL is more robust and less prone to overfitting than both the averaged perceptron and AROW.
Technology Management, Data management, Improved outcomes, Efficiency and Software limitation influencing the use of wireless technology for healthcare in Pakistan

The commercialization of internet and maturity of wireless technology have brought changes in the industrialised and developing world. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in Pakistan is on the rise in almost every industry. Despite the early stage of the technology and the lack of adequate resources and standardization, the use of ICT is expected to continue to grow in the Pakistani healthcare environment. In the Pakistani healthcare system, use of ICT technology has emerged as an important ingredient in formulating a business strategy that helps them to improve customer services, business processes and communication channels, both within the institution and with external stakeholders. This paper presents the results of our study into the use of wireless technology in the Pakistani healthcare system, and the determinants that were identified for the adoption of wireless technology in the Pakistani healthcare environment. The study used the quantitative approach to collect physician's views about the determinants of wireless technology. 150 healthcare professionals were surveyed to identify the drivers and inhibitors of wireless technology in the Pakistani healthcare environment.
Reverse-engineering Language: A Study on the Semantic Compositionality of German Compounds

In this paper we analyze the performance of different composition models on a large dataset of German compound nouns. Given a vector space model for the German language, we try to reconstruct the observed representation (the corpusestimated vector) of a compound by composing the observed representations of its two immediate constituents. We explore the composition models proposed in the literature and also present a new, simple model that achieves the best performance on our dataset.
Approximate Dynamic Programming for Networks : Fluid Models and Constraint Reduction

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of using approximate linear programming (ALP) to compute nearly optimal average cost for multiclass queueing network control problems of moderate size. The method requires only solving an LP and approximates the differential cost by a linear form. Quadratics, certain exponential functions, piece-wise quadratic functions from fluid models, and other approximating functions are used. The ALP is made more tractable for these three types of functions by algebraically reducing the constraints to a smaller equivalent set. On examples with two to six buffers, bounds on average cost were 12 to 40% below optimal using quadratic approximating functions; error was reduced to 2 to 21% by using about twice as many approximating functions and can be reduced further by systematically adding functions. Although the size of the LP is exponential in the number of buffers, examples with up to 17 buffers and quadratic approximation are solved. For a given level of accuracy, the method requries much less computation than standard value iteration. Policies are also constructed from the ALP.
Dynamically Constrained One-Bit Transform for Motion Vector Estimation

The technique of motion vector estimation can remove the information of temporal redundancy to reduce the bit rate for video coding. Due to the great computation required in motion vector estimation, many simplified search algorithms have been proposed. In particular, one-bit transform scheme can significantly reduce the search complexity. This paper proposes a dynamic threshold scheme to form the binary images with respective to each macro-block images. Motion vectors are calculated through a series of Boolean operations, such as “XOR”, “AND”, and/or “OR”. The experimental results show that better improvement on the coding quality can be achieved.
Slim VM: optimistic partial program loading for connected embedded Java virtual machines

Embedded systems are inherently limited in terms of local storage capacity. This limitation conflicts with the demands of modern virtual machine platforms, which require large amounts of library code to be present on each client device. These conflicting requirements are often resolved by providing specialized embedded versions of the standard libraries, but even these stripped down libraries consume significant resources. We present a solution for "always connected" mobile devices that is based on a zero footprint paradigm. In our approach, all code resides on a remote host. Only those parts of applications and libraries that are likely to be needed are transferred to the mobile device. Since it is difficult to predict statically which library parts will be needed at runtime, we combine static analysis and lazy code loading to transfer code with a high likelihood of execution ahead of time while other code (such as exception code) remains on the remote host and is provided only on demand. This allows us to perform not only dead code elimination, but also aggressive elimination of cold (or potentially unused) code. The granularity of our approach is flexible all the way down to individual basic blocks. Our method achieves total code size reductions of up to 95%.
Interactional convergence in conversational storytelling: when reported speech is a cue of alignment and/or affiliation

This paper investigates how and when interactional convergence is established by participants in conversation. We analyze sequences of storytelling using an original method that combines Conversation Analysis and a corpus-based approach. In storytelling, the participant in the position of “listener” is expected to produce either generic or specific responses adapted to the storyteller's narrative. The listener's behavior produced within the current activity is a cue of his/her interactional alignment. We show here that the listener can produce a specific type of (aligned) response, which we term a reported speech utterance in echo. The participant who is not telling the story is nonetheless able to animate the characters, while reversing the usual asymmetric roles of storyteller and listener. The use of this device is a way for the listener to display his/her stance toward the events told by the storyteller. If the listener's stance is congruent with that of the storyteller, this reveals a high degree of affiliation between the participants. We present seventeen excerpts from a collection of 94 instances of Echo Reported Speech (ERS) which we examined using the concepts of alignment and affiliation in order to show how different kinds of convergent sequences are constructed. We demonstrate that this phenomenon is mainly used by the listener to align and affiliate with the storyteller by means of reformulative, enumerative, or overbidding ERS. We also show that in affiliative sequences, reported speech can be used by the listener in a humorous way in order to temporarily disalign. This disalignment constitutes a potential starting point for an oblique sequence, which, if accepted and continued by the storyteller, gives rise to a highly convergent sequence.
Immunogenicity of Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine Among Routinely Vaccinated Healthy and Chronically Ill Children in Assiut, Upper Egypt

Background Egypt is considered a region of the intermediate prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (4.5%). Seroprotection is assured when hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels are ≥ 10 mIU/mL. Our study aimed to evaluate and compare the long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of the recombinant hepatitis B (HB) vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional study was done for children aged from 9 months to 15 years, receiving health care at Assiut University Children’s Hospital, Assiut, Egypt in 3 months. HBsAb was quantitatively determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Results Seroprotection in infants less than 1 year was 89.7% with 55.2% having titer > 100 mIU/mL and this percent dropped to 64.4% after the first year of age with only 29% having titer > 100 mIU/mL. The overall protection percentage was 32.5% (> 100 mIU/mL), 34.7% of children showed levels between 10 and 100 mIU/mL, while 32.8% were less than 10 mIU/mL. Patients with diabetes mellitus were found to have the lowest seroprotective levels (83.3% were not protected). Non-protective levels were also detected in patients with malnutrition (55.6%), congenital heart diseases (43.2%) and chronic liver diseases (57.1%). Conclusion Our study shows failure to achieve satisfactory seroprotective levels for hepatitis B vaccine in both healthy and diseased children who adopted vaccination schedule in Upper Egypt. Booster dose in the second year of life is recommended for all children, particularly for those with diabetes millets, congenital heart disease and malnutrition.
Venus's evolution: A synthesis

Perhaps the most surprising result of the NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Magellan mission to Venus was the preservation of ~970 essentially pristine impact craters distributed in near-random fashion across the planet surface. The craters have been widely interpreted as evidence of near-global catastrophic volcanic resurfacing over 10–100 million years, ~500 million years ago. This view of Venus permeates textbooks and popular science, and is rarely questioned. The view of a catastrophically resurfaced Venus emerged relatively early in Magellan mission data analysis. We revisit the question of impact crater distribution and implications for Venus’s resurfacing and evolutionary processes using the wealth of observations that have emerged from ~15 years of Magellan data analysis. The widely cited nearglobal catastrophic volcanic resurfacing hypothesis, although initially compelling, does not stand up to the rigors of detailed geologic mapping and analysis. A separate but related hypothesis, the global stratigraphy hypothesis, deems that catastrophic resurfacing involved the emplacement of 1–3 km thick stacks of lava fl ows, which buried prefl ood craters across ~80% of Venus’s surface. However, geologic mapping indicates that thin, rather than thick, fl ows cover hypothesized prefl ood surfaces. In addition, the ~8% of the surface hypothesized as ancient prefl ood remnants in the global stratigraphy hypothesis, preserved in elevated plateaus, does not correlate spatially with Venus’s oldest surfaces as indicated by impact crater density and crater morphology. Finally, extensive lowland regions, representative of the hypothesized fl ooded surface, correlate with some of the oldest surfaces on the planet, contrary to hypothesis predictions. An alternative resurfacing hypothesis (the SPITTER hypothesis: Spatially Isolated Time-Transgressive Equilibrium Resurfacing), which combines aspects of previous hypotheses, calls for near-steady-state impact crater formation and destruction during a time of a globally thin lithosphere. Crater destruction occurred through time-integrated formation of numerous crustal plateaus, occurring in large local regions but punctuated in time and space. The SPITTER hypothesis does not depend on a particular mechanism of crustal plateau formation (whether by downwelling, E-mail: vhansen@d.umn. edu E-mail: duncan@ig.utexas. edu 256 Hansen and Young
Investigating the Correlation between Intention and Action in the Context of Social Engineering in Two Different National Cultures

In this paper, we shed a light on the intention-action relationship in the context of external behavioral information security threats. Specifically, external threats caused by employees' social engineering security actions were examined. This was done by examining the correlation between employees' reported intention to resist social engineering and their self-reported actions of hypothetical scenarios as well as observed action in a phishing experiment. Empirical studies including 1787 employees pertaining to six different organizations located in Sweden and USA laid the foundation for the statistical analysis. The results suggest that employees' intention to resist social engineering has a significant positive correlation of low to medium strength with both self-reported action and observed action. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between social engineering actions captured through written scenarios and a phishing experiment was identified. Due to data being collected from employees from two different national cultures, an exploration of potential moderating effect based on national culture was also performed. Based on this analysis we identified that the examined correlations differ between Swedish, and US employees. The findings have methodological contribution to survey studies in the information security field, showing that intention and self-reported behavior using written scenarios can be used as proxies of observed behavior under certain cultural contexts rather than others. Hence, the results support managers operating in a global environment when assessing external behavioral information security threats in their organization.
Motor Skill Competence and Perceived Motor Competence: Which Best Predicts Physical Activity among Girls?

Abstract Background The main purpose of this study was to determine which correlate, perceived motor competence or motor skill competence, best predicts girls’ physical activity behavior. Methods A sample of 352 girls (mean age=8.7, SD=0.3 yr) participated in this study. To assess motor skill competence and perceived motor competence, each child completed the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 and Physical Ability sub-scale of Marsh’s Self-Description Questionnaire. Children’s physical activity was assessed by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Multiple linear regression model was used to determine whether perceived motor competence or motor skill competence best predicts moderate-to-vigorous self-report physical activity. Results Multiple regression analysis indicated that motor skill competence and perceived motor competence predicted 21% variance in physical activity (R2=0.21, F=48.9, P=0.001), and motor skill competence (R2=0.15, ᵝ=0.33, P= 0.001) resulted in more variance than perceived motor competence (R2=0.06, ᵝ=0.25, P=0.001) in physical activity. Conclusion Results revealed motor skill competence had more influence in comparison with perceived motor competence on physical activity level. We suggest interventional programs based on motor skill competence and perceived motor competence should be administered or implemented to promote physical activity in young girls.
Catastrophic filter divergence in filtering nonlinear dissipative systems

Two types of filtering failure are the well known filter divergence where errors may exceed the size of the corresponding true chaotic attractor and the much more severe catastrophic filter divergence where solutions diverge to machine infinity in finite time. In this paper, we demon- strate that these failures occur in filtering the L-96 model, a nonlinear chaotic dissipative dynamical system with the absorbing ball property and quasi-Gaussian unimodal statistics. In particular, catas- trophic filter divergence occurs in suitable parameter regimes for an ensemble Kalman filter when the noisy turbulent true solution signal is partially observed at sparse regular spatial locations. With the above documentation, the main theme of this paper is to show that we can suppress the catastrophic filter divergence with a judicious model error strategy, that is, through a suitable linear stochastic model. This result confirms that the Gaussian assumption in the Kalman filter formulation, which is violated by most ensemble Kalman filters through the nonlinearity in the model, is a necessary condition to avoid catastrophic filter divergence. In a suitable range of chaotic regimes, adding model errors is not the best strategy when the true model is known. However, we find that there are several parameter regimes where the filtering performance in the presence of model errors with the stochastic model supersedes the performance in the perfect model simulation of the best ensemble Kalman filter considered here. Secondly, we also show that the advantage of the reduced Fourier domain filtering strategy (A. Majda and M. Grote, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 1124-1129, 2007), (E. Castronovo, J. Harlim and A. Majda, J. Comput. Phys., 227(7), 3678-3714, 2008), (J. Harlim and A. Majda, J. Comput. Phys., 227(10), 5304-5341, 2008) is not simply through its numerical efficiency, but significant filtering accuracy is also gained through ignoring the correlation between the appropriate Fourier coefficients when the sparse observations are available in regular space locations.
Limiting the Excess Broadcast in Multipath Routing Using Ant Colony Optimization

Single path routing in mobile adhoc network (MANET) suffers from frequent disconnections due to movement of nodes. So, multipath routing evolves as a solution to the single path routing. Many researchers are working on devising multipath routing protocols with new features and strategies. Ant colony optimization is also used by many investigators for developing new solutions for multipath routing in MANET. In this paper we have worked on controlling the broadcast being done by the intermediate nodes. We improved on our work done in Amanpreet Kaur et al. titled “ACO Agent Based Routing in AOMDV Environment” by making use of channel contention and backoff technique. We compared the newly designed algorithm with three broad categories unipath, multipath and ant based algorithm. The new algorithm performs better as compared with other algorithms on the basis of various QoS metrics like throughput, jitter, end to end delay, and number of packets send, lost in packets and delivery ratio.
Truncated Nambu-Poisson Bracket and Entropy Formula for Multiple Membranes

We show that there exists a cut-off version of Nambu-Poisson bracket which defines a finite dimensional Lie 3-algebra. The algebra still satisfies the fundamental identity and thus produces = 8 supersymmetric BLG type equation of motion for multiple M2 branes. By counting the number of the moduli and the degree of freedom, we derive an entropy formula which scales as N3/2 as expected for the multiple M2 branes.
Molecular and Cellular Pathways as a Target of Therapeutic Hypothermia: Pharmacological Aspect

Induced therapeutic hypothermia is the one of the most effective tools against brain injury and inflammation. Even though its beneficial effects are well known, there are a lot of pitfalls to overcome, since the potential adverse effects of systemic hypothermia are still troublesome. Without the knowledge of the precise mechanisms of hypothermia, it will be difficult to tackle the application of hypothermia in clinical fields. Better understanding of the characteristics and modes of hypothermic actions may further extend the usage of hypothermia by developing novel drugs based on the hypothermic mechanisms or by combining hypothermia with other therapeutic modalities such as neuroprotective drugs. In this review, we describe the potential therapeutic targets for the development of new drugs, with a focus on signal pathways, gene expression, and structural changes of cells. Theapeutic hypothermia has been shown to attenuate neuroinflammation by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory mediators in the central nervous system. Along with the mechanism-based drug targets, applications of therapeutic hypothermia in combination with drug treatment will also be discussed in this review.