Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Model Cooperative Script

A danya inovasi dalam model pembelajaran matematika yang bisa menumbuhkan minat siswa sehingga mampu meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sangat diperlukan . Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa adalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran cooperative script . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII yang menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperative script , yang menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung , dan ada atau tidak perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas VII yang menggunakan model pembelajaran coperative script dan yang menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung di SMP Negeri 15 Banjarmasin. P enelitian ini dirancang dan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen , dengan populasi adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 15 Banjarmasin . Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas VII A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VII C sebagai kelas kontrol . Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dengan menggunakan model cooperative script pada siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 15 Banjarmasin termasuk kualifikasi baik, sedangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung pada siswa kelas VII C SMP Negeri 15 Banjarmasin termasuk kualifikasi kurang. H asil uji hipotesis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran coperative script dan yang menggunakan model pembelajaran langsung. Kata kunci : Model cooperative script , kemampuan pemecahan masalah.
Who influence the music tastes of adolescents?: a study on interpersonal influence in social networks

Research on music information behavior demonstrates that people rely primarily on others to discover new music. This paper reports on a qualitative study aiming at exploring more in-depth how music information circulates within the social networks of late adolescents and the role the different people involved in the process play. In-depth interviews were conducted with 19 adolescents (15-17 years old). The analysis revealed that music opinion leaders showed eagerness to share music information, tended to seek music information on an ongoing basis, and were perceived as being more knowledgeable than others in music. It was found that the ties that connected participants to opinion leaders were predominantly strong ties, which suggests that trustworthiness is an important component of credibility. These findings could potentially help identify new avenues for the improvement of music recommender systems.
The effects of navigation tools on the navigability of web-based information systems

In recent years, a number of approaches to improve the overall navigability of web-based information systems have been introduced -- breadcrumbs and automatic linking algorithms represent two exemplary approaches. While evaluation of such approaches is a complex and multidimensional endeavor, involving cognitive, user-interface and other issues, the objective of this paper are more modest. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of different navigational aids for web information systems from a network-theoretic perspective. The main idea of this paper is to use decentralized search as a mechanism to evaluate navigational effectiveness. In our experiments on the largest Austrian online encyclopedia Austria-Forum, we compared the usefulness of two existing approaches to linking, i.e. breadcrumbs and automatic linking. Our results suggest that different navigational aids differ significantly with regard to their potential to support efficient navigation. The main contribution of this paper is a simulation-based framework that enriches the repertoire of tools for web engineers who are aiming to evaluate and improve navigability of web information systems. The framework allows engineers to assess a potential usefulness of various navigational tools even before expensive development or user studies are carried out.
Relationship between psychopathic traits and response to induced psychosocial stress

O estudo da psicopatia reveste-se de imensa importância dado o impacto doscomportamentos psicopaticos na sociedade. A compreensao dos seus mecanismossubjacentes tem vindo a ganhar prominencia com diversa investigacao e a baixa reatividadeao stress e um dos componentes que surge associado a psicopatia.O presente estudo examinou a relacao entre os tracos fenotipicos da psicopatia, deacordo com o Modelo Triarquico (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009), e a resposta ao stress,atraves da inducao de stress psicossocial com o Trier Social Stress Test (Kirschbaum, Pirke,& Hellhammer, 1993). Foi examinado em que medida pontuacoes mais altas de psicopatiae, particularmente, pontuacoes maiores do traco Ousadia, eram responsaveis por uma menorreatividade, bem como uma maior habituacao, ao stress induzido.Vinte e quatro homens saudaveis da comunidade, com uma media de idades de 23.7(18 - 33) anos, foram confrontados com o mesmo stressor duas vezes, com oito dias deintervalo. Em ambas as sessoes, o nivel de stress foi avaliado pela resposta cardiovascular,atraves da frequencia cardiaca (atividade simpatica) e variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca(atividade parassimpatica), endocrina (cortisol salivar) e psicologica (ansiedade-estadopercebida) na linha de base, durante e apos a tarefa.Pontuacoes maiores e menores de psicopatia total apresentaram uma magnitude deresposta de frequencia cardiaca diferente na segunda exposicao ao stressor. Pontuacao maisalta de Ousadia foi preditora de uma maior variabilidade de frequencia cardiaca na primeiraexposicao ao stressor, mas nao na segunda. Ansiedade-estado percebida mostrou umaumento acentuado durante a primeira inducao de stress, em todos os participantes, mas estesvalores habituaram na segunda sessao. Valores mais altos de Ousadia foram associados auma ansiedade-estado percebida reduzida na segunda, embora nao na primeira, exposicaoao stressor.As implicacoes destes resultados sao discutidas, nomeadamente o reconhecimentodo papel da Ousadia como traco influente dentro do construto da psicopatia.
A Rule-Based Decision Support System in Intelligent Hazmat Transportation System

This paper develops a new rule-based decision support system (RB-DSS) to find the safest solutions for routing, scheduling, and assignment in Hazmat transportation management. To define the safe program in RB-DSS, the accident frequency and severity are estimated for different scenarios of transportation, and they are used to classify the scenarios by a new structure of decision tree (DT), which is proposed to select branching variables at the primary levels according to the experts' perception. The outputs of the DT are stated in the form of if-then rules trained by a multilayer perceptron neural network to generalize the safe programs for Hazmat transportation. To illustrate the performance of this approach, the UK road accident data set is used.
Automated hardware-independent scenario identification

Scenario-based design exploits the time-varying execution behavior of applications by dynamically adapting the system on which they run. This is a particularly interesting design methodology for media applications with soft realtime constraints such as decoders: frames can be classified into scenarios based on their decode complexity, and the system can be configured on a per-scenario basis such that energy consumption is reduced while still meeting the deadlines. At the foundation of scenario-based design lies the ability to identify scenarios, or recurring modes of operation with similar run time characteristics. There are two opposite ends to scenario identification. Some researchers have proposed techniques that, based on domain knowledge, identify hardware-independent scenarios in a media input stream. At the other end, other researchers have proposed techniques that identify hardware-dependent scenarios in a (semi-) automated way. This paper proposes a scenario identification approach that bridges both opposite ends, and finds hardware-independent scenarios in an automated way. It does so by computing execution profiles on a per-frame basis that capture the application's code execution patterns. We find that edge vectors (EVs) are more accurate than basic block vectors (BBVs) at capturing the variation in frame-level decode complexity. The complexity of the proposed automated scenario identification is comparable to existing hardware-dependent scenario identification approaches, yet the scenarios can be used across hardware implementations.
Who Buys What? How Integration Capability Affects Acquisition Incidence and Target Choice

Firms differ in their integration capability, which is the ability to absorb and manage businesses on a continuing basis. We expect integration capability heterogeneity to influence acquisition strategy by profit-seeking firms, affecting both their propensity to acquire and the types of businesses that they target. We argue that a firm's integration capability increases with its product line scope and test two hypotheses: (I) firms with greater existing product line scope are more likely to be acquirers; and (2) firms with greater product line scope are more likely to purchase product lines that they already operate. Data from the US medical sector between 1978 and 1995 support hypothesis I . We then find that all firms tended to purchase product lines that they did not previously operate, but, consistent with hypothesis 2, that firms with greater product line scope made acquisitions that had greater overlap with their existing product lines. The results are analogous with the biological observation that the most successful predators are better able to target desirable prey as well as being better able to overpower the prey they target.
Compiling Higher-Order Polymorphic Hardware Descriptions Into Parametrised VHDL Libraries with Flexible Placement Information

We present a framework for generating parameterised high-performance IP library cores from high level descriptions. Our system is based around the Quartz language which provides advanced features such as polymorphism, overloading, higher-order combinators and formal reasoning while supporting precise and flexible control of layout for efficient FPGA design and compiling into parameterised VHDL libraries. We illustrate the application of our system to the design of several example circuits; placement constraints generated by our system can increase clock frequency by up to 25% and can also reduce area. Quartz placement information is flexible, allowing us to easily describe placed circuits which can be compacted when specialised for particular input values. We describe a self-specialising multiplier which adjusts component locations when some input bits are known; this multiplier can be easily integrated into larger circuits such as FIR filters or matrix multipliers
To Automate or Not to Automate, That Is the Question: A Research Framework for the Integration of Computer-Based Training in IS Curricula

Due to highly publicized school rankings, an increased number of corporate universities, and the proliferation of distance learning options, IS educators are under considerable pressure to improve their levels of efficiency. Automated learning systems such as Computer-Based Training (CBT) and interactive videos could significantly enhance the efficiency of IS education. However, many researchers and educators are skeptical of the pedagogical effectiveness of automated instruction, claiming that computers are no substitute for human instructors. Because of this skepticism, the use of automated learning systems in IS education still remains controversial. To promote systematic research on the effectiveness of automated learning systems, I address in this paper this skepticism about automated instruction. In particular, I present a contingency framework for investigating the effectiveness of automated learning systems. The basic premise is that automated learning systems do not need to be effective in all situations to be deemed useful. If these systems are used for those situations in which they are most effective, the gains in efficiencies, especially in terms of instructors’ time, could be redirected to other teaching and research activities. Hence, I argue that systematic research should be conducted to identify the contingencies for which automated learning systems could be effectively used in IS curricula. Citation: Chung, W.Y. (2002), “To Automate Or Not To Automate, That Is the Question: A Research Framework for the Integration of Computer-Based Training in IS Curricula,” Sprouts: Working Papers on Information Environments. Systems and Organizations, Volume 2, Issue 2 (Spring), pp 59-70,. http://sprouts.case. edu/2002/020206.pdf Copyright © 2005 WooYoung Chung. All rights reserved. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage and that copies bear this copyright notice and a full citation. Abstracting with credit is permitted. Written permission from the authors and possibly a fee are required prior to making any other use of this material. CHUNG/TO AUTOMATE OR NOT TO AUTOMATE To Automate or Not to Automate, That is the Question: A Research Framework for the Integration of Computer-Based Training in IS Curricula
Multilingual Akshar Based Transducer for South and South East Asian Languages which Use Indic Scripts

Akshar is an orthographic unit in Indic scripts. In this paper, we show how this unit can be the basis of processing text in languages using Indic scripts. These languages are spoken by over a billion people. We describe a method for multilingual lexicon compilation in the form of an akshar based transducer. This method exploits the similarities among Indic scripts as well as a large overlap among the vocabularies of these languages. Apart from compression, this transducer also has the advantage that it can be used for many multilingual and crosslingual applications, some of which we briefly describe in this paper.
An Automatable Analytical Algorithm for Structure-Based Protein Functional Annotation via Detection of Specific Ligand 3D Binding Sites: Application to ATP (ser/thr Protein Kinases) and GTP (Small Ras-type G-Proteins) Binding Sites

We have developed an analytical, ligand-specific and scalable algorithm that detects a "signature" of the 3D binding site of a given ligand in a protein 3D structure. The said signature is a 3D motif in the form of an irregular tetrahedron whose vertices represent the backbone or side-chain centroids of the amino acid residues at the binding site that physically interact with the bound ligand atoms. The motif is determined from a set of solved training structures, all of which bind the ligand. Just as alignment of linear amino acid sequences enables one to determine consensus sequences in proteins, the present method allows the determination of three-dimensional consensus structures or "motifs" in folded proteins. Although such is accomplished by the present method not by alignment of 3D protein structures or parts thereof (e.g., alignment of ligand atoms from different structures) but by nearest-neighbor analysis of ligand atoms in protein-bound forms, the same effect, and thus the same goal, is achieved. We have applied our method to the prediction of GTP- and ATP-binding protein families, namely, the small Ras-type G-protein and ser/thr protein kinase families. Validation tests reveal that the specificity of our method is nearly 100% for both protein families, and a sensitivity of greater than 60% for the ser/thr protein kinase family and approx. 93% for the small, Ras-type G-protein family. Further tests reveal that our algorithm can distinguish effectively between GTP and GTP-like ligands, and between ATP- and ATP-like ligands. The method was applied to a set of predicted (by 123D threading) protein structures from the slime mold (D. dictyostelium) proteome, with promising results.
Virtual sensors and data fusion in a multi-level context computing architecture

Computing context is a major subject of interest in smart homes. In this paper, we present how we adapted a general purpose multi-level architecture for the computation of contextual data to a prototype of smart home. After a quick explanation of why we use different methods at different levels of abstraction, we focus more on the low-level data fusion. To do this, we present the basics of belief functions theory and how we apply this theory to sensors to obtain stable abstractions. By doing this, we highlight the major problem appearing when processing directly sensor measures. We respond to this problem by introducing an abstraction of sensors we call virtual sensors. Some examples of virtual sensors are given.
A solution to the watermark detection problem based on Bayesian estimation and EM algorithm

We have recently discussed digital watermarking techniques based on modifying the spectral coefficient of an image, and have presented a model of the watermark embedding and extracting processes and a model of watermark distortion caused by image processing and attack of watermarked images. In this paper, based on these models, we formulate the watermark detection problem as a kind of blind deconvolution problem. Then, as a solution to this problem, we propose a watermark detection method using Bayesian estimation and EM algorithm.
On singular Poisson Sternberg spaces

We obtain a theory of stratified Sternberg spaces thereby extending the theory of cotangent bundle reduction for free actions to the singular case where the action on the base manifold consists of only one orbit type. We find that the symplectic reduced spaces are stratified topological fiber bundles over the cotangent bundle of the orbit space. We also obtain a Poisson stratification of the Sternberg space. To construct the singular Poisson Sternberg space we develop an appropriate theory of singular connections for proper group actions on a single orbit type manifold including a theory of holonomy extending the usual Ambrose-Singer theorem for principal bundles.
Different patterns of insulin resistance in relatives of type 1 diabetic patients with retinopathy or nephropathy: the Genesis France-Belgium Study.

OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance may be a risk factor for diabetic microangiopathy, which may have a familial component. We carried out a family-based study to determine which components of the insulin resistance syndrome are associated with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Genesis France-Belgium Study is a multicenter binational study designed to investigate the genetic factors involved in the microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes using a family-based design. Probands were type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (classified as background, preproliferative, or proliferative) and possibly diabetic nephropathy (absent, incipient, established, or advanced). The insulin resistance score of their first-degree relatives was calculated according to their BMI and history of arterial hypertension, lipid disorders, and type 2 diabetes. RESULTS The insulin resistance score of relatives was positively correlated with the albumin excretion rate (P = 0.0009) and fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.0003) and HbA(1c) (P < 0.0001) concentrations. This score was higher in the relatives of probands with than in those without diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.0370). Similarly, it was higher in relatives of subjects with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than in those of probands without, even after controlling for subjects with versus without diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.0379). However, the components of the insulin resistance score in relatives differed according to the severity of diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy in the probands. Obesity and history of arterial hypertension were most common in relatives of probands with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, whereas obesity and history of lipid disorders were most common in the relatives of probands with diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS Familial insulin resistance segregates with diabetic complications: lipid disorders and obesity segregate with diabetic nephropathy, whereas arterial hypertension and obesity segregate with diabetic retinopathy.
MILIS: Multiple Instance Learning with Instance Selection

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a paradigm in supervised learning that deals with the classification of collections of instances called bags. Each bag contains a number of instances from which features are extracted. The complexity of MIL is largely dependent on the number of instances in the training data set. Since we are usually confronted with a large instance space even for moderately sized real-world data sets applications, it is important to design efficient instance selection techniques to speed up the training process without compromising the performance. In this paper, we address the issue of instance selection in MIL. We propose MILIS, a novel MIL algorithm based on adaptive instance selection. We do this in an alternating optimization framework by intertwining the steps of instance selection and classifier learning in an iterative manner which is guaranteed to converge. Initial instance selection is achieved by a simple yet effective kernel density estimator on the negative instances. Experimental results demonstrate the utility and efficiency of the proposed approach as compared to the state of the art.
Robust ranking models via risk-sensitive optimization

Many techniques for improving search result quality have been proposed. Typically, these techniques increase average effectiveness by devising advanced ranking features and/or by developing sophisticated learning to rank algorithms. However, while these approaches typically improve average performance of search results relative to simple baselines, they often ignore the important issue of robustness. That is, although achieving an average gain overall, the new models often hurt performance on many queries. This limits their application in real-world retrieval scenarios. Given that robustness is an important measure that can negatively impact user satisfaction, we present a unified framework for jointly optimizing effectiveness and robustness. We propose an objective that captures the tradeoff between these two competing measures and demonstrate how we can jointly optimize for these two measures in a principled learning framework. Experiments indicate that ranking models learned this way significantly decreased the worst ranking failures while maintaining strong average effectiveness on par with current state-of-the-art models.
Research Paper No . 2008 / 22 Globalization and Formal Sector Migration in Brazil

We use novel linked employer–employee data to study the relationship between globalization and formal sector interstate migration for Brazil. We estimate the worker’s multichoice migration problem and document that previously unobserved employer covariates are significant predictors associated with migration flows. Our results provide support for the idea that globalization acts on internal migration through the growth of employment opportunities at locations with a high concentration of foreign owned establishments and the stability of employment at exporting establishments. A 1 per cent increase in the concentration of foreign owned establishments at potential migration destinations is associated with a 0.2 percentage point increase in the migration rate, and a 1 per cent increase in exporter employment predicts a 0.2 percentage point reduced probability of migration.