Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PSEFminer: A new probabilistic subspace ensemble framework for cancer microarray data analysis

In order to perform successful diagnosis and treatment of cancer, discovering and classifying cancer types correctly is essential. Most of the existing works adopt single clustering algorithms to perform class discovery from bio-molecular data. Unfortunately, single clustering algorithms have limitations, which are lack of the robustness, stableness and accuracy. In this paper, we develop a new probabilistic subspace ensemble framework known as PSEFminer for cancer microarray data analysis. PSEFminer integrates the probabilistic subspace generator, the self-organizing map(SOM) and the normalized cut algorithm into the ensemble framework to discover the underlying structure from cancer microarray data. The experiments in cancer datasets show that (i) the probabilistic subspace generator plays an important role to improve the performance of PSEFminer; (ii) PSEFminer outperforms most of the state-of-the-art cluster ensemble algorithms when applied to cancer gene expression data
Option Valuation Formula for General Garch-in-Mean Models

We derive option pricing formulas based on general GARCH-M models by using risk-neutral arguments. These formulas are beautiful in nature and realistic for applications. We propose a parameter estimation procedure and employ Monte Carlo method to evaluate the price. Demonstrations of these formulas applying to S&P 500 index options are shown. Empirical evidence suggests that both in U.S. stock market and Chinese financial market the performances of these theoretical pricing formulas are better than the results via Black-Scholes' pricing formula with constant volatility.
How and when matter: Exploring the interaction effects of high‐performance work systems, employee participation, and human capital on organizational innovation

Existing research on the relationship between high‐performance work systems (HPWS) and organizational innovation has paid insufficient attention to the boundary effects of employee participation and human capital. Bridging the human resource management (HRM) and employment relations literature, this study contributes to the contingency view of HRM and China‐specific research by investigating how human capital and employee participation, direct voice mechanism, and corporate governance participation jointly moderate the relationship between HPWS and organizational innovation. We test our three‐way interaction model using a sample of 108 firms and 1,250 employees in China. The results suggest that HPWS are positively associated with organizational innovation when employees with relatively less human capital are coupled with more direct voice mechanism or less corporate governance participation. In contrast, HPWS are negatively related to organizational innovation when employees possessing greater human capital are coupled with more direct voice mechanism. The theoretical and managerial implications and future research directions are discussed.
Psychosocial interventions for self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in children and young people: What? How? Who? and Where?

We reviewed the evidence for the effectiveness of indicated individual psychosocial interventions for the treatment of self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in children and young people, with a particular emphasis on the emerging use of electronic methods to deliver psychological interventions. In total, 16 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were identified, none of which included children under the age of 12 years. Cognitive–behavioural therapy is the most commonly implemented approach in RCTs until now, although problem-solving therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, social support and distal support methods by provision of a green card and regular receipt of postcards have also been investigated. Young people have been recruited into RCTs within schools, outpatient clinics, emergency departments and inpatient facilities. Face-to-face delivery of therapy has dominated the intervention trials thus far; however, the use of the internet, social media and mobile devices to deliver interventions to young people and other family members allows for a more novel approach to suicide prevention in youth going forward.
Crystal structure of afadin PDZ domain–nectin‐3 complex shows the structural plasticity of the ligand‐binding site

Afadin, a scaffold protein localized in adherens junctions (AJs), links nectins to the actin cytoskeleton. Nectins are the major cell adhesion molecules of AJs. At the initial stage of cell–cell junction formation, the nectin–afadin interaction plays an indispensable role in AJ biogenesis via recruiting and tethering other components. The afadin PDZ domain (AFPDZ) is responsible for binding the cytoplasmic C‐terminus of nectins. AFPDZ is a class II PDZ domain member, which prefers ligands containing a class II PDZ‐binding motif, X‐Φ‐X‐Φ (Φ, hydrophobic residues); both nectins and other physiological AFPDZ targets contain this class II motif. Here, we report the first crystal structure of the AFPDZ in complex with the nectin‐3 C‐terminal peptide containing the class II motif. We engineered the nectin‐3 C‐terminal peptide and AFPDZ to produce an AFPDZ–nectin‐3 fusion protein and succeeded in obtaining crystals of this complex as a dimer. This novel dimer interface was created by forming an antiparallel β sheet between β2 strands. A major structural change compared with the known AFPDZ structures was observed in the α2 helix. We found an approximately 2.5 Å‐wider ligand‐binding groove, which allows the PDZ to accept bulky class II ligands. Apparently, the last three amino acids of the nectin‐3 C‐terminus were sufficient to bind AFPDZ, in which the two hydrophobic residues are important.
Intensity Classification Accuracy of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activities in Chinese Children and Youth

Purpose: Many ActiGraph accelerometer cutoff points and equations have been developed to classify children and youth's physical activity (PA) into different intensity levels. Using a sample from the Chinese City Children and Youth Physical Activity Study, this study was to develop new ActiGraph cutoff points for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) for Chinese children and youth and to compare the classification accuracy to that of a set of existing cutoff points. Method: A total of 367 Chinese children and youth (179 boys, 188 girls, ages 9–17 years old) had their resting metabolic rate measured and completed six 5-min treadmill walking/running tests (tested at different speeds: 3 km·h− 1, 4 km·h− 1, 5 km·h− 1, 6 km·h− 1, 7 km·h− 1, and 8 km·h− 1), one unit of the 3rd broadcast gymnastics (Version 3, Xi-Wang-Feng-Fan and Wu-Dong-Qing-Chun), and 2 sets of table tennis exercises (continuous attack and multiple balls). Participants wore 1 ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer on their right hip during each test, and their oxygen consumption and heart rate (HR) were measured using Cosmed K4b2 and Polar HR transmitter. The participants were randomly divided into a calibration group (n = 331, 90%) and a cross-validation group (n = 36, 10%). Using the receiver-operating characteristic curve, the data from the calibration group were used to determine the cutoff points for MVPA and VPA. Using the data from the cross-validation group, classification accuracy of different cutoff points was evaluated through kappa statistics, sensitivity, and specificity. Results: A set of new cutoff points of counts per minute (CPM) was generated using the calibration data, and these cutoff points were proven to be more accurate compared with those developed in previous studies. Conclusion: When using ActiGraph accelerometers to measure the Chinese children and youth's PA, we recommended using the cutoff points of CPM ≥ 2,800 to define MVPA and CPM ≥ 4,000 for VPA.
Genetic Determinants of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis among HIV-Infected Patients in Nigeria

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a growing problem in resource-limited settings. Adequate infrastructure for testing drug sensitivity and sufficient evidence of first-line resistance are currently unavailable in Nigeria. We collected sputum samples from HIV-infected patients enrolled in the Harvard PEPFAR/APIN Plus program over 12 months at two PEPFAR antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics in the southwest and north central regions in Nigeria. Smear-positive sputum samples were submitted for GenoType MTBDRplus testing (n = 415); mutations were confirmed through sequencing. Our results show high rates of DR-TB in Nigerian HIV-infected individuals (7.0% for rifampin [RIF] and 9.3% for RIF or isoniazid [INH]). Total RIF resistance indicative of MDR-TB in treatment-naive patients was 5.52%, far exceeding the World Health Organization predictions (0 to 4.3%). RIF resistance was found in 6/213 (2.8%) cases, INH resistance was found in 3/215 (1.4%) cases, and MDR-TB was found in 8/223 (3.6%) cases. We found significantly different amounts of DR-TB by location (18.18% in the south of the country versus 3.91% in the north central region [P < 0.01]). Furthermore, RIF resistance was genetically distinct, suggesting possible location-specific strains are responsible for the transmission of drug resistance (P < 0.04). Finally, GenoType MTBDRplus correctly identified the drug-resistant samples compared to sequencing in 96.8% of cases. We found that total DR-TB in HIV-infection is high and that transmission of drug-resistant TB in HIV-infected patients in Nigeria is higher than predicted.
Using the Johns Hopkins Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) to Predict Mortality in a General Adult Population Cohort in Ontario, Canada

BackgroundAdministrative healthcare databases are increasingly used for health services and comparative effectiveness research. When comparing outcomes between different treatments, interventions, or exposures, the ability to adjust for differences in the risk of the outcome occurring between treatment groups is important. Similarly, when conducting healthcare provider profiling, adequate risk-adjustment is necessary for conclusions about provider performance to be valid. There are limited validated methods for risk adjustment in ambulatory populations using administrative healthcare databases. ObjectivesTo examine the ability of the Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) to predict mortality in a general ambulatory population cohort. Research DesignRetrospective cohort constructed using population-based administrative data. SubjectsAll 10,498,413 residents of Ontario, Canada between the ages of 20 and 100 years who were alive on their birthday in 2007. Subjects were randomly divided into derivation and validation samples. MeasuresDeath within 1 year of the subject's birthday in 2007. ResultsA logistic regression model consisting of age, sex, and indicator variables for 28 of the 32 ADG categories had excellent discrimination: the c-statistic (equivalent to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) was 0.917 in both derivation and validation samples. Furthermore, the model showed very good calibration. In comparison, the use of the Charlson comorbidity index or the Elixhauser comorbidities resulted in a minor decrease in discrimination compared with the use of the ADGs. ConclusionsLogistic regression models using age, sex, and the John Hopkins ADGs were able to accurately predict 1-year mortality in a general ambulatory population of subjects.
Stock Splits: A Reevaluation

In theory, stocks splits do not affect a firm’s aggregate market value. Yet, firms often split their stocks to keep the price in a desired trading range and, perhaps, to make the stock more affordable to individual investors. Past studies have been inconclusive about whether shareholder returns are affected and whether the effects, if any, are due to affordability or signaling. Using fresh data, all since the decimalization of prices, the author finds positive effects on shareholder returns, but not because splits make stocks more affordable. The more compelling argument is that corporate stock splits signal a board’s confidence in the company’s prospects. For exchange-traded funds and other funds, there is little evidence that shareholders benefit from splits or are more attracted to funds after they split. TOPICS: Security analysis and valuation, exchange-traded funds and applications, performance measurement
Opinions of International Students on Choosing a State University in a Developing Country

In this study, factors affecting the college choice of international students (CCIS) are investigated based on the opinions of international students at a state university (Anadolu University) in Turkey. A case study design is employed and opinions of students are analyzed in accordance with whether they are scholarship or non-scholarship students. In the findings, three main themes emerge; intent to study abroad, choosing to study in Turkey, and choosing to study at Anadolu University. These themes cover several factors affecting the CCIS. In this regard, there are no critical differences between the factors affecting the opinions of scholarship and non-scholarship students. However, some factors could differentiate in accordance with the background characteristics of the students and whether they are from high-income or non-high-income countries.
Everolimus Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil in Heart Transplantation: A Randomized, Multicenter Trial

In an open‐label, 24‐month trial, 721 de novo heart transplant recipients were randomized to everolimus 1.5 mg or 3.0 mg with reduced‐dose cyclosporine, or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 3 g/day with standard‐dose cyclosporine (plus corticosteroids ± induction). Primary efficacy endpoint was the 12‐month composite incidence of biopsy‐proven acute rejection, acute rejection associated with hemodynamic compromise, graft loss/retransplant, death or loss to follow‐up. Everolimus 1.5 mg was noninferior to MMF for this endpoint at month 12 (35.1% vs. 33.6%; difference 1.5% [97.5% CI: –7.5%, 10.6%]) and month 24. Mortality to month 3 was higher with everolimus 1.5 mg versus MMF in patients receiving rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) induction, mainly due to infection, but 24‐month mortality was similar (everolimus 1.5 mg 10.6% [30/282], MMF 9.2% [25/271]). Everolimus 3.0 mg was terminated prematurely due to higher mortality. The mean (SD) 12‐month increase in maximal intimal thickness was 0.03 (0.05) mm with everolimus 1.5 mg versus 0.07 (0.11) mm with MMF (p < 0.001). Everolimus 1.5 mg was inferior to MMF for renal function but comparable in patients achieving predefined reduced cyclosporine trough concentrations. Nonfatal serious adverse events were more frequent with everolimus 1.5 mg versus MMF. Everolimus 1.5 mg with reduced‐dose cyclosporine offers similar efficacy to MMF with standard‐dose cyclosporine and reduces intimal proliferation at 12 months in de novo heart transplant recipients.
Translating and the Computer 29 , November 2007 ] A Free Terminology Extraction Suite

In this paper we will present a set of terminology extraction tools that are distributed under a Free Software License, so that users can freely download, use, distribute and modify them to meet their needs. The tools are mainly programmed in Perl and they will work under different platforms, such as Windows or Linux. These terminology extraction tools will help freelance translators, translation agencies and companies to find the best translation of a term or to build monolingual or multilingual terminological glossaries. Moreover, translators, correctors and terminologists can use The Free Terminology Extraction Suite to create a terminological database for a specialist domain so as to automatically obtain a list of domain-specific lexical units (potential terms) with their equivalent translations from bilingual corpora of domain-specific documents.
Enhanced Purification of Ubiquitinated Proteins by Engineered Tandem Hybrid Ubiquitin-binding Domains (ThUBDs)*

Ubiquitination is one of the most common post-translational modifications, regulating protein stability and function. However, the proteome-wide profiling of ubiquitinated proteins remains challenging due to their low abundance in cells. In this study, we systematically evaluated the affinity of ubiquitin-binding domains (UBDs) to different types of ubiquitin chains. By selecting UBDs with high affinity and evaluating various UBD combinations with different lengths and types, we constructed two artificial tandem hybrid UBDs (ThUBDs), including four UBDs made of DSK2p-derived ubiquitin-associated (UBA) and ubiquilin 2-derived UBA (ThUDQ2) and of DSK2p-derived UBA and RABGEF1-derived A20-ZnF (ThUDA20). ThUBD binds to ubiquitinated proteins, with markedly higher affinity than naturally occurring UBDs. Furthermore, it displays almost unbiased high affinity to all seven lysine-linked chains. Using ThUBD-based profiling with mass spectrometry, we identified 1092 and 7487 putative ubiquitinated proteins from yeast and mammalian cells, respectively, of which 362 and 1125 proteins had ubiquitin-modified sites. These results demonstrate that ThUBD is a refined and promising approach for enriching the ubiquitinated proteome while circumventing the need to overexpress tagged ubiquitin variants and use antibodies to recognize ubiquitin remnants, thus providing a readily accessible tool for the protein ubiquitination research community.
The Effects of Stakeholder Integration on Firm‐Level Product Innovativeness: Insights from Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises in Ghana

In spite of growing research on the influence of external stakeholders on firm outcomes, there is a paucity of research on how they influence innovation in emerging economies. In addition, the specific environmental factors that may influence the effect of stakeholder integration (SI) on firm innovation is less understood. Using data collected from 248 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana, this paper develops and tests a model that examines the relationship between SI and firm-level product innovativeness. The findings from the study indicate SI positively relates to product innovativeness. Moreover, under conditions of higher competitor pressure and greater customer expectations, the effect of SI on product innovativeness is amplified. Contributions for theory and practice are discussed.
Effect of remote ischemic preconditioning on myocardial and renal injury: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of remote ischemic precondition (RIPC) on the incidence of myocardial and renal injury in patients undergoing cardiovascular interventions as measured by biomarkers. Clinical data were pooled to evaluate the usefulness of RIPC to benefit clinical outcomes. BACKGROUND Debate exists regarding the merit of using RIPC for patients undergoing cardiovascular interventions. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective randomized clinical trials of patients undergoing cardiovascular interventions who received RIPC versus control were performed. Two independent reviewers selected articles from MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane, ISI Web of Science, and BIREME, and through hand search of relevant reviews and meeting abstracts upon agreement. Surrogate markers of myocardial (troponin T or I and CK-MB) and renal (serum creatinine) injury for primary outcomes were abstracted. RESULTS Final pooled analysis from 17 clinical trials showed significant heterogeneity of results and no relevant publication bias. Patients receiving RIPC had lower levels of markers of myocardial injury in the first few days after surgery (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.01 to -0.08; P=.01) with highly heterogeneous results (I2 = 93%). A lower incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (7.9% RIPC vs 13.9% placebo; RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37-0.84; P=.005; I2 = 0%) was also noted. In patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, RIPC when compared to control also decreased renal injury (SMD, 0.28; 95% CI, -0.49 to -0.08; P=.007; I2 = 51%). CONCLUSIONS RIPC appears to be associated with a favorable effect on serological markers of myocardial and renal injury during cardiovascular interventions. Larger trials should be conducted to substantiate this initial impression.
Cytoskeletal changes in the hippocampus following restraint stress: Role of serotonin and microtubules

The aetiology of depression is associated with depletion in central levels of serotonin (5‐HT). Hence, a major effect of antidepressant drugs is to increase synaptic 5‐HT levels. Stressful conditions have also been shown to affect neuronal plasticity and 5‐HT neurotransmission in the hippocampus. Neuronal plasticity, which is typically referred to as a structural adaptation of neurons to functional requirements, requires more dynamic forms of microtubules (cytoskeletal component). The α‐tubulin, which is the major component of microtubules, can be postranslationally modified and both the tyrosinated (tyr‐tub) and acetylated (acet‐tub) forms are considered markers of more dynamic or more stable microtubules, respectively. The aim of the present work was to investigate the expression of tyr‐tub and acet‐tub in the hippocampus of rats submitted to either acute (6 h for 1 day) or sub‐chronic (6 h for 4 days every day) restraint stress. In addition, ex vivo hippocampal 5‐HT levels were monitored by differential pulse voltammetry to analyse the influence of both stress conditions upon 5‐HT levels. Our results showed that the expression of tyr‐tub in the hippocampus was significantly decreased to 70 ± 7% following sub‐chronic restraint stress (P < 0.01). In contrast, acute and sub‐chronic restraint stress increased the hippocampal expression of acet‐tub to 139 ± 11% and 145 ± 11% of control, respectively. Finally, 5‐HT levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) to 142 ± 15% and 135 ± 11% following acute and sub‐chronic restraint stress, respectively. The stress‐induced cytoskeletal changes observed in the present study suggest that the microtubular network is a potential new pathway that may increase our understanding of stress‐related events. Synapse 49:188–194, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Study of Monoamine Metabolism in Human Epilepsy

ABSTRACT: Fourteen patients with intractable epilepsy underwent surgical resection of their epileptogenic focus. Hippocampal and temporal cortical samples were obtained, and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in actively spiking temporal cortex were 0.454 ± 0.012 ng/mg (mean ± SEM), contrasting with less actively spiking cortex values of 0.248 ± 0.042 ng/mg and normal literature values, obtained from post-mortem material, of 0.140 ± 0.050 ng/mg. Similarly, homovanillic acid (NVA) levels were significantly increased in epileptic tissue compared to normal literature values. Actively spiking cortex values were 0.172 ± 0.001 pg/mg, less active cortex values were 0.058 ±0.012 pg/mg, and literature values were 0.011 ± 0.002 pg/mg. Although a direct statistical comparison between the data reported here and literature values may not be valid, the findings show a continuum from normal through increasingly active electrode sites, likely reflecting a true biologic phenomena. Similarly, statistically significant increases in 5-HIAA and HVA levels were found in hippocampal tissue, which also showed significantly lower dihydroxyphenylacetic acid levels. We conclude that raised levels of serotonin and dopamine metabolites in actively spiking cortex likely reflect an increase in their turnover, and are an epileptic epiphenomenon. Exaggeration of turnover may represent the “metabolic noise” of epilepsy, rather than a concerted strategy of local or distal neurons to contain an epileptogenic focus.