Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visual Inspection for Fired Ceramic Tile’s Surface Defects using Wavelet Analysis

This paper deals with the visual inspection of ceramic’s tiles surfaces for the purpose of detecting flaws using a wavelet approach. Surface defects in the ceramic tiles are viewed as in-homogeneities in regularity and orientation fields. To improve the homogeneity of batches received by final users and to detect manufacturing defaults, most production lines for ceramic tiles must integrate a visual control stage before the packing operation. The goal of the inspection is not to give a statistical analysis of the production but to classify every tile into quality-constant batches. These tasks are often referred to as visual inspection; Visual inspection procedures have been implemented and tested on a number of tiles using synthetic and real defects. The results suggest that the performance is adequate to provide a basis for a viable commercial visual inspection system. Wavelet decompositions often provide very parsimonious image representations, and this feature has been exploited to devise powerful compression, Denoising and estimation methods. In our work we introduce a hierarchical waveletbased framework for modeling patterns in digital images. This frame work takes advantage of the efficient image representations afforded by wavelets, while accounting for unknown pattern transformations.
Extraction of Regulatory Events using Kernel-based Classifiers and Distant Supervision

This paper describes our system to extract binary regulatory relations from text, used to participate in the SeeDev task of BioNLP-ST 2016. Our system was based on machine learning, using support vector machines with a shallow linguistic kernel to identify each type of relation. Additionally, we employed a distant supervised approach to increase the size of the training data. Our submission obtained the third best precision of the SeeDev-binary task. Although the distant supervised approach did not signiﬁcantly improve the results, we expect that by exploring other techniques to use unlabeled data should lead to better results.
A Genetic algorithm based feature selection technique for classification of multiple-subject fMRI data

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a neuroimaging technique used to capture images of brain activity. These images have high spatial resolution and hence are very high dimensional. Each scan consists of more than one hundred thousand voxels. All of the scanned voxels are not activated for every stimulus. Therefore, finding the informative voxels with respect to stimulus becomes a prerequisite for any machine learning solution using fMRI data. The specific problem attempted to be solved in this paper is that of decoding cognitive states from multiple-subject fMRI data. Decoding multiple-subject data is challenging owing to the difference in the shape and size of the brain of different subjects. A Genetic algorithm based technique is proposed here for selection of voxels that capture commonality across subjects. Some popular feature selection techniques are compared against Genetic algorithms. It is observed that feature selection using Genetic algorithms perform consistently and predictably better than other techniques.
A hybrid symplectic integrator that permits close encounters between massive bodies

Mixed-variable symplectic integrators exhibit no long-term accumulation of energy error, beyond that owing to round-off, and they are substantially faster than conventional N-body algorithms. This makes them the integrator of choice for many problems in Solar system astronomy. However, in their original formulation, they become inaccurate whenever two bodies approach one another closely. This occurs because the potential energy term for the pair undergoing the encounter becomes comparable to the terms representing the unperturbed motion in the Hamiltonian. The problem can be overcome using a hybrid method, in which the close encounter term is integrated using a conventional integrator, whilst the remaining terms are solved symplectically. In addition, using a simple separable potential technique, the hybrid scheme can be made symplectic even though it incorporates a non-symplectic component.
Placenta Percreta at 17 Weeks with Consecutive Hysterectomy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Placenta percreta in early pregnancy is an extremely rare but life-threatening complication, for which very few cases have been reported in the literature worldwide, none from the United States. We report a patient with two previous cesarean deliveries, who presented with incomplete abortion at 17 weeks and underwent dilatation and curettage. She was found to have retained, adherent placenta that led to extensive hemorrhage, requiring emergency supracervical hysterectomy. Postoperative course was also complicated by severe consumption coagulopathy, necessitating reexploration after hysterectomy. Pathology revealed a placenta percreta. Patient lost more than 8000 cc blood through the 2 surgeries, received massive transfusions due to severe disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), and underwent a complicated surgery because of great difficulty in separating lower uterine segment and cervix from the bladder. Abnormal placentation in early pregnancy has increased in prevalence due to marked rise in cesarean deliveries and curettages in recent decades. We reviewed all reported cases of first and second trimester placenta percreta in the literature, to emphasize the early recognition of abnormal placentations in patients with risk factors, consider prenatal evaluation in such patients, anticipate complicated placental implantations during termination procedures, and prevent associated maternal morbidity and mortality.
Study of antioxidative effects and anti-inflammatory effects in mice due to low-dose X-irradiation or radon inhalation

Low-dose irradiation induces various stimulating effects, especially activation of the biological defense system including antioxidative and immune functions. Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cell damage and death and can induce many types of diseases. This paper reviews new insights into inhibition of ROS-related diseases with low-dose irradiation or radon inhalation. X-irradiation (0.5 Gy) before or after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) treatment inhibits hepatopathy in mice. X-irradiation (0.5 Gy) before ischemia-reperfusion injury or cold-induced brain injury also inhibits edema. These findings suggest that low-dose X-irradiation has antioxidative effects due to blocking the damage induced by free radicals or ROS. Moreover, radon inhalation increases superoxide dismutase activity in many organs and inhibits CCl4-induced hepatic and renal damage and streptozotocin-induced type I diabetes. These findings suggest that radon inhalation also has antioxidative effects. This antioxidative effect against CCl4-induced hepatopathy is comparable to treatment with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) at a dose of 500 mg/kg weight, or α-tocopherol (vitamin E) treatment at a dose of 300 mg/kg weight, and is due to activation of antioxidative functions. In addition, radon inhalation inhibits carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema, suggesting that radon inhalation has anti-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, radon inhalation inhibits formalin-induced inflammatory pain and chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain, suggesting that radon inhalation relieves pain. Thus, low-dose irradiation very likely activates the defense systems in the body, and therefore, contributes to preventing or reducing ROS-related injuries, which are thought to involve peroxidation.
High-accuracy fiducial markers for ground truth

This paper introduces a fiducial marker which favours accuracy over run-time performance. Its intended use is for creating ground truth for outdoor SLAM in GPS-denied environments. Rather than using only corners or edges for pose estimation, the marker has a radial sinusoid pattern which has a predictable appearance under perspective projection. A non-linear optimisation routine estimates the marker's pose by minimising the difference between the marker's predicted and actual appearance. Results show that, on average, pose estimation is twice as precise as traditional fiducial markers.
Rtools : Tools for Software Management in a Distributed Computing Environment

We have implemented a software management tool-set which addresses the problems of compilation and distribution of software across multiple architectures in a mixed-vendor distributed environment. This package, which we call rtools, is made up of: a central database, a compilation tool, and a distribution tool. We describe the system in detail and look at possible implementations of rtools in other environments. The system is currently managing software which spans three operating system versions on two architectures and twenty-two hosts. Published in Nemeth, Evi and Sam Leffler, eds. USENIX ’88 (Proceedings of the 1988 Summer USENIX Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Francisco, 20-24 June 1988) 1988, Berkeley CA: Usenix Association, pp. 85-94.
Gender differences at critical transitions in the careers of science, engineering, and mathematics faculty

Gender Differences at Critical Transitions in the Careers of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Faculty presents new and surprising findings about career differences between female and male full-time, tenure-track, and tenured faculty in science, engineering, and mathematics at the nation's top research universities. Much of this congressionally mandated book is based on two unique surveys of faculty and departments at major U.S. research universities in six fields: biology, chemistry, civil engineering, electrical engineering, mathematics, and physics. A departmental survey collected information on departmental policies, recent tenure and promotion cases, and recent hires in almost 500 departments. A faculty survey gathered information from a stratified, random sample of about 1,800 faculty on demographic characteristics, employment experiences, the allocation of institutional resources such as laboratory space, professional activities, and scholarly productivity. This book paints a timely picture of the status of female faculty at top universities, clarifies whether male and female faculty have similar opportunities to advance and succeed in academia, challenges some commonly held views, and poses several questions still in need of answers. This book will be of special interest to university administrators and faculty, graduate students, policy makers, professional and academic societies, federal funding agencies, and others concerned with the vitality of the U.S. research base and economy.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF UNCERTAINTY , STAKES , AND TIME IN PILOT DECISION MAKING March 2000

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge the advice and support of Judith Orasanu throughout this project. Captain Gil Coshland (United Airlines) provided invaluable service as a consultant. Jared Freeman and Margaret Will helped generate the experimental materials. Last but not least, we wish to thank the 64 pilots who graciously agreed to participate in our study. 5 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW This report describes: (1) a model of decision making in real-world environments, and its background in cognitive science; (2) an experimental test of implication of the model with active duty commercial airline pilots; and (3) a possible use of that model together with the experimental findings to develop pilot training. The three chapters of the report correspond to these objectives. we tested other implications of the same model. In that study, as well as this one, we used active-duty commercial airline pilots in a low fidelity simulation, varying key features of an enroute scenario. In both studies, we examining pilot diversion decisions and information requests, and how they varied with pilot seniority. In the previous study, we examined how pilots dealt with different constraints on the time available for the decision. In the present study, we look at how pilots deal with different degrees of uncertainty about the necessity for a diversion, and different stakes, i.e., penalties for bad decisions. Both studies have interesting implications for pilot training in what we might call real-time critical thinking. These are explored in the final chapter of the present report. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the theoretical and empirical background of our approach to human decision making and to training critical thinking skills. This discussion has two parts. The second part will describe a cognitive model that provides the context for the experiment (Chapter 2) and the training recommendations (Chapter 3). First, however, we will describe the context of that model in the framework of other research on cognition, decision making, and problem solving. BACKGROUND FOR CRITICAL THINKING AND DECISION MAKING There are at present a variety of major competing conceptions of what decision making is. One way to classify them is in terms of whether their primary emphasis is on general-purpose strategies (i.e., weak methods), highly specialized routines or patterns (i.e., strong methods), intermediate strategies, or some combination that is contingent on the characteristics of the task, context, and decision maker. The most significant finding from the review reported below …
Hierarchical computer aided diagnostic system for seizure classification

EEG is the most economical and effective tool for understanding the complex dynamic behavior of the brain and studying its physiological states. In the present work, hierarchical computer aided diagnostic system (HCAD) for classification of normal, ictal and inter-ictal of EEG signals is proposed. In the present work, three different HCAD systems comprising of SVM, KNN and PNN classifiers are proposed. It is observed that the SVM based CAD system results in highest classification accuracy of 96% in comparison with 94% and 93.3% as obtained from KNN and PNN based HCAD systems. The promising results obtained from the present work indicate that the proposed SVM based HCAD system can be routinely used for seizure classification in clinical practice.
View Validation: A Case Study for Wrapper Induction and Text Classification

Wrapper induction algorithms, which use labeled examples to learn extraction rules, are a crucial component of information agents that integrate semi-structured information sources. Multi-view wrapper induction algorithms reduce the amount of training data by exploiting several types of rules (i.e., views), each of which being sufficient to extract the relevant data. All multiview algorithms rely on the assumption that the views are sufficiently compatible for multi-view learning (i.e., most examples are labeled identically in all views). In practice, it is unclear whether or not two views are sufficiently compatible for solving a new, unseen learning task. In order to cope with this problem, we introduce a view validation algorithm: given a learning task, the algorithm predicts whether or not the views are sufficiently compatible for solving that particular task. We use information acquired while solving several exemplar learning tasks to train a classifier that discriminates between the tasks for which the views are sufficiently and insufficiently compatible for multi-view learning. For both wrapper induction and text classification, view validation requires only a modest amount of training data to make high accuracy predictions.
Role of Vitamins C and E in Regulating Antioxidant and Pro-Oxidant Markers in Preeclampsia

We compared three groups of pregnant women: placebo with normotensive women, group A which included preeclamptics, and group B which comprised preeclamptics who were supplemented their diets with vitamins C and E. MDA increased from 6.22 ± 2.8 (placebo) to 8.48 ± 1.2 (A) and 8.02 ± 1.8 nmol/gHb (B). NO concentrations were enhanced from 19.3 ± 4.2 (P) to 23.8 ± 6.4 (A) and 24.1 ± 5.4 µmol/L (B). GSH contents were decreased from 10.42 ± 2.81 (P) to 8.02 ± 2.92 (A) and 9.39 ± 1.02 µmol/g Hb (B), whereas GSSG concentrations increased from 0.98 ± 0.28 (P) to 1.24 ± 0.29 (A) and 1.08 ± 0.12 µmol/g Hb (B). SOD activity decreased 23% in A and 14% in B; GRx decreased 27% in A and 5.5% in B; GPx decreased 12% in A and 9.6% in B. Catalase activity, however, increased 27% in A and 29% in B as compared to control. Thus, we conclude that the use of vitamins C and E should be considered for the control of certain important biochemical indices during the development of preeclampsia; however, further studies are needed to develop methods for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk.
Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-negative adults: a retrospective analysis of 64 consecutive cases (1995-2001).

AIM To evaluate in a retrospective analysis cases of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosed in HIV-negative adults during a 7-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Demographic data, previous or underlying diseases, clinical and laboratory features and therapeutic findings were considered. RESULTS A total of 64 patients were included, of whom 10 (16%) had underlying diseases and two were pregnant. Fever and hepatosplenomegaly were the main presenting symptoms, whereas pancytopenia and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were observed in all cases. Smears from bone marrow aspirate were positive at microscopy in 62 cases (97%). Twenty-four patients received meglumine antimoniate (MA) given during 21 consecutive days (20 mg/kg per day), and 40 patients liposomal amphotericin B (l-AmB) given at days 1-5 and 10 (3 mg/kg per day). Both groups' clinical and laboratory findings improved, but patients on l-AmB therapy had a faster recovery (85% on l-AmB therapy and 50% on MA therapy showed defervescence at day 5, P < 0.01). Treatment failures were observed in five cases, three (12%) on MA and two (5%) on l-AmB therapy. No significant toxicity was observed in patients treated with l-AmB, whereas three (12%) patients treated with MA showed electrocardiographic abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS l-AmB therapy may be considered the treatment of choice for any adult patients with Mediterranean VL, since it permits a faster recovery, has a lower incidence of side effects and is useful also in immunosuppressed patients.
Molecular characterization of MHC-DRB cDNA in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

In the present study, water buffalo MHC (Bubu)-DRB cDNA was cloned and characterized. The 1022 base long-amplified cDNA product encompassed a single open reading frame of 801 bases that coded for 266 amino acids. The Bubu-DRB sequence showed maximum homology with the BoLA-DRB3*0101 allele of cattle. A total of seven amino acid residues were found to be unique for the Bubu-DRB sequence. The majority of amino acid substitutions was observed in the β1 domain. Residues associated with important functions were mostly conserved. Water buffalo DRB was phylogenetically closer to goat DRB*A.
Relative scheduling under timing constraints

Scheduling techniques are used in high-level synthesis of integrated circuits. Traditional scheduling techniques assume fixed execution delays for the operations. For the synthesis of ASIC designs that interface with external signals and events, operations with unbounded delays. i.e., delays unknown at compile time, must also be considered. A relative scheduling technique that supports operations with fixed and unbounded delays is presented. The technique satisfies the timing constraints imposed by the user, which places bounds between the activation of operations. A novel property called well-posedness of timing constraints is analyzed that is used to identify consistency of constraints in the presence of unbounded delay operations, and an approach to relative scheduling is presented that yields a minimum schedule that satisfies the constraints, or detects if no schedule exists, in polynomial time. <<ETX>>
21st Century Skills and Principles of Flow in the Foreign Language Classroom

21st Century Skills and Principles of Flow in the Foreign Language Classroom Carolina Benito Cox Department of Spanish and Portuguese, BYU Master of Arts Flow theory explains the conditions for optimal engagement (enjoyment, interest, and concentration). There are three types of engagement: cognitive, emotional, and behavioral. When these are combined and present at their peak, flow takes place. In the era of information, media, and technology, current concerns in education include an increasing student disengagement and disaffection. Recently, educational organizations have focused on 21st century skills and the importance of developing these in order to better engage with society. This mixed study explores the relationship between the inclusion of 21st century skills in an L2 task and the level of engagement of students, and whether it reaches flow. Participants came from two sections of intermediate-low Spanish FL classrooms. Findings show there is a positive relationship between 21st century skills and all three types of engagement. 21st century skills are also related to authentic work. Sense of control, clear goals, high challenges matched with high skills in a contextualized setting lead to increased engagement. Flow did not take place, but different levels and intensity of engagement in all areas did.
Theoretical Underpinnings of the Other Social Effects Account

Abstract : While water resources planning has primarily been focused on enhancing economic well-being as portrayed in the National Economic Development (NED) account, well-being is a multi-faceted concept grounded in human needs that include distributive justice, social connectedness, equality, and health and safety considerations, in addition to economic well-being factors. Information on these multiple dimensions of well-being is increasingly being used by Federal agencies, the World Bank, and other countries to provide a more comprehensive understanding of quality of life and livability issues. A water resources planning process that incorporates a multi-dimensional conception of well-being positively influences the degree to which water resources solutions will be judged as effective, acceptable, and fair.
Perfect Phylogeny Haplotyping is Complete for Logspace

Haplotyping is the bioinformatics problem of predicting likely haplotypes based on given genotypes. It can be approached using Gusfield's perfect phylogeny haplotyping (PPH) method for which polynomial and linear time algorithms exist. These algorithm use sophisticated data structures or do a stepwise transformation of the genotype data into haplotype data and, therefore, need a linear amount of space. We are interested in the exact computational complexity of PPH and show that it can be solved space-efficiently by an algorithm that needs only a logarithmic amount of space. Together with the recently proved L-hardness of PPH, we establish L-completeness. Our algorithm relies on a new characterization for PPH in terms of bipartite graphs, which can be used both to decide and construct perfect phylogenies for genotypes efficiently.