Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Styles of attachment determined by the slovak version of sembu

Abstract Introduction: The theory of attachment is widely recognized (Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978). This theory is based on four basic types of relationships. The sEMBU questionnaire does not focus on the relationships but parental behavior, however, parental behavior is the presentation of the relationship. Our goal was to determine the types of attachment and to obtain information about secure attachment by using cluster analysis. Methods: sEMBU primarily finds out about three basic patterns used in parental behaviour - rejection, emotional warmth and overprotection. We used the 23-item s(short)-EMBU which previously demonstrated to be satisfactory on the samples of students from Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, East-Germany, and Sweden (Arrindell et al., 2001). The Slovak translation of the original sEMBU was published in 2007 (Poliaková, Mojžišová, & Hašto, 2007). Since relationships are closely related to rejection, emotional warmth and overprotection, we tried to find behavioral patterns based on Bowlby’s attachment theory. We did not use standard procedures. Using cluster analysis, we also sorted the sample into four groups based on the presupposed attachment styles. Results: Overprotection (father) has the highest share for classification and differentiation in the cluster. Emotional warmth (mother) has the highest share for classification and differentiation in the cluster. We expected to find out that the secure type of attachment prevails over avoidance both in mothers and fathers. Conclusions: Our results surprised us; in the case of mothers, secure attachment did not occur at all. We suggest to continue in the research of the Slovak version of sEMBU focused on the types of attachment, especially on the secure type of attachment.
Control of Reproductive Floral Organ Identity Specification in Arabidopsis by the C Function Regulator AGAMOUS[C][W]

The transcription factor AGAMOUS mediates the specification of reproductive floral organs by controlling the expression of a large number of genes with regulatory functions involved in a multitude of developmental processes. Together with other floral organ identity factors, it contributes to the suppression of the leaf development program through the direct suppression of key regulatory genes. The floral organ identity factor AGAMOUS (AG) is a key regulator of Arabidopsis thaliana flower development, where it is involved in the formation of the reproductive floral organs as well as in the control of meristem determinacy. To obtain insights into how AG specifies organ fate, we determined the genes and processes acting downstream of this C function regulator during early flower development and distinguished between direct and indirect effects. To this end, we combined genome-wide localization studies, gene perturbation experiments, and computational analyses. Our results demonstrate that AG controls flower development to a large extent by controlling the expression of other genes with regulatory functions, which are involved in mediating a plethora of different developmental processes. One aspect of this function is the suppression of the leaf development program in emerging floral primordia. Using trichome initiation as an example, we demonstrate that AG inhibits an important aspect of leaf development through the direct control of key regulatory genes. A comparison of the gene expression programs controlled by AG and the B function regulators APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, respectively, showed that while they control many developmental processes in conjunction, they also have marked antagonistic, as well as independent activities.
An effective detailed placement algorithm for large-scale mix-mode IC design

In this paper we propose an improved approach for mixed-size detailed placement. First, we legalize macros with the using of constraint graph. Then, we remove overlaps between macros and standard cells, even the placement region and reduce the wirelength by moving the standard cells, and a dynamic programming method is used to legalize the standard cells. Finally, we further reduce the wirelength after legalization. The main contributions of our work are: (1) we can guarantee to find a legalization solution for the placement; (2) we can further reduce the wirelength of the global placement.
Comparing persons found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder for sexual offences versus nonsexual violent offences

ABSTRACT Using data from the National Trajectory Project, we compared 50 individuals found Not Criminally Responsible on account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD) for sexual offences with 50 age- and gender-matched individuals found NCRMD for nonsexually violent offences. We also described the concurrent offenses, the symptoms at the time of the offense and the characteristics of the victims of offenders found NCRMD for sexual offences. Persons found NCRMD for sexual offences were less likely to be employed and were significantly younger at time of first psychiatric contact, but did not differ in other sociodemographic characteristics, other aspects of their psychiatric histories or in criminal history. Despite no differences in recidivism and no differences in behaviours between Review Board hearings when adjusting for unequal time at risk, persons found NCRMD for sexual offences had longer tenures under a Review Board mandate than persons found NCRMD for nonsexually violent offences. Given the many similarities between the two groups, this finding suggests that Review Boards may be unnecessarily conservative in how they manage sexual offenders.
“Wait, How Do I Say that in English?” Communication Strategies for English as a Foreign Language Learners

This research aimed to investigate communication speaking skill strategies applied by two groups of English foreign language learners in two boarding senior high schools in Aceh, Indonesia. Of the successful group, there were 52 learners and of the less successful group 24 learners. To collect the data, this study employed the observation sheet adapted by Tarone (1978), which determined nine categories of communication strategies; approximation, word coinage, circumlocution, literal translation, language switch, mime, appeal for assistance, topic avoidance, and message abandonment. The students were observed during their speaking class. The result of this research is the literal translation, approximation, and language switch become the most frequent strategies used by the less successful learners. It implies that the students have had difficulties communicating in the target language. On the other hand, successful learners prefer to use approximation, literal translation, and appeal for assistance strategies. It implies that the students tend to speak and communicate well, if not yet fluently. Based on the findings, it is suggested that English teachers should introduce several communication strategies for both groups of learners to improve their effective communication.
The Macroeconomic Consequences of Reciprocity in Labor Relations

We develop and analyze a structural model of effciency wages founded on reciprocity. Workers are assumed to face an explicit trade-off between the disutility of providing effort and the psychological benefit of reciprocating the gift of a wage offer above some reference level. The model provides a rationale for rent sharing - a feature that is very much present in the data but absent from previous formulations of the effciency wage hypothesis. This firm-internal perspective on effciency wages has important macroeconomic consequences: rent-sharing considerations promote wage rigidity, internal amplification and asymmetric responses to technology and demand shocks.
Long Term Arm and Hand Tracking for Continuous Sign Language TV Broadcasts

The goal of this work is to detect hand and arm positions over continuous sign language video sequences of more than one hour in length. We cast the problem as inference in a generative model of the image. Under this model, limb detection is expensive due to the very large number of possible configurations each part can assume. We make the following contributions to reduce this cost: (i) using efficient sampling from a pictorial structure proposal distribution to obtain reasonable configurations; (ii) identifying a large set of frames where correct configurations can be inferred, and using temporal tracking elsewhere. Results are reported for signing footage with changing background, challenging image conditions, and different signers; and we show that the method is able to identify the true arm and hand locations. The results exceed the state-of-the-art for the length and stability of continuous limb tracking.
Discovering Simple Fault-tolerant Routing Rules Using Genetic Programming

A novel approach to solving network routing and restoration problems using the genetic programming (GP) paradigm is presented, in which a single robust and fault-tolerant program is evolved which determines the near-shortest paths through a network subject to link failures. The approach is then applied to ve diierent test networks. In addition, two multi-population GP techniques are tried and the results compared to simple GP.
Instantaneous Reactive Power Compensators Comprising Switching Devices without Energy Storage Components

The conventional reactive power in single-phase or three- phase circuits has been defined on the basis of the average value concept for sinusoidal voltage and current waveforms in steady states. The instantaneous reactive power in three-phase circuits is defined on the basis of the instantaneous value concept for arbitrary voltage and current waveforms, including transient states. A new instantaneous reactive power compensator comprising switching devices is proposed which requires practically no energy storage components.
Are vegetation-specific model parameters required for estimating gross primary production?

Abstract. Models of gross primary production (GPP) are currently parameterized with vegetation-specific parameter sets and therefore require accurate information on the distribution of vegetation to drive them. Can this parameterization scheme be replaced with a vegetation-invariant set of parameter that can maintain or increase model applicability by reducing errors introduced from the uncertainty of land cover classification? Based on the measurements of ecosystem carbon fluxes from 150 globally distributed sites in a range of vegetation types, we examined the predictive capacity of seven light use efficiency (LUE) models. Two model experiments were conducted: (i) a constant set of parameters for various vegetation types and (ii) vegetation-specific parameters. The results showed no significant differences in model performances to simulate GPP while using both sets of parameters. These results indicate that a universal set of parameters, which is independent of vegetation cover type and characteristics can be adopted in prevalent LUE models. Availability of this well tested and universal set of parameters would help to improve the accuracy and applicability of LUE models in various biomes and geographic regions.
Efficient Learning of Action Models for Planning

We consider the problem of learning action models for planning in two frameworks and present general sufficient conditions for efficient learning. In the mistake-bounded planning framework, the learner has access to a sound and complete planner for the given action model language, a simulator, and a planning problem generator. In the planned exploration framework, the learner has access to a planner and a simulator, but actively generates problems to help refine its model. We identify sufficient conditions for learning in both the frameworks. We also show that a concrete hypothesis space that consists of sets of rules with at most k variables is efficiently learnable in both frameworks.
Gradient echo imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on gradient echoes is used in a wide variety of imaging techniques and clinical applications. Gradient echo sequences form the basis for an essential group of imaging methods that find widespread use in clinical practice, particularly when fast imaging is important, as for example in cardiac MRI or contrast‐enhanced MR angiography. However, the term “gradient echo sequence” is somewhat unspecific, as even images acquired with the most common sequences employing the gradient echo for data acquisition can significantly differ in signal, contrast, artifact behavior, and sensitivity to, eg, flow. This is due to the different use of sequence timing and basic sequence building blocks such as spoiler gradients or specific radiofrequency (RF) pulse phase patterns. In this article the basic principles of gradient echo formation compared to spin echo imaging are reviewed and the properties of gradient echo imaging in its simplest form (TR ≫ T2) are described. Further, the most common three variants of fast gradient echo sequences (TR < T2), namely, unbalanced gradient echo, RF spoiled gradient echo, and balanced steady state free precession; are discussed. For each gradient echo sequence type, examples of applications exploiting the specific properties of the individual technique are presented. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1274–1289. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sparsity vs. Large Margins for Linear Classifiers

We provide small sample size bounds on the generalisation error of linear classifiers that take advantage of large observed margins on the training set and sparsity in the data dependent expansion coefficients. It is already known from results in the luckiness framework that both criteria independently have a large impact on the generalisation error. Our new results show that they can be combined which theoretically justifies learning algorithms like the Support Vector Machine [4] or the Relevance Vector Machine [12]. In contrast to previous studies we avoid using the classical technique of symmetrisation by a ghost sample but directly using the sparsity for the estimation of the generalisation error. We demonstrate that our result leads to practical useful results even in case of small sample size if the training set witnesses our prior belief in sparsity and large margins.
Results on perceptual invariants to transformations on speech

This paper presents results of a study on perceptual invariants to transformations on the speech signal. A set of psychoacoustic tests were conducted as to put forward these invariants for the human hearing system (HS). The starting point is the decomposition of speech by an AM-FM analysis, rather than the use of more standard analysis methods. The main result of this work is the finding that our HS is robust to-namely our perception is not altered by instantaneous frequency (IF) changes within a certain range, even though these resulted in substantial waveform modifications. This stimulated us to conduct further study on how standard analysis methods would cope with perceptually invariant changes; results show that, in fact, they are not robust to such changes. Finally, some applications of IF changes are proposed.
Optimizing parameters of the expected reciprocal rank

Most popular IR metrics are parameterized. Usually parameters of these metrics are chosen on the basis of general considerations and not adjusted by experiments with real users. Particularly, the parameters of the Expected Reciprocal Rank measure are the normalized parameters of the DCG metric, and the latter are chosen in an ad-hoc manner. We suggest an approach for adjusting parameters of the ERR metric that allows to reach maximum agreement with the real users behavior. More exactly, we optimized the parameters by maximizing Pearson weighted correlation between ERR and several online click metrics. For each click metric we managed to find the parameters of ERR that result into its higher correlation with the given online click metric.
ScriptIoT: A Script Framework for and Internet-of-Things Applications

Following recent advances in sensing and wireless technologies, Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications are being exploited in various fields. The scale of IoT systems and the number of devices that they include has become huge, and the construction of IoT applications is, therefore, becoming increasingly challenging. This work proposes a script framework as a convenient development interface for service-oriented architecture (SOA) scheduling of web-based information of IoT applications, called ScriptIoT, which is composed of the IoT fundamental in case of all type of devices integration and a scriptable agent. Based on the IoT fundamental class, various IoT devices may be developed and the scriptable agent enables IoT applications to be configured using scripts. The proposed ScriptIoT framework, which offers both polling an event-driven mechanism for delegating IoT applications to the agent and reporting event of the specified device, contributes to large-scale applications. Experiments herein reveal that in the proposed ScriptIoT framework, the access time and CPU loading are slightly greater than those achieved using traditional C programming by 3% and 13%, respectively, but the proposed framework exhibits improved flexibility and scalability.
Construction of a Cooperative Metaheuristic system based on Data Mining and Soft-Computing: Methodological issues

Metaheuristics are eective strategies for solving optimization problems. However, when trying to solve an instance of this kind of problems it is hard to know which algorithm should be used. Hybrid systems provide flexible tools that can help to cope with this problem. Therefore a hybrid system based on the intelligent combination of dierent strategies will give more robustness and will allow to find higher quality solutions for dierent instance types.
On the robustness of ultra-wide bandwidth signals in dense multipath environments

The results of an ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) signal propagation experiment, using bandwidth in excess of 1 GHz, performed in a typical modern office building are presented. The robustness of the UWB signal in multipath is quantified through cumulative distribution functions of the signal quality in various locations of the building. The results show that an UWB signal does not suffer multipath fading.
Mental health counselling in the Black American Church: reflections and recommendations from counsellors serving in a counselling ministry

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between “The Black Church”, the mental health needs of its members, and addressing those needs from the perspective of counsellors within the church. Four in-depth interviews were conducted with members of the mental health counselling team at one large, African American-serving church in the Midwest to explore their thoughts about their church pastor’s desire to expand their current ministry to a fully operating counselling centre. The findings suggest that “the Black Church” not only has a role and responsibility in addressing the mental health needs of African Americans within and outside of the church but can also use religiosity as a facilitator rather than a barrier to mental health service use among African Americans.
Steps toward the Power Spectrum of Matter. I. The Mean Spectrum of Galaxies

We calculate the mean power spectrum of all galaxies using published power spectra of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. On small scales we use the power spectrum derived from the two-dimensional distribution of Automatic Plate Measuring Facility (APM) galaxies, since this sample is not influenced by redshift distortions and is the largest and deepest sample of galaxies available. On large scales we use power spectra derived from three-dimensional data for various galaxy and cluster samples which are reduced to real space and in amplitude to the power spectrum of APM galaxies. We find that available data indicate the presence of two different populations in the nearby universe. Clusters of galaxies sample a relatively large region in the universe where rich, medium, and poor superclusters are well represented. Their mean power spectrum has a spike at wavenumber k = 0.05 ± 0.01 h Mpc-1, followed by an approximate power-law spectrum of index n ≈ -1.9 toward small scales. Some galaxy surveys (APM three-dimensional, IRAS QDOT, and SSRS+CfA2 130 Mpc) have similar spectra. The power spectrum found from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey and IRAS 1.2 Jy surveys is flatter around the maximum, which may represent regions of the universe with medium-rich and poor superclusters. Differences in power spectra for these populations may partly be due to the survey geometries of the data sets in question and/or to features of the original data analysis.
Assessing the Pedagogical Effectiveness and Conversational Appropriateness in Three Versions of AutoTutor

AutoTutor's effectiveness as a tutor and conversational partner was assessed during three development cycles of the system. In Cycle 1 AutoTutor interacted with virtual students, whereas in Cycles 2 and 3, AutoTutor interacted with human students. The tutoring transcripts for the three cycles were analyzed by two sets of knowledgeable judges. One set of judges rated the pedagogical quality of each AutoTutor dialog move; the other set rated the conversational appropriateness of each move. Data from three evaluative cycles are presented in the paper.
The Autopilot Performance-directed Adaptive Control System 1

High-performance computing is rapidly expanding to include distributed collections of heterogeneous sequential and parallel systems and irregular applications with complex, data dependent execution behavior and time varying resource demands. To provide adaptive resource management for dynamic applications, we are developing the Autopilot toolkit. Autopilot provides a exible set of performance sensors, decision procedures, and policy actuators to realize adaptive control of applications and resource management policies on both parallel and wide area distributed systems.
New results on radiography image transmission with unequal error protection using protograph double LDPC codes

In this paper, we propose a new joint source-channel coding (JSCC) system with unequal error protection (UEP) constructed from protograph low-density parity-check (P-LDPC) codes for medical image transmission over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel to minimize the end to end image distortion. In order to make the P-LDPC codes suitable for the image transmission with UEP system, we combine two Tanner graphs, one of which is derived by protograph. A typical radiography image and other two gray-scale images are applied in our simulation. And we compare the peak signal-to-ratio (PSNR) performance of our codes with a previous work on UEP using P-LDPC codes and some other UEP schemes based on LDPC codes and Turbo codes. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme can apparently increase the PSNR value of the received images and reconstruct the transmitted images completely and correctly even at a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, the proposed scheme can reduce the complexity of the image transmission model of our previous work and is superior than other UEP schemes with 0.5-2.5 dB increase in SNR.