Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A UNIFIED CATALOG OF RADIO OBJECTS DETECTED BY NVSS, FIRST, WENSS, GB6, AND SDSS

We construct a catalog of radio sources detected by the Green Bank 6 cm survey GB6, Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty cm (FIRST) and NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (20 cm), and Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS) (92 cm) radio surveys, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) optical survey. The 2.7 million entries in the publicly-available master catalog are comprised of the closest three FIRST to NVSS matches (within 30″) and vice versa, and unmatched sources from each survey. Entries are supplemented by data from the other radio and optical surveys, where available. All objects with even a small probability of physical association are included, such that catalog users can easily implement their own selection criteria for data analysis. We perform data analysis in the ∼ 3000 deg2 region of sky where the surveys overlap, which contains 140,000 NVSS–FIRST sources, of which 64,000 are detected by WENSS and 12,000 by GB6. About one third of each sample is detected by the SDSS. An automated classification method based on 20 cm fluxes defines three radio morphology classes: complex, resolved, and compact. Radio color–magnitude–morphology diagrams for these classes show structure suggestive of strong underlying physical correlations. Complex and resolved sources tend to have a steep spectral slope (α ∼ −0.8) that is nearly constant from 6 to 92 cm, while the compact class (unresolved on ∼5″ scale by FIRST) contains a significant number of flat-spectrum (α ∼ 0) sources. In the optically-detected sample, quasars dominate the flat-spectrum compact sources while steep-spectrum and resolved objects contain substantial numbers of both quasars and galaxies. Differential radio counts of quasars and galaxies are similar at bright flux levels (>100 mJy at 20 cm), while at fainter levels the quasar counts are significantly reduced below galaxy counts. The optically-undetected sample is strongly biased toward steep-spectrum sources. In samples of quasars and galaxies with SDSS spectra (2885 and 1288 respectively), we find that radio properties such as spectral slope, morphology, and radio loudness are correlated with optical color and luminosity.
A Short-Armed Troodontid Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia and Its Implications for Troodontid Evolution

Background The Troodontidae represents one of the most bird-like theropod groups and plays an important role in our understanding of avian origins. Although troodontids have been known for over 150 years, few known derived troodontid specimens preserve significant portions of both the forelimb and the hindlimb. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we report a new troodontid taxon, Linhevenator tani gen. et sp. nov., based on a partial, semi-articulated skeleton recovered from the Upper Cretaceous Wulansuhai Formation of Wulatehouqi, Inner Mongolia, China. L. tani has an unusual combination of primitive and derived character states, though our phylogenetic analysis places it in a derived clade within the Troodontidae. As a derived taxon, L. tani has a dromaeosaurid-like pedal digit II, and this species also possesses a humerus that is proportionally much shorter and more robust than those of most other troodontids. Conclusion/Significance The combination of features present in Linhevenator indicates a complex pattern of character evolution within the Troodontidae. In particular, the discovery of Linhevenator suggests that derived troodontids have independently evolved a highly specialized pedal digit II and have significantly shortened the forelimb over the course of their evolution.
Spatiotemporal Modeling of Urban Growth Predictions Based on Driving Force Factors in Five Saudi Arabian Cities

This paper investigates the effect of four driving forces, including elevation, slope, distance to drainage and distance to major roads, on urban expansion in five Saudi Arabian cities: Riyadh, Jeddah, Makkah, Al-Taif and Eastern Area. The prediction of urban probabilities in the selected cities based on the four driving forces is generated using a logistic regression model for two time periods of urban change in 1985 and 2014. The validation of the model was tested using two approaches. The first approach was a quantitative analysis by using the Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) method. The second approach was a qualitative analysis in which the probable urban growth maps based on urban changes in 1985 is used to test the performance of the model to predict the probable urban growth after 2014 by comparing the probable maps of 1985 and the actual urban growth of 2014. The results indicate that the prediction model of 2014 provides a reliable and consistent prediction based on the performance of 1985. The analysis of driving forces shows variable effects over time. Variables such as elevation, slope and road distance had significant effects on the selected cities. However, distance to major roads was the factor with the most impact to determine the urban form in all five cites in both 1985 and 2014.
On the use of graph transformations for model composition traceability

The model composition provides support to build systems based on a set of less complex sub-models. This operation allows managing complexity while supporting the modularity and reusability tasks. Due to the increase number of the involving models, their composition becomes a tedious task. For that, the need for maintaining traceability information is raised to help managing the composition operation. We propose in this work a graph-based model transformations approach, which aims to keep track of the model composition operation. Our objective is to capture traces in an automatic and reusable manner. Finally, a composition scenario is given to demonstrate the feasibility of our proposal.
The Effect of Heat Waves on Mental Health in a Temperate Australian City

Objective The goal of this study was to identify mental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders that may be triggered or exacerbated during heat waves, predisposing individuals to heat-related morbidity and mortality. Design Using health outcome data from Adelaide, South Australia, for 1993–2006, we estimated the effect of heat waves on hospital admissions and mortalities attributed to mental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders. We analyzed data using Poisson regression accounting for overdispersion and controlling for season and long-term trend, and we performed threshold analysis using hockey stick regression. Results Above a threshold of 26.7°C, we observed a positive association between ambient temperature and hospital admissions for mental and behavioral disorders. Compared with non–heat-wave periods, hospital admissions increased by 7.3% during heat waves. Specific illnesses for which admissions increased included organic illnesses, including symptomatic mental disorders; dementia; mood (affective) disorders; neurotic, stress related, and somatoform disorders; disorders of psychological development; and senility. Mortalities attributed to mental and behavioral disorders increased during heat waves in the 65- to 74-year age group and in persons with schizophrenia, schizotypal, and delusional disorders. Dementia deaths increased in those up to 65 years of age. Conclusion Our results suggest that episodes of extreme heat pose a salient risk to the health and well-being of the mentally ill. Relevance to Clinical or Professional Practice: Improvements in the management and care of the mentally ill need to be addressed to avoid an increase in psychiatric morbidity and mortality as heat waves become more frequent.
Learning with Invariance via Linear Functionals on Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space

Incorporating invariance information is important for many learning problems. To exploit invariances, most existing methods resort to approximations that either lead to expensive optimization problems such as semi-definite programming, or rely on separation oracles to retain tractability. Some methods further limit the space of functions and settle for non-convex models. In this paper, we propose a framework for learning in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) using local invariances that explicitly characterize the behavior of the target function around data instances. These invariances are compactly encoded as linear functionals whose value are penalized by some loss function. Based on a representer theorem that we establish, our formulation can be efficiently optimized via a convex program. For the representer theorem to hold, the linear functionals are required to be bounded in the RKHS, and we show that this is true for a variety of commonly used RKHS and invariances. Experiments on learning with unlabeled data and transform invariances show that the proposed method yields better or similar results compared with the state of the art.
Comparison of Bypassing Agents in Bleeding Reduction in Treatment of Bleeding Episodes in Patients With Haemophilia and Inhibitors

Context: Mild-to-moderate bleeding disorders in haemophilia are primarily treated via recombinant activated factor VII a (rFVIIa) or activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC). However, the efficacy of each bypassing agents may vary and none of them is universally effective. Evidence Acquisition: After reviewing the databases of PubMed, Scopus, MD Consult, Ovid, Trip database, Google Scholar, ProQuest and the Cochrane Library, finally, 17 papers published from 2000 to 2013 were extracted. We used as a random effect model in meta-analysis. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used for calculating and estimating the mean of bleeding reduction and performing meta-analysis. Results: The mean of bleeding reduction in aPCC and rFVIIa were 71.2% with CI 95% (lower limit 86.8% and upper limit 82%) and 72.3% with CI 95% (lower limit 57.6% and upper limit 83.4%), respectively. Conclusions: Although differences between the two products were very close to each other, they reported similar effects on joint bleeds. Further clinical studies should be performed by incorporating a standardized measurement in comparative efficacy of aPCC and rFVIIa.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Depression and Insulin Resistance

OBJECTIVE Depression is associated with the onset of type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, controlled trials, and unpublished data was conducted to examine the association between depression and insulin resistance (IR). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched for studies published up to September 2011. Two independent reviewers assessed the eligibility of each report based on predefined inclusion criteria (study design and measure of depression and IR, excluding prevalent cases of diabetes). Individual effect sizes were standardized, and a meta-analysis was performed to calculate a pooled effect size using random effects. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to explore any potential source of heterogeneity between studies. RESULTS Of 967 abstracts reviewed, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria of which 18 studies had appropriate data for the meta-analysis (n = 25,847). The pooled effect size (95% CI) was 0.19 (0.11–0.27) with marked heterogeneity (I2 = 82.2%) using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity between studies was not explained by age or sex, but could be partly explained by the methods of depression and IR assessments. CONCLUSIONS A small but significant cross-sectional association was observed between depression and IR, despite heterogeneity between studies. The pathophysiology mechanisms and direction of this association need further study using a purposively designed prospective or intervention study in samples at high risk for diabetes.
Trypanosoma cruzi: modification of macrophage function during infection

Infection of mice with Trypanosoma cruzi and subsequent intraperitoneal challenge with heat-killed trypanosomes elicits peritoneal macrophages which display in vitro microbicidal activity against trypomastigotes of T. cruzi. These cells also display other activated properties including rapid spreading, intense membrane activity, secretion of high levels of plasminogen activator, and ingestion mediated by the C3 receptor. An intravenous infection with BCG, followed by an intraperitoneal challenge with mycobacterial antigens brings about macrophages with similar properties. These criteria of macrophage activation were compared in normal and BCG- or T. cruzi-immune mice, with or without an intraperitoneal challenge with specific or unrelated antigens. Trypanocidal activity is displayed by both BCG- and T. cruzi-immune macrophages after intraperitoneal challenge with either antigen. Resident-immune macrophages from both T. cruzi- and BCG-infected mice show a trypanostatic, rather than trypanocidal activity. Macrophages from noninfected mice, challenged with the same antigens, show neither trypanostatic nor trypanocidal activity. Increased secretion of plasminogen activator shows a definite immunological specificity. Challenge with the specific antigen induces the appearance of macrophages secreting high levels of plasminogen activator, while unrelated antigens induce much smaller levels. Noninfected mice challenged with the same antigens do not display any enchancement in secretion. In contrast, increased spreading and phagocytosis mediated by the complement receptor are also displayed by cells from noninfected mice challenged with any of the agents tested.
Hand Gesture Target Model Updating and Result Forecasting Algorithm based on Mean Shift

To propose a gesture model updating and results forecasting algorithm based on Mean Shift, and to solve the problem of target model changing and influenced tracking results in gesture target tracking process. Firstly, the background difference and skin color detection methods are used to detect and get gesture model, and the Mean Shift algorithm is used to track gesture and update the gesture model, and finally to use the Kalman algorithm to predict the gesture tracking results. The experimental results show that this algorithm reduces the influence of surrounding environment in gesture tracking process, and get better tracking result.
What's the Difference between a Bat and a Mouse?: A First Step towards Answering Comparison Questions in Open-domain QA

In order to handle the question What’s the difference between X and Y? in open-domain Question Answering, a first crucial step is to understand which concepts are to be compared when X and Y are polysemous. This paper reports on an investigation of the senses people choose to use in answering these questions and the way in which WordNet can be used in replicating their choices. Three approaches are tested and evaluated, based on the frequency, similarity or relatedness of the question terms. A relatedness measure proposed by Banerjee and Pedersen (2003) was found to achieve the highest accuracy.
Ostracism promotes a terroristic mindset

ABSTRACT Biographical data of terrorists and overlapping theories indicate that ostracism has the power to promote a terroristic mindset. This effect, however, has not been investigated empirically so far. The current studies aimed to fill this research gap and test this relationship experimentally. Inclusionary status was manipulated in an online and a lab study. To assess how far participants would go on behalf of a terrorist group, participants were introduced to a pro-democracy and animal protection terrorist organization, and asked for their degree of agreement to their actions. Study 1 showed that ostracized participants always favored more extreme options to support a terrorist group compared to participants in an inclusion or a neutral control condition, which grew from non-violent means to property damage. In Study 2, ostracism increased the willingness to destroy property on behalf of a terrorist group. Indicating an underlying mechanism, this effect was mediated by a low sense of control. The findings are consistent with theoretical and empirical work of both ostracism and terrorism research, and provide one of few pieces of experimental work to illustrate a root of radicalization.
Am I a Qualified Literacy Researcher and Educator? A Counter-Story of a Professional Journey of One Asian Male Literacy Scholar in the United States

Although there has been a significant increase in the number of minority faculty members in higher education, little is known about potential barriers and challenges we face during their early career development. In this counter-story article, I share my own professional experiences regarding the choices I made and obstacles I faced in developing my own career including both teaching and research. Compared with mainstream early career scholars, I realized that there are certain areas or methods that I was expected to teach or research. I hope that my counter-story presented in this article can contribute to understanding the conflicts and labels that international faculty may face and reframing them as potential assets that we can develop and bring into meaningful literacy practice.
Near‐field imaging by negative permittivity media

The imaging of the near field by a slab of negative permittivity medium is discussed. The performance of this flat lens is limited by the working wavenumber k0 and the slab thickness d. For k0d ≪ 0.937, the resolution of the flat lens can be smaller than the wavelength and depends logarithmically on 1/k0d. The electric field is finite everywhere, but will diverge algebraically as one reduces k0d → 0. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 282–286, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11191
Strategia radzenia sobie z krzywdzicielem polska walidacja kwestionariusza TIRM-18

The aim of this paper is to present the results of Polish validation of Transgression – Related Interpersonal Motivations questionnaire (TRIM-18) by McCullough, Root, and Cohen (2006) which measures the phenomena of forgiveness. The article contains a description of the procedure of Polish translation, the results of the test reliability, discriminant and confirmatory validity. The study was conducted among 530 participants aged between 18 and 84 (345 females and 185 males). Eleven questionnaires were used for assessing the validity of the measurement. This study confirms that the structure of Polish TRIM-18 is relevant to the English language version. Polish TRIM-18 is also a very reliable tool. It can be successfully used in Polish conditions.
CSR, strategy and financial performance

Prior studies report mixed findings on the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financial performance. This paper argues that the relationship between CSR and corporate financial performance also depends on whether firms incorporate their strategic orientations (i.e., prospector vs. defender) into CSR activities. At the same time, divide CSR into “public CSR” and “internal CSR” instead of focusing on aggregate CSR as usual. This article selects the data of 728 manufacturing listed companies in China from 2010 to 2014, exploring the relationship between CSR and corporate financial performance with corporate strategy. Our results show that prospectors engaging in public CSR can get better performance than defenders. However, defenders that invest in internal CSR perform better than prospectors.
Variable Resolution Terrain Surfaces

A model for the multiresolution decomposition of planar domains into triangles is introduced, which is more general than other multiresolution models proposed in the literature, and can be eeciently applied to the representation of a polyhedral terrain at variable resolution. The model is based on a collection of fragments of plane triangulations arranged into a partially ordered set. Diierent decompositions of a domain can be obtained by combining diierent fragments from the model. A data structure to encode the model is presented, and an eecient algorithm is proposed that can extract in linear time a polyhedral terrain representation, whose accuracy over the domain is variable according to a given threshold function. Furthermore, the size of the extracted representation is minimum among all possible polyhedral representations that can be built from the model, and that satisfy the threshold function. A major application of these results is in real time rendering of terrains in ight simulation.
N-body simulations of planetesimal evolution: Effect of varying impactor mass ratio

Abstract We present results from direct N-body simulations of collisions between gravitational aggregates of varying size as part of a study to parameterize planetesimal growth in the Solar System. We find that as the ratio of projectile to target mass departs from unity, the impact angle has less effect on the outcome. At the same time, the probability of planetesimal growth increases. Conversely, for a fixed impact energy, collisions between impactors with mass ratio near unity are more dispersive than those with impactor mass ratio far from unity. We derive an expression for the accretion probability as a function of mass ratio. For an average mass ratio of 1:5, we find an accretion probability of ∼60% over all impact parameters. We also compute the critical specific dispersal energy Q*D as a function of projectile size. Extrapolating to a projectile size of 1 m with a 1-km target, we find Q*D=103−104 J kg−1, in agreement with several other collision models that use fundamentally different techniques. Our model assumes that the components of each gravitational aggregate are identical and indestructible over the range of sampled impact speeds. In future work we hope to incorporate a simple fracture model to extend the range of applicable speeds and we plan to implement our results in a large-scale planetesimal evolution code.
Power Poseur

Strong claims have been made that power poses can significantly improve one’s life. Starting from an evolutionary perspective, we reason that expansive poses will have no impact in more realistic situations, as in the presence of an interaction partner or when participants are aware of what the pose should accomplish. Across four dyadic studies including both commonly used outcomes and a negotiation task (which could actually have direct benefits for one’s life), we find nearly uniform null effects of holding expansive poses, despite checks confirming the success of the manipulation. For example, in two of the studies, participants watched a popular TED talk on power poses, held an expansive pose, and then completed a negotiation in the presence of a partner, as might happen in real life. We argue that researchers should stop recommending power poses as an empirically supported strategy for improving one’s life.
Smart service: SOA business logic connectivity adaptation

Nowadays, service connectivity adaptation grows to be one of the most important topic in SOC (Service Oriented Computing). Due to the increasing in accessing the business processes of the information systems, there is a lot of traffic to a specific part of its business logic (BL) that causes Bottlenecked. To solve this traffic problem, we need to adapt the business logic and the services connectivity. The adapted business logic makes the critical services as a common service that can be reached automatically. In this paper, we present a new framework to adapt the connectivity of the business process workflow. The main components of this proposed framework are the workflow parser, the smart service core, and the business logic generator. Finally, we illustrate the usage of the framework and the prototype by using a real case study obtained from a banking system.