Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of multi-targets tracking algorithm based on proposed particle filtering

Aiming at data correlation and estimation problems in particle filtering multi-targets tracking, classical particle filtering is extended into multi-targets state estimation in the given several observation process. Gibbs sampling is regarded as the methods of estimation and allocation correlation vector. Target state vector and association probability was jointly estimated without list, trim, threshold and other algorithms. This avoids merger drawbacks. Test is running in real video sequence. Stable tracking is realized under the complex tracking conditions. Experiments show that algorithms have strong the ability of solving data association problems.
Individual-Based Model to Simulate Crowd Dynamics Using Artificial Potential Fields

Crowd dynamics has been investigated for several years by many researchers. Computer based models prove to offer the optimum way to simulate the crowd dynamics especially in situations that need simulation of realistic behaviour such as in the emergency situations. In this paper, an individual-based model to simulate the behaviour of human crowd is developed. Using the artificial potential fields, a new approach to link the behaviour of each member in the crowd and the components of the environment is presented. Generalized Morse potential (GMP) is used to describe the interaction forces between each member and the environment on one side and amongst the crowd members on the other side to add realistic flavour to the predicted crowd behaviour along with simple calculations that are required especially for crowds with large number of individuals. Numerical results that match the observations of human crowd behaviour prove the efficiency and applicability of the model .
Based on backstepping control with time-delay estimation and nonlinear damping adaptive PID control for unmanned aerial vehicle

This paper presents an adaptive PID control for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control system with uncertain nonlinear dynamics. Backstepping control with time-delay estimation and nonlinear damping (BCTND) is introduced into traditional PID control of UAV control system. The flight characteristics of UAV used in this adaptive PID control is analyzed in a six degree of freedom equation of motion. Simulation results of UAV flight trajectory and UAV flight attitude are demonstrated in order to show that the proposed algorithm is robust and adaptive, and it is suitable for the guidance problem of UAV control system with uncertain nonlinear dynamics.
Coding on demand by an informed source (ISCOD) for efficient broadcast of different supplemental data to caching clients

The Informed-Source Coding On Demand (ISCOD) approach for efficiently supplying nonidentical data from a central server to multiple caching clients over a broadcast channel is presented. The key idea underlying ISCOD is the joint exploitation of the data blocks already cached by each client, the server's full knowledge of client-cache contents and client requests, and the fact that each client only needs to be able to derive the blocks requested by it rather than all the blocks ever transmitted or even the union of the blocks requested by the different clients. We present two-phase ISCOD algorithms: the server first creates ad-hoc error-correction sets based on its knowledge of client states; next, it uses erasure-correction codes to construct the data for transmission. Each client uses its cached data and the received supplemental data to derive its requested blocks. The result is up to a several-fold reduction in the amount of transmitted supplemental data. Also, we define k-partial cliques in a directed graph and cast ISCOD in terms of partial-clique covers.
The Self in Social Interactions: Sensory Attenuation of Auditory Action Effects Is Stronger in Interactions with Others

The experience of oneself as an agent not only results from interactions with the inanimate environment, but often takes place in a social context. Interactions with other people have been suggested to play a key role in the construal of self-agency. Here, we investigated the influence of social interactions on sensory attenuation of action effects as a marker of pre-reflective self-agency. To this end, we compared the attenuation of the perceived loudness intensity of auditory action effects generated either by oneself or another person in either an individual, non-interactive or interactive action context. In line with previous research, the perceived loudness of self-generated sounds was attenuated compared to sounds generated by another person. Most importantly, this effect was strongly modulated by social interactions between self and other. Sensory attenuation of self- and other-generated sounds was increased in interactive as compared to the respective individual action contexts. This is the first experimental evidence suggesting that pre-reflective self-agency can extend to and is shaped by interactions between individuals.
Application of fast parallel and sequential tree codes to computing three-dimensional flows with the vortex element and boundary element methods

A fast parallel oct-tree code originally developed for three-dimensional N-body gravitational simulations was modified into (1) a fast N-vortex code for viscous and inviscid vortex flow computations using the regularized vortex particle method (VEM), and (2) a fast N-panel code for solving boundary integral equations in potential flow aerodynamics using the boundary element method (BEM). The core of the fast tree code remains essentially unchanged between the different application codes: gravitation, VEM, BEM, etc. Only the modules that actually encode the physical model are changed. Particular attention is given to controlling the error introduced by the use of multipole expansions to represent the field produced by groups of elements, i.e., the tree code error. In particular, the acceptable error bound for use of any multipole expansion approximation is a run-time parameter. Program outputs include statistics on the errors for the field evaluation at all element locations. Problems in VEM and BEM involving N in the range 10 4 to over 10 6 are computed on parallel supercomputers. Problems with N in the range 10 3 to 10 5 are computed on workstations. Performance results are presented, together with sample computational results. For the VEM method, a high order particle redistribution scheme has been incorporated, in an efficient way, into the parallel tree code. It is applied, if necessary, to ensure that the core overlapping condition remains satisfied in long time computations. In addition, two different relaxation schemes have also been incorporated and partially tested. Such schemes are applied, if necessary, to ensure that the particle representation of the vorticity field remains a good representation of the true divergence free vorticity field in long time computations.
Multi-point Cartesian compliance control of manipulators using the dynamically consistent extended Jacobian and its pseudo-inverse

A Cartesian compliance based control scheme is presented for the serial manipulator. The controller allows one to specify the desired compliance characteristics of multiple points along the linkage chain in addition to that of the end effector. This is necessary for the task which requires complete control of the whole arm motion. The number of these points can virtually be arbitrary. Nevertheless, as the specified points increases, further shortage of necessary degrees of freedom affects the success of regulating the compliance of the supplementary points. As a result, the compliance characteristics of the specified points will be addressed with the best effort of the control scheme in addition to the desired end effector compliance of the manipulator.
A game model based co-evolutionary for constrained multiobjective optimization problems

The use of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to solve problems with multiple objectives (known as multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs)) has attracted much attention recently. Population based approaches, such as EAs, offer a means to find a group of Pareto-optimal solutions in a single run. However, most studies are undertaken on unconstrained MOPs. Recently, we developed the co-evolutionary algorithms for unconstrained MOPs. The objective of this paper is to introduce a modification to co-evolutionary algorithms for handling constraints. The solutions, provided by the proposed algorithm for one test problem, are promising when compared with an existing well-known algorithm.
Verifying Mutual Exclusion and Liveness Properties with TLA

In this paper we prove the correctness of Peterson’s mutual exclusion algo-rithm using the Temporal Logic of Actions (TLA). We present a precise analysis of the algorithm for two processes: the formal speciﬁcation of the algorithm, of the mutual exclusion property and of the liveness property and the proof that the algorithm satisﬁes these two properties.
Error analysis of a public domain pronunciation dictionary

We explore pattern recognition techniques for verifying the correctness of a pronunciation lexicon, focusing on techniques that require limited human interaction. We evaluate the British English Example Pronunciation (BEEP) dictionary [1], a popular public domain resource that is widely used in English speech processing systems. The techniques being investigated are applied to the lexicon and the results of each step are illustrated using sample entries. We find that as many as 5553 words in the BEEP dictionary are incorrect. We demonstrate the effect of correction techniques on a lexicon and implement the lexicon in an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system.
Cosmopolitan Perspectives on Academic Leadership in Higher Education

This book explores what academic leadership in higher education might mean in the cosmopolitan and increasingly globalised 21st century through individual academics' narrative accounts drawn from a range of international contexts. The book shows that academic leadership is key to an individual's development and that it could mean different things in different settings as academics operate across the levels of professional practice, institutional organisation, sector-wide systems and international networks. This book argues for the importance of cosmopolitan perspectives on academic leadership which are developed from the particularities of local and everyday situated experience. Part I of the book explores key theoretical perspectives; Part II provides first-hand accounts from the contributors of their own development as academic leaders; and Part III discusses some of the implications for those with responsibility for academic development and for all those concerned with developing the qualities necessary for leadership practices.
DEGseq: an R package for identifying differentially expressed genes from RNA-seq data

SUMMARY High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is rapidly emerging as a major quantitative transcriptome profiling platform. Here, we present DEGseq, an R package to identify differentially expressed genes or isoforms for RNA-seq data from different samples. In this package, we integrated three existing methods, and introduced two novel methods based on MA-plot to detect and visualize gene expression difference. AVAILABILITY The R package and a quick-start vignette is available at http://bioinfo.au. tsinghua.edu. cn/software/degseq
Understanding future challenges for networked public display systems in community settings

Networked public displays are envisioned as a communication medium for the 21st century, and as such they have a great potential to address place-based communities. This area has seen an increasing numbers of investigations of networked public displays effects on communities and the way they impact interactions between community members. However, most of this research stands alone in isolation, with little work looking into synthesizing the systems, processes, research questions, and evaluation procedures and effects they produce. In this paper we look at seminal works in the area, i.e., the Wray Photo Display, the Plasma Poster Network, CoCollage, and UBI-Hotspots, and analyze the systems themselves, settings in which they were deployed and respective communities, the processes leading to building up the system, the research questions that were examined, and the effects of the networked public display systems on the community. We discuss the similarities and differences in these works and provide insights for the designers and developers of similar future systems, with a goal to present open challenges for the future work.
One Dimensional Man Studies In The Ideology Of Advanced Industrial Society

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Cosmic Complementarity: H 0 and Ω M from Combining Cmb Experiments and Redshift Surveys

We show that upcoming CMB satellite experiments and large redshift surveys can be used together to yield 5% determinations of H 0 and Ω m , an order of magnitude improvement over CMB data alone. CMB anisotropies provide the sound horizon at recombination as a standard ruler. For reasonable baryon fractions, this scale is imprinted on the galaxy power spectrum as a series of spectral features. Measuring these features in redshift space determines the Hubble constant, which in turn yields Ω m once combined with CMB data. Since the oscillations in both power spectra are frozen in at recombination, this test is insensitive to low-redshift cosmology. Subject headings: cosmology: theory – dark matter – large-scale structure of the universe – cosmic microwave background 1. INTRODUCTION In the usual cosmological paradigm, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) contains a vast amount of information about cosmological parameters (Hu et al. 1997). With upcoming experiments, most notably the two satellite missions MAP 2 and Planck 3 , detailed measurements of the angular power spectra of its anisotropy and polarization may accurately determine many cosmological parameters (Jungman et al. 1996; Bond et al. 1997; Zaldarriaga et al. 1997). However, certain changes in the cosmological parameters can conspire to leave the CMB power spectra unchanged, resulting in degenerate directions in the parameter space (Bond et al. 1994, 1997; Zaldarriaga et al. 1997; Huey et al. 1998). For example, since the Hub-ble constant H 0 and the matter density Ω m can be varied while keeping the angular diameter distance and the matter-radiation ratio fixed, their values remain uncertain but highly correlated. Such degeneracies must be broken with cosmological information from other sources. Upcoming redshift surveys for the study of large-scale structure hold the potential for resolving this issue. In particular, the 2dF survey 4 and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) 5 should measure the galaxy power spectrum on large enough scales to allow detailed comparisons to the mass power spectra predicted by cosmological theories. In this Letter and a companion paper (Eisenstein, Hu, & Tegmark 1998, hereafter EHT), we explore the potential of combining redshift surveys and CMB anisotropy data for the purpose of parameter estimation. Here, we focus on the dramatic improvement possible in the measurement of H 0 and Ω m. Neither data set yields tight limits by itself, yet together they could yield errors better than 5% on H 0 and 10% …
Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of inhaled loxapine in subjects on chronic, stable antipsychotic regimens

This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study was to determine the pharmacokinetic characteristics, safety, and tolerability of multiple doses of inhaled loxapine aerosol in subjects on a stable, oral, chronic antipsychotic regimen. Loxapine was delivered by means of a unique thermally generated aerosol comprising drug particles of a size designed for deep lung delivery and absorption. Thirty‐two subjects were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive inhaled loxapine (total doses of 15, 20, or 30 mg) or inhaled placebo administered in 3 divided doses, given 4 hours apart. Following inhalation, the median Tmax was 2 minutes, and concentrations declined to about half Cmax approximately 5 minutes later across the 3 dose levels. The dose proportionality across data from this study combined with data from the single‐dose study showed a slope (90%CI) of log AUCinf versus log dose of 0.818 (0.762–0.875) across the 8 doses (n = 60 subjects) studied, indicating reasonable dose proportionality. The most common adverse events were cough (3 of 32, 9%), sedation (3 of 32, 9%), and dysgeusia (2 of 32, 6%). The inhalation of multiple doses of inhaled loxapine were well tolerated in study subjects and provided a safe, well‐tolerated means for rapidly and reliably achieving therapeutic plasma concentrations of loxapine. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00555412
Multiple Antennas in Mobile Communications Concepts and Algorithms

Multiple antenna systems have become very popular since the middle of the nineties. The growing demand in high data rate communications and simultaneous bandwidth restrictions emphasize the necessity of systems with high spectral efficiencies. This paper gives an overview of the application of multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver for mobile radio communications. It is explained how the channel properties and the level of channel knowledge affect the best strategy to use multiple antennas. Diversity concepts and beamforming enhancing the link reliability are discussed as well as approaches multiplying the achievable data rate by space division multiple access.
Barriers to effective communication between veterans with chronic kidney disease and their healthcare providers

Background Many patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have insufficient knowledge about CKD, which is associated with poorer health outcomes. Effective patient–provider communication can improve CKD patients' knowledge, thereby augmenting their participation in self-care practices. However, barriers to addressing CKD patients' information needs have not been previously characterized. Methods Adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or on chronic dialysis or with a kidney transplant were recruited from a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) nephrology clinic. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted to assess patients' CKD information needs and demographic characteristics. A qualitative approach was used to analyze interview transcripts and identify themes pertaining to communication dynamics. Results Thirty-two patients participated. The mean age of participants was 63 years; most were male (94%) and non-Hispanic white (53%). CKD severity groups represented included CKD-3 (eGFR 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2; 34%), CKD-4 (eGFR 15–29 mL/min/1.73 m2; 25%), CKD-5 (eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2; 16%), end-stage kidney disease on dialysis (13%) and kidney transplant recipients (12%). Several key themes emerged about barriers to patient–provider communication based on patients' reported care at both VA and non-VA facilities, including patients perceived their role as a ‘listener’, reported limited CKD knowledge, did not understand physicians' explanations and were dissatisfied with the patient–provider relationship. Conclusions Several barriers to patient–provider communication prevent patients from meeting their information needs and perpetuate patient passivity. Future research should evaluate whether interventions that empower CKD patients to actively participate in their care increase knowledge and improve health outcomes.
Computing threshold functions using dendrites

Neurons, modeled as linear threshold unit (LTU), can in theory compute all thresh- old functions. In practice, however, some of these functions require synaptic weights of arbitrary large precision. We show here that dendrites can alleviate this requirement. We introduce here the non-Linear Threshold Unit (nLTU) that integrates synaptic input sub-linearly within distinct subunits to take into account local saturation in dendrites. We systematically search parameter space of the nTLU and TLU to compare them. Firstly, this shows that the nLTU can compute all threshold functions with smaller precision weights than the LTU. Secondly, we show that a nLTU can compute significantly more functions than a LTU when an input can only make a single synapse. This work paves the way for a new generation of network made of nLTU with binary synapses.
The Influence of Retention, Turnover, and Alliance on Process and Outcomes in Rolling Group Psychotherapy for Cocaine Disorder

ABSTRACT A longitudinal repeated measures design was used to investigate the influence of treatment retention, and membership turnover on individual outcomes, and the relationship between individual-level and group-level therapeutic alliance in rolling group psychotherapy for individuals with cocaine abuse disorder. Eighteen patients were studied; data were collected prior to therapy and then monthly for 24 months. Patient outcomes and process were assessed. Improvements in symptoms and psychological functioning were associated with retention in psychotherapy. Membership turnover had a negative influence on symptoms. Development of an individual alliance was affected by the development of group-level therapeutic alliance, but not by time spent in therapy.
Stochastic Network Fluid Modeling with Probabilistic Wavelet System

A probabilistic wavelet system (PWS) is proposed to model the unknown network fluid dynamical system with stochastic and incomplete traffic data. When compared with the traditional wavelet system, the PWS uses a novel three-domain wavelet function to make a balance among probability, time and frequency domain, which may achieve a robust modeling performance with poor data information. The definition, transformation and implementation of the PWS are presented for the data-based modeling of network system. Simulation studies show that the performance of the proposed PWS is superior to the traditional one in the stochastic and incomplete data-based modeling system.
Clustering documents on case vectors represented by predicate-argument structures - applied for eliciting technological problems from patents

Patent analysis is useful to understand the trends of technological problems and develop strategies for technologies. Here patent classification is a method to support the analysis. The purpose of this study is to propose a method for patent classification, with the use of hierarchical clustering based on the structural similarity of problems to be solved. The structural similarity can be calculated with case vectors based on predicate-argument structures of the contents of the patents. The interview survey indicated that this classification plays an essential role in analogical problem solving, by allowing visualization of similar technological problems.