Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the role of structural class of a protein with two‐state folding kinetics in determining correlations between its size, topology, and folding rate

The time it takes for proteins to fold into their native states varies over several orders of magnitude depending on their native‐state topology, size, and amino acid composition. In a number of previous studies, it was found that there is strong correlation between logarithmic folding rates and contact order for proteins that fold with two‐state kinetics, while such correlation is absent for three‐state proteins. Conversely, strong correlations between folding rates and chain length occur within three‐state proteins, but not in two‐state proteins. Here, we demonstrate that chain lengths and folding rates of two‐state proteins are not correlated with each other only when all‐α, all‐β, and mixed‐class proteins are considered together, which is typically the case. However, when considering all‐α and all‐β two‐state proteins separately, there is significant linear correlation between folding rate and size. Moreover, the sets of data points for the all‐α and all‐β classes define asymptotes of lower and upper limits on folding rates of mixed‐class proteins. By analyzing correlation of other topological parameters with folding rates of two‐state proteins, we find that only the long‐range order exhibits correlation with folding rates that is uniform over all three classes. It is also the only descriptor to provide statistically significant correlations for each of the three structural classes. We give an interpretation of this observation in terms of Makarov and Plaxco's diffusion‐based topomer‐search model.
Early Hemoconcentration Predicts Increased Mortality Only among Transferred Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

Background/Aims: The prognostic utility of hemoconcentration in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains controversial. Methods: We examined the relationship between early hemoconcentration and in-hospital mortality in an observational cohort study. Data was collected from 177 US hospitals from January 2004 to September 2005. Early hemoconcentration was defined as hemoglobin ≥14.6 mg/dl (hematocrit ∼44%) at any point during the first 24 h of initial hospitalization. For transferred cases, we linked clinical data from the first hospitalization to outcomes from the second hospitalization. We then examined the impact of hospital transfer status on the prognostic utility of hemoconcentration. Results: We identified 388 (2.2%) cases as interhospital transfers. Of these, we successfully linked 198 (51.0%) to their initial hospitalization. Early hemoconcentration was associated with increased mortality among transferred cases (OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.6, 35.4). However, no such relationship existed among non-transferred cases (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.7, 1.2). Differences in outcome between transferred vs. nontransferred cases were not explained by extent of comorbid illness or initial disease severity (either APACHE II or organ failure). Conclusions: Early hemoconcentration predicted increased risk of mortality only among transferred cases despite similar levels of initial disease severity. These findings may help explain discordant results from prior studies of hemoconcentration in AP.
Iterative Decoding and Soft Interference Cancellation for the Gaussian Multiple Access Channel

For the Gaussian multiple access channel, we studied a joint channel decoderand multiple access interference canceller. For each user, the decoderoutput was used to generate a soft estimate of the user signal. Theestimate was improved by iterating decoding and cancellation untilconvergence was reached. A final, hard decoding was then performed.Simulation results are presented.
Purification and Characterization of Cytochrome P450 Reductase from Liver Microsomes of Feral Leaping Mullet (Liza saliens)

NADPH‐cytochrome P450 reductase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from detergent‐solubilized liver microsomes from the leaping mullet (Liza saliens). The purified reductase was characterized with respect to spectral, electrophoretic, and biocatalytic properties. In addition, effects of pH, ionic strength, and the substrate concentration on the NADPH‐dependent cytochrome c reductase activity of the purified fish liver cytochrome P450 reductase were studied. Cytochrome P450 reductase was purified 438‐fold with a yield of 17.5% with respect to the initial amount present in the fish liver microsomes. The specific activity of the enzyme was found to be 52.6 μmol cytochrome c reduced per minute per mg protein. The monomer molecular weight of the purified enzyme was calculated to be 77,000 ± 1000 when electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels under the denaturing conditions in the presence of SDS. The absorption spectrum of fish reductase showed two peaks at 378 and 455 nm. NADPH‐dependent cytochrome c reductase activity of the purified Liza saliens liver cytochrome P450 reductase was found to be maximal when pH was between 7.4 and 7.8. The apparent Km of the purified enzyme was found to be 7.69 μM for cytochrome c when the enzyme activity was measured in 0.3 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.7, at room temperature, and the enzyme was fully saturated by its substrate, cytochrome c, when the substrate concentration was at or above the 70 μM. Furthermore, the purified enzyme was biocatalytically active in reconstituting the 7‐ethoxyresorufin O‐deethylase activity in the reconstituted system containing purified mullet liver cytochrome P4501A1 and lipid. These results suggested that the purified fish liver cytochrome P450 reductase is similar to its mammalian counterparts with respect to spectral, electrophoretic, and biocatalytic properties. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biochem Toxicol 12: 103–113, 1998
Understanding physical activity in individuals with prediabetes: an application of social cognitive theory

Despite well-documented evidence implicating physical activity (PA) in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, the overwhelming majority of individuals with prediabetes are not physically active enough. The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of the social cognitive theory (SCT) in understanding PA behaviour in individuals with prediabetes. Individuals with prediabetes (N = 232) completed a mailed questionnaire assessing demographics, self-reported PA (MET.min/wk) and SCT constructs for PA MET.min/wk. For PA MET.min/wk, scheduling and task efficacy both had significant effects on PA (β = .30 and .22, respectively). Goal formation also had a direct effect on PA for scheduling, coping and task efficacy (β = .20, .34 and .30, respectively). Task, coping and scheduling efficacy explained a significant portion of the variance in PA behaviour. Overall, SCT appears to have merit as a model for understanding PA in individuals with prediabetes. Further evaluative inquiry is needed to establish support for the use of the SCT as a framework for developing, implementing and evaluating PA behaviour change interventions in this population.
Identification of microRNAs in human circulating monocytes of postmenopausal osteoporotic Mexican-Mestizo women: A pilot study

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that serve an important regulatory role in living organisms. These molecules are associated with multiple biological processes and are potential biomarkers in multiple diseases. The present study aimed to further identify miRNAs that are differentially expressed in circulating monocytes (CMCs) from postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo women. Microarray analyses of monocytes using Affymetrix miRNA 4.0 and Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays were performed in 6 normal and 6 osteoporotic women, followed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) validation. The overexpression of miR-1270, miR-548×-3p and miR-8084 were detected in the osteoporosis compared with the normal group according to the microarray analysis; miR-1270, a miRNA with several target genes associated with bone remodeling, was validated by RT-qPCR. Bioinformatics analysis identified that interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is the most likely target gene of miR-1270, which is associated with osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, the findings of the present study demonstrate that an upregulation of miR-1270 may reduce the gene expression of IRF8 in CMCs (osteoclast precursors), implicating its potential role in leading to low bone mineral density and contributing to osteoporosis development in postmenopausal women.
Mutual exclusion method in client-side aggregation of cloud storage

Consumers continue to produce and spend a huge amount of data using consumer electronic devices. To store consumers’ data, a huge volume of storage is needed. A cloud-of-clouds which is a virtual cloud storage service using heterogeneous public cloud storage services can be a solution. To support concurrent accesses for multiple consumers and devices, a mutual exclusion in a cloud-of-clouds is necessary. In this paper, we propose a mutual exclusion method for concurrent accesses in a cloud-of-clouds. The proposed method includes an atomic operation for cloud-of-clouds, a deadlock recovery and a race condition control.
Multi-objective optimal integration of biorefineries using NSGA-II and MOGWO

Biorefineries convert biomass from a wide variety of easily available feedstock to a potentially wide range of products (including biofuels) in a sustainable and environmentally friendly way. In this work, we consider the integration of a biorefinery to consume the biomass produced from a kraft pulp and paper plant and maximize its economic performance while minimizing the environmental impact. These objectives are often conflicting in nature, hence can be formulated into a multi-objective optimization problem. We propose special strategies to handle the resulting combinatorial problem. In this work, the well-established Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm - II as well as the newly develop Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer are employed and their performances are evaluated.
Actigraphy of Wrist and Ankle for Measuring Sleep Duration in Altitude Travelers.

Latshang, Tsogyal Daniela, Daniela Juliana Mueller, Christian Maurizio Lo Cascio, Anne-Christin Stöwhas, Katrin Stadelmann, Noemi Tesler, Peter Achermann, Reto Huber, Malcolm Kohler, and Konrad Ernst Bloch. Actigraphy of wrist and ankle for measuring sleep duration in altitude travelers. High Alt Med Biol. 17:194-202, 2016-Aims: Actigraphy might be convenient to assess sleep disturbances in altitude field studies. Therefore, we evaluated whether actigraphy accurately measures sleep duration in healthy subjects traveling to altitude. METHODS Fifty-one healthy men, aged mean ± standard deviation (SD) 27 ± 9 years, were studied during one night at Zurich (490 m), two nights at Davos Wolfgang (1630 m), and two nights at Jakobshorn (2590 m), in randomized order. Sleep duration measured by actigraphy, using a one-axis device at the wrist (n = 51), a three-axis device at the other wrist, and a three-axis device at the ankle (n = 22), was compared with corresponding total sleep time (TST) measured by polysomnography. RESULTS During 255 polysomnographic overnight studies, 449 paired actigraphic recordings were obtained. The median polysomnographic-derived TST ranged from 397 to 408 minutes. Actigraphic mean TST from wrists with one-axis and three-axis devices, and from ankle agreed well with polysomnographic values with a bias of +1, -7, +6 minutes, respectively. Corresponding limits of agreement (±2 SD of bias) were ±51, ±60, and ±59 minutes. Limits of agreement of mean TST over five nights by actigraphy and polysomnography were similar to the coefficient of repeatability (2 SD of mean) of polysomnographic TST, that is, ±31, ±38, and ±36 minutes versus ±34 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Actigraphy of the wrist or ankle by a one-axis or a three-axis device accurately estimates mean TST in groups of subjects and mean TST over several nights in individuals traveling to altitude. Therefore, actigraphy is valuable for assessing effects of altitude and other environmental influences on sleep duration during field studies over extended periods.
Deformable surface registration for breast tumors tracking: A phantom study

A phantom study for breast tumor registration based on the deformation of the external surface is proposed. This study aims at the integration into an image guided system for breast cancer biopsy or ablation. To compensate potentially large breast displacements, due to different positions of the breast during biopsy or ablation compared with pre-operative data, where the diagnosis was made, an initial linear alignment using visible landmarks is involved, followed by thin-plate spline (TPS) registration of the linearly aligned surfaces. Subsequently, the TPS deformation will be applied to the tumors. The results were validated using a multimodal phantom of the breast, while the tumors and the surface were segmented on four different positions of the phantom: prone, supine, vertical and on a side. The use of computed tomography (CT) dataset allowed us to obtain a very precise segmentation of the external surface, of the tumors and the landmarks. Despite large variation among the different positions of the phantom due to the gravitational force, the accuracy of the method at the target point was under 5 millimeters. These results allow us to conclude that, using our prototype image registration system, we are able to align acquisition of the breast in different positions with clinically relevant accuracy.
Resemblance to vWD Types and Laboratory Diagnosis of Obligatory Carriers of Type 3 von Willebrand Disease

Objectives: It is important to diagnose obligatory carrier (OC) type 3 von Willebrand Disease (vWD) in countries, such as Turkey, where marriages between relatives is common. However, mild bleeding or no bleeding in such patients complicates the diagnosis of the disease. It is not clear how the diagnosis of OC type 3 vWD will be made based on FVIII:C (Factor VIII activity), vWF:Ag (von Willebrand factor antigen), vWF:RCo (von Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor activity), and PFA (platelet function analyzer )-100 parameters. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate how OC type 3 vWD diagnoses may be established by studying laboratory phenotypes of close relatives of patients with diagnosed 3 vWD. Patients and Methods: 8 patients with type 3 vWD (index cases) and 20 patients who were defined as OCs type 3 vWD were enrolled into the study. Result: 10 cases had similarity with mild type VWD, 4 cases had similarity with moderate type 1 vWD, 4 other cases had type 1 or 2 vWD similarities, 1 case had similarity with severe type 1 vWD, and 1 case also had similarity with severe type 1 or type 2 vWD; regarding their laboratory phenotypic characteristics. Conclusion: we identified that OC type 3 vWD is similar specifically to type 1 vWD in terms of laboratory phenotypic character, and we suggest that it may be used with PFA-100 as an easy and fast method in screening relatives.
Effects of exercise and lack of exercise on insulin sensitivity and responsiveness.

Insulin action is enhanced in people who exercise regularly and vigorously. In the present study, the hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp procedure was used to determine whether this enhanced insulin action is due to an increased sensitivity and/or an increased responsiveness to insulin. To avoid the variability that exists between individuals and complicates cross-sectional studies, the same subjects were studied in the trained exercising state and again after 10 days of physical inactivity. When the plasma insulin concentration was maintained at approximately 78 microU.ml-1 (a submaximal level), glucose disposal rate averaged 8.7 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1 before and 6.7 +/- 0.6 mg.kg-1.min-1 after 10 days of activity (P less than 0.001). When the plasma insulin concentration was maintained at approximately 2,000 microU.ml-1 (a maximally effective concentration), the rate of glucose disposal was not significantly different before (15.3 +/- 0.5 mg.kg-1.min-1) compared with after (14.5 +/- 0.4 mg.kg-1.min-1) 10 days without exercise. These results provide evidence that the reversal of enhanced insulin action that occurs within a few days when exercise-trained individuals stop exercising is due to a decrease in sensitivity to insulin, not to a decrease in insulin responsiveness.
Can agency theory disclose organizational commitment? Exploring employees and agency workers

In the 21st century, dispatching human resources is an important means by which an enterprise is able to maintain a flexible workforce and reduce cost. By taking advantage of human resources dispatching, the user company can acurtail employment costs and risks, and be more responsive to uncertainty in the changing environment. However, human resources dispatching has the inherent risk that talents will not be retained for the enterprise's operation. Thus, such temporary employment should be used with caution. This study explores the enterprise's (user company) use of traditional employment and human resources dispatching (using full-time employees and agency workers) from an agency perspective, and considers the relationship between agency problems and cost. This study also seeks to explore whether different employment relationships between full-time employees and agency workers entail different organizational commitments. Our propositions are that (a) full-time employees have stronger affective commitment than do agency workers, (b) agency workers relate more strongly to normative commitment than do full-time employees, and (c) full-time employees and agency workers are equally strong in continuance commitment. On this basis, this study sets out the managerial implications of human resources dispatching and recommends that the organizational commitment of agency workers be considered for future management of human resources dispatching. In this way, enterprises can pursue cost saving and flexible employment more effectively.
Electroencephalographic Activity Before and After Cognitive Effort in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Numerous studies have detected elevated electroencephalographic (EEG) theta/beta ratio (TBR) or theta power in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and therefore TBR has been suggested to be a promising biomarker of ADHD. At the same time, recent theoretical models have emphasized the heterogeneity of ADHD and the notion that cognitive deficits in ADHD are not fixed but fluctuate according to contextual and state factors. Surprisingly, so far the context- or state-dependency of EEG abnormalities in ADHD has hardly been addressed. Therefore, in the current study, 3 minutes eyes closed resting EEG before and after execution of 3 n-back tasks were compared between 21 children with ADHD and 22 typically developing children. No difference between groups was found for TBR or theta power (or other frequency bands), neither before nor after task execution, indicating that enhanced TBR or theta power is not to be considered universal for the disorder. Hence, cautiousness is warranted in using these indices for diagnostic purposes in ADHD. Across groups, posterior theta power, as well as central and posterior beta power was attenuated after task execution, which was interpreted as the children experiencing a more alert state after cognitive effort. Yet, this EEG modulation was similar in both groups, providing no support for a context-or state-dependency of EEG abnormalities in ADHD. However, in light of the absence of any group differences in EEG parameters, further research is warranted.
Environmental Tax as an Instrument to Restore Coastal Pollution in Banyuwangi Regency

Activities related to preservation of the environment are not yet fully able to overcome and suppress the destruction and pollution of the good being done by members of the public or business entity or industry groups. In response to this, in fiscal perspective there are some fiscal schemes that could be done to implement the green economy (green economy) that supports the preservation of the environment. Two of the standout instrument is subsidies and taxes. Subsidies have the characteristics of positive externalities which may be a reference to the transition to a green economy. Such subsidies can support in terms of price, tax incentives and grants directly to related environmental activities (Hanley, n. and c. l. Spash, 2013). The application of the idea of environmental tax assignment in addressing the problems of environmental degradation in the coastal area of Banyuwangi Regency is done through several stages: (1) planning. Set goals and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with environmental tax assignment policy. In the determination process of the policy required the existence of a review of the Government's response to the State of the environment from all aspects in order to make the purpose of this policy can be achieved. The review should include the following matters, namely: (a) the identification of all aspects of environmental conditions. For example, environmental conditions before he did, when he did, nor the policy the policy, (b). The identification of the applicable legislation and (c). Identification is also the response of the public, the concerned business entity, and the Government's response to this policy, and (2) implementation and operation. In the implementation of the environmental tax assignment policy required the existence of a sustainable relationship between the Government and the community. The Government is expected to give guidance, knowledge development, and be held responsible for the policy that you created. Whereas the community is expected to support the Government's policy to create a better environment by means of adhering to regulations that have been made and agreed upon. If both of these things can be done then the purpose of this policy can be achieved. After the passing of this policy, the Government should always supervise and evaluate these policies in order to be able to walk better. The policy is only done in the scope of this little diaharapkan can be enacted and applied more broadly to the circumstances of the creation of a better environment.
Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Rhynchosciara americana salivary glands

The diptera Rhynchosciara americana (sciaridae) is an important model organism in polyteny and gene amplification research, but up to now a limited amount of data regarding DNA sequences and molecular aspects of this species is available. Considering the importance of going further on the DNA puffs biological meaning, we proposed to generate EST sequences from a DNA library constructed from salivary glands. After their categorization in gene ontology terms, they were used to construct an ‘electronic Northern’ that represents a general view of the salivary gland metabolic status in an important phase of larval development: the spinning of communal cocoon. In this phase occurs the last polytene DNA replication cycle concomitantly with the specific loci amplification related to protein secretion.