Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Support Platform for Event Detection using Social Intelligence

This paper describes a system designed to support event detection over Twitter. The system operates by querying the data stream with a user-specified set of keywords, filtering out non-English messages, and probabilistically geolocating each message. The user can dynamically set a probability threshold over the geolocation predictions, and also the time interval to present data for.
Hes1 and Hes5 Activities Are Required for the Normal Development of the Hair Cells in the Mammalian Inner Ear

The mammalian inner ear contains two sensory organs, the cochlea and vestibule. Their sensory neuroepithelia are characterized by a mosaic of hair cells and supporting cells. Cochlear hair cells differentiate in four rows: a single row of inner hair cells (IHCs) and three rows of outer hair cells (OHCs). Recent studies have shown that Math1, a mammalian homolog of Drosophila atonal is a positive regulator of hair cell differentiation. The basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) genes Hes1 andHes5 (mammalian hairy andEnhancer-of-split homologs) can influence cell fate determination by acting as negative regulators to inhibit the action of bHLH-positive regulators. We show by using reverse transcription-PCR analysis that Hes1, Hes5, andMath1 are expressed in the developing mouse cochleae.In situ hybridization revealed a widespread expression of Hes1 in the greater epithelial ridge (GER) and in lesser epithelial ridge (LER) regions. Hes5 is predominantly expressed in the LER, in supporting cells, and in a narrow band of cells within the GER. Examination of cochleae fromHes1−/− mice showed a significant increase in the number of IHCs, whereas cochleae fromHes5−/− mice showed a significant increase in the number of OHCs. In the vestibular system, targeted deletion of Hes1 and to a lesser extentHes5 lead to formation of supernumerary hair cells in the saccule and utricle. The supernumerary hair cells in the mutant mice showed an upregulation of Math1. These data indicate that Hes1 andHes5 participate together for the control of inner ear hair cell production, likely through the negative regulation of Math1.
Quo Vadis Venomics? A Roadmap to Neglected Venomous Invertebrates

Venomics research is being revolutionized by the increased use of sensitive -omics techniques to identify venom toxins and their transcripts in both well studied and neglected venomous taxa. The study of neglected venomous taxa is necessary both for understanding the full diversity of venom systems that have evolved in the animal kingdom, and to robustly answer fundamental questions about the biology and evolution of venoms without the distorting effect that can result from the current bias introduced by some heavily studied taxa. In this review we draw the outlines of a roadmap into the diversity of poorly studied and understood venomous and putatively venomous invertebrates, which together represent tens of thousands of unique venoms. The main groups we discuss are crustaceans, flies, centipedes, non-spider and non-scorpion arachnids, annelids, molluscs, platyhelminths, nemerteans, and echinoderms. We review what is known about the morphology of the venom systems in these groups, the composition of their venoms, and the bioactivities of the venoms to provide researchers with an entry into a large and scattered literature. We conclude with a short discussion of some important methodological aspects that have come to light with the recent use of new -omics techniques in the study of venoms.
The morphology and attachment of Protopolystoma xenopodis (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) infecting the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis

The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis (Anura: Pipidae) is host to more than 25 parasite genera encompassing most of the parasitic invertebrate groups. Protopolystoma xenopodis Price, 1943 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) is one of two monogeneans infecting X. laevis. This study focussed on the external morphology of different developmental stages using scanning electron microscopy, histology and light microscopy. Eggs are released continuously and are washed out when the frog urinates. After successful development, an active swimming oncomiracidium leaves the egg capsule and locates a potential post-metamorphic clawed frog. The oncomiracidium migrates to the kidney where it attaches and starts to feed on blood. The parasite then migrates to the urinary bladder where it reaches maturity. Eggs are fusiform, about 300 μm long, with a smooth surface and are operculated. Oncomiracidia are elongated and cylindrical in shape, with an oval posterior cup-shaped haptor that bears a total of 20 sclerites; 16 marginal hooklets used for attachment to the kidney of the host and two pairs of hamulus primordia. Cilia from the 64 ciliated cells enable the oncomiracidium to swim for up to 24 h when the cilia subsequently curl up, become non-functional and are shed from the body. The tegument between the ciliated cells bears a series of sensory papillae. The body of the mature parasite is elongated and pyriform and possesses an opisthaptor armed with three pairs of suckers and two pairs of falciform hooks to ensure a firm grip on the flexible internal surface of the urinary bladder.
Multifactor and analytical valuation of treasury bond futures with an embedded quality option

A closed‐form pricing solution is proposed for the quality option embedded in Treasury bond futures contracts, under a multifactor and D. Heath, R. Jarrow, and A. Morton (1992) Gaussian framework. Such an analytical solution can be obtained through a conditioning approximation, in the sense of M. Curran (1994) and L. Rogers and Z. Shi (1995), or via a rank 1 approximation, following A. Brace and M. Musiela (1994). Monte Carlo simulations show that both approximations are extremely accurate and easy to calculate. Application of the proposed pricing model to the EUREX market from January 2000 through May 2004, yields an excellent fit and an insignificant estimate of the quality option magnitude. On average, this delivery option accounts for only of the futures prices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:275–303, 2007
On the completeness of attack mutation algorithms

An attack mutation algorithm takes a known instance of an attack and transforms it into many distinct instances by repeatedly applying attack transformations. Such algorithms are widely used for testing intrusion detection systems. We investigate the notion of completeness of a mutation algorithm: its capability to generate all possible attack instances from a given set of attack transformations. We define the notion of a Phi-complete mutation algorithm. Given a set of transformations Phi, an algorithm is complete with respect to Phi, if it can generate every instance that the transformations in Phi derive. We show that if the rules in Phi are uniform and reversible then a Phi-complete algorithm exists. Intuitively speaking, uniform and reversible transformations mean that we can first exclusively apply transformations that simplify the attack, then exclusively apply transformations that complicate it, and still get all possible instances that are derived by the rules in Phi. Although uniformity and reversibility may appear severe restrictions, we show that common attack transformations are indeed uniform and reversible. Therefore, our Phi-complete algorithm can be incorporated into existing testing tools for intrusion detection systems. Furthermore, we show that a Phi-complete algorithm is useful, not only for testing purposes, but also for determining whether two packet traces are two different mutations of the same attack
Remarkable non-dipolar magnetic field of the Bp star HD 137509

The southern magnetic Bp star HD 137509 exhibits complex rotational modulation of the longitudinal field and other magnetic observables. Interpretation of this magnetic variability in the framework of the low-order multipolar field models suggests a very strong quadrupolar component to dominate the surface field topology of HD 137509. I have examined the high-quality VLT/UVES spectra of HD 137509 and discovered resolved Zeeman split components in some of the spectral lines. The inferred mean surface field modulus, � B� = 29 kG, agrees with the multipolar model predictions. This confirms the presence of an extremely strong non-dipolar magnetic field in HD 137509 and establishes this star as the object with the second-largest field among magnetic chemically peculiar stars.
A simple geometric blind source separation method for bounded magnitude sources

A novel blind source separation approach and the corresponding adaptive algorithm is presented. It is assumed that the observation mixture is obtained through an unknown memoryless linear mapping of independent and bounded magnitude sources. We further assume an initial adaptive prewhitening of the original observation vector which transforms it into a white vector with the same dimension as the original source vector. Our approach is centered around the basic geometric fact that, under a certain boundedness assumption, the unitary mapping which transforms the whitening output vector into an independent vector has the minimum value of maximum (real component) magnitude output over the ensemble of all output components. Therefore, the related criterion is the minimization of the infinity norm of the real component of the unitary separator's output over all possible output combinations. For the minimization of the corresponding nondifferentiable cost function, we propose the use of subgradient optimization methods to obtain a low complexity iterative adaptive solution. The resulting algorithm is fairly intuitive and simple, and provides a low complexity solution especially to a class of multiuser digital communications problems. We provide examples at the end of this paper to illustrate the performance of our algorithm.
International Conference on Communication Networks ( ICCN ) Neural Signal Front-end Amplifier in 45 nm Technology

: In this paper,a front-end amplifier is designed in 45nm CMOS technology (previously designed in 180 nm technology)for recording neural signals. This amplifier consists of three stages -(1) a pre-amplifier with a feedback loop,(2) a current gain stage with adjustable gain, and (3) a tunable filter. The first stage is a current-mode pre-amplifier with feedback loop. The feedback loop is used to bypass dc-offset current generated at the electrode-tissue interface. Adjustable current­ gain stage is the second stage which is used to adjust the gain of the amplifier by the applicationof digital signals . Tunable filter (third stage) adjusts the low-pass cut-off frequency for different neural signals. All the stages in the amplifier are current mode circuits. To convert the output current signal of the tunable filter into voltage signal a transimpedance amplifier is used. The measured maximum voltage gain of the amplifier is 72.5 db. The maximum current noise is 23pAJ.VHz, and the power consumption is 6J.1w at 0.8V power supply. Keywords-: Low power, low noise current density,Current­ mode,front-end, offset current.
A C + + Class Structure for System-Level Assertion-Based Verification

Assertion-based verification (ABV) is becoming a popular method of capturing requirements for a design and checking the behavior of the design in simulation against its expected behavior. A number of assertion languages are already widely used in industry to perform ABV on register-transfer level (RTL) designs. Meanwhile, new system-level design languages are helping designers manage the growing complexity of simulation models. However, there is little support for ABV in either system-level languages or the development environments currently available for them. This paper presents a scalable C++ class structure designed to provide basic ABV capabilities for simulation of systemlevel models. We also describe how we tested the class structure on two design examples.
The Value of Climate Amenities: Evidence from US Migration Decisions

We value climate amenities by estimating a discrete location choice model for households that changed metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) between 1995 and 2000. The utility of each MSA depends on location-specific amenities, earnings opportunities, housing costs, and the cost of moving to the MSA from the household's 1995 location. We use the estimated trade-off between wages and climate amenities to value changes in mean winter and summer temperatures. At median temperatures for 1970 to 2000, a 1°F increase in winter temperature is worth less than a 1° decrease in summer temperature; however, the reverse is true at winter temperatures below 25°F. These results imply an average welfare loss of 2.7 percent of household income in 2020 to 2050 under the B1 (climate-friendly) scenario from the special report on emissions scenarios (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 2000), although some cities in the Northeast and Midwest benefit. Under the A2 (more extreme) scenario, households in 25 of 26 cities suffer an average welfare loss equal to 5 percent of income.
Joint subspace beamforming and space-time coding in wireless MIMO systems

In this paper, we propose a new joint beamforming and space-time coding (STC) scheme for wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems based on block singular value decomposition (BSVD). By utilizing the BSVD, transmit and receive beamformers divide the MIMO channel into some decoupled MIMO subchannels, which have different sizes. Due to flexibility in dividing the MIMO channel and applying the STC to each MIMO subchannel independently, the system can be designed based on trade off between diversity, multiplexing and complexity. Combining the dominant subspace beamformer and Alamouti STC, which is developed based on one dimensional BSVD (1D-BSVD), can be considered as one approach. To evaluate the performance of the new approach, the bit error rate (BER) of the proposed joint beamforming and ST coding is compared with the BERs of the orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) and the quasi-OSTBCs (QOSTBCs) via computer simulations. The results show that the superior performance of the proposed approach.
Solving the \nearest Point on Object" Problem Using Recursive Subdivision Solving the \nearest Point on Object" Problem Using Recursive Subdivision

Finding the nearest point on a given 2D or 3D object computation is a problem that arises in many computer graphics applications, such as interactive modeling, rendering of implicit surfaces or collision detection. Unfortunately, for objects with complex geometry such as curves or surfaces, the computation cost becomes prohibitive as a minimization process acting in multiple dimensions has to be employed over the whole object. We propose a new approach, based on recursive subdivision of convex hulls, that is purely geometric and can be applied to a great variety of objects. Abstract : Finding the nearest point on a given 2D or 3D object computation is a problem that arises in many computer graphics applications, such as interactive modeling, rendering of implicit surfaces or collision detection. Unfortunately, for objects with complex geometry such as curves or surfaces, the computation cost becomes prohibitive as a minimization process acting in multiple dimensions has to be employed over the whole object. We propose a new approach, based on recursive subdivision of convex hulls, that is purely geometric and can be applied to a great variety of objects.
Progressive Polygonal Meshes

In this work we build a progressive polygonal mesh based on face clustering. The basic simpliﬁcation operations are the edge-removal and the edge-join operations. There is no need to tessellate non-triangular models as the proposed representation is fully polygonal. We investigate three different error measures to build the progressive representation based on a priority queue based face clustering algorithm. The progressive polygonal mesh representation is built with the inverse reﬁnement operations – the edge-insert and edge-split operations, which can be implemented very efﬁciently within a newly proposed half-edge data structure. We suggest a progressive ﬁle format that allows to read a polygonal model faster than with the standard binary ﬁle formats. Finally, we extend the proposed half-edge data structure to a progressive representation that does not consume any further storage space and allows for very fast changes in the mesh resolution.
Behavioral and Brain Measures of Executive Attention and School Competence in Late Childhood

This study examines the role of executive attention on school competence in early adolescence. Twelve-year-old children (N = 37) performed a combined Flanker–Go/No-Go task while their brain activation was registered using electroencephalogram (EEG). Additionally, measures of children regulation, schooling skills, and academic achievement were obtained. We observed that individual differences in executive attention and Effortful Control predict most dimensions of school competence. Also, individual differences in the amplitude of event-related potentials (ERPs) related to interference suppression predict school achievement and some skills important for school. The results are consistent with the role attributed to executive attention in self-regulation.
Optimization of the unit circle approximation by a polygon

The paper presents two optimization criteria of the approximation of the unit circle by a polygon: minimization of maximum approximation errors and minimization of mean square approximation errors. It is shown that application of the unit circle approximation by a polygon requires to compromise between minimization of three types of errors. The most beneficial approximation parameters values range is obtain for optimal applica- tion of the presented unit circle approximation by polygon. Streszczenie. Przedstawiono dwa kryteria optymalizacji aproksymacji okregu jednostkowego przez wielokąt: minimalizacja bledow maksymalnych aproksymacji i minimalizacja bledow średniokwadratowych aproksymacji. Wykazano, ze zastosowanie aproksymacji okregu jednostkowego wieloką- tem wymaga kompromisu pomiedzy minimalizacją trzech rodzajow bledow. Dla optymalnego stosowania przedstawionej aproksymacji przedstawio- no zakres najkorzystniejszych wartości parametrow aproksymacji (Optymalizacja aproksymacji okregu jednostkowego wielokątem).
Vertebral Adaptations to Large Body Size in Theropod Dinosaurs

Rugose projections on the anterior and posterior aspects of vertebral neural spines appear throughout Amniota and result from the mineralization of the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments via metaplasia, the process of permanent tissue-type transformation. In mammals, this metaplasia is generally pathological or stress induced, but is a normal part of development in some clades of birds. Such structures, though phylogenetically sporadic, appear throughout the fossil record of non-avian theropod dinosaurs, yet their physiological and adaptive significance has remained unexamined. Here we show novel histologic and phylogenetic evidence that neural spine projections were a physiological response to biomechanical stress in large-bodied theropod species. Metaplastic projections also appear to vary between immature and mature individuals of the same species, with immature animals either lacking them or exhibiting smaller projections, supporting the hypothesis that these structures develop through ontogeny as a result of increasing bending stress subjected to the spinal column. Metaplastic mineralization of spinal ligaments would likely affect the flexibility of the spinal column, increasing passive support for body weight. A stiff spinal column would also provide biomechanical support for the primary hip flexors and, therefore, may have played a role in locomotor efficiency and mobility in large-bodied species. This new association of interspinal ligament metaplasia in Theropoda with large body size contributes additional insight to our understanding of the diverse biomechanical coping mechanisms developed throughout Dinosauria, and stresses the significance of phylogenetic methods when testing for biological trends, evolutionary or not.
Efficient Deployment of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Optimal Wireless Coverage

In this letter, the efficient deployment of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) acting as wireless base stations that provide coverage for ground users is analyzed. First, the downlink coverage probability for UAVs as a function of the altitude and the antenna gain is derived. Next, using circle packing theory, the 3-D locations of the UAVs is determined in a way that the total coverage area is maximized while maximizing the coverage lifetime of the UAVs. Our results show that, in order to mitigate interference, the altitude of the UAVs must be properly adjusted based on the beamwidth of the directional antenna as well as coverage requirements. Furthermore, the minimum number of UAVs needed to guarantee a target coverage probability for a given geographical area is determined. Numerical results evaluate various tradeoffs.
Primary Education schools and pedagogical renewal: Reviewing experiences

Objective: In this article we review the support of several representative Primary Education schools in Spain (2015-16) for a pedagogical renewal that move away from the traditional model. Method: The methodology focuses on the study of outstanding bibliography, interviews with significant members, observation of centres and analysis of the content of educational projects. Results: The centers selected for analysis show multiple common pedagogical aspects, such as the participation of the educational community, the promotion of creativity among the students, as well as curricular, methodological and organizational flexibility. Discussion and Conclusion: Despite the uniqueness of each project, all show multiple common pedagogical aspects. This is due to the direct influence of the Spanish pedagogical renewal developed throughout the 20th century which has shaped the current renewing map of which this article analyses specific examples
Ir-CPI, a coagulation contact phase inhibitor from the tick Ixodes ricinus, inhibits thrombus formation without impairing hemostasis

Blood coagulation starts immediately after damage to the vascular endothelium. This system is essential for minimizing blood loss from an injured blood vessel but also contributes to vascular thrombosis. Although it has long been thought that the intrinsic coagulation pathway is not important for clotting in vivo, recent data obtained with genetically altered mice indicate that contact phase proteins seem to be essential for thrombus formation. We show that recombinant Ixodes ricinus contact phase inhibitor (Ir-CPI), a Kunitz-type protein expressed by the salivary glands of the tick Ixodes ricinus, specifically interacts with activated human contact phase factors (FXIIa, FXIa, and kallikrein) and prolongs the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in vitro. The effects of Ir-CPI were also examined in vivo using both venous and arterial thrombosis models. Intravenous administration of Ir-CPI in rats and mice caused a dose-dependent reduction in venous thrombus formation and revealed a defect in the formation of arterial occlusive thrombi. Moreover, mice injected with Ir-CPI are protected against collagen- and epinephrine-induced thromboembolism. Remarkably, the effective antithrombotic dose of Ir-CPI did not promote bleeding or impair blood coagulation parameters. To conclude, our results show that a contact phase inhibitor is an effective and safe antithrombotic agent in vivo.