Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moving toward task virtuality in organizations

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Reported adverse events in young women following quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination.

PURPOSE To assess and describe young women's experiences with their first dose of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4) (Gardasil®) in a large managed care organization. METHODS We collected survey and electronic medical record (EMR) data for 899 young women aged 11-26 receiving their first HPV4 injection from February through September 2008. Survey items included questions about adverse events, interactions with healthcare providers, and knowledge and attitudes toward HPV disease and HPV4. RESULTS Six hundred ninety-six (78%) participants reported pain at the injection site. Other common reactions included injection site bruising or discoloration (n=155, 17%) or swelling (n=127, 14%) and presyncope or syncope (n=134, 15%). Overall, preteens and teens were more likely than adult participants to report vaccine adverse events. Most respondents, particularly in the adult age group, reported that their healthcare provider reviewed important information about HPV infection and about the risks and benefits of receiving the vaccine. Knowledge and attitudes about HPV and HPV4 also varied by age, with older women generally exhibiting more accurate knowledge about HPV and perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer. CONCLUSIONS There were significant age differences in young women's experiences with their first HPV4 injection. These findings highlight the importance of age-appropriate education and provider communications about HPV disease and vaccination.
The C-terminal extension of Lsm4 interacts directly with the 3′ end of the histone mRNP and is required for efficient histone mRNA degradation

The Lsm1-7 ring is required for rapid histone mRNA degradation and binds to the oligo(U) tail added to the 3′ end of histone mRNA. This paper shows that the C-terminal tail of Lsm4 directly interacts with two proteins, SLBP and 3′hExo, bound to the 3′ end of histone mRNA. Mutant Lsm4 proteins that cannot bind the histone mRNP were stably expressed and were incorporated into the Lsm1-7 ring. Cells expressing these proteins do not degrade histone mRNAs rapidly. It is possible that the Lsm1-7 ring may be recruited to a number of mRNA targets by directly interacting with specific mRNPs.
Measurements and Classifications in Spine Imaging

Abstract Imaging criteria and radiologic measurements play a key role in the diagnosis of spinal diseases. In addition, they often create the basis of classification systems that determine the severity of the disease and thereby enable a stage-related therapy. A clearly defined nomenclature for imaging findings as well as standardized and thoroughly evaluated methods of measurement are necessary to achieve a sufficiently high diagnostic accuracy. Various specialized committees dealing with the diagnosis of spinal diseases have made efforts within the last years to develop diagnostic standards. This review provides an overview of radiologic measurements and classification systems that are currently used for the diagnosis of scoliosis and degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.
The Dimensions of E-Service Quality

As the era of e-business continues to mature, more and more organizations rely on the Internet to support communication and transactions with constituents. For many organizations, a Web site is a primary way in which the organization’s customers or constituents interact with the organization. Given the important role of such Web sites, it is critical for organizations to provide high quality electronic services and delivery via a Web site. High quality electronic services can promote customer satisfaction and loyalty, while poor services may result in dissatisfied and lost customers (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Malhotra, 2005). One of the critical questions for investigators of e-service quality has been the identification of the different dimensions of e-service quality and their relative importance in affecting customer satisfaction and future behavior. Over the past several years, researchers have specified e-service dimensions for an increasingly wide range of e-businesses. This article provides a review of the existing research concerning the dimensions of electronic service quality. The authors summarize recent developments in the measurement of e-service quality and suggest directions for future research.
Tweets of Thailand: A tweet retrieval system for domestic tourism in Thailand

In this paper, a tweet retrieval system for domestic tourism in Thailand is proposed. The system mashes up Twitter with Google Maps. Users can locate travelling destinations on the maps and retrieve recent tweets about those destinations. They can also sort and filter tweets by subjects of their interest. Having been informed of what is going on at intended destinations, they can make better plans for their trips. This system was evaluated by 30 users and the results appeared to be satisfying.
Experimental Study of Depletion Mode Si/SiGe MOSFETs for Low-temperature Operation

N-channel enhancement mode Si/SiGe MOSFETs are characterised and studied over a wide temperature range of 10K<T<300K. It is shown that the sensitivity of quantum well based MODFETs to temperature changes results in an optimal operation temperature around 80K. The influence of LDD structures at sufficiently high drain voltages is analysed.
A cascade of deep learning fuzzy rule-based image classifier and SVM

In this paper, a fast, transparent, self-evolving, deep learning fuzzy rule-based (DLFRB) image classifier is proposed. This new classifier is a cascade of the recently introduced DLFRB classifier called MICE and an auxiliary SVM. The DLFRB classifier serves as the main engine and can identify a number of human interpretable fuzzy rules through a very short, transparent, highly parallelizable training process. The SVM based auxiliary plays the role of a conflict resolver when the DLFRB classifier produces two highly confident labels for a single image. Only the fundamental image transformation techniques (rotation, scaling and segmentation) and feature descriptors (GIST and HOG) are used for pre-processing and feature extraction, but the proposed approach significantly outperforms the state-of-art methods in terms of both time and precision. Numerical experiments based on a handwritten digits recognition problem are used to demonstrate the highly accurate and repeatable performance of the proposed approach.
The Information Content of Dividend Announcements: Evidence from Frontier Markets with Varying Tax Regimes

This study provides further insight into the information content of dividends by investigating stock price reaction to the announcement of cash dividends in the unique environments presented by Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. In the case of Jamaica, we document a positive relationship between stock prices and dividend announcements during the period when the tax rate on dividends was 25% and the capital gains tax 0%, but no relationship when the tax rate on dividends fell from 25% to 5% with the capital gains tax rate unchanged. While, in the case of Trinidad and Tobago, where there are no taxes on dividends or capital gains, we find no statistically significant stock price reaction to the announcement of dividend increases and constant dividends but a positive relationship between the announcement of dividend decreases and stock prices. The results for Jamaica are largely supportive of tax-based signaling models which argue that higher taxes on dividends relative to capital gains are a necessary condition for dividends to be informative. However, the results from Trinidad and Tobago suggest that tax differentials are an important but incomplete explanation for the information content of dividend announcements.
Tetramethylpyrazine stimulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated anion secretion in distal colon of rodents.

AIM To investigate the effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active compound from Ligustium Wollichii Franchat, on electrolyte transport across the distal colon of rodents and the mechanism involved. METHODS The short-circuit current (I(SC)) technique in conjunction with pharmacological agents and specific inhibitors were used in analyzing the electrolyte transport across the distal colon of rodents. The underlying cellular signaling mechanism was investigated by radioimmunoassay analysis (RIA) and a special mouse model of cystic fibrosis. RESULTS TMP stimulated a concentration-dependent rise in I(SC), which was dependent on both Cl(-) and HCO(3)(-), and inhibited by apical application of diphenylamine-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid (DPC) and glibenclamide, but resistant to 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt hydrate (DIDS). Removal of Na(+) from basolateral solution almost completely abolished the I(SC) response to TMP, but it was insensitive to apical Na(+) replacement or apical Na(+) channel blocker, amiloride. Pretreatment of colonic mucosa with BAPTA-AM, a membrane-permeable selective Ca(2+) chelator, did not significantly alter the TMP-induced I(SC). No additive effect of forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) was observed on the TMP-induced I(SC), but it was significantly reduced by a protein kinase A inhibitor, H(89). RIA results showed that TMP (1 mmol/L) elicited a significant increase in cellular cAMP production, which was similar to that elicited by the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin (10 micromol/L). The TMP-elicited I(SC) as well as forskolin- or IBMX-induced I(SC) were abolished in mice with homozygous mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) presenting defective CFTR functions and secretions. CONCLUSION TMP may stimulate cAMP-dependent and CFTR-mediated Cl(-) and HCO(3)(-) secretion. This may have implications in the future development of alternative treatment for constipation.
Risk and Ambiguity in Evaluating Entrepreneurial Prospects : An Experimental Study

Past research points to risk attitudes as an important variable driving decisions to enter entrepreneurship. However, entrepreneurs confront more often uncertainty and ambiguity, or unknown probabilities, rather than risk, or known probabilities concerning the success of a venture. Through an online experiment we investigate risk and ambiguity attitudes of entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs in occupational choice decisions, for different likelihood levels and different degrees of ambiguity. Findings suggest that both entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs seek risk and ambiguity for low likelihoods and avoid risk and ambiguity for high likelihoods, a behavioral pattern consistent with Prospect Theory. We observe that entrepreneurs exhibit more optimism for both risk and ambiguity compared to non-entrepreneurs, across likelihood levels and degrees of ambiguity. However, entrepreneurs give more pessimistic evaluations for ambiguity compared to risk; non-entrepreneurs do not discriminate between risk and ambiguity, exhibiting the same pattern of behavior in both conditions.
A dynamically adaptive, unstructured multicast overlay

The simplicity of multicast as a communication primitive belies its broad utility as a building block for distributed applications. Nevertheless, creating and maintaining multicast structures can be challenging, particularly when networks are transient and/or dynamic. We introduce a new unstructured multi-source multicast (UMM) overlay approach that we argue is less complex than, but as efficient as, current state-of-the-art solutions based either on structured overlays or on running full routing protocols at the overlay level. UMM builds a base overlay independently from the routing mechanisms employed to route messages. On top of this base overlay, it selects distribution trees for each multicast source by first flooding the base overlay and then using the implicit information contained in duplicated messages to select and filter out redundant tunnels. Simple heuristics are used to maintain and evolve both the base overlay and the multicast distribution trees in response to changes in the set of overlay participants or in underlying network conditions. We experiment on a 65-node PlanetLab deployment and on ModelNet emulated distributed platforms to quantify the overheads associated with UMM operation and to explore its performance and adaptability to changes in the underlying network conditions.
Symposium on ‘ Behavioural nutrition and energy balance in the young ’ Models and mechanisms of energy balance regulation in the young

The proportion of the child and adolescent population that is in appropriate energy balance is declining throughout the developed world, and childhood obesity is a particular problem in the UK relative to other northern European countries. Assessment of the underlying causes of obesity, and the different routes to its development, may assist in the definition of successful intervention strategies. The network of peripheral and central (brain) regulatory systems that underlie energy balance and body weight and composition can, for the most part, only be approached experimentally through the study of appropriate laboratory animal models. This problem is particularly acute when the target is overweight and obesity in the young. Some of the mechanisms underlying the development of energy imbalance and specifically the onset of overweight and obesity in the young, and the metabolic health consequences of obesity, can be addressed by examination of experimental rodent models in which mutation of a single gene causes early-onset extreme obesity, genetic susceptibility to obesity is revealed in an obesogenic environment or early-life nutritional experience programmes susceptibility to obesity or metabolic problems in later life. These studies highlight genes that are essential to normal body-weight regulation in rodents and man, the impact of diet and diet-induced obesity on regulatory systems in the young and the potential sensitivity of developing regulatory systems to nutritional experiences in utero and during early life.
Evaluation of harmonic detection methods for active power filter applications

In the attempt to minimize the harmonic disturbances created by the non-linear loads the choice of the active power filters comes out to improve the filtering efficiency and to solve many issues existing with classical passive filters. One of the key points for a proper implementation of an active filter is to use a good method for current/voltage reference generation. There exist many implementations supported by different theories (either in time- or frequency-domain), which continuously debate their performances proposing ever better solutions. This paper gives a survey of the common used theories. Then, the work here proposes a simulation setup that decouples the harmonic reference generator from the active filter model and its controller. In this way the selected methods can be equally analyzed and compared with respect to their performance, which helps anticipating possible implementation issues. The conclusions are collected and a comparison is given at the end, which is useful in deciding the future hardware setup implementation. The comparison shows that the choice of numerical filtering is a key factor for obtaining good accuracies and dynamics for an active filter.
Data-Aided Chromatic Dispersion Estimation for Polarization Multiplexed Optical Systems

We propose a full transmission link chromatic dispersion (CD) estimation technique for polarization-multiplexed coherent optical single carrier system using data-aided channel estimation and least square quadratic fit. New training sequences based on Chu sequence and Golay complementary pair are designed and compared for estimation performance against the ideal full-level Chu sequence for both QPSK and 16-QAM systems. The proposed technique is demonstrated in a 40-Gb/s coherent polarization multiplexed optical system over 2080-km fiber transmission for QPSK format and 80-Gb/s system over 1800-km fiber for 16-QAM format to verify its accurate and robust estimation performance.
A stress testing benchmarking study

Stress testing is becoming increasingly important in testing new small-molecule drug candidates. To better understand current stress-testing practices in the pharmaceutical industry, the authors conducted a benchmarking survey to which 20 pharmaceutical companies responded. The study addressed a range of issues such as stress testing study design, types of conditions, procedures, and the company organization used to conduct stress testing. This tucle teviews the ey findings from the survey.
A scalable task duplication based scheduling algorithm for heterogeneous systems

Optimal scheduling of tasks represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) onto a set of homogeneous processors, is a strong NP-hard problem. In this paper we introduce a scalable scheduling scheme called STDS for heterogeneous systems. This implies that tasks could potentially have different run times on different processors. The complexity of STDS is O(v/sup 2/) where v is the number of nodes in the task graph. Schedule length is primarily reduced by selected task duplication. Current task duplication based scheduling schemes are mostly done for homogeneous systems. Comparing the performance of STDS with BIL, another scheduling scheme for heterogeneous systems, it is observed that STDS obtained speed-ups of 6 to 40 generating shorter schedules when sufficient duplication can be carried out.
A unified SOC test approach based on test data compression and TAM design

Test access mechanism (TAM) optimization and test data compression lead to a reduction in test data volume and testing time for SOCs. In this paper, we integrate for the first time both these approaches into a single test methodology. We show, how an integrated test architecture based on TAMs and test data decoders can be designed. The proposed approach offers considerable savings in test resource requirements. Two case studies using the integrated test architecture are presented. Experimental results on rest data volume reduction, savings in test application time and the low test pin overheads for a benchmark SOC demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Mice lacking the adenosine A1 receptor have normal spatial learning and plasticity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, but they habituate more slowly

Using mice with a targeted disruption of the adenosine A1 receptor (A1R), we examined the role of A1Rs in hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP), long‐term depression (LTD), and memory formation. Recordings from the Shaffer collateral–CA1 pathway of hippocampal slices from adult mice showed no differences between theta burst and tetanic stimulation‐induced LTP in adenosine A1 receptor knockout (A1R−/−), heterozygote (A1R+/−), and wildtype (A1R+/+) mice. However, paired pulse facilitation was impaired significantly in A1R−/− slices as compared to A1R+/+ slices. LTD in the CA1 region was unaffected by the genetic manipulation. The three genotypes showed similar memory acquisition patterns when assessed for spatial reference and working memory in the Morris water maze tasks at 9 months of age. However, 10 months later A1R−/− mice showed some deficits in the 6‐arm radial tunnel maze test. The latter appeared, however, not due to memory deficits but to decreased habituation to the test environment. Taken together, we observe normal spatial learning and memory and hippocampal CA1 synaptic plasticity in adult adenosine A1R knockout mice, but find modifications in arousal‐related processes, including habituation, in this knockout model. Synapse 57:8–16, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tools for Conviviality in Multi-Context Systems

A common feature of many distributed systems, including web social networks, peer-to-peer systems and Ambient Intelligence systems, is cooperation in terms of information exchange among heterogeneous entities. In order to facilitate the exchange of information, we first need ways to evaluate it. The concept of conviviality was recently proposed for modeling and measuring cooperation among agents in multiagent systems. In this paper, we introduce conviviality as a property of Multi-Context Systems (MCS). We first present how to use conviviality to model and evaluate interactions among different contexts, which represent heterogeneous entities in a distributed system. Then, as one cause of logical conflicts in MCS is due to the exchange of information between mutually inconsistent contexts, we show how inconsistency can be resolved using the conviviality property. We illustrate our work with an example from web social networks.
Towards an Industry-Tailored Management Approach: A Study of Retail Employee Attitudes

The ubiquity of retail employment makes it one of the most important sectors in the economy but economic downturn, foreign competition, and looming technological developments threaten to diminish the employment opportunities it offers. In consideration of the workforce-related adjustments that retail businesses are likely to experience from changes in the sector, this study examines attitudinal differences between retail employees and the general workforce. The theoretical perspective of this study is that employees from different industries have unique attitudes toward the work environment, given industry-specific environmental and situational influences. The empirical analysis uses data obtained from a survey of over 6000 Australian workers to test attitudinal work environment variables between retail employees and non-retail employees. The findings reveal that retail employee attitudes are dissimilarfrom that of the general workforce, which implies that employee attitudinal profiles differ between industries, and general management programmes and practices should therefore be tailored accordingly.
Expressing a supply-chain strategy as a conceptual system

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a framework to describe the supply chain strategy of a business unit, and to propose a method that can be used to express this strategy in the form of grounded actionable conceptual map. Approach: The framework was developed through an inductive theory generation approach. The method was developed through collaborative management research projects and validated in projects by third parties. Findings: The supply chain strategy is described as a logical bridge between a firm's business strategy and its supply chain operations, composed by a series of layers on a continuum between the strategic to the operational. The proposed method, called the Functional Strategy Mapping Method, was used to reveal and express the supply chain strategy of a business unit in a total of nine projects. Research limitations: The scalability of the method beyond a single business unit is limited. The method is may be less useful when the significant, fast changes are already ongoing in the supply chain. Both the framework and the method are a work in progress and should be further tested and refined by third parties. Originality: The paper proposes a novel framework of a business unit's supply chain strategy, and an original method that can be easily followed by practitioners and academics to express the supply chain strategy of a business unit. Both the framework and the method are based entirely on original research.