Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Algorithm and Convergence of MST Problem for Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

The rapid development of the theory and application makes it imperative to find the best strategies to improve the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we address the following question: given a multi-to-one wireless sensor network in physical space, what is the optimal routing strategy to enable the energy-efficiency of the network with regard to a given mission and a certain amount of initial energy. We have focused on energy consumption involving data generation, data fusion and data transmission. We model the wireless sensor network as an undirected graph and put that energy efficient routing problem into a constrained optimization problem. In order to solve the optimal routing, we introduce the Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm, which is relatively easier than other algorithms to implement in a distributed environment because of its distributed computing and positive feedback features. Then we prove the convergence of the algorithm. Finally, in the simulation experiments, we show that the routes derived from out algorithm yield noticeably energy efficiency. Our optimization strategy can be applied to other distributed networks.
Corporate policy, values, and social responsibility

This outstanding volume combines the perspectives of managers, sociologists, and scholars of business ethics in order to analyze the social role of business in society. The authors discuss the organizational dynamics and dimensions of corporate social policies and the ways in which organizational policies are interpreted and evaluated by outside groups. They also develop and apply an integrated conceptual model in a case study of the Community Reinvestment Act and present the responses of selected Boston area banks to the study. Instead of accepting the reductionism of perspectives and polarization along disiplinary lines that have characterized research in the field, the authors focus on the need to explore the role of business in the larger society from a variety of viewpoints within a unified conceptual model.
Walrasian and Non-Walrasian Equilibria: An Introduction to General Equilibrium Analysis

Part 1 Firms, individuals and markets - an overview: activities and agents markets general equilibrium analysis a brief resume of the book. Part 2 Exchange: competitive allocations and equilibrium conditions excess demand functions existence of a stable equilibrium the equivalence theorem mathematical notes - demand functions and their properties, the axiomatic price and the distribution of endowments. Part 3 Production: a simple production model substitution among factors under constant returns to scale a linear activity analysis model of production supply functions and their properties mathematical notes - the Leontief model, the non-substition theorem. Part 4 Existence, uniqueness and stability of competition equilibrium: a model of general equilibrium existence of a competitive equilibrium comparative statics a resume mathematical notes - global stability, an analytical argument. Part 5 Welfare economics: equilibrium and optimality in a simple model choice among optimal states examples of externalties and their consequences planning approach to the provision of public goods mathematical notes - fundamental theorems of welfare economics, the MDP process. Part 6 Non-Walrasian equilibrium: transactions at fixed prices rationing (Dreze) equilibria perceived constraints, effective demands, and rationing disequilibrium dynamics existence and continuity of Dreze equilibria Dreze constraints at Younes equilibria disequilibrium dynamics and convergence to a Walrasian configuration. Part 7 Unemployment equilibria in an aggregative model: the model the Walrasian temporary equilibrium rigid prices and alternative regimes flexible prices and rigid wages an alternative formation mathematical notes - properties of the consumption function an alternative budget constraint. Part 8 A mathematical appendix: sets and relations real numbers real linear algebra topological properties and functions game theory.
Monte Carlo Chess Erklärung Zur Bachelor-thesis

MCC, a UCT based Chess engine, was created in order to test the performance of Monte-Carlo Tree Search for the game of Chess. Mainly by modifications that increase the accuracy of the simulation strategy, the performance of the base implementation was improved by approximately 864 Elo. MCC performed still too bad to compete with Minimax based chess programs or to seriously suffer from search traps.
Biased metric learning for person-independent head pose estimation

In this paper, a new biased metric learning (BML) method is proposed for human head pose estimation problem. Traditional approaches focus on modeling a smooth low-dimensional manifold embedded in the high dimensional feature space. Such manifold-embedding methods, linear or nonlinear, suffer from one common drawback, that all neighbors are identified based on the Euclidean distance in the original feature space. However, the nature local structure of data is always corrupted by various factors in this original feature space. The proposed BML method aims at obtaining a global optimal linear transformation from the input feature space into a new semantic space which is characterized by pose angles. The metric is trained with the goal that local semantic structure of data with same label is preserved while the biased distance of differently labeled data is maximized. The learning process also reduces to a convex optimization by formulating it as a semidefinite problem (SDP). Numerous experiments demonstrate the superiority of our BML method over several current states of art approaches on publicly available dataset.
THE EFFECT OF THE ANTIOXIDANT, COENZYME Q, ON CACO-2 COLON CANCER CELLS TREATED WITH IRON TO INDUCE LIPID PEROXIDATION

Johanknecht Viva M (Writer) (Last Name) (First Name) (Initial) The Effect of the Antioxidant, Coenzyme Q, on Caco-2 Colon Cancer Cells Treated With (Title) Iron to Induced Lipid Peroxidation Food Science and Nutrition Ann M. Parsons, PhD May, 2002 47 (Graduate Major) (Research Advisor) (Month/Year) (No. of Pages) American Psychological Association (APA) Publication Manual (Name of Style Manual Used in this Study) The objective of this study was to determine if Coenzyme Q10 (also known as ubiquinone) acting as an antioxidant, would protect against free radical damage to cell membranes that can cause cancer. Caco-2 cells were fed experimental media with and without different concentrations of iron (200, 400 or 800 uM) and with and without CoQ10 (400 uM). The presence of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenals (4-HNE or HNE) were assayed as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. The results were standardized for the amount of protein in the cell culture well. Iron was not a significant cause of lipid peroxidation in Caco-2 cells. CoQ10 appeared to significantly reduce the amount of MDA and 4-HNE in the media and cells combined regardless of the presence of iron, but the analysis did not include the vehicle, mineral oil, for CoQ10 due to a limited n. Therefore, the mineral oil with CoQ10 may be considered protective from free radical damage in the colon.
Introducing a New Problem: Shape-from-Silhouette when the Relative Positions of the Viewpoints is Unknown

3D shapes can be reconstructed from 2D silhouettes by back-projecting them from the corresponding viewpoints and intersecting the resulting solid cones. However, in many practical cases as observing an aircraft or an asteroid, the positions of the viewpoints with respect to the object are not known. In these cases, the relative position of the solid cones is not known and the intersection cannot be performed. The purpose of this paper is introducing and stating in a theoretical framework the problem of understanding 3D shapes from silhouettes when the relative positions of the viewpoints are unknown. The results presented provide a first insight into the problem. In particular, the case of orthographic viewing directions parallel to the same plane is thoroughly discussed, and sets of inequalities are presented which allow determining objects compatible with the silhouettes.
Admission rates for emergency department patients with venous thromboembolism and estimation of the proportion of low risk pulmonary embolism patients: a US perspective

Objective Introduction of target specific anticoagulants and recent guidelines encourage outpatient management of low risk patients with venous thromboembolism. We describe hospital admission rates over time for patients presenting to US emergency departments (EDs) with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) and estimate the proportion of low-risk PE patients who could potentially be managed as outpatients. Methods We performed a structured analysis of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (a nationally representative weighted sampling of US ED visits) database for the years 2006–2010 including all adult patients with a primary diagnosis of DVT or PE. Simplified pulmonary embolus scoring index (sPESI) scores were determined in patients with PE to identify low risk patients. Results There were an estimated 652,000 and 394,000 ED visits for DVT and PE over the 5-year period (0.17%). Mean (SE) age was 59 (1.3), 50% were female, and 40% were > 65 years. Admission rates for DVT and PE were 52% and 90% respectively with no significant changes over time. In patients with DVT, predictors for admission were age (odds ratio, 1.03 per year of age [95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.05]) and race (odds ratio, 4.1 [95% confidence interval, 0.9 to 19.8] for Hispanics and 2.9 [1.2 to 7.4] for Blacks). Of all ED patients with PE, 51% were low risk based on sPESI scores. Conclusion Admission rates for DVT and PE have remained high and unchanged, especially with PE, minorities, and in older patients. Based on sPESI scores, up to half of PE patients might be eligible for early discharge or outpatient therapy.
Transmission of Monetary Shocks in Latvia

This study deals with short-term reactions of the economy to various monetary shocks. The analysis of the financial system of Latvia supports the view that the wealth channel is currently very weak or even non-existent due to a relatively underdeveloped capital market. The importance of various channels of monetary transmission has been tested empirically by using the structural VAR model and small structural macroeconomic model. The analysis provides evidence that monetary shocks are transmitted to the economy mainly through the exchange rate channel.
Localization of epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies that neutralized the H3N2 influenza viruses in man

Through extensive isolation of neutralizing mAbs against H3N2 influenza viruses representing the in vivo repertoire in a human donor, we examined the relationships between antigenic drift of influenza virus and protective antibodies generated in an infected individual. The majority of mAbs isolated from a donor born in 1960 were divided into three major groups with distinct strain specificity: 1968–1973, 1977–1993 and 1997–2003. In the present study, we developed a new method that allowed us to comprehensively determine the location of epitopes recognized by many mAbs. Original haemagglutinins (HAs) of several strains and chimaeric variants, in which one of the seven sites (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D or E) was replaced by some other strain-derived sequence, were artificially expressed on the cell surface. The binding activity of mAbs to the HAs was examined by flow cytometry. By using this method, we determined the location of epitopes recognized by 98 different mAbs. Clones that neutralize the 1968–1973 strains bind to site B2/D, A or A/B1. While sites C, E and B were recognized by clones that neutralized the 1977–1993 strains, the majority of these clones bind to site C. Clones that neutralize the 1997–2003 strains bind to site B, A/B1, A/B2 or E/C2.
Learning in Consumer Choice

In Economics consumption decisions are typically modeled as all-encompassing one-shot decisions; making a consumption decision is thought of as determining a complete consumption plan, which gives a full specification of all present and future consumption. In contrast, this dissertation sets up a learning framework for consumption decisions. This alternative approach considers a sequence of smaller decisions, each of which determines only current consumption and savings, and it models a way in which making (efficient) trade-offs between consumption and savings is learned from the consequences of choices made in earlier periods. Then, this thesis extensively studies the theoretical relations that exist between the traditional and the alternative approach.
Skilled Worker Mobility and Wage Inequality

Models by Rosen (1981) and Tang and Wood (2000) predict that reductions in travel and communication costs increase wage inequality in developed countries, by raising the productivity and earnings of a small group of highly-skilled workers. Time-series analysis reveals that both the relative number and the relative incomes of international business travellers rose during the past decade. Cross-section analysis reveals that business travellers earn substantially more than other workers, controlling for observable human capital characteristics. These findings support the predictions of both models, and suggest that the effect has been large.
Rational distance-bounding protocols over noisy channel

We use ideas from game theory to define a new notion for an optimal threshold for the number of erroneous responses that occur during the rapid-bit exchange over noisy channels in a distance-bounding protocol. The optimal threshold will ensure that even if an intruder attacks the protocol, the expected loss the verifier suffers will still be lower than when the intruder does not attack. Any rational intruder, who always tries to maximise the verifier's loss, will not therefore have any incentive to attack the protocol. We then demonstrate how statistical analysis and binary search are used to locate the unique and optimal threshold accurately.
Fuzzy Control Using Inductive ReasoningFrancisco

The aim of this paper is to address an emergent and important area of research, fuzzy control, by means of an inductive reasoning approach derived from the General System Theory, called Fuzzy Inductive Reasoning (FIR). This eld has had a growing interest and development in the last years, and has proved to be very useful for modeling and prediction of a large variety of systems from diierent areas, such as biomedicine, biology, mechanical and electrical, among others. A review of FIR methodology as a tool to develop fuzzy controllers is presented in this paper. Two diierent focuses, modeling and synthesis of fuzzy controllers, are discussed. Modeling is applied to those systems where a controller plant is available. Usually this type of systems are related to human controllers, and therefore, the system is viewed as a set of control actions that a human operator carries out over a speciic plant. In those cases where a plant controller is not available, the modeling approach can not be applied to obtain a fuzzy controller, and therefore it is necessary to design and synthesize the controller. This paper presents both approaches and points out particular examples for each one.
Function and Regulation of the C4-Dicarboxylate Transporters in Campylobacter jejuni

C4-dicarboxylates are important molecules for the human pathogen C.jejuni, as they are used as carbon and electron acceptor molecules, as sugars cannot be utilized by this microaerophilic organism. Based on the genome analysis, C. jejuni may possess five different C4–dicarboxylate transporters: DctA, DcuA, DcuB, and two homologs of DcuC. Here, we investigated the regulation and function of various C4–dicarboxylate transporters in C. jejuni. Transcription of the dctA and dcuC homologs is constitutive, while dcuA and dcuB are both directly regulated by the two-component RacR/RacS system in response to limited oxygen availability and the presence of nitrate. The DctA transporter is the only C4-dicarboxylate transporter to allow C. jejuni to grow on C4-carbon sources such as aspartate, fumarate, and succinate at high oxygen levels (10% O2) and is indispensable for the uptake of succinate from the medium under these conditions. Both DcuA and DcuB can sequester aspartate from the medium under low-oxygen conditions (0.3% O2). However, under these conditions, DcuB is the only transporter to secrete succinate to the environment. Under low-oxygen conditions, nitrate prevents the secretion of succinate to the environment and was able to overrule the phenotype of the C4-transporter mutants, indicating that the activity of the aspartate–fumarate–succinate pathway in C. jejuni is strongly reduced by the addition of nitrate in the medium.
Use of clicks resembling those of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with biased pulse summation sonar (BiaPSS) to improve target discrimination in bubbly water

Odontocetes (toothed whales) routinely produce pulsed sounds, which many studies have shown to be used for echolocation [1]. The deliberate production by dolphins of bubble nets suggested that their echolocation may function well in bubbly water that would confound man-made sonar [2,3], an observation supported by the outstanding sonar performance of such animals in shallow waters. A sonar scheme Twin Inverted Pulse Sonar (TWIPS) which exploited the fact that bubbles would scatter closely-spaced pairs of equal-amplitude pulses nonlinearly, whilst other targets would not [2], was developed and tested successfully at sea [4, 5]. However TWIPS worked because consecutive pulses had inverted phase, and the only pulses resembling these to be found in odontocetes have been recorded to date at amplitudes too low to be of use in such a processing scheme [4, 6]. Their origin is not certain and their purpose (if any) has also not been determined [6].
Logical localization of large Internet events

The Internet occasionally experiences large disruptions, arising from both natural and manmade disturbances, and it is of significant interest to develop methods for locating within the network the source of a given disruption (i.e., the network element(s) whose perturbation initiated the event). This paper presents a new approach to realizing this logical localization objective. The proposed methodology consists of three steps: 1. ) data preprocessing, in which publicly available measurements of Internet activity are acquired, “cleaned”, and assembled into a format suitable for computational analysis, 2. ) event characterization via tensor factorization-based time series analysis, and 3. ) localization of the source of the disruption through graph theoretic analysis. This procedure provides a principled, automated approach to identifying the root causes of network disruptions at “whole-Internet” scale. The considerable potential of the proposed analytic method is illustrated through both computer simulation studies and empirical.
British Industrial Capitalism Since The Industrial Revolution

Introduction: theories of industrial capitalism and the long wave: a neo- Schumpetern approach PART I The first Kondratieff The Industrial Revolution Kondratieff: the structural balance of the economy The road to free trade and the crisis of industrial capitalism c. 1815 to 1840s PART II The second Kondratieff Britain as the workshop of the world: the supremacy of manufacturing in mid-Victorian Britain The faltering industrial economy: a Kondratieff in the late Victorian period PART III The third Kondratieff Chandler's critique of British industrial capitalism: the legacy of the small manufacturing firm examined Business and the State: industry in the Great Depression PART IV The fourth Kondratieff The long boom: British manufacturing success or failure c. 1950--73 De-industrialization: the manufacturing base and the Thatcher experimen.
Brown ROS Package: Reproducibility for Shared Experimentation and Learning from Demonstration

We describe our efforts toward developing infrastructure for shared remote robotics laboratories that allow reproducible robotics experimentation and large scale learning from demonstration (LfD). Our goal is to create a facility where users demonstrate desired tasks by teleoperating robot platforms through video-game style web-based interfaces, providing data that LfD approaches will turn into robot policies. We describe a selection of open source tools, provided by the Brown robotics lab, created in service of building such a remote lab.
Achieving the optimal diversity-multiplexing tradeoff of two-user full-duplex asymmetric MIMO cooperative multiple-access channels

Diversity-multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) of asymmetric two-user full-duplex cooperative multiple-access (CMA) channels with multiple-antenna terminals is studied. The channel is asymmetric in the sense that the users are not restricted to have the same multiplexing and diversity gains. Using the network capacity cut-set bound, we first derive the DMT upper bounds of a general K-user CMA channel. Following that, we focus on the two-user case and show that the upper bound can be achieved using Wyner-Ziv-type compress-and-forward (CF) based cooperation given that the transmission resources are properly allocated for transmitting the cooperation information and the user information. A transmission scheme is then proposed and proved to be DMT optimal both theoretically and numerically.
Mechanical system of a small biped entertainment robot

SDR-4X is the latest prototype model, which is a small humanoid type robot. We reported the outline of this robot last year. In this paper we discuss more about mechanical system, which is important and original for a small biped entertainment robot, which will be used, in home environment. One technology is the design of actuators alignment in the body, which enables dynamic motion performance. Another technology is the actuator technology, which we originally developed, named intelligent servo actuator (ISA). We explain the specification and the important technical points. Next technology is the sensor system, which supports the high performance of the robot, especially the detection of outside objects, ability of stable walking motion and safe interaction with human. The robot is used in normal home environment, so we should strongly consider the falling-over of the robot. We propose the ideas against falling-over which makes the robot as safe as possible.
On the Clausius formulation of the second law in stationary chemical networks through the theorems of the alternative

In this article the Gordan theorem is applied to the thermodynamics of a chemical reaction network at steady state. From a theoretical viewpoint it is equivalent to the Clausius formulation of the second law for the out of equilibrium steady states of chemical networks, i.e. it states that the exclusion (presence) of closed reactions loops makes possible (impossible) the definition of a thermodynamic potential and vice versa. On the computational side, it reveals that calculating reactions free energy and searching infeasible loops in flux states are dual problems whose solutions are alternatively inconsistent. The relevance of this result for applications is discussed with an example in the field of constraints-based modeling of cellular metabolism where it leads to efficient and scalable methods to afford the energy balance analysis.