Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of Piper betle leaves (MPBL). Materials and Methods: MPBL was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model. Analgesic activity of MPBL was evaluated by hot plate, writhing, and formalin tests. Total phenolic and flavonoids content, total antioxidant activity, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, peroxynitrate (ONOO) as well as inhibition of total ROS generation, and assessment of reducing power were used to evaluate antioxidant potential of MPBL. Results: The extract of MPBL, at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg, produced a significant (p<0.05) increase in pain threshold in hot plate method whereas significantly (p<0.05) reduced the writhing caused by acetic acid and the number of licks induced by formalin in a dose-dependent manner. The same ranges of doses of MPBL caused significant (p<0.05) inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema after 4 h in a dose-dependent manner. In DPPH, ONOO-, and total ROS scavenging method, MPBL showed good antioxidant potentiality with the IC50 value of 16.33±1.02, 25.16±0.61 , and 41.72±0.48 µg/ml, respectively with a significant (p<0.05) good reducing power. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that MPBL has strong analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, conforming the traditional use of this plant for inflammatory pain alleviation to its antioxidant potentiality.
Embedded Memory Test & Repair : Infrastructure IP for SOC Yield Yervant Zorian Virage Logic

Today’s System-on-Chip typically embeds memory IP cores with very large aggregate bit count per SoC. This trend requires using dedicated resources to increase memory yield, while containing test & repair cost and minimizing time-to-volume. This paper summarizes the evolution of such yield optimization resources, compares their trade-offs, and concentrates on on-chip Infrastructure IP. To maximize the repair efficiency, this Infrastructure IP need to leverage the memory design knowledge and the process failure data. The ideal solution is to integrate the memory IP and its Infrastructure IP into a single composite IP that yields itself effectively.
A highly specific phosphatase that acts on ADP-ribose 1″-phosphate, a metabolite of tRNA splicing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

One molecule of ADP-ribose 1″,2″-cyclic phosphate (Appr>p) is formed during each of the approximately 500 000 tRNA splicing events per Saccharomyces cerevisiae generation. The metabolism of Appr>p remains poorly defined. A cyclic phosphodiesterase (Cpd1p) has been shown to convert Appr>p to ADP-ribose-1″-phosphate (Appr1p). We used a biochemical genomics approach to identify two yeast phosphatases that can convert Appr1p to ADP-ribose: the product of ORF YBR022w (now Poa1p), which is completely unrelated to other known phosphatases; and Hal2p, a known 3′-phosphatase of 5′,3′-pAp. Poa1p is highly specific for Appr1p, and thus likely acts on this molecule in vivo. Poa1 has a relatively low KM for Appr1p (2.8 μM) and a modest kcat (1.7 min−1), but no detectable activity on several other substrates. Furthermore, Poa1p is strongly inhibited by ADP-ribose (KI, 17 μM), modestly inhibited by other nucleotides containing an ADP-ribose moiety and not inhibited at all by other tested molecules. In contrast, Hal2p is much more active on pAp than on Appr1p, and several other tested molecules were Hal2p substrates or inhibitors. poa1-Δ mutants have no obvious growth defect at different temperatures in rich media, and analysis of yeast extracts suggests that ∼90% of Appr1p processing activity originates from Poa1p.
The NoSQL Principles and Basic Application of Cassandra Model

This paper reveal the secret of NoSQL. The CAP theorem, the BASE theorem and the Eventual Consistency theorem construct the foundation stone of NoSQL Cassandra is one kind of NoSQL databases, It is used by Twitter, Facebook and some other famous corporations. Taking it for example, this online trading system is based on Cassandra database. I'll design and contrast the relational model and Cassandra-based model of this system, then construct the key space, the column family and do some other configuration. After these jobs done, I'll do some coding to implement this system.
The Price of being Adaptive

Mutual exclusion is a fundamental distributed coordination problem. Shared-memory mutual exclusion research focuses on local-spin algorithms and uses the remote memory references (RMRs) metric. To ensure the correctness of concurrent algorithms in general, and mutual exclusion algorithms in particular, it is often required to prohibit certain re-orderings of memory instructions that may compromise correctness, by inserting memory fence (a.k.a. memory barrier) instructions. Memory fences incur non-negligible overhead and may significantly increase time complexity. A mutual exclusion algorithm is adaptive to total contention (or simply adaptive), if the time complexity of every passage (an entry to the critical section and the corresponding exit) is a function of total contention, that is, the number of processes, k, that participate in the execution in which that passage is performed. We say that an algorithm A is f-adaptive (and that f is an adaptivity function of A), if the time complexity of every passage in A is O(f(k)). Adaptive implementations are desirable when contention is much smaller than the total number of processes, n, sharing the implementation. Recent work [5] presented the first read/write mutual exclusion algorithm with asymptotically optimal complexity under both the RMRs and fences metrics: each passage through the critical section incurs O(log n) RMRs and a constant number of fences. The algorithm works in the popular Total Store Ordering (TSO) model. The algorithm of [5] is non-adaptive, however, and they posed the question of whether there exists an adaptive mutual exclusion algorithm with the same complexities. We provide a negative answer to this question, thus capturing an inherent cost of adaptivity. In fact, we prove a stronger result: adaptive read/write mutual exclusion algorithms with constant fence complexity do not exist, regardless of their RMR complexity. This result follows from a general tradeoff that we establish for such algorithms, between the fence complexity and the growth rate of adaptivity functions. Specifically, we prove that the fence complexity of any such algorithm with a linear (or sub-linear) adaptivity function is Ω(log log n). The tradeoff holds for implementations that may use compare-and-swap operations, in addition to reads and writes. We show that our results apply also to obstruction-free implementations of well-known objects, such as counters, stacks and queues.
Layout and Function of the Intracortical Connections within Layer 4 of Cat Area 17

A patch of layer 4 of cat area 17 has been modeled. The developmental network model is based on the modular structure of the neocortex. Connections between the orientation minicolumns, building the network model, are developed during exposure to visual input. The network model captures some of the known properties of the layer 4 of cat area 17. Local connections are dense, whereas distal connections are sparse. Both local and distal inhibition is mediated by inhibitory simple cells, which target excitatory cells that are located in their close surroundings and have opposite absolute and relative spatial phase. Excitatory local connections seem to be biased towards the iso-orientation domain. However, there is a strong crosstalk between all orientation domains made by the excitatory long-range horizontal connections. Furthermore, the excitatory long-range horizontal connections are mildly elongated along the orientation axis. We hypothesize that this network layout can give a simple explanation to the psychophysical experiments demonstrating response facilitation as a result of elongation of a Gabor patch along the orientation axis.
Real-Time Video Enhancement for Moving-Object in the Dusk Environment Based on Pixel Classification

In this paper, we proposed a novel video enhancement for moving-objects in the dusk environment based on mixed-mode processing which involves de-noising, moving object detection, and image enhancement. The basic strategy is to first calculate each pixel’s motion vector and then check the magnitude of this motion vector to determine that the pixel belongs to foreground (i.e., moving object) or background. Then, the pixel of foreground is processed with the temporal average filter to further check if it belongs to the moving object by motion detection. Finally, the extracted moving object is enhanced by using Bilateral filter and Retinex algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to divide the frame into foreground and background and the foreground has a significantly clear and high contrast appearance in the low-light environment.
A Role for L-Type Calcium Channels in Developmental Regulation of Transmitter Phenotype in Primary Sensory Neurons

To examine the influence of activity-dependent cues on differentiation of primary afferent neurons, we investigated the short- and long-term effects of depolarization and calcium influx on expression of transmitter traits in sensory ganglion cell cultures. We focused on expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a marker for dopaminergic neurons, in developing petrosal ganglion (PG), nodose ganglion, and dorsal root ganglion neurons grown in the presence or absence of depolarizing concentrations of KCl. Exposure to 40 mm KCl increased the proportion of TH-immunoreactive neurons in all three ganglia in a developmentally regulated manner that corresponded to the temporal pattern of dopaminergic expressionin vivo. PG neurons, for example, were most responsive to elevated KCl on embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5), the age at which the dopaminergic phenotype is first detectable in vivo. However, KCl was relatively ineffective at increasing TH expression in neonatal PG, indicating a critical period for induction of this phenotype by depolarization. Detailed analysis of TH induction in PG neurons demonstrated that, although N-type calcium channels carried the majority of the high voltage-activated calcium current, only L-type calcium channel blockade inhibited the effect of elevated KCl. Further studies revealed that after removal of high KCl, neurons remained sensitized to subsequent stimulation for >1 week. Specifically, cultures exposed to KCl beginning on E16.5 (the conditioning stimulus), then returned to control medium, and subsequently re-exposed to elevated KCl after 9 d (the test stimulus) contained fourfold more TH-positive neurons than did cultures exposed to the test stimulus alone. Moreover, blockade of L-type calcium channels during the conditioning stimulus completely abolished long-term potentiation of the TH response to elevated KCl. These findings demonstrate a novel role for L-type calcium channels in activity-dependent plasticity of transmitter expression in sensory neurons and indicate that exposure to depolarizing stimuli during early development may alter neuronal response properties at later ages.
A hybrid mass participation approach to mobile software trials

User trials of mobile applications have followed a steady march out of the lab, and progressively further ''into the wild', recently involving ''app store'-style releases of software to the general public. Yet from our experiences on these mass participation systems and a survey of the literature, we identify a number of reported difficulties. We propose a hybrid methodology that aims to address these, by combining a global software release with a concurrent local trial. A phone-based game, created to explore the uptake and use of ad hoc peer-to-peer networking, was evaluated using this new hybrid trial method, combining a small-scale local trial (11 users) with a ''mass participation' trial (over 10,000 users). Our hybrid method offers many benefits, allowing locally observed findings to be verified, patterns in globally collected data to be explained and addresses ethical issues raised by the mass participation approach. We note trends in the local trial that did not appear in the larger scale deployment, and which would therefore have led to misleading results were the application trialed using ''traditional' methods alone. Based on this study and previous experience, we provide a set of guidelines to researchers working in this area.
Study of AlGaN/GaN HEMT degradation through TCAD simulations

This paper studies, through Three-Dimensional (3D) TCAD simulations, the formation of gate edge pits on the drain-side of GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) under electrical stress conditions. These pits are believed to be formed due to electrochemical reactions. The simulations predict that holes, which are necessary to initiate the electrochemical reaction but rare under regular HEMT operating conditions, can be generated through trap-assisted, band-to-band tunneling (B2B TAT). The impact of the electrical behavior of the pit (insulator or metal) on the output characteristics (ID-VD) of the HEMTs were also studied. Insulator-type pits degrade the ON-resistance, RD, while metal-types do not. At medium VD, both types of pit degrade ID, which will be recovered at higher VD. But metal-type requires larger VD to restore the ID. As the pits grow, the hole generation rate first increases (more with metal pit), then decrease after the pit-to-width ratio exceeds 20%.
The Early Detection of DDoS Based on the Persistent Increment Feature of the Traffic Volume

One of the major threats to cyber security is distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based on the persistent increment tendency of DDoS traffic. Our scheme can detect a DDoS attack in its early stages when the attacking packet's attribute value has no distinct features. It can differentiate DDoS from flash crowd traffic. This scheme detects DDoS attacks with on-line and distributed characteristics. Simulation shows the algorithm's validity and accuracy.
Energy-Aware Tasks Scheduling with Deadline-constrained in Clouds

As the expanding of cloud datacenter and the soaring demand for various types of services and resources, the energy consumption problem is continuously mushrooming. Unfortunately, existing scheduling algorithms mainly pursue timeliness, but take little account the energy factor. On the other hand, Service Level Agreement (SLA) plays a key role in guaranteeing the QoS for users. In SLA, deadline (response time) is one of the QoS metrics that users are mostly concerned about. However, the deadline set in SLA is likely to be violated when there are real-time tasks with different tight deadline-constrained. Therefore, it is a valuable research issue to propose a scheduling algorithm which can save energy while meeting the deadline. In view of this challenge, an energy-aware tasks scheduling method with deadline-constrained is proposed in this paper by exploiting the computing parallelism of divisible task. In our method, the urgency level is defined to determine the scheduling order of the real-time tasks waiting to be processed. Accordingly, two energy-aware tasks scheduling algorithms are proposed by considering whether the load of task is divisible. Finally, experimental evaluations are presented for validating the method.
A comprehensive approach to parallel data flow analysis

We present a comprehensive approach to performing data flow analysis in parallel. We first identify three types of parallelism inherent in the data flow solution process: independent-problem parallelism, separate-unit parallelism and algorithmic parallelism. We then describe a unified framework to exploit them. Our investigations of typical Fortran programs reveal an abundance of the last two types of parallelism. In particular, we illustrate the exploitation of algorithmic parallelism in the design of our parallel hybrid data flow analysis algorithm and report on its empirical performance.
Summary : A Tutorial on Learning With Bayesian Networks

We primarily summarize [4]. When we think that it is appropriate, we comment on additional facts and more recent developments. 1 Abstract and Introduction The advantages of graphical modelling include • easy handling of missing data • easy modelling of causal relationships • easy combination of prior information and data • easy to avoid overfitting 2 Bayesian Approach • Degree of belief • Rules of probability are a good tool to measure belief • Probability is subjective and has to be assessed for instance with a probability wheel. Problems of precision and accuracy can occur. • The paper considers as a running example multinomial sampling with Dirichlet priors. A Bayesian network (BN) is defined by • a network structure (DAG) • local probability distributions 1
Benefits of Community-University Partnerships in Rural Settings: Lessons
 Learned from an Inclusive Science Day Event

This article reports findings from an Inclusive Science Day event that was hosted at a rurally located discovery museum. The event was collaboratively planned and hosted by two undergraduate student organizations from a local university. The university students planned eight inclusive science stations that were supplemented by six museum-developed stations. Each station was planned to meet the needs of a variety of learners. The event was very well attended, with approximately 150 visitors who ranged in age from infants to older adults. The research study reports findings from a survey of 22 caregivers who attended the Inclusive Science Day event. Findings present relevant information about the benefits of embracing a community-university partnership model and suggestions for facilitating a collaboratively planned inclusive science event. The implications highlight the importance of inclusive informal learning practices and partnership development in all locales. While the research is particularly relevant for rural stakeholders, it also provides useful considerations for all settings.
Healthy Lifestyle Through Young Adulthood and the Presence of Low Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults (CARDIA) Study

Background— A low cardiovascular disease risk profile (untreated cholesterol <200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure <120/<80 mm Hg, never smoking, and no history of diabetes mellitus or myocardial infarction) in middle age is associated with markedly better health outcomes in older age, but few middle-aged adults have this low risk profile. We examined whether adopting a healthy lifestyle throughout young adulthood is associated with the presence of the low cardiovascular disease risk profile in middle age. Methods and Results— The Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults (CARDIA) study sample consisted of 3154 black and white participants 18 to 30 years of age at year 0 (1985–1986) who attended the year 0, 7, and 20 examinations. Healthy lifestyle factors defined at years 0, 7, and 20 included average body mass index <25 kg/m2, no or moderate alcohol intake, higher healthy diet score, higher physical activity score, and never smoking. Mean age (25 years) and percentage of women (56%) were comparable across groups defined by number of healthy lifestyle factors. The age-, sex-, and race-adjusted prevalences of low cardiovascular disease risk profile at year 20 were 3.0%, 14.6%, 29.5%, 39.2%, and 60.7% for people with 0 or 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 healthy lifestyle factors, respectively (P for trend <0.0001). Similar graded relationships were observed for each sex-race group (all P for trend <0.0001). Conclusions— Maintaining a healthy lifestyle throughout young adulthood is strongly associated with a low cardiovascular disease risk profile in middle age. Public health and individual efforts are needed to improve the adoption and maintenance of healthy lifestyles in young adults.
Hydrologic and Water Quality Effects of Harvesting and Regeneration of a Drained Pine Forest

Data on precipitation, weather, water tables, outflows, and nutrient concentrations from two paired watersheds (Dl-control and D2-treatment) on a pine forest in Coastal North Carolina were measured during 1988-90 calibration period to characterize the pre-treatment hydrology and water quality. Similarly, measured data from 199 5 (D2 harvested) to 2004 (seven years after planting in 1997) were then used for evaluating the effects of harvesting and regeneration (D2) using a paired watershed approach. Annual rainfall varied wiclely during the study period with 2388 mm in a very wet year (2003) to as low as 85 1 mm in a very dry year (2001). Harvesting resulted in substantial increases of as much as 20 cm in the average water table and 9 1 mm in outflow from D2 compared to the control (Dl) in the first six months after harvest. The increase in water table was mainly attributed to decrease in ET losses as a result of reduced canopy. The water table increase declined substantially after 1998 (trees two years old), except during so~ne dry summer months. However, by 2002 (trees five years old), the difference in water tables between the regenerated and control watersheds was reversed, consistent with the pre-treatment levels. The increase in measured annual outflows on D2 varied from 260 mun in a wet year 1996 (first year after harvest) to 56 mm in a near nonnal year 1999 (two years after planting). Peak flow rates from the harvested watershed for a summer event after harvest were nearly seven-fold higher than the control. The motlthly arid annual data indicated that the outflows on the harvested watershed returned to base line levels by 2003, nearly six years after planting. Although both the nutrient concentrations and loadings (except for total P) on D2 were substantially elevated after harvesting, they were only short-lived (< 3 years). The measured NO3-N, TKN, and TP loadings on the harvested watershed varied from 0.01-4.5 kg ha-', 0.18-4.7 kg ha-', and 0-0.4 kg ha", respectively. The minirnum loadings occurred in the driest year 2001 (rain-850 mm, outflow = 5 1 mm). Harvesting also increased sediment levels, but for only three years. Hydrologic and water quality impacts of sustaillable forest management practices on receiving water bodies are important environmental issues. Timber harvests in the South are expected to increase over the next 20 years, which implies that itnpacts to forested wetlands will also increase (SOFRA, 2002). Land use …
Performance Evaluation Using the Discrete Choquet Integral: Higher Education Sector

Performance evaluation functions as an essential tool for decision makers in the field of measuring and assessing the performance under the multiple evaluation criteria aspect of the systems such as management, economy, and education system. Besides, academic performance evaluation is one of the critical issues in higher institution of learning. Even though the academic evaluation criteria are inherently dependent, most of the traditional evaluation methods take no account of the dependency. Currently, the discrete Choquet integral can be proposed as a useful and effective aggregation operator due to being capable of considering the interactions among the evaluation criteria. In this paper, it is aimed to solve an academic performance evaluation problem of students in a university in Turkey using the discrete Choquet integral with the complexity-based method and the entropy-based method. Moreover, the k -means method, which has been widely used for evaluating students’ performance over 50 years, is used to compare the effectiveness and the success of two different frameworks based on discrete Choquet integral in the robustness check. Our results indicate that the entropy-based Choquet integral outperforms the complexity-based Choquet and k -means method in most of the cases.