Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fluphenazine plasma levels and clinical response.

We monitored fluphenazine plasma levels in 39 schizophrenic patients who participated in a 2-year double-blind comparison of 5 mg and 25 mg of fluphenazine decanoate (FD) administered every 14 days. We investigated the relationship between log-transformed plasma levels at 3, 6, and 9 months and subsequent psychotic exacerbations with logistic regression and survival analysis. Using logistic regression, the relationship was nonsignificant at 3 months (chi-square = .21, df = 1, p = .65), but significant at 6 months (chi-square = 4.38, df = 1, p = .04) and 9 months (chi-square = 8.98, df = 1, p = .003). Using survival analysis with fluphenazine levels as a covariate (Cox models), we also found significant relationships between the fluphenazine plasma level and the risk of exacerbations at 6 months (chi-square = 3.77, df = 1, p = .052) and 9 months (chi-square = 12.21, df = 1, p = .0005), but not at three months (chi-square = 0.87, df = 1, p = .65). These findings suggest that the measurement of fluphenazine plasma levels may be helpful in decision-making about the dosage of FD.
Incidence of and Risk Factors for Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus after Pancreas Transplantation

Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) after pancreas transplantation (PTX) has not been extensively examined. This single center, retrospective analysis of 674 recipients from 1994 to 2005 examines the incidence of and risk factors for PTDM after PTX. PTDM was defined by fasting plasma glucose level ≥126 mg/dL, confirmed on a subsequent measurement or treatment with insulin or oral hypoglycemic agent for ≥30 days. The incidence of PTDM was 14%, 17% and 25% at 3, 5 and 10 years after PTX, respectively and was higher (p = 0.01) in solitary pancreas (PAN) versus simultaneous kidney pancreas (SPK) recipients (mean follow‐up 6.5 years). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with PTDM were: older donor age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001), higher recipient body mass index (HR 1.07,CI 1.01–1.13, p = 0.01), donor positive/recipient negative CMV status (HR 1.65,CI 1.03–2.6, p = 0.04), posttransplant weight gain (HR 4.7,CI 1.95–11.1, p < 0.001), pancreas rejection (HR 1.94.CI 1.3–2.9, p < 0.001) and 6 month fasting glucose (HR 1.01,CI 1.01–1.02, p < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c, (HR 1.12,CI 1.05–1.22, p = 0.002) and triglyceride to high‐density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) ratio (HR 0.94,CI 0.91–0.96, p < 0.001). This study delineates the incidence and identifies risk factors for PTDM after PTX.
STUDIES OF EXCITABLE MEMBRANES

The neuromuscular junctions and nonjunctional sarcolemmas of mammalian skeletal muscle fibers were studied by conventional thin-section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture techniques. A modified acetylcholinesterase staining procedure that is compatible with light microscopy, conventional thin-section electron microscopy, and freeze-fracture techniques is described. Freeze-fracture replicas were utilized to visualize the internal macromolecular architecture of the nerve terminal membrane, the chemically excitable neuromuscular junction postsynaptic folds, and the electrically excitable nonjunctional sarcolemma. The nerve terminal membrane is characterized by two parallel rows of 100–110-Å particles which may be associated with synpatic vesicle fusion and release. On the postsynpatic folds, irregular rows of densely packed 110–140-Å particles were observed and evidence is assembled which indicates that these large transmembrane macromolecules may represent the morphological correlate for functional acetylcholine receptor activity in mammalian motor endplates. Differences in the size and distribution of particles in mammalian as compared with amphibian and fish postsynaptic junctional membranes are correlated with current biochemical and electron micrograph autoradiographic data. Orthogonal arrays of 60-Å particles were observed in the split postsynaptic sarcolemmas of many diaphragm myofibers. On the basis of differences in the number and distribution of these "square" arrays within the sarcolemmas, two classes of fibers were identified in the diaphragm. Subsequent confirmation of the fiber types as fast- and slow-twitch fibers (Ellisman et al. 1974. J. Cell Biol. 63[2, Pt. 2]:93 a. [Abstr.]) may indicate a possible role for the square arrays in the electrogenic mechanism. Experiments in progress involving specific labeling techniques are expected to permit positive identification of many of these intriguing transmembrane macromolecules.
StockValuation and Learning about Pro ¢ tability

We develop a simple approach to valuing stocks in the presence of learning about average pro¢tability.The market-to-book ratio (M/B) increases with uncertainty about average pro¢tability, especially for ¢rms that pay no dividends. M/B is predicted to decline over a ¢rm’s lifetime due to learning, with steeper decline when the ¢rm is young. These predictions are con¢rmed empirically. Data also support the predictions that younger stocks and stocks that pay no dividends have more volatile returns. Firm pro¢tability has become more volatile recently, helping explain the puzzling increase in average idiosyncratic return volatility observed over the past few decades. THEPASTTWODECADESHAVEWITNESSEDanunprecedented surge in the number of newly listed ¢rms on the major U.S. stock exchanges. According to Fama and French (2001b), over 550 new ¢rms per year appeared between the years 1980 and 2000, on average, compared to less than 150 ¢rms in the previous two decades. Some of these new ¢rms command valuations that might seem too high to be justi¢ed by reasonable assumptions about expected future pro¢tability. For example, more than 1 in 10 of all ¢rms listed between the years 1962 and 2000 are worth more than seven times their book value at the end of their year of listing, and almost 1 in 50 ¢rms is worth more than 20 times its book value. Naturally, investors attempting to value the newly listed ¢rms are confronted with substantial uncertainty about their future pro¢tability.We argue that this uncertainty contributes to the high valuations of young ¢rms, and that the resolution of this uncertainty over time tends to be accompanied by a decline in the valuation ratios. The basic idea is simple. LetB denote a ¢rm’s book equity today (at time 0) and g its constant growth rate, so the value of book equity at time T is B exp(gT ). Assuming that competition eliminates the ¢rm’s expected abnormal earnings by T, the ¢rm’s market value atTequals its book value, and the market value today is the expected book value at T discounted at some known rate r. If g is unknown THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE VOL. LVIII, NO. 5 OCTOBER 2003 Both authors are at the Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago. Both are also a⁄liated with the CEPR and NBER. Helpful comments were gratefully received from Dan Bens, Tony Bernardo, Michael Brennan, John Campbell, George Constantinides, Gene Fama, Ken French, Chris Geczy, Rick Green, John Heaton, Boyan Jovanovic, Rob Stambaugh, Per Str ̨mberg, TuomoVuolteenaho, LarryWall, FrancoWong,Yihong Xia, an anonymous referee, and seminar participants at the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, the University of Chicago, the University of Pennsylvania, and the 2002 ESSFM (CEPR) at Gerzensee.
MOBILE LEARNING IN SECONDARY EDUCATION: PERCEPTIONS AND ACCEPTANCE OF TABLETS OF TEACHERS AND PUPILS

This paper reports on the introduction of the tablet computer as a personal, mobile learning tool in a secondary school in Flanders, Belgium. In this longitudinal research project, drawing upon the Theory of Planned Behavior, we question the relative extent to which attitude, subjective norm, and self-efficacy explain the prospective uptake of the device for educational purposes. The results indicate that attitudes towards the rollout are generally positive. Teachers are dominantly intrinsically motivated, welcoming it as a useful and easy to use aid. The role of attitude among pupils is strong, however they do report feelings of social influence, albeit mostly by parents and peers. The pupils also consider the tablet as instrumental, although their positive attitude is strongly linked to the expectation of having a more enjoyable learning experience.
A Framework for Parallel Map Recognition Based on Blackboard Model

Recently, the studies about parallel image processing have been performed extensively. Many systems adopt the data parallel processing for their parallelizing strategies. In the data parallel processing strategy, input image data is divided into some fragments, and each fragment is processed on each processing element (PE). However, in this data parallel strategy, the synchronization among processors occurs frequently. Furthermore, unbalanced data division causes the synchronization overhead among PEs. Therefore, in order to achieve e ective parallel image processing, we have to take not only the data parallelism but also the functional parallelism into account. In this paper, we propose a parallel-processing-oriented mechanism based on the blackboard model for functional parallel image processing. As an application, we develop a parallel map recognition system. We implement this system on the highly parallel computer Fujitsu AP1000.
Immunization-Induced Perturbation of Human Blood Plasma Cell Pool: Progressive Maturation, IL-6 Responsiveness, and High PRDI-BF1/BLIMP1 Expression Are Critical Distinctions between Antigen-Specific and Nonspecific Plasma Cells1

The present study shows that reimmunization with tetanus toxoid (tet) caused a transient increase of the human blood plasma cell (PC) pool, detectable from 6th to 15th day postboost, as well as the temporal alteration of several PC features. Labeling of specific PC with FITC-tet C fragment (tetC) allowed kinetics analysis of the tetC+ and tetC− PC, and revealed remarkable differences between them: 1) the kinetics of tetC+ PC occurrence was exponential, and most of them appeared in a narrow time frame (5th to 8th day postboost), whereas the tetC− PC increase was lower (three to five times) and more prolonged (4th to 15th day postboost). 2) The tetC+ PC subset contained a fraction of cycling cells, expressed high levels of DR, CD138, and CD126, and responded to IL-6 by improving their survival and Ig secretion; in contrast, the tetC− PC showed higher CXCR4 and lower DR and CD138, did not respond to IL-6, and contained a fraction of apoptotic cells. 3) Sequential phenotypic analysis revealed maturational changes within the tetC+, but not tetC−, PC subset; sequencing of tetC+ PC IgVH genes showed clear features of Ag selection. 4) The tetC+ PC expressed several times more positive regulatory domain I- binding factor 1/B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 transcription factor than the tetC− PC. 5) The tetC− PC and bone marrow resident PC similarly expressed low DR and high CXCR4, but differed in that the latter exhibited higher levels of CD31, CD138, and positive regulatory domain I- binding factor 1/B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1. These findings support the view that tetC+ PC contain bone marrow PC precursors, and tetC− PC probably belong to a removable compartment of aged PC.
Oxidation-induced intramolecular disulfide bond inactivates mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 by inhibiting ATP binding

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 (MKK6) is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MAP2K) subfamily that specifically phosphorylates and activates the p38 MAPKs. Based on both biochemical and cellular assays, we found that MKK6 was extremely sensitive to oxidation: It was inactivated by oxidation and its kinase activity was fully restored upon treatment with a reducing agent. Detailed mechanistic studies showed that cysteines 109 and 196, two of the six cysteines in MKK6, formed an intramolecular disulfide bond upon oxidation that inactivated MKK6 by inhibiting its ATP binding. This mechanism is distinct from that seen in other redox-sensitive kinases. The two cysteines involved in intramolecular disulfide formation are conserved in all seven members of the MAP2K family. Consistently, we confirmed that other MAP2Ks were also sensitive to oxidation. Our work reveals that MKK6 and other MAP2Ks are a distinct class of cellular redox sensors.
The narrative policy framework’s call for interpretivists

In Philip Pullman’s The Golden Compass (1995), Lord Asriel presents his recent scientific discoveries to the Scholars of Jordan College in a hopeful effort to secure funds for additional research. Against the theologians of the Magisterium, Asriel argues for the possibility of other worlds. He provides to Jordan’s Scholars a picture of one of these other worlds, inferring its existence from the presence of ‘Dust’ in a photo taken in the Arctic Circle. These possible worlds – neither heaven nor hell – are different from ‘this world’ in fundamental ways. Perhaps, Asriel provocatively hints, in one of these worlds the Magisterium does not even exist. For the Magisterium, the mere prospect of these worlds is an abominable heresy. But for Asriel, as it is for us, it is not. We do not speak for the Magisterium. On the contrary, we prefer one of Asriel’s worlds where there isn’t a Magisterium of social sciences imposing unconditional metaphysical order. Self-proclaimed spokespersons of an interpretivist Magisterium, our critics impose such order by repeatedly asserting that we do not understand the concepts of ontology and epistemology (Dodge 2015; Miller 2015). Their arguments as to why, however, are little more than appeals to authority – that is, this is how ‘we’ define the concepts, therefore Jones and Radaelli (2015) do not understand (Dodge 2015; Miller 2015). The term ironic best describes this approach. Given their hegemonic imposition of categorizations on the concepts of ontology and epistemology, our critics are prohibiting alternate understandings. They prohibit alternate worlds. It is precisely this violent act of categorization for which the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) is impugned (e.g., Dodge 2015, 364). One might ask why this approach is appropriate to critique the NPF, but inappropriate for applying the NPF? Regardless, the alternate world we have posited does exist and ‘the Dust’ of other scholarship shows the way. There is the world of Searle (1996) and the many researchers and scholars who have used Searle; there is also the world of international relations and policy evaluation where the ontological-epistemological posture is often scientific realism. For both examples, reality is socially constructed (think of money as social construction) and objective assessments of that reality happen all the time (e.g., how many times money is exchanged). Are these too ‘a mishmash of scientism combined with a low-fidelity iteration of social constructivism’ (Miller 2015, 356)? This is our other-worldly position of social ontology and objective epistemology and it is not unique to the NPF, nor is it an imperceptible 11th dimension, unknowable to interpretivists. It has been inhabited for some time now. In our article, we showed our version of Asriel’s ‘Dust’ by differentiating between components of meta-theory, arguing that certain practices look incompatible only if we
Theory and Application of Fluorescence Microscopy

The growing importance in biology and especially in neurobiology of fluorescence microscopy is due to (1) the extraordinary development of new fluorescent molecular probes and (2) the development of improved low light level imaging systems and confocal microscopy techniques. This overview covers fluorescent molecular probes, filters and filter sets, multiband filters and multidye fluorescence, light sources, microscope objectives, image resolution and the point‐spread function, and general steps for immunolabeling.
Achieving Work and Love Authorship in Emerging Adulthood

The present study examined the achievement of work and romantic authorship in 100 Israeli emerging adults (54 men) who were followed from age 22 to 29. At the age of 29, participants were asked to talk about their current occupational and romantic statuses and the changes they underwent and to reflect on the meaning of these changes. Qualitative analyses of the interviews yielded four types of achieving work and romantic authorship: in both or either domain and in only work or only romantic authorship. These types were associated with different changes in goal pursuit and well-being over time and differed across gender. Analysis of our longitudinal data also showed that low self-efficacy combined with low maternal support measured 7 years earlier was associated with the lack of authorship in all domains. Yet, when low efficacy was combined with elevated paternal support, it predicted the achievement of work authorship.
Cloning and Characterization of a Dictyostelium Myosin I Heavy Chain Kinase Activated by Cdc42 and Rac*

The motile activities of the small, single-headed class I myosins (myosin I) from the lower eukaryotes Acanthamoeba and Dictyostelium are activated by phosphorylation of a single serine or threonine residue in the head domain of the heavy chain. Recently, we purified a myosin I heavy chain kinase (MIHCK) from Dictyostelium based on its ability to activate the Dictyostelium myosin ID isozyme (Lee, S.-F., and Côté, G. P. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 11776-11782). The complete sequence of the Dictyostelium MIHCK has now been determined, revealing a protein of 98 kDa that is composed of an amino-terminal domain rich in proline, glutamine, and serine, a putative Cdc42/Rac binding motif, and a carboxyl-terminal kinase catalytic domain. MIHCK shares significant sequence identity with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste20p kinase and the mammalian p21-activated kinase. Gel overlay assays and affinity chromatography experiments showed that MIHCK interacted with GTPγS (guanosine 5′-3-O-(thiotriphosphate))-labeled Cdc42 and Rac1 but not RhoA. In the presence of GTPγS-Rac1 MIHCK autophosphorylation increased from 1 to 9 mol of phosphate/mol, and the rate of Dictyostelium myosin ID phosphorylation was stimulated 10-fold. MIHCK may therefore provide a direct link between Cdc42/Rac signaling pathways and motile processes driven by myosin I molecules.
Are all Colleges Equally Equalizing?: How Institutional Selectivity Impacts Socioeconomic Disparities in Graduates’ Labor Outcomes

The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which the magnitude of disparities in the labor market outcomes of college graduates stemming from socioeconomic background varies according to institutional selectivity. The data used for the study are drawn from the National Center for Education Statistics’ Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, which followed a 2002 cohort of high school sophomores for ten years. The results suggest that socioeconomic background did impact the wages and earnings of students who earned their bachelor’s degree during this timeframe and that the magnitude of these disparities varies appreciably across institutional selectivity tiers.
Raft Partitioning of the Yeast Uracil Permease During Trafficking Along the Endocytic Pathway

Lipid rafts, formed by the lateral association of sphingolipids and cholesterol in the external membrane leaflet, have been implicated in membrane traffic and cell signaling in mammalian cells. Yeast plasma membranes were also recently shown to contain lipid raft microdomains consisting of sphingolipids and ergosterol, and containing several plasma membrane proteins, including Gas1p, a GPI‐anchored protein, and the [H+] ATPase Pma1p. In this study, we investigated whether lipid rafts were involved in the intracellular trafficking of a yeast transporter, uracil permease, which undergoes ubiquitin‐dependent endocytosis. Regardless of its ubiquitination status, uracil permease was found to be associated with rafts in the plasma membrane. The expression of Fur4p in lcb1–100 cells, deficient in the first enzyme of sphingolipid synthesis, impaired the association of Fur4p with detergent‐resistant fractions. When targeted to endocytic compartments, uracil permease appeared to be progressively transferred to detergent‐soluble fractions, suggesting that the lipid environment might change between plasma membrane and endosomes. Consistent with this hypothesis, the wild‐type form of the v‐SNARE Snc1p, which is known to cycle between the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments, was recovered in both detergent‐resistant and detergent‐soluble fractions. In contrast, a variant Snc1p that accumulates at the plasma membrane was recovered exclusively in detergent‐resistant fractions.
Characteristics of a sense of belonging and its relationship to academic achievement of students in selected middle school in Region IV and VI Education Service Centers, Texas

Characteristics of a Sense of Belonging and Its Relationship to Academic Achievement of Students in Selected Middle School in Region IV and VI Education Service Centers, Texas. (December 2003) Matthew A. Capps, B.S. Midwestern State University; M.Ed. Midwestern State University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. John R. Hoyle The purpose of this research is to investigate the feeling of belonging that students may or may not have and the relationship of student sense of belonging to the overall academic achievement of a school. Students were surveyed on their sense of belonging in selected middle schools. The students scored themselves on the Psychological Sense of School Membership scale, which revealed an overall mean score of belonging. Students from high-performing schools were compared to students from low-performing schools in regard to their sense of belonging. Additionally, teachers were asked to rate their perception of the students’ sense of belonging. The teachers’ scores were compared to the students’ scores in both highand low-performing schools. Lastly, teachers were asked to provide qualitative information about the schools’ role in creating a sense of belonging. An extensive review of the literature regarding sense of belonging reveals support of the importance of sense of belonging in student achievement. There is also extensive evidence regarding variation of sense of belonging among minority groups and the important role of teachers in creating a sense of belonging for students. This study found that there is no significant difference in students’ reported sense of belonging between high-performing schools and low-performing schools on the Psychological Sense of School Membership scale.
A High Performance and Energy-Efficient Cold Data Eviction Algorithm for 3D-TSV Hybrid ReRAM/MLC NAND SSD

A hybrid 3D-TSV ReRAM/MLC NAND SSD with cold data eviction (CDE) algorithm is proposed. In the proposed hybrid SSD, the lifetime and energy consumption are dominated by MLC NAND flash memory due to ReRAM's high endurance and low power consumption. In addition, partial page overwrites are possible in ReRAM. Thus, the write accesses to MLC NAND flash memory are largely reduced by storing hot data in ReRAM. As a result, the SSD energy consumption decreases and the lifetime is prolonged. With the CDE algorithm, a page-level adaptive data migration is achieved, which is transparent to the file system. Compared to the previous work, 8-times write throughput increase, 83% energy reduction and 6.5-times longer longevity are achieved with 3D-TSV technology. Moreover, from the experimental results, the data eviction should be triggered when ReRAM free space ratio decreases to a range of 8%-20%. Hence, the eviction frequency is adaptive to the data pattern in the hybrid SSD. The experimental results also suggest the requirements for ReRAM. To obtain the best effect, both the read and write latency of ReRAM should be below 3 μs for 512 Bytes.