Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An efficient retargetable framework for instruction-set simulation

Instruction-set structure (ISA) simulators are an integral part of today's processor and software design process. While increasing complexity of the architectures demands high performance simulation, the increasing variety of available architectures makes retargetability a critical feature of an instruction-set simulator. Retargetability requires generic models while high performance demands target specific customizations. To address these contradictory requirements, we have developed a generic instruction model and a generic decode algorithm that facilitates easy and efficient retargetability of the ISA-simulator for a wide range of processor architectures such as RISC, CISC, VLIW and variable length instruction set processors. The instruction model is used to generate compact and easy to debug instruction descriptions that are very similar to that of architecture manual. These descriptions are used to generate high performance simulators. The generation of the simulator is completely separate from the simulation engine. Hence, we can incorporate any fast simulation technique in our retargetable framework without losing performance. We illustrate the retargetability of our approach using two popular, yet different realistic architectures: the Sparc and the ARM.
On possibilities of evolutionary synthesis of robot control sequences

In this paper there are introduced, discussed and demonstrated capabilities of bio-inspired algorithms, especially algorithms like genetic programming, analytic programming etc., on evolutionary synthesis of controlling commands for the robot on the test path. Methods proposed and discussed in the paper are explained and demonstrated on the classical text example of the robot-artificial ant on Santa Fe Trail. The Santa Fe Trail problem is one of the most classical exercise from genetic programming. In this problem so called artificial ants search for a pellets of food according to synthesized set of instructions. This set of instructions can be synthesized by specialized evolutionary algorithms, that are discussed here as well as selected examples. At the end possibility of swarm robots control and strategies identification are discussed.
Video-Game Training and Naı̈ve Reason ing About Object Motion

Copy Summary: Naı̈ve conceptions and associated misconceptions about object motion arise in part from limitations on perceptual experience. Certain commercial video games, such as Enigmo, provide interactive experience with realistic trajectories and practice at purposefully manipulating those trajectories. We tested the possibility that this experience could modify naı̈ve intuitions about object motion, bringing them into closer alignment with Newtonian principles of mechanics. Fifty-one middle-school children were randomly assigned to play either Enigmo or a strategy game for six sessions. Only the Enigmo group improved their ability to generate realistic trajectories, but this improvement was limited to learning about the general parabolic shape of trajectories. After training, both groups received a 30-minute tutorial on Newtonian principles which generated a much larger improvement in producing realistic trajectories than did game play. This improvement was of similar magnitude in both training groups, indicating that gaming experience provided no advantage in deriving benefits from direct instruction. Copyright# 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monetary Policy Under Neoclassical and New-Keynesian Phillips Curves, with an Application to Price Level and Inflation Targeting

This paper compares discretionary monetary policy under two Phillips curves. Previous work uses a Phillips curve consistent with "Neoclassical" models of price adjustment. Sticky price models imply a "New-Keynesian" Phillips curve based on staggered price setting that delivers familiar results on an inflationary bias and inflation contracts. However, the comparison of price level and inflation targeting reveals an output/price stability tradeoff under the New-Keynesian model that does not arise under the Neoclassical specification, illustrating the usefulness of considering the New-Keynesian model. Given the empirical support for the New-Keynesian specification, a stability tradeoff likely exists.
Wavelet Transforms and their Applications to Turbulence

Wavelet transforms are recent mathematical techniques, based on group theory and square integrable representations, which allows one to unfold a signal, or a field, into both space and scale, and possibly directions. They use analyzing functions, called wavelets, which are localized in space. The scale decomposition is obtained by dilating or contracting the chosen analyzing wavelet before convolving it with the signal. The limited spatial support of wavelets is important because then the behavior of the signal at infinity does not play any role. Therefore the wavelet analysis or syn­ thesis can be performed locally on the signal, as opposed to the Fourier transform which is inherently nonlocal due to the space-filling nature of the trigonometric functions. Wavelet transforms have been applied mostly to signal processing, image coding, and numerical analysis, and they are still evolving. So far there are only two complete presentations of this topic, both written in French, one for engineers (Gasquet & Witomski 1 990) and the other for mathematicians (Meyer 1 990a), and two conference proceedings, the first in English (Combes et al 1 989), the second in French (Lemarie 1 990a). In preparation are a textbook (Holschneider 199 1 ), a course (Dau­ bee hies 1 99 1), three conference procecdings (Mcyer & Paul 199 1 , Beylkin et al 199 1b, Farge et al 1 99 1), and a special issue of IEEE Transactions
UdS at CoNLL 2013 Shared Task

This paper describes our submission for the CoNLL 2013 Shared Task, which aims to to improve the detection and correction of the five most common grammatical error types in English text written by non-native speakers. Our system concentrates only on two of them; it employs machine learning classifiers for the ArtOrDet-, and a fully deterministic rule based workflow for the SVA error type.
Simultaneous Retrieval of Microphysical Parameters and Atmospheric State Variables with Radar Data and Ensemble Kalman Filter Method

The development and testing over the recent years have demonstrated that the ensemble Kalman filter method (1994; Burgers et al. 1998; 1998; Evensen 2003) and its variations form a viable approach to atmospheric data assimilation, for both large-scale (Houtekamer and Mitchell 2001; Houtekamer et al. 2005) and small-scale (e.g., Snyder and Zhang 2003; Dowell et al. 2004; Zhang et al. 2004; Tong and Xue 2005; Xue et al. 2005) applications. The most important advantage of the ensemble-based data assimilation scheme (Houtekamer and Mitchell 1998; Anderson 2001; Bishop et al. 2001; Whitaker and Hamill 2002; Tippett et al. 2003) is that it provides a practical way to calculate and evolve the error statistics by using an ensemble to represent the probability density function (PDF) of the error and by propagating the PDF through ensemble forecasts (Evensen 1994). In the context of convective scale data assimilation, the flow-dependent multivariate background error covariances, provided by the ensemble, play an essential role, and with them it has been shown that dynamically consistent wind, thermodynamic and microphysical fields can be retrieved accurately from simulated radar radial velocity and reflectivity observations (Snyder and Zhang 2003; Zhang et al. 2004; Tong and Xue 2005). Encouraged by mostly Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) results, researchers have been moving towards using real data (e.g., Dowell et al. 2004; Houtekamer et al. 2005) and exploring the possibility of operational implementation of this data assimilation method (Houtekamer et al. 2005). In most OSSE studies, only forecast errors due to uncertain initial conditions are taken into account, while forecast errors due to model deficiencies are neglected. However, in real-world applications, the first significant challenge that might be encountered by the ensemble Kalman
Emerging Metabolic Targets in the Therapy of Hematological Malignancies

During the last decade, the development of anticancer therapies has focused on targeting neoplastic-related metabolism. Cancer cells display a variety of changes in their metabolism, which enable them to satisfy the high bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands for rapid cell division. One of the crucial alterations is referred to as the “Warburg effect”, which involves a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation towards the less efficient glycolysis, independent of the presence of oxygen. Although there are many examples of solid tumors having altered metabolism with high rates of glucose uptake and glycolysis, it was only recently reported that this phenomenon occurs in hematological malignancies. This review presents evidence that targeting the glycolytic pathway at different levels in hematological malignancies can inhibit cancer cell proliferation by restoring normal metabolic conditions. However, to achieve cancer regression, high concentrations of glycolytic inhibitors are used due to limited solubility and biodistribution, which may result in toxicity. Besides using these inhibitors as monotherapies, combinatorial approaches using standard chemotherapeutic agents could display enhanced efficacy at eradicating malignant cells. The identification of the metabolic enzymes critical for hematological cancer cell proliferation and survival appears to be an interesting new approach for the targeted therapy of hematological malignancies.
Rac1 mutations produce aberrant epithelial differentiation in the developing and adult mouse small intestine.

The mouse small intestinal epithelium undergoes continuous renewal throughout life. Previous studies suggest that differentiation of this epithelium is regulated by instructions that are received as cells migrate along crypt-villus units. The nature of the instructions and their intracellular processing remain largely undefined. In this report, we have used genetic mosaic analysis to examine the role of Rac1 GTPase-mediated signaling in controlling differentiation. A constitutively active mutation (Rac1Leu61) or a dominant negative mutation (Rac1Asn17) was expressed in the 129/Sv embryonic stem cell-derived component of the small intestine of C57Bl/6-ROSA26<->129/Sv mice. Rac1Leu61 induces precocious differentiation of members of the Paneth cell and enterocytic lineages in the proliferative compartment of the fetal gut, without suppressing cell division. Forced expression of the dominant negative mutation inhibits epithelial differentiation, without affecting cell division, and slows enterocytic migration along crypt-villus units. The effects produced by Rac1Leu61 or Rac1Asn17 in the 129/Sv epithelium do not spread to adjacent normal C57Bl/6 epithelial cells. These results provide in vivo evidence that Rac1 is involved in the import and intracellular processing of signals that control differentiation of a mammalian epithelium.
A Fast Scene Matching Algorithm Based on Pixel-Jump Method

According to the image matching demands of both the precision and instantaneity, a real-time two-level scene matching algorithm is proposed based on the least trimmed square Hausdorff distance (LTS-HD). In the first level, a coarse match point is obtained using pixel-jump searching through the reference image. In the second level, a point-by-point local searching is performed to get the accurate match point within the -neighborhood around the coarse point. Simulation results show that the proposed image matching algorithm takes little time and the point is correct. Keywordssimilarity measure simple genetic algorithm poinwise matching
Following the Blind: How Expertise and Endorsement Style Impact Word of Mouth Persuasion

Word of mouth is thought to help consumers make better choices. But could the way different types of consumers endorse products sometimes lead word of mouth recipients to make worse choices than they would have otherwise? Five studies, including textual analysis of almost 1,000 online reviews, demonstrate that the language more and less knowledgeable consumers tend to use when endorsing products shapes word of mouth’s impact. Because novices are less aware that others have heterogeneous product preferences, they tend to use more explicit “I recommend” language when endorsing products. Compared to more implicit endorsements (e.g., “I liked it” or “I enjoyed it”), explicit recommendations are more persuasive and increase purchase intent. Because novices also tend to choose inferior products, word of mouth recipients may unintentionally tend to follow the advice of novices, and make sub-optimal choices as a result.
Characterizing energy consumption of IaaS clouds in non-saturated operation

To save energy, physical machines (servers) in cloud data centers are partitioned in different pools, depending on whether they are kept on at all times and/or whether they have virtual machines instantiated. Partitioning (pooling) of servers affects the power consumption of the data center but also the performance and responsiveness to user requests. In this paper we examine the behavior of pool management scheme in different operating regions which correspond to linear operation, transition to saturation, and saturation, in particular the tradeoff between performance and power consumption. In addition, our results show that the offered load (analogous to the concept often used in networking) does not offer complete characterization of data center operation; instead, the impact of task arrival rate and task service time must be considered separately.
P2.2 RECENT UPDATE OF NCEP OPERATIONAL REGIONAL SPECTRAL MODEL

The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) regional spectral model (RSM) developed by Juang and Kanamitsu (1994) is a limited area spectral model for regional weather and climate prediction and operationally being used as a member of short-range ensemble forecast system at NCEP. The RSM was designed to have the same model structure, dynamics, and physics as the NCEP global forecast system (GFS) that is a global spectral model for global weather and climate prediction. While in the GFS, total fields are predicted using spherical harmonic functions for spectral computation, in the RSM, perturbation fields from coarse-resolution base fields (usually global analysis or forecast fields) are represented by double Fourier trigonometric functions, which are relaxed to zero at lateral boundaries. As a significant improvement in the GFS physics has been accomplished, we have implemented the updated GFS physics into the RSM recently. More details of the updated physics are described in the following section. The efforts for improving weather forecast have drawn the model to be run at higher resolution with more sophisticated physics, which requires higher model performance in computation speed. Furthermore, recent development of ensemble forecast system and extensive activities in regional climate simulations using limited area model needed a significant improvement in model performance. Toward this effort, most of up-to-date operational weather forecast models take advantage of massive parallel processor computer to improve their performance. The parallel version of the old RSM at NCEP (hereafter old RSM-MPI) is based on 1D decomposition using massage passing interface (MPI) which enables data exchange among distributed memories. However, the performance of the old RSM-MPI has been found to fall short of NCEP’s current demands for the model to be run at higher resolution (e.g., about 30km over North America). To improve the RSM computing performance further, we have developed a fully parallelized RSM-MPI code based on 2D
Canonizing Bioshock

The critically and commercially successful first-person shooter Bioshock is widely considered to be one of the greatest digital games of all time. This article traces its canonization by critically examining its marketing and popular reception as a blockbuster “prestige game” that demonstrates the aesthetic potential of games as a medium. In particular, far-reaching discussions of the relationship between narrative and gameplay mechanics in Bioshock have reinforced its canonical status as required playing among critics and scholars. The article concludes by comparing the reception of Bioshock and its “spiritual successor” Bioshock Infinite, showing how popular, critical, and industrial attitudes toward big-budget prestige titles have shifted in recent years.
A five-year prospective follow-up of longstanding eating disorders : influence from personality disorders and child sexual abuse

Karianne r. Vrabel PhD is a Clinical Psychologist and a Post Doctoral Candidate at Modum Bad Research Institute, in Vikersund, Norway. Figure 1: Design of study METHODS From August 1998 to June 2001,86 consecutive patients were admitted to a specialised ED unit at a psychiatric hospital, Modum Bad and entered this study. The admission criteria were symptoms of AN, BN, and EDNOS that impaired daily life functioning, inadequate responses. The participants were assessed upon admission, discharge and at one-, two-, and five-year follow-up (Figure 1). A total of 77 patients (90 %) were available for the five-year follow-up . Measures in this study comprised self-report questionnaires completed by the participants (IIP, SCL-25 and EDI) and three structured clinical interviews (SCID-II, SCID-I and Eating Disorder Examination).
Machine Learning for Adversarial Agent Microworlds

EXTENDED ABSTRACT We describe the results of RL approaches to microworld applications of progressively increasing complexity, as determined by the state-action space dimension. These include discrete space-time (grid-world) models of modified Chess and Checkers, and a military campaign-level game with concurrent moves, called “TD-Island”. We also detail complexity reduction through hierarchical decomposition in a continuous space model of an operational level air-combat model as is shown in figure 1.
Assessing Intercultural Competence as a Result of Internationalization at Home Efforts

In the last decades, many higher education institutions have developed practices of internationalization of curricula aiming at developing intercultural competences among the non-mobile majority of students. Some of them have developed service-learning activities focusing on working with underserved communities from different cultures. This article shows some challenges on how intercultural competence of college students participating in a community-based mentoring program could be assessed. Outcomes are based on mixed-method research from a survey given to a treatment group that participated in a mentoring program (n = 95) and a control group (n = 71), and on 10 daily life stories from university students who were enrolled and participated in the mentoring program. Paradoxically, results show scarce differences between groups in Attitudes, Skills, Comprehension, and Desired Internal Outcomes in favor of the control group. But, on the other hand, some slightly significant differences in favor of the treatment group are observed with regard to Dominance Orientation and Symbolic Racism. These results bring new hypotheses and discussions helpful for scholars and administrators, especially coming from the learnings that students showed, particularly in qualitative data.
An Adaptive Broadcasting Scheme in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile and static nodes in battlefields or within the vicinity of disaster areas may not depend on fixed infrastructure for communication. To rapidly provide the required communication between the nodes in such environments, a Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is the only available platform. With no fixed infrastructure, the efficient use of MANETs resources is highly crucial for the successful communication between mobile nodes. In situations where both the transmitting and the receiving nodes are placed within the transmission range of each other, communication is possible through a single-hop connection. In all other scenarios where the nodes are distanced, the exchange of packets is possible as long as a multi-hop path is available between them. Despite the unique characteristics of MANETs, they share many attributes and operations with other traditional networks. DNS lookups, exchange of control packets for management purposes and routing discovery requests are some examples of common operations, which all require broadcasting pieces of information across the network. However, due to lack of a centralised administrative and hardware, some modification is required to adopt broadcast operation for MANET environment. The most straightforward broadcast mechanism used in MANETs is Simple Flooding (SF). The algorithmic procedure followed in SF is very simple, thus making its implementation and integration inside more complex operations fairly undiscomforting. In SF, upon reception of a broadcast packet the receiver will check whether or not this is a duplicate packet. If it is a new packet it will immediately retransmit it to all of its neighbouring nodes. Simply flooding the entire network may be the fastest and easiest way for a node to broadcast information over the network but it has been found to be a very unreliable and resource inefficient mechanism leading to the Broadcast Storm Problem (Ni et al., 1999) especially in highly populated and dense networks. Over the past few years many studies (Leng et al., 2004), (Zhu et al., 2004), (Qayyum et al., 2002), (Hsu et al., 2005), (Purtoosi et al., 2006), (Barrit et al., 2006), (Bauer et al., 2005) have proposed novel broadcast mechanisms to alleviate the effects of SF. Early works were focused on developing schemes where the rebroadcast decision is made based on fixed and pre-determined threshold values. Probability-Based (PB), Counter-Based (CB) and DistanceBased (DB) are three schemes which have been proposed based on the concept of introducing a threshold value. PB bases it rebroadcasting decision on a fixed probability value, CB decides it by counting the number of received duplicate packets and finally the
An Optimal Power-Controlled Topology Control for Wireless Sensor Networks

The efficacy of topology control has been shown to be a vital process to maximize the network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we present a distributed topology algorithm with transmission power adjustment based on optimal number of neighbors to raise the network energy-efficiency and the network throughput by reducing channel competition intensity and simplifying the complexity of initial network topology. In the algorithm, every node can adjust its transmission power level and calculate its optimal transmission power according to the optimal number of neighbors, and a virtual clustering scheme based on optimal transmission power is proposed for network topology control, where the network connectivity is also guaranteed. Analysis and simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of our algorithm.