Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Narrative as an Affective Instructional Strategy

Virtual simulations, computer games, and other game-like virtual worlds are progressively being adopted for “serious” purposes, such as training and education. Computer-based training systems and games share many similarities: both involve a progression of skill-based activities of increasing complexity and difficulty. The learner is expected, over the duration of the game, to master a set of skills. Skill mastery is one of the fundamental principles behind the success of computer games; indeed, this mastery of the game is a fundamental aspect of having fun in computer games (Koster, 2005). It is easy to see the appeal of games and game-like virtual environments for the purposes of training and education. The skill-based progression typically used in computer games and the desire for players to achieve mastery of particular game-relevant skills can be mapped to educational outcomes and pedagogy.
PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF COMPARING ONESELF TO OTHER PERSONS WITH DIABETES

ABSTRACT This experimental study examined social comparison activity among individuals with diabetes, focusing on how they react to information that other people are functioning well or poorly with their own diabetes prognosis and psychological adjustment. Based on a 3 × 3 factorial design, individuals with diabetes (n = 108) read one of nine interviews about another person whose diabetes prognosis and psychological adjustment were described as good, poor, or unspecified. Ratings were obtained on participants' desire to seek information and affiliate with the target as well as on evaluations of their own physical and psychological coping. Results indicated that individuals desired more emotional support from someone who was well adjusted than poorly adjusted in coping with diabetes, and they avoided seeking information from someone who was doing poorly psychologically. Participants also perceived their diabetes condition as better when they compared themselves against someone doing poorly than well, especially on the diabetes prognosis dimension.
Uncertainties, mysteries, doubts and Approved Social Worker Training

Abstract The authors have recently been involved in an Approved Social Worker Training, one as programme coordinator and the other as external assessor. This article is about what ASW training entails and how social workers embarking on it might be helped towards a more meaningful, less mechanistic relationship to their work, by training which offers contemplation as well as competence.On arrival, I was warned by nursing staff that A was in a very bad mood and had threatened to set fire to the ward and some of the staff. Witnessing this awoke memories of a similar situation when I was a social work student trying to understand and work with individuals in emotional distress. Here, I felt detached, under no pressure to engage or empathise. and aware of providing a sympathetic ear, a sort of passive mediator, between A and the ward team, a receptive and responsive presence. She had settled considerably and I said goodbye. As I was leaving, she poignantly thanked me for coming, (from candidate T's report of .
Using ITL and Tempura for large-scale specification and simulation

ITL and Tempura are used for respectively the formal specification and simulation of a large scale system, namely the general purpose multi threaded dataflow processor EP/3. The paper shows that this processor can be specified concisely within ITL and simulated with Tempura. But it also discusses some problems encountered during the specification and simulation, and indicates what should be added to solve those problems.
On the non-confluence of cut-elimination

Abstract We study cut-elimination in first-order classical logic. We construct a sequence of polynomial-length proofs having a non-elementary number of different cut-free normal forms. These normal forms are different in a strong sense: they not only represent different Herbrand-disjunctions but also differ in their prepositional structure. This result illustrates that the constructive content of a proof in classical logic is not uniquely determined but rather depends on the chosen method for extracting it.
Developmental Decrease in Synaptic Facilitation at the Mouse Hippocampal Mossy Fibre Synapse

Transmission at the hippocampal mossy fibre (MF)‐CA3 pyramidal cell synapse is characterized by prominent activity‐dependent facilitation, which is thought to provide a wide dynamic range in hippocampal informational flow. At this synapse in mice the magnitude of paired‐pulse facilitation and frequency‐dependent facilitation markedly decreased with postnatal development from 3 weeks (3W) to 9 weeks (9W). Throughout this period the mean amplitude and variance of unitary EPSCs stayed constant. By altering extracellular Ca2+/Mg2+ concentrations the paired‐pulse ratio could be changed to a similar extent as observed during development. However, this was accompanied by an over 30‐fold change in EPSC amplitude, suggesting that the developmental change in facilitation ratio cannot simply be explained by a change in release probability. With paired‐pulse stimulation the Ca2+ transients at MF terminals, monitored using mag‐fura‐5, showed a small facilitation, but its magnitude remained similar between 3W and 9W mice. Pharmacological tests using CNQX, adenosine, LY341495, H‐7 or KN‐62 suggested that neither presynaptic receptors (kainate, adenosine and metabotropic glutamate) nor protein kinases are responsible for the developmental change in facilitation. Nevertheless, loading the membrane‐permeable form of BAPTA attenuated the paired‐pulse facilitation in 3W mice to a much greater extent than in 9W mice, resulting in a marked reduction in age difference. These results suggest that the developmental decrease in the MF synaptic facilitation arises from a change associated with residual Ca2+, a decrease in residual Ca2+ itself or a change in Ca2+‐binding sites involved in the facilitation. A developmental decline in facilitation ratio reduces the dynamic range of MF transmission, possibly contributing to the stabilization of hippocampal circuitry.
Association between global DNA hypomethylation in leukocytes and risk of breast cancer

Background: Global DNA hypomethylation may result in chromosomal instability and oncogene activation, and as a surrogate of systemic methylation activity, may be associated with breast cancer risk. Methods: Samples and data were obtained from women with incident early-stage breast cancer (I–IIIa) and women who were cancer free, frequency matched on age and race. In preliminary analyses, genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA was determined by measuring 5-methyldeoxycytosine (5-mdC), as well as methylation analysis of the LINE-1-repetitive DNA element. Further analyses used only 5-mdC levels. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of breast cancer in relation to amounts of methylation. Results: In a subset of samples tested (n = 37), 5-mdC level was not correlated with LINE-1 methylation. 5-mdC level in leukocyte DNA was significantly lower in breast cancer cases than healthy controls (P = 0.001), but no significant case–control differences were observed with LINE-1 methylation (P = 0.176). In the entire data set, we noted significant differences in 5-mdC levels in leukocytes between cases (n = 176) and controls (n = 173); P value < 0.001. Compared with women in the highest 5-mdC tertile (T3), women in the second (T2; OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 0.84–2.65) and lowest tertile (T1; OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.65–4.94) had higher risk of breast cancer (P for trend ≤0.001). Among controls only and cases and controls combined, only alcohol intake was found to be inversely associated with methylation levels. Conclusion: These findings suggest that leukocyte DNA hypomethylation is independently associated with development of breast cancer.
INDELible: A Flexible Simulator of Biological Sequence Evolution

Many methods exist for reconstructing phylogenies from molecular sequence data, but few phylogenies are known and can be used to check their efficacy. Simulation remains the most important approach to testing the accuracy and robustness of phylogenetic inference methods. However, current simulation programs are limited, especially concerning realistic models for simulating insertions and deletions. We implement a portable and flexible application, named INDELible, for generating nucleotide, amino acid and codon sequence data by simulating insertions and deletions (indels) as well as substitutions. Indels are simulated under several models of indel-length distribution. The program implements a rich repertoire of substitution models, including the general unrestricted model and nonstationary nonhomogeneous models of nucleotide substitution, mixture, and partition models that account for heterogeneity among sites, and codon models that allow the nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio to vary among sites and branches. With its many unique features, INDELible should be useful for evaluating the performance of many inference methods, including those for multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree inference, and ancestral sequence, or genome reconstruction.
Oral Discourse in the Preschool Years and Later Literacy Skills

This study investigated relationships between preschoolers’ oral discourse and their later skill at reading and writing. Thirty-two children participated in narrative and expository oral language tasks at age 5 years and reading comprehension and writing assessments at age 8 years. Children’s ability to mark the significance of narrated events through the use of evaluation at age 5 predicted reading comprehension skills at age 8. Children’s ability to represent informational content in expository talk at age 5 also predicted reading comprehension at age 8. Control of discourse macrostructures in both narrative and expository talk at age 5 was associated with written narrative skill at age 8. These findings point to a complex and differentiated role for oral language in supporting early literacy.
Nursing functions in adaptation to chronic illness.

The event of chronic illness precipitates a relatively orderly process that allows a person to adapt to living with the illness. Effective nursing is based on understanding this process. During the course of a comprehensive, longitudinal study of the needs of nonhospitalized persons with multiple sclerosis, this response to illness over a period of time, and nursing responsibility in relation to it, was recognized. This was striking in relation to this group of patients but is
Spoken language technologies applied to digital talking books

Digital Talking Books (DTBs) offer to visually impaired users an evolution of analogue talking books that mimics the interaction possibilities of print books. This paper describes a new DTB player which tries to improve the usability and accessibility of current players, through the combination of the possibilities offered by multimodal interaction and interface adaptability, and the integration of several language processing components. Besides the potential for a greater enjoyment of the reader in general, these modifications also pave the way to the use of DTBs in different domains, from e-inclusion to e-learning applications.
Historical re-enactment: narrativity, affect and the sublime

The Karelian Evacuation Trail is an annual re-enactment event which commemorates the uprooting of the Finno-Karelian population from their homeland in present-day Russia, and their resettlement in residual Finland in the aftermath of the Second World War. Initiated in 2006 by the Society of Children Displaced by the War, the Trail has since been held annually, each time in a different municipality in Southern Finland. In the Evacuation Trail, plot lines derived from family traditions and national literature act as a Gestalt, within which the empirical phenomena gained via sensorial stimuli are perceived. The embodied experience generates a sublime effect and a grounding sense of community among the participants. Based on my case study, I argue that inter-subjective co-creation through embodied performance provides a more inclusive alternative to the institution of ‘branded authorship’ prevalent in modernist historiography. It is particularly well suited for representing postmodern collectivities, traumatised by major displacements and destabilised by social change and the far-reaching ‘dispersal’ and ‘disembodiment’ of contemporary media.
Supporting the reflective practice of tutors: what do tutors reflect on?

Effective self-reflection is a key component of excellent teaching. We describe the types of self-reflection identified in tutors’ reflective statements following a peer observation of teaching exercise. We used an adapted version of the categories developed by Grushka, McLeod and Reynolds in 2005 to code text from 20 written statements as technical (26% of comments), practical (36% of comments) and critical (33% of comments). Tutors also wrote about the affective aspects of the exercise and the majority of such comments were positive. Most tutors reflected in a holistic way about their teaching, noting the importance of getting the technical aspects right while also being concerned about pedagogical matters and issues beyond the classroom. The exercise was an effective way to prompt tutors to reflect on their teaching and helped tutors articulate and formalise their learning from the peer observation activity. Suggestions for further exploration of the reflective practice of tutors are provided.
Shaping children's mobilities: expectations of gendered parenting in the English rural idyll

This paper explores the impact of local parenting practices and children's everyday use of public space within two villages in the rural South West of England, an issue that has been underexplored in recent research. Drawing upon the concept of hybridity, it explores the interplay between the social, natural and material in shaping local cultures of rural parenting. The paper begins by drawing upon recent research on parenting in the global North, the gendering of rural space and hybridity to show how these bodies of work can be interlinked to better understand rural parenting practices and norms. Through empirical research that focused on the relationships between gendered parenting strategies, idealised notions of rural motherhood and materiality, the paper explores the diverse ways in which a group of working and middle-class mothers construct and define ideas about their children's lives and mobilities. Whilst dominant discourses of rurality focus upon the idyll, and gendered identities of rural women still remain within the domestic sphere, so we examine how these deeply embedded notions of ‘normality’ can be powerful social tools in rural villages, mobilised through discourses of materiality and anxiety. In our conclusions, we argue that the hybrid integration of the material and social provides a useful framework for understanding the everyday geographies of rural parenting.
Mental Health and Quality of Life of Disable Palestinian Children in the Gaza Strip

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of mental health problems and quality of life among Palestinian disable children. The sample consisted of 391 disable Palestinian children in the Gaza Strip which was selected randomly from the data base of two NGOs working with such group of children. The age of children ranged from 6 - 18 years with mean age (11.73). Instruments: The children and adolescents demographic data were collected by questionnaire include sex, age, class, and place of residence, Gaza Child Health Study Scales (parents and children forms), and The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory generic core (version 4.0) scale. The results showed that children reported mean conduct disorder was 1.33; oppositional disorder was 5; mean overanxious was 6.75; separation anxiety mean was 6.36; and depression was 7.57. There were statistically significant differences toward boys in depression. According to parents, mean conduct disorder mean was 1.94; mean oppositional disorder was 6.09; mean overanxious was 7.47; separation anxiety mean was 6.48; and mean depression was 9.6. The study showed that mean depression in boys was 10.4 compared to 8.9 in girls. There were statistically significant differences toward boys in depression. Parents of children with physical disabilities reported more overanxious problems in their children compared to other parents with other types of disabilities (vision, mental, and multiple). Also, parents of children with physical disability had more separation anxiety than other groups (mental and multiple disabilities). Quality of life of children was scored by children themselves; mean emotional functioning was 8.24; mean social functioning was 6.65; school functioning mean was 9.17; and cognitive functioning was 8.57. The study showed that mental health problems rated by children such as conduct disorder was positively correlated with emotional and cognitive functioning; oppositional disorder was correlated with emotional, social, and cognitive function; overanxious disorder was correlated emotional, school, and cognitive functioning; separation anxiety was correlated emotional functioning; and depression was correlated emotional, social, and cognitive functioning.
A multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial of anakinra (Kineret), a recombinant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with background methotrexate

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of 100 mg daily anakinra (Kineret), a recombinant form of the naturally occurring interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, plus methotrexate (MTX) in reducing the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Patients with active RA (n = 506) despite current treatment with MTX were enrolled in this multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study. Patients received subcutaneous injections of anakinra 100 mg/day or placebo. They were assessed monthly for 6 months for improvement in signs and symptoms of RA and for adverse events. The primary efficacy measure was the percentage of patients attaining ACR20 response at week 24. Results: Significantly greater proportions of patients treated with anakinra compared with placebo achieved ACR20 (38% v 22%; p<0.001), ACR50 (17% v 8%; p<0.01), and ACR70 (6% v 2%; p<0.05) responses. The response to anakinra was rapid; the proportion of patients with an ACR20 response at the first study assessment (4 weeks) was twice as high with anakinra as with placebo (p<0.005). Clinically meaningful and statistically significant responses were also seen in individual components of the ACR response (for example, Health Assessment Questionnaire, pain, C reactive protein levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Anakinra was well tolerated, with a safety profile, similar to that of placebo with one exception: mild to moderate injection site reactions were more common with anakinra than with placebo (65% v 24%). Conclusions: This study confirms previous observations from a dose-ranging study showing that anakinra, in combination with MTX, is an effective and safe treatment for patients with RA who have inadequate responses to MTX alone.
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement With Intravenous [O]Water Bolus and [F]Fluoromethane Inhalation

In 20 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease, classic migraine, or angiomas, we compared paired dynamic positron emission tomographic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow using both [O]water and [F]fluoromethane as tracers. Cerebral blood flow was also determined according to the autoradiographic technique with a bolus injection of [O]water. There were reasonable overall correlations between dynamic [O]water and [F]fluoromethane values for cerebral blood flow (r=0.82) and between dynamic and autoradiographic [O]water values for cerebral blood flow (r=0.83). We found a close correspondence between abnormal pathologic findings and visually evaluated cerebral blood flow tomograms obtained with the two tracers. On average, dynamic [O]water cerebral blood flow was 6% lower than that measured with [F]fluoromethane. There also was a general trend toward a greater underestimation with [O]water in high-flow areas, particularly in hyperemic areas, probably due to incomplete first-pass extraction of [O]water. Underestimation was not detected in low-flow areas or in the cerebellum. Absolute cerebral blood flow values were less closely correlated between tracers and techniques than cerebral blood flow patterns. The variability of the relation between absolute flow values was probably caused by confounding effects of the variation in the circulatory delay time. The autoradiographic technique was most sensitive to this type error. (Stroke 1989;20:1174-1181)
Synthesising heterogeneously encoded systems

Self-timed datapaths require their data to be encoded in a delay-insensitive manner. The dual-rail encoding is commonly used, but more complex codes offer the possibility of better energy efficiency or fewer wires-per-bit. However, these advantages are often negated by datapath manipulations within large systems that require code-groups to be split and reformed. These overheads may be reduced by heterogeneously encoding circuits based on the datapath requirements within the circuits. In this paper, such an approach is evaluated within the Balsa asynchronous synthesis system. Techniques for synthesising arbitrary m-of-n encodings for datapath components are presented. These implementations allow each channel within a handshake circuit to be assigned an individual encoding. An automated encoding mechanism is described which analyses the datapath requirements of Balsa circuits and assigns codes to channels based on the interaction between sections of datapaths. The performance of the heterogeneous approach is evaluated on two microprocessor implementations
A design space for three-dimensional curve edition

Designing and editing 3D curves is often involved in a wide array of applications such as CAD, multimedia content edition or landscape and road generation. This diversity resulted in a spread of 3D-related works across different communities such as SIGCHI or SIGGRAPH. In this article, we introduce a design space to gather existing techniques in the field of 3D curves creation and edition. This design space is built around two axes: system and language, in order to describe and compare existing techniques.
Vers un modèle d'indexation sémantique adapté aux dossiers médicaux de patients

Ce papier presente un modele d'indexation semantique adapte aux dossiers electroniques de patients. Ce modele servira de support a des processus de recherche d'information medicale, permettant a terme de promouvoir l'experience collective des medecins. Compte tenu de la specificite de ce type de documents, le processus d'indexation est base sur la succession d'etapes d'annotation semantique fondee sur l'utilisation de MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), de desambiguisation repondant au probleme d'homonymie, d'extraction de valeurs cliniques, puis de ponderation des concepts. Le schema de ponderation tient compte du niveau de description de l'index (document ou dossier) ainsi que de la localisation des concepts dans le document et dans la hierarchie de MeSH et ce, dans le but de traduire a la fois leur specificite et leur centralite. Le modele d'indexation propose est evalue sur un corpus de dossiers electroniques de patients et montre son efficacite pour ce type de documents.