Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biochemical characterization of a nuclear factor that binds to NF1‐like elements in the rat p53 promoter

We previously reported that two nuclear factor 1‐like elements mediated the transcription of the rat p53 gene. A 40‐kDa protein was shown to bind to these elements, which was different from common NF1 family proteins. In this study, the biochemical properties of the 40‐kDa binding protein were investigated. The metal ion dependency of the protein was examined with various chelators; the protein was proved to require Mg2+ for maximum DNA‐binding activity. The binding protein was highly resistant to ionic strength and denaturant. The protein‐DNA complex was reduced at high NaCl concentration, but residual DNA‐binding activity remained. Even 2 M urea did not completely eliminate the formation of protein‐DNA complex. DNA‐binding activity of the protein was also stable at high temperature. Treatment of the protein‐DNA complex with increasing concentrations of proteinase K or trypsin demonstrated the existence of a protease‐resistant DNA‐bound core. These biochemical properties provide new insight into the 40‐kDa NF1‐like nuclear factor. J. Cell. Biochem. 78:1–7, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DOMESTICANDO EL DESIERTO: MEDIO AMBIENTE Y OCUPACIONES HUMANAS EN RAMADITAS, DESIERTO DE ATACAMA

El sitio arqueologico de Ramaditas tiene un significado mas alla de su valor historico-social y ambiental. Localizado en uno de los desiertos mas aridos y antiguos del mundo, el desierto de Atacama, Ramaditas representa un reto al entendimiento actual de la importancia del agua como recurso de sustento y desarrollo humano en cualquier lugar. Bajo estas condiciones es dificil explicar como las sociedades prehispanicas lograron asentarse y prosperar en un medio de tal hostilidad. Estudios previos realizados en diversas zonas del desierto de Atacama, y en especial en las areas de Guatacondo y Tarapaca, demuestran que han sido dramaticamente mas productivas en el pasado. El hecho que las sociedades hayan podido desarrollarse en estos ambientes y mantener niveles demograficos mas altos que los actuales requieren de una explicacion. El area de Ramaditas/Guatacondo exhibe importantes evidencias de ocupacion humana que se manifiestan en conjuntos arquitectonicos concentrados en dos aldeas principales, extensos campos de cultivos y rasgos tales como reservorios de agua, pequenos tranques, pozos artesianos, una extensa red de canales y dispositivos para controlar el flujo del agua. El area es importante tanto desde el punto de vista climatologico como arqueologico, debido a que se ubica gran cantidad de artefactos y uso de la tierra con practicas agricolas que estaban en pleno desarrollo hace 2500 anos. En este trabajo entregamos recientes resultados en relacion con las condiciones paleoambientales del area obtenidos a traves de estudios dendrocronologicos que favorecen un modelo pa-leoclimatico a nivel macrofisico basado en indices de precipitaciones en la alta cordillera y el subsecuente escurrimiento de aguas hacia la Pampa del Tamarugal.
Approach for using Learner Satisfaction to Evaluate the Learning Adaptation Policy

The learning adaptation is a very important phase in a learning situation in human learning environments. This paper presents the authors' approach used to evaluate the effectiveness of learning adaptive systems. This approach is based on the analysis of learner satisfaction notices collected by a questionnaire on a learning situation; to analyze the data the authors will use the space Density-based clustering algorithm of clustering applications with noise. This proposed approach aims to help managers of human learning environments to improve policy used in the learning adaptation phase for learners from the analysis results of collected data.
Zebrafish as a model for determining the mechanisms causing deafness in MYH9-related disease

ZEBRAFISH AS A MODEL FOR DETERMINING THE MECHANISMS CAUSING DEAFNESS IN MYH9-RELATED DISEASE by Luke Spychalla The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2014 Under the Supervision of Dr. Jennifer Gutzman, Ph.D. Approximately 1 in 500 infants are diagnosed with hearing loss, and about half of these cases can be traced to genetic defects. Several hundred genes have been implicated in deafness, including MYH9, which codes for the conventional motor protein non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA). Mutations in MYH9 lead to syndromic MYH9-related diseases, which include deafness as a variable symptom, as well as non-syndromic autosomal deafness DFNA17. Despite its identification as a deafness gene, the functions of MYH9 in ear development and hearing remain unknown. To study this role, we will use zebrafish as a model. Zebrafish offer significant advantages including established genetic tools, large clutch sizes, and transparent embryos that develop externally. In addition, nonmuscle myosin genes, including MYH9, are highly conserved from zebrafish to human, and the development and function of the vertebrate ear is also highly conserved. Zebrafish share many inner ear structures with humans including the sensory hair cells and cilia that make vestibular and auditory function possible. We hypothesize that myh9 plays a significant role in the developing zebrafish ear as suggested by myh9 knockdown experiments, which resulted in the phenotype
Joint Estimation of Channel Parameters for MIMO Communication Systems

In the next generation mobile communication systems, high data rates and high capacity are expected if multiple antennas are used at both receive and transmit sides. Such a radio propagation channel constitutes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In a wireless MIMO system, it is possible to estimate channel parameters in a multipath environment by extending the classical parameter estimation methods to the joint space and time domain. In this paper, we propose a subspace-based approach to jointly estimate the angle-of-arrival (AOA), angle-of-departure (AOD) and delay-of-arrival (DOA) of digitally modulated multipath signals in MIMO communication systems. The novel approach uses a collection of estimates of a space-time manifold vector of the channel which utilizes a Khatri-Rao product to transfer the estimated channel response matrix to the classical model. Simulation results show that the proposed methods can achieve high resolution of channel parameters and resolve more multipath components than the number of array elements
Exponentially more precise quantum simulation of fermions in second quantization

We introduce novel algorithms for the quantum simulation of fermionic systems which are dramatically more efficient than those based on the Lie–Trotter–Suzuki decomposition. We present the first application of a general technique for simulating Hamiltonian evolution using a truncated Taylor series to obtain logarithmic scaling with the inverse of the desired precision. The key difficulty in applying algorithms for general sparse Hamiltonian simulation to fermionic simulation is that a query, corresponding to computation of an entry of the Hamiltonian, is costly to compute. This means that the gate complexity would be much higher than quantified by the query complexity. We solve this problem with a novel quantum algorithm for on-the-fly computation of integrals that is exponentially faster than classical sampling. While the approaches presented here are readily applicable to a wide class of fermionic models, we focus on quantum chemistry simulation in second quantization, perhaps the most studied application of Hamiltonian simulation. Our central result is an algorithm for simulating an N spin–orbital system that requires  ˜ ( N 5 t ) ? > gates. This approach is exponentially faster in the inverse precision and at least cubically faster in N than all previous approaches to chemistry simulation in the literature.
DIELECTROPHORETIC (DEP) CYTOMETER: LABEL-FREE ELECTRONIC SENSING OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CELLS

We designed and developed a sensor that allows us to electronically monitor changes in physiological properties of biological cells. Based on the ability to simultaneously detect and dielectrophoretically (DEP) actuate cells, we can observe unique changes in the electronic detection signature that are directly related to polarizability of the cell. The important novel feature of this work is a differential electrode array that allows us to relate changes in the cell polarizability -– attributable to changes in physiological properties -to a simple measurable physical variable such as the amount of vertical cell translation during DEP actuation.
Uveal Melanoma: Evidence for Efficacy of Therapy

More than 90% of all uveal melanomas involve the choroid, with the remainder being confined to the ciliary body and/or iris. Melanomas involving the choroid cause visual loss as a result of retinal pigment epitheliopathy overlying the tumor and serous retinal detachment. Ciliary body tumors can also cause astigmatism and cataract formation. Tumors in the anterior chamber can cause glaucoma with secondary visual loss. The eye can become painful as a result of neovascular glaucoma or uveitis. There can be extraocular spread into the episclera or orbit, causing proptosis. If neglected, uveal melanomas can form a fungating mass and can spread posteriorly to the brain. Almost 50% of all patients with uveal melanoma develop metastatic disease, which usually involves the liver and is nearly always fatal. Metastatic disease occurs almost exclusively in patients whose tumor shows chromosome 3 loss and/or a class 2 gene-expression profile. These abnormalities are highly lethal, with survival time correlating inversely with basal tumor diameter and mitotic count. The objectives of ocular treatment are to prevent metastatic spread, and if possible, to conserve the eye and useful vision. Eye-conserving therapeutic modalities include various forms of phototherapy, radiotherapy and local resection, which can be administered individually or in combination. Patient care also includes education, prognostication, counseling, and emotional support, to enhance quality of life. The aims of this review are: (1) to discuss the efficacy of ocular treatment in terms of local tumor control, preservation of vision, ocular conservation, quality of life, and survival; and (2) to discuss the evidence currently available. It is assumed that the reader is familiar with the therapeutic modalities mentioned in this review.
Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Paramyxovirus Infections

ABSTRACT Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gaseous mediator that has gained increasing recognition as an important player in modulating acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, its role in virus-induced lung inflammation is currently unknown. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children for which no vaccine or effective treatment is available. Using the slow-releasing H2S donor GYY4137 and propargylglycin (PAG), an inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), a key enzyme that produces intracellular H2S, we found that RSV infection led to a reduced ability to generate and maintain intracellular H2S levels in airway epithelial cells (AECs). Inhibition of CSE with PAG resulted in increased viral replication and chemokine secretion. On the other hand, treatment of AECs with the H2S donor GYY4137 reduced proinflammatory mediator production and significantly reduced viral replication, even when administered several hours after viral absorption. GYY4137 also significantly reduced replication and inflammatory chemokine production induced by human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and Nipah virus (NiV), suggesting a broad inhibitory effect of H2S on paramyxovirus infections. GYY4137 treatment had no effect on RSV genome replication or viral mRNA and protein synthesis, but it inhibited syncytium formation and virus assembly/release. GYY4137 inhibition of proinflammatory gene expression occurred by modulation of the activation of the key transcription factors nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) at a step subsequent to their nuclear translocation. H2S antiviral and immunoregulatory properties could represent a novel treatment strategy for paramyxovirus infections. IMPORTANCE RSV is a global health concern, causing significant morbidity and economic losses as well as mortality in developing countries. After decades of intensive research, no vaccine or effective treatment, with the exception of immunoprophylaxis, is available for this infection as well as for other important respiratory mucosal viruses. This study identifies hydrogen sulfide as a novel cellular mediator that can modulate viral replication and proinflammatory gene expression, both important determinants of lung injury in respiratory viral infections, with potential for rapid translation of such findings into novel therapeutic approaches for viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia.
The English gentleman : the rise and fall of an ideal

The idea of "the gentleman is central to the English view of the world. It runs through and illuminates English history at least from the time of Chaucer's "parfit gentil knight". For the Victorians, it provided a second religion which underpinned not only daily life, but the whole edifice of empire. What were the origins of this ideal, this code, this club? Philip Mason traces its development and transformation through the characters of Sir Philip Sidney, Lord Chesterfield, Jane Austen's Mr Knightley and Captain Wentworth, Lord Lonsdale, Trollope's Duke of Omnium and Captain Oates. He shows how the the sporting gentleman is distinct from the gentleman-scholar; and the Christian gentleman from the officer and gentleman; how a man may be an aristocrat and no gentleman, or humbly born and one of nature's gentlemen. In an epilogue, Mason demonstrates that the concept still flourishes in today's egalitarian times. Other titles by the author include "Man, Race and Darwin", "Patterns of Dominance", "A Matter of Honour", "Kipling", "Skinner of Skinner's Horse" and "The Men Who Ruled India". He has also published seven novels under the name of Philip Woodruff.
Two-dimensional locality sensitive discriminant analysis

Recently, locality sensitive discriminant analysis (LSDA) was proposed for dimensionality reduction. As far as matrix data, such as images, they are often vectorized for LSDA algorithm to find the intrinsic manifold structure. Such a matrix-to-vector transform may cause the loss of some structural information residing in original 2D images. Firstly, this paper proposes an algorithm named two-dimensional locality sensitive discriminant analysis (2DLSDA), which directly extracts the proper features from image matrices based on LSDA algorithm. And the experimental results on the ORL database show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. After that, 2DLSDA plus Fisherface, which was presented for the further dimensionality reduction, was compared with other dimention reduction methods, namely Eigenface, LSDA and 2DLSDA plus PCA. Experiments show that conducting Fisherface after 2DLSDA achieves high recognition accuracy.
A 21.2μA ΔΣ-based interface ASIC for a capacitive 3-axis micro-accelerometer

In this paper, a micropower interface IC for a capacitive 3-axis micro-accelerometer implemented in a 0.25-mum CMOS process is presented. The fully-integrated sensor interface consists of a DeltaSigma sensor front-end that converts the acceleration signal into the digital domain, a decimator, a frequency reference, a clock generator for the front-end, a voltage and current reference, the required reference buffers, and low-dropout regulators (LDOs) needed for system-on-chip power management. The interface IC provides operating modes for 1 and 25 Hz signal bandwidths. The chip with a 1.72 mm2 active area draws 21.2 muA in 1 Hz mode, and 97.6 muA in 25 Hz mode, from a 1.2-2.75 V supply. In 1 Hz mode with a plusmn2 -g capacitive 3-axis accelerometer, the measured noise floors in the x-, y-, and z-directions are 1080, 1165 and 930 mug/radicHz, respectively.
A 22nm dynamically adaptive clock distribution for voltage droop tolerance

A 22nm all-digital dynamically adaptive clock distribution mitigates the impact of high-frequency supply voltage (VCC) droops on microprocessor performance and energy efficiency. Silicon measurements demonstrate simultaneous throughput gains and energy reductions ranging from 14% and 3% at 1.0V to 31% and 15% at 0.6V, respectively, for a 10% VCC droop.
Accurate repair of non‐cohesive, double strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: enhancement by homology‐assisted end‐joining

Although the joining of blunt ends in yeast by non‐homologous end joining (NHEJ) is reported to be inefficient in comparison to cohesive‐end joining (Boulton and Jackson, 1996 ), we find that efficiency varies greatly, depending on strain, growth phase and sequence. In particular, the levels of efficiency of recircularization of a plasmid linearized by non‐cohesive cleavage is augmented to that of cohesive end joining if the cleavage cut site is flanked by sequences present in the genome. We call this enhancement ‘homology‐assisted end joining’ (HAEJ), which depends on components of the NHEJ repair pathway and, in some cases, on components of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway and on Htl1 a component of the remodels structure of chromatin (RSC) complex. The homologous genome sequences are not used as templates for repair DNA synthesis, but may facilitate end‐to‐end collision and ligation by providing a track for guided diffusion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of a Novel d-Lyxose Isomerase from Cohnella laevoribosii RI-39 sp. nov

ABSTRACT A newly isolated bacterium, Cohnella laevoribosii RI-39, could grow in a defined medium with l-ribose as the sole carbon source. A 21-kDa protein isomerizing l-ribose to l-ribulose, as well as d-lyxose to d-xylulose, was purified to homogeneity from this bacterium. Based on the N-terminal and internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme obtained by N-terminal sequencing and quantitative time of flight mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry analyses, a 549-bp gene (lyxA) encoding d-lyxose (l-ribose) isomerase was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified endogenous enzyme and the recombinant enzyme formed homodimers that were activated by Mn2+. C. laevoribosii d-lyxose (l-ribose) isomerase (CLLI) exhibits maximal activity at pH 6.5 and 70°C in the presence of Mn2+ for d-lyxose and l-ribose, and its isoelectric point (pI) is 4.2 (calculated pI, 4.9). The enzyme is specific for d-lyxose, l-ribose, and d-mannose, with apparent Km values of 22.4 ± 1.5 mM, 121.7 ± 10.8 mM, and 34.0 ± 1.1 mM, respectively. The catalytic efficiencies (k cat/Km ) of CLLI were 84.9 ± 5.8 mM−1 s−1 for d-lyxose (V max, 5,434.8 U mg−1), 0.2 mM−1 s−1 for l-ribose (V max, 75.5 ± 6.0 U mg−1), and 1.4 ± 0.1 mM−1 s−1 for d-mannose (V max, 131.8 ± 7.4 U mg−1). The ability of lyxA to permit E. coli cells to grow on d-lyxose and l-ribose and homology searches of other sugar-related enzymes, as well as previously described sugar isomerases, suggest that CLLI is a novel type of rare sugar isomerase.
Model selection via meta-learning: a comparative study

The selection of an appropriate inducer is crucial for performing effective classification. In previous work we presented a system called NOEMON which relied on a mapping between dataset characteristics and inducer performance to propose inducers for specific datasets. Instance based learning was used to create that mapping. Here we extend and refine the set of data characteristics; we also use a wider range of base-level inducers and a much larger collection of datasets to create the meta-models. We compare the performance of meta-models produced by instance based learners, decision trees and boosted decision trees. The results show that decision trees and boosted decision trees models enhance the perfomance of the system.
Segmented Region Extraction in CT Images for Lung Cancer Detection

Medical imaging plays a vital role in the detection of cancer. Lung cancer is one of the cancer that cause death among people throughout the world. The detection of the lung cancer is a challenging problem, due to the structure of the cancer cells. Early detection of lung cancer can increase the chance of survival among people. The overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer patients increases from 14 to 49%, if the disease is detected in time. Although Computed Tomography (CT) can be more efficient than X-ray. The manual analysis of the sputum samples is time consuming, inaccurate and requires intensive trained person to avoid diagnostic errors. However, problem seemed to merge due to time constraint in detecting the present of lung cancer regarding on the several diagnosing method used. Hence, a lung cancer detection system using image processing to classify the present of lung cancer in a CT- images. In this study, MATLAB have been used through every procedures made. In image processing procedures, process such as image pre-processing, thresholding, segmentation and image classification have been discussed in detail. We are aiming to get the more accurate results by using various enhancement and segmentation techniques. This project presents a segmentation method, Lloyds clustering algorithm, for segmenting computed tomography images to detect the lung cancer in its early stages.
Theoretical Investigation on Nonlinear Multimode Interference Couplers Based on Volterra Series

In this paper, a theory to characterize nonlinear Kerr effect in multimode interference (MMI) couplers is presented. The theory is based on the solution for the spatial nonlinear Schrödinger equation (SNLSE) with the Volterra series. The derivation is first conducted for the 1-D MMI couplers and later extended to the 2-D MMI couplers. It is revealed in the analysis that the first order component of the Volterra series is actually the exact solution for the SNLSE when the nonlinear effect is negligible. Numerical simulation shows the third order component of the Volterra series provides an accurate prediction for the nonlinear evolution inside MMI couplers. The derived analytical formulas can provide a deep insight into the nonlinear effects in MMI couplers and other planar multimode waveguides.
CARCASS DISAPPEARANCE AND ESTIMATION OF MORTALITY IN A SIMULATED DIE-OFF OF SMALL BIRDS

Carcasses of day-old chicks were placed randomly in grazed, mixed-grass pasture at a density of 50/ha each day for 5 days. Randomly chosen circular plots with a combined area equal to 10% of the total were searched each day for 10 days. The search method detected 95.2% of carcasses placed the day of the search but remains were found of only 20.8% of chicks placed 24 hr prior to searches. Seventy-six percent of carcasses that were observed daily disappeared completely within 24 hr. Although 250 carcasses were placed over a 5-day period, only two intact carcasses that had been in place for ≥24 hr were found during searches. Estimates derived by extrapolation from the sampled area underestimated cumulative “mortality” on the entire area and did not reflect the course of the simulated outbreak well. There was a low degree of precision among repeated samples from the same area.
HLH-94: a treatment protocol for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. HLH study Group of the Histiocyte Society.

In January 1995, the Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Study Group opened its first international treatment study dedicated to the hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytoses. The main intention of the study protocol is to offer affected children therapy with a wellestablished chemotherapeutic regimen (epipodophyllotoxin and corticosteroids) in combinationwith a newer approach, immunotherapy with cyclosporin A. Subsequent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is recommended to all children with an available donor. The purpose of this communication is to describe this approach to management, that intends to prolong survival and increase the cure rate for children throughout the world with this highly lethal disease [1].