Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-130a associates with ribosomal protein L11 to suppress c-Myc expression in response to UV irradiation

The oncoprotein c-Myc is essential for cell growth and proliferation while its deregulated overexpression is associated with most human cancers. Thus tightly regulated levels and activity of c-Myc are critical for maintaining normal cell homeostasis. c-Myc is down-regulated in response to several types of stress, including UV-induced DNA damage. Yet, mechanism underlying UV-induced c-Myc reduction is not completely understood. Here we report that L11 promotes miR-130a targeting of c-myc mRNA to repress c-Myc expression in response to UV irradiation. miR-130a targets the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of c-myc mRNA. Overexpression of miR-130a promotes the Ago2 binding to c-myc mRNA, significantly reduces the levels of both c-Myc protein and mRNA and inhibits cell proliferation. UV treatment markedly promotes the binding of L11 to miR-130a, c-myc mRNA as well as Ago2 in cells. Inhibiting miR-130a significantly suppresses UV-mediated c-Myc reduction. We further show that L11 is relocalized from the nucleolus to the cytoplasm where it associates with c-myc mRNA upon UV treatment. Together, these results reveal a novel mechanism underlying c-Myc down-regulation in response to UV-mediated DNA damage, wherein L11 promotes miR-130a-loaded miRISC to target c-myc mRNA.
Evidence of Lingual-Luring by an Aquatic Snake

-We describe and quantify the components of an unusual snake behavior used to attract fish prey: lingual-luring. Our earlier research on the foraging behavior of the Pacific Coast aquatic garter snake (Thamnophis atratus) indicated that adults are active foragers, feeding primarily on aquatic Pacific giant salamanders (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) in streambed substrates. Juvenile snakes, however, use primarily ambush tactics to capture larval anurans and juvenile salmonids along stream margins, behaviors that include the lingual-luring described here. We found that lingual-luring differed from typical chemosensory tongue-flicking by the position of the snake, contact of the tongue with the water surface, and the length of time the tongue was extended. Luring snakes are in ambush position and extend and hold their tongues out rigid, with the tongue-tips quivering on the water surface, apparently mimicking insects in order to draw young fish within striking range. This behavior is a novel adaptation of the tongue-vomeronasal system by a visually-oriented predator. The luring of prey by snakes has been associated primarily with the use of the tail, a behavior termed caudal luring (e.g., Neill, 1960; Greene and Campbell, 1972; Heatwole and Davison, 1976; Jackson and Martin, 1980; Schuett et al., 1984; Chizar et al., 1990). Greene and Campbell (1972) noted that caudal luring was a form of mimicry, which Schuett et al. (1984) called feeding mimicry. Lingual-luring behavior, analogous to that which we described here, has been described in the alligator snapping turtle (Macroclemys temminckii) (Drummond and Gordon, 1979) and the snowy egret (Egretta thula) (Buckley and Buckley, 1968). Most research on ophidian tongue use has focused on the chemosensory function of the tongue. In fact two reviews of the behavioral ecology of snakes make no mention of a lingualluring function (Mushinsky, 1987; Ford and Burghardt, 1993). However, Lillywhite and Henderson (1993) noted the occurrence of a prolonged extension of the tongue observed in vine snakes (e.g., Kennedy, 1965; Henderson and Binder, 1980), a behavior which is described in detail by Gove (1979). Lillywhite and Henderson (1993) listed prey luring as one of several possible hypotheses to explain this phenomenon (but see Keiser, 1975). We know of one other reference to a similar behavior in a laboratory setting (Czaplicki and Porter, 1974). Here we describe and quantify field observations of lingualluring by a snake for the first time. We have studied the natural history, behavior, and population dynamics of the Pacific Coast aquatic garter snake (Thamnophis atratus) along an approximately 5 km section of Hurdygurdy 68 H. H. WELSH AND A. J. LIND TABLE 1. Timed field observations of durations (in seconds) of lingual-luring behavior in the Pacific Coast aquatic garter snake (Thamnophis atratus) at Hurdygurdy Creek, Del Norte County, California. Each line represents a different individual. SVL = snout to vent (cloaca) length. Total obs. # of x length of Date Gender SVL (mm) time (min:sec) tongue-flicks tongue-flicks Min-max
Effect of Research Questionnaires on Satisfaction with Treatment Care in Suicidal Adolescents and their Parents.

OBJECTIVE Few psychosocial treatment methods have been empirically validated as effective for the prevention of suicide in suicidal adolescents, in part due to concerns that research could compromise quality of care. The study assessed the impact of research batteries on satisfaction with psychiatric care in suicidal adolescents and their parents. METHOD Suicidal adolescents presenting to the emergency department of a major urban pediatric hospital were divided into two groups, one receiving treatment as usual and the other exposed to psychometric testing of the type typically used in research protocols both before and after their treatment. Following treatment, the patients of both groups and their parents were given questionnaires to assess satisfaction with the services they had received. Differences between the two groups were analyzed. RESULTS No significant intergroup differences were found (p>0.05) in either patients or their parents regarding treatment received from the emergency-room team, regardless of whether they had been subjected to the psychometric testing. CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence in the study to support concerns that extensive psychometric testing of the type frequently encountered in research studies undermines patient satisfaction with the care they receive.
Limits of opinion-finding baseline systems

In opinion-finding, the retrieval system is tasked with retrieving not just relevant documents, but which also express an opinion towards the query target entity. Most opinion-finding systems are based on a two-stage approach, where initially the system aims to retrieve relevant documents, which are then re-ranked according to the extent to which they are detected to be of an opinionated nature. In this work, we investigate how the underlying 'baseline' retrieval system performance affects the overall opinion-finding performance. We apply two effective opinion-finding techniques to all the baseline runs submitted to the TREC 2007 Blog track, and draw new insights and conclusions.
Implementing a secure abstract machine

Abstract machines are both theoretical models used to study language properties and practical models of language implementations. As with all language implementations, abstract machines are subject to security violations by the context in which they reside. This paper presents the implementation of an abstract machine for ML that preserves the abstractions of ML, in possibly malicious, low-level contexts. To guarantee this security result, we make use of a low-level memory isolation mechanism and derive the formalisation of the machine through a methodology, whose every step is accompanied by formal properties that ensure that the step has been carried out properly. We provide an implementation of the abstract machine and analyse its performance.
Gaming, States, and Tax Revenues—the Tortoise or the Hare: A CGE Comparative Assessment of Casino Resorts and Games-Only Casinos

Theoretically speaking, heavy tax rates on gambling should dampen growth of the casino revenues. Indeed, a cursory glance at data across U.S. states suggests more jobs and income are generated directly by the gaming industry when lower tax rates are applied. Using a detailed computable general equilibrium model, we evaluate the effects of a proposed machinebased casino on New Jersey’s economy as well as on the state’s existing set of casino resorts in Atlantic City. We find few winners other than the state’s tax coffers.
Classical and Inverted White's Effects

In classical White's effect, intermediate-luminance targets appear lighter when they interrupt the dark stripes of a grating and darker when they interrupt the light stripes. The effect is reversed when targets are of double-increment or double-decrement luminance, relative to the luminances of grating stripes. To find a common explanation for classical and inverted effects, we ran two experiments. In experiment 1, we utilised intermediate-target displays to show that perceived transparency dominates over occlusion only when the target luminance is close to the luminances of top regions. This result weakens transparency-based accounts of White's effect. In experiment 2, we varied grating contrast and target luminance to measure the classical effect in seven intermediate-target cases, as well as the inverted effect in four double-increment and four double-decrement cases. Both types of effect are explained by a common model, based on assimilation to the top region and contrast with the interrupted region, weighted by adjacency along the luminance continuum.
KAT-ML: an interactive theorem prover for Kleene algebra with tests

We describe KAT-ML, an implementation of an interactive theorem prover for Kleene algebra with tests (KAT). The system is designed to reflect the natural style of reasoning with KAT that one finds in the literature. One can also use the system to reason about properties of simple imperative programs using schematic KAT (SKAT). We explain how the system works and illustrate its use with some examples, including an extensive scheme equivalence proof.
Reliability design and case study of a refrigerator compressor subjected to repetitive loads.

A newly designed crankshaft of a compressor for a side-by-side (SBS) refrigerator was studied. Using mass and energy conservation balances, a variety of compressor loads typically found in a refrigeration cycle were analyzed. The laboratory failure modes and mechanisms were compressor locking and crankshaft wear. These were similar to those of the failed samples in the field. Failure analysis, accelerated life testing (ALT), and corrective actions were used to identify the key reliability parameters. The design parameters of the crankshaft included the hole locations and the groove of the crankshaft used for oil lubrication, crankshaft hardness, and thrust washer interference. Based on the analysis and design changes, the B1 life of the new design is now over ten years with a yearly failure
Observing intermediate structures in a parallel lazy functional language

Due to the use of higher-order functions and laziness, debugging lazy functional programs is not a trivial task. Fortunately, several debuggers have appeared during the last years. However, the difficulty of the debugging process is increased when considering parallel extensions of lazy functional languages. Thus, it is necessary not only to develop practical debuggers, but also to provide a clear semantic environment to understand what the debuggers should do. In this paper we present a formal framework for debugging two different parallel extensions of the lazy functional language Haskell. In order to do that, we define an operational semantics model which allows us to deal with side-effects and parallelism. By doing so, we provide a formalization of a parallel debugger we have already implemented by extending the sequential debugger Hood.
Recognizing context-aware activities of daily living using RGBD sensor

In this paper, we propose a Bayesian conditional probability with latent-structure model for context-aware activities of daily living (ADL) recognition. The proposed ADL recognition system takes RGBD sensor (Microsoft Kinect) as the input device. In ADL recognition, the object interacted with human is a sort of important context as well as human action. To better understand the activity, we model the interacted object and the human action together. As far as we known, many related works failed to take into account the relation between the context information and human action features, instead, most of them only consider the human action features, causing ambiguity in classifying the activities with similar human actions. In this paper, the context information and human action features are taken into consideration, concurrently, so that the performance of recognition can be greatly improved from previous works as has been demonstrated in our experimental results.
CONDENSER: A Graph-Based Approachfor Detecting Botnets

Botnets represent a global problem and are responsible for causing large financial and operational damage to their victims. They are implemented with evasion in mind, and aim at hiding their architecture and authors, making them difficult to detect in general. These kinds of networks are mainly used for identity theft, virtual extortion, spam campaigns and malware dissemination. Botnets have a great potential in warfare and terrorist activities, making it of utmost importance to take action against. We present CONDENSER, a method for identifying data generated by botnet activity. We start by selecting appropriate the features from several data feeds, namely DNS non-existent domain responses and live communication packages directed to command and control servers that we previously sinkholed. By using machine learning algorithms and a graph based representation of data, then allows one to identify botnet activity, helps identifying anomalous traffic, quickly detect new botnets and improve activities of tracking known botnets. Our main contributions are threefold: first, the use of a machine learning classifier for classifying domain names as being generated by domain generation algorithms (DGA); second, a clustering algorithm using the set of selected features that groups network communication with similar patterns; third, a graph based knowledge representation framework where we store processed data, allowing us to perform queries.
NanoIP: the zen of embedded networking

This paper reports on the development of an embedded networking protocol stack, which is for pervasive embedded devices. Taking into account requirements for sensors and low-price consumer devices. Instead of applying TCP/IP (designed to support routing and end-to-end connectivity) to embedded networking, our boundary conditions are quite different. The protocols presented here specifically provide embedded networking within local subnets. No routing is performed; instead a gateway can make the embedded devices visible to the global Internet. This configuration provides better scalability, RAM/ROM utilization, and lower power consumption. The developed single subnet architecture and additional protocols supporting pervasive applications are presented and shortly analyzed.
Promoting competence motivation via direct explanation : developing a self-efficacious ESL reader / Bromeley Philip

This paper attempts to explore the possibility of implementing an explicit strategy instruction to teach academic reading. It provides some interesting review of the literature on the probable benefits of an explicit strategy instruction such as Direct Explanation type of strategy instruction. Besides teaching strategies explicitly, Direct Explanation also incorporates a motivational approach component whereby it emphasises enhancing the learners' level of competence motivation. This in turn helps enhance the learners' level of selfefficacy which enables the learners to a large extent use the strategies effectively in their meaning making process. The increase in the learners' level of self-efficacy beliefs over a period of time was measured using a non-parametric test of Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Rank Test (WMPSRT), which denotes a positive result. The learners' performance in recall and comprehension of propositions was also measured for level of significance vis-a-vis that of the control group's, and the results were in favour of the experimental group.
Freight Performance Measure Systems (FPMS) System Evaluation and Data Analysis

One of the key measures of freight performance along interstate corridors in the United States is the average speed of travel. This report documents the findings and analysis of the ATRI Freight Performance Measure (FPM) database systems and investigates a potential FPM system design that can efficiently and effectively processes more and larger Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) datasets collected from various trucking companies. The current FPM system at ATRI was evolved from its previous system based on GIS software. The averaged speed calculations resulting from the data process of each FPM system are somewhat different. Analysis of the average speed calculation and investigation of speed differences are discussed in chapter one. FPM database system analysis and comparison are included in chapter two. The final chapter presents an ideal FPM system and requirements needed for migration. This report represents the results of research conducted by the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views or policy of the Center for Transportation Studies or the University of Minnesota.
A Survey on Tools essential for Semantic web Research

The Syntactic web search scheme is upgraded by adding semantics through the recent trends of Semantic web. The importance of Semantic web is due to the increased level of appropriate results on information retrieval. It brings a wide participation of researchers all over the world. Even beginners could gain an easier understanding of the Semantic web standards. This paper clearly illustrates some of the tools and technologies that are applied for effective semantic web development. Most of the efficient tools are open for access. Certain commercial tools for specific mode of development are also available.
The impact of family indifference on delinquency among American Indian youth: A test of general strain theory

ABSTRACT Native American (NA) youth's delinquency is one of the major problems that have been overlooked by criminal justice researchers and practitioners. To examine if negative family environment influences their delinquency with the mediating effect of negative emotion, this study analyzed structural equation modeling based on the General Strain Theory (GST). Using data regarding NA adolescents, this study found much evidence supporting GST. The results of the model with anger showed that anger was a mediating variable between family indifferences and delinquency, and the model with depression indicated that family indifferences increased delinquency through depression. However, some results in the model with anger and depression were not in accordance with GST hypothesis.
Accessing Mobile Apps with User Defined Gesture Shortcuts: An Exploratory Study

Smart phones have become the hub of people lives due to the overwhelming number and extensive range of apps available in app stores that are available to support their daily tasks. On average, smart phone users have around 100 apps installed on their devices and the number is ever growing. Thus, it becomes crucial to make sure they can quickly access these apps. In this paper, we present an exploratory study to understand users' memorability of their self-defined gestures for 15 frequently used mobile apps. The results show that although participants recalled their self-defined gestures most of the time, there are still certain factors that can influence their recall. The paper further analyses the underlining reasons and discusses how such issues could be addressed from a technical perspective.
Underlay Cognitive Proactive DF Relay Networks with Multiple Primary Transmitters and Receivers

The performance of underlay cognitive relay networks with multiple primary users and multiple proactive decode-and-forward relays is investigated. Particularly, both interference power constraints at multiple primary receivers and multiple primary transmitters' interference at secondary transmission nodes are taken into account. Considering correlations among the received signal-to- interference-plus-noise ratios, exact closed-form expressions for the outage probabilities of secondary users are derived for the cases with or without a direct secondary link over Rayleigh fading channels. A novel method is proposed to analyze the outage probability for cognitive proactive decode- and-forward relay networks in the presence of a direct secondary link. Simulation results show that the diversity gain is zero in the presence of multiple primary transmitters' interference, but the outage floor in the high SNR can be significantly decreased by an increase of the number of relays or by exploiting a direct secondary link.
Nonresponse Bias in the American Time Use Survey

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) is the first continuous, Federally-funded survey designed to measure how people spend their time. The ATUS sample is drawn from households completing their final month of interviews for the Current Population Survey (CPS). Because the CPS records contain a wealth of demographic information about respondents, this design enables us to look directly at nonresponse without having to rely on techniques such as data matching or the use of reluctant respondents to model nonrespondents. Our paper focuses on nonresponse rates and nonresponse bias. First, we describe nonresponse rates by demographic characteristics, and then we use logistic analysis to examine correlates of nonresponse, including demographic and interviewer characteristics. A propensity score model is utilized to examine differences in timeuse patterns and to assess the extent of nonresponse bias.
A multimodal predictive-interactive application for computer assisted transcription and translation

Traditionally, Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies have mainly focused on full automation. However, full automation often proves unnatural in many applications, where technology is expected to assist rather than replace the human agents. In consequence, Multimodal Interactive (MI) technologies have emerged. On the one hand, the user interactively co-operates with the system to improve system accuracy. On the other hand, multimodality improves system ergonomics. In this paper, we present an application that implements such MI technologies. First, we have designed an Application Programming Interface (API), featuring a client-server framework, to deal with most common NLP MI tasks. Second, we have developed a generic client application. The resulting client-server architecture has been successfully tested with two di erent NLP problems: transcription of text images and translation of texts.
Efficient semiparametric regression for longitudinal data with nonparametric covariance estimation

For longitudinal data, when the within-subject covariance is misspecified, the semiparametric regression estimator may be inefficient. We propose a method that combines the efficient semiparametric estimator with nonparametric covariance estimation, and is robust against misspecification of covariance models. We show that kernel covariance estimation provides uniformly consistent estimators for the within-subject covariance matrices, and the semiparametric profile estimator with substituted nonparametric covariance is still semiparametrically efficient. The finite sample performance of the proposed estimator is illustrated by simulation. In an application to CD4 count data from an AIDS clinical trial, we extend the proposed method to a functional analysis of the covariance model. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.