Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What is good for the circulation also lessens cancer risk.

Although there have been substantial advances in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications, a new player and concept has entered the scene, namely an association between CVD and cancer. There were two alerting signals to this remarkable coupling. On the one hand, disconcerting evidence has been provided that suggests that the use of angiotensin receptor blockers could be increasing the development of cancers.1–3 On the other hand, evidence has been provided that the preventative effects of aspirin both as an antithrombotic agent in CVD prevention and the subsequent discovery of its effects in lessening the development of cancer, especially but not only primary gastrointestinal and distant metastases.4 In addition, ideal cardiovascular health has been shown to be inversely associated with incident cancer in the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study.5 The American Heart Association (AHA) has now widened its health goals to adherence to seven ideal heart health metrics that are aimed at lessening the incidence of both CVD and cancer as part of its 2020 goals.6 To achieve this goal, the AHA is therefore pursuing partnerships with cancer advocacy groups to achieve reductions in chronic disease prevalence. The ideal health factors are four ideal self-help health metrics and three ideal measured health metrics (an untreated total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure <120 mmHg systolic and 80 mm Hg diastolic, and untreated fasting serum glucose <100 mg/dL) ( Table 1 ). Ambitious plans to reduce both CVD and cancer will be communicated to the American public through the ‘Life's Simple Seven campaign’. Fundamental to the current ‘war on cancer’ is the role of lifestyle measures …
Do rats with retrosplenial cortex lesions lack direction?

The retrosplenial cortex is seen as a convergence point for different classes of spatial cue, yet aside from allocentric processing, little is known about other cue types that depend on the integrity of this area. Rats with bilateral retrosplenial cortex lesions were, therefore, trained on a sequence of reinforced spatial alternation tasks designed to isolate different spatial strategies. Using a standard T‐maze alternation procedure, which could be solved using multiple strategies, only a marginal lesion effect was observed. Next, by using two T‐mazes set side‐by‐side in the light, and then the dark, it was possible to examine alternation around a fixed bearing (direction alternation). Retrosplenial cortex lesions only disrupted the latter (direction alternation) condition. Direction alternation is of particular interest as it presumably taxes head‐direction information, and so provides a way of behaviourally assessing the contribution of this navigation system. Finally, rats were tested on a spatial working memory task in a radial‐arm maze. A retrosplenial lesion deficit appeared when the maze was rotated mid‐trial, as repeatedly found in previous studies. The pattern of findings in the present study strongly indicates that retrosplenial cortex lesions impair the use of direction cues for alternation, in addition to previously established impairments for allocentric‐based navigation and path integration.
Estimation of Body Hydration in Dialysis Patients Using a Calf Bioimpedance Method

Accurate estimation of normal hydration (dry weight) in hemodialysis (HD) patients is an important factor affecting patient mortality. Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) has been used to measure extracellular (Re) and intracellular resistance (Ri) with a calf method (cBIS). An algorithm based on a fluid dynamic (FD) model has been developed to estimate change in intradialytic fluid volume in the calf during HD. We hypothesize that the flattening curve of change in Re and reaching the normal range of resistivity are the criteria to determine normal hydration state. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the model and algorithm can be used in the clinic. 32 stable HD patients (19m/13f, age 55.8±±15 yrs, height (H) 1.68±±0.99 m and post-HD weight 71.9±±15.3 kg) were studied with cBIS during HD treatments. To achieve dry weight, post HD weight were gradually reduced according to the criteria. Pre- and post-HD weight were reduced by mean of 1.36 kg and 1.15 kg respectively. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased significantly (122.5±± 22, vs. 114.3±±21 mmHg, p<0.05). In conclusion, the FD model and algorithm has been applied successfully in dialysis patients.
Stabilized Linear Operation of CMOS Power Transistors for Si-RF Transceiver Integration

We report on stabilization of CMOS power transistors employing a new layout concept. We assume that instability of power transistors is caused by intensified impact ionization at the pinch-off channels, and that the impact ionization is synchronized with acoustic standing waves in the device area if they are designed with conventional layout configurations. In the new layout design, gate fingers are electrically connected in parallel, but thermally and geometrically isolated from one another at random intervals. The shape of the device area is deformed so that acoustic waves are scattered at the boundaries of device area surrounded by shallow trench isolation (STI). Measurements demonstrated that the stability of transistors has been improved. For example, a transistor with a gate width of 800 μm has shown the 1 dB-compression point P1dB of 15 dBm and the saturation power PSAT of 21 dBm at 2.45 GHz under a bias condition for linear operation. The results indicate that the CMOS transistors are suitable for power amplifiers, especially, for full integration of wireless transceivers.
Guns Automatically Prime Aggressive Thoughts, Regardless of Whether a “Good Guy” or “Bad Guy” Holds the Gun

The mere presence of weapons can increase aggression—called the “weapons effect. ” Weapons are theorized to increase aggression by priming aggressive thoughts. This research tested the robustness of the weapons effect using two large representative samples of American adults (total N = 1,097). Participants saw photos of criminals, soldiers, police in military gear, or police in regular gear with guns. Experiment 2 also included a condition with photos of Olympians with guns used to shoot inanimate targets. The control group was police in plainclothes without guns. The accessibility of aggressive thoughts was measured using a word fragment task (e.g., KI_ _ can be completed as KILL or KISS). Photos of individuals with guns used to shoot human targets primed aggressive thoughts, regardless of whether a “good guy” (soldier, police) or “bad guy” (criminal) held the gun. Photos of Olympians with guns used to shoot inanimate targets did not prime aggressive thoughts.
Petříčekite, CuSe2, a New Member of the Marcasite Group from the Předbořice Deposit, Central Bohemia Region, Czech Republic

Petřicekite, ideally CuSe2, is a new mineral from the Předbořice deposit, Central Bohemia Region, Czech Republic. It occurs as rare inclusions, up to 150 μm across, in large eucairite grains closely associated with athabascaite/klockmannite and unknown selenide phases. Petřicekite is opaque with a metallic luster and shows a black streak. It is brittle; the Vickers hardness (VHN15) is 33 kg/mm2 (range: 28–40 kg/mm2) (Mohs hardness of ~2–2½). In reflected light, petřicekite is pale blue grey to pale pinkish, weakly pleochroic and weakly bireflectant from slightly blue-grey to slightly pinkish-grey. Under crossed polars, it is anisotropic with light grey-blue to light pink rotation tints. Internal reflections are absent. Reflectance percentages for the four COM (Commission on Ore Mineralogy) wavelengths (Rmin and Rmax) are 42.35, 41.8 (470 nm), 42.0, 42.2 (546 nm), 41.9, 42.35 (589 nm) and 42.05, 42.85 (650 nm), respectively. Petřicekite is orthorhombic, space group Pnnm, with a = 4.918(2) A; b = 6.001(2) A; c = 3.670(1) A; V = 108.31(1) A3; Z = 2. The crystal structure (R1 = 0.0336 for 159 reflections with I > 2σ(I)) belongs to the marcasite-type structure. It consists of edge-sharing chains of CuSe6 octahedra parallel to [001] linked by sharing Se2 dimers. The Se–Se bonds are all parallel to (001). The five strongest powder-diffraction lines (d in A (I/I0) (hkl)) are: 2.938 (70) (101); 2.639 (100) (111); 2.563 (85) (120); 1.935 (70) (211); 1.834 (30) (002). The mean of nine electron-microprobe analyses on the crystal used for the structural study gave Ag 0.22(13), Cu 15.39(15), Hg 0.01(3), Pb 0.03(2), Fe 12.18(10), Pd 0.11(4), S 0.09(1), Se 71.61(29) and total 99.64(41) wt %, corresponding on the basis of a total of three atoms, to (Cu0.53Fe0.48)Σ1. 01(Se1.98S0.01)Σ1. 99. Additional crystals exhibiting higher Cu contents (up to 0.74 a.p.f.u.) were also investigated. The new mineral has been approved by the IMA-NMNC Commission (2015-111) and named after Vaclav Petřicek, renowned crystallographer of the Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague. Optical, compositional and structural properties confirm that nearly pure petřicekite also formed as late-stage mineral in the Se mineralization at El Dragon, Bolivia. It has end-member composition, Cu0.99Se2. 00 (n = 5), and is typically associated with krut’aite of ideal composition, native selenium and goethite. Finally, optical and chemical data indicate that pure petřicekite is likely present also at Sierra de Cacheuta, Argentina.
On the effect of surfactant adsorption and viscosity change on apparent slip in hydrophobic microchannels

Substantial effort has been invested to understand the effect of boundary slippage in microfluidics. However, a satisfactory understanding is still lacking due to extremely precise experiments required. Here, we apply the lattice Boltzmann method to model hydrophobic microchannel flows. We find a possible explanation for experiments observing slip depending on the flow velocity - in contradiction to previous studies. We show that these observations can be explained by not fully developed flow profiles in the channel. Further, we show a decreasing slip length with increasing viscosity and demonstrate the effect of adding surfactant to fluid flow in hydrophobic microchannels.
Analyzing the Efficiency of a Green University Data Center

Data centers are an indispensable part of today's IT infrastructure. To keep pace with modern computing needs, data centers continue to grow in scale and consume increasing amounts of power. While prior work on data centers has led to significant improvements in their energy-efficiency, detailed measurements from these facilities' operations are not widely available, as data center design is often considered part of a company's competitive advantage. However, such detailed measurements are critical to the research community in motivating and evaluating new energy-efficiency optimizations. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of a state-of-the-art 15MW green multi-tenant data center that incorporates many of the technological advances used in commercial data centers. We analyze the data center's computing load and its impact on power, water, and carbon usage using standard effectiveness metrics, including PUE, WUE, and CUE. Our results reveal the benefits of optimizations, such as free cooling, and provide insights into how the various effectiveness metrics change with the seasons and increasing capacity usage. More broadly, our PUE, WUE, and CUE analysis validate the green design of this LEED Platinum data center.
Online Gaming Platforms to Apply for Jobs - Proposing a Research Model to Investigate Job Seekers' Behaviour

Virtual worlds and serious online gaming simulations are expected to become more and more important in business contexts (27). Our research evaluates the possible use of online games in the recruitment process by presenting two case studies of companies who implemented an online game to provide realistic job previews for potential applicants going with the opportunity to test and match their individual skill-set with a specific job profile they're interested in. Based on these results and the expectation by companies how job seekers might react when confronted with online games in a business environment we developed a research model for empirical evaluation hypothesising that the intention to use these online games are mainly driven by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived selection fairness, perceived data security and perceived enjoyment.
A Biochemical Guide to Yeast Adhesins: Glycoproteins for Social and Antisocial Occasions

SUMMARY Fungi are nonmotile eukaryotes that rely on their adhesins for selective interaction with the environment and with other fungal cells. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-cross-linked adhesins have essential roles in mating, colony morphology, host-pathogen interactions, and biofilm formation. We review the structure and binding properties of cell wall-bound adhesins of ascomycetous yeasts and relate them to their effects on cellular interactions, with particular emphasis on the agglutinins and flocculins of Saccharomyces and the Als proteins of Candida. These glycoproteins share common structural motifs tailored to surface activity and biological function. After being secreted to the outer face of the plasma membrane, they are covalently anchored in the wall through modified GPI anchors, with their binding domains elevated beyond the wall surface on highly glycosylated extended stalks. N-terminal globular domains bind peptide or sugar ligands, with between millimolar and nanomolar affinities. These affinities and the high density of adhesins and ligands at the cell surface determine microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of cell-cell associations. Central domains often include Thr-rich tandemly repeated sequences that are highly glycosylated. These domains potentiate cell-to-cell binding, but the molecular mechanism of such an association is not yet clear. These repeats also mediate recombination between repeats and between genes. The high levels of recombination and epigenetic regulation are sources of variation which enable the population to continually exploit new niches and resources.
Development of shear sensing system for a three-finger robot hand

In this work, we design and implement a control and sensing system for a three-finger robot hand. The system effectively controls the joint angles and forces of the hand. Then, the grasping capability of the hand is demonstrated using the system. The MSP430 is employed as the microcontroller for the position and force feedback control circuit. For the position control, the adaptive PD controller is employed, while the traditional PID controller is used for the force control. In addition, using the force/position hybrid control method, the aforementioned two controllers are integrated. We adapt the commercially-available pressure sensor elements to build a multi-axis sensing system. The required platform for the demonstration of the control and sensing system are also developed. We use an x-y table to emulate the arm of a robot hand. The developed control/driving/sensing circuit boards are attached on the x-y table. Labview is employed as the software platform for the high-level control commands. Furthermore, the codes developed in Labview are connected with Matlab for computing with other control algorithms, such as the force closure. Moreover, with the measured force data collected by sensing system, it is demonstrated that the hand can be real-time controlled to steadily grasping an object.
A Lagrangian Decomposition Algorithm for Optimal Emergency Voltage Control

Voltage control problems typically involve large networks comprising diverse components extending over considerable areas and interconnecting different grids and operators. To deal with such systems, there has been over the past few years a steadily increasing interest in model predictive/optimal control techniques as a viable solution. In such a setting, it is essential to be able to coordinate the control actions among the various grids while preserving sensitive local system data that regional operators are often not willing to disclose. In view of these discordant factors, centralized and decentralized control schemes, respectively, yield advantages and drawbacks: the former require global system data to be accessible whereas the latter may prove to be difficult to effectively implement or might achieve suboptimal performance. The present paper therefore proposes a centralized control scheme that is solved however in a distributed fashion through a Lagrangian decomposition algorithm, thus reaping the benefits of both approaches: the control problem is global, therefore intrinsically more reliable and comprehensive, but only local information is employed to achieve the overall optimum control input. The computational delay associated with the additional iterations required by the algorithm is shown to be viable for the considered application and can furthermore be inherently accounted for within the proposed optimal control scheme.
Fast and sensitive algorithm for aligning ESTs to human genome

There is a pressing need to align growing set of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) to newly sequenced human genome. The problem is, however, complicated by the exon/intron structure of eucaryotic genes, misread nucleotides in ESTs, and millions of repetitive sequences in genomic sequences. Indeed, to solve this, algorithms that use dynamic programming (DP) have been proposed, but in reality, these algorithms require an enormous amount of processing time. In an effort to improve the computational efficiency of these classical DP algorithms, we develop a software that fully utilizes the lookup-table for allowing the efficient detection of the start- and end-points of an EST within a given DNA sequence, and subsequently, the prompt identification of exons and introns. In addition, high sensitivity and accuracy must be achieved by calculating locations of all spliced sites correctly for more ESTs while retaining high computational efficiency. This goal is hard to accomplish in practice, owing to misread nucleotides in ESTs and repetitive sequences in the genome, but we present a couple of heuristics effective in settling this issue. Experimental results confirm that our technique improves the overall computation time by orders of magnitude compared with common tools such as sim4 and BLAT and attains high sensitivity and accuracy against datasets of clean and documented genes at the same time.
An Aspectual Classification of English Ditransitive Verbs

In this paper I examine the types of events associated with di transitive verbs that describe caused possession by looking at their le xica aspectual properties, a methodology that has proven fruitful for the exploration o f (in)transitive verbs. I show that as a whole these ditransitives share a number of asp ectual properties in common with (in)transitive verbs of change of state and moti on, suggesting a single, shared underlying analysis. However, I also show that there is considerable microvariation among ditransitive verbs in exactly how their asp ectual properties are determined, with one key factor being how much of the meaning of eac h verb is entailed directly and how much is cancelable. On the basis of this I pro pose an aspectuallybased classification of ditransitive verbs quite similar to previously proposed classes of (in)transitive verbs. I also show that the particular ana lysis I develop may shed some light on which ditransitives participate in the dative alt rnation.
Neural correlates of visual perceptual learning and inhibitory neurotransmitter in humans using magneticresonance spectroscopy

The role of excitatory processes in human visual learning has been well characterised through the use of technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, established imaging modalities do not distinguish excitatory processes from the inhibitory ones that are also involved. Here we investigate inhibitory processes using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and the MEGA-PRESS pulse sequence. We measure concentrations of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in different brain regions as functional markers of inhibitory potential. We then investigate the correlations between GABA concentrations and psychophysical learning metrics. We detail a full analysis pipeline that improves the accuracy of in vivo GABA quantification and introduce new scaling methods to resolve the grey matter contribution to metabolite measurements. We develop visual learning experiments that are mediated by training difficulty, which we link to inhibitory processes across different time scales. We also present novel evidence for GABAergic inhibitory mechanisms across multiple brain areas using fine and coarse discrimination tasks. Our results support a cooperative top-down and bottom-up model of visual learning in occipital and frontal cortical regions. Our findings reveal chemical interactions with cognition to contribute to our understanding of inhibitory processes in the human learning brain.
Judgments of life satisfaction : the role of negativity and life events

The dissertation addresses the role of negativity and life events in life satisfaction judgments. Specifically, the reported research examined how domain negativity influences the relationship between domain satisfactions and life satisfaction and how the transition into parenthood alters the course of life satisfaction and domain satisfactions over time. The work, thereby, combines both a) nationally representative survey data to demonstrate strong and reliable effects and b) experimental data to examine the underlying psychological mechanism. Based on theorizing on a general negativity bias, Paper 1 investigated whether negative compared to positive domain satisfactions particularly influence life satisfaction judgments. Relying on a nationally representative sample of the German population (Socio-Economic Panel), the findings strongly supported that the more negative the satisfaction, the more pronounced was the relation between the respective domain satisfaction and overall life satisfaction. The pronounced impact emerged when negativity was assessed relative to other domains a) within and b) between participants as well as when negativity was assessed c) relative to prior satisfaction with the same domain. Building on the strong and reliable negativity effect demonstrated in Paper 1, Paper 2 specifically examined whether accessibility serves as an underlying mechanism of the pronounced impact of negative domain satisfactions on life satisfaction. Therefore, accessibility of a specific domain, here health satisfaction, was systematically manipulated in healthy and unhealthy individuals by varying the question order in a self-generated onlinesurvey in which the two satisfaction items (general and health) were assessed. Results demonstrated that accessibility can explain the pronounced impact of domain negativity in life satisfaction judgments. Beside the influence of negativity in specific life domains, life satisfaction can also be influenced by critical life events. Paper 3, therefore, examined the differential effects of transition into parenthood on domain satisfactions and life satisfaction. Using lag and lead regression models in the Socio-Economic Panel, evidence for differential and dynamic effects of childbirth on satisfaction variables appeared, such as reversed u-shaped anticipation and adaptation processes, as well as stable decreases and stable increases. Additionally, gender and women’s employment status strongly modified the satisfaction trajectories. More generally, the dissertation demonstrates that life satisfaction judgments do not necessarily reflect stable judgments, but that those judgments are influenced by domain negativity and by critical life events.