Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Up‐regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene transcription by tetradecanoylphorbol acetate is mediated by the transcription factors Ets‐like protein‐1 (Elk‐1) and Egr‐1

Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate‐limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines. Expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene is regulated at the transcriptional level by extracellular signalling molecules, including epidermal growth factor (EGF), nerve growth factor (NGF) and glucocorticoids. We have analysed the stimulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene transcription by the phorbol ester 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) in noradrenergic locus coeruleus‐like CATH.a cells and observed a striking enhancement of the transcriptional activation potential of the ternary complex factor Ets‐like protein‐1 (Elk‐1), a key transcriptional regulator of serum response element‐driven gene transcription. Likewise, TPA strongly up‐regulated the biosynthesis of the transcription factor Egr‐1 via distal serum response elements within the Egr‐1 5′‐flanking region. Subsequently, enhancement of the transcriptional activation potential of Egr‐1 was observed. Overexpression of Egr‐1 was sufficient to activate transcription of a tyrosine hydroxylase promoter/reporter gene, corroborating the view that the tyrosine hydroxylase gene is a target gene of Egr‐1. Expression of dominant‐negative mutants of Elk‐1 or Egr‐1 impaired TPA‐induced stimulation of a tyrosine hydroxylase promoter/reporter gene transcription. In contrast, dominant‐negative mutants of the transcription factors activating transcription factor (ATF)‐2, ATF4, cAMP response element‐binding protein, c‐Jun and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) did not change TPA‐induced tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity, indicating that these proteins are not part of the TPA‐mediated signalling cascade directed towards the tyrosine hydroxylase gene.
GRAD: A New Graph Drawing and Analysis Library

Several important choices need to be made during the development of domain-specific languages, including the one regarding which concrete syntax to implement. There are several alternatives, with graphical and textual syntaxes being the most common ones. Having in mind that the developers and domain experts often have different preferences, supporting both is sometimes the best option. This means that models created using textual editors might need to be opened using separately developed graphical editors. Graphical elements corresponding to model elements must then be automatically created and positioned. Doing so in an aesthetically pleasing way requires usage of graph layout algorithms. Since implementing them is not an easy task, most developers have to rely on existing solutions. There are many Java libraries which have such capabilities, but they all have certain limitations and room for improvement, some of which are addressed in a new graph drawing and analysis library presented in this paper.
Invisible Learnings?: A Commentary on John Hattie's Book - 'Visible Learning: A Synthesis of Over 800 Meta-analyses Relating to Achievement'

The review and analysis of the book 'Visible Learning: a synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement' by John Hattie is discussed. John Hattie's book makes a significant contribution to understanding the variables surrounding successful teaching and think that it is a very useful resource for teacher education; however, some issues of concern are highlighted.
Chinese Short Text Classification Based on Domain Knowledge

People are generating more and more short texts. There is an urgent demand to classify short texts into different domains. Due to the shortness and sparseness of short texts, con-ventional methods based on Vector Space Model (VSM) have limitations. To tackle the data scarcity problem, we propose a new mod- el to directly measure the correlation between a short text instance and a domain instead of representing short texts as vectors of weights. We firstly draw domain knowledge for each user-defined domain using an external corpus of longer documents. Secondly, the correlation is calculated by measuring the proportion of the overlapping part of the instance and the domain knowledge. Finally, if the correlation is greater than a threshold, the instance will be classified into the domain. Experimental results show that the classifier based on the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines based on VSM.
Rhythmic binding of a WHITE COLLAR-containing complex to the frequency promoter is inhibited by FREQUENCY

The biological clock of Neurospora crassa includes interconnected transcriptional and translational feedback loops that cause both the transcript and protein encoded by the frequency gene (frq) to undergo the robust daily oscillations in abundance, which are essential for clock function. To understand better the mechanism generating rhythmic frq transcript, reporter constructs were used to show that the oscillation in frq message is transcriptionally regulated, and a single cis-acting element in the frq promoter, the Clock Box (C box), is both necessary and sufficient for this rhythmic transcription. Nuclear protein extracts used in binding assays revealed that a White Collar (WC)-1- and WC-2-containing complex (WCC) binds to the C box in a time-of-day-specific manner. Overexpression of an ectopic copy of FRQ or addition of in vitro-generated FRQ resulted in reduced WCC binding to the C box. These data suggest that oscillations in frq transcript result from WCC binding to the frq promoter and activating transcription with subsequent changes in FRQ levels having an inverse effect on WCC binding. In this way rhythmic expression and turnover of FRQ drives the rhythm in its own transcription.
Improved Term Weighting Technique for Automatic Web Page Classification

Automatic web page classification has become inevitable for web directories due to the multitude of web pages in the World Wide Web. In this paper an improved Term Weighting technique is proposed for automatic and effective classification of web pages. The web documents are represented as set of features. The proposed method selects and extracts the most prominent features reducing the high dimensionality problem of classifier. The proper selection of features among the large set improves the performance of the classifier. The proposed algorithm is implemented and tested on a benchmarked dataset. The results show the better performance than most of the existing term weighting techniques.
childhood iq of parents related to characteristics of their offspring: linking the scottish mental survey 1932 to the midspan family study

the objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between childhood iq of parents and characteristics of their adult offspring. it was a prospective family cohort study linked to a mental ability survey of the parents and set in renfrew and paisley in scotland. participants were 1921-born men and women who took part in the scottish mental survey in 1932 and the renfrew/paisley study in the 1970s, and whose offspring took part in the midspan family study in 1996. there were 286 offspring from 179 families. parental iq was related to some, but not all characteristics of offspring. greater parental iq was associated with taller offspring. parental iq was inversely related to number of cigarettes smoked by offspring. higher parental iq was associated with better education, offspring social class and offspring deprivation category. there were no significant relationships between parental iq and offspring systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, lung function, weight, body mass index, waist hip ratio, housing, alcohol consumption, marital status, car use and exercise. structural equation modelling showed parental iq associated with offspring education directly and mediated via parental social class. offspring education was associated with offspring smoking and social class. the smoking finding may have implications for targeting of health education.
Evaluation of a Digital Learning Object for the Monty Hall Dilemma

The Monty Hall dilemma (MHD) is a remarkably difficult probability problem with a counterintuitive solution. Undergraduate students used an interactive digital learning object that provided a set-based, animated explanation of the solution to the MHD and let them play games designed to increase understanding of the solution. More than 60% of users could explain the solution to the classic three-door version of the MHD and generalized the solution to an extremely difficult six-door version of the game. Because the MHD has relevance to important aspects of science in general and psychology in particular, some instructors may find the learning object, which is freely available at www.brocku. ca/psychology/people/dibattista.htm, to be of substantial value in their teaching.
FOR DEBATE: IS THE EVIDENCE FOR THE EFFICACY OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS IN THE SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CONVINCING OR NOT?

Over 20 years ago the publication of an optimistic report by Summers and colleagues (1986) on the use of the cholinesterase inhibitor tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA/tacrine) to treat patients affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) started an avalanche of research publications on the use of cholinesterase inhibitors for the symptomatic treatment of the cognitive deficits seen in people with AD. Despite the fact that the Summers et al. study turned out to be very deeply flawed indeed (Division of Neuropharmacological Drug Products, 1991), the juggernaut whose movement it initiated has not yet ceased to roll. Subsequent large studies of tacrine performed on people with carefully diagnosed AD established a plausible methodology for the conduct of clinical studies of drug efficacy in the treatment of AD (Ritchie et al., 2007). These studies suggested that the drug had modest beneficial effects in some patients (Ritchie et al., 2007), and revealed that it had a high rate of adverse effects on the gut (Brodaty, 1996) and liver (Ames et al., 1990).
Need for Space: The Key Distance Effect Depends on Spatial Stimulus Configurations

In numerous psychological experiments, participants classify stimuli by pressing response keys. According to Lakens, Schneider, Jostmann, and Schubert (2011), classification performance is affected by physical distance between response keys – indicating a cognitive tendency to represent categories in spatial code. However, previous evidence for a key distance effect (KDE) from a color-naming Stroop task is inconclusive as to whether: (a) key separation automatically leads to an internal spatial representation of non-spatial stimulus characteristics in participants, or if the KDE rather depends on physical spatial characteristics of the stimulus configuration; (b) the KDE attenuates the Stroop interference effect. We therefore first adopted the original Stroop task in Experiment 1, confirming that wider key distance facilitated responses, but did not modulate the Stroop effect as was previously found. In Experiments 2 and 3 we controlled potential mediator variables in the original design. When we did not display instructions about stimulus-response mappings, thereby removing the unintended spatial context from the Stroop stimuli, no KDE emerged. Presenting the instructions at a central position in Experiment 4 confirmed that key separation alone is not sufficient for a KDE, but correspondence between spatial configurations of stimuli and responses is also necessary. Evidence indicates that the KDE on Stroop performance is due to known mechanisms of stimulus-response compatibility and response discriminability. The KDE does, however, not demonstrate a general disposition to represent any stimulus in spatial code.
Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Surgical Resection for Small Unifocal Hepatocellular Carcinomas

AbstractWe aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of hepatic resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) less than 5 cm in diameter.A total of 289 patients were diagnosed with a small HCC (a single tumor no larger than 5 cm). Among these patients, 133 underwent hepatic resection, and 156 received RFA. Demographic data, intraoperative data, post-operative recovery data, and the baseline characteristics of the 2 groups of patients were compared. The incidence of post-operative complications; 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates; and tumor recurrence were determined.No statistically significant differences in the baseline characteristics were noted between the 2 groups. By contrast, operation time (P = 0.003), intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.000), and the length of post-operative hospital stay (P = 0.000) were significantly lower in the RFA group compared with the surgical resection group. The 2 groups displayed similar post-operative complication rates (12% or 16/133 in the liver resection group vs. 8.3% or 13/156 in the RFA group, P = 0.395). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates of the patients in the liver resection group were 88.7%, 78.2%, and 66.2%, respectively, whereas the rates in the RFA group were 90.4%, 76.3%, and 66.0%, respectively (P = 0.722). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year tumor-free survival rates of patients in the resection group were 87.2%, 69.9%, and 58.6%, respectively, whereas the rates in the RFA group were 85.9%, 66.0%, and 54.5%, respectively (P = 0.327). In addition, among HCC patients receiving RFA, patients with tumors no greater than 3 cm in diameter exhibited no significant differences regarding overall survival and tumor-free survival rates compared with patients with tumors 3 to 5 cm in diameter (all P > 0.05). RFA is an effective and safe treatment option for small HCCs and may be a preferred choice for HCC patients with small lesions.
Cryptographically imposed model for Efficient Multiple Keyword-based Search over Encrypted Data in Cloud by Secure Index using Bloom Filter and False Random Bit Generator

Resources such as storage and network as a service to organizations and customers in reduced cost by cloud computing. The documents stored in cloud are of huge size and due to its sensitivity arises security and storage problems. Data is stored on remote location in cloud and cryptographic techniques resolve problems of data security. To ensure data to be secure in cloud, the client encrypts data and then stores on cloud by employing Hyper Elliptic Curve cryptography (HECC). Search over encrypted data makes the process of ﬁle retrieval from cloud more diﬃcult. The paper proposes architecture of multiple key-word search by building index using Bloom ﬁlter and also pair key generation by false random bit generator. Bloom ﬁlter takes constant time for searching O (N) on large encrypted ﬁle systems without the need of document de-cryption thereby speeding up the process of ciphertext retrieval on user side. Bit array representing keyword information is only stored by data owner on cloud where the server is unable to ﬁnd ﬁle content or query information. The experimental results show that Bloom ﬁlter based indexing is faster than traditional indexing schemes, the multiple keyword based search algorithm is eﬀective in case of the response time of query and scalability of the system in case of size of data.
Camera Motion-Based Analysis of User Generated Video

In this paper we propose a system for the analysis of user generated video (UGV). UGV often has a rich camera motion structure that is generated at the time the video is recorded by the person taking the video, i.e., the ¿camera person. ¿ We exploit this structure by defining a new concept known as camera view for temporal segmentation of UGV. The segmentation provides a video summary with unique properties that is useful in applications such as video annotation. Camera motion is also a powerful feature for identification of keyframes and regions of interest (ROIs) since it is an indicator of the camera person's interests in the scene and can also attract the viewers' attention. We propose a new location-based saliency map which is generated based on camera motion parameters. This map is combined with other saliency maps generated using features such as color contrast, object motion and face detection to determine the ROIs. In order to evaluate our methods we conducted several user studies. A subjective evaluation indicated that our system produces results that is consistent with viewers' preferences. We also examined the effect of camera motion on human visual attention through an eye tracking experiment. The results showed a high dependency between the distribution of fixation points of the viewers and the direction of camera movement which is consistent with our location-based saliency map.
Transcriptome analyses reveal molecular mechanisms underlying functional recovery after spinal cord injury

Significance In this study, we used gene expression analyses to unveil mechanisms underlying NT3-chitosan–induced spinal cord regeneration. Using a powerful bioinformatics tool known as weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we have established gene modules and programs representing various events at different times after spinal cord injury (SCI) and also demonstrated that enhanced new neurogenesis and vascularization, as well as reduced inflammatory responses, are keys to conferring the effect of NT3-chitosan on regeneration. The objectivity of this approach and the use of big data processing have opened a new pathway in SCI research. Such quantitative, objective, and sensitive measures could provide a standardized approach in the future to reveal mechanistic insight into various potential interventions for SCI repair. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is considered incurable because axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely challenging, due to harsh CNS injury environment and weak intrinsic regeneration capability of CNS neurons. We discovered that neurotrophin-3 (NT3)-loaded chitosan provided an excellent microenvironment to facilitate nerve growth, new neurogenesis, and functional recovery of completely transected spinal cord in rats. To acquire mechanistic insight, we conducted a series of comprehensive transcriptome analyses of spinal cord segments at the lesion site, as well as regions immediately rostral and caudal to the lesion, over a period of 90 days after SCI. Using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), we established gene modules/programs corresponding to various pathological events at different times after SCI. These objective measures of gene module expression also revealed that enhanced new neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and reduced inflammatory responses were keys to conferring the effect of NT3-chitosan on regeneration.
Borrelia burgdorferi genotype predicts the capacity for hematogenous dissemination during early Lyme disease.

BACKGROUND Lyme disease, the most common tickborne disease in the United States, is caused exclusively by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in North America. The present study evaluated the genotypes of >400 clinical isolates of B. burgdorferi recovered from patients from suburban New York City with early Lyme disease associated with erythema migrans; it is the largest number of borrelial strains from North America ever to be investigated. METHODS Genotyping was performed by restriction fragment-length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction analysis of the 16S-23S ribosomal RNA spacer and reverse line blot analysis of the outer surface protein C gene (ospC). For some isolates, DNA sequence analysis was also performed. RESULTS The findings showed that the 16S-23S ribosomal spacer and ospC are in strong linkage disequilibrium. Most B. burgdorferi genotypes characterized by either typing method were capable of infecting and disseminating in patients. However, a distinct subset of just 4 of the 16 ospC genotypes identified were responsible for >80% of cases of early disseminated Lyme disease. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the B. burgdorferi genotypes that pose the greatest risk of causing hematogenous dissemination in humans. This information should be considered in the future development of diagnostic assays and vaccine preparations.
Enhancing the brightness of thin-film electroluminescent displays by improving the emission process

AC thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices emit light laterally in addition to conventional surface emission. Because of the waveguiding in ACTFEL devices, lateral emission is stronger than surface emission. However, the former is ignored for displays. This note demonstrates that mirrors can be fabricated into substrates to reflect upward the lateral emission, which can then be summed with surface emission for displays. Use of standard silicon and thin film technology has demonstrated that the reflected lateral emission is a factor of three brighter than conventional surface emission. hence the effective efficiency of out-coupling the light has been improved for an ACTFEL device. <<ETX>>
Privacy preserving distributed network outage monitoring

Troubleshooting network outages is a complex and time-consuming process. Network administrators are typically overwhelmed with large volumes of monitoring data, like NetFlow data, and are often “left alone”, fighting problems with very basic debugging tools, like ping and traceroute. Distributed network traffic monitoring and intelligent correlation of data from different Internet locations are highly valuable for analysing the root cause of network outages. However, correlating measurements across domains is presently largely avoided due to privacy concerns. A possible solution to this problem is secure multiparty computation (MPC). In this work, we propose a distributed mechanism based on MPC for privacy-preserving correlation of traffic measurements from multiple networks, towards network outage diagnosis. We first outline an MPC protocol that can be used to analyse the scope (local, global, or semi-global) and impact of network outages across multiple domains. Then, we use NetFlow data from a medium-sized ISP to evaluate the performance of our protocol. Our preliminary findings indicate that correlating data from several dozens of parties is feasible in real-time, with a delay of just a few seconds. This underlines the scalability, and potential for real-world deployment of our scheme. Finally, we apply our scheme to a known connectivity issue involving a large European Internet Exchange Point (IXP) and demonstrate that our approach enables to easily distinguish between local, global, and semi-global outages. In our study, 81.54% of the 3,408 reported outages were local, and 18.46% affected between 2 and 5 organizations.