Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working Without Commitments: The Health Effects of Precarious Employment

From the end of the Second World War to the early 1980s, the North American norm was that men had full-time jobs, earned a "family wage," and expected to stay with the same employer for life. In households with children, most women were unpaid caregivers. This situation began to change in the mid-1970s as two-earner households became commonplace, with women entering employment through temporary and part-time jobs. Since the 1980s, less permanent precarious employment has increasingly become the norm for all workers. Working Without Commitments offers a new understanding of the social and health impacts of this change in the modern workplace, where outsourcing, limited term contracts, and the elimination of pensions and health benefits have become the new standard. Using information from interviews and surveys with workers in less permanent employment, the authors show how precarious employment affects the health of workers, labour productivity, and the sustainability of the traditional family model. A timely and relevant work for uncertain economic times, Working Without Commitments provides helpful information for understanding the present workplace and securing better futures for today's workforce.
On Likelihood Ratio Tests of Structural Coefficients: Anderson-Rubin (1949) revisited

We develop the likelihood ratio criterion (LRC) for testing the coefficients of a structural equation in a system of simultaneous equations in econometrics. We relate the likelihood ratio criterion to the AR statistic proposed by Anderson and Rubin (1949, 1950), which has been widely known and used in econometrics over the past several decades. The method originally developed by Anderson and Rubin (1949, 1950) can be modified to the situation when there are many (or weak in some sense) instruments which may have some relevance in recent econometrics. The method of LRC can be extended to the linear functional relationships (or the errors-in-variables) model, the reduced rank regression and the cointegration models.
Left ventricle: automated segmentation by using myocardial effusion threshold reduction and intravoxel computation at MR imaging.

UNLABELLED This retrospective analysis of existing patient data had institutional review board approval and was performed in compliance with HIPAA. No informed consent was required. The purpose of the study was to develop and validate an algorithm for automated segmentation of the left ventricular (LV) cavity that accounts for papillary and/or trabecular muscles and partial voxels in cine magnetic resonance (MR) images, an algorithm called LV Myocardial Effusion Threshold Reduction with Intravoxel Computation (LV-METRIC). The algorithm was validated in biologic phantoms, and its results were compared with those of manual tracing, as well as those of a commercial automated segmentation software (MASS [MR Analytical Software System]), in 38 subjects. LV-METRIC accuracy in vitro was 98.7%. Among the 38 subjects studied, LV-METRIC and MASS ejection fraction estimations were highly correlated with manual tracing (R(2) = 0.97 and R(2) = 0.95, respectively). Ventricular volume estimations were smaller with LV-METRIC and larger with MASS than those calculated by using manual tracing, though all results were well correlated (R(2) = 0.99). LV-METRIC volume measurements without partial voxel interpolation were statistically equivalent to manual tracing results (P > .05). LV-METRIC had reduced intraobserver and interobserver variability compared with other methods. MASS required additional manual intervention in 58% of cases, whereas LV-METRIC required no additional corrections. LV-METRIC reliably and reproducibly measured LV volumes. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL http://radiology.rsnajnls. org/cgi/content/full/248/3/1004/DC1.
Evaluation of the MIMO performance of LTE handsets

In this paper, we present the design and the evaluation of two MIMO antenna structures for LTE handsets. We first measure their scattering parameters and then we simulate their MIMO performance (channel capacity and Block Error Rate) in two different environments (channel models) with the help of the Agilent SystemVue Software.
Licodione Synthase, a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Catalyzing 2-Hydroxylation of 5-Deoxyflavanone, in Cultured Glycyrrhiza echinata L. Cells

Cultured Glycyrrhiza echinata L. (Leguminosae) cells produce a retrochalcone echinatin (4,4[prime]-dihydroxy-2-methoxychalcone) and its biosynthetic intermediate licodione [1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-propanedione, a dibenzoylmethane (keto form) or its enol tautomer ([beta]-hydroxychalcone)], when treated with elicitor-active substances, e.g. yeast extract. A microsomal fraction (160,000g pellet) prepared from yeast extract-induced suspension cultures of G. echinata catalyzed the formation of licodione from (2S)-liquiritigenin (7,4[prime]-dihydroxyflavanone) in the presence of NADPH and air. This licodione synthase activity was shown to be dependent on cytochrome P450 by its microsomal localization, requirement of NAD(P)H and O2 for activity, and inhibition by typical cytochrome P450 inhibitors. Licodione synthase activity transiently increased in the cells after treatment with yeast extract. When (2S)-naringenin (5,7,4[prime]-trihydroxyflavanone) and NADPH were incubated with the same microsomal preparation, a polar compound, which further converted into apigenin (5,7,4[prime]-trihydroxyflavone) when treated with acid, was produced. The reaction mechanism of licodione synthase is likely to be 2-hydroxylation of the flavanone molecule and subsequent hemiacetal opening and is possibly the same as the previously suggested mechanism of flavone synthase II from soybean and, furthermore, closely related to isoflavone synthase from Pueraria lobata.
Ranking of the Determinants Affecting Students' Attitude of a Higher Education Institution: Application of AHP

With the higher education landscape getting increasingly competitive, the role of marketing has come to the surface. The current study is conducted to prioritise the determinants affecting the attitude of the students pursuing their studies in a particular business school at a private university of Bangladesh. Five criteria are considered in this regard where Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is applied to rank the chosen criteria. The results derived through Expert Choice software version 11.0 indicate that promotional activities are ranked first having a weight of about 52%; this is followed by the quality of teaching staff with around 22%. The other two criteria ‘Service provided by the business school’ and ‘Campus facilities’ are ranked third and fourth with about 12% and 11%, respectively. Co-curricular activities turn out to be of least importance having a weight of 3.4% only. Based on the results, a few marketing strategies are recommended for the policy makers to consider as they cope with the pressure of heightened competition in the market. Suggestions for some avenues of future research are also put forward.
Differences in the radiological characteristics between post‐traumatic and non‐traumatic knee osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee can be defined as primary (non‐traumatic) or secondary (post‐traumatic). Both non‐traumatic OA and post‐traumatic OA have been described predominantly in the medial compartment of the knee. The objective of this study was to compare the location of structural radiographic changes in non‐traumatic OA and post‐traumatic OA. A non‐traumatic cohort, consisting of 155 patients suffering from chronic knee pain without known major injuries, was compared with a post‐traumatic cohort, consisting of 176 patients, all of whom had sustained an anterior cruciate ligament injury while playing soccer. A standardized weight‐bearing knee radiography of the tibiofemoral joint was performed. Joint space narrowing (JSN) and osteophytes were graded according to the radiographic atlas of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International. JSN and osteophytes were located predominantly in the medial compartment in the non‐traumatic cohort. In the post‐traumatic cohort, structural changes were evenly distributed between the lateral and the medial compartments. We were thus able to demonstrate radiological differences between post‐traumatic and non‐traumatic OA.
Diagnostic pour la combinaison de systèmes de reconnaissance automatique de la parole. (Diagnosis for the combination of automatic speech recognition systems)

La Reconnaissance Automatique de la Parole (RAP) est affectee par les nombreuses variabilites presentes dans le signal de parole. En depit de l'utilisation de techniques sophistiquees, un systeme RAP seul n'est generalement pas en mesure de prendre en compte l'ensemble de ces variabilites. Nous proposons l'utilisation de diverses sources d'information acoustique pour augmenter la precision et la robustesse des systemes. La combinaison de differents jeux de parametres acoustiques repose sur l'idee que certaines caracteristiques du signal de parole sont davantage mises en avant par certains jeux de parametres que par d'autres. L'interet est donc d'exploiter les points forts de chacun. Par ailleurs, les differentes partitions de l'espace acoustique operees par les modeles acoustiques peuvent etre mises a profit dans des techniques de combinaison beneficiant de leur complementarite. Le diagnostic est au coeur de ce travail. L'analyse des performances de chaque jeu de parametres permet de degager des contextes specifiques dans lesquels la prediction du resultat de reconnaissance est possible. Nous presentons une architecture de diagnostic dans laquelle le systeme RAP est vu comme un "canal de transmission" dont l'entree correspond aux phonemes et la sortie au resultat de reconnaissance. Cette architecture permet de separer les sources d'ambiguite au sein du systeme de reconnaissance. Les analyses ont permis d'integrer des strategies de combinaison post-decodage a un niveau segmental eleve (phoneme ou mot). Des techniques de combinaison des probabilites a posteriori des etats d'un modele de Markov cache au niveau de la trame sont egalement proposees. Afin d'ameliorer l'estimation de ces probabilites, les probabilites obtenues avec differents modeles acoustiques sont fusionnees. Pour combiner les probabilites de maniere coherente, nous avons developpe un protocole permettant d'entrainer des modeles de meme topologie avec des parametres acoustiques differents.
DETERMINANT OF BANK RUNS IN INDONESIA: BAD LUCK OR FUNDAMENTAL?

This paper examine the determinant of bank runs in Indonesia that includes economic fundamental,bank performance, and self-fulfilling prophecy factors for all banks either in full sample periods between years 1990 - 2005 or in banking crisis periods between years 1997 - 1998. The bank runs determinant uses dynamic panel model from Arrelano-Bond. Estimation result shows that self-fulfilling prophecy, bank monetary performance which is rentability and fixed credit ratio and macroeconomic condition which is economic growth, inflation and real exchange rate influence bank runs in Indonesia. Bank runs determinant in banking crisis between year 1997 - 1998 also shows a result that is not really different from bank runs determinant during full sample periods between years 1990 - 2005. JEL Classification: C29, C33, G21 Key Words: Bank runs, Banking Crisis, Arrelano Bond Dynamic Panel
A method to control non-uniformity RF B1 field for high field magnetic resonance imaging

The higher static magnetic fields B0, in MRI systems result in higher signal to noise ratios. However, as the wavelength decreases linearly with the higher static magnetic field, image inhomogeneity occurs. This paper demonstrates the use of the convex optimization with an iterative method to improve B+1 uniformity in an anatomic region of interest by varying the magnitude and phase of each RF channel element independently. The simulation results for 16 channels for 9.4T systems are discussed in detail, with experimental results in a phantom.
Impact of residual carbon on two-dimensional electron gas properties in AlxGa1−xN/GaN heterostructure

High tuneability of residual carbon doping is developed in a hot-wall metalorganic chemical vapor deposition reactor. Two orders of temperature-tuned carbon concentration, from ∼2 × 1018 cm−3 down to ∼1 × 1016 cm−3, can be effectively controlled in the growth of the GaN buffer layer. Excellent uniformity of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) properties in AlxGa1−xN/AlN/GaN heterostructure with very high average carrier density and mobility, 1.1 × 1013 cm−2 and 2035 cm2/V·s, respectively, over 3" semi-insulating SiC substrate is realized with the temperature-tuned carbon doping scheme. Reduction of carbon concentration is evidenced as a key to achieve high 2DEG carrier density and mobility.
Discrepancies in the use of medications: their extent and predictors in an outpatient practice.

BACKGROUND Misuse of medications is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Few studies have examined the frequency of, and factors associated with, discrepancies between what doctors prescribe and what patients take in actual practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients' medication bottles and their reported use of medications were compared with physicians' records of outpatients seen between November 1997 and February 1998 in a private practice affiliated with an academic medical center in Boston, Mass. Three hundred twelve patients from the practices of 5 cardiologists and 2 internists who were returning for their routine follow-up visits were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The presence of discrepancies based on comparing medication bottles with medical records. RESULTS Discrepancies were present in 239 patients (76%). The 545 discrepancies in these patients were the result of patients taking medications that were not recorded (n = 278 [51%]); patients not taking a recorded medication (n = 158 [29%]); and differences in dosage (n = 109 [20%]). Overall, discrepancies were randomly distributed among different drugs and discrepancy types with no discernible pattern. On multivariate analysis, patient age and number of recorded medications were the 2 most significant predictors of medication discrepancy. CONCLUSIONS Discrepancies among recorded and reported medications were common and involved all classes of medications, including cardiac and prescription drugs. Older age and polypharmacy were the most significant correlates of discrepancy. The pervasiveness of discrepancies can have significant health care implications, and action is urgently needed to address their causes. Such action would likely have a positive impact on patient care.
Aberrant Cytoplasmic Expression of p63 and Prostate Cancer Mortality

Protein expression of p63 is used to differentiate prostate cancer from benign mimickers. Recent studies suggest that it may also distinguish aggressive prostate cancer with down-regulated expression occurring in men with more advanced disease. We conducted a prospective study among 298 men ages 51 to 84 years who were diagnosed with prostate cancer in the Physicians' Health Study in 1983 to 2004 and whose tissue was available for immunohistochemical staining. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association of p63 protein expression with fatal prostate cancer. We correlated p63 expression with tumor cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (TUNEL staining). The predominant location of tumor p63 staining occurred in the cytoplasm, an uncommon departure from the strong nuclear staining usually observed in nonneoplastic basal cells. Increasing expression of cytoplasmic p63 (tertiles) was associated with prostate cancer mortality (n = 19 deaths); the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.0 (reference), 4.0 (0.9-18.9), and 5.9 (1.3-27.5; Ptrend = 0.03). The positive trend remained significant (P = 0.047) after multivariable adjustment for age, year of diagnosis, and Gleason score. Higher tertiles of cytoplasmic p63 were also associated with reduced levels of apoptosis (Ptrend = 0.0408) and increased cellular proliferation (Ptrend = 0.0026). We found aberrant expression of p63 in the cytoplasm to be associated with increased prostate cancer-specific mortality up to 20 years after diagnosis. The mislocalized expression was associated with reduced apoptosis and higher proliferative activity and may suggest an oncogenic role in prostate cancer progression and survival. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(2):595–600)
Reversible "Faconi syndrome" caused by degraded tetracycline.

A syndrome of nausea, vomiting, proteinuria, acidosis, glycosuria, and aminoaciduria was observed in three patients. The clinical picture at first resembled that of diabetes mellitus. The three patients, a 54-yr-old woman, a 13-yr-old girl, and a 13-yr-old boy, were found to have taken deteriorated preparations of tetracycline as treatment, respectively, for maxillary sinusitis, pharyngitis, and respiratory infection. The two children had received tetracycline on previous occasions without bad effects. All three patients recovered in about a month. A degradation product of tetracycline such as epi-anhydrotetracycline or anhydrotetracycline was probably the etiologic factor.
Mutual Fund Performance Persistence, Market Efficiency, and Breadth

In this study we use a comprehensive database of mutual funds and study performance persistence across different styles, regions, and asset classes. While we find strong evidence of performance persistence for some markets, there is weak or no evidence for other markets. Contrary to popular belief, we find no relation between performance persistence and market efficiency. Performance persistence appears to be positively related to market breadth. Our results are inconsistent with anecdotal evidence that the added value of active management is concentrated in less efficient markets. Instead, our results indicate that managerial skill is more pronounced in markets that offer more investment opportunities.
Facebook Displays as Predictors of Binge Drinking

Given the prevalence of social media, a nascent but important area of research is the effect of social media posting on one’s own self. It is possible that an individual’s social media posts may have predictive capacity, especially in relation to health behavior. Researchers have long used concepts from the theory of reasoned action to predict health behaviors. The theory does not account for social media, which may influence or predict health behaviors. The purpose of this study was to test a model including Facebook alcohol displays and constructs from the theory of reasoned action to predict binge drinking. Incoming college freshmen from two schools (312 participants between 18 and 19 years old) were interviewed prior to (T1) and 1 year into college (T2), and their Facebook profiles were evaluated for displayed alcohol content. Path modeling was used to evaluate direct and indirect paths predicting binge drinking. Path analysis suggested that Facebook alcohol displays at T1 directly predict binge drinking at T2, while alcohol attitude both directly and indirectly predicts binge drinking. Based on these results, a preliminary model of social media presentation and action is discussed.
Refundability and Price: Empirical Analysis on the Airline Industry

This paper provides new evidence on price dispersion in the US airline industry. Using the observed fare differences between refundable and non-refundable tickets, we first document evidence on the prices passengers pay for a refund option. We find that the factors related to the value of refund option and customersi¯ individual demand uncertainty have a significant effect on the relative refund fares. This finding is robust for various market structures. Further, taking into account the variations of the relative refund fares, we investigate the effects of market structure on price dispersion.
Hazard Division 1.2 Tests - Instrumentation Results and Interpretation

Abstract : To date, nearly all efforts in the field of accidental explosion consequence determination have been aimed at the quantification of the effects of a Hazard Division (HD) 1.1 event. Little attention has been paid to the consequences of the ignition of stacks of Hazard Division 1.2 ammunition. In 1989, NATO AC/258 (Group of Experts on the Safety Aspects of Transportation and Storage of Military Ammunition and Explosives) agreed that a program of trials should be carried out to investigate the consequences of an HD 1.2 event. The goal of these trials would be twofold: to gain basic knowledge about HD 1.2 phenomena and to revise the current NATO quantity-distance relationships for HD 1.2 events. As a result of the NATO interest, a joint UK/US experimental program was started in 1990. To date, seven tests have been conducted: three single-pallet tests (30 projectiles/test), two eight-pallet tests (240 projectiles/test), one twenty-seven pallet test (864 projectiles), and one three-pallet test (96 projectiles loaded with Composition B). This report describes the test program, the instrumentation which was utilized, and summarizes some of the results which have been obtained.
Optimal International Diversification: Theory and Practice from a Swiss Investor’s Perspective

This paper reviews some recent developments in the area of optimal international portfolio diversification and investigates important issues for future research. In the latest models proposed in the financial literature that generate optimal holdings over time, both the quantities of risks (measured by the covariances with various risk factors) and the prices of risk(risk premiums) are time varying. The former are generally specified by some ARCH process, whereas the latter are estimated using instruments such as dividend yield or bond premiums. Available methodologies and the choice of the instruments are discusses in general terms,as weel as the feasibility of active managemant with these models. I test a few of them by considering a Swiss investor who holds an internationally diversified portfolio including local stock indices, as well as an exposure to real estate, and wo may hedge some or all of his currency risk. the empirical tests are performed using a very intuitive and powerful non-parametric threshold ARCH specification to model time-varying sources of risk. Risk premiums are estimated using simple and widely available instruments in the form of macroeconomic variables, but also indicators used in technical analysis. Both the in-sample and the out-of-sample results suggest that the proposed nan-parametric approach is powerful and may constitute a valuable tool for international portfolio managers.
Foreign language attrition

The present contribution discusses recent developments and future directions in the attrition of instructed foreign languages, arguing for a distinction between this type of attrition and attrition involving second languages acquired implicitly in an immersion setting. An overview of the history of research in the field and the most prominent findings is provided, followed by a discussion of theoretical models and methodologically problematic issues. We conclude by outlining some future directions for the field.