Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Solvency Based Multi-period Corporate Short-term Credit Risk Model

In current short-term credit risk literature, liquidity crisis prediction model is the main research area. Within this research field, two major models can be classified--“classical statistical models” and “stochastic intensity models”. However few of them can obtain probability of insolvency and expected ratio of liquidity gap at the same time. In addition, within the above two frameworks, few studies apply stochastic solvency ratio models to predict corporate liquidity crisis. Basing upon the two significant characteristics of solvency ratio --“mean-reversion” and “non-negative value” and the concept of varying coefficient model, the study develops a multi-period corporate short-term credit risk model by constructing an ”time-dependent stochastic solvency ratio model”. It considers the impacts of industrial economic state changes on the structure of a firm’s solvency ratio process (i.e. the parameters of the solvency ratio model) through incorporating information generated from a stochastic model of industrial economic state. The solvency ratio model can simulate many solvency ratio paths and then the solvency ratio distributions of each future period. With the information of solvency ratio distribution and the criteria of insolvency (when solvency ratio is less than one), we can obtain both the probability of a company’s short-term credit risk and the expected ratio of liquidity gap in future periods. To perform a multi-period firm’s short-term credit risk analysis, this solvency ratio model needs only publicly available information of corporate finance and the industrial economic state (i.e. the industrial cyclicality information). * Associate Professor, Department of finance, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, hliao@ntu.edu. tw ** Ph.D Student, Department of finance, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, r91723010@ntu.edu. tw
Marine bacteria exhibit a bipolar distribution

The microbial cosmopolitan dispersion hypothesis often invoked to explain distribution patterns driven by high connectivity of oceanographic water masses and widespread dispersal ability has never been rigorously tested. By using a global marine bacterial dataset and iterative matrix randomization simulation, we show that marine bacteria exhibit a significantly greater dispersal limitation than predicted by our null model using the “everything is everywhere” tenet with no dispersal limitation scenario. Specifically, marine bacteria displayed bipolar distributions (i.e., species occurring exclusively at both poles and nowhere else) significantly less often than in the null model. Furthermore, we observed fewer taxa present in both hemispheres but more taxa present only in a single hemisphere than expected under the null model. Each of these trends diverged further from the null expectation as the compared habitats became more geographically distant but more environmentally similar. Our meta-analysis supported a latitudinal gradient in bacterial diversity with higher richness at lower latitudes, but decreased richness toward the poles. Bacteria in the tropics also demonstrated narrower latitudinal ranges at lower latitudes and relatively larger ranges in higher latitudes, conforming to the controversial macroecological pattern of the “Rapoport rule. ” Collectively, our findings suggest that bacteria follow biogeographic patterns more typical of macroscopic organisms, and that dispersal limitation, not just environmental selection, likely plays an important role. Distributions of microbes that deliver critical ecosystem services, particularly those in polar regions, may be vulnerable to the same impacts that environmental stressors, climate warming, and degradation in habitat quality are having on biodiversity in animal and plant species.
EFFECTS OF THREE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE GENES DELIVERED WITH AN ADENOVIRUS ON GRAFT FUNCTION AFTER TRANSPLANTATION OF FATTY LIVERS IN THE RAT1

Background. Oxygen‐derived free radicals play a central role in ischemia/reperfusion injury after organ transplantation and are degraded by endogenous radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). Overexpression of SOD by delivery of the cytosolic SOD gene with an adenovirus (Ad.SOD1) decreases organ injury and increases survival in a rat model of liver transplantation. However, it is unclear which of the three isoforms of SOD provides the most protective effect. The purpose of this study was to identify the isoform with the highest effectiveness against ischemia/reperfusion injury after transplantation of fatty livers, which are particularly susceptible. Methods. Donor rats were given ethanol by gavage before harvest to induce steatotic livers. Some of the donors were infected with adenoviruses expressing either the gene lacZ encoding bacterial &bgr;‐galactosidase (Ad.lacZ), Ad.SOD1, Ad.SOD2 (mitochondrial isoform), or Ad.SOD3 (extracellular isoform). After transplantation, SOD activity in liver, survival, histopathology, transaminases, and activation of nuclear factor (NF)‐&kgr;B, I&kgr;B kinase, Jun‐N‐terminal kinase (JNK), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐&agr; were evaluated. Results. Ad.SOD1 treatment increased survival, blunted transaminase release, and reduced necrosis, whereas Ad.SOD3 had no protective effect. Ad.SOD2 was not as protective as Ad.SOD1. Ad.SOD1 reduced the activation of NF‐&kgr;B, blunted JNK activity, and reduced TNF‐&agr; activity. Ad.SOD2 treatment resulted in lower kinase, TNF‐&agr;, and NF‐&kgr;B activities but was not as effective as Ad.SOD1. I&kgr;B kinase activity was not affected. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that cytosolic SOD represents the most effective isoform of SOD to protect transplanted livers from failure; this may be related to lowered NF‐&kgr;B and JNK activities because of reduced oxygen‐derived radical production.
Design Improvement and Implementation of 3D Gauss-Markov Mobility Model

The current ns-3 implementation of the 3D Gauss-Markov mobility model (3D-GMMM) allows mobile nodes to reach and bounce off the simulation boundaries. This causes sudden and unnatural movement of the nodes in the vicinity of the simulation boundaries. In this paper, we present a modification to the current ns-3 implementation of the 3D-GMMM. We follow an approach in which mobile nodes are directed toward the center of the simulation region at a random angle if they are within a certain distance from the simulation boundaries. As the simulation results show, the improved ns-3 implementation of 3D-GMMM prevents mobile nodes from reaching the simulation boundaries while resulting in smooth movement.
Effect of α1 adrenoceptor antagonist on the urodynamics of the upper and lower urinary tract of the male rat

In this investigation, we examined the impact of the α1 adrenoceptor (α1‐ADR) antagonist prazosin on the urodynamic characteristics of upper urinary tract function and associated micturition characteristics of the adult male rat. The focus of the study was to evaluate the extent to which prazosin affects urine production and ureteral transport relative to its effect on micturition. Control micturition studies were first performed using 28 awake Sprague‐Dawley rats that were placed in metabolic cages for characterization of the frequency and mean and total volume voided over a 4‐hr period. Following the control studies, the effect of intraperitoneal prazosin, 30 μg/kg, was evaluated under identical conditions. Urodynamic studies were done to identify the bladder filling and voiding characteristics of anesthetized rats that were infused with saline at a rate of 0.22 ml/min. From the urodynamic studies the parameters of bladder pressure (Pves) and volume (V) during filling, urethral opening (Puo) measured at the moment of micturition, and maximum detrusor pressure during voiding (Pdetmax) were evaluated. External sphincter electromyography was also monitored and recorded together with bladder pressure during voiding. Renal pelvic pressure was measured via a nephrostomy catheter and recordings were made simultaneously with bladder filling and voiding. The upper urinary tract was visualized using microscopic video imaging of the ureter, contrasted by perfusing the renal pelvis with indigo carmine. Characterization of upper tract transport was made in terms of renal pelvic pressure, ureteral peristaltic rate, and bolus length and velocity. The results show that in the awake rat, 30 μg/kg of prazosin decreased the urine production rate from 4.8 ± 0.074 to 1.6 ± 0.23 ml (P < 0.001) and micturition frequency by a similar proportion from 1.99 ± 0.44 to 0.53 ± 0.08/hr. In the lower urinary tract, prazosin did not change the baseline pressure of the bladder but produced significant dose‐dependent decreases in Pdetmax, Puo, and frequency of micturition. In the upper urinary tract, ureteral and pelvic frequencies decreased, whereas the length of bolus increased significantly corresponding to increased doses of prazosin. These results suggest that, although prazosin facilitates micturition by reducing urethral opening pressure, it also reduces the rate of urine production and modulates the function of urine transport in the upper urinary tract. Neurourol. Urodynam. 17:213–229, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of induction heating using numerical modeling and genetic algorithm

Induction heating is a complex interplay of electromagnetic, thermal and metallurgic phenomena. It is therefore not surprising that only few numerical optimization approaches for solving induction heating problems have been published. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal coil position and the optimal amplitude and frequency of the electric current in order to attain the desired temperature profile in a non-ferromagnetic steel cylinder workpiece. The finite-element numerical modeling in combination with genetic algorithm optimization method was used for this purpose. The heated workpiece was surrounded by a copper coil consisting of four loops. In our calculations the workpiece's temperature-dependent material properties were taken into account. Using a genetic algorithm the following parameters were optimized: position of the single-coil loop, the amplitude and the frequency of the electric current in the coil. Our numerical model was experimentally validated by comparison of measurement and simulation results. The optimized solution and the global optimum had comparable temperature profiles due to a better selection of the electric current parameters compared to the profile obtained by solving the problem intuitively. We demonstrated that the proposed approach can be used for planning of induction heating of steel materials at low-energy consumption and high time-efficiency.
Using Threshold Attribute-based Encryption for Practical Biometric-based Access Control

Threshold attribute-based encryption (thABE) is a variant of identity-based encryption which views identities as sets of descriptive attributes. If a thABE ciphertext c is computed for a set ω of attributes, then, to decrypt c, a user must have keys associated with a sufficiently large subset of ω. One application of thABE is biometric-based access control (BBAC). Practical BBAC applications impose the following constraints on the design of thABE schemes: first, a suitable thABE scheme must have an efficient decryption procedure; second, the proposed scheme must prevent colluding users from being able to decrypt ciphertexts which none of them could decrypt; third, the designed scheme must provide a mechanism whereby encryptors can, at encryption time, specify multiples sets of attributes with their corresponding threshold values. To the best of our knowledge, no scheme is known that simultaneously satisfies the aforementioned requirements. This paper describes an efficient and collusion-resistant thABE scheme featuring dynamically-specifiable threshold values. The proposed scheme is proven secure in the random oracle model, and its efficiency and flexibility are compared with Sahai and Waters'thABE scheme.
UML Modeling in Design of Error Detection and Correction Circuits

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used for designing, testing and validating system on chip architectures, real time systems, and embedded systems. The UML models are easily up-gradable an reused in new designs, being a powerful tool in extending functionality whenever necessary. Our approach describes an UML model for error detection and correction algorithms and also for hardware components that will perform the functions correspondingly, based on polynomial registers mod p(x).
Using Simulation to Support Novice Teachers' Classroom Management Skills: Comparing Traditional and Alternative Certification Groups.

Drawing from research on situated cognition and the development of expertise and simulations in professional education, we designed two simulation tasks that provided novice teachers with repeated opportunities to deliberately practice managing a classroom under no-fault conditions. The simulations immersed novices in two perennial classroom management challenges: motivating students to learn and dealing with non-compliance. To understand how the simulations fit the developmental needs of teachers on different preparation paths, we piloted them with graduate students enrolled in traditional and alternative certification programs at the same university. Both group’s initial definitions of classroom management emphasized teacher control of student behavior; later schema emphasized control and care. References to classroom management as teacher self-regulation appeared more often within the alternative certification group. Both groups selected controlling strategies for addressing the non-compliance simulation.
Survey on Pervasive Developmental Disorder in 2-6 Year-old Children in Beijing

Objective: Exploring the epidemiological state of pervasive developmental disorder in 2-6 year-old children in Beijing. Methods: A total of 21866 children aged 2-6 year-old were recruited from permanent residents of Beijing by 2-phase cluster sampling.The Clancy Autism Behavior Scale was used for screening.The Childhood Autism Rating Scale and DSM-Ⅳ were used for diagnosis.Results: 16 children were diagnosed as pervasive developmental disorder (14 with autistic disorder, 1 with atypical autistic disorder, 1 with Rett syndrome). The false negative rate was 0.80 ‰. The prevalence of pervasive developmental disorder was 0.73 ‰, the adjusted prevalence was 1.53 ‰,the average annual detective rate was 0.11‰. The prevalence rate had no difference in distribution between urban-rural, among different age groups, sex and nations(χ2=0.11~1.85,P=0.739-0.173). The low family income was related to high prevalence significantly ( tendency χ2=4.70,P=0.030 ). 25% children with pervasive developmental disorder had not been identified by parents or had not been to clinics.80% children with pervasive developmental disorder had not get intervention.All children had demand to get intervention. Conclusions: The prevalence of pervasive developmental disorder in 2-6 year-old children in Beijing was not low.Low family income is the risk factor.The rate of intervention was low.The government should pay close attention to the children with pervasive developmental disorder and their needs.
Looking beyond PTH and DFM:The Relationship Model between Psychological Suzhi and Mental Health

Based on the literature review of psychological suzhi,psychopathology(PTH),the dual-factor model of mental health(DFM),traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitution theory,vulnerability(diathesis)-stress model,and positive psychology,this research aims to develop the relationship model between psychological suzhi and mental health(RM). Two interconnected levels are included in RM,namely,the mechanism level and the assessment and goal level.RM emphasizes that individual psychological suzhi,which should be included into assessment and diagnosis system of mental health,plays a core role in promoting and protecting mental health.RM also advocates that classified qualitative and quantitative assessment should be combined,and that the suitable prevention and intervention measures should be grounded on various types of the individual.
Comparison of FDG whole-body PET/CT and gadolinium-enhanced whole-body MRI for distant malignancies in patients with malignant tumors: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND We performed a meta-analysis to compare the performance of whole-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (WB-PET/CT) with that of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) for the overall assessment of distant malignancies in patients with malignant tumors. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 13 available articles (1239 patients). We calculated sensitivities, specificities, positive likelihood ratios, and negative likelihood ratios, and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves using bivariate regression models for WB-PET/CT and WB-MRI, respectively. RESULTS Across nine studies (1070 patients), WB-PET/CT have similar patient-based sensitivity (0.85 versus 0.85) and specificity (0.96 versus 0.97) with WB-MRI. Across 5 studies (210 patients), WB-PET/CT have similar lesion-based sensitivity (0.85 vs 0.88) and specificity (0.90 vs 0.89) with WB-MRI. Across four studies (511 patients), the combined use may have higher patient-based sensitivity (0.89) than WB-PET/CT (0.82) and WB-MRI (0.81) alone. CONCLUSION Both WB-PET/CT and WB-MRI have good diagnostic performance for the overall assessment of distant malignancies in patients with malignant tumors. The combined use may provide more added value than WB-PET/CT and WB-MRI alone.
RDF data management in the Amazon cloud

Cloud computing has been massively adopted recently in many applications for its elastic scaling and fault-tolerance. At the same time, given that the amount of available RDF data sources on the Web increases rapidly, there is a constant need for scalable RDF data management tools. In this paper we propose a novel architecture for the distributed management of RDF data, exploiting an existing commercial cloud infrastructure, namely Amazon Web Services (AWS). We study the problem of indexing RDF data stored within AWS, by using SimpleDB, a key-value store provided by AWS for small data items. The goal of the index is to efficiently identify the RDF datasets which may have answers for a given query, and route the query only to those. We devised and experimented with several indexing strategies; we discuss experimental results and avenues for future work.
On taking the theoretical substance of outcomes seriously: a meta-conversation

We contend that the field of behavioral ethics in organizations, in large part, has not explicitly attended to the theoretical substance of outcome variables in studies of individuals’ morally relevant judgments, decisions, and behaviors, and that we should do so. We review the recent literature, finding that conceptual definitions of the moral domain are provided in only a small percentage of articles and that the operationalizations employed are drawn from a narrow set, with the majority of studies focusing on cheating or lying. We also review relevant conversations on the theoretical substance of morally relevant outcome variables found largely outside of this literature. We present these conversations in the context of a metaconversation, or a conversation about conversations in which we point to the potential fruitfulness of discussing the theoretical substance of our outcome variables, and the forms that such discussions might take. We conclude with suggestions for carrying the conversation forward within the field of behavioral ethics in organizations.
TORQUE RIPPLE MINIMIZATION STRATEGY FOR DIRECT TORQUE CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTOR USING FUZZY SCHEME

The direct torque control (DTC) speed control scheme of an induction motor surpasses the vector control in the sense that it controls the torque directly and does not use transformations and current modulator. In the traditional direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor, the low order harmonic component of stator current is very large when the motor is running at low speed. It leads to high torque ripple of motor in low speed. To solve this problem, a new control method has been proposed in this paper. To improve the torque response and reduce the torque ripple, fuzzy logic concept has been introduced into the flux model. The simulation results depict that the proposed method not only improve the speed of torque response, but the problem of torque ripple can be effectively solved. In the whole speed range, the performance of dynamic and static is better than that of the conventional DTC.
Force XXI Land Warrior: a systems approach to speech recognition

Speech recognition is continually being realized as a user interface in new applications. As this technology progresses, it enables new ways for humans to interact with machines and information. The performance in many domains has approached users' expectations. Although there are still abundant technology challenges ahead, speech recognition has reached a maturity level that requires one to consider its deployment in complex systems and environments. It is in this vein that we discuss a systems approach to the successful execution of speech recognition within the Force XXI Land Warrior program. We discuss the system voice control component as it fits within the overall program. The requirements for robustness, recognition, and computational complexity issues are addressed. We explicitly cover the system aspects and how they influence the user interface and reveal the parameters for actual use. Finally, we consider the implementation of a polynomial-based classifier for speech recognition, and we provide the final system performance measures on a large domain specific database.
SupMR: Circumventing Disk and Memory Bandwidth Bottlenecks for Scale-up MapReduce

Reading input from primary storage (i.e. the ingest phase) and aggregating results (i.e. the merge phase) are important pre- and post-processing steps in large batch computations. Unfortunately, today's data sets are so large that the ingest and merge job phases are now performance bottlenecks. In this paper, we mitigate the ingest and merge bottlenecks by leveraging the scale-up MapReduce model. We introduce an ingest chunk pipeline and a merge optimization that increases CPU utilization (50-100%) and job phase speedups (1.16× - 3.13×) for the ingest and merge phases. Our techniques are based on well-known algorithms and scale-out MapReduce optimizations, but applying them to a scale-up computation framework to mitigate the ingest and merge bottlenecks is novel.