Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Ambulatory Care: Application of the Tracer Methodology

Utilizing a tracer method in the assessment of care was investigated in a large pediatric clinic. A set of tracers were selected and agreement was obtained concerning the relevance of care criteria by at least 80 per cent of the facility physicians. One tracer, iron-deficiency anemia, was studied using two nonphysician abstractors to review a sample of 100 patient records with hemoglobins of 11.0 gm/100 ml or less. Results were compared with an implicit review by a panel of physicians. In 52 patients, the low hemoglobin level was not recognized. Only 25 patients proceeded through the care levels of evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Poor compliance was found with the approved criteria. Weighted scores of the explicit tracer method were closely related to ratings by the implicit reviewers. Utilizing tracer assessment with nonphysician abstractors demonstrated remediable deficiencies in health care services.
Enhancing Enzymatic Saccharification of Waste Newsprint by Surfactant Addition

Several nonionic surfactants, Pluronic F68 and F88 (BASF) as well as Tween 20 and 80, were found in this study to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated newsprint. Pluronic F68 was the most effective among the surfactants studied. With 2% (w/v) F68 the cellulose (10 g/L) conversion achieved with 2 g/L cellulase reached 52%, about the same as the 48% conversion achieved with 10 g/L cellulase in a surfactant‐free system. An empirical model, x = Kt0.5‐(t/τ)1/2, has been developed to describe the extended hydrolysis, where x is conversion, t is reaction time, and K and τ correspond to the initial saccharification rate and the characteristic time for its tendency to deviate from the initial power‐law (exponent = 0.5) behavior. The best‐fit K and τ in the extended hydrolysis experiments confirmed that F68 significantly enhanced both the initial rate and long‐term hydrolysis. A study was also made to evaluate the compatibility of these surfactants, at concentrations up to 2% (w/v), with cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Dekkera clausenii. While Tween 20 was found strongly inhibitory to D. clausenii, the culture growth in all other surfactant‐added systems was comparable to that in the surfactant‐free controls.
Using the principle of entropy maximization to infer genetic interaction networks from gene expression patterns

We describe a method based on the principle of entropy maximization to identify the gene interaction network with the highest probability of giving rise to experimentally observed transcript profiles. In its simplest form, the method yields the pairwise gene interaction network, but it can also be extended to deduce higher-order interactions. Analysis of microarray data from genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae chemostat cultures exhibiting energy metabolic oscillations identifies a gene interaction network that reflects the intracellular communication pathways that adjust cellular metabolic activity and cell division to the limiting nutrient conditions that trigger metabolic oscillations. The success of the present approach in extracting meaningful genetic connections suggests that the maximum entropy principle is a useful concept for understanding living systems, as it is for other complex, nonequilibrium systems.
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, update February 2014

A*01:148 HG00007174 KF501497 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*01:149 HG00007175 KF501494 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*01:150 HG00007176, HG00007177 KF291263, KF291261 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:11:06 HG00007187 KF438195 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:484 HG00007184 KF535955 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:485 HG00007185 KF263492 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:486 HG00007186 KF291262 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:487 HG00007188 KF291260 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*02:488 I031 KJ205532 Wangxia Li, Wuhan, China A*03:01:45 HG00007180 KF415250 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*03:184 HG00007178 KF415249 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*03:185 HG00007179 KF312402 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:01:60 HG00007154 KF471684 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:01:61 HG00007155 KF535960 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:01:62 HG00007162 KF312406 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:183 HG00006371 KF036233 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:184 HG00007159 KF535957 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:185 HG00007160 KF381221 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:186 HG00007161 KF381218 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:187 HG00007163 KF263491 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*11:188 sz13010552A KJ185393 Daming Wang, Shenzhen, China A*24:275 HG00007170 KF381222 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*24:276 HG00007172 KF471695 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*24:277 HG00007173 KF381224 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*25:25 HG00007166 KF438193 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*29:01:06 HG00007146 KF535951 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*29:60 D51775 HG931084 Odile Avinens, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France A*30:82 HG00007169 KF312401 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*31:01:21 HG00007149 KF263494 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*31:01:22 HG00007150 KF415246 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*31:85 HG00007147 KF501496 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*31:86 HG00007148 KF312405 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*32:01:16 HG00007183 KF501493 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*32:62 HG00007181 KF381223 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*33:03:25 HG00007151 KF535952 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*33:86 HG00007145 KF535953 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA A*68:110 HG00007153 KF381220 Histogenetics, Ossining, USA
Population Genetic Structure, Abundance, and Health Status of Two Dominant Benthic Species in the Saba Bank National Park, Caribbean Netherlands: Montastraea cavernosa and Xestospongia muta

Saba Bank, a submerged atoll in the Caribbean Sea with an area of 2,200 km2, has attained international conservation status due to the rich diversity of species that reside on the bank. In order to assess the role of Saba Bank as a potential reservoir of diversity for the surrounding reefs, we examined the population genetic structure, abundance and health status of two prominent benthic species, the coral Montastraea cavernosa and the sponge Xestospongia muta. Sequence data were collected from 34 colonies of M. cavernosa (nDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2; 892 bp) and 68 X. muta sponges (mtDNA I3-M11 partition of COI; 544 bp) on Saba Bank and around Saba Island, and compared with published data across the wider Caribbean. Our data indicate that there is genetic connectivity between populations on Saba Bank and the nearby Saba Island as well as multiple locations in the wider Caribbean, ranging in distance from 100s–1000s km. The genetic diversity of Saba Bank populations of M. cavernosa (π = 0.055) and X. muta (π = 0.0010) was comparable to those in other regions in the western Atlantic. Densities and health status were determined along 11 transects of 50 m2 along the south-eastern rim of Saba Bank. The densities of M. cavernosa (0.27 ind. m-2, 95% CI: 0.12–0.52) were average, while the densities of X. muta (0.09 ind. m-2, 95% CI: 0.02–0.32) were generally higher with respect to other Caribbean locations. No disease or bleaching was present in any of the specimens of the coral M. cavernosa, however, we did observe partial tissue loss (77.9% of samples) as well as overgrowth (48.1%), predominantly by cyanobacteria. In contrast, the majority of observed X. muta (83.5%) showed signs of presumed bleaching. The combined results of apparent gene flow among populations on Saba Bank and surrounding reefs, the high abundance and unique genetic diversity, indicate that Saba Bank could function as an important buffer for the region. Either as a natural source of larvae to replenish genetic diversity or as a storehouse of diversity that can be utilized if needed for restoration practices.
Enhanced local feature approach for overlapping sound event recognition

In this paper, we propose a feature-based approach to address the challenging task of recognising overlapping sound events from single channel audio. Our approach is based on our previous work on Local Spectrogram Features (LSFs), where we combined a local spectral representation of the spectrogram with the Generalised Hough Transform (GHT) voting system for recognition. Here we propose to take the output from the GHT and use it as a feature for classification, and demonstrate that such an approach can improve upon the previous knowledge-based scoring system. Experiments are carried out on a challenging set of five overlapping sound events, with the addition of non-stationary background noise and volume change. The results show that the proposed system can achieve a detection rate of 99% and 91% in clean and 0dB noise conditions respectively, which is a strong improvement over our previous work.
Embracing Error to Enable Rapid Crowdsourcing

Microtask crowdsourcing has enabled dataset advances in social science and machine learning, but existing crowdsourcing schemes are too expensive to scale up with the expanding volume of data. To scale and widen the applicability of crowdsourcing, we present a technique that produces extremely rapid judgments for binary and categorical labels. Rather than punishing all errors, which causes workers to proceed slowly and deliberately, our technique speeds up workers' judgments to the point where errors are acceptable and even expected. We demonstrate that it is possible to rectify these errors by randomizing task order and modeling response latency. We evaluate our technique on a breadth of common labeling tasks such as image verification, word similarity, sentiment analysis and topic classification. Where prior work typically achieves a 0.25x to 1x speedup over fixed majority vote, our approach often achieves an order of magnitude (10x) speedup.
Transductive Learning for Multi-Task Copula Processes

We tackle the problem of multi-task learning with copula process. Multivariable prediction in spatial and spatial-temporal processes such as natural resource estimation and pollution monitoring have been typically addressed using techniques based on Gaussian processes and co-Kriging. While the Gaussian prior assumption is convenient from analytical and computational perspectives, nature is dominated by non-Gaussian likelihoods. Copula processes are an elegant and flexible solution to handle various non-Gaussian likelihoods by capturing the dependence structure of random variables with cumulative distribution functions rather than their marginals. We show how multi-task learning for copula processes can be used to improve multivariable prediction for problems where the simple Gaussianity prior assumption does not hold. Then, we present a transductive approximation for multi-task learning and derive analytical expressions for the copula process model. The approach is evaluated and compared to other techniques in one artificial dataset and two publicly available datasets for natural resource estimation and concrete slump prediction.
Accuracy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) during Continuous and High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Continuous exercise (CON) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) can be safely performed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Additionally, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems may serve as a tool to reduce the risk of exercise-induced hypoglycemia. It is unclear if CGM is accurate during CON and HIIE at different mean workloads. Seven T1DM patients performed CON and HIIE at 5% below (L) and above (M) the first lactate turn point (LTP1), and 5% below the second lactate turn point (LTP2) (H) on a cycle ergometer. Glucose was measured via CGM and in capillary blood (BG). Differences were found in comparison of CGM vs. BG in three out of the six tests (p < 0.05). In CON, bias and levels of agreement for L, M, and H were found at: 0.85 (−3.44, 5.15) mmol·L−1, −0.45 (−3.95, 3.05) mmol·L−1, −0.31 (−8.83, 8.20) mmol·L−1 and at 1.17 (−2.06, 4.40) mmol·L−1, 0.11 (−5.79, 6.01) mmol·L−1, 1.48 (−2.60, 5.57) mmol·L−1 in HIIE for the same intensities. Clinically-acceptable results (except for CON H) were found. CGM estimated BG to be clinically acceptable, except for CON H. Additionally, using CGM may increase avoidance of exercise-induced hypoglycemia, but usual BG control should be performed during intense exercise.
Late cardiac perforation by a passive-fixation permanent pacemaker lead in a dog.

CASE DESCRIPTION A 12-year-old Miniature Dachshund with a history of permanent endocardial pacemaker implantation performed 7 weeks previously was admitted for routine dental prophylaxis. CLINICAL FINDINGS Preanesthetic ECG revealed normal ventricular capture. Thoracic radiographic findings included caudomedial displacement of the endocardial pacemaker lead. Echocardiography revealed moderate chronic degenerative valve disease with moderate left atrial and ventricular dilation. After induction of anesthesia, loss of ventricular capture was detected. The dog recovered from anesthesia and had improved ventricular capture. The following day, surgical exposure of the cardiac apex revealed perforation of the right ventricular apex by the passive-fixation pacemaker lead. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME A permanent epicardial pacemaker was implanted through a transxiphoid approach. Appropriate ventricular capture and sensing were achieved. The dog recovered without complications. Approximately 2 months later, the dog developed sudden respiratory distress at home and was euthanized. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In dogs with permanent pacemakers and loss of ventricular capture, differential diagnoses should include cardiac perforation. If evidence of perforation of the pacemaker lead is found, replacement of the endocardial pacemaker lead with an epicardial pacemaker lead is warranted.
D-Snake: Image Registration by As-Similar-As-Possible Template Deformation

We describe a snake-type method for shape registration in 2D and 3D, by fitting a given polygonal template to an acquired image or volume data. The snake aspires to fit itself to the data in a shape which is locally As-Similar-As-Possible (ASAP) to the template. Our ASAP regulating force is based on the Moving Least Squares (MLS) similarity deformation. Combining this force with the traditional internal and external forces associated with a snake leads to a powerful and robust registration algorithm, capable of extracting precise shape information from image data.
Research challenges in occupational and environmental medicine until 2030

> My work in munitions plants was interrupted toward the end of 1917 by a summons to Washington The complaint which led to my being sent on this new job came from the limestone cutters of Bedford Indiana. The condition of which the men complained – and doubtless still do – is a spastic anaemia of certain fingers, the ones most tightly cramped around the tool (.). There is a clear line of demarcation between the dead part and the normal part. I had provided myself with outlines on paper of right and left hands and when I examined a man I would make his record with a blue pencil on one of the sheets. > > Alice Hamilton Thomas C Erren calls for identification of research challenges in occupational and environmental medicine during the two coming decades, and suggests useful criteria for it (see page 5). 1 We will also focus on the occupational aspects, as a recent commentary suggested coming issues in the environmental area.2 But we advocate a broader approach: occupational medicine must take in an international perspective to “understand what is happening to work itself”. 3 We propose that the following global trends should be considered:
Effect of soluble epoxide hydrolase polymorphism on substrate and inhibitor selectivity and dimer formation[S]

Epoxy FAs (EpFAs) are important lipid mediators that are mainly metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Thus, sEH inhibition is a promising therapeutic target to treat numerous ailments. Several sEH polymorphisms result in amino acid substitutions and alter enzyme activity. K55R and R287Q are associated with inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. R287Q seems to affect sEH activity through reducing formation of a catalytically active dimer. Thus, understanding how these SNPs affect the selectivity of sEH for substrates and inhibitors is of potential clinical importance. We investigated the selectivity of four sEH SNPs toward a series of EpFAs and inhibitors. We found that the SNPs alter the catalytic activity of the enzyme but do not alter the relative substrate and inhibitor selectivity. We also determined their dimer/monomer constants (KD/M). The WT sEH formed a very tight dimer, with a KD/M in the low picomolar range. Only R287Q resulted in a large change of the KD/M. However, human tissue concentrations of sEH suggest that it is always in its dimer form independently of the SNP. These results suggest that the different biologies associated with K55R and R287Q are not explained by alteration in dimer formation or substrate selectivity.
Location-aware power saving mechanism based on adaptive Quorum systems for mobile Ad hoc networks

IEEE 802.11 specifies a Power Saving Mode (PSM) in order to save the energy consumptions of mobile hosts. Following the standard of PSM, a number of studies [1–4] further discussed the wakeup/sleep scheduling of beacon intervals based on Quorum systems so that any communication pair of hosts has common awake intervals for data exchange. However, most of them did not take into consideration the fact that non-neighbor stations do not require to have a common wake up intervals since they are unable to communicate with each other. Hence the energy conservation and the transmission delay can be not significantly improved. This paper utilizes the location information and proposes a location-aware power saving mechanism. Experiment results reveal that the proposed scheme outperforms existing approaches in terms of energy conservation and transmission delay.
Atomic Resolution Structure of the Orotidine 5′-Monophosphate Decarboxylase Product Complex Combined with Surface Plasmon Resonance Analysis

Background: Low binding affinity of product UMP is used to argue against substrate distortion contributing to orotidine-5′-monophosphate decarboxylase catalysis. Results: Atomic resolution structure and surface plasmon resonance analysis reveal strong repulsion between active site residue and UMP. Conclusion: Low UMP affinity does not disprove contribution of substrate distortion to catalysis. Significance: Substrate distortion can still be considered as a mechanistic feature of this most proficient enzyme. Orotidine 5′-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODCase) accelerates the decarboxylation of its substrate by 17 orders of magnitude. One argument brought forward against steric/electrostatic repulsion causing substrate distortion at the carboxylate substituent as part of the catalysis has been the weak binding affinity of the decarboxylated product (UMP). The crystal structure of the UMP complex of ODCase at atomic resolution (1.03 Å) shows steric competition between the product UMP and the side chain of a catalytic lysine residue. Surface plasmon resonance analysis indicates that UMP binds 5 orders of magnitude more tightly to a mutant in which the interfering side chain has been removed than to wild-type ODCase. These results explain the low affinity of UMP and counter a seemingly very strong argument against a contribution of substrate distortion to the catalytic reaction mechanism of ODCase.
Gua Sha, a press-stroke treatment of the skin, boosts the immune response to intradermal vaccination

Objective The skin is an important immunological barrier of the body as well as an optimal route for vaccine administration. Gua Sha, which involves press-stroke treatment of the skin, is an effective folk therapy, widely accepted in East Asia, for various symptoms; however, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects have not been clarified. We investigated the influence of Gua Sha on the immunological features of the skin. Methods Gua Sha was performed on BALB/c mice and the effects were evaluated using anatomical, histological, and cytometric methods as well as cytokine determination locally and systemically. The effect on intradermal vaccination was assessed with antigen-specific subtype antibody responses. Results Blood vessel expansion, erythrocyte extravasation, and increased ratios of immune active cells were observed in the skin tissue following the treatment. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were up-regulated, and immunosuppressive cytokines, down-regulated, in the treated and untreated skin and systemic circulation; no obvious variations were detected in case of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, intradermal delivery of a model vaccine following Gua Sha induced about three-fold higher IgG titers with a more Th1-biased antibody subtype profile. Conclusion Gua Sha treatment can up-regulate the innate and adaptive immune functions of the skin and boost the response against intradermal antigens. Thus, Gua Sha may serve as a safe, inexpensive, and independent physical adjuvant for intradermal vaccination.
Research in International Business and Finance the Prospects of Bric Countries: Testing Weak-form Market Efficiency

JEL classification: G14 G01 G15 Keywords: BRIC Weak-form market efficiency Random walk hypothesis Emerging markets a b s t r a c t The main purpose of the study is to determine whether the equity markets of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) may be considered weak-form efficient in recent years. The major findings using daily data and a bias-free statistical technique with a sample spanning from September 1995 to March 2010 indicate that the results from the last sub-periods, including the subprime crisis, support the belief that these markets may have been approaching a state of being fairly weak-form efficient, which reflects the future prospects of BRIC countries.
On effective TSV repair for 3D-stacked ICs

3D-stacked ICs that employ through-silicon vias (TSVs) to connect multiple dies vertically have gained wide-spread interest in the semiconductor industry. In order to be commercially viable, the assembly yield for 3D-stacked ICs must be as high as possible, requiring TSVs to be reparable. Existing techniques typically assume TSV faults to be uniformly distributed and use neighboring TSVs to repair faulty ones, if any. In practice, however, clustered TSV faults are quite common due to the fact that the TSV bonding quality depends on surface roughness and cleaness of silicon dies, rendering prior TSV redundancy solutions less effective. To resolve this problem, we present a novel TSV repair framework, including a hardware architecture that enables faulty TSVs to be repaired by redundant TSVs that are farther apart, and the corresponding repair algorithm. By doing so, the manufacturing yield for 3D-stacked ICs can be dramatically improved, as demonstrated in our experimental results.
Notice of RetractionUsing Comprehension Degree to Improve the Quality of Recommender System for Group Learning Support

Recommender systems are now a popular research area and have become powerful tools to present personalized offers to users in many domains (e. g. e-commerce, e-learning). In this paper, we introduced an approach of personalization which extracts learners' preferences based on learning processes and learning activities (e. g. writing summary) and provides more relevant, personalized recommendations. Keyword maps proposed with keywords and various relations among them in this article describe content of each learning object and knowledge of each learner existing. The research hypothesizes that keyword maps should help to increase both the relevance and complement of learning materials recommendation. Thereafter, learners' comprehension degree and proficiency level are inferred by these keyword maps. According to the learners' comprehension degree and learners' proficiency levels, the system filters out the irrelevant learning processes and recommends the learning materials separately.