Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SimpleGraphics: Tcl/Tk visualization of real-time multi-threaded and distributed applications

Visualization of complex software applications is an exciting and challenging field. Useful displays are invaluable for developers in analysis of their software systems, and for meaningful system presentations to customers at a higher conceptual level.There have been many notable visualization examples applicable to data centric systems, including the GRASP code visualizer[11], the UW Illustrating Compiler[14], and the Information Space Visualizations embodied in Cone Trees[7] and Data Walls[8]. As conceptual and abstraction levels of these advanced graphics increases and becomes more prevalent, and as the real-world applications become more complicated from concurrency and distribution, the interfacing cohesion process becomes more difficult.This paper describes concepts and issues for integrating visualization techniques into multi-threaded and distributed applications, and shows foundation use available across application domains. SimpleGraphics is a term used in this paper to describe these powerful and rapidly developed visualizations applied to soft real-time applications. For the applications described here to meet the "simple" criteria they must be both conceptually simple and quickly developed - in say under 10 minutes. This leads to their use when appropriate in a "what if" manner, as well as taking them out if no longer needed. Looking ahead, the newer embedded devices, such as the AutoPC or the PalmPilot, have a small graphic foot print and will probably not allow for complicated graphics, leading to more use of abstractions like SimpleGraphics.Newer object oriented concurrency and distribution abstractions are being explored and applied to augment the work since the last International Real-Time Ada Workshop (IRTAW)[6][5]. With pervasive concurrent and distributed systems under development, it becomes clear that better controls and visualizations techniques are necessary, and Ada provides elegant solution techniques that can evolve with changing requirements. The graphic language, Tcl/Tk[9], is used here both for it's portability and its higher abstraction (through less syntax) supporting rapid development feedback.The benefits and impacts from this work include highlighting multi-threaded real-time issues, showing rapid turnaround through reuse, robust development through objects, better visualization techniques, and techniques for interfacing to other languages. In short, the goals of the 9th IRTAW are addressed in various aspects within this body of work.
Mineralizing Filamentous Bacteria from the Prony Bay Hydrothermal Field Give New Insights into the Functioning of Serpentinization-Based Subseafloor Ecosystems

Despite their potential importance as analogs of primitive microbial metabolisms, the knowledge of the structure and functioning of the deep ecosystems associated with serpentinizing environments is hampered by the lack of accessibility to relevant systems. These hyperalkaline environments are depleted in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), making the carbon sources and assimilation pathways in the associated ecosystems highly enigmatic. The Prony Bay Hydrothermal Field (PHF) is an active serpentinization site where, similar to Lost City (Mid-Atlantic Ridge), high-pH fluids rich in H2 and CH4 are discharged from carbonate chimneys at the seafloor, but in a shallower lagoonal environment. This study aimed to characterize the subsurface microbial ecology of this environment by focusing on the earliest stages of chimney construction, dominated by the discharge of hydrothermal fluids of subseafloor origin. By jointly examining the mineralogy and the microbial diversity of the conduits of juvenile edifices at the micrometric scale, we find a central role of uncultivated bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes in the ecology of the PHF. These bacteria, along with members of the phyla Acetothermia and Omnitrophica, are identified as the first chimneys inhabitants before archaeal Methanosarcinales. They are involved in the construction and early consolidation of the carbonate structures via organomineralization processes. Their predominance in the most juvenile and nascent hydrothermal chimneys, and their affiliation with environmental subsurface microorganisms, indicate that they are likely discharged with hydrothermal fluids from the subseafloor. They may thus be representative of endolithic serpentinization-based ecosystems, in an environment where DIC is limited. In contrast, heterotrophic and fermentative microorganisms may consume organic compounds from the abiotic by-products of serpentinization processes and/or from life in the deeper subsurface. We thus propose that the Firmicutes identified at PHF may have a versatile metabolism with the capability to use diverse organic compounds from biological or abiotic origin. From that perspective, this study sheds new light on the structure of deep microbial communities living at the energetic edge in serpentinites and may provide an alternative model of the earliest metabolisms.
Characterization of Chromatin Structure-associated Histone Modifications in Breast Cancer Cells

Chromatin structure and dynamics that are influenced by epigenetic marks, such as histone modification and DNA methylation, play a crucial role in modulating gene transcription. To understand the relationship between histone modifications and regulatory elements in breast cancer cells, we compared our chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) histone modification patterns for histone H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K9/16ac, and H3K27me3 in MCF-7 cells with publicly available formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE)-chip signals in human chromosomes 8, 11, and 12, identified by a method called FAIRE. Active regulatory elements defined by FAIRE were highly associated with active histone modifications, like H3K4me3 and H3K9/16ac, especially near transcription start sites. The H3K9/16ac-enriched genes that overlapped with FAIRE signals (FAIRE-H3K9/14ac) were moderately correlated with gene expression levels. We also identified functional sequence motifs at H3K4me1-enriched FAIRE sites upstream of putative promoters, suggesting that regulatory elements could be associated with H3K4me1 to be regarded as distal regulatory elements. Our results might provide an insight into epigenetic regulatory mechanisms explaining the association of histone modifications with open chromatin structure in breast cancer cells.
Fuzzy controlled power factor correctionin AC/DC interleaved boost converter

In recent years there has been an increasing demand for closely regulated dc power supply. Most of the power electronic converters used in these power supplies use bridge rectifiers which are nonlinear in nature. The nonlinear loads results in low power factor operation of system along with higher harmonic distortions. For reducing the harmonic distortion and better power factor operation of these devices closed loop control is used. In earlier studies PI control circuitry is used in closed loop systems which resulted in overshoot and long settling time. To eliminate these drawbacks a new Fuzzy controlled strategy with interleaved boost structure is proposed in order to further improve the power factor. This modified controller is much simpler and reaches the required reference voltage faster and smoother with improved power factor compared to the PI controller.
Similarity attraction effects in mobile advertisement: Interaction between user personality and advertisement personality

Personality is an essential feature for social interaction that contributes to person's preference to products. In this paper, using M-CID(Multimedia Caller-ID) in mobile advertisement, the similarity attraction effect between user and ads personalities is examined. A 2 (M-CID advertisement personality: introvert vs. extrovert) by 2 (participant personality: introvert vs. extrovert) experiment is carried out to investigate user's attitude on advertised product. The results show that the introverted users are more likely to prefer the introverted ads, whereas the extroverted users are more likely to prefer the extroverted ads. These similarity attraction influences on the user's attitudes on the product. Our results suggest an advertisement strategy for mobile phone applications.
Observational Constraints on the Dependence of Radio-Quiet Quasar X-Ray Emission on Black Hole Mass and Accretion Rate

In this work we use a sample of 318 radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) to investigate the dependence of the ratio of optical/UV flux to X-ray flux, αox, and the X-ray photon index, ΓX, on black hole mass, UV relative to Eddington luminosity, and X-ray relative to Eddington luminosity. Our sample is drawn from the literature, with X-ray data from ROSAT and Chandra, and optical data mostly from the SDSS; 153 of these sources have estimates of ΓX from Chandra. We estimate MBH using standard estimates derived from the Hβ, Mg II, and C IV broad emission lines. Our sample spans a broad range in black hole mass (106≲ MBH/M☉≲ 1010), redshift (0 < z < 4.8), and luminosity (1043≲ λ Lλ(2500 Å) [ ergs s−1] ≲ 1048) . We find that αox increases with increasing MBH and LUV/LEdd and decreases with increasing LX/LEdd. In addition, we confirm the correlation seen in previous studies between ΓX and MBH and both LUV/LEdd and LX/LEdd; however, we also find evidence that the dependence of ΓX of these quantities is not monotonic, changing sign at MBH ∼ 3 × 108 M☉. We argue that the αox correlations imply that the fraction of bolometric luminosity emitted by the accretion disk, as compared to the corona, increases with increasing accretion rate relative to the Eddington rate, . In addition, we argue that the ΓX trends are caused by a dependence of X-ray spectral index on ṁ. We discuss our results within the context of accretion models with Comptonizing corona and discuss the implications of the αox correlations for quasar feedback. To date, this is the largest study of the dependence of RQQ X-ray parameters on black hole mass and related quantities, and the first to attempt to correct for the large statistical uncertainty in the broad-line mass estimates.
Endothelial Cell E- and P-Selectin and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Function as Signaling Receptors

Previous studies have shown that polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) adherence to endothelial cells (EC) induces transient increases in EC cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) that are required for PMN transit across the EC barrier (Huang, A.J., J.E. Manning, T.M. Bandak, M.C. Ratau, K.R. Hanser, and S.C. Silverstein. 1993. J. Cell Biol. 120:1371–1380). To determine whether stimulation of [Ca2+]i changes in EC by leukocytes was induced by the same molecules that mediate leukocyte adherence to EC, [Ca2+]i was measured in Fura2-loaded human EC monolayers. Expression of adhesion molecules by EC was induced by a pretreatment of the cells with histamine or with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and [Ca2+]i was measured in single EC after the addition of mAbs directed against the EC adhesion proteins P-selectin, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), or platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). Both anti–P- and anti–E-selectin mAb, as well as anti–VCAM-1 mAb, induced transient increases in EC [Ca2+]i that were comparable to those induced by 200 μM histamine. In contrast, no effect was obtained by mAbs directed against the endothelial ICAM-1 or PECAM-1. PMN adherence directly stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i in histamine- or LPS-treated EC. mAbs directed against leukocyte CD18 or PECAM-1, the leukocyte counter-receptors for endothelial ICAM-1 and PECAM-1, respectively, did not inhibit PMN-induced EC activation. In contrast, mAb directed against sialyl Lewis x (sLex), a PMN ligand for endothelial P- and E-selectin, completely inhibited EC stimulation by adherent PMN. Changes in EC [Ca2+]i were also observed after adherence of peripheral blood monocytes to EC treated with LPS for 5 or 24 h. In these experiments, the combined addition of mAbs to sLex and VLA-4, the leukocyte counter-receptor for endothelial VCAM-1, inhibited [Ca2+]i changes in the 5 h–treated EC, whereas the anti–VLA-4 mAb alone was sufficient to inhibit [Ca2+]i changes in the 24 h-treated EC. Again, no inhibitory effect was observed with an anti-CD18 or anti–PECAM-1 mAb. Of note, the conditions that induced changes in EC [Ca2+]i, i.e., mAbs directed against endothelial selectins or VCAM-1, and PMN or monocyte adhesion to EC via selectins or VCAM-1, but not via ICAM-1 or PECAM-1, also induced a rearrangement of EC cytoskeletal microfilaments from a circumferential ring to stress fibers. We conclude that, in addition to their role as adhesion receptors, endothelial selectins and VCAM-1 mediate endothelial stimulation by adhering leukocytes.
Genetic relation in Capcicum annum [L.] cultivars through microsatellite markers: SSR and ISSR

Capsicum annum [L. ] is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in India. In order to assess the genetic relation, DNA from thirteen capsicum cultivars were screened using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. Five ISSR primers amplified 204 reproducible bands of which 139 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands detected by ISSR was 100%. The highest polymorphic bands obtained by the use of primers UBC-809(34) and UBC-66(53). A total of 1–5 alleles were detected by six SSR primers, with an average of two alleles per primer. The number of alleles per locus ranged one (ssrCAMS-811) to five (ssrCAMS-142). The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.27 (ssrCAMS-405) to 0.67 (ssrCAMS - 142). This study reveals the great importance of guaranteeing the differentiation of chilli cultivars and the application for certification purposes.
L-AP4 inhibits calcium currents and synaptic transmission via a G- protein-coupled glutamate receptor

The AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate) receptor is a presynaptic glutamate receptor that inhibits transmitter release via an unknown mechanism. We examined the action of L-AP4 on voltage-dependent calcium currents and excitatory synaptic transmission on cultured olfactory bulb neurons using whole-cell voltage-clamp methods. In neurons dialyzed with GTP, L-AP4 inhibited high-threshold calcium currents evoked in barium solutions. The inhibition was irreversible in the presence of GTP-gamma-S and blocked by removing intracellular Mg2+ or by preincubation with pertussis toxin (PTX), consistent with the involvement of a PTX-sensitive G-protein. Dialysis with staurosporine or buffering of intracellular calcium to pCa less than 8 did not block the action of L-AP4, suggesting that protein phosphorylation or release of intracellular calcium stores was not involved in calcium current inhibition under these experimental conditions. PTX also blocked the L- AP4-induced inhibition of monosynaptic EPSPs evoked by intracellular stimulation of cultured mitral cells. These results suggest that the presynaptic AP4 receptor is a G-protein-coupled glutamate receptor, and that inhibition of calcium influx by a membrane-delimited action of a G- protein may account for L-AP4-induced presynaptic inhibition.
Application of normalized Laplacian spectra for multicast routing evaluations

The multiplicity of the eigenvalue 1 (ME1) and the weighted spectral distribution (WSD), i.e., two weakly-related metrics defined on the normalized Laplacian spectrum, capture the size-independent features of the Internet structure. In this paper, we evaluate the multicast routing protocol in the size-independent Internet structure, and numerically find that the protocol indexes tend to stable as the network size increases if the normalized Laplacian spectrum of the network topology is asymptotically independent of the network size. The real-world Internet topology evolves (i.e., the network size increases) over time, which indicates that the protocol should be evaluated in the size-independent network structure. Our studies provide a specific application of the normalized Laplacian spectrum, which verifies that the size-independent structure captured by the spectrum is useful for the evaluation of network protocols.
WILD UNGULATE DEPREDATION ON WINTER WHEAT: EFFECTS ON GRAIN YIELD

The effects of big game grazing of winter wheat on grain yield were studied during 12 trials in northern Utah between 1990-92. Differences in yield were measured for each trial using 20 sets of 1-m plots protected and variously grazed by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus) in a randomized block design along the edges of sampled fields. Plots were hand cut at the beginning of commercial harvest. Grazing impacts were indexed by nighttime counts of game animals, pellet-group counts, and ocular estimates of percent track cover and forage use between protected and grazed plots. Results indicated that ungulate foraging in these trials did not significantly decrease grain yields despite high utilization percentages on wheat leaves in fall and early spring. Pages 51-55 in R.E. Masters and J.G. Huggins, eds. Twelfth Great Plains Wildl. Damage Control Workshop Proc, Published by Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Okla.
Parent reports of wayfinding by their children with Down syndrome

ABSTRACT Background: Navigating the environment, or wayfinding, is integral to independent living. Laboratory studies have consistently indicated an impairment in wayfinding in people with Down syndrome (DS). However, very little is known regarding their real-life wayfinding abilities. Method: Eighty-six parents of children with DS completed an online survey on their children’s wayfinding behaviours and their own feelings and expectations about their children’s wayfinding. Results: Parents reported their children had few wayfinding skills, yet much confidence in their own abilities. Many parents had taught/planned to teach their children wayfinding skills. Parents also expressed concerns over their children’s independent wayfinding. Parents teaching wayfinding and parents’ concern predicted their assessment of their children’s wayfinding competence and knowledge. Children’s age and sex, as well as parents’ concerns predicted assessment of children’s confidence in wayfinding. Conclusions: Our results identified key factors related to wayfinding behaviours in people with DS. Parental factors are especially important in predicting their children’s wayfinding behaviour.
PIOID-INDUCED TOLERANCE AND YPERALGESIA : TWO SIDES OF THE AME COIN ?

pioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia are conditions that egatively affect pain management. Tolerance is defined as a state of daptation in which exposure to a drug induces changes that result in decrease of the drug’s effects over time. Opioid-induced hyperalgeia occurs when prolonged administration of opioids results in a aradoxic increase in atypical pain that appears to be unrelated to he original nociceptive stimulus. Complex intracellular neural mechnisms, including opioid receptor desensitization and down-regulaion, are believed to be major mechanisms underlying opioid tolernce. Pain facilitatory mechanisms in the central nervous system are nown to contribute to opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Recent research ndicates that there may be overlap in the two conditions. This article eviews known and hypothesized pathophysiologic mechanisms surounding these phenomena and the clinical implications for pain
Career Pathway Experiences of Three Female School Superintendents: A Phenomenology

Women represent 75 to 80 percent of the teachers across the U.S. (Glass, 1992), and the percentage of female superintendents is not in alignment with the female workforce. Research indicates that the career pathways of male and fem ale superintendents differ. While male superintendents often have a sequential pathw ay to a superintendency, women tend to take more of a labyrinth type of pathway resulti ng in a longer, indirect path to the superintendent position (Eagly and Carli 2007). This study examined the career pathways of female superintendents, and the support needed to increase gender equity for the superintendency. This dissertation examines the career pathways of three superintendents in a Southwestern state of the United States. Standpoint theory framed the identification of female superintendents as a phenom eno , and qualitative interviews elicited the voices of the female superintende nts. The results of this study were somewhat surprising. The female superint ende s had similar career pathways as male superintendents, had male mentors, wer e not intentional about the superintendency, and perceived themselves as innovative. The linea r pathways of these female superintendents contradict earlier research, and the ir self identification as innovators gives them an identity that is focused around a need. T his research provides insight into how to support women in their pathways toward the superintendency.
International Conference on Information Systems ( ICIS ) 1-1-2010 MANAGING USER RESISTANCE TO OPEN SOURCE MIGRATION

A large amount of resources and effort have been devoted to the development of open source software like Linux. The development of Linux as the most well-known open source software with graphical user interface and useful functionalities is expected to result in the high level of Linux adoption by individual users based on the technology adoption model. However, Linux has about one percent of the operating systems market for personal computers. User resistance to switch remains one of the major obstacles in any successful open source migration. Based on the integration of equity implementation model and technology adoption model, this study examines how users form their resistance and the effect of user resistance on the adoption of Linux by individual users for their personal computers. The findings show that the adoption intention is negatively influenced by user resistance to switch. This study discusses the role and effect of user resistance to switch based on the equity implementation model in comparison with the two main determinants of technology adoption. This study contributes toward advancing theoretical understanding of OSS migration and user resistance. The findings also offer OSS community and practitioners suggestion for promoting the use of OSS by individual users.
Transaction signing in applications using identity federation

Many applications require users to express their consent when executing transactions on the Web. Transaction signing with passwords is by far the most common mechanism for providing such consent. An application that uses identity federation may not share a password with the user and, therefore, cannot engage in a password-based signing protocol. In this paper we propose a protocol that does not require users to share their passwords with applications (service providers) but only relies on passwords shared between users and their identity providers.
Re-meshing techniques for topological analysis

A method for the extraction of the extended Reeb graph (ERG) from a closed 3D triangular mesh is presented. The ERG encodes the relationships among critical points of the height function associated to the mesh, and it can represent isolated as well as degenerate critical points. The extraction process is based on a re-meshing strategy of the original mesh, which is forced to follow contour levels. The occurrence and configuration of flat areas in the re-triangulated model identify critical areas of the shape, and their relationships allow the reconstruction of the global topological structure of the shape.