Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations between Depression, Employment, and Relationship Status During the Transition into the Workforce: A Gendered Phenomenon?

This study involved an examination of the associations among self-reported depressive symptoms, two aspects of quality of employment, and romantic relationship status in emerging adults transitioning into the workforce. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted on a sample of 586 men and 518 women drawn from the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. The analyses revealed that employment satisfaction is negatively associated with depressive symptoms, with the strength of association being stronger for women than men. In contrast, no significant associations were found for being employed in a position that was consistent with one’s aspirations or romantic relationship status.
“Hour‐glass” shape of the uterus in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical pregnancy

This study attempts to point out the importance of the anatomo‐clinical finding of an “hour‐glass” shape to the uterus in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical pregnancy. From 1973 to 2001, four cases of cervical pregnancy were treated in the 2nd Obstetrical and Gynecological Clinic of the Aristotelion University of Salonica. The incidence was 1:13,111 pregnancies (4 cervical in 52,446 pregnancies). Three of the patients underwent bilateral ligation of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery using absorbable ligatures. The fourth patient (a 42‐year‐old), elected to have a hysterectomy. All patients were well and discharged from hospital on the seventh postoperative day. Two of the three patients treated by ligation of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac arteries subsequently had normal pregnancies and deliveries. We lost contact with the third patient. The finding of an “hour‐glass” uterine shape was very helpful in the diagnosis of cervical pregnancy. The Aristotelion University of Salonica has found that treatment by ligation of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac arteries is effective, causes no complications, never ends in hysterectomy, and maintains the normal menstrual cycles and reproductive ability of the woman. Clin. Anat. 17:658–661, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluating Name-Matching for Coreference Resolution

In this paper we describe experiments aimed at improving matching techniques for the Coreference Resolution task. Combining algorithms proposed in the literature with our own solutions, we run machine learning experiments and evaluate extensively different features and feature combinations to find the best settings. These settings do not only show good performance for English data, but should also be easily adjustable to cover other languages.
Speech to speech translation system for monologues-data driven approach

This paper describes ongoing research on a Japanese-to-English speech-to-speech translation system for “controlled monologue", such as TV news and commentary programs in which the speaking styles are controlled as a monologue. We have adopted the data-driven approach since the TV programs in question cover a wide range of topics, and because it seems much too labor intensive to handcraft translation rules. The approach therefore requires a gigantic parallel corpus for the target domain, although the absolute size needed is not so easy to obtain. There are also difficulties inherent in monologue such as the need to handle long sentences, averaging over 25 words, and the realization of simultaneity. These problems are presented in the light of our available corpora and we go on to present the kinds of problems we have to solve. Finally, we present our prospective system architecture and introduce the present status of the work.
Return of the Trojan horse: intracellular phenotype switching and immune evasion by Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants (SCVs), which are characterized by slow growth and a range of morphological and metabolic changes including altered antibiotic resistance profiles, have been studied for several decades. This Closeup highlights findings described in this issue of EMBO Molecular Medicine by Tuchscherr et al ( 2011 ), who present strong evidence that SCVs can arise in chronic infection models when S. aureus is internalized in non‐professional phagocytes and survives intracellularly. As the intracellular residency time increases, the proportion of SCVs grows and the host cell inflammatory response diminishes. The study suggests that this mode of phenotype switching is an essential feature of the S. aureus infection process and can explain an underlying cause of chronic and relapsing infections.
Transgenic Expression of a Human Polyreactive Ig Expressed in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Generates Memory-Type B Cells That Respond to Nonspecific Immune Activation1

We generated transgenic mice, designated SMI, expressing unmutated H and L chain Ig genes encoding a low-affinity, polyreactive human (h)IgM/κ rheumatoid factor. These animals were compared with control AB29 transgenic mice expressing a hIgM/κ rheumatoid factor specific for human IgG, with no detectable reactivity with mouse proteins. SMI B cells expressed significantly lower levels of surface hIgM/κ than did the B cells of AB29 mice, but still could be induced to proliferate by surface Ig cross-linking in vitro and could be deleted with anti-Id mAb in vivo. Transgene-expressing B cells of AB29 mice had a B-2 phenotype and were located in the primary follicle. In contrast, a relatively high proportion of hIgM-expressing B cells of SMI mice had the phenotype of B-1 B cells in the peritoneum or marginal zone B cells in the spleen, where they were located in the periarteriolar sheath, marginal zone, and interfollicular areas that typically are populated by memory-type B cells. Although the relative proportions of transgene-expressing B cells in both types of transgenic mice declined with aging, SMI mice experienced progressive increases in the serum levels of IgM transgene protein over time. Finally, SMI transgene-expressing B cells, but not AB29 transgene-expressing B cells, were induced to secrete Ab when cultured with alloreactive T cells. These results indicate that expression of polyreactive autoantibodies can allow for development of B cells that are neither deleted nor rendered anergic, but instead have a phenotype of memory-type or Ag-experienced B cells that respond to nonspecific immune activation.
EDL: A Framework for Entity Disambiguation and Linking to Knowledgebases

Extraction and integration of entities from textual data and linking them to knowledgebases (for further information or processing) is useful for many applications in natural language processing. However, a major problem in this process is disambiguation, named entities might refer to different things. In this work, we propose a novel method to disambiguate named entities. Our method is a combination of search engine results and knowledgebase repository mining results. We obtained 84% correct disambiguation rates with the data sets we used.
Catechin, a green tea component, rapidly induces apoptosis of myeloid leukemic cells via modulation of reactive oxygen species production in vitro and inhibits tumor growth in vivo.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of green tea polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a novel therapeutic agent for the patients with myeloid leukemia. DESIGN AND METHODS We investigated the effects of EGCG on the induction of apoptosis in leukemic cells in vitro and in vivo. We further examined the molecular mechanisms of EGCG-induced apoptosis in myeloid leukemic cells. RESULTS EGCG rapidly induced apoptotic cell death in retinoic acid (RA)-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), UF-1 cells within 3 h. EGCG induced apoptosis in UF-1 cells was in association with the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (Deltapsim) and activation of caspase-3 and -9. Elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was also demonstrated during EGCG-induced apoptosis of UF-1 as well as fresh myeloid leukemic cells. In NOD/SCID mice transplanted with UF-1 cells, EGCG effectively inhibited tumor growth in vivo, and the number of mitoses among the cells significantly decreased in comparison to that of control mouse cells. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS In summary, EGCG has potential as a novel therapeutic agent for myeloid leukemia via induction of apoptosis mediated by modification of the redox system.
Integrin α2β1 Mediates Isoform-Specific Activation of p38 and Upregulation of Collagen Gene Transcription by a Mechanism Involving the α2 Cytoplasmic Tail

Two collagen receptors, integrins α1β1 and α2β1, can regulate distinct functions in cells. Ligation of α1β1, unlike α2β1, has been shown to result in recruitment of Shc and activation of the Ras/ERK pathway. To identify the downstream signaling molecules activated by α2β1 integrin, we have overexpressed wild-type α2, or chimeric α2 subunit with α1 integrin cytoplasmic domain in human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2) lacking endogenous α2β1. The chimeric α2/α1 chain formed a functional heterodimer with β1. In contrast to α2/α1 chimera, forced expression of α2 integrin resulted in upregulation of α1 (I) collagen gene transcription in response to three-dimensional collagen, indicating that the cytoplasmic domain of α2 integrin was required for signaling. Furthermore, signals mediated by α2β1 integrin specifically activated the p38α isoform, and selective p38 inhibitors blocked upregulation of collagen gene transcription. Dominant negative mutants of Cdc42, MKK3, and MKK4 prevented α2β1 integrin–mediated activation of p38α. RhoA had also some inhibitory effect, whereas dominant negative Rac was not effective. Our findings show the isoform-specific activation of p38 by α2β1 integrin ligation and identify Cdc42, MKK3, and MKK4 as possible downstream effectors. These observations reveal a novel signaling mechanism of α2β1 integrin that is distinct from ones previously described for other integrins.
Recent developments and rationale towards new strategies for malarial chemotherapy.

The major problem facing world research for new antimalarials lies in encountered difficulties in the search for new promising paths. The past 20 years have witnessed a very impressive increase in our understanding of the biochemistry and molecular biology of malaria parasites, with attention focused on specific parasite molecules that are keys to the parasite life cycle or the induction of its pathogenesis. Directed pharmacology research has involved the identification and characterization of targets that can be specifically pharmacologically affected, including the replicating machinery of the parasites, various metabolisms such as the purine salvage pathway, and biosynthesis of pyrimidines or phospholipids. Protease inhibitors (e.g. those degrading haemoglobin), the use of iron chelators or inhibition of heme polymerization, induction of oxidative stress or inhibition of antioxidant enzymes are also investigated. Some pathways have already been validated with current antimalarials but, due to the development of resistance, complete characterization of the molecular structure of the target should allow attack of these exceptional molecules at novel and distinct sites with new drug concepts. The problem in the quest to develop new antimalarials is the fact that the results are not being materialized, but there is no lack of pharmacological targets.
Zepp, a LINE‐like retrotransposon accumulated in the Chlorella telomeric region

Six copies of insertion elements accumulate in the subtelomeric region immediately proximal to the telomeric repeats on Chlorella chromosome I. The elements, designated Zepps, bear the characteristic features of non‐viral (LINE‐like) retrotransposons, including a poly(A) tail, 5′‐truncations, a retroviral reverse transcriptase‐like ORF and flanking target duplications. Detailed sequence analysis of the Chlorella subtelomeric region revealed a novel mechanism of Zepp transposition; successive insertions of each Zepp element into another Zepp as a target, leaving a tandem array of their 3′‐regions with poly(A) tracts facing toward the centromere. Only the most distal Zepp copy was inverted to connect its poly(A) tail with the telomeric repeats. A similar Zepp cluster but without the telomeric repeats was also found at the terminus of another Chlorella chromosome. These structures contrast with that proposed for the addition of HeT‐A and TART elements to Drosophila telomeres. Expression of Zepp elements is induced by heat shock treatment. Possible roles of the subtelomeric retrotransposons in formation and maintenance of telomeres are discussed.
Circuit Models of Carbon-Based Interconnects for Nanopackaging

This paper proposes an equivalent circuital model to describe the electrical propagation along nanoscale interconnects, made either by carbon nanotubes or graphene nanoribbons. The circuital models are derived from an electrodynamical model for the transport of conduction electrons, and are expressed in the frame of the classical transmission line theory. The per-unit-length parameters, despite their simple expressions, retain the main phenomena occurring at nanoscale, such as the kinetic and quantum effects. In addition, the circuit parameters are expressed as functions of the temperature and the transverse size of the interconnect, thus allowing a qualitative and quantitative analysis of their impact in the electrical performance of the interconnects. The models are used to study some challenging problems in nanopackaging, such as the degradation of electrical performance due to self-heating and the high-frequency current crowding problem because of the skin-effect. Interconnects and vias are analyzed, referring to the 14-nm technology node.
An efficient red eye reduction technique

Automatic Red Eye Reduction (RER) technique is one of the essential components for imaging device with flash. We present an efficient RER technique that performs red eye detection followed by a verification procedure and an artifact free red eye correction method. The integral projection based method of red eye detection is fast and efficient in handling wide range of variations in pose, scale, and image quality. To reduce the false positives a novel verification method is used. Finally a simple color correction technique followed by a gaussian smoothing is shown to provide a natural looking red eye correction. To reduce the computational complexity, red eye detection is performed on low resolution image and map them efficiently to high resolution image. The proposed method has been compared with state-of-the-art commercial solution and it is found have better RER accuracy. The overall solution is computational cost effective which makes it feasible for use in low power imaging devices.
Long-read sequencing of the coffee bean transcriptome reveals the diversity of full-length transcripts

Abstract Polyploidization contributes to the complexity of gene expression, resulting in numerous related but different transcripts. This study explored the transcriptome diversity and complexity of the tetraploid Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) bean. Long-read sequencing (LRS) by Pacbio Isoform sequencing (Iso-seq) was used to obtain full-length transcripts without the difficulty and uncertainty of assembly required for reads from short-read technologies. The tetraploid transcriptome was annotated and compared with data from the sub-genome progenitors. Caffeine and sucrose genes were targeted for case analysis. An isoform-level tetraploid coffee bean reference transcriptome with 95 995 distinct transcripts (average 3236 bp) was obtained. A total of 88 715 sequences (92.42%) were annotated with BLASTx against NCBI non-redundant plant proteins, including 34 719 high-quality annotations. Further BLASTn analysis against NCBI non-redundant nucleotide sequences, Coffea canephora coding sequences with UTR, C. arabica ESTs, and Rfam resulted in 1213 sequences without hits, were potential novel genes in coffee. Longer UTRs were captured, especially in the 5΄UTRs, facilitating the identification of upstream open reading frames. The LRS also revealed more and longer transcript variants in key caffeine and sucrose metabolism genes from this polyploid genome. Long sequences (>10 kilo base) were poorly annotated. LRS technology shows the limitation of previous studies. It provides an important tool to produce a reference transcriptome including more of the diversity of full-length transcripts to help understand the biology and support the genetic improvement of polyploid species such as coffee.
A review on Deep Learning approaches in Speaker Identification

Deep learning (DL) is becoming an increasingly interesting and powerful machine learning method with successful applications in many domains, such as natural language processing, image recognition, hand-written character recognition, and computer vision. Despite of its eminent success, limitations of traditional learning approach may still prevent deep learning from achieving a wide range of realistic learning tasks. DL approaches has shown success in speech recognition and speaker identification over traditional approaches such as those that use Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients for feature extraction with Gaussian Mixture Models. However, speaker identification research community are not fully aware of the DL process and its application with respect to speaker identification. This paper is motivated to reduce this knowledge gap and to promote the research of implementing deep learning techniques for speaker identification. In this paper, we present a review of the DL methodologies used for speaker identification and surveys important DL algorithms that can potentially be explored for future works. We categorised the applications of DL for speaker identification according to the process of speaker identification and presented a review of these implementations.
Involvement of aminopeptidase N in enhanced chemosensitivity to paclitaxel in ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo

Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13), a 150‐kDa metalloproteinase, is a multifunctional cell surface aminopeptidase with ubiquitous expression. Recent studies have suggested that APN/CD13 plays an important role in tumor progression in several human malignancies. In the current study, we investigated the role of APN/CD13 in paclitaxel (PAC)‐resistance of ovarian carcinoma (OVCA) cells. We first examined the correlation between APN/CD13 expression and IC50 values of PAC in a variety of OVCA cell lines. Next we investigated whether suppression of APN/CD13 using bestatin, an inhibitor of APN/CD13 activity or the siRNA technique influenced PAC‐sensitivity in ES‐2 cells, which highly express APN/CD13. Moreover, we investigated the effect of bestatin on peritoneal metastasis using nude mice. We found a negative correlation between APN/CD13 expression and chemosensitivity to PAC in various carcinoma cell lines. Subsequently, we found a significant increase in PAC‐sensitivity of APN/CD13 expressing OVCA cells by suppression of this enzyme, using the addition of bestatin or the siRNA technique. Furthermore, in a peritoneal metastasis model using nude mice, combination treatment with PAC and bestatin caused a synergistic increase of survival time compared with PAC alone treatment. (mean survival time: 37.7 ± 7.0 s and 27.1 ± 6.6 days, respectively). The present findings showed that APN/CD13 may be involved in decreased sensitivity to PAC in OVCA cells and that the mechanism of this effect involves its enzyme activity at least in part. APN/CD13 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of OVCA in combination with chemotherapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Detection of corrupted schema mappings in XML data integration systems

In modern data integration scenarios, many remote data sources are located on the Web and are accessible only through forms or Web services, and no guarantee is given about their stability. In these contexts the detection of corrupted mappings, as a consequence of a change in the source or in the target schema, is a key problem. A corrupted mapping fails in matching the target or the source schema, hence it is not able to transform data conforming to a schema S into data conforming to a schema T, nor it can be used for effective query reformulation. This article describes a novel technique for maintaining schema mappings in XML data integration systems, based on a notion of mapping correctness relying on the denotational semantics of mappings.
Imagery and Endurance: Does Imagery Impair Performance by Depleting Self-Control Strength?

Abstract Although mental imagery has been shown to have beneficial effects on performance, imagery has been shown to negatively affect physical performances under some conditions. The limited strength model of self-regulation posits that self-control strength is depleted when people regulate their thoughts, impulses, emotions, and behaviours. Research shows depletion of self-control strength in one task domain (e.g., controlling thoughts or images) leads to poorer self-control within similar and dissimilar domains (e.g., controlling physical endurance). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the aftereffects of performing mental imagery on two self-control tasks, physical endurance and response inhibition. Sedentary undergraduates (N = 37) were randomly assigned to either an imagery condition (n = 15), attention-placebo condition (n = 13), or a quiet rest control (n = 9). Participants performed two isometric endurance tasks (30% of maximum handgrip squeeze) separated by their respective study manipulation, and followed by the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST). It was expected that participants in the mental imagery condition would show greater decrements in performance on the second endurance trial (when compared to baseline) and more perseverative errors on the WCST compared to the control conditions. All of the participants’ endurance performances declined over time (p < .05), however, no between group differences were found on endurance performances (p > .05) or on WCST scores (p > .05). Performing a basic 6 minute imagery session involving moderately-intense aerobic exercise does not appear to deplete self-control resources when compared to the attention-placebo and quiet rest control groups. However, the unanticipated decline in the endurance performances observed within the control conditions suggests that future research is needed to better understand the relationship between mental imagery and self-control depletion effects.
An improved scaled gradient projection (ISGP) for astronomical images restruction

With regard to ground-based astronomy observations, due to the interference of atmospheric turbulence, noise and other factors, the observed images are degraded, which makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution astronomical images. In such case, astronomical image restoration is essential. Of all the image deconvolution algorithms, the one based on scaled gradient projection (SGP) is highly effective while equipping a high precision and a fast convergence. But the SGP algorithm requires an accurate point spread function (PSF) estimation as a prerequisite, which limits the application flexibility of SGP. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, influences of different PSFs on SGP are analyzed and an improved SGP algorithm combined with PSF estimation is proposed. Furthermore, so as to analyze the performance, the developed algorithm is placed in the system which includes all approaches of image processing. Simulation results show that the PSF estimation and the improved algorithm gain brilliant performance on astronomical image restoration.