Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human monoclonal single‐chain antibodies specific to dengue virus envelope protein

Dengue virus (DENV) infection is an arthropod‐borne disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Attempts have been made to develop therapeutic molecules for treatment for DENV infection. However, most of potentially therapeutic DENV monoclonal antibody was originated from mouse, which could cause undesirable effects in human recipients. Thus, fully human antibody is preferable for therapeutic development. Human single‐chain variable fragments (HuScFv) with inhibitory effect to DENV infection were generated in this study. HuScFv molecules were screened and selected from the human antibody phage display library by using purified recombinant DENV full‐length envelope (FL‐E) and its domain III (EDIII) proteins as target antigens for biopanning. HuScFv molecules were then tested for their bindings to DENV particles by indirect ELISA and immunofluorescent microscopy. EDIII‐specific HuScFv exhibited neutralizing effect to DENV infection in Vero cells in a dose‐dependent manner as determined by plaque formation and cell ELISA. Epitope mapping and molecular docking results concordantly revealed interaction of HuScFv to functional loop structure in EDIII of the DENV E protein. The neutralizing HuScFv molecule warrants further development as a therapeutic biomolecule for DENV infection.
Durchführung standardisierter Fahrverhaltensbeobachtungen im Rahmen der medizinisch-psychologischen Untersuchung (MPU)

Bei der Beurteilung der Fahreignung spielt die Bewertung der Leistungsfahigkeit gegenuber der Ursachenanalyse und der Veranderungsdiagnostik von Einstellung und Verhalten haufig zwar eine nur untergeordnete Rolle. Die Uberprufung der Leistungsmoglichkeiten gerat jedoch zunehmend in die fachliche Diskussion (vgl. Brenner-Hartmann u. Bukasa, 2001) und gewinnt dank der Aufnahme des Kap. 2.5 in die Begutachtungs-Leitlinien (Bundesanstalt fur Strasenwesen, 2000) als ursprunglich psychologisches Anwendungsgebiet in der Fahreignungsdiagnostik an Bedeutung. Mit einer regelmasigen Uberprufung der verkehrsrelevanten Leistungsbereiche ist allein aus statistischen Uberlegungen heraus auch eine erhebliche Zahl an auffalligen Befunden zu erwarten. Es kann dabei als hinreichend bekannt angesehen werden, dass durch angemessene Kompensationsstrategien auch mit einem reduzierten Leistungsvermogen eine sichere Verkehrsteilnahme moglich ist (vgl. z. B. Maag, 1995, Weinand, 1997). Die Begutachtungs-Leitlinien zur Kraftfahrereignung sehen deshalb in Kap. 2.5 auch vor, dass ein Klient, der in den Leistungsprufverfahren insgesamt unzureichende Leistungen erzielt hat, durch eine Fahrverhaltensprobe nachweisen kann, dass sich die in der (ungewohnten) Testsituation festgestellten Minderleistungen auf das gelernte Fahrverhalten nicht entscheidend negativ auswirken. Diese Fahrverhaltensprobe ist durch den psychologischen Gutachter vorzunehmen.
A Fuzzy Multi-objective Optimization Evolutionary Algorithm Incorporating Preference Information

A multi-objective evolutionary algorithm incorporating preference information is proposed. The algorithm uses a new nine grade evaluation method to convert the linguistic preferences expressed by the decision maker to the importance factor of each objective. A new outranking relation called “strength superior” based on the preference information is constructed via a fuzzy inference system to compare individuals instead of the commonly used Pareto dominance relation. Simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Law, Medicine, and Wealth: Does Concierge Medicine Promote Health Care Choice or is it a Barrier to Access?

Many primary care physicians are unhappy with patient panels in excess of 3000, increased administrative requirements, reduced reimbursement rates, and other earmarks of managed care. Concierge medicine is a new form of medical practice that allows physicians to reduce their patient load to perhaps 300 or less, in order to spend more time with each patient and increase their incomes at the same time. In one model, the physician accomplishes this by charging patients a monthly fee that varies from a few hundred to over a thousand dollars, for which the patient is allowed to access the medical services of the physician. The fee covers special attention from the physician and a list of amenities not usually covered by insurance, while the patients remain responsible for their medical bills. The dark side of concierge medicine is that thousands of patients unable to pay the fee no longer have access to their physician, and must find a new physician in a market with increasingly fewer primary care physicians available. Because wealthier patients are often healthier, concierge medicine may also require those physicians remaining within the system to absorb the sicker patients. Medicare patients in particular may be disproportionately affected. This presentation briefly reviews state and federal laws that may impede this new practice form, as well as its ethical implications. More importantly, this presentation focuses on the potential negative effects of concierge medicine on access to health care. It concludes that, although physicians may provide, and wealthy persons may receive, medical care as they wish (or as the market will bear), private insurers should exclude concierge physicians from their networks and physicians should be prohibited from charging Medicare patients access fees.
Additive Dirichlet models for projectional images

An important difference between projection images such as x-rays and natural images is that the intensity at a single pixel in a projection image comprises information from all objects between the source and detector. In order to exploit this information, a Dirichlet mixture of Gaussian distributions is used to model the intensity function forming the projection image. The model requires initial seeding of Gaussians and uses the EM (estimation maximisation) algorithm to arrive at a final model. The resulting models are shown to be robust with respect to the number and positions of the Gaussians used to seed the algorithm. As an example, a screening mammogram is modelled as the Dirichlet sum of Gaussians suggesting possible application to early detection of breast cancer.
Psychological and Cognitive Assessment of Indigenous Australians

Objective: The aim of the present review was to evaluate the psychological and cognitive assessments that have been considered suitable for Indigenous Australians. This will provide a basis from which future developments can occur, leading to improved mental health services for Indigenous Australians. Method: Literature searches of key health science databases were conducted using the following search terms in various combinations: Indigenous, Aboriginal, cognitive, assessment, mental health, social emotional well-being, psychological, Australian. Psychological, mental health or social and emotional well-being assessments as well as cognitive assessments that have been utilized and found suitable in Indigenous Australian populations were reviewed. Results: A limited number of assessments were found and discussed and these varied in their applications. Conclusions: Further research and development is necessary to establish a national approach to assessing or screening mental health and cognitive function among Indigenous Australians. This is an important and necessary step to improve mental health and related services for Indigenous Australians.
Conoscopic laser microprofilometry for 3D digital reconstruction of surfaces with sub-millimeter resolution

The importance of digitalizing not only the shape of the objects but its surface is sometimes neglected. Acquiring the surface profile is instead an important step for monitoring and digitalizing art-works and archaeological artifacts and also for retrieving useful information to attempt to reconstruct digitally the original surface. In order to achieve this goal, high resolution instruments must be implemented. In this paper, the capability of a newly developed laser conoscopic microprofilometry system to acquire 3D surfaces with a sub-millimeter resolution is shown. A roman coin dated 9 B.C. has been acquired with a spatial sampling of 20 microns, and a bronze high-relief with a spatial sampling of 100 microns with the purpose of high-fidelity surface reconstruction.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and EPR Studies of the Five-Coordinate [CuCl(3)(H(2)O)(2)](-) Complex in (dabcoH(2))(2)Cl(3)[CuCl(3)(H(2)O)(2)].H(2)O.

The compound (dabcoH(2))(2)Cl(3)[CuCl(3)(H(2)O)(2)]. H(2)O, where dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2. 2]octane, has been synthesized, its structure has been determined by single-crystal structural analysis, and its properties have been investigated by powder and single-crystal EPR spectroscopy. The compound crystallizes in space group Pnma at room temperature with unit cell dimensions of a = 15.227(1) Å, b = 7.467(1) Å, and c = 20.166(2) Å with Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined by full-matrix least-squares to R = 4.3% for 1681 observed reflections (I > 2sigma(I)). The [CuCl(3)(H(2)O)(2)](-) anion exists with a slightly distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry in which the three Cl atoms lie in equatorial positions and the two water molecules are in axial positions. The distortion appears to be driven by the presence of N-H.Cl hydrogen bonds. The EPR spectra are also consistent with the presence of only a small distortion from trigonal bipyramidal geometry since g(1) approximately g(2) > g(3) approximately 2.0. Analysis of the geometry indicates the distortion consists primarily of a "negative" C(2)(v)() type. Analysis of the thermal parameters supports the supposition that the observed geometry corresponds to disorder over two "positive" C(2)(v)() distortions.
Public Commitment, Resistance to Advertising, and Leisure Promotion in a School-Based Drug Abuse Prevention Program: A Component Dismantling Study

The objective of the present study was to examine the contribution of three intervention components (public commitment, resistance to advertising, and leisure promotion) on alcohol and protective variables in a school-based substance use prevention program. Participants included 480 Spanish students aged from 14 to 16 who received the Saluda prevention program in one of the following five experimental conditions: complete program, program minus public commitment, program minus resistance to advertising, program minus leisure promotion, and a waiting-list control. The students completed self-report surveys at pretest, posttest, and 6-month follow-up assessments. When excluding the healthy leisure promotion component, the Saluda program showed no loss of efficacy neither on alcohol use nor on other substance-related variables, while public commitment and resistance to advertising improved the aforementioned program's efficacy.
Mandibular lateral incisor-canine transposition, concomitant dental anomalies, and genetic control.

Mandibular lateral incisor-canine (Mn.I2.C) transposition is a rare developmental disturbance of tooth order characterized by positional interchange of the two teeth. In children with Mn.I2. C anomaly, the mandibular lateral incisor shows distal ectopic eruption and the adjacent canine subsequently erupts mesial to it. A sample of 60 orthodontic patients with Mn.I2. C transposition was studied using roentgenograms taken at the time of diagnosis. Two age-related phenotypes of the anomaly were identified: early-stage (median age, 9 years) and mature-stage (median age, 12 years). Mn.I2. C transposition occurred bilaterally in 10 subjects (17%) and favored female expression (sex ratio, M1:F3) and right-side occurrence (68% of unilateral cases). Statistically significant associations were found between Mn.I2. C transposition and increased frequency of tooth agenesis (M3, p < 0.01; MnP2, p < 0.01) and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors (p < 0.0001). The results from this study and the analysis of 50 previously published cases provide evidence that Mn.I2. C transposition is a disturbance of tooth order and eruptive position probably caused by genetic influences. The Mn.I2. C anomaly likely results from genetic mechanisms similar to those responsible for occurrences of its associated dental anomalies, such as tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors. In an appendix, clinical orthodontic management of Mn.I2. C transposition is discussed, based on treatment data derived from the study sample.
Ontogenetic changes in the internal and external morphology of the ilium in modern humans

Trabecular architecture forms an important structural component of bone and, depending on the loading conditions encountered during life, is organised in a systematic, bone‐ and species‐specific manner. However, recent studies suggested that gross trabecular arrangement (e.g. density distribution), like overall bone shape, is predetermined and/or affected by factors other than loading and perhaps less plastic than commonly assumed. To explore this issue further, the present cross‐sectional ontogenetic study investigated morphological changes in external bone shape in relation to changes in trabecular bundle orientation and anisotropy. Radiographs of 73 modern human ilia were assessed using radiographic and Geometric Morphometric techniques. The study confirmed the apparently strong predetermination of trabecular bundle development, i.e. prior to external loading, although loading clearly also had an effect on overall morphology. For example, the sacro‐pubic bundle, which follows the path of load transmission from the auricular surface to the acetabulum, is well defined and shows relatively high levels of anisotropy from early stages of development; the situation for the ischio‐iliac strut is similar. However, while the sacro‐pubic strut retains a constant relationship with the external landmarks defining the joint surfaces, the ischio‐iliac bundle changes its relationship with the external landmarks and becomes aligned with the iliac tubercle only during late adolescence/early adulthood. It is tentatively proposed that the rearrangement of the ischio‐iliac strut may reflect a change in locomotor pattern and/or a shift in positional behavior with increasing mass after growth of external bone dimensions has slowed/ceased.
Describing Prostate Cancer Dynamics: Second Look at PSA- Doubling Time and PSA-Specific Growth Rate

Physicians responsible for patient care focus on readily available clinical and trending labo‐ ratory data to help direct the patient’s clinical course and evaluate efficacy of therapy. Most clinicians fail to incorporate newer parameters of tumor response such as tumor growth rate when evaluating patient treatment response. Available now, is a wealth of dynamic growth parameters that shed new light on tumor biology and should be used in clinical decisionmaking.
The impact of comorbid and sociodemographic factors on access to renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of sociodemographic factors and comorbid conditions on access to renal transplantation for adult US dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). DESIGN Cohort analytic study. Data on comorbid conditions at onset of ESRD were abstracted from patients' medical records and matched to sociodemographic and ESRD data from the United States Renal Data System database. SETTING United States Medicare dialysis population. PATIENTS Random, national sample of ESRD patients starting dialysis in 1986 and 1987 (n = 4118). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Time to first renal transplant (living or cadaver donor) since onset of ESRD regressed with two nested Cox proportional hazards models, first against sociodemographic factors alone, and then against sociodemographic factors and comorbid conditions. RESULTS Cardiovascular diseases are most predictive of who received a transplant; patients with coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, or left ventricular hypertrophy showed lower transplantation rates relative to patients without the disease (relative rate [RR] = 0.65 to 0.80, P < .05 each). Obese patients and patients with peripheral vascular disease also showed lower transplantation rates (RR = 0.65 to 0.75, P < .05 each). Previously reported sociodemographic effects of lower transplantation rates for older patients, women, nonwhite patients, and lower income patients were confirmed (P < .01). Sociodemographic effects remained essentially unchanged when adjusted for comorbid conditions. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that sociodemographics have strong independent effects on access to transplantation that cannot be explained away as "surrogate" effects related to comorbid factors. Furthermore, the results suggest that lower mortality rates for transplant recipients relative to dialysis patients are due, in part, to a healthier case mix among patients receiving transplants.
The role of a minor groove spine of hydration in stabilizing poly(dA).poly(dT) against fluctuational interbase H-bond disruption in the premelting temperature regime.

Experimental estimates of the premelting Adenine-Thymine base pair opening probability for some B-DNA sequences are two orders of magnitude smaller than those of other B-DNA sequences. The AT pairs in the sequence with smaller open probability seem to be those that have a well defined spine of hydration in the minor groove. We show that this spine of hydration can significantly enhance the thermal stability of the base pairs to which they are attached. The effect of this spine of hydration coupled with the possible stabilization effect contributed from neighboring GC pairs can explain the differences in the observed AT pair opening probability for different AT containing B-DNA sequences.
A 6 b 1.1 GSample/s CMOS A/D converter

High-speed ADCs are key elements in the read channel of optical and magnetic data storage systems. The required resolution is about 6 b while the sampling rate (Fs) and effective resolution bandwidth (ERBW) requirements increase with each generation of storage system. Sample rates up to 800 MSample/s have been reported with ERBW=200 MHz. The ADC presented here achieves a maximum sample rate of 1.1 GSample/s and an EBBW of 450 MHz. This result is obtained with full flash interpolating/averaging architecture with distributed track-and-hold (T/H) in a standard 0.35 μm single-poly five-metal 3.3 V digital CMOS process. Chip area is 0.35 mm/sup 2/ and power consumption is 300 mW.
International portfolio diversification: an ICAPM approach with currency risk

This article investigates international stock market integration in four major developed economies, namely the United States, the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union, Japan and the United Kingdom, and two Asian emerging, countries namely China and India, over the period from June 1994 to June 2009. To model stock market integration we estimate a dynamic version of the international capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in the absence of purchasing power parity. Conditional variance is modelled via a multivariate GARCH specification. To investigate the evolution of integration overtime we estimate the CAPM in sub-periods. In addition, we connect our results to the timing of world financial crises. Our findings show that the stock markets tend to move in parallel after June of 2002, although from 2002 to 2006 there have not been crises events. These results support the increasing globalization and interdependence of both emerging and developed markets in the recent decade, reducing the benefits of portfolio diversification.
In Vitro Activities of Voriconazole, Fluconazole, and Itraconazole against 566 Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans from the United States and Africa

ABSTRACT We investigated the in vitro activity of voriconazole compared to those of fluconazole and itraconazole against 566 clinical isolates ofCryptococcus neoformans from Africa (164) and the United States (402). Isolates were obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (362), blood (139), and miscellaneous sites (65). Voriconazole (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], 0.12 to 0.25 μg/ml) was more active than either itraconazole (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml) or fluconazole (MIC90, 8.0 to 16 μg/ml) against both African and U.S. isolates. Isolates inhibited by ≥16 μg of fluconazole per ml were almost all (99%) inhibited by ≤1 μg of voriconazole per ml. These results suggest that voriconazole may be useful in the treatment of cryptococcosis.
Incoherent Beam Combining of Continuous-Wave and Pulsed Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

We review the technique of incoherent beam combining and show experimentally the combination of four continuous wave fiber amplifiers to an average power of 2 kW and four pulsed 2 ns fiber amplifiers to an average power of 187 W (pulse energy 3.7 mJ) using binary dielectric gratings. The scaling potential and limitations are discussed in detail.
Prefrontal dysfunction and treatment response in geriatric depression.

BACKGROUND This study investigated the relationship of clinical, neuropsychological, and electrophysiological measures of prefrontal dysfunction with treatment response in elderly patients with major depression. METHODS Forty-nine depressed elderly subjects were studied before and after 6 weeks of adequate antidepressant treatment and compared with 22 psychiatrically normal controls. The psychomotor retardation item of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the initiation/perseveration subscore of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, and the latency of the P300 auditory evoked potential were used as indices of prefrontal dysfunction. The intensity of antidepressant drug treatment was classified and monitored for a 6-week period. RESULTS Abnormal initiation/perseveration score, psychomotor retardation, and long P300 latency predicted 58% of the variance in change of depression scores from baseline to 6 weeks (F3= 20.1, P<.001). Depressed patients who remained symptomatic (n = 25) had more abnormal initiation/perseveration scores and longer P300 latency compared with depressed patients who achieved remission (n = 24) and control subjects. There were no differences between the last 2 groups. The association between psychomotor retardation, initiation/perseveration scores, P300 latency, and response to antidepressant treatment could not be explained by differences in demographic and clinical characteristics or treatment intensity between remitted and nonremitted depressed patients. CONCLUSIONS Prefrontal dysfunction was associated with poor or delayed antidepressant response in depressed elderly patients. This observation, if confirmed, may aid clinicians in identifying candidates for aggressive somatic therapies and for interventions offering structure of daily activities.