Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le problème du Car Sequencing RENAULT et le Challenge ROADEF'2005

L'ordonnancement des vehicules sur les chaines de montage est une problematique ancienne et (NP-)difficle chez RENAULT : elle est traitee par une application d'optimisation (fondee sur le recuit simule) depuis 1993. Mais cette problematique a pris une acuite particuliere ces dernieres annees suite aux choix strategiques de l'entreprise (respect absolu en chaine de l'ordonnancement previsionnel), d'ou la volonte de RENAULT de presenter ce probleme au challenge ROADEF'2005 (Societe Francaise de Recherche Operationnelle et d'Aide a la Decision) pour explorer les algorithmes les plus prometteurs. Cet ordonnancement se distingue du probleme « classique » du Car Sequencing de la litterature dans la mesure ou il prend en compte a la fois les imperatifs d'espacement de vehicules complexes au montage et la necessite de constituer des rafales de couleur pour minimiser la consommation des solvants dans l'atelier peinture. Nous presentons dans cet article le probleme soumis aux candidats du challenge, ainsi qu'une analyse des methodes utilisees par les 27 equipes (un record de participation ! ). Nous evoquerons pour conclure les extensions au probleme, qui vont etre etudiees dans la suite du challenge.
Jonah: Experience Implementing PKIX Reference Freeware

IBM made a business decision to promote an open, secure, interoperable and integrateable environment by embracing the IETF's Public Key Infrastructure (X.509) standards, developing a reference implementation of the core set, and giving it away as freeware. We discuss the architecture of this reference code, emphasizing lessons learned from implementing the standards in an integrated PKI system.
Computer Use at an Archaeological Field Location

Abstract The investigation reported here tested the use of a computer to assist in an ongoing archaeological excavation and survey. To provide rapid computer results, a remote terminal at the site was connected by telephone service to a time-sharing computer some 300 miles distant. Techniques developed and evaluated ranged from initial program preparation and testing through evaluation of field procedures in an environment involving an interactive computer. The ability to generate requested information rapidly enough to aid in tactical decisions affecting field procedures on a daily basis was demonstrated.
An alternative carrier phase independent timing recovery methods for VSB receivers

In this paper, we propose an alternative carrier phase independent timing recovery method for VSB receivers. The Gardner algorithm may not estimate the timing offset in VSB systems when the residual carrier phase offset is contained in the signal. We use the conjugate multiplication of received signals to cancel the carrier phase offset. Then, the Gardner algorithm [1] is employed to extract the spectral line. The proposed method generates a consistent timing error, even in the presence of the carrier phase offset.
Dissection of Dependency A Crossdisciplinary Review

Life in the modern societies, principally in the Western world, has been demystified. This demystification process has caused the social structures like technology, to lose some of the charm they had during the early Industrialisation period. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become integral parts of our identity in the context of organizational and personal life; the dependence on technology blurs the line between real and virtual worlds. This paper attempts to bridge the gap in understanding our dependence on modern technology. An attempt has been made to dissect the humantechnology dependency to find out how technology is interpreted, it’s meaning in the modern world, and what are the working mechanisms that are feeding this dependency as it grows with the growth of ICTs. The paper concludes that there is neither a single source of dependency nor a root cause. Instead the answer lies deep within the mesh of social patterns and structure and how we interact with them. The dependency in question is much more a function of the properties people attribute to ICTs than of what an ICT can or cannot actually be made to do.
Advances in genomics of bony fish 145

In this review, we present an overview of the recent advances of genomic technologies applied to studies of fish species belonging to the superclass of Osteichthyes (bony fish) with a major emphasis on the infraclass of Teleostei, also called teleosts. This superclass that represents more than 50% of all known vertebrate species has gained considerable attention from genome researchers in the last decade.We discuss many examples that demonstrate that this highly deserved attention is currently leading to new opportunities for answering important biological questions on gene function and evolutionary processes. In addition to giving an overview of the technologies that have been applied for studying various fish species we put the recent advances in genome research on the model species zebrafish and medaka in the context of its impact for studies of all fish of the superclass of Osteichthyes. We thereby want to illustrate how the combined value of research on model species together with a broad angle perspective on all bony fish species will have a huge impact on research in all fields of fundamental science and will speed up applications in many societally important areas such as the development of new medicines, toxicology test systems, environmental sensing systems and sustainable aquaculture strategies.
Use of a Recombinant Envelope Protein Subunit Antigen for Specific Serological Diagnosis of West Nile Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Serological diagnosis of West Nile virus (WNV) infection is complicated by extensive antigenic cross-reactivity with other closely related flaviviruses, such as St. Louis encephalitis virus. Here we describe a recombinant, bacterially expressed antigen equivalent to structural domain III of the WNV envelope protein that has allowed clear discrimination of antibody responses to WNV from those against other related flaviviruses in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using standardized control antisera and field-collected samples.
What is an antibody?

4. Goat anti-glucagon 5. Rabbit anti-NGF 6. Rabbit anti-tyrosine hydroxylase 7. Mouse anti-tyrosine hydroxylase 8. Rabbit anti-ProNGF 9. Mouse anti-vimentin 10. Rabbit anti-GFP 11. Mouse Anti-collagen type IV 12. Cyanine 3 (Cy3)-conjugated F(ab')2 fragment of goat anti-guinea pig IgG 13. Cyanine 5 (Cy5)-conjugated F(ab')2 fragment of goat anti-rabbit IgG 14. Fluorescein isothiocyanateconjugated (FITC)-conjugated antimouse IgG ICN, Aurora, OH
Seasonal outliers in time series

In the analysis of time series, it is frequent to classify perturbations as Additive Outliers (AO), Innovative Outliers (IO), Level Shift (LS) outliers or Transitory Change (TC) outliers. In this paper, a new outlier type, the Seasonal Level Shift (SLS), is introduced in order to complete the usual classification.
Streaming server management scheme for reducing power consumption

In this paper, we propose an efficient video streaming server management scheme for streaming service that minimizes power consumption while satisfying client's requests. In conventional schemes, the power minimizing policy is calculated by means of simple dynamic programming or linear programing systems. However, these schemes may suffer changing the power minimizing policy substantially when the client's requests change even slightly. This increases the cost of changing streaming servers. On the other hand, our approach minimizes power consumption while satisfying client's requests by considering the number of times the policy is changed. To reduce the number of changes, our scheme uses dynamic programming by considering trends in client's requests and the stream length for each server. Evaluations shows that our scheme reduces power consumption by up to 35%–45% of conventional schemes.
FINDING SPECIFIC TARGETS BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC USING ZERNIKE MOMENTS AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

In this paper, it has been tried to employ suitable algorithms such as Zernike moments and support vector machine (SVM) to obtain the accurate detection of moving targets. In this method, we try to find some invariant features of targets in video frames. In the proposed algorithm, by using the invariant Zernike moments, which are applied on images, we extract features and by employing multiplex SVMs (ensemble of classifiers), we are able to increase the efficiency and decrease the error of tracking within sequence of images. Fuzzy logic is used to identify objects in video sequences.
Addition of 7 Days of Zidovudine Plus Lamivudine to Peripartum Single-Dose Nevirapine Effectively Reduces Nevirapine Resistance Postpartum in HIV-Infected Mothers in Malawi

Background:We assessed whether 7 days of zidovudine + lamivudine postpartum with single-dose nevirapine at labor decreases nevirapine resistance in HIV-infected women in Malawi. Methods:HIV-infected pregnant women receiving intrapartum single-dose nevirapine and 7 days of zidovudine + lamivudine (n = 132) and women receiving intrapartum single-dose nevirapine alone (n = 66) were followed from an antenatal visit through 6 weeks postpartum. Plasma specimens at 2 and 6 weeks postpartum were tested for genotypic resistance to nevirapine by population sequencing and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction. Poisson regression was used to determine predictors of postpartum nevirapine resistance. Results:Median HIV RNA was similar at entry (4.27 log vs. 4.35 log, P = 0.87), differed at 2 weeks postpartum (2.67 log vs. 3.58 log, P < 0.0001) but not at 6 weeks postpartum (4.49 log vs. 4.40 log, P = 0.79), between single-dose nevirapine/zidovudine + lamivudine and single-dose nevirapine groups, respectively. Nevirapine resistance, measured by population sequencing and sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction, was significantly less common in those receiving single-dose nevirapine/zidovudine + lamivudine compared with single-dose nevirapine, respectively, at 2 weeks [10% (4 of 40) vs. 74% (31 of 42), P < 0.0001] and 6 weeks postpartum [10% (11 of 115) vs. 64% (41 of 64), P < 0.0001; adjusted relative risk = 0.18, 95% confidence interval (0.10 to 0.34)]. Conclusions:The significant decrease in nevirapine resistance conferred by 1 week of zidovudine + lamivudine should help policymakers optimize peripartum HIV prophylaxis recommendations.
Exponential stabilization for discrete-time time-delay systems with actuator saturation

This paper considers the exponential stabilization problem for discrete-time linear systems with time-varying delay and actuator saturation. Compared with the existing methods, the time-delay information is sufficiently utilized in this paper, and less conservative restriction conditions are explored, then the improved exponential stabilization conditions are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). To estimate a larger domain of attraction, the feasibility problems are transformed into optimization problems. Numerical example show that our proposed method is more effective in reducing the conservatism.
Cancer BiomarkersAn Invitation to the Table

The allure of the emerging genomic technologies in cancer is their ability to generate new biomarkers that predict how individual cancer patients will respond to various treatments. However, productive implementation of cancer biomarkers into patient care will require fundamental changes in how we consider approvals for cancer indications and how we track patient responses. Here we briefly describe ongoing efforts to identify and to validate cancer biomarkers, discuss the technological hurdles that lie ahead, and then focus on the more pressing political and cultural issues that, if left unheeded, could derail many of the anticipated benefits of biomarker research.
The phosphatonin fibroblast growth factor 23 links calcium-phosphate metabolism with left-ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation.

AIMS High serum phosphate is linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) is a critical phosphate regulating hormone, potentially reflecting phosphate load better than a single serum phosphate measurement. Recent pioneering echocardiographic studies associated FGF-23 with left-ventricular morphology. However, the association between FGF-23 and left-ventricular function is unknown, prompting us to investigate this relationship in our HOM SWEET HOMe study. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied the association between C-terminal FGF-23, coronary artery disease, and left-ventricular function in 885 subjects undergoing elective coronary angiography. Left-ventricular function was assessed with ventriculography. More, pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) plasma levels were measured. The presence of left-ventricular hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation was assessed by electrocardiography. Patients with an ejection fraction <40% had significantly higher FGF-23 levels compared with patients with the ejection fraction >40% (P< 0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, the observed relationship between FGF-23 and left-ventricular function remained significant after adjustment for estimated glomerular filtration rate, presence of left-ventricular hypertrophy, and other confounding variables. In accordance, FGF-23 significantly correlated with pro-BNP plasma levels (r = 0.31; P< 0.001). Prevalent atrial fibrillation was associated with elevated FGF-23 levels, while the presence of coronary artery disease was not. CONCLUSIONS Fibroblast growth factor 23 levels are associated with left-ventricular function and atrial fibrillation even in the absence of renal function impairment. Of note, these cross-sectional data cannot prove causality; therefore, future studies will have to discern whether FGF-23 exerts a direct untoward effect on the myocardium, or rather represents an 'innocent bystander' which reflects a high phosphate burden.
Probabilistic relational model benchmark generation: Principle and application

The validation of any database mining methodology goes through an evaluation process where benchmarks availability is essential. In this paper, we aim to randomly generate relational database benchmarks that allow to check probabilistic dependencies among the attributes. We are particularly interested in Probabilistic relational models (PRMs). These latter extend Bayesian networks (BNs) to a relational data mining context that enable effective and robust reasoning about relational data structures. Even though a panoply of works have focused, separately, on Bayesian networks and relational databases random generation, no work has been identified for PRMs on that track. This paper provides an algorithmic approach allowing to generate random PRMs from scratch to cover the absence of generation process. The proposed method allows to generate PRMs as well as synthetic relational data from a randomly generated relational schema and a random set of probabilistic dependencies. This can be of interest for machine learning researchers to evaluate their proposals in a common framework, as for databases designers to evaluate the effectiveness of the components of a database management system.
Host specificity of four corallivorous Phestilla nudibranchs (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia)

Nudibranchs that exclusively eat scleractinian corals provide a rare opportunity to study specialist predation in the marine environment. To measure the diet breadth of 4 Phestilla species on Guam, we offered the nudibranchs different corals in choice and no-choice feeding assays. Larval preferences were determined by measuring the percent metamorphosis in response to different coral species. We compared the specificity of larval metamorphosis to adult feeding preferences. Phestilla sibogae ate a range of Porites species (Poritidae) in the field and would not eat other coral genera in the laboratory no-choice assays. Metamorphosis was approximately 90% in response to 4 Porites spp. Phestilla minor was found on Porites lutea and Porites annae in the field. It preferred P. annae over Porites cylindrica and P. (Synaraea) rus during the choice and no-choice assays. The highest rates of metamorphosis (approx. 80%) were in response to P. lutea, P. annae, and P. cylindrica. Phestilla sp. 1 is morphologically similar to P. minor, but it eats different Porites species. It preferred P. (S.) rus, but would eat P. cylindrica during the no-choice assays. The highest rate of metamorphosis (approx. 80%) was in response to P. (S.) rus. Phestilla sp. 2 is distinct from the other Phestilla species studied, as it is a specialist on corals in the genus Goniopora (Poritidae). It preferred G. fruticosa and also ate G. minor and G. lobata during the feeding assays. The highest rates of metamorphosis (approx. 60%) were in response to G. fruticosa, G. minor, and G. lobata. This study documents a range of diet breadth among Phestilla species. Phestilla spp. larvae could distinguish between coral species within a host genus and showed a tendency to have high metamorphosis on their preferred hosts, but they also metamorphosed in response to non-food coral species.
Sensorless Force Control for Injection Molding Machine Using Reaction Torque Observer Considering Torsion Phenomenon

Recently, many plastic products have been produced and used. These plastic products are mostly manufactured using injection molding machines. The quality of plastic products depends on the injection force. Therefore, it is important to develop a fine force-control system. Generally, in force-control systems, the force information from the environment is detected by a force sensor. However, control systems using force sensors present problems related to signal noise, sensor cost, narrow bandwidth, and other factors. To overcome these problems, this paper presents a proposal for a new sensorless force-control method using a reaction torque observer. The injection molding machine, which uses a ball screw, has a resonance frequency that is affected by the torsion phenomenon. This new reaction torque observer considers the torsion phenomenon and friction phenomena.
Optimisation of variable helix end millings tools by minimising self excited vibration

During machining, self-excited vibrations known as regenerative chatter can occur. This instability can be avoided by modifying the tool geometry, thereby influencing the time delay terms that arise in the governing equations. The present study uses Differential Evolution (DE) to optimise the tool helix geometry, so as to avoid chatter. The results are compared to those from Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). It is shown that the DE approach can significantly increase the chatter stability, and substantially out-performs the SQP algorithm. The performance of the DE approach is due to its ability to perform global optimisation in the presence of significant nonlinearities.
Muscle Growth and Fiber Type Composition in Hind Limb Muscles during Postnatal Development in Pigs

Rapid postnatal development in pigs is reflected by differentiation in skeletal muscle. This process depends on muscle function and demands, but a comprehensive overview of individual developmental characteristics of quickly growing leg muscles in pigs is still missing. This study focused on the development of 10 hind limb muscles in pigs. To determine these changes in mass, fiber type patterns and fiber diameters were analyzed 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 400 days after birth. Generally, the proportion of slow fibers increased from birth to 8 weeks. Thereafter, only minor changes in muscle fiber type composition were observed. The majority of the muscles contained less then 10% slow-twitch fibers at birth, increasing to between 12 (Musculus vastus lateralis) and 38% (M. gastrocnemius medialis) in adult pigs. By contrast, postural muscles already had 20–30% slow fibers at birth, and this contribution increased up to 65% in adults (i.e. M. vastus intermedius). From birth to the 2nd week, only in slow fibers could activity of oxidative enzymes be detected. A differentiation of fast-twitch fibers into subtypes with high (comparable to type IIA) and low oxidative metabolism (equivalent to type IIB) occurred between the 2nd and 4th week of life. The ratio between type II fibers with high and low oxidative enzyme activity did not change markedly through development in any muscle, although there was a trend towards an increasing proportion of type IIA fibers in the soleus. In the majority of the muscles investigated, the fast-twitch fibers with low oxidative metabolism (IIB) obtained the largest cross-sectional area. In contrast, at birth no remarkable differences in the diameter of fast and slow fibers were found. The rapid increase in muscle mass compared to body mass reflects the high performance in meat production of the cross pig investigated.
Addressing the validation of overlapping clustering algorithms

The validation of overlapping clusterings has gained considerable attention in the last years, as it represents a fundamental step towards achieving reliable clustering algorithms, still being largely considered as an open question. A number of measures have been proposed for validating overlapping clusterings, but it remains unclear which one is the most convenient. Most existing external measures aim to validate partitional clusterings, even when most real-life problem involve overlapping clustering scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new external measure specifically designed for validating overlapping clusterings, which fulfills the main set of desirable conditions presented in the literature. We also show that our proposal correctly handles situations where previous measures display undesirable performances.
Remaining lifetime modelling for replacement of power transformer populations

The age of the majority of power transformers applied in the western electricity network varies between 25 and 50 years. Depending on the load history and time of operation, replacement on short term is imminent. A technically sound policy concerning the replacement of these assets must be based on knowledge of (i) the life expectancy or reliability of individual components, (ii) how these failure probabilities cumulate to a replacement wave, and (iii) how to manage an expected replacement wave. The population reliability is obtained from individual transformer reliabilities using Arrhenius based modelling of paper insulation degradation. This modelling technique includes measures to cope with inherent uncertainties in available data. Population reliability figures are obtained using an adapted k-out-of-N failure model. The modelling method is applied to existing populations of power transformers in The Netherlands, to evaluate their expected replacement wave.
Aerosol Activity and Hygroscopicity Combined with Lidar Data in the Urban Atmosphere of Athens, Greece in the Frame of the HYGRA_CD Campaign

Measurements of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations between 0.2-1.0% supersaturation and aerosol size distribution were performed at an urban background site of Athens during HygrA-CD. The site is affected by local and long-range transported emissions as portrayed by the external mixing of the particles, as the larger ones appear to be more hygroscopic and more CCN-active than smaller ones. Activation fractions at all supersaturations exhibit a diurnal variability with minimum values around noon, which are considerably lower than unity. This reinforces the conclusion that the aerosol is mostly externally mixed between “fresher”, less hygroscopic components with more aged, CCN active constituents.