Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The shaky Ladder Hyperplane-Defined Functions and Classic Dynamic Problems

To improve the understanding of the GA in dynamic environments we explore a set of test problems, the shaky ladder hyper-defined functions (sl-hdf), and extend these functions to create versions that are equivalent to many classical dynamic problems. We do this by constraining the space of all sl-hdfs to create representations of these classical functions. We have examined three classical problems, and compared sl-hdf versions of these problems with their standard representations. These results show that the sl-hdfs are representative of a larger class of problems, and can represent a larger class of test suite. Previous results on sl-hdf showed that GA performance is best in the Defined Cliffs variant of the sl-hdf. We build upon these results to improve GA performance in several classes of real world dynamic problems by modifying the problem representation. These results lend insight into dynamic problems where the GA will perform well.
A Single-nucleotide Deletion Leads to Rapid Degradation ofTAP-1 mRNA in a Melanoma Cell Line*

Both viruses and tumors evade cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated host immunity by down-regulation of antigen presentation machineries. This can be achieved by either down-regulation of transcription of antigen presentation genes or posttranslational inactivation of proteins involved in antigen presentation. In this study, a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-deficient melanoma cell line, SK-MEL-19, was found deficient in the expression of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-1 mRNA even after IFN-γ stimulation, despite its active transcription of the TAP-1gene. This abnormality was caused by a single-nucleotide deletion at position +1489 of the TAP-1 gene and was corrected by cycloheximide, which inhibits RNA degradation. Using an inducible Tet-Off system, we demonstrated that deletion of the nucleotide resulted in a >2-fold decrease in the half-life of TAP-1mRNA. However, the decrease of the half-life of TAP-1mRNA is not mediated by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay because deletions of two additional nucleotides in the region, which corrected the nonsense mutation, did not restore TAP-1 mRNA stability. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence that the degradation of mRNA of an antigen presentation gene is involved in HLA class I down-regulation in malignant cells.
Simulation d'ecoulements aerodynamiques instationnaires sur une architecture s. I. M. D. Massivement parallele

Cette etude est consacree a la simulation numerique d'ecoulements instationnaires d'un fluide compressible, visqueux et non-visqueux. Dans un premier temps, on se place dans un cadre monodimensionnel et l'on s'interesse a la mise au point de schemas numeriques suffisamment precis pour permettre la simulation d'ecoulements de fluides en regime instationnaire. On presente ensuite l'extension de ces schemas au cas bidimensionnel lorsque l'ecoulement du fluide est modelise par le systeme des equations de navier-stokes. La discretisation spatiale est du type mixte elements/volumes finis sur des maillages triangulaires non-structures. On etudie enfin la mise en uvre de simulations numeriques sur une architecture massivement parallele de type synchrone. Dans le cas ou l'on utilise des grilles de calcul irregulieres, une attention plus particuliere doit etre portee a la gestion des communications si l'on ne veut pas voir les performances de ce type de machine se degrader de facon dramatique
Addressing socio-economic and environmental impacts in sewer networks' rehabilitation decision making tools

Rehabilitation of sewer networks has to serve various objectives, both in terms of present general performance, and in terms of long term sustainability. Part of these stakes are external to the sewerage utility operation, such as social impacts of sewer failures, or social impacts of works. These external impacts are to some extend considered in real life decisions, and should therefore also be taken into account in decision support systems. CARE-S project (2003-05 EU 5th Framework Program), Computer Aided Rehabilitation of Sewer systems, has developed a decision support environment and software prototype, including data management procedures, a set of performance indicators, models describing the condition and evolution of sewers, models describing the risks and consequences of failures, a database describing rehabilitation technologies with their characteristics, an assessment of socio-economic criteria, a long term planning tool, multi-criteria decision tools. The objective is to help utility managers to rehabilitate the right pipe, at the right time, with the right technology. Criteria concern on one hand impacts during rehabilitation works, criteria used for the selection of the best technique for rehabilitating the concerned pipe in a multi-criteria decision making procedure, on the other hand impacts during a failure, criteria used for the selection of pipes candidates for rehabilitation. We worked out criteria such as time loss due to traffic deviation, economic loss for trades due to accessibility problems during works but also criteria concerning ground water or surface water pollution damages risk during overflow or due to exfiltrations from the pipes. Concerning floods damages in celars during overflow, valuation has taking into account methods used for river flooding damages concerning material goods ( Werey & alii, 2005). A second project INDIGAU Performance Indicators for urban sewer networks asset management (financed by the ANR, French Research Agency, 2007-10) goes further on with the valuation of the impact criteria using methods coming from the environmental economics such as Willigness to pay (Rozan, 2004) or contigent ranking (Hurlimann & Mckay, 2007) recently used for giving a value to intangible damages or impacts such as odors problems or loss of sentimental affect goods such as photographs during floods due to overflows of the networks (Larabi, 2009). In our paper we will present the valuation of such criteria taking into account, social and environmental impacts in a generally technical decision process for sewer networks rehabilitation.
Clinical management of the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes: results of a computerized opinion poll at the Sixth International Workshop on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia and von Hippel–Lindau disease

Lips CJM (University Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands). Clinical management of the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes: results of a computerized opinion poll at the Sixth International Workshop on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia and von Hippel–Lindau disease (Minisymposium: MEN & VHL). J Intern Med 1998; 243: 589–94.
Motivation for disclosure of corporate social responsibility: evidence from banking industry in Indonesia

This research aims to investigate determining factors that influence corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSR disclosure) by examining the effects of company size, profitability, leverage, public ownership, board of commissioner, independent commissioner, and the size of the audit committee. For this study, the samples are banking firms that are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange between the year 2010-2014. The data were extracted from audited financial reports, and sustainability reports (if available). Quantitative using secondary data. Multiple regression is the analysis performed. Results from this study showed that profitability, public ownership, board of commissioner, and independent commissioner has a positive impact towards corporate social responsibility disclosure, whilst leverage and audit committee negatively affected the company. Furthermore, there was not enough evidence to prove that the size of the company is affecting companies to disclose their corporate social responsibility activities.
Automatic construction of domain-specific sentiment lexicon based on the semantics graph

Sentiment lexicon, which is the basis of research on opinion mining and sentiment analysis, plays an important role in the field of natural language processing. The generalized sentiment lexicon lacks domain adaptability that does not adequately meet the sentiment analysis needs of the target domain, so automatically building a domain-specific sentiment lexicon is particularly important for specific domain of sentiment analysis. In this paper, a semi-supervised method of automatically constructing domain-specific sentiment lexicon based on corpus is proposed. The semantics graph is constructed by extracting the sentiment words as nodes and calculating the similarity of sentiment words as edge weights. A method of point-wise mutual information considering global information, local information and constraint information is proposed to calculate the similarity of sentiment words, which can more comprehensively and accurately reflect relevance of words in corpus. Sentiment seeds are obtained from corpus by using the degree of graph theory so as to have more domain characteristics and greater coverage. Experimental results on multiple datasets show that the proposed method achieves better results in constructing domain-specific sentiment lexicon.
Modelling integer linear programs with petri nets

We show in this paper that timed Petri nets, with one resource shared by all the transitions, are directly connected to the modelling of integer linear programs (ILP). To an ILP can be automatically associated an equivalent Petri net. The optimal reachability delay is an optimal solution of the ILP. We show next that a net can model any ILP. I order to do this, we give a new sufficient reachability condition for the marking equation, which also holds for general Petri nets without timed transitions.
Part 1 ( Para ) magnetic Nanoparticles : Applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Imaging of the lymphatic system is difficult because its channels and lymph nodes are small and not directly accessible. Currently, two clinical methods, the direct lymphangiography and the lymphoscintigraphy, are used to visualize parts of the human lymphatic system, but have significant limitations. Nano-sized contrast agents have recently been evaluated to be advantageous for visualization of the lymphatic system because of their appropriate physical sizes and the potential of signal amplification. In this review, the magnetic resonance lymphangiography using a series of nano-sized paramagnetic contrast agents, gadolinium labeled dendrimers, is discussed focusing on the synthetic method, their pharmacokinetic characteristics for selection of appropriate agents, and applications for visualization of various lymphatic disorders in mouse models.
Current Issues with Covariate Adjustment in the Analysis of Data from Randomized Controlled Trials

Covariate adjustment helps to minimize bias by eliminating the influence of one variable on another and generally improves precision of estimators in comparative studies. However, despite considerable discussion in the literature on the topic, there is continued controversy and misunderstanding about its valid use and impact in medical research. We review current issues and suggest steps to be taken in the course of the design, analysis, and reporting of studies to further heighten awareness of the problem particularly among nonstatisticians. It is reemphasized that prespecification of the variables of interest and parsimony of the analytical models are essential elements for valid use and interpretation of results of analysis involving covariates.
Fuzzy Network Control Systems based upon a Real-time Implementation

1 Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales y Automatización, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apdo. Postal 20-726. Del. A. Obregón, México D.F. CP. 01000, México. Fax: ++52 55 5616 01 76, Tel: ++52 55 5622 3212 hector@uxdea4.iimas. unam.mx Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de la Computación Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ingeniería Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apdo. Postal 20-726. Del. A. Obregón, México D.F. , C.P. 01000, México Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, CP. 04510, México City, México.
Average bit error rate for satellite uplink communications in Ka-band under atmospheric turbulence given by Gaussian model

We study the influence of atmospheric turbulence on satellite communications by the theoretical analysis of propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves through inho-mogeneous random media. The analysis is done by using the moment of wave fields given on the basis of a multiple scattering method. We analyze the average bit error rate (BER) which is derived from the probability density function of a received intensity for the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite uplink communications in Ka-band under atmospheric turbulence whose statistical characteristics are given by the Gaussian model. From the analysis, we find that the degradation in BER for the uplink communications is caused by spot dancing of received wave beams due to atmospheric turbulence at low elevation angles when wave beams are transmitted from a large aperture antenna.
Molecular analysis of an IS200 insertion in the gpt gene of Salmonella typhimurium LT2

A strain of Salmonella typimurium LT2 has been isolated which carries an insertion of approximately 700 bp in the gpt gene. The insertion in the gpt gene was shown to be the Salmonella-specific element IS200. The mutation in strain CR1 arose without selection during storage and is only the second phenotypically identified mutation caused by the insertion of IS200.
Balancing the Tensions Between Rationalization and Creativity in the Video Games Industry

This paper investigates the forces that influence creativity in the video games industry. We adopt a qualitative approach to guide the development of grounded theory across multiple levels of analysis, including the industry (consisting of multiple actors), organizational, and individual creator levels. Our study shows that business and production interests currently drive the rationalization of video game production. There is a maturing trend, with product designs becoming well established as genres, and consumers and publishers desiring incrementally innovative games. This leads publishers to focus on acquiring intellectual property, and publishers and studios alike to make incrementally innovative sequels. The increasing complexity of products leads to further rationalization in their development. However, the need to satisfy consumers' continually evolving tastes and game developers' inclinations to be creative also creates tensions with these rational forces. Different actors balance these tensions differently. Studios may seek to balance these by shifting between more and less innovative products, by creating original intellectual property to increase their bargaining power with publishers, and by iterating and repositioning products during development to adapt them to the market. Publishers may enhance their portfolio by hiring highly creative designers into their stable. New products are created through combinative creativity, that is, the recombination of existing ideas from different sources into new products. The connection of combinative mechanisms with the balancing behavior at the firm level provides a means for understanding the evolution of innovative products and, therefore, industries.
Initial rotor position detection of PMSM without detecting the UVW's position

Based on the shortage of the current permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor position detecting method, using an incremental encoder without detecting the UVW's position, a method of the initial position of permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor was introduced in this paper. Through the motor inflict any stator current vector, according to the motor turning, changing the direction of current vector to get the initial position of the rotor. The algorithm is simple and high accuracy. Its principle and realizing method are analyzed in this paper, and the experimental results are given.
How Internal and External Supervision Impact the Dynamics between Boards and Top Management Teams and TMT Reflexivity

Reflexivity can prevent Top Management Teams (TMTs) from using decision biases that harm sound strategic decision making of TMTs. To ensure reflexivity, TMTs are supervised internally by supervisory boards, and externally by independent supervisory authorities, but there is theoretical debate on their respective impact. We propose that frequent internal supervision is associated with Board-TMT relationship conflict, but this relationship will be less strong when TMTs are supervised by boards with an open board composition (including newer members). When such conflict occurs it can harm TMT reflexivity, but we expect that this relationship will be less strong when external supervision increases. These hypotheses were supported in a multisource team-level data set collected in the field among TMTs (N = 111 TMT members) and their supervisory boards (N = 152 board members) of 56 insurance companies. This study advances empirical and practical knowledge on the distinct and interdependent impact of internal and external supervision on TMT reflexivity.
Efficient Computation of Network Reliability

Several algorithms have been developed to solve the reliability problem for nonseries-parallel networks using the sum of disjoint products (SDP) approach. This paper will focus on one of the efficient methods, the Abraham algorithm. It is because this method helps improve computer time and memory requirements in reliability computation. We also study different preprocessing methods of path terms in SDP technique. Using various preprocessing techniques, we will implement and improve the performance of existing algorithms. The experimental results will then be analyzed and compared.
Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition Using Structural Shape Decomposition

This paper presents a statistical framework for recognising 2D shapes which are represented as an arrangement of curves or strokes. The approach is a hierarchical one which mixes geometric and symbolic information in a three-layer architecture. Each curve primitive is represented using a point-distribution model which describes how its shape varies over a set of training data. We assign stroke labels to the primitives and these indicate to which class they belong. Shapes are decomposed into an arrangement of primitives and the global shape representation has two components. The first of these is a second point distribution model that is used to represent the geometric arrangement of the curve centre-points. The second component is a string of stroke labels that represents the symbolic arrangement of strokes. Hence each shape can be represented by a set of centre-point deformation parameters and a dictionary of permissible stroke label configurations. The hierarchy is a two-level architecture in which the curve models reside at the nonterminal lower level of the tree. The top level represents the curve arrangements allowed by the dictionary of permissible stroke combinations. The aim in recognition is to minimise the cross entropy between the probability distributions for geometric alignment errors and curve label errors. We show how the stroke parameters, shape-alignment parameters and stroke labels may be recovered by applying the expectation maximization EM algorithm to the utility measure. We apply the resulting shape-recognition method to Arabic character recognition.
Automated Discrimination of Tissue Boundaries using Ultrasound Images of "Ubiquitous Echo"

Balance between human body compositions, e.g. bones, muscles, and fat, is one of the major and basic indicators related to personal health. Body composition analysis using ultrasound imaging has developed rapidly. However, interpretation of ultrasound images is conducted manually, and accuracy and confidence in interpretation requires experience. This paper proposes an automated approach to determine boundaries between tissues, with which thickness of subcutaneous fat and muscles can be obtained. A portable B-mode ultrasound echographic device, which is called Ubiquitous Echo, was used in this study. The validity of the proposed method was evaluated in eleven subjects (three women, eight men; ages 22-77 yr) at three anatomical sites. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve considerably high discrimination performance.
Evaluating Public Relations : A Guide to Planning, Research and Measurement

Operating under tight budget constraints and with an ever increasing range of tools and technologies to choose from, PR professionals have never been under so much pressure to provide solid, meaningful results and to justify their decisions. Evaluating Public Relations advises PR practitioners at all levels on how to demonstrate clearly and objectively the impact that their work has to their clients and managers. The authors draw on both their practical and academic experience to discuss a diverse range of evaluation methods and strategies and this new edition includes full coverage and advice on the new industry standards on PR measurement. Covering both theory and practice, Evaluating Public Relations is an essential handbook for both students and experienced practitioners.
Color characterization issues for TFTLCD displays

This paper describes few issues related to TFTLCD display color rendition and characterization. The paper points out specific aspects of color rendition on TFTLCD devices that differentiate the traditional CRT self luminous devices from the TFTLCD transmissive devices. Two TFTLCD technologies are discussed, TN (Twisted Nematic) and IPS (In Plane Switching) with and without dual domain improvement. The paper discusses specific aspects of color rendering for TN and IPS technologies, the display primaries, color gamut and brightness, the transfer function, the white point, some viewing angle issues and the color model. The paper explains why the TFTLCD displays offer perceptually a larger gamut than the CRT displays, even if chromatically their gamut triangle is smaller in the CIE chromaticity diagram than the one of a typical CRT. The paper also explains the hue shift effect of the primaries with the input voltage and the effect of luminance variation with the viewing angle, both encountered in some TN TFTLCD displays. The paper confirms that despite their advantages due to high brightness, high contrast, high sharpness, virtually no geometric image distortion, in terms of color capability, with few exceptions, TFTLCD devices have not yet surpassed the CRT devices with larger chromatic gamut and no color variation with the viewing angle.
How Different Ownership Structures Perform in Industry 4.0: A Case of Malaysian Manufacturing SMEs

Small and medium enterprises are vital components for economic growth globally. Similarly, the Malaysian manufacturing SMEs has contributed greatly in developing Malaysia’s economy. However, higher failure rate of the Malaysian SMEs is a great concern among researchers and government bodies. Currently, the industry 4.0 has changed the business environment globally. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the relationship of ownership structures on firm performance with a mediating role of innovation. Baron and Kenny approach of mediation analysis was used on the sample of the Malaysian manufacturing SMEs. The results revealed that, majority SMEs prefer traditional business methods, which causes the higher failure rate in the industry.