Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Resonance Parameters of Heavy Higgs Bosons at TESLA

This study investigates the potential of the TESLA Linear Collider for measuring resonance parameters of Higgs bosons beyond the mass range studied so far. The analysis is based on the reconstruction of events from the Higgsstrahlung process e+e- -> HZ. It is shown that the total width, the mass and the event rate for Higgs production can be measured from the mass spectrum in a model independent fit. Also, the branching ratios to W- and Z-bosons can be measured, assuming these are the only relevant Higgs decay modes. The simulation includes realistic detector effects and all relevant Standard Model background processes. Results are given for mH=200-320 GeV assuming 500 fb^-1 integrated luminosity at collision energies of 500 GeV.
Energy and Run Time Evaluation for Compiler Methods Using Dynamic Voltage-Frequency Scaling on XScale Architecture

— Energy Consumption is a key constraint in modern computing era. The consumption of energy should be ascertainable not only to Gate Level or Register Transfer (RT) Level but also to the System Level. There is a trade-off between energy consumption and run-time. Researchers are working on low power consumption techniques without degrading performance of the system. The computing science developers focus on both compiler and non-compiler methods for energy minimization. This paper focuses on various techniques, methods and tools for minimization of energy without increasing runtime. The energy consumption and run time computed for various compiler techniques on XScale Architecture using XEEMU tool. The best compiler method picked out and code is tuned dynamically by varying voltage-frequency.
Mural Cell Associated VEGF Is Required for Organotypic Vessel Formation

Background Blood vessels comprise endothelial cells, mural cells (pericytes/vascular smooth muscle cells) and basement membrane. During angiogenesis, mural cells are recruited to sprouting endothelial cells and define a stabilizing context, comprising cell-cell contacts, secreted growth factors and extracellular matrix components, that drives vessel maturation and resistance to anti-angiogenic therapeutics. Methods and Findings To better understand the basis for mural cell regulation of angiogenesis, we conducted high content imaging analysis on a microtiter plate format in vitro organotypic blood vessel system comprising primary human endothelial cells co-cultured with primary human mural cells. We show that endothelial cells co-cultured with mural cells undergo an extensive series of phenotypic changes reflective of several facets of blood vessel formation and maturation: Loss of cell proliferation, pathfinding-like cell migration, branching morphogenesis, basement membrane extracellular matrix protein deposition, lumen formation, anastamosis and development of a stabilized capillary-like network. This phenotypic sequence required endothelial-mural cell-cell contact, mural cell-derived VEGF and endothelial VEGFR2 signaling. Inhibiting formation of adherens junctions or basement membrane structures abrogated network formation. Notably, inhibition of mural cell VEGF expression could not be rescued by exogenous VEGF. Conclusions These results suggest a unique role for mural cell-associated VEGF in driving vessel formation and maturation.
NCTU-GR 2.0: Multithreaded Collision-Aware Global Routing With Bounded-Length Maze Routing

Modern global routers employ various routing methods to improve routing speed and quality. Maze routing is the most time-consuming process for existing global routing algorithms. This paper presents two bounded-length maze routing (BLMR) algorithms (optimal-BLMR and heuristic-BLMR) that perform much faster routing than traditional maze routing algorithms. In addition, a rectilinear Steiner minimum tree aware routing scheme is proposed to guide heuristic-BLMR and monotonic routing to build a routing tree with shorter wirelength. This paper also proposes a parallel multithreaded collision-aware global router based on a previous sequential global router (SGR). Unlike the partitioning-based strategy, the proposed parallel router uses a task-based concurrency strategy. Finally, a 3-D wirelength optimization technique is proposed to further refine the 3-D routing results. Experimental results reveal that the proposed SGR uses less wirelength and runs faster than most of other state-of-the-art global routers with a different set of parameters , , , . Compared to the proposed SGR, the proposed parallel router yields almost the same routing quality with average 2.71 and 3.12-fold speedup on overflow-free and hard-to-route cases, respectively, when running on a 4-core system.
The Design and Implementation of Augmented Reality Learning Systems

In this paper, we present an augmented reality learning system that enables users to experience an interactive flower garden with the assistance of interactive agents in the augmented picture. We develop an interactive agent that generates problem-solving peer support to a user's action. We overlay virtual flower garden over a physical book and offer a collaborative environment that allows a learner to interact with the agent. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we implement it on a mobile device and enable users to experience the collaborative task with the animated character. Through evaluation, we found that the interactive agent could be a promising technology for motivating users to engage in learning systems.
CAViT: a Consistency Maintenance Framework based on Transformation Contracts

Model driven engineering is a software engineering methodology that aims to manage the complexity of frameworks by relying on models and trans- formations. Unfortunately it is only poorly understood where and how this new methodology differs from traditional methodologies. Therefore, this paper for- malizes how contract based model transformation extends existing design by con- tract theory. The key extension is that transformation contracts can be maintained automatically by mapping consistency invariants to the postconditions of trans- formation rules. When an invariant is violated, the corresponding transformation rule will be called provided that its precondition is satisfied. This paper presents the Contract Aware Visual Transformation(CAViT) framework, an implemen- tation of declarative middleware for contract based model transformation. We illustrate how CAViT can be used to integrate UML based visual model transfor- mations with OCL based transformation contracts.
Prohibitive-link Detection and Routing Protocol

In the current body of knowledge, planarity is necessary in order to recover from routing holes using left- or right-hand rule (LHR). This is often referred to as face-routing. In this paper we introduce the Prohibitive-link Detection and Routing Protocol (PDRP). PDRP is a position-based wireless protocol that, when faced with a routing hole, can recover using left-hand rule in a non-planar environment. As the name implies, the protocol detects and circumvents the prohibitive links that hamper LHR. The goal of PDRP is to provide the same levels of service as GPSR-like protocols, while avoiding the prohibitive transmissions of cooperative protocols such as CLDP. Initial results are promising, revealing the same level of service as face-routing protocols despite preserving most intersecting links in the network.
Coronin Promotes the Rapid Assembly and Cross-linking of Actin Filaments and May Link the Actin and Microtubule Cytoskeletons in Yeast

Coronin is a highly conserved actin-associated protein that until now has had unknown biochemical activities. Using microtubule affinity chromatography, we coisolated actin and a homologue of coronin, Crn1p, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell extracts. Crn1p is an abundant component of the cortical actin cytoskeleton and binds to F-actin with high affinity (K d 6 × 10−9 M). Crn1p promotes the rapid barbed-end assembly of actin filaments and cross-links filaments into bundles and more complex networks, but does not stabilize them. Genetic analyses with a crn1Δ deletion mutation also are consistent with Crn1p regulating filament assembly rather than stability. Filament cross-linking depends on the coiled coil domain of Crn1p, suggesting a requirement for Crn1p dimerization. Assembly-promoting activity is independent of cross-linking and could be due to nucleation and/or accelerated polymerization. Crn1p also binds to microtubules in vitro, and microtubule binding is enhanced by the presence of actin filaments. Microtubule binding is mediated by a region of Crn1p that contains sequences (not found in other coronins) homologous to the microtubule binding region of MAP1B. These activities, considered with microtubule defects observed in crn1Δ cells and in cells overexpressing Crn1p, suggest that Crn1p may provide a functional link between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons in yeast.
LITTLE HIGGS THEORIES

▪ Abstract Recently there has been renewed interest in the possibility that the Higgs particle of the Standard Model is a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson. This development was spurred by the observation that if certain global symmetries are broken only by the interplay between two or more coupling constants, then the Higgs mass-squared is free from quadratic divergences at one loop. This collective symmetry breaking is the essential ingredient in little Higgs theories, which are weakly coupled extensions of the Standard Model with little or no fine tuning, describing physics up to an energy scale ∼10 TeV. Here we give a pedagogical introduction to little Higgs theories. We review their structure and phenomenology, focusing mainly on the SU(3) theory, the Minimal Moose, and the littlest Higgs as concrete examples.
Lactate clearance as a useful biomarker for the prediction of all-cause mortality in critically ill patients: a systematic review study protocol

Introduction Arterial lactate is a reflection of balance between lactate production and clearance. Accumulating lactate may be a marker of global hypoxia or hypoperfusion. Lactate clearance is the reduction of lactate concentrations with interventional strategies, and it has been associated with increased risk of death in critically ill patients. However, conflicting results exist, which mandates a systematic review to clarify the association between lactate clearance and clinical outcome. Methods and analysis Critically ill adult patients will be included in our analysis. This population will include heterogeneous study participants, including patients with sepsis or severe sepsis, trauma, surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and so on. We will search four databases including EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of knowledge from inception to February 2014. There will be no language restrictions in the electronic search for studies. Newcastle Ottawa Scale for cohort study will be employed to assess the reporting quality of included original studies. We will report pooled relative risk of death for those with lactate clearance and those without. The diagnostic performance of lactate clearance in predicting mortality will be explored by using the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model. Ethics and dissemination The protocol for the systematic review has been registered in PROSPERO. The study will be disseminated electronically and in print. It will also be presented to conferences related to critical care medicine. Trial registration number: CRD42013006511.
Comparing Distributed Indexing: To MapReduce or Not?

Information Retrieval (IR) systems require input corpora to be indexed. The advent of terabyte-scale Web corpora has reinvigorated the need for efficient indexing. In this work, we investigate distributed indexing paradigms, in particular within the auspices of the MapReduce programming framework. In particular, we describe two indexing approaches based on the original MapReduce paper, and compare these with a standard distributed IR system, the MapReduce indexing strategy used by the Nutch IR platform, and a more advanced MapReduce indexing implementation that we propose. Experiments using the Hadoop MapReduce implementation and a large standard TREC corpus show our proposed MapReduce indexing implementation to be more efficient than those proposed in the original paper.
A model driven approach for software systems reliability

The main contribution of this research is to provide platform-independent means to support reliability design following the principles of a model driven approach. The contribution aims to systematically address dependability concerns from the early to the late stages of software development. MDA appears to be a suitable framework to assess these concerns and, therefore, semantically integrate analysis and design models into one environment.
From Cells to Virus Particles: Quantitative Methods to Monitor RNA Packaging

In cells, positive strand RNA viruses, such as Retroviridae, must selectively recognize their full-length RNA genome among abundant cellular RNAs to assemble and release particles. How viruses coordinate the intracellular trafficking of both RNA and protein components to the assembly sites of infectious particles at the cell surface remains a long-standing question. The mechanisms ensuring packaging of genomic RNA are essential for viral infectivity. Since RNA packaging impacts on several essential functions of retroviral replication such as RNA dimerization, translation and recombination events, there are many studies that require the determination of RNA packaging efficiency and/or RNA packaging ability. Studies of RNA encapsidation rely upon techniques for the identification and quantification of RNA species packaged by the virus. This review focuses on the different approaches available to monitor RNA packaging: Northern blot analysis, ribonuclease protection assay and quantitative reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction as well as the most recent RNA imaging and sequencing technologies. Advantages, disadvantages and limitations of these approaches will be discussed in order to help the investigator to choose the most appropriate technique. Although the review was written with the prototypic simple murine leukemia virus (MLV) and complex human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in mind, the techniques were described in order to benefit to a larger community.
Measuring anonymity : a few thoughts and a differentially private bound

Measuring the quality of protection offered by security mechanisms, including anonymous channels, is of paramount importance. It allows architects to compare designs, and reliably improve them. It also allows them to understand the impact improvements in other aspects of a design, for reliability, performance or usability, may have on the overall security of systems. In the absence of security measures, features that have a demonstrable impact, such as performance, will be prioritised and the security of the system may be inadvertently undermined. How to measure the anonymity of large deployed system, has been for a long time, and still is an open problem. This is the case despite a surge of interest in the topic shortly after 2002, when entropy based measures were proposed [41, 15]. The most popular early measure of anonymity was the “anonymity set size” [39], a design parameter of a system that roughly denotes amongst how many possible actors an action is hidden, or conversely how many possible actions a specific actor may have performed. The downside of this measure is its lack of subtlety in taking into account the relative likelihood of the relationships. This was first noted by Dogan Kestogan, when analyzing sg-mixes [29], which are implemented using inherently probabilistic mechanisms, and do not produce “clean” anonymity uniformly likely anonymity sets. Another early measure of anonymity is used in the Crowds system [40], to compute the probability an observed action was performed by a specific actor. Interestingly, Crowds threat model is very weak and might be an inspiration for metrics relating to onion routing as we will see. With hindsight the quantitative element of the measure was very influential, while its qualitative interpretation seems rather arbitrary.
The Dimensions of Driverlog

The International Planning Competition has provided a means of comparing the performance of planners. It is supposed to be a driving-force for planning technology. As the competition has advanced, more and more complex domains have been introduced. However, the methods for generating the competition instances are typically simplistic. At best, this means that our planners are not tested on the broad range of problem structures that can be expressed in each of the domains. At worst, it means that some search techniques (such as symmetry-breaking and graph-abstraction) are ineffective for the competition instances. It is our opinion that a competition with interesting instances (those with varied structural properties) would better drive the community to developing techniques that address real-world issues, and not just solving contrived competition test-cases. Towards this end, we present a preliminary problem generator for the Driverlog domain, and introduce several important qualities (or dimensions) of the domain. The performance of three planners on instances generated by our generator are compared with their performance on the competition instances.
Motion Plan Changes Predictably in Dyadic Reaching

Parents can effortlessly assist their child to walk, but the mechanism behind such physical coordination is still unknown. Studies have suggested that physical coordination is achieved by interacting humans who update their movement or motion plan in response to the partner’s behaviour. Here, we tested rigidly coupled pairs in a joint reaching task to observe such changes in the partners’ motion plans. However, the joint reaching movements were surprisingly consistent across different trials. A computational model that we developed demonstrated that the two partners had a distinct motion plan, which did not change with time. These results suggest that rigidly coupled pairs accomplish joint reaching movements by relying on a pre-programmed motion plan that is independent of the partner’s behaviour.
Prevalence of Parental Bereavement Among Female Sex Workers (FSW) in Kibra, Kenya

Abstract Female sex workers (FSW) residing in Kibra, Kenya, experience elevated exposure to adverse events, yet the prevalence of parental bereavement is not well characterized. This cross-sectional pilot study on 301 FSWs residing in Kibra, Kenya, found that 67.7% of these women were parentally bereaved. Significantly fewer parentally bereaved women reported historical use of condoms and emergency contraception compared to nonbereaved women, and older age of paternal bereavement was significantly associated with current contraceptive use. Prevalence rates of bereavement among this cohort are well over the national Kenyan average, and further research on the specific impact of bereavement is warranted.
The dimensionality of trade show performance in an emerging market

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the underlying dimensions of trade show performance in an emerging market context. Firms in industrial and emerging markets typically differ in terms of access to firm level resource endowments. Such differences make attempts to generalize the trade show performance dimensions proposed for industrialized country exhibitors to emerging market exhibitors problematic. This motivates the need for understanding the dimensionality of trade show performance in an emerging market context.Design/methodology/approach – Data obtained from firms that partake in an emerging market trade show that takes place in an emerging market are used to investigate the dimensionality of trade show performance. By subjecting several trade show performance items into principal component analysis, a multidimensional performance construct, applicable to emerging market exhibitors, is introduced.Findings – The empirical findings show that trade show performance, in an emerging mark.
Detecting Local Symmetry Axis in 3-dimensional Virus Structures

This paper presents an efficient computational method to identify a local symmetry axis in 3-dimensional viral structures obtained using electron cryomicroscopy. Local symmetry is frequently observed in viral structures. Many virus structures have various types of local symmetry such as 2-fold, 3-fold and 6-fold that exist in certain limited regions on the 3-dimensional structure. Locations of local symmetry axes can be used in structure averaging as well as in detecting small structural variations among different copies of the same protein. We present a computational method that uses two-dimensional local correlation to identify the local symmetry axis in 3-dimensional viral structures. Instead of enumerating all the possible orientations of the symmetry axis, this method starts with a visually identified orientation and detects the trace of the axis, from which the exact orientation of the axis can be calculated. The complexity of this algorithm is analysed, and a comparison with a naive method is provided. This method is able to detect the symmetry axis fairly accurately if the initial orientation of the axis is within 20° from the z---axis, the viewing axis. The application of this method of herpes simplex virus B capsid structure obtained using electron cryomicroscopy technique is also presented.
Real-Time Fur with Local , Dynamic Precomputed Radiance Transfer

This paper introduces Local, Dynamic Precomputed Radiance Transfer (LDPRT) to volumetric shells in the context of real-time fur illumination. LDPRT is a method which allows objects to have global illumination effects within a in small neighborhood on a surface by precomputing light transfer and projecting it into the compact Zonal Harminic (ZH) basis. At run-time the light transfer at each local point is rotated into the model’s deformed position and evaluated to produce output lighting. Volumetric shells is a technique for rendering complex surface geometry in real-time through the use of a 3D shell or ring around a model. The shell is transparent everywhere except at the intersection of the shell and the microgeometry that is being rendered. We combine these two techniques to render fur in real-time with correct light attenuation.
Longitudinal Mechanisms Linking Perceived Racial Discrimination to Aggressive Delinquency among North American Indigenous Youth

Objectives: Drawing from an integrated general strain theory framework, the purpose of the study is to examine the longitudinal mediating and moderating mechanisms linking perceived racial discrimination with aggressive delinquency among North American Indigenous (i.e., American Indian and Canadian First Nations) youth. Method: Data come from an eight-year longitudinal study of Indigenous youth residing on reservations/reserves in the upper Midwest and Canada (N = 659). Scales were created for discrimination, depressive symptoms, school bonds, and delinquent peer associations at years 2 and 3, and a count measure of aggression was created at years 2, 3, and 5. Cross-lagged path analysis models were estimated to examine possible mediating effects of depressive symptoms, school bonds, and delinquent peer associations. Separate regression models were examined to test for possible moderating effects of the aforementioned variables. Results: The results of a longitudinal path analysis model showed that discrimination indirectly increased aggression through decreased school bonds and increased delinquent peer associations. Depressive symptoms was the only significant moderator, and contrary to expectations, the effect of discrimination on aggression declined in magnitude as depressive symptoms increased. Conclusions: Discrimination is a key criminogenic stressor among Indigenous youth and is linked with multiple adverse outcomes through the adolescent years.