Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intermedin Is a Calcitonin/Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide Family Peptide Acting through the Calcitonin Receptor-like Receptor/Receptor Activity-modifying Protein Receptor Complexes*

Calcitonin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), adrenomedullin (ADM), and amylin belong to a unique group of peptide hormones important for homeostasis in diverse tissues. Calcitonin is essential for calcium balance, whereas CGRP and ADM are important for neurotransmission and cardiovascular and respiratory regulation. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we identified intermedin as a novel member of the calcitonin/CGRP peptide family. Analysis of intermedin expression indicated that intermedin is expressed primarily in the pituitary and gastrointestinal tract. Intermedin increased cAMP production in SK-N-MC and L6 cells expressing endogenous CGRP receptors and competed with labeled CGRP for binding to its receptors in these cells. In addition, treatment of 293T cells expressing recombinant calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and one of the three receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) showed that a CRLR/RAMP receptor complex is required for intermedin signaling. In contrast to CGRP and ADM, which exhibited a preferential stimulation of CRLR when co-expressed with RAMP1 and RAMP2 or RAMP3, respectively, intermedin represents a nonselective agonist for the RAMP coreceptors. In vivo studies demonstrated that intermedin treatment led to blood pressure reduction in both normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats via interactions with the CRLR/RAMP receptor complexes. Furthermore, in vivo treatment in mice with intermedin led to suppression of gastric emptying activity and food intake. Thus, identification of intermedin as a novel member of the calcitonin/CGRP peptide family capable of signaling through CRLR/RAMP receptor complexes provides an additional player in the regulation of peripheral tissues by CRLR and will allow development of new therapeutic agents for pathologies associated with diverse vascular and gastrointestinal disorders.
Long‐Term Systemic Exposure of Orlistat, a Lipase Inhibitor, and Its Metabolites in Obese Patients

Orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, acts locally in the gastrointestinal tract; its systemic exposure is not required for its efficacy. However, knowledge of the extent of its systemic exposure is important for its safe use in obese patients, the intended target population. Pharmacokinetic screening in obese patients was carried out by monitoring plasma concentrations of unchanged orlistat and its metabolites in five key double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase II/III studies. Results of these studies involving the monitoring of plasma samples indicate that detection of intact orlistat in plasma was sporadic, and measurable concentrations were low (<10 ng/mL or 0.02 μM) without evidence of accumulation, which is consistent with minimal absorption. It is concluded that systemic exposure of orlistat is negligible; at a clinically efficacious dose level, orlistat is unlikely to produce systemic lipase inhibition.
Algorithm for instant overcurrent relays based on the angle variations of current phasor

An algorithm based on the angle variations of the current phasor under failure conditions is presented. The current phasor is calculated with the recursive algorithm of the discrete Fourier transform (RDFT). The behavior of the phasorpsilas angle is analyzed under frequency variations according to the standard (plusmn0.5Hz or 0.8% of the nominal frequency). Also the behavior of the phasorpsilas angle is analyzed under failure conditions, simulating different faults in different instants of the sinusoidal waveform of the current. Finally, the obtained algorithm is presented.
Oculomotor localization relies on a damped representation of saccadic eye displacement in human and nonhuman primates

Abstract The oculomotor system has long been thought to rely on an accurate representation of eye displacement or position in a successful attempt to reconcile a stationary target's retinal instability (caused by motion of the eyes) with its corresponding spatial invariance. This is in stark contrast to perceptual localization, which has been shown to rely on a sluggish representation of eye displacement, achieving only partial compensation for the retinal displacement caused by saccadic eye movements. Recent studies, however, have begun to cast doubt on the belief that the oculomotor system posseses a signal of eye displacement superior to that of the perceptual system. To verify this, five humans and one monkey (Macaca nemesthna) served as subjects in this study of oculomotor localization abilities. Subjects were instructed to make eye movements, as accurately as possible, to the locations of three successive visual stimuli. Presentation of the third stimulus (2-ms duration) was timed so that it fell before, during, or after the subject's saccade from the first stimulus to the second. Localization errors in each subject (human and nonhuman) were consistent with the hypothesis that the oculomotor system has access to only a damped representation of eye displacement —a representation similar to that found in perceptual localization studies.
Sensitivity of modeled polarimetric radar ocean scattering to wind direction

The results of airborne and satellite polarimetric radar experiments at Ku- and C-bands indicate that the sensitivity of cross-polarized signals persists for high wind speed when the co-polarized signals saturate. It was found that the cross-polarized return is also sensitive to the anisotropy of the wind-driven waves. Here, our intention is to analyze how well the available theoretical models can reproduce the azimuthal angle behavior of polarimetric radar signals. We calculated the fully polarimetric normalized radar cross section using the numerical code based on a small slope approximation of the second order. These calculations are performed for Ku- and C-bands and for two semi-empirical ocean spectral models. Results are compared with the available experimental data obtained from airborne and satellite platforms. The differences between the theoretical curves and experimental data suggest that some additional contribution, presumably from scattering by steep and breaking waves, needs to be accounted for.
The spade hits Sussita

On a breathtaking ridge overlooking the Sea of Galilee, archaeologists are uncovering one of the cities of the Decapolis, revealing successive layers, first of a thriving pagan city with its Hellenistic temples, then a city of churches in the Byzantine period and finally the destruction by an earthquake, leaving the columns of the cathedral fallen like toothpicks.
Cloud computing: information professionals' and educational technology experts' perspectives

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and personal characteristics such as threat and challenge, self-efficacy and openness to experience, explain information professionals’ and educational technology experts’ perspectives about cloud computing. In addition, the study will investigate any differences between these two tech-savvy groups concerning cloud computing adoption. Design/methodology/approach – The research was conducted in Israel during the second semester of the 2013 academic year. Researchers used seven questionnaires to gather the data. Findings – The current study found that the behavioral intention to use cloud computing was impacted by perceived ease of use and personal innovativeness. Further, the study demonstrated that respondents’ intentions to use cloud computing are affected by personal characteristics such as threat and challenge, self-efficacy, and openness to experience. In addition, it seems that each group has .
H5-HERIC based transformerless multilevel inverter for single-phase grid connected PV systems

Transformerless photovoltaic systems are one of the best options to connect a photovoltaic system to the electrical grid given their high efficiency, low cost, small size and low weight regarding their counterparts based on a transformer. In this paper a multilevel single-phase inverter is aimed to link a photovoltaic generator with the electrical grid with reduced common mode current. A sinusoidal based modulation strategy is also presented which focus not only in the reduction of the common mode current but also in the reduction of the switching and conduction losses. Five voltage levels are obtained at the inverter output, therefore, a good behavior is achieved regarding harmonic distortion. Numerical results show that the proposed inverter and modulation strategy give a reduced common mode current and low harmonic distortion which is suitable for transformerless photovoltaic systems.
Developing Measures of Teacher and Student Understanding in Relation to Learning Trajectories

This paper describes the impact of the OGAP intervention on teachers’ ability to use formative assessment data for instructional decision making. We measured this construct both before and after one and two years of the intervention with an instrument developed to measure teacher knowledge of student thinking in the activity of looking at and responding to student work. We begin with an overview of the design and development of the TASK instrument, and then present quantitative and qualitative findings on the impact on teacher responses.
Apprentissage des schémas de propagation dans les multi-graphes

Nous considerons le probleme de l’etiquetage de noeuds dans un multi-graphe - ou graphe multi-relationnel - dans lequel les noeuds peuvent etre connectes simultanement par differents types de relations. De nombreux problemes se modelisent ainsi, comme par exemple les reseaux sociaux ou bien les bases de donnees bibliographiques. Les relations peuvent etre explicites (par exemple amitie dans un reseau social) ou bien implicite (par exemple des similarites de contenu calculees sur les donnees). Nous proposons ici un algorithme ’apprentissage permettant d’exploiter l’information multi-relationnelle pour la tâche d’etiquetage automatique. Cette methode est capable d’apprendre a combiner de maniere optimale l’influence des differents types de relations sur la propagation des etiquettes entre les noeuds du graphe. Nous decrivons des experiences sur quatre corpus qui montrent la capacite du modele a tirer parti de l’information multi-relationnelle pour des tâches d’etiquetage complexes.
The Serbian Version of the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire in Daily Practice

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children and adolescents and a serious global health problem, thus severely affecting the health related quality of life (HRQL). This study was aimed at exploring the potential role of the Serbian, self administered version of the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) in the routine clinical evaluation of children suffering from bronchial asthma. One hundred Serbian children and adolescents (62 males and 38 females), aged 7 to 17 years, affected by allergic asthma, were enrolled. Each patient was evaluated once, and asthma control and severity were assessed, spirometry was performed, FeNO measurements were performed and the patients completed the self-administered version of the PAQLQ. PAQLQ differed according to asthma severity, NO variation and Asthma Control Test (ACT) score. No correlations were found between the questionnaire's score and FEV1 percent of predicted. The Serbian version of the PAQLQ is a feasible aid to clinical measurements and used in routine practice gives a good insight into asthma control and severity.
Quasi-stationary optimal control for wind farm with closely spaced turbines

Modern wind farms typically comprise a large number of wind turbines spread on a relatively small area. The closely spaced turbines are aerodynamically coupled since they share the common energy resource. The aerodynamical coupling is described by the wake model, which explains how the change in the energy extraction of a single wind turbine affects the operating conditions of other turbines. Wake models provide the basis for optimization of wind farm operation. The paper shows that at wind speeds lower than rated the wind farm power production can be increased by optimizing the rotor speed of individual wind turbines. Furthermore, at wind speeds above rated the power production can be redistributed among the turbines in the wind farm in order to equalize the loads and thus prevent excessive wear and tear of the exposed turbines.
FAR-INFRARED FINE-STRUCTURE LINE DIAGNOSTICS OF ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES

We present Herschel observations of 6 fine-structure lines in 25 ultraluminous infrared galaxies at z < 0.27. The lines, [O iii]52 μm, [N iii]57 μm, [O i]63 μm, [N ii]122 μm, [O i]145 μm, and [C ii]158 μm, are mostly single Gaussians with widths <600 km s−1 and luminosities of 107–109 L☉. There are deficits in the [O i]63/LIR, [N ii]/LIR, [O i]145/LIR, and [C ii]/LIR ratios compared to lower luminosity systems. The majority of the line deficits are consistent with dustier H ii regions, but part of the [C ii] deficit may arise from an additional mechanism, plausibly charged dust grains. This is consistent with some of the [C ii] originating from photodissociation regions or the interstellar medium (ISM). We derive relations between far-IR line luminosities and both the IR luminosity and star formation rate. We find that [N ii] and both [O i] lines are good tracers of the IR luminosity and star formation rate. In contrast, [C ii] is a poor tracer of the IR luminosity and star formation rate, and does not improve as a tracer of either quantity if the [C ii] deficit is accounted for. The continuum luminosity densities also correlate with the IR luminosity and star formation rate. We derive ranges for the gas density and ultraviolet radiation intensity of 101 < n < 102.5 and 102.2 < G0 < 103.6, respectively. These ranges depend on optical type, the importance of star formation, and merger stage. We do not find relationships between far-IR line properties and several other parameters: active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, merger stage, mid-IR excitation, and SMBH mass. We conclude that these far-IR lines arise from gas heated by starlight, and that they are not strongly influenced by AGN activity.
A modified MPPT technique based on the MPP-locus method for photovoltaic system

This paper proposed a modified MPP-Locus method. Compared to the other MPPT methods, the MPP-Locus method is relatively simple to implemented into the PV system. Furthermore, this method does not require the designer's knowledge on the PV characteristic or the FLC rules. However, the conventional MPP-Locus method generally has some drawbacks, such as additional circuits required and less tracking accuracy for some cases. The proposed method can simplify improve the tracking accuracy, and does not increase the implementation complexity. Different scenarios are analyzed and simulated according to the irradiance change. Both simulation and experimental evaluation demonstrate the superior performance over other traditional MPPT methods.
Should Managers Use Team-Based Contests?

When designing contests to motivate employees, should managers organize employees to compete in teams or as individuals? We develop a behavioral economics model that shows that if contestants are averse to being responsible for the team's loss, a team-based TB contest can yield higher effort than an individual-based IB contest. This prediction is contrary to those of standard economics models, which favor IB contests over TB contests. We test the competing predictions using laboratory economics experiments. The results show that when contestants do not know each other, average effort levels in the TB and IB contests are not different. When contestants are allowed to socialize with potential teammates before making effort decisions, TB contests yield higher effort relative to IB contests. We also show that the relative efficacy of TB contests is driven by contestants' aversion to letting their team down. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/mnsc.2013. 1743 . This paper was accepted by Peter Wakker, decision analysis.
Seafloor topography and the thermal budget of Earth

The subsidence of an aging seafloor starts to slow down at ∼70 Ma old with respect to the prediction of simple half-space cooling, and this phenomenon has long been known as seafloor flattening. The flattening signal remains ev en after removing the influence of the emplacement of hotspot islands and oceanic plateaus. The combination of small-scale convection and radiogenic heating has been suggested as a me ch nism to explain seafloor flattening, and this study explores a possibility of using th e magnitude of seafloor flattening to constrain the amount of radiogenic heating in the convectin g mantle. By comparing properly scaled geodynamic predictions with the observed age-depth r lation of the normal seafloor, the mantle heat production is estimated to be ∼ 12±3 TW, which supports geochemistry-based estimates. A widely-held notion that small-scale convecti on enhances cooling thus being unable to explain seafloor flattening is suggested to be incor re t. The ability to predict the age-depth relation of seafloor based on the thermal budget of Earth has an important bearing on the future theoretical study of early Earth evolution.
Pediatric thyroid FNA biopsy: Outcomes and impact on management over 24 years at a tertiary care center

Thyroid malignancy is rare in young children, although the incidence increases sharply during adolescence. Nodular thyroid disease and thyroid cancer in children differ substantially from those in adults, because the rates of malignancy among children are roughly 5‐fold higher, and local and distant metastases as well as recurrences are more common. Even with the recent introduction of pediatric guidelines, there remains a paucity of pediatric data on which to base clinical decision making. The objectives of this study were to characterize the outcomes of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of nodular thyroid disease at a pediatric tertiary‐care institution over a 24‐year period and to relate cytopathology to histopathology and management decisions in this population.
Staff and Student Perceptions of Plagiarism and Cheating

Cheating, plagiarism, and other forms of academic misconduct are a significant issue in higher education. In this study, the attitudes of academic staff and students in a 3 year undergraduate nursing program to various forms of academic misconduct were assessed and compared. Fortynine percent of staff and 39% of students thought that cheating on assessment tasks was common with “copying a few paragraphs and not citing the source” the most common form. Differences existed in beliefs about why cheating occurred with staff endorsing the view that students lacked an understanding of the rules. Students, on the other hand, felt that wanting a better grade and having too many assessment items were strong motivators for cheating. Students also tended to favor “lighter sentences” (e.g., warnings, resubmission) as penalties for plagiarism. This study has shown that while staff and students have similar overall perceptions about cheating and plagiarism there are areas where the differences in perception may be contributing to mixed messages about the seriousness of various cheating behaviors.
Testing object-oriented systems

table illustrating the interdependencies among the levels. The rest of the book is devoted to various explanatory and informative appendices, including the availability of TPI worksheets on the Internet and a description of various test tools. Also discussed is TMap (Test Management approach), which provides an approach for structured testing of software products. TMap has been evolving towards the standard for software testing in the Netherlands. Perhaps the only persistent, yet minor, defect in the book results from the fact that the authors are evidently Dutch, writing in their second language. Some of the terminology is slightly confusing, and some of the grammar and syntax is a little terse. For a somewhat amusing example, in a list showing what to do in order to evaluate test tools, the sentence "Execute a pilot implies, at first glance to an English speaker, that they should shoot someone who flies an airplane! All of that aside, the infractions are very minor, and one should be able to figure out what everything means within its context. In summary, this book should be on the bookshelf of anyone who is sincerely interested in improving the software testing process at their organization. It establishes a bridge between the books which describe overall process improvement (e.g. via the CMM) and the books which focus only on detailed testing techniques. It is a rather small book, yet it spells out what seems to be a well-thought-out approach to improving a test process. Testing Object-Oriented Systems is a massive work of some 1200 pages in 19 chapters. It is partly philosophical and literary in style beginning with the table of contents with poetic philosophy from the Zen of Programming. The author is well known in software publishing circles having written for Object Magazine, Communications of the ACM, and several other high profile software publications. Mr. Binder has crafted the book into four independent parts such that the reader can go through them in any order. The four main parts are Preliminary(Software 101), Test Models, Test Patterns and Test Tools. This book should be prudently considered by anyone who is serious about designing high quality O-O software. In the software scheme of things there are two basic types of software developers. One type is a mathematician at heart and the other is not. The mathematician type will thoroughly enjoy the way the author introduces a concept with a math puzzler. …
GeNIe: A Development Environment for Graphical Decision-Analytic Models

Decision-analytic modeling tools, such as Bayesian networks and influence diagrams, are increasingly finding successful applications in medical informatics. Their major strengths are sound theoretical foundations, ability to combine existing data with expert knowledge, and the intuitive framework of directed graphs. is a general-purpose development environment for graphical decision-analytic models. Its reasoning engine, ( tructural odeling, nference, and earning ngine) is a fully portable library of C++ classes implementing graphical decision-analytic methods and directly amenable to inclusion in intelligent information systems. , an Active-X Windows version of , allows the library to be accessed from any Windows programming environment, including direct access from WWW pages. We have made all three modules available free of charge for non-commercial research, teaching, and personal use at the following address: http://www2.sis. pitt.edu/~genie since July 1998. As of March 1999, there are over 1,300 users from over 50 countries. While current applications of and cover a range of fields, a growing number of users apply and in medical informatics training and in building medical informatics systems, for example in medical diagnosis and therapy planning.