Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eine regionale Prospektivstudie psychischer Folgeerscheinungen der Notlagenabruptio*

: 117 (45%) of the 263 women of German nationality who underwent socially indicated abortions in the postal-code area 2300 (Kiel) in the first quarter of 1982 were investigated before the abortion as well as one year later. As far as age, marital status and number of children were concerned, these women did not differ significantly from the other 55%. One year later information was collected on the women's emotional adjustment by means of a questionnaire concerning feelings of guilt and loss, personal reports of adjustment process and the investigator's judgement. According to the findings, 79% of the women had adjusted without any problems, 14% were still in a state of emotional imbalance, 7% were clearly impaired emotionally and in their everydays functioning. 21% of the women, who had adjustment problems, had already been more depressive before the abortion. One year later, they were also more depressive than the other women, more dissatisfied with their lives in general and with their sex lives. They were in greater doubt as to whether they had made the right decision, showed less inclination to consider a further abortion and reported stronger post-abortive feelings of guilt. Significantly connected with later emotional difficulties were low social class, a difficult financial situation, lack of intrapsychic differentiation between sex and reproduction, no partner or negative relation with partner and partner disagreements, particularly in the case where the male partner was more in favour of abortion than the woman. Statistically insignificant, although tendencially noticeable were social isolation, non-employment and pre-pregnancy psychical problems. Age, marital status, number of children, simultaneous abortion/sterilisation, previous abortions, a broken home in the patient's youth had no effect on the emotional adjustment after the abortion. The common factor of all variables predicting post-abortive emotional problems seems to be an external motivation for abortion together with a greater ambivalence towards the pregnancy.
Clinical studies of induction agents. XVI: a comparison of thiopentone, buthalitone, hexobarbitone and thiamylal as induction agents.

SUMMARY Results are presented of a comparative clinical trial of thiopentone, buthalitone, hexobarbitone and thiamylal, which extended over five years and was carried out by twenty-three anaesthetists. Thiopentone and thiamylal produced consistently good anaesthesia, but the respiratory and circulatory complications occurring with hexobarbitone and buthalitone were of sufficient frequency and severity as to make their continued use in anaesthesia difficult to justify. Hexobarbitone also caused an unacceptably high incidence of excitatory phenomena, particularly in the absence of opiate premedication. The trial was carried out in several parts, including a "double blind" study, and the results were pooled with those of three series already published from this department, to produce a total of 15,181 administrations. There was remarkable consistency in the results obtained in different parts of the investigation.
Efficient relevance estimation and value calibration of evolutionary algorithm parameters

Calibrating the parameters of an evolutionary algorithm (EA) is a laborious task. The highly stochastic nature of an EA typically leads to a high variance of the measurements. The standard statistical method to reduce variance is measurement replication, i.e., averaging over several test runs with identical parameter settings. The computational cost of measurement replication scales with the variance and is often too high to allow for results of statistical significance. In this paper we study an alternative: the REVAC method for Relevance Estimation and Value Calibration, and we investigate how different levels of measurement replication influence the cost and quality of its calibration results. Two sets ofof experiments are reported: calibrating a genetic algorithm on standard benchmark problems, and calibrating a complex simulation in evolutionary agent-based economics. We find that measurement replication is not essential to REVAC, which emerges as a strong and efficient alternative to existing statistical methods.
Artifacts in Musculoskeletal MR Imaging

Abstract MR imaging has become an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of a vast number of pathologies and is of foremost importance in the evaluation of spine, joints, and soft tissue structures of the musculoskeletal system. MR imaging is susceptible to various artifacts that may affect the image quality or even simulate pathologies. Some of these artifacts have gained special importance with the use of higher field strength magnets and with the increasing need for MR imaging in postoperative patients, especially those with previous joint replacements or metallic implants. Artifacts may arise from patient motion or could be due to periodic motion, such as vascular and cardiac pulsation. Artifacts could also arise from various protocol errors including saturation, wraparound, truncation, shading, partial volume averaging, and radiofrequency interference artifacts. Susceptibility artifact occurs at interfaces with different magnetic susceptibilities and is of special importance with increasing use of metallic joint replacement prostheses. Magic angle phenomenon is a special type of artifact that occurs in musculoskeletal MR imaging. It is essential to recognize these artifacts and to correct them because they may produce pitfalls in image interpretation.
The emergence of music from the Theory of Mind

It is commonly argued that music originated in human evolution as an adaptation to selective pressures. In this paper we present an alternative account in which music originated from a more general adaptation known as a Theory of Mind (ToM). ToM allows an individual to recognise the mental and emotional state of conspecifics, and is pivotal in the cultural transmission of knowledge. We propose that a specific form of ToM, Affective Engagement, provides the foundation for the emergence of music. Underpinned by the mirror neuron system of empathy and imitation, music achieves engagement by drawing from pre-existing functions across multiple modalities. As a multimodal phenomenon, music generates an emotional experience through the broadened activation of channels that are to be empathically matched by the audio-visual mirror neuron system.
Diverse and Widespread Contamination Evident in the Unmapped Depths of High Throughput Sequencing Data

Background Trace quantities of contaminating DNA are widespread in the laboratory environment, but their presence has received little attention in the context of high throughput sequencing. This issue is highlighted by recent works that have rested controversial claims upon sequencing data that appear to support the presence of unexpected exogenous species. Results I used reads that preferentially aligned to alternate genomes to infer the distribution of potential contaminant species in a set of independent sequencing experiments. I confirmed that dilute samples are more exposed to contaminating DNA, and, focusing on four single-cell sequencing experiments, found that these contaminants appear to originate from a wide diversity of clades. Although negative control libraries prepared from ‘blank’ samples recovered the highest-frequency contaminants, low-frequency contaminants, which appeared to make heterogeneous contributions to samples prepared in parallel within a single experiment, were not well controlled for. I used these results to show that, despite heavy replication and plausible controls, contamination can explain all of the observations used to support a recent claim that complete genes pass from food to human blood. Conclusions Contamination must be considered a potential source of signals of exogenous species in sequencing data, even if these signals are replicated in independent experiments, vary across conditions, or indicate a species which seems a priori unlikely to contaminate. Negative control libraries processed in parallel are essential to control for contaminant DNAs, but their limited ability to recover low-frequency contaminants must be recognized.
Remodeling in peripheral vein graft revisions: serial study with three-dimensional ultrasound imaging.

OBJECTIVE Remodeling of vein grafts in the lower limb can lead to stenotic lesions that threaten long-term graft patency. Progressive changes in vein graft geometry were measured at sites of repaired stenoses with three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound imaging. METHODS Ten vein graft revisions with patch angioplasty were followed up for 31 to 47 weeks. Four revisions were at valve sites, and six were at sites of diffuse intimal hyperplasia. Sets of spatially registered two-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional ultrasound images were assembled to create 3D computer models of each vein graft. Cross-sectional area measurements in planes normal to the vessel center axis were calculated from the 3D surface reconstructions. Data sets from serial studies were registered in a common coordinate system, and cross-sectional area measurements were compared at matched sites. RESULTS Three of the four vein graft revisions at valve sites changed by less than 18%, and one decreased in cross-sectional area by 61%. Five of the six revisions at sites of diffuse intimal hyperplasia demonstrated significant decreases in lumen area ranging from 26% to 61%, and one revision exhibited no significant change in cross-sectional area. Reproducibility of the cross-sectional area measurements derived from the 3D imaging technique was 6.9%. CONCLUSIONS Sequential area measurements from 3D ultrasound scans demonstrated different remodeling patterns and rates of change among revision sites within the vein grafts. Lumen narrowing documented with 3D scanning was not associated with consistent flow velocity changes on conventional duplex graft surveillance scans.
Near-Optimal Relaying Strategy for Cooperative Broadcast Channels

We propose a near-optimal relaying strategy for cooperative broadcast channels (CBC), CBC-SSAF, based on the class of sequential slotted amplify and forward (SSAF) strategies. Our strategy allows each destination to act in turn as a relay and forward its previously received signal to other destinations. While CBC-SSAF is not a full multiplexing gain strategy, the loss is negligible when the number of destinations is large. Moreover, CBC-SSAF allows each destination to be protected by the maximum number of extra paths in order to achieve the near-optimal diversity gain in the high multiplexing gain regime. A diversity and multiplexing tradeoff (DMT) lower bound for CBC-SSAF is derived which suggests that our proposed relaying strategy approaches the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) DMT upper bound and is therefore asymptotically optimal.
Eighteen months post-treatment naturalistic follow-up study of mentalization-based therapy and supportive group treatment of borderline personality disorder: Clinical outcomes and functioning

This study presents 18 months naturalistic follow-up data from a randomized outcome study comparing 2 years of combined (individual and group) mentalization-based treatment (MBT) and supportive group psychotherapy (SP) for patients with borderline personality disorder. Development during follow-up was assessed using a battery of self-report questionnaires, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV axis II personality disorders, (SCID-II), present state examination (PSE) interviews, and therapist-rated Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). A total of 58 of 63 patients who had completed 2 years of treatment participated. Treatment effects attained at termination were sustained at 18 months follow-up, and there were no significant differences between the groups. Half of the patients in the MBT group met criteria for functional remission at follow-up, compared with less than one fifth in the SP group. Three quarters of the participants in both groups had achieved diagnostic remission, and almost half of the patients had attained symptomatic remission on most outcome measures 18 months after treatment termination. It is concluded that significant outcome of 2-year MBT and SP conducted by experienced therapists in a well-organized clinic was sustained 18 months after treatment termination.
Tree species effects on stand transpiration in northern Wisconsin

We quantified canopy transpiration (EC) using sap flux measurements representing the four major forest types (northern hardwoods, conifer, aspen/fir, and forested wetland) around the WLEF‐TV tall tower in northern Wisconsin. In order to scale individual sap flux measurements to EC, we quantified the amount of sapwood area per unit ground area and the spatial distribution of sap flux within trees. Contrary to our hypothesis that all tree species would have the same positive relationship between tree diameter and sapwood depth, white cedar and speckled alder, both wetland species, showed no relationship. We also hypothesized that the conifer trees would have a lower whole tree hydraulic conductance than deciduous trees. We actually discovered that white cedar had the highest hydraulic conductance. Our third hypothesis, that sapwood area per unit ground area would determine stand EC, was not rejected. The resulting average daily EC values over 53 days (23 June to 16 August 2000) from combining sap flux and sapwood area per unit ground area were 1.4, 0.8, 2.1, and 1.4 mm d−1 for conifer, northern hardwoods, aspen/fir, and forested wetland cover types, respectively. Average daily EC was only explained by an exponential saturation with daily average vapor pressure deficit.
THE MOLECULAR PROPERTIES OF GALACTIC H ii REGIONS

We derive the molecular properties for a sample of 301 Galactic H ii regions including 123 ultra compact (UC), 105 compact, and 73 diffuse nebulae. We analyze all sources within the BU-FCRAO Galactic Ring Survey (GRS) of 13CO emission known to be H ii regions based upon the presence of radio continuum and cm-wavelength radio recombination line emission. Unlike all previous large area coverage 13CO surveys, the GRS is fully sampled in angle and yet covers ∼75 deg2 of the Inner Galaxy. The angular resolution of the GRS (46″) allows us to associate molecular gas with H ii regions without ambiguity and to investigate the physical properties of this molecular gas. We find clear CO/H ii morphological associations in position and velocity for ∼80% of the nebular sample. Compact H ii region molecular gas clouds are on average larger than UC clouds: 2. ′2 compared to 1. ′7. Compact and UC H ii regions have very similar molecular properties, with ∼5 K line intensities and ∼4 km s−1 line widths. The diffuse H ii region molecular gas has lower line intensities, ∼3 K, and smaller line widths, ∼3.5 km s−1. These latter characteristics are similar to those found for quiescent molecular clouds in the GRS. Our sample nebulae thus show evidence for an evolutionary sequence wherein small, dense molecular gas clumps associated with UC H ii regions grow into older compact nebulae and finally fragment and dissipate into large, diffuse nebulae.
Self-Tuning Service Provisioning for Decentralized Cloud Applications

Cloud computing has revolutionized service delivery by providing on-demand invocation and elasticity. To reap these benefits, computation has been displaced from client devices and into data centers. This partial centralization is undesirable for applications that have stringent locality requirements, e.g., low latency. This problem could be addressed with large numbers of smaller cloud resources closer to users. However, as cloud computing diffuses from within data centers and into the network, there will be a need for cloud resource allocation algorithms that operate on resource-constrained computational units that serve localized subsets of customers. In this paper, we present a mechanism for service provisioning in distributed clouds where applications compete for resources. The mechanism operates by enabling execution zones to assign resources based on Vickrey auctions and provides high-quality probabilistic models that applications can use to predict the outcomes of such auctions. This allows applications to use knowledge of the locality distribution of their clients to accurately select the number of bids to be sent to each execution zone and their value. The proposed mechanism is highly scalable, efficient, and validated by extensive simulations.
The Internationalisation of Business and the International Manager

The increasing internationalisation of business and transition to a global economy are discussed, with special detail on the views of UK and Scandinavian managers as revealed by a “Management for the Future” project carried out at Ashridge Management College. Cultural factors, including national differences in management style, and readiness to learn foreign languages, can be modified by management development processes. For the international manager of the future, however, attitudes and values may also need to develop a greater openness.
A novel heuristic algorithm for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA wireless sensor networks

This paper introduces a novel heuristic algorithm for N-user detection in synchronous CDMA multiple access networks. In such systems, the performance of the conventional single-user detection technique (i.e. a rake receiver compounded by a set of matched filters) is clearly bounded by the well-known Multiple Access Interference (MAI). To avoid this limitation, the optimum Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection scheme seeks the best solution by performing an exhaustive search over the entire set of N-dimensional information vectors, which entails a computational complexity exponentially increasing with the number of nodes N. The heuristic procedure presented in this manuscript provides a set of near-optimum candidate vectors at a dramatically lower computational complexity. Intensive computer simulations show that our heuristic proposal outperforms the conventional single-user rake receiver, while getting close to the optimum albeit complex ML detector.
Adaptive attentional attunement: Perceptions of danger and attention to outgroup men

The way people perceive others is fundamentally shaped by motives designed to help people navigate the challenges of everyday social life. Those motives can lead goal-relevant social stimuli to capture attention at early stages of information processing. The authors present data suggesting a link between perceptions of danger and selective attention to outgroup males. Participants underwent a minimal group manipulation and then performed a dot probe task assessing attentional biases. People who perceived the outgroup as dangerous had their attention captured selectively by images of outgroup males. Danger perceptions were unassociated with attention to outgroup females and ingroup targets. These findings fit with recent evolutionary analyses suggesting that self-protective motives promote cognitive vigilance to outgroup men and that human perceptual systems have been shaped by a long ancestral history of intergroup conflict. More broadly, this research extends a growing literature suggesting that attentio.
Bracing Scoliosis - State of the Art (Mini-Review).

UNLABELLED Spinal bracing is indicated in moderate to severe curves during growth. Brace effectiveness in halting progression of adolescent idiopathic scolisosis has been shown in a Cochrane review and in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The outcome of brace treatment is dependent on the extent of in-brace correction and compliance. We have reviewed the literature on bracing to determine the types of brace that offer the best in-brace correction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature has been searched for papers on bracing with documented in-brace corrections and long-term results. RESULTS The in-brace percentage of correction of asymmetric braces is generally higher than that of the symmetric braces. According to the literature found in our search, long-term corrections are possible when starting treatment early, at an immature stage and with asymmetric braces of recent standards. CONCLUSIONS Bracing today is supported by high quality evidence (Level I). Asymmetric braces have led to better corrections than that described for symmetric braces. An improvement of the average corrective effect has been described due to the latest CAD / CAM development. Long-term corrections are possible when starting brace treatment early, at an immature stage and with asymmetric braces of recent standards.
A reassessment of the D.C. gun law : Some cautionary notes on the use of interrupted time series designs for policy impact assessment

Interrupted time series designs are commonly used to assess the impact of gun control legislation, as well as other legal and policy changes. Three common problems in the use of these designs — (1) selection of an appropriate control series, (2) specification of the intervention model, and (S) specification of the time series studied — raise questions about the validity of the conclusions reached in research on the impact of gun control. We illustrate these problems with a critical reassessment of Lofrin et al.'s (1991) evaluation of the 1976 District of Columbia Gun Law. We then use monthly homicide data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the National Center for Health Statistics to illustrate how careful consideration of these three design issues results in a significantly different conclusion about the effectiveness of the District of Columbia Gun Law. http://www.jstor. org/stable/3053963
Relationships Between God and People: An Interpersonal Study of Scriptures

In past research we systematically examined relationships between God and people portrayed in English narratives from the Torah and New Testament. This article extends this comparative approach to include English narratives from the Qur'an. There were 763 interpersonal narratives from these three scriptures that were examined. Frequent themes for God/human relationships included “helpful,” “divine,” “hurtful,” and “controlling” representations. In all scriptures' global patterns, the most frequently appearing themes for God's wishes and responses toward people were positive relationship themes. Narratives about men exemplars and women showed many positive relationship themes, often with humble or cooperative themes as highest ranking responses from people. All scriptures showed evidence of in-group out-group bias. Differences between scriptures included results on the nature of highest scored global themes and how scripture narratives portrayed in-group out-group bias.
The Influence of Trainee Conceptual Level, Trainee Anxiety, and Supervision Evaluation on Counselor Developmental Level

This study empirically addressed the debate between Holloway (1987) and Stoltenburg and Delworth (1988) concerning counselor development. Specifically, the study examined counselor trainee conceptual level, type of supervision environment, and trainee anxiety as predictors of counselor developmental level. Twenty-nine master's level trainees (5 men, 24 women) saw one client for three sessions and received supervision for advanced doctoral students or faculty. The design was a 2x2 (Evaluative Supervision Environment versus Non-Evaluative Supervision Environment x High Conceptual Level versus Low Conceptual Level) multivariate design with two covariates (Trainee Anxiety and Supervisory Prior Experience). MANCOVAs indicated that there was (a) an significant interaction for Trainee Conceptual Level and Supervision Environment, (b) a significant main effect for Trainee Conceptual Level, and (c) a significant covariate effect for Anxiety. Discussion focuses on theoretical, training, and methodological issues.