Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical unclonable function with tristate buffers

The lack of robust tamper-proofing techniques in security applications has provided attackers the ability to virtually circumvent mathematically strong cryptographic primitives by directly attacking the hardware. Consequently, physical tamper-proofing has emerged as an essential element in secure system design. To this end, physical unclonable functions (PUF) have been proposed to build tamper proof hardware and thereby create secure data storages. A delay based PUF scheme was proposed which uses the intrinsic process variations to randomize switches and thereby implement a pseudorandom function family. When tampered with, the device experiences a change in its internal physical parameters. This will alter the pseudorandom function family. Therefore, rendering an attack unsuccessful. In this paper, we propose a delay based PUF circuit that is constructed from tristate buffers. The proposed PUF circuit consumes less power and requires less area. Furthermore, we develop a linear delay model which turns out to be identical to that of switch based PUFs. Hence, the nonlinearization techniques proposed to secure switch based PUFs can directly be applied to secure tristate PUFs as well.
Future Prospects of Widebandgap (WBG) Semiconductor Power Switching Devices

Electrical power switching devices based on widebandgap (WBG) semiconductors have the potential for transformative impact on a wide range of energy conversion applications. Significantly improved electrical and thermal conductivities of WBG semiconductors compared with the semiconductor silicon have the potential for more efficient, compact, and robust power conversion systems. However, to offset inherently higher manufacturing cost of WBG power devices and obtain system-level benefits, power converters need to be operated at higher semiconductor chip junction temperatures and/or at higher switching frequencies. This paper discusses the future prospects of WBG-based power electronics by considering the current state of the art of WBG chip manufacturing, packaging, and thermal management technologies.
Robust and accurate prediction of residue–residue interactions across protein interfaces using evolutionary information

Do the amino acid sequence identities of residues that make contact across protein interfaces covary during evolution? If so, such covariance could be used to predict contacts across interfaces and assemble models of biological complexes. We find that residue pairs identified using a pseudo-likelihood-based method to covary across protein–protein interfaces in the 50S ribosomal unit and 28 additional bacterial protein complexes with known structure are almost always in contact in the complex, provided that the number of aligned sequences is greater than the average length of the two proteins. We use this method to make subunit contact predictions for an additional 36 protein complexes with unknown structures, and present models based on these predictions for the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporter, the tripartite efflux system, the pyruvate formate lyase-activating enzyme complex, and the methionine ABC transporter. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.02030. 001
Wireless Power Transmission for Mobile and Wheel Chair Charging of Physically Challenged People

In this project wireless power transfer is used for providing power supply to various loads using a mobile wheel chair. This chair is operated using RF technology. This project integrates two wireless technologies: wireless power transfer and RF technology. The working principle behind wireless power transmission is electromagnetic induction. Wireless power or wireless energy transmission is the transmission of electrical energy from a power source to an electrical load without man-made conductors. Wireless transmission is useful in cases where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous, or impossible.
Mantle Dynamics 7 . 01 Mantle Dynamics Past , Present and Future : An Introduction and Overview ∗

7.01. 2 A Historical Perspective on Mantle Dynamics 2 7.01. 2.1 Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford (1753-1814) . 3 7.01. 2.2 John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919) . 7 7.01. 2.3 Henri Claude Bénard (1874-1939) . 10 7.01. 2.4 Arthur Holmes (1890-1965) . 13 7.01. 2.5 Anton Hales and Chaim Pekeris . 15 7.01. 2.5. 1 Anton Linder Hales (1911-2006) . 16 7.01. 2.5. 2 Chaim Leib Pekeris (1908-1993) . 18 7.01. 2.6 Harry Hammond Hess (1906-1969) . 21 7.01. 2.7 Stanley Keith Runcorn 1922-1995 . 23 7.01. 2.8 Mantle convection theory in the last 40 years . 26
ICP stereo visual odometry for wheeled vehicles based on a 1DOF motion prior

In this paper, we propose a novel, efficient stereo visual-odometry algorithm for ground vehicles moving in outdoor environments. To avoid the drawbacks of computationally-expensive outlier-removal steps based on random-sample schemes, we use a single-degree-of-freedom kinematic model of the vehicle to initialize an Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm that is utilized to select high-quality inliers. The motion is then computed incrementally from the inliers using a standard linear 3D-to-2D pose-estimation method without any additional batch optimization. The performance of the approach is evaluated against state-of-the-art methods on both synthetic data and publicly-available datasets (e.g., KITTI and Devon Island) collected over several kilometers in both urban environments and challenging off-road terrains. Experiments show that the our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in accuracy, runtime, and ease of implementation.
L'implication organisationnelle et la satisfaction au travail sont-ils des concepts pertinents pour les experts-comptables stagiaires ?

L'objectif de la recherche est de s'interroger sur la pertinence des concepts d'implication organisationnelle et de satisfaction au travail dans le contexte de cabinets d'expertise comptable francais. L'analyse empirique menee sur la population des experts comptables stagiaires a mis en evidence la pertinence de ces concepts et la correlation negative entre l'implication affective et la satisfaction au travail.
Can an Entrepreneurial Personality Compensate for a Boring Job?

We examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and employee engagement by studying 101 Indian managers across three companies. In addition, we studied the moderating role of three job characteristics (autonomy, skill variety and task feedback) on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and employee engagement. The results of this study show that individuals who score high on entrepreneurial orientation are likely to score high on employee engagement. In addition, we found that individuals high on entrepreneurial orientation experienced high engagement levels when their jobs were characterised by low levels of autonomy, low levels of skill variety and high levels of task feedback. The findings indicate that a proactive personality does compensate for some non-motivating elements of job design.
New Specifications for Exponential Random Graph Models

The most promising class of statistical models for expressing structural properties of social networks observed at one moment in time is the class of exponential random graph models (ERGMs), also known as p* models. The strong point of these models is that they can represent a variety of structural tendencies, such as transitivity, that define complicated dependence patterns not easily modeled by more basic probability models. Recently, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms have been developed that produce approximate maximum likelihood estimators. Applying these models in their traditional specification to observed network data often has led to problems, however, which can be traced back to the fact that important parts of the parameter space correspond to nearly degenerate distributions, which may lead to convergence problems of estimation algorithms, and a poor fit to empirical data. This paper proposes new specifications of exponential random graph models. These specifications represent structural properties such as transitivity and heterogeneity of degrees by more complicated graph statistics than the traditional star and triangle counts. Three kinds of statistics are proposed: geometrically weighted degree distributions, alternating k-triangles, and alternating independent two-paths. Examples are presented both of modeling graphs and digraphs, in which the new specifications lead to much better results than the earlier existing specifications of the ERGM. It is concluded that the new specifications increase the range and applicability of the ERGM as a tool for the statistical analysis of social networks.
Extracting Development Organization from Open Source Software

The increasing demand for open source software in various fields of computer science is obvious. Many developers adopt open source software in their development process, organization culture, and products. Hence, there are many cases where developers who are new to open source software should maintain and continue to develop the software. This paper suggests a methodology to evaluate unseen organizational effort for open source software. It proposes ways to coordinate developers to maintain it.
Clinical TVA-based studies: a general review

In combination with whole report and partial report tasks, the theory of visual attention (TVA) can be used to estimate individual differences in five basic attentional parameters: the visual processing speed, the storage capacity of visual short-term memory, the perceptual threshold, the efficiency of top–down selectivity, and the spatial bias of attentional weighting. TVA-based assessment has been used in about 30 studies to investigate attentional deficits in a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions: (a) neglect and simultanagnosia, (b) reading disturbances, (c) aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and most recently (d) neurodevelopmental disorders. The article introduces TVA based assessment, discusses its methodology and psychometric properties, and reviews the progress made in each of the four research fields. The empirical results demonstrate the general usefulness of TVA-based assessment for many types of clinical neuropsychological research. The method’s most important qualities are cognitive specificity and theoretical grounding, but it is also characterized by good reliability and sensitivity to minor deficits. The review concludes by pointing to promising new areas for clinical TVA-based research.
The Colors of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy Globular Cluster Systems, Nuclei, and Stellar Halos

We present the results of a Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 F555W and F814W survey of 69 dwarf elliptical galaxies (dEs) in the Virgo and Fornax Clusters and Leo Group. The V - I colors of the dE globular clusters, nuclei, and underlying field-star populations are used to trace the dE star formation histories. We find that the dE globular cluster candidates are as blue as the metal-poor globular clusters of the Milky Way. The observed correlation of the dE globular cluster systems' V - I color with the luminosity of the host dE is strong evidence that the globular clusters were formed within the halos of dEs and do not have a pregalactic origin. Assuming that the majority of dE clusters are old, the mean globular cluster color-host galaxy luminosity correlation implies a cluster metallicity-galaxy luminosity relation of ⟨ZGC⟩ ∝ L, which is significantly shallower than the field-star metallicity-host galaxy luminosity relationship observed in Local Group dwarfs (⟨ZFS⟩ ∝ L0.4). The dE stellar envelopes are 0.1-0.2 mag redder in V - I than their globular clusters and nuclei. This color offset implies separate star formation episodes within the dEs for the clusters and field stars, while the very blue colors of two dE nuclei trace a third star formation event in those dEs less than 1 Gyr ago.
INAOE at QAST 2009: Evaluating the Usefulness of a Phonetic Codification of Transcriptions

This paper describes the participation of the Laboratory of Language Technologies of INAOE at the QAST 2009 track. This participation was mainly focused on the evaluation of an enriched representation of transcriptions based on their phonetic codification. The idea that motivated the development of this new representation was to reduce the impact of the transcription errors by characterizing words with similar pronunciations through the same phonetic code. The achieved results were unsatisfactory since they indicate the phonetic information had no impact on the answer accuracy, even for those cases considering the transcriptions of lower quality.
Winter 2-20-2004 NMR-based Structural Studies of the Glycosylated MUC 1 Tandem Repeat Peptide

MUC1 is a glycoprotein that plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis. In order to study the effect of glycosylation on the conformational propensities of the tandem repeat domain of MUC1, we have determined the structure of the MUC1 tandem repeat peptide AHGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPP, O-glycosylated with the trisaccharide ( -Glc-1,4-Glc-1,4-GalNAc-) at Thr5. This glycopeptide was synthesized to model a heavily Oglycosylated threonine residue in the tandem repeat domain. The NMR experiments used in this study included TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, DQF-COSY, HSQC and 1D NMR. The peak volumes determined using the program SPARKY were converted into distance constraints using the program CALIBA. The programs FiSiNOE and HABAS were used to generate angle constraints. Using conformational restraints obtained from NMR, the program DYANA was used to determine the structures of the peptide. Finally, structural refinement was performed within the SYBYL software package using GLYCAM parameters and Kollman-all atom types. The presence of strong sequential N connectivities suggested an extended conformation of the peptide backbone. Strong sequential connectivities were indicative of a trans conformation of the Ala-Pro peptide bonds. In addition, presence of sequential NN connectivities in the peptide segments Gly3-Val4-Thr5Ser6, Asp9-Thr10-Arg11 and Gly-Ser16 were indicative of twist-like conformations of the peptide backbone in these peptide segments.
Watching Together: Integrating Conversation with Video

Watching video online is becoming increasingly popular, and new video streaming technologies have the potential to transform video-watching from a passive, isolating experience into an active, socially engaging experience. However, the viability of an active social experience is unclear: both chatting and watching video require attention, and may interfere with one another and detract from the experience. In this paper, we empirically examine the activity of chatting while watching video online. We examine how groups of friends and strangers interact, and find that chat has a positive influence on social relationships, and people chat despite being distracted. We discuss the benefits and opportunities provided by mixing chat and video, uncover some of the attentional and social challenges inherent in this combination of media, and provide guidance for structuring the video-watching experience.
Prefrontal Cortex HCN1 Channels Enable Intrinsic Persistent Neural Firing and Executive Memory Function

In many cortical neurons, HCN1 channels are the major contributors to Ih, the hyperpolarization-activated current, which regulates the intrinsic properties of neurons and shapes their integration of synaptic inputs, paces rhythmic activity, and regulates synaptic plasticity. Here, we examine the physiological role of Ih in deep layer pyramidal neurons in mouse prefrontal cortex (PFC), focusing on persistent activity, a form of sustained firing thought to be important for the behavioral function of the PFC during working memory tasks. We find that HCN1 contributes to the intrinsic persistent firing that is induced by a brief depolarizing current stimulus in the presence of muscarinic agonists. Deletion of HCN1 or acute pharmacological blockade of Ih decreases the fraction of neurons capable of generating persistent firing. The reduction in persistent firing is caused by the membrane hyperpolarization that results from the deletion of HCN1 or Ih blockade, rather than a specific role of the hyperpolarization-activated current in generating persistent activity. In vivo recordings show that deletion of HCN1 has no effect on up states, periods of enhanced synaptic network activity. Parallel behavioral studies demonstrate that HCN1 contributes to the PFC-dependent resolution of proactive interference during working memory. These results thus provide genetic evidence demonstrating the importance of HCN1 to intrinsic persistent firing and the behavioral output of the PFC. The causal role of intrinsic persistent firing in PFC-mediated behavior remains an open question.
Impact of husbands' participation in antenatal health education services on maternal health knowledge.

INTRODUCTION A randomized controlled trial was designed to test the impact of involving husbands in antenatal health education on women's maternal health knowledge. METHODS Total 442 women receiving antenatal services at a hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal were randomized into three groups: women who attended education sessions with their husbands, women who attended education sessions alone, and women who attended no education sessions (controls). At baseline and after delivery, women's maternal health knowledge and change in knowledge levels were compared between the groups. RESULTS Compared to control group women, women educated with husbands increased their knowledge scores by an average of 0.61 points (95% CI=0.32-0.89, P<0.001), while women educated alone increased their scores by only 0.34 points (95% CI=0.04-0.65, P<0.05). Women educated with partners could identify more pregnancy complications and family planning methods than women in both other groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that women learn and retain the most information when they are educated with their partners.
The Relationship Between Students’ Reading Orientations and their Strategic Activity During a Collaborative Reading Task

This study examined the connection between middle school students’ beliefs about reading and their use of comprehension strategies during a collaborative reading activity. Seventy-one fifth- and sixth-grade students were videotaped while they worked in small groups to read and discuss short texts describing the reading habits and abilities of four fictitious readers. Students’ conceptions of successful reading were determined based on their rankings of these fictitious readers, and their strategic activity was indexed by coding their use of strategies and the participation roles they assumed while working together. The analyses revealed a strong relationship between students’ conceptions of reading and their patterns of interaction during the collaborative activity. The findings enrich our understanding of this relationship and raise important questions for future investigations.
Upper esophageal sphincter and gastroesophageal junction pressure changes act to prevent gastroesophageal and esophagopharyngeal reflux during apneic episodes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is thought to be induced by decreasing intraesophageal pressure during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, pressure changes in the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) pressure during OSA events have not been measured. The aim of this study was to determine UES and GEJ pressure change during OSA and characterize the GER and esophagopharyngeal reflux (EPR) events during sleep. METHODS We studied 15 controls, nine patients with GER disease (GERD) and without OSA, six patients with OSA and without GERD, and 11 patients with both OSA and GERD for 6 to 8 h postprandially during sleep. We concurrently recorded the following: (1) UES, GEJ, esophageal body (ESO), and gastric pressures by high-resolution manometry; (2) pharyngeal and esophageal reflux events by impedance and pH recordings; and (3) sleep stages and respiratory events using polysomnography. End-inspiration UES, GEJ, ESO, and gastric pressures over intervals of OSA were averaged in patients with OSA and compared with average values for randomly selected 10-s intervals during sleep in controls and patients with GERD. RESULTS ESO pressures decreased during OSA events. However, end-inspiratory UES and GEJ pressures progressively increased during OSA, and at the end of OSA events were significantly higher than at the beginning (P < .01). The prevalence of GER and EPR events during sleep in patients with OSA and GERD did not differ from those in controls, patients with GERD and without OSA, and patients with OSA and without GERD. CONCLUSIONS Despite a decrease in ESO pressure during OSA events, compensatory changes in UES and GEJ pressures prevent reflux.
Multiple intracranial and systemic aneurysms associated with infantile-onset arterial fibromuscular dysplasia

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is usually an adult onset, segmental, nonarteriosclerotic, and noninflammatory vasculopathy involving predominantly systemic medium and small arteries. The renal and extracranial portion of the internal carotid arteries are most commonly affected, followed by visceral and other systemic arteries. According to collective experience, renovascular disease occurs in 60 to 75% of patients with FMD, cerebrovascular disease in 25 to 30%, and multivessel involvement in up to 24%. 1 We report a patient with infantile-onset, biopsy-proven renal and mesenteric FMD, who at age 23 years presented with sudden blindness caused by ophthalmic artery occlusion from FMD and visceral hemorrhages caused by ruptured FMD aneurysms. Case report. Current episode. The patient, a 23-year-old right-handed man with hypertension, was hospitalized for sudden blindness and retroorbital pressure of the right eye, both preceded 3 weeks earlier by tunnel vision of the right eye. On admission, pulse rate was 76 beats per minute and blood pressure 111/87 mm Hg. Multiple, small pulsating protrusions of the scalp were evident. Neurologic examination revealed poor light perception in the right eye, a right afferent pupillary defect, and pallor of the right fundus with swollen optic disc and collapsed peripheral arterioles. Results of funduscopic examination of the left eye were normal. Treatment with acetazolamide, oxygen, and timolol maleate eye drops improved light perception. Admission laboratory …
VEGFR signaling during lymphatic vascular development: From progenitor cells to functional vessels

Lymphatic vessels are an integral component of the cardiovascular system, serving important roles in fluid homeostasis, lipid absorption, and immune cell trafficking. Defining the mechanisms by which the lymphatic vasculature is constructed and remodeled into a functional vascular network not only provides answers to fascinating biological questions, but is fundamental to understanding how lymphatic vessel growth and development goes awry in human pathologies. While long recognized as dysfunctional in lymphedema and exploited as a route of tumor metastasis, recent work has highlighted important roles for lymphatic vessels in modulating immune responses, regulating salt‐sensitive hypertension and important for lung inflation at birth. Substantial progress in our understanding of the signaling pathways important for development and morphogenesis of the lymphatic vasculature has been made in recent years. Here, we review advances in our knowledge of the best characterized of these signaling pathways, that involving the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D, together with their receptors VEGFR2 and VEGFR3. Recent work has defined multiple levels at which signal transduction by means of this key axis is regulated; these include control of ligand processing and bioavailability, modulation of receptor activation by interacting proteins, and regulation of receptor endocytosis and trafficking. Developmental Dynamics 244:323–331, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.