Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Deep Learning for Scene Recognition

Object and scene recognition are usually studied separately. However, research [2]shows that context from scene recognition can greatly improve object recognition performance. The performance of object detectors can be improved by adding information about the type of scene the object is embeded in. This helps disambiguate the class of an object. Gist is an example of a global image feature descriptor for characterizing the global properties of a scene [3]. The aim of our project is to begin exploring the possibility of learning global scene features which can be later used to improve performance of standard object detectors. The main advantage of learning features automatically is that it is di cult to hand engineer features which capture the full statistical properties of natural scenes.
Antibiotic resistance to Propionobacterium acnes: worldwide scenario, diagnosis and management

Antibiotic resistance in cutaneous Propionobacterium is a global problem. As a general rule, resistance levels are high to macrolides, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and clindamycin, while tetracyclines and levofloxacin have low resistance potential. Newer preparations like doxycycline MR and doxycycline 20 mg are subantimicrobial and may not lead to resistance. Sampling techniques are crucial to determine resistance. Genomic evaluation using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing can be useful in diagnosing mutations and mapping phylotypes of Propionobacterium acnes. Resistance may lead to slow response and relapses. Apart from benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, topical dapsone, oral zinc and retinoids, novel molecules with little resistance potential include octadecenedioic acid, phytosphingosine, lauric acid, retapamulin, resveratrol, T-3912 and NB-003. The use of oral retinoids and non-antibiotics like zinc can prevent resistance and help reduce the dependence on antibiotics.
A broad based, grass-roots, community of practice achieving curriculum reform in first year biology

Research scientists in higher education are accusto med to working in groups to solve scientific questions, but when dealing wit h learning and teaching issues, they often find themselves working alon e. In response to concerns about poor student performance in a large first yea r biology student cohort at La Trobe University, a small group of academic staf f consisting of five first year biology lecturers, a first year practical coor dinator, a faculty librarian and a faculty Academic Language and Learning lecturer voluntarily formed a “community of practice” (CoP) in order to implement curriculum reform across the four first year biology subjects. Tradit ionally, these subjects were taught in isolation by staff from different departm ents, even though the student cohort was common between subjects. A lack of cohesion was not an issue for the discipline-specific knowledge; howeve r, generic and laboratory skills such as scientific writing and microscopy we re being taught using different methods, on multiple occasions, to the same students. These considerable inconsistencies caused great confusion amongst the first year students. The First Year Biology Learning and Teaching Group (FYBLTG) aims to streamline the teaching of generic and labo ratory skills by working collaboratively on a whole-of-program-approach. With the benefit of a diverse range of members’ expertise, the FYBLTG has achieved considerable curriculum reform, including the devel opment and implementation of an integrated program of training, tasks a nd assessment which teaches and builds the skills of scientific writing , numeracy, information literacy, practical techniques and independent stud y, throughout first year. A key factor in the group’s success is the sense of c ollegiality that comes from a grass roots CoP, working together to achieve common aims. In this paper, FYBLTG members reflect on their experiences of working collaboratively. Student perceptions of some of the interventions im plemented by the group are also reported.
Developmental Trajectories of Maternal and Paternal Attachment and Delinquency in Adolescence

The present study sought to address two research questions: (1) Are there distinct trajectories of maternal and paternal attachment among adolescents? And if so, (2) How do these trajectories of maternal and paternal attachment relate to delinquent trajectories over the ages of 12 to 16? Using a subsample (n = 383) of the longitudinal Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) data, the results from semi-parametric group-based modeling (SPGM) suggested five groups of maternal attachment, where one trajectory exhibited little to no maternal attachment; another group appeared to have an initially low rate of maternal attachment but increased rather noticeably over time; a third trajectory demonstrated high initial levels of maternal attachment but a general decline over time; and the last two groups exhibited high and rather stable rates of maternal attachment, although one of these groups showed evidence of a decline. Comparatively, the same number of trajectory groups was estimated for paternal attachment, with relatively similar patterns over time as for the maternal attachment trajectories, with the exception of one trajectory that appeared to decline initially before demonstrating a substantial increase. Finally, the results from the joint trajectory analysis indicated that as maternal and paternal attachment increased the likelihood for delinquency decreased. Implications for future research and policy are also discussed.
Constructing a Historical Framework of Terrorism in Australia: From the Fenian Brotherhood to 21st Century Islamic Extremism

ABSTRACT This paper aims to provide the foundation for a history of terrorism in Australia. Within the multidisciplinary field of terrorism studies, there exists no literature that comprehensively attempts to construct a context of terrorism history within Australia. Without such a context, the field is deprived of a basis for both quantitative and qualitative analytical methodologies and techniques that aim to understand, explain, and predict terrorism.
Managing Expectations of Antibiotics for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Qualitative Study

PURPOSE Communication experts have suggested that it is good practice to ask patients’ directly whether they expect to receive antibiotics as part of asking about the triad of ideas, concerns, and expectations for health care. Our aim was to explore the views and experiences of family physicians about using this strategy with their patients, focusing the interview on the problem of eliciting expectations of antibiotics as a possible treatment for upper respiratory tract infections. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study using semistructured interviews with 20 family physicians in South Wales, United Kingdom, and performing thematic analysis. RESULTS Family physicians assumed most patients or parents wanted antibiotics, as well as wanting to be “checked out” to make sure the illness was “nothing serious. ” Physicians said they did not ask direct questions about expectations, as that might lead to confrontation. They preferred to elicit expectations for antibiotics in an indirect manner, before performing a physical examination. The majority described reporting their findings of the examination as a “running commentary” so as to influence expectations and help avoid generating resistance to a soon-to-be-made-explicit plan not to prescribe antibiotics. The physicians used the running commentary to preserve and enhance the physician-patient relationship. CONCLUSIONS Real-world family physicians use indirect methods to explore expectations for treatment and, on the basis of their physical examination, build an argument for reassuring the patient or parent. In contrast to proposed models in the communication literature, interventions to promote appropriate antibiotic prescribing might include a focus on training in communication skills that (1) integrates these indirect methods as part of building collaborative physician-patient relationships and (2) uses the running commentary of examination findings to facilitate participation in clinical decisions.
Aspartic acid in the hippocampus: a biomarker for postoperative cognitive dysfunction

This study established an aged rat model of cognitive dysfunction using anesthesia with 2% isoflurane and 80% oxygen for 2 hours. Twenty-four hours later, Y-maze test results showed that isoflurane significantly impaired cognitive function in aged rats. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that isoflurane also significantly increased the levels of N,N-diethylacetamide, n-ethylacetamide, aspartic acid, malic acid and arabinonic acid in the hippocampus of isoflurane-treated rats. Moreover, aspartic acid, N,N-diethylacetamide, n-ethylacetamide and malic acid concentration was positively correlated with the degree of cognitive dysfunction in the isoflurane-treated rats. It is evident that hippocampal metabolite changes are involved in the formation of cognitive dysfunction after isoflurane anesthesia. To further verify these results, this study cultured hippocampal neurons in vitro, which were then treated with aspartic acid (100 μmol/L). Results suggested that aspartic acid concentration in the hippocampus may be a biomarker for predicting the occurrence and disease progress of cognitive dysfunction.
Proactive key management protocol for multicast services

A group key management is essential scheme guaranteeing data confidentiality in multicast. To provide the strict secrecy in group communication, the rekeying delay has to be minimized. In this paper, we propose a new group key management protocol, called 'Proactive Key Management (PKM)'. We classify the key updating processes into 5 processes in operation order of key updating. By performing 2 key updating process before next rekeying start, PKM can remarkably reduce the rekeying delay. Specifically, we show through simulation result that by applying PKM, the rekeying delay can be reduced up to 80%.
Use of Learning Methods to Improve Kinematic Models

Abstract Kinematic model is the basic aspect in robot design and motion planning. Kinematic models are idealized, however there exist certain specific aspects of particular robot or environment, so that during navigation, the robot can significantly deviate from the planned trajectory. To increase the accuracy of motions, kinematic model can be improved and to achieve that the artificial intelligence methods can be used. In case of fixed base robots different approaches are used to train kinematics, at the same time, for the mobile base robots it proves to be a more complicated task. The reason is that a mobile robot can move unbound with respect to environment thus it is difficult to control the platform without deviation from the target position, which leads to inaccuracy in the position estimate. This paper presents the method meant for improvement of the accuracy of motion of differential drive platform. Genetic programming is used to obtain the wheel velocity function, from which the coefficient, which describes different factor influence on motion, is obtained. As a result, the kinematic model of a particular platform for a particular task is obtained. This method is effective because the developed kinematic model is more specific than the general one.
Representing Small Group Evolution

Understanding the dynamics of network evolution rests in part on the representation chosen to characterize the evolutionary process. We offer a simple, three-parameter representation based on subgraphs that capture three important properties of social networks: leadership, team alignment or bonding among members, and diversity of expertise. When plotted on this representation, the evolution of a typical small group such as start-ups or street gangs has a spiral trajectory, moving toward a tentative fixed point as membership increases to two dozen or so. We show that a simple probabilistic model for recruitment and bonding can not explain these observations, and suggest that strategic moves among group members may come into play.
Planning and Problem Solving

In cognitive psychology, there is an increasing interest in problem solving and planning processes in complex and ill-defined situations. To examine cultural differences in planning processes, two instruments are used both with Brazilian and German university students (n = 38 each) as participants: the Planning Inventory, which consists of everyday problem scenarios, and the Coldstorage, which is a computer-simulated dynamic problem. In the Planning Inventory, Brazilian participants accept the given descriptions and are more optimistic about the results of their efforts. German participants tend to inquire more about the background of the problems and take a more active approach but are less optimistic. In the Coldstorage simulation, the Brazilian participants have more difficulties in controlling the system. This is attributed to their presence orientation, which makes it difficult to detect developmental patterns. The results are discussed following a functional perspective that interprets cognitive processes within their ecocultural context.
Politics and Markets: Dual Transformations

The articles published in this issue of the Journal help advance the debate on market reform in former socialist states. In our comment, besides dealing with data analysis issues, we suggest several ways to improve the level of debate about substantive issues. These suggestions include more attention to politics, including path dependence, and more attention to middle-level generalizations from other developing market societies.
Evidence that RNA silencing functions as an antiviral defense mechanism in fungi

The role of RNA silencing as an antiviral defense mechanism in fungi was examined by testing the effect of dicer gene disruptions on mycovirus infection of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica. C. parasitica dicer-like genes dcl-1 and dcl-2 were cloned and shown to share a high level of predicted amino acid sequence identity with the corresponding dicer-like genes from Neurospora crassa [Ncdcl-1 (50.5%); Ncdcl-2 (38.0%)] and Magnaporthe oryzae [MDL-1 (45.6%); MDL-2 (38.0%)], respectively. Disruption of dcl-1 and dcl-2 resulted in no observable phenotypic changes relative to wild-type C. parasitica. Infection of Δdcl-1 strains with hypovirus CHV1-EP713 or reovirus MyRV1-Cp9B21 resulted in phenotypic changes that were indistinguishable from that exhibited by wild-type strain C. parasitica EP155 infected with these same viruses. In stark contrast, the Δdcl-2 and Δdcl-1/Δdcl-2 mutant strains were highly susceptible to mycovirus infection, with CHV1-EP713-infected mutant strains becoming severely debilitated. Increased viral RNA levels were observed in the Δdcl-2 mutant strains for a hypovirus CHV1-EP713 mutant lacking the suppressor of RNA silencing p29 and for wild-type reovirus MyRV1-Cp9B21. Complementation of the Δdcl-2 strain with the wild-type dcl-2 gene resulted in reversion to the wild-type response to virus infection. These results provide direct evidence that a fungal dicer-like gene functions to regulate virus infection.
Skills, Division of Labor and Performance in Collective Inventions. Evidence from the Open Source Software

This paper investigates the role of skills and the division of labor among participants in collective inventions. Our analysis draws on a large sample of projects registered at Sourceforge.net, the world’s largest incubator of open source software activity. We explore the hypothesis that the level of skills of participants and their skill variety are important for project performance. Skill heterogeneity across participants is in line with two fundamental organizational features of the open source development model: team work and modular design. We also test the hypothesis whether the level of modularization of project activities is an important predictor of performance. The results provide support to the hypothesis that the skill level is important for the survival of open source projects. Moreover, we found that skill heterogeneity is positive for innovation. Finally, design modularity is positively associated with the performance of the project.
Interorganizational Climate within Marketing Channels: Analysis of a Measure

The psychometric properties of the 1987 Anderson, Lodish, and Weitz Interorganizational Climate Scale were examined by applying the scale in a different setting. The construct was studied within the context of the relationships between manufacturers and distributors as perceived by the manufacturers. The scale which was described as unidimensional in the original study in presenting relationships of manufacturer and sales agent was observed through application of factor analysis to be multidimensional in this study. Suggestions for research were provided.
Pédagogie de l’enseignement supérieur en France : état de la question

A voir le nombre de rapports d’experts institutionnels qui fleurissent en France sur le theme de la refondation de l’universite, sur la dynamisation de la recherche, sur la reussite des etudiants, sans compter l’accompagnement des enseignants-chercheurs dans l’evolution de leur metier, il peut etre utile d’amorcer une reflexion sur les enjeux du bouillonnement actuel. Pourquoi faut-il maintenant former les enseignants-chercheurs a la pedagogie ? Pourquoi faut-il creer des services de pedagogie universitaires, des instituts d’innovation pedagogique et de developpement professionnel des enseignants-chercheurs ? L’objectif de cet article est d’essayer d’eclairer les perspectives qui se dessinent dans le domaine de la pedagogie pour l’avenir de l’enseignement superieur francais. Apres avoir retrace rapidement l’histoire de l’usage du mot, nous en considererons les enjeux dans le contexte universitaire, enjeux que nous confronterons a l’existence etablie des didactiques, et des sciences de l’education ainsi qu’a la croissance du numerique. Enfin, nous envisagerons les perspectives de recherches possibles dans le champ de la pedagogie a l’universite, a la fois nouveau dans sa designation, et ancien dans les pratiques des enseignants-chercheurs.
Complement factor H genotypes impact risk of age-related macular degeneration by interaction with oxidized phospholipids

The rs1061170T/C variant encoding the Y402H change in complement factor H (CFH) has been identified by genome-wide association studies as being significantly associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the precise mechanism by which this CFH variant impacts the risk of AMD remains largely unknown. Oxidative stress plays an important role in many aging diseases, including cardiovascular disease and AMD. A large amount of oxidized phospholipids (oxPLs) are generated in the eye because of sunlight exposure and high oxygen content. OxPLs bind to the retinal pigment epithelium and macrophages and strongly activate downstream inflammatory cascades. We hypothesize that CFH may impact the risk of AMD by modulating oxidative stress. Here we demonstrate that CFH binds to oxPLs. The CFH 402Y variant of the protective rs1061170 genotype binds oxPLs with a higher affinity and exhibits a stronger inhibitory effect on the binding of oxPLs to retinal pigment epithelium and macrophages. In addition, plasma from non-AMD subjects with the protective genotype has a lower level of systemic oxidative stress measured by oxPLs per apolipoprotein B (oxPLs/apoB). We also show that oxPL stimulation increases expression of genes involved in macrophage infiltration, inflammation, and neovascularization in the eye. OxPLs colocalize with CFH in drusen in the human AMD eye. Subretinal injection of oxPLs induces choroidal neovascularization in mice. In addition, we show that the CFH risk allele confers higher complement activation and cell lysis activity. Together, these findings suggest that CFH influences AMD risk by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and abnormal angiogenesis.
The Future of Learning at the Workplace Is Augmented Reality

The next generation of performance support systems and tools for learning at the workplace are likely to be delivered in augmented reality (AR). Although there are many impressive prototypes and bespoke applications, interoperability has been neglected. To fix this, an IEEE Computer Society working group is creating a data format for the enrichment and exchange of AR learning content.
Regulation of Ornibactin Biosynthesis andN-Acyl-l-Homoserine Lactone Production by CepR in Burkholderia cepacia

ABSTRACT The CepR-CepI quorum-sensing system has been shown to regulate production of the siderophore ornibactin, extracellular proteases, andN-octanoyl-homoserine-l-lactone (OHL) inBurkholderia cepacia strain K56-2. To examine the effect ofcepIR on production of other siderophores, cepRmutants were constructed in strains that produce pyochelin in addition to salicylic acid and ornibactins. Pc715j-R1 (cepR::tp) hyperproduced ornibactin but produced parental levels of pyochelin and salicylic acid, suggesting that CepR is a negative regulator of ornibactin synthesis but not pyochelin or salicylic acid. Pc715j-R1 was also protease deficient and OHL negative. The effects of cepR on ornibactin biosynthetic genes were examined by constructing cepR pvdA-lacZ and cepR pvdD-lacZ mutants and monitoring β-galactosidase activity. There was an increase in expression of pvdA in thecepR mutant compared to the level in its parent strain in both low- and high-iron media during stationary phase. When the outer membrane protein profiles of a cepR mutant and the wild-type strain were compared on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, there did not appear to be any difference in levels of expression of the ornibactin receptor. Experiments withcepI-lacZ and cepR-lacZ transcriptional fusions indicated that cepI was not expressed in thecepR mutant and that cepR acts as a negative regulator of its own expression. By a thin-layer chromatography assay for N-acyl homoserine lactones, OHL andN-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (HHL) were detectable in K56-2 and Pc715j, both wild-type strains. OHL was not detectable and HHL was only weakly detectable in the cepIand cepR mutants. These results suggest that CepR is both a positive and negative transcriptional regulator and that CepR may influence the expression of ornibactin biosynthetic genes in addition to the expression of the cepIR quorum-sensing system.
Modelling the formation of organic particles in the atmosphere

Particle formation resulting from activation of in- organic stable clusters by a supersaturated organic vapour was investigated using a numerical model. The applied aerosol dynamic model included a detailed description of the activation process along with a treatment of the appro- priate aerosol and gas-phase processes. The obtained re- sults suggest that both gaseous sulphuric acid and organic vapours contribute to organic particle formation in continen- tal background areas. The initial growth of freshly-nucleated clusters is driven mainly by condensation of gaseous sul- phuric acid and by a lesser extent self-coagulation. After the clusters have reached sizes of around 2 nm in diame- ter, low-volatile organic vapours start to condense sponta- neously into the clusters, thereby accelerating their growth to detectable sizes. A shortage of gaseous sulphuric acid or organic vapours limit, or suppress altogether, the particle for- mation, since freshly-nucleated clusters are rapidly coagu- lated away by pre-existing particles. The obtained modelling results were applied to explaining the observed seasonal cy- cle in the number of aerosol formation events in a continental forest site. concentration of atmospheric aerosol populations along with their size and chemical composition. Due to this sensitiv- ity, a realistic treatment of the aerosol-climate interactions in global climate models requires accurate knowledge on dif-