Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Herschel-ATLAS: the far-infrared-radio correlation at z < 0.5

We use data from the Herschel-ATLAS to investigate the evolution of the far-infrared-radio correlation over the redshift range 0 5 sigma sources in the Herschel-ATLAS Science Demonstration Field and cross-matching these data with radio data from the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-Centimetres (FIRST) survey and the NRAO Very Large Array (VLA) Northern Sky Survey (NVSS), we obtain 104 radio counterparts to the Herschel sources. With these data we find no evidence for evolution in the far-infrared-radio correlation over the redshift range 0 < z < 0.5, where the median value for the ratio between far-infrared and radio luminosity, q(IR), over this range is q(IR) = 2.40 +/- 0.12 (and a mean of q(IR) = 2.52 +/- 0.03 accounting for the lower limits), consistent with both the local value determined from IRAS and values derived from surveys targeting the high-redshift
An Iterative Reweighted Method for Tucker Decomposition of Incomplete Tensors

We consider the problem of low-rank decomposition of incomplete tensors. Since many real-world data lie on an intrinsically low-dimensional subspace, tensor low-rank decomposition with missing entries has applications in many data analysis problems such as recommender systems and image inpainting. In this paper, we focus on Tucker decomposition which represents an $N$th-order tensor in terms of $N$ factor matrices and a core tensor via multilinear operations. To exploit the underlying multilinear low-rank structure in high-dimensional datasets, we propose a group-based log-sum penalty functional to place structural sparsity over the core tensor, which leads to a compact representation with smallest core tensor. The proposed method is developed by iteratively minimizing a surrogate function that majorizes the original objective function. This iterative optimization leads to an iteratively reweighted least squares algorithm. In addition, to reduce the computational complexity, an over-relaxed monotone fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding technique is adapted and embedded in the iterative reweighted process. The proposed method is able to determine the model complexity (i.e., multilinear rank) in an automatic way. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm offers competitive performance compared with other existing algorithms.
A single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping platform for the authentication of patient derived xenografts

Patient derived xenografts (PDXs) have become a vital, frequently used, component of anti-cancer drug development. PDXs can be serially passaged in vivo for years, and shared across laboratories. As a consequence, the potential for mis-identification and cross-contamination is possible, yet authentication of PDXs appears limited. We present a PDX Authentication System (PAS), by combining a commercially available OpenArray assay of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with in-house R studio programs, to validate PDXs established in individual mice from acute lymphoblastic leukemia biopsies. The PAS is sufficiently robust to identify contamination at levels as low as 3%, similar to the gold standard of short tandem repeat (STR) profiling. We have surveyed a panel of PDXs established from 73 individual leukemia patients, and found that the PAS provided sufficient discriminatory power to identify each xenograft. The identified SNP-discrepant PDXs demonstrated distinct gene expression profiles, indicating a risk of contamination for PDXs at high passage number. The PAS also allows for the authentication of tumor cells with complex karyotypes from solid tumors including prostate cancer and Ewing's sarcoma. This study highlights the demands of authenticating PDXs for cancer research, and evaluates a reliable authentication platform that utilizes a commercially available and cost-effective system.
Robust versus optimal strategies for determining the speed-accuracy tradeoff on two-alternative forced choice tasks

It has been proposed that animals and humans might choose a speedaccuracy tradeoff that maximizes reward rate. For this utility function the simple drift-diffusion model of two-alternative forced-choice tasks predicts a parameter-free optimal performance curve that relates normalized decision times to error rates. However, behavioral data indicate that only ≈ 30% of subjects achieve optimality, and here we investigate the possibility that, in allowing for uncertainties, subjects might exercise robust strategies instead of optimal ones. We consider two strategies in which robustness is achieved by relinquishing performance: maximin and robust-satisficing. The former supposes maximization of guaranteed performance under a presumed level of uncertainty; the latter assumes that subjects require a critical performance level and maximize the level of uncertainty under which it can be guaranteed. These strategies respectively yield performance bands parameterized by presumed uncertainty level and required performance. Maximin performance bands for uncertainties in responseto-stimulus interval match data for the lower-scoring 70% of subjects well, and are more likely to explain it than robust-satisficing or alternative optimal performance curves. For uncertainties in signal-to-noise ratio, neither maximin nor robust-satisficing performance curves adequately describe the data. We discuss implications for decisions under uncertainties, and suggest further behavioral assays.
Fine-mapping QTL for mastitis resistance on BTA9 in three Nordic red cattle breeds

A QTL affecting clinical mastitis and/or somatic cell score (SCS) has been reported previously on chromosome 9 from studies in 16 families from the Swedish Red and White (SRB), Finnish Ayrshire (FA) and Danish Red (DR) breeds. In order to refine the QTL location, 67 markers were genotyped over the whole chromosome in the 16 original families and 18 additional half-sib families. This enabled linkage disequilibrium information to be used in the analysis. Data were analysed by an approach that combines information from linkage and linkage disequilibrium, which allowed the QTL affecting clinical mastitis to be mapped to a small interval (<1 cM) between the markers BM4208 and INRA084. This QTL showed a pleiotropic effect on SCS in the DR and SRB breeds. Haplotypes associated with variations in mastitis resistance were identified. The haplotypes were predictive in the general population and can be used in marker-assisted selection. Pleiotropic effects of the mastitis QTL were studied for three milk production traits and eight udder conformation traits. This QTL was also associated with yield traits in DR but not in FA or SRB. No QTL were found for udder conformation traits on chromosome 9.
Modeling and Verification of Kerberos Protocol Using Symbolic Model Verifier

Authentication is one of the biggest issues concerning information security in the context of distributed environments. Various protocols are used for the authentication purpose such as Needham-Schroeder, Kerberos protocol etc. The aim of this paper is to verify and formalize the Kerberos protocol using NuSMV model checker. The protocol version used in this paper is Kerberos version 4. The paper suggests CTL specifications for authentication, secrecy and integrity. We have also proposed an approach to identify presence of intruder in the system.
Dynamic distribution-aware data dissemination for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

The paper proposes novel dynamic distribution-aware data dissemination (DDA) based Publish/Subscribe system for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs). Based on the characteristics of vehicles' moving in VANET, a notification-token mechanism is proposed: only the notification-tokens' holder (notification-brokers) can broadcast information to subscribers nearby-based on the calculated delivery probability with interested subscribers and predicted dynamic distribution of those subscribers in this area, it can dynamically adjust notification-tokens in the VANET. Then the notification-brokers can broadcast the received notification to other subscribers accordingly. By dynamically adjusting notification-tokens, this solution can efficiently control notification-broker's distribution and guarantee data dissemination. Simulation results based on a real city map and realistic traffic situations show that the DDA based Publish/Subscribe system performs much better in terms of delivery efficiency and delivery delay over other solutions.
Censoring model for evaluating intellectual capital value drivers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between firms' value drivers and their intellectual capital (IC). Design/methodology/approach – The health care sector (GICS 35) firms listed in the SP organizations with greater process capital must raise customer capital to enhance intellectual value.Originality/value – This is the first empirical study that uses a censoring Tobit model and tests of the association between competitive advantage and the value drivers of firms. This research successfully combines management perspectives with financial data to describe the value drivers of firms.
PENGARUH RASIO-RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

ABSTRAK Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa pertumbuhan laba tidak bisa terlepas dari kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang tercermin dalam rasio-rasio keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki perngaruh dari current ratio, debt to equity ratio, total assets turnover, dan profit margin terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 151 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada 2006-2010. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengolah data. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa current ratio, debt to equity, total assets turnover, dan profit margin memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan laba. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa rasio-rasio tersebut mempengaruhi investor dalam mengambil keputusan investasi. Kata kunci: current ratio , debt to equity ratio , profit margin , total assets turnover
Altered behaviour in spotted hyenas associated with increased human activity

To investigate how anthropogenic activity might affect large carnivores, we studied the behaviour of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) during two time periods. From 1996 to 1998, we documented the ecological correlates of space utilization patterns exhibited by adult female hyenas defending a territory at the edge of a wildlife reserve in Kenya. Hyenas preferred areas near dense vegetation but appeared to avoid areas containing the greatest abundance of prey, perhaps because these were also the areas of most intensive livestock grazing. We then compared hyena behaviour observed in 1996–98 with that observed several years earlier and found many differences. Female hyenas in 1996–98 were found farther from dens, but closer to dense vegetation and to the edges of their territory, than in 1988–90. Recent females also had larger home ranges, travelled farther between consecutive sightings, and were more nocturnal than in 1988–90. Finally, hyenas occurred in smaller groups in 1996–98 than in 1988–90. We also found several changes in hyena demography between periods. We next attempted to explain differences observed between time periods by testing predictions of hypotheses invoking prey abundance, climate, interactions with lions, tourism and livestock grazing. Our data were consistent with the hypothesis that increased reliance on the reserve for livestock grazing was responsible for observed changes. That behavioural changes were not associated with decreased hyena population density suggests the behavioural plasticity typical of this species may protect it from extinction.
Hierarchical Multicast Protocols with Quality of Service

Multimedia applications vary radically from the traditional applications of data transfers such as email or file transfer. Indeed, these applications generally concern only two users: a source and a destination. In addition, the transmission delays do not influence the service. On the contrary, multimedia applications can imply more than two users (a videoconference for 100 people for example). In addition, these applications need short delays and flow guarantees in order to ensure a continuous playback of the multimedia flow. However, the current networks generally provide only a service, which is “at best” and point-to-point. Particular protocols and mechanisms must be developed at both the transport and application levels. Some mechanisms already exist: they enable the applications, using the multicast over Internet, to operate generally in satisfactory conditions. Hence, it becomes necessary to provide guarantees in terms of quality of service for this type of multimedia application.
Data-Aided Signal-to-Noise-Ratio estimation in time selective fading channels

Data-Aided Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) estimation is considered for time selective fading channels whose time variation is described by a polynomial time model. The inherent estimation accuracy limitations associated with the problem are quantified via a Cramer-Rao Bound analysis. A maximum likelihood type class of estimators is proposed and its exact, non-asymptotic performance is computed. The standard, constant channel SNR estimator performance is determined in the presence of channel polynomial order mismatch. Simulations results are presented which verify the effectiveness of the technique as well as its performance advantage over previously proposed methods.
The Influence of Size and R&D on the Growth of Firms in the U.S

This study examines the role of size and R&D in explaining the rate of growth of firms by testing Gibrat's law. In particular, this paper extends earlier studies, by addressing this question: Do the size-growth relationships and the consequent size-distribution of firms depend on whether or not the firms are operating in R&D-intensive industries? The empirical evidence indicates an affirmative answer to this question. Further, our results appear to refute Gibrat's law. Firm growth rates are autocorrelated. There also seems to be adequate evidence showing that larger firms have lower growth rates.
A Method for the Central Direction of Arrival Estimation of Coherently Distributed Source

We consider the problem of estimating the central direction of arrival (DOA) of a coherently distributed source. In this paper, the integral steering vector of coherently distributed source is deduced to be a Schur-Hadamard product comprising point source steering vector and a real vector. And then a blind estimator based on second order statistics is proposed to estimate the central DOA without adopting any prior knowledge about the shape of angular signal intensity. The proposed method can be calculated analytically from the known signal model, so a closed-form solution to the central DOA estimation can be derived without any peak-finding searching and eigenvalue decomposition or singular value decomposition. In addition, the proposed algorithm can provide a more precise central DOA estimation using the maximum number of the second order statistics equal to the number of sensors and can give effective estimation even at low SNR. Simulation results show that the proposed method exhibits the attributes, an improved accuracy and a better robustness.
Is There a Relationship Between Transparency in Economic and Political Systems and Foreign Direct Investment Flows

: By using information for a vast number of countries, concerning inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) performance and perceived level of corruption, the paper analyzes how transparency, as a reverse measure of corruption, influences FDI. This is done by a fuzzy logic approach in order to determine conceivable clusters in the FDI-transparency space. In two different periods, the use of fuzzy clustering techniques reveals the existence of two well-defined clusters: one is formed by the countries having high-level corruption, where, indeed, transparency is positively correlated, in a significant way, to FDI, and the other is formed by the countries having low-level corruption, where the influence of corruption on FDI is not so evident.
Nerve Growth Factor Induces Process Formation in Meningeal Cells: Implications for Scar Formation in the Injured CNS

Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces the differentiation and supports the survival of subpopulations of neurons in the PNS and CNS. Here we report that meningeal cells in the pia mater express immunoreactivity and mRNA for both known NGF receptors, the low-affinity receptor p75 and the tyrosine kinase receptor trkA. NGF induces rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of trkA in meningeal cells in vitro. NGF does not stimulate proliferation of primary meningeal cells but induces process outgrowth. p75- and trkA-immunoreactive meningeal cells with long processes, resembling NGF-treated cells in vitro, are abundant in the scar tissue that forms at spinal cord lesions in rat and cat. These data suggest that NGF, which is expressed at increased levels in the brain and spinal cord after lesions, may be involved in scar formation in the injured CNS.
Women and politics in ancient Rome

Preface I Introduction II Women in the Conflict of the Orders III Women in the second punic war IV The Politics of Protest V Women in Gracchan Politics VI The Political Strategists of the Late Republic VII The Triumviral Period: Diplomacy, Oratory and Leadership VIII The Foothills of the Principate IX Women in the Augustan Principate X Tiberius, Livia and Agrippina XI Caligula's Sisters XII Messalina, Agrippina and Claudius XIII Agrippina, Nero and the Domus XIV In Retrospect
R-matrix theory of electron molecule scattering

This paper presents an overview of R-matrix theory of electron scattering by diatomic and polyatomic molecules. The paper commences with a detailed discussion of the fixed-nuclei approximation which in recent years has been used as the basis of the most accurate ab initio calculations. This discussion includes an overview of the computer codes which enable electron collisions with both diatomic and polyatomic molecules to be calculated. Nuclear motion including rotational and vibrational excitation and dissociation is then discussed. In non-resonant energy regions, or when the scattered electron energy is not close to thresholds, the adiabatic-nuclei approximation can be successfully used. However, when these conditions are not applicable, non-adiabatic R-matrix theory must be used and a detailed discussion of this theory is given. Finally, recent applications of the theory to treat electron scattering by polyatomic molecules are reviewed and a detailed comparison of R-matrix calculations and experimental measurements for water is presented.
An x-band RFIC active phase shifter

Abstract— An active RFIC X-band phase shifter is implemented using IHP SiGe HBT 0.25 μm SGB25V technology with an improved vector sum method. The chip is formed by a three way Wilkinson power divider, three phase delays for 0-120-240 degrees, three similar RFIC LNAs and a final three way Wilkinson power combiner on the same chip and occupies an area of 4x1.8 mm2. The circuit provides both phase and amplitude control without the need of any additional digital circuitry. Phase shifting is simply based on the weighted vector sum of three vectors which are separated by 120o from each other. All 0-360 degree phase can be scanned simply by this method with the addition of amplitude control. The RFIC LNA circuit is fabricated and measurement results show that LNA has a gain of 10 - 13 dB with in the band of 6-9 GHz and 2-3 dB NF within the same band. The simulation results show that the phase can be scanned from 0-360 degrees with average 7 degree resolution for a 2 dB amplifier gain change. The gain of the overall active phase shifter circuit is 12-13 dB with output gain flatness is 1 dB and the circuit consumes 15.36 mW power. The circuit combines the amplifier with phase shifter and can be used for X-band applications.
Cross-cultural analysis of the effect of advertising on consumer responses

In the light of both growing competition and international business activities, there are increasing opportunities in many aspects of international marketing, particularly in advertising. Among different areas, culture is the broadest environmental dimension affecting consumer behaviour. There is a need to understand the impact of cultural difference on consumer behaviour, which will affect successful international advertising. Despite an increasing economic development and personal income in China, there have been very few empirical investigations into international advertising between the UK and China, especially with cross-cultural methodologies. This thesis is aimed to partly filling this gap by providing a cross-cultural analysis of three key concepts in the context of international advertising between the UK and China, and both countries' youth markets: cultural values, advertising appeals, attitudes towards advertising in general. Using survey data from China and the UK, comparisons of advertising exposure were made. An advertising content analysis of magazine advertisements revealed that the important similarities and/or differences in cultural values were expressed through the advertising messages of each country. Analyses by paired-samples t tests identified the two countries' young adults as relatively homogenous groups in their responses to emotional advertising appeals. A scale for measuring attitudes towards advertising was tested for its cröss-cultural validity using factor analysis. The study revealed that this American generated instrument of attitudinal scale did not possess cross-cultural equivalence with the UK and Chinese cultures. A set of measuring instruments was developed reflecting these attitudinal differences. Further analysis of t tests identified different perceptions of the new four-factor attitudinal statements from the results of factor analysis. Conclusions are drawn for marketing theory and practice.
Improved Sampling of Protein Folding Landscapes using Molecular Dynamics Data †

The function of proteins depends upon their three dimensional structure or native state. Folding of a protein into an incorrect conformation has been shown to be the cause of diseases like Alzhiemers disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (Mad Cow disease). Current simulations using the Probabilistic Roadmap Method (PRM) can be used to predict folding pathways, but these simulations generate conformations based solely on the native state. This limits the proteins that can be studied by our method. We present an alternate way to generate conformations that can be used by the PRM method. The advantage of this approach to sampling is that it reduces dependence on the native state by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations are expensive for all but the smallest of proteins. Our approach overcomes this limitation by using MD simulation data for small overlapping fragments of the protein. This data is processed and used to bias our sampling to explore a larger conformational space. The PRM methods used here have been presented and validated previously. Compared to other methods like MD simulations, our PRM method combined with our new sampling method is fast and can be used to find conformations of full length proteins. We validate our results by comparing them to existing experimental data and our previous simulation results.