Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theil-Equilibrium based Cooperation Mechanism for multi-services in ubiquitous stub enironments

With the development of ubiquitous networks, the personalization of ubiquitous services demand different kinds of heterogeneous devices to cooperate with each other. However, limited network resources and device capabilities will cause allocation conflict of multi-services utilities for multi-users' requests in ubiquitous stub environments. Thus, when users request simultaneously, how to make an effective device cooperation scheme to guarantee and equilibrate each user's experience becomes a tough problem. In this paper, Equilibrium Index and Theil Utility function are firstly imported to establish the model of Multi-services Equilibrium Device Cooperation. Then a Theil-Equilibrium based Cooperation Mechanism for multi-services is proposed, including dimensionless processing and a cooperation approach focused on Theil-Utility Heuristic algorithm. At last, simulation results show this mechanism performs well in supporting ubiquitous services.
EDGE Detection Techniques Using Hough Transform

--Image processing is an area characterized by the need for extensive experimental wok to establish the viability of proposed solution. Interpretation of image contents is one of the objectives in computer vision specifically in image processing. In this era it has received much awareness of researchers. This paper we present different edge detection technique’s using Hough transform, because edge detection is by far the most common approach for detecting meaningful discontinuities in intensity values. Experimental results of different edge detection technique are performing using MATLAB2010a version. Effectiveness of proposed algorithm is, used for the study of medical images.
Prospective Memory in Complex Sociotechnical Systems

An important cognitive function is the ability to remember to execute future tasks, a capability known as prospective memory (PM). Workers in complex sociotechnical systems such as healthcare and aviation face many PM challenges and forgetting tasks can have severe consequences. Although researchers have made progress in understanding how individuals remember future tasks, system-level support for PM has seldom been addressed. In the present paper, we briefly review PM research in healthcare and aviation, focusing on naturalistic studies using expert workers, and we present the concept of distributed prospective memory, which incorporates the interaction between the environment and the individual when future tasks must be remembered. PM in sociotechnical settings is a complex process involving human and nonhuman agents. Therefore, a systems approach is needed to fully understand PM processes, thus supporting workers and eventually minimizing errors and increasing safety.
Strategies for Values Inquiry: An Exploratory Case Study

Values inquiry refers to systematic investigation of the values relevant to a program, including understanding those outcomes most prized by stakeholders. Although much attention has been given to stakeholder involvement, the literature on value inquiries per se as an approach is limited. This paper demonstrates how several of the steps used in the ATM approach to developing logic models [Am. J. Eval. 23 (2002) 493] are congruent with the tenets of values inquiry and can serve to advance values inquiry methodology. Using a case study approach, we describe how interview and deliberative approaches were combined to prioritize a large number of potential outcomes for a coalition of agencies working toward the same goal. Successes and challenges in understanding the application of the ATM approach to furthering the development of values inquiry methods are offered.
A THEORY OF THE ACQUISITION OF SPEED-SKILL∗

Recent researches are cited which suggest that the acquisition of manual speed-skill proceeds by a certain type of selective action. A formal theoretical model is developed, and its predictions compared with the experimental results. Certain complications of the theory, and conclusions from it are outlined, and the nature of the selective mechanism is discussed. Some implications for training are indicated.
Gamma Interferon Prevents the Inhibitory Effects of Oxidative Stress on Host Responses to Escherichia coliInfection

ABSTRACT Oxidative stress occurs in animals challenged with bacterial endotoxin and can affect the expression of important host inflammatory genes. However, much less is known about the effects of oxidative stress on responses to gram-negative bacteria. The current study compared the effects of redox imbalance on hepatic responses of mice to Escherichia coli bacteria versus purified endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion virtually eliminated hepatic tumor necrosis factor alpha responses to both E. coli and LPS. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression was also markedly inhibited by glutathione depletion in LPS-challenged mice, but was unaffected in E. coli-infected animals. Three findings suggested that gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production explained the differences between LPS and bacterial challenge. Glutathione depletion completely inhibited the IFN-γ response to LPS, but only partially inhibited IFN-γ production in infected mice. Exogenous IFN-γ restored iNOS and ICAM-1 responses to LPS in stressed mice. Conversely, IFN-γ-deficient, glutathione-depleted mice showed a marked decrease in iNOS and ICAM-1 expression when challenged with E. coli. These findings indicate that both the nature of the microbial challenge and the production of IFN-γ can be important in determining the effects of redox imbalance during gram-negative bacterial infections.
Impact of 5A/6A polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-3 on recurrent atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in Chinese

Little is known about the impact of the 5A/6A polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) on recurrence of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in Chinese. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of MMP-3 serum level and 5A/6A genetic polymorphism with the recurrence of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke in the Chinese Han population. We analyzed 106 large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) recurrent ischemic stroke patients and 545 LAA first onset ischemic stroke patients from January 2009 to June 2014. Serum MMP-3 concentrations were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The genotypes of MMP-3 promoter polymorphism (−1171 5A/6A) were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The frequencies of MMP-3 5A/6A+5A/5A (32.08% vs. 21.47%, p = 0.02) genotype and 5A (16.98% vs. 11.01%, p = 0.01) allele in the recurrent group was significantly higher than those in the first onset group. After adjustment for vascular risk factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the MMP-3 5A/6A+5A/5A genotype was an independent risk factor for LAA recurrent ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR], 1.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–2.79, p = 0.021). No significant difference was observed for the MMP-3 serum concentrations between the recurrent group and the first onset group (22.23 ± 8.31 vs. 21.49 ± 7.89 ng/ul, t = 0.88, p = 0.38). The MMP-3 (−1171 5A/6A) polymorphism may contribute to LAA recurrent ischemic stroke susceptibility. Analysis of 5A/6A polymorphism in MMP-3 may identify patients at higher risk for LAA ischemic stroke recurrence, who may be selected for intensive preventive therapy.
Cramér-Rao bound for Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion Weighted Imaging fitting

The precision of parameter estimation for Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion Weighted Imaging (IVIM-DWI) was investigated by examining their Cramér-Rao bounds (CRBs) under the presence of Rician noise. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation was also conducted to validate the CRB results. The estimation uncertainties of true diffusion coefficient (D) and perfusion fraction (f0) could reach 3.89% and 11.65% respectively with typical parameter values at a moderate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 40. However, to estimate pseudo diffusion coefficient (D*) within 10% uncertainty requires SNR>122. The results also showed that the estimation precision of each parameter is not only dependent on SNR but also their true values, while this mutual dependency is complicated. Under some particular cases, estimation uncertainty for certain parameters might be smaller than 5% at a moderate SNR of 40. However, the simultaneous precise estimation for all three parameters is theoretically difficult and highly SNR demanding.
Design of area and power efficient digital FIR filter using modified MAC unit

A novel scheme for the design of an area and power efficient digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter for digital signal processing (DSP) application's is studied in this paper. The key blocks of the filter are multipliers and adders, in which multiplier is the one which occupies the major silicon area and consumes more power. In general, the multiplication operations are performed by the shift and add logic. Most of the DSP applications demand faster adders for its arithmetic computations. Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is a well known adder for its faster computation time. Recently, an efficient Carry Select Adder (CSLA) was proposed which significantly reduce the area and power by eliminating the redundant logic gates at each bit level. In this paper, we propose an area and power efficient FIR filter implementation using modified Multiply and Accumulate (MAC) unit. The performance analysis of the proposed FIR filter is estimated with the MAC unit realized by the conventional adder and the modified carry select adder as well. The proposed FIR filter architecture with length of 5-tap and 9-tap are developed using Verilog HDL and implemented using SAED 90nm CMOS technology. The ASIC synthesis results show that the Area Delay Product(ADP) of the proposed 5-tap and 9-tap filter gains an improvement of 18.26% and 13.94%, respectively over the conventional method. Similarly, the Power Delay Product(PDP) is improved by 16.80% and 12.54%, respectively.
Heterochromatin Protein HP 1 g Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression and Is Regulated by miR-30 a

Colorectal cancer pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that the heterochromatin protein HP1g is upregulated commonly in human colorectal cancer, where it promotes cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Gene-expression and promoter-binding experiments demonstrated that HP1g directly regulated CDKN1A (p21) in a manner associated with methylation of histone H3K9 on its promoter. We identified miR-30a as a tumor-suppressive microRNA that targets HP1g in vitro and in vivo to specifically suppress the growth of colorectal cancer in mouse xenograft models. MiR30a was widely downregulated in primary human colorectal cancer tissues, where its expression correlated inversely with high levels of HP1g protein. Our results identify a new miR-30a/HP1g/p21 regulatory axis controlling colorectal cancer development, which may offer prognostic and therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Res; 75(21); 4593–604. 2015 AACR.
A Simple Technique for the Dispersion Analysis of Fabry-Perot Cavity Leaky-Wave Antennas

A simple analysis technique to extract the complex dispersion characteristics of thin periodic 2-D Fabry-Pérot leaky wave antennas (LWA) is presented. The analysis is based on a two-stage process that dispenses with the need for root-finding in the complex plane. Firstly, full-wave MoM together with reciprocity is employed for the estimation of the LWA radiation patterns at different frequencies from which the phase constant is calculated. Employing array theory the phase constant is subsequently used to estimate the radiation patterns for different values of the leakage rate. The correct value for the leakage rate is identified by matching the corresponding radiation pattern to that obtained using the full-wave method. To demonstrate this technique, we present results for half-wavelength and sub-wavelength profile LWAs. Unlike the transverse equivalent network method, the proposed technique maintains its accuracy even for antennas with low profile.
Recent Selective Sweeps in North American Drosophila melanogaster Show Signatures of Soft Sweeps

Adaptation from standing genetic variation or recurrent de novo mutation in large populations should commonly generate soft rather than hard selective sweeps. In contrast to a hard selective sweep, in which a single adaptive haplotype rises to high population frequency, in a soft selective sweep multiple adaptive haplotypes sweep through the population simultaneously, producing distinct patterns of genetic variation in the vicinity of the adaptive site. Current statistical methods were expressly designed to detect hard sweeps and most lack power to detect soft sweeps. This is particularly unfortunate for the study of adaptation in species such as Drosophila melanogaster, where all three confirmed cases of recent adaptation resulted in soft selective sweeps and where there is evidence that the effective population size relevant for recent and strong adaptation is large enough to generate soft sweeps even when adaptation requires mutation at a specific single site at a locus. Here, we develop a statistical test based on a measure of haplotype homozygosity (H12) that is capable of detecting both hard and soft sweeps with similar power. We use H12 to identify multiple genomic regions that have undergone recent and strong adaptation in a large population sample of fully sequenced Drosophila melanogaster strains from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP). Visual inspection of the top 50 candidates reveals that in all cases multiple haplotypes are present at high frequencies, consistent with signatures of soft sweeps. We further develop a second haplotype homozygosity statistic (H2/H1) that, in combination with H12, is capable of differentiating hard from soft sweeps. Surprisingly, we find that the H12 and H2/H1 values for all top 50 peaks are much more easily generated by soft rather than hard sweeps. We discuss the implications of these results for the study of adaptation in Drosophila and in species with large census population sizes.
Differential effects of verbal aptitude and study questions on comprehension of science concepts

Selective attention models predict that verbatim study questions can divert students from meaningfully encoding attributes of science concepts. The aptitude-treatment interaction (ATI) hypothesis predicts that such questions can be particularly dysfunctional to low-ability students. These predictions assume the measurement of true comprehension of concepts as a criterion. Eighth-grade students (n = 217) were randomly assigned to a text-only, text-question or a placebo treatment. The text verbally described five fossil types. The questions consisted of 28 fill-in-the-blank queries about the text. The posttest required students to visually identify and discriminate 40 fossil specimens as to fossil type. Comprehension of the concepts clearly took place-a fact substantiated by the very low scores obtained by the placebo group. As predicted (p < 0.05), low-verbal students performed better when provided with a text-only rather than a text-question treatment. In contrast, high-verbal students were less effected by the verbatim study questions. Main effects among these groups were also detected. Apparently such questions can overprompt students, resulting in their copying of words from a text to an answer-blank without semantically encoding (i.e., comprehending) the copied words.
Energetics Based Spike Generation of a Single Neuron: Simulation Results and Analysis

Existing current based models that capture spike activity, though useful in studying information processing capabilities of neurons, fail to throw light on their internal functioning. It is imperative to develop a model that captures the spike train of a neuron as a function of its intracellular parameters for non-invasive diagnosis of diseased neurons. This is the first ever article to present such an integrated model that quantifies the inter-dependency between spike activity and intracellular energetics. The generated spike trains from our integrated model will throw greater light on the intracellular energetics than existing current models. Now, an abnormality in the spike of a diseased neuron can be linked and hence effectively analyzed at the energetics level. The spectral analysis of the generated spike trains in a time–frequency domain will help identify abnormalities in the internals of a neuron. As a case study, the parameters of our model are tuned for Alzheimer’s disease and its resultant spike trains are studied and presented. This massive initiative ultimately aims to encompass the entire molecular signaling pathways of the neuronal bioenergetics linking it to the voltage spike initiation and propagation; due to the lack of experimental data quantifying the inter dependencies among the parameters, the model at this stage adopts a particular level of functionality and is shown as an approach to study and perform disease modeling at the spike train and the mitochondrial bioenergetics level.
Socialisation in a Space of Law: Student Performativity at ‘Coffee House’ in a University Law Faculty

Working with ideas of performance and performativity, the geographies of law, and the sociology of the legal profession, this paper reports on a study of the microgeography of a social space in a major Canadian law school, and, more specifically, questions what it means to be a law student there. ‘Coffee House’ at McGill University Faculty of Law is a weekly social event sponsored for half the academic year by prominent Canadian law firms who supply free alcohol and food to the students attending in an effort to ‘brand’ their firm. These events contribute in different ways to the socialisation and identity of the law students present. We argue that a performativity of what it is to be a McGill law student heading towards corporate success begins to be structured through the repetition of a range of performances undertaken in this space.
Influence of SiC technology in a railway traction DC-DC converter design evolution

The introduction in the semiconductor market of the SiC technology enables power designers the development of power converters with higher power density (W/m3) in comparison with the traditional converters based on Si power semiconductors. This work presents the redesign of a DC-DC converter, used in railway traction applications with full-SiC modules. The low current rating of the actual full-SiC modules makes necessary the use of several modules to substitute the “traditional” Si ones. This is considered in this work, together with the phase inductor design with amorphous magnetic materials, suitable for high current and high frequency levels. A comparison in terms of switching frequency, volume, magnetic elements and cooling system size, etc, is done, with the improvement possibilities offered by the introduction of this SiC technology. As result, the first DC-DC full-SiC converter for railway application is presented, as interface between the DC-link catenary and the energy storage system (ESS).
Raise a Child, Not a Test Score: Perspectives on Bilingual Education at Davis Bilingual Magnet School

Abstract This article describes a highly successful bilingual education program at Davis Bilingual Magnet School in Tucson, Arizona. After two decades of bilingual schooling in which children of all language backgrounds study content via both Spanish and English, Davis has developed strong community support through special attention to additive bilingualism/biliteracy and by creating a challenging and nurturing learning environment. By examining the school’s long-term success from the perspectives of teachers, families, and dual language immersion students themselves, the study highlights successful bilingual schooling in a manner that acknowledges but goes beyond performance on standardized tests.
Spatially Defined InsP3-Mediated Signaling in Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes

The functional role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) signaling in cardiomyocytes is not entirely understood but it was linked to an increased propensity for triggered activity. The aim of this study was to determine how InsP3 receptors can translate Ca2+ release into a depolarization of the plasma membrane and consequently arrhythmic activity. We used embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESdCs) as a model system since their spontaneous electrical activity depends on InsP3-mediated Ca2+ release. [InsP3]i was monitored with the FRET-based InsP3-biosensor FIRE-1 (Fluorescent InsP3 Responsive Element) and heterogeneity in sub-cellular [InsP3]i was achieved by targeted expression of FIRE-1 in the nucleus (FIRE-1nuc) or expression of InsP3 5-phosphatase (m43) localized to the plasma membrane. Spontaneous activity of ESdCs was monitored simultaneously as cytosolic Ca2+ transients (Fluo-4/AM) and action potentials (current clamp). During diastole, the diastolic depolarization was paralleled by an increase of [Ca2+]i and spontaneous activity was modulated by [InsP3]i. A 3.7% and 1.7% increase of FIRE-1 FRET ratio and 3.0 and 1.5 fold increase in beating frequency was recorded upon stimulation with endothelin-1 (ET-1, 100 nmol/L) or phenylephrine (PE, 10 µmol/L), respectively. Buffering of InsP3 by FIRE-1nuc had no effect on the basal frequency while attenuation of InsP3 signaling throughout the cell (FIRE-1), or at the plasma membrane (m43) resulted in a 53.7% and 54.0% decrease in beating frequency. In m43 expressing cells the response to ET-1 was completely suppressed. Ca2+ released from InsP3Rs is more effective than Ca2+ released from RyRs to enhance INCX. The results support the hypothesis that in ESdCs InsP3Rs form a functional signaling domain with NCX that translates Ca2+ release efficiently into a depolarization of the membrane potential.
The Design and Implementation Ocelot ’ s Dynamic Binary Translator from PTX to Multi-Core x 86

Ocelot is a dynamic compilation framework designed to map the explicitly parallel PTX execution model used by NVIDIA CUDA applications onto diverse many-core architectures. Ocelot includes a dynamic binary translator from PTX to many-core processors that leverages the LLVM code generator to target x86. The binary translator is able to execute CUDA applications without recompilation and Ocelot can in fact dynamically switch between execution on an NVIDIA GPU and a many-core CPU. It has been validated against over 100 applications taken from the CUDA SDK [1], the UIUC Parboil benchmarks [2], the Virginia Rodinia benchmarks [3], the GPUVSIPL signal and image processing library [4], and several domain specific applications. This paper presents a detailed description of the implementation of our binary translator highlighting design decisions and trade-offs, and showcasing their effect on application performance. We explore several code transformations that are applicable only when translating explicitly parallel applications and suggest additional optimization passes that may be useful to this class of applications. We expect this study to inform the design of compilation tools for explicitly parallel programming models (such as OpenCL) as well as future CPU and GPU architectures.