Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rotor loss calculation and thermal analysis of a dual-stator axial-flux permanent magnet machine with combined rectangle-shaped magnets

This paper presents thermal analysis of a water-cooled dual-stator axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machine with focus on the sandwiched rotor. The rotor of the machine is featured by combined rectangle-shaped magnets. Firstly, the eddy current losses in the PM are calculated and analyzed. Secondly, lumped-parameter and FE thermal models are established to calculate the temperature distribution of the machine. The results of the two methods show good agreement. Additionally, a detailed thermal analysis of the rotor is carried out. It shows that the segmented PMs can be efficient to reduce the eddy current loss and the non-uniform eddy current loss density of PM has a significant influence on the location of the rotor hot spot.
Polypeptide Modulators of TRPV1 Produce Analgesia without Hyperthermia

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors (TRPV1) play a significant physiological role. The study of novel TRPV1 agonists and antagonists is essential. Here, we report on the characterization of polypeptide antagonists of TRPV1 based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. We evaluated the ability of APHC1 and APHC3 to inhibit TRPV1 using the whole-cell patch clamp approach and single cell Ca2+ imaging. In vivo tests were performed to assess the biological effects of APHC1 and APHC3 on temperature sensation, inflammation and core body temperature. In the electrophysiological study, both polypeptides partially blocked the capsaicin-induced response of TRPV1, but only APHC3 inhibited acid-induced (pH 5.5) activation of the receptor. APHC1 and APHC3 showed significant antinociceptive and analgesic activity in vivo at reasonable doses (0.01–0.1 mg/kg) and did not cause hyperthermia. Intravenous administration of these polypeptides prolonged hot-plate latency, blocked capsaicin- and formalin-induced behavior, reversed CFA-induced hyperalgesia and produced hypothermia. Notably, APHC3’s ability to inhibit the low pH-induced activation of TRPV1 resulted in a reduced behavioural response in the acetic acid-induced writhing test, whereas APHC1 was much less effective. The polypeptides APHC1 and APHC3 could be referred to as a new class of TRPV1 modulators that produce a significant analgesic effect without hyperthermia.
The Consequences of Perfectionism Scale

This study investigated the Consequences of Perfectionism Scale (COPS) and its relationships with perfectionism, performance perfectionism, affect, and depressive symptoms in 202 university students using confirmatory factor analysis, correlations, and regression analyses. Results suggest that the COPS is a reliable and valid measure of positive and negative consequences of perfectionism.
The Creation of Cybrids Harboring Mitochondrial Haplogroups in the Taiwanese Population of Ethnic Chinese Background: An Extensive In Vitro Tool for the Study of Mitochondrial Genomic Variations

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups may contribute to the development of aging-related diseases. A reliable in vitro cellular system for investigating the physiologic significance of mtDNA haplogroups is essential. This study aims to construct and characterize a series of cybrid cell lines harboring variant mtDNA haplogroups collected from healthy Taiwanese volunteers. Cybrid cells harboring different mtDNA haplogroups like B4a, B4b, B4c, B4d, B5, R, F1a, F2, D4e, D4a, D5b, D5a, E, M8, C, and N9a were prepared. Luminex 1000 and full-length mtDNA sequencing were used to confirm that mtDNA haplogroups of transmitochondrial cybrids were identical to their original donors. Cybrid B4b had a significantly lower oxygen consumption rate and higher mitochondrial membrane potential compared to F1a, B5, D5a, D4a, and N9a but had more susceptibility to H2O2-induced oxidative stress than cybrid F1a, D4a, and N9a. Cybrid N9a had better oxygen consumption and H2O2-challenged viability compared to B4b, F1a, B5, D5a, and D4a. A series of cybrid cells harboring the main haplogroups of the Taiwanese population with ethnic Chinese background has been developed in vitro. With this mtDNA haplogroup population, the underlying mechanisms of aging-related diseases may be better understood, and therapeutic interventions can be accelerated.
Bio-inspired time synchronization for cognitive radio ad hoc networks

Harnessing the full power of the paradigm-shifting cognitive radio ad hoc networks (CRAHNs) hinges on solving the problem of time synchronization between the radios during the different stages of the cognitive radio cycle. The dynamic network topology, the temporal and spatial variations in spectrum availability, and the distributed multi-hop architecture of CRAHNs mandate novel solutions to achieve time synchronization and efficiently support spectrum sensing, access, decision and mobility. In this paper, we advance this research agenda by proposing the novel Bio-inspired time SynChronization protocol for CRAHNs (BSynC). The protocol draws on the spontaneous firefly synchronization observed in parts of Southeast Asia. The significance of BSynC lies in its capability of promoting symmetric time synchronization between pairs of network nodes independent of the network topology or a predefined sequence for synchronization. It enables the nodes in CRAHNs to synchronize in a decentralized manner efficiently, and is reliably. The findings suggest that BSynC improves convergence time, thereby favoring deployment in dynamic network scenarios.
Gender-Specific Impact of Cadmium Exposure on Bone Metabolism in Older People Living in a Cadmium-Polluted Area in Thailand

To elucidate the influence of cadmium exposure on bone metabolism, associations between urinary/blood cadmium and bone resorption/formation markers were investigated in older cadmium exposed men and women. Increased urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), a bone resorption marker, was found to be associated with increased levels of parathyroid hormone, fractional excretion of calcium, and urinary/blood cadmium after adjusting for confounding factors in men. In women, urinary NTx was significantly associated with only urinary cadmium and a strong relationship with increased fractional excretion of calcium. Risk for bone metabolic disorders, indicated by high urinary NTx, significantly increased in men with blood cadmium ≥ 10 μg/L or urinary cadmium ≥ 10 μg/g creatinine. Increased osteocalcin level was significantly associated with increased blood cadmium in men. In conclusion, cadmium exposure appeared to have an influence on bone remodeling both bone resorption and formation in this population of older Thai men, and blood cadmium was more closely associated with bone metabolism than urinary cadmium.
Thermodynamic approach to unit commitment problem

Power system operation planning involves the best utilization of all available energy sources subjected to various constraints. It includes transfer of electric energy from generating companies to the consumers with maximum safety, continuity, quality and minimum operating cost. The minimum operating cost is obtained by scheduling available cheaper units. Unit commitment involves hour to hour ordering of the units in the system to match the anticipated load and allow losses with sufficient safety margin. Simulated annealing is a derivative free thermodynamic optimization method. It provides unit scheduling with minimum running cost, where temperature is the control parameter. With time and power demand as the comparative factors, scheduling of units in a cost effective manner was done on a small power system with three generating units. The case study reveals that the total cost of production reduced to a considerable amount.
Essay Examinations and Objective Tests in United States History in the Junior High School

An examination of the literature relating to testing in the social sciences indicates the widespread popularity of objective tests. This popularity is particularly shown in the literature relating to testing in United States history. In recent years, however, some educators have attacked the objective, or new-type, tests on the ground that they do not measure understanding. These critics have insisted that objective tests are informational in character and that such tests measure only memory and recall. If this criticism is true, objective tests cannot be justified in United States history for, obviously, the main objectives of instruction in this subject are understanding and comprehension rather than memory and recall.
A time series model of the working alliance: A key process in short-term psychoanalytic counseling.

The relationship between the counselor and client's perception of the working alliance across sessions was investigated in short-term psychoanalytic counseling. Prior research suggests that counselors play a large role in clients' perception of the working alliance. A time-series analysis allowed specific processes based upon prior research and theory to be tested. The results illustrate a timebound process of counselor and client perceptions of the working alliance. The findings provide further evidence that counselors play a major role in clients' perception of the working alliance and that this impact carries over into the subsequent sessions in short-term psychoanalytic counseling. Implications are discussed and avenues for future research are suggested.
Comparing provision and appropriateness of health care between immigrants and non-immigrants in Germany using the example of neuraxial anaesthesia during labour: cross-sectional study

Objective Research on health services for immigrants has mostly been concerned with access barriers but rarely with appropriateness and responsiveness of care. We assessed whether appropriateness and responsiveness of care depend on migration status, using provision of neuraxial anaesthesia (NA) during labour as indicator. In relation to their migration status, we analysed whether (1) women undergoing elective or secondary/urgent secondary caesarean sections (ESCS) appropriately receive NA (instead of general anaesthesia), (2) women delivering vaginally appropriately receive NA and (3) women objecting to NA, for example, for religious reasons, may deliver vaginally without receiving NA (provider responsiveness). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Three obstetric hospitals in Berlin, Germany. Methods Questionnaire survey covering 6391 women with migration history (first and second generations) and non-immigrant women giving birth; data linkage with routine obstetric data. We assessed the effects of migrant status, German language proficiency, religion and education on the provision of NA (primary outcome) after adjusting for other maternal and obstetric parameters. Results The chance of receiving NA for elective/ESCS was independent of migrant status after controlling for confounding variables (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.93, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.33). In vaginal deliveries, first (but not second) generation women (aOR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.95), women with low German language skills (aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.99) and women with low educational attainment (aOR 0.62, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.82) had lower chances of receiving NA; there was no evidence of overprovision among women with strong affinity to Islam (aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.94). Conclusions We found evidence for underprovision of care among first-generation immigrants, among women with low German language proficiency and particularly among all women with low educational attainment, irrespective of migration status. There was no evidence for overprovision of care to immigrant women, either inappropriately (general anaesthesia for ESCS) or because of low provider responsiveness (no opt-out for NA in vaginal delivery).
Effective early childhood care and education: Successful approaches and didactic strategies for fostering child development

ABSTRACT This research article attempts to determine strategies that can be used to support children's cognitive and social-emotional development in early childhood care and education programs. By synthesizing empirical evidence about pedagogical techniques that promote children's competencies, the article aims to identify those characteristics of programs that ultimately contribute to the effectiveness of early childhood care and education. In particular, the article summarizes strategies that foster children's acquisition of language, math, and social-emotional skills. In so doing, it responds to the needs of program staff who struggle to understand and address the numerous developmental needs of young children and it provides concrete guidance for policymakers and management personnel who aim to design purposeful programs which benefit child development effectively.
Scalable Multi-group Key Management for Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is composed of systems and networks to incorporate changes for modernizing the electricity grid, reduce peak loads, and meet energy efficiency targets. AMI is a privileged target for security attacks with potentially great damage against infrastructures and privacy. For this reason, Key Management has been identified as one of the most challenging topics in AMI development. In this paper, we propose a new Scalable multi-group key management for AMI (SAMI) to secure data communications in an Advanced Metering Infrastructure. It is a key management scheme that can support unicast, multicast and broadcast communications based on an efficient multi-group key graph technique. An analysis of security and performance, and a comparison of our scheme with recently proposed schemes show that our solution induces low storage overhead (reduction reaches 83%) and low communication overhead (reduction reaches 99%) compared to existing solutions.
Information flow control for Java based on path conditions in dependence graphs

Language-based information flow control (IFC) is a powerful tool to discover security leaks in software. Most current IFC approaches are however based on nonstandard type systems. Type-based IFC is elegant, but not precise and can lead to false alarms. We present a more precise approach to IFC which exploits active research in static program analysis. Our IFC approach is based on path conditions in program dependence graphs (PDGs). PDGs are a sophisticated and powerful analysis device, and today can handle realistic programs in full C or Java. We first recapitulate a theorem connecting the classical notion of noninterference to PDGs. We then introduce path conditions in Java PDGs. Path conditions are necessary conditions for information flow; today path conditions can be generated and solved for realistic programs. We show how path conditions can produce witnesses for security leaks. The approach has been implemented for full Java and augmented with classical security level lattices. Examples and case studies demonstrate the feasibility and power of the method.
Polyphenols pattern and correlation with antioxidant activities of berries extracts from four different populations of Sicilian Sambucus nigra L.

Sambucus nigra L. (Caprifoliaceae) is wide spread in temperate and sub-tropical zones. The consumption of its berries has been associated with health benefits especially for its high content of natural antioxidants such as polyphenols, in particular anthocyanins. In this work we investigated the polyphenolic composition and the in vitro antioxidant activities (ABTS, DPPH, BCB and FRAP-ferrozine (FRAP-FZ) assays) of S. nigra berries, collected in four different Sicilian areas (Italy). Elderberries are considered one of the fruits with highest anthocyanins content, the amount of phenolic compounds, other than anthocyanins, is approximately 1.5 times greater than the latter. The LC–MS analyses have revealed an opposite trend in the polyphenols pattern in Sicilian populations. Moreover, a statistical correlation was found between cyanidin-3-sambubioside-5-glucoside and antioxidant activity evaluated by FRAP-FZ and ABTS assays. In conclusion, Sicilian S. nigra berries are appealing for its antioxidant potential and for its particularly high content of anthocyanins.
SkewControl: Gini Out of the Bottle

In the age of big data, MapReduce plays an important role in the extreme-scale data processing system. Among all the hot issues, the data skew weights heavily for the MapReduce system performance. In traditional approaches, researchers attempt to leave the users to address the issue which requires the user to possess the application-dependent domain knowledge. Other approaches address the issue automatically but in an open-loop manner which lacks of sufficient adaptivity for different applications. To well address these issues, we conduct trace-driven empirical studies and show that the skew has strong stable and predictable characteristics, which allows us to design a closed-loop automatic mechanism for task partitioning and scheduling, called SkewControl. We implement SkewControl on top of a Hadoop 1.0. 4 production system. The experimental results show that compared with the state-of-art LATE and SkewTune systems, SkewControl can consistently improve the system response time by 23.8% and 17% respectively.
Socially Interactive Technology and Contemporary Dating

This cross-cultural research study explores socially interactive technology (SIT) and contemporary dating among young adults in Poland as well as in the United States. Specifically, the study investigates characteristics of and cultural differences in the nature of modern dating relationships with a focus on deviant dating behaviors. It was hypothesized that students in the United States would have higher rates of nontraditional dating relationships and engage in more sexualized behaviors via social media. Alternative hypotheses were provided regarding cultural differences in the reporting of socially interactive (SI) relational aggression. Online surveys asking about relationship characteristics and behaviors that occurred through short messaging services, also referred to as text messaging, and social networking were administered to students in both countries. Findings revealed statistically significant differences between countries in regard to dating composition and sexual behavior. The predictions that American students would have more nontraditional relationships and engage in more sexualized behaviors were supported. Findings also revealed that rates of SI relational aggression were higher among American students than their Polish counterparts, and subsequent analyses revealed that those who engaged in sexualized acts were more likely to report SI relational aggression victimization and perpetration, which offered evidence in support of lifestyle theory. Gender differences also emerged. A discussion follows summarizing the findings, limitations, and directions for future research.
Salicylic Acid Is an Uncoupler and Inhibitor of Mitochondrial Electron Transport1

The effect of salicylic acid (SA) on respiration and mitochondrial function was examined in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) suspension cell cultures in the range of 0.01 to 5 mm. Cells rapidly accumulated SA up to 10-fold of the externally applied concentrations. At the lower concentrations, SA accumulation was transitory. When applied at 0.1 mm or less, SA stimulated respiration of whole cells and isolated mitochondria in the absence of added ADP, indicating uncoupling of respiration. However, at higher concentrations, respiration was severely inhibited. Measurements of ubiquinone redox poise in isolated mitochondria suggested that SA blocked electron flow from the substrate dehydrogenases to the ubiquinone pool. This inhibition could be at least partially reversed by re-isolating the mitochondria. Two active analogs of SA, benzoic acid and acetyl-SA, had the same effect as SA on isolated tobacco mitochondria, whereas the inactive p-hydroxybenzoic acid was without effect at the same concentration. SA induced an increase in Aox protein levels in cell suspensions, and this was correlated with an increase in Aox1 transcript abundance. However, when applied at 0.1 mm, this induction was transient and disappeared as SA levels in the cells declined. SA at 0.1 mm also increased the expression of other SA-responsive genes, and this induction was dependent on active mitochondria. The results indicate that SA is both an uncoupler and an inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport and suggest that this underlies the induction of some genes by SA. The possible implications of this for the interpretation of SA action in plants are discussed.
The effect of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant with enzymes on the fermentation dynamics , intake and digestibility of Digitaria eriantha silage

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of applying a bacterial inoculant with enzymes to D. eriantha on the fermentation dynamics during ensiling, the aerobic stability, intake and digestibility of the silage. The grass was ensiled, with or without the addition of a lactic acid bacterial inoculant at 10colony forming units per gram of fresh material, in Cryovac barrier bags. The inoculant Sil-All (Supplied by Alltech Biotechnology) contained Lactobacillus plantarum, Steptococcus faecium and Pediococcus acidilactici together with the enzymes, cellulase, hemicellulase and amylase. To follow the fermentation dynamics during ensiling samples were taken on days 1, 2, 5, 9 and 44 of ensiling for chemical and microbiological analysis. The inoculant resulted in a more rapid drop in pH, a higher level of lactic acid and lactic acid bacteria, less protein breakdown and lower numbers of enterobacteria, clostridial spores, yeast and mould compared to control silage. Silage was made on a larger scale in two tower silos (1.5 t silage capacity) for each of the control and inoculated treatment. D. eriantha hay was also made at the same time. Silage and hay diets were fed to 24 Merino rams (n = 8 per treatment), weighing 62 2.7 kg to determine intake and digestibility. The intake of diets consisting of 90.9% D. eriantha hay, control silage or inoculated silage, differed significantly (p < 0.05) at 1395, 1540 and 1848 g DM dayÿ1, respectively. The in vivo organic matter digestibility (g kgÿ1) of D. eriantha hay, untreated silage and inoculated silage diets was 561, 546, 574, respectively. The addition of the bacterial inoculant when ensiling D. eriantha resulted in better preservation, improved aerobic stability, as well as a Animal Feed Science and Technology
Reduction of endogenous GRP78 levels improves secretion of a heterologous protein in CHO cells

GRP78 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and associates with improperly folded or underglycosylated proteins. The role of GRP78 in secretion was studied in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) variant which lacks potential N-linked glycosylation site sequences because of mutagenesis. The expression of variant tPA resulted in elevated levels of GRP78 and its stable association with tPA. The introduction of antisense GRP78 genes resulted in a two- to threefold reduction in GRP78 levels compared with those of the original cells. Cells with reduced levels of GRP78 secreted two- to threefold-higher levels of tPA activity. tPA expressed in these cells displayed reduced association with GRP78, and a greater proportion was processed to the mature form and secreted. These results demonstrate that reduction of GRP78 level can improve the secretion of an associated protein.
Correlates of Stress Among African American Nuns

This article presents the findings of an exploratory study of the stress experienced by 72 African American nuns. The study found that the less satisfied the nuns were with their religious congregations and the less healthy they felt, the more stress they reported. Stress was also significantly correlated with current age, age at entrance into religious life, and length of time in religious life and in the current religious congregation.