Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Material needs for turbine sealing at high temperature

Abstract There is considerable interest in reducing the volume of gas escaping around the blade tips in a gas turbine by fixing an abrasive, such as c-BN, onto the blade tip with an alloy, such as MCrAlY. Abrasion testing at 1100°C showed that the MCrAlY deformed and the abrasive particles oxidised. The shear stress in the MCrAlY was estimated by finite element methods to be in the range of 5–30 MPa, while measurements of the frictional heating suggest the local temperature is between 1100 and 1200°C. Creep testing showed that conventional MCrAlYs were too weak under these conditions. However, higher strengths were obtained using a continuous reinforcing phase together with NiAl. An Al2O3/ZrO2 abrasive was investigated as a more oxidation resistant abrasive. In this case, reaction with the MCrAlY caused Ni to diffuse into the abrasive forming layers of NiO, weakening the particles and causing premature failure.
A study of network security using penetration testing

In the network security cybercrime technologies have brought many good things by means of the internet: electronic commerce, easy access to vast stores of reference material, collaborative computing, e-mail, and new avenues for advertising and information distribution, to name a few. As with most technological advances, there is also a other side: criminal hackers. Governments, companies, and private citizens around the world are anxious to be a part of this revolution, but they are afraid that some hacker will break into their Web server and replace their logo with pornography, read their e-mail, steal their credit card number from an online shopping site, or implant software that will secretly transmit their organization's secrets to the open Internet. With these concerns and others, the ethical hacker can help. This paper describes ethical hackers: their skills, their attitudes, and how they go about helping their customers find and plug up security holes. “Hacking” is the word that shakes everyone whenever it is said or heard by someone. Everyone born in this world with attitude wants to be a Hacker. But it is not a job of a new born baby or an old grown lady. A Hacker needs a brilliant mind to hack anything. There are many rules that he should learn to become an Ethical Hacker which is also called as penetrate testing. These rules include knowledge of HTML, Java Scripts, Computer Tricks, Cracking & Breaking etc.etc. In this paper I explain about the hacking techniques and the functions of how it takes place in the network and the methods to be solved.
Recent Development of Prebiotic Research—Statement from an Expert Workshop

A dietary prebiotic is defined as ‘a substrate that is selectively utilized by host microorganisms conferring a health benefit’. Although this definition evolved concomitantly with the knowledge and technological developments that accrued in the last twenty years, what qualifies as prebiotic continues to be a matter of debate. In this statement, we report the outcome of a workshop where academic experts working in the field of prebiotic research met with scientists from industry. The workshop covered three main topics: (i) evolution of the prebiotic concept/definition; (ii) the gut modeling in vitro technology PolyFermS to study prebiotic effects; and (iii) the potential novel microbiome-modulating effects associated with vitamins. The future of prebiotic research is very promising. Indeed, the technological developments observed in recent years provide scientists with powerful tools to investigate the complex ecosystem of gut microbiota. Combining multiple in vitro approaches with in vivo studies is key to understanding the mechanisms of action of prebiotics consumption and their potential beneficial effects on the host.
Statistical Characterization of Fracture in the Transition Region

Fracture toughness results are measured in the transition region for an ASTM A471 Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel on two specimen sizes IT compact tension (CT) and 4T-CT. The results are typical for steels in the transition in that the smaller specimen toughness values are greater than the larger specimen results. Two explanations are given for this behavior. One explanation, based on loss of constraint, suggests that small specimens cannot be used to characterize the toughness of a large structure in the transition region. A second explanation, based on a statistical model, suggests that small specimen results when properly analyzed can be used to characterize the toughness of large structures. The results of these tests and others support the statistical model as the proper explanation for the observed difference in toughness between small and large specimens in the transition. The model gives a method for analyzing small specimen results to properly predict the toughness of a large structure.
On Reduction of Mixtures of the Exponential Family Distributions

Many estimation problems require a mixture reduction algorithm with which an increasing number of mixture components are reduced to a tractable level. In this technical report a discussion on dierent aspects of mixture reduction is given followed by a presentation of numerical simulation on reduction of mixture densities where the component density belongs to the exponential family of distributions.
Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake

Lipid supplements (oilseeds vegetables) are included in ruminant diet to increase its energy density and improve fatty acid composition of milk and consequently of fresh cheese. Milk and cheeses were evaluated from crossbred Holstein × Zebu, fed diets enriched with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% inclusion levels of palm kernel cake in concentrated supplement, which were supplied daily (3.0 kg). Milk and fresh cheese (p = 0.001) fatty acids C12:0 exhibited quadratic negative values. Milk fatty acids C13:0, C20:0, C18:2t10c12, and C20:2n-6 presented positive quadratic values. The milk C18:2n-6 decreased linearly and in fresh cheese exhibited an increasing linear effect (p = 0.016). However, the fatty acids grouped in milk fat were not affected. The medium-chain fatty acids varied negatively and quadratically (p = 0.045). There was no effect on milk and fresh cheese chemical composition (p > 0.05). The milk fat was increased (p = 0.0065) quadratically (minimum point of 24.7%). Thus, the addition of palm kernel cake to cow diets negatively altered the fatty acid profile, it raises the percentage of lauric (C12) and tridecanoic (C13) acids fat which is not beneficial to human health from a nutraceutical perspective, although it did not influence the atherogenicity index.
A level set driven by MR features of focal cortical dysplasia for lesion segmentation

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), a malformation of cortical development, is an important cause of medically intractable epilepsy. FCD lesions are difficult to distinguish from non-lesional cortex and their delineation on MRI is a challenging task. This paper presents a method to segment FCD lesions on T1-weighted MRI, based on a 3D deformable model, implemented using the level set framework. The deformable model is driven by three MRI features: cortical thickness, relative intensity and gradient. These features correspond to the visual characteristics of FCD and allow to differentiate lesions from normal tissues. The proposed method was tested on 18 patients with FCD and its performance was quantitatively evaluated by comparison with the manual tracings of two trained raters. The validation showed that the similarity between the level set segmentation and the manual labels is similar to the agreement between the two human raters. This new approach may become a useful tool for the presurgical evaluation of patients with intractable epilepsy.
Conformal Surface Morphing with Applications on Facial Expressions

Morphing is the process of changing one figure into another. Some numerical methods of 3D surface morphing by deformable modeling and conformal mapping are shown in this study. It is well known that there exists a unique Riemann conformal mapping from a simply connected surface into a unit disk by the Riemann mapping theorem. The dilation and relative orientations of the 3D surfaces can be linked through the M\"obius transformation due to the conformal characteristic of the Riemann mapping. On the other hand, a 3D surface deformable model can be built via various approaches such as mutual parameterization from direct interpolation or surface matching using landmarks. In this paper, we take the advantage of the unique representation of 3D surfaces by the mean curvatures and the conformal factors associated with the Riemann mapping. By registering the landmarks on the conformal parametric domains, the correspondence of the mean curvatures and the conformal factors for each surfaces can be obtained. As a result, we can construct the 3D deformation field from the surface reconstruction algorithm proposed by Gu and Yau. Furthermore, by composition of the M\"obius transformation and the 3D deformation field, the morphing sequence can be generated from the mean curvatures and the conformal factors on a unified mesh structure by using the cubic spline homotopy. Several numerical experiments of the face morphing are presented to demonstrate the robustness of our approach.
ProcessPAIR: A tool for automated performance analysis and improvement recommendation in software development

High-maturity software development processes can generate significant amounts of data that can be periodically analyzed to identify performance problems, determine their root causes and devise improvement actions. However, conducting that analysis manually is challenging because of the potentially large amount of data to analyze and the effort and expertise required. In this paper, we present ProcessPAIR, a novel tool designed to help developers analyze their performance data with less effort, by automatically identifying and ranking performance problems and potential root causes, so that subsequent manual analysis for the identification of deeper causes and improvement actions can be properly focused. The analysis is based on performance models defined manually by process experts and calibrated automatically from the performance data of many developers. We also show how ProcessPAIR was successfully applied for the Personal Software Process (PSP). A video about ProcessPAIR is available in https://youtu.be/dEk3fhhkduo.
Trajectory Control of a 3-link Planar Manipulator using Virtual Link Based Controller

A hyper-redundant manipulator has the advantage that it can be used in constraint space; however the control of hyper-redundant manipulator is difficult. This paper presents a concept of virtual link based two degrees of freedom (DOF) controller. With the proposed controller, manipulator of any number of links can be reduced to either a 2-link virtual manipulator or one real and one virtual link manipulator. To illustrate the methodology, a 3-link planar hyper-redundant manipulator has been considered. Simulations have been carried out to validate the efficacy of the controller. The developed control scheme can be used in trajectory control of manipulators used for surgical applications i.e., invivo robot. Keywords— trajectory control; virtual link approach; bond graph.
Batch bulk-micromachined high-precision metal-on-insulator microspires and their application to scanning tunneling microscopy

A batch fabrication technology of high-precision metal-on-insulator microspires has been developed. In the fabrication process, only a self-convergent bulk micromachining by hydrofluoric acid isotropic etching is employed to sharpen fused silica. In the isotropic wet-etch process, convex corners, once they appear on the etched spires, are kept even in over-etching. This convex-corner preservation effect allows us to define the nanometer-scale profiles at the apex of the spires with micrometer-scale mask patterns. By sputtering platinum on the fabricated silica spires, we have succeeded in building exceptionally tall (0.15 mm) and nanopointed (50 nm curvature radius) metal-on-insulator spires having our designed apex structure. Clear scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surface have been obtained by applying the microspire to an STM probe, thus verifying their applicability to an STM tip.
Identifying Similar Software Datasets through Fuzzy Inference System

Similar software have similar software measurements. Defect data from one software can be used to anticipate defects in a similar software. Although, not many defect datasets are made public in software engineering domain, PROMISE repository is a reasonable collection of software data. This paper presents a two step approach to identify similar software and applies the proposed technique to find similar datasets in PROMISE repository. As step 1, the approach generates associations rules for each dataset to determine dataset's behavior in terms of frequent patterns. As step 2, overlap between the association rules is calculated using Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS). The FIS generated for the study have been expert-based as well as auto-generated. Similarity between 28 dataset pairs has been found KC2 and PC1 turned out to be most similar datasets with 86% similarity using Mamdani, 92% with Sugeno models. Results from expert-based and auto generated FIS have been comparable.
Taxing vehicle miles traveled : The Traffic Choices Experiment in the Puget Sound region Most recent version : Download

Driving creates a number of externalities, including congestion, emissions of conventional air pollutants and greenhouse gases, road wear and tear, and accidents. In principle, these externalities could be corrected by charging drivers a tax for each mile driven, but the effectiveness of such measures when implemented in practice is unclear. This paper analyzes the implementation of a tax on vehicle miles traveled in the Seattle, WA, metropolitan area between 2005 and 2006. Prior to the beginning of the trial, the travel behavior of 276 volunteer households was recorded through devices installed in their vehicles. During the trial period participants had to pay a toll for each mile driven. The rate changed with the hour of the day, the day of the week and the type of road. The results from my analysis show that on average in the first week of the trial period participants reduced their miles driven by 6.83% for each 10 cents/mile toll. The effect of the toll system disappears after the first week, with the exception of miles driven in highways. This calls for caution when inferring about taxes and other economic incentives or disincentives based on short-lived programs and on behaviors within a narrow window of the implementation of the program itself. There is also a strong heterogeneity in household response to the toll, with higher-income households and households with children being less responsive whereas households used to drive often or during high-toll times and roads show a higher reduction in miles.
Incipient allochronic speciation in the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Lepidoptera, Notodontidae)

A plausible case of allochronic differentiation, where barrier to gene flow is primarily attributable to a phenological shift, was recently discovered in Portugal for the pine processionary moth Thaumetopoea pityocampa. Previous results suggested that the observed ‘summer population’ (SP) originated from the sympatric winter population (WP). Our objectives were to finely analyse these patterns and test their stability in time, through field monitoring and genetic analyses of larvae and adults across different years. Reproductive activity never overlapped between SP and WP. Microsatellites showed a clear differentiation of the SP, consistent with a strong reduction in gene flow owing to the phenological shift. Assignment tests suggested that some individuals shift from the SP to the WP phenology, causing some hybridization. We discuss these patterns and their maintenance over time. This could be a first stage of allochronic speciation, and SP should be considered as a distinct phenological race.
On the Stability and Electronic Structure of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayer Alloys Mo1−xXxS2−ySey with X = W, Nb

Layered transition-metal dichalcogenides have extraordinary electronic properties, which can be easily modified by various means. Here, we have investigated how the stability and electronic structure of MoS 2 monolayers is influenced by alloying, i.e., by substitution of the transition metal Mo by W and Nb and of the chalcogen S by Se. While W and Se incorporate into the MoS 2 matrix homogeneously, forming solid solutions, the incorporation of Nb is energetically unstable and results in phase separation. However, all three alloying atoms change the electronic band structure significantly. For example, a very small concentration of Nb atoms introduces localized metallic states, while Mo 1 - x W x S 2 and MoS 2 - y Se y alloys exhibit spin-splitting of the valence band of strength that is in between that of the pure materials. Moreover, small, but evident spin-splitting is introduced in the conduction band due to the symmetry breaking. Therefore, transition-metal dichalcogenide alloys are interesting candidates for optoelectronic and spintronic applications.
Efficient and effective redundancy removal for million-gate circuits

Summary form only given. In Magma's BlastFusion/spl reg/ and BlastChip/spl reg/ software, very large blocks of logic (millions of gates) are handled flat. We implemented redundancy removal in a way that will allow it to run efficiently (fast, low memory usage) and robustly (no run time or memory explosion on any netlist) on industrial designs of up to several million gates. We achieve this without resorting to partitioning. We do not try to identify all redundancies in a circuit, as an exact solution to this NP-hard problem is infeasible for the large circuits we face. Instead we try to identify as many as possible in a reasonable run time. We use a carefully engineered combination of Fault Collapsing, Random Test Generation (RTG) and the D-algorithm.
Using Memetic Algorithm For Matching Process Models

To support the analysis, redesign, and implementation projects in enterprises, it's necessary to identify the correspondences between different business process models. However, according to the process model matching contests, the effectiveness of state-of-the-art process model matchers is low, i.e., their alignment only contain a few existing and many irrelevant correspondences. To improve the quality of process model alignment, in this work, we propose a novel activity similarity measure to calculate the similarity between different activities, construct an optimal model for process model matching problem and design a Memetic Algorithm (MA) based process model matcher to determine the high quality process model alignments. The experimental result shows that our approach's performance significantly outperforms other EA based matchers and state-of-the-art process model matchers.
A robot-assisted surgery system for spinal fusion

The goal of this work is to develop a robot-assisted surgery system for spinal fusion, which is composed of a robot, a surgical planning system, and an optical tracking system. The system plays roles of assisting surgeon for inserting a pedicle screw in spinal fusion. Compared to pure navigation systems as well as conventional methods for spinal fusion, it is able to achieve better accuracy through compensating for the portending movement of the surgical area. Furthermore, the robot can position and guide needles, drills, and other surgical instruments or conducts drilling/screwing directly. In preoperative surgery, the desired entry point, orientation, and depth of surgical tools for pedicle screw insertion are determined by the surgical planning system based on CT or MR images. Intra-operatively, the position information on the surgical instruments and the targeted surgical areas are obtained by the tracking system and, using that information, a robot conducts the preplanned operation depending on its role while compensating the movement of the surgical area. Two exemplary experiments employing the developed robot-assisted surgery system are conducted.
Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies.

We describe extensions to the method of Pritchard et al. for inferring population structure from multilocus genotype data. Most importantly, we develop methods that allow for linkage between loci. The new model accounts for the correlations between linked loci that arise in admixed populations ("admixture linkage disequilibium"). This modification has several advantages, allowing (1) detection of admixture events farther back into the past, (2) inference of the population of origin of chromosomal regions, and (3) more accurate estimates of statistical uncertainty when linked loci are used. It is also of potential use for admixture mapping. In addition, we describe a new prior model for the allele frequencies within each population, which allows identification of subtle population subdivisions that were not detectable using the existing method. We present results applying the new methods to study admixture in African-Americans, recombination in Helicobacter pylori, and drift in populations of Drosophila melanogaster. The methods are implemented in a program, structure, version 2.0, which is available at http://pritch.bsd. uchicago.edu.
Estimation of Space-Time Varying Parameters Using a Diffusion LMS Algorithm

We study the problem of distributed adaptive estimation over networks where nodes cooperate to estimate physical parameters that can vary over both space and time domains. We use a set of basis functions to characterize the space-varying nature of the parameters and propose a diffusion least mean-squares (LMS) strategy to recover these parameters from successive time measurements. We analyze the stability and convergence of the proposed algorithm, and derive closed-form expressions to predict its learning behavior and steady-state performance in terms of mean-square error. We find that in the estimation of the space-varying parameters using distributed approaches, the covariance matrix of the regression data at each node becomes rank-deficient. Our analysis reveals that the proposed algorithm can overcome this difficulty to a large extent by benefiting from the network stochastic matrices that are used to combine exchanged information between nodes. We provide computer experiments to illustrate and support the theoretical findings.
UMCC_DLSI: Reinforcing a Ranking Algorithm with Sense Frequencies and Multidimensional Semantic Resources to solve Multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation

This work introduces a new unsupervised approach to multilingual word sense disambiguation. Its main purpose is to automatically choose the intended sense (meaning) of a word in a particular context for different languages. It does so by selecting the correct Babel synset for the word and the various Wiki Page titles that mention the word. BabelNet contains all the output information that our system needs, in its Babel synset. Through Babel synset, we find all the possible Synsets for the word in WordNet. Using these Synsets, we apply the disambiguation method Ppr+Freq to find what we need. To facilitate the work with WordNet, we use the ISR-WN which offers the integration of different resources to WordNet. Our system, recognized as the best in the competition, obtains results around 69% of Recall.