Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis and Design of Computational News Angles

A key skill for a journalist is the ability to assess the newsworthiness of an event or situation. To this purpose journalists often rely on news angles, conceptual criteria that are used both i) to assess whether something is newsworthy and also ii) to shape the structure of the resulting news item. As journalism becomes increasingly computer-supported, and more and more sources of potentially newsworthy data become available in real time, it makes sense to try and equip journalistic software tools with operational versions of news angles, so that, when searching this vast data space, these tools can both identify effectively the events most relevant to the target audience, and also link them to appropriate news angles. In this paper we analyse the notion of news angle and, in particular, we i) introduce a formal framework and data schema for representing news angles and related concepts and ii) carry out a preliminary analysis and characterization of a number of commonly used news angles, both in terms of our formal model and also in terms of the computational reasoning capabilities that are needed to apply them effectively to real-world scenarios. This study provides a stepping stone towards our ultimate goal of realizing a solution capable of exploiting a library of news angles to identify potentially newsworthy events in a large journalistic data space.
GfaPy : a flexible and extensible library for handling sequence graphs in Python Supplementary Information

Each line in the GFA file consists of TAB-separated fields. The first field is a string defining the record type. It is followed by a number of positional fields (except for header lines, which have none), i.e. fields whose datatype and field name is implicit from their position in the line. Furthermore, each line can be complemented by tags, optional fields where the name and datatype is written explicitly.
Insulin amyloid fibrillation at above 100°C: New insights into protein folding under extreme temperatures

To investigate the folding behavior of amyloidogenic proteins under extreme temperatures, the kinetics of fibrillation and accompanying secondary structure transitions of bovine insulin were studied for temperatures ranging up to 140°C. The presence of extreme heat stress had traditionally been associated with irreversible denaturation of protein while the initial steps of such a denaturation process may be common with a fibril formation pathway of amyloidogenic proteins. The present work demonstrates the ability of insulin to form amyloid fibrils at above 100°C. Amyloid formation was gradually replaced by random coil generation after ∼80°C until no amyloid was detected at 140°C. The morphology of insulin amyloid fibrils underwent sharp changes with increasing the temperature. The dependence of amyloid formation rate on incubation temperature followed non‐Arrhenius kinetics, which is explained by temperature‐dependent enthalpy change for amyloid formation. The intermediate stage of amyloid formation and random coil generation consisted of a partially folded intermediate common to both pathways. The fully unfolded monomers in random coil conformation showed partial reversibility through this intermediate by reverting back to the amyloid pathway when formed at 140°C and incubated at 100°C. This study highlights the non‐Arrhenius kinetics of amyloid fibrillation under extreme temperatures, and elucidates its intermediate stage common with random coil formation.
Role of fine‐needle aspirate immunophenotyping by flow cytometry in rapid diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders

Immunophenotyping is an essential component in the diagnostic work‐up of lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD). As compared to immunohistochemistry, flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCMI) is rapid, quantitative and a more objective technique. This study was designed to evaluate the utility of FCMI on fine needle aspirates (FNA) in rapid diagnosis of LPD in routine clinical practice. FNA from 31 consecutive cases clinically suggestive of LPD were subjected to FCMI. Representative material for FCMI was obtained in 28 (90%) cases and a definite diagnosis established in 27 cases. Histopathogical correlation was available in 22 cases and concordance with FCMI results was observed in 19 (86.4%) cases. FCMI analysis was inconclusive in 4 cases. The results of FCMI were available the same day and were crucial for therapeutic purpose in 3 patients with superior vena cava syndrome. FCMI combined with cytological examination of aspirate smears permits rapid diagnosis with high level of accuracy resulting in efficient treatment planning for critically ill patients and those from far‐off rural areas. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2007;35:381–385. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring unmet needs in venous and arterial thromboembolism with rivaroxaban

Summary The vast clinical research programme for the direct, oral factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban has generated a wealth of data since the first rivaroxaban approval in 2008 for the prevention of venous thrombo embolism (VTE) in patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. While rivaroxaban is widely used across a spectrum of seven indications, there is continuous commitment to investigating its wider benefits in new indications and attempts to refine current evidence. Key data from recently completed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that rivaroxaban is a feasible anticoagulation option for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) undergoing cardioversion or catheter ablation. Now, a number of Phase II and III RCTs are underway that seek to uncover further roles for rivaroxaban in patients at risk of thrombosis and aim to improve quality of life. This article will introduce and provide context for these RCTs in the contemporary management of arterial and venous thromboembolism in the following underserved areas: Patients with both NVAF and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS); patients who require transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR); patients with acute or chronic coronary artery disease (CAD; including those with heart failure [HF]); those at risk of or suffering from cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) and those requiring long-term anticoagulation. It is hoped that this collection of studies provides clarity around the use of rivaroxaban as a fundamental component of antithrombotic therapy in an array of clinical situations.
Toward an Attentive Robotic Architecture: Learning-Based Mutual Gaze Estimation in Human–Robot Interaction

Social robotics is an emerging field that is expected to grow rapidly in the near future. In fact, it is increasingly more frequent to have robots that operate in close proximity with humans or even collaborate with them in joint tasks. In this context, the investigation of how to endow a humanoid robot with social behavioral skills typical of human–human interactions is still an open problem. Among the countless social cues needed to establish a natural social attunement, this article reports our research toward the implementation of a mechanism for estimating the gaze direction, focusing in particular on mutual gaze as a fundamental social cue in face-to-face interactions. We propose a learning-based framework to automatically detect eye contact events in online interactions with human partners. The proposed solution achieved high performance both in silico and in experimental scenarios. Our work is expected to be the first step toward an attentive architecture able to endorse scenarios in which the robots are perceived as social partners.
Immunochemical Characterization of Peripheral Nervous System Myelin 170,000‐Mr Glycoprotein

Abstract: A recently described 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein, specific to peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin, was purified from rat PNS myelin by preparative sodium do‐decyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and used to immunize guinea pigs and rabbits. The resultant antisera proved specific for 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, by immunoprecipitation of the appropriate peptide from solubilized PNS myelin, and by immunoblot analysis of rat PNS myelin. The anti‐rat 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein antisera cross‐reacted with proteins of similar molecular weight in human and bovine PNS myelin, but such proteins were not detected in human or rat CNS myelin or other rat tissues. The 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein was also detected by this immunoblot procedure in recently isolated rat Schwann cells but not in those kept in culture for 3 days. By indirect immunofluorescent microscopy, anti‐rat 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein antibody bound to rat PNS myelin sheaths but not to other rat tissues. Together, these studies indicate the 170,000‐Mr glycoprotein is specific to PNS myelin of several species and that a neuronal influence may be required for its expression by Schwann cells.
No Reference Quality Assessment for 3D Synthesized Views by Local Structure Variation and Global Naturalness Change

Depth image based rendering (DIBR) has been widely used to generate different virtual viewpoints of the same scene from the new perspective. However, DIBR tends to introduce annoying artifacts including blurring, discontinuity, blocking, and stretching, etc. Thus, to improve DIBR performance, it is important to accurately measure the visual quality of synthesized views. In this paper, we propose a novel and effective no reference (NR) quality assessment method for 3D synthesized views by local variation and global change (LVGC). More specifically, we firstly compute the Gaussian derivatives for the input image to extract structure and chromatic features. Then, we use the local binary pattern (LBP) operator to encode the structure and chromatic feature maps, which are used to calculate quality-aware features to measure the local structural and chromatic distortion. Besides, we extract luminance features by global change to evaluate the naturalness of 3D synthesized views. With these extracted features, we utilize random forest regression (RFR) to train the quality prediction model from visual features to human ratings. Experimental results on three public benchmark databases demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on estimating visual quality of 3D synthesized views.
Energy-Aware and Reliability-Based Localization-Free Cooperative Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs), protocols with efficient energy and reliable communication are challenging, due to the unpredictable aqueous environment. The sensor nodes deployed in the specific region can not last for a long time communicating with each other because of limited energy. Also, the low speed of the acoustic waves and the small available bandwidth produce high latency as well as high transmission loss, which affects the network reliability. To address such problems, several protocols exist in literature. However, these protocols lose energy efficiency and reliability, as they calculate the geographical coordinates of the node or they do not avoid unfavorable channel conditions. To tackle these challenges, this article presents the two novel routing protocol for UWSNs. The first one energy path and channel aware (EPACA) protocol transmits data from a bottom of the water to the surface sink by taking node’s residual energy $(R_{e})$ , packet history $(H_{p})$ , distance (d) and bit error rate (BER). In EPACA protocol, a source node computes a function value for every neighbor node. The most prior node in terms of calculated function is considered as the target destination. However, the EPACA protocol may not always guarantee packet reliability, as it delivers packets over a single path. To maintain the packet reliability in the network, the cooperative-energy path and channel aware (CoEPACA) routing scheme is added which uses relay nodes in packet advancement. In the CoEPACA protocol, the destination node receives various copies from the source and relay(s). The received data at the destination from multiple routes make the network more reliable due to avoiding the erroneous data. The MATLAB simulations results validated the performance of the proposed algorithms. The EPACA protocol consumed 29.01% and the CoEPACA protocol 19.04% less energy than the counterpart scheme. In addition, the overall 12.40% improvement is achieved in the packet’s reliability. Also, the EPACA protocol outperforms for packets’ latency and network lifetime.
Obtaining biomarkers in cancer progression from outliers of time-series clusters

Studying the expression of transcripts throughout the various stages of prostate cancer may provide insight into the factors that influence the progression of the disease. Moreover, it may also reveal outlier transcripts, which have different trends than the majority of the transcripts. In this study, we use a time-series profile hierarchical clustering method to separate dissimilar groups of aligned transcripts that have maximum distance with the other group expression patterns throughout the various stages/sub-stages of prostate cancer progression. The isolated outliers can serve as biomarkers in analyzing different stages/sub-stages. This paper suggests that the combination of proper clustering, distance function and index validation for clusters are suitable model to find a pattern of trending for transcript abundance throughout different prostate cancer stages/sub-stages. The stages/sub-stages represent the time points, and the growth of the transcript abundance throughout those time points are cubic spline interpolated. The trending throughout those stages can lead to understanding the relationships among the transcripts and provide a better analysis of prostate cancer development through stages.
A Single-VCO Fractional-$N$ Frequency Synthesizer for Digital TV Tuners

A single-voltage-controlled-oscillator (VCO) fractional-N frequency synthesizer is designed for Advanced Television Systems Committee, Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial, and Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting-Terrestrial digital television tuners. This frequency synthesizer can cover all the frequency bands for all three standards with only one VCO, and thus, the chip area as well as the power consumption can be greatly reduced. Different channel spacing requirements can be fulfilled by fractional synthesis. A dynamic frequency calibration loop is also used to automatically choose the coarse setting of the VCO. The synthesizer was fabricated in a standard 0.13-μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and draws 14 mA from a 1.2-V supply. The measured phase noise is lower than -80 dBc/Hz from 1 to 100 kHz offset and -100 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The active area of the frequency synthesizer is smaller than 0.54 mm2.
Teaching NeuroImages: Chiasmal enlargement and enhancement in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy

A 19-year-old man was admitted for subacute severe painless bilateral loss of vision. The patient was known to be a healthy carrier of the mitochondrial G11778A mutation, with a family history of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Funduscopy revealed bilateral optic disc elevation and hyperemia (figure). Goldmann visual fields demonstrated large central scotomas in both eyes. CSF disclosed normal opening pressure and cytochemical examination. Unexpectedly, brain MRI revealed an asymmetrical chiasmal enlargement and enhancement (figure). Similar cases have rarely been reported.1,2 These findings would suggest disruption of the blood–brain barrier at the early stage of the disease,2 likely due to an inflammatory-like mechanism.
Mitochondrial Recombination and Introgression during Speciation by Hybridization

Abstract Genome recombination is a major source of genotypic diversity and contributes to adaptation and speciation following interspecies hybridization. The contribution of recombination in these processes has been thought to be largely limited to the nuclear genome because organelles are mostly uniparentally inherited in animals and plants, which prevents recombination. Unicellular eukaryotes such as budding yeasts do, however, transmit mitochondria biparentally, suggesting that during hybridization, both parents could provide alleles that contribute to mitochondrial functions such as respiration and metabolism in hybrid populations or hybrid species. We examined the dynamics of mitochondrial genome transmission and evolution during speciation by hybridization in the natural budding yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus. Using population-scale mitochondrial genome sequencing in two endemic North American incipient species SpB and SpC and their hybrid species SpC*, we found that both parental species contributed to the hybrid mitochondrial genome through recombination. We support our findings by showing that mitochondrial recombination between parental types is frequent in experimental crosses that recreate the early step of this speciation event. In these artificial hybrids, we observed that mitochondrial genome recombination enhances phenotypic variation among diploid hybrids, suggesting that it could play a role in the phenotypic differentiation of hybrid species. Like the nuclear genome, the mitochondrial genome can, therefore, also play a role in hybrid speciation.
The self-assessment Global Quality of Life scale: Reliability and construct validity

Abstract Objective. The aim was to establish psychometric properties of the Global Quality of Life Scale (GQL) for people with severe mental illness. Methods. GQL is a stand-alone visual analogue scale included in “The Quality Star”, a minimal platform for clinical follow-up and efficiency documentation of mental health services in eight dimensions widely used in Sweden. Validating instruments included MANSA, Inventory of Problem and Solutions, Consumer Satisfaction Rating Scale, Perceived Global Distress, health screening using UKU-Side Effect Rating Scale, GAF, and Perceived Global Burden (for next of kin). Test–retest reliability of the GQL was examined between ratings at quarterly intervals during 1 year. Results. There were three main results: test–retest reliability at quarterly intervals was very satisfactory, concurrent validity with the initial item of life satisfaction scale of MANSA, “Life as a whole”, was demonstrated and finally content validity was clarified by associations with a number of validating measures from several contexts in three studies. Conclusion. GQL have acceptable psychometric properties and is valid for serious mental ill persons. Its use as easy-to-use instrument for screening of perceived global quality of life was supported.
Tissue‐specific developmental requirements of Drosophila tyrosine hydroxylase isoforms

Summary: Drosophila tyrosine hydroxylase (DTH) is a key enzyme in dopamine (DA) biosynthesis, which is expressed in neural and hypodermal DA‐synthesizing cells. We previously reported that two DTH isoforms are produced in flies through tissue‐specific alternative splicing that show distinct regulatory properties. We have now selectively expressed each DTH isoform in vivo in a pale (ple, i.e., DTH‐deficient) mutant background. We show that the embryonic lethality of ple can be rescued by expression of the hypodermal, but not the neural, DTH isoform in all DA cells, indicating that the hypoderm‐ isoform is absolutely required for cuticle biosynthesis and survival in Drosophila. In addition, we report new observations on the consequences of DTH overexpression in the CNS and hypoderm. Our results provide evidence that tissue‐specific alternative splicing of the DTH gene is a vital process in Drosophila development. genesis 35:175–184, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structural Adaptation of a Thermostable Biotin-binding Protein in a Psychrophilic Environment

Background: Search for novel avidins with reduced oligomeric state revealed an intriguing dimeric protein. Results: Structures of shwanavidin from Shewanella denitrificans identified features accountable for high affinity and psychrophilic properties. Conclusion: Phe-43 and disulfide bridge are responsible for the high affinity compensating the lack of intermonomeric interaction in tetrameric avidins. Significance: Proteins from extremophile organisms provide excellent platforms toward the development of novel biotechnological utilizations. Shwanavidin is an avidin-like protein from the marine proteobactrium Shewanella denitrificans, which exhibits an innate dimeric structure while maintaining high affinity toward biotin. A unique residue (Phe-43) from the L3,4 loop and a distinctive disulfide bridge were shown to account for the high affinity toward biotin. Phe-43 emulates the function and position of the critical intermonomeric Trp that characterizes the tetrameric avidins but is lacking in shwanavidin. The 18 copies of the apo-monomer revealed distinctive snapshots of L3,4 and Phe-43, providing rare insight into loop flexibility, binding site accessibility, and psychrophilic adaptation. Nevertheless, as in all avidins, shwanavidin also displays high thermostability properties. The unique features of shwanavidin may provide a platform for the design of a long sought after monovalent form of avidin, which would be ideal for novel types of biotechnological application.
Significant Published Articles for Pharmacy Nutrition Support Practice in 2014 and 2015

Purpose To assist the pharmacy clinician engaged in nutrition support in staying current with the most pertinent literature. Methods Several experienced board-certified clinical pharmacists engaged in nutrition support therapy compiled a list of articles published in 2014 and 2015 that they considered to be important to their practice. Only those articles available in print format were considered for potential inclusion. Articles available only in preprint electronic format were not evaluated. The citation list was compiled into a single spreadsheet where the author participants were asked to ascertain whether they considered the paper important to nutrition support pharmacy practice. A culled list of publications was then identified whereby the majority of author participants (at least 5 out of 8) considered the paper to be important. Results A total of 108 articles were identified; 36 of which were considered to be of high importance. An important guideline article published in early 2016, but not ranked, was also included. The top-ranked articles from the primary literature were reviewed. Conclusion It is recommended that the informed pharmacist, who is engaged in nutrition support therapy, be familiar with the majority of these articles.
LIGHT‐DEPENDENT CYTOTOXIC REACTIONS OF ANTHRACENE

Abstract— Anthracene is a photodynamic compound in vitro. In the presence of oxygen, it is known to generate singlet oxygen and participate in Type II reactions. In aqueous solution, it also participates in Type I reactions, such as in the photoreduction of cytochrome c, which can be suppressed by superoxide dismutase. In argon, direct photoreduction of cytochrome c also takes place. Anthracene induces the photodynamic hemolysis of human erythrocytes and inactivates Escherichia coli cells photodynamically. By using a series of E. coli strains differing in DNA repair capabilities and catalase proficiency, sensitivity to inactivation by anthracene plus NUV was correlated with catalase deficiency rather than with particular repair deficiencies. The fact that carotenoid genes cloned and expressed in E. coli offered partial protection suggests that the membrane may be one possible target for inactivation by anthracene plus NUV. Anthracene plus NUV inactivated Haemophilus influenzae transforming DNA and led to nicking of supercoiled pBR322 DNA in vitro. In vivo, therefore, anthracene is a phototoxic molecule whose cytotoxicity could be the result of damage to more than one target.