Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning with Applications in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide, representing the majority of new cancer cases and cancer-related deaths according to global statistics, making it a significant public health problem in today’s society. The early diagnosis of BC can improve the prognosis and chance of survival significantly, as it can promote timely clinical treatment to patients. Further accurate classification of benign tumours can prevent patients undergoing unnecessary treatments. Thus, the correct diagnosis of BC and classification of patients into malignant or benign groups is the subject of much research. Because of its unique advantages in critical features detection from complex BC datasets, machine learning (ML) is widely recognised as the methodology of choice in BC pattern classification and forecast modelling. In this paper, we aim to review ML techniques and their applications in BC diagnosis and prognosis. Firstly, we provide an overview of ML techniques including artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines (SVMs), decision trees (DTs), and k-nearest neighbors (k-NNs). Then, we investigate their applications in BC. Our primary data is drawn from the Wisconsin breast cancer database (WBCD) which is the benchmark database for comparing the results through different algorithms. Finally, a healthcare system model of our recent work is also shown.
Social interaction using mobile devices and biofeedback: effects on presence, attraction and emotions

In this article we describe the preliminary results of our experiment conducted with the PRESEMO. PRESEMO is a system that makes it possible for an audience to interact during a presentation. The system uses the Nokia N900 devices with heart rate monitors to create an interactive presentation and displays the heart rate of four participants in real time. Over all we measured 70 participants. During the presentation the participants were able to communicate with each other via the mobile devices and answer questions that were presented interactively. In the experiment, short movie clips were presented to the participants during which their interbeat interval, electrodermal activity and blood volume pulse were measured. Some feedbacks (chat conversation, answers to the questions and biofeedback) were visible to the participants during the presentation. We wanted to know whether it had an impact on emotions, inter-personal attraction, physical presence and social presence. We found that feedback had a positive effect on the dependent variables.
Disciplinary Consequence Differences in Grade 6 Students as a Function of Race, Ethnicity, and Economic Status.

In this investigation, we used Texas statewide data to determine the extent to which inequities were present in the assignment of school disciplinary consequences. Specifically examined were the assignment of in-school suspension, out-of-school suspension, and disciplinary alternative education program placement to grade 6 Black, Hispanic, and White students by their economic status in Texas public schools. Inferential analyses yielded statistically significant differences for each disciplinary consequence within each ethnic/racial group. Students who were economically disadvantaged received statistically significantly more instances of each disciplinary consequence than their same ethnic/racial peers who were not economically disadvantaged. Of note was the very high numbers of grade 6 students who were assigned these disciplinary consequences. A clear lack of equity was demonstrated in the assignment of disciplinary consequences to grade 6 Black, Hispanic, and White students by their economic status. As such, school administrators and educational leaders are urged to evaluate their own discipline programs to ascertain the degree to which they have equity in the assignment of disciplinary consequences in the students they serve.
The Importance of Second-Hand Knowledge in the Revised Uppsala Model: Can European Textiles Producers Export to China?

ABSTRACT The authors studied how knowledge derived from firms’ relationships—the so-called second-hand knowledge—is likely to influence their internationalization process. In this article, they examine how a European producer of textiles is able to sell worldwide, including to China, a highly competitive player in this industry. This article discusses models of firms’ networks and the extent to which such networks generate important knowledge that can explain internationalization behavior—how it is able to influence the selection of foreign markets and the entry mode used. The authors use the revised version of the Uppsala model of internationalization, which emphasizes the roles of trust-building, knowledge, and creation of opportunities within relationships.
Enhancing Human Detection using Optical-Flow

Optical flow can be used to segment a moving object from its backgrounds and track it. In this paper, Enhanced Lucas-Kanade optical flow technique used to improve Human Detector in terms of speed and accuracy. We combine the object segmentation output with a human detector using optical flow algorithm. The proposed technique uses the optical flow to get area of interest to do object segmentation and use those results as an input for human detector. This technique has been developed with a view to be used in surveillance systems. Experiments show that the proposed method decreased the time by 37% and increased the accuracy by 118% when compare with standard Felzenszwalb detector.
Perioperative Strategies to Improve Sinus Surgery Outcomes in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Objectives Review the literature for intraoperative techniques and postoperative practices after functional endoscopy sinus surgery (FESS) that may improve outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Data Sources PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Review Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed. Articles from 1990 to 2012 were searched using the terms sinus surgery and cystic fibrosis with studies limited to the English language and human subjects. Abstracts were reviewed to identify relevant original manuscripts. Bibliographies of relevant articles were examined to identify additional manuscripts. Results The initial PubMed search identified 169 articles. One additional article was identified through the Cochrane Library. After reviewing the abstracts, 41 selected studies were examined in further detail, and 22 articles were ultimately selected for suitability for this review. The bibliographies of these articles were reviewed and no additional articles were identified. Perioperative strategies included postoperative medical therapies, intraoperative techniques and image guidance, intranasal corticosteroid injection, dornase alfa, gene therapy, and second-look procedures. Most studies were limited to case series with relatively small numbers of patients. Very few randomized controlled studies were identified. Conclusion Despite the prevalence of recurrent sinonasal disease after FESS in patients with CF, evidence for definitive perioperative management in this population is lacking. Most recommendations are based on small case series. Multicenter studies to evaluate perioperative strategies that improve FESS outcomes in patients with CF are warranted.
Efficient maintenance support in offshore software development: a case study on a global e-commerce project

Software maintenance is a very important phase in software development. It generally occupies the most of development life cycle in order to ensure software quality. This paper takes an e-commerce project as an example to study how to efficiently provide software maintenance support in offshore software development for a global deployed software product. Through interviews and a survey to the project developers, authors summarize the good methods and approaches used in its maintenance that greatly helped its success. Meanwhile, the authors also study lessons that influenced its efficient maintenance (e.g. extra workload caused by performance tuning, troubles due to sharp time-difference, problemreproducing difficulty caused by testing environment difference and slow code transfer). Suggestions for further improvement are also proposed based on real experiences in order to benefit similar software development in the future.
Supplementary Materials : Dropout as a Structured Shrinkage Prior

Huang et al. (2016) proposed stochastic depth resnets by applying dropout to the resnet block, i.e. al = λlFl(hl−1) + hl−1 where F (·) denotes a whole resnet block and λl is a Bernoulli random variable. For simplicity, if we assume the resnet block consists of just one non-linear transformation, then applying Bernoulli ADD in MN form to the resnet architecture yields a similar expression, as seen in Equation 1. The only difference is that the Bernoulli variable is within fl for ADD whereas it is outside the block for stochastic depth. However, if we assume fl is the ReLU function, then the activation is scale equivariant. If the noise’s support is non-negative, then it is equivalent to move the noise variable outside the activation: ReLU(τlhl−1Wl) + hl−1 = τlReLU(hl−1Wl) + hl−1 for τ ≥ 0. Thus, we can derive the previously proposed stochastic depth regularization as a special case of our ADD framework.
Incorporation of GP 64 into Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus enhances virus infectivity in vivo and in vitro

The envelope fusion proteins of baculoviruses, glycoprotein GP64 from group I nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) or the F protein from group II NPV and granulovirus, are essential for baculovirus morphogenesis and infectivity. The F protein is considered the ancestral baculovirus envelope fusion protein, while GP64 is a more recent evolutionary introduction into baculoviruses and exhibits higher fusogenic activity than the F protein. Each of the fusion proteins is required by the respective virus to spread infection within larval tissues. A recombinant Helicoverpa armigera NPV (HearNPV) expressing GP64 from Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus, vHaBac-gp64-egfp, was constructed, which still retained the native F protein, and its infectivity was assayed in vivo and in vitro. Analyses by one-step growth curve to determine viral titre and by quantitative PCR to determine viral DNA copy number showed that vHaBac-gp64-egfp was more infectious in vitro than the control, vHaBac-egfp. The polyhedrin gene (polh) was reintroduced into the recombinant viruses and bioassays showed that vHaBac-gp64-polh accelerated the mortality of infected larvae compared with the vHaBac-egfp-polh control, and the LC50 (median lethal concentration) of vHaBac-gp64-polh was reduced to approximately 20 % of that of vHaBac-egfppolh. Therefore, incorporation of GP64 into HearNPV budded virions improved virus infectivity both in vivo and in vitro. The construction of this bivalent virus with a more efficient fusion protein could improve the use of baculoviruses in different areas such as gene therapy and biocontrol.
Attentive ConvLSTM Learned Priors ( x 2 ) μ , σμ , σμ , σ Dilated Convolutional Network Input Image Saliency

Data-driven saliency has recently gained a lot of attention thanks to the use of Convolutional Neural Networks for predicting gaze fixations. In this paper we go beyond standard approaches to saliency prediction, in which gaze maps are computed with a feed-forward network, and present a novel model which can predict accurate saliency maps by incorporating neural attentive mechanisms. The core of our solution is a Convolutional LSTM that focuses on the most salient regions of the input image to iteratively refine the predicted saliency map. Additionally, to tackle the center bias typical of human eye fixations, our model can learn a set of prior maps generated with Gaussian functions. We show, through an extensive evaluation, that the proposed architecture outperforms the current state of the art on public saliency prediction datasets. We further study the contribution of each key component to demonstrate their robustness on different scenarios.
Title : Pathways to bridge the biophysical realism 1 gap in ecosystem services mapping approaches 2 3

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Pathways to bridge the biophysical realism gap in ecosystem services mapping approaches Sandra Lavorel, Anita Bayer, Alberte Bondeau, Sven Lautenbach, Ana Ruiz-Frau, Nynke Schulp, Ralf Seppelt, Peter Verburg, Astrid Teeffelen, Clemence Vannier, et al.
Breaking trend panel unit root tests

This paper proposes Lagrange Multiplier based panel unit root tests allowing for structural breaks through simple extensions of existing group mean and combination tests. The proposed tests are more general than those previously suggested. They consider potential breaks in the intercept, in the slope, and both. A desirable property of the tests is their flexibility to accommodate heterogeneous break types across cross-sections in a panel. Response surfaces to approximate finite sample distributions of the underlying test statistics required to implement the panel tests are provided. The tests are analyzed for the case when the break dates are known and for the case when they are endogenously determined. A bootstrap test is further suggested to deal with cross-sectional dependency. The proposed tests are applied to two major macroeconomic variables, per capital gross domestic product and consumer prices of OECD countries. JEL classification: C12, C15, C23
A Dynamic Language Model for Speech Recognition

In the case of a trigram language model, the probability of the next word conditioned on the previous two words is estimated from a large corpus of text. The resulting static trigram language model (STLM) has fixed probabilities that are independent of the document being dictated. To improve the language model (LM), one can adapt the probabilities of the trigram language model to match the current document more closely. The partially dictated document provides significant clues about what words are more likely to be used next. Of many methods that can be used to adapt the LM, we describe in this paper a simple model based on the trigram frequencies estimated from the partially dictated document. We call this model a cache trigram language model (CTLM) since we are caching the recent history of words. We have found that the CTLM reduces the perplexity of a dictated document by 23%. The error rate of a 20,000-word isolated word recognizer decreases by about 5% at the beginning of a document and by about 24% after a few hundred words.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Vagococcus lutrae Strain LBD1, Isolated from the Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides

ABSTRACT Vagococci are usually isolated from marine hosts and occasionally from endodontic infections. Using 16S rRNA gene comparison, the closest relatives are members of the genera Enterococcus and Carnobacterium. A draft sequence of Vagococcus lutrae was generated to clarify the relationship of Vagococcus to these and other related low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria.
THEMATIC PROGRESSION OF THAI

This paper reports on an investigation of Thai Song Dam folktales which is a linguistic part of Textual data management of Thai Song Dam Ethnic Group. It draws on Systemic Functional Linguistics to investigate the discourse structure of ten Thai Song Dam folktales. The paper explores thematic progression patterns in Thai Song Dam folktales spoken in Thailand. The thematic progression is associated with the method of text development which is based on the typical thematic selection realized by unmarked and marked topical Themes (cf. Fries, 1981/1983, 1995a, 1995b). In this current study, patterns of thematic progression are explored as a way of revealing the textual organization of the folktales and the local progression achieved by the thematic selection of successive clauses (cf. Danes (1974)). The data for this study were drawn from ten Thai Song Dam folktales. They were taken from secondary sources (e.g., folklore researches’ appendices, Thai Song Dan folktale collections). Based on Danes ’s notion of thematic progression, patterns of Theme selection were explored. The study revealed that the most frequent pattern of thematic progression selected in the ten folktales was the continuous or constant Theme expressed by unmarked topical Themes. Both ellipsed and non-ellipsed unmarked topical Themes were selected and repeated as the point of departure of each clause. The second most frequent pattern is linear Theme pattern. The study also revealed that the primary methods of folktale development are those of temporal and spatial organizations.
Title Visual Saliency Detection Based on Multiscale Deep CNNFeatures

Visual saliency is a fundamental problem in both cognitive and computational sciences, including computer vision. In this paper, we discover that a high-quality visual saliency model can be learned from multiscale features extracted using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which have had many successes in visual recognition tasks. For learning such saliency models, we introduce a neural network architecture, which has fully connected layers on top of CNNs responsible for feature extraction at three different scales. The penultimate layer of our neural network has been confirmed to be a discriminative high-level feature vector for saliency detection, which we call deep contrast feature. To generate a more robust feature, we integrate handcrafted low-level features with our deep contrast feature. To promote further research and evaluation of visual saliency models, we also construct a new large database of 4447 challenging images and their pixelwise saliency annotations. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method is capable of achieving state-of-the-art performance on all public benchmarks, improving the F-measure by 6.12% and 10.0% respectively on the DUT-OMRON dataset and our new dataset (HKU-IS), and lowering the mean absolute error by 9% and 35.3% respectively on these two datasets.
Haemophilus influenzae Type b Strain A2 Has Multiple Sialyltransferases Involved in Lipooligosaccharide Sialylation*

The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) ofHaemophilus influenzae contains sialylated glycoforms, and a sialyltransferase, Lic3A, has been previously identified. We report evidence for two additional sialyltransferases, SiaA, and LsgB, that affect N-acetyllactosamine containing glycoforms. Mutations in genes we have designated siaA and lsgBaffected only the sialylated glycoforms containingN-acetylhexosamine. A mutation in siaA resulted in the loss of glycoforms terminating in sialyl-N-acetylhexosamine and the appearance of higher molecular weight glycoforms, containing the addition of phosphoethanolamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, andN-acetylneuraminic acid. Chromosomal complementation of thesiaA mutant resulted in the expression of the original sialylated LOS phenotype. A mutation in lic3A resulted in the loss of sialylation only in glycoforms lackingN-acetylhexosamine and had no effect on sialylation of the terminal N-acetyllactosamine epitope. A double mutant insiaA and lic3A resulted in the complete loss of sialylation of the terminal N-acetyllactosamine epitope and expression of the higher molecular weight sialylated glycoforms seen in thesiaA mutant. Mutation of lsgB resulted in persistence of sialylated glycoforms but a reduction inN-acetyllactosamine containing glycoforms. A triple mutant of siaA, lic3A, and lsgB contained no sialylated glycoforms. These results demonstrate that the sialylation of the LOS of H. influenzae is a complex process involving multiple sialyltransferases.
Relationship of smoking and/or passive exposure to tobacco smoke on the association between serum thyrotropin and body mass index in large groups of adolescents and children.

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism may be a risk factor for obesity, because metabolic rates tend to be decreased in this disorder. Currently, it is under debate whether smoking may modify the association between hypothyroidism and obesity. Against this background, the aims of our study were to investigate whether there is an association between serum thyrotropin (TSH) and body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents and whether smoking mediates this association. METHODS Data from 6435 children (ages 3-10) and 5918 adolescents (ages 11-17) from the "The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents" (KiGGS) were analyzed. Smoking status was classified into two categories: smokers and nonsmokers. A subject was classified as being exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) if someone in the parental home smoked more than 1 day a week. Serum TSH levels were measured with an ELISA method. Serum TSH levels were associated with BMI and obesity by multivariable linear regression stratified by smoking status and exposure to ETS. RESULTS In adolescents, there was an association between serum TSH levels and BMI, and it was stronger in smokers (β=0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI 0.38-0.85]) than in nonsmokers (β=0.18 [CI 0.09-0.28]). Likewise, it was stronger in adolescents exposed to ETS and adolescents not exposed to ETS. In children, who were either exposed or not exposed to ETS, there was an association between serum TSH levels and BMI. In them, however, the strength of this association was similar in those exposed and those not exposed to ETS. CONCLUSIONS Active and passive smoking may mediate the association between thyroid function and BMI in adolescents. In smoking adolescents, hypothyroidism may lead to an increase of the BMI, whereas this is not the case in nonsmoking adolescents.
Yeast Kre 33 and human NAT 10 are conserved 18 S rRNA cytosine acetyltransferases that modify tRNAs assisted by the adaptor Tan 1 / THUMPD 1

The function of RNA is subtly modulated by posttranscriptional modifications. Here, we report an important crosstalk in the covalent modification of two classes of RNAs. We demonstrate that yeast Kre33 and human NAT10 are RNA cytosine acetyltransferases with, surprisingly, specificity toward both 18S rRNA and tRNAs. tRNA acetylation requires the intervention of a specific and conserved adaptor: yeast Tan1/human THUMPD1. In budding and fission yeasts, and in human cells, we found two acetylated cytosines on 18S rRNA, one in helix 34 important for translation accuracy and another in helix 45 near the decoding site. Efficient 18S rRNA acetylation in helix 45 involves, in human cells, the vertebrate-specific box C/D snoRNA U13, which, we suggest, exposes the substrate cytosine to modification through Watson–Crick base pairing with 18S rRNA precursors during small subunit biogenesis. Finally, while Kre33 and NAT10 are essential for prerRNA processing reactions leading to 18S rRNA synthesis, we demonstrate that rRNA acetylation is dispensable to yeast cells growth. The inactivation of NAT10 was suggested to suppress nuclear morphological defects observed in laminopathic patient cells through loss of microtubules modification and cytoskeleton reorganization. We rather propose the effects of NAT10 on laminopathic cells are due to reduced ribosome biogenesis or function.