Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Hidden Side of Dynamic Pricing: Evidence from the Airline Market

It is standard practice for carriers to set fares by choosing, at each point in time, a distribution consisting of a possibly different fare for each seat on an aircraft. A model describes how fare distributions are shaped and evolve over time, thus unveiling some hidden dynamic pricing strategies. Empirical analysis supports two main theoretical predictions. First, fare distributions are increasing over the seats' order of sale. Second, fare distributions move downward over time to reflect the perishable nature of seats; such a shift is contrasted by the presence of high willingness-to-pay consumers in the late booking periods.
Trust models for sensor networks

The range of applications of wireless sensor networks is so wide that it tends to invade our every-day life. In the future, a sensor network will surveil our health, our home, the roads we follow, the office or the industry we work in, or even the aircrafts we use, in an attempt to enhance our safety. However, the wireless sensor networks themselves are prone to security attacks. The list of security attack is already very long and will impede the deployment of these solutions, if not efficiently addressed. In this paper, we focus on the security threats against routing, which is a basic networking service, required for any sensor network communication. Preventing the integrity and data freshness of the exchanged packets is a requirement but is not enough to secure the routing procedure. It is required to set-up a trust management scheme which allows the nodes to select trusted paths rather than secure routes in the network by observing the sincerity in participation by other nodes. A trust management system can be useful for detecting a node which is not behaving as expected (either faulty or maliciously). Current trends in trusted routing for ad-hoc networks are reviewed, followed by comments on their applicability in sensor network and guidelines for trust model design for new sensor applications.
Randomized phase III trial of temsirolimus versus sorafenib as second-line therapy after sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

PURPOSE This international phase III trial (Investigating Torisel As Second-Line Therapy [INTORSECT]) compared the efficacy of temsirolimus (mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor) and sorafenib (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR] tyrosine kinase inhibitor) as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) after disease progression on sunitinib. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 512 patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive intravenous temsirolimus 25 mg once weekly (n = 259) or oral sorafenib 400 mg twice per day (n = 253), with stratification according to duration of prior sunitinib therapy (≤ or > 180 days), prognostic risk, histology (clear cell or non-clear cell), and nephrectomy status. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) by independent review committee assessment. Safety, objective response rate (ORR), and overall survival (OS) were secondary end points. RESULTS Primary analysis revealed no significant difference between treatment arms for PFS (stratified hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% CI, 0.71 to 1.07; two-sided P = .19) or ORR. Median PFS in the temsirolimus and sorafenib arms were 4.3 and 3.9 months, respectively. There was a significant OS difference in favor of sorafenib (stratified HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.63; two-sided P = .01). Median OS in the temsirolimus and sorafenib arms was 12.3 and 16.6 months, respectively. Safety profiles of both agents were consistent with previous studies. CONCLUSION In patients with mRCC and progression on sunitinib, second-line temsirolimus did not demonstrate a PFS advantage compared with sorafenib. The longer OS observed with sorafenib suggests sequenced VEGFR inhibition may benefit patients with mRCC.
Broad Clinical Phenotype and Facets of Emotion Regulation in Interpersonal Trauma Survivors.

OBJECTIVES This study examines broad-based psychopathology in a community sample of female survivors of interpersonal trauma. The extent to which facets of emotion regulation predict symptom presentation among this population is examined. METHOD Hierarchical cluster analysis examining symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, somatization, and alcohol abuse was used to identify symptom clusters in an ethnically diverse sample (N = 205). RESULTS Approximately 17% of the sample fell into a severe symptom group characterized by clinical levels of distress across all four disorders. The largest group (46%) was marked by subclinical distress across all four disorders, while the final group (37%) reported subclinical distress, but with a relative absence of alcohol abuse. Of the 6 emotion regulation subscales from the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), 2 consistently predicted group membership: nonacceptance and impulsivity. CONCLUSIONS Cluster analyses revealed symptom clusters that may vary in their appropriateness for current posttrauma interventions. Implications for research and clinical practice are discussed.
Brownian motion of polyphosphate complexes in yeast vacuoles: characterization by fluorescence microscopy with image analysis

In the vacuoles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells, vividly moving insoluble polyphosphate complexes (IPCs) <1 µm size, stainable by a fluorescent dye, 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI), may appear under some growth conditions. The aim of this study was to quantitatively characterize the movement of the IPCs and to evaluate the viscosity in the vacuoles using the obtained data. Studies were conducted on S. cerevisiae cells stained by DAPI and fluorescein isothyocyanate‐labelled latex microspheres, using fluorescence microscopy combined with computer image analysis (ImageJ software, NIH, USA). IPC movement was photorecorded and shown to be Brownian motion. On latex microspheres, a methodology was developed for measuring a fluorescing particle's two‐dimensional (2D) displacements and its size. In four yeast cells, the 2D displacements and sizes of the IPCs were evaluated. Apparent viscosity values in the vacuoles of the cells, computed by the Einstein–Smoluchowski equation using the obtained data, were found to be 2.16 ± 0.60, 2.52 ± 0.63, 3.32 ± 0.9 and 11.3 ± 1.7 cP. The first three viscosity values correspond to 30–40% glycerol solutions. The viscosity value of 11.3 ± 1.7 cP was supposed to be an overestimation, caused by the peculiarities of the vacuole structure and/or volume in this particular cell. This conclusion was supported by the particular quality of the Brownian motion trajectories set in this cell as compared to the other three cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Family-centered prevention ameliorates the longitudinal association between risky family processes and epigenetic aging.

BACKGROUND Research has suggested that 'risky' family processes have unforeseen negative consequences for health later in life. The purpose of this study was to further understanding of risky family environments and development of health vulnerabilities by (a) examining the likelihood that elevated levels of parental depressive symptoms when children are age 11 forecast accelerated epigenetic aging 9 years later at age 20; (b) determining whether participation in an efficacious family-centered prevention program focused on enhancing supportive parenting and strengthening family relationships will ameliorate this association; and (c) testing a moderation-mediation hypothesis that prevention-induced reductions in harsh parenting across adolescence will account for prevention effects in reducing accelerated epigenetic aging. METHODS In the rural southeastern United States, parents and 11-year-old children from 399 families participated in the Strong African American Families (SAAF) program or a control condition. Parents reported their own depressive symptoms when their children were 11, and both youths and parents reported youth exposure to harsh parenting at ages 11 and 16. Blood was drawn from youths at age 20 to measure accelerated epigenetic aging using a marker derived from the DNA methylation of cells. RESULTS Elevated parental depressive symptoms forecast accelerated epigenetic aging among youths in the control condition, but not among SAAF participants. Moderated-mediation analyses confirmed that reductions in harsh parenting accounted for SAAF's protective effects on epigenetic aging. Subsequent exploratory analyses indicated that accelerated epigenetic aging forecast emotional distress among young adults in the control condition but not among those who participated in SAAF. CONCLUSIONS This study is unique in using a randomized prevention trial to test hypotheses about the ways risky family processes contribute to accelerated epigenetic aging. The results suggest that developmentally appropriate family-centered interventions designed to enhance parenting and strengthen families can buffer the biological residue of life in a risky family.
Double node charge sharing SEU tolerant latch design

Single event upsets (SEUs) that affect adjacent nodes in a design, by charge sharing mechanisms among these nodes, are a great concern in nanometer SRAMs, since pairs of cells are influenced. The concern is also extended to SEU related soft error tolerant latch designs, where multiple memory elements are exploited. In this work, we deal with double node charge sharing SEUs (DNCS-SEUs) that affect latch operation and we propose a new latch topology that it is capable to provide soft error tolerance under these new circumstances where single nodes or pairs of nodes are influenced by an SEU. Simulation results validate the efficiency of the new design.
An Efficient Architecture for Detection of Layered Space-Time Block Codes Based on QR Decomposition

A new architecture for detection of linear dispersion space-time codes (LDSTBC) over Rayleigh fading channels is presented. The LDSTBC scheme consists of one Alamouti space-time block code unit, plus two more antennas operating as two layers of V-BLAST in the transmitter. The LDSTBC receiver can operate with three or more antennas simultaneously. The proposed receiver is based on an ordered successive interference cancellation (OSIC) scheme and the QR decomposition, which leads to a suitable hardware implementation. It was designed for the zero-forcing (ZF) criterion; reduced complexity is achieved by means of an adequate rearrangement of the channel matrix elements. The detection scheme proposed is evaluated and compared with other similar reported proposals, assuming a channel without spatial correlation.
Bacillus subtilis FlhA: a flagellar protein related to a new family of signal‐transducing receptors

The Bacillus subtilis flhA gene lies in the major che/fla operon, a transcription unit that spans 26 kilobases (kb) of DNA. flhA encodes a 677‐amino‐acid polypeptide that is a strong candidate for an integral membrane protein. The sequence of FlhA displays substantial homology to a newly identified family of putative signal‐transducing receptors that have been implicated in diverse cellular processes. FlhA is the first member of this family to be described from a Gram‐positive bacterium. We demonstrate that flhA is a flagellar gene and that FlhA is required in trans for the formation of products from some, but not all, B. subtilis motility‐related operons that are regulated by the αD form of RNA polymerase. We suggest that FlhA is a component of a signalling system that is involved with the formation of some flagellar gene products during the biosynthesis of the flagellum.
Organizational Culture Types that Academicians Associate with Their Institutions

This study, considering the sample of a university located in central Anatolia region, Turkey, aims to identify culture types that the academicians perceive in relevant with their institutions according to the 4 types of cultures (Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy, and Market) given in the Competing Values Framework by Cameron and Quinn. The study includes 205 academicians from different faculties and vocational schools as participants. The data was obtained from the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) that has been prepared particularly for the research group. Analyzes of the data obtained in the study were carried out with statistical package programs as IBM SPSS Statistics 23 and Interactive Lisrel SSI 8.72. The demographic features of the academicians were determined with percentage and frequency analyzes and the mean and standard deviation statistics were used in determining the perception levels of organizational culture types which academicians associate with their universities. For the analysis of the differentiation of culture-type perception levels according to the demographic characteristics of the academicians, t-test, one-way ANOVA test, and post-hoc tests were performed. According to the findings obtained in the research, the most common type of organizational culture that academicians associate with their institution is the hierarchy culture that is presented in Competing Values Framework Model. There is no significant difference between participants' demographic features and their culture perceptions. According to the result of the research, rules, stability, predictability, and sustainable politics are at the forefront of the university. Employees are supervised by managers who tend to be good coordinators.
Evaluation of the Frequency of Ophthalmic Solution Application: Washout Effects of Topical Saline Application on Tear Components

Abstract Purpose: To determine and compare the effects of single and frequent topical applications of saline solution on tear protein concentration in clinically normal subjects. Materials and methods: Tears were collected from both eyes of 11 normal volunteers using Schirmer’s strips. Saline solution (0.9% sodium chloride) was applied once in the right eye and five times with an interval of 1 min each in the left eye. Tears were collected before and 5, 15, 30 and 60 min after application of the solution. Total tear protein concentration in the samples was measured by the Bradford method and major tear protein concentration (secretory immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lipocalin-1, lysozyme and sialic acid) was measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography assay. Results: A significant decrease was observed in the concentration of total tear protein, major tear proteins and sialic acid after topical application of saline solution. This decrease was attributed to the washout and dilution effect. A low protein concentration persisted longer with more frequent application of the solution. The concentration of secretory immunoglobulin A and sialic acid concentration recovered slowly compared with that of other proteins. Conclusions: Even a single application of saline solution resulted in significant changes in major tear protein and sialic acid concentration in the tears of normal subjects. Differences in the recovery of tear protein concentration may be related to the process of protein production and secretion. A balance between normal tear function and the therapeutic effects of ophthalmic solutions should be considered when deciding the frequency of application, particularly in patients with dry eye.
Using three-dimensional digital models to establish alveolar morphotype.

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to propose a classification of alveolar morphotype and assess a relationship between extraction/non-extraction orthodontic treatment and changes to the alveolar process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-five subjects (mean age = 23.2, SD = 5.1) were selected. Areas of the sections of the alveolar process (ASAP) at three different levels (0, 2, and 4 mm) were measured on pre- and post-treatment three-dimensional digital models. Method reliability was analysed using Dahlberg's formula, intraclass correlation coefficient, and paired t-tests. RESULTS The mean ASAP was smallest at level 0 and largest at level 4. Pre-treatment ASAP < 773 mm2, < 863.9 mm2, and < 881.1 mm2 at levels 0, 2, and 4 mm, respectively, should be described as a "thin" alveolar morphotype. Regression models showed that pre-treatment ASAP was a predictor of the change of the alveolus during treatment only at level 2. CONCLUSIONS Patients for whom pre-treatment ASAP is < 773 mm2, < 863.9 mm2, and < 881.1 mm2 at levels 0, 2, and 4 mm, respectively, should be described as having a "thin" alveolar morphotype. In these patients, extraction treatment, associated with a decrease in the alveolus area, should be exercised with caution.
A Self-Regulated Interval Type-2 Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Handling Nonstationarities in EEG Signals for BCI

This paper addresses the key problems of nonstationarity and influence of artifacts in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer-interface (BCI) systems. The nonstationary nature of EEG data arises due to the physiological/instrumental differences in intra/intersession of the data generation process. This paper proposes a robust common spatial pattern feature extraction algorithm (RoCSP) to overcome the effects of artifacts and a self-regulated interval type-2 neuro-fuzzy inference system (SRIT2NFIS) to handle this inherent nonstationarity. Combined together, this approach is referred to as RoCSP-SRIT2NFIS. The RoCSP algorithm provides better features than the CSP algorithm by excluding those trials that are affected by the artifacts. SRIT2NFIS uses the features generated by the RoCSP algorithm as input and handles the nonstationarity as an uncertainty using the interval type-2 fuzzy sets in the antecedent of fuzzy rules. A self-regulatory learning mechanism is used to evolve the structure automatically and learn the parameters of the network. A regularized projection-based learning algorithm and a modified rule addition criterion are also proposed to improve the generalization performance of SRIT2NFIS. Using benchmark datasets, performance evaluation has been carried out, and the results indicate that, compared with other existing algorithms, RoCSP-SRIT2NFIS produces higher classification accuracy of 3-5% in simple tasks like left-right classification and 6-8% in complex tasks like foot-tongue classification. In addition, a statistical analysis of the performance results indicates that RoCSP-SRIT2NFIS performs better and is more suitable for an efficient BCI.
Expression pattern of drought stress marker genes in soybean roots under two water deficit systems

The study of tolerance mechanisms for drought stress in soybean is fundamental to the understanding and development of tolerant varieties. Using in silico analysis, four marker genes involved in the classical ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways of drought response were identified in the Glycine max genome in the present work. The expression profiles of the marker genes ERD1-like, GmaxRD20A-like, GmaxRD22-like and GmaxRD29B-like were investigated by qPCR in root samples of drought sensitive and tolerant soybean cultivars (BR 16 and Embrapa 48, respectively), submitted to water deficit conditions in hydroponic and pot-based systems. Among the four putative soybean homologs to Arabidopsis genes investigated herein, only GmaxRD29B-like was not regulated by water deficit stress. Distinct expression profiles and different induction levels were observed among the genes, as well as between the two drought-inducing systems. Our results showed contrasting gene expression responses for the GmaxRD20A-like and GmaxRD22-like genes. GmaxRD20A-like was highly induced by continuous drought acclimating conditions, whereas GmaxRD22-like responses decreased after abrupt water deprivation. GmaxERD1-like showed a different expression profile for the cultivars in each system. Conversely, GmaxRD20A-like and GmaxRD22-like genes exhibited similar expression levels in tolerant plants in both systems.
Trp64Arg polymorphism in ADRB3 gene is associated with elite endurance performance

In this study, allele and genotype frequencies of the ADRB1 Arg389Gly (rs1801253), ADRB2 Gly16Arg (rs1042713) and Gln27Glu (rs1042714), and ADRB3 Trp64Arg (rs4994) variations were compared in the following three groups of Spanish (Caucasian) men: (1) world-class endurance athletes (E; runners and cyclists, n=100), (2) elite power athletes (P; sprinters, jumpers and throwers, n=53) and (3) non-athletic controls (C; n=100). No significant differences were observed in genotype and allele distributions among the study groups except for the ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism in E versus C (27% vs 8% of carriers of the Arg allele in E and C, p<0.001; frequency of the minor Arg (C) allele of 14% vs 4% in E and C, p=0.001). Heterozygosity for the ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism seems to be associated with elite endurance performance, while other variants of the β-adrenergic receptors' genes do not seem to significantly influence top-level sports performance, at least in athletes of Spanish origin.
Innate Ideas Revisited: For a Principle of Persistence in Infants' Physical Reasoning

The notion of innate ideas has long been the subject of intense debate in the fields of philosophy and cognitive science. Over the past few decades, methodological advances have made it possible for developmental researchers to begin to examine what innate ideas—what innate concepts and principles—might contribute to infants ' knowledge acquisition in various core domains. This article focuses on the domain of physical reasoning and on Spelke's (1988, 1994) proposal that principles of continuity and cohesion guide infants' interpretation of physical events. The article reviews recent evidence that these two principles are in fact corollaries of a single and more powerful principle of persistence, which states that objects persist, as they are, in time and space.
Secondary paracentral retinal holes following internal limiting membrane removal

Aim: To report on a new postoperative finding after delamination of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) for the treatment of different macular pathologies. Methods: Seven patients are described with paracentral retinal holes, all located temporally to the macula, which developed after pars plana vitrectomy and uncomplicated ILM removal for cystoid macular oedema (n = 3), macular pucker (n = 3), and macular hole (n = 1) with the use of indocyanine green (n = 4), trypan blue (n = 1), triamcinolone acetonide (n = 1), or without dye (n = 1). Conclusion: The use of dyes has been incriminated in causing iatrogenic damage to the retina. In this series, the new observation of retinal holes in the macular area is thought to be related to the removal of the ILM itself. The authors speculate that ILM delamination may cause a retinal weakening by Müller cell damage; this may be followed by a structural breakdown and, consequently, hole formation.