Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synergistic interactions with PI3K inhibition that induce apoptosis

Activating mutations involving the PI3K pathway occur frequently in human cancers. However, PI3K inhibitors primarily induce cell cycle arrest, leaving a significant reservoir of tumor cells that may acquire or exhibit resistance. We searched for genes that are required for the survival of PI3K mutant cancer cells in the presence of PI3K inhibition by conducting a genome scale shRNA-based apoptosis screen in a PIK3CA mutant human breast cancer cell. We identified 5 genes (PIM2, ZAK, TACC1, ZFR, ZNF565) whose suppression induced cell death upon PI3K inhibition. We showed that small molecule inhibitors of the PIM2 and ZAK kinases synergize with PI3K inhibition. In addition, using a microscale implementable device to deliver either siRNAs or small molecule inhibitors in vivo, we showed that suppressing these 5 genes with PI3K inhibition induced tumor regression. These observations identify targets whose inhibition synergizes with PI3K inhibitors and nominate potential combination therapies involving PI3K inhibition. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.24523. 001
Non-Linear analysis of the main atrial wave to estimate organization in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

The analysis of spontaneous Atrial Fibrillation (paroxysmal AF) termination or maintenance could avoid unnecessary therapy and contribute to take the appropriate decisions on its management. The aim of this work is to study if an AF episode terminates spontaneously or not by analyzing the increase of atrial activity (AA) organization prior to AF termination. The organization varies as a consequence of the decrease in the number of reentries into the atrial tissue. The analysis was carried out noninvasively through the use of surface electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings. Sample entropy (SampEn) was selected as non-linear organization index. It was observed that noise and ventricular residues degrade AA organization estimation performance, therefore the use of selective filtering to get the main atrial wave (MAW) was necessary. Using the MAW organization analysis, that is the signal produced by the fundamental atrial waveform, 46 out of 50 of the terminating and non-terminating analyzed AF episodes were correctly classified (92%). Therefore, this method can provide a clear benefit for patients, doctors and health systems, since it avoids useless therapeutic intervention and minimises the risks for the patients.
OPAvion: mining and visualization in large graphs

Given a large graph with millions or billions of nodes and edges, like a who-follows-whom Twitter graph, how do we scalably compute its statistics, summarize its patterns, spot anomalies, visualize and make sense of it? We present OPAvion, a graph mining system that provides a scalable, interactive workflow to accomplish these analysis tasks. OPAvion consists of three modules: (1) The Summarization module (Pegasus) operates off-line on massive, disk-resident graphs and computes graph statistics, like PageRank scores, connected components, degree distribution, triangles, etc.; (2) The Anomaly Detection module (OddBall) uses graph statistics to mine patterns and spot anomalies, such as nodes with many contacts but few interactions with them (possibly telemarketers); (3) The Interactive Visualization module (Apolo) lets users incrementally explore the graph, starting with their chosen nodes or the flagged anomalous nodes; then users can expand to the nodes' vicinities, label them into categories, and thus interactively navigate the interesting parts of the graph. In our demonstration, we invite our audience to interact with OPAvion and try out its core capabilities on the Stack Overflow Q&A graph that describes over 6 million questions and answers among 650K users.
Current Progress in Gene Delivery Technology Based on Chemical Methods and Nano-carriers

Gene transfer methods are promising in the field of gene therapy. Current methods for gene transfer include three major groups: viral, physical and chemical methods. This review mainly summarizes development of several types of chemical methods for gene transfer in vitro and in vivo by means of nano-carriers like; calcium phosphates, lipids, and cationic polymers including chitosan, polyethylenimine, polyamidoamine dendrimers, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide). This review also briefly introduces applications of these chemical methods for gene delivery.
Synthesis and characterization of vertical and horizontal nanowires for functional device fabrication

Nanotechnology is a design, synthesis and implementation of nanostructures or nanomaterials. It paves a way for fundamental understanding of materials’ dimension and their corresponding physical properties for a desired application. Synthesis and processing of nanostructures are the essential aspects of nanotechnology. Studies on their new physical properties and applications are possible only when nanostructured materials are made available with desired size, morphology, microstructure and chemical composition. In general, there are two philosophically distinct approaches for creating small objects: top-down and bottom-up. In the top-down approach, small features are patterned in bulk materials by a combination of lithography, etching and deposition to form functional devices and their integrated systems. The top-down approach has been exceedingly successful in many venues, with perhaps, microelectronics being the best example today. While developments continue to push the resolution limits of the top-down approach, these improvements in resolution are associated with a near exponential increase in cost associated with each new level of manufacturing facility. Whereas, in the bottom-up approach the functional structures are assembled from well defined chemically and/or physically synthesized nanoscale building blocks. The optimization of this bottom-up approach for nanotechnology requires a focus on two key areas that are at the heart of devices and integration processes. First of all, the bottom-up approach necessitates nanoscale building blocks with precisely controlled and tunable chemical composition, structure, size and morphology, as these characteristics determine their corresponding physical properties. To meet this goal, it requires developing methods that enable rational design and predictable synthesis of building blocks. Secondly, it is critical to explore and developthe limits of functional devices based on these building blocks. In this doctoral work, the above basic principles are taken into consideration for the selection of both vertical and horizontal nanowire fabrication techniques, the integration of the synthesized functional nanowires into device and their characterization under different conditions.
Salamander: A Push-based Distribution Substrate for Internet Applications

The Salamander distribution system is a wide-area network data dissemination substrate that has been used daily for over a year by several groupware and webcasting Internet applications. Specifically, Salamander is designed to support push-based applications and provides a variety of delivery semantics. These semantics range from basic data delivery, used by the Internet Performance Measurement and Analysis (IPMA) project, to collaborative group communication used by the Upper Atmospheric Research Collaboratory (UARC) project. The Salamander substrate is designed to accommodate the large variation in Internet connectivity and client resources through the use of application-specific plug-in modules. These modules provide a means for placing application code throughout the distribution network, thereby allowing the application to respond to network and processor resource constraints near their bottlenecks. The delivery substrate can be tailored by an application for use with a heterogeneous set of clients. For example the IPMA and UARC projects send and receive data from: Java applets and applications; Perl, C and C++ applications; and Unix and Windows 95/NT clients. This paper illustrates the architecture and design of the Salamander system driven by the needs of its set of current applications. The main architectural features described include: the data distribution mechanism, persistent data queries, negotiated push-technology, resource announcement and discovery, and support for Application-level Quality of Service policies.
Gene targeting the myf‐5 locus with nlacZ reveals expression of this myogenic factor in mature skeletal muscle fibres as well as early embryonic muscle

We have introduced the nlacZ reporter gene into the locus of the myogenic factor gene myf‐5 by homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Targeted ES clones were injected into precompaction morula, and the β‐galactosidase expression pattern was monitored. These mice permit the sensitive visualization of myf‐5 expression throughout the embryo, and provide a standard for comparing it with that seen with different myf‐5/nlacZ transgenes. Thus, in a comparison using ES cells in chiameric embryos containing the targeted or randomly integrated myf‐5/nlacZ construct, we demonstrate that 5.5 kbp of myf‐5 upstream flanking sequence including exon1 and most of intron1 directs some skeletal muscle expression, but this is neither qualitatively nor quantitatively equivalent to that of the endogenous gene. Myf‐5 is expressed early, before terminal myogenesis takes place in the medial half of the somite, and subsequently it is a major myogenic factor as skeletal muscle forms. All skeletal muscle shows β‐galactosidase activity, even after birth, indicating that myf‐5 expression is not confined to primary myotubes, which are derived from embryonic myoblasts, but is also present in muscles containing different adult fibre types. The presence of myf‐5 transcripts from the endogenous gene in older muscle was confirmed by in situ hybridization. These results suggest that the myf‐5 gene is not activated in only a subset of muscle cells and are consistent with the results on the MyoD knockout mice. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and Characterization of Au:CuO Nanocomposite by Laser Soldering on Porous Silicon for Photodetector

This work aimed to the synthesize of composite Au:CuO (NPs) by pulsed laser soldering process. The optical properties, stability, structural properties and surface morphology of Au:CuO nanocomposite were characterized by UV–VIS spectrophotometer, Zeta potential measurement, XRay Diffraction pattern and Atomic Force Microscope respectively. The band gap of Au doped CuO is about 1.95 eV. The amount of zeta potential is -54 mV, its indicating that the negatively charged of Au: CuO nanocomposite in deionized water and the colloid is good stability against aggregation. Surface morphology of Au:CuO nanocomposite show a large number of particles have diameter about 55nm. Au: CuO nanocomposite deposited on porous silicon by drop casting technique for preparation of silicon photodetector, the electrical properties prove that band gap alignment between Au: CuO nanocomposite and PS facilitates the electron transfer and further increases the photoresponsitivity and Quantum efficiency. [DOI: 10.22401/JUNS.20. 2.07]
Towards Social Event Detection and Contextualisation for Journalists

Social media platforms have become an important source of information in course of a breaking news event, such as natural calamity, political uproar, etc. News organisations and journalists are increasingly realising the value of information being propagated via social media. However, the sheer volume of the data produced on social media is overwhelming and manual inspection of this streaming data for finding, aggregation, and contextualising emerging event in a short time span is a day-to-day challenge by journalists and media organisations. It highlights the need for better tools and methods to help them utilise this user generated information for news production. This paper addresses the above problem for journalists by proposing an event detection and contextualisation framework that receives an input stream of social media data and generates the likely events in the form of clusters along with a certain context.
Conditions of drying parboiled paddy for optimum milling quality.

Parboiled paddy dried in the shade had excelle'Dt milling quality, but rapid drying with hot air (40°_80°C.) or in the sun gave high breakage. The damage started as the moisure content reached 15% and increased sharply with further drying. Milling at different time intervals after drying demonstrated further that damage to the paddy occurred gradually only subsequent to its removal from the dryer. From this it was found that keeping the paddy hot after drying (conditioning) for about 2 hr. prevented the milling breakage. Dryinr in two stages with a tempering (2 hr. if hot, 8 hr. if at room temperature) jus before attainment of the critical moisture content (at 15.5-16,5%) also pre served milling quality, Tempering at higber moisture contents was less beneficial, and multiple tempering gave no additional benefit Drying in two passes witb a tempering in the moisture range of 15 to 19%, followed by hot-conditioning after tbe final drying; was convenient in practice and satisfactory; a drying temperature up to 80~C. could be used. After parboiled paddy was dried in this way, milling breakage would not exceed 1-2%,
Detecting critical cardiac events with 12 lead ECG data

Detection of cardiac abnormalities through annotation and modeling based on 3-Lead ECG data has been reported in literature very extensively. However, we realize that analysis based on 12-Lead, dimension resolved, ECG data is vital for accurate detection of critical cardiac events such as Myocardial Infarction (MI), Ischemia, Bundle Branch Blocks, Pericarditis etc. and understanding of underlying conditions leading to it. In this work we present an approach to first annotate 12-Lead ECG data and further analyze them with the objective of classifying them broadly into normal or abnormal (MI) conditions. The algorithm that we have developed enables the representation of all 12-Lead ECG data in form of a critical feature set which are then subjected to clinically established rule set to detect cardiac abnormality. With a preliminary implementation of this methodology, the classification results seem encouraging leaving immense scope for further enhancements towards developing a robust Cardiac Decision Support System.
A brokerage system for solar data archives

Scientific research and practical applications of solar physics require data and computational services to be integrated seamlessly and efficiently. The European Grid for Solar Observations (EGSO) leverages Grid‐oriented concepts and technology to provide a high‐performance infrastructure for solar applications. In this paper, an architecture for a data brokerage service is proposed. Brokers interact with providers and consumers in order to build a profile of both parties. In particular, a broker interacts with providers in order to gather information on the data potentially available to consumers, and with the consumers in order to identify the set of providers that are most likely to satisfy specific data needs. The brokerage technique is based on a multi‐tier management of metadata. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Double‐Shot Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cerebral Lesions: Fast Spin‐Echo Versus Echo Planar Sequences

The authors compared two new rapid MRI techniques: doubleshot echo‐planar imaging (DS‐EPI) versus double‐shot fast spinecho (DS‐FSE) in the evaluation of cerebral lesions. The authors examined 35 patients with 37 lesions, which were hyperintense on long TR images. Patients were scanned with both DS‐EPI and DS‐FSE with a time of repetition (TR) of 10,000 milliseconds and an echo time (TE) of 80 milliseconds. Conspicuity was determined from region of interest measurements to calculate contrast to noise ratio (C/N). Visual comparisons between DS‐EPI and DS‐FSE, and between DS‐EPI and T2‐weighted conventional spin‐echo (CSE) were also performed to evaluate the sequences' ability to depict hemorrhage. The mean C/N for both sequences was comparable: 36.7 for DS‐FSE and 35.6 for DS‐EPI, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0. 77). With regards to depicting blood products, DS‐EPI proved far more effective than DS‐FSE and comparable to CSE. Also, DS‐EPI proved to be more time‐efficient, requiring 1.67 seconds per section, while DS‐FSE required 3.33 seconds per section. Whereas DS‐FSE and DS‐EPI are comparable in their ability to depict hyperintense cerebral pathology, DS‐EPI is more time‐efficient, and therefore appears preferable. Because of the high magnetic susceptibility of DSEPI, geometric distortion degrades visualization of lesions in the posterior fossa or near the sinuses. On the other hand, the high magnetic susceptibility results in high conspicuity of blood products.
The distinction of metabolically ‘healthy’ from ‘unhealthy’ obese individuals

Purpose of review The prevalence and severity of obesity are dramatically increasing throughout the world. Obesity causes a decline in life expectancy due to its associated metabolic and cardiovascular comorbid disorders. Therefore, it will become more important to distinguish obese individuals at high risk for obesity-related metabolic diseases from those who are metabolically ‘healthy’. This review focuses on recent evidence suggesting that normal adipose tissue function contributes to the healthy obese phenotype. Recent findings The majority of individuals with obesity develop insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, gout, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, approximately 10–25% of obese individuals are metabolically healthy most likely due to preserved insulin sensitivity. Recent studies suggest that inflammation of visceral adipose tissue, ectopic fat deposition and adipose tissue dysfunction mediate insulin resistance in human obesity independently of total body fat mass. This suggests that mechanisms beyond a positive caloric balance such as inflammation and adipokine release determine the pathological metabolic consequences in patients with obesity. Summary Recommendations for obesity treatment should distinguish the metabolically ‘healthy’ from ‘unhealthy’ obese phenotype to identify early the obese person who will benefit the most from losing weight. In addition, novel antiobesity treatment strategies targeting adipose tissue dysfunction are needed.
Coordinated Multi-Point Transmission and Reception for LTE-Advanced

In this paper a new technology is introduced for LTE-Advanced to meet the requirement of IMT-Advanced. The proposed scheme is Coordinated multi-point transmission and reception (CoMP). This method not only reduces the inter-cell interference (ICI), but also increases the cell average and cell edge user throughput in the both uplink and downlink. CoMP is specifically introduced in the following part.
Stability and Performance Metrics for Adaptive Flight Control

This paper addresses the problem of verifying adaptive control techniques for enabling safe flight in the presence of adverse conditions. Since the adaptive systems are non-linear by design, the existing control verification metrics are not applicable to adaptive controllers. Moreover, these systems are in general highly uncertain. Hence, the system's characteristics cannot be evaluated by relying on the available dynamical models. This necessitates the development of control verification metrics based on the system's input-output information. For this point of view, a set of metrics is introduced that compares the uncertain aircraft's input-output behavior under the action of an adaptive controller to that of a closed-loop linear reference model to be followed by the aircraft. This reference model is constructed for each specific maneuver using the exact aerodynamic and mass properties of the aircraft to meet the stability and performance requirements commonly accepted in flight control. The proposed metrics are unified in the sense that they are model independent and not restricted to any specific adaptive control methods. As an example, we present simulation results for a wing damaged generic transport aircraft with several existing adaptive controllers.
A simplicial complex‐based DBMS approach to 3D topographic data modelling

This paper introduces a new compact topological 3D data structure. The proposed method models the real world as a complete decomposition of space and this subdivision is represented by a constrained tetrahedral network (TEN). Operators and definitions from the mathematical field of simplicial homology are used to define and handle this TEN structure. Only tetrahedrons need to be stored explicitly in a (single column) database table, while all simplexes of lower dimensions, constraints and topological relationships can be derived in views. As a result the data structure is relatively compact and easy to update, while it still offers favourable characteristics from a computational point of view as well as presence of topological relationships.
Programming Language Support for Autoassociative Memory

Data structures such as arrays or hashmaps use exact key lookups and memory addresses for retrieving entries. This diers from a more relational model of memory such as human memory, which learns from heuristics and pattern matching as it receives input from its surrounding environment. Analogously, an autoassociative memory receives an input and returns a output value that may only be similar to the input and to the other memory values according to learned patterns. Our programming language library seeks to introduce a novel interface to this autoassociative memory in order to facilitate programming eciency for the end user. Specically, the interface will provide an easier way to handle structured input data for the user, as well as managing user-dened types in the autoassociative memory.
The Reovirus Mutant tsA279 L2 Gene Is Associated with Generation of a Spikeless Core Particle: Implications for Capsid Assembly

ABSTRACT Previous studies which used intertypic reassortants of the wild-type reovirus serotype 1 Lang and the temperature-sensitive (ts) serotype 3 mutant clone tsA279 identified two ts lesions; one lesion, in the M2 gene segment, was associated with defective transmembrane transport of restrictively assembled virions (P. R. Hazelton and K. M. Coombs, Virology 207:46–58, 1995). In the present study we show that the second lesion, in the L2 gene segment, which encodes the λ2 protein, is associated with the accumulation of a core-like particle defective for the λ2 pentameric spike. Physicochemical, biochemical, and immunological studies showed that these structures were deficient for genomic double-stranded RNA, the core spike protein λ2, and the minor core protein μ2. Core particles with the λ2 spike structure accumulated after temperature shift-down from a restrictive to a permissive temperature in the presence of cycloheximide. These data suggest the spike-deficient, core-like particle is an assembly intermediate in reovirus morphogenesis. The existence of this naturally occurring primary core structure suggests that the core proteins λ1, λ3, and ς2 interact to initiate the process of virion capsid assembly through a dodecahedral mechanism. The next step in the proposed capsid assembly model would be the association of the minor core protein μ2, either preceding or collateral to the condensation of the λ2 pentameric spike at the apices of the primary core structure. The assembly pathway of the reovirus double capsid is further elaborated when these observations are combined with structures identified in other studies.