Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of important electroencephalogram features for the assessment of brain maturation in premature infants

This review describes the maturational features of the baseline electroencephalogram (EEG) in the neurologically healthy preterm infant. Features such as continuity, sleep state, synchrony and transient waveforms are described, even from extremely preterm infants and includes abundant illustrated examples. The physiological significance of these EEG features and their relationship to neurodevelopment are highlighted where known. This review also demonstrates the importance of multichannel conventional EEG monitoring for preterm infants as many of the features described are not apparent if limited channel EEG monitors are used. Conclusion: This review aims to provide healthcare professionals in the neonatal intensive care unit with guidance on the more common normal maturational features seen in the EEG of preterm infants.
Opening the Process Black Box: Mechanisms Underlying the Social Consequences of Personality

Personality differences influence social relationships. Although this statement sounds like a truism today, one needs to be reminded that social relationship research has long been performed without strong consideration of individual differences, and personality research on social relationships has long been a rare endeavour. Fortunately, this situation has changed, and researchers from both personality and social psychology acknowledge that individual differences and social experiences are interwoven phenomena (Back, Baumert, et al., 2011; Baumeister, 1999; Reitz, Zimmermann, Hutteman, Specht, & Neyer, 2014; Specht et al., 2014; Vohs & Finkel, 2006; Vollrath, Krahé, & Hampson, 2004; Wood, Tesser, & Holmes, 2008). Moreover, empirical research in the domains of zero acquaintance perceptions and interactions (Asendorpf, Penke, & Back, 2011; Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2011; Cuperman & Ickes, 2009), peer relationships and friendship (Anderson, John, Keltner, & Kring, 2001; Asendorpf & Wilpers, 1998; Selfhout et al., 2010), romantic relationships (Dyrenforth, Kashy, Donnellan, & Lucas, 2010; Malouff, Thorsteinsson, Schutte, Bhullar, & Rooke, 2010; Schaffhuser, Allemand, & Martin, 2014), family relationships (Belsky, Jaffee, Caspi, Moffitt, & Silva, 2003; Branje, van Lieshout, & van Aken, 2005; Wagner, Lüdtke, Roberts, & Trautwein, 2014) and work relationships (Connelly & Ones, 2010; Judge, Heller, & Mount, 2002; Poropat, 2009) has convincingly shown that the personality characteristics of actors and partners have a sustainable influence on the emergence, maintenance and quality of social relationships as well as on the success in social contexts (also see Ozer & Benet-Martinez, 2006; Roberts, Kuncel, Shiner, Caspi, & Goldberg, 2007). However, much less is known about the mechanisms that can account for these effects. The need for more personality research on mediating processes has recently been highlighted by a number of scholars (e.g. Back, Baumert et al., 2011; Hampson, 2012; Snyder & Stukas, 1999; Swann & Bosson, 2008). Four years ago, in another special issue of the European Journal of Personality, we proposed a general process framework for understanding the interplay of personality and social relationships, the PERSOC model (Back, Baumert et al., 2011). Since then, researchers have initiated many creative research programmes that aim to explain the processes by which personality influences our social environment. This special issue is dedicated to this quest. I was very happy about the number and high quality of empirical responses to my call for papers, explicitly focusing on mediating processes. Ten empirical papers provide novel process insights that cover a wide variety of trait, relationship and process domains. In addition, two
A VLSI array architecture with dynamic frequency clocking

In this paper, we describe the concept of dynamic frequency clocking and the design of a linear VLSI array processor, DFLAP, for use in image processing applications. Dynamic frequency clocking enables the chip to operate at different frequencies switching dynamically depending on the instruction being executed. Such a technique facilitates better management of throughput and power requirements in a VLSI system. The applicability of dynamic clocking in pipelined systems is also investigated. The effectiveness of the dynamic frequency architecture is illustrated by mapping several tasks for image processing applications.
A Markovian Approach for InSAR Phase Reconstruction With Mixed Discrete and Continuous Optimization

In this letter, we propose a Markovian approach for interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) phase reconstruction. Recently, Markovian models based on multichannel InSAR likelihood statistics and total variation prior have been proposed to reconstruct the noisy and wrapped phase. Efficient discrete optimization algorithms based on the graph-cut technique are used to efficiently minimize the energy. Our contribution consists in extending these works to cope with continuous label sets providing more precise and accurate reconstructed profiles. The proposed approach also provides a good way to estimate local hyperparameters to adjust the prior model and preserve well discontinuities in profiles. This task is useful when working with real InSAR data where the quantization of the continuous label set leads to a loss of some physical information. The proposed method is compared to other Markovian approaches with discrete multilabel optimization algorithms. Experiments show better quality results both on simulated and real InSAR data.
F-FM: Fixed-Outline Floorplanning Methodology for Mixed-Size Modules Considering Voltage-Island Constraint

This paper presents a two-stage approach to handle fixed-outline floorplanning for mixed size modules, named F-FM. F-FM combines the advantages of the analytical approach and the slicing tree representation. Thus, it is not only suitable for handling fixed-outline floorplanning but also can be extended to handle other important issues in floorplanning such as routability or thermal effect in addition to wirelength. Recently, low power has become big challenges in very large-scale integration designs, which makes voltage-island driven floorplanning more important than ever. Although the problem has been discussed by previous works, no paper considers signal wirelength, powerplanning, and voltage drop at the same time under the fixed-outline constraint. Thus, this paper extends F-FM to handle this problem and consider these issues by properly dividing modules in a voltage domain into several islands. The experimental results show our approach obtains the best results in these problems.
Visual Exploration and Analysis of Time Series Earthquake Data

Earthquake hazard estimation requires systematic investigation of past records as well as fundamental processes that cause the quake. However, detailed long-term records of earthquakes at all scales (magnitude, space and time) are not available. Hence a synthetic method based on first principals could be employed to generate such records to bridge this critical gap of missing data. RSQSim is such a simulator that generates seismic event catalogs for several thousand years at various scales. This synthetic catalog contains rich detail about the earthquake events and associated properties. Exploring this data is of vital importance to validate the simulator as well as to identify features of interest such as quake time histories, conduct analyses such as calculating mean recurrence interval of events on each fault section. This work1 describes and demonstrates a prototype web based visual tool that enables domain scientists and students explore this rich dataset, as well as discusses refinement and streamlining of data management and analysis that is less error prone and scalable.
Living Multiples: How Large-scale Scientific Data-mining Pursues Identity and Differences

This article responds to two problems confronting social and human sciences: how to relate to digital data, inasmuch as it challenges established social science methods; and how to relate to life sciences, insofar as they produce knowledge that impinges on our own ways of knowing. In a case study of proteomics, we explore how digital devices grapple with large-scale multiples – of molecules, databases, machines and people. We analyse one particular visual device, a cluster-heatmap, produced by scientists by mining data from a large number of experiments on human blood plasma proteins. These proteins make up a myriad multiple whose identity shifts in many ways. Rather than displaying data about proteins, the heatmap constructs a view of the differences and similarities between experiments. We find this attempt to construct a view on many things at once instructive in thinking about multiples more generally. Instead of flattening molecular ‘life itself’, this visual device superimposes layers of digital devices and techniques from a wide variety of disciplines. This layering suggests a different way of relating to the life sciences more generally: rather than what they know, how they know might be of use to social and human sciences when attending to multiplicities.
Comparison of O-(2-18F-Fluoroethyl)-l-Tyrosine and l-3H-Methionine Uptake in Cerebral Hematomas

Radiolabeled amino acids are useful for brain tumor diagnosis, but unspecific uptake near the cerebral hematoma may complicate the differentiation of a neoplastic from a nonneoplastic origin of the hematoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern and time course of O-(2-18F-fluorethyl)-l-tyrosine (18F-FET) and l-3H-methionine (3H-MET) uptake in rats with cerebral hematomas. Methods: Intracerebral hematomas were induced in the striatum of 25 Fischer 344 CDF rats by inoculation of bacterial collagenase. 18F-FET and 3H-MET were injected intravenously at different times up to 4 wk after bleeding. One hour after tracer injection, brains were cut in coronal sections and evaluated by dual-tracer autoradiography. Lesion-to-brain (L/B) ratios were calculated by dividing maximal uptake near the hematomas and mean uptake in normal brain tissue. An L/B ratio greater than 1.5 was considered as indicative of pathologic uptake. The autoradiograms were compared with histology and immunostainings for astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and macrophage infiltration (CD68). Results: 18F-FET exhibited significantly increased uptake near the hematomas between 3 and 14 d after bleeding. The time course of pathologic 3H-MET uptake was similar, but after 3–4 wk there was still borderline uptake in single animals. The L/B ratios exceeded the cutoff level of 1.5 in 10 of 23 animals for 18F-FET and in 12 of 22 animals for 3H-MET but did not exceed a value of 3. Immunostainings indicated that increased uptake of both tracers correlated with reactive astrogliosis, whereas 3H-MET uptake was additionally increased in areas with macrophage infiltration. Conclusion: 18F-FET, like 3H-MET, may exhibit significantly increased uptake near cerebral hematomas, especially during the first 2 wk after bleeding, complicating the differentiation between a neoplastic and a nonneoplastic origin of cerebral hematomas.
Classification of Sporting Activities Using Smartphone Accelerometers

In this paper we present a framework that allows for the automatic identification of sporting activities using commonly available smartphones. We extract discriminative informational features from smartphone accelerometers using the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Despite the poor quality of their accelerometers, smartphones were used as capture devices due to their prevalence in today's society. Successful classification on this basis potentially makes the technology accessible to both elite and non-elite athletes. Extracted features are used to train different categories of classifiers. No one classifier family has a reportable direct advantage in activity classification problems to date; thus we examine classifiers from each of the most widely used classifier families. We investigate three classification approaches; a commonly used SVM-based approach, an optimized classification model and a fusion of classifiers. We also investigate the effect of changing several of the DWT input parameters, including mother wavelets, window lengths and DWT decomposition levels. During the course of this work we created a challenging sports activity analysis dataset, comprised of soccer and field-hockey activities. The average maximum F-measure accuracy of 87% was achieved using a fusion of classifiers, which was 6% better than a single classifier model and 23% better than a standard SVM approach.
The Effects of 4 and 10 Repetition Maximum Weight-Training Protocols on Neuromuscular Adaptations in Untrained Men

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the strength, cross-sectional area, specific tension, and anthropometric changes elicited by 4 repetition maximum (RM) and 10RM weight-training protocols in untrained subjects. Twenty-four men (24.17 6 1.76 years) volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to either the 4RM group or the 10RM group. Training was performed 3 times per week for 10 weeks; free weights were used to exercise the forearm extensors and flexors. The 4RM group performed 6 sets of 4 repetitions to failure and the 10RM group performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions to failure. Strength (1RM) was measured at 0, 6, and 10 weeks, and muscle cross-sectional area (determined through magnetic resonance imagery), specific tension (kilograms per square centimeter), and relaxed- and flexed-arm girth (corrected for skinfolds) were measured at 0 and 10 weeks. Significant (p , 0.05) increases in both forearm extensor and flexor 1RM strength, muscle cross-sectional area, specific tension, and flexed-arm girth occurred in both groups. The 4RM and 10RM loading intensities elicited significant and equal increases in strength, cross-sectional area, specific tension, and flexed girth. These results suggest that 4RM and 10RM weight-training protocols equated for volume produce similar neuromuscular adaptations over 10 weeks in previously untrained subjects.
A new quality metric for image fusion

We present three variants of a new quality metric for image fusion. The interest of our metrics, which are based on an image quality index recently introduced by Wang and Bovik in [Z. Wang et al., March 2002], lies in the fact that they do not require a ground-truth or reference image. We perform several simulations which show that our metrics are compliant with subjective evaluations and can therefore be used to compare different image fusion methods or to find the best parameters for a given fusion algorithm.
An actuator fault detection, isolation and estimation system for an UAV using input observers

In this paper we present a fault detection, isolation and estimation method dedicated to actuator failures for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The method is based on the use of Unknown Input Decoupled Functional Observers (UIDFO) and allows to deal with constant and variable failures. In extension of [1], observer design parameters are discussed.
Application of DEN refinement and automated model building to a difficult case of molecular-replacement phasing: the structure of a putative succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum

DEN refinement and automated model building with AutoBuild were used to determine the structure of a putative succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase from C. glutamicum. This difficult case of molecular-replacement phasing shows that the synergism between DEN refinement and AutoBuild outperforms standard refinement protocols.
Rewriting codes for flash memories based upon lattices, and an example using the E8 lattice

A rewriting code construction for flash memories based upon lattices is described, where the values stored in flash cells correspond to lattice points. This construction encodes information to lattice points in such a way that data can be written to the memory multiple times without decreasing the cell values. The construction partitions the flash memory's cubic signal space into blocks, which aids with encoding. The minimum number of writes is approximately linear in one of the code parameters. Using the E8 lattice as an example, the average number of writes can be increased by introducing randomization in the encoding.
The Penile Plethysmograph, Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest, and MSI-II: Are They Speaking the Same Language?

The assessment of sexual arousal, sexual interest, and cognitive distortion patterns in men accused of child molestation are significant elements in the detection and treatment of child sexual abuse perpetration. This study investigated chiefly whether there was a relationship between sexual interest (utilizing psychosexual measures—Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest and Multiphasic Sex Inventory-II), and sexual arousal (utilizing a psychophysiological device called the Penile Plethysmograph) in an outpatient sample of men, all of whom were accused of incest within divorces and/or child custody battles. Fifty three participants, all of whom were involved in civil and/or criminal litigation at the time they retained this researcher to consult on their legal cases, voluntarily underwent Penile Plethysmograph, Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest, and Multiphasic Sex Inventory-II testing under the direction and supervision of a clinical psychologist and board certified behavioral analyst. Results indicated that a strong correlation existed between the Abel Screen VRT and Penile Plethysmograph, Abel Questionnaire for Men and Penile Plethysmograph, and the Multiphasic Sex Inventory-II and Penile Plethysmograph, and that sexual interest, cognitive distortions, and sexual arousal were all linked to a high degree. The present within-subject, validation research study lends further credibility to the use of the Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest and Multiphasic Sex Inventory-II as possible replacement measures for the more controversial phallometric procedure—the Penile Plethysmograph.
Achieving Change in Students’ Attitudes Toward Group Projects by Teaching Group Skills

Despite the many positive benefits which can be derived from group assignments, faculty members frequently report that students generally dislike being assigned to a group project. This paper reports a quasi-experiment which presented students with information about the relevance and importance of group skills during the time in which they were working on an assigned group project, and then measured the students’ attitudes toward group projects. The reported study demonstrates that instructors can alter students’ perceptions of group work by incorporating instruction about group skills into group assignments.
pplication of Box-Behnken design in optimisation or polysaccharides extraction from cultured mycelium f Cordyceps sinensis

A three-level Box-Behnken design, combined with the canonical and ridge analyses, was employed to optimise the process parameters for polysaccharide extraction from cultured mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis, one of the most valued traditional Chinese medicines and health foods. The critical factors selected for the investigation were extraction temperature, duration of time and number of times. The experimental results were fitted with a second-order polynomial equation by a multiple regression analysis and more than 96% of the variation could be predicted by the models. The canonical analysis of surface responses revealed that the three eigenvalues had different signs, indicating a saddle stationary surface. The optimal conditions for extraction of polysaccharides from the cultured mycelium of C. sinensis were determined, using the ridge analysis, as extracting 110 min at 88.9 ◦C for three times. Under the optimal conditions the corresponding response value predicted for polysaccharide production was 15.85%, which was confirmed by validation experiments. © 2008 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Bringing the Family Back in : On Role Assignment and Clientification in the Swedish Social Services

In Sweden, municipal social services provide help and support for vulnerable people with a variety of needs. Although the family has long been understood to be a focus of social work interventions, it is unclear how it is brought into the casework process in the highly individualised and specialised municipal social services. Therefore, in this study we investigated processes of client-making and role assignment in five service sectors: social assistance, child welfare, substance abuse, disability, and elderly care. We carried out focus group interviews with social workers in each of these sectors in a mid-sized community in central Sweden. Findings showed that clienthood and the family are interpreted in different ways. The family is brought into or kept out of service provisions in ways that are connected to social workers’ construction of the family either as expert, client or non-client. However, the role of the family may also change during the casework process. Findings are examined in relation to theories of the welfare state and implications for family-focused practice are discussed.
Family Disclosure of War Trauma to Children

Objective: This article presents results from an exploratory study looking at the relationship between family disclosure of war trauma to children and their children’s play. Creative play was hypothesized to be an indicator of children’s well-being. Method: A comparison was made between a community and clinical sample of children whose families had experienced war. Twenty-one children from West and Central Africa and Algeria were administered a directed sand tray and story-telling play interview. Parents were interviewed about their children’s functioning, development, migration, war history and experience of family separation. A comparison of the children’s play and the family’s approach to the discussion of traumatic events was performed to explore the way in which disclosure was related to the children’s play. Results: The timing and manner in which trauma was disclosed to children appeared to be associated with the children’s ability to play creatively. Creative play appeared linked to a family feeling of safety to discuss their experiences and to a family’s manner of transmitting information so that children could process it. Conclusion: It is hypothesized that the timing and manner in which disclosure occurs may be more important than the disclosure or nondisclosure of war trauma in and of itself. This may have clinical implications for the treatment of children and families from multicultural contexts who have experienced war trauma.
Defining the Boundaries of Early Adolescence: A User's Guide to Assessing Pubertal Status and Pubertal Timing in Research With Adolescents

This article addresses pragmatic issues regarding the assessment of puberty in research on adolescent health and development. Because pubertal processes have a major effect on physical, psychological, and social development, we posit that the assessment of pubertal status is at least as important as the specification of age for characterizing adolescent participants in research studies. Yet, a sampling of recent literature shows that the majority of publications addressing health and developmental issues in adolescence lack any measure of puberty. A more comprehensive review of 447 articles reporting to have assessed puberty reveals considerable inconsistencies in methods, definitions, and conceptualizations of puberty and its stages, which highlights the need for better standardization. This article provides an in-depth review of existing methods to assess pubertal status and timing and enumerates the relative merits and shortcomings of several approaches. Conceptual and practical guidelines are provided for selecting specific measures to assess puberty with an emphasis placed on the need for these choices to be driven by the specific goals of the research.