Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Authorization Conflict Detection by Inferring Partial Data in RDF Access Control

Controlling access to the resource description framework (RDF) is complex and costly because of ontology inference. Jain and Farkas suggested an instance-level authorization conflict detection algorithm in consideration of this complexity. However, their method entails significant costs because security levels are assigned in all instances, and RDF inference is actually performed for the instances. To reduce costs, an authorization-level conflict detection method was proposed. The proposed method does not assign security levels to instances but evaluates judges if there is the existence of conflicts by only verifying access authorizations based on pre-analyzed authorization conflict conditions. However, this method is based on the assumption that authorization conflict conditions should be pre-analyzed completely. In this paper, we propose a hybrid authorization conflict detection method that combines the two methods. The hybrid method does not need to pre-analyze conflict conditions perfectly such as in the authorization-level method because RDF inference is conducted directly. However, given that the hybrid method does not have to consider all instances, the conflict detection time is shorter for the hybrid method than that for the instance-level method. Experimental results also indicate that the hybrid method is feasible.
Fundamentals of engineering electromagnetics[book review]

This text provides a broad coverage of topics in electromagnetic applications, which are presented by the experts in the field of engineering electromagnetics. It is a desk reference for the readers who desire to learn the fundamentals of engineering electromagnetics and to know how the electromagnetic filed theory can be employed to solve real-life electromagnetic problems. The book can also be used as a textbook for graduate-level courses. Other than a handful of errors and typos, the book is recommended as a well-organized resource for those who wish to broaden their scope of experience in this area.
Prognostic Utility and Clinical Significance of Cardiac Mechanics in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Importance of Left Atrial Strain

Background—Left atrial (LA) enlargement is associated with adverse events in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the role of LA mechanics (ie, LA strain measures) in HFpEF has not been well studied. We hypothesized that in HFpEF, reduced (worse) LA strain is a key pathophysiologic abnormality and is a stronger correlate of adverse events than left ventricular or right ventricular longitudinal strain. Methods and Results—We evaluated baseline LA function in 308 patients with HFpEF who were followed up longitudinally for adverse outcomes. All patients underwent speckle-tracking echocardiography for measurement of left ventricular longitudinal strain, right ventricular free wall strain, and LA booster, conduit, and reservoir strains. The clinical and prognostic significance of left ventricular, right ventricular, and LA strain measures was assessed by regression analyses. The mean age was 65±13 years, 64% were women, 26% had atrial fibrillation, and LA enlargement was present in the majority of patients (67%). Decreased LA reservoir strain was associated with increased pulmonary vascular resistance (P<0.0001) and decreased peak oxygen consumption (P=0.0001). Of the left ventricular, right ventricular, and LA strain measures, LA reservoir strain was the strongest correlate of adverse events and was independently associated with the composite outcome of cardiovascular hospitalization or death (adjusted hazard ratio per 1-SD decrease in LA strain, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.15–2.07; P=0.006). Conclusions—Abnormal indices of LA mechanics (particularly LA reservoir strain) are powerful clinical and prognostic factors in HFpEF. Unloading the LA and augmentation of LA function may be important future therapeutic targets in HFpEF. Registration Information—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT01030991.
Lightweight Resource Reservation Signaling: Design, Performance and Implementation

Recent studies take two different approaches to admission control. Some argue that due scalability limitations, using a signaling protocol to set up reservations is too costly and CPU-intensive for routers. Instead, end users should apply various end-to-end measurement-based mechanisms to run admission control. Several other proposals have recommended to reduce the number of reservations in the network by using aggregation algorithms, and, thus, reduce the number of signaling messages and states. We study the signaling cost factors, propose several solutions that achieve good performance with reduced processing cost, and evaluate an implementation of a lightweight signaling protocol that incorporates these solutions. First, we identify some the protocol design issues that determine protocol complexity and efficiency, namely the choice of a two-pass vs. one-pass reservation model, partial reservation, and the effect of reservation fragmentation. We also explore several design options that can speed up reservation setup and quickly recover from reservation fragmentation. Based on the conclusion of these studies, we developed a lightweight signaling protocol that can achieve good performance with low processing cost. We also show that with careful implementation and by using some of basic hashing techniques to manage flow states, we can support up to 10,000 flow setups per second (or about 300,000 active flows) on a commodity 700 MHz Pentium PC.
Effect of Calcium and Phosphorus on Nonhaeme Iron Absorption and Haematogenic Characteristics in Rats

The objectives of this study were to use the dry thyme leaves as source of nonhaeme iron and evaluate the effects of calcium, phosphorus and calcium + phosphorus on nonhaeme iron absorption and haematogenic characteristics in rats. Thirty adult male albino rats, weighing 150 ± 5 g were divided into five groups. The first group fed basal diet, the second group fed thyme diet, the third group fed thyme diet + calcium, the fourth group fed thyme diet + phosphorus and the fifth group fed thyme diet + calcium + phosphorus. All groups fed experimental diets for six weeks. Hemoglobin (Hb), haematocrit (Ht), red blood cell (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF), total iron–binding capacity and transferrin saturation were determined at the beginning and the at end of the experiment. Iron in diet, Fe intake, Fe feces and Fe absorption were also evaluated. The results indicated that the lowest Fe absorption was observed in rats fed the thyme diet + calcium and thyme diet + calcium + phosphorus. Supplementation the thyme diet with calcium or calcium + phosphorus decreased the values of Hb, Ht, RBC, SI and SF. However, supplementation the thyme diet with phosphorus did not affect in Ht, RBC and MCV but Hb, SI and SF increased. The results suggest that supplementation the diet with calcium or calcium + phosphorus interfere with iron absorption.
Toward Simpler, not Simplistic, Quantification of Software Architecture and Metrics: Report on the Second International Workshop on Software Architecture and Metrics

Architects of complex software systems face the challenge of how best to assess the achievement of quality attributes and other key system drivers, how to reveal issues and risks early, and how to make decisions about architecture improvement. Software architecture quality has a large impact on this effort, but it is usually not assessed with quantitative measures. A software architecture metric quantifies architecture quality, value, and cost. While it is highly desirable to improve feedback between development and deployment through measurable means for intrinsic quality, value, and cost, efforts in software architecture quality measurement have lagged behind the body of work focusing on code quality. The goal of the Second International Workshop on Software Architecture and Metrics was to discuss progress on architecture and metrics, measurement, and analysis; to gather empirical evidence on the use and effectiveness of metrics; and to identify priorities for a research agenda.
Motion having a Flight Phase: Experiments Involving a One-legged Robot

In the present paper, we introduce a new method by which to generate motions having flight phases such as jumping or running. Such motions are expected to expand the speed and stability of legged robots. Motions with flight phases are examined with respect to jumping, stability and implementation. A novel method of determining the center of mass (COM) and foot locations is proposed that is independent of the target robot actuators or assignments of joints. Moreover, the proposed method allows an on-line system to be built easily and is useful for actual robots. A one-legged jumping robot having a toe joint is built in order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method. Using the toe joint of the robot, the proposed method can reduce the angular velocities of the joints remarkably. Experiments are conducted to investigate the control of the direction, velocity and turning of the robot
Commentary: Idiographic Measurement Invariance?

We appreciate the opportunity to comment on Nesselroade Gerstorf, Hardy, and Ram’s efforts (this issue) to grapple with the challenge of accommodating idiographic assessment as it pertains to measurement invariance (MI). Although we are in complete agreement with the motivation for their work, we have concerns about their construal of the problem, as well as their proposed solution. We begin by summarizing our understanding of their problem statement and solution. We then delineate our concerns and conclude by considering other strategies that may help to reconcile the Nomothetic/Idiographic debate as it pertains to MI. Although most research questions in the social and behavioral sciences focus on individuals, the dominant statistical methodologies in use are predicated on nomothetic assumptions. This disconnect between theory and method has long been a concern (Cairns, 1986; Richters, 1997; Wohlwill, 1973). What is new is that statisticians have increasingly taken on this issue. Molenaar (2004) and the commentaries that followed represent an excellent synopsis of the Idiographic/Nomothetic debate as it pertains to statistical analysis in general, which we do not repeat here. We appreciate Nesselroade et al.’s effort to focus that broad debate around the specific problem of MI. Nesselroade et al.’s work appears to have been motivated by five problems related to the study of MI in a way that is consistent with an idiographic research orientation. First, there are situations when it is reasonable, and possibly even desirable, for the indicators of a latent variable to differ across persons. Second, and conversely, the same set of indicators of a latent variable may be available but may take on different meaning across persons. Third, the summary statistics (means, covariances) that are the input for most statistical
The Effect of Threat on Novelty Evoked Amygdala Responses

A number of recent papers have suggested that the amygdala plays a role in the brain’s novelty detection circuit. In a recent study, we showed that this role may be specific to certain classes of biologically-relevant stimuli, such as human faces. The purpose of the present experiment was to determine whether other biologically-relevant stimuli also evoke novelty specific amygdala responses. To test this idea, we presented novel and repeated images of snakes and flowers while measuring BOLD. Surprisingly, we found that novel images of snakes and flowers evoke more amygdala activity than repeated images of snakes and flowers. Our results further confirm the robustness of the novelty evoked amygdala responses, even when compared with effects more traditionally associated with the amygdala. In addition, our results suggest that threatening stimuli may prime the amygdala to respond to other types of stimuli as well.
Stereospecific Absorption and Degradation of Cephalexin

Abstract— Stereospecific absorption and degradation of two stereoisomers about the α‐amino group at the 7‐position of cephalexin (CEX) have been investigated in the rat intestine. The L‐isomer (L‐CEX) was not found to be present either in serum or urine after oral administration, but the D‐isomer (D‐CEX) was well absorbed. In contrast to the saturable uptake of D‐CEX (Kt = 10.54 ± 1.73 mM, pH = 6.0) by the in‐vitro everted intestinal sac, no appreciable uptake of L‐CEX was observed. However, L‐CEX competitively inhibited the uptake of D‐CEX by the in‐vitro everted intestine and the inhibitory constant (Ki) of L‐CEX was determined to be 0.67 ± 0.09 mM. L‐CEX was rapidly degraded in‐vitro in the intestinal tissue homogenate, serum and urine, while there was no appreciable degradation of D‐CEX. Analysis of the major metabolite of L‐CEX by high‐performance liquid chromatography identified it as 7‐aminodeacetoxycepha‐losporanic acid (7‐ADCA). Furthermore, 7‐ADCA was detected in serum after oral administration of L‐CEX, indicating significant absorption of L‐CEX as well as D‐CEX. The results obtained suggest that both L‐ and D‐CEX can be absorbed through the intestinal brush‐border membrane via the same mechanism, most likely through the dipeptide transport system, and that the affinity of L‐CEX to the carrier system is higher than that of D‐CEX. However, owing to L‐CEX having a higher affinity to the hydrolysing enzymes that are present in the intestinal tissue, serum, and urine, intact L‐CEX was immediately hydrolysed after absorption and was not detectable in these samples. These results, demonstrating stereospecific transport and metabolism of CEX, provide strong evidence for a mechanism of carrier‐mediated uptake in the absorption of CEX.
Lateral injection of oxygen with the Bosporus plume—fingers of oxidizing potential in the Black Sea

Saline and warm Mediterranean water flowing through the Bosporus Strait maintains a permanent pycnocline with vertical separation of oxic (O2), suboxic (absence of O2 and H2S), and anoxic (H2S) zones in the Black Sea. The stable suboxic zone implies restricted vertical mixing of the upper oxic and lower anoxic layers and limited vertical flux of oxygen that cannot balance the upward flux of sulfide. We report data that directly confirm massive lateral injections (>200 km from the Bosporus) of oxygen‐enriched waters of the Bosporus plume, created by the mixing of shallow, cold, intermediate‐layer Black Sea water with Mediterranean water. These plume waters are laterally injected into the oxic layer and, more importantly, into the suboxic and anoxic layers over several small vertical scales (“fingers” of ~5 m) at water densities (σt) from 15.0 to 16.4. O2 injection oxidizes Mn(II) to Mn(III,IV), which then oxidizes H2S. The onset of H2S detection occurs in deeper waters in the southwest (>170 m; σt ~= 16.4) relative to the west central Black Sea (110 m; σt ~= 16.2) and coincides with increased MnO2 and S8 formation in the southwest.
Social Intelligence in Completely Online Groups - Toward Social Prosthetics from Log Data Analysis and Transformation

Technology mediated groups interact in surprising ways to produce coherent behavior that contributes to collective and individual ends. Traces of these activities are captured in system log data. In this report we use Erickson’s application of human social intelligence to social computing as a frame for contrasting 3 studies of rich trace data captured from an online learning management system. First, we present a data-mining algorithm that is effective for identifying small group membership in dense networks. Second, we describe our use of social network analysis techniques to make online group development more visible. Third, we transform raw trace data into a weighted, social form that enables the development of prosthetics for social intelligence in online learning and work environments. Finally, we assert that thinking about "social intelligence prosthetics" will help the social computing research community to develop theory that considers the interwoven roles of computation, interaction design and data structure.
Knowledge visualization in practice: challenges for future corporate communication

In this paper, the author illustrates some of the key challenges for knowledge visualization in corporate communication. Based on a case study from Edward Tufte and an evolutionary account of Mihai Nadin, the author argues that interactivity is an essential issue with regard to organizational communication or knowledge media design in general. Finally, he presents an example that comes from a recent DaimlerChrysler research project. This project used an interactive visualization to support the communication between several different management levels and professional backgrounds.
TiCom: A Time-Compensation Based Review Ranking Algorithm for Mobile Clients

Mobile environment has been one of focuses of computing, communication and management. Mobile review ranking problem, for the first time, is brought out in this paper. Also, a novel ranking algorithm, TiCom, is proposed for mobile review ranking. TiCom is based on the idea of time compensation, and is used to prevent fresh voting item from being ranked too high or too low. Experimental results show that TiCom effectively improves the review process, e.g. music review ranking, especially in mobile environments.
Approximate Geometric Pattern Matching Under Rigid Motions

We present techniques for matching point-sets in two and three dimensions under rigid-body transformations. We prove bounds on the worst-case performance of these algorithms to be within a small constant factor of optimal and conduct experiments to show that the average performance of these matching algorithms is often better than that predicted by the worst-case bounds.
The New Development Economics: We Shall Experiment, but How Shall We Learn?

Development economics is split between macro-development economists—who focus on economic growth, international trade, and fiscal/macro policies—and micro-development economists—who study microfinance, education, health, and other social programs. Recently there has been substantial convergence in the policy mindset exhibited by micro evaluation enthusiasts, on the one hand, and growth diagnosticians, on the other. At the same time, the randomized evaluation revolution has led to an accentuation of the methodological divergence between the two camps. Overcoming the split requires changes on both sides. Macrodevelopment economists need to recognize the distinct advantages of the experimental approach and adopt the policy mindset of the randomized evaluation enthusiasts. Micro-development economists, for their part, have to recognize that the utility of randomized evaluations is restricted by the narrow and limited scope of their application. As the Chinese example illustrates, extending the experimental mindset to the domain of economy-wide reforms is not just possible, it has already been practiced with resounding success in the most important development experience of our generation.
Opinion detection: Influence factors

Many online social networks (like blogs or Twitter) allow users to post and share their opinions on various topics. The detection and interpretation of these subjective comments is strategic for various organizational and business purposes, e.g., product and service benchmarking, ads placement or market intelligence. This article aims at enhancing the opinion detection process, i.e., the identification of documents that reflect an opinion, whatever their polarities - positive or negative. Our contribution consists in analyzing the factors that influence the detection of opinions. In particular, we investigate three factors: document's time, topic, and topic category. We have conducted an experiment to detect opinions in the TREC Blog 06 dataset, using the IMDB data collection as a reference. Our experimental results report that time, topics and topic categories have an impact on the opinion detection process.
Łukasiewicz Games

Boolean games provide a simple, compact, and theoretically attractive abstract model for studying multiagent interactions in settings where players will act strategically in an attempt to achieve individual goals. A standard critique of Boolean games, however, is that the strictly dichotomous nature of the preference relations induced by Boolean goals inevitably trivialises the nature of such strategic interactions: a player is assumed to be indifferent between all outcomes that satisfy her goal, and indifferent between all outcomes that do not satisfy her goal. While various proposals have been made to overcome this limitation, many of these proposals require the inclusion of nonlogical structures into games to capture nondichotomous preferences. In this article, we introduce Łukasiewicz games, which overcome this limitation by allowing goals to be specified using Łukasiewicz logics. By expressing goals as formulae of Łukasiewicz logics, we can express a much richer class of utility functions for players than is possible using classical Boolean logic: we can express every continuous piecewise linear polynomial function with rational coefficients over [0, 1]n as well as their finite-valued restrictions over {0, 1/k, …, (k − 1)/k, 1}n. We thus obtain a representation of nondichotomous preference structures within a purely logical framework. After introducing the formal framework of Łukasiewicz games, we present a number of detailed worked examples to illustrate the framework, and then investigate some of their theoretical properties. In particular, we present a logical characterisation of the existence of Nash equilibria in finite and infinite Łukasiewicz games. We conclude by briefly discussing issues of computational complexity.
A white blood cell index as the main prognostic factor in t ( 8 ; 21 ) acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) : a survey of 161 cases from the French AML Intergroup

Stéphanie Nguyen, Thierry Leblanc, Pierre Fenaux, Francis Witz, Didier Blaise, Arnaud Pigneux, Xavier Thomas, Françoise Rigal-Huguet, Bruno Lioure, Anne Auvrignon, Denis Fière, Josy Reiffers, Sylvie Castaigne, Guy Leverger, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Gérard Socié, and Hervé Dombret, for the French AML Intergroup including the Groupe Ouest Est Leucémies Aiguës Myéloblastiques (GOELAM), the Leucémies Aiguës Myéloblastiques de l’Enfant (LAME), the Acute Leukemia French Association (ALFA), and the Bordeaux Grenoble Marseille Toulouse (BGMT) cooperative groups
A simple and effective real-time eyes detection human detection without training procedure

An effective and real-time eyes detection system based on the symmetric and geometric relationships of human-eyes region in gray-level images is presented. In order to reduce the search effort and eliminate the noise impact, we first perform the edge processing with Sobel filter. We then make use of the characteristics of symmetric relationship of human-eyes region to find out the possible regions of human eyes. Moreover, we use the geometric characteristic of human-eyes region to preliminarily exclude the region without eyes and reach the locations of possible eyes regions as quickly as we can,. Finally, to merge all possible regions with eyes into one and to exclude the regions without human eyes effectively, the eyes verification process is also proceeded. The superior performance of the eyes detection of the proposed method is justified in experiments on a large number of images. The demonstration of our work is available at: http://www.ee. tku.edu. tw/~dsp/tkufd
Rebuilding the Oxford Dictionary of English as a Semantic Network

This paper describes a project to develop a lexicon for use both as an electronic dictionary and as a database for a range of NLP tasks. It proposes that a lexicon for such open-ended application may be derived from a human-user dictionary, retaining and enhancing the richness of its editorial content but abandoning its entry-list structure in favour of networks of relationships between discrete lexical objects, where each object represents a discrete lexeme-meaning unit.