Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drug Induced Arousal and Fear Appeals.

EDRS Price MF-$0.25 HC-$0.70 Health, *Research, *Smoking, Stimulants, *Stimulus Behavior, *Tobacco It is hypothesized that the drug, epinephrine, used in conjunction with a fear arousing film on the consquences of smoking would be more effective than either alone in increasing fear and negative attitudes toward smoking and, resultantly, in reducing cigarette consumption. The experimenters assigned 119 subjects to the four cells of a 2x2 factorial design: film vs. no film by epinephrine vs. placebo. A significant film x drug interaction was found with the dependent measure of degree of fear produced. However, contrary to prediction, the difference between the epinephrine and placebo groups was greater in the no film condition than in the film condition. Only main effects for the film variable were found with regard to attitudes toward smoking. All groups reported signficantly reduced smoking from pretest through three followup assessments, but the treatments were not differentially effective. (Author/TL) (\I DRUG INDUCED AROUSAL AND FEAR APPEALS 1 C. William Deckner Ronald W. Rogers Vanderbilt University Vanderbilt University
An Analytical Approach to Creating Multitouch Gesture Vocabularies in Mobile Devices: A Case Study for Mobile Web Browsing Gestures

This study proposes an analytical approach to the creation of multitouch control-gesture vocabularies applicable to mobile devices. The approach consists of four steps: (a) identifying target commands, (b) extracting gesture features of the target commands, (c) analyzing usage patterns based on elements that consist of multitouch gestures, and (d) creating gesture vocabularies based on the gesture features and elements. Usefulness and practicality of the proposed approach were validated in a case study. The case study created 11 mobile web browsing gestures to improve short-cut interactions. Six volunteers created gestures based on systematic procedures and practical methods. A total of 314 gestures were created in the case study, and the results were compared with those of a previous study that used an empirical approach to design control gestures. The proposed approach helped designers to create appropriate gestures for various commands on mobile devices. It was very practicable for all designers, including even novice users.
Towards a Tool for Interactive Concept Building for Large Scale Analysis in the Humanities

We develop a pipeline consisting of various text processing tools which is designed to assist political scientists in finding specific, complex concepts within large amounts of text. Our main focus is the interaction between the political scientists and the natural language processing groups to ensure a beneficial assistance for the political scientists and new application challenges for NLP. It is of particular importance to find a “common language” between the different disciplines. Therefore, we use an interactive web-interface which is easily usable by non-experts. It interfaces an active learning algorithm which is complemented by the NLP pipeline to provide a rich feature selection. Political scientists are thus enabled to use their own intuitions to find custom concepts.
Design and Modeling of a New Drive System and Exaggerated Rectilinear-Gait for a Snake-Inspired Robot

In recent years, snake-inspired locomotion has garnered increasing interest in the bio-inspired robotics community. This positive trend is largely due to the unique and highly effective gaits utilized by snakes to traverse various terrains and obstacles. These gaits make use of a snake's hyper-redundant body structure to adapt to the terrain and maneuver through tight spaces. Snake-inspired robots utilizing rectilinear motion, one of the primary gaits observed in natural snakes, have demonstrated favorable results on various terrains. However, previous robot designs utilizing rectilinear gaits were slow in speed. This paper presents a design and an exaggerated rectilinear gait concept for a snake-inspired robot which overcomes this limitation. The robot concept incorporates high speed linear motion and a new multimaterial, variable friction force anchoring concept. A series of traction experiments are conducted to determine appropriate materials to be used in the friction anchor (FA) design. The gait concept includes four unique gaits: a forward and a turning gait, which both emphasize speed for the robot; and a forward and turning gait which emphasize traction. We also report a comparative study of the performance of prototype robot designed using these concepts to other published snake-inspired robot designs.
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications the Traveling Salesman Problem for Cubic Graphs

We show how to find a Hamiltonian cycle in a graph of degree at most three with n vertices, in time O(2 n/3) ≈ 1.260 n and linear space. Our algorithm can find the minimum weight Hamiltonian cycle (traveling salesman problem), in the same time bound. We can also count or list all Hamiltonian cycles in a degree three graph in time O(2 3n/8) ≈ 1.297 n. We also solve the traveling salesman problem in graphs of degree at most four, by randomized and deterministic algorithms with runtime O((27/4) n/3) ≈ 1.890 n and O((27/4 + ǫ) n/3) respectively. Our algorithms allow the input to specify a set of forced edges which must be part of any generated cycle. Our cycle listing algorithm shows that every degree three graph has O(2 3n/8) Hamiltonian cycles; we also exhibit a family of graphs with 2 n/3 Hamiltonian cycles per graph.
Mitigating high latency outliers for cloud-based telecommunication services

Telecommunication applications are distinguished by their stringent requirements for availability and completion times. A highly available, low-latency, distributed data store is therefore a critical component of cloud-based realizations of telecommunication services. We present a systematic experimental evaluation of state-of-the-art database systems as components of telecommunication applications. We show that while their average latencies are well within the required time scales, the distribution of latencies exhibits a long tail of unacceptably large outliers which may significantly impair meeting the performance requirements of telecommunication applications. To address the observed phenomenon of high latency outliers, we present a new solution that is implemented in a Bell Labs system code named Flurry. Flurry is based on using the first response from a replica rather than waiting for all or a quorum of responses from replicas. To handle incorrect responses arising from message losses, Flurry uses a novel checking algorithm based on vector clocks to determine the correctness of a replica's response. We present experimental evaluation results which show that Flurry significantly reduces both the average response time and the probability of unacceptable response times to values that would allow meeting the availability and completion time thresholds required for telecommunication services. © 2012 Alcatel-Lucent.
On the Origin of Space Part 19 : Nondeterministic Solution of Satisfiability Problems

The consequences of an interpretation of quantum theory following the line of Everett’s many-realities lead to the theoretical possibility of computers that could tractably solve satisfiability problems, and hence other NP-complete problems widely considered to be intractable for classical computers and presently considered probabilistic quantum computers. The extra capability is seen to come from the ability of composite quantum systems (CQS) to process noninterfering realities through quantum observers; probabilistic quantum computers can only process interfering realities by using classical (decohered) observers. The total time for a CQS computer to determine whether a 3SAT propositional formula is satisfiable or unsatisfiable would be linear in the number of variables and logarithmic in the number of clauses. The apparatus size and energy requirements would be linear in both quantities.
Cortical cytoskeleton of giant moth eggs

Unfertilized eggs of several species of giant moths contain a substantial cortical cytoskeleton. This structure is assembled during oogenesis, and contains actin as a major fibrillar component. The presence of actin was confirmed by gel electrophoresis and binding to phalloidin, DNase 1, and a monoclonal antibody against cytoskeletal actin. Several lines of evidence suggest that the fat body is a source of the actin in the oocyte and that the transport and acquisition of actin by the ovary are similar to the mechanism of vitellogenin acquisition. A possible role for the cortical cytoskeleton in directing early embryogenesis is discussed.
Implantable venous Doppler monitoring in head and neck free flap reconstruction increases the salvage rate.

BACKGROUND Free flap success depends on rapid identification and subsequent salvage of failing flaps. Conventional free flap monitoring techniques require an external component, whereas an implantable monitor readily indicates changes in free flap perfusion, especially in buried flaps used in head and neck reconstruction. METHODS This is a retrospective review of 169 consecutive head and neck free flaps reconstructed mostly for oncologic surgical defects in 155 patients from April of 2000 to December of 2006, all of which were monitored by an implantable venous Doppler device. RESULTS There were 25 buried flaps, representing 14.8 percent of 169 flaps. Flap ischemia caused by thrombosis (n = 16), hematoma (n = 2), or tight closure (n = 1) occurred in 11.2 percent of the cases. The Doppler probe detected all of the failing free flaps, and we were able to salvage 18 of 19 ischemic flaps (94.7 percent). All Doppler-detected ischemic nonburied flaps (100 percent) and three of the four buried free flaps were salvaged (75 percent). There were 33 total complications (19.5 percent), with thrombosis occurring in 9.5 percent of the flaps, whereas 12 flaps required reoperation for vascular revision (7.1 percent). The mortality rate was less than 1 percent (0.6 percent). The overall success rate using the implantable Doppler probe was 98.2 percent, which was similar to that of the most recent reported cases of all free flaps in the literature, with significant improvement in the salvage rate for both buried and nonburied head and neck free flaps. CONCLUSION The implantable Doppler probe is a useful monitoring device in buried free flaps and should be considered for use in head and neck reconstruction.
Phylogenetic Analysis of CryptosporidiumParasites Based on the Small-Subunit rRNA Gene Locus

ABSTRACT Biological data support the hypothesis that there are multiple species in the genus Cryptosporidium, but a recent analysis of the available genetic data suggested that there is insufficient evidence for species differentiation. In order to resolve the controversy in the taxonomy of this parasite genus, we characterized the small-subunit rRNA genes of Cryptosporidium parvum,Cryptosporidium baileyi, Cryptosporidium muris, and Cryptosporidium serpentis and performed a phylogenetic analysis of the genus Cryptosporidium. Our study revealed that the genus Cryptosporidium contains the phylogenetically distinct species C. parvum, C. muris, C. baileyi, and C. serpentis, which is consistent with the biological characteristics and host specificity data. The Cryptosporidium species formed two clades, with C. parvum and C. baileyi belonging to one clade and C. muris and C. serpentisbelonging to the other clade. Within C. parvum, human genotype isolates and guinea pig isolates (known asCryptosporidium wrairi) each differed from bovine genotype isolates by the nucleotide sequence in four regions. A C. muris isolate from cattle was also different from parasites isolated from a rock hyrax and a Bactrian camel. Minor differences were also detected between C. serpentis isolates from snakes and lizards. Based on the genetic information, a species- and strain-specific PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism diagnostic tool was developed.
A dynamic detective method against ROP attack on ARM platform

With the popularity of embedded devices, especially smart phones, a growing attention has been paid to their programs' security. Many viruses on PC platforms migrated to embedded device have brought new threats to the security of the embedded platform. ROP (Return-Oriented Programming) attack is one of them. At the same time, traditional protective measures on PC platform tend to lose effect in embedded devices due to differences among platforms and architectures which bring significant challenges to virus protection on embedded devices. Defending ROP attack confronts the same problem. Existing protective methods against ROP attack on PC rarely work well on an embedded platform. This paper presents a protective algorithm against ROP virus on the embedded ARM platform. Furthermore, we develop a Valgrind tool to implement this algorithm with dynamic binary instrumentation technology which can effectively prevent the ROP attack and its variants on the ARM platform.
Sum-Rate Maximization of Coordinated Direct and Relay Systems

Joint processing of multiple communication flows in wireless systems has given rise to a number of novel transmission techniques, notably the two-way relaying based on wireless network coding. Recently, a related set of techniques has emerged, termed coordinated direct and relay (CDR) transmissions, where the constellation of traffic flows is more general than the two-way. Regardless of the actual traffic flows, in a CDR scheme the relay has a central role in managing the interference and boosting the overall system performance. In this paper we investigate the novel transmission modes, based on amplify-and-forward, that arise when the relay is equipped with multiple antennas and can use beamforming. We focus on one representative traffic type, with one uplink and one downlink users and consider the achievable sum-rate maximization relay beamforming. The beamforming criterion leads to a non-convex problem and we introduce a low-complexity iterative solution, as well as derive a sum-rate upper performance bound. Numerical results demonstrate an obvious benefit from the usage of multiple antennas at the relay node.
Controlling shareholders' propping or tunneling: A choice of earnings management — Evidence from target firms in China

This paper documents a unique form of controlling shareholders' propping and tunneling through earnings management prior to China's equity transactions, and we find the significant evidence that the controlling shareholders of targets attempt to employ income-increasing accruals management prior to the mergers that acquirers are not the controlling shareholders of targets so as to increase their revenue from equity transactions and income-decreasing accruals management prior to the mergers that acquirers are actually the controlling shareholders of targets in order to decrease their cost of equity purchases. The results suggest that the accruals management is not general for targets, which is associated with incentives of controlling shareholders related to the accruals. We investigate the shareholder wealth effects of equity transactions and their association with abnormal accruals and find the evidence that the outside investors cannot detect controlling shareholders' propping, but can at least partially see through the tunneling of controlling shareholders. Our results also indicate that the markets are hardly to fully recognize the difference of earnings management between controlling shareholders' propping and tunneling and outside investors cannot effectively predict and penalize the expropriation of minority shareholders only when the expropriation does occur.
Entity Name System: The Back-Bone of an Open and Scalable Web of Data

Recognizing that information from different sources refers to the same (real world) entity is a crucial challenge in instance-level information integration, as it is a pre-requisite for combining the information about one entity from different sources. The required entity matching is time consuming and thus imposes a crucial limit for large-scale, dynamic information integration. An increased re-use of entity identifiers (or names) across different information collections such as RDF repositories, databases and document collections, eases this situation.In the ideal case, entity matching can be reduced to the trivial problem of spotting the same entity identifier in different information collections. In this paper we propose the use of an entity name system (ENS) - as it is currently under development in the EU-funded project OKKAM - for systematically supporting the re-use of entity identifiers. The main purpose of the ENS is to provide unique and uniform names for entities for the use in information collections, so that the same name is used for an entity, even when it is referenced in different contexts. Of course the creation of an ENS that can efficiently deal with entities on the Web scale raises scalability issues of its own. This paper focuses on the role of an ENS in contributing to the scalability of ad-hoc and on demand information integration tasks.
A Frequency Domain Approach to Registration of Aliased Images with Application to Super-resolution

Super-resolution algorithms reconstruct a high-resolution image from a set of low-resolution images of a scene. Precise alignment of the input images is an essential part of such algorithms. If the low-resolution images are undersampled and have aliasing artifacts, the performance of standard registration algorithms decreases. We propose a frequency domain technique to precisely register a set of aliased images, based on their low-frequency, aliasing-free part. A high-resolution image is then reconstructed using cubic interpolation. Our algorithm is compared to other algorithms in simulations and practical experiments using real aliased images. Both show very good visual results and prove the attractivity of our approach in the case of aliased input images. A possible application is to digital cameras where a set of rapidly acquired images can be used to recover a higher-resolution final image.
Structure Generation by Irradiation: What Can GLIMPSE Teach Us about the ISM Structure?

Diffuse emission in the mid-infrared shows a wealth of structure, which lends itself to high-resolution structure analysis of the interstellar gas. A large part of the emission comes from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), excited by nearby ultraviolet sources. Can the observed diffuse emission structure be interpreted as column density structure? We discuss this question with the help of a set of model molecular clouds bathed in the radiation field of a nearby O star. The correlation strength between column density and "observed" flux density strongly depends on the absolute volume density range in the region. Shadowing and irradiation effects may completely alter the appearance of an object. Irradiation introduces additional small-scale structure, and it can generate structures resembling shells around H II regions in objects that do not possess any shell-like structures whatsoever. Nevertheless, with some effort, structural information about the underlying interstellar medium can be retrieved. In the more diffuse regime [n(H I) ≲ 100 cm-3], flux density maps may be used to trace the 3D density structure of the cloud via density gradients. Thus, while caution definitely is in order, mid-infrared surveys such as GLIMPSE will provide quantitative insight into the turbulent structure of the interstellar medium.
Fake smile detection using linear support vector machine

Fake smile is an emotional sign on the face that can be used as information for non-verbal communication. One of its functions is for lie detection purpose based on the information of emotional sign generated on the face. The emergence of fake smile indicates that there are negative emotions, uncomfortable feeling, and something hidden in a person. This research aims to detect fake smile. In fact, real smile is characterized by the contraction of zygomatic major muscle on the edge of mouth corner and obicularis oculli muscle on the eyelids. However, on a fake smile, zygomatic major muscle experiences contraction, but obicularis oculli muscle doesn't contract. Contraction of the zygomatic major muscle is identified by the appearance of wrinkles on the cheeks corner of the mouth, whereas obicularis oculli contraction is identified by the feature value of eye elongation. On the test image, segmentation of RoI (Region of Interest) is done on cheeks and eyes. On the RoI (Region of Interest) cheeks, wrinkle density is calculated; whereas elongation value is calculated on the RoI (Region of Interest) eyes. Based on the two variables above, with support vector machine linear for its classification, smile is classified into two classes, i.e. real smile and fake smile. The test result showed that the accuracy of system is 86 %, whereas the error rate is 14%.
Efficient path planning for mobile robots in environments with deformable objects

The ability to reliably navigate through the environment is an important prerequisite for truly autonomous robots. In this paper, we consider the problem of path planning in environments with non-rigid obstacles such as curtains or plants. We present an approach that combines probabilistic roadmaps with a physical simulation of object deformations to determine a path that optimizes the trade-off between the deformation cost and the distance to be traveled. We describe how our approach utilizes Finite Element theory for calculating the deformation cost. Since the high computational requirements of the corresponding simulation prevent this method from being applicable online, we present an approximation that uses a preprocessing step to determine a deformation cost function for each object. This cost function allows us to estimate the deformation costs of arbitrary paths through the objects and is used to evaluate the trajectories generated by the roadmap planner online. We present experiments which demonstrate that the resulting algorithm plans nearly identical trajectories compared to the method that relies on computationally intense simulations. At the same time, our approach allows the robot to quickly calculate paths in environments with deformable objects.
Chinese large-vocabulary name recognition system using character description and syllable spelling recognition

The large-vocabulary name recognition technique is one of the challenging tasks in the application of Chinese speech recognition technology. It can be applied on long-list automatic attendant systems and automatic directory assistance systems. A Chinese name has usually two to three characters with each character pronounced as a single syllable. It is a high perplexity task to recognize a word from a long-list of candidates, like more than three hundred thousand unique names in our experiments, given a very short utterance like one to two seconds of speech. Two novel approaches under an interactive framework are proposed in this paper to aid the recognition of a Chinese name: character description recognition (CDR) and syllable spelling recognition (SSR). Together with our robust finite-state recognizer given a graph-structured syllable lexicon for the full names, we achieved a very promising name recognition success rate, 94.5%, in our system-initiative dialogue system.