Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes of death in people with coeliac disease in England compared with the general population: a competing risk analysis

Introduction Quantifying excess cause-specific mortality among people with coeliac disease (CD) compared with the general population accounting for competing risks will allow accurate information to be given on risk of death from specific causes. Method We identified from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink all patients with CD linked to Office for National Statistics between 1998 and 2012. We selected controls by frequency matching from the registered general practice population within 10-year age bands. We calculated the adjusted cumulative incidence (including adjustment for competing risks) and excess cumulative incidence for different causes of death up to 10 years from diagnosis. Results Of the 10 825 patients with CD, 773 died within the study period. The overall mortality rate among patients with CD was 128/10 000 person years compared with 153/10 000 in controls (HR=0.94 95% CI 0.84 to 1.01). We found no overall difference in the cumulative incidence of respiratory disease, digestive disease or cancer related death among cases and controls. The adjusted cumulative incidence of death from cardiovascular deaths was slightly lower compared with those without CD diagnosis (CD 0.32% vs controls 0.41%) with a corresponding excess cumulative incidence of −0.08% (95% CI −0.13 to −0.04). However, patients with CD had 0.15% excess risk (95% CI 0.03 to 0.27) of deaths from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma from the general population baseline risk. Conclusions Overall, people with CD have no major excess risk of cancer, digestive disease or respiratory disease related or cardiovascular mortality compared with the general population. These findings should be reassuring to patients with CD and clinicians managing their care.
Processes for Enterprise Application Architecture Management

Over the past few decades, the way in which enterprises have performed their business and organizational changes at the level of information systems has for the most part been incomplete and/or unsystematic. Fundamental IT innovations have therefore coincided with the development of heterogeneous application landscapes which are more or less inconsistent with the business and/or process architecture. Explicit management of the application architecture, which forms the interface between the business and the technical view on the information system, is necessary to recreate and preserve consistency. Based on a requirements analysis for enterprise application architecture management and a discussion of related work from literature and practice, this paper proposes processes that are based on three case studies. The proposed processes are evaluated in respect of the specified requirements.
Development of Research-Like Activities in Everyday Life Measure and Association with Core Self-Evaluation Scale in Thai Undergraduate Students

Urgent needs to increase numbers of researchers in Thailand, especial in social science, humanities, and education, have called for the assessment of potential behaviors. The purpose of this study was to develop and preliminary validate "research-like activities in everyday life" (RAEL) scale using factor analytical approach in students in Thailand. Findings confirm the existence of two factors: 1) predictions for problem solving and 2) finding the causes of sickness for coping, with total of 10 items. High correlation of RAEL and core self-evaluation, research consuming, and self-regulated learning were found. Suggestions for future studies and implications are provided.
Cytomegalovirus Impairs the Induction of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Mediated Antimicrobial and Immunoregulatory Effects in Human Fibroblasts

Human fibroblasts provide immunosuppressive functions that are partly mediated by the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Moreover, upon stimulation with inflammatory cytokines human fibroblasts exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial effector functions directed against various clinically relevant pathogens and these effects are also IDO-dependent. Therefore human fibroblasts are suggested to be involved in the control of immune reactions during infectious diseases. As human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) represents a pathogen frequently found in immunocompromised hosts and IDO is involved in the control of HCMV growth, we here investigated the impact of HCMV infection on IDO-mediated antimicrobial and immunoregulatory effects. We show that infection with HCMV substantially impairs IFN-γ-induced IDO-activity in human fibroblasts in a dose and time dependent fashion. Consequently, these cells are no longer able to restrict bacterial and parasitic growth and, furthermore, loose their IDO-mediated immunosuppressive capacity. Our results may have significant implications for the course of HCMV infection during solid organ transplantation: we suggest that loss of IDO-mediated antimicrobial and immunoregulatory functions during a HCMV infection might at least in part explain the enhanced risk of organ rejection and infections observed in patients with HCMV reactivation after solid organ transplantation.
Prediction from low birth weight to female adolescent depression: a test of competing hypotheses.

CONTEXT Low birth weight (LBW) predicts later-onset hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Its role as a predictor of depression is unclear. OBJECTIVES To examine whether LBW predicts depression in male and female children and adolescents and to compare the following 2 hypotheses: Low birth weight is one among several perinatal, childhood, and adolescent risk factors for depression (biopsychosocial hypothesis). Low birth weight is a marker for poor intrauterine conditions that provoke adjustments in fetal development, with long-term consequences for stress response (fetal programming hypothesis). DESIGN A representative population-based sample from an 11-county area in western North Carolina was assessed annually for psychiatric disorders between the ages of 9 and 16 years. We tested the prediction from LBW and depression in models that included LBW only, LBW plus other prenatal and perinatal adversities, LBW plus significant perinatal and childhood adversities, and LBW plus significant perinatal and childhood adversities and adolescent correlates. SETTING Academic research. PARTICIPANTS There were 1420 participants, of whom 49% were female. Main Outcome Measure Cumulative prevalence of DSM-IV depressive disorder at 1 assessment or more during childhood (age range, 9-12 years) and during adolescence (age range, 13-16 years). RESULTS The cumulative prevalence of depression among adolescent girls with LBW was 38.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.3%-66.0%) compared with 8.4% (95% CI, 5.2%-13.3%) among adolescent girls with normal birth weight. Rates among children and adolescent boys did not exceed 4.9%. In adolescence, there was a significant interaction between LBW and sex (odds ratio, 0.2 [95% CI, 0.1-0.5]; P<.001). Low birth weight predicted female adolescent depression after controlling for other perinatal, childhood, and adolescent adversities. Girls with LBW and normal birth weight with no adversities had no adolescent depression, but each additional adversity increased the risk of in girls with LBW more than in girls with normal birth weight. Low birth weight did not predict other psychiatric disorders in either sex. CONCLUSIONS Low birth weight predicts depression in adolescent girls but not boys. Data support fetal programming over the biopsychosocial hypothesis, suggesting vulnerability to adversities in girls with LBW after puberty.
PERSONALITY CORRELATES OF FEAR OF FAILURE VS. NEED ACHIEVEMENT INDIVIDUAL. 1. VALUES SCALES

Abstract : Twenty-two males and thirty females, students in an introductory psychology class, were administered the TAT - Fantasy slides from the Hostile Press (HP) system (Birney et al., 1961, 1962), the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey, S<TUDY OF Values (1960) and the Levinson-Sanford et al. F-Scale (in Adorno, 1950) to test hypothesized values differences between the fear of failure (FF) individual as defined by the HP system, and the need for achievement (n. Ach.) individual as defined by McClelland et al. (1953). Sex interactions were also studied. Forteen of sixteen directional predictions were bourne out for the FF male predicting to these values scales. Results pointed to the similarity of attitudinal patterns between FF males and n. Ach. females. The implications of the findings were discussed and further research proposed. (Author)
Voluntary activation in the triceps brachii at short and long muscle lengths

The aim was of this study was to determine whether voluntary activation calculated using the interpolated twitch technique (ITT) would be underestimated by muscle length–induced changes in the twitch amplitude evoked at rest after maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in the elbow extensors. In 12 healthy men, calculated voluntary activations were compared at short (20° of elbow flexion) and long muscle lengths (120°) using the actual post‐MVC doublet, and the predicted post‐MVC doublet estimated from linear or nonlinear extrapolations. Actual post‐MVC doublet amplitudes were smaller at 20° versus 120°. At 20°, the predicted post‐MVC doublet obtained from nonlinear extrapolation was larger, and voluntary activation values improved by 5–33% at the submaximal voluntary contraction intensities (≤80% of MVC). When voluntary drive is compromised, this method of extrapolation is useful to account for mechanical limitations that blunt the actual post‐MVC doublet, which otherwise leads to underestimation of voluntary activation. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Feature Location in Source Code by Trace-Based Impact Analysis and Information Retrieval

Feature location is to identify source code that implements a given feature. It is essential for software maintenance and evolution. A large amount of research, including static analysis, dynamic analysis and the hybrid approaches, has been done on the feature location problems. The existing approaches either need plenty of scenarios or rely on domain experts heavily. This paper proposes a new approach to locate functional feature in source code by combining the change impact analysis and information retrieval. In this approach, the source code is instrumented and executed using a single scenario to obtain the execution trace. The execution trace is extended according to the control flow to cover all the potentially relevant classes. The classes are ranked by trace-based impact analysis and information retrieval. The ranking analysis takes advantages of the semantics and structural characteristics of source code. The identified results are of higher precision than the individual approaches. Finally, two open source cases have been studied and the efficiency of the proposed approach is verified.
UNUSUAL FORMATIONS OF ERGASTOPLASM IN PAROTID ACINOUS CELLS OF MICE

The ergastoplasm (granular endoplasmic reticulum) of parotid acinous cells of the mouse is described with special emphasis on unusual forms of this membranous system. In the majority of the acinous cells the ergastoplasm appeared in sections to consist of a large number of separate flattened cisternae. In some acinous cells, however, the ergastoplasm was disposed as a very small number of large membranous formations. Although extensive and complicated in form, these latter formations could be seen, from the examination of a single section, to consist of a single expanse of membrane continuous with the nuclear envelope. Certain acinous cells exhibited ergastoplasmic formations which appeared to represent intermediate stages of a fragmentation or metamorphosis of the larger formations toward the more usual form of ergastoplasm. These observations suggest the possibility that the early elaboration of ergastoplasm consists in the production, in relation to the nuclear envelope, of large, complicated membranous formations that subsequently sever their connection with the nuclear envelope and form a large number of separate, or tenuously connected, cisternae. The majority of the large, complicated ergastoplasmic formations were seen in parotid glands of mice that had been starved for 4 days and subsequently fed for a variable number of hours, but some were found in glands that were not subjected to experimental treatment. The tissues studied were prepared for electron microscopic examination by fixation in osmium tetroxide, dehydration in alcohol, imbedding in butyl methacrylate, sectioning with a glass knife, staining with lead hydroxide, and sandwiching with formvar.
The Hierarchical Personality Structure of Aspiring Creative Writers

Empirical studies of personality traits in creative writers have demonstrated mixed findings, perhaps due to issues of sampling, measurement, and the reporting of statistical information. The goal of this study is to quantify the personality structure of aspiring creative writers according to a modern hierarchal model of trait personality. A sample of aspiring writers (n = 93) and nonwriters (n = 114) completed the Big Five inventory. Correlations with personality were carried out at three levels: the Big Five traits, the two higher-order factors (stability and plasticity), and the more detailed facet-level. Consistent with past research, creative writers scored higher on trait openness. Extending past work, the hierarchical analysis also revealed novel correlates for the higher-order meta-traits (stability and plasticity) and some of the lower-order facets (aesthetics, ideas, activity, assertiveness, and depression). Individuals with higher scores on agreeableness, stability, and assertiveness were less likely to be aspiring writers. The likelihood of being a writer also decreased with age. Taken together, these findings indicate that aspiring creative writers differ from nonwriters in trait personality, with differences emerging at all levels of the personality hierarchy.
Glucose-fructose enhances performance versus isocaloric, but not moderate, glucose.

PURPOSE The effects of glucose-and-fructose (GF) coingestion on cycling time trial (TT) performance and physiological responses to exercise were examined under postprandial conditions. METHODS Eight trained male cyclists (age, 25 ± 6 yr; height, 180 ± 4 cm; weight, 77 ± 9 kg; V˙O2max, 62 ± 6 mL·kg·min) completed the study. Subjects ingested either an artificially sweetened placebo (PL), a moderate-glucose beverage (MG, 1.03 g·min), a high-glucose beverage (HG, 1.55 g·min), or a GF beverage (1.55 g·min, 2:1 ratio) during approximately 3 h of exercise, including 2 h of constant-load cycling (55% Wmax, 195 ± 17 W), immediately followed by a computer-simulated 30-km TT. Physiological responses (V˙E, V˙O2, RER, HR, blood glucose level, blood lactate level, and RPE) and incidences of gastrointestinal distress were assessed during early (15-20 min), middle (55-60 min), and late exercise (115-120 min) and during the TT. Magnitude-based qualitative inferences were used to evaluate differences between treatments. RESULTS In comparison with that in PL (52.9 ± 3.7 min), TT performances were faster with GF (50.4 ± 2.2 min, "very likely" benefit), MG (51.1 ± 2.4 min, "likely" benefit), and HG (52.0 ± 3.7 min, "possible" benefit). GF resulted in a "likely" improvement versus HG (3.0%) and an "unclear" effect relative to MG (1.2%). MG was "possibly" beneficial versus HG (1.8%). Few incidences of GI distress were reported in any trials. CONCLUSIONS GF ingestion seems to enhance performance, relative to PL and HG. However, it is unclear whether GF improves performance versus moderate doses of glucose.
Some issues and Instruments for the Assessment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Puerto Rican Children

Found that teachers' ratings of a representative sample of 961 Puerto Rican 5- to 13-year-olds suggested an inordinately high number of students qualifying for a diagnosis of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH) or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There is a need to take into consideration sociocultural issues and the use of appropriate norms in this diagnosis. We describe two instruments that have been standardized for Puerto Rican children, the Inventario de Comportamiento Escolar (the School Behavior Inventory, a teacher rating Scale) and the Gordon Diagnostic System (a laboratory measure of inattention), and we present data and guidelines that could prove useful in assessing and diagnosing ADDH or ADHD in Puerto Rican children.
Thai text topic modeling system for discovering group interests of Facebook young adult users

Facebook is the largest digital social network in the world, and is the most popular social network in Thailand. This paper proposes Thai text topic modeling system that turns Facebook posts into valuable users' group interests. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling, if applied directly on Thai text posts, does not capture well the group interests due to unique characteristics of the data like intentional typo. The main contributions of the paper include the integration of Thai slangs from posts for extracting Thai words, insertion and stop words removal, slang stemming, and applying LDA for seed word acquisition and topic modeling enhancement. The experiments performed on Thai Facebook posts of undergraduate student volunteers at Assumption University was used to demonstrate feature size reduction, model enhancement, and discovery of meaningful group interests.
The Role of Task and Process Conflict in Strategizing

The implementation of strategic initiatives is central to organizational success because it involves not just the execution of strategy, but also the formulation of strategy content. Yet, strategy implementation is complex, partially because it is critically affected by human dynamics. These dynamics are an integral but poorly understood aspect of how organizations negotiate multiple goals. Conflict is one dynamic that has received little attention in the context of strategy implementation. The authors address this gap by studying task and process conflict as a firm implements a strategy in real time. The study demonstrates that process conflict directs attention to problems with how to implement a strategy, while task conflict directs attention to problems with the content of the strategy. Critically, however, managers can only harness generative effects of conflict if they correctly diagnose process and task conflict, and respond to both forms of conflict. This requires an understanding of the entwined nature of task and process conflict, and highlights the necessity of aligning responses to these forms of conflict. Thus, this study offers conflict as one explanatory mechanism of how actors execute strategy and clarify strategy content.
Fostering trust in mentoring relationships: an exploratory study

Purpose – Mentoring has been identified as a key strategy to career development and has been argued to be indispensable for women to advance to positions of power. For mentoring to succeed, it is imperative that mentors trust their proteges. However, recent research has suggested that male mentors trust their male proteges more so than their female proteges. Since women are frequently mentored by men, it is imperative that they gain the same level of trust as their male peers enjoy. According to an established model of trust, trust is shaped by the mentor's perceptions of protege ability, benevolence and integrity, as well as perceptions of the risk inherent to mentoring. This exploratory research aims to examine what influences these perceptions to shed light on how proteges can gain the trust of their mentors.Design/methodology/approach – Because little research has been conducted in this area, an exploratory qualitative design was chosen. Mayer, Davis and Schoorman's model of organizational trust is us.
The Cultural Historical Complexity of Human Personality Adaptation

Research on implicit intelligence has conceptualized students’ beliefs about the nature of intelligence as either fixed or malleable. This research has largely not included African American adolescents, a group for whom beliefs about intelligence have a cultural historical complexity related to both scientific racism and master narratives of race and intelligence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of implicit theories of intelligence for 63 African American adolescents who are seventh and eighth graders in a public charter school. The two-way ANOVA revealed that these adolescents held a malleable view of intelligence, which did not vary by gender or grade. Exploratory correlation analysis showed some consistent relationships with achievement motivation variables found in other studies. These findings may be explained by African American cultural values and the personality characteristic adaptations that they make living within a racialized society.
B ASYNCHRONOUS OVIDUCTAL SEASONAL VARIATION IN THE UNISEXUAL-BISEXUAL NACTUS PELAGICUS COMPLEX FROM THE VANUATU ARCHIPELAGO ( REPTILIA : SQUAMATA : GEKKONIDAE )

The South Pacific Nactus pelagicus complex (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae) consists of several genetically distinct but morphologically conserved lineages of N. multicarinatus, and a unisexual lineage, N. pelagicus, which is a hybrid of two N. multicarinatus lineages. A few discrete morphological differences occur between lineages of the N. pelagicus complex, but that is all that is known regarding this complex. This complex has been poorly studied and little is known about the general biology and ecology of N. pelagicus and N. multicarinatus. We analyzed the reproductive morphology using histochemistry in populations of N. multicarinatus and N. pelagicus from the Vanuatu Archipelago in the South Pacific, the only series of islands where the two species overlap, in order to determine if interspecific differences in reproductive patterns exist and to gather additional knowledge regarding the reproductive ecology of these species. Our findings indicate that both species carry one clutch during the dry season, however there is temporal variation in reproductive activity, with N. pelagicus ∗ Corresponding Author: Email: eckstutm@unlv.nevada. edu, School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA Mallory E. Eckstut, Alison M. Hamilton, Christopher C. Austin et al. 296 exhibiting particular histochemical states one and a half to two months prior to N. multicarinatus. Furthermore, we found that N. multicarinatus, the bisexual lineage, does not store sperm with eggs in utero, which has only been observed in one other species of lizard (a skink). These previously unrecognized differences in Nactus reproduction provide a foundation for further study of the evolutionary transition to unisexual reproduction and supply additional data on the ecology of this poorly studied gecko complex.
No Lloro Pero me Acuerdo: Hidden Voices in a Psychological Model

Research on loss of land for Northern New Mexican Hispanos and clinical work with La Raza populations indicated a connection between past and present historical and psychological issues, motivating the development of the multidimensional model of Hispano attachment to and loss of land. The model, however, did not entirely capture the abuse leveled on Hispanos and lacked inclusion of similar experiences among other La Raza populations. This article exposes events embedded in the model—patterns, voices, and coping strategies—that provide a glimpse of more than 400 years of collective historical trauma sustained by La Raza and that is based on a Manifest Destiny colonization, beginning with the conquest of Mexico and running to current racial profiling. It also describes the evolution of the model to include the overarching La Raza population.