Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Humanoid integrated UI system for supervised autonomy with massive data visualization over narrow and unreliable network communication for DRC competition

This paper presents a high level system architecture of the work done by Team NEDO-JSK for DRC (DARPA Robotics Challenge), which was held on 5th-6th, June, 2015, California, USA. DRC was a competition which included driving vehicle, manipulating objects and locomotion over rough terrain. Communication between robot and operators were limited in a similar way to teleoperating situation. The system introduced in this paper was strongly motivated by DRC competition, however system architecture is useful for generic teleoperating tasks. User interface and sensor visualization is the central element of our teleoperating system and operators' performance greatly depends on them. The goal of our system is to provide system to operate robot with less effort of operators and to be able to handle unexpected situation. The key features of the system are: 1) supervised system architecture based on simple command from operators. 2) low-level sensor visualization and high-level teleoperating user interface capable to deal with emergencies. 3) system integration over unreliable and narrow network. This paper summarizes our technical approach and implementation focusing on communication over narrow and unreliable network and user interface for operators. As evaluation of our system, this paper summarizes actual performance through DRC competition.
Rap and Technology Teach the Art of Argument.

How can teachers integrate rap and technology strategies to teach students with learning disabilities the art of persuasive argument writing? This teacher research study presents creative new approaches for teaching argument writing. Strategies used in the study helped college freshmen with learning disabilities (LD) succeed in developing persuasive argument writing skills. Key strategies used in the study were: The Argument Rap, The Rap Protocol, A Multimodal Technology Approach, A Peer Observation Feedback Strategy, and Argument Prompts. Each strategy was aligned with The Common Core State Standards (see Introduction, this issue). Results of the study indicate that these strategies were effective in helping first year college students with LD develop successful argument writing skills. Results suggest that the strategies could be adapted to teach secondary students with LD the skills of effective argument writing. Results also suggest that some of the strategies could be modified to teach middle grade students how to write effective opinion essays.
Celebrity Philanthropy in China: Reconfiguring Government and Non-Government Roles in National Development

Abstract This article provides the first comprehensive analysis of the development of, and public responses to, celebrity-fronted philanthropy in the People's Republic of China. It explores the extent and nature of celebrity philanthropy with reference to a sample of mainland Chinese celebrities in entertainment and sports. It then draws on interviews conducted with employees of large charities to examine the kinds of links that are being forged between China's not-for-profit sector and commercial organizations managing the work of celebrities. Finally, it analyses the responses to a national survey on celebrity and philanthropy. We conclude that the relationship between China's government, not-for-profit and celebrity sectors is becoming more professionalized and organized. This development reveals how the roles and capacities of government are being reconfigured and expanded, even as it also enhances the scope for action and the influence of new social actors and organizations to address government-led national development issues. 摘要 本文首次对中国名人慈善的公众响应进行了系统分析。 论文以大陆文体明星为样本，探讨了名人慈善的发展和属性。 随后，基于对大型慈善机构员工的访谈，论文对中国的非营利部门和管理名人慈善工作的商业机构之间的联系进行了分类。 最后，对一项关于名人和慈善的全国调查的结果进行了分析。 结论认为，中国政府、非营利部门和名人之间的关系越来越专业化和组织化。 这一发展揭示了政府的角色和能力是如何被再塑造和扩大的，同时它也增强了新的社会行动者和组织在解决政府主导的国家发展问题方面的活动范围及影响。
Peptide hormones in plants.

In recent years, numerous biochemical and genetic studies have demonstrated that peptide signaling plays a greater than anticipated role in various aspects of plant growth and development. A substantial proportion of these peptides are secretory and act as local signals mediating cell-to-cell communication. Specific receptors for several peptides were identified as being membrane-localized receptor kinases, the largest family of receptor-like molecules in plants. These findings illustrate the importance of peptide signaling in the regulation of plant growth, functions that were previously ascribed to the combined action of small lipophilic compounds referred to as "traditional plant hormones. " Here, we outline recent advances in the current understanding of biologically active peptides in plants, currently regarded as a new class of plant hormones.
Nature as a source of metabolites with cholinesterase‐inhibitory activity: an approach to Alzheimer's disease treatment

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, being responsible for high healthcare costs and familial hardships. Despite the efforts of researchers, no treatment able to delay or stop AD progress exists. Currently, the available treatments are only symptomatic, cholinesterase inhibitors being the most widely used drugs. Here we describe several natural compounds with anticholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) activity and also some synthetic compounds whose structures are based on those of natural compounds.
Induction of vitellogenin mRNA in juvenile chinese sturgeon (acipenser sinensis gray) treated with 17β‐estradiol and 4‐nonylphenol

It has been demonstrated that 4‐nonylphenol (4‐NP) exerts estrogenic effects in diverse fishes. The present study investigated the effects of 4‐NP on Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Gray) vitellogenin (VTG) gene expression. By reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) using degenerate primers, a 462‐base pair fragment of Chinese sturgeon VTG. corresponding to a 154‐amino acid sequence, was amplified and sequenced. This sequence exhibited 152/154 identity to the amino acid sequence of white sturgeon (A. transmontano) VTG. Conventional RT‐PCR and quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR were established and used to study the VTG and β‐actin gene expression in the liver of juvenile Chinese sturgeon injected three times with 17β‐estradiol (5 mg/kg body wt/week) or 4‐NP (10 or 100 mg/kg/week) in the course of three weeks. Significant induction of VTG gene expression was detected in all treated groups, and no VTG mRNA was detected in the control group. The ratio of VTG to β‐actin analyzed from the results of quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR reached 0.041 ± 0.024 (mean ± SD) in the group receiving 10 mg/kg/week of 4‐NP and 4.51 ± 1.68 in the group receiving 100 mg/kg/week of 4‐NP. Chemical analysis of 4‐NP showed that the concentrations of 4‐NP in the 10 mg/kg/week group and the 100 mg/kg/week group were 2.78 ± 2.41 and 31.38 ± 0.26 μg/g wet weight, respectively. Compared with the 4‐NP concentrations (0.8–1.92 μg/g wet wt) in fish from the Yangtze River, China, a potential hazard exists regarding 4‐NP in Chinese sturgeon. These results represent the first indication of the risk of endocrine‐disrupting chemicals for Chinese sturgeon.
A 600 GHz low-noise amplifier module

A compact WR-1.5 (500-750 GHz) low-noise amplifier (LNA) circuit has been developed, based on a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) technology utilizing 20 nm metamorphic high electron mobility transistors (mHEMTs). The realized six-stage LNA TMIC achieved a maximum gain of 15.4 dB at 576 GHz and more than 10 dB in the frequency range from 555 to 619 GHz. For low-loss packaging of the circuit, a waveguide-to-microstrip transition has been fabricated on a 20 ¼m thick GaAs substrate, demonstrating an insertion loss of only 1 dB between 500 and 720 GHz. The realized LNA module achieved a small-signal gain of 14.1 dB at 600 GHz and a room temperature (T = 293 K) noise figure of 15 dB at the frequency of operation.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Functional Cooperation of RKTG with p 53 in Tumorigenesis and Epithelial – Mesenchymal Transition

Raf kinase trapping to Golgi (RKTG) is a potential tumor suppressor gene due to its negative roles in regulating Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK (extracellular signal–regulated kinase) pathway and GPCR (G protein–coupled receptor) Gbg subunit signaling. Interestingly, RKTG-deficient mice are free of tumors, although they are prone to form skin cancer on carcinogen administration. On the other hand, p53 is a well-characterized tumor suppressor gene and p53 heterozygous mice develop sarcoma and other tumors starting from 12 months of age. In RKTG-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts, lypophosphatidic acid (LPA), but not EGF (epidermal growth factor), could stimulate hyperphosphorylation of AKT and GSK3b, accompanied by increases in phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and accumulation of p53, as well as its target genes p21 and p16. Spontaneous skin cancer–like tumors were detected in about 25% of RKTG nullizygous and p53 heterozygous mice within 7 months of age. Hyperplasia and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were observed in the tumor-overlying epidermis, in which LOH of p53 occurred and EMT features emerged. In p53-mutated A431 epithelial carcinoma cells, knockdown of RKTG led to enhancement of LPA-stimulated AKT and GSK3b phosphorylation, together with increased accumulation of b-catenin and appearance of EMT features that were antagonized by p53 overexpression. In HepG2 epithelial cells, LPA-stimulated AKT phosphorylation and EMT features reached maximum when both RKTG and p53 were simultaneously silenced. In summary, these results not only indicate that RKTG has an in vivo tumor suppressor function to cooperate with p53 in tumorigenesis but also suggest that p53 has an EMT checkpoint function and the loss of this function can combine with loss of RKTG to drive EMT and tumor progression. Cancer Res; 71(8); 2959–68. 2011 AACR.
GANP Regulates the Choice of DNA Repair Pathway by DNA-PKcs Interaction in AID-Dependent IgV Region Diversification

RNA export factor germinal center–associated nuclear protein (GANP) interacts with activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) and shepherds it from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and toward the IgV region loci in B cells. In this study, we demonstrate a role for GANP in the repair of AID-initiated DNA damage in chicken DT40 B cells to generate IgV region diversity by gene conversion and somatic hypermutation. GANP plays a positive role in IgV region diversification of DT40 B cells in a nonhomologous end joining–proficient state. DNA-PKcs physically interacts with GANP, and this interaction is dissociated by dsDNA breaks induced by a topoisomerase II inhibitor, etoposide, or AID overexpression. GANP affects the choice of DNA repair mechanism in B cells toward homologous recombination rather than nonhomologous end joining repair. Thus, GANP presumably plays a critical role in protection of the rearranged IgV loci by favoring homologous recombination of the DNA breaks under accelerated AID recruitment.
What are We Talking About When We Discuss Digital Protectionism?

For almost a decade, executives, scholars, and trade diplomats have argued that filtering, censorship, localization requirements and domestic regulations are distorting the cross-border information flows that underpin the internet. Herein I make 5 points about digital protectionism. 1. Digital protectionism differs from protectionism of goods and other services because trade in information is different from trade in goods and other services. Information is intangible, highly tradable, and some information is a public good which governments must provide and regulate effectively. 2. It will not be easy to set international rules to limit digital protectionism without a shared set of norms and definitions. However, we can only obtain greater clarity with trade disputes and clearer trade rules. 3. The US, EU, and Canada have labeled other countries policies’ protectionist, yet their arguments and actions sometimes appear hypocritical. 4. China allegedly has used a wide range of cyber-strategies including distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks (bombarding a web site with service requests) to censor information flows and impede online market access beyond its borders. WTO members have yet to discuss this issue and the threat it poses to trade norms and rules. 5. Digital protectionism may be self-defeating. Governments that adopt digital protectionist strategies could experience unanticipated side effects, including reduced access to information, internet stability, and generativity. Digital protectionism may also undermine human rights and scientific progress. Recommendations — Policymakers Should: 1. Ask the WTO Secretariat to examine whether domestic policies that restrict information (short of exceptions for national security, privacy, and public morals) constitute barriers to cross-border information flows that could be challenged in a trade dispute. 2. Convene a study group at the WTO to examine the trade implications of governmental use of malware or DDoS attacks to improve the competitiveness of their firms or censor the internet in other countries. These tactics should be banned, although the WTO may not be the best forum for discussion of these problems. 3. During each WTO member state’s trade policy review process, the members of the WTO should monitor how each member’s rules governing information flows potentially distort trade. 4. Propose and negotiate an international agreement that defines and limits digital protectionism and delineates clear and limited exceptions.
The Globoseries Glycosphingolipid Sialosyl Galactosyl Globoside Is Found in Urinary Tract Tissues and Is a Preferred Binding Receptor In Vitro for Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Expressing pap-Encoded Adhesins

ABSTRACT Women with a history of recurrent Escherichia coliurinary tract infections (UTIs) are significantly more likely to be nonsecretors of blood group antigens than are women without such a history, and vaginal epithelial cells (VEC) from women who are nonsecretors show enhanced adherence of uropathogenic E. coli isolates compared with cells from secretors. We previously extracted glycosphingolipids (GSLs) from native VEC and determined that nonsecretors (but not secretors) selectively express two extended globoseries GSLs, sialosyl galactosyl globoside (SGG) and disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), which specifically bound uropathogenicE. coli R45 expressing a P adhesin. In this study, we demonstrated, by purifying the compounds from this source, that SGG and DSGG are expressed in human kidney tissue. We also demonstrated that SGG and DSGG isolated from human kidneys bind uropathogenic E. coli isolates expressing each of the three classes ofpap-encoded adhesins, including cloned isolates expressing PapG from J96, PrsG from J96, and PapG from IA2, and the wild-type isolates IA2 and R45. We metabolically 35S labeled these five E. coli isolates and measured their relative binding affinities to serial dilutions of SGG and DSGG as well as to globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4), two other globoseries GSLs present in urogenital tissues. Each of the five E. coli isolates bound to SGG with the highest apparent avidity compared with their binding to DSGG, Gb3, and Gb4, and each isolate had a unique pattern of GSL binding affinity. These studies further suggest that SGG likely plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UTI and that its presence may account for the increased binding of E. colito uroepithelial cells from nonsecretors and for the increased susceptibility of nonsecretors to recurrent UTI.
Current problems in screening, diagnosis and treatment of polyomavirus BK nephropathy

Polyomavirus BK nephropathy (BKVN) is an important infectious complication in kidney transplantation. Since graft survival in patients with BKVN is poor, current clinical practice focuses on screening for viral replication, and pre‐emptive reduction of immunosuppression in viraemic patients. Urinary cytology, nucleic acid testing of urine and/or plasma, and viral‐specific staining of biopsy specimens are necessary for diagnosis. Infected tubular cells show intranuclear inclusions, lysis or necrosis, and shedding into the tubular lumen. But such light microscopy findings are quite focally observed in many cases, and varying degrees of tubulointerstitial inflammation mimicking T‐cell‐mediated acute rejection make accurate diagnosis difficult. There is a histological classification of BKVN originally reported by the University of Maryland in 2001, and modified by American Society of Transplantation Infectious Disease Community of Practice, which focuses on interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Another classification was proposed by the Banff Working Group in 2009 (Banff Working Proposal), which focuses on acute tubular injury instead of interstitial inflammation. The usefulness of the Banff Working Proposal is now under consideration with a multicenter study being conducted, but it has not yet reached a clear conclusion. In this review, the current screening strategies for the replication of BK virus, difficulties with diagnosis, histopathological classifications, treatments, and prognostic factors of BKVN are discussed.
Retrieval Attempts Transiently Interfere with Concurrent Encoding of Episodic Memories But Not Vice Versa

In the rodent hippocampus, different phases of each theta activity cycle may be devoted to encoding and retrieval processes. These cycles of ∼3–8 Hz would allow equal processing time for each state and also provide temporal segregation to minimize their mutual interference. We show here that, by controlling the presentation asynchrony between verbal encoding and retrieval cues, theta-resolution (<100 ms) interference-free shifts between functional states are not expressed in hippocampally dependent, human “episodic” memory. Instead, retrieval attempts selectively and transiently interfere, for ∼450 ms, with the encoding of ongoing experiences. Analyses of scalp event-related potentials confirmed that the functional state of the brain during retrieval is largely unperturbed by concurrent encoding and also suggested that encoding impairments may last until a neocortical phase of retrieval can begin. The findings reveal the dynamic properties of interdependent encoding and retrieval functions that contribute to episodic memory in vivo and, moreover, show that, in humans, this form of memory does not operate with either the equality, or the rapidity, intrinsic to the theta model of rodent hippocampal function.
Learning effect when using the Danish Hagerman sentences (Dantale II) to determine speech reception threshold

The objective of the present study was to examine the learning effect found when using the Danish sentence test, Dantale II, in our daily clinical work. Specifically, the aim was to determine the within-visit and the inter-visit learning effects when the Dantale II is presented to aided hearing-impaired listeners who have not previously completed the task. Nineteen subjects participated in the study. The within-visit learning effect after listening to 160 sentences was found to be 3.2 dB, and the inter-visit learning effect was 1.6 dB with an inter-visit period range of 14–43 days. For research evaluation of algorithms or hearing aid settings, where the differences are expected to be small, it is recommended that a pool of test subjects are regularly tested using the Dantale II speech material. Moreover, a limitation of the number of signal processing test conditions is suggested.
The DNA-binding domain of two bZIP transcription factors, the Epstein-Barr virus switch gene product EB1 and Jun, is a bipartite nuclear targeting sequence

The Epstein-Barr virus BZLF1 gene product EB1 (also called ZEBRA and Zta), is a transcription factor belonging to the bZIP (basic domain leucine zipper) family of nuclear proteins. Translocation to the nucleus of EB1 (J. Becker, U. Leser, M. Marschall, A. Langford, W. Jilg, H. Gelderblom, P. Reichart, and H. Wolf, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:8332-8336, 1991) and of two other bZIP proteins, c-Jun and c-Fos (P. Roux, J.-M. Blanchard, A. Fernandez, N. Lamb, P. Jeanteur, and M. Piechaczyk, Cell 63:341-351, 1990), has been shown to be subject to regulation. We show here that for both EB1 and Jun the nuclear targeting signals (NTS) in the proteins' primary sequences are two clusters of positively charged amino acids. These clusters, called BRA and BRB, are necessary and sufficient to direct beta-galactosidase to the nuclear compartment and act as a bipartite NTS. They are conserved among all the bZIP proteins, and although they are not identical, they probably share the same function. Site-directed mutagenesis studies made on these basic clusters suggest that they also act as a bipartite NTS in the EB1 protein. Our results also demonstrate that in EB1 and Jun, these bipartite NTS are superimposed with bipartite DNA-binding domains, since BRA and BRB are required in vitro for direct and specific contact between these proteins and their DNA-binding sites.
Modélisation de la dynamique de population d une plante native (palmier babaçu) dans le cadre d'un projet de gestion durable au Brésil. (Modeling population dynamics of native plant (babassu palm tree) as part of a sustainable management project in Brazil)

Le palmier babacu (Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng.) est une plante native de la foret amazonienne. La deforestation a pour impact qu'il apparait dans des milieux ouverts desormais anthropises (pâturages, et champs cultives). Le babacu fait partie des ressources " extractivistes " du Bresil : activite de cueillette suivie de commercialisation de produits non ligneux. Cette activite concerne des personnes parmi les plus demunies du pays d'ou l'importance de gerer au mieux sa durabilite dans un contexte conflictuel. Force est de constater que les connaissances du fonctionnement durable de l'espece au sein de ces milieux anthropises font cruellement defaut: son cycle de vie est peu connu et sa dynamique de population non etudiee.Le travail de these est donc pionnier et s'inscrit au sein d'un projet interdisciplinaire Open Science de la fondation Agropolis. L'objectif est double : il consiste a produire un modele de la dynamique de population du babacu valide par une analyse in situ et a capitaliser les connaissances issues de divers milieux scientifiques (biologistes, ecologues, mathematiciens, informaticiens et economistes francais et bresiliens). Le modele, a plus long terme, doit etayer les recommandations relatives a la gestion durable de l'espece.L'approche retenue a consiste a expliciter au sein de divers modeles, les connaissances partagees sur l'espece et les modeles mathematiques potentiels ainsi que sur le contexte societal. Ceci nous a permis de proposer un modele d'observation conforme aux preconisations d'OBOE (Ontologie relative a la semantique des observations scientifiques) permettant la mise en place du protocole d'acquisition des donnees. L'acquisition in situ a ete realisee par le partenariat franco-bresilien entre 2013 et 2016 au sein du territoire de la communaute de Benfica (Para, Bresil). La perennisation des donnees s'est faite apres conception, au sein d'une base de donnees spatiales prenant en compte l'aspect socio-economique.Enfin, nous proposons un modele matriciel aleatoire ayant pour entree des variables agregees au niveau des stades biologiques de l'espece. Les probabilites de la matrice de transition entre les stades sont modelisees selon un modele hierarchique Dirichlet-Multinomial. L'integration des informations a priori a ete formalisee grâce a une approche bayesienne. L'estimation et la validation du modele ont ete effectuees avec des criteres bayesiens.Des simulations basees sur les parametres estimes constituent une premiere ebauche d'etude du comportement de l'espece.