Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inheritance and alteration of genome methylation in F1 hybrid rice

We analyzed the inheritance of DNA methylation in the first filial generation(F1) hybrid of Oryza sativa L. (“Nipponbare”×“Kasalath”) by restriction landmark genome scanning (RLGS). Most parental RLGS spots were found in the F1, but eight spots (4%) showed abnormal inheritance: seven of the eight spots were missing in the F1, and one was newly detected in the F1. Here we show demethylation at restriction enzyme sites in the F1. We also found a candidate site of stable heterozygous methylation in the genome. These results show the applicability of the RLGS method for analysis of the inheritance and alteration of methylation in F1 hybrid plants.
Comparing Tag Clouds, Term Histograms, and Term Lists for Enhancing Personalized Web Search

Although static ranked lists remain the dominant Web search interface, they can limit the ability of Web searchers to find desired information when it is buried deep in the collection of search results. Web search visualization and Web search personalization are two active research directions that have shown promise for improving the user experience while searching the Web. In this paper, we propose three methods for visually representing information available within a personalized Web search system: tag clouds, term histograms, and term lists. These approaches not only describe the personalization model to the searcher, but also support interactive re-ranking of the search results. While preliminary evaluations did not find improvements beyond what was achieved with the personalization system, measures of subjective reactions showed an increased satisfaction in the search results. These results indicate that visual and interactive methods can be valuable for providing searchers with a sense of awareness and control during the search process.
A U NIFIED A PPROACH ON R ECOMMENDATIONS IN S OCIAL T AGGING

Social Tagging System is the process where user (u) makes their interest by tagging (t) on a particular item (i). These STS are in associated with web 2.0 and has been sourceful information for the users. It provides different types of recommendation in contrast to the current recommendation algorithm, Collaborative Filtering (CF) which apply to two – dimensional data. These data are modeled by a 3-order tensor, on which multiway latent semantic analysis and dimensionality reduction is performed using both the Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD) method and the Kernel-SVD smoothing technique. We provide the 4-order tensor approach, which we named as Tensor Reduction. In particular, the tensor equivalently represents a quadruplet. And also can improve the social tagging efficiency by which unwanted request has been controlled. The results show significant improvements in terms of effectiveness.
Optimal Scheduling of Cooperative Tasks in a Distributed System Using an Enumerative Method

Preemptive (resume) scheduling of cooperative tasks that have been preassigned to a set of processing nodes in a distributed system, when each task is assumed to consist of several modules is discussed. During the course of their execution, the tasks communicate with each other to collectively accomplish a common goal. Such intertask communications lead to precedence constraints between the modules of different tasks. The objective of this scheduling is to minimize the maximum normalized task response time, called the system hazard. Real-time tasks and the precedence constraints among them are expressed in a PERT/CPM form with activity on arc (AOA), called the task graph (TG), in which the dominance relationship between simultaneously schedulable modules is derived and used to reduce the size of the set of active schedules to be searched for an optimal schedule. Lower-bound costs are estimated, and are used to bound the search. An example of the task scheduling problem and some computational experiences are presented. >
Observer path design by imitation of competing constraints for bearing only tracking

In the bearing only tracking (BOT) problem the observer tries to estimate the position of the target. The observer maneuver is a requirement to guarantee the uniqueness of the estimation. Determining an observer maneuver for BOT is a difficult problem due to its nonlinear nature. This paper proposes a new method that combines the reference BOT scenarios as a priori knowledge with the incoming bearing measurements to obtain an observer maneuver in a generic optimization framework. The use of a priori knowledge makes the observer maneuver design more realistic. The maneuver recommendation process uses the imitation of competing constraints. In this paper, an approach called programming by demonstration is used to recommend a maneuver to the observer. Simulations show that a programming by demonstration framework manages the constraints successfully and generates realistic observer maneuvers.
Knowledge and Implicit Knowledge in a Distributed Environment: Preliminary Report

We characterize the states of knowledge that are attainable in distributed systems, where communication is done by unreliable message exchange. The reason that certain states of knowledge are unattainable is a conservation principle which says that information about "nature" that can be obtained by combining all of the knowledge of the members of a closed system is preserved. We axiomatize the class of formulas in the propositional modal logic of knowledge that are valid in attainable knowledge states, and we determine the complexity of the decision problem.
Les concepts spatiaux dans la programmation du go

Le niveau faible des programmes de go n'est pas seulement du a la complexite combinatoire du go, mais aussi a la difficulte de construire une fonction d'evaluation adequate et complete d'une position. Cet article presente les nombreux concepts spatiaux que fait intervenir une fonction d'evaluation au go; les principaux sont le regroupement, le fractionnement, l'encerclement, l'agregation. La programmation go est une excellente illustration des theories du raisonnement spatial en raison de cette richesse conceptuelle. Pour chaque concept spatial, les outils mathematiques utilises pour les simuler sur machine (morphologie mathematique, topologie, distance de Hausdorff, raisonnement spatial qualitatif) sont presentes. Cet article s'appuie sur une demarche experimentale, basee sur une validation informatique, qui a produit le programme Indigo classe sur l'echelle internationale des programmes de go.
Automatic Reconstruction of 3D Human Face from CT and Color Photographs

This paper proposes an automatic method for reconstructing a realistic 3D facial image from CT (computer tomography) and three color photographs: front, left and right views, which can be linked easily with the underlying bone and soft tissue models. This work is done as a part of surgery simulation. The 3D facial surface derived from CT by the m,arching cubes algorithm is obviously colorless. Our task is to add the color texture of the same patient actually taken with a digital camera to the colorless 3D surface. To do this it needs an accurate registration between the 3D facial image and the color ph~t~ograph. Our approach is to set up a virtual camera around the 3D facial surface to register the virtual camera images with the corresponding color photographs by automatically adjusting seven parameters of the virtual camera. The camera parameters consists of three rotations, three translations and one scale factor. The registration algorithm has been developed based upon Besl and McKay's iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. Successful experiments on three persons have been carried out.
High-Resolution Mid-Infrared Imaging of G339.88–1.26

G339.88-1.26 is considered to be a good candidate for a massive star with a circumstellar disk. This has been supported by the observations of linearly distributed methanol maser spots believed to delineate this disk and mid-infrared observations that have discovered a source at this location that is elongated at the same position angle as the methanol maser distribution. We used the mid-infrared imager/spectrometer OSCIR at Keck Observatory to make high-resolution images of G339.88-1.26. We resolve the mid-infrared emission into three sources within 1. ″5 of the location of the masers. We determine that the methanol masers are most likely not located in a circumstellar disk. Furthermore, we find that the observed radio continuum emission most likely comes from two sources in close proximity to each other. One source is an unobscured massive star with an extended H II region that is responsible for the peak in the radio continuum emission. A second source is embedded and centered on the elongation in the radio continuum emission that is believed to be tracing an outflow in this region.
Dynamic studies of fibre Bragg gratings

The dynamic performance of standard fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) is assessed. The interrogating system used for all the reported measurements was an all fibre optic Mach Zehnder interferometer which generated a fade free optical carrier to enable heterodyne processing to be exploited. The carrier frequency was selected for specific experimental configurations used to test the FBG performance; the carrier frequencies were in the range 5 kHz to 2 MHz. To assess the minimum detectable low frequency dynamic strain the grating was fixed between two points and subjected to a displacement corresponding to 1g over a frequency range of 100Hz to 1 kHz. The Strain resolution throughout the frequency range was ≥ 10-2 με. Experiments were performed to measure the spectra of FBGs subject to high frequency strains where the FBG is wrapped under tension on a PZT and modulated at frequencies up to 100 kHz; the optical carrier frequencies used were 1 and 2 MHz. A new approach for measuring large strains at low frequencies and high resolution is demonstrated by comparing the relative phase of a FBG subject to increasing strain to a reference FBG held under constant environmental conditions; resolutions of ~0.5 με were achieved.
Signal Denoising via Learning of Non-Linear Manifolds

A signal denoising method based on non-linear manifold learning was implemented. This method is applicable for a wide range of noise types. It improves with training and may be optimized for different signal types. Experiments were performed on images with Gaussian noise (Fig. 1.1) and with a superimposed image (Fig. 1.2). Figure 1: Denoised images. (1) Gaussian noise and (2) superimposed image. The figures illustrate: (a) the original image, (b) denoised image, (c) noisy test image and (d) noisy training image (another, clean, version of the training image was used). Introduction The method at hand assumes that the noise preserves the local geometry of the signal in feature space. Thus, denoising a signal amounts to inverting the global transformation induced by the noise. This inverse transformation is learned from a set of clean and noisy training signals. The learning process requires the embedding of one feature space into another. Such embedding may be done via dimensionality reduction methods.
Automatic parameter recommendation for practical API usage

Programmers extensively use application programming interfaces (APIs) to leverage existing libraries and frameworks. However, correctly and efficiently choosing and using APIs from unfamiliar libraries and frameworks is still a non-trivial task. Programmers often need to ruminate on API documentations (that are often incomplete) or inspect code examples (that are often absent) to learn API usage patterns. Recently, various techniques have been proposed to alleviate this problem by creating API summarizations, mining code examples, or showing common API call sequences. However, few techniques focus on recommending API parameters. In this paper, we propose an automated technique, called Precise, to address this problem. Differing from common code completion systems, Precise mines existing code bases, uses an abstract usage instance representation for each API usage example, and then builds a parameter usage database. Upon a request, Precise queries the database for abstract usage instances in similar contexts and generates parameter candidates by concretizing the instances adaptively. The experimental results show that our technique is more general and applicable than existing code completion systems, specially, 64% of the parameter recommendations are useful and 53% of the recommendations are exactly the same as the actual parameters needed. We have also performed a user study to show our technique is useful in practice.
Ultrasonic Echolucent Carotid Plaques Predict Future Strokes

Background—We tested prospectively the hypothesis that stroke development can be predicted by echolucency of carotid atherosclerotic plaques in previously symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Methods and Results—We followed incidence of ipsilateral ischemic strokes for 4.4 years in 111 asymptomatic and 135 symptomatic patients with ≥50% relevant carotid artery stenosis. At inclusion, echogenicity of carotid plaques and degree of stenosis were evaluated with high-resolution B-mode ultrasound with computer-assisted image processing and Doppler ultrasound, respectively. We observed 44 ipsilateral ischemic strokes. In symptomatic patients, relative risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke for echolucent versus echorich plaques was 3.1 (95% CI, 1.3 to 7.3), whereas for 80% to 99% versus 50% to 79% stenosis, the relative risk was 1.4 (95% CI, 0.7 to 3.0). Relative to symptomatic patients with echorich 50% to 79% stenotic plaques, those with echorich 80% to 99% stenotic plaques, echolucent 50% to 79% stenotic plaques, and echolucent 80% to 99% stenotic plaques had relative risks of ipsilateral ischemic strokes of 3.1 (95%CI, 0.7 to 14), 4.2 (95% CI, 1.2 to 15), and 7.9 (95% CI, 2.1 to 30), equivalent to absolute risk increases of 11%, 18%, and 28%. This was not observed in previously asymptomatic patients. Conclusions—Echolucent plaques causing ≥50% diameter stenosis by Doppler ultrasound are associated with risk of future stroke in symptomatic but not asymptomatic individuals. This suggests that measurement of echolucency, together with degree of stenosis, may improve selection of patients for carotid endarterectomy.
Evidence for the validity of a sleep habits survey for adolescents.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To examine the validity of self-reported survey estimates of sleep patterns in adolescents through a comparison of retrospective survey descriptions of usual school- and weekend-night sleep habits with diary-reported sleep patterns and actigraphically estimated sleep behaviors over a subsequent week. DESIGN AND SETTING High school students completed a Sleep Habits Survey about the previous 2 weeks and then wore an actigraph (AMI, Ardsley, NY) for 8 days while keeping a daily sleep diary. Matched-pair t tests assessed average differences between survey and diary reports and between survey and actigraph estimates. Pearson correlations assessed the extent to which survey reports were in agreement with diary reports and actigraphy estimates. PARTICIPANTS 302 high school students (196 girls, 106 boys) in grades 9-12 from five high schools. RESULTS School-night survey total sleep times and wake times did not differ from sleep amounts reported in the diary or estimated by actigraphy; survey bedtimes were slightly earlier. On weekends, survey total sleep times and wake times were longer and later, respectively, than estimated with actigraphy and reported on diaries. Moreover, school- and weekend-night survey variables were significantly correlated both with diary and actigraphy variables. Strengths of the associations were consistently greater for school-night variables than the corresponding weekend-night variables. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the validity of the Sleep Habits Survey estimates in comparison with diary and actigraphy. Strengths and limitations for survey measures of high school students' usual sleep/wake patterns are discussed.
Needles in the EST Haystack: Large-Scale Identification and Analysis of Excretory-Secretory (ES) Proteins in Parasitic Nematodes Using Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs)

Background Parasitic nematodes of humans, other animals and plants continue to impose a significant public health and economic burden worldwide, due to the diseases they cause. Promising antiparasitic drug and vaccine candidates have been discovered from excreted or secreted (ES) proteins released from the parasite and exposed to the immune system of the host. Mining the entire expressed sequence tag (EST) data available from parasitic nematodes represents an approach to discover such ES targets. Methods and Findings In this study, we predicted, using EST2Secretome, a novel, high-throughput, computational workflow system, 4,710 ES proteins from 452,134 ESTs derived from 39 different species of nematodes, parasitic in animals (including humans) or plants. In total, 2,632, 786, and 1,292 ES proteins were predicted for animal-, human-, and plant-parasitic nematodes. Subsequently, we systematically analysed ES proteins using computational methods. Of these 4,710 proteins, 2,490 (52.8%) had orthologues in Caenorhabditis elegans, whereas 621 (13.8%) appeared to be novel, currently having no significant match to any molecule available in public databases. Of the C. elegans homologues, 267 had strong “loss-of-function” phenotypes by RNA interference (RNAi) in this nematode. We could functionally classify 1,948 (41.3%) sequences using the Gene Ontology (GO) terms, establish pathway associations for 573 (12.2%) sequences using Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and identify protein interaction partners for 1,774 (37.6%) molecules. We also mapped 758 (16.1%) proteins to protein domains including the nematode-specific protein family “transthyretin-like” and “chromadorea ALT,” considered as vaccine candidates against filariasis in humans. Conclusions We report the large-scale analysis of ES proteins inferred from EST data for a range of parasitic nematodes. This set of ES proteins provides an inventory of known and novel members of ES proteins as a foundation for studies focused on understanding the biology of parasitic nematodes and their interactions with their hosts, as well as for the development of novel drugs or vaccines for parasite intervention and control.
Moving Car Detection and Model Recognition based on Deep Learning

Vehicle analysis is an import task in many intelligent applications, such as automatic toll collection and driver assistance systems. Among these applications, moving car detection and model recognition are a challenging task due to the close appearance between car models. In this paper, we propose a framework to detect moving cars and its model based on deep learning. We first detect the moving car using frame difference; the resultant binary image is used to detect the frontal view of a car by a symmetry filter. The detected frontal view is used to identify a car based on deep learning with three layers of restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs). Experiment results show that our proposed framework achieves favorable recognition accuracy.
50 nm thick AlN film-based piezoelectric cantilevers for gravimetric detection

Due to low power operation, intrinsic integrability and compatibility with CMOS processing, aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric (PZE) microcantilevers are a very attractive paradigm for resonant gas sensing. In this paper, we theoretically investigate their ultimate limit of detection and enunciate design rules for performance optimization. The reduction of the AlN layer thickness is found to be critical. We further report the successful development and implementation in cantilever structures with a 50 nm thick active PZE AlN layer. Material characterizations demonstrate that the PZE e31 coefficient can remain as high as 0.8 C m−2. Electrically transduced frequency responses of the fabricated devices are in good agreement with analytical predictions. Finally, we demonstrate the excellent frequency stability with a 10−8 minimum Allan deviation. This exceptionally low noise operation allows us to expect a limit of detection as low as 53 zg µm−2 and demonstrate the strong potential of AlN PZE microcantilevers for high resolution gas detection.
Stairs detection for enhancing wheelchair capabilities based on radar sensors

Powered wheelchair users encounter barriers to their mobility everyday. Entering a building with non barrier-free areas can massively impact a persons mobility related activities. There are a few commercial devices and some experimental that can climb stairs using for instance adaptive wheels with joints or caterpillar drive. These systems rely on the use for sensing and control. For safe automated obstacle crossing, a robust and environment invariant detection of the surrounding is necessary. Radar may prove to be a suitable sensor for its capability to handle harsh outdoor environmental conditions. In this paper, we introduce a mirror based two dimensional Frequency-Modulated Continuous-Wave (FMCW) radar scanner for stair detection. A radar image based stair dimensioning approach is presented and tested under laboratory and realistic conditions.
Optimized image resizing using seam carving and scaling

We present a novel method for content-aware image resizing based on optimization of a well-defined image distance function, which preserves both the important regions and the global visual effect (the background or other decorative objects) of an image. The method operates by joint use of seam carving and image scaling. The principle behind our method is the use of a bidirectional similarity function of image Euclidean distance (IMED), while cooperating with a dominant color descriptor (DCD) similarity and seam energy variation. The function is suitable for the quantitative evaluation of the resizing result and the determination of the best seam carving number. Different from the previous simplex-mode approaches, our method takes the advantages of both discrete and continuous methods. The technique is useful in image resizing for both reduction/retargeting and enlarging. We also show that this approach can be extended to indirect image resizing.
Multi-level inverter for Induction Motor Drive

In this paper space vector modulation and multi level carrier based PWM for the 4-level inverter fed induction motor drive are presented. Four-level inversion can be achieved by connecting three two-level inverters in cascade. Three isolated power supplies with DC link voltages are required for the proposed circuit topology. The voltages constitute one third of that of a conventional 2-level inverter topology. This scheme is capable of producing 512 voltage space phasor combinations distributed over 37 space phasor locations. The proposed four-level inverter configuration requires lesser number of switching devices as compared to the conventional four-level inverter scheme. Similarly, lesser-isolated power supplies are required when compared to the cascaded H-bridge configuration. This inverter scheme does not experience neutral-point fluctuations.