Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyclin D-CDK Subunit Arrangement Is Dependent on the Availability of Competing INK4 and p21 Class Inhibitors

ABSTRACT The D-type cyclins and their major kinase partners CDK4 and CDK6 regulate G0-G1-S progression by contributing to the phosphorylation and inactivation of the retinoblastoma gene product, pRB. Assembly of active cyclin D-CDK complexes in response to mitogenic signals is negatively regulated by INK4 family members. Here we show that although all four INK4 proteins associate with CDK4 and CDK6 in vitro, only p16INK4a can form stable, binary complexes with both CDK4 and CDK6 in proliferating cells. The other INK4 family members form stable complexes with CDK6 but associate only transiently with CDK4. Conversely, CDK4 stably associates with both p21CIP1 and p27KIP1 in cyclin-containing complexes, suggesting that CDK4 is in equilibrium between INK4 and p21CIP1- or p27KIP1-bound states. In agreement with this hypothesis, overexpression of p21CIP1 in 293 cells, where CDK4 is bound to p16INK4a, stimulates the formation of ternary cyclin D-CDK4-p21CIP1 complexes. These data suggest that members of the p21 family of proteins promote the association of D-type cyclins with CDKs by counteracting the effects of INK4 molecules.
Mapping without visualizing local default is nonsense

High-dimensional data sets are often embedded in two-dimensional spaces so as to visualize neighborhood relationships. When the map is effective (i.e. when short distances are preserved) it is a powerful way to help an analyst to understand the data set. But, mappings most often show defaults and the user is then led astray. According to this notion, a mapping should not be considered when its overall quality is not good enough. Many imperfect mappings can however be exploited by informing the user of the nature and level of defaults. In this work, we propose to visualize local indices trustworthiness and continuity for that purpose.
Impact of Aging on Cholesterol Transport Protein Expression and Steroidogenesis in Rat Testicular Leydig Cells

The current studies indicate that Leydig cells from old (24-27-Mo) rats secreted significantly less cholesterol in response to stimulators, hCG, forskolin, or Bt2cAMP as compared to cells from young mature (5-Mo) animals. This defi- ciency was reversed by incubation of cells with free diffusible hydroxycholesterols, indicating that age-related decline in testosterone secretion primarily results from the reduced availability of substrate cholesterol. Aging also significantly di- minished the Leydig cell mRNA levels of StAR/StarD1, StarD2 and StarD4 both under basal conditions in response to hCG stimulation. Likewise, aging decreased the mRNA levels of PBR/TSPO. These changes correlated well with the re- duced accumulation of cholesterol in Leydig cell mitochondria from old animals. Our results suggest that aging caused impaired expression of key cholesterol transport proteins, StAR/StarD1, StarD4 and PBR/TSPO that resulted in inefficient delivery of cholesterol to and within the mitochondria, and subsequently reduced conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone and decreased testosterone production.
Brain Correlates of Task–Load and Dementia Elucidation with Tensor Machine Learning Using Oddball BCI Paradigm

Dementia in the elderly has recently become the most usual cause of cognitive decline. The proliferation of dementia cases in aging societies creates a remarkable economic as well as medical problems in many communities worldwide. A recently published report by The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that about 47 million people are suffering from dementia-related neurocognitive declines worldwide. The number of dementia cases is predicted by 2050 to triple, which requires the creation of an AI-based technology application to support interventions with early screening for subsequent mental wellbeing checking as well as preservation with digital–pharma (the so-called beyond a pill) therapeutical approaches. We present an attempt and exploratory results of brain signal (EEG) classification to establish digital biomarkers for dementia stage elucidation. We discuss a comparison of various machine learning approaches for automatic event-related potentials (ERPs) classification of a high and low task–load sound stimulus recognition. These ERPs are similar to those in dementia. The proposed winning method using tensor-based machine learning in a deep fully connected neural network setting is a step forward to develop AI-based approaches for a subsequent application for subjective– and mild–cognitive impairment (SCI and MCI) diagnostics.
FTIR Spectroscopy for Carbon Family Study

ABSTRACT Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a versatile technique for the characterization of materials belonging to the carbon family. Based on the interaction of the IR radiation with matter this technique may be used for the identification and characterization of chemical structures. Most important features of this method are: non-destructive, real-time measurement and relatively easy to use. Carbon basis for all living systems has found numerous industrial applications from carbon coatings (i.e. amorphous and nanocrystalline carbon films: diamond-like carbon (DLC) films) to nanostructured materials (fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene) and carbon materials at nanoscale or carbon dots (CDots). In this paper, we present the FTIR vibrational spectroscopy for the characterization of diamond, amorphous carbon, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerene and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), without claiming to cover entire field.
UWB at SemEval-2016 Task 2: Interpretable Semantic Textual Similarity with Distributional Semantics for Chunks

We introduce a system focused on solving SemEval 2016 Task 2 ‐ Interpretable Semantic Textual Similarity. The system explores machine learning and rule-based approaches to the task. We focus on machine learning and experiment with a wide variety of machine learning algorithms as well as with several types of features. The core of our system consists in exploiting distributional semantics to compare similarity of sentence chunks. The system won the competition in 2016 in the “Gold standard chunk scenario”. We have not participated in the “System chunk scenario”.
Searching informative concept banks for video event detection

An emerging trend in video event detection is to learn an event from a bank of concept detector scores. Different from existing work, which simply relies on a bank containing all available detectors, we propose in this paper an algorithm that learns from examples what concepts in a bank are most informative per event. We model finding this bank of informative concepts out of a large set of concept detectors as a rare event search. Our proposed approximate solution finds the optimal concept bank using a cross-entropy optimization. We study the behavior of video event detection based on a bank of informative concepts by performing three experiments on more than 1,000 hours of arbitrary internet video from the TRECVID multimedia event detection task. Starting from a concept bank of 1,346 detectors we show that 1. )some concept banks are more informative than others for specific events, 2. ) event detection using an automatically obtained informative concept bank is more robust than using all available concepts, 3. ) even for small amounts of training examples an informative concept bank outperforms a full bank and a bag-of-word event representation, and 4. ) we show qualitatively that the informative concept banks make sense for the events of interest, without being programmed to do so. We conclude that for concept banks it pays to be informative.
A 25-Gb/s 2.2-W 65-nm CMOS Optical Transceiver Using a Power-Supply-Variation-Tolerant Analog Front End and Data-Format Conversion

A one-chip optical transceiver for board-to-board transmission was developed by integrating an analog frontend (FE) with a data-format-conversion (DFC) block in 65-nm CMOS process technology. It was experimentally demonstrated that this transceiver can convert 10x 6.25-Gb/s electrical signals to 4x 25-Gb/s optical signals with 25% redundancy that improves resilience against possible laser diode (LD) failure. To alleviate degradation of the optical link due to power-supply variations, a power-supply-noise-tolerant 25-Gb/s analog FE (consisting of a TIA with a noise canceller and a fully differential LD driver) is proposed. The noise canceller can keep the power-supply variation below 0.2 mV at frequencies down to 1 MHz, and the fully differential LD driver can keep power-supply current variation below 0.64 mApp/ch, despite a large modulation current of 20 mApp. As for the transmission performance of the transceiver, eye diagrams experimentally confirmed 25-Gb/s and 6.25-Gb/s data-transmission rates. A 25-Gb/s optical-link test on the transceiver demonstrated error-free operation at -6.1-dBm OMA. Moreover, an image-transfer test on the transceiver operating at a data rate of 20 Gb/s through a 100-m multi-mode fiber was demonstrated. Total power consumption of the transceiver (including optics) was 2.2 W at full-channel operation.
Rapid Dielectrophoresis Assembly of a Single Carbon Nanocoil on AFM Tip Apex

We assembled a single carbon nanocoil (CNC) on the tip apex of an atomic force microscope probe by utilizing dielectrophoresis in isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The total assembly process can be achieved within several seconds at room temperature by using a simple apparatus. Three-dimensional finite element simulations have been conducted to investigate the orientation and position of this assembly. Our experiment agrees well with the simulation. The results indicate that it is essential to filter the CNC/IPA suspension and manipulate the capillary meniscus for a single CNC to be vertically assembled on the tip apex. An inclined-edge electrode has, therefore, been suggested and found effectively confining the CNC/IPA suspension around the probe tip.
Joint Associations of Physical Activity and Hypertension with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes among Urban Men and Women in Mainland China

Background Physical activity (PA) and hypertension (HTN) are important influences on the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the joint impact of PA and HTN on T2D development is unknown. Methods Two community-based prospective cohort studies, with the same protocols, instruments and questionnaires, were conducted among adults in urban areas of Nanjing, China, during 2004–2007 and 2007–2010. T2D was defined using World Health Organization criteria based on physicians' diagnosis and fasting blood glucose concentration. PA level (sufficient/insufficient) and blood pressure status (hypertensive/normotensive) were assessed at baseline and the third year of follow-up. We pooled and analyzed data from these two studies. Results Among 4550 participants aged 35 years or older, the three-year cumulative incidence of T2D was 5.1%. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with sufficient PA were less likely to develop T2D than those with insufficient PA (OR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.27, 0.68) and those who were normotensive were less likely to develop T2D than those who were hypertensive (OR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.29, 0.51). Compared to participants with insufficient PA and who were hypertensive, those with sufficient PA and hypertension were at lower risk of developing T2D (OR = 0.36, 95%CI = 0.19, 0.69), as were those with insufficient PA who were normotensive (OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.28, 0.50) and those with sufficient PA who were normotensive (OR = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.10, 0.37). Conclusions Insufficient PA was found to be associated with the development of T2D among adults with and without hypertension. These findings support a role for promoting higher physical activity levels to lower T2D risk in both hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals.
Validity of a French version of the fatigue impact scale in multiple sclerosis

Purpose Fatigue is a frequent and common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) that can interfere with patients' everyday activities. There is no objective scale for assessing fatigue in French MS patients. The objective of this study was to adapt an English language scale for use with French patients. Methods The Fatigue Impact Scale was translated and culturally adapted into French by a committee of medical and linguistic specialists. The psychometric properties of this new instrument, called EMIF-SEP were assessed. Results EMIF-SEP is composed of 40 items. Four dimensions of this scale (cognitive, physical, social role and psychological) were identified by factor analysis. Each dimension had a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.80). The test-retest reproducibility was very satisfactory; intra-class correlation coefficients were all above 0.70. Conclusion EMIF-SEP is the first scale for assessing MS-related fatigue which has been adapted to French-speaking patients. It is useful for clinical practice and MS-related research. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 1026—1032. http://msj.sagepub. com
Context disambiguation in Web search results

It is a common experience while Web searching that one gets to see pages that are not of interest. Partly these are due to a word or words in the search query having different contexts, the user obviously expecting to find pages related to the context of interest. This paper proposes a method for disambiguating contexts in Web search results.
Joint design transmission waveform and sensing matrix for the compressive sensing radar

The problems of optimal design transmission waveform and sensing matrix in the compressive sensing radar (CSR) system were considered. A new iteration algorithm was proposed for joint design transmission waveform and sensing matrix. This algorithm had better rate of convergence and less mutual coherence than traditional design methods. We gave simulation results of the target detection performance of the CSR system using proposed algorithm in the delay-Doppler plane. The simulation results showed that the optimal design CSR system had better target detection performance than random choosing radar system under conditions of different SNR, number of measurements, and number of targets.
Cost-effective detection of non-antidouble-stranded DNA antinuclear antibody specificities in daily clinical practice.

OBJECTIVES To compare the utility of indirect immunofluorescence for the detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA-IIF) and a fully automated test (ELiA Symphony) that detects antibodies against a mixture of nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens (ENA), to select sera that should be tested for non-antidouble-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antinuclear antibodies in a relatively expensive automated line immunoassay (INNO-LIA ANA update, Lineblot). METHODS All 328 sera sent to the laboratory for ANA or anti-ENA tests, over a 4 month period were evaluated in all three assays. Results were related to signs and symptoms of systemic autoimmune disease (AID) that patients had before or at the time of blood sampling. RESULTS Overall, 72 (22%) sera were Lineblot positive. Of 198 patients without clinical manifestations of AID, 7% were Lineblot positive. Limiting Lineblot to sera positive in either ANA-IIF or Symphony tests failed to detect 26 (ANA-IIF) and 22 (Symphony) Lineblot-reactive sera, with 15 sera being negative in both assays. From a clinical point of view, failure to detect these reactivities was not important in most cases. CONCLUSIONS Restriction of performance of Lineblot to patients with at least one criterion for AID is an ideal and cost-effective strategy. In ignorance of clinical signs and symptoms, screening of sera by ANA-IIF or Symphony strongly reduces the costs of anti-ENA detection, with minimal loss in diagnostic capacity. Based on small differences, including the fact that anti-dsDNA antibodies give a positive ANA-IIF, we prefer screening with ANA-IIF over Symphony.
Service-Oriented Commonality Analysis Across Existing Systems

This paper introduces an extractive approach to building-up a product line based on existing systems. Thereby, we focus on the analysis of common functionalities across different systems. Our commonality analysis is performed on the functional level which offers the highest reuse potential. We use the service diagram, a formally founded specification technique, for the functional specification. This allows us to perform the commonality analysis based on a formal definition of the system behavior. Concepts for the comparison of service diagrams and a methodology for building-up a service diagram of a product line are described in the paper. Additionally, since legacy systems rarely have an accurate functional specification, we present a methodology for extracting such a specification out of a given logical architecture.
Explicit Throughput and Buffer Notification based congestion control: A cross layer approach

Congestion is a major issue in both wired and wireless communication system. Many techniques are applied in data link, network, and transport layer to control congestion. Out of which, flow control plays an important role in controlling the congestion. Again, several techniques are also used to control flows, i.e., AIMD, AISD, MIMD, etc. Still, packet drop occurs at the intermediate nodes due to buffer overwhelming. In this paper, we propose Explicit Throughput and Buffer Notification (ETBN) based congestion control mechanism by regulating the flow rate at the sender side. In this proposed approach, the receiver sends two notifications explicitly regarding its status in terms throughput and buffer availability using cross layer approach. The proposed model is simulated extensively using a self simulator and found that it shows better performance in terms of throughput, buffer utilization when compared with AIMD approach.
Standing on the Shoulders of Midgets: Dominant Firms and Innovation Incentives

I develop a dynamic innovation model with three important features: (a) asymmetry between large and small firms (“giants” and “midgets”); (b) technology transfer by acquisition; and (c) the distinction between gradual innovation (i.e., within a certain “paradigm”) and disruptive innovation (i.e., that which induces a new paradigm). I provide conditions such that (a) greater asymmetry between giant and midget decreases incremental innovation but increases disruptive innovation; and (b) allowing for technology transfer increases incremental innovation but decreases disruptive innovation. Paganelli-Bull Professor of Economics and International Business, Stern School of Business, New York University; and Research Fellow, CEPR; luis.cabral@nyu.edu. Preliminary drafts of this paper were presented at Queens University and at the MaCCI Summer Institute. At both venues I received useful comments and suggestions, for which I am grateful.
Glacial recession 2001 – 2006 and its landscape effects in the Lindströmfjellet − H å bergnuten mountain ridge , Nordenskiöld Land

The current climate warming results in a quick recession of glaciers on the north− ern slopes and valleys of the Lindströmfjellet−Håbergnuten mountain ridge in Nordenskiöld Land. The equilibrium line altitude has risen from c. 500–550 m in 1936 to 750 m in 2001 and c. 800 m in 2006. The slopes, almost completely glaciated during the Little Ice Age, and even in 1936, have mostly been abandoned by glaciers afterwards. The upper parts of the glaciers undergo a clear retreat diminishing their accumulative (firn) fields. The lower parts of the active glacial tongues have been transformed into marginal zones built of dead ice covered with morainic and glacifluvial deposits. The surfaces of the marginal zones are pro− gressively lowered due to ablation of dead ice. The state of the described glaciers is not bal− anced under the current climatic conditions. Thus, the landscape transformation of the mountain ridge will most certainly continue.
Regulation of L-Type Calcium Channel and Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channel Activity by p21-Activated Kinase-1 in Guinea Pig Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker Cells

Phosphorylation of ion channels plays an important role in the regulation of cardiac function, but signaling mechanisms controlling dephosphorylation are not well understood. We have tested the hypothesis that p21-activated kinase-1 (Pak1), a serine–threonine protein kinase regulated by Ras-related small G proteins, regulates sinoatrial node (SAN) ion channel activity through a mechanism involving protein phosphatase 2A. We report a novel role of Pak1-mediated signaling in attenuating isoproterenol-induced enhancement of L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL) and delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) in guinea pig SAN pacemaker cells. We demonstrate that in guinea pig SAN: (1) there is abundant expression of endogenous Pak1 in pacemaker cells; (2) expression of constitutively active Pak1 depresses isoproterenol-induced upregulation of ICaL and IK; (3) inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A increases the enhancement of IK and ICaL by isoproterenol in Ad-Pak1–infected cells; (4) protein phosphatase 2A coimmunoprecipitates with endogenous Pak1 in SAN tissue; and (5) expression of constitutively active Pak1 suppresses the chronotropic action of isoproterenol on pacemaker activity of intact SAN preparations. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that a Pak1 signaling pathway exists in cardiac pacemaker cells and that this novel pathway plays a role in the regulation of ion channel activity.
SUBTOPIC‐BASED MULTIMODALITY RANKING FOR TOPIC‐FOCUSED MULTIDOCUMENT SUMMARIZATION

Topic‐focused multidocument summarization has been a challenging task because the created summary is required to be biased to the given topic or query. Existing methods consider the given topic as a single coarse unit, and then directly incorporate the relevance between each sentence and the single topic into the sentence evaluation process. However, the given topic is usually not well defined and it consists of a few explicit or implicit subtopics. In this study, the related subtopics are discovered from the topic's narrative text or document set through topic analysis techniques. Then, the sentence relationships against each subtopic are considered as an individual modality and the multimodality manifold‐ranking method is proposed to evaluate and rank sentences by fusing the multiple modalities. Experimental results on the DUC benchmark data sets show the promising results of our proposed methods.
CNN Based Two-stage Multi-resolution End-to-end Model for Singing Melody Extraction

Inspired by human hearing perception, we propose a two-stage multi-resolution end-to-end model for singing melody extraction in this paper. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is the core of the proposed model to generate multi-resolution representations. The 1-D and 2-D multi-resolution analysis on waveform and spectrogram-like graph are successively carried out by using 1-D and 2-D CNN kernels of different lengths and sizes. The 1-D CNNs with kernels of different lengths produce multi-resolution spectrogram-like graphs without suffering from the trade-off between spectral and temporal resolutions. The 2-D CNNs with kernels of different sizes extract features from spectro-temporal envelopes of different scales. Experiment results show the proposed model outperforms three compared systems in three out of five public databases.