Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A druggable secretory protein maturase of Toxoplasma essential for invasion and egress

Micronemes and rhoptries are specialized secretory organelles that deploy their contents at the apical tip of apicomplexan parasites in a regulated manner. The secretory proteins participate in motility, invasion, and egress and are subjected to proteolytic maturation prior to organellar storage and discharge. Here we establish that Toxoplasma gondii aspartyl protease 3 (ASP3) resides in the endosomal-like compartment and is crucially associated to rhoptry discharge during invasion and to host cell plasma membrane lysis during egress. A comparison of the N-terminome, by terminal amine isotopic labelling of substrates between wild type and ASP3 depleted parasites identified microneme and rhoptry proteins as repertoire of ASP3 substrates. The role of ASP3 as a maturase for previously described and newly identified secretory proteins is confirmed in vivo and in vitro. An antimalarial compound based on a hydroxyethylamine scaffold interrupts the lytic cycle of T. gondii at submicromolar concentration by targeting ASP3.
Evaluating Clinical Information Systems

As members of organizational committees to evaluate and select clinical information systems, nurse executives must identify a system that not only has the core functionality to support necessary changes in workflow and optimize nurse productivity and patient safety but that also is embraced by the nursing staff. There are specific features that nurse executives must demand to help nurses at the bedside reap the greatest benefit from the technology.
Glacial biogeography of North American coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

To study the glacial biogeography of coho we examined 20 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA D‐loop sequence in samples from Alaska to California. Microsatellite data divided our samples among five biogeographic regions: (1) Alaska and northern coastal British Columbia; (2) the Queen Charlotte Islands; (3) the mainland coast of British Columbia and northern Washington State; (4) the Thompson River; and (5) Oregon and California. The D‐loop sequence data suggested three geographical regions: (1) Oregon and California; (2) the Thompson River; and (3) all the other sites north of the southern ice margin. Microsatellite data revealed no difference in the number of alleles in different regions, but mitochondrial DNA data revealed a cline of decreasing diversity from south to north. We suggest that the two signals presented by these different marker types illuminate two time frames in the history of this species. Endemic microsatellite diversity in Alaska and on the Queen Charlotte Islands provides evidence in favour of Fraser Glaciation refugia in these regions. The loss of mitochondrial variation from south to north suggests that one of the earlier, more extensive, Pleistocene glaciations eliminated coho from its northern range.
Genome‐wide association genetics of an adaptive trait in lodgepole pine

Pine cones that remain closed and retain seeds until fire causes the cones to open (cone serotiny) represent a key adaptive trait in a variety of pine species. In lodgepole pine, there is substantial geographical variation in serotiny across the Rocky Mountain region. This variation in serotiny has evolved as a result of geographically divergent selection, with consequences that extend to forest communities and ecosystems. An understanding of the genetic architecture of this trait is of interest owing to the wide‐reaching ecological consequences of serotiny and also because of the repeated evolution of the trait across the genus. Here, we present and utilize an inexpensive and time‐effective method for generating population genomic data. The method uses restriction enzymes and PCR amplification to generate a library of fragments that can be sequenced with a high level of multiplexing. We obtained data for more than 95 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms across 98 serotinous and nonserotinous lodgepole pines from three populations. We used a Bayesian generalized linear model (GLM) to test for an association between genotypic variation at these loci and serotiny. The probability of serotiny varied by genotype at 11 loci, and the association between genotype and serotiny at these loci was consistent in each of the three populations of pines. Genetic variation across these 11 loci explained 50% of the phenotypic variation in serotiny. Our results provide a first genome‐wide association map of serotiny in pines and demonstrate an inexpensive and efficient method for generating population genomic data.
Geometric realization of PRV components and the Littlewood-Richardson cone

Let X = G/B and let L1 and L2 be two line bundles on X. Consider the cup product map H q1(X,L1) H q2(X,L2) ! H q (X,L), where L = L1L2 and q = q1+q2. We find necessary and sufficient conditions for this map to be a nonzero map of G-modules. We also discuss the converse question, i.e. given irreducible G-modules U and V , which irreducible compo- nents W of UV may appear in the right hand side of the equation above. The answer is surprisingly elegant — all such W are generalized PRV components of multiplicity one. Along the way we encounter numerous connections of our problem with problems coming from Representation Theory, Combinatorics, and Geometry. Perhaps the most intriguing relations are with questions about the Littlewood-Richardson cone. This article is expository in nature. We announce results, comment on connections between different fields of Mathematics, and state a number of open questions. The proofs will appear in a forthcoming paper.
Rule and Tree Ensembles for Unrestricted Coreference Resolution

In this paper, we describe a machine learning system based on rule and tree ensembles for unrestricted coreference resolution. We use Entropy Guided Transformation Learning (ETL) and Decision Trees as the base learners, and, respectively, ETL Committee and Random Forest as ensemble algorithms. Our system is evaluated on the closed track of the CoNLL 2011 shared task: Modeling Unrestricted Coreference in OntoNotes. A preliminary version of our system achieves the 6th best score out of 21 competitors in the CoNLL 2011 shared task. Here, we depict the system architecture and our experimental results and findings.
Integral Sliding Manifold Design for Linear Systems With Additive Unmatched Disturbances

This note offers an integral sliding manifold design method for linear systems that minimizes the impact of unmatched constant external disturbances. System sensitivity upon an unmatched disturbance vector is assessed by the steady-state dependent criterion function. The derived procedure easily finds a unique integral sliding manifold that minimizes a quadratic optimization criterion. Applicability of this method in case of slowly-varying disturbances is supported by determining disturbance frequency limit that guarantees satisfactory performance. The proposed approach has been demonstrated on a numerical example and verified by simulations.
Extended Time Accommodations and the Mathematics Performance of Students With and Without ADHD

Test accommodations such as extended time are presumed to reduce the impact of a disability, while not affecting test scores of the general population. This study examined the effects of an extended time (time and one-half) accommodation on the mathematics performance of fifth-to seventh-grade students with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The results did not support the differential boost hypothesis in that the ADHD group did not make more gains than the control group with extended time. However, the ADHD group did demonstrate lower processing speed, math fluency, and achievement. These findings suggest that, although students with ADHD tend to work with less overall efficiency in terms of processing speed and task fluency, they do not benefit significantly more than nondisabled students when given extended time on a speed-based math task. Implications for future research and accommodations policies are discussed.
A decentralized approach to elementary formation manoeuvres

This paper presents a decentralized formation control (the coupled dynamics approach) for executing elementary formation manoeuvres (EFM) for Hilare-type mobile robots. The concept of an EFM is presented. It is then shown that each of these EFMs possesses a common mathematical structure and thus may be executed by the same type of robot control. We present two EFM controls: the first control puts feedback on the relative motion and the global motion of each robot; and the second one adds inter-robot damping. The key advantage of our approach is the reduced communication among robots and the formation obtains certain robustness properties not available to other formation controls. We present the simulation and hardware results for each of these controls.
The relationship between bilingual exposure and vocabulary development

The relationship between amount of bilingual exposure and performance in receptive and expressive vocabulary in French and English was examined in 5-year-old Montreal children acquiring French and English simultaneously as well as in monolingual children. The children were equated on age, socio-economic status, nonverbal cognition, and on minority/majority language status (both languages have equal status), but differed in the amount of exposure they had received to each language spanning the continuum of bilingual exposure levels. A strong relationship was found between amount of exposure to a language and performance in that language. This relationship was different for receptive and expressive vocabulary. Children having been exposed to both languages equally scored comparably to monolingual children in receptive vocabulary, but greater exposure was required to match monolingual standards in expressive vocabulary. Contrary to many previous studies, the bilingual children were not found to exhibit a significant gap relative to monolingual children in receptive vocabulary. This was attributed to the favorable language-learning environment for French and English in Montreal and might also be related to the fact the two languages are fairly closely related. Children with early and late onset (before 6 months and after 20 months) of bilingual exposure who were equated on overall amount of exposure to each language did not differ significantly on any vocabulary measure.
The Evolution of the DLK1-DIO3 Imprinted Domain in Mammals

A comprehensive, domain-wide comparative analysis of genomic imprinting between mammals that imprint and those that do not can provide valuable information about how and why imprinting evolved. The imprinting status, DNA methylation, and genomic landscape of the Dlk1-Dio3 cluster were determined in eutherian, metatherian, and prototherian mammals including tammar wallaby and platypus. Imprinting across the whole domain evolved after the divergence of eutherian from marsupial mammals and in eutherians is under strong purifying selection. The marsupial locus at 1.6 megabases, is double that of eutherians due to the accumulation of LINE repeats. Comparative sequence analysis of the domain in seven vertebrates determined evolutionary conserved regions common to particular sub-groups and to all vertebrates. The emergence of Dlk1-Dio3 imprinting in eutherians has occurred on the maternally inherited chromosome and is associated with region-specific resistance to expansion by repetitive elements and the local introduction of noncoding transcripts including microRNAs and C/D small nucleolar RNAs. A recent mammal-specific retrotransposition event led to the formation of a completely new gene only in the eutherian domain, which may have driven imprinting at the cluster.
Aggregating causal judgements

Decision making typically requires judgements about causal relations. We need to know both the causal effects of our actions and the causal relevance of various environmental factors. Judgements about the nature and strength of causal relations often differ, even among experts. How to handle such diversity is the topic of this paper. First we consider the possibility of aggregating causal judgements via the aggregation of probabilistic ones. The broadly negative outcome of this investigation leads us to look at aggregating causal judgements independently of probabilistic ones. We do so by transcribing causal claims into the judgement aggregation framework and applying some recent results in this field. Finally we look at the implications for probability aggregation when it is constrained by prior aggregation of causal judgements.
A transactional model of forgiveness in the service failure context: a customer‐driven approach

Purpose – The concept of forgiveness has received significant attention in the fields of philosophy and psychology. However, little is known about the application of this concept in the business domain. To address this deficiency, this paper aims to conceptualise forgiveness as a customer coping strategy in the context of service failure incidents. Specifically, deriving from both theories of emotion and coping, this article proposes a conceptual framework of consumer forgiveness in service encounters.Design/methodology/approach – A critical synthesis of the literature on forgiveness, service failure, and service recovery was conducted to generate a conceptual exploration of the role of forgiveness in the business domain.Findings – While previous consumer behaviour studies have explored the emotional and behavioural states of consumers after service incidents, they overlooked one critical intrinsic psychological aspect which has a long‐lasting effect on service outcomes: consumer forgiveness. Thus, the ma.
A distributed detection and prevention scheme from malicious nodes in vehicular networks

Vehicular environments still remain vulnerable to various potential attacks because of continuous interactions and information exchange between vehicles despite the deployment of authentication techniques by communication standards. Therefore, an authenticated node with a certificate could initiate an attack while complying with implemented protocols. Some mechanisms were proposed to enhance communication technologies, but none of them was able to anticipate nodes' behavior. They also mismanage oscillating vehicles, because they evict them automatically after misbehaving. In this paper, we propose a preventive mechanism, namely, Intrusion Prevention and Detection System (IPDS), able to predict vehicles behavior. This mechanism is based on a Kalman filter to predict the future vehicles' behavior and classify them into three categories (white, gray, and black) based on their expected trustworthiness. The main concerns of this work are to prevent from various attacks, namely, DoS, false alert, and Sybil, and deal with oscillating vehicles. Therefore, IPDS treats these latter in a different way where they are introduced into a gray list and used for routing purposes until they persist in their attacks. Simulations performed using ns3 simulator highlight IPDS accuracy regarding the detection rate of malicious nodes and its good impact on the network applications performances. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Induction and Experience-Dependent Consolidation of Stable Long-Term Potentiation Lasting Months in the Hippocampus

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is widely regarded as a memory mechanism, but it is not known whether it can last long enough to underlie very long-term memory. We report that high-frequency stimulation (HFS) paradigms applied to the rat dentate gyrus can elicit stable LTP lasting months and up to at least 1 year. The induction of stable LTP was sensitive to stimulation variables on the day of HFS and was associated with phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein. The maintenance of stable LTP was also experience-dependent, because it was reversed when animals were exposed repeatedly to an enriched environment beginning 14 d post-HFS. However, stable LTP eventually consolidated over time and became resistant to reversal, because exposure to enriched environments 90 d post-HFS failed to influence stable LTP maintenance. Thus, LTP can be shown to meet one of the principal criteria for a very long-term memory storage mechanism. However, under naturalistic environmental conditions, LTP may normally be retained in the hippocampus for only short periods of time.
Simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraPlaque hemorrhage (SNAP) imaging for carotid atherosclerotic disease evaluation

A simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) MR imaging technique is proposed to detect both luminal stenosis and hemorrhage in atherosclerosis patients in a single scan. Thirteen patients with diagnosed carotid atherosclerotic plaque were admitted after informed consent. All scans were performed on a 3T MR imaging system with SNAP, 2D time‐of‐flight and magnetization‐prepared 3D rapid acquisition gradient echo sequences. The SNAP sequence utilized a phase sensitive acquisition, and was designed to provide positive signals corresponding to intraplaque hemorrhage and negative signals corresponding to lumen. SNAP images were compared to time‐of‐flight images to evaluate lumen size measurements using linear mixed models and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Intraplaque hemorrhage identification accuracy was evaluated by comparing to magnetization‐prepared 3D rapid acquisition gradient echo images using Cohen's Kappa. Diagnostic quality SNAP images were generated from all subjects. Quantitatively, the lumen size measurements by SNAP were strongly correlated (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96, P < 0.001) with those measured by time‐of‐flight. For intraplaque hemorrhage detection, strong agreement (κ = 0.82, P < 0.001) was also identified between SNAP and magnetization‐prepared 3D rapid acquisition gradient echo images. In conclusion, a SNAP imaging technique was proposed and shows great promise for imaging both lumen size and carotid intraplaque hemorrhage with a single scan. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multimonostatic Shape Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional Dielectric Cylinders by a Kirchhoff-Based Approach

The inverse problem of reconstructing the shape of dielectric cylinders by aspect-limited multimonostatic multifrequency electromagnetic scattering data is dealt with. The problem is formulated as a linear one by means of the physical-optics approximation distributional approach. The difference with respect to the case of perfectly electrical conducting scatterers is pointed out, since the penetrability of the scatterers is taken into account by considering the contribution of the “shadowed” side to the local reflection coefficient. The adopted model allows one to predict that both the “illuminated” and “shadowed” sides of the scatterer provide contribution to the reconstructed image but with a delocalization depending on the relative dielectric permittivity. The numerical results confirm this expectation and show the effectiveness of the approach.
Statistical software debugging: From bug predictors to the main causes of failure

Detecting latent errors is a key challenging issue in the software testing process. Latent errors could be best detected by bug predictors. A bug predictor manifests the effect of a bug on the program execution state. The aim has been to find the smallest reasonable subset of the bug predictors, manifesting all possible bugs within a program. In this paper, a new algorithm for finding the smallest subset of bug predictors is presented. The algorithm, firstly, applies a LASSO method to detect program predicates which have relatively higher effect on the termination status of the program. Then, a ridge regression method is applied to select a subset of the detected predicates as independent representatives of all the program predicates. Program control and data dependency graphs can be best applied to find the causes of bugs represented by the selected bug predictors. Our proposed approach has been evaluated on two well-known test suites. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach
Health and romance: Understanding unprotected sex in relationships between gay men

Book synopsis: `This book was an absolute joy to read and offers a comprehensive review of health psychology. This book should become a classic - necessary reading for students in all branches of health. Nursing students will find it invaluable, but other students - and their teachers - will also find it very useful. SAGE have added a valuable and important text to their already impressive list, and Marks can be complimented on his scholarly organisation of complex topics into an accessible and readable whole. No library should be without it and serious students should invest in a copy of their own' - Health Matters The Health Psychology Reader is designed to complement and support the recent textbook Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice by David F Marks, Michael Murray, Brian Evans and Carla Willig (SAGE, 2000). It can also be used as a stand-alone resource given its didactic nature. The Reader explores key topics within the health psychology field with incisive introductions to each section by the editor and includes a selection of the most important theoretical and empirical published work. The Reader is organized into the following parts: Part 1: Health Psychology's development, definition and context Part 2: Theories in health psychology Part 3: Health behaviour and experience Part 4: Beliefs, explanations and communication Part 5: Critical approaches to health psychology In each of these areas the editor has written introductory sections which highlight the key issues, questions and problems. These are summarized in Boxes, which condense into a few words the essential features of each topic.
KLcpos3 - a Language Similarity Measure for Delexicalized Parser Transfer

We present KLcpos3 , a language similarity measure based on Kullback-Leibler divergence of coarse part-of-speech tag trigram distributions in tagged corpora. It has been designed for multilingual delexicalized parsing, both for source treebank selection in single-source parser transfer, and for source treebank weighting in multi-source transfer. In the selection task, KLcpos3 identifies the best source treebank in 8 out of 18 cases. In the weighting task, it brings +4.5% UAS absolute, compared to unweighted parse tree combination.
Domain Sentiment Matters: A Two Stage Sentiment Analyzer

There are words that change its polarity from domain to domain. For example, the word deadly is of positive polarity in the cricket domain as in “Shane Warne is a ‘deadly’ leg spinner”. However, ‘I witnessed a deadly accident’ carries negative polarity and going by the sentiment in cricket domain will be misleading. In addition to this, there exist domainspecific words, which have the same polarity across domains, but are used very frequently in a particular domain. For example, blockbuster, is specific to the movie domain. We combine such words as Domain Dedicated Polar Words (DDPW). A concise feature set made up of principal polarity clues makes the classifier less expensive in terms of time complexity and enhances the accuracy of classification. In this paper, we show that DDPW make such a concise feature set for sentiment analysis in a domain. Use of domaindedicated polar words as features beats the state of art accuracies achieved independently with unigrams, adjectives or Universal Sentiment Lexicon (USL).