Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The location of an active nucleus and a shadow of a tidal tail in the ULIRG Mrk 273

Analysis of data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory for the double nucleus ULIRG Mrk 273 reveals an absorbed hard X-ray source coincident with the southwest nucleus, implying that this unresolved, near-infrared source is where an active nucleus resides, while the northern nuclear region contains a powerful starburst that dominates the far infrared luminosity. There is evidence of a slight image extension in the 6–7 keV band, where an Fe K line is present, towards the northern nucleus. A large-scale, diffuse emission nebula detected in soft X-rays contains a dark lane that spatially coincides with a high surface-brightness tidal tail extending ~50 arcsec (40 kpc) to the south. The soft X-ray source is likely located behind the tidal tail, which absorbs X-ray photons along the line of sight. The estimated column density of cold gas in the tidal tail responsible for shadowing the soft X-rays is N_H ≥ 6 × 10^(21) cm^(-2), consistent with the tidal tail having an edge-on orientation.
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Authors: Keith M Smart PhD: Physiotherapy Department, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland. Catherine Blake PhD: UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. Anthony Staines PhD: Professor of Health Systems Research, School of Nursing, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. Mick Thacker PhD: Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences & Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom. Catherine Doody PhD: UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Endogenous Ca2+ Buffer Concentration and Ca2+ Microdomains in Hippocampal Neurons

Ca2+-binding proteins are ubiquitously expressed throughout the CNS and serve as valuable immunohistochemical markers for certain types of neurons. However, the functional role of most Ca2+-binding proteins has to date remained obscure because their concentration in central neurons is not known. In this study, we investigate the intracellular concentration of the widely expressed Ca2+-binding protein calbindin-D28k in adult hippocampal slices using patch-clamp recordings and immunohistochemistry. First, we show that calbindin-D28k freely exchanges between patch pipette and cytoplasm during whole cell patch-clamp recordings with a time constant of ∼10 min. Substituting known concentrations of recombinant calbindin-D28k in patch pipettes enabled us to determine the endogenous calbindin-D28k concentration by postrecording immunohistochemistry. Using this calibration procedure, we find that mature granule cells (doublecortin-) contain ∼40 μm, and newborn granule cells (doublecortin+) contain 0-20 μm calbindin-D28k. CA3 stratum radiatum interneurons and CA1 pyramidal cells enclose ∼47 and ∼45 μm calbindin-D28k, respectively. Numerical simulations showed that 40 μm calbindin-D28k is capable of tuning Ca2+ microdomains associated with action potentials at the mouth of single or clustered Ca2+ channels: calbindin-D28k reduces the increment in free Ca2+ at a distance of 100 and 200 nm by 20 and 35%, respectively, and strongly accelerates the collapse of the Ca2+ gradient after cessation of Ca2+ influx. These data suggest that calbindin-D28k equips hippocampal neurons with ∼160 μm mobile, high-affinity Ca2+-binding sites (κS ∼200) that slow and reduce global Ca2+ signals while they enhance the spatiotemporal fidelity of submicroscopic Ca2+ signals.
The Whys and How Comes of Presupposition and NPI Licensing in Questions

Postal (1971, p. 73, fn. 6) argues for the existence of existential presuppositions in questions based on their apparent non-defeasibility. According to Postal, “. [(3b)] is just as much a contradiction as [(3a)]. ” That is, if the question ‘What is on the table? ’ presupposes that something is on the table, the questioner contradicts himself by simultaneously asserting that nothing is on the table.
Closed-form least-squares source location estimation from range-difference measurements

Three noniterative techniques are presented for localizing a single source given a set of noisy range-difference measurements. The localization formulas are derived from linear least-squares "equation error" minimization, and in one case the maximum likelihood bearing estimate is approached. Geometric interpretations of the equation error norms minimized by the three methods are given, and the statistical performances of the three methods are compared via computer simulation.
A review of various carrier based PWM methods for multilevel inverter

The Multilevel inverter is emerging as a new breed of power inverter option for high power applications, Especially for FACTS controllers. This can create high voltage and reduce harmonics by its own circuit topology. The power levels of the inverter are largely restricted by carrier frequency. For air cooled design the frequency is practically limited to 3 to 5 KHz for large inverters, hence to increase power level it is proposed to operate two inverters in parallel with phase shifted carrier. The equivalent carrier frequency can be doubled and the output harmonics will be reduced here in this paper simulation of various carrier based PWM methods had been explained. Results and comparison also discussed.
Fertility, Education and Development: Further Evidence from India

There has been a significant decline in fertility in many parts of India since the early 1980s. This paper reexamines the determinants of fertility levels and fertility decline, using panel data on Indian districts for 1981 and 1991. We find that women's education is the most important factor explaining fertility differences across the country and over time. Low levels of child mortality and son preferences also contribute to lower fertility. By contrast, general indicators of modernization and development such as urbanisation, poverty reduction, and male literacy bear no significant association with fertility. En passant, we probe a subject of much confusion - the relation between fertility decline and gender bias.
Model and software-based solution for implementing coordinated timed-transfer passenger transport system

For a number of users, transfers are an unavoidable aspect of travel, irrespective of the public transport network quality. Transfer time not only extend the journey time, but also affect service quality. That is especially expressed on low-frequency lines. Implementation of timed transfer system (TTS) on low-frequency lines reduces temporal losses to acceptable limits. Transport network type, transport hub location, uneven transport demand across routes, performance differentials among subsystems and variable vehicle capacities further hinder the already complex TTS design. This work presents the procedure and software for efficient alignment of static and dynamic elements of coordinated lines in the process of establishing a TTS for chosen public transport network lines.
Application of particle filter algorithms in an accurate and reliable localization and tracking of WSN's mobile devices

This Wireless communication capabilities enable location-based applications such as management telecommunication work teams and other professional groups in field. The accuracy and reliability localization may be degraded by noise. In order to improve the localization precision is proposed a filtering algorithm that is characterized throw robustness and simplicity for estimation application. The particle filter (PF) algorithm offers a proper solution when the challenges studied are nonlinear or include non Gaussian noise. In this work are analyzed and compared two filtering algorithms: the standard particle filter and the cost reference particle filter, for tracking a mobile device. The results underline the robustness and the reliability of the cost reference particle filter to exemplify the errors which are characteristic in filtering algorithms.
[Changes in regional cerebral blood flow during auditory cognitive tasks--a PET activation study with odd-ball paradigm].

In order to investigate the relation between auditory cognitive function and regional brain activation, we measured the changes in the regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) using positron emission tomography (PET) during the "odd-ball" paradigm in ten normal healthy volunteers. The subject underwent 3 tasks, twice for each, while the evoked potential was recorded. In these tasks, the auditory stimulus was a series of pure tones delivered every 1.5 sec binaurally at 75 dB from the earphones. Task A: the stimulus was a series of tones with 1000 Hz only, and the subject was instructed to only hear. Task B: the stimulus was a series of tones with 1000 Hz only, and the subject was instructed to push the button on detecting a tone. Task C: the stimulus was a series of pure tones delivered every 1.5 sec binaurally at 75 dB with a frequency of 1000 Hz (non-target) in 80% and 2000 Hz (target) in 20% at random, and the subject was instructed to push the button on detecting a target tone. The event related potential (P300) was observed in task C (Pz: 334.3 +/- 19.6 msec). At each task, the CBF was measured using PET with i.v. injection of 1.5 GBq of O-15 water. The changes in CBF associated with auditory cognition was evaluated by the difference between the CBF images in task C and task B. Localized increase was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (in all subjects), the bilateral associate auditory cortex, the prefrontal cortex and the parietal cortex. The latter three areas had a large individual variation in the location of foci. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Esophageal Hematoma After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: Incidence, Clinical Features, and Sequelae of Esophageal Injury of a Different Sort

Background— Esophageal hematoma recently has been reported as a form of esophageal injury after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, attributed to the use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We sought to determine the incidence, clinical features, and sequelae of this form of esophageal injury. Methods and Results— This was a prospective series of 1110 AF ablation procedures performed under general anesthesia (GA) over 9 years. TEE was inserted after induction of GA to exclude left atrial appendage thrombus, define cardiac function, and guide transseptal puncture. The procedural incidence of esophageal hematoma was 0.27% (3/1110 procedures, mortality 0%). Odonyphagia, regurgitation, and hoarseness were the predominant symptoms, with an onset within 12 hours. There was absence of fever and neurological symptoms. Chest computed tomography excluded atrio-esophageal fistula and was diagnostic of esophageal hematoma localized to either the upper esophagus or extending the length of the mid and lower esophagus; endoscopy confirmed the diagnosis. Management was conservative in all cases comprising of ceasing oral intake and anticoagulation. Long term sequelae included esophageal stricture formation requiring dilatation, persistent esophageal dysmotility (mid esophageal hematoma), and vocal cord paralysis, resulting in hoarse voice (upper esophageal hematoma). Conclusions— Esophageal hematoma is a rare but important differential diagnosis for esophageal injury after TEE-guided AF ablation under GA, and can result in significant patient morbidity. Key clinical features differentiate presentation of esophageal hematoma from that of an atrio-esophageal fistula.
Global stability of discrete-time competitive population models

Abstract We develop practical tests for the global asymptotic stability of interior fixed points for discrete-time competitive population models. Our method constitutes the extension to maps of the Split Lyapunov method developed for differential equations. We give ecologically-motivated sufficient conditions for global stability of an interior fixed point of a map of Kolmogorov form. We introduce the concept of a principal reproductive mode, which is linked to a normal at the interior fixed point of a hypersurface of vanishing weighted-average growth. Our method is applied to establish new global stability results for 3-species competitive systems of May-Leonard type, where previously only parameter values for local stability was known.
Agerl Based Enhanced Map Reduce Technique in Cloud Scheduling

Today’s real time big data applications mostly rely on map-reduce (M-R) framework of Hadoop File System (HDFS). Hadoop makes the complexity of such applications in a simpler manner. This paper works on two goals: maximizing resource utilization and reducing the overall job completion time. Based on the goals proposed, we have developed Agent Centric Enhanced Reinforcement Learning Algorithm (AGERL) . The algorithm concentrates in four dimensions: variable partitioning of tasks, calculation of progress ratio of processing tasks including delays, XMPP based multi attribute query posting and Hopkins statistics assessment based dynamic cluster restructuring . An Enhanced Reinforcement Learning Process with the above features is employed to achieve the proposed goal. Finally performance gain is theoretically proved.
[Effect of shallow needling combined with acupoint application on the acute stage of peripheral facial paralysis].

OBJECTIVE To search for an effective therapy for the acute stage of peripheral facial paralysis. METHODS One hundred and twenty cases of facial paralysis patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 60 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with routine medication, and the observation group was treated with shallow needling combined with acupoint application using self-made "acupoint application formula for facial paralysis" on the basis of the routine medication. The acupoints of Yifeng (TE 17), Wangu (GB 12), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Yangbai (GB 14), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Qianzheng (EX-HN 17), Cuanzhu (BL 2) in affected side and Hegu (LI 4) in healthy side were selected as main acupoints for shallow needling, and Qianzheng (EX-HN 17), Dicang (ST 4), Yangbai (GB 14) and Wangu (GB 12), or Jiache (ST 6), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Quanliao (SI 18) and Yifeng (TE 17) were selected for acupoint application. The cure rate and the course of cured patients in both groups were compared. RESULTS The cure rate of 88.3% (53/60) in observation group was superior to that of 66.7% (40/60) in control group (P < 0.01). The course of cured patients in observation group was obviously shorter than that of control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION On the basis of routine medication, shallow needling combined with acupoint application can improve the therapeutic effect and shorten the course for acute stage of peripheral facial paralysis.
Um Experimento do Uso de Coding DOJO na Aprendizagem de Programação Orientada a Objetos

Aumentar o interesse e aprendizado dos alunos nas disciplinas de programacao e capacitar equipes de desenvolvimento de software sao objetivos que tem motivado a academia e a industria a encontrar alternativas mais eficientes para a fixacao e aplicacao de conceitos. Este trabalho apresenta a tecnica de Dojos de programacao ou coding dojo (em ingles) como uma alternativa para alcancar este objetivo, por meio de uma atividade dinâmica e colaborativa que permite maior integracao entre os estudantes, compartilhamento de conhecimento e aprendizado. O trabalho relata um experimento que compara o desempenho de um grupo de controle, o qual foi exposto a uma abordagem mais tradicional de aula expositiva, com um grupo que foi exposto ao Dojo de programacao. Foram aplicados pre e pos-testes para 30 alunos de um curso tecnico em Eletrotecnica e Informatica, no conteudo de programacao orientada a objetos. A partir das avaliacoes e tratamento estatistico das notas, percebeu-se que a media do grupo que participou do Dojo de programacao foram significativamente maiores do que a media do grupo de controle.
Exercise effects on bone mass in postmenopausal women are site‐specific and load‐dependent

It is considered that skeletal mass in humans may respond to loading or the number of loading cycles. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a 1 year progressive resistance training program on the bone mass of 56 postmenopausal women. Assignment was by block randomization to one of two resistance training groups: a strength trained group (3 × 8 repetition maximum) or an endurance group (3 × 20 repetition maximum). The resistance exercises were selected to stress the ipsilateral forearm and hip region. The exercising side was randomly assigned with one side exercised while the alternate side acted as the nonexercise control. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured every 3 months at the radial forearm and four hip sites using the Hologic QDR 2000 bone densitometer. A linear regression function was fitted for each individual's bone density results, and the slope was compared for the exercise and control side using paired t‐tests. The bone mass increase with the strength regimen was significantly greater at the trochanteric hip site (control ‐0.6 + 2.2%, exercise 1.7 + 4.1%,p < 0.01), at the intertrochanteric hip site (control ‐0.1 + 2.1%, exercise 1.5 + 3.0%,p < 0.05), Ward's triangle (control 0.8 + 5.2%, exercise 23 + 4.0%,p < 0.05), and at the ultradistal radial site (control ‐1.4 + 2.3%, exercise 2.4 + 4.3%. p < 0.01). There was no significant increase in BMD with the endurance regimen except at the radius midsite (control ‐1.0 + 23%, exercise 0.1 + 1.4%, p < 0.01). In both the endurance and the strength group, muscle strength, tested by a one‐repetition maximum (IRM) test, increased significantly for all 10 exercises (p < 0.01) and to a similar degree in the two groups. In the strength group but not the endurance group there were significant correlations between the slope of the change in BMD and the percentage increase in strength as follows: trochanter with leg press; intertrochanter with leg press (p < 0.05); and Ward's triangle with hip extension and hip adduction (p < 0.05). Thus these results support the notion of a site‐specific response of bone to maximal loading from resistance exercise in that although the trochanter and intertrochanteric bone density was elevated by the resistance exercises undertaken, there was no effect on the femoral neck value. Postmenopausal bone mass can be significantly increased by a strength regimen that uses high‐load low repetitions but not by an endurance regimen that uses low‐load high repetitions. We conclude that the peak load is more important than the number of loading cycles in increasing bone mass in early postmenopausal women.
Prosthetic status and treatment needs among elder's in old-age homes of Bengaluru city, India: A cross-sectional survey

Context: The estimation of treatment need is an important requirement in oral health care planning. Among the many diseases and disabilities that the elderly suffer from, diseases related to the oral cavity occupy an important place. In this regard, loss of teeth in the elderly is a major concern. Objective: To assess the dental prosthetic status and treatment needs among elderly residing in old-age homes of Bengaluru city, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 15 old-age homes in Bengaluru city, India using stratified random sampling method in which 376 elderly subjects aged 60 years and above were examined. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire which record demographic details, oral hygiene practices, oral health habits and recording of prosthetic status and treatment needs were carried out using World Health Organisation (WHO) oral health assessment form (1997). Descriptive statistics and chi – square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 376 elderly residents 150(39.9%) were male and 226(60.1%) were females in which, nearly half of the residents had no prosthesis respectively. Need for full prosthesis was more among males (21.3%) and nearly 20.1% elderly female required one-unit prosthesis. Conclusion: The prosthetic status of people living in old-age homes of Bengaluru city, India was very poor and there existed a high unmet need for prosthetic care.
PMScan : A power-managed scan for simultaneous reduction of dynamic and leakage power during scan test

In sub-70 nm technologies, leakage power becomes a significant component of the total power. Designers address this concern by extensive use of adaptive voltage scaling techniques to reduce dynamic as well as leakage power. Low-power scan test schemes that have evolved in the past primarily address dynamic power reduction, and are less effective in reducing the total power. We propose a power-managed scan (PMScan) scheme which exploits the presence of adaptive voltage scaling logic to reduce test power. We also discuss some practical implementation challenges that arise when the proposed scheme is employed on industrial designs. Experimental results on benchmark circuits and industrial designs show a significant reduction in dynamic and leakage power. The proposed method can also be used as a vehicle to trade-off test application time with test power by suitably adjusting the scan shift frequency and scan-mode power supplies.
A Robust Genome‐Wide Scan Statistic of the Wellcome Trust Case–Control Consortium

Summary In genome‐wide association (GWA) studies, test statistics that are efficient and robust across various genetic models are preferable, particularly for studying multiple diseases in the Wellcome Trust Case–Control Consortium ( WTCCC, 2007 , Nature 447, 661–678). A new test statistic, the minimum of the p‐values of the trend test and Pearson's test, was considered by the WTCCC. It is referred to here as MIN2. Because the minimum of two p‐values is no longer a valid p‐value itself, the WTCCC only used it to rank single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) but did not report the p‐values of the associated SNPs when MIN2 was used for ranking. Given its importance in practice, we derive the asymptotic null distribution of MIN2, study some of its analytical properties related to GWA studies, and compare it with existing methods (the trend test, Pearson's test, MAX3, and the constrained likelihood ratio test [CLRT]) by simulations across a wide range of possible genetic models: the recessive (REC), additive (ADD), multiplicative (MUL), dominant (DOM), and overdominant models. The results show that MAX3 and CLRT have greater efficiency robustness than other tests when the REC, ADD/MUL, and DOM models are possible, whereas Pearson's test and MIN2 have greater efficiency robustness if the possible genetic models also include the overdominant model. We conclude that robust tests (MAX3, MIN2, CLRT, and Pearson's test) are preferable to a single trend test for initial GWA studies. The four robust tests are applied to more than 100 SNPs associated with 11 common diseases identified by the two WTCCC GWA studies.
Study on the paralleling operation control of a household wind power generation system

A household wind generation system connected with the grid are advanced in this paper, in which a diode rectifier, a boost DC/DC converter and a single-phase inverter paralleled with the grid are utilized, and a grid-connected operation mode without power injection is adopted. A double-loop control method with a current loop and a voltage loop is applied to the inverter so that the inverter feed no power into the grid. Islanding prevention is simply and effectively realized by the control strategy. The effectiveness of the control strategy is verified by simulation under different operating conditions and by parallel operation experiments for the single-phase inverter.