Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microtubule-Associated Protein AtMPB 2 C Plays a Role in Organization of Cortical Microtubules , Stomata Patterning , and Tobamovirus Infectivity 1

AtMPB2C is the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homolog of MPB2C, a microtubule-associated host factor of tobacco mosaic virus movement protein that was been previously identified in Nicotiana tabacum. To analyze the endogenous function of AtMPB2C and its role in viral infections, transgenic Arabidopsis plant lines stably overexpressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-AtMPB2C were established. The GFP-AtMPB2C fusion protein was detectable in various cell types and organs and localized at microtubules in a punctuate pattern or in filaments. To determine whether overexpression impacted on the cortical microtubular cytoskeleton, GFP-AtMPB2C-overexpressing plants were compared to known microtubular marker lines. In rapidly elongated cell types such as vein cells and root cells, GFP-AtMPB2C overexpression caused highly unordered assemblies of cortical microtubules, a disturbed, snake-like microtubular shape, and star-like crossing points of microtubules. Phenotypically, GFP-AtMPB2C transgenic plants showed retarded growth but were viable and fertile. Seedlings of GFPAtMPB2C transgenic plants were characterized by clockwise twisted leaves, clustered stomata, and enhanced drought tolerance. GFP-AtMPB2C-overexpressing plants showed increased resistance against Oilseed rape mosaic virus, a close relative of Tobacco mosaic virus, but not against Cucumber mosaic virus when compared to Arabidopsis wild-type plants. These results suggest that AtMPB2C is involved in the alignment of cortical microtubules, the patterning of stomata, and restricting tobamoviral infections.
Asymmetrically distributed oligonucleotide repeats in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome sequence that map to regions important for meiotic chromosome segregation.

The roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans has a haploid karyotype containing six linear chromosomes. The termini of worm chromosomes have been proposed to play an important role in meiotic prophase, either when homologs are participating in a genome-wide search for their proper partners or in the initiation of synapsis. For each chromosome one end appears to stimulate crossing-over with the correct homolog; the other end lacks this property. We have used a bioinformatics approach to identify six repetitive sequence elements in the sequenced C.elegans genome whose distribution closely parallels these putative meiotic pairing centers (MPC) or homolog recognition regions (HRR). We propose that these six DNA sequence elements, which are largely chromosome specific, may correspond to the genetically defined HRR/MPC elements.
Moving objects with multiple transportation modes

The new applications on detecting transportation modes and advanced trip recommendations make it crucial to investigate moving objects with different transportation modes. Practically, the complete trip of a person can cover several real world environments such as road network, bus network and indoor. However, in the database community, existing methods focus on a single environment and can only manage a sub trip of the continuous movement. Consequently, moving objects passing through various environments are not represented in a database system, and novel queries regarding transportation modes cannot be supported. The aim of the thesis is to (1) define a data model that represents moving objects with different transportation modes in a database system; (2) provide efficient query processing mechanisms enabling to support novel queries; (3) evaluate the performance of such a database system called GMOD (Generic Moving Objects Database) that manages complete trips for humans. Towards this goal, at first we propose a generic method that is able to represent the location of a moving object in all environments. Since each environment consists of a set of geographic objects, a group of data types is designed to represent them. A data type for generic moving objects is defined where the location is represented by referencing to geographic objects. Afterwards, a set of operators is proposed to efficiently access the data. Definitions of both syntax and semantics are given. The proposed operators are also used to formulate queries. The data model is implemented in a database system. In order to evaluate the performance of GMOD, a tool is developed to create real world environments based on roads and floor plans. All underlying geographic objects such as roads, buses, and buildings are managed by GMOD. Within each environment, a graph as well as the algorithm is proposed for the shortest path searching, e.g., trip planning for pedestrians, indoor navigation. A complete navigation algorithm is provided to find a route through several environments. As a second step, such a route is used to produce a moving object with different transportation modes. To simulate human behavior in a realistic scenario, some rules are defined to model movement patterns such as commuting, searching the nearest interesting place. The tool is extended to create comprehensive and scalable benchmark datasets for GMOD. A set of benchmark queries is proposed and optimization techniques are also developed. We conduct an extensive experimental study to evaluate the performance of GMOD and demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of proposed approaches.
How (not) to train a dependency parser: The curious case of jackknifing part-of-speech taggers

In dependency parsing, jackknifing taggers is indiscriminately used as a simple adaptation strategy. Here, we empirically evaluate when and how (not) to use jackknifing in parsing. On 26 languages, we reveal a preference that conflicts with, and surpasses the ubiquitous ten-folding. We show no clear benefits of tagging the training data in cross-lingual parsing.
On the Miller-Chang lower bound for NDA carrier phase estimation

In this letter, we derive a new Miller-Chang lower bound (MCB) for the variance of unbiased non-data-aided (NDA) carrier phase estimates obtained from a block of N samples of a linearly modulated pulse-amplitude modulation or quadrature-amplitude modulation information signal, transmitted through an additive white Gaussian noise channel. This bound is tighter than the corresponding Crame/spl acute/r-Rao lower bound (CRB) for data-aided or continuous-wave carrier phase estimation (CW-CRB), particularly when N is small. For some given N and sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios, the MCB is tighter than the corresponding true NDA CRB. The main limitation of this new MCB is that its application is restricted to carrier phase estimators which are unbiased for all possible values of the received symbol sequence.
Perceptual) grounding as interaction

We examine how changing perceptual contexts affects grounding of words, in particular spatial descriptions, in perceptual features and argue that grounding is interactive. We discuss two effects of perceptual context. Grounding of spatial descriptions may be affected by the richness of the perceptual context which allows us to build more complex representations of scenes. Secondly, perceptual grounding is dependent on the task (and associated attention) which affects the preference of features. The second property connects perceptual grounding closely to linguistic grounding in dialogue. We argue that dynamic perceptual grounding has implications for the words-as-classifiers approach to semantics.
Friendship Repertoires and Care Arrangement

Friends are important companions and serve as sources for diverse dimensions of social support, including elderly care. Rather than researching populations that have already established care arrangements including friends, the author seeks to understand relationship systems with a focus on the inner logic friendship to consequently describe and understand involved care arrangements, be it with family members or friends. To illustrate the diversity of friendship repertoires, qualitative interviews with older adult Germans are analyzed regarding cognitive concepts of friendships in contrast to familiar ties as well as social practices around relationship systems. While some repertoires successfully include chosen ties in their care arrangements, others not only focus on family, they do not wish to receive care from friends. The article’s praxeological approach highlights the need to reflect habitual differences when thinking about elderly informal care arrangements.
¿Cuánto carbono retienen nuestros antiguos montes leñeros? Ecuaciones de biomasa para tallares de encina (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota L.) y quejigo (Q. faginea Lam.) en la zona centro de la Península Ibérica

Los tallares de Quercus mediterraneos ocupan en Espana una gran superficie, estimada en mas de dos millones de hectareas. Entre ellos destacan los de encina y quejigo. Gestionados durante anos mediante cortas a matarrasa con turnos de 15 a 30 anos para obtencion de lena, a partir de los anos 60-70 los cambios en el mercado de combustibles provocaron el abandono de estos aprovechamientos y por tanto de su gestion. Como consecuencia de ello actualmente presentan problemas selvicolas y ecologicos, que podemos resumir del siguiente modo: elevadas espesuras, crecimiento detenido, falta de regeneracion sexual, decaimiento vegetativo, riesgo de muerte de las cepas, elevadisimo riesgo de incendios. Estas masas presentan grandes cantidades de biomasa tanto en sus partes aereas como subterraneas, y por tanto cuentan tambien con grandes cantidades de carbono retenido. Sin embargo su actual situacion de inestabilidad hace que tambien sea elevado el riesgo de liberacion de este carbono (el mas evidente es el peligro de incendios). Por todo ello es muy importante avanzar en el conocimiento del funcionamiento de estos sistemas, asi como en el analisis de alternativas de gestion. Los modelos que se estan empleando actualmente para la contabilidad del carbono fijado por encina y quejigo utilizaron en su ajuste datos procedentes de masas en monte alto (regeneracion por semilla) o en monte bajo pero sometidas a resalveos de conversion (reduccion de la espesura y, por tanto, de la competencia, para potenciar el crecimiento de los resalvos y dinamizar el sistema). Por otro lado los datos empleados proceden de localidades repartidas por toda la Peninsula. En este trabajo se presentan unas nuevas ecuaciones de estimacion de biomasa aerea en funcion de diametro normal y altura total para tallares envejecidos de encina y quejigo no sometidos a resalveos y localizados en la zona centro de la Peninsula.
Differential Distribution of Syntaxin Isoforms 1A and 1B in the Rat Central Nervous System

Syntaxin 1 binds to several proteins of the synaptic terminal and is a central component in the pathway of protein–protein interactions that underlies docking and fusion of synaptic vesicles. Molecular studies revealed the occurrence of two isoforms, syntaxin 1A and syntaxin 1B, which coexpress in neural tissues. However, they display differential expression patterns in endocrine cell types. We generated isoform‐specific antibodies that were used in Western blotting and immunocytochemical studies. First, we confirmed the sole presence of syntaxin 1A in endocrine pituitary cells. Second, we found distinctive immunolabelling patterns of each isoform in the rat olfactory system, hippocampus, striatum, thalamus and spinal cord. In addition, the principal white matter commissures displayed distinct immunoreactivity for each isoform. This report shows, for the first time, major differences between the distributions of syntaxin 1A and syntaxin 1B isoforms in the rat central nervous system.
On some approaches to the autotuning of cascade controls

Some approaches to the autotuning of cascade controls are comparatively analysed, based on a conveniently characterised test batch. The reported analysis results is some remarks and possible guidelines for the design of cascade autotuners. It is worth noting that the presented simulation study considers the ldquoidentification experimentrdquo as part of the autotuning procedure.
Effects of Melatonin on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Sheep Granulosa Cells under Thermal Stress

The cross-talk between oocyte and somatic cells plays a crucial role in the regulation of follicular development and oocyte maturation. As a result, granulosa cell apoptosis causes follicular atresia. In this study, sheep granulosa cells were cultured under thermal stress to induce apoptosis, and melatonin (MT) was examined to evaluate its potential effects on heat-induced granulosa cell injury. The results demonstrated that the Colony Forming Efficiency (CFE) of granulosa cells was significantly decreased (heat 19.70% ± 1.29% vs. control 26.96% ± 1.81%, p < 0.05) and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (heat 56.16% ± 13.95%vs. control 22.80% ± 12.16%, p < 0.05) in granulosa cells with thermal stress compared with the control group. Melatonin (10−7 M) remarkably reduced the negative effects caused by thermal stress in the granulosa cells. This reduction was indicated by the improved CFE and decreased apoptotic rate of these cells. The beneficial effects of melatonin on thermal stressed granulosa cells were not inhibited by its membrane receptor antagonist luzindole. A mechanistic exploration indicated that melatonin (10−7 M) down-regulated p53 and up-regulated Bcl-2 and LHR gene expression of granulosa cells under thermal stress. This study provides evidence for the molecular mechanisms of the protective effects of melatonin on granulosa cells during thermal stress.
Declarative Data Services: This Is Your Data on SOA

With the current push towards service-oriented architectures (SOA) and process orientation, data seems to be getting lost in the SOA shuffle. At the end of the day, however, most applications are still about data, and service-oriented applications are no different. In this talk, we will argue that data services are a critical piece of the SOA application puzzle. We will discuss an approach to SOA data modeling that involves defining a network of related data services. We will also make the case for a declarative approach to defining such services, showing how the proposed approach enables a level of highly performant composition (reuse) that is not attainable through other, more traditional approaches. Along the way we will identify industry standards from W3C and other consortia that offer a standards-based foundation for data services.
ubstance use and sexual behavior among recent Hispanic immigrant dolescents : Effects of parent – adolescent differential acculturation and ommunication

Objectives: To ascertain the effects of parent–adolescent acculturation gaps, perceived discrimination, and perceived negative context of reception on adolescent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, sexual activity, and sexual risk taking. We used an expanded, multidimensional model of acculturation. Method: A sample of 302 recently immigrated parent–adolescent dyads (152 from Miami and 150 from Los Angeles) completed measures of acculturation (Hispanic and American practices and identifications, and individualist and collectivist values) and parent–adolescent communication. Adolescents completed measures of recent cigarette smoking, alcohol use, sexual behavior, and sexual risk taking. Results: Parent–adolescent gaps in American practices and ethnic identity, and perceptions of a negative context of reception, predicted compromised parent–adolescent communication. In Miami only, adolescent-reported communication negatively predicted odds of cigarette smoking, occasions of drunkenness, and number of sexual partners. Also in Miami only, parent-reported communication positively predicted these outcomes, as well as occasions of adolescent binge drinking, drunkenness, number of sexual partners, and odds of unprotected sex. The only significant findings in Los Angeles were protective effects of parent-reported communication on frequency of alcohol use and of binge drinking. Mediational effects emerged only in the Miami sample. Conclusions: Effects of parent–adolescent acculturation gaps vary across Hispanic groups and receiving contexts. The especially strong parental control in many Mexican families may account for these differences. However, other important differences between Hispanic subgroups and communities of reception could also account for these differences. Prevention efforts might encourage Hispanic youth both to retain their culture of origin and to acquire American culture.
Pelvic Scoring for Elective Induction

Elective induction of labor is considered a controversial aspect of pregnancy management. Its advantages are that it combines an easy short and convenient labor with a minimal and acceptable rate of perinatal mortality. Its critics condemn the procedure as dangerous to both mother and child. The oxytocin infusion method of induction is not criticized. The point of controversy is the method of selecting suitable candidates. The following conditions should be met in the selection of candidates: 1) no nulliparous womans labor benefits enough to render the procedure worthwhile; 2) no induction should be performed before within 3 weeks of term; 3) the fetal presentation should be vertex; 4) a history of previous abnormal pregnancy or the presence of any complicating factor in the present pregnancy should be contraindicative; and 5) the patient should be adequately informed. Beyond these minimum requirements a standardized method for selecting suitable patients for induction has been developed. Evaluation of the dilatation effacement consistency and position of the cervix plus the station of the presenting part are all assessed for a combined pelvic score. This evaluation is done through a pelvic examination. Experience suggests that elective induction has been successful when the pelvic score totalled 9 or more and the average duration of such labor procedures was less than 4 hours. The score can warn of premature labor.
Taking the path of least resistance?: Decision-making in police investigations of illegal wildlife trade

The article considers the level of professionalism in police investigations of illegal wildlife trade in Norway by identifying factors that influence the decision-making of investigators and prosecutors. It argues that with a lack of achievement targets, weak management of environmental crime investigation, and national laws that prevent the regulation of domestic trade in species covered by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, investigations become compromised. Inconsistent crime recording impedes the production of reliable statistics on the extent and distribution of violations, which likely has a negative effect on decisions to prioritize such cases. Many investigations result in fines, conditional discharges, or dismissals based on insufficient evidence or lack of prosecutorial capacity. However, the variations in the sample prevent reaching generally applicable conclusions about the overall state of investigations. Arguably, a lack of direction at the policy level leaves investigations vulnerable to systemic weaknesses, as they are largely dependent on the dedication of individual officers and local leaders. Introduction Criminal investigations are intended to solve crimes, identify perpetrators, launch prosecutions, establish innocence or guilt at trial, and bring offenders to justice (Roberts 2007). Investigation is an information-processing activity that relies heavily on the decisionmaking abilities of the investigators (Stelfox 2009; Innes 2003) and undergoing a process of professionalization with repeated demands that police work be knowledge-based and that investigators need specialized skills to investigate a range of crime categories (Stelfox 2009; Hald and Rønn 2013). White (2008) calls dealing with environmental crime ‘dealing with the unknown’ as it is a relatively new area of police work. Drawing on theories of investigation and professional discretion, this article critically examines investigations of illegal wildlife trade in Norway. Through interviews with investigators and prosecutors, it aims to identify influential factors in the discretionary decision-making process in investigations, with particular emphasis on violations of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The purpose of the Convention is to ensure that
Regulated Proteolysis of NOTCH2 and NOTCH3 Receptors by ADAM10 and Presenilins

ABSTRACT In mammals, there are four NOTCH receptors and five Delta-Jagged-type ligands regulating many aspects of embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. NOTCH proteins are type I transmembrane receptors that interact with ligands on adjacent cells and are activated by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). The activation mechanism of NOTCH1 receptors upon ligand binding is well understood and requires cleavage by ADAM10 metalloproteases prior to intramembranous cleavage by γ-secretase. How the other human NOTCH receptor homologues are activated upon ligand binding is not known. Here, we dissect the proteolytic activation mechanism of the NOTCH2 and NOTCH3 receptors. We show that NOTCH2 and NOTCH3 signaling can be triggered by both Delta-Jagged-type ligands and requires ADAM10 and presenilin-1 or -2. Importantly, we did not find any role for the highly related ADAM17/TACE (tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme) protease in ligand-induced NOTCH2 or NOTCH3 signaling. These results demonstrate that canonical ligand-induced proteolysis of the NOTCH1, -2, and -3 receptors strictly depends on consecutive cleavage of these receptors by ADAM10 and the presenilin-containing γ-secretase complex, leading to transcriptional activation.
Wireless SAW Temperature Sensor System for High-Speed High-Voltage Motors

This paper gives an overview on the system development of a wireless surface acoustic wave (SAW) temperature measurement application in high-speed high-voltage motors. The measurement location of interest is on the rotor in the vicinity of the copper squirrel cage. To fit the sensor in a 4 mm bore, a custom packaging with outer dimensions of 10.0 × 3.1 × 2.0 mm3 has been developed. For the purpose of interrogation a mechanically robust metal slot antenna has been designed to withstand rotation speeds up to 15 000 rpm. As the sensor interacts only during a very short time of a few 100 μs with the reader antenna a fast frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) reader was developed. The reader operates in the ISM band of 2.4 GHz and achieves a typical sweep time for data acquisition of 100 μs. The sensor system has been tested both in test bed and real engine conditions and performed stable read outs, although in the real engine signal behavior is disturbed by reflections and possibly electromagnetic field bursts caused by the power converter.
Enantiodivergent Synthesis of (+)- and (-)-Pyrrolidine 197B: Synthesis of trans-2,5-Disubstituted Pyrrolidines by Intramolecular Hydroamination.

A highly efficient, diastereoselective, iron(III)-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamination/cyclization reaction involving α-substituted amino alkenes is described. Thus, enantiopure trans-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines and trans-5-substituted proline derivatives were synthesized by means of a combination of enantiopure starting materials, easily available from l-α-amino acids, with sustainable metal catalysts such as iron(III) salts. The scope of this methodology is highlighted in an enantiodivergent approach to the synthesis of both (+)- and (-)-pyrrolidine 197B alkaloids from l-glutamic acid. In addition, a computational study was carried out to gain insight into the complete diastereoselectivity of the transformation.