Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Student connections with academic texts: a phenomenographic study of reading

Concerns about the ability of post-secondary students to read scholarly materials are well documented in the literature. A key aspect of reading at the deeper level expected of these students is connecting new information to prior knowledge. This study is based on an activity where students were explicitly required to make such connections as part of an in-class workshop on reading. Phenomenographic analysis of these connections showed that students could establish links between the scholarly article and their personal and academic knowledge. It also showed that students read at both surface and deep levels, making connections to the words in the text or on a deeper level, to the meaning of the text. These insights suggest ways of encouraging students to deepen their engagement with academic texts.
Delay in Photoemission

Defining Time-Zero When a high-energy photon hits an atom and is absorbed, the result can be the excitation and emission of an electron. This photoemission, or photoelectric effect, is generally assumed to occur instantaneously, and represents the definition of “time-zero” in clocking such ultrafast events. Schultze et al. (p. 1658, see the cover; see the Perspective by van der Hart) use ultrafast spectroscopy, with light pulses on the time scale of several tens of attoseconds, to test this assumption directly. They excite neon atoms with 100 eV photons and find that there is a small (20-attosecond) time delay between the emission of electrons from the 2s and 2p orbitals of the atoms. These results should have implications in modeling electron dynamics occurring on ultrafast time scales. Ultrafast metrology reveals a 20-attosecond delay between photoemission from different electronic orbitals in neon atoms. Photoemission from atoms is assumed to occur instantly in response to incident radiation and provides the basis for setting the zero of time in clocking atomic-scale electron motion. We used attosecond metrology to reveal a delay of 21±5 attoseconds in the emission of electrons liberated from the 2p orbitals of neon atoms with respect to those released from the 2s orbital by the same 100–electron volt light pulse. Small differences in the timing of photoemission from different quantum states provide a probe for modeling many-electron dynamics. Theoretical models refined with the help of attosecond timing metrology may provide insight into electron correlations and allow the setting of the zero of time in atomic-scale chronoscopy with a precision of a few attoseconds.
Gender stereotypes for proposed DSM-IV negativistic, depressive, narcissistic, and dependent personality disorders

Diagnostic criteria for proposed DSM-IV negativistic (Ng), depressive (Ds), narcissistic (Nr), and dependent (Dp) personality disorders (PD) were evaluated for gender stereotype influence. University students (N = 82, 63 women, 19 men) untrained in diagnosis assigned gender to four vignettes which represented each of the above disorders. Agreement was found in gender assignment for NrPD and DpPD, but not for NgPD or DsPD. NrPD was associated with men (p < .05), while DpPD was associated with women (p < .05). Students who knew someone like the person described in the vignette labeled the NrDP as male (p < .05) and the DpPD as female (p < .05). Students who had seen a character like DpPD in a film more often labeled the DpPD vignette as female (p < .005). The proposed DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for DsPD and NgPD were not associated with gender stereotypes.
A parametric Bayesian RMC gamma-ray image reconstruction

Rotational modulation collimation (RMC) is a technique commonly used for standoff imaging of radiological sources in the context of homeland security. The paper presents a novel method for gamma ray image reconstruction from modulation signals acquired by a RMC detector prototyped by DSTO. The image is represented in a parametric form as a weighted sum of Gaussian radial basis functions. The problem is thus formulated as a parameter estimation problem and solved in the Bayesian framework using a multi-stage Monte Carlo technique known as progressive correction. A comparison with EM and MAP image reconstruction algorithms is provided.
Children's risk taking behaviors: the role of child-based perceptions of vulnerability and temperament.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between perceptions of vulnerability, temperament, and children's risk taking behavior in a simulated home environment. METHODS Children and their primary caregivers were interviewed regarding temperament and perceptions of vulnerability to injury. In addition, children's interactions with simulated hazards were observed in an environment representing a typical home. RESULTS Children whose caregivers reported higher levels of activity were significantly more likely to report lower perceptions of vulnerability to injury and show increased risky behavior. After controlling for gender differences, children's risky behaviors were predicted from child-based perceptions of vulnerability. CONCLUSION Perceptions of vulnerability and active temperaments represent significant risk factors for potential injuries in the home. Modifying perceptions of vulnerability as well as identifying at-risk temperaments for injuries is important to consider when developing effective interventions.
Performance analysis of frequency reuse techniques under varying cellular network scenarios

Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) schemes are frequency allocation techniques used in cellular systems for interference mitigation and enhancing resource utilization. In this paper, analysis is presented comparing FFR and other FR algorithms under realistic network situations. Most implementations in literature considered uniform mobile placements and perfect grid models where well-defined hexagonal layouts are used for the Base station (BS) deployment. More practical scenarios are considered here including random mobile placements and irregular BS deployments. Results are presented using the relevant performance metrics; signal-to-interference-noise ratio (SINR) and capacity. The relationship between SINR and capacity, as well as comparison between FFR schemes over different parameter configurations are presented. The investigations provide valuable insights into the practical performance of FFR; crucial for optimizing cellular design.
MINIMIZING MAKESPAN AND WORKSTATION UTILIZATION IN A FLOWSHOP WITH OPERATIONS FLEXIBILITY

Operations flexibility refers to production environments where there are more tasks than workstations and any task can be assigned to any workstation. This article investigates the advantages of operations flexibility in a flowshop when the objectives are to minimize the makespan and workstation utilization. The proposed heuristic framework consists of two phases, allocation of operations to workstations and generation of job sequencing. Moreover, an improvement procedure based on simulated annealing is implemented for this problem. Experiments are conducted to: analyze the impact of operations flexibility; demonstrate that schedules that are makespan optimal may not be machine utilization optimal and vice versa; and analyze the performance of the proposed heuristics.
The performance of QoS-aware IP multicast routing protocols

Much research has been done on supporting real-time IP multicast applications with dynamic group member joining and QoS requirements. Various existing greedy QoS-aware routing protocols, such as YAM and QoSMIC have been shown to outperform shortest-path heuristics, such as PIM and DVMRP. However they still suffer from the problem of poor scalability resulting from high control overhead, un-robustness for centralized group manager, and longer than necessary join latency. In addition, most existing dynamic join protocols perform best when group members are either densely populated or sparsely populated, but not both. In this paper, we introduce a distributed candidates selection protocol, named DSDMR, that is capable of self-adaptation depending on sensed group densities by ways of an adaptive two-direction join mechanism. We evaluate our scheme using extensive simulations and found that DSDMR can create low cost tree close to optimal greedy strategy with very low control overhead and join latency.
Low-dose “metronomic chemotherapy” with oral cyclophosphamide and methotrexate in metastatic breast cancer: a case report of extraordinarily prolonged clinical benefit

We report the case of a 34-year-old woman affected by breast cancer that had metastasized to the bone. She had been treated with oral cyclophosphamide and methotrexate (metronomic chemotherapy) and achieved 3.5 years of clinical remission. To our knowledge, this is the first description of such a prolonged response to therapy. This case report adds weight to known data on metronomic treatment and supports further investigation of this therapy.
Quintessential kination and leptogenesis

Thermal leptogenesis induced by the CP-violating decay of a right-handed neutrino (RHN) is discussed against the background of quintessential kination, i.e., in a cosmological model where the energy density of the early Universe is assumed to be dominated by the kinetic term of a quintessence field during some epoch of its evolution. This assumption may lead to very different observational consequences compared to the case of a standard cosmology where the energy density of the Universe is dominated by radiation. We show that, depending on the choice of the temperature Tr above which kination dominates over radiation, all situations between the strong and the superweak wash-out regimes are equally viable for leptogenesis, even with the RHN Yukawa coupling fixed to provide the observed atmospheric neutrino mass scale ∼0.05 eV. For , i.e., when kination stops to dominate at a time which is not much later than when leptogenesis takes place, the efficiency of the process, defined as the ratio between the produced lepton asymmetry and the amount of CP asymmetry in the RHN decay, can be larger than in the standard scenario of radiation domination. This possibility is limited to the case when the neutrino mass scale is larger than about 0.01 eV. The superweak wash-out regime is obtained for , and includes the case when Tr is close to the nucleosynthesis temperature, ∼1 MeV. In this latter case the efficiency for leptogenesis is strongly suppressed, but can still explain the baryon asymmetry observed in the Universe when a resonant CP asymmetry of order 1 is assumed. Irrespective of Tr, we always find a sufficient window above the electroweak temperature T∼100 GeV for the sphaleron transition to thermalize, so that the lepton asymmetry can always be converted to the observed baryon asymmetry.
NEPSY-II Review

The NEPSY–Second Edition (NEPSY-II), published by Harcourt Assessment Inc., is an updated and modified version of the NEPSY (Korkman, Kirk, & Kemp, 1998). The NEPSY-II is an individually administered compendium of tests designed to assess neuropsychological development in children ranging from 3 to 16.11 years old. The authors of the NESPY-II continued the tradition from the NEPSY in using the Luria theoretical approach to assessment of neurological functioning, where multiple brain systems contribute to overall neural functioning (Luria, 1973). The NEPSY-II has utility in diagnosing a variety of childhood disorders. The insight into cognitive, academic, social, and behavioral issues lent by the NEPSY-II can also facilitate school-based intervention planning, special education eligibility decision making, and the development of appropriate Individual Education Plans. The NEPSY-II uses several unique features that increase its utility in evaluating children and adolescents. Subtests were created to yield a developmentally appropriate neuropsychological profile for the normative age groups. Standardization was then completed in conjunction with a number of typically employed and well-respected assessment instruments to allow direct comparison between the frequently obtained results and those from the NESPY-II. This feature permits the examiner to employ the NEPSY-II in clarifying the meaning of a variety of neuropsychological, intellectual, memory, and achievement test outcomes. Administration of the NEPSY-II is designed to maximize clinical utility by allowing users to vary subtest order depending on clinical judgment or the child’s behavior profile. Finally, NEPSY-II results are designed to assist an examiner in identifying the pattern of neuropsychological strengths and weaknesses typical in a number of conditions diagnosed in childhood and adolescence.
Safety of Allogeneic Canine Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intraspinal Transplantation in Dogs with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

This is a pilot clinical study primarily designed to assess the feasibility and safety of X-ray-guided percutaneous intraspinal injection of allogeneic canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in dogs with chronic spinal cord injury. Six dogs with chronic paraplegia (≥six months) were intraparenchymally injected with allogeneic cells in the site of lesion. Cells were obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue of a healthy dog, cultured to passage 3, labeled with 99mTechnetium, and transplanted into the lesion by percutaneous X-ray-guided injection. Digital X-ray efficiently guided cell injection as 99mTechnetium-labeled cells remained in the injection site for at least 24 hours after transplantation. No adverse effects or complications (infection, neuropathic pain, or worsening of neurological function) were observed during the 16-week follow-up period after transplantation. Three animals improved locomotion as assessed by the Olby scale. One animal walked without support, but no changes in deep pain perception were observed. We conclude that X-ray-guided percutaneous intraspinal transplantation of allogeneic cells in dogs with chronic spinal cord injury is feasible and safe. The efficacy of the treatment will be assessed in a new study involving a larger number of animals.
Accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p 27 / Kip 1 and the timing of oligodendrocyte differentiation that migrate into the developing nerve from the brain

that migrate into the developing nerve from the brain, Béatrice Durand1, Fen-Biao Gao and beginning about a week before birth (Small et al., 1987). Martin Raff Oligodendrocytes first appear in the nerve around the day Medical Research Council Developmental Neurobiology Programme, of birth and then increase in number for the next 6 weeks MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the Biology (Barres et al., 1992). Department, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK Clonal analyses of either single (Temple and Raff, 1Corresponding author 1986) or purified (Barres et al., 1994) oligodendrocyte
Detection of Dissolved Lactose Employing an Optofluidic Micro-System

In this work, a novel optofluidic sensor principle is employed for a non-invasive and label-free characterization of lactose containing liquid samples. Especially for medicine and food industry, a simple, fast and accurate determination of the amount of lactose in various products is highly desirable. The presented system exploits the impact of dissolved molecules on the refractive index for sample characterization. On the optofluidic chip, a microfluidic channel filled with the analyte is hit by slightly diverging laser light. The center incident angle of the beam on-chip is set close to the critical angle for total internal reflection. Both the reflected and the transmitted light signals are recorded at the solid-liquid interface. The ratio of those two signals is then used as representative value for the analyte. Using this principle, lactose containing samples were differentiated based on their concentrations at a step size of 10 mmol/L. The use of the signals ratio instead of a single signal approach improves the stability of the system significantly, allowing for higher resolutions to be achieved. Furthermore, the fabrication of the devices in PDMS ensures biocompatibility and provides low absorbance of light in the visible range.
A distributed QoS mechanism for ad hoc network

This paper presents a new mechanism of QoS Medium Access in ad hoc IEEE 802.11 network. The Distributed Coordination Function Ad Hoc (DCFAH) offers a fair medium access mechanism and a minimum bandwidth to all stations that ask for Quality of Service (QoS). Also is concerned about the delay and jitter metrics. The DCFAH uses the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) mechanism to provide the difference of QoS services among flows inside a station. The fairness of DCFAH is provided with the use of a distributed control mechanism during the QoS period. The DCFAH also provides the Best Effort (BE) service to applications that do not need QoS.
The Activity of Topoisomerase I Is Modulated by Large T Antigen during Unwinding of the SV40 Origin*

When simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen binds to the virus origin of replication, it forms a double hexamer that functions as a helicase to unwind the DNA bidirectionally. We demonstrate in this report that T antigen can unwind and release an origin DNA single strand of less than full length in the presence of purified human topoisomerase I. The sites nicked by topoisomerase I in the strands released by T antigen during DNA unwinding were localized primarily to the “late” side of the origin, and the template for lagging strand synthesis was preferred significantly over the one for leading strand synthesis. Importantly, these sites were, for the most part, different from the sites nicked by topoisomerase I in the absence of T antigen. These data indicate that T antigen activates topoisomerase I nicking at discrete sites and releases these nicked strands during unwinding. We hypothesize that a single molecule of topoisomerase I can form a functional complex with a double hexamer of T antigen to simultaneously relax and unwind double-stranded origin-containing DNA.
The state and evolution of information systems research in canada: a scientometric analysis

This paper investigates the state and evolution of information systems (IS) research in Canada as reflected in publications of the proceedings of the annual conference of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada from 1974 to 2007. We present a scientometric analysis of (a) individual and institutional research outputs; (b) differences in three productivity score calculation methods: straight count, equal credit, and author position; (c) study topics; (d) research methods; and (e) use of student samples. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cet article examine l'etat et l'evolution de la recherche en systemes d'information (IS) au Canada en se basant sur les publications contenues dans les actes des congres annuels de l'Association des sciences administratives du Canada de 1974 a 2007. L'article presente une analyse scientometrique: (a) des resultats des recherches individuelles et institutionnelles; (b) des differences entre trois methodes de calcul des scores de productivite, a savoir: le decompte direct, le credit egal et la position de l'auteur; (c) des sujets d'etude; (d) des methodes de recherche et (e) de l'utilisation des echantillons estudiantins. Copyright © 2008 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stenning's Protocol Implemented in UDP and Verified in Isabelle

This paper is about the mechanical verification of UDP based network programs. It uses the UDP portion of a formal model of the Internet protocols TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol). The model includes asynchronous message passing, message loss and host failure. The model is based around the sockets library, the primary API used for writing UDP and TCP based applications. This paper demonstrates that formal, machine-checked, proof is possible in the UDP model by presenting the proof of a safety property for an implementation of Stenning's Protocol. The protocol is implemented in a fragment of the OCaml language, using the sockets library for UDP network communication. The entire development including the safety proof is carried out in the proof assistant Isabelle; this assures soundness. Thus this paper demonstrates that it is possible to machine verify very concrete representations of distributed programs in a detailed semantics that accurately reflects the programs execution environment. Previously only abstract representations of this protocol have been machine verified. The proof, based on an implementation, provides a contrast to other verifications.
EMOTIONAL RETREAT AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION: TOWARDS BIOGRAPHICAL METHODS IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

This article argues the relevance of biographical case study methods as a tool for professional practice. The case of Laura, manager of a small hostel for homeless people, shows hidden reserves of emotional understanding which Laura finds too risky to bring into play. Analysis of the structure of the interview shows the enactment and lowering of Laura's defences in interaction with the interviewer. The article argues for support and supervision to allow professionals to recognise and use their capacities for emotional thinking, and that this kind of ‘experiential truth’ is key both for users and professionals in tackling social exclusion. Methodological parallels between biographical methods and effective training are also drawn through discussion of responses to a training video based on a fictionalised version of a critical incident from this interview.
Collective teacher efficacy, pupil attainment and socio-economic status in primary school®

Collective teacher efficacy (CTE) refers to the collective perception in a school that teachers make an educational difference to their pupils over and above the impact of their social circumstances. This study explored the relationships between CTE, socio-economic status (SES) and pupil attainment levels in reading, writing and mathematics (at the whole primary school level). Sixty-six teachers in 15 out of 19 schools in a small Local Authority participated. Significant positive relationships were found between SES and attainment in reading and mathematics (but not writing). However, significant positive relationships were also found between CTE and attainment in reading and writing (but not mathematics). Neither SES nor CTE independently accounted for a statistically significant proportion of the total variance in attainment. However, CTE appeared to have a much stronger independent impact than SES in writing (and also a modest independent impact in reading). One school with an atypical pattern of high CTE and high attainment despite low SES was studied in depth. Here, school climate or ethos, high quality in-service training and a focus upon pedagogy were perceived as the most potent factors in raising attainment. When these factors serve to heighten CTE, the impact of SES on pupil attainment may be reduced, and this may be easier in some subjects than others.
A Context-Sensitive Active Contour for 2D Corpus Callosum Segmentation

We propose a new context-sensitive active contour for 2D corpus callosum segmentation. After a seed contour consisting of interconnected parts is being initialized by the user, each part will start to deform according to its own motion law derived from high-level prior knowledge, and is constantly aware of its own orientation and destination during the deformation process. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of our algorithm.
A Distributed Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Network Routing

In this paper we describe a self-adjusting algorithm for packet routing, in which a reinforcement learning module is embedded into each node of a switching network. Only local communication is used to keep accurate statistics at each node on which routing policies lead to minimal delivery times. In simple experiments involving a 36-node, irregularly connected network, this learning approach proves superior to a nonadaptive algorithm based on precomputed shortest paths.