Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Se p 20 07 Centrifugally driven electrostatic instability in extragalactic jets

The stability problem of the rotation induced electrostatic wave in extragalactic jets is presented. Solving a set of equations describing dynamics of a relativistic plasma flow of AGN jets, an expression of the instability rate has been derived and analyzed for typical values of AGNs. The growth rate was studied versus the wave length and inclination angle and it has been found that the instability time scales are less by many orders of magnitude than evolution time scales of accreton, indicating high efficiency of the instability.
Cramér-Rao Lower Bound for Point Based Image Registration With Heteroscedastic Error Model for Application in Single Molecule Microscopy

The Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimation of the affine transformation parameters in a multivariate heteroscedastic errors-in-variables model is derived. The model is suitable for feature-based image registration in which both sets of control points are localized with errors whose covariance matrices vary from point to point. With focus given to the registration of fluorescence microscopy images, the Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimation of a feature's position (e.g., of a single molecule) in a registered image is also derived. In the particular case where all covariance matrices for the localization errors are scalar multiples of a common positive definite matrix (e.g., the identity matrix), as can be assumed in fluorescence microscopy, then simplified expressions for the Cramér-Rao lower bound are given. Under certain simplifying assumptions these expressions are shown to match asymptotic distributions for a previously presented set of estimators. Theoretical results are verified with simulations and experimental data.
An integrated receiver channel for a laser scanner

An integrated receiver channel for a compact scanning automotive LIDAR sensor is presented. It is designed to meet the requirements of the traffic application, such as a very wide dynamic range of the input signal, accurate timing detection and the possibility for detecting several successive pulses that may be caused by rain or mirror reflections, for example. The receiver operates on the leading edge timing discrimination principle. The input amplitude-dependent timing error is compensated for by measuring the pulse length with a multi-channel TDC and knowing the relation between the error and the pulse length. A timing accuracy of ± 10ps (±1.5mm in distance) within a dynamic range of 1:2 000 was achieved.
Risk and protective factors associated with depressive symptomatology in youth with AD/HD

Youth diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) are at approximately five-times greater risk for developing depression (Angold, Costello, & Erkanli, 1999). In an effort to explain this relationship, both risk and protective factors from the Failure Model (Patterson & Capaldi, 1990) were examined in an AD/HD sample. A total of 30 youth with rigorously defined AD/HD and their maternal caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Consistent with study hypotheses familial risk (i.e., maternal depression, youth aggression, and negative parenting practices) was associated with increased depressive symptomatology, whereas youth perceived competence was associated with decreased depressive symptomatology in AD/HD youth. These findings suggest that the Failure Model (Patterson & Capaldi, 1990) has utility in explaining the relationship between AD/HD and depression.
To Solve the High Degree Congruence

In this paper, the authors derive a new sufficient and necessary condition for the high degree congruence x n a (mod p) to have solutions from a known discriminant. Put forward the definition of the trivial solution to the congruence, elaborate two methods of computing the trivial solution in deterministic polynomial time, argue that non-trivial solutions to the congruence can not be obtained cyclically from the trivial solution, and infer the two new methods of seeking the trivial solution. The paper analyzes the time complexity of a probabilistic algorithm for random solutions to the congruence without especially large p and n, and gives the discrete logarithm time algorithm for non-trivial solutions to the congruence with especially large p or n. Therefore, the paper discusses roundly the way how to seek solutions to the congruence x n a (mod p), which is helpful to designing new public-key cryptosystems.
Selective Effects of Potassium Elevations on Glutamate Signaling and Action Potential Conduction in Hippocampus

High-frequency synaptic transmission is depressed by moderate rises in the extracellular potassium concentration ([K+]o). Previous reports have indicated that depression of action potential signaling may underlie the synaptic depression. Here, we investigated the specific contribution of K+-induced action potential changes to synaptic depression. We found that glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampal area CA1 was significantly depressed by 8-10 mm [K+]o, but that GABAergic transmission remained intact. Riluzole, a drug that slows recovery from inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaChs), interacts with subthreshold [K+]o to depress afferent volleys and EPSCs strongly. Thus, elevated [K+]o likely depresses synapses by slowing NaCh recovery from inactivation. It is unclear from previous studies whether [K+]o-induced action potential depression is caused by changes in initiation, reliability, or waveform. We investigated these possibilities explicitly. [K+]o-induced afferent volley depression was independent of stimulus strength, suggesting that changes in action potential initiation do not explain [K+]o-induced depression. Measurements of action potentials from single axons revealed that 8 mm [K+]o increased conduction failures in a subpopulation of fibers and depressed action potential amplitude in all fibers. Together, these changes quantitatively account for the afferent volley depression. We estimate that conduction failure explains more than half of the synaptic depression observed at 8 mm [K+]o, with the remaining depression likely explained by waveform changes. These mechanisms of selective sensitivity of glutamate release to [K+]o accumulation represent a unique neuromodulatory mechanism and a brake on runaway excitation.
Effect of Long-term High-Fat Feeding on the Expression of Pancreatic Lipases and Adipose Tissue Uncoupling Proteins in Mice

Introduction A diet containing a high amount of fat has been shown, in short-term studies, to increase the expression of pancreatic lipase and colipase. Aim To investigate the effects of long-term high-fat–feeding (113 days) on the mRNA expression of pancreatic lipase, colipase, pancreatic lipase-related proteins (1 and 2), and uncoupling proteins during the development of obesity and glucose intolerance. Methodology Mice were fed either a high-fat or standard diet and killed after 3, 13, 57, and 113 days. Brown and white adipose tissues from the pancreas were collected for mRNA extraction. Results The high-fat–fed mice became obese and glucose-intolerant by 113 days. The high-fat diet increased lipase (p < 0.05) expression initially. At the end of the experiment, the lipase levels had decreased to the level of the control. Colipase levels did not change during the first 57 days of high-fat feeding but decreased below control levels by 113 days (p < 0.05). The high-fat diet increased brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)(p < 0.005) expression but not the expression of uncoupling protein 2. Conclusion Long-term high-fat feeding, leading to glucose intolerance, occurs with a simultaneous decrease in the mRNA expression of pancreatic lipase and colipase and an increase in UCP1 expression.
Cohort Profile Cohort Profile : The Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis ( JPOS ) Cohort Study

The Japanese Population-based Osteoporosis (JPOS) Cohort Study was launched in 1996 to produce a reference database of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone turnover markers in the Japanese female population and to determine risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. At baseline, 3984 women aged 15 to 79 years were randomly selected to provide representative bone status data and aBMD values for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Follow-up surveys were conducted in 1999, 2002, 2006 and 2011/12 to determine changes in aBMD and identify incident morphometry-confirmed vertebral fractures and clinical fractures. These outcomes were obtained from 2174 women who participated in at least one follow-up survey. JPOS is a unique resource of individual-level bone health information with radiological and biological archives that include DXA images, and serum, plasma and DNA for future analyses with emerging radiological and biological techniques. The JPOS dataset is not freely available, but new collaborations are encouraged. Potential collaborators are invited to contact the Secretary General (M.I.) at the administrative office of the JPOS Study Group. VC The Author 2014; all rights reserved. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association 405 International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 405–414 doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu084 Advance Access Publication Date: 28 May 2014
Manual Annotation of Semi-Structured Documents for Entity-Linking

The Entity Linking (EL) problem consists in automatically linking short fragments of text within a document to entities in a given Knowledge Base like Wikipedia. Due to its impact in several text-understanding related tasks, EL is an hot research topic. The correlated problem of devising the most relevant entities mentioned in the document, a.k. a. salient entities (SE), is also attracting increasing interest. Unfortunately, publicly available evaluation datasets that contain accurate and supervised knowledge about mentioned entities and their relevance ranking are currently very poor both in number and quality. This lack makes very difficult to compare different EL and SE solutions on a fair basis, as well as to devise innovative techniques that relies on these datasets to train machine learning models, in turn used to automatically link and rank entities. In this demo paper we propose a Web-deployed tool that allows to crowdsource the creation of these datasets, by supporting the collaborative human annotation of semi-structured documents. The tool, called Elianto, is actually an open source framework, which provides a user friendly and reactive Web interface to support both EL and SE labelling tasks, through a guided two-step process.
Background error covariance functions for vector wind analyses using Doppler‐radar radial‐velocity observations

A two‐dimensional form of cross‐covariance function between the radar radial‐ and tangential‐components (with respect to the direction of radar beam) of background wind errors is derived. Like the previously derived auto‐covariance function for the radial component, this cross‐covariance function is homogeneous but non‐isotropic in the horizontal. The auto‐ and cross‐covariance functions are used with the statistical interpolation technique to perform a vector wind analysis from Doppler radial‐velocity observations on a conical surface of low‐elevation radar‐scans. The structures of the two covariance functions are compared and interpreted in terms of the influence of a single‐point radial‐velocity observation on the analysed vector wind field. The utility and value of these covariance functions are demonstrated through analysis experiments that use either simulated radial‐velocity data from idealized flows or real radar observations. The results of the statistical interpolation scheme utilizing the proposed covariance functions are shown to be superior to the results of traditional VAD technique. The proposed technique can actually be considered a generalization of the traditional VAD technique. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society
A Beautiful Campaign?

Dove's “real women” ads reached Israel in 2006. Part of a campaign with a social message, they aimed at changing society's stereotypical image of women, expanding the definition of beauty, empowering women, and generating public debate of these issues. This paper examines the discourse that emerged in Israel in two arenas: the Internet forum on the company's website and the media. It seeks to answer the questions: how successful was the campaign's direct appeal for public debate; what issues were raised and how were they addressed; and did a feminist voice emerge? The findings show that the discourse, particularly in the forum, was primarily patriarchal. The underlying premise and tacit message of most participants, male and female, was that women are required to meet society's patriarchal expectations as shaped by the conventional ideal of beauty. Furthermore, the participants' thinking patterns and conceptualization (e.g., binary thinking, ranking the women in the ads by appearance) revealed an androcentric bias. These findings suggest that the virtual realm cannot necessarily be expected to enable unconventional public debate. On the contrary, the Internet appears to reflect traditional patterns of power and oppression. The results are discussed in light of the social/cultural context of Israel.
A Novel Concept of the Rehabilitation Training Coach Robot for Patients with Disability

This paper proposes the rehabilitation treatment coach robot which will help at-home patients do their rehabilitation exercises at home without any professional trainers. The coach robot is designed to be cheap enough for patients to afford it. The robot suggests the rehabilitation program and corrects the posture of the patients during the exercise. The deep neural network is used for posture correction. Besides, the voice interface is applied for convenient interaction between robot and patients during the exercise. The emergency detection module is adopted which will inform doctors when emergency happens on patients. The emergency detection will be implemented using deep neural network on voice input and video input simultaneously. The detailed data collection plan for training deep neural network and performance evaluation plan are also provided in the paper.
Demo: Proximity-based Information Propagation

In this paper, we propose and implement a proximity-based information propagation framework based on Android devices. With the ubiquity of the smartphones and a drastic increase in demands of cellular traffic, the information propagation mechanism proposed and implemented in this paper entirely relies on the mobile-to-mobile (i.e., ad-hoc) communications. In contrast to the WiFi Direct technology (i.e., single-hop ad hoc communications), the pure ad-hoc communications enabled in our proposed framework allows multi-hop message propagation. In addition, a mitigation technique is also implemented to prevent the broadcast storm problems caused by redundant rebroadcasts. The implementation of the pure ad-hoc and multi-hop communications have been tested in several Android phone models and in a few tests scenarios which were conducted to determine the feasibility as well as the limitation of using mobile devices for the proximity-based information propagation.
An ontology-based framework for semantic resolution in data exchange

Semantic interoperability among heterogeneous information sources continues to pose enormous challenges to the collaborative design and other communities. In this paper a two-level ontology framework to resolving semantic conflicts in data exchange process is proposed. The top-level ontology defines generic application domain mediation concepts while task-level ontologies represent domain-related understanding. They are connected by semantic mappings, which provide top-level ontology as a mediator by translating the local schema to a common data model. A semi-automatic procedure that assists users to discover plausible semantic relationships between two types of ontology is introduced. Finally, we give an example from a product design scenario, which XML and RDF are chosen as standard syntax and semantic representing language respectively relying on the description and reasoning capabilities.
Dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Supplementation Improves the Mucosal Barrier Function in the Intestine of Weaned Piglets Challenged by Porcine Rotavirus

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) has been regarded as a safe probiotic strain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary LGG supplementation could alleviate diarrhea via improving jejunal mucosal barrier function in the weaned piglets challenged by RV, and further analyze the potential roles for apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and intestinal microbiota. A total of 24 crossbred barrows weaned at 21 d of age were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 diets: the basal diet and LGG supplementing diet. On day 11, all pigs were orally infused RV or the sterile essential medium. RV infusion increased the diarrhea rate, increased the RV-Ab, NSP4 and IL-2 concentrations and the Bax mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), decreased the villus height, villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4 and mucin 1 concentrations and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and affected the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs. Dietary LGG supplementation increased the villus height and villus height: crypt depth, the sIgA, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations, and the ZO-1, occludin and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) reduced the Bax mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05) in weaned pigs. Furthermore, dietary LGG supplementation alleviated the increase of diarrhea rate in the weaned pigs challenged by RV (P<0.05), and relieve the effect of RV infection on the villus height, crypt depth and the villus height: crypt depth of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the NSP4, sIgA, IL-2, IL-4, mucin 1 and mucin 2 concentrations of jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), the ZO-1, occludin, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of the jejunal mucosa (P<0.05), and the microbiota of ileum and cecum (P<0.05) in the weaned pigs challenged by RV. These results suggest that supplementing LGG in diets alleviated the diarrhea of weaned piglets challenged by RV via inhibiting the virus multiplication and improving the jejunal mucosal barrier function, which was possibly due to the decreasing apoptosis of jejunal mucosal cells and the improvement of intestinal microbiota.
Reducing boundary friction using translation-fragment overlap

Many corpus-based Machine Translation (MT) systems generate a number of partial translations which are then pieced together rather than immediately producing one overall translation. While this makes them more robust to ill-formed input, they are subject to disfluencies at phrasal translation boundaries even for well-formed input. We address this “boundary friction” problem by introducing a method that exploits overlapping phrasal translations and the increased confidence in translation accuracy they imply. We specify an efficient algorithm for producing translations using overlap. Finally, our empirical analysis indicates that this approach produces higher quality translations than the standard method of combining non-overlapping fragments generated by our Example-Based MT (EBMT) system in a peak-to-peak comparison.
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes

The present thesis, entitled Chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes, is being submitted in the alternative format, by Oana Calina Lindner to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, School of Psychological Sciences. The thesis consists of five empirical studies, written in article formats and three connecting chapters. The General introduction in Chapter 1, places the thesis in the context of late effects research in cancer survivors. I describe the prevalence of physical and emotional late effects, before going into more details on cognitive late effects. Chapter 2 provides a meta-analytical summary of cognitive impairments following chemotherapy in adult patients. It has already been published in Neuropsychology in 2014. Chapter 3 describes the general objectives and hypotheses of the empirical studies, and Chapter 4 provides more details on the General methods utilized in all the studies. The studies focus on pre- and post-treatment young adult cancer patients who were compared to age-, sex-, and education-matched controls. The instruments include a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, a newly designed memory task, and a complex battery of self-assessment questionnaires. Chapter 5 is the first empirical study, which will be submitted to Journal of Clinical Oncology. It describes the pattern of neuropsychological status of young adult cancer patients following treatment for lymphoma, sarcoma, breast cancer, and germ cell tumour. The impairments were specific to executive functioning, verbal memory, and visuospatial abilities. Uniquely, the chapter depicts differences between cancer groups. Because chemotherapy may not be the primary factor triggering such effects, Chapter 6 details the neuropsychological profile of a group of young adult pre-treatment patients diagnosed with the same malignancies. This chapter will be submitted to Journal of Neuropsychology. Impairments were observed on tests of attention, executive functioning and visuospatial abilities. Both Chapters 5 and 6 emphasize the importance of matching on full scale IQ in cross-sectional studies and they provide evidence that patients' performance on tests of verbal memory and executive functioning may vary as a function of age. Chapter 7 will be submitted to Psycho-Oncology and it suggests the presence of acute memory deficits after the first treatment. Finally, Chapter 8, which will be submitted to Psychosomatic Medicine, provides an in-depth description of the psycho-emotional status of cancer survivors. It describes higher levels of anxiety, depression, fatigue, and cognitive complaints, which mediated the relationship between illness perceptions and quality of life. The complex interaction between these psycho-emotional factors is interpreted within the framework of cognitive-behavioural therapies, which may provide a method to decrease the emotional burden of survivorship in clinical practice. Finally, Chapter 9 summarizes all the empirical findings whilst connecting them to previous literature and specifying future research direction.
Combined Coverage Area Reporting and Geographical Routing in Wireless Sensor-Actuator Networks for Cooperating with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

In wireless sensor network (WSN) applications with multiple gateways, it is key to route location dependent subscriptions efficiently at two levels in the system. At the gateway level, data sinks must not waste the energy of the WSN by injecting subscriptions that are not relevant for the nodes in their coverage area and at WSN level, energy-efficient delivery of subscriptions to target areas is required. In this paper, we propose a mechanism in which (1) the WSN provides an accurate and up-to-date coverage area description to gateways and (2) the wireless sensor network re-uses the collected coverage area information to enable efficient geographical routing of location dependent subscriptions and other messages. The latter has a focus on routing of messages injected from sink nodes to nodes in the region of interest. Our proposed mechanisms are evaluated in simulation.