Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On-Chip Communication Synthesis : Topology and Protocol Optimization

The main concern in modern chip design is definitely the communication structure that connect the components. Chip complexity is increasing constantly, making a chip look like a distributed set of communicating entities. In this paper a formal framework for the synthesis of an optimum onchip communication network is proposed. The major differences between network design and on chip network design are highlighted. This methodology starts from the communication constraints, in terms of connectivity and performance requirements, and defines an optimization problem whose solution is an optimum communication network that satisfies all the original constraints. The separation of topology design and protocol design is formalized and an example of the interaction between the two optimization problems is shown. The novelty of the algorithm resides in its formal definition and broad space of possible applications
Young Children's Detection of Violations in Familiar Stories and Emerging Comprehension Monitoring

This study examined young children's ability to detect violations to script-like story text to investigate the role of detection in the development of comprehension monitoring. An online expectancy violation detection task was used during the reading of familiar stories, and nonverbal as well as verbal responses were measured. Results revealed that children 30 to 47 months of age detected violations to familiar text. However, the youngest children are not as skilled as older children in doing so. Developmentally, solely nonverbal detection responses were the first to emerge for story violations. Around 36 months of age, children not only increased the frequency of their accurate detections of violations but also incorporated their nonverbal expressions of detection into a matrix of a more thorough comprehension monitoring response.
Schoolwide Impact and AVID: How Have Selected Texas High Schools Addressed the New Accountability Measures?

This is a study of high schools and their districts receiving Comprehensive School Reform (CSR) grants that have used those grants to support implementation of the Advancement Via Individual Determination (AVID) model. Over a 4-year period 10 such high schools in 5 districts have been examined to determine if schoolwide or district-wide accountability measures have improved over the period of study, compared to non-AVID high schools and districts. Selected sets of data are presented as the focus of this study, and include graduation or completion rates, advanced course enrollment, Advanced Placement (AP) results, and number of students graduating on advanced graduation plans. Researchers found that AVID had affected the performance profile of the school by leveraging success of disaggregated subgroups of students, particularly African American and Latino students, as well as students from lower income families.
Tracking for peace: Assessing the effectiveness of Track Two Diplomacy in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Track Two Diplomacy is an alternative, informal and often discreet conflict resolution methodology used alongside mechanisms of formal diplomacy. Despite the numerous Track Two Diplomacy meetings, their effectiveness and impact on the political reality have been rarely examined. The current study attempts to address these questions by exploring the thoughts, feelings and experiences of Israeli–Jewish participants in Israeli–Palestinian Track Two Diplomacy. The study delineates the obstacles that limit the potential of Track Two Diplomacy activities to significantly influence the political reality of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The findings lead to practical recommendations which may assist in overcoming these obstacles.
Monotherapy versus dual therapy for the initial treatment of hypertension (PATHWAY-1): a randomised double-blind controlled trial

Introduction Previous studies have suggested that more intensive initial therapy for hypertension results in better long-term blood pressure (BP) control. We test this hypothesis comparing initial monotherapy with dual therapy in the management of essential hypertension. Methods and analysis The study is a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, active-controlled trial in patients with essential hypertension. Around 50% of patients studied will be newly diagnosed and the others will be known hypertensives who previously received only monotherapy. The trial is divided into three phases as follows: Phase 1 (Week 0–Week 16): Randomised, parallel-group, masked assignation to either combination or monotherapy. Phase 2 (Week 17–Week 32): Open-label combination therapy. Phase 3 (Week 33–Week 52): Open-label combination therapy plus open-label add-on (if BP is above 140/90 mm Hg). Hierarchical primary end points are: a comparison of home BP (home systolic blood pressure (HSBP)) averaged over the duration of phase 1 and 2 in the combination versus monotherapy arms. If combination is superior in this analysis, then the averaged mean HSBP between initial monotherapy and initial combination therapy at the end of phase 2 will be compared. Secondary end points include: BP control at 1 year; the role of age, baseline renin, sodium status, plasma volume, haemodynamic compensation and peripheral resistance on BP control; validation of the National Institute for Clinical Excellence/British Hypertension Society joint guideline algorithm; safety and tolerability of combination therapy; and the impact of combination versus monotherapy on left ventricular mass and aortic pulse wave velocity. A sample size of 536 (268 in each group) will have 90% power to detect a difference in means of 4 mm Hg. Ethics and dissemination PATHWAY 1 was approved by UK ethics (REC Reference 09/H0308/132). Trial results will be published and all participating subjects will be informed of the results. Trial registration number UKCRN 4499 and EudraCT number 2008-007749-29 registered 27/08/2009.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacteriophage MA12, Which Infects both Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

ABSTRACT Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) bacteriophage MA12, a 41-Kb chromosome. The strain can infect both Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and S. Enteritidis and can be used in phage therapy experiments with poultry and poultry meat.
Face recognition-based real-time system for surveillance

The ability to automatically recognize human faces based on dynamic facial images is important in security, surveillance and the health/independent living domains. Specific applications include access control to secure environments, identification of individuals at a particular place and intruder detection. This research proposes a real-time system for surveillance using cameras. The process is broken into two steps: (1) face detection and (2) face recognition to identify particular persons. For the first step, the system tracks and selects the faces of the detected persons. An efficient recognition algorithm is then used to recognize detected faces with a known database. The proposed approach exploits the Viola-Jones method for face detection, the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi algorithm as a feature tracker and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for face recognition. This system can be implemented at different restricted areas, such as at the office or house of a suspicious person or at the entrance of a sensitive installation. The system works almost perfectly under reasonable lighting conditions and image depths.
Application of computational geometry to multiuser detection in CDMA

The maximum-likelihood multiuser detection problem in code-division multiple-access is known to be an optimization problem with an objective function that is required to be optimized over a combinatorial decision region. Conventional suboptimal detectors relax the combinatorial decision region by a convex region, without altering the objective function to be optimized. We take an approach wherein the objective function is reduced to a form appropriate for the application of a polynomial complexity algorithm in computational geometry, while keeping the decision region combinatorial. The resulting detector allows a tradeoff between performance and computational complexity. The bit-error rate performance of the detector has been found to be better than the decorrelator and the linear minimum mean-square error detectors, for the same level of complexity.
Predicting premorbid IQ: A revision of the national adult reading test

Abstract The National Adult Reading Test (NART) has promise as an assessment tool for the determination of premorbid intellectual function, but needs to be modified for current use in a North American population and validated against the WAIS-R. A revision based on American and Canadian pronunciation rules was prepared. Sixty-six unimpaired subjects were tested with a revised NART and all subtests of the WAIS-R. Demographic variables were also recorded. Correlations between actual VIQ, PIQ and FSIQ, and predicted IQs on the basis of revised NART score were . 83, . 40, and . 75, respectively (all p < .001). Prediction of IQs was more accurate with equations based on revised NART score than with demographic variable prediction equations developed by Barona, Reynolds, and Chastain (1984).
Structural modifications and tissue response after standard epi-off and iontophoretic corneal crosslinking with different irradiation procedures.

PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate modifications in human cadaver corneas after different crosslinking procedures, including standard epi-off treatment, iontophoresis imbibition, and different exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) sources (30 minutes at 3 mW and 9 minutes at 10 mW). METHODS A total of 12 human cadaver corneas was examined and divided as follows: 3 served as control (group 1), 3 were treated with a standard epi-off procedure (group 2), 6 underwent iontophoresis imbibition for 5 minutes, and then 3 were irradiated for 30 minutes with 3 mW UVA (group 3), and 3 for 9 minutes at 10 mW UVA (group 4). Deformation amplitude index was measured before and after the corneas underwent treatment. After treatment, corneas were prepared for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry evaluation. The expression of TUNEL, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), collagen type I, and CD34 was investigate in all samples. RESULTS The deformation amplitude index decreased in all groups, in particular in group 4, indicating an improvement of corneal biomechanical properties. Immunohistochemical staining showed a significant stromal alteration in group 2, mild damage in group 3, and no modifications in corneal morphology in group 4. The TUNEL (P < 0.001) and MMP-1 (P = 0.002) positivity was more evident in group 4. Collagen type I positivity significantly increased in groups 3 (P = 0.002) and 4 (P = 0.002). The CD34 expression was more evident in groups 2 (P = 0.003) and 3 (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Iontophoresis imbibition followed by UVA irradiation for 9 minutes at 10 mW determined less tissue damage and better stromal remodeling.
Mapping the Cyber-Stakeholders: U.S. Energy Policy on the Web

This article looks to decentered hyperlinking patterns on the worldwide web as a site where media researchers can investigate the treatment of social issues by websites. Such “issue networks” are offered in contrast to the increasingly portalized and commercial nature of information architecture and interfaces on the worldwide web. The article searches for commonly linked sites on the issue of the Bush-Cheney energy policy in an attempt to uncover the hyperlink patterns and debate among the most interconnected sites.
Document Clustering Using Cluster Based Method

— Now-a-days we are living in a digital World. The increase in the performance and fast accessing of web resources has made a new challenge of browsing among huge data on Internet. Since digitally stored information is more and more available, users need suitable tools able to select, and extract only relevant information. Therefore, text summarization techniques are currently adopted in several ﬁelds of information retrieval and ﬁltering, such as, information extraction, text mining, document classification, recommender systems, and contextual advertising. A summary text is a derivative of a source text condensed by selection and/or generalization on important content. Extractive summarization methods try to ﬁnd out the most important topics of an input document and select sentences that are related to these chosen concepts to create the summary. In this paper use cluster based method for Document Clustering.In future these clusters with top ranked triplets are used for generating summary.
The Role of Temporary Help Agencies in Facilitating Temp-to-Perm Transitions

This paper evaluates the impact of agency work on temporary workers’ posterior likelihood of being hired on a permanent basis. We use administrative data on two groups of temporary workers for whom we have complete work histories since they are first observed in 1998 until the year 2004. One group consists of workers employed through a temporary help agency (THA) at some point during the seven year period under examination (treated group). The other group is composed of individuals employed as direct-hire temps at some point between 1998 and the year 2004, but never via a THA (control group). Using propensity score matching methods, we find that agency workers endure a lower likelihood of being hired on a permanent basis following their temporary assignment than their direct-hire counterparts.
Self-Medication for Sleep in College Students: Concurrent and Prospective Associations With Sleep and Alcohol Behavior

ABSTRACT Objective/Background: College students are at an increased risk for poor sleep and associated sleep problems. Emerging evidence suggests that a substantial subset of college students self-medicate with alcohol, marijuana, or over-the-counter medications to help sleep. The current study identified demographic, psychosocial, and sleep- and alcohol-related correlates of self-medication for sleep, and assessed its concurrent and prospective associations with insomnia symptoms, alcohol drinking, and negative drinking consequences. Participants: Undergraduate students (N = 171; mean age = 19 years [SD = 1.35], 32% male, 74% White) enrolled in a four-year university in the northeastern United States. Methods: Data were drawn from a short-term two-wave longitudinal study. Participants completed two online surveys, separated by an average interval of 68 days (SD = 10.22). Results: At Time 1, 25% of students reported using at least one substance (alcohol, marijuana, or over-the-counter medications) for sleep aid in the past two weeks. Male and older students were more likely to report using substances for sleep. Sleep aid use at Time 1 was concurrently associated with greater levels of alcohol frequency, negative drinking consequences, and insomnia symptoms. Further, sleep aid use at Time 1 was associated with an increase in negative drinking consequences from Time 1 to Time 2, but not with changes in alcohol frequency or insomnia symptoms. Conclusions: These findings indicate that substances are widely used among college students for sleep aid. Sleep aid use is associated with greater concurrent drinking and insomnia symptoms, and increases in negative drinking consequences over a short time period.
Inference patterns from Big Data using aggregation, filtering and tagging- A survey

This paper reviews various approaches to infer the patterns from Big Data using aggregation, filtering and tagging. Earlier research shows that data aggregation concerns about gathered data and how efficiently it can be utilized. It is understandable that at the time of data gathering one does not care much about whether the gathered data will be useful or not. Hence, filtering and tagging of the data are the crucial steps in collecting the relevant data to fulfill the need. Therefore the main goal of this paper is to present a detailed and comprehensive survey on different approaches. To make the concept clearer, we have provided a brief introduction of Big Data, how it works, working of two data aggregation tools (namely, flume and sqoop), data processing tools (hive and mahout) and various algorithms that can be useful to understand the topic. At last we have included comparisons between aggregation tools, processing tools as well as various algorithms through its pre-process, matching time, results and reviews.
Pancreatectomy and Autologous Islet Transplantation for Painful Chronic Pancreatitis: Indications and Outcomes

Abstract Total pancreatectomy with intrahepatic autoislet transplantation (TP/IAT) is a definitive treatment for relentlessly painful chronic pancreatitis. Pain relief is reported to be achieved in approximately 80% of patients. Overall, 30% to 40% achieve insulin independence, and 70% of recipients remain insulin independent for > 2 years, sometimes longer if > 300 000 islets are successfully transplanted. Yet, this approach to chronic pancreatitis is underemphasized in the general medical and surgical literature and vastly underused in the United States. This review emphasizes the history and metabolic outcomes of TP/IAT and considers its usefulness in the context of other, more frequently used approaches, such as operative intervention with partial pancreatectomy and/or lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (Puestow procedure), as well as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with pancreatic duct modification and stent placement. Distal pancreatectomy and Puestow procedures compromise isolation of islet mass, and adversely affect islet autotransplant outcomes. Therefore, when endoscopic measures fail to relieve pain in severe chronic pancreatitis, we recommend early intervention with TP/IAT.
Cross-protection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa polysaccharides

High-molecular-weight polysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa immunotypes 1 and 2 gave cross-protection in outbred CD-1 mice challenged with the heterologous immunotype organism. Both active immunization with 50 micrograms of polysaccharide, as well as passive transfer of immune serum were effective. The basis for this cross-protection is the ability of high doses of polysaccharide to induce antibody formation to both homologous and heterologous immunotype determinants.
Pax2/8-regulated Gata3 expression is necessary for morphogenesis and guidance of the nephric duct in the developing kidney

The mammalian pro- and mesonephros are transient embryonic kidneys essential for urogenital system development. The nephric (Wolffian) duct, which is a central constituent of both structures, elongates caudally along a stereotypical path to reach the hindlimb level where it induces metanephros (adult kidney) formation, while the remaining duct gives rise to the male genital tract (epidydimis, vas deferens). The transcription factors Pax2 and Pax8 are essential for the initiation of pro- and mesonephros development. In a cDNA microarray screen for genes specifically expressed in the pro/mesonephros and regulated by Pax proteins, we identified Gata3, a transcription factor gene associated with hypoparathyroidism, deafness and renal anomaly (HDR) syndrome. Gata3 is already expressed in the pronephric anlage, together with Pax2 and Pax8, suggesting that it may be a direct Pax2/8 target gene. Inactivation of Gata3 by insertion of an Ires-GFP reporter gene resulted in a massive increase in nephric duct cellularity, which was accompanied by enhanced cell proliferation and aberrant elongation of the nephric duct. Interestingly, however, the nephrogenic cord extended, with delayed kinetics, along the entire caudal path up to the level of the hindlimb bud, indicating that extension of the nephric duct and cord is controlled by different guidance cues. At the molecular level, the nephric duct of Gata3-/- embryos is characterized by the loss of Ret expression and signaling, which may contribute to the guidance defect of the nephric duct. Together, these results define Gata3 as a key regulator of nephric duct morphogenesis and guidance in the pro/mesonephric kidney.
Multi-Label classification for Mining Big Data

In big data problems mining requires special handling of the problem under investigation to achieve accuracy and speed on the same time. In this research we investigate the multi-label classification problems for better accuracy in a timely fashion. Label dependencies are the biggest influencing factor on performance, directly and indirectly, and is a distinguishing factor for multi-label from multi-class problems. The key objective in multi-label learning is to exploit this dependency effectively. Most of the current research ignore the correlation between labels or develop complex algorithms that don’t scale efficiently with large datasets. Hence, the goal of our research is to propose a fundamental solution through which preliminary identification of dependencies and correlations between labels is explicit from large multi-label datasets. This is to be done before any classifiers are induced by using an association rule mining algorithm. Then the dependencies discovered in the previous step are used to divide the problem into subsets depending on the correlation between labels for parallel classification. The experimental results were evaluated using Accuracy, Hamming Loss, MicroF-Measure and Subset Accuracy on a variety of datasets. The proposed model exploits all correlations among labels in multi-label datasets easily, facilitating the process of multi-label classification, increasing accuracy and performance as time was decreased while achieving higher accuracy. Keywords-Multi-Label classification; data mining; big data analytics;
Congenital infection with Trypanosoma cruzi: from mechanisms of transmission to strategies for diagnosis and control.

The transmission rate of congenital T. cruzi infection (number of congenital cases/number of chagasic mothers) in the Southern Cone countries varies widely, from 1% in Brazil to 4 to 12% Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Paraguay. These differences were discussed at length, and attributed to the different methodologies used for detection of congenital cases, and/or possible special characteristics from the infecting parasites, differences in the immunological, genetical or nutritional status of the mother, or specific epidemiological situations remaining to be studied.
Credibility and Signaling in Disinflation- a Cross Country Examination

This paper develops a model of money demand where the opportunity cost of holding money is subject to regime changes. The regimes are fully characterized by the mean and variance of inflation and are assumed to be the result of alternative government policies. Agents are unable to directly observe whether government actions are indeed consistent with the inflation rate targeted as part of a stabilization program but can construct probability inferences on the basis of available observations of inflation and money growth. Government announcements are assumed to provide agents with additional, possibly truthful information regarding the regime. This specification is estimated and tested using data from the Israeli and Argentine high inflation periods. Results indicate the successful stabilization program implemented in Israel in July 1985 was more credible than either the earlier Israeli attempt in November 1984 or the Argentine programs. Government’s signaling might substantially simplify the inference problem and increase the speed of learning on the part of the agents. However, under certain conditions, it might increase the volatility of inflation. After the introduction of an inflation stabilization plan, the welfare gains from a temporary increase in real balances might be high enough to induce agents to raise their real balances in the short-term, even if they are uncertain about the nature of government policy and the eventual outcome of the stabilization attempt. Statistically, the model restrictions cannot be rejected at the 1% significance level.