Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Effective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm Based on Self-Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Artificial Immune Clone Algorithm

To balance the exploration and exploitation abilities of particle swarm optimization (PSO), self-adaptive inertia weight factor is introduced in PSO. To improve the ability of each algorithm to escape from a local optimum, a hybrid optimization algorithm (PAHA) based on self-adaptive PSO and artificial immune clone algorithm (AICA) is developed. Simulation results have shown that PAHA is effective and efficient for the optimization problems.
Differentiation Therapy of Cancer : Journey from the Laboratory into the Clinic

Cancer is a progressive process characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and de-differentiation and clinical protocols involving cytotoxic agents remain a mainstay of conventional cancer therapies despite many non-specific adverse side effects. An alternative approach to potentially reduce the toxicity of anti-cancer therapy employs the induction of cancer cells to undergo terminal differentiation leading to irreversible inhibition of growth and induction of programmed cell death (apoptosis). The concept of ‘differentiation therapy of cancer’ has been validated using cell culture and animal models including leukemia, neuroblastoma and melanoma supporting its potential for translation into the clinic. By inducing terminal differentiation of metastatic human melanoma cells in combination with subtraction hybridization, we have identified and cloned novel genes that participate in critical cellular processes including genes involved in cell cycle and growth control, differentiation, metastasis, innate immune response, apoptosis, inflammation and senescence. One originally novel gene, melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a member of the IL-10 gene family of cytokines and is a cancer cell-specific inducer of apoptosis. This review discusses the concept of ‘differentiation therapy of cancer’ in a historical context and highlights important findings from the melanoma model system with an emphasis on the translation of basic research findings to the clinical treatment of cancer patients. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Degenerate layer at GaN/sapphire interface: Influence on Hall-effect measurements

Temperature-dependent Hall-effect measurements in hydride vapor phase epitaxial GaN grown on sapphire can be well fitted over the temperature range 10–400 K by assuming a thin, degenerate n-type region at the GaN/sapphire interface. This degenerate interfacial region dominates the electrical properties below 30 K, but also significantly affects those properties even at 400 K, and can cause a second, deeper donor to falsely appear in the analysis. However, by using a two-layer Hall model, the bulk mobility and carrier concentration can be accurately ascertained.
Development of a real-time corneal birefringence compensated glucose sensing polarimeter.

BACKGROUND As is well known, in order to optimally manage diabetes mellitus, monitoring blood glucose levels several times daily is recommended so appropriate actions can be taken to maintain these levels within a near-normal physiologic range. One technique that shows promise is the use of optical polarimetry. This technique has the potential to noninvasively measure physiological glucose levels in the eye that are correlated to blood glucose concentrations. To date, the main factor limiting in vivo polarimetric glucose measurements is corneal birefringence, which tends to mask the glucose signature. In this investigation, a method to compensate for the effects of corneal birefringence is demonstrated, thus allowing for polarimetric glucose measurements in samples with time-varying birefringence contributions. METHODS In this paper, using a custom-designed laser-based optical polarimetry system with an integrated birefringence compensator, noninvasive glucose measurements in the physiological range are accurately measured within various birefringent samples similar in structure to the eye. RESULTS Using the laser-based polarimetric approach, it is shown that glucose levels within the physiological range in the presence of significant varying birefringence can be accurately predicted with as low as 13.84 mg/dL error. CONCLUSIONS The ability to compensate for corneal birefringence effects provides promise for the eventual development of a commercial home-based noninvasive polarimetric glucose monitor.
Fuzzy control for networked nonlinear systems subject to randomly occurred sensor saturations and multiple packet dropouts

This paper focuses on the H∞ controller design problem for networked Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems. The outputs measured by the sensor will be subject to saturation phenomenon and suffer packet dropouts during the transmission through unreliable communication links to the remote controller. Both the sensor saturation and the packet dropouts occur randomly which are governed by the Bernoulli distributed variables. The observer is designed with data prediction compensation strategy when the packet is lost and then, the controller is designed by using the estimated states. The sufficient conditions are derived via linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques, such that the resulting closed-loop system is asymptotically mean-square stable with the predefined disturbance attenuation performance. An example is utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
Dimethanolbis[4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(5-methylimidazol-4-yl)-2-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide-κ2 O,N]cobalt(II) diperchlorate

In the mononuclear title complex, [Co(C11H17N4O2)2(CH3OH)2](ClO4)2, the cobalt(II) atom lies on a symmetry centre and is coordinated by two O,N-bidentate ligands and two trans-arranged O atoms of the methanol molecules in a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. In the crystal structure, cations and anions are linked by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into layers parallel to the bc plane.
Plato's Noble Art Of Sophistry

Plato's Sophist begins with an attempt to arrive by division at a definition of a Sophist. In the course of the attempt six different descriptions are discussed and the results summarized at 231 c-e. A seventh and final account may be said to occupy the whole of the rest of the dialogue, including the long digression on negative statements. The first five divisions characterize with a considerable amount of satire different types of sophist, or more probably different aspects of the sophistic art. The sixth division (226 a–231 b) is very different. To quote Cornford's words, ‘satire is dropped. The tone is serious and sympathetic, towards the close it becomes eloquent’.
Comparison of Rehydration Regimens for Rehabilitation of Firefighters Performing Heavy Exercise in Thermal Protective Clothing: A Report from the Fireground Rehab Evaluation (FIRE) Trial

Abstract Background. Performing fire suppression activities results in cardiovascular stress, hyperthermia, and hypohydration. Fireground rehabilitation (rehab) is recommended to blunt the deleterious effects of these conditions. Objective. We tested the hypothesis that three rehydration fluids provided after exercise while wearing thermal protective clothing (TPC) would produce different heart rate or core temperature responses during a second bout of exercise in TPC. Methods. On three occasions, 18 euhydrated firefighters (16 men, two women) wearing TPC completed a standardized, 50-minute bout of upper and lower body exercise in a hot room that mimicked the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) rehabilitation guidelines of “two cylinders before rehab” (20 minutes of work, 10 minutes of recovery, 20 minutes of work). After an initial bout of exercise (bout 1), subjects were randomly assigned water, sport drink, or an intravenous (IV) infusion of normal saline equal to the amount of body mass lost during exercise. After rehydration, the subject performed a second bout of exercise (bout 2). Heart rates, core and skin temperatures, and exercise durations were compared with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. Subjects were firefighters with a mean (± standard deviation [SD]) age of 28.2 ± 11.3 years and a mean peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) of 37.4 ± 3.4 mL/kg/min. The mean amount of fluid provided during the rehabilitation period was 527 ± 302 mL. No subject could complete either the pre- or postrehydration 50-minute bout of exercise. The mean (±SD) times to exhaustion were longer (p < 0.001) in bout 1 (25.9 ± 12.9 min, water; 28.0 ± 14.1 min, sport drink; 27.4 ± 13.8 min, IV) compared with bout 2 (15.6 ± 9.6 min, water; 14.7 ± 8.6 min, sport drink; 15.7 ± 8.0 min, IV) for all groups but did not differ by intervention. All subjects approached their age-predicted maximum heart rate at the end of bout 1 (180 ± 11 bpm) and bout 2 (176 ± 13 bpm). Core temperature rose 1.1°C ± 0.7°C during bout 1 and 0.5°C ± 0.4°C during bout 2. Core temperatures, heart rates, and exercise times during bout 2 did not differ between the rehydration fluids. Conclusions. Performances during a second bout of exercise in TPC did not differ when firefighters were rehydrated with water, sport drink, or IV normal saline when full rehydration was provided. Of concern was the inability of all subjects to complete two consecutive periods of heavy exercise in TPC, suggesting that the NFPA's “two cylinders before rehab” guideline may not be appropriate in continuous heavy work scenarios.
Prognosis of depression and the endogenous-neurotic distinction

SYNOPSIS Depressed patients were followed-up after 10 months, and factor scores reflecting respectively general severity, the endogenous-neurotic distinction, and an admixture of anxiety versus depression were used as predictors. The main prognostic relationships were with the endogenous-neurotic distinction and provided validating evidence for it. Endogenous depressives showed generally better prognoses. Individual rating variables used to derive the factors showed little relationship to outcome and prediction appeared to derive from a summation of elements relevant to the endogenous-neurotic distinction across many variables.
Functional group characterization of indoor, outdoor, and personal PM: results from RIOPA.

UNLABELLED Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of outdoor, indoor, and personal fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) samples were collected during the Relationship of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air (RIOPA) study. FTIR spectroscopy provides functional group information about the entire PM(2.5) sample without any chemical preparation. It is particularly important to characterizing the poorly understood organic fraction of PM(2.5). To our knowledge this is the first time that FTIR spectroscopy has been applied to a PM(2.5) exposure study. The results were used to chemically characterize indoor air and personal exposure. Sulfate was strongest in outdoor samples, which is consistent with the generally accepted understanding that sulfate is of outdoor origin. Absorbances attributed to soil dust were also seen in many outdoor and some indoor and personal samples. Inorganic nitrate absorbances were a common feature of many California and some New Jersey samples. Carbonyl absorbances showed substantial variation in strength, number of peaks, and wave number shift between samples, indicating variability in composition and sources. Absorbances attributed to aliphatic hydrocarbon and amide functional groups were enhanced in many personal and indoor samples, which suggested the influence of indoor sources in these homes. We speculate that meat cooking is one possible source of particulate amides. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS To our knowledge this is the first time that FTIR spectroscopy has been used to characterize the composition of indoor and personal PM(2.5). The presence of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, soil dust and a number of organic functional groups are all detected in one analysis on filter samples without extraction or other sample preparation. Differences between indoor and outdoor spectra are used to identify spectral features due to indoor-generated PM(2.5). Particularly interesting are the much larger aliphatic absorbances, shifts in carbonyl absorbances, and occasional small amide absorbances found in indoor and personal spectra but rarely in outdoor spectra. These observations are important because organics make up a large portion of PM(2.5) mass and their composition and properties are poorly characterized. The properties and behavior of organic compounds in airborne particles are often predicted based on their functional group composition. This analysis begins the development of a better understanding of the functional group composition of indoor and personal PM(2.5) and how it differs from that of outdoor PM(2.5). Eventually this will lead to an improved understanding of the properties, behavior and effects of PM(2.5) of indoor and outdoor origin.
Are Emotion and Mind Understanding Differently Linked to Young Children's Social Adjustment? Relationships Between Behavioral Consequences of Emotions, False Belief, and SCBE

ABSTRACT According to empirical findings, emotional knowledge and false belief understanding seem to be differently linked to social adjustment. However, whereas false belief is assessed through the capacity to identify its behavioral consequences, emotion tasks usually rely on the comprehension of facial expressions and of the situational causes of emotions. The authors examined if the documented relationship between social adjustment and emotion knowledge in children extends to the understanding of behavioral consequences of emotions. Eighty French-speaking preschoolers undertook false belief and consequence-of-emotion tasks. Their social adjustment was measured by the Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation. Children's language ability, their parent's level of education, and the familial socioeconomic score were taken into account. Results showed that children's social adjustment was significantly predicted by their knowledge of emotion, but not by their understanding of false belief. The findings confirm the special status of emotion among mental states for social adaptation and specify which dimensions of adaptation to peers and adults are predicted by the child's emotion understanding. They also suggest that the distinction between mind and emotion understanding may be conceptual rather than methodological.
vibrations non linéaires de steelpans : couplages modaux via la résonance interne 1:2:2

Les steelpans sont des instruments a percussions melodiques qui proviennent de l’ile de Trinidad et Tobago. Ils sont fabriques a partir de bidons de petroles qui subissent une succession de transformations qui etire et deforme le metal pour obtenir une cuve spherique concave a l’interieur de laquelle sont reparties les differentes notes de l’instrument. Chaque note est un dome convexe obtenu par martelage de la coque principale. Dans une serie d’articles dont [1, 2], Achong montre que les steelpans operent a la maniere d’un systeme non lineaire de modes localises autour du point d’excitation. La non-linearite geometrique entrâine des couplages entre les modes propres de la structure via des resonances internes dont l’incidence sur le timbre de ces instruments est primordiale. Par ailleurs, Rossing et al. [9] ont realise de nombreuses analyses modales sur differents steelpans de differents registres, verifiant la localisation des modes et l’existence de rapports entiers entre les premieres frequences propres. Nous avons mene des analyses modales sur un steelpan [7] (double second fig .1), mettant en evidence l’existence recurrente de trois modes dont les frequences propres verifient les relations f1, f2 ≈ 2f1 et f3 ≈ 2f1, qui provoque une resonance interne 1:2:2 que l’on ne trouve pas analysee dans la litterature. Les cas les plus proches que nous avons recenses sont les resonances de type 1:2 [5, 8] et 1:1:2 [10]. Les developpements theoriques, presentes ici, peuvent permettre de mieux comprendre les instabilites et les echanges d’energie lorsque cette configuration de resonance se presente. Diverses applications, notamment dans l’ingenierie, sont possibles [3].
Evaluación de técnicas de Extracción de Conocimiento en Bases de Datos y su aplicación a la deserción de alumnos universitarios

En el ambito de la Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro (UNRN), y en particular desde la Licenciatura en Sistemas, es una creciente preocupacion del cuerpo docente el fenomeno de desercion y desgranamiento que se ha podido apreciar en los tres primeros anos de vida de la carrera. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo brindar una breve descripcion de la tarea realizada para abordar el estudio del fenomeno de desercion estudiantil universitaria mediante un proceso de extraccion de conocimiento a partir de datos. La etapa mas relevante de este proceso es la mineria de datos, que provee mecanismos para la extraccion no trivial de informacion implicita, previamente desconocida a partir de una base de datos y asi descubrir reglas y/o patrones significativos de informacion que puedan ayudar tanto en el diagnostico correcto del problema como en la formulacion de estrategias de solucion. Se realizo una evaluacion de las diferentes tecnicas y su posibilidad de aplicacion en el caso de estudio, poniendo enfasis en los metodos no supervisados. Luego se realizaron pruebas de concepto con algunas de las tecnicas que resultaron de interes utilizando las bases de datos de los alumnos de las carreras de grado de la UNRN. Finalmente se describen los resultados obtenidos.
Intravitreous and plasma concentrations of ganciclovir and foscarnet after intravenous therapy in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus retinitis.

This study evaluated intravitreous and plasma ganciclovir and foscarnet concentrations after intravenous administration in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and retinal detachment. Undiluted vitreous samples were prospectively obtained from 60 eyes (52 patients) at the time of pars plana vitrectomy. Thirty-three plasma samples (from 27 patients in the initial group of 52) were obtained simultaneously during surgery on 33 eyes. High-pressure liquid chromatography showed the mean vitreous ganciclovir concentrations in patients on induction and maintenance therapy were, respectively, 4.74 +/- 1.49 microM (n = 24) and 3.29 +/- 1.84 microM (n = 30; P = .005). Simultaneous plasma ganciclovir concentrations were less than the vitreous concentrations in 78% of the patients. The mean intravitreous foscarnet concentrations in patients receiving induction dosages were 189 +/- 177 microM (n = 5) versus 163 +/- 167 microM (n = 4; P > .20) for those receiving maintenance therapy. The foscarnet vitreous plasma concentration ratio averaged 1.43. Current drugs and doses for CMV retinitis result in borderline or progressively subtherapeutic concentrations.
Current status and approaches to improving preventive services for adolescents.

MUCH of adolescent morbidity and mortality can be attributed to preventable risk factors. These include unhealthy behaviors, such as sedentary life-style, poor nutritional habits, substance abuse, unsafe sexual practices, and risky vehicle use. 1 Potentially health-damaging behaviors established during adolescence can have lasting negative consequences. As a result, effective preventive measures instituted during adolescence can improve quality of life throughout the life span. Primary care physicians are in a unique position to promote adolescent health and prevent behavioral and other morbidities. Over 70% of adolescents are seen by a physician yearly; three visits per year is the average. 2 Adolescents generally view physicians as credible and valued sources of health-related information. 3 Physician visits are thus a potentially important source of health education. As the benefits of incorporating prevention into the practice of medicine have become increasingly apparent over the past 20 or 30 years, efforts to develop comprehensive practice
Improving Bird's Antidotes

In this paper I will first consider Bird's cases against the conditional analysis of dispositions and defend them from Gundersen's objection. This does not mean that I believe that Bird's cases are successful. To the contrary, I take it that we can save the conditional analysis from Bird's cases by taking Lewis's two-step approach to dispositions. However, I will go on to argue that if Bird's cases are supplemented with the assumption that dispositions are intrinsic matter, they are able to do what they are intended to do.
Stable landing method for biped robot by using switching control

This paper proposes the switching control method to realize stable landing for a biped robot. If the landing of the biped robot is unstable, the robot may fall down. Therefore, it is necessary for the biped robot to realize stable landing. In order to achieve the stable landing, force controller should be implemented at the moment of landing. Since force control enables the sole to softly contact the ground. If the landing state becomes stable, control method needs to change position control for the biped robot moving. In other words, the controller should be switched according to the contact condition between the sole and the ground. Therefore, switching control method which consists of position control and force control is proposed. Zero Moment Point (ZMP) is used as index to switch the controller. Position control is applied when ZMP exists in the area around the center of the foot. Force control is used when ZMP exists around the edge of the foot. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed from the simulation results by using the model of inverted pendulum with a sole.
Studies of the Silencing of Baculovirus DNA Binding Protein

ABSTRACT Baculovirus DNA binding protein (DBP) binds preferentially single-stranded DNA in vitro and colocalizes with viral DNA replication sites. Here, its putative role as viral replication factor has been addressed by RNA interference. Silencing of DBP in Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus-infected cells increased expression of LEF-3, LEF-4, and P35. In contrast, expression of the structural genes coding for P39 and polyhedrin was suppressed while expression of genes coding for P10 and GP64 was unaffected. In the absence of DBP, viral DNA replication sites were formed, indicating replication of viral DNA. Electron microscopy studies, however, revealed a loss of formation of polyhedra and virus envelopment, suggesting that the primary role of DBP is viral formation rather than viral DNA replication.
META-PP: single interface to crucial prediction servers

The META-PP server (http://cubic.bioc.columbia.edu/meta/) simplifies access to a battery of public protein structure and function prediction servers by providing a common and stable web-based interface. The goal is to make these powerful and increasingly essential methods more readily available to nonexpert users and the bioinformatics community at large. At present META-PP provides access to a selected set of high-quality servers in the areas of comparative modelling, threading/fold recognition, secondary structure prediction and more specialized fields like contact and function prediction.