Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Different factors influence self-reports and third-party reports of anger by adults with intellectual disabilities.

BACKGROUND Many people with intellectual disabilities display high levels of anger, and cognitive-behavioural anger management interventions are used routinely. However, for these methods to be used optimally, a better understanding is needed of different forms of anger assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of a range of measures to self- and carer reports of anger expression, including instruments used to assess mental health and challenging behaviour. METHOD Adults with intellectual disabilities, who had been identified as having problems with anger control, their key-workers and home carers all rated the service users' trait anger, using parallel versions of the same instrument (the Provocation Inventory). In addition, service users completed a battery of mental health assessments (the Glasgow Depression Scale, Glasgow Anxiety Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), and both groups of carers completed a battery of challenging behaviour measures (the Hyperactivity and Irritability domains of the Aberrant Behavior Checklist and the Modified Overt Anger Scale). RESULTS Participants had high levels of mental health problems (depression: 34%; anxiety: 73%) and severe challenging behaviour (26%). Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to explore the extent to which anger ratings by the three groups of respondents were predicted by demographic factors, mental health measures and challenging behaviour measures. Older service users rated themselves as less angry and were also rated as less angry by home carers, but not by key-workers. More intellectually able service users were rated as more angry by both sets of carers, but not by the service users themselves. Significantly, mental health status (but not challenging behaviour) predicted service users' self-ratings of anger, whereas challenging behaviour (but not mental health status) predicted carers' ratings of service users' anger. CONCLUSIONS Service users and their carers appear to use different information when rating the service users' anger. Service users' self-ratings reflect their internal emotional state and mental health, as reflected by their ratings of anxiety and depression, whereas staff rate service users' anger on the basis of overt behaviours, as measured by challenging behaviour scales.
Rat pregnane X receptor: molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and xenobiotic regulation.

An orphan nuclear receptor, termed the pregnane X receptor (PXR), has recently been cloned from mouse and human and defines a novel steroid signaling pathway (Cell 92, 73-82, 1998; Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 12208-122313, 1998). Transient cotransfection experiments demonstrate that the PXR responds to structurally dissimilar compounds and confers the induction of cytochrome P4503A (CYP3A), a subfamily of enzymes that involve the metabolism of two-thirds of drugs and other xenobiotics. In this report, we describe the molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and xenobiotic regulation of a rat PXR designated rPXR-1. rPXR-1 exhibits a 95% sequence identity with the mouse PXR, but only 79% identity with the human PXR, providing the molecular basis that rats and mice have a similar CYP3A induction profile but differ from humans. rPXR-1 gene was expressed abundantly in liver, intestine, and, to a lesser extent, kidney, lung, and stomach. The tissue distribution and the relative abundance of rPXR-1 mRNA among these tissues resemble those of CYP3A, suggesting that PXR is important not only for induction but also for constitutive expression of these enzymes. Xenobiotics known to induce liver microsomal enzymes showed differential effects on the rPXR-1 expression as determined by Northern blot analysis. Dexamethasone, for example, increased the accumulation of rPXR-1 mRNA, whereas troleandomycin slightly suppressed it. Compounds that increase PXR expression (inducers) and compounds that interact with PXR (ligands) likely have synergistic effects on CYP3A induction, which provides a novel molecular explanation for drug-drug interactions.
ICT‐Driven Public Service Transformation of Social Security Systems in a Developing Country: The Brazilian Case

This article reports on large‐scale service transformation in the social security system in a developing country accruing from the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in recent years. In the context of the Brazilian case, it offers insights into how a developing country is extensively employing ICT to meet its socio‐economic needs and circumstances. Here, it is provided an historical overview of experiences relative to re‐engineering of processes and the expansion of Internet and multi‐channel social security services. This paper examines ICT solutions from a functional perspective and it contributes to improve understanding of operational challenges faced by social security system in a developing country.
The Marketing Research Scene in Saudi Arabia

The marketing research scene in Saudi Arabia is investigated, where a number of environmental factors make marketing research a formidable undertaking. Cultural factors, such as language, religion and social etiquettes, hamper questionnaire surveys. As sampling frames and accurate maps are not available, probabilistic samples are difficult to construct. The private nature of the local people hinders data collection. In addition, the number of public and private sector organisations with research capabilities are few. Some secondary sources of information in the public sector exist. In light of recent interest in information, the future prospects for a wider diffusion of marketing research in Saudi Arabia look bright.
Labour Productivity Benchmarking In Greek Projects

o. manoliadis · labour productivity benchmarking in greek projects. · pp 221-226 IntRoDUCtIon The need for better productivity measurement, materials and equipment utilization arises from the relatively new concept of sustainable development especially in areas in Greece such as West Macedonia. If this is the case performance monitoring seeing as an adaptive approach to more closely link sustainability with project productivity is a crucial factor. Performance measurement is the activity of checking actual performance against targets throughout the life of the project, during construction and through the operational life of the completed facility. It includes: ▶ external benchmarking – assessing the client’s performance against other major purchasers of construction through participation in a number of benchmarking initiatives ▶ a framework for performance measurement – including primary core performance measures that compare performance of the client’s projects with that of the construction industry as a whole ▶ Secondary measures that compare different projects in the client organisation, including the number of changes to project requirements, final cost against initial estimate and end-user satisfaction. labour productivity, benchmarking, performance, construction
Multi-label Learning with Missing Labels

In multi-label learning, each sample can be assigned to multiple class labels simultaneously. In this work, we focus on the problem of multi-label learning with missing labels (MLML), where instead of assuming a complete label assignment is provided for each sample, only partial labels are assigned with values, while the rest are missing or not provided. The positive (presence), negative (absence) and missing labels are explicitly distinguished in MLML. We formulate MLML as a transductive learning problem, where the goal is to recover the full label assignment for each sample by enforcing consistency with available label assignments and smoothness of label assignments. Along with an exact solution, we also provide an effective and efficient approximated solution. Our method shows much better performance than several state-of-the-art methods on several benchmark data sets.
Tour Guides as Agents of Sustainability: Rhetoric, Reality and Implications for Research

Abstract Some authors and researchers have argued that tour guides are well-placed to foster sustainable tourism outcomes by, for example, communicating about and connecting clients with the natural and cultural environment and its values (via nature and heritage interpretation), and conveying, monitoring and role-modelling appropriate visitor behaviour in these environments. However, research that has contributed to assessing or enhancing the sustainability outcomes of tour guiding has been limited. Moreover, tour guides have had limited exposure to the use of theory, tools and techniques for optimizing the visitor experience and visitor-environment interaction within a sustainability framework. Not surprisingly, then, findings to date suggest that guides may not be fully realizing their potential to communicate and role-model sustainability in their tour content and practice. With the ever increasing pressure for tourism to enhance its cultural and ecological sustainability, this paper presents a timely examination of the theories and research that have been and can be used to harness tour guides as agents of sustainability. After examining some of the challenges that constrain research in this area, avenues for future research are presented that are both theory-driven and responsive to the realities and expectations placed on tour guides.
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study of clobetasol propionate 0.05% foam in the treatment of nonscalp psoriasis

Background Topical corticosteroids are the primary treatment for mild to moderate psoriasis. Foam preparations of corticosteroids offer potential cosmetic and pharmacodynamic advantages over cream and ointment vehicles. A clobetasol propionate foam product is as effective as clobetasol propionate solution in the treatment of scalp psoriasis.
The Effect of SFAS No. 141 on the Transparency of Business Combination Reporting: Evidence from the Initial Year of Implementation

This study examines the impact of SFAS No.141 on business combination reporting. Specifically, I predict smaller analysts' earnings forecast errors as a result of elimination of pooling and more informative disclosures for merging firms after the adoption of SFAS No. 141. I restrict my post-SFAS 141 sample to the initial year of SFAS 141 implementation. Such research design provides the unique opportunity to disentangle effects of SFAS No. 141 from simultaneously adopted SFAS No. 142 due to specific accounting treatment for goodwill impairment during this period. Overall, results from this study are consistent with expectations and provide evidence that SFAS No. 141 increased financial reporting transparency after mergers. However, this improvement in financial reporting transparency more likely follows from the extended disclosure requirements and the other required changes in purchase method than from the longly debated elimination of pooling.
Bond pricing when the short-term interest rate follows a threshold process

This paper derives analytical solutions for arbitrage-free bond yields when the short-term interest rate follows an autoregressive process with the intercept switching endogenously. This process from the SETAR family is especially suited to capture the near-unit-root behaviour typically observed in the evolution of short-term interest rates. The derived yield functions, mapping the one-month rate into n-period yields, exhibit a convex/concave shape to the left and right of the threshold value, respectively, a pattern which is also found in US bond yield data. The longer the time to maturity, the more distinct the nonlinearity of the yield function becomes.
The Northern Territory's Weed Risk Management System: An Application of the National Post-border WRM Protocol

Weed risk management (WRM) is recognized internationally as a useful tool to assist land managers to address the often controversial issue of exotic plant management. A WRM system has been developed for use in the Northern Territory. This WRM system is based on the National Post-border WRM Protocol and includes an assessment of weed risk and feasibility of control. Outcomes from these assessments guide the management response. The system was developed to include questions particularly relevant for northern Australia. Stakeholders have been involved in the development and implementation stages, through engagement in workshops, community forums and representation on committees undertaking policy development, technical development of the WRM tool and its implementation. The NT WRM system will continue to be refined as we develop and incorporate spatially explicit and economic decision support tools.
Voice Activated Display of American Sign Language for Airport Security

Airport security procedures pose accessibility problems for the Deaf. These procedures have become more complex and intrusive as security measures have been reassessed. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)[1] and the Air Carriers Access Act (ACAA) [2] do specify accommodations that airlines must make. However, the requirements specified in these acts are minimal and do not help the Deaf in negotiating security checkpoints.
Tracking Back-Talk in Consumer-Generated Advertising

ABSTRACT The advent of inexpensive hardware (video cameras) and free video-production and -editing software has enabled almost anyone to produce a reasonably competent video. When this is coupled to free video-hosting sites such as youTube, individual consumers can produce content—and many do so—in the form of ads about the brands they love, hate, or simply want to comment on. This means that advertising no longer is strictly under the control of marketers and their advertisers' agencies. It also means that many of the tried-and-trusted tools of advertising research do not work well in the age of consumer-generated content. Much of the feedback on consumer-generated advertising is in the form of ad hoc comments and discussion on video-hosting sites rather than data collected by means of formal structured survey. Yet it may be critical, in many cases, for those who manage advertising to understand it well. The authors introduce and demonstrate two approaches that may be used to make sense of the conversations that surround consumer-generated advertising—correspondence analysis of the word structure in consumer comments and a new form of Bayesian machine learning-based content analysis that iteratively “learns” concepts and their relationships. Managerial implications are identified, the limitations of the research acknowledged, and avenues for future research outlined.
Confinement properties of 2D porous molecular networks on metal surfaces

Quantum effects that arise from confinement of electronic states have been extensively studied for the surface states of noble metals. Utilizing small artificial structures for confinement allows tailoring of the surface properties and offers unique opportunities for applications. So far, examples of surface state confinement include thin films, artificial nanoscale structures, vacancy and adatom islands, self-assembled 1D chains, vicinal surfaces, quantum dots and quantum corrals. In this review we summarize recent achievements in changing the electronic structure of surfaces by adsorption of nanoporous networks whose design principles are based on the concepts of supramolecular chemistry. Already in 1993, it was shown that quantum corrals made from Fe atoms on a Cu(1 1 1) surface using single atom manipulation with a scanning tunnelling microscope confine the Shockley surface state. However, since the atom manipulation technique for the construction of corral structures is a relatively time consuming process, the fabrication of periodic two-dimensional (2D) corral structures is practically impossible. On the other side, by using molecular self-assembly extended 2D porous structures can be achieved in a parallel process, i.e. all pores are formed at the same time. The molecular building blocks are usually held together by non-covalent interactions like hydrogen bonding, metal coordination or dipolar coupling. Due to the reversibility of the bond formation defect-free and long-range ordered networks can be achieved. However, recently also examples of porous networks formed by covalent coupling on the surface have been reported. By the choice of the molecular building blocks, the dimensions of the network (pore size and pore to pore distance) can be controlled. In this way, the confinement properties of the individual pores can be tuned. In addition, the effect of the confined state on the hosting properties of the pores will be discussed in this review article.
Lectures on Stochastic Programming: Modeling and Theory

“SPbook”2009/5/4page iiiiiiiiiiDarinka DentchevaDepartment of Mathematical SciencesStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken, NJ 07030, USAAndrzej Ruszczynski´Department of Management Science and Information SystemsRutgers UniversityPiscataway, NJ 08854, USAAlexander ShapiroSchool of Industrial and Systems EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta, GA 30332, USAThe authors dedicate this book:to Julia, Benjamin, Daniel, Natan and Yael;to Tsonka, Konstatin and Marek;and to the Memory of Feliks, Maria, and Dentcho.
Intertester Reliability of Hand-Held Dynamometry: A Concise Summary of Published Research

Literature describing the use of hand-held dynamometry was examined to determine whether conclusions could be drawn regarding intertester reliability. 18 studies reporting intertester reliability coefficients were found and summarized. These suggest that high intertester reliability can be obtained, but that it is in jeopardy if tester strength is low relative to the forces being measured.
Reaching India’s Renewable Energy Targets Cost-Effectively: A Foreign Exchange Hedging Facility

In India, a significant barrier to market-competitiveness of renewable energy is a shortage of attractive debt. Domestic debt has high cost, short tenors, and variable interest rates, adding 30% to the cost of renewable energy compared to renewable energy projects elsewhere. Foreign debt is as expensive as domestic debt because it requires costly market-based currency hedging solutions. We investigate a government-sponsored foreign exchange facility as an alternative to reducing hedging costs. Using the geometric Brownian motion (GBM) as a representative stochastic model of the INR–USD foreign exchange rate, we find that the expected cost of providing a currency hedge via this facility is 3.5 percentage points, 50% lower than market. This leads to an up to 9% reduction in the per unit cost of renewable energy. However, this requires the government to manage the risks related to unexpected currency movements appropriately. One option to manage these risks is via a capital buffer; for the facility to obtain India's sovereign rating, the capital buffer would need to be almost 30% of the underlying loan. Our findings have significant policy implications given that the Indian government can use this facility to make renewable energy more competitive and, therefore, hasten its deployment.
Categorizing Business Goals for Software Architectures

Abstract : Business goals are the foundation on which software systems are justified, analyzed, and built. Software systems are constructed to realize business or mission goals. Software architecture is the bridge between the business goals and the realized system. Those claims about business goals underlie many methods for designing and analyzing software architectures. However, precisely eliciting and characterizing business goals has always been problematic. Business goals come in many forms and at many levels of abstraction, and the stakeholders of the system are usually not accustomed to making goals explicit. This report provides a categorization of possible business goals, so that stakeholders can have guidance in the goals' creation, expression, and documentation. The categorization was derived by mining a set of 190 distinct business goals elicited in 25 Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (trademark) (ATAM) evaluations and then by performing an affinity diagram process to group the business goals into categories. For each goal, example scenarios are provided to illustrate how the goal might impact a system. Finally, this report shows how the architecture business cycle (ABC) may be extended by the business goal categorization.
Overexpression of a Vesicle Trafficking Gene, OsRab7, Enhances Salt Tolerance in Rice

High soils salinity is a main factor affecting agricultural production. Studying the function of salt-tolerance-related genes is essential to enhance crop tolerance to stress. Rab7 is a small GTP-binding protein that is distributed widely among eukaryotes. Endocytic trafficking mediated by Rab7 plays an important role in animal and yeast cells, but the current understanding of Rab7 in plants is still very limited. Herein, we isolated a vesicle trafficking gene, OsRab7, from rice. Transgenic rice over-expressing OsRab7 exhibited enhanced seedling growth and increased proline content under salt-treated conditions. Moreover, an increased number of vesicles was observed in the root tip of OsRab7 transgenic rice. The OsRab7 over-expression plants showed enhanced tolerance to salt stress, suggesting that vacuolar trafficking is important for salt tolerance in plants.
Efficient reduced-order modeling of frequency-dependent coupling inductances associated with 3-D interconnect structures

Reduced-order modeling techniques are now commonly used to efficiently simulate circuits combined with interconnect, but generating reduced-order models from realistic 3-D structures has received less attention. In this paper we describe a Krylov-subspace based method for deriving reduced-order models directly from the 3-D magnetoquasistatic analysis program FASTHENRY. This new approach is no more expensive than computing an impedance matrix at a single frequency. <<ETX>>
Isoradius Contours : New representations and techniques for 3 D object registration and matching

We propose a technique for simultaneous 3D object registration (alignment) and matching using a novel representation, which we call “isoradius contours”. The method is particularly useful when there is a single distinctive and easily localised point on the 3D object surface. In the case of a human face, the nose tip is easy to localise and so the method works well for 3D face verification and recognition applications. An isoradius contour is the contour on a 3D surface that is a known fixed distance relative to some predefined reference point (such as the tip of the nose) and can be thought of a the intersection of a sphere (of given radius, centered on that reference point) with the object surface. An object representation contains many isoradius contours with different radii and the first major benefit of the technique is that the shape of the contours is independent of the object pose, due to the infinite rotational symmetry of a sphere. We show how the method can be used both to register (align) 3D objects and match (compare) them in recognition and verification applications. The second major benefit of the technique is that registration and matching can be implemented with a simple process of 1D correlation. The method easily lends itself to a rich representation of both 3D structural and 2D color-texture properties. Also, in terms of applications which image the human face, such as face recognition/verification, the representation can be used to usefully encode facial expression and may be used in advanced techniques that simultaneously determine or verify identity and yield a classification of facial expression.