Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Improvement of TCP Communication based on Cooperative Congestion Control in Android Terminals

As the Internet evolves to include many very high speed and long distance network paths, the performance of TCP have improved. Particularly, modern loss-based TCPs increase the window size aggressively togain better throughput over other competing TCP sessions. Due to such aggressive strategies, a large number of packets may be backlogged and eventually dropped at the entry point to a wireless access network. Our previous work proposed CUBIC-based CWND control middleware for Android terminals to solve the backlog issue. It utilizes the measured Round Trip Time (RTT) in each terminal as an indication of the TCP ACK backlog condition at the WLAN Access Point (AP), and controls the upper limit of its CWND size to suppress excessive transmissions of its own TCP DATA packets. However, the middleware causes the severe fairness dwindling due to the timing difference of the middleware of each node when to start the control. In this study, we propose a new mechanism which takes the fairness of the transmission into account. Our new method starts control with taking cooperativeness into account. Our evaluation demonstrated that our new method gained more cooperativeness and fairness over the previous one by comprehending the situation of all other competing devices in the network.
Content-Based Conflict of Interest Detection on Wikipedia

Wikipedia is one of the most visited websites in the world. On Wikipedia, Conflict-of-Interest (CoI) editing happens when an editor uses Wikipedia to advance their interests or relationships. This includes paid editing done by organisations for public relations purposes, etc. CoI detection is highly subjective and though closely related to vandalism and bias detection, it is a more difficult problem. In this paper, we frame CoI detection as a binary classification problem and explore various features which can be used to train supervised classifiers for CoI detection on Wikipedia articles. Our experimental results show that the best F-measure achieved is 0.67 by training SVM from a combination of features including stylometric, bias and emotion features. As we are not certain that our non-CoI set does not contain any CoI articles, we have also explored the use of one-class classification for CoI detection. The results show that using stylometric features outperforms other types of features or a combination of them and gives an F-measure of 0.63. Also, while binary classifiers give higher recall values (0.81∼0.94), one-class classifier attains higher precision values (0.69∼0.74)
A spatial‐knowledge‐enhanced heuristic for solving the p‐median problem

The p‐median problem (PMP) is one of the most applied location problems in urban and regional planning. As an NP‐hard problem, the PMP remains challenging to solve optimally, especially for large‐sized problems. A number of heuristics have been developed to obtain PMP solutions in a fast manner. Among the heuristics, the Teitz and Bart (TB) algorithm has been found effective for finding high‐quality solutions. In this article, we present a spatial‐knowledge‐enhanced Teitz and Bart (STB) heuristic method for solving PMPs. The STB heuristic prioritizes candidate facility sites to be examined in the solution set based on the spatial distribution of demand and service provision. Tests based on a range of PMPs demonstrate the effectiveness of the STB heuristic. This new algorithm can be incorporated into current commercial GIS packages to solve a wide range of location‐allocation problems.
Dynamic Copy Number Evolution of X- and Y-Linked Ampliconic Genes in Human Populations

Ampliconic genes are multicopy genes often located on sex chromosomes and enriched for testis-expressed genes. Here, Lucotte et al. developed new bioinformatic approaches to investigate the ampliconic gene copy number and their coding. Ampliconic genes are multicopy, with the majority found on sex chromosomes and enriched for testis-expressed genes. While ampliconic genes have been associated with the emergence of hybrid incompatibilities, we know little about their copy number distribution and their turnover in human populations. Here, we explore the evolution of human X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes by investigating copy number variation (CNV) and coding variation between populations using the Simons Genome Diversity Project. We develop a method to assess CNVs using the read depth on modified X and Y chromosome targets containing only one repetition of each ampliconic gene. Our results reveal extensive standing variation in copy number both within and between human populations for several ampliconic genes. For the Y chromosome, we can infer multiple independent amplifications and losses of these gene copies even within closely related Y haplogroups, that diversified < 50,000 years ago. Moreover, X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes seem to have a faster amplification dynamic than autosomal multicopy genes. Looking at expression data from another study, we also find that X- and Y-linked ampliconic genes with extensive CNV are significantly more expressed than genes with no CNV during meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (for both X and Y) and postmeiotic sex chromosome repression (for the Y chromosome only). While we cannot rule out that the XY-linked ampliconic genes are evolving neutrally, this study gives insights into the distribution of copy number within human populations and demonstrates an extremely fast turnover in copy number of these regions.
Developing SMART educational cloud environment on the basis of adaptive massive open online courses

The use of adaptive massive open online courses (MOOCs) in the educational process of students contributes to the expansion of ways to implement personalized learning. The development of new approaches and intellectual methods for this area is a priority. Based on the developed approaches, it is possible to build individual educational paths in MOOCs. The analysis showed that the development of new intellectual methods for providing complex personalization in the SMART educational cloud environment requires further research and scientific justification. The development of this direction will ensure the implementation of the most important didactic principles: individualization, differentiation and adaptability. In this paper we summarize the approaches and methods used to provide personalization in the MOOC. In our research model of the adaptive MOOC architecture is presented. It includes describing of the following main components: «Database Student», «Database Course», «Database Learning Process», «MOOC Intelligent System», «Personal Learning Path». The interconnection of the processes of these components is based on Big Data processing and analysis, using the methods Data Analysis, Learning Analytics, Education Data Mining.
Biomedical scientific publication patterns in the Scopus database: a case study of Andalusia, Spain

This paper characterises scientific output in biomedicine in Andalusia, and Spain as a whole, and conduct a first-time comparison to Europeand world-wide production. The data were extracted from the Scopus database. Three families of indicators are explored to analyse research quantity, quality and collaboration. The results show an upward trend on biomedical output in Andalusia. Over 50 % was in clinical medicine, whose growth doubled the basic medicine. We found greater than nationwide specialisation in biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology, immunology and microbiology, and pharmacology, while psychology proved to be the most prominent emerging area. The publication in most cited journals together with national and international collaboration enhanced research visibility. More citable papers were published on basic than clinical medicine, and the number of citations received by the former was also larger. The higher citation rate in basic medicine may also be explained by the bigger percentage of papers published in international instead domestic journals. Hence, publication patterns would appear to affect research visibility. The methodology proposed may provide guidance for public policy makers to improve, encourage and intensify good biomedical research practice.
Bivalirudin versus heparin in primary PCI: clinical outcomes and cost analysis

Background The evidence for benefits of bivalirudin over heparin has recently been challenged. We aimed to analyse the safety and cost-effectiveness following reintroduction of heparin instead of bivalirudin as the standard anticoagulation for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in a high-volume centre. Methods and results This analysis was an open-label, prospective registry including all patients admitted to our centre for PPCI from April 2014 to April 2016. Heparin was reintroduced as standard anticoagulant in April 2015. During the 2 years, 1291 patients underwent a PPCI, 662 in the Bivalirudin protocol period (Cohort B) and 629 in the Heparin protocol period (Cohort H). Baseline and procedural characteristics were not significantly different, except for a higher use of thromboaspiration and femoral access in the earlier Cohort B. Glycoprotein 2b3a (Gp2b3a) antagonists were used in 24% of the patients in Cohort B versus 28% in Cohort H (P<0.01). We did not observe any differences in death at 180 days (11.03% in Cohort B vs 11.29% in Cohort H)(HR 95% CI 0.98 (0.72 to 1.33), P=0.88). The incidence of any bleeding complications at 30 days did not differ between the two periods (21.9% vs 21.9%, P=0.99). The cost related to the anticoagulants amounted to £246 236 in Cohort B versus £4483 in Cohort H (£324 406 vs £102 347 when adding Gp2b3a antagonists). Conclusion We did not find clinically relevant changes in patient outcomes, including bleeding complications with reintroduction of heparin in our PPCI protocol. However, the use of heparin was associated with a major reduction in treatment costs.
Effective Segmentation Approaches for Renal Calculi Segmentation

US Images are a commonly used tool for renal calculi diagnosis, although it is time consuming and tedious for radiologists to manually detect and calculate the size of the renal calculi. It is very difficult to properly segment the US image to detect interested area of objects with the correct position and shape due to speckle formation and other artifacts. In addition, boundary edges may be missing or weak and usually incomplete at some places. With that point of view, the three proposed methods have been developed for renal calculi segmentation.
Enhanced delineation of reservoir compartmentalization from advanced Pre and Post-stack seismic attribute analysis

Reservoir compartmentalization has a huge bearing on fluid flow within hydrocarbon reservoirs, and can impact overall recovery during field development. Small and sub-seismic faults can have a dramatic effect on the compartmentalization within a reservoir, but until recently they have not typically been incorporated into fault interpretations. This can be due to data fidelity and the amount of time needed to manually pick them. Their omission from the interpretation - and ultimately reservoir models - means the understanding of reservoir compartmentalization is incomplete, hence solving this problem is critical to improve production. Approaches that automatically identify and extract faults from seismic volumes are available. These automated methods aim to emphasize discontinuities within seismic volumes and are usually focused on poststack data. However, they need preconditioned inputs that are often based around a coherence algorithm. This preconditioning aims to suppress noise but can inflict data degradation, which may diminish smaller features in the seismic volumes. This article proposes an enhanced approach using a new combination of preconditioning steps designed to avoid these degradation problems. It also proposes the use of prestack seismic data, which has not traditionally been used for this purpose. Analysis of various pre-stack elements is displayed to show it can delineate more features than poststack data alone in certain noisy areas, such as gas effects or low frequencies. Finally, it demonstrates that the best approach combines results from pre- and poststack analysis to produce a more complete picture of reservoir compartmentalization.
On the Electrical and Optical Features of the Plasma Coagulation Controller Low Temperature Atmospheric Plasma Jet

We report on the electrical and optical characterization of the Plasma Coagulation Controller (PCC) device, a low temperature atmospheric plasma source for biomedical applications. This device, designed for the study of plasma-induced blood coagulation, has been developed to operate flexibly in several operational conditions, since it is possible to vary the applied voltage V p and the pulse repetition rate f in a quite wide range ( V p range: 2–12 kV, f range: 1–40 kHz). Emission spectroscopy measurements were conducted by varying the line of sight along the axis of helium and neon plasma plumes. The increase of the Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (RONS) has been observed, as one moves from inside the gas pipe to the outside, as a consequence of the gas mixture with the surrounding air. Furthermore, high-speed photographs of the plasma jet were taken, showing that the plasma is not uniformly distributed in a continuous volumetric region, the plasma being concentrated in localized structures called Pulsed Atmospheric-pressure Plasma Streams (PAPS). The propagation velocities of these objects have been examined, noting that they are not related to the propagation of ion sound waves. Rather, we provide indications that the streamer propagation speed is proportional to the electron drift velocity.
Doppler images of DI Piscium during 2004–2006

Aims. DI Psc (HD 217352) is a Li-rich, rapidly rotating single K giant. We set out to study the spot configuration and activity level by calculating surface temperature maps of the star. Methods. We apply the Doppler imaging method on high-resolution optical spectroscopy obtained during 2004–2006. Results. In July–August 2004, no clear spot structures were visible, but the spot coverage increased in July 2005, and cool spots emerged, especially at intermediate latitudes. Later on in September 2006, the spot coverage increased and cool spots were visible on both sides of the equator. However, the map of 2006 suffers from bad phase coverage, meaning it is not possible to draw definite conclusions on the spot locations during that season. Conclusions. Compared with earlier Doppler maps of DI Psc and temperature maps obtained for other late-type stars with similar rotation rates, DI Psc seems to be in a low activity state especially during the observing season of July–August 2004. During the 2005 and 2006 observing seasons, the spot activity seen in the spectral line profiles and inferred from Doppler images increases, and the temperature contrast in our last map is more comparable to what was reported in an earlier study. Therefore, it can be concluded that the spot activity level of the star is variable over time. However, the present and previous Doppler images form too short a time series to draw conclusions about a possible activity cycle in DI Psc.
Beyond the Limits: tRNA Array Units in Mycobacterium Genomes

tRNA array unit, a genomic region presenting an intriguing high tRNA gene number and density, was supposed to occur only in few bacteria phyla, particularly Firmicutes. Here, we identified and characterized an abundance and diversity of tRNA array units in Mycobacterium associated genomes. These genomes comprised chromosome, bacteriophages and plasmids from mycobacteria. Firstly, we had identified 32 tRNA genes organized in an array unit within a mycobacteria plasmid genome and therefore, we hypothesized the presence of such structures in Mycobacterium genus. However, at the time, bioinformatics tools only predict tRNA genes, not characterizing their arrangement as arrays. In order to test our hypothesis, we developed and applied an in-house Perl script that identified tRNA genes organization as an array unit. This survey included a total of 7,670 complete and drafts genomes of Mycobacterium genus, 4312 mycobacteriophage genomes and 40 mycobacteria plasmids. We showed that tRNA array units are abundant in genomes associated to the Mycobacterium genus, mainly in Mycobacterium abscessus complex species, being spread in chromosome, prophage, and plasmid genomes. Moreover, other non-coding RNA species (tmRNA and structured RNA) were also identified in these regions. Our results revealed that tRNA array units are not restrict, as previously assumed, to few bacteria phyla and genomes being present in one of the most diverse bacteria genus. We also provide a bioinformatics tool that allows further exploration of this issue in huge genomic databases. The presence of tRNA array units in plasmids and bacteriophages, associated with horizontal gene transfer, and in a bacteria genus that explores diverse niches, are indicatives that tRNA array units have impact in the bacteria biology.
SMTpp : preprocessors and analyzers for SMT-LIB

We present SMTpp, a tool that operates both as a source-to-source transformer and analyzer for SMT-LIB. The first goal of SMTpp is to offer a framework to which developers of SMT solvers can delegate computing tasks that are both necessary to be competitive (at least on some families of benchmarks), and somehow irrelevant to the essence of SMT-solving. The second goal is to provide facilities to simplify and classify SMT-LIB benchmarks.
‘You talking to me?’ The influence of peer communication on adolescents’ persuasion knowledge and attitude towards social advertisements

ABSTRACT This article examines how peer communication among adolescents (14–16 years) affects the evaluation of social advertising (i.e. targeted ad that adopts the social proof heuristic by using an individual’s social ties as endorsers for a brand) on social networking sites (SNSs). More precisely, the focus lies on how engaging in online peer chatting on these social platforms alters persuasion knowledge and attitude towards the ad. In order to test this, two between-subjects experiments were conducted in which adolescents chatted with peers on a mock SNS that contained a social ad. In Experiment 1, results reveal that a social ad generates a more positive attitude among adolescents when they have engaged in online peer communication, and at the same time, triggers less persuasion knowledge. In Experiment 2, the depth of the relationship between the chatters (tie strength) plays a significant moderating role as peer communication with strong ties yields greater effects, compared to communication with weak ties. These findings reveal important social influence dynamics that may alter the elaboration of persuasive communication, leading to valuable theoretical and practical implications.
PET/CT Biological Imaging of Irradiation-Treated Tumors: Which Studies may Lead to an Improvement in Curability?

The growing availability and development of PET/CT imaging has significantly improved the work of all professionals who deal with cancer care: radiologists, clinical oncologists, radiation oncologists and surgeons. The primary use of PET/CT is diagnosis. By using radiotracer-labeled agents that are able to specifically visualize tumor cells or even certain phenomena undergoing in them, significantly more information is delivered. 18FDG is the earliest-introduced and thus the most used PET/CT radiotracer. It basically reflects the intensity of glucose metabolism, which is usually increased in tumors. It therefore reveals all tumor sites and helps differentiate benign and malignant nodules [1]. More tumor-specific radiotracers exist that bind to certain tumors, which demonstrate little 18FDG avidity. These include 11C-choline (prostate cancer), 68Ga-DOTA octreotate (differentiated neuroendocrine tumors, meningiomas), 18F-NaF (bone metastasis) [2]. 18FET detects active DNA synthesis and is the tracer of choice for imaging of the brain tumors and differentiating vivid tumors from inflammatory and post-treatment lesions [3]. Aside from these diagnostic applications, numerous studies are emerging that attempt to derive information on tumor prognosis from PET/CT. Those that may eventually lead to selection of patient subgroups for treatment escalation are particularly important from radiation oncologist’s point of view.
Determination of Intracellular Concentrations of Nucleoside Analogues and their Phosphorylated Metabolites

Nucleoside analogues are broadly used in antiviral and anti-tumor therapy. The clinical response depends on the intracellular formation of the pharmacologically active mono-, di-, and tri-phosphates moiety. So it is not advisable to simply monitore plasma concentration without concerning the variation of concentration of active constituent in some particular effector cell apparently while this kind of drugs are applied to the clinical therapy. Therefore, determination of intracellular concentration of nucleoside analogues and their phosphorylated metabolites is of great significance. In this review, several methods including RP-HPLC, LC-MS/MS, radioimmunoassay and capillary electrophoresis (CE) for analysis of nucleoside analogues are discussed. Because of the complex biological matrices as well as the extremely low concentration of target analytes, cell lysis techniques and sample pretreatment methods such as protein precipitation (PP) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) are also discussed.
A proposal for a multi-format streaming server framework

This paper presents a proposition for design and realization of a multi-format streaming server framework. Building blocks required to implement this framework are identified, and their implementation described using existing technologies and protocols. Presented framework addresses the problems surrounding the distribution of Digital Television (DTV), as well as local media content, to a wide array of second screen devices (e.g. mobile devices, such as tablets or smartphones). The paper also includes a brief description and interaction analysis of protocols used for aforementioned media content discovery, control and out-of-band transfer.
Node caching for content distribution in mobile delaytolerant network

Different countries in the world all have different degrees of communication underdeveloped areas, how to reduce “digital gap” between urban and rural effectively is one of the problems need to be solved. This phenomenon provides ample space for the development of mobile delay tolerant network because the “storage-carry-forward” communication mode in MDTN does not need the support of the network infrastructure, and MDTN can effectively compensate for the shortage of operator's network coverage. At the same time, the requirement of storage capacity of nodes in MDTN is increasing quickly. How to manage the limited cache space efficiently is the focus of the study. At present, many cache strategies have achieved some results, but the “user interest” is often easily overlooked by the researchers. Based on this phenomenon, we believe that the user interest is one of the factors that cannot be ignored in the design of caching strategies. Considering the lack of communication in remote areas, this paper combined MDTN and content center network and proposed a new node cache technology named IBCS for this hybrid network. In IBCS, we consider the user interest as the main metric to decide whether or not to cache a content. Finally, the cache technology is implemented on the ONE simulation platform. Through the experiment analysis and comparison under the real data set and the whole simulation data set, we found that the IBCS (Interest Based Cache Strategy) proposed in this paper is the best in all aspects of network performance under the same network environment.