Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traceability and Viewpoints in Enterprise Architectures

In the times of increasing information volumes it is virtually impossible to harness the complexity and changes of the enterprise processes and requirements without taking into account the aid of the enterprise architectures, which are being supported by methodologies surveyed in this article. Software architectures for them serve as templates for system development processes and can describe the basic infrastructures for hardware, software and networks as well as their interrelations. Each involved participant fashions its own view on the final system, a developer or an architect alike, thus constituting rationale for the introduction of viewpoints at different abstraction levels provided in this article.
Magnetic Resonance Measurement of Diffusion in the Abdomen

Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging is an emerging noninvasive technique increasing its spectrum of use in the abdomen. Diffusion-weighted imaging has been used as add-on to routine abdominal protocol because it may potentially substitute contrast-enhanced imaging in cases under risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images calculated from DW images enable qualitative and quantitative evaluations of tissue water mobility and functional environment because of changes in intracellular, extracellular, and intravascular tissue compartments. This article presents the basic physics of the ADC measurement, the techniques for performing ADC measurements of the liver and the pancreas, and the clinical applications of DW imaging.
Sparser Sparse Roadmaps

We present methods for offline generation of sparse roadmap spanners that result in graphs 79% smaller than existing approaches while returning solutions of equivalent path quality. Our method uses a hybrid approach to sampling that combines traditional graph discretization with random sampling. We present techniques that optimize the graph for the L1-norm metric function commonly used in joint-based robotic planning, purposefully choosing a $t$-stretch factor based on the geometry of the space, and removing redundant edges that do not contribute to the graph quality. A high-quality pre-processed sparse roadmap is then available for re-use across many different planning scenarios using standard repair and re-plan methods. Pre-computing the roadmap offline results in more deterministic solutions, reduces the memory requirements by affording complex rejection criteria, and increases the speed of planning in high-dimensional spaces allowing more complex problems to be solved such as multi-modal task planning. Our method is validated through simulated benchmarks against the SPARS2 algorithm. The source code is freely available online as an open source extension to OMPL.
Timing-aware wire width optimization for SADP process

Wire width optimization for SADP process is addressed, which involves a decision of how cut- and block-masks should form; a goal is to reduce wire delay in timing critical paths. The problem is formulated using a graph: a vertex corresponds to wire segment with its maximum length for widening as a vertex weight; an edge represents a potential conflict between two candidate wire segments that we wish to widen. A maximum weight independent set corresponds to an ideal solution. For a few circuits that we test, wire resistance of timing critical nets is reduced by 18.5% on average, which leads to 9.9% reduction in clock period.
Joint Estimation of Chords and Downbeats From an Audio Signal

We present a new technique for joint estimation of the chord progression and the downbeats from an audio file. Musical signals are highly structured in terms of harmony and rhythm. In this paper, we intend to show that integrating knowledge of mutual dependencies between chords and metric structure allows us to enhance the estimation of these musical attributes. For this, we propose a specific topology of hidden Markov models that enables modelling chord dependence on metric structure. This model allows us to consider pieces with complex metric structures such as beat addition, beat deletion or changes in the meter. The model is evaluated on a large set of popular music songs from the Beatles that present various metric structures. We compare a semi-automatic model in which the beat positions are annotated, with a fully automatic model in which a beat tracker is used as a front-end of the system. The results show that the downbeat positions of a music piece can be estimated in terms of its harmonic structure and that conversely the chord progression estimation benefits from considering the interaction between the metric and the harmonic structures.
Convergence analysis of a frequency-domain adaptive filter with exponential power averaging and generalized window function

One of the advantages of a Frequency-Domain Adaptive Filter (FDAF) is that one can achieve convergence at a constant rate over the whole frequency range by choosing the adaptation constant for each frequency bin l equal to the overall adaptation constant divided by an estimate of the input power at this frequency bin. A commonly used method, applied in this paper, to estimate the input power is to do an exponentially weighting with smoothing constant \beta on the magnitude squared of the input values at each frequency bin l . Furthermore, it is known that a correctly implemented FDAF, using the overlap-save method, contains five 2 N -points Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT). Two of these are used to force the last N points of the time-domain augmented impulse response to zero by applying a particular window function. In this paper, an analysis is given of the FDAF where the window function is generalized. Using these results, the convergence behavior of FDAF's with various window functions is compared. Furthermore, the analysis describes the influence of \beta on the convergence behavior of the FDAF over the whole convergence range.
Bone tissue in different parts of the edentulous maxilla and mandible.

BACKGROUND The composition of the fully healed edentulous ridge of the posterior maxilla was recently examined and was found to contain about 50% mineralized bone and 16% bone marrow. AIM The objective was to examine the composition of the tissue of the fully healed ridge in different portions of the maxilla and the mandible in partially dentate subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-seven healthy subjects were included. A trephine drill was used to harvest hard tissue specimens. The biopsies were decalcified, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, stained, and examined using a point-counting procedure. RESULTS The marginal portion of the jaws almost consistently contained a cortical cap that was significantly wider in the mandible than in the maxilla and twice as wide in the anterior as in the posterior segments of the mandible. Lamellar bone and bone marrow were the dominating tissue elements. Lamellar bone occupied about 63% of the tissue in the mandible and 46% in the maxilla. The maxilla contained about 23% bone marrow as compared to 16% in the mandible. In the mandible, 70% (anterior) and 57% (posterior) were made up of lamellar bone. In the maxilla, the proportion of lamellar bone in the anterior and posterior segments was similar (about 45%). Bone marrow occupied close to 40% of the anterior maxilla, while in the posterior maxilla and the anterior and posterior mandible marrow comprised between 13 and 18%. CONCLUSION Marked differences existed with respect to tissue composition of the edentulous ridge between the maxilla and the mandible. The cortical crest was wider in the mandible than in the maxilla, and widest in the symphysis region of the mandible. The proportion of bone marrow was greater in the maxilla than in the mandible. The maxillary front tooth region was poor in lamellar bone but rich in bone marrow, while the anterior mandible contained large amounts of mineralized bone but small amounts of bone marrow.
Association between Serum Total Antioxidant Status and Coronary Microvascular Functions in Patients with SLE

Mortality from cardiovascular disease has been found to be increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Coronary flow reserve (CFR) measurement is used both to assess epicardial coronary arteries and to examine the integrity of coronary microvascular circulation. Oxidative stress, enhancing modification of plasma lipids, is also associated with atherosclerotic events in lupus patients. Impairment of CFR and TAS has been shown to be an early manifestation of coronary atherosclerosis. Forty patients with SLE and 33 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Echocardiographic examination included left ventricular myocardial velocity measurements and coronary flow reserve (CFR) measurement. Serum total antioxidant status levels (TAS) also were measured using TAS kit. Lateral myocardial early peak velocity (Em) and lateral Em/Am ratio did not differ between the groups, but lateral myocardial atrial peak velocity (Am) was significantly higher in SLE group than the control group. Baseline coronary diastolic peak flow velocity (DPFV) of left anterior descending was similar in both the groups. However, hyperemic DPFV and CFR (2.50 ± 0.42 vs. 3.09 ± 0.45, P < 0.0001) were significantly lower in the SLE group than in the control group. CFR significantly and inversely correlated with CRP and significantly correlated with TAS. Subclinical coronary microvascular dysfunction can occur in SLE patients without traditional cardiovascular risk factors, probably associated with underlying inflammation and impairment of TAS.
Counting Models Using Connected Components

Recent work by Birnbaum & Lozinskii [1999] demonstrated that a clever yet simple extension of the well-known DavisPutnam procedure for solving instances of propositional satisfiability yields an efficient scheme for counting the number of satisfying assignments (models). We present a new extension, based on recursively identifying connected constraint-graph components, that substantially improves counting performance on random 3-SAT instances as well as benchmark instances from the SATLIB and Beijing suites. In addition, from a structure-based perspective of worst-case complexity, while polynomial time satisfiability checking is known to require only a backtrack search algorithm enhanced with nogood learning, we show that polynomial time counting using backtrack search requires an additional enhancement: good learning.
Usability evaluation for mobile device: a comparison of laboratory and field tests

Usability testing of mobile devices is an emerging area of research in the field of Human-Computer Interaction. Guidelines had been established as to how usability tests should be conducted. However, there are limitations to the effectiveness of conventional usability tests, especially for mobile devices. Mobile devices typically are used in different situations, but current evaluation method cannot uncover problems in all type of situations. Hence, this study evaluates the effectiveness of conventional laboratory usability tests. It investigated the differences between usability tests on mobile phones conducted in laboratory and real life situation. Significant differences were found, including the frequency and severity of usability problems encountered, the users' behavior, and subjective responses to the device and the interaction.
Multi-sensor context aware clothing

Inspired by perception in biological systems, distribution of a massive amount of simple sensing devices is gaining more support in detection applications. A focus on fusion of sensor signals instead of strong analysis algorithms, and a scheme to distribute sensors, results in new issues. Especially in wearable computing, where sensor data continuously changes, and clothing provides an ideal supporting structure for simple sensors, this approach may prove to be favourable. Experiments with a body-distributed sensor system investigate the influence of two factors that affect classification of what has been sensed: an increase in sensors enhances recognition, while adding new classes or contexts depreciates the results. Finally, a wearable computing related scenario is discussed that exploits the presence of many sensors.
A Review of Metal Additive Manufacturing Technologies

Additive manufacturing is a layer based manufacturing process aimed at producing parts directly from a 3D model. This paper provides a review of key technologies for metal additive manufacturing. It focuses on the effect of important process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting part. Several materials are considered including aerospace alloys such as titanium (TiAl6V4 “UNS R56400”), aluminum (AlSi10Mg “UNS A03600”), iron-and nickel-based alloys (stainless steel 316L “UNS S31603”, Inconel 718 “UNS N07718”, and Invar 36 FeNi36 “UNS K93600”).
Influence of Plastic Deformation Capacity on Failure Behaviour of Pipelines

Plastic deformation capacity parameters affect the deformability of steel in the plastic stage, and then affect the limit pressure of pipelines. This paper investigates the influence of plastic deformation capacity parameters on the limit bearing capacity of pipelines. These parameters include yield to tensile ratio (σy/σu), percentage uniform elongation (δ) and strain hardening exponent (n). Based on the Swift strain hardening model, the relational expression of the plastic deformation capacity parameters is theoretically deduced. 95 groups of material tensile test datum have been collected. Based on these test data, the variation tendency of the plastic deformation capacity parameters have been analyzed statistically, and the empirical formula of the key parameters have been fitted numerically. 20 groups of finite element examples are designed to analysis the influence of yield to tensile ratio and uniform elongation to limit pressure of pipeline. Results show that, with the improvement of strength grade of steel, the plastic deformability of steel decreases; the recommended of critical plastic deformation capacity indexes are: ① pipeline steel below X65, σy/σu<0.85 and δ≥10%; ② pipeline steel for X70-X80, σy/σu<0.93 and δ≥8%.
Fast path planning for robot manipulators by formation-posture decomposition

Fast path planning is achieved by a special representation of the robot and a two-phase path planning procedure. The representation consists of defining sets of body formations and arm postures whose number depends on complexity of the environment and the required resolution of path planning. In the off-line planning phase, the defined formations and postures are generated, and a 2D collision table is set up which specifies collision with obstacles of various defined body formations and arm postures. In the online planning phase, a graph search is carried out to find a sequence of adjacent formations and postures. Because the time consuming collision checking is done off-line, the online path finding is extremely fast. Path planning is essentially performed in the work space thus avoiding the costly mapping of obstacles into the C-space. The path planner has been implemented on a SUN workstation that controls a Puma 560 manipulator.
Evidence for phosphatase activity of p27SJ and its impact on the cell cycle

p27SJ, a novel protein isolated from St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum), belongs to an emerging family of DING proteins that are related to a prokaryotic phosphate‐binding protein superfamily. Here we demonstrate that p27SJ exhibits phosphatase activity and that its expression in cells decreases the level of phosphorylated Erk1/2, a key protein of several signaling pathways. Treatment of p27SJ‐expressing cells with phosphatase inhibitors including okadaic acid, maintained Erk1/2 in its phosphorylated form, suggesting that dephosphorylation of Erk1/2 is mediated by p27SJ. Further, expression of p27SJ affects Erk1/2 downstream regulatory targets such as STAT3 and CREB. Moreover, the level of expression of cyclin A that associates with active ERK1/2 and is regulated by CREB, was modestly reduced in p27SJ‐expressing cells. Accordingly, results from in vitro kinase assays revealed a noticeable decrease in the activity of cyclin A in cells expressing p27SJ. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated dysregulation at S and G2/M phases in cells expressing p27SJ, supporting the notion that a decline in cyclin A activity by p27SJ has a biological impact on cell growth. These observations provide evidence that p27SJ alters the state of Erk1/2 phosphorylation, and impacts several biological events associated with cell growth and function. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 400–407, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self-organized criticality in fragmenting.

The measured mass distributions of fragments from 26 fractured objects of gypsum, soap, stearic paraffin, and potato show evidence of obeying scaling laws; this suggests the possibility of self-organized criticality in fragmenting. The probability of finding a fragment scales inversely to a power of the mass; the power, or scaling exponent, was found to depend on the shape of the object rather than on the material. For objects of different shapes (balls, cubes, half cubes, plates, and bars) scaling was found for fragment sizes smaller than the smallest dimension of the object undergoing fragmentation.
Spiral tissue phase velocity mapping in a breath‐hold with non‐cartesian SENSE

Tissue phase velocity mapping (TPVM) is capable of reproducibly measuring regional myocardial velocities. However acquisition durations of navigator gated techniques are long and unpredictable while current breath‐hold techniques have low temporal resolution. This study presents a spiral TPVM technique which acquires high resolution data within a clinically acceptable breath‐hold duration.
‘Subarachnoid cyst’ after evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma: Case report of an unusual postoperative morbidity

Burr-hole drainage of chronic subdural hematomas are routine operative procedures done by neurosurgical residents. Common postoperative complications include acute epidural and/or subdural bleeding, tension pneumocephalus, intracranial hematomas and ischemic cerebral infarction. We report an interesting post-operative complication of a 'subarachnoid cyst' after burr-hole evacuation of a chronic subdural hematoma. The authors hypothesize that the 'cyst' is likely secondary to the splitting of the adjacent neomembrane within its arachnoid-brain interface by iatrogenic irrigation of the subdural space. Over time, this 'cyst' develops into an area of gliosis which eventually causes long-term scar epilepsy in the patient. As far as we are aware, this is the first complication of such a 'subarachnoid cyst' post burr-hole drainage reported in the literature.
An open-label, single-dose bioavailability study of the pharmacokinetics of CAT-354 after subcutaneous and intravenous administration in healthy males.

AIM To assess the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of CAT-354, an anti-IL-13 human monoclonal IgG4 antibody, following subcutaneous (s.c.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration. METHODS This was a single-dose, randomized, open-label, parallel-group bioavailability study. Healthy male subjects aged 20-54 years were randomly assigned to one of three dose groups (n= 10/group) to receive CAT-354: 150 mg i.v. ; 150 mg s.c. or 300 mg s.c. (two 150 mg injections). Serum pharmacokinetics, adverse events (AEs), vital signs, electrocardiograms and laboratory parameters were assessed. RESULTS CAT-354 showed bioavailability of 62% and 60% after 150 mg and 300 mg s.c. doses, respectively, and linear pharmacokinetics over the dose range tested. Peak serum concentrations in the s.c. groups occurred after 3-9 (median 5) days, with a mean elimination half-life of 19.2 +/- 3.1 days (150 mg) and 19.4 +/- 3.59 days (300 mg) after s.c. and 21.4 +/- 2.46 days after i.v. administration. Volume of distribution at steady state (V(ss)) was 4960 +/- 1440 ml kg(-1) after i.v. (slightly greater than plasma volume). Average apparent clearances (CL/F) were 292 +/- 82.3 and 307 +/- 109 ml day(-1) after 150 and 300 mg s.c. , respectively; systemic CL of 188 +/- 84.0 ml day(-1) after i.v. dosing was consistent with endogenous IgG and reticuloendothelial elimination. No severe or serious AEs occurred. Among 40 reported AEs, 25 were headache, sinus disorders/respiratory symptoms and changes in body temperature perception. CONCLUSIONS CAT-354 exhibited bioavailability of approximately 60% when given s.c. to healthy male subjects.
Chromium‐induced diffuse dermatitis with lymph node involvement resulting from Langerhans cell histiocytosis after metal‐on‐metal hip resurfacing

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a highly effective surgical treatment for severe joint involvement. However, due to the release of metal ions in the blood, the patients who undergo hip replacement with metal‐on‐metal (MOM) bearings may develop signs of allergic skin disease. We report a case of a 60‐year‐old man who had received MOM hip resurfacing 5 years earlier for osteoarthritis. He presented with a 3‐year history of diffuse dermatitis that did not respond to antihistamines and corticosteroids and also had elevated serum levels of chromium and cobalt. A patch test revealed chromium‐sulfate hypersensitivity. A skin biopsy showed nonspecific perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate associated with histiocytes. A biopsy of an inguinal lymph node demonstrated large aggregates of Langerhans cells, suggesting type IV delayed‐type hypersensitivity. The prosthesis was replaced using ceramic‐on‐ceramic bearings and the dermatitis resolved after 3 months. The lymph nodes decreased in volume and the serum chromium levels normalized within 24 months of revision surgery. The high levels of serum ions associated with the metal debris from MOM‐THAs may induce sensitization and type IV hypersensitivity reactions. Replacing the prosthesis using alternative coupling surfaces is the only approach that has the capacity to resolve these symptoms. Physicians who are not familiar with this issue may misdiagnose systemic symptoms and provide inadequate treatment.
Quantifying the internal deformation of the rodent spinal cord during acute spinal cord injury – the validation of a method

Visualization and analysis of the rodent spinal cord subject to experimental spinal cord injury (SCI) has almost completely been limited to naked-eye observations, and a single measure of gross spinal cord motion due to injury. This study introduces a novel method which utilizes MRI to quantify the deformation of the rodent spinal cord due to imposed, clinically-relevant injuries – specifically, cervical contusion and dislocation mechanisms. The image registration methods were developed using the Advanced Normalization Tools package, which incorporate rigid, affine and deformable registration steps. The proposed method is validated against a fiducial-based, ‘gold-standard’ measure of spinal cord tissue motion. The validation analysis yielded accuracy (and precision) values of 62 μm (49 μm), 73 μm (79 μm) and 112 μm (110 μm), for the medio-lateral, dorso-ventral and cranio-caudal directions, respectively. The internal morphological change of the spinal cord has never before been quantified, experimentally. This study demonstrates the capability of this method and its potential for future application to in vivo rodent models of SCI.