Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
InsightVideo: toward hierarchical video content organization for efficient browsing, summarization and retrieval

Hierarchical video browsing and feature-based video retrieval are two standard methods for accessing video content. Very little research, however, has addressed the benefits of integrating these two methods for more effective and efficient video content access. In this paper, we introduce InsightVideo, a video analysis and retrieval system, which joins video content hierarchy, hierarchical browsing and retrieval for efficient video access. We propose several video processing techniques to organize the content hierarchy of the video. We first apply a camera motion classification and key-frame extraction strategy that operates in the compressed domain to extract video features. Then, shot grouping, scene detection and pairwise scene clustering strategies are applied to construct the video content hierarchy. We introduce a video similarity evaluation scheme at different levels (key-frame, shot, group, scene, and video.) By integrating the video content hierarchy and the video similarity evaluation scheme, hierarchical video browsing and retrieval are seamlessly integrated for efficient content access. We construct a progressive video retrieval scheme to refine user queries through the interactions of browsing and retrieval. Experimental results and comparisons of camera motion classification, key-frame extraction, scene detection, and video retrieval are presented to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms and the performance of the system.
Layered Internet Video Adaptation (LIVA): Network-Assisted Bandwidth Sharing and Transient Loss Protection for Video Streaming

As video traffic increases in the Internet and competes for limited bandwidth resources, it is important to design bandwidth-sharing and loss-protection schemes that account for video characteristics, beyond the traditional paradigm of fair-rate allocation among data flows. Ideally, such a scheme should handle both persistent and transient congestion as video streaming applications demand low-latency transmissions and low packet-loss ratios. This paper presents a novel scheme, layered Internet video adaptation (LIVA), in which network nodes feed back virtual congestion levels to video senders to assist both media-aware bandwidth sharing and transient-loss protection. The video senders respond to such feedback by adapting the rates of encoded scalable bitstreams based on their respective video rate-distortion (R-D) characteristics. The same feedback is employed to calculate the amount of forward error correction (FEC) protection for combating transient losses. Simulation studies show that LIVA can minimize the total distortion of all participating video streams and hence maximize their overall quality. At steady state, video streams experience no queueing delays or packet losses. In the face of transient congestion, the network-assisted adaptive FEC promptly protects video packets from losses. Our Linux-based demonstration showcases how LIVA can be implemented in a simple manner in real systems. We also present a solution for LIVA streams to coexist with TCP flows based on explicit congestion notification signaling. Finally, our theoretical analysis guarantees system stability for an arbitrary number of streams with round-trip delays below a prescribed limit.
The BELLA study – the mental health module of KIGGS Wave 2

The BELLA study is the module on mental health and health-related quality of life within the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS). Baseline data collection took place together with KiGGS baseline data collection between 2003 and 2006. This article discusses the fourth follow-up of the BELLA study (BELLA Wave 4), which was surveyed between 2014 and 2017. The aims of the BELLA Wave 4 are to enable longitudinal analyses of health-related quality of life and mental health problems. Dynamic measurement instruments were used to enable a user-friendly and precise assessment of mental health among children, adolescents and young adults. The study’s participants were a sub-sample of around 3,500 KiGGS respondents aged 7 to 29 years. For the first time, in BELLA Wave 4 data were collected exclusively online. The BELLA study targeted both the parents of younger children (aged 7 to 13 years) and adolescents and young adults themselves (aged 11 years and above). Study instruments surveying mental health problems and the use of mental health care services were supplemented by a dynamic measurement tool in the form of a computer adaptive test (CAT) to record data on health-related quality of life.
Serum Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) Concentrations and Liver Function Biomarkers in a Population with Elevated PFOA Exposure

Background: Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) persist in the environment and are found in relatively high concentrations in animal livers. Studies in humans have reported inconsistent associations between PFOA and liver enzymes. Objectives: We examined the cross-sectional association between serum PFOA and PFOS concentrations with markers of liver function in adults. Methods: The C8 Health Project collected data on 69,030 persons; of these, a total of 47,092 adults were included in the present analysis. Linear regression models were fitted for natural log (ln)-transformed values of alanine transaminase (ALT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and direct bilirubin on PFOA, PFOS, and potential confounders. Logistic regression models were fitted comparing deciles of PFOA or PFOS in relation to high biomarker levels. A multilevel analysis comparing the evidence for association of PFOA with liver function at the individual level within water districts to that at the population level between water districts was also performed. Results: ln-PFOA and ln-PFOS were associated with ln-ALT in linear regression models [PFOA: coefficient, 0.022; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.018, 0.025; PFOS: coefficient, 0.020; 95% CI: 0.014, 0.026] and with raised ALT in logistic regression models [with a steady increase in the odds ratio (OR) estimates across deciles of PFOA and PFOS; PFOA: OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.13; PFOS: OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.18]. There was less consistent evidence of an association of PFOA and GGT or bilirubin. The relationship with bilirubin appears to rise at low levels of PFOA and to fall again at higher levels. Conclusions: These results show a positive association between PFOA and PFOS concentrations and serum ALT level, a marker of hepatocellular damage.
A Framework of Composable Access Control Definition, Enforcement and Assurance

This paper proposes an approach for secure software design and coding; and, it provides a formal underpinning for security assurance, i.e., a proof that the generated code correctly realizes security specifications. The base of the proposed approach is a set of security features by J. Pavlich-Mariscal et al (2007) that separate security concerns from the main design. To create specific access control models, designers can select the features they require, compose them, and represent them through security diagrams, i.e., extensions to UML to represent security concerns. These security specifications are then transitioned into aspect-oriented enforcement code. To provide security assurance, this paper formalizes the application behavior using labeled transition systems and structural operational semantics; and it uses simulation relations to demonstrate the correctness of the secure code.
Loss concealment using B-pictures motion information

In this paper, the motion parameters of the bidirectionally predicted pictures (B-pictures) of MPEG-1,2 are exploited for concealment of large portions of corrupted anchor pictures (and vice versa) that might arise due to channel errors or packet losses. To further enhance the quality of the concealed pictures, we propose two methods of constraining the motion vectors of the B-pictures that strengthen the tie between them and those of the anchor pictures in the same picture subgroup. In one method, the macroblock decisions on the last B-picture in each subgroup is constrained to be bidirectional if those of the other B-pictures are not, such that the derived motion vectors for the concealment of the anchor picture are always composed from the forward and backward motion vectors of the bidirectional motions. Second, the bidirectional motion vectors of the B-pictures in each subgroup is constrained such that the vectorial sum of their forward and backward motion vectors results in an accurate motion prediction of the anchor picture. The experimental results show that while the composed motion vectors improve the quality of concealment over the conventional methods by more than 3-4 dB, another 2 dB improvement can be achieved by constraining the generation of the bidirectional motion vectors.
Model-Free Bootstrap for Markov processes

Consider time series data X1, . , Xn that arise as a (partial) sample path of a stationary Markov process of order p ≥ 1. Under this general context, there are (at least) two resampling mechanisms available in the literature, namely: (a) bootstrap based on kernel estimates of the transition density of the Markov processes of Rajarshi (1990), and the Local Bootstrap for Markov processes of Paparoditis and Politis (2002). In this paper, we introduce a third option, the Model-Free Bootstrap for Markov Processes; this is a novel approach stemming from the Model-Free Prediction Principle of Politis (2013). The three approaches are compared as they apply to the problem of constructing confidence intervals for the conditional expectation function μy = E(Xt|Yt−1 = y) for some y ∈ R where we define Yt = (Xt, Xt−1, · · · , Xt−p+1).
Probabilistic model checking

The model-checking approach was originally formulated for verifying qualitative properties of systems, for example safety and liveness (see Chap. 2), and subsequently extended to also handle quantitative features, such as real time (see Chap. 29), continuous flows (see Chap. 30), as well as stochastic phenomena, where system evolution is governed by a given probability distribution. Probabilistic model checking aims to establish the correctness of probabilistic system models against quantitative probabilistic specifications, such as those capable of expressing, for example, the probability of an unsafe event occurring, expected time to termination, or expected power consumption in the start-up phase. In this chapter, we present the foundations of probabilistic model checking, focusing on finite-state Markov decision processes as models and quantitative properties expressed in probabilistic temporal logic. Markov decision processes can be thought of as a probabilistic variant of labelled transition systems in the following sense: transitions are labelled with actions, which can be chosen nondeterministically, and successor states for the chosen action are specified by means of discrete probabilistic distributions, thus specifying the probability of transiting to each successor state. To reason about expectations, we additionally annotate Markov decision processes with quantitative costs, which are incurred upon taking the selected action from a given state. Quantitative propChristel Baier Faculty of Computer Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany e-mail: baier@tcs.inf. tu-dresden.de Luca de Alfaro Baskin School of Enginering, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA e-mail: luca@soe.ucsc. edu Vojtěch Forejt Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom e-mail: Vojtech.Forejt@cs.ox. ac.uk Marta Kwiatkowska Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom e-mail: Marta.Kwiatkowska@cs.ox. ac.uk
Multi-Modal Fashion Product Retrieval

Finding a product in the fashion world can be a daunting task. Everyday, e-commerce sites are updating with thousands of images and their associated metadata (textual information), deepening the problem. In this paper, we leverage both the images and textual metadata and propose a joint multi-modal embedding that maps both the text and images into a common latent space. Distances in the latent space correspond to similarity between products, allowing us to effectively perform retrieval in this latent space. We compare against existing approaches and show significant improvements in retrieval tasks on a large-scale e-commerce dataset.
A Voxel Based Morphometry Study of Brain Gray Matter Volumes in Juvenile Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

INTRODUCTION Adult patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) have been shown to have gray matter (GM) volume differences from healthy controls in multiple regions - the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), medial frontal gyri (MFG), striatum, thalamus, and superior parietal lobule. However, there is paucity of data with regard to juvenile OCD. Hence, we examined GM volume differences between juvenile OCD patients and matched healthy controls using voxel based morphometry (VBM) with the above apriori regions of interest. METHOD Fifteen right handed juvenile patients with OCD and age- sex- handedness- matched healthy controls were recruited after administering the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-KID and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, and scanned using a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner. VBM methodology was followed. RESULTS In comparison with healthy controls, patients had significantly smaller GM volumes in left ACC. YBOCS total score (current) showed significant negative correlation with GM volumes in bilateral OFC, and left superior parietal lobule. CONCLUSION These findings while reiterating the important role of the orbito-fronto-striatal circuitry, also implicate in the parietal lobe - especially the superior parietal lobule as an important structure involved in the pathogenesis of OCD.
Real world influences on software architecture - interviews with industrial system experts

Industrial systems are examples of complex and often long-lived systems in which software is playing an increasingly important role. Their architectures play a crucial role in maintaining the properties of such systems during their entire life cycle. In this paper, we present the results of a case study based on a series of interviews and a workshop with key personnel from research and development groups of successful international companies in their Swedish locations. The main goal of the investigation was to find the significant factors which influence system and software architectures and to find similarities and differences between the architecture-determining decisions and the architectures of these systems. The role of the architect was an important subject of the investigation. Our findings result in recommendations relating to the design and evolution of system architectures and suggestions regarding areas in which future research would be beneficial.
Synchronization in ad hoc networks based on UTRA TDD

Within the FleetNet project an ad hoc radio network for intervehicle communications (IVC) and road telematics is being developed. For the air interface, the framework of the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access time division duplex (UTRA TDD) standard has been selected as the most promising candidate. The requirements and challenges for synchronization in an ad hoc network with rapidly changing topology and high velocities are discussed. Solutions for synchronization in ad hoc networks based on UTRA TDD are proposed and evaluated by means of link-level simulations. The results indicate promising performance with only minor changes to the UTRA TDD standard specifications.
Exploring Archaeological Parks by Playing Games on Mobile Devices

Explore! is an m-learning system that combining e-learning and mobile computing allows middle school students to interact with learning materials in different ways while playing a game in an archaeological park. Design is based on user-centred and participatory approaches. The evaluation of Explore! through systematic field studies has shown that it is able to transform the visit to archaeological parks into a more complete and culturally rich experience. Thanks to the generality of the software infrastructure, games to be played in different parks can be easily created; to this aim, an Authoring Tool to be used by history experts and/or teachers has been developed.
Introducing negative feedback with an integrator as the central element

Negative feedback is introduced using an integrator as the central element by making intuitive connections with the way we sense the difference between desired and actual values and continuously adjust the latter so that it reaches the desired value. In contrast to the traditional use of a memoryless high gain amplifier as the central element, this approach makes it clear right from the beginning that negative feedback circuits take time to respond (have a finite bandwidth), that some excess delay can be tolerated, while larger excess delays lead to ringing and eventually instability, and that negative feedback circuits can be stabilized by slowing them down. Time domain intuition and analysis lead to key conclusions regarding the stability margin of negative feedback circuits. This approach complements the conventional frequency domain approach by serving as an introduction that anticipates the results that are derived by the latter. The presented approach also lends itself better to synthesis of key negative feedback blocks such as opamps and the phase locked loop.
Associations between macronutrient intake and serum lipid profile depend on body fat in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between macronutrient intake and serum lipid profile in adolescents from eight European cities participating in the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) cross-sectional study (2006–7), and to assess the role of body fat-related variables in these associations. Weight, height, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol, TAG, apoB and apoA1 were measured in 454 adolescents (44 % boys) aged 12·5–17·5 years. Macronutrient intake (g/4180 kJ per d (1000 kcal per d)) was assessed using two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Associations were evaluated by multi-level analysis and adjusted for sex, age, maternal education, centre, sum of four skinfolds, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary behaviours and diet quality index for adolescents. Carbohydrate intake was inversely associated with HDL-C (β = − 0·189, P< 0·001). An inverse association was found between fat intake and TAG (β = − 0·319, P< 0·001). Associations between macronutrient intake and serum lipids varied according to adiposity levels, i.e. an inverse association between carbohydrate intake and HDL-C was only observed in those adolescents with a higher waist:height ratio. As serum lipids and excess body fat are the major markers of CVD, these findings should be considered when developing strategies to prevent the risk of CVD among adolescents.
Detection of RFI by its Amplitude Probability Distribution

A new type of microwave radiometer detector has been developed that is capable of identifying low level Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) and of reducing or eliminating its effect on the measured brightness temperature. The Agile Digital Detector (ADD) can discriminate between RFI and natural thermal emission signals by directly measuring higher order moments of the signal than the variance that is traditionally measured. After detection, the ADD then uses spectral and temporal filtering methods to selectively remove the RFI. ADD performance has been experimentally verified and its performance characterized while connected to an airborne C-Band radiometer (the NOAA/ETL PSR) installed on a NASA WB-57 flying over major urban centers. Index Terms—microwave radiometer, radio frequency interference
Standardization and Böhm trees for Λ μ-calculus

Λμ-calculus is an extension of Parigot's λμ-calculus which (i) satis es Separation theorem: it is Böhm-complete, (ii) corresponds to CBN delimited control and (iii) is provided with a stream interpretation. In the present paper, we study solvability and investigate Böhm trees for Λμ-calculus. Moreover, we make clear the connections between Λμcalculus and in nitary λ-calculi. After establishing a standardization theorem for Λμ-calculus, we characterize sovalbility in Λμ-calculus. Then, we study in nite Λμ-Böhm trees, which are Böhm-like trees for Λμ-calculus; this allows to strengthen the separation results that we established previously for Λμ-calculus and to shed a new light on the failure of separation in Parigot's original λμ-calculus. Our construction clari es Λμ-calculus both as an in nitary calculus and as a core language for dealing with streams as primitive objects.
Caractérisation de la subjectivité dans les décisions tactiques des joueurs d'élite 1 en rugby

Dans cette recherche a visee technologique, nous tentons de caracteriser la complexite dans les decisions tactiques du joueur de rugby en match, en mobilisant plusieurs paradigmes scientifiques. L'approche psychophenomenologique permet egalement de cerner le vecu subjectif, et notamment la structuration du champ d'attention. La methode utilisee nous permet d'investiguer les pensees, les verbalisations et les actions des joueurs d'Elite 1, a travers un dispositif de triangulation. Nous combinons ainsi des entretiens composites, avec une analyse video informatique des sequences de jeu. Nous soulignons les rapports differencies et subjectifs entretenus par le joueur avec les elements en partie partages par l'equipe, ainsi que le caractere subjectif, situe, singulier, distribue, et emergent de la decision tactique. Les donnees obtenues nous permettent de proposer des pistes pour l'intervention, qui concernent l'analyse de pratique individuelle et la co-construction du referentiel commun.
How well does brand personality predict brand choice

The research proposes a methodology allowing both the construction of a brand personality scale and the test of the ability of the scale to predict brand choice. A brand personality scale is developed and tested via exploratory and confirmatory analyses. A brand personality structure composed of 12 facets is uncovered and allows clearly differentiating brands belonging to the same market. Predictive power of the scale is then tested using binary regression models.
Epimedium koreanum Nakai Water Extract Exhibits Antiviral Activity against Porcine Epidermic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro and In Vivo

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea of pigs age-independently and death of young piglets, resulting in economic loss of porcine industry. We have screened 333 natural oriental herbal medicines to search for new antiviral candidates against PEDV. We found that two herbal extracts, KIOM 198 and KIOM 124, contain significant anti-PED viral effect. KIOM 198 and KIOM 124 were identified as Epimedium koreanum Nakai and Lonicera japonica Thunberg, respectively. The further plaque and CPE inhibition assay in vitro showed that KIOM 198 has much stronger antiviral activity than KIOM 124. Additionally, KIOM 198 exhibited a similar extent of antiviral effect against other subtypes of Corona virus such as sm98 and TGE viruses. Cytotoxicity results showed that KIOM 198 is nontoxic on the cells and suggest that it can be delivered safely for therapy. Furthermore, when we orally administered KIOM 198 to piglets and then infected them with PEDV, the piglets did not show any disease symptoms like diarrhea and biopsy results showed clean intestine, whereas control pigs without KIOM 198 treatment exhibited PED-related severe symptoms. These results imply that KIOM 198 contains strong antiviral activity and has a potential to be developed as an antiviral phytomedicine to treat PEDV-related diseases in pigs.