Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Word Sense Disambiguation for Ontology Learning Research-in-Progress

Ontology learning aims to automatically extract ontological concepts and relationships from related text repositories and is expected to be more efficient and scalable than manual ontology development. One of the challenging issues associated with ontology learning is word sense disambiguation (WSD). Most WSD research employs resources such as WordNet, text corpora, or a hybrid approach. Motivated by the large volume and richness of user-generated content in social media, this research explores the role of social media in ontology learning. Specifically, our approach exploits social media as a dynamic context rich data source for WSD. This paper presents a method and preliminary evidence for the efficacy of our proposed method for WSD. The research is in progress toward conducting a formal evaluation of the social media based method for WSD, and plans to incorporate the WSD routine into an ontology learning system in the future.
‘Fighting’ or ‘Conflict’? An Approach to Revealing Concepts of Terms in Political Discourse

Previous work on the epistemology of fact-checking indicated the dilemma between the needs of binary answers for the public and ambiguity of political discussion. Determining concepts represented by terms in political discourse can be considered as a Word-Sense Disambiguation (WSD) task. The analysis of political discourse, however, requires identifying precise concepts of terms from relatively small data. This work attempts to provide a basic framework for revealing concepts of terms in political discourse with explicit contextual information. The framework consists of three parts: 1) extracting important terms, 2) generating concordance for each term with stipulative definitions and explanations, and 3) agglomerating similar information of the term by hierarchical clustering. Utterances made by Prime Minister Abe Shinzo in the Diet of Japan are used to examine our framework. Importantly, we revealed the conceptual inconsistency of the term Sonritsu-kiki-jitai. The framework was proved to work, but only for a small number of terms due to lack of explicit contextual information.
Research on Behavior Trust Based on Bayesian Inference in Trusted Computing Networks

Recent years have seen explosive growth in information security problem. Trusted computing is increasingly used in the fields of information security. The basic idea of trusted computing is different from traditional security method. In other words, system abstracts normal behavior and compare with real-time behavior. Most of the current research focuses on static integrity metrics. However, it is not enough for dynamic measurement in trusted computing environment. In this paper, we present an efficient identification methodology of malicious insider user behavior. We focus on modeling insider user normal behavior in trusted computing networks. Our research methodology provides an approach to construct, assess, and optimize insider user normal behavior model. Our model framework derives from a dynamic Bayesian perspective. The experiment shows efficiency and robustness of our prototype model.
PRGmatic: an efficient pipeline for collating genome‐enriched second‐generation sequencing data using a ‘provisional‐reference genome’

Second‐generation sequencing is increasingly being used in combination with genome‐enrichment techniques to amplify a large number of loci in many individuals for the purpose of population genetic and phylogeographic analysis. Compiling all the necessary tools to analyse these data is complex and time‐consuming. Here, we assemble a set of programs and pipe them together with Perl, enabling research laboratories without a dedicated bioinformatician to utilize second‐generation sequencing. User input is a folder of the second‐generation sequencing reads sorted by individual (in FASTA format) and pipeline output is a folder of multi‐FASTA files that correspond to loci (with 2 alleles called per individual). Additional output includes a summary file of the number of individuals per locus, observed and expected heterozygosity for each locus, distribution of multiple hits and summary statistics (θ, Tajima’s D, etc.). This user‐friendly, open source pipeline, which requires no a priori reference genome because it constructs its own, allows the user to set various parameters (e.g. minimum coverage) in the dependent programs (CAP3, BWA, SAMtools and VarScan) and facilitates evaluation of the nature and quality of data collected prior to analysis in software packages.
Differentiation of Species Combined into the Burkholderia cepacia Complex and Related Taxa on the Basis of Their Fatty Acid Patterns

ABSTRACT Using the established commercial system Sherlock (MIDI, Inc.), cellular fatty acid methyl ester analysis for differentiation among Burkholderia cepacia complex species was proven. The identification key based on the diagnostic fatty acids is able to discern phenotypically related Ralstonia pickettii and Pandoraea spp. and further distinguish Burkholderia pyrrocinia, Burkholderia ambifaria, and Burkholderia vietnamiensis.
A survey of Hardware-based Control Flow Integrity (CFI)

CFI is a computer security technique that detects runtime attacks by monitoring a program's branching behavior. This work presents a detailed analysis of the security policies enforced by 21 recent hardware-based CFI architectures. The goal is to evaluate the security, limitations, hardware cost, performance, and practicality of using these policies. We show that many architectures are not suitable for widespread adoption, since they have practical issues, such as relying on accurate control flow model (which is difficult to obtain) or they implement policies which provide only limited security.
DILEMMAS OF PLATFORM STARTUPS

This paper explores the strategic problems of platform startups on the Internet: their identification and discovery of linkages between them form its contribution to the platform literature. The author argues that the chicken-and-egg problem cannot be solved solely with pricing in the online context – in fact, setting the price zero will result in a monetization dilemma, whereas drawing users from dominant platforms sets the startup vulnerable to their strategic behavior, a condition termed remora’s curse. To correctly approach strategic problems in the platform business, startup entrepreneurs should consider them holistically, carefully examining the linkages between strategic dilemmas and their solutions.
The Recognition of Subcellular Localization of Proteins Based on their N-Terminal Amino Acid Sequence

Functional annotation of unknown proteins is a major goal in proteomics. A key annotation is the prediction of a protein's subcellular localization. We used the method of Increment of Diversity with Quadratic Discriminant analysis (IDQD) to predict subcellular localization of proteins which are recognized by the four plant categories and three non-plant and obtained accuracies at 87.4(plusmn0.5)% and 91.2(plusmn0.2)%, respectively in 5-fold cross-validation test. Our result is better than other methods currently published.
Overexpression of Catalytic Subunit p110α of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Increases Glucose Transport Activity with Translocation of Glucose Transporters in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes*

To elucidate the mechanisms of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase involvement in insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity, the epitope-tagged p110α subunit of PI 3-kinase was overexpressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using an adenovirus-mediated gene transduction system. Overexpression of p110α was confirmed by immunoblot using anti-tagged epitope antibody. p110α overexpression induced a 2.5-fold increase in PI 3-kinase activity associated with its regulatory subunits in the basal state, an increase exceeding that of the maximally insulin-stimulated control cells, while PI 3-kinase activity associated with phosphotyrosyl protein was only modestly elevated. Overexpression of p110α induced an approximately 14-fold increase in the basal glucose transport rate, which was also greater than that observed in the stimulated control. No apparent difference was observed in the cellular expression level of either GLUT1 or GLUT4 proteins between control and p110α-overexpressing 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Subcellular fractionation revealed translocation of glucose transporters from intracellular to plasma membranes in basal p110α-overexpressing cells. The translocation of GLUT4 protein to the plasma membrane was further confirmed using a membrane sheet assay. These findings indicate that an increment in PI 3-kinase activity induced by overexpression of p110α of PI 3-kinase stimulates glucose transport activity with translocation of glucose transporters, i.e., mimics the effect of insulin.
Hepsin is highly over expressed in and a new candidate for a prognostic indicator in prostate cancer.

PURPOSE Other cDNA microarray studies have shown that hepsin is one of the highly over expressed genes in prostate cancer tissue compared with nonmalignant and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue. We quantitatively analyzed hepsin gene expression with real-time polymerase chain reaction and calculated its relationships with clinicopathological parameters in a large cohort of samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Matched prostate tissue samples from the cancerous and noncancerous parts of the same prostates were obtained from 90 patients with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy. Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed using LightCycler Fast Start DNA Master SYBR Green I on a LightCycler (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) system. The ratio of hepsin-to-beta-actin (a housekeeping gene) was used to normalize data. RESULTS Hepsin over expression in cancerous compared with noncancerous tissue was found in 81 of the 90 patient samples (90%, p <0.001). In 48 patients (53%) hepsin over expression was more than 10-fold in cancerous tissue. The ratio of cancerous-to-noncancerous hepsin expression was significantly higher in the 39 patients with grade 3 tumors compared with the 51 with grade 2 tumors (median 15.5 vs 9.6, p = 0.031). For the prognosis a cutoff at the 75th percentile provided a significant difference between patients at lower risk (pT2, G2 and Gleason score less than 7) and higher risk (pT3/4, G3 and Gleason score 7 or greater) for relapse. CONCLUSIONS This report of the quantitative analysis of hepsin expression, which is the first to our knowledge, shows strong and significant over expression in prostate cancer tissue. Hepsin expression may be a new prognostic marker that could be used for assessing prostate cancer aggressiveness.
Young Lives, School survey in Peru: design and Initial Findings

Esta investigacion presenta la metodologia y los hallazgos iniciales de la encuesta escolar de Ninos del Milenio / Young Lives en Peru, la cual estudia la inequidad en las oportunidades y resultados educativos de estudiantes de la cohorte menor del estudio (nacidos entre los anos 2001-2002). La informacion, recogida en 132 escuelas de 9 regiones del Peru, representa cuatro tipos de escuelas: urbana privada, urbana publica, rural publica (espanol como lengua principal) y rural publica bilingue (espanol y lengua nativa). La informacion recolectada se enfoca en la calidad de la escuela (elementos disponibles en la escuela como la infraestructura, los procesos educativos dentro del salon de clases, como las interacciones sociales y pedagogicas que constituyen el clima del aula), atencion y respuesta de la escuela a las necesidades y potencialidades de los alumnos (ensenanza en su lengua materna, apoyo a estudiantes con riesgo de abandonar la escuela), asi como logros y resultados socio-emocionales. Se empleo una amplia gama de instrumentos para recoger la informacion, incluyendo cuestionarios que fueron completados por alumnos, maestros y directores; cuestionarios sociolinguisticos para aquellos que residian en zonas bilingues; pruebas de matematica y comprension lectora; observacion directa del desempeno de los maestros de matematicas, asi como la evaluacion del conocimiento pedagogico de dichos profesores. Ademas del componente de la encuesta cuantitativa, la encuesta escolar en Peru tambien incluyo un subestudio cualitativo, enfocado en como los ninos indigenas experimentan la escuela en distintos contextos. En este caso, la informacion se recogio de una submuestra de alumnos, maestros y cuidadores, a traves de entrevistas, grupos focales y observaciones de escuela. A grandes rasgos, los resultados iniciales muestran que hay diferencias significativas en las experiencias de los estudiantes que asisten a diferentes tipos de escuela, lo que sugeriria que el sistema de educacion peruano podria estar reforzando las inequidades sociales. El subestudio cualitativo muestra resultados similares, tal es el caso de la experiencia escolar de ninos indigenas que no toman en cuenta su experiencia linguistica y cultural. Se espera que la informacion brindada en esta investigacion sea util para investigadores interesados en trabajar con la base de datos de la encuesta escolar de Ninos del Milenio.
Evidence-Based Practice in Liposuction

Background The goal of this study is to examine the existing peer reviewed literature comparing modern adjunctive techniques in liposuction including laser-assisted liposuction (LAL) and ultrasound-assisted liposuction (UAL) to standard suction-assisted liposuction (SAL). We intend to interpret these findings into a literature-based clinical application to influence practice patterns. Methods A literature review was conducted using a keyword search in PubMed. Keyword search items included liposuction, lipoplasty, suction assisted liposuction, ultrasound assisted liposuction, laser assisted liposuction, tumescent, liposuction comparison, liposuction review, and combinations therein. Exclusion criteria included articles with a primary focus on histologic effects of energy devices, primary animal models, primary opinion papers with no reference to available data, and industry-sponsored publications. Inclusion criteria included articles with direct comparison of liposuction modalities, randomized or blinded studies, and studies with objective outcomes. Results Twenty-five articles that met the inclusion criteria comparing SAL to UAL or LAL out of 9972 articles identified were obtained. The selected literature was assigned into 3 categories: evidence demonstrating an advantage of 1 modality (SAL, UAL, or LAL) over another, evidence that showed no benefit of 1 modality over another, and evidence that demonstrated risks of complications of 1 modality over another. Conclusions The benefits of UAL and LAL over SAL include the following: (1) UAL over SAL in the treatment of gynecomastia, (2) LAL and UAL over SAL with decreased hemoglobin/hematocrit in high-volume lipoaspirates, and (3) LAL over SAL with skin tightening in select areas specifically the submental area. Otherwise, the literature demonstrates equivocal results among the described techniques with no clear benefit to set one apart from the other. There appears to be no demonstrable added benefit to the addition of either UAL or LAL that would urge a change in practice patterns outside the exceptions listed.
Advancing a distributed multi-scale computing framework for large-scale high-throughput discovery in materials science

We describe the development of a large-scale high-throughput application for discovery in materials science. Our point of departure is a computational framework for distributed multi-scale computation. We augment the original framework with a specialized module whose role is to route evaluation requests needed by the high-throughput application to a collection of available computational resources. We evaluate the feasibility and performance of the resulting high-throughput computational framework by carrying out a high-throughput study of battery solvents. Our results indicate that distributed multi-scale computing, by virtue of its adaptive nature, is particularly well-suited for building high-throughput applications.
Electrophilic Lipid Mediator 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 Modifies Glucocorticoid Signaling via Receptor SUMOylation

ABSTRACT Cortisol, the central stress hormone in humans, activates the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Anti-inflammatory effects are the most important pharmaceutical effects mediated by the GR. Inasmuch as electrophilic cyclopentenone prostaglandin 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) has potent anti-inflammatory properties and activates the SUMOylation pathway, we have investigated the effect of 15d-PGJ2 on glucocorticoid signaling and receptor SUMOylation. To this end, we studied isogenic HEK293 cells expressing either wild-type GR or SUMOylation-defective GR. Interestingly, 15d-PGJ2 triggered SUMO-2 and -3 (SUMO-2/3) modification in the primary SUMOylation sites of the GR. Gene expression profiling and pathway analyses indicate that 15d-PGJ2 inhibits GR signaling in a genome-wide fashion that is significantly dependent on the GR SUMOylation sites. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the repressive effect of 15d-PGJ2 on GR target gene expression occurs in parallel with the inhibition of receptor binding to the target gene chromatin. Furthermore, depletion of UBC9, the sole SUMO E2 conjugase, from HEK293 cells confirmed the involvement of active SUMOylation in the regulatory process. Taken together, our data indicate that GR SUMOylation modulates the glucocorticoid signaling during acute cell stress. Our data also suggest that GR SUMOylation modulates cross talk of the glucocorticoid signaling with other transcription factors that are responsive to cell stress.
Influence of the lamina cribrosa on the rate of global and localized retinal nerve fiber layer thinning in open-angle glaucoma

Abstract The advent of optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging allows identification of the structural contribution of the lamina cribrosa (LC) to glaucoma progression. This study aimed to determine the role of various LC features, such as the LC depth (LCD), LC thickness (LCT), and focal LC defects, on the future rate of progressive retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in patients with glaucoma. One hundred eighteen patients with glaucoma who had undergone at least 4 OCT examinations were included. Features of LC, including the LCD, LCT, and presence of focal LC defects, from serial scan of the optic disc using the enhanced depth imaging of Spectralis OCT; were analyzed at baseline. Eyes were classified as those with or without progressive RNFL thinning using the guided progression analysis of Cirrus OCT. Factors associated with the rate of RNFL thinning (linear regression analysis against time for global average, inferior, and superior RNFL thicknesses, &mgr;m/year) were evaluated using a general linear model. Greater baseline LCD and thinner baseline LCT were significantly associated with the rate of superior RNFL thinning. Focal LC defects were significantly more frequent in eyes with progressive inferior RNFL thinning (93.8%) and the location of the focal LC defect was only related to the location of progression RNFL thinning in the inferior region (P < 0.001). A deeper and thinner LC was related to the rate of superior RNFL thinning, and the presence of focal LC defects was related to the rate of inferior RNFL thinning.
Memory for intentions in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: Time- and event-based prospective memory

Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is associated with neuropathological changes in medial-temporal and frontal-system structures. By definition, retrospective memory is mildly impaired in aMCI. We examined whether prospective memory (PM) is also impaired, in particular time-based PM, which requires considerable self-initiation and inhibition. We administered time- and event-based PM tasks to 42 healthy older adults, 45 individuals with aMCI, and 24 individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The healthy group performed better than the aMCI group, and the aMCI group performed better than the AD group on both PM tasks. Importantly, the aMCI group performed more poorly on the time- than event-based task, whereas the other groups performed comparably on both tasks. Findings suggest that PM, particularly time-based PM, is sensitive to the earliest cognitive changes associated with aMCI, possibly reflecting decreased self-initiation, attention switching, and/or inhibition on memory tasks because of early involvement of the frontal system. (JINS, 2007, 13, 365–369.)
Compact EBG for Multi-Band Applications

A novel electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure with a compact size and multi-band-gaps is proposed. The proposed EBG (denoted as DAU-EBG) is formed by etching dual U-shaped slots symmetrically with respect to one axis of the edge-located vias mushroom-type EBG (ELV-EBG). As the surface current paths of the DAU-EBG are prolonged by the etched U slots, the size of our proposed DAU-EBG is only 25.9% of the conventional mushroom-type EBG (CMT-EBG) and 37.3% of the ELV-EBG. Due to the asymmetry introduced by the dual U slots, different band-gap properties in X- and Y-directions are obtained. Three band-gaps and two band-gaps are achieved in X- and Y-directions, respectively. The working mechanism of the proposed EBG and some parameter study are also given. This DAU-EBG can find its use in future compact multi-band rejection applications.
The natural history of the overactive bladder and detrusor overactivity. A review of the evidence regarding the long-term outcome of the overactive bladder.

PURPOSE The overactive bladder is a widespread medical condition with significant impact on quality of life. We review the existing evidence about the prevalence, impact and long-term followup of the overactive bladder. We also summarize the new International Continence Society terminology associated with the overactive bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS A MEDLINE search of all available literature regarding the epidemiology and long-term followup or outcome of the overactive bladder was performed. All articles and relevant resources cited in those articles were reviewed. RESULTS The new International Continence Society terminology and definitions will allow greater consistency in future research. Two large, recently published surveys of the prevalence of overactive bladder give new insight into the widespread nature of the problem and its significant impact on quality of life. There is little good quality evidence currently available on the long-term outcome of overactive bladder. CONCLUSIONS There is little published evidence regarding the natural history of overactive bladder. While recent studies have improved understanding the prevalence of the condition, we still know little about long-term outcome. The few published studies suggest that it is a chronic condition that persists urodynamically and symptomatically.
Fuzzy-EKF Controller for Intelligent Wheelchair Navigation

Abstract The electric wheelchair gives more autonomy and facilitates movement for handicapped persons in the home or in a hospital. Among the problems faced by these persons are collision with obstacles, the doorway, the navigation in a hallway, and reaching the desired place. These problems are due to the difficult manipulation of an electric wheelchair, especially for persons with severe disabilities. Hence, we tried to add more functionality to the standard wheelchair in order to increase movement range, security, environment access, and comfort. In this context, we have developed an automatic control method for indoor navigation. The proposed control system is mounted on the electric wheelchair for the handicapped, developed in the research laboratory CEMLab (Control and Energy Management Laboratory-Tunisia). The proposed method is based on two fuzzy controllers that ensure target achievement and obstacle avoidance. Furthermore, an extended Kalman filter was used to provide precise measurements and more effective data fusion localization. In this paper, we present the simulation and experimental results of the wheelchair navigation system.