Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interoperability of Dialogue Corpora through ISO 24617-2-based Querying

This paper explores a way of achieving interoperability: developing a query format for accessing existing annotated corpora whose expressions make use of the annotation language defined by the standard. The interpretation of expressions in the query implements a mapping from ISO 24617-2 concepts to those of the annotation scheme used in the corpus. We discuss two possible ways to query existing annotated corpora using DiAML. One way is to transform corpora into DiAML compliant format, and subsequently query these data using XQuery or XPath. The second approach is to define a DiAML query that can be directly used to retrieve requested information from the annotated data. Both approaches are valid. The first one presents a standard way of querying XML data. The second approach is a DiAML-oriented querying of dialogue act annotated data, for which we designed an interface. The proposed approach is tested on two important types of existing dialogue corpora: spoken two-person dialogue corpora collected and annotated within the HCRC Map Task paradigm, and multiparty face-to-face dialogues of the AMI corpus. We present the results and evaluate them with respect to accuracy and completeness through statistical comparisons between retrieved and manually constructed reference annotations.
Power Consumption in Smartphones (Hardware Behaviourism)

Power consumption is a critical concern for battery driven mobile devices such as Smartphone, batteries are limited in size and therefore capacity. This implies that managing energy well is paramount in such devices. Significant work has been devoted to improving it through better software and Hardware. In this paper, we cover studies that measured power in the energy consuming entities of a Smartphones such as wireless air interfaces, display, CPU and others.
Risk chain prediction metrics for predicting fault proneness in Software Systems

The paper presents two atypical risk chain prediction metrics for barometer coupling and accord in software systems. Our aboriginal metric, Ideal Coupling between Object classes (ICBO), is based on the acclaimed CBO coupling metric, while the added metric, Ideal Lack of Cohesion on Methods (ILCOM5), is based on the LCOM5 accord metric. One advantage of the proposed risk chain prediction metrics is that they can be computed in a simpler way as compared to some of the structural metrics. We empirically advised ICBO and ILCOM5 for admiration fault proneness of classes in a ample accessible antecedent arrangement and compared these metrics with a host of absolute structural and risk chain prediction metrics for the aforementioned task.
Design of a wearable tactile display

Tactile displays are a viable way for people to interact with wearable computers. Human tactile perception is robust. A variety of shrinking tactile stimulator (tactor) technologies are available. Tactile displays are uniquely appropriate for wearable applications because of their close proximity to our 20 square feet of touch receptors: our skin. Tactile displays can solve issues of intrusive computers and multiple demands on user visual and audio attention. They are discreet and seamlessly integrate with most human activity. Tactile displays will neither conflict with nor replace audio and visual display but rather support information on these other displays and fill in the gaps where necessary. This paper presents our work in optimizing the design of a tactile display and discusses some of the issues and opportunities surrounding tactile displays for wearable computers. Additionally, we hope to inspire more work in this area.
Fast creation of short-living virtual machines using copy-on-write RAM-disks

We propose a method to rapidly launch new virtual machines (VM), starting from a prepared copy-on-write (COW) snapshot image. W e use RAM-disks instead of stored ones and apply the COW technique on them, also. A VM can extend its RAM-disk on non-volatile storage area when it grows over an established threshold, just to avoid overloading the RAM. Our solution is appropriate in situations like testing environments with short-living VMs, where the VM persistence is not a requirement, b u t one just needs to start very fast new running VMs in a known safe state. W e implemented our solution in QEMU/KVM. The performance tests showed an improvement in the total VM's creation and running time of about 15% over the basic HDD-based method.
Outage Probability of Opportunistic Relaying in Rayleigh Fading Channels With Multiple Interferers

In this letter, as multiple interferers have an effect on both the relays and the destination, the exact outage probabilities for the decode-and-forward (DF) opportunistic relaying are derived in three different cases: a) with selection combining (SC) deployed at the destination, b) with maximal ratio combining (MRC) deployed at the destination, and c) with hybrid selection and maximal ratio combining (HSMC) deployed at the destination. Simulation results validate our analysis, and show that in terms of outage probability, opportunistic relaying with HSMC is much better than that with SC or MRC.
A Novel Sidelobe Reduction Algorithm Based on Null Synthesis Method Under Mainlobe Perturbation Minimization Constraint for Co-Prime Sensor Array

The Co-Prime Sensor Array (CSA) is a sparse array geometry that has the drawback of generating grating lobes in passive beamforming. Grating lobe manifests itself as "leakage" in the spectral domain, distorting other weak spectral responses. To mitigate the effect of grating lobes, we propose a novel method based on null synthesis method under original mainlobe perturbation minimization constraint. In this paper, firstly, the angular location of the grating lobes in the CSA subarrays are analytically extracted. Then, using the proposed method, the grating lobes of the subarrays nulled by adaptive weighting of the CSA elements. The simulated results demonstrate that the side lobe levels (SLLs) and peak side lobe ratio (PSLR) in the power pattern obtained by the proposed method are better than the previous methods, so called product and min processors.
Brca1 Mutations Enhance Mouse Reproductive Functions by Increasing Responsiveness to Male-Derived Scent

We compared the gene expression profiles of ovarian granulosa cells harboring either mutant or wild type Brca1 to follow up on our earlier observation that absence of a functional Brca1 in these important regulators of menstrual/estrous cycle progression leads to prolongation of the pre-ovulatory phase of the estrous cycle and to increased basal levels of circulating estradiol. Here we show that ovarian granulosa cells from mice carrying a conditional Brca1 gene knockout express substantially higher levels of olfactory receptor mRNA than granulosa cells from wild type littermates. This led us to hypothesize that reproductive functions in mutant female mice might be more sensitive to male-derived scent than in wild type female mice. Indeed, it is well established that isolation from males leads to complete cessation of mouse estrous cycle activity while exposure to olfactory receptor ligands present in male urine leads to resumption of such activity. We found that Brca1 -/- female mice rendered anovulatory by unisexual isolation resumed ovulatory activity more rapidly than their wild type littermates when exposed to bedding from cages where males had been housed. The prime mediator of this increased responsiveness appears to be the ovary and not olfactory neurons. This conclusion is supported by the fact that wild type mice in which endogenous ovaries had been replaced by Brca1-deficient ovarian transplants responded to male-derived scent more robustly than mutant mice in which ovaries had been replaced by wild type ovarian transplants. Our findings not only have important implications for our understanding of the influence of olfactory signals on reproductive functions, but also provide insights into mechanisms whereby genetic risk factors for breast and extra uterine Müllerian carcinomas may influence menstrual activity in human, which is itself an independent risk factor for these cancers.
Treebank of Chinese Bible Translations

This paper reports on a treebanking project where eight different modern Chinese translations of the Bible are syntactically analyzed. The trees are created through dynamic treebanking which uses a parser to produce the trees. The trees have been going through manual checking, but corrections are made not by editing the tree files but by re-generating the trees with an updated grammar and dictionary. The accuracy of the treebank is high due to the fact that the grammar and dictionary are optimized for this specific domain. The tree structures essentially follow the guidelines of the Penn Chinese Treebank. The total number of characters covered by the treebank is 7,872,420 characters. The data has been used in Bible translation and Bible search. It should also prove useful in the computational study of the Chinese language in general.
The effects of religion and stereotype content on verdicts and sentence severity when defending terror charges

Little evidence exists to test if a defendant’s religion affects their verdict outcome or sentencing. The current study addresses this question and also tests the role of stereotype content as an explanatory variable. Participants (n=141) were presented with crimes which were either stereotypical of Muslims or not. Participants viewed details of a case resulting in either a terror or a theft charge, with a Muslim, Christian or Atheist suspect. Both being a Muslim and defending terror crimes led to more frequent guilty verdicts and more severe sentences. Muslims were perceived as more cold and competent. The colder and more competent suspects were perceived, the more likely they were to be found guilty and the more severe the sentence. Warm/cold evaluations mediated the effect of religion. These findings suggest that Muslim terror defendants may be affected by systematic bias in trials, and that this may be driven by the stereotypes content.
Lehrer*insein in der Migrationsgesellschaft. Professionalisierung in einem widersprüchlichen Feld

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich der monolinguale berufliche Habitus von Lehrkräften verändern lässt. Dazu werden zunächst allgemein schultheoretisch Bedingungen des Feldes Schule in Bezug auf Mehrsprachigkeit rekonstruiert und es wird gezeigt, dass sich für den Umgang mit Mehrsprachigkeit spezifische Antinomien ergeben. Am Beispiel einer Schule, in der eine ‚mehrsprachigkeitsfreundliche‘ Schulkultur herrscht, wird gezeigt, dass diese Antinomien, aber auch die jeweilige Schulkultur den beruflichen Habitus beeinflussen und die Öffnung für andere Sprachen begünstigen oder erschweren. Dies wird an Interviews mit zwei Lehrkräften, die in unterschiedlichen Verhältnissen zur Schulkultur stehen, rekonstruiert.
Development and implications of a revised Canadian Healthy Eating Index (HEIC-2009)

Abstract Objective The purpose was to update the Healthy Eating Index-C (HEI-C) with Canada’s new food guide recommendations (HEIC-2009) and compare scores and ratings among a small sample of grade 6 students. Design Updates to the HEI-C were completed with Canada’s new food guide recommendations for daily number of servings. HEI-C and HEIC-2009 scores were computed for a small sample (n 405) of grade 6 students utilizing nutrition data that were collected using the Food Behaviour Questionnaire, a validated web-based dietary assessment tool (including a 24 h dietary recall, FFQ, and food and physical activity behavioural questions). Setting Data were collected in fifteen schools in the Region of Waterloo District School Board, Ontario, Canada. Subjects A total of 405 students (48 % males and 52 % females) from grade 6 classrooms completed the web-based survey. Results The index scores revealed that participants scored higher (74·5 v. 69·6, P < 0·001) using the HEIC-2009 compared with the HEI-C, even though both index scores are rated in the ‘needs improvement’ category (HEIC-2009, 75 %; HEI-C, 71 %). A small group of participants (n 14), who were previously rated (using the HEI-C) in the ‘poor’ category, were rated in the ‘needs improvement’ category using the HEIC-2009 (χ2 = 589·647, df = 4, P < 0·001). Conclusions The HEIC-2009 has the potential to be used as a population-level diet quality index in Canada.
Inertial localization system using unscented Kalman filter for 3D positioning

This paper presents the implementation of an novel inertial localization system for 3D positioning including 3 main functions: unscented Kalman filter (UKF) based sensor data fusion for accurate orientation determination; magnetic disturbance detection and minimization for robustness and stability when experiencing local magnetic disturbance; Zero Velocity Update (ZUPT) for velocity correction. In both indoor and outdoor experiment scenarios, the system is able to obtain correct 3D trajectory.
Adolescent suicide in Ghana: A content analysis of media reports

Adolescent suicide is now a major health concern for many countries. However, there is paucity of systematic studies and lack of official statistics on adolescent suicide in Ghana. Mass media coverage of adolescent suicide (even though crude), at least, may reflect the reality of the phenomenon. With an ecological orientation, this study used qualitative content analysis to analyse the pattern of 44 media reports of adolescent suicide in Ghana from January 2001 through September 2014. Results showed that hanging was the dominant method used. The behaviour usually takes place within or near the adolescent's home environment. The act was often attributed to precursors within the microsystem (family and school) of the deceased. This study serves a seminal function for future empirical studies aimed at deeper examination of the phenomenon in order to inform prevention programmes.
Combined Input-Crosspoint Bufiered Packet Switch with Shared Crosspoint Bufiers 1

The amount of memory in bufiered crossbars in combined input-crosspoint bufiered switches is proportional to the number of crosspoints, or O(N 2 ), where N is the number of ports, and to the crosspoint bufier size, which is deflned by the dis- tance between the line cards and the bufiered cross- bar, to achieve 100% throughput under high-speed data ∞ows. A long distance between these two com- ponents can make a bufiered crossbar costly to imple- ment. In this paper, we propose a combined input- shared-crosspoint bufiered packet switch that uses small crosspoint bufiers to support long round-trip times, which consider the distance between the line card and the bufiered crossbar. The proposed switch reduces the required bufier memory of the bufiered crossbar by 50% or more, and uses no speedup.
Tracking single particles: a user-friendly quantitative evaluation

As our knowledge of biological processes advances, we are increasingly aware that cells actively position sub-cellular organelles and other constituents to control a wide range of biological processes. Many studies quantify the position and motion of, for example, fluorescently labeled proteins, protein aggregates, mRNA particles or virus particles. Both differential interference contrast (DIC) and fluorescence microscopy can visualize vesicles, nuclei or other small organelles moving inside cells. While such studies are increasingly important, there has been no complete analysis of the different tracking methods in use, especially from the practical point of view. Here we investigate these methods and clarify how well different algorithms work and also which factors play a role in assessing how accurately the position of an object can be determined. Specifically, we consider how ultimate performance is affected by magnification, by camera type (analog versus digital), by recording medium (VHS and SVHS tape versus direct tracking from camera), by image compression, by type of imaging used (fluorescence versus DIC images) and by a variety of sources of noise. We show that most methods are capable of nanometer scale accuracy under realistic conditions; tracking accuracy decreases with increasing noise. Surprisingly, accuracy is found to be insensitive to the numerical aperture, but, as expected, it scales with magnification, with higher magnification yielding improved accuracy (within limits of signal-to-noise). When noise is present at reasonable levels, the effect of image compression is in most cases small. Finally, we provide a free, robust implementation of a tracking algorithm that is easily downloaded and installed.
MINIMUM VARIATIONAL STOCHASTIC COMPLEXITY AND AVERAGE GENERALIZATION ERROR IN LATENT VARIABLE MODELS

Bayesian learning is often accomplished with approximation schemes because it requires intractable computation of the posterior distributions. In this paper, focusing on the approximation scheme, variational Bayes method, we investigate the relationship between the asymptotic behavior of variational stochastic complexity or free energy, which is the objective function to be minimized by variational Bayes, and the generalization ability of the variational Bayes approach. We show an inequality which implies a relationship between the minimum variational stochastic complexity and the generalization error of the approximate predictive distribution. This relationship is also examined by a numerical experiment.
Mixed-Order MUSIC Algorithm for Localization of Far-Field and Near-Field Sources

This letter presents a new mixed-order MUSIC algorithm for far-field and near-field sources localization using a sparse symmetric array. By exploiting the special array geometry, the proposed algorithm constructs a cumulant matrix to estimate the directions of arrival (DOAs) of both far-field and near-field sources using the conventional MUSIC method. With the estimated DOAs and the covariance matrix of the sparse array, the far-field and near-field sources are identified and the range parameters of near-field sources are also obtained by defining the range spectrum. Compared with the traditional algorithms, the proposed algorithm has moderate computation complexity, and provides higher resolution, and also improves the parameters estimation accuracy. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance improvement of the proposed method.
Reduced-state BCJR-type algorithms

We propose a technique to reduce the number of trellis states in BCJR-type algorithms, i.e., algorithms with a structure similar to that of the well-known algorithm by Bahl, Cocke, Jelinek and Raviv (1974). This work is inspired by reduced-state sequence detection (RSSD). The key idea is the construction, during one of the recursions, of a "survivor map", on a reduced-state trellis, to be used in the other recursion. Two examples of application of the proposed technique to iterative decoding structures are shown, namely coherent detection over intersymbol interference (ISI) channels and noncoherent detection based on an algorithm previously proposed by the authors.
Collective Biographies of Women: A Machine Learning Approach to Paragraph Annotation

The Collective Biographies of Women Project (CBW) seeks to annotate a large corpus of nineteenth and twentieth century British and American biographical texts about women. These annotations, applied at the paragraph level, draw from a controlled vocabulary known as BESS, Biographical Elements and Structure Schema. The BESS vocabulary terms are grouped into five major categories – Stage Of life, Persona, Event, Topos, Discourse. The corpus is drawn from 1,270 known books, comprising around 13,000 chapters of about 8,000 women. Because manual annotation is painstaking, time-consuming, and error-prone, there is a need to automate the annotation process for the entire corpus. Using the BESS vocabulary as labels and the currently annotated paragraphs as a training set, we developed a supervised machine learning classifier to aid in this process. Employing several methods, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest and Language models, we achieved an accuracy of ∼87%. In addition to aiding in the work of annotation, we have made recommendations about further developing the BESS vocabulary.
Analysis of mathematical reasoning ability of junior high school students of grade VII viewed from cognitive style on problem based learning with mind mapping

The method used in this research is a mixed method with the research design that is explanatory sequential design. The result of this research are (1) Mathematical reasoning ability of grade VII students after being given learning by using PBL with mind mapping reached minimal completeness criteria; (2) the description of students' mathematical reasoning ability with independent field cognitive style were capable to present mathematical statements, propose conjecture, do mathematical manipulation, give reason to solution, and draw conclusion; and (3) the description of students' mathematical reasoning ability with field-dependent cognitive style were capable to present mathematical statements, yet incapable to propose conjecture, FDK students were less able to manipulate mathematics, while FDL students were incapable to perform mathematical manipulation, provide reason for solution, and draw conclusions.
Spatial and temporal correlation in dynamic, multi-electron quantum systems

Cross sections for ionization with excitation and for double excitation in helium are evaluated in a full second Born calculation. These full second Born calculations are compared to calculations in the independent electron approximation, where spatial correlation between the electrons is removed. Comparison is also made to calculations in the independent time approximation, where time correlation between the electrons is removed. The two-electron transitions considered here are caused by interactions with incident protons and electrons with velocities ranging between 2 and 10 au. Good agreement is found between our full calculations and experiment, except for the lowest velocities, where higher Born terms are expected to be significant. Spatial electron correlation, arising from internal electron-electron interactions, and time correlation, arising from time ordering of the external interactions, can both give rise to observable effects. Our method may be used for photon impact.
CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides suppress the proliferation of A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells via toll-like receptor 9 signaling and upregulation of Runt-related transcription factor 3 expression

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of CpG-oligodeoxynucelotides (CpG-ODN) on the proliferation of the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line and the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 3 (Runx3) and investigate the association between the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) signaling pathway and Runx3 expression during A549 cell proliferation. Different concentrations of CpG-ODN were used in this study to stimulate A549 cells and the expression of Runx3 at the mRNA or protein level was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or western blot analysis. Moreover, Runx3 siRNA was synthesized and transiently transfected into the A549 cells and the MTT assay was used to detect the effects of CpG-ODN on transfected cell growth. Our data demonstrated that CpG-ODN significantly inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells. The expression of Runx3 in the mRNA and protein level was increased in A549 cells stimulated by CpG-ODN. The CpG-ODN-stimulated cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in Runx3 siRNA-transfected A549 cells. In conclusion, CpG-ODN may bind to TLR9, inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and upregulate the expression of Runx3.