Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elevated CAIX Expression is Associated with an Increased Risk of Distant Failure in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer

Tumor hypoxia is associated with adverse outcome in many malignancies. The goal of this study was to determine if elevated expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a biomarker of hypoxia, predicts for recurrence in early-stage cervical cancer. The charts of all patients with early-stage cervical cancer, primarily FIGO IB, treated by radical hysterectomy at our institution from 1988–2001 were reviewed. Adequate pathologic specimens from patients who recurred or who had at least three years follow-up and remained disease-free were stained for CAIX. An immunohistochemical score (IHC) was generated from the extent/intensity of staining. Outcome, as measured by freedom from recurrence (FFR), distant metastases (FFDM) and local recurrence (FFLR), was analyzed as a function of age, IHC, lymph node status (LN) and histology. Forty-two relapsing patients and 76 non-relapsing patients were evaluated. In univariate analysis, +LN, though not IHC or histology, was a significant predictor of any recurrence. Both +LN and higher IHC were associated with decreased FFDM but not FFLR. Patients with both +LN and elevated IHC more frequently exhibited distant metastases as first site of failure (5-year FFDM 50%) than patients with only +LN, elevated IHC or neither feature (70, 85 and 95%, respectively, p = 0.0004). In multivariable analysis, only +LN was significantly associated with poorer FFDM (hazard ratio 4.6, p = 0.0015) though there was a strong trend with elevated CAIX expression (p = 0.069). Elevated CAIX expression is associated with more frequent distant metastases in early-stage cervical cancer, suggesting that patients with this characteristic may benefit from more aggressive treatment.
Clinical practice and self-awareness as determinants of empathy in undergraduate education: A qualitative short survey at three medical schools in Germany

STUDY AIM Physician empathy constitutes an outcome-relevant aim of medical education. Yet, the factors promoting and inhibiting physician empathy have not yet been extensively researched, especially in Germany. In this study, we explored German medical students' views of the factors promoting and inhibiting their empathy and how their experiences were related to their curricula. METHODS A qualitative short survey was conducted at three medical schools: Bochum University, the University of Cologne and Witten/Herdecke University. Students were invited to complete an anonymous written questionnaire comprised of open-ended questions inquiring about the educational content of and situations during their medical education that positively or negatively impacted their empathy. Data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis according to the methods of Green and Thorogood. RESULTS A total of 115 students participated in the survey. Respondents reported that practice-based education involving patient contact and teaching with reference to clinical practice and the patient's perspective improved their empathy, while a lack of these inhibited it. Students' internal reactions to patients, such as liking or disliking a patient, prejudice and other attitudes, were also considered to influence their empathy. Although each of the three schools takes a different approach to teaching interpersonal skills, no relevant differences were found in their students' responses concerning the possible determinants of empathy. CONCLUSION Providing more training in practice and more contact with patients may be effective ways of promoting student empathy. Students need support in establishing therapeutic relationships with patients and in dealing with their own feelings and attitudes. Such support could be provided in the form of reflective practice training in order to promote self-awareness. More research is needed to evaluate these hypothetical conclusions.
Simplified RDB2RDF Mapping

The combination of the advantages of widely used relational databases and semantic technologies has attracted signicant research over the past decade. In particular, mapping languages for the conversion of databases to RDF knowledge bases have been developed and standardized in the form of R2RML. In this article, we rst review those mapping languages and then devise work towards a unied formal model for them. Based on this, we present the Sparqlication Mapping Language (SML), which provides an intuitive way to declare mappings based on SQL VIEWS and SPARQL construct queries. We show that SML has the same expressivity as R2RML by enumerating the language features and show the correspondences, and we outline how one syntax can be converted into the other. A conducted user study for this paper juxtaposing SML and R2RML provides evidence that SML is a more compact syntax which is easier to understand and read and thus lowers the barrier to oer SPARQL access to relational databases.
JOSE MEASURE BASED HIGH DIMENSIONAL DATA CLUSTERING FOR REAL WORLD CONDITIONS

The modern real world data has more number of dimensions with varying arguments. Different organization maintains customer or product information in different forms which is difficult to perform clustering. Each data point has different in size and properties, but has to be clustered in meaningful and efficient way to get some knowledge from that. Many strategies have been proposed for clustering high dimensional data but suffer with the problem of overlapping and retrieval efficiency. We propose a new measure called JOSE (Joint optimum similarity eccentric), which represents the distance between points in multiple forms of data. Jose measure, which shows the relationship between two data points at their junction points with eccentric data points. The Jose measure shows the closeness of particular data point with set of data points in a cluster. The proposed approach computes distance between data points with available attributes of data points with remaining data points from the cluster. The proposed approach has produced higher efficient clustering with negligible overlapping. We have used Enron data set for the evaluation of the proposed approach and the results shows that the proposed method has produced efficient result than others.
E ects of Gravity on the Structure of Postshock AccretionFlows in Magnetic

We have calculated the temperature and density structure of the hot postshock plasma in magnetically connned accretion ows, including the gravitational potential. This avoids the inconsistency of previous calculations which assume that the height of the shock is negligible. We assume a stratiied accretion column with 1-d ow along the symmetry axis. We nd that the calculations predict a lower shock temperature than previous calculations, with a atter temperature proole with height. We have revised previous determinations of the masses of the white dwarf primary stars and nd that for higher mass white dwarfs there is a general reduction in derived masses when the gravitational potential is included. This is because the spectrum from such ows is harder than that of previous prescriptions at intermediate energies.
Influence of Smoking Duration on Cadmium Deposition in Blood and Scalp Hair among University Students in Jordan

Dear Editor-in-ChiefI am writing to you about the effect of smoking duration on metals deposition in biological tissue, cadmium induces deleterious side effects in the human body such as renal dysfunction, vascular disorders and interstitial cell tumors in the testes in chronic metals exposure (1). Cigarette smoking is one of the major causes for the progressive increase in mortality rate worldwide. Smoking is an exogeneous source of metals contamination in human body; a single cigarette contains 1.0-4.5 µg Cd and at least one tenth of the metal content of a cigarette is inhaled (2). In this study, our main goal was to explore the influence of smoking duration on cadmium deposition in both tissues of blood (as acute exposure indicator) and hair (as chronic exposure indicator) among university students in Amman, Jordan. The study was conducted on a group of 99 volunteers, 53 males and 46 females aged between 17 and 25 yr.The study has been approved by the Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences at University of Petra. This study is conducted on the behalf of community awareness program against smoking habit and the students were voluntarily cooperated.The study population was divided into three subgroups according to their smoking habits and duration; non-smokers, smokers for more than 1 and less than 5 yr and smokers for more than 5 yr. sampling process took place at University of Petra; Amman, Jordan, two biological samples were obtained from each volunteer hair and blood. Sample preparation was carried out according to friel and Ngyuen, 1986 guidelines (3). Digested samples of hair and blood were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscope (PerkinElmer optima 2000) (Department of Health Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia). Cadmium concentration in scalp hair and blood is illustrated in Table 1. There was a significant correlation between levels of H-Cd and B-Cd (r =0.56 P Levels of both H-Cd and B-Cd were significantly higher levels in smokers than non-smokers group; there was an increase of 34% and 40% in levels of cadmium respectively. Cadmium concentrations were increasing in blood and hair with duration of smoking, this result demonstrate a significant statistical relation (r=0.289. P
Identity Feature Extraction Scheme of Curvelets for Speaker Recognition

This paper produces two types of the features of speaker recognition, mean of column elements (MC) and squared 2-norm of column elements (SNC). Both of them are derived from the curvelets representing the geometrical structure of squared modulus of Gabor representation of one-dimensional speech. The performance evaluation experiments have been conducted and the results indicate that with the score of 87.23%, the feature of mean of column elements bears a little better identification effect than that of squared 2-norm of column elements. The recognition accuracy of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) reaches 86.52% based on the same speech database
Mechanisms of RNAi: mRNA cleavage fragments may indicate stalled RISC

The molecular mechanism of RNA interference (RNAi) is under intense investigation. We previously demonstrated the existence of inactive siRNAs and also of mRNA cleavage in vivo in human cells. Here it is shown that some siRNAs with low activity leave mRNA cleavage fragments while an siRNA with higher activity does not. The pattern is consistent with both short-term (4-24 hours) and long-term (1-4 days) time-series. Analysis of the putative 3′ mRNA cleavage product showed high GC content immediately after the cleavage point. The cleavage fragments might indicate a stalled or slowed RNAi cleavage complex - possibly in the RISC enzyme restoration phase - and thus constitute a novel explanation for the existence of inactive siRNAs.
A New Trajectory Search Algorithm Based on Spatio-temporal Similarity on Spatial Network

In this paper, we define a new measure to compute spatio-temporal similarity between two trajectories of moving objects on road networks, which is known as spatio-temporal distance (STDist). In addition, we propose a new spatio-temporal similar trajectory search algorithm to retrieve similar trajectories based on the spatio-temporal distance, a combination of both spatial and temporal properties with respect to the motion of a given query trajectory. To support fast trajectories retrieval, we use a signature file method in which we generate signatures for segments of a trajectory. Our performance analysis shows that our algorithm outperforms the existing method in terms of searching similar trajectories of moving objects on road network.
Assistive systems for children with dyslexia and autism

Autism and dyslexia are both developmental disorders of neural origin. As we still do not understand the neural basis of these disorders fully, technology can take two approaches in helping those affected. The first is to compensate externally for a known difficulty and the other is to achieve the same function using a completely different means. To demonstrate the first option, we are developing a system to compensate for the auditory processing difficulties in case of dyslexia and to demonstrate the second option we propose a system for autism where we remove the need for traditional languages and instead use pictures for communication.
Steroid sulfatase is a potential modifier of cognition in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Deletions encompassing the X‐linked STS gene (encoding steroid sulfatase) have been observed in subjects with neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within STS (rs12861247 and rs17268988) have been reported to be associated with ADHD risk and inattentive symptoms in ADHD, respectively. Using a UK sample of ADHD subjects (aged 5–18 years), we tested the hypothesis that rs12861247 is associated with ADHD risk using a case–control approach (comparing 327 ADHD cases with 358 male controls from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium). Using a subset of males from the ADHD sample, we also examined whether variation within STS is associated with symptomatology/cognitive function in ADHD. We then tested whether SNPs associated with cognitive function in ADHD were also associated with cognitive function in healthy male subjects using a German sample (n = 143, aged 18–30 years), and whether STS was expressed in brain regions pertinent to ADHD pathology during development. We did not replicate the previously identified association with rs12861247. However, in ADHD males, variation at rs17268988 was associated with inattentive symptoms, while variation within STS was significantly associated with performance on three cognitive measures. Three SNPs associated with cognitive function in ADHD males were not associated with cognitive function in healthy males. STS was highly expressed in the developing cerebellar neuroepithelium, basal ganglia, thalamus, pituitary gland, hypothalamus and choroid plexus. These data suggest that genetic variants affecting STS expression and/or activity could influence the function of brain regions perturbed in ADHD.
Synthesis and Design of Wideband Dual-Band Bandpass Filters With Controllable In-Band Ripple Factor and Dual-Band Isolation

In this paper, an exact synthesis and design procedure has been proposed for a class of wideband dual-band bandpass filters (BPFs) with both controllable in-band ripple factor and isolation between the dual passband. Two multi-mode resonators (MMRs) with short-circuited stubs are parallel connected to form the basic structure of the proposed dual-band BPFs. Up to two pairs of transmission zeros (TZs) could be created with reference to the dual wide passbands. By choosing the impedances of the two paralleled MMRs, one pair of TZs could be moved from imaginary to real frequencies, whereas the second pair of TZs could be adjusted by folding one of the MMRs to form coupled lines. For these two prototypes, short-circuited stubs are utilized to excite the two paralleled MMRs, but not adequate to obtain a determined coupling degree. To provide an additional freedom for controlling the in-band ripple factor, a combination of short- and open-circuited stubs is used. A generic synthesis procedure is developed for the filter design. First, a generalized Chebyshev transfer functions with one TZ at the origin and symmetrical with respect to the origin has been discussed and frequency transferred to form a dual-band filtering function. Next, by equating of the dual-band circuit response and the filtering function, the circuit parameters could be obtained. Three filter prototypes have been designed and measured with good matching between these two sets of results.
Pricing Installment Options with an Application to Asx Installment Warrants

Installment options are Bermudan-style options where the holder periodically decides whether to exercise or not and then to keep the option alive or not (by paying the installment). We develop a dynamic programming procedure to price installment options. We derive the range of installments within which the installment option is not redundant with the European contract. Simulations analysis shows the method yields monotonically converging prices, and satisfactory trade-offs between accuracy and computational time. In addition, we examine the flexibility in installment option design that yields various hedging properties. Our approach is applied to installment warrants, which are actively traded on the Australian Stock Exchange. Numerical investigation shows the various capital dilution effects resulting from different installment warrant designs.
Binary sequence pair based time-domain superimposed training for OFDM

This paper introduces a class of perfect binary sequence pair (PBSP), which is characterized by the impulse-equivalent periodic autocorrelation function (PACF) and the length of N=2k. The proposed PBSP can be generated from a class of difference set pairs (DSP). Considering the desirable properties of the proposed sequence pair, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission with time-domain superimposed training is proposed. Simulation results show that our binary sequence pair is ideal for channel estimation in terms of complexity, accuracy and efficiency.
Improvements in multislice parallel imaging using radial CAIPIRINHA

Multislice parallel imaging involves the simultaneous sampling of multiple parallel slices which are subsequently separated using parallel imaging reconstruction. The CAIPIRINHA technique improves this reconstruction by manipulating the phase of the RF excitation pulses to shift the aliasing pattern such that there is less aliasing energy to be reconstructed. In this work, it is shown that combining the phase manipulation used in CAIPIRINHA with a non‐Cartesian (radial) sampling scheme further decreases the aliasing energy for the parallel imaging algorithm to reconstruct, thereby further increasing the degree to which a multi‐channel receiver array can be utilized for parallel imaging acceleration. In radial CAIPIRINHA, individual bands (slices) in a multislice excitation are modulated with view‐dependent phase, causing a destructive interference of entire slices. This destructive interference leads to a reduction in aliasing compared to the coherent shifts one observes when using this same technique with a Cartesian trajectory. Recovery of each individual slice is possible because the applied phase pattern is known, and a conjugate‐gradient reconstruction algorithm minimizes the contributions from other slices. Results are presented with a standard 12‐channel head coil with acceleration factors up to 14, where radial CAIPIRINHA produces an improved reconstruction when compared with Cartesian CAIPIRINHA. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Title Speech Enhancement based on Noise Eigenspace Projection

SUMMARY How to reduce noise with less speech distortion is a challenging issue for speech enhancement. We propose a novel approach for reducing noise with the cost of less speech distortion. A noise signal can generally be considered to consist of two components, a " white-like " component with a uniform energy distribution and a " color " component with a concentrated energy distribution in some frequency bands. An approach based on noise eigenspace projections is proposed to pack the color component into a subspace, named " noise subspace ". This subspace is then removed from the eigenspace to reduce the color component. For the white-like component, a conventional enhancement algorithm is adopted as a complementary processor. We tested our algorithm on a speech enhancement task using speech data from the Texas Instruments and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (TIMIT) dataset and noise data from NOISEX-92. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm efficiently reduces noise with little speech distortion. Objective and subjective evaluations confirmed that the proposed algorithm outperformed conventional enhancement algorithms.
Isolation and Characterization of Novel Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Capable of Anaerobic Degradation of p-Xylene

A novel strain of p-xylene-degrading sulfate reducer was isolated in pure culture. Strain PP31 was obtained from a p-xylene-degrading enrichment culture established from polluted marine sediment. Analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and two functional genes involved in sulfate respiration and anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds revealed that the isolate was closely related to members of the genus Desulfosarcina. Strain PP31 was capable of growing on p-xylene under sulfate-reducing conditions, and the ratio of generated sulfide and consumed p-xylene suggested complete oxidation by the novel isolate. The strain could not grow on benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene o-xylene, or n-hexane as an electron donor. Strain PP31 is the first isolated bacterium that degrades p-xylene anaerobically, and will be useful to understanding the mechanism of anaerobic degradation of p-xylene.
The Relevance of Quasi Rationality in Competitive Markets: Reply

Economists generally attribute considerable rationality to the agents in their models. The recent popularity of rational expectations models is more an example of a general tendency than a radical departure. Since rationality is simply assumed, there is little in the literature to suggest what would happen if some agents were not rational. This is surprising in light of the accumulating evidence that supports Herbert Simon's view that man should be considered at most boundedly rational. In fact, Kenneth Arrow concludes his recent review of this evidence as follows: "I hope to have made a case for the proposition that an important class of intertemporal markets shows systematic deviations from individual rational behavior and that these deviations are consistent with evidence from very different sources. (1982, p. 8). In this paper we start to explore the implications of irrationality for economics. We begin by defining what we mean by rational, and what departures from rationality we think are most likely. We then consider what happens if rational and less than fully rational agents (whom we call quasi rational) interact in competitive markets. We show that the knee-jerk reaction of some economists that competition will render irrationality irrelevant is apt only in very special cases, probably rarely observed in the real world. Our analysis highlights the important roles played by arbitrageurs and entrepreneurs. We find that, perhaps counter to intuition, more competition can actually make things worse by leaving no possibility of a profit to an entrepreneur who offers education or information.