Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
REVEL: A randomized, double-blind, phase III study of docetaxel (DOC) and ramucirumab (RAM; IMC-1121B) versus DOC and placebo (PL) in the second-line treatment of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following disease progression after one prior platinum-based therapy.

LBA8006^ Background: RAM is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular domain of VEGFR-2. The REVEL study evaluated the efficacy and safety of RAM+DOC vs. PL+DOC (DOC) in patients (pts) with stage IV nonsquamous (NSQ) and squamous (SQ) NSCLC after platinum-based therapy. METHODS Pts with NSQ and SQ stage IV NSCLC were randomized 1:1 (stratified by sex, region, ECOG PS, and prior maintenance therapy) to receive DOC 75 mg/m2 in combination with either RAM 10 mg/kg or PL on day 1 of a 21-day cycle until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or death. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary efficacy endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS Between Dec 2010 and Feb 2013, 1,253 pts (26.2% SQ) were randomized (RAM+DOC: 628; DOC: 625). Pt characteristics were balanced between arms. ORR was 22.9% for RAM+DOC and 13.6% for DOC (P<0.001). The hazard ratio (HR) for PFS was 0.762 (P<0.0001); median PFS was 4.5 months (m) for RAM+DOC vs. 3.0m for DOC. REVEL met its primary endpoint; the OS HR was 0.857 (95% CI 0.751, 0.98; P=0.0235); median OS was 10.5m for RAM+DOC vs. 9.1m for DOC. OS was longer for RAM+DOC in most pt subgroups, including SQ and NSQ histology. Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) occurring in >5% of pts on RAM+DOC were neutropenia (34.9% vs. 28.0%), febrile neutropenia (15.9% vs. 10.0%), fatigue (11.3% vs. 8.1%), leukopenia (8.5% vs. 7.6%), hypertension (5.4% vs. 1.9%), and pneumonia (5.1% vs. 5.8%). Grade 5 AEs were comparable between arms (5.4% vs. 5.8%), as was pulmonary hemorrhage (any grade; all pts: 2.1% vs. 1.6%; SQ pts: 3.8% vs. 2.4%). CONCLUSIONS REVEL demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in ORR, PFS, and OS for RAM+DOC vs DOC in NSCLC pts with stage IV NSCLC as second-line treatment after platinum-based therapy. Benefits were similar in NSQ and SQ pts, and no unexpected AEs were identified. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION NCT01168973.
Optimization techniques for adaptive quantization of image and video under delay constraints

Optimization techniques for adaptive quantization of image and video under delay constraints Antonio Ortega Traditionally, rate-distortion (R-D) theory has been concerned with providing bounds on the optimal performance for various classes of coding algorithms and sources. In this thesis we depart from that approach in two ways. First, our objective are operational R-D results, i.e. we study algorithms that can nd the optimal solution for a given coder con guration and known inputs, without relying on modeling either the encoder or the source. Second, we seek to explore explicitly other parameters that determine the achievable R-D performance, namely, the encoding delay and complexity, and the memory at the encoder. We compute the optimal solution even if it requires too much complexity, memory or delay to be considered in a practical setting. Optimal schemes serve as a benchmark and can also be the basis for heuristic methods which provide slightly suboptimal but more e cient performance. More speci cally we study the following topics: (i) Optimal bu er constrained quantization. We nd optimal solutions for the bu er control problem in a deterministic framework by assuming a long encoding delay. Our solution, based on dynamic programming, also leads us to short delay, lower complexity heuristics. (ii) Rate control and policing constraints for video transmission over ATM networks. We study the problem of optimizing the source quality as in (i), while taking into account network considerations. (iii) Optimization of dependent quantization environments. Optimal bit allocation results are presented for dependent quantization schemes (e.g. DPCM, predictive motion compensated video coding, MPEG). (iv) Rate-delay trade-o s in a multiresolution image database system. We study how the bit allocation in a multiresolution coding system can be chosen so as to minimize the end-to-end query delay in browsing through a set of images. (v) Adaptive quantization without side information. We propose a backward adaptive quantization algorithm where the input distribution is \learned" from past quantized samples. This allows adaptation to sources with unknown or time-varying input distribution. List of Abbreviations ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode B Bidirectionally interpolated mode (in MPEG) CBR Constant Bit Rate DCT Discrete Cosine Transform DP Dynamic Programming DPCM Di erential Pulse Coded Modulation GAP Generalized Assignment Problem HDTV High De nition Television HVS Human Visual System I Intraframe mode (in MPEG) JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group KLT Karhunen Lo eve Transform LB Leaky Bucket MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group MR Multiresolution MSE Mean Squared Error P Prediction mode (in MPEG) PSNR Peak Signal to Noise Ratio R-D Rate{Distortion SBC Subband Coding SMG Statistical Multiplexing Gain
Under consideration for publication in Formal Aspects of Computing Refinement and Retrenchment for Programming Language Data Types

Refinement is a well-established and accepted technique for the systematic development of correct software systems. However, for the step from already refined specification to implementation, a correct refinement is often not possible because the data types used in the specification resp. the implementation language differ. In this paper, we discuss this problem and its consequences, using the integer data types of Java as an example, which do not correctly refine the mathematical integers Z. We present a solution, which can be seen as a generalisation of refinement and a variant of retrenchment. It has successfully been implemented as part of the KeY software verification system.
High Abundance Proteins Depletion vs Low Abundance Proteins Enrichment: Comparison of Methods to Reduce the Plasma Proteome Complexity

Background To date, the complexity of the plasma proteome exceeds the analytical capacity of conventional approaches to isolate lower abundance proteins that may prove to be informative biomarkers. Only complex multistep separation strategies have been able to detect a substantial number of low abundance proteins (<100 ng/ml). The first step of these protocols is generally the depletion of high abundance proteins by the use of immunoaffinity columns or, alternatively, the enrichment of by the use of solid phase hexapeptides ligand libraries. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we present a direct comparison of these two approaches. Following either approach, the plasma sample was further fractionated by SCX chromatography and analyzed by RP-LC-MS/MS with a Q-TOF mass spectrometer. The depletion of the 20 most abundant plasma proteins allowed the identification of about 25% more proteins than those detectable following low abundance proteins enrichment. The two datasets are partially overlapping and the identified proteins belong to the same order of magnitude in terms of plasma concentration. Conclusions/Significance Our results show that the two approaches give complementary results. However, the enrichment of low abundance proteins has the great advantage of obtaining much larger amount of material that can be used for further fractionations and analyses and emerges also as a cheaper and technically simpler approach. Collectively, these data indicate that the enrichment approach seems more suitable as the first stage of a complex multi-step fractionation protocol.
Grammar or Serial Order?: Discrete Combinatorial Brain Mechanisms Reflected by the Syntactic Mismatch Negativity

If word strings violate grammatical rules, they elicit neurophysiological brain responses commonly attributed to a specifically human language processor or grammar module. However, an ungrammatical string of words is always also a very rare sequence of events and it is, therefore, not always evident whether specifically linguistic processes are at work when neurophysiological grammar indexes are being reported. We here investigate the magnetic mismatch negativity (MNN) to ungrammatical word strings, to very rare grammatical strings, and to common grammatical phrases. In this design, serial order mechanism mapping the sequential probability of words should neurophysiologically dissociate frequent grammatical phrases from both ungrammatical and rare grammatical strings. However, if syntax as a discrete combinatorial system is reflected, the prediction is that the rare, correctly combined items group with the highly frequent grammatical strings and stand out against ungrammatical strings. Using magnetoencephalography as a measure of human brain activity, we replicated the previously reported syntactic mismatch negativity (sMMN), which distinguishes highly unfamiliar ungrammatical word sequences from common grammatical strings. Crucially, a significant interaction demonstrated that the sMMN specifically distinguished syntactic violations from common grammatical strings, but not uncommon from common grammatical word strings. This significant interaction argues in favor of a genuinely grammatical origin of the sMMN and provides direct neurophysiological evidence for a discrete combinatorial system for word and morpheme sequences in the human brain. The data are more difficult to explain in the context of serial order models that map co-occurrence probabilities of words.
Fibrocytes from burn patients regulate the activities of fibroblasts

Wound healing requires an elaborate interplay between numerous cell types that orchestrate a series of regulated and overlapping events. Fibrocytes are a unique leukocyte subpopulation implicated in this process. One role proposed for these cells in wound healing is to synthesize extracellular matrix. Interestingly, using mass spectrometry to quantify hydroxyproline, we discovered that the capacity of fibrocytes from normal subjects or from burn patients to produce collagen is much less than that of dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, we investigated whether fibrocytes could play an indirect, regulatory, role in the healing of burn wounds by affecting the functions of dermal fibroblasts. Dermal fibroblasts treated with medium conditioned by burn patient fibrocytes, but not by those derived from normal subjects, showed an increase in cell proliferation and migration. Using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting, we found the level of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) expression to be increased in these treated dermal fibroblasts, which also showed an enhanced ability to contract collagen lattices. To determine whether these effects could be attributed to transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β1) or to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), we measured total TGF‐β1 levels in the conditioned medium by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbtion assay and assessed levels of CTGF mRNA and protein in fibroblasts and fibrocytes by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The results showed significantly higher levels of TGF‐β1 and CTGF produced by burn patient fibrocytes. In addition, the application of a TGF‐β1 neutralizing antibody significantly reduced the effect of burn patient fibrocyte medium on dermal fibroblast proliferation, migration, and collagen lattice contraction. Our results suggest that in healing burn wounds, fibrocytes could regulate the activities of local fibroblasts.
A single-force model for the 1975 Kalapana, Hawaii, Earthquake

A single force mechanism is investigated as the source of long-period seismic radiation from the 1975 Kalapana, Hawaii, earthquake (M_S = 7.1). The observed Love wave radiation pattern determined from the spectra of World-Wide Standard Seismograph Network and High Gain Long Period records at 100 s is two-lobed with azimuth, consistent with a near-horizontal single force acting opposite (strike ∼330°) to the observed displacement direction of the earthquake; this pattern is inconsistent with the expected double-couple pattern. Assuming a form of the force time history of a one-cycle sinusoid, the total duration of the event estimated from Rayleigh waves at two International Deployment of Accelerometers stations is approximately 180 s. The peak amplitude f_o of the time function is 1 × 10^(15) N from amplitudes of Love and Rayleigh waves. The interpretation is that the bulk of the seismic radiation was produced by large-scale slumping of a large area of the south flank of Kilauea volcano. The single force is a crude representation of the effect on the earth of the motion of a partially decoupled large slide mass. Using the mass estimated from the tsunami generation area (∼ 10^(15)–10^(16) kg), the peak acceleration of the slide block (0.1–1 m s^(−2)) inferred from the seismic force is comparable with the acceleration due to gravity on a gently inclined plane. The slump model for the Kalapana earthquake is also more qualitatively consistent with the large horizontal deformation (8 m on land) and tsunami associated with the earthquake, which are difficult to explain with the conventional double-couple source model. The single-force source has been used previously to model the long-period seismic waves from the landslide accompanying the eruption of Mount St. Helens volcano, and may explain other anomalous seismic events as being due to massive slumping of sediments or unconsolidated material and not to elastic dislocation.
Exploitation de contraintes photométriques et géométriques en vision. Application au suivi, au calibrage et à la reconstruction

Cette these s'interesse a trois problemes fondamentaux de la vision par ordinateur qui sont le suivi video, le calibrage et la reconstruction 3D. Les approches proposees sont strictement basees sur des contraintes photometriques et geometriques presentent dans des images 2D. Le suivi de mouvement se fait generalement dans un flux video et consiste a suivre un objet d'interet identifie par l'usager. Nous reprenons une des methodes les plus robustes a cet effet et l'ameliorons de sorte a prendre en charge, en plus de ses translations, les rotations qu'effectue l'objet d'interet. Par la suite nous nous attelons au calibrage de cameras; un autre probleme fondamental en vision. Il s'agit la, d'estimer des parametres intrinseques qui decrivent la projection d'entites 3D dans une image plane. Plus precisement, nous proposons des algorithmes de calibrage plan pour les cameras lineaires (pushbroom) et les video projecteurs lesquels etaient, jusque la, calibres de fa¸con laborieuse. Le troisieme volet de cette these sera consacre a la reconstruction 3D par ombres projetee. A moins de connaissance a priori sur le contenu de la scene, cette technique est intrinsequement ambigue. Nous proposons une methode pour reduire cette ambiguite en exploitant le fait que les spots de lumieres sont souvent visibles dans la camera.
Hexakis(dimethylformamide-κO)manganese(II) μ-oxido-bis[trichloridoferrate(III)]

The title compound, [Mn(C3H7NO)6][Fe2Cl6O], was obtained unintentionally as a product of an attempted synthesis of heterometallic complexes with Schiff base ligands using manganese powder and FeCl3·6H2O as starting materials. In the [Fe2OCl6]2− anion, the O atom and the Fe atom occupy positions with site symmetry and 3, respectively, resulting in a linear Fe—O—Fe angle and a staggered conformation. The octahedrally surrounded cation (site symmetry ) and the [Fe2Cl6O]2− anion are alternately stacked along [001].
Efficient mining of both positive and negative association rules

This paper presents an efficient method for mining both positive and negative association rules in databases. The method extends traditional associations to include association rules of forms <i>A</i> ⇒ ¬ <i>B</i>, ¬ <i>A</i> ⇒ <i>B</i>, and ¬ <i>A</i> ⇒ ¬ <i>B</i>, which indicate negative associations between itemsets. With a pruning strategy and an interestingness measure, our method scales to large databases. The method has been evaluated using both synthetic and real-world databases, and our experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness and efficiency.
A General Approach to Network Configuration Analysis

We present an approach to detect network configuration errors, which combines the benefits of two prior approaches. Like prior techniques that analyze configuration files, our approach can find errors proactively, before the configuration is applied, and answer "what if" questions. Like prior techniques that analyze data-plane snapshots, our approach can check a broad range of forwarding properties and produce actual packets that violate checked properties. We accomplish this combination by faithfully deriving and then analyzing the data plane that would emerge from the configuration. Our derivation of the data plane is fully declarative, employing a set of logical relations that represent the control plane, the data plane, and their relationship. Operators can query these relations to understand identified errors and their provenance. We use our approach to analyze two large university networks with qualitatively different routing designs and find many misconfigurations in each. Operators have confirmed the majority of these as errors and have fixed their configurations accordingly.
How Controlled English can Improve Semantic Wikis

The motivation of semantic wikis is to make acquisition, maintenance, and mining of formal knowledge simpler, faster, and more flexible. However, most existing semantic wikis have a very technical interface and are restricted to a relatively low level of expressivity. In this paper, we explain how AceWiki uses controlled English - concretely Attempto Controlled English (ACE) - to provide a natural and intuitive interface while supporting a high degree of expressivity. We introduce recent improvements of the AceWiki system and user studies that indicate that AceWiki is usable and useful.
Paradox of Strength and Ductility in Metals Processed Bysevere Plastic Deformation

It is well known that plastic deformation induced by conventional forming methodssuch as rolling, drawing or extrusion can significantly increase the strength of metalsHowever, this increase is usually accompanied by a loss of ductility. For example, Fig.1 shows that with increasing plastic deformation, the yield strength of Cu and Almonotonically increases while their elongation to failure (ductility) decreases. Thesame trend is also true for other metals and alloys. Here we report an extraordinarycombination of high strength and high ductility produced in metals subject to severeplastic deformation (SPD). We believe that this unusual mechanical behavior is causedby the unique nanostructures generated by SPD processing. The combination ofultrafine grain size and high-density dislocations appears to enable deformation by newmechanisms. This work demonstrates the possibility of tailoring the microstructures ofmetals and alloys by SPD to obtain both high strength and high ductility. Materialswith such desirable mechanical properties are very attractive for advanced structuralapplications.
Emerging Therapy Approaches

Children and youth with cerebral palsy receive ongoing physical and occupational therapy services to improve their functional performance and participation in activities at home, school, and in the community. Over the past 2 decades, rehabilitation interventions have become more functional and goal oriented. In this article, we discuss factors that have influenced emerging intervention approaches. These factors include greater involvement of families in decision making, changing conceptual frameworks and theories underlying skill development and improved outcome measures. New research findings indicate that rehabilitation interventions embracing family-centered services and focusing on functional improvement can be more effective in promoting participation. This knowledge can serve as the platform for further examination of the most effective rehabilitation interventions for children and youth with cerebral palsy.
Multivariable Static Output Feedback Control of a Binary Distillation Column using Linear Matrix Inequalities and Genetic Algorithm

The current work addresses the control of two-input two-output (TITO) Wood and Berry 1 model of a binary distillation column. The controller design problem is formulated in terms of 2 multivariable H∞ control synthesis. The controller structure takes the form of simplest static output 3 feedback (SOF) control. The controller synthesis is performed using a hybrid approach of blending 4 linear matrix inequalities (LMI) and genetic algorithm (GA). The performance of the static output 5 feedback controller is compared with three other controllers designed for Wood and Berry model 6 available in the literature. The first simulation study is performed for the case of tracking a unit 7 step command in the presence of a step change in output disturbance. A second simulation study is 8 performed for rejecting a change in sinusoidal output disturbance. 9
Sonority Measurement Using System, Source, and Suprasegmental Information

Sonorant sounds are characterized by regions with a prominent formant structure, high energy, and high degree of periodicity. In this work, the vocal-tract system, excitation source, and suprasegmental features derived from the speech signal are analyzed to measure the sonority information present in each of them. Vocal-tract system information is extracted from the Hilbert envelope of the numerator of the group-delay function. It is derived from a zero-time-windowed speech signal that provides a better resolution of the formants. A 5-D feature set is computed from the estimated formants to measure the prominence of the spectral peaks. A feature representing strength of excitation is derived from the Hilbert envelope of linear prediction residual, which represents the source information. Correlation of speech over ten consecutive pitch periods is used as the suprasegmental feature representing periodicity information. The combination of evidence from the three different aspects of speech provides a better discrimination among different sonorant classes, compared to the baseline mel frequency cepstral coefficient features. The usefulness of the proposed sonority feature is demonstrated in the tasks of phoneme recognition and sonorant classification.