Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Models of Energy Commodity Prices and Their Applications : Mean-reversion with Jumps and Spikes

I propose several mean-reversion jump-di usion models to describe spot prices of energy commodities that may be very costly to store. I incorporate multiple jumps, regime-switching and stochastic volatility into these models in order to capture the salient features of energy commodity prices due to physical characteristics of energy commodities. Prices of various energy commodity derivatives are derived under each model using the Fourier transform methods. In the context of deregulated electric power industry, I construct a real options approach to value physical assets such as generation and transmission facilities. The implications of modeling assumptions to the valuation of real assets are also examined.
Multi-base Station Placement for Reprogramming Wireless Sensor Networks

Reprogramming sensor nodes is an effective way to improve wireless sensor networks. The latest reprogramming protocols use radio communication to distribute software data. In large-scale sensor networks, several base stations are placed to disseminate software fast, but performances of reprogramming protocols for multi-base station environments have not been discussed. In this paper, we evaluate the features of software dissemination for multi-base station sensor networks. Simulations revealed that the placement and the number of base stations were the key parameters in software dissemination.
A Dynamic Signature File Declustering Method based on the Signature Difference

For processing a signature file in parallel, an effective signature file declustering method is needed. The Linear Code Decomposition Method(LCDM) used for the Hamming Filter may give a good performance in some cases, but due to its static property, it fails to evenly decluster a signature file when signatures are skewed. In addition, it has other problems such as limited scalability and non-determinism. In this paper we propose a new signature file declustering method, called the Inner-product method, which overcomes those problems in the LCDM. The Inner-product method declusters a signature file dynamically based on the signature difference which is computed by using signature inner product. We show through the various experiments that the Inner-product method outperforms the LCDM under various data workloads. Jae Chung Jae Byoung A Dynamic Signature File Declustering Method based on the Signature Difference 2
Compressed Sensing MRI Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Contourlet Transform and Split Bregman Method

Compressed sensing (CS) based methods have recently been used to reconstruct magnetic resonance (MR) images from undersampled measurements, which is known as CS-MRI. In traditional CS-MRI, wavelet transform can hardly capture the information of image curves and edges. In this paper, we present a new CS-MRI reconstruction algorithm based on contourlet transform and split Bregman method. Contrast with wavelet based algorithms, the proposed method not only enforces the curve sparsity of MR images with fast computation, but also outperforms on reconstruction accuracy. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Incremental Accumulate-then-Forward Relaying in Wireless Energy Harvesting Cooperative Networks

This paper investigates a wireless energy harvesting cooperative network (WEHCN) consisting of a source, a decode-and-forward (DF) relay and a destination. We consider the relay as an energy harvesting (EH) node equipped with EH circuit and a rechargeable battery. Moreover, the direct link between source and destination is assumed to exist. The relay can thus harvest and accumulate energy from radio-frequency signals ejected by the source and assist its information transmission opportunistically. We develop an incremental accumulate-then-forward (IATF) relaying protocol for the considered WEHCN. In the IATF protocol, the source sends its information to destination via the direct link and requests the relay to cooperate only when it is necessary such that the relay has more chances to accumulate the harvested energy. By modeling the charging/discharging behaviors of the relay battery as a finite-state Markov chain, we derive a closed-form expression for the outage probability of the proposed IATF. Numerical results validate our theoretical analysis and show that the IATF scheme can significantly outperform the direct transmission scheme without cooperation.
Estimating and depicting the structure of a distribution of random functions

We suggest a nonparametric approach to making inference about the structure of distributions in a potentially infinite-dimensional space, for example a function space, and displaying information about that structure. It is suggested that the simplest way of presenting the structure is through modes and density ascent lines, the latter being the projections into the sample space of the curves of steepest ascent up the surface of a functional-data density. Modes are always points in the sample space, and ascent lines are always one-parameter structures, even when the sample space is determined by an infinite number of parameters. They are therefore relatively easily depicted. Our methodology is based on a functional form of an iterative data-sharpening algorithm. Copyright Biometrika Trust 2002, Oxford University Press.
An Adaptive MT-BGP Traffic Engineering Based on Virtual Routing Topologies

Internet is not a single network. The Internet is a collection of networks, each controlled by different administrations. Traffic engineering is an important mechanism for Internet network providers seeking to optimize network performance and traffic delivery. Routing optimization plays a key role in traffic engineering, finding efficient routes so as to achieve the desired network performance. BGP is the de facto protocol used for inter-autonomous system routing in the Internet. BGP has been proven to be secure, efficient, scalable, and robust. In proposed introduced AMPLE – an efficient traffic engineering and management system that performs adaptive traffic control by using multiple virtualized routing topologies in MTBGP. The proposed system contains three complementary components: offline link weight optimization that takes as input the physical network topology and tries to produce maximum routing path diversity across multiple virtual routing topologies for long term operation through the optimized setting of link weights in BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) with admission traffic control algorithm. In our proposal, AMPLE (Adaptive Multi-toPoLogy traffic Engineering), a holistic system based on virtualized BGP routing topologies for dynamic traffic engineering. This paper also concentrates creates new path with help of ADC algorithm. This scheme allows a network to operate in the region of low delay, no packet loss and high
TEAM: Trust-Extended Authentication Mechanism for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

The security of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) has been receiving a significant amount of attention in the field of wireless mobile networking because VANETs are vulnerable to malicious attacks. A number of secure authentication schemes based on asymmetric cryptography have been proposed to prevent such attacks. However, these schemes are not suitable for highly dynamic environments such as VANETs, because they cannot efficiently cope with the authentication procedure. Hence, this still calls for an efficient authentication scheme for VANETs. In this paper, we propose a decentralized lightweight authentication scheme called trust-extended authentication mechanism (TEAM) for vehicle-to-vehicle communication networks. TEAM adopts the concept of transitive trust relationships to improve the performance of the authentication procedure and only needs a few storage spaces. Moreover, TEAM satisfies the following security requirements: anonymity, location privacy, mutual authentication, forgery attack resistance, modification attack resistance, replay attack resistance, no clock synchronization problem, no verification table, fast error detection, perfect forward secrecy, man-in-the-middle attack resistance, and session key agreement.
Nonparametric Bayesian Co-clustering Ensembles

A nonparametric Bayesian approach to co-clustering ensembles is presented. Similar to clustering ensembles, coclustering ensembles combine various base co-clustering results to obtain a more robust consensus co-clustering. To avoid pre-specifying the number of co-clusters, we specify independent Dirichlet process priors for the row and column clusters. Thus, the numbers of rowand column-clusters are unbounded a priori; the actual numbers of clusters can be learned a posteriori from observations. Next, to model non-independence of rowand column-clusters, we employ a Mondrian Process as a prior distribution over partitions of the data matrix. As a result, the co-clusters are not restricted to a regular grid partition, but form nested partitions with varying resolutions. The empirical evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of nonparametric Bayesian co-clustering ensembles and their advantages over traditional co-clustering methods.
Effects of piezoelectric actuators on a shell vibrations containing fluid

In this study, vibration of a shell containing fluid with attached piezoelectric layer as actuator is considered. Love's linear strain theory is utilized to model the shell and piezoelectric layer. Electrical induction vector is obtained by coupling of the shell structure and piezoelectric layer. It is assumed that the fluid is incompressible. Numerical simulations are accomplished and vibration frequencies and mode shapes are obtained and will be compared with existing numerical results. Finally, the effects of liquid level, piezoelectric thickness and applied voltage on the vibration behavior of the cylindrical shell are studied.
Synaptic Vesicle Generation from Activity-Dependent Bulk Endosomes Requires Calcium and Calcineurin

Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) is the dominant mode of synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis during high-frequency stimulation in central nerve terminals. ADBE generates endosomes direct from the plasma membrane, meaning that high concentrations of calcium will be present in their interior due to fluid phase uptake from the extracellular space. Morphological and fluorescent assays were used to track the generation of SVs from bulk endosomes in primary neuronal culture. This process was functionally uncoupled from both SV exocytosis and plasma membrane retrieval events by intervening only after SV fusion and endocytosis were completed. Either intracellular (BAPTA-AM) or intra-endosomal (Rhod-dextran) calcium chelation inhibited SV generation from bulk endosomes, indicating that calcium efflux from this compartment is critical for this process. The V-type ATPase antagonist bafilomycin A1 also arrested SV generation from bulk endosomes, indicating endosomal acidification may be required for calcium efflux. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of the calcium-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin blocked endosomal SV generation, identifying it as a key downstream effector in this process. These results reveal a novel and key role for the fluid phase uptake of extracellular calcium and its subsequent efflux in the SV lifecycle.
Automatic Interval Naming Using Relative Pitch

Relative pitch perception is the identification of the relationship between two successive pitches without identifying the pitches themselves. Absolute pitch perception is the identification of the pitch of a single note without relating it to another note. To date, most pitch algorithms have concentrated on detecting the absolute pitch of a signal. This paper presents an approach for relative pitch detection, and applies this approach to the problem of detecting the musical interval between two acoustic events. The approach is presented as it applies to the western system of music.
Experimental investigation of homogeneous freezing of sulphuric acid particles in the aerosol chamber AIDA

The homogeneous freezing of supercooled H2SO4/H2O solution droplets was investigated in the aerosol chamber AIDA (Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics in the Atmosphere) of Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe. 24 freezing experiments were performed at temperatures between 189 and 235 K with aerosol particles in the diameter range 0.05 to 1µm. Individual experiments started at homogeneous temperatures and ice saturation ratios between 0.9 and 0.95. Cloud cooling rates up to 2.8 K min 1 were simulated dy- namically in the chamber by expansion cooling using a me- chanical pump. Depending on the cooling rate and starting temperature, freezing threshold relative humidities were ex- ceeded after expansion time periods between about 1 and 10 min. The onset of ice formation was measured with three independent methods showing good agreement among each other. Ice saturation ratios measured at the onset of ice for- mation increased from about 1.4 at 231 K to about 1.75 at 189 K. The experimental data set including thermodynamic parameters as well as physical and chemical aerosol analysis provides a good basis for microphysical model applications.
Language Prototyping using Modular Monadic Semantics

Modular monadic semantics allows the modular development of interpreters from semantic specifications be means of monad transformers. In this paper we show how to structure semantic descriptions using folds and monadic folds over functors that express the shape of the programming language. A given language can be extended combining those functors without changing the original definitions. This approach will facilitate the implementation of language prototypes from reusable components. * This research is partially supported by the Project PBP-TIC97-01” Sistema Integral Orientado a Objetos: Oviedo3” from the “II Plan Regional de Investigación del Principado de Asturias”
A Multilevel Examination of Local Newspaper Credibility

This study adopts a multilevel framework to test whether perceived credibility of local newspapers is explained by individual- and community-level factors. Data from a community survey in the United States show that structural pluralism is negatively related to local newspaper credibility. Data also reveal that conservative ideology, newspaper use, social trust, and political trust are significantly related to local newspaper credibility.
Modeling and Simulating the Propagation of Unstructured Peer-to-Peer Worms

Propagation of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) worms in P2P networks has resulted in significant damages. In order to find an effective and efficient countermeasure against their propagation, we must fully understand their propagation characteristics. This paper presents a study on modeling the propagation of P2P worms in unstructured P2P networks. Our major contributions in this paper are firstly, we propose an innovative logic matrix approach to modeling the propagation of P2P worms, and secondly, we find, from the applications of the approach in our simulation experiments, the impacts of the two different quarantine strategies on propagation characteristics of P2P worms in unstructured P2P networks. The proposed approach models the propagation processes of P2P worms by difference equations with logic matrix, which are essentially discrete-time deterministic propagation models of P2P worms. We plan to apply the approach in research on propagation characteristics of P2P worms in structured P2P networks.
Supertubes in bubbling backgrounds: Born-Infeld meets supergravity

We discuss two ways in which one can study two-charge supertubes as components of generic three-charge, three-dipole charge supergravity solutions. The first is using the Born-Infeld action of the supertubes, and the second is via the complete supergravity solution. Even though the Born-Infeld description is only a probe approximation, we find that it gives exactly the same essential physics as the complete supergravity solution. Since supertubes can depend on arbitrary functions, our analysis strengthens the evidence for the existence of three-charge black-hole microstate geometries that depend on an infinite set of parameters, and sets the stage for the computation of the entropy of these backgrounds. We examine numerous other aspects of supertubes in three-charge, three-dipole charge supergravity backgrounds, including chronology protection during mergers, the contribution of supertubes to the charges and angular momenta, and the enhancement of their entropy. In particular, we find that entropy enhancement affects supertube fluctuations both along the internal and the spacetime directions, and we prove that the charges that give the enhanced entropy can be much larger than the asymptotic charges of the solution. We also re-examine the embedding of five-dimensional black rings in Taub-NUT, and show that in different coordinate patches a ring can correspond to different four-dimensional black holes. Last, but not least, we show that all the three-charge black hole microstate geometries constructed so far can be embedded in AdS3 × S3, and hence can be related to states of the D1-D5 CFT.
Drug Discovery of Host CLK1 Inhibitors for Influenza Treatment

The rapid evolution of influenza virus makes antiviral drugs less effective, which is considered to be a major bottleneck in antiviral therapy. The key proteins in the host cells, which are related with the replication cycle of influenza virus, are regarded as potential drug targets due to their distinct advantage of lack of evolution and drug resistance. Cdc2-like kinase 1 (CLK1) in the host cells is responsible for alternative splicing of the M2 gene of influenza virus during influenza infection and replication. In this study, we carried out baculovirus-mediated expression and purification of CLK1 and established a reliable screening assay for CLK1 inhibitors. After a virtual screening of CLK1 inhibitors was performed, the activities of the selected compounds were evaluated. Finally, several compounds with strong inhibitory activity against CLK1 were discovered and their in vitro anti-influenza virus activities were validated using a cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assay. The assay results showed that clypearin, corilagin, and pinosylvine were the most potential anti-influenza virus compounds as CLK1 inhibitors among the compounds tested. These findings will provide important information for new drug design and development in influenza treatment, and CLK1 may be a potent drug target for anti-influenza drug screening and discovery.
Subaru IR Echelle Spectroscopy of Herbig-Haro Driving Sources. I. H2 and [Fe II] Emission

We present infrared echelle spectroscopy of three Herbig-Haro (HH) driving sources (SVS 13, B5-IRS 1, and HH 34 IRS) using Subaru IRCS. The large diameter of the telescope and wide spectral coverage of the spectrograph allowed us to detect several H2 and [Fe II] lines in the H and K bands. These include H2 lines arising from v = 1-3 and J = 1-11, and [Fe II] lines with upper level energies of E/k = (1.1-2.7) × 104 K. For all objects the outflow is found to have two velocity components: (1) a high-velocity (-70 to -130 km s-1) component (HVC), seen in [Fe II] or H2 emission and associated with a collimated jet; and (2) a low-velocity (-10 to -30 km s-1) component (LVC), which is seen in H2 emission only and is spatially more compact. Such a kinematic structure resembles optical forbidden emission line outflows associated with classical T Tauri stars, whereas the presence of H2 emission reflects the low-excitation nature of the outflowing gas close to these protostars. The observed H 2 flux ratios indicate a temperature of (2-3) × 103 K and a gas density of 105 cm-3 or more, supporting shocks as the heating mechanism. B5-IRS 1 exhibits faint extended emission associated with the H2-LVC, in which the radial velocity slowly increases with distance from the protostar (by ~20 km s-1 at ~500 AU). This is explained as warm molecular gas entrained by an unseen wide-angled wind. The [Fe II] flux ratios indicate electron densities to be ~104 cm-3 or greater, similar to forbidden-line outflows associated with classical T Tauri stars. Finally, the kinematic structure of the [Fe II] emission associated with the base of the B5-IRS 1 and HH 34 IRS outflows is shown to support disk-wind models.
Design and implementation of the mobile fire alarm system using wireless sensor networks

The surveillance of home or industrial places through sensors and the prevention of problems via prediction are of vital importance for the safety of these areas. This paper shows how to increase wireless sensor network (WSN) techniques by composing new design methods and improved a low-cost industrial and home safety systems. So as to guarantee and present accurate solutions to the system, not only temperature and humidity sensors but also flame and gas sensors were used in this study. The design of simple hardware circuit allows every user to utilize this wireless home safety system. A notification was used as a method of informing users related to system. The installed Arduino device which was programmed with Android Studio takes received gas, flame, the temperature, and humidity signals from the sensors. In order to pre-monitor the capability of occurrence of a fire, when it detects that the collected data with control levels exceed a predefined threshold it will enable the communication with WIFI network and send the notification alarm message to the mobile users.
Weak quasi‐randomness for uniform hypergraphs

We study quasi‐random properties of k‐uniform hypergraphs. Our central notion is uniform edge distribution with respect to large vertex sets. We will find several equivalent characterisations of this property and our work can be viewed as an extension of the well known Chung‐Graham‐Wilson theorem for quasi‐random graphs.
Metabolism and Metabolic Inhibition of Xanthotoxol in Human Liver Microsomes

Cytochrome p450 (CYP450) enzymes are predominantly involved in Phase I metabolism of xenobiotics. In this study, the CYP450 isoforms involved in xanthotoxol metabolism were identified using recombinant CYP450s. In addition, the inhibitory effects of xanthotoxol on eight CYP450 isoforms and its pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using human liver microsomes. CYP1A2, one of CYP450s, played a key role in the metabolism of xanthotoxol compared to other CYP450s. Xanthotoxol showed stronger inhibition on CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 compared to other isoenzymes with the IC50 of 7.43 μM for CYP3A4 and 27.82 μM for CYP1A2. The values of inhibition kinetic parameters (Ki) were 21.15 μM and 2.22 μM for CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, respectively. The metabolism of xanthotoxol obeyed the typical monophasic Michaelis-Menten kinetics and V max, K m, and CLint values were calculated as 0.55 nmol·min−1·mg−1, 8.46 μM, and 0.06 mL·min−1·mg−1. In addition, the results of molecular docking showed that xanthotoxol was bound to CYP1A2 with hydrophobic and π-π bond and CYP3A4 with hydrogen and hydrophobic bond. We predicted the hepatic clearance (CLH) and the CLH value was 15.91 mL·min−1·kg−1 body weight. These data were significant for the application of xanthotoxol and xanthotoxol-containing herbs.
Small speed asymptotic stability study of induction motor sensorless vector control systems with extended Luemberger estimator

In this paper we analyze the asymptotic stability of a vector control system for a squirrel-cage induction motor that contains in its loop an extended Luemberger observer. The studied control system is based on the direct rotor flux orientation method (DFOC) and the stability study is based upon the linearization theorem around the equilibrium points of the control system, emphasizing the estimated variation domain of the rotor resistance for which the control system remains asymptotically stable when the prescribed speed of the control system is close to zero. The stability study is made in both the continual and discrete cases. The mathematical model of the vector regulating system is made using a value dlambdae -qlambdae linked to stator current.