Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Audit of quality of diagnostic procedures for occupational asthma.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported deficiencies in the quality of the diagnosis of occupational asthma. A low quality of diagnostic procedures means that the occupational cause of asthma is less likely to be revealed. AIMS To assess the current quality of the diagnosis of occupational asthma before referral to a specialist occupational medicine centre. METHODS The quality of diagnostic procedures was assessed by reviewing the files of 150 patients who were referred to the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in 2003 with a suspicion of an occupational cause of their asthma. The quality indicators used were assessment of workplace exposures, spirometric studies, bronchodilator response, serial workplace measurements of peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the time since first symptoms to the final diagnosis. For each indicator, criteria to differentiate between sufficient and insufficient care were developed. RESULTS Exposure assessments, spirometric studies and bronchodilator responses were performed in 92, 87 and 79% of cases in the total study group, respectively. Workplace measurements of PEF had been performed in 51% of the cases, and the quality of measurements was sufficient in 52%. Workplace exposures had been assessed significantly more often in occupational health care than in other health care units. The median time from the beginning of symptoms to the final diagnosis was 3.2 years. CONCLUSIONS Although the diagnostic procedures were mostly of sufficient quality, the performance of serial measurements of PEF at the workplace and the time to diagnosis should be substantially improved.
An Ecient Document Clustering Algorithm Based on the Topic Binder Hypothesis

Wepresent an e cient document clustering algorithm that uses a term frequency vector for each document instead of using a huge proximity matrix. The algorithm has the following features: 1) it consumes relatively little memory space and runs fast, 2) it produces a hierarchy in the form of a document classi cation tree, and 3) the hierarchy obtained by the algorithm explicitly reveals the collection structure. We con rm these features and thus show the algorithm's feasibility with clustering experiments in which we use two collections of Japanese documents, the sizes of which are 83,099 and 14,701. We also introduce two applications of this algorithm.
Relationship of aided speech recognition to hearing thresholds and aided speech-peak sensation levels in severely and profoundly hearing-impaired adults.

The relationship of speech recognition to hearing threshold levels and to aided speech-peak sensation levels was examined in a group of severely and profoundly hearing-impaired adults. Closed-set vowel and consonant recognition tests were administered at the subjects' most comfortable levels. Both vowel and consonant recognition scores were relatively predictable from hearing threshold level at 2000 Hz, the correlations being -. 84 and -. 76, respectively. Recognition of most speech-feature contrasts was also predictable from hearing threshold levels, at one or two frequencies, always including 2000 Hz. The predictability of speech recognition was similar, but no better, from aided speech-peak sensation levels than from hearing threshold levels. Vowel and consonant scores were similar to or better than those reported in previous studies, possibly reflecting subject selection factors and/or extensive testing that was used to optimize hearing aid fittings. For the majority of subjects, altering the low-frequency response of the hearing aid did not significantly affect vowel or consonant recognition scores.
Task representation in individual and joint settings

This paper outlines a framework for task representation and discusses applications to interference tasks in individual and joint settings. The framework is derived from the Theory of Event Coding (TEC). This theory regards task sets as transient assemblies of event codes in which stimulus and response codes interact and shape each other in particular ways. On the one hand, stimulus and response codes compete with each other within their respective subsets (horizontal interactions). On the other hand, stimulus and response code cooperate with each other (vertical interactions). Code interactions instantiating competition and cooperation apply to two time scales: on-line performance (i.e., doing the task) and off-line implementation (i.e., setting the task). Interference arises when stimulus and response codes overlap in features that are irrelevant for stimulus identification, but relevant for response selection. To resolve this dilemma, the feature profiles of event codes may become restructured in various ways. The framework is applied to three kinds of interference paradigms. Special emphasis is given to joint settings where tasks are shared between two participants. Major conclusions derived from these applications include: (1) Response competition is the chief driver of interference. Likewise, different modes of response competition give rise to different patterns of interference; (2) The type of features in which stimulus and response codes overlap is also a crucial factor. Different types of such features give likewise rise to different patterns of interference; and (3) Task sets for joint settings conflate intraindividual conflicts between responses (what), with interindividual conflicts between responding agents (whom). Features of response codes may, therefore, not only address responses, but also responding agents (both physically and socially).
Sequential Regularization Detecting Drift

In this work we present a system for incremental induction of decision trees capable to detect and react in the presence of concept drift. The method of detection of concept change is based on two pessimistic error estimates for each node. The error estimate in this node and the sum of the error estimates in all the descending leaves of the node. If the first error estimate is less than the second one, then concept change is detected. To adapt the decision model to the new concept, a new method had been developed: SR (Sequencial Regularization). When the method detects a new concept in a node, the distributions of each node, in the sub-tree, are updated by adding the distribution of all the descending leaves of the node. If a change concept is again detected, in one of the nodes in that sub-tree, then this node is transformed in a leaf. Preliminary results in real and artificial data sets show good results of the system in detecting and answering the concept changes.
Poster: A Low Cost People Flow Monitoring System For Sensing The Potential Danger

For a long history, stampede is one of the high potential disaster when thousands of people gathered. Current monitoring systems, however, can only detect the presence of a small number of sparsely located targets, rather than to monitor the change of people flow where there are large number of dense crowd in the environment. This paper presents DanSen, a low-cost people flow monitoring system for sensing the potential danger using the existing wifi infrastructures. Inspired by the dynamic light scattering (DLS) theory, the designed DanSen calculates the correlations between the initial channel state information (CSI) data and all the history CSI data to monitor the changes of people flow and also estimates the sharpness of the changes. By doing so, DanSen can be utilised to perceive the potential danger. Real-world experimental results illustrate the advantage and effectiveness of DanSen.
Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of Metacognition Applied to Physical Activities Scale (Mapas-tr): A Study on Early Adolescents*

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of Metacognition Applied to Physical Activities Scale (Settani et al., 2012). The study sample consists of 145 (38.4%) female and 233 (61.6%) male students in their adolescence (aged 11-14). In order to explore the factor structure of the scale, the data set obtained was analyzed with Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Item analysis was carried out based on the 27% lower and upper group means difference for the criterion validity; and item-total correlation (rjx) and internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach’s alpha) calculations were done within the scope of reliability analyses for the factors that were found to have good fit with the data in the factorial model. All the results concerning the psychometric properties of the measurement instrument reveal that Metacognition Applied to Physical Activities Scale is a valid and reliable measurement instrument that can be used on school age individuals within the Turkish speaking society © 2016 IOJES. All rights reserved
The role of the Vhavenda women in managing marital conflicts in Thulamela Municipality, Thohoyandou: An indigenous perspective

abstract This article investigates the role played by women in managing marital conflicts among the Vhavenda people in Thulamela Municipality, Thohoyandou. The study enquires into the roles and responsibilities of the makhadzi (paternal aunt) within the Vhavenda culture to maintain family security and integrity. The makhadzi are regarded highly among the Vhavenda as custodians of religious and traditional knowledge and as a resource to the family and community. The research adopted a qualitative research approach which allowed the researcher to inquire into the matter under investigation. Desktop research and review of literature were also used. A non-random sampling procedure was employed and a purposive sampling method was used to recruit participants in the villages around Thohoyandou. Participants were selected based on experience and traditional knowledge of the makhadzi. Data was collected through unstructured interviews which allowed for probing. The findings revealed that the makhadzi hold authority for sustaining and preserving custom in the conduct of marriages and in resolving family disputes. The makhadzi may act as a conduit of communication, acting as a negotiator or a mediator. From this study it is evident that cultural practices adopted in managing marital conflicts should be revisited since they are important in maintaining relationships in the family and social cohesion.
Smallholder Participation in Agricultural Value Chains: Comparative Evidence from Three Continents

Supermarkets, specialized wholesalers, and processors and agro-exporters’ agricultural value chains have begun to transform the marketing channels into which smallholder farmers sell produce in low-income economies. We develop a conceptual framework through which to study contracting between smallholders and a commodity-processing firm. We then conduct an empirical meta-analysis of agricultural value chains in five countries across three continents (Ghana, India, Madagascar, Mozambique, and Nicaragua). We document patterns of participation, the welfare gains associated with participation, reasons for non-participation, the significant extent of contract non-compliance, and the considerable dynamism of these value chains, as farmers and firms enter and exit frequently.
EFFECT OF POTATO VIRUS Y ON THE ACTIVITIES OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANAPLEROTIC ENZYMES IN NICOTIANA TABACUM L. TRANSGENIC PLANTS TRANSFORMED WITH THE GENE FOR P3 PROTEIN

The response of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. plants carrying the gene for potyviral non-structural P3 protein to Potato virus Y (strain NTN) infection was not significantly different from the wild type. The activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathion reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APOD) and superoxid dismutase (SOD), determined in systemically infected leaves at early stages of the infection did not change except for the transient increase in CAT and GR activities in the wild type infected plants compared to the healthy ones. At the stages, when severe symptoms of the infection developed on the leaves and the virus content reached its maximum, a significant increase in the activities of several enzymes of anaplerotic metabolic pathways, NADP-dependent malic enzyme (NADP-ME), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 124 Doubnerová et al.
Irritable bowel syndrome in general practice: prevalence, characteristics, and referral

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Little is known about the prevalence, symptoms, diagnosis, attitude, and referral to specialists of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in general practice. This study aimed to determine these characteristics. METHODS 3111 patients attending 36 general practitioners (GPs) at six varied locations in and near Bristol, UK, were screened to identify those with a gastrointestinal problem. These patients (n=255) and their doctors were given questionnaires. Six months later the case notes were examined to reach criteria based diagnoses of functional bowel disorders. RESULTS Of 255 patients with a gastrointestinal complaint, 30% were judged to have IBS and 14% other functional disorders. Compared with 100 patients with an “organic” diagnoses, those with IBS were more often women and more often judged by their GP to be polysymptomatic and to have unexplained symptoms. The majority of patients with IBS (58%) were diagnosed as such by the GP; 22% had other functional diagnoses. Conversely, among 54 patients diagnosed as having IBS by the GPs, the criteria based diagnosis was indeed functional in 91%; only one patient had organic disease (proctitis). More patients with IBS than those with organic disease feared cancer. In most some fear remained after the visit to the doctor. On logistic regression analysis, predictors of referral to a specialist (29% referred) were denial of a role for stress, multiple tests, and frequent bowel movements. CONCLUSIONS Half the patients with gut complaints seen by GPs have functional disorders. These are usually recognised, and few patients are referred. In IBS, cancer fears often remain, suggesting unconfident diagnosis or inadequate explanation.
Single Units and Sensation: A Neuron Doctrine for Perceptual Psychology?

The problem discussed is the relationship between the firing of single neurons in sensory pathways and subjectively experienced sensations. The conclusions are formulated as the following five dogmas: To understand nervous function one needs to look at interactions at a cellular level, rather than either a more macroscopic or microscopic level, because behaviour depends upon the organized pattern of these intercellular interactions. The sensory system is organized to achieve as complete a representation of the sensory stimulus as possible with the minimum number of active neurons. Trigger features of sensory neurons are matched to redundant patterns of stimulation by experience as well as by developmental processes. Perception corresponds to the activity of a small selection from the very numerous high-level neurons, each of which corresponds to a pattern of external events of the order of complexity of the events symbolized by a word. High impulse frequency in such neurons corresponds to high certainty that the trigger feature is present. The development of the concepts leading up to these speculative dogmas, their experimental basis, and some of their limitations are discussed.
Interdependencies among Voice Source Parameters in Emotional Speech

Emotions have strong effects on the voice production mechanisms and consequently on voice characteristics. The magnitude of these effects, measured using voice source parameters, and the interdependencies among parameters have not been examined. To better understand these relationships, voice characteristics were analyzed in 10 actors' productions of a sustained/a/vowel in five emotions. Twelve acoustic parameters were studied and grouped according to their physiological backgrounds, three related to subglottal pressure, five related to the transglottal airflow waveform derived from inverse filtering the audio signal, and four related to vocal fold vibration. Each emotion appeared to possess a specific combination of acoustic parameters reflecting a specific mixture of physiologic voice control parameters. Features related to subglottal pressure showed strong within-group and between-group correlations, demonstrating the importance of accounting for vocal loudness in voice analyses. Multiple discriminant analysis revealed that a parameter selection that was based, in a principled fashion, on production processes could yield rather satisfactory discrimination outcomes (87.1 percent based on 12 parameters and 78 percent based on three parameters). The results of this study suggest that systems to automatically detect emotions use a hypothesis-driven approach to selecting parameters that directly reflect the physiological parameters underlying voice and speech production.
The LIG Arabic/English speech translation system at IWSLT08.

This paper is a description of the system presented by the LIG laboratory to the IWSLT08 speech translation evaluation. The LIG participated, for the second time this year, in the Arabic to English speech translation task. For translation, we used a conventional statistical phrase(based system developed using the moses open source decoder. We describe chronologically the improvements made since last year, starting from the IWSLT 2007 system, following with the improvements made for our 2008 submission. Then, we discuss in section 5 some post(evaluation experiments made very recently, as well as some on(going work on Arabic / English speech to text translation. This year, the systems were ranked according to the (BLEU+METEOR)/2 score of the primary ASR output run submissions. The LIG was ranked 5 th /10 based on this rule.
What's in a bug report?

Context: Bug reports are the primary means by which users of a system are able to communicate a problem to the developers, and their contents are important - not only to support developers in maintaining the system, but also as the basis of automated tools to assist in the challenging tasks of finding and fixing bugs. Goal: This paper aims to investigate how users report bugs in systems: what information is provided, how frequently, and the consequences of this. Method: The study examined the quality and quantity of information provided in 1600 bugs reports drawn from four open-source projects (Eclipse, Firefox, Apache HTTP, and Facebook API), recorded what information users actually provide, how and when users provide the information, and how this affects the outcome of the bug. Results: Of the recorded sources of information, only observed behaviour and expected results appeared in more than 50% of reports. Those sources deemed highly useful by developers and tools such as stack traces and test cases appeared very infrequently. However, no strong relationship was observed between the provided information and the outcome of the bug. Conclusions: The paper demonstrates a clear mismatch between the information that developers would wish to appear in a bug report, and the information that actually appears. Furthermore, the quality of bug reports has an important impact on research which might rely on extracting this information automatically.
Changes in Electrophoretic Mobilities of aand f 3-Lipoproteins as a Result of Plasma Delipidation

A two-phase system containing the ternary mixture butanol/diisopropyl ether/plasma in different proportions yields ordered delipidation of a-lipoproteins, pre-/3-lipoproteins, and /3-lipoproteins in plasma, as quantitated by densitometry after electrophoresis. As a consequence of delipidation the electrophoretic mobilities of pre3-lipoprotein and 3-lipoprotein increased, that of a-lipoprotein decreased.
Spectral statistics of Erdős–Rényi graphs I: Local semicircle law

We consider the ensemble of adjacency matrices of Erdős–Renyi random graphs, that is, graphs on N vertices where every edge is chosen independently and with probability p≡p(N). We rescale the matrix so that its bulk eigenvalues are of order one. We prove that, as long as pN→∞ (with a speed at least logarithmic in N), the density of eigenvalues of the Erdős–Renyi ensemble is given by the Wigner semicircle law for spectral windows of length larger than N−1 (up to logarithmic corrections). As a consequence, all eigenvectors are proved to be completely delocalized in the sense that the l∞-norms of the l2-normalized eigenvectors are at most of order N−1/2 with a very high probability. The estimates in this paper will be used in the companion paper [Spectral statistics of Erdős–Renyi graphs II: Eigenvalue spacing and the extreme eigenvalues (2011) Preprint] to prove the universality of eigenvalue distributions both in the bulk and at the spectral edges under the further restriction that pN≫N2/3.
A Category-Theoretic Approach to Agent-based Modeling and Simulation

Category Theory represents a robust mathematical formalism for the study of systems, including system elements, coupling, structure, behavior and morphism1. These properties are also fundamental in the study and practice of Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS). The purpose of this presentation is to provide a very elementary, introductory overview of the application of a category-theoretic approach to ABMS. This approach is applied to a real-world biomedical problem domain involving emergent properties of inter-cellular interaction in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. The objective is to raise awareness of the value of this approach and to demonstrate the representation of the universal properties of this methodology.
Swimming characteristics of helical microrobots in fibrous environments

Wireless magnetic microrobots show great potential for targeted drug delivery or as minimally invasive surgical tools in the human body. In order to swim through bodily fluids, such as the vitreous humor in the eye, they must be equipped to successfully move through viscoelastic fluids, where they are obstructed by fibrous networks or microparticles. Prior researchers have shown an increased propulsion efficiency with increasing viscoelastic properties for artificial helical swimmers and bacteria with helical flagella. This work investigates the effect of solutions with increasing collagen concentrations on the propulsion velocity of a magnetically actuated helical microswimmer. Results are in agreement with prior experiments and theory and show a performance peak for a helical microrobot of length 280 μm swimming in a fibrous solution with collagen concentration of 1578 μg/ml.
Role of monopoles in a gluon plasma

We study the role of magnetic monopoles at high enough temperature T>2T{sub c}, when they can be considered heavy, rare objects embedded into matter consisting mostly of the usual 'electric' quasiparticles, quarks, and gluons. We review available lattice results on monopoles at finite temperatures. Then we proceed to classical and quantum charge-monopole scattering, solving the problem of gluon-monopole scattering for the first time. The explicit calculations are performed in the framework of the Georgi-Glashow model; the results that we obtain are nevertheless quite general. Connections to QCD are carefully discussed. We find that, while the gluon-monopole scattering hardly influences thermodynamic quantities, it does produce a large transport cross section, significantly exceeding that for pQCD gluon-gluon scattering up to quite high T. Thus, in spite of their relatively small density at high T, monopoles are extremely important for quark-gluon plasma transport properties, keeping viscosity small enough for hydrodynamics to work at the LHC.