Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium and Stability of Elliptical Galaxies 1 1. Triaxial Galaxies with Cusps

Recent work on the equilibrium and stability of ellipsoidal stellar systems is reviewed. The absence of constant-density cores in early-type galaxies implies that chaos and high-order resonances are generic features of the motion in triaxial stellar systems. Bending instabilities are now well understood and may provide the answers to a number of long-standing riddles, including the absence of highly attened elliptical galaxies and the formation of galactic bulges. Some preliminary results on instabilities in two-integral oblate models are presented. Lees & Schwarzschild (1992) divide nonsingular triaxial potentials into three radial sections which diier from each other in their orbital content. The central two sections are present only in potentials with a core; they extend out to the radius where the x-axial orbit, which generates the box orbits, becomes unstable. Inside of this radius the orbits are mostly regular, i.e. they respect three isolating integrals of the motion. Typically there are four major orbit families: the box orbits, which have lled centers; and the three families of tube orbits, which avoid the center. These four families are the same ones that appear in fully integrable, Stt ackel potentials (Kuzmin 1973; de Zeeuw and Lynden-Bell 1985). Beyond a few tens of core radii (the exact radius depends on the model shape and density proole), the x-axial orbit becomes unstable and the box orbits disappear. Orbits which | like the boxes | touch an equipotential surface are now either stochastic, i.e. lack two of their three integrals of motion, or else they belong to a family of regular orbits associated with a stable resonance that avoids the center. The latter are called \boxlets" and the most important boxlets are those generated by the 1 : 2 \banana" orbits in the x z plane. that early-type galaxies never have constant-density cores; the stellar surface brightness always continues to rise, roughly as a power law, into the smallest observable radius. If the mass distributions follow suit, then the orbital motion in elliptical galaxies may bear little resemblance to the motion in Stt ackel potentials at any radius, either large or small.
On QoE-awareness through virtualized probes in 5G networks

The advent of 5G Networks introduces significant challenges in almost every link of the network value chain. The demand for seamless connectivity, extremely low latency, high-speed data transfer and energy efficiency along with the exponential increase of interconnected devices will shape an ecosystem with such complexity that enforces the replacement of almost every current standard. It is therefore necessary to re-address all aspects of networking with Quality of Experience (QoE) amongst them. This paper aims to provide an overview of some exciting new technologies 5G networks are based upon and present a novel architectural component that will solve the thorny issue of QoE-awareness facilitated by the advanced virtualization and data management capabilities this novel user-centric networking paradigm supports.
Matters of time: Materiality and the changing temporal organisation of everyday energy consumption

This article seeks to reverse an emphasis in current discussions of peak demand and the times of everyday energy consumption, which suggest that the use of technologies, infrastructures and energy are patterned by temporal features of practice as against such materials being integral to practice temporalities. In an exploratory study of homes and daily lives between 1950 and 2000, materials are foregrounded in the analysis of daily routines and the temporal details of specific practices – doing laundry, keeping warm and keeping oneself clean. The article challenges prominent approaches by demonstrating the material co-constitution of practice temporalities, and thus of the temporal organisation of everyday energy consumption. This material co-constitution is argued for in two ways. First, the article reveals the material dimensions of commonly cited concepts of temporality from Zerubavel, which have previously relied on solely social explanations. Second, the article argues that understanding materials as integral to times of practice (and consumption) requires a new conceptual vocabulary with which to perceive, analyse and discuss such relationships. The article concludes by outlining an initial set of concepts identified through the historical study and discusses the relevance of the emergent framework to contemporary contexts.
Dynamic Treatment Allocation for Epidemic Control in Arbitrary Networks

While static epidemic control, e.g. using vaccination, has been extensively studied for various network types, controlling epidemics dynamically remains an open issue. In this work, we rst propose a general model formulation for the dynamic treatment allocation problem for the SusceptibleInfected-Susceptible diusion model. Then, we investigate dynamic control strategies and further propose the novel Largest Reduction in Infectious Edges (LRIE) heuristic that gives priority to the treatment of nodes that have both a high dissemination rate of the infection to many healthy nodes, and low reinfection probability after recovery. Experiments on random and a real-world network show that the dynamic problem is signicantly dierent from vaccination, since the latter strategies can lead to disastrous results, and that the proposed heuristic is an eective strategy under various initial infection conditions.
Hypoxia upregulates neutrophil degranulation and potential for tissue injury

Background The inflamed bronchial mucosal surface is a profoundly hypoxic environment. Neutrophilic airway inflammation and neutrophil-derived proteases have been linked to disease progression in conditions such as COPD and cystic fibrosis, but the effects of hypoxia on potentially harmful neutrophil functional responses such as degranulation are unknown. Methods and results Following exposure to hypoxia (0.8% oxygen, 3 kPa for 4 h), neutrophils stimulated with inflammatory agonists (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor or platelet-activating factor and formylated peptide) displayed a markedly augmented (twofold to sixfold) release of azurophilic (neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase), specific (lactoferrin) and gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase-9) granule contents. Neutrophil supernatants derived under hypoxic but not normoxic conditions induced extensive airway epithelial cell detachment and death, which was prevented by coincubation with the antiprotease α-1 antitrypsin; both normoxic and hypoxic supernatants impaired ciliary function. Surprisingly, the hypoxic upregulation of neutrophil degranulation was not dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), nor was it fully reversed by inhibition of phospholipase C signalling. Hypoxia augmented the resting and cytokine-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT, and inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)γ (but not other PI3K isoforms) prevented the hypoxic upregulation of neutrophil elastase release. Conclusion Hypoxia augments neutrophil degranulation and confers enhanced potential for damage to respiratory airway epithelial cells in a HIF-independent but PI3Kγ-dependent fashion.
Implementation of MIMO-OFDM system in Mobile AD-Hoc Networks

Spatial multiplexing is required to configure MIMO antenna. Spatial multiplexing require a high data rate to split into multiple lower data rate stream is transmitted from different transmit antenna in the same frequency channel. If these signals arrive at the receiver antenna array with sufficiently different spatial signature, the receiver can separate these streams, creating parallel channel free. Spatial multiplexing is very powerful technique for increasing channel capacity at higher SNR [1]. The maximum number of spatial stream is limited by lesser number of antennas at the transmitter and receiver. To implement spatial multiplexing in MIMO based Mobile Ad-hoc network we can achieve up to eight times higher data rates compare to selecting only one user pair at a time [2]. To get more data rate we implement MIMO-OFDM scheme for MIMO based Mobile Ad-hoc networks. In this paper we implement a MIMO-OFDM system model for MIMO based mobile ad-hoc network and compare its BER (Bit Error rate) with different modulation technique.
Decision Fusion in Kernel-Induced Spaces for Hyperspectral Image Classification

The one-against-one (OAO) strategy is commonly employed with classifiers-such as support vector machines-which inherently provide binary two-class classification in order to handle multiple classes. This OAO strategy is introduced for the classification of hyperspectral imagery using discriminant analysis within kernel-induced feature spaces, producing a pair of algorithms-kernel discriminant analysis and kernel local Fisher discriminant analysis-for dimensionality reduction, which are followed by a quadratic Gaussian maximum-likelihood-estimation classifier. In the proposed approach, a multiclass problem is broken down into all possible binary classifiers, and various decision-fusion rules are considered for merging results from this classifier ensemble. Experimental results using several hyperspectral data sets demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach-in addition to improved classification performance, the resulting classifier framework requires reduced memory for estimating kernel matrices.
Developing Peer Support for Adults Bereaved Through Substance Use

The impacts of a bereavement through substance use are many and profound and include guilt, loneliness, stigma, and mixed responses from professionals and others. It seems that those who are bereaved in this way have a particular and unique experience of grief, which many feel is disenfranchised. Support needs to be credible as well as effective, yet up until now little specialist help has been available. In particular, help from a peer who has been there brings authenticity, can lead to the sense of a safe space where those bereaved feel listened to in an empathic manner, and permit the expression of grief which is often disenfranchised. The article is structured around the experiences of someone bereaved through alcohol use who went on to volunteer for a peer support project. Her powerful testimony articulates the wider findings of two recent United Kingdom projects (one includes the peer support project) conducted by the authors.
Fusion: the way ahead

By 2025 the Earth's population is predicted to reach eight billion. By the turn of the next century it could be as many as 12 billion. Even if the industrialized nations find a way to reduce their energy consumption, this unprecedented increase in population – coupled with rising prosperity in the developing world – will place huge demands on global energy supplies.
Using Virtualization to Provide Interdomain QoS-enabled Routing

Today, the most important aspect related with the Internet architecture is its ossification representing the difficulties to introduce evolutions in the architecture as a way to meet the demands posed by the new requirements as mobility, security, heterogeneity, etc. In this paper we discuss how the network virtualization can be used to support the interdomain QoS-enabled routing. We present the Virtual Topology Service (VTS), a new approach to provide interdomain services taking into account QoS and Traffic Engineering (TE) constraints. We advocate in favor of a service layer that offers new mechanisms for interdomain routing without affecting the underlying Internet infrastructure. The VTS abstracts the physical network details of each Autonomous System (AS) and is totally integrated with BGP. Two models to obtain VTs were defined, the Push Model and the Pull Model. The latter one uses the Internet hierarchy to get more alternative routes towards a destination. We will show how the VTS and other services such as the end-toend negotiation service work together to provide a complete mechanism for provisioning of interdomain QoS- enabled routes in IP networks. Preliminary evaluation results are also presented.
A molecular computing model for maximal clique problem using circular DNA length growth

A novel DNA computing model based on circular DNA length growth (CDLG) is developed to solve a maximal clique problem (MCP) with n-vertices. The time complexity of biological operations required is O(n+m) (m is the number of edges of the complementary graph), and the space complexity is O(n+m). The main feature of this model is using circular single-stranded DNA (c-ssDNA) to implement the computation on the nano-scale. By the CDLG method, the target DNA molecules will grow in length just when they satisfy the conditions. To verify the algorithm, a small paradigm is calculated by the nano-scale DNA computing model. The computing achievement by circular DNA demonstrates the potential ability of DNA computing to solve NP-complete problems.
Multiscale entropy and poincare plot-based analysis of pulse rate variability and heart rate variability of ICU patients

It is now known that multiscale entropy has the potential to distinguish certain pathological time series clearly and reliably from the corresponding healthy series. However, the implications of this parameter for Heart Rate Variability (HRV) have not been studied extensively. Also, as reported by other studies, the Poincare plots of the R-R interval series of a human subject's ECG signal (which too function as a measure of HRV) could be more useful than the time-domain and frequency domain parameters of HRV for certain applications. Although the Poincare plots of healthy R-R interval series and corresponding PPG-based interval series have been investigated by many researchers, they do not seem to have been examined for unhealthy subjects. Our goal in this study has been to assess the extent to which PRV can substitute for HRV in the determination of these two nonlinear parameters. We perform multiscale entropy analysis (MSE) on Pulse Rate Variability (PRV) and HRV of 20 ICU patients. We also obtain Poincare plots associated with PRV from four PPG-based techniques and those characterizing HRV from the standard R-R interval technique. We then compare the resulting PRV data sets with their HRV counterparts. We observe that none of the PPG-based methods displays a satisfactory statistical agreement or even an acceptable statistical correlation with the standard ECG-based technique. Hence we conclude that as of now, one cannot rely on PRV as a convenient alternative to estimate the MSE values and Poincare plots of HRV. However, further investigation on the lines suggested in the paper might yield fruitful insights.
Virtual Exploration of Underwater Archaeological Sites: Visualization and Interaction in Mixed Reality Environments

This paper describes the ongoing developments in Photogrammetry and Mixed Reality for the Venus European project (Virtual ExploratioN of Underwater Sites, http://www.venus-project.eu). The main goal of the project is to provide archaeologists and the general public with virtual and augmented reality tools for exploring and studying deep underwater archaeological sites out of reach of divers. These sites have to be reconstructed in terms of environment (seabed) and content (artifacts) by performing bathymetric and photogrammetric surveys on the real site and matching points between geolocalized pictures. The base idea behind using Mixed Reality techniques is to offer archaeologists and general public new insights on the reconstructed archaeological sites allowing archaeologists to study directly from within the virtual site and allowing the general public to immersively explore a realistic reconstruction of the sites. Both activities are based on the same VR engine but drastically differ in the way they present information. General public activities emphasize the visually and auditory realistic aspect of the reconstruction while archaeologists activities emphasize functional aspects focused on the cargo study rather than realism which leads to the development of two parallel VR demonstrators. This paper will focus on several key points developed for the reconstruction process as well as both VR demonstrators (archaeological and general public) issues. The first developed key point concerns the densification of seabed points obtained through photogrammetry in order to obtain high quality terrain reproduction. The second point concerns the development of the Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR) demonstrators for archaeologists designed to exploit the results of the photogrammetric reconstruction. And the third point concerns the development of the VR demonstrator for general public aimed at creating awareness of both the artifacts that were found and of the process with which they were discovered by recreating the dive process from ship to seabed.
Fractal and broadband techniques on miniature, multifrequency and high-directivity microstrip patch antennas

La entrada al nuevo siflo XXI abre las pruebas a la nueva revolucion de la comunicacion inalambrica. Diversos son ya los sistemas de uso comercial para intercambio de mensajes, voz, datos e imagenes como por ejemplo el GSM, DCS y PCS entre otros; sistemas de ayuda a la navegacion como el GPS; y algunos de mas recientes como el Bluetooth que pretenden eliminar por completo cualquier comunicacion con hilos entre dispositivos. Para que la revolucion tenga exito se necesita de un elemento indispensable capaz de enviar y reciber las ondas electromagneticas: la antena. Es precisamente el entorno innovador de la revolucion el que exige a la antena nuevas metas. Por un lado, los equipos son cada vez mas compactos por lo que la antena debera presentar dimensiones pequenas; generalmente mas pequenas que la longitud de onda. Por otro lado, la multitud de servicios que coexisten fuerzan a la antena a operar en diversas bandas, es decir, se la exige a la antena ser multifrecuencia. Ademas, debido al aumento de las prestaciones de la comunicacion, al ancho de banda necesario es cada vez mas grande. Por tanto, otra responsabilidad de la antena es el poder aceptar anchos de banda elevados. Finalmente, el aumento de aplicaciones espaciales exige que las estructuras radiantes tengan elevada directividad para concentrar eficientemente la energia y ademas poco peso para aumentar el tiempo de vida util de los satelites. Por los motivos comentados, la presente tesis investiga tecnicas fractales y de banda ancha aplicadas al diseno de antenas miniatura, multifrecuencia y de elevada directividad. La razon de utilizar la geometria fractal es que esta presenta dos propiedades (autosemejanza y dimension fractal) utiles para el diseno de antenas miniatura, multifrecuencia y de alta-directividad. El hecho de utilizar tecnologia microstrip radica en que se obtiene antenas de poco perfil, peso y coste facilitando su integracion en la
A scalable heuristic for evacuation planning in large road network

Evacuation planning is of critical importance for civil authorities to prepare for natural disasters, but efficient evacuation planning in large city is computationally challenging due to the large number of evacuees and the huge size of transportation networks. One recently proposed algorithm Capacity Constrained Route Planner (CCRP) can give sub-optimal solution with good accuracy in less time and use less memory compared to previous approaches. However, it still can not scale to large networks. In this paper, we analyze the overhead of CCRP and come to a new heuristic CCRP++ that scalable to large network. Our algorithm can reuse search results in previous iterations and avoid the repetitive global shortest path expansion in CCRP. We conducted extensive experiments with real world road networks and different evacuation parameter settings. The result shows it can gives great speed-up without loosing the optimality.
Recognition of Dithering Patterns for Ordered Dither Technique

Most of applications for halftoning images are designed for a particular halftoning method. Under an automatic system, a pre-processor is needed to recognize the halftoning images and then a suitable technique can be applied to them. In this paper, a novel technique is proposed to recognize the visual patterns by order dither technique. It takes the properties of pixel ordering in the halftoning patterns by dither matrices. Our experiments indicate that sixty halftoning images by order dither technique and error diffusion with variant parameters can be correctly classified without manual operations.
Effect of Professional Development and Follow-Up Support through Coaching Emails on Secondary English Teachers' Sense of Efficacy in Implementing Mentor Text Instruction.

Beyond rigorous reading instruction in America’s high schools, writing instruction in the 21st century must be addressed if students will be equipped with the critical thinking skills they need to be successful. Teachers, however, need training in implementing innovative methods in writing instruction to effect change in student achievement. This quantitative, quasiexperimental study attempted to determine what effect professional development through inperson training and follow-up support through coaching emails have on teachers’ perceived selfefficacy in implementing mentor text instruction for writing. Data were collected from 9 teachers who attended a 2-hour professional development session on strategies for using mentor texts. Before and after the training, teachers responded to the Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES). Participants received 5 weeks of follow-up support through coaching emails, which included classroom exemplar videos, articles on mentor text instruction, and lesson plans for using mentor texts. A 1-sample Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to compare participants’ median scores on the TSES before and after the in-person training and then to compare the participants’ median scores on the TSES before and after receiving follow-up support through coaching emails. Further research may demonstrate more variations of professional development and follow-up support as well as the specific uses and benefits of mentor texts in writing instruction for various grade levels and for various writing tasks as well as how it affects students’ reading ability.
The Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis

Introduction. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of addition of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to the conventional approach in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods. Forty patients were randomly assigned to test or control groups. Patients were assessed at baseline and at six (T1), twelve (T2), and twenty-four (T3) weeks recording plaque index (PlI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP); control group received conventional periodontal therapy, while test group received photodynamic therapy in addition to it. Result. Test group showed a 70% reduction in the plaque index values and a 60% reduction in PD values compared to the baseline. BOP and suppuration were not detectable. Control group showed a significative reduction in plaque index and PD. Discussion. Laser therapy has some advantages in comparison to traditional therapy, with faster and greater healing of the wound. Conclusion. Test group showed after 24 weeks a better value in terms of PPD, BOP, and PlI, with an average pocket depth value of 2 mm, if compared with control group (3 mm). Our results suggest that antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with diode laser and phenothiazine chloride represents a reliable adjunctive treatment to conventional therapy. Photodynamic therapy should, however, be considered a coadjuvant in the treatment of peri-implantitis associated with mechanical (scaling) and surgical (grafts) treatments.