Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A method to establish GPS grid ionospheric correction model

The ionospheric influence is one of the largest error sources in GPS positioning and navigation after closing the Selective Availability (SA). Therefore, it is available to establish a real time ionospheric correction model to eliminate or mitigate the ionospheric influence. In this paper, a new method, Hardy Function Interpolation method, is presented to establish a high precision grid ionospheric model (GIM) over the Yangtze River Delta using continuous GPS data of SIGAN network, and the internal and external accuracy of TEC from the GIM are evaluated. It has shown that the real time and high precision GIM over the Yangtze River delta is well established using the Hardy Function Interpolation. The internal and external accuracy of TEC from the GIM are all smaller than 0.3m and better than the methods of distance weight function of WAAS and spherical harmonic function. In addition, these methods are further used to initially investigate and analyze the seasonal variations of TEC over Yangtze River delta.
White Matter Alterations in Infants at Risk for Developmental Dyslexia

Abstract Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a heritable condition characterized by persistent difficulties in learning to read. White matter alterations in left‐lateralized language areas, particularly in the arcuate fasciculus (AF), have been observed in DD, and diffusion properties within the AF correlate with (pre‐)reading skills as early as kindergarten. However, it is unclear how early these alterations can be observed. We investigated white matter structure in 14 infants with (FHD+; ages 6.6‐17.6 months) and 18 without (FHD−; ages 5.1‐17.6 months) familial risk for DD. Diffusion scans were acquired during natural sleep, and early language skills were assessed. Tractography for bilateral AF was reconstructed using manual and automated methods, allowing for independent validation of results. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was calculated at multiple nodes along the tracts for more precise localization of group differences. The analyses revealed significantly lower FA in the left AF for FHD+ compared with FHD− infants, particularly in the central portion of the tract. Moreover, expressive language positively correlated with FA across groups. Our results demonstrate that atypical brain development associated with DD is already present within the first 18 months of life, suggesting that the deficits associated with DD may result from altered structural connectivity in left‐hemispheric regions.
The circumplex model of affect: An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology

The circumplex model of affect proposes that all affective states arise from cognitive interpretations of core neural sensations that are the product of two independent neurophysiological systems. This model stands in contrast to theories of basic emotions, which posit that a discrete and independent neural system subserves every emotion. We propose that basic emotion theories no longer explain adequately the vast number of empirical observations from studies in affective neuroscience, and we suggest that a conceptual shift is needed in the empirical approaches taken to the study of emotion and affective psychopathologies. The circumplex model of affect is more consistent with many recent findings from behavioral, cognitive neuroscience, neuroimaging, and developmental studies of affect. Moreover, the model offers new theoretical and empirical approaches to studying the development of affective disorders as well as the genetic and cognitive underpinnings of affective processing within the central nervous system.This work was supported in part by NIMH Grants MH01232, MH59139, MH36197, MHK02-74677, and MH068318; a grant from the National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders (NARSAD); NSF Grant BSC-0421702; and funding from the Thomas D. Klingenstein and Nancy D. Perlman Family Fund and the Suzanne Crosby Murphy Endowment at Columbia University.
Modeling Nitrogen Transformations in a Pilot Scale Marine Integrated Aquaculture System

Integrated aquaculture systems (IAS) are a type of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) where the wastewater is treated and returned to the fish tanks. The important difference between the two is that in an IAS, wastes from the aquaculture component are recovered as fertilizer to produce an agricultural product whereas in an RAS, waste organics, nutrients and solids are treated and discharged. A pilot marine IAS at Mote Aquaculture Research Park in Sarasota, FL was studied for this project. Water quality monitoring, measurements of fish health and growth rates of fish and plants were performed over a two-year period to determine the effectiveness of the system in producing fish and plant products and removing pollutants. The goal of this portion of the project was to develop, calibrate and evaluate a model of the system, to understand the nitrogen transformations within the Mote IAS and to investigate other potential configurations of the Mote IAS. The model was divided into the various compartments to simulate each stage of the system, which included fish tanks, a drum filter for solids removal, and moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) for nitrification and disinfection. A solids tank after the drum filter was used to store the drum filter effluent slurry, which was then divided between three treatment processes: a geotube, a sand filter followed by a plant bed, and a plant bed alone. Nitrogen species modeled were particulate organic nitrogen (PON), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), ammonium and nitrate. Of the physical components of the IAS, models of the MBBR and the two plant raceways included physical, chemical and biological nitrogen transformation processes. The sand filter, solids tank and geotube models were simple mass balances, incorporating factional removals of each species based on the observed data. Other variables modeled included temperature, dissolved oxygen, volatile suspended solids and chemical oxygen demand concentrations. The model was built in a computer program, STELLATM, to simulate the Mote IAS. The model calibration involved experimental, literature and calibrated parameters. Parameters were adjusted until the model's output was a best fit to the observed data by minimizing the sum of the squared residuals. During the sensitivity analysis, two model parameters caused large variations in the model output. The denitrifier constant caused the most variation to the model's output followed by the denitrifier fraction of volatile suspended solids. Of the removal processes, denitrification was the largest nitrogen removal mechanism from the model, accounting for 59% and 55% of the nitrogen removed from the south and north plant raceways respectively. Plant and soil uptake represented only 0.2% of the overall nitrogen removal processes followed by 0.1% by sedimentation. Finally, the model was used to investigate other treatment designs if the Mote IAS was redesigned. The first option involved a geotube and one plant raceway in series to treat the solid waste while the second option did…
Development and nutritional validity of a novel Japanese diet score and its relation with health status

The traditional Japanese diet (JD) had been widely regarded as healthy, but there is no appropriate and easy index to assess adherence to the JD pattern. The aim of this study was to develop a novel instrument to measure adherence to the JD and to examine its validity using food and nutrient intakes. A cross-sectional nutritional survey provided the data for construction of a novel JD score. A total of 1,048 subjects who were employees and university students, aged 18 to 68 years (645 men, 403 women), completed the 58-item brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. We constructed a new JD score focusing on 10 components: rice, soy-products, miso soup, fish, vegetables, vegetable pickles, seaweeds, green tea, Japanese confections (wagashi), and meat and meat products. Adherence to the JD was categorized as low (score 0-3), moderate (4-6), or high (7-10). There was no significant difference in JD score between men and women, but a greater adherence to JD was shown in older than in younger subjects. Subjects with a higher JD score were non-smokers, physically active, and consumed lower amounts of alcohol, whereas no difference was observed in JD score between subjects with and without obesity. Subjects with a higher JD score showed a higher intake of legumes, vegetables, fruits, and fish and a lower intake of meat and bread, which reflects the higher adherence to the JD pattern. A higher JD score was associated with a higher intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, vitamin D, folate, and vitamin C, and a lower intake of saturated acids, thus representing a healthy diet. Our novel JD score showed good validity and confirmed reasonable associations between the JD score and food and nutrient intakes.
Transformational Leadership and Incivility: A Multilevel and Longitudinal Test

This research examines group-level perceptions of transformational leadership (TFL) as negative longitudinal predictors of witnessing person-related (e.g., insults/affronts) and work-related (e.g., negation/intentional work overload) acts of incivility at work. Witnessing workplace incivility was also postulated to negatively predict employee need satisfaction. Data were collected among production employees in different Canadian plants of a major manufacturing company (N = 344) who worked for 42 different managers (Mgroup size = 9.76). Two waves of data collection occurred 1 year apart. Results from multilevel analyses showed that workgroups where managers were perceived to engage in more frequent TFL behaviors reported reduced levels of person- and work-related incivility 1 year later. However, group-level incivility did not predict change in group-level need satisfaction 1 year later. At the individual level, results showed that witnessing higher levels of person-related incivility than one’s colleagues predicted reduced satisfaction of the need for relatedness 1 year later. These longitudinal findings build upon previous literature by identifying TFL as a potential managerial strategy to reduce incivility in workgroups over time. They also show that mere exposure to workplace misbehavior still affects employees’ adjustment, suggesting that every effort to reduce deviance in workplaces is worthwhile.
An ant colony optimization approach for solving the nuclear magnetic resonance structure based assignment problem

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy is an important technique that allows determining protein structure in solution. An important problem in protein structure determination using NMR spectroscopy is the mapping of peaks to corresponding amino acids. Structure Based Assignment (SBA) is an approach to solve this problem using a template structure that is homologous to the target. Our previously developed approach NVR-BIP computed the optimal solution for small proteins, but was unable to solve the assignments of large proteins. NVR-TS extended the applicability of the NVR approach for such proteins, however the accuracies varied significantly from run to run. In this paper, we propose NVR-ACO, an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) based approach to this problem. NVRACO is similar to other ACO algorithms in a way that it also consists of three phases: the construction phase, an optional local search phase and a pheromone update phase. But it has some important differences from other ACO algorithms in terms of solution construction and pheromone update functions and convergence rules. We studied the data set used in NVR-BIP and NVR-TS. Our new method finds optimal solutions for small proteins and achieves perfect assignment on EIN and higher accuracy on MBP compared to NVR-TS. It is also more robust.
Modelling of wettability alteration processes in carbonate oil reservoirs

Previous studies have shown that seawater may alter the wettability in the direction of more water-wet conditions in carbonate reservoirs. The reason for this is that ions from the salt (sulphat, magnesium, calsium, etc) can create a wettability alteration toward more water-wet conditions as salt is absorbed on the rock. In order to initiate a more systematic study of this phenomenon a 1-D mathematical model relevant for spontaneous imbibition is formulated. The model represents a core plug on laboratory scale where a general wettability alteration (WA) agent is included. Relative permeability and capillary pressure curves are obtained via interpolation between two sets of curves corresponding to oil-wet and water-wet conditions. This interpolation depends on the adsorption isotherm in such a way that when no adsorption of the WA agent has taken place, oil-wet conditions prevail. However, as the adsorption of this agent takes place, gradually there is a shift towards more water-wet conditions. Hence, the basic mechanism that adsorption of the WA agent is responsible for the wettability alteration, is naturally captured by the model. Conservation of mass of oil, water, and the WA agent, combined with Darcy's law, yield a 2x2 system of coupled parabolic convection-diffusion equations, one equation for the water phase and another for the concentration of the WA agent. The model describes the interactions between gravity and capillarity when initial oil-wet core experiences a wettability alteration towards more water-wet conditions due to the spreading of the WA agent by molecular diffusion. Basic properties of the model are studied by considering a discrete version. Numerical computations are performed to explore the role of molecular diffusion of the WA agent into the core plug, the balance between gravity and capillary forces, and dynamic wettability alteration versus permanent wetting states. In particular, a new and characteristic oil-bank is observed. This is due to incorporation of dynamic wettability alteration and cannot be seen for case with permanent wetting characteristics. More precisely, the phenomenon is caused by a cross-diffusion term appearing in capillary diffusion term.
A Regression-with-Residuals Method for Estimating Controlled Direct Effects

Political scientists are increasingly interested in causal mediation, and to this end, recent studies focus on estimating a quantity called the controlled direct effect (CDE). The CDE measures the strength of the causal relationship between a treatment and outcome when a mediator is fixed at a given value. To estimate the CDE, Joffe and Greene (2009) and Vansteelandt (2009) developed the method of sequential g-estimation, which was introduced to political science by Acharya, Blackwell, and Sen (2016). In this letter, we propose an alternative method called “regression-with-residuals” (RWR) for estimating the CDE. In special cases, we show that these two methods are algebraically equivalent. Yet, unlike sequential g-estimation, RWR can easily accommodate several types of effect moderation, including cases in which the effect of the mediator on the outcome is moderated by a posttreatment confounder. Although common in the social sciences, this type of effect moderation is typically assumed away in applications of sequential g-estimation, which may lead to bias if effect moderation is in fact present. We illustrate RWR by estimating the CDE of negative media framing on public support for immigration, controlling for respondent anxiety.
Design flow and run-time management for compressed FPGA configurations

The aim of partially and dynamically reconfigurable hardware is to provide an increased flexibility through the load of multiple applications on the same reconfigurable fabric at the same time. However, a configuration bit-stream loaded at runtime should be created offline for each task of the application. Moreover, modern applications use a lot of specialized hardware blocks to perform complex operations, which tends to cancel the “single bit-stream for a single application” paradigm, as the logic content for different locations of the reconfigurable fabric may be different. In this paper we propose a design flow for generating compressed configuration bit-streams abstracted from their final position on the logic fabric. Those configurations will then be decoded and finalized in real-time and at run-time by a dedicated reconfiguration controller to be placed at a given physical location. Our experiments show that densely routed applications gain the most with a compression factor of more than 2× using the finest cluster size, but coarser coding can be implemented to achieve a compression factor up to 10×.
ICSV 14 Cairns • Australia 9-12 July , 2007 1 PSYCHOACOUSTIC EVALUATION OF A NEW EARPIECE FOR AUGMENTED-REALITY AUDIO

An augmented-reality audio system ideally provides a means to present virtual auditory space stimuli to a listener, without distorting the listener’s normal spatial hearing. In this work, we conduct a psychoacoustic experiment to evaluate both the virtual and real sound localisation fidelity of an augmented-reality audio system based on acoustically-transparent ear shells. In addition to being acoustically-transparent, the ear shells are comfortable to wear and relatively discrete and thus provide an attractive platform for presenting augmented-reality spatial audio. The results of the sound localisation tests indicate that high-fidelity spatial audio, i.e., spherical correlation coefficient generally greater than 0.87, but with individual variations, can be obtained.
Assembly of a functional 3D primary cardiac construct using magnetic levitation

Easily assembled organotypic co-cultures have long been sought in medical research. In vitro tissue constructs with faithful representation of in vivo tissue characteristics are highly desirable for screening and characteristic assessment of a variety of tissue types. Cardiac tissue analogs are particularly sought after due to the phenotypic degradation and difficulty of culture of primary cardiac myocytes. This study utilized magnetic nanoparticles and primary cardiac myocytes in order to levitate and culture multicellular cardiac aggregates (MCAs). Cells were isolated from 2 day old Sprague Dawley rat hearts and subsequently two groups were incubated with either C 1 : 33 µL nanoshell/million cells or C 2 : 50 µL nanoshell/million cells. Varying numbers of cells for each concentration were cultured in a magnetic field in a 24 well plate and observed over a period of 12 days. Constructs generally formed spherical structures. Masson’s trichrome staining of a construct shows the presence of extracellular matrix protein, indicating the presence of functional fibroblasts. Many constructs exhibited noticeable contraction after 4 days of culture and continued contracting noticeably past day 9 of culture. Noticeable contractility indicates the presence of functional primary cardiac myocytes in culture. Phenotypic conservation of cardiac cells was ascertained using IHC staining by α - actinin and collagen. CD31 and fibrinogen were probed in order to assess localization of fibroblasts and endothelial cells. The study verifies a protocol for the use of magnetic levitation in order to rapidly assemble 3D cardiac like tissue with phenotypic and functional stability.
10 Gene Therapy Challenges in Arthritis

1.1 From systemic to intra-articular gene therapy The first experiments of gene therapy (GT) in arthritis were done in the midnineties. Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory disease responsible for joint inflammation and destruction resulting in an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines production. Moreover, we know that bone destruction is more active than bone regeneration. Therefore, there are different ways of targeting the disease. At the moment, there are three classes of drugs commonly used: 1. Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs), 2. corticoids, 3. Disease Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs (DMARDS). Biotherapies have been used for a decade. These treatments restore the balance of many functions such as the immune system and the bone metabolism. Agents used in biotherapy include recombinant proteins, monoclonal antibodies, growth factors, and vaccines. The efficiency of these treatments depends on the stage of the disease. Serious side effects and infrequent persistent remission are known as drawbacks. Furthermore, the systemic administration of immune regulator can affect several immune responses and trigger infections. The objectives using gene therapy in arthritis are mainly 1) to obtain a therapeutic quantity of therapeutic molecule without side effects, 2) to get a long expression of the therapeutic molecule without multi injections, 3) to target the joint specifically resistant to the usual treatment (Fiocco & Punzi, 2011). Arthritis models are still being used to improve gene therapy strategies: for instance we use induced arthritis models such as collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in mice developing subchronic poly arthritis or adjuvant induced arthritis or spontaneous models such as Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) transgenic mice. Our team who had the first results in 1996 has seen many changes over the years in its approach due to scientific progress. Our first gene therapy experiments used the ex vivo strategy (using autolog transfected cells (immortalized fibroblast from DBA/1 mice) or heterolog transfected cells (xenogenic fibroblasts from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) with plasmid encoding murine IL-4 or IL-13); then the viral vectors experiments were used until the risk of using this methods arose (Bessis et al., 1996). We also used a non viral vector as plasmid (Bloquel et al., 2004, 2007; Saidenberg-Kermanach et al., 2003). Several teams tried
Regulation of Cdc2/Cyclin B Activation in Xenopus Egg Extracts via Inhibitory Phosphorylation of Cdc25C Phosphatase by Ca2+/Calmodium-dependent Kinase II

Activation of Cdc2/cyclin B kinase and entry into mitosis requires dephosphorylation of inhibitory sites on Cdc2 by Cdc25 phosphatase. In vertebrates, Cdc25C is inhibited by phosphorylation at a single site targeted by the checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Cds1/Chk2 in response to DNA damage or replication arrest. In Xenopus early embryos, the inhibitory site on Cdc25C (S287) is also phosphorylated by a distinct protein kinase that may determine the intrinsic timing of the cell cycle. We show that S287-kinase activity is repressed in extracts of unfertilized Xenopus eggs arrested in M phase but is rapidly stimulated upon release into interphase by addition of Ca2+, which mimics fertilization. S287-kinase activity is not dependent on cyclin B degradation or inactivation of Cdc2/cyclin B kinase, indicating a direct mechanism of activation by Ca2+. Indeed, inhibitor studies identify the predominant S287-kinase as Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). CaMKII phosphorylates Cdc25C efficiently on S287 in vitro and, like Chk1, is inhibited by 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) and debromohymenialdisine, compounds that abrogate G2 arrest in somatic cells. CaMKII delays Cdc2/cyclin B activation via phosphorylation of Cdc25C at S287 in egg extracts, indicating that this pathway regulates the timing of mitosis during the early embryonic cell cycle.