Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability assessment of power system using radial basis function neural network and a new feature extraction method

Vulnerability assessment in power systems is important so as to determine how vulnerable a power system in case of any unforeseen catastrophic events. This paper presents the application of Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) for vulnerability assessment of power system incorporating a new proposed feature extraction method named as the Neural Network Weight Extraction (NNWE) for dimensionality reduction of input data. The performance of the RBFNN is compared with the Multi Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) so as to evaluate the effectiveness of the RBFNN in assessing the vulnerability of a power system based on the indices, power system loss and possible loss of load. In this study, vulnerability analysis simulations were carried out on the IEEE 300 bus test system using the Power System Analysis Toolbox and the development of neural network models were implemented in MATLAB version 7. Test results prove that the RBFNN give better vulnerability assessment performance than the multilayer perceptron neural network in terms of accuracy and training time. The proposed feature extraction method decreases the training time drastically from hours to less than seconds, this bound to influence the vulnerability classification and increase the speed of convergence. It is also concluded that the reduction in error is achieved by using PSL as an output variable of ANN, in all the cases the error of RBFNN output by PSL is less than 4.87% which is well within tolerable limits.
The Gentio-Oligosaccharide Gentiobiose Functions in the Modulation of Bud Dormancy in the Herbaceous Perennial Gentiana[C][W]

This study examines the mechanisms regulating dormancy in gentians, a group of alpine perennials that produce overwintering buds. Multivariate analysis of metabolite profiles revealed that gentiobiose, a rare disaccharide, acts as a signal for dormancy release of overwintering buds through the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, a pathway that detoxifies reactive oxygen species. Bud dormancy is an adaptive strategy that perennials use to survive unfavorable conditions. Gentians (Gentiana), popular alpine flowers and ornamentals, produce overwintering buds (OWBs) that can persist through the winter, but the mechanisms regulating dormancy are currently unclear. In this study, we conducted targeted metabolome analysis to obtain clues about the metabolic mechanisms involved in regulating OWB dormancy. Multivariate analysis of metabolite profiles revealed metabolite patterns characteristic of dormant states. The concentrations of gentiobiose [β-d-Glcp-(1→6)-d-Glc] and gentianose [β-d-Glcp-(1→6)-d-Glc-(1→2)-d-Fru] significantly varied depending on the stage of OWB dormancy, and the gentiobiose concentration increased prior to budbreak. Both activation of invertase and inactivation of β-glucosidase resulted in gentiobiose accumulation in ecodormant OWBs, suggesting that gentiobiose is seldom used as an energy source but is involved in signaling pathways. Furthermore, treatment with exogenous gentiobiose induced budbreak in OWBs cultured in vitro, with increased concentrations of sulfur-containing amino acids, GSH, and ascorbate (AsA), as well as increased expression levels of the corresponding genes. Inhibition of GSH synthesis suppressed gentiobiose-induced budbreak accompanied by decreases in GSH and AsA concentrations and redox status. These results indicate that gentiobiose, a rare disaccharide, acts as a signal for dormancy release of gentian OWBs through the AsA-GSH cycle.
The PhlA Hemolysin from the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Photorhabdusluminescens Belongs to the Two-Partner Secretion Family of Hemolysins

ABSTRACT Photorhabdus is an entomopathogenic bacterium symbiotically associated with nematodes of the family Heterorhabditidae. Bacterial hemolysins found in numerous pathogenic bacteria are often virulence factors. We describe here the nucleotide sequence and the molecular characterization of the Photorhabdusluminescens phlBA operon, a locus encoding a hemolysin which shows similarities to the Serratia type of hemolysins. It belongs to the two-partner secretion (TPS) family of proteins. In low-iron conditions, a transcriptional induction of the phlBA operon was observed by using the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene, causing an increase in PhlA hemolytic activity compared to iron-rich media. A spontaneous phase variant of P. luminescens was deregulated in phlBA transcription. The phlA mutant constructed by allelic exchange remained highly pathogenic after injection in the lepidopteran Spodoptera littoralis, indicating that PhlA hemolysin is not a major virulence determinant. Using the gene encoding green fluorescent protein as a reporter, phlBA transcription was observed in hemolymph before insect death. We therefore discuss the possible role of PhlA hemolytic activity in the bacterium-nematode-insect interactions.
An extended Herschel drop-out source in the center of AS1063: a normal dusty galaxy at z=6.1 or SZ substructures?

In the course of our 870 μm APEX/LABOCA follow-up of the Herschel Lensing Survey we have detected a source in AS1063 (RXC J2248.7-4431) that has no counterparts in any of the Herschel PACS/SPIRE bands, it is a Herschel "drop-out" with S870=S500 ≥ 0:5. The 870 μm emission is extended and centered on the brightest cluster galaxy, suggesting either a multiply imaged background source or substructure in the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich increment due to inhomogeneities in the hot cluster gas of this merging cluster. We discuss both interpretations with emphasis on the putative lensed source. Based on the observed properties and on our lens model we find that this source may be the first submillimeter galaxy (SMG) with a moderate far-infrared (FIR) luminosity (LFIR. © ESO 2013.
Age-Related and Situation-Related Social Desirability Responding Among Chinese Teachers

ABSTRACT Social desirability responding (SDR) was affected by situation and age. However, most research is only concerned with overall SDR without considering the separation of impression management and self-deception. The purpose of this article is to explore the possible different effects of age and situation on the different components of SDR. A total of 158 teachers completed the BIDR at a 2 (high vs. low SDR situation) × 2 (20–29 vs. 30–39 years old) between-group experiment. The results of multivariate analyses, with gender and tenure controlled, suggested that the effects of age and situation on the four specific components were mixed. Impression management enhancement (IME) and denial (IMD) were significantly affected by situations. The older group had significantly higher self-deception enhancement (SDE) and IME scores than the younger one. Females had significantly higher IME scores than males. More age stages and the main effect of gender should be considered in the future.
Healing of implants installed in over- or under-prepared sites--an experimental study in dogs.

OBJECTIVE To study bone healing at implants installed with different insertion torques. MATERIAL AND METHODS In six Labrador dogs, all mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted. After 4 months of healing, flaps were elevated, and two implant sites were prepared at each side of the mandible. In the right side of the mandible, the distal sites were prepared conventionally, while the mesial sites were over-prepared by 0.2 mm. As a consequence, a final insertion torque of ~30 Ncm at the distal and a minimal insertion torque close to 0 Ncm at the mesial sites were obtained. In the left sides of the mandible, however, the recipient sites were underprepared by 0.3 mm resulting in an insertion torque of ≥ 70 Ncm at both implants. Cover screws were applied, and flaps sutured to fully submerge the experimental sites. After 4 months, the animals were sacrificed and ground sections obtained for histological evaluation. RESULTS The mineralized bone-to-implant contact was in the range of 55.2-62.1%, displaying the highest value at implants with ~30 Ncm insertion torque and the lowest value at the implant sites with close to 0 Ncm insertion torque. No statistically significant differences were revealed. Bone density was in the range of 43.4-54.9%, yielding the highest value at implants with ≥ 70 Ncm insertion torque and the lowest at the implant sites with close to 0 Ncm insertion torque. The difference between the sites of ~30 Ncm and the corresponding ≥ 70 Ncm insertion torque reached statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Similar amounts of osseointegration were obtained irrespective of the insertion torque applied. Moreover, implants installed in sites with close to 0 Ncm insertion torque may properly osseointegrate as well.
Rehabilitation after critical illness: could a ward-based generic rehabilitation assistant promote recovery?

AIM The aim of this paper is to explore issues surrounding the implementation of a generic rehabilitation assistant (GRA) to provide ward-based rehabilitation after critical illness. BACKGROUND Following critical illness a range of both physical and psychological problems can occur that include muscle wasting and weakness, fatigue, reduced appetite, post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression. Limited research exists evaluating the provision of rehabilitation to this patient group. This paper explores one possible service delivery model providing ward-based rehabilitation after critical illness. The model explored is a GRA working in conjunction with ward-based staff. RESULTS We describe how a GRA worked effectively with ward-based teams to provide additional rehabilitation in the period after discharge from intensive care. Benefits included greater continuity of care that was flexible to the individual needs of patients. Some aspects of the role were challenging for the GRA and highlighted the need for good communication skills. A need for comprehensive training of the GRA was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Our experience demonstrates that it is feasible to deliver ward-based rehabilitation after critical illness using the GRA service delivery model. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This model of service delivery offers the potential to improve outcomes for patients after a critical illness. Further research evaluating this model of care is required before implementation into clinical practice.
Bitwise Bell-inequality violations for an entangled state involving 2N ions

Following on from previous work [J.-A. Larsson, Phys. Rev. A 67, 022108 (2003)], Bell inequalities based on correlations between binary digits are considered for a particular entangled state involving 2N trapped ions. These inequalities involve applying displacement operations to half of the ions and then measuring correlations between pairs of corresponding bits in the binary representations of the number of center-of-mass phonons of N particular ions. It is shown that the state violates the inequalities and thus displays nonclassical correlations. It is also demonstrated that it violates a Bell inequality when the displacements are replaced by squeezing operations.
Comparison of children’s free-living physical activity derived from wrist and hip raw accelerations during the segmented week

ABSTRACT This study assessed children’s physical activity (PA) levels derived from wrist-worn GENEActiv and hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers and examined the comparability of PA levels between the two devices throughout the segmented week. One hundred and twenty-nine 9–10-year-old children (79 girls) wore a GENEActiv (GAwrist) and ActiGraph GT3X+ (AGhip) accelerometer on the left wrist and right hip, respectively, for 7 days. Mean minutes of light PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) per weekday (whole-day, before-school, school and after-school) and weekend day (whole-day, morning and afternoon–evening) segments were calculated, and expressed as percentage of segment time. Repeated measures analysis of variance examined differences in LPA and MVPA between GAwrist and AGhip for each time segment. Bland–Altman plots assessed between-device agreement for LPA and MVPA for whole weekday and whole weekend day segments. Correlations between GAwrist and AGhip were weak for LPA (r = 0.18–0.28), but strong for MVPA (r = 0.80–0.86). LPA and MVPA levels during all weekday and weekend day segments were significantly higher for GAwrist than AGhip (p < 0.001). The largest inter-device percent difference of 26% was observed in LPA during the school day segment. Our data suggest that correction factors are needed to improve raw PA level comparability between GAwrist and AGhip.
Um estudo comparativo de modelos baseados em estatísticas textuais, grafos e aprendizado de máquina para sumarização automática de textos em português

A tarefa de Sumarizacao Automatica de textos tem sido de grande importância dentro da area de Processamento de Linguagem Natural devido a necessidade de se processar gigantescos volumes de informacao disponibilizados nos diversos meios de comunicacao. Assim, mecanismos em larga escala para sintetizar e facilitar o acesso a essas informacoes sao de extrema importância. Esses mecanismos visam a preservacao do conteudo mais relevante e com pouca ou nenhuma intervencao humana. Partindo do sumarizador extrativo SuPor e contemplando o Portugues, este trabalho de mestrado visou explorar variadas caracteristicas de sumarizacao pela utilizacao de metodos computacionais baseados em estatisticas textuais, grafos e aprendizado de maquina. Esta exploracao consistiu de uma extensao significativa do SuPor, pela definicao de novos modelos baseados nessas tres abordagens de forma individual ou hibrida. Por serem originarios desse sistema, manteve-se a relacao com seu nome, o que resultou na denominacao generica SuPor-2. Os diversos modelos propostos foram, entao, comparados entre si em diversos experimentos, avaliando-se intrinseca e automaticamente a informatividade dos extratos produzidos. Foram realizadas tambem comparacoes com outros sistemas conhecidos para o Portugues. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam uma melhora expressiva de algumas variacoes do SuPor-2 em relacao aos demais sumarizadores extrativos existentes para o Portugues. Os sistemas que se evidenciaram superiores podem ser disponibilizados no futuro para utilizacao geral por usuarios comuns ou ainda para utilizacao como ferramentas em outras tarefas do Processamento de Lingua Natural ou em areas relacionadas. A portabilidade para outras linguas e possivel com a substituicao dos recursos dependentes de lingua, como lexico, etiquetadores morfossintaticos e stoplist Os modelos supervisionados foram treinados com textos jornalisticos ate o momento. O treino para outros generos pode ser feito pelos usuarios interessados atraves dos proprios sistemas desenvolvidos
Assignment of the human gene for the sarcomeric M-band protein myomesin (MYOM1) to 18p11.31-p11.32.

Kcnk4–1.7 6 1.0–Adra2c. Additional comments: We have compared our interspecific map of chromosome 5 with a composite mouse linkage map that reports the map locations of many uncloned mouse mutations (provided from the Mouse Genome Database, a computerized database maintained at The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME). Kcnk4 mapped in a region of the composite map that lacks mouse mutations with a phenotype that might be expected for an alteration in this locus (data not shown). Homologies: The proximal region of mouse chromosome 5 shares regions of homology with human chromosomes 7p, 2p, 18p, and 4p, suggesting that the human homologue of Kcnk4 will map to one of these human chromosomes.
Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Recombinant Guinea Pig Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine which plays opposing roles in the context of infectious disease pathogenesis. TNF-α is essential for the development of a protective immune response to some pathogens, for example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by synergizing with other cytokines. However, exorbitant or uncontrolled TNF-α activity may also drive pathology and disease symptoms in many infectious diseases. In order to elucidate the beneficial and detrimental roles of TNF-α in tuberculosis (TB) and other diseases for which the guinea pig is the small animal model of choice, recombinant guinea pig (rgp)TNF-α has been produced using prokaryotic expression systems. However, it is unknown whether posttranslational modifications which cannot be made in the prokaryotic expression systems may be important for rgpTNF-α structure and function. Therefore, we carried out a comparative study by expressing rgpTNF-α in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems and analyzed the eukaryotic-expressed rgpTNF-α for the presence of posttranslational modifications by subjecting it to NanoLC-MS/MS. We conclude that the eukaryotic-expressed rgpTNF-α lacks posttranslational modifications, and we found no significant difference in terms of the biological activity between prokaryotic- and eukaryotic-expressed rgpTNF-α. Taken together, results from our study show that a prokaryotic expression system can be used for generating large amounts of rgpTNF-α without concern for the biological integrity.
Erythropoietin facilitates resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation by signaling protection of mitochondrial bioenergetic function in rats.

OBJECTIVE We previously reported beneficial myocardial effects during chest compression after administration of high-dose erythropoietin. We hypothesized that erythropoietin also elicits post-resuscitation myocardial benefits partly linked to protection of mitochondrial bioenergetic function. METHODS Two series of 10 rats each underwent ventricular fibrillation for 10 minutes (series-1) and 8 minutes (series-2) and were randomized to erythropoietin (5,000 U/kg) or 0.9% NaCl before chest compression. Dobutamine was infused post-resuscitation in series-2 harvesting their hearts at 120 minutes. RESULTS During chest compression, a statistically insignificant trend showing progressively higher coronary perfusion pressure in the erythropoietin group was observed consistent with previously reported preservation of left ventricular distensibility. Post-resuscitation, in the absence of dobutamine (series-1) erythropoietin failed to improve post-resuscitation myocardial function or survival; in the presence of dobutamine (series-2) all rats survived and those treated with erythropoietin reversed post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction yielding higher cardiac work index (CWI; 39±3 vs 25±10 mmHg·ml/kg, p<0.01) and higher mean aortic pressure (MAP; 99±4 vs 83±16, p<0.01) at 120 minutes post-resuscitation. Better myocardial function was associated with lesser increases in plasma cytochrome c, attaining levels which inversely correlated with CWI (p=0.026) and MAP (p=0.025). Hearts from erythropoietin-treated rats had higher phosphorylation levels of cytosolic Akt and higher phosphorylation levels of cytosolic and mitochondrial PKCε and maintained cytochrome c oxidase activity. CONCLUSION Erythropoietin activated mitochondrial protective mechanisms that helped maintain bioenergetic function enabling reversal of post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in the presence of dobutamine.
Probing the regulation of TASK potassium channels by PI(4,5)P2 with switchable phosphoinositide phosphatases

Non‐technical summary The electrical activity of nerve cells is produced by the flux of ions through specialized membrane proteins called ion channels. Some ion channels can be regulated by the signalling lipid PIP2, a component of the channels’ membrane environment. Here we examine the relevance of PIP2 for the regulation of one specific channel type, termed TASK. Many chemical transmitters in the brain change neural activity by shutting off TASK channels and it has been suggested that this results from reduction of PIP2. By using novel techniques to alter the concentration of PIP2 in living cells, we find that the activity of TASK is independent of PIP2. Besides demonstrating that another signalling mechanism must control the activity of nerve cells via TASK inhibition, we delineate a general approach for clarifying the relevance of PIP2 in many cell types and organs.
The DNA damage response—Repair or despair?

The term “the DNA damage response” (DDR) encompasses a sophisticated array of cellular initiatives set in motion as cells are exposed to DNA‐damaging events. It has been known for over half a century that all organisms have the ability to restore genomic integrity through DNA repair. More recent discoveries of signal transduction pathways linking DNA damage to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis have greatly expanded our views of how cells and tissues limit mutagenesis and tumorigenesis. DNA repair not only plays a pivotal role in suppressing mutagenesis but also in the reversal of signals inducing the stress response. If repair is faulty or the cell is overwhelmed by damage, chances are that the cell will despair and be removed by apoptosis. This final fate is determined by intricate cellular dosimeters that are yet to be fully understood. Here, key findings leading to our current view of DDR are discussed as well as potential areas of importance for future studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microbe–dendritic cell dialog controls regulatory T‐cell fate

Each microenvironment is controlled by a specific set of regulatory elements that have to be finely and constantly tuned to maintain local homeostasis. These environments could be site specific, such as the gut environment, or induced by chronic exposure to microbes. Various populations of dendritic cells are central to the orchestration of this control. In this review, we discuss some new findings associating dendritic cells from defined compartments with the induction and control of regulatory T cells in the context of exposure to both commensal and pathogenic microbes.
Vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Thrombocytopenia a marker

Background: Symptomatic vasospasm (SV) is often seen after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The pathophysiology suggests that platelets initiate the process and are consumed. This is likely to result in thrombocytopenia. The objective of this study was to find out if thrombocytopenia preceded or followed SV and to analyze the relationship between the two. Materials and Methods: The platelet counts of 74 patients were studied on day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14 following aSAH. Clinical symptoms and raised velocities on transcranial Doppler were studied on the same days to determine SV. The relationship of platelet counts and SV were analyzed. Results: Thirty-nine (52.7%) patients developed SV. Platelet counts dropped on postictal day (PID) 3-7 and SV was commonly seen on PID 5-9. The median platelet counts were significantly lower in patients with SV when compared to those without SV. Platelet count <150,000/mm3 on PID 1 and 7 had statistically significant association (P < 0.001) with SV. The odds ratio was 5.1, 6.9, and 5.1 on PID 5, 7, and 9, respectively, for patients with relative thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001). Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between thrombocytopenia and SV. A platelet count < 150,000/mm3 on PID 1 and 7 predicts presence of SV. The relative risk of developing SV is >5 times for a patient with relative thrombocytopenia especially on PID 5-9. Additionally, it appears that thrombocytopenia precedes vasospasm and may be an independent predictor. However, this requires further studies for validation.