Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resolution for Quantified Boolean Formulas

A complete and sound resolution operation directly applicable to the quantified Boolean formulas is presented. If we restrict the resolution to unit resolution, then the completeness and soundness for extended quantified Horn formulas is shown. We prove that the truth of a quantified Horn formula can be decided in O(rn) time, where n is the length of the formula and r is the number of universal variables, whereas in contrast the evaluation problem for extended quantified Horn formulas is coNP-complete for formulas with prefix ? Further, we show that the resolution is exponential for extended quantified Horn formulas.
Projeto, prototipo e testes "in vitro" e "in vivo" de um novo modelo de coração artificial total (TAH) por principio eletro-mecanico de funcionamento

Um novo modelo de coracao artificial total (TAH) foi desenvolvido e testado. O acionamento Eletro-Mecânico foi escolhido para possibilitar que este dispositivo seja totalmente implantavel. Foi desenvolvido um novo sistema de controle e de sensoriamento para o TAH. A tecnologia de biolizacao foi aperfeicoada e aplicada pela primeira vez em um TAH Eletro-Mecânico. O TAH desenvolvido consiste em uma bomba de sangue pulsatil de corpo unico, composta de duas câmaras de bombeamento. Possui um corpo central onde e acondicionado um motor de corrente continua tipo sem escovas. O movimento de rotacao do motor e transformado em deslocamento axial atraves de um atuador mecânico denominado parafuso de roletes. Com o deslocamento do parafuso de roletes e obtida ejecao alternada das câmaras de bombeamento em substituicao a funcao de bombeamento cardiaco. Foram realizados diversos testes de desempenho hidrodinâmico, de visualizacao do fluxo e testes de hemolise com o novo modelo de TAH e sistema de controle, utilizando um simulador do sistema circulatorio humano. Nos testes "In Vitro", o TAH demostrou um desempenho hidrodinâmico satisfatorio, com um sistema de operacao simples e eficiente, mantendo as pressoes estaveis em diversas condicoes de funcionamento, e baixos indices hemoliticos para todas as velocidades do motor estudadas. Foram, tambem, realizados testes "In Vivo", em bezerros, para demonstrar a compatibilidade anatomica do TAH, assim como, comprovar suas caracteristicas hemodinâmicas e sua estabilidade no controle das pressoes fisiologicas. Durante os testes "In Vivo" foram monitoradas diversas variaveis, tais como: frequencia de batimento, velocidade e direcao do motor (deslocamento dos diafragmas), pressoes sanguineas, ECO atrial, corrente e tensao eletrica, frequencia respiratoria, temperatura corporea, exames periodicos de urina e sangue. O TAH funcionou sem qualquer falha eletrica ou mecânica. A situacao hemodinâmica dos animais foi mantida estavel, mantendo o debito cardiaco e as respectivas pressoes em niveis fisiologicos. Os resultados satisfatorios, obtidos nestes experimentos, se devem a uma aplicacao coerente dos conhecimentos multidisciplinares necessarios nesta nova tecnologia Abstract
Multihospital Outbreak of Clostridium difficile Ribotype 027 Infection: Epidemiology and Analysis of Control Measures

Objective. To report a large outbreak of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI; ribotype 027) between June 2007 and August 2008, describe infection control measures, and evaluate the impact of restricting the use of fluoroquinolones in controlling the outbreak. Design. Outbreak investigation in 3 acute care hospitals of the Northern Health and Social Care Trust in Northern Ireland. Interventions. Implementation of a series of CDI control measures that targeted high-risk antibiotic agents (ie, restriction of fluoroquinolones), infection control practices, and environmental hygiene. Results. A total of 318 cases of CDI were identified during the outbreak, which was the result of the interaction between C. difficile ribotype 027 being introduced into the affected hospitals for the first time and other predisposing risk factors (ranging from host factors to suboptimal compliance with antibiotic guidelines and infection control policies). The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was 24.5%; however, CDI was the attributable cause of death for only 2.5% of the infected patients. Time series analysis showed that restricting the use of fluoroquinolones was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of CDI (coefficient, —0.054; lag time, 4 months; P = .003). Conclusion. These findings provide additional evidence to support the value of antimicrobial stewardship as an essential element of multifaceted interventions to control CDI outbreaks. The present CDI outbreak was ended following the implementation of an action plan improving communication, antibiotic stewardship, infection control practices, environmental hygiene, and surveillance.
Temporal decorrelation analysis at P band over tropical forest

The TropiSAR campaign was conducted in French Guiana in the summer 2009 in the framework of the Phase A studies pertaining to the BIOMASS mission, one of the three for Earth Explorer candidates. Its main objectives were the evaluation of P-Band radar imaging over tropical forests for biomass and forest height estimation. Over two main forest sites, Paracou and Nouragues, a temporal decorrelation analysis is done in order to evaluate the performance of the PolInSAR technique in a single-satellite configuration. The interferometric coherence is observed to stay high after 22 days over the Paracou site, while presenting larger decorrelation over the Nouragues area, a more rugged area.
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Differential Protein Expression by Bacillus cereus during Biofilm Formation

ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus, a dairy-associated toxigenic bacterium, readily forms biofilms on various surfaces and was used to gain a better understanding of biofilm development by gram-positive aerobic rods. B. cereus DL5 was shown to readily adapt to an attached mode of growth, with dense biofilm structures developing within 18 h after inoculation when glass wool was used as a surface. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) revealed distinct and reproducible phenotypic differences between 2- and 18-h-old biofilm and planktonic cells (grown both in the presence and in the absence of glass wool). Whereas the 2-h-old biofilm proteome indicated expression of 15 unique proteins, the 18-h-old biofilm proteome contained 7 uniquely expressed proteins. Differences between the microcolony (2-h) proteome and the more developed biofilm (18-h) proteome were largely due to up- and down-regulation of the expression of a multitude of proteins. Selected protein spots excised from 2DE gels were subjected to N-terminal sequencing and identified with high confidence. Among the proteins were catabolic ornithine carbamoyltransferase and l-lactate dehydrogenase. Interestingly, increased levels of YhbH, a member of the sigma 54 modulation protein family which is strongly induced in response to environmental stresses and energy depletion via both σB and σH, could be observed within 2 h in both attached cells and planktonic cultures growing in the presence of glass wool, indicating that this protein plays an important role in regulation of the biofilm phenotype. Distinct band differences were also found between the extracellular proteins of 18-h-old cultures grown in the presence and in the absence of glass wool.
Elevated circulating adiponectin and elevated insulin sensitivity in adiponectin transgenic mice are not associated with reduced susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis

Obesity, particularly visceral adiposity, is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and this is thought to result, at least in part, from insulin resistance and chronic hyperinsulinemia that may be mediated by adipokines. Serum levels of adiponectin, the most abundant protein secreted from adipocytes, are decreased in obesity and are inversely associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. The objective of this study was to determine whether elevated circulating adiponectin plays a role in colon carcinogenesis using adiponectin transgenic (AdTg) mice that have 2–3‐fold elevated circulating adiponectin but similar body weights as wildtype (WT) littermates used as controls. Eight‐week old male and female AdTg and WT mice were treated with 4 weekly injections of the colon‐specific carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM). One week following the last dose of AOM, all mice were placed on a high‐fat diet and killed 24 weeks later, at 36 weeks of age, for the analysis of colon tumors. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were performed by injecting 2g/kg dextrose or 1.25–1.5 g/kg dextrose into all 12‐week and 32–35‐week‐old mice respectively, and measuring blood from the tail vein 15, 30, 60 and 120 min following glucose administration. There were no significant differences in colon tumor incidence, number or size between AdTg and WT mice of either sex. AdTg mice of both sexes displayed resistance to diet‐induced decreases in insulin sensitivity. Our results show that constitutively elevated levels of circulating adiponectin in AdTg mice do not confer protection against the development of colon tumors. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Cytosolic Inhibitor of Human Neutrophil Elastase and Cathepsin G

The neutrophil serine proteinases elastase and cathepsin G produce connective tissue injury, the extent of which depends on the balance between these enzymes and their inhibitors. The most important of these inhibitors is α1‐proteinase inhibitor, a member of a superfamily of homologous proteins known as serpins. Neutrophil cytosol inhibited the activities of human neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G in a dose‐dependent fashion. To demonstrate formation of an enzyme‐inhibitor complex, we combined 125l‐elastase or 125l‐cathepsin G with neutrophil cytosol or α1‐proteinase inhibitor and analyzed the products by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Unbound elastase and cathepsin G each migrated to an apparent molecular weight of 25 kDa. In the presence of cytosol from neutrophils both radiolabeled enzymes migrated with a relative size of 68 kDa, whereas in the presence of α1‐proteinase inhibitor the relative size was 85 kDa. Enzyme‐inhibitor complexes were stable in sodium dodecyl sulfate at 100° but were dissociated by hydrolysis in ammonium hydroxide (1.5 mol/L) at 37°. Formation of each complex was prevented by pretreatment of elastase or cathepsin G with diisopropylfluorophosphate, indicating that the inhibitor binds to the active site of the enzyme. Exposure of either α1‐proteinase inhibitor or neutrophil cytosol to the myeloperoxidase‐H2O2‐halide system prevented complex formation, suggesting the presence of an oxidizable amino acid at the binding site of the inhibitor. By electrophoretic analysis, the molecular weight of the cytosolic inhibitor was 43 kDa and neutrophils contained approximately 1 attomol of inhibitor per cell. The isoelectric points of the elastase and cathepsin G inhibitor were 5.5–5.9 and inhibitors of the two proteinases coeluted using size exclusion chromatography. These data demonstrate that human neutrophil cytosol contains a single serpin‐like protein that inhibits elastase and cathepsin G. The inhibitor may be important in protecting the intracellular environment from proteolytic injury during degranulation.
P2Y12 receptor‐mediated integrin‐β1 activation regulates microglial process extension induced by ATP

Microglia are the primary immune surveillance cells in the brain, and when activated they play critical roles in inflammatory reactions and tissue repair in the damaged brain. Microglia rapidly extend their processes toward the damaged areas in response to stimulation of the metabotropic ATP receptor P2Y12 by ATP released from damaged tissue. This chemotactic response is a highly important step that enables microglia to function properly at normal and pathological sites in the brain. To investigate the molecular pathways that underlie microglial process extension, we developed a novel method of modeling microglial process extension that uses transwell chambers in which the insert membrane is coated with collagen gel. In this study, we showed that ATP increased microglial adhesion to collagen gel, and that the ATP‐induced process extension and increase in microglial adhesion were inhibited by integrin blocking peptides, RGD, and a functional blocking antibody against integrin‐β1. An immunoprecipitation analysis with an antibody against the active form of integrin‐β1 showed that P2Y12 mediated the integrin‐β1 activation by ATP. In addition, time‐lapse imaging of EGFP‐labeled microglia in mice hippocampal slices showed that RGD inhibited the directional process extension toward the nucleotide source, and immunohistochemical staining showed that integrin‐β1 accumulated in the tips of the microglial processes in rat hippocampal slices stimulated with ADP. These findings indicate that ATP induces the integrin‐β1 activation in microglia through P2Y12 and suggest that the integrin‐β1 activation is involved in the directional process extension by microglia in brain tissue. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Historical overview of the McGill Baffin program, 1964–1997

As the 1996 Canadian recipient of the J.A. Hildes Medal in Circumpolar Health, I wouldlike to document for this journal an overviewof the contributions of McGill Universityduring the second half of the 20th century tothe delivery of health care to the Inuit living inthe Eastern Canadian Arctic – the Baffin Zone, Northwest Territories (NWT). McGill Universityis the oldest university in Canada. It wasestablished as a college in 1819 and conferredits first degree as a university, a medical degree, in 1833. The university is a leader in Canada formedical education and research and is recognizedregionally, nationally and internationallyas a center of excellence. Its contributions toCanadian northern studies over the years arevaried, extensive and significant.
Remote Sensing of Forest Fire Severity and Vegetation Recovery

Burned forested areas have patterns of varying burn severity as a consequence of various topographic, vegetation, and meteorological factors. These patterns are detected and mapped using satellite data. Other ecological information can be abstracted from satellite data regarding rates of recovery of vegetation foliage and variation of burn severity on different vegetation types. Middle infrared wavelengths are useful for burn severity mapping because the land cover changes associated with burning increase reflectance in this part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Simple stratification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data define varying classes of burn severity because of changes in canopy cover, biomass removal, and soil chemical composition. Reasonable maps of burn severity are produced when the class limits of burn severity reflectance are applied to the entire satellite data. Changes in satellite reflectance over multiple years reveal the dynamics of vegetation and fire severity as low burn areas have lower changes in reflectance relative to high burn areas. This results as a consequence of how much the site was altered due to the burn and how much space is available for vegetation recovery. Analysis of change in reflectance across steppe, riparian, and forested vegetation types indicate that fires potentially increase biomass in steppe areas, while riparian and forested areas are slower to regrow to pre-fire conditions. This satellite-based technology is useful for mapping severely burned areas by exploring the ecological manifestations before and after fire.
A sequential monte-carlo kalman filter based frequency offset and channel estimation method in the MIMO-OFDM system

We propose a new frequency offset and channel estimation algorithm for a MIMO-OFDM system. To estimate a frequency offset which enter the observation function in a nonlinear manner, we propose to use a sequential Monte- Carlo (SMC) filter which incorporates the extended Kalman filter (EKF) to generate frequency offset samples. To reduce its complexity, sequential importance sampling is used in the SMC filter. In the MIMO-OFDM system, the initial estimate for offsets and channels are obtained using one training symbol. In the remaining OFDM symbol intervals, the MIMO data detection algorithm is jointly employed to detect the transmitted data symbols. The MIMO data detector and SMC channel/frequency offset estimator are finally combined in a joint decision-directed algorithm.
First Report of Bacteremia by Asaia bogorensis, in a Patient with a History of Intravenous-Drug Abuse

ABSTRACT We report the first documented case of bacteremia caused by Asaia bogorensis in a young patient with a history of intravenous-drug abuse. A. bogorensis was identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The isolate was exceptionally resistant to almost all antibiotics that are routinely tested for gram-negative rods but was susceptible to netilmicin, gentamicin, and doxycycline.
Teori strukturisasi : dasar-dasar pembentukan struktur sosial masyarakat

Hadirnya buku Teori Strukturasi; Dasar-dasar Pembentukan Struktur Sosial Masyarakat ini hasil terjemahan The Constitution of Society adalah kontribusi terbesar Giddens yang ditulisnya pada tahun 1984. Melalui buku inilah pemikiran terpenting Giddens terlacak. Konsepsi yang kita kenal sebagai strukturasi. Ia melihat bahwa kajian ilmu sosial selalu berada pada dua kutub besar. Pandangan klasik melihat bahwa struktur (pandangan makro) adalah yang lebih berperan dibandingkan dengan individu (pandangan mikro), yang ia sebut agen. Cukup lama kedua kutub pemikiran tersebut meraja dalam ilmu sosial. Giddens mengambil “jalan tengah” dan menunjukkan bahwa yang terpenting bukanlah agen ataupun struktur, melainkan interaksi keduanya. Inilah yang ia sebut dengan nama strukturasi. Melalui konsepsinya ini, Giddens menerabas hutan belantara teori sosial. Pohon-pohon di dalam rimba yang coba “dilampaui” oleh Giddens adalah fungsionalisme, interaksionisme, strukturalisme, post-strukturalisme, dan post-modernisme. Selain itu, melalui strukturasi, Giddens juga menunjukkan makna dualitas. Biasanya di dalam ilmu sosial, dua elemen hadir untuk saling “meniadakan” satu sama lain. Ini dikenal sebagai dualisme. Giddens kemudian membedakannya dengan melansir konsep dualitas, yaitu karakter dari dua elemen yang “menyatu” adalah saling melengkapi. Salah satu ada karena yang lain ada.
Crystal structure of a putative NADPH‐dependent oxidoreductase (GI: 18204011) from mouse at 2.10 Å resolution

Inna Levin, Robert Schwarzenbacher, Daniel McMullan, Polat Abdubek, Eileen Ambing, Tanya Biorac, Jamison Cambell, Jaume M. Canaves, Hsiu-Ju Chiu, Xiaoping Dai, Ashley M. Deacon, Michael DiDonato, Marc-André Elsliger, Adam Godzik, Carina Grittini, Slawomir K. Grzechnik, Eric Hampton, Lukasz Jaroszewski, Cathy Karlak, Heath E. Klock, Eric Koesema, Andreas Kreusch, Peter Kuhn, Scott A. Lesley, Timothy M. McPhillips, Mitchell D. Miller, Andrew Morse, Kin Moy, Jie Ouyang, Rebecca Page, Kevin Quijano, Ron Reyes, Alyssa Robb, Eric Sims, Glen Spraggon, Raymond C. Stevens, Henry van den Bedem, Jeff Velasquez, Juli Vincent, Frank von Delft, Xianhong Wang, Bill West, Guenter Wolf, Qingping Xu, Keith O. Hodgson, John Wooley, and Ian A. Wilson* The Joint Center for Structural Genomics, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California The San Diego Supercomputer Center, La Jolla, California The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California The University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
Improving image generative models with human interactions

GANs provide a framework for training generative models which mimic a data distribution. However, in many cases we wish to train a generative model to optimize some auxiliary objective function within the data it generates, such as making more aesthetically pleasing images. In some cases, these objective functions are difficult to evaluate, e.g. they may require human interaction. Here, we develop a system for efficiently training a GAN to increase a generic rate of positive user interactions, for example aesthetic ratings. To do this, we build a model of human behavior in the targeted domain from a relatively small set of interactions, and then use this behavioral model as an auxiliary loss function to improve the generative model. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that this system is successful at improving positive interaction rates simulated from a variety of objectives, and characterize s
Expression of TGF-β Signaling Regulator RBPMS (RNA-Binding Protein With Multiple Splicing) Is Regulated by IL-1β and TGF-β Superfamily Members, and Decreased in Aged and Osteoarthritic Cartilage

Objective RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS) has been shown to physically interact with Smads and enhance transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)–mediated Smad2/3 transcriptional activity in mammalian cells. Objective of this study was to examine whether expression of RBPMS is regulated by interleukin-1β (IL)-1β and TGF-β superfamily growth factors and whether expression of RBPMS is altered during aging and experimental osteoarthritis. Methods Expression of RBPMS protein was investigated in chondrocyte cell lines of murine (H4) and human (G6) origin using Western blot analysis. Regulation of RBPMS expression in H4 chondrocytes at mRNA level was done by reverse transcriptase–quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, characterization of Smad signaling pathways regulating RBPMS expression was performed by blocking studies using small molecule inhibitors or by transfection studies with adenoviral vector constructs (constitutive-active ALK1 and constitutive-active ALK5). Expression of RBPMS in cartilage of different age groups of C57BL/6N mice (6 months and 20 months) and in a surgically induced osteoarthritis (OA) mouse model was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Results RBPMS was shown to be expressed in chondrocytes and cartilage of murine, human, and bovine origin. TGF-β inhibited RBPMS expression while BMP2 and IL-1β increased its expression. TGF-β-induced inhibition was blocked by ALK5 inhibitor. Overexpression of ca-ALK1 stimulated RBPMS expression. Moreover, RBPMS expression was found to be reduced with ageing and in OA pathogenesis. Conclusions Expression of RBPMS in chondrocytes is regulated by TGF-β superfamily members and IL-1β, indicating a counter-regulatory mechanism. Expression of RBPMS, in cartilage and its reduction during ageing and OA might suggest its potential role in the maintenance of normal articular cartilage.
Efficiency of Health Care System in India: An Inter-State Analysis using DEA Approach

Since independence a massive personnel and public health infrastructure has been created in India. However, there is no competition and hardly any choice to the poor patients resulting in poor quality services leading to allocative and technical inefficiencies. This study uses the data envelopment analysis model to assess and compare the efficiency of health system within various states of India. It shows the inadequacy of health infrastructure and manpower in the inefficient states where poor people are concentrated. Among the determinants of efficiency female literacy, poverty level, institutional delivery, and full immunization of children are proved to be important factors in explaining efficiency of health system in India.
Semantic preserving embeddings for multi-relational graphs

In this paper a new machine learning approach to the study of Multi-Relational Graphs as semantic data structures is presented. It shows how vector representations that maintain semantic and topological features of the original data can be obtained from neural encoding architectures and considering the topological properties of the graph. Also, semantic features of these new representations are tested by using some machine learning tasks and new directions on efficient link discovery methodologies on large relational datasets are investigated.