Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LETHE: Saturation-Based Reasoning for Non-Standard Reasoning Tasks

We present the saturation-based reasoning system Lethe. Lethe is a tool that can be used for uniform interpolation, forgetting, TBox abduction and logical di(cid:27)erence. To solve these problems, Lethe uses saturation-based reasoning to eliminate certain symbols from an ontology, such that entailments in the remaining vocabulary are preserved. This is known as forgetting or uniform interpolation. Lethe is an implementation of our forgetting methods for various expressive description logics, and can be used as a Java library and as a standalone tool for the mentioned reasoning tasks. We give a high level description of the calculi used by Lethe , describe the reasoning algorithm implemented in Lethe , and give an evaluation of the system on realistic ontologies.
Which Object Comes Next? Grounded Order Completion by a Humanoid Robot

Abstract This paper describes a framework that a robot can use to complete the ordering of a set of objects. Given two sets of objects, an ordered set and an unordered set, the robot’s task is to select one object from the unordered set that best completes the ordering in the ordered set. In our experiments, the robot interacted with each object using a set of exploratory behaviors, while recording feedback from two sensory modalities (audio and proprioception). For each behavior and modality combination, the robot used the feedback sequence to estimate the perceptual distance for every pair of objects. The estimated object distance features were subsequently used to solve ordering tasks. The framework was tested on object completion tasks in which the objects varied by weight, compliance, and height. The robot was able to solve all of these tasks with a high degree of accuracy.
Propidium iodide as an indicator of Giardia cyst viability

The use of propidium iodide, whose uptake indicates cell death or damage, was investigated to assess the viability of heat-inactivated and chemically inactivated Giardia muris cysts. This was done by comparing propidium iodide staining with excystation. We first determined that propidium iodide could be used with an immunofluorescence detection procedure by showing that the percentages of Giardia lamblia cysts stained with this dye before and after subjecting them to a fluorescence detection method were similar. G. muris cysts were then exposed to heat (56 degrees C), 0.5 to 4 mg of chlorine per liter (pH 7.0, 5 degrees C), 0.1 to 10 mg of a quaternary ammonium compound per liter, or 2 mg of preformed and forming monochloramine per liter (pH 7.2, 18 to 20 degrees C). A good positive correlation between percent propidium iodide-stained cysts and lack of excystation was demonstrated for G. muris cysts exposed either to heat or to the quaternary ammonium compound. However, no significant correlation between absence of excystation and propidium iodide staining was found for cysts exposed to chlorine or monochloramines. These results demonstrate that the propidium iodide staining procedure is not satisfactory for determining the viability of G. muris cysts exposed to these two commonly used drinking water disinfectants.
Kinematic profiling in object location and line drawing tasks by visuo-spatial neglect subjects

rehabilitation. Aims were troke and to evaluate whether any impro We wanted to est a method for assessing visuospatial neglect. e hundred and six subjects participated in four different studi ect experim paper I, a single-subj five hemipare consisted of playing a three-dimensional computer game. Paper II was explorative and was intended to acquire normative data. Fifty-eight healthy subjects performed three-dimensional hand movements in a virtual environment using two types of handgrip postures, i.e. pen grip and cylinder grip. Paper III used a pre/post-test design with comparison with a control population. The rationale was to place a VR system in a no whether playing three-dimensional computer games would improve upper extremity motor function. The intervention involved 11 stroke subjects who received extra computer training in addition to their current activities. The control group was comprised of 11 stroke subjects who continued their usual rehabilitation (no extra computer training) during this period. An additional group of 11 right-handed aged matched individuals served as reference subjects. Paper IV was explorative with comparisons with traditional neglect tests. Eight subjects with right hemisphere brain damage and eight healthy controls were included. Four stroke subjects had visuospatial neglect and four had recovered clinically from initial symptoms of visuospatial neglect. The performance of the stroke subjects was compared with that of a reference group consisting of eight subjects with no history of neurological deficits. Results: All studies demonstrate that this VR application can provide a quantitative analysis of hand movements. In paper I, improvements in time (extension), velocity and hand trajectory (hand path ratio) for all subjects was noted. One subject improved in occupational performance, i.e. improvement reflected in activities of daily living. In paper II, we established normative kinematic values. The test-retest for the two different handgrips between two test occasions showed a high reliability for the healthy subject for the kinematic variables. There was a training effect between the first test occasion and the third test occasion. Paper III is consistent with Paper I, but the results have extended these showing that virtual rehabilitation can be beneficial not only to younger participants but also to elderly people in terms of enhancing their motor performance. In Paper IV we showed that the visuospatial neglect test gave additional information compared to traditional tests. Both the subjects with neglect and the subjects clinically recovered from neglect showed aberrant search performance in the cancellation task in the virtual environment, such as mixed search pattern, repeated target pressures and deviating hand movements. Conclusion: The VR upper extremity tests take less than a minute to complete and produce objective kinematic data. The general experience using the VR application approach suggests that this intervention concept is promising in stroke rehabilitation, with a wide range of applicability.
Walking without thinking about it

We demonstrate in this paper our motion generation sheme for the generation of stable bipedal walking motions and we expand it to enhance its flexibility and independency. An algorithm for the control of appropriate orientations of the feet and the trunk permits the robot to turn in a natural and safe way. Polygonal constraints on the positions of the computed feet positions serve to improve its reliability. A logic for the succession of the support phases and an algorithm for the automatic control of their orientations bridge the gap to more autonomy and to more practicability.
When and why developers adopt and change software licenses

Software licenses legally govern the way in which developers can use, modify, and redistribute a particular system. While previous studies either investigated licensing through mining software repositories or studied licensing through FOSS reuse, we aim at understanding the rationale behind developers' decisions for choosing or changing software licensing by surveying open source developers. In this paper, we analyze when developers consider licensing, the reasons why developers pick a license for their project, and the factors that influence licensing changes. Additionally, we explore the licensing-related problems that developers experienced and expectations they have for licensing support from forges (e.g., GitHub). Our investigation involves, on one hand, the analysis of the commit history of 16,221 Java open source projects to identify the commits where licenses were added or changed. On the other hand, it consisted of a survey-in which 138 developers informed their involvement in licensing-related decisions and 52 provided deeper insights about the rationale behind the actions that they had undertaken. The results indicate that developers adopt licenses early in the project's development and change licensing after some period of development (if at all). We also found that developers have inherent biases with respect to software licensing. Additionally, reuse-whether by a non-contributor or for commercial purposes-is a dominant reason why developers change licenses of their systems. Finally, we discuss potential areas of research that could ameliorate the difficulties that software developers are facing with regard to licensing issues of their software systems.
Determining Compositionality of Expresssions Using Various Word Space Models and Methods

This paper presents a comparative study of 5 different types of Word Space Models (WSMs) combined with 4 different compositionality measures applied to the task of automatically determining semantic compositionality of word expressions. Many combinations of WSMs and measures have never been applied to the task before. The study follows Biemann and Gies-brecht (2011) who attempted to ﬁnd a list of expressions for which the composition-ality assumption – the meaning of an expression is determined by the meaning of its constituents and their combination – does not hold. Our results are very promising and can be appreciated by those interested in WSMs, compositionality, and/or relevant evaluation methods.
Simultaneous registration of multi-view range images with adaptive kernel density estimation

3D surface registration can be considered one of the crucial stages of reconstructing 3D objects from depth sensor data. Aligning pairs of surfaces is a well studied problem that has resulted in fast and usually reliable algorithms addressing the task. The generalised problem of globally aligning multiple surfaces is a more complex task that has received less attention yet remains a fundamental part of extracting a model from multiple 3D surface measurements for most useful applications. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the global registration of depth sensor data, represented by multiple dense point clouds. Point correspondences between scans and view order are unknown. Given many partial views, we estimate a kernel-based density function of the point data to determine an accurate approximation of the sampled surface. We deﬁne an energy function which implicitly considers all viewpoints simultaneously. We use this density to guide an energy minimisation in the transform space, aligning all partial views robustly. We evaluate this strategy quantitatively on synthetic and range sensor data where we ﬁnd that we have competitive registration accuracy through comprehensive experiments that compare our approach with existing frameworks for this task.
Antofine suppresses endotoxin‐induced inflammation and metabolic disorder via AMP‐activated protein kinase

The inhibition of activated macrophages has been used to develop anti‐inflammatory agents for therapeutic intervention to human diseases that cause excessive inflammatory responses. Antofine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, has a potent anti‐inflammatory effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti‐inflammatory activity have not yet been fully detailed. In this study, we comprehensively explored the anti‐inflammatory effects of antofine on endotoxin‐induced inflammation in macrophages using cDNA microarray analysis, thereby elucidating the potential mechanism by which antofine suppresses inflammation. Antofine significantly suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL‐1β and the production of iNOS in LPS‐activated Raw264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, antofine can suppress the expressions of several inflammation‐related genes (such as ARG‐1, IL1F9, IL‐10, and IL‐33) and extracellular matrix genes (such as TNC and HYAL1), as well as a vasopressor gene (EDN1) in activated macrophage cells, that are induced by LPS stimulation. The gene expression profiles analyzed by GeneMANIA software showed that antofine not only contributed anti‐inflammatory activity but also modulated the cellular metabolism via AMPK. Furthermore, antofine also modulated the activation of AMPK and caspase‐1, the key regulator in inflammasome‐mediated IL‐1β maturation, in activated macrophage cells. In conclusion, these data indicated that antofine potentially can not only contribute an anti‐inflammatory effect but can also attenuate the metabolic disorders induced by inflammation via AMPK.
R-Index 1 Running head: R-Index Quantifying Statistical Research Integrity: The Replicabilty-Index

Researchers are competing for positions, grant money, and status. In this competition, researchers can gain an unfair advantage by using questionable research practices (QRPs) that inflate effect sizes and increase the chances of obtaining stunning and statistically significant results. To ensure fair competition that benefits the greater good, it is necessary to detect and discourage the use of QRPs. To this aim, I introduce a doping test for science; the replicability index (R-index), a quantitative measure of research integrity that can be used to evaluate the statistical replicability of a set of studies (e.g., journals, individual researchers’ publications). I first discuss existing approaches to the detection of biased results and point out their limitations as a measure of scientific integrity. I then show how the R-index reveals the increase in the use of QRPs by comparing the R-index in the Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology in 1960 to the R-index in the Attitudes and Social Cognition section of the Journal of Social and Personality Psychology in 2011. Like doping tests in sports, the availability of a scientific doping test should deter researchers from engaging in practices that advance their careers at the expense of everybody else. Demonstrating replicability should become an important criterion of research excellence that can be used by funding agencies and other stakeholders to allocate resources to research that advances science.
Molecular Basis of Arterial Stiffening: Role of Glycation – A Mini-Review

Arterial stiffening is a progressive, ubiquitous and irreversible aging process that is interwoven with and accelerated by various diseases such as diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension. In large arteries, aging is characterized by decreased turnover of collagen and elastin and increased advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and cross-links. Elastic fibers undergo lysis and disorganization subsequent to their replacement by collagen and other matrix components. These events cause the loss of elasticity and induce stiffening. Conceptual approaches to minimize AGE accumulation in arteries include caloric restriction, exercise, low dietary intake of AGEs, deglycation enzymes, increased clearance of AGEs, antagonists of AGE receptors and pharmaceutical interventions. Much optimism exists in the ability of ‘AGE breakers’ such as alagebrium (ALT-711) to cleave AGE cross-links and reverse the age-related stiffening of arteries. However, there is little evidence that these agents actually break pre-existing AGE cross-links in vivo. In contrast, many of these anti-AGE agents share in common the ability to chelate metals, thus acting as inhibitors of metal-catalyzed AGE and protein carbonyl formation. Future work on interventions into the causes of arterial stiffness in aging needs to address more rigorously the relationship between stochastic forms of damage, such a glycation and oxidation, and the changes in elastic fiber structure thought to contribute to loss of arterial elasticity.
A New Search for tau ->mu gamma and tau ->e gamma Decays at Belle

We update our search for the lepton flavor violating tau ->mu gamma and tau ->e gamma decays based on 535/fb of data accumulated at the Belle experiment. No signal is found and we set preliminary 90% confidence level upper limits: B(tau ->mu gamma)<4.5x 10^-8 and B(tau ->e gamma)<1.2x 10^-7.
Balancing visibility and resource consumption for long-term monitoring of sensornets

Limited visibility of node states makes debugging deployed sensor networks very difficult. Higher visibility usually implies more resource consumption. As sensor networks are resource-constrained and need to operate unattended for long periods, a balance between a sufficient level of visibility and a tolerable consumption of resources needs to be found so that enough evidence can be collected to analyze the causes of observed problems. We propose a mechanism called visibility levels (vLevels) to manage the trade-off between visibility and resource consumption. Preliminary experimental results show the feasibility of vLevels.
A Smart Hydrothermal Synthesis for Cobble-Like Porous CeO2 and their Superior Catalytic Performance for NH3-SCR of NOx

The almost monodisperse cobble-like CeO2 nanostructures with many pores and a diameter of 50-100 nm have been successfully synthesized by a smart hydrothermal route. XRD, SEM, XPS, BET, and in situ DRIFT were employed to characterize the samples. The results showed that the cobble-like CeO2 owned a fluorite cubic structure and there are Ce3+ ions and oxygen vacancies in surface of samples. Its catalytic activity was investigated by selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3. The results showed that cobble-like CeO2 nanostructures exhibit excellent catalytic performance, which can be attributed to the much larger surface areas, novel morphology and the best redox behaviour of surface oxygen on the CeO2 surface.
Space-Time Regularization for Video Decompression

We consider the problem of reconstructing frames from a video which has been compressed using the video compressive sensing (VCS) method. In VCS data, each frame comes from first subsampling the original video data in space and then averaging the subsampled sequence in time. This results in a large linear system of equations whose inversion is ill-posed. We introduce a convex regularizer to invert the system, where the spatial component is regularized by the total variation seminorm, and the temporal component is regularized by enforcing sparsity on the difference between the spatial gradients of each frame. Since the regularizers are $L^1$-like norms, the model can be written in the form of an easy-to-solve saddle point problem. The saddle point problem is solved by the primal-dual algorithm, whose implementation calls for nearly pointwise operations (i.e., no direct linear inversion) and has a simple parallel version. Results show that our model decompresses videos more accurately than other popular mod.
Serum Activity of Platelet-Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Is a Potential Clinical Marker for Leptospirosis Pulmonary Hemorrhage

Pulmonary hemorrhage has been recognized as a major, often lethal, manifestation of severe leptospirosis albeit the pathogenesis remains unclear. The Leptospira interrogans virulent serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Lai encodes a protein (LA2144), which exhibited the platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity in vitro similar to that of human serum with respect to its substrate affinity and specificity and thus designated L-PAF-AH. On the other hand, the primary amino acid sequence of L-PAF-AH is homologous to the α1-subunit of the bovine brain PAF-AH isoform I. The L-PAF-AH was proven to be an intracellular protein, which was encoded unanimously and expressed similarly in either pathogenic or saprophytic leptospires. Mongolian gerbil is an appropriate experimental model to study the PAF-AH level in serum with its basal activity level comparable to that of human while elevated directly associated with the course of pulmonary hemorrhage during severe leptospirosis. Mortality occurred around the peak of pulmonary hemorrhage, along with the transition of the PAF-AH activity level in serum, from the increasing phase to the final decreasing phase. Limited clinical data indicated that the serum activity of PAF-AH was likely to be elevated in the patients infected by L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae, but not in those infected by other less severe serogroups. Although L-PAF-AH might be released into the micro-environment via cell lysis, its PAF-AH activity apparently contributed little to this elevation. Therefore, the change of PAF-AH in serum not only may be influential for pulmonary hemorrhage, but also seems suitable for disease monitoring to ensure prompt clinical treatment, which is critical for reducing the mortality of severe leptospirosis.
Analyzing Behavioral Features for Email Classification

Many researchers have applied statistical analysis techniques to email for classification purposes, such as identifying spam messages. Such approaches can be highly effective, however many examine incoming email exclusively — which does not provide detailed information about an individual user’s behavior. Only by analyzing outgoing messages can a user’s behavior be ascertained. Our contributions are: the use of empirical analysis to select an optimum, novel collection of behavioral features of a user’s email traffic that enables the rapid detection of abnormal email activity; and a demonstration of the effectiveness of outgoing email analysis using an application that detects worm propagation.
Serum Vascular Adhesion Protein-1 Predicts 10-Year Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) participates in inflammation and catalyzes the breakdown of amines to produce aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia. Serum VAP-1 correlates positively with both acute hyperglycemia and diabetes. We conducted a cohort study to evaluate whether serum VAP-1 predicts 10-year survival in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Between July 1996 and June 2003, we enrolled 661 type 2 diabetic subjects at National Taiwan University Hospital. Serum VAP-1 in the samples obtained at enrollment was measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. The vital status of all subjects was ascertained by linking their data with computerized death certificates in Taiwan. RESULTS The medium follow-up period was 10.4 years. Subjects with serum VAP-1 in the highest tertile had a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.19 (95% CI 1.17–4.11) for all-cause mortality adjusted for age, sex, smoking, history of cardiovascular disease, obesity, hypertension, hemoglobin A1c, diabetes duration, total cholesterol, use of statins, abnormal ankle-brachial index, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria. The adjusted HRs for logarithmically transformed serum VAP-1 were 5.83 (95% CI 1.17–28.97) for cardiovascular mortality, 6.32 (95% CI 1.25–32.00) for mortality from cardiovascular and diabetic causes, and 17.24 (95% CI 4.57–65.07) for cancer mortality. There were four variables, including age, serum VAP-1, proteinuria, and eGFR, which could enhance mortality prediction significantly. CONCLUSIONS Serum VAP-1 can predict 10-year all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality independently in type 2 diabetic subjects. Serum VAP-1 is a novel biomarker that improves risk prediction over and above established risk factors.
FLOSSMetrics: Free/Libre/Open Source Software Metrics

This paper presents FLOSSMetrics, a European Commission 6th Framework Programme- funded research project. The main objective of FLOSSMETRICS is to construct, publish and analyse a large scale database with information and metrics about libre software development coming from several thousands of software projects, using existing methodologies, and tools already developed. The project also provides a public platform for validation and industrial exploitation of results. The project is in its final stage, and some results and databases are already available, as is shown in this paper.