Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Administrator And Vocational Educator Perceptions Of Summer Agricultural Program Activities

In vocational education, where preparation for employment is a prime consideration, one must consider both knowledge accumulation and skill development through “doing” experiences. The philosophy of agricultural education supports Morton’s (1978) claim that “learning by doing” is considered essential to learning. In agricultural education, summer is one of the best times to involve students in agricultural skill activities. Heavily accelerated production efforts, as well as increased activity in associated service and supply businesses during the summer months provide timely opportunities for education and skill development. Agricultural education knowledge and skill development, therefore, should not be restricted to the standard nine-month school year; both should continue throughout the entire year, including summer months (Camp, 1986). Summer instructional programshave been the topic in the A&cultural Education Magazine of many discussions/articles throughout the past years in agricultural education. Research findings have supported the value of summer instructional programs in agricultural education and their importance to the local and national economies in the past (Brannon, 1989; Camp, 1986). Current economic conditions and resulting pressure from these conditions on schools, coupled with the educational reform movement and corresponding static or declining enrollments, have forced school administrators to look for ways to economize within the school operating budgets. One place many administrators have investigated for possible budget reductions has been the “hands-on” vocational education programs, including agricultural education. Many agricultural education teachers, teacher educators, and administrators are well aware of the importance of comprehensive agricultural education programs and are concerned about subsequent budgetary and enrollment reductions.
Impact of live streaming WLAN transmission characteristics on video quality

In this paper, we study video quality dependence on the quality of streaming data transmission over wireless local area network. Such characteristics as packet loss rate (PLR) and packet loss distribution are used to measure the quality of video data transferring. These characteristics were measured by the specially developed program for packet loss analyzing. The video quality was evaluated by such metrics as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity (SSIM), new quality index (NQI) and video quality metric (VQM). The experimental measurements were carried out in a real WLAN. The video server VLC was used to stream the video. The quality of wireless transmission was affected by such factors as distance, availability of access point antennas and obstacles. The video quality dependencies on packet loss rate were obtained as a result of the experimental studies. According to them, it was found that the video quality remains high when PLR<;0,001, and if PLR>0,05, the video becomes impossible to perceive. The article also shows that the video quality depends on the structure of MPEG: if a lost packet belongs to intra frame, then this loss will have a greater impact than the loss of predicted or bidirectional frame.
FASCICULAR NEUROTOMY HAVE LONG-LASTING EFFECTS ?

Objective: To determine whether fascicular neurotomy has long-lasting effects on spasticity. Design: We present 4 clinical cases and a critical analysis of the literature. Patients: This is a retrospective study on 4 patients referred to our department for spastic equinovarus foot deformity. For all 4, neurotomy was successful not long after surgery, but spasticity reappeared after a few months. Methods: We compared our results with those in the PubMed database. Results: Most publications acknowledge the immediate effectiveness of this surgery, but do not study the long-term effects of neurotomy. No publication proved long-lasting effects of neurotomy for spastic equinovarus foot deformity. The only long-term follow-up with a sufficient population is the one of Berard et al. (Pediatr Orthop B 1998, 7:66), who reported 61% recurrence. Conclusion: There is no study showing that tibial nerve neurotomy has long-lasting effects. The 4 cases reported are an illustration that recurrence of spasticity may occur after neurotomy. These findings have to be taken into account for treatment decision-making and for provision of information to patients.
Contaminants and impoSEX: transcriptomics of contaminant‐induced sex change

Reproduction is the goal of living organisms, and environmental conditions that influence sexual development are therefore critical to understanding adaptation in natural populations. It is not surprising that so much attention has been devoted to the impacts of the physical and chemical environment on this process (Vandenberg et al. ). Chemicals of concern include a variety of endocrine disruptors (EDs) including oestrogen and oestrogen mimics that directly lead to malformation of the gonad. On the molecular side, the impact that EDs have on genes directly involved in the feminization or masculinization of the gonad such as Cyp 19A (or aromatase), foxl2, Sox9, Dmrt1 and NrOb1, has received considerable attention due to their direct involvement in the regulation of oestrogen and testosterone. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Pascoal et al. ( ) examine the impact of a known endocrine disruptor (tributyltin or TBT) on the transcriptome of the dog whelk, Nucella lapillus (Fig. ), in relation to the formation of imposex individuals (masculinized females). They conclude that TBT mimics the endogenous ligand of the nuclear retinoid X receptor (RXR) and/or peroxisome profilerator‐activated receptor (PPAR) disrupting pathways.
Wealth Shock and Stock Market Anomalies

We investigate how non-financial wealth changes, namely wealth shock, create exogenous demand shocks and uncertainty for financial assets. Responses of financial assets to these exogenous demands are non-linearly related to a stock’s growth, size, and momentum in the equilibrium. Demand shocks lead to the endogenous pricing explanation of these market anomalies, and a further explanation for SEO puzzle and the negative predictability of aggregated new issues. Demand shocks also lead to market liquidity shock and explain the pricing of liquidity risk and market illiquidity. Heterogeneous wealth shocks across countries explain the pricing of liquidity risk across market portfolios.
Negative Facebook experiences among Taiwanese gay and bisexual men in emerging adulthood: associations with traditional harassment victimization and quality of life

Purpose: To examine the prevalence of negative Facebook (FB) experiences among gay and bisexual men in emerging adulthood in Taiwan and their association with traditional harassment victimization and quality of life (QOL). Materials and methods: In total, 302 gay or bisexual men aged 20–25 years old with experience of FB use in the preceding year were recruited. We measured the types, severities, and prevalence of negative FB experiences by self-report questionnaires. Traditional harassment victimization experiences were assessed using the adapted form of Chinese-version School Bullying Experience Questionnaire (C-SBEQ). QOL was evaluated by The World Health Organization (WHO) Questionnaire on Quality of Life: Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). Regression analysis was used to assess respective associations. Results: Among the study participants, 26.5% reported having negative FB experiences in the preceding year. Negative FB experiences were significantly associated with victimization of verbal ridicule and relational exclusion, but not physical aggression or theft of belongings. Negative FB experiences were also significantly associated with unsatisfactory QOL in all domains except social relationships, even the effects of traditional bullying victimization were controlled. Conclusion: Negative FB experiences are closely associated with both real life victimization and QOL in gay and bisexual men. Subjective experiences on social networking sites require consideration in conception of measures to reduce bullying victimization as well as improve QOL in this population.
Using Quantitative Redox Proteomics to Dissect the Yeast Redoxome*

Background: Proteins with redox-sensitive thiols confer rapid response to changes in redox conditions and/or oxidant levels. Results: Quantitative redox proteomics unveiled steady-state thiol oxidation states of ∼5% of yeast proteins and revealed physiologically relevant redox- and peroxide-sensitive proteins in yeast. Conclusion: Redox-sensitive thiols appear structurally distinct from peroxide-sensitive thiols. Significance: Pathways are fine-tuned by protein oxidation under both non-stress and oxidative stress conditions. To understand and eventually predict the effects of changing redox conditions and oxidant levels on the physiology of an organism, it is essential to gain knowledge about its redoxome: the proteins whose activities are controlled by the oxidation status of their cysteine thiols. Here, we applied the quantitative redox proteomic method OxICAT to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and determined the in vivo thiol oxidation status of almost 300 different yeast proteins distributed among various cellular compartments. We found that a substantial number of cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins are partially oxidized during exponential growth. Our results suggest that prevailing redox conditions constantly control central cellular pathways by fine-tuning oxidation status and hence activity of these proteins. Treatment with sublethal H2O2 concentrations caused a subset of 41 proteins to undergo substantial thiol modifications, thereby affecting a variety of different cellular pathways, many of which are directly or indirectly involved in increasing oxidative stress resistance. Classification of the identified protein thiols according to their steady-state oxidation levels and sensitivity to peroxide treatment revealed that redox sensitivity of protein thiols does not predict peroxide sensitivity. Our studies provide experimental evidence that the ability of protein thiols to react to changing peroxide levels is likely governed by both thermodynamic and kinetic parameters, making predicting thiol modifications challenging and de novo identification of peroxide sensitive protein thiols indispensable.
A study of the color diversity around maximum light in Type Ia supernovae

From a sample of 12 well-observed Type Ia supernovae, we find clear evidence of correlations between early phase (U B), (V R), and (V I) colors and the velocity shifts of the [Fe II] �7155 and [Ni II] �7378 nebular lines measured from late-phase spectra. As these lines are thought to trace the ashes of the initial deflagration process, our findings provide additional support to the new paradigm of off-center explosions in Type Ia supernovae, and we interpret these correlations as viewing angle effects in the observed colors. We also show that the nebular velocity shifts are related to the strength and width of the Ca II H&K and IR-triplet lines near-maximum light. The evidence presented here implies that the viewing angle must be taken into account when deriving extinction values and distances in future cosmological studies based on Type Ia supernovae.
Exercise protects myelinated fibers of white matter in a rat model of depression

The antidepressive effects of exercise have been a focus of research and are hypothesized to remodel the brain networks constructed by myelinated fibers. However, whether the antidepressant effects of exercise are dependent on changes in white matter myelination are unknown. Therefore, we chose chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) as a model of depression and designed an experiment. After a 4‐week CUS period, 40 animals were tested using the sucrose preference test (SPT) and the open field test (OFT). The depressed rats then underwent 4‐week running exercise. Next, electron microscopy and unbiased stereological methods were used to investigate white matter changes in the rats. After the 4‐week CUS stimulation, body weight, sucrose preference and scores on the OFT were significantly lower in the depression rats than in the unstressed rats (p < .05). After undergoing a 4‐week running exercise, the depression rats showed a significantly greater sucrose preference than the depression control rats without running exercise (p < .05). Furthermore, the white matter parameters of the depression rats (including the white matter volumes, the length and volumes of myelinated fibers, and the volumes and thickness of the myelin sheaths) were significantly reduced after the CUS period (p < .05). However, these white matter parameters were significantly increased after running exercise (p < .05). The present study is the first to provide evidence that running exercise has positive effects on white matter and the myelinated fibers of white matter in depressed rats, and this evidence might provide an important theoretical basis for the exercise‐mediated treatment of depression.
A Spurious-Free Switching Buck Converter Achieving Enhanced Light-Load Efficiency by Using a  $\Delta \Sigma$-Modulator Controller With a Scalable Sampling Frequency

This paper presents a spurious-free switching buck converter with enhanced light-load efficiency for use in noise-sensitive portable electronics. The proposed switching buck converter achieves low output noise by using a delta-sigma-modulator (ΔΣ) controller. Its light-load efficiency is enhanced by: 1) scaling the switching frequency of the buck converter (i.e., the sampling frequency of its ΔΣ-modulator controller) with the load current; 2) switching its operation from continuous conduction mode (CCM) to discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) at light loads; and 3) using a new low-power current-sensing circuit. The ΔΣ modulator is designed with an input-feedforward architecture, which enables the switching frequency of the controller to be scaled without disturbing the stability of the feedback loop of the buck converter, and also reduces the controller quiescent current. The proposed switching buck converter was fabricated in 0.13-μm digital CMOS. Measurements results demonstrate that this buck converter achieves a spurious-free output with a noise floor below -60 dBm and voltage ripples below 70 mV over its full loading range (2 mA to 800 mA). Furthermore, it achieves a power efficiency higher than 70% over this entire range, with a peak efficiency of 95.1%.
Endometrial Biopsy

o Infertility – Throughout a woman’s cycle the lining of the uterus changes under hormonal influence. During the menstrual cycle, the lining begins to grow until a mature egg is release from the ovary. If fertilization by sperm does not take place, the lining is not needed to nourish a pregnancy, and is therefore shed with a menstrual period. An endometrial biopsy helps your physician determine if the lining is going through normal menstrual cycle changes and if it can support a pregnancy.
2-[(3,3-Dimethylindolin-2-ylidene)methyl]-4-[(3,3-dimethyl-3H-indol-1-ium-2-yl)methylidene]-3-oxocyclobut-1-en-1-olate chloroform disolvate

In the title squaraine dye solvate, C26H24N2O2·2CHCl3, the dye molecule is essentially planar, except for the methyl groups, having a maximum deviation over the 26-membered delocalized bond system of 0.060 (2) Å. It possesses crystallographic twofold rotational symmetry with the indole ring systems adopting a syn conformation. The molecular structure features intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds enclosing conjoint S7 ring motifs about one of the dioxocyclobutene O atoms, while the two chloroform solvent molecules are linked to the second O atom through C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Effect of substrate surface hydrophobicity on the adherence of yeast and hyphal Candida

A biofilm composed of various microorganisms including Candida is found on denture surfaces and is likely to be involved in the etiology of denture‐induced stomatitis. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of hydrophobic interactions in candidal adherence to acrylic surfaces, particularly that of the hyphal form of Candida albicans. Candida clinical isolates were used. Acrylic plates coated with carrageenan and hydrocolloid (Hitachi chemical, Tokyo, Japan) were used as a hydrophilic substratum. A microbial suspension was placed on each acrylic plate and incubated. All plates were washed in phosphate‐buffered saline containing CaCl2 and MgCl2 [PBS (+)] and cells still adhering to the acrylic surface were collected by 0.25% trypsin treatment. Cell‐surface hydrophobicity was estimated using a modification of the technique used to measure adherence to hydrocarbons. When the acrylic plates were coated with hydrophilic materials, the adherence of hydrophobic clinical isolates of Candida and the hydrophobic hyphal C. albicans decreased, whereas the adherence of non‐hydrophobic Candida was not affected or increased. We suggest that hydrophilic coating of denture surfaces could be a potent method for reduction of the adherence of relatively hydrophobic fungal cells, particularly hyphal C. albicans, which causes denture stomatitis and related infections.
Noise analysis of inductive shunt-series feedback technique used in ultra-wideband low noise amplifier

An ultra-wideband 0.1–12-GHz low noise amplifier employing an inductive feedback technique is implemented in this paper. Adopting the technique, the designed amplifier achieves the wideband input matching, sufficient power gain, and effective suppression of noise at the high frequency. Therefore, a comprehensive noise analysis in the circuit is executed using equivalent circuit model in this study. Using foundry 0.13µm CMOS process, the amplifier consumes 30mW power and occupies 0.356 mm2 chip area. Afterward, the RF measure shows that the power gain (S21) is 10.6 dB, input and output return loss is smaller than −10 dB, the 3-dB bandwidth is 12 GHz, and the noise figure is less than 5dB over the operation band.
Bortezomib interferes with C-KIT processing and transforms the t(8;21)-generated fusion proteins into tumor-suppressing fragments in leukemia cells

The boronic acid dipeptide bortezomib inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 26S proteasome and shows significant therapeutic efficacy in multiple myeloma. However, recent studies suggest that bortezomib may have more complex mechanisms of action in treating cancer. We report here that the endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of the receptor tyrosine kinase C-KIT are required for bortezomib- but not tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib-caused apoptosis of t(8;21) leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor cells, suggesting that C-KIT may recruit an apoptosis initiator. We show that C-KIT binds and phosphorylates heat shock protein 90β (Hsp90β), which sequestrates apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1). Bortezomib dephosphorylates pHsp90β and releases Apaf-1. Although the activated caspase-3 is not sufficient to cause marked apoptosis, it cleaves the t(8;21) generated acute myeloid leukemia 1-eight twenty one (AML1-ETO) and AML1-ETO9a fusion proteins, with production of cleavage fragments that perturb the functions of the parental oncoproteins and further contribute to apoptosis. Notably, bortezomib exerts potent therapeutic efficacy in mice bearing AML1-ETO9a–driven leukemia. These data show that C-KIT-pHsp90β-Apaf-1 cascade is critical for some malignant cells to evade apoptosis, and the clinical therapeutic potentials of bortezomib in C-KIT–driven neoplasms should be further explored.
Characterization and Development of T-Cell Immune Responses in B-Cell-Deficient (Igh-6−/−) Mice with Salmonella enterica Serovar TyphimuriumInfection

ABSTRACT Infection of mice with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium induces strong Th1 T-cell responses that are central to the control of the infection. In the present study, we examined the role of B cells in the development of Th1 T-cell responses to Salmonella by using gene-targeted B-cell-deficient mice (Igh-6−/− mice). The development of Th1 T-cell responses in Igh-6−/− mice was impaired in the early stage of a primary infection. This impairment persisted throughout the course of the disease. The ability of T cells to produce the Th1 cytokine gamma interferon and the frequency at which they did so were lower in Igh-6−/− mice than in control mice. We also observed a transient switch toward Th2 cytokine production in Igh-6−/− mice. Thus, B cells are important for the induction of protective Th1 T-cell responses in the early phase of a Salmonella infection. Activated B cells express high levels of major histocompatibility complex and costimulatory molecules and are nearly as effective as dendritic cells in their antigen-presenting cell (APC) activity. However, their importance as APCs in infection and their role in initiating and/or maintaining T-cell responses are unknown. Here, we show that B cells upregulate costimulatory molecules upon in vitro stimulation with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and that they can present Salmonella antigens to Salmonella-specific CD4+ T cells. Our results show that B cells are important for the development of T-cell responses in the early stage of a Salmonella infection and that this property may be due to their ability to present antigens to T cells.
Capillary electrophoresis of natural products

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography were used for the separation of widely different compounds from natural materials including antibiotics, humic substances, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, illicit drugs, coumarins, alkaloids, steroids, Chinese herbal preparations, nicotine, caffeine, amphetamines, toxins such as aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, mycotoxins, heptapeptide aflatoxins and others, ephedrine compounds, mineral elements, and natural compounds in biological samples. A discussion of sample extraction and clean‐up and the advantages of using CE is also presented.
THE STATE OF STATE ANTITAKEOVER LAW

This Article is the first to examine systematically state antitakeover law outside Delaware. It conducts a research of all available cases to find whether states with pill endorsement and other constituency statutes follow Delaware’s enhanced fiduciary duties or replace them with weaker standards. It finds substantial variations from Delaware’s law. Unlike Delaware, most of the states with relatively strong other constituency and pill endorsement statutes do not impose enhanced fiduciary duties on managers in change-of-control situations. Instead, they apply only the ordinary business judgment rule to management’s use of antitakeover tactics. This Article has implications for antitakeover law, the market for corporate law, and the desirability of federal intervention. In particular, it provides support for adopting Delaware’s enhanced fiduciary duties - Unocal, Revlon, and Blasius - as federally imposed minimum standards. This would not only improve state antitakeover law outside Delaware, but may also result in improvements to Delaware law since Delaware is currently dragged down by other states.