Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREDICTION OF EARLY SCHOOL‐AGE PROBLEMS BY A PRESCHOOL NEURODEVELOPMENTAL EXAMINATION OF CHILDREN AT RISK NEONATALLY

A group of 350 children who had had neonatal developmental risk‐factors were assessed at the age of five years with a neurodevelopmental examination. At nine years they were assessed again for neuropaediatric, motor, psycholinguistic, cognitive and school‐achievement problems. (Children with major handicaps were excluded.) Poor performance at age five was significantly associated with failure in the nine‐year examinations and with school problems. Sensitivity of the five‐year neurodevelopmental examination in predicting problems at nine years was 0·30 to 0·50, and its predictive value for an abnormal performance was 0·30 to 0·60. Predictively, the neurodevelopmental examination was accurate in defining children without later problems, but less satisfactory in defining those who did develop problems. Multiple linear regression analyses between the neurodevelopmental examination and the scores at nine years revealed low explanatory power. A shortened neurodevelopmental examination, based on the best predictors, seemed to be as efficient P as the full examination.
Inappropriate Prescribing Among Elderly Home Care Patients in Japan

Background: Although several previous studies have examined the prevalence and risk factors associated with inappropriate prescribing (IP) among elderly patients, as identified by the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) and Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (START) criteria, no research has been conducted among elderly home care patients. Objective: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of IP and its risk factors as identified by the STOPP/START criteria among elderly home care patients in Japan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Home care settings in Japan. Participants: Eighty-nine patients aged 65 years or older who received regular home visiting services from Yamato Clinic between May 2013 and June 2013. Main Outcome Measure: The prevalence of IP and its risk factors as identified by the STOPP/START criteria. Results: Of the study population, 40.4% had at least one potentially inappropriate medication and 60.7% had at least one incidence of underprescribing. Risk factors for potentially inappropriate medications were hypertension, constipation, and polypharmacy, while those for underprescription were osteoporosis and polypharmacy. Conclusion: The prevalence of IP among elderly home care patients is high, with risk factors that include not only polypharmacy but also several specific underlying medical conditions.
Next generation fluorescence sensor with multiple excitation and emission wavelengths — NeXOS MatrixFlu-UV

Ocean health observations have been performed for hundreds of years. Optimizing the process of gathering information on status as well as changes of oceanographic parameters through research cruises is however still challenging and recently developed robotic opportunities need to be enhanced. Using mobile and autonomous platforms like gliders, buoys and surface platforms (here sailbuoys) is an innovative and cost-effective way to obtain large datasets even under unfavorable conditions. Developing suitable sensors, like the optical fluorescence sensor MatrixFlu-UV, which can be deployed on those platforms, is one of the major goals of “Next generation Low-Cost Multifunctional Web Enabled Ocean Sensor Systems Empowering Marine, Maritime and Fisheries Management” (NeXOS, a European Union funded project). The sensor concept of multiple excitation and emission configuration, its proof-of-principle and verification results for colored dissolved organic matter related chemical compound humic acid are represented. An extended concentration series, using sensor and reference detector in parallel, showed clearly a linear correlation (coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.99) between data measured with the sensor and the reference measurement. In combination with the other wavelengths excitation-emission combinations, the MatrixFlu-UV offers a true ultra-compact multi-parameter option for upcoming ocean observation activities.
Rabbit Model for in vivo Study of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Regeneration.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to verify the usefulness of the rabbit model for disc degeneration study. MATERIALS The L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L4, or L4-L5 lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) of 9 mature male New Zealand White rabbits were injured by inserting a 16-gauge needle to a depth of 5 mm in the left anterolateral annulus fibrosus while leaving L5-L6 IVD uninjured. Three other rabbits also received intradiscal injections of rabbit disc cells transfected with adenovirus and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ad-BMP-2) at L4-L5 in addition to injury by 16-gauge needle at the L1-L2 level. Using digitized radiographs, measurements of IVD height were made and analyzed by using the disc height index (DHI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the injured discs, injected discs, and uninjured L5-L6 discs were performed at 15 weeks post surgery and compared with preoperative MRI scans. RESULTS All twelve rabbits showed consistent results of disc degeneration within 15 weeks following annular puncture. DHIs of injured discs were significantly lower than that of the uninjured L5-L6 discs (p<0.05). The mean value of disc degeneration grade of injured discs was significantly higher than that of uninjured discs (p<0.05). The injection of disc cell transfected with ad-BMP-2 did not induce disc regeneration at 15 weeks after injection. CONCLUSION This study showed that the injured disc had a significant change in DHI on simple lateral radiograph and disc degeneration grade on MRI scans within 15 weeks in all rabbits. Rabbit annular puncture model can be useful as a disc degeneration model in vivo.
Adenovirus helper function for growth of adeno-associated virus: effect of temperature-sensitive mutations in adenovirus early gene region 2

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) grows efficiently only in cells that are also infected with an adenovirus (Ad). We employed Ad mutants to determine which genes may be required for the AAV helper function. Two mutants of Ad type 5 (Ad5), Ad5ts125 and Ad5ts107, with temperature-sensitive lesions in the E72 DNA-binding protein coded by the Ad early region 2, were deficient for AAV helper functions at the nonpermissive temperature (40 degrees C). In contrast, Ad5ts149, with a temperature-sensitive lesion in the Ad early region 5, was an efficient helper of AAV at the nonpermissive temperature. In KB cells, with the Ad5ts125 or Ad5ts107 mutant as the helper, the accumulation of AAV capsid proteins and AAV particles was decreased by about two logs, whereas AAV DNA synthesis was decreased only severalfold. Cytoplasmic, polyadenylic acid-containing AAV RNA is composed of a set of overlapping, spliced RNAs having different 5' start points. With the ts125 helper at 40 degrees C there was a decreased accumulation of some but not all of these AAV RNAs. The Ad5 E72 protein may have an effect on transcription or more likely posttranscriptional processing of AAV RNA. These observations suggest additional pleiotropic effects of the multifunctional E72 protein and suggest further similarities in the actions of E72 and the simian virus 40 T-antigen.
Can integrative weaning index be a routine predictor for weaning success?

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of integrative weaning index (IWI) as a predictor of weaning success. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective randomized controlled observer-blinded study and carried out on 120 patients of both sexes; patients who received mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h and met defined criteria for a weaning trial, underwent a 2-h spontaneous breathing trial with either IWI plus routine criteria of weaning (Group I n = 60) or routine criteria of weaning alone (control group) (Group C n = 60), in Group C the IWI was measured retrospective as it is not used in weaning decision. Those tolerated the trial would be immediately extubated. The primary outcome measure was the ability to maintain spontaneous, unassisted breathing for more than 48 h after extubation. Secondary outcome measures were the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay, and length of hospital stay. Results: The mean duration (hours) of mechanical ventilation and length of ICU stay (days) were significantly shorter in the Group I where the IWI was used (83.6 ± 34.3 vs. 97.49 ± 47.2 h, P = 0.002 and 5.5 ± 1.6 vs. 7.12 ± 2.3 days, P = 0.03, respectively). Weaning success rate was significantly higher in the Group I (53 vs. 34, P = 0.0001) while weaning failure rate was significantly lower in the Group I C (7 vs. 26, P = 0.0001). Conclusion: IWI is a strong predictor of both successful and failed weaning.
Predictive Mechanisms Control Grip Force after Impact in Self-Triggered Perturbations

ABSTRACT Impulsive loadings during object grasping are common in everyday life. In predictable conditions, the grip force (GF) increases before the impact to anticipate the perturbation and reaches a maximum after the perturbation. In the present study, the authors addressed the predictive or reactive nature of this late GF component. The load of a handheld object was briskly increased by dropping a mass attached to the object (impact trials). The drop was self-induced, but for one third of the trials, the mechanism was blocked and no impact occurred (blank trials). Evidence that the late GF component is programmed as a predictive action emerged from a systematic comparison between impact and blank trials. The authors conclude that the GF increase occurring after a predictable impulsive loading is essentially of a predictive nature.
A method of FPGA interconnect resources testing by using XDL-based configuration

FPGA is widely used in military and aerospace applications and FPGA testing is the most effective means to ensure the reliability of them. Interconnect Resources testing is one of the most important parts of FPGA testing since that most of the faults occur on Interconnect Resources. FPGA needs to be configured as specified circuits before being tested and conventional HDL-based configuration can not achieve controllability of the resources to be tested. In order to solve this problem, we propose a XDL-based configuration. In this paper, grammar and design flow of XDL were analyzed firstly. Then structure of interconnect resources of Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA and their description using XDL were studied. According to the structure of the interconnect resources, a BIST structure was built to implement the test of them. Through C++ programming, we got XDL programs automatically. With four configurations, we implemented the testing of hex lines across CLBs and not across CLBs as well as double line across CLBs and not across CLBs. The method could solve the problem of uncontrollability of the resources to be tested efficiently.
Independent Control of Replication Initiation of the Two Vibrio cholerae Chromosomes by DnaA and RctB

ABSTRACT Although the two Vibrio cholerae chromosomes initiate replication in a coordinated fashion, we show here that each chromosome appears to have a specific replication initiator. DnaA overproduction promoted overinitiation of chromosome I and not chromosome II. In contrast, overproduction of RctB, a protein that binds to the origin of replication of chromosome II, promoted overinitiation of chromosome II and not chromosome I.
Structure of the 12j and 15j coefficients in the Bargmann approach

Generating functions of the 12j and 15j angular momentum recoupling coefficients are computed explicitly in the Bargmann formalism. Symmetry properties are deduced therefrom. A geometrical Mobius strip representation (originally due to Ord‐Smith for the 12j case), which can be generalized to all n, suggests a 4n‐fold symmetry for the 3nj coefficients (n ≥ 4).
Enhanced production of cellobiose dehydrogenase in cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium supplemented with bovine calf serum

The enzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH), produced by many wood‐degrading fungi has, in recent years, attracted considerable interest for its possible role in both cellulose and lignin degradation. To characterize the enzyme better and to identify its role in the degradation of wood and wood components, it is desirable to produce it in higher amounts. We report here that the addition of bovine calf serum to cellulose‐grown cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium enhances the production of certain enzymes, CDH in particular. The highest CDH production was obtained with 45 ml of serum/litre of medium added on day 3 or 4. The resultant CDH yield was approx. 700Ő800 units/litre, which was 3. 5Ő4 times higher than that in cultures without serum. Serum addition also enhanced the production of b‐glucosidase. However, the impact on CDH production was the most dramatic. The enhanced enzyme production cannot be explained by increased rates of spore germination, simple nutrient effects or cofactor effects. Fractionation of serum by Cohn's fractionation technique showed that the albumin (BSA) fraction had almost the same effect as whole serum. However, purified BSA had less effect than crude BSA (fraction V of Cohn's fractions), suggesting that an additional factor, probably a protease inhibitor in serum, also contributed to the effect of serum.
Activity of IgG and IgM ABO Antibodies against Some Weak A (A3, Ax, Aend) and Weak B (B3, Bx) Red Cells

Abstract. The IgG and IgM anti‐A and anti‐B activities from several immune and non‐immune O, A and B sera were tested against a panel of weak A (A3, Ax, and Aend) and weak B (B3 and Bx) red cells. In all cases it is the IgM which agglutinated optimally Ax (or Bx) cells, while IgG and IgM anti‐A (or anti‐B) reacted similarly with A3 and Aend (or B3) cells. The agglutinating activity of all these ABO antibodies was found straightly related to their association constant for the A (or the B) receptor.
A simple sensorless control strategy for IPMSM in 1 MW flywheel energy storage system

In recent decades, the flywheel energy storage system (FESS) has developed rapidly. Field oriented control is a core technology in the control of the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), which is usually selected as the flywheel motor. The rotor angle and the speed of the IPMSM are important variables in the field oriented control. In industrial applications of the large-capacity FESS, however, the speed sensor could be unreliable due to the external interference and hence it is difficult to obtain the precise values of those two variables. In this paper, a simple sensorless control strategy is proposed in order to evade the measurement of the rotor angle and the speed. The proposed strategy is divided into two parts in accordance with the flywheel's speed and an angle estimation method based on the back electromotive force (back-EMF) is adopted after the starting of the flywheel. In the proposal, the rotor position can be estimated accurately during the system's whole operation period, including the charging status, the discharging status and the standby status, and the continuous information of the rotor angle and the speed can be obtained. The proposed sensorless control strategy is analyzed theoretically, and experiments are conducted on a 1MW FESS. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Evaluating Loyalty Programs with Endogenous Redemption

Evaluating the capacity of consumer loyalty programs to generate additional sales is essential for marketers who run such programs. However, customers’ self selection into the loyalty programs makes this evaluation difficult. This is the case especially in set-ups where the reward is not granted automatically upon achieving a certain number of points. In the case of automatic rewards, based on temporal discounting and the diminishing perceived distance to the goal, marketing theory predicts that points accumulation accelerates as consumers approach the threshold of necessary points for the reward, and is also boosted after the redemption, in what is called ‘the rewarded behavior effect’. These mechanisms generate sales that are attributed solely to the reward program. In this thesis I use these insights to develop two models for evaluating loyalty programs where the rewards are not granted automatically, but consumers accumulate points and are free to decide the moment and the size of the redemption. These types of programs are expanding in sectors such as retail and finance, so being able to evaluate them becomes increasingly important. The first model applies to programs where consumers use the accumulated points like cash, for groceries and other day-to-day expenses, while the second applies to programs where consumers use the points for non-ordinary expenses or treats, which on average are much larger. Both are models of consumer behavior, which retailers need to understand in order to learn how to improve the profitability of their loyalty programs. The difference between these two set ups is important because consumers plan for redemptions in different ways in these two contexts. I estimate the parameters of both models using data provided by AIR MILES, Canada’s largest coalition loyalty program. I show how sample heterogeneity and the nonrandom timing of the reward cash-in can be confounded with true loyalty program effects and I tease apart these effects to obtain non-biased estimates of program profitability. I use the model insights to suggest ways in which the loyalty program owner can change the program to further boost its profitability and discuss how the recommendations are contingent on retailers’ contribution margins. The dissertation advances the literature on loyalty program evaluation by developing structural models for set ups where retailers do not impose automatic redemptions upon consumers.
Interorganizational Relationships: Theoretical Evolution and Success Attributes

Since the 1990s, the subject of " Interorganizational Relationships " (IORs) has gained the interest of academics in several fields (Donnan & Comer, 2001), such as strategic marketing, Management Information Systems (MIS), operation management and logistics, and strategic management. The diversity of approaches related to IOR conceptualization has led to fragmented knowledge bases (Mohr & Nevin, 1990; Claro, et al., 2003; Durand, et al., 2006). The present chapter discusses this concept and proposes an integrated view of IOR evolution in a network context. Furthermore, a presentation of IOR governance typologies is exposed to emphasize the hierarchy-market dichotomy and the hybrid form as the combination of the two perspectives. Last, based on a literature review, the chapter exposes the attributes characterizing interorganizational relationships climate success to demonstrate the informal aspect of interorganizational context.
Low hematocrit levels increase intracranial pressure in an animal model of cryogenic brain injury.

BACKGROUND Brain injury is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in trauma patients, but controversy still exists over optimal fluid management for these patients. This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute hemodilution with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) or lactated Ringer's solution (LR) in intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in dogs submitted to a cryogenic brain injury model. METHODS Design--Prospective laboratory animal study. Setting--Research laboratory in a teaching hospital. Subjects--Thirty-five male mongrel dogs. Interventions--Animals were enrolled to five groups: control, hemodilution with LR or HES 6% to an hematocrit target of 27% or 35%. RESULTS ICP and CPP levels were measured after cryogenic brain injury. Hemodilution promotes an increment of ICP levels, which decreases CPP when hematocrit target was estimated in 27% after hemodilution. However, no differences were observed regarding crystalloid or colloid solution used for hemodilution in ICP and CPP levels. CONCLUSIONS Hemodilution to a low hematocrit level increases ICP and decreases CPP scores in dogs submitted to a cryogenic brain injury. These results suggest that excessive hemodilution to a hematocrit below 30% should be avoided in traumatic brain injury patients.
Organizational Factors Driving Technology Non- Adoption in Australian Tour Operators 1

Challenging the simplistic way in which organizational technology adoption has been conceptualized and researched, this paper defines various types of adoption and non-adoption and empirically investigates whether organizational factors delineate among these groups using a sample of Australian tourism operators. The findings first show that the various types actually exist and further indicate that certain forms of adoption are indeed more prominent among specific types of organizations described in terms of core business, organizational structure and organizational environment.
Fast and low-cost detection of silver nanoparticles by using the Ag+-specfic cytosine probe

In previous studies by using electrochemical method, the capture material of Ag ion was used cytosine-enriched DNA. For immobilization of this DNA on electrode surface, NH2-terminal was connected with DNA. However, the price for this connection is very expensive. In this study, single-cytosine (SC) was used in place of DNA with a functional group. Three electrode system was fabricated by sputtering Au. The SC was immobilized on working electrode surface, and then this electrode was exposed to a solution with Ag nano-particle and other SC for mismatching cytosine-Ag+-cytosine. Before detecting Ag ion, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was investigated for identification about stable immobilization of SC on surface of functionalized Au electrode. The electrochemical analysis for increasing Ag ion concentration was performed by using square wave voltammetry (SWV).
Effect of magnesium on methanogenic subpopulations in a thermophilic acetate-degrading granular consortium

The effects of Mg2+ on thermophilic (55 degrees C) granules grown on acetate in 0.2-liter upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors were studied. The methanogens in the granules were identified and counted by using antibody probes and the antigenic fingerprinting method. Packets of large coccoidal cells antigenically related to Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 were scarce in the absence of Mg2+ but increased with increasing Mg2+ concentrations up to 30 mM; Methanosarcina packets immunologically related to Methanosarcina barkeri R1M3 showed a similar trend, and their numbers increased up to 100 mM Mg2+. The number of single cells antigenically related to TM-1, R1M3, and Methanosarcina mazei S-6 were scarce at low Mg2+ concentrations but increased drastically at 30 and 100 mM Mg2+. The number of rod-shaped bacteria antigenically related to Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum GC1 and delta H was highest with no Mg2+ present, and their numbers decreased with increasing concentrations of the cation. These quantitative data, obtained by counting cells in suspensions made from disrupted granules, were confirmed by microscopic observation of the methanogenic subpopulations in thin histologic sections of the granules.
Iodine balance studies in protein-calorie malnutrition

In 12 malnourished Senegalese children iodine intake and excretion were measured on admission for 4 consecutive days. All subjects were in negative iodine balance, averaging -20·5 μg iodine/day. One month later, after nutritional rehabilitation, 7 children resubmitted to comparative balance study showed a strongly positive balance of +19·3 μg iodine/day. Protein-calorie malnutrition is characterized by a continuous impoverishment of the thyroid's iodine content, while clinical recovery is accompanied by a progressive restoration.