Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RESPONSE OF FIBROUS-REINFORCED CONCRETE TO EXPLOSIVE LOADING

Abstract : The results of 72 explosive loading tests on fibrous-reinforced concrete slabs are presented. The slabs, 32x32x4 inches, were tested in a vertical position with 4 inches of bearing on the two vertical sides. A 10- pound cylindrical charge of Composition B high explosive was used as the loading mechanism. Various synthetic and steel fibres were used as random reinforcing to develop a concrete that would resist explosive loadings. Evaluation was based upon the ability of the fibrous concrete to reduce the amount and velocity of fragments produced by the explosive loading. The values obtained from tests of plain, unreinforced concrete slabs were used as the basis of comparison. It is shown that when plain concrete slabs are reinforced conventionally to resist the shear and flexural stresses, there is no reduction in fragment velocities or fragmentation; and, that similarly reinforced slabs of fibrous concrete show 20% reduction in velocities, and over 80% reduction in fragmentation. A study made to evalute high-strength and medium-strength concrete, when used in conjunction with fibres, revealed no significant difference in response under the explosive loading. The mode of failure for a slab supported on two sides only is shown to be primarily flexural. Detailed descriptions of each individual test are presented, together with conclusions and recommendations for future work.
Concomitant inhibition of tumor-associated inflammatory responses and rapid enhancement of cyclophosphamide-induced tumor regression by hydrocortisone.

We have demonstrated that hydrocortisone (HC) enhances the antitumor action of cyclophosphamide (CY). When sarcoma-bearing C57BL/6J, BALB/cByJ, and C3H/HeJ mice were given a single injection i.p. of CY (300 mg/kg), followed 1 to 3 days later by a s.c. injection of HC (10 mg in 0.1 ml of incomplete Freund's adjuvant), there was a dramatic acceleration of the reduction in tumor size compared with CY treatment alone. Without prior treatment of mice with CY, HC alone did not influence tumor growth. Histological evaluation and an analysis of the cellular composition of tumors after treatment with CY alone indicated a reduction in the neoplastic content of the tumors, a concomitant increase in the proportion of tumor-associated macrophages, and a marked neutrophil influx 7 to 9 days after CY injection. Similar changes were seen following CY-HC treatment except that a neutrophil infiltrate was not evident. The increase in the proportion of diploid host cells was confirmed by cytofluorimetric analysis of the DNA content of cells obtained by enzymic disaggregation of the tumors. After either CY or CY-HC treatment, the G1 peak of aneuploid cells disappeared with a concomitant increase in the proportion of cells accumulating in G2-M between days 2 and 4. After this, the G2 peak disappeared, at which time diploid cells comprised most of the cell yield (70 to 80%). When tumors regrew, the original DNA profile seen in control tumors was obtained. Although CY-HC treatment of tumor bearers resulted in a dramatic reduction in tumor size and cellularity, there was no significant prolongation of life when compared to CY treatment alone, indicating that HC was probably not acting on those cells surviving the antitumor effects of CY. The data are discussed in the context of the relative importance of the CY-induced acute inflammatory response occurring at the tumor site, as well as the chronic inflammatory response that is a constitutive part of progressing tumors.
An expert system for automatically pruning vines

Vine pruning is an important part of vineyard management, and pruning is the most expensive task in the vineyard which has not yet been automated. Every year, most new canes must be removed from the vine, and the choice of canes to retain impacts vine yield. To automate the process of vine pruning, a vine pruning robot must make decisions on what canes to remove or to keep, based on a 3D topological model of the structure of the vine. In this paper we present an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system for making these decisions, developed and evaluated using simulated vines. A viticulture expert evaluated our approach by comparing it to pruning decisions made by a pruner with a skill level typical of human pruners. Our system successfully pruned 30% of vines better than the human and 89% at least as well. These results demonstrate that the vine pruning problem is solvable using current computing technologies, and that automating the pruning process has the potential to improve vine quality and yield.
Chaotic Behavior in Simple Reaction Systems

Deterministic nonperiodic flow (of “chaotic” or “strange” or “tumbling” type, respectively) was first observed, in a 3-component differential system, by E. N. Lorenz in 1963. A 3-component abstract reaction system showing the same qualitative behavior is indicated. It consists of (1) an ordinary 2-variable chemical oscillator and (2) an ordinary single-variable chemical hysteresis system. According to the same dual principle, many more analogous systems can be devised, no matter whether chemical, biochemical, biophysical, ecological, sociological, economic, or electronic in nature. Their dynamics are determined by the presence of a “folded” Poincaré map. Under numerical simulation, the proposed chemical system provides an almost ideal illustration to the underlying dynamical prototype, the “3-dimensional blender”. Thus, continuous Euklidean dynamics (and with it chemical kinetics) proves to be of equal interest in studying chaos as discrete dynamical systems already have.
Tracking variable number of targets using sequential monte carlo methods

In this paper, we present a simulation-based method for multitarget tracking and detection using sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), or particle filtering (PF) methods. The proposed approach is applicable to nonlinear and non-Gaussian models for the target dynamics and measurement likelihood, where the environment is characterised by high clutter rate and low detection probability. The number of targets is estimated by continuously monitoring the events being represented by the regions of interest (ROIs) in the surveillance region. Subsequent to target detection, the sequential importance sampling filter is employed for recursive target state estimation, in conjunction with a 2-D data assignment method for measurement-to-target association. Computer simulations are also included to demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the proposed approach
Automatic Data Structure Repair for Self-Healing Systems

We have developed a system that accepts a specification of key data structure constraints, then dynamically detects and repairs violations of these constraints, enabling the program to recover from otherwise crippling errors to continue to execute productively. We present our experience using our system to repair violated constraints in a simplified version of the ext2 file system and in the CTAS air-traffic control program. Our experience indicates that the specifications are relatively straightforward to develop and that our technique enables the applications to effectively recover from data structure corruption errors.
THEORETICAL MORPHOSPACE AND ITS RELATION TO FRESHWATER GOMPHONEMOID-CYMBELLOID DIATOM (BACILLARIOPHYTA) LINEAGES

A number of basic forms in the gomphonemoid–cymbelloid diatom lineages were generated using three-dimensional (3D) parametric equations. The same boundary intervals and differentials for the parameters were used for all forms. From this, the absolute value of the Riemann sum of differences was determined for each variable between pairs of forms. The results were coordinate triplets, and they were plotted in 3D morphospace. Naviculoid forms occupied lower-valued morphospace in contrast to gomphonemoid and cymbelloid morphospaces. However, gomphonemoid and cymbelloid forms occupied different morphospaces. Forms representing Brebissonia occupied morphospace at the base of gomphonemoid forms, but occupied high-valued morphospace with respect to cymbelloid forms. Forms representing Encyonema had lower-valued coordinates compared to other cymbelloid forms. These results support hypotheses of Kociolek and Stoermer that state that naviculoid forms (and in particular, Placoneis) are ancestral to gomphonemoid and cymbelloid forms, Brebissonia is basal to gomphonemoid (but not cymbelloid) forms, and Encyonema is more primitive than other cymbelloid forms. This approach was useful in inferring the relation between theoretical morphospace and hypothesized phylogenies in the gomphonemoid–cymbelloid diatom lineages.
Humanitarian Surgical Care Provided by a French Forward Surgical Team: Ten Years of Providing Medical Support to the Population of the Ivory Coast.

INTRODUCTION The aims of this study were as follows: first to quantify and review the types of surgical procedures performed by military surgeons assigned to a Forward Surgical Team (FST) providing medical support to the population (MSP) in the Ivory Coast (IC), and second to analyze how this MSP was achieved. METHODS Between 2002 and 2012, all of the local nationals operated on by the different FSTs deployed in the IC were included in the study. The surgical activity was analyzed and divided into surgical specialties, war wounds, nonwar emergency trauma, nontrauma emergencies, and elective surgery. Demographics, circumstances of health care management, wounded organs, and types of surgical procedures were described. RESULTS Over this period, surgeons operated on 2,315 patients and performed 2,556 procedures. Elective surgery accounted for 78.7% of the surgical activity, nontrauma emergencies accounted for 12.7%, nonwar emergency trauma accounted for 8%, and war wounds accounted for 0.6%. The main surgical activities were visceral (43.8%) and orthopedic (including soft tissues) surgeries (38.5%). CONCLUSION The FSTs contributed widely to MSP in the IC. This MSP required limited resources, standardization of the procedures and specific skills beyond the original surgical specialties of military surgeons to fulfill the needs of the local population.
SDF^3: SDF For Free

SDF^3 is a tool for generating random Synchronous DataFlow Graphs (SDFGs), if desirable with certain guaranteed properties like strongly connectedness. It includes an extensive library of SDFG analysis and transformation algorithms as well as functionality to visualize them. The tool can create SDFG benchmarks that mimic DSP or multimedia applications.
Determinants of openness in innovation activities: Evidence from China

Open innovation has received increasingly research interests but so far it has mainly been analyzed in context of the leading and mature economies. Extant research on open innovation still offers little systematic insight of how and why firms in developing countries differ regarding the extent to which they conduct open innovation activities as well as those in developed countries do. Due to the different innovation dilemmas of indigenous firms in China, we focus on explaining the openness in innovation activities as a result of innovation weakness (includes firm-internal and firm-external), specifically, impediments to innovation. Based on our theoretical framework, three hypotheses are proposed on how different impediments to innovation determine the breadth and depth of open innovation. Then we test them by using an exceptionally large and detailed data set - China Innovation Survey (2008). Our results provide support for most of the hypothesized relationships but fail one. It is found that market-/institution-related impediments and finance/risk-related impediments will greatly increase openness. By contrast, knowledge/skill-related impediments do not show significant positive impact on promoting openness for most Chinese firms. We furthermore discuss the underlying reasons of these explorative findings and their significance to both academics and managers.
A Fast 3 × N Matrix Multiply Routine for Calculation of Protein RMSD

The bottleneck for the rapid calculation of the root-mean-square deviation in atomic coordinates (RMSD) between pairs of protein structures for large numbers of conformations is the evaluation of a 3 × N × N × 3 matrix product over conformation pairs. Here we describe two matrix multiply routines specialized for the 3 × N case that are able to significantly outperform (by up to 3X) off-the-shelf high-performance linear algebra libraries for this computation, reaching machine limits on performance. The routines are implemented in C and Python libraries, and are available at https://github.com/simtk/IRMSD.
A 2nd Generation Linkage Map of Heterobasidion annosum s.l. Based on In Silico Anchoring of AFLP Markers

In this study, we present a 2nd generation genetic linkage map of a cross between the North American species Heterobasidion irregulare and H. occidentale, based on the alignment of the previously published 1st generation map to the parental genomes. We anchored 216 of the original 308 AFLP markers to their respective restriction sites using an in silico-approach. The map resolution was improved by adding 146 sequence-tagged microsatellite markers and 39 sequenced gene markers. The new markers confirmed the positions of the anchored AFLP markers, fused the original 39 linkage groups together into 17, and fully expanded 12 of these to single groups covering entire chromosomes. Map coverage of the genome increased from 55.3% to 92.8%, with 96.3% of 430 markers collinearly aligned with the genome sequence. The anchored map also improved the H. irregulare assembly considerably. It identified several errors in scaffold arrangements and assisted in reducing the total number of major scaffolds from 18 to 15. This denser, more comprehensive map allowed sequence-based mapping of three intersterility loci and one mating type locus. This demonstrates the possibility to utilize an in silico procedure to convert anonymous markers into sequence-tagged ones, as well as the power of a sequence-anchored linkage map and its usefulness in the assembly of a whole genome sequence.
Dynamic response in magnetic force control using a laminate composite of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric materials

We investigate the dynamic response of a magnetic force control device composed of a laminate composite of magnetostrictive/piezoelectric material. The device exploits the inverse magnetostrictive effect of a magnetostrictive material so that the variation in the magnetization of the material, and hence the magnetic force in a magnetic circuit, can be controlled with a voltage to the piezoelectric material. Here, we compare the voltage-induced frequency responses of the admittance and flux (magnetic force) between the new device and a conventional electromagnet in order to identify the factors that degrade the response of the device. A finite-element calculation of the modal shape of the composite supports the observed correlation between the vibration of the composite and the flux in the gap in dynamic response.
Propagation in Human Cells of a Filterable Agent from the ST Feline Sarcoma

Nineteen lines of human fibroblasts were inoculated with a filtrate prepared from the ST feline sarcoma. Seven lines showed morphological alteration and released focus-forming activity for feline cells, 2 lines showed morphological alteration but did not release focus-forming activity, and 11 lines showed no morphological alteration and released no focus-forming agent. Morphologically altered cells appeared enlarged, hyper-refractile, and intensely stained by hematoxylin. They neither assumed a crisscross pattern nor piled up to form a visible focus. Time-lapse cinegraph showed that the morphologically altered cells did not divide and were motile. The fluid from two human fibroblast cultures, inoculated 4 and 14 weeks previously with the ST sarcoma filtrate, induced fibrosarcoma in newborn kittens.
Size-depth tradeoffs for algebraic formulae

Some tradeoffs between the size and depth of algebraic formulas are proved. It is shown that, for any fixed in >0, any algebraic formula of size S can be converted into an equivalent formula of depth O(log S) and size O(S/sup 1+ in /). This result is an improvement over previously known results where, to obtain the same depth bound, the formula size is Omega (S/sup alpha /), with alpha >or=2. <<ETX>>
In Vitro Evaluation of ESE-15-ol, an Estradiol Analogue with Nanomolar Antimitotic and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity

Antimitotic compounds are still one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs in the clinic today. Given their effectiveness against cancer it is beneficial to continue enhancing these drugs. One way is to improve the bioavailability and efficacy by synthesizing derivatives that reversibly bind to carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) in red blood cells followed by a slow release into the blood circulation system. In the present study we describe the in vitro biological activity of a reduced derivative of 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estradiol (2EE), 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5(10),15-tetraen-17-ol (ESE-15-ol). ESE-15-ol is capable of inhibiting carbonic anhydrase activity in the nanomolar range and is selective towards a mimic of carbonic anhydrase IX when compared to the CAII isoform. Docking studies using Autodock Vina suggest that the dehydration of the D-ring plays a role towards the selectivity of ESE-15-ol to CAIX and that the binding mode of ESE-15-ol is substantially different when compared to 2EE. ESE-15-ol is able to reduce cell growth to 50% after 48 h at 50–75 nM in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-12A cells. The compound is the least potent against the non-tumorigenic MCF-12A cells. In vitro mechanistic studies demonstrate that the newly synthesized compound induces mitochondrial membrane depolarization, abrogates the phosphorylation status of Bcl-2 and affects gene expression of genes associated with cell death and mitosis.
Action sounds update the mental representation of arm dimension: contributions of kinaesthesia and agency

Auditory feedback accompanies almost all our actions, but its contribution to body-representation is understudied. Recently it has been shown that the auditory distance of action sounds recalibrates perceived tactile distances on one’s arm, suggesting that action sounds can change the mental representation of arm length. However, the question remains open of what factors play a role in this recalibration. In this study we investigate two of these factors, kinaesthesia, and sense of agency. Across two experiments, we asked participants to tap with their arm on a surface while extending their arm. We manipulated the tapping sounds to originate at double the distance to the tapping locations, as well as their synchrony to the action, which is known to affect feelings of agency over the sounds. Kinaesthetic cues were manipulated by having additional conditions in which participants did not displace their arm but kept tapping either close (Experiment 1) or far (Experiment 2) from their body torso. Results show that both the feelings of agency over the action sounds and kinaesthetic cues signaling arm displacement when displacement of the sound source occurs are necessary to observe changes in perceived tactile distance on the arm. In particular, these cues resulted in the perceived tactile distances on the arm being felt smaller, as compared to distances on a reference location. Moreover, our results provide the first evidence of consciously perceived changes in arm-representation evoked by action sounds and suggest that the observed changes in perceived tactile distance relate to experienced arm elongation. We discuss the observed effects in the context of forward internal models of sensorimotor integration. Our results add to these models by showing that predictions related to action sounds must fit with kinaesthetic cues in order for auditory inputs to change body-representation.
AAV Based Ex Vivo Gene Therapy in Rabbit Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells for Osteogenesis

To explore a new source of adult derived stem cells for musculoskeletal tissue repair and regeneration, we isolated rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (rAMSCs) from adult rabbit adipose tissue. In vitro, the isolated cells were shown to possess the potential to differentiate into cells of mesenchymal lineages that include osteoblasts. The isolated cells were transduced with AAV2 vectors encoding eGFP, human BMP-2, and human TGF-￻ 1 genes prior to implantation into hind limb muscles of SCID mice to assess osteogenesis in vivo. The results showed that rAMSCs were more efficiently transduced with GFP by AAV2 than by AAV6. The AAV2-BMP2- and AAV-TGF-￻ 1- transduced rAMSCs showed efficient expression of BMP-2 and TGF-￻ 1 proteins in vitro. When the combination of AAV2-BMP2- and AAV-TGF-￻ 1-transduced rAMSCs were implanted into the thigh muscles of SCID mice, the cells osteogenically differentiated toward new bone formation at the implanted sites 15 days after implantation. This study demonstrates that rabbit adipose tissue contains cells with the potential to give rise to osteoblasts, and that the combination of AAV2-BMP-2- and AAV2-TGF-￻ 1-transduced rAMSCs may provide a novel strategy to enhance new bone formation in vivo in less than 3 weeks. In addition, the data suggest that the AAV2 vector is suitable for genetic engineering of rAMSCs.
On Matching and Thickness in Heterogeneous Dynamic Markets

We study dynamic matching in an infinite-horizon stochastic networked market, in which some agents are a priori more difficult to match than others. Agents have compatibility-based preferences and can match either bilaterally, or indirectly through chains. We study the effect matching technologies and matching policies have on efficiency in markets with different compositions of hard and easy-to-match agents. First, we analyze myopic matching policies and identify a strong connection between market thickness and the efficiency driven by the matching technology. We show that when "hard-to-match" agents join the market more frequently than "easy-to-match" ones, moving from bilateral matchings to chains significantly increases efficiency. Otherwise, the difference between matching bilaterally or through a chain is negligible. Second, we show that the lack of thickness cannot be compensated by non-myopic matching policies implying that the only way to thicken the market fruitfully is by attracting more agents.
Minimum camera barrier coverage in wireless camera sensor networks

Barrier coverage is an important issue in wireless sensor network. In wireless camera sensor networks, the cameras take the images or videos of target objects, the position and angle of camera sensor impact on the sense range. Therefore, the barrier coverage problem in camera sensor network is different from scalar sensor network. In this paper, based on the definition of full-view coverage, we focus on the Minimum Camera Barrier Coverage Problem (MCBCP) in wireless camera sensor networks in which the camera sensors are deployed randomly in a target field. Firstly, we partition the target field into disjoint subregions which are full-view-covered regions or not-full-view-covered regions. Then we model the full-view-covered regions and their relationship as a weighted directed graph. Based on the graph, we propose an algorithm to find a feasible solution for the MCBCP problem. We also proved the correctness of the solution for the MCBCP problem. Furthermore, we propose an optimal algorithm for the MCBCP problem. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms the existing algorithm.