Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New insight into cancer risks from radiation exposure of low dose and low dose rate

For example, the Chernobyl accident caused the deposition of radioisotopes over wide areas of the Northern Hemisphere, in particular in Europe ( Atlas of Caesium Deposition on Europe after the Chernobyl Accident, 1998), followed by protracted chronic exposure of some millions of people to external and internal radiation. You can see the map of radioactive contamination of Europe after the Chernobyl accident that took place in 1986.
Simulated annealing and iterated conditional modes with selective and confidence enhanced update schemes

Proposes a selective update scheme for both SA (simulated annealing) and ICMs (iterated conditional modes) which only visits sites within inhomogeneous neighborhoods. A second scheme is proposed to enhance the update confidence at each site by incorporating contextual information in terms of neighbor label class probability distributions, instead of their current realizations. The two update schemes reduce the computation demand and improve estimation accuracy. Both schemes are tested on a noise-contaminated Markov random field test image. The results show that ICM and SA with selective update achieve a computational savings of five times on average, without introducing noticeable degradation. The confidence enhanced update scheme, working with SA and ICM, much improves the final estimation accuracy. In particular for ICM, it produces similar results to those of SA, but uses only a fraction of the iterations needed by the latter. <<ETX>>
A Spectrum- and Power-Efficient EHF Mobile Satellite System to be Integrated with Terrestrial Cellular Systems

An EHF satellite system for land-mobile applications to be integrated with a terrestrial cellular system is described. An approach to evaluate the carrier-to-cochannel interference occurring in multispot satellite coverage adopting frequency reuse is introduced, and results from the analysis are shown. Criteria for spectrum efficiency evaluation are also outlined along with traffic and link budget estimates. Possible options for payload implementation and mobile terminal design are presented. >
Typed Entity and Relation Annotation on Computer Science Papers

We describe our ongoing effort to establish an annotation scheme for describing the semantic structures of research articles in the computer science domain, with the intended use of developing search systems that can refine their results by the roles of the entities denoted by the query keys. In our scheme, mentions of entities are annotated with ontology-based types, and the roles of the entities are annotated as relations with other entities described in the text. So far, we have annotated 400 abstracts from the ACL anthology and the ACM digital library. In this paper, the scheme and the annotated dataset are described, along with the problems found in the course of annotation. We also show the results of automatic annotation and evaluate the corpus in a practical setting in application to topic extraction.
Logistic mode-based credit rating assessment of listed companies

With the rapid development of the market economy,the traditional ways of trade are changing to credit transaction gradually.Credit risk is more likely to happen.To reduce the credit risk of the business and the consequence of the risk,people start to pay close attention to corporate credit rating.Through analyzing several models of evaluation and comparing their advantages and disadvantages,we selected Logistic model to evaluate corporate credit.With the four years' financial data of 97 quoted companies as the object,we used SPSS to analyze the relativity of the indexes.Then,we made the demonstration analysis combined with Mann-Whitney U.The result shows that Logistic model has good prediction effect on credit rating with good stability and strong extension.
Search persistence and failure on the web: a "bounded rationality" and "satisficing" analysis

– This paper aims to examine our current knowledge of how searchers perceive and react to the possibility of missing potentially important information whilst searching the web is limited. The study reported here seeks to investigate such perceptions and reactions, and to explore the extent to which Simon's “bounded rationality” theory is useful in illuminating these issues. , – Totally 37 academic staff, research staff and research students in three university departments were interviewed about their web searching. The open‐ended, semi‐structured interviews were inductively analysed. Emergence of the concept of “good enough” searching prompted a further analysis to explore the extent to which the data could be interpreted in terms of Simon's concepts of “bounded rationality” and “satisficing”. , – The results indicate that the risk of missing potentially important information was a matter of concern to the interviewees. Their estimations of the likely extent and importance of missed information affected decisions by individuals as to when to stop searching – decisions based on very different criteria, which map well onto Simon's concepts. On the basis of the interview data, the authors propose tentative categorizations of perceptions of the risk of missing information including “inconsequential” “tolerable” “damaging” and “disastrous” and search strategies including “perfunctory” “minimalist” “nervous” and “extensive”. It is concluded that there is at least a prima facie case for bounded rationality and satisficing being considered as potentially useful concepts in our quest better to understand aspects of human information behaviour. , – Although the findings are based on a relatively small sample and an exploratory qualitative analysis, it is argued that the study raises a number of interesting questions, and has implications for both the development of theory and practice in the areas of web searching and information literacy. , – The paper focuses on an aspect of web searching which has not to date been well explored. Whilst research has done much to illuminate searchers' perceptions of what they find on the web, we know relatively little of their perceptions of, and reactions to information that they fail to find. The study reported here provides some tentative models, based on empirical evidence, of these phenomena.
Dying, death, and medical education: student voices.

BACKGROUND Medical schools require time for end-of-life topic. However, there is very little medical literature that directly addresses how medical students and residents are to behave, manage emotion, and confront their own grieving process when patients die. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to understand how preclinical medical students describe feelings toward the death of a hypothetical patient in order to affect curricular change at our institution. DESIGN Qualitative methods using narrative analysis of student papers to identify patterns, core constructs, and themes related to student's projected feelings on patient death. SETTING/SUBJECTS Federal medical school with volunteer medical students from the class of 2005. RESULTS Two thirds of the students (108/162) volunteered to participate. Five significant themes emerged including: (1) affective responses (guilt, fear, blame, impotence), (2) personal experience with death, (3) survivorship and professionalism, (4) the meaning of death, and (5) the affects of religion and spirituality. Many feared facing families and responding to grief. An active belief in an afterlife was mentioned as a coping strategy by 40% of the students. CONCLUSIONS End-of-life curriculum is more than teaching about the clinical care of the patient and support of family. These medical students overwhelmingly identified the need for coping strategies when confronting the dying patient. Teaching students these coping strategies should be an integral part of an end-of-life curriculum. Writing exercises cannot only help students recognize and reflect upon their emotions and feelings, but also allow educators a window into curricular elements that need to be added to death and dying education.
Building Reputation in China: A Case Study from the Sports Industry

In this article, we propose to study the case of the management of reputation when a sports company aims to penetrate the Chinese market. The sporting sector is an environment that suffers from strong instability as it is reliant upon sporting results. We intend to understand how sports organizations can exploit resources linked to reputation in order to develop a sustainable strategy in the Chinese market. On the basis of the case study of the Olympique Lyonnais Football Club, the leading football club in France, we propose a matrix that we use to analyze the mobilization of resources for the development of reputation in China.
An improved grey model for forecasting spot and long term electricity price

With the deepening reform to power industries, power systems are going to gradually open the demand side and the power consumers have to face the changes of their role in the market, and make a preliminary long-term forecasting for the electricity prices. In order to consider the relations between the spot market and the long-term contract market, this paper builds a multi-electricity price grey model to comprehensive forecast the prices of the 2 markets; further researches the structure of the background value, and improves the multi-electricity price grey model; and introduces the residual error, the related grade, the mean variance ratio and the little probability of error as test indexes. The test results show that the multi-electricity price grey forecasting model and its improved model have better accuracy, and the improved model has stronger adaptability and extends the application range.
1 Stoichiometric Ratio in Calixarene Complexes

Stoichiometry is a fundamental concept in chemistry that refers to the ratios of products and reactants in any chemical reaction. It is an important concept in both chemical reactions and biochemical processes. A stoichiometric ratio represents the relationship among the elements or molecules present in an equation. Using the correct stoichiometric amount of reactant will yield the maximum amount of product under the proper thermodynamic and kinetic conditions.
On studying managerial elites

The study of managerial elites is one of the most important, yet neglected areas of social science research. This paper synthesizes and critically reviews three intellectual traditions in the study of managerial elites. These are: interlocking directorates and the study of institutional and societal power, the study of boards and directors, and the composition and correlates of top management teams. The paper concludes by arguing for the development of a complementary research tradition which combines a contextual and processual analysis of managerial elites.
Allelotyping in B-Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL)

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a heterogeneous malignant disease, both in terms of molecular abnormalities and clinical course. The most frequent chromosomal aberrations in B-CLL are deletions on 13q, 11q, and 17p, and trisomy 12, all of which are of prognostic significance. These aberrations can be detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), but cytogenetics are hampered by the low mitotic index of B-CLL cells, and FISH depends on genetic information of candidate regions. Microsatellites are unique highly polymorphic and informative genetic markers dispersed in the human genome. They have become the most commonly used markers to trace loss of heterozygosity in tumors. Their detection by PCR is rapid and can be semi-automated with maximal robustness and reproducibility. In this review, we discuss the implications of a recent genome-wide analysis in B-CLL with 400 microsatellite markers. This analysis led to the detection of new aberrant loci in B-CLL which are not visible in the leukemic conventional karyotype. We conclude that microsatellite allelotyping provides a complementary comprehensive view of genetic alterations in B-CLL, and it may identify new loci with candidate genes relevant in the molecular biology of B-CLL.
Appeal of online collectible card games: social features of hearthstone

Online Collectible Card Games (OCCGs) are enormously popular worldwide. Previous studies found that the social aspects of physical CCGs are crucial for players' motivation and engagement. We know little about the different types of sociability that OCCGs afford. This study aims to identify social design features that may affect players' sense of social presence and motivation. It will also investigate how these features and social structures impact players' wellness and sense of community in an eSport center on a university campus. We will:1) identify social design features of popular OCCGs and organize them into different categories of sociability; 2) conduct a large scale online survey on OCCG forums to investigate their effects on players' motivation; 3) periodically survey and interview Hearthstone players at QUT eSports for six months to examine the role of social features of OCCGs on participants' wellbeing and community formation on campus. The results of this study will not only help us understand why OCCGs are very popular but also can be used to inform best practices and principles in OCCGs, as well as investigate community building benefits of OCCGs at a university campus1.
Aggregation of large-scale electrical energy transmission networks

Electrical energy transmission systems are facing major challenges like the continuing integration of renewable energy sources and the coupling of the European electricity markets. Investigating the impact of such developments on the transmission systems by network analysis involves a high computional effort due to the system size. Thus, complex analyses like network extension planning are difficult and demanding tasks. In order to address this problem, various methodologies have been developed which reduce the network complexity through aggregation of network elements. Following this approach, this paper proposes a new network aggregation methodology which simplifies highly intermeshed areas of large-scale transmission systems by replacing them with equivalent nodes. These nodes are connected with equivalent branches representing the area's interconnections. The resulting aggregated network model preserves the active-power flow characteristic of the original network, and is therefore suitable for load flow based network analysis.
A model for strategic repositioning of service processes

The restructuring of service channels, driven by deregulation, intensifying global competition and emerging information technology, is forcing every company to re‐evaluate the adequacy of current customer services. Introduces a normative model, called service process analysis (SPA), that properly differentiates the concept of service from the specification of the delivery channel so as to facilitate the analysis of repositioning strategies. In SPA, efficient matching of services and channels is determined on the basis of the trade‐off between production costs and transaction costs involved. Compares the SPA model with some well‐known frameworks and measurement schemes and illustrates its implications for the repositioning of service strategies in selected industries.
Stochastic phase dynamics of noise driven synchronization of uncoupled conditional coherent oscillators

We consider a pair of uncoupled conditional oscillators near a subcritical Hopf bifurcation that are driven by two weak white noise sources, one intrinsic and one common. In this context the noise drives oscillations in a setting where the underlying deterministic dynamics are quiescent. Synchronization of these noise-driven oscillations is considered, where the noise is also driving synchronization. We first derive the envelope equations of the noise-driven oscillations using a stochastic multiple scales method, providing access to phase and amplitude information. Using both a linearized approximation and an asymptotic analysis of the nonlinear system, we obtain approximations for the probability density of the phase difference of the oscillators. It is found that common noise increases the degree of synchrony in the pair of oscillators, which can be characterized by the ratio of intrinsic to common noise. Asymptotic expressions for the phase difference density provide explicit parametric expressions for the probability of observing different phase dynamics: in-phase synchronization, phase shifted oscillations, and non-synchronized states. Computational results are provided to support analytical conclusions.
How does asymmetric information relate to investment efficiency? Evidence from analysts' earnings forecasts and daily stock trading

How Does Asymmetric Information Relate to Investment Efficiency? Evidence from Analysts’ Earnings Forecasts and Daily Stock Trading by XIE Lingmin Master of Philosophy The adverse selection and agency cost theories suggest that the informational transparency of a firm can help to reduce overor under-investment. This thesis examines how information asymmetry influences firm-level investment efficiency for companies listed in the U.S. market from 1993 to 2009. Information asymmetry is measured by the dispersion and error of the earnings forecasts made by financial analysts. I investigate how information asymmetry affects firms’ proneness to overor under-invest and the firms’ deviations from the investment levels predicted by investment opportunities. To be consistent with the prior literature, I also use the volatility of daily stock returns and yearly high-low price spreads derived from daily stock trading as alternative proxies of information asymmetry. The results show that lower information asymmetry is associated with more efficient investment. Specifically, a good information environment reduces capital investment for firms that are more prone to over-invest and increases capital investment for those that are more prone to under-invest. In addition, lower information asymmetry is also negatively associated with firm investment when the firm is over-investing and is positively associated with firm investment when the firm is under-investing The results are robust across different regression methodologies and to different estimates of the variables. My findings are consistent with the agency theories of adverse selection and principal-agent conflict.
H∞ robust control with improved prescribed performance for a class of strict feedback nonlinear systems

In this paper, an H∞ robust prescribed tracking controller is designed for a class of strict feedback nonlinear systems based on backstepping technique. The improved prescribed performance constraint guarantees the transient and steady state performance of nonlinear system. The dynamic surface control is adopted to overcome the differential explosion problem in the backstepping design procedure. The impacts of uncertainties in the system can be attenuated by H∞ control. The stability analysis proves that the controller design procedure is simple with low complexity and robustness. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the controller.
Age-specific usability issues of software interfaces

The aim of the present study was to identify shortcomings of electronic interface designs for older users. Beyond general ergonomic factors, the study focused primarily on visual and language aspects of interface design. By means of a multi-method approach, combining cognitive walkthrough procedures with a usability test, age-specific problems and requirements of older computer users were examined. In the cognitive walkthrough shortcomings of a sample application were analyzed. In the usability test the navigation performance of older users (aged 55+) was contrasted to a young adult group, to identify usability problems, which are age-exclusive (interaction difficulties only for older users) and age-specific (general problems that are more pronounced in the older group).
WARM MOLECULAR GAS IN LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES

We present our initial results on the CO rotational spectral line energy distribution (SLED) of the J to J−1 transitions from J = 4 up to 13 from Herschel SPIRE spectroscopic observations of 65 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey. The observed SLEDs change on average from one peaking at J ⩽ 4 to a broad distribution peaking around J ∼ 6 to 7 as the IRAS 60-to-100 μm color, C(60/100), increases. However, the ratios of a CO line luminosity to the total infrared luminosity, LIR, show the smallest variation for J around 6 or 7. This suggests that, for most LIRGs, ongoing star formation (SF) is also responsible for a warm gas component that emits CO lines primarily in the mid-J regime (5 ≲ J ≲ 10). As a result, the logarithmic ratios of the CO line luminosity summed over CO (5−4), (6−5), (7−6), (8−7) and (10−9) transitions to LIR, log RmidCO, remain largely independent of C(60/100), and show a mean value of −4.13 () and a sample standard deviation of only 0.10 for the SF-dominated galaxies. Including additional galaxies from the literature, we show, albeit with a small number of cases, the possibility that galaxies, which bear powerful interstellar shocks unrelated to the current SF, and galaxies, in which an energetic active galactic nucleus contributes significantly to the bolometric luminosity, have their RmidCO higher and lower than , respectively.
Transition Structures for 3-D Integration of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Interconnects

Two transition structures, via and aperture transitions, used for 3-D integration of substrate integrated waveguide interconnects are investigated in this letter. Equivalent circuits for both structures are presented and evaluated through parametric studies and error analysis in comparison with fullwave simulations. The models are also validated by measurements of two test-boards containing the via and aperture transitions.
Enhanced lensed fiber for Si-nanowire coupling

We propose a lensed fiber design exhibiting good coupling efficiency together with a long working distance for the coupling of silicon based nanophotonic waveguides to a single mode optical fiber. The lensed fiber consists of a coreless fiber tip coated with a high refractive index material. Numerical simulations show that the coupling loss as low as −0.5 dB can be achieved with a working distance of ∼37 µm for coupling from a nanowire waveguide with a mode field diameter of 700 nm to our lensed fiber. This optimized fiber design has a radius of curvature of 60 µm, a 800 µm-long coreless fiber section, and a 10 µm-thick coating layer with an index of 3.7.