Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The anti‐inflammatory compound BAY‐11‐7082 is a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases

The families of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) function in a coordinated manner to regulate signal transduction events that are critical for cellular homeostasis. Aberrant tyrosine phosphorylation, resulting from disruption of either PTP or PTK function, has been shown to be the cause of major human diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Consequently, the characterization of small‐molecule inhibitors of these kinases and phosphatases may not only provide molecular probes with which to define the significance of particular signaling events, but also may have therapeutic implications. BAY‐11‐7082 is an anti‐inflammatory compound that has been reported to inhibit IκB kinase activity. The compound has an α,β‐unsaturated electrophilic center, which confers the property of being a Michael acceptor; this suggests that it may react with nucleophilic cysteine‐containing proteins, such as PTPs. In this study, we demonstrated that BAY‐11‐7082 was a potent, irreversible inhibitor of PTPs. Using mass spectrometry, we have shown that BAY‐11‐7082 inactivated PTPs by forming a covalent adduct with the active‐site cysteine. Administration of the compound caused an increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation in RAW 264 macrophages, similar to the effects of the generic PTP inhibitor sodium orthovanadate. These data illustrate that BAY‐11‐7082 is an effective pan‐PTP inhibitor with cell permeability, revealing its potential as a new probe for chemical biology approaches to the study of PTP function. Furthermore, the data suggest that inhibition of PTP function may contribute to the many biological effects of BAY‐11‐7082 that have been reported to date.
Travel coaching: commuter evaluations of behaviour change dialogue sessions

Travel coaching is a structured interpersonal dialogue that explores options for using various transport alternatives. A facilitator guides the participant in clarifying their goals, creating personally unique solutions, and then establishes a mentoring relationship to maintain ongoing contact with the participant. The paper presents results from travel coaching sessions conducted with 50 volunteer UniSA staff and students as part of a Travel Smart initiative on the Mawson Lakes campus. The authors characterize "readiness to act" with regard to commuting behaviour by profiling university staff and students in terms of Doppelt's phased model of dissonance, beliefs about self-efficacy, and benefits attainment and social mentoring. How the travel coaching design and outcomes differed by user groups is detailed, as well the distribution of unique travel arrangements that were generated by the participants. The majority of content in the sessions related to cycle commuting, trialling new travel modes one day a week or for commitments on non-suburban campuses, and options that emerge as part of non-work lifestyle discussions. Despite work schedules, family pressure, equipment requirements and out-of-hours responsibilities, coupled with known barriers to public transit ridership and cycling, 84 per cent of participants could still articulate an action they desired for reducing car use. Evaluation results for the travel coaching sessions show moderate satisfaction levels, with suggestions for process improvements. The data is presented within the context of a baseline survey on staff and student commuting to campus. The research suggests process barriers and refinements, and targets potential high impact uses of the travel coaching method.
Midterm Outcome of Mechanochemical Endovenous Ablation for the Treatment of Great Saphenous Vein Insufficiency

Purpose: To report the midterm results of mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) for treating great saphenous vein (GSV) insufficiency. Methods: In a 1-year period, 85 consecutive patients (median age 51.4 years; 71 women) undergoing MOCA with polidocanol in 104 limbs were enrolled in a prospective registry. The patients were evaluated at baseline and during follow-up (4 weeks and 1, 2, and 3 years) using duplex ultrasound, the CEAP (clinical, etiologic, anatomic and pathophysiologic) classification, the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), the RAND Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (RAND-SF36), and the Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ). Primary outcome measures were clinical and anatomic success. Secondary outcome measures included general and disease-specific quality of life and reinterventions. Results: Technical success (99%) was achieved in all but 1 patient in whom technical problems with the device led to conversion to another method for treatment of 2 limbs. After a median follow-up of 36 months (interquartile range 12.5, 46.3), recanalization occurred in 15 (15%) of 102 successfully treated vein segments. Anatomic success was 92%, 90%, and 87% after 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The VCSS improved at all time intervals compared to the preprocedure median. The clinical success at 3 years was 83%. The AVVQ and RAND-SF36 scores showed an improvement at all time intervals compared to baseline values. Between 12 and 36 months, however, a significant deterioration was observed in VCSS, which was accompanied by worsening of disease-specific and general quality of life. Conclusion: In the longest follow-up of MOCA to date, this study shows MOCA to be an effective treatment modality for GSV insufficiency at midterm follow-up, but clinical results seem to drop over time.
Developmental trajectories in children with and without autism spectrum disorders: the first 3 years.

Retrospective studies indicate 2 major classes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) onset: early and later, after a period of relatively healthy development. This prospective, longitudinal study examined social, language, and motor trajectories in 235 children with and without a sibling with autism, ages 6-36 months. Children were grouped as: ASD identified by 14 months, ASD identified after 14 months, and no ASD. Despite groups' initial similar developmental level at 6 months, ASD groups exhibited atypical trajectories thereafter. Impairment from 14 to 24 months was greater in the Early-ASD than the Later-ASD group, but comparable at 36 months. Developmental plateau and regression occurred in some children with ASD, regardless of timing of ASD diagnosis. Findings indicate a preclinical phase of varying duration for ASD.
Gestural interaction on the steering wheel: reducing the visual demand

Cars offer an increasing number of infotainment systems as well as comfort functions that can be controlled by the driver. In our research, we investigate new interaction techniques that aim to make it easier to interact with these systems while driving. We suggest utilizing the steering wheel as an additional interaction surface. In this paper, we present two user studies conducted with a working prototype of a multi-touch steering wheel. In the first, we developed a user-defined steering wheel gesture set, and in the second, we applied the identified gestures and compared their application to conventional user interaction with infotainment systems in terms of driver distraction. The main outcome was that driver's visual demand is reduced significantly by using gestural interaction on the multi-touch steering wheel.
The Relationship Between Reality Altruistic Behavior and Internet Altruistic Behavior:the Role of Online Social Support

Based on 366 college students and with Internet Altruistic Behavior Scale of Undergraduates,Adolescents'0nline Social Support Questionnaire and College Students ' Altruistic Behavior Questionnaire,a survey was conducted to examine the mediating and moderating role of online social support on the relationship between reality altruistic behavior and internet altruistic behavior.The results indicated that:(1) The total average score of college students'internet altruistic behavior was significantly lower than medium critical value,while the total average score of their reality altruistic behavior and online social support were significantly higher than medium critical value. (2) There were significant positive correlations among reality altruistic behavior,online social support and internet altruistic behavior. (3) The effect of reality altruistic behavior on internet altruistic behavior was fully mediated by online social support. (4) Online social support also moderated the relationship between reality altruistic behavior and internet altruistic behavior.Compared to less online social supporters,the effect of reality altruistic behavior on internet altruistic behavior was much stronger for higher online social support counterparts.
Slope of Inflow Impacts Dynamic Decision Making

In this paper, we show how participants learn to control a simple dynamic stocks and flows task with repeated inflow and outflow decisions. We present the effect that environmental inflow functions of different slopes (positive and negative) have on our ability to control the simple dynamic system. We investigate this slope effect in two experiments with two kinds of functions (linear and non-linear), and we formalize the decision-making process through a System Dynamics model. A process of human and model data fitting common in the Cognitive Sciences helped explain the reasons for the differences found in a system in which the slope of the inflow function is positive in contrast to one in which the slope inflow function is negative (although the total system net flow is the same).
Application of Mobile Communication System to Improve the Accessibility of the Visually Disabled

Spectacular development of information & communications technology has brought study results in various aspects for the improvement of accessibility of social minorities, the blind in a stream. It is the very navigation for the blind using GPS or mobile phone. Also, even if studies are not direct for the blind, studies on navigations for pedestrians or Mobile Robots can be included in this category. However, devices for the blind based on those studies still have many experimental aspects and have many problems to be settled for concrete realization. Social foundation as well as portable devices for the blind is necessary first, but those confront difficulties such as the lack of recognition and high costs. Therefore, this study aims for intensive study and presentation on what kinds of systems should be prepared for the practical application of recently improved mobile communication technology and preparation of social foundation.
PG1058 Is a Novel Multidomain Protein Component of the Bacterial Type IX Secretion System

Porphyromonas gingivalis utilises the Bacteroidetes-specific type IX secretion system (T9SS) to export proteins across the outer membrane (OM), including virulence factors such as the gingipains. The secreted proteins have a conserved carboxy-terminal domain essential for type IX secretion that is cleaved upon export. In P. gingivalis the T9SS substrates undergo glycosylation with anionic lipopolysaccharide (A-LPS) and are attached to the OM. In this study, comparative analyses of 24 Bacteroidetes genomes identified ten putative novel components of the T9SS in P. gingivalis, one of which was PG1058. Computer modelling of the PG1058 structure predicted a novel N- to C-terminal architecture comprising a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain, a β-propeller domain, a carboxypeptidase regulatory domain-like fold (CRD) and an OmpA_C-like putative peptidoglycan binding domain. Inactivation of pg1058 in P. gingivalis resulted in loss of both colonial pigmentation and surface-associated proteolytic activity; a phenotype common to T9SS mutants. Immunoblot and LC-MS/MS analyses of subcellular fractions revealed T9SS substrates accumulated within the pg1058 mutant periplasm whilst whole-cell ELISA showed the Kgp gingipain was absent from the cell surface, confirming perturbed T9SS function. Immunoblot, TEM and whole-cell ELISA analyses indicated A-LPS was produced and present on the pg1058 mutant cell surface although it was not linked to T9SS substrate proteins. This indicated that PG1058 is crucial for export of T9SS substrates but not for the translocation of A-LPS. PG1058 is a predicted lipoprotein and was localised to the periplasmic side of the OM using whole-cell ELISA, immunoblot and LC-MS/MS analyses of subcellular fractions. The structural prediction and localisation of PG1058 suggests that it may have a role as an essential scaffold linking the periplasmic and OM components of the T9SS.
Affiliation and Control in Marital Interaction

The principle of complementarity in interpersonal theory states that an actor’s behavior tends to “pull, elicit, invite, or evoke” responses from interaction partners who are similar in affiliation (i.e., warmth vs. hostility) and opposite in control (i.e., dominance vs. submissiveness). Furthermore, complementary interactions are proposed to evoke less negative affect and promote greater relationship satisfaction. These predictions were examined in two studies of married couples. Results suggest that complementarity in affiliation describes a robust general pattern of marital interaction, but complementarity in control varies across contexts. Consistent with behavioral models of marital interaction, greater levels of affiliation and lower control by partners—not complementarity in affiliation or control—were associated with less anger and anxiety and greater relationship quality. Partners’ levels of affiliation and control combined in ways other than complementarity—mostly additively, but sometimes synergistically—to predict negative affect and relationship satisfaction.
Adaptation and cross-adaptation to odor stimulation of olfactory receptors in the tiger salamander

We have used the effects of self- and cross-adaptation on the unitary responses of olfactory receptors of the tiger salamander to odor stimulation to investigate the stimulus-specific components of these responses and to provide information about the cross-cell variations in the numbers and numbers of types of constitutent receptive sites. An olfactometer delivered sequential odorous pulses, either juxtaposed or separated by a variable time delay. We used four pairs of odorants judged to be similar within a given pair. The unitary response to the test stimulation relative to that of the conditioning stimulation varied from being unchanged to being completely eliminated. We sometimes observed substantial poststimulus increases in the firing rate following stimulation with juxtaposed odorous pulse. Except in the case of one odorant pair, cross-adaptation occurred both with juxtaposed pulses and with pulses separated in time. With the methyl butyrate/ethyl butyrate odorant pair, however, statistically significant cross-adaptation appeared only with juxtaposed pulses. We propose a simple model to aid in explaining these phenomena. The experimental observations in conjunction with this model are used to obtain estimates of the maximal and minimal number of receptive site types available for interaction with the chosen odorants.
Individual differences in spatial frequency processing in scene perception: the influence of autism-related traits

ABSTRACT Previous research suggested that coarse (High Spatial Frequency or HSF) and fine (Low Spatial Frequency or LSF) spatial information are flexibly used at different stages of processing during scene recognition in daily life. We tried to replicate and extend these findings by presenting non-social real-life scenes either as a normal picture, solely defined by LSF or HSF information, or using hybrid images consisting of overlaid LSF and HSF scene information. These were used as (in)congruent prime stimuli, modulating the rapid detection of a normal target picture in a 2-Alternative Forced Choice (2-AFC) categorization task (manmade versus natural). Our results indicated that coarse spatial information was more effective with shorter prime presentation times and fine spatial information required a longer prime presentation to influence participant performance. Interestingly, higher scores on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient questionnaire modified the impact of HSF prime information on target identification and influenced performance when ambiguous hybrid prime information preceded the categorization task.
Correlation between two clinical balance measures in older adults: functional mobility and sensory organization test.

BACKGROUND Functional mobility of older adults has been shown to correlate with stance stability to various extents. This variability could be due to the difference in the way sensory information is processed in these two types of balance tests. Correlations between functional mobility and stance stability under altered sensory conditions, such as those in the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), are needed to test this possibility. The present study investigated the correlation between the performance of older adults on a newly developed Sensory-Oriented Mobility Assessment Instrument (SOMAI) and on the various sensory conditions of the SOT. METHODS Twenty-seven community-dwelling older adults (76 +/- 7 years) underwent tests of the six SOT conditions and 10 SOMAI mobility maneuvers performed under normal- and focal-vision (peripheral vision eliminated) conditions. Behavioral performance in the two SOMAI conditions and the amounts of postural sway in the six SOT conditions were ranked among the subjects. Correlations of performance rankings on these two tests were analyzed. RESULTS Performance on the two SOMAI conditions significantly correlated with that on the SOT conditions in which accurate visual, vestibular, and somatosensory inputs were all present (p < .05). Performance on the focal-vision SOMAI condition was also significantly correlated with that on the SOT condition in which somatosensory input was unreliable for orientation while visual and vestibular inputs were reliable (p < .05). There were no correlations between the SOMAI performance and performance on the no-vision or unreliable-vision SOT conditions. CONCLUSIONS The ability to use all visual, somatosensory, and vestibular inputs for balance was correlated with functional mobility. The moderate correlations between the performance on the normal-sensory SOT condition and the SOMAI conditions suggest that body systems other than balance senses also contribute to mobility performance.
The Use of an MEG/fMRI-Compatible Finger Motion Sensor in Detecting Different Finger Actions

This paper explores the use of a novel device in detecting different finger actions among healthy individuals and individuals with stroke. The device is magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) compatible. It was prototyped to have four air-filled chambers that are made of silicone elastomer, which contains low magnetizing materials. When an individual compresses the device with his/her fingers, each chamber experiences a change in pressure, which is detected by a pressure sensor. In a previous recent work, our device was shown to be MEG/fMRI compatible. In this study, our research effort focuses on using the device to detect different finger actions (e.g., grasping and pinching) in non-shielded rooms. This is achieved by applying a support vector machine to the sensor data collected from the device when participants are resting and executing the different finger actions. The total number of possible finger actions that can be executed using the device is 31. The healthy participants could perform all the 31 different finger actions and the average classification accuracy achieved is 95.53 ± 2.63%. The stroke participants could perform all the 31 different finger actions with their healthy hand and the average classification accuracy achieved is 83.13 ± 6.69%. Unfortunately, the functions of their affected hands are compromised due to stroke. Thus, the number of finger actions they could perform ranges from 2 to 24, depending on the level of impairments. The average classification accuracy for the affected hand is 83.99 ± 16.38%. The ability to identify different finger actions using the device can provide a mean to researchers to label the data automatically in MEG/fMRI studies. In addition, the sensor data acquired from the device provide sensorimotor-related information, such as speed and force, when the device is compressed. Thus, brain activations can be correlated with this information during different finger actions. Finally, the device can be used to assess the recovery of the sensory and motor functions of individuals with stroke when paired with fMRI.
Ultra-high resolution array painting facilitates breakpoint sequencing

Objective: To describe a considerably advanced method of array painting, which allows the rapid, ultra-high resolution mapping of translocation breakpoints such that rearrangement junction fragments can be amplified directly and sequenced. Method: Ultra-high resolution array painting involves the hybridisation of probes generated by the amplification of small numbers of flow-sorted derivative chromosomes to oligonucleotide arrays designed to tile breakpoint regions at extremely high resolution. Results and discussion: How ultra-high resolution array painting of four balanced translocation cases rapidly and efficiently maps breakpoints to a point where junction fragments can be amplified easily and sequenced is demonstrated. With this new development, breakpoints can be mapped using just two array experiments: the first using whole-genome array painting to tiling resolution large insert clone arrays, the second using ultra-high-resolution oligonucleotide arrays targeted to the breakpoint regions. In this way, breakpoints can be mapped and then sequenced in a few weeks.
Large fluctuations in stochastic population dynamics: momentum-space calculations

Momentum-space representation provides an interesting perspective on the theory of large fluctuations in populations undergoing Markovian stochastic gain–loss processes. This representation is obtained when the master equation for the probability distribution of the population size is transformed into an evolution equation for the probability generating function. Spectral decomposition then yields an eigenvalue problem for a non-Hermitian linear differential operator. The ground-state eigenmode encodes the stationary distribution of the population size. For long-lived metastable populations which exhibit extinction or escape to another metastable state, the quasi-stationary distribution and the mean time to extinction or escape are encoded by the eigenmode and eigenvalue of the lowest excited state. If the average population size in the stationary or quasi-stationary state is large, the corresponding eigenvalue problem can be solved via the WKB approximation amended by other asymptotic methods. We illustrate these ideas in several model examples.