Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Distributed Execution Platforms for Cyber-Physical Systems with Applications to High-Performance Buildings

We propose a methodology, and its embodiment into a design flow, to realize execution platforms for high-performance building applications. This is an example of a class of cyber-physical systems where a network of sensors, controllers, and actuators must be designed under physical spatial constraints to implement various types of signal processing and control tasks. In our approach, the applications are specified using the dataflow model of computation while the building dictates the physical constraints, including the position of sensors and actuators. We present a rigorous formulation of the design-space exploration problem and we propose to solve it by progressing through a sequence of refinement steps from specification to detailed implementation. Two key steps are the synthesis of the computation platform and the synthesis of the communication network. Combined, they allow us to automatically derive an optimal implementation through the selection and composition of processing and networking elements from given technology libraries. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach by comparing it to the manual design of a given case study: the real-time estimation of building occupancy using a network of video cameras.
Chloral hydrate-dependent reduction in the peptidoglycan-induced inflammatory macrophage response is associated with lower expression levels of toll-like receptor 2

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of chloral hydrate on the peptidoglycan (PGN)-induced inflammatory macrophage response. The effect of chloral hydrate on the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by murine peritoneal macrophages with PGN-stimulation was investigated. In addition, RAW264.7 cells transfected with a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) luciferase reporter plasmid stimulated by PGN were used to study the effect of chloral hydrate on the levels NF-κB activity. Flow cytometry and western blotting were performed to investigate the expression levels of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in the treated RAW264.7 cells. It was identified that chloral hydrate reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by the peritoneal macrophages stimulated with PGN. The levels of NF-κB activity of the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by PGN decreased following treatment with chloral hydrate, which was associated with a reduction in the expression levels of TLR2 and reduced levels of TLR2 signal transduction. These data demonstrate that chloral hydrate reduced the magnitude of the PGN-induced inflammatory macrophage response associated with lower expression levels of TLR2.
Electrochemical Detecting Lung Cancer-Associated Antigen Based on Graphene-Gold Nanocomposite

Using a Au nanoparticle/reduced graphene oxide composite (AuNP-RGO), a signal-enhanced electrochemical immunosensor without label was created to detect neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Furthermore, an environmentally-friendly method was developed to prepare AuNP-RGO by employing chitosan (CS), which served as reducing and stabilizing agent. We showed that the sensitivity of the immunosensor designed in this report was remarkably enhanced because of the numerous active sites in the sensor provided by the AuNP-RGO nanostructure. For the quantification of NSE, the immunosensor exhibited a positive linear relationship with the concentration in the range of 0.1 to 2000 ng/mL, where the limit of the detection was 0.05 ng/mL.
P I C C P M

Hilbert’s original aim, to show the consistency of the use of such ideal elements by finitistic means, which would su ffice to eliminate these ideal elements from proofs of purely universal (‘real’) theorems (‘Hilbert’s program’), turned out to be impossible for theories containing a su fficient amount of number theory by K. Gödel’s 2nd incompleteness theorem. Nevetheless, various partial realizations of this program and many relative consistency proofs could be achieved. One class of tools used to obtain this are so-called proof interpretations I which transform proofs p in theoriesT of theoremsA into new proofspI in theoriesT I of the interpretationAI of A. If (0 = 1)I ≡ (0 = 1), then this yields a consistency proof for T relative to the assumed consistency of T I . Whereas, Hilbert’s program focusses exclusively on (ideal proofs of) purely universal theorems, a natural ‘shift of emphasis’ (G. Kreisel) is to try to apply proof interpretations to interesting proofs of existential theorems with the goal to extract new information from the proof which was not visible beforehand. 1 This new information often consists of effective data such as algorithms or e ffective bounds (extracted from prima facie ineffective proofs) but also continuous dependence or even full independence of
Jitter transfer characteristics of delay-locked loops - theories and design techniques

This paper presents analyses and experimental results on the jitter transfer of delay-locked loops (DLLs). Through a z-domain model, we show that in a widely used DLL configuration, jitter peaking always exists and high-frequency jitter does not get attenuated as previous analyses suggest. This is true even in a first-order DLL and an overdamped second-order DLL. The amount of jitter peaking is shown to trade off with the tracking bandwidth and, therefore, the acquisition time. Techniques to reduce jitter amplification by loop filtering and phase filtering are discussed. Measurements from a prototype chip incorporating the discussed techniques confirm the prediction of the analytical model. In environments where the reference clock is noisy or where multiple timing circuits are cascaded, this jitter amplification effect should be carefully evaluated.
New constraints on a triaxial model of the Galaxy

We determine the most likely values of the free parameters of an N-body model for the Galaxy developed by Fux via a discrete–discrete comparison with the positions on the sky and line-of-sight velocities of an unbiased, homogeneous sample of OH/IR stars. Via Monte Carlo simulation, we find the plausibility of the best-fitting models, as well as the errors on the determined values. The parameters that are constrained best by these projected data are the total mass of the model and the viewing angle of the central bar, although the distribution of the latter has multiple maxima. The other two free parameters, the size of the bar and the (azimuthal) velocity of the Sun, are less well-constrained. The best model has a viewing angle of ∼ 44°, a semimajor axis of 2.5 kpc (corotation radius 4.5 kpc, pattern speed 46 km s−1 kpc−1), a bar mass of 1.7×1010 M⊙ and a tangential velocity of the local standard of rest of 171 km s−1. We argue that the lower values that are commonly found from stellar data for the viewing angle (∼25°) arise when too few coordinates are available, when the longitude range is too narrow or when low latitudes are excluded from the fit. The new constraints on the viewing angle of the Galactic bar from stellar line-of-sight velocities decrease further the ability of the distribution of the bar to account for the observed microlensing optical depth toward Baade’s window: our model reproduces only half the observed value. The signal of triaxiality diminishes quickly with increasing latitude, fading within approximately 1 scaleheight (≲3°). This suggests that Baade’s window is not a very appropriate region in which to sample bar properties.
Awakening and Counterregulatory Response to Hypoglycemia During Early and Late Sleep

OBJECTIVE—Nocturnal hypoglycemia represents an important problem for diabetic patients, which has been primarily attributed to an attenuated hormonal counterregulation during sleep. So far, hypoglycemia counterregulation has been exclusively examined during early nocturnal sleep, although early sleep differs markedly in sleep stage architecture from late sleep. Here, we investigated whether awakening and counterregulatory responses differ between early and late sleep. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Sixteen healthy subjects were tested on three occasions. On two nights, a linear fall in plasma glucose to a nadir of 2.2 mmol/l within 60 min was induced by insulin infusion. On one night, this was done immediately after sleep onset and on the other night after ∼3.5 h of sleep. In a further control night, no hypoglycemia was induced. RESULTS—During early sleep, 10 subjects awoke in response to hypoglycemia, whereas no subject awoke during the corresponding interval of the control night (P < 0.004). During late sleep, all subjects awoke upon hypoglycemia, and four subjects awoke spontaneously during the corresponding control interval (P < 0.001). The pattern indicates that the frequency of awakenings caused by hypoglycemia is similar for early and late sleep. Increases in epinephrine, norepinephrine, ACTH, cortisol, and growth hormone were distinctly weaker during late than early hypoglycemia (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS—Diminished hormonal counterregulation during late sleep could be one factor contributing to the clinically observed accumulation of hypoglycemic episodes in the later part of the night in patients with diabetes.
A novel JADE based robust digital watermarking algorithm

Digital watermarking has become increasingly significant in copyright protection and robustness is a key problem of digital watermarking. This article proposes a robust watermark method based on JADE (Joint Approximate Diagonalization of Eigenmatrixe) [1]. This algorithm uses iterative blending to embed watermark and regards watermarked image as one observed signal, watermark image as the other observed signal. In the detect Section, watermark is detected by JADE, which needn't to know the exact location of embedded watermark. Simulation results and theoretical analysis show that this algorithm has stronger robustness and it can better withstands general attacks.
Multi-label Classification Using Hypergraph Orthonormalized Partial Least Squares

In many real-world applications, human-generated data like images are often associated with several semantic topics simultaneously, called multi-label data, which poses a great challenge for classiﬁcation in such scenarios. Since the topics are always not independent, it is very useful to respect the correlations among different topics for performing better classiﬁcation on multi-label data. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel method named Hypergraph Orthonormalized Partial Least Squares (HOPLS) for multi-label classiﬁcation. It is fundamentally based on partial least squares with orthogonal constraints. Our approach takes into account the high-order relations among multiple labels through constructing a hypergraph, thus providing more discriminant information for training a promising multi-label classiﬁcation model. Speciﬁcally, we consider such complex label relations via enforcing a regularization term on the objective function to control the model complexity and balance its contribution. Furthermore, we show that the optimal solution can be readily derived from solving a generalized eigenvalue problem. Experiments were carried out on several multi-label data sets to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
Agent-based collaborative filtering based on fuzzy recommendations

Recommender systems intend to provide suggestions based on the opinion of several sources of information. But personalised suggestions based on past user's likes and dislikes require a distributed approach. In this way, agents may automatically collect recommendations from other agents applying personal criteria in order to determine whether an item is recommended to the user or not. The application of agent technology to the recommending problem has been tested before by researchers from the M.I. T. , Univ. North Carolina, and the Spanish Research Institute. In this paper, we present a new, elegant and effective way to combine vague and subjective opinions to make recommendations using fuzzy logic. We have adapted real data on evaluations of movies (from the site MovieLens) to compare our proposal with the predecessors. The experimental results obtained show, using ROC curves and cost analysis, how our approach performs better than some other distributed collaborative filtering methods applied to provide personalised recommendations.
Calcium Efflux from Barnacle Muscle Fibers Dependence on External Cations

Calcium-45 was injected into single giant barnacle muscle fibers, and the rate of efflux was measured under a variety of conditions. The rate constant (k) for 4Ca effiux into standard seawater averaged 17 X 10-4 min' 1, which corresponds to an efflux of about 1-2 pmol/cm2 s. Removal of external Ca (Cao) reduced the efflux by 50%. In most fibers about 40% of the 46Ca efflux into Ca-free seawater was dependent on external Na (NaG); treatment with 3.5 mM caffeine increased the magnitude of the Na-dependent efflux. In a few fibers removal of NaG, in the absence of Cao, either had no effect or increased k; caffeine (2-3.5 mM) unmasked an Na-dependent efflux in these fibers. The Na-dependent Ca efflux had a Qlo of about 3.7. The data are consistent with the idea that a large fraction of the Ca efflux may be carriermediated, and may involve both Ca-Ca and Na-Ca counterflow. The relation between the Na-dependent Ca efflux and the external Na concentration is sigmoid, and suggests that two, or more likely three, external Na+ ions may activate the efflux of one Ca+ 2. With a three-for-one Na-Ca exchange, the Na electrochemical gradient may be able to supply sufficient energy to maintain the Ca gradient in these fibers. Other, more complex models are not excluded, however, and may be required to explain some puzzling features of the Ca efflux such as the variable Na6-dependence.
Control Blocks: Tangible Tools for Tabletop Groupware

We propose Control Blocks, a system of graspable interface tools designed to bring the benefits of tangible interaction to the complex tasks required of the tabletop computer groupware environment. Control blocks are physical artefacts, directly associated with virtual content, similar to the Bricks of [2]. They are however augmented with large mechanical controls to provide the manipulation of additional functionality without compromising the tool’s physical nature. © 2007 University of Newcastle upon Tyne. Printed and published by the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Computing Science, Claremont Tower, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, England. Bibliographical details HOOK, J., OLIVIER, P. Control Blocks: Tangible Tools for Tabletop Groupware [By] J. Hook, P. Olivier. Newcastle upon Tyne: University of Newcastle upon Tyne: Computing Science, 2007. (University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Computing Science, Technical Report Series, No. CS-TR-1022)
Generalized biped walking control

We present a control strategy for physically-simulated walking motions that generalizes well across gait parameters, motion styles, character proportions, and a variety of skills. The control is realtime, requires no character-specific or motion-specific tuning, is robust to disturbances, and is simple to compute. The method works by integrating tracking, using proportional-derivative control; foot placement, using an inverted pendulum model; and adjustments for gravity and velocity errors, using Jacobian transpose control. High-level gait parameters allow for forwards-and-backwards walking, various walking speeds, turns, walk-to-stop, idling, and stop-to-walk behaviors. Character proportions and motion styles can be authored interactively, with edits resulting in the instant realization of a suitable controller. The control is further shown to generalize across a variety of walking-related skills, including picking up objects placed at any height, lifting and walking with heavy crates, pushing and pulling crates, stepping over obstacles, ducking under obstacles, and climbing steps.
An Adaptive Hybrid Server Architecture for Client Caching ODBMSs

Current client-server object database management systems employ either a page server or an object server architecture. Both of these architectures have their respective strengths, but they also have key drawbacks for important system and workload conﬁgurations. We propose a new hybrid server architecture which combines the best features of both page server and object server architectures while avoiding their problems. The new architecture incorporates new or adapted versions of data transfer, recovery, and cache consistency algorithms; in this paper we focus only on the data transfer and recovery issues. The data transfer mechanism allows the hybrid server to dynamically behave as both page and object server. The performance comparison of the hybrid server with object and page servers indicates that the performance of the hybrid server is more robust than the others.
Efficient and Secure Visual Data Transmission Approach for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) have to deal with two main opposite constraints: (a) the voluminous nature of the sensed data, almost of megabytes order on one hand and (b) the limited resources, characterizing specifically WMSNs platforms (limited energy provision and CPU power, wireless communications, etc.) on the other hand. Additionally, as these platforms are open infrastructures, they are hence vulnerable to several types of attacks. In this paper, we propose a new and novel approach, specifically tailored to significantly reduce the transmitted multimedia data whilst allowing a high level of security, in particular data confidentiality. In fact, rather than using traditional cryptography systems which applied on multimedia data, inquiring a huge communication and hence overhead hence are not suitable within WMSNs, our approach begins first by transforming the input images using Voronoi tessellation, that reduces significantly their volume while preserving at the same time their perceived quality. As this transformation is performed on a random fashion basis, this randomness ensures then the content confidentiality. The proposed approach achieves hence both: (a) reducing noticeably the amount of the data sent by the source nodes, prolonging hence the overall network lifetime and (b) makes the network more robust against attacks. We study the parameters for setting up our approach by incorporating two schemes (basic one and more elaborated one). Finally, we demonstrate, through extensive experiments, the robustness (i.e., secure against several types of attacks) and the effectiveness of our approaches over the current state-of-the-art techniques.
Statistical Study of the Reconnection Rate in Solar Flares Observed with Yohkoh SXT

We report a statistical study of flares observed with the Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT) on board Yohkoh in the year 2000. We measure physical parameters of 77 flares, such as the temporal scale, size, and magnetic flux density, and find that the sizes of flares tend to be distributed more broadly as the GOES class becomes weaker and that there is a lower limit of magnetic flux density that depends on the GOES class. We also examine the relationships among these parameters and find weak correlation between the temporal and spatial scales of the flares. We estimate reconnection inflow velocity, coronal Alfvén velocity, and reconnection rate using the observed values. The inflow velocities are distributed from a few km s-1 to several tens of km s-1, and the Alfvén velocities in the corona are in the range from 103 to 104 km s-1. Hence, the reconnection rate is 10-3 to 10-2. We find that the reconnection rate in a flare tends to decrease as the GOES class of the flare increases. This value is within 1 order of magnitude of the theoretical maximum value predicted by the Petschek model, although the dependence of the reconnection rate on the magnetic Reynolds number tends to be stronger than that in the Petschek model.
British English versus Polish "shame" and "guilt": an individualistic-collectivistic perspective

On the basis of the relatively more individualistic British culture versus the relatively more collectivistic Polish culture (Hofstede 1980), the conceptualisations of British English shame and guilt were compared with those of their respective Polish counterparts wstyd and wina to determine whether the former showed a pattern that conformed to what is normally found in individualistic cultures and the latter to collectivistic cultures. The results from the GRID instrument (Scherer 2005) were consistent with these expectations despite the reservations that were raised concerning conceptual and methodological criticisms of individualism and collectivism, and whether Polish culture had been particularly exposed to external influences in recent years following the fall of communism that might have increased its individualism. There was a trend showing that norm transgression was conceptualised by the British participants more as guilt and by the Polish participants more as shame. Other findings showed that shame had a higher outward action and focus than wstyd and that there was a greater distinction between wstyd and wina than between shame and guilt in terms of outward action versus withdrawal. Pearson correlation performed on the complete profile of 144 GRID features supported the relatively greater similarity of shame and guilt. These results are consistent with the relatively greater salience of guilt in British culture and of shame in Polish culture.
A cycle-based synthesis algorithm for reversible logic

Several algorithms have been proposed for the synthesis of reversible circuits. In this paper, a cycle-based synthesis algorithm for reversible logic, based on the NCT library, has been proposed. In other words, direct implementation of a single 3-cycle, a pair of 3-cycles and a pair of 2-cycles have been explored and used to propose an efficient Toffoli-based synthesis algorithm for reversible circuits. The synthesis algorithm decomposes a given large cycle into a set of single 3-cycles, pairs of 3-cycles and pair of 2-cycles and synthesizes the resulted cycles directly. Our experimental results show that the proposed synthesis algorithm can outperform the available 2-cycle-based approach about 34% on average. In addition, several discussions for the generalization of the proposed method to the 2m-cycles are given.
An Effective Control Method for Quasi-Z-Source Cascade Multilevel Inverter-Based Grid-Tie Single-Phase Photovoltaic Power System

An effective control method, including system-level control and pulsewidth modulation for quasi-Z-source cascade multilevel inverter (qZS-CMI) based grid-tie photovoltaic (PV) power system is proposed. The system-level control achieves the grid-tie current injection, independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for separate PV panels, and dc-link voltage balance for all quasi-Z-source H-bridge inverter (qZS-HBI) modules. The complete design process is disclosed. A multilevel space vector modulation (SVM) for the single-phase qZS-CMI is proposed to fulfill the synthetization of the step-like voltage waveforms. Simulation and experiment based on a seven-level prototype are carried out to validate the proposed methods.
An Economical Tandem Multiplex Real-Time PCR Technique for the Detection of a Comprehensive Range of Respiratory Pathogens

This study used real-time PCR assays to screen small sample volumes for a comprehensive range of 35 respiratory pathogens. Initial thermocycling was limited to 20 cycles to avoid competition for reagents, followed by a secondary real-time multiplex PCR. Supplementary semi-nested human metapneumovirus and picornavirus PCR assays were required to complete the acute respiratory pathogen profile. Potential pathogens were detected in 85 (70%) of pernasal aspirates collected from 121 children with acute respiratory symptoms. Multiple pathogens were detected in 29 (24%) of those samples. The tandem multiplex real-time PCR was an efficient method for the rapid detection of multiple pathogens.