Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fas Ligand Engagement of Resident Peritoneal Macrophages In Vivo Induces Apoptosis and the Production of Neutrophil Chemotactic Factors1

Fas ligand (FasL) is a potent proapoptotic type-II transmembrane protein that can cause cell death in Fas+ target populations. Despite the presumed “silent” nature of apoptotic cell death, forced expression of FasL can induce a dramatic inflammatory response. To elucidate the in vivo mechanism(s) linking FasL and inflammation, we used a membrane-bound cell-free form of FasL (mFasL-vesicle preparation (VP)). We found that i.p. injection of FasL-microvesicles led to the rapid activation and subsequent demise of Mac1high resident peritoneal macrophages. Apoptosis of Mac1high peritoneal macrophages was observed within 0.5 h of mFasL-VP injection and correlated with the detection of increased macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 levels in peritoneal lavage fluid as well as induced RNA expression of IL-1β, MIP-2, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β. In vitro culture of purified peritoneal populations identified Mac1high cells as the major cytokine/chemokine producers in response to mFasL-VP. Purified Mac1high cells exposed to FasL could restore the ability of Fas-deficient mice to mount an inflammatory response. Our data demonstrate that the FasL-mediated inflammatory response starts with the production of proinflammatory mediators by preapoptotic resident tissue macrophages and suggest a general mechanism responsible for neutrophil inflammation seen in cases of FasL-expressing allografts.
ANP VE TOPSIS YÖNTEMLERİYLE TÜRKİYE'DE YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ YATIRIM ALTERNATİFLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Kuresel dunyada milletlerin refah seviyesini yukseltmek icin gelistirilmesi zorunlu olan surdurulebilir kalkinma hamlelerinin onemli bir asamasini, verimlilik, ekonomiklik ve cevreye duyarlilik temelinde surdurulebilir enerji politikalari teskil etmektedir. Bu kapsamda, ulkeler sahip olduklari yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarini mumkun olan en ust seviyede elektrik uretiminde kullanmak icin calismalar yurutmek zorunda kalmaktadir. Bu baglamda bu calismanin amaci, azimsanmayacak olcude yenilenebilir enerji kaynak potansiyeline sahip olan Turkiye’nin bu kaynaklarini verimli, guvenilir, ekonomik, kesintisiz ve cevreye duyarli elektrik uretimi gerceklestirmek amaci dogrultusunda yatirim oncelikleri acisindan degerlendirmektir. Bu amacla calismada, literaturdeki calismalar ile Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanligi (ETKB) 2015–2019 Stratejik Plani referans alinarak belirlenen ve agirliklari ANP (Analytic Network Process) yontemi ile hesaplanan teknik, ekonomik, sosyal ve cevresel faktorlerden olusan 4 ana kriter ve bunlara bagli 12 alt kriter altinda, Turkiye’nin sahip oldugu hidroelektrik, ruzgar, biokutle, gunes ve jeotermal enerji kaynaklari TOPSIS (The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) yontemi ile siralanmis ve bu kaynaklar ile yapilacak yatirim oncelikleri elde edilmistir.
Evaluation of the dietary interaction of calcium and phosphorus in the high producing laying hen.

1. In a 6 x 7 factorial experiment using 2688 22-week-old laying hens of the Lohmann-SL strain kept in cages (4 birds/cage), diets containing six calcium (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 g calcium/kg) and seven phosphorus concentrations (3.2, 4.2, 5.2, 6.2, 7.2, 8.2, 16.2 g total phosphorus/kg (Pt)) were combined orthogonally. The resulting 42 treatments were replicated 8 times so that a replicate consisted of a double cage of 2 x 4 hens. The experiment lasted 40 weeks (10 x 28 days). 2. The experimental diets, based on maize and soyabean meals contained 11.5 MJ metabolisable energy/kg and 175 g/kg protein. Different dietary calcium and phosphorus contents were obtained by substituting oat hulls with limestone and dicalcium phosphate. 3. Mortality, egg production, egg weight, egg mass, food intake and food conversion efficiency were determined as well as the breaking strength, thickness of shells and the percentage of eggs with defective shells. 4. All responses measured were significantly influenced by the variance sources (calcium, phosphorus, interaction). Most of the production traits responded asymptotically to increasing dietary phosphorus concentration, the greatest increases or decreases generally being seen between 3.2 and 5.2 g Pt/kg. Further but weaker increases were seen between 5.2 and 8.2 or 16.2 g Pt/kg. 5. Increases in dietary calcium content always resulted in curvilinear responses. In all cases optimal effects were obtained with diets containing 25 g calcium/kg and the worst values at 45 g calcium/kg. The interaction between calcium and phosphorus was recognised by strong performance depressions and a high mortality at combinations of the lowest phosphorus concentration (3.2 g/kg) with high calcium contents (35 to 45 g/kg). These were largely offset by increasing dietary phosphorus. Thus, between 7.2 and 16.2 g Pt/kg and 25 and 45 g Ca/kg a plateau was formed where only small differences in egg production were observed. 6. From the three egg shell characteristics measured, breaking strength and shell thickness responded differently to the percentage of eggs with defective shells. While breaking strength and shell thickness were respectively negatively and positively influenced by increasing dietary phosphorus and calcium contents, both elements affected the proportion of eggs with defective shells. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Further Evidence that Reading Ability is not Preserved in Alzheimer's Disease

Background Pre-morbid intelligence level is routinely assessed in Alzheimer's disease using the National Adult Reading Test (NART). This practice is based on the assumption that pronunciation of irregular words remains unaffected by the disease process. Recent reports have suggested that reading ability may become compromised in moderately demented subjects. Method Sixty-eight probable Alzheimer patients were classified into stages of severity (minimal, mild and moderate) using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). NART and demographic equations were used to estimate pre-morbid ability. Results A significant correlation emerged between dementia severity and reading ability, NART v. MMSE scores, r = 0.46, P < 0.01. When the total sample was subdivided into moderate, mild and minimal subgroups, significant between-group differences emerged, despite the groups being well matched for age, sex, and years of full-time education. Pre-morbid IQ, as estimated by demographic regression equations, did not correlate with dementia severity. Conclusion NART performance is compromised in moderate Alzheimer disease, and the measure provides a serious underestimate of pre-morbid IQ in patients with an MMSE of 13 or less.
Differentiation of Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates by gyrB DNA Sequence Polymorphism Analysis

ABSTRACT The discriminatory power of gyrB DNA sequence polymorphisms for differentiation of the species of theMycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) was evaluated by sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a 1,020-bp fragment amplified from clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis (pyrazinamide [PZA] resistant as well as PZA susceptible), Mycobacterium africanum subtypes I and II, and Mycobacterium microti types vole and llama. We found sequence polymorphisms in four regions described previously and at one additional position. These differences in the gyrB sequences allow an accurate discrimination of M. bovis, M. microti, andM. africanum subtype I. The PZA-susceptible subtypes ofM. bovis shared the M. bovis-specific substitution at position 756 with the PZA-resistant strains, but can be unambiguously differentiated by a characteristic substitution at position 1311. As a drawback, M. tuberculosis and M. africanum subtype II showed an identical gyrBsequence that facilitates discrimination from the other species, but not from each other. A PCR-RFLP technique applying three restriction enzymes could be shown to be a rapid and easy-to-perform tool for the differentiation of the members of the MTBC. Based on these results, we present a clear diagnostic algorithm for the differentiation of species of the MTBC.
Parasitic reset in the programming transient of PCMs

We studied the programming dynamics in phase change memory cells. It is shown that programming in stand-alone cells is strongly affected by the parasitic capacitance in the measurement setup, leading to a current overshoot after threshold switching of the amorphous chalcogenide. This results in a parasitic melting and quenching of the active material, affecting the current distribution during program and the final phase distribution in the active material. The relevance of this artefact for real-device operation is discussed with reference to the value of the parasitic capacitance.
Examination to make eddy current loss density uniform in divided Nd-Fe-B magnets of a high torque density motor with axial-gap structure

An axial-gap motor with Nd-Fe-B magnets was examined by three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA) in order to achieve high torque density over 66.8 Nm/L under the constraint of a maximum current density of 12 A/mm2, and it was confirmed that the examined motor could satisfy these conditions. In this examination, suppressing eddy current loss occurring in these magnets by equally dividing a magnet constituting one pole toward radial direction was attempted. However, 3D-FEA results revealed that the eddy current loss density generated in each magnet which was equally divided was not uniform and had a large bias. So, this paper provides examination to make the eddy current loss density uniform in divided magnets by adjusting split width appropriately.
Age and gender-related physical activity. A descriptive study in children using accelerometry.

AIM Precise measures of habitual physical activity are necessary in studies designed to: 1) document the frequency and distribution of physical activity in defined population groups; 2) determine the amount or dose of physical activity requires to influence specific health parameters. The purpose of this study was to document the age and gender-related physical activity levels on a sample of school children. METHODS The sample for the present study comprised 157 children (boys n=64 and girls n=93), aged 8 to 15 years-old. The CSA activity monitor was used as an objective measure of daily physical activity. Each student in the present study was scheduled to wear the CSA 3 times during the week of monitoring. RESULTS Boys were involved (p=/<0.05) in more time MVPA than girls. However only in the 11-13 year old group were found significant differences (p=/<0.05). Within gender, significant differences were found out among 11-13 years old (48.7 min) and 14-16 years (72.2 min). The time in MVPA increased across age group in both males and females. Boys participated in more periods of continuous physical activity, bouts of 10 and 20 min respectively, than girls. However no significant differences were found out. CONCLUSION Our data showed that children under observation, excepted girls in the 11-13 year old group, appear to meet the minimum physical activity level recommended for health. The data also suggested that boys are more active than girls are and that they were significantly more engaged in more time MVPA than girls did. Surprisingly our data showed an increase in MVPA time as age increases. Further studies are needed to compare the different cut off points assessed during daily activity.
A novel anti‐anti‐activator mechanism regulates expression of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system

Expression of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion system (TTSS) is coupled to the secretion status of the cells. Environmental signals such as calcium depletion activate the type III secretion channel and, as a consequence, type III gene transcription is derepressed. Two proteins, ExsA and ExsD, were shown previously to play a role in coupling transcription to secretion. ExsA is an activator of TTSS gene transcription, and ExsD is an anti‐activator of ExsA. In the absence of environmental secretion cues, ExsD binds ExsA and inhibits transcription. Here, we describe the characterization of ExsC as an anti‐anti‐activator of TTSS expression. Transcription of the TTSS is repressed in an exsC mutant and is derepressed upon ExsC overexpression. The dependence on exsC for transcription is relieved in the absence of exsD, suggesting that ExsC and ExsD function together to regulate transcription. Consistent with this idea, ExsC interacts with ExsD in bacterial two‐hybrid and co‐purification assays. We propose a model in which the anti‐anti‐activator (ExsC) binds to and sequesters the anti‐activator (ExsD) under low Ca2+ conditions, freeing ExsA and allowing for transcription of the TTSS. The P. aeruginosa system represents the first example of an anti‐activator/anti‐anti‐activator pair controlling transcription of a TTSS.
Penilaian Mutu Cengkih Menggunakan Citra Digital

Abstract — Digital image processing is very helpful for human work, including in the field of post-harvest agriculture by classifying the type and quality of crops equally not only based on the objective assessment of farmers. Assessment of the quality of cloves using digital images is a system that can facilitate farmers in determining the quality of cloves. The quality assessment of cloves is classified based on the results of the detection of clove size and color. The process to detect the size and color of cloves using HSV method is to compare the threshold value of H and S from the brown color image for the detection of size and white image for color detection of cloves with clove samples. The threshold used to detect a good clove size is a H value from 0.01 to 0.07 and a S value from 0.1 to 0.6 whereas the threshold for detecting the white color found in the cloves is the H value from 0.6 to 1 and the S value is from 0 to 0.15. The accuracy of clove quality assessment system using digital image is 92.50%, with the correct number of 37 samples from 40 samples of cloves. Keywords — Cloves, Digital Imagery, HSV, Quality Assessment Abstrak — Pengolahan citra digital sangat membantu pekerjaan manusia termasuk dalam bidang pertanian pasca panen yaitu dengan mengklasifikasikan jenis dan mutu tanaman secara sama rata bukan hanya berdasarkan penilaian objektif dari petani. Penilaian mutu cengkih menggunakan citra digital adalah sistem yang dapat mempermudah petani dalam menentukan kualitas cengkih. Pada penelitian ini penilaian mutu cengkih diklasifikasikan berdasarkan hasil deteksi ukuran dan warna cengkih. Proses untuk mendeteksi ukuran dan warna cengkih menggunakan metode HSV yaitu dengan membandingkan nilai threshold H dan S dari citra kulit cengkih yang berwarna cokelat untuk deteksi ukuran dan citra berwarna putih untuk deteksi warna cengkih dengan sampel uji cengkih. Threshold yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi ukuran cengkih yang baik adalah nilai H dari 0.01 sampai 0.07 dan nilai S dari 0.1 sampai 0.6 sedangkan threshold untuk mendeteksi warna putih yang terdapat pada cengkih yaitu nilai H dari 0.6 sampai 1 dan nilai S dari 0 sampai 0.15. Keakuratan sistem penilaian mutu cengkih menggunakan citra digital bernilai 92.50%, dengan jumlah benar 37 sampel dari 40 sampel cengkih . Kata kunci — Cengkih, Citra Digital, HSV, Penilaian Mutu
Consolidation treatment with Yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan after new induction regimen in patients with intermediate- and high-risk follicular lymphoma according to the follicular lymphoma international prognostic index: a multicenter, prospective phase II trial of the Spanish Lymphoma Oncology Gr

Abstract Relapse is the main cause of therapeutic failure in follicular lymphoma (FL). We set out to evaluate the role of consolidation with Yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan in patients with intermediate- and high-risk FL after four cycles of CHOP-R (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, rituximab) and two cycles of CHOP. Thirty patients were included. The overall response rate after consolidation therapy was 93%. Of the 18 patients who presented with a partial response after induction treatment, 11 had a complete response after consolidation treatment. The complete clinical response rate was 76.6%. The most important grade 3–4 toxicity was hematological, with 46% thrombopenia and 56% neutropenia. With a median follow-up of 26 months, the means for progression-free survival and overall survival were not reached. Our data support consolidation with Yttrium-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan as an effective treatment, which provides long progression-free and overall survival, in first line after a response to induction treatment in patients with intermediate- and high-risk FL.
In vitro and in silico studies of urea-induced denaturation of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c and its deletants at pH 6.0 and 25 °C

Yeast iso-1-cytochrome c (y-cyt-c) has five extra residues at N-terminus in comparison to the horse cytochrome c. These residues are numbered as –5 to –1. Here, these extra residues are sequentially removed from y-cyt-c to establish their role in folding and stability of the protein. We performed urea-induced denaturation of wild-type (WT) y-cyt-c and its deletants. Denaturation was followed by observing change in Δε405 (probe for measuring change in the heme environment within the protein), [θ]405 (probe for measuring the change in Phe82 and Met80 axial bonding), [θ]222 (probe for measuring change in secondary structure) and [θ]416 (probe for measuring change in the heme-methionine environment). The urea-induced reversible denaturation curves were used to estimate Δ, the value of Gibbs free energy change (ΔGD) in the absence of urea; Cm, the midpoint of the denaturation curve, i.e. molar urea concentration ([urea]) at which ΔGD = 0; and m, the slope (=∂ΔGD/∂[urea]). Our in vitro results clearly show that except Δ(–5/–4) all deletants are less stable than WT protein. Coincidence of normalized transition curves of all physical properties suggests that unfolding/refolding of WT protein and its deletants is a two-state process. To confirm our in vitro observations, we performed 40 ns MD simulation of both WT y-cyt-c and its deletants. MD simulation results clearly show that extra N-terminal residues play a role in stability but not in folding of the protein.
The phylogeography and connectivity of the latitudinally widespread scleractinian coral Plesiastrea versipora in the Western Pacific

Whereas terrestrial animal populations might show genetic connectivity within a continent, marine species, such as hermatypic corals, may have connectivity stretching to all corners of the planet. We quantified the genetic variability within and among populations of the widespread scleractinian coral, Plesiastrea versipora along the eastern Australian seaboard (4145 km) and the Ryukyu Archipelago (Japan, 681 km) using sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1‐2) from ribosomal DNA. Geographic patterns in genetic variability were deduced from a nested clade analysis (NCA) performed on a parsimony network haplotype. This analysis allowed the establishment of geographical associations in the distribution of haplotypes within the network cladogram, therefore allowing us to deduce phylogeographical patterns based under models of restricted gene flow, fragmentation and range expansion. No significant structure was found among Ryukyu Archipelago populations. The lack of an association between the positions of haplotypes in the cladogram with geographical location of these populations may be accounted for by a high level of gene flow of P. versipora within this region, probably due to the strong Kuroshio Current. In contrast, strong geographical associations were apparent among populations of P. versipora along the south‐east coast of Australia. This pattern of restricted genetic connectivity among populations of P. versipora on the eastern seaboard of Australia seems to be associated with the present surface ocean current (the East Australian Current) on this side of the south‐western Pacific Ocean.
A new hybrid approach for document clustering

K-means algorithm is a well-known clustering algorithm due to its simplicity. Unfortunately, the output of k-means depends on the initialization of cluster centroids. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid approach for document clustering which uses the outputs of single pass clustering (SPC) as an initialization for k-means algorithm. We aim to get the advantages of careful seeding with single pass clustering and the benefits of k-means algorithm. The experimental results state that the proposed approach outperforms traditional k-means algorithm in both unsupervised and supervised evaluation measures especially when the number of required clusters is increased.
Customer-based brand equity building

The marketing literature suggested that customers are adding incremental value to a product by its brand, conceptualizing this phenomenon in terms of brand equity. This article is a contribution to this area of study as it provides a new understanding of the process of brand equity building, when approached from the customer point of view. The empirical research is centred on the hospitality industry, more specifically, upscale (i.e. four- and five-star) hotels in Croatia. The data were collected from 475 guests in 24 upscale hotels. The results reveal that image and loyalty exert a direct impact on the overall brand equity, while the influence of trust and affective commitment is mediated by loyalty.
Membrane Phosphatidylserine Regulates Surface Charge and Protein Localization

Electrostatic interactions with negatively charged membranes contribute to the subcellular targeting of proteins with polybasic clusters or cationic domains. Although the anionic phospholipid phosphatidylserine is comparatively abundant, its contribution to the surface charge of individual cellular membranes is unknown, partly because of the lack of reagents to analyze its distribution in intact cells. We developed a biosensor to study the subcellular distribution of phosphatidylserine and found that it binds the cytosolic leaflets of the plasma membrane, as well as endosomes and lysosomes. The negative charge associated with the presence of phosphatidylserine directed proteins with moderately positive charge to the endocytic pathway. More strongly cationic proteins, normally associated with the plasma membrane, relocalized to endocytic compartments when the plasma membrane surface charge decreased on calcium influx.