Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preclinical warning of recrudescent mammary cancers by pregnancy‐associated alpha‐macroglobulin

Nine of 30 mammary cancer patients developed metastases during 13–94 months after mastectomy. All 9 patients had elevated blood levels of pregnancy‐associated α‐macroglobulin (PAM) 1–21 months before conventional detection of metastases. Seven of the clinically well patients had PAM rises exceeding 90 per cent above the baseline and in 4 of these the PAM later fell to lower levels. PAM appears to have potential as an indicator of the growth of micrometastases.
A set of linear equations to calculate the steady-state operation of an electrical distribution system

In this paper, the calculation of the steady-state operation of a radial/meshed electrical distribution system (EDS) through solving a system of linear equations (non-iterative load flow) is presented. The constant power type demand of the EDS is modeled through linear approximations in terms of real and imaginary parts of the voltage taking into account the typical operating conditions of the EDS's. To illustrate the use of the proposed set of linear equations, a linear model for the optimal power flow with distributed generator is presented. Results using some test and real systems show the excellent performance of the proposed methodology when is compared with conventional methods.
A Continuous Culture Model To Examine Factors That Affect Transduction among Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in Freshwater Environments

Transduction among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was observed in continuous cultures operated under environmentally relevant generation times, cell densities, and phage-to-bacterium ratios, suggesting its importance as a natural mechanism of gene transfer. Transduction was quantified by the transfer of the Tra(sup-) Mob(sup-) plasmid Rms149 from a plasmid-bearing strain to an F116 lysogen that served as both the recipient and source of transducing phages. In control experiments in which transduction was prevented, there was a reduction in the phenotype of the mock transductant over time. However, in experiments in which transduction was permitted, the proportion of transductants in the population increased over time. These data suggest that transduction can maintain a phenotype for an extended period of time in a population from which it would otherwise be lost. Changes in the numbers of transductants were analyzed by a two-part mathematical model, which consisted of terms for the selection of the transductant's phenotype and for the formation of new transductants. Transduction rates ranged from 10(sup-9) to 10(sup-6) per total viable cell count per ml per generation and increased with both the recipient concentration and the phage-to-bacterium ratio. These observations indicate an increased opportunity for transduction to occur when the interacting components are in greater abundance.
Are interactive decision aids better than passive decision aids? A comparison with implications for information providers on the internet

While much has been made of the ocean of information available on the Internet, much less emphasis has been placed on how Web surfers might actually be able to process it. This article compares an interactive (user-inputted attribute importance weights) linear computer–assisted decision aid (CADA) format with three passive CADA formats in two studies. The decision environments for these tests are difficult, involving 20 to 30 brands rated on 6 attributes, one of which is negatively correlated with the others. Because the Linear CADA rank order is based on user-inputted attribute weights, it is expected to be more in concordance with the user's preference and hence is predicted to offer higher decision quality and be better liked than the passive formats. Contrary to expectations, however, a passive Equal Weight format performed as well or better than the Linear format on all objective and subjective comparison criteria, while the other two passive formats were not significantly worse on several decision quality criteria. The implications of these findings for information providers on the Internet are also discussed.
A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF THE COMPETITIVE POSITIONS AND ENTRY PATHS OF EUROPEAN FIRMS IN THE U.S. PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET

This paper combines the statistical insights of dynamic strategic group analysis with the qualitative richness of historical analysis to explore the modes of entry, expansion paths, and competitive postures of European firms in the U.S. pharmaceutical market. Patterns of entry and market development over a 20-year period are analyzed. The roles of strategic assets and competencies in determining both the entry strategy and the final competitive posture of these firms in the U.S. market are discussed.
Product Performance and Consumer Satisfaction: A New Concept

EVEN though knowledge of the processes that may determine consumer satisfaction should be of interest to both marketing theorists and practitioners, the topic has received little attention in the literature. A growing number of studies have analyzed perceived product performance and expectations, but they have not considered the relationships between expectations, performance, and satisfaction. ' In addition, it is seldom clear which general dimensions of product performance are important to the consumer and how these dimensions are related to satisfac-
Measuring the Effects of Satisfaction: Linking Customers, Employees, and Firm Financial Performance

Firms are most successful when they are able to efficiently satisfy the wants and needs of their clientele. As such, customer satisfaction has emerged as one of the more ubiquitous and oft studied constructs in marketing. Central to the study of satisfaction is the desire to understand its antecedents and outcomes. Managers would ultimately like to know how their actions will impact the satisfaction of their consumer base and, by extension, the company’s financial performance. Through two essays, this dissertation develops quantitative models that allow for formal study of the relationship between customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, and firm financial performance. The proposed models are designed to accommodate a variety of challenges often encountered in satisfaction studies including simultaneity, linkage of distributions, and the fusion of multiple data sets. The benefits of these models are demonstrated empirically using data from a national financial services firm.
New State Vectors Selection Using Space Vector Modulation in Three Dimensional Control Regions for Multilevel Converters

A new and generalized three-dimensional space vector modulation algorithm for multilevel converters is presented. This new possibility is compared with an existing one concluding with the similitude and differences. Three-leg three wire, three-leg four wire and four-leg four wire multilevel converters are studied. This modulation technique uses the minimum number of tetrahedrons inside a cube, where each tetrahedron has four vertices which permit to generate a reference voltage vector. The proposed technique calculates the switching state vectors and the duty cycles without using angles, trigonometric functions or look-up tables. The low computational cost of the proposed method is always the same and it is independent of the number of levels of the converter. In general, the presented algorithm is useful in systems with or without neutral, unbalanced load, and harmonics generation
Comparing an Internet Panel Survey to Mail and Phone Surveys on Willingness to Pay for Environmental Quality: A National Mode Test

Recently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sought to determine whether a recruited Internet panel of respondents can be used to produce reliable estimates of willingness to pay for goods or services for which no formal market exists. Here we report the results of a national mode test comparing results from an Internet panel survey on air quality in national parks with the same questionnaire administered by mail and by phone. Sampling frame was held nearly constant by using national Random Digit Dialing samples with reverse-lookup of addresses for all three surveys. Weighting and matching the respondents did not eliminate significant demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal differences across modes. Results indicate a willingness to pay estimate derived from a probability-based Internet-panel survey is likely to be as accurate as that obtained from a well-designed mail survey.
SEERDIS: a DHT-based resource indexing and discovery scheme for the data center

A fundamental challenge in a data center is how to achieve high data availability and query efficiency at an appropriate storage cost. This paper presents a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) indexing and discovery scheme based on the single replication erasure code (Seerdis) for the Data Center. Seerdis gains high data availability with less storage space by using erasure code. In addition, the design of single replication in Seerdis can provide similar performance as replication schemes do for datacenter-based applications. Seerdis virtualizes each host into several nodes and each node corresponds to one data object with a high probability. Compared with existing resource indexing and discovery schemes, the benefits of Seerdis include increasing data availability and improving query efficiency.
Knowledge Development and Scientific Status in Consumer-Behavior Research: A Social Exchange Perspective

The communication patterns (1977 through 1988) between the JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH (JCR) and other related disciplines are examined from a social exchange perspective. As one way of assessing scientific status, we completed a citation analysis to consider both the journals that JCR authors cite and the journals that cite JCR. The results reveal that JCR performs an important bridging function between the psychology and marketing literatures. However, JCR has had considerably less impact on other cognate disciplines, in particular those represented by the members of its policy board. In general, we find that JCR does appear to be making some progress in achieving its goal of becoming an interdisciplinary consumer research publication. Copyright 1992 by the University of Chicago.
Pseudomonas fluorescens and closely‐related fluorescent pseudomonads as biocontrol agents of soil‐borne phytopathogens

Many strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens show potential for biological control of phytopathogens especially root pathogens. In taxonomic terms, several of them are indeed P. fluorescens sensu stricto, while others belong in fact to neighbouring species of the ‘P. fluorescens’ complex or to ill‐defined related species within the fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. These bacteria have become prominent models for rhizosphere ecological studies and analysis of bacterial secondary metabolism, and in recent years knowledge on their plant‐beneficial traits has been considerably enhanced by widening the focus beyond the case of phytopathogen‐directed antagonism. Current genomic analyses of rhizosphere competence and biocontrol traits will likely lead to the development of novel tools for effective management of indigenous and inoculated P. fluorescens biocontrol agents and a better exploitation of their plant‐beneficial properties for sustainable agriculture.
Economic costs of diabetes in Saudi Arabia

Background: Diabetes imposes a large economic burden on the individual, national healthcare systems, and countries. Objective: To determine the economic impact of diabetes mellitus on Saudi healthcare system, both now and in the future. Materials and Methods: This research study uses a prevalence-based approach that combines the demographics of the population (classified by nationality, sex and age group) with and without diagnosed diabetes in 1992 and 2010. The economic impact of diabetes is estimated in this study, using secondary sources of information provided by Ministry of Health, Ministry of Finance and Central Department of Statistics and Information databases. Results: People diagnosed with diabetes, on average, have medical healthcare expenditures that are ten times higher ($3,686 vs. $380) than what expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes. Over 96% of all medical healthcare expenditures attributed to diabetes are incurred by persons of Saudi nationality, with the remaining 4% incurred by persons of non-Saudi nationality. The population age 45-60 incurs 45% of diabetes-attributed costs, with the remaining population under age 15 incurs 3.8%, age 15-44 incurs 27.5%, and age 60 and above incurs 23.8%. Conclusion: The actual national healthcare burden because of diabetes is likely to exceed the $0.87 billion estimated in this study, because it omits the indirect costs associated with diabetes, such as absenteeism, lost productivity from disease-related absenteeism, unemployment from disease-related disability, lost productivity due to early mortality by disease. The social cost of intangibles such as pain and suffering and care provided by non-paid caregivers as well as healthcare system administrative costs, cost of medications, clinician training programs, and research and infrastructure development is also omitted from this research study. Further studies are needed to confirm the present findings and to improve our understanding of economic costs of diabetes and its related complications.
Chelation of Cellular Calcium Modulates Hypoxia-inducible Gene Expression through Activation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α*

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) is the key transcription factor in control of the expression of hypoxia-inducible genes needed by cells to adapt to decreased oxygen availability. Herein, we investigated the HIF-1α-mediated gene expression of carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) in response to hypoxia and changes of intracellular calcium levels in the neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Decreasing the intracellular calcium level by BAPTA (1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid) induced HIF-1α nuclear accumulation and enhanced HIF-1 DNA binding within 1 h of incubation. Like hypoxia, BAPTA stimulated HIF-1-dependent transcription by increasing the activity of the C-terminal transactivation domain of HIF-1α and greatly enhanced expression of the HIF-1 target gene CA9. Detailed analysis of HIF-1α accumulation revealed that BAPTA attenuated the interaction of HIF-1α with von-Hippel-Lindau protein thus decreasing proteasomal degradation of HIF-1α. Knock down of HIF-1α mRNA and protein by small interference RNA for HIF-1α revealed that both hypoxia and the BAPTA-induced gene expression of CA9 were strictly dependent on HIF-1α. In contrast, elevation of cytosolic calcium level by thapsigargin reduced the BAPTA-mediated effects. Measurements of intracellular calcium under hypoxia revealed a change in the cellular calcium distribution. BAPTA-dependent induction of HIF-1 activity was not caused by its in vitro capability to chelate iron. Instead, effective chelation of cellular calcium caused the accumulation of HIF-1α protein through inhibition of HIF-prolyl hydroxylases and activated HIF-1-dependent gene expression under normoxic conditions.
Consideration: Review of Research and Prospects for Future Insights

The authors review the behavioral underpinnings of consideration set formation and revisit the theoretical and empirical evidence that led them to develop an individual level model of consideration. They synthesize the research that has appeared since their 1991 article in the Journal of Marketing Research, examining new ideas, reviewing evolving measurement methodologies, and suggesting several areas for further research that they believe will provide additional insight into the consideration phase of the consumer decision process.
Monitoring the chloroquine sensitivity of Plasmodium vivax from Calcutta and Orissa, India

Abstract Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria was first reported in India in 1995. This report led to the round-the-year monitoring, in Calcutta (West Bengal) and Mayurbhanj district (northern Orissa), of the in-vivo sensitivity of local P. vivax to chloroquine (CQ). Between January 1998 and December 2001, 800 cases with microscopically confirmed P. vivax malaria were enrolled in the study. Each was given CQ in the regimen recommended both by the Government of India and the World Health Organization (i.e. a total of 25 mg/kg, over 3 days). Only six cases, of the 480 who completed the scheduled 28 days of follow-up, failed to clear their parasitaemias by day 5. Even these six cases had only low-level parasitaemias on day 5, and all were aparasitaemic by day 7. In the study area, despite the wide-spread abuse of CQ and the increasingly frequent reports of CQ-resistant P. falciparum, CQ appears to remain an effective drug in the treatment of P. vivax.
[Two-dimensional liquid phase chromatographic proteome profiles in Uighur women with uterine cervix cancer].

OBJECTIVE To establish differential protein expression profile specific for serum proteome of cervical carcinoma in Uighur women by protein 2-dimensional liquid phase chromatography. METHODS We collected and prepared sera of cervical carcinoma from Uighur women, and separated and processed data using 2-dimensional liquid phase chromatography system specific for protein (ProteomeLab PF-2D). RESULTS A differential expression profile of serum proteome based on characteristics of protein isoelectric point and hydrophobic features was successfully established. Fifty-six differentially expressed protein spots were found, among which there was an obvious difference in 12 peaks. CONCLUSION Two-dimensional liquid phase chromatography is an effective and feasible method to establish differential expression profile of serum proteome and to offer a new way for the screening of serum protein markers of Uighur women with cervical carcinoma.
[Temperament and character profile of patients with chronic tension-type headache].

OBJECTIVE To examine the personality profiles of patients with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and controls using the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and to determine whether the data acquired were related to the depressive status of patients. METHOD Forty-eight patients with CTTH and 50 age, gender and education level matched, healthy, headache-free control subjects were selected for the study. The Turkish versions of TCI and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were applied to all participants. In the TCI, novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence (RD) and persistence (P) are the 4 dimensions of temperament; self-directedness (SD), cooperativeness (C) and self-transcendence (ST) are 3 dimensions of character. RESULTS The BDI scores were positively correlated with HA scores (r=0.486, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with SD (r=-0.412, p<0.001) and C scores (r=-0.212, p=0.016). Higher HA scores and lower SD scores were found in CTTH patients when compared to the controls. After using the adjusted TCI scores (after being partialled out for the effect of BDI scores), while similar results of higher HA scores relative to healthy controls were found, SD scores did not differ statistically between the two groups. NS, RD, P, C and ST scores did not differ significantly between the two groups, using either adjusted or unadjusted TCI scores. CONCLUSION The study of personality suggests strong effect of depressive status on SD scores in CTTH patients. Higher HA scores in CTTH patients support the role of serotonergic involvement in the pathophysiology of CTTH.
LABORATORY METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL/WATER ADSORPTION COEFFICIENT

The study of solute transport processes in the soil requires the determination of the adsorption coefficient. A laboratory experiment based on Batch equilibrium method was developed. This method involves contacting a chosen soil with water solutions with different concentrations and adjusted the obtained isotherms on analytical models. The method was applied to three soils and the results have demonstrated its validity.
PROJECT SUCCESS AND FAILURE: WHAT IS SUCCESS, WHAT IS FAILURE, AND HOW CAN YOU IMPROVE YOUR ODDS FOR SUCCESS?

We know why projects fail, we know how to prevent their failure  so why do they still fail? (2)This statement could be applied to the recent Space Shuttle disaster, or the 2003 collapse of a large portion of the U.S. electrical grid. But the author was talking about Information Technology and Information System project failures, as they existed in 1994. Information Technology and Information System failures have been the topic of many articles, conferences, symposiums, studies, and research initiatives. The literature of the IT and IS community is rife with articles and commentary about project failures. But just how bad is the situation? Do a large percent of projects really fail or do we only hear the bad news? What is failure and what is success? And lastly, what can you do to improve your success quotient? Lets start by looking at project failure rates and why projects fail. There are many writers who tell us why projects fail. For instance, Field(12) tells us that projects fail too often because the project scope was not fully appreciated and/or user needs not fully understood.  Hulme(13) tells us that MIS projects and associated procurements take place in an environment characterized by the following: Lack of management continuity and an incentive system that encourages overly optimistic estimates of the benefits that can be attained from doing the project.  And Leicht(5) tells us that high user expectations can actually be the cause of project failure. Hoffman(15) tells that projects fail because of poor alignment between IT departments and business users. And in another article Hoffman(9) tells us that project managers too often act as process cops and report compilers and loose sight of what theyre supposed to be doing  to make sure projects are running effectively. Hodgson(23) style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal' tells us that projects fail  thats the fact of life. Too many fail because the average project is like an iceberg  9/10ths of it lay hidden from view. All of these writers are correct. But none of these authors are Page 1 of 12 PROJECT SUCCESS AND FAILURE
Loss Profit Estimation Using Temporal Association Rule Mining

Temporal association rule mining is a data mining technique in which relationships between items which satisfy certain timing constraints can be discovered. This paper presents the concept of temporal association rules in order to solve the problem of classification of inventories by including time expressions into association rules. Firstly, loss profit of frequent items is calculated by using temporal association rule mining algorithm. Then, the frequent items in particular time-periods are ranked according to descending order of loss profits. The manager can easily recognize most profitable items with the help of ranking found in the paper. An example is illustrated to validate the results.
International hotel chains on the Russian market

In recent years there has been major growth in the hospitality sector in Russia. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the developments in the Russian hospitality sector, with the main focus on the international hotel chains activity. General observation of the local environment, statistical analysis and qualitative approach were used to shed light on the current developments in international hotel chains strategy in Russia. The problem is examined using secondary data available, including relevant empirical studies as well as feedback both from members and non-members of hotel chains, and from external observers.