Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening, assessment, and care of anxiety and depressive symptoms in adults with cancer: an American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline adaptation.

PURPOSE A Pan-Canadian Practice Guideline on Screening, Assessment, and Care of Psychosocial Distress (Depression, Anxiety) in Adults With Cancer was identified for adaptation. METHODS American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has a policy and set of procedures for adapting clinical practice guidelines developed by other organizations. The guideline was reviewed for developmental rigor and content applicability. RESULTS On the basis of content review of the pan-Canadian guideline, the ASCO panel agreed that, in general, the recommendations were clear, thorough, based on the most relevant scientific evidence, and presented options that will be acceptable to patients. However, for some topics addressed in the pan-Canadian guideline, the ASCO panel formulated a set of adapted recommendations based on local context and practice beliefs of the ad hoc panel members. It is recommended that all patients with cancer be evaluated for symptoms of depression and anxiety at periodic times across the trajectory of care. Assessment should be performed using validated, published measures and procedures. Depending on levels of symptoms and supplementary information, differing treatment pathways are recommended. Failure to identify and treat anxiety and depression increases the risk for poor quality of life and potential disease-related morbidity and mortality. This guideline adaptation is part of a larger survivorship guideline series. CONCLUSION Although clinicians may not be able to prevent some of the chronic or late medical effects of cancer, they have a vital role in mitigating the negative emotional and behavioral sequelae. Recognizing and treating effectively those who manifest symptoms of anxiety or depression will reduce the human cost of cancer.
Analysis of an on-line minimum-time velocity optimization algorithm

Examination of the control of a high-speed vehicle is essential to achieve autonomous navigation on high speed roads. Velocity profile generation is one of the challenging problems. In this paper we analyze the efficiency of an on-line velocity profiler algorithm. The presented method is based on a receding horizon implementation in which the vehicle executes part of the computed optimal trajectory, while simultaneously optimizing the path up to a new horizon. The search space at each optimization step is considerably reduced, which results in reduced computational cost. We present an analysis of the horizon length selection and the impact on the running times compared to the infinite-horizon solution.
Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Methods, Meanings, and Mechanisms

Background: The "group of schizophrenias," normally referred to with a single nominative, is phenomenologically heterogeneous. Its symptoms represent multiple psychological domains, including perception, inferential thinking, language, attention, social interaction, emotion expression, and volition. Studies of psychopathology have simplified this complex array in several ways, one of which is a subdivision into positive and negative symptoms. Methods: This study examined the positive vs negative distinction in a sample of 243 patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder who were evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms. A two-stage factor analysis was applied, beginning with a principal components analysis applying varimax rotation, followed by an extension analysis. The purpose of these analyses was to evaluate the correlational relationships of the various symptoms of schizophrenia. Results: The results confirmed previous reports by our group and others suggesting that the symptoms of schizophrenia fall into three natural dimensions, as assessed by the correlational interrelationships: positive symptoms subdivide into psychotic and disorganized dimensions, while a third negative dimension also emerges. Conclusion: Because these dimensions have impressive consistency across studies, future work must examine their relationship to clinically relevant concepts such as prognosis or etiology and examine four different aspects: longitudinal course, neural mechanisms, relationship to treatment, and interrelationships in other pathological conditions.
Driving Behavior Analysis through CAN Bus Data in an Uncontrolled Environment

Cars can nowadays record several thousands of signals through the controller area network (CAN) bus technology and potentially provide real-time information on the car, the driver, and the surrounding environment. This paper proposes a new methodology for near-real-time analysis and classification of driver behavior using a selected subset of CAN bus signals, specifically gas pedal position, brake pedal pressure, steering wheel angle, steering wheel momentum, velocity, RPM, longitudinal and lateral acceleration. Data have been collected in a completely uncontrolled experiment involving 54 people, where over 2000 trips have been recorded without any type of predetermined driving instruction on a wide variety of road scenarios. While only few works have analyzed the driving behavior of more than 50 drivers using CAN bus data, we propose an unsupervised learning technique that clusters drivers in different groups, and offers a validation method to test the robustness of clustering in a wide range of experimental settings. The minimal amount of data needed to preserve robust driver clustering is also computed, showing that by properly choosing a subsampling strategy it is possible to reduce the size of the database as much as 99% without impairing the clustering performance.
From micrographia to Parkinson's disease dysgraphia

Micrographia, an abnormal reduction in writing size, is a specific behavioral deficit associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). In recent years, the availability of graphic tablets has made it possible to study micrographia in unprecedented detail. Consequently, a growing number of studies show that PD patients also exhibit impaired handwriting kinematics. Is micrographia still the most characteristic feature of PD‐related handwriting deficits? To answer this question, we identified studies that investigated handwriting in PD, either with conventional pencil‐and‐paper measures or with graphic tablets, and we reported their findings on key spatiotemporal and kinematic variables. We found that kinematic variables (velocity, fluency) differentiate better between control participants and PD patients, and between off‐ and on‐treatment PD patients, than the traditional measure of static writing size. Although reduced writing size is an important feature of PD handwriting, the deficit is not restricted to micrographia stricto sensu. Therefore, we propose the term PD dysgraphia, which encompasses all deficits characteristic of Parkinsonian handwriting. We conclude that the computerized analysis of handwriting movements is a simple and useful tool that can contribute to both diagnosis and follow‐up of PD. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Exact Error Analysis of Dual-Hop Fixed-Gain AF Relaying over Arbitrary Nakagami-m Fading

Closed-form error analysis of dual-hop fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying systems for transmissions over Nakagami fading channels has, so far, been tractable only with integer fading parameters. For the general Nakagami-m fading with arbitrary m values, the exact closed-form error analysis is more challenging. This paper goes toward solving this problem by deriving a unified error analysis framework that embraces several general modulation schemes. The obtained Error Probability (EP) expressions involve common functions which can be efficiently evaluated using standard numerical softwares. This work represents a significant improvement on previous contributions, not only by unifying the error probability expressions pertaining to dual-hop fixed gain relaying over integer Nakagami-m fading, but also by extending them to the general arbitrary Nakagami-m fading. Simulation results sustaining our analysis are provided, and the impacts of various parameters on the overall AF relaying system performance are investigated.
Impact of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus mite body raw material on house dust mite allergy diagnosis in a Serbian population

House dust mite (HDM) allergy has different clinical and immunological patterns in different geographic regions. The impact of raw material of commercial Dermatophadoides pteronyssinus (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) mite bodies on the quality of allergen extracts for allergy diagnosis in the Serbian population has not been previously evaluated. House dust mite bodies obtained from manufacturers in Europe, South America and Australia were used in the preparation of allergen extracts for in vivo diagnosis and serological analysis in a group of 14 HDM‐allergic adults. In the group of mite‐allergic patients, there was no statistically significant difference in skin test reactivity (Wilcoxon matched pairs test) among the three HDM body extract preparations. In a CAP inhibition assay, two extracts (A and C) achieved maximum inhibition of >90%, whereas extract B demonstrated a different inhibition slope and lower inhibition potential (80%). However, a remarkable difference in immunoglobulin E reactivity using Western blot analysis with individual patients' sera was observed in one of the preparations (extract B). These findings emphasize the need for the careful selection of starting material for the preparation of HDM diagnostic reagents intended for use in patients from geographically distinct regions as these preparations can have implications on the selection criteria for patient‐tailored immunotherapy of HDM allergy.
Single-molecule spectroscopy of unfolded proteins and chaperonin action

Abstract In the past decade, single-molecule fluorescence techniques provided important insights into the structure and dynamics of proteins. In particular, our understanding of the heterogeneous conformational ensembles of unfolded and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) improved substantially by a combination of FRET-based single-molecule techniques with concepts from polymer physics. A complete knowledge of the forces that act in unfolded polypeptide chains will not only be important to understand the initial steps of protein folding reactions, but it will also be crucial to rationalize the coupling between ligand-binding and folding of IDPs, and the interaction of denatured proteins with molecular chaperones in the crowded cellular environment. Here, I give a personalized review of some of the key findings from my own research that contributed to a more quantitative understanding of unfolded proteins and their interactions with molecular chaperones.
A yeast-based functional assay for the detection of the mutant androgen receptor in prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE Mutations in the ligand-binding domain of the human androgen receptor (AR) figure among the ways used by prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) cells to escape androgen dependence. These mutations may broaden the specificity and/or affinity of the AR to other hormones, resulting in inappropriate receptor activation and thus affecting the PCa response to physiological stimuli and hormonal therapies. DESIGN In order to clarify the impact of these mutations on disease progression and treatment, we have developed a yeast-based functional assay that allows the detection of mutant ARs and the analysis of their transactivation capacities in response to different ligands. METHODS AR cDNA was directly cloned into an expression vector in a yeast strain that carries a reporter gene (ADE2) linked to an androgen-dependent promoter. The expression of the ADE2 gene and consequently the yeast cell growth in a selective medium depleted in adenine depends on the specificity of the AR for the ligand added to the medium. RESULTS By analysing the transactivation capacities of different AR molecules in response to a broad range of steroid and non-steroid ligands, we have demonstrated that this assay can discriminate among wild-type AR, T877A, C685Y and L701H mutant ARs and that at least 1% of mutant ARs could be detected when mutant and wild-type ARs were mixed at the cDNA level. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here show that this simple AR assay is convenient for the routine detection of mutant ARs in PCa and is also suitable to evaluate the antagonist activities of anti-androgen molecules.
Global convergence of the DY conjugate gradient method with Armijo line search for unconstrained optimization problems

Generally, global convergence of the conjugate gradient methods for unconstrained optimization problems needs Wolfe line search or strong Wolfe line search. In this article, we propose a cautious DY conjugate gradient method and prove that this method with Armijo line search converges globally if the objective function has Lipschitz continuous gradients. We also present some preliminary numerical results to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Guided modes in shielded slot transmission line

Guided modes in a shielded slot transmission line were analyzed. This transmission line consists of slotted metal strips inserted in a below cutoff parallel metal plate waveguide. The TEM mode can propagate in the slot area as the lowest dominant mode, while the higher modes may propagate in the metal strip regions from the calculated results based on the transverse resonant method. A design diagram of the shielded slot transmission line was provided by the numerical results of the cutoff wavelength of the higher modes.
Some Results on Bond Yield and Default Probability

Fisher [5] suggested that the difference between a corporate bond's promised yield-tomaturity (YTM) and the YTM of a government bond of the same maturity is composed of the sum of the corporate default risk, the variability of the firm's earnings, the firm's reliability in meeting its obligations, its capital structure, and the bond's marketability. Since then, Fisher's measure has often been used to measure bond risk. For example, Fraser and McCormack [6] have used the spreads between newly issued bank bonds and Aaa bonds of compatible maturities (as substitutes for riskless government bonds) to measure the changes in banks' borrowing risk after two large bank failures. In their paper, spread is intended to provide for intra-firm (industry) default risk comparisons over time. Radcliffe [15] uses yield spreads to differentiate the riskiness among corporate bonds. In this case, the spread is used for inter-firm risk comparisons. Sharpe [18] has suggested a similar measure of bond default risk which is the YTM less the expected rate of return. However, most of these papers do not provide a bond pricing model which would furnish the link between a firm's riskiness and the YTM and default risk of its bond. Without this, it is difficult to draw inferences between YTM's and default risk.
Effects of eliminating a disulfide bridge within domain II of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A

Cysteines 265 and 287 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA) were substituted by serine, thereby eliminating a disulfide bridge within domain II, the putative membrane insertion-translocation domain. Purified mutant toxin was 80-fold less toxic for mouse L cells than was wild-type ETA while retaining the same specific activity in the ADP-ribosyltransferase reaction as did wild-type toxin. Binding of the nonionic detergent Triton X-114 by mutant ETA occurred at a slightly higher pH than did binding by wild-type ETA, suggesting that the mutant protein more readily undergoes a conformational change exposing hydrophobic regions. Data are presented supporting the notion that the mutant and wild-type toxins enter from the same intracellular compartment. The lower cytotoxicity of the mutant protein could be due to accelerated intracellular degradation or abortive, premature membrane insertion.
Perceived Gesture Dynamics in Nonverbal Expression of Emotion

Recent judgment studies have shown that people are able to fairly correctly attribute emotional states to others' bodily expressions. It is, however, not clear which movement qualities are salient, and how this applies to emotional gesture during speech-based interaction. In this study we investigated how the expression of emotions that vary on three major emotion dimensions—that is, arousal, valence, and potency—affects the perception of dynamic arm gestures. Ten professional actors enacted 12 emotions in a scenario-based social interaction setting. Participants (N = 43) rated all emotional expressions with muted sound and blurred faces on six spatiotemporal characteristics of gestural arm movement that were found to be related to emotion in previous research (amount of movement, movement speed, force, fluency, size, and height/vertical position). Arousal and potency were found to be strong determinants of the perception of gestural dynamics, whereas the differences between positive or negative emotions were less pronounced. These results confirm the importance of arm movement in communicating major emotion dimensions and show that gesture forms an integrated part of multimodal nonverbal emotion communication.
Adefovir Dipivoxil Monotherapy and Combination Therapy with Lamivudine for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in an Asian Population

Aim To determine differences in Chinese patients treated with adefovir (ADV) monotherapy or ADV in combination with lamivudine (3TC) after development of resistance to 3TC, with respect to biochemical improvement, HBV DNA suppression and development of subsequent ADV resistance. Methods All hepatitis B patients with 3TC resistance treated with ADV for 3 months or more at our centre were included, and monitored 3–6 monthly for biochemical and virological response, and development of ADV resistance. Results A total of 56 patients were included, 50% switched to ADV monotherapy and 50% received combination 3TC/ADV therapy. Median follow-up was 15.5 months. Normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) occurred in 25 (89%) patients in the ADV group compared with 24 (86%) in the 3TC/ADV group (P=0.686). Virological response (VR) was achieved in seven (35%) patients in the ADV group at 12 months compared with five (28%) in the 3TC/ADV group (P=0.637). By 24 months, seven (64%) patients in the ADV group achieved VR compared with two (40%) in the 3TC/ADV group (P=0.377). Cumulative probability of developing genotypic ADV resistance in the ADV group at 24 months was 18% compared with 7% in the 3TC/ADV group (P=0.94). Conclusions There was no obvious improvement in ALT normalization and virological suppression or reduction in the development of ADV-resistant mutations with 3TC/ADV therapy compared with ADV monotherapy. Further studies with longer follow-ups are required to determine whether combination 3TC/ADV therapy will reduce the emergence of ADV resistance compared with ADV monotherapy.
Characteristics and stability of empirically derived anorexia nervosa subtypes: towards the identification of homogeneous low-weight eating disorder phenotypes.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by within-group heterogeneity in symptom presentation, which poses problems for research on etiology and treatment. This study sought to identify homogeneous subtypes of AN, and examine their short-term stability, using empirical methods. A treatment-seeking sample with AN (n = 194) was assessed at baseline and 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Latent class analysis was used to identify homogeneous AN subgroups, and latent transition analysis was used to examine the stability of latent classes. Three low-weight eating disorder classes were identified: 1) fat-phobic restricting (AN-R-FP); 2) fat-phobic binge-eating/purging (AN-BP-FP); and 3) non-fat-phobic restricting (AN-R-NFP). Subtype membership was stable over follow-up, with . 68 to . 88 probabilities of remaining in the same class from baseline to 6 months, and . 87 to 1.00 from 6 months to 12 months. The most common transition pattern was between AN-R-FP and AN-R-NFP (56.8% of transitions); the majority of these participants transitioned from AN-R-FP to AN-R-NFP (n = 20/21). Predictors of latent class membership included lifetime mood and substance use disorder comorbidities, negative temperament, illness duration, and body mass index at treatment presentation. Disinhibition (vs. constraint), history of overweight or obesity, and illness duration decreased the probability of latent transition. Findings support the presence of 3 low-weight eating disorder phenotypes that are highly stable over short-term follow-up. Identification of a stable non-fat-phobic AN phenotype is intriguing and highlights the importance of studying mechanisms that differentiate fat-phobic and non-fat-phobic eating disorders.
Accountability, the dilution effect, and conservatism in auditors' fraud judgments

This paper investigates the effects on auditors' judgments of being held accountable to superiors in their firm. The specific audit judgment task studied is fraud risk assessment in the presence of both relevant and irrelevant information. Although auditors routinely encounter both relevant and irrelevant information when assessing the risk of fraud, normatively, only the former should affect their judgments. However, prior research (Hackenbrack [1992]) has demonstrated that auditors' fraud risk judgments are influenced by irrelevant information; i.e., they are subject to the dilution effect (Nisbett, Zukier, and Lumley [1981]). Following Tetlock and Boettger [1989], recent auditing research (Messier and Quilliam [1992] and Hackenbrack [1992]) suggests that holding auditors accountable for theirjudgments will exacerbate the dilution effect,
Expression analysis of the Drosophila pipsqueak family members fernández/distal antenna and hernández/distal antenna related

The “pipsqueak” family is composed of proteins that contain a pipsqueak motif, a previously characterised DNA binding domain, and thus represents a new family of potential transcription factors. Previous functional characterisation of several Drosophila genes encoding pipsqueak domain‐containing proteins has shown their crucial role in development. Here, I report the embryonic, larval, and pupal expression pattern of two Drosophila genes, fernández/distal antenna and hernández/distal antenna related, which encode protein members of the pipsqueak family with similar pipsqueak motifs. Furthermore, I show that, consistently with their expression pattern, these two genes are required in the nervous system during the embryonic development. Developmental Dynamics 230:361–365, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.