Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Separation of source-network coding and channel coding in wireline networks

In this paper we prove the separation of source-network coding and channel coding in a wireline network, which is a network of memoryless point-to-point finite-alphabet channels used to transmit correlated sources. In deriving this result, we also prove that in a general memoryless network with correlated sources lossless and zero-distortion reconstruction are equivalent provided that the conditional entropy of each source given the other sources is non-zero. Furthermore, we extend the separation result to the case of well-behaved continuous-alaphabet point-to-point channels such as additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels.
Checking Java Programs via Guarded Commands

This paper defines a simple guarded-command–like language and its semantics. The language is used as an intermediate language in generating verification conditions for Java. The paper discusses why it is a good idea to generate verification conditions via an intermediate language, rather than directly. Publication history. This paper appears in Formal Techniques for Java Programs, workshop proceedings. Bart Jacobs, Gary T. Leavens, Peter Muller, and Arnd PoetzschHeffter, editors. Technical Report 251, Fernuniversitat Hagen, 1999. Available from www.informatik. fernuni-hagen.de/pi5/publications.html. Checking Java programs via guarded commands K. Rustan M. Leino, James B. Saxe, and Raymie Stata Compaq Systems Research Center {rustan,saxe,stata}@pa.dec.com
Smoothing and tying for Korean flexible vocabulary isolated word recognition

For large vocabulary recognition system, as well as for flexible vocabulary applications using hidden Markov model(HMM), parameter smoothing and tying have been used to increase the reliability of models. This paper describes bottom-up and top-down clustering techniques for state level tying. This paper also describes a method of applying parameter smoothing to the clustered states and covariance matrix of semicontinuous hidden Markov model(SCHMM). We present a new parameter smoothing method and apply it to the distribution of discrete hidden Markov model(DHMM) in the training procedure. A new model composition method for unseen triphone modeling in bottom-up clustering is also proposed and compared with traditional context-independent model backing-off method.
Humanoid learns to detect its own hands

Robust object manipulation is still a hard problem in robotics, even more so in high degree-of-freedom (DOF) humanoid robots. To improve performance a closer integration of visual and motor systems is needed. We herein present a novel method for a robot to learn robust detection of its own hands and fingers enabling sensorimotor coordination. It does so solely using its own camera images and does not require any external systems or markers. Our system based on Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) allows to evolve programs to perform this image segmentation task in real-time on the real hardware. We show results for a Nao and an iCub humanoid each detecting its own hands and fingers.
A Knowledge-Based E-mail System Using Semantic Categorization and Rating Mechanisms

— Knowledge-based e-mail systems focus on incorporating knowledge management approach in order to enhance the traditional e-mail systems. In this paper, we present a knowledge-based e-mail system called KS-Mail where people do not only send and receive e-mail conventionally but are also able to create a sense of knowledge flow. We introduce semantic processing on the e-mail contents by automatically assigning categories and providing links to semantically related e-mails. This is done to enrich the knowledge value of each e-mail as well as to ease the organization of the e-mails and their contents. At the application level, we have also built components like the service manager, evaluation engine and search engine to handle the e-mail processes efficiently by providing the means to share and reuse knowledge. For this purpose, we present the KS-Mail architecture, and elaborate on the details of the e-mail server and the application server. We present the ontology mapping technique used to achieve the e-mail content’s categorization as well as the protocols that we have developed to handle the transactions in the e-mail system. Finally, we discuss further on the implementation of the modules presented in the KS-Mail architecture.
Recognizing the Operating Hand and the Hand-Changing Process for User Interface Adjustment on Smartphones

As the size of smartphone touchscreens has become larger and larger in recent years, operability with a single hand is getting worse, especially for female users. We envision that user experience can be significantly improved if smartphones are able to recognize the current operating hand, detect the hand-changing process and then adjust the user interfaces subsequently. In this paper, we proposed, implemented and evaluated two novel systems. The first one leverages the user-generated touchscreen traces to recognize the current operating hand, and the second one utilizes the accelerometer and gyroscope data of all kinds of activities in the user’s daily life to detect the hand-changing process. These two systems are based on two supervised classifiers constructed from a series of refined touchscreen trace, accelerometer and gyroscope features. As opposed to existing solutions that all require users to select the current operating hand or confirm the hand-changing process manually, our systems follow much more convenient and practical methods and allow users to change the operating hand frequently without any harm to the user experience. We conduct extensive experiments on Samsung Galaxy S4 smartphones, and the evaluation results demonstrate that our proposed systems can recognize the current operating hand and detect the hand-changing process with 94.1% and 93.9% precision and 94.1% and 93.7% True Positive Rates (TPR) respectively, when deciding with a single touchscreen trace or accelerometer-gyroscope data segment, and the False Positive Rates (FPR) are as low as 2.6% and 0.7% accordingly. These two systems can either work completely independently and achieve pretty high accuracies or work jointly to further improve the recognition accuracy.
Comparative Evaluation of the Influence of Cast Hardening Agents on Surface Abrasion, Surface Hardness and Surface Detail Reproduction Properties of Refractory Investment Materials

To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Dental Cast Hardening Agents on the Surface Abrasion, Surface Hardness and Surface Detail reproduction of Dental Refractory investment materials. This study utilised two commercially available refractory materials: Rema exakt Dentaurum (Germany), X20 chrome investment whip mix corporation (U.S.A). The samples were divided into four groups: Group IUntreated samples, Group IISamples treated with paraffin wax, Group IIISamples treated with bees wax, Group IVSamples treated with okodur cold hardener. Surface abrasion test was done by electrically operated abrading tool, surface hardness by Mohs’ scale, surface details with Galai scan array 2 image system. Mean difference were statistically analysed using students t test. For Surface abrasion test, all groups showed statistically significant difference (<0.01) except Group 2 samples of X20 chrome refractory investment material compared with Group 3 and 4 (>0.05). Mohs’ Scale value for the Group 4 samples were the hardest with a value of five. Results of the surface reproducibility showed that both untreated and treated samples showed a reduced width of the groove, when compared with the steel model. Results of test for surface abrasion and surface hardness indicated that hardening agents do improve the surface abrasion resistance and abrasion values of treated samples.
Error Mining for Wide-Coverage Grammar Engineering

Parsing systems which rely on hand-coded linguistic descriptions can only perform adequately in as far as these descriptions are correct and complete.The paper describes an error mining technique to discover problems in hand-coded linguistic descriptions for parsing such as grammars and lexicons. By analysing parse results for very large unannotated corpora, the technique discovers missing, incorrect or incomplete linguistic descriptions.The technique uses the frequency of n-grams of words for arbitrary values of n. It is shown how a new combination of suffix arrays and perfect hash finite automata allows an efficient implementation.
FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR MAXWELL EQUATIONS

We give a brief introduction to finite element methods for solving Maxwell equations. Recall that the time-harmonic Maxwell equation for electric field E is ∇× (μ−1∇×E)− ω̃E = J̃ ∇ · ( E) = ρ. The time-harmonic Maxwell equation for magnetic fieldH is ∇× (̃−1∇×H)− ωμH = ∇× J̃ ∇ · (μH) = 0. Those are obtained by Fourier transform in time for the original Maxwell equations. Here ω is a positive constant called the frequency. For derivation and physical meaning, we refer to Brief Introduction to Maxwell’s Equations. In this note, we shall consider finite element methods for solving time-harmonic Maxwell equations.
Video segmentation with motion smoothness

In this extended abstract, we propose a novel approach for video segmentation by utilizing motion information. Recently, graph-cutbased segmentation methods became popular in this domain but most of them dealt with color information only. Those methods possibly fail if there are regions similar in color between foreground and background. Unfortunately, it is usually hard to avoid, especially when objects are filmed under a natural environment. For instance, Figure 1(a) shows a result of graph cut with a small smoothness weighting, and hence some background regions are incorrectly labeled. On the contrary, if a larger smoothness weighting is used, some background regions near the foreground will be merged as shown in Figure 1(b). To improve those drawbacks, we propose a method based on both of color and motion information to conduct the segmentation. The method is useful because foreground and background usually have different motion patterns as shown in Figure 1(c).
Feedback fairs: low‐tech, high‐impact knowledge to action

component was incorporated into the spectrum of competencies that medical residents should acquire during their training and a course on poverty was developed and given to medical residents. In conclusion, we believe that the photovoice project represented a learning process for all participants. Residents’ concrete actions in direct response to the project can be seen as evidence that the photovoice method can be an effective tool for raising health professionals’ awareness of socioeconomic realities that differ from their own and have direct consequences on their patients’ health.
The Turtles Project: Design and Implementation of Nested Virtualization

In classical machine virtualization, a hypervisor runs multiple operating systems simultaneously, each on its own virtual machine. In nested virtualization, a hypervisor can run multiple other hypervisors with their associated virtual machines. As operating systems gain hypervisor functionality--Microsoft Windows 7 already runs Windows XP in a virtual machine--nested virtualization will become necessary in hypervisors that wish to host them. We present the design, implementation, analysis, and evaluation of high-performance nested virtualization on Intel x86-based systems. The Turtles project, which is part of the Linux/KVM hypervisor, runs multiple unmodified hypervisors (e.g., KVM and VMware) and operating systems (e.g., Linux and Windows). Despite the lack of architectural support for nested virtualization in the x86 architecture, it can achieve performance that is within 6-8% of single-level (non-nested) virtualization for common workloads, through multi-dimensional paging for MMU virtualization and multi-level device assignment for I/O virtualization.
Anti-interleukin-17 treatment of psoriasis

Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory dermatosis, affecting 2–3% of the US population. While first-generation cytokine antagonists targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-dependent pathways have produced favorable responses in the treatment of psoriasis, higher levels of efficacy in a greater proportion of patients have been shown in trials with antibodies targeting interleukin (IL)-17A and the IL-17 receptor subunit. This examines the role of IL-17 inhibitors in the treatment of plaque psoriasis. The efficacy and safety results from the phase-3 trials with monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-17RA (brodalumab) and IL-17A (ixekizumab and secukinumab) validate IL-17 as a highly effective therapeutic target for the treatment of plaque psoriasis.
UC Merced Frontiers of Biogeography Title Climate seasonality , fire and global patterns of tree cover

Vegetation systems with varying levels of tree cover are widely distributed globally, but the determinants of vegetation and tree cover still lack a consistent global framework. How these systems’ distribution responds to spatial variability of climate seasonality and associated fire regimes therefore remains unclear. Here, we focus on tree cover distribution at the global level. We develop a model that accounts for the role of seasonality and moisture in the dynamics that link climate, fire and tree cover. We choose predictors that have a clear link to functional processes that control tree physiology and growth, such as freezing tolerance (accounted for in the variable growing season length, GSL) and the balance between water availability and evapotranspiration (accounted for in the variables moisture index and moisture season length). The results show that the relative importance of climate factors and fire frequency as determinants of tree cover hinges on the GSL conditions. For example, significant interactions of tree cover with fire only occur in regions with GSL of 6–7 months or of 12 months. Our data also show a general relationship between maximum tree cover and moisture at the global level that is not visible when examining precipitation. Discontinuities in this relationship occur with frequent fires found under specific levels of seasonal moisture and temperature. A common climatic trait of frequent fires is moisture with a pronounced seasonality and an overall negative balance over the growing season. Frequent fires allow grassland to persist where there could be savanna/woodland as in the case of the North American grasslands. Frequent fires also allow savanna to persist where there could be forest, as found in tropical regions. This quantitative work is useful in improving large-scale land-atmosphere models as well as for identifying conditions of vulnerability for ecosystem diversity.
Composition of regular coverings of graphs and voltage assignments

Consider a composition of two regular coverings π1 : Γ0 → Γ1 and π2 : Γ1 → Γ2 of graphs, given by voltage assignments α1, α2 on Γ1, Γ2 in groups G1 and G2, respectively. In the case when π2 ◦ π1 is regular we present an explicit voltage assignment description of the composition in terms of G1, G2, α1, α2, and walks in Γ1.
Cancer Screening by Systemic Administration of a Gene Delivery Vector Encoding Tumor-Selective Secretable Biomarker Expression

Cancer biomarkers facilitate screening and early detection but are known for only a few cancer types. We demonstrated the principle of inducing tumors to secrete a serum biomarker using a systemically administered gene delivery vector that targets tumors for selective expression of an engineered cassette. We exploited tumor-selective replication of a conditionally replicative Herpes simplex virus (HSV) combined with a replication-dependent late viral promoter to achieve tumor-selective biomarker expression as an example gene delivery vector. Virus replication, cytotoxicity and biomarker production were low in quiescent normal human foreskin keratinocytes and high in cancer cells in vitro. Following intravenous injection of virus >90% of tumor-bearing mice exhibited higher levels of biomarker than non-tumor-bearing mice and upon necropsy, we detected virus exclusively in tumors. Our strategy of forcing tumors to secrete a serum biomarker could be useful for cancer screening in high-risk patients, and possibly for monitoring response to therapy. In addition, because oncolytic vectors for tumor specific gene delivery are cytotoxic, they may supplement our screening strategy as a “theragnostic” agent. The cancer screening approach presented in this work introduces a paradigm shift in the utility of gene delivery which we foresee being improved by alternative vectors targeting gene delivery and expression to tumors. Refining this approach will usher a new era for clinical cancer screening that may be implemented in the developed and undeveloped world.
First insulinization with basal insulin in patients with Type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting in Asia

Background: The First Basal Insulin Evaluation (FINE) Asia study is a multinational, prospective, observational study of insulin‐naïve Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Asia, uncontrolled (A1c ≥ 8%) on oral hypoglycemic agents, designed to evaluate the impact of basal insulin initiation.
Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Indexes in Adults With Metastatic Cancer on a Phase I Clinical Trial of Dietary Methionine Restriction

Animal studies have shown that dietary methionine restriction selectively inhibits growth of a variety of human tumor xenografts but has relatively few deleterious effects on normal tissues. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether enteral methionine restriction is safe and tolerable in adults with metastatic cancer and whether it reduces plasma methionine levels. Eight patients with a variety of metastatic solid tumors were enrolled in a phase I clinical trial. A commercially available methionine-free medical food served as the primary dietary protein source for all patients. Patients were prescribed diets containing 0.6-0.8 g of protein, 25-35 kcal, and 2 mg of methionine per kilogram per day. Participants remained on the experimental diet for an average of 17.3 wk (range 8-39 wk). Plasma methionine levels fell from 21.6 ± 7.3 to 9 ± 4 μM within 2 wk, representing a 58% decline. Serum albumin and prealbumin levels remained stable or increased. Mean energy intake increased during participation compared with baseline, and protein intake was maintained at target levels. The only side effect was weight loss of ~0.5% of body mass index (0.5 kg) per week. We conclude that enteral dietary methionine restriction is safe and tolerable in adults with metastatic solid tumors and results in significant reduction in plasma methionine levels.
Using the goodness-of-fit to validate the power sensor linearity specification

A microwave power sensor could measure the power levels ranging from 20 dBm to -70 dBm. The linearity is an important specification for accurate power measurements. The estimate of the linearity accuracy of power sensors is well-developed and studied. There are only limited papers and discussions on the validation of the power level linearity. In this report, we are presenting a statistical method, i.e. confidence level (e.g., 95%) and linear regression analysis, to determine the level linearity for a diode sensor. At first, the confidence level.
Effect of FSW parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of AM20 welds

ABSTRACT This paper aims to demonstrate the successful friction stir welding (FSW) conditions of AM20 magnesium alloy. The maximum yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of weld were found to be 75% and 65% of the base metal strength, respectively. The maximum bending angle of the welded joint was 45°. Observations revealed that less plunging depth, high shoulder diameter, and low tool rotational speed and welding speed give better tensile properties. Maximum temperature was observed at 1 mm away from the tool shoulder toward the advancing side. Micro-hardness variation is found to be decreasing along the depth of the weld, and nugget zone (NZ) gives the higher hardness values when compared with base material (BM) and other welded zones. Needle-like grains of the BM became equiaxed grains due to grain recrystalized by the FSW process. The grains in the NZ were finer than thermo-mechanically affected zone and almost same size of grains observed at bottom, middle, and top of the NZ.
The RCS reduction of microstrip antenna design based on multi-band metamaterial absorber

A novel kind of highly absorptive multi-band metamaterials absorber (MBMA) is designed to reduce microstrip antenna's radar cross section (RCS) at multi-band. The absorbing property of MBMA is analyzed. Compared to the antenna without the MBMA, the monostatic and bistatic RCS of the proposed antenna are reduced dramatically in-and-out of the antenna working band. Meanwhile, the radiation performance of the proposed antenna remains well kept.
VKOR variant and sex are the main influencing factors on bromadiolone tolerance of the house mouse (Mus musculus L.).

BACKGROUND After reports of management problems in practice, a survey was conducted to determine the presence of bromadiolone-resistant animals in different house mouse (Mus musculus L.) populations in Serbia. A 21 day no-choice feeding test was carried out to examine the resistance of house mice to bromadiolone. Eighty house mice collected from four locations (ten males and ten females per location) were tested for bromadiolone tolerance. Surviving animals and their F1 offspring were screened for mutations. The influence of VKOR variant, zygosity and sex on bromadiolone tolerance was analysed. RESULTS Bait intake and changes in body weight revealed different animal responses regarding susceptibility or resistance. Leu128Ser, Tyr139Cys and a new Ala21Thr polymorphism were detected in wild-born survivors and their F1 generation. However, not every individual with the polymorphisms Leu128Ser and Tyr139Cys survived the feeding test. VKOR variants and sex caused variations in bromadiolone tolerance. CONCLUSION For the first time it was shown that the VKOR variant, along with sex, is responsible for bromadiolone tolerance in house mice. Other factors influencing bromadiolone tolerance, including sex-specific factors, cannot be excluded. The tolerance levels of VKOR variants should be determined in further studies in order to evaluate the effectiveness of bromadiolone in sustainable management.
miR-375 Suppresses IGF1R Expression and Contributes to Inhibition of Cell Progression in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules which are involved in tumorigenesis and development. To investigate their role in primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), miRNA GeneChips were used to screen the differentially expressed miRNA, and then validated by real-time quantitative PCR in LSCC samples, we found that miR-375 was frequently downregulated in primary LSCC tissues. The tumor-suppressive effect of miR-375 was determined by in vitro assays; through gain-of-function studies we demonstrated that miR-375 can inhibit LSCC cell (SNU-48 and SNU-899) proliferation, motility, and invasion, and promote their apoptosis. In addition, bioinformatics tools TargetScan, PicTar, and Miranda were used to investigate the potential target of miR-375; bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that IGF1R was a novel direct target of miR-375. Ectopic transfection of miR-375 led to a significant reduction in IGF1R and its downstream signaling molecule AKT at both the mRNA and protein levels in LSCC cells. Our results suggested that downregulation of miR-375 is one of the molecular mechanisms for the development and progression of LSCC by directly targeting IGF1R and affecting its downstream AKT signaling pathways. Furthermore, miR-375 and IGF1R may serve as a novel therapeutic target for LSCC.