Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ten Research Questions for Family Therapy

A growing evidence-base shows that family therapy works, but many gaps in our knowledge remain about the conditions under which family therapy is effective and how it works. In this paper, ten critical research questions about family therapy that need to be addressed are considered. In short these are: 1. Is family therapy as effective in community settings as it is in specialist clinics? 2. For what problems is family therapy cost-effective? 3. Does family therapy work for under-researched problems and populations? 4. Do social-constructionist and narrative approaches to family therapy work? 5. Can family therapy protocols be enhanced for non-responders? 6. Can family therapy be combined with other psychotherapies to effectively treat specific problems? 7. Can family therapy be combined with pharmacotherapy to effectively treat specific problems? 8. What specific factors contribute to the effectiveness of family therapy with particular problems? 9. What common factors contribute to the effectiveness of family therapy? 10. What therapist and client factors contribute to the effectiveness of family therapy?
Conditions Facilitating Successful Discounting in Consumer Decision Making

Two types of discounting appeals were tested for effectiveness: an ignore appeal asks consumers to disregard a previously communicated claim because it may not be valid; a refute appeal specifically states that the challenged claim is incorrect. Results from two experiments indicate that the impact of the two appeals on consumer decision making depends on the elaboration the message underwent during encoding. Impact is also mediated by the extent to which a discounting cue provides counterinformation about a product and signals are interpretations of nonchallenged claims. Refute appeals are more effective due to their specificity and strength. Copyright 1990 by the University of Chicago.
Battling Doubt by Avoiding Practice: The Effects of Stereotype Threat on Self-Handicapping in White Athletes

Two experiments examined the use of behavioral self-handicapping as a strategy for coping with stereotype threat. Using sports as the performance context, it was predicted that if a sports test was framed as a measure of “natural athletic ability,” White participants would feel threatened about confirming the negative stereotype about poor White athleticism and would practice less before the test as compared to control groups. The data from Experiment 1 supported the prediction and showed that the effect of stereotype threat on self-handicapping was moderated by participants’ level of psychological engagement in sports. Experiment 2 showed that engaged White participants practiced less than engaged Hispanic participants when their performance was linked to natural athletic ability. The discussion focuses on the processes by which the salience of a negative stereotype in a performance context induces proactive strategies for coping with the implications of a poor performance.
Efficient FPGA mapping of Gilbert’s algorithm for SVM training on large-scale classification problems

Support vector machines (SVMs) are an effective, adaptable and widely used method for supervised classification. However, training an SVM classifier on large-scale problems is proven to be a very time-consuming task for software implementations. This paper presents a scalable high-performance FPGA architecture of Gilbertpsilas Algorithm on SVM, which maximally utilizes the features of an FPGA device to accelerate the SVM training task for large-scale problems. Initial comparisons of the proposed architecture to the software approach of the algorithm show a speed-up factor range of three orders of magnitude for the SVM training time, regarding a wide range of datapsilas characteristics.
Zfp148 Deficiency Causes Lung Maturation Defects and Lethality in Newborn Mice That Are Rescued by Deletion of p53 or Antioxidant Treatment

The transcription factor Zfp148 (Zbp-89, BFCOL, BERF1, htβ) interacts physically with the tumor suppressor p53 and is implicated in cell cycle control, but the physiological role of Zfp148 remains unknown. Here we show that Zfp148 deficiency leads to respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice. Zfp148 deficiency prevented structural maturation of the prenatal lung without affecting type II cell differentiation or surfactant production. BrdU analyses revealed that Zfp148 deficiency caused proliferation arrest of pulmonary cells at E18.5–19.5. Similarly, Zfp148-deficient fibroblasts exhibited proliferative arrest that was dependent on p53, raising the possibility that cell stress is part of the underlying mechanism. Indeed, Zfp148 deficiency lowered the threshold for activation of p53 under oxidative conditions. Moreover, both in vivo and cellular phenotypes were rescued on Trp53 +/− or Trp53 −/− backgrounds and by antioxidant treatment. Thus, Zfp148 prevents respiratory distress and lethality in newborn mice by attenuating oxidative stress–dependent p53-activity during the saccular stage of lung development. Our results establish Zfp148 as a novel player in mammalian lung maturation and demonstrate that Zfp148 is critical for cell cycle progression in vivo.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection superantigenicity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from psoriatic patients

Enterotoxigenic Stapylococcus aureus has an important role in triggering and maintenance psoriasis. This study was done to identify the frequency of the, genetic basis, enterotoxigenc S. aureus in psoriatic patient. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for detect S. aureus enterotoxine A and B genes of bacteria isolated from psoriatic patients. S. aureus of psoriatic skin lesions have the enterotoxin genes (55%) significantly more than those from healthy skin of psoriatic patients (10%). Two genes were examined to be harbored by S. aureus isolates, namely enterotoxin A gene (22.5%) and enterotoxin B gene (10%) from psoriatic lesions, versus 10% of isolates from healthy skin of psoriatic patients that harbored enterotoxin B gene only. Enterotoxigenic S. aureus (A and B genes) isolated from psoriatic patients have an associated role with psoriatic lesions.
Sharing Leadership of Schools through Teamwork

This article develops the empirically backed normative argument that ideally school leadership should be shared among staff, but the extent of sharing that is justifiable in practice depends on diverse contexts and consequent risks—especially for headteachers— that may inhere in the endeavour to share leadership. Findings are discussed of research into senior management teams (SMTs) in British primary schools showing how the heads variably shared leadership by setting parameters for teamwork. A model is put forward which links interaction between heads and other SMT members according to their belief in a management hierarchy and in equal contribution with different levels of team synergy. A contingent approach to sharing leadership is justified on the basis of this model and implications for training identified.
What can NLP tell us about BioNLP?

The goal of this work is to apply NLP techniques to the field of BioNLP in order to gain a better insight into the field and show connections and trends that might not otherwise be apparent. The data we analyzed was the proceedings from last decade of BioNLP workshops. Our findings reveal the prominent research problems and techniques in the field, their progression over time, the approaches that researchers are using to solve those problems, insightful ways to categorize works in the field, and the prominent researchers and groups whose works are influencing the field.
An Empirical Study of Tagging for Personal Information Organization: Performance, Workload, Memory, and Consistency

Tagging allows users to organize their information and retrieve it later with multiple, freely chosen keywords, which is impossible with categorical folders. The need to organize information for personal later retrieval has been found to be one of the most important motivations for tagging. Despite the popularity of the concept, more empirical evidence is still required to verify the real benefit of tagging for information organization and retrieval. Furthermore, the problems of inconsistency in tagging hamper the usefulness of tagging as an effective organization tool. The current study aims to investigate users' motivation, performance, and workload when they use tagging to organize personal information and how the system design could improve the process. First, a pilot study combining think-aloud and interviews was conducted to obtain insights on why and how users select tags. Then, the first experiment with 40 participants was conducted to empirically compare the performance and workload difference in information organization and retrieval tasks between categorization and tagging interfaces. The results show that tagging users reported a significantly higher level of mental demand and frustration when performing organizational tasks and a significantly higher level of temporal demand and error rate when performing retrieval tasks compared with categorization. However, tagging users tend to have better memory of the organized content. The second experiment aimed to study how individual tagging consistency can be improved by the proper visualization of tag suggestions. The impact of frequency visualization by font size and semantically clustering was studied with 40 participants. The results show that semantically clustered tag clouds improve tagging consistency significantly; when a semantic clustering effect is presented, frequency visualization by font size can significantly alleviate the physical demand perceived by users.
Starch Granule Initiation in Arabidopsis Requires the Presence of Either Class IV or Class III Starch Synthases[W]

The mechanisms underlying starch granule initiation remain unknown. We have recently reported that mutation of soluble starch synthase IV (SSIV) in Arabidopsis thaliana results in restriction of the number of starch granules to a single, large, particle per plastid, thereby defining an important component of the starch priming machinery. In this work, we provide further evidence for the function of SSIV in the priming process of starch granule formation and show that SSIV is necessary and sufficient to establish the correct number of starch granules observed in wild-type chloroplasts. The role of SSIV in granule seeding can be replaced, in part, by the phylogenetically related SSIII. Indeed, the simultaneous elimination of both proteins prevents Arabidopsis from synthesizing starch, thus demonstrating that other starch synthases cannot support starch synthesis despite remaining enzymatically active. Herein, we describe the substrate specificity and kinetic properties of SSIV and its subchloroplastic localization in specific regions associated with the edges of starch granules. The data presented in this work point to a complex mechanism for starch granule formation and to the different abilities of SSIV and SSIII to support this process in Arabidopsis leaves.
SOCIAL ROLES OF PLAYERS IN MMORPG GUILDS

In this study, we investigated the social roles that emerged from the users' behaviour and interaction (as opposed to pre-defined formal roles) within a virtual community of massively multiplayer online role playing game. Adopting the social network analysis perspective, we identified and analysed three major social roles with distinct interaction styles and network properties. It was found that core members of the community were players who contributed to the community expansion by providing help and fostering group cohesiveness through friendly social interaction. On the other hand, some periphery members were freeloaders whose sole purpose of joining the guild was only to utilize the guild resource.
MRI-Based Computational Model of Heterogeneous Tracer Transport following Local Infusion into a Mouse Hind Limb Tumor

Systemic drug delivery to solid tumors involving macromolecular therapeutic agents is challenging for many reasons. Amongst them is their chaotic microvasculature which often leads to inadequate and uneven uptake of the drug. Localized drug delivery can circumvent such obstacles and convection-enhanced delivery (CED) - controlled infusion of the drug directly into the tissue - has emerged as a promising delivery method for distributing macromolecules over larger tissue volumes. In this study, a three-dimensional MR image-based computational porous media transport model accounting for realistic anatomical geometry and tumor leakiness was developed for predicting the interstitial flow field and distribution of albumin tracer following CED into the hind-limb tumor (KHT sarcoma) in a mouse. Sensitivity of the model to changes in infusion flow rate, catheter placement and tissue hydraulic conductivity were investigated. The model predictions suggest that 1) tracer distribution is asymmetric due to heterogeneous porosity; 2) tracer distribution volume varies linearly with infusion volume within the whole leg, and exponentially within the tumor reaching a maximum steady-state value; 3) infusion at the center of the tumor with high flow rates leads to maximum tracer coverage in the tumor with minimal leakage outside; and 4) increasing the tissue hydraulic conductivity lowers the tumor interstitial fluid pressure and decreases the tracer distribution volume within the whole leg and tumor. The model thus predicts that the interstitial fluid flow and drug transport is sensitive to porosity and changes in extracellular space. This image-based model thus serves as a potential tool for exploring the effects of transport heterogeneity in tumors.
A Study of Hardware Programming from a Compilation Perspective

I propose a systematic review and evaluation of the use of general purpose, high-level programming languages for the design and synthesis of circuit specifications that implement algorithms directly as specialized hardware configurations. Specifically, I propose an examination of the, so-called, semantic gap between the understood features and semantics of popular software programming languages such as C and C++, and the capabilities of programmable logic devices such as FPGAs. A significant amount of research effort has already been devoted to this topic, but it is my belief that this research has generally failed to adequately address certain key issues in both principle and implementation. My research will comprise a study of the theory and practice of programming hardware descriptions, with the aim of providing insights that suggest how to bridge the semantic gap and yield more effective hardware programming techniques.
Antibody-nanoparticle conjugate constructed with trastuzumab and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel for targeted therapy of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most lethal malignancy in the digestive system. This study investigated an antibody-nanoparticle conjugate (ANC) constructed with trastuzumab (Herceptin®) and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel, Abraxane®) (trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel) as a novel strategy of targeted therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive GC. The ANC was fabricated with trastuzumab and nab‑paclitaxel by a 'one-step' synthesis using EDC/NHS. In vitro antitumor efficacy was evaluated by cell viability, apoptosis rate and cell cycle of HER2-positive GC NCI‑N87 cells and compared with paclitaxel (Taxol®), nab‑paclitaxel and trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel. In addition, GC xenograft models were established to evaluate antitumor efficacy in vivo. These results demonstrated that trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel was spherical with a suitable size (139.18±32.06 nm). The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for NCI‑N87 cells was 0.24±0.08, 0.13±0.03 and 0.048±0.01 µg/ml of paclitaxel, nab‑paclitaxel and trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel, respectively. Compared with paclitaxel and nab‑paclitaxel, trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel could induce a higher rate of apoptosis and significant G2/M arrest. At 4 weeks after treatment, tumor-bearing mice had a mean tumor volume of 233±24 mm3 treated by trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel, 559±97 mm3 by nab‑paclitaxel, 871±94 mm3 by paclitaxel and 1,576±190 mm3 by PBS as control, respectively, which showed that trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel could surpass nab‑paclitaxel and paclitaxel in antitumor effect. Furthermore, the NIR imaging indicated that trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel labeled by NIR-797 could more precisely focus on tumor regions. In conclusion, trastuzumab/nab‑paclitaxel could mediate targeted therapy and enhance antitumor efficacy, which could represent a novel therapeutic agent for HER2‑positive GC.
Interaction of furin in immature secretory granules from neuroendocrine cells with the AP‐1 adaptor complex is modulated by casein kinase II phosphorylation

The composition of secretory granules in neuroendocrine and endocrine cells is determined by two sorting events; the first in the trans‐Golgi complex (TGN), the second in the immature secretory granule (ISG). Sorting from the ISG, which may be mediated by the AP‐1 type adaptor complex and clathrin‐coated vesicles, occurs during ISG maturation. Here we show that furin, a ubiquitously expressed, TGN/endosomal membrane endoprotease, is present in the regulated pathway of neuroendocrine cells where it is found in ISGs. By contrast, TGN38, a membrane protein that is also routed through the TGN/endosomal system does not enter ISGs. Furin, however, is excluded from mature secretory granules, suggesting that the endoprotease is retrieved from the clathrin‐coated ISGs. Consistent with this, we show that the furin cytoplasmic domain interacts with AP‐1, a component of the TGN/ISG‐localized clathrin sorting machinery. Interaction between AP‐1 and furin is dependent on phosphorylation of the enzyme's cytoplasmic domain by casein kinase II. Finally, in support of a requirement for the phosphorylation‐dependent association of furin with AP‐1, expression of furin mutants that mimic either the phosphorylated or unphosphorylated forms of the endoprotease in AtT‐20 cells demonstrates that the integrity of the CKII sites is necessary for removal of furin from the regulated pathway.
Exploring the Metaphor of Connectivity: Attributes, Dimensions and Duality

The term `connectivity' has wide usage as a technical term describing connections between electronic devices. Increasingly, however, the concept of connectivity is being used as a metaphor for intra- and inter-organizational interactions. This article explores some of the attributes that make the metaphor of connectivity applicable to social phenomena, namely latent potentiality, temporal intermittency, actor agency and unknowable pervasiveness. Furthermore, it identifies how `connects' and `disconnects' suggest an underlying theoretical duality , which is illustrated across multiple dimensions of connectivity, including: geo-physical, technical, interpersonal, group, organizational, networks, economic, cultural, political and philosophical. Implications for management and research are discussed.
THE SYNCHROTRON EMISSION MECHANISM IN THE RECENTLY DETECTED VERY HIGH ENERGY RADIATION FROM THE CRAB PULSAR

Interpretation of the recently discovered very high energy (VHE) pulsed emission from the Crab pulsar is presented. By taking into account the fact that Crab pulsar's radiation for the optical and VHE spectrum peak at the same phases, we argue that the source of this broadband emission is spatially localized. It is shown that the only mechanism providing the results of the MAGIC Cherenkov telescope should be synchrotron radiation. We find that in the magnetospheric electron–positron plasma, due to the cyclotron instability, the pitch angle becomes non-vanishing, which leads to an efficient synchrotron mechanism, intensifying on the light cylinder length scales. We also estimate the VHE radiation spectral index to be equal to −1/2.
Resistance training alters skeletal muscle structure and function in human heart failure: effects at the tissue, cellular and molecular levels

• Individuals suffering from chronic heart failure are less able to perform everyday tasks. • This physical disability is explained, in part, by muscle weakness secondary to alterations in the proteins in muscles that are necessary for muscle contraction (myofilament proteins). • Weight training exercise increases muscle strength and physical function in heart failure patients, but the mechanisms of these improvements is uncertain. • We show that resistance training improves muscle strength through increased function of myofilament proteins. • These studies are important because they identify the molecular and cellular mechanisms whereby this type of training may promote beneficial changes in physical function in elderly individuals with heart failure.
Regulation of cytoskeletal organization and junctional remodeling by the atypical cadherin Fat

The atypical cadherin Fat is a conserved regulator of planar cell polarity, but the mechanisms by which Fat controls cell shape and tissue structure are not well understood. Here, we show that Fat is required for the planar polarized organization of actin denticle precursors, adherens junction proteins and microtubules in the epidermis of the late Drosophila embryo. In wild-type embryos, spatially regulated cell-shape changes and rearrangements organize cells into highly aligned columns. Junctional remodeling is suppressed at dorsal and ventral cell boundaries, where adherens junction proteins accumulate. By contrast, adherens junction proteins fail to accumulate to the wild-type extent and all cell boundaries are equally engaged in junctional remodeling in fat mutants. The effects of loss of Fat on cell shape and junctional localization, but not its role in denticle organization, are recapitulated by mutations in Expanded, an upstream regulator of the conserved Hippo pathway, and mutations in Hippo and Warts, two kinases in the Hippo kinase cascade. However, the cell shape and planar polarity defects in fat mutants are not suppressed by removing the transcriptional co-activator Yorkie, suggesting that these roles of Fat are independent of Yorkie-mediated transcription. The effects of Fat on cell shape, junctional remodeling and microtubule localization are recapitulated by expression of activated Notch. These results demonstrate that cell shape, junctional localization and cytoskeletal planar polarity in the Drosophila embryo are regulated by a common signal provided by the atypical cadherin Fat and suggest that Fat influences tissue organization through its role in polarized junctional remodeling.
Operations management teaching on European MBA programmes

A comprehensive review of the literature established that several investigations have been made of operations management teaching in the USA, whereas almost nothing has been published on European teaching. Therefore, an exploratory investigation was made of operations management teaching on the MBA courses of ten leading European business schools. The results show that course content is similar across schools, but there are large variations on three dimensions: the time allocated by schools to the subject; the balance between operations strategy and tools and techniques in teaching; and the level of emphasis given to service operations. The results also indicate the emerging importance of integrating operations management with other subjects in the MBA curriculum and the key challenge facing faculty ‐ the need to raise the perceived importance of operations management. The comparison of courses will be of interest to all operations management faculty who teach core courses and particularly those who are looking for ideas on how to re‐design courses.