Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RADIC-based Message Passing Fault Tolerance System

We present an analysis design of how to incorpo- rate a transparent fault tolerance system at socket level for message passing applications. The novel design changes the default socket model avoiding being unexpectedly closed due to a remote node failure. Moreover, a pessimistic log-based rollback recovery protocol added to this level makes possible restarting and re-executing a failed parallel process until the point of failure independently of the rest of the processes. This paper explains and analyzes the design time decisions. We tested and assessed them executing a master-worker (M/W) and Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) applications which follow different communication patterns. Promising results of robustness in interprocess communication were obtained.
Stability of Charlie's Method on Linear Heat Conduction Equation

Kaedah tak tersirat sangat menarik dalam mendapatkan penyelesaian beza terhingga bagi persamaan terbitan separa kerana sifatnya yang ringkas. Akan tetapi batasan kestabilan yang teruk yang dialami oleh kaedah ini mele\-mah\-kan ciri ini. Suatu kaedah yang mempunyai sifat kestabilan yang lebih baik ialah kaedah Charlie. Rantau kestabilan bagi kaedah ini untuk persamaan haba matra satu dibincangkan di sini. Katakunci: kaedah tak tersirat; kaedah Charlie; peramal-pembetul; kestabilan. Explicit schemes are attractive for obtaining finite difference solutions to partial differential equations because of their simplicity. However this feature is undermined by the severe restriction on stability that the schemes suffer. One method that appears to have better stability properties is Charlie's method. The stability region of this method applied to a one-dimensional heat conduction equation is discussed in this article. Keywords: Explicit schemes; Charlie's method; predictor-corrector; stability.
Mining Infrastructure in R

During the last decade text mining has become a widely used discipline utilizing statistical and machine learning methods. We present the tm package which provides a framework for text mining applications within R. We give a survey on text mining facilities in R and explain how typical application tasks can be carried out using our framework. We present techniques for count-based analysis methods, text clustering, text classification and string kernels.
Time to Assign a Law Enforcement Agency Exclusively to Combat Terrorism

Although there are a myriad of federal U.S. law enforcement agencies that are assigned to and partner with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), no law enforcement agency is exclusively dedicated to the task of fighting terrorism. Compelling data and sentiments of professionals and experts in the field of antiterrorism (interviewed in 2011) supported the establishment of a law enforcement agency or unit that is exclusively dedicated to antiterrorism. Law enforcement’s role in the detection, apprehension, and adjudication of suspected terrorists may require more concentration.
Parsimonious classifiers for software quality assessment

Modeling to predict fault-proneness of software modules is an important area of research in software engineering. Most such models employ a large number of basic and derived metrics as predictors. This paper presents modeling results based on only two metrics, lines of code and cyclomatic complexity, using radial basis functions with Gaussian kernels as classifiers. Results from two NASA systems are presented and analyzed.
Effect of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Calcium-Enriched Mixture Cement and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate on BMP-2 Production

Introduction: One of the hypotheses regarding the calcification induction by mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is the involvement of transforming growth factor-Beta (TGF-β) super family. Calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement is one of the endodontic biomaterials with clinical applications similar to MTA. The aim of the present in vitro study was to compare the induction of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) by a combination of disodium hydrogen phosphate (DSHP) and tooth colored ProRoot MTA (WMTA), to that of CEM cement and WMTA. Methods and Materials: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were obtained from the attached gingiva of human premolars. HGFs were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium, supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, penicillin, and streptomycin. Cells in groups 1, 2 and 3 were exposed to WMTA, CEM and WMTA+DSHP discs, respectively. The fourth group served as the control. After 72 h of exposure, HGF viability was determined by Mosmann’s tetrazolium toxicity (MTT) assay. BMP-2 levels in cell-free culture media were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed using the one-way ANOVA, followed by the post hoc Games-Howell test for BMP-2 and post hoc Tukey’s test for the results of MTT assay. Results: Cellular viability was significantly higher in group 3 compared to the other groups (P<0.05); however, CEM and WMTA did not exhibit significant differences (P=0.08). The control group exhibited significantly higher cellular viability in comparison to the other groups of the study (P<0.05). The highest and lowest protein production rates were observed in the WMTA (3167±274.46 pg/mL) and WMTA+DSHP (1796±839.49 pg/mL) groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the control, WMTA and CEM groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: WMTA and CEM did not exhibit any significant differences in terms of inducing BMP-2 production; however, incorporation of DSHP into WMTA resulted in a decrease in the induction of this protein.
Hot Deployment with Dependency Reconstruction

Hot deployment is a typical feature in mainstream application servers. But current application servers treat each module as a standalone application and may fail if a module with dependencies against other ones is partially updated with hot deploying. The reason lies in that those module dependencies are not respected in current application servers. Direct countermeasures that manage dependencies in application servers are actually inefficient or even infeasible. So in this paper, we propose an approach that automatically constructs the module dependencies with class loading mechanism which further helps to reconstruct the modular application respecting the dependencies upon hot deploying. Experiments show that our technology of hot deployment can ensure partial update of the modular applications correctly and efficiently.
Efficient Reversible Watermarking Based on Adaptive Prediction-Error Expansion and Pixel Selection

Prediction-error expansion (PEE) is an important technique of reversible watermarking which can embed large payloads into digital images with low distortion. In this paper, the PEE technique is further investigated and an efficient reversible watermarking scheme is proposed, by incorporating in PEE two new strategies, namely, adaptive embedding and pixel selection. Unlike conventional PEE which embeds data uniformly, we propose to adaptively embed 1 or 2 bits into expandable pixel according to the local complexity. This avoids expanding pixels with large prediction-errors, and thus, it reduces embedding impact by decreasing the maximum modification to pixel values. Meanwhile, adaptive PEE allows very large payload in a single embedding pass, and it improves the capacity limit of conventional PEE. We also propose to select pixels of smooth area for data embedding and leave rough pixels unchanged. In this way, compared with conventional PEE, a more sharply distributed prediction-error histogram is obtained and a better visual quality of watermarked image is observed. With these improvements, our method outperforms conventional PEE. Its superiority over other state-of-the-art methods is also demonstrated experimentally.
Splitting methods for the nonlocal Fowler equation

We consider a nonlocal scalar conservation law proposed by Andrew C. Fowler to describe the dynamics of dunes, and we develop a numerical procedure based on splitting methods to approximate its solutions. We begin by proving the convergence of the well-known Lie formula, which is an approximation of the exact solution of order one in time. We next use the split-step Fourier method to approximate the continuous problem using the fast Fourier transform and the finite difference method. Our numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.
A Complete and Linear Physical Characterization Methodology for the Arbiter PUF Family

As intended by its name, Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are considered as an ultimate solution to deal with insecure storage, hardware counterfeiting, and many other security problems. However, many different successful attacks have already revealed vulnerabilities of certain digital intrinsic PUFs. This paper demonstrates that legacy arbiter PUF and its popular extended versions (i.e., Feed-forward and XOR-enhanced) can be completely and linearly characterized by means of photonic emission analysis. Our experimental setup is capable of measuring every PUF-internal delay with a resolution of 6 picoseconds. Due to this resolution we indeed require only the theoretical minimum number of linear independent equations (i.e. physical measurements) to directly solve the underlying inhomogeneous linear system. Moreover, it is not required to know the actual PUF responses for our physical delay extraction. We present our practical results for an arbiter PUF implementation on a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) manufactured with a 180 nanometer process. Finally, we give an insight into photonic emission analysis of arbiter PUF on smaller chip architectures by performing experiments on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) manufactured with a 60 nanometer process. This paper is an extended version of the [46], presented at CHES 2014. Extra measurements to report the prediction precision of our proposed methodology, experimenting on a smaller technology and further discussion on the provided methodology are the main novelties of this version.
Adaptive interlaced space-time transmission

We introduce an interlaced space-time transmission scheme for multiple antenna links, that can compensate the spectral efficiency loss due to the radio channel variations and the associated channel estimation errors. The solution is constructed using multi-coding such that the transmitter interlaces space-time encoded blocks of different codewords belonging to potentially variable-rate codebooks in each coherence interval. The receiver demultiplexes the interlaced codewords to perform sequential decoding along with a progressive refinement of the channel estimation using virtual pilot expansion such that the correctly decoded packets are used as pilots for channel estimation for next packets. We develop achievable rate results for Alamouti code over block fading channels and verify that the theoretical gain is attainable using a rate-matched LTE Turbo code.
DYNAMO sound engine: exploring the aesthetics of dynamic sound interactions

This paper outlines the design and development process of the Dynamic Audio Motion (Dynamo) concept. The Dynamo audio engine was developed for driving dynamic sound interaction states via custom made finite state machine. Further, a generative sound design approach was employed for creating sonic and musical structures. Designed dynamic sound interactions were tested in an embodied information wall application with end-users. During the testing situation, end-users engaged in a reflective creation process providing valuable insight of their experiences of using the system. In this paper we present key questions driving the research, theoretical background, research approach, an audio engine development process, and end-user research activities. The results indicate that dynamic sound interactions supported people's personal, emotional, and creative needs in the design context.
Long-term Environmental Problems, Economic Measures and Physical Indicators

This thesis consists of five papers and an introduction dealing with various aspects of the use of environmental resources. In both Paper I, The marginal cost of CO 2 emissions, and Paper II, Discounting and distributional considerations in the context of global warming, we analyse the economics of the greenhouse effect. Focus is put on the choice of discount rate. It is shown that this choice is of crucial importance for the cost analysis and that its value can not be determined on objective grounds, mainly since one of the components of the discount rate, the pure rate of time preference, is ultimately a question of value judgements. We argue that the pure rate of time preference should be put equal to zero. Discounting is, however, justified if per capita income grows. But over longer time periods, the growth rate is expected to fall, and this then holds true for the discount rate as well. In Paper II we also develop a method for weighting costs with respect to the level of income of the group affected. The argument for giving higher weights to damage affecting poor groups or countries is the same as the argument for discounting costs in the future: the assumption of a declining marginal utility of income, implies that the value of one USD loss is higher for a poor than for a rich person. Using standard assumptions about damage functions related to climate change, and including the considerations above, we estimate the marginal cost of CO 2 emissions to lie in the range 260-590 USD/ton C (for a time horizon of 300 to 1000 years), an estimate which justifies large emission reductions. The estimate is approximately 50 to 100 times larger than estimates made by Nordhaus. The difference is almost entirely due to the way that future costs and differences in income have been treated. Environmental damage that remains for a long time can be seen as a debt to future generations. In Paper III, Defining the Generational Environmental Debt, we use neoclassical economics to derive a method for calculating this debt. The Generational Environmental Debt (GED) for past emissions of CO 2 is estimated at 10,000 billion USD. GED can be seen as a monetary indicator of past anthropogenic influence on nature. In Paper IV, Socio-ecological indicators for sustainability, we develop physical indicators which can be used to assess whether societal activities are becoming more sustainable or not. These indicators are characterised by two specific features: (i) they are intended to give early warning signals, and (ii) they are based on a set of general principles or system conditions for sustainability. In Paper V, Stability analysis of harvesting in a predator-prey model, a classical Lotka-Volterra type of model is used for a predator-prey system with two prey and one predator. The predator is being harvested and the response of the system is investigated for different harvesting strategies. We show that the use of a constant intensity harvest function, instead of a constant harvest quota function, makes the system more stable.
Joint DOA-delay estimation based on space-time matrix method in wireless channel

This paper presents a novel space-time matrix method to jointly estimate the directions of arrival (DOAs) and delays of multipath propagation signals in wireless communications. Using the proposed approach, the DOAs and delays are estimated by the eigenvalues and by eigenvectors of the space-time matrix, respectively. The pairing of the estimated DOAs and delays is automatically determined by the relationship between eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Compared with the previous works, the space-time method can provide better performance with substantially reduced computational complexity. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Optimal Online Sampling Period Assignment: Theory and Experiments

In embedded systems, the computing resources are often scarce and several control tasks may have to share the same computer. In this brief, we assume that a set of feedback controllers should be implemented on a single-CPU platform. We study the problem of optimal sampling period assignment, where the goal is to assign sampling rates to the controllers so that the overall control performance is maximized. We derive expressions relating the expected cost over a finite horizon to the sampling period, the computational delay, and the amount of noise acting on the plant. Based on this, we develop a feedback scheduler that periodically assigns new sampling periods based on estimates of the current plant states and noise intensities. Extensive experiments show that online sampling period assignment can deliver significantly better control performance than the state-of-the-art, static period assignment.
Estimating Optical Flow by Integrating Multi-Frame Information

In this paper, we develop two methods for estimating optical flow across multiframes in an image sequence. The rationale of our proposed methods is based on integrating temporal information from the reference image and its previous and next several images. The difference between the two methods lies mainly on the modeling in utilizing multiple images. The proposed methods can be applied to each point independently, and hence is suitable for many image-based applications. Experiments were conducted on various image sequences and the results show that using multiple frames can indeed reduce the estimation error significantly, especially at those points that possess good features.
User Actions and Timestamp Based Personalized Recommendation for E-Commerce System

In many recommender systems, explicit information is sparse or missing. While there is a great measure of user activities, i.e., the implicit user feedback, which implicitly reflects the preference of the user. In the literature, a number of scholars have proposed algorithms around implicit feedback, such as Bayesian Personalized Ranking(BPR). BPR is designed for implicit feedback ranking, simply it is restricted to one kind of action, e.g., purchase in Amazon or clicks a website. While, in most of the E-commerce system, user actions not only contain purchase but also click, collection and cart. Various forms of the action represent different levels of user preference. At the meanwhile, the timestamps of the actions indicate temporal aspects of the user preference. In this paper, we investigate how to combine the type of activities and the timestamp to get better recommendation results. We propose an Actions and timestamp based Bayesian Personalized Ranking model, At-BPR, for personalized ranking in the E-commerce system. The experimental results prove that, compared with BPR and the extension of BPR methods, At-BPR provides better-ranking performance.
The Drosophila Nol12 homologue viriato is a dMyc target that regulates nucleolar architecture and is required for dMyc-stimulated cell growth

The nucleolus is a subnuclear factory, the activity of which is required beyond ribosome biogenesis for the regulation of cell growth, death and proliferation. In both Drosophila and mammalian cells, the activity of the nucleolus is regulated by the proto-oncogene Myc. Myc induces the transcription of genes required for ribosome biogenesis and the synthesis of rRNA by RNA polymerase I, a nucleolar event that is rate limiting for cell growth. Here, we show that the fruit fly Nol12 homologue Viriato is a key determinant of nucleolar architecture that is required for tissue growth and cell survival during Drosophila development. We further show that viriato expression is controlled by Drosophila Myc (dMyc), and that the ability of dMyc to stimulate nucleolar and cellular growth depends on viriato expression. Therefore, viriato acts downstream of dMyc to ensure a coordinated nucleolar response to dMyc-induced growth and, thereby, normal organ development.
Automatic Construction of Nominal Case Frames and its Application to Indirect Anaphora Resolution

This paper proposes a method to automatically construct Japanese nominal case frames. The point of our method is the integrated use of a dictionary and example phrases from large corpora. To examine the practical usefulness of the constructed nominal case frames, we also built a system of indirect anaphora resolution based on the case frames. The constructed case frames were evaluated by hand, and were confirmed to be good quality. Experimental results of indirect anaphora resolution also indicated the effectiveness of our approach.
Stargardt-like macular dystrophy protein ELOVL4 exerts a dominant negative effect by recruiting wild-type protein into aggresomes.

PURPOSE Mutations in the gene Elongation of very long-chain fatty acids-4 (ELOVL4) have been shown to be associated with autosomal dominant Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3). ELOVL4 is expressed in photoreceptors and encodes a putative transmembrane protein of 314 amino acids with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. A 5 bp deletion in exon 6 of ELOVL4 observed in some STGD3 patients results in the truncation of the protein and loss of the ER retention signal. To understand the disease mechanism underlying STGD3 we studied the intracellular trafficking of the wild-type and a 5 bp deletion mutant of ELOVL4. METHODS Wild-type and mutant ELOVL4 proteins with the N-terminal GFP/V5 tags were expressed in COS-7 cells. Expression and the intracellular localization of the wild-type and mutant proteins were characterized by immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis using tag- and organelle-specific antibodies. Interaction between the wild-type and mutant proteins was studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis. RESULTS The mutant ELOVL4 protein exerted a dominant negative effect when the wild-type and 5 bp deletion mutant ELOVL4 proteins were co-expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunocytochemical analysis, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and FRET revealed that the mutant ELOVL4 interacts with the wild-type protein, forming higher molecular mass complexes that accumulate in aggresomes. CONCLUSIONS In the presence of mutant ELOVL4 protein, the wild-type protein was recruited into perinuclear cytoplasmic inclusions that resemble aggresomes. The interaction between the wild-type and mutant forms of ELOVL4 and the resultant alteration in the trafficking of the wild-type ELOVL4 protein suggest a mechanism for the pathogenicity observed in patients with autosomal dominant STGD3.
Radio location estimation using signal subspaces of array antennas

This paper discusses radio source localization estimation using array antennas. We first show some results of localization estimated by conventional methods and then propose an alternative approach for the localization using the signal subspaces obtained by array antennas. The signal subspaces, which include information about the strengths and angles of arrival of impinging signals on the array antenna, are utilized as the terminal fingerprint to identify the location of the terminal. We conducted some experiments to confirm the validity and effectiveness of our method.
Identification of a New Peptide for Fibrosarcoma Tumor Targeting and Imaging In Vivo

A 12-mer amino acid peptide SATTHYRLQAAN, denominated TK4, was isolated from a phage-display library with fibrosarcoma tumor-binding activity. In vivo biodistribution analysis of TK4-displaying phage showed a significant increased phage titer in implanted tumor up to 10-fold in comparison with normal tissues after systemic administration in mouse. Competition assay confirmed that the binding of TK4-phage to tumor cells depends on the TK4 peptide. Intravenous injection of 131I-labeled synthetic TK4 peptide in mice showed a tumor retention of 3.3% and 2.7% ID/g at 1- and 4-hour postinjection, respectively. Tumor-to-muscle ratio was 1.1, 5.7, and 3.2 at 1-, 4-, and 24-hour, respectively, and tumors were imaged on a digital γ-camera at 4-hour postinjection. The present data suggest that TK4 holds promise as a lead structure for tumor targeting, and it could be further applied in the development of diagnostic or therapeutic agent.