Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Statistical Considerations in Designing Tests of Mine Detection Systems: II - Measures Related to the False Alarm Rate

The rate at which a mine detection system falsely identifies man-made or natural clutter objects as mines is referred to as the system's false alarm rate (FAR). Generally expressed as a rate per unit area or time, the FAR is one of the primary metrics used to gauge system performance. In this report, an overview is given of statistical methods appropriate for the analysis of data relating to FAR. Techniques are presented for determining a suitable size for the clutter collection area, for summarizing the performance of a single sensor, and for comparing different sensors. For readers requiring more thorough coverage of the topics discussed, references to the statistical literature are provided. A companion report addresses statistical issues related to the estimation of mine detection probabilities.
The impact of sarcopenia on survival and complications in surgical oncology: A review of the current literature

Sarcopenia is the subclinical loss of skeletal muscle and strength and has been extensively studied in both the cancer and surgical literature. Specifically, sarcopenia has gained significant recognition as an important prognostic factor for both complications and survival in cancer patients. Herein, we review the current literature to date highlighting the specific impact of sarcopenia in patients undergoing oncologic procedures. J. Surg. Oncol. 2015; 112:503–509. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Graph-based Approach to Cross-language Multi-document Summarization

Abstract—Cross-language summarization is the task ofgenerating a summary in a language different from the languageof the source documents. In this paper, we propose a graph-basedapproach to multi-document summarization that integratesmachine translation quality scores in the sentence extractionprocess. We evaluate our method on a manually translated subsetof the DUC 2004 evaluation campaign. Results indicate that ourapproach improves the readability of the generated summarieswithout degrading their informativity.Index Terms—Graph-based approach, cross-language multi-document summarization. I. I NTRODUCTION T HE rapid growth and online availability of informationin numerous languages have made cross-languageinformation retrieval and extraction tasks a highly relevantﬁeld of research. Cross-language document summarizationaims at providing a quick access to information expressedin one or more languages. More precisely, this task consistsin producing a summary in one language different from thelanguage of the source documents. In this study, we focuson English to French multi-document summarization. Theprimary motivation is to allow French readers to access theever increasing amount of news available through Englishnews sources.Recent years have shown an increased amount of interestin applying graph theoretic models to Natural LanguageProcessing (NLP) [1]. Graphs are natural ways to encodeinformation for NLP. Entities can be naturally represented asnodes and relations between them can be represented as edges.Graph-based representations of linguistic units as diverse aswords, sentences and documents give rise to efﬁcient solutionsin a variety of tasks ranging from part-of-speech taggingto information extraction, and sentiment analysis. Here, weapply a graph-based ranking algorithm to multi-documentsummarization.A straightforward idea for cross-language summarizationis to translate the summary from one language to the other.
Multiperspective Reuse Prediction

The disparity between last-level cache and memory latencies motivates the search for efficient cache management policies. Recent work in predicting reuse of cache blocks enables optimizations that significantly improve cache performance and e ciency. However, the accuracy of the prediction mechanisms limits the scope of optimization. This paper introduces multiperspective reuse prediction, a technique that predicts the future reuse of cache blocks using several different types of features. The accuracy of the multiperspective technique is superior to previous work. We demonstrate the technique using a placement, promotion, and bypass optimization that outperforms state-of-the-art policies using a low overhead. On a set of single-thread benchmarks, the technique yields a geometric mean 9.0% speedup over LRU, compared with 5.1% for Hawkeye and 6.3% for Perceptron. On multi-programmed workloads, the technique gives a geometric mean weighted speedup of 8.3% over LRU, compared with 5.2% for Hawkeye and 5.8% for Perceptron. CCS CONCEPTS • Computer systems organization $\rightarrow$ Multicore architectures; • Hardware $\rightarrow$ Static memory;
An approach to quantify the influence of ground motion uncertainty on elastoplastic system acceleration in incremental dynamic analysis

Inclusion of ground motion–induced uncertainty in structural response evaluation is an essential component for performance-based earthquake engineering. In current practice, ground motion uncertainty is often represented in performance-based earthquake engineering analysis empirically through the use of one or more ground motion suites. How to quantitatively characterize ground motion–induced structural response uncertainty propagation at different seismic hazard levels has not been thoroughly studied to date. In this study, a procedure to quantify the influence of ground motion uncertainty on elastoplastic single-degree-of-freedom acceleration responses in an incremental dynamic analysis is proposed. By modeling the shape of the incremental dynamic analysis curves, the formula to calculate uncertainty in maximum acceleration responses of linear systems and elastoplastic single-degree-of-freedom systems is constructed. This closed-form calculation provided a quantitative way to establish statistical equivalency for different ground motion suites with regard to acceleration response in these simple systems. This equivalence was validated through a numerical experiment, in which an equivalent ground motion suite for an existing ground motion suite was constructed and shown to yield statistically similar acceleration responses to that of the existing ground motion suite at all intensity levels.
Providing On-line Access to Portuguese Language Resources: Corpora and Lexicons

Several Language Resources (LRs) for Portuguese, developed at the Center of Linguistics of the Lisbon University (CLUL), are available on-line at CLUL's webpage: www.clul. ul.pt/english/sectores/projecto_rld. html. These LRs have been extracted from or developed based on the Reference Corpus of Contemporary Portuguese (CRPC), a monitor corpus containing, at the present, more than 300 million words, taken by sampling from several types of written text (literary, newspaper, technical, didactic, juridical, parlamentary, etc.) and spoken text (informal and formal), pertaining to national and regional varieties of Portuguese (including European, Brazilian, African and Asian Portuguese). The LRs available for on-line queries include: a) several subcorpora (written and spoken, tagged and untagged) compiled and extracted from CRPC for specific CLUL's projects and now available for on-line queries; b) a published sample of "Portugues Fundamental", a spoken CRPC subcorpus, available for texts download; c) a frequency lexicon extracted from a CRPC subcorpus available for both on-line queries and download. Other RLs available for Portuguese are also referred: C-ORAL-ROM - Integrated Reference Corpora for Spoken Romance Languages, a CD-ROM edition of a spoken corpus with text-to-sound alignment; the LE-PAROLE corpus; the LE-PAROLE Lexicon and the SIMPLE Lexicon.
A Mid-level Visual Concept Generation Framework for Sports Analysis

The development of mid-level concepts helps to bridge the gap between low-level feature and high-level semantics in video analysis. Most existing work combines the customized mid-level concepts and statistical models to detect particular events. Based on broadcast sports video production knowledge, we extend our previous work to present a unified framework for mid-level concept generation in this paper. A video segment is characterized via three essential aspects: camera shot size, an object appearing in a scene, and video production technology. These three aspects clearly summarize the primary concerns in terms of a generic concept generation. Within this framework, we can flexibly and clearly define meaningful mid-level concepts towards comprehensive video content analysis, such as replay classification and the detection of events (e.g. goal, shoot, attack, foul, offside, and out of bound, etc.)
Quantum circuit simplification using templates

Optimal synthesis of quantum circuits is intractable and heuristic methods must be employed. Templates are a general approach to reversible quantum circuit simplification. We consider the use of templates to simplify a quantum circuit initially found by other means. We present and analyze templates in the general case, and then provide particular details for circuits composed of NOT, CNOT and controlled-sqrt-of-NOT gates. We introduce templates for this set of gates and apply them to simplify both known quantum realizations of Toffoli gates and circuits found by earlier heuristic Fredkin and Toffoli gate synthesis algorithms. While the number of templates is quite small, the reduction in quantum cost is often significant.
Explanation in the Situation Calculus

This paper explores different techniques for explanation within the framework of the situation calculus, using the so-called stolen car problem as its main example. Two approaches to explanation are compared: the deductive approach usually found in the literature, and a less common abductive approach. Both approaches are studied in the context of two different styles of representation.
Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Sustainability: Systems Design, Assessment and Applications

(a) Head of the Department, Department of Applied Science and Technology from 14 March 2013 to Till date (b) National Social Service (NSS) Programme officer – Unit VI from August 2007 to September 2014 (c) Assistant Director, Centre for Entrepreneurship development, Anna University from 18 March 2008 to 25 October 2013. (d) Director in-charge, Centre for Nanoscience and Technology from June 2011 to December 2011 (e) Placement officer AC Tech campus from Jan 2010 – March 2011
A comparison of two compound critiquing systems

Compound critiques allow users to simultaneously express directional preferences over several product attributes. Presenting the user with compound critiques is not a new idea. The original Find-Me Systems (e.g., Car Navigator) showed static compound critiques; they didn't change irrespective of user preferences or the product availability. Recently, a number of techniques for dynamically generating compound critiques have been proposed. While these techniques have been evaluated in isolation, to date no direct comparison of these (in terms of their interfacing characteristics and recommendation performance) has been reported. Motivated by this, our research groups have come together to carry out this comparison for the approaches we each take. The user study platform that we have developed facilitates the comparison of various critiquing based recommenders. In this paper we report the first set of results from a comprehensive real-user evaluation of two dynamic compound critique systems using this evaluation platform.
Particle Concentration Measurements in a Centrifugal Slurry Pump Using an A-Scan Ultrasound Technique

by JOHN MICHAEL FURLAN In the design of slurry transport equipment used in a variety of industries, the effects of solid particle concentration on hydraulic performance and wear need to be considered. An ultrasound A-mode imaging method has been developed to obtain local particle concentration measurements in slurry flows. Acoustic properties of slurry flows including velocity, backscatter, and attenuation as a function of volume fraction of solid particles, are examined in this study using various transducers. The most suitable transducer is selected to obtain concentration measurements in slurry flows. The technique is used to obtain concentration profiles in a homogeneous (vertical flow) and a non-homogeneous (horizontal flow) slurry flow of soda lime glass beads (195 m diameter) and water through a one inch diameter loop with solid particle concentrations ranging from 1-10 % by volume. For horizontal flow, profiles are obtained for average flow velocities of 1.2, 2.0, 3.0, and 3.5 m/s. The algorithm developed utilizes acoustic backscatter and attenuation measurements obtained from the homogeneous loop as calibration data in order to obtain concentration profiles in other (i.e. non-homogenous) flow regimes. A computational study using FLUENT is performed and a comparison is made with the experimental results. A reasonable agreement between the experimental and computational results is observed in the one inch pipe. Following transducer selection and refinement and
A Unified Tagging Solution: Bidirectional LSTM Recurrent Neural Network with Word Embedding

Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (BLSTM-RNN) has been shown to be very effective for modeling and predicting sequential data, e.g. speech utterances or handwritten documents. In this study, we propose to use BLSTM-RNN for a unified tagging solution that can be applied to various tagging tasks including part-of-speech tagging, chunking and named entity recognition. Instead of exploiting specific features carefully optimized for each task, our solution only uses one set of task-independent features and internal representations learnt from unlabeled text for all tasks.Requiring no task specific knowledge or sophisticated feature engineering, our approach gets nearly state-of-the-art performance in all these three tagging tasks.
Molecular mechanism of the inhibition effect of Lipoxin A4 on corneal dissolving pathology process.

AIM Excessive dissolve of corneal tissue induced by MMPs which were activated by cytokins and chemokines will lead to corneal ulcer. The molecular mechanism of Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on corneal collagen degradation in three dimensions was investigated. METHODS Rabbit corneal fibroblasts were harvested and suspended in serum-free MEM. Type I collagen, DMEM, collagen reconstitution buffer and corneal fibroblast suspension were mixed on ice. The resultant mixture solidified in an incubator, after which test reagents and plasminogen was overlaid and the cultures were returned to the incubator. The supernatants from collagen gel incubations were collected and the amount of hydroxyproline in the hydrolysate was measured. Immunoblot analysis of MMP-1, -3 and TMMP-1,-2 was performed. MMP-2,-9 was detected by the method of Gelatin zymography. Cytotoxicity assay was measured. RESULTS LXA4 inhibited corneal collagen degradation in a dose and time manner. LXA4 inhibited the IL-1β induced increases in the pro-MMP-1, -2, -3, -9 and active MMP-1, -2, -3, -9 in a concentration dependent manner. LXA4 could also inhibit the IL-1β induced increases in TIMP-1, -2. CONCLUSION As a potent anti-inflammation reagent, LXA4 can inhibit corneal collagen degradation induced by IL-1β in corneal fibroblasts thus inhibiting corneal dissolving pathology process.
Using large color LBP in generalized hough transform

A new color based generalized Hough transform algorithm which initially generates a similar color map between the prototype object and a test image and uses a novel Large Color Local Binary Pattern (LCLBP) descriptor on the similar color map for feature extraction and object detection is proposed. The novel LCLBP descriptor can efficiently capture the local structure of target object on the similar color map. According to the experiment results, the proposed algorithm can provide comparable accuracy with the state-of-the-art Hough algorithm, but ours is 27 times faster.
Core Site-Moiety Maps Reveal Inhibitors and Binding Mechanisms of Orthologous Proteins by Screening Compound Libraries

Members of protein families often share conserved structural subsites for interaction with chemically similar moieties despite low sequence identity. We propose a core site-moiety map of multiple proteins (called CoreSiMMap) to discover inhibitors and mechanisms by profiling subsite-moiety interactions of immense screening compounds. The consensus anchor, the subsite-moiety interactions with statistical significance, of a CoreSiMMap can be regarded as a “hot spot” that represents the conserved binding environments involved in biological functions. Here, we derive the CoreSiMMap with six consensus anchors and identify six inhibitors (IC50<8.0 µM) of shikimate kinases (SKs) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Helicobacter pylori from the NCI database (236,962 compounds). Studies of site-directed mutagenesis and analogues reveal that these conserved interacting residues and moieties contribute to pocket-moiety interaction spots and biological functions. These results reveal that our multi-target screening strategy and the CoreSiMMap can increase the accuracy of screening in the identification of novel inhibitors and subsite-moiety environments for elucidating the binding mechanisms of targets.
Toward a model for lexical access based on acoustic landmarks and distinctive features.

This article describes a model in which the acoustic speech signal is processed to yield a discrete representation of the speech stream in terms of a sequence of segments, each of which is described by a set (or bundle) of binary distinctive features. These distinctive features specify the phonemic contrasts that are used in the language, such that a change in the value of a feature can potentially generate a new word. This model is a part of a more general model that derives a word sequence from this feature representation, the words being represented in a lexicon by sequences of feature bundles. The processing of the signal proceeds in three steps: (1) Detection of peaks, valleys, and discontinuities in particular frequency ranges of the signal leads to identification of acoustic landmarks. The type of landmark provides evidence for a subset of distinctive features called articulator-free features (e.g., [vowel], [consonant], [continuant]). (2) Acoustic parameters are derived from the signal near the landmarks to provide evidence for the actions of particular articulators, and acoustic cues are extracted by sampling selected attributes of these parameters in these regions. The selection of cues that are extracted depends on the type of landmark and on the environment in which it occurs. (3) The cues obtained in step (2) are combined, taking context into account, to provide estimates of "articulator-bound" features associated with each landmark (e.g., [lips], [high], [nasal]). These articulator-bound features, combined with the articulator-free features in (1), constitute the sequence of feature bundles that forms the output of the model. Examples of cues that are used, and justification for this selection, are given, as well as examples of the process of inferring the underlying features for a segment when there is variability in the signal due to enhancement gestures (recruited by a speaker to make a contrast more salient) or due to overlap of gestures from neighboring segments.
Volume fractal dimensionality: a useful parameter for measuring the complexity of 3D protein spatial structures

A quantitative measure for estimating the complexity of 3D protein is proposed. The measurement is based on the fractal features of protein structures. A practical method for evaluating the volume fractal dimensionality (VFD) is described. Our investigations on large data sets from PDB show that similar protein shapes have close VFD and VFD may therefore be used as a token of evolutional proteins, and for protein prediction.
Integrating Time and Resources into Planning

AI Planning typically deals with the causal relations between the actions while the role of explicit time and limited resources is suppressed. The recent trends show that integrating time and resource reasoning into planning significantly improves direct applicability of planning technology in real-life problems. In this paper we propose a suboptimal domain-independent planning system Filuta that focuses on planning, where explicit time plays a major role and resources are constrained. We benchmark Filuta on the planning problems from the International Planning Competition (IPC) 2008 and compare our results with the competition participants.
Unsupervised Analysis of Classical Biomedical Markers: Robustness and Medical Relevance of Patient Clustering Using Bioinformatics Tools

Motivation It has been proposed that clustering clinical markers, such as blood test results, can be used to stratify patients. However, the robustness of clusters formed with this approach to data pre-processing and clustering algorithm choices has not been evaluated, nor has clustering reproducibility. Here, we made use of the NHANES survey to compare clusters generated with various combinations of pre-processing and clustering algorithms, and tested their reproducibility in two separate samples. Method Values of 44 biomarkers and 19 health/life style traits were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The 1999–2002 survey was used for training, while data from the 2003–2006 survey was tested as a validation set. Twelve combinations of pre-processing and clustering algorithms were applied to the training set. The quality of the resulting clusters was evaluated both by considering their properties and by comparative enrichment analysis. Cluster assignments were projected to the validation set (using an artificial neural network) and enrichment in health/life style traits in the resulting clusters was compared to the clusters generated from the original training set. Results The clusters obtained with different pre-processing and clustering combinations differed both in terms of cluster quality measures and in terms of reproducibility of enrichment with health/life style properties. Z-score normalization, for example, dramatically improved cluster quality and enrichments, as compared to unprocessed data, regardless of the clustering algorithm used. Clustering diabetes patients revealed a group of patients enriched with retinopathies. This could indicate that routine laboratory tests can be used to detect patients suffering from complications of diabetes, although other explanations for this observation should also be considered. Conclusions Clustering according to classical clinical biomarkers is a robust process, which may help in patient stratification. However, optimization of the pre-processing and clustering process may be still required.