Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Utility of Emotional Deficits and Callous-Unemotional traits for Important Antisocial Outcomes in Juvenile Justice-Involved Youth

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Hexastore: sextuple indexing for semantic web data management

Despite the intense interest towards realizing the Semantic Web vision, most existing RDF data management schemes are constrained in terms of efficiency and scalability. Still, the growing popularity of the RDF format arguably calls for an effort to offset these drawbacks. Viewed from a relational-database perspective, these constraints are derived from the very nature of the RDF data model, which is based on a triple format. Recent research has attempted to address these constraints using a vertical-partitioning approach, in which separate two-column tables are constructed for each property. However, as we show, this approach suffers from similar scalability drawbacks on queries that are not bound by RDF property value. In this paper, we propose an RDF storage scheme that uses the triple nature of RDF as an asset. This scheme enhances the vertical partitioning idea and takes it to its logical conclusion. RDF data is indexed in six possible ways, one for each possible ordering of the three RDF elements. Each instance of an RDF element is associated with two vectors; each such vector gathers elements of one of the other types, along with lists of the third-type resources attached to each vector element. Hence, a sextuple-indexing scheme emerges. This format allows for quick and scalable general-purpose query processing; it confers significant advantages (up to five orders of magnitude) compared to previous approaches for RDF data management, at the price of a worst-case five-fold increase in index space. We experimentally document the advantages of our approach on real-world and synthetic data sets with practical queries.
Design Tradeoffs of Long Links in Hierarchical Tiled Networks-on-Chip

Hierarchical topologies are frequently proposed for large Networks-on-Chip (NoCs). Hierarchical architectures utilize, at the upper levels, long links of the order of the die size. RC delays of long links might reach dozens of clock cycles in advanced technology nodes, if delay reduction techniques (e.g. wire sizing and repeater insertion) are not applied. Some proposals assume that long links can be adjusted to satisfy timing requirements but lack a deep evaluation of the tradeoffs and costs. Other proposals assume that long links must be pipelined, but do not provide a comprehensive justification. In this paper we evaluate the efficiency and the system costs of wire sizing and repeater insertion as methods to reduce link delays in hierarchical NoCs. We present a unified interconnect cost function that accounts for power and wiring overheads of these methods. Then, we quantify the costs of modifying long links in typical hierarchical NoCs for different target clock frequencies and technology nodes. Although long links might undergo aggressive adjustments, we find these overall costs to be low at the system level for many typical cases, taking into account that there are only a few long links in most proposed hierarchical NoC architectures.
Functional Comparison of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus vFLIP MC159 with Murine Cytomegalovirus M36/vICA and M45/vIRA Proteins

ABSTRACT Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) gene MC159 encodes a viral FLICE inhibitory protein (vFLIP) that inhibits caspase-8-mediated apoptosis. The MC159 protein was also reported to inhibit programmed necrosis (necroptosis) and modulate NF-κB activation by interacting with RIP1 and NEMO. The importance of MC159 during MCV infection has remained unknown, as there is no system for propagation and genetic manipulation of this virus. Here we investigated the functions of MC159 during viral infection using murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) as a surrogate virus. MC159 was inserted into the MCMV genome, replacing M36 or M45, two MCMV genes with functions similar to those reported for MC159. M36 encodes a viral inhibitor of caspase-8-induced apoptosis (vICA) and M45 a viral inhibitor of RIP activation (vIRA), which inhibits RIP1/RIP3-mediated necroptosis. The M45 protein also blocks NF-κB activation by interacting with NEMO. When expressed by MCMV, MC159 blocked tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis of infected cells and partially restored MCMV replication in macrophages. However, MC159 did not fully replace M45, as it did not inhibit necroptosis in murine cells, but it reduced TNF-α-induced necroptosis in MCMV-infected human HT-29 cells. MC159 also differed from M45 in its effect on NF-κB. While MCMV-encoded M45 blocked NF-κB activation by TNF-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), MC159 inhibited TNF-α- but not IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation in infected mouse fibroblasts. These results indicate that the spectrum of MC159's functions differs depending on cell type and expression system and that a cell culture system for the propagation of MCV is needed to determine the biological relevance of presumed viral gene functions. IMPORTANCE MCV is a human-pathogenic poxvirus that cannot be propagated in cell culture or laboratory animals. Therefore, MCV gene products have been studied predominantly in cells expressing individual viral genes. In this study, we analyzed the function of the MCV gene MC159 by expressing it from a different virus and comparing its functions to those of two well-characterized MCMV genes. In this system, MC159 displayed some but not all of the previously described functions, suggesting that the functions of a viral gene depend on the conditions under which it is expressed. Until a cell culture system for the analysis of MCV becomes available, it might be necessary to analyze MCV genes in several different systems to extrapolate their biological importance.
Beyond the Google search bar: Evaluating source credibility in contemporary research

Courses: Research Methods, Public Speaking, Communication Theory, any other course that requires college students to engage in a formal research process. Can be conducted in traditional, online, or hybrid courses. Objectives: In this original single-class activity, students will be able to evaluate source credibility for resources that extend beyond peer-reviewed, published journal articles and books. Through the use of Internet searches and social media outlets, students will engage in an evaluation process that will promote more effective research habits.
Households, Employment, and the Sense of Control*

This paper investigates how the combination of job and household circumstances modifies the association between employment and the sense of control over one's life. Data are from a 1985 sample of 809 Illinois adults. The average sense of control is greater among people with paying jobs than among those without. The difference increases with greater job autonomy and higher earnings. Not all household contexts of employment are alike, however; people who do most of the household workfind employment less beneficial to their sense of control. Also, the more family income comes from sources other than one's earnings, the less that employment increases the sense of control. For married women, the typical combination of low pay, low autonomy, high responsibility for household chores, and family income other than personal earnings negates the positive association between employment and the sense of control.
The Politics of Aristocratic Empires.

The Politics of Aristocratic Empires is a study of a political order that prevailed throughout much of the world for many centuries without any major social conflict or change and with hardly any government in the modern sense. Although previously ignored by political science, powerful remnants of this old order still persist in modern politics. The historical literature on aristocratic empires typically is descriptive and treats each empire as unique. By contrast, this work adopts an analytical, explanatory, and comparative approach and clearly distinguishes aristocratic empires from both primitive and more modern, commercialized societies. It develops generalizations that are supported and richly illustrated by data from many empires and demonstrates that a pattern of politics prevailed across time, space, and cultures from ancient Egypt five millennia ago to Saudi Arabia five decades ago, from China and Japan to Europe, from the Incas and the Aztecs to the Tutsi. Kautsky argues that aristocrats, because they live off the labor of peasants, must perform the primary governmental functions of taxation and warfare. Their performance is linked to particular values and beliefs, and both functions and ideologies in turn condition the stakes, the forms, and the arenas of intra-aristocratic conflict--the politics of the aristocracy. The author also analyzes the roles of the peasantry and the townspeople in aristocratic politics and shows that peasant revolts on any large scale occur only after commercial modernization. He concludes with chapters on the modernization of aristocratic empires and on the importance in modern politics of institutional and ideological remnants of the old aristocratic order.
Towards Decentralization: A Topological Investigation of the Medium and Low Voltage Grids

The traditional power grid has been designed in a hierarchical fashion, with energy pushed from the large scale production factories towards the end users. With the increasing availability of micro and medium scale generating facilities, the situation is changing. Many end users can now produce energy and share it over the power grid. Of course, end users need incentives to do so and want to act in an open decentralized energy market. In the present work, we offer a novel analysis of the medium and low voltage power grids of the North Netherlands using statistical tools from the complex network analysis field. We use a weighted model based on actual grid data and propose a set of statistical measures to evaluate the adequacy of the current infrastructure for a decentralized energy market. Further, we use the insight gained by the analysis to propose parameters that tie the statistical topological measures to economic factors that influence the attractiveness of participating in such decentralized energy market, thus identifying the important topological parameters to work on to facilitate such open decentralized markets.
Low temperature complex permittivity of MgF/sub 2/ at microwave frequencies from TE/sub 01/spl delta// modes

MgF/sub 2/ is a hard and birefringent crystal with low refractive index and a wide transmission range and is widely used in prisms and optical windows. The RF and microwave losses of magnesium fluoride (MgF/sub 2/) crystal are low as compared to other fluorides but not well investigated. In this paper the complex permittivity of MgF/sub 2/ studied using a TE/sub 01/spl delta// dielectric post resonator technique as a function of frequency and temperature is reported. Measured values of perpendicular component of the real part of permittivity are 5.41 and 5.33 and of the loss tangent are 1/spl times/10/sup -6/ and 2.7/spl times/10/sup -6/ at frequencies 9.2 and 20.5 GHz respectively at a temperature of 15K.
Multipoles of Even/Odd Split-Ring Resonators

The ultimate goal of metamaterial engineering is to have complete control over the electromagnetic constitutive parameters in three-dimensional space. This engineering can be done by considering either single meta-atoms or full meta-arrays. We follow the first route and perform numerical simulations of split-ring resonators, with different gap numbers and under varying illumination scenarios, to investigate their individual multipolar scattering response. For the fundamental resonance, we observe that odd-gap rings always exhibit overlapping electric and magnetic dipole responses while even-gap rings only exhibit that behavior accidentally. We expect our results to foster progress in the engineering of three-dimensional disordered metamaterials.
Intracellular Modulation of NMDA Receptor Function by Antipsychotic Drugs

The present study deals with the functional interaction of antipsychotic drugs and NMDA receptors. We show that both the conventional antipsychotic drug haloperidol and the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine mediate gene expression via intracellular regulation of NMDA receptors, albeit to different extents. Data obtained in primary striatal culture demonstrate that the intraneuronal signal transduction pathway activated by haloperidol, the cAMP pathway, leads to phosphorylation of the NR1 subtype of the NMDA receptor at 897Ser. Haloperidol treatment is likewise shown to increase 897Ser–NR1 phosphorylation in rats in vivo. Mutation of 896Ser and 897Ser to alanine, which prevents phosphorylation at both sites, inhibits cAMP-mediated gene expression. We conclude that antipsychotic drugs have the ability to modulate NMDA receptor function by an intraneuronal signal transduction mechanism. This facilitation of NMDA activity is necessary for antipsychotic drug-mediated gene expression and may contribute to the therapeutic benefits as well as side effects of antipsychotic drug treatment.
Algorithm Selection for Error Resilience in Scientific Computing

With process scaling and the adoption of post-cmos technologies, reliability and power are becoming a significant concern for future computing systems, especially highly parallel systems. Previous approaches have investigated augmenting applications with additional logic to detect and correct errors efficiently. In this research, we investigate the impact of different algorithmic designs on error resilience and propose an approach for algorithm selection for a class of equations, i.e. partial differential equations (PDEs), that are at the core of many scientific computing applications, which drive HPC systems. Many different schemes have been devised for the approximation of PDE systems, each with different accuracy, stability, and performance properties. In this research, there are two primary questions that we address: (1) Does numerical stability translate to error resilience? and (2) How do we design schemes to improve error resilience? If an algorithm's error resilience is correlated with its numerical stability properties, this may allow us to design more resilient applications by leveraging well established information on numerical stability. Even with a clear translation of numerical stability to error resilience properties, the question of designing these algorithms still remains however, due to the variety of implementations, schemes, and largely input specific nature of the design. In this research, we propose one approach for automated design using machine-learning. We observe that intelligent selection of the algorithm or a given problem, improves robustness by 20%-50%, on average, over the traditional selection of algorithms, without the addition of any other detection/correction logic.
A Novel Arabidopsis Vacuolar Glucose Exporter Is Involved in Cellular Sugar Homeostasis and Affects the Composition of Seed Storage Compounds1[W][OA]

Subcellular sugar partitioning in plants is strongly regulated in response to developmental cues and changes in external conditions. Besides transitory starch, the vacuolar sugars represent a highly dynamic pool of instantly accessible metabolites that serve as energy source and osmoprotectant. Here, we present the molecular identification and functional characterization of the vacuolar glucose (Glc) exporter Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Early Responsive to Dehydration-Like6 (AtERDL6). We demonstrate tonoplast localization of AtERDL6 in plants. In Arabidopsis, AtERDL6 expression is induced in response to factors that activate vacuolar Glc pools, like darkness, heat stress, and wounding. On the other hand, AtERDL6 transcript levels drop during conditions that trigger Glc accumulation in the vacuole, like cold stress and external sugar supply. Accordingly, sugar analyses revealed that Aterdl6 mutants have elevated vacuolar Glc levels and that Glc flux across the tonoplast is impaired under stress conditions. Interestingly, overexpressor lines indicated a very similar function for the ERDL6 ortholog Integral Membrane Protein from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Aterdl6 mutant plants display increased sensitivity against external Glc, and mutant seeds exhibit a 10% increase in seed weight due to enhanced levels of seed sugars, proteins, and lipids. Our findings underline the importance of vacuolar Glc export during the regulation of cellular Glc homeostasis and the composition of seed reserves.
Informed Consent and Engineering: An Essay Review

Martin and Schinzinger believe that the "problem of informed consent . should be the keystone in the interaction between engineers and the . lay public. "4 Engineering must seek to foster more openness with and participation by both clients and the public at large. To see engineering in this way? as social experimentation? is to emphasize the broad moral dimensions of a profession whose purpose is to provide "useful technological products within the bounds of safety considerations. '^ It is these moral dimensions which are thought to require informed consent.
PPARγ Is Activated during Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Inhibits Neuronogenesis from Human Neural Stem Cells

Congenital infection by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a leading cause of permanent sequelae of the central nervous system, including sensorineural deafness, cerebral palsies or devastating neurodevelopmental abnormalities (0.1% of all births). To gain insight on the impact of HCMV on neuronal development, we used both neural stem cells from human embryonic stem cells (NSC) and brain sections from infected fetuses and investigated the outcomes of infection on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ), a transcription factor critical in the developing brain. We observed that HCMV infection dramatically impaired the rate of neuronogenesis and strongly increased PPARγ levels and activity. Consistent with these findings, levels of 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), a known PPARγ agonist, were significantly increased in infected NSCs. Likewise, exposure of uninfected NSCs to 9-HODE recapitulated the effect of infection on PPARγ activity. It also increased the rate of cells expressing the IE antigen in HCMV-infected NSCs. Further, we demonstrated that (1) pharmacological activation of ectopically expressed PPARγ was sufficient to induce impaired neuronogenesis of uninfected NSCs, (2) treatment of uninfected NSCs with 9-HODE impaired NSC differentiation and (3) treatment of HCMV-infected NSCs with the PPARγ inhibitor T0070907 restored a normal rate of differentiation. The role of PPARγ in the disease phenotype was strongly supported by the immunodetection of nuclear PPARγ in brain germinative zones of congenitally infected fetuses (N = 20), but not in control samples. Altogether, our findings reveal a key role for PPARγ in neurogenesis and in the pathophysiology of HCMV congenital infection. They also pave the way to the identification of PPARγ gene targets in the infected brain.
California Verbal Learning Test-II performance in schizophrenia as a function of ascertainment strategy: Comparing the first and second phases of the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS)

The ﬁ rst phase of the Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS-1) showed performance de ﬁ cits in learning and memory on the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II) in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), compared to healthy comparison subjects (HCS). A question is whether the COGS-1 study, which used a family study design (i.e. studying relatively intact families), yielded “ milder ” SZ phenotypes than those acquired subsequently in the COGS-2 case – control design that did not recruit unaffected family members. CVLT-IIperformancewascomparedfortheCOGS-1andCOGS-2samples.Analysesfocusedonlearning,recalland recognition variables, with age, gender and education as covariates. Analyses of COGS-2 data explored effects of additional covariatesand moderating factorsinCVLT-II performance.324 SZsubjects and510 HCS had complete CVLT-II and covariate data in COGS-1, while 1356 SZ and 1036 HCS had complete data in COGS-2. Except for recognition memory, analysis of covariance showed signi ﬁ cantly worse performance in COGS-2 on all CVLT-II variables for SZ and HCS, and remained signi ﬁ cant in the presence of the covariates. Performance in each of the 5 learning trials differed signi ﬁ cantly. However, effect sizes comparing cases and controls were comparable across thetwostudies. COGS-2 analysescon ﬁ rmed SZperformancede ﬁ cits despite effectsof multiplesigni ﬁ cant covariatesandmoderatingfactors.CVLT-IIperformancewasworseinCOGS-2thaninCOGS-1forboththeSZand theHCSinthislargecohort,likelyduetocohorteffects.Demographicallycorrecteddatayieldaconsistentpattern of performance across the two studies in SZ.
Complex NMF: A new sparse representation for acoustic signals

This paper presents a new sparse representation for acoustic signals which is based on a mixing model defined in the complex-spectrum domain (where additivity holds), and allows us to extract recurrent patterns of magnitude spectra that underlie observed complex spectra and the phase estimates of constituent signals. An efficient iterative algorithm is derived, which reduces to the multiplicative update algorithm for non-negative matrix factorization developed by Lee under a particular condition.
α-Lipoic Acid Reduces Infarct Size and Preserves Cardiac Function in Rat Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway

Background The present study investigates the effects and mechanisms of α-Lipoic acid (LA) on myocardial infarct size, cardiac function and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat hearts subjected to in vivo myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Methodology/Principal Findings Male adult rats underwent 30 minutes of ischemia followed by 3, 24, or 72 h of reperfusion. Animals were pretreated with LA or vehicle before coronary artery ligation. The level of MI/R- induced LDH and CK release, infarct size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac functional impairment were examined and compared. Western blot analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism of LA pretreatment. The level of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α released to serum and accumulated in injured myocardium as well as neutrophil accumulation in injured myocardium were also examined after MI/R injury. Our results reveal that LA administration significantly reduced LDH and CK release, attenuated myocardial infarct size, decreased cardiomyocytes apoptosis, and partially preserved heart function. Western blot analysis showed that LA pretreatment up-regulated Akt phosphorylation and Nrf2 nuclear translocation while producing no impact on p38MAPK activation or nitric oxide (NO) production. LA pretreatment also increased expression of HO-1, a major target of Nrf2. LA treatment inhibited neutrophil accumulation and release of TNF-α. Moreover, PI3K inhibition abolished the beneficial effects of LA. Conclusions/Significance This study indicates that LA attenuates cardiac dysfunction by reducing cardiomyoctyes necrosis, apoptosis and inflammation after MI/R. LA exerts its action by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway as well as subsequent Nrf2 nuclear translocation and induction of cytoprotective genes such as HO-1.