Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest: Improving Adherence to National Guidelines

A ccording to the American Heart Association, a cardiac arrest is defined as an abrupt loss of heart function that is confirmed by the absence of circulation. It is reported that 250 000 to 300 000 outof-hospital cardiac arrests occur each year in the United States, with survival rates ranging from 6% to 12%. These low survival rates warrant treatment protocols that can improve outcomes, especially neurological, during a devastating ischemic event. Survivors of cardiac arrest face great obstacles in recovery. Those who experience a cardiac arrest are often left with neurological changes ranging from mild memory problems to permanent brain damage. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has been shown to improve survival and neurological outcomes by cooling the body’s temperature to 32-C to 34-C for 24 hours, which inhibits the negative effects that ischemia has on the brain. However, recent literature has shown that TH is underused in acute care settings. This may highlight a potentially valuable role for clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) who review the evidence and determine ways to improve adherence to national guidelines and patient outcomes. In 2003, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) recommended the initiation of TH after cardiac arrest as follows: ‘‘Iunconscious adult patients with spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest should be cooled to 32-C to 34-C for 12 to 24 hours when the initial rhythm was ventricular fibrillation. ’’ However, they cautioned that TH should not be used in patients with cardiogenic shock, life-threatening arrhythmias, pregnant women, and patients with known coagulopathy. The ILCOR guideline remains unchanged today. The most recent American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care continue to recommend that comatose patients with return of spontaneous circulation (commonly abbreviated ROSC) after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with an initial rhythm of ventricular fibrillation be considered for TH while adding consideration for a wider group of candidates. The 2010 recommendation states that induced hypothermia (cooled to 32-C-34-C for 1224 hours) should be considered for any patient who achieves ROSC after in-hospital cardiac arrest of any rhythm or after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with an initial rhythm of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) or asystole. The purposes of this article are to describe the history of TH and the pathophysiology of the intervention and demonstrate that TH is an intervention that improves outcomes for patients who might otherwise experience tragic consequences. Seven research studies will be reviewed and summarized.
Effect of LED wiring and cabling topologies on visible light communication channels

Visible light communication (VLC) is an emerging short-range wireless access technology. It involves the dual use of illumination infrastructure for communication purposes and builds upon the principle of modulating light emitting diodes (LEDs) at very high speeds that are not noticeable to the human eye. Although there has been a growing literature on VLC channel modeling, the existing works mainly overlook the effects of wiring and cabling topologies. Wiring topology refers to how LED chips are connected within the luminaire while cabling topology refers to how the luminaires are connected to the communication access point. In this paper, we adopt ray-tracing based VLC channel modeling approach and consider various cabling/wiring topologies. For each topology, we obtain channel impulse responses (CIRs) and quantify the impact of wiring and cabling delays.
Forecasting of Electricity Price and Demand Using Auto-Regressive Neural Networks

Abstract This paper proposes a forecasting technique of electricity demand and price with volatility based on neural networks. Recent deregulation and liberalization are worldwide currents in the electric industry. The price competition was introduced in a spot market, and the price volatility is concerned because the demand side is non-elastic, and electricity differs from other general commodities. The authors firstly predict an uncertain electric power demand by using the auto-regressive model of the neural networks. The neural network is a popular feed-forward three-layer model, and the input variables of the neural networks include the historical demand, temperature, weather-related discomfort index, and the day of the week. Secondly, by using the demand forecasted and the past prices, we apply the technique for forecasting the electricity price of the next day. The utility of the proposed technique was verified by using real data of the electric power wholesale spot market.
SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM AE AQUARII WITH SEVEN YEARS OF FERMI LAT OBSERVATIONS

AE Aquarii (AE Aqr) is a cataclysmic binary hosting one of the fastest rotating ( = 33.08 s) white dwarfs (WDs) known. Based on seven years of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Pass 8 data, we report on a deep search for gamma-ray emission from AE Aqr. Using X-ray observations from ASCA, XMM-Newton, Chandra, Swift, Suzaku, and NuSTAR, spanning 20 years, we substantially extend and improve the spin ephemeris of AE Aqr. Using this ephemeris, we searched for gamma-ray pulsations at the spin period of the WD. No gamma-ray pulsations were detected above 3σ significance. Neither phase-averaged gamma-ray emission nor gamma-ray variability of AE Aqr is detected by Fermi LAT. We impose the most restrictive upper limit to the gamma-ray flux from AE Aqr to date: erg cm−2 s−1 in the 100 MeV–300 GeV energy range, providing constraints on models.
The Impact of Trading Information in Derivative Markets on the Korean Stock Market

This paper attempts to investigate the impact of transaction information formed in derivative markets on the Korean stock market based on the notion that both institutional and foreign investors are smart traders who trade securities on transaction information in derivative markets. To test our hypothesis that the impact of transaction information in derivative markets is stronger on the stocks preferred by smart traders, we form several portfolios sorted on firm size, price, book to market value, institutional ownership, and lottery type features and examine the impact of transaction information in derivative markets on the respective portfolio returns with the composed derivative index. This study reveals that the transaction information in derivative market has greater impacts on the stocks preferred by smart traders (i.e., large firm, high priced, high BM, high institutional ownership, and non-lottery type stocks).
Pathological exon skipping in an HNPCC proband with MLH1 splice acceptor site mutation

One of the most commonly mutated mismatch repair genes in human nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is MLH1. We identified a splice site mutation in MLH1 in a colorectal cancer proband (T‐to‐A at position −11 of intron 1 splice acceptor) and investigated its functional consequences by RT‐PCR, using lymphocyte mRNA from the proband, two noncarrying siblings, and one unrelated individual. Subcloning of PCR products followed by sequencing of individual clones revealed increased transcript heterogeneity in the mutation carrier, attributable to the presence of a variety of mRNA forms lacking exon 2, or combinations of exons 2, 4, 6, 9, and 10. The full‐length transcript subcloned from the mutation carrier was detected with a much reduced frequency, suggesting that only the wild‐type allele produced functional MLH1 mRNA. The three noncarriers expressed some previously described transcripts and several novel variants, but none that lacked exon 2. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that this splice site mutation causes skipping of MLH1 exon 2 in a large proportion of mRNA transcripts derived from the mutated allele. Such an observation strengthens the case for identifying the mutation as pathogenic in this HNPCC family, which is of interest given the rarity of exon skipping defects resulting from splice acceptor site mutations outside the invariant AG dinucleotide. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Yaoita , Kimio Satoh and Hiroaki Shimokawa Novel Therapeutic Targets of Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease caused by small pulmonary artery obstruction by vascular proliferation and remodeling. PH is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and increased pulmonary vascular resistance, frequently leading to right heart failure and death. PH is defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≥25 mm Hg at rest with right heart catheterization. The classification of PH includes 5 major categories of the disorder. Group 1, which is called as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), is a clinical condition defined as mean pulmonary arterial pressure ≥25 mm Hg and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure ≤15 mm Hg, which is characterized by the presence of precapillary PH in the absence of other causes of precapillary PH, such as PH caused by lung diseases, chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH), or other rare diseases. Pulmonary veno-occlusive diseases and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (Group 1) are caused by occlusion of pulmonary vein and should be a distinct category. These diseases are not completely separated from PAH because they share similar characteristics with PAH. Group 2 PH is caused by left heart disease, which is characterized by the passive backward transmission of the pressure elevation (postcapillary PH). Group 3 PH is caused by lung diseases and hypoxia, which is caused by hypoxic vasoconstriction as a result of lung diseases. Group 4 PH is called as CTEPH, which is caused by chronic and mechanical obstruction of central and distal pulmonary arteries by organized thrombi. Group 5 PH is caused by rare diseases, such as sarcoidosis and aortitis. Although the treatment of PH has been developed, including prostaglandin I2, 3 endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase V inhibitor, and soluble guanylate cyclase, PH still remains a fatal disease. Thus, the novel therapeutic targets for PH remain to be elucidated. Indeed, significant progresses have been made in this research field. We briefly review the recent progress on the novel therapeutic targets of PH.
Dismantling prevention: Comparison of outcomes following media literacy and appearance comparison modules in a randomised controlled trial

A dismantling study of body dissatisfaction prevention was conducted. Adolescent girls (N = 260) were randomly allocated to a media literacy (Happy Being Me – Media Literacy) or appearance comparison (Happy Being Me – Appearance Comparison) intervention or healthy eating behaviour control (Happy Being Me – Healthy Eating Behaviour) condition. In the Happy Being Me – Appearance Comparison condition, improvements from baseline to post-programme and follow-up for upward appearance comparison and fear of negative appearance evaluation were observed. In the Happy Being Me – Media Literacy condition, improvements were observed from baseline to post-programme for upward appearance comparison and realism scepticism. Findings were similar in a high-risk subsample and overall are moderately supportive of appearance comparison-based interventions, but less supportive of a stand-alone media literacy intervention.
Client Server based Image Enhancement in Android Phones

A mobile Operating system is an OS for hand held devices or mobiles. Smart phones in today’s World are found to be based on different Operating systems. For ex. , Nokia’s Symbian OS, Apple’s IOS, RIM’s BlackBerry OS, Microsoft’s Windows Phone OS, Google’s Android, Samsung’s Bada OS, etc., Android has large number of developers writing applications (“apps”) that extend the functionality of the devices. As of March 2012 there were more than 725,000 apps available for Android. In this paper we are presenting an image enhancement technique to enhance image on android phones. The terms Server and Server side programming are very commonly used. Generally speaking, a server is an application hosted on a machine and provides some services to other applications (clients) requesting the services. In our application PHP is used at the server side which performs the task of image enhancement. Here the android mobile acts as a Client which is used to capture the image and send it to the PHP server for processing. After processing the image is sent back to the mobile (client). This app can be can be used in the areas such as traffic analysis, medical image analysis, satellite and defence applications, where images captured are required to be enhanced to have a better view. Three different image enhancement algorithms such as Histogram equalization, Brightness Preserving Bi Histogram Equalization (BBHE), Average luminance with weighted histogram equalization (ALWHE) are used for enhancement.
Obstacles, their relationships and strategy implementation failure

Strategy implementation remains a difficult task with improbable success. This paper provides an explanation on why so many strategy implementation efforts fail. The paper addresses the following questions: What are the obstacles to a successful strategy implementation? Do these obstacles simply accumulate during implementation or do they relate to each other in more damaging ways? and Can an obstacle be the cause leading to, and reinforcing, other obstacles? Based on an extensive review of the literature and on an in-depth case study analysis, this paper draws three main conclusions. The first is that there is little agreement regarding what the real implementation obstacles are. The second is that obstacles interact and can be strongly interrelated in dynamic and complex manners, which add further difficulties to the process of strategy implementation. The third is that obstacles can lead to and cause other obstacles, eventually forming long causality chains of blockages.
Professional service firms entering emerging markets: the role of network relationships

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify key barriers to internationalisation in emerging markets (EMs) for professional service firms (PSFs) from developed markets and to explain how PSFs use social networks to participate within EMs of Asia and overcome these barriers. The paper aims to provide a framework of this process.Design/methodology/approach – A case‐based research design is used to explore key professional service industries (legal, media consulting and financial), providing three case studies, in a developed market (Australia) that are expanding rapidly into EMs (Thailand, Malaysia, and Vietnam) of Asia.Findings – The elements of orientating, positioning and timing were identified as critical in the context of foreign entry, with the network perspective providing a useful theoretical explanation of this process and underpinning the conceptual framework. Key barriers to internationalisation in EMs for PSFs from developed markets are identified: face‐to‐face communication, language, cu.
Signature Protein of the PVC Superphylum

ABSTRACT The phyla Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, Lentisphaerae, and “Candidatus Omnitrophica (OP3)” comprise bacteria that share an ancestor but show highly diverse biological and ecological features. Together, they constitute the PVC superphylum. Using large-scale comparative genome sequence analysis, we identified a protein uniquely shared among all of the known members of the PVC superphylum. We provide evidence that this signature protein is expressed by representative members of the PVC superphylum. Its predicted structure, physicochemical characteristics, and overexpression in Escherichia coli and gel retardation assays with purified signature protein suggest a housekeeping function with unspecific DNA/RNA binding activity. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the signature protein is a suitable phylogenetic marker for members of the PVC superphylum, and the screening of published metagenome data indicated the existence of additional PVC members. This study provides further evidence of a common evolutionary history of the PVC superphylum and presents a unique case in which a single protein serves as an evolutionary link among otherwise highly diverse members of major bacterial groups.
New Mineral Names

This New Mineral Names has entries for nine new minerals, including cayalsite-(Y), engelhauptite, flurlite, hydroniumpharmacoalumite, mambertiite, paradsasvarite, perettiite-(Y), shuvalovite, and suseinargiuite. # Cayalsite-(Y)* {#article-title-2} T. Malcherek, J. Schluter, M. Cooper, N. Ball, and T. Husdal (2015) Cayalsite-(Y), a new rare-earth calcium aluminium fluorosilicate with OD character. European Journal of Mineralogy , 27(5), 683–694. The new mineral cayalsite-(Y) (IMA 2011-094), ideally CaY6Al2Si4O18F6 was found in cavities of Y-fluorite in two granitic NYF-pegmatites hosted by 1742 ± 46 Ma granitic gneiss in Tysfjord, Nordland, Norway: Stetind (68°10′15.20″N 16°33′10.65″E) and Ovre Lapplaegeret (68°02′3.26″N 16°00′14.98″E). At both localities, cayalsite-(Y) occurs as a late-stage mineral forming colorless to faintly pink vitreous prismatic crystals up to 1.2 × 0.4 mm or radiating aggregates. Observed crystal forms are: prisms {011}, {012}, {110}, {210}, {201}; dipyramids {221}, {312}; and pinacoids {100}, {010}, {001}. Closely associated minerals at both localities are bastnasite-(Ce), hematite and vyuntspakhkite-(Y). Hundholmenite-(Y) and a montmorillonite-like mineral are found in Stetind. Cayalsite-(Y) has been found in two polytypes (1 M and 1 O ). Both polytypes occur as intergrown crystals in Stetind while only the 1 O -polytype has been clearly identified at Ovre Lapplaegeret. Cayalsite-(Y) has a white streak, vitreous luster, and does not show any fluorescence. It is brittle with uneven fracture and no observed cleavage. The micro-indentation hardness of 1 O polytype (the load weight not given) VHN = 1049 kg/mm2 (10 390.7 MPa) corresponds to ~6½ of Mohs scale. The density was not measured. …
Strategies Adopted by Male and Female Entrepreneurs in Italy to Face the Economic Crisis

The current economic and financial crisis has had a profound impact on the Italian economy, and has put Italian companies into great difficulty; however statistical data shows that businesses owned by women seem to have resisted the economic crisis more effectively than those owned by men. This paper seeks to describe the ways in which Italian businesses have responded to the economic crisis and adopted strategies to deal with it. The study also compares the attitudes and behaviours of male and female entrepreneurs, in order to gain insight into their respective ways of dealing with the recession. The literature review shows that firms have faced the economic crisis by adopting either an offensive or defensive approach, and by externally -- or internally -- directed action. Four main types of strategy were identified: restructuring, resizing, reorganization and innovation/development. Drawing from a questionnaire survey given to a sample of 300 (150 male and 150 female) owners of micro-enterprises located in the Marche region of Central Italy, the findings suggest that firms adopted mainly a defensive approach characterized by both restructuring and resizing strategies aimed to improve efficiency and refocus the core business. An offensive approach -- involving innovation, development or reorganization strategies -- was less common. A comparison between men and women shows that female entrepreneurs showed a lower propensity towards investment, innovation, development and growth. Consequently, they were signiﬁcantly less oriented toward innovation/development strategies than men. Results suggest that under the same external conditions, gender may influence the strategies adopted by entrepreneurs in responding to the economic crisis. The defensive approach adopted by women entrepreneurs may be considered positive in the short-term, as it aims at guaranteeing the survival of the business. However, in the long-term it could undermine the ability of a business to seize new opportunities and to innovate, and consequently weaken competitiveness.
Heart rate variability biofeedback, executive functioning and chronic brain injury

Primary objective: To determine if individuals with brain injury can modify heart rate variability (HRV) through biofeedback and, if so, enhance its pattern to improve emotional regulation and problem-solving ability. Design: A quasi-experimental design with repeated measures was employed. Thirteen individuals aged 23–63 years with severe brain injury (13–40 years post-onset) participating in a community-based programme were enrolled. Main outcomes: Response-to-treatment was measured with HRV indices, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A-Informant) and attention/problem-solving tests. Results: At post-treatment, HRV indices (Low Frequency/High Frequency [LF/HF] and coherence ratio) increased significantly. Increased LF/HF values during the second-half of a 10-minute session were associated with higher attention scores. Participants who scored better (by scoring lower) in informant ratings at pre-treatment had highest HRV scores at post-treatment. Accordingly, at post-treatment, families’ ratings of participants’ emotional control correlated with HRV indices; staffs’ ratings of participants’ working memory correlated with participants’ HRV indices. Self-ratings of the BRIEF-A Task Monitoring scale at post-treatment correlated with family ratings at pre-treatment and post-treatment. Conclusions: Results demonstrate an association between regulation of emotions/cognition and HRV training. Individuals with severe, chronic brain injury can modify HRV through biofeedback. Future research should evaluate the efficacy of this approach for modifying behavioural problems.
Visual versus Auditory Memory Stimulation in Patients with Probable Alzheimer's Disease A PET Study with 18 FDG a

Patients with probable Alzheimer's disease were either stimulated with a continuous visual recognition task (n = 18) or with a continuous auditory recognition task during PET measurement with 18 FDG. The PET scanner was a Siemens CTI, ECAT EXACT with 5 mm transaxial and 6 mm axial resolution. The global stimulation effects were nearly identical in both groups and increased of 4.17 ± 8.14% in the auditory stimulated group and of 4.03 ± 11.78% in the visual stimulated group. Beyond regional stimulation effects in both groups a common cerebellar stimulation effect was measured. It is concluded that the cerebellar stimulation effect reflects a modality independent cognitive process and that the only small enhancement of global glucose metabolism indicates disturbed stimuli processes and finally explained the patient's failure in memory tasks.
A sign reading system for the visually impaired

Navigating within new or unfamiliar environments is a major problem for the visually impaired, not only in moving about safely but also in finding their location and the way to their destination. One key issue is that the visually impaired cannot take advantage of available directional signs, maps, building directories, etc. Accordingly, we propose in this paper a helper system that aims at locating indoor signs and reading their content out loud. While existing approaches are limited by relying on specific shapes or color marks, or requiring user assistance, our system is able to automatically locate and read the signs present in the indoor environment. Using a portable camera, computer, and headphones, the system continuously captures images, locates and extracts the text within, and converts it into speech. The system integrates proven text processing and speech synthesis algorithms, as well as novel techniques for text identification and logical content filtering.