Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Level Synthesis of Complex Applications: An H.264 Video Decoder

High level synthesis (HLS) is gaining wider acceptance for hardware design due to its higher productivity and better design space exploration features. In recent years, HLS techniques and design flows have also advanced significantly, and as a result, many new FPGA designs are developed with HLS. However, despite many studies using HLS, the size and complexity of such applications remain generally small, and it is not well understood how to design and optimize for HLS with large, complex reference code. Typical HLS benchmark applications contain somewhere between 100 to 1400 lines of code and about 20 sub-functions, but typical input applications may contain many times more code and functions. To study such complex applications, we present a case study using HLS for a full H.264 decoder: an application with over 6000 lines of code and over 100 functions. We share our experience on code conversion for synthesizability, various HLS optimizations, HLS limitations while dealing with complex input code, and general design insights. Through our optimization process, we achieve 34 frames/s at 640x480 resolution (480p). To enable future study and benefit the research community, we open-source our synthe- sizable H.264 implementation.
A Non-Linear Approach to ECG Signal Processing using Morphological Filters

Analysis of the Electrocardiogram ECG signals is the pre-requisite for the clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. ECG signal is degraded by artifacts such as baseline drift and noises which appear during the acquisition phase. The effect of impulse and Gaussian noises is randomly distributed whereas baseline drift generally affects the baseline of the ECG signal; these artifacts induce interference in the diagnosis of cardio diseases. The influence of these artifacts on the ECG signals needs to be removed by suitable ECG signal processing scheme. This paper proposes combination of non linear morphological operators for the noise and baseline drift removal. Non flat structuring elements of varying dimensions are employed with morphological filtering to achieve low distortion as well as good noise removal. Simulation outcomes illustrate noteworthy improvement in baseline drift yielding lower values of MSE and PRD; on the other hand high signal to noise ratios depicts suppression of impulse and Gaussian noises.
Nucleotide sequence of v-fps in the PRCII strain of avian sarcoma virus

PRCII is an avian retrovirus whose oncogene (v-fps) induces fibrosarcomas in birds. The viral gene v-fps arose by transduction of an undetermined portion of a cellular gene known as c-fps. PRCII is weakly oncogenic when compared with Fujinami sarcoma virus, another transforming virus containing v-fps. As a first step in the elucidation of the molecular basis for the decreased virulence of PRCII, we have determined the entire nucleotide sequence of v-fps in the PRCII genome. The v-fps domain in PRCII encodes a polypeptide with a molecular weight of ca. 60,500 fused to a portion of the polyprotein encoded by the viral structural gene gag. The hybrid gag-fps polyprotein of PRCII would have a molecular weight of ca. 98,100, in accord with results of previous studies of the protein encoded by the PRCII genome. The leftward junctions between fps and gag in Fujinami sarcoma virus and PRCII are located at the same position in fps, but at different positions in gag. A sequence of 1,020 nucleotides, bounded by direct repeats of 6 nucleotides, is present in v-fps of Fujinami sarcoma virus but absent from PRCII. Our data should permit further explorations of the relationship between structure and function in the transforming protein encoded by v-fps.
Exploring identity within the recovery process of people with serious mental illnesses.

OBJECTIVE To examine self-identity within the recovery processes of people with serious mental illnesses using a repertory grid methodology. METHOD Cross-sectional study involving 40 mental health service consumers. Participants rated different "self" and "other" elements on the repertory grid against constructs related to recovery, as well as other recovery focused measures. RESULTS Perceptions of one's "ideal self" represented more advanced recovery in contrast to perceptions of "a person mentally unwell. " Current perceptions of self were most similar to perceptions of "usual self" and least similar to "a person who is mentally unwell. " Increased identification with one's "ideal self" reflected increased hopefulness in terms of recovery. CONCLUSIONS The recovery repertory grid shows promise in clinical practice, in terms of exploring identity as a key variable within mental health recovery processes. Distance measures of similarity between various self-elements, including perceptions of others, maps logically against the recovery process of hope.
Microbial Community of High Arsenic Groundwater in Agricultural Irrigation Area of Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia

Microbial communities can play important role in arsenic release in groundwater aquifers. To investigate the microbial communities in high arsenic groundwater aquifers in agricultural irrigation area, 17 groundwater samples with different arsenic concentrations were collected along the agricultural drainage channels of Hangjinhouqi County, Inner Mongolia and examined by illumina MiSeq sequencing approach targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes. Both principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering results indicated that these samples were divided into two groups (high and low arsenic groups) according to the variation of geochemical characteristics. Arsenic concentrations showed strongly positive correlations with NH4+ and total organic carbon (TOC). Sequencing results revealed that a total of 329–2823 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were observed at the 97% OTU level. Microbial richness and diversity of high arsenic groundwater samples along the drainage channels were lower than those of low arsenic groundwater samples but higher than those of high arsenic groundwaters from strongly reducing areas. The microbial community structure in groundwater along the drainage channels was different from those in strongly reducing arsenic-rich aquifers of Hetao Plain and other high arsenic groundwater aquifers including Bangladesh, West Bengal, and Vietnam. Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas dominated with high percentages in both high and low arsenic groundwaters. Alishewanella, Psychrobacter, Methylotenera, and Crenothrix showed relatively high abundances in high arsenic groundwater, while Rheinheimera and the unidentified OP3 were predominant populations in low arsenic groundwater. Archaeal populations displayed a low occurrence and mainly dominated by methanogens such as Methanocorpusculum and Methanospirillum. Microbial community compositions were different between high and low arsenic groundwater samples based on the results of principal coordinate analysis and co-inertia analysis. Other geochemical variables including TOC, NH4+, oxidation-reduction potential, and Fe might also affect the microbial composition.
Effective and Robust Mining of Temporal Subspace Clusters

Mining temporal multivariate data by clustering is an important research topic. In today's complex data, interesting patterns are often neither bound to the whole dimensional nor temporal extent of the data domain. This challenge is met by temporal subspace clustering methods. Their effectiveness, however, is impeded by aspects unavoidable in real world data: Misalignments between time series, for example caused by out-of-sync sensors, and measurement errors. Under these conditions, existing temporal subspace clustering approaches miss the patterns contained in the data. In this paper, we propose a novel clustering method that mines temporal subspace clusters reflected by sets of objects and relevant intervals. We enable flexible handling of misaligned time series by adaptively shifting time series in the time domain, and we achieve robustness to measurement errors by allowing certain fractions of deviating values in each relevant point in time. We show the effectiveness of our method in experiments on real and synthetic data.
Intrusion detection and the role of the system administrator

Purpose – The expertise of a system administrator is believed to be important for effective use of intrusion detection systems (IDS). This paper examines two hypotheses concerning the system administrators' ability to filter alarms produced by an IDS by comparing the performance of an IDS to the performance of a system administrator using the IDS.Design/methodology/approach – An experiment was constructed where five computer networks are attacked during four days. The experiment assessed difference made between the output of a system administrator using an IDS and the output of the IDS alone. The administrator's analysis process was also investigated through interviews.Findings – The experiment shows that the system administrator analysing the output from the IDS significantly improves the portion of alarms corresponding to attacks, without decreasing the probability that an attack is detected significantly. In addition, an analysis is made of the types of expertise that is used when output from the IDS i.
EXTENSION OF A CRISP ONTOLOGY TO FUZZY ONTOLOGY

Ever since its inception, web has remained a huge repository for infor mat ion and with each passing day it is growing at a rapid pace. It has become increasingly important for the computer programs to handle the informat ion on web autonomously and intelligently and hence the vision of semantic web has emerged. Some domains ha ve an inherent vagueness and in order to explo it knowledge from these sources traditional structures are not self sufficient. In order to adapt uncertainty or ambiguity in domain knowledge, Linguistic variables in fuzzy logic should be included. This paper discusses the extension of a crisp ontology to fuzzy ontology.
Heterozygosity of p 21 WAF 1 / CIP 1 Enhances Tumor Cell Proliferation and Cyclin D 1-associated Kinase Activity in a Murine Mammary Cancer Model 1

The p21 cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor is a regulator of the G1-S cell cycle checkpoint. Despite the importance of p21 in cell cycle inhibition, its role as a tumor suppressor is uncertain. p21 mutations are infrequent in human tumors, and p21 null mice exhibit no increased tumor incidence. To ascertain whether p21 could influence tumor formation or progression in the context of other oncogenic stimuli, we crossed p21-deficient mice with mammary tumor susceptible Wnt-1 transgenic mice. The p211/1, p211/2, and p212/2 Wnt-1 transgenic female offspring were monitored for mammary tumor incidence and growth rates. p21 status had no effect on the age at which mammary tumors formed. However, p211/2 mammary tumors grew significantly faster than p211/1 and p212/2 mammary tumors. The increased growth rates were confirmed by mitotic index counts and by BrdUrd labelling assays, indicating that a significantly higher percentage of p211/2 tumor cells were in S phase and mitosis than their p211/1 and p212/2 counterparts. Moreover, cyclin D1associated phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein was significantly increased in p211/2 tumor lysates compared with p211/1 and p212/2 lysates. These results are consistent with data indicating that reduced levels of p21 can facilitate cyclin/cdk complex formation while enhancing cdk activity. Thus, a reduction of p21 dosage may promote tumor progression in the presence of other oncogenic initiators. The dependence of p21 on prior oncogenic stimuli for its tumor-promoting activities suggests that it may behave as a tumor modifier gene rather than as a tumor suppressor gene.
Swift Algorithms for Repeated Consensus

We introduce the notion of a swift algorithm. Informally, an algorithm that solves the repeated consensus is swift if, in a partial synchronous run of this algorithm, eventually no timeout expires, i.e., the algorithm execution proceeds with the actual speed of the system. This definition differs from other efficiency criteria for partial synchronous systems. Furthermore, we show that the notion of swiftness explains why failure detector based algorithms are typically more efficient than round-based algorithms, since the former are naturally swift while the latter are naturally non-swift. We show that this is not an inherent difference between the models, and provide a round implementation that is swift, therefore performing similarly to failure detector algorithms while maintaining the advantages of the round model.
Clinical practice guidelines for the management of metastatic colorectal cancer: a consensus statement of the Hellenic Society of Medical Oncologists (HeSMO)

There is discrepancy and failure to adhere to current international guidelines for the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) in hospitals in Greece and Cyprus. The aim of the present document is to provide a consensus on the multidisciplinary management of metastastic CRC, considering both special characteristics of our Healthcare System and international guidelines. Following discussion and online communication among the members of an executive team chosen by the Hellenic Society of Medical Oncology (HeSMO), a consensus for metastastic CRC disease was developed. Statements were subjected to the Delphi methodology on two voting rounds by invited multidisciplinary international experts on CRC. Statements reaching level of agreement by ≥80% were considered as having achieved large consensus, whereas statements reaching 60-80% moderate consensus. One hundred and nine statements were developed. Ninety experts voted for those statements. The median rate of abstain per statement was 18.5% (range: 0-54%). In the end of the process, all statements achieved a large consensus. The importance of centralization, care by a multidisciplinary team, adherence to guidelines, and personalization is emphasized. R0 resection is the only intervention that may offer substantial improvement in the oncological outcomes.
Prenatal Hemoglobin Levels and Early Cognitive and Motor Functions of One-Year-Old Children

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between prenatal hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and infant cognitive and motor functions. METHODS: Our prospective cohort study included 1-year-old children born to women enrolled at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit in Allada, Benin, before 29 weeks of pregnancy, within a trial comparing the efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and mefloquine. Hb concentrations of pregnant women were determined from venous blood samples collected at first and second ANC visits of at least 1-month interval and at delivery. Women were prescribed oral iron, folic acid, and anthelminthics after the first ANC visit. A total of 636 children (76.8% of eligible children) were assessed by trained research nurses for cognitive and motor functions by using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. RESULTS: Prevalence of anemia (Hb < 110 g/L) decreased from 67.0% at first ANC visit (mean gestational age [SD], 22.1 [4.0] weeks) to 38.4% at delivery. Mean (SD) Hb concentrations increased from 103.7 (12.3) at first ANC visit to 112.4 (14.1) at delivery. We observed a significant negative quadratic relationship between infant gross motor (GM) function and Hb concentration at first and second ANC visits. Thus, infant GM scores increased sharply with increasing maternal Hb concentration until 90 g/L where increasing GM was mild, and began to decline after 110 g/L. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be an Hb concentration range that may be optimal for GM function of 1-year-old children. This may reflect the importance of physiologic hemodilution, which occurs after the second trimester until 34 weeks of gestation.
Maximal lactate steady state estimated by different methods of anaerobic threshold

The aim of this study was to compare anaerobic threshold (AT) as determined by four different methods with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) in endurance runners. Nine moderately trained runners performed the following tests on different days: a maximal incremental exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), velocity at VO2max (vVO2max), and blood lactate response; and two to five 30-min constant load tests to determine MLSS. Based on the incremental test, four methods of AT determination were used: AT1 - velocity at 3.5 mmol.L-1 blood lactate; AT2 - velocity corresponding to the minimum lactate-velocity equivalentplus 1.5 mmol.L-1; AT3 - velocity at Dmax; and AT4 - velocity before the second consecutive blood lactate increase greater than 0.5 mmol.L-1. There were no significant differences between MLSS and AT as determined by four different methods. However, the Bland-Altman analysis showed the extent of disagreement between variables when the subjects were analyzed individually. MLSS was significantly correlated with AT1 (r=0.68; p=0.04) and AT2 (r=0.79; p=0.01). Thus, although no significant differences were found between AT methods and MLSS, one should be cautious about using these methods interchangeably.
A STUDY OF CONFLICT IN TOP MANAGEMENT DECISION MAKING: THE IMPACT OF CONTRIBUTION MOTIVE

Decisions made by top management teams and the setting of goals for the organization are of critical importance. It seems likely the process is one that could be subject to conflict. This paper looks at conflict’s impact on firm behavior and a new approach for understanding conflict. The paper examines a study done by Amason and Sapienza, which tests a model that looks at the effects of two types of conflict and how the moderating variables they propose can impact the quality of decision-making. The article proposes a model that identifies an additional construct that, when added to their model, more fully specifies the impact of conflict on decisionmaking.
Analysis of Primary Structural Determinants That Distinguish the Centromere-Specific Function of Histone Variant Cse4p from Histone H3

ABSTRACT Cse4p is a variant of histone H3 that has an essential role in chromosome segregation and centromere chromatin structure in budding yeast. Cse4p has a unique 135-amino-acid N terminus and a C-terminal histone-fold domain that is more than 60% identical to histone H3 and the mammalian centromere protein CENP-A. Cse4p and CENP-A have biochemical properties similar to H3 and probably replace H3 in centromere-specific nucleosomes in yeasts and mammals, respectively. In order to identify regions of Cse4p that distinguish it from H3 and confer centromere function, a systematic site-directed mutational analysis was performed. Nested deletions of the Cse4p N terminus showed that this region of the protein contains at least one essential domain. The C-terminal histone-fold domain of Cse4p was analyzed by changing Cse4p amino acids that differ between Cse4p and H3 to the analogous H3 residues. Extensive substitution of contiguous Cse4p residues with H3 counterparts resulted in cell lethality. However, all large lethal substitution alleles could be subdivided into smaller viable alleles, many of which caused elevated rates of mitotic chromosome loss. The results indicate that residues critical for wild-type Cse4p function and high-fidelity chromosome transmission are distributed across the entire histone-fold domain. Our findings are discussed in the context of the known structure of H3 within the nucleosome and compared with previous results reported for CENP-A.
Decision Support using Linked, Social, and Sensor Data

The explosion of social and sensor data available on the Web provides both challenges and opportunities for their exploitation in contemporary decision support systems. In this paper, we propose a framework for aggregating and linking heterogeneous data from various sources and transforming them to Linked Data. This allows reuse and integration of the produced data with other data resources enabling spatial business intelligence for various domain-specific applications. Our framework can be easily applied to aggregate and interlink data from various types of sources: legacy systems, citizen sensor data, sensor data, and open web data. This paper outlines a number of possible applications of the framework and discusses in detail an example use case where the proposed methodology facilitates identification of business opportunities in London City through analysis of various information facets including property pricing, population spending, sensor, and social data.
Critical subsystem failure mitigation in an indoor UAV testbed

An autonomous safety mechanism is presented, as implemented in an indoor flying vehicle research testbed. The safety mechanism relies on integration of onboard gyroscope measurements and thrust commands to estimate the vehicle state for short lengths of time. It is used in the case of loss of external control signal or loss of external measurement data, to reduce the likelihood of a vehicle crash, or at least reduce the severity of an unavoidable crash. As UAVs move into ever more mainstream applications with increased public interaction, such safety systems become more critical.
The Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1α/β (PGC-1) Coactivators Repress the Transcriptional Activity of NF-κB in Skeletal Muscle Cells*

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 (PGC) α and PGC-1β are metabolic coactivators that are dysregulated in muscle in many chronic diseases. Results: PGC-1α and PGC-1β differentially suppress expression of proinflammatory cytokines induced by various stimuli. Conclusion: In muscle cells, PGC-1α and PGC-1β modulate the NF-κB pathway thus profoundly affecting inflammatory processes. Significance: Targeting PGC-1α and PGC-1β in chronic diseases might reduce inflammation and thereby reverse disease progression. A persistent, low-grade inflammation accompanies many chronic diseases that are promoted by physical inactivity and improved by exercise. The beneficial effects of exercise are mediated in large part by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC) 1α, whereas its loss correlates with propagation of local and systemic inflammatory markers. We examined the influence of PGC-1α and the related PGC-1β on inflammatory cytokines upon stimulation of muscle cells with TNFα, Toll-like receptor agonists, and free fatty acids. PGC-1s differentially repressed expression of proinflammatory cytokines by targeting NF-κB signaling. Interestingly, PGC-1α and PGC-1β both reduced phoshorylation of the NF-κB family member p65 and thereby its transcriptional activation potential. Taken together, the data presented here show that the PGC-1 coactivators are able to constrain inflammatory events in muscle cells and provide a molecular link between metabolic and immune pathways. The PGC-1s therefore represent attractive targets to not only improve metabolic health in diseases like type 2 diabetes but also to limit the detrimental, low-grade inflammation in these patients.
Dense 3D Reconstruction with an Uncalibrated Stereo System using Coded Structured Light

In this paper, we describe a new uncalibrated active vision system. Normally, active vision systems need either precise calibrations or relatively fixed cameras and light sources, which require 3D measurement systems to make use of complicated measurement processes or measurement equipment. Recently, several uncalibrated active vision systems have been studied. Since calibrations of these systems are done either while or after shape data is obtained, the user can simply place the equipment arbitrarily and scan the objects. The proposed system is an uncalibrated active vision system which consists of a camera and a video projector. Geometrically, this is a camera-to-camera system with one camera replaced by a projector. Uncalibrated vision systems based on perspective projection devices are prone to unmeasured scaling parameters. To solve this problem, a laser pointer is attached to the projector. In the present work, coded structured light is used to obtain dense correspondence points, resulting in more detailed shape representations. Experiments using the implemented system show that it is able to reconstruct dense and precise 3D shapes.