Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of steering angle observers for the active control of two-wheeled vehicles

Recent research has led to the design of effective steering control strategies which employ, as controlled variables, the steering velocity and the yaw rate. The yaw rate can be measured by means of Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) gyroscopes; steering angle potentiometers, instead, are in general less cost effective and less robust. Thus, there is an interest in developing effective steering angle estimators. This paper proposes an ℋ221E; LTI observer and an LPV observer to estimate the steering angle via yaw rate and vehicle speed measurements, whose performances are compared both via simulation and experimental data.
Evaluation of viruses and their association with ocular lesions in pinnipeds in rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE To assess whether corneal lesions in stranded pinnipeds were associated with viral infections, and to identify the potential pathogen(s) associated with the lesions. ANIMALS STUDIED Twenty-nine California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), 18 northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), and 34 Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsii). PROCEDURE DNA and RNA were extracted from ocular swabs, corneal tissue, and aqueous humor and screened for herpesvirus, adenovirus, poxvirus, and calicivirus families by PCR. RESULTS The results indicated a high overall prevalence of viruses, with adenoviruses and herpesviruses detected in all three host species. Three novel adenoviruses (PhAdV-1, PhAdV-2, OtAdV-2) and two novel herpesviruses (PhHV-6, OtHV-4) were detected. There were no statistical differences in the prevalence of viral infection or coinfection among groups of individuals with or without corneal lesions, nor were lesion type, onset, or presence of concurrent disease significantly associated with a viral infection. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that viral presence in ocular tissues was common, not significantly associated with ocular disease and thus should not preclude release of an otherwise healthy animal. We could not confirm a correlation of virus presence with lesion due to the high percentage of virus-positive, clinically normal animals. This implied that seals and sea lions can have ocular tissues infected with several viruses without having readily evident associated lesions. This difficulty in correlating viral presence, particularly herpesviruses, with ocular lesions was also a common finding in studies with terrestrial species and highlighted the difficulty of confirming a virus as a primary pathogen in ocular lesions.
Genetic and epigenetic loss of microRNA-31 leads to feed-forward expression of EZH2 in melanoma

MicroRNAs (miRs) play a key role in cancer etiology by coordinately repressing numerous target genes involved in cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The genomic region in chromosome 9p21 that encompasses miR-31 is frequently deleted in solid cancers including melanoma; however the expression and functional role of miR-31 has not been previously studied in melanoma. Here, we queried the expression status and performed functional characterization of miR-31 in melanoma tissues and cell lines. We found that down-regulation of miR-31 was a common event in melanoma tumors and cell lines and was associated with genomic loss in a subset of samples. Down-regulation of miR-31 gene expression was also a result of epigenetic silencing by DNA methylation, and via EZH2-mediated histone methylation. Ectopic overexpression of miR-31 in various melanoma cell lines inhibited cell migration and invasion. miR-31 targets include oncogenic kinases such as SRC, MET, NIK (MAP3K14) and the melanoma specific oncogene RAB27a. Furthermore, miR-31 overexpression resulted in down-regulation of EZH2 and a de-repression of its target gene rap1GAP; increased expression of EZH2 was associated with melanoma progression and overall patient survival. Taken together, our study supports a tumor suppressor role for miR-31 in melanoma and identifies novel therapeutic targets.
The dual of Janus -:- an interface CFT

We propose and study a speciﬁc gauge theory dual of the smooth, non-supersymmetric (and apparently stable) Janus solution of Type IIB supergravity found in hep-th/0304129. The dual ﬁeld theory is N = 4 SYM theory on two half-spaces separated by a planar interface with diﬀerent coupling constants in each half-space. We assume that the position dependent coupling multiplies the operator L ′ which is the fourth descendent of the primary Tr X { I X J } and closely related to the N = 4 Lagrangian density. At the classical level supersymmetry is broken explicitly, but SO (3 , 2) conformal symmetry is preserved. We use conformal perturbation theory to study various correlation functions to ﬁrst and second order in the discontinuity of g 2 Y M , conﬁrming quantum level conformal symmetry. Certain quantities such as the vacuum expectation value hL ′ i are protected to all orders in g 2 Y M N , and we ﬁnd perfect agreement between the weak coupling value in the gauge theory and the strong coupling gravity result. SO (3 , 2) symmetry requires vanishing vacuum energy, h T µν i = 0, and this is conﬁrmed in ﬁrst
Designing Trusted Embedded Systems from Finite State Machines

Sequential components are crucial for a real-time embedded system as they control the system based on the system's current state and real life input. In this article, we explore the security and trust issues of sequential system design from the perspective of a finite state machine (FSM), which is the most popular model used to describe sequential systems. Specifically, we find that the traditional FSM synthesis procedure will introduce security risks and cannot guarantee trustworthiness in the implemented circuits. Indeed, we show that not only do there exist simple and effective ways to attack a sequential system, it is also possible to insert a hardware Trojan Horse into the design without introducing any significant design overhead. We then formally define the notion of trust in FSM and propose a novel approach to designing trusted circuits from the FSM specification. We demonstrate both our findings on the security threats and the effectiveness of our proposed method on Microelectronics Center of North Carolina (MCNC) sequential circuit benchmarks.
FGF10 promotes regional foetal cardiomyocyte proliferation and adult cardiomyocyte cell-cycle re-entry.

AIMS Cardiomyocyte proliferation gradually declines during embryogenesis resulting in severely limited regenerative capacities in the adult heart. Understanding the developmental processes controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation may thus identify new therapeutic targets to modulate the cell-cycle activity of cardiomyocytes in the adult heart. This study aims to determine the mechanism by which fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) controls foetal cardiomyocyte proliferation and to test the hypothesis that FGF10 promotes the proliferative capacity of adult cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of Fgf10(-/-) hearts and primary cardiomyocyte cultures reveals that altered ventricular morphology is associated with impaired proliferation of right but not left-ventricular myocytes. Decreased FOXO3 phosphorylation associated with up-regulated p27(kip) (1) levels was observed specifically in the right ventricle of Fgf10(-/-) hearts. In addition, cell-type-specific expression analysis revealed that Fgf10 and its receptor, Fgfr2b, are expressed in cardiomyocytes and not cardiac fibroblasts, consistent with a cell-type autonomous role of FGF10 in regulating regional specific myocyte proliferation in the foetal heart. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vivo overexpression of Fgf10 in adult mice promotes cardiomyocyte but not cardiac fibroblast cell-cycle re-entry. CONCLUSION FGF10 regulates regional cardiomyocyte proliferation in the foetal heart through a FOXO3/p27(kip1) pathway. In addition, FGF10 triggers cell-cycle re-entry of adult cardiomyocytes and is thus a potential target for cardiac repair.
Mediator Role of Attitude toward Site in the Effect of Risk Perception and Benefit Perception on Net Benefit

In online shopping customers have risk perception and benefit perception. These perceptions affect their attitudes towards the online shops. In this paper, interconnected relationship among product risk, financial risk, shopping flexibility, product selection, attitude toward site and net benefit have been suggested. In order to test hypotheses, structural equation modelling method has been used. By studying on a sample consists of 407 people who purchase goods or services from e-commerce web sites, it is found that attitude toward site plays mediator role in the effect of risk perception and benefit perception on net benefit.
Entity linking with a unified semantic representation

Entity Linking (EL) consists in linking mentions in a document to their referent entities in a Knowledge Base. Current approaches fall into two main categories: local approaches, in which mentions are linked independently of each other, and global approaches, in which all mentions are linked collectively. Local approaches often ignore the semantic relatedness of entities, and while global approaches incorporate the semantic relatedness, they tend to focus only on directly connected entities, ignoring indirect connections which might be useful. We present a global EL approach that unifies the representation of the semantics of entities and documents--the probability distribution of entities being visited during a random walk on an entity graph--that accounts for direct and indirect connections. An experimental evaluation shows that our method outperforms five state-of-the-art EL systems and two very strong baselines.
A Longitudinal Study on e-Auction Adoption

There are 2,565 auction Web sites on online-auction list reports. Therefore, to understand consumers intention in using online auction and royalty is a critical issue. Yet, few studies have made on users intention to use online auction. Even though extensive researches focus on online shopping intention, however, we can not consider they both are same on use intention. Because online auction is involve three different counterparts: bidder, auctioneer, and online auction Web site, including dynamic bidding price. This paper is a step forward in using qualitative method trying to understand the in C2C online auction behavior. Specifically, the purpose of this study is using longitudinal approach in data collection in order to explore possible theoretical constructs to explain users schema change. The data collection involved three rounds and every round takes 5 weeks. Our findings highlight the importance of transaction cost economics perspective, trust, perceived risk, and information asymmetric after on-line auction usage. Implications of the results are discussed.
The Weyl Representation on the Torus

Abstract We construct reflection and translation operators on the Hilbert space corresponding to the torus by projecting them from the plane. These operators are shown to have the same group properties as their analogues on the plane. Decomposition of operators on the basis of reflections corresponds to the Weyl or center representation, conjugate to the chord representation, which is based on quantized translations. Thus, the symbol of any operator on the torus is derived as the projection of the symbol on the plane. The group properties allow us to derive the product law for an arbitrary number of operators in a simple form. The analogy of the center and the chord representations on the torus to those on the plane is then exploited to treat Hamiltonian systems defined on the torus and to formulate a path integral representation of the evolution operator. We derive its semiclassical approximation.
PopStar I: evolutionary synthesis model description

We present new evolutionary synthesis models for simple stellar populations for a wide range of ages and metallicities. The models are based on the Padova isochrones. The core of the spectral library is provided by the medium resolution Lejeune et al. atmosphere models. These spectra are complemented by Non Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE) atmosphere models for hot stars that have an important impact on the stellar cluster's ionizing spectra: O, B and WR stellar spectra at the early ages, and spectra of post asymptotic giant branch stars and planetary nebulae, at intermediate and old ages. At young ages, our models compare well with other existing models, but we find that the inclusion of the nebular continuum, not considered in several other models, significantly reddens the integrated colours of very young stellar populations. This is consistent with the results of spectral synthesis codes particularly devised for the study of starburst galaxies. At intermediate and old ages, the agreement with the literature model is good and, in particular, we reproduce the observed colours of star clusters in Large Magellanic Cloud well. Given the ability to produce good integrated spectra from the far-ultraviolet to the infrared at any age, we consider that our models are particularly suited for the study of high-redshift galaxies. These models are available on the web site http://www.fractal-es.com/SEDmod.htm and also through the Virtual Observatory Tools on the PopStar server.
Energy-efficient cooperative MIMO routing in wireless sensor networks

Due to limited batteries of senor node in wireless sensor networks, it is essential to minimize the energy consumption so that the lifetime of WSNs can be prolonged. In this paper, we propose a cooperative multi-input multi-output (CMIMO) scheme by introducing variable cluster size. In general, if the same cluster size is applied in each cluster, the cluster head with lower residual energy runs up more quickly than those with more residual energy. This may result in reclustering in which process new cluster head has to be re-selected. Lots of energy is consumed in this process. In order to avoid energy waste in reclustering, we consider the trade off between residual energy of cluster head and cluster size in cluster construction. We compute the maximized cluster size on the basis of residual energy of cluster head. The cluster with more residual energy has bigger cluster size and the cluster with less residual energy has smaller cluster size. This can balance the energy consumption in each cluster. We analyze the mathematical model for the proposed scheme. It is shown that the proposed scheme is more energy efficient than existing schemes. In our energy model, we present how to determine the cluster size and justify our method by simulations.
Light Harvesting for Organic Photovoltaics

The field of organic photovoltaics has developed rapidly over the last 2 decades, and small solar cells with power conversion efficiencies of 13% have been demonstrated. Light absorbed in the organic layers forms tightly bound excitons that are split into free electrons and holes using heterojunctions of electron donor and acceptor materials, which are then extracted at electrodes to give useful electrical power. This review gives a concise description of the fundamental processes in photovoltaic devices, with the main emphasis on the characterization of energy transfer and its role in dictating device architecture, including multilayer planar heterojunctions, and on the factors that impact free carrier generation from dissociated excitons. We briefly discuss harvesting of triplet excitons, which now attracts substantial interest when used in conjunction with singlet fission. Finally, we introduce the techniques used by researchers for characterization and engineering of bulk heterojunctions to realize large photocurrents, and examine the formed morphology in three prototypical blends.
Word clustering for parallelism in Classical Chinese poems

This paper explores the use of statistical methods to describe the phenomenon of parallelism in Classical Chinese poems. We apply a graph-based clustering method to automatically induce word clusters from a corpus of poems. We describe several methods for computing similarity scores. We compare these methods by evaluating the quality of the induced clusters, with respect to a semantic taxonomy for parallelism proposed by a literary scholar.
Dealing with Bilingual Divergences in MT using Target Language N-gram Models

In this paper we present a prototype translation system that uses only a sourcelanguage (SL) tagger, a bilingual dictionary and a lemmatised target-language (TL) corpus. In our approach, the TL corpus is innovatively exploited both for lexical selection (selecting among the different translations proposed by the dictionary) and for structure building of the output. To that end a series of n-gram model over lemmas and POS tags are built from the TL corpus, which are then searched at run-time. The system presented here uses Spanish as SL and English as TL but the architecture is language independent and translatable to languages with very little NLP development.
Comparative use of biomedical services and traditional healing options by American Indian veterans.

OBJECTIVE This study described service use among American Indian veterans, compared use patterns across biomedical care and traditional healing options, and tested whether utilization varied as a function of need or availability. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 621 male combat veterans selected from tribal rolls was conducted between 1992 and 1995 in American Indian reservation communities in the Southwest and in the Northern Plains. Measures included assessments of demographic characteristics, physical and mental health conditions, and self-reports of any use during the past year of Veterans Administration (VA), Indian Health Service (IHS), and other biomedical services as well as participation in traditional ceremonies and use of indigenous healing options. RESULTS Tribal groups were similar in sociodemographic characteristics and in number of health problems and mental and substance use problems during the past year. The same types of services from IHS were available to the two groups, and the geographic distance to these services was similar. VA facilities were more readily available in the Northern Plains than in the Southwest, where they were far from reservation boundaries. Use of IHS services was similar for the two tribal groups, but use of VA services was significantly less in the Southwest. Overall, biomedical services were used more in the Northern Plains, reflecting greater use of VA facilities. However, these differences in overall health service disappeared when traditional healing options were considered. Use of traditional healing was greater in the Southwest, offsetting lower biomedical service use. CONCLUSIONS When the full array of options is examined, service use functions according to need for health care, but the kind of services used varies according to availability.
Distinguishing the Central Drive to Tremor in Parkinson's Disease and Essential Tremor

Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) are the two most common movement disorders. Both have been associated with similar patterns of network activation leading to the suggestion that they may result from similar network dysfunction, specifically involving the cerebellum. Here, we demonstrate that parkinsonian tremors and ETs result from distinct patterns of interactions between neural oscillators. These patterns are reflected in the tremors' derived frequency tolerance, a novel measure readily attainable from bedside accelerometry. Frequency tolerance characterizes the temporal evolution of tremor by quantifying the range of frequencies over which the tremor may be considered stable. We found that patients with PD (N = 24) and ET (N = 21) were separable based on their frequency tolerance, with PD associated with a broad range of stable frequencies whereas ET displayed characteristics consistent with a more finely tuned oscillatory drive. Furthermore, tremor was selectively entrained by transcranial alternating current stimulation applied over cerebellum. Narrow frequency tolerances predicted stronger entrainment of tremor by stimulation, providing good evidence that the cerebellum plays an important role in pacing those tremors. The different patterns of frequency tolerance could be captured with a simple model based on a broadly coupled set of neural oscillators for PD, but a more finely tuned set of oscillators in ET. Together, these results reveal a potential organizational principle of the human motor system, whose disruption in PD and ET dictates how patients respond to empirical, and potentially therapeutic, interventions that interact with their underlying pathophysiology.
DIFFUSION LIMITS FOR THE INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM OF THE GOLDSTEIN-TAYLOR MODEL

Sommario. In the paper is studied, in the diffusive scaling, the limiti ng behaviour of the Goldstein-Taylor model in a box, for a large class of initial and boundary conditions. It is shown that, in the limit, the evolution of the mas s density is governed by the heat equation, with initial conditions depending onl y on the initial data of the hyperbolic system, and conditions on the boundary depen ding only on the ones of the kinetic model.
Dcas Supports Cell Polarization and Cell-Cell Adhesion Complexes in Development

Mammalian Cas proteins regulate cell migration, division and survival, and are often deregulated in cancer. However, the presence of four paralogous Cas family members in mammals (BCAR1/p130Cas, EFS/Sin1, NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L, and CASS4/HEPL) has limited their analysis in development. We deleted the single Drosophila Cas gene, Dcas, to probe the developmental function of Dcas. Loss of Dcas had limited effect on embryonal development. However, we found that Dcas is an important modulator of the severity of the developmental phenotypes of mutations affecting integrins (If and mew) and their downstream effectors Fak56D or Src42A. Strikingly, embryonic lethal Fak56D-Dcas double mutant embryos had extensive cell polarity defects, including mislocalization and reduced expression of E-cadherin. Further genetic analysis established that loss of Dcas modified the embryonal lethal phenotypes of embryos with mutations in E-cadherin (Shg) or its signaling partners p120- and β-catenin (Arm). These results support an important role for Cas proteins in cell-cell adhesion signaling in development.
Optimization of association rule mining queries

Levelwise algorithms (e.g., the APRIORI algorithm) have been proved effective for association rule mining from sparse data. However, in many practical applications, the computation turns to be intractable for the user-given frequency threshold and the lack of focus leads to huge collections of frequent itemsets. To tackle these problems, two promising issues have been investigated during the last four years: the efficient use of user defined constraints and the computation of condensed representations for frequent itemsets, e.g., the frequent closed sets. We show that the benefits of these two approaches can be combined into a levelwise algorithm. It can be used for the discovery of association rules in difficult cases (dense and highly-correlated data). For instance, we report an experimental validation related to the discovery of association rules with negations.