Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexible and Modular MPI Simulation Framework and Its Use in Modeling a  $\boldsymbol {\mu }$ MPI

The availability of thorough system simulations for detailed and accurate performance prediction and optimization of existing and future designs for a new modality, such as magnetic particle imaging (MPI) are very important. Our framework aims to simulate a complete MPI system by providing a description of all (drive and receive) coils, permanent magnet configurations, magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) distributions, and characteristics of the signal processing chain. The simulation is performed on a user defined spatial and temporal discrete grid. The magnetization of the MNP is modeled by either the Langevin theory or as ideal particles with infinite steepness and ideal saturation. The magnetic fields are approximated in first order by calculating the Biot-Savart integral. In addition, the coupling constants between the excitation coils (e.g., drive field coils) and the receive coils can be determined. All coils can be described by an XML description language based on primitive geometric shapes. First simulations of a modeled μMPI system are shown. In this regard, μMPI refers to a small 1-D system for samples of a size of a few tens of a cubic millimeter and a spatial resolution of about 200 μm.
THE EFFECT OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON FIXED ASSETS REVALUATION WITH TAX INCENTIVES AS MODERATING VARIABLES

This study aims to determine the effect of ownership structure on fixed assets revaluation with tax incentives as a moderate variable. The ownership structure is indicated by firm size, fixed assets intensity, price ratio to book value and leverage. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the annual report of companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) which amounted to 198 manufacturing companies in 2014 and 2015. This research uses sampling method that is purposive sampling with logistic analysis model. The results of this study indicate that firm size, fixed asset intensity, and leverage have no effect on fixed assets revaluation, while price ratio to book value negatively affects fixed asset revaluation. In addition, tax incentives are not a moderate variable.
A New Outlier Identification Test for Method Comparison Studies Based on Robust Regression

The identification of outliers in method comparison studies (MCS) is an important part of data analysis, as outliers can indicate serious errors in the measurement process. Common outlier tests proposed in the literature usually require a homogeneous sample distribution and homoscedastic random error variances. However, datasets in MCS usually do not meet these assumptions. In this work, a new outlier test based on robust linear regression is proposed to overcome these special problems. The LORELIA (local reliability) residual test is based on a local, robust residual variance estimator, given as a weighted sum of the observed residuals. The new test is compared to a standard test proposed in the literature by a Monte Carlo simulation. Its performance is illustrated in examples.
Optimization of an induction strategy for improving interferon‐α2b production in the periplasm of Escherichia coli using response surface methodology

Induction strategies for the periplasmic production of recombinant human IFN‐α2b (interferon‐α2b) by recombinant Escherichia coli Rosetta‐gami 2(DE3) were optimized in shake‐flask cultures using response surface methodology based on the central composite design. The factors included in the present study were induction point, which related to the attenuance of the cell culture, IPTG (isopropyl β‐D‐thiogalactoside) concentration and induction temperature. Second‐order polynomial models were used to correlate the abovementioned factors to soluble periplasmic IFN‐α2b formation and percentage of soluble IFN‐α2b translocated to the periplasmic space of E. coli. The models were found to be significant and subsequently validated. The proposed induction strategies consisted of induction at an attenuance of 4 (measured as D600), IPTG concentration of 0.05 mM and temperature of 25 °C. The optimized induction strategy reduced inclusion‐body formation as evidenced by electron microscopy and yielded 323.8 ng/ml of IFN‐α2b in the periplasmic space with translocation of 74% of the total soluble product. In comparison with the non‐optimized condition, soluble periplasmic production and the percentage of soluble IFN‐α2b translocated to the periplasmic space obtained in optimized induction strategies were increased by approx. 20‐fold and 1.4‐fold respectively.
Efficient Pedestrian Detection Using Multi-Scale HOG Features with Low Computational Complexity

In this paper, an efficient method to reduce computational complexity for pedestrian detection is presented. Since trilinear interpolation is not used, the amount of required operations for histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) feature calculation is significantly reduced. By calculating multi-scale HOG features with integral HOG in a two-stage approach, both high detection rate and speed are achieved in the proposed method. key words: pedestrian detection, interpolation, multi-scale HOG, integral HOG, two-stage approach
Increasing the signal to noise ratio in MR spectroscopic imaging by coil combination at 7T

Das Ziel dieser Diplomarbeit war es das Signal zu Rausch Verhaltnis (SNR) in der Magnetresonanz-Spektroskopiebildgebung (MRSI) bei 7 T durch die Benutzung von Mehrkanalspulen (AC) zu erhohen. Mithilfe dieser Spulen kann das SNR stark verbessert werden, indem die einzelnen Kanale der Spule aufsummiert werden. Es zeigt sich allerdings, dass diese Kanalkombination im Falle von spektroskopischen Daten problematisch ist, da das einfache Aufsummieren zu einer Signalausloschung aufgrund von Phasendifferenzen der einzelnen Kanale fuhrt. Die Spektren der einzelnen Kanale mussen daher vorher phasiert werden. Die gangige Methode um dies zu Erreichen benutzt den ersten Datenpunkt der FIDs, was bei guter Wasserunterdruckung aber zu unzuverlassigen Ergebnissen fuhren kann. Daher wurde die Phase mithilfe von schnellen Gradientenecho Bildgebungssequenzen (GRE) bestimmt. Mit deren Hilfe wurde jedes Voxel und jeder Kanal der MRSI Daten phasiert und gewichtet. Dies fuhrt zu einer geringeren Signalausloschung im Vergleich zur gangigen Methode. Die Realisierbarkeit der neuen Methode wurde durch das Messen der Gehirne von 7 gesunden Probanden und 3 Phantommessungen gezeigt. Dafur wurde im ersten Schritt nachgewiesen, dass das Phasieren von MRSI-Daten mithilfe von GRE-Daten grundsatzlich moglich ist. Im nachfolgenden zweiten Schritt wurde ein Algorithmus programmiert, mit dessen Hilfe spektroskopische Daten von AC-Kanalen mit oben genannter neuen Methode kombiniert werden konnen. Daraufhin wurde der SNR-Gewinn durch diese Methode im Vergleich zu einer Volumsspule mit den Messdaten ermittelt. Im letzten Schritt wurde gezeigt, dass diese neu entwickelte Methode zur Kanalkombination zu besseren Ergebnissen in Bezug auf SNR und Reproduzierbarkeit fuhrt als die gangige Methode, insbesondere nahe der Oberflache des Gehirns.
The effect of strong equalization in high-speed VCSEL-based optical communications up to 48 Gbit/s

In this paper the design of a VCSEL driver with strong equalization is presented. Unlike other published works the pre-emphasis provided from the proposed driver and the output voltage swing are independently tunable up to the saturation of the output stage (~700 mVpp in 50 Ω load environment). The driver is designed in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. Thanks to the various bandwidth extension techniques, the electrical data-rate at which the driver can operate is higher than 50 Gbit/s. A wide open optical eye diagram is measured at 48 Gbit/s with a 20 GHz VCSEL. The driver and the VCSEL consume only 188 mW from a dual voltage supply of 2.5 and 3.4 V. To the best of the authors knowledge 3.9 mW/(Gbit/s) is the highest reported energy-efficiency for a common-cathode VCSEL driver with data-rate higher than 40 Gbit/s. Moreover an open eye at 48 Gbit/s is the fastest reported for a common cathode VCSEL driver without pre-emphasis in the receiver.
The Integrated Management System (IMS) and Ergonomics: An Exploratory Research of Qualitative Perception in the Application of NR-17

The integrated management system (ims) has been guiding business management utilizing the requirements of ISO 9001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001, and SA 8000 in an integrated way instead local decision. Ergonomic sciences are presented as a tool to improve the occupational health and safety of workers. In Brazil regulatory standards apply, in the case of ergonomics to NR-17. This study aims to present the qualitative and exploratory survey research as to the workers knowledge. Regarding normative system and their agreement or disagreement with the ergonomic requirements described in the NR-17. The research was carried out with a group of professionally active technical students. The results shown that 54% of respondents are not aware of IMS norms or their companies do not have a certified management system, and 60% say their seats still have some type of ergonomy problems.
Integrated arrayed waveguide grating spectrometer for measuring Raman spectra

Raman spectroscopy is an important non-invasive tool for medical diagnostic applications [1]. It may benefit immensely from optical integration onto a chip [2]. Our challenge is to realize compact integrated optical devices for in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy of the skin, to determine its natural moisturizing factor (NMF) which is an important parameter in skin typing for the cosmetic industry [1].
Distinct protein and mRNA kinetics of skeletal muscle proton transporters following exercise can influence interpretation of adaptations to training

What is the central question of this study? Following a training intervention, how is the interpretation of adaptations in skeletal muscle H+ transporters influenced by biopsy timing in the context of individual protein and mRNA kinetics after the final exercise bout? What is the main finding and its importance? We show that distinct postexercise protein and mRNA kinetics for monocarboxylate transporter 1/4 and sodium–hydrogen exchanger 1 indicate that timing of a single end‐point biopsy after a training intervention can influence the inferences made. Furthermore, we found the intrasubject, intersample variability of the muscle buffer capacity titration assay to be greater than the typical training effect.
A finite mixture method for outlier detection and robustness in meta‐analysis

When performing a meta‐analysis unexplained variation above that predicted by within study variation is usually modeled by a random effect. However, in some cases, this is not sufficient to explain all the variation because of outlier or unusual studies. A previously described method is to define an outlier as a study requiring a higher random effects variance and testing each study sequentially. An extension is described where the studies are considered to be a finite mixture of outliers and non‐outliers, allowing any number of outlier studies and the use of standard mixture model techniques. The bootstrap likelihood ratio test is used to determine if there are any outliers present by comparing models with and without outliers, and the outlier studies are identified using posterior predicted probabilities. The estimation of the overall treatment effect is then determined including all observations but with the outliers down‐weighted. This has the advantage that studies that are marginal outliers are still included in the meta‐analysis but with an appropriate weighting. The method is applied to examples from meta‐analysis and meta‐regression. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Swarm Inspired Method for Efficient Data Transfer

SUMMARY In this paper we report on an approach inspired by Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to provide a fault tolerant and e ﬃ cient means of transferring data in dynamic environments. We investigate the problem of distributing data between a client and server by using pheromone equations. Ants choose the best source of food by selecting the strongest pheromone trail leaving the nest. The pheromone decays over-time and needs to be continually reinforced to deﬁne the optimum route in a dynamic environment. This resembles the dynamic environment for the distribution of data between clients and servers. Our approach uses readily available network and server information to construct a pheromone that determines the best server from which to download data. We demonstrate that the approach is self-optimizing and capable of adapting to dynamic changes in the environment. key words
Diverse and styled image captioning using singular value decomposition‐based mixture of recurrent experts

With significant advances in vision and natural language processing, the generation of image captions becomes a need. Mathews, Xie, and He extended a new model to generate styled captions by separating semantics and style. In continuation of their work, here, a new captioning model is developed, including an image encoder to extract the features, a mixture of recurrent networks to embed the set of extracted features to a group of words, and a sentence generator that combines the obtained words as a stylized sentence. This Mixture of Recurrent Experts (MoRE) system uses a new training algorithm that derives singular value decomposition from weighting matrices of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to increase the diversity of captions. Each decomposition step depends on a distinctive factor based on the number of RNNs in MoRE. The used sentence generator gives a stylized language corpus without paired images. Besides, the styled and diverse captions are extracted without training on a densely labeled or styled dataset. MoRE on the COCO dataset generated diverse and stylized image captions without the necessity of extra‐labeling and improved descriptions in terms of content accuracy.
Spatiotemporal Flexible Sparse Reconstruction for Rapid Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a tissue perfusion imaging technique. Some versatile free-breathing DCE-MRI techniques combining compressed sensing (CS) and parallel imaging with golden-angle radial sampling have been developed to improve motion robustness with high spatial and temporal resolution. These methods have demonstrated good diagnostic performance in clinical setting, but the reconstruction quality will degrade at high acceleration rates and overall reconstruction time remains long. In this paper, we proposed a new parallel CS reconstruction model for DCE-MRI that enforces flexible weighted sparse constraint along both spatial and temporal dimensions. Weights were introduced to flexibly adjust the importance of time and space sparsity, and we derived a fast-thresholding algorithm which was proven to be simple and efficient for solving the proposed reconstruction model. Results on both the brain tumor DCE and liver DCE show that, at relatively high acceleration factor of fast sampling, lowest reconstruction error and highest image structural similarity are obtained by the proposed method. Besides, the proposed method achieves faster reconstruction for liver datasets and better physiological measures are also obtained on tumor images.
Modeling and testing a critical fault-tolerant multi-process system

The paper discusses modeling and fault insertion testing of the Boeing 777 "fly-by-wire" Primary Flight Computer (PFC) system. The 777 PFC was modeled to perform a behavior analysis. The simulation model includes all systems communicating with the Primary Flight Computers (PFC). The simulation environment allows errors to be injected into the communication portion of the model and into selected PFC internal variables. The model is used to test the system response to errors in the PFC input data and to PFC internal errors. The behavior analysis tests have been chosen to stress the fault tolerant design and to investigate PFC anomalies encountered during either laboratory tests or during flight test. The effects of both input and PFC internal errors were studied and the effects of asynchronous communication were examined. The paper is composed of the following: 1. Introduction which briefly describes both the airplane "fly-by-wire" features and the simulation. 2. PFC description which gives more details about the PFC. 3. Failure model. 4. Simulation description which describes the simulation environment and facilities. 5. Fault-tolerant testing which gives some examples. 6. Summary. <<ETX>>
Can Community-Based Health Insurance Nudge Preventive Health Behaviours? Evidence from Rural Uganda

Community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes have emerged as strong pathways to universal health coverage in developing countries. Their examination has largely focussed on their impacts on financial protection and on the utilisation of curative health services. However, very little is known about their possible effect on utilisation of preventive health services and strategies and yet developing countries continue to carry a burden of easily preventable illnesses. To understand if this effect exists, we carry out a cross-sectional survey in communities served by a large CBHI scheme in rural south-western Uganda. We then apply inverse probability weighting of the propensity score to analyse quasiexperimental associations. We find that the probabilities for using long-lasting mosquito nets, vitamin A and iron supplementation and child deworming were significantly increased with participation in CBHI. We postulate that this effect is partly due to information diffusion and social learning within CBHI-participating burial groups. This work gives insight into the broader effects of CBHI in developing countries, beyond financial protection and utilisation of hospital-based services.
Multi-defect Dynamics in Active Nematics

Recent experiments and numerical studies have drawn attention to the dynamics of active nematics. Two-dimensional active nematics flow spontaneously and exhibit spatiotemporal chaotic flows with proliferation of topological defects in the nematic texture. It has been proposed that the dynamics of active nematics can be understood in terms of the dynamics of interacting defects, propelled by active stress. Previous work has derived effective equations of motion for individual defects as quasi-particles moving in the mean field generated by other defects, but an effective theory governing multi-defect dynamics has remained out of reach. In this paper, we examine the dynamics of 2D active nematics in the limit of strong order and overdamped compressible flow. The activity-induced defect dynamics is formulated as a perturbation of the manifold of quasi-static nematic textures explicitly parameterized by defect positions. This makes it possible to derive a set of coupled ordinary differential equations governing defect (and therefore texture) dynamics. Interestingly, because of the non-orthogonality of textures associated with individual defects, their motion is coupled through a position dependent ``collective mobility" matrix. In addition to the familiar active self-propulsion of the $+1/2$ defect, we obtain new collective effects of activity that can be interpreted in terms of non-central and non-reciprocal interactions between defects.
The Effect of Audit Committees on the Performance of County Governments in Kenya

Purpose - The chief objective of this management research study was to determine the effect of county audit committees on the performance of county governments in Kenya. Methodology - This management research paper was based on a conceptual framework that elaborates this relationship theoretically based on the exploratory empirical studies. This management research paper uses three theories as the anchoring theories based on the research variables of county audit committees and performance. Thus, this research paper built an all-inclusive structure that answers the research question of whether county audit committees had an effect on the county government performance in Kenya. The study uses a purposive judgement sampling model. The target population was all 47 county governments in Kenya and the county audit committees was the preferred unit of analysis. Hypotheses were tested using regression analysis and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation analysis. Descriptive statistics were computed for the study objectives on the main characteristics of the study variables. Findings - The findings revealed that there was a strong relationship between county audit committees and county government performance. Implications - The findings of this study give managers and policy makers in the county government an in-depth understanding of the best practices in the management of public sector establishments by the use of county audit committees to promote their performance. Value - This study significantly contributes to the understanding and use of theories and practice of the correlation between county audit committees and performance of organizations. The key terms are; audit committees, county and performance.
Exposing charities to design-led approaches through design research

This paper discusses the value of using design research to expose Voluntary Community Sector (VCS) organisations to design-led approaches. The discussion is based on the findings from two qualitative, exploratory doctoral inquiries into the relevance and applicability of adopting a Design for Service (DfS) approach to effect transformation in VCS contexts. Using Action Research and a case study structure, the DfS approach was introduced and applied within four VCS organisations in succession. The research findings have provided valuable evidence and insight into design’s capacity to incite transformational change, and the challenges of doing so, at a critical time for the sector.
A Logic-Reasoning Approach to Network Security Analysis

Work in network security has focused on the fact that combinations of exploits are the typical means by which an attacker breaks into a network. Researchers have proposed a variety of graph-based analysis approach, and there is often a lack of logical formalism. This paper describes a new approach to represent and analyze network vulnerability. We propose logical exploitation graph, which directly illustrate logical dependencies among exploitation goals and network configure. Our logical exploitation graph generation tool builds upon LEG-NSA, a network security analyzer based on Prolog logical programming.