Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two Elementary Instructions Make Compare-and-Swap

The consensus number of an object is the maximum number of processes among which binary consensus can be solved using any number of instances of the object and read-write registers. Herlihy [1] showed in his seminal work that if an object has a consensus number of n, then its instances can be used to implement any non-trivial object or data structure that is shared among n processes, so that the implementation is wait-free and linearizable. Thus, an object such as compare-and-set with an infinite consensus number is "advanced" because its instances can be used to implement any non-trivial concurrent object shared among any number of processes. On the other hand, objects such as fetch-and-add or fetch-and-multiply have a consensus number of two and are "elementary". An important consequence of Herlihy's result was that any number of reasonable elementary objects are provably insufficient to implement an advanced object like compare-and-set. However, Ellen et al. [2] observed recently that real multiprocessors do not compute using objects but using instructions that are applied on memory locations. Using this observation, they show that it is possible to use a couple of elementary instructions on the same memory location to implement an advanced one, and consequently any non-trivial object or data structure. However, the above result is only a possibility and uses a generic universal construction as a black-box, which is not how we implement objects in practice, as the generic construction is quite inefficient with respect to the number of steps taken by a process and the number of shared objects used in the worst case. Instead, the efficient implementations are built upon the widely supported compare-and-set instruction and one cannot conclude from the previous result whether the elementary instructions can also produce equally efficient implementations like compare-and-set does or they are fundamentally limited in this respect. In this paper, we answer this question by giving a wait-free and linearizable implementation of compare-and-set using just two elementary instructions, half-max and max-write. The implementation takes O(1) steps per process and uses O(1) shared objects per process. Thus, any known or unknown compare-and-set based implementation can also be done using only two elementary instructions without any loss in efficiency. An interesting aspect of these elementary instructions is that depending on the underlying system, their throughput in a highly concurrent setting is larger than that of the compare-and-set instructions by a factor proportional to n.
The Impact of Social Media Policy and Use on Value Creation: a Survey Research

Organizations need to provide effective policies in aligning their social media use with organizational goals to realize the expected benefits of social media. However, while social media use has been studied, social media policy research is lacking. This study aims to examine impacts of social media policy and active use on value creation. Drawing on the Model of IT/Business Value, we assessed the interplay between social media policy and social media use on value creation in a survey research conducted with Indonesia's disaster management agencies. Our analysis results of 124 survey responses show that social media use and social media policy positively influence disaster communication capability of disaster management agencies, which in turn positively affect disaster management performance. Further analysis on the relationship between social media policy on the social media use show high partial mediating role, while we did not find the moderating role of the social media policy.
Assessment of Sleep in Children with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type III

Sleep disturbances are prevalent in mucopolysaccharidosis Type III (MPS III), yet there is a lack of objective, ecologically valid evidence detailing sleep quantity, quality or circadian system. Eight children with MPS III and eight age-matched typically developing children wore an actigraph for 7–10 days/nights. Saliva samples were collected at three time-points on two separate days, to permit analysis of endogenous melatonin levels. Parents completed a sleep questionnaire and a daily sleep diary. Actigraphic data revealed that children with MPS III had significantly longer sleep onset latencies and greater daytime sleep compared to controls, but night-time sleep duration did not differ between groups. In the MPS III group, sleep efficiency declined, and sleep onset latency increased, with age. Questionnaire responses showed that MPS III patients had significantly more sleep difficulties in all domains compared to controls. Melatonin concentrations showed an alteration in the circadian system in MPS III, which suggests that treatment for sleep problems should attempt to synchronise the sleep-wake cycle to a more regular pattern. Actigraphy was tolerated by children and this monitoring device can be recommended as a measure of treatment success in research and clinical practice.
Adaptive Discrete-Time Grid-Voltage Sensorless Interfacing Scheme for Grid-Connected DG-Inverters Based on Neural-Network Identification and Deadbeat Current Regulation

This paper presents an adaptive discrete-time grid-voltage sensorless interfacing scheme for grid-connected distributed generation inverters, based on neural network identification and deadbeat current regulation. First, a novel neural network-based estimation unit is designed with low computational demand to estimate, in real-time, the interfacing parameters and the grid voltage vector simultaneously. A reliable solution to the present nonlinear estimation problem is presented by combining a neural network interfacing-parameters identifier with a neural network grid-voltage estimator. Second, an adaptive deadbeat current controller is designed with high bandwidth characteristics by adopting a delay compensation method. The delay compensation method utilizes the predictive nature of the estimated quantities to compensate for total system delays and to enable real-time design of the deadbeat controller. Third, the estimated grid voltage is utilized to realize a grid-voltage sensorless average-power control loop, which guarantees high power quality injection. Theoretical analysis and comparative evaluation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Energy-efficient Autonomous Four-rotor Flying Robot Controlled at 1 kHz

We describe an efficient, reliable, and robust four-rotor flying platform for indoor and outdoor navigation. Currently, similar platforms are controlled at low frequencies due to hardware and software limitations. This causes uncertainty in position control and unstable behavior during fast maneuvers. Our flying platform offers a 1 kHz control frequency and motor update rate, in combination with powerful brushless DC motors in a light-weight package. Following a minimalistic design approach this system is based on a small number of low-cost components. Its robust performance is achieved by using simple but reliable highly optimized algorithms. The robot is small, light, and can carry payloads of up to 350g
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS VIII PADA MATERI HIMPUNAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah dan menganalisis mengenai: (1) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis menghubungkan benda nyata , gambar dan diagram kedalam ide matematika. (2) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis menjelaskan idea, situasi, tulisan dengan benda nyata, gambar, grafik dan aljabar. (3) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis menyatakan peristiwa sehari-hari dalam bahasa atau simbol matematika. (4) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis membuat model dari suatu situasi melalui tulisan, benda-benda konkret, gambar, grafik, dan metode-metode aljabar. (5) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis Menjelaskan dan membuat pertanyaan tentang matematika yang telah dipelajari. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metodekualitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII Cimahi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis menghubungkan benda nyata , gambar dan diagram kedalam ide matematika tergolong rendah. Kemampuan komunikasi matematis menjelaskan idea, situasi, tulisan dengan benda nyata, gambar, grafik dan aljabar tergolong sedang. Kemampuan komunikasi matematis menyatakan peristiwa sehari-hari dalam bahasa atau simbol matematika tergolong rendah. Kemampuan komunikasi matematis membuat model dari suatu situasi melalui tulisan, benda-benda konkret, gambar, grafik, dan metode-metode aljabar tergolong rendah. Kemampuan komunikasi matematis enjelaskan dan membuat pertanyaan tentang matematika yang telah dipelajari tergolong rendah.
The Specific FKBP38 Inhibitor N-(N′,N′-Dimethylcarboxamidomethyl)cycloheximide Has Potent Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Properties in Brain Ischemia*♦

FK506 and FK506-derived inhibitors of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP)-type peptidylprolyl cis/trans-isomerases (PPIase) display potent neuroprotective and neuroregenerative properties in various neurodegeneration models, showing the importance of neuroimmunophilins as targets for the treatment of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. However, the PPIase activity targeted by active site-directed ligands remainsed unknown so far. Here we show that neurotrophic FKBP ligands, such as GPI1046 and N-[methyl(ethoxycarbonyl)]cycloheximide, inhibit the calmodulin/Ca2+ (CaM/Ca2+)-regulated FKBP38 with up to 80-fold higher affinity than FKBP12. In contrast, the non-neurotrophic rapamycin inhibits FKBP38·CaM/Ca2+ 500-fold less affine than other neuroimmunophillins. In the context of the high expression of FKBP38 in neuroblastoma cells, these data suggest that FKBP38·CaM/Ca2+ inhibition can mediate neurotrophic properties of FKBP ligands. The FKBP38-specific cycloheximide derivative, N-(N′,N′-dimethylcarboxamidomethyl)cycloheximide (DM-CHX) was synthesized and used in a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. Accordingly, DM-CHX caused neuronal protection as well as neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation at a dosage of 27.2 μg/kg. These effects were still dominant, if DM-CHX was applied 2-6 h post-insult. In parallel, sustained motor behavior deficits of diseased animals were improved by drug administration, revealing a potential therapeutic relevance. Thus, our results demonstrate that FKBP38 inhibition by DM-CHX regulates neuronal cell death and proliferation, providing a promising strategy for the treatment of acute and/or chronic neurodegenerative diseases.
ELS: a word-level method for entity-level sentiment analysis

We introduce ELS, a new method for entity-level sentiment classification using sequence modeling by Conditional Random Fields (CRF). The CRF is trained to identify the sentiment of each word in a document, which is then used to determine the sentiment for the entity, based on where it appears in the text. Due to its sequential nature, the CRF classifier performs better than the common bag-of-words approaches, especially when we target the local sentiment in small parts of a larger document. Identifying the sentiment about a specific entity, mentioned in a blog post or a larger product review, is a special case of such local sentiment classification. Furthermore, the proposed approach performs well even in short pieces of text, where bag-of-words approaches usually fail, due to the sparseness of the resulting feature vector. We have implemented and tested the proposed method on a publicly available benchmark corpus of short product reviews in English. The results that we present in this paper improve significantly upon published results on the same data, thus confirming our intuition about the approach.
Postnatal Persistent Infection with Classical Swine Fever Virus and Its Immunological Implications

It is well established that trans-placental transmission of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) during mid-gestation can lead to persistently infected offspring. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of CSFV to induce viral persistence upon early postnatal infection. Two litters of 10 piglets each were infected intranasally on the day of birth with low and moderate virulence CSFV isolates, respectively. During six weeks after postnatal infection, most of the piglets remained clinically healthy, despite persistent high virus titres in the serum. Importantly, these animals were unable to mount any detectable humoral and cellular immune response. At necropsy, the most prominent gross pathological lesion was a severe thymus atrophy. Four weeks after infection, PBMCs from the persistently infected seronegative piglets were unresponsive to both, specific CSFV and non-specific PHA stimulation in terms of IFN-γ-producing cells. These results suggested the development of a state of immunosuppression in these postnatally persistently infected pigs. However, IL-10 was undetectable in the sera of the persistently infected animals. Interestingly, CSFV-stimulated PBMCs from the persistently infected piglets produced IL-10. Nevertheless, despite the addition of the anti-IL-10 antibody in the PBMC culture from persistently infected piglets, the response of the IFN-γ producing cells was not restored. Therefore, other factors than IL-10 may be involved in the general suppression of the T-cell responses upon CSFV and mitogen activation. Interestingly, bone marrow immature granulocytes were increased and targeted by the virus in persistently infected piglets. Taken together, we provided the first data demonstrating the feasibility of CSFV in generating a postnatal persistent disease, which has not been shown for other members of the Pestivirus genus yet. Since serological methods are routinely used in CSFV surveillance, persistently infected pigs might go unnoticed. In addition to the epidemiological and economic significance of persistent CSFV infection, this model could be useful for understanding the mechanisms of viral persistence.
Pliable Data Shuffling for On-device Distributed Learning

Dataset reshuffling across mobile devices allows for speeding up on-device distributed machine learning, which however requires significant communication bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a pliable data shuffling approach to significantly reduce the communication cost for on-device distributed learning via joint data placement and transmission design. This is achieved by establishing the novel interference alignment conditions and diversity constraints for data shuffling to improve the statistical learning performance. Unfortunately, the presented pliable data shuffling problem is a highly intractable mixed combinatorial optimization problem, for which a novel sparse and low-rank framework is developed, supported by the computationally efficient difference-of-convex (DC) algorithm. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed pliable data shuffling is able to significantly reduce the communication bandwidth while achieving desirable learning performance.
THE BONES OF THE MILKY WAY

The very long and thin infrared dark cloud “Nessie” is even longer than had been previously claimed, and an analysis of its Galactic location suggests that it lies directly in the Milky Way's mid-plane, tracing out a highly elongated bone-like feature within the prominent Scutum–Centaurus spiral arm. Re-analysis of mid-infrared imagery from the Spitzer Space Telescope shows that this infrared dark cloud (IRDC) is at least two and possibly as many as five times longer than had originally been claimed by Nessie's discoverers; its aspect ratio is therefore at least 300:1 and possibly as large as 800:1. A careful accounting for both the Sun's offset from the Galactic plane (∼25 pc) and the Galactic center's offset from the (lII, bII) = (0, 0) position shows that the latitude of the true Galactic mid-plane at the 3.1 kpc distance to the Scutum–Centaurus Arm is not b = 0, but instead closer to b = −0.4, which is the latitude of Nessie to within a few parsecs. An analysis of the radial velocities of low-density (CO) and high-density (NH3) gas associated with the Nessie dust feature suggests that Nessie runs along the Scutum–Centaurus Arm in position–position–velocity space, which means it likely forms a dense “spine” of the arm in real space as well. The Scutum–Centaurus Arm is the closest major spiral arm to the Sun toward the inner Galaxy, and, at the longitude of Nessie, it is almost perpendicular to our line of sight, making Nessie the easiest feature to see as a shadow elongated along the Galactic plane from our location. Future high-resolution dust mapping and molecular line observations of the harder-to-find Galactic “bones” should allow us to exploit the Sun's position above the plane to gain a (very foreshortened) view “from above” the Milky Way's structure.
Participation of Leaky Ribosome Scanning in Protein Dual Targeting by Alternative Translation Initiation in Higher Plants[W][OA]

Postendosymbiotic evolution has given rise to proteins that are multiply targeted within the cell. Various mechanisms have been identified to permit the expression of proteins encoding distinct N termini from a single gene. One mechanism involves alternative translation initiation (aTI). We previously showed evidence of aTI activity within the Arabidopsis thaliana organellar DNA polymerase gene POLγ2. Translation initiates at four distinct sites within this gene, two non-AUG, to produce distinct plastid and mitochondrially targeted forms of the protein. To understand the regulation of aTI in higher plants, we used Polγ2 as a model to investigate both cis- and trans-acting features of the process. Here, we show that aTI in Polγ2 and other plant genes involves ribosome scanning dependent on sequence context at the multiple initiation sites to condition specific binding of at least one trans-acting factor essential for site recognition. Multiple active translation initiation sites appear to operate in several plant genes, often to expand protein targeting. In plants, where the mitochondrion and plastid must share a considerable portion of their proteomes and coordinate their functions, leaky ribosome scanning behavior provides adaptive advantage in the evolution of protein dual targeting and translational regulation.
Achieving full cooperative and frequency diversity in bit-interleaved coded two-way relay networks

This paper investigates channel coded transmission schemes for two-way relay networks (TWRNs) where two terminal nodes exchange information through a set of amplify-and-forward (AF) relays over frequency-selective fading channels. Specifically, we assume that the two terminal nodes employ bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for coded data transmission, while the relays employ distributed space-time coding (DSTC) for forwarding the received signals. Our main contribution lies in analyzing the achievable diversity order of such channel coded AF-TWRNs. We show that the two terminal nodes, by using a maximum-likelihood (ML) BICM-OFDM decoder, can harvest the full cooperative and frequency diversity. Simulation results are presented to verify our analytical results.
Rank lower bounds in propositional proof systems based on integer linear programming methods

The work of this thesis is in the area of proof complexity, an area which looks to uncover the limitations of proof systems. In this thesis we investigate the rank complexity of tautologies for several of the most important proof systems based on integer linear programming methods. The three main contributions of this thesis are as follows: Firstly we develop the ﬁrst rank lower bounds for the proof system based on the Sherali-Adams operator and show that both the Pigeonhole and Least Number Principles require linear rank in this system. We also demonstrate a link between the complexity measures of Sherali-Adams rank and Resolution width. Secondly we present a novel method for deriving rank lower bounds in the well-studied Cutting Planes proof system. We use this technique to show that the Cutting Plane rank of the Pigeonhole Principle is logarithmic. Finally we separate the complexity measures of Resolution width and Sherali-Adams rank from the complexity measures of Lovasz and Schrijver rank and Cutting Planes rank.
Photophobia and Phonophobia in Tension-Type and Cervicogenic Headache

Light and sound-induced discomfort and pain thresholds were measured in 26 patients with cervicogenic headache, in 40 patients with tension-type headache, and in 100 headache-free controls. Neither headache group was significantly different as to photophobia and phonophobia, but both were significantly more sensitive to light and sound than controls (p<0.0001), even when patients were tested in the headache-free period (p<0.05). Episodic and chronic tension-type headache had similar photo- and phonophobia thresholds (p≥0.7). Tension-type headache patients were more photo- and phonophobic during headache than outside attack (p<0.05), but this was not true for cervicogenic headache (p>0.56). In cervicogenic headache patients, photophobia (p<0.05) but not phonophobia (p=0.28) was greater on the symptomatic side than on the non-symptomatic side.
IN SILICO STUDY OF SIRT1 ACTIVATORS USING A MOLECULAR DYNAMIC APPROACH

Objective: The importance of SIRT1 activator’s role in antidiabetic and anti-aging therapies is widely demonstrated. Drug discovery and developmentare time consuming. Drug design can be performed in silico using molecular dynamic approaches to accelerate and facilitate identification of the bestcompound candidates and their physicochemical characteristics and hit-to-lead selection.Methods: In silico study of SIRT1 activator for complexes using of Protein Data Bank (PDB) IDs 4ZZI, 4ZZJ 4ZZH, and 5BTR and 4TO ligand. Ligand–receptor interactions and bond energies were determined using molecular docking with the AutoDock4Zn program. Then, the complex with thebest bond energy was identified using a simulation of the molecular dynamics (50 ns) using the Amber program, and values for root mean squaredeviation, root mean square fluctuation, and bond energy were determined using the Molecular Mechanic–Poisson Boltzmann (Generalized Born)surface area (MM-PB[GB]SA) calculation.Results: Interaction analysis between activator ligand (4TO) and the SIRT1 receptor (PDB IDs 4ZZJ and 5BTR) revealed the ligand’s selectivity forhydrophobic interaction at Leu206, Ile223, Ile227, and hydrophilic interaction at Asn226, Glu230. Hydrogen bond interactions between Glu230 and Arg234(allosteric region) with Arg446, Val459, His473, and Asp475 (catalytic region) brought them close to the bounding substrate area. Bond energy valuesobtained using the MM-GB(PB)SA calculation showed 4TO interaction with 4ZZJ (MMGBSA ΔG, −31.4729–−26.6756; MMPBSA ΔG, −32.6292–−28.486]. The bond energy value of the 4TO interaction with 5BTR showed MMGBSA ΔG = −40.6255–−30.0653 and MMPBSA ΔG = −34.6713–−25.9951. Conclusions: These findings provide important information on the target interaction of the bonds to the more selective SIRT1 activator useful fordrug discovery and development.