Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desajuste educativo y salarios: nueva evidencia para el caso español

Este articulo tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del desajuste educativo de los trabajadores en los rendimientos de la educacion y los salarios. Con este proposito se ha utilizado una base de datos que contiene informacion para el ano 2000 acerca de 3.314 trabajadores asalariados en 181 hoteles y 121 restaurantes con mas de 7 trabajadores en Andalucia. Las situaciones de ajuste o desajuste educativo se estiman comparando el nivel de estudios poseido por el trabajador con el nivel requerido en el puesto de trabajo que ocupa, nivel que se ha determinado teniendo en cuenta la opinion de los trabajadores y la de los empleadores. Las estimaciones muestran que la tasa de rendimiento de cada ano de sobreeducacion esta comprendida entre 1,4% y 2,1%, dependiendo de que los anos de estudio requeridos sean los senalados por los trabajadores o por los empleadores. Esta tasa es inferior a la correspondiente a los anos de educacion requerida en el puesto, que esta comprendida entre 2,7% y 3,3%. La penalizacion atribuible a cada ano de infraeducacion oscila entre -1,7 y -1,9 puntos porcentuales. Asimismo, el diferencial en los salarios medios que perciben los trabajadores infraeducados o sobreeducados respecto a aquellos que poseen su mismo nivel educativo y que no presentan desajuste educativo en el puesto, aumenta con el alcance del desajuste, esto es, con los niveles educativos de diferencia entre los estudios poseidos y los requeridos en el puesto.
Spotlight on Zebrafish: Translational Impact

In recent years, the zebrafish has emerged as an increasingly prominent model in biomedical research. To showcase the translational impact of the model across multiple disease areas, Disease Models & Mechanisms has compiled a Special Issue that includes thought-provoking reviews, original research reporting new and important insights into disease mechanisms, and novel resources that expand the zebrafish toolkit. This Editorial provides a summary of the issue’s contents, highlighting the diversity of zebrafish disease models and their clinical applications.
Neuropsychological Stability and Prognosis of Subgroups of Children with Learning Disabilities

A sample of 74 Finnish children with mild learning disabilities (LD) and 57 controls was followed from the third grade (Study 1) to the sixth grade (Study 2). In the initial study, the sample had been grouped into five valid subgroups (Normal, General Language, Visuo-Motor, General Deficiency, Naming) utilizing a cluster analysis. In both studies a battery of 12 neuropsychological, reading, and writing tests was administered, and teacher ratings were obtained. The results indicated that the general neuropsychological profiles of the subgroups were maintained, but some changes, consistent with the progress in reading, were noted. The developmental rate of some neuropsychological functions from Study 1 to Study 2 in the subgroups of children with learning disabilities more closely approached that of the Normal subgroup. At follow-up, 64% of the original LD sample continued to have marked reading and/or writing problems. The Naming subgroup had a more unfavorable prognosis than the other subgroups, especially in reading, and the General Deficiency subgroup in writing (spelling), respectively. Some possibilities for using the results to improve remedial teaching are discussed.
Vortex flow visualization using tetrahedral cell subdivision

Proposes an effective technique for searching for critical points, which are points at which the velocity vector is zero. The previous method, using tetrahedral-cell subdivision, often generates multiple critical points in a hexahedral cell, and this causes several defects in flow visualization. First, we propose a new criterion for differences between interpolation functions, and investigate the reasons for the generation of multiple critical points in a hexahedral cell. Next, to prevent the generation of multiple critical points, we propose an improved method using both tetrahedral-cell subdivision and a trilinear interpolation function. Our method finds critical points by using a linear interpolation function, and, when multiple critical points are found in a hexahedral cell, a numerical integration scheme (Newton's method) is applied and a more precise position is calculated. We apply our approach to several sets of velocity data and evaluate it in several ways.
THE COSMOS2015 CATALOG: EXPLORING THE 1 < z < 6 UNIVERSE WITH HALF A MILLION GALAXIES

We present the COSMOS2015 catalog, which contains precise photometric redshifts and stellar masses for more than half a million objects over the 2deg2 COSMOS field. Including new images from the UltraVISTA-DR2 survey, Y-band images from Subaru/Hyper-Suprime-Cam, and infrared data from the Spitzer Large Area Survey with the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Spitzer legacy program, this near-infrared-selected catalog is highly optimized for the study of galaxy evolution and environments in the early universe. To maximize catalog completeness for bluer objects and at higher redshifts, objects have been detected on a χ2 sum of the and z++ images. The catalog contains objects in the 1.5 deg2 UltraVISTA-DR2 region and objects are detected in the “ultra-deep stripes” (0.62 deg2) at (3σ, 3″, AB magnitude). Through a comparison with the zCOSMOS-bright spectroscopic redshifts, we measure a photometric redshift precision of = 0.007 and a catastrophic failure fraction of %. At , using the unique database of spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS, we find = 0.021 and . The deepest regions reach a 90% completeness limit of to z = 4. Detailed comparisons of the color distributions, number counts, and clustering show excellent agreement with the literature in the same mass ranges. COSMOS2015 represents a unique, publicly available, valuable resource with which to investigate the evolution of galaxies within their environment back to the earliest stages of the history of the universe. The COSMOS2015 catalog is distributed via anonymous ftp and through the usual astronomical archive systems (CDS, ESO Phase 3, IRSA).
Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifier Performance in a 1-Tb/s DWDM Communication System

We have reduced signal-signal four-wave mixing crosstalk in a fiber optical parametric amplifier (OPA) by using a short nonlinear fiber for the gain medium and a high-power pump. This allowed us to obtain less than 1 dB penalty for amplification of 26 dense wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) channels modulated at 43.7 Gb/s return to zero-differential phase-shift keying, with the OPA placed between transmitter and receiver. We then used the same OPA in several different roles for a long-haul transmission system. We did not insert the OPA within the loop, but investigated this role indirectly by using equivalent results for small numbers of loop recirculations. We found that standard erbium-doped fiber amplifiers currently hold an advantage over this OPA, which becomes negligible for long distances. This paper shows that at this time OPAs can handle amplification of WDM traffic in excess of 1 Tb/s with little degradation. It also indicates that with further improvements, fiber OPAs could be a contender for wideband amplification in future optical communication networks.
A Self-Distributing Software Environment with Binary Interception for Multi-Projector Displays

In multi-projector displays, which surround users with high-resolution images, a PC-cluster is often used for realistic and real-time image generation. However, developing applications that support parallel processing on the PC-cluster is quite troublesome. It is also difficult to acquire sufficient rendering performance because of the limited bandwidth of the PC-cluster. Therefore, we aim to achieve affordable and accessible software environments for the multi-projector displays. In this paper, we describe a self-distributing software environment for inheriting existent game engines which provide basic functions of realizing virtual environments. This environment achieves minimum data communication based on a master-slave model. The communication mechanism is automatically applied to target applications by intercepting APIs. Hence we can directly exploit high-capability of the existing game engines on the multi-projector displays.
Nonequilibrium Andreev bound states population in short superconducting junctions coupled to a resonator

Inspired by recent experiments, we study a short superconducting junction of length $L\ll \xi$ (coherence length) inserted in a dc-SQUID containing an ancillary Josephson tunnel junction. We evaluate the nonequilibrium occupation of the Andreev bound states (ABS) for the case of a conventional junction and a topological junction, with the latter case of ABS corresponding to a Majorana mode. We take into account small phase fluctuations of the Josephson tunnel junction, acting as a damped LC resonator, and analyze the role of the distribution of the quasiparticles of the continuum assuming that these quasiparticles are in thermal distribution with an effective temperature different from the environmental temperature. We also discuss the effect of strong photon irradiation in the junction leading to a nonequilibrium occupation of the ABS. We systematically compare the occupations of the bound states and the supercurrents carried by these states for conventional and topological junctions.
New developments in diabetic neuropathy

Purpose of reviewDiabetic neuropathy is a debilitating consequence of type 1 and 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia disrupts the normal function of neurons and their supporting glia at multiple levels. The complexity of this complication, combined with difficulties of delivering therapy to sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons, contributes to the intractability of this serious diabetic complication. This review summarizes recent reviews examining the state of research on and treatment of diabetic neuropathy and highlights areas of clinical and basic research that may yield new diagnostic and treatment options. Recent findingsRecent reviews summarize the effects of hyperglycemia on the peripheral nervous system as well as diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetic neuropathy. Advances in the analysis of intraepidermal fiber densities could shorten the time course of clinical trials and extend data analyses to include sympathetic as well as sensory information. Unchecked glucose-mediated oxidative stress and advanced glycation endproduct signaling through receptors for advanced glycation endproducts are implicated in diabetic neuropathy and may serve as new therapeutic targets. SummaryThe best efforts of countless investigators have yet to find effective treatments either to stop the progression of axonal degeneration and cell death or regrow damaged axons. Basic research into the prevention of oxidative stress caused by excess glucose as well as the prevention of advanced glycation endproduct/receptor for advanced glycation endproduct signaling may offer new therapeutic targets. The use of skin biopsies may aid in early detection of both sensory and autonomic neuropathy, and perhaps in the case of patients with type 2 diabetes, diagnose neuropathy prior to the onset of symptoms.
Striatal cellular properties conserved from lampreys to mammals

Non‐technical summary The striatum is a structure in the forebrain that plays an important role in the control of movements. Diseases that affect this region lead to severe movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. We show here in the lamprey, the oldest vertebrate group to emerge, that the characteristic cellular properties of neurons in striatum in many respects are similar to those of mammals. Our results show how specific ion channels, including particular potassium channels (Kir) that are open at very negative membrane potentials help shape the way these cells respond to and transmit neuronal signals. These specific features are thus conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, and contribute thereby to our understanding of the mode of operation of striatum, at a cellular level, and how movements are controlled.
Analysis of the forming defects of the trapezoidal inner-gear spinning

Spin-forming of cup-shaped thin-walled trapezoidal inner-gear is a new technology of the near-net forming in gear manufacturing field. Experiments and FEM simulations shows that the quality of workpiece is greatly influenced by the forming process method. The defects, such as the un-uniform distribution of tooth height along the axial and tangential directions and the wave-shaped opening-end of workpiece etc., occur easily. The mechanism for defects during spinning is analyzed, which is mainly caused by the partial thickening (in the area of gear-tooth) and thinning (in the area of tooth-groove). Improved forming methods, such as stagger spin-forming, positive-reverse rotation of main spindle and adopting a restraint ring at the opening-end of blank, are put forward. The forming methods are simulated by MSC. Marc and also investigated by experiments. The results show that the improved process methods overcome the forming defects effectively.
Multi-usage of microwave Doppler radar in pervasive healthcare systems for elderly

Health assessment requirements for aging population have accentuated the need of ubiquitous and pervasive e-Health environments. Recently, new implemented embedded vital signs sensors were joined to ubiquitous computation in order to materialize Ubi-Health systems with lower price and augmented interoperability in comparison with traditional clinical instrumentation for in house health status monitoring needs. The work reports the utilization of the smart sensor based on 24GHz microwave FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) Doppler embedded in smart objects such as wheelchairs, walkers or crutches used by elderly, that perform cardiorespiratory signs and physical activity monitoring. According to the requirements of sensor identification and wireless data communication between the smart sensor and the advanced signal processing, data logging and web publishing unit, a combination between Bluetooth MAC based identification and Virtual Transducer Electronic Data Sheet was implemented. The system allows vital signs and motor activity monitoring, including gait characterization.
Automatic Categorization of Ottoman Poems ETHEM

Authorship attribution and identifying time period of literary works are fundamental problems in quantitative analysis of languages. We investigate two fundamentally different machine learning text categorization methods, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Naïve Bayes (NB), and several style markers in the categorization of Ottoman poems according to their poets and time periods. We use the collected works (divans) of ten different Ottoman poets: two poets from each of the five different hundred-year periods ranging from the 15 th to 19 th century. Our experimental evaluation and statistical assessments show that it is possible to obtain highly accurate and reliable classifications and to distinguish the methods and style markers in terms of their effectiveness.
A comparison of sleep mode mechanisms for PtP and TDM-PONs

This paper investigates different sleep mode mechanisms in ONUs and OLTs for point-to-point (PtP) optical access networks and time-division multiplexed passive optical networks. In order to identify appropriate sleep mode mechanisms, we consider three factors: (i) packet arrival rates, (ii) packet size as defined by protocols/standards, and (iii) sleep duration. We demonstrate through simulations that in order to achieve greater power savings while satisfying QoS requirements, fixed cyclic-sleep mode is the ideal candidate for all ONUs, whereas dynamic sleep mode and dozing mode can be used for PtP OLTs and TDM-PON OLTs, respectively. Simulation results show that the power consumption per subscriber of PtP and TDM-PON systems can be reduced by up to 42% and 50%, respectively.
Can Informal Genres be better Translated by Tuning on Automatic Semantic Metrics?

Even though the informal language of spoken text and web forum genres presents great difficulties for automatic semantic role labeling, we show that surprisingly, tuning statistical machine translation against the SRL-based objective function, MEANT, nevertheless leads more robustly to adequate translations of these informal genres than tuning against BLEU or TER. The accuracy of automatic semantic parsing has been shown to degrade significantly on informal genres such as speech or tweets, compared to formal genres like newswire. In spite of this, human evaluators preferred translations from MEANTtuned systems over the BLEUor TERtuned ones by a significant margin. Error analysis indicates that one of the major sources of errors in automatic shallow semantic parsing of informal genres is failure to identify the semantic frame for copula or existential senses of “be”. We show that MEANT’s correlation with human adequacy judgment on informal text is improved by reconstructing the missing semantic frames for “be”. Our tuning approach is independent of the translationmodel architecture, so any SMTmodel can potentially benefit from the semantic knowledge incorporated through our approach.
Surgical Management of Dysphagia Due to Anterior Cervical Osteophytes

Purpose: The present study was performed to share personal experiences and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of anterior cervical osteophytes surgical procedures. Methods: The operative records of anterior cervical osteophytes patients who did not benefit from conventional treatments and underwent osteophytectomy were analyzed retrospectively. Transoral and transcervical anterolateral methods were applied, considering both the localization of the osteophyte and the patient's preference. Results: Five patients were operated with the transcervical anterolateral method, and 3 patients were operated with the transoral procedure. Those using the transcervical method were likely to encounter complications, however, being comfortable for patients. Although the transoral procedure is much safer, the patients may face postoperative pain, long healing time, and morbidities as hematoma, cervical instability, and infection after surgery. Conclusions: Both transcervical and transoral methods will improve the functional swallowing pathologies and decrease aspiration-penetration. Transoral approach is not recommended due to slow healing times and postoperative pain, although it creates easier access to the spine.
The cAMP effectors Epac and protein kinase a (PKA) are involved in the hepatic cystogenesis of an animal model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)

PCK rats, an animal model of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), develop cholangiocyte‐derived liver cysts associated with increased intracellular adenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), the inhibition of which suppresses cyst growth. We hypothesized that elevated cAMP stimulates cholangiocyte proliferation via two downstream effectors, exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac1 and Epac2 isoforms) and protein kinase A (PKA), and that intracellular calcium is also involved in this process. Assessment of Epac isoforms and PKA regulatory subunits at the messenger RNA and protein level showed that cultured normal rat cholangiocytes express Epac1, Epac2, and all regulatory PKA subunits. Epac isoforms and the PKA RIβ subunit were overexpressed in cultured PCK cholangiocytes. Proliferation analysis in response to Epac and PKA activation indicated that both normal and PCK cholangiocytes increase their growth upon Epac‐specific stimulation, while PKA‐specific stimulation results in differential effects, suppressing proliferation in normal cholangiocytes but accelerating this process in PCK cholangiocytes. On the other hand, both PKA and Epac activation of cystic structures generated by normal and PCK cholangiocytes when cultured under three‐dimensional conditions resulted in increased cyst growth, particularly in PCK‐cholangiocyte derived cysts. Pharmacological inhibitors and small interfering RNA–mediated gene silencing demonstrated the specificity of each effector activation, as well as the involvement of MEK‐ERK1/2 signaling in all the observed effector‐associated proliferation changes. Hyperproliferation of PCK cholangiocytes in response to PKA stimulation, but not to Epac stimulation, was found to be associated with decreased intracellular calcium, and restoration of calcium levels blocked the PKA‐dependent proliferation via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion: Our data provide strong evidence that both cAMP effectors, Epac and PKA, and the levels of intracellular calcium are involved in the hepatic cystogenesis of ARPKD. (HEPATOLOGY 2009;49:160‐174.)
Characterization of power losses in soft magnetic materials

The power density of electric machines may be increased by designing for operation at higher rotation speeds and temperatures. Such operation increases the mechanical stresses, frequency, and temperature attained in the soft magnetic materials. Increased power losses in the magnetic material can be quantified empirically by controlled hysteresis experiments allowing improved simulation of machine operation. Standard hysteresis experiments operate at ac excitation, room temperature, and no applied mechanical stress. This is the extent of variables considered by some electromagnetic simulation programs. The involved research community is currently developing semi-empirical models that account for additional power losses due to rotation, pulse waveform modulation, compressive stress, and residual forming stresses and/or machining damage. Concurrently, models also account for reduced power losses due to tensile stress and increased temperature. This paper discusses a model for each environmental variable using the performance of Hiperco/sup /spl reg//50HS (a cobalt-iron-vanadium steel) as an example.
Evaluation of Malondialdehyde Low-Density Lipoprotein Stratified by Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol.

BACKGROUND Malondialdehyde low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) is a major form of oxidized LDL and considered to be more atherogenic than LDL. Information on major determinants of MDA-LDL and their association in subjects who are not under treatment for diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia is limited. METHODS This study included 778 Japanese subjects who were not taking medication for diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. All subjects underwent an annual health examination that included MDA-LDL analysis. Study subjects were divided into four groups according to mean values of LDL-C and MDA-LDL, and the metabolic profile was compared. RESULTS LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were mainly associated with MDA-LDL. When subjects were stratified based on LDL-C levels, small dense LDL-C and MDA-LDL levels increased as LDL-C levels increased. Comparison of the characteristics of study subjects in the same LDL-C level group revealed that subjects with high MDA-LDL showed high metabolic risk in all LDL-C groups, particularly notable in the group with LDL-C levels < 120 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that high LDL-C and low HDL-C levels were independently associated with high MDA-LDL. To prevent high MDA-LDL, it is important to lower LDL-C level as well as to increase HDL-C even in subjects with low LDL-C level by lifestyle modification.