Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal recommendation system for online dating

Online dating sites have become popular platforms for people to look for potential romantic partners. Different from traditional user-item recommendations where the goal is to match items (e.g., books, videos, etc) with a user's interests, a recommendation system for online dating aims to match people who are mutually interested in and likely to communicate with each other. We introduce similarity measures that capture the unique features and characteristics of the online dating network, for example, the interest similarity between two users if they send messages to same users, and attractiveness similarity if they receive messages from same users. A reciprocal score that measures the compatibility between a user and each potential dating candidate is computed and the recommendation list is generated to include users with top scores. The performance of our proposed recommendation system is evaluated on a real-world dataset from a major online dating site in China. The results show that our recommendation algorithms significantly outperform previously proposed approaches, and the collaborative filtering-based algorithms achieve much better performance than content-based algorithms in both precision and recall. Our results also reveal interesting behavioral difference between male and female users when it comes to looking for potential dates. In particular, males tend to be focused on their own interest and oblivious towards their attractiveness to potential dates, while females are more conscientious to their own attractiveness to the other side of the line.
Alum Induces Innate Immune Responses through Macrophage and Mast Cell Sensors, But These Sensors Are Not Required for Alum to Act As an Adjuvant for Specific Immunity1

To understand more about how the body recognizes alum we characterized the early innate and adaptive responses in mice injected with the adjuvant. Within hours of exposure, alum induces a type 2 innate response characterized by an influx of eosinophils, monocytes, neutrophils, DCs, NK cells and NKT cells. In addition, at least 13 cytokines and chemokines are produced within 4 h of injection including IL-1β and IL-5. Optimal production of some of these, including IL-1β, depends upon both macrophages and mast cells, whereas production of others, such as IL-5, depends on mast cells only, suggesting that both of these cell types can detect alum. Alum induces eosinophil accumulation partly through the production of mast cell derived IL-5 and histamine. Alum greatly enhances priming of endogenous CD4 and CD8 T cells independently of mast cells, macrophages, and of eosinophils. In addition, Ab levels and Th2 bias was similar in the absence of these cells. We found that the inflammation induced by alum was unchanged in caspase-1-deficient mice, which cannot produce IL-1β. Furthermore, endogenous CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, Ab responses and the Th2 bias were also not impacted by the absence of caspase-1 or NLRP3. These data suggest that activation of the inflammasome and the type 2 innate response orchestrated by macrophages and mast cells in vivo are not required for adjuvant effect of alum on endogenous T and B cell responses.
Analysis and modeling of gully headcut dynamics, North American high plains

Gullies are dynamic fluvial features that can be the primary driver for landscape dissection and sediment production in many settings. This research exploits a well‐constrained field area near West Bijou Creek, Colorado, U.S., in order to develop a natural experiment in which we explore gully headcut erosion rates, the controls on gully headcut height, and the morphology of gully longitudinal profiles. Analysis of headcut retreat using aerial photography and airborne lidar imagery indicates that headcut retreat rates correlate with the square root of drainage area approximately. We investigate how a drainage area control on headcut retreat translates into the longitudinal profile morphology over time using a simple numerical model. The model combines fluvial erosion, deposition, and headcut retreat to identify the necessary and sufficient conditions needed to reproduce longitudinal profiles observed in the field. Field profiles are typically concave‐upward, predominantly aggradational channel profiles with retreating headcuts whose height varies with catchment position. Systematic variation of environmental parameters in the model showed that the most successful model was achieved when highly resistant vegetation is applied throughout the channel, excluding a bare soil zone downstream of the headcut. This model scenario maintained an abrupt headcut over hundreds of model years and produced a realistic longitudinal profile that aggrades downstream of the headcut over time. The vegetation pattern used in the best model fit is observed at the field site, where easily erodible, sparsely vegetated soil downstream of the headcut grades into a more resistant grassy channel downstream.
Nascent DNA Synthesis During Homologous Recombination Is Synergistically Promoted by the Rad51 Recombinase and DNA Homology

In this study, we exploited a plasmid-based assay that detects the new DNA synthesis (3′ extension) that accompanies Rad51-mediated homology searching and strand invasion steps of homologous recombination to investigate the interplay between Rad51 concentration and homology length. Mouse hybridoma cells that express endogenous levels of Rad51 display an approximate linear increase in the frequency of 3′ extension for homology lengths of 500 bp to 2 kb. At values below ∼500 bp, the frequency of 3′ extension declines markedly, suggesting that this might represent the minimal efficient processing segment for 3′ extension. Overexpression of wild-type Rad51 stimulated the frequency of 3′ extension by ∼3-fold for homology lengths <900 bp, but when homology was >2 kb, 3′ extension frequency increased by as much as 10-fold. Excess wild-type Rad51 did not increase the average 3′ extension tract length. Analysis of cell lines expressing N-terminally FLAG-tagged Rad51 polymerization mutants F86E, A89E, or F86E/A89E established that the 3′ extension process requires Rad51 polymerization activity. Mouse hybridoma cells that have reduced Brca2 (Breast cancer susceptibility 2) due to stable expression of small interfering RNA show a significant reduction in 3′ extension efficiency; expression of wild-type human BRCA2, but not a BRCA2 variant devoid of BRC repeats 1–8, rescues the 3′ extension defect in these cells. Our results suggest that increased Rad51 concentration and homology length interact synergistically to promote 3′ extension, presumably as a result of enhanced Brca2-mediated Rad51 polymerization.
Comparative analysis of dendritic cells transduced with different anti‐apoptotic molecules: sensitivity to tumor‐induced apoptosis

Tumors develop mechanisms to escape recognition by the immune system. It has recently been demonstrated that tumors cause apoptotic death of key immune cells, including the major antigen‐presenting cells, dendritic cells (DC). Elimination of DC from the tumor environment significantly diminishes development of specific immunologic responses. We have recently demonstrated that tumor‐induced DC apoptosis could be prevented by overexpression of the anti‐apoptotic molecule Bcl‐xL. The aim of this study was to identify extrinsic and intrinsic tumor‐induced apoptotic pathways in DC by targeting different anti‐apoptotic molecules, including FLIP, XIAP/hILP, dominant‐negative procaspase‐9 and HSP70.
T-YUN: Trustworthiness Verification and Audit on the Cloud Providers

SUMMARY Cloud computing is broadly recognized as as the prevalent trend in IT. However, in cloud computing mode, customers lose the direct control of their data and applications hosted by the cloud providers, which leads to the trustworthiness issue of the cloud providers, hindering the widespread use of cloud computing. This paper proposes a trustworthiness verification and audit mechanism on cloud providers called T-YUN. It introduces a trusted third party to cyclically attest the remote clouds, which are instrumented with the trusted chain covering the whole architecture stack. According to the main operations of the clouds, remote verification protocols are also proposed in T-YUN, with a dedicated key management scheme. This paper also implements a proof-of-concept emulator to validate the effectiveness and performance overhead of T-YUN. The experimental results show that T-YUN is effective and the extra overhead incurred by it is acceptable.
Iteration-Free-Phase Retrieval for Directive Radiators Using Field Amplitudes on Two Closely Separated Observation Planes

This letter proposes an iteration-free-phase retrieval method for directive radiators based on field amplitudes on two closely separated observation planes. Due to the small separation, local optimization suffers from converging to local minima, and global optimization consumes long CPU time. In the proposed method, the Huygens' principle and the image theory are applied on the first observation plane, and the complex-valued field quantities on the two observation planes are related through the radiation matrix. The radiation matrix is then scaled by the field amplitudes on the two observation planes. It is shown that, if the phase difference between the two observation planes is relatively uniform, an eigenvector of the scaled radiation matrix constitutes a solution to the phase retrieval problem, which achieves iteration-free-phase retrieval. The problem of convergence to local minima is thus avoided. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Overview of the IWSLT evaluation campaign

This paper gives an overview of the evaluation campaign results of the IWSLT04 1 workshop, which is organized by the C-STAR 2 consortium to investigate novel speech translation technologies and their evaluation. The objectives of this workshop is to provide a framework for the applicability validation of existing machine translation evaluation methodologies to evaluate speech translation technologies. The work-shop also strives to ﬁnd new directions in how to improve current methods.
Exact worst-case delay for FIFO-multiplexing tandems

This paper computes the actual worst-case end-to-end delay for a flow in a tandem of FIFO multiplexing service curve nodes, where flows are shaped by concave, piecewise linear arrival curves, and service curves are convex and piecewise linear. Previous works only computed bounds on the above quantity, which are not always tight. We show that the solution entails taking the maximum among the optimal solution of a number of Linear Programming problems. However, the number and size of LP problems grows exponentially with the tandem length. Furthermore, we present approximate solution schemes to find both upper and lower delay bounds on the worst-case delay. Both of them only require to solve just one LP problem, and they produce bounds which are generally more accurate than those found in the previous work. Finally, we elaborate on how the worst-case scenario should be constructed.
Endocrine controls of keratin expression

Keratins are a family of intermediate filaments that serve various crucial roles in skin physiology. For mammalian skin to function properly, and to produce epidermal and hair keratins that are optimally adapted for their environment, it is critical that keratin gene and protein expression are stringently controlled. Given that the skin is not only targeted by multiple hormones, but also constitutes a veritable peripheral endocrine organ, it is not surprizing that intracutaneous keratin expression is underlined by tight endocrine controls. These controls encompass thyroid hormones, steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids (GCs), retinoic acid (RA) and vitamin D, and several neuroendocrine mediators. Here, we review why a better understanding of the endocrine controls of keratin expression is not only required for an improved insight into normal human skin and hair function, but may also open new therapeutic avenues in a wide range of skin and hair diseases.
Classification of vehicle occupants using 3D image sequences

The deployment of vehicle airbags for maximum protection requires information about the occupant's position, movement, weight, size etc. Specifically, it is desirable to discriminate between adults, children, front or rear-facing child seats, objects put on the seat or simply empty seats. 2D images lack depth information about the object and are very sensitive to illumination conditions. Occupant position classification techniques are developed based on low resolution 3D image sequences. The proposed methods are of low complexity and high reliability, allowing real time implementation and meeting the rigorous requirements for passenger safety systems. Features are extracted from the 3D image sequences and a sequential forward search (SFS) feature subset selection algorithm is employed to reduce the size of the feature set. Two classification techniques are evaluated, the Bayes quadratic classifier and the polynomial classifier. We present the classification results based on a large set of measurements from low resolution 3D image sequences. Full scale tests have been conducted on a wide range of realistic situations (adults/children/child seats etc.) which may occur in a vehicle.
Query Expansion Based on Clustered Results

Query expansion is a functionality of search engines that suggests a set of related queries for a user-issued keyword query. Typical corpus-driven keyword query expansion approaches return popular words in the results as expanded queries. Using these approaches, the expanded queries may correspond to a subset of possible query semantics, and thus miss relevant results. To handle ambiguous queries and exploratory queries, whose result relevance is difficult to judge, we propose a new framework for keyword query expansion: we start with clustering the results according to user specified granularity, and then generate expanded queries, such that one expanded query is generated for each cluster whose result set should ideally be the corresponding cluster. We formalize this problem and show its APX-hardness. Then we propose two efficient algorithms named iterative single-keyword refinement and partial elimination based convergence, respectively, which effectively generate a set of expanded queries from clustered results that provides a classification of the original query results. We believe our study of generating an optimal query based on the ground truth of the query results not only has applications in query expansion, but has significance for studying keyword search quality in general.
Post‐processing removal of correlated errors in GRACE data

Gravity fields produced by the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission require smoothing to reduce the effects of errors present in short wavelength components. As the smoothing radius decreases, these errors manifest themselves in maps of surface mass variability as long, linear features generally oriented north to south (i.e., stripes). The presence of stripes implies correlations in the gravity field coefficients. Here we examine the spectral signature of these correlated errors, and present a method to remove them. Finally, we apply the filter to a model of surface‐mass variability to show that the filter has relatively little degradation of the underlying geophysical signals we seek to recover.
Securing the Clustered Database Using Data Modification Technique

The new era of information communication and technology (ICT), everyone wants to store/share their Data or information in online media, like in cloud database, mobile database, grid database, drives etc. When the data is stored in online media the main problem is arises related to data is privacy because different types of hacker, attacker or crackers wants to disclose their private information as publically. Security is a continuous process of protecting the data or information from attacks. For securing that information from those kinds of unauthorized people we proposed and implement of one the technique based on the data modification concept with taking the iris database on weka tool. And this paper provides the high privacy in distributed clustered database environments.
Evaluation of Cocktails with Recombinant Proteins of Mycobacterium bovis for a Specific Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis

The Delayed type hypersensitivity skin test (DTH) and interferon-gamma assay are used for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (TBB). The specificity of these diagnoses, however, is compromised because both are based on the response against purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium bovis (PPD-B). In this study, we assessed the potential of two cocktails containing M. bovis recombinant proteins: cocktail 1 (C1): ESAT-6, CFP-10 and MPB83 and cocktail 2 (C2): ESAT-6, CFP-10, MPB83, HspX, TB10.3, and MPB70. C1, C2, and PPD-B showed similar response by DTH in M. bovis-sensitized guinea pigs. Importantly, C1 induced a lower response than PPD-B in M. avium-sensitized guinea pigs. In cattle, C1 displayed better performance than PPD-B and C2; indeed, C1 showed the least detection of animals either vaccinated or Map-infected. To optimize the composition of the cocktails, we obtained protein fractions from PPD-B and tested their immunogenicity in experimentally M. bovis-infected cattle. In one highly reactive fraction, seven proteins were identified. The inclusion of FixB in C1 enhanced the recognition of M. bovis-infected cattle without compromising specificity. Our data provide a promising basis for the future development of a cocktail for TBB detection without interference by the presence of sensitized or infected animals with other mycobacteria.
Automatic Learning of Textual Entailments with Cross-Pair Similarities

In this paper we define a novel similarity measure between examples of textual entailments and we use it as a kernel function in Support Vector Machines (SVMs). This allows us to automatically learn the rewrite rules that describe a non trivial set of entailment cases. The experiments with the data sets of the RTE 2005 challenge show an improvement of 4.4% over the state-of-the-art methods.
454‐sequencing reveals stochastic local reassembly and high disturbance tolerance within arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

1. Disturbance is assumed to be a major driver of plant community composition, but whether similar processes operate on associated soil microbial communities is less known. Based on the assumed trade‐off between disturbance tolerance and competiveness, we hypothesize that a severe disturbance applied within a semi‐natural grassland would shift the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community towards disturbance‐tolerant fungi that are rare in undisturbed soils.
Neuroendocrine assessment of serotonergic, dopaminergic, and noradrenergic functions in alcohol-dependent individuals.

BACKGROUND Alcohol dependence has been associated with reduced function of serotonin, dopamine as well as noradrenaline activities in several neuroendocrine studies. To our knowledge, there is, however, no study investigating all these 3 systems with the use of neuroendocrine methods in one and the same alcohol-dependent individual. METHODS Alcohol-dependent individuals (n = 42) and controls (n = 28) participated in the neuroendocrine test series. Central serotonergic neurotransmission was assessed by the prolactin (PRL) response to citalopram (CIT). The postsynaptic DRD2 function was measured by the growth hormone (GH) response to apomorphine (APO) and the postsynaptic α2-adrenoceptor function by GH response to clonidine (CLON). RESULTS In the alcohol-dependent individuals, the PRL concentrations were significantly lower at the time points 240 minutes and 300 minutes after CIT administration and mean delta PRL value was significantly reduced by 45% in comparison with controls. There were no significant differences in APO-GH and CLON-GH concentrations at any time points or in mean delta GH values between the groups. An impaired monoaminergic profile, including all 3 systems, was significantly more frequent in alcohol-dependent individuals than controls (43% vs. 6% respectively). CONCLUSIONS The monoaminergic dysfunction was restricted to an impairment of the serotonergic system, suggesting that this system is especially vulnerable to long-term and excessive alcohol consumption. Moreover, impaired monoaminergic profiles, including low responses in 2 or 3 systems, were more frequently observed in alcohol-dependent individuals than in controls. Such impaired profiles may be of clinical importance, but further studies are needed.
Calpain Activity and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Platelet Regulate Haemostatic Situation in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery and Coagulation in Mice

Human platelets express Toll-like receptors (TLR) 4. However, the mechanism by which TLR4 directly affects platelet aggregation and blood coagulation remains to be explored. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the platelet TLR4 expression in patients who underwent CABG surgery; we explored the correlation between platelet TLR4 expression and the early outcomes in hospital of patients. Additionally, C57BL/6 and C57BL/6-Tlr LPS−/− mice were used to explore the roles of platelet TLR4 in coagulation by platelet aggregometry and rotation thromboelastometry. In conclusion, our results highlight the important roles of TLR4 in blood coagulation and platelet function. Of clinical relevance, we also explored novel roles for platelet TLR4 that are associated with early outcomes in cardiac surgery.
An investigation of the importance of myocardial anisotropy in finite-element modeling of the heart: methodology and application to the estimation of defibrillation efficacy

Finite-element (FE) modeling has been widely used in studies of bioelectric phenomena of tissues, including ventricular defibrillation. Most FE models, whether built from anatomical atlases or subject-specific tomographic images, treat the myocardium as an isotropic tissue. However, myocardium has been experimentally shown to have significant anisotropy in its resistivities, although myocardial fiber directions are difficult to measure on a subject-specific basis. In this paper, we: (1) propose a method to incorporate a widely known myocardial fiber direction model to a specific individual and (2) assess the effects of myocardial anisotropy on myocardial voltage gradients computed for a study of implantable defibrillators. The thoracic FE model was built from CT images of a young pig, and the myocardial fiber structures were incorporated via elastic mapping. Our results demonstrate a good mapping of geometry between the source and target hearts with an average root-mean-square error of less than 2.3 mm and a mapped fiber pattern similar to those known to exist in vivo. With the mapped fiber information, we showed that the estimated minimal myocardial voltage gradient over 80% of the myocardium differs by less than 10% between using an isotropic and anisotropic myocardial models. Thus, myocardial anisotropy is expected to have only a small effect on estimates of defibrillation threshold obtained from computed voltage gradients. On the other hand, anisotropy may be essential if defibrillation efficacy is analyzed by transmembrane voltage of the myocardial cells.