Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feedback strategies for white Gaussian interference networks

A white Gaussian interference network is a channel with T transmitters and R receivers where the received symbols are linear combinations of the transmitted symbols and white Gaussian noise. This paper considers the case where K messages are transmitted through the network in a point-to-point manner, i.e., each message is encoded by exactly one transmitter and is destined for exactly one receiver. It is further assumed that feedback is available so that each transmitter sees the outputs of the receivers to which it is sending messages. Communication strategies based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) are developed that perform well for such networks. For multiple-access channels (K=T, R=1) with equal transmitter powers the strategies achieve the feedback sum-rate capacity if the powers are beyond some threshold. For the same channels with fixed transmitter powers and large K, the achievable sum-rate is approximately (log log K)/2 larger than the sum-rate capacity without feedback. For broadcast channels (T=1, K=R) with strong symmetries, the strategies achieve a monotonically increasing sum-rate with K. For interference channels (K=T=R) with strong interference, the strategies significantly enlarge the no-feedback capacity region by "correlation routing. ".
Resonance method of electromagnetic to mechanical energy transformation

Statement of the problem in general form. Electromagnetic energy of microwave is used in various fields of science and technology: particle accelerators, thermonuclear fusion systems, heating and processing of materials and products in the food industry, radiolocation, telecommunications [1], medicine [2], etc. [3]. Rational use of microwave energy is impossible without reliable and accurate measuring devices. One of the main parameters of electromagnetic energy, which must be controlled when using it, is power. At present, wattmeters are used to measure the microwave power in industrial conditions, for example: DPM 5000-EX of Bird Electronic Corporation, USA [4]; R & S ® NRP2 from Rohde et al. [5]; M3-56, MKZ-71 of the company “Meridian” [6]. The error in measuring the power passing from the generator to the load with these wattmeters is 4-5% (without taking into account the error of the deviation and the error of the additional transitions). Known model ponderomotive wattmeters as close as possible to standards, which have a measurement error, passing from the generator to a load of power equal to 0.2% [7]. The use of these watts in industrial conditions is impossible, since they have a low mechanical strength.
Multiple trajectories of successful aging of older and younger cohorts.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to apply group-based trajectory analysis to identify multiple successful aging trajectories by multiple indicators and to examine the factors related to successful aging among the elderly population in Taiwan. DESIGN AND METHODS Nation-representative longitudinal data collected from 1993 to 2007 and consisting of 2 cohorts were used, and the trajectories of the following 6 successful aging indicators were analyzed: chronic diseases, physical function difficulties, depressive symptoms, social support, social participation, and economic satisfaction. RESULTS Members of the cohorts fell into 4 groups: successful aging, usual aging (the older cohort)/insecure aging (the younger cohort), health declining, and care demanding. Successful aging trajectories reflected differences in self-rated health and life satisfaction. IMPLICATIONS This study provides empirical findings of the heterogeneity of successful aging trajectories in multidimensional indicators.
Decoding illusory self-location from activity in the human hippocampus

Decades of research have demonstrated a role for the hippocampus in spatial navigation and episodic and spatial memory. However, empirical evidence linking hippocampal activity to the perceptual experience of being physically located at a particular place in the environment is lacking. In this study, we used a multisensory out-of-body illusion to perceptually ‘teleport’ six healthy participants between two different locations in the scanner room during high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants were fitted with MRI-compatible head-mounted displays that changed their first-person visual perspective to that of a pair of cameras placed in one of two corners of the scanner room. To elicit the illusion of being physically located in this position, we delivered synchronous visuo-tactile stimulation in the form of an object moving toward the cameras coupled with touches applied to the participant’s chest. Asynchronous visuo-tactile stimulation did not induce the illusion and served as a control condition. We found that illusory self-location could be successfully decoded from patterns of activity in the hippocampus in all of the participants in the synchronous (P < 0.05) but not in the asynchronous condition (P > 0.05). At the group-level, the decoding accuracy was significantly higher in the synchronous than in the asynchronous condition (P = 0.012). These findings associate hippocampal activity with the perceived location of the bodily self in space, which suggests that the human hippocampus is involved not only in spatial navigation and memory but also in the construction of our sense of bodily self-location.
Surgical Treatment of Dystrophic Spinal Curves Caused by Neurofibromatosis Type 1

AbstractDystrophic scoliosis in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to review the clinical and radiological outcome of surgical treatment of dystrophic spinal curves in NF-1, for analyzing its efficacy, safety, and possible complications.This retrospective study consisted of 26 NF-1 patients with spinal deformities treated between 2003 and 2012 in our department. Preoperative X-ray, 3D-CT, and MRI were performed to evaluate the deformities of dystrophic scoliosis accurately. All patients were treated with posterior instrumented fusion alone using screws and hooks. According to the anatomical development situation of each patient's pedicles and the transverse processes, we chose different fixations and different fixed segments. The clinical and radiological outcomes of surgical correction were evaluated postoperatively.The average preoperative kyphosis was 43° (range 15–86°). The postoperative kyphosis had an average of 20° (range 10–39°) yielding 53% correction. At final follow-up, there was an average of 4.6% correction loss. The preoperative scoliosis Cobb angle had an average of 47° (range 35–96°). The postoperative scoliosis Cobb angle had an average of 21° (range 10–37°) yielding 55% correction. At final follow-up, there was an average of 6.6% correction loss. The apical vertebral body rotation was corrected by an average of 48%. At final follow-up, the score of the SRS-30 questionnaire ranged from 97 to 135 with an average of 109.In conclusion, the deformities of dystrophic scoliosis can be accurately determine through preoperative radiolographic evaluation, which plays an important role in guiding the correction of scoliosis program development. The results of this study demonstrate that satisfactory therapeutic effects can be achieved in the dystrophic scoliosis patients by preoperative meticulous surgical plans, intraoperative careful manipulation, and hybrid instrumentation.
Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach

From the Publisher: This book is the Second Edition of the highly successful Software Metrics: A Rigorous Approach. The book has been comprehensively re-written and re-designed to take account of the fast changing developments in software metrics, most notably their widespread penetration into industrial practice. Thus there are now extensive case studies, worked examples, and exercises. While every section of the book has been improved and updated, there are also entirely new sections dealing with process maturity and measurement, goal-question-metric, metrics plans, experimentation, empirical studies, object-oriented metrics, and metrics tools. The book continues to provide an accessible and comprehensive introduction to software metrics, now an essential component in the software engineering process. Software Metrics, 2/e is ideal for undergraduate and graduates studying a course in software metrics or software quality assurance. It also provides an excellent resource for practitioners in industry.
Efficient neocentromere formation is suppressed by gene conversion to maintain centromere function at native physical chromosomal loci in Candida albicans

CENPA/Cse4 assembles centromeric chromatin on diverse DNA. CENPA chromatin is epigenetically propagated on unique and different centromere DNA sequences in a pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Formation of neocentromeres on DNA, nonhomologous to native centromeres, indicates a role of non-DNA sequence determinants in CENPA deposition. Neocentromeres have been shown to form at multiple loci in C. albicans when a native centromere was deleted. However, the process of site selection for CENPA deposition on native or neocentromeres in the absence of defined DNA sequences remains elusive. By systematic deletion of CENPA chromatin-containing regions of variable length of different chromosomes, followed by mapping of neocentromere loci in C. albicans and its related species Candida dubliniensis, which share similar centromere properties, we demonstrate that the chromosomal location is an evolutionarily conserved primary determinant of CENPA deposition. Neocentromeres on the altered chromosome are always formed close to the site which was once occupied by the native centromere. Interestingly, repositioning of CENPA chromatin from the neocentromere to the native centromere occurs by gene conversion in C. albicans.
Performance Evaluation of a People Tracking System on PETS2009 Database

In this paper a system for autonomous video surveillance in relatively unconstrained environments is described. The system consists of two principal phases: object detection and object tracking. An adaptive background subtraction, together with a set of corrective algorithms, is used to cope with variable lighting, dynamic and articulate scenes, etc. The tracking algorithm is based on a matrix representation of the problem, and is used to face splitting and occlusion problems. When the tracking algorithm fails in following actual object trajectories, an appearancebased module is used to restore object identities. An experimental evaluation, carried out on the PETS2009 dataset for tracking, shows promising results.
Maximum actuation strain for dissipative dielectric elastomers with simultaneous effect of prestretch and temperature

A dielectric elastomer can generate giant deformation by the voltage actuation, but the deformation is often hindered by the electromechanical instability and “snap-through deformation,” which may lead to electrical breakdown. In this study, for the first time, the mathematical model is established for dissipative dielectric elastomers in the dynamic model with simultaneous effect of prestretch and temperature in order to achieve maximum actuation strain. The deformation of the dissipative dielectric elastomer: VHB 4905/4910 is investigated for the two simple actuation methods: constant and ramping voltage actuation, respectively. The best combined conditions of voltage and prestretch to obtain a large deformation at different operating temperatures are studied in detail. Under the best combined conditions, the influences of three factors: voltage, prestretch, and temperature on the maximum actuation strain are analyzed. This study should offer a great help in the design of dielectric elastomer actuators, and give the guidance to the accomplishment of the large deformation of dissipative dielectric elastomer actuators. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 135, 45850.
Higher rate of fat oxidation during rowing compared with cycling ergometer exercise across a range of exercise intensities

The relative contribution of carbohydrate and fat oxidation to energy expenditure during exercise is dependent on variables including exercise intensity, mode, and recruited muscle mass. This study investigated patterns of substrate utilization during two non‐weightbearing exercise modalities, namely cycling and rowing. Thirteen young, moderately trained males performed a continuous incremental (3‐min stages) exercise test to exhaustion on separate occasions on an electronically braked cycle (CYC) ergometer and an air‐braked rowing (ROW) ergometer, respectively. On two further occasions, participants performed a 20‐min steady‐state exercise bout at ∼50%VO2peak on the respective modalities. Despite similar oxygen consumption, rates of fat oxidation (FATox) were ∼45% higher during ROW compared with CYC (P < 0.05) across a range of power output increments. The crossover point for substrate utilization occurred at a higher relative exercise intensity for ROW than CYC (57.8 ± 2.1 vs 42.1 ± 3.6%VO2peak, P < 0.05). During steady‐state submaximal exercise, the higher FATox during ROW compared with CYC was maintained (P < 0.05), but absolute FATox were 42% (CYC) and 28% (ROW) lower than during incremental exercise. FATox is higher during ROW compared with CYC exercise across a range of exercise intensities matched for energy expenditure, and is likely as a consequence of larger muscle mass recruited during ROW.
Cultural Differences in Affect Intensity Perception in the Context of Advertising

Cultural differences in the perception of positive affect intensity within an advertising context were investigated among American, Japanese, and Russian participants. Participants were asked to rate the intensity of facial expressions of positive emotions, which displayed either subtle, low intensity, or salient, high intensity expressions of positive affect. In agreement with previous findings from cross-cultural psychological research, current results demonstrate both cross-cultural agreement and differences in the perception of positive affect intensity across the three cultures. Specifically, American participants perceived high arousal (HA) images as significantly less calm than participants from the other two cultures, while the Japanese participants perceived low arousal (LA) images as significantly more excited than participants from the other cultures. The underlying mechanisms of these cultural differences were further investigated through difference scores that probed for cultural differences in perception and categorization of positive emotions. Findings indicate that rating differences are due to (1) perceptual differences in the extent to which HA images were discriminated from LA images, and (2) categorization differences in the extent to which facial expressions were grouped into affect intensity categories. Specifically, American participants revealed significantly higher perceptual differentiation between arousal levels of facial expressions in high and intermediate intensity categories. Japanese participants, on the other hand, did not discriminate between high and low arousal affect categories to the same extent as did the American and Russian participants. These findings indicate the presence of cultural differences in underlying decoding mechanisms of facial expressions of positive affect intensity. Implications of these results for global advertising are discussed.
Combination of OSELM classifiers with fuzzy integral for large scale classification

This paper proposed a large scale classification approach, which combines OSELM (Online Sequential Extreme Learning Machine) classifiers with fuzzy integral. The proposed method consists of three steps, (1) Firstly the component OSELM classifiers are sequentially trained on subsets of a large data set, in the process of training component classifiers, the instances previously used will be excluded from training the following component classifiers. (2) The trained component classifiers are combined with fuzzy integral. (3) The aggregation learning system is used for classifying the unseen samples. We compared our method with two other state-of-the-art large data sets classification methods, which are DTSVM (Decision Tree Support Vector Machine) and CVM (Core Vector Machine). The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms DTSVM and CVM. Moreover the proposed approach can overcome instability of OSELM in different trials of simulations.
Lung Tissue Resistance in Healthy Children

Extract: In ten healthy children, simultaneous measurements were made of the total pulmonary resistance and the airway resistance. The difference between these two measurements gave the lung tissue resistance which amounted to 1.08 ± 0.32 cm H2O/l/s (range, 0.65 to 1.59), or 29% of the total pulmonary resistance. It was on an average three times higher in children than in healthy adults. An inverse relation was found between lung tissue resistance and the vital capacity. Moreover, the results of measurements made in one child breathing at three different breathing patterns, indicate that with increasing tidal volume, lung tissue resistance increases. These observations suggest that lung tissue resistance itself is the sum of two components; one being due to the flow-dependent frictional forces of lung tissue, and the other, independent of flow resistance, being due to the nonideal elastic properties of the lung. The results obtained can be explained reasonably well on the basis of the latter component which seems to be much more important than the former.Speculation: Dynamic measurements of the nonflow resistive hysteresis may give information about the properties of surface-active substance in healthy and diseased lungs.
Selecting and Applying Recommendation Technology

This paper presents a taxonomy of recommender systems with the goal of assisting in selection and application of these systems. Recommendation methods are usually classified into three main categories: collaborative,contentbased, and knowledge-based. We outline a taxonomy of recommender systems based on problem characteristics and the underlying technology. We show how the taxonomy can help researchers and developers select between different kinds of recommender systems by clearly defining the problem characteristics including: problem structure, domain, relationship with the user, user input, background knowledge, and recommendation outputs. Author
Regulatory CD 4 1 CD 25 1 T Cells in Tumors from Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Late-Stage Ovarian Cancer 1

Immunosuppression may contribute to the progression of cancer. In this study we assessed the structural and functional status of T cells from tumor specimens obtained from patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer and late-stage ovarian cancer. Although some groups have described structural alterations in the TCR in patients with other malignancies, we did not observe decreased expression of the CD3 z subunit in the tumor-associated T cells. However, increased percentages of CD4CD25 T cells were observed in the non-small cell lung cancer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and ovarian cancer tumor-associated lymphocytes. Furthermore, these CD4 CD25 T cells were found to secrete transforming growth factorb, consistent with the phenotype of regulatory T cells. Despite a generalized expression of lymphocyte activation markers in the tumor-associated T-cell populations, the CD8 1 T cells expressed low levels of CD25. To determine whether expression of CD25 could be restored on the CD8 cells, tumor-associated T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies. After stimulation, nearly all of the CD8 T cells expressed CD25. Furthermore, despite the low levels of interleukin 2, IFNg, and tumor necrosis factor-a secretion by the tumor-associated and peripheral blood T cells at baseline, stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies significantly increased the fraction of cells producing these cytokines. Thus, tumorassociated T cells from patients with early and late-stage epithelial tumors contain increased proportions of CD4CD25 T cells that secrete the immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor-b. Furthermore, our results are consistent with previous reports showing impaired expression of CD25 on CD8 1 T cells in cancer patients. Finally, increased lymphocyte costimulation provided by triggering the CD28 receptor is able to increase CD25 expression and cytokine secretion in tumor-associated T cells. These observations provide evidence for the contribution of regulatory T cells to immune dysfunction in cancer patients.
Découverte des règles associatives non redondantes - Application aux corpus textuels

Dans cet article, on s'interesse au probleme d'extraction de regles non redondantes sur un fond de semantique basee sur la fermeture de connexion de Galois. On presente une nouvelle approche reposant sur la derivation du treillis de generateurs a partir de l'iceberg de Galois et l'exploitation du treillis de generateurs pour la generation des regles associatives approximatives et exactes non redondantes. Cette approche presente un fort interet pour un systeme de visualisation de regles. Les resultats des experimentations menees sur des bases reelles montrent l'utilite de l'approche ainsi que de taux de reduction de la redondance fort interessants.
Assessment of Spatial Memory

Behavioral tasks must be evaluated in terms of the cognitive functions they require. The tasks described in this unit are useful for detecting stimulation by drugs or a small electrical current, impairment of normal function by production of lesions or administration of a pharmacologic or toxicologic agent, recording activity during performance of a specific task, or behavioral phenotyping of transgenic or knockout mice. The radial arm maze test is used for basic working memory or working memory versus reference memory; the water maze task is used for spatial memory, spatial probe trials, or working memory; and the T‐maze test is used for spatial memory, working versus reference memory, or spontaneous alternation.
Multiple developing news stories identified and tracked by social insects and visualized using the new galactic streams and concurrent streams metaphors

We have developed an approach to identification and tracking of currently unfolding news stories extracted from the news articles published on the Web. Our approach employs a set of agents to retrieve those articles from the Web that might refer to some developing news story. The set of agents is inspired by social insects, in particular by a bee colony. Bees identify popular terms, referred to as story words, relevant to the ongoing news stories and use them in foraging articles. This allows for a dynamic approach that reflects the changes in article space as new stories unfold and new articles are added. Subsequently a graph representation of the article space is constructed that contains retrieved articles and identified story words interconnected by edges according to relationships of relevance identified between elements of the graph. Stories are then extracted from the constructed graph by using Louvain method, commonly used to identify communities within modular graphs. Using this approach we have been able to identify news stories in a stream of articles retrieved from the Web with precision of 75.56%, with best precision generally achieved for recent news stories described by popular story words. Further we developed ways of visualization of multiple stories represented by sets of articles ordered in time. We propose two new metaphors both employing an exponential timeline. Both galactic streams and concurrent streams are highly suitable for visualizing multiple developing stories.