Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diamonds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the circumstellar environment of the Herbig Ae/Be star Elias 1

We report long-slit spectroscopic observations of the Herbig Ae/Be star Elias 1 in the 3.2-3,6 μm region covering the C-H stretch emission features of hydrogen-terminated diamonds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The data were recorded at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope using the UKIRT Imaging Spectrometer (UIST) and yield information on the profiles and intensities of the bands as a function of offset along the NS and EW axes centred on the close binary. The diamond and nearby infrared continuum emission arises from a symmetrical inner core region (≤0.34 arcsec or 48 au). The 3.3-μm PAH emission is extended along the EW axis up to ca. 100 au each side of the star. This result supports a suggestion of Haas, Leinert & Richichi of an EW oriented bipolar nebula in Elias 1.
Clinical Outcomes after Binocular Implantation of a New Trifocal Diffractive Intraocular Lens

Purpose. To evaluate visual, refractive, and contrast sensitivity outcomes, as well as the incidence of pseudophakic photic phenomena and patient satisfaction after bilateral diffractive trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods. This prospective nonrandomized study included consecutive patients undergoing cataract surgery with bilateral implantation of a diffractive trifocal IOL (AT LISA tri 839MP, Carl Zeiss Meditec). Distance, intermediate, and near visual outcomes were evaluated as well as the defocus curve and the refractive outcomes 3 months after surgery. Photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity, patient satisfaction, and halo perception were also evaluated. Results. Seventy-six eyes of 38 patients were included; 90% of eyes showed a spherical equivalent within ±0.50 diopters 3 months after surgery. All patients had a binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity of 0.00 LogMAR or better and a binocular uncorrected intermediate visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR or better, 3 months after surgery. Furthermore, 85% of patients achieved a binocular uncorrected near visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR or better. Conclusions. Trifocal diffractive IOL implantation seems to provide an effective restoration of visual function for far, intermediate, and near distances, providing high levels of visual quality and patient satisfaction.
Dinatural Terms in System F

We provide in this article two characterisation results, describing exactly which terms verify the dinaturality diagram, in Church-style system F and in Curry-style system F. The proof techniques we use here are purely syntactic, giving in particular a direct construction of the two terms generated by the dinaturality diagram. But the origin of these techniques lies in fact directly on the analysis of system F through game semantics. Thus, this article provides an example of backward engineering, where powerful syntactic results can be extracted from a semantic analysis.
A survey on tree edit distance lower bound estimation techniques for similarity join on XML data

When integrating tree-structured data from autonomous and heterogeneous sources, exact joins often fail for the same object may be represented differently. Approximate join techniques are often used, in which similar trees are considered describing the same real-world object. A commonly accepted metric to evaluate tree similarity is the tree edit distance. While yielding good results, this metric is computationally complex, thus has limited benefit for large databases. To make the join process efficient, many previous works take filtering and refinement mechanisms. They provide lower bounds for the tree edit distance in order to reduce unnecessary calculations. This work explores some widely accepted filtering and refinement based methods, and combines them to form multi-level filters. Experimental results indicate that string-based lower bounds are tighter yet more computationally complex than set-based lower bounds, and multi-level filters provide the tightest lower bound efficiently.
Retrospective Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for Dirichlet process hierarchical models

Inference for Dirichlet process hierarchical models is typically performed using Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, which can be roughly categorized into marginal and conditional methods. The former integrate out analytically the infinite-dimensional component of the hierarchical model and sample from the marginal distribution of the remaining variables using the Gibbs sampler. Conditional methods impute the Dirichlet process and update it as a component of the Gibbs sampler. Since this requires imputation of an infinite-dimensional process, implementation of the conditional method has relied on finite approximations. In this paper, we show how to avoid such approximations by designing two novel Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms which sample from the exact posterior distribution of quantities of interest. The approximations are avoided by the new technique of retrospective sampling. We also show how the algorithms can obtain samples from functionals of the Dirichlet process. The marginal and the conditional methods are compared and a careful simulation study is included, which involves a non-conjugate model, different datasets and prior specifications. Copyright 2008, Oxford University Press.
Algorithms for iterative phase noise estimation based on a truncated DCT expansion

We present two phase noise estimation algorithms for single-carrier burst communications. The first and second estimation techniques (denoted as PEA1 and PEA2 respectively) are based on a truncated discrete cosine transform (DCT) basis expansion of the phase noise and of the corresponding phasor, respectively and do not require any knowledge of the phase noise statistics. An initial pilot-based estimate is iteratively improved by means of the expectation-maximization algorithm, yielding a soft-decision-directed phase noise estimate. The performances of PEA1 and PEA2 are compared in terms of the mean-square phase error and bit-error rate. Numerical results show that PEA2 outperforms PEA1 for practical values of the signal-to-noise ratio.
CMU Video-Rate Stereo Machine

In this paper, CMU video-rate stereo machine based on multi-baseline method is introduced. It is a dedicated hardware for very fast range measurement. A calibration method suitable for multi-baseline stereo is also shown. Finally the performance is demonstrated in an indoor scene. Direct motivation of the development of stereo machine is to use it as a range sensor in autonomous navigation vehicles. But we believe there are many applications that the stereo machine opens up. One interesting application is a 3D scene modeling in which 3D data obtained are combined with intensity/color image to create a 3D model of a real scene. We continue to improve the performance of the stereo machine and plan to develop an application like this.
Neural Plastic Effects of Working Memory Training Influenced by Self-perceived Stress in Stroke: A Case Illustration

This case study examined the effects of auditory working memory (WM) training on neuroplastic changes in stroke survivors and how such effects might be influenced by self-perceived stress. Two participants with a history of stroke participated in the study. One of them had a higher level of self-perceived stress. Both participants underwent a course of auditory WM training and completed baseline and post-training assessments such as self-perceived stress, performance satisfaction questionnaires, behavioral task performance, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. They were trained on a computerized auditory WM task (n-back) 5 days a week for 6 weeks, for a total of 20 h. Participant 1 had high levels of perceived stress, both pre- and post-training, and showed improvement on the satisfaction aspect of functional engagement only. Participant 2 had lower levels of perceived stress and demonstrated improvements on all performance tasks. Neuroimaging results showed evidence of improved neural efficiency on the trained task for participant 2. The results shed light on the need to evaluate psychological influences, e.g., stress, when studying the neuroplastic changes in people with stroke. However, the case design approach and other factors that might have positively influenced outcomes mean that these results must be interpreted with a great deal of caution. Future studies using a larger sample are recommended to verify the findings.
Online power control strategy for wireless transmission with energy harvesting

We consider data transmission with energy harvesting and storage devices over wireless fading channel. We design an online power control strategy aiming at maximizing the long-term time-averaged data rate, given finite battery storage and operation constraints. Through problem transformation and Lyapunov optimization technique, we develop an online algorithm to determine transmit power based on the current energy level of the battery and channel fade condition. Our power solution does not rely on any knowledge of the statistics of energy arrivals and fading channel. It is provided in closed-form which not only provides insight to the energy management and transmission control actions, but also has minimum complexity for implementation. We further bound the performance of our proposed algorithm to that of the optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate significant performance gain of the proposed strategy over the greedy approach.
An Association Rule Algorithm Generated by Minimal Head-Item Set Based on Set-Enumeration Tree

A lot of association rules may be generated in the process of association rules mining�» and much time may be wasted when a user analyzes the association rules. To solve this problem, an improved algorithm which based on the set- enumeration tree for mining the association rules is introduced; and the algorithm reduces the number of association rules remarkably and generates a subset of association rules without any information loss. The number of association rules is decreased very much, so the space consumption in rules' storage will be declined greatly, and the efficiency of analysis for association rules will be enhanced. ∗
An Empirical Study of Fan-In and Fan-Out in Java OSS

Coupling is a well researched topic in the Object-Oriented (OO) research community and its influence on class cohesion is well understood. In this paper, we present an empirical study exploring the effect of method calling on class cohesion using two coupling metrics, namely fan-in and fan-out. Three Java, open-source systems (OSS) were used as a basis of the study. A small number of classes were found to account for the vast majority of fan-in and fan-out. We also found the impact of fan-out on class cohesion to be higher than that of fan-in. Classes containing fan-out tended to have lower cohesion than those containing fan-in.
Security in healthcare informatics: Design and implementation of a robust authentication and a hybrid access control mechanism

Ensuring adequate security and privacy of health information is a moral and legal mandate of the twenty-first-century healthcare industry that is fast moving towards complete digitalization. As a consequence of increased threats to security of electronic health records, a genuine need for a robust and effective authentication and access control schemes has emerged. Since healthcare systems pose some unique security constraints, especially in case of access control, none of the extant off-the-shelf solutions is directly applicable. In this paper - recognizing the fact that authentication is an indispensable precursor to access control - we address both issues together by proposing a robust authentication scheme and a hybrid access control model for healthcare informatics. We explain the design and implementation of the proposed system, and discuss evaluation results that were found to successfully satisfy various security requirements of the healthcare domain.
EyeVR: low-cost VR eye-based interaction

The EyeVR system enables eye and gaze interactions in VR glasses at a price below $100, while providing sufficient performance for many typical VR use cases, like foveated rendering, gaming, or attention-based storytelling. It is based on off-the-shelf hardware like a Raspberry Pi, can be used in wireless, mobile settings and allows for a widespread use of gaze tracking in different applications through open interfaces. Besides standard gaze tracking, another focus of the system lies on exploring new forms of interactions besides only gaze direction, by providing additional details about the eye like pupil size or eyelid movement.
Income inequality and growth in transition economies : are nonlinear models needed?

This paper analyses the relationship between income inequality and growth in transition economies. The distinct and complex dynamics adherent to these economies lead to the proposition of new econometric models in the paper. However, empirical results do not support the proposed more flexible nonlinear functions. Further, the Kuznets hypothesis is clearly rejected by our data. On the contrary, a (first) half U pattern is found to be adequate for describing the inequality-growth relationship.
Tolerating path heterogeneity in multipath TCP with bounded receive buffers

Abstract With bounded receive buffers, the aggregate bandwidth of multipath transmission degrades significantly in the presence of path heterogeneity. The performance could even be worse than that of single-path TCP, undermining the advantage gained by using multipath transmit. Furthermore, multipath transmission also suffers from delay and jitter even with large receive buffers. In order to tolerate the path heterogeneity when the receive buffer is bounded, we propose a new multipath TCP protocol, namely SC-MPTCP, by integrating linear systematic coding into MPTCP. In SC-MPTCP, we make use of coded packets as redundancy to counter against expensive retransmissions. The redundancy is provisioned into both proactive and reactive data. Specifically, to send a generation of packets, SC-MPTCP transmits proactive redundancy first and then delivers the original packets, instead of encoding all sent-out packets as all the existing coding solutions have done. The proactive redundancy is continuously updated according to the estimated aggregate retransmission ratio. In order to avoid the proactive redundancy being underestimated, the pre-blocking warning mechanism is utilized to retrieve the reactive redundancy from the sender. We use an NS-3 network simulator to evaluate the performance of SC-MPTCP with and without the coupled congestion control option. The results show that with bounded receive buffers, MPTCP achieves less than 20% of the optimal goodput with diverse packet losses, whereas SC-MPTCP approaches the optimal performance with significantly smaller receive buffers. With the help of systematic coding, SC-MPTCP reduces the average buffer delay of MPTCP by at least 80% in different test scenarios. We also demonstrate that the use of systematic coding could significantly reduce the arithmetic complexity compared with the use of non-systematic coding.
HST P α and 1.9 µ m Imaging of Sgr A West

We present HST/NICMOS images at 0.2 ′′ resolution (Nyquist sampled in the central 19 ′′ ) of the HI P α emission line in a 70 ′′ ( α ) × 90 ′′ ( δ ) region of the Galactic center centered on the non-thermal radio source Sgr A ∗ . The majority of the emission arises from ionized gas in the mini-spiral in the central parsec. P α emission is also seen from 26 stellar sources, presumably early-type stars with mass-loss winds. The new data reveal signiﬁcant small-scale structure ( ≤ 1 ′′ ∼ 1 . 2 × 10 17 cm) in the ionized gas of the mini-spiral; low surface brightness emission features are also seen for the ﬁrst time. The ratio of observed P α emission to 6-cm radio continuum emission is used to derive an extinction map for the ionized gas over the central parsec. A V varies from 20 to 50 mag with a median value of A V = 31.1 mag, in excellent agreement with earlier estimates derived for the stellar sources. Extinctions, independently derived using H92 α recombination line data, were in excellent agreement with those derived from the 6-cm continuum. A broad minimum in the extinction extends ∼ 30 ′′ NE–SW over the area of the IRS 16 cluster, including the area of peak ﬂux in P α and radio continuum. Large increases in extinction are seen along the periphery of the ionized gas, particularly in the direction of the western arm, suggesting that the ionized gas is partially greater. The minimum Lyman continuum emission rate within 40 ′′ radius of Sgr A ∗ is 3.9 × 10 50 sec − 1 or L LyC ≃ 2 . 7 × 10 6 L ⊙ , half of this within 20 ′′ radius. The small-scale, ﬁlamentary structures in the ionized gas have a free thermal expansion time of only ∼ 3000 yrs; either magnetic ﬁelds or mass-loss winds from the hot emission line stars may contain the ionized ﬁlaments. (Eight new emission-line stars were also detected in P α .) For both the ionized gas and stellar continuum, the centroids of the emission (corrected for extinction) remain within ∼ ± 1 ′′ from a radius of 2 ′′ out to 40 ′′ ˙This provides further evidence that Sgr A ∗ (the putative central black hole) is indeed at or extremely close ( ≤ 0 . 04 pc or 1 . 2 × 10 17 cm) to the center of the Galactic nucleus stellar distribution and presumably the dynamical center of the Galaxy. The 1.9 µ m surface brightness increases inwards to 0.9 ′′ radius and exhibits a decrease or leveling oﬀ closer to Sgr A ∗ , possibly indicating the core radius of the central stellar distribution or depletion of the late-type stars by stellar collisions near the central black hole.
University of Glasgow at the Web Track of TREC 2002

The aim of our participation in the topic distillation and the named page finding tasks of the Web track is the evaluation of a well-founded modular probabilistic framework for Web Information Retrieval, which integrates content and link analyses. The link analysis component of the framework employs a new probabilistic approach, called the Absorbing Model, for calculating a measure of popularity for documents induced from the Web graph.
Pirahã Exceptionality: A Reassessment

Everett (2005) has claimed that the grammar of Pirahã is exceptional in displaying 'inexplicable gaps', that these gaps follow from a cultural principle restricting communication to 'immediate experience', and that this principle has 'severe' consequences for work on universal grammar. We argue against each of these claims. Relying on the available documentation and descriptions of the language, especially the rich material in Everett 1986, 1987b, we argue that many of the exceptional grammatical 'gaps' supposedly characteristic of Pirahã are misanalyzed by Everett (2005) and are neither gaps nor exceptional among the world's languages. We find no evidence, for example, that Pirahã lacks embedded clauses, and in fact find strong syntactic and semantic evidence in favor of their existence in Pirahã Likewise, we find no evidence that Pirahã lacks quantifiers, as claimed by Everett (2005). Furthermore, most of the actual properties of the Pirahã constructions discussed by Everett (for example, the ban on prenominal possessor recursion and the behavior of WH -constructions) are familiar from languages whose speakers lack the cultural restrictions attributed to the Pirahã. Finally, following mostly Gonçalves (1993, 2000, 2001), we also question some of the empirical claims about Pirahã culture advanced by Everett in primary support of the 'immediate experience' restriction. We conclude that there is no evidence from Pirahã for the particular causal relation between culture and grammatical structure suggested by Everett.
2009 2nd International Conference on Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System Fuzzy Evaluation on the Performance of Human Resources Management of Commercial Banks Based on Improved Algorithm

The evaluation of human resource management performance can promote commercial banks to perfect and improve human resource management comprehensively, directionally, and intentionally, which is of practical significance. The core of fuzzy evaluation on the performance of human resources management is membership degree transformation. But the existing transformation methods should be questioned, because redundant data in index membership degree is also used to compute object membership degree, which is not useful for object classification. The paper eliminated the redundant data in index membership for object classification by defining distinguishable weight and extracted valid values to compute object membership. The new algorithm of membership degree transformation includes three calculation steps which can be summarized as "effective, comparison and composition", which is denoted as M(1,2,3). The paper applied the new algorithm in fuzzy evaluation on the performance of human resources management of commercial banks. index membership, eliminate the redundant data in index membership for object classification by defining distinguishable weight and extract valid values to compute object membership. The paper will apply the new algorithm in the fuzzy evaluation on the performance of human resources management of commercial banks. II. EXISTING MEMBERSHIP DEGREE TRANSFORMATION METHODS For a hierarchical evaluation index system, if obtaining membership degree of i index belonging to C k class, it can obtain membership degree from intermediate level to top general goal Z belonging to C k class. And every membership degree transformation in every level can be summarized in the following membership transformation model: Suppose that there are m indexes which affect object Q, where the importance weights Aj(Q) of j (j = 1 ~ m) index about object Q is given and satisfies: Every index is classified into p classes. C K represents the K th class and C K is prior to C K + 1 • If the membership J.1 jK (Q) of j th index belonging to C K is given, where K = 1~ P and j = 1 ~ m ,and J.1 jK (Q) satisfies: What is the membership J.1K (Q) of object Q belonging to C K ? Obviously, whether the above transformation method is correct or not determines that the evaluation result is credible or not. For the above membership transformation, there are four transformation methods in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation:
kingroup: a program for pedigree relationship reconstruction and kin group assignments using genetic markers

kingroup is an open source java program implementing a maximum likelihood approach to pedigree relationships reconstruction and kin group assignment. kingroup implements a new method (currently being performance tested) for reconstructing groups of kin that share a common relationship by estimating an overall likelihood for alternative partitions. A number of features found in kinship (Goodnight & Queller 1999) have also been implemented to make them available outside the Classic Macintosh OS platform for the first time.
Techniques for Requirements Elicitation 1

This paper surveys and evaluates some techniques for eliciting requirements of computer-based systems, paying particular attention to how they deal with social issues. The methods surveyed include introspection, interviews, questionnaires, and protocol, conversation, interaction, and discourse analyses. Although they are relatively untried in Requirements Engineering, we believe there is much promise in the last three techniques, which grew out of ethnomethodology and sociolinguistics. In particular, they can elicit tacit knowledge by observing actual interactions in the workplace, and can also be applied to the system development process itself.