Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extrapyramidal reactions from concurrent SSRI and atypical antipsychotic use

Sir Delayed or absent ejaculation and/or orgasm is the commonest sexual side-effect of antidepressant drugs, matched only by decreased libido. Attempts to treat antidepressant-induced anorgasmia with cyproheptadine, amantadine, methylphenidate, yohimbine, dosage reduction, drug holidays and drug substitution had mixed results. We report a case of amitriptyline-induced anorgasmia reversed by switching over to nefazodone. A 31 year old married man was referred with a first episode of major depression of six months duration. Prior to the onset of depression he was sexually active. He had decreased libido and decreased frequency of sexual intercourse since the onset of the depression. His depression as well as his libido improved on treatment with amitriptyline 200mg for four weeks. However, he was unable to attain ejaculation/orgasm even after trying for 30 minutes and caused his wife genital soreness. This increased the strain on their marriage which was already affected by his depression. Therefore we stopped the amitriptyline and commenced him on nefazodone. Six weeks after being on nefazodone 400mg/day, he reported complete return of normal sexual functioning while his depression remained in remission. This is the first report of successful reversal of antidepressant-induced anorgasmia by substitution with nefazodone. Nefazodone inhibits serotonin reuptake and blocks 5-HT2 receptors, resulting in the facilitation of 5HT|A neurotransmission. Both 5-HT2 blockers 1 and 5-HT1A agonists 2 facilitate male rat sexual behaviour. This may explain the reports of nefazodone causing spontaneous ejaculations' and correcting sertraline-induced anorgasmia when used as an adjunct. ' All antidepressant drugs have the potential to cause sexual side-effects which can cause distress, impair quality of life and reduce compliance with treatment. An adverse effect in one patient may be used beneficially in another.
Dose assessment for the fetus considering scattered and secondary radiation from photon and proton therapy when treating a brain tumor of the mother

The goal of this work was to determine the scattered photon dose and secondary neutron dose and resulting risk for the sensitive fetus from photon and proton radiotherapy when treating a brain tumor during pregnancy. Anthropomorphic pregnancy phantoms with three stages (3-, 6-, 9-month) based on ICRP reference parameters were implemented in Monte Carlo platform TOPAS, to evaluate the scattered dose and secondary neutron dose and dose equivalent. To evaluate the dose equivalent, dose averaged quality factors were considered for neutrons. This study compared three treatment modalities: passive scattering and pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PPT and PBS) and 6-MV 3D conformal photon therapy. The results show that, for 3D conformal photon therapy, the scattered photon dose equivalent to the fetal body increases from 0.011 to 0.030 mSv per treatment Gy with increasing stage of gestation. For PBS, the neutron dose equivalent to the fetal body was significantly lower, i.e. increasing from 1.5 × 10−3 to 2.5 × 10−3 mSv per treatment Gy with increasing stage of gestation. For PPT, the neutron dose equivalent of the fetus decreases from 0.17 to 0.13 mSv per treatment Gy with the growing fetus. The ratios of dose equivalents to the fetus for a 52.2 Gy(RBE) course of radiation therapy to a typical CT scan of the mother’s head ranged from 3.4–4.4 for PBS, 30–41 for 3D conformal photon therapy and 180–500 for PPT, respectively. The attained dose to a fetus from the three modalities is far lower than the thresholds of malformation, severe mental retardation and lethal death. The childhood cancer excessive absolute risk was estimated using a linear no-threshold dose-response relationship. The risk would be 1.0 (95% CI: 0.6, 1.6) and 0.1 (95% CI: −0.01, 0.52) in 105 for the 9-month fetus for PBS with a prescribed dose of 52.2 Gy(RBE). The increased risks for PPT and photon therapy are about two and one orders of magnitude larger than that for PBS, respectively. We can conclude that a pregnant woman with a brain tumor could be treated with pencil beam scanning with acceptable risks to the fetus.
Young adult children of alcoholic fathers: depressive experiences, coping styles, and family systems.

College students with alcoholic fathers (adult children of alcoholics, ACA; n = 84) and with nonalcoholic parents (n = 123) were studied with regard to perceptions of their families, depressive experiences, and coping styles within a developmental model of depression that focuses on object representations (Blatt, 1974). Eight measures were used. Multivariate analyses of variance showed that ACAs differed in family perceptions (p less than .0001), with paternal inconsistency discriminating most effectively between groups. As predicted, ACAs exhibited greater introjective depression (p less than .01) but no increase in anaclitic depression. Also, ACAs relied more on aggressive defenses (p less than .01). Findings demonstrate that young adult children of alcoholic fathers manifest distinct, identifiable emotional characteristics and suggest that Blatt's model of depression may provide a useful theoretical context for understanding certain effects of paternal alcoholism.
The Thermal Stability of Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Copper for Fluxless Soldering Applications

The ability of alkanethiol monolayers deposited on copper to prevent surface oxidation has suggested their application as preservatives for fluxless soldering. However, the utility of such coatings for this purpose will critically depend on their ability to continue to preserve the substrate during exposure to elevated temperatures throughout the electronics manufacturing process. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to systematically determine the effect of storage temperature and duration on the ability of alkanethiol coated copper samples to undergo fluxless soldering. Similarly, the effect of pre-heating copper immediately prior to soldering is also investigated. The effect of reducing atmospheric oxygen concentration during storage and soldering is also considered as a potential route to improve the thermal resilience of the coatings. Parallel to ascertaining these industrially relevant performance parameters, a quantitative correlation between surface chemistry and solder wetting is established, and the temperature dependence of the kinetics of surface oxidation through an alkanethiol barrier layer is discussed.
Lymphatic Tissue Fibrosis Is Associated with Reduced Numbers of Naïve CD4+ T Cells in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

ABSTRACT The organized structure of lymphatic tissues (LTs) constitutes a microenvironment referred to as a niche that plays a critical role in immune system homeostasis by promoting cellular interactions and providing access to cytokines and growth factors on which cells are dependent for survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, immune activation and inflammation result in collagen deposition and disruption of this LT niche. We have previously shown that these fibrotic changes correlate with a reduction in the size of the total population of CD4+ T cells. We now show that this reduction is most substantial within the naïve CD4+ T-cell population and is in proportion to the extent of LT collagen deposition in HIV-1 infection. Thus, the previously documented depletion of naïve CD4+ T cells in LTs in HIV-1 infection may be a consequence not only of a decreased supply of thymic emigrants or chronic immune activation but also of the decreased ability of those cells to survive in a scarred LT niche. We speculate that LT collagen deposition might therefore limit repopulation of naïve CD4+ T cells with highly active antiretroviral therapy, and thus, additional treatments directed to limiting or reversing inflammatory damage to the LT niche could potentially improve immune reconstitution.
Dynamic Resonant Matching Method for a Wireless Power Transmission Receiver

Wireless power transmission systems can be optimized by matching the resonance frequency of a receiver. However, in certain applications, such as, e.g., a multireceiver system, it is desired to match the individual resonance frequencies of the receiver to a fixed (e.g., common) operation frequency. In this publication, a method is proposed to match the resonant frequency dynamically without changing the physical value of the components. Instead, it is changed “virtually” by a method, which is named “frozen resonance state” by the author. The basic idea is to maintain the state of a resonant circuit (to “freeze” the state) for a fraction of the resonant period, e.g., by freewheeling the current of the resonant inductor or maintaining the voltage of the resonant capacitor. This additional time extends virtually the resonant period leading to an effective lower resonant frequency. By adjusting the additional time, the effective resonant frequency can be matched to the operation frequency individually for each receiver. This publication explains the basic idea more in detail and gives an overview of the different possible circuit topologies. Furthermore, the method is applied to an exemplary receiver of a capacitive wireless power transmission system, where measurements are presented.
Deadzone compensation in discrete time using adaptive fuzzy logic

A deadzone compensator inverse approach is designed for control of nonlinear discrete-time systems using a fuzzy logic (FL) controller. The classification property of FL systems makes them a natural candidate for the rejection of errors induced by the deadzone, which has regions in which it behaves differently. A discrete-time tuning algorithm is given for the FL parameters so that the deadzone compensation scheme becomes adaptive, guaranteeing small tracking errors and bounded parameter estimates. A rigorous proof of stability and performance is given and a simulation example verifies performance. Unlike standard discrete-time adaptive control techniques, no certainty equivalence assumption is needed.
Is an assay for simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen and antibody a valuable alternative to nucleic acid testing?

BACKGROUND: A new enzyme immunoassay based on the simultaneous detection of nucleocapsid proteins of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and anti‐HCV (Monolisa HCV antigen‐antibody Ultra, Bio‐Rad) was evaluated as an alternative to nucleic acid testing (NAT) for the diagnosis of HCV infection during the window period in blood donations.
Is the Malaysian telecommunication industry ready for knowledge management implementation?

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the perceived importance and actual level of implementation of five preliminary success factors, four knowledge management (KM) strategies and three KM processes towards the performance of the Malaysian telecommunication industry.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted on telecommunication companies based on a convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed using paired t‐tests and multiple regression analyses.FindingsThe results show that Malaysian telecommunication organizations view all the KM preliminary success factors, strategies and process as important and critical but fall short of implementation. K Audit, K Map, leadership, measurement, construction and embodiment are the variables that have the largest gap between perceived importance and actual implementation. For perceived importance, culture is the only important variable associated with organizational performance whereas for actual implementation, both business strategy and construction process are found to be significantly associated with organizational performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper was conducted in only one industry in Malaysia. Furthermore, it focuses on KM implementation rather than on learning and knowledge utilization. This paper provides a framework for developing an instrument for assessing the use of preliminary elements in the Malaysian telecommunication industry. Telecommunication organizations have to overcome problems identified and enhance their implementation level in order to achieve better organizational performance.Originality/valueThis paper has extended knowledge in KM, especially concerning implementation issues at the beginning stage of KM. Moreover, it is among the first empirical work to specifically examine preliminary success factors, processes and strategies that affect the preliminary implementation of KM.
The Exact Path Length Problem

We study a problem related to finding shortest paths in weighted graphs. We ask whether or not there is a path between two nodes that has a given total cost k. The edge weights of the graph can be both positive and negative integers or even integer vectors. We show that many variants of this problem are NP-complete. We develop a pseudo-polynomial algorithm for (both positive and negative) integer weights. The running time of this algorithm is O(W2n3+|k| min(|k|,W)n2), where n is the number of nodes in the graph, W is the largest absolute value of any edge weight, and k is the target cost. The algorithm is based on preprocessing the graph with a relaxation algorithm to eliminate the effects of weight sign alternations along a path. This preprocessing stage is applicable to other problems as well. For example, we show how to find the minimum absolute cost of any path between two given nodes in a graph with integer weights in O(W2n3) time.
A study on the estimation of performance of the concept-based information retrieval model for searching the Web

This paper examines the possibilities of improving the performance of the concept-based information retrieval model on web documents. In order to address this performance issue, an experiment was conducted by applying the concept exploration algorithm in collecting a large number of resources from the Internet and accessing them using keyword retrieval techniques in a large knowledge network. The result of this experiment revealed that the concept-based retrieval technique showed much better performance than other retrieval techniques on randomly selected web documents.
ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL IN PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS, STEVIA REBAUDIANA AND GINKGO BILOBA

Plants produce a diverse range of bioactive molecules, making them rich source of different types of medicines. In the present study the, In vitro antibacterial activity of 3 medicinal plants viz., Parthenium hysterophorus, Stevia rebaudiana and Ginkgo biloba were evaluated by using different solvent extracts. The extracts were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus spp. , and Staphylococcus aureus by using agar well diffusion method. Azithromycin and cepaxim were used as standard antibiotics. Some of the solvent extracts of the plant showed the highest activity against some bacteria than standard antibiotics used. The findings provide support for the use of these plants in traditional medicine.
Requirement change management for global software development using ontology

Success of any software project depends on the requirements. Change in requirements at any time during the software development life cycle is considered as a healthy activity. However, managing this change in a collocated environment is relatively easier than the environment where stakeholders are scattered at more than one site. This creates ambiguity among the stakeholders, meanwhile giving rise to knowledge sharing, knowledge representation and communication challenges. Therefore, ontology can be used to minimize ambiguities among the stakeholders. We have used a case study to evaluate the developed ontology.
Differential expression of otoferlin in brain, vestibular system, immature and mature cochlea of the rat

Mutations of the human otoferlin gene lead to an autosomal recessive nonsyndromic form of prelingual, sensorineural deafness (deafness autosomal recessive 9, DFNB9). Several studies have demonstrated expression of otoferlin in the inner ear and brain, and suggested a role of otoferlin in Ca2+‐triggered exocytosis. So far, otoferlin expression profiles were solely based on the detection of mRNA. Here, we analysed the expression of otoferlin protein and mRNA using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and RT‐PCR in neonatal and mature Wistar rat tissue. In agreement with previous studies, otoferlin expression was found in the brain and in inner and vestibular hair cells. Otoferlin mRNA and protein was, however, also detected in mature outer hair cells of low‐frequency processing cochlear turns and in auditory nerve fibres. In outer, inner and vestibular hair cells, otoferlin was subcellularly localized at a considerable distance from the presumed active release sites. Double‐staining with the synaptic ribbon marker, C‐terminal binding protein 2 (CtBP2), or the presynaptic Ca2+‐channel, Cav1.3, both assumed to mark the sites of vesicle fusion and transmitter release, did not colocalize with otoferlin expression and thus do not necessarily support a selected role of otoferlin in Ca2+‐triggered exocytosis. The widespread distribution of otoferlin in neurons, nerve fibres and hair cells, and its subcellular distribution extending beyond the regions of synaptic vesicle fusion, i.e. coenrichment with the cytosolic Golgi matrix protein 130 (GM130) in inner hair cells or the early endosomal autoantigen 1 (EEA1) in outer hair cells support instead the idea of a more ubiquitous role of otoferlin in early/recycling endosome trans‐Golgi network dynamics.
Detecting gene conversion: primate visual pigment genes

The effects of gene conversion can be detected in the DNA sequences of multigene families. We develop a permutation test of the significance of patterns of sequence mismatches, and apply it to the sequences of the red- and green-sensitive visual pigment genes of human and the Diana monkey. Whereas conventional tests of the rate of sequence divergence are equivocal, the permutation test convincingly excludes divergence in the absence of gene conversion (p = 10-6).
Economic burden of injuries in South Korea

Background Studies on the cost of injury are useful in setting research and policy priorities and it is valuable to observe differences in the economic burden of injuries across countries. Objective To estimate the treated prevalence rate, economic burden and gender- and age-specific costs of injuries in Korea in 2006. Design Annual direct healthcare costs associated with injuries were estimated from the National Health Insurance, Medical Aid and Automobile Insurance databases. Annual direct non-health costs were estimated for transport and caregiver's costs. Indirect costs were estimated for premature death, absence from work and disability. Costs were adjusted to 2006 levels using the healthcare component of the Consumer Price Index. Main outcome measures Prevalence-based direct costs, incidence-based indirect costs and total costs for injuries, stratified by gender, age group and type of injury. Results The treated prevalence rate of injury in 2006 of the Korean population was 26.5 per 100, resulting in an annual economic burden of $39 837 million ($4703 million in direct and $35 134 million in indirect costs). The cost of medical treatment associated with injuries accounted for 9.5% of the total health expenditure in Korea. The cost of premature death was the largest contributor to the total and automobile-related injuries accounted for 30.3% of total costs. Conclusions The estimates were considerably understated because they did not include losses in household production and quality of life. Nevertheless, the size and main components of the injury burden were identified; this information should aid decision-making about research priorities and improve monitoring of the effects of policy initiatives.
Nonparametric State-Price Density Estimation using High Frequency Data

This paper studies the use of high frequency data to estimate the state-price density (SPD) implicit in option prices. Their large sample size allows estimation of the conditional SPD at any time point of interest, which can be directly used for model-free pricing and hedging and for computing market-implied conditional risk measures. We develop asymptotic theory for a time-varying kernel estimator when the trading times are modelled by point processes whose intensity goes to infinity. The pricing errors and strike prices are mixing, locally stationary time series, which can be weakly dependent with the trading times. Unlike realized volatility estimation, the market microstructural noise in recorded option prices is averaged out and there is no need to subsample the data. We apply the estimator to S&P 500 E-mini European call and put option mid quotes using an iterated plug-in bandwidth, and document the intraday dynamics of the SPD and derived quantities.
Mach: A New Kernel Foundation for UNIX Development

Mach is a multiprocessor operating system kernel and environment under development at Carnegie Mellon University. Mach provides a new foundation for UNIX development that spans networks of uniprocessors and multiprocessors. This paper describes Mach and the motivations that led to its design. Also described are some of the details of its implementation and current status.
Ultrasonographic correlates of carotid atherosclerosis in transient ischemic attack and stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atherosclerotic plaques in extracranial carotid arteries, particularly in the bifurcation of the common carotid and internal carotid arteries, may cause transient cerebral ischemia and stroke by lumen stenosis or plaque-related thromboembolism. B-mode ultrasound imaging has the capability of providing information on plaque thickness, characteristics, and location in carotid arteries. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 242 stroke and 336 transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients, recruited for the B-Scan Ultrasound Imaging Assessment Program, was performed to determine the ultrasonographic correlates of carotid atherosclerosis and acute cerebral ischemia. A matched case-control study design was used to compare brain hemispheres with ischemic lesions ("cases") to unaffected contralateral hemispheres ("controls") with regard to the presence and characteristics of carotid artery plaques. RESULTS The first set of analyses examined the association between the presence of carotid plaques ipsilateral to the brain lesion and the occurrence of stroke or TIA and showed an association with recent episodes of TIA and stroke (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; P = .03) but not with past episodes. In a subset (n = 232) of patients with plaques in both carotid arteries and recent cerebral ischemic events, stroke was associated with ipsilateral carotid artery occlusion (P = .02). Lumen measurements at the site of the minimum residual lumen (MRL) diameter showed a significant association between a narrower lumen diameter in the carotid artery ipsilateral to case hemisphere and stroke (difference, 1.0 mm; P = .0003). TIA patients showed an association between both hypoechoic carotid plaques (OR, 3.0; P = .005) and the presence of longitudinal lesion motion (OR, 3.0; P = .02) with ipsilateral brain involvement. Plaque thickness at the MRL was positively correlated with both ipsilateral TIA (ipsilateral side, 4.4 +/- 0.15 mm; contralateral side, 3.9 +/- 0.16 mm; P = .007) and stroke (ipsilateral side, 4.2 +/- 0.23 mm; contralateral side, 3.3 +/- 0.21 mm; P = .0006). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate significant relationships between carotid artery ultrasound plaque characteristics and ischemic cerebrovascular events. These findings encourage further prospective studies in asymptomatic subjects focused on echographic carotid plaque characteristics as predictors of subsequent TIA or stroke.