Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term effects of the Dutch Schoolgruiten Project – promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among primary-school children

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the long-term effects of the Schoolgruiten Project, a Dutch primary school-based intervention providing free fruit and vegetables (F&V). In addition, we assessed whether children’s appreciation of the project mediated these intervention effects. Design and methods Participating schoolchildren (mean age 9·9 years at baseline) and their parents completed parallel questionnaires at baseline, at 1-year and at 2-year follow-up, including questions on usual F&V intake of the child, potential behavioural determinants, their appreciation of the project and general demographics. Primary outcomes were usual F&V intakes as assessed by parent and child self-reported food frequency measures. Secondary outcome measures were taste preference, knowledge of daily recommendations, availability and accessibility for fruit intake. Multilevel linear regression analyses were used to assess differences at second follow-up adjusted for baseline values between control and intervention groups. Subjects Reports were available for 346 intervention children (148 parents) and 425 control children (287 parents). Results Both child and parent reports indicated that the intervention group had a significantly higher fruit intake at 2-year follow-up (difference, servings/d: 0·15; 95 % CI 0·004, 0·286 for child reports; 0·19; 95 % CI 0·030, 0·340 for parent reports). No significant effects on vegetable intake were observed. Significant positive intervention effects were also found for knowledge of fruit recommendations among boys. Some evidence was found for partial mediation analyses of the effects on fruit intake. Conclusion The present study indicates that the Schoolgruiten scheme was effective in increasing children’s fruit intake and that appreciation of the project partially mediated this effect.
An innovative bidirectional isolated multi-port converter with multi-phase AC ports and DC ports

This paper presents an innovative bidirectional isolated multi-port converter with multi-phase AC ports and DC ports, which is a key element of Solid-State Transformers (SST) utilized for example in a wind energy generation system. The multi-port converter allows the direct coupling of the three-phase AC system of the power generator with the three-phase AC utility grid and an additional DC storage unit applying a single high-frequency transformer structure. The topology is stackable and hence, single converter modules can be connected in series at the input/output ports for medium or high voltage or in parallel for low voltage applications. The converter is operated utilizing a time-varying phase-shift control to draw or inject sinusoidal currents with a corresponding amplitude and phase at the AC ports. The topology, its operating principle including the theoretical analysis and simulation results of a prototype system are provided.
Time to Get Re-Organized! The Structure of the Portuguese Anti-Austerity Protests

Social movement research often focusses on phases of success and large protest events. By contrast, taking an interest in the question of how organizational change occurs within social movements, this study points out the importance of phases of low protest activity. The organizational structure of the Portuguese anti-austerity protests provides a thought-provoking case, as large protests organized by civil society actors other than the trade unions were a novelty in 2011. Furthermore, there are long periods of absence of large protests, and the organizational structure of the protests has undergone significant changes. Based on fieldwork in Portugal between September 2011 and March 2013, I differentiate between four phases in the organization of protests against austerity. I argue that it is mainly times of low degrees of activism – times that are rarely taken into account by social movement research – that lead to radical changes in the organizational structure of a social movement. The impact of the following factors on the direction of change is analyzed: (a) strategic choice; (b) values and normative commitments; (c) (potential) alliances and participants; (d) inspiration from other cases of social movement activism; and (e) learning processes, the history of social movements and the impact of memory.
Simplified trellis decoding of block codes by selective pruning

As channel conditions improve we can augment data throughput by using error-correcting codes with higher coding rates. However at these rates convolutional codes suffer from performance loss due to puncturing and can be difficult to implement. On the other hand the trellis based decoding of block codes is computationally intensive. For this reason we introduce an innovative method of simplifying the decoding of block codes by way of selective trellis pruning. This algorithm can produce quasioptimal results with only a fraction of the operations required by conventional methods. We also introduce a way of obtaining a pruned trellis directly from a simplified generator matrix. By using this method one can avoid the construction and pruning of full trellises, which for some codes can be extremely large, thus simplifying decoding even further.
Adequate reverse engineering

Reverse engineering a program constructs a high-level representation suitable for various software development purposes such as documentation or reengineering. Unfortunately however, there are no established guidelines to assess the adequacy of such a representation. We propose two such criteria, completeness and accuracy, and show how they can be determined during the course of reversing the representation. A representation is successfully reversed when it is given as input to a suitable code generator, and a program equivalent to the original is produced. To explore this idea, we reverse engineer a small but complex numerical application, represent our understanding using algebraic specifications, and then use a code generator to produce code from the specification. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the approach as well as alternative approaches to reverse engineering adequacy.
CDE-IIITH at SemEval-2016 Task 12: Extraction of Temporal Information from Clinical documents using Machine Learning techniques

In this paper, we demonstrate our approach for identiﬁcation of events, time expressions and temporal relations among them. This work was carried out as part of SemEval-2016 Challenge Task 12: Clinical TempEval. The task comprises six sub-tasks: identiﬁcation of event spans, time spans and their attributes, document time relation and the narrative container relations among events and time expressions. We have participated in all six sub-tasks. We have provided with a manually annotated dataset which comprises of training dataset (293 documents), development dataset (147 documents) and 151 documents as test dataset. We have submitted our work as two systems for the challenge. One system is developed using machine learning techniques, Conditional Random Fields (CRF) and Support Vector machines (SVM) and the other system is developed using deep neural network (DNN) techniques. The results show that both systems have given relatively same performance on these tasks.
Residents’ support for festivals: integration of emotional solidarity

ABSTRACT This study develops a conceptual model by integrating social exchange theory (SET), emotional solidarity theory, and community attachment. Empirically, the study tests the adequacy of the model in predicting residents’ perceptions of and their support for festival development in Macao. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are used for data analysis. Results indicate that residents’ perceived positive festival impacts are influenced by emotional solidarity and community attachment; and their support for festival development can be influenced by their emotional solidarity, community attachment, and perceived festival impacts, both positive and negative. However, the relationship between emotional solidarity and perceived negative impacts is found to be not significant. While the results extend support for SET, as well as theory of emotional solidarity, the findings also show that community attachment is one important determinant of residents’ perceptions of and their support for festival development. The findings also shed light on practical implications for festival planers and organizers.
Manufactured Nanomaterials (Fullerenes, C60) Induce Oxidative Stress in the Brain of Juvenile Largemouth Bass

Although nanotechnology has vast potential in uses such as fuel cells, microreactors, drug delivery devices, and personal care products, it is prudent to determine possible toxicity of nanotechnology-derived products before widespread use. It is likely that nanomaterials can affect wildlife if they are accidentally released into the environment. The fullerenes are one type of manufactured nanoparticle that is being produced by tons each year, and initially uncoated fullerenes can be modified with biocompatible coatings. Fullerenes are lipophilic and localize into lipid-rich regions such as cell membranes in vitro, and they are redox active. Other nano-sized particles and soluble metals have been shown to selectively translocate into the brain via the olfactory bulb in mammals and fish. Fullerenes (C60) can form aqueous suspended colloids (nC60); the question arises of whether a redox-active, lipophilic molecule could cause oxidative damage in an aquatic species. The goal of this study was to investigate oxyradical-induced lipid and protein damage, as well as impacts on total glutathione (GSH) levels, in largemouth bass exposed to nC60. Significant lipid peroxidation was found in brains of largemouth bass after 48 hr of exposure to 0.5 ppm uncoated nC60. GSH was also marginally depleted in gills of fish, and nC60 increased water clarity, possibly due to bactericidal activity. This is the first study showing that uncoated fullerenes can cause oxidative damage and depletion of GSH in vivo in an aquatic species. Further research needs to be done to evaluate the potential toxicity of manufactured nanomaterials, especially with respect to translocation into the brain.
A Modified MAP Turbo Decoding Algorithm

In this paper, an improved maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) turbo decoding algorithm is proposed. This algorithm reduces the computational complexity however is exactly equivalent to the MAP turbo decoding. Then we extend the new algorithm for log-MAP. We also present some complexity comparison to show that the modified algorithm requires fewer computation than MAP. As a practical example forming the basis for simulations, we consider a parallel concatenated trellis-coded modulation (PCTCM). The simulation results prove that our simplified algorithm is equivalent to the log-MAP algorithm in term of the performance
On the Truth Value of Complex Hypotheses

In this paper, the relationship between the credibility of a complex hypothesis, H, and those of its constituent elementary hypotheses, Hj, j=1.k, is analyzed, in the independent setup, under the full Bayesian significance testing (FBST) mathematical apparatus. The questions addressed concern the important issue of how the truth value of H, and the truth function of the corresponding FBST structure M, relate to the truth values of its elementary constituents, Hj, and to the truth functions of their corresponding FBST structures Mj
Collision avoidance path planning for the 6-DOF robotic manipulator

This paper proposes a solution of collision avoidance path planning for the 6-degree of freedom (6-DOF) robotic manipulator based on the virtualized platform. It can effectively avoid danger by consider the planned path whether collide with other modules through the digital simulation. This technology includes: (1) collision detection, (2) avoidance path planning. The models of existing obstacles and 6-DOF robotic manipulator in the work-space are firstly created. The collision detection is further realized through the created models. Then, an optimal avoidance path is obtained by the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) algorithm, but it involves many redundant vertexes. This paper proposes the Reduce Vertex RRT algorithm (RVRRT) to decrease the redundant vertex. Therefore, the collision avoidance path can increase the productivity when the 6-DOF robotic manipulator is applied in the production line.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mpt5p interacts with Sst2p and plays roles in pheromone sensitivity and recovery from pheromone arrest

SST2 plays an important role in the sensitivity of yeast cells to pheromone and in recovery from pheromone-induced G1 arrest. Recently, a family of Sst2p homologs that act as GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits has been identified. We have identified an interaction between Sst2p and the previously identified Mpt5p by using the two-hybrid system. Loss of Mpt5p function resulted in a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype, an increase in pheromone sensitivity, and a defect in recovery from pheromone-induced G1 arrest, although the effects on pheromone response and recovery were mild in comparison to those of sst2 mutants. Overexpression of either Sst2p or Mpt5p promoted recovery from G1 arrest. Promotion of recovery by overexpression of Mpt5p required Sst2p, but the effect of overexpression of Sst2p was only partially dependent on Mpt5p. Mpt5p was also found to interact with the mitogen-activated protein kinase homologs Fus3p and Kss1p, and an mpt5 mutation was able to suppress the pheromone arrest and mating defects of a fus3 mutant. Because either mpt5 or cln3 mutations suppressed the fus3 phenotypes, interactions of Mpt5p with the G1 cyclins and Cdc28p were tested. An interaction between Mpt5p and Cdc28p was detected. We discuss these results with respect to a model in which Sst2p plays a role in pheromone sensitivity and recovery that acts through Mpt5p in addition to a role as a G alpha GAP suggested by the analysis of the Sst2p homologs.
Multiple σEcfG and NepR Proteins Are Involved in the General Stress Response in Methylobacterium extorquens

In Alphaproteobacteria, the general stress response (GSR) is controlled by a conserved partner switch composed of the sigma factor σEcfG, its anti-sigma factor NepR and the anti-sigma factor antagonist PhyR. Many species possess paralogues of one or several components of the system, but their roles remain largely elusive. Among Alphaproteobacteria that have been genome-sequenced so far, the genus Methylobacterium possesses the largest number of σEcfG proteins. Here, we analyzed the six σEcfG paralogues of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. We show that these sigma factors are not truly redundant, but instead exhibit major and minor contributions to stress resistance and GSR target gene expression. We identify distinct levels of regulation for the different sigma factors, as well as two NepR paralogues that interact with PhyR. Our results suggest that in M. extorquens AM1, ecfG and nepR paralogues have diverged in order to assume new roles that might allow integration of positive and negative feedback loops in the regulatory system. Comparison of the core elements of the GSR regulatory network in Methylobacterium species provides evidence for high plasticity and rapid evolution of the GSR core network in this genus.
Validation of Hepascore as a Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Introduction. Liver biopsy is an invasive determinator for hepatic fibrosis. Serum biomarkers can probably be used as an alternative to liver biopsy in assessment of the degree of fibrosis in patients with chronic Hepatitis C. Method. Eighty patients with chronic Hepatitis C were included in the study using simple nonrandom sampeling metod. After fulfillment of liver biopsy, the patients were categorized according to the METAVIR Scoring system. The Hepascore algorithm is computed based on age, sex, and the serum levels of total bilirubin, δ-glutamyl transferase, α2-Macroglobulin, and hyaluronic acid. The spearman and ROC tests were used. Results. According to the liver biopsy results, 12, 25, 20, 7 and 16 patients had F0, F1, F2, F3, and F4, respectively. With regard to the 0.34 cut-off point Hepascore had 67%, 56%, 64%, and 56% sensitivity, specificity, respectively, positive prediction value (PPV), and negative prediction value (NPV), respectively, for diagnosis of significant fibrosis. For a Hepascore cut-off point 0.61, sensitivity, specificity, respectively, PPV and NPB 82%, 86%, 70%, and 92% in diagnosis of severe fibrosis. For a Hepascore cut-off point 0.84, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPB were respectively 100%, 97%, 89%, and 100% for diagnosis of cirrhosis. Conclusion. Hepascore has a high value in diagnosis of the level of fibrosis, particularly cirrhosis. Therefore, it can be used for primary screening of patients to determine the need for liver biopsy.
Multimachine Power System Stabilizer based on Optimal Fuzzy PID with Genetic Algorithm Tuning

This paper presented PSS (Power system stabilizer) design based on Genetic Algorithm - Fuzzy PID (Proportional Integral and derivative) or GAFPID. GAFPID based PSS design is considered for multimachine power system. The main motivation for this design is to stabilize or to control low-frequency oscillation and terminal voltage of power systems. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed for the optimization of the parameter of stabilizer. By minimizing an objective function in which the oscillatory speed deviation of the generator, small signal and large signal performance of the system is improved. The effectiveness of the proposed PSS in increasing the damping of system electromechanical oscillation is demonstrated in a simple two-area power system.
Generating test suites for software load testing

Three automatic test case generation algorithms intended to test the resource allocation of telecommunications software systems are introduced. Although these techniques were specifically designed for testing telecommunications software, they can be used to generate test cases for any software system that is modelable by a Markov chain. In addition, three new stochastic measures of effectiveness are presented to be used to assess these algorithms. Each of these measures is a variant of a mutation score, but incorporates the association of a probability y coefficient with each mutant, These algorithms have been used successfully to perform load testing for some real industrial software systems. We present empirical results for five such systems. Early experience with the algorithms indicate that they are highly effective at detecting subtle faults that would have been likely to be missed if load testing had been done in the more traditional way, using hand-crafted test cases.
Mobile Devices as an Extension to the Wireless Infrastructure

Current capabilities of mobile handheld devices introduce them to new roles that were not possible less than a few years ago. In this paper, we look at personal mobile devices as an extension to the wireless infrastructure in environments that lack complete infrastructure coverage. We discuss various roles that these devices can play, starting with setting the devices as Internet relays that provide access to other devices not in range of the infrastructure access points. We then investigate server-like functionalities, in which the devices act as communication proxies or information caches in subnets disconnected from the rest of the network. We describe in detail the system architecture and an experimental implementation of these functionalities focusing on the practical issues of building the collective system.
Should I contribute to this discussion?

Development mailing lists play a central role in facilitating communication in open source projects. Since these lists frequently host design and project discussions, knowledgeable contribution to these discussion threads is essential to avoid mis-communication that might slow-down the progress of a project. However, given the sheer volume of emails on these lists, it is easy to miss important discussions. To find out how developers are able to deal with mailing list discussions, we study the main factors that encourage developers to contribute to the development mailing lists. We develop personalized models to automatically identify discussion threads that a developer would contribute to based on his previous contribution behavior. Case studies on development mailing lists of three open source projects (Apache, PostgreSQL and Python) show that the average accuracy of our models is 89–85% and that the models vary significantly between different developers.
Improved AOMDV to increase path stability by utilizing the node mobility information in MANET

In MANET, the nodes, configuring a path, act as routers with various mobilities. If the path is broken by nodes' moving, a new path has to be found again. For this reason, the node with high mobility should be excluded from configuring a path as far as possible. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which excludes nodes with high mobility from constructing a path by collecting and managing the information of mobility. As the result, the proposed algorithm provides more stable paths. In this algorithm, we appends MRecord Field and Relieve Field in the routing table to collect and manage the mobility information by extending current AOMDV In addition, we add Mbl Field to RREP (Route Reply) message to adapt the collected information to configure the path. The performance of the proposed protocol is analyzed, and it is compared with the existing AOMDV by using the ns-2 simulator.
A unified approach to enhance the performance of ZRP for MANETs on an urban terrain

In this paper, we unified two new algorithms, i.e., to selectively Bordercast the control packets in order to reduce the network load by limiting the number of control packets when ZRP searches for a new route. The second algorithm is proposed to optimize the performance of Query control mechanisms for the Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) for mobile ad hoc networks for communication on an urban terrain. ZRP proactively maintains routing information for a local neighbourhood (routing zone), while reactively acquiring routes to destinations beyond the routing zone. This hybrid routing approach can be more efficient than traditional Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) framework. However, without proper query control techniques, the ZRP cannot provide the expected reduction in the control traffic. Our proposed algorithm enhances the structure of the routing zone to provide enhanced detection and prevention of overlapping queries. These techniques can be applied to single or multiple channel mobile adhoc networks to improve both the delay and control traffic performance of ZRP. Our new algorithm allows ZRP to provide routes to all accessible network nodes, with less control traffic than purely proactive link state or purely reactive route discovery, and with less delay than conventional flood searching. The performance evaluation via simulations using a well known simulator QualNet version 5.0 shows that the new approach has better performance than the traditional ZRP.
PHASE-CHANGE BASED TUNING FOR AUTOMATIC CHORD RECOGNITION

This paper focuses on automatic extraction of acoustic chord sequences from a piece of music. Firstly, the evaluation of a set of different windowing methods for Discrete Fourier Transform is investigated in terms of their efficiency. Then, a new tuning solution is introduced, based on a method developed in the past for phase vocoder. Pitch class profile vectors, that represent harmonic information, are extracted from the given audio signal. The resulting chord sequence is obtained by running a Viterbi decoder on trained hidden Markov models. We performed several experiments using the proposed technique. Results obtained on 175 manually-labeled songs provided an accuracy that is comparable to the state of the art.