Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The utility of Pax‐2 as an immunohistochemical marker for renal cell carcinoma in cytopathology

Pax‐2 is a homeogene expressed during kidney development. Its expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been previously evaluated in histologic samples with a high sensitivity and specificity. Here, we investigated the utility of Pax‐2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) for RCC in cytologic material, in comparison with a variety of other neoplasms. Pax‐2 IHC was performed on cell block sections of 33 RCCs (14 primary, 19 metastatic) and 35 non‐RCC malignancies, including 26 carcinomas, five mesenchymal tumors, one neuroblastoma, two melanomas, and one lymphoma, from fine‐needle aspirations and body fluids. The presence or absence of nuclear staining and its intensity and distribution in positive cases were evaluated. Of 33 RCCs, Pax‐2 was positive in 20 (61%) and negative in 13 (39%). All staining was nuclear, with an admixture of weakly or strongly staining nuclei. Only an endometrial adenocarcinoma was positive in the non‐RCC group. The sensitivity and specificity of Pax‐2 IHC for RCC were 61 and 97%, respectively. Pax‐2 is a moderately sensitive and highly specific marker for RCC in cytologic material, with a lower sensitivity compared with tissue sections, likely due to a patchy expression pattern, and should be included in the immunohistochemical work‐up of malignancies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2008;36:473–477. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intelligent traffic signaling system

Traffic congestion has become a major problem in every large city of the world. To ensure a reliable transportation system it is important to have an intelligent traffic control system. The very first step to do that is to acquire traffic data. Traffic data may be acquired from different methods. However in recent days image processing techniques has been very important and promising topic to deal with traffic related problems because of its ease of maintenance and being more intelligent system. Most of the work detects edge of the vehicles and counts the number of traffic on the road. The disadvantage of the method is that counting the number of vehicles may give faulty results when space between the vehicles on the road are very small (i.e. two cars very close to each other may be counted as one vehicle). In this the proposed method firstly, compute the amount of area occupied by vehicles on the road rather than finding number of vehicles. The greater the amount of area occupied by vehicles on the road the greater the amount of traffic congestion. This way every kind of vehicles can be accounted for traffic density. Using this traffic data, the proposed model automatically controls the traffic signalling in a sequential manner depending on the amount of traffic on the road.
32nm high-density high-speed T-RAM embedded memory technology

Thyristor Random Access Memory (T-RAM) is an ideal candidate for application as an embedded memory due to its substantially better density vs. performance tradeoff and logic process compatibility [1–3]. T-RAM memory embedded in a 32nm logic process with read and write times of 1ns and a bit fail rate less than 0.5ppm is reported for the first time. T-RAM memory cell median read current of 250µA/cell at 1.2V with an Ion/Ioff current ratio of more than 108 is demonstrated at 105°C. Robust margins to dynamic disturb due to the access (read/write) of neighboring bits in the memory array have also been verified.
Association of the RGS2 gene with extrapyramidal symptoms induced by treatment with antipsychotic medication

Objectives To investigate the role of genes encoding regulators of G protein signaling in early therapeutic response to antipsychotic drugs and in susceptibility to drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms. As regulators of G protein signaling and regulators of G protein signaling-like proteins play a pivotal role in dopamine receptor signaling, genetically based, functional variation could contribute to interindividual variability in therapeutic and adverse effects. Methods Consecutively hospitalized, psychotic patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-IV schizophrenia (n=121) were included in the study if they received treatment with typical antipsychotic medication (n=72) or typical antipsychotic drugs and risperidone (n=49) for at least 2 weeks. Clinical state and adverse effects were rated at baseline and after 2 weeks. Twenty-four single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in five regulators of G protein signaling genes. Results None of the single nucleotide polymorphisms were related to clinical response to antipsychotic treatment at 2 weeks. Five out of six single nucleotide polymorphisms within or flanking the RGS2 gene were nominally associated with development or worsening of parkinsonian symptoms (PARK+) as measured by the Simpson Angus Scale, one of them after correction for multiple testing (rs4606, P=0.002). A GCCTG haplotype encompassing tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms within and flanking RGS2 was significantly overrepresented among PARK+ compared with PARK− patients (0.23 vs. 0.08, P=0.003). A second, ‘protective’, GTGCA haplotype was significantly overrepresented in PARK− patients (0.13 vs. 0.30, P=0.009). Both haplotype associations survive correction for multiple testing. Conclusions Subject to replication, these findings suggest that genetic variation in the RGS2 gene is associated with susceptibility to extrapyramidal symptoms induced by antipsychotic drugs.
Early visuospatial deficits predict the occurrence of visual hallucinations in autopsy-confirmed dementia with Lewy bodies.

OBJECTIVES The current study explored the value of visuospatial findings for predicting the occurrence of visual hallucinations (VH) in a sample of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) compared with patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). PARTICIPANTS/MEASUREMENTS: Retrospective analysis of 55 autopsy-confirmed DLB and 55 demographically similar, autopsy-confirmed AD cases determined whether severe initial visuospatial deficits on the WISC-R Block Design subtest predicted the development of VH. Visuospatial deficits were considered severe if Block Design z scores were 2.5 or more standard deviations below the mean of a well-characterized normal control group (severe visuospatial deficits [severe-VIS]; DLB: n = 35, AD: n = 26) and otherwise were considered mild (mild visuospatial deficits [mild-VIS]; DLB: n = 20, AD: n = 29). RESULTS Forty percent of the severe-VIS DLB group had baseline VH compared with 0% of mild-VIS DLB patients. Only 8% of the severe-VIS and 3% mild-VIS AD patients had baseline VH. During the follow-up period (mean = 5.0 years), an additional 61% of the severe-VIS but only 11% of the mild-VIS DLB patients developed VH. In that period, 38% of the severe-VIS and 20% of the mild-VIS AD patients developed VH. After considering initial MMSE score and rate of decline, logistic regression analyses found that performance on Block Design significantly predicted the presence of VH in the DLB group but not the AD group. CONCLUSIONS The presence of early, severe deficits on neuropsychological tests of visuospatial skill increases the likelihood that patients with suspected DLB will develop the prototypical DLB syndrome. The presence of such deficits may identify those DLB patients whose syndrome is driven by α-synuclein pathology rather than AD pathology and may inform treatment plans as well as future research.
Restoration of Cerebral and Systemic Microvascular Architecture in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice Following Treatment with Liraglutide™

Cerebral microvascular impairments occurring in AD may reduce Aβ peptide clearance and impact upon circulatory ultrastructure and function. We hypothesized that microvascular pathologies occur in organs responsible for systemic Aβ peptide clearance in a model of AD and that Liraglutide (Victoza®) improves vessel architecture.
Joint Optimization of Link Scheduling, Power Control, and Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

Cross-layer design is an extensive research area in ad hoc wireless networks and is particularly important under energy constraints. The physical layer, link layer, and network layer are known to have great impact on network performance as well as on energy consumption; hence, the interactions between these layers should be studied. In this paper, we formulate an optimal link scheduling and power control policy that supports a particular data rate on each link in the network while satisfying the Signal to Interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and the maximum transmission power constraints at each node. We present an optimization problem considering both the energy consumed of each node in the routing path and the delay associated on each link as the link cost metrics. The problem is to find an optimal link scheduling, power control and routing policy that minimizes the end-to-end delay as well as the energy link cost subject to certain constraints. We provide numerical examples for our schemes and relationships between the parameters i.e. the higher the required data rate and the higher the SINR requirement; the system will become less energy-efficient since a high transmission power is needed. This paper is a preliminary step towards our distributed joint scheduling, power control and routing algorithm for ad hoc networks using cross layer approach
Processing of high frequency data with risk aversion

This paper suggests the calculation methodology of univariate and multivariate absolute risk aversion based on asymptotic analysis of conditional expectation and future excess return variance. In the paper we provide modification of the multivariate econometric algorithm on the assumption of weakly time-varying correlation matrices for which the conditions of positive definiteness were received. We prove theorems on relation between risk aversion of shares and futures. Next, concerning risk aversion of various financial instruments with common underlying asset, we defined a time-varying stochastic no-arbitrage interest rate used in Black-Cox credit risk model.
Regional clearance of amino‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide from human plasma

Mechanisms for clearance of circulating amino‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) remain poorly understood and are relevant to the clinical utility of NT‐proBNP as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cardiovascular disorders. We sought to determine site(s) of production and clearance of plasma NT‐proBNP in the human circulation.
A Marketability Forecasting Model for Story-based Content

영화, 소설, 온라인 게임과 같이 스토리를 기반으로 한 문화 콘텐츠의 경우, 제품 속성을 기반으로 콘텐츠 의 시장 성과 즉, 고객들이 제품에 대해 느끼는 제품 가치를 분석하거나 매출을 예측하기 위한 연구는 극 히 부족한 상태이다. 본 연구는 기존 제품 가치 모형을 적용하기 어렵게 하는 스토리 기반 콘텐츠의 두 가 지 특성, 즉 제품 가치 경험치가 경험 과정에서 시간에 따라 변하며(제품 가치 변동성), 제품 핵심 속성인 스토리를 정량적으로 표현하기 어렵다 (제품 속성의 정성적 특성)는 특성을 고려하여, 스토리 정보(story information)를 이용한 스토리 기반 콘텐츠의 시장 성과 연구 모형을 2단계 모형으로 개발하였다. 스토리 특성이 제품 가치에 미치는 주 효과를 모형 1(수준 1)로 다루고, 더 나아가 제작 인력의 역량과 관객의 영 화 관람 후 최종 가치 인지 효과가 시장 성과에 미치는 영향을 영화 스토리와의 상호작용 효과로 모형 2 (수준 2)로 고려한 2단계 로그 선형 회귀모형을 개발, 제시하였다. 실증 분석을 위해 영화 스토리(시나리 오)가 제작된 시점에서 2004년도부터 2008년도까지 5년간 개봉된 영화 중 총 68편의 영화 스토리(시나리 오)에 대해 각 영화 별로 20대 남녀 일반인 20명에서 30명이 각 시나리오 장면(scene) 별로 극적 재미 수준 을 5점 척도로 평가한 자료를 이용하여, 해당 영화의 투자와 제작 여부를 결정하기 위한 시장 성과 실증 분석을 하였다. 본 연구는 첫째, 스토리 기반 콘텐츠의 경우, 소비 경험이 발생하는 시간에 따라 변동하는 해당 스토리 의 제품 가치는 스토리의 어떤 특성에 의해 결정되는 지를 알아 보았고, 둘째, 시장 성과에 영향을 미치는 스토리 특성 변수를 개발하고, 이 스토리 특성을 이용하여 스토리 기반 콘텐츠의 시장 성과를 분석, 예측 할 수 있는 모형을 제시하였다. 셋째, 실증 분석을 통하여 대표적인 스토리 기반 콘텐츠인 영화 시나리오 의 제품 가치와 매출을 평가 예측하고 이 결과를 이용하여 시장성 제고 관점에서 바람직한 스토리의 구조 적 특징을 밝히고 있다. 본 연구가 학문적으로 기여 하는 바는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 연구는 스토리를 제품 가치 관점에서 연구 한 최초의 연구이며, 둘째, 스토리 특성을 계량적으로 측정할 수 있는 주요 변수들 (예를 들면, 극적 전환 기울기와 극적 리듬 등)을 개발하여, 스토리 특성이 제품 가치에 미치는 영향을 계량적 분석이 가능하도록 하였다. 셋째, 스토리 특성을 이용하여 스토리 기반 콘텐츠의 시장 성과를 예측할 수 있는 방법을 처음으 로 제시하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 가장 중요한 가치는, 영화 뿐만이 아니라 음악, 놀이공원, 온라인 게 임 등 많은 제품과 서비스들이 시간에 따라 동일하지 않은 수준의 가치를 소비자에게 제공하는 경우가 많 은 데, 소비 경험 후 소비자가 평가, 인지하는 총체적 제품 가치 형성에 소비 과정에서 경험하는 제품 가 치 변동이 어떻게 반영되는 지에 대한 정보를 제공하였다.
Recycling of hazardous waste from tertiary aluminium industry in a value-added material

The recent European Directive on waste, 2008/98/EC seeks to reduce the exploitation of natural resources through the use of secondary resource management. Thus the main objective of this study was to explore how a waste could cease to be considered as waste and could be utilized for a specific purpose. In this way, a hazardous waste from the tertiary aluminium industry was studied for its use as a raw material in the synthesis of an added-value product, boehmite. This waste is classified as a hazardous residue, principally because in the presence of water or humidity, it releases toxic gases such as hydrogen, ammonia, methane and hydrogen sulfide. The low temperature hydrothermal method developed permits the recovery of 90% of the aluminium content in the residue in the form of a high purity (96%) AlOOH (boehmite). The method of synthesis consists of an initial HCl digestion followed by a gel precipitation. In the first stage a 10% HCl solution is used to yield a 12.63 g L-1 Al 3+ solution. In the second stage boehmite is precipitated in the form of a gel by increasing the pH of the acid Al3+ solution by adding 1 mol L-1 NaOH solution. Several pH values were tested and boehmite was obtained as the only crystalline phase at pH 8. Boehmite was completely characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy. A study of its thermal behaviour was also carried out by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis.
Cytokine production in thromboangiitis obliterans patients: new evidence for an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder.

OBJECTIVE To study IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 levels and circulating immune complexes (CIC) containing IgG, IgM or IgA in sera of 14 TAO patients and 12 healthy blood donors. To evaluates the ability of TAO PBMC to produce IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, as well as to detect PBMC apoptosis after stimulation with different stimuli. METHODS In vitro stimulation of PBMC with lypopolysaccharide (LPS), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), C3 binding glycoprotein from uscuta europea (C3bgp), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), and dexamethasone (DM) were performed. The quantities of the secreted cytokines in sera and in culture supernatants, as well as CIC were detected by ELISA. The apoptosis was assessed according to nuclear morphology, after acridine orange staining, by fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Significantly higher IL-6 levels in the patients', than in the controls' sera was found. An increased production of IL-6 and IL-12 in TAO PBMC supernatants was detected, regardless of the stimuli used. A hyporeactivity of TAO PBMC toward IL-10 production was found after C3bgp, LPS, PHA and PWM stimulation, compared to the controls' PBMC. The spontaneous and induced apoptosis was significantly higher in TAO compared to the control group. Increased CIC quantities were detected in 75% of the patients tested. According to the CIC isotype, the IgG CIC positives (75%) prevailed over IgA CIC positives (50 %). CONCLUSION The altered production of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10, the increased apoptosis as well as the elevated levels of CIC could be a reason for the persisting immune inflammation in TAO.
Statins and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of 18 studies involving more than 1.5 million patients.

PURPOSE Statins have been suggested to prevent colorectal cancer. Several epidemiologic studies have evaluated this association, whereas randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on cardiovascular outcomes provide relevant data as a secondary end point. Our aim was to examine the strength of this association through a detailed meta-analysis of the studies published on the subject in peer-reviewed literature. METHODS A comprehensive search for studies published up to December 2006 was performed, reviews of each study were conducted, and data were abstracted. Before meta-analysis, the studies were evaluated for publication bias and heterogeneity. Pooled relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% CIs were calculated using the fixed- and random-effects models. RESULTS Eighteen studies involving more than 1.5 million participants contributed to the analysis. They were grouped on the basis of study design, and separate meta-analyses were conducted. There was no evidence of an association between statin use and risk of colorectal cancer either among RCTs (RR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.80 to 1.13; n = 6) or among cohort studies (RR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.11; n = 3). However, statin use was associated with a modest reduction in the risk of colorectal cancer among case-control studies (RR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.96; n = 9). Low evidence of publication bias or heterogeneity was found. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis results do not support the hypothesis that statins strongly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer, when taken for management of hypercholesterolemia. However, we cannot rule out a modest reduction in risk or an effect associated with higher doses of statins.
A study on performance of telecom service market: case of Karnataka, India

The purpose of this study is to develop a performance model for telecom service providers to evaluate their performance in the telecom service market using non-financial indicators such as customer perceived network quality, service quality perception, customer care services, customer satisfaction and overall brand equity. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the data collected from respondents of Karnataka telecom circle. The main findings of the study indicate that customer satisfaction, customer perceived network quality, service quality perception and customer care services positively influences performance of the telecom service market. There are few related studies with the non-financial indicators and their influences on the performance of telecom industry. In this paper, attention is paid to construct a performance measurement model using non-financial performance measures in the Indian telecom service market. This study offers insights for telecom service providers to understand the non-financial determinants of performance.
Risk of elevated transaminases in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis

Background: This meta-analysis has been conducted to determine the risk of elevated transaminases associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors use in patients with cancer. Methods: Studies eligible for our analysis included randomized Phase II and III trials of patients with cancer on ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, tremelimumab and pidilizumab, which describe events of elevated transaminases [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)]. Results: Initial database search revealed 210 relevant citations. After excluding noneligible studies, 10 trials were considered eligible for the quantitative synthesis. The RR of all-grade elevated ALT and AST was 2.36 (95% CI 1.20–4.66; p = 0.01) and 1.53 (95% CI 0.73–3.22; p = 0.26), respectively, whereas for high-grade elevated ALT and AST, it was 11.27 (95% CI 5.38–23.63; p < 0.0001) and 4.9 (95% CI 2.97–8.09; p < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions: Our study has shown that the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has a causal relationship to an increased risk of high-grade elevated ALT and AST. Clinicians using these agents should be attentive of this risk.
Alterations in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion and renal effects in aging.

Aging is associated with hypertension and electrolyte disturbances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aging upon secretion and renal actions of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Rats were anesthetized and received tracheal, jugular vein, carotid artery, and bilateral uretheral catheterization. One set of young (2-3 mo) rats (Group 2, n = 9) and one set of old (18-21 mo) rats (Group 4, n = 7) received bilateral atrial appendectomies. Control young (Group 1, n = 8) and old (Group 3, n = 8) rats received a sham appendectomy. All rats were infused (iv) with 6% albumin in Krebs buffer, sufficient to increase blood volume by 15%. Finally, each rat was injected with ANP (1 microgram/kg). Sodium excretion rate (U(Na+)V) in response to volume expansion was significantly decreased in all groups compared to Group 1 (young control, p < .05). All groups demonstrated a striking increase in U(Na+)V with the ANP injection, but the response was greatest in young control rats when factored by body weight (p < .05). There were no significant differences in MAP between the groups, suggesting that the differences in U(Na+)V observed were not the result of hemodynamic factors. Isolated perfused atria from young (n = 9) and old (n = 8) rats were subjected to stretch and endothelin stimulation (50 nM). Atria from young rats showed a dramatic increase in ANP secretion in response to atrial stretch and a further marked increase in secretion in response to endothelin, whereas both of these responses were markedly attenuated in old rats (p < .05). These results suggested that the secretion and renal effects of ANP are impaired in aging. Changes in secretion and actions of ANP in aging could contribute to the development of hypertension or heart failure.
Peritoneal dialysis outcomes after temporary haemodialysis transfer for peritonitis.

BACKGROUND There has not been a comprehensive examination to date of peritoneal dialysis (PD) outcomes after temporary haemodialysis (HD) transfer for peritonitis. METHODS The study included all incident Australian patients who experienced peritonitis between 1 October 2003, and 31 December 2011, using Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry data. Patients were grouped into three categories: Interim HD, Permanent HD and Never HD based on HD transfer status after the first peritonitis. The independent predictors of HD transfer and subsequent return to PD were determined by multivariable, multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis. Matched case-control analyses were performed to compare clinical outcomes (e.g. patient survival) between groups. RESULTS Of the 3305 patients who experienced peritonitis during the study period, 553 episodes (16.7%) resulted in transfer to HD and 101 patients subsequently returned to PD. HD transfer was significantly and independently predicted by inpatient treatment of peritonitis [odds ratio (OR) 11.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.14-18.36] and the recovered microbiologic profile of organisms recognized to be associated with moderate (20-40%) to high (>40%) rates of catheter removal (moderate: OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.89-3.17; high: OR 8.63, 95% CI 6.44-11.57). Matched case-control analyses yielded comparable results among Interim, Permanent and Never HD groups in terms of patient survival (P = 0.28), death-censored technique survival [hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.59-1.28; P = 0.48] and peritonitis-free survival (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.50-1.39, P = 0.49). CONCLUSIONS In an observational registry study of first peritonitis episodes, temporary HD transfer was not associated with inferior patient-level clinical outcomes when compared with others who either never required HD transfer or remained on HD permanently if all patient-level and peritonitis-related factors were considered equal. Therefore, return to PD after a temporary HD due to peritonitis should not be discouraged in appropriate PD patients.
Waymarks of the Life Projects of Higher Education Graduates of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

A sociological survey of graduates of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was developed and tested with the aim of studying and determining the choice of preferences for the future place of residence and work of the respondents. Thus, lifestyle preferences are defined in the future, the attractiveness of urban and rural area, the problems of employment and finding place of residence and further plans after graduation.