Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors and processes related to employees’ change‐related compliance and championing

This field study of a merger examines the antecedent factors and processes that explain two different forms of employee support for change—compliance and championing. Our overarching goal is to understand why some employees comply and others champion change efforts. We examine the combined effects of context and person factors on both positive and negative employee reactions to change, and then to investigate the differential effects of these reactions on employee support for change. Results support our hypotheses and show that change management support (context factor) negatively predicts threat appraisals and positively predicts challenge appraisals. Both compliance and championing are positively predicted by challenge appraisals, and threat appraisals are negatively related to championing. Analyses also reveal that the positive relationship between change management support and challenge appraisal is stronger when dispositional resistance to change (person factor) is high. Moderated-mediation analyses suggest employees’ compliance and championing for change are differentially affected by management actions, their own dispositional resistance, and that these effects are mediated through positive and negative appraisals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Identiﬁcation and characterization of cyberbullying dynamics in an online social network

—Cyberbullying is an increasingly prevalent phenomenon impacting young adults. In this paper, we present a study on both detecting cyberbullies in online social networks and identifying the pairwise interactions between users through which the inﬂuence of bullies seems to spread. In particular, we investigate the role of user demographics and social network features in predicting how users will respond to a cyberbullying comment. We characterize the inﬂuencer/inﬂuenced relationship by which a user who has no history of abuse observes a peer engaging in bullying and follows suit. To our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst effort modeling peer pressure and social dynamics with analytical models. We validate our models on two distinct social network datasets, totalling over 16 , 000 posts. Our results offer insight into the dynamics of bullying and conﬁrm social theories on the power of peer groups in the cyberworld. A full version of this paper is available on arXiv.org.
Validación del Cuestionario de Intención Emprendedora en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de Colombia

This paper presents the validation of the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ) in Colombia. This questionnaire, developed and validated in Spain (Rueda, Moriano, & Linan, 2015), draws on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB, Ajzen, 1991). The TPB is the most widely used model for predicting entrepreneurial intention nowadays. With a sample of 316 Colombian university students, the results of the structural equation modeling confirm that the EIQ has a high reliability and predictive validity of entrepreneurial intentions. The availability of reliable measurement scales validated in different cultural contexts allows comparisons among institutions and/or within an institution along the time (e.g. before and after a course on entrepreneurship). A deep understanding of the psychosocial antecedents (i.e. attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) that lead young university students to become entrepreneurs might contribute to a better design of the entrepreneurship education programmes that are being developed from universities and other institutions.
Super-Sparse Learning in Similarity Spaces

In a growing number of applications, including computer vision, biometrics, text categorization and information retrieval, samples are often represented more naturally in terms of similarities between each other, rather than in an explicit feature vector space [1], [2]. Traditional machine-learning algorithms can still be used to learn over similarity-based representations; e.g., linear classification algorithms like Support Vector Machines (SVMs) [3], [4] can be trained in the space implicitly induced by the similarity measure (i.e., the kernel function) to learn nonlinear functions in input space. However, the main drawback of similarity-based techniques is their high computational complexity at test time, since computing their classification function often requires matching the input sample against a large set of reference prototypes, and evaluating such similarity measures is usually computationally demanding. Even SVMs, that induce sparsity in the number of required prototypes (the so-called support vectors, SVs) may not provide solutions that are sparse enough, as the number of prototypes (i.e., SVs) grows linearly with respect to the number of training samples [5], [6]. To reduce the number of reference prototypes, several state-of-the-art approaches select them from the training data, and then separately train the classification function using the reduced set of prototypes. However, decoupling these two steps may not effectively reduce the number of prototypes, without significantly affecting classification accuracy [2], [7], [8].
Augmented fingerprint minutiae vicinity

A local-area based fingerprint minutiae vicinity can be represented in a self-aligned way and achieves better robustness for recognition than a global minutiae template whose global geometric references (e.g., core or delta) are usually unstable to locate. However, local comparison based on vicinities ignores the global topology and thus still has potential to improve in performance if some stable global information can be fused in vicinities. We construct in this paper an augmented minutia vicinity, which incorporates more contextual minutiae information. Application of the proposed augmented vicinity to minutiae template protection is tested and demonstrates desirable biometric performance (e.g., FRR = 0.04–0.06 and FAR = 0.001 on the FVC2002DB2_A database) with roughly 70-bit complexity against reversing a binary protected augmented vicinity.
ezContract: Using Marker Library and Bytecode Instrumentation to Support Design by Contract in Java

Several approaches have been proposed to support Design by Contract in Java. In this paper, through the use of markers which are predefined dummy methods and attributes, a new approach to annotate contracts is presented. The annotated programs can be directly compiled by standard Java compilers. A bytecode instrumentor is developed to manipulate the bytecode to inject contract evaluation instructions and make the contracts executable at runtime. The marker approach avoids two primary problems found in the existing practices: source compatibility that depends on language extension and symbolic barrier that leaves contracts and their targets unrelated. It also facilitates streamlined integration with IDEs and improves readability as well as writability of the contract- annotated programs.
On the Social Explanation of Technical Change: The Case of the Portuguese Maritime Expansion

It is a truth almost universally acknowledged that a technological artifact whose origins and development are insufficiently understood must be in want of a social or economic explanation. For some, the pursuit of manifest economic or social interests ranks as a central explanatory resource. ' Others, perhaps more numerous, also make reference to profit and social control but link them to the operation of the capitalist labor process and the way in which they structure technological possibilities.2 Yet others, while not necessarily disagreeing with such an approach, are more committed to a systems model in which complex social, economic, technical, and political elements are seen to influence one another, and distant developments may create the perception of technological problems. ' My purpose here is to consider the applicability of the last of these approaches through an analysis of Portuguese transoceanic expansion. My particular object is to offer a nonreductionist sociological per-
The ubiquitous DBMS

Advancement in mobile computing technologies has prompted strong needs for database systems that can be used in small devices such as sensors, cellular phones, PDAs, car navigators, and Ultra Mobile PCs (UMPCs). We term the database systems that are customizable for small computing devices as Ubiquitous Database Management Systems (UDBMSs). In this paper, we first review the requirements of the UDBMS. The requirements identified include lightweight DBMSs, selective convergence, flash-optimized storage systems, data synchronization, support of unstructured/semistructured data, complex database operations, selfmanagement, and security. Next, we review existing systems and research prototypes. We review the functionality of UDBMSs including the footprint size, support of standard SQL, transaction management, concurrency control, recovery, indexing, and access control. We then review the supportability of the requirements by those UDBMSs surveyed. We finally present research issues related to the UDBMS.
Transcription Factor Short Stature Homeobox 2 Is Required for Proper Development of Tropomyosin-Related Kinase B-Expressing Mechanosensory Neurons

Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contain somatosensory neurons of diverse sensory modalities. Among these different types of sensory neurons, the molecular mechanisms that regulate the development and specification of touch neurons are the least well understood. We took a candidate approach and searched for transcription factors that are expressed in subsets of DRG neurons, and found that the transcription factor Shox2 (short stature homeobox 2) is expressed in subpopulations of TrkB (tropomyosin-related kinase B)- and Ret-expressing neurons at neonatal stages. Since TrkB is a known marker that is selectively expressed in touch sensory neurons, we decided to examine the function of Shox2 in specifying TrkB-positive DRG neurons. Conditional deletion of Shox2 in neural crest cells (which give rise to all DRG neurons) caused a 60 ∼ 65% reduction in the number of TrkB-expressing neurons. It also resulted in an increase in coexpression of TrkC in Ret-positive sensory neurons. Deletion of Shox2 in differentiating DRG neurons at later time points caused only a moderate reduction in TrkB expression. Overexpression of Shox2 in all neural crest cells resulted in a small increase in the number of TrkB-expressing neurons. Finally, Shox2 deletion also caused reduced touch sensory axonal innervation to layers III/IV of the spinal cord. Together, our findings identify Shox2 as an essential but not sufficient component of the transcription programs required in neural progenitor cells for the proper specification of subsets of TrkB-expressing touch/mechanosensory neurons.
Prediction tool for Crime Analysis

Regression is one of a powerful tool for predicting the future values based on previous data sets. The use of prediction in crime analysis can make crime free region. The proposed technique can predict those regions which are sensitive to criminal activities like theft, murder, rape, Anti-social behaviour, Domestic violence etc. The scheme uses the data sets taken from the local police stations and can be used to predict the number of criminal activities in future. The data will then supplied with other factors like population, month and year to the regression model which will predict the future value for the criminal activities. This predicted number of activities will indicate that the region is high sensitive or low sensitive. If the predicted number will be high then the region is high sensitive and if low then the region is low sensitive
Optimization of the collector profile of InGaP/GaAs HBTs for increased robustness

Heterojunction bipolar transistors are often used for power amplifiers, e.g. in GSM phones. Such applications require very robust devices that are able to withstand large voltages and currents. For this, an adequately chosen collector doping profile is a key parameter. In this work, we present a technique for optimizing the collector doping profile with respect to transistor robustness. The applicability of our approach is demonstrated experimentally by measurements of InGaP/GaAs HBTs, showing a significant increase of the safe operating area due to collector profile optimization.
Measuring the Value of Point-of-Purchase Marketing with Commercial Eye-Tracking Data

In today's cluttered retail environments, creating consumer pull through memory-based brand equity is not enough; marketers must also create "visual equity" for their brands (i.e., incremental sales triggered by in-store visual attention). In this paper, we show that commercial eye-tracking data, analyzed using a simple decision-path model of visual attention and brand consideration, can separately measure memory-based and visual equity of brands displayed on a supermarket shelf. In the two product categories studied, juices and detergents, we find that in-store visual attention doubles on average the memory-based probability of consideration. Additionally, our empirical applications and normative analyses show how separating memory-based and visual equity can help improve managerial decisions about which brands to select for enhanced point-of-purchase marketing activities.
Laterality effects in multilinguals during speech production under the concurrent task paradigm: Another test of the age of acquisition hypothesis

The object of the present study was to test the hypothesis that age of acquisition is a significant contributor to laterality effects under a concurrent verbal-manual task condition, but with a substantially larger sample (n = 102) than has been usual in such research. After reviewing the relevant literature and examining several serious analytical and methodological issues that have been raised, the results of an experiment involving three groups of subjects (native speakers, early and late non-native speakers) are presented. Significant differences in laterality effects were uncovered between the native and late non-native groups, thus producing evidence suggestive of increased right hemisphere activation during speech production in a late-acquired second language.
A connection between partial symmetry and inverse procedural modeling

In this paper, we address the problem of inverse procedural modeling: Given a piece of exemplar 3D geometry, we would like to find a set of rules that describe objects that are similar to the exemplar. We consider local similarity, i.e., each local neighborhood of the newly created object must match some local neighborhood of the exemplar. We show that we can find explicit shape modification rules that guarantee strict local similarity by looking at the structure of the partial symmetries of the object. By cutting the object into pieces along curves within symmetric areas, we can build shape operations that maintain local similarity by construction. We systematically collect such editing operations and analyze their dependency to build a shape grammar. We discuss how to extract general rewriting systems, context free hierarchical rules, and grid-based rules. All of this information is derived directly from the model, without user interaction. The extracted rules are then used to implement tools for semi-automatic shape modeling by example, which are demonstrated on a number of different example data sets. Overall, our paper provides a concise theoretical and practical framework for inverse procedural modeling of 3D objects.
External Knowledge In Organisational Innovation - Toward An Integration Concept

The integration of customer knowledge into innovation processes not only faces companies with many challenges but also opens up opportunities for new product development and fostering innovativeness. Past research describes a multitude of approaches and practical examples, which companies can refer to if they are willing to tap customer knowledge. With the emergence of social software and open innovation there are even more potential paths to follow. In this regard, this research aims to propose a concept that categorises such strategies. Based on a structured literature review in the domain of open innovation the author analysed the body of related literature and best practices in order allocate the identified options within the process of innovation. Thus, the study emphasises strategic perspectives that distinguish between objective-centred, marketing-focused and hybrid approaches. The results can be utilised as guidance for knowledge integration and help companies to navigate through the selection process of strategies for customer knowledge integration in organisational innovation processes.
Traffic classification using cost based decision tree

A novel method for achieving practical real-time traffic classification is proposed in this paper, which is based on C4.5 decision tree. Most existing traffic classification algorithms only focus on accuracy of the classification results, but lack of considering the various costs in actual deployment. So they cannot guarantee that the obtained tree construction is optimal for hardware and software processing. To solve this problem, our Cost Based Feature Evaluation procedure defines UnitGainRatio as the metric of attributes to find the best tree construction when considering the attribute acquisition and processing cost. We also introduce another method called Fuzzy Delicacy Node Selection procedure to choose the more suitable node, when their UnitGainRatio are too close to each other. The experiment results show that the proposed method reduces the average cost compared with similar algorithm.
Security measures in OpenSSH

This paper examines several security measures that have been implemented in OpenSSH. OpenSSH’s popularity, and the necessity for the server to wield root privileges, have made it a high-value target for attack. Despite initial and ongoing code audits, OpenSSH has suffered from a number of security vulnerabilities over its 7.5 year life. This has prompted the developers to implement several defensive measures, intended to reduce both the likelihood of exploitable errors and the consequences of exploitation should they occur. This paper examines these defensive measures; each measure is described and assessed for implementation effort, attack surface reduction, effectiveness in preventing or mitigating attacks, applicability to other network software and possible improvements.
Chronic fetal hypoglycemia inhibits the later steps of stimulus-secretion coupling in pancreatic beta-cells.

We measured the impact of chronic late gestation hypoglycemia on pancreatic islet structure and function to determine the cause of decreased insulin secretion in this sheep model of fetal nutrient deprivation. Late gestation hypoglycemia did not decrease pancreas weight, insulin content, beta-cell area, beta-cell mass, or islet size. The pancreatic islet isolation procedure selected a group of islets that were larger and had an increased proportion of beta-cells compared with islets measured in pancreatic sections, but there were no morphologic differences between islets isolated from control and hypoglycemic fetuses. The rates of glucose-stimulated pancreatic islet glucose utilization (126.2 +/- 25.3 pmol glucose.islet(-1). h(-1), hypoglycemic, vs. 93.5 +/- 5.5 pmol glucose.islet(-1). h(-1), control, P = 0.47) and oxidation (10.5 +/- 1.7 pmol glucose.islet(-1). h(-1), hypoglycemic, vs. 10.6 +/- 1.6 pmol glucose.islet(-1). h(-1), control) were not different in hypoglycemic fetuses compared with control fetuses. Chronic late gestation hypoglycemia decreased insulin secretion in isolated pancreatic islets by almost 70% in response to direct nonnutrient membrane depolarization and in response to increased extracellular calcium entry. beta-Cell ultrastructure was abnormal with markedly distended rough endoplasmic reticulum in three of the seven hypoglycemic fetuses studied, but in vitro analysis of hypoglycemic control islets showed no evidence that these changes represented endoplasmic reticulum stress, as measured by transcription of glucose regulatory protein-78 and processing of X-box binding protein-1. In conclusion, these studies show that chronic hypoglycemia in late gestation decreases insulin secretion by inhibiting the later steps of stimulus-secretion coupling after glucose metabolism, membrane depolarization, and calcium entry.
In situ physical and chemical characterisation of the Eyjafjallajökull aerosol plume in the free troposphere over Italy

Abstract. Continuous measurements of physical and chemical properties at the Mt. Cimone (Italy) GAW-WMO (Global Atmosphere Watch, World Meteorological Organization) Global Station (2165 m a.s.l.) have allowed the detection of the volcanic aerosol plume resulting from the Eyjafjallajokull (Iceland) eruption of spring 2010. The event affected the Mt. Cimone site after a transport over a distance of more than 3000 km. Two main transport episodes were detected during the eruption period, showing a volcanic fingerprint discernible against the free tropospheric background conditions typical of the site, the first from April 19 to 21 and the second from 18 to 20 May 2010. This paper reports the modification of aerosol characteristics observed during the two episodes, both characterised by an abrupt increase in fine and, especially, coarse mode particle number. Analysis of major, minor and trace elements by different analytical techniques (ionic chromatography, particle induced X-ray emission–particle induced gamma-ray emission (PIXE–PIGE) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) were performed on aerosols collected by ground-level discrete sampling. The resulting database allows the characterisation of aerosol chemical composition during the volcanic plume transport and in background conditions. During the passage of the volcanic plume, the fine fraction was dominated by sulphates, denoting the secondary origin of this mode, mainly resulting from in-plume oxidation of volcanic SO2. By contrast, the coarse fraction was characterised by increased concentration of numerous elements of crustal origin, such as Fe, Ti, Mn, Ca, Na, and Mg, which enter the composition of silicate minerals. Data analysis of selected elements (Ti, Al, Fe, Mn) allowed the estimation of the volcanic plume's contribution to total PM10, resulting in a local enhancement of up to 9.5 μg m−3, i.e. 40% of total PM10 on 18 May, which was the most intense of the two episodes. These results appear significant, especially in light of the huge distance of Mt. Cimone from the source, confirming the widespread diffusion of the Eyjafjallajokull ashes over Europe.
Sulfur, Chlorine, and Argon Abundances in Planetary Nebulae. III. Observations and Results for a Final Sample

This paper is the fourth in a series whose purpose is to study the interstellar abundances of sulfur, chlorine, and argon in the Galaxy using a sample of 86 planetary nebulae. Here we present new high‐quality spectrophotometric observations of 20 Galactic planetary nebulae with spectral coverage from 3700 to 9600 Å. A major feature of our observations throughout the entire study has been the inclusion of the near‐infrared lines of [Siii] λλ9069, 9532, which allows us to calculate accurate S+2 abundances and to either improve upon or convincingly confirm results of earlier sulfur abundance studies. For each of the 20 objects here, we calculate ratios of S/O, Cl/O, and Ar/O and find average values of S/O = (1.1 ± 1.1) × 10-2, Cl/O = (4.2 ± 5.3) × 10-4, and Ar/O = (5.7 ± 4.3) × 10-3. For six objects, we are able to compare abundances of S+3 calculated directly from available [Siv] 10.5 μm measurements with those inferred indirectly from the values of the ionization correction factors for sulfur. In the final paper of the series, we will compile results from all 86 objects, search for and evaluate trends, and use chemical evolution models to interpret our results.