Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress, Depression and Anxiety among Youths Exposed to a Massive Fire Disaster in Greece

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety among children and adolescents exposed to the 2007 fire disaster in Greece along with the relationships of these symptoms with disaster-related stressors and sociodemographic characteristics four months after the fire. Methodology: A sample of 343 youths aged 9-18 years from schools in an area severely affected by the fire completed self-reported questionnaires. The Children’s Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder-Reaction Index-Revised (CPTSD-RI-R), the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were used to assess relative symptoms, while fire-related stressors were also examined in respondents. Results: The estimated prevalence rates of high levels of PTSD, depressive and anxiety symptoms four months after the disaster were approximately 45%, 34% and 32%, respectively. Staying without both parents after the fire was strongly associated with more PTSD symptoms, while housing adversity and loss of property were most strongly associated with elevated depressive symptoms. Life-threatening experience of a loved one and worry for a loved one predicted higher levels of PTSD symptomatology, whereas injury of a loved one was associated with high levels of depressive and anxiety
A Generalized Method for Integrating Rule-based Knowledge into Inductive Methods Through Virtual Sample Creation

Hybrid learning methods use theoretical knowledge of a domain and a set of classified examples to develop a method for classification. Methods that use domain knowledge have been shown to perform better than inductive learners. However, there is no general method to include domain knowledge into all inductive learning algorithms as all hybrid methods are highly specialized for a particular algorithm. We present an algorithm that will take domain knowledge in the form of propositional rules, generate artificial examples from the rules and also remove instances likely to be flawed. This enriched dataset then can be used by any learning algorithm. Experimental results of different scenarios are shown that demonstrate this method to be more effective than simple inductive learning.
Creating appropriate challenge level game opponent by the use of dynamic difficulty adjustment

The goal for video game AI (artificial intelligence) is to generate AI that is at appropriate challenge level. Most existing game AI is implemented by FSM (Finite State Machine) which has drawbacks in the three respects: requirement of designer's intensive participation; can't adjust strategies or difficulty dynamically; no planning and looking forward. Contribution of this paper is to propose DDA (dynamic difficulty adjustment) as an approach to create appropriate challenge level game opponent. During the research, the prey and predator genre game of Dead-End is used as test-bed to prove the proposed theory. Based on the Dead-End test-bed, I proposed two kinds of DDA which are DDA by “time-constrained-CI” and DDA by “knowledge-based-time-constrained-CI”. As the latter is based on knowledge, it is more computational resource efficient than the former and thus more applicable for multi-player online games, while the former is only applicable for the standalone PC game.
HISTORY THROUGH LOANWORDS

the stratification of Chinese loanwords into Dazhai Hani, a Tibeto-Burman language, has been studied. The basic principles (principle of coherence; extended principle of coherence) guiding analysis are presented in a methodological section. Two main strata of borrowings from SW Mandarin, a modern layer reflecting the phonology of Luchun Mandarin, and the other from another, earlier source (contemporary with the introduction of the potato and tobacco), are distinguished. A set of early Chinese borrowings is also identified but the sound correspondences in that layer are incomplete. The words for ‘eggplant' and ‘tea' are shared with Chinese but appear to be Tibeto-Burman loanwords to Chinese rather than the opposite.
Consciousness of Body: Private and Public

A self-report instrument yielded two separate factors: private body consciousness (awareness of internal sensations) and public body consciousness (awareness of observable aspects of body). For each factor, norms, test-retest reliability data, and correlations with other personality measures are presented. An experiment on reaction to ingestion of caffeine revealed that only subjects high in private body consciousness or high in both private body consciousness and private selfconsciousness were stimulated by caffeine; individual differences in public body consciousness and in private self-consciousness alone had no impact. These findings have implications for biofeedback, false physiological feedback, and excitation transfer. When we attend to ourselves, what do we observe? Though there may be various answers to this question, one is to classify the diverse components of the self into private and public aspects. The private aspects can be observed only by the experiencing person: thoughts, images, memories, motives, and feelings—all concerning oneself. The public aspects can be observed by anyone else: appearance, manners, and style of behavior. People differ considerably in the extent to which they attend to the private aspects of themselves, and there are marked individual differences in consciousness of the public or social aspects of oneself. These two dispositions, private and public self-consciousness, are measured by the Self-Consciousness Inventory (Fenigstein, Scheier, & Buss, 1975). Among the highest loading items on the Private Self-Consciousness Scale are, "I reflect about myself a lot," "I'm generally attentive to my inner feelings," and "I'm alert to changes in my mood. " Among the highest loading items on the Public Self-Conscious
Perceived competence and autonomy as moderators of the effects of achievement goal orientations

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of two moderators – perceived competence and perceived autonomy – in the relationships of achievement goal orientations with a broad range of learning‐related variables, including interest, effort, learning strategy use and academic achievement. Perceived competence and autonomy played roles as moderators by strengthening the positive effects of a mastery goal pursuit on outcome measures of adaptive use of learning strategies and effort, respectively. However, no moderating role of either perceived competence or perceived autonomy was found for the effect of a performance‐approach and performance‐avoidance goal pursuit. In addition, perceived competence played a significant role in determining the level of academic achievement in the context of multiple‐goal pursuit. For students with high perceived competence, the adoption of high performance‐approach goals resulted in a higher level of achievement regardless of the levels of mastery goals. In contrast, students with low perceived competence showed the highest achievement when high performance‐approach goals are paired with low mastery goals.
FoxyFeed: Forging Device-Level Asynchronous Events for Kernel Development

Enhancing source code quality of operating systems (OSes) is an essential and endless task in communities of commodity OSes. Unfortunately, improving the quality of the kernel code is not trivial because the kernel is large and complex. In particular, asynchronous events from peripheral devices such as interrupts make the improvement quite hard due to their low reproducibility. This paper presents Foxy Feed, a mechanism based on virtual machine monitors that helps to fix bugs caused by asynchronous device-level events. Foxy Feed forges device-level events and injects them to a debuggee kernel at the timing specified in advance, and allows us to control the timing at which asynchronous events occur for the debugging purpose. Using our prototype implementation of Foxy Feed, which is based on Xen 4.1. 0, we demonstrate that Foxy Feed reproduces failures caused by device-triggered bugs in Linux and gives significant clues to the root causes.
Experiences of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Qualitative Study

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that greatly impacts one’s physical and psychosocial well-being. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and support needs of adult patients living with RA. A descriptive qualitative study was conducted, and 16 adults with RA were interviewed from October 2013 to January 2014. The transcribed data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five themes were identified: altered physical capacity and well-being, psychological and emotional challenges, changes in social life, coping strategies, and support received and further support needs. This study provided insights into the experiences and support needs of patients with RA in Singapore. Physical and psychosocial challenges experienced by patients affected their daily and social activities. Patients’ needs for variety of support should be addressed.
Burnout Contagion Processes Among Teachers1

This study of 154 Dutch high school teachers examined processes by which occupational burnout may transfer from one person to another. Two conditions that may increase the probability of burnout contagion were investigated; namely, individual teachers' susceptibility to emotional contagion, and the frequency with which teachers are exposed to colleagues with student- and work-related problems. Consistent with hypotheses derived from theories about emotional contagion, the results suggest that bumout contagion was most pronounced under these 2 high-risk conditions. Specifically, the prevalence of perceived burnout among participants' colleagues was most strongly related to individual teachers' burnout (i. e., emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), when the teachers were highly susceptible to the emotions of others and when they frequently communicated with each other about work-related problems.
Molecular biological investigations on the bacterial communities of curative well waters of Harkány Spa.

Bacterial communities from the sulfide containing curative well waters of Harkány Spa (Hungary) were investigated by cultivation independent molecular cloning and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) methods between 2006 and 2008. The DGGE profiles of the bacterial communities originated from the wells of lukewarm waters showed seasonal similarities and were highly different from the thermal well. From the four clone libraries 22 different eubacterial species or genera were identified by sequence analysis. The majority of the clones of the lukewarm waters belonged to unidentified Epsilon-proteobacteria, Desulfocapsa sp. and Thiothrix spp. , while the dominant clones of the thermal water were affiliated with the genus Denitratisoma sp. Most of the identified species and genera were related to bacteria with obligate or facultative chemolithotrophic sulfur metabolism, so the microbes of the curative waters may participate in the sulfur-cycle of the wells.
Stigmatizing Reactions Versus General Negative Reactions to Partner Violence Disclosure as Predictors of Avoidance Coping and Depression

Despite increased attention to the relation between negative social reactions to intimate partner violence (IPV) disclosure and poorer mental health outcomes for victims, research has yet to examine whether certain types of negative social reactions are associated with poorer mental health outcomes more so than others. Furthermore, research is scarce on potential mediators of this relationship. To fill these gaps, the current study examines whether stigmatizing reactions to IPV disclosure, such as victim-blaming responses and minimizing experiences of IPV, are a specific type of negative social reaction that exerts greater influence on women’s depressive symptoms than general negative reactions, such as being angry at the perpetrators of IPV. We also examine avoidance coping as a key mediator of this relationship. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted to examine these relationships. Participants were 212 women from an urban northeast community who indicated being physically victimized by their male partner in the past 6 months. Findings from a multiple regression analysis showed that stigmatizing reactions, not general negative reactions, predicted women’s depressive symptoms. In addition, a multiple mediation analysis revealed that avoidance coping strategies, but not approach coping strategies, significantly accounted for the relationship between stigmatizing social reactions and women’s depressive symptoms. Findings have implications for improving support from informal and formal sources and subsequently, IPV-exposed women’s psychological well-being.
Identifying and quantifying heterogeneous boreal forest structures using laser scanner data

Structural characteristics of forest stands, e.g. in relation to carbon content and biodiversity, are of special interest. It has been stated in numerous publications that discrete return laser scanner data produce accurate information on a tree canopy since the quantiles of the height distribution of laser scanner data are related to the vertical structure of the tree canopy. Since some of the laser pulses will penetrate under the dominant tree layer, it is also possible to analyse multi-layered stands. In this study the existence and number of suppressed trees was examined. This was carried out by analysing the height distributions of reflected laser pulses. In this laser data (Toposys Falcon, survey May 2003 in Kalkkinen, flight altitude 400 m AGL) the average number of laser pulse hits per 1 m was 12. The reference data consisted of 28 accurately measured field sample plots. These plots include highly heterogeneous boreal forest structures. The existence of lower canopy layers, i.e. suppressed trees, was analysed visually by viewing the plotwise 3D-images of laser scanner based canopy height point data and examining distributions of canopy densities which were computed as the proportions of laser hits above different height quantiles. Furthermore, a developed histogram thresholding method (HistMod) was applied to the height distribution of laser hits in order to separate different tree storeys. Finally, the number and mean height of suppressed trees were predicted with estimated regression models. The results showed that multi-layered stand structures can be recognised and quantified using quantiles of laser scanner height distribution data. However, the accuracy of the results is dependent on the density of the dominant tree layer.
Predictors of the Pain Perception and Self-Efficacy for Pain Control in Patients with Fibromyalgia

Objective: This study analyzes the role of a number of cognitive-affective dimensions in the experience and coping of pain in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Specifically, it was examined whether anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing and pain-related anxiety predict the pain perception and the self-efficacy expectations in these patients. Method: Seventy-four fibromyalgia patients were asked to complete a questionnaire survey including the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-20, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Results: Some relevant correlation and predicting patterns were identified. Physiological anxiety was the best predictor of the sensorial dimension of pain. Pain fear was a significant predictor of the pain intensity. Helplessness was the best predictor of the affective dimension of pain, whereas depression was a significant predicting variable of the self-efficacy expectations. Conclusions: This study shows the relevance of the pain-related anxiety in the pain perception, and of the depression in the self-efficacy expectations in FM patients. Clinical applications of the findings and further research lines in this area are discussed. En este estudio se analiza el rol de diversas dimensiones cognitivo-afectivas en la experiencia y afrontamiento del dolor de personas con fibromialgia (FM). Específicamente, se examina si la ansiedad, la depresión, la catastrofización del dolor y la ansiedad ante el dolor predicen la percepción del dolor y las expectativas de autoeficacia en estos pacientes. Método: 74 pacientes con FM completaron una batería de cuestionarios entre los que se incluía el Cuestionario de Autoeficacia en Dolor Crónico, la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión en el Hospital, la Escala de Síntomas de Ansiedad ante el Dolor-20, la Escala de Catastrofización del Dolor y la versión corta del Cuestionario de Dolor de McGill. Resultados: Se identificaron algunos patrones correlacionales y predictivos relevantes. La ansiedad fisiológica fue el mejor predictor de la dimensión sensorial del dolor. El miedo al dolor fue un predictor significativo de la intensidad del dolor. La indefensión fue el mejor predictor de la dimensión afectiva del dolor, mientras que la depresión fue una variable predictora significativa de las expectativas de autoeficacia. Conclusiones: Este estudio pone de manifiesto la relevancia de la ansiedad ante el dolor en la percepción del dolor y de la depresión en las expectativas de autoeficacia en pacientes con FM. Se discuten las aplicaciones clínicas de los resultados y se señalan futuras líneas de investigación en este área.
Verbal-Report Data on Reading Strategies

This study provides information about reading and summarizing strategies among expert readers, and tests the effect of manipulating processing-verbal report interval. Twenty undergraduates read and summarized an expository text, while being observed, on day one. Half of the subjects reported their thoughts and actions immediately afterward. The other 10 subjects reported two days later. Ten reading-summarizing strategies were reported more than once by undergraduates. Most summarization “rules” discussed in the literature appeared in the list. Clear processing-verbal report interval completeness effects were found, favoring the subjects who reported immediately following processing. Research implications are drawn.
The method of facial expression recognition based on DWT-PCA/LDA

An efficient facial expression recognition method by combining the Discrete Wavelet Transform (denoted by DWT) with PCA /Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis(denoted by PCA/FLD) method is proposed. First, each image is decomposed by using DWT, so that the decomposed image contains the large amount of information of the original image. Then, FLD approach is used to extract features from the decomposed low-frequency and high-frequency components. Finally, using the nearest neighbor classifier(denoted by NNC) to recognize the facial expression. High-frequency information characterizes the details of the contour, edge and texture features of images, which are the key to facial expression recognition. So the algorithm selects the low-frequency component meanwhile retains high-frequency information, and through experiments to verify the impact of high-frequency component on facial expression recognition. The algorithm is simple, fast, easy to implement, experiment results show that recognition performance is good, besides it holds some robustness and generalization.
On the Use of Visual Soft Semantics for Video Temporal Decomposition to Scenes

This work examines the possibility of exploiting, for the purpose of video segmentation to scenes, semantic information coming from the analysis of the visual modality. This information, in contrast to the low-level visual features typically used in previous approaches, is obtained by application of trained visual concept detectors such as those developed and evaluated as part of the TRECVID High-Level Feature Extraction Task. A large number of non-binary detectors is used for defining a high dimensional semantic space. In this space, each shot is represented by the vector of detector confidence scores, and the similarity of two shots is evaluated by defining an appropriate shot semantic similarity measure. Evaluation of the proposed approach is performed on two test datasets, using baseline concept detectors trained on a dataset completely different from the test ones. The results show that the use of such semantic information, which we term ``visual soft semantics'', contributes to improved video decomposition to scenes.
Palatal Complexity Revisited: An Electropalatographic Analysis of /ɲ/ in Brazilian Portuguese with Comparison to Peninsular Spanish

Are palatal consonants articulated by multiple tongue gestures (coronal and dorsal) or by a single gesture that brings the tongue into contact with the palate at several places of articulation? The lenition of palatal consonants (resulting in approximants) has been presented as evidence that palatals are simple, not complex: When reduced, they do not lose their coronal gesture and become dorsals; instead, they manifest reduced linguopalatal contact while retaining their anterior place of articulation. The frequently-reported deocclusivization of the Brazilian Portuguese (BP) palatal nasal may support this claim. However, the linguopalatal configuration of this sound has not been studied directly. Electropalatographic evidence from three speakers of BP (compared with data from three speakers of Peninsular Spanish) demonstrates that the palatal nasal is frequently realized as an approximant. There is no evidence of anterior occlusion in BP’s post-palatal, lenited nasal. Under conditions of focus/hyperarticulation, there is no evidence of stronger/more anterior occlusion. We argue that the articulatory target of the BP palatal nasal is neither occluded nor anterior.
On the Role of the Implicit Self-Concept in Adult Attachment

We report a study that was designed to investigate attachment-related differences in the implicit self-concept and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) in the context of attachment research. Two variants of the IAT were used to assess implicit relational self-esteem and relational anxiety after stress induction. Results showed that both the relational self-esteem and relational anxiety IAT (1) were meaningfully related to individual differences in attachment style and (2) predicted cognitive and affective reactions to attachment-related distress in addition to and beyond self-report measures of attachment. The results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of the IAT as an index of the implicit attachment self-concept.
Forced Alignment Under Adverse Conditions Dept . of CIS-Senior Design

The problem of forced alignment is that of matching phonetic segments in an audio sample to its corresponding transcription, which is a vital part of indexing audio files. While various methods have been employed to accomplish this task, the results become less accurate under adverse alignment conditions caused by various disturbances in the audio as well as transcription errors. In fact, the alignment errors are usually left undiscovered until the aligned audio and transcript combination is later reviewed by human eyes and ears, thus defeating the purpose of an automated transcription and alignment process. This project seeks to develop a robust method to improve existing forced alignment techniques and increase their functionality. This will be accomplished by developing a technique to detect errors in alignment and produce correction algorithms to reduce the frequency of these errors. Various methods to find and fix errors in the alignment process will be examined. By combining these different techniques, a more accurate forced alignment package will be generated, which will be able to operate in adverse conditions found in both the transcript and audio.