Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mechanism of Naringin-enhanced remyelination after spinal cord injury

Our previous study revealed that intragastric administration of naringin improved remyelination in rats with spinal cord injury and promoted the recovery of neurological function of the injured spinal cord. This study sought to reveal the mechanisms by which naringin improves oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and maturation, and promotes remyelination. Spinal cord injury was induced in rats by the weight-drop method. Naringin was intragastrically administered daily (20, 40 mg/kg) for 4 weeks after spinal cord injury induction. Behavioral assessment, histopathological staining, immunofluorescence spectroscopy, ultrastructural analysis and biochemical assays were employed. Naringin treatment remarkably mitigated demyelination in the white matter, increased the quality of myelinated nerve fibers and myelin sheath thickness, promoted oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation by upregulating the expression of NKx2.2 and 2′3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase, and inhibited β-catenin expression and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) phosphorylation. These findings indicate that naringin treatment regulates oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and promotes remyelination after spinal cord injury through the β-catenin/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
A Report–Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Guidelines for Research

Authors Dr M C Sharpe MRCPsych Clinical Lecturer, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford Dr L C Archard PhD Senior Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London Professor J E Banatvala MD Professor of Virology, Department of Virology, St Thomas' Hospital Medical School, London Dr L K Borysiewicz FRCP Wellcome Trust Senior Lecturer, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge Professor A W Clare MD Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Trinity College, Dublin Dr A David MRCPsych MRC Training Fellow, Institute of Psychiatry, London Professor R H T Edwards FRCP Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool Dr K E H Hawton DM Consultant Psychiatrist, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford Professor H P Lambert MD Emeritus Professor of Microbial Disease, St George's Hospital Medical School, London Dr R J M Lane MD Consultant Neurologist, Regional Neurosciences Centre, Charing Cross Hospital, London Dr E M McDonald MRCPsych Research Psychiatrist, Institute of Psychiatry, London Professor J F Mowbray FRCP Immunopathology, Department oflmmunopathology, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London Dr D J Pearson FRCP Senior Lecturer, Department of Medicine, University of Manchester Dr TEA Peto MRCP Consultant Physician, Department of Infectious Diseases, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford Dr V R Preedy PhD Research Biochemist, Department of Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London Dr A P Smith PhD Research Psychologist, Department of Psychology, University of Sussex Dr D G Smith MB General Practitioner, Horndonon-the-Hill, Essex Dr D J Taylor DPhil MRC Staff Scientist, MRC Biochemical and Clinical Magnetic Resonance Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford Dr D A J Tyrrell MD Director, MRC Common Cold Unit, Harvard Hospital, Salisbury Dr S Wessely MRCPsych Wellcome Training Fellow in Epidemiology, Institute of Psychiatry, London Dr P D White MRCPsych Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychological Medicine, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London Other signatories who contributed to the guidelines but who were unable to attend the meeting Professor P 0 Behan MD Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Glasgow Dr F Clifford Rose FRCP Director, Academic Unit of Neuroscience, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, London Professor T J Peters FRCP Professor of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London Dr P G Wallace MRCGP Head of Research Unit, Department of General Practice, St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London Professor D A Warrell FRCP Professor of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford Dr D J M Wright MD Consultant Microbiologist, Department of Microbiology, Charing Cross Hospital, London
GRP78 and Cripto Form a Complex at the Cell Surface and Collaborate To Inhibit Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling and Enhance Cell Growth

ABSTRACT Cripto is a multifunctional cell surface protein with important roles in vertebrate embryogenesis and the progression of human tumors. While Cripto has been shown to modulate multiple signaling pathways, its binding partners do not appear to fully explain its molecular actions. Therefore, we conducted a screen aimed at identifying novel Cripto-interacting proteins. This screen led to our identification of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone that is also expressed at the surfaces of tumor cells. Here we demonstrate that Cripto and GRP78 interact at the cell surfaces of multiple cell lines and that their interaction is independent of prior association within the ER. Interestingly, short hairpin RNA knockdown of endogenous GRP78 resulted in enhanced transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling, indicating that like Cripto, GRP78 inhibits this pathway. We further show that when coexpressed, GRP78 and Cripto collaborate to antagonize TGF-β responses, including Smad phosphorylation and growth inhibition of prostate cancer cells grown under anchorage-dependent or -independent conditions. Finally, we provide evidence that cells coexpressing GRP78 and Cripto grow much more rapidly in soft agar than do cells expressing either protein individually. Together, our results indicate that these proteins bind at the cell surface to enhance tumor growth via the inhibition of TGF-β signaling.
Principais pragas subterrâneas do milho no Brasil.

O ataque de pragas subterrâneas as lavouras de milho vem causando reducao de rendimentos desde os primordios da agricultura. No passado recente, a dificuldade inerente para pesquisar e desenvolver tecnologias de controle para esse grupo de pragas, que habitam o solo onde nao sao visualizadas diretamente, fez com que o problema fosse muitas vezes subestimado, retardando o desenvolvimento de solucoes para o setor produtivo. Entretanto, a resposta eficaz da pesquisa agricola brasileira possibilitou identificar a demanda de solucoes e a importância das pragas subterrâneas para o produtor de milho no Brasil, e, assim, pesquisadores vem investigando e oferecendo respostas para superar as lacunas existentes. Esse documento tem como proposta difundir tecnicas mais recentes disponiveis para o reconhecimento, monitoramento, manejo e controle integrado das principais pragas subterrâneas da cultura do milho, visando reduzir perdas para o produtor rural. Para tanto, esse publicacao agrega um numero significativo de especialistas sobre o tema, demonstrando uma concreta cooperacao entre pessoas e instituicoes de ensino e de pesquisa em prol do desenvolvimento da agricultura brasileira.
Role of next-nearest-neighbor hopping in the t-t'-J model.

A next-nearest-neighbor hopping [ital t][prime] in the [ital t]-[ital t][prime]-[ital J] model has a different sign between the hole- and electron-doped systems of high-[ital T][sub [ital c]] cuprates: [ital t][prime][lt]0 for the hole-doped system and [ital t][prime][gt]0 for the electron-doped system. We show that the sign is responsible for the remarkable difference of antiferromagnetic (AF) phases between the two systems. To reveal this and clarify the role of [ital t][prime], we examine magnetic excitations of the [ital t]-[ital t][prime]-[ital J] model by employing exact diagonalization techniques for 4[times]4 and [radical]18 [times] [radical]18 lattices. In the low-doping region (two-hole case of the [radical]18 [times] [radical]18 lattice), AF spin correlations are stabilized for the case of [ital t][prime][gt]0, i.e., electron-doping case, but not for the case of [ital t][prime][lt]0. In the high-doping region (four-hole case of the 4[times]4 lattice and more) magnetic excitations are mainly controlled by the geometry of the Fermi surface of the noninteracting system.
Fabrication of Small Reference Probe and Its Application

This paper presents a disk-type small reference probe operating up to 1 GHz as an electric field transfer sensor. The probe is calibrated using a mu-TEM cell and demonstrates a wide useable electric field strength range. Design and calibration methods are presented. The probe is suitable for testing and comparing the performances of reference field generation systems, both TEM cells and antennas. As an application, a technique for measuring the antenna gain is proposed and applied to open-ended waveguide antennas
Cross-listing and Firm Information Environment : Does SOX Section 302 Have Any Material Effect ? *

Previous literature documents that foreign firms cross-listed in the U.S. Stock Exchanges experience an improvement in the information environment. This paper disputes the idea that cross-listing per se increases the quality of the firm information environment by considering whether this enhancement depends on the effective adoption of stricter rules. As research setting, we use Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that requires US listed firms to disclose any discovered internal control deficiency on internal controls over financial reporting. Our findings support the idea that the quality of the firm information environment is higher for cross-listed firms than for their home country peers only when cross-listed firms effectively commit themselves to higher levels of corporate transparency. Our results are robust to the endogeneity of cross-listing decision and to unobservable factors related to internal control deficiency. JEL classification: M41, G14, G15, K22
Performance of clinical mammography: A nationwide study from Denmark

Clinical mammography is the key tool for breast cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the impact of the organisational set‐up on the performance. We evaluated whether organisatorial factors influence the performance of clinical mammography. Clinical mammography data from all clinics in Denmark in the year 2000 were collected and linked to cancer outcome. Use of the National Institute of Radiation Hygiene register for identification of radiology clinics ensured comprehensive nationwide registration. We used the final mammographic assessment at the end of the imaging work‐up to determine sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, the latter using a receiver‐operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. In 96,534 clinical mammography examinations, sensitivity was 75% and specificity 99%. The presence of at least one high volume‐reading radiologist in the clinic increased accuracy (AUC = 0.91 for <1,000 examinations/year and 0.92 for >2,000 examinations/year, p = 0.017). The examination volume per clinic showed no clear effect on performance, as accuracy was significantly higher in clinics with a medium number of examinations (AUC = 0.93 for 2,000–4,000 examinations/year and 0.90 for >6,000 examinations/year, p = 0.003). Accuracy was significantly lower in regions with high annual utilisation rate of clinical mammography, which means the proportion of examined women in a region (AUC = 0.90 for 3.0–5.0% annual utilisation rate and AUC = 0.93 for 2.0–2.5% annual utilisation rate, and p = 0.001), indicating that clinical mammography worked best in patient populations of purely symptomatic women. Our data indicate that to increase the accuracy of clinical mammography at the community level, the presence of an experienced radiologist should be prioritised ahead of raising the clinic size. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Harmonics and interharmonics estimation of wind power plant using sliding window matrix pencil

Wind power plant is source of harmonics and inter-harmonics. Estimation of these harmonics is very important and crucial task in modern distribution generation environment. This paper presents sliding window matrix pencil algorithm to estimate harmonics and inter harmonics produced by doubly fed induction generator based wind power plant. The series of simulation results under variable wind speed is performed to show the effectiveness of proposed algorithm and its performance is also compared with sliding widow ESPRIT.
A Poly-quadratic Approach to Quantized Feedback Systems

This paper presents a poly-quadratic approach to the problems of analysis and synthesis for quantized feedback systems. Both single- and multiple-input cases are considered, with complete results provided for stability and Hinfin performance analysis as well as controller synthesis for discrete-time state-feedback control systems with logarithmic quantizers. The most significant feature of the poly-quadratic approach is the utilization of a quantization error dependent Lyapunov function, leading to less conservative results, which is shown both theoretically and through numerical examples
Attributable Cost and Length of Stay for Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infections

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are common types of hospital-acquired infections associated with high morbidity. Little is known about the attributable cost and length of stay (LOS) of CLABSI in pediatric inpatient settings. We determined the cost and LOS attributable to pediatric CLABSI from 2008 through 2011. METHODS: A propensity score–matched case-control study was performed. Children <18 years with inpatient discharges in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample databases from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project from 2008 to 2011 were included. Discharges with CLABSI were matched to those without CLABSI by age, year, and high dimensional propensity score (obtained from a logistic regression of CLABSI status on patient characteristics and the presence or absence of 262 individual clinical classification software diagnoses). Our main outcome measures were estimated costs obtained from cost-to-charge ratios and LOS for pediatric discharges. RESULTS: The mean attributable cost and LOS between matched CLABSI cases (1339) and non-CLABSI controls (2678) was $55 646 (2011 dollars) and 19 days, respectively. Between 2008 and 2011, the rate of pediatric CLABSI declined from 1.08 to 0.60 per 1000 (P < .001). Estimates of mean costs of treating patients with CLABSI declined from $111 852 to $98 621 (11.8%; P < .001) over this period, but cost of treating matched non-CLABSI patients remained constant at ∼$48 000. CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant improvement in rates, CLABSI remains a burden on patients, families, and payers. Continued attention to CLABSI-prevention initiatives and lower-cost CLABSI care management strategies to support high-value pediatric care delivery is warranted.
Two-dimensional analytical model for threshold voltage of graded-channel SOI MOSFETs

This paper presents a two-dimensional (2D) analytical model for threshold voltage of fully depleted graded-channel silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs. The two-dimensional Poisson's equation is solved in different channel regions with parabolic approximation by using suitable boundary conditions. The effect of different device parameters on device performance has been studied. Results confirmed that a graded-channel structure gives better immunity against Short-Channel-Effects (SCEs) in comparison to conventional SOI MOSFETs. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the analytical model results with the simulation results obtained by commercially available two-dimensional device simulator, ATLAS.
House prices, mortgage debt and labour supply: evidence from Australian households

This Positioning Paper outlines the research questions and methodology for an AHURI research study which utilises HILDA panel data and instrumental variable econometric techniques to interrogate the relationship between housing prices, household debt and labour supply in Australia. It provides preliminary evidence of important differences in the magnitude and expression of these relationships for partnered and single Australians over the life-course. The Final Report will employ HILDA data in tandem with a historical series of median house prices at LGA level sourced from RP data. Both panel data and instrumental variable econometric techniques will be used in order to provide robust estimates of the links between house prices and household debt, and between labour supply, housing debt and house prices. Our proposed methodologies will address issues of sample selection, unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity or simultaneity bias.
Feasibility of pre-discharge training in the self-management of oral anticoagulation.

Chief Researcher, Center for Clinical Quality and Safety, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel Research Assistant, Center for Clinical Quality and Safety, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel Chief Nurse, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel Consultant, Clalit Health Services, Kfar Chabad Clinic, Kfar Chabad, Israel Professor of Medicine, Center for Clinical Quality and Safety, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
An Aneurinibacillus sp. strain AM‐1 produces a proline‐specific aminopeptidase useful for collagen degradation

Aims: We have been for a species of thermophilic bacteria that can effectively decompose collagen and collagen peptides that tend to be hard‐to‐degrade proteins because of their high content of proline residues. This study focused upon the enzymatic degradation of prolyl peptides by thermophilic bacteria.
Increased measures of anxiety and weight gain in mice lacking the group III metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR8

To study the role of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (mGluR8), mice lacking this receptor were generated by homologous recombination. Homozygous mGluR8‐deficient mice are about 8% heavier than their wild‐type age‐matched controls after reaching 4 weeks of age. This weight difference is not caused by an altered food intake and is not exacerbated by feeding the animals a high‐fat diet. Moreover, mGluR8–/– mice are mildly insulin resistant, possibly as a result of being overweight. Behavioral testing revealed a reduced locomotor activity of mGluR8–/– mice compared with wild‐type mice during the first 3 days in a novel enclosed environment. However after 3 days, the locomotor activities of wild‐type and mGluR8–/– mice were similar, suggesting a reduced exploratory behavior of mGluR8–/– mice in a novel enclosed environment. By contrast, there were no genotype differences in locomotor activity in the open field, plus maze, or in total time spent exploring objects during object recognition tests, indicating that there is a dissociation between effects of mGluR8 deficiency in exploratory activity in a novel safe enclosed environment vs. a more anxiogenic novel open environment. The absence of mGluR8 also leads to increased measures of anxiety in the open field and elevated plus maze. Whether the diverse phenotypic differences observed in mGluR8–/– mice result from the misregulation of a unique neural pathway, possibly in the thalamus or hypothalamus, or whether they are the consequence of multiple developmental and functional alterations in synaptic transmission, remains to be determined.
Effect of NorLeu3‐A(1‐7) on scar formation over time after full‐thickness incision injury in the rat

Previous studies have shown that the angiotensin peptide NorLeu3‐A(1‐7) accelerates dermal healing and reduces scar formation. In this report, the effect of this peptide on scar formation is more fully delineated. The effect of surgical day, time after injury, and observer on the clinical appearance of the incision were determined. Clinical observations of incision site, including inflammation, opening of the injury, and appearance of scar, were conducted by two observers blinded to treatment (two observations per time point) twice weekly. Opening of the incision occurred in 35–40% of incisions early (days 4 and 7) after injury. Administration of NorLeu3‐A(1‐7) at the time of injury reduced the incidence of opening at day 7 to approximately 20%. Further, the length of the wound opening was significantly reduced in the peptide‐treated incisions at day 7. Starting on day 14 after injury, scar formation was evaluated. Up to 80–90% of control animals had observable scars starting on day 14. Thereafter, the scar remodeled with fewer incisions having visible scar on day 28. With administration of NorLeu3‐A(1‐7), significantly fewer incisions had observable scars starting on day 14 and throughout the study. As few as 20% of the incisions had observable scars on day 28. The histological appearance of the healing wound was also evaluated at weekly intervals starting on day 7 and continued until day 42. At day 7, the maximal number of fibroblasts at the wound site was observed. Thereafter, the number gradually reduced, reaching a plateau at day 28. The administration of peptide had no effect on fibroblast number at the incision site. A similar pattern was observed in the thickness of the epidermis with the resolution of the hyperplastic phase at day 21. Administration of the peptide significantly increased epidermal height at day 7. Blood vessel formation peaked on day 21 and 28 in control wounds and was further enhanced by peptide administration during the neovascularization phase. After day 28, blood vessel number was comparable between control and treated incisions. Collagen deposition and remodeling were increased by the administration of NorLeu3‐A(1‐7) at the time of injury.
Implications of clock distribution faults and issues with screening them during manufacturing testing

Based on real process data of a reference microprocessor, fault models are derived for the manufacturing defects most likely to affect signals of the clock distribution network. Their probability is estimated with Inductive Fault Analysis performed on the actual layout of the reference microprocessor. The effects of the most likely faults have been evaluated by electrical level simulations. We have found that, contrary to common assumptions, only a small percentage of such faults result in catastrophic failures easily detected during manufacturing testing. On the contrary, the majority of such faults lead to local failures not likely to be detected during manufacturing testing, despite their possibly compromising the microprocessor operation and reliability. In particular, we have found that the clock faults can be detected during manufacturing testing in only 12 percent of cases. Even more surprisingly, we have also found that, in 10 percent of cases, the undetected clock faults also invalidate the testing procedure itself.