Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enzymes responsible for the bactericidal effect in extracts of vitelline and fertilisation envelopes of rainbow trout eggs

Extracts from both the vitelline envelope (VE) and fertilisation envelopes (FE) of rainbow trout eggs have the ability to exert a bactericidal effect on Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. The effect may be due to the presence of phospholipase D (PLD), lysozyme, proteinase and DNases, as the extracts contain these enzyme activities. The intensity of chorionic PLD and lysozyme activities in the VE extract was maintained in the FE without any alteration in activity even after transformation in the course of the cortical reaction, as components of a fundamental architecture of the envelope. Both extracts also contain different types of proteinase activities. Treatment with VE or FE extract seriously damaged the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and the plasma membrane of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria at the ultrastructural level. Chorionic DNases probably degrade DNA of bacterial cells killed by virtue of the action of PLD and/or lysozyme and contribute to the transmigration of nucleosides and/or nucleotides produced by degrading bacterial DNA after degradation of bacterial components by the actions of the chorionic PLD, lysozyme and proteinase. These results suggest that the bactericidal process manifested by the VE or FE extract may start with the action of PLD and/or lysozyme against bacteria and be completed by subsequent degradation of constitutive proteins and DNA by the action of proteinases and DNases, respectively. Thus the VE and FE are able to protect the egg itself and the embryo, respectively, from bacterial infection in the internal or external environments.
A Modified Sliding Window Architecture for Efficient BRAM Resource Utilization

Sliding window is one of the most commonly used techniques in image processing algorithms. Implementing it in hardware requires buffering image rows on-chip to exploit data locality and avoid redundant off-chip pixel transfers. However, scaling this architecture to large window sizes or high resolutions linearly increases on-chip memory utilization. This imposes limitations on porting many image processing algorithms into hardware efficiently. In this paper, we propose a new sliding window architecture that utilizes less on-chip memory resources while maintaining performance as compared to the traditional method. The proposed architecture exploits that most natural images have smooth color variations with fine details in between these variations to compress images. It decomposes non-zero image pixels into their wavelet components and represents each wavelet coefficient with a minimum number of bits. The architecture is also flexible to use lossless or lossy compression based on a configurable threshold value. The FPGA implementation of our proposed architecture shows memory saving of 25-70% compared to the traditional architecture using lossless compression, and for lossy compression with up to a mean square error of 5 achieves up to 84% in memory savings.
Morphometric Analysis of the Intestine of Domestic Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Treated with Different Levels of Dietary Calcium

The aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the various parts of the intestine of the domestic quail. Twenty‐four female quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged 37 weeks were used and accommodated in laying cages for 12 weeks. Each group was fed a standardized diet containing different quantities of calcium: 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0% and 3.5%. The birds were weighed, killed, and samples of 1 cm were collected from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and submitted to the histological routine. The sections obtained were stained in haematoxylin & eosin (H&E). For morphometric analysis, 30 villi and 30 crypts of each segment of the small intestine were measured in order to determine the height and area of the villi, as well as the depth of the crypts. The results showed that although the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract was maintained in all the birds treated with the different calcium levels, a calcium level of 3.0% showed the most promise, as the levels of 2.0% and 2.5% did not cause any alteration in the intestinal tract. Furthermore, a calcium level of 3.5% led to a significant reduction in the height of the villosities, and in consequence reduced the digestive and absorptive capabilities.
A reduced-size and tunable branch-line 3dB hybrid

This paper proposes a reduced-size and tunable 3dB branch-line hybrid. The proposed hybrid consists of short transmission lines with equal characteristic impedance and shunt lumped tuning capacitors. The authors fabricated the proposed hybrid on PTFE substrates at 2GHz. In the measurements, while tuning capacitance changes from 1.3pF to 2.7pF, center frequency shifted 1.8GHz to 2.4GHz, with −19.5dB return loss, ±0.3dB outputs amplitude difference, and 90±3° phase difference. These measurement results agree with analytical calculation accurately. In general, these hybrids are particularly useful for power dividers or power combiners in microwave circuit as balanced mixers, image-rejection mixers, and balanced amplifiers.
Some Observations on Parallel Algorithms for Fast Exponentiation in GF(2^n)

A normal basis representation of $\operatorname{GF}(2^{n})$ allows squaring to be accomplished by a cyclic shift. Algorithms for multiplication in $\operatorname{GF}(2^{n})$ using a normal basis have been studied by several researchers. In this paper, algorithms for performing exponentiation in $\operatorname{GF}(2^{n})$ using a normal basis, and how they can be speeded up by using parallelization, are investigated.
Effectiveness of physiotherapy in acute phase of stroke

The aim of the study was an analysis of the functional state of patients by means of test scales in a set of patients after acute stroke with moderate and light disablement in the course of hospitalisation at 1st Department of Neurology of the Masaryk University Faculty of Medicine with intensive rehabilitation treatment. Ninety-six patients were examined before and after complete rehabilitation, and the measure of functional disablement, functional disorder, and quality of life were tested. The results proved that a complex therapy along with intensive rehabilitation led in patients after stroke in the acute phase to an improvement of their functional state and reduction of the measure of impairment of motor and cognitive functions; the differences were statistically significant.
Crowds for Clouds: Recent Trends in Humanities Research Infrastructures

Humanities have convincingly argued that they need transnational research opportunities and through the digital transformation of their disciplines also have the means to proceed with it on an up to now unknown scale. The digital transformation of research and its resources means that many of the artifacts, documents, materials, etc. that interest humanities research can now be combined in new and innovative ways. Due to the digital transformations, (big) data and information have become central to the study of culture and society. Humanities research infrastructures manage, organise and distribute this kind of information and many more data objects as they becomes relevant for social and cultural research.
The classification of tumours of the central nervous system.

Soft Tissue and Bone Tumours-W. H. O. Classification WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board 2020-04-17 PLEASE NOTE: Text has been accidentally deleted frompage 54 of this book. Please refer to the corrigenda (PDF file) posted on the Stylus Publishing web site or email stylusinfo@styluspub.com for an updated, printable page. ****When not purchasing directly from the official sales agents of the WHO, especially at online bookshops, please note that there have been issues with counterfeited copies. Buy only from known sellers and if there are quality issues, please contact the seller for a refund. ***** Soft Tissue and Bone Tumoursis the third volume in the 5th edition ofthe WHO series on the classification of human tumours. This series (also knownas the WHO Blue Books) is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis oftumours and comprises a unique synthesis of histopathological diagnosis with digital and molecular pathology. These authoritative and concise referencebooks provide indispensable international standards for anyone involved in thecare of patients with cancer or in cancer research, underpinning individualpatient treatment as well as research into all aspects of cancer causation,prevention, therapy, and education. This volume will be of particular interest to pathologists, oncologists,surgeons, and epidemiologists who manage or research soft tissue and bonetumours. Sections are included on all recognized neoplasms of the soft tissueand bone, as well as on genetic tumour syndromes affecting these sites. Sincethe previous edition, there have been changes based on recent molecular andgenetic information, with impact on clinical practice.
A frequency-weighted Itakura spectral distortion measure and its application to speech recognition in noise

The performance of a recognizer based on the Itakura spectral distortion measure deteriorates when speech signals are corrupted by noise, specially if it is not feasible to train and to test the recognizer under similar noise conditions. To alleviate this problem, we consider a more noise-resistant, weighted spectral distortion measure which weights the high SNR regions in frequency more than the low SNR regions. For the weighting function we choose a "bandwidth broadened" test spectrum; it weights spectral distortion more at the peaks than at the valleys of the spectrum. The amount of weighting is adapted according to an estimate of SNR, and becomes essentially constant in the noise-free case. The new measure has the dot product form and computaional efficiency of the Itakura distortion measure in the autocorrelation domain. It has been tested on a 10 speaker, isolated digit data base in a series of speaker independent speech recognition experiments. Additive white Gaussian noise was used to simulate different SNR conditions (from 5 dB to ∞ dB). The new measure performs as well as the original unweighted Itakura distortion measure at high SNR's, and significantly better at medium to low SNRs. At an SNR of 5 dB, the new measure achieves a digit error rate of 12.49% while the original Itakura distortion gives an error rate of 27.6%. The equivalent SNR improvement at low SNR's, is about 5 - 7 dB.
Characteristics of Highway Stormwater Runoff

Highway stormwater runoff was monitored at three highway sites in Los Angeles, California, during the 2000 to 2003 wet seasons. Event mean concentrations (EMCs), partial event mean concentrations (PEMCs), and mass first flush (MFF) factors were calculated for more than 20 water quality parameters for samples from 20 storm events from each site. The early runoff had higher concentrations, as indicated by the PEMCs at 30 and 60 minutes into the storm, which were 1.9 to 7.4 times higher than the EMCs. A strong first flush was observed for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and other organic pollutants, with 40% of the pollutant mass being discharged in the first 20% of the runoff. A weak first flush was observed for ionic pollutants, such as nitrate and nitrite. Pearson correlation analyses of the EMCs, PEMCs, and MFFs showed strong correlations among dissolved organic carbon, COD, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, oil and grease, and ammonia‐nitrogen. Contrary to generally held beliefs, poor correlation between total suspended solids and most other conventional pollutants was observed. In addition, poor correlation between most monitored pollutants and storm characteristics, except for antecedent dry days, was observed.
Based on the Time-Frequency Analysis to Distinguish Different Epileptiform EEG Signals

Time-frequency analysis is a robust signal processing tool for the estimation of time-frequency relation and is widely used to analyze electroencephalographic (EEG). EEG recordings provide valuable information about electrical activity of the neurons in the brain, so it is an important tool in studying and recognizing several neurological disorders like epilepsy. The main goal of this paper was to distinguish different characteristics EEG between pilocarpine-induced and penicillin- induced epileptiform discharges using time-frequency analysis. The results showed that in the course of epilepsy, changes of the frequency and the energy were characteristic. High frequency and high energy distribution period was unsynchronized in pilocarpine-induced epileptiform discharges, especially before onset, EEG appeared the highest frequency, but energy was the lowest. However, frequency was lower in the whole process and energy increased significantly after the attack in penicillin- induced epileptiform discharges. These differences between pilocarpine-induced and penicillin-induced epileptiform discharges may relate to respective excitatory mechanism which needs studying further.
Intelligent traffic light control for congestion management for smart city development

Smart City development centres around efficient resource management along with sustainable support to the environment. This paper presents methods for intelligent control of traffic lights for traffic management and resolving road congestion incidents. The increasing volume of traffic, along with ineffective management of road capacity, has contributed towards increasing number of congestion events on road networks. The congestion events may be managed through control of the sequence in which traffic lights turn green, along with modifying the time for which the lights are green for each phase. In this paper, optimal traffic light sequence is obtained for a single intersection (node) using the Hopfield Neural Network (HNN). The optimal green time (gi) for the traffic lights is obtained using Genetic Algorithm (GA) for a 4 phase road network. It was observed that the HNN provides the optimal sequence of green lights in an average of 16 iterations. GA provides a value of gi that would maximise the traffic flow. Results of optimal gi are presented for various cycle times. It is found that the flow rate increases with the increase in green times (gi).
Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA

Assessing the extent to which changes in lacustrine biodiversity are affected by anthropogenic or climatic forces requires extensive palaeolimnological data. We used high‐throughput sequencing to generate time‐series data encompassing over 2200 years of microbial eukaryotes (protists and Fungi) diversity changes from the sedimentary DNA record of two lakes (Lake Bourget in French Alps and Lake Igaliku in Greenland). From 176 samples, we sequenced a large diversity of microbial eukaryotes, with a total 16 386 operational taxonomic units distributed within 50 phylogenetic groups. Thus, microbial groups, such as Chlorophyta, Dinophyceae, Haptophyceae and Ciliophora, that were not previously considered in lacustrine sediment record analyses appeared to be potential biological markers of trophic status changes. Our data suggest that shifts in relative abundance of extant species, including shifts between rare and abundant taxa, drive ecosystem responses to local and global environmental changes. Community structure shift events were concomitant with major climate variations (more particularly in Lake Igaliku). However, this study shows that the impacts of climatic fluctuations may be overpassed by the high‐magnitude eutrophication impacts, as observed in the eutrophicated Lake Bourget. Overall, our data show that DNA preserved in sediment constitutes a precious archive of information on past biodiversity changes.
Three-dimensional finite element thermal analysis in selective laser melting of Al-Al 2 O 3 powder

The selective laser melting (SLM) of aluminium-based composites continues to be a challenge due to the high reflectivity, high thermal conductivity and oxidation of aluminium, all of which directly influence the thermal performance of each layer during SLM. Due to the extremely rapid melting and cooling rate of aluminium, however, it is difficult to measure thermal performance within practical SLM applications. A three-dimensional finite element simulation model is thus developed in this study to simulate the transient temperature distribution and molten pool dimensions of the premier layer during the SLM of Al-Al2O3 composite powder. In order to produce high-quality parts with minimum defects in a highly efficient manner, the predicted optimum volumetric energy density is found to be 40 J/mm3, with laser power 300 W, scanning speed 1000 mm/s, hatch spacing 150 μm and layer thickness 50 μm; the molten pool size that is produced is 165 μm in length, 160 μm in width and 77 μm in depth, with a predicted maximum temperature of around 3400°C. All of these factors may contribute to the creation of good metallurgic bonding.
Evolution dirigée de deux aminoacyl-ARNt synthétases : Mise en place et applications d'une méthode de 'protein design'

La conception des proteines ou ‘protein design' a pour but de developper des proteines possedant de nouvelles caracteristiques structurales et/ou fonctionnelles. Le principe consiste a identifier parmi toutes les sequences compatibles avec le repliement d'interet, celles qui vont conferer a la proteine, la fonction desiree. La procedure generale est realisee en deux etapes. La premiere consiste a calculer une matrice d'energie contenant les energies d'interactions entre toutes les paires de residus de la proteine en autorisant successivement tous les types d'acides amines dans toutes leurs conformations possibles. La seconde etape, ou ‘phase d'optimisation', consiste a explorer simultanement l'espace des sequences et des conformations afin de determiner la combinaison optimale d'acides amines etant donne le repliement de depart. Ensuite, differents filtres peuvent etre appliques pour selectionner les sequences fonctionnelles (etant donne le repliement d'interet) des non fonctionnelles. La premiere etape a consiste au developpement de la procedure de ‘protein design', en particulier, a la mise en place et a l'optimisation de la fonction d'energie ainsi qu'a l'implementation de l'algorithme d'optimisation. Nous avons montre que notre procedure est robuste puisqu'elle a fait ses preuves dans des applications tres diverses telles que la prediction de l'orientation des chaines laterales, la prediction des changements de stabilite ou d'affinite associes a des mutations ponctuelles, ou encore la production de sequences de type natif pour un jeu de proteines globulaires. Pour l'ensemble de ces applications, la qualite des resultats obtenus est comparable a celle observee chez d'autres groupes. Ensuite, nous avons applique notre procedure a des systemes plus complexes tels que les systemes proteine:ligand. Nous nous sommes interesses a l'aspartyl-ARNt synthetase (AspRS) et l'asparaginyl-ARNt synthetase (AsnRS). Ces enzymes jouent un role crucial dans la traduction du code genetique. Les synthetases fixent leur acide amine specifique sur leur ARNt correspondant etablissant ainsi l'integrite du code genetique. Tout d'abord nous avons realise le ‘design' des sites actifs d'AspRS et d'AsnRS en presence de leur ligand natif et non natif afin d'evaluer les performances de notre procedure. La qualite des sequences predites est comparable a celle observee pour les proteines globulaires entieres. Par ailleurs, nous avons montre que notre procedure etait sensible a la nature du ligand present dans la poche. Enfin, nous avons realise le ‘design' d'un nombre limite de positions dans le site actif de l'AsnRS de facon a ce qu'elle lie preferentiellement l'aspartate au detriment de l'asparagine. Un jeu de mutants prometteurs fut retenu. Leur stabilite et affinite pour les ligands natifs et non natifs est actuellement analyse par des simulations de dynamique moleculaire.
Pedestrian Detection Technique ’ s – A Review

Pedestrian is a main part of the road system.To detect pedestrian is a critical thing in a computer vision . There are many methods are available to detect pedestrian and subsequently to take some action.In this review based paper we have discussed some popular techniques. General Terms Pedestrian, Safety, Object Classification, Region of Interest(ROI)
Free theorems in languages with real-world programming features

Free theorems, type-based assertions about functions, have become a prominent reasoning tool in functional programming languages. But their correct application requires a lot of care. Restrictions arise due to features present in implemented such languages, but not in the language free theorems were originally investigated in. This thesis advances the formal theory behind free theorems w.r. t. the application of such theorems in non-strict functional languages such as Haskell. In particular, the impact of general recursion and forced strict evaluation is investigated. As formal ground, we employ different lambda calculi equipped with a denotational semantics. For a language with general recursion, we develop and implement a counterexample generator that tells if and why restrictions on a certain free theorem arise due to general recursion. If a restriction is necessary, the generator provides a counterexample to the unrestricted free theorem. If not, the generator terminates without returning a counterexample. Thus, we may on the one hand enhance the understanding of restrictions and on the other hand point to cases where restrictions are superfluous. For a language with a strictness primitive, we develop a refined type system that allows to localize the impact of forced strict evaluation. Refined typing results in stronger free theorems and therefore increases the value of the theorems. Moreover, we provide a generator for such stronger theorems. Lastly, we broaden the view on the kind of assertions free theorems provide. For a very simple, strict evaluated, calculus, we enrich free theorems by (runtime) efficiency assertions. We apply the theory to several toy examples. Finally, we investigate the performance gain of the foldr/build program transformation. The latter investigation exemplifies the main application of our theory: Free theorems may not only ensure semantic correctness of program transformations, they may also ensure that a program transformation speeds up a program.