Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Medicine : Are Tissue Adhesives Better than Traditional Suturing for Minor Lacerations ?

The source for this systematic review abstract is: Farion, K; Osmond MH; Hartling, L Tissue Adhesives for traumatic lacerations in children and adults. [Systematic Review] Cochrane Wounds Group Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Volume 3, 2006 MeSH Words: Adhesive, Suture, Laceration, Review
Differential Subcellular Recruitment of Monoacylglycerol Lipase Generates Spatial Specificity of 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol Signaling during Axonal Pathfinding

Endocannabinoids, particularly 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), impact the directional turning and motility of a developing axon by activating CB1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs) in its growth cone. Recent findings posit that sn-1-diacylglycerol lipases (DAGLα/β) synthesize 2-AG in the motile axon segment of developing pyramidal cells. Coincident axonal targeting of CB1Rs and DAGLs prompts the hypothesis that autocrine 2-AG signaling facilitates axonal outgrowth. However, DAGLs alone are insufficient to account for the spatial specificity and dynamics of 2-AG signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that local 2-AG degradation by monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) must play a role. We determined how subcellular recruitment of MGL is temporally and spatially restricted to establish the signaling competence of 2-AG during axonal growth. MGL is expressed in central and peripheral axons of the fetal nervous system by embryonic day 12.5. MGL coexists with DAGLα and CB1Rs in corticofugal axons of pyramidal cells. Here, MGL and DAGLα undergo differential axonal targeting with MGL being excluded from the motile neurite tip. Thus, spatially confined MGL activity generates a 2-AG-sensing microdomain and configures 2-AG signaling to promote axonal growth. Once synaptogenesis commences, MGL disperses in stationary growth cones. The axonal polarity of MGL is maintained by differential proteasomal degradation because inhibiting the ubiquitin proteasome system also induces axonal MGL redistribution. Because MGL inactivation drives a CB1R-dependent axonal growth response, we conclude that 2-AG may act as a focal protrusive signal for developing neurons and whose regulated metabolism is critical for attaining correct axonal complexity.
Characters with Exceptionalities Portrayed in Contemporary Canadian Children's Books

This article examines the ways in which exceptionality is addressed in Canadian children’s literature, offering critical literacy as an avenue toward social justice. A content analysis (Berg, 2009) of 134 Canadian children’s books offers a wide scope of contemporary titles to include in classrooms. We developed conceptual categories to explore patterns and trends through a qualitative interpretive stance (Seidman, 2006). Our findings include the following results: • ethnically diverse characters with exceptionalities, • authentic characters with real-world challenges, • fantasy blended with other genres. As narratives that include exceptionalities become more authentic and abundant, we can become more appreciative of diversity, further affecting inclusive schools and communities.
Novel Association Between Immune-Mediated Susceptibility Loci and Persistent Autoantibody Positivity in Type 1 Diabetes

Islet autoantibodies detected at disease onset in patients with type 1 diabetes are signs of an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. To further investigate the genetic determinants of autoantibody positivity, we performed dense immune-focused genotyping on the Immunochip array and tested for association with seven disease-specific autoantibodies in a large cross-sectional cohort of 6,160 type 1 diabetes–affected siblings. The genetic association with positivity for GAD autoantibodies (GADAs), IA2 antigen (IA-2A), zinc transporter 8, thyroid peroxidase, gastric parietal cells (PCAs), tissue transglutaminase, and 21-hydroxylase was tested using a linear mixed-model regression approach to simultaneously control for population structure and family relatedness. Four loci were associated with autoantibody positivity at genome-wide significance. Positivity for GADA was associated with 3q28/LPP, for IA-2A with 1q23/FCRL3 and 11q13/RELA, and for PCAs with 2q24/IFIH1. The 3q28 locus showed association after only 3 years duration and might therefore be a marker of persistent GADA positivity. The 1q23, 11q13, and 2q24 loci were associated with autoantibodies close to diabetes onset and constitute candidates for early screening. Major susceptibility loci for islet autoantibodies are separate from type 1 diabetes risk, which may have consequences for intervention strategies to reduce autoimmunity.
A Monte Carlo investigation of cumulative dose measurements for cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) dosimetry

Many studies have shown that the computed tomography dose index (CTDI100) which is considered as a main dose descriptor for CT dosimetry fails to provide a realistic reflection of the dose involved in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Several practical approaches have been proposed to overcome drawbacks of the CTDI100. One of these is the cumulative dose concept. The purpose of this study was to investigate four different approaches based on the cumulative dose concept: the cumulative dose (1) f(0,150) and (2) f(0,∞) with a small ionization chamber 20 mm long, and the cumulative dose (3) f100(150) and (4) f100(∞) with a standard 100 mm pencil ionization chamber. The study also aimed to investigate the influence of using the 20 and 100 mm chambers and the standard and the infinitely long phantoms on cumulative dose measurements. Monte Carlo EGSnrc/BEAMnrc and EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc codes were used to simulate a kV imaging system integrated with a TrueBeam linear accelerator and to calculate doses within cylindrical head and body PMMA phantoms with diameters of 16 cm and 32 cm, respectively, and lengths of 150, 600, 900 mm. f(0,150) and f100(150) approaches were studied within the standard PMMA phantoms (150 mm), while the other approaches f(0,∞) and f100(∞) were within infinitely long head (600 mm) and body (900 mm) phantoms. CTDI∞ values were used as a standard to compare the dose values for the approaches studied at the centre and periphery of the phantoms and for the weighted values. Four scanning protocols and beams of width 20–300 mm were used. It has been shown that the f(0,∞) approach gave the highest dose values which were comparable to CTDI∞ values for wide beams. The differences between the weighted dose values obtained with the 20 and 100 mm chambers were significant for the beam widths <120 mm, but these differences declined with increasing beam widths to be within 4%. The weighted dose values calculated within the infinitely long phantoms with both the chambers for the beam widths ≤140 were within 3% of those within the standard phantoms, but the differences rose to be within 15% at wider beams. By comparing the approaches studied in this investigation with other methodologies taking into account the efficiency of the approach as a dose descriptor and the simplicity of the implementation in the clinical environment, the f(0,150) method may be the best for CBCT dosimetry combined with the use of correction factors.
Pattern and Process in the Radiation of Ground-dwelling Squirrels

What causes biological diversity to be unevenly apportioned across the Tree of Life? The pattern is widespread and well-characterized; but our understanding of processes underlying the taxonomic, phenotypic, and ecological disparities of clades remains incomplete. At least some of this disparity is due to clade-specific differences in the ability to respond to ecological opportunity, whereby access to, and exploitation of, different resources in ecological time drives evolutionary divergence and adaptive radiation. However, not all clades respond equivalently to ecological opportunity, and considerable heterogeneity therefore exists in diversification patterns across radiations. This dissertation focuses on patterns and processes of diversification in grounddwelling squirrels of the tribe Marmotini. It seeks to infer phylogeny and describe variation in ecological and phenotypic traits (patterns) and, ultimately, to relate those to the developmental, environmental, and evolutionary factors shaping them (processes). It integrates molecular, morphological, and environmental datasets derived from museum specimens at two taxonomic levels (across the entire tribe and within the genus Urocitellus). Results at each level are evaluated in the context of current evolutionary theory and practice, and these are used to determine whether evolutionary themes exist in marmotine radiation transcending taxonomic and phylogenetic scales.
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE IN ANTHROPOLOGY

Early in the century the mathematician Henri Poincare remarked about sociolo­ gy that it is "the science that possesses the most in the way of methods and the least in the way of results" (36, p. 13). The remark is quoted by Homans (11, p. 19), who adds, "He could not fairly say so now. " The assessment unquestion­ ably would be unfair if referred to anthropology, with respect to either methods or results. Among the disciplines engaged in the study of man, anthropology is compar­ atively free from sub jection to the myth of methodology, that its scientific standing would be assured if only it applied the "right" method. What the "right" method is for anthropology is controversial, but the controversy does not crowd out substantive research. Philosophy of science is not the supreme arbiter of this controversy, though it sometimes sees itself as such, and is taken by others at its own valuation. Most philosophical critiques of method are "nothing more than ethnocentric expres­ sions of culture shock" (5, p. 292), responses to the gap between the subcul­ tures of the professional philosopher and of the working scientist. The logic-in-use of a science is not to be confused with the reconstructed logic of the philosophy of science, an idealization which distorts the reality if taken strictly. The philosopher might discover that a scientist is doing quite successfully what the philosopher told him he could not possibly do (25, p. 162). The scientist need not be embarrassed if he has not succeeded in doing what a philosopher has "proved" to be perfectly possible. Science itself points the way, not the philosophy of science. Evans-Pritchard, repudiating the misconceived authority of the philosophy of science, points out that "those who have most strongly urged that social anthropology should model itself on the
Zfp207 is a Bub3 binding protein regulating meiotic chromosome alignment in mouse oocytes

Zinc finger proteins are a massive, diverse family of proteins that serve a wide variety of biological functions. However, the roles of them during meiosis are not yet clearly defined. Here, we report that Zfp207 localizes at the kinetochores during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Depletion of Zfp207 leads to a significantly higher proportion of impaired spindle organization and misaligned chromosomes in oocytes. This is coupled with the defective kinetochore-microtubule attachments, and resultantly increasing incidence of aneuploid metaphase II eggs. The precocious polar body extrusion and escape of metaphase I arrest induced by nocodazole treatment in Zfp207-depleted oocytes indicates that Zfp207 is essential for activation of SAC (Spindle Assembly Checkpoint) activity. Notably, we find that Zfp207 binds to Bub3 to form a complex and maintains its protein level in oocytes, and that overexpression of Bub3 is able to partially rescue the occurrence of aneuploid eggs in Zfp207-depleted oocytes. Collectively, we identify Zfp207 as a novel Bub3 binding protein in oocytes which plays an important role in controlling meiotic chromosome alignment and SAC function.
For every action: interactive installations in liminal spaces

Liminal spaces are transitory spaces between two areas or states. Such areas can be tied to established social behaviour protocols, which, if broken, can create uncomfortable situations. My over-arching goal for my doctoral research in Computational Media Design is to create interactive installations in liminal spaces that encourage viewers to reflect on and question these social protocols. My work to date realizes this in two art pieces: A Delicate Agreement, and Conditional Balance, each exploring a different instance of liminal space. In the remainder of my doctoral research, I aim to create two more installations that further explore this space and contribute to informing the design of both interactive art and technologies for interaction design.
Estimation of presynaptic calcium currents and endogenous calcium buffers at the frog neuromuscular junction with two different calcium fluorescent dyes

At the frog neuromuscular junction, under physiological conditions, the direct measurement of calcium currents and of the concentration of intracellular calcium buffers—which determine the kinetics of calcium concentration and neurotransmitter release from the nerve terminal—has hitherto been technically impossible. With the aim of quantifying both Ca2+ currents and the intracellular calcium buffers, we measured fluorescence signals from nerve terminals loaded with the low-affinity calcium dye Magnesium Green or the high-affinity dye Oregon Green BAPTA-1, simultaneously with microelectrode recordings of nerve-action potentials and end-plate currents. The action-potential-induced fluorescence signals in the nerve terminals developed much more slowly than the postsynaptic response. To clarify the reasons for this observation and to define a spatiotemporal profile of intracellular calcium and of the concentration of mobile and fixed calcium buffers, mathematical modeling was employed. The best approximations of the experimental calcium transients for both calcium dyes were obtained when the calcium current had an amplitude of 1.6 ± 0.08 pA and a half-decay time of 1.2 ± 0.06 ms, and when the concentrations of mobile and fixed calcium buffers were 250 ± 13 μM and 8 ± 0.4 mM, respectively. High concentrations of endogenous buffers define the time course of calcium transients after an action potential in the axoplasm, and may modify synaptic plasticity.
A study of pricing for cloud resources

We present a study of pricing cloud resources in this position paper. Our objective is to explore and understand the interplay between economics and systems designs proposed by recent research. We develop a general model that captures the resource needs of various applications and usage pricing of cloud computing. We show that a uniform price does not suffer any revenue loss compared to first-order price discrimination. We then consider alternative strategies that a provider can use to improve revenue, including resource throttling and performance guarantees, enabled by recent technical developments. We prove that throttling achieves the maximum revenue at the expense of tenant surplus, while providing performance guarantees with an extra fee is a fairer solution for both parties. We further extend the model to incorporate the cost aspect of the problem, and the possibility of right-sizing capacity. We reveal another interesting insight that in some cases, instead of focusing on right-sizing, the provider should work on the demand and revenue side of the equation, and pricing is a more feasible and simpler solution. Our claims are evaluated through extensive trace-driven simulations with real-world workloads.
The juxtamembrane region of synaptotagmin 1 interacts with dynamin 1 and regulates vesicle fission during compensatory endocytosis in endocrine cells

ABSTRACT Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1) is a synaptic vesicle protein that is important for the kinetics of both exocytosis and endocytosis, and is thus a candidate molecule to link these two processes. Although the tandem Ca2+-binding C2 domains of Syt1 have important roles in exocytosis and endocytosis, the function of the conserved juxtamembrane (jxm) linker region has yet to be determined. We now demonstrate that the jxm region of Syt1 interacts directly with the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the endocytic protein dynamin 1. By using cell-attached capacitance recordings with millisecond time resolution to monitor clathrin-mediated endocytosis of single vesicles in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells, we find that loss of this interaction prolongs the lifetime of the fission pore leading to defects in the dynamics of vesicle fission. These results indicate a previously undescribed interaction between two major regulatory proteins in the secretory vesicle cycle and that this interaction regulates endocytosis. Highlighted Article: An interaction between the juxtamembrane domain of synaptotagmin 1 and the pleckstrin homology domain of dynamin 1 regulates endocytic fission in chromaffin cells.
Prediction of production line performance using neural networks

The use of artificial neural networks in many fields is still on the increase. The paper deals with application of neural networks as a data mining method to a prediction of the production line performance. Performance of production line was defined by output indicators like number of finished products, flow time and work in progress production. Predictive model was implemented in the program STATISTICA Data Miner, therefore this paper brings also short overview of used options. The overall quality of learned networks was evaluated. PMML file was created for fast deployment to new data and better decision making. Neural networks provide an effective analyzing and diagnosing tool to understand and simulate the behavior of the plant, and can be used as a valuable performance assessment tool for decision makers.
A 60GHz CMOS RMS power detector for antenna impedance mismatch detection

This paper presents a RMS power detector in 65 nm CMOS for applications in WPAN 60 GHz band. After presenting the context, the interest of power detection in RF transmitter chain is explained together with some 60 GHz VSWR antenna measurements. Then, a state of the art of the detection techniques is given to justify our architecture choice and the operating principle is detailed. Finally, simulations results are presented which show a linear detection range of 25 dB at 60 GHz.
Research on students’ readiness for online learning

Online learning has become a popular and important component of higher education in developed countries. However, this kind of learning is just beginning in Mongolian Universities. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether students are ready to study in online classes or not. The study reports that most students do not have any previous online course experiences and they have insufficient access to Internet from their home. The results of the study indicate that students are generally ready to study in online classes, however; most of the students would use only university computer laboratories in order to study online classes.
Regulation of the Bfa1p–Bub2p complex at spindle pole bodies by the cell cycle phosphatase Cdc14p

The budding yeast mitotic exit network (MEN) is a GTPase-driven signal transduction cascade that controls the release of the phosphatase Cdc14p from the nucleolus in anaphase and thereby drives mitotic exit. We show that Cdc14p is partially released from the nucleolus in early anaphase independent of the action of the MEN components Cdc15p, Dbf2p, and Tem1p. Upon release, Cdc14p binds to the spindle pole body (SPB) via association with the Bfa1p–Bub2p GTPase activating protein complex, which is known to regulate the activity of the G protein Tem1p. Cdc14p also interacts with this GTPase. The association of the MEN component Mob1p with the SPB acts as a marker of MEN activation. The simultaneous binding of Cdc14p and Mob1p to the SPB in early anaphase suggests that Cdc14p initially activates the MEN. In a second, later step, which coincides with mitotic exit, Cdc14p reactivates the Bfa1p–Bub2p complex by dephosphorylating Bfa1p. This inactivates the MEN and displaces Mob1p from SPBs. These data indicate that Cdc14p activates the MEN in early anaphase but later inactivates it through Bfa1p dephosphorylation and so restricts MEN activity to a short period in anaphase.
Eye Movements and Problem Solving

Overt visual attention during diagram-based problem solving, as measured by eye movements, has been used in numerous studies to reveal critical aspects of the problem-solving process that traditional measures like solution time and accuracy cannot address. In Experiment 1, we used this methodology to show that particular fixation patterns correlate with success in solving the tumor-and-lasers radiation problem. Given this correlation between attention to a particular diagram feature and problem-solving insight, we investigated participants' cognitive sensitivity to perceptual changes in that diagram feature. In Experiment 2, we found that perceptually highlighting the critical diagram component, identified in Experiment 1, significantly increased the frequency of correct solutions. Taking a situated perspective on cognition, we suggest that environmentally controlled perceptual properties can guide attention and eye movements in ways that assist in developing problem-solving insights that dramatically improve reasoning.
Abstract of Thesis Secure Image Processing Name Date Thesis

OF THESIS SECURE IMAGE PROCESSING In todays heterogeneous network environment, there is a growing demand for distrusted parties to jointly execute distributed algorithms on private data whose secrecy needed to be safeguarded. Platforms that support such computation on image processing purposes are called secure image processing protocols. In this thesis, we propose a new security model, called quasi information theoretic (QIT) security. Under the proposed model efficient protocols on two basic image processing algorithms – linear filtering and thresholding – are developed. For both problems we consider two situations: 1) only two parties are involved where one holds the data and the other possesses the processing algorithm; 2) an additional non-colluding third party exists. Experiments show that our proposed protocols improved the computational time significantly compared with the classical cryptographical couterparts as well as providing reasonable amount of security as proved in the thesis.
An improved approach to generating realistic Kanji character images from on-line characters and its benefit to off-line recognition performance

This paper proposes a method for generating realistic calligraphic Kanji character images from on-line data. The proposed method is an improvement of our former method (Velek et al., 2001). Our new method can also cope with connected on-line strokes, i.e., stroke number variations, which were not correctly painted in our previous method. The new method decomposes strokes into three different parts (end part, bend part, connecting part), and paints each part according to a prototypical shape assigned to it from a calligraphic stroke shape library. Our generated calligraphic off-line images serve two purposes: First, they provide additional training samples for off-line recognition. Second, they allow application of off-line methods in on-line recognition. This paper also presents some experiments for these purposes.