Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Visualizing the Financial Situations and Trends via Chance Discovery

In order to recognize the performance of management and realize the possibility of investment, stakeholders inside and outside the business need to understand the financial situation of a company. Usually, reading and interpreting the public offering financial statements is a common way to obtain an overall understanding of financial situation. Apart from reading them directly, some visualization methods were employed so as to assist the less-professional stakeholders to understand the financial status more intuitively and painlessly. Chance discovery is one of the visualization methods which may be suitable to be applied in the financial trend detection area. In this study, a research design has been proposed for visualizing the financial situations and trends of two companies. Consequently, serial KeyGraphs and trend diagrams were generated for depicting the overview of the successive five-year scenario.
Beverage intake patterns of Canadian children and adolescents

Abstract Objective Little is known of the beverage intake patterns of Canadian children or of characteristics within these patterns. The objective was to determine beverage intake patterns among Canadian children and compare intakes of fourteen types of beverages, along with intakes of vitamin C and Ca, and sociodemographic factors across clusters. Design Dietary information was collected using one 24 h recall. Sociodemographic data were collected by interview. Cluster analysis was used to determine beverage intake patterns. Pearson's χ2 and 95 % CI were used to test differences across clusters. Setting Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 2·2. Subjects Children aged 2–18 years with plausible energy intake and complete sociodemographic data (n 10 038) were grouped into the following categories: 2–5-year-old boys and girls, 6–11-year-old girls, 6–11-year-old boys, 12–18-year-old girls and 12–18-year-old boys. Results Five beverage clusters emerged for children aged 2–5 years, six clusters for children aged 6–11 years (both sexes) and four clusters for those aged 12–18 years (both sexes). Sweetened beverage clusters appeared in all age–sex groups. Intakes of sweetened beverages ranged from 553 to 1059 g/d and contributed between 2 % and 18 % of total energy intake. Girls 6–11 years of age in the ‘soft drink’ cluster had lower Ca intake compared with other clusters in that age–sex group. Age and ethnicity differed across clusters for most age–sex groups. Differences for household food security status and income were found; however, no pattern emerged. Conclusions Patterns in beverage intake among Canadian children include beverages that are predominantly sugar sweetened. Public health nutrition professionals can use knowledge about beverage patterns among children, as well as the characteristics of these groups, in the development of nutritional programmes and policies.
Ranking Hyperlinks Approach for Focused Web Crawler

— The World Wide Web is growing rapidly and many search engines do not cover all the visible pages. Therefore, a more effective crawling method is required to collect more accurate data. In this paper, we introduce an effective focused web crawler containing smart methods. In text analysis, similarity measurement applies to different parts of the Web pages including title, body, anchor text and URL tokens. It can increase the relevance and quality of the Web pages pointed to by target URLs. To enhance the accuracy of crawling, decay concept is used to determine the optimal order in which the targeted URLs are visited. In this measurement, two kinds of threshold are used to limit the crawler to the effective web pages. Finally, to provide sorting URLs, priority equation is used. Our method shows significant performance improvements in crawling efficiency over previous focused crawling.
Linguistic Cues to Deception

This study replicated a common experiment, the Desert Survival Problem, and attempted to add data to the body of knowledge for deception cues. Participants wrote truthful and deceptive essays arguing why items salvaged from the wreckage were useful for survival. Cues to deception considered here fit into four categories: those caused by a deceivers’ negative emotion, verbal immediacy, those linked to a deceiver’s attempt to appear truthful, and those resulting from deceivers’ high cognitive load. Cues caused by a deceiver’s negative emotions were mostly absent in the results, although deceivers did use fewer first-person pronouns than truth tellers. That indicated deceivers were less willing to take ownership of their statements. Cues because of deceivers’ attempts to appear truthful were present. Deceivers used more words and more exact language than truth tellers. That showed an attempt to appear truthful. Deceivers’ language was simpler than that of truth tellers, which indicated a higher cognitive load. Future research should include manipulation checks on motivation and emotion, which are tied to cue display. The type of cue displayed, be it emotional leakage, verbal immediacy, attempts to appear truthful or cognitive load, might be associated with particular deception tasks. Future research, including meta-analyses, should attempt to determine which deception tasks produce which cue type.
Blind Prediction of Natural Video Quality and H.264 Applications

We propose two H.264 bit rate prediction and selection applications based on features extracted for our blind video quality assessment (VQA) algorithm, Video BLIINDS. We describe the blind VQA algorithm briefly, and we show that is correlates highly with human judgments of quality. We then demonstrate two applications: an H.264 bit rate predictor and an H.264 bit rate selector.
Modularization of concerns in a distributed framework: An aspect oriented approach

This paper proposes the use of AspectJ for improving the design of distributed middleware framework by splitting the code and remote object logic into aspects. AspectJ enables clean modularization of concerns in Distributed Middleware Framework. In many programming problems we find that neither Object Oriented nor Procedure Oriented Programming techniques are sufficient to clearly capture some of the important design decisions to be scattered throughout the code, resulting in “tangled code” that is excessively difficult to develop and maintain. The new programming technique called Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) makes it possible to clearly express programs involving such aspects. The overall goal of this paper is to improve software design using aspects that enables software reuse, flexible extensibility of requirements and design functionality.
Smoothing of contact lines in spreading droplets by trisiloxane surfactants and its relevance for superspreading.

Superspreading, the greatly enhanced spreading of aqueous solutions of trisiloxane surfactants on hydrophobic substrates, is of great interest in fundamental physics and technical applications. Despite numerous studies in the last 20 years, the superspreading mechanism is still not well understood, largely because the molecular scale cannot be resolved appropriately either experimentally or using continuum simulations. The absence of molecular-scale knowledge has led to a series of conflicting hypotheses based on different assumptions of surfactant behavior. We report a series of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of aqueous solutions of superspreading and non-superspreading surfactants on different substrates. We find that the transition from the liquid-vapor to the solid-liquid interface is smooth for superspreading conditions, allowing direct adsorption through the contact line. This finding complements a study [Karapetsas et al., J. Fluid Mech. , 2011, 670, 5-37], which predicts that superspreading can occur if this adsorption path is possible. Based on the observed mechanism, we provide plausible explanations for the influence of the substrate hydrophobicity, the surfactant chain length, and the surfactant concentration on the superspreading phenomenon. We also briefly address that the observed droplet shape is a mechanism to overcome the Huh-Scriven paradox of infinite viscous dissipation at the contact line.
Notice of RetractionExploring bio-inspired algorithm for service discovery in pervasive environments

In pervasive computing, one of the key open challenges is the efficient discovery of the device that provides target services. This paper proposes a novel distributed service discovery algorithm in pervasive computing environments. This method is based on the basic principle of social network and bio-inspired intelligence. It exploits a social behavior and ant inspired query routing mechanism, which views query messages as artificial ants, and utilizes pheromone and social utility as routing hints that direct query messages to nodes owning more services. This paper presents generation and update rule of pheromone, routing policy for artificial ants as well. In order to avoid getting into local optimization, the roulette wheel technique and pheromone limitation policy are used in our algorithm. Simulation results show that our method significantly improves the search quality as well as reduces traffic cost compared with classical approaches, which supports high mobility and is suitable for pervasive environments.
The Subgradient Simplex Cutting Plane Method for Extended Locational Marginal Prices

In current electricity markets of the USA, locational marginal prices (LMPs) are obtained from the economic dispatch process and cannot capture costs associated with commitment decisions. The extended LMPs (ELMPs) were established as the optimal Lagrangian multiplier of the dual of the unit commitment and economic dispatch problem. Commitment related costs are included and uplift payments are minimized. To obtain ELMPs, the dual problem should be solved with multiplier optimality and computational efficiency. Subgradient methods suffer from the multiplier zigzagging difficulty. Cutting plane methods encounter computational complexity issues in calculating query points. In this paper, a subgradient simplex cutting plane method is developed to obtain ELMPs. Transmission is not considered for simplicity, while key features of ELMPs are still captured. By innovatively using subgradients and simplex tableaus, query points are efficiently obtained through an adaptive three-level scheme. A query point along the subgradient is easily calculated at Level 1. As needed, Level 2 obtains Kelley's query point and Level 3 obtains the Chebyshev center, both by pivoting simplex tableaus. Numerical results show that the optimal multiplier is efficiently obtained.
T cell regulation of b cell activation. Cloned Lyt-1+2-T suppressor cells inhibit the major histocompatibility complex-restricted interaction of T helper cells with B cells and/or accessory cells

The present studies have identified cloned Lyt-1+2- T suppressor (Ts) cells that are both antigen specific and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restricted in their activation requirements and that function to regulate the MHC-restricted activation of B cells by T helper (Th) cells. ParentA-restricted Ts clones suppressed, in antigen- specific fashion, the responses generated by (A X B)F1 Th cells cooperating with parentA (B plus accessory) cells, but did not suppress responses by the same (A X B)F1 Th cell population cooperating with parentB (B plus accessory) cells. Moreover, responses of (A X B)F1 leads to parentA Th cells and (A X B)F1 (B plus accessory) cells were suppressed by parentA-restricted Ts clones but not by parentB- restricted Ts clones. Thus, these findings suggest that the cloned Ts cells that have been characterized here function by specifically inhibiting the MHC-restricted interaction between Th cells and B and/or accessory cells. It was further demonstrated in experiments using cloned Th and Ts populations that these Lyt-1+2-Ts cells act not simply as inducers of suppressor but rather function in a restricted fashion as effector cells in the suppressor pathway.
Characterization of the collagen in the hexagonal lattice of Descemet's membrane: its relation to type VIII collagen

To investigate the nature of the hexagonal lattice structure in Descemet's membrane, monoclonal antibodies were raised against a homogenate of bovine Descemet's membranes. They were screened by immunofluorescence microscopy to obtain antibodies that label Descement's membrane. Some monoclonal antibodies labeled both Descemet's membrane and fine filaments within the stroma. In electron microscopy, with immunogold labeling on a critical point dried specimen, the antibodies labeled the hexagonal lattices and long- spacing structures produced by the bovine corneal endothelial cells in culture; 6A2 antibodies labeled the nodes of the lattice and 9H3 antibodies labeled the sides of the lattice. These antibodies also labeled the hexagonal lattice of Descemet's membrane in situ in ultrathin frozen sectioning. In immunofluorescence, these antibodies stained the sclera, choroid, and optic nerve sheath and its septum. They also labeled the dura mater of the spinal cord, and the perichondrium of the tracheal cartilage. In immunoblotting, the antibodies recognized 64-kD collagenous peptides both in tissue culture and in Descemet's membrane in vivo. They also recognized 50-kD pepsin- resistant fragments from Descemet's membranes that are related to type VIII collagen. However, they did not react either in immunoblotting or in immunoprecipitation with medium of subconfluent cultures from which type VIII collagen had been obtained. The results are discussed with reference to the nature of type VIII collagen, which is currently under dispute. This lattice collagen may be a member of a novel class of long- spacing fibrils.
Análise documental e observação participante na pesquisa em saúde mental documentary

A descricao minuciosa das tecnicas utilizadas na pesquisa qualitativa e de suma importância para o entendimentodo complexo processo interpretativo nesse tipo de pesquisa, bem como para iluminar a realizacao de novos estudosqualitativos, pois contribui com o aperfeicoamento da aplicacao desta metodologia. Este artigo visa apresentar umrelato de experiencia sobre a utilizacao da tecnica de analise documental, associada a observacao participante nodesenvolvimento de uma pesquisa de carater qualitativo, realizada num servico de saude mental da regiao oestedo Rio Grande do Sul. A analise documental e a observacao participante mostraram-se como tecnicas eficazes,complementares e uteis para subsidiar estudos que pretendam utilizar-se da abordagem qualitativa para compreensaocientifica dos fenomenos sociais da atualidade. (AU) The detailed description of qualitative research techniques is very important for the understanding of the complexinterpretative process of this type of research as well as to highlight new qualitative studies as they contribute to improvethe use of this methodology. This article seeks to present the report of an experience about the use of documentalanalysis and participant observation in a qualitative research made at a mental health unit in the southern regionof Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The results show that the documental analysis and participant observation are efficient,complementary and useful techniques to subsidize studies that intend to use the qualitative approach to scientificcomprehension of the current social phenomena. (AU) La descripcion minuciosa de las tecnicas utilizadas en la investigacion cualitativa es de suma importancia para lacompresion del complejo proceso interpretativo en este tipo de investigacion, bien como para iluminar la realizacion denuevos estudios cualitativos, ya que contribuye para el perfeccionamiento de la implementacion de esta metodologia.Este articulo busca presentar un relato de experiencia sobre la utilizacion de la tecnica del analisis documental, asociado a la observacion participante en el desarrollo de una investigacion de enfoque cualitativo, realizadaen un servicio de salud mental de la region oeste de Rio Grande del Sur. El analisis documental y la observacionparticipante, se muestran tecnicas eficaces, complementarias y utiles para subvencionar estudios que pretendanutilizar el abordaje cualitativo para la comprension cientifica de los fenomenos sociales de la actualidad. (AU)
Functional assessment of high-grade ICA stenosis with duplex ultrasound and transcranial Doppler

Background: Duplex ultrasound (DUS) has shown a >90% accuracy compared to angiography, concerning the degree of internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. However, uncertainty may occur in a severe stenosis, in which peak systolic velocity (PSV) may decrease owing to high flow resistance or high backward pressure. We investigated intracranial collateral flows using transcranial Doppler (TCD) to further evaluate the hemodynamic significance of high‐grade ICA stenosis.
Detecting memory leaks in managed languages with Cork

A memory leak in a managed language occurs when the program inadvertently maintains references to objects that it no longer needs. Memory leaks cause systematic heap growth that degrade performance and can result in program crashes after perhaps days or weeks of execution. Prior approaches for detecting memory leaks rely on heap differencing or detailed object statistics which store state proportional to the number of objects in the heap. These overheads preclude their use on the same processor for deployed long‐running applications. This paper introduces Cork as a tool that accurately identifies heap growth caused by leaks. It is space efficient (adding less than 1% to the heap) and time efficient (adding 2.3% on average to total execution time). We implement this approach of examining and summarizing the class of live objects during garbage collection in a class points‐from graph (CPFG). Each node in the CPFG represents a class and edges between nodes represent references between objects of the specific classes. Cork annotates nodes and edges with the corresponding volume of live objects. Cork identifies growing data structures across multiple collections and computes a class slice to identify leaks for the user. We experiment with two functions for identifying growth and show that Cork is accurate: it identifies systematic heap growth with no false positives in 4 of 15 benchmarks we tested. Cork's slice report enabled us to quickly identify and eliminate growing data structures in large and unfamiliar programs, something their developers had not previously done. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quasar Clustering: Evidence for an Increase with Redshift and Implications for the Nature of Active Galactic Nuclei

The evolution of quasar clustering is investigated with a new sample of 388 quasars with 0.3 < z ≤ 2.2, B ≤ 20.5, and MB < -23, selected over an area of 24.6 deg2 in the south Galactic pole. Assuming a two-point correlation function of the form ξ(r) = (r/ro)-1.8, we detect clustering with r0 = 6.2 ± 1.6 h-1 comoving Mpc, and (r=15 h-1 Mpc)=3/r3 ∫0r x2ξ(x)dx=0.52±20 at an average redshift of ⟨z = 1.3⟩. We find a 2 σ significant increase of the quasar clustering between z = 0.95 and z = 1.8, independent of the quasar absolute magnitude and inconsistent with recent evidence on the evolution of galaxy clustering. If other quasar samples are added (resulting in a total data set of 737 quasars), the increase of the quasar clustering is still favored, although it becomes less significant. With a parameterization of the evolution of the type ξ(r, z) = (r/r0)-γ(1 + z)-(3-γ+ϵ), we find ϵ ≃ -2.5. Evolutionary parameters ϵ > 0.0 are excluded at a 0.3% probability level, compared with ϵ ~ 0.8 found for galaxies. The observed clustering properties appear qualitatively consistent with a scenario of Ω = 1 cold dark matter in which (1) the difference between the quasar and the galaxy clustering can be explained as a difference in the effective bias and redshift distributions and (2) the quasars, with a lifetime of t ~ 108 yr, sparsely sample halos of mass greater than Mmin ~ 1012-1013 h-1 M☉. We also discuss the possibility that the observed change in the quasar clustering is due to an increase in the fraction of early-type galaxies as quasar hosts at high z.
Exact interval propagation for the efficient solution of planar linkages

This paper presents an interval propagation algorithm for variables in single-loop linkages. Given allowed intervals of values for all variables, the algorithm provides, for every variable, the exact interval of values for which the linkage can actually be assembled. We show further how this algorithm can be integrated in a branch-and bound search scheme, in order to solve the position analysis of general multi-loop linkages. Experimental results are included, comparing the method’s performance with that of previous techniques given for the same task.
A Multimode/Multiband Envelope Tracking Transmitter With Broadband Saturated Amplifier

A multimode/multiband envelope tracking (ET) transmitter consisting of a hybrid switching amplifier (HSA) and a broadband saturated power amplifier (PA) is developed for operation across 1.3 to 2.7 GHz. For the various standard signals with different bandwidth (BW) and peak-to-average power ratio, the HSA efficiently provides supply signals to the PA by changing the reference value of the hysteresis comparator. The saturated amplifier employs the nonlinear output capacitor to shape the voltage waveform, resulting in the half-sinusoidal or rectangular waveform. Since the nonlinear capacitor generates large out-of-phased second harmonic component with small higher order harmonics, the voltage shaping is mainly carried out by the capacitor and slightly supported by the harmonic loading circuit. Thus, with the harmonic load higher than that of output capacitor, the saturated amplifier can operate with high efficiency. This characteristic enables the saturated PA to operate with broadband characteristic and high efficiency because the design is mainly focused on the fundamental matching problem while the harmonics can be easily kept out of a low efficiency region through the subsequent optimization of the matching circuit. The broadband saturated PA is implemented based on load/source-pull methodology. The broadband matching networks for the high efficiency are synthesized using the simplified real frequency technique. For the BW from 1.3 to 2.7 GHz (70% fractional BW), the measured output power, drain efficiency, and power-added efficiency (PAE) performances are between 39.8-42.0 dBm, 55.8-69.7%, and 51.2-65.3%, respectively. The multimode/multiband ET transmitter with the designed broadband saturated PA is demonstrated at 1.8425-GHz long-term evolution (LTE), 2.14-GHz wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), and 2.6-GHz mobile world wide interoperability for microwave access (m-WiMAX) applications. This transmitter delivers a PAE of 32.16, 37.24, and 28.75% for LTE, WCDMA, and m-WiMAX applications.
Simulated and measured results from a Duroid-based planar MBG cavity resonator filter

A planar Microwave Band Gap (MBG) cavity resonator filter that is completely compatible with current commercial printed circuit board (PCB) fabrication techniques has been designed, fabricated and tested. This filter provides a 1.33% bandwidth passband response at 10.67 GHz with a corresponding insertion loss of 2.17 dB. Design considerations and equations are presented which demonstrate that the resonant frequency and Q of the resonator can be adjusted as desired.