Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating Literature-based Knowledge Discoveries in Life Sciences using Relationship Associations

The life sciences have been a pioneering discipline for the field of knowledge discovery, since the literaturebased discoveries by Swanson three decades ago. Existing literature-based knowledge discovery techniques generally try to discover hitherto unknown associations of domain concepts based on associations that can be established from the literature. However, scientific facts are more often expressed as specific relationships between concepts and/or entities that have been established through scientific research. A pair of relationships that predicate the specific way in which one concept relates to another can be associated if one of the concepts from each relationship can be determined to be semantically equivalent; we call this a “relationship association”. Then, by making the same assumption of the transitivity of association used by Swanson and others, we can generate a hypothetical relationship association by combining two relationship associations that have been extracted from a knowledge base. Here we describe an algorithm for generating potential knowledge discoveries in the form of new relationship associations that are implied but not actually stated, and we test the algorithm against a corpus of almost 5000 relationship associations that we have extracted in previous work from 392 semantic graphs representing research articles from MEDLINE.
Semantic Textual Similarity For Hindi

Semantic textual similarity is the degree of equivalence between the two sentences semantically. We may also say, it is the ability to substitute one text for the other without changing its meaning. In this paper, we propose rule based and supervised systems which measure the semantic relatedness between two Hindi sentences on the scale of 0 (least similar) to 5 (most similar). Both systems make use of several syntactico-semantic features such as language specific linguistic characteristics, distributional semantics and dependency clusters. With several constraints on these features, our rule based system is able to achieve around 75.23% accuracy on Hindi news similarity corpus. In supervised approach, we use support vector machine (SVM) with above mentioned features and euclidean distance between dependency clusters to derive word level alignments. Later, we use these alignments to assign similarity score between two sentences. With this approach we are able to achieve considerable accuracy on a small set of our corpus.
Lumican inhibits B16F1 melanoma cell lung metastasis.

BACKGROUND Lumican is a small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) of the extracellular matrix (ECM) involved in the control of melanoma growth and invasion. The aim of the present study was to analyse the role of lumican in the regulation of the development of lung metastasis. METHODS B16F1 melanoma cells stably transfected with lumican expressing plasmid (Lum-B16F1) were injected to syngenic mice. The lung metastasis was compared to mice injected with mock-transfected B16F1 cells (Mock-B16F1). The expression of lumican, cyclin D1, apoptotic markers, vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) and Von Willebrand Factor (vWF) within lung metastasis nodules was investigated by immunohistochemistry. In parallel, cells cultured in presence of lumican were assayed for apoptosis and motility. RESULTS We observed that the number and the size of lung metastasis nodules were significantly decreased in mice injected with Lum-B16F1 cells in comparison to Mock-B16F1 cells. This was associated with an increase of tumour cell apoptosis within metastasis nodules but the cell proliferation rate remained constant in the two mice groups. In contrast, the VEGF immunostaining and the number of blood vessels within the lung metastasis nodules were decreased in the lumican-expressing tumours. In vitro, a significant decrease of apoptotic markers in wild type B16F1 cells incubated with increasing amounts of lumican core protein was observed. In addition, pseudotubes formation on Matrigel(R) and the migratory capacity of endothelial cells was inhibited by lumican. Altogether, our results indicate that lumican decreases lung metastasis development not only by inducing tumour cell apoptosis but also by inhibiting angiogenesis.
Randomization-based methods for correcting for treatment changes: examples from the Concorde trial.

We develop analysis methods for clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes which correct for treatment changes during follow-up, yet are based on comparisons of randomized groups and not of selected groups. A causal model relating observed event times to event times that would have been observed under other treatment scenarios is fitted using the semi-parametric approach of Robins and Tsiatis (avoiding assumptions about the relationship between treatment changes and prognosis). The methods are applied to the Concorde trial of immediate versus deferred zidovudine, to investigate how the results would have differed if no participant randomized to deferred zidovudine had started treatment before reaching ARC or AIDS. We consider issues relating to model choice, non-constant treatment effects and censoring.
Presence of human papillomaviruses and p16 expression in hypopharyngeal cancer

Patients with hypopharyngeal cancer have a 5‐year survival of only 15% to 30%. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a risk factor and a favorable prognostic factor for oropharyngeal carcinoma and p16 has been suggested as a surrogate marker for HPV‐induced cancer. However, few studies have been performed on HPV and p16 in hypopharyngeal cancer.
The Role of Multimedia in Changing First Impression Bias

First impression bias refers to a limitation of human information processing in which people are strongly influenced by the first piece of information that they are exposed to, and that they are biased in evaluating subsequent information in the direction of the initial influence. The psychology literature has portrayed first impression bias as a virtually "inherent" human bias. Drawing from multimedia literature, this study identifies several characteristics of multimedia presentations that have the potential to alleviate first impression bias. Based on this literature, a set of predictions was generated and tested through a laboratory experiment using a simulated multimedia intranet.Half of the 80 subjects were provided with a biased cue. Subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) text with first impression bias cue, (2) multimedia with first impression bias cue, (3) text without biased cue, and (4) multimedia without biased cue. The experimental task involved conducting a five-year performance appraisal of a department head. The first impression bias cue was designed to provide incomplete and unfavorable information about the department head, but the information provided subsequently was intended to be favorable of his performance.Results show that the appraisal score of the text with biased cue group was significantly lower than the text only (without biased cue) group. On the other hand, the appraisal score of the multimedia with biased cue group was not significantly different from the multimedia only (without biased cue) group. As a whole, the results suggest that multimedia presentations, but not text-based presentations, reduce the influence of first impression bias.
Transforming growth factor β derived from bone matrix promotes cell proliferation of prostate cancer and osteoclast activation‐associated osteolysis in the bone microenvironment

Metastatic prostate tumors in the bone microenvironment stimulate bone resorption, resulting in release of growth factors from the bone matrix that play important roles in tumor growth and osteoclast induction. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is one of the most abundantly stored cytokines in bone matrix, regulating diverse biological activities. Here we evaluate its involvement in prostate tumor growth in the bone microenvironment, comparing with tumor growth in the subcutaneous microenvironment as a control. Rat prostate tumors were transplanted onto the cranial bone and into the subcutis of F344 male rats. Tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and TGFβ signal transduction were compared between the tumor–bone interface and the tumor–subcutaneous interface. Effects of TGFβ on osteoclast differentiation were also evaluated in vitro. Inhibitory effects of TGFβ receptor 1 antisense oligonucleotide on TGFβ signaling, osteolysis, osteoblasts, and tumor growth were examined in vivo. Osteolytic changes were extensively observed at the tumor–bone interface, where the TGFβ level, TGFβ signal transduction, and tumor cell proliferation were higher than at the tumor–subcutaneous interface. In vitro treatment with receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand induced osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells, and additional exposure to TGFβ exerted promotive effects on osteoclast induction. Intratumoral injection of TGFβ receptor 1 antisense oligonucleotide significantly reduced TGFβ signal transduction, osteolysis, induction of osteoclast and osteoblast, and tumor cell proliferation. Thus, we experimentally show that TGFβ derived from bone matrix promotes cell proliferation of rat prostate cancer and osteoclast activation‐associated osteolysis in the bone microenvironment. (Cancer Sci 2008; 99: 316–323)
Secondary sites for integration mediated by the Tn21 integrase

The integrase encoded by the integron of the transposon Tn21 can mediate the site‐specific fusion of two plasmids if there is a recombination hot spot (59 bp element) in one of them and the sequence GWTMW in the other. The use of this latter, loosely defined site explains how antibiotic‐resistance genes could first become associated with integrons.
Health Effects of Temporary Jobs in Europe

Over the last two decades, temporary employment has gained importance in the European Union. The implications of this development for the health of the workforce are not yet established. Using a unique individual-level data set for 27 European countries, this paper evaluates whether temporary employment is interrelated with self-assessed health. We find pronounced differences in self-assessed health by employment status across European countries. Furthermore, in the EU full-time permanent employed workers report the best health, followed by temporary and part-time employed workers. These differences largely vanish, when taking into account the potential endogeneity between employment status and self-assessed health. However, repeated temporary contracts have a significant negative impact on health.
A new volume of Acta Oncologica

The observant reader may already have observed that this fi rst issue of 2011 belongs to volume 50 of Acta Oncologica. Intuitively, this would mean that it is time to celebrate. The development of Acta Oncologica has been substantial and we have much to celebrate. However, a few aspects raise the questions of whether the celebration should be a 50 th anniversary or a 25 th anniversary and, when exactly? Acta Oncologica took off in 1987, i.e. almost 25 years ago, offi cially as a continuation of the old oncology series of Acta Radiologica, but, in reality, as a new and completely, independent journal. Acta Radiologica was founded back in 1921. In 1963, it added the post-fi x “ therapy, physics, biology ” , i.e. for the fi rst time, the journal title refl ected that aspects of treatment should be included. Many articles during the past 40 years or so, have had therapy as the main topic. This year also saw the commencement of the present numbering of volumes. In 1978, the post-fi x was altered to “ oncology, radiation, physics, biology ” and, in 1980, to pure and simple “ oncology ” . In 1986, it was decided to split Acta Radiologica, refl ecting the growing clinical speciality oncology and its concomitant research area. Thus, the present Acta Oncologica took off in 1987, but no new numbering took place. With an offi cial start in 1963, volume 50 should not really be published in 2011 but rather in 2012. A control in the archives revealed that two volumes were published in 1966, the ordinary one (number 4) and a supplement (number 5). As a consequence, it is not really correct to state that the 50 th anniversary celebration should take place in 2011, as the volume number indicates, but rather in 2012 (or January 2013). It is as natural to celebrate the 25 th anniversary in that year (or January 2012). Thus, the year 2012 will be a year of celebration for Acta Oncologica.
A Novel Class of Algorithms for Timing Acquisition of Differential Transmitted Reference UWB Receivers: Architecture, Performance Analysis and System Design

This paper deals with the analysis of the timing acquisition (synchronization) process in Impulse Radio (IR-) Ultra Wide Band (UWB) systems based on Differential Transmitted Reference (DTR) receiver architectures. The fundamental contribution includes a theoretical framework for timing acquisition analysis, which is not only able to describe the first moment (Mean Acquisition Time, MAT), and the second moment (standard deviation of the acquisition time) of the acquisition process, but which also provides a consistent and comprehensive analysis of the probability mass function of the acquisition time, i.e., Acquisition Time Mass Probability. In particular, the specific novelty insights of this paper are as follows: (i) the proposal of a new synchronization algorithm, which is based on a two-step approach and relies on the specific characteristics and peculiarities of DTR receivers, as well as the analysis of its performance via a framework based on the theory of Markov processes; (ii) the exploitation of the LATTICE- POISSON algorithm to accurately estimate the Acquisition Time Mass Probability and Overall Acquisition Probability PD (ov), i.e., the probability to get synchronized before a given time; (iii) the performance analysis and comparison of one-step and two-step solutions with respect to the acquisition threshold; and (iv) the analysis of two approaches to estimate MAT and PD (ov) in multipath fading channels, i.e., "Tacq Average" and "Pd Average', which are shown to lead to different results in different scenarios. We observe that restricting the analysis to the MAT may lead to hasty conclusions about the effect of the acquisition threshold on the design of DTR receivers, thus substantiating the need for a more general analysis using PD (ov), as well as the necessity of specifying the characteristics of the wireless channel (e.g., quasi-static, slowly- or fast-fading) for an accurate performance analysis.
The Surgical Treatment of Single Level Multi-Focal Subarticular and Paracentral and/or Far-Lateral Lumbar Disc Herniations: The Single Incision Full Endoscopic Approach

Background Surgery for same level multi-focal extruded lumbar disc herniations is technically challenging and the optimal method controversial. The subarticular disc herniation may pose the most challenging subtype requiring partial or complete facetectomy with or without fusion. The far-lateral disc herniation, often treated using a Wiltse approach, can also be difficult to access especially in the obese patient. When both the subarticular and far-lateral subtypes are simultaneously present at the same level with or without a paracentral disc herniation, a total facetectomy and interbody fusion (TLIF) or a total disc replacement (TDR) may be necessary. Endoscopic surgical techniques may reduce the need for these more invasive methods. Methods Fifteen patients (6 male and 9 female) who had same level multi-focal (subarticular as well as far-lateral and/or paracentral) extruded disc herniations underwent single incision unilateral endoscopic disc excision by the same surgeon at a single institution. Patients were prospectively followed for an average of 15.3 months (range 14-18 months) and outcomes were evaluated radiographically and clinically (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results The mean operative time was 52 minutes with minimal blood loss in all cases. Fourteen of the 15 patients were discharged to home on the day of their surgery. The mean ODI and leg VAS scores improved from 22.9 ± 3.2 to 12.9 ± 2.7 (p < 0.005), and from 8.6 ± 1.6 to 2.1 + 0.4 (p < 0.005), respectively. Conclusions After an average of 15.3 months of follow-up, the clinical and radiographic results of full endoscopic surgical treatment of single level multi-focal (subarticular as well as far-lateral and/or paracentral) disc herniations are excellent. This study is a case series with mid-term follow-up (Level IV). Clinical Relevance Foraminal and extra-foraminal full endoscopic decompression appears to offer a safe minimally invasive solution to a complex pathologic problem.
Computer-Assisted Screw Size and Insertion Trajectory Planning for Pedicle Screw Placement Surgery

Pathological conditions that cause instability of the spine are commonly treated by vertebral fixation involving pedicle screw placement surgery. However, existing methods for preoperative planning are based only on geometrical properties of vertebral structures (i.e., shape) without taking into account their structural properties (i.e., appearance). We propose a novel automated method for computer-assisted preoperative planning of the thoracic pedicle screw size and insertion trajectory. The proposed method extracts geometrical properties of vertebral structures by parametric modeling of vertebral bodies and pedicles in three dimensions (3D), and combines them with structural properties, evaluated through underlying image intensities in computed tomography (CT) images while considering the guidelines for pedicle screw design. The method was evaluated on 81 pedicles, obtained from 3D CT images of 11 patients that were appointed for pedicle screw placement surgery. In terms of mean absolute difference (MAD) and corresponding standard deviation (SD), the resulting high modeling accuracy of 0.39±0.31 mm for 3D vertebral body models and 0.31±0.25 mm for 3D pedicle models created an adequate anatomical frame for 3D pedicle screw models. When comparing the automatically obtained and manually defined plans for pedicle screw placement, a relatively high agreement was observed, with MAD ±SD of 0.4±0.4 mm for the screw diameter, 5.8±4.2 mm for the screw length, 2.0±1.4 mm for the pedicle crossing point and 7.6±5.8° for screw insertion angles. However, a statistically significant increase of 48±26% in the screw fastening strength in favor of the proposed automated method was observed in 99% of the cases.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS : Penelitian Eksperimental Kuasi dalam Pembelajaran IPS pada Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih rendahnya keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada siswa yang menggunakan metode Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada pengukuran awal (Pretest) dan pengukuran akhir (Posttest). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen kuasi dengan desain non-equivalent control group design, dengan menggunakan dua kelompok pembelajaran. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa SDN 4 CIHARASHAS kelas VA sebanyak 25 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol dan siswa kelas VB sebanyak 25 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa mengalami peningkatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa metode Problem Based Learning berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. ---- The research is motivated by the problem of elementary school students in low ability to think critically. The purpose of this research is to know difference of critical thinking skill of students who use Problem Based Learning (PBL) method on pretest and posttest measurement. This research uses quasi experimental method with equivalent control group design and using two groups of learning. The sample of this research were students of class VA & VB at SDN 4 CIHARASHAS , class VA as many as 25 students as a control class and class VB as many as 25 students as an experimental class. The experimental group was given a learning treatment using Problem based Learning (PBL) method and the control group was given conventional learning. The results showed that students’ critical thinking skills improved. Based on the study the conclusion that the method of Problem Based Learning affects the improvement of critical thinking skills of elementary school students.
A context-based dynamic capability perspective of IS/IT organisational fit

In this paper, it is suggested that Information Systems and Information Technology (IS/IT) organisational alignment, that is, the adequate fit between the strategy planned for the organisation and the execution of the strategies involving IS/IT, is achieved not through a microplanning of the variables involved, but through the establishment of favourable IS/IT-related contexts. IS/IT organisational fit contexts are regarded as IS/IT-related dynamic competencies. This paper puts forward a conceptual model offered for empirical validation.
RECOGNITIONWITH GRADIENT BOUNDARY CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORK

Deep learning features for video action recognition are usually learned from RGB/gray images, image gradients, and optical flows. The single modality of the input data can describe one characteristic of the human action such as appearance structure or motion information. In this paper, we propose a high efficient gradient boundary convolutional network (ConvNet) to simultaneously learn spatio-temporal feature from the single modality data of gradient boundaries. The gradient boundaries represent both local spacial structure and motion information of action video. The gradient boundaries also have less background noise compared to RGB/gray images and image gradients. Extensive experiments are conducted on two popular and challenging action benchmarks, the UCF101 and the HMDB51 action datasets. The proposed deep gradient boundary feature achieves competitive performances on both benchmarks.
MORPHOANATOMICAL STUDY OF IN VITRO PROPAGATED AND EX VITRO ADAPTED ACHILLEA THRACICA VELEN. PLANTS

Rogova, M. , Ts. Ganeva, M. Stefanova, D. Koleva and V. K. -Toteva. Morphoanatomical study of in vitro propagated and ex vitro adapted Achillea thracica Velen. plants. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 21: 947–950 Achillea thracica Velen. plants from their natural habitat, in vitro propagated plants and ex vitro established plants were studied. Morphological observation of the three examined variants showed that the organogenesis of in vitro cultured and ex vitro adapted plants corresponded with in vivo plants. Comparative histological analysis showed that the leaves in all variants were equifacial, however in in vitro leaves the shape and arrangement of the mesophyll cells were different compared with wild plants. The ex vitro plants formed leaves with the best organization of the photosynthetic parenchyma. Considering the successful organogenesis, normal histogenesis, lack of hyperhydricity and high survival rate both in vitro and ex vitro, we can conclude that for A. thracica a micropropagation is a suitable method for obtaining sufficient amount of plant material for ex situ conservation of this endangered endemic species.