Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Ecological Dissemination Characteristics and Control of Information in Microblog Network Based on the Complex Network Theory

On the basis of the information dissemination law in Microblog and its network topology, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the user nodes, structure characteristics of the groups, and the dissemination characteristics of the information of Microblog, and then proposes some related countermeasures to control and guide the healthy and rapid information dissemination of Microblog network. The research shows that the Microblog network renders mesh topology with good characteristics of cluster, centrality and similarity. The efficiency of information dissemination in Microblog network is relatively very high and the network is not fragile. Meanwhile, the node's role in the dissemination of information varies greatly, and it is easy to form opinion leader. It has important significance to strengthen the government's authoritative coverage and rapid response capability, make the opinion leaders play an active role in guiding correctly for the information dissemination management in Microblog network.
Intensification therapy with anti-parathyroid hormone-related protein antibody plus zoledronic acid for bone metastases of small cell lung cancer cells in severe combined immunodeficient mice

Bone metastases occur in more than one-third of patients with advanced lung cancer and are difficult to treat. We showed previously the therapeutic effect of a third-generation bisphosphonate, minodronate, and anti-parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) neutralizing antibody on bone metastases induced by the human small cell lung cancer cell line, SBC-5, in natural killer cell-depleted severe combined immunodeficient mice. The purpose of our current study was to examine the effect of the combination of PTHrP antibody and zoledronic acid, which has been approved to treat bone metastases, against bone metastases produced by SBC-5 cells expressing PTHrP. Treatment with PTHrP antibody and/or zoledronic acid did not affect the proliferation of SBC-5 cells in vitro. Repeated treatments with either PTHrP antibody or zoledronic acid inhibited the formation of osteolytic bone metastases of SBC-5 cells but had no effect on metastases to visceral organs. Importantly, combined treatment with PTHrP antibody and zoledronic acid further inhibited the formation of bone metastases. Histologic assays showed that, compared with either PTHrP antibody or zoledronic acid alone, their combination decreased the number of tumor-associated osteoclasts and increased the number of apoptotic tumor cells. These findings suggest that this novel dual-targeting therapy may be useful for controlling bone metastases in a subpopulation of small cell lung cancer patients. [Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(1):119–26]
A modified silver clip used in the induction of renal hypertension in the rat

the femoral artery via a mercury manometer. Change in intratracheal pressure was monitored by means of a piston recorder attached to the tracheal cannula. Movements of the left and right lower eyelids were simultaneously recorded with light isotonic levers. The cervical vago-sympathetic trunk was dissected and cut on one of the sides. Drugs were given into the cannulated femoral vein. The anticholinesterase insecticide dichlorvos (DDVP; dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) 2-4 mg/kg) evoked a sustained contraction on the innervated but not on the decentralized lower eyelid (Fig. 1). Mevinphos [(carbomethoxylpropen-2-yl)dimethyl phosphate], another organophosphorus insecticide, exerted a similar effect in a dose of 200 to 400 pg/kg. Contractions after the administration of physostigmine salicylate, 200 to 400 pg/kg, were much less pronounced, although the blood pressure rise was marked. It is obvious that this type of action, requiring intact cervical preganglionic sympathetic nerve, is of central origin. The anticholinesterases used did not affect the decentralized lower eyelid, while drugs acting peripherally proved to be effective on both the sides (Fig. 1). The increase of intratracheal pressure seen in Fig. 1 was absent in several cases. This reaction had no causal connection with the evoked eyelid contractions because blocking the development of bronchoconstriction by a quarternary tropine derivative did not prevent the anticholinesterase-induced contraction of the innervated lower eyelid. Thus, the centrally mediated sympathetic reaction elicited by the anticholinesterases cannot be attributed to consecutive hypoxia due to cholinergic bronchoconstriction. This agrees with the conclusion of VaragiC & Beleslin (1 962) concerning the hypertensive effect of physostigmine. The method presented here does not require special laboratory equipment and has the advantage that the decentralized lower eyelid can also serve as control.
The Effect of Corporate Governance on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Evidence from the Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS)

Motivated by agency theory, we explore the effect of corporate governance quality on corporate social responsibility (CSR), using the governance standards provided by the Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS). Our evidence reveals that firms with more effective governance make significantly less investments in CSR. It appears that managers tend to over-invest in CSR and are forced to reduce CSR investments when corporate governance is more effective. In particular, an improvement in governance quality by one standard deviation translates into a decline in CSR investments by 7.16%. Our fixed-effects analysis also shows that, within firms, when governance quality improves over time, CSR investments decline significantly. Using the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 as an exogenous shock that improves the quality of corporate governance, we demonstrate that high-quality governance is not merely associated with, but rather brings about lower CSR investments.
Effect of p53 Status on Tumor Response to Antiangiogenic Therapy

The p53 tumor suppressor gene is inactivated in the majority of human cancers. Tumor cells deficient in p53 display a diminished rate of apoptosis under hypoxic conditions, a circumstance that might reduce their reliance on vascular supply, and hence their responsiveness to antiangiogenic therapy. Here, we report that mice bearing tumors derived from p53 −/− HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells were less responsive to antiangiogenic combination therapy than mice bearing isogenicp53 +/+ tumors. Thus, although antiangiogenic therapy targets genetically stable endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature, genetic alterations that decrease the vascular dependence of tumor cells can influence the therapeutic response of tumors to this therapy.
Outsourcing Direct Materials Procurement in an Outsourced Manufacturing Arrangement

Abstract : In the current business environment, outsourcing is a common tool firms use to lower costs, attain access to technology, and to focus on core competencies. Procurement outsourcing is beginning to increase for nonstrategic or indirect purchases. However, outsourcing the procurement of direct materials occurs very infrequently. One exception to limited outsourcing of direct materials is the context of contract manufacturing. When outsourcing the manufacturing of a product or subassembly, original equipment manufacturers (OEM) enter a decision process to retain or outsource the procurement of direct materials for their contracted manufacturing activity. This study examined this phenomenon to determine how decision factors impact the level of procurement outsourcing. To firmly base this study on existing theory the frameworks of transaction cost economics and resource-based view were used to examine how the factors of procurement outsourcing impact the outsourcing decision. An internet survey methodology was implemented to collect data from purchasing managers in the electronics industry for theory building through hypothesis testing.
GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF LEPTIN GENE USING PCR-RFLP METHOD IN THREE DIFFERENT POPULATIONS

This investigation was conducted to identify polymorphism of the leptin gene in Holstein cows, Mazandarani native cattle and buffaloes by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The frequencies of A and B alleles were 0.4 and 0. 6 - in Holstein cows, 0.56 and 0.44 - in Mazandarani native cattle, 0.61 and 0.35 in buffaloes, respectively. The heterozygote genotype (AB) had the highest frequency in all three populations: 0.73, 0.622 and 0.509 in Holstein cows, Mazandarani cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Chi-square test showed that Mazandarani cattle and buffaloes were in HardyWeinberg equilibrium but Holstein cows were not in equilibrium.
Structural study of 1‐(2′, 3′‐O‐isopropylidene‐(α‐d‐allo and ‐β‐l‐talofuranosyluron)‐5′‐cyanohydrin)uracil stereoisomers by NMR spectroscopy and theoretical methods

for 1 h and then stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS. After further 24 h incubation, 100 μl of the medium was used for the measurement of nitrite concentration, and the cells were used for the assessment of viability. The nitrite concentration in the medium was measured using Griess reagent (1% sulfanilamide in 5% H3PO4 and 0.1% N-1-naphtyletylenediamide dihydrochloride), and the cell viability was determined with the WST assay (EZ-Cytox). WST solution was added to each 96-well plate and incubated for 2 h. The optical density (OD) was read at 450 nm. The cell viability was calculated using the following equation: % protection = 100 × (OD of LPS-sample treated cultures or OD of LPS treated cultures)/(OD of control cultures).
How Informational Integration Can Improve The Relationship Between Buyer And Supplier Of Logistical Services:Empirical Evidence From Vietnam

Having initiated economic liberalization in 1986, Vietnam is a particularly interesting emerging economy to study. The logistics industry in the country is developing strongly because manufacturers are willing to outsource their logistical activities to specialized businesses called logistics service providers (LSPs). To be sustainable partners of manufacturers, LSPs must adopt an informational integration policy that improves the functioning of their customers’ supply chains. To find out whether Vietnamese manufacturers value information integration, a questionnaire survey was administered to 139 food industry managers. The main research finding is that informational integration between manufacturer and LSP strongly impacts the manager’s perception of its own logistics performance. This result has major implications for foreign LSPs that want to carve out a significant place on the Vietnamese market.
Public Management of Privatization

Americans are inclined to adopt a distinctive set of expectations about private firms and public bureaucracies, private markets and public policies. The private sector is assumed to be inherently dynamic, productive, and dependable, and private institutions are thought to be intrinsically superior to public institutions for the delivery of goods and services. These expectations are so broadly held that assertions and ideas in accord with them are often defined as natural and inevitable, whereas alternative views are dismissed as unrealistic and unworkable. The current debate about privatization illustrates these tendencies. Although private delivery of public services has always played an important role in the United States, in the 1980s a number of commentators and public officials have offered proposals to expand the role of the private sector by shifting from public sector provision of goods and services to private sector alternatives. The justifications include improving the performance of public assets or service functions, cutting back public expenditures and taxes, depoliticizing policy decisions, generating budget revenues through the sale of public assets, and reducing the power of public sector unions (Hanke, 1987). Unfortunately, all too often the evidence to support privatization initiatives has been anecdotal rather than based on careful empirical analysis. Nonetheless, these initiatives have been given a great deal of credibility as the best way to improve the productivity of government. Enough words have been written about privatization over the past decade to fill many library shelves-too many for the busy public manager to sort through to distinguish those initiatives that offer real promise for the improvement of services from those that are based largely on unexamined assumptions about the responsiveness and efficiency of private institutions. Our goal is to do the sorting. We will try to get past the rhetoric for and against privatization to determine where and under what circumstances
Fast higher-order derivative tensors with Rapsodia

A number of practical problems in physics can be solved by using accurate higher-order derivatives. Such derivatives can be obtained with automatic differentiation. However, one has to be concerned with the complexity of computing higher-order derivative tensors even for a modest order and number of independents. Initial experiments using univariate Taylor polynomials with interpolation and operator overloading with unrolled loops showed better runtimes than using other automatic differentiation tools. Motivated by these results, we developed the Rapsodia code generator that produces Fortran and C++libraries for the most common intrinsics. Here we explain the algorithmic approach, implementation, and present test results on a select set of applications. Further details on the Rapsodia tool, and an example for user extensions are given in the Appendix.
Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus laterosporus UNISS 18, a Pathogen of Mosquitoes and Flies

ABSTRACT The entomopathogenic properties of Brevibacillus laterosporus UNISS 18 against insects are well documented. Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of this strain, which revealed the presence of several insecticide action-related genes. The deriving genetic information will help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying strain specificity and virulence against diverse target pests.
Early effects of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 in activated human T lymphocytes

This study evaluates the effects of insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) down‐regulation in stimulated T lymphocytes by investigating the expression of early activation proteins CD69, CD25, and interleukin (IL)‐2. We found that IGF‐1 does not modify CD69 expression but increases transcription and protein synthesis of CD25 and IL‐2. The lowest level of IGF‐1R detected after 15 min of activation suggested that the effects of IGF‐1 occur at the initiation of cell activation. The activation of IGF‐1R was confirmed by IGF‐1R phosphorylation and increased phosphorylation of microtubule‐associated protein kinase. We also detected the alternative IGF‐1 transcripts Ea, with paracrine/autocrine regulation, and Eb, with endocrine regulation, in Jurkat cells and in quiescent T lymphocytes, and we detected IGF‐1 protein in the culture medium after stimulation. These data suggest that the proliferative effects of IGF‐1 on T lymphocytes include both autocrine/paracrine and endocrine processes.
Public Debate and Stock Prices: Evidence from the Voting Premium

An intense debate on the use of limited-voting shares developed in the UK during the 1950s. Using a unique hand-collected dataset, we show that negative news coverage of limited-voting shares is associated with an increase in the relative price of voting and limited-voting shares (the voting premium), even if no new material information has been revealed. The effects are stronger for firms that are difficult to arbitrage. Furthermore, a higher voting premium and negative news for dual class firms are followed by lower returns for voting shares than for limited-voting shares suggesting a reversion to fundamentals. Taken together, our results indicate that during this period investors’ views may have limited firms’ ability to use limited-voting shares and have broader implications on the effects of investors’ views for stock prices and corporate governance.
Cup Products in Z 2-Cohomology of 3 D Polyhedral Complexes

Let I = (Z3, 26, 6, B) be a three-dimensional (3D) digital image, let Q(I ) be an associated cubical complex, and let ∂ Q(I ) be a subcomplex of Q(I ) whose maximal cells are the quadrangles of Q(I ) shared by a voxel of B in the foreground— the object under study—and by a voxel of Z3\B in the background—the ambient space. We show how to simplify the combinatorial structure of ∂ Q(I ) and obtain a 3D polyhedral complex P(I ) homeomorphic to ∂ Q(I ) but with fewer cells. We introduce an algorithm that computes cup products in H∗(P(I );Z2) directly from the combinatorics. The computational method introduced here can be effectively applied to any polyhedral complex embedded in R3.
Gender and Obstacles to Firm Growth

In this paper, we investigate if there is a link between female ownership and obstacles to firm growth. Using the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES) data collected in 2006 and 2010 for over 20,000 firms in 26 Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) countries, we find strong evidence that female-owned firms (FOFs) are associated with more obstacles related to crime, theft and disorder, and to practices of competitors in the informal sector than male-owned firms (MOFs). However, FOFs and MOFs face similar levels of obstacles related to corruption and access to finance. We further examine the effect of female ownership on firm performance and find that FOFs exhibit significantly higher labor productivity than MOFs, while FOFs and MOFs experience similar sales growth. Our results are robust after controlling for relevant country-level macroeconomic and governance variables, as well as the potential endogeneity arisen from selection bias.
The Negative Impact of Extensions: Can Flagship Products be Diluted?

This article extends the scope of investigations into the potential risks of brand and line extension strategies. Here, the authors examine whether extensions can dilute beliefs associated with a strategically important and highly visible product—the flagship product. The results of three experimental investigations indicate that beliefs about flagship products are less vulnerable to dilution than beliefs about the parent brand name in general. The findings suggest that assessments of the impact of brand leveraging strategies should include analysis of the effects on individual products as well as on the family brand name.
Consumer's intention to purchase chicken after the fast-growing incident in China

Abstract The survey was carried out on 476 consumers from six cities of Jiangsu province, China, after the fast-growing chicken incident, and logistic regression analysis was used to research customer's purchase intention towards chicken. The results indicate that the fast-growing chicken incident still has negative effect on chicken consumption market even though it happened one year ago; near half of consumers still worry about the quality safety of chicken products. According to influencing degree, the factors influencing consumers’ purchase intention on chicken were gender of consumers (1.085), preference degree to chicken (0.720), risk perception on chicken (-0.646), knowing degree to the fast-growing chicken incident (-0.472), the price of chicken (-0.419) and minors in family (0.242).
Chinese Named Entity Recognition with the Improved Smoothed Conditional Random Fields

As a kind of state-of-the-art sequence classifier, Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) recently have been widely used for some natural language processing tasks which could be viewed as the sequence labeling problems such as POS tagging, named entity recognition(NER) etc. But CRFs suffer from the failing that they are prone to overfitting when the number of features grows. For NER task, the feature set is very large, especially for Chinese language, because of it’s complex characteristics. Existing approaches to avoid overfitting include the regularization and feature selection. The main shortcoming of these approaches is that they ignore the so-called unsupported features which are the features appearing in the test set but with zero count in the training set. Actually, without the information of them, the generalization of the CRFs suffers. This paper describes a model called Improved Smoothed CRF which could capture the information of the unsupported features using the smoothing features. It provides a very effective and practical way to improve the generalization performance of CRFs. Experiments on Chinese NER proved the effectiveness of our method.
Factors influencing the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment: a multilevel approach.

AIM To investigate, by means of multilevel analysis, factors that may affect the short-term clinical outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-one patients randomly assigned to two protocols of non-surgical therapy were included. The impact of different covariates on the probability of "pocket closure" [i.e. probing pocket depth (PPD)<or=4 mm] was explored using a logistic multilevel model. The impact on the final PPD was explored using a continuous multilevel model. RESULTS The logistic model revealed a significant impact of smoking (p<0.001), presence of plaque at the site (p<0.001) and location of the pocket at a multi-rooted tooth (p<0.001). The model explained 44% of the total variability. Of the unexplained variance, 19% was attributed to inter-patient variability. The continuous model revealed the same factors to be significant and an additional significant impact of interactions between the covariates. The R(2) was 0.50 and the random slopes model revealed an increase in the variability of the final pocket depth with an increase in the initial PPD. CONCLUSION Smoking habits, plaque at site level and tooth type were significant factors in determining the short-term clinical outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment.
Constructions from Dots and Lines

A graph is a data structure composed of dots (i.e. vertices) and lines (i.e. edges). The dots and lines of a graph can be organized into intricate arrangements. The ability for a graph to denote objects and their relationships to one another allow for a surprisingly large number of things to be modeled as a graph. From the dependencies that link software packages to the wood beams that provide the framing to a house, most anything has a corresponding graph representation. However, just because it is possible to represent something as a graph does not necessarily mean that its graph representation will be useful. If a modeler can leverage the plethora of tools and algorithms that store and process graphs, then such a mapping is worthwhile. This article explores the world of graphs in computing and exposes situations in which graphical models are beneficial.
A practitioner's view on PaIR

The accepted IR papers at this Workshop raise a number of wide-ranging questions. These include whether it is feasible to use the texts of known, relevant document as the basis for retrieving additional, similar results; the interaction between citations and classification as a means of retrieval; the role and importance of images in patent retrieval, especially relevance assessment; expanding queries to improve recall without losing precision; the processes involved in the evaluation of a multi-faceted search process such as patent retrieval; and the use of citation analysis methods to improve thesauri. This paper will present the author's reaction to these challenges, from the point of view of an industry practitioner. It will also present a model of how improvements to patent information systems will need to take place across a broad front in order to be of use to the diverse user base for patent information, both now and in the future.