Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does Increasing Community and Liquor Licensees’ Awareness, Police Activity, and Feedback Reduce Alcohol-Related Violent Crime? A Benefit-Cost Analysis

Approximately half of all alcohol-related crime is violent crime associated with heavy episodic drinking. Multi-component interventions are highly acceptable to communities and may be effective in reducing alcohol-related crime generally, but their impact on alcohol-related violent crime has not been examined. This study evaluated the impact and benefit-cost of a multi-component intervention (increasing community and liquor licensees’ awareness, police activity, and feedback) on crimes typically associated with alcohol-related violence. The intervention was tailored to weekends identified as historically problematic in 10 experimental communities in NSW, Australia, relative to 10 control ones. There was no effect on alcohol-related assaults and a small, but statistically significant and cost-beneficial, effect on alcohol-related sexual assaults: a 64% reduction in in the experimental relative to control communities, equivalent to five fewer alcohol-related sexual assaults, with a net social benefit estimated as AUD$3,938,218. The positive benefit-cost ratio was primarily a function of the value that communities placed on reducing alcohol-related harm: the intervention would need to be more than twice as effective for its economic benefits to be comparable to its costs. It is most likely that greater reductions in crimes associated with alcohol-related violence would be achieved by a combination of complementary legislative and community-based interventions.
Foreign Holdings of Dollars and Information Value of US Monetary Aggregates

Recent empirical research has found that the strong short-term relationship between US monetary aggregates and macroeconomic fundamentals, as outlined in the classical study of M. Friedman and Schwartz, mostly disappeared since the early 1980s. In the light of B. Friedman and Kuttner (1992) information value approach we reevaluate the vanishing relationship between US monetary aggregates and macroeconomic fundamentals. By using the official US data constructed by Porter and Judson (1996) we find that the currency component of M1 corrected for the foreign holdings of dollars contains valuable information on US macroeconomic fundamentals, such as nominal and real income, as well as inflation. This correction for monetary aggregates is required because the rate of foreign holdings in total money creation is large and unstable. The statistical evidence provided in this paper suggests that the Friedman and Schwartz's stylized facts can be reestablished once the focus of analysis is back on the domestic monetary aggregates.
A flexible, low-glycemic index mexican-style diet in overweight and obese subjects with type 2 diabetes improves metabolic parameters during a 6-week treatment period.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a flexible lower- and higher-glycemic index (GI) Mexican-style diet on biochemical data and BMI during a 6-week treatment period. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was a randomized, crossover design of two 6-week periods with a 6-week washout period between treatments. Subjects with type 2 diabetes (n = 36) with a BMI >25 kg/m(2) were selected. Fourteen subjects completed the study with eligible dietary records. Dietary instruction was provided on flexible diets with both a high and low GI. Fasting venous blood samples were taken at the start and finish of each dietary period, and biochemical data were analyzed. Multi- and univariate one-factor repeated-measures ANOVA were used to compare biochemical data. RESULTS Glycemic load and GI were lower during the low-GI diet, and dietary fiber was lower during the high-GI diet. The participants in the low-GI period consumed significantly fewer carbohydrates, such as white-wheat bread, white long-grain rice, potatoes, high-GI fruits, and carrots, and more carbohydrates, such as pinto beans, whole-meal wheat bread, and low-GI fruits than did participants in the high-GI period. There were no differences in the amount of carbohydrates consumed, such as corn tortillas and dairy products. At the end of the study periods, A1c was improved on the low- compared with the high-GI diet (P < 0.008). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a low-GI diet, containing Mexican-style foods, may help to improve the metabolic control in type 2 obese diabetic subjects during a 6-week period.
Software for automatic detection and monitoring of fluorescent lesions in mice

Detection and monitoring of fluorescent lesions in mice is usually performed manually with the help of image manipulation commercial software. The task is often daunting due to the huge amount of images and the degradation of the fluorescent signal over time. We have developed a software which aims at automatically detecting lesions based on a color analysis and segmentation of the images. The software provides tools that are used to assess the fluorescence decay rate over time using robust regression techniques.
On the discretized Dubins Traveling Salesman Problem

ABSTRACT This research deals with a variation of the Traveling Salesman Problem in which the cost of a tour, during which a kinematically constrained vehicle visits a set of targets, has to be minimized. We are motivated by situations that include motion planning for unmanned aerial, marine, and ground vehicles, just to name a few possible application outlets. We discretize the original continuous problem and explicitly formulate it as an integer optimization problem. Then we develop a performance bound as a function of the discretization level and the number of targets. The inclusion of a discretization level provides an opportunity to achieve tighter bounds, compared to what has been reported in the literature. We perform a numerical study that quantifies the performance of the suggested approach. The suggested linkage between discretization level, number of targets, and performance may guide discretization-level choices for the solution of motion planning problems. Specifically, theoretical and numerical results indicate that, in many instances, discretization may be set at a low level to strike a balance between computational time and the length of a tour.
Causal effects of retirement timing on subjective physical and emotional health.

OBJECTIVES This article explores the effects of the timing of retirement on subjective physical and emotional health. Using panel data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we test 4 theory-based hypotheses about these effects-that retirements maximize health when they happen earlier, later, anytime, or on time. METHOD We employ fixed and random effects regression models with instrumental variables to estimate the short- and long-term causal effects of retirement timing on self-reported health and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Early retirements--those occurring prior to traditional and legal retirement age--dampen health. DISCUSSION Workers who begin their retirement transition before cultural and institutional timetables experience the worst health outcomes; this finding offers partial support to the psychosocial-materialist approach that emphasizes the benefits of retiring later. Continued employment after traditionally expected retirement age, however, offers no health benefits. In combination, these findings offer some support for the cultural-institutional approach but suggest that we need to modify our understanding of how cultural-institutional forces operate. Retiring too early can be problematic but no disadvantages are associated with late retirements. Raising the retirement age, therefore, could potentially reduce subjective health of retirees by expanding the group of those whose retirements would be considered early.
R31C GNRH1 Mutation and Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nCHH) is a rare reproductive disease leading to lack of puberty and infertility. Loss-of-function mutations of GNRH1 gene are a very rare cause of autosomal recessive nCHH. R31C GNRH1 is the only missense mutation that affects the conserved GnRH decapeptide sequence. This mutation was identified in a CpG islet in nine nCHH subjects from four unrelated families, giving evidence for a putative “hot spot”. Interestingly, all the nCHH patients carry this mutation in heterozygosis that strikingly contrasts with the recessive inheritance associated with frame shift and non-sense mutations. Therefore, after exclusion of a second genetic event, a comprehensive functional characterization of the mutant R31C GnRH was undertaken. Using different cellular models, we clearly demonstrate a dramatic reduction of the mutant decapeptide capacity to bind GnRH-receptor, to activate MAPK pathway and to trigger inositol phosphate accumulation and intracellular calcium mobilization. In addition it is less able than wild type to induce lh-beta transcription and LH secretion in gonadotrope cells. Finally, the absence of a negative dominance in vitro offers a unique opportunity to discuss the complex in vivo patho-physiology of this form of nCHH.
Position estimation for an unmanned ground car (UGC) by multi-sensor fusion under random loss of GPS signals

Unmanned ground cars (UGCs) can be applied to many areas for assisting humans in various tasks. One critical problem for the control of UGCs is the self-position estimation. The existing GPS-based methods and integration based methods both cannot provide accurate position estimation. Besides, the random loss of sensor signals such as the GPS introduces extra challenges for the problem. This paper proposes a multi-sensor fusion based method to achieve the accurate position estimation for an UGC and also investigates the position estimation with and without the lost position estimation under random loss of GPS signals. The designed methods were implemented on our developed UGC system. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the designed methods and a discussion on the estimation is conducted.
The Effect of Indium Content on the Atomic Environment and Cluster Stability of GeSe4Inx=10,15 Glasses

The atomic environments of two chalcogenide glasses, with compositions GeSe4In10 and GeSe4In15, were studied via Reverse Monte Carlo and Density Functional Theory. Indium content demoted Ge–Se bonding in favor of Se-In while the contribution of Se–Se in the first coordination shell order was faint. Upon transition to the richer In glass, there was formation of rich Ge-centered clusters at radial distances further than 4 A from the RMC box center, which was taken to signify a reduction of Ge–Se interactions. Cluster coordination by Se promoted stability while, very conclusively, In coordination lowered cluster stability by intervening in the Ge–Se and Se–Se networks.
Overlaying Time Scales and Persistence Estimation in GARCH(1,1) Models

A common finding in the empirical literature is that financial volatility exhibits high persistence, or slow mean reversion of the order of months. We present evidence that financial volatility data contains more than a single time scale. After showing that the expectation of the sum of the estimates of the autoregressive coefficients of a GARCH(1,1) model is one when there are unknown parameter changes, we explore the phenomenon in simulations. For parameter changes within realistic ranges for stock-price volatility we obtain global estimates close to integration while the average data- generating mean reversion is of the order of a few days. Spectral analysis of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P500 index between 1985 and 2001 reveals a short time scale of the magnitude of 5- 10 days present in the data. Thus, two different time scales exist in the data, one of the order of months corresponding to different volatility regimes, and one of the order of days corresponding to the average mean reversion within regimes.
OBOME - ONTOLOGY BASED OPINION MINING IN UBIPOL

Ontologies have a special role in the UBIPOL system, they help to structure the policy related context, provide conceptualization for policy domain and use in the opinion mining process. In this work we presented a system called Ontology Based Opinion Mining Engine (OBOME) for analyzing a domain-specific opinion corpus by first assisting the user with the creation of a domain ontology from the corpus. We determined the polarity of opinion on the various domain aspects. In the former step, the policy domain aspect has are identified (namely which policy category is represented by the concept). This identification is supported by the policy modelling ontology, which describe the most important policy
Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Respiratory Syncytial Virus Therapeutics

Two meetings, one sponsored by the Wellcome Trust in 2012 and the other by the Global Virology Foundation in 2013, assembled academic, public health and pharmaceutical industry experts to assess the challenges and opportunities for developing antivirals for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. The practicalities of clinical trials and establishing reliable outcome measures in different target groups were discussed in the context of the regulatory pathways that could accelerate the translation of promising compounds into licensed agents. RSV drug development is hampered by the perceptions of a relatively small and fragmented market that may discourage major pharmaceutical company investment. Conversely, the public health need is far too large for RSV to be designated an orphan or neglected disease. Recent advances in understanding RSV epidemiology, improved point-of-care diagnostics, and identification of candidate antiviral drugs argue that the major obstacles to drug development can and will be overcome. Further progress will depend on studies of disease pathogenesis and knowledge provided from controlled clinical trials of these new therapeutic agents. The use of combinations of inhibitors that have different mechanisms of action may be necessary to increase antiviral potency and reduce the risk of resistance emergence.
Repeating Firing Fields of CA1 Neurons Shift Forward in Response to Increasing Angular Velocity

Self-motion information influences spatially-specific firing patterns exhibited by hippocampal neurons. Moreover, these firing patterns can repeat across similar subsegments of an environment, provided that there is similarity of path shape and head orientations across subsegments. The influence of self-motion variables on repeating fields remains to be determined. To investigate the role of path shape and angular rotation on hippocampal activity, we recorded the activity of CA1 neurons from rats trained to run on spiral-shaped tracks. During inbound traversals of circular-spiral tracks, angular velocity increases continuously. Under this condition, most neurons (74%) exhibited repeating fields across at least three adjacent loops. Of these neurons, 86% exhibited forward shifts in the angles of field centers relative to centers on preceding loops. Shifts were absent on squared-spiral tracks, minimal and less reliable on concentric-circle tracks, and absent on outward-bound runs on circular-spiral tracks. However, outward-bound runs on the circular-spiral track in the dark were associated with backward shifts. Together, the most parsimonious interpretation of the results is that continuous increases or decreases in angular velocity are particularly effective at shifting the center of mass of repeating fields, although it is also possible that a nonlinear integration of step counts contributes to the shift. Furthermore, the unexpected absence of field shifts during outward journeys in light (but not darkness) suggests visual cues around the goal location anchored the map of space to an allocentric reference frame.
The impact of product attribute wording on consumer acceptance of biotechnology applications in produce.

A better understanding of consumer preferences for and behavior toward genetically modified (GM) foods is essential for designing new market strategies and information policies for GM products. A sample of Midwest consumers was administered one of two nearly identical conjoint questionnaires to identify the influence of attribute wording on consumer preferences. Respondents value â€œGMâ€ negatively, while referring to the same attribute as â€œreduced environmental impactâ€ (REI) results in a positive valuation. The inclusion of both the method of production (GM) and its specific benefits may provide consumers with more information with which to make choices among products.
XSB: An Overview of its Use and Implementation

Several features of the XSB Logic Programming System make it suitable as a database engine including: its foundation on SLG resolution, its eeciency for memory-resident queries, and its exibility for for data modelling. SLG resolution is a goal-directed resolution strategy that uses memoing and delay to compute the well-founded semantics for general programs. In doing so, XSB eliminates problems with literal ordering and with redundant computations so common when languages like Prolog are used for data-oriented applications. XSB extends the WAM (Warren Abstract Machine))31] to implement SLG resolution. The implementation has been completed for (modularly) stratiied programs, and comparisons indicate that XSB is signiicantly faster than other deductive database systems for a wide range of queries. XSB ooers advanced facilities for data modelling as well. All interfaces of XSB syntax supports HiLog 2] syntax. HiLog predicates are compiled, and execute at speeds only slightly less than compiled Prolog. Furthermore, XSB ooers exible indexing and data storage facilities that make it suitable for a wide range of data-oriented problems. It is available through anonymous ftp.
On the syntax and semantics of Spanish spatial prepositions

The goal of this paper is to offer a novel account on the Syntax and Semantics of Spanish Spatial Prepositions. This account is novel in at least three aspects. First, the account offers a unified syntactic analysis that covers understudied types of Spanish Spatial Prepositions (e.g. en el centro de , junto y a la izquierda de ). Second, the account shows that such treatment can be extended to morphological phenomena, and can capture both their internal structure (e.g. de-bajo ), and licensing patterns pertaining to argument demotion. The account also captures an alternation between " a- " (e.g. alante ) and " de- " Prepositions (e.g. debajo ), with respect to demotion, and is consistent with standard treatments of where -questions ( donde , in Spanish). Third, the account offers a "direct compositionality" semantic treatment, in which the interpretation of Spanish Spatial Prepositions is directly "read off" from their structure. This account is shown to capture all the semantic data discussed in the paper (argument demotion, interaction of Prepositions with Verbs, coordinated Prepositions), and to successfully extend previous accounts of this category.
AN AMAZING PRIME HEURISTIC

2 dx (log x)2 ∼ 2C2N (log N)2 where C2, called the twin prime constant, is approximately 0.6601618. Using this we can estimate how many numbers we will need to try before we find a prime. In the case of Underbakke and La Barbera, they were both using the same sieving software (NewPGen by Paul Jobling) and the same primality proving software (Proth.exe by Yves Gallot) on similar hardware–so of course they choose similar ranges to search. But where does this conjecture come from? In this chapter we will discuss a general method to form conjectures similar to the twin prime conjecture above. We will then apply it to a number of different forms of primes such as Sophie Germain primes, primes in arithmetic progressions, primorial primes and even the Goldbach conjecture. In each case we will compute the relevant constants (e.g., the twin prime constant), then compare the conjectures to the results of computer searches. A few of these results are new–but our main goal is to illustrate an important technique in heuristic prime number theory and apply it in a consistent way to a wide variety of problems.
GLOBAL MAPPING OF RAINFALL FROM TRMM RADAR LINKING GROUND BASED RADARS AND IN-SITU OBSERVATIONS

Tropical Rainfall measuring Mission Precipitation Radar is known to be the first spaceborne observation platform for mapping precipitation over the tropics. TRMM measured rainfall is important in order to study the precipitation distribution. Ground validation is a critical important component in TRMM system. However, the ground sensing systems have different sampling and observation characteristics from TRMM. In this paper a novel hybrid Neural Network model is presented to train ground radars for rainfall estimation using rain gauge data and subsequently using the trained ground radar rainfall estimation to train TRMM PR based Neural networks, to create Global maps of precipitation.
How does a protein search for the specific site on DNA: The role of disorder.

Proteins can locate their specific targets on DNA up to two orders of magnitude faster than the Smoluchowski three-dimensional diffusion rate. This happens due to nonspecific adsorption of proteins to DNA and subsequent one-dimensional sliding along DNA. We call such a one-dimensional route towards the target an "antenna. " We studied the role of the dispersion of nonspecific binding energies within the antenna due to a quasirandom sequence of natural DNA. A random energy profile for sliding proteins slows the searching rate for the target. We show that this slowdown is different for macroscopic and mesoscopic antennas.
Attribute Analysis using Fuzzy Association Rules and Interestingness Measures

While describing cross price elasticity of demand the terms complimentary and substitute goods are often used in Economics. If two goods are substitute if having one, fulfills consumer's requirements thus demand for other decreases while in case of complimentary goods, using more of good one increases requirement for the other. This categorization of items has several applications as in planning replacements in case of scarcity, bundling or packaging of goods, cross-selling etc. On similar lines this relationship between two items can be extended to quantified attributes. This paper uses fuzzy association rule and fuzzy support to define complimentary and substitute attributes and illustrates them using known data sets and discusses their applicability.
Parameter-dependent Lyapunov function approach to stability analysis for discrete-time LPV systems

The paper explores asymptotic stability of discrete-time linear systems whose system matrix belongs to the convex combination of given vertex matrices, and time-varying parameters of this combination lie in a polyhedral domain. The paper presents a criterion written in LMIs to test the asymptotic stability based on time-varying parameter-dependent Lyapunov function. Comparing with the quadratic stability and the constant parameter-dependent Lyapunov function approaches, our result not only reduces the conservation to a lower level, but also leads to previous results as our corollaries. At last, an example calculated as compared with known approaches shows the advantage of ours.