Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between ADHD Symptoms, Mood Instability, and Self-Reported Offending

Objective: To investigate the relative importance of ADHD symptoms, mood instability, and antisocial personality disorder traits in predicting self-reported offending. Method: A total of 295 Icelandic students completed two scales of offending behavior and measures of ADHD symptoms, mood instability, and antisocial personality traits. Results: Self-reported offending from the two independent scales correlated significantly with ADHD symptoms, mood instability, and antisocial personality traits with medium to large effect size. Multiple regressions showed that ADHD symptoms contributed to the two outcome measures beyond that of age and gender with a medium effect size. The ADHD effects were only partly mediated by mood instability and antisocial personality traits for general offending but were almost completely mediated by the more reactive measure of antisocial behavior. Conclusion: ADHD appears to be a potential risk factor for general offending in its own right irrespective of the presence of comorbidity, whereas mood instability is more important with regard to reactive behavior.
Identification of errors-in-variables models based on frequency domain power spectra

Identification of errors-in-variables (EIV) models is studied under the assumption that a discrete frequency domain power spectrum is given. A problem setting for identifying dynamic EIV models is presented, assuming that an output error is bounded and that the input noise level is low. An identification algorithm for the problem is given via a subspace identification method and J-spectral factorization techniques, where an associated Popov function and Riccati equation are derived. Numerical simulation results are also shown
The Miser's Store: Property and Traditional Law in the Governance of the 'Native' Economy

Recent studies of 'liberal governmentality' have examined how state actions regulate the ideally self-regulating economic sphere [Burchell, 1991]; this article highlights the particular dilemmas of liberal governmentality in a colonial arena where not one, but two types of economy were posited. By analysing the system of traditional property law implemented by the Dutch in two locations in central Sulawesi, Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia), I show that property is only an indifferent marker of class, and that the limits of surplus extraction are set by control of other means of production. By arguing that both 'traditional' and 'capitalist' economies are embedded in the same local legal culture, I hope to demonstrate that a shift from the one to the other cannot of itself offer the promised benefits of modernity.
The effects of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide production and superoxide dismutase expression in hyperglycemic rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

OBJECTIVES Recent studies have revealed that nitric oxide (NO) in concert with lipid peroxidation (LP) may play an important role in pathophysiological mechanism(s) of cerebral ischemia. In addition, hyperglycemia exaggerates the pathological changes during cerebral ischemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E (VE) on LP, NO production, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression in hyperglycemic rats after cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Malondialdehyde (MA) (indicator of LP) in plasma and brain tissue, total nitrite/nitrate (metabolites of nitric oxide) in plasma, nitrite in brain tissue, and SOD in red blood cells were detected and the results were compared before and after VE administration in hyperglycemic rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by two common carotid artery occlusions. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion injury together with hyperglycemia caused elevation in NO metabolites and MA levels and this elevation was more p rominent in hyperglycemic rats. SOD was also increased in ischemiareperfusion, and VE administration had positive effects on the SOD level. In addition, VE administration caused a significant decrease in NO metabolite levels after ischemia-reperfusion injury. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that prophylaxis with VE may have positive effects on reducing cerebral damage after stroke in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Write-Down Timeliness, Line-of-Business Disclosures and Investors' Interpretations of Segment Divestiture Announcements

Abstract: This paper examines investors' anticipation and subsequent interpretations of asset write-downs accompanying segment divestitures. Examining long-window returns cumulated over the two years preceding the year of divestiture, we hypothesize and find that investors anticipate write-downs of segment operating assets before divestiture and recognition occurs, with anticipation conditional on the timeliness of the write-down and prior disclosure of the segments' operating results under segment reporting rules. Short-window returns cumulated over the three days surrounding the announcement of the divestiture confirm that investor interpretations of asset write-downs are similarly contingent on write-down timeliness and prior disclosure. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2004.
Are Spells of Unemployment Longer in Nonmetropolitan Areas? Nonparametric and Semiparametric Evidence

I use nonparametric and semiparametric proportional hazard models to examine whether individuals resident in nonmetropolitan areas experience lower per period rates of exit from unemployment following job loss than metropolitan area residents. Results show that between 1989 and 1993 per period cumulative rates of exit from unemployment were slightly higher in nonmetropolitan areas, mainly due to nonmetropolitan–metropolitan differences in individual characteristics and local economic conditions. Employment density is found to have a positive association with rates of exit of unemployment in metropolitan areas but not in nonmetropolitan areas. Copyright 2000 Blackwell Publishers
Persistence and Expression of the Herpes Simplex Virus Genome in the Absence of Immediate-Early Proteins

ABSTRACT The immediate-early (IE) proteins of herpes simplex virus (HSV) function on input genomes and affect many aspects of host cell metabolism to ensure the efficient expression and regulation of the remainder of the genome and, subsequently, the production of progeny virions. Due to the many and varied effects of IE proteins on host cell metabolism, their expression is not conducive to normal cell function and viability. This presents a major impediment to the use of HSV as a vector system. In this study, we describe a series of ICP4 mutants that are defective in different subsets of the remaining IE genes. One mutant, d109, does not express any of the IE proteins and carries a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene under the control of the human cytomegalovirus IE promoter (HCMVIEp). d109 was nontoxic to Vero and human embryonic lung (HEL) cells at all multiplicities of infection tested and was capable of establishing persistent infections in both of these cell types. Paradoxically, the genetic manipulations that were required to eliminate toxicity and allow the genome to persist in cells for long periods of time also dramatically lowered the level of transgene expression. Efficient expression of the HCMVIEp-GFP transgene in the absence of ICP4 was dependent on the ICP0 protein. In d109-infected cells, the level of transgene expression was very low in most cells but abundant in a small subpopulation of cells. However, expression of the transgene could be induced in cells containing quiescent d109 genomes weeks after the initial infection, demonstrating the functionality of the persisting genomes.
Macrophage Wnt7b is critical for kidney repair and regeneration

Macrophages are required for tissue homeostasis through their role in regulation of the immune response and the resolution of injury. Here we show, using the kidney as a model, that the Wnt pathway ligand Wnt7b is produced by macrophages to stimulate repair and regeneration. When macrophages are inducibly ablated from the injured kidney, the canonical Wnt pathway response in kidney epithelial cells is reduced. Furthermore, when Wnt7b is somatically deleted in macrophages, repair of injury is greatly diminished. Finally, injection of the Wnt pathway regulator Dkk2 enhances the repair process and suggests a therapeutic option. Because Wnt7b is known to stimulate epithelial responses during kidney development, these findings suggest that macrophages are able to rapidly invade an injured tissue and reestablish a developmental program that is beneficial for repair and regeneration.
Impact of various tumor markers in prognosis of gastric cancer. A hospital based study from tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu valley.

BACKGROUND To obtain the maximum additional information about the prognosis of gastric cancer, we compared CA-50 with other previously defined markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This hospital based study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry of Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences between 1st July 2012 and 31st December 2012. The variables collected were age, gender, AFP, CEA, CA19-9, and CA50, assayed with ELISA reader for all cases. The cut off values for serum AFP, CEA, CA19-9, and CA-50 were 10 μg/l, 10 μg/l, 37 U/ml, and 20 U/ml, respectively according to the manufacturer's instructions. Approval for the study was obtained from the institutional research ethical committee. RESULTS Of the 40 examined patients, 13 patients had tumors located in the upper third of the stomach, 6 patients had tumors in the middle third, 16 patients had tumors in the lower third, and 5 patients had tumors occupying two-thirds of the stomach or more. The distribution of lymph node staging of the patients was as follows: 7 patients belonged to N0, 9 patients to N1 stage, 10 patients to N2 stage, and 14 patients to N3 stage. The statistical method of Cox proportional hazards using multivariate analysis also illustrated that tumor markers including CEA (2.802), CA19-9 (2.690), CA50 (2.101), were independent prognostic factors, as tumor size (1.603), and lymph node stage (1.614). CONCLUSIONS The tumour markers now available, like CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 50, chiefly perceive advanced gastric cancer. The preoperative rise in those tumour marker level have a prognostic significance and may be clinically helpful in choosing patients for adjuvant management.
STAUNCHING EMIGRATION FROM EAST GERMANY: AGE AND THE DETERMINANTS OF MIGRATION

Following the unification of Germany in 1990, eastern wages and unemployment both rose rapidly. I demonstrate that rising wages reduced eastern emigration greatly, while rising unemployment had little effect. This reflects the behavior of the young, who are very sensitive to source region wages, and relatively insensitive to source unemployment. I show that most of the effect of source unemployment comes from the contemporaneous effect on those laid-off, who are more likely to be older. I find that, compared to stayers, young emigrants are much more skilled, older emigrants are slightly more skilled, and commuters are not more skilled, as measured by education and pre-move wages. My conclusions are based on a comparison of results from aggregate inter-state migration data and individual data from the eastern sample of the German Socio-Economic Panel for 1990-2000. (JEL: J61, P23) (c) 2006 by the European Economic Association.
Sufentanil Sublingual Tablet System for the Management of Postoperative Pain after Knee or Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study

Background:Complications with IV patient-controlled analgesia include programming errors, invasive access, and impairment of mobility. This study evaluated an investigational sufentanil sublingual tablet system (SSTS) for the management of pain after knee or hip arthroplasty. Methods:This prospective, randomized, parallel-arm, double-blind study randomized postoperative patients at 34 U.S. sites to receive SSTS 15 &mgr;g (n = 315) or an identical placebo system (n = 104) and pain scores were recorded for up to 72 h. Adult patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists status 1 to 3 after primary total unilateral knee or hip replacement under general anesthesia or with spinal anesthesia that did not include intrathecal opioids were eligible. Patients were excluded if they were opioid tolerant. The primary endpoint was the time-weighted summed pain intensity difference to baseline over 48 h. Secondary endpoints included total pain relief, patient and healthcare professional global assessments, and patient and nurse ease-of-care questionnaires. Results:Summed pain intensity difference (standard error) was higher (better) in the SSTS group compared with placebo (76 [7] vs. −11 [11], difference 88 [95% CI, 66 to 109]; P < 0.001). In the SSTS group, more patients and nurses responded “good” or “excellent” on the global assessments compared with placebo (P < 0.001). Patient and nurse ease-of-care ratings for the system were high in both groups. There was a higher incidence of nausea and pruritus in the SSTS group. Conclusion:SSTS could be an effective patient-controlled pain management modality in patients after major orthopedic surgery and is easy to use by both patients and healthcare professionals.
Flexible planning in construction firms

The development of a business policy and plan are major tools for the management of the construction firm. The nature of a reliable business policy and the design of an operational plan have changed completely over the last ten years. Old methods are no longer acceptable. New circumstances require a strategic flexibility in both the firm's business policy and its operational plan. In the past management policies have been based on the theory of growth. Yet, no longer can economic growth be expected. Under these new circumstances the aim must not be for controlled business growth but for controlled flexibility, even controlled regression. Under these circumstances the development of short term flexible plans and of medium term scenarios are essential for ensuring the continuity of the firm. So too are the innovation of products and processes.
Succession Planning for RNs: Implementing a Nurse Management Internship

The nursing shortage affects all levels, including the pivotal role of nurse managers, who may find themselves functioning in a complex, stressful work environment. In this increasingly difficult milieu, succession planning for nurse manager turnover is imperative. The authors describe an evidence-based, theoretically driven nurse management internship that allows staff nurses to explore the nurse manager role.
Use of the Dot-Blot Immunogold Assay to Identify a Proliferative Antigen in the Initial Cells of a Wheat Stem Meristem

Abstract We have devised a protocol for the isolation and identification of a proliferative antigen of the initial cells of wheat stem meristems (termed PAI). We have carried out a variety of immunochemical and immunocytochemical methods, using colloidal gold (CG) complexed with monospecific antibodies to PAI as the marker for the detection of PAI. We have been able to determine the effectiveness of immunoaffinity chromatography in isolating PAI from plant tissues and have shown the advantages of CG over enzyme labels for identification of the antigen. Finally, we have obtained a purified preparation of PAI and have determined its molecular mass (∼83 kDa).
Monitoring of unfolding of metallo-proteins by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

An electrospray ionisation (ESI) mass spectrometric method for the determination of the equilibrium constant and free energy (DeltaG) of protein unfolding was used to monitor the denaturation process at different pH of three metallo-proteins, i.e. wild-type copper azurin, zinc azurin and wild-type amicyanin. The time course of the unfolding process was followed by dissolving the proteins under denaturing conditions (methanol-water (1 : 1, v/v)) at different pH (2.5, 3.0, 3.5) and recording ESI spectra at time intervals. The spectra showed two series of peaks, corresponding to the native holo-protein and the unfolded apo-protein. From the intensity ratio of these two series of peaks at increasing time and at equilibrium, the equilibrium constants for the unfolding process for the three proteins could be determined. From these equilibrium constants a DeltaG degrees derivation was attempted. The DeltaG degrees values obtained decrease with decrease in pH, in agreement with the expected reduction of conformational stability of proteins at lower pH. The results obtained confirm that ESI-MS can be used for monitoring of unfolding process and to derive quantitative thermodynamic data.
Management Incentives to Recognise Intangible Assets

The paper examines whether the introduction of the international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Australia changed management incentives to recognise intangible assets. We examine post-IFRS changes in managerial opportunism and economic benefits associated with the recognition of intangible assets. We find evidence after IFRS of significant change in intangible asset recognition concurrent with share issues. We also find that the association between economic benefits and intangible assets changed following IFRS. Evidence is provided that the economic benefits associated with goodwill were enhanced by IFRS, whereas IIA and E&E asset information became less useful to financial report users.
HMGB1 Protein Does Not Mediate the Inflammatory Response in Spontaneous Spinal Cord Regeneration

Background: HMGB1 in spontaneously regenerating spinal cord does not trigger the inflammation in contrast to those in injured mammalian cords. Results: Gecko HMGB1 paralogs failed to interact with TLR2 and TLR4 but do with RAGE receptors to activate the signaling pathway. Conclusion: HMGB1 is beneficial for spontaneous spinal cord regeneration by eliciting negligible inflammation and promoting oligodendrocyte migration. Significance: HMGB1 displays distinct functions in regenerative vertebrates. Uncontrolled, excessive inflammation contributes to the secondary tissue damage of traumatic spinal cord, and HMGB1 is highlighted for initiation of a vicious self-propagating inflammatory circle by release from necrotic cells or immune cells. Several regenerative-competent vertebrates have evolved to circumvent the second damages during the spontaneous spinal cord regeneration with an unknown HMGB1 regulatory mechanism. By genomic surveys, we have revealed that two paralogs of HMGB1 are broadly retained from fish in the phylogeny. However, their spatial-temporal expression and effects, as shown in lowest amniote gecko, were tightly controlled in order that limited inflammation was produced in spontaneous regeneration. Two paralogs from gecko HMGB1 (gHMGB1) yielded distinct injury and infectious responses, with gHMGB1b significantly up-regulated in the injured cord. The intracellular gHMGB1b induced less release of inflammatory cytokines than gHMGB1a in macrophages, and the effects could be shifted by exchanging one amino acid in the inflammatory domain. Both intracellular proteins were able to mediate neuronal programmed apoptosis, which has been indicated to produce negligible inflammatory responses. In vivo studies demonstrated that the extracellular proteins could not trigger a cascade of the inflammatory cytokines in the injured spinal cord. Signal transduction analysis found that gHMGB1 proteins could not bind with cell surface receptors TLR2 and TLR4 to activate inflammatory signaling pathway. However, they were able to interact with the receptor for advanced glycation end products to potentiate oligodendrocyte migration by activation of both NFκB and Rac1/Cdc42 signaling. Our results reveal that HMGB1 does not mediate the inflammatory response in spontaneous spinal cord regeneration, but it promotes CNS regeneration.
Novel N-Phenyl–Substituted Thiazolidinediones Protect Neural Cells against Glutamate- and tBid-Induced Toxicity

Mitochondrial demise is a key feature of progressive neuronal death contributing to acute and chronic neurological disorders. Recent studies identified a pivotal role for the BH3-only protein B-cell lymphoma-2 interacting domain death antagonist (Bid) for such mitochondrial damage and delayed neuronal death after oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, or oxidative stress in vitro and after cerebral ischemia in vivo. Therefore, we developed new N-phenyl–substituted thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potent inhibitors of Bid-dependent neurotoxicity. The new compounds 6, 7, and 16 were identified as highly protective by extensive screening in a model of glutamate toxicity in immortalized mouse hippocampal neurons (HT-22 cells). These compounds significantly prevent truncated Bid–induced toxicity in the neuronal cell line, providing strong evidence that inhibition of Bid was the underlying mechanism of the observed protective effects. Furthermore, Bid-dependent hallmarks of mitochondrial dysfunction, such as loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP depletion, as well as impairments in mitochondrial respiration, are significantly prevented by compounds 6, 7, and 16. Therefore, the present study identifies a class of N-phenyl thiazolidinediones as novel Bid-inhibiting neuroprotective agents that provide promising therapeutic perspectives for neurodegenerative diseases, in which Bid-mediated mitochondrial damage and associated intrinsic death pathways contribute to the underlying progressive loss of neurons.
Estimating Sourcing Premia Using Italian Regional Data

Abstract This paper explores the link between sourcing and performance for a representative sample of manufacturing firms located in Lombardy, which is the leading region of the Italian economy. The survey estimation methods that we applied to our original database reveal certain performance premia for firms that engage in foreign rather than domestic sourcing and in- rather than outsourcing. This result is robust to different specifications, samples, performance measures, and definitions of sourcing strategies.
Location of Autonomic Cell Bodies Projecting to the Extrathoracic Smooth Muscle of the Canine Trachea

A study of the origin of the sympathetic postganglionic axons innervating the trachealis muscle of the dog was carried out using horseradish peroxidase as a retrograde neuronal marker. It was demonstrated that this technique is not fruitful in adult dogs, but in 12 puppies demonstrated that these neurons arise from the cervicothoracic, middle cervical and cranial cervical ganglia. Contributions of nucleus ambiguus, nucleus of the vagus nerve and the distal ganglion of the vagus nerve to innervation of the trachealis muscle were also demonstrated.