Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How incremental video training did not guarantee implementation due to fluctuating population prevalence

Patients with stroke admitted at the neurology/neurosurgery ward of the Academic Medical Centre in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, may experience problems in communication, such as aphasia, severe confusion/delirium or severe language barriers. This may prevent self-reported pain assessment; therefore, pain behaviour observation scales are needed. In this project, we therefore aimed to implement the Rotterdam Elderly Pain Observation Scale (REPOS) by video training. We used a stepped-wedge cluster design with clusters of four to five nurses with intervals of 2 weeks, for a total study duration of 34 weeks. Primary endpoint was the proportion of shifts in which nurses used the REPOS when caring for an eligible patient. A questionnaire was send biweekly to assess self-perceived competence and attitude on pain measurement in patients able or unable to self-report pain intensity. No other strategies were used to promote the use of the REPOS. Though the proportion of shifts in which trained nurses cared for eligible patients increased from 0% at baseline to 83% at the end of the study, the proportion of cumulative shifts where the REPOS was used decreased from 14% to 6%, respectively. Process evaluation suggests that this decrease can (in part) be attributed to low and varying prevalence of eligible patients and opportunities for practice. In total, 24 (45.3%) nurses had used the REPOS at least once after 34 weeks, with a median of two times (1–33). Nurses perceived themselves 'competent' to 'very competent' in pain behaviour observation. There was no negative attitude towards pain measurement. This study shows that education alone may not be effective when implementing a pain behaviour observation scale for non-communicative patients with Acquired Brain Injury. Individual motivation of health professionals and individual patient factors may be of influence for the use of the REPOS.
Brilliant blue R dye is capable of suppressing amyloid fibril formation of lysozyme

Amyloid fibril formation is associated with an array of degenerative diseases. While no real cure is currently available, evidence suggests that suppression of amyloid fibrillogenesis is an effective strategy toward combating these diseases. Brilliant blue R (BBR), a disulfonated triphenylmethane compound, has been shown to interact with fibril-forming proteins but exert different effects on amyloid fibrillogenesis. These inconsistent findings prompted us to further evaluate BBR’s effect on the inhibition/suppresion of protein fibrillogenesis. Using 129-residue hen lysozyme, which shares high sequence homology to human lysozyme associated with hereditary non-neuropathic systemic amyloidosis, as a model, this study is aimed at thoroughly examining the influence of BBR on the in vitro protein fibrillogenesis. We first showed that BBR dose-dependently attenuated lysozyme fibril formation probably by affecting the fibril growth rate, with the value of IC50 determined to be ~4.39 μM. Next, we employed tryptophan fluorescence quenching method to determine the binding constant and number of binding site(s) associated with BBR-lysozyme binding. In addition, we further conducted molecular docking studies to gain a better understanding of the possible binding site(s) and interaction(s) between lysozyme and BBR. We believe some of the information and/or knowledge concerning the structure–function relationship associated with BBR’s suppressing activity obtained here can be applied for the future work in the subject matter related with the therapeutic strategies for amyloid diseases.
Assay of total antioxidant capacity: comparison of four methods as applied to human blood plasma

Four spectrophotometric methods of determination of antioxidant capacity: a method based on the scavenging of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, the ''ferric-reducing ability of plasma'' (FRAP), a method based on reduction of the 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonate) free radical (ABTS ” + ) and a kinetic method based on the oxidation of dihydro-2,7- dichlorofluorescein by 2,2'-azobis (2-amidopropane) (ABAP) were compared with respect to standard antioxidants (ascorbate, glutathione, Trolox and urate) and human blood plasma. Various reactivities of standard antioxidants in different tests were found, glutathione showing a low reactivity in the FRAP assay. Kinetic measurements show that the reduction of indicators, especially by blood plasma, may not be complete at recommended times of the assays and the time of measurement is an important parameter when comparing the results.
Analysis of Indoor Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Coherent Optical Wireless Systems

Indoor optical wireless systems (OWS) provide an attractive alternative for realizing next generation home access networks. Homodyne detection can be employed in order to enhance receiver sensitivity and spectral efficiency. In this paper, the application of space-time block-coding (STBC) techniques in a coherent OWS is theoretically and numerically investigated, taking into account the noise characteristics at the receiver. The performance of STBC multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, employing two transmit elements, is compared against single-input/single-output systems operating with the same total optical transmit power. It is shown that STBC is an effective means to increase the capacity of coherent OWS, improve their coverage, and decrease the required optical power at the transmitter. These results demonstrate the usefulness of MIMO techniques in the realization of future optical wireless local area networks.
Isolation and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes from Sewage, Sewage Sludge and River Water.

Listeria monocytogenes in sewage, sewage sludge and river water was isolated by enrichment at 4°C with subculture and enrichment in thiocyanate, naladixic acid broth and plating on to Tryptose Agar. The results indicated that L. monocytogenes is present in sewage and sewage sludge in considerable numbers and that this organism survives longer than Salmonella spp. on land sprayed with sewage sludge.
A Sleep Laboratory Evaluation of the Long-Term Efficacy of Zopiclone

Six patients between the ages of 25 and 59, with chronic, primary insomnia received the new, non-benzodiazepine, hypnotic zopiclone continuously for 17 weeks after a drug free interval of 12 nights. To qualify for the study, sleep efficiency, determined by a sleep study on two, consecutive, placebo-controlled nights, had to be less than 75%. Patients evaluated their sleep by questionnaire and had sleep studies completed throughout active treatment. Zopiclone (7.5 mg) increased sleep efficiency by decreasing sleep latency, wakefulness after sleep onset and increasing total sleep time. Sleep architecture was minimally affected by zopiclone treatment; no significant changes in delta or REM sleep were observed. The commonest side effect was a bitter or metallic taste. No significant changes in biological functioning were noted throughout the study period. These findings indicate that zopiclone is a safe and effective hypnotic medication which maintains its effectiveness with protracted use.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Tin(II)-Morin Complex

The study focuses on the interaction between morin and Tin(II) and the resulting complex was characterized through various analytical techniques by comparing it with morin. The complexation was confirmed at first by UV-Vis study, which shows that addition of Tin(II) to morin may produce bathochromic shifts indicative of complex formation. IR spectral studies indicated that carbonyl has involved in coordination with Tin(II). Moreover, 1 H-NMR studies validated that in conjunction with carbonyl, 3-OH of morin is more appropriate to be involved in complexation by replacement of its proton. Scavenging activities of morin and its Tin(II) complex on DPPH • radical showed the inhibitory rates of 65% and 49%, respectively. In addition, the reducing capacity of morin was outstanding at 0.5 and 2.0 mg/ml concentrations relative to Tin(II) complex. Overall, the study potentially shows the strong impact in order to design the anticancer drugs jointly from its cytotoxic potential and antioxidant activities, thereby selectively targeting the cancerous cells in result increasing their therapeutic index as well as extra advantages over other anticancer drugs.
6-phospho-alpha-D-glucosidase from Fusobacterium mortiferum: cloning, expression, and assignment to family 4 of the glycosylhydrolases

The Fusobacterium mortiferum malH gene, encoding 6-phospho-alpha-glucosidase (maltose 6-phosphate hydrolase; EC 3.2.1.122), has been isolated, characterized, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The relative molecular weight of the polypeptide encoded by malH (441 residues; Mr of 49,718) was in agreement with the estimated value (approximately 49,000) obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the enzyme purified from F. mortiferum. The N-terminal sequence of the MalH protein obtained by Edman degradation corresponded to the first 32 amino acids deduced from the malH sequence. The enzyme produced by the strain carrying the cloned malH gene cleaved [U-14C]maltose 6-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate (Glc6P) and glucose. The substrate analogs p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside 6-phosphate (pNP alphaGlc6P) and 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside 6-phosphate (4MU alphaGlc6P) were hydrolyzed to yield Glc6P and the yellow p-nitrophenolate and fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferyl aglycons, respectively. The 6-phospho-alpha-glucosidase expressed in E. coli (like the enzyme purified from F. mortiferum) required Fe2+, Mn2+, Co2+, or Ni2+ for activity and was inhibited in air. Synthesis of maltose 6-phosphate hydrolase from the cloned malH gene in E. coli was modulated by addition of various sugars to the growth medium. Computer-based analyses of MalH and its homologs revealed that the phospho-alpha-glucosidase from F. mortiferum belongs to the seven-member family 4 of the glycosylhydrolase superfamily. The cloned 2.2-kb Sau3AI DNA fragment from F. mortiferum contained a second partial open reading frame of 83 residues (designated malB) that was located immediately upstream of malH. The high degree of sequence identity of MalB with IIB(Glc)-like proteins of the phosphoenol pyruvate dependent:sugar phosphotransferase system suggests participation of MalB in translocation of maltose and related alpha-glucosides in F. mortiferum.
Particle mixing by the polychaete Capitella species 1: coupling fate and effect of a particle-bound organic contaminant (fluoranthene) in a marine sediment

Particle mixing by the polychaete Capitella sp. 1 was investigated in a 22 d microcosm experiment in the presence and absence of the sediment-bound polycycllc aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) fluoranthene. Mixing by Capilella sp. 1 (30000 ind. m-') was examined using glass bead tracers (diam. = 30 to 100 pm) with and without a pulse introduction of fluoranthene to the sediment surface. Worms hdd a profound effect on the sediment appearance and reworked sediment in a conveyor-belt fashion. The predominant mode of mixing was bioadvective, and the worms created a subsurface maximum in the glass bead tracer profiles. Glass bead subduction rates were 0.37 and 0.30 mm d-l in uncontaminated and contaminated sediments, respectively. The reduced subduction rate (19'%,) was a s~gniflcant effect of fluoranthene (-10 ppm, uppermost 3 mm), ~ndicating that this parameter is quite sensitive to pollutant stress. The fate of particle-bound fluoranthene was also examined in sedinlents in the presence and absence of worms. More than half (63 'X j ) of the fluoranthene was lost from worminhabited sediments, twice that lost from worm-free treatments. The strikingly different depth profiles of the glass-bead tracer particles versus the particle-bound fluoranthene at the end of the experiment demonstrated that macrofauna can readily decouple the fate of mineral grains and refractory organic contaminants such as fluoranthene. This decoupling was shown to occur over very short time (days to weeks) and spatial (mm to cm) scales in the presence of worms Contaminants may be recycled to the sediment surface by conveyor-belt feeding, and a reduced subduction rate will reduce the downward transport, keeping the contaminants nearer the sediment surface, leading to greater diffusional loss, continued recycling through deposit-feeder guts, and increased probability of resuspension. The net effect of these processes will likely result in increased degradation rates and greater bioavailability than would otherwise be the case. This investigation demonstrates that sediments do not always act a s a sink and that infaunal feeding behavior can be a very important factor controlling the ultimate fate of organic contaminants.
A METHOD FOR EFFICIENT EXTRACTION OF CELL WALL PROTEINS FROM CANDIDA ALBICANS

Candida cell wall proteomics is a challenging area of research. Extraction of cell wall proteins needs to be done carefully to obtain reproducible results. We used two different methods for extraction of candida cell wall proteins and documented the modifications required. In the course of extraction, we also evaluated efficacy of cell wall disruption by mechanical procedure of homogenization with glass beads to increase the protein yield and purity. For extraction of candida cell wall proteins, we utilized detergents like Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), dithiothreitol (DTT), tris base and chitinase. This method was further optimized using homogenization of candida cells with glass beads over different time intervals. Amount of cell disruption at each time interval of bead beating using two varieties of beads was evaluated by gram stain, culture, protein estimation and SDS PAGE subsequently. We observed that method using detergents and Chitinase yielded better quality proteins, less contaminated with salts. For homogenization, bead beating with glass beads of 0.5 mm diameter over 18 minutes was found to be superior. Our initial experiments revealed limits of both the methods in candida cell wall protein extraction. Mechanical disruption of the cells could be further optimized using routinely available vortex mixer to increase final protein yield and gave consistent and reproducible
Semi-automated recommendation platform for data visualization: Roopana

Information visualization is the final process of any data analytics project, which gives an overall insight about the identified trends, patterns and anomalies. Efforts in data analysis become useless when we fail to convey the results effectively. Among visualization methods graphs play a vital role and are used frequently. This paper introduces “Roopana”, a semi-automated platform for data visualization. It is capable of identifying the context of user data automatically, consider the purpose of data visualization (comparison, distribution, relationship, composition) and recommend the most accurate chart type to use. Considering chart types, “Roopana” is capable of proving recommendations from large number of charts. It then enables the use of less frequently used chart types, which are matching with data context and purpose of visualization. Further the system can alter the order of recommendations depending on user feedback enabling the most popular chart types to appear on top. Thus data scientists and developers can use “Roopana” to select most appropriate chart for their data without having an expert knowledge in the field of data visualization projects they are working on.
20th century intraseasonal Asian monsoon dynamics viewed from Isomap

Abstract. The Asian summer monsoon is a high-dimensional and highly nonlinear phenomenon involving considerable moisture transport towards land from the ocean, and is critical for the whole region. We have used daily ECMWF reanalysis (ERA-40) sea-level pressure (SLP) anomalies on the seasonal cycle, over the region 50–145° E, 20° S–35° N, to study the nonlinearity of the Asian monsoon using Isomap. We have focused on the two-dimensional embedding of the SLP anomalies for ease of interpretation. Unlike the unimodality obtained from tests performed in empirical orthogonal function space, the probability density function, within the two-dimensional Isomap space, turns out to be bimodal. But a clustering procedure applied to the SLP data reveals support for three clusters, which are identified using a three-component bivariate Gaussian mixture model. The modes are found to appear similar to active and break phases of the monsoon over South Asia in addition to a third phase, which shows active conditions over the western North Pacific. Using the low-level wind field anomalies, the active phase over South Asia is found to be characterised by a strengthening and an eastward extension of the Somali jet. However during the break phase, the Somali jet is weakened near southern India, while the monsoon trough in northern India also weakens. Interpretation is aided using the APHRODITE gridded land precipitation product for monsoon Asia. The effect of large-scale seasonal mean monsoon and lower boundary forcing, in the form of ENSO, is also investigated and discussed. The outcome here is that ENSO is shown to perturb the intraseasonal regimes, in agreement with conceptual ideas.
The ancestry of insertion sequences common to Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium

Despite very restricted gene exchange between Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, both species harbor several of the same classes of insertion sequences. To determine whether the present-day distribution of these transposable elements is due to common ancestry or to horizontal transfer, we determined the sequences of IS1 and IS200 from natural isolates of S. typhimurium and E. coli. One strain of S. typhimurium harbored an IS1 element identical to that originally recovered from E. coli, suggesting that the element was recently transferred between these two species. The level of sequence divergence between copies of IS200 from E. coli and S. typhimurium ranged from 9.5 to 10.7%, indicating that IS200, unlike IS1, has not been repeatedly transferred between these enteric species since E. coli and S. typhimurium diverged from a common ancestor. Levels of variability in IS1 and IS200 for strains of E. coli and S. typhimurium show that each class of insertion sequence has a characteristic pattern of transposition within and among host genomes.
Hybrid fuzzy support vector regression analysis

Support Vector Machines (SVM) has recently received a great deal of attention in regression and classification problems for crisp data. However, the fuzzy structure of the system should be considered if available information is uncertain or imprecise. In this paper, a new approach called Hybrid Fuzzy Support Vector Regression (HF-SVR) is introduced for the linear and non-linear fuzzy regression modeling. According to the proposed algorithm, parameter estimates are obtained from the solutions of two optimization problems by using the basic idea underlying SVM and the least squares principle. Furthermore, different learning machines for non-linear fuzzy regression can be constructed according to the selection of kernel function. In order to compare HF-SVR with the previously published fuzzy support vector regression methods, the data sets used in these papers are adopted. Based on the findings obtained from the numerical applications, it is determined that proposed method gives remarkable results according to the measure of mean square error.
Weighted average of one-dependence estimators†

Naive Bayes (NB) is a probability-based classification model which is based on the attribute independence assumption. However, in many real-world data mining applications, its attribute independence assumption is often violated. Responding to this fact, researchers have made a substantial amount of effort to improve the classification accuracy of NB by weakening its attribute independence assumption. For a recent example, averaged one-dependence estimators (AODE) is proposed, which weakens its attribute independence assumption by averaging all models from a restricted class of one-dependence classifiers. However, all one-dependence classifiers in AODE have same weights and are treated equally. According to our observation, different one-dependence classifiers should have different weights. Therefore, in this article, we proposed an improved model called weighted average of one-dependence estimators (WAODE) by assigning different weights to these one-dependence classifiers. In our WAODE, four different weighting approaches are designed and thus four different versions are created. For simplicity, we respectively denote them by WAODE-MI, WAODE-ACC, WAODE-CLL and WAODE-AUC. The experimental results on a large number of UCI datasets published on the main website of Weka platform show that our WAODE significantly outperform AODE. †This article is an extended version of PRICAI 2006 conference paper (Jiang and Zhang 2006).
Attributions about persons with brain injury: The effects of knowledge and familiarity about brain injury

Primary objective: To determine how visible markers of brain injury interact with people's knowledge about brain injury to influence people's attributions for undesirable behaviours of a person with brain injury. Research design, method and procedures: Scenarios in Experiment 1 (n = 98) and Experiment 2 (n = 148) described an adolescent pictured with or without a head scar, who showed four behavioural changes. Participants rated two causal attributions for each behaviour: brain injury and adolescence. Experiment 1 varied information that the adolescent had a brain injury and Experiment 2 assessed participants’ familiarity with brain injury. Main outcomes and results: The presence of a head scar increased attributions to brain injury. In Experiment 1, participants not informed about the brain injury attributed the behaviours more to adolescence than to brain injury than informed participants. In Experiment 2, in the ‘no scar’ condition participants familiar with brain injury attributed the behaviours more to brain injury than those who were not. Conclusion: Markers of brain injury interact with people's knowledge about brain injury in shaping people's attributions for the behaviour of persons with brain injury. When people attribute sequelae of the brain injury to other causes, this may hinder appropriate treatment.
Towards Fully Offloaded Cloud-based AR: Design, Implementation and Experience

Combining advanced sensors and powerful processing capabilities smart-phone based augmented reality (AR) is becoming increasingly prolific. The increase in prominence of these resource hungry AR applications poses significant challenges to energy constrained environments such as mobile-phones. ; AB@To that end we present a platform for offloading AR applications to powerful cloud servers. We implement this system using a thin-client design and explore its performance using the real world application Pokemon Go as a case study. We show that with careful design a thin client is capable of offloading much of the AR processing to a cloud server, with the results being streamed back. Our initial experiments show substantial energy savings, low latency and excellent image quality even at relatively low bit-rates.
Brillouin precursors through concrete walls for through-the-wall imaging at microwave frequencies

This paper discusses the Brillouin precursor formation in concrete, using the experimentally measured dielectric constant and loss tangent from 10 MHz - 3 GHz. Brillouin precursors are obtained at three carrier frequencies. Experimental data is also compared with the extended Debye model for concrete in the same frequency range.