Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ICAM‐3, the third LFA‐1 counterreceptor, is a co‐stimulatory molecule for both resting and activated T lymphocytes

Optimal activation of human T cells mediated by ligation of CD3/T cell receptor (TcR) complex requires co‐stimulatory signals. These can be provided by the adhesive interaction between receptor molecules on T cells and their counter‐receptors on antigen‐presenting cells. Soluble ICAM‐3, anti‐ICAM‐3 and anti‐CD3 mAb were utilized to address the role of the ICAM‐3/LFA‐1 pathway in TcR/CD3‐dependent or ‐independent T cell activation. Immunoaffinity‐purified ICAM‐3 co‐immobilized with suboptimal concentrations of anti‐CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) stimulated T lymphocytes as monitored by the expression of the lymphocyte activation antigens CD25 and CD69. The mechanism underlaying this activation appear to involve the interaction of ICAM‐3 with a β2 integrin, likely to be LFA‐1, since mAb to the CD18 chain completely inhibited T cell activation. Similar experiments demonstrated that anti‐ICAM‐3 mAb were able to co‐stimulate both resting (cord blood) and activated (T cell clones) T lymphocytes. On the contrary, anti‐ICAM‐1 mAb were only co‐stimulatory for CD25 expression on activated but not on resting T cells. In addition, we have found that some γδ T cell clones bearing the Vδ1 segment were activated by direct mAb engagement of ICAM‐3 in the absence of TcR/CD3 occupancy. Furthermore, immobilized anti‐ICAM‐3 mAb also induced development of dentritic processes. In conclusion, our data suggest that ICAM‐3 on the surface of both T cells and antigen‐presenting cells plays an essential role in the initiation of the immune response.
An Improved Droop Control Strategy for Reactive Power Sharing in Islanded Microgrid

For microgrid in islanded operation, due to the effects of mismatched line impedance, the reactive power could not be shared accurately with the conventional droop method. To improve the reactive power sharing accuracy, this paper proposes an improved droop control method. The proposed method mainly includes two important operations: error reduction operation and voltage recovery operation. The sharing accuracy is improved by the sharing error reduction operation, which is activated by the low-bandwidth synchronization signals. However, the error reduction operation will result in a decrease in output voltage amplitude. Therefore, the voltage recovery operation is proposed to compensate the decrease. The needed communication in this method is very simple, and the plug-and-play is reserved. Simulations and experimental results show that the improved droop controller can share load active and reactive power, enhance the power quality of the microgrid, and also have good dynamic performance.
Design for hierarchical two-pattern testability of data paths

Introduces the concept of hierarchical testability, of data paths for delay faults. A definition of a hierarchically two-pattern testable (HTPT) data path is developed. Also, a design for testability (DFT) method is presented to augment a data path to an HTPT one. The DFT method incorporates a graph-based analysis of an HTPT data path and makes use of some graph algorithms. The proposed method can provide similar advantages to the enhanced scan approach at the cost of much lower hardware overhead.
Utilization of material-focused paintings in interactive art through the analysis of immersive elements

Audience participation is essential for successful interactive art. Accordingly, it is very important to study the immersion that encourages the participation of the audience. In this paper, we analyse the expressive characteristics of material-focused Modernist paintings as immersive elements for which the characteristics of the material itself are highlighted. This includes how behavioural elements are introduced to paintings, how such a seemingly consequential abstract visual exists in the context of Formalism, and how these characteristics are shown in the combined action of physical phenomena of nature. That is, the expressive characteristics that occur as the result of interaction between behaviour of artist, gravity and materials are analysed as the sense of presence, the facilitation of immediate feedback, and the immersive elements of visual beauty. Accordingly, it is suggested this type of analysis can be utilized in interactive art.
A multidimensional approach to evaluating management journals: Refining pagerank via the differentiation of citation types and identifying the roles that management journals play

In this article, the authors introduce two citation‐based approaches to facilitate a multidimensional evaluation of 39 selected management journals. The first is a refined application of PageRank via the differentiation of citation types. The second is a form of mathematical manipulation to identify the roles that the selected management journals play. Their findings reveal that Academy of Management Journal, Academy of Management Review, and Administrative Science Quarterly are the top three management journals, respectively. They also discovered that these three journals play the role of a knowledge hub in the domain. Finally, when compared with Journal Citation Reports (Thomson Reuters, Philadelphia, PA), their results closely match expert opinions.
Embedding data in audio signals using HSA-EMD algorithm

Piracy on the internet has been a long plaguing problem and it has made digital watermarking schemes to play an important role in handling such issues. In this paper, an adaptive watermarking algorithm HSA-EMD is used. Each audio signal is divided into frames and decomposed into intrinsic mode function (IMF). Each IMF has its own number of extrema and minima. The watermark is embedded into the extrema of last IMF. Hence the location of watermark cannot be detected. The proposed scheme is highly robust against various attacks. It gives improved performance than the existing schemes. Thus watermarked IMF is less sensitive to common signal processing attacks.
Pretreatment predictors of cognitive deficits in early psychosis

Background Predicting cognitive deficits in early psychosis may well be crucial to identify those individuals most in need of receiving intensive intervention. As yet, however, the identification of potential pretreatment predictors for cognitive performance has been hampered by inconsistent findings across studies. We aimed to examine the associations of functional and clinical pretreatment variables with cognitive functioning after a first psychotic episode. Method One hundred and thirty-one patients experiencing first-episode psychosis were assessed for psychopathology, pre-morbid functioning, duration of illness, age of onset, and family history of psychosis and neurocognitive functioning. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for six basic cognitive dimensions known to be affected in this population: verbal learning, verbal memory, verbal comprehensive abilities, executive functioning, motor dexterity and sustained attention. Results Pre-morbid functioning was the main predictor for five out of the six basic cognitive domains. Pre-morbid social adjustment difficulties were associated with worse performance in executive functioning, motor dexterity and sustained attention. Academic functioning was associated with verbal comprehension, and verbal learning and memory. Gender, age of onset, duration of untreated psychosis, and family history of psychosis had no or limited value as predictors of neurocognitive outcome. Conclusions Poor pre-morbid functioning was related to a worse performance in the six basic cognitive dimensions evaluated; however, this accounted for only a small amount of the explained variance. Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature in patients with early psychosis regardless of favorable prognostic features such as short duration of illness, female gender, later age of onset, and non-family history of psychosis.
Notice of RetractionThe study of maintain system of dispatched workers' psychological contract

From the perspective of psychological contract, based on analysis of psychological contract formation process model and fixing on the dimensions of psychological contract, construct a support system of dispatched workers' psychological contract. Finally, a psychological contract to maintain two-way dispatch coordination mechanism has been established, so as to provide an effective proposal on maintaining the psychological contract.
A General Sliding Mode Controller for Robot Manipulators

A general sliding mode controller is presented for trajectory tracking of nonlinear robot manipulator systems which guarantees occurrence of sliding mode on a specified general sliding surface. The controller is, in a simple manner, related to the manipulator and load parameters, which greatly reduces the complexity of design. In the sliding mode, desired performance can be obtained by selecting a suitable sliding surface. The algorithm can also be applied to Cartesian space.
Carbohydrate Tolerance and Diabetes in a Total Community, Tecumseh, Michigan: 1. Effects of Age, Sex, and Test Conditions on One-hour Glucose Tolerance in Adults

During initial examinations of the residents of Tecumseh, Michigan, one-hour 100-gm. glucose tolerance tests were applied to 2,983 persons sixteen years of age and older. Distributions of one-hour blood glucose values divided by age, sex and interval since last food were unimodal with slight skewing toward higher levels. In general, means and variances of distributions for men and women of the same age tested under like circumstances were almost identical. In contrast, age and recent food independently exerted striking effects on one-hour levels. With increasing age through the seventh decade the whole one-hour glucosemia distribution shifted steadily toward higher levels, the slope of its regression on age approximating 13 mg. per 100 ml. per decade. Persons challenged within four hours of eating exhibited one-hour values averaging 25 mg. per 100 ml. below those of similar ages challenged at longer intervals after eating. The degree of depression of the one-hour value by recent food increased detectably with the total carbohydrate intake during the last four hours. No diurnal variation was noted; seasonal variation was observed only in males, whose values were slightly higher in autumn months than in other seasons. The consistent observation of a linear age gradient challenges current diagnostic criteria for diabetes which take no account age. Instead, the present data suggest that much of what has been designated as maturity-onset diabetes results from a diminution of carbohydrate tolerance with age which is characteristic of the entire population. Accordingly, hypotheses regarding the etiology of diabetes must be rexamined.
Can measures of infant habituation predict later intellectual ability?

By the end of the 1970s, about 50 years of research had shown fairly clearly that prediction coefficients from measures of infant behaviour to later measures of intelligence in childhood were so low as to indicate that, except in extreme cases such as severe subnormality, the early measures had no predictive validity.1 2 From about this time, however, researchers began to question the nature and validity of the infant tests on which these findings were based. It was argued that the ‘mental scales’ on these tests primarily measured perceptual and motor development, rather than mental or cognitive growth, and there is little reason to expect measures of such abilities to predict later IQ.3 4 Accordingly, the search began for cognitive or information processing measures of infant performance which might more reasonably be considered to tap abilities that are similar to, and may be predictive of, the abilities measured by the childhood intelligence tests. A major focus of this research has been on measures of visual information processing and attentiveness, and it has become clear that a moderate degree of predictability may be possible, leading some to the view that the ‘promise of greater predictive accuracy using recognition memory and habituation rate represents one of the most exciting contemporary fields of inquiry’. 5 One of the best known and most widely used tests of infant development is the Bayley scales of infant development (BSID). In the second edition of these scales published in 1993, many items on the mental development index appear to measure perceptual-motor rather than mental or cognitive development. At 4 months the items include: #36 ‘eyes follow rod’; #44 ‘uses eye-hand coordination in reaching’; and #45 ‘picks up cube’. At 12 months the items include: #73 ‘turns pages of book’; #79 ‘fingers holes in pegboard’; and …
Hb mass measurement suitable to screen for illicit autologous blood transfusions.

PURPOSE An increase of hemoglobin (Hb) mass is the key target of blood doping practices to enhance performance as it is a main determinant of maximal oxygen uptake. Although detection methods exist for doping with recombinant EPO and homologous blood transfusions, autologous transfusions remain virtually undetectable. In this context, the most sensitive parameter would be a determination of Hb mass itself. The purpose therefore was to establish whether Hb mass measurements by the optimized CO-rebreathing method allow screening for the withdrawal and reinfusion of autologous red blood cells. METHODS The optimized CO-rebreathing method was used for evaluation of Hb mass in two groups at three time points (duplicate measurements: 1) baseline, 2) after donation, and 3) after reinfusion). Group I (N = 6) was to donate and receive 1 unit of packed red cells (PRC) in contrast to two PRC in group II (N = 4). The time span between withdrawal and reinfusion was 2 d. RESULTS The mean Hb content of the blood units was 59.0 +/- 3.9 g (group I) and 108.3 +/- 1.3 g (group II). Hb mass decreased significantly after blood withdrawal (-89 +/- 16 g in group I and -120 +/- 14 g in group II) and increased significantly after reinfusion (group I: 70 +/- 16 g; group II: 90 +/- 9 g) but was lower than at baseline (group I: -19 +/- 17 g; group II: -30 +/- 14 g). The total error of measurements for the duplicate measures ranged between 0.8 and 3.1% (Hb mass: 6.4-22.1 g). CONCLUSION Hb mass determination with the optimized CO-rebreathing method has sufficient precision to detect the absolute differences in Hb mass induced by blood withdrawal and autologous reinfusion. Thus, it may be suited to screen for artificially induced alterations in Hb mass.
Collaborative 3 D Modeling by the Crowd

We propose a collaborative 3D modeling system that deconstructs the complex 3D modeling process into a collection of simple tasks to be executed by nonprofessional crowd workers. Given a 2D image showing a target object, each crowd worker is directed to draw a simple sketch representing an orthographic view of the object, using their visual cognition and real-world knowledge. The system then synthesizes a 3D model by integrating the geometrical information obtained from a collection of gathered sketches. We show a set of algorithms that generates clean line drawings and a 3D model from a collection of incomplete sketches containing a considerable amount of errors and inconsistencies. We also discuss a crowdsourcing workflow that iteratively improves the quality of submitted sketches. It introduces competition between workers using extra rewards based on peer-reviewing as well as an example-sharing mechanism to help workers understand the task requirements and quality standards. The proposed system can produce decent-quality 3D geometries of various objects within a few hours.
Association between GH encoding gene polymorphism and semen characteristics in Iranian Holstein bulls

The objective of this present study was to investigate relationships between the growth hormone gene restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and bull sperm characteristics. A total of 89 bulls from two semen evaluation stations were genotyped for the bovine growth hormone (bGH)-AluI polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction and followed by 4% metaphor agaros gel electrophoresis. The overall allele frequencies for two L and V alleles were 0.50, respectively. The relationship between the bGH-AluI polymorphism and semen characteristics was evaluated according 1500 ejaculated records. Five sperm characteristics were analyzed. Sperm characteristics showed significant variability in relation to bGH genotypes. LL bulls had a lower ejaculated volume and higher percentage of live sperm, and VV bulls had higher fresh sperm concentration and minimum effect after cryopreservation. This polymorphism could be further used for semen evaluation process in artificial insemination program in Iranian Holstein bulls. Key word : Semen characteristics, growth hormone (GH) polymorphism, Holstein bulls.
Impact of Appropriate Use on the Estimated Radiation Risk to Men and Women Undergoing Radionuclide Myocardial Perfusion Imaging

The impact of appropriate use criteria (AUC) for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with SPECT on the estimated lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer is unknown. Methods: A cohort of 1,511 consecutive patients who underwent clinically indicated 99mTc-setamibi MPI were categorized into appropriate/uncertain (n = 823) versus inappropriate (n = 688) use groups according to the 2009 AUC and were prospectively followed for 27 ± 10 mo. Logistic regression models were used to determine the annualized probability of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) of cardiac death or myocardial infarction and the probability of revascularization within 6 mo of MPI, accounting for relevant covariates. We determined LAR for each subject on the basis of accepted risk estimates. We calculated MPI’s benefit-to-risk ratios, defined by the annualized predicted MACE-to-LAR ratio and the predicted 6-mo-revascularization–to–LAR ratio. Results: During follow-up, there were 22 MACE and 29 6-mo revascularizations. The administered radioactivity and effective radiation doses absorbed were similar between the study groups. Patients with inappropriate MPI had significantly higher LAR (median, 0.08% vs. 0.06%, P < 0.001), lower predicted MACE-to-LAR ratio (median, 1.5 vs. 4.3, P < 0.001), and lower predicted 6-mo-revascularization–to–LAR ratio (median, 5.4 vs. 15.5, P < 0.001). Women had higher LAR (median, 0.08% vs. 0.07%, P < 0.001) and lower predicted MACE-to-LAR ratio (median, 1.9 vs. 3.3, P < 0.001) and 6-mo-revascularization–to–LAR ratio (median, 4.4 vs. 17.5, P < 0.001). However, appropriate/uncertain use negated the difference between men and women in LAR (P = 0.94) and the predicted MACE-to-LAR ratio (P = 0.97). Conclusion: Inappropriate MPI use is associated with excess cancer risk and lower MPI’s benefit-to-risk ratio. Appropriate/uncertain use neutralizes the sex gap in LAR with MPI.
How common are cranial sesamoids among squamates?

Sesamoids are elements that originate as intratendinous structures due to genetic and epigenetic factors. These elements have been reported frequently in vertebrates, although cranial sesamoids have been recorded almost exclusively in non‐tetrapod Osteichthyes. The only tetrapod cranial sesamoids reported until now have been the transiliens cartilage (of crocodiles and turtles), and another one located in the quadrate‐mandibular joint of birds. Here, we examined seven squamate species using histological sections, dissections of preserved specimens, dry skeletons, cleared and stained specimens, computed tomographies (CT), and report the presence of other cranial sesamoids. One is attached to the cephalic condyle of the quadrate, embedded in the bodenaponeurosis and jaw adductor muscles of Ophiodes intermedius (Anguidae). The other sesamoid is found at the base of the basicranium of several squamates, capping the sphenoccipital tubercle, on the lateral side of the basioccipital–basisphenoid suture. This bone has previously been reported as “element X. ” We reinterpret it as a basicranial sesamoid, as it is associated with tendons of the cranio‐cervical muscles. This bone seems to have the function of resisting tension‐compression forces generated by the muscle during flexion the head. This element was previously known in several squamates, and we confirmed its presence in three additional squamate families: Gymnophthalmidae, Gekkonidae, and Pygopodidae. The evidence suggests that cranial sesamoids are a widespread character in squamates, and it is possible that this feature has been present since the origin of the group.
Modeling and verification of timed automaton based hybrid systems using spin model checker

Cyber Physical Systems are composition of physical processes and discrete computational elements. Modeling and verification of such systems require mechanisms that incorporate continuos behaviour for monitoring physical events and descrete behaviour for computational elements. Passage of time is a fundamental property to be modelled and hybrid systems incorporate this aspect directly in the automaton of the model. In this paper a validation model for a timed automata is modeled using PROMELA and is verified using Spin model checker. The novelty of the proposed work is an attempt to model timed automata based hybrid systems using the basic constructs of PROMELA. Verification of safety and correctness properties of a traffic controller modeled as a hybrid system is attempted. Further a traffic light controller protocol consisting of four such controllers are introduced, their interactions and properties were verified. The proposed work provide an easy and effective way to build protocols for timed automaton based systems using Spin Model Checker.
Ge nFET with high electron mobility and superior PBTI reliability enabled by monolayer-Si surface passivation and La-induced interface dipole formation

Monolayer-Si-passivated Ge nFETs with high electron mobility (175 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vs at Ns=5×10<sup>12</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>) and superior PBTI reliability (max. V<sub>ov</sub> = |V<sub>g</sub>-V<sub>th</sub>| of 0.28V at 125°C) at 0.95-nm-EOT are demonstrated on a 300 mm Si wafer platform. The electron mobility is increased by optimizing the Si thickness while significant improvement in PBTI reliability is realized by band engineering using La-induced interface dipole and defect passivation using laser annealing. This is a significant step forward for the introduction of Ge nFET as high mobility device in advanced technology nodes.