Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reshaped Wirtinger Flow for Solving Quadratic System of Equations

We study the problem of recovering a vector $\bx\in \bbR^n$ from its magnitude measurements $y_i=|\langle \ba_i, \bx\rangle|, i=1,. , m$. Our work is along the line of the Wirtinger flow (WF) approach \citet{candes2015phase}, which solves the problem by minimizing a nonconvex loss function via a gradient algorithm and can be shown to converge to a global optimal point under good initialization. In contrast to the smooth loss function used in WF, we adopt a nonsmooth but lower-order loss function, and design a gradient-like algorithm (referred to as reshaped-WF). We show that for random Gaussian measurements, reshaped-WF enjoys geometric convergence to a global optimal point as long as the number $m$ of measurements is at the order of $\cO(n)$, where $n$ is the dimension of the unknown $\bx$. This improves the sample complexity of WF, and achieves the same sample complexity as truncated-WF \citet{chen2015solving} but without truncation at gradient step. Furthermore, reshaped-WF costs less computationally than WF, and runs faster numerically than both WF and truncated-WF. Bypassing higher-order variables in the loss function and truncations in the gradient loop, analysis of reshaped-WF is simplified.
Track : the complexities of relationship dynamics A SOCIO-MATERIAL APPROACH ON BUSINESS RELATIONHIP DEVELOPMENT : BREAKDOWNS AS A CHANGE-ORIENTED PROCESS

The aim of the paper is to explore how relationships develop through different kinds of practice breakdowns. While most prior IMP research focus on either cognition or resources in explaining relationship development, our work focuses on relationship development resulting from the difference in the way actors experience resources and their interfaces mediated by practice breakdowns. To do so we use an phenomenological lens. The study investigates a long standing buyer seller relationship that engages in a new joint activity in commercial aviation. In relying on a participant observation study of eight months at both partners, we observed that different degrees of breakdowns ranging from mild to complete, stipulates different ways through which actors experience resources and the way they interact with other resources. A key finding is that actors emphasize the usefulness of resource and interfaces developed within relationships when confronted to malfunctions or minor disturbances. Adjusting resource and interfaces occur when minor disturbances cannot be resolved and thereby leading into a total breakdown, preceded by problematizing resource and interfaces through de-contextualization which is conceived as a critical process. Our study has relevance for understanding stability and change in business relationship through the entwinement of resources and cognitions.
Tap-Proof Encryption Using Perfect Forward Secrecy In Web Browser

Nowadays world became seriously caring about privacy issue since there are several incidents occurring, such as SIM card hack, intercepting phone calls, intercepting internet communication, illegal surveillance program like PRISM and others. One of the ways to overcome this problem is by using Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS). There is not much research that successfully proves the effectiveness of PFS in the Internet. By using real experiment testbed, this research begins with setting up a web-based application server. Then, the client computer is created. After that, by using another computer as the attacker, another computer installed with Wireshark app, then, it used to capture the communication between client and web server. This capturing process repeated for both communication that used PFS and without PFS. Based on the result, Wireshark successfully captures clear crystal text of data on the communication without the PFS compared to encrypted text on communication with the PFS. Therefore, by using the PFS, the communication data protected the communication data. This research hopefully can be used as to provide privacy in the Internet communication.
Self-organising map representations of greyscale images reflect human similarity judgements

In this study we assessed a Kohonen network's ability to represent visual similarity between grayscale pictures and whether these representations were associated with human ratings of perceived similarity. We trained a Kohonen network (SOM) with 370 standardized grayscale pictures deriving from 70 basic level object categories (e.g. dog, apple, chair, etc.) and measured, for each category, the average Euclidean distance of the SOM output patterns to provide an index of the visual similarity between exemplars of the same basic level category. We then asked human subjects to provide visual similarity ratings for the same categories of stimuli and compared these with the measures extracted from the SOM. The significant correlation between the SOM and human measures suggests that a SOM may be a useful way of modeling certain stages of human visual categorization. Interestingly, the human ratings showed category-specific differences in the level of similarity ascribed to living and nonliving things. However, this pattern was not reflected in the SOM representations of the same stimuli. This has important implications for theories of object recognition and, specifically, our understanding of category-specific naming impairments.
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), a knowledgebase of human genes and genetic disorders

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM™) is a comprehensive, authoritative and timely knowledgebase of human genes and genetic disorders compiled to support human genetics research and education and the practice of clinical genetics. Started by Dr Victor A. McKusick as the definitive reference Mendelian Inheritance in Man, OMIM (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/) is now distributed electronically by the National Center for Biotechnology Information, where it is integrated with the Entrez suite of databases. Derived from the biomedical literature, OMIM is written and edited at Johns Hopkins University with input from scientists and physicians around the world. Each OMIM entry has a full-text summary of a genetically determined phenotype and/or gene and has numerous links to other genetic databases such as DNA and protein sequence, PubMed references, general and locus-specific mutation databases, HUGO nomenclature, MapViewer, GeneTests, patient support groups and many others. OMIM is an easy and straightforward portal to the burgeoning information in human genetics.
Characterizing interactive externalizations

This paper seeks to characterize the space of techniques that exist for interactive externalisations (visualizations). A selection of visualizations are classified with respect to: the types of data represented, the nature of the visible feedback displayed and the forms of interactivity used. Such characterization provides a method for evaluating potential designs and comparing different tools.
Antithrombotic activity of TNF-a Beatrice Cambien

Basic and clinical observations suggest that thrombosis and inflammation are closely related. Here we addressed the role played by TNF-a in thrombus formation and growth in an in vivo mouse model. Using intravital microscopy, we show that systemic administration of TNF-a at doses found in sepsis transiently inhibits thrombus formation and delays arterial occlusion upon vascular injury. These results were reflected in a prolonged bleeding time. Platelets isolated from the TNF-a–treated mice showed a marked decrease in fibrinogen binding and P-selectin expression as well as reduced platelet aggregation in response to various agonists. In contrast, in vitro treatment of platelets with TNF-a did not affect their function. TNF receptor 1– and 2–deficient mice exhibited normal thrombogenesis in the presence of TNF-a. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of TNF-a was lost either after treatment with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, an inhibitor of NO production, or in mice deficient for iNOS. These results indicate that under inflammatory conditions, when leukocytes need free passage to transmigrate into tissues, TNF-a decreases platelet activation and inhibits thrombi formation. This effect is not exerted directly on platelets but mediated through the rapid generation of NO in the vessel wall. Article Hematology
Fc-fusion proteins and FcRn: structural insights for longer-lasting and more effective therapeutics

Abstract Nearly 350 IgG-based therapeutics are approved for clinical use or are under development for many diseases lacking adequate treatment options. These include molecularly engineered biologicals comprising the IgG Fc-domain fused to various effector molecules (so-called Fc-fusion proteins) that confer the advantages of IgG, including binding to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) to facilitate in vivo stability, and the therapeutic benefit of the specific effector functions. Advances in IgG structure-function relationships and an understanding of FcRn biology have provided therapeutic opportunities for previously unapproachable diseases. This article discusses approved Fc-fusion therapeutics, novel Fc-fusion proteins and FcRn-dependent delivery approaches in development, and how engineering of the FcRn–Fc interaction can generate longer-lasting and more effective therapeutics.
Research on the Influencing Mechanism of Traditional Cultural Values on Citizens’ Behavior Regarding the Reuse of Recycled Water

In order to explore the influence mechanism of traditional Chinese culture values on urban residents’ acceptance of the reuse of recycled water, this paper selects interdependent self-constructional indicators representing the dependency relation between people as the representative of traditional culture values. In this paper, interdependent self-constructional indicators are introduced based on a technology acceptance model (TAM), in order to establish a hypothesis model. Following this, the writer conducts a study that shows the influence on the acceptance of recycled water through the formation of interdependent self-construction. Finally, the influence mechanism of traditional cultural values on citizens’ behavior regarding the reuse of recycled water is determined. To start with, the writer verifies the reliability and validity of data from 584 samples, and then tests the goodness-of-fit between the sample data and the hypothesis model by AMOS21.0 (software). On this basis, the writer analyzes the direct and indirect influence through the hypothesis model and finds that the interdependent self-constructional intensity will accelerate the acceptance process of recycled water technology by positively influencing a change in the residents’ attitudes to recycled water. The conclusion shows that traditional Chinese cultural values have a certain influence on urban residents’ acceptance of the reuse of recycled water. Meanwhile, the writer clarifies the influence’s mechanism.
The project ENABLE II randomized controlled trial to improve palliative care for rural patients with advanced cancer: Baseline findings, methodological challenges, and solutions

ABSTRACT Objective: There is a paucity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate models of palliative care. Although interventions vary, all have faced a variety of methodological challenges including adequate recruitment, missing data, and contamination of the control group. We describe the ENABLE II intervention, methods, and sample baseline characteristics to increase intervention and methodological transparency, and to describe our solutions to selected methodological issues. Methods: Half of the participants recruited from our rural U.S. comprehensive cancer center and affiliated clinics were randomly assigned to a phone-based, nurse-led educational, care coordination palliative care intervention model. Intervention services were provided to half of the participants weekly for the first month and then monthly until death, including bereavement follow-up call to the caregiver. The other half of the participants were assigned to care as usual. Symptoms, quality of life, mood, and functional status were assessed every 3 months until death. Results: Baseline data of 279 participants were similar to normative samples. Solutions to methodological challenges of recruitment, missing data, and “usual care” control group contamination are described. Significance of results: It is feasible to overcome many of the methodological challenges to conducting a rigorous palliative care RCT.
Software Visualization in the Large

The invisible nature of software hides system complexity, particularly for large team-oriented projects. The authors have evolved four innovative visual representations of code to help solve this problem: line representation; pixel representation; file summary representation; and hierarchical representation. We first describe these four visual code representations and then discuss the interaction techniques for manipulating them. We illustrate our software visualization techniques through five case studies. The first three focus on software history and static software characteristics; the last two discuss execution behavior. The software library and its implementation are then described. Finally, we briefly review some related work and compare and contrast our different techniques for visualizing software.
Interpretation of Prediction Models Using the Input Gradient

State of the art machine learning algorithms are highly optimized to provide the optimal prediction possible, naturally resulting in complex models. While these models often outperform simpler more interpretable models by order of magnitudes, in terms of understanding the way the model functions, we are often facing a "black box". In this paper we suggest a simple method to interpret the behavior of any predictive model, both for regression and classification. Given a particular model, the information required to interpret it can be obtained by studying the partial derivatives of the model with respect to the input. We exemplify this insight by interpreting convolutional and multi-layer neural networks in the field of natural language processing.
Oxidized Cellulose (Surgicel) Causing Postoperative Cauda Equine Syndrome

Hemostatic agents are often used in spine surgery to control excessive bleeding. Oxidized cellulose (OC) is a common hemostatic agent used for this purpose. We present a case of postoperative cauda equina syndrome caused by Surgicel (Johnson & Johnson, New Jersey, US). An emergent decompression led to complete recovery. All attempts should be made to remove OC before closure after hemostasis has been achieved.
High-Contrast Fluorescence Imaging in Fixed and Living Cells Using Optimized Optical Switches

We present the design, synthesis and characterization of new functionalized fluorescent optical switches for rapid, all-visible light-mediated manipulation of fluorescence signals from labelled structures within living cells, and as probes for high-contrast optical lock-in detection (OLID) imaging microscopy. A triazole-substituted BIPS (TzBIPS) is identified from a rational synthetic design strategy that undergoes robust, rapid and reversible, visible light-driven transitions between a colorless spiro- (SP) and a far-red absorbing merocyanine (MC) state within living cells. The excited MC-state of TzBIPS may also decay to the MC-ground state emitting near infra-red fluorescence, which is used as a sensitive and quantitative read-out of the state of the optical switch in living cells. The SP to MC transition for a membrane-targeted TzBIPS probe (C12-TzBIPS) is triggered at 405 nm at an energy level compatible with studies in living cells, while the action spectrum of the reverse transition (MC to SP) has a maximum at 650 nm. The SP to MC transition is complete within the 790 ns pixel dwell time of the confocal microscope, while a single cycle of optical switching between the SP and MC states in a region of interest is complete within 8 ms (125 Hz) within living cells, the fastest rate attained for any optical switch probe in a biological sample. This property can be exploited for real-time correction of background signals in living cells. A reactive form of TzBIPS is linked to secondary antibodies and used, in conjunction with an enhanced scope-based analysis of the modulated MC-fluorescence in immuno-stained cells, for high-contrast immunofluorescence microscopic analysis of the actin cytoskeleton.
Using the critical incidence technique to study new competencies for knowledge services in the self-service society

Citation for published version (APA): Fuglsang, L. , Sundbo, J., Mattsson, J., & Hugger, A. S. (2003). Using the critical incidence technique to study new competencies for knowledge services in the self-service society. Institut for Kultur og Identitet, Roskilde Universitet. Forskningsrapport / Center for Servicestudier, Roskilde Universitetscenter Vol. 3 No. 1 http://css.ruc. dk/epublikationer.html
Gene, Cell, and Axon Changes in the Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Sensorimotor Cortex

Lower motoneuron abnormalities have been extensively documented in the murine model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, whereas information on corticospinal neurons in these mice is very limited. We investigated 1) mRNA levels of inflammation-related molecules in the deep layers in which corticospinal neurons reside, 2) corticospinal neurons labeled from tracer injections in the corticospinal tract at the cervical level, 3) axonal damage revealed by &bgr;-amyloid precursor protein accumulation, and 4) glial cell activation in the sensorimotor cortex of presymptomatic and end-stage superoxide dismutase (SOD)-1 (G93A) mice. We demonstrated induction of inflammatory gene transcripts in the deep layers, early and progressive shrinkage of corticospinal cell bodies and activation of surrounding astrocytes and microglia with upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I antigen. Accumulation of &bgr;-amyloid precursor protein in proximal axonal swellings indicating axonal injury was also evident at the terminal stage in the motor cortex and internal capsule. Glial and axon changes were not observed elsewhere in the cortex. These data reveal that the entire motor circuit is affected in this murine amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model as it is in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Sensorimotor cortical inflammation and progressive corticospinal cell body and fiber damage may reflect transsynaptic signaling of damage from lower motoneurons.
TREC Novelty Track at IRIT-SIG

In TREC 2004, IRIT modified important features of the strategy that was developed for TREC 2003. Changes include tuning parameter values, topic expansion and exploitation of sentences context. According to our method, a sentence is considered as relevant if it matches the topic with a certain level of coverage. This coverage depends on the category of the terms used in the texts. Four types of terms have been defined highly relevant, scarcely relevant, non-relevant (like stop words), highly non-relevant terms (negative terms). Term categorization is based on topic analysis: highly non-relevant terms are extracted from the narrative parts that describe what will be a non-relevant document. The three other types of terms are extracted from the rest of the query. Each term of a topic is weighted according to both its occurrence and the topic part it belongs to (title, descriptive, narrative). Additionally we increase the score of a sentence when either the previous or the next sentence is relevant. When topic expansion is applied, terms from relevant sentences (task 3) or from the first retrieved sentences (task 1) are added to the initial terms. With regard to the novelty part , a sentence is considered as novel if its similarity with each of previously processed -and selected as novel-sentences does not exceed a certain threshold. In addition, this sentence should not be too similar to a virtual sentence made of the n best-matching and previously selected sentences.
Nonlinear Oscillators at Our Fingertips

1. AN EXPERIMENT WITH COUPLED OSCILLATORS. We begin with an experiment that requires minimal equipment: you just need your left and right fore fingers. To get warmed up, first point your right forefinger in the natural way (we refer to this position as the "equilibrium position"). Next move your right forefinger back and forth in a motion that could be graphed as shown in Figure 1, where the displace ment of the fingertip equals the distance from the equilibrium position.
When You and I Share Perspectives

Readers mentally simulate the objects and events described in narratives. One common assumption is that readers mentally embody an actor's perspective; alternatively, readers might mentally simulate events from an external “onlooker” perspective. Two experiments examined the role of pronouns in modulating a reader's adopted perspective when comprehending simple event sentences. Experiment 1 demonstrated that readers embody an actor's perspective when the pronoun you or I is used, but take an external perspective when he is used. Experiment 2, however, found that a short discourse context preceding the event sentence led readers to adopt an external perspective with the pronoun I. These experiments demonstrate that pronoun variation and discourse context mediate the degree of embodiment experienced during narrative comprehension: In all cases, readers mentally simulate objects and events, but they embody an actor's perspective only when directly addressed as the subject of a sentence.
Judgment Aggregation in Creative Production: Evidence from the Movie Industry

We study a novel, low-cost approach to aggregating judgment from a large number of industry experts on ideas that they encounter in their normal course of business. Our context is the movie industry, in which customer appeal is difficult to predict and investment costs are high. The Black List, an annual publication, ranks unproduced scripts based on anonymous nominations from film executives. This approach entails an inherent trade-off: Low participation costs enable high response rates, but nominations lack standard criteria, and which voters see which ideas is unobservable and influenced by various factors. Despite these challenges, we find that such aggregation is predictive: Listed scripts are substantially more likely to be released than observably similar, but unlisted, scripts, and, conditional on release and investment levels, listed scripts generate higher box-office revenues. We also find that this method mitigates entry barriers for less-experienced writers, as (i) their scripts are more likely to be listed than those by experienced writers and to rank higher if listed and (ii) within scripts by less-experienced writers, being listed is associated with a higher release rate. Yet, the gap in release probabilities relative to experienced writers remains large, even for top-ranked scripts. These results can be explained by the premise that scripts from less-experienced writers are more visible among eligible voters than scripts from experienced writers. This highlights idea visibility as an important determinant of votes and surfaces the trade-offs, as well as potential limitations, associated with such methods. This paper was accepted by Ashish Arora, entrepreneurship and innovation.
New Developments in Grocery Manufacturer and Distributor Marketing Programs: A Survey of U.S. Wholesalers and Retailers

The retail food industry has taken initiatives to improve cost and to return the focus of management to the consumer. Among these initiatives are Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) and category management. A mail questionnaire elicited perceptions on these issues from 95 executives among U.S. food wholesalers and retailers. This study found that ECR category management are being used to streamline costs and to remove logistical inefficiencies. Although it is widely recognized that category management provides a consumer focus, distributors seemingly brush aside tactics that target individual customers in favor of efforts that target logistical efficiency.