Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of Shelf Life of Milled Rice Stored at Different Temperatures

An experiment on milled rice storage was conducted to investigate storage properties anddetermine best before date. Conventional milled rice and rinse-free rice were stored in incubatorscontrolled at temperatures from -20C to 25C for one year. Physicochemical properties such as freefat acidity, appearance of cooked rice, hardness and stickiness of cooked rice were examined.Sensory tests were also carried out to assess eating quality. There was very little qualitydeterioration of rice stored at low temperature. The higher the temperature was, the greater qualitydegradation was. Best before date of milled rice at each storage temperature was shown by eatingquality assessed by a sensory test, which was considered the most important measurement item todetermine best before date. In this study, best before dates of conventional milled rice stored at25C, 15C and 5C and less were one month, five months and seven months, respectively. Thoseof rinse-free rice stored at 25C and 15C and less were one month and seven months, respectively.
APPROXIMATE PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF AC ELECTRIC DRIVES

This thesis deals with the development of model predictive control of ac electric drives with long prediction horizons and yet with computational cost of the algorithm comparable to conventional cascade control approaches. The basic idea is to approximate the cost to go function of dynamic programming taking into account long prediction horizon. For specific cases (linear model and quadratic cost function) the optimization of the control problem can be solved analytically which leads to a dramatic computational cost reduction. However the analytical solution does not consider the hard state and input constraints. Therefore proposed control algorithm combines unconstrained solution with constraint manager. Resulting algorithm is very simple and computationally comparable to conventional control schemes, nonetheless it still preserves excellent control performance of MPC solved on long prediction horizon. Proposed control technique has been implemented in DSP and tested in three practical examples of drive control on laboratory prototype of PMSM drive of rated power 10.7 kW. The first case is described in chapter four and it is focused on cascade free speed control of PMSM using PWM. in this case, we aim to achieve comparable performance to existing PWM-based solutions of cascade free control at much lower computational cost. The second case is focused on speed control of PMSM using finite number of admissible control inputs. Existing one step FCS-MPC suffers from high distortion of the stator current. in this case we aim to enhance the current control performance at computational cost comparable to one-step ahead solution of FCS-MPC. The third Example focused on designing MPC for control of the Traction PMSM drive with input LC filter fed from dc centenary. The control problem is divided in two parts.i) stability of the input LC filter and ii) dynamics of the PMSM drive. Both parts are elegantly combined in the cost function of a simple one step FCS-MPC. The term respecting the Input LC filter is designed analytically taking into account long prediction horizons.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Petunia hybrida in Response to Salt Stress Using High Throughput RNA Sequencing

Salinity and drought stress are the primary cause of crop losses worldwide. In sodic saline soils sodium chloride (NaCl) disrupts normal plant growth and development. The complex interactions of plant systems with abiotic stress have made RNA sequencing a more holistic and appealing approach to study transcriptome level responses in a single cell and/or tissue. In this work, we determined the Petunia transcriptome response to NaCl stress by sequencing leaf samples and assembling 196 million Illumina reads with Trinity software. Using our reference transcriptome we identified more than 7,000 genes that were differentially expressed within 24 h of acute NaCl stress. The proposed transcriptome can also be used as an excellent tool for biological and bioinformatics in the absence of an available Petunia genome and it is available at the SOL Genomics Network (SGN) http://solgenomics.net. Genes related to regulation of reactive oxygen species, transport, and signal transductions as well as novel and undescribed transcripts were among those differentially expressed in response to salt stress. The candidate genes identified in this study can be applied as markers for breeding or to genetically engineer plants to enhance salt tolerance. Gene Ontology analyses indicated that most of the NaCl damage happened at 24 h inducing genotoxicity, affecting transport and organelles due to the high concentration of Na+ ions. Finally, we report a modification to the library preparation protocol whereby cDNA samples were bar-coded with non-HPLC purified primers, without affecting the quality and quantity of the RNA-seq data. The methodological improvement presented here could substantially reduce the cost of sample preparation for future high-throughput RNA sequencing experiments.
Measuring single-cell density

We have used a microfluidic mass sensor to measure the density of single living cells. By weighing each cell in two fluids of different densities, our technique measures the single-cell mass, volume, and density of approximately 500 cells per hour with a density precision of 0.001 g mL-1. We observe that the intrinsic cell-to-cell variation in density is nearly 100-fold smaller than the mass or volume variation. As a result, we can measure changes in cell density indicative of cellular processes that would be otherwise undetectable by mass or volume measurements. Here, we demonstrate this with four examples: identifying Plasmodium falciparum malaria-infected erythrocytes in a culture, distinguishing transfused blood cells from a patient’s own blood, identifying irreversibly sickled cells in a sickle cell patient, and identifying leukemia cells in the early stages of responding to a drug treatment. These demonstrations suggest that the ability to measure single-cell density will provide valuable insights into cell state for a wide range of biological processes.
Topologically Clean Distance Fields

Analysis of the results obtained from material simulations is important in the physical sciences. Our research was motivated by the need to investigate the properties of a simulated porous solid as it is hit by a projectile. This paper describes two techniques for the generation of distance fields containing a minimal number of topological features, and we use them to identify features of the material. We focus on distance fields defined on a volumetric domain considering the distance to a given surface embedded within the domain. Topological features of the field are characterized by its critical points. Our first method begins with a distance field that is computed using a standard approach, and simplifies this field using ideas from Morse theory. We present a procedure for identifying and extracting a feature set through analysis of the MS complex, and apply it to find the invariants in the clean distance field. Our second method proceeds by advancing a front, beginning at the surface, and locally controlling the creation of new critical points. We demonstrate the value of topologically clean distance fields for the analysis of filament structures in porous solids. Our methods produce a curved skeleton representation of the filaments that helps material scientists to perform a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of pores, and hence infer important material properties. Furthermore, we provide a set of criteria for finding the "difference" between two skeletal structures, and use this to examine how the structure of the porous solid changes over several timesteps in the simulation of the particle impact.
Erratum: Perturbation of Partitioned Hermitian Definite Generalized Eigenvalue Problems

The main purpose of this erratum is to correct mistakes in the proof of Theorem 2.4 of [R. -C. Li et al., SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. , 32 (2011), pp. 642--663] and in the inequalities (2.23), (2.24), and (2.25) on p. 653 of the same paper.
Isotope Studies of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Ground Ice - Experiences with the Equilibration Technique

Abstract Equilibration technique suitable for a large amount ofsamples is described for hydrogen and oxygen isotope analyses of ground ice, especially ice wedges, including the sampling strategy and the analytical procedure as well as the calibration of the Finnigan MAT Delta-S mass spectrometer in June, 1999. Since for future analyses of ice wedges, a higher sampling resolution with limited sample volume is required, the limit of the equliibration technique for small water samples size of between 0.05 and 5 ml was checked. For water samples smaller than 1ml, corresponding to a molar ratio [H2O]/[H2] of smaller than 0.994, a balance correction has to be applied. The experimental errors due to partial evaporation during evacuation, the balance calcultion of the isotope equilibration process, the linearity as well as memory effects of the mass spectrometer for smaples with large differences in δ18O and δD are tackled in this paper. In the polar regions of Northern Siberia without Late Pleistocene and Holocene glaciation, ground ice is used as an archive for paleoclimate studies. First results of stable isotope measurements on ice wedges clearly show a shift towards heavier isotopes and thus warmer winter temperatures as well as a change in the source of the precipitation between Late Pleistocene and Holocene. These results indicate the high potential of ground ice for paleoclimate studies.
An Evaluation of Information Visualization in Attention-Limited Environments

People often need to quickly access or maintain awareness of secondary information while busy with other primary tasks. Information visualizations provide rapid, effective access to information, but are generally designed to be examined by users as the primary focus of their attention. The goal of this research is to discover how to design information visualizations intended for the periphery and to understand how quickly and effectively people can interpret information visualizations while they are busily performing other tasks. We evaluated how several factors of a visualization (visual density, presence time, and secondary task type) impact people's abilities to continue with a primary task and to complete secondary tasks related to the visualization. Our results suggest that, with relaxed time pressure, reduced visual information density and a single well-defined secondary task, people can effectively interpret visualizations with minimal distraction to their primary task.
Feature Statistics Modulate the Activation of Meaning During Spoken Word Processing

Abstract Understanding spoken words involves a rapid mapping from speech to conceptual representations. One distributed feature‐based conceptual account assumes that the statistical characteristics of concepts’ features—the number of concepts they occur in (distinctiveness/sharedness) and likelihood of co‐occurrence (correlational strength)—determine conceptual activation. To test these claims, we investigated the role of distinctiveness/sharedness and correlational strength in speech‐to‐meaning mapping, using a lexical decision task and computational simulations. Responses were faster for concepts with higher sharedness, suggesting that shared features are facilitatory in tasks like lexical decision that require access to them. Correlational strength facilitated responses for slower participants, suggesting a time‐sensitive co‐occurrence‐driven settling mechanism. The computational simulation showed similar effects, with early effects of shared features and later effects of correlational strength. These results support a general‐to‐specific account of conceptual processing, whereby early activation of shared features is followed by the gradual emergence of a specific target representation.
A study of polar ozone depletion based on sequential assimilation of satellite data from the ENVISAT/MIPAS and Odin/SMR instruments

The objective of this study is to demonstrate how polar ozone depletion can be mapped and quantified by assimilating ozone data from satellites into the wind driven transport model DIAMOND, (Dynamical Isentropic Assimilation Model for OdiN Data). With access to a large set of satellite data, ozone fields can be built up that are far less noisy than the individual satellite ozone profiles. The transported fields can subsequently be compared to later sets of incoming satellite data so that the rates and geographical distribution of ozone depletion can be determined. By tracing the amounts of solar irradiation received by different air parcels in a transport model it is furthermore possible to study the photolytic reactions that destroy ozone. In this study, destruction of ozone that took place in the Antarctic winter of 2003 and in the Arctic winter of 2002/2003 has been examined by assimilating ozone data from the ENVISAT/MIPAS and Odin/SMR satellite-instruments. Large scale depletion of ozone has, as expected, been observed in the Antarctic polar vortex of 2003 when sunlight returned after the polar night. Ozone depletion in the range 1020% was furthermore observed on the 475 K potential temperature level in the central regions of the 2002/2003 Arctic polar vortex.
Exertional fatigue in patients with CKD.

BACKGROUND Fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms in chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, fatigue mechanisms are poorly understood due in part to nonspecific definitions. This study investigates exertional fatigue during simulated activities of daily living, focusing on oxygen delivery and utilization. STUDY DESIGN "Explanatory" matched-cohort study. PARTICIPANTS & SETTING 13 patients with CKD (stages 3b-4; mean age, 62 ± 13 [SD] years) and 13 healthy controls, mean matched for age, height, body mass and composition, and physical activity level. Participants completed an incremental cycle ergometer test to simulate energy expenditure of typical activities of daily living. FACTOR 4 exercise intensities: 1, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.1 metabolic equivalent tasks (METs). OUTCOMES The primary outcome was exertional fatigue by rating of perceived exertion (RPE) on a 6-20 scale. MEASUREMENTS Other multidimensional measures of fatigue: UK Short Form Health Survey 36 (UK SF-36) Vitality and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) subscales. Physiologic measures of the oxygen transport and utilization chain (expired gas analysis, cardiac output, and arterial oxygen content) and blood lactate. RESULTS RPE was increased in patients compared with controls at 2.4 (10.5 [ie, light] ± 2.7 vs 8.7 [very light] ± 1.7 units) and 3.1 (12.5 [somewhat hard] ± 2.6 vs 10.2 [light] ± 1.7 units) METs (interaction P = 0.03), which was consistent with higher chronic fatigue in patients by both the UK SF-36 Vitality (P = 0.01) and FACIT-Fatigue (P = 0.004) subscales. Arterial oxygen content was decreased in patients (P = 0.001), but cardiac output and oxygen extraction ratio were unchanged, decreasing oxygen delivery (P = 0.04). Respiratory exchange ratio (P = 0.004) and blood lactate production (P = 0.002) were increased. LIMITATIONS Those inherent to a matched-cohort study. CONCLUSIONS Using a novel application of the outcome measure RPE, patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD reported considerable exertional fatigue during simulated activities of daily living. Poor compensation for mild anemia contributed to this symptom. In addition to anemia, the entire oxygen transport chain needs to be targeted to treat fatigue in patients with CKD.
An architectural approach for reconfigurable industrial I/O devices

This paper presents an architecture concept for reconfigurable industrial I/O devices. In order to avoid the use of special hardware modules as well as to offload the PLC from real-time preprocessing of sensor data, these tasks are shifted into the reconfigurable I/O device. Therefore, an FPGA based architecture template is proposed that supports loading of application-specific functions into the I/O device at runtime. The architecture template is partitioned into a static part and several reconfigurable slots. While the static part implements all fixed design elements, like the communication with the field bus and the in-system CPU, all application-specific functions are mapped onto the reconfigurable slots. In order to perform the reconfiguration of application-specific functions at runtime, the partial reconfiguration technology of modern FPGAs is used. The proposed concept is evaluated by mapping a case study with four reconfigurable slots onto a Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC. The results show that new application-specific functions can be flexibly loaded into the I/O device. The total reconfiguration process of exemplary application-specific functions requires up to 3 ms and cause down-times below 0.5 ms. This especially enables new control applications that can even change the preprocessing within I/O devices during cyclic data communication.
Extraction of (Key, Value) Pairs from Unstructured Ads

In this paper, we focus on the problem of extracting structured labeled data from short unstructured adpostings from online sources like Craigslist, where ads are posted on various topics, such as job postings, rentals, car sales etc. A fundamental challenge in addressing this problem is that most ad-postings are highly unstructured, short-text postings written in an informal manner with no inherent grammar or welldefined dictionary. In this paper, we propose unsupervised and supervised algorithms for extracting structured data from unstructured ads in the form of (key, value) pairs where the keys naturally represent topicspecific features in the ads. The unsupervised algorithm is centered around building an affinity graph, using the words from a topic-specific corpus of such ads where the edge weights represent affinities between words; the (key, value) extraction algorithm identifies specific groups of words in the affinity graph corresponding to different classes of key attributes. The supervised algorithm uses a Conditional Random Field based training algorithm to identify specific structured (key, value) pairs based on pre-defined topic-specific structural data representations of ads. Based on a corpus of car and apartment ad-postings from Craigslist, the unsupervised algorithm reported an accuracy of 67.74% and 68.74% for car and apartment ads respectively. The supervised algorithm demonstrated an improved performance with accuracies of 74.07% and 72.59% respectively.
Movie popularity classification based on inherent movie attributes using C4.5, PART and correlation coefficient

Abundance of movie data across the internet makes it an obvious candidate for machine learning and knowledge discovery. But most researches are directed towards bi-polar classification of movie or generation of a movie recommendation system based on reviews given by viewers on various internet sites. Classification of movie popularity based solely on attributes of a movie i.e. actor, actress, director rating, language, country and budget etc. has been less highlighted due to large number of attributes that are associated with each movie and their differences in dimensions. In this paper, we propose classification scheme of pre-release movie popularity based on inherent attributes using C4.5 and PART classifier algorithm and define the relation between attributes of post release movies using correlation coefficient.
Robot assembly system for LCD TV using cooperative force control

At present, the assembly of flat panel displays and other appliances still depends greatly on manual work. Under these circumstances, in preparation for labor shortages in the future and for the improvement of cost competitiveness, the need for automation of assembly processes is increasing more and more obviously. Issues in the assembly of appliances include the grasping and handling of materials that have low machining accuracy and the teaching work related to assembly in a process. To respond to these problems, we have developed a robot assembly system equipped with a cooperative force control function that uses input from force sensors to operate two SCARA type robots in a cooperative mode. This paper describes the hardware and cooperative force control of the system that we developed. It also reports the verification of the performance in the assembly of actual television set component parts using the developed robot system.
Naming , Migration , and Replication in NFSv 4

The NFSv4 protocol includes features intended to enhance its use in global, wide-area networks. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a prototype for global name space, transparent migration and fine-grained replication that uses and extends these features. In our system, directory migration and replication use the FS_LOCATIONS attribute to redirect I/O requests. For read/write replication, server redirection provides concurrency and consistency during replica updates. Strict consistency is guaranteed when the system is free of failures. In case of network partition or server failure, we offer the option of increasing availability while relaxing consistency by supporting ordered writes instead of strict consistency. The result is a system built on the Internet standard for distributed filing that features good performance and scalability, high availability, and fine-grained consistency.
Superfast superresolution

We propose a fast algorithm for solving the inverse problem of resolution enhancement (superresolution). Robustness is achieved by a non-linear regularizer and a method based on variable splitting is used to obtain an equivalent linear formulation. Special attention is paid to fast implementation using the Fourier transform. In particular, we show that a degradation operator (downsampling) can be implemented in the frequency domain and that all computations can be performed very efficiently without losing robustness. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt towards a very fast SR algorithm, which retains favorable edge-preserving properties of non-linear regularizers.
Accelerating Pattern Matching Using a Novel Parallel Algorithm on GPUs

Graphics processing units (GPUs) have attracted a lot of attention due to their cost-effective and enormous power for massive data parallel computing. In this paper, we propose a novel parallel algorithm for exact pattern matching on GPUs. A traditional exact pattern matching algorithm matches multiple patterns simultaneously by traversing a special state machine called an Aho-Corasick machine. Considering the particular parallel architecture of GPUs, in this paper, we first propose an efficient state machine on which we perform very efficient parallel algorithms. Also, several techniques are introduced to do optimization on GPUs, including reducing global memory transactions of input buffer, reducing latency of transition table lookup, eliminating output table accesses, avoiding bank-conflict of shared memory, coalescing writes to global memory, and enhancing data transmission via peripheral component interconnect express. We evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm using attack patterns from Snort V2.8 and input streams from DEFCON. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performed on NVIDIA GPUs achieves up to 143.16-Gbps throughput, 14.74 times faster than the Aho-Corasick algorithm implemented on a 3.06-GHz quad-core CPU with the OpenMP. The library of the proposed algorithm is publically accessible through Google Code.