Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Localization Algorithms

New technology offers new opportunities, but it also introduces new problems. This is particularly true for sensor networks where the capabilities of individual nodes are very limited. Hence, collaboration between nodes is required, but energy conservation is a major concern, which implies that communication should be minimized. These conflicting objectives require unorthodox solutions for many situations. A recent survey by Akyildiz et al. discusses a long list of open research issues that must be addressed before sensor networks can become widely deployed [1]. The problems range from the physical layer (low-power sensing, processing, and communication hardware) all the way up to the application layer (query and data dissemination protocols). In this chapter we address the issue of localization in ad-hoc sensor networks. That is, we want to determine the location of individual sensor nodes without relying on external infrastructure (base stations, satellites, etc.). The localization problem has received considerable attention in the past, as many applications need to know where objects or persons are, and hence various location services have been created. Undoubtedly, the Global Positioning System (GPS) is the most well-known location service in use today. The approach taken by GPS, however, is unsuitable for low-cost, ad-hoc sensor networks since GPS is based on extensive infrastructure (i.e. satellites). Likewise solutions developed in the area of robotics [2, 13, 20] and ubiquitous computing [10] are generally not applicable for sensor networks as they require too much processing power and energy. Recently a number of localization systems have been proposed specifically for sensor networks [4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 14, 16, 17, 19]. We are interested in truly distributed algorithms that can be employed on large-scale ad-hoc sensor networks (100+ nodes). Such algorithms should be:
Listening to Religious Music and Mental Health in Later Life.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Research has linked several aspects of religion--including service attendance, prayer, meditation, religious coping strategies, congregational support systems, and relations with God, among others--with positive mental health outcomes among older U.S. adults. This study examines a neglected dimension of religious life: listening to religious music. DESIGN AND METHODS Two waves of nationally representative data on older U.S. adults were analyzed (n = 1,024). RESULTS Findings suggest that the frequency of listening to religious music is associated with a decrease in death anxiety and increases in life satisfaction, self-esteem, and a sense of control across the 2 waves of data. In addition, the frequency of listening to gospel music (a specific type of religious music) is associated with a decrease in death anxiety and an increase in a sense of control. These associations are similar for blacks and whites, women and men, and low- and high-socioeconomic status individuals. IMPLICATIONS Religion is an important socioemotional resource that has been linked with desirable mental health outcomes among older U.S. adults. This study shows that listening to religious music may promote psychological well-being in later life. Given that religious music is available to most individuals--even those with health problems or physical limitations that might preclude participation in more formal aspects of religious life--it might be a valuable resource for promoting mental health later in the life course.
Performance Optimization of Clustal W : Parallel Clustal W , HT Clustal , and MULTICLUSTAL

Multiple sequence alignments represent a class of powerful bioinformatics tools with many uses in computational biology. Knowledge of multiple alignments (MA) helps to predict secondary and tertiary structures and to detect homologies between newly sequenced genes and existing gene (protein) families. With the adoption of high-throughput (HT) automation, offering scientists significantly more data with which to make better decisions, it is increasingly important to run MA calculations as quickly as possible to allow real-time decision making in the lab. The popular MA application Clustal W (1) provides a very good example of how the resources of multiprocessor shared memory computers can be utilized more efficiently. This paper first outlines the efforts undertaken by SGI to parallelize the Clustal W application. The parallel version shows speedups of up to 10x when running Clustal W on 16 CPUs and significantly reduces the time required for data analysis. Second, the development of a high-throughput version of Clustal W called HT Clustal and the different methods of scheduling multiple MA jobs in HT Clustal are discussed. Third, improvements in the recently introduced MULTICLUSTAL algorithm (2) and its efficient use of Parallel Clustal W are reviewed.
Outcomes among neonates, infants, and children after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for refractory inhospital pediatric cardiac arrest: A report from the National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*

Objectives: Describe the use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation as rescue therapy in pediatric patients who experience cardiopulmonary arrest refractory to conventional resuscitation. We report on outcomes and factors associated with survival in children treated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation during cardiopulmonary arrest from the American Heart Association National Registry of CardioPulmonary Resuscitation. Design: Multicentered, national registry of in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Setting: Two hundred eighty-five hospitals reporting to the registry from January 2000 to December 2007. Patients: Pediatric patients <18 yrs of age who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation for in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest. Interventions: None. Measurements and Outcomes: Prearrest and arrest variables were collected. The primary outcome variable was survival to hospital discharge. The secondary outcome was neurologic status after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation at hospital discharge. Favorable neurologic outcome was defined as Pediatric Cerebral Performance Categories 1, 2, 3, or no change from admission Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category. Results: Of 6288 pediatric cardiopulmonary arrest events reported, 199 (3.2%) index extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation events were identified; 87 (43.7%) survived to hospital discharge. Fifty-nine survivors had Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category outcomes recorded, and of those, 56 (94.9%) had favorable outcomes. In a multivariable model, the prearrest factor of renal insufficiency and arrest factors of metabolic or electrolyte abnormality and the pharmacologic intervention of sodium bicarbonate/tromethamine were associated with decreased survival. After adjusting for confounding factors, cardiac illness category was associated with an increased survival to hospital discharge. Conclusions: Forty-four percent of pediatric patients who failed conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation from in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest and who were reported to the National Registry of CardioPulmonary Resuscitation database as treated with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived to hospital discharge. The majority of survivors with recorded neurologic outcomes were favorable. Patients with cardiac illness category were more likely to survive to hospital discharge after treatment with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be considered for select pediatric patients refractory to conventional in-hospital resuscitation measures.
IslamGRID: Knowledge management at JAKIM

IslamGRID was developed to collect, preserve, disseminate and promote knowledge of Islam to all Muslims globally, whether in the administrative, industrial and commercial. With the advent of Information Technology and the increase of the amount of information that organizations have to deal with, there is a requirement to put strategic process in place to ensure the effective management of knowledge. This case study research looks into 3 main areas of a Knowledge Management (KM) System (KMS) (i. People; ii. Process; and iii. Technology) and their relationship, which might affect the effectiveness of the IslamGRID to the Islamic community (Ummah). The application of these areas would be for JAKIM, JAIN, Muslims as well as non-Muslims.
Relationship between Critical Thinking Levels and Attitudes towards Reading Habits among Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers.

The purpose of the present research is to define the critical thinking levels and reading habits of students studying at the department of physical education and sports teaching and analysing the relationship between these. The participants of the present research are 136 pre-service physical education teachers studying at Mugla Sitki Kocman University Faculty of Sport Sciences and Marmara University School of Physical Education and Sports in 2015-2016 Academic Year Fall Semester. The relations between variables were tested with correlation analysis at 0.01 significance level, and the differences were tested with Mann-Whitney U at 0.05 significance level. Two scales were utilized in order to define pre-service physical education and sport teachers’ critical thinking and reading habit levels. These scales are; California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and Scale for Attitudes towards Book Reading Habits. According to the findings obtained in the present research, pre-service physical education and sport teachers’ both critical thinking and book reading habits are at medium level. There is a positive and significant correlation between pre-service physical education teachers’ critical thinking levels and book reading habits. As book reading habits of pre-service teachers increase their critical thinking levels increase accordingly.
Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of CPAP in obese males with OSA

Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with increased blood pressure and other features of the metabolic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in modifying these outcomes. A randomised placebo-controlled blinded crossover trial comparing cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes after 6 weeks of therapeutic and sham CPAP was performed in 34 CPAP-naïve patients (mean±sd body mass and respiratory disturbance indices were 36.1±7.6 and 39.7±13.8, respectively). Mean waking systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell by 6.7 and 4.9 mmHg, respectively, when compared with sham CPAP. No change was observed in glucose, lipids, insulin resistance or the proportion of patients with metabolic syndrome. In CPAP-compliant patients the fall in blood pressure was greater and the baroreceptor sensitivity improved significantly but no metabolic variable changed. In obese Caucasians with untreated obstructive sleep apnoea, continuous positive airways pressure can improve baroreceptor responsiveness and reduce waking blood pressure within 6 weeks, but this treatment period was insufficient to modify insulin resistance or change the metabolic profile. The mechanisms underlying this difference in the time course of blood pressure and metabolic response to continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnoea requires further exploration.
Generating “A for Alpha” When There Are Thousands of Characters

A BSTRACT The phonetic alphabet enables people to dictate letters of the alphabet accurately by using representative words, i.e., A for Alpha. Japanese kanji (idiographic Chinese characters) vastly outnumber the letters of the Roman alphabet, and thus Japanese requires an explanatory reading like a phonetic alphabet. We call the explanatory reading of a kanji a “distinctive explanation. ” Most kanji characters have their homophones, and the role of the distinctive explanations is to enable users to identify a speciﬁc kanji character only by listening to the explanation. In this paper, we propose a corpus-based method for automatically generating distinctive explanations for a kanji, in which information about familiarity and homophones of kanji are taken into consideration. Through the kanji-identiﬁcation experiments, we show that the quality of the explanations generated by the proposed method is higher than that of the manually crafted distinctive explanations.
Time for actions in lucid dreams: effects of task modality, length, and complexity

The relationship between time in dreams and real time has intrigued scientists for centuries. The question if actions in dreams take the same time as in wakefulness can be tested by using lucid dreams where the dreamer is able to mark time intervals with prearranged eye movements that can be objectively identified in EOG recordings. Previous research showed an equivalence of time for counting in lucid dreams and in wakefulness (LaBerge, 1985; Erlacher and Schredl, 2004), but Erlacher and Schredl (2004) found that performing squats required about 40% more time in lucid dreams than in the waking state. To find out if the task modality, the task length, or the task complexity results in prolonged times in lucid dreams, an experiment with three different conditions was conducted. In the first condition, five proficient lucid dreamers spent one to three non-consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. Participants counted to 10, 20, and 30 in wakefulness and in their lucid dreams. Lucidity and task intervals were time stamped with left-right-left-right eye movements. The same procedure was used for the second condition where eight lucid dreamers had to walk 10, 20, or 30 steps. In the third condition, eight lucid dreamers performed a gymnastics routine, which in the waking state lasted the same time as walking 10 steps. Again, we found that performing a motor task in a lucid dream requires more time than in wakefulness. Longer durations in the dream state were present for all three tasks, but significant differences were found only for the tasks with motor activity (walking and gymnastics). However, no difference was found for relative times (no disproportional time effects) and a more complex motor task did not result in more prolonged times. Longer durations in lucid dreams might be related to the lack of muscular feedback or slower neural processing during REM sleep. Future studies should explore factors that might be associated with prolonged durations.
Automatic Multiple Object Detection and Tracking System in Real-Time Video Sequences for Moving Objects

Object detection is challenging task in computer vision. Single object detection can be achieved by different techniques. When multiple objects appear in the videos, detection and tracking of these objects further increases the complexity of the algorithm. In this project we propose the well-known Kalman filter technique for tracking and detection of multiple objects. Kalman filter is used for detection of moving object in many applications like video surveillance and security systems, law enforcement, biometrics, human-computer interaction, video indexing and retrieval, medical imaging, augmented reality and robotics. It has got less complexity as compared to other logics used for the object detection. Application of this algorithm for multiple object detection is challenging task. In our project we will develop the modification for general Kalman algorithm and apply it for multiple object detection. Testing will be carried out on traffic videos available on different sites. Performance evaluation and reliability will be calculated based on precision and recall.
A First-Order Decomposition Algorithm for Training Bound-Constrained Support Vector Machines

We present a new decomposition algorithm for training bound-constrained Support Vector Machines in this paper. When selecting indices into the working set, only first order derivative information of the objective function in the optimization model is required. Therefore, the resulting working set selection strategy is simple and can be implemented easily. The new algorithm is proved to be global convergent in theory. New algorithm is compared with the state-of-art package BSVM. Numerical experiments on several public data sets also validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
Introducing SeaOS

SeaOS is a simple operating system developed for fast prototyping of research concepts. SeaOS implements a POSIX-like interface in less than 30,000 lines of C kernel code. Its userspace is complete enough to be self-hosting and includes ports of gcc, bash, grub, binutils, and coreutils. SeaOS runs on modern x86 and x86_64 architectures and is designed to support our lab's operating system research in scheduling, virtualization and security architectures.
The chills as a psychological construct: content universe, factor structure, affective composition, elicitors, trait antecedents, and consequences.

We examined the content universe, factor structure, affective composition, elicitors, trait antecedents, and consequences of "the chills. " In Study 1, participants described what it means to get the chills. A second sample sorted all references to physical sensations based on similarity. Cluster analysis identified 4 lower order clusters (goosebumps, tingling, coldness, shivers) and 2 higher order clusters ("goosetingles," "coldshivers"). In Study 2, factor analysis of questionnaire data supported a model with lower and higher order factors that corresponded to the Study 1 clusters. Goosetingles and coldshivers were predicted by approach-related traits (e.g., extraversion) and avoidance-related traits (e.g., neuroticism), respectively. In Study 3, analysis of narrative data replicated the goosetingles-coldshivers structure. Relative to coldshivers, goosetingles involved greater awe, surprise, and enjoyment and less disgust, fear, and sadness. In Study 4, analysis of diary data extended the goosetingles-coldshivers structure to between- and within-person levels of analysis. Goosetingles involved positive affects and was elicited by approach-related stimuli, whereas coldshivers involved negative affects and was elicited by avoidance-related stimuli. In Study 5, manipulation of exposure to self-actualization and self-annihilation elicited goosetingles and coldshivers, respectively. Goosetingles and coldshivers had positive and negative effects, respectively, on interpersonal closeness. In sum, diverse forms of evidence converge to indicate that the chills encompasses distinct approach- and avoidance-related constructs. Failure to distinguish these constructs explains null and inconsistent findings in the nascent literature. Goosetingles and coldshivers are posited to serve the function of signaling that an event in the environment is pertinent to one's most deep-seated hopes or fears.
Nexus between Human Values and Overall Satisfaction with the Urban Environment. A Non-Lineal Partial Least Square Path Modeling. Argentine Cities Case

In this paper, we examine the relationship between Human Values and the Urban Environment, and how values are behaviorally instantiated in different environments, through Non-Linear Structural Equation Model based on Partial Least Square. Beginning with a unified framework of the study of values, we analyze its organization, antecedents, covariates and presumed consequences that emerge from the data. Schwartz Model is used because it has a coherent and flexible structure with the measure instrument that has been evolved. Ten categories of Human Values and two dimensions are used to evaluate the Urban Environment. We will prove that the Human Value Conservation, through the dimensions: Conformity, Security and Tradition depends on the perceptions of the Urban Environment, specifically on the dimension Consumption/Esthetic and Social Cohesion. We postulate tentatively that the Human Value Self-Enhancement, through the subdimensions Achievement and Power, it is a variable, which in short and long time, impacts on the Perception of the Urban Environment, specifically on the Perception of the System of Generation and Distribution of Habitat Resource.
Minimum partition of a matroid into independent subsets

A matroid M is a finite se t M of e le me nts with a famil y of subsets, called independent, such th a t (I) every subset of an independe nt se t is independent, and (2) for e ve ry subset A of M , all maximal indepe nde nt s ubsets of A have the sa me cardinality , called the rank r\A) of A. It is proved that a matroid can be partitioned into as few as k sets , each inde pende nt , if and only if every s ubse t A has cardinality at mos t k . r(A ).
RDF-based knowledge models for network management

SMIng (next generation structure of management information), an information model for network management, is a prospective structure of management information. When deploying the multi-agent systems to network management environments, we have established a lightweight self-contained knowledge model based on RDF (resource description framework) and its extensions. We also present an implementation prototype to support agent communication and coordination by RDF-based languages.
Query Representation through Lexical Association for Information Retrieval

A user query for information retrieval (IR) applications may not contain the most appropriate terms (words) as actually intended by the user. This is usually referred to as the term mismatch problem and is a crucial research issue in IR. Using the notion of relevance, we provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis of a parametric query vector, which is assumed to represent the information needs of the user. A lexical association function has been derived analytically using the system relevance criteria. The derivation is further justified using an empirical evidence from the user relevance criteria. Such analytical derivation as presented in this paper provides a proper mathematical framework to the query expansion techniques, which have largely been heuristic in the existing literature. By using the generalized retrieval framework, the proposed query representation model is equally applicable to the vector space model (VSM), Okapi best matching 25 (Okapi BM25), and Language Model (LM). Experiments over various data sets from TREC show that the proposed query representation gives statistically significant improvements over the baseline Okapi BM25 and LM as well as other well-known global query expansion techniques. Empirical results along with the theoretical foundations of the query representation confirm that the proposed model extends the state of the art in global query expansion.