Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Status of Vietnamese Female Marriage Immigrants to Korea in Relation to Length of Residence in Korea

Aims: It was the aim of this study to assess the nutritional status of Vietnamese immigrants to Korea through marriage and to examine the association between their nutritional status and their length of residence in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study was performed with Vietnamese immigrant wives to Korea (n = 890). Results: The mean age and length of residence in Korea were 23.5 and 2.0 years, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were 20.9 and 0.82, respectively. Prevalence of underweight (BMI <18.5), overweight (BMI ≥25) and central obesity (WHR >0.85) were 18.3, 7.5 and 26.2%, respectively. As the length of residence in Korea increased, the prevalence of obesity and central obesity increased and the prevalence of underweight decreased. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was <10%. Daily food and daily nutrient intake, which was estimated by 1-day 24-hour recall, did not differ according to the length of residence in Korea. Conclusions: BMI, WHR and blood profiles of most subjects were in the normal ranges. As the length of residence in Korea increased, the prevalence of obesity increased. The usual intake of the subjects needs to be estimated by other dietary assessment methods.
Male sperm motility dictated by mother's mtDNA.

We are grateful to Dr. Paul Turek, Dr. Eugene Xu, and Joyce Tung for their helpful comments and support. F.A.M. is supported by a Ford Foundation predoctoral fellowship. R.A. R. -P. is supported by the Searle Scholarship Foundation and grants from the National Institutes of Health.
BET Inhibition Attenuates Helicobacter pylori–Induced Inflammatory Response by Suppressing Inflammatory Gene Transcription and Enhancer Activation

Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulceration. H. pylori–initiated chronic gastritis is characterized by enhanced expression of many NF-κB–regulated inflammatory cytokines. Brd4 has emerged as an important NF-κB regulator and regulates the expression of many NF-κB–dependent inflammatory genes. In this study, we demonstrated that Brd4 was not only actively involved in H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene mRNA transcription but also H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene enhancer RNA (eRNA) synthesis. Suppression of H. pylori–induced eRNA synthesis impaired H. pylori–induced mRNA synthesis. Furthermore, H. pylori stimulated NF-κB–dependent recruitment of Brd4 to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes to facilitate the RNA polymerase II–mediated eRNA and mRNA synthesis. Inhibition of Brd4 by JQ1 attenuated H. pylori–induced eRNA and mRNA synthesis for a subset of NF-κB–dependent inflammatory genes. JQ1 also inhibited H. pylori–induced interaction between Brd4 and RelA and the recruitment of Brd4 and RNA polymerase II to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes. Finally, we demonstrated that JQ1 suppressed inflammatory gene expression, inflammation, and cell proliferation in H. pylori–infected mice. These studies highlight the importance of Brd4 in H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene expression and suggest that Brd4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of H. pylori–triggered inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Co-invasion by Pinus and its mycorrhizal fungi.

SUMMARY *The absence of co-evolved mutualists of plants invading a novel habitat is the logical corollary of the more widely recognized 'enemy escape'. To avoid or overcome the loss of mutualists, plants may co-invade with nonnative mutualists, form novel associations with native mutualists or form associations with native cosmopolitan mutualists, which are native but not novel to the invading plant. *We tested these hypotheses by contrasting the ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with invasive Pinus contorta in New Zealand with co-occurring endemic Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides. *Fungal communities on Pinus were species poor (14 ectomycorrhizal species) and dominated by nonnative (93%) and cosmopolitan fungi (7%). Nothofagus had a species-rich (98 species) fungal community dominated by native Cortinarius and two cosmopolitan fungi. *These results support co-invasion by mutualists rather than novel associations as an important mechanism by which plants avoid or overcome the loss of mutualists, consistent with invasional meltdown.
Genetic modification of tomato with the tobacco lycopene β-cyclase gene produces high β-carotene and lycopene fruit

Abstract Transgenic Solanum lycopersicum plants expressing an additional copy of the lycopene β-cyclase gene (LCYB) from Nicotiana tabacum, under the control of the Arabidopsis polyubiquitin promoter (UBQ3), have been generated. Expression of LCYB was increased some 10-fold in ripening fruit compared to vegetative tissues. The ripe fruit showed an orange pigmentation, due to increased levels (up to 5-fold) of β-carotene, with negligible changes to other carotenoids, including lycopene. Phenotypic changes in carotenoids were found in vegetative tissues, but levels of biosynthetically related isoprenoids such as tocopherols, ubiquinone and plastoquinone were barely altered. Transformants showed tolerance to the bleaching herbicide β-cyclase inhibitor, 2-(4-chlorophenylthio) triethylamine. The phenotype was inherited for at least three generations.
Modeling of Via Resistance for Advanced Technology Nodes

We investigate the dependence of Cu via resistance on via dimensions, shape, misalignment, and Co via prefill level by means of a novel resistivity model, calibrated to actual wires on silicon and integrated into the Synopsys Raphael tool. For this paper, we consider the case of 16 and 12nm self-aligned vias, which are representative for the 7 and 5nm logic technology nodes, respectively. Process emulations are performed by using the Synopsys Sentaurus Process Explorer tool in order to generate 3-D models of the investigated via structures. Finally, via resistance is extracted through current simulations in Raphael, that is, by taking into account the actual conductive path from the wires into the via. We predict that via resistance could increase by more than a factor of 2 from node to node. We show that chamfered vias can exhibit up to 56% less resistance than standard (87° tapered) vias because of the larger cross section at the via top. For the same reason, via resistance sensitivity to via width variations along the direction of the connecting (i.e. upper) wire is smaller for chamfered vias. As far as via misalignment to the connected (i.e. lower) wire is concerned, we demonstrate that in the range of interest, the induced resistance increase is not severe (e.g. 20% or lower), and in particular, via resistance is not inversely proportional to the contact area between the via and the connected wire. If side contact to the connected wire is enabled upon misalignment, the via resistance increase is further reduced. If vias are fully self-aligned, that is, self-aligned to both connecting and connected wires, the impact of misalignment can be neutralized in a certain range by properly oversizing the via mask in the direction along the connecting wire. Finally, we show that Co via prefill can enable a substantial reduction (up to 45%) of via resistance for chamfered vias, where the bottom barrier surface can be significantly increased when raised to the via top by means of the prefill step.
New generation, psychological empowerment: Can empowerment lead to career competencies and career satisfaction?

Purpose This study aims to explore the influence of psychological empowerment on the career competencies of Generation Y employees and the relationship between empowerment and career satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Generation Y working in the hospitality industry comprised the target population of this study. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed, and 458 valid questionnaires were obtained. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and to test the causal relationships among the constructs. Findings Psychological empowerment was positively related to career competencies and career satisfaction. Moreover, the four dimensions of psychological empowerment, namely, impact, competence, self-determination and meaning, also contributed positively to the career competencies and satisfaction of Generation Y. Findings indicated that empowerment was an important predictor of career management among young employees. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is the use of convenience sampling method, with participants selected according to their accessibility. Future studies should collect a reasonably broad sample by using probability sampling methods. Practical implications The findings of this study provided useful guidance to manage and empower Generation Y employees. First, the importance of psychological empowerment to enhance the career competencies and satisfaction of young employees was proved. Second, this study provided detailed information on how to empower Generation Y employees. Third, this study may help to retain qualified employees by empowering and supporting their career development. Social implications This study highlighted the importance of empowerment in managing Generation Y employees. Once Generation Y employees are trusted and empowered, they tend to perform well in both their job and career. Findings indicated that the four factors of psychological empowerment had different contributions to careers of the employees. Results suggest that managers should attempt to assign challenging and meaningful tasks to young employees and to increase their responsibility and impact in the organization. To attract and retain qualified young employees, career competences should be enhanced to achieve a level of career satisfaction. Originality/value This study presented new findings on Generation Y and the outcomes of psychological empowerment. Initial evidence on the contribution of empowerment to the career issues of the new generation was proved. The findings outlined detailed information on psychological empowerment by exploring the function of its four factors. The results may serve as a foundation for future research on empowerment and career issues of Generation Y.
Chimeric rodents with humanized liver: bridging the preclinical/clinical trial gap in ADME/toxicity studies

Abstract 1. Immunocompromised mice with humanized livers were developed in the mid-1990s to allow the study of human hepatotropic viruses, which normally replicate only in higher primates. The production of the uPA/SCID mouse was the vanguard of these models and remains the most widely worked upon model for an ever increasing range of applications. 2. Since toxicology is conducted in laboratory animal species with the implicit intent of predicting the outcome of accidental, or intentional, human exposure, the potential for using an in vivo model with a humanised metabolism opens up the possibility of better predicting the human response following exposure to drugs and industrial chemicals. Chimeric humanised mice provide the tool for bridging between the non-clinical laboratory safety and metabolism studies, carried out in rodent and non-rodent species, and the first in man clinical trials. 3. Chimeric mice carrying a human liver have now been validated against a wide range of different drugs and chemical classes, and have been shown to clearly differentiate metabolically from the recipient mouse, and to show metabolic pathways more similar to those expected from human liver. 4. This review critically appraises the available animal models carrying human livers and where future developments would improve the existing systems.
Exchange Rate Pass through and Pricing to the Market at Individual Product Level: Evidence from India

This paper investigates the degree of responsiveness of exchange rate with respect to prices of top 10 imported commodities. To test the hypothesis, we use monthly and quarterly dataset for the period from 2002 to 2014 and for four countries namely, US, UK, India and China. We use Autoregressive Distributive Lag model (ARDL) to measure the degree of responsiveness. We find the results both in long run and short run, and the corresponding degrees of responsiveness of commodities. We measure the degree of responsiveness of commodity prices into the import index and found that Non-ferrous metal shows a high degree of responsiveness followed by metalic tools, metals etc. whereas, organic chemical, machinery electrical, plastic etc. shows a negative sign. In long run, almost every commodity shows a high degree of responsiveness in comparison with short run results. The paper also attempts to recommend some policy implications based on the literature.
Growth and Plating Efficiency of Methanococci on Agar Media

Plating techniques for cultivation of methanogenic bacteria have been optimized for two members of the genus Methanococcus. Methanococcus maripaludis and Methanococcus voltae were cultivated on aerobically and anaerobically prepared agar media. Maintenance of O2 levels below 5 μl/liter within an anaerobic glove box was necessary during plating and incubation for 90% recovery of plated cells. Under an atmosphere of H2, CO2, and H2S (79:20:1), 2 to 3 days of incubation at 37°C were sufficient for the formation of visible colonies. The viability of plated cells was significantly affected by the growth phase of the culture, H2S concentration, and the volume of medium per plate. In addition, colony size of methanococci was affected by agar type, as well as by the concentrations of agar, H2S, and bicarbonate.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Recombinant enzyme therapy for Fabry disease : absence of editing of human alpha-galactosidase A mRNA

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The Effect of Migration on Terror - Made at Home or Imported from Abroad?

We investigate whether the stock of foreigners residing in a country leads to a larger number of terrorist attacks on that country. Our instrument for the stock of foreigners relies on the interaction of two sets of variables. Variation across host-origin-dyads results from structural characteristics between the country of origin and the host, while variation over time makes use of changes in push and pull factors between host and origin countries resulting from natural disasters. Controlling for the levels of these variables themselves and fixed effects for dyads and years, the interaction provides a powerful and excludable instrument. Using data for 20 OECD host countries and 187 countries of origin over the 1980-2010 period we show that the probability of a terrorist attack increases with a larger number of foreigners living in a country. However, this scale effect is not larger than the effect domestic populations have on domestic terror. We find some evidence that terror is systematically imported from countries with large Muslim populations. A larger number of attacks against foreigners in the host country increases the risk of terror from foreigners there. We find that host country policies relating to integration and the rights of foreigners are key to fight terror- stricter policies that exclude foreigners already living in a country increase the risk of terror. High-skilled migrants are associated with a significantly lower risk of terror compared to low-skilled ones, while there is no significant difference between male and female migrants.
The Effect of Access and Satisfaction on Regular Mammogram and Papanicolaou Test Screening in a Multiethnic Population

Background:Access and satisfaction are determinants of preventive service use, but few studies have evaluated their role in breast and cervical cancer screening in multiethnic populations. Objectives:We sought to investigate the relationship between race/ethnicity, access, satisfaction, and regular mammogram and Papanicolaou test receipt in 5 racial/ethnic groups. Research Design:We conducted a telephone survey in 4 languages. Subjects:Our subjects were black, Chinese, Filipino, Latino, or white women aged 40 to 74 residing in Alameda County, California. Measures:Outcome: regular mammograms (last test within 15 months and another within 2 years prior) and Papanicolaou tests (36 months and 3 years, respectively). Independent: race/ethnicity, sociodemographic variables, access (health insurance, usual site of care, regular doctor, check-up within 12 months, knowing where to go, copayment for tests), and satisfaction (overall satisfaction scale, waiting times, test-related pain and embarrassment, test satisfaction). Results:Among women who had ever had a mammogram or Papanicolaou test, 54% and 77%, respectively, received regular screening. In multivariate analyses, regular mammography was positively associated with increased age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05 per year), private insurance (OR 1.7), check-up in the past year (OR 2.3), knowing where to go for mammography (OR 3.0), and greater satisfaction with processes of care (OR 1.04 per unit), and negatively with not knowing copayment amount (OR 0.4), too many forms to fill out (OR 0.5), embarrassment at the last mammogram (OR 0.6), and Filipino race/ethnicity. Similar results were found for regular Papanicolaou tests. Conclusions:Access and satisfaction are important predictors of screening but do little to explain racial/ethnic variation. Tailored interventions to improve regular mammography and Papanicolaou test screening in multiethnic populations are needed.
Subnational institutional environment, scale competition and MNEs’ ownership levels in transition economy: evidence from China

Abstract This paper shows that the effect of market scale competition on the ownership levels of foreign-funded enterprises is conditioned on sub-national institutional environment in China. Analysis is based on the idea that multinational enterprises subject to the dual pressures of institutional isomorphism and competition in the host country. The provincial panel data from 2001 to 2012 is used for empirical tests. This study indicates that the weaker the legal property rights protection and legal enforcement of contracts, and the higher the opening up, the more the large foreign-funded enterprises decrease their ownership levels, whereas the negative moderating effect incurred by the reduction to government intervention in business is limited significant.
Components of primary care interventions to treat childhood overweight and obesity: a systematic review of effect

The primary care setting presents an opportunity for intervention of overweight and obese children but is in need of a feasible model‐of‐care with demonstrated effectiveness. The aims were to (i) identify controlled interventions that treated childhood overweight or obesity in either a primary care setting or with the involvement of a primary healthcare professional and (ii) examine components of those interventions associated with effective outcomes in order to inform future intervention trials in primary care settings. Major health and medicine databases were searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Reviews, CENTRAL, DARE, PsychINFO and ERIC. Articles were excluded if they described primary prevention interventions, involved surgical or pharmacological treatment, were published before 1990 or not published in English. Twenty‐two papers describing 17 studies were included. Twelve studies reported at least one significant intervention effect. Comparison of these 12 interventions provides evidence for: training for health professionals before intervention delivery; behaviour change options (including healthy diet, activity and sedentary behaviour); effecting behaviour change via a combination of counselling, education, written resources, support and motivation; and tailoring intensity according to whether behavioural, anthropometric or metabolic changes are the priority. These components are practicable to future intervention studies in primary care.
The Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Resistance in Athletes With and Without Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder.

PURPOSE An investigational, portable instrument was used to assess inspiratory (R(i)) and expiratory (R(e)) resistances during resting tidal breathing (RTB), postexercise breathing (PEB), and recovery breathing (RB) in athletes with and without paradoxical vocal fold motion disorder (PVFMD). METHOD Prospective, controlled, repeated measures within-subject and between-groups design. Twenty-four teenage female athletes, 12 with and 12 without PVFMD, breathed into the Airflow Perturbation Device for baseline measures of respiratory resistance and for two successive 1-min trials after treadmill running for up to 12 min. Exercise duration and dyspnea ratings were collected and compared across groups. RESULTS Athletes with PVFMD had lower than control R(i) and R(e) values during RTB that significantly increased at PEB and decreased during RB. Control athletes' R(e) decreased significantly from RTB to PEB but not from PEB to RB, whereas R(i) did not change from RTB to PEB but decreased from PEB to RB. Athletes without PVFMD ran longer, providing lower dyspnea ratings. CONCLUSION Immediately following exercise, athletes with PVFMD experienced increased respiratory resistance that affected their exercise performance. The difference in resting respiratory resistances between groups is intriguing and could point to anatomical differences or neural adaptation in teenagers with PVFMD. The Airflow Perturbation Device appears to be a clinically feasible tool that can provide insight into PVFMD and objective data for tracking treatment progress.
Intelligent Viaduct Recognition and Driving Altitude Determination Using GPS Data

The rapid development of road networks in highly urbanized cities requires a substantial number of viaducts to reduce the increasing traffic burden on urban highways. Unfortunately, this road design deteriorates the performance of global positioning system (GPS) navigators due to the signal blockage between satellite and receiver. As a result, it is difficult for GPS navigators to determine whether the vehicle is driving on the street or viaduct. Misleading information could confuse drivers and lead them to drive irregularly, which is dangerous in heavy traffic. This paper proposes a novel classification algorithm based on the fact that different satellite signals and conditions can be observed in the on-street and on-viaduct cases by the implementation of dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) to distinguish the driving area of a vehicle. In addition, the proposed DBN can also accurately estimate the driving altitude of the vehicle according to the experiment results.