Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preservice English teachers’ perceptions of English as an international language in Indonesia and Korea

ABSTRACT Preservice English teachers’ perceptions about English as an international language (EIL) have not been adequately examined in different cross-cultural contexts. To fill that void, a total of 590 preservice English teachers from Indonesia (n = 344) and South Korea (n = 246) completed an EIL perception questionnaire. Subsequently, an independent samples t-test was conducted to examine differences between Indonesian and Korean preservice teachers with regard to their EIL perceptions. Three major findings were identified: first, Indonesian preservice teachers reported a higher level of perceived capacity to employ effective cross-cultural communicative strategies in comparison to their Korean counterparts. Second, although Korean preservice teachers acknowledged the existence of non-native varieties of English, they seemed hesitant to include non-native English accents in ELT listening materials. Intriguingly, the same phenomenon was not observed with the Indonesian group. Third, Indonesian preservice teachers were perceived to have a higher degree of ownership over their own English accents in contrast to the Korean group. These results are discussed with consideration of geographic, sociocultural and educational contexts of both countries that might have influenced shaping preservice English teachers’ language perceptions. Lastly, three pedagogical suggestions (i.e. Exposure and Critical Reflection, EIL Pedagogy Implementation, and Reality Check) will be offered.
Generalized maximum-flow solution based on CNN circuit analysis

In our previous research, the Maximum-Flow Neural Network (MF-NN) was proposed, and we showed that the MF-NN is possible to solve any maximum-flow problems. However, the MF-NN has problems of convergence of sigmoidal function. In this research, we propose novel MF-NN using piecewise linear function for improving those problems. Moreover, this novel method is possible to considerably reduce a calculation cost.
Risk factors for relapse in patients with bullous pemphigoid in clinical remission: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.

OBJECTIVE To identify prognostic factors for relapse in the first year after cessation of therapy in bullous pemphigoid (BP). DESIGN Prospective, multicenter, cohort study (January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2006). SETTING Fifteen French dermatology departments. Patients Patients with BP in remission under low doses of topical or systemic corticosteroids. Interventions Cessation of corticosteroid treatment (day 0) followed by a systematic clinical and immunologic follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The end point was clinical relapse within the first year after cessation of therapy. Associations of clinical, biological, and immunologic (including direct immunofluorescence, serum anti-basement membrane zone autoantibodies, and serum BP180 autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] on day 0) variables with clinical relapse were assessed by means of univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS On day 0, 30 of 114 patients (26.3%) still had a positive result of direct immunofluorescence, 63 of 112 (56.3%) had circulating anti-basement membrane zone autoantibodies, and 34 of 57 (60%) had anti-BP180 antibodies by ELISA. At month 12, 22 patients were dead (n = 11) or lost to follow-up (n = 11), 51 were in remission, and 45 had had relapses (mean interval to relapse, 3.2 months). Factors predictive of relapse within 12 months after cessation of therapy were a positive result of direct immunofluorescence microscopy (P = .02), a greater age (P = .01), and high-titer ELISA scores (P = .02) on day 0. In multivariate analysis, the only factor independently predictive of relapse was a high-titer ELISA score on day 0 (odds ratio, 11.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-93.76). CONCLUSIONS High-titer anti-BP180 ELISA score and, to a lesser degree, a positive direct immunofluorescence finding are good indicators of further relapse of BP. At least 1 of these tests should be performed before therapy is discontinued.
A New Laboratory Assignment Support System for Undergraduate Students

University students of science and engineering have to study in laboratories for graduation. Therefore, they are necessary to select the laboratories at a time when they become the 4th-grade. However, there are some problems in laboratory assignment. For example, there is a specialized mismatch problem of the students and the laboratories. In this study, we proposed a new laboratory assignment support system to solve their problems using two databases of syllabuses and graduation papers. The proposed system has an algorithm to extracts technical terms from syllabuses selected by a student user, and calculates similarity as four specialized fields using typical keywords of the laboratories. We developed a prototype based on the proposed system, and conducted an evaluation by a questionnaire survey. As a result, the prototype showed that it is able to solve the laboratory assignment problems.
Efficient Mining of User Behaviors by Temporal Mobile Access Patterns

Summary Ubiquitous computing offers various kinds of dynamic services to the mobile users with versatile devices at anytime and anywhere. In ubiquitous environment intelligent mobile agents are mandated to communicate with users and it is enabled by capturing interesting user’s behavior patterns. Existing mining methods have proposed frequent mobile user's behavior patterns statistically based on requested services and location information. In this case some problems are caused because it was not considered that the mobile user's dynamic behavior patterns are usually associated with temporal access patterns. Therefore, ubiquitous computing provides the dynamic services with timely manner when user wants to get useful services information on time. In this paper, we propose a novel data mining method, namely temporal mobile access patterns that can efficiently discover mobile user's temporal behavior patterns associated with location and requested services. Furthermore, we present a novel data structure T-Map to store the temporal mobile access patterns. The advantage of our data structure compactly stores the user's behavior pattern according to location and service information in memory. Even though the information data sets require large shared memory when they are stored, our approach still provides fast access and consume less memory than other methods. The proposed technique in this paper works especially well for context-awareness data sets in mobile agent systems.
Pervasive and Mobile Computing ( ) – Pervasive and Mobile Computing Using Unlabeled Data in a Sparse-coding Framework for Human Activity Recognition

We propose a sparse-coding framework for activity recognition in ubiquitous and mobile computing that alleviates two fundamental problems of current supervised learning approaches. (i) It automatically derives a compact, sparse and meaningful feature representation of sensor data that does not rely on prior expert knowledge and generalizes well across domain boundaries. (ii) It exploits unlabeled sample data for bootstrapping effective activity recognizers, i.e., substantially reduces the amount of ground truth annotation required for model estimation. Such unlabeled data is easy to obtain, e.g., through contemporary smartphones carried by users as they go about their everyday activities. Based on the self-taught learning paradigm we automatically derive an over-complete set of basis vectors from unlabeled data that captures inherent patterns present within activity data. Through projecting raw sensor data onto the feature space defined by such over-complete sets of basis vectors effective feature extraction is pursued. Given these learned feature representations, classification backends are then trained using small amounts of labeled training data. We study the new approach in detail using two datasets which differ in terms of the recognition tasks and sensor modalities. Primarily we focus on a transportation mode analysis task, a popular task in mobile-phone based sensing. The sparse-coding framework demonstrates better performance than the state-of-the-art in supervised learning approaches. More importantly, we show the practical potential of the new approach by successfully evaluating its generalization capabilities across both domain and sensor modalities by considering the popular Opportunity dataset. Our feature learning approach outperforms state-of-the-art approaches to analyzing activities of daily living.
GS-Orthogonalization Based "Basis Feature" Selection from Word Co-occurrence Matrix

Feature selection plays an important role in machinelearning applications. Especially for text data, the highdimensionaland sparse characteristics will affect the performanceof feature selction. In this paper, an unsupervised feature selection algorithm through Random Projection and Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization (RP-GSO) from the word co-occurrence matrix is proposed. The RP-GSO has three advantages: (1) it takes as input dense word co-occurrence matrix, avoiding the sparseness of original document-term matrix, (2) it selects "basis features" by Gram-Schmidt process, guaranteeing the orthogonalization of feature space, and (3) it adopts random projection to speed upGS process. We did extensive experiments on two real-world textcorpora, and observed that RP-GSO achieves better performancecomparing against supervised and unsupervised methods in textclassification and clustering tasks.
Opportunistic DTN routing with window-aware adaptive replication

This paper presents ORWAR, a resource-efficient protocol for opportunistic routing in delay-tolerant networks. Our approach exploits the context of mobile nodes (speed, direction of movement and radio range) to estimate the size of a contact window. This knowledge is exploited to make better forwarding decisions and to minimize the probability of partially transmitted messages. As well as optimizing the use of bandwidth during overloads it helps to reduce energy consumption since partially transmitted messages are useless and waste transmission power. Another feature of the algorithm is the use of a differentiation mechanism based on message utility. This allows allocating more resources for high utility messages. More precisely, messages are replicated in the order of highest utility first, and removed from the buffers in the reverse order. To illustrate the benefit of such a scheme the global accumulated utility is used as a system-wide performance metric. Simulations illustrate the benefit of our model and show that ORWAR provides lower overhead and higher delivery rate, as well as higher accumulated utility compared to a number of well-known algorithms (including Maxprop and SprayAndWait).
Seduction: men, masculinity and mediated intimacy

effectively critique this approach would require much more engagement with poststructural thinking, which may deepen the theoretical depth of this book and support Roberts’ justification for using hegemonic masculinity and inclusive masculinity theory. Roberts might have found it useful, for instance, to engage with Chris Brickell’s (2005) work, which effectively aligns masculinity/ masculinities theory with poststructuralism and gender performativity, or Berggren’s (2014) work on ‘sticky’ masculinity. As such, the claims against poststructuralism in this book were not wellevidenced, and engaging with it could have been useful for Roberts, especially considering the extensive work Roberts does to unpack this notion of ‘masculinity. ’ Overall, Young Working-Class Men in Transition was a delight to read, and to gain insight into what many would regard as the ordinary, everyday lives of young working-class men in Britain. It is necessary to explore and examine such ordinariness, something that is often ignored in scholars’ attempts to capture the exceptions and, as Roberts contends, vital for development of policy to support these men. A timely addition to the study of men and masculinities, this book is essential reading for its tying together of strong sociological methodology, application of social theory, and nuanced and sensitive exploration of young, working-class men.
Differential Regulation of Cone Calcium Signals by Different Horizontal Cell Feedback Mechanisms in the Mouse Retina

Controlling neurotransmitter release by modulating the presynaptic calcium level is a key mechanism to ensure reliable signal transmission from one neuron to the next. In this study, we investigated how the glutamatergic output of cone photoreceptors (cones) in the mouse retina is shaped by different feedback mechanisms from postsynaptic GABAergic horizontal cells (HCs) using a combination of two-photon calcium imaging and pharmacology at the level of individual cone axon terminals. We provide evidence that hemichannel-mediated (putative ephaptic) feedback sets the cone output gain by defining the basal calcium level, a mechanism that may be crucial for adapting cones to the ambient light level. In contrast, pH-mediated feedback did not modulate the cone basal calcium level but affected the size and shape of light-evoked cone calcium signals in a contrast-dependent way: low-contrast light responses were amplified, whereas high-contrast light responses were reduced. Finally, we provide functional evidence that GABA shapes light-evoked calcium signals in cones. Because we could not localize ionotropic GABA receptors on cone axon terminals using electron microscopy, we suggest that GABA may act through GABA autoreceptors on HCs, thereby possibly modulating hemichannel- and/or pH-mediated feedback. Together, our results suggest that at the cone synapse, hemichannel-mediated (ephaptic) and pH-mediated feedback fulfill distinct functions to adjust the output of cones to changing ambient light levels and stimulus contrasts and that the efficacy of these feedback mechanisms is likely modulated by GABA release in the outer retina.
Influence of Firm’s Recovery Endeavors upon Privacy Breach on Online Customer Behavior

Abstract The soaring number of privacy breaches has prompted affected firms to learn how to effectively recover damaged customer relationships. In this study we develop and test a model that explains how online customer behavior is influenced by a firm’s recovery endeavors when privacy breaches occur. Drawing on a service recovery perspective, we integrate the notions of justice perceptions and psychological responses into a theoretical framework. The proposed model was tested against data collected from 1,007 online customers based on a hypothetical scenario. Results show that three types of justice perceptions, distributive, procedural, and interactional justice, jointly affect psychological responses—that is, perceived breach and feelings of violation. In addition, psychological responses were shown to be important in shaping postincident outcomes such as post-word of mouth and post-likelihood of switching. The study gives researchers and practitioners a useful conceptual tool for analyzing the effectiveness of organizational practices in recovering customer relationship after privacy breaches.
‘The Impact of my Work would be Greater here than there’: Implications of the International Mobility of Colombian Academics

Internationalization of higher education affects academic faculty in various ways. However, the internationalization experience of faculty in Latin America, a region concerned with internationalization only quite recently, has not yet been sufficiently researched. This research gap is addressed with this qualitative interview study. Five Colombian academics relate their experiences of internationalization, with a key focus on their own international mobility and the effects this has had on their professional lives and their institutional environment. Qualitative content analysis resulted in the identification of the four wider themes of mobility as personal professional enrichment, the ability to make an impact within Colombian higher education and, on the institutional level, to engage with the concept of internationalization at home and revisiting the role of academics in advancing internationalization. These themes are discussed against the background of literature on faculty mobility and the specific situation of emerging countries.
DoS attack on VANET routing and possible defending solutions - A survey

Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET), an unplanned network formed by vehicles on the road to improve road safety and driving conditions. Today, the vehicle count increases and the roads are becoming more hazardous by the effect of congestion and increased the likelihood of collision. Safety messages are to be routed to the vehicles in timely and correct manner. Because of the wireless medium, VANET messages are vulnerable to many attacks. To be secure, network availability must be obtained at all times since availability of the network is severely needed when a node sends any life critical information to other nodes. In this respect, the network availability is exposed to many types of attacks. In this paper, Denial of Service (DoS) attack on network availability is presented and its extremity level in VANET environment is elaborated. This paper also classifies and summarizes the techniques to prevent DoS attack with its pros and cons. From the survey, PBA technique is found to be good on authenticating vehicles with minimum delay and packet loss. Finally, we explore the significance of cellular automata in authenticating vehicles with lightweight operation that further reduces the delay with strong security.
Coordinate and noncoordinate colony stimulating factor formation by human monocytes

The regulation of macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) formation by elutriation‐purified human monocytes was studied in vitro and compared with that for granulocyte‐macrophage CSF (GM‐CSF) and granulocyte CSF (G‐CSF). The levels of the three CSFs were measured by immunoassay. Lipopolysac‐charide (LPS, 100 ng/ml) was able to enhance CSF formation but the levels were significantly influenced by the presence of a cyclooxygenase product(s) in the cultures. In the presence of LPS, both M‐CSF and GM‐CSF were up‐regulated by cyclooxygenase inhibition (indomethacin, 10‐5 M), while G‐CSF was down‐regulated. Exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 10‐7 M) reversed the actions of indomethacin. In LPS‐treated cells, in contrast to the different regulation by endogenous eicosanoid of M‐CSF and GM‐CSF formation and G‐CSF formation, both interleukin‐4 (IL‐4, 250 pM) and the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (10‐7 M) lowered the amounts of all CSFs. When the actions of CSFs were examined for their effects on CSF formation, M‐CSF could not stimulate either GM‐CSF or G‐CSF synthesis, in contrast to literature findings, while GM‐CSF enhanced M‐CSF formation but not that of G‐CSF. These studies indicate that there can be both coordinate and noncoordinate control of CSF expression by human monocytes. J. Leukoc. Biol. 55: 355–361; 1994.
Recurrence analysis for effective array prefetching in Java

Java is an attractive choice for numerical, as well as other, algorithms due to the software engineering benefits of object‐oriented programming. Because numerical programs often use large arrays that do not fit in the cache, they suffer from poor memory performance. To hide memory latency, we describe a new unified compile‐time analysis for software prefetching arrays and linked structures in Java. Our previous work used data‐flow analysis to discover linked data structure accesses. We generalize our prior approach to identify loop induction variables as well, which we call recurrence analysis. Our algorithm schedules prefetches for all array references that contain induction variables. We evaluate our technique using a simulator of an out‐of‐order superscalar processor running a set of array‐based Java programs. Across all of our programs, prefetching reduces execution time by a geometric mean of 23%, and the largest improvement is 58%. We also evaluate prefetching on a PowerPC processor, and we show that prefetching reduces execution time by a geometric mean of 17%. Because our analysis is much simpler and quicker than previous techniques, it is suitable for including in a just‐in‐time compiler. Traditional software prefetching algorithms for C and Fortran use locality analysis and sophisticated loop transformations. We further show that the additional loop transformations and careful scheduling of prefetches from previous work are not always necessary for modern architectures and Java programs. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does receiving advice from Voter Advice Applications (VAAs) affect public opinion in deeply divided societies? Evidence from a field experiment in Northern Ireland

Despite the global growth in the use of Voter Advice Applications (VAAs), which advise users on how similar their own policy views are to the policy positions of the political parties, there have been few field experiments that isolate the causal effects of VAA use on party support. Nor has there been much investigation of how VAAs may help to ameliorate ethnically based voting divisions by refocusing voter attention on other issues. This article draws on evidence from a field experiment in the deeply divided context of Northern Ireland. We find that at the individual level party preferences are somewhat more closely related to voter ideology after the provision of advice. Yet, at the aggregate level, we find no evidence that advice leads to weaker ethno-national structuring of party support. These results suggest that while receiving advice from VAAs has some impact on users’ party preferences, there is no observable overall impact on support levels for the ethno-national blocs in Northern Ireland.
Pooled Sequencing of 531 Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Identifies an Associated Rare Variant in BTNL2 and Implicates Other Immune Related Genes

The contribution of rare coding sequence variants to genetic susceptibility in complex disorders is an important but unresolved question. Most studies thus far have investigated a limited number of genes from regions which contain common disease associated variants. Here we investigate this in inflammatory bowel disease by sequencing the exons and proximal promoters of 531 genes selected from both genome-wide association studies and pathway analysis in pooled DNA panels from 474 cases of Crohn’s disease and 480 controls. 80 variants with evidence of association in the sequencing experiment or with potential functional significance were selected for follow up genotyping in 6,507 IBD cases and 3,064 population controls. The top 5 disease associated variants were genotyped in an extension panel of 3,662 IBD cases and 3,639 controls, and tested for association in a combined analysis of 10,147 IBD cases and 7,008 controls. A rare coding variant p.G454C in the BTNL2 gene within the major histocompatibility complex was significantly associated with increased risk for IBD (p = 9.65x10−10, OR = 2.3[95% CI = 1.75–3.04]), but was independent of the known common associated CD and UC variants at this locus. Rare (<1%) and low frequency (1–5%) variants in 3 additional genes showed suggestive association (p<0.005) with either an increased risk (ARIH2 c.338-6C>T) or decreased risk (IL12B p.V298F, and NICN p.H191R) of IBD. These results provide additional insights into the involvement of the inhibition of T cell activation in the development of both sub-phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease. We suggest that although rare coding variants may make a modest overall contribution to complex disease susceptibility, they can inform our understanding of the molecular pathways that contribute to pathogenesis.