Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dystrophin-glycoproteins associated in congenital muscular dystrophy: immunohistochemical analysis of 59 Brazilian cases.

UNLABELLED The congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) are heterogeneous muscular diseases with early and dystrophic pattern on muscle biopsy. Many different subtypes have been genetically identified and most phenotypes not yet identified belong to the merosin-positive (MP) CMD subgroup. OBJECTIVE To analyze the immunohistochemical expression of the main proteins of the dystrophin-glycoproteins associated complex in muscle biopsy of patients with different CMD phenotypes, for investigating a possible correlation with clinical and histopathological data. METHOD Fifty-nine patients with CMD had clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical data evaluated: 32 had MP-CMD, 23 CMD with merosin deficiency (MD-CMD), one Ullrich phenotype and three Walker-Warburg disease. RESULTS Dystrophin and dysferlin were normal in all; among the patients with MD-CMD, merosin deficiency was partial in nine who showed the same clinical severity as those with total deficiency; the reduced expression of alpha-sarcoglycan (SG) and alpha-dystroglycan (DG) showed statistically significant correlation with severe MD-CMD phenotype. CONCLUSION There is a greater relationship between merosin and the former proteins; among MP-CMD patients, no remarkable immunohistochemical/phenotypical correlations were found, although the reduced expression of beta-DG had showed statistically significant correlation with severe phenotype and marked fibrosis on muscular biopsy.
Vascular risk factors in late onset mania

Background. Previous researches have suggested that late onset mania is a distinct subtype associated with medical and neurological disorders. Few studies, however, have focused on vascular risk factors. Methods. Records of 366 bipolar patients were reviewed and age of first psychiatric hospitalization determined. Late-onset cases were determined empirically from a distribution histogram. Late onset cases were matched to early onset cases and histories of vascular disease/risks and current cholesterol levels compared. Results. The distribution of age of first psychiatric hospitalization was bimodal with an intermode at age 47. Using that threshold, 6·3% of the cohort was classified as having late onset mania. Vascular risks factors were greater and current cholesterol levels higher in the late onset group. Conclusions. Late onset mania is associated with greater vascular risk factors. The bimodal appearance of age of first psychiatric hospitalization in this study provides further support of late onset mania as a distinct manic subtype with possibly a different, vascular aetiology. Control of these vascular risks may impact on the incidence of late onset mania, as well as on its clinical management.
A sense-based lexicon of count and mass expressions: The Bochum English Countability Lexicon

The present paper describes the current release of the Bochum English Countability Lexicon (BECL 2.1), a large empirical database consisting of lemmata from Open ANC (http://www.anc.org) with added senses from WordNet (Fellbaum 1998). BECL 2.1 contains ≈ 11,800 annotated noun-sense pairs, divided in four major countability classes and 18 fine-grained subclasses. In the current version, BECL also provides information on nouns whose senses occur in more than one class allowing a closer look on polysemy and homonymy with regard to countability. Further included are sets of similar senses using the Leacock and Chodorow (LCH) score for semantic similarity (Leacock & Chodorow 1998), information on orthographic variation, on the completeness of all WordNet senses in the database and an annotated representation of different types of proper names. The further development of BECL will investigate the different countability classes of proper names and the general relation between semantic similarity and countability as well as recurring syntactic patterns for noun-sense pairs. The BECL 2.1 database is also publicly available via http://count-and-mass.org.
Networks and Frontiers in Colonial Tanzania

The development of environmental and Africanist history-Africanist referring to the scholarly study of African history in universities in, or modeled on, those of the West-as distinct and important historical fields have moved in parallel directions since the 196os. They often examine similar issues, but they are rarely linked together. Environmental history has sought to understand how human action shapes the physical world. It usually concentrates on "scientific" evidence and the documentary record left by historical actors primarily of western origin, but often only tangentially touches the practices of local populations. While the limits of scientific evidence created by Westerners poses few problems in works such as those of Fernand Braudel, much environmental history has taken as its subject the contest for control over the physical world between western and nonwestern peoples. , Far too often, cross-cultural approaches to environmental history structure themselves so that knowledge of and created by the "other" appears exoticized.2 Africanist historians have always done environmental history, for nothing is more central to understanding Africa than the relationships between humans and the physical world. Yet Africanist studies have long been limited by boundaries of ethnicity, language, and arbitrary political boundaries designed by colonial conquerors. These foci, arising from the field's ethnographic origins and from modern political contexts, limit Africanist scholarship. This is particularly true in the study of the past two centuries, precisely the juncture where environmental and Africanist history have the most to say to each other.3 During these centuries, Africa and its peoples were conquered and Africa's landscapes transformed. As environmental history, in both its grand forms and its case studies, concentrates on such transformations, so Africanist scholarship concentrates on the "cross-cultural" contact of imperialism and cultural change, largely by relying on evidence from local actors and information culled from "science" and the colonial record. The artificial boundaries imposed by colonial rule transformed African landscapes. Benedict Anderson speaks of the drawing of colonial boundaries in the modern world as the "concretion" of "possibilities. " The power represented by lines on maps eventually transformed space and consciousness. This may seem an odd departure point for an examination of environmental change in eastern Af-
Dispositional Envy Revisited

Previous research has conceptualized dispositional envy as a unitary construct. Recently however, episodic envy has been shown to emerge in two qualitatively different forms. Benign envy is related to the motivation to move upward, whereas malicious envy is related to pulling superior others down. In four studies (N = 1,094)—using the newly developed Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS)—we show that dispositional envy is also characterized by two independent dimensions related to distinct motivational dynamics and behavioral consequences. Dispositional benign and malicious envy uniquely predict envious responding following upward social comparisons. Furthermore, they are differentially connected to hope for success and fear of failure. Corresponding to these links, dispositional benign envy predicted faster race performance of marathon runners mediated via higher goal setting. In contrast, dispositional malicious envy predicted race goal disengagement. The findings highlight that disentangling the two sides of envy opens up numerous research avenues.
SOX2 and nestin expression in human melanoma: an immunohistochemical and experimental study

Abstract: SOX2 is an embryonic neural crest stem‐cell transcription factor recently shown to be expressed in human melanoma and to correlate with experimental tumor growth. SOX2 binds to an enhancer region of the gene that encodes for nestin, also a neural progenitor cell biomarker. To define further the potential relationship between SOX2 and nestin, we examined co‐expression patterns in 135 melanomas and 37 melanocytic nevi. Immunohistochemical staining in 27 melanoma tissue sections showed an association between SOX2 positivity, spindle cell shape and a peripheral nestin distribution pattern. In contrast, SOX2‐negative cells were predominantly epithelioid, and exhibited a cytoplasmic pattern for nestin. In tissue microarrays, co‐expression correlated with tumor progression, with only 11% of nevi co‐expressing SOX2 and nestin in contrast to 65% of metastatic melanomas, and preliminarily, with clinical outcome. Human melanoma lines that differentially expressed constitutive SOX2 revealed a positive correlation between SOX2 and nestin expression. Experimental melanomas grown from these respective cell lines in murine subcutis and dermis of xenografted human skin maintained the association between SOX2‐positivity, spindle cell shape, and peripheral nestin distribution. Moreover, the cytoplasmic pattern of nestin distribution was observed in xenografts generated from SOX2‐knockdown A2058 melanoma cells, in contrast to the periperhal nestin pattern seen in tumors grown from A2058 control cells transfected with non‐target shRNA. In aggregate, these data further support a biologically significant linkage between SOX2 and nestin expression in human melanoma.
Secret Key Generation With Limited Interaction

A basic two-terminal secret key generation model is considered, where the interactive communication rate between the terminals may be limited, and in particular may not be enough to achieve the maximum key rate. We first prove a multi-letter characterization of the key-communication rate region (where the number of auxiliary random variables depends on the number of rounds of the communication), and then provide an equivalent but simpler characterization in terms of concave envelopes in the case of unlimited number of rounds. Two extreme cases are given special attention. First, in the regime of very low communication rates, the key bits per interaction bit (KBIB) is expressed with a new “symmetric strong data processing constant”, which has a concave envelope characterization analogous to that of the conventional strong data processing constant. The symmetric strong data processing constant can be upper bounded by the supremum of the maximal correlation coefficient over a set of distributions, which allows us to determine the KBIB for binary symmetric sources, and conclude, in particular, that the interactive scheme is not more efficient than the one-way scheme at least in the low communication-rate regime. Second, a new characterization of the minimum interaction rate needed for achieving the maximum key rate (MIMK) is given, and we resolve a conjecture by Tyagi regarding the MIMK for (possibly nonsymmetric) binary sources. We also propose a new conjecture for binary symmetric sources that the interactive scheme is not more efficient than the one-way scheme at any communication rate.
Pure 2D visual servo control for a class of under-actuated dynamic systems

A pure image-based strategy for visual servo control of a class of dynamic systems is proposed. The proposed design concerns the dynamics of unmanned aerial vehicles capable of quasi-stationary flight (hover and near hover flight). The visual servo control task considered is to locate the camera relative to a stationary target. The paper extends earlier work, by weakening the assumption on the construction of the visual error used. In prior work some inertial information was used in the error construction to guarantee the passivity properties of the control design. In this paper the visual error is defined purely in terms of the 2D image features derived from, the camera signal.
An infrastructure for ontology-based information systems in biomedicine: RICORDO case study

SUMMARY The article presents an infrastructure for supporting the semantic interoperability of biomedical resources based on the management (storing and inference-based querying) of their ontology-based annotations. This infrastructure consists of: (i) a repository to store and query ontology-based annotations; (ii) a knowledge base server with an inference engine to support the storage of and reasoning over ontologies used in the annotation of resources; (iii) a set of applications and services allowing interaction with the integrated repository and knowledge base. The infrastructure is being prototyped and developed and evaluated by the RICORDO project in support of the knowledge management of biomedical resources, including physiology and pharmacology models and associated clinical data. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The RICORDO toolkit and its source code are freely available from http://ricordo.eu/relevant-resources. CONTACT sarala@ebi.ac. uk.
Gossip Strategies for Service Composition

Unstructured peer-to-peer (P2P) architectures offer several benefits to implement semantic discovery and composition in future-generation service registries. However, their success strongly depends on the adoption of efficient techniques for disseminating semantic queries over the network. Gossip strategies significantly reduce the amount of messages with respect to flooding, but they need a predefined tuning of the effectual fanout to achieve good performance. In this paper, we compare typical gossip strategies with our proposal, which is able to dynamically exploit network knowledge to fulfil a selective choice of propagation paths in order to ensure high recall and further reduce the number of messages exchanged. We perform the comparison in a simulated environment to observe resolution time, recall and message overhead on large-size and evolving networks while searching for service compositions. We have adopted Bernoulli, Random Geometric and Scale-Free graphs to model different network topologies. The experimental results show that our approach is able to adapt to network changes and preserve high levels of recall. In particular, it reduces message overhead, with respect to both optimized flooding and the analysed gossip-based strategies, or improves the recall, whereas resolution time remains almost unchanged.
QCRI at WMT12: Experiments in Spanish-English and German-English Machine Translation of News Text

We describe the systems developed by the team of the Qatar Computing Research Institute for the WMT12 Shared Translation Task. We used a phrase-based statistical machine translation model with several non-standard settings, most notably tuning data selection and phrase table combination. The evaluation results show that we rank second in BLEU and TER for Spanish-English, and in the top tier for German-English.
Psychological symptomatology, self-esteem and life satisfactions of women from polygamous and monogamous marriages in Syria

This study is the first to examine and compare the psychological symptomatology, self-esteem and life satisfaction of women in polygamous and monogamous relationships in Syria. A convenience sample of 276 women was studied, of whom 163 were senior wives in polygamous marriages and 113 were wives in monogamous marriages. Findings revealed that senior wives in polygamous marriages experienced lower self-esteem, less life satisfaction and more mental health symptomatology than women in monogamous marriages. Many of the mental health symptoms were different; noteworthy were elevated somatization, depression, hostility and psychoticism. Implications for mental health practice, policy and further research are discussed.
A Global Analysis of the Polygalacturonase Gene Family in Soybean (Glycine max)

Polygalacturonase is one of the pectin hydrolytic enzymes involved in various developmental and physiological processes such as seed germination, organ abscission, pod and anther dehiscence, and xylem cell formation. To date, no systematic analysis of polygalacturonase incorporating genome organization, gene structure, and expression profiling has been conducted in soybean (Glycine max var. Williams 82). In this study, we identified 112 GmPG genes from the soybean Wm82.a2v1 genome. These genes were classified into three groups, group I (105 genes), group II (5 genes), and group III (2 genes). Fifty-four pairs of duplicate paralogous genes were preferentially identified from duplicated regions of the soybean genome, which implied that long segmental duplications significantly contributed to the expansion of the GmPG gene family. Moreover, GmPG transcripts were analyzed in various tissues using RNA-seq data. The results showed the differential expression of 64 GmPGs in the tissue and partially redundant expression of some duplicate genes, while others showed functional diversity. These findings suggested that the GmPGs were retained by substantial subfunctionalization during the soybean evolutionary processes. Finally, evolutionary analysis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in wild and cultivated soybeans revealed that 107 GmPGs had selected site(s), which indicated that these genes may have undergone strong selection during soybean domestication. Among them, one non-synonymous SNP of GmPG031 affected floral development during selection, which was consistent with the results of RNA-seq and evolutionary analyses. Thus, our results contribute to the functional characterization of GmPG genes in soybean.
A Transcriptome-Based Characterization of Habituation in Plant Tissue Culture1[W]

For the last 50 years, scientists have recognized that varying ratios of the plant hormones cytokinin and auxin induce plant cells to form particular tissues: undifferentiated calli, shoot structures, root structures, or a whole plant. Proliferation of undifferentiated callus tissue, greening, and the formation of shoot structures are all cytokinin-dependent processes. Habituation refers to a naturally occurring phenomenon whereby callus cultures, upon continued passage, lose their requirement for cytokinin. Earlier studies of calli with a higher-than-normal cytokinin content indicate that overproduction of cytokinin by the culture tissues is a possible explanation for this acquired cytokinin independence. A transcriptome-based analysis of a well established habituated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell culture line was undertaken, to explore genome-wide expression changes underlying the phenomenon of habituation. Increased levels of expression of the cytokinin receptor CRE1, as well as altered levels of expression of several other genes involved in cytokinin signaling, indicated that naturally acquired deregulation of cytokinin-signaling components could play a previously unrecognized role in habituation. Up-regulation of several cytokinin oxidases, down-regulation of several known cytokinin-inducible genes, and a lack of regulation of the cytokinin synthases indicated that increases in hormone concentration may not be required for habituation. In addition, up-regulation of the homeodomain transcription factor FWA, transposon-related elements, and several DNA- and chromatin-modifying enzymes indicated that epigenetic changes contribute to the acquisition of cytokinin habituation.
Multicultural education and global education: A possible merger

Curriculum specialists are becoming increasingly aware of the need to promote learning which enables diverse populations to live in harmony. At one point in educational history societal academicians had the luxury to do little more than dream about a world united by common goals and concerns for all people and nations. However, technological advances coupled with cultural value shifts have transformed this dream into a necessity. Our human survival rests on our ability to educate the public about interdependence and about the adaptation necessitated by the new realities which interdependence implies. Currently, attempts to educate others about interdependence are being made in both the global education movement and the multicultural education
Three new species of oribatid mites of the genus Pergalumna (Acari: Oribatida: Galumnidae) from India

Three new oribatid mite species of the genus Pergalumna (Galumnidae) are described from growing mosses on rocks near a water stream in India. Pergalumna paraclericata sp. n. is very similar morphologically to Carinogalumna clericata (Berlese, 1914), however, it differs from the latter by the structure of lamellar lines and number of notogastral porose areas. Pergalumna minipora sp. n. is very similar morphologically to Pergalumna bifissurata Hammer, 1972, however, it differs from the latter by the body size and the presence of prodorsal ridges and a median pore. Pergalumna paracattienica sp. n. is very similar morphologically to Pergalumna cattienica Ermilov & Anichkin, 2011, however, it differs from the latter by the number of notogastral porose areas and the body integument on the ventral plate.
On Distributed Embedded Systems

Thinking of distributed embedded systems (DES)—let alone the more general area of embedded computing—as a unified topic is difficult. Nevertheless, it is a vastly important topic and potentially represents a revolution in information technology (IT). DES is driven by the increasing capabilities and ever-declining costs of computing and communications devices, resulting in networked systems of embedded computers whose functional components are nearly invisible to end users. Systems have the potential to alter radically the way in which people interact with their environment by linking a range of devices and sensors that will allow information to be collected, shared, and processed in unprecedented ways.
A Platform for Investigating Effectiveness for Static, Adaptable, Adaptive, and Mixed-Initiative Environments in e-Commerce

A pet food composition is provided which improves several important clinical indicators in an animal suffering from renal disease and includes adequate protein, has low phosphorus levels, improves metabolic buffering, and lowers blood triglyceride levels in the animal. The animal is fed a composition which includes from about 10 to about 32% crude protein, from about 8 to about 20% fat, from about 3 to about 25% total dietary fiber, and fermentable fibers which have an organic matter disappearance of 15 to 60 percent when fermented by fecal bacteria for a 24 hour period, the fibers being present in amounts from about 1 to 11 weight percent of supplemental total dietary fiber.
High Fat Diet Induces Adhesion of Platelets to Endothelium in Two Models of Dyslipidemia

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent about 30% of all global deaths. It is currently accepted that, in the atherogenic process, platelets play an important role, contributing to endothelial activation and modulation of the inflammatory phenomenon, promoting the beginning and formation of lesions and their subsequent thrombotic complications. The objective of the present work was to study using immunohistochemistry, the presence of platelets, monocytes/macrophages, and cell adhesion molecules (CD61, CD163, and CD54), in two stages of the atheromatous process. CF-1 mice fed a fat diet were used to obtain early stages of atheromatous process, denominated early stage of atherosclerosis, and ApoE−/− mice fed a fat diet were used to observe advanced stages of atherosclerosis. The CF-1 mice model presented immunostaining on endothelial surface for all three markers studied; the advanced atherosclerosis model in ApoE−/− mice also presented granular immunostaining on lesion thickness, for the same markers. These results suggest that platelets participate in atheromatous process from early stages to advance d stages. High fat diet induces adhesion of platelets to endothelial cells in vivo. These findings support studying the participation of platelets in the formation of atheromatous plate.