Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of Data Cleaning Techniques

Conditional Functional Dependencies (CFDs) are an extension of Functional Dependencies (FDs) by supporting patterns of semantically related constants, and can be used as rules for cleaning relational data. However, finding CFDs is an expensive process that involves intensive manual effort. To effectively identify data cleaning rules, we take 4 techniques for cleaning the data from sample relations. CFDMiner, is based on techniques for mining closed item sets, and is used to detect constant CFDs, namely, CFDs with constant patterns only. It provides a heuristic efficient algorithm for discovering patterns from a fixed FD. It leverages closed-item set mining to reduce search space. CTANE works well when the arity of a sample relation is small and the support threshold is high, but it scales poorly when the arity of a relation increases. FastCFD is more efficient when the arity of a relation is large. Greedy Method formally based on the desirable properties of support and confidence. It studying the computational complexity of automatic generation of optimal tables and providing an efficient approximation algorithm. These techniques are already implemented in the previous papers. We take algorithms of these 4 techniques and find out time and space complexity of each algorithm to know which technique will be helpful in which case and display the results in the form of line and bar charts. I. Introduction: Recent statistics reveals that dirty date costs US businesses billions of dollars annually (cf. [6]). It is also estimated that data cleaning, a labor-intensive and complex process, accounts for 30%-80% of the development time in a data warehouse project (cf. [18]). These highlight the need for data-cleaning tools to automatically detect and effectively remove inconsistencies and errors in the data. One of the most important questions in connection with data cleaning is how to model the consistency of the data, i.e., how to specify and determine that the data is clean? This calls for appropriate application-specific integrity constraints [16] to model the fundamental semantics of the data. Unfortunately little previous work has studied this issue. Commercial ETL (extraction, transformation, loading) tools have little built-in data cleaning capability, and a significant portion of the cleaning work has still to be one manually or by low-level programs that are difficult to write and maintain [16]. A bulk of prior research has focused on them erg purge problem (e.g., [8, 10, 15, 20]) for the elimination of approximate duplicates, or on …
A New Tractable Subclass of the Rectangle Algebra

This paper presents the 169 permitted relations between two rectangles whose sides are parallel to the axes of some orthogonal basis in a 2-dimensional Euclidean space. Elaborating rectangle algebra just like interval algebra, it defines the concept of convexity as well as the ones of weak preconvexity and strong preconvexity. It introduces afterwards the fundamental operations of intersection, composition and inversion and demonstrates that the concept of weak preconvexity is preserved by the operation of composition whereas the concept of strong preconvexity is preserved by the operation of intersection. Finally, fitting the propagation techniques conceived to solve interval networks, it shows that the polynomial path-consistency algorithm is a decision method for the problem of proving the consistency of strongly preconvex rectangle networks.
Human Stanniocalcin-1 Suppresses Angiotensin II-Induced Superoxide Generation in Cardiomyocytes through UCP3-Mediated Anti-Oxidant Pathway

Rationale We have previously shown increased cardiac stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. STC1 localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and transgenic over-expression of STC1 is associated with increased energy utilization. Objective We examined the hypothesis that STC1 uncouples mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation - to suppress superoxide generation and modulate neurohormonal effects on cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results Compared to WT mouse heart, STC1 Tg heart displays: 2-fold higher uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) levels, but no effect on UCP2 protein; 40% lower ATP levels; but similar activities of respiratory chain complexes I-IV. In cultured adult rat and freshly-isolated mouse cardiomyocytes, rSTC1 induces UCP3, but not UCP2. Treatment of cardiomyocytes with STC1 decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and suppresses baseline and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced superoxide generation. Furthermore, baseline superoxide generation is higher in freshly-isolated adult UCP3−/− mouse cardiomyocytes compared to WT, suggesting an important role for UCP3 in regulating cardiomyocyte ROS under physiologic conditions. Treatment of UCP3−/− cardiomyocytes with rSTC1 failed to suppress superoxide generation, suggesting that the effects of STC1 on superoxide generation in cardiomyocytes are UCP3-dependent. Conclusion STC1 activates a novel anti-oxidant pathway in cardiac myocytes through induction of UCP3, and may play an important role in suppressing ROS in the heart under normal physiologic conditions and ameliorate the deleterious effects of Ang II-mediated cardiac injury. Importantly, our data point to a critical role for the mitochondria in regulating ROS generation in response to Ang II.
Neoliberal practices amidst social justice orientations: global citizenship education in South Korea

Abstract Global citizenship education (GCE) positions itself on the global arena as a transformative social justice oriented educational curriculum that addresses the political, social, economic and cultural inequalities brought about through colonisation and neoliberalism on the global and local levels. Through an exploration of the discourse, design and delivery of GCE in the young nation-state of South Korea, we argue that, in fact, GCE reinforces and maintains the hegemonic ideals of global capitalism; core-periphery global and local relationships; and dichotomous views of poverty and inequalities. We argue that these approaches reflect South Korea’s geopolitical realities, but that attitudes towards GCE in South Korea also reflect its cultural norms and values towards working together towards a common good. Ultimately, we call for a more nuanced approach to GCE scholarship in which we move away from theoretical divisions to practical applications of social justice that work within increasingly capitalist/neoliberal interests for a more inclusive world.
Properties of Nonnegative Hermitian Matrices and New Entropic Inequalities for Noncomposite Quantum Systems

We consider the probability distributions, spin (qudit)-state tomograms and density matrices of quantum states, and their information characteristics, such as Shannon and von Neumann entropies and q-entropies, from the viewpoints of both well-known purely mathematical features of nonnegative numbers and nonnegative matrices and their physical characteristics, such as entanglement and other quantum correlation phenomena. We review entropic inequalities such as the Araki–Lieb inequality and the subadditivity and strong subadditivity conditions known for bipartite and tripartite systems, and recently obtained for single qudit states. We present explicit matrix forms of the known and some new entropic inequalities associated with quantum states of composite and noncomposite systems. We discuss the tomographic probability distributions of qudit states and demonstrate the inequalities for tomographic entropies of the qudit states. In addition, we mention a possibility to use the discussed information properties of single qudit states in quantum technologies based on multilevel atoms and quantum circuits produced of Josephson junctions.
Robust H ∞ filtering for uncertain discrete-time state-delayed systems.

This paper addresses the problem of robust H∞ filtering for linear discrete-time systems subject to parameter uncertainties in the system state-space model and with multiple time delays in the state variables. The uncertain parameters are supposed to belong to a given convex bounded polyhedral domain. A methodology is developed to design a stable linear filter that assures asymptotic stability and a prescribed H∞ performance for the filtering error, irrespective of the uncertainty and the time delays. The proposed design is given in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which has the advantage in that it can be implemented numerically very efficiently.
Power, Conflict, and Effectiveness

This study investigated the relationships of bases of leader power (coercive, reward, legitimate, expert, and referent) and styles of handling interpersonal conflict (integrating, obliging, dominating, avoiding, and compromising) to subordinates' effectiveness. Data for this study were collected with questionnaires from the United States and Bulgaria and analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis for each country. Results indicated that in the United States referent power base of supervisors and integrating style of handling conflict of subordinates were positively associated with effectiveness. In Bulgaria, legitimate power base of supervisors was positively associated with effectiveness, but the subordinates' conflict styles were not associated with effectiveness.
Developing Communicative English Language Tests for Tourism Vocational High School Students

The present study aimed at developing communicative language tests for vocational high school students. A Research and Development design was employed in this study with the primary target was to develop communicative English language tests. The main procedures in the development of the test include: (1) identifying objectives, (2) developing the test specification, (3) developing the communicative tests, (4) analyzing the results of the preliminary tryout of the communicative tests drafts, (5) revising the communicative test drafts, (6) trying out the communicative test drafts, (7) analyzing the results of the tryout of the communicative tests, (8) revising the communicative test drafts. Questionnaires and observation blanks sheet was used to gather comments, opinions, and criticisms on the draft of communicative tests from a number of selected experts. The analysis of the communicative tests tryout was done to ensure the validity, reliability, and practicality of the tests.
Profiling for English Emails

This paper reports on some aspects of a project aimed at automating the analysis of texts for the purpose of author profiling and identification. The complete analysis provides probabilities for the author’s basic demographic traits (gender, age, geographic origin, level of education and native language) as well as for five psychometric traits. We describe the email data which was collected for the project, the ways this data is processed and analysed, and the experimental setup used for classification with the Text Attribution Tool (TAT) before presenting our results for the demographic and psychometric traits using English email. Results are very promising for all ten traits examined.
A Simulated Walk in Nature: Testing Predictions From the Attention Restoration Theory

Attention restoration theory (ART) predicts that top-down processing during everyday activities can cause attentional fatigue and that bottom-up processing that occurs when people experience nature will be restorative. This study exposed participants to three different conditions using a repeated measures design: a control condition during which participants walked on a typical treadmill; a nature condition during which participants walked on the same treadmill, experiencing a simulated nature walk; and a perturbation condition that included the same simulated nature scene but also required top-down processing during the walk. The findings supported ART predictions. As measured by the backward digit span test, top-down processing in a simulated natural environment nullified the restorative effects and the nature condition produced a significant improvement in directed attention performance compared to the control and perturbation conditions after a 10-min walk. These findings offer practical insights to enhance cognitive functioning through simulated natural environments.
An Axis-Shifted Grid-Clustering Algorithm

These spatial clustering methods can be classified into four categories: partitioning method, hierarchical method, density-based method and grid-based method. The grid-based clustering algorithm, which partitions the data space into a finite number of cells to form a grid structure and then performs all clustering operations to group similar spatial objects into classes on this obtained grid structure, is an efficient clustering algorithm. To cluster efficiently and simultaneously, to reduce the influences of the size and borders of the cells, a new grid-based clustering algorithm, an Axis-Shifted Grid-Clustering algorithm (ASGC), is proposed in this paper. This new clustering method combines a novel density-grid based clustering with axis-shifted partitioning strategy to identify areas of high density in the input data space. The main idea is to shift the original grid structure in each dimension of the data space after the clusters generated from this original structure have been obtained. The shifted grid structure can be considered as a dynamic adjustment of the size of the original cells and reduce the weakness of borders of cells. And thus, the clusters generated from this shifted grid structure can be used to revise the originally obtained clusters. The experimental results verify that, indeed, the effect of this new algorithm is less influenced by the size of cells than other grid-based ones and requires at most a single scan through the data.
Epigenetic Mechanisms and Treatments of Fetal Alcohol Exposure-Induced Memory Impairment and Metabolic Dysregulation

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 11 FIGURES AND TABLES . 16 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 23 I. OVERVIEW OF FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS (FASD) . 23 II. NEUROBEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES OF FAE . 24 a. Human Studies . 24 b. Animal Studies . 25 III. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND METABOLIC CONSEQUENCES OF FAE . 26 IV. MECHANISMS OF FAE TERATOGENICITY . 26 a. DNA Methylation . 27 b. Genomic Imprinting . 28 VI. TREATMENTS AND INTERVENTIONS FOR FASD . 29 a. Behavioral Interventions . 30 b. Pharmacological Interventions . 30 CHAPTER 2 LOW DOSE THYROXINE ATTENUATES AUTISM ASSOCIATED ADVERSE EFFECTS OF FETAL ALCOHOL IN MALE OFFSPRING’S SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND HIPPOCAMPAL GENE EXPRESSION . 34 12
AF-Chord: An improved Chord model based adjusted Finger Table

This paper proposed an improved Chord model called AF-Chord, which is based on the adjusted constructor for Finger Table, and give out its routing algorithm. While constructing the Finger Table, we have considered the using of the redundancy table entries, and provide a improved routing algorithm. Through simulation experiment, we can prove that in the premise of a constant Finger Table capacity, the average length of logical routing path while seeking for resourses and the ability of load ba lancing have obviously been improved.
QoS multi-spanning tree for optical burst switching

Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed as a future high-speed switching technology for Internet Protocol (IP) networks that may be able to efficiently utilize extremely high capacity links without the need for optical-electronic (O/E) conversions at intermediate nodes. Among its benefits of supporting statistical multiplexing at a rational granularity, OBS still gives poor performance in terms of burst drop probability. In an Optical Burst Switched network, the existence of highly congested links could lead to unacceptable performance for the entire network, causing quality of service (QoS) degradation to flows inserted into the network. In this paper we propose a Multi- Spanning Tree architecture that improves QoS management by increasing the efficiency in the wavelength assignment process. The new protocol uses wavelength spanning trees on demand depending on the QoS constraints demanded by inserted traffics. Moreover, the protocol avoids burst overlapping on each edge of the spanning trees, while at the same time, permitting the reutilization of lambda assignments between nodes contained in the same branch. Therefore, the protocol allows traffic aggregation from many nodes into a single branch, improving efficiency and link utilization. We take a traffic engineering approach to branch selection with the objective of balancing the traffic across the network links to reduce congestion and to improve overall performance. In this paper, the architecture, the design of the protocol and some simulation results are presented.
Intelligent assistant for helping students to learn programming

Students experience constant problems in their introductory programming courses. Along with difficulties to cope with abstract programming concepts students tend to experience fear and lack of motivation to learn programming. In order to make programming more interesting and to make programming concepts easier to comprehend an intelligent assistant which enables students to ask question about their programming lessons in a simple and familiar way just as they would ask the lecturer is proposed. In this way the process of getting the right information and answer gets faster and also more interesting and engaging compared to classic approach. Along with getting the desired answer faster this kind of approach increases motivation of students to spend more time in learning programming because of interesting new technology that is used as an aiding tool in their programming education. The results about students' attitude towards such approach and its effect on students' motivation and amount of time spent in learning are presented and discussed.
Personality differences within systems project teams: Implications for designing solving centers

Information systems for large firms are typically designed by a group of people which is made up of users and system personnel. The management information system (MIS) literature discusses a communication gap between the organization-oriented users and the more technical systems staff. It has been hypothesized that system personnel and users are different in terms of personality and behavioral characteristics and that these differences are one of the primary reasons for the existence of a communication gap. This paper summarizes a study that investigated personality characteristics of 100 respondents from 33 large firms who worked together on a systems design. Analysis was performed to see if there were significant differences on personality dimensions between users and systems personnel. An operationalization of Jung's personality typology (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) was employed. Results indicate that the users involved in the systems design were very similar to their systems counterparts. Even more surprising was that these users were closer to the popular descriptions of systems staff than the analysts were. The general implications of these findings in terms of the management of design solving centers and the MIS designs they create are discussed.
Microsatellite analysis of female mating behaviour in lek‐breeding sage grouse

We used microsatellite DNA markers to genotype chicks in 10 broods of lek‐breeding sage grouse, Centrocercus urophasianus, whose mothers’ behaviour was studied by radio‐tracking and observing leks. Previous behavioural studies suggested that almost all matings are performed by territorial males on leks and that multiple mating is rare. Two broods (20%) were sired by more than one male. Genetic analyses of the broods of eight females that visited an intensively studied lek were consistent with behavioural observations. Four females observed mating produced singly sired broods and males other than the individual observed copulating were excluded as sires for most or all of their chicks. Territorial males at the study lek were excluded as sires of broods of four other females that visited the lek but were not observed mating there. Radio‐tracking suggested that two of these females mated at other leks. Our results confirm the reliability of mating observations at leks, but do not rule out a possible unseen component of the mating system.
Graph Propositionalization for Random Forests

Graph propositionalization methods transform structured and relational data into a fixed-length feature vector format that can be used by standard machine learning methods. However, the choice of propositionalization method may have a significant impact on the performance of the resulting classifier. Six different propositionalization methods are evaluated when used in conjunction with random forests. The empirical evaluation shows that the choice of propositionalization method has a significant impact on the resulting accuracy for structured data sets. The results furthermore show that the maximum frequent itemset approach and a combination of this approach and maximal common substructures turn out to be the most successful propositionalization methods for structured data, each significantly outperforming the four other considered methods.
A new look at possessive reflexivization: A comparative study between Czech and Russian

The paper presents a contrastive description of reflexive possessive pronouns “svůj” in Czech and “svoj” in Russian. The research concerns syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects. With our analysis, we shed a new light on the already investigated issue, which comes from a detailed comparison of the phenomenon of possessive reflexivization in two typologically and genetically similar languages. We show that whereas in Czech, the possessive reflexivization is mostly limited to syntactic functions and does not go beyond the grammar, in Russian it gets additional semantic meanings and moves substantially towards the lexicon. The obtained knowledge allows us to explain heretofore unclear marginal uses of reflexives in each language.
Predicting Facets of Adult Paranormality From Childhood Exposure to Inappropriate Styles of Parenting

This study examines the extent to which recalled childhood exposure to three different styles of parental caregiving (rejecting, unresponsive, and overprotective parenting) predict four facets of adult paranormality (self-reported anomalous experiences, beliefs, ability, and fears). Path analysis controlling for respondents’ age and qualifications revealed that more anomalous experiences were a direct predictor of stronger anomalous beliefs which in turn predicted more self-proclaimed anomalous ability, with the latter then predicting, somewhat surprisingly, more anomalous fears. Of the three child-rearing styles, rejecting parenting directly predicted more anomalous experiences as did overprotective parenting (marginally). Also surprisingly, unresponsive parenting directly predicted more anomalous fears. Subsequent indirect (mediating) effects through more anomalous fears, ability, and beliefs also emerged. Findings are discussed in relation to claims that adoption of a paranormal worldview serves as a psychological mechanism for coping with an unhappy or insecure childhood. Methodological limitations and ideas for future research are also considered.