Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Perinatal: Special Care Unit: EXPERT CARE FOR HIGH-RISK PATIENTS

Labor and delivery units are often used to provide care for nonlaboring patients requiring intensive medical and nursing care. The utilization of labor beds in this manner, however, can result in a shortage of beds for those patients who are truly in labor. Unfortunately, patient dissatisfaction, use of supplemental staffing, and ill-prepared, overworked nurses can then become the result of this practice. Clearly, an improved, innovative model of providing care for high-risk perinatal patients is needed. The purpose of this article is to describe how one hospital and its interdisciplinary team met the challenge of providing expert care for complex perinatal patients by creating a unique model of patient care delivery, the perinatal special care unit (PSCU). An advanced practice nursing role, the perinatal nurse practitioner (PNNP) was implemented to provide collaborative care for these patients. This article includes a discussion of positive and negative outcomes that occurred after the PSCU became a reality. Overall, housing patients on the PSCU has eliminated inappropriate use of labor and delivery beds and has led to a more satisfying childbearing experience for all involved.
Strong Mutational Bias Toward Deletions in the Drosophila melanogaster Genome Is Compensated by Selection

Insertions and deletions (collectively indels) obviously have a major impact on genome evolution. However, before large-scale data on indel polymorphism became available, it was difficult to estimate the strength of selection acting on indel mutations. Here, we analyze indel polymorphism and divergence in different compartments of the Drosophila melanogaster genome: exons, introns of different lengths, and intergenic regions. Data on low-frequency polymorphisms indicate that 0.036–0.039 short (1–30 nt) insertion mutations and 0.085–0.092 short deletion mutations, with mean lengths 3.23 and 4.78, respectively, occur per single-nucleotide substitution. The excess of short deletion over short insertion mutations implies that indel mutations of these lengths should lead to a loss of approximately 0.30 nt per single-nucleotide replacement. However, polymorphism and divergence data show that this deletion bias is almost completely compensated by selection: Negative selection is stronger against deletions, whereas insertions are more likely to be favored by positive selection. Among the inframe low-frequency polymorphic mutations in exons, long introns, and intergenic regions, selection prevents a larger fraction of deletions (80–87%, depending on the type of the compartment) than of insertions (70–82%) or single-nucleotide substitutions (49–73%), from reaching high frequencies. The corresponding fractions were the lowest in short introns: 66%, 47%, and 15%, respectively, consistent with the weakest selective constraint in them. The McDonald–Kreitman test shows that 32–46% of the deletions and 60–73% of the insertions that were fixed in the recent evolution of D. melanogaster are adaptive, whereas this fraction is only 0–29% for single-nucleotide substitutions.
Procedures used by beginning and skilled readers to read unfamiliar letter strings

Abstract This paper reports investigations of the extent to which novice readers (Grades 1 and 3) and adult readers used different types of letter-sound units when reading aloud. Although differences in performance of children and adults were observed, all age groups used grapheme-phoneme units more frequently than they used bodies. Both children and adults were better at reading nonwords constructed from real word-bodies than at reading nonwords whose bodies did not exist in English words, except that Grade 1 children derived significantly less benefit from word bodies than did older readers. Word reading accuracy showed that these differences between Grade 1 and older readers were not attributable to unfamiliarity with the words containing the body units. Beginning readers can apply grapheme-phoneme correspondences by the end of Grade 1. Their skills improve so that accuracy in reading monosyllabic nonwords in Grade 5 is only slightly below adult performance. The contribution of body-level units increas.
Continuing education - practice in a family health unit: a descriptive study

Objetivo central: Conhecer a potencialidade para o processo de Educacao Permanente em Saude (EPS) de equipes de saude da familia. Metodo: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, com a proposta de pesquisa acao. Os dados serao coletados entre novembro de 2013 e fevereiro de 2014, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Tratar-se-a os dados por meio de analise do discurso do sujeito coletivo de Lefevre e Lefevre. Os sujeitos serao profissionais de saude das equipes de saude da familia Pilar III, IV e V do municipio de Duque de Caxias, RJ. Posteriormente, sera elaborado, coletivamente, um plano de intervencao para reestruturacao da EPS. Espera-se que o estudo possa contribuir para melhorar a EPS neste local e com isso, contribuir para uma assistencia melhor ao usuario. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE
GA based optimal design of network architecture for desired connectivity and traffic demand

Designing of a network which could fulfill most of the requirements is always a challenging task for a researcher. Often this happens either with manual approach or by applying some kind of conventional methods. In both cases results do not have high level of optimality. Evolutionary computation is a beacon of hope in handling complex design problems in an efficient manner. To reduce the effect of congestion, various approaches can be applied at different levels namely over Architecture level and Protocol level. The performance of a protocol completely depends upon the facilities available with existing architectures which are stagnant. Hence our research aims at improving the connectivity according to demand in the network having minimum cost of architecture, which is a better alternative and a very efficient way to handle network congestion and reliability. Such kind of network design is a very tedious task. Hence involment of intelligence incorporated into the network design for automatic synthesis is a must. Automation of this design in this paper is done using genetic algorithm. This paper proposes a technique based on Genetic algorithm, which uses a new method of two point crossover, a different and efficient technique of fitness evaluation and tournament selection. The simulations yielded an automatic network architecture which satisfied the requirement of connectivity and minimum cost, fulfilling the traffic demand all along for varying number of nodes and connectivity constraints.
Key-Aggregate Authentication Cryptosystem for Data Sharing in Dynamic Cloud Storage

Sharing encrypted data with different users via public cloud storage is an important research issue. This paper proposes a key-aggregate authentication cryptosystem. The cryptosystem generates a constant-size key that supports flexible delegation of decryption rights for any set of ciphertexts. The key-size is independent of the number of maximum ciphertexts such that the expense of our scheme is stable no matter how frequently users upload files to the cloud server dynamically. In addition, the authentication process in our scheme solves the key-leakage problem of data sharing. Data owner can extract an aggregated key which includes ciphertexts' indices, delegatee's identity and expiration date of the key. The cloud server obtains the identity of download-applicant from the key with public parameter and then controls download right. This paper proves that the authentication key cannot be fudged and the message in this key cannot be denied. In order to achieve efficient and secure data sharing in dynamic cloud storage, the proposed method should be stable in expense, and should be leakage-resilient. Our scheme can satisfy both requirements.
J-Viz: Sibling-First Recursive Graph Drawing for Visualizing Java Bytecode

We describe a graph visualization tool for visualizing Java bytecode. Our tool, which we call J-Viz, visualizes connected directed graphs according to a canonical node ordering, which we call the sibling-first recursive (SFR) numbering. The particular graphs we consider are derived from applying Shiver's k-CFA framework to Java bytecode, and our visualizer includes helpful links between the nodes of an input graph and the Java bytecode that produced it, as well as a decompiled version of that Java bytecode. We show through several case studies that the canonical drawing paradigm used in J-Viz is effective for identifying potential security vulnerabilities and repeated use of the same code in Java applications.
VMGuard: An Integrity Monitoring System for Management Virtual Machines

A cloud computing provider can dynamically allocate virtual machines (VM) based on the needs of the customers, while maintaining the privileged access to the Management Virtual Machine that directly manages the hardware and supports the guest VMs. The customers must trust the cloud providers to protect the confidentiality and integrity of their applications and data. However, as the VMs from different customers are running on the same host, an attack to the management virtual machine will easily lead to the compromise of the guest VMs. Therefore, it is critical for a cloud computing system to ensure the trustworthiness of management VMs. To this end, we propose VMGuard, an integrity monitoring and detecting system for management virtual machines in a distributed environment. VMGuard utilizes a special VM, Guard Domain, which runs on each physical node to monitor the co-resident management VMs. The integrity measurements collected by the Guard Domains are sent to the VMGuard server for safe store and independent analysis. The experimental evaluation of a Xen-based prototype shows that VMGuard can quickly detect the root kit attacks while the performance overhead is low.
Stachel-independent modulation of GPR56/ADGRG1 signaling by synthetic ligands directed to its extracellular region

Significance G protein-coupled receptors enable cells to sense extracellular signals and translate them into physiological responses. In addition to a transmembrane domain that transduces signals into the cytoplasm, adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) have large extracellular regions (ECRs) that interact with proteins in the extracellular space. The goal of this study is to elucidate how ECRs control aGPCR activation. We engineered synthetic binding proteins, termed monobodies, that bind specific domains in the ECR and showed that monobodies can activate or inhibit G-protein signaling. Our data conclusively establish the feasibility of controlling aGPCR signaling using ECR-targeted drug-like molecules and support a model in which ligand binding to the ECR can affect the transmembrane domain and modulate signal transduction. Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) play critical roles in diverse biological processes, including neurodevelopment and cancer progression. aGPCRs are characterized by large and diverse extracellular regions (ECRs) that are autoproteolytically cleaved from their membrane-embedded signaling domains. Although ECRs regulate receptor function, it is not clear whether ECRs play a direct regulatory role in G-protein signaling or simply serve as a protective cap for the activating “Stachel” sequence. Here, we present a mechanistic analysis of ECR-mediated regulation of GPR56/ADGRG1, an aGPCR with two domains [pentraxin and laminin/neurexin/sex hormonebinding globulin-like (PLL) and G protein-coupled receptor autoproteolysis-inducing (GAIN)] in its ECR. We generated a panel of high-affinity monobodies directed to each of these domains, from which we identified activators and inhibitors of GPR56-mediated signaling. Surprisingly, these synthetic ligands modulated signaling of a GPR56 mutant defective in autoproteolysis and hence, in Stachel peptide exposure. These results provide compelling support for a ligand-induced and ECR-mediated mechanism that regulates aGPCR signaling in a transient and reversible manner, which occurs in addition to the Stachel-mediated activation.
Distinct Functions of Glial and Neuronal Dystroglycan in the Developing and Adult Mouse Brain

Cobblestone (type II) lissencephaly and mental retardation are characteristic features of a subset of congenital muscular dystrophies that include Walker–Warburg syndrome, muscle-eye-brain disease, and Fukuyama-type congenital muscular dystrophy. Although the majority of clinical cases are genetically undefined, several causative genes have been identified that encode known or putative glycosyltransferases in the biosynthetic pathway of dystroglycan. Here we test the effects of brain-specific deletion of dystroglycan, and show distinct functions for neuronal and glial dystroglycan. Deletion of dystroglycan in the whole brain produced glial/neuronal heterotopia resembling the cerebral cortex malformation in cobblestone lissencephaly. In wild-type mice, dystroglycan stabilizes the basement membrane of the glia limitans, thereby supporting the cortical infrastructure necessary for neuronal migration. This function depends on extracellular dystroglycan interactions, since the cerebral cortex developed normally in transgenic mice that lack the dystroglycan intracellular domain. Also, forebrain histogenesis was preserved in mice with neuron-specific deletion of dystroglycan, but hippocampal long-term potentiation was blunted, as is also the case in the Largemyd mouse, in which dystroglycan glycosylation is disrupted. Our findings provide genetic evidence that neuronal dystroglycan plays a role in synaptic plasticity and that glial dystroglycan is involved in forebrain development. Differences in dystroglycan glycosylation in distinct cell types of the CNS may contribute to the diversity of dystroglycan function in the CNS, as well as to the broad clinical spectrum of type II lissencephalies.
Quantitative Analysis of PCA, ICA, LDA and SVM in Face Recognition

Face recognition is a technique to automatically identify or verify individuals. It receives a great attention in identification, authentication, security and many more applications. Diverse methods had been proposed for this purpose and also a lot of comparative studies were performed. However, researchers could not reach unified conclusion. In this paper, we are reporting an extensive quantitative accuracy analysis of four most widely used face recognition algorithms: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) using AT&T, Sheffield and Bangladeshi people face databases under diverse situations such as illumination, alignment and pose variations. Keywords—PCA, ICA, LDA, SVM, face recognition.
Improving inertial navigation systems with pedestrian locomotion classifiers

Researches on inertial navigation systems (INS) have formulated complex step detection algorithms and stride length estimations. But for current systems to work, INSs have to correctly identify negative pedestrian locomotion. Negative pedestrian locomotion are movements that a user can naturally make without any real position displacement, but has sensor signals that might be misidentified as steps. As the INS's modules have a cascading nature, it is important that these false movements are identified beforehand. This research aims to provide a solution by studying patterns exhibited by positive and negative pedestrian locomotion when sensors are placed on a user's front pocket. A model was then built to classify negative from positive pedestrian locomotion, and to improve the INS's accuracy overall.
REHABILITATION AFTER HIP FRACTURE IN PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA

To the Editor: The rehabilitation of patients with dementia who fracture their hip is associated with poor functional outcomes, although cognitive impairment is not a barrier to functional recovery per se. Even if the role of the environment in the care of patients with dementia is well known, limited data focusing on the best rehabilitation setting in postacute patients with dementia are available. Only a small number of studies have considered homebased rehabilitation (HBR) in older people after hip fracture, and none of them included subjects with cognitive impairment. In a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling subjects with hip fracture, we previously demonstrated that HBR and institutional-based rehabilitation (IBR) produce comparable results in terms of functional outcomes, even when subjects with premorbid cognitive impairment or functional disability are included in HBR. The aim of the present research was to evaluate functional recovery in patients with dementia who fracture their hip and to compare the effects of HBR and IBR. METHODS All the patients consecutively admitted to the Genoa Galliera Hospital (Italy) over the period of 1 year (2001) with an osteoporotic hip fracture were eligible for inclusion in the study if they were aged 70 and older, were living in the community at the time of fracture, had surgical stabilization of the fracture, were discharged alive, and had cognitive impairment as assessed using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). According to the score limits for SPMSQ (score range 0–10) proposed previously, patients with a SPMSQ score lower than 8 (score 0–7) were categorized as having dementia. As part of a comprehensive geriatric assessment, all the patients were evaluated for their ability to perform basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs; Barthel Index for ADLs and Lawton Index for IADLs), medical burden, and severity of illness (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS)). After surgical treatment, patients were discharged to a rehabilitation facility or a home care program based on their preferences. Different agencies of the healthcare system provided HBR and IBR. The specific content and duration of the training program therapy, described elsewhere, were left to the discretion of the individual therapists. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted at 3, 6, and 12 months to assess functional status using a questionnaire based on the Barthel Index, adapted for telephone interview. Baseline characteristics between subjects of the two rehabilitation settings (HBR vs IBR) were compared using
Mice Lacking T and B Lymphocytes Develop Transient Colitis and Crypt Hyperplasia yet Suffer Impaired Bacterial Clearance during Citrobacter rodentium Infection

ABSTRACT The bacterial pathogen Citrobacter rodentium belongs to a family of gastrointestinal pathogens that includes enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and is the causative agent of transmissible colonic hyperplasia in mice. The molecular mechanisms used by these pathogens to colonize host epithelial surfaces and form attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions have undergone intense study. In contrast, little is known about the host's immune response to these infections and its importance in tissue pathology and bacterial clearance. To address these issues, wild-type mice and mice lacking T and B lymphocytes (RAG1 knockout [KO]) were infected with C. rodentium. By day 10 postinfection (p.i.), both wild-type and RAG1 KO mice developed colitis and crypt hyperplasia, and these responses became more exaggerated in wild-type mice over the next 2 weeks, as they cleared the infection. By day 24 p.i. , bacterial clearance was complete, and the colitis had subsided; however, crypt heights remained increased. In contrast, inflammatory and crypt hyperplastic responses in the RAG1 KO mice were transient, subsiding after 2 weeks. By day 24 p.i. , RAG1 KO mice showed no signs of bacterial clearance and infection was often fatal. Surprisingly, despite remaining heavily infected, tissues from RAG1 KO mice surviving the acute colitis showed few signs of disease. These results thus emphasize the important contribution of the host immune response during infection by A/E bacterial pathogens. While T and/or B lymphocytes are essential for host defense against C. rodentium, they also mediate much of the tissue pathology and disease symptoms that occur during infection.
A Hard Look at Soft Concepts

What can only humans do? What can humans do that machines cannot? These questions have long been tantalizing scientists and philosophers. Many areas, such as creativity and humor, are traditionally considered to be outside the reach of computers. We believe that these territories define an intriguing set of challenges for computer science. We present two approaches for tackling such challenges - an axiomatic one and a data-driven one - and demonstrate our ideas on two real-world applications: finding narratives in large textual corpora and identifying humorous cartoon captions.
ANP based vertical handover algorithm for vehicular communication

Vertical handover (VHO) is an essential requirement to provide seamless connectivity in heterogeneous radio access networks (RAN) environment. Intelligent transportation system (ITS), which needs an “always best connected” communication to ensure vehicular safety, is an application of 4G that is characterized by heterogeneous RAN. A novel context aware vertical handover algorithm for vehicular communication is presented here. ANP (Analytic Network Process), which is a multi criteria decision making (MCDM) tool, is used for the development of algorithm and MATLAB/SIMULINK is used as simulation platform. The optimum network is selected, based on multiple factors such as network traffic load, velocity of mobile station, reliability, data rate, usage cost and initial delay of network, among the available networks such as WiMax, WLAN and UMTS. This algorithm is specific to vehicular communication system and hence variation in network selection with vehicle speed is shown considering five case studies.