Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social relationship discovery and face annotation in personal photo collection

As wider use of digital camera in these decades, photograph data from individuals increases dramatically. Many photos with different people are available on the Internet. It stimulates a strong demand on automatic face annotation. Moreover, it becomes more possible to discover potential social information from increasingly large photo collections. Every photo in a photo collection is not isolated. Instead, they are highly related as a whole to represent an event, such as a wedding. In a particular event, people would appear as a group following some rules, like families show up in a wedding and colleagues from the same research group in a conference. We also found that clues of closeness between people imply in photos as well. This paper explores social community from personal photo collection with modularity and proposes a method combining ensemble RBFNN with pairwise social relationship as context for recognizing people. Experiments on a conference photo album shows that a certain embedded social network with community structure is revealed. Our simple approach of face recognition with social context enhances the annotation performance when compared with the baseline method.
Missense mutations that cause Van der Woude syndrome and popliteal pterygium syndrome affect the DNA-binding and transcriptional activation functions of IRF6

Cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP) are common disorders that occur either as part of a syndrome, where structures other than the lip and palate are affected, or in the absence of other anomalies. Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) and popliteal pterygium syndrome (PPS) are autosomal dominant disorders characterized by combinations of cleft lip, CLP, lip pits, skin-folds, syndactyly and oral adhesions which arise as the result of mutations in interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6). IRF6 belongs to a family of transcription factors that share a highly conserved N-terminal, DNA-binding domain and a less well-conserved protein-binding domain. To date, mutation analyses have suggested a broad genotype–phenotype correlation in which missense and nonsense mutations occurring throughout IRF6 may cause VWS; in contrast, PPS-causing mutations are highly associated with the DNA-binding domain, and appear to preferentially affect residues that are predicted to interact directly with the DNA. Nevertheless, this genotype–phenotype correlation is based on the analysis of structural models rather than on the investigation of the DNA-binding properties of IRF6. Moreover, the effects of mutations in the protein interaction domain have not been analysed. In the current investigation, we have determined the sequence to which IRF6 binds and used this sequence to analyse the effect of VWS- and PPS-associated mutations in the DNA-binding domain of IRF6. In addition, we have demonstrated that IRF6 functions as a co-operative transcriptional activator and that mutations in the protein interaction domain of IRF6 disrupt this activity.
DSM‐IV combined type ADHD shows familial association with sibling trait scores: A sampling strategy for QTL linkage

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a discrete clinical syndrome characterized by the triad of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity in the context of marked impairments. Molecular genetic studies have been successful in identifying genetic variants associated with ADHD, particularly with DSM‐IV inattentive and combined subtypes. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) approaches to linkage and association mapping have yet to be widely used in ADHD research, although twin studies investigating individual differences suggest that genetic liability for ADHD is continuously distributed throughout the population, underscoring the applicability of quantitative dimensional approaches. To investigate the appropriateness of QTL approaches, we tested the familial association between 894 probands with a research diagnosis of DSM‐IV ADHD combined type and continuous trait measures among 1,135 of their siblings unselected for phenotype. The sibling recurrence rate for ADHD combined subtype was 12.7%, yielding a sibling recurrence risk ratio (λsib) of 9.0. Estimated sibling correlations around 0.2–0.3 are similar to those estimated from the analysis of fraternal twins in population twin samples. We further show that there are no threshold effects on the sibling risk for ADHD among the ADHD probands; and that both affected and unaffected siblings contributed to the association with ADHD trait scores. In conclusion, these data confirm the main requirement for QTL mapping of ADHD by demonstrating that narrowly defined DSM‐IV combined type probands show familial association with dimensional ADHD symptom scores amongst their siblings. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Managing rescue and relief operations using wireless mobile ad hoc technology, the best way?

The self-organizing and decentralized features of wireless mobile ad hoc networks make them suitable for a wide variety of applications. In this paper, we explore their use in rescue and relief applications in emergency situations. We propose to study the efficiency of some routing and MAC protocols under the Client-Server architecture. The presence of dynamic and adaptive routing and MAC protocols will enable ad hoc networks to be formed quickly, and ensure communications during the rescue operations. Extensive simulations were performed to show the impact of both the routing and MAC layer choice over multiple QoS parameters (delay, throughput, energy, etc.) in small and large scales rescue areas. We conclude the paper by some remarks that may be very useful for the relevant agencies to enhance the efficiency of rescue and relief operations.
Models from a Single View Image

In this project, we implemented a method of reconstructing a 3D scene from a single perspective view image. The image may be an arbitrary scene of outdoor that contains the ground plane and some urban structures like buildings and walls. In order to get the 3D geometry, users interactively set a reference unit square on the ground plane, a vertical vanishing point, and a reference height. As modeling the 3D scene by putting vertical rectangles and vertical cubes on the plane, users can align the geometry to minimize the geometrical error caused by the displacements of inferred points. Some other features like texture mapping and segmentation for erasing obstacles are implemented. In addition to the modeling program, we used a VRML viewer program to let users navigate through the reconstructed 3D scene. This VRML viewer is made for our previous class project and some features were added to enable better navigation.
Spatial statistics of snowmelt

The physical processes that govern meltwater flow through snow are complex and spatially variable. Remote sensing studies may be a cost-effective approach for studying these variations, and may help to scale the knowledge obtained from field-scale observations and experiments. This paper focuses on the analysis of spatial variability of reflectance obtained from infrared photographs of a snow surface. Geostatistical techniques are used to extract meaningful parameters, such as correlation range and orientation of anisotropy, that may eventually give insight into the basic governing processes of snowmelt. 2.2 Reflectance images Aerial photographs of snow-covered areas were taken using 70-mm Kodak Infrared Aerographic type 2424 film. Visible light sensitivity was attenuated with a yellow filter (Wratten No.12). Infrared film was used because snow reflectivity is sensitive in that spectral range (Nolin & Dozier, 1993). The aerial photographs were digitized to produce reflectance images. Each pixel of the digitized image has a value in the range of 0 to 255 that represents the relative reflectance of infrared light. Adsorptive materials, such as rocks, appear as low values, while reflective material, such as snow, have higher values. A site-average scale factor of 570 mm per pixel was determined by mapping the distance between recognizable features in the photographs. A sample image is shown in Figure 1. This image was selected because of the large continuous snowcovered areas and the high contrast in those areas. The extent of the image is approximately 290 m by 280 m. 0 50 100 150 200 250
Degree of Phosphorus Saturation and Soil Phosphorus Thresholds in an Ultisol Amended with Triple Superphosphate and Phosphate Rocks

Soil phosphorus (P) release capability could be assessed through the degree of P saturation (DPS). Our main objective was to determine DPS and, hence, P threshold DPS values of an Ultisol treated with triple superphosphate (TSP), Gafsa phosphate rocks (GPR), or Christmas Island phosphate rocks (CIPR), plus or minus manure. P release was determined by the iron oxide—impregnated paper strip (strip P), while DPS was determined from ammonium oxalate—extractable aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and P. Soils were sampled from a closed incubation study involving soils treated with TSP, GPR, and CIPR at 0–400 mg P kg-1, and a field study where soils were fertilized with the same P sources at 100–300 kg P ha-1 plus or minus manure. The DPS was significantly influenced by P source x P rate, P source x manure (incubated soils), and by P source x P rate x time (field-sampled soils). Incubated soil results indicated that both initial P and total strip P were related to DPS by exponential functions: initial strip P = 1.38exp0. 18DPS, R2 = 0.82** and total strip P = 8.01exp0. 13DPS, R2 = 0.65**. Initial strip P was linearly related to total P; total P = 2.45, initial P + 8.41, R2 = 0.85**. The threshold DPS value established was about 22% (incubated soil). Field soils had lower DPS values <12% and strip P was related to initial DPS and average DPS in exponential functions: strip P = 2.6exp0. 44DPS, R2 = 0.77** and strip P = 1.1DPS2 — 2.4DPS + 6.2, R2 = 0.58**, respectively. The threshold values were both at ≈8% and P release was 11–14 mg P kg-1. Results are evident that DPS can be used to predict P release, but the threshold values are environmentally sensitive; hence, recommendations should be based on field trials.
Quantification of Tenofovir in Human Plasma by Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With UV Detection

Background: Tenofovir is used in the treatment of HIV and hepatitis virus infections. The aim of this work was to develop and validate an high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection assay that can be implemented in most laboratories for the purposes of therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic studies. Methods: Two hundred microliters of plasma sample was used for the assay. Sample processing was carried out with solid-phase extraction. Tegafur was used as the internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 reverse-phase analytic column with a mobile phase consisting of sodium phosphate buffer (pH: 6.12; 20.0 mM)—acetonitrile—tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution (pH: 13.64; 1.14 mM) (90.0:10.0:0.3, v/v/v). The detection was at 262 nm, and the column oven was set at 35°C. Results: The linear range of the calibration curve was 20–2000 ng/mL (r > 0.999, n = 6). The absolute extraction recoveries were 97.4% ± 2.5% and 81.6% ± 0.8% for tenofovir and tegafur, respectively. The relative standard deviations were 2.3%–3.3% for the intraday and 2.8%–5.3% for the interday analyses. The accuracy was within 100% ± 7%. The successful application of this method in a pharmacokinetic study in Chinese HIV-infected patients confirmed its robustness and reliability. Conclusions: A validated and reproducible method has been established to quantify the concentration of tenofovir in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection.
Young adults’ hopes for the long-term future: from re-enchantment with technology to faith in humanity

ABSTRACT Recent scholarly research has claimed that young people are predominantly concerned with their immediate ‘horizon of planning’, resulting in an outlook upon the future that is dominated by present-day concerns. By distinguishing between choices and plans, on the one hand, and hope and faith, on the other, this article analyses how young people relate to the future through their attitudes about responsibility and technology in order to complicate this narrative. The data are drawn from an interview project in which 28 young adults (aged 18–34) discuss both their own future and a general idea of the future of society. Two key findings are discussed. Firstly, respondents are found to place faith in the potential of technology to mitigate future predicaments, and secondly, respondents are found to ascribe mystical or magical qualities to technology. Drawing on these findings, this article suggests that the oft-cited attitude that technology will develop in time to meet the needs of the future does not simply signify a deferral of responsibility onto future generations. Instead, by drawing on scholarship on re-enchantment it is argued that for young adults technological development can represent a refuge of faith and hope for the future.
A new entomopoxvirus from a cockroach: light and electron microscopy.

The cockroach entomopoxvirus caused a chronic infection in cultures of the German cockroach Blattella germanica. Heavily infected specimens showed a reduced mobility. Ellipsoid virus occlusion bodies (8 x 5 to 19 x 12 microm) were found intracellularly in tracheole cells, in the hypodermis, in fat body cells, and in muscles. Several hundred virus particles were integrated in a single occlusion body (OB), their long axis being oriented axially. Ovoid viroids measured 320 x 190 nm and possessed a unilateral, concave core and one lateral body. Starting occlusion, small granules attached to the virus particles which later transformed to a beaded, wavy envelope. An initial halo around the occluded virions disappeared in more central regions of the OB. Virus particles were formed either in a dense cytoplasmic area containing electron-dense viroids, or in a loosely aggregated viroplasm. In the latter, developmental stages were mainly represented by spheres with double membranes enclosing granular material. Spindles and larger crystal-like virus-free inclusion bodies occurred in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of infected cells appeared degenerated and the chromatin of the nuclei condensed at the periphery or disintegrated. Taxonomically, the described virus exhibits features of both EPV genus A and EPV genus B. Provisory it is named Blattella germanica EPV (BgEPV). A possible use of the cockroach EPV as a biological control agent is discussed.
Global Concerns and Local Realities

Inclusive education is a global phenomenon expressed differently in various countries, and different contextual realities support or constrain the process of making education more inclusive. This column reports on an international conference on inclusive education in Johannesburg, South Africa, which provided the opportunity for delegates to share research on dismantling educational exclusion and enabling inclusion. An analysis of conference abstracts reveals five concerns in making education inclusive that are shared across the developing and developed world. These are: students who experience difficulties, listening to understand inclusion and exclusion, teacher education for inclusive education, research issues in inclusive education, and systemwide implementation and evaluation.
EXTRACTING RULES FROM IMBALANCED DATA: THE CASE OF CREDIT SCORING

Credit scoring is an important topic, and banks collect different data from their loan applicant to make an appropriate and correct decision. Rule bases are of more attention in credit decision making because of their ability to explicitly distinguish between good and bad applicants. The credit scoring datasets are usually imbalanced. This is mainly because the number of good applicants in a portfolio of loan is usu ally much higher than the number of loans that default. This paper use previous applied rule bases in credit scoring, including RIPPER, OneR, Decision table, PART and C4.5 to study the reliability and results of sampling on its own dataset. A real database of one of an Iranian export development bank is used and, imbalanced data issues are investigated by randomly Oversampling the minority class of defaulters, and three times under sampling of majority of non -defaulters class. The performance criterion chosen to measure the reliability of rule extractors is the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy and number of rules. Friedman’s statistic is used to test for significance differences between techniques and datasets. The results from study show that PART is better and good and bad samples of data affect its results less.
Dancing Lessons for Leaders: Experiencing the Artistic Mindset

An account of a four-year arts-based leadership development programme conducted at a leading UK business school on behalf of a major oil and gas exploration company, with special focus on the dance-related aspects of the programme. The programme, designed and led by Dr Mark Powell, one of the authors of the article, aimed to change the behaviour and mindset of project managers responsible for multi-million-pound capital projects, using experiential learning to encourage a more flexible, reactive approach to highly complex scenarios and a more collaborative, “ensemble” approach to working with outside partners governments, project partners, contractors and others – leading to improved organizational performance. Delegates worked with jazz musicians, ballroom dancers, a classical conductor and choral group, an ex-Royal Shakespeare Company director, poets, artists and psychologists, amongst others. The dance-related sessions, facilitated by Dr Mark Powell, himself a championshipwinning ballroom dancer and a management consultant, are described in detail. The programme set out to give delegates a physical experience of the performing arts by means of intimately experienced demonstrations by artists and simple related exercises. The article gives feedback and comments on the programme’s outcomes drawn from interviews conducted by the authors with delegates and with the client executives responsible for commissioning and directing the programme.
On the capacity of the fading broadcast channel with state feedback

This paper studies the capacity of the two-user memoryless fading MISO broadcast channel, where the channel states are assumed to be fully known at the destinations but only known strictly causally-state feedback-at the transmitter. We derive an inner and an outer bound on the capacity region of this channel. Numerical results reveal the SNR regimes in which state feedback is beneficial in terms of sum-rate. Our results-in contrast to similar works focusing on degrees of freedom-appears to be the first step toward a better understanding of the advantage of state feedback in moderate SNR regimes.
Neonatal Intensive Care

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine www.pccmjournal. org 963 Objectives: Outborn (born outside tertiary centers) infants, especially extremely preterm infants, are at an increased risk of mortality and morbidity in comparison to inborn (born in tertiary centers) infants. Extremely preterm infants require not only skilled neonatal healthcare providers but also highly specialized equipment and environment surroundings. Maternal transport at an appropriate timing must be done to avoid the delivery of extremely preterm infants in a facility without the necessary capabilities. Cases of unexpected deliveries at birth centers or level I maternity hospitals need to be attended emergently. We compared the differences in shortand long-term outcomes between outborn and inborn infants to improve our regional perinatal system. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Neonatal Research Network of Japan database. Patients: Extremely preterm infants (gestational age between 22 + 0 and 27 + 6 wk) in the Neonatal Research Network of Japan database between 2003 and 2011. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 12,164 extremely preterm infants, who were divided into outborn (n = 785, 6.5%) and inborn (n = 11,379, 93.5%) groups, were analyzed. Significant differences were observed in demographic and clinical factors between the two groups. Outborn infants had higher short-term odds of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11–2.00; p < 0.01), necrotizing enterocolitis (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11–2.00; p < 0.01), and focal intestinal perforation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.09–2.30; p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in long-term outcomes between the two groups, except in the rate of cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.01– 2.20; p = 0.04). Conclusions: The frequency of severe intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis or focal intestinal perforation, and cognitive impairment was significantly higher in outborn infants. Thus, outborn/inborn birth status may play a role in shortand long-term outcomes of extremely preterm infants. However, more data and evaluation of improvement in the current perinatal environment are needed. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2019; 20:963–969)
White, W. & Gasperin, D. (2006). Addiction Treatment and Recovery: A Primer for Criminal Justice Personnel. Springfield, IL: University of Illinois-Springfield Center for Legal and Policy Studies. Addiction Treatment and Recovery: A Primer for Criminal Justice Personnel 1

For more than a decade, the Illinois Department of Transportation’s Division of Traffic Safety, the University of Illinois-Springfield’s Center for Legal, Policy and Administrative Studies, the Administrative Office of the Illinois Courts and Chestnut Health Systems research and training division (Lighthouse Institute) have been involved in training the criminal justice personnel who prosecute, sentence and supervise DUI offenders. As that training has progressed, we have explored questions about the role of addiction treatment in the rehabilitation of substance-involved offenders and how the criminal justice system can best link individuals to treatment, support treatment participation, reduce post-treatment criminal recidivism and enhance long-term recovery outcomes. The purpose of this primer is to offer tentative answers to these questions for the prosecutors, judges, probation officers and Secretary of State Hearing Officers who stand as a protective shield between substance-involved offenders and the citizens of Illinois. Information from several sources provided an important skeleton for this primer: 1) an earlier monograph on Management of the High-Risk DUI Offender (White, 2003), 2) the Center for Substance Abuse Treatment’s pamphlet What is Substance Abuse Treatment, 3) Questions and Answers About Adolescent Substance Use Problems and their Treatment (Risberg and White, 2003a,b) and 4) the Great Lakes Addiction Technology Transfer Center’s monograph The Varieties of Recovery Experience (White and Kurtz, 2005). Our focus in this primer is to summarize the best available scientific information on the treatment of offenders with substance use disorders. Where that evidence is lacking due to a shortage of funded studies on a particular issue, we have tried to summarize the latest thinking on that issue drawn from our own experience and the experience of criminal justice and addiction treatment personnel from around the country. We hope this primer will serve as a helpful orientation for new and long-tenured personnel working in the criminal justice system.