Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Type I Congenital Plasminogen Deficiency Is not a Risk Factor for Thrombosis

Summary The risk of thrombosis in type I congenital plasminogen (PLG) deficiency has been suggested, but is still not confirmed. We studied 40 members of two unrelated families with this disease, and found that 21 were heterozygotes of type I congenital PLG deficiency. Three of them had thrombosis, but the other 18 had no thrombosis. The percentages of family members with no history of thrombosis up to a given age among subjects with type I congenital PLG deficiency and healthy controls were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. No significant difference between the two groups was observed by the generalized Wilcoxon test (p = 0.23). These results suggest that there is no significant correlation between type I congenital PLG deficiency and thrombosis.
On the influence of phase noise induced ICI in MIMO OFDM systems

The influence of transmitter and receiver phase noise (PN) on the performance of a multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO OFDM) based communication system is analyzed. It is shown that in the case of frequency flat Rayleigh fading, the influence of receiver and transmitter PN is equal. In the case of independent Rayleigh fading, however, the impact of the receiver PN is shown to depend on the ratio between the number of transmit and receive branches.
Virtual Fitting, Selection, and Cutting of Preformed Anatomic Orbital Implants.

PURPOSE To evaluate the usage of preoperative digital anatomic implant evaluation in internal orbital fractures. METHODS An IRB-approved review of cases of orbital fracture repair was conducted and cases where digital implant modeling was performed were selected for comprehensive review. The surgical time of these cases was also compared with surgeon and implant matched controls. RESULTS A total of 25 patients and 26 orbits underwent preoperative virtual fitting and were reviewed. There were no complications or revision surgeries needed. Postoperative assessment demonstrated accuracy to the preoperative target with an average maximum deviation of 1.9 mm. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative digital fracture assessment, implant manufacturer and size selection, and virtual cutting guide creation provides additional tools for orbital surgeons to achieve anatomic restoration without significant differences in operating time.
Informal Youth Organizations: A General Model*

An attempt is made to construct an ideal type of informal youth organization having the following components: an active, expressive pattern of action, multi-dimensional patterns of performances, symmetric relationships among participants, a dual structure, and the principle of moratorium; all these are based on a high degree of voluntary participation. These components are related (in an organizational framework) to such outcomes as the generation of value commitment, the integration of various strata, and mediation between childhood and adulthood. The paper exposes a dilemma: how to semi-institutionalize these organizations in an attempt to diminish the risk of developing antisocial commitment and at the same time to preserve their unique properties.
Induction of chondrogenesis: requirement for synergistic interaction of basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta.

Interactions between the epithelial anlage of the developing mouse inner ear and its associated periotic mesenchyme control the differentiation of the cartilaginous otic capsule. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is a naturally occurring signal peptide that is present in these tissues at times of active differentiation and morphogenesis. Previous studies have shown that TGF-beta 1 alone is not a sufficient stimulus to initiate chondrogenesis in cultured periotic mesenchyme. In this study, we provide evidence that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can elicit a specific but limited chondrogenic response in cultured periotic mesenchymal cells. We also demonstrate that simultaneous addition of bFGF and TGF-beta 1 to cultured periotic mesenchyme results in a full chondrogenic response comparable to that which occurs when periotic mesenchyme is grown in the presence of its natural inductor tissue (i.e. otic epithelium). Utilizing antibodies directed against bFGF, we show localization of endogenous bFGF in the otic epithelium in vivo and in mixed epithelial-mesenchymal cultures. Additionally, we demonstrate the presence of FGF-like activity in medium conditioned by otic epithelium. Blocking of epithelial elicited chondrogenesis by a combination of both alpha bFGF and alpha TGF-beta 1 antibodies provides further evidence of the necessity for these growth factors in the chondrogenic differentiation of periotic mesenchyme in vitro. Our results suggest a role for both bFGF and TGF-beta 1 in the regulation of chondrogenesis during otic capsule formation in situ.
Pfam: A comprehensive database of protein domain families based on seed alignments

Databases of multiple sequence alignments are a valuable aid to protein sequence classification and analysis. One of the main challenges when constructing such a database is to simultaneously satisfy the conflicting demands of completeness on the one hand and quality of alignment and domain definitions on the other. The latter properties are best dealt with by manual approaches, whereas completeness in practice is only amenable to automatic methods. Herein we present a database based on hidden Markov model profiles (HMMs), which combines high quality and completeness. Our database, Pfam, consists of parts A and B. Pfam‐A is curated and contains well‐characterized protein domain families with high quality alignments, which are maintained by using manually checked seed alignments and HMMs to find and align all members. Pfam‐B contains sequence families that were generated automatically by applying the Domainer algorithm to cluster and align the remaining protein sequences after removal of Pfam‐A domains. By using Pfam, a large number of previously unannotated proteins from the Caenorhabditis elegans genome project were classified. We have also identified many novel family memberships in known proteins, including new kazal, Fibronectin type III, and response regulator receiver domains. Pfam‐A families have permanent accession numbers and form a library of HMMs available for searching and automatic annotation of new protein sequences. Proteins: 28:405–420, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Efficient Approach for Assessing Hyperparameter Importance

The performance of many machine learning methods depends critically on hyperparameter settings. Sophisticated Bayesian optimization methods have recently achieved considerable successes in optimizing these hyperparameters, in several cases surpassing the performance of human experts. However, blind reliance on such methods can leave end users without insight into the relative importance of different hyperparameters and their interactions. This paper describes efficient methods that can be used to gain such insight, leveraging random forest models fit on the data already gathered by Bayesian optimization. We first introduce a novel, linear-time algorithm for computing marginals of random forest predictions and then show how to leverage these predictions within a functional ANOVA framework, to quantify the importance of both single hyperparameters and of interactions between hyperparameters. We conducted experiments with prominent machine learning frameworks and state-of-the-art solvers for combinatorial problems. We show that our methods provide insight into the relationship between hyperparameter settings and performance, and demonstrate that--even in very highdimensional cases--most performance variation is attributable to just a few hyperparameters.
The KIT Robo-kitchen data set for the evaluation of view-based activity recognition systems

Human action and activity recognition from videos has attracted an increasing number of researchers in recent years. However, most of the works aim at multimedia retrieval and surveillance applications, but rarely at humanoid household robots, even though the robotic perception of human activities would allow a more natural human-robot interaction (HRI). To encourage future studies in this domain, we present in this work a novel data set specifically designed for the application in HRI scenarios. This Robo-kitchen data set consists of 14 typical kitchen activities recorded in two different stereo-camera setups, and each performed by 17 subjects. To establish a baseline for future work, we extend a state-of-the-art action recognition method to be applicable on the activity classification problem and evaluate it on the Robo-kitchen data set showing promising results.
Exploring the use of hip hop music in participatory research studies that involve youth

This article explores the use of hip hop in participatory research studies. The article was informed by a research process that explored the identity construction process of female late adolescents who identified strongly with hip hop music. Hip hop music constituted an integral component of the research process, as it was used to stimulate participation. It was also used to prompt reflection and engagement with the Self. Participatory research methods, namely drawings and lyric inquiry, were used in conjunction with hip hop music to elicit narrative data. The findings illustrate that the use of hip hop music was beneficial as it prompted profound engagement with the Self. Hip hop music provided the participants with spaces within which they could reflect on and articulate the continual, interactional and situational dimensions of their lives. These reflections ultimately initiated agency, as it prompted them to contemplate empowerment and liberation. As such, we argue that hip hop music can serve as transformative data-generation stimulus in participatory research projects involving adolescents who identify with this genre.
Shared academic values: testing a model of the association between Hong Kong parents’ and adolescents’ perception of the general value of science and scientific literacy

This study investigated parent general value of science operationalized in the 2006 questionnaire of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), as a determinant of adolescents’ scientific literacy performance. The transmission of academic values literature is small. To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies to date have examined the transmission of valuing of science. Study data were drawn from PISA 2006, which focused on science. The study sample comprised 4645 15-year-old adolescents in Hong Kong. Results from the conceptual structural model indicated that parental academic values (general value of science): (a) positively and directly affected adolescents’ valuing of science and in turn further influenced adolescents’ science performance, (b) positively and directly affected adolescents’ science performance, and (c) stimulated adolescents’ motivation to study science and in turn further influenced their science performance. Implications for school-level policy and practice include: (a) promoting parental valuing of science via parent involvement and (b) producing culturally and contextually grounded evidence on strategies for enhancing the transmission of academic values using research methodologies such as action research.
The Effects of Employee Attitudes on Workplace Charitable Donations

ABSTRACT The objectives of this paper are to examine the effects of employee attitudes toward the employer on workplace monetary donations at two levels: (1) to see if there is a significant difference between the attitudes of employees who make workplace contributions and those who do not; and (2) to examine whether awareness of employer charitable contributions moderate the relationship between employee attitudes and donating behavior. Employee attitudes include organizational commitment and job satisfaction. The research questions are examined in the context of workplace contributions made to a regional branch of United Way. The results indicate that organizational commitment scores exhibited by employees who made workplace contributions, and who were aware that their employer was also making corporate donations were significantly higher than the commitment for employees who did not make workplace contributions. No significant relationships were found for job satisfaction.
Evaluation of shoulder girdle strength more than 12 month after modified radical mastectomy and axillary nodes dissection

Background: Muscle strength is necessary for upper body normal function. Upper extremity function impairments have been reported in breast cancer (BC) survivors. It is not possible to know precisely if cancer adjuvant therapy such as radiation and chemotherapy had any effect on the unaffected arm. The aim of this study was to compare shoulder girdle strength among women with BC and similarly aged women without cancer. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three postmenopausal women (51 ± 6.46 years) with BC who underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy and 30 healthy postmenopausal women (53.26 ± 5.05 years) were selected. Muscle strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer for flexion, horizontal adduction, internal and external rotation, scapular abduction and upward rotation, scapular depression, and adduction. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (P < 0.05). Results: The findings indicated significant differences between groups of 6 of the shoulder girdle strength measure (flexion (P = 0.003), internal rotation (P = 0.001), external rotation (P = 0.040), scapular abduction and upward rotation (P = 0.001), scapular depression and adduction (P = 0.025), and shoulder horizontal adduction (P = 0.00)). Patients showed significantly lower strength compared with healthy controls (flexion = 34.3%, abd = 64.2%, int.rot = 51.2%, ext.rot = 32.4%, hor.add = 58.06, and depression = 35.2%). Conclusion: The results indicate that the shoulder girdle strength in women with BC decreased compared with healthy women without BC. Therefore, during the treatment of patients with BC, designing of training programs and rehabilitation programs need to be performed on shoulder girdle strength factors in patients undergoing mastectomy with axillary surgery and radiation therapy.
Positive Polynomials and Sums of Squares : Theory and Practice

If a real polynomial f in n variables can be written as a sum of squares of real polynomials, then clearly f must take only nonnegative values in R. This simple, but powerful, fact and generalizations of it underlie a large body of theoretical and computational results concerning positive polynomials and sums of squares. An explicit expression of f as a sum of squares is a certificate of positivity for f , i.e., a polynomial identity which gives an immediate proof of the positivity of of f on R. In recent years, much work has been devoted to the study of certificates of positivity for polynomials. In this paper we will give an overview of some recent results in the theory and practice of positivity and sums of squares, with detailed references to the literature. By “theory”, we mean theoretical results concerning the existence of certificates of positivity. By “practice”, we mean work on computational and algorithmic issues, such as finding certificates of positivity for a given polynomial. For the most part, we restrict results to those in a real polynomial ring. This is somewhat misleading, since it is impossible to prove most of the results for polynomials without using a more abstract approach. For example, in order to obtain a solution to Hilbert’s 17th problem, it was necessary for Artin (along with Schreier) to first develop the theory of ordered fields! The reader should keep in mind that underneath the theorems in this paper lie the elegant and beautiful subjects of Real Algebra and Real Algebraic Geometry, among others. The subject of positivity and sums of squares has been well-served by its expositors. There are a number of books and survey articles devoted to various aspects of the subject. Here we mention a few of these that the interested reader could consult for more details and background on the topics covered in this paper, as well as related topics that are not ∗Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322. Email: vicki@mathcs.emory. edu.
OxyBS: estimation of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine from tandem-treated oxidative bisulfite and bisulfite DNA

UNLABELLED The use of sodium bisulfite (BS) treatment followed by hybridization to an Illumina Infinium BeadChip (HumanMethylation450 and MethylationEPIC) is a common method for interrogating 5-methylcytosine (5mC) at single nucleotide resolution. However, standard treatment of DNA with BS does not allow disambiguation of 5mC from an additional cytosine modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Recently, it has been demonstrated that paired BS and oxidative bisulfite (oxBS) treatment on the same sample followed by hybridization to an Infinium microarray permits the differentiation of 5hmC from 5mC. Nevertheless, estimation of 5hmC and 5mC from tandem-treated arrays has been shown to produce irregular estimates of cytosine modifications. RESULTS We present a novel method using maximum likelihood estimation to accurately estimate the parameters of unmethylated cytosine (5C), 5mC and 5hmC from Infinium microarray data given the signal intensities from the oxBS and BS replicates. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION OxyBS is an R package available on CRAN. CONTACT Andres.Houseman@oregonstate.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Borderline Personality Disorder: Exceptions to the Concept of Responsible and Competent

Aim: This article examines whether neurocognitive deficits or age prevents people with borderline personality disorder from being considered responsible and competent. Method: A review of the literature was undertaken relating to borderline personality disorder (BPD), personal responsibility and competency. Result: Neither neurobiological differences nor age automatically disqualify the person with BPD from being responsible and competent for decisions relating to their own life and death. Conclusion: Clinical, legal and ethical literature support this result and thereby re-establishes a basis for the recognition and respect of an individual's dignity.
Low-level and high-level modulations of fixational saccades and high frequency oscillatory brain activity in a visual object classification task

Until recently induced gamma-band activity (GBA) was considered a neural marker of cortical object representation. However, induced GBA in the electroencephalogram (EEG) is susceptible to artifacts caused by miniature fixational saccades. Recent studies have demonstrated that fixational saccades also reflect high-level representational processes. Do high-level as opposed to low-level factors influence fixational saccades? What is the effect of these factors on artifact-free GBA? To investigate this, we conducted separate eye tracking and EEG experiments using identical designs. Participants classified line drawings as objects or non-objects. To introduce low-level differences, contours were defined along different directions in cardinal color space: S-cone-isolating, intermediate isoluminant, or a full-color stimulus, the latter containing an additional achromatic component. Prior to the classification task, object discrimination thresholds were measured and stimuli were scaled to matching suprathreshold levels for each participant. In both experiments, behavioral performance was best for full-color stimuli and worst for S-cone isolating stimuli. Saccade rates 200–700 ms after stimulus onset were modulated independently by low and high-level factors, being higher for full-color stimuli than for S-cone isolating stimuli and higher for objects. Low-amplitude evoked GBA and total GBA were observed in very few conditions, showing that paradigms with isoluminant stimuli may not be ideal for eliciting such responses. We conclude that cortical loops involved in the processing of objects are preferentially excited by stimuli that contain achromatic information. Their activation can lead to relatively early exploratory eye movements even for foveally-presented stimuli.
Balanced electronic detection of displacement in nanoelectromechanical systems

We describe a broadband radio frequency balanced bridge technique for electronic detection of displacement in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). With its two-port actuation-detection configuration, this approach generates a background-nulled electromotive force in a dc magnetic field that is proportional to the displacement of the NEMS resonator. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique by detecting small impedance changes originating from NEMS electromechanical resonances that are accompanied by large static background impedances at very high frequencies. This technique allows the study of important experimental systems such as doped semiconductor NEMS and may provide benefits to other high frequency displacement transduction circuits.
Can Nodular Hyperplasia of the Thyroid Gland be Differentiated From Follicular Adenoma and Follicular Carcinoma by Ultrasonography?

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic features for differentiation of follicular thyroid lesions. Methods Ultrasonographic features of surgically confirmed 56 follicular adenoma (FA), 22 follicular carcinoma (FC), and 100 nodular hyperplasia (NH) were evaluated using univariable and multivariable multinomial logistic regression analyses, receiver operating characteristic analyses, and areas under the curve. Results Tumor diameter, margin, echotexture, cystic changes, calcification, hypoechoic rim, and vascularity were significant on univariable analysis. On multivariable logistic regression analyses, tumor diameter (FA, P = 0.002; odds ratio [OR], 0.75; FC, P = 0.001; OR, 2.02), absence of cystic changes (FA, P = 0.127; OR, 2.21; FC, P ⩽ 0.001; OR, 17.74), absence of spongiform appearance (FA, P = 0.234; OR, 0.31; FC, P < 0.001; OR, 1673.46), and peripheral vascularity (FA, P = 0.004; OR, 26.64; FC, P < 0.001; OR, 145060.38) differed significantly among the 3 follicular lesions, with NH as a reference. The areas under the curve for NH, FA, and FC were 0.844, 0.858, and 0.705, respectively, and diagnostic accuracy was 72.6%. Conclusions Tumor diameter, cystic changes, spongiform appearance, and peripheral vascularity differed significantly among follicular lesions. The diagnostic capability was moderate.