Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a multilayered wide-ranged torque magnetorheological brake

This paper presents the design of a multilayered magnetorheological brake from modelling to prototyping and characterization. A magnetostatic model intended to provide a specific magnetic flux density over a fluid gap regardless of the dimensions of the fluid surface is proposed. The ferromagnetic path and the coil are dimensioned in consequence. The model needs only three inputs to completely define the brake, i.e. the number of fluid gaps, the inner radius of the smallest fluid gap and the fluid gap depth. The evaluation criteria are defined by the torque density, the controllability and the reactivity, described as a function of the dimensions and the number of fluid gaps. The model has been optimized to improve the torque density. The brake has four fluid gaps and has been built and characterized. The expected torque when the fluid reaches the desired induction is 3.4 N m and the measured torque is 3.6 N m. This represents a relative error of 5.5%. The brake has 60 mm diameter, 39 mm width with a hollow shaft of 12 mm diameter. When exploited up to complete saturation, the measured torque is 5.3 N m with 19 W power consumption. The brake has a torque density of 48.1 kN m−2 and a maximum-to-minimum torque ratio of 176, with 50 ms electromechanical time constant.
Contextual equivalence for higher-order pi-calculus revisited

The higher-order pi-calculus is an extension of the pi-calculus to allow communication of abstractions of processes rather than names alone. It has been studied intensively by Sangiorgi in his thesis where a characterisation of a contextual equivalence for higher-order pi-calculus is provided using labelled transition systems and normal bisimulations. Unfortunately the proof technique used there requires a restriction of the language to only allow finite types. We revisit this calculus and offer an alternative presentation of the labelled transition system and a novel proof technique which allows us to provide a fully abstract characterisation of contextual equivalence using labelled transitions and bisimulations for higher-order pi-calculus with recursive types also.
Gloss Estimating Method of Finished Surface Machined by Ball Nose End-Milling under Constant Contact Angle with a Five-Axis Controlled Machining Center

In recent years, studies have been conducted about creating metal moulds using a five-axis controlled machining centre with ball end milling. Most of these reports concern the programming of CAM based on geometry. However, there have been few reports related to polish-less finished surface. Furthermore, a specular surface like a mirror and finishing under a constant angle between ball end milling and the work piece have not been investigated. Therefore, this paper deals with the gloss of the machined surface when feed rate and pick-feed rate are changed to maintain constant surface roughness considering tool run-out under the condition that the angle between the tool and work piece in contact are inclined at 15. However, by changing the combination of feed rate and pick-feed rate, various specular changes and direction of disposition of reflected light were obtained. Therefore, we suggest a new method of evaluating the gloss of these finished surfaces. Comparing results by the proposed method with ones by a glossmeter, it is clear that an appropriate ratio of feed rate and pick-feed rate is important for obtaining finished surface. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the proposed method is effective for estimating the gloss of the machined surface.
A Computational Approach to Predict the Regulation of Antioxidant Enzyme, Catalase in the Plant Defence Mechanism

defense system protects themselves from pathogens in two ways by preformed mechanisms and through infection-induced responses of the immune system. It is always apparent as a restriction of pathogen growth and spread to a little zone around the infected area. During localized cell death, the visible necrotic lesion evokes up and induces the programmed cell death (apoptosis). Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) will be helpful to the infected plants after a period of 5-7 days. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone essential for the immunity in plants. SA has been found to involve in the control of microbe/pathogen- associated molecular pattern triggered immunity, effector- triggered immunity and system acquired resistance (SAR). The binding modes and the bonding pattern between salicylic acid and the enzyme catalase is still unknown. In our study, the different binding modes of salicylic acid in different pockets were analyzed. Among the chosen pockets, the best probable binding pocket was identified computationally based on the binding energy, intra-molecular energy, internal energy and inhibition constant between two molecules. Keywordsacquired resistance, Binding pocket, Binding energy, Docking
Calculation of the optical constants of amorphous [(As2S3):(As2Se3)]1-x: Snx thin films

The modifications of optical parameters (optical band gap Eg, absorption coefficient α, refractive index n) under light irradiation by He-Ne laser of the amorphous thin films with different amount of Sn were measured and calculated. In the present work the transmission spectra of bulk and thin films of [(As2S3)0.5:(As2Se3)0.5]1-x:Snx (x=0; 1; 2 at.%) in the visible and middle infrared (IR) regions were studied. The red shift of the fundamental absorption edge under light exposure was observed, and the values of the optical band gap Eg opt from the graphics in Tauc coordinates (α hν)1/2=A(hν - Eg) were obtained. The dispersion of the refractive index was examined. The relaxation of the relative optical transmission T/T0=f(t) under the light exposure (λ=633nm and λ=543nm) for amorphous [(As2S3)0.5:(As2Se3)0.5]1-x:Snx thin films also was investigated. The relaxation curves of photodarkening under light irradiation were processing using the stretched exponential presentation of the data: T(t)/T(0) = A0+Aexp[-(t-t0)/τ] (1-β), where t is the exposure time, τ is the apparent time constant, A characterizes the exponent amplitude, t0 and A0 are the initial coordinates, and β is the dispersion parameter (0
Mirna Expression Profiles Identify Drivers in Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancers

Background and Aim Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) hallmarks many cancer types. The study of the associations of miRNA expression profile and cancer phenotype could help identify the links between deregulation of miRNA expression and oncogenic pathways. Methods Expression profiling of 866 human miRNAs in 19 colorectal and 17 pancreatic cancers and in matched adjacent normal tissues was investigated. Classical paired t-test and random forest analyses were applied to identify miRNAs associated with tissue-specific tumors. Network analysis based on a computational approach to mine associations between cancer types and miRNAs was performed. Results The merge between the two statistical methods used to intersect the miRNAs differentially expressed in colon and pancreatic cancers allowed the identification of cancer-specific miRNA alterations. By miRNA-network analysis, tissue-specific patterns of miRNA deregulation were traced: the driving miRNAs were miR-195, miR-1280, miR-140-3p and miR-1246 in colorectal tumors, and miR-103, miR-23a and miR-15b in pancreatic cancers. Conclusion MiRNA expression profiles may identify cancer-specific signatures and potentially useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of tissue specific cancers. miRNA-network analysis help identify altered miRNA regulatory networks that could play a role in tumor pathogenesis.
Injury of skeletal muscle and specific cytokines induce the expression of gap junction channels in mouse dendritic cells

Dendritic cells (DCs) in culture express at least connexin43, a protein subunit of gap junctions, and form gap junction channels, which could be important for T‐cells activation. Here, we evaluated whether DCs express connexins in vivo and also to identify components of their microenvironment that regulate the functional expression of gap junctions. In vivo studies were performed in lymph nodes of mice under control conditions or after skeletal muscle damage. In double immunolabeling studies, connexin45 was frequently detected in DEC205+ DCs in lymph nodes of control animals, whereas connexin43 was rarely found in DCs. However, connexin43 was upregulated in DCs after skeletal muscle damage. Upregulation of connexin43 gene expression by tissue damage was also confirmed in mice carrying a β‐galactosidase reporter gene in a connexin43 allele. The effect of several cytokines on the expression of functional gap junctions between cultured DCs was also tested. Under control conditions, cultured DCs did not communicate via gap junctions. However, after treatment with keratinocyte‐conditioned medium or cytokine mixtures containing at least TNF‐α and IL‐1β, they became transiently coupled through a pathway sensitive to octanol, a gap junction blocker. Cellular coupling induced by effective cytokine mixtures was prevented by IL‐6. Single cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IFN‐γ, or IL‐6) or other mixtures than the described above did not induce coupling via gap junctions. Increased levels of connexin43 and connexin45 protein and mRNA accompanied the appearance of cellular coupling. These studies provide demonstration of connexin expression and regulation by specific danger signals in DCs. J. Cell. Physiol. 211: 649–660, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimal structures for social systems

Purpose – This paper seeks to propose an innovative approach to the assessment of the effectiveness of organizational structures.Design/methodology/approach – Explores a concept for the measurement of the fractal dimensionality of living organisms, applying it from biology to social organizations.Findings – The fractal dimensionality of an organization normally lies in the range of 2.2‐2.3, if it is optimal.Research limitations/implications – The paper's limitations lie in the fact that it is not yet based on experimental evidence from real‐world organizations.Originality/value – The findings of this paper give valuable impetus to the methodology of organizing.
Optical absorption and electronic properties of individual carbon nanotubes

In this dissertation, we report on the experimental investigation of the optical properties of single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes. Despite numerous studies performed using photoluminescence or Raman and Rayleigh scattering, knowledge of their optical response is still partial. In particular direct quantitative measurement of their absorption cross-section has not been achieved yet. Using spatial modulation spectroscopy we have determined, over a broad optical spectral range, the spectrum and amplitude of the absorption cross-section of identified individual single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes. These quantitative measurements permit the determination of the oscillator strength of the different excitonic resonances. Furthermore, investigation of the same nanotube, either a single-wall or double-wall nanotube, freestanding or deposited on a substrate shows large broadening with increase of oscillator strength of the excitonic resonances, as well as stark weakening of polarization dependent antenna effects, due to nanotube-substrate interaction. Similar study on nanotube bundles and double-wall nanotubes demonstrate the importance of inter-tube and inter-wall exciton coupling effects which seem to be of different nature in these two types of sample. The second part of this thesis studies electrical transport in carbon nanotube bundles under high pressure condition and low temperature. The behavior of nanotubebased field-effect transistors has been investigated, in the classical and Coulomb blockade regime, under gas-pressure up to 0.9 GPa. Overall, this dissertation communicates on the quantitative analysis of the absorption and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes and how they are influenced by various environmental effects such as dielectric screening, stress induced strain, hydrostatic pressure, or chemical doping. The novelty of this work is to address these issues at the single nanotube level
Feature-aware texturing

We present a method for inhomogeneous 2D texture mapping guided by a feature mask, that preserves some regions of the image, such as foreground objects or other prominent parts. The method is able to arbitrarily warp a given image while preserving the shape of its features by constraining their deformation to be a similarity transformation. In particular, our method allows global or local changes to the aspect ratio of the texture without causing undesirable shearing to the features. The algorithmic core of our method is a particular formulation of the Laplacian editing technique, suited to accommodate similarity constraints on parts of the domain. The method is useful in digital imaging, texture design and any other applications involving image warping, where parts of the image have high familiarity and should retain their shape after modification.
Impact of novel sources on content-based image and video retrieval

The problem of content-based image and video retrieval with textual queries is often posed as that of visual concept classification, where classifiers for a set of predetermined visual concepts are trained using a set of manually annotated images. Such a formulation implicitly assumes that the training data has similar distributional characteristics as that of the data which need to be indexed. In this paper we demonstrate empirically that even within the relatively narrow domain of news videos collected from a variety of news programs and broadcasters, the assumption of distributional similarity of visual features does not hold across programs from different broadcasters. This is manifested in considerable degradation of ranked retrieval performance on novel sources. We observe that concepts whose spatial locations remain relatively fixed between various sources are also more robust to source mismatches, and vice versa. We also show that a simple averaging of multiple visual detectors is more robust than any of the individual detectors. Furthermore, we show that for certain sources using only 20% of the available annotated data can bridge roughly 80% of the performance drop, while others can require larger amounts of annotated data.
Using Imagination to Understand the Neural Basis of Episodic Memory

Functional MRI (fMRI) studies investigating the neural basis of episodic memory recall, and the related task of thinking about plausible personal future events, have revealed a consistent network of associated brain regions. Surprisingly little, however, is understood about the contributions individual brain areas make to the overall recollective experience. To examine this, we used a novel fMRI paradigm in which subjects had to imagine fictitious experiences. In contrast to future thinking, this results in experiences that are not explicitly temporal in nature or as reliant on self-processing. By using previously imagined fictitious experiences as a comparison for episodic memories, we identified the neural basis of a key process engaged in common, namely scene construction, involving the generation, maintenance and visualization of complex spatial contexts. This was associated with activations in a distributed network, including hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and retrosplenial cortex. Importantly, we disambiguated these common effects from episodic memory-specific responses in anterior medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus. These latter regions may support self-schema and familiarity processes, and contribute to the brain's ability to distinguish real from imaginary memories. We conclude that scene construction constitutes a common process underlying episodic memory and imagination of fictitious experiences, and suggest it may partially account for the similar brain networks implicated in navigation, episodic future thinking, and the default mode. We suggest that additional brain regions are co-opted into this core network in a task-specific manner to support functions such as episodic memory that may have additional requirements.
Supporting the student-athlete's return to the classroom after a sport-related concussion.

OBJECTIVE This article provides a framework for school athletic trainers to use in advising colleagues about the health and academic needs of student-athletes presenting with concussions. BACKGROUND Management of sport-related concussions has been an area of growing concern for school athletic programs. Recent work in this area has highlighted significant risks for student-athletes presenting with these mild traumatic brain injuries. DESCRIPTION Topics covered include general teaching points for the athletic trainer to use with school colleagues. An integrated model for school management of sport concussion injuries is presented that includes involvement of the student's athletic trainer, school nurse, guidance counselor, teachers, social worker, psychologist, physicians, and parents. CLINICAL ADVANTAGES Academic accommodations for specific postconcussion symptoms are proposed that may help the student-athlete strike an optimum balance between rest and continued academic progress during recovery.
On the generality of refined algebraic quantization

The Dirac quantization `procedure' for constrained systems is well known to have many subtleties and ambiguities. Within this ill-defined framework, we explore the generality of a particular interpretation of the Dirac procedure known as refined algebraic quantization. We find technical conditions under which refined algebraic quantization can reproduce the general implementation of the Dirac scheme for systems whose constraints form a Lie algebra with structure constants. The main result is that, under appropriate conditions, the choice of an inner product on the physical states is equivalent to the choice of a `rigging map' in refined algebraic quantization.
Context-Aware and Locality-Constrained Coding for Image Categorization

Improving the coding strategy for BOF (Bag-of-Features) based feature design has drawn increasing attention in recent image categorization works. However, the ambiguity in coding procedure still impedes its further development. In this paper, we introduce a context-aware and locality-constrained Coding (CALC) approach with context information for describing objects in a discriminative way. It is generally achieved by learning a word-to-word cooccurrence prior to imposing context information over locality-constrained coding. Firstly, the local context of each category is evaluated by learning a word-to-word cooccurrence matrix representing the spatial distribution of local features in neighbor region. Then, the learned cooccurrence matrix is used for measuring the context distance between local features and code words. Finally, a coding strategy simultaneously considers locality in feature space and context space, while introducing the weight of feature is proposed. This novel coding strategy not only semantically preserves the information in coding, but also has the ability to alleviate the noise distortion of each class. Extensive experiments on several available datasets (Scene-15, Caltech101, and Caltech256) are conducted to validate the superiority of our algorithm by comparing it with baselines and recent published methods. Experimental results show that our method significantly improves the performance of baselines and achieves comparable and even better performance with the state of the arts.
Improvements in the laser damage behavior of Ta2O5/SiO2 interference coatings by modification of the top layer design

We have investigated the properties and laser damage behavior of Ta2O5/SiO2 quarter wave stacks designed for λ=1 μm operation by substituting the Ta2O5 layer by either Y2O3 or HfO2 and the SiO2 by Al2O3 in the top 3 pairs of the multilayer stack. The high reflectors were deposited by dual ion beam sputtering. Laser damage at 1 μm using 350 ps showed enhanced performance when the Ta2O5/SiO2 stack had HfO2 or Y2O3 in its top few pairs.
Quels prétraitements pour la stéréophotométrie non calibrée

La stereophotometrie est une technique de scannage 3D qui consiste a prendre plusieurs photographies d’un objet sous le meme angle, mais sous differents eclairages. Lorsque les eclairages sont inconnus, le probleme se complique et sa resolution necessite de faire plusieurs hypotheses, dont deux sont communes a toutes les methodes existantes : l’hypothese lambertienne et la contrainte d’integrabilite. Nous proposons d’effectuer des pretraitements sur les images, afin de limiter l’influence d’eventuels ecarts a ces hypotheses. Nous preconisons pour ce faire de retirer les pixels suspects. Nous validons ces ameliorations sur un jeu d’images reelles de visages accessibles sur Internet.
Knowing an Object by the Company it Keeps: A Domain-Agnostic Scheme for Similarity Discovery

Appropriately defining and then efficiently calculating similarities from large data sets are often essential in data mining, both for building tractable representations and for gaining understanding of data and generating processes. Here we rely on the premise that given a set of objects and their correlations, each object is characterized by its context, i.e. its correlations to the other objects, and that the similarity between two objects therefore can be expressed in terms of the similarity between their respective contexts. Resting on this principle, we propose a data-driven and highly scalable approach for discovering similarities from large data sets by representing objects and their relations as a correlation graph that is transformed to a similarity graph. Together these graphs can express rich structural properties among objects. Specifically, we show that concepts -- representations of abstract ideas and notions -- are constituted by groups of similar objects that can be identified by clustering the objects in the similarity graph. These principles and methods are applicable in a wide range of domains, and will here be demonstrated for three distinct types of objects: codons, artists and words, where the numbers of objects and correlations range from small to very large.
Broadcasting in time-division duplexing: A random linear network coding approach

We study random linear network coding for broadcasting in time division duplexing channels. We assume a packet erasure channel with nodes that cannot transmit and receive information simultaneously. The sender transmits coded data packets back-to-back before stopping to wait for the receivers to acknowledge the number of degrees of freedom, if any, that are required to decode correctly the information. We study the mean time to complete the transmission of a block of packets to all receivers. We also present a bound on the number of stops to wait for acknowledgement in order to complete transmission with probability at least 1 − ε, for any ε ≫ 0. We present analysis and numerical results showing that our scheme outperforms optimal scheduling policies for broadcast, in terms of the mean completion time. We provide a simple heuristic to compute the number of coded packets to be sent before stopping that achieves close to optimal performance with the advantage of a considerable reduction in the search time.