Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automating Hardware and Software Evolution Analysis

Cost-effective software evolution is critical to many distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems. Selecting the lowest cost set of software components that meet DRE system resource constraints, such as total memory and available CPU cycles, is an NP-Hard problem. This paper provides three contributions to R\&D on evolving software-intensive DRE systems. First, we present the Software Evolution Analysis with Resources (SEAR) technique that transforms component-based DRE system evolution alternatives into multidimensional multiple-choice knapsack problems. Second, we compare several techniques for solving these knapsack problems to determine valid, low-cost design configurations for resource constrained component-based DRE systems. \if false with multiple potential upgrades that cannot be solved efficiently by existing techniques\fi. Third, we empirically evaluate the techniques to determine their applicability in the context of common evolution scenarios. Based on these findings, we present a taxonomy of the solving techniques and the evolution scenarios that best suit each technique.
Liver Function in Normal Pregnancy

Summary: Liver function tests were measured in a longitudinal study of 64 women throughout normal pregnancy. Standard liver function tests and postprandial levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, protein and albumin were measured at each visit. Serum alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and triglyceride levels increased significantly throughout pregnancy (p< 0.001) while serum transaminases and bilirubin remained within the normal range. Total protein and albumin levels decreased significantly (p< 0.001).
B-vitamin deficiency causes hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular cognitive impairment in mice

In older adults, mildly elevated plasma total homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment, cerebrovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease, but it is uncertain whether this is due to underlying metabolic, neurotoxic, or vascular processes. We report here that feeding male C57BL6/J mice a B-vitamin-deficient diet for 10 weeks induced hyperhomocysteinemia, significantly impaired spatial learning and memory, and caused a significant rarefaction of hippocampal microvasculature without concomitant gliosis and neurodegeneration. Total hippocampal capillary length was inversely correlated with Morris water maze escape latencies (r = −0.757, P < 0.001), and with plasma total homocysteine (r = −0.631, P = 0.007). Feeding mice a methionine-rich diet produced similar but less pronounced effects. Our findings suggest that cerebral microvascular rarefaction can cause cognitive dysfunction in the absence of or preceding neurodegeneration. Similar microvascular changes may mediate the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with human age-related cognitive decline.
Chemically defined medium for Legionella pneumophila growth

A chemically defined medium containing 18 amino acids, inorganic salts, rhamnose, choline, and ferric pyrophosphate has been developed. The final concentrations of salts and amino acids were modeled after yeast extract. This medium supported the growth of four serogroups of Legionella pneumophila. Growth in shake cultures at 37 degrees C produced a lag time of approximately 5 h and a generation time of 4 h with a maximum growth yield of 10 9 colony-forming units per ml. A soluble brown pigment was observed in the stationary phase of growth. The optimal pH was 6.3. Rhamnose and choline were stimulatory; arginine, serine, threonine, cysteine, valine, and methionine were essential. Supplemental iron was not required to attain maximum growth, but iron deprivation caused an extended lag phase.
Primary Structure of Cat Preproendothelin-2 and Cat Renal mRNA Expression of Preproendothelin-1 and Preproendothelin-2 in Naturally Occurring Renal Failure

Endothelin (ET)-1 is involved in the pathophysiology of various renal disorders, promoting renal cellular proliferation and extracellular matrix protein accumulation, and, thus, diminishing fundamental renal function, including filtration. To determine whether ET-1 and ET-2 play a role in feline chronic renal failure, we analyzed the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of the prepro-ET (PPET )-1 and PPET-2 genes in affected cat kidney after molecular cloning of full-length PPET-2 complementary DNA (cDNA). Conceptual analysis of the primary structure of cat PPET-2 based on the cloned sequence demonstrated that the putative regions corresponding to a mature peptide and peptidase processing sites are present in cat PPET-2. Homology analysis showed that the similarity of the cat PPET-2 amino acid sequence with those from human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, ferret, cow, and horse was 73.0%, 68.6%, 69.1%, 76.4%, 81.2%, 83.1%, 76.3%, and 79.2%, respectively. Analysis of PPET-1 and PPET-2 mRNA in cat by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed upregulated expression of both genes in kidneys affected by renal failure.
Protective role of normothermic machine perfusion during reduced‐size liver transplantation in pigs

The purpose of this study is to explore whether normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) preservation is superior to cold preservation during reduced‐size liver transplantation (RSLT) in pigs. Twenty‐four healthy Ba‐Ma mini pigs were used (aged >13 months; weight 25‐35 kg; regardless of sex). The animals were randomized into 2 groups. In group A (NMP), donor livers were harvested without warm ischemia time and heartbeats and then were connected to the NMP system to reduce the livers' size under the normothermic condition. In group B (University of Wisconsin [UW] solution), donor livers were harvested without warm ischemia time and heartbeats after being perfused by UW solution and were then preserved in 0°C‐4°C UW solution to reduce the livers' size under cold conditions. After that, liver transplantation without venovenous bypass was performed. General RSLT information of the pigs from the 2 groups was recorded; the serological indices were measured; and routine pathological examination of liver tissue was observed. A significant difference was observed in the intraoperative bleeding between the 2 groups (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found in the other indices (all P > 0.05). Significant differences of alanine aminotransferase levels, aspartate aminotransferase levels, and lactate dehydrogenase levels between the 2 groups were observed between postoperative days 3 and 5 (P < 0.05). Significant differences of lactic acid levels between the 2 groups were observed between postoperative days 2 and 5 (P < 0.05). Compared with the cold preservation group, the liver tissues of the NMP preservation group only rarely experienced liver cell necrosis and maintained integrities in the hepatic sinusoid spaces and endothelial cells. In conclusion, NMP preservation is superior to cold preservation during RSLT in pigs. Liver Transplantation 22 968–978 2016 AASLD
Perceived threat to life predicts posttraumatic stress disorder after major trauma: risk factors and functional outcome.

BACKGROUND The importance of psychological morbidity after major trauma, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is continuing to gain attention in trauma outcomes research. The Trauma Recovery Project is a large prospective epidemiologic study designed to examine multiple outcomes after major trauma, including quality of life (QoL) and PTSD. The specific objectives of the present report are to examine risk factors for PTSD and to assess the impact on QoL at the 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up time points in the Trauma Recovery Project population. METHODS Between December 1, 1993, and September 1, 1996, 1,048 eligible trauma patients triaged to four participating trauma center hospitals in the San Diego Regionalized Trauma System were enrolled in the study. The enrollment criteria for the study included age 18 years and older, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12 or greater, and length of stay > 24 hours. QoL was measured after injury using the Quality of Well-being scale, a sensitive index to the well end of the functioning continuum (range, 0 = death to 1.000 = optimum functioning). Early symptoms of acute stress reaction (SASR) at discharge were assessed using the Impact of Events Scale (score > 30 = SASR). PTSD at 6-month follow-up was diagnosed using standardized Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, criteria. Patient outcomes were assessed at discharge and at 6, 12, and 18 months after discharge. RESULTS PTSD was diagnosed in 32% (261 of 824) patients at 6-month follow-up. Perceived threat to life predicted PTSD onset (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; p < 0.01) and early SASR (OR, 2.2; p < 0.001). PTSD was more frequent in women (39%) than in men (29%) and in younger low-income patients. Other major risk factors were penetrating trauma (OR, 2.3; p < 0.001) and assaults (OR, 1.5; p < 0.05). PTSD had a major impact on QoL at 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up (Quality of Well-being scale score: 6 months, 0.576 vs. 0.658; 12 months, 0.620 vs. 0.691; 18 months, 0.620 vs. 0.700; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION These results provide new and provocative evidence that perceived threat to life and mechanism predict PTSD after major traumatic injury. PTSD had a prolonged and profound impact on short- and long-term outcome and QoL.
Limit Cycle Behaviour of a Neural Controller with Delayed Bang-Bang Feedback

—It is well known that a linear dynamic system including a delay will exhibit limit cycle oscillations when a bang-bang sensor is used in the feedback loop of a PID controller. A similar behaviour occurs when a delayed feedback signal is used to train a neural network. This paper develops a method of predicting this behaviour by linearizing the system, which can be shown to behave in a manner similar to an integral controller. Using this procedure, it is possible to predict the characteristics of the neural network driven limit cycle to varying degrees of accuracy, depending on the information known about the system. An application is also presented: the intelligent control of a spark ignition engine.
Robin Wood, Rio Bravo, and Me☆

The film scholar Robin Wood, who died recently, taught me English during the mid-1960s at Welwyn Garden City High School (now Sir Frederick Osborn Comprehensive). He was one of those teachers who ‘made a difference’. He helped me learn that it was all right for a boy from a working-class home to study stuff such as literature. But it was largely through film that he achieved this. Despite the dismay of many of my peers, Robin often ignored the English syllabus in favour of showing us films, encouraging us to argue about them, and also write about them. He wanted us to do what he himself had learned to do: to take films seriously, look at them closely, and make up our own minds, uninhibited by a weight of critical scholarship and the demands of a curriculum. 1
ChimeriVax-West Nile Virus Live-Attenuated Vaccine: Preclinical Evaluation of Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy

ABSTRACT The availability of ChimeriVax vaccine technology for delivery of flavivirus protective antigens at the time West Nile (WN) virus was first detected in North America in 1999 contributed to the rapid development of the vaccine candidate against WN virus described here. ChimeriVax-Japanese encephalitis (JE), the first live- attenuated vaccine developed with this technology has successfully undergone phase I and II clinical trials. The ChimeriVax technology utilizes yellow fever virus (YF) 17D vaccine strain capsid and nonstructural genes to deliver the envelope gene of other flaviviruses as live-attenuated chimeric viruses. Amino acid sequence homology between the envelope protein (E) of JE and WN viruses facilitated targeting attenuating mutation sites to develop the WN vaccine. Here we discuss preclinical studies with the ChimeriVax-WN virus in mice and macaques. ChimeriVax-WN virus vaccine is less neurovirulent than the commercial YF 17D vaccine in mice and nonhuman primates. Attenuation of the virus is determined by the chimeric nature of the construct containing attenuating mutations in the YF 17D virus backbone and three point mutations introduced to alter residues 107, 316, and 440 in the WN virus E protein gene. The safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the ChimeriVax-WN02 vaccine in the macaque model indicate the vaccine candidate is expected to be safe and immunogenic for humans.
Relationship between Narcissism and Sensation Seeking

This study investigated the relationship between narcissism and sensation seeking. It was hypothesized that a positive relationship would be found between the two personality variables. Undergraduates were administered both the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and Form IV of the Sensation Seeking Scale. For both males and females, scores on the Narcissistic Inventory correlated significantly with scores on the Disinhibition subscale of the Sensation Seeking Scale. Boredom Susceptibility was correlated with narcissism for males, while scores on the General and Experience Seeking subscales correlated significantly with narcissism for females. If disinhibition were a social form of sensation-seeking, the correlations with narcissism for both sexes would be accounted for. The study supports the construct validity of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and provides evidence for regarding narcissism as a dimension of personality.
Network-in-a-Box: How to Set Up a Secure Wireless Network in Under a Minute

Combining effective security and usability is often considered impossible. For example, deploying effective security for wireless networks is a difficult task, even for skilled systems administrators - a fact that is impeding the deployment of many mobile systems. In this paper we describe a system that lets typical users easily build a highly secure wireless network. Our main contribution is to show how gesture-based user interfaces can be applied to provide a complete solution for securing wireless networks. This allows users to intuitively manage the network security of their mobile devices, even those with limited user interfaces. We demonstrate through user studies that our secure implementation is considerably easier to use than typical commercially available options, even those that provide lower security. Our gesture-based approach is quite general, and can be used to design a wide variety of systems that are simultaneously secure and easy to administer.
Sensitivity of the agroecosystem in the Ganges basin to inter‐annual rainfall variability and associated changes in land use

The rate of growth in agricultural production has been decreasing in several regions of the world in recent years. The availability of water, which is one of the main inputs, is becoming limiting and more variable. In this article, we study the sensitivity of the agroecosystem to rainfall variability in order to identify vulnerable areas. We applied a longitudinal assessment of remote sensing time‐series data, using the correlation between inter‐annual rainfall anomalies and anomalies in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a proxy for crop production. With a novel approach, we then identified whether the sensitivity results from a variation in crop growth or from a deliberate adjustment in the cropping pattern, reflecting a coping strategy. In our case study area, the Ganges basin, 25% of the basin area showed a significant correlation (p < 0.10) between rainfall and NDVI anomalies during the summer monsoon‐dominated cropping season, both positive and negative. During the consecutive dry season, 18 % of the basin area showed a significant correlation, mostly positive. This variation in sensitivity shows the added value of spatially explicit information from remote sensing over lumped crop statistics. Primarily in the drier western part of the basin, a coping strategy of increasing fallow land in years with below‐average rainfall was detected. Distinguishing a coping strategy from a crop yield reduction is important from both an economic and a hydrologic perspective.
Economic Geography under Postcolonial Scrutiny

It is no longer controversial to assert that the ‘mainstream’ of economic-geographical theorising, including that which defines itself as ‘international’, emerges from the experiences of Anglo-American regions and is articulated largely in the pages of ‘major international journals’, published overwhelmingly in English in the UK and USA. However, what is remarkable is that so much economic geography continues to presume that ‘the economy’ can and should be theorised solely from the perspective of the formal spaces of western economies. This brief intervention seeks to build on work which identifies and measures the Anglo-centrism of economic geography and explores the limits of such economic-geographical research in an attempt to foster what we regard as a long-overdue dialogue between economic geographers and scholars working with postcolonial approaches, broadly defined.
This Ain’t Paris Sweetie: Exploring West African and French Identity in the Southern United States

This autoethnography explores West African and French identity in the Southern United States. Seven short poems trace back a journey from West Africa and France to the American South and flesh out the contours of a transient and suspended self. A brown immigrant woman, my text reconstructs the embodied experience of racism and sexism in a small conservative community. Poetic prose helps to capture the elusive nature of a narrative, best expressed through fragmentary impressions. These bits written in half-dream state bring to life the folding and unfolding of identity/ies in a foreign land. They also offer a political and cultural reflection on racism, sexism, and immigration. Finally, because they open many windows to other narratives, they shed light on intertextuality in autoethnographic practice, through what I call the “Russian Dolls” metaphor.
Reaching the 'hard to reach': engagement, relationship building and social control in sport based social inclusion work.

Alongside the mediated increases in the popularity and commercial appeal of contemporary sport, in recent years there has been growing interest in the use of sport as a social policy tool. However, the capacity of sport to address the needs of disadvantaged groups and tackle wider social problems such as crime and anti-social behaviour remains contested. In this paper a case is made for the centering of 'approach' and 'style' of delivery, rather than sport, in the engagement of disadvantaged and 'hard to reach' young people. The paper also acknowledges the limitations of the transformative potential of sport-based interventions in the context of a consumer society and extant functionalist perspectives, which emphasise sports normalising role.
Generalization enhancement of feedforward neural networks based on the convergence of shape errors

The generalization of the trained neural networks mainly depends on the shape errors between network desired output hypersurface and actual output hypersurface. Due to its serious limitation in representing the shape errors, the widely used mean squared error model could not guarantee the effective convergence of the shape errors, therefore causes the poor generalization of the trained neural networks. To tackle this problem, the information fusion technique based on network output errors and partial derivative errors, and enhanced convergence technique based on the local equalization of samples output errors are presented in this paper. These new techniques effectively improve neural network generalization through direct utilization of network partial derivative errors and enhancement of local equalization of samples output errors. Actual computation cases demonstrate that these techniques proposed could substantially improve network generalization and learning efficiency, compared with the currently used network training methods.
Bis[μ-2-(2-pyridylmethylaminomethyl)phenolato]-κ4 N,N′,O:O;κ4 O:N,N′,O-bis[(thiocyanato-κN)copper(II)]

The centrosymmetric binuclear complex, [Cu2(C13H13N2O)2(NCS)2], formed via phenolate oxygen bridges, involves the CuII atoms in a distorted square-pyramidal coordination [τ = 0.197 (1)]. A Cu⋯Cu separation of 3.2281 (3) Å is observed. The in-plane Cu—Ophenolate distance [1.9342 (8) Å] is shorter than the axial distance [2.252 (8) Å]. The Cu—Namine and Cu—Npy distances are similar [2.0095 (10) and 2.0192 (10) Å, respectively]. The Cu—Nthiocyanate distance [1.9678 (11) Å] is in the range found for Cu—N distances in previously determined structures containing coordinated thiocyanate anions. There is an intermolecular hydrogen bond between the amine H atom and the S atom of a coordinated thiocyanate anion.
Teaching Students to Recognize and Implement Good Coding Style

Teaching students to write code with good style is important but difficult: in-depth feedback currently requires a human. AutoStyle, a style tutor that scales, offers adaptive, real-time holistic style feedback and hints as students improve their code. An in-situ study with 103 undergraduate students in a CS class compared AutoStyle to a control tutor which only offered ABC score. While students improved the style of their code in both cases, students working with AutoStyle were more likely to use an appropriate language idiom and to improve their recognition of good style. However, students struggled to implement style improvements, even when hints recommended specific functions.
Writing About Australian Educational and Developmental Psychology: A 25 Year Retrospective Summary

Abstract This research is a summary of the published research interests of Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologists over the past 25 years. The terms used in the title and keywords describing research published in The Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist (AEDP) over the past 25 years were analysed. In total, 105 individual words or terms were derived from 233 articles published in the AEDP. These words and terms were used 707 times as title words and 820 times as keywords to describe the research of the journal. The most frequent individual title words were children (n = 70), adolescents (n = 44), assessment (n = 29), development/developmental (n = 28), and disability (n = 27). The reduction of these title words and keywords resulted in six categories: Stages of Development, Relating and Roles, Educational and Vocational, Presenting Problems—Clinical, Presenting Problems—General, and Methods and Practice. Analyses of the frequency of the title words and keywords led to the conclusion that many of the words and the subsequent categories were exclusively Educational and Developmental in definition, with a large proportion of the content of the journal also shared with other specialisations and areas of psychology. Finally, the title words and keywords were subdivided into 5-year periods and small, significant effects were found between the five time periods for some categories of keywords and terms. The differences were very weak and non-systematic, trends indicating the relative consistency of the contents of the journal over time.