Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Participation in day centres for people with psychiatric disabilities: Characteristics of occupations

Abstract People with psychiatric disabilities (PD) are a vulnerable group, and should be offered support and rehabilitation when needed. Day centres that provide individually matched daily occupations are an important link to provide that. The present study aimed at gaining knowledge regarding the occupations performed in day centres, in terms of the participants' descriptions of what they were doing. Eighty-eight persons with PD completed a time-use diary that focused on the most recent day. The participants were selected from six different day centres, meeting-place-oriented as well as more work-oriented ones. By qualitative content analysis six categories were identified, representing the occupations performed; social occupations, maintenance occupations, creative occupations, manufacturing occupations, service occupations, and information-focused occupations. A main theme termed “being at the day centre means participating in occupations with different levels of demand” was also discerned. The day centres served as a social meeting point and an opportunity to be involved in occupations with different levels of demand. This study highlights the role day centres could play in the rehabilitation of people with PD, and the potential that lies in the knowledge of the levels of occupational demands when meeting individual occupational needs and when analysing and planning interventions.
Deposited in DRO : 22 May 2014 Version of attached le : Published Version Peer-review status of attached le : Peer-reviewed Citation for published item :

Background: There is an urgent need to protect children against dengue since this age group is particularly sensitive to the disease. Since dengue vectors are active mainly during the day, a potential target for control should be schools where children spend a considerable amount of their day. School uniforms are the cultural norm in most developing countries, worn throughout the day. We hypothesise that insecticide-treated school uniforms will reduce the incidence of dengue infection in school-aged children. Our objective is to determine the impact of impregnated school uniforms on dengue incidence. Methods: A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in eastern Thailand in a group of schools with approximately 2,000 students aged 7–18 years. Pre-fabricated school uniforms will be commercially treated to ensure consistent, high-quality insecticide impregnation with permethrin. A double-blind, randomised, crossover trial at the school level will cover two dengue transmission seasons. Discussion: Practical issues and plans concerning intervention implementation, evaluation, analysing and interpreting the data, and possible policy implications arising from the trial are discussed. Trial registration: clinicaltrial.gov. Registration number: NCT01563640
A region internal to the coding sequences is essential for transcription of the yeast Ty-D15 element

The major transcript of the yeast transposable element Ty1 has its 5' end in one delta and the 3' end in the opposite delta, the direct repeats of about 335 base pairs (bp) at each end of the element. The transcriptional initiation signals of the Ty-D15 element that give rise to this transcript were found to have a number of unusual characteristics. The 5' delta by itself, which contained the initiation site for Ty transcription, gave no detectable transcription. A region internal to the transcript in a translated part of the element and about 140 bp downstream of the 5' delta was essential for initiation of the major Ty transcript. This internal activating region (IAR) had several interesting properties. When the portion of the delta upstream of the initiation site was replaced with DNA fragments that did not by themselves act as promoters, initiation directed by the IAR still occurred at about the same position, 200 to 400 bp upstream of the IAR. If fragments containing the IAR were inverted, transcription could still occur. When 468 or 636 bp was inserted between the delta and the IAR, initiations occurred near the normal delta initiation site and in the inserted DNA. Therefore, the location and properties of transcription signals for Ty-D15 differ considerably from those expected for a yeast gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
Do specialists exit the firm outsourcing its R&D?

Do specialists exit the firm increasingly outsourcing its research and development (R&D) work? Although this question is critical in understanding how R&D outsourcing links to innovation performance, the answer is not yet clear. This paper proposes that the optimal level of firm’s internal employment of R&D specialists decreases with the deepening of R&D outsourcing but increases with the broadening of R&D outsourcing. These relations can be inferred from previous empirical studies as well as our theoretical analysis, and are supported by the empirical evidence from estimations of correlated random effects (CRE) Tobit, CRE selection and CRE fractional response models on a panel dataset of Danish firms.
SR-Related Protein TAXREB803/SRL300 Is an Important Cellular Factor for the Transactivational Function of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Tax

ABSTRACT Expression of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) genes is transcriptionally activated by the cognate oncoprotein Tax which enhances the binding of the cyclin AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) to the Tax responsive element (TxRE) located in its long terminal repeat (LTR). TxRE is highly homologous to the cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) except for the GC-rich sequence flanking the CRE. We cloned the cDNA for a cellular factor, TAXREB803, of which the DNA-binding domain bound to TxRE and the binding was dependent on the 3′ GC-rich sequence in TxRE. TAXREB803 is an SR-related protein composed of 2,752 amino acids including numerous arginine/serine (RS) motifs. TAXREB803 enhanced both the Tax dependent transcription and the CREB binding to TxRE in cooperation with Tax. The interaction of TAXREB803 and Tax was detected by coimmunoprecipitation assays as well as by indirect immunofluorescence assays. Significantly, Tax transactivation for the HTLV-1 LTR decreased dramatically when the expression level of the endogenous TAXREB803 was suppressed by the small interfering RNA. These results suggest that TAXREB803 functions as a transcriptional coactivator for Tax and plays a critical role in the expression of HTLV-1 genes.
Increased Rate of Apoptosis Correlates with Hepatocellular Proliferation in Fischer-344 Rats Following Long-Term Exposure to a Mixture of Groundwater Contaminants

Apoptosis was evaluated in the livers of Fischer-344 rats following observations of increased hepatocellular proliferation from exposures, at low parts per million (ppm) levels, to a drinking water mixture of 7 groundwater contaminants during a 6-mo time-course study. The 7 chemicals used are among the most frequently detected contaminants associated with hazardous waste sites: arsenic, benzene, chloroform, chromium, lead, phenol, and trichloroethylene. Significant increases in 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine hepatocellular labeling were present in a unique pattern surrounding large hepatic veins (0.5-2.0 mm). This did not appear to be a regenerative response due to cytotoxicity, as assessed by the absence of increased plasma enzyme activity and the absence of hepatocellular lesions. Immunohistochemical staining for apoptosis, using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method showed patterns of labeling in treated animals that directly correlated to areas of increased hepatocyte proliferation. Apoptotic activity was maximum at the 1-mo exposure time point, whereas proliferating hepatocytes reached a maximum rate at the 10-day time point. This may have been triggered as a compensatory response to the increased cell proliferation or as a protective response to remove cells with altered DNA due to chemical mixture exposure. The principal findings of this paper are that (a) apoptosis directly correlated with changes in cell proliferation; (b) observed effects were produced by repeated exposures to a relatively low-level chemical mixture; and (c) the TUNEL method detected apoptotic cells at very early and late stages, potentially increasing the observable time period for apoptosis.
Structural and Functional Characterization of Escherichia coli Toxin-Antitoxin Complex DinJ-YafQ*

Background: The type II TA dinJ-yafQ module autoregulates bacterial growth in response to environmental stimuli. Results: The crystal structures of the DinJ-YafQ complex and free YafQ unveiled their structural details. Conclusion: The DinJ-YafQ complex as a transcription repressor interacts with a defined region in its operator via the RHH domain of DinJ. Significance: This study defines YafQ as a ribosome-dependent ribonuclease in vivo. Toxin YafQ functions as a ribonuclease in the dinJ-yafQ toxin-antitoxin system of Escherichia coli. Antitoxin DinJ neutralizes YafQ-mediated toxicity by forming a stable protein complex. Here, crystal structures of the (DinJ)2-(YafQ)2 complex and the isolated YafQ toxin have been determined. The structure of the heterotetrameric complex (DinJ)2-(YafQ)2 revealed that the N-terminal region of DinJ folds into a ribbon-helix-helix motif and dimerizes for DNA recognition, and the C-terminal portion of each DinJ exclusively wraps around a YafQ molecule. Upon incorporation into the heterotetrameric complex, a conformational change of YafQ in close proximity to the catalytic site of the typical microbial ribonuclease fold was observed and validated. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that a DinJ mutant restored YafQ RNase activity in a tetramer complex in vitro but not in vivo. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that one of the palindromic sequences present in the upstream intergenic region of DinJ served as a binding sequences for both the DinJ-YafQ complex and the antitoxin DinJ alone. Based on structure-guided and site-directed mutagenesis of DinJ-YafQ, we showed that two pairs of amino acids in DinJ were important for DNA binding; the R8A and K16A substitutions and the S31A and R35A substitutions in DinJ abolished the DNA binding ability of the DinJ-YafQ complex.
ecomposing firm-level sales variation

Recently, much of the trade literature has been focused on using firm-specific productivity to explain export heterogeneity. This study provides evidence for the importance of incorporating firm–destination-specific effects such as demand shocks in theories of exporter heterogeneity. Our study estimates the proportion of firm-level sales variation within a product–destination market that can be explained by firm-specific effects such as productivity. We use a highly detailed dataset comprising firm–product–destination-specific exports and correct for truncation as modeled by recent trade theories. We find that the contribution of firm-specific effects varies greatly across products and that it is 45% for the median product. That is, within-destination sales variation is primarily explained by firm–destination-specific heterogeneity for the majority of products. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Distinct roles for telethonin N‐versus C‐terminus in sarcomere assembly and maintenance

The N‐terminus of telethonin forms a unique structure linking two titin N‐termini at the Z‐disc. While a specific role for the C‐terminus has not been established, several studies indicate it may have a regulatory function. Using a morpholino approach in Xenopus, we show that telethonin knockdown leads to embryonic paralysis, myocyte defects, and sarcomeric disruption. These myopathic defects can be rescued by expressing full‐length telethonin mRNA in morpholino background, indicating that telethonin is required for myofibrillogenesis. However, a construct missing C‐terminal residues is incapable of rescuing motility or sarcomere assembly in cultured myocytes. We, therefore, tested two additional constructs: one where four C‐terminal phosphorylatable residues were mutated to alanines and another where terminal residues were randomly replaced. Data from these experiments support that the telethonin C‐terminus is required for assembly, but in a context‐dependent manner, indicating that factors and forces present in vivo can compensate for C‐terminal truncation or mutation. Developmental Dynamics 239:1124–1135, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perceptions Of Customers Regarding Their Expectations Of Service Quality In South African Full-Service Restaurants

Full-service restaurants serve different types of customers with preconceived ideas about what they want and expect to receive from the restaurant. During the dining experience, each customer experiences the service differently and subconsciously evaluates the experience differently. The purpose of this research is to determine the expectations and perceptions of customers regarding service quality sub-dimensions at Full-Service Restaurants (FSRs). A self-administered survey of employees at a tertiary academic institution revealed that waiter professionalism, lack of individual attention, long waiting periods and stock-outs in FSRs are the most important concerns when it comes to the expectations of service quality. The findings of this study analysed a demographic profile (gender, age, home language, highest education qualification, LSM groups) and it was found that demographic category groups differ in the way that they perceive service quality. The study reveals that males tend to be less critical than women, LSM 9 respondents are less critical than LSM 10 respondents and respondents with an undergraduate degree or less are less critical than respondents with a post-graduate degree. The study also reveals a strong correlation between service quality and customer satisfaction. Recommendations include that management must focus on pricing strategies, strategic marketing, waiter training and the flow of communication between the restaurant and the customer. The recommendations made in this study will assist management of FSRs to understand the significance of high-quality service and to implement the required levels of service quality. With this knowledge, the management of FSRs can be assured of a satisfied customer and a competitive offering.
Transparency of human resource policy

The scope of public human resource policy is outlined. Motivation for the need of transparency in this policy is provided in terms of informational asymmetries, human capital externalities, and long planning horizons. Transparency is defined both along a time dimension – ex ante and ex post – and by a taxonomy due to Geraats (2014), referring to different facets of decision-making, implementation, and outcomes: political, economic, procedural, policy, and operational transparency. Five aspects on human resource policy relevant for transparency are considered: efficiency and equity, input utilization, learning outcomes, the dimensioning of education, and benefits and costs. Finally, suggestions for improved transparency are considered. These involve devoting resources to research on the measurement of human capital externalities, facilitation of ex ante benefit-cost analyses preceding human resource policy decisions, and strengthening of political accountability through intermediate follow-ups during policy implementation, combined with commitment of funds to finance independent evaluations of the policy’s effects.
Vasoreactivity in Pre‐ and Postmenopausal Women: Evaluation by Pharmacodynamic Modeling

Postmenopausal women experience an increase in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity compared with their premenopausal counterparts. This study was undertaken to develop a pharmacodynamic model to determine whether vascular reactivity in postmenopausal women differed from that in premenopausal women. Eleven subjects in each group were recruited. Graded doses of norepinephrine and insulin were infused via the dorsal hand vein. Venous diameter was measured by ultrasound. Dosage and venous diameter were fit to a Hill‐type pharmacodynamic model in which norepinephrine acts as a vasoconstrictor and insulin counteracts varying fractions of norepinephrine constriction. Fitted pharmacodynamic parameters for norepinephrine did not differ uniformly between groups, but at norepinephrine infusion rates between 14 and 46 ng/mL, postmenopausal women demonstrated increased norepinephrine‐induced vasoconstriction. Also, the modeled maximal response to insulin (Emaxi) was greater in premenopausal women. By stepwise linear regression, maximal response to insulin was found to be related to menopausal status and diastolic blood pressure. Postmenopausal women showed differences in vasoreactivity that may have important implications in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
An Ensemble Classifier Based on Attribute Selection and Diversity Measure

Ensemble approaches to classification have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. Many methods have been developed to create the diversity among the classifiers. At present, there are two kinds of diversity creation methods: data partitioning and attributes partitioning. In some applications, attribute partitioning methods are capable of performance superior to data partitioning methods in ensemble learning.In this paper, an ensemble learning algorithm based on attribute selection and diversity measure ASDM is proposed. This algorithm adopts the entire measure of diversity in an ensemble classifier. When a classifier is learned on a random attribute subset, the entire diversity between the learned classifier and all current ensemble members are measured. If the diversity is significant, the learned classifier would be added into the ensemble, otherwise the learned classifier would be discarded. The experimental results show that the ensemble classifier based on attributes selection and diversity measure is effective.
Algorithms for a network design problem with crossing supermodular demands

We present approximation algorithms for a class of directed network design problems. The network design problem is to find a minimum cost subgraph such that for each vertex set S there are at least f(S) arcs leaving the set S. In the last 10 years general techniques have been developed for designing approximation algorithms for undirected network design problems. Recently, Kamal Jain gave a 2‐approximation algorithm for the case when the function f is weakly supermodular. There has been very little progress made on directed network design problems. The main techniques used for the undirected problems do not have simple extensions to the directed case. András Frank has shown that in a special case when the function f is intersecting supermodular the problem can be solved optimally. In this article, we use this result to get a 2‐approximation algorithm for a more general case when f is crossing supermodular. We also extend Jain's techniques to directed problems. We prove that if the function f is crossing supermodular, then any basic solution of the LP relaxation of our problem contains at least one variable with value greater or equal to ¼. This result implies a 4‐approximation algorithm for the class of directed network design problems. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deep Fully Convolutional Networks for the Detection of Informal Settlements in VHR Images

This letter investigates fully convolutional networks (FCNs) for the detection of informal settlements in very high resolution (VHR) satellite images. Informal settlements or slums are proliferating in developing countries and their detection and classification provides vital information for decision making and planning urban upgrading processes. Distinguishing different urban structures in VHR images is challenging because of the abstract semantic definition of the classes as opposed to the separation of standard land-cover classes. This task requires extraction of texture and spatial features. To this aim, we introduce deep FCNs to perform pixel-wise image labeling by automatically learning a higher level representation of the data. Deep FCNs can learn a hierarchy of features associated to increasing levels of abstraction, from raw pixel values to edges and corners up to complex spatial patterns. We present a deep FCN using dilated convolutions of increasing spatial support. It is capable of learning informative features capturing long-range pixel dependencies while keeping a limited number of network parameters. Experiments carried out on a Quickbird image acquired over the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, show that the proposed FCN outperforms state-of-the-art convolutional networks. Moreover, the computational cost of the proposed technique is significantly lower than standard patch-based architectures.
Multi-resolution BCS-based approach for DoA estimation

The problem of the estimation of the number and angles of arrival of electromagnetic signals impinging on a linear array of sensors is addressed by means of a multi-resolution approach based on the Bayesian Compressive Sensing (BCS). The BCS is used to retrieve at each step of the multi-zooming strategy the most probable directions of arrival (DoAs) as well as to provide the confidence level of the obtained estimations. The DoAs estimation is then refined by zooming on the spatial regions where the signals have been detected and the zoom velocity is defined according to the confidence on the reliability of the estimations in the previous step. A set of preliminary numerical results is provided in order to assess the performance of the proposed technique.
Entrepreneurial export orientation, strategy, and performance of SMEs in an emergent African economy

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, strategy, and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Nigerian. This study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research designs using survey methods with statistical treatment and interviews. Cluster analysis, t-tests and correlation tests were used to ascertain whether relationships exist between high and low entrepreneurial orientation firms and performance indicators. Results indicate that high entrepreneurial orientation firms were more engaged in the export market than low entrepreneurial orientation firms. Findings also suggest that firms that adopted proactive orientation achieved higher performance, profitability, and growth compared to those that adopted a conservative orientation. It was also found that proactive entrepreneurs allocated more financial resources for export activities than conservative entrepreneurs.
N-gram analysis of text documents in Serbian language

The modern way of life, e-business, a large amount of data available in electronic form imposed the need for analysis of textual documents written in different natural languages. Every natural language has many rules and variations which makes analysis of the document more difficult. By N-gram analysis of documents, the results can be obtained without specific lexical resources. In this paper, the n-gram analysis of textual documents written in Serbian language is shown and also the algorithm for extracting keywords (n-grams) from a document.