Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delay Statistics and Throughput Performance for Multi-rate Wireless Networks Under Multiuser Diversity

An analytical framework for radio link level performance evaluation under scheduling and automatic repeat request (ARQ)-based error control in a multi-rate wireless network is presented. The multi-rate transmission is assumed to be achieved through adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) in a correlated fading channel. The analytical framework, which is developed based on a vacation queueing model, can be applied to any scheduling scheme as long as the evolution of the joint service/vacation and channel processes can be determined. The exact statistics of queue length and delay are obtained and the radio link level throughput is calculated under both saturated and non-saturated buffer scenarios. As an example of using the general analytical model, we analyze the performance of max-rate (MR) scheduling scheme which exploits multiuser diversity and compare its performance with the round-robin (RR) scheduling scheme. Although the MR scheduling always results in higher throughput than the RR counterpart, we observe that the RR scheduling offers better delay performance than the MR scheme under light traffic load conditions. The usefulness of the presented analysis is highlighted by illustrating its applications for cross-layer design and packet-level admission control under delay constraints. After all, this analytical framework would be very useful for comprehensive analysis of radio link level scheduling schemes and hence for design and engineering of radio link control protocols
Levels of Mate Recognition Within and Between Two Drosophila Species and Their Hybrids

If sexual selection is to result in speciation, traits involved in mate choice within species need to be capable of producing sexual isolation between species. We investigated the association between mate choice and sexual isolation using interspecific hybrids between two sibling species, Drosophila serrata and Drosophila birchii. A perfuming experiment demonstrated that olfaction was involved in the sexual isolation between the two species. A quantitative genetic analysis using 30 populations of hybrids between the two species indicated that mating success in hybrid individuals was predominately determined by cuticular hydrocarbons; the average genetic correlation between mating success and cuticular hydrocarbon profile was 0.84, and in some instances exceeded 0.95. Multivariate analysis of the cuticular hydrocarbons of the two species revealed that there were three independent blends of cuticular hydrocarbons that separated three levels of organization: species, sex, and sex within species. The hydrocarbons used by hybrids in mate choice included those that separated the two species, demonstrating that species‐specific characters may be used in mate choice within populations. The interspecific reciprocal cross had major effect on which cuticular hydrocarbons were associated with mating success, indicating that the expression of the cuticular hydrocarbons was strongly sex linked.
Surface Roughness in Alumina Thin Film Deposited on Silica Using Oblique Incidence

The main characteristics of a surface are physical and chemical structure, surface tension and surface roughness. Surface roughness is one of the critical factors, which could cause instability in quality performance. In this paper, surface roughness of alumina thin films deposited on a silicon substrate by using electron beam evaporation with oblique angle deposition were studied. It has been found that the surface roughness of the alumina thin films was dependent on the substrate temperature, the deposition rate, the film thickness and the inclined angle. The experimental results showed that increasing the substrate temperature reduced the surface roughness at a low inclined angle and enhanced the surface roughness at a high inclined angle, and the surface roughness increased with increasing deposition rate and film thickness. By choosing the appropriate film preparation parameters, the film surface roughness was effectively controlled.
Crystal Structure of the Cytosolic C2a-C2b Domains of Synaptotagmin III

Synaptotagmins are synaptic vesicle-associated, phospholipid-binding proteins most commonly associated with Ca+2-dependent exocytotic and Ca+2- independent endocytotic events. Synaptotagmin III is a 63.2-kD member of the synaptotagmin homology group; one of its characteristic properties is the ability to bind divalent cations and accessory proteins promiscuously. In the cytosolic portion of this protein, a flexible seven–amino acid linker joins two homologous C2 domains. The C2A domain binds to phospholipid membranes and other accessory proteins in a divalent cation-dependent fashion. The C2B domain promotes binding to other C2B domains, as well as accessory proteins independent of divalent cations. The 3.2 Å crystal structure of synaptotagmin III, residues 295–566, which includes the C2A and C2B domains, exhibits differences in the shape of the Ca+2-binding pocket, the electrostatic surface potential, and the stoichiometry of bound divalent cations for the two domains. These observations may explain the disparate binding properties of the two domains. The C2A and the C2B domains do not interact; synaptotagmin, therefore, covalently links two independent C2 domains, each with potentially different binding partners. A model of synaptotagmin's involvement in Ca+2-dependent regulation of membrane fusion through its interaction with the SNARE complex is presented.
HCRL at NTCIR-10 MedNLP Task

This year’s MedNLP[1] has two tasks: de-identification and complaint and diagnosis. We tested both machine learning based methods and an ad-hoc rule-based method for the two tasks. For the de-identification task, the rule-based method got slightly higher results, while for the complaint and diagnosis task, the machine learning based method had much higher recalls and overall scores. These results suggest that these methods should be applied selectively depending on the nature of the information to be extracted, that is to say, whether it can be simply patternized or not.
Fixation-free methods in bleached reflection holography.

Recently, good reconstructions from bleached reflection holograms, which are rehalogenated without fixing, have been reported. In this paper the properties of those holograms, such as diffraction efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, and spectral response, are investigated. The holograms are recorded on Agfa-Gevaert 8E75 HD plates with a He–Ne laser, and the processing conditions to optimize their properties are determined by considering the hologram formation mechanism.
Capillary tortuosity in skeletal muscles of mammals depends on muscle contraction.

Capillary orientation (anisotropy) was compared in hindlimb muscles of mammals of different size and/or different aerobic capacity (dog, goat, pony, and calf). All muscles were fixed by vascular perfusion at sarcomere lengths ranging from 1.5 to 2.7 micron. The ratios of capillary counts per fiber cross-sectional area on two sets of sections (0 and 90 degrees) to the muscle fiber axis were used to estimate capillary anisotropy and the coefficient c(K,0) relating 1) capillary counts on transverse sections (a commonly used parameter to assess muscle capillarity) and 2) capillary length per volume of fiber (i.e., capillary length density). Capillary orientation parallel to the muscle fiber axis decreased substantially with muscle fiber shortening. In muscles fixed at sarcomere lengths of 2.69 microns (dog vastus intermedius) and 1.52 microns (dog gastrocnemius), capillary tortuosity and branching added 7 and 64%, respectively, to capillary length density. The data obtained in this study are highly consistent with the previously demonstrated relationship between capillary anisotropy and sarcomere length in extended vs. contracted rat muscles, by use of the same method. Capillary anisotropy in mammalian locomotory muscles is curvilinearly related to sarcomere length. No systematic difference was found in capillary tortuosity with either body size, athletic ability, or aerobic capacity. Capillary tortuosity is a consequence of fiber shortening rather than an indicator of the O2 requirements of the tissue.
Induction of Mucosal Tolerance to E-Selectin Prevents Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Spontaneously Hypertensive Genetically Stroke-Prone Rats

Background and Purpose— Inflammatory and immune mechanisms can precipitate cerebrovascular thrombosis and hemorrhage. Immunologic tolerance can be induced to a specific antigen by intranasal instillation of that antigen. Lymphocytes tolerized in this way provide local immunosuppression on restimulation with the same antigen. This study tests whether tolerization of lymphocytes to E-selectin can suppress local vessel activation and prevent stroke. Methods— Spontaneously hypertensive genetically stroke-prone rats (n=113) were distributed among the following studies: comparison of ischemic infarcts/intraparenchymal hemorrhages after single or repetitive tolerization schedules with ovalbumin, E-selectin, or PBS; comparison of E-selectin tolerization– and PBS tolerization–induced suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity in animals subsequently sensitized to E-selectin; and comparison of PBS–, ovalbumin–, and E-selectin–tolerized groups (after intravenous lipopolysaccharide to activate vessels) regarding transforming growth factor-&bgr;1–positive splenocyte counts, plasma interferon-&ggr; levels, anti-human E-selectin antibodies, endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and anti–endothelial cell antibodies. Results— Nasal instillation of E-selectin, which is specifically expressed on activated endothelium, potently inhibited the development of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats with untreated hypertension. Repeated schedules of tolerization were required to maintain the resistance to stroke. Suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity to E-selectin and increased numbers of transforming growth factor-&bgr;1–positive splenocytes showed that intranasal exposure to E-selectin induced immunologic tolerance. E-selectin tolerization also reduced endothelial activation and immune responses after intravenous lipopolysaccharide, as shown by marked suppression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, anti–endothelial cell antibodies on luminal endothelium, and plasma interferon-&ggr; levels compared with the control condition. Conclusions— The novel findings in this study support further investigation of immunologic tolerance as applied to the prevention of stroke.
An Empirical Study of Chinese Chunking

In this paper, we describe an empirical study of Chinese chunking on a corpus, which is extracted from UPENN Chinese Treebank-4 (CTB4). First, we compare the performance of the state-of-the-art machine learning models. Then we propose two approaches in order to improve the performance of Chinese chunking. 1) We propose an approach to resolve the special problems of Chinese chunking. This approach extends the chunk tags for every problem by a tag-extension function. 2) We propose two novel voting methods based on the characteristics of chunking task. Compared with traditional voting methods, the proposed voting methods consider long distance information. The experimental results show that the SVMs model outperforms the other models and that our proposed approaches can improve performance significantly.
Vision guided robotic block stacking

Industrial robots are precise and efficient at performing repetitive tasks. However, robots lack the ability to recognize and manipulate objects. They rely on human operators to translate the desired task into a set of operations that it can perform. The research area of bin-picking aims to provide robots with the ability to manipulate randomly ordered objects in unstructured environments. This research focuses on developing a robust vision guided robotic block pick-up and stacking system. We use binary markers to aid in block identification and localization, a custom 3D-printed gripper for robust grasping, and planning algorithms to determine the grasp sequence. By integrating a low-cost webcam with an industrial robot, our system is able to observe the block locations in a random pile, determine the appropriate response necessary to grasp, and sequence to remove blocks from a pile.
Photoacoustic measurement for glucose solution concentration based on tunable pulsed laser induced ultrasound

Noninvasive measurement of blood glucose concentration (BGC) has become a research hotspot. BGC measurement based on photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) was employed to detect the photoacoustic (PA) signal of blood glucose due to the advantages of avoiding the disturbance of optical scattering. In this paper, a set of custom-built BGC measurement system based on tunable optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pulsed laser and ultrasonic transducer was established to test the PA response effect of the glucose solution. In the experiments, we successfully acquired the time resolved PA signals of distilled water and glucose aqueous solution, and the PA peak-to-peak values(PPV) were gotten under the condition of excitated pulsed laser with changed wavelength from 1340nm to 2200nm by increasing interval of 10nm, the optimal characteristic wavelengths of distilled water and glucose solution were determined. Finally, to get the concentration prediction error, we used the linear fitting of ordinary least square (OLS) algorithm to fit the PPV of 1510nm, and we got the predicted concentration error was about 0.69mmol/L via the fitted linear equation. So, this system and scheme have some values in the research of noninvasive BGC measurement.
Homeostatic Agent for General Environment

Abstract One of the essential aspect in biological agents is dynamic stability. This aspect, called homeostasis, is widely discussed in ethology, neuroscience and during the early stages of artificial intelligence. Ashby’s homeostats are general-purpose learning machines for stabilizing essential variables of the agent in the face of general environments. However, despite their generality, the original homeostats couldn’t be scaled because they searched their parameters randomly. In this paper, first we re-define the objective of homeostats as the maximization of a multi-step survival probability from the view point of sequential decision theory and probabilistic theory. Then we show that this optimization problem can be treated by using reinforcement learning algorithms with special agent architectures and theoretically-derived intrinsic reward functions. Finally we empirically demonstrate that agents with our architecture automatically learn to survive in a given environment, including environments with visual stimuli. Our survival agents can learn to eat food, avoid poison and stabilize essential variables through theoretically-derived single intrinsic reward formulations.
GRB 050826: A Subluminous Event at z=0.296 Finds Its Place in the Luminosity Distribution of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows

We present the optical identification and spectroscopy of the host galaxy of GRB 050826 at redshift z = 0.296 ± 0.001. Image subtraction among observations obtained on three consecutive nights reveals a fading object 5 hr after the burst, confirming its identification as the optical afterglow of this event. Deep imaging shows that the optical afterglow is offset by 0.4'' (1.76 kpc) from the center of its irregular host galaxy, which is typical for long-duration gamma-ray bursts. Combining these results with X-ray measurements acquired by the Swift XRT instrument, we find that GRB 050826 falls entirely within the subluminous, subenergetic group of long gamma-ray bursts at low redshift (z ≲ 0.3). The results are discussed in the context of models that possibly account for this trend, including the nature of the central engine, the evolution of progenitor properties as a function of redshift, and incompleteness in current gamma-ray burst samples.
Effective typestate verification in the presence of aliasing

This article addresses the challenge of sound typestate verification, with acceptable precision, for real-world Java programs. We present a novel framework for verification of typestate properties, including several new techniques to precisely treat aliases without undue performance costs. In particular, we present a flow-sensitive, context-sensitive, integrated verifier that utilizes a parametric abstract domain combining typestate and aliasing information. To scale to real programs without compromising precision, we present a staged verification system in which faster verifiers run as early stages which reduce the workload for later, more precise, stages. We have evaluated our framework on a number of real Java programs, checking correct API usage for various Java standard libraries. The results show that our approach scales to hundreds of thousands of lines of code, and verifies correctness for 93% of the potential points of failure.
Synthesis of CZTS in Aqueous Media Using Microwave Irradiation

Copper-Zinc-Tin-Sulfide (CZTS), a promising material for absorber layer application in thin film solar cells, has been synthesized in aqueous media by microwave irradiation technique. Compared to conventional synthesis methods, microwave irradiation is highly efficient, reliable, and less time consuming. The synthesized nanopowders were characterized for particle size by dynamic light scattering (DLS), phase by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and band-gap by UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Various atmospheric processing methods are being evaluated for the deposition of absorber layers from CZTS nanopowder based ink.
Testbed for information extraction from deep web

Search results generated by searchable databases are served dynamically and far larger than the static documents on the Web. These results pages have been referred to as the Deep Web. We need to extract the target data in results pages to integrate them on different searchable databases. We propose a test bed for information extraction from search results. We chose 100 databases randomly from 114,540 pages with search forms. Therefore, these databases have a good variety. We selected 51 databases which include URLs in a results pageand manually identify target information to be extracted. We also suggest evaluation measures for comparing extraction methods and methods for extending the target data.
Autonomous uplink intercell interference coordination in OFDMA-based wireless systems

The inter-cell interference (ICI) problem in OFDMA-based wireless systems becomes a major impediment to attaining high rates particularly for cell-edge users in reuse-1 systems. Interference mitigation techniques attempt to combat ICI by using proper resource allocation schemes. Using centralized algorithms is not practical, particularly in HetNet environments, as these algorithms require intensive signaling, interference, and channel state information that may not always be practically available. In this paper, we present a framework for autonomous uplink ICIC in OFDMA-based wireless systems. The framework is based on imposing an overall interference limit for each cell. We use the proportional fair algorithm for resource block assignment and the power allocation problem is formulated as a maximization of the sum of the signal to leakage and noise ratio (SLNR) subject to the cell interference on other cells below a certain threshold. We propose a suboptimal closed form method, and an iterative allocation using Newton's method. These schemes do not need coordination between the cells where the resource allocation can completely be performed autonomously. Simulations show that relaxing the interference constraints improves the performance of the two proposed algorithms which exhibit better performance than the trivial equal power allocation. Comparison with a centralized scheme that uses global information shows good performance with acceptable degradation in the spectral efficiency which decreases as the interference limit increases.
Keep It Flexible: Driving Macromolecular Rotary Motions in Atomistic Simulations with GROMACS

We describe a versatile method to enforce the rotation of subsets of atoms, e.g., a protein subunit, in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In particular, we introduce a “flexible axis” technique that allows realistic flexible adaptions of both the rotary subunit as well as the local rotation axis during the simulation. A variety of useful rotation potentials were implemented for the GROMACS 4.5 MD package. Application to the molecular motor F1-ATP synthase demonstrates the advantages of the flexible axis approach over the established fixed axis rotation technique.
A conducting polymer with enhanced electronic stability applied in cardiac models

Researchers develop sutureless conductive patch with enhanced biostability and effect on heart conduction velocity. Electrically active constructs can have a beneficial effect on electroresponsive tissues, such as the brain, heart, and nervous system. Conducting polymers (CPs) are being considered as components of these constructs because of their intrinsic electroactive and flexible nature. However, their clinical application has been largely hampered by their short operational time due to a decrease in their electronic properties. We show that, by immobilizing the dopant in the conductive scaffold, we can prevent its electric deterioration. We grew polyaniline (PANI) doped with phytic acid on the surface of a chitosan film. The strong chelation between phytic acid and chitosan led to a conductive patch with retained electroactivity, low surface resistivity (35.85 ± 9.40 kilohms per square), and oxidized form after 2 weeks of incubation in physiological medium. Ex vivo experiments revealed that the conductive nature of the patch has an immediate effect on the electrophysiology of the heart. Preliminary in vivo experiments showed that the conductive patch does not induce proarrhythmogenic activities in the heart. Our findings set the foundation for the design of electronically stable CP-based scaffolds. This provides a robust conductive system that could be used at the interface with electroresponsive tissue to better understand the interaction and effect of these materials on the electrophysiology of these tissues.
Adaptive Inference for Multi-Stage Survey Data

Multi-level models can be used to account for clustering in data from multi-stage surveys. In some cases, the intraclass correlation may be close to zero, so that it may seem reasonable to ignore clustering and fit a single-level model. This article proposes several adaptive strategies for allowing for clustering in regression analysis of multi-stage survey data. The approach is based on testing whether the PSU-level variance component is zero. If this hypothesis is retained, then variance estimates are calculated ignoring clustering; otherwise, clustering is reflected in variance estimation. A simple simulation study is used to evaluate the various procedures.
Fault Detection Using Canonical Variate Analysis

The system identification method canonical variate analysis (CVA) has attracted much attention from researchers for its ability to identify multivariable state-space models using experimental data. A model identified using CVA can use several methods for fault detection. Two standard methods are investigated in this paper: the first is based on Kalman filter residuals for the CVA model, the second on canonical variable residuals. In addition, a third method is proposed that uses the local approach for detecting changes in the canonical variable coefficients. The detection methods are evaluated using three simulation examples; the examples consider the effects of feedback control; process nonlinearities; and multivariable, serially correlated data. The simulations consider several types of common process faults, including sensor faults, load disturbances, and process changes. The simulation results indicate that the local approach provides a very sensitive method for detecting process changes that are dif.