Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heparan sulfate mimetics can efficiently mobilize long-term hematopoietic stem cells

Background Although mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells can be achieved with a combination of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and plerixafor (AMD3100), improving approaches for hematopoietic progenitor cell mobilization is clinically important. Design and Methods Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are ubiquitous macromolecules associated with the extracellular matrix that regulates biology of hematopoietic stem cells. We studied the effects of a new family of synthetic oligosaccharides mimicking heparan sulfate on hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. These oligosaccharides were administered intravenously alone or in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and/or AMD3100 in mice. Mobilized hematopoietic cells were counted and phenotyped at different times and the ability of mobilized hematopoietic stem cells to reconstitute long-term hematopoiesis was determined by competitive transplantation into syngenic lethally irradiated mice followed by secondary transplantation. Results Mimetics of heparan sulfate induced rapid mobilization of B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells. They increased the mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells more than 3-fold when added to the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/AMD3100 association. Hematopoietic stem cells mobilized by mimetics of heparan sulfate or by the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/AMD3100/mimetics association were as effective as hematopoietic stem cells mobilized by the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/AMD3100 association for primary and secondary hematopoietic reconstitution of lethally irradiated mice. Conclusions This new family of mobilizing agents could alone or in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and/or AMD3100 mobilize a high number of hematopoietic stem cells that were able to maintain long-term hematopoiesis. These results strengthen the role of heparan sulfates in the retention of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and support the use of small glyco-drugs based on heparan sulfate in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and AMD3100 to improve high stem cell mobilization, particularly in a prospect of use in human therapeutics.
Monetary Policy and Asset Prices with Belief-Driven Fluctuations and News Shocks

We present a New-Keynesian DSGE model where stock price ‡uctuations have real eects both via the demand and the supply side. Direct wealth eects on aggregate consumption arise because of a constant turnover between long-time traders and newcomers in …nancial markets. The presence of credit market frictions and costly loan generation on the supply side implies a direct impact of stock prices on marginal costs and hence in‡ation. After calibrating the economy to capture some key features of the 1990-2007 US data, we show that strict in‡ation targeting induces equilibrium indeterminacy, even if the policy rule satis…es the Taylor principle. Our numerical analysis shows that belief shocks originating from the stock market can account for the observed relative volatilities of some key …nancial variables in the data. We show that monetary policy can eliminate the non-fundamental (stock market related) aggregate ‡uctuations by including a mild response to the stock price index in its policy rule. Furthermore, in addition to restoring determinacy, the policy response to stock prices can also smooth boom-bust cycles generated by new shocks to fundamentals.
Safer Cities: A Macro-Level Analysis of Recent Immigration, Hispanic-Owned Businesses, and Crime Rates in the United States

ABSTRACT: As the literature examining the relationship between immigration and crime continues to evolve, scholars are now searching for ways to expand this link conceptually. Hand in hand with immigration, the number of Hispanic-owned businesses has grown at rates far exceeding the growth rate for all US businesses over the past two decades, carrying the expectation of local and national government officials of bringing jobs and revenue back into the economy. Yet research on how this growth in minority-owned businesses can help explain ecological crime variation is scarce. This study examines the role of Hispanic-owned businesses in the relationship between immigration and total property and violent crime rates, confirming that cities with higher rates of new immigration are not associated with higher violent crime rates, and have significantly lower property crime rates. Additional analyses examining whether this relationship is mediated by the presence of Hispanic-owned businesses also yield empirical support. The presence of Hispanic-owned businesses was found to attenuate the new immigration–property crime relationship significantly, and to render the association of immigration and property crime rates nonsignificant. The implications of these findings will be discussed, in so far as they relate to both public policy and research on immigration and crime.
Correction for Berk et al., Structural basis for mRNA and tRNA positioning on the ribosome

Protein synthesis requires the accurate positioning of mRNA and tRNA in the peptidyl-tRNA site of the ribosome. Here we describe x-ray crystal structures of the intact bacterial ribosome from Escherichia coli in a complex with mRNA and the anticodon stem-loop of P-site tRNA. At 3.5-A resolution, these structures reveal rearrangements in the intact ribosome that clamp P-site tRNA and mRNA on the small ribosomal subunit. Binding of the anticodon stem-loop of P-site tRNA to the ribosome is sufficient to lock the head of the small ribosomal subunit in a single conformation, thereby preventing movement of mRNA and tRNA before mRNA decoding.
Combining ensemble technique of support vector machines with the optimal kernel method for hyperspectral image classification

In remote sensing researches, the curse of dimensionality is one greatly difficult classification problem. Many studies have demonstrated that multiple classifier systems, such as the random subspace method (RSM), can alleviate small sample size and high dimensionality concern and obtain more outstanding and robust results than a single classifier on extensive pattern recognition issues. A dynamic subspace method (DSM) was proposed for constructing component classifiers with adaptive subspaces to adjust the shortcomings of RSM based on resubstitution accuracy by applying each classifier. However, the performances of SVMs are based on choosing the proper kernel functions or proper parameters of a kernel function. The objective of this research is to develop a novel ensemble technique based on support vector machines (SVMs) via the optimal kernel method, and propose a novel subspace selection mechanism, named the kernel-based dynamic subspace method (KDSM), to improve DSM on automatically determining dimensionality and selecting component dimensions for diverse subspaces. Experimental results show a sound performance of classification on the famous hyperspectral images, Washington DC Mall.
Communicating about Wildlife-associated Disease Risks in National Parks

Introduction Our world is filled with risks.The spate of natural and human-made disasters occurring across the globe that has captured our attention over the last decade has brought this point home for even those least affected. The way people perceive and come to understand risks of many kinds is having consequences at multiple levels, some of which are relevant to US national parks. Political theorists, sociologists, and anthropologists have argued that people are increasingly focusing on risks and hazards when they make decisions and contemplate governmental and societal actions (Giddens 1990; Douglas 1992; Beck 1999). One type of risk in the public and scientific consciousness that many parks need to pay more attention to is that posed by wildlife–associated diseases (Gortázar et al. 2007). Informing people about avoiding or minimizing exposure to these and other risks associated with park visits may become an imperative for park managers intent on keeping outdoor experiences attractive for citizens. Concern about wildlife disease is increasing because outbreaks are occurring more often than ever before in modern times (Jones et al. 2008; Keesing et al. 2010). A growing human population, global movement of people and exotic animals, and encroachment on wildlife habitat for agricultural and urban development are drivers in the expansion of wildlife-associated diseases (Baretto 2003; Wobeser 2006). Additionally, scientists expect global climate change to aggravate the spread of wildlife-associated disease by increasing vulnerability of potential host populations to infection through intensifying environmental stress, lengthening the pathogen transmission season, reducing biodiversity, and expanding the geographic ranges of pathogens and vectors (IAFWA 2005; Keesing et al. 2010; Kutz et al. 2008). The bottom line: we can expect an increase in the incidence and prevalence of wildlife-associated disease. Wildlife-associated diseases may be potential hazards of management importance in any park, but this is especially true for those parks where visitors and wildlife interact regularly. Knowledge of how people perceive and react to such hazards can help managers develop effective responses, including tailoring risk communication messages to specific audiences
Restrictions to Floor Plate Induction by hedgehog and Winged-Helix Genes in the Neural Tube of Frog Embryos

Intercellular signaling molecules of the vertebrate hedgehog family and transcription factors of the winged-helix family have been implicated in floor plate development. We have examined the consequences of misexpressing the vertebrate hedgehog gene vhh-1 (sonic hedgehog, shh) and the winged-helix gene HNF-3 beta in the neural plate and neural tube of frog embryos. Misexpression of either of these genes induces floor plate differentiation at ectopic locations. However, ectopic floor plate induction in response to both vhh-1 and HNF-3 beta was temporally and spatially restricted. At neural plate stages, ectopic floor plate differentiation was not detected. After neural tube closure, ectopic floor plate differentiation was detected but was restricted predominantly to the dorsal region of the neural tube. The ability of winged-helix and vertebrate hedgehog genes to induce floor plate differentiation in vivo may, therefore, be constrained by additional signals that specify the time and position of floor plate differentiation.
AMPK regulates basal skeletal muscle capillarization and VEGF expression, but is not necessary for the angiogenic response to exercise

5′‐AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic fuel sensor that monitors cellular energy charge, while the vasculature is important for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis. Mice with muscle‐specific inactive AMPK (AMPK DN) were used to investigate if AMPK regulates skeletal muscle capillarization and the angiogenic responses to exercise. Two hours of the AMP analogue AICAR (1.0 g kg−1) or systemic hypoxia (6% O2) increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA in wild‐type (WT), but not in AMPK DN mice. In contrast, the increase in VEGF mRNA with acute exercise (1 h at 20 m min−1, 10% gradient) was greater in AMPK DN compared to WT mice. Nuclear run‐on assay demonstrated that exercise increased VEGF transcription, while hypoxia decreased VEGF transcription. There was no difference in VEGF transcription between WT and AMPK DN. There was a strong correlation between VEGF transcription and VEGF mRNA at rest and with exercise. Resting capillarization was lower in AMPK DN compared to WT. Wheel running (28 days) increased capillarization and this response was AMPK independent. Significant correlations between VEGF protein and muscle capillarization are consistent with VEGF being an important determinant of skeletal muscle capillarization. These data are to our knowledge the first to demonstrate in skeletal muscle in vivo that: (1) AMPK is necessary for hypoxia‐induced VEGF mRNA stabilization, (2) acute exercise increases VEGF transcription, (3) inhibition of AMPK augments the VEGF mRNA response to acute exercise, and (4) AMPK regulates basal VEGF expression and capillarization, but is not necessary for exercise‐induced angiogenesis.
Research on the management of innovation : the Minnesota studies

This is a reprint of a classic work of research on innovation first published in 1989. Resulting from the Minnesota Innovation Research Program (MIRP), the book includes a revised and expanded Preface and will complement the three other books growing out of the program, all published by Oxford: The Innovation Journey (1999), Organizational Change Processes: Theory and Methods for Research (2000), and Handbook of Organizational Change and Development (coming 2001).
Marketing Effectiveness and Customer Retention in the Service Sector

Recent years have witnessed a growth in the number of studies relating to service orgrrnisations. This steady stream of literature could be attributed to the continuous expansion of the service sector and its increasing contribution to the advancement of many economies. In this context, issues associated with marketing and performance outcomes which managers can influence directly have received a great deal of attention. This research focuses on an empirical investigation of the relationship between marketing effectiveness and customer retention performance in an attempt to contribute to the growing body of conceptual and empiricul knowledge on the links between marketing and performance among service firms. Drawing on our results which indicate a significant and positive association between marketing effectiveness and customer retention, implications of the findings for service firm managers as well as future research directions are subsequently discussed.
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) Normative Elevation Rates: Comparisons With Epidemiological Prevalence Rates

Odland, Berthelson, Sharma, Martin, and Mittenberg (2013) caution that clinically elevated scale scores produced by members of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008/2011) normative sample raise concerns about the potential for false positive findings of psychopathology. However, the MMPI-2-RF normative sample is intended to represent the general population of the United States, 26.2% of which met criteria for a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (APA, 1994) disorder in a 12-month period (Kessler, Chiu, Demler, & Walters, 2005). In the current study we compare scale elevation rates in the MMPI-2-RF normative sample to prevalence rates of mental disorders primarily drawn from the National Comorbidity Study Replication (Kessler et al., 2005). Our objective was to evaluate MMPI-2-RF elevation rates in an epidemiological context. Results indicate that MMPI-2-RF scale elevation rates were generally consistent with epidemiological data when examined in the context of standard interpretation guidelines for the inventory. We also reiterate Ben-Porath and Tellegen’s (2008/2011) caution that MMPI-2-RF scale elevations alone are not sufficient to indicate the presence of psychiatric disorder. Rather they are best viewed as indications of the need to evaluate the individual for possible disorder(s). Implications of these results, limitations of this study, and future directions in research are discussed.
Corporate sustainability strategies: sustainability profiles and maturity levels

Although many companies investigate sustainability management and publish sustainability reports, their main focus in this endeavour remains unclear. Often, it seems that sustainability issues are pursued more coincidentally than with a clear strategy. On one hand, research is done for the identifi cation and determination of distinct aspects concerning economic, ecological and social dimensions of sustainability. Guidelines to develop a sustainability report are popular examples of this. On the other hand, scientifi c effort is recognizable regarding the establishment of specifi c sustainability strategies, e.g. strategies that focus on internal/external orientation of sustainability commitment. Strategies should be designed to work to improve performance in terms of the issues identifi ed, but in many cases the link between aspects and sustainability strategies is missing in practice. This paper aims to narrow this gap by developing specifi c aspect profi les for sustainability strategies. Relating to the characteristics of various sustainability strategies, key sustainability issues are determined, which have to be implemented in order to reach defi ned sustainability goals effi ciently. The paper helps companies that already commit to sustainability to verify whether they are consistent in the implementation of a distinct sustainability strategy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Trade and intellectual property rights as channels for economic growth

This paper investigates two prominent potential drivers of long-run economic growth: a country’s trade regime and its intellectual property rights (IPR) regime, as well as their interaction. We characterize the combination of these policy-driven regimes as a country’s technology development regime. To test the importance of our specification of the technology regime, the paper derives a parsimonious model for testing their impact on the growth of living standards. The empirical analysis is conducted using a panel of 24 developed countries and 78 developing countries spanning 1980–2005. Our estimates highlight the importance of the technology development regime variables in driving the growth of gross domestic product per capita. In particular, the IPR regime stands out for its direct impact on growth and as a channel through which trade interacts to impact growth. The results support the view that a country’s graduating into the ranks of higher income status may require that both IPR and trade regimes, particularly the former, be well developed.
Towards Multi-parametric Hub Scoring of Functional Cortical Brain Networks: An Electroencephalographic (EEG) Study Across Lifespan

The attractiveness and robustness of graph theory has stimulated an unprecedented increase in studies aiming to understand the functional organization and dynamics of the brain. The investigation of brain connectomics produces a tremendous amount of data which may be examined at both a macroscopic and microscopic level. However, the interpretation of findings is still challenging. Novel methodological approaches should enhance the arsenal of the tools employed towards the understanding of the interaction of the distinct brain components. So, in this paper we propose a multi-parametric approach to identify cortical components that co-ordinate the activity of specific sub-networks and converge the information integration to a global network level. It also provides a quantification of the hubs strength, which may be useful to investigate how hubs develop and change across the life-span. Thus, it is hypothesized the proposed methodology could serve as a robust outcome measure for identifying the benefits of traditional dance intervention in terms of functional re-organization and neuroplasticity.
INNOVATION FORECASTING USING BIBLIOMETRICS

Counting research and development publication and patent activity can help generate competitive technical intelligence. Combining such counts with content analyses oriented toward “innovation success factors” can greatly enrich the intelligence value. The authors offer a framework of three types of technological innovation indicators—life cycle, contextual influences, and value chain/market prospects. They illustrate how these aid a case analysis of the application of ceramics to tank and automotive engines. The case demonstrates how use of these types of indicators can efficiently and effectively scan broad domains of the competitive landscape, and justify strategic decisions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Immigration, FDI, and International Trade

This paper examines the interactions among immigrants, inbound FDI, and imports in the U.S. In testing the patterns of international movements of factors of production, most existing analyses have omitted the role of international trade. On the other hand, research on the relationship between FDI and international trade has neglected the importance of international labor movements. This study uses a vector error correction model to consider all three variables. Using U.S. annual data from 1969 to 2000, I find that labor and FDI move in the same direction and labor movements cause FDI movements. In addition, I also find that inbound FDI and imports are substitutes.
Generating Change: Multisectoral Perspectives of Key Facilitators and Barriers to Food System Policy Making

The objective of this research is to identify key contextual factors, facilitators, and barriers associated with food system policy making using a case study of Waterloo Region (Ontario, Canada). Participants were invited to discuss the development and adoption of food policies in the Regional Official Plan (ROP). Forty-seven in-depth interviews were conducted with regional decision makers, public health and regional planning staff experts, municipal planners, and food system stakeholders. Grounded theory analyses identified key emergent themes associated with food system policy making and change. The strategic nature of food policy making was consistently identified. Planning's need for internal supporters to protect agricultural land from sprawl and Public Health's concern for farmer viability and food access forged a strategic partnership that was identified as an important contextual factor advancing the agenda developing the ROP. Key facilitators included food system groundwork, internal and external partnerships, and incremental transfer of knowledge to decision makers. Navigating a new area of practice, resource constraints and tensions with planners were discussed as barriers. A food system policy frame helped minimize tensions and led to greater support for food policies. This research suggests a positive shift in community planning considerations and offers new insight into the role of public health professionals in the development of supportive regional food policies. The GENERATE change model is presented as a guide for multisectoral engagement, dialogue, and action.