Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Screening and Toxicity Studies on the Leaves of Capparis sepiaria Linn. (Capparidaceae)

Capparis sepiaria Linn. (Family: Capparidaceae) is a rare indigenous in South India but has widespread distribution in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. The present study intended with various phytochemical screening and toxicity studies were carried out on the leaves of the Capparis sepiaria. Preliminary phytochemical evaluation of the ethanolic extract of revealed that the presence of reducing sugar, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, gums, resins, amino acids, proteins and anthraquinones. The toxicity studies were performed as acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity determined the LD50 value of 300-5000 mg/kg body weight 4-6 weeks. The results of the various phytochemical tests indicated that the plant to be rich in various biologically active compounds which could serve as potential source of the crude drugs and in addition the plant is not toxic to the experimental model.
128-channel fully differential digital neural recording and stimulation interface

We present a fully differential 128-channel integrated neural interface. It consists of an array of 8×16 low-power low-noise signal recording and generation channels for electrical neural activity monitoring and stimulation, respectively. The recording channel has two stages of signal amplification and conditioning with a programmable gain of 54dB to 73dB, and a fully differential 8-bit column-parallel successive approximation (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The design is implemented in a 0. 35µm CMOS technology with the channel pitch of 200µm. The total measured power consumption of each recording channel including the SAR ADC is 15. 5µW. The measured input referred noise is 6. 08µVrms over a 5kHz bandwidth.
Topology control algorithm using fault-tolerant 1-spanner for wireless ad hoc networks

A fault-tolerant 1-spanner is used to preserve all the minimum energy paths after node failures to cope with fault-tolerant topology control problems in wireless ad hoc networks. A fault-tolerant 1-spanner is a graph such that the remaining graph after node failures will not only remain connected, but also have a stretch factor of one. The fault-tolerant 1-spanner is used in a localized and distributed topology control al- gorithm, named the k-Fault-Tolerant 1-Spanner (k-FT1S), where each node constructs a minimum energy path tree for every local failed node set. This paper proves that the topology constructed by k-FT1S is a k-fault-tolerant 1-spanner that can tolerate up to k node failures, such that the remaining network after node failures preserves all the minimum energy paths of the remaining network gained from the initial network by removing the same failed nodes. Simulations show that the remaining network after removal of any k nodes still has the optimal energy efficiency and is competitive in terms of average logical degree, average physi- cal degree, and average transmission radius.
What patients can survive disease free after complete resection for hepatocellular carcinoma?: A multivariate analysis.

BACKGROUND Although there have been extensive studies to determine risk factors affecting survival after resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we still do not know which patients can survive disease free after curative resection. This study was undertaken to determine independent risk factors affecting the length of disease-free survival. METHODS 171 patients, who survived disease free more than 1 year after curative resection, were divided into four groups according to the disease-free period: Group I (n = 96) for the patients with intrahepatic recurrence between 1 and 3 postoperative years, Group II(n = 27) for those between 3 and 5 years, Group III (n = 40) for those between 5 and 10 years and Group IV (n = 8) for those without recurrence within 10 years. The 37 variables (host factors, tumor factors, non-tumor liver factors, surgical factors) were compared among the four groups. Activity of hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis was scored by the Histological Activity Index (HAI). In a multivariate study, possible prognostic variables with a statistical difference in the disease-free survival rate among each category were preliminarily selected from the 37 variables and the independent variables were finally selected using a proportional hazard analysis. RESULTS The patients' age, indocyanine green retention rate, microscopic tumor capsular invasion and portal invasion, cell differentiation, extent of hepatectomy, aggressiveness of chronic hepatitis and inflammatory activity assessed by HAI score were significantly different among the four groups. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables were selected as the independent determinants favorable for achieving a longer disease-free period: younger age, lower indocyanine green retention rate, solitary HCC with expansive growth, no microscopic portal invasion and lower activity of co-existing hepatitis. CONCLUSIONS The importance of inflammatory activity in addition to aging, hepatic reserve and tumor characteristics was confirmed as a risk factor for recurrence by multivariate analysis. To achieve better disease-free survival, not only early detection but also suppression of co-existing hepatitis is necessary.
Lightweight Automatic Resource Scaling for Multi-tier Web Applications

Dynamic resource scaling is a key property of cloud computing. Users can acquire or release required capacity for their applications on-the-fly. The most widely used and practical approach for dynamic scaling based on predefined policies (rules). For example, IaaS providers such as RightScale asks application owners to manually set the scaling rules. This task assumes, that the user has an expertise knowledge about the application being run on the cloud. However, it is not always true. In this paper we propose a lightweight adaptive multi-tier scaling framework VscalerLight, which learns scaling policy online. Our framework performs fine-grained vertical resource scaling of multi-tier web application. We present the design and implementation of VscalerLight. We evaluate the framework against widely used RUBiS benchmark. Results show that the application under control of VscalerLight guarantees 95th percentile response time specified in SLA.
Developmental dissociation in morphological evolution of the stickleback opercle

Oceanic threespine sticklebacks have repeatedly and independently evolved new morphologies upon invasions of freshwater habitats. A consistent derived feature of the freshwater form across populations and geography is a shape change of the opercle, a large early developing facial bone. We show that the principal multivariate axis describing opercle shape development from the young larva to the full adult stage of oceanic fish matches the principal axis of evolutionary change associated with relocation from the oceanic to freshwater habitat. The opercle phenotype of freshwater adults closely resembles the phenotype of the bone in juveniles. Thus, evolution to the freshwater condition is in large part by truncation of development; the freshwater fish do not achieve the full ancestral adult bone shape. Additionally, the derived state includes dissociated ontogenetic changes. Dissociability may reflect an underlying modular pattern of opercle development, and facilitate flexibility of morphological evolution.
Time Course Exo-Metabolomic Profiling in the Green Marine Macroalga Ulva (Chlorophyta) for Identification of Growth Phase-Dependent Biomarkers

The marine green macroalga Ulva (Chlorophyta) lives in a mutualistic symbiosis with bacteria that influence growth, development, and morphogenesis. We surveyed changes in Ulva’s chemosphere, which was defined as a space where organisms interact with each other via compounds, such as infochemicals, nutrients, morphogens, and defense compounds. Thereby, Ulva mutabilis cooperates with bacteria, in particular, Roseovarius sp. strain MS2 and Maribacter sp. strain MS6 (formerly identified as Roseobacter sp. strain MS2 and Cytophaga sp. strain MS6). Without this accompanying microbial flora, U. mutabilis forms only callus-like colonies. However, upon addition of the two bacteria species, in effect forming a tripartite community, morphogenesis can be completely restored. Under this strictly standardized condition, bioactive and eco-physiologically-relevant marine natural products can be discovered. Solid phase extracted waterborne metabolites were analyzed using a metabolomics platform, facilitating gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, combined with the necessary acquisition of biological metadata. Multivariate statistics of the GC-MS and LC-MS data revealed strong differences between Ulva’s growth phases, as well as between the axenic Ulva cultures and the tripartite community. Waterborne biomarkers, including glycerol, were identified as potential indicators for algal carbon source and bacterial-algal interactions. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that U. mutabilis releases glycerol that can be utilized for growth by Roseovarius sp. MS2.
Development and use of dynamic product-line architectures

Software product families are used to shorten time-to-market, improve quality and lower cost, by means of effective reuse. The paper presents the results of case study conducted at four Swedish companies that are involved in either the development of or development with a software product family. Several issues, such as inter-organisational development of platforms, platforms that employ dynamic reconfiguration, and platforms as a vehicle to achieve certain quality attributes, are identified and discussed. Issues are analysed, and it is demonstrated how these can be deduced as shortcomings in scoping and variability management for nonfunctional quality attributes and dynamic architectures.
Statistical Methods Used to Test for Agreement of Medical Instruments Measuring Continuous Variables in Method Comparison Studies: A Systematic Review

Background Accurate values are a must in medicine. An important parameter in determining the quality of a medical instrument is agreement with a gold standard. Various statistical methods have been used to test for agreement. Some of these methods have been shown to be inappropriate. This can result in misleading conclusions about the validity of an instrument. The Bland-Altman method is the most popular method judging by the many citations of the article proposing this method. However, the number of citations does not necessarily mean that this method has been applied in agreement research. No previous study has been conducted to look into this. This is the first systematic review to identify statistical methods used to test for agreement of medical instruments. The proportion of various statistical methods found in this review will also reflect the proportion of medical instruments that have been validated using those particular methods in current clinical practice. Methodology/Findings Five electronic databases were searched between 2007 and 2009 to look for agreement studies. A total of 3,260 titles were initially identified. Only 412 titles were potentially related, and finally 210 fitted the inclusion criteria. The Bland-Altman method is the most popular method with 178 (85%) studies having used this method, followed by the correlation coefficient (27%) and means comparison (18%). Some of the inappropriate methods highlighted by Altman and Bland since the 1980s are still in use. Conclusions This study finds that the Bland-Altman method is the most popular method used in agreement research. There are still inappropriate applications of statistical methods in some studies. It is important for a clinician or medical researcher to be aware of this issue because misleading conclusions from inappropriate analyses will jeopardize the quality of the evidence, which in turn will influence quality of care given to patients in the future.
Strategic Risk Factors for Indian Stock Markets

The present study intends to find out the strategic risk factors and their influence on the Indian capital market (stock market) by using monthly time series data from April 1999 to March 2015. It used factor analysis, lag length analysis, break point test, unit root test and Johansen conintegration analysis. Results show that global financial markets, price-earnings ratio, inflation, industrial production, forex rate and dividend yield have significant impact on Indian stock markets. The short run analysis suggests that Indian stock prices are adjusted monthly by its previous month levels as well as previous month’s global stock markets and consumer price index (inflation) in short run (monthly) basis. The study concludes that in long run global financial markets, price-earnings ratio, inflation, industrial production, forex rate and dividend yield acts as source of systematic risk factor for Indian stock markets while in short run previous levels of stock market and inflation acts as systematic risk factor for Indian stock markets.
Fault Diagnosis Method Based on LSA and SVM

Against the application problems of support vector machine in fault diagnosis, the paper introduces a new diagnosis method, which combines latent semantic analysis with improved support vector machine. With latent semantic analysis realizing sample datum feature extraction and dimensionality reduction to solve the training and diagnosing speed problem, resulted from a number of high-dimensional sample datum; and with the improved max-wins-voting strategy one-versus-one classification to solve the unclassifiable problem in conventional method, improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault diagnosis. Applying the above method to fault diagnosis for a certain type of missile, the accuracy could reach to more than 94%,and the experimental results demonstrates the superiority of the presented method and its applied value. Keywords-fault diagnosis; support vector machine;latent semantic analysis
- 1-Simulation of the flow around a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine : LS-DYNA ® v 980

The future 980 version of LS-DYNA ® will include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) so lvers. The main objective of these new solvers will be to perf orm fluid structure interactions by directly solvin g the Navier-Stokes equations and by using any LS-DYN A Lagrangian model for the solid part. In the process of evaluating the new possibilities offered by these new solvers, in particular concerning flu id structure interaction, AS+ has worked in partnershi p with both industrial and academic clients on the case of a vertical axe wind turbine which was used in the French around the world boat race “Vendée Globe”. The final objective of these simulations is to test various turbine shapes and airfoils in order to determine which one would offer the best aerodynami c behavior without any compromise to its structural behavior. Tests were therefore first con ducted on static or oscillating airfoils. Then, 2D simulations of various turbine shapes were performe d before aiming for the complete 3D simulation of the problem. This paper aims to highlight the main features of t he new incompressible solver by presenting the results obtained on one of the first industrial cas es that use the new v980 version. Figure 1 Darrieus Wind Turbine Embarked on R. Dinelli’s Sailing Boat During the “Vendée Globe” World Boat Race
Topology-Aware Road Network Extraction via Multi-Supervised Generative Adversarial Networks

Road network extraction from remote sensing images has played an important role in various areas. However, due to complex imaging conditions and terrain factors, such as occlusion and shades, it is very challenging to extract road networks with complete topology structures. In this paper, we propose a learning-based road network extraction framework via a Multi-supervised Generative Adversarial Network (MsGAN), which is jointly trained by the spectral and topology features of the road network. Such a design makes the network capable of learning how to “guess” the aberrant road cases, which is caused by occlusion and shadow, based on the relationship between the road region and centerline; thus, it is able to provide a road network with integrated topology. Additionally, we also present a sample quality measurement to efficiently generate a large number of training samples with a little human interaction. Through the experiments on images from various satellites and the comprehensive comparisons to state-of-the-art approaches on the public datasets, it is demonstrated that the proposed method is able to provide high-quality results, especially for the completeness of the road network.
Development of motion-maker for an android

An android is a robot which resembles human especially appearance and behavior. This robot is usually used for an emcee, a desk clerk, a teacher and so on. Its motion should be accurate and correspond to what it tells because a little difference of motion may bring misunderstanding. Comparing a humanoid, an android should resemble human more strictly because not-quite-high quality of mimicry leads peoplepsilas hatred.
Control of Initiation of DNA Replication in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli

Initiation of DNA Replication is tightly regulated in all cells since imbalances in chromosomal copy number are deleterious and often lethal. In bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, at the point of cytokinesis, there must be two complete copies of the chromosome to partition into the daughter cells following division at mid-cell during vegetative growth. Under conditions of rapid growth, when the time taken to replicate the chromosome exceeds the doubling time of the cells, there will be multiple initiations per cell cycle and daughter cells will inherit chromosomes that are already undergoing replication. In contrast, cells entering the sporulation pathway in B. subtilis can do so only during a short interval in the cell cycle when there are two, and only two, chromosomes per cell, one destined for the spore and one for the mother cell. Here, we briefly describe the overall process of DNA replication in bacteria before reviewing initiation of DNA replication in detail. The review covers DnaA-directed assembly of the replisome at oriC and the multitude of mechanisms of regulation of initiation, with a focus on the similarities and differences between E. coli and B. subtilis.
IR-Seluge: Interference-resilient code dissemination in wireless sensor networks

Code dissemination, which refers to the process of propagating a new code image to deployed sensor nodes through wireless links, is an essential service for wireless sensor networks. It must guarantee that every node in a network correctly receives a complete code image. Several methods have been developed for reliable and efficient code dissemination in wireless sensor networks. However, none of them considers the negative impact of environmental and unintentional wireless interference. In particular, all exist ing approaches will fail if severe interference exists in a sing le channel (e.g., control channel). To address this problem, w e present an interference-resilient code dissemination sys tem named IR-Seluge for wireless sensor networks. IR-Seluge has been implemented in nesC on TinyOS and evaluated through a substantial set of experiments in a wireless senso r testbed, which consists of 73 MicaZ motes. The experimental results indicate that IR-Seluge effectively and efficie ntly mitigates the problem of wireless interference.
Sugar Modulation of a-Amylase Genes under Anoxia

Tolerance to low oxygen availability is likely to be due to the interaction of several factors. Sugar availability is one of the elements required to support anaerobic metabolism. In cereal grains the availability of soluble sugars is limited, while starch is stored in large amounts. Degradation of starch under anoxia is therefore needed to avoid sugar starvation leading to rapid cell death. The striking difference in the ability to produce a-amylase when comparing the anoxia-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains with grains of other cereals is not easily explained. Rice is able to respond to gibberellins under anoxia, but the response is too slow to explain the rapid production of a-amylase enzyme. In the present work we demonstrated that a-amylase production during the ®rst 2 d after imbibition is mostly due to the activity of the Ramy3D gene, encoding for the G and H isoforms of a-amylase. The induction of Ramy3D transcription is likely to result from a low sugar content in the grains incubated under anoxia. The ability of rice embryos to sense sugars under anoxia is reported. ã 2003 Annals of Botany Company
Elevated risk of cardiovascular disease prior to clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is elevated before clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 117,629 female nurses aged 30-55 years who were free of diagnosed CVD at baseline were recruited in 1976 and followed for 20 years. RESULTS A total of 1,508 women had diagnosed type 2 diabetes at baseline in 1976. During 20 years of follow-up, 110,227 women remained free of diabetes diagnosis and 5,894 women developed type 2 diabetes. During 2.2 million person-years of follow-up, we documented 1,556 new cases of myocardial infarction (MI), 1,405 strokes, 815 fatal coronary heart disease (CHD), and 300 fatal strokes. Among women who developed type 2 diabetes during follow-up, the age-adjusted RRs of MI were 3.75 (95% CI 3.10-4.53) for the period before the diagnosis and 4.57 (3.87-5.39) for the period after the diagnosis, compared with women who remained free of diabetes diagnosis. The multivariate RRs further adjusting for BMI, smoking, and other cardiovascular risk factors were 3.17 (2.61-3.85) and 3.97 (3.35-4.71). The risk of stroke was also significantly elevated before diagnosis of diabetes (multivariate RR = 2.30 [1.76-2.99]). Further adjustment for history of hypertension or hypercholesterolemia did not appreciably alter the results. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a substantially elevated risk of CVD before clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in women. These findings suggest that aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors is warranted in individuals at increased risk for diabetes.
Area and throughput trade-offs in the design of pipelined discrete wavelet transform architectures

The JPEG2000 standard defines the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) as a linear space-to frequency transform of the image domain in an irreversible compression. This irreversible discrete wavelet transform is implemented by an FIR filter using 9/7 Daubechies coefficients or a lifting scheme of factorized coefficients from 9/7 Daubechies coefficients. The paper investigates the tradeoffs between area, power and data throughput (or operating frequency) of several implementations of the discrete wavelet transform using the lifting scheme in various pipeline designs. The paper shows the results of five different architectures synthesized and simulated in FPGAs. It concludes that the descriptions with pipelined operators provide the best area-power-operating frequency trade-off over non-pipelined operator descriptions. Those descriptions require around 40% more hardware to increase the maximum operating frequency up to 100% and reduce power consumption to less than 50%. Starting from behavioral HDL descriptions provides the best area-power-operating frequency trade-off, improving hardware cost and maximum operating frequency by around 30% in comparison to structural descriptions for the same power requirement.