Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stable gene expression with VSV-G pseudotyped-retrovirus vector in the rat liver.

BACKGROUND Pseudotyped-retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to the regenerating rat liver was investigated in vivo and the findings were compared with those for retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four weeks prior to gene transfer, the spleen was transpositioned to the left subcutaneous position to develop a port-splenic shunt. Twenty-four hours after a partial hepatectomy (68%) was performed, the liver was perfused in situ and kept in contact with either a pseudotyped-retrovirus vector encoding LacZ (7 x 10(7) cfu/ml, Group 1) or a retrovirus vector encoding LacZ (1 x 10(4) cfu/ml, Group 2) for 30 min. The animals were sacrificed at various points after gene transfer, and X-gal staining, reversed polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and ONPG assay were performed to detect the transferred LacZ cDNA. RESULTS In X-gal staining, the transferred LacZ cDNA started to show a strong beta-galactosidase activity in 30 to 50% of the hepatocytes at 3 days after gene transfer. Positive staining continued to be recognized until 28 days with a slight decrease in its intensity thereafter. On the other hand, Group 2 animals showed weak staining, which was observed in about 10 to 15% of the hepatocytes from 3 days after gene transfer and then decreased thereafter. In RT-PCR, positive mRNA of LacZ was detected constitutively until 28 days after gene transfer in Group 1, whereas two-thirds of the samples showed a negative band in Groups 2 at 3 days after gene transfer. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the pseudotyped-retrovirus vector was useful in establishing a stable and strong expression of the in vivo gene transfer, while targeting the regenerating liver.
Environmental Intelligence Based on Advanced Sensor Networks

By appropriate integration of advanced ICT systems in an environment, in a way that those highly technological systems become almost its integral part, it is possible to provide additional environment features. Those features are primarily self-monitoring and self-protection, giving the environment rudimentary intelligence and possibility, to operate not only by reaction, but also to operate proactively, having in "mind" its self-protection. In such a way the environment becomes the intelligent environment or more accurately the intelligent self-monitoring, self-protecting and self-aware environment that reacts on changes and in real time alarms humans responsible for appropriate environment protection actions which will prevent environment further degradation. The paper describes overall architecture of such intelligent environment based on advanced sensor network called the observer network. As an example the system architecture of the forest fire monitoring system is discussed.
Analysis of the short wavelength‐sensitive (“blue”) cone mosaic in the primate retina: Comparison of New World and Old World monkeys

The distribution of short wavelength‐sensitive (SWS or “blue”) cone photoreceptors was compared in primates with dichromatic (“red‐green colour blind”) and trichromatic colour vision. We compared a New World species, the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), with an Old World species, the macaque monkey (Macaca nemestrina). The SWS cones were identified by their immunoreactivity to an antiserum against the human SWS cone opsin. A single retina from a male capuchin monkey (Cebus apella) also was studied. The SWS cones make up less than 10% of all cone photoreceptors throughout the retina of all animals studied. In marmoset, the peak spatial density of SWS cones is close to 10,000/mm2 at the foveola. In macaque, the peak spatial density of SWS cones, close to 6,000/mm2, is at the fovea, but SWS cones are absent within 50 μm of the centre of the foveola. In both species, the density of SWS cones is higher on the nasal retinal axis than at corresponding eccentricities on the other retinal axes. The SWS cones in macaque are arranged in a semiregular array, but they are distributed randomly in marmoset. There is no difference in the spatial density or local arrangement of SWS cones between dichromatic and trichromatic marmosets. The results suggest that the SWS cone photoreceptor system is subject to different developmental and evolutionary constraints than those that have led to the formation of the red‐green photoreceptor systems in primate vision. J. Comp. Neurol. 406:1–14, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling modular multilevel converters using extended-frequency dynamic phasors

The paper develops a mathematical model for a modular multilevel converter (MMC) using extended-frequency dynamic phasors. The developed model is capable of capturing both the low- and high-frequency dynamic behavior of the converter depending on the requirements of the study to be performed. The paper shows the mathematical development of the model, its validation against a fully detailed electromagnetic transient (EMT) model in PSCAD/EMTDC, and its computational advantages over an EMT model.
Wireless Energy Beamforming Using Received Signal Strength Indicator Feedback

Multiple antenna techniques that allow energy beamforming have been looked upon as a possible candidate for increasing the transfer efficiency between the energy transmitter (ET) and the energy receiver in wireless power transfer. This paper introduces a novel scheme that facilitates energy beamforming by utilizing received signal strength indicator (RSSI) values to estimate the channel. First, in the training stage, the ET will transmit using each beamforming vector in a codebook, which is predefined using a Cramer–Rao lower bound analysis. RSSI value corresponding to each beamforming vector is fed back to the ET, and these values are used to estimate the channel through a maximum likelihood analysis. The results that are obtained are remarkably simple, requires minimal processing, and can be easily implemented. The paper also validates the analytical results numerically, as well as experimentally, and it is shown that the proposed method achieves impressive results.
Surfing the Blogosphere: Optimal Personalized Strategies for Searching the Web

We propose a distributed mechanism for finding websurfing strategies that is inspired by the StumbleUpon recommendation engine. Each day, a websurfer visits a sequence of websites recommended by our mechanism, and selects one that matches her daily interests. We formally show that even with this minimal feedback from the surfer-the selected website-our mechanism finds a websurfing strategy that matches the surfer's interests optimally. The surfer does not need to know-or declare-what her daily interests are before she is presented with content she likes. Moreover, our mechanism is content-agnostic: it is oblivious to the nature of the content the surfer selects. In addition, we study how the performance of this mechanism can be improved if surfers with similar interests share their feedback. Such surfers can be found indirectly, e.g., if they are all registered as friends in a social networking application. Our analysis characterizes the improvement in the mechanism's accuracy, based on the size of the group and the degree of similarity between the surfers' interests. In particular, we show that sharing feedback can significantly accelerate the convergence of our mechanism. Our results are derived analytically using stochastic approximation techniques, but are also validated through a numerical study.
Decoding of synaptic voltage waveforms by specific classes of recombinant high‐threshold Ca2+ channels

Studies suggest that the preferential role of L‐type voltage‐sensitive Ca2+ channels (VSCCs) in coupling strong synaptic stimulation to transcription is due to their selective activation of local chemical events. However, it is possible that selective activation of the L‐type channel by specific voltage waveforms also makes a contribution. To address this issue we have examined the response of specific Ca2+ channel types to simulated complex voltage waveforms resembling those encountered during synaptic plasticity (gamma and theta firing frequency). L‐, P/Q‐ and N‐type VSCCs (α1C, α1A, α1B/β1B/α2Δ, respectively) were all similarly activated by brief action potential (AP) waveforms or sustained step depolarization. When complex waveforms containing large excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs), APs and spike accommodation were applied under voltage clamp we found that the integrated L‐type VSCC current was approximately three times larger than that produced by the P/Q‐ or N‐type Ca2+ channels (gamma frequency 1 s stimulation). For P/Q‐ or N‐type channels the complex waveforms led to a smaller current than that expected from the response to a simple 1 s step depolarization to 0 or +20 mV. EPSPs present in the waveforms favoured the inactivation of P/Q‐ and N‐type channels. In contrast, activation of the L‐type channel was dependent on both EPSP‐ and AP‐mediated depolarization. Expression of P/Q‐type channels with reduced voltage‐dependent inactivation (α1A/β2A/α2Δ) or the use of hyperpolarized intervals between AP stimuli greatly increased their response to complex voltage stimuli. We propose that in response to complex synaptic voltage waveforms P/Q‐ and N‐type channels can undergo selective voltage‐dependent inactivation leading to a Ca2+ current mediated predominantly by L‐type channels.
KCAD: Kinetic Cyber-attack detection method for Cyber-physical additive manufacturing systems

Additive Manufacturing (AM) uses Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) (e.g., 3D Printers) that are vulnerable to kinetic cyber-attacks. Kinetic cyber-attacks cause physical damage to the system from the cyber domain. In AM, kinetic cyber-attacks are realized by introducing flaws in the design of the 3D objects. These flaws may eventually compromise the structural integrity of the printed objects. In CPS, researchers have designed various attack detection method to detect the attacks on the integrity of the system. However, in AM, attack detection method is in its infancy. Moreover, analog emissions (such as acoustics, electromagnetic emissions, etc.) from the side-channels of AM have not been fully considered as a parameter for attack detection. To aid the security research in AM, this paper presents a novel attack detection method that is able to detect zero-day kinetic cyber-attacks on AM by identifying anomalous analog emissions which arise as an outcome of the attack. This is achieved by statistically estimating functions that map the relation between the analog emissions and the corresponding cyber domain data (such as G-code) to model the behavior of the system. Our method has been tested to detect potential zero-day kinetic cyber-attacks in fused deposition modeling based AM. These attacks can physically manifest to change various parameters of the 3D object, such as speed, dimension, and movement axis. Accuracy, defined as the capability of our method to detect the range of variations introduced to these parameters as a result of kinetic cyber-attacks, is 77.45%.
Semantic Management of Streaming Data

One of the fundamental challenges facing the unprecedented data deluge produced by the sensor networks is how to manage time-series streaming data so that they can be reasoning-ready and provenance-aware. Semantic web technology shows great promise but lacks adequate support for the notion of time. We present a system for the representation, indexing and querying of time-series data, especially streaming data, using the semantic web approach. This system incorporates a special RDF vocabulary and a semantic interpretation for time relationships. The resulting framework, which we refer to as Time-Annotated RDF, provides basic functionality for the representation and querying of time-related data. The capabilities of Time-Annotated RDF were implemented as a suite of Java APIs on top of Tupelo, a semantic content management middleware, to provide transparent integration among heterogeneous data, as present in streams and other data sources, and their metadata. We show how this system supports commonly used time-related queries using Time-Annotated SPARQL introduced in this paper as well as an analysis of the TA-RDF data model. Such prototype system has already seen successful usage in a virtual sensor project where near-real-time radar data streams need to be fetched, indexed, processed and re-published as new virtual sensor streams.
The Plasmodium Glutathione S-transferase - Bioinformatics Characterization and Classification into the Sigma Class

Malaria is a global health problem caused by Plasmodium parasites. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is involved in the conjugation of glutathione to drugs and toxic compounds. It is postulated that GST plays an important role in the development of drug resistance. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of Plasmodium falciparum GST (PfGST) has been solved and previous work indicates that the PfGST cannot be assigned to any of the known GST classes. We performed sequence analyses, structural modeling and alignment of GSTs from Plasmodium to known structures of the GST from other organisms to classify PfGST into a GST family. Sequence alignments using ClustalW, motif analysis using MEME, and phylogenetic analysis using MEGA4, of Plasmodium GSTs and 38 other GST sequences were done. The alignments and motifs show a close relationship to the alpha and sigma class of GSTs. The phylogenetic analysis places the Plasmodium GSTs in the sigma class. A comparison of PfGST with known structures of GSTs reveals high structural similarity to the sigma class GST, in particular within the H-site and C-terminus of the protein. These findings allow PfGST to be classified into the sigma class GSTs. These data may open new avenues for the development of novel antimalarials.
Marshaling Social Support: Formats, Processes, and Effects

PART ONE: THE NASCENT CRAFT OF DESIGNING SUPPORT INTERVENTIONS Marshaling Social Support - Benjamin H Gottlieb The State of the Art in Research and Practice Using Theory and Data to Plan Support Interventions - Irwin Sandler et al Design of a Program for Bereaved Children PART TWO: SUPPORT GROUPS FOR LIFE CRISES AND TRANSITIONS Parent Groups in Pregnancy - Sandra A Elliott, Marion Sanjack and Teresa Leverton A Preventive Intervention for Postnatal Depression? Support Groups for Low-Income Mothers - Douglas R Powell Design Considerations and Patterns of Participation The Support Group Training Project - Deborah L Lee School-Based Support Groups for Children of Divorce - Neil Kalter et al A Model of Brief Intervention Sources of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction Among Members of Cancer Support Groups - Shelley E Taylor et al PART THREE: PARTNER AND TEAM SUPPORT FOR HEALTH HABIT CHANGE Social Support Interventions for Smoking Cessation - Sheldon Cohen et al Mobilizing Support for Weight Loss Through Work-Site Competitions - Rita Yopp Cohen PART FOUR: GAINING SUPPORT FROM THE SOCIAL NETWORK: DETERMINANTS AND DILEMMAS Social Psychological Influences on Help Seeking and Support from Peers - Jeffrey D Fisher et al The Other Side of Support - James R Coyne, Camille B Wortman and Darrin R Lehman Emotional Overinvolvement and Miscarried Helping
Probabilistic Kinetic Data Structures

We introduce a probabilistic kinetic data structure that uses a motion model to maintain a specific geometric structure to within a user-specified confidence value. We also introduce a certificate-based error model and accompanying problem-specific proofs that the robust error model is implied by this new, more geometrically generalizable, error model. We show that the probabilistic kinetic data structure translation from a classic kinetic data structure (KDS) is efficient and approximately correct under the certificate-based error model based on the user-given confidence value. Significantly, this means that any existing KDS is efficient under this probabilistic framework.
SNACS - The Satellite Navigation Radio Channel Signal Simulator

A versatile GNSS signal simulation tool for time-domain simulations at sample-level with a focus on wave propagation effects, such as multipath or atmospheric disturbances, is introduced. The Satellite Navigation Radio Channel Signal Simulator (SNACS) uses a modular, object-oriented approach implemented in C++. The application is thoroughly designed in a multi-threaded way to provide highly accurate simulation results in a reasonable processing time. SNACS not only fills the gap of a software tool using models of the GNSS channel from a GNSS signal generator as input for a GNSS software receiver, it also provides an implementation that spans the whole simulation chain from the transmitter to the receiver loops. SNACS can be adopted and enhanced easily since it is published under an open source license.
A New Test of Attention in Listening (TAIL) Predicts Auditory Performance

Attention modulates auditory perception, but there are currently no simple tests that specifically quantify this modulation. To fill the gap, we developed a new, easy-to-use test of attention in listening (TAIL) based on reaction time. On each trial, two clearly audible tones were presented sequentially, either at the same or different ears. The frequency of the tones was also either the same or different (by at least two critical bands). When the task required same/different frequency judgments, presentation at the same ear significantly speeded responses and reduced errors. A same/different ear (location) judgment was likewise facilitated by keeping tone frequency constant. Perception was thus influenced by involuntary orienting of attention along the task-irrelevant dimension. When information in the two stimulus dimensions were congruent (same-frequency same-ear, or different-frequency different-ear), response was faster and more accurate than when they were incongruent (same-frequency different-ear, or different-frequency same-ear), suggesting the involvement of executive control to resolve conflicts. In total, the TAIL yielded five independent outcome measures: (1) baseline reaction time, indicating information processing efficiency, (2) involuntary orienting of attention to frequency and (3) location, and (4) conflict resolution for frequency and (5) location. Processing efficiency and conflict resolution accounted for up to 45% of individual variances in the low- and high-threshold variants of three psychoacoustic tasks assessing temporal and spectral processing. Involuntary orientation of attention to the irrelevant dimension did not correlate with perceptual performance on these tasks. Given that TAIL measures are unlikely to be limited by perceptual sensitivity, we suggest that the correlations reflect modulation of perceptual performance by attention. The TAIL thus has the power to identify and separate contributions of different components of attention to auditory perception.
PPerfGrid: A Grid Services-Based Tool for the Exchange of Heterogeneous Parallel Performance Data

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. For more information, please contact pdxscholar@pdx.edu. Recommended Citation Hoffman, John Jared, "PPerfGrid: A Grid Services-Based Tool for the Exchange of Heterogeneous Parallel Performance Data" (2004). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 2664.
ACSM's Exercise is Medicine™: A Clinician's Guide to Exercise Prescription

Introduction: What This Book Is About On Clinician Engagement and Counseling Steven Jonas On Organizing the Practice Steven Jonas Risk Assessment and Exercise Screening Edward M. Phillips Mobilizing Motivation: Basic Concepts Steven Jonas Mobilizing Motivation: The Wellness Pathway Steven Jonas Mobilizing Motivation: Behavior Change Pyramid Edward M. Phillips Getting Started as a Regular Exerciser Edward M. Phillips, Jen Capell, and Steven Jonas The Exercise Prescription Jen Capell and Edward M. Phillips Staying Active Edward M. Phillips, Jen Capell, and Steven Jonas TSTEP: Training Programs by the Minute Steven Jonas Choosing the Activities, Sport, or Sports Steven Jonas Technique and Equipment Steven Jonas Special Conditions Edward M. Phillips Exercise in Children: "Exercise is a Family Affair" Evonne Kaplan-Liss and Mary Ellen Renna Finding the Fun in Regular Exercise Steven Jonas Appendix I: Glossary Appendix II: Resources
The Impact of Social Conditioning (Internal Motivation) on the Probability of Voting

This paper extends the well known rational interest voting (rational voter) model to include a composite measure to capture the residual effects of internal, sociological motives not previously accounted for in empirical studies of general election voting. These motives are referred to here as “social conditioning” or “internal motivation” and may to at least some extent reflect a sense of duty or sense of civic duty to vote, as well as a simple “habit” of voting. Estimations using CPS data from the 1984 Presidential elections suggest that previously unmeasured internal motives, which we capture in a variable called “Social Conditioning,” may exert a powerful influence on individual voting behavior.
Networks of Names: Visual Exploration and Semi‐Automatic Tagging of Social Networks from Newspaper Articles

Understanding relationships between people and organizations by reading newspaper articles is difficult to manage for humans due to the large amount of data. To address this problem, we present and evaluate a new visual analytics system, which offers interactive exploration and tagging of social networks extracted from newspapers. For the visual exploration of the network, we extract “interesting” neighbourhoods of nodes, using a new degree of interest (DOI) measure based on edges instead of nodes. It improves the seminal definition of DOI, which we find to produce the same “globally interesting” neighbourhoods in our use case, regardless of the query. Our approach allows answering different user queries appropriately, avoiding uniform search results.
Sensitivity of Actual Laboratory Diagnostic Methods Used for Surveillance of Swine brucellosis in Croatia S

During three years (2009-2011) 240 organ and tissue samples from swine serologically positive on brucellosis were bacteriologically tested for brucellosis. The samples were obtained from country farms from seven counties and two wild boars organs were obtained from hunting ground. Brucella was isolated from 52 (21.5%) samples. Infection with Brucella suis bv. 2 was confirmed in 12 (29.3%) swine herds, and including the positive tests of wild boars, infection was confirmed in 5 counties. According to consecutive negative bacteriological testing in flocks and epidemiological investigation we also confirmed false positive serological reactions (FPSRs) in 29 seropositive herds (70.7%). Bacteriological investigation in future should be improved by using new selective media, but more imporant, better sampling management and prompt sample delivery should be achieved to provide higher method sensitivity. Detection of brucellosis in wild boars over years confirms permanent source of disease for free range swine in all parts of Croatia.
Nucleotide sequence of metF, the E. coli structural gene for 5-10 methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase and of its control region.

The nucleotide sequence of the E.coli metF gene (888 nucleotides), coding for 5-10 methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, has been determined. The metF gene product was identified in maxicells and found to be a protein of subunit molecular weight 33,000, in agreement with the size of the coding region. The starting point for metF transcription was determined by S1 nuclease mapping. No structural evidence was found for an attenuation mechanism regulating the independent metF transcriptional unit. Comparison of the regulatory region preceding the metF structural gene with the 5' flanking region of the metBL operon shows some homology spanning 24 nucleotides. These homologous sequences could be operator structures belonging to the two transcriptional units, metF and metBL, and recognized by the same regulatory protein.