Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imaging of Coronary Arteries Aid in Prevention of Atherosclerosis and Clinical Coronary Heart Disease

Prevention of progression of atherosclerosis is the best approach to reduce incidence of myocardial infarction, sudden coronary heart disease (CHD) death, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. Research over the past 40 years has identified the risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, noninvasive methods for measuring the extent of atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds and very efficacious therapy to reduce the level of risk factors and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular incidence and death rates have declined. Nevertheless, rates of CHD and other vascular disease remain much higher in many countries and within select regions of certain countries than necessary. Prevention of atherosclerosis depends on 4 key steps: 1) a much more aggressive effort to lower modifiable risk factors, especially apolipoprotein-B (ApoB)-containing lipoproteins, low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, obesity, and smoking during adolescence and young adult years; 2) identify and treat elevated ApoB lipoproteins, diabetes and smoking cessation of very high risk young adults as early as possible; 3) use of imaging to identify atherosclerosis of coronary and other arteries for appropriate segments of the adult population and treatment of risk factors for those with identifiable atherosclerosis; and 4) improved approaches to deliver prevention of cardiovascular disease to large numbers of asymptomatic individuals identified by non invasive imaging to maximize adherence to therapies. The major missing piece is better methods to identify vulnerable coronary plaques on the verge of an atherothrombotic transition and better treatments to prevent "acute" events. However, the four steps above will still lead to very substantial reductions in CHD incidence and mortality.
BrailleSUM: A News Summarization System for the Blind and Visually Impaired People

In this article, we discuss the challenges of document summarization for the blind and visually impaired people and then propose a new system called BrailleSUM to produce better summaries for the blind and visually impaired people. Our system considers the factor of braille length of each sentence in news articles into the ILPbased summarization method. Evaluation results on a DUC dataset show that BrailleSUM can produce shorter braille summaries than existing methods, meanwhile, it does not sacrifice the content quality of the summaries.
Characterization and greedy learning of interventional Markov equivalence classes of directed acyclic graphs

The investigation of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) encoding the same Markov property, that is the same conditional independence relations of multivariate observational distributions, has a long tradition; many algorithms exist for model selection and structure learning in Markov equivalence classes. In this paper, we extend the notion of Markov equivalence of DAGs to the case of interventional distributions arising from multiple intervention experiments. We show that under reasonable assumptions on the intervention experiments, interventionalMarkov equivalence defines a finer partitioning of DAGs than observational Markov equivalence and hence improves the identifiability of causal models. We give a graph theoretic criterion for two DAGs being Markov equivalent under interventions and show that each interventional Markov equivalence class can, analogously to the observational case, be uniquely represented by a chain graph called interventional essential graph (also known as CPDAG in the observational case). These are key insights for deriving a generalization of the Greedy Equivalence Search algorithm aimed at structure learning from interventional data. This new algorithm is evaluated in a simulation study.
Private information retrieval from MDS coded data with colluding servers: Settling a conjecture by Freij-Hollanti et al

A (K, N, T, Kc) instance of the MDS-TPIR problem is comprised of K messages and N distributed servers. Each message is separately encoded through an (N, Kc) MDS storage code. A user wishes to retrieve one message, as efficiently as possible, while revealing no information about the desired message index to any colluding set of up to T servers. The fundamental limit on the efficiency of retrieval, i.e., the capacity of MDS-TPIR is known only at the extremes where either T or Kc belongs to {1, N}. The focus of this work is a recent conjecture by Freij-Hollanti, Gnilke, Hollanti and Karpuk which offers a general capacity expression for MDS-TPIR. We prove that the conjecture is false by presenting as a counterexample a PIR scheme for the setting (K, N, T, Kc) = (2,4, 2, 2), which achieves the rate 3/5, exceeding the conjectured capacity, 4/7.
Ancient Trans-specific Polymorphism at Pheromone Receptor Genes in Basidiomycetes

In the majority of sexual organisms, reproduction occurs almost exclusively through the combination of distinct and alternate forms, called sexes or mating types. In some fungi, there can be dozens to hundreds of alternate alleles that determine compatible mating types. Such extensive polymorphism is expected to be maintained by balancing selection, and in extreme cases may give rise to trans-specific polymorphism. Here, we analyzed sequences of two pheromone receptors in the Microbotryum fungal species complex (Basidiomycota), which has only two alternate mating types. Several lines of evidence strongly suggest that the pheromone receptors are two allelic sequences acting to determine the alternate A1 and A2 mating types required for mating in Microbotryum. Phylogenetic trees of pheromone receptors in the Microbotryum species complex indicated a trans-specific polymorphism: the Microbotryum sequences from a given mating type were all more similar to the pheromone receptors of distantly related classes of fungi than to the alternate pheromone receptor in the Microbotryum species. A phylogenetic tree built using other known pheromone receptors from basidiomycetes showed that trans-specific polymorphism is widespread. The pheromone receptor alleles from Microbotryum appeared as the oldest, being at least 370 million years old. This represents the oldest known trans-specific polymorphism known in any organism so far, which may be due to the existence of sex chromosomes, obligate sexuality, mitochondrial inheritance linked to the mating type, and a highly selfing mating system in Microbotryum.
A New Algorithm for Data Mining

Data mining in large databases is one of today’s challenges to database technologies. Substantial effort is dedicated to a tight coupling of database and data mining systems leading to database primitives supporting data mining tasks. In order to support a wide range of tasks. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for applying decision tree . Based on the analysis of available algorithms and previous work in this area we have identified operations which are useful for a number of algorithms. We discuss the implementation of these primitives on top of a commercial DBMS and present experimental results demonstrating the performance benefit.
A Wide Gain Control Range V-Band CMOS Variable-Gain Amplifier With Built-In Linearizer

In this paper, the design and analysis of a CMOS variable gain amplifier (VGA) with the built-in linearizers and noise reduction technique are presented. A V-band low power and miniature VGA is designed and fabricated. To maximize the gain control range and to improve the linearity, an auxiliary nMOS transistor is added in the cascode structure as a built-in linearizer. Moreover, to reduce the noise figure (NF), an inductor is placed between the transistors in the cascode structure. At the high gain state, the VGA offers a maximum gain of 22 dB with a minimum NF of 4.8 dB at 62 GHz. Due to the built-in linearizers, the VGA demonstrates 40-dB gain control range with a third-order input intercept point (IIP3) of -19 dBm at 60 GHz. At the low gain state, the VGA has 3 dBm of IIP3. In both states, the power consumption is 26 mW from a 2-V voltage supply. The chip size is 0.91 × 0.69 mm2, including pads. To the authors' knowledge, this VGA demonstrates largest gain control range, the lowest power consumption, and the lowest NF at the high gain state for reported 90-nm CMOS millimeter-wave VGAs.
Fusion of News Reports Using Surface-Based Methods

Events occurring in the real world are covered by news reports from different sources. Each report generally contains information that is found in others, but may also contain unique information. To learn all the information about a particular event, a user will need to read all the different reports. This is a duplication of effort since most information will be repeated in the different reports. In our research, we attempt to fuse news reports about the same event into a single coherent document eliminating repetition but preserving all the information contained in the source reports using only surface-based methods. Information in each news report is represented by a set of entity relationship graphs. The graphs representing each report are then merged into a single graph whilst keeping track of the source sentences. The fused report is generated using the maximally expressive set of sentences -- the sentences that carry most information about the entities and their relationships in the news report, and ensuring that all entities and relationships are expressed in the fused document. Our Document fusion system was evaluated using a set of news reports downloaded from MSNBC News that cite their sources, and also using human evaluation. We show that our system is able to capture most of the information found across different source documents whilst maintaining readability.
Breit-Wigner-Fano line shapes in Raman spectra of graphene

Excitation of electron-hole pairs in the vicinity of the Dirac cone by the Coulomb interaction gives rise to an asymmetric Breit-Wigner-Fano lineshape in the phonon Raman spectra in graphene. This asymmetric lineshape appears due to the interference effect between the phonon spectra and the electron-hole pair excitation spectra. The calculated Breit-Wigner-Fano asymmetric factor 1/qBWF as a function of the Fermi energy shows a V-shaped curve with a minimum value at the charge neutrality point and gives good agreement with the experimental result.
Weak Solutions to Stochastic Wave Equations with Values in Riemannian Manifolds

Let M be a compact Riemannian manifold. We prove existence of a global weak solution of the stochastic wave equation D t u t = D x u x + (X u + λ0(u)u t + λ1(u)u x )Ẇ where X is a continuous vector field on M, λ0 and λ1 are continuous vector bundles homomorphisms from TM to TM, and W is a spatially homogeneous Wiener process on ℝ with finite spectral measure. We use recently introduced general method of constructing weak solutions of SPDEs that does not rely on any martingale representation theorem.
Stock selection with principal component analysis

We propose a stock selection method that is based on a variable selection method used with principal component analysis. We applied our method to stocks in the ASX200 and show that a portfolio of as little as 15 stocks can closely replicate the behaviour of the index. We show that the number of stocks required to form a diversified portfolio is not constant across time but varies with market conditions.
Extensive Polycistronism and Antisense Transcription in the Mammalian Hox Clusters

The Hox clusters play a crucial role in body patterning during animal development. They encode both Hox transcription factor and micro-RNA genes that are activated in a precise temporal and spatial sequence that follows their chromosomal order. These remarkable collinear properties confer functional unit status for Hox clusters. We developed the TranscriptView platform to establish high resolution transcriptional profiling and report here that transcription in the Hox clusters is far more complex than previously described in both human and mouse. Unannotated transcripts can represent up to 60% of the total transcriptional output of a cluster. In particular, we identified 14 non-coding Transcriptional Units antisense to Hox genes, 10 of which (70%) have a detectable mouse homolog. Most of these Transcriptional Units in both human and mouse present conserved sizeable sequences (>40 bp) overlapping Hox transcripts, suggesting that these Hox antisense transcripts are functional. Hox clusters also display at least seven polycistronic clusters, i.e., different genes being co-transcribed on long isoforms (up to 30 kb). This work provides a reevaluated framework for understanding Hox gene function and dys-function. Such extensive transcriptions may provide a structural explanation for Hox clustering.
Knowledge transfer in problem based learning teaching method in software engineering education: A measurement model

Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching method that is able to transfer tacit knowledge from lecturers to students based on Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization (SECI) model. However, the SECI model does not include the students’ performance factor, which is an indicator to measure the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. Hence, our study proposes a framework to ev aluate the effectiveness of using PBL as a teaching method in Software Engineering (SE) education to transfer the tacit knowledge by enhancing the SECI model. This paper is a part of our study that purposely wants to evaluate a measurement model of knowledge transfer process in PBL teaching method in SE education. This study used survey as a method for data collection. The respondents were students who registered for System Analysis and Design (SAD) courses. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). The results have shown that the measurement model fits the data. Therefore, the framework is suitable for PBL teaching method in SE education. Further, this study intends to identify the relationship between SECI model in PBL teaching method for SE domain.
On Scheduling and Redundancy for P2P Backup

An online backup system should be quick and reliable in both saving and restoring users' data. To do so in a peer-to-peer implementation, data transfer scheduling and the amount of redundancy must be chosen wisely. We formalize the problem of exchanging multiple pieces of data with intermittently available peers, and we show that random scheduling completes transfers nearly optimally in terms of duration as long as the system is sufficiently large. Moreover, we propose an adaptive redundancy scheme that improves performance and decreases resource usage while keeping the risks of data loss low. Extensive simulations show that our techniques are effective in a realistic trace-driven scenario with heterogeneous bandwidth.
Mg and Si Isotope Fractionation Within Three Type B Ca-Al-rich Inclusions

Knight*, N. T. Kita, A. M. Davis, F. M. Richter and R. A. Mendybaev, Chicago Center for Cosmochemistry, Department of the Geophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637. Present address: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA (knight29@llnl.gov).
Test of the movement expansion model: anticipatory vowel lip protrusion and constriction in French and English speakers.

The modeling of anticipatory coarticulation has been the subject of longstanding debates for more than 40 yr. Empirical investigations in the articulatory domain have converged toward two extreme modeling approaches: a maximal anticipation behavior (Look-ahead model) or a fixed pattern (Time-locked model). However, empirical support for any of these models has been hardly conclusive, both within and across languages. The present study tested the temporal organization of vocalic anticipatory coarticulation of the rounding feature from [i] to [u] transitions for adult speakers of American English and Canadian French. Articulatory data were synchronously recorded using an Optotrak for lip protrusion and a dedicated Lip-Shape-Tracking-System for lip constriction. Results show that (i) protrusion is an inconsistent parameter for tracking anticipatory rounding gestures across individuals, more specifically in English; (ii) labial constriction (between-lip area) is a more reliable correlate, allowing for the description of vocalic rounding in both languages; (iii) when tested on the constriction component, speakers show a lawful anticipatory behavior expanding linearly as the intervocalic consonant interval increases from 0 to 5 consonants. The Movement Expansion Model from Abry and Lallouache [(1995a) Bul. de la Comm. Parlée 3, 85-99; (1995b) Proceedings of ICPHS 4, 152-155. ] predicted such a regular behavior, i.e., a lawful variability with a speaker-specific expansion rate, which is not language-specific.
Inter-turn stator winding fault diagnosis in three-phase induction motors, by Park's Vector approach

The subject of online detection and location of inter-turn short circuits in the stator windings of three-phase induction motors is discussed, and a noninvasive approach, based on the computer-aided monitoring of the stator current Park's vector, is introduced. Experimental results, obtained by using a special fault producing test rig, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique for detecting inter-turn stator winding faults in operating three-phase induction machines.
Laminar firing and membrane dynamics in four visual areas exposed to two objects moving to occlusion

It is not known how visual cortical neurons react to several moving objects and how their firing to the motion of one object is affected by neurons firing to another moving object. Here we combine imaging of voltage sensitive dye (VSD) signals, reflecting the population membrane potential from ferret visual areas 17, 18, 19, and 21, with laminar recordings of multiunit activity, (MUA), when two bars moved toward each other in the visual field, occluded one another, and continued on in opposite directions. Two zones of peak MUA, mapping the bars' motion, moved toward each other along the area 17/18 border, which in the ferret maps the vertical meridian of the field of view. This was reflected also in the VSD signal, at both the 17/18 border as well as at the 19/21 border with a short delay. After some 125 ms at the area 19/21 border, the VSD signal increased and became elongated in the direction of motion in front of both of the moving representations. This was directly followed by the phase of the signal reversing and travelling back from the 19/21 border toward the 17/18 border, seemingly without respect for retinotopic boundaries, where it arrived at 150 ms after stimulus onset. At this point the VSD signal in front of the moving bar representations along the 17/18 border also increased and became elongated in the direction of object motion; the signal now being the linear sum of what has been observed in response to single moving bars. When the neuronal populations representing the bars were some 600 μm apart on the cortex, the dye signal and laminar MUA decreased strongly, with the MUA scaling to that of a single bar during occlusion. Despite a short rebound of the dye signal and MUA, the MUA after the occlusion was significantly depressed. The interactions between the neuronal populations mapping the bars' position, and the neurons in between these populations were, apart from 19/21 to 17/18 interaction, mainly lateral-horizontal; first excitatory and inducing firing at the site of future occlusion, then inhibitory just prior to occlusion. After occlusion the neurons that had fired already to the first bar showed delayed and prolonged inhibition in response to the second bar. Thus, the interactions that were particular to the occlusion condition in these experiments were local and inhibitory at short cortical range, and delayed and inhibitory after the occlusion when the bars moved further apart.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: We identified three cohort studies and eight case–control studies, reporting on 46,641 women. The average cesarean delivery rate for women with a successful external cephalic version was 21%. Women after successful external cephalic version were at increased risk for cesarean delivery for dystocia (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, 95% CI 1.6–3.0), cesarean delivery for fetal distress (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.6–2.9), and instrumental vaginal delivery (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.7).
Web services as Labeled generalized stochastic Petri nets

A Web Service is a component written in any language, deployed on any platform, which has a standard wrapping layer based on XML.The component can interact with other applications which themselves comply with the Web Services standards. Generally, a single service does not satisfy the users needs that are more and more complex. Therefore, services must be made able to becomposed to build new value added services. This process is called Web services Composition. This latter is a critical subject that requires formal techniques for its completion. In this paper, we show how basic and existent services can be composed to create a composite service which offers a new functionality. In this context, we propose an expressive Labeled generalized stochastic Petri net based algebra that succeeds in the complex Web services composition. Basic and advanced constructs which are supported by the proposed algebra are syntactically and semantically defined.
A New On-Board UAV Pose Estimation System Based on Monocular Camera

In visual navigation, utilizing a monocular camera to estimate the relative localization of a robot in a known environment is very common and effective. In this paper, a new method is proposed to estimate the 6D relative pose of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in a known environment. In the estimation system we assume that the landmarks locate at known positions. This method consists of three main steps. Firstly, initializing the correspondence search between landmarks and image detections with the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Secondly, applying the Kalman Filter to track and predict the pose of the UAV in the space and utilizing the predicted results to determine the correspondences between the 3D reference points and their 2D projections, excluding the negligent errors in the measurement data by Grubbs Criterion. Finally, a fast solution is employed to estimate the pose of the UAV by solving the perspective-npoint (PnP) problem. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the method we proposed outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in some aspects when the number of landmarks is larger.
MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks: a survey

Wireless sensor networks are appealing to researchers due to their wide range of application potential in areas such as target detection and tracking, environmental monitoring, industrial process monitoring, and tactical systems. However, low sensing ranges result in dense networks and thus it becomes necessary to achieve an efficient medium-access protocol subject to power constraints. Various medium-access control (MAC) protocols with different objectives have been proposed for wireless sensor networks. In this article, we first outline the sensor network properties that are crucial for the design of MAC layer protocols. Then, we describe several MAC protocols proposed for sensor networks, emphasizing their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we point out open research issues with regard to MAC layer design.