Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey on Algorithms, Measurement Techniques, Applications and Challenges

Localization is an important aspect in the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that has developed significant research interest among academia and research community. Wireless sensor network is formed by a large number of tiny, low energy, limited processing capability and low-cost sensors that communicate with each other in ad-hoc fashion. The task of determining physical coordinates of sensor nodes in WSNs is known as localization or positioning and is a key factor in today’s communication systems to estimate the place of origin of events. As the requirement of the positioning accuracy for different applications varies, different localization methods are used in different applications and there are several challenges in some special scenarios such as forest fire detection. In this paper, we survey different measurement techniques and strategies for range based and range free localization with an emphasis on the latter. Further, we discuss different localization-based applications, where the estimation of the location information is crucial. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of the challenges such as accuracy, cost, complexity, and scalability are given.
Polysilicon Prototypes for Flip-bonded Hybrid MEM-tunable Filters and VCSELs

We characterize our novel mechanical structures for flipbonded hybrid micro-electro-mechanically (MEM) tunable filters (MEM-TF) and MEM-tunable vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (MEM-TVCSELs) by comparing simulations with foundry fabricated actuators. Two of our prototypes, each with different flexure thickness, have analytically simulated and measured pull-in voltages of (11.6 V, 11.8 ± 0.1 V) and (8.4 V, 7.7 ± 0.5 V) respectively. We believe our hybrid approach will reduce cost, shorten development time, enable use of standard flip-chip technology and IC/MEMS foundries, and offer materials flexibility since the components do not need to be lattice matched.
Left-handedness and time pressure in elite interactive ball games

According to the fighting hypothesis, frequency-dependent selection gives relatively rarer left-handers a competitive edge in duel-like contests and is suggested as one mechanism that ensured the stable maintenance of handedness polymorphism in humans. Overrepresentation of left-handers exclusively in interactive sports seems to support the hypothesis. Here, by referring to data on interactive ball sports, I propose that a left-hander's advantage is linked to the sports’ underlying time pressure. The prevalence of left-handers listed in elite rankings increased from low (8.7%) to high (30.39%) time pressure sports and a distinct left-hander overrepresentation was only found in the latter (i.e. baseball, cricket and table tennis). This indicates that relative rarity and the interactive nature of a contest are not sufficient per se to evoke a left-hander advantage. Refining the fighting hypothesis is suggested to facilitate prediction and experimental verification of when and why negative frequency-dependent selection may benefit left-handedness.
A multiresolution nonparametric regression for spatially adaptive image de-noising

Recently, new efficient algorithms, based on Lepski's approach , have been proposed for spatially adaptive varying scale de-noising. Special statistical rules are exploited in order to select the estimate with the best point-wise varying scale h from a set of test-estimates y/spl circ//sub h/(x),h/spl isin/H. In this paper, a novel multiresolution (MR) nonparametric regression technique is developed. The adaptive algorithm consists of two steps. The first step transforms the data into noisy spectrum coefficients (MR analysis). In the second step, these noisy spectrum is filtered by the thresholding procedure and exploited for estimation (MR synthesis). This nonlinear estimate is built using the test-estimates y/spl circ//sub h/(x) of all scales. Simulation confirms the advanced performance of the new de-noising algorithms based on the MR nonparametric regression.
Electrical properties of high resolution doping structures

The electrical transport properties and device applications of certain high resolution doping structures in silicon are discussed in this thesis. The promise of enhanced device properties from a high resolution doping structure was envisaged through the use of doping supeelattices. These structures are unobtainable by typical high temperature silicon processing technology and are well suited to fabrication by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. The potential for enhanced mobilities in Boron and Antimony doping superlattices has been investigated by the author. Interpretation of mobility data proved complex due to the number of parallel conduction paths, however, some apparent mobility enhancement was found. Sample fabrication during this work has evolved from the use of crude in house contacts, to microfabricated structures produced by the Edinburgh Microfabrication Facility. This allowed the use of well-defined sample geometries and ohmic contacts to buried doping spikes. Conductivity and Hall coefficient studies are continued by a study of Si:Sb layers of widths between 5 to SOOnm. A metal-insulator transition is observed as the width of the dopant spike is reduced to Snm. Further measurements on Si:Sb doping spikes of widths 10,20, 80nm at low temperatures 300mK-25K, have been interpreted through the use of weak localisation and electron-electron interaction corrections to the Boltzmann conductivity. Also obtained through magnetoresistance experiments is the first observation of a 2D to 3D transition in the low temperature electrical properties. The simplest doping profile available in MBE is believed to be one in which the dopant atoms are confined to a few lattice constants, known as a "Delta" layer. This allows the study of two dimensional phenomena in a homoepitaxial system without the presence of an hetero-interface as in the Si-MOSFET. The two dimensional quantisation of the electric subbands in Boron and Antimony delta layers has been investigated via tunnelling spectroscopy. The resultant spectra were found to be consistent with theoretical calculations of subband structure. Finally, the device application of a delta layer was investigated through the development of the first p-channel boron delta doped FET, which may offer advantages for submicron VLSI technology.
Bisphosphonates in the Adjuvant Setting of Breast Cancer Therapy—Effect on Survival: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background The role of bisphosphonates (BP) in early breast cancer (BC) has been considered controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that appraised the effects of BP on survival in early BC. Methods RCTs were identified by searching the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE databases and conference proceedings. Hazard ratios (HRs) of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and relative risks of adverse events were estimated and pooled. Results Thirteen trials met the inclusion criteria, evaluating a total of 15,762 patients. Meta-analysis of ten trials which reported OS revealed no statistically significant benefit in OS for BP (HR 0.89, 95% CI = 0.79 to 1.01). Meta-analysis of nine trials which reported the DFS revealed no benefit in DFS (HR 0.95 (0.81–1.12)). Meta-analysis upon menopausal status showed a statistically significant better DFS in the BP-treated patients (HR 0.81(0.69–0.95)). In meta-regression, chemotherapy was negatively associated with HR of survival. Conclusions Our meta-analysis indicates a positive effect for adjuvant BP on survival only in postmenopausal patients. Meta-regression demonstrated a negative association between chemotherapy use BP effect on survival. Further large scale RCTs are warranted to unravel the specific subgroups that would benefit from the addition of BP in the adjuvant setting.
Input-output framework for robust stability of time-varying delay systems

The paper is devoted to the stability analysis of linear time varying delay. We first model the time varying delay system as an interconnected system between a known linear transformation and some operators depending explicitly on the delay. Embedding operators related to the delay into an uncertain set, stability of such system is then performed by adopting the quadratic separation approach. Having recognized that the conservatism comes from the choice of the feedback modeling and the operators definition, these first results are afterwards enhanced by using some redundant equation and scaling filter. At last, numerical examples are given to illustrate the results.
A broadband planar patch array resonator antenna

A new microstrip antenna with an improved bandwidth is discussed. The new antenna is built with an array of patches on a thin grounded substrate. The number of patches and the individual patch size can be adjusted for desired antenna performance. A twelve-cell patch array resonator with a unit cell size of 5.5 mm and the total antenna area of 25times16 mm2 was fabricated on a 1.27 mm-thick substrate with dielectric constant of 9.8 for a measurement at 6.8 GHz. The measured planar patch array resonator antenna showed 10-dB return-loss bandwidth of 6.6 percent compared to 1.7 percent of a single square patch antenna.
Enhanced Linear Interpolation Schemes for Chunk-Based OFDMA Uplink

Linear interpolation is often employed for chunk-based OFDMA uplink because of its low complexity and good performance. However, the linear interpolation error induced by the mismatch between the linear interpolation model and the actual channel can be detrimental to high-data-rate systems operating in high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) range or high mobility scenario. In this paper, enhanced linear interpolation schemes with small time-direction interpolation error are proposed, particularly for the chunk-based OFDMA uplink. Unlike the conventional linear interpolation, which is based on the assumption that the real and imaginary parts of channel coefficients are separately linearly varying, the proposed schemes are based on an interesting observation that the amplitude and phase of a communication channel are also linearly varying within a short time duration, e.g. a chunk duration. Simulation results show the proposed schemes can effectively improve the performance.
Fracture of heterogeneous graded materials : from microstructure to structure

This paper presents a new computational approach dedicated to the fracture of nonlinear heterogeneous materials. This approach extends the standard periodic homogenization problem to a two field cohesive-volumetric finite element scheme. This two field finite element formulation is written as a generalization Non-Smooth Contact Dynamics framework involving Frictional Cohesive Zone Models. The associated numerical platform allows to simulate, at finite strain, the fracture of nonlinear composites from crack initiation to post-fracture behavior. The ability of this computational approach is illustrated by the fracture of the hydrided Zircaloy under transient loading.
Construction and characterization of a highly regulable expression vector, pLAC11, and its multipurpose derivatives, pLAC22 and pLAC33.

A number of different expression vectors have been developed to facilitate the regulated overproduction of proteins in Escherichia coli and related bacteria. Some of the more popular ones include pKK223-3, pKK233-2, pTrc99A, and the pET family of expression vectors. These vectors were designed to be regulable and can be grown under conditions that repress protein production or under conditions that induce protein production. Unfortunately, however, numerous researchers have found that these vectors produce significant amounts of protein even when grown under repressed conditions. We describe here a new expression vector, pLAC11, which was designed to be more regulable and thus more tightly repressible when grown under repressed conditions. The tight regulation of pLAC11 was achieved by utilizing the O3 auxiliary operator, CAP binding site, promoter, and O1 operator that occur in the wild-type lac control region. The pLAC11 vector can be used to conduct physiologically relevant studies in which the cloned gene is expressed at levels comparable to that obtainable from the chromosomal copy of the gene in question. In experiments in which a bacterial cell contained both a null allele in the chromosome and a second copy of the wild-type allele on pLAC11, we observed that cells grown under repressed conditions exhibited the null phenotype while cells grown under induced conditions exhibited the wild-type phenotype. Two multipurpose derivatives of pLAC11, pLAC22, and pLAC33 have also been constructed to fulfill different experimental needs.
Impact of the accuracy of automatic tumour functional volume delineation on radiotherapy treatment planning

Over the past few years several automatic and semi-automatic PET segmentation methods for target volume definition in radiotherapy have been proposed. The objective of this study is to compare different methods in terms of dosimetry. For such a comparison, a gold standard is needed. For this purpose, realistic GATE-simulated PET images were used. Three lung cases and three H&N cases were designed with various shapes, contrasts and heterogeneities. Four different segmentation approaches were compared: fixed and adaptive thresholds, a fuzzy C-mean and the fuzzy locally adaptive Bayesian method. For each of these target volumes, an IMRT treatment plan was defined. The different algorithms and resulting plans were compared in terms of segmentation errors and ground-truth volume coverage using different metrics (V95, D95, homogeneity index and conformity index). The major differences between the threshold-based methods and automatic methods occurred in the most heterogeneous cases. Within the two groups, the major differences occurred for low contrast cases. For homogeneous cases, equivalent ground-truth volume coverage was observed for all methods but for more heterogeneous cases, significantly lower coverage was observed for threshold-based methods. Our study demonstrates that significant dosimetry errors can be avoided by using more advanced image-segmentation methods.
Linguistic Knowledge and Question Answering

Une analyse syntaxique profonde et robuste ameliore la performance d'un systeme de question-reponse. Dans cet article, nous le montrerons en donnant des exemples de notre systeme QR, appele Joost. C'est un systeme neerlandais, qui a ete applique au domaine general ainsi qu'au domaine restreint. Le systeme utilise l'information contenue dans une version analysee syntaxiquement du corpus des documents. Nous montrerons que l'utilisation de l'information syntaxique ameliore certains modules de Joost, comme l'extraction et l'ordonnancement final des reponses, l'acquisition automatique d'information lexicale, l'extraction de faits hors ligne et la recherche de passages.
A Risk Assessment Model for Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese

Aims To develop a risk assessment model for persons at risk from type 2 diabetes in Chinese. Materials and Methods The model was generated from the cross-sectional data of 16246 persons aged from 20 years old and over. C4.5 algorithm and multivariate logistic regression were used for variable selection. Relative risk value combined with expert decision constructed a comprehensive risk assessment for evaluating the individual risk category. The validity of the model was tested by cross validation and a survey performed six years later with some participants. Results Nine variables were selected as risk variables. A mathematical model was established to calculate the average probability of diabetes in each cluster's group divided by sex and age. A series of criteria combined with relative RR value (2.2) and level of risk variables stratified individuals into four risk groups (non, low, medium and high risk). The overall accuracy reached 90.99% evaluated by cross-validation inside the model population. The incidence of diabetes for each risk group increased from 1.5 (non-risk group) to 28.2(high-risk group) per one thousand persons per year with six years follow-up. Discussion The model could determine the individual risk for type 2 diabetes by four risk degrees. This model could be used as a technique tool not only to support screening persons at different risk, but also to evaluate the result of the intervention.
Tweets Classification using Corpus Dependent Tags, Character and POS N-grams

This paper is part of the Author Profiling task at PAN 2015 contest; in witch participants had to predict the gender, age and personality traits of Twitter users in four different languages (Spanish, English, Italian and Dutch). Our approach takes into account stylistic features represented by character N- grams and POS N-grams to classify tweets. The main idea of using character N- grams is to extract as much information as possible that is encoded inside the tweet (emoticons, character flooding, use of capital letters, etc.). POS N-grams were obtained using Freeling and certain token were relabeled with Twitter de- pendent tags. Obtained results were very satisfactory; our global ranking score was of 83.46%.
Two-phonon Raman scattering in graphene

Few-layer graphene is a two-dimensional structure, consisting of several layers of covalently bound carbon atoms, held together by weak dispersive forces. The hexagonal crystal lattice of each layer with two atoms in the unit cell gives rise to electronic band structure with linear bands, crossing at the Fermi energy. Almost two decades ago, it was argued that the strong two-phonon bands in the Raman spectra of graphene were connected to its peculiar electronic band structure. However, it was not before a few years ago that a thorough understanding of the underlying scattering processes has been achieved and realistic modeling of the behavior of the two-phonon bands has been reported. Here, we present predictions for the 2D two-phonon bands of single-layer graphene and bilayer graphene within an ab initio-based non-orthogonal tight-binding model. The calculation of the Raman intensity is performed using a quantum-mechanical expression, derived in fourth-order quantum-mechanical perturbation theory. Comparison to available experimental data is provided.
Brg 1 Regulates Hoxa 9-Mediated Proliferation and Gene Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

3 INTRODUCTION.5 MATERIALS AND METHODS. 10 RESULTS.16 DISCUSSION.24 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.27 REFERENCES.28 FIGURE LEGENDS. 33 FIGURES.36
Some thoughts on using Computational Intelligence methods in classical mind board games

In the last two decades the advancement of AI/CI methods in classical board and card games (such as Chess, Checkers, Othello, Go, Poker, Bridge, .) has been enormous. In nearly all ldquoworld famousrdquo board games humans have been decisively conquered by machines (actually Go remains almost the last redoubt of human supremacy). In the above perspective the natural question is whether there is still any need for further development of CI methods in this area. What kind of goals can be achieved on this path? What are (if any) the challenging problems in the field? The paper tries to discuss these issues with respect to classical board mind games and provides (highly subjective) partial answers to some of the open questions. The main conclusion from the arguments specified in the paper is that one of the major, ultimate goals of CI in classical board game research concerns possessing by machines the ability to mimic human approach to game playing. This includes human-specific learning methods (learning from scratch, pattern-based learning, multitask and unsupervised learning) and human-type reasoning and decision making (efficient position estimation, abstraction and generalization of game features, autonomous development of evaluation functions, effective pre-ordering of moves, and selective, contextual search). Three of the above listed issues i.e. autonomous learning, knowledge discovery and intuition are discussed in this paper in more detail.
Exertional Leg Pain in Patients With and Without Peripheral Arterial Disease

Background— Although exertional leg pain is a hallmark of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and can occur in persons without PAD, symptom variation has received inadequate attention. Methods and Results— Three cohort studies were combined for cross-sectional analysis. The San Diego Claudication Questionnaire assessed exertional leg pain. PAD was defined as ankle brachial index (ABI) ≤0.90 or history of lower-extremity revascularization. Of 3658 subjects, 3629 were analyzed after exclusions. Of these, 24.1% had PAD in 1 or both legs. There was a stepwise decrease in average ABI, from no pain to pain on exertion and rest, noncalf pain, atypical calf pain, and classic claudication (P=0.002). When stratified by PAD, this trend was no longer significant. Legs with ABIs >0.90 and revascularization had pain distributions intermediate between that of normal legs (ABI, 1.00 to 1.39) and legs with ABIs ≤0.90. Compared with normal legs, legs with low-normal (0.91 to 0.99) and high-normal (≥1.40) ABIs had higher pain rates, suggesting borderline disease and vascular stiffness, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models showed that ABI was a strong correlate of pain category throughout the ABI range. Independently of ABI, age, male sex, diabetes, smoking history, high body mass index, myocardial infarction, and previous revascularization were all significant correlates of exertional leg pain. Conclusions— No category of exertional leg pain was sufficiently sensitive or specific for routine PAD diagnosis. Legs with low-normal and high-normal ABIs appeared to have ischemic leg pain; thus, a “normal ABI” is likely to range from 1.00 to 1.39. In addition to ABI, several risk variables were independent correlates of exertional leg pain.
Therapeutic effects of tyroservatide on metastasis of lung cancer and its mechanism affecting integrin–focal adhesion kinase signal transduction

Tyroservatide (YSV) can inhibit the growth and metastasis of mouse lung cancer significantly. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of tripeptide YSV on metastasis of human lung cancer cells and explored its possible mechanism that affects integrin–focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signal transduction in tumor cells. YSV significantly inhibited the adhesion and the invasion of highly metastatic human lung cancer cell lines 95D, A549, and NCI-H1299. In addition, YSV significantly inhibited phosphorylation of FAK Tyr397 and FAK Tyr576/577 in the 95D, A549, and NCI-H1299 human lung cancer cells in vitro. And the mRNA level and protein expression of FAK in these human lung cancer cells decreased at the same time. YSV also significantly inhibited mRNA and protein levels of integrin β1 and integrin β3 in the 95D, A549, and NCI-H1299 human lung cancer cells. Our research showed that YSV inhibited adhesion and invasion of human lung cancer cells and exhibited therapeutic effects on metastasis of lung cancer.
Detecting activation in fMRI data

We present a simple approach to the analysis of fMRI data collected from several runs, sessions and subjects. We take advantage of the spatial nature of the data to reduce the noise in certain key parameters, achieving an increase in degrees of freedom for a mixed effects analysis. Our main interest is the analysis of the resulting images of test statistics using the geometry of random fields. We show how the Euler characteristic of the excursion set plays a key role in setting the threshold of the image to detect regions of the brain activated by a stimulus.