Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Western of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health Descriptions of Motor Vehicle Collisions by Participants in Emergency Department–Based Studies: Are They Accurate?

92% for seat belt use, 94% for airbag deployment, 96% for speed limit, 97% for transportation by ambulance, and 99% for vehicle seat position. j values were 0.32 for seat belt use, 0.34 for number of lanes, 0.73 for vehicle type, 0.76 for speed limit, 0.77 for road condition, 0.87 for airbag deployment, 0.90 for vehicle seat position, and 0.94 for transport by ambulance. Correlation coefficients were 0.95 for the time of the collision, and 0.58 for extent of damage to the vehicle. Most discrepancies between patients and police about extent of vehicle damage occurred for cases in which the patient reported moderate or severe damage but the police reported only slight damage. most MVC characteristics, or These results suggest that research participant
Pseudo-functional testing for small delay defects considering power supply noise effects

Detecting small delay defects (SDDs) has become increasingly important to address the quality and reliability concerns of integrated circuits. Without considering functional constraints in the circuits under test, however, existing techniques may generate test patterns that are functionally-unreachable. Such SDD patterns may incur excessive (or limited) power supply noise (PSN) on sensitized paths in test mode, thus leading to over-testing or under-testing of the circuits. In this paper, we propose novel pseudo-functional testing techniques to tackle the above problem. Firstly, by taking the circuit layout information into account, functional constraints related to critical paths are extracted. Then, we generate functionally-reachable test cubes for SDD faults in the circuit. Finally, we use ATPG-like algorithm to justify transitions that pose the maximized PSN effects on sensitized critical paths under the consideration of functional constraints. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified with large ISCAS'89 and ILWS'05 benchmark circuits.
Tbx5 and Tbx4 trigger limb initiation through activation of the Wnt/Fgf signaling cascade

A tight loop between members of the fibroblast growth factor and the Wnt families plays a key role in the initiation of vertebrate limb development. We show for the first time that Tbx5 and Tbx4 are directly involved in this process. When dominant-negative forms of these Tbx genes were misexpressed in the chick prospective limb fields, a limbless phenotype arose with repression of both Wnt and Fgf genes By contrast, when Tbx5 and Tbx4 were misexpressed in the flank, an additional wing-like and an additional leg-like limbs were induced, respectively. This additional limb formation was accompanied by the induction of both Wnt and Fgf genes These results highlight the pivotal roles of Tbx5 and Tbx4 during limb initiation, specification of forelimb/hindlimb and evolution of tetrapod limbs, placing Tbx genes at the center of a highly conserved genetic program.
Fast training and selection of Haar features using statistics in boosting-based face detection

Training a cascade-based face detector using boosting and Haar features is computationally expensive, often requiring weeks on single CPU machines. The bottleneck is at training and selecting Haar features for a single weak classifier, currently in minutes. Traditional techniques for training a weak classifier usually run in 0(NT log N), with N examples (approximately 10,000), and T features (approximately 40,000). We present a method to train a weak classifier in time 0(Nd2 + T), where d is the number of pixels of the probed image sub-window (usually from 350 to 500), by using only the statistics of the weighted input data. Experimental results revealed a significantly reduced training time of a weak classifier to the order of seconds. In particular, this method suffers very minimal immerse in training time with very large increases in members of Haar features, enjoying a significant gain in accuracy, even with reduced training time.
Genes Encoding the N-Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Degrading Enzyme Are Widespread in Many Subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis

ABSTRACT Gram-negative bacteria can communicate with each other by N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs), which are quorum-sensing autoinducers. Recently, the aiiA gene (encoding an enzyme catalyzing the degradation of AHL) has been cloned from Bacillus sp. strain 240B1. During investigations in the course of the ongoing Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. morrisoni genome project, an aiiA homologue gene in the genome sequence was found. These results led to consideration of the possibility of the widespread existence of the gene in B. thuringiensis. aiiA homologue genes were found in 16 subspecies of B. thuringiensis, and their sequences were determined. Comparison of the Bacillus sp. strain 240B1 aiiA gene with the B. thuringiensis aiiA homologue genes showed high homologies of 89 to 95% and 90 to 96% in the nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence, respectively. Among the subspecies of B. thuringiensis having an aiiA gene, the subspecies aizawai, galleriae, kurstaki, kyushuensis, ostriniae, and subtoxicus were shown to degrade AHL. It was observed that recombinant Escherichia coli producing AiiA proteins also had AHL-degrading activity and could also attenuate the plant pathogenicity of Erwinia carotovora. These results indicate that insecticidal B. thuringiensis strains might have potential to compete with gram-negative bacteria in natural ecosystems by autoinducer-degrading activity.
Methyl 5-ferrocenyl-5a-hydroxy-1-methyl-10-oxo-2,3,3a,4,5a,10-hexahydro-1H-indeno[1,2:2′,3′]furo[3′,4′-b]pyrrole-3a-carboxylate

In the title compound, [Fe(C5H5)(C21H20NO5)], the pyrrolidine and cyclopentanone rings exhibit a twist conformation. The pyrrolidine ring is almost perpendicular to the cyclopentanone ring, making a dihedral angle of 81.91 (6)°. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and C—H⋯O interactions. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯O interactions.
FRIENDS LIKE MINE: THE PRODUCTION OF SOCIALISED SUBJECTIVITY IN THE ATTENTION ECONOMY

Through the lens of political economy, this article seeks to interrogate the emerging interrelationship between capital, labour, subjectivity and affect which has become prevalent within a number of online social networking technologies and practices. Using Facebook as a case study, close consideration is given to the significance of the ‘Like’ button, which I contend must be seen as a social-technological interaction which captures the emotive connections and engagements produced amongst the multitude of Facebook users. Through an exploration of such collaborative, socialised and affective modes of subjectivity which emerge from the use of these tools, I suggest that proprietary online social networks are central to the subsumption of the surplus value of forms of life itself, drawing on recent work which aligns the biopolitical production of knowledge, affect, desire, attention and sociality with modes of immaterial labour. Presented here, then, is a critique of those mechanisms of power which permeate Facebook, one which examines how specific functions, protocols and applications may embody the productive power of technology in the context of configuring attention and controlling social interactions.
Master’s Thesis Pre-Proposal: A Framework for Evolutionary Clustering on Multi-type Relational Data

Rapid development in data acquisition technology has resulted in generating large amount of raw data, providing significant potential for the development of automatic data analysis, classification, and retrieval techniques. Data in many applications such as social networks, blogs, geosciences, and biomedicine, demonstrates an evolving nature. That is, the similarity between the data instances and/or the number of instances might change at different timesteps. Moreover, apart from being large-scale, these datasets can be multi-type (e.g. genes, proteins, samples, in bioinformatics). So, knowledge discovery in such evolving multitype relational data is not a trival problem. The recent active topic of evolutionary clustering opens up many new research avenues into the mining of temporally evolving data. Clustering of evolving data (a.k.a. Evolutionary clustering) has been a relatively new topic and was first formulated by Chakrabarti et al. [1]. They proposed heuristic solutions to evolutionary hierarchical clustering problems and evolutionary k-means clustering problems. Chi et al. [2] extended this work by proposing two evolutionary spectral clustering algorithms by incorporating a measure of temporal smoothness in the overall clustering quality. Recently, Wang et al. [5] propose the evolutionary clustering using kernel function framework (ECKF) that clusters large evolutionary datasets by the amalgamation of low-rank matrix approximation methods and matrix factorization based clustering. Heterogeneous data co-clustering has attracted more and more attention in recent years due to its high impact on various important applications, such as web mining, e-commerce and bioinformatics. Long et al. [3] proposed the spectral relational clustering, to cluster multi-type interrelated data objects or relational data with various structures simultaneously. The algorithm iteratively embeds each type of data objects into low dimensional spaces and benefits from the interactions among the hidden structures of different types of data objects. Low-rank matrix approximation methods have found profound application in diverse areas due to their ability to extract correlations and remove noise from matrix-structured data [4]. However, in spite of these efforts, the problem of clustering multi-type evolving data has not been addressed. Since, the current methodology is unable to cluster more than
Diminished transcription of interleukin‐8 by monocytes from preterm neonates

Developmental delays, which impair antibacterial host defense, are present in the neutrophil system of human preterm neonates. We hypothesized that diminished production of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), a neutrophil chemotactic peptide, might in part be responsible for these defects. To test this, monocytes from the blood of preterm neonates, term neonates, and adults were isolated immunologically by “negative panning” and subsequently stimulated with interleukin‐1α (IL‐lα), tumor necrosis factor a (TNF‐α), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), after which IL‐8 levels in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. Total cellular RNA was extracted and IL‐8 mRNA was assessed by Northern blotting and by competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. After stimulation with IL‐lα, IL‐8 accumulation was lowest in supernatants of monocytes from preterm neonates, intermediate in supernatants of monocytes from term neonates and greatest from monocytes of adults. Similarly, when stimulated with TNF‐α or LPS, monocytes from preterm neonates produced less IL‐8 than cells from term neonates and adults. These differences in IL‐8 concentrations paralleled differences in IL‐8 mRNA expression.
CIOs in the Public Sector: The Gap Between Theory and Literature

This paper highlights the role of the Chief Investigation Officer (CIO) in the public sector. With an increased application of Information Technology to manage government processes and to deliver services to citizens the CIO position has become a significant consideration for this sector. However, due to the unique demands of the public sector, as distinct from the private sector, the role of the CIO is often understated. The paper includes a review of literature on CIO roles which are largely from the private sector and examines it under the criteria of personal and professional characteristics, responsibilities and future. From an exploratory study accomplished via direct observations, this paper discusses the role of the CIOs in the public sector as perceived by those holding the position. It Lawry, Waddell and Singh CIO’s In The Public Sector: The Gap Between Theory And Reality 2 highlights the additional responsibilities a CIO in the public sector is expected to undertake. The discussion in this paper includes the impact on CIO roles of the context in which they operate.
Double-linear fuzzy interpolation method

In this paper, we present an original fuzzy interpolation method. In contrast to existing approaches, our method is able to always construct an interpolated fuzzy interval without a need of a special step dedicated to the “standardization” of non-viable solutions, which fractures the sense of the interpolation. In fact, these “standardization” steps imply that, for instance, a point obtained from the interpolation of the upper limit (right side) of the fuzzy sets, is used to build the lower limit (left side) of the interpolated conclusion, breaking the underlying hypothesis of (linear) graduality. To achieve the direct interpolation, our method is based on the deviation of the observation from the expected linearly interpolated solution and constrains of the constructed solution between extreme cases. We illustrate and discuss the behavior of our method by comparison to other well-known fuzzy interpolation methods.
Perfluorooctanesulfonate and other fluorochemicals in the serum of American Red Cross adult blood donors.

Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride-based products have included surfactants, paper and packaging treatments, and surface protectants (e.g., for carpet, upholstery, textile). Depending on the specific functional derivatization or degree of polymerization, such products may degrade or metabolize, to an undetermined degree, to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a stable and persistent end product that has the potential to bioaccumulate. In this investigation, a total of 645 adult donor serum samples from six American Red Cross blood collection centers were analyzed for PFOS and six other fluorochemicals using HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. PFOS concentrations ranged from the lower limit of quantitation of 4.1 ppb to 1656.0 ppb with a geometric mean of 34.9 ppb [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.3-36.5]. The geometric mean was higher among males (37.8 ppb; 95% CI, 35.5-40.3) than among females (31.3 ppb; 95% CI, 30.0-34.3). No substantial difference was observed with age. The estimate of the 95% tolerance limit of PFOS was 88.5 ppb (upper limit of 95% CI, 100.0 ppb). The measures of central tendency for the other fluorochemicals (N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, perfluorooctanesulfonamide, perfluorooctanoate, and perfluorohexanesulfonate) were approximately an order of magnitude lower than PFOS. Because serum PFOS concentrations correlate with cumulative human exposure, this information can be useful for risk characterization.
A method of adding new entries to a valency dictionary by exploiting existing lexical resources.

Information on subcategorization and selectional restrictions in a valency dictionary is very important for natural language processing in tasks such as monolingual parsing, accurate rule-based machine translation and automatic summarization. However, adding this detailed information is both time consuming and costly. In this paper we present a method of assigning valency information and selectional restrictions to entries in a bilingual dictionary, based on information in an existing valency dictionary. The method is based on two basic assumptions: words with similar meaning have similar subcategorization frames and selectional restrictions; and words with the same translations have similar meanings. Based on these assumptions, new valency entries are constructed for words in a plain bilingual dictionary, using entries with similar Japanese meaning and the same English translations. The measurement of similarity in Japanese is done using paraphrased examples, so that non-expert native speakers can carry out the task. An initial evaluation of 171 new patterns showed that adding them to a Japaneseto-English machine translation system improved the translation for 31% of sentences using these verbs, and degraded it for 8%, a clear improvement in quality.
Registration of Multiple Medical Images Using N-dimensional Mutual Information

The medical image registration has been all confined in registering two images and rarely involved multiple images (three and more than three). Using the expanded mutual information measure (E-MIM) to register multiple images, which is inefficiency, can't meet the clinical requirement, and mutual information (MI) values are not necessarily nonnegative. In this paper, we introduce an N-dimensional mutual information measure (N-MIM), which can ensure MI values are nonnegative, bounded to range from 1 to 2. At the same time, the rate of the registration has moved up. Then this definition is tested and proved to be effective on registration of multiple lumbar vertebra images through simulation.
Suppression of LPS-Induced TNF-α Production in Macrophages by cAMP Is Mediated by PKA-AKAP95-p105

Distinct anchoring proteins enable cAMP signaling to selectively modulate macrophage responses to pathogens. Specific Scaffolds Macrophages are innate immune cells that mediate early responses to infection by sensing microbial products through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and producing proinflammatory compounds, such as tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α). A modulator of this proinflammatory response is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which activates G protein–coupled receptors that couple to Gαs, leading to the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). As well as inhibiting the production of TNF-α by macrophages in response to the TLR4 agonist LPS, PGE2 and cAMP also stimulate the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (see the Perspective by Peters-Golden). Wall et al. found that the pleiotropic effects of PGE2 and cAMP on LPS-stimulated cytokine production depended on the fate of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Selective binding of activated PKA to different scaffold proteins known as A kinase–anchoring proteins (AKAPs) resulted in differential effects on the expression of genes encoding cytokines. In particular, cAMP-dependent inhibition of TNF-α expression involved phosphorylation of the NF-κB transcription factor p105 by PKA bound to AKAP95, which inhibited the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor, whereas the effect of PKA on the enhancement of G-CSF expression was mediated by another AKAP; the effect of PKA on IL-10 expression was AKAP-independent. Together, these data uncover crosstalk between TLR4 and cAMP signaling pathways that depend on the differential localization of PKA by different scaffold proteins, which could have implications for anti-inflammatory therapies. The activation of macrophages through Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways leads to the production of a broad array of cytokines and mediators that coordinate the immune response. The inflammatory potential of this response can be reduced by compounds, such as prostaglandin E2, that induce the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Through experiments with cAMP analogs and multigene RNA interference (RNAi), we showed that key anti-inflammatory effects of cAMP were mediated specifically by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Selective inhibitors of PKA anchoring, time-lapse microscopy, and RNAi screening suggested that differential mechanisms of PKA action existed. We showed a specific role for A kinase–anchoring protein 95 in suppressing the expression of the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor–α, which involved phosphorylation of p105 (also known as Nfkb1) by PKA at a site adjacent to the region targeted by inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinases. These data suggest that crosstalk between the TLR4 and cAMP pathways in macrophages can be coordinated through PKA-dependent scaffolds that localize specific pools of the kinase to distinct substrates.
TOWARDS A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: THE CONTINGENT EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND PROJECT UNCERTAINTY

Although practitioners are facing increasing complexities and high rates of failure in IS development, research in the field has not yet developed adequate theory to address the issues involved. This study first analyzes the benefits and shortcomings of existing strategies of IS development, agile and traditional development, and then theorizes four underlying dimensions along which these strategies differ: change responsiveness, knowledge tacitness, people-driven, and customer collaboration. The strategy contingency perspective is utilized to theorize the effects of organizational culture and project uncertainty of IS development strategy. Using this perspective, a framework is developed that identifies two new strategies of IS development, in addition to the existing traditional and agile strategies. These two strategies of IS development are labeled the responsive process strategy and the creative optimization strategy. This may help explain practitioner surveys that report that most organizations adopt agile practices for some projects and not others, and that
Lack of evidence of phenotypic complementation of E1A/E1B-deleted adenovirus type 5 upon superinfection by wild-type virus in the cotton rat

The safety of replication-defective viruses used as vectors is based on the deletion of essential gene(s). Adenovirus vector safety relies on the deletion of the E1A/E1B region. This region encodes the immediate-early proteins that trans activate all other early regions, so DNA replication in these deletion mutants is dramatically reduced. We have previously shown that E1A deletion is efficient in vivo and significantly reduces the dissemination of adenovirus in mice and cotton rats. However, the pattern of dissemination of E1A-deleted and wild-type viruses showed that both could be localized in the same tissues, thus involving a theoretical risk of phenotypic complementation if a recipient of E1A-deleted adenovirus is infected after adenovirus-mediated gene therapy by a wild-type adenovirus. In this report, we show that complementation can be evidenced in vitro in Vero cells infected with E1A/E1B-defective adenovirus vectors expressing reporter genes (either beta-galactosidase or luciferase), passaged three times until no infectious virus can be recovered by plating on 293 cells, and then infected with wild-type adenovirus 5. A mixed virus population was maintained at a stable state for at least 10 passages. In contrast, no evidence of complementation was found in cotton rats inoculated intravenously or intramuscularly with Ad-beta-gal-nls and Ad-luc and infected 24 h later intranasally with wild-type adenovirus 5. No increase in the level of luciferase expression was found in these animals, compared with that in controls, nor was any viral population expressing beta-galactosidase or luciferase isolated from various organs or any animal excretion or secretion.