Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation in the implementation of California's Full Service Partnerships for persons with serious mental illness.

OBJECTIVE This study examined variation in the implementation of California's Full Service Partnerships (FSPs), which are supported housing programs that do "whatever it takes" to improve outcomes among persons with serious mental illness who are homeless or at risk of homelessness. DATA SOURCES/SETTING Ninety-three FSPs in California. STUDY DESIGN A mixed methods approach was selected to develop a better understanding of the complexity of the FSP programs. The design structure was a combined explanatory and exploratory sequential design (qual→QUAN→qual) where a qualitative focus group was used to develop a quantitative survey that was followed by qualitative site visits. The survey was used to describe the breadth of variation based on fidelity to the Housing First model, while the site visits were used to provide a depth of information on high- versus low-fidelity programs. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We found substantial variation in implementation among FSPs. Fidelity was particularly low along domains related with housing and service philosophy, indicating that many FSPs implemented a rich array of services but applied housing readiness requirements and did not adhere to consumer choice in housing. CONCLUSIONS There remains room for improvement in the recovery-orientation of FSPs. Fortunately, we have identified several processes by which program managers and counties can increase the fidelity of their programs.
Inhibition of cell proliferation by the Mad1 transcriptional repressor

Mad1 is a basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper protein that is induced upon differentiation of a number of distinct cell types. Mad1 dimerizes with Max and recognizes the same DNA sequences as do Myc:Max dimers. However, Mad1 and Myc appear to have opposing functions. Myc:Max heterodimers activate transcription while Mad:Max heterodimers repress transcription from the same promoter. In addition Mad1 has been shown to block the oncogenic activity of Myc. Here we show that ectopic expression of Mad1 inhibits the proliferative response of 3T3 cells to signaling through the colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) receptor. The ability of over-expressed Myc and cyclin D1 to complement the mutant CSF-1 receptor Y809F (containing a Y-to-F mutation at position 809) is also inhibited by Mad1. Cell cycle analysis of proliferating 3T3 cells transfected with Mad1 demonstrates a significant decrease in the fraction of cells in the S and G2/M phases and a concomitant increase in the fraction of G1 phase cells, indicating that Mad1 negatively influences cell cycle progression from the G1 to the S phase. Mutations in Mad1 which inhibit its activity as a transcription repressor also result in loss of Mad1 cell cycle inhibitory activity. Thus, the ability of Mad1 to inhibit cell cycle progression is tightly coupled to its function as a transcriptional repressor.
Financial risk and inflexibility: part-time HE in decline

The last special edition of this journal featured a range of articles exploring important issues around the impact of financial support on access to higher education, and subsequent persistence and achievement. The authors focussed on the unstated assumption that all HE students are full-time, and their findings implied that all students in need of financial support are 18 – 21 years old. In a UK context, this ignores the 28% of HE students who can only study part-time, a group disproportionately represented by mature students from disadvantaged backgrounds. This article draws on a UK-wide study of part-time learners in HE (Butcher, 2015) to argue that the financial challenges faced by part-time HE students, together with the inflexibilities in many university systems, contribute to the diminishing attraction of part-time study, and may play a significant role in the dramatic decline in part-time HE numbers in England, and to a lesser extent across the UK, since 2010.
Clinicopathological characteristics of 15 patients with combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare subtype of primary liver cancer, and clinicopathological features of cHCC-CC have seldom been reported in detail. This study was undertaken to explore the diagnosis and clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC in comparison with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC), respectively. METHODS The clinical data from 15 patients with cHCC-CC, 132 patients with HCC and 44 patients with CC who had undergone hepatic resection were analyzed retrospectively. Clinicopathological characteristics of cHCC-CC, HCC and CC such as hepatitis B viral infection, serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, cirrhosis, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, surgical procedure and adjuvant treatment were also analyzed. Follow up was carried out in the patients, and their 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were calculated. RESULTS Two patients with cHCC-CC were correctly diagnosed by enhanced CT before operation, the other 13 patients were diagnosed by histology and immunohistochemistry after operation. Radical (8/15) and conservative hepatectomy (7/15) for cHCC-CC was similar to that for HCC and CC (P>0.05). Pathologically cHCC-CC showed more significantly vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis than HCC (P<0.05), and a similarity to CC (P>0.05). Hepatitis B viral infection, serum HCV antibody, cirrhosis, and serum AFP level of cHCC-CC patients were similar to those of HCC patients (P>0.05) but different from CC patients (P<0.05). The cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates in patients with cHCC-CC were poorer than in patients with HCC or CC (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with cHCC-CC are seldom diagnosed before operation. The progression of cHCC-CC is more rapid than that of HCC or CC. Survival rate of patients with cHCC-CC after hepatic resection is poorer than that of patients with HCC or CC.
Cardiovascular KCNQ (Kv7) Potassium Channels: Physiological Regulators and New Targets for Therapeutic Intervention

Potassium channels play an important role in electrical signaling of excitable cells such as neurons, cardiac myocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In particular, the KCNQ (Kv7) family of voltage-activated K+ channels functions to stabilize negative resting membrane potentials and thereby opposes electrical excitability. Of the five known members of the mammalian Kv7 family, Kv7.1 was originally recognized for its role in cardiac myocytes, where it contributes to repolarization of the cardiac action potential. Kv7.2 to Kv7.5 were first discovered in neurons, in which they play a well characterized role in neurotransmitter-stimulated action potential firing. Over the past 5 years, important new roles for Kv7 channels have been identified. Kv7 channels have been found to be expressed in VSMCs from several vascular beds where they contribute to the regulation of vascular tone. There is evidence that Kv7.5 channels in VSMCs are targeted by the hormone vasopressin to mediate its physiological vasoconstrictor actions and evidence that neuronal Kv7 channels in the baroreceptors of the aortic arch adjust the sensitivity of the mechanosensitive neurons to changes in arterial blood pressure. These newly identified physiological roles for Kv7 channels in the cardiovascular system warrant increased attention because pharmacological modulators of this family of channels are being used clinically to treat a variety of neurological disorders. This raises questions about the cardiovascular side effects associated with existing therapies, but there is also obvious potential to capitalize on the established and evolving pharmacology of these channels to develop new therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
Measuring Gubernatorial Budgetary Power

Numerous scholars have considered the relationship between gubernatorial power and political outcomes. In fact, gubernatorial power has been used as a key explanatory factor in analyses of topics such as gubernatorial approval, divided government, regulation, and even individual political behavior. The key to these studies is the precision with which scholars can measure gubernatorial power and many such studies rely on the Formal Powers Index (FPI)—a measure maintained by Beyle. In this article, we reconsider these commonly used power scores in three parts. First, we argue and show that FPI suffers from a key measurement error that is particularly problematic in analyses of time-series data. Second, we present a new approach to estimating gubernatorial power and explain how this approach deals with the measurement errors in the FPI. Finally, we use our new scores to replicate a study that originally relied on the FPI to analyze the effect of gubernatorial power. Given the prevalence of the FPI in the existing literature, our results have key implications for the study of the effects of gubernatorial power.
Intermittent Catheterization: Sterile or Clean?

&NA; Bacteriuria—asymptomatic and symptomatic—always has the potential to develop into a serious problem when intermittent catheterization is being used. Research on the best method of reducing bacteriuria is inconclusive. Studies have focused on the use of sterile technique, oral or vesical antibiotics, and the frequency of catheterization. This article presents a summary of current research on bacteriuria in the patient requiring intermittent catheterization.
Modelling consumer's behaviour of the meat consumption in Slovakia.

Th ere exists a plenty extensive theoretical and empirical literature on what determines the consumption levels over time and across countries, but less research into the changes in the consumption patterns (i.e. the mix of diff erent goods and services that is purchased). To better understand how changing incomes and prices infl uenced the consumption patterns, the contribution estimates the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) models. Th e aim of the paper is to fi nd patterns and preference changes in the consumer demand for meat in Slovakia. From the methodological aspect, there were used important items of the demand, and for the consumer behaviour analysis, there were computed elasticity coeffi cients by using the model AIDS. Th e coeffi cients of the price and income demand elasticity were determined. Th e computed elasticities showed that all meat items had a positive income elasticity of demand which implies that they were normal goods. Beef and pork were expenditure (income) elastic and hence could be considered as a luxury, while poultry and fi sh were income inelastic meaning that those were of necessity. Keyword: AIDS model, consumer patterns, meat demand, own and cross price elasticities Supported by the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences VEGA (Project No.1/0843/014 – “Economic Growth, Global Commodity Markets and the Food and Nutrition Security in the Central and Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans.”).
EDEEC-ENHANCED DISTRIBUTED ENERGY EFFICIENT CLUSTERING PROTOCOL FOR HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK ( WSN ) 1

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consists of widespread random deployment of energy constrained sensor nodes. Sensor nodes have different ability to sense and send sensed data to Base Station (BS) or Sink. Sensing as well as transmitting data towards sink requires large amount of energy. In WSNs, conserve energy & prolonging the lifetime of network are great challenges. Many routing protocols have been proposed in order to achieve energy efficiency in heterogeneous environment. This paper focuses on clustering based routing technique: Enhanced Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme (EDEEC). EDEEC mainly consists of three types of nodes in extending the lifetime & stability of network. Hence, it increases the heterogeneity and energy level of the network. Simulation results show that EDEEC performs better than DDEEC & DEEC.
Expression patterns of the steroid receptor coactivator family in human ovarian endometriosis

Aim: Endometriosis is an estrogen‐dependent disease that causes pelvic pain and infertility. In this study, to examine the estrogen‐dependent mechanisms of human endometriosis, we focused on the expression patterns of the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family of cofactors for nuclear steroid receptors and estrogen receptor α (ERα).
Orbital Stress Analysis, Part IV: Use of a “Stiffness-Graded” Biodegradable Implants to Repair Orbital Blow-Out Fracture

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop a finite element model (FEM) of a human orbit, of 1 patient, who had an orbital blow-out fracture, to study the effect of using a “stiffness-graded” (SG) biodegradable implant on the biomechanics of bone-fracture repair. Methods An FEM of the orbit and the globe, of 1 patient who had an orbital blow-out fracture and was treated with biodegradable poly-L/DL-lactide [P(L/DL)LA 70/30], was generated based on computed tomography scan images. Simulations were performed with a computer using a commercially available finite element software. The FEM was then used to study the effect of using an SG biodegradable implant on the stress distribution in the fractured bone. This was compared with the stress distribution at the fracture interface and at the bone-implant interface, when using P(L/DL)LA implant with a uniform stiffness. Results The use of SG implants caused less stress shielding to the fractured bone. At 50% of the bone healing stage, stress at the fracture interface was compressive in nature, that is, 0.2 MPa for the uniform implant, whereas SG implants resulted in tensile stress of 0.2 MPa. The result was that SG implants allowed the 50% healed bone to participate in loadings. Stiffness-graded implants are more flexible and hence permit more bending of the fractured bone. This results in higher compressive stresses, induced at the fractured faces, to accelerate bone healing. However, away from the fracture interface, the reduced stiffness and elastic modulus of the implant cause the neutral axis of the composite structure to be lowered into the bone, resulting in the higher tensile stress in the bone layer underneath the implant. Conclusions The use of SG implants induced significant changes in the stress patterns at the fracture interface and at the bone-implant interface. Stiffness-graded biodegradable implants offered less stress shielding to the bone, providing higher compressive stress at the fractured surface, to induce accelerated bone healing, as well as higher tensile stress in the intact portion of the bone. It seems that this is the first reported study, in the literature, on the use of SG biodegradable implants to repair and promote bone healing at the fracture site of the inferior orbital wall bone defect.
Fas-induced Activation of the Cell Death-related Protease CPP32 Is Inhibited by Bcl-2 and by ICE Family Protease Inhibitors*

The human proto-oncogene bcl-2 and its Caenorhabditis elegans homologue ced-9 inhibit programmed cell death. In contrast, members of the human interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE) family of cysteine proteases and their C. elegans homologue CED-3 promote the death program. Genetic experiments in C. elegans have shown that ced-9 is formally a negative regulator of ced-3 function, but neither those studies nor others have determined whether CED-9 or Bcl-2 proteins act biochemically upstream or downstream of CED-3/ICE proteases. CPP32, like all known members of the CED-3/ICE family, is synthesized as a proenzyme that is subsequently processed into an active protease with specificity for cleavage at Asp-X peptide bonds. In this report, we demonstrate that the CPP32 proenzyme is proteolytically processed and activated in Jurkat cells induced to die by Fas ligation. CPP32 activation is blocked by cell-permeable inhibitors of aspartate-directed, cysteine proteases, suggesting that pro-CPP32 is cleaved by active CPP32 or by other ICE family members. Heterologous expression of Bcl-2 in Jurkat cells prevents Fas-induced cell death as well as proteolytic processing and activation of CPP32. Thus, Bcl-2 acts at or upstream of the CPP32 activation step to inhibit apoptosis induced by Fas stimulation.
Enhancement of cell growth in tissue‐engineering constructs under direct perfusion: Modeling and simulation

Perfusion bioreactors improve mass transfer in cell‐scaffold constructs. We developed a mathematical model to simulate nutrient flow through cellular constructs. Interactions among cell proliferation, nutrient consumption, and culture medium circulation were investigated. The model incorporated modified Contois cell‐growth kinetics that includes effects of nutrient saturation and limited cell growth. Nutrient uptake was depicted through the Michaelis–Menton kinetics. To describe the culture medium convection, the fluid flow outside the cell‐scaffold construct was described by the Navier–Stokes equations, while the fluid dynamics within the construct was modeled by Brinkman's equation for porous media flow. Effects of the media perfusion were examined by including time‐dependant porosity and permeability changes due to cell growth. The overall cell volume was considered to consist of cells and extracellular matrices (ECM) as a whole without treating ECM separately. Numerical simulations show when cells were cultured subjected to direct perfusion, they penetrated to a greater extent into the scaffold and resulted in a more uniform spatial distribution. The cell amount was increased by perfusion and ultimately approached an asymptotic value as the perfusion rates increased in terms of the dimensionless Peclet number that accounts for the ratio of nutrient perfusion to diffusion. In addition to enhancing the nutrient delivery, perfusion simultaneously imposes flow‐mediated shear stress to the engineered cells. Shear stresses were found to increase with cell growth as the scaffold void space was occupied by the cell and ECM volumes. The macro average stresses increased from 0.2 mPa to 1 mPa at a perfusion rate of 20 µm/s with the overall cell volume fraction growing from 0.4 to 0.7, which made the overall permeability value decrease from 1.35 × 10−2cm2 to 5.51 × 10−4cm2. Relating the simulation results with perfusion experiments in literature, the average shear stresses were below the critical value that would induce the chondrocyte necrosis. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007; 97: 1603–1616. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Triplophysa anterodorsalis (Teleostei, Balitoridae, Nemacheilinae)

Abstract Triplophysa anterodorsalis is an endemic fish in the upper stream of the Yangtze River, Jinsha River and its tributaries. However, wild populations of T. anterodorsalis declined sharply due to cascade hydropower stations constructed successively in the Jinsha River during the past decades. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial DNA genome sequence of T. anterodorsalis was first determined by DNA sequencing based on the PCR fragments. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of T. anterodorsalis is a circular molecule of 16,567 bp in size. It consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region (D-loop). The gene nucleotide composition of T. anterodorsalis is 27.37% A, 25.68% C, 18.37% G, and 28.57% T, with a relatively a relatively high A + T content (55.94%). The results could provide useful data for studies on genetic structure and diversity and rational resource conservation in T. anterodorsalis.
Sequential algorithms combining non-invasive markers and biopsy for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B.

AIM To assess the performance of several non-invasive markers and of our recently proposed stepwise combination algorithms to diagnose significant fibrosis (F > or = 2 by METAVIR) and cirrhosis (F4 by METAVIR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS One hundred and ten consecutive patients (80 males, 30 females, mean age: 42.6 +/- 11.3) with CHB undergoing diagnostic liver biopsy were included. AST-to-Platelet ratio (APRI), Fornso index, AST-to-ALT Ratio, Goteborg University Cirrhosis Index (GUCI), Hui's model and Fibrotest were measured on the day of liver biopsy. The performance of these methods and of sequential algorithms combining Fibrotest, APRI and biopsy was defined by positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, accuracy and area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS PPV for significant fibrosis was excellent (100%) with Forns and high (> 92%) with APRI, GUCI, Fibrotest and Hui. However, significant fibrosis could not be excluded by any marker (NPV < 65%). Fibrotest had the best PPV and NPV for cirrhosis (87% and 90%, respectively). Fibrotest showed the best AUC for both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis (0.85 and 0.76, respectively). Stepwise combination algorithms of APRI, Fibrotest and biopsy showed excellent performance (0.96 AUC, 100% NPV) for significant fibrosis and 0.95 AUC, 98% NPV for cirrhosis, with 50%-80% reduced need for liver biopsy. CONCLUSION In CHB sequential combination of APRI, Fibrotest and liver biopsy greatly improves the diagnostic performance of the single non-invasive markers. Need for liver biopsy is reduced by 50%-80% but cannot be completely avoided. Non-invasive markers and biopsy should be considered as agonists and not antagonists towards the common goal of estimating liver fibrosis.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated noncoding RNA editing in human cancers

ABSTRACT Cancer is characterized by multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations, including a higher prevalence of mutations of oncogenes and/or tumor suppressors. Mounting evidences have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in the epigenetic regulation of cancer genes and their associated pathways. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system, a revolutionary genome-editing technology, has shed light on ncRNA-based cancer therapy. Here, we briefly introduce the classifications and mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9 system. Importantly, we mainly focused on the applications of CRISPR/Cas9 system as a molecular tool for ncRNA (microRNA, long noncoding RNA and circular RNA, etc.) editing in human cancers, and the novel techniques that are based on CRISPR/Cas9 system. Additionally, the off-target effects and the corresponding solutions as well as the challenges toward CRISPR/Cas9 were also evaluated and discussed. Long- and short-ncRNAs have been employed as targets in precision oncology, and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ncRNA editing may provide an excellent way to cure cancer.
Negative Feelings and Help Seeking Among Older Adults With Chronic Conditions

Older adults with chronic conditions are at greater risk of negative affect, though few studies have focused on older adults’ perspectives on how chronic conditions affect their mental well-being. This study involved in-depth interviews that explored how older adults describe their feelings about chronic conditions, the context within which they experience these feelings, and their experiences with help-seeking for negative feelings. Participants reported that older adults experience a range of negative feelings related to their conditions and are only comfortable talking to people who understand their everyday experiences with managing chronic conditions. The findings have implications for health self-management.