Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fastest Distributed Consensus Problem on Branches of an Arbitrary Connected Sensor Network

This paper studies the fastest distributed consensus averaging problem on branches of an arbitrary connected sensor network. In the previous works full knowledge about the sensor network's connectivity topology was required for determining the optimal weights and convergence rate of distributed consensus averaging algorithm over the network. Here in this work for the first time, the optimal weights are determined analytically for the edges of certain types of branches, independent of the rest of network. The solution procedure consists of stratification of associated connectivity graph of the branches and Semidefinite Programming (SDP), particularly solving the slackness conditions, where the optimal weights are obtained by inductive comparing of the characteristic polynomials initiated by slackness conditions. Several examples and numerical results are provided to confirm the optimality of the obtained weights.
Receiver operating characteristic analysis. Application to the study of quantum fluctuation effects in optic nerve of Rana pipiens

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of nerve messages is described. The hypothesis that quantum fluctuations provide the only limit to the ability of frog ganglion cells to signal luminance change information is examined using ROC analysis. In the context of ROC analysis, the quantum fluctuation hypothesis predicts (a) the detectability of a luminance change signal should rise proportionally to the size of the change, (b) detectability should decrease as the square root of background, an implication of which is the deVries-Rose law, and (c) ROC curves should exhibit a shape particular to underlying Poisson distributions. Each of these predictions is confirmed for the responses of dimming ganglion cells to brief luminance decrements at scotopic levels, but none could have been tested using classical nerve message analysis procedures.
Amount of care per survivor in young and older patients hospitalized in intensive care unit: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND It is unknown whether the amount of care deployed in the intensive care unit population divided by the number of survivors, that is, amount of care per survivor including the care performed for nonsurvivors, differs between patients older and younger than 75 years of age. METHODS Data were extracted from the computerized files of all 2,220 patients admitted in a medical intensive care unit between January 2009 and December 2010. Patients ≥75 and <75 years old were compared. The Omega score per survivor (OMEGA/S) was calculated in both age groups by dividing the total amount of Omega points, a score of cumulated care load calculated over intensive care unit stay, by the number of survivors in each group. RESULTS OMEGA/S was 26% higher in elderly versus younger patients when considering intensive care unit mortality and 40% higher when considering hospital mortality. The absence of difference in raw Omega values between the two groups implies that OMEGA/S differences were related to differences in mortality rate. Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (without age-related points) strata analysis (<20, 20-39, 40-59, 60-79, and ≥80) showed that OMEGA/S in the elderly patients was significantly higher in the first three Simplified Acute Physiology Score II strata only. When calculating by main diagnosis categories, a major increase in the difference of OMEGA/S between elderly and younger patients was observed in cardiac arrest patients due to a major difference in mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS Elderly patients required a significantly higher care load per survivor in comparison to younger patients. This excess was mainly due to patients with low initial severity.
The Dark Energy Scale in Superconductors: Innovative Theoretical and Experimental Concepts

We revisit the cosmological constant problem and point out that the observed value of dark energy density in the universe actually represents a rather natural value arising as the geometric mean of two vacuum energy densities, one being extremely large and the other one being extremely small. The corresponding mean energy scale is the Planck Einstein scale lPE = p lP lE = (¯ hG/c 3 �) 1/4 � 0.037mm, a natural scale both for dark energy and the physics of superconductors. We deal with the statistics of quantum fluctuations underlying dark energy in superconductors and consider a scale transformation from the Planck scale to the Planck-Einstein scale which leaves the quantum physics invariant. Our approach unifies various experimentally confirmed or conjectured effects in superconductors into a common framework: Cutoff of vacuum fluctuation spectra, formation of Tao balls, anomalous gravitomagnetic fields, non-classical inertia, and time uncertainties in radioactive superconductors. We propose several new experiments which may further elucidate the role of the PlanckEinstein scale in superconductors.
The Wikipedia location network: overcoming borders and oceans

In social network analysis and information retrieval, research has recently been devoted to the extraction of implicit relationships between persons from unstructured textual sources. In this paper, we adapt such a person-centric approach to the extraction of locations and build the Wikipedia Location Network based on co-occurrences of place names in the English Wikipedia. We summarize the network's characteristics and demonstrate its value for future location relationship analysis tasks.
Predicting Alliance for Depressed and Suicidal Adolescents: The Role of Perceived Attachment to Mothers

ABSTRACT Although therapeutic alliance is a robust predictor of treatment outcomes in child and adolescent psychotherapy, less is known about relational factors, such as youth’s attachment, to mothers and fathers. The current study investigated anxious or avoidant attachment to mothers or fathers as predictors of early formation of the therapeutic alliance in a high-risk sample of depressed and suicidal adolescents. Changes in adolescents’ alliance ratings between the 1st and 4th treatment sessions were examined in a comparative efficacy trial (N = 115) of attachment-based family therapy and family-enhanced nondirective supportive therapy for suicidal and depressed adolescents. Multilevel regression analysis accounted for nested data by therapist and treatment condition. After accounting for significant random effects in our multilevel model associated with therapist to treatment condition, results revealed a significant effect of perceived insecurity to mothers leading to lower levels of therapeutic alliance at Session 4 (β = −0.49, p < .05). The quality of adolescents’ attachments to parents may play an important role in adolescents’ ability to form strong working relationships with a therapist. Findings suggested that adolescents with avoidant attachment styles may be more difficult to engage in treatment and could benefit from specific interventions focused on alliance-building.
Spread and change in stress resistance of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 on fungal colonies

To elucidate the effect of fungal hyphae on the behaviour of Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, the spread and change in stress resistance of the bacterium were evaluated after coculture with 11 species of food‐related fungi including fermentation starters. Spread distances of STEC O157 varied depending on the co‐cultured fungal species, and the motile bacterial strain spread for longer distances than the non‐motile strain. The population of STEC O157 increased when co‐cultured on colonies of nine fungal species but decreased on colonies of Emericella nidulans and Aspergillus ochraceus. Confocal scanning microscopy visualization of green fluorescent protein‐tagged STEC O157 on fungal hyphae revealed that the bacterium colonized in the water film that existed on and between hyphae. To investigate the physiological changes in STEC O157 caused by co‐culturing with fungi, the bacterium was harvested after 7 days of co‐culturing and tested for acid resistance. After co‐culture with eight fungal species, STEC O157 showed greater acid resistance compared to those cultured without fungi. Our results indicate that fungal hyphae can spread the contamination of STEC O157 and can also enhance the stress resistance of the bacteria.
Message-in-a-bottle: user-friendly and secure key deployment for sensor nodes

Existing protocols for secure key establishment all rely on an unspecified mechanism for initially deploying secrets to sensor nodes. However, no commercially viable and secure mechanism exists for initial setup. Without a guarantee of secure key deployment, the traffic over a sensor network cannot be presumed secure. To address this problem, we present a user-friendly protocol for the secure deployment of cryptographic keys in sensor networks. We propose a collection of five techniques to prevent an attacker from eavesdropping on key deployment. To demonstrate feasibility for real-world use, we implement our protocol on Telos motes and conduct a user study.
Males Are Overrepresented among Life Science Researchers Committing Scientific Misconduct

ABSTRACT A review of the United States Office of Research Integrity annual reports identified 228 individuals who have committed misconduct, of which 94% involved fraud. Analysis of the data by career stage and gender revealed that misconduct occurred across the entire career spectrum from trainee to senior scientist and that two-thirds of the individuals found to have committed misconduct were male. This exceeds the overall proportion of males among life science trainees and faculty. These observations underscore the need for additional efforts to understand scientific misconduct and to ensure the responsible conduct of research. IMPORTANCE As many of humanity’s greatest problems require scientific solutions, it is critical for the scientific enterprise to function optimally. Misconduct threatens the scientific enterprise by undermining trust in the validity of scientific findings. We have examined specific demographic characteristics of individuals found to have committed research misconduct in the life sciences. Our finding that misconduct occurs across all stages of career development suggests that attention to ethical aspects of the conduct of science should not be limited to those in training. The observation that males are overrepresented among those who commit misconduct implies a gender difference that needs to be better understood in any effort to promote research integrity. As many of humanity’s greatest problems require scientific solutions, it is critical for the scientific enterprise to function optimally. Misconduct threatens the scientific enterprise by undermining trust in the validity of scientific findings. We have examined specific demographic characteristics of individuals found to have committed research misconduct in the life sciences. Our finding that misconduct occurs across all stages of career development suggests that attention to ethical aspects of the conduct of science should not be limited to those in training. The observation that males are overrepresented among those who commit misconduct implies a gender difference that needs to be better understood in any effort to promote research integrity.
RF-Schottky diodes with Ni silicide for mixer applications

In this paper n- and p-doped Schottky diode with NiSi (nickel silicide) as contact material will be compared with Schottky diodes with Al (aluminum) contact. It is shown that a useable p-doped Schottky diode with high cut-off frequency could be achieved if nickel silicide is used as contact material. Also is proved that nickel silicide, if used as contact material, decreases the series resistance in cause of a reduced contact resistance.
2 Problem Setting 2 . 1 Video Retrieval Schemes

With the advancement of multimedia, digital video creation has become very common. There is enormous information present in the video, necessitating search techniques for specific content. In this paper, we present an approach that enables search based on the textual information present in the video. Regions of textual information are identified within the frames of the video. Video is then annotated with the textual content present in the images. Traditionally, OCRs are used to extract the text within the video. The choice of OCRs brings in many constraints on the language and the font that they can take care of. We hence propose an approach that enables matching at the image-level and therby avoiding an OCR. Videos containing the query string are retrieved from a video database and sorted based on the relevance. Results are shown from video collections in English,Hindi and Telugu.
How Do Treebank Annotation Schemes Inﬂuence Parsing Results? Or How Not to Compare Apples And Oranges

In the last decade, the Penn treebank has become the standard data set for evaluating parsers. The fact that most parsers are solely evaluated on this speciﬁc data set leaves the question unanswered how much these results depend on the annotation scheme of the tree-bank. In this paper, we will investigate the inﬂuence which different decisions in the annotation schemes of treebanks have on parsing. The investigation uses the comparison of similar treebanks of German, NE-GRA and TüBa-D/Z, which are subsequently modi-ﬁed to allow a comparison of the differences. The re-sults show that deleted unary nodes and a ﬂat phrase structure have a negative inﬂuence on parsing quality while a ﬂat clause structure has a positive inﬂuence.
DNA Barcoding of genus Hexacentrus in China reveals cryptic diversity within Hexacentrus japonicus (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae)

Abstract DNA barcoding has been proved successful to provide resolution beyond the boundaries of morphological information. Hence, a study was undertaken to establish DNA barcodes for all morphologically determined Hexacentrus species in China collections. In total, 83 specimens of five Hexacentrus species were barcoded using standard mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Except for Hexacentrus japonicus, barcode gaps were present in the remaining Hexacentrus species. Taxon ID tree generated seven BOLD’s barcode index numbers (BINs), four of which were in agreement with the morphological species. For Hexacentrus japonicus, the maximum intraspecific divergence (4.43%) produced a minimal overlap (0.64%), and 19 specimens were divided into three different BINs. There may be cryptic species within the current Hexacentrus japonicus. This study adds to a growing body of DNA barcodes that have become available for katydids, and shows that a DNA barcoding approach enables the identification of known Hexacentrus species with a very high resolution.
A pommaret division algorithm for computing Grobner bases in boolean rings

In this paper an involutive algorithm for construction of Grobner bases in Boolean rings is presented. The algorithm exploits the Pommaret monomial division as an involutive division. In distinction to other approaches and due to special properties of Pommaret division the algorithm allows to perform the Grobner basis computation directly in a Boolean ring which can be defined as the quotient ring F<sub>2</sub>[x<sub>1</sub>,. ,x<sub>n</sub>],<x<sub>1</sub><sup>2</sup>+x<sub>1</sub>,. ,x<sub>n</sub><sup>2</sup>+x<sub>n</sub>>. Some related cardinality bounds for Pommaret and Grobner bases are derived. Efficiency of our first implementation of the algorithm is illustrated by a number of serial benchmarks.
Logical inference modeled by Petri nets

Decision-making is a fundamental step in a large variety of activities and the persons that are responsible for this should be able, in any circumstances, to find the right solutions. Some decisional systems have been developed in order to help humans, trying to provide intelligent behavior. Logical inference is one of the handiest mechanisms of artificial intelligence that is suitable for decision-making. In this paper it was chosen to prove that Petri nets can be used for modeling medical decisional systems. The example presented here is an application developed for medical predictions, an area where these mechanisms are successfully used.
Expression of beta 1 integrins in sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion and their functions in neurite outgrowth on two laminin isoforms

Integrins are heterodimeric receptors that mediate responses of neurons and many other cell types to components of the extracellular matrix. In the present article, we examine the roles of individual integrin receptors expressed by spinal sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in mediating interactions with laminin, an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that promotes neurite outgrowth. DRG neurons were shown to express three beta 1 integrins that have been shown in other cell types to function as laminin receptors--high levels of alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 3 beta 1 and low levels of alpha 6 beta 1. In addition, DRG neurons were shown to express a known fibronectin receptor, alpha 5 beta 1, and an integrin with undefined ligands, alpha 6 beta 4. Function-inhibitory monoclonal antibodies specific for the alpha 1, alpha 2, alpha 3, alpha 5, and alpha 6 integrin subunits were used to determine the roles of individual integrins in mediating neurite outgrowth by DRG neurons on laminin. The results demonstrate that alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 3 beta 1 function as laminin receptors on these neurons. As many as 18 distinct isoforms of laminin may exist, assembled as heterotrimers containing one each of the different A, B1, or B2 subunit homologs. In the present study, we characterize neurite outgrowth in response to two of these isoforms, the AeB1eB2e isoform and the AmB1eB2e isoform. Results utilizing DRG neurons and a pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) indicate that these two isoforms exhibit differential selectivities for the alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 3 beta 1 integrins. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PD-Shift: Patch Detector Shift based Tracker

We identify two important directions of algorithm development in the tracking literature - first, the older and more established mean-shift based approaches; and second, more recent formulations of viewing tracking as detection by parts (aka tracking-learning-detecting). Introductory versions of both these approaches had their own weaknesses due to the main challenges of tracking like illumination variations, abrupt motions, deformations/articulations and occlusions. Both these approaches have developed independently with a number of follow-ups in the literature and even the matured versions were never integrated. We propose to integrate these two different viewpoints of single object tracking where the contribution lies in the construction of the target model as a collection of object part/patch detectors integrated with a kernel. Similarly, the kernel weighted patch detector responses form the candidate model. The Bhattacharyya coefficient based similarity measure between the target and candidate model is maximized in a gradient ascent framework to deduce a mean-shift like centroid update rule to iteratively track the target in the subsequent frames. We call this unified one the Patch Detector Shift based Tracker (PD-Shift). Experimental results of PD-Shift based tracking performance analysis is presented for the BoBoT dataset.
Matrix models, geometric engineering and elliptic genera

We compute the prepotential of = 2 supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions obtained by toroidal compactifications of gauge theories from 6 dimensions, as a function of Kahler and complex moduli of T2. We use three different methods to obtain this: matrix models, geometric engineering and instanton calculus. Matrix model approach involves summing up planar diagrams of an associated gauge theory on T2. Geometric engineering involves considering F-theory on elliptic threefolds, and using topological vertex to sum up worldsheet instantons. Instanton calculus involves computation of elliptic genera of instanton moduli spaces on R4. We study the compactifications of = 2* theory in detail and establish equivalence of all these three approaches in this case. As a byproduct we geometrically engineer theories with massive adjoint fields. As one application, we show that the moduli space of mass deformed M5-branes wrapped on T2 combines the Kahler and complex moduli of T2 and the mass parameter into the period matrix of a genus 2 curve.
CAD model decomposition for WirePATHTM

This paper describes algorithms and software for decomposing CAD models for a new mold manufacturing process called WirePATH™, which uses wire electrical discharge machining (EDM) to reduce mold fabrication time. A decomposition strategy has been developed to account for the limitations of wire EDM. During decomposition, CAD models are separated into manufacturable segments and then layered if they contain curved or relatively flat sloped surfaces because wire EDM is limited to steeply sloped ruled surfaces. A new algorithm for direct adaptive layering of CAD models is developed. The algorithm analyzes surface error by comparing line segments against actual curves from the model surface. Also, the maximum angle needed to produce each layer is checked, and, in some cases, the layers are reconstructed to conform to the maximum angle.
Corrections to LRT on large-dimensional covariance matrix by RMT

In this paper, we give an explanation to the failure of two likelihood ratio procedures for testing about covariance matrices from Gaussian populations when the dimension p is large compared to the sample size n. Next, using recent central limit theorems for linear spectral statistics of sample covariance matrices and of random F -matrices, we propose necessary corrections for these LR tests to cope with high-dimensional effects. The asymptotic distributions of these corrected tests under the null are given. Simulations demonstrate that the corrected LR tests yield a realized size close to nominal level for both moderate p (around 20) and high dimension, while the traditional LR tests with χ 2 approximation fails. Another contribution from the paper is that for testing the equality between two covariance matrices, the proposed correction applies equally for non-Gaussian populations yielding a valid pseudo-likelihood ratio test.
MAR/sub a/BO/sub O/U-A MBS and ROOT based online/offline utility

MAR/sub a/BO/sub O/U is a system for data acquisition and evaluation developed at the Tandem Accelerator Laboratory of the Universities of Munich. It consists of a front-end system for data readout, event building, and data transport based on the Multi Branch System MBS, and a back-end system responsible for setup, run control, histogramming, data analysis, and data storage written within the ROOT framework. The ROOT part includes a GUI to control the MBS front-end, a histogram presenter to visualize the data, and class libraries to describe the experiment.