Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new adaptive channel assignment algorithm in cellular mobile systems

In this paper, a new adaptive channel assignment algorithm in cellular mobile systems is proposed and examined in comparison with a dynamic load balancing strategy, the load balancing with selective borrowing (LBSB) algorithm. The new algorithm is based on the fixed channel assignment strategy as its underlying scheme, that is, it assigns a fixed number of channels to each cell permanently. At run-time, it attempts to balance dynamically the imbalance of available channels between the cells. Two thresholds, light and heavy, are introduced to classify the cells in the system into three classes according to the number of available channels in the cells: light, moderate, and heavy cells. Each cell is assumed to know its own exact state (the number of the available channels) and to which class it belongs at any given instant. The MSC keeps the state information of the cells and runs the channel borrowing algorithm to borrow free channels from the light cells for the heavy cells whenever it finds any heavy cells. The moderate cells are not allowed to borrow any channels from any other cells nor lend any channels to any other cells. When making a borrowing decision, the states of the co-channel cells of a potential lender cell are also taken into account to prevent a potential channel borrowing loop. The results indicate that the new algorithm performs better than the LBSB algorithm with respect to the call blocking probability.
Interactionsof Benzo(a)pyreneDiol-Epoxideswith Linearand Supercoiled DMA1

Previous spectroscopic studies of the major adduct formed by reaction of (Â±)-7r,8f-dihydroxy-9f,10f-oxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene (BPDE-I) with linear DMA have been interpreted to suggest that the adduct is not intercalated in the double helix. However, studies of the electrophoretic mobility of supercoiled DMA treated with BPDE-I suggest that the adduct is intercalated. To resolve these interpretations, we have studied the reaction of BPDE-I with supercoiled and linear DNA. The kinetics of DNAcatalyzed hydrolysis and of covalent binding are similar for the two DMAs; supercoiled DNA exhibits a 20% increase in the rate of hydrolysis of BPDE-I at low DNA concentration compared to linear DNA. Fluorescence excitation spectra and fluorescence quenching experiments provide no support for a model in which BPDE-I adducts are intercalated in supercoiled DNA. When deoxyribonucleoside adducts were analyzed by high-perform ance liquid chromatography, identical distributions of BPDE-I adducts were found for supercoiled and linear DNA. These data are consistent with a previously proposed model (Hogan, M. E., Dattagupta, N., and Whitlock, J. P., Jr. J. Biol. Chem., 256: 4504-4513, 1981; Taylor, E. R., Miller, K. J., and Bleyer, A. J. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 1: 883-904, 1983), in which the major BPDE-I adduct in both linear and supercoiled DNA exists in a conformation which allows stacking with the neighboring base pair and introduces a "kink" into the path of the helical axis. Although this model provides an explanation for all available experimental data, there are undoubtedly other DNA adduct conformational models which are also consistent with the data.
Three-Level TAIPEI Rectifier—Analysis of Operation, Design Considerations, and Performance Evaluation

A new low-cost three-phase four-switch three-level zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) discontinuous-current-mode power-factor-correction boost rectifier, for short named the three-level TAIPEI rectifier, that achieves a low input-current total harmonic distortion (THD) and features ZVS of all the switches is introduced. Since in the proposed rectifier the voltage stress of the four switches is equal to one-half of the output voltage, the rectifier can utilize switches with a lower voltage rating that, generally, have lower conduction losses. To reduce the switching-frequency range and maximize the light-load efficiency, the control is implemented by a combination of variable-switching frequency and phase-shift pulse-width modulation control. Detailed design guidelines for and performance evaluation of a three-phase 6-kW prototype designed for the line-to-line voltage range from 340 VRM S to 520 VRM S are presented. The prototype rectifier exhibits efficiency in the 96%- 98% range and achieves less than 5% input-current THD over the entire nominal input-voltage range (380-480 VL-L,RM S) and above 50% of full load.
2,3-Diaminopyridinium 4-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylate

In the 4-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylate anion of the title salt, C5H8N3 +·C11H8NO3 −, the dihedral angle between the quinoline ring system and the carboxylate group is 16.54 (15)°. In the crystal, the cations and anions are linked via N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a centrosymmetric 2 + 2 aggregate with R 2 2(9) and R 4 2(8) ring motifs. These units are further connected via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a layer parallel to the bc plane. The crystal structure is also stabilized by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions between pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.5886 (8) Å] and between pyridine and benzene rings [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6328 (8) Å].
Multidimensional Data Classification Based on BP Neural Network Algorithm

This paper selects the BP neural network algorithm for data classification, and carries out a detailed derivation of its work principle. For the existing slow network convergence and prone to falling into local minimum and other defects of this algorithm, the paper adopts the method of the combination of using the variable learning rate and added with the momentum factor to improve the traditional BP algorithm. In the specific network training experiment, it is found that the improved algorithm has improved the speed of network convergence to certain extent. And the final data classification results show that, BP neural network has a relatively high success rate when applied for the multidimensional data classification in the Internet of Things.
Characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidisPolysaccharide Intercellular Adhesin/Hemagglutinin in the Pathogenesis of Intravascular Catheter-Associated Infection in a Rat Model

ABSTRACT Biofilm production is thought to be a crucial factor in the ability of Staphylococcus epidermidis to produce a biomaterial-based infection. A rat central venous catheter (CVC)-associated infection model was used to assess the importance of biofilm production, mediated by polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin (PIA/HA), in the pathogenesis of intravascular catheter-associated infection. PIA/HA-positive S. epidermidis 1457 was significantly more likely to cause a CVC-associated infection (71 versus 14%, P < 0.03) resulting in bacteremia and metastatic disease than its isogenic PIA/HA-negative mutant. These results confirm the importance of biofilm production, mediated by PIA/HA, in the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis experimental CVC-associated infection.
A Preliminary Approach for Modeling the Energy Efficiency for K-Means Clustering Applications in Data Centers

Energy efficiency is at the forefront of evaluating the performance of a data center in delivering green solutions for analyzing information in big data. A large scale distributed system is usually composed of a large number of powerhungry components. A methodology to model data processing flows inside the architecture of a data center is proposed to analyze the critical power constraints at the level of software. The model allows obtaining system characteristic values, thus benefiting analysts by providing the necessary environmental information to predict the power-efficiency alternative with the evaluation of energy consumption. An apparatus is designed comprising a receiver configured to receive a plurality of power measurements from a plurality of power sensors, and a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to determine an amount of power used by a processing element in a data center. The functionality and capability of this method for quantitative energy analysis of big data are validated by benchmarks and measurements performed on a real data center platform.
Safety of subcutaneous versus intravenous tocilizumab in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Introduction: Tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) monoclonal antibody, has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in several large randomized, controlled trials for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Areas covered: This article compares the safety profile of the newer, subcutaneous (SC) formulation of TCZ with the original intravenous (IV) formulation, in combination with traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in patients with RA. Several pivotal clinical trials are included, highlighting data from: i) trials of TCZ-IV; ii) trials of TCZ-SC; and iii) trials comparing IV to SC TCZ. TCZ use in pediatric populations is beyond the scope of this review. Expert opinion: The efficacy and safety of TCZ-IV in the treatment of RA has been demonstrated in multiple clinical trials, both as monotherapy and in combination with traditional DMARDs. The data for TCZ-SC is similar, albeit with a higher frequency of injection site reactions (ISRs). With careful patient selection, the benefit: risk ratio is favorable, offering patients a rapid and sustained reduction in disease activity, improved function and reduced structural damage. Given that most patients prefer SC to IV medication, TCZ-SC will likely become a mainstay, along with other biologic agents, for the treatment of RA patients who have failed traditional non-biologic DMARDs.
Ultrastructural Differentiation and CEA Expression of Butyrate‐Treated Human Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells

The effects of butyrate (a biological response modifier) on cellular morphologic features and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression of human pancreatic carcinoma cells were studied and compared in a well-differentiated, CEA-producing cell line (CAPAN-1), and a poorly differentiated cell line (PANC-1). Butyrate treatment resulted in the acquisition of phenotypic traits commonly attributed to increased “differentiation,” including a twofold increase in doubling time, decreased saturation densities, and ∼50% reduction in colony forming efficiency in both cell lines. Elongation and flattening of cells with extending cellular processes were seen by light microscopy. Significant ultrastructural changes were seen only in the PANC-1 cells, including an increased number of intercellular desmosomes, tonofilaments, and lipid droplets. In contrast, to the coarsely clumped nuclear chromatin (heterochromatin) of untreated PANC-1 cells, the nuclei of the butyrate-treated cells consisted of finely dispersed chromatin (euchromatin). CAPAN-1 cells responded to butyrate with increased CEA synthesis and release. This effect was greatest in the stationary growth phase. Butyrate had no effect on the already low rate of CEA synthesis by PANC-1 cells. These studies suggest that CEA synthesis and state of differentiation are affected independently by butyrate treatment and that the original tumor phenotype plays an important role in response to such treatment.
Alteration in the Radiosensitivity of HeLa Cells by Dichloromethane Extract of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia)

Exposure of HeLa cells to TCE (dichloromethane extract of Tinospora cordifolia) for 4 hours before exposure to 2-Gy γ-radiation caused a significant decrease in the cell viability (approximately 50%). The surviving fraction (SF) was reduced to 0.52 after 4 hours of TCE treatment; thereafter, clonogenecity of HeLa cells declined negligibly with treatment duration up to 6 hours posttreatment. Exposure of HeLa cells to different doses of γ-radiation resulted in a dose-dependent decline in the viability of HeLa cells, whereas treatment of HeLa cells with various doses of TCE further decreased the cell viability depending not only on the irradiation dose but also on the concentration of TCE. Treatment of HeLa cells with various doses of TCE caused a significant decline in cell viability after exposure to 1 to 4 Gy γ-radiation. The increase in TCE concentration before irradiation caused a concentration-dependent reduction in the SF, and a lowest SF was observed for 4 μg/mL TCE for all exposure doses. HeLa cells treated with TCE showed an increase in lactate dehydrogenase and decrease in glutathioneS-transferase activity at all postirradiation times. Lipid peroxidation increased up to 4 hours postirradiation and declined gradually up to 12 hours postirradiation.
Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia: Investigating motor overflow

Investigation of neurological soft signs (NSSs) in schizophrenia may allow for a greater understanding of its underlying pathology. Motor overflow, involuntary movement occurring during voluntary movement, is a NSS thought to occur to a greater degree in schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to replicate the only objective investigation which found enhanced motor overflow in schizophrenia and to further characterise its properties in a more systematic manner than previous research. The current study involved examining motor overflow production in 30 participants (15 with schizophrenia, 15 controls). Participants exerted 25 and 75% of their maximal force output, while overflow was monitored in the passive hand using linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) units. Patients with schizophrenia not only exhibited a significantly greater degree of motor overflow, compared to controls, they also exhibited a differential pattern of overflow production. Direct investigation of the cortical processes leading to motor overflow may provide a more complete understanding of the pathological relevance of motor overflow, and by extension NSSs, in schizophrenia.
Intermittent vs Continuous Graded Exercise Test for VO2max in College Soccer Athletes

Int J Exerc Sci 4(3) : 185-191, 2011. The purpose of this study was to determine if a 1-min active recovery between stages during a graded exercise test (GXT) would result in a higher stage intensity and maximum oxygen uptake in college soccer athletes. Eleven athletes completed two GXT protocols on separate days. Each GXT consisted of 2-min stages performed at a constant running speed and incremental increases of 2.5% grade. One GXT was performed continuously and the other was intermittent with 1-min active recovery between each stage. Tests were performed to volitional fatigue. Following the each GXT and a 10-min active recovery period, participants performed a verification stage at an intensity greater than the final stage of the GXT. All participants completed a higher intensity stage during the intermittent vs continuous GXT. As a result, VO2max and maximum heart rate (HR) were significantly higher (VO2: 57.7 ± 5.8 vs. 55.5 ± 5.7 ml·kg-1·min-1, HR: 190 ± 6 vs. 187 ± 6 bpm, p < 0.02) during the intermittent GXT. Maximum ventilation and respiratory exchange ratio did not differ between intermittent and continuous protocols. Following the intermittent GXT, nine participants completed the verification stage and obtained VO2 values within the plateau criterion. We conclude that a continuous GXT underestimates VO2max in some athletes and that the intermittent protocol may provide a more accurate measure of VO2max.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Locating alternative-fuel refueling stations on a multi-class vehicle transportation network

The existing literature regarding the location of alternative fuel (AF) refueling stations in transportation networks generally assumes that all vehicles are capable of traveling the same driving range and have similar levels of fuel in their tanks at the moment they enter the network and when they exit it. In this article, we relax these assumptions and introduce a multi-class vehicle transportation network in which vehicles have different driving ranges and fuel tank levels at their origins and destinations. A 0-1 linear programming model is proposed for locating a given number of refueling stations that maximize the total traffic flow covered (in round trips per time unit) by the stations on the network. Through numerical experiments with the 2011 mediumand heavy-duty truck traffic data in the Pennsylvania Turnpike, we identify the optimal sets of refueling stations for AF trucks on a multi-class vehicle transportation network. © 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Pattern Classification by Adaptive Machines

Man's intelligent behavior is due in part to his ability to select, classify, and abstract significant information reaching him from his environment by way of his senses. This function, pattern recognition, has become a major focus of research by scientists working in the field of artificial intelligence. At the lowest level, pattern recognition reduces to pattern classification, which consists of the separation, into desired classes, of groups of objects, sounds, odors, events, properties, and the like; the separations are based on sets of measurements made on the entities being classified. The pattern classifier is composed of a data filter and a categorizer. The data filter selects the distinguishing features and represents them as sets of real numbers; each set is termed a pattern. The categorizer assigns each pattern to one of several desired classes. Patterns can be represented geometrically as points in an n-dimensional space; the n coordinates of each point are the numerical values of the features selected to represent the pattern. A pattern classification system separates an n-dimensional space into regions, each of which ideally contains points of only one class. One method to effect this separation is by means of ldquo;trainablerdquo; categorizers—major components of adaptive machines. They consist of networks whose internal parameters are varied according to a set of fixed rules during a training cycle. A statistically large sample of known patterns are presented, one at a time, to the networks; internal corrections are made each time a pattern is erroneously classified. Classifica-tion performance tends to improve as the set of known patterns is cycled repetitively through the machine. Finally, the adequacy of adaptation is tested by a separate set of similar patterns which have not been used in the training process. A number of different machine organizations and training rules have been developed and are being applied successfully to numerous classification problems. More difficult recognition problems requiring the aid of logioal tests and analysis, search and association, use the digital computer programmed to supplement the functions of the adaptive classifier.
Implementation of Circular and Hexagonal Array Geometries in Smart Antenna Applications

Space division multiple access (SDMA) is a promising candidate for improving channel capacity in future wireless communication systems. Since the discrimination performance of the user in the spatial domain depends on the array arrangement, an optimum element arrangement for SDMA should be defined. Thus beam forming is very important and provides fundamental theory. However the pattern of antenna array is determined by array geometry. Two-dimensional (2-D) spatial filters that can be implemented by microstrip technology are capable of filtering the received signal in the angular domain as well as the frequency domain. This paper focuses on various geometry of eight and nine elements antenna array using circularly patch elements as well as hexagonal array with seven elements
Effect of intercalating agents on RNA polymerase I promoter selection in Xenopus laevis

We have analyzed the effect of DNA intercalating agents on the transcription signals from two different Xenopus laevis RNA polymerase I promoters. The transcription signal from the promoter for the 7.5-kilobase rRNA precursor (the gene promoter) is unaffected over a large range of intercalating agent concentrations regardless of whether the template is injected plasmid DNA in oocytes, the amplified endogenous nucleoli of oocytes, or the endogenous chromosomes of cultured Xenopus kidney cells. The transcription signal from a closely related promoter located in the spacer DNA between genes (the spacer promoter) ranges between undetectable to equivalent to the gene promoter signal on different templates. The transcription signal from the spacer promoter is also differentially affected by intercalating agents relative to the gene promoter. Depending on the template, these agents can either increase or decrease the transcription signal from the spacer promoter. Fusions between the gene and spacer promoters demonstrate that intercalating agents affect transcription initiation. One explanation for these results is that the degree of supercoiling of the template DNA can differentially inhibit transcription from the spacer promoters. The different effects of intercalating agents on transcription from the spacer promoters of various templates could then be explained as differences in the degree of supercoiling present on these templates initially.
Classification with fuzzy hypermatrices

This paper presents a novel classification method designed specifically for fast evaluation of problems with relatively low attribute quantities, such as image processing problems. The idea lies in the pre-calculation of fuzzy membership functions and their storage in an easily implementable structure. During the evaluation step the stored values can be accessed easily and quickly, making the processing of large quantities of data (like the pixels of images) significantly faster. A training algorithm is proposed and experimental results are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed technique.
The Development of Pneumostrongylus tenuis in the Central Nervous System of White-tailed Deer

The central nervous systems of five fawns (Odocoileus virginianus borealis), infected experimentally with Pneumostrongylus tenuis, were studied histologically 10, 20, 25, 30, and 40 days after infection. In the 10–30 day fawns young developing worms were found in dorsal horns of the grey matter of all regions of the spinal cord. A few worms were found in white matter and in the medulla oblongata. In the fawn autopsied 40 days after infection all but one of about 25 worms found were in the subdural space. Worms in the grey matter usually lay in cell-free tunnels surrounded by compressed neural tissue. There was little reaction of, or cellular infiltration in, surrounding tissue. Malacia was absent in all parts of grey matter. The central canal was normal and the brain, other than the medulla oblongata, was not involved. In the white matter, scattered single myelin sheath degeneration as well as degeneration and disappearance of axis cylinders were common. Occasionally there were tiny malacic areas in white matter, especially near worms. Infiltrations of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and plasma cells were commonly observed in and on the dura mater, the epineurium, ganglion capsules, and other tissues of the epidural space. The relative dearth of histopathologic findings helps to explain the rarity and slightness of neurologic signs in infected fawns and is indicative perhaps of a long and well established host-parasite relationship. This is in contrast to the situation in moose (Alces a. americana) where severe traumatic damage to the spinal cord by P. tenuis is associated with ataxia and paralysis.