Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimization of fluctuations of output power and terminal voltage of wind generator by using STATCOM/SMES

Due to random variations of wind speed, the output power and terminal voltage of a fixed speed wind generator fluctuate continuously. These irregularities in power output are characteristic of intermittent energy sources such as wind energy, affecting both the power quality and planning of the energy storage system. It is reported that STATCOM/SMES (superconducting magnetic energy storage) topology can significantly decrease voltage and power fluctuations of grid connected fixed speed wind generator. But the main problem in wind generator output power smoothing is setting of the reference output power. Constant output power reference can cause large energy storage capacity in the cases when wind speed is very low. In this paper, the STATCOM/SMES topology is proposed, in which both SMA (simple moving average) and EMA (exponential moving average) are used to generate output power reference. Real wind speed data is used in the simulation analyses, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed STATCOM/ SMES topology can smooth well the wind generator output power and also maintain the terminal voltage at rated level in both cases when SMA or EMA is used to generate output reference power. Finally, it is shown that reference output power generated by EMA provides better performance with reduced SMES storage capacity than that generated by SMA.
Living between two worlds: two-phase culture systems for producing plant secondary metabolites

The two-phase culture system is an important in vitro strategy to increase the production of secondary metabolites (SMs) by providing an enhanced release of these compounds from plant cells. Whereas the first phase supports cell growth, the second phase provides an additional site or acts as a metabolic sink for the accumulation of SMs and also reduces feedback inhibition. This review is focused on several aspects of the two-phase culture system and aims to show the diverse possibilities of employing this technique for the in vitro production of SMs from plant cells. Depending on the material used in the secondary phase, two-phase culture systems can be broadly categorised as liquid–liquid or liquid–solid. The choice of material for the second phase depends on the type of compound to be recovered and the compatibility with the other phase. Different factors affecting the efficiency of two-phase culture systems include the choice of material for the secondary phase, its concentration, volume, and time of addition. Factors such as cell elicitation, immobilization, and permeabilization, have been suggested as important strategies to make the two-phase culture system practically reliable on a commercial scale. Since there are many possibilities for designing a two-phase system, more detailed studies are needed to broaden the range of secondary phases compatible with the various plant species producing SMs with potential applications, mainly in the food and pharmacology industries.
Broad host range vectors for stable genomic library construction

We describe the construction of 36 stable vectors for genomic library construction in gram‐negative species. These vectors contain the pBBR1 replicon that has been shown to stably replicate in every gram‐negative species tested. The plasmids also contain bidirectional, rho‐independent transcriptional terminators flanking the multiple cloning site, which allows for greater insert stability, and thus, greater genomic representation. Each vector varies in its antibiotic resistance cassette, mobilization function, and promoter used to express insert sequences. These vectors should prove useful in the screening of highly representational genomic libraries in a broad variety of gram‐negative species. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SERS and DFT study of p-hydroxybenzoic acid adsorbed on colloidal silver particles.

In this study, normal Raman spectra of p—hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) powder and its surface—enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra in silver colloidal solutions were measured under near infrared excitation conditions. In theoretical calculation, two models of PHBA adsorbed on the surfaces of silver nanoparticles were established. The Raman frequencies of these two models using density functional theory (DFT) method were calculated, and compared with the experimental results. It was found that the calculated Raman frequencies were in good agreement with experimental values, which indicates that there are two enhanced mechanism physical (electromagnetic, EM) enhancement and chemical (charge—transfer, CT) enhancement, in silver colloidal solutions regarding SERS effect. Furthermore, from high—quality SERS spectrum of PHBA obtained in silver colloids, we inferred that PHBA molecules in silver colloids adsorb onto the metal surfaces through carboxyl at a perpendicular orientation. The combination of SERS spectra and DFT calculation is thus useful for studies of the adsorption—orientation of a molecule on a metal colloid.
Norm and lower bounds of operators on weighted sequence spaces

This paper is concerned with the problem of finding the upper and lower bounds of matrix operators from weighted sequence spaces lp(ν,I) into lp(ν F). We consider certain matrix operators such as Cesaro, Copson and Hilbert which were recently considered in [7, 8, 11, 13] on the usual weighted sequence spaces lp(ν).
DNA Barcoding of Coastal Larval Fish Communities of Dongsha Island, South China Sea Revealed by Mitochondrial CO I Sequences

The 70 different samples of larval fish morphotypes have been successfully amplified and sequenced in detail via PCR amplification for the partial sequences of mtDNA CO I gene. The overall genetic similarities ranged from 83% to 100%. Totally 26 different fish species can be detected and analyzed. There are 16 fish species can be identified into specific level. However, there are remaining 12 species can be expected just into suggested fish generic level. Apparently, two major groups of taxa would be the members of Gobiidae and Apogonidae which comprised 50% of total species diversity, and also comprised 67% of total fish samples. The promising method seems to gather reliable information for further development of larval fish identification in further fish resources study.
Kinetic neutron diffraction and SANS studies of phase formation in bioactive machinable glass ceramics

Bioactive fluormica–fluorapatite glass-ceramic materials offer a very encouraging solution to the problem of efficient restoration and reconstruction of hard tissues. To produce material with the desired crystalline phases, a five-stage heat treatment must be performed. This thermal processing has a large impact on the microstructure and ultimately the final mechanical properties of the materials. We have examined the thermal processing of one of our most promising machinable biomaterials, using time-resolved small angle neutron scattering and neutron diffraction to study the nucleation and growth of crystallites. The processing route had already been optimized by studying the properties of quenched samples using x-ray diffraction, mechanical measurements and differential thermal analysis. However these results show that the heat treatment can be further optimized in terms of crystal nucleation, and we show that these techniques are the only methods by which a truly optimized thermal processing route may be obtained.
Determination of ABCB1 polymorphisms and haplotypes frequencies in a French population

The ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1, or P‐glycoprotein, is a transmembrane efflux pump well known for its implication in drug transport and chemoresistance. ABCB1 substrates include either drugs, such as antiretrovirals and immunomodulators, or physiological molecules like phospholipids. Pharmacogenetic analysis of ABCB1 polymorphisms, in addition to other xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, might help to personalize and optimize drug therapy. Indeed, some polymorphisms of ABCB1 have been implicated in susceptibility to diseases, changes in drug pharmacokinetics, and in variation of the biological response to drug treatment. In addition, variant and haplotype distributions differ depending on ethnicity. Thus, some ethnies may be at higher risk for adverse events, inefficacy of treatment or prevalence of pathologies. This study aimed to determine frequencies of ABCB1 polymorphisms and haplotypes in a sample of French healthy individuals. DNA was isolated from blood‐EDTA. Polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism and TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assays were used to genotype 227 individuals for T‐129C, G‐1A, A61G, G1199A, C1236T, T‐76A, G2677T/A and C3435T polymorphisms. The observed frequencies of the variant allele for these eight polymorphisms are 0.04, 0.08, 0.09, 0.06, 0.42, 0.46, 0.45 and 0.46 respectively. These polymorphisms are in linkage disequilibrium and haplotype frequencies were determined, the most frequent haplotype being the one with variants at position 1236, 2677 and 3435 and wild‐type alleles at the other positions. Finally, the frequencies of these eight ABCB1 polymorphisms in our French individuals supposed to be healthy population are quite similar to those described in other Caucasian populations except for the C3435T polymorphism.
Precision-Enhanced and Encryption-Mixed Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks

Security is always a hot topic in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Privacy-preserving data aggregation has emerged as an important concern in designing data aggregation algorithm. This paper proposes a precision-enhanced and encryption-mixed privacy-preserving data aggregation (PEPDA). The objective is to reduce collision during data transmission and energy consumption and to compensate loss caused by the collision. Based on the Slice-Mix-AggRegaTe (SMART) scheme, it optimizes data slicing by using small data packet, node classifying, and positive and negative data slicing techniques. It also describes a randomized time slot and a data compensation algorithm. Theoretical analysis and simulation show that PEPDA demonstrates a good performance in terms of accuracy, complexity, and security.
On cauchy matrices for remainder decoding of reed-solomon codes

It is shown that generalized Cauchy matrices in generator matrices of Reed-Solomon codes can be interpreted by a Lagrange interpolation. The algebraic property of such Cauchy generators is presented. As a main result, a new key equation for the remainder decoding of Reed-Solomon codes is derived. This extends a previous work in Welch's note.
The antifertility effect of ocimum sanctum and hibiscus rosa sinensis.

Ocimim sanctum and Hibiscus rosa sinensis leaves have alleged antifertility effects; these effects were tested by feeding adult fertile female rats with extracts of the leaves. O. sanctum showed the greatest antifertility effect when given in 200 mg/kg body weight in benzene as a vehicle (1 implantation site on the tenth day of pregnancy in 5 rats). H. rosa sinensis showed the same degree of antifertility effect in 100 mg/kg body weight in benzene. No macroscopic terategenic effect was observed on the pups born to mothers given the experimental drugs. Fetal loss was 20%. The ethanol extract of H. rosa sinesis caused a shift in sex ratio from increased incidence of female rats to increased male rats at birth.
Analyse de sensibilité globale et polynômes de chaos pour l'estimation des paramètres : application aux transferts en milieu poreux

La gestion des transferts des contaminants en milieu poreux representent une preoccupation croissante et revetent un interet particulier pour le controle de la pollution dans les milieux souterrains et la gestion de la ressource en eau souterraine, ou plus generalement la protection de l’environnement. Les phenomenes d’ecoulement et de transport de polluants sont decrits par des lois physiques traduites sous forme d'equations algebro-differentielles qui dependent d'un grand nombre de parametres d'entree. Pour la plupart, ces parametres sont mal connus et souvent ne sont pas directement mesurables et/ou leur mesure peut etre entachee d’incertitude. Ces travaux de these concernent l’etude de l’analyse de sensibilite globale et l’estimation des parametres pour des problemes d’ecoulement et de transport en milieux poreux. Pour mener a bien ces travaux, la decomposition en polynomes de chaos est utilisee pour quantifier l'influence des parametres sur la sortie des modeles numeriques utilises. Cet outil permet non seulement de calculer les indices de sensibilite de Sobol mais represente egalement un modele de substitution (ou metamodele) beaucoup plus rapide a executer. Cette derniere caracteristique est alors exploitee pour l'inversion des modeles a partir des donnees observees. Pour le probleme inverse, nous privilegions l'approche Bayesienne qui offre un cadre rigoureux pour l'estimation des parametres. Dans un second temps, nous avons developpe une strategie efficace permettant de construire des polynomes de chaos creux, ou seuls les coefficients dont la contribution sur la variance du modele est significative, sont retenus. Cette strategie a donne des resultats tres encourageants pour deux problemes de transport reactif. La derniere partie de ce travail est consacree au probleme inverse lorsque les entrees du modele sont des champs stochastiques gaussiens spatialement distribues. La particularite d'un tel probleme est qu'il est mal pose car un champ stochastique est defini par une infinite de coefficients. La decomposition de Karhunen-Loeve permet de reduire la dimension du probleme et egalement de le regulariser. Toutefois, les resultats de l'inversion par cette methode fournit des resultats sensibles au choix a priori de la fonction de covariance du champ. Un algorithme de reduction de la dimension base sur un critere de selection (critere de Schwartz) est propose afin de rendre le probleme moins sensible a ce choix.
Managerial Activities and Skills of Nurse Managers: An Exploratory Study

Abstract In this study, the authors used the activity competency model (Wu, Chen, and Lin 2004) to investigate the perceived importance of managerial activities and skills required of three levels of nurse managers. They identify the portfolio of the management activities and the needed skills at each management level. The results of this study provide guidelines for management development programs, training, and career planning for nurse managers, and can also serve as guidelines for recruiting and selecting effective nurse managers.
Robust adaptive beamforming method based on mainlobe shape-preserving

Because of the effect of the space local scattering, when two non-coherent desired signals are incident in the mainlobe of the beampattern at the same time, the beampattern of the conventional adaptive beamformer can form a null in one of the desired signal directions, which will further destroy the integrity of the mainlobe and lead the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) to drop significantly. In response to this, a robust adaptive beamforming method based on the mainlobe shape-preserving is proposed in this paper. The diagonal loading technique is used to process the covariance matrix of the proposed method and a simple and closed-form expression for the loading factor can be obtained by constructing the optimization model of maximizing the output SINR of the one desired signal under the condition that the output SINR of the another desired signal is not less than a certain value. Simulation results have demonstrated the validity of the proposed method.
Locomotion Control Architecture for the Pneumatic Biped Lucy consisting of a Trajectory Generator and Joint Trajectory Tracking Controller

The biped Lucy is actuated with pleated pneumatic artificial muscles because compliant actuation is important for energy-efficient legged locomotion. To control such a robot a specific control architecture is needed. In this paper we propose a trajectory generator and a joint trajectory tracking controller. The first one calculates dynamic balanced trajectories and is based on an inverted pendulum approximation, which models the robot as a single point mass. The trajectory generator allows the step-length, intermediate foot lift and velocity to be chosen for each step while keeping the zero moment point (ZMP) in the ankle point during the single support phase and it provides a smooth transition of the ZMP from the rear ankle point to the front ankle point during the double support phase. This strategy can be used for every biped. The second part is very specific for a robot powered with pneumatic artificial muscles. Out of the desired trajectories the pressures inside the muscles are calculated. The proposed combination is successfully implemented and the robot is able to walk at 0.11 m/s
Thousands of microsatellite loci from the venomous coralsnake Micrurus fulvius and variability of select loci across populations and related species

Studies of population genetics increasingly use next‐generation DNA sequencing to identify microsatellite loci in nonmodel organisms. There are, however, relatively few studies that validate the feasibility of transitioning from marker development to experimental application across populations and species. North American coralsnakes of the Micrurus fulvius species complex occur in the United States and Mexico, and little is known about their population structure and phylogenetic relationships. This absence of information and population genetics markers is particularly concerning because they are highly venomous and have important implications on human health. To alleviate this problem in coralsnakes, we investigated the feasibility of using 454 shotgun sequences for microsatellite marker development. First, a genomic shotgun library from a single individual was sequenced (approximately 7.74 megabases; 26 831 reads) to identify potentially amplifiable microsatellite loci (PALs). We then hierarchically sampled 76 individuals from throughout the geographic distribution of the species complex and examined whether PALs were amplifiable and polymorphic. Approximately half of the loci tested were readily amplifiable from all individuals, and 80% of the loci tested for variation were variable and thus informative as population genetic markers. To evaluate the repetitive landscape characteristics across multiple snakes, we also compared microsatellite content between the coralsnake and two other previously sampled snakes, the venomous copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix) and Burmese python (Python molurus).
HTM-MAT: An online prediction software toolbox based on cortical machine learning algorithm

HTM-MAT is a MATLAB based toolbox for implementing cortical learning algorithms (CLA) including related cortical-like algorithms that possesses spatiotemporal properties. CLA is a suite of predictive machine learning algorithms developed by Numenta Inc. and is based on the hierarchical temporal memory (HTM). This paper presents an implementation of HTM-MAT with several illustrative examples including several toy datasets and compared with two sequence learning applications employing state-of-the-art algorithms - the recurrentjs based on the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm and OS-ELM which is based on an online sequential version of the Extreme Learning Machine. The performance of HTM-MAT using two historical benchmark datasets and one real world dataset is also compared with one of the existing sequence learning applications, the OS-ELM. The results indicate that HTM-MAT predictions are indeed competitive and can outperform OS-ELM in sequential prediction tasks.
ENRI: A tool for selecting structure‐based virtual screening target conformations

Finding pharmaceutically relevant target conformations from an arbitrary set of protein conformations remains a challenge in structure‐based virtual screening (SBVS). The growth in the number of available conformations, either experimentally determined or computationally derived, obscures the situation further. While the inflated conformation space potentially contains viable druggable targets, the increase of conformational complexity, as a consequence, poses a selection problem. To address this challenge, we took advantage of machine learning methods, namely an over‐sampling and a binary classification procedure, and present a novel method to select druggable receptor conformations. Specifically, we trained a binary classifier on a set of nuclear receptor conformations, wherein each conformation was labeled with an enrichment measure for a corresponding SBVS. The classifier enabled us to formulate suggestions and identify enriching SBVS targets for six of seven nuclear receptors. Further, the classifier can be extended to other proteins of interest simply by feeding new training data sets to the classifier. Our work, thus, provides a methodology to identify pharmaceutically interesting receptor conformations for nuclear receptors and other drug targets.
Crystallographic evidence of Watson–Crick connectivity in the base pair of anionic adenine with thymine

Significance All genetic information on Earth is encrypted in DNA and RNA with the nucleobases and their pairs being the main information units. There are strict established rules how nucleobases can interact between each other in the DNA. These rules can though be affected by external factors such as radiation causing formation of the deprotonated charged species. Although such species are extremely unstable and low in abundance, they may affect local connectivity and introduce wrong units in the DNA chain, so proper characterization of their interactions is of enhanced importance. Here we could obtain anionic nucleobases in stable form in the solid state, opening the possibility to study them crystallographically and develop theoretical models for real biological systems. Utilizing an ionic liquid strategy, we report crystal structures of salts of free anionic nucleobases and base pairs previously studied only computationally and in the gas phase. Reaction of tetrabutylammonium ([N4444]+) or tetrabutylphosphonium ([P4444]+) hydroxide with adenine (HAd) and thymine (HThy) led to hydrated salts of deprotonated adenine, [N4444][Ad]·2H2O, and thymine, [P4444][Thy]·2H2O, as well as the double salt cocrystal, [P4444]2[Ad][Thy]·3H2O·2HThy. The cocrystal includes the anionic [Ad−(HThy)] base pair which is a stable formation in the solid state that has previously not even been suggested. It exhibits Watson–Crick connectivity as found in DNA but which is unusual for the free neutral base pairs. The stability of the observed anionic bases and their supramolecular formations and hydrates has also been examined by electronic structure calculations, contributing to more insight into how base pairs can bind when a proton is removed and highlighting mechanisms of stabilization or chemical transformation in the DNA chains.