Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proteomics Research on the Protective Effect of Mangiferin on H9C2 Cell Injury Induced by H2O2

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mangiferin is a natural glucosylxanthone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which has been confirmed to protect cardiac cells from myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI); however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. As oxidative stress is a major pathogenesis of MIRI, an H9C2 cell injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was established to simulate MIRI in vitro. Herein, the protective effect of mangiferin against MIRI was evaluated and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based proteomics was applied to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. In this research, mangiferin markedly ameliorated the oxidative imbalance by increasing the antioxidative capacity of the H9C2 cell. Moreover, proteomics analysis revealed that mangiferin pretreatment brought twenty differently-expressed proteins back to normal, most of which were related to glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Glycolysis, citrate cycle, and fatty acid degradation pathways were highlighted by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Western blot validation of six cardiac metabolism-related proteins were consistent with the proteomics analysis. Taken together, mangiferin protected the cardiomyocytes from MIRI by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and increasing the activities of glycolysis, citrate cycle, and fatty acid degradation pathways.
ASPS-1, A Novel Cell Line Manifesting Key Features of Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma

In vitro growth of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and establishment of an ASPS cell line, ASPS-1, are described in this study. Using a recently developed xenograft model of ASPS derived from a lymph node metastasis, organoid nests consisting of 15 to 25 ASPS cells were isolated from ASPS xenograft tumors by capture on 70 &mgr;m filters and plated in vitro. After attachment to the substratum, these nests deposited small aggregates of ASPS cells. These cells grew slowly and were expanded over a period of 3 years and have maintained characteristics consistent with those of both the original ASPS tumor from the patient and the xenograft tumor including (1) presence of the alveolar soft part locus-transcription factor E3 type 1 fusion transcript and nuclear expression of the alveolar soft part locus-transcription factor E3 type 1 fusion protein; (2) maintenance of the t(X;17)(p11;q25) translocation characteristic of ASPS; and (3) expression of upregulated ASPS transcripts involved in angiogenesis (ANGPTL2, HIF-1-&agr;, MDK, c-MET, VEGF, and TIMP-2), cell proliferation (PRL, PCSK1), metastasis (ADAM9), as well as the transcription factor BHLHB3 and the muscle-specific transcripts TRIM63 and ITG&bgr;1BP3. This ASPS cell line forms colonies in soft agar and retains the ability to produce highly vascularized ASPS tumors in NOD.SCID/NCr mice. Immunohistochemistry of selected ASPS markers on these tumors indicated similarity to those of the original patient tumor as well as to the xenografted ASPS tumor. We anticipate that this ASPS cell line will accelerate investigations into the biology of ASPS including identification of new therapeutic approaches for treatment of this slow growing soft tissue sarcoma.
Genetic Variability and Evolution of Hepatitis E Virus

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. HEV can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis, with the latter usually occurring in immunocompromised patients. Modes of transmission range from the classic fecal–oral route or zoonotic route, to relatively recently recognized but increasingly common routes, such as via the transfusion of blood products or organ transplantation. Extrahepatic manifestations, such as neurological, kidney and hematological abnormalities, have been documented in some limited cases, typically in patients with immune suppression. HEV has demonstrated extensive genomic diversity and a variety of HEV strains have been identified worldwide from human populations as well as growing numbers of animal species. The genetic variability and constant evolution of HEV contribute to its physiopathogenesis and adaptation to new hosts. This review describes the recent classification of the Hepeviridae family, global genotype distribution, clinical significance of HEV genotype and genomic variability and evolution of HEV.
Effectiveness of home fire safety interventions. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose To assess the effectiveness of Home Fire Safety (HFS) interventions versus other interventions/no interventions/controls on HFS knowledge and behaviour at short-, intermediate- and long-term follow ups. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Data sources MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched from January 1998 to July 2018, and studies retrieved. Participants Toddlers, children (primary or secondary school), teenagers or adults. Interventions/Comparison HFS interventions compared to other interventions / no interventions / controls. Outcomes HFS knowledge and behaviour. Results 10 studies were identified (8 RCTs and 2 prospective cohort). Two studies assessed the effects of HFS interventions vs no interventions on HFS knowledge at up to 4 months follow up in school children and demonstrated significant difference between groups (very low quality, 2 RCTs, 535 participants, SMD 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.55, p < 0.001). One study examined the effects of different modes of HFS interventions (computer-based vs instructor-led) on HFS knowledge and behaviour immediately post-intervention in adults and displayed no significant difference between groups (HFS knowledge; very low quality, 1 RCT, 68 participants, SMD -0.02, 95% CI: -0.50 to 0.45, p = 0.92) and (HFS behaviour; very low quality, 1 RCT, 68 participants, SMD 0.06, 95% CI: -0.41 to 0.54, p = 0.79) respectively. Conclusion The limited evidence supports the use of HFS interventions to improve HFS knowledge and behaviour in children, families with children and adults.
Regional and local brain oxygenation during hemorrhagic shock: a prospective experimental study on the effects of small-volume resuscitation with norepinephrine.

BACKGROUND Patients with uncontrolled hemorrhage may benefit if resuscitation with large amounts of fluids is replaced by a small volume or vasopressor until surgery. Norepinephrine (NE) is commonly used as a vasopressor to control hypotension. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of hypertonic-hyperoncotic saline starch solution (HHS) either alone or combined with NE on brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2) and brain oxygen saturation (rSO2) in a model of uncontrolled hemorrhage. METHODS After approval of the animal investigation committee, 22 anesthetized pigs underwent simulated penetrating liver trauma. At hemodynamic decompensation, animals were randomly assigned to receive HHS (Hyperhaes; 4 mL/kg; n = 8) with normal saline placebo, low-dose NE (low NE; 500 microg, and 1 microg/kg/min; n = 7), or high-dose NE (high NE; 1,000 microg, and 1 microg/kg/min; n = 7). Bleeding was controlled manually 30 minutes after drug administration. RESULTS Cerebral perfusion pressure (CePP), PbtO2, and rSO2 decreased with hemorrhage in all groups (baseline vs. decompensation, CePP-HHS, 83 +/- 5 mm Hg vs. 9 +/- 1 mm Hg; low NE, 67 +/- 6 mm Hg vs. 16 +/- 2 mm Hg; high NE, 77 +/- 7 mm Hg vs. 15 +/- 1 mm Hg. PbtO2-HHS, 100% vs. 29%; low NE, 100% vs. 33%; high NE, 100% vs. 27%. rSO2-HHS, 100% vs. 70%; low NE, 100% vs. 76%; high NE, 100% vs. 63%). Therapy with HHS, low NE, and high NE resulted in a comparable increase of CePP, PbtO2, and rSO2, respectively (5 minutes after therapy, CePP-HHS, 29 +/- 3 mm Hg; low NE, 27 +/- 3 mm Hg; high NE, 28 +/- 3 mm Hg. PbtO2-HHS, 207%; low NE, 129%; high NE, 170%. rSO2-HHS, 94%; low NE, 83%; high NE, 87%). Overall survival was six of eight, four of seven, and six of seven, respectively. CONCLUSION After uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, addition of different dosages of NE to HHS, compared with HHS alone, showed no beneficial effect on CePP, rSO2, or PbtO2.
Health Status of the Elderly and Its Influence on Their Activities of Daily Living in Shangrao, Jiangxi Province

To investigate the activities of daily living (ADL) and influencing factors, this survey study was conducted in Shangrao of Jiangxi. A total of 1087 elderly subjects in a long-term care (LTC) program participated in this study and their physical function, cognitive ability, self-rated health, and chronic disease were recorded during March 2017 and April 2018. The ADL scale was used to evaluate the health status of the elderly. F-test and multiple linear regression showed that the average ADL of the participants was 15.12 ± 17.59. The incidence of visual and verbal impairment was 68.6% and 14.1%, respectively. Over 74% of the elderly had severe cognitive impairment; and the prevalence of chronic disease was 84.5%. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, education, BMI (Body Mass Index), low income, verbal and cognitive ability, visual status, health self-evaluation, and some chronic diseases were related to self-care ability (p < 0.05). In summary, this study revealed that the ADL score is lower in this region and identified several influencing factors. These new findings will be useful for the local government to enhance the current LTC program for the elderly population.
Endocrine Abnormalities in Aging Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

PURPOSE The development of endocrinopathies in survivors of childhood cancer as they age remains understudied. We characterized endocrine outcomes in aging survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study on the basis of therapeutic exposures. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed self-reported conditions in 14,290 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, with a median age 6 years (range, < 1 to 20 years) at diagnosis and 32 years (range, 5 to 58 years) at last follow-up. Identification of high-risk therapeutic exposures was adopted from the Children's Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines. Cumulative incidence curves and prevalence estimates quantified and regression models compared risks of primary hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid neoplasms, hypopituitarism, obesity, diabetes mellitus, or gonadal dysfunction between survivors and siblings. RESULTS The cumulative incidence and prevalence of endocrine abnormalities increased across the lifespan of survivors (P < .01 for all). Risk was significantly higher in survivors exposed to high-risk therapies compared with survivors not so exposed for primary hypothyroidism (hazard ratio [HR], 6.6; 95% CI, 5.6 to 7.8), hyperthyroidism (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.8), thyroid nodules (HR, 6.3; 95% CI, 5.2 to 7.5), thyroid cancer (HR, 9.2; 95% CI, 6.2 to 13.7), growth hormone deficiency (HR, 5.3; 95% CI, 4.3 to 6.4), obesity (relative risk, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.7 to 2.0), and diabetes mellitus (relative risk, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.6 to 2.4). Women exposed to high-risk therapies had six-fold increased risk for premature ovarian insufficiency (P < .001), and men demonstrated higher prevalence of testosterone replacement (P < .001) after cyclophosphamide equivalent dose of 20 g/m(2) or greater or testicular irradiation with 20 Gy or greater. Survivors demonstrated an increased risk for all thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus regardless of treatment exposures compared with siblings (P < .001 for all). CONCLUSION Endocrinopathies in survivors increased substantially over time, underscoring the need for lifelong subspecialty follow-up of those at risk.
Ovarian Epithelial Dysplasia and Prophylactic Oophorectomy for Genetic Risk

Objective: To make an accurate histopathological description of ovarian dysplasia in a population at genetic risk of ovarian cancer and devise an ovarian dysplasia score. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 90 patients who had undergone bilateral oophorectomy or ovarian cystectomy between 1992 and 2005 and whose ovaries were reported as normal were divided into two groups: Group A comprising prophylactic oophorectomies for genetic predisposition (N = 28), and Group B or control group, fertile and non-cancerous (N = 62). Eleven epithelial cytological and architectural features were defined. Ovaries were analysed and reviewed by four pathologists blinded to clinical data. An ovarian dysplasia score was devised to quantify extent of ovarian epithelial abnormalities. The degrees of ovarian epithelial abnormalities (dysplasia scores) were compared between the two groups. Results: Mean dysplasia score was significantly higher in Group A (prophylactic oophorectomies) than in Group B (control group) (9.67 vs. 4.19, P < 0.001). In Group A, we observed a gradation in the severity of the dysplastic lesions between (i) proven BRCA mutations and prophylactic oophorectomies without mutations (11.26 vs. 8.1), and (ii) according to age (10.27 after age 50 years vs. 8.6 before age 50 years, P = 0.2962). Conclusion: These results suggest abnormalities in ovaries from high risk women. The ovarian dysplasia may be a pre-malignant, non-invasive histological lesion that could be an important step in early neoplasia.
Multiple biomarkers in molecular oncology. I. Molecular diagnostics applications in cervical cancer detection

The screening for cervical carcinoma and its malignant precursors (cervical neoplasia) currently employs morphology-based detection methods (Papanicolaou [Pap] smear) in addition to the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus. The combination of the Pap smear with human papillomavirus testing has achieved significant improvements in sensitivity for the detection of cervical disease. Diagnosis of cervical neoplasia is dependent upon histology assessment of cervical biopsy specimens. Attempts to improve the specificity of cervical disease screening have focused on the investigation of molecular biomarkers for adjunctive use in combination with the Pap smear. Active research into the genomic and proteomic alterations that occur during human papillomavirus-induced neoplastic transformation have begun to characterize some of the basic mechanisms inherent to the disease process of cervical cancer development. This research continues to demonstrate the complexity of multiple genomic and proteomic alterations that accumulate during the tumorigenesis process. Despite this diversity, basic patterns of uncontrolled signal transduction, cell cycle deregulation, activation of DNA replication and altered extracellular matrix interactions are beginning to emerge as common features inherent to cervical cancer development. Some of these gene or protein expression alterations have been investigated as potential biomarkers for screening and diagnostics applications. The contribution of multiple gene alterations in the development of cervical cancer suggests that the application of multiple biomarker panels has the potential to develop clinically useful molecular diagnostics. In this review, the application of biomarkers for the improvement of sensitivity and specificity of the detection of cervical neoplasia within cytology specimens will be discussed.
Analysis and Processing for Chirp Pulse with Matched FRFT

In this paper, we consider analysis and processing of chirp pulses using the matched fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). Using the properties of the FRFT and the ambiguity function, the resolution performances of time delay and Doppler shift for chirp pulses based on the matched FRFT are derived systematically. The method for sidelobe suppression using the matched FRFT is also proposed. Simulation results are presented for testifying the theoretical derivations.
Cost-effectiveness of Electronic- and Clinician-Delivered Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Women in Reproductive Health Centers.

AIMS To determine the cost-effectiveness of electronic- and clinician-delivered SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment) for reducing primary substance use among women treated in reproductive health centers. DESIGN Cost-effectiveness analysis based on a randomized controlled trial. SETTING New Haven, Connecticut, USA. PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample of 439 women seeking routine care in reproductive health centers who used cigarettes, risky amounts of alcohol, illicit drugs, or misused prescription medication. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to enhanced usual care (EUC, N=151), electronic-delivered SBIRT (e-SBIRT, N=143), or clinician-delivered SBIRT (SBIRT, N=145). MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was days of primary substance abstinence during the 6-month follow-up period. To account for the possibility that patients might substitute a different drug for their primary substance during the 6-month follow-up period, we also considered the number of days of abstinence from all substances. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves determined the relative cost-effectiveness of the three conditions from both the clinic and patient perspectives. FINDINGS From a healthcare provider perspective, e-SBIRT is likely (with probability greater than 0.5) to be cost-effective for any willingness-to-pay value for an additional day of primary-substance abstinence and an additional day of all-substance abstinence. From a patient perspective, EUC is most likely to be the cost-effective intervention when the willingness to pay for an additional day of abstinence (both primary-substance and all-substance) is less than $0.18, and e-SBIRT is most likely to be the cost-effective intervention when the willingness to pay for an additional day of abstinence (both primary-substance and all-substance) is greater than $0.18. CONCLUSIONS e-SBIRT could be a cost-effective approach, from both healthcare provider and patient perspectives, for use in reproductive health centers to help women reduce substance misuse.
Screen-Printed Remotely Readable Environmental Sensor Pair

In this paper, we present the fabrication methods and the characterization results of a remotely readable flexible temperature/humidity sensor pair. The sensor pair has been fabricated with a screen printing technology, and it consists of a polymer-based capacitor as a temperature and humidity sensitive component added to the antenna coil for remote reading purposes. The sensor pair relays its operation to the double sensor structure in order to produce the environmental temperature and relative humidity readings. The resonance frequency of the sensor (i.e., the formed LC network designed to 13.56 MHz) is measured as a function of temperature and relative humidity. Temperature is sensed with the reference sensor with full lamination and the relative humidity with the active sensor with a lamination opening over the polymer capacitor. The sensor has been characterized in the temperature and humidity ranges of 0 °C-70 °C and 45%RH-95%RH, respectively. The simple data-analysis algorithm developed enables the calculation of both temperature and relative humidity from the corresponding measured resonance frequencies. The relative humidity sensitivity (ΔfRES/%RH) of the sensor was between 3.6-5.3 kHz/%RH in the temperature range of 30 °C-50 °C. The temperature sensor in the sensor pair had the sensitivity of 9 kHz/°C in the applied temperature range. In addition, the temperature compensation of the polymer humidity sensor is considered, based on the data-analysis algorithm. Finally, the calibration and the effect of the installation medium of such a sensor pair are discussed.
Cholinergic signaling in the gut: a novel mechanism of barrier protection through activation of enteric glia cells.

BACKGROUND Enteric glia cells (EGCs) play an important role in maintaining proper intestinal barrier function. We have shown that vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) increases EGC activation, which is associated with better gut barrier integrity. Enteric neurons communicate with EGCs through nicotinic cholinergic signaling, which may represent a pathway by which VNS activates EGCs. This study sought to define further the mechanism by which VNS prevents intestinal barrier failure using an in vitro model. We hypothesized that a nicotinic cholinergic agonist would increase EGC activation, prevent intestinal nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation, and result in better intestinal barrier function. METHODS Cultured EGCs were exposed to the nicotinic cholinergic agonist nicotine. Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was measured by immunoblot to determine changes in EGC activation. Caco-2 cells were grown to confluence and incubated alone or in co-culture with EGCs. Cells were then stimulated with Cytomix for 24 h in the presence or absence of nicotine, and barrier integrity was assessed by permeability to 4-kDa FITC-dextran. Changes in phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κb (P-IκBα) and phosphorylated NF-κB (P-NF-κB) were assessed by immunoblot. RESULTS Stimulation with nicotine resulted in EGC activation, as demonstrated by an increase in GFAP expression. Cytomix stimulation increased permeability in Caco-2 cells cultured alone or with EGCs. Treatment of stimulated Caco-2/EGC co-cultures with nicotine reduced permeability similar to control. Nicotine failed to prevent barrier permeability in Caco-2 cells alone. Co-culture of stimulated Caco-2 cells with nicotine-activated EGCs prevented Cytomix-induced increases in P-IκBα and P-NF-κB expression. CONCLUSION A pharmacologic nicotinic cholinergic agonist increased EGC activation and improved intestinal epithelial barrier function in an in vitro model of intestinal injury. Nicotine-activated EGCs appear to modulate barrier function by preventing the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Therapies aimed at activating EGCs may have important clinical applications for improving intestinal barrier function after injury.
Short-Term Protocols to Obtain Insulin-Producing Cells from Rat Adipose Tissue: Signaling Pathways and In Vivo Effect

Studies using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as a source of insulin-secreting cells (IPCs) are a promising path in the pursuit for diabetes therapy. Here, we investigate three short-term differentiation protocols in order to generate IPCs from autologous adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) with an expressive insulin-secreting profile in vitro and in vivo, as well as the signaling pathways involved in the chosen differentiation protocols. We extracted and cultured ADSCs and differentiated them into IPCs, using three different protocols with different inductors. Afterwards, the secretory profile was analyzed and IPCs differentiated in exendin-4/activin A medium, which presented the best secretory profile, was implanted in the kidney subcapsular region of diabetic rats. All protocols induced the differentiation, but media supplemented with exendin-4/activin A or resveratrol induced the expression and secretion of insulin more efficiently, and only the exendin-4/activin-A-supplemented medium generated an insulin secretion profile more like β-cells, in response to glucose. The PI3K/Akt pathway seems to play a negative role in IPC differentiation; however, the differentiation of ADSCs with exendin-4/activin A positively modulated the p38/MAPK pathway. Resveratrol medium activated the Jak/STAT3 pathway and generated IPCs apparently less sensitive to insulin and insulin-like receptors. Finally, the implant of IPCs with the best secretory behavior caused a decrease in hyperglycemia after one-week implantation in diabetic rats. Our data provide further information regarding the generation of IPCs from ADSCs and strengthen evidence to support the use of MSCs in regenerative medicine, specially the use of exendin-4/activin A to produce rapid and effectively IPCs with significant in vivo effects.