Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In situ detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in liver tissue using a digoxigenin‐labeled probe created during a polymerase chain reaction

The cellular localization of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in liver tissue was studied by nonisotopic in situ hybridization using a digoxigenin‐labeled cDNA probe created during a polymerase chain reaction on samples from 16 patients with chronic HCV infection. Hybridization signals were recognized in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes, and a few hepatocytes had hybridization signals in the nucleus as well. HCV RNA positive hepatocytes were found in 1 of 9 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 2 of 5 patients with chronic active hepatitis, and in each of 2 patients with chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. Positive signals were found in many hepatocytes within the lobule in liver sections of patients with advanced chronic active hepatitis. A number of HCV RNA positive hepatocytes were found in nodules, but not in the area of fibrosis. On the other hand, positive signals were found in a few hepatocytes scattered in the lobule in a patient with chronic persistent hepatitis. The mean ALT levels in the patients with positive signal (175.6 ± 44.2 U/L) were significantly higher than in those without a signal (70.27 ± 16.1 U/L) (P < 0.05). The findings suggest that a larger amount of HCV may be present during the advanced than during the early stages of type C hepatitis and nonisotopic in situ hybridization using a digoxigenin‐labeled HCV cDNA probe created during a polymerase chain reaction deserves wider application for the detection of HCV replication in specimens. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metal Artifact Reduction from Computed Tomography (CT) Images using Directional Restoration Filter

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a stabilized tool for vessel imaging in the medical image processing field. High-intense structures in the contrast image can seriously hamper luminal visualization. Metal artifacts are an extensive problem in computed tomography (CT) images. We proposed directional restoration filtering process with Fuzzy logic in order to reduce metal artifact from CT images. We create two sets by iteration process and these sets will be sorted in ascending order. After sorting we take two elements from two data sets and the tracking both elements will be selected from the second position of those sorting arrays. Intersection Fuzzy logic will be executed between two selected elements and Gaussian convolution operation will be performed in the entire images because of enhancement the artifact affected CT images. In this paper, we investigated a fully automated intensity-based filter and it depends on the gray level variation rating. This results in a better visualization of the vessel lumen, also of the smaller vessels, allowing a faster and more accurate inspection of the whole vascular structures. Index Terms—Artifact reduction, Filter, Stent wire, Computed Tomography, Restoration, Gaussian convolution
Label correlation mixture model for multi-label text categorization

Multi-label text categorization is more difficult but practical than the conventional binary or multi-class text categorization. This paper propose a novel probabilistic generative model, label correlation mixture model (LCMM), to depict the multiple labeled documents, which can be used for multi-label text categorization. In LCMM, labels and topics have the one-to-one correspondences. LCMM consists of two parts: label correlation model and multi-label conditioned document model. The former one formulates the generating process of labels and the dependencies between the labels are taken into account. We also propose an efficient algorithm for calculating the probability of generating an arbitrary subset of labels. Multi-label conditioned document model can be regarded as a supervised label mixture model, in which the labels for a document are known. To evaluate LCMM, multi-label text categorization experiments on three standard text data sets are performed. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of LCMM, comparing to other reported methods.
Efficacy of Cabazitaxel Treatment in Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer in Second and Later Lines. An Experience from Two German Centers

Purpose: Several new treatment options for patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have been approved within the last years - among them cabazitaxel (CAB), abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, and radium-223. The aim of this study was to assess factors predictive for efficacy of CAB. Methods: We analyzed all patients with mCRPC treated with CAB at our institutions between 2011 and 2016. Data were retrieved retrospectively from the electronical patient chart. Results: 69 patients received CAB (26.1% 2nd line, 36.2% 3rd line, 37.3% >3rd line). Median overall survival (OS) on CAB was 10.0 months (95%CI 7.1-12.9). Median progression free survival (PFS) on CAB was 3.9 months (95%CI 3.0-4.8). There were no differences in OS and PFS regarding treatment line of CAB (2nd vs. higher; 2nd/3rd vs. higher). Duration of remission on 1st line treatment (> 6 months vs. </= 6 months) was associated with a longer PFS with subsequent CAB treatment (4.1 months vs. 3.0 months (95%CI 3.0-5.2; 2.2-3.8); p=0.021). Patients with visceral metastases had a shorter PFS (3.0 months; 95%CI 2.6-3.3) and OS (8.7 months; 95%CI 5.9-11.5) on CAB compared to patients who had bone and/or lymph node lesions only (PFS: 5.8 months; 95%CI 3.2-8.4; p=0.014; OS: 11.7 months; 95%CI 7.5-15.9; p=0.042). Conclusions: Results from our patient cohort suggest that a longer PFS to any 1st line treatment for mCRPC is correlated with a longer PFS to CAB for any later line treatment. Patients with nodal and bone metastases only had a significantly superior PFS and OS with CAB treatment than patients with visceral metastases.
Experimental observation of scaling laws for alternating current and direct current conductivity in polymer-carbon nanotube composite thin films

Alternating current (ac) and direct current (dc) conductivities have been measured in polymer-nanotube composite thin films. This was carried out for a range of concentrations of multiwall nanotubes in two polymer hosts, poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxyp-phenylenevinylene) (PmPV) and polyvinylalcohol (PVA). In all cases the dc conductivity σDC was ohmic in the voltage range studied. In general the ac conductivity displayed two distinct regions, a frequency independent region of magnitude σ0 at low frequency and a frequency dependent region at higher frequency. Both σDC and σ0 followed a percolation scaling law of the form σ∝(p−pc)t with pc=0.055% by mass and t=1.36. This extrapolates to a conductivity of 1×10−3 S/m for 100% nanotube content. Such a low value reflects the presence of a thick polymer coating, resulting in poor electrical connection between tubes. This leads to the suggestion that charge transport is controlled by fluctuation induced tunneling. In the high frequency regime the cond.
La ressource ANNODIS multi-échelle : guide d'annotation et bonus

Cet article raconte l'histoire de la campagne d'annotation ANNODIS en structures multi-echelles. Il fournit : - un historique des differentes etapes de construction du guide d'annotation, - le guide d'annotation donne aux annotateurs, - les mesures d'accord inter-annotateurs, - la liste des post-traitements realises avant diffusion de la ressource, - la liste des decisions prises pour l'arbitrage des textes multi-annotes et - ce que l'on a appele un "guide si" qui correspond au guide que l'on proposerait une fois l'experience ANNODIS derriere nous.
MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1, Which Encodes an AP2/ERF Protein, Determines Spikelet Meristem Fate and Sterile Lemma Identity in Rice1[C][W]

MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 determines spikelet meristem fate and sterile lemma identity in rice. The spikelet is a unique inflorescence structure of grass. The molecular mechanism that controls the development of the spikelet remains unclear. In this study, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet mutant, multi-floret spikelet1 (mfs1), that showed delayed transformation of spikelet meristems to floral meristems, which resulted in an extra hull-like organ and an elongated rachilla. In addition, the sterile lemma was homeotically converted to the rudimentary glume and the body of the palea was degenerated in mfs1. These results suggest that the MULTI-FLORET SPIKELET1 (MFS1) gene plays an important role in the regulation of spikelet meristem determinacy and floral organ identity. MFS1 belongs to an unknown function clade in the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) family. The MFS1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein is localized in the nucleus. MFS1 messenger RNA is expressed in various tissues, especially in the spikelet and floral meristems. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MFS1 positively regulates the expression of LONG STERILE LEMMA and the INDETERMINATE SPIKELET1 (IDS1)-like genes SUPERNUMERARY BRACT and OsIDS1.
Biological, molecular, and structural analysis of a cytopathic variant from a molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus

Abstract Some isolates of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have been shown to infect Sup-T1 cells with slow kinetics and in the absence of cytopathic effects, including cell fusion or CD4 down-modulation (J. A. Hoxie, B. S. Haggarty, S. Bonser, J. Rackowski, H. Shan, and P. Kanki, J. Virol. 62:2557-2568, 1988). In the present study, we describe the isolation and characterization of a SIVmac variant, derived from the BK28 infectious molecular clone, that became highly cytopathic for Sup-T1 cells. This variant, termed CP-MAC, exhibited a number of differences from BK28, including (i) an altered tropism which largely restricted its host range to Sup-T1 cells, (ii) the ability to induce cell fusion and CD4 down-modulation, and (iii) a highly stable interaction of its external (SU) and transmembrane (TM) envelope glycoproteins. In addition, a marked increase in the level of surface envelope glycoproteins was observed both on CP-MAC-infected cells and on virions. The CP-MAC env gene was PCR amplified from infected cells, and sequence analysis identified five amino acid changes in SU and six in TM compared with BK28. The introduction of these changes into BK28 was shown to fully reconstitute the biological and morphological properties of CP-MAC. The limited number of mutations in CP-MAC should enable the molecular determinants to be more precisely defined and help to identify the underlying mechanisms responsible for the striking biological and structural alterations exhibited by this virus.
Mild cognitive impairment: A comprehensive review

Abstract Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an intermediate stage between normal cognitive changes associated with aging and dementia. Individuals with MCI have been identified as having a faster rate of progression to dementias. Risk factors for progression include greater cognitive deficits at baseline, ApoE4 carrier status, brain volume changes, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes, and the presence of behavioral and psychological symptoms. Refinements in the diagnostic criteria for MCI and the identification of biomarkers to predict the progression to dementias have resulted in the appropriate diagnosis of this condition being made and the development of possible prevention and treatment strategies. Available data indicate that cognitive and physical training appears to slow the progression of the disease process. Studies of pharmacotherapeutic agents do not indicate benefit for cholinesterase inhibitors, the anti‐inflammatory drug rofecoxib, or antioxidants in slowing the progression of MCI to dementias.
Chaotic neural nets, computability, and undecidability: Toward a computational dynamics

In this article we intend to analyze a chaotic system from the standpoint of its computation capability. to pursue this aim, we refer to a complex chaotic dynamics that we characterize via its symbolic dynamics. We show that these dynamic systems are subjected to some typical undecidable problems. Particularly, we stress the impossibility of deciding on a unique invariant measure. This depends essentially on the supposition of the existence of a fixed universal grammar. the suggestion is thus of justifying a contextual redefinition of the grammar as a function of the same evolution of the system. We propose on this basis a general theorem for avoiding undecidable problems in computability theory by introducing a new class of recursive functions on different axiomatizations of numbers. From it a series expansion on n algebraic fields can be defined. In such a way, we are able to obtain a very fast extraction procedure of unstable periodic orbits from a generic chaotic dynamics. the computational efficiency of this algorithm allows us to characterize a chaotic system by the complete statistics of its unstable cycles. Some examples of these two techniques are discussed. Finally, we introduce the possibility of an application of this same class of recursive functions to the calculus of the absolute minimum of energy in neural nets, as far as it is equivalent to a well‐formed formula of a first‐order predicate calculus. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Implementation aspects of the bridging scale method and application to intersonic crack propagation

The major purpose of this work is to investigate the performance of the bridging scale method (BSM), a multiscale simulation framework for the dynamic, concurrent coupling of atomistics to continua, in capturing shear‐dominant failure. The shear‐dominant failure process considered in this work is intersonic crack propagation along a weak plane in an elastic material, similar to the seminal molecular dynamics (MD) simulations by Abraham and Gao (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2000; 84(14):3113–3116). We show that the BSM simulations accurately capture the essential physics of the intersonic crack propagation, including the formation of a daughter crack and the sudden acceleration of the crack to a velocity exceeding the material shear wave speed. It is also demonstrated that the non‐reflecting boundary condition can adequately dissipate the strongly localized wave formed by the Mach cone after the crack accelerates beyond the material shear wave speed. Finally, we provide the algorithm for our implementation of the BSM, as well as the code used to determine the damping kernels via a newly adopted technique which is less expensive than previous methods. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Wireless Charging for Roadway-Powered Electric Vehicles: A Comprehensive Analysis and Design

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the roadway powering system for electric vehicles (EVs) and proposes a design from the perspective of power track design, integration, and powering control strategy, aiming to ensure the charging power and persistence, enhance the control flexibility, and reduce the construction cost. 1) A novel design scheme is first proposed to determine the length and number of turns for power tracks by investigating the power supply-and-demand and the loss. 2) A novel evaluation index, namely the magnetic distribution variance, is proposed to determine the gap between adjacent tracks, which can effectively produce evenly-distributed energy field, thus improving the dynamic charging performance for EVs. 3) A sectional powering control strategy is proposed to implement a cost-saving and flexible roadway powering system. Lastly, the simulated and experimental results show that the exemplified prototype can achieve the transmission power 50 W over the distance of 200 mm, which verifies the proposed EV dynamic charging system with the salient advantages of the constant energization, flexible power control, and cost saving.
Time domain dictionary of attribute scattering center model for parameter estimation

Parameter estimation of attributed scattering center (ASC) model is significant for automatic target recognition (ATR). Dictionary-based parameter estimation methods have developed rapidly. The dictionary construction is the key issue for the dictionary based method. A Time-domain dictionary (TD) for the ASC model parameter estimation is presented in this paper. Two-dimensional frequency domain responses of the ASC are produced and transformed into the time domain. Then the time domain responses are cut off and vectored. These vectored time-domain responses are amalgamated to form the TD. Compared with the traditional frequency-domain dictionary (FD), the TD is a matrix that is quite spare and can markedly reduce the data size of the dictionary. Finally, the performance of the TD has been analyzed in comparison with the FD. In addition, a parameter estimation example from a target's SAR data collected in an anechoic room is exhibited.
Implementation of the Tangent Sphere and Cutting Plane Methods in the Quantitative Determination of Ligand Binding Site Burial Depths in Proteins Using FORTRAN 77/90 Language

Ligand burial depth is an indicator of protein flexibility, as the extent of receptor conformational change required to bind a ligand in general varies directly with its depth of burial. In a companion paper (Reyes, V.M. 2015a), we report on the Tangent Sphere (TS) and Cutting Plane (CP) methods -- complementary methods to quantify, independent of protein size, the degree of ligand burial in a protein receptor. In this report, we present results that demonstrate the effectiveness of a set of FORTRAN 77 and 90 source codes used in the implementation of the two related procedures, as well as the precise implementation of the procedures. Particularly, we show here that application of the TS and CP methods on a theoretical model protein in the form of a spherical grid of points accurately portrays the behavior of the TS and CP indices, the predictive parameters obtained from the two methods. We also show that results of the implementation of the TS and CP methods on six protein receptors (Laskowski et al. 1996) are inagreement with their findings regarding cavity sizes in these proteins. The six FORTRAN programs we present here are: find_molec_centr. f, tangent_sphere. f, find_CP_coeffs. f, CPM_Neg_Side. f, CPM_Pos_Side. f and CPM_Zero_Side. f. The first program calculates the x-, y- and z-coordinates of the molecular geometric centroid of the protein (global centroid, GC), the center of the TS. Its radius is the distance between the GC and the local centroid (LC), the centroid of the bound ligand or a portion of its binding site. The second program finds the number of protein atoms inside, outside and on the TS. The third determines the four coefficients A, B, C and D of the equation of the CP, Ax + By + Cz + D = 0. The CP is tangent to the TS at GC. The fourth, fifth and sixth programs determine the number of protein atoms lying on the negative side, positive side, and on the CP.
A Framework for User-Friendly Verification-Oriented VNF Modeling

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architectures are emerging to increase networks flexibility. However, this renewed scenario poses new challenges, because virtualized networks, need to be carefully verified before being actually deployed in production environments in order to preserve network coherency (e.g., absence of forwarding loops, preservation of security on network traffic, etc.). Nowadays, model checking tools, SAT solvers, and Theorem Provers are available for formal verification of such properties in virtualized networks. Unfortunately, most of those verification tools accept input descriptions written in specification languages that are difficult to use for people not experienced in formal methods. Also, in order to enable the use of formal verification tools in real scenarios, vendors of Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) should provide abstract mathematical models of their functions, coded in the specific input languages of the verification tools. This process is error-prone, time-consuming, and often outside the VNF developers' expertise. This paper presents a framework that we designed for automatically extracting verification models starting from a Java based representation of a given VNF. It comprises a Java library of classes to define VNFs in a more developer-friendly way, and a tool to translate VNF definitions into formal verification models of different verification tools.
Energy storage capacity configuration for large-scale wind power accessed to saturated system

The wind power may cause ever-growing and serious stability hazard for power system, and energy storage plays a very important role in improving the static and dynamic stability of power system. The role of energy storage is introduced in solving wind power integration problem and an electromechanical static model of flow-based energy storage is set up. The capacity requirement of energy storage for system stability with wind integration is calculated by simulation, and relevant configuration method is proposed. In view of a typical power system with wind power integration, the required energy storage capacity is calculated with the proposed method for achieving the static and dynamic stability. Finally, simulation has proved the effectiveness of the proposed configuration strategy.
Impulsivity, Expectancies, and Evaluations of Expected Outcomes as Predictors of Alcohol Use and Related Problems

Background: While the association between outcome expectancies and drinking is well documented, few studies have examined whether evaluations of expected outcomes (outcome evaluations) moderate that association. Objectives: The present study tested the hypotheses that outcome evaluations moderate the outcome expectancy-drinking association and that outcome expectancies mediate the association between impulsive personality and drinking. Methods: College students (N = 201; 55.5% female) enrolled in a mid-sized metropolitan university completed measures assessing outcome expectancies and evaluations, alcohol consumption, and drinking-related problems. Results: Consistent with study hypotheses, expectation of negative outcomes predicted lower levels of drinking, but only when these outcomes were evaluated as highly aversive. However, impulsivity was found to be a far stronger predictor of both drinking and related problems than were outcome expectancies or evaluations. Conclusion: The association between negative expectancy and drinking was moderated by negative evaluation, such that individuals who both expected that negative outcomes were likely to occur and who judged such outcomes as highly undesirable consumed significantly fewer drinks per week. Impulsivity was found to be a strong predictor of both alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems.
Patterns of Semantic Memory Impairment in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Although the semantic memory impairment has been largely documented in Alzheimer's disease, little is known about semantic memory in the preclinical phase of the disease (Mild Cognitive Impairment). The purpose of this study was to document the nature of semantic breakdown using a battery of tests assessing different aspects of conceptual knowledge: knowledge about common objects, famous people and famous public events. Results indicate that all domains of semantic memory were impaired in MCI individuals but knowledge about famous people and famous events was affected to a greater extent than knowledge about objects. This pattern of results suggests that conceptual entities with distinctive and unique properties may be more prone to semantic breakdown in MCI. In summary, results of this study support the view that genuine semantic deficits are present in MCI. It could be useful to investigate the etiological outcome of patients failing or succeeding at such tests.