Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal precoding for a novel RF-MIMO scheme in transmit correlated Rayleigh channels

Recently, a novel MIMO transceiver architecture, which avoids the costly conversion to/from baseband through parallel RF chains, has been proposed. Despite its obvious advantages, the limitations of the analog combining architecture makes necessary to develop specific transmission schemes. For instance, in the case of perfect channel state information (CSI) at the receiver, and correlation CSI at the transmitter, the space and time encoders must operate separately (the former works in the RF domain and the latter works in baseband), and at different time scales: the spatial encoder or RF beamformer must remain fixed during the transmission of a probably large number of symbols, whereas the time encoder can work at the symbol rate. In this paper we propose a transmission scheme for this scenario with the goal of minimizing the pairwise error probability (PEP). In particular, with the proposed scheme the symbols are time-precoded with a unitary discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix, and then are successively transmitted using a set of RF weights (beamformers). The optimal spatial precoding matrix containing the RF beamformers is obtained by matching its left eigenspace with the eigenspace of the channel correlation matrix, applying standard power water-filling along these directions, and choosing its right eigenspace as any unitary matrix with unit-norm elements such as the DFT matrix. Numerical examples illustrate the good performance of the proposed scheme.
EFFECTIVE BANDWIDTH OF SELF-SIMILAR TRAFFICSOURCES : THEORETICAL AND SIMULATION

This paper studies the eeective bandwidth required when multiple self-similar (i.e., long range dependent) traac sources are multiplexed together in a network. In particular, an ATM network simulation tool is used to assess the accuracy of a theoretical effective bandwidth formula developed by Ilkka Norros for self-similar traac. Synthetic traac models with con-trollable workload parameters are used in the study, using a one-factor-at-a-time experimental design. In general, the simulation results show good qualitative and quantitative agreement between the eeective bandwidths predicted by the formula and by the ATM network simulator, provided that the number of mul-tiplexed sources and the switch buuer size are not too small. Where the results are in good agreement, the formula tends to err on the \safe side", thus making the theoretical formula useful for call admission control and network dimensioning in an ATM network.
The Limits on Trypanosomatid Morphological Diversity

Cell shape is one, often overlooked, way in which protozoan parasites have adapted to a variety of host and vector environments and directional transmissions between these environments. Consequently, different parasite life cycle stages have characteristic morphologies. Trypanosomatid parasites are an excellent example of this in which large morphological variations between species and life cycle stage occur, despite sharing well-conserved cytoskeletal and membranous structures. Here, using previously published reports in the literature of the morphology of 248 isolates of trypanosomatid species from different hosts, we perform a meta-analysis of the occurrence and limits on morphological diversity of different classes of trypanosomatid morphology (trypomastigote, promastigote, etc.) in the vertebrate bloodstream and invertebrate gut environments. We identified several limits on cell body length, cell body width and flagellum length diversity which can be interpreted as biomechanical limits on the capacity of the cell to attain particular dimensions. These limits differed for morphologies with and without a laterally attached flagellum which we suggest represent two morphological superclasses, the ‘juxtaform’ and ‘liberform’ superclasses. Further limits were identified consistent with a selective pressure from the mechanical properties of the vertebrate bloodstream environment; trypanosomatid size showed limits relative to host erythrocyte dimensions. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the limits of morphological diversity in any protozoan parasite, revealing the morphogenetic constraints and extrinsic selection pressures associated with the full diversity of trypanosomatid morphology.
Evolving the cooperative behaviour in Unreal™ bots

This paper presents an approach to the evolution of the cooperative behaviour of some bots inside the PC game Unreal™. We intend to create bots that cooperate as a team trying to beat other teams (composed of human players or bots). So, in addition to the improvement of the default artificial intelligence (AI) of bots, we have performed an improvement of the ‘team AI’. We have applied an evolutionary algorithm which optimizes the parameters considered in the hard-coded states inside the bot AI code, mainly those related to the cooperation. Two different approaches have been tested inside some different battle arenas: one considering a different set of parameters for every bot in the team, and the other one considering the same set of parameters for all the teammates. The results show that both methods yield better teams than the standard ones. The teams which share the same behaviour parameters, get a higher score than those with bots playing with different parameters.
Revisiting the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy

Abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina is a hallmark of many retinal diseases, such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. In particular, ROP has been an important health concern for physicians since the advent of routine supplemental oxygen therapy for premature neonates more than 70 years ago. Since then, researchers have explored several animal models to better understand ROP and retinal vascular development. Of these models, the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) has become the most widely used, and has played a pivotal role in our understanding of retinal angiogenesis and ocular immunology, as well as in the development of groundbreaking therapeutics such as anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections for wet age-related macular degeneration. Numerous refinements to the model have been made since its inception in the 1950s, and technological advancements have expanded the use of the model across multiple scientific fields. In this review, we explore the historical developments that have led to the mouse OIR model utilized today, essential concepts of OIR, limitations of the model, and a representative selection of key findings from OIR, with particular emphasis on current research progress.
Analysis of Preconditioners for Saddle-Point Problems

Mixed finite element formulations give rise to large, sparse, block linear systems of equations, the solution of which is often sought via a preconditioned iterative technique. In this work we present a general analysis of block-preconditioners based on the stability conditions inherited from the formulation of the finite element method (the Babuska--Brezzi, or inf-sup, conditions). The analysis is motivated by the notions of norm-equivalence and field-of-values-equivalence of matrices. In particular, we give sufficient conditions for diagonal and triangular block-preconditioners to be norm- and field-of-values-equivalent to the system matrix.
Artificial ChemistriesA Review

This article reviews the growing body of scientific work in artificial chemistry. First, common motivations and fundamental concepts are introduced. Second, current research activities are discussed along three application dimensions: modeling, information processing, and optimization. Finally, common phenomena among the different systems are summarized. It is argued here that artificial chemistries are the right stuff for the study of prebiotic and biochemical evolution, and they provide a productive framework for questions regarding the origin and evolution of organizations in general. Furthermore, artificial chemistries have a broad application range of practical problems, as shown in this review.
A detailed survey on 2D and 3D still face and face video databases part II

This paper describes in detail about important 2D and 3D face and video face databases. The face and video face databases discussed here includes: Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT-K) database, Makeup dataset, University of North Carolina Wilmington Craniofacial Morphology (MORPH) non-commercial face database, Surveillance face (SCface) database, YouTube face database and University of Mialno Bicocca 3D face database (UMBDB). The facial image captured may be colour or gray, with or without makeup, same pose or different poses, occluded or not occluded, neutral expression or non-neutral expression (angry, sad, laughter, smile, sleepy), different illumination conditions, in the presence of visible light or Infrared captured. The subject may be Asian or African or American or European. For above said reasons, different face and video face databases developed in the past 20 years and few important databases are analyzed here.
Streaming as a hypervisor service

Interference from resource sharing can cause unpredictable performance when virtual machines are consolidated on a single machine. We demonstrate performance problems with HTTP streaming in a virtual machine environment, even when no other virtual machines compete for network bandwidth. The paper suggests and evaluates a novel in-hypervisor data streaming service as a remedy to the performance problem. By modifying a Linux guest to exploit this new hypervisor interface, significant performance gains are experienced from a hosted Apache HTTP server.
New Zealand Māori-medium teacher education: an examination of students’ academic confidence and preparedness

ABSTRACT Little research has been concerned with gauging Māori–medium teacher education students’ academic confidence in bilingual settings making the development of appropriate curricula and broad policy a difficult task. Drawing on a convenience sample of 84 primary teacher education students on a three-year B.Ed Māori-medium program, this study uses self-reported measures to assess students’ academic confidence and preparedness in English and Māori. Results suggest that the students are less academically confident in Māori than in English, and that this discrepancy is most pronounced in academic speaking and reading. Consequently, it is proposed that curriculum developers place emphasis on the development of both Māori academic speaking and reading throughout the course of Māori-medium teacher education programs. Finally, it is argued that standardised assessments that track both confidence and preparedness, and the productive and receptive abilities of Māori-medium teacher education students throughout university would bolster the regeneration of Māori-medium education in New Zealand.
Interactive environment-aware display bubbles

We present a novel display metaphor which extends traditional tabletop projections in collaborative environments by introducing freeform, environment-aware display representations and a matching set of interaction schemes. For that purpose, we map personalized widgets or ordinary computer applications that have been designed for a conventional, rectangular layout into space-efficient bubbles whose warping is performed with a potential-based physics approach. With a set of interaction operators based on laser pointer tracking, these freeform displays can be transformed and elastically deformed using focus and context visualization techniques. We also provide operations for intuitive instantiation of bubbles, cloning, cut & pasting, deletion and grouping in an interactive way, and we allow for user-drawn annotations and text entry using a projected keyboard. Additionally, an optional environment-aware adaptivity of the displays is achieved by imperceptible, realtime scanning of the projection geometry. Subsequently, collision-responses of the bubbles with non-optimal surface parts are computed in a rigid body simulation. The extraction of the projection surface properties runs concurrently with the main application of the system. Our approach is entirely based on off the-shelf, low-cost hardware including DLP-projectors and FireWire cameras.
Fundamental Design Issues for the Future Internet

Abskuct-The Internet has been a startling and dramatic success. Originally designed to link together a small group of researchers, the Internet is now used by many millions of people. However, multimedia applications, with their novel traffic characteristics and service requirements, pose an interesting challenge to the technical foundations of the Internet. In this paper we address some of the fundamental architectural design issues facing the future Internet. In particular, we discuss whether the Internet should adopt a new service model, how this service model should be invoked, and whether this service model should include admission control. These architectural issues are discussed in a nonrigorous manner, through the use of a utility function formulation and some simple models. While we do advocate some design choices over others, the main purpose here is to provide a framework for discussing the various architectural alternatives.
Delayed Stochastic Model of Transcription at the Single Nucleotide Level

We present a delayed stochastic model of transcription at the single nucleotide level. The model accounts for the promoter open complex formation and includes alternative pathways to elongation, namely pausing, arrest, misincorporation and editing, pyrophosphorolysis, and premature termination. We confront the dynamics of this detailed model with a single-step multi-delayed stochastic model and with measurements of expression of a repressed gene at the single molecule level. At low expression rates both models match the experiments but, at higher rates the two models differ significantly, with consequences to cell-to-cell phenotypic variability. The alternative pathway reactions, due to, for example, causing polymerases to collide more often on the template, are the cause for the difference in dynamical behaviors. Next, we confront the model with measurements of the transcriptional dynamics at the single RNA level of an induced gene and show that RNA production, besides its bursting dynamics, also exhibits pulses (2 or more RNAs produced in intervals smaller than the smallest interval between initiations). The distribution of occurrences and amplitudes of pulses match the experimental measurements. This pulsing and the noise at the elongation stage are shown to play a role in the dynamics of a genetic switch.
Characterizing and Detecting Integrity Issues in OWL Instance Data

We view OWL instance data evaluation as a process in which instance data is checked for conformance with application requirements. We previously identified some integrity issues raised by applications demanding closed world reasoning. In this paper, we present a formal characterization of those integrity issues using autoepistemic operators, and a practical SPARQL-based issue checking approach that is a sound approximation for detecting integrity issues.
Prebiological Organization of Molecules in Models and in the Matter of the Origin of Life

The theoretical model of cell formation in cell selection is considered. The phenomenology of the process shows that molecular evolution did not have a Darwinian basis for development. According to the described model, cell formation is an inevitable process that develops a clear molecular mechanism. This mechanism is observed throughout the entire period of early development, beginning with the stage of initiation of the process, then at the stage of molecular complications and at the final final stage. The mechanism reveals the ideological concept according to which at an early stage there was a group of ribosome structures catalyzing reversible aminoacyltransfer, their activity led to the formation of a self-replicating cycle on a translational basis.
Forward Perception Using a 2D LiDAR on the Highway for Intelligent Transportation

For a little over the past decade since the DARPA Grand Challenge in 2004 and the more successful Urban Challenge in 2007 autonomous vehicles have seen a surge in popularity with car manufacturers, and companies such as Google and Uber. Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) has been one of the major sensors in use to sense for acting on the surrounding environment instead of the classic radar which has a much narrower field of vision. However the cost of the higher end 3D LiDAR systems which started seeing use during the DARPA challenges still have the high cost of $70,000 a piece which is an issue when trying to design a consumer friendly system on a family car. This work aims to investigate alternate 2D LiDAR systems to the costly systems currently in use in many prototypes to find a cost efficient alternative that can detect and track obstacles in front of a vehicle. The introduction begins by summarizing some related prior works, particularly papers from after the Grand Challenge as well as some about the competition itself. Detection and tracking methods for point clouds generated by the LiDAR are explored including ways to search through the data in an efficient manner to meet real-time constraints. Some of the trade-offs in going from a 3D system to a 2D system and examined along with how some of the drawbacks can be mitigated.
Population Variation Reveals Independent Selection toward Small Body Size in Chinese Debao Pony

Body size, one of the most important quantitative traits under evolutionary scrutiny, varies considerably among species and among populations within species. Revealing the genetic basis underlying this variation is very important, particularly in humans where there is a close relationship with diseases and in domestic animals as the selective patterns are associated with improvements in production traits. The Debao pony is a horse breed with small body size that is unique to China; however, it is unknown whether the size-related candidate genes identified in Western breeds also account for the small body size of the Debao pony. Here, we compared individual horses from the Debao population with other two Chinese horse populations using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified with the Equine SNP 65 Bead Chip. The previously reported size-related candidate gene HMGA2 showed a significant signature for selection, consistent with its role observed in human populations. More interestingly, we found a candidate gene TBX3, which had not been observed in previous studies on horse body size that displayed the highest differentiation and most significant association, and thus likely is the dominating factor for the small stature of the Debao pony. Further comparison between the Debao pony and other breeds of horses from around the world demonstrated that TBX3 was selected independently in the Debao pony, suggesting that there were multiple origins of small stature in the horse.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA DOSEN

Abstrak: This study aims to determine the influence of leadership style and work motivation on the lecturers performance. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey research. Samples used a population sample that is taken from all of lectures (Fixed or not fixed) Faculty of Sains and Technology, Unira Malang as many as 24 people. Data analysis uses the prerequisite test and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the influence of leadership style and motivation of lecturers working on the lectures performance either partially or simultaneously. Based on the research we concluded that leadership style positive and significant effect on the lecturers performance. Work motivation no significant effect on the lecturers performance. Based on the f-test (simultaneously) note that the leadership style and work motivation have a significant effect on the lecturers performance. Simultaneously leadership style and work motivation influence on the lecturers performance 83.5%, while 16.5% were influenced by variables or other factors not examined.
Applying of Decision Tree Analysis to Risk Factors Associated with Pressure Ulcers in Long-Term Care Facilities

Objectives The purpose of this study was to use decision tree analysis to explore the factors associated with pressure ulcers (PUs) among elderly people admitted to Korean long-term care facilities. Methods The data were extracted from the 2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS)—data of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA). A MapReduce-based program was implemented to join and filter 5 tables of the NIS. The outcome predicted by the decision tree model was the prevalence of PUs as defined by the Korean Standard Classification of Disease-7 (KCD-7; code L89*). Using R 3.3. 1, a decision tree was generated with the finalized 15,856 cases and 830 variables. Results The decision tree displayed 15 subgroups with 8 variables showing 0.804 accuracy, 0.820 sensitivity, and 0.787 specificity. The most significant primary predictor of PUs was length of stay less than 0.5 day. Other predictors were the presence of an infectious wound dressing, followed by having diagnoses numbering less than 3.5 and the presence of a simple dressing. Among diagnoses, “injuries to the hip and thigh” was the top predictor ranking 5th overall. Total hospital cost exceeding 2,200,000 Korean won (US $2,000) rounded out the top 7. Conclusions These results support previous studies that showed length of stay, comorbidity, and total hospital cost were associated with PUs. Moreover, wound dressings were commonly used to treat PUs. They also show that machine learning, such as a decision tree, could effectively predict PUs using big data.
Darbepoetin Alpha Reduces Oxidative Stress and Chronic Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Apo E Deficient Mice in Experimental Renal Failure

Background Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is very important in patients with chronic renal failure. This occurs even in mild impairment of renal function and may be related to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. The nephrectomized apo E knockout mouse is an accepted model for evaluating atherosclerosis in renal dysfunction. Erythropoietin derivates showed anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of Darbepoetin on markers of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions in apo E knockout mice with renal dysfunction. Methods Apo E knockout mice underwent unilateral (Unx, n = 20) or subtotal (Snx, n = 26) nephrectomy or sham operation (Sham, n = 16). Mice of each group were either treated with Darbepoetin or saline solution, a part of Snx mice received a tenfold higher dose of Darbepoetin. The aortic plaques were measured and morphologically characterized. Additional immunhistochemical analyses were performed on tissue samples taken from the heart and the aorta. Results Both Unx and Snx mice showed increased expression of markers of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. While aortic plaque size was not different, Snx mice showed advanced plaque stages when compared to Unx mice. Darbepoetin treatment elevated hematocrit and lowered Nitrotyrosin as one marker of oxidative stress, inflammation in heart and aorta, plaque stage and in the high dose even plaque cholesterol content. In contrast, there was no influence of Darbepoetin on aortic plaque size; high dose Darbepoetin treatment resulted in elevated renal serum parameters. Conclusion Darbepoetin showed some protective cardiovascular effects irrespective of renal function, i.e. it improved plaque structure and reduced some signs of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation without affecting plaque size. Nevertheless, the dose dependent adverse effects must be considered as high Darbepoetin treatment elevated serum urea. Elevation of hematocrit might be a favorable effect in anemic Snx animals but a thrombogenic risk in Sham animals.