Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kajian Inovasi Sektor Usaha Kecil Menengah (UKM) dengan Pendekatan Sistem Dinamis

The position of SME’s are in the lowest position in the economic structure of the country, but many contribute revenue to the state. The level of competition is very high in SMEs with intense competition. Many emerging SMEs, but many who later went bankrupt. To increase the level of competition in a competitive SME it is necessary to look at the whole situation with the innovation system approach. This study was conducted within three (3) years with the achievements that have been determined each year of data collection, problematization, which tries to simulate the making, represents the real world research data. Based on the results obtained in the first stage is primarily on problem recognition stage by researchers obtained several related things: (a) aspects of the organization, (b) aspects of the institution, (c) aspects of the functions; (d) aspects of the function of the activity, and (e) aspects of the dynamics of organizations, institutions, functions, and activities.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Psychrotolerant Denitrifying Bacterium, Janthinobacterium svalbardensis PAMC 27463

ABSTRACT We report here the complete genome sequence of Janthinobacterium svalbardensis PAMC 27463 isolated from a freshwater lake on Barton Peninsula on King George Island, Antarctica. The genome consists of a chromosome with 6,274,078 bp which contains 5,585 genes, including 121 RNA genes.
p‐loci: a computer program for choosing the most efficient set of loci for parentage assignment

Determining how many and which codominant marker loci are required for accurate parentage assignment is not straightforward because levels of marker polymorphism, linkage, allelic distributions among potential parents and other factors produce differences in the discriminatory power of individual markers and sets of markers. p‐loci software identifies the most efficient set of codominant markers for assigning parentage at a user‐defined level of success, using either simulated or actual offspring genotypes of known parentage. Simulations can incorporate linkage among markers, mating design and frequencies of null alleles and/or genotyping errors. p‐loci is available for windows systems at http://marineresearch.oregonstate. edu/genetics/ploci.htm.
Batch-Optimistic Test-Cases Generation Using Genetic Algorithms

This paper proposes a dynamic software testing framework, which is able to analyse the source code of a program, create the necessary data structures for automatic testing, such as control flow graphs, and generate a near to optimum set of test cases with reference to a test coverage criterion. The framework consists of two sub-systems: the first is a program analysis system that identifies the type of statements and the complexity of conditions, performs analysis of variables, extracts code paths and creates the control flow graph (CFG) of the program under testing. The second is a test system that uses the CFG for automatically generating test data based on evolutionary computing. The latter system utilises a specially designed genetic algorithm to produce the set of test cases satisfying the selected coverage criterion. The efficacy and performance of the proposed testing approach is assessed and validated using a variety of sample programs.
Information Asymmetry and the Value of Cash

This study investigates the market value of corporate cash holdings in connection with firm-specific and time-varying information asymmetry. Analyzing a large international sample, we test two opposing hypotheses. According to the pecking order theory, adverse selection problems make external financing costly and imply a higher market value of a marginal dollar of cash in states with higher information asymmetry. In contrast, the free cash flow theory predicts that excessive cash holdings bundled with higher information asymmetry generate moral hazard problems and lead to a lower market value of a marginal dollar of cash. We use the dispersion of analysts' earnings per share forecasts as our main measure of firm-specific and time-varying information asymmetry. Extending the valuation regressions of Fama and French [Fama, E.F. , French, K.R. , 1998. Taxes, financing decisions, and firm value. Journal of Finance 53, 819-843], our results support the free cash flow theory and indicate that the value of corporate cash holdings is lower in states with a higher degree of information asymmetry.
Adding Reliability of Broadcast Methods in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Many of applications in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are based on dissemination of information, so broadcasting is one of the fundamental services in these networks. Most of applications in VANET, especially safety applications, require broadcasting of messages with high reliability in different node densities. In this paper we propose a new broadcast method, which assures broadcasting of message to back and forward directions. To analyzes its performance, it has been evaluated by network simulator (NS2). Simulation results show, this method has high reliability to deliver message in both directions, especially in low node densities.
The mediating role of competitive advantage in the relationship between organisational capabilities and retail performance

This paper investigates the relationships between market, learning and brand orientation with competitive advantage and organisational performance in the context of the UK retail industry. The results indicate that competitive advantage contributes to strategic effectiveness and mediates the relationship between learning and brand orientation and strategic effectiveness. No significant relationship was found in relation to financial performance. Moreover, market orientation was not found to have a significant direct effect on competitive advantage or indirect affect on performance. Background The Resource Based View has attracted heightened research interest of both a conceptual and empirical nature over the past decade. Empirical research on organisational resources and capabilities has focused on US manufacturing firms. This study focuses upon the UK retail industry and thereby seeks to extend the resource based theory and demonstrate its generalisability. The RBV suggests that superior performance is derived from an organisation’s ability to achieve a competitive advantage. Such an advantage over competitors is the result of the organisation’s inherent capabilities (Barney, 1991; Day and Wensley, 1988). Hooley and Broderick (1998) contend that business orientations are fundamentally corporate capabilities of the firm, as they set the firm’s direction and activities to ensure resources are fully exploited. The purpose of this paper is to explore the affect that organisational capabilities have on retail performance through the mediating role of competitive advantage (see Figure 1). The specific capabilities examined in this study are market, learning and brand orientation.
Measuring Internal Brand Equity In B2b Service Industries In Iran

In the business-to-business sector, employees are playing a pivotal role in the success of corporate brands. Thus, measuring the internal brand equity in service industries can significantly highlight the potential role of the workforce in internal and external brand performance. To this end, 105 service firms were examined and empirical data was provided by a sample of 533 industrial workers and 208 managers, which was then analyzed. The main conclusions of this research lead us to confirm the positive relationship between determinants of internal brand equity and its influence on building strong internal and external brand equity. Conclusions are drawn for management practice and future research. Classification- JEL:
Interferon Regulatory Factor IRF-7 Induces the Antiviral Alpha Interferon Response and Protects against Lethal West Nile Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Type I interferon (IFN-α/β) comprises a family of immunomodulatory cytokines that are critical for controlling viral infections. In cell culture, many RNA viruses trigger IFN responses through the binding of RNA recognition molecules (RIG-I, MDA5, and TLR-3) and induction of interferon regulatory factor IRF-3-dependent gene transcription. Recent studies with West Nile virus (WNV) have shown that type I IFN is essential for restricting infection and that a deficiency of IRF-3 results in enhanced lethality. However, IRF-3 was not required for optimal systemic IFN production in vivo or in vitro in macrophages. To begin to define the transcriptional factors that regulate type I IFN after WNV infection, we evaluated IFN induction and virus control in IRF-7−/− mice. Compared to congenic wild-type mice, IRF-7−/− mice showed increased lethality after WNV infection and developed early and elevated WNV burdens in both peripheral and central nervous system tissues. As a correlate, a deficiency of IRF-7 blunted the systemic type I IFN response in mice. Consistent with this, IFN-α gene expression and protein production were reduced and viral titers were increased in IRF-7−/− primary macrophages, fibroblasts, dendritic cells, and cortical neurons. In contrast, in these cells the IFN-β response remained largely intact. Our data suggest that the early protective IFN-α response against WNV occurs through an IRF-7-dependent transcriptional signal.
Serum alpha-fetoprotein: I. Evaluation of quantitative assays adapted to automated immunoassay systems.

Serum alpha-fetoprotein (s.AFP) has been established as a useful tool in monitoring of high-risk pregnancies, as an indicator of fetal neural tube defects, and has been used as an adjunct tumor marker and for monitoring therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of certain tumors. To date, the methods for measuring s.AFP are based upon the immunologic principle and are manual methods. The purpose here is to relate the evaluation of two automated systems for the assay of s.AFP. The automated systems are based upon the following immunoassay methods: a microparticle capture enzyme separation and final quantitation by reflectance fluorescence, and a solid phase 'sandwich' separation coupled with enzyme activity measurement (EIA). The reference method is a competitive binding radioimmunoassay. It has been found by us that the automated methods directly transfer analytically with the manual assay. All methods are referenced to the same standard (WHO 1st Intl. Std. for AFP 72/225).
Somatic Portfolio Theory: When Emotions Lead to Economic Efficiency

This paper offers a theoretical generalization of the mean-variance theory (MVT) by integrating the ’expected returns/risk’ rule with variables that measure emotions. We validate its accuracy using a psycho-physiological experiment with a sample of 645 individuals who were asked to take portfolio decisions in a laboratory setting. Results show that MVT frequently fails to describe investor behavior. We obtain evidence that individuals actually take efficient portfolio choices, but only when emotions are added to the equation.This paper shows that by merging theories of rational choice and evidence of emotions, the authentic human decision process can be described and predicted.
Determinant in Intensity of Farmers’ Participation in Contract Farming

This article examines the intensity of farmers’ participation in contract farming by estimating the allocation of land and family labour for the contract and non-contract crops. In addition, factors that influence farmers’ decision to allocate land for the contract crop was identified. The analysis of this article is based on 159 households of Telangana state. The empirical results indicated that farmer is likely to employ proportionately more family labour for contract crop compared to non-contract ones. Small farmers proportionately allocate more land and family labour for the contract crop compared to large ones. Landholding size, education and income have influenced farmers’ decision to allocate land for growing gherkin, while it is landholding size, family size and income in case of hybrid paddy seed. To increase participation of small farmers, focus should be given to improve the education level and increase the landholding size through implementation of proper land policy.
Evaluation des performances du contrôle de congestion dans l'Internet

On etudie dans cette these les performances des mecanismes de controle de congestion du protocole TCP. Ces mecanismes sont tres importants pour la stabilite de l'Internet etant donne le grand volume du trafic transporte par TCP. On developpe pour ce but plusieurs modeles analytiques. Nos modeles sont divises en deux groupes : les modeles de bout en bout et les modeles qui considerent les caracteristiques et les mecanismes du reseau. L'objectif des modeles de bout en bout est de trouver des expressions simples pour le debit moyen d'une connexion TCP de longue duree. On essaie de garder nos modeles les plus generaux possibles pour qu'ils puissent couvrir les differentes manieres avec lesquelles le reseau rejette les paquets de la connexion TCP. En utilisant des techniques de la theorie de processus stochastiques, on trouve des expressions explicites pour le debit moyen de TCP qu'on valide avec des mesures sur l'Internet. Concernant le deuxieme groupe de modeles, l'objectif est d'etudier les performances des transferts TCP dans des environnements difficiles au protocole. On considere les trois environnements montres dans la litterature comme etant les plus difficiles au protocole : l'environnement ayant un grand produit delai-bande passante, l'environnement ayant une importante asymetrie de bande passante entre le chemin d'aller et le chemin de retour, et l'environnement sans fil ou les paquets TCP sont le plus souvent perdus pour une autre raison que la congestion. Pour chaque environnement, on propose un modele analytique ainsi qu'un ensemble de mecanismes et de solutions pour aider le protocole TCP dans son fonctionnement. Les resultats de notre deuxieme groupe de modeles sont valides par des simulations sur ns. La these contient aussi une presentation des differents travaux qui ont ete effectues sur les mecanismes de controle de congestion de TCP depuis leur introduction dans l'Internet.
Two new power allocation schemes for an OFDM cognitive radio with no knowledge on primary users’ interference

In this paper, we propose two new power loading schemes for an OFDM cognitive radio (CR). The novelty of this paper is that the CR has no knowledge about the interference power introduced by primary users (PUs). In the first scheme, we maximize the total received signal power on all CR subcarriers as the objective function with the two constraints: (i) keeping the interference to the PUs below a given threshold, and (ii) allocating less than peak transmit power as the total power levels on all CR subcarriers. The second proposed scheme is similar to the first one with one more constraint, which is more power loading to the CR subcarriers experiencing higher ratio of channel power gain to the noise power. This third constraint results in increasing CR throughput (similar to the water‐filling scheme). Performances of these schemes are analyzed by numerical and simulation results, which illustrate that the two proposed schemes achieve relatively close to the optimal scheme (in which the secondary transmitter has full knowledge about PUs’ interference power) and outperform the scheme based on estimation of this interference power with an estimation error higher than a given threshold. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility and Accuracy of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Whole‐Heart Inverse Potential Mapping of Sinus Rhythm and Idiopathic Ventricular Foci

Background Inverse potential mapping (IPM) noninvasively reconstructs cardiac surface potentials using body surface potentials. This requires a volume conductor model (VCM), usually constructed from computed tomography; however, computed tomography exposes the patient to harmful radiation and lacks information about tissue structure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not associated with this limitation and might have advantages for mapping purposes. This feasibility study investigated a magnetic resonance imaging–based IPM approach. In addition, the impact of incorporating the lungs and their particular resistivity values was explored. Methods and Results Three volunteers and 8 patients with premature ventricular contractions scheduled for ablation underwent 65‐electrode body surface potential mapping. A VCM was created using magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiac surface potentials were estimated from body surface potentials and used to determine the origin of electrical activation. The IPM‐defined origin of sinus rhythm corresponded well with the anatomic position of the sinus node, as described in the literature. In patients, the IPM‐derived premature ventricular contraction focus was 3‐dimensionally located within 8.3±2.7 mm of the invasively determined focus using electroanatomic mapping. The impact of lungs on the IPM was investigated using homogeneous and inhomogeneous VCMs. The inhomogeneous VCM, incorporating lung‐specific conductivity, provided more accurate results compared with the homogeneous VCM (8.3±2.7 and 10.3±3.1 mm, respectively; P=0.043). The interobserver agreement was high for homogeneous (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.862, P=0.003) and inhomogeneous (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.812, P=0.004) VCMs. Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging–based whole‐heart IPM enables accurate spatial localization of sinus rhythm and premature ventricular contractions comparable to electroanatomic mapping. An inhomogeneous VCM improved IPM accuracy.
Cryo‐EM reveals an active role for aminoacyl‐tRNA in the accommodation process

During the elongation cycle of protein biosynthesis, the specific amino acid coded for by the mRNA is delivered by a complex that is comprised of the cognate aminoacyl‐tRNA, elongation factor Tu and GTP. As this ternary complex binds to the ribosome, the anticodon end of the tRNA reaches the decoding center in the 30S subunit. Here we present the cryo‐ electron microscopy (EM) study of an Escherichia coli 70S ribosome‐bound ternary complex stalled with an antibiotic, kirromycin. In the cryo‐EM map the anticodon arm of the tRNA presents a new conformation that appears to facilitate the initial codon–anticodon interaction. Furthermore, the elbow region of the tRNA is seen to contact the GTPase‐associated center on the 50S subunit of the ribosome, suggesting an active role of the tRNA in the transmission of the signal prompting the GTP hydrolysis upon codon recognition.
FINANCIAL CONGLOMERATE IDENTIFICATION BY FINANCIAL MARKETS REGULATORS: CASE OF DEVELOPED AND EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES

The paper examines financial conglomerates as an innovative form of integration from different sec-tors of the world financial market. The authors reveal their features, advantages and risks. The goal of the paper is an empirical cross-country analysis of financial conglomerate identification by finan-cial markets regulators. There is no common approach to such a consolidated entity as financial con-glomerate among both researchers and regulators. The blurring of the dividing lines between financial sectors is of great importance too. The development of a conceptual apparatus, the theory and anal-ysis of a financial conglomerate has become of considerable importance.
Terrestrial Small Mammals ( Soricidae and Muridae ) from the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas , Gabon : Species Composition and Comparison of Sampling Techniques

The Guineo-Congolian region encompasses 2.8 million km"^ of lowland rainforest stretching from the coastal regions of West Africa to eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (White 2001). The altitude is less than 1000 m except for a few higher peaks, and the rainfall averages 1600-2000 mm per year The region is renowned for both its plant and animal diversity, with an estimated 8000 species of plants (80% endemic. White 1983) and 270 species of lowland mammals belonging to 120 genera (Grubb 2001, White 2001). Gabon, in the heart of the GuineoCongolian region, has some 80% of its original tropical moist forest remaining, which is the highest of all West, Central, and East African rainforest countries (Naughton-Treves and Weber 2001). Although there have been repeated surveys of large mammals in the region (Whitesides et al. 1988, White 1994, Happold 1996, Muchaal and Ngandjui 1999, Hart 2001, Ray 2001, Turkalo and Fay 2001, Boddicker this volume. Lahm and Tezi this volume), only in recent years have terrestrial small mammal communities received the same attention. Surveys in northeastern Gabon (Duplantier 1982, 1989; Brosset 1988, Goodman et al. 2001), central Gabon (Barrière and Colyn 1997, Nicolas and Colyn 1999), the Central African Republic (Ray and Hutterer 1995, Morvan et al. 1999, Barrière et al. 2000, Malcolm and Ray 2000), the Democratic Republic of Congo (Dieterlen 1986, Barrière and Colyn 1997, Gubista 1999, Nicolas and Colyn 1999, Dudu et al. in press), Cameroon (Barrière and Colyn 1997, Nicolas and Colyn 1999) and Equatorial Guinea (Lasso et al. 1996) have demonstrated a diverse small mammal community. The southern section of Gabon, including the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas, was surveyed recently by Nicolas and Barrière (2001), Goodman and Hutterer (2004), Nicolas et al. (2004), Primus et al. (this volume), and by Rodriguez et al. (this volume). In this paper, we document species of terrestrial insectivores (Soricidae) and rodents (Muridae) weighing less than 100 g that occur in the Gamba Complex, compare faunal composition between coastal and inland sites, and test the success of different sampling protocols. In addition, we discuss our findings in the context of other mammal surveys conducted in lowland rainforests of Central Africa.
Applications of somatic cell nuclear transfer in goats

A number of animals with genetically identical appearance can be produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). From current advancement of SCNT and molecular techniques, production of a transgenic animal becomes easier. Although cloning efficiency in goat is low, the ability to propagate genetically identical animals, with a gene or genes of interest, would be important for increasing productivity and ultimately the economic livelihood. In this paper, the potential applications and uses of SCNT technology like production of transgenic goat for production of quality milk and meat are discussed.
Creating Job Security And Retaining Employees Among Different Generations In The Public Sector

There is a need to train and retain the 85 million Generation Yers and 35 million Generation Xers within and entering the workforce to fill the Baby Boomers’ vacant positions, as 52 million of them continue to exit the workforce (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014). The Baby Boomer generation is exiting the workforce with extensive institutional knowledge gained through years of experience within the public sector. Without the transfer of their experience and knowledge to younger generations, a loss of organizational knowledge will occur, adversely affecting organizations’ productivity and wasting taxpayer funds. Therefore, though Generation Xers may fill some vacancies, not enough Generation Xers are in the US workforce to fill the Baby Boomer vacancy (Geber, 2000; Levit, 2016). To maintain sustainability, public-sector organizations need to adapt to the changing workforce by utilizing the Generation Xers’ knowledge and transfer the knowledge held by Baby Boomers to the Generation Yers, while working to retain Generation Xers and Yers. This study reveals four key findings that could help public sector employers revise the job securities and benefits they offer. All generations are sensitive to job security and benefits and rated their most important job security as healthcare. While the Baby Boomers and Generation X were interested in the public-sector pension plan, Generation Y was more interested in a steady paycheck and paid time off. Gen Y is more highly formally educated