Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Sentiment Analysis

Sentiment analysis is the process to automatically examine a piece of writing in order to find out the writer's opinions or feelings about a product, policy, services and specific situations using Machine learning technique. It is a kind of text classification that classifies text, based on the sentimental orientation of opinions they contain. It is also known as opinion mining. Opinions are usually subjective expressions that describe person's sentiment, feelings towards the object or service. The sentiment can be positive or negative Sentiment analysis acts as a tool for monitoring the response-stimulus behavior of people to the various events occurring around the world. This paper presents a survey covering the techniques and methods in sentiment analysis and challenges appear in the field. Keyword: Sentiment, Opinion, support vector machine, Naive Bayes, etc.
Facilitation of Stress-induced Phosphorylation of β-Amyloid Precursor Protein Family Members by X11-like/Mint2 Protein*[boxs]

β-Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is the precursor of β-amyloid (Aβ), which is implicated in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. APP complements amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2), and together they play essential physiological roles. Phosphorylation at the Thr668 residue of APP (with respect to the numbering conversion for the APP 695 isoform) and the Thr736 residue of APLP2 (with respect to the numbering conversion for the APLP2 763 isoform) in their cytoplasmic domains acts as a molecular switch for their protein-protein interaction and is implicated in neural function(s) and/or Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Here we demonstrate that both APP and APLP2 can be phosphorylated by JNK at the Thr668 and Thr736 residues, respectively, in response to cellular stress. X11-like (X11L, also referred to as X11β and Mint2), which is a member of the mammalian LIN-10 protein family and a possible regulator of Aβ production, elevated APP and APLP2 phosphorylation probably by facilitating JNK-mediated phosphorylation, whereas other members of the family, X11 and X11L2, did not. These observations revealed an involvement of X11L in the phosphorylation of APP family proteins in cellular stress and suggest that X11L protein may be important in the physiology of APP family proteins as well as in the regulation of Aβ production.
Statistical inference under multiterminal rate restrictions: A differential geometric approach

A statistical inference problem for a two-terminal information source emitting mutually correlated signals X and Y is treated. Let sequences X/sup n/ and Y/sup n/ of n independent observations be encoded independently of each other into message sets M/sub X/ and M/sub Y/ at rates R/sub 1/ and R/sub 2/ per letter, respectively. This compression causes a loss of the statistical information available for testing hypotheses concerning X and Y. The loss of statistical information is evaluated as a function of the amounts R/sub 1/ and R/sub 2/ of the Shannon information. A complete solution is given in the case of asymptotically complete data compression, R/sub 1/, R/sub 2/ to 0 as n to infinity . It is shown that the differential geometry of the manifold of all probability distributions plays a fundamental role in this type of multiterminal problem connecting Shannon information and statistical information. A brief introduction to the dually coupled e-affine and m-affine connections together with e-flatness and m-flatness is given. >
Unsupervised border detection in dermoscopy images

Background: As a result of the advances in skin imaging technology and the development of suitable image processing techniques, during the last decade, there has been a significant increase of interest in the computer‐aided diagnosis of skin cancer. Automated border detection is one of the most important steps in this procedure as the accuracy of the subsequent steps crucially depends on the accuracy of this step.
Accentuating the Positive: Self-Actualising Post-Traumatic Growth Processes

It is not altogether uncommon, in the aftermath of stressful life events, for individuals and groups to report that they have had experiences that have led them to significant personal change and psychological growth. In the last half century psychology has begun to broadly recognise and understand the psychological benefits to individuals who are able to manage the balance between the intense effects of trauma on the one hand and the emerging effects of flourishing and personal growth on the other. These life-enhancing outcomes can include: improved psychological well-being and health; personal and spiritual development; increased coping skills and deepening relationships; enhanced personal resources; and, changes in religious and spiritual assumptions, beliefs. As a consequence, main stream psychology has broadened its position on trauma, moving beyond its interest in the effects of impairment and pathology on functioning, to a curiosity about the incidence, meaning, and positive potential these growth outcomes may have post-trauma. As these outcomes are to some degree measurable, this paper questions whether the view of trauma provided by mainstream psychology and cautiously limited by what may only be quantitatively proven, is somewhat restricted. As psychology positions itself in the new millennium this paper offers a number of contributions to theory of post-traumatic growth which may admit a fuller consideration of the role of psycho-spiritual transformation in the processes, outcomes, and management of trauma: Abraham Maslow’s theory of peak experience and self-actualisation and Carl Rogers’ organismic valuing process; Stanislav Grof’s holotropic paradigm and formulation of psycho-spiritual transformation; Lawrence Calhoun and Richard Tedeschi’s research on posttraumatic growth; and, Martin Seligman and Stephen Joseph’s conceptualisations of positive psychology. Together, these interdisciplinary strands capture something of a prevailing optimism and shared understanding that the struggle of posttraumatic experience may, for some at least, offer the potential for personal growth.
Adolescents Binge Drinking When on Holiday: An Evaluation of a Community Intervention Based on Self-Regulation

This paper presents a case study of a community intervention aimed at reducing excessive drinking in young men on holiday in seaside camping resorts in the Netherlands. The self-regulated voluntary covenant of parties concerned was evaluated on the basis of several types of data (all collected in ): questionnaires administered to young men (N == 191), observations carried out by trained “peers,” nuisance questionnaires among city center residents (N == 121), and interviews with local actors. Compliance with measures as well as the effects of measures are discussed. Limitations are noted and recommendations for optimizing the potential of community interventions are made.
Phenotype of frailty: characterization in the women's health and aging studies.

BACKGROUND "Frailty" is an adverse, primarily gerontologic, health condition regarded as frequent with aging and having severe consequences. Although clinicians claim that the extremes of frailty can be easily recognized, a standardized definition of frailty has proved elusive until recently. This article evaluates the cross-validity, criterion validity, and internal validity in the Women's Health and Aging Studies (WHAS) of a discrete measure of frailty recently validated in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). METHODS The frailty measure developed in CHS was delineated in the WHAS data sets. Using latent class analysis, we evaluated whether criteria composing the measure aggregate into a syndrome. We verified the criterion validity of the measure by testing whether participants defined as frail were more likely than others to develop adverse geriatric outcomes or to die. RESULTS The distributions of frailty in the WHAS and CHS were comparable. In latent class analyses, the measures demonstrated strong internal validity vis à vis stated theory characterizing frailty as a medical syndrome. In proportional hazards models, frail women had a higher risk of developing activities of daily living (ADL) and/or instrumental ADL disability, institutionalization, and death, independently of multiple potentially confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study are consistent with the widely held theory that conceptualizes frailty as a syndrome. The frailty definition developed in the CHS is applicable across diverse population samples and identifies a profile of high risk of multiple adverse outcomes.
Semiblind direct equalisation using mutually referenced equalisers

Wireless ad-hoc networks must accept the presence of unsynchronized interfering signals. To identify the user of interest, some form of training must be used, e.g., colour code or a short training burst. Instead of a single block of training, it is better to have the training symbols dispersed over the packet. We propose a semi-blind algorithm for the separation and equalization of the packet of the user of interest, received over multi-path fading channels. The algorithm is based on a direct equaliser approach, combined with ideas from blind “mutually referenced equalisers” (MRE).
Cognitive Modeling for Cognitive Engineering

This chapter provides a comparative survey of computational models of psychological development. To understand how computational modeling can contribute to the study of psychological development, it is important to appreciate the enduring issues in developmental psychology. The most common computational techniques applied to psychological development are production systems, connectionist networks, dynamic systems, robotics, and Bayesian inference. The chapter discusses modeling in the areas of the balance scale, past tense, object permanence, artificial syntax, similarity-to-correlation shifts in category learning, discrimination-shift learning, concept and word learning, and abnormal development. Some of the models reviewed in this chapter simulated development with programmer designed parameter changes. Variations in such parameter settings were used to implement age-related changes in both connectionist and dynamic-systems models of the A-not-B error, the Cascade-Correlation (CC) model of discrimination-shift learning, all three models of the similarity-to-correlation shift, and the autism model.
Phonemic segmentation of fluent speech

A hierarchical approach to phonemic segmentation of continuous, speaker-independent speech is presented. Each sentence is divided into distinct obstruent and sonorant regions using a Bayesian decision surface. Rules are then used to make context specific corrections with these regions. Finally, finer segmentation is performed using a number of rules specific to obstruent and sonorant boundaries. Around 80% of the boundaries are located with an insertion rate of 12%. The developed system is suitable for use in phoneme recognition and automatic labelling of speech. <<ETX>>
A comparative study of the dominant character strengths of mental health and business graduate students

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE DOMINANT CHARACTER STRENGTHS OF MENTAL HEALTH AND BUSINESS GRADUATE STUDENTS By Erika M. Mulhearn University of New Hampshire, May, 2009 This exploratory study used the Brief Strengths Survey self-report instrument (Peterson & Park, 2008), based on the Values in Action (VIA) Inventory of Strengths (Seligman & Peterson, 2004), to determine the dominant character strengths of graduate mental health and social work students (n = 56) as compared to those of MBA students (n = 65) in order to explore the relationship between personality characteristics and career choice. A gender analysis was conducted in order to determine whether dominant character strengths were also related to gender rather than discipline alone. Mental health students had higher scores on the strengths of Kindness/ Generosity, Playfulness/Humor, Social Skills/Social Intelligence, Appreciation of Beauty/A we, Religiousness/Spirituality and Love/Attachment, and MBA student had higher scores on Perseverance/Persistence/ Industriousness. Among mental health students, there were no significant differences on dominant character strengths between males and females. On the strengths of Appreciation of Beauty/Awe and Gratitude/Thankfulness, females as a group, regardless of discipline, had higher scores than males of either discipline.
Learning to Segment and Label Semi-Structured Documents with Little or No Supervision

We present two machine learning approaches to information extraction from semi-structured documents that can be used if no annotated training data are available but there does exist a database filled with information derived from the type of documents to be processed. One approach tries to employ standard supervised learning by artificially constructing labelled training data from the contents of the database. Truly knowledge-free production of these artificial data turned out to result in suboptimal classification performance. However, given a small amount of annotated training data, the artificially constructed data can be modelled to better match the structure of target documents, causing considerable performance improvement. The second approach combines unsupervised Hidden Markov Modelling with language models. Training such a system requires nothing but the information available in the database. Empirical evaluation of both systems pointed out that the Hidden Markov Model managed best to learn the task of segmenting and labelling biological field book entries from a derived database only. Further analysis showed that its performance could be improved even more if the initial segmentation of field book entries is optimised.
No Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Polymorphism on Disease Progression and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) shows a variable clinical course suggesting that genetic modifiers might play a role. There are conflicting results about the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism on the progression of renal failure in ADPKD. Also, the association between ACE gene polymorphism and the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has not been investigated in patients with ADPKD. Methods: ACE genotype analysis was performed in 409 Caucasian patients (137 male, 272 female) with ADPKD. Echocardiographic examination was done in 164 of these patients. Results: There were no significant differences between different ACE genotypes regarding renal function, renal volume, urinary protein excretion, blood pressure, the rate of hypertension, the age at diagnosis of hypertension, the rate of LVH and the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Conclusion: ACE gene polymorphism does not have a significant effect on the development of ESRD and the prevalence of LVH in patients with ADPKD.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Healthy and Amblyopic Visual Cortex: Mechanisms and Action

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Simulation of Artificial Ant's Behavior in a Digital Environment

Ants present a very good natural metaphor to evolutionary computation. While their individual computational power is small compared to more evolved species, it is the power of their colonies that inspire computer scientists. This paper presents “Ants Box Simulator”, software that allows the simulation of ants in a restricted environment. We demonstrate how some parameters affect their performance on finding a solution to a given problem.
Deceleration of neutral molecules in macroscopic traveling traps

A decelerator is presented where polar neutral molecules are guided and decelerated using the principle of traveling electric potential wells, such that molecules are confined in stable three-dimensional traps throughout. We compare this decelerator with that of Scharfenberg et al. [Phys. Rev. A 79, 023410 (2009)] and we show that the current decelerator provides a substantially larger phase-space acceptance, even at higher acceleration. The mode of operation is described and experimentally demonstrated by guiding and decelerating CO molecules.
A micromechanical resonant optical power meter

This paper presents a new kind of micromechanical optical power meter using a micro disk resonator. With the change of laser power irradiated on the surface of resonator, the resonant frequency of the micromechanical resonator drifts because of its body temperature change. The simulation result is verified by the experimental data. A linear relationship between the laser power and the resonant frequency is obtained by both open-loop and closed-loop experiments. The minimum detectable optical power is found to be 0. 98μW. The response time of the detector is less than 0.3s when the optical power changes.
Effects of Gender and Region on the Relationships between Teenagers’ Use of Social Network Sites and Social Capital

본 연구는 소셜 네트워크 사이트 이용과 사회적 자본 사이의 관계가 성별과 지역에 따라 어떻게 차이가 나는가에 대해 조사해보고자 했다. 한국 청소년들로부터 수집된 자료를 분석함으로써 유의미한 성별과 지역별 차이를 발견할 수 있었다. 특히 도시에 거주하는 남자 청소년들의 경우, 소셜 네트워크 사이트의 이용은 결속적 그리고 교량적 사회자본에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과는 청소년들의 소셜 네트워크 사이트 사용이 청소년들의 개인적인 인간관계에 미치는 영향을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.
Wake-up radio as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional wireless sensor networks MAC protocols

The use of duty-cycling in Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols effectively helps improving the energy efficiency of wireless networks. However, while the benefits of these protocols are unquestionable, most of them still suffer from overhearing and idle listening, two issues that prevent duty-cycled systems from achieving optimum energy usage, which is a crucial aspect in specific types of wireless networks such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Wake-up Radio (WuR) systems have been employed recently to overcome these issues. Under this approach, the nodes' MicroController Unit (MCU) and main radio transceiver are completely switched off and only activated when a secondary, extremely low-power receiver in the node is triggered by a particular wireless transmission. Wake-up Radio systems allow for drastic energy savings since receiver nodes are only activated on-demand, maximizing their battery lifetimes. In this paper, we have modeled and simulated a real, recent and promising WuR hardware platform based on its time and energy consumption characterization. By comparing such WuR approach to B-MAC and IEEE 802.15. 4, two well-known and widely employed MAC protocols, we show it effectively out-performs the conventional WSN MAC approaches in terms of energy efficiency. To the best of authors' knowledge, this is the first study to include a comparative analysis for multi-hop networks based on a real WuR platform, which shows WuR systems represent an energy-efficient solution that also provides a good tradeoff between latency, packet delivery ratio and applicability.
Computational design of improved two‐photon active caging compounds based on nitrodibenzofuran

Nitrodibenzofuran (NDBF) has recently been established as photolabile protecting group and efficiently used as two‐photon active cage. In this work, a computational approach is exploited to rationally design improved two‐photon active caging groups based on this NDBF chromophore. For this objective, first the two‐photon absorption (TPA) properties of NDBF are investigated in detail and a suitable theoretical approach for the reliable simulation of TPA spectra of this class of compounds is identified. Then, virtual chemical modifications are performed by introduction of substituents at the chromophore and replacement of the central furan ring by pyrolle, thiophene, and borrole heterocycles. Subsequently, the TPA properties of the resulting compounds are computed, and the influences of the chemical modifications on TPA properties investigated in detail. The most promising candidates with largely increased two‐photon uncaging efficiencies are dimethylamino‐substituted derivatives of NDBF, nitrodibenzopyrrol, and nitrodibenzothiophene. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Imagined Community of Education: Voices From Refugees and Immigrants

To challenge deficit thinking concerning immigrants and refugees in urban schools, we engaged members of local immigrant and refugee communities from China, Mexico, Liberia, and Sudan in focus group discussions about their prior educational experiences, their hopes and aspirations for education, and the supports and challenges they encountered in their perceived reality of PK-12 education in the United States. In an effort to promote asset-based approaches, we employed Yosso’s framework in our analysis to highlight the community cultural wealth and to describe the process of creating an “imagined community” of education shared among our participants.
Spontaneous Intestinal Tumorigenesis in Apc /Min+ Mice Requires Altered T Cell Development with IL-17A

The control of inflammatory diseases requires functional regulatory T cells (Tregs) with significant Gata-3 expression. Here we address the inhibitory role of Tregs on intestinal tumorigenesis in the Apc /Min+ mouse model that resembles human familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Apc /Min+ mice had a markedly increased frequency of Foxp3+ Tregs and yet decreased Gata-3 expression in the lamina propria. To address the role of heterozygous Apc gene mutation in Tregs, we generated Foxp3-Cre, Apc flox/+ mice. Tregs from these mice effectively inhibited tumorigenesis comparable to wild type Tregs after adoptive transfer into Apc /Min+ mice, demonstrating that the heterozygous Apc gene mutation in Tregs does not induce the loss of control over tumor microenvironment. Adoptive transfer of in vitro generated Apc /Min+ iTregs (inducible Tregs) failed to inhibit intestinal tumorigenesis, suggesting that naïve CD4 T cells generated from Apc /Min+ mice thymus were impaired. We also showed that adoptively transferred IL-17A-deficient Apc /Min+ Tregs inhibited tumor growth, suggesting that IL-17A was critical to impair the tumor regression function of Apc /Min+ Tregs. Taken together, our results suggest that both T cell development in a functional thymus and IL-17A control the ability of Treg to inhibit intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc /Min+ mice.
CONDEX: Copy number detection in exome sequences

Exome sequencing by hybrid capture facilitates obtaining cost-effective, comprehensive data on coding sequence variation from short reads. Standard analysis tools focus on detecting and characterizing variants of single or a few nucleotides while copy number variants (CNVs) that span multiple regions of exon baits have not yet been considered. Here, we present a Hidden Markov Model based method to identify CNVs from exome sequencing data. Using depth coverage and the heterozygosity of SNPs, we call CNVs with per-exon training data from other samples. The method has >90% accuracy in identification of deletions and insertions in simulations. Availability - http://code.google. com/p/condr/ (Java)