Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heterocyclic-2-carboxylic Acid (3-Cyano-1,4-di-N-oxidequinoxalin-2-yl)amide Derivatives as Hits for the Development of Neglected Disease Drugs

Neglected diseases represent a major health problem. It is estimated that one third of the world population is infected with tuberculosis (TB). Besides TB, Chagas disease, affects approximately 20 million people. Quinoxalines display great activities against TB and Chagas. Forty new quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been prepared and tested against M. tuberculosis and T. cruzi. Carboxylic acid quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxides (CAQDOs) 5 and 17 showed MIC values on the same order as the reference antituberculosis drug, rifampicin. Meanwhile, CAQDOs 12 and 22 presented IC50 values in the same order as the anti-chagasic drug, nifurtimox.
14-3-3σ stabilizes a complex of soluble actin and intermediate filament to enable breast tumor invasion

Significance We characterize a mechanism by which 14-3-3σ directs cell migration and tumor invasion through regulating cytoskeletal solubility and dynamics. Our data suggest that 14-3-3σ expression, rather than being a tumor suppressor, in fact, aids in breast tumor invasion at least in a subset of carcinomas. Our findings warrant further investigation into the role of this molecule in normal mammary gland and breast tumors and, indeed, in epithelial tissues and tumors where 14-3-3σ is expressed. The protein 14-3-3σ (stratifin) is frequently described as a tumor suppressor silenced in about 80% of breast tumors. Intriguingly, we show that 14-3-3σ expression, which in normal breast is localized to the myoepithelial cells, tracks with malignant phenotype in two models of basal-like breast cancer progression, and in patients, it is associated with basal-like subtype and poor clinical outcome. We characterized a mechanism by which 14-3-3σ guides breast tumor invasion by integrating cytoskeletal dynamics: it stabilizes a complex of solubilized actin and intermediate filaments to maintain a pool of “bioavailable” complexes for polarized assembly during migration. We show that formation of the actin/cytokeratin/14-3-3σ complex and cellular migration are regulated by PKCζ-dependent phosphorylation, a finding that could form the basis for intervention in aggressive breast carcinomas expressing 14-3-3σ. Our data suggest that the biology of this protein is important in cellular movement and is contingent on breast cancer subtype.
Epidemiological Transition of Stroke in China: Twenty-One–Year Observational Study From the Sino-MONICA-Beijing Project

Background and Purpose— Epidemiological patterns of stroke may change with economic development. It is important to understand these changes for making timely strategies for stroke prevention. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in trends of stroke epidemiology during a period of fast economic development in China, based on data of the Sino-MONICA-Beijing project. Methods— Acute stroke events were registered in a large defined population aged 25 through 74 years from 1984 to 2004. The age standardized incidence rates and case fatality rates of total stroke, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke were calculated. The trends were analyzed by a regression model. Results— There was a total of 14 584 stroke events registered in the study population from 1984 through 2004. The incidence rate of hemorrhagic stroke declined by 1.7% and the incidence rate of ischemic stroke increased by 8.7% annually on average. The case fatality rates significantly reduced in both types of stroke. The mean onset age of stroke was delayed by 2.7 years in men and 3.6 years in women. The proportion of deaths of cerebrovascular disease out of total deaths decreased and the proportion of ischemic heart disease increased during the study period. Conclusions— Characteristics of stroke transition were found during a period of economic development in China. The changes in patterns of stroke have raised new challenges and the need for priority adjustment for stroke prevention in China.
Evaluation of dental hard tissues irradiated with ultra-short pulsed lasers : influence on surface morphology and microtensile bond strength

The advance of restorative dentistry has landed in the era of esthetic adhesive restorations and minimally invasive approach, for which innovative techniques and advanced materials are constantly introduced. Conservative techniques aim not only to remove carious dental substrate, but also to prepare cavity surfaces for adhesive restoration. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of introducing ultra-short pulsed lasers in Restorative Dentistry, in attempt to fulfill the basic requirements of adequate conservative restoration, by maintaining the well-known benefits of lasers for caries removal, but also overcoming disadvantages related to current laser sources available for this purpose, such as temperature increase and damaged adhesion to resin composite. In order to better evaluate the interaction between ultra-short pulsed lasers and dental substrates, experimental procedures were divided in three phases. Phase 1 aimed to evaluate the effect of different wavelengths (355 nm, 532 nm, 104 nm, and 1064 nm), pulse durations (pico and femtoseconds) and irradiation protocols (surface scanning speed, sample thickness, cooling method, pulse repetition rate) on enamel and dentin. For Phase 2, laser parameters with most favorable results in Phase 1 were evaluated to relate temperature increase to ablation rate or ablation efficiency. Phase 3 aimed to analyze adhesive interface and microtensile bond strength to dentin irradiated with the selected parameters by using etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems with different bonding protocols (Clearfil SE Bond with and without Primer, Adper Single Bond with and without acid etching). The results of Phase 1 indicate that dentin and enamel irradiated with 1045-nm fs-laser and 1064-nm ps-laser present a rough surface without carbonization. Irradiation should be conducted with higher scanning speed, and no additional cooling during irradiation was necessary. All parameters provided selective
A Computationally Efficient Motion Primitive for Quadrocopter Trajectory Generation

A method is presented for the rapid generation and feasibility verification of motion primitives for quadrocopters and similar multirotor vehicles. The motion primitives are defined by the quadrocopter's initial state, the desired motion duration, and any combination of components of the quadrocopter's position, velocity, and acceleration at the motion's end. Closed-form solutions for the primitives are given, which minimize a cost function related to input aggressiveness. Computationally efficient tests are presented to allow for rapid feasibility verification. Conditions are given under which the existence of feasible primitives can be guaranteed a priori . The algorithm may be incorporated in a high-level trajectory generator, which can then rapidly search over a large number of motion primitives which would achieve some given high-level goal. It is shown that a million motion primitives may be evaluated and compared per second on a standard laptop computer. The motion primitive generation algorithm is experimentally demonstrated by tasking a quadrocopter with an attached net to catch a thrown ball, evaluating thousands of different possible motions to catch the ball.
Multi-space random projection of face biometric in the radon domain

Biometric authentication cannot replace traditional authentication systems unless biometric data is sufficiently protected during the entire authentication procedure. In this paper a novel method to protect face biometric is presented. The randomized Radon signature (RRS) overcomes the natural limitations of biometrics by providing unique, non-reversible and reissuable templates to replace face images in storage and during processing. The face image is transformed into the Radon space where the signatures are constructed and then projected into a random multi-space. Using the eigenface algorithm for evaluation, the results have shown a 252.78% improvement in the separation of the genuine and impostor distributions leading to an 81.49% reduction in the equal error rate.
Marking atomic events in sets of related texts

The notion of an event has been widely used in the computational linguistics literature as well as in information retrieval and various NLP applications, although with significant variance in what exactly an event is. We describe an empirical study aimed at developing an operational definition of an event at the atomic (sentence or predicate) level, and use our observations to create a system for detecting and prioritizing the atomic events described in a collection of documents. We report results from testing our system on several sets of related texts, including human assessments of the system’s output and a comparison with information extraction techniques.
Outage Performance of the Full-Duplex Two-Way DF Relay System Under Imperfect CSI

Contrary to the most existing works about the full-duplex (FD) relaying with perfect channel state information (CSI), this paper studies the outage performance of the two-way FD decode-and-forward relay network under the joint effects of the residual self-interference and imperfect CSI. We first derive the exact closed-form expressions of the system outage probability, based on which we obtain the outage probability under the perfect self-interference cancellation to investigate the impacts of the imperfect CSI on the system performance. In addition, to gain more insights about the imperfect CSI, we analyze the optimal power allocation scheme and an optimal relay node placement strategy, which minimize the system outage probability. The results reveal that the imperfect CSI will only affect the optimal power allocation, and the optimal relay node placement is related to the power ratio between the user nodes. Finally, analytical evaluations are performed to verify the theoretical results, and Monte Carlo simulations guarantee the correctness of the analytical evaluations.
Retrograde Approach Using Surgical Cutdown Technique for Limb Salvage in a Case of Critical Limb Ischemia With Severely Calcified Tibial Occlusive Disease

We here report a successful angioplasty for tibial artery occlusion using direct tibial puncture and subsequent retrograde approach under surgical cutdown technique. An 82-year-old man with ulcer/gangrene in first and second digits was referred to our hospital for endovascular therapy (EVT) of lower extremity ischemia. Diagnostic angiogram revealed anterior tibial artery (ATA) occlusion with severe calcification. Subintimal angioplasty was attempted using a 0.014-inch hydrophilic guidewire but was unsuccessful. A retrograde approach was subsequently attempted for ATA recanalization. However, because of severe calcification of dorsal pedis artery (DPA), percutaneous distal puncture was also unsuccessful. Direct puncture under surgical cutdown technique for DPA was subsequently performed and was successful. A 0.014-inch hydrophilic wire was advanced in retrograde fashion across the ATA occlusion and was used to access the microcatheter positioned at the proximal ATA via antegrade approach. Angioplasty of the ATA occlusion was performed using a 2.5-/3.0-mm tapered balloon. Completion angiogram revealed restoration of flow without dissection. Skin perfusion pressure was dramatically improved. Complete wound healing was achieved 5 months after EVT.
A dual-laser interferometry system for thin film measurements in thermal vapor deposition applications

Lithography processes harnessing the phase change of the chemically inert carbon dioxide as a resist have been shown as a possible alternative to patterning thin film organic semiconductors and metals. The ability to control the resist’s growth would make the lithography process more reliable and efficient. This thesis seeks to control and observe the physical properties of the carbon dioxide resist via the optical technique of dual-laser interferometry in conjunction with a quartz crystal micro balance (QCMB). Thesis Supervisor: Marc A. Baldo Title: Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering
Recommender System Based on Random Walks and Text Retrieval Approaches

This paper presents the approaches IRIT developed for the VLNetChallenge regarding recommender systems in the context of video lectures. The first task aims at recommending newly acquired lectures after viewing an “old” lecture. We use random walk algorithms based on a graph composed of author, category, event, and lecture nodes and associated relationships. The second task aims at recommending 10 lectures from three lectures extracted from a sequence of lectures. We use the categories associated to lectures in addition to the lecture pairs (lectures viewed in a same session).
Management of Missed Monteggia Fractures With Ulnar Osteotomy, Open Reduction, and Dual-socket External Fixation

Background: Open reduction of the radial head is usually necessary in the treatment of a missed Monteggia fracture. However, the best way to stabilize the reduction remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to present our experience using the dual-socket external fixator to stabilize the ulna osteotomy and capture the reduction of the radial head. Methods: We reviewed 33 patients with missed Monteggia fracture who underwent open reduction, ulnar osteotomy, and dual-socket external fixation from 2004 to 2010. The average age of this group was 7 years and the average time to surgical treatment after the fracture was 15 months. We treated all patients with open reduction of the radial head, fully releasing the capsular contracture, removing the fibrous scar tissue within the joint, performing ulnar osteotomy, and fixing the osteotomy with dual-socket external fixation. The clinical and radiographic follow-up averaged 38 months. Descriptive statistics utilized the Student test to compare the preoperative and postoperative functional movement of elbow and forearm. Results: All patients had excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes without losing motion of the elbow and forearm, and all patients maintained reduction of the radial head at the final follow-up. There were no significant differences in the motion of the elbow and forearm between preoperative and postoperative examinations. Delayed union of the ulna occurred in 2 cases, both successfully treated with autologous iliac crest bone graft at 7 months after the operation. Three cases had early redislocation of the radial head, and these were treated successfully by changing the position of the ulnar osteotomy and readjusting the external fixators. Conclusions: Dual-socket external fixation has the major advantage of permitting and capturing the optimal position of the ulna osteotomy to achieve the best possible reduction of the radial head. A further advantage is the possibility of easily changing the position of the ulnar osteotomy by adjustment of the fixator should the radial head subluxate or redislocate in the early postoperative period as had occurred in 3 of our cases. We conclude that our procedure of fully releasing the capsular contractures, removing scar tissue, ulnar osteotomy, reduction of the radial head, and fixation of the osteotomy with dual-socket external fixation is a safe and effective way to manage children with a missed Monteggia fracture. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic level IV.
Micromachined silicon structures for free-convection PEM fuel cells

This paper presents details on the design, fabrication, testing and modeling of micromachined gas diffusion media (GDM) for micro proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications. Two-tiered mesh structures were thru-etched into silicon wafers and subsequently assembled with membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) and tested with hydrogen fuel and ambient air as the oxidizer. These silicon structures doubled as gas diffusion layers and supports for thermally evaporated gold current collection layers that mated with commercially available MEAs of the catalyst-on-membrane variety. In general, the cell V–I performance curves approached that of conventional GDM-based free-convection cells for current densities less than 75 mA cm−2 on an iR-free basis. At higher current densities, the cell's operability became less stable as product water flooded the micromesh structures as evidenced by stereoscopic images during cell operation. Single- and two-phase flow modelings of the fuel cell operating in free-convection mode were also developed and the simulations support the experimental results that water accumulation significantly reduces the maximum current density achievable for such micro fuel cells. Improved water management approaches are proposed.
Gravitational Redshifts in Simulated Galaxy Clusters

We predict the amplitude of the gravitational redshift of galaxies in galaxy clusters using an N-body simulation of a ΛCDM universe. We examine the possibility of detecting the gravitational effect on the total redshift observed for galaxies. For clusters of mass M ~ 1015 h-1 M☉, the difference in gravitational redshift between the brightest galaxy and the rest of the cluster members is ~10 km s- 1. The most efficient way to detect gravitational redshifts using information from galaxies only involves using the full gravitational-redshift profile of clusters. Massive clusters, while having the largest gravitational redshift, suffer from large galaxy peculiar velocities and substructure, which act as sources of noise. This and their low number density make it more reasonable to try averaging over many clusters and groups of relatively low mass. We examine publicly available data for 107 rich clusters from the ESO Nearby Abell Clusters Survey (ENACS), finding no evidence for gravitational redshifts. Tests on our simulated clusters show that we need at least ~2500 clusters or groups with M > 5 × 1013 h-1 M☉ for detection of gravitational redshifts at the 2 σ level.
Fast Human Detection Using Motion Detection and Histogram of Oriented Gradients

This paper presents a real-time Human detection algorithm based on HOG (Histograms of Oriented Gradients) features and SVM (Support Vector Machine) architecture. Motion detection is used to extract moving regions, which can be scanned by sliding windows; detecting moving region can subtract unnecessary sliding windows of static background regions under the surveillance conditions, then detection efficiency can be improved. Every sliding window is regarded as an individual image region and HOG features are calculated as classified eigenvectors. At last, the detected video objects can be categorized into pre-defined groups of humans and other objects by using SVM classifier. Experimental results from real-time video are provided which demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Biexciton creation and recombination in a GaAs quantum well.

The conditions required for the generation of biexcitons in quantum wells are discussed, and a model line shape for biexciton recombination is fitted to observed biexciton photoluminescence spectra. It is shown that the biexciton density at a given optical injection rate is much enhanced by resonant generation at either the light-hole or the heavy-hole exciton. Unlike the case of silicon, the biexciton density is found not to vary as the square of the exciton density and this is attributed in part to the short lifetime of the excitons and biexcitons.
Electron-ion relaxation in a plasma interacting with an intense laser field.

The effect of an external high-frequency electromagnetic field on the electron-ion energy exchange rate in a plasma is considered. Particular consideration is given to very high intensities of the laser field and explicit analytical formulas are obtained for this case. The implication of the present approach for the more simple case of electron heating is also briefly considered. For practical use, simple interpolation formulas for the variation rate of the ion and electron temperatures are suggested, describing the entire region from zero intensity to extremely high intensities below the relativistic threshold.
BER-based vs. game-theoretic power allocation strategies for multiuser MISO systems

Motivated by the extensive use of game-theoretic strategies for uplink power control in CDMA, we compare in this paper a strategy based on the widespread utility function used in the literature with other traditional schemes based on the BER. Here, we focus on the downlink of a communication system. Basically, that utility function is a ratio between the frame success rate and the used power. It is shown in this paper that the strategy maximizing the utility implies a higher error rate than for other classical schemes, which was not shown in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Finally, we briefly discuss the usefulness of pricing mechanisms in a game-theoretic formulation of the power control.
MaltOptimizer: An Optimization Tool for MaltParser

Data-driven systems for natural language processing have the advantage that they can easily be ported to any language or domain for which appropriate training data can be found. However, many data-driven systems require careful tuning in order to achieve optimal performance, which may require specialized knowledge of the system. We present MaltOptimizer, a tool developed to facilitate optimization of parsers developed using MaltParser, a data-driven dependency parser generator. MaltOptimizer performs an analysis of the training data and guides the user through a three-phase optimization process, but it can also be used to perform completely automatic optimization. Experiments show that MaltOptimizer can improve parsing accuracy by up to 9 percent absolute (labeled attachment score) compared to default settings. During the demo session, we will run MaltOptimizer on different data sets (user-supplied if possible) and show how the user can interact with the system and track the improvement in parsing accuracy.
On-road precise vehicle detection system using ROI estimation

In this paper, we propose a new on-road vehicle detection system. Appearance of vehicles in image has various ratios because of its many kinds of models such as sedan, SUV and truck. For this reason, using ROI with fixed ratio can cause the degradation for detecting vehicles of various models. To solve this problem, we propose a new vehicle detection system using estimating ratio of vehicles. The proposed method estimates the ratio of vehicle ROI and extracted feature based evaluated ratio. It shows robust detection performance for various vehicle models because it extracts the feature from compact ROI with exact vehicle size. In our experiments, histogram of oriented histogram (HOG) feature and support vector machine (SVM) are used for the vehicle detection system. In order to evaluate the detection performance, the Pittsburgh dataset including various vehicle models such as sedan, SUV, truck and bus is used. In this dataset, it is shown that the proposed method is more robust than previous works to detect various vehicle models.
Surface Wrinkles for Smart Adhesion

to develop synthetic analogs as“smart” adhesives, that is, where the geometry of the patternscan tailor the adhesion of the material. However, there arecurrently two limitations in the design of patterned adhesives.First, because of either materials selection or geometric de-sign, the adhesive properties are not always reversible overthe course of multiple attachment–detachment cycles.