Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Apprendre à lire à l'école

Reconcilier parents et enseignants autour de la lecture. Ce livre a deux ambitions : • expliquer aux parents comment l’ecole s’y prend pour enseigner la lecture a leurs enfants au cours preparatoire ; • aider les enseignants a dialoguer avec les familles en rendant plus comprehensibles leurs pratiques pedagogiques. Les auteurs s’attachent a decrire la diversite des pratiques mises en œuvre dans les classes en abordant toutes les composantes de l’enseignement de la langue ecrite. Pour depasser les oppositions simplistes de methodes, ils comparent et expliquent les choix contrastes que les maitres operent dans le respect des programmes nationaux. Sans jargon, ils rendent compte de la complexite d’un apprentissage qui s’avere delicat pour une partie des eleves quand l’ecole ne joue pas pleinement son role. Soucieux de sortir des polemiques qui ont cree une grande confusion et accru l’inquietude de tous, ils redonnent confiance dans le travail des enseignants en le rendant plus transparent. En fin d’ouvrage, ils donnent des conseils concrets aux parents soucieux d’accompagner leur enfant dans cet apprentissage.
Genetic Fine Structure of the Leucine Operon of Escherichia coli K-12

The order of mutational sites in 10 independently isolated leucine auxotrophys of Escherichia coli K-12 was determined by three-point reciprocal transductions. The sites of mutation mapped in linear sequence in a cluster; all leucine auxotrophic mutations were cotransducible with mutations in the arabinose operon. The mutations were assigned to four complementation groups by abortive transduction tests, designated D, C, B, and A, reading in a clockwise direction from the arabinose operon. Enzyme analyses showed that strains with a mutation in gene A lacked α-isopropylmalate synthetase activity (EC 4.1.3), and those with a mutation in gene B lacked β-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1). It is concluded that the gross structure of the leucine operon in E. coli is closely similar to, if not identical with, the gross structure of the leucine operon in Salmonella typhimurium.
Adaptive light paths generation through full lens model

Photo-realistic image synthesis using full lens model provides us with realistic lens effects, but it suffers from low rendering efficiency when many light paths are obstructed by lens stops and lens barrel. This paper proposes a novel method to generate light paths, along which rays can propagate through the lens system. As a first step, a light passage function is defined as the objective function for sampling light paths. The sampling is implemented in a hypercube space, by means of both adaptive Markov chain sampling and interacting Markov chain Monte Carlo. Then light paths are constructed based on these samples. This approach can be easily incorporated in existing rendering methods to trace rays through a full lens model. Experimental results show that this approach can effectively increase the number of valid rays which can go through the lens system, therefore improving the rendering efficiency.
Flow Competition between Hepatic Arterial and Portal Venous flow during Hypothermic Machine Perfusion Preservation of Porcine Livers

Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) is regarded as a better preservation method for donor livers than cold storage. During HMP, livers are perfused through the inlet blood vessels, namely the hepatic artery (HA) and the portal vein (PV). In previous HMP feasibility studies of porcine and human livers, we observed that the PV flow decreased while the HA flow increased. This flow competition restored either spontaneously or by lowering the HA pressure (PHA). Since this phenomenon had never been observed before and because it affects the HMP stability, it is essential to gain more insight into the determinants of flow competition. To this end, we investigated the influence of the HMP boundary conditions on liver flows during controlled experiments. This paper presents the flow effects induced by increasing PHA and by obstructing the outlet blood vessel, which is the vena cava inferior (VCI). Flow competition was evoked by increasing PHA to 55–70 mmHg, as well as by obstructing the VCI. Remarkably, a severe obstruction resulted in a repetitive and alternating tradeoff between the HA and PV flows. These phenomena could be related to intra-sinusoidal pressure alterations. Consequently, a higher PHA is most likely transmitted to the sinusoidal level. This increased sinusoidal pressure reduces the pressure drop between the PV and the sinusoids, leading to a decreased PV perfusion. Flow competition has not been encountered or evoked under physiological conditions and should be taken into account for the design of liver HMP protocols. Nevertheless, more research is necessary to determine the optimal parameters for stable HMP.
Structures of partridge egg‐white lysozyme with and without tri‐N‐acetylchitotriose inhibitor at 1.9 Å resolution

The three‐dimensional structures of native partridge egg‐white lysozyme (PEWL) and PEWL complexed with tri‐N‐acetylchitotriose inhibitor have been determined crystallographically and refined at 1.9 Å resolution. Crystals of native and complexed protein are isomorphous and have space group and cell dimensions that are identical to those of hen egg‐white lysozyme (HEWL) under similar crystallization conditions. Full occupancy of the trisac‐charide in the inhibitor complex has allowed definitive modeling and refinement of all three sugar residues, located at subsites A, B, and C in the PEWL active site. A comparison has been made with HEWL/inhibitor complexes in which coordinates were either not refined (Blake CCF, et al., 1967, Proc R Soc B 167:378–388) or were refined at partial occupancy (Cheetham JC, Artymiuk PJ, Phillips DC, 1992, J Mol Biol 224:613–628). Although the loop comprising residues 70–75 is located on the surface of the protein and not near the active site, it appears to be affected indirectly by trisaccharide binding such that the loop shifts toward the active site and becomes relatively immobilized. The source of this loop movement appears to be the anchoring of Trp 62, located in the active site cleft, as it forms a hydrogen bond with O6 of the N‐acetylglucosamine at site C. Good electron density for the trisaccharide in the PEWL complex structure shows that Asp 101 is involved in hydrogen bonding interactions with the terminal sugar residue.
CARET model checking for pushdown systems

CARET (A temporal logic of calls and returns) was introduced by Alur et al. This logic allows to write linear temporal logic formulas while taking into account matching of calls and returns. However, CARET model checking for Push-down Systems (PDSs) was never considered in the literature. Previous works only dealt with the model checking problem for Recursive State Machine (RSMs). While RSMs are a good formalism to model sequential programs written in structured programming languages like C or Java, they become non suitable for modeling binary or assembly programs, since, in these programs, explicit push and pop of the stack can occur. Thus, it is very important to have a CARET model checking algorithm for PDSs. We tackle this problem in this paper. We also consider CARET model checking with regular valuations, where the set of configurations in which an atomic proposition holds is a regular language. We reduce these problems to the emptiness problem of Btlchi Pushdown Systems. We implemented our technique in a tool, and we applied it to different case studies. Our results are encouraging. In particular, we were able to apply our tool to detect several malwares.
Power Oscillation Damping Improvement by Adding Multiple Wind Farms to Wide-Area Coordinating Controls

This paper examines the feasibility of coordinating variable-speed wind farms with other power system devices, such as flexible ac transmission systems and synchronous generators, to damp low-frequency oscillations. For this purpose, an observer-based state-feedback approach is used to build a power oscillation damping (POD) controller, implemented through coordinated actions of multiple control devices, and able to manage several measurement channels. The wide-area POD controller also presents a time-delay compensation stage to mitigate adverse effects of latency involved in wide-area communication systems. Several practical issues are discussed and analyzed, such as measurement and control selection, model-order reduction, transmission time-delay compensation, impact of the POD control on wind farms, and robustness aspects. The control performance is evaluated and compared with other control schemes using eigenvalue analyses and nonlinear time-domain simulations over a wide range of operating conditions, for example, severe system faults, N - 1 outage contingencies, load/generation shedding, and line tripping.
Distance-Dependent Distributed Directories

Abstract Distributed systems often make use of directory servers enabling the storage and retrieval of global information in the network. In many practical situations, the data are directly related to particular sites of the network, and therefore the desired retrieval characteristics are dependent on the network topology; for example, priority is given to having high accessibility to data generated in nearby locations. This paper defines the concept of distance-dependent directories, and then proposes appropriate accessibility measures and presents strategies for constructing such directories. The construction methods are based on efficient solutions to a new type of graph-covering problem. As an application, it is shown how to use a distance-dependent directory to implement a name-server component for a routing scheme.
Improved Gaussian mixture model with expectation-maximization for clustering of remote sensing imagery

This paper presents an approach for improving performances of the unsupervised classification (clustering) in remote sensing imagery by proposing a technique to combine the classical techniques of K-means clustering and the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) with expectation-maximization (EM). The proposed model means to apply firstly K-means clustering, and to use the result of this technique to compute means μk, covariance matrices Σk and mixing coefficients πk, considered as initialization parameters for the next stage of GMM-EM. The performances of the proposed algorithm for remote sensing image classification using a LANDSAT 7 ETM+ dataset are evaluated. The proposed combined clustering model K-means+GMM-EM, has led to a significant improvement in performance over any of the two single clustering techniques K-means and GMM-EMM.
Toward a virtual politicking model

Virtual politicking is the use of email to support organizational politics. Surprisingly, despite the proliferation of email, its role in enabling political maneuvering is just starting to be acknowledged by managers and information systems practitioners. The Virtual Politicking Model detailed in this article synthesizes data from a series of real-life incidents in which email was used for political manipulation within and between organizations. The discussion illustrates the impact that email can have on life at work, alerting managers and practitioners to both its promise and its dangers.
A novel design method of microstrip dual-band filter using feed line with SIR

In this paper, a new design method of the dual-band bandpass filter which consists of Stepped-Impedance Resonators (SIRs), Open-Loop Ring Resonators (OLRRs) and feed lines with SIRs is proposed. The length of feed line with SIR electrically becomes half wavelength at the first resonance frequency and one wavelength at the second resonance frequency, and so the size of filter may be reduced. And to improve the attenuation at the stopband and minimize the coupling between the first band resonator and the second band resonator, the second harmonic frequency of the SIR constituting the first band resonator may be moved out of operating frequency range. The proposed design method may be confirmed to be useful from measured results for dual-band bandpass filter operated at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz.
Neural Controller Design-Based Adaptive Control for Nonlinear MIMO Systems With Unknown Hysteresis Inputs

This paper studies an adaptive neural control for nonlinear multiple-input multiple-output systems in interconnected form. The studied systems are composed of ${N}$ subsystems in pure feedback structure and the interconnection terms are contained in every equation of each subsystem. Moreover, the studied systems consider the effects of Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) hysteresis model. It is for the first time to study the control problem for such a class of systems. In addition, the proposed scheme removes an important assumption imposed on the previous works that the bounds of the parameters in PI hysteresis are known. The radial basis functions neural networks are employed to approximate unknown functions. The adaptation laws and the controllers are designed by employing the backstepping technique. The closed-loop system can be proven to be stable by using Lyapunov theorem. A simulation example is studied to validate the effectiveness of the scheme.
F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma of the Skull

We report the case of a 32 year-old male with Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma of the skull, which was imaged with both [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and Gallium-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (Ga-RGD) PET/CT. The F-FDG PET/CT did not demonstrate the tumour, whereas the Ga-RGD PET/CT clearly depicted a left-sided frontal tumour. Ga-RGD PET/CT may be a clinically useful imaging modality for early detection of recurrent osteosarcoma, considering the limitations of F-FDG PET in a setting of low glycolytic activity.
Semantic MEDLINE: A web application for managing the results of PubMed searches

We describe Semantic MEDLINE, a Web application that manages the results of PubMed searches by summarizing and visualizing semantic predications extracted from MEDLINE citations and linking them to several structured resources to provide an integrated environment. To demonstrate its utility, we present a scenario in which we use Semantic MEDLINE to gain insights into relaxin, a hormone whose function in humans has not been fully elucidated. We propose Semantic MEDLINE as an enabling information resource and exploration tool for biomedical scientists, health care professionals, and consumers. (For access, send email to trindflesch@mail.nih.gov).
Predicting the Popularity of News Based on Competitive Matrix

With the rapid development of network, more and more people share and comment on the web to express their mends. How to predict the popularity of topic happening recently is a hot topic and lots of people are trying to find out the law of information diffusion hidden in it. However, many models assume that information spreads with no external interference in social networks. The research on competitive diffusion is still at the primary stage. The main contribution is to solve the problem that there are few or no work for popularity prediction based on multi-information, and propose a predicting model based on competitive matrix. The goal of this paper is to accurately estimate the popularity for a given viral topic at final based on the observation of historical popularity of the topic. And this model is mainly based on the competitive matrix and gradient descent method. Also, the capability of this method provides a better performance in the popularity prediction according to an empirical study on Tencent News.
Theory of antimicrobial combinations: biocide mixtures - synergy or addition?

AIMS To demonstrate the effect that non-linear dose responses have on the appearance of synergy in mixtures of antimicrobials. METHODS AND RESULTS A mathematical model, which allows the prediction of the efficacy of mixtures of antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses, was produced. The efficacy of antimicrobial mixtures that would be classified as synergistic by time-kill methodology was shown to be a natural consequence of combining antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of admixtures of biocides and other antimicrobials with non-linear dose responses can be predicted. If the dose response (or dilution coefficient) of any biocidal component, in a mixture, is other than one, then the time-kill methodology used to ascertain the existence of synergy in antimicrobial combinations is flawed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The kinetic model developed allows the prediction of the efficacy of antimicrobial combinations. Combinations of known antimicrobials, which reduce the time taken to achieve a specified level of microbial inactivation, can be easily assessed once the kinetic profile of each component has been obtained. Most patented cases of antimicrobial synergy have not taken into account the possible effect of non-linear dose responses of the component materials. That much of the earlier literature can now be predicted, suggests that future cases will require more thorough proof of the alleged synergy.
Exotic grasses and nitrate enrichment alter soil carbon cycling along an urban–rural tropical forest gradient

Urban areas are expanding rapidly in tropical regions, with potential to alter ecosystem dynamics. In particular, exotic grasses and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition simultaneously affect tropical urbanized landscapes, with unknown effects on properties like soil carbon (C) storage. We hypothesized that (H1) soil nitrate (NO3−) is elevated nearer to the urban core, reflecting N deposition gradients. (H2) Exotic grasslands have elevated soil NO3− and decreased soil C relative to secondary forests, with higher N promoting decomposer activity. (H3) Exotic grasslands have greater seasonality in soil NO3− vs. secondary forests, due to higher sensitivity of grassland soil moisture to rainfall. We predicted that NO3− would be positively related to dissolved organic C (DOC) production via changes in decomposer activity. We measured six paired grassland/secondary forest sites along a tropical urban‐to‐rural gradient during the three dominant seasons (hurricane, dry, and early wet). We found that (1) soil NO3− was generally elevated nearer to the urban core, with particularly clear spatial trends for grasslands. (2) Exotic grasslands had lower soil C than secondary forests, which was related to elevated decomposer enzyme activities and soil respiration. Unexpectedly, soil NO3− was negatively related to enzyme activities, and was lower in grasslands than forests. (3) Grasslands had greater soil NO3− seasonality vs. forests, but this was not strongly linked to shifts in soil moisture or DOC. Our results suggest that exotic grasses in tropical regions are likely to drastically reduce soil C storage, but that N deposition may have an opposite effect via suppression of enzyme activities. However, soil NO3− accumulation here was higher in urban forests than grasslands, potentially related to of aboveground N interception. Net urban effects on C storage across tropical landscapes will likely vary depending on the mosaic of grass cover, rates of N deposition, and responses by local decomposer communities.
The Personality Context of Relational Aggression: A Five-Factor Model Profile Analysis

Relational aggression (RAgg) is a form of behavior intended to damage the victim’s social status or interpersonal relationships through the use of purposeful interpersonal manipulation or social exclusion (Archer & Coyne, 2005). RAgg is impairing, stable, and largely defined by dysfunctional patterns of interpersonal interactions—all of which invokes comparisons to personality and, more specifically, personality pathology. Leveraging research using the Five Factor Model (FFM) in personality disorder (PD) work, the present study aims to understand the personality context of RAgg by applying this FFM profile approach in 2 ways: (a) by compiling a personality profile of RAgg based on a thorough review of the relevant literature and (b) by compiling a personality profile of RAgg based on expert ratings (N = 19). We then compared these profiles to each other and to existing personality profiles of Cluster B PDs to examine how RAgg fits into the personality space represented by Cluster B PDs. These analyses indicate that both FFM profiles of RAgg show substantial overlap with the FFM profile of narcissistic PD. The present study has important implications for bridging disjointed domains of research on personality pathology and RAgg and underscores the relevance of RAgg for early emergence of PD characteristics.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction and Image Processing in Mandibular Distraction Planning

Mandible or facial bone reconstruction is a serious challenge in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Careful presurgical planning or availability of objective methods to evaluate the three-dimensional (3-D) shape of the patient mandible is necessary to achieve predictable outcomes. The aim of this paper is to apply 3-D techniques of volumetric reconstruction and image processing for planning distraction osteogenesis of the mandible, involving the use of 3-D modeling. To accomplish this task, suitable two-dimensional (2-D)-to-3-D image processing is used in order to obtain a 3-D model of the mandible from standard 2-D computed tomography images. The goal of this paper is to provide the surgeon with a 3-D model of the patient mandible, where it would be possible to find, in the presurgical phase, the exact point of implant with respect to the patient's anatomy and to build a custom-made prosthesis that properly fits the bone surface of the patient for correct control of the vector during the progressive traction of the bone segments
Trends in pregnancy rates for the United States, 1976-97: an update.

OBJECTIVES This report presents detailed pregnancy rates for 1996 and 1997 to update a recently published comprehensive report on pregnancies and pregnancy rates for U.S. women. METHODS Tabular and graphic data on pregnancy rates by age, race, and Hispanic origin, and by marital status are presented and described. RESULTS In 1997 an estimated 6.19 million pregnancies resulted in 3.88 million live births, 1.33 million induced abortions, and 0.98 million fetal losses. The 1997 pregnancy rate of 103.7 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years is the lowest recorded since 1976 (102.7), the first year for which a consistent series of national pregnancy rates is available. The 1997 rate was 10 percent lower than the peak rate in 1990 (115.6). The teenage pregnancy rate dropped steadily through 1997, falling to a record low of 94.3 pregnancies per 1,000 teenagers 15-19 years, 19 percent below the 1990 level (116.3). Rates for younger teenagers declined more than for older teenagers.
The Comparison of Distributed P2P Trust Models Based on Quantitative Parameters in the File Downloading Scenarios

Varied P2P trust models have been proposed recently; it is necessary to develop an effective method to evaluate these trust models to resolve the commonalities guiding the newly generated trust models in theory and individuality assisting a decision maker in choosing an optimal trust model to implement in specific context issues. A new method for analyzing and comparing P2P trust models based on hierarchical parameters quantization in the file downloading scenarios is proposed in this paper. Several parameters are extracted from the functional attributes and quality feature of trust relationship, as well as requirements from the specific network context and the evaluators. Several distributed P2P trust models are analyzed quantitatively with extracted parameters modeled into a hierarchical model. The fuzzy inferring method is applied to the hierarchical modeling of parameters to fuse the evaluated values of the candidate trust models, and then the relative optimal one is selected based on the sorted overall quantitative values. Finally, analyses and simulation are performed. The results show that the proposed method is reasonable and effective compared with the previous algorithms.