Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the use of amplitude shaping pulses as windows for harmonic analysis

In this paper, we propose the use of shaping pulses as flat top windows for accurate amplitude and phase estimation from periodic signals in power systems. The intention is to eliminate the amplitude correction required to compensate the short-range leakage produced by nonflat-mainlobe windows in case of asynchronous sampling. The performance of the standard rise cosine filter, a generalized raised-cosine filter and a Hanning window, all of them with the same bandwidth, is compared in the simulation results. It is concluded that the accuracy of the estimates provided by the shaping pulses without amplitude compensation in the asynchronous case is relatively better than that of the amplitude compensated estimates obtained with the Hanning window. The generalized raised-cosine filter can achieve lower sidelobe levels but it does not improve the accuracy of the amplitude estimates of the standard raised-cosine filter.
Treatment of Ipsilateral Distal Humerus and Diaphyseal Ulna Fractures by Using an Olecranon Osteotomy and Intramedullary Nail

Objective: To evaluate the results of treatment of an osteotomy of the olecranon and an ulnar diaphyseal fracture with a single nail, in cases with an ipsilateral ulnar diaphyseal fracture and a comminuted fracture of the distal humerus. Design: Retrospective clinical study. Setting: University-affiliated teaching hospital. Patients: Eight patients with comminuted fractures of the distal humerus and ipsilateral ulnar diaphyseal fractures were included. Intervention: Using a transolecranon approach, internal fixation of the distal humeral fracture with medial and lateral plates was performed. The ulnar diaphyseal fracture and additional osteotomy were fixed using a locked intramedullary nail. Subjective pain assessment was performed by using a visual analog scale (VAS). Results: There were 6 (75%) male and 2 (25%) female patients, with a mean age of 40.9 (range, 32–56) years. The mean follow-up period was 24.6 (range, 12–36) months. All patients achieved union of the ulnar diaphyseal fracture and olecranon osteotomy. Union of the distal humeral fracture was observed in 7 (87.5%) patients. The mean time to union was 16.3 (range, 12–22) weeks, mean visual analog scale score was 1.8 (range, 0–3), median elbow performance score was 85 (range, 70–95), and median disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score was 17.9 (range, 5–45.8). Conclusions: Osteotomy of the olecranon and ulnar diaphyseal fracture using an intramedullary nail was a cosmetically advantageous and safe technique that enabled rehabilitation during the early postoperative period. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Person Recognition and Approach Behaviors Among Individuals With Probable Alzheimer's Disease

Sixteen residents at a group home for individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease took part in a person-recognition study. The stimulus was an unfamiliar individual to whom they were exposed for 8 weeks. For nine participants, approach tendency increased from Week 1 to the end of Week 4. Neither total time of exposure to a new person, nor cognitive status (by Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score) predicted changes in approach behaviors over time. An innovative strategy for indexing person recognition is presented for possible use in future research studies with larger samples.
How the driver wants to be driven - Modelling driving styles in highly automated driving

— In recent years considerable research has been carried out in the field of autonomous driving as it opens up new opportunities for individual mobility. The increasing level of automation associated with changes in the driver’s role from active to passive raises new questions of driver-vehicle-interaction. This research focuses on a fundamental aspect of this change: Is it possible to model a customized automated driving style based on manual driving that makes the driving experience comfortable for the driver? A driving style experienced as comfortable is a basic condition for the wide acceptance of automated driving. Two studies will be presented in an overview. First, a driving simulator study was used to derive driving parameters to provide an automated driving style experienced as comfortable. Some of the thereby found parameters essential for the perceived comfort like acceleration and braking is tested in a subsequent field study on the test track Sachsenring. Preliminary results indicate that driving parameters concerning longitudinal control have a high impact on subjectively perceived comfort.
Multiple-model off-line predictive control for fast time-varying systems

To track the wide range of operating points of fast time-varying processes, a novel multiple model off-line predictive control algorithm is presented. The proposed method is a combination of multiple model strategy and predictive control. Firstly, we locally describe the original nonlinear system around an operating point employing linear time varying (LTV) model. Then the offline model predictive control (OMPC) algorithm is adopted to design local controller for LTV model, whose low computation burden makes it be able to control the fast time-varying process. To track the wide range of operating point, the multiple-model strategy is exploited. By estimating the stable region of local OMPC and selecting appropriate middle operating points, the stable switch between controllers can be guaranteed. Finally, a numerical simulation is given to illustrate the implementation and effectiveness of the proposed method.
An Efficient Spam Filtering Algorithm Based on NPE

With the popularization of the Internet, it is challenging to develop spam filters that can effectively eliminate the increasing volumes of unwanted mails automatically before they enter a user's mailbox. To efficiently solve the spam filtering problems, a spam mail filtering method based on neighborhood preserving embedding (NPE) and support vector machines (SVM) classifier is proposed in this paper. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other related spam filtering methods.
Glaucoma prevalence in the Nordic countries

Abstract. Glaucoma prevalences in the 5 Nordic countries are estimated on basis of a) wholesale of glaucoma medicaments (Denmark, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) and b) registered glaucoma patients receiving free medication (Finland). Prevalences are compared nationally and internationally. The estimated glaucoma prevalence is highest in Norway (2.19% related to the population > 40 years), lowest in Denmark (0.76% in the same age group). The prevalences in Iceland, Finland, and Sweden are 2.0, 1.94, and 1.55%, respectively. We suggest that the relatively large differences in glaucoma prevalence between the countries may be explained by geographical differences in occurrence of capsular glaucoma. The sources of error concerning prevalence estimates based on glaucoma drug consumption are discussed. Pre‐supposing a balance numerically between undetected glaucoma cases and patients receiving glaucoma medication without really having glaucoma, the glaucoma drug sales statistics may be taken as fair indicators of glaucoma prevalence.
[Detection of cord factor for the presumptive identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex].

OBJECTIVE Virulent strains of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, under certain appropriate conditions, grow as characteristic ropes, bundles or serpentine cords known as cord factor or growth in cords. The objective of the present study was to evaluate cord factor detection as a method of achieving presumptive identification of the M. tuberculosis complex, comparing it to conventional typing tests. METHODS A total of 743 strains were analyzed from January of 2002 to December of 2005 in the Mycobacteria Sector of the Adolfo Lutz Institute, located in the city of Santos, Brazil. Samples were obtained from clinical specimens collected from patients with respiratory symptoms treated at basic health clinics in the greater metropolitan area of Santos. Ziehl-Neelsen-stained smears were prepared, 301 (40.5%) in MB/BacT broth and 442 (59.5%) on solid media, either Lowenstein-Jensen or Ogawa-Kudoh. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value obtained during the performance comparison of the two methods (cord factor detection and conventional typing) using both isolation media were, respectively, 98.5, 88, 97 and 93%. The method was more sensitive on solid medium (100%), and the difference in sensitivity between the two media types was only 2.7%. CONCLUSIONS Taking into consideration the results obtained, we conclude that, in laboratories with a high incidence of M. tuberculosis complex isolation and limited economic resources, cord factor detection is a fast and valid criterion for identifying these mycobacteria using liquid or solid medium. It also enables subsequent conclusive identification tests, as well as additional sensitivity tests when necessary.
Crystal structure of UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase from Haemophilus influenzae in complex with UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine and fosfomycin

Crystal structure of UDP-Nacetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase from Haemophilus influenzae in complex with UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and fosfomycin Hye-Jin Yoon, Sang Jae Lee, Bunzo Mikami, Hyun-Ju Park, Jakyung Yoo, and Se Won Suh* 1Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea 2 Laboratory of Quality Design and Exploitation, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture,
A method for character string extraction using local and global segment crowdedness

We propose a new method for extracting character strings which have various directions and sizes. In our method, we regard a character string as a rectangular region crowded with short segments. Then two kinds of the segment crowdedness (local segment crowdedness and global segment crowdedness) are introduced to extract the rectangular regions (i.e. strings). The method was applied to many images which involve strings in various directions and sizes. The result shows that almost all strings were correctly extracted.
Aggregation of Diffserv Service Classes

In the core of a high-capacity network, service differentiation may still be needed to support applications' utilization of the network. Applications with similar traffic characteristics and performance requirements are mapped into Diffserv service classes based on end- to-end behavior requirements of the applications. However, some network segments may be configured in such a way that a single forwarding treatment may satisfy the traffic characteristics and performance requirements of two or more service classes. In these cases, it may be desirable to aggregate two or more Diffserv service classes into a single forwarding treatment. This document provides guidelines for the aggregation of Diffserv service classes into forwarding treatments. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Factors Influencing Dating Experiences Among African American Emerging Adults

This study examined sociocultural factors that impact dating and sexual experiences of heterosexual African American undergraduate college students attending a historically Black institution in the Southeastern United States. Specifically, mate availability and relationship involvement were analyzed to document students’ experiences, and how these influences may be associated with sexual decision making and behavior. Data from nine focus groups (N = 57) were aggregated and four subthemes were identified: competition among women, acceptability of mates, high prevalence of casual relationships, and lowered expectations for commitment. Power dynamics emerged as a contributing factor to the types of relationship involvement, sexual decision-making, and behavior among participants. The importance of prevention programs focusing on situational and cultural variables is highlighted. Additionally, implications for professionals working with emerging adults to consider the impact of the gender ratio imbalance, and perceived power distributions on perceptions of dating relationships, and sexual decision making and behavior are addressed.
Mobility Sensitivity Analysis for LTE-Advanced HetNet Deployments with Dual Connectivity

A mobility performance sensitivity analysis is presented for Dual Connectivity cases where the users can be served simultaneously by a macro and a small cell. The performance is assessed for the 3GPP generic simulation scenario and for two site-specific cases, with the aim of comparing the results coming from these different scenarios. The site-specific scenarios are based on detailed three-dimensional topography map data and advanced ray-tracing techniques. It is generally found that the first order statistics and overall conclusions are in good alignment for the considered environments. However, there are also a number of differences in the obtained performance results for the different cases, e.g. in terms of small cell time-of-stay statistics. The explicit modeling of streets and building topology, propagation in street canyons, etc., is found to have an important impact on the mobility performance. Especially the time-of-stay statistics and the location of handover failures differ between generic 3GPP case and the site-specific modeling scenarios. So in conclusion, trends and observations from simulations based on the 3GPP scenario are valuable, but should be supplemented by results from site-specific scenarios, as additional performance-determining effects are more accurately represented for such cases.
Global stabilisation of a class of generalised cascaded systems by homogeneous method

ABSTRACT This paper considers the problem of global stabilisation of a class of generalised cascaded systems. By using the extended adding a power integrator technique, a global controller is first constructed for the driving subsystem. Then based on the homogeneous properties and polynomial assumption, it is shown that the stabilisation of the driving subsystem implies the stabilisation of the overall cascaded system. Meanwhile, by properly choosing some control parameters, the global finite-time stability of the closed-loop cascaded system is also established. The proposed control method has several new features. First, the nonlinear cascaded systems considered in the paper are more general than the conventional ones, since the powers in the nominal part of the driving subsystem are not required to be restricted to ratios of positive odd numbers. Second, the proposed method has some flexible parameters which provide the possibility for designing continuously differentiable controllers for cascaded systems, while the existing designed controllers for such kind of cascaded systems are only continuous. Third, the homogenous and polynomial conditions adopted for the driven subsystem are easier to verify when compared with the matching conditions that are widely used previously. Furthermore, the efficiency of the proposed control method is validated by its application to finite-time tracking control of non-holonomic wheeled mobile robot.
Post‐spike excitability indicates changes in membrane potential of isolated C‐fibers

Recording of action potentials from single unmyelinated nerve fibers by microneurography is an important tool to investigate peripheral neural functions in human neuropathies. However, the interpretation of microneurography recordings can be difficult because axonal membrane potential is not revealed by this method. We tested the hypothesis that the recovery cycle of excitability after a single action potential is correlated with changes in the axonal membrane potential. To this end, we used the threshold tracking technique to study how different chemical mediators, with known effects on the membrane potential, influence the post‐spike superexcitability of C‐fiber compound action potentials in isolated rat sural and vagus nerves. We found that: (1) some chemical mediators (e.g., adenosine 5′‐triphosphate) produce a reduction or loss of superexcitability together with increased axonal excitability, indicating membrane depolarization; (2) blockade of axonal hyperpolarization‐activated (Ih) currents produces an enhancement of superexcitability together with a decreased excitability, indicating membrane hyperpolarization; and (3) application of calcium produces an increase in membrane threshold without an alteration in superexcitability, indicating a non‐specific increase in surface charge and a change in the voltage‐dependent activation of sodium channels. In addition, we demonstrated that membrane depolarization and hyperpolarization induce opposite post‐spike latency shifts (changes in supernormality) in rat and human nerve segments. Thus, recordings of post‐spike excitability and shifts in latency are sensitive techniques for detection of various types of neuromodulation, which are correlated with changes in membrane potential of unmyelinated peripheral axons and may help to understand observations obtained by microneurography in peripheral human neuropathies. Muscle Nerve, 2007
Norwegian researchers explore the experiences of young and midlife stroke survivors as they navigate health services and identify their long-term follow-up needs

The aim of this qualitative study was to explore young and midlife stroke survivors’ experiences with the health services and to identify long-term follow-up needs. Sixteen participants from two cohorts were interviewed in-depth. The interviews were analyzed applying a hermeneuticYphenomenological analysis. The participants struggled to gain access to follow-up health services. They felt that whether they were systematically followed up was more coincidental than planned. Young and midlife stroke survivors thus appear vulnerable to falling outside the follow-up system. Those participants who received some follow-up care perceived it as untailored to their specific needs. To be considered supportive, the follow-up programs must be in line with their long-term needs, take into account their particular challenges as young and midlife stroke survivors, and be planned in close collaboration with the individual patient. To secure systematic and follow-up health services tailored to the individual, knowledgeable and committed healthcare professionals should play a prominent role within the community health services.
Development of a retrodirective wireless microwave power transmission system

This paper describes the design of a small-scale system for demonstrating retrodirective wireless power transmission. A solid-state phased array transmitter with retrodirective control drives two 5.8 GHz circular-polarized (CP) transmit antenna subarrays that illuminate a remote CP rectenna array. The total power transmitted is about 40 W. A 2.9 GHz pilot beam projected from the rectenna site is received at the transmit site and processed for retrodirective control of the 5.8 GHz transmitter.
Sense of Community: A Missing Link to Understand Users' Performance in Firm-hosted Online Communities

We extended the current research stream about online communities by introducing sense of community as a new construct to understand the motivations of online collective and relational actions and highlight users’ loyal promotion to both the online community and the host firm. In addition, through the lens of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), membership performance was presented as a form of users’ voluntary participation, voluntary cooperation, and firm-hosted loyalty, indicating users’ total contribution to the online community and the host firm. We then examined the relationships between membership performance and its potential drivers. The research model was empirically tested using self-reported data from 247 users of four firm-hosted online communities. Overall, we found that sense of community, trust in the host firm, and community loyalty have either full or partial effects on membership performance.
Exploring the Persistence of Stream-Dwelling Trout Populations under Alternative Real-World Turbidity Regimes with an Individual-Based Model

Abstract We explored the effects of elevated turbidity on stream-resident populations of coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii using a spatially explicit individual-based model. Turbidity regimes were contrasted by means of 15-year simulations in a third-order stream in northwestern California. The alternative regimes were based on multiple-year, continuous monitoring in two streams. Turbidity affected model fish by reducing both their risk of predation and their reactive distance to drifting prey. It did not affect their ability to locate nondrifting food, such as invertebrates on the stream bottom. Under a calibration scenario that assumed trout predominantly consume drifting prey, the less-turbid real-world regime produced relatively stable abundance across years (similar to field observations) whereas the more-turbid regime (under otherwise identical physical conditions) resulted in extinction within the 15-year simulation period. Additional simulations revealed sensitivity to the relat.
Prolonged Metabolic Correction in Adult Ornithine Transcarbamylase-deficient Mice with Adenoviral Vectors (*)

A murine model of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency was used in this study to evaluate the efficacy of recombinant adenoviruses for correcting the metabolic defect in liver. Recombinant adenoviruses deleted in E1 and containing a human OTC cDNA expressed little functional OTC enzyme in vivo and had no observable impact on the underlying metabolic abnormalities of the OTC-deficient mouse (i.e. elevated urinary orotate and serum glutamine). E1-deleted vectors were improved through the use of the strong constitutive promoter from cytomegalovirus driving the normal murine homolog of OTC cDNA and the ablation of E2a with a temperature-sensitive mutation. Infusion of this improved vector into the mouse model was associated with a complete normalization of liver OTC enzyme activity that persisted for at least 2 months with complete but transient correction in serum glutamine and urine orotic acid. These studies illustrate the utility of improved adenoviral vectors in the treatment of liver metabolic disease.
EnhancedPictorial Structures for Precise Eye Localization Under Uncontrolled Conditions

In this paper, we present an enhanced Pictorial Structure (PS) model for precise eye localization, a fundamental problem involved in many face processing tasks. PS is a computationally efficient framework for part-based object modelling. For face images taken under uncontrolled conditions, however, the traditional PS model is not flexible enough for handling the complicated appearance and structural variations. To extend PS, we 1) propose a discriminative PS model for a more accurate part localization when appearance changes seriously, 2) introduce a series of global constraints to improve the robustness against scale, rotation and translation, and 3) adopt a heuristic prediction method to address the difficulty of eye localization with partial occlusion. Experimental results on the challenging LFW (Labeled Face in the Wild) database show that our model can locate eyes accurately and efficiently under a broad range of uncontrolled variations involving poses, expressions, lightings, camera qualities, occlusions, etc.