Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Treatment for Dentine Cavities with Intraoral Laser Ablation Method Using an Er:YAG Laser

Once tooth decay reaches to the inside of dentin, the damage remains permanently. Therefore, the restoration of dentin is important in dental treatment. In the present study, we newly proposed a tooth restoration technique with intraoral laser ablation method. A thin layer of a-tricalcium phosphate (a-TCP) was deposited on dentin surface in the atmosphere by ablation phenomenon using an Er:YAG (Erbium: Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet) laser irradiated to the target of a-TCP. Then, the deposited layer was hydrolyzed by dripping pure water on its surface in order to create hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating. Interface structure between the HAp coating and dentin surface was observed by a scanning electron microscope. Electron micrographs showed that the HAp layer of 10-20 mm in thickness was formed on the dentin surface. Moreover, dentinal tubules were sealed with the HAp particles. These results indicate that our newly proposed technique is useful for the treatment of dentin cavities.
Video analysis for Yellow Box Junction violation: Requirements, challenges and solutions

In recent years, a series of efforts have been undertaken in order to bring more intelligence to the public transportations of smart cities to solve essential problems like traffic management for public safety, smart traffic monitoring and congestion management. In this paper, we propose solutions for the Yellow Box Junction violation in order to reduce traffic congestion on roads by using video analytic techniques and a model for traffic monitoring using a single and dual camera (Fixed and PTZ Camera) as master-slave control. This paper highlights the major challenges related to computer vision which are encountered in the design of traffic management systems. Further enhancement in traffic management can be done by designing efficient feature extraction, tracking and recognition algorithms that can help in improving the classification results of the proposed system.
A measurement study of Internet bottlenecks

Recent advances in Internet measurement tools have made it possible to locate bottleneck links that constrain the available bandwidth of Internet paths. In this paper, we provide a detailed study of Internet path bottlenecks. We focus on the following four aspects: the persistence of bottleneck location, the sharing of bottlenecks among destination clusters, the packet loss and queueing delay of bottleneck links, and the relationship with router and link properties, including router CPU load, router memory load, link traffic load, and link capacity. We find that 20% - 30% of the source-destination pairs in our measurement have a persistent bottleneck; fewer than 10% of the destinations in a prefix cluster share a bottleneck more than half of the time; 60% of the bottlenecks on lossy paths can be correlated with a loss point no more than 2 hops away; and bottlenecks can be clearly correlated with link load, while presenting no strong relationship with link capacity, router CPU and memory load.
Transgenic Mice for Real-Time Visualization of cGMP in Intact Adult Cardiomyocytes

Rationale: 3′,5′-Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an important second messenger that regulates cardiac contractility and protects the heart from hypertrophy. However, because of the lack of real-time imaging techniques, specific subcellular mechanisms and spatiotemporal dynamics of cGMP in adult cardiomyocytes are not well understood. Objective: Our aim was to generate and characterize a novel cGMP sensor model to measure cGMP with nanomolar sensitivity in adult cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results: We generated transgenic mice with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of the highly sensitive cytosolic Förster resonance energy transfer–based cGMP biosensor red cGES-DE5 and performed the first Förster resonance energy transfer measurements of cGMP in intact adult mouse ventricular myocytes. We found very low (≈10 nmol/L) basal cytosolic cGMP levels, which can be markedly increased by natriuretic peptides (C-type natriuretic peptide >> atrial natriuretic peptide) and, to a much smaller extent, by the direct stimulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase. Constitutive activity of this cyclase contributes to basal cGMP production, which is balanced by the activity of clinically established phosphodiesterase (PDE) families. The PDE3 inhibitor, cilostamide, showed especially strong cGMP responses. In a mild model of cardiac hypertrophy after transverse aortic constriction, PDE3 effects were not affected, whereas the contribution of PDE5 was increased. In addition, after natriuretic peptide stimulation, PDE3 was also involved in cGMP/cAMP crosstalk. Conclusions: The new sensor model allows visualization of real-time cGMP dynamics and pharmacology in intact adult cardiomyocytes. Förster resonance energy transfer imaging suggests the importance of well-established and potentially novel PDE-dependent mechanisms that regulate cGMP under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
Structure of the θ Subunit of Escherichia coli DNA Polymerase III in Complex with the ε Subunit

ABSTRACT The catalytic core of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III contains three tightly associated subunits, the α, ε, and θ subunits. The θ subunit is the smallest and least understood subunit. The three-dimensional structure of θ in a complex with the unlabeled N-terminal domain of the ε subunit, ε186, was determined by multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure was refined using pseudocontact shifts that resulted from inserting a lanthanide ion (Dy3+, Er3+, or Ho3+) at the active site of ε186. The structure determination revealed a three-helix bundle fold that is similar to the solution structures of θ in a methanol-water buffer and of the bacteriophage P1 homolog, HOT, in aqueous buffer. Conserved nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) patterns obtained for free and complexed θ show that most of the structure changes little upon complex formation. Discrepancies with respect to a previously published structure of free θ (Keniry et al., Protein Sci. 9:721-733, 2000) were attributed to errors in the latter structure. The present structure satisfies the pseudocontact shifts better than either the structure of θ in methanol-water buffer or the structure of HOT. satisfies these shifts. The epitope of ε186 on θ was mapped by NOE difference spectroscopy and was found to involve helix 1 and the C-terminal part of helix 3. The pseudocontact shifts indicated that the helices of θ are located about 15 Å or farther from the lanthanide ion in the active site of ε186, in agreement with the extensive biochemical data for the θ-ε system.
Deriving music theme annotations from user tags

Music theme annotations would be really beneficial for supporting retrieval, but are often neglected by users while annotating. Thus, in order to support users in tagging and to fill the gaps in the tag space, in this paper we develop algorithms for recommending theme annotations. Our methods exploit already existing user tags, the lyrics of music tracks, as well as combinations of both. We compare the results for our recommended theme annotations against genre and style recommendations - a much easier and already studied task. We evaluate the quality of our recommended tags against an expert ground truth data set. Our results are promising and provide interesting insights into possible extensions for music tagging systems to support music search.
Error estimation, error correction and verification in quantum key distribution

The authors consider error correction in quantum key distribution. To avoid that Alice and Bob unwittingly end up with different keys, precautions must be taken. Before running the error correction protocol, Bob and Alice normally sacrifice some bits to estimate the error rate. To reduce the probability that they end up with different keys to an acceptable level, the authors show that a large number of bits must be sacrificed. Instead, if Alice and Bob can make a good guess about the error rate before the error correction, they can verify that their keys are similar after the error correction protocol. In this study, the authors show that this verification can be done by utilising properties of low-density parity check codes used in the error correction. The authors compare the different methods and show that by verification it is often possible to sacrifice less bits without compromising security. The improvement is heavily dependent on the error rate and the block length, but for a key produced by the IdQuantique system Clavis2, the increase in the key rate is ∼5%. The authors also show that for systems with large fluctuations in the error rate, a combination of the two methods is optimal.
Serendio: Simple and Practical lexicon based approach to Sentiment Analysis

This paper describes the system developed by the Serendio team for the SemEval-2013 Task 2 competition (Task A). We use a lexicon based approach for discovering sentiments. Our lexicon is built from the Serendio taxonomy. The Serendio taxonomy consists of positive, negative, negation, stop words and phrases. A typical tweet contains word variations, emoticons, hashtags etc. We use preprocessing steps such as stemming, emoticon detection and normalization, exaggerated word shortening and hashtag detection. After the preprocessing, the lexicon-based system classifies the tweets as positive or negative based on the contextual sentiment orientation of the words. Our system yields an F-score of 0.8004 on the test dataset.
Comparative filtering methods for noisy ECG signals

In this paper are presented, compared and analyzed two of the most frequently used methods for the ECG signal filtering: the Wavelet denoising method and the Adaptive filtering method. There were highlighted the features, performances and selection capabilities achieved by the filters. For the research efficiency and completeness, over our simulated signal were superposed different types of disruptive noises, such as white noise, 50 Hz noise frequency, harmonics and Gaussian noise.
Enhanced Random Early Detection (ENRED)

ABSTRACT As the internet is expected to better support many applications such as multimedia with limit bandwidth, new mechanisms are needed to control the congestion in the network. Active Queue Management (AQM) algorithms play an important role to ensure the stability of the Internet. Random Early Detection (RED) is the first active queue management algorithm proposed for deployment in TCP/IP networks. RED has some parameters tuning issues that need to be carefully addressed for it to give good performance under different network scenarios.We propose a new algorithm called Enhanced Random Early Detection (ENRED). ENRED works to improve these parameters to provide better congestion control over the network while remaining the advantage of RED.This paper will introduce ENRED and some features about RED and its variants . 8We simulate the proposed algorithm (ENRED) using the well-known network simulator ns-2, by comparing it to the original RED. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better queue size than RED and decreases the delay and losses.
Orally Administered Enoxaparin Ameliorates Acute Colitis by Reducing Macrophage-Associated Inflammatory Responses

Inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, cause significant morbidity and decreased quality of life. The currently available treatments are not effective in all patients, can be expensive and have potential to cause severe side effects. This prompts the need for new treatment modalities. Enoxaparin, a widely used antithrombotic agent, is reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties and therefore we evaluated its therapeutic potential in a mouse model of colitis. Acute colitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Mice were treated once daily with enoxaparin via oral or intraperitoneal administration and monitored for colitis activities. On termination (day 8), colons were collected for macroscopic evaluation and cytokine measurement, and processed for histology and immunohistochemistry. Oral but not intraperitoneal administration of enoxaparin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced colitis. Oral enoxaparin-treated mice retained their body weight and displayed less diarrhea and fecal blood loss compared to the untreated colitis group. Colon weight in enoxaparin-treated mice was significantly lower, indicating reduced inflammation and edema. Histological examination of untreated colitis mice showed a massive loss of crypt architecture and goblet cells, infiltration of immune cells and the presence of edema, while all aspects of this pathology were alleviated by oral enoxaparin. Reduced number of macrophages in the colon of oral enoxaparin-treated mice was accompanied by decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Oral enoxaparin significantly reduces the inflammatory pathology associated with DSS-induced colitis in mice and could therefore represent a novel therapeutic option for the management of ulcerative colitis.
Proof Complexity of Resolution-based QBF Calculi

Proof systems for quantified Boolean formulas (QBFs) provide a theoretical underpinning for the performance of important QBF solvers. However, the proof complexity of these proof systems is currently not well understood and in particular lower bound techniques are missing. In this paper we exhibit a new and elegant proof technique for showing lower bounds in QBF proof systems based on strategy extraction. This technique provides a direct transfer of circuit lower bounds to lengths of proofs lower bounds. We use our method to show the hardness of a natural class of parity formulas for Q-resolution and universal Q-resolution. Variants of the formulas are hard for even stronger systems as long-distance Q-resolution and extensions. With a completely different lower bound argument we show the hardness of the prominent formulas of Kleine Buning et al. [34] for the strong expansion-based calculus IR-calc. Our lower bounds imply new exponential separations between two different types of resolution-based QBF calculi: proof systems for CDCL-based solvers (Q-resolution, long-distance Q-resolution) and proof systems for expansion-based solvers (forallExp+Res and its generalizations IR-calc and IRM-calc). The relations between proof systems from the two different classes were not known before.
Preparation of Aligned Polysulfonamide Nanofibers by Magnetic Electrospinning

Preparation of uniaxially aligned nanofibers by electrospinning has been a new research hot spot in recent years. Well-aligned polysulfonamide (PSA) nanofibers with the diameter of 200nm were successfully prepared by magnetic electrospinning with the distance between the two magnets of 8cm. The key to the success of this method was the use of a collector composed of two permanent magnets to suffer an applied magnetic field. And the mechanism of magnetic electrospinning was also discussed in detail.
Multi-level modeling of spectrum use

Spectrum modeling represents an important tool, of the cognitive radio concept. Number of works have focused on developing accurate methods for modeling the spectrum usage in order to provide reliable and efficient assessment of the possible spectrum availabilities. This paper proposes a novel method for modeling of spectrum usage based on classification of measured quantities into multiple levels. The distribution of the measured quantities of each level is fitted using a known mathematical model. The proposed method utilizes practical measurements in different frequency bands focusing on both uplink and downlink channels. The validation results show that the proposed model performs more accurate fitting compared to the existing single-level models for each of the inspected frequency bands.
Design of MAC protocols with less collision fast resolution for WLAN

Development of efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols providing both high throughput performance for data traffic and good quality of service (QoS) support for real-time traffic is the current major focus in distributed contention-based (DCF) MAC protocol research. In this paper, we propose a novel and efficient contention-based MAC protocol for wireless local area networks, namely, the less collision fast resolution (LCFR) algorithm. This algorithm is developed based on the following innovative ideas: to reduce probability of collision and speed up the backoff procedure. We actively redistribute the backoff timers for all active nodes and reduce the backoff timers exponentially fast. The MAC protocol with this new algorithm attempts to provide significantly higher throughput and low latency performance for data services in wireless LANs than the IEEE 802.11 MAC algorithm. We demonstrate that this algorithm indeed resolves collisions faster and reduces the idle slots more effectively.
Parameter optimization of an evolutionary algorithm for RNA structure discovery

This paper focuses on the optimization of population and selection parameters of an evolutionary algorithm for similar RNA structure discovery. The effects of population settings such as the number of parents and number of offspring per parent, and method of selection (tournament vs. elitist) on the rate of convergence were investigated relative to a problem with a known RNA structure solution. The results indicate that proper setting of the number of parents and offspring can be used to increase the efficiency of the evolutionary process.
Social Network Analysis and Big Data tools applied to the Systemic Risk supervision

After the financial crisis initiated in 2008, international market supervisors of the G20 agreed to reinforce their systemic risk supervisory duties. For this purpose, several regulatory reporting obligations were imposed to the market participants. As a consequence, millions of trade details are now available to National Competent Authorities on a daily basis. Traditional monitoring tools may not be capable of analyzing such volumes of data and extracting the relevant information, in order to identify the potential risks hidden behind the market. Big Data solutions currently applied to the Social Network Analysis (SNA), can be successfully applied the systemic risk supervision. This case of study proposes how relations established between the financial market participants could be analyzed, in order to identify risk of propagation and market behavior, without the necessity of expensive and demanding technical architectures.
High expression of small GTPase Rab3D promotes cancer progression and metastasis

Rab GTPases control exocytic and endocytic membrane trafficking such as exosomes release. As a secretory small GTPase, Rab3D is a vital regulator for protein secretion. However, the role of Rab3D in cancer was never systematically studied. The aim of this study is to examine its function and mechanism in cancer, especially metastasis. We detected protein levels of Rab3D in nine cancer cell lines and twelve types of clinical cancer specimens. Subsequently, we established in vitro migration and in vivo orthotopic metastatic mouse models to study the role of Rab3D in tumor metastasis. Here, we reported that the expression levels of Rab3D were dysregulated in cancer cells and highly correlated with tumor malignancies in the clinical samples. Increased expressions of Rab3D led to tumor invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo, whereas Rab3D knockdown suppressed the tumor cell motility. Mechanistic studies revealed that Rab3D activated intracellular the AKT/GSK3β signaling to induce the EMT process. In addition, it also regulated the extracellular secretion of Hsp90α to promote tumor cell migration and invasion. These results prove that Rab3D is a key molecule to regulate tumor metastasis, suggesting that blocking the Rab3D function can be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer metastasis.
Cortisol concentration, pain and sedation scale in free roaming dogs treated with carprofen after ovariohysterectomy

Background and Aim: One of the topic issues in animal welfare activities is the free roaming dog welfare especially in developing countries such as Serbia. The way of controlling population of free roaming dogs is their reproduction with the method of “Catch-Neuter-Release. ” This complex process consists of capturing free roaming dogs in public areas, sterilizing, and returning them to the public area from which they were temporarily removed. Ovariohysterectomy present the period with a high intensity of stress reaction since many veterinarians in Serbia do not use analgesia for this group of dogs. The aim of this study was to compare the serum cortisol concentration before and after ovariohysterectomy and the level of post-operative pain and sedation in a group of free roaming female dogs treated with carprofen after surgical intervention and in a group with no treatment. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on a total of 20 female dogs under the program for free roaming dog control. Free-roaming dogs were captured in public areas by the communal animal hygiene service and were transported between 30 and 45 min to the clinic of a veterinary practice. Treatment began at 10:00 h on the next day and the bitches were kept in cages until they were returned to public locations from which they were temporarily removed to be sterilized. The G2 group received before closing the incision line carprofen in one dosage of 4 mg/kg given by subcutaneous injection into the scruff. Rescue protocol with carprofen was provided for G1 after 24 h following ovariohysterectomy same dosage as G2. Blood (2 ml) was collected from the cephalic vein of each dog in disposable plastic syringes, containing heparin (1:1000) 4 times: Before ovariohysterectomy, 30, 120 min and 24 h following ovariohysterectomy. Cortisol concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The multifactorial pain and sedation scale were used for the assessment of pain and sedation. Results: In both groups, the lowest values of serum cortisol concentration were obtained before ovariohysterectomy. Cortisol levels in both groups were significantly higher (p<0.01) 30 and 120 min after ovariohysterectomy and showed a decreasing trend toward the end of the observation period (24 h). The results obtained 15 and 30 min after the surgical intervention have revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p<0.05) showing that female dogs treated with carprofen had a lower value on the pain scale and a higher value on the sedation scale compared to the group with no treatment. Conclusion: Carprofen provides both a restful consequence of sedation and a rapid return to a more normal physiological and behavioral state in dogs after ovariohysterectomy.