Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of IGF-1 for delayed graft function: a human model to study postischemic ARF.

BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) has been shown in animal models to accelerate recovery from acute renal failure (ARF). However, a therapeutic trial of recombinant human (rh) IGF-1 in patients with ARF in the intensive care unit (ICU) failed to demonstrate efficacy [1]. Such patients often had multiple organ failure, recurrent renal injury, and a delay of several days before commencing treatment. METHODS To circumvent these confounding factors, we randomized recipients of cadaveric renal allografts to immediate (<5 hours) rhIGF-1 versus placebo therapy (100 mg/kg subcutaneously twice a day for 6 days). Preliminary observations 3 hours posttransplantation in an additional 44 patients revealed a creatinine clearance < or = 20 mL/min to predict protracted ARF. Thus, this value was used to determine study eligibility. RESULTS Creatinine clearance prior to commencing treatment was not significantly different between the two groups (8 +/- 5 mL/min for IGF-1 and 7 +/- 6 mL/min for placebo; P = 0.39). Inulin clearance on day 7, the primary outcome measure, was 21 +/- 22 mL/min and 19 +/- 19 mL/min in the IGF-1 (N = 19) and placebo (N = 24) groups, respectively (P = 0.67). Secondary outcome measures, including nadir serum creatinines after 6 weeks and need for dialysis, also did not differ between the two groups. We performed an analysis of statistical power using the placebo arm of the trial. Defining a twofold increase above placebo in day 7 glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as of meaningful biologic significance, we determined that the modest sample size used in the present study is adequate. CONCLUSION We, thus, conclude that (1) IGF-1 treatment is unlikely to benefit ARF and (2) the transplanted kidney is a good model to screen new agents for ARF that have demonstrated promise in animal trials.
La industria lítica del Paleolítico Superior inicial en el oriente cantábrico

EN ESTE TRABAJO HAN SIDO ANALIZADAS QUINCE ESTRATIGRAFIAS ARQUEOLOGICAS CORRESPONDIENTES A LOS TERRITORIOS ACTUALES DE CANTABRIA, VIZCAYA Y GUIPUZCOA. LOS APROXIMADAMENTE 40 NIVELES ESTUDIADOS SE ADSCRIBEN A LAS CULTURAS CASTELPERRONIENSE, PROTOAURINACIENSE, AURINACIENSE Y GRAVETIENSE (CIRCA 35 A 20 KY B.P.). EL ESTUDIO SE CENTRA EN LOS ARTEFACTOS LITICOS DE ESTAS CULTURAS, EXAMINADOS BAJO LA OPTICA DE LA TIPOLOGIA ANALITICA. UN ESTUDIO EN ESTAS COORDENADAS HA PERMITIDO ESTABLECER CIERTOS PATRONES DE EVOLUCION DIACRONICA DE LAS DIFERENTES VARIABLES QUE INTEGRAN LAS ESTRUCTURAS (FISICA, TIPOMETRICA, TECNICA, MODAL Y MORFOLOGICA) INTRINSECAMENTE LIGADAS A LOS TECNOCOMPLEJOS LITICOS. EL ANALISIS HA COMPORTADO EL EMPLEO DE SUCESIVOS TEST DE COMPROBACION DE LA FIABILIDAD DE LA MUESTRA Y DE VALIDACION DE LAS OBSERVACIONES REALIZADAS BAJO UNA PERSPECTIVA EMPIRICA: TEST DEL X2, ANALISIS FACTORIALES, DENDROGRAMAS DE DISTANCIAS, ETC. EN SU CONJUNTO, LA TESIS DOCTORAL PERMITE CONTEMPLAR LOS PROCESOS TECNICOS Y CULTURALES LIGADOS A LA GENESIS DEL LEPTOLITICO O PALEOLITICO SUPERIOR DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA MUY COMPLEJA Y MULTIVARIANTE, EN LA QUE SON ESCASOS LOS FENOMENOS DE EVOLUCION LINEAL DE LAS VARIABLES, Y FRECUENTES LOS CICLOS REGRESIVOS Y APARENTES CONTRADICCIONES.
Tableau de bord pour le suivi de l'engagement des apprenants lors de la construction de cartes mentales

Les cartes mentales permettent aux apprenants de mettre en place des strategies cognitives d'apprentissage telles que l'elaboration et l'organisation des contenus etudies en classe. Etant donne leur complexite, les enseignants ont besoin d'outils pour les aider a comprendre les cartes mentales produites et leurs processus de construction. Notre objectif est de permettre aux enseignants de suivre l'engagement des apprenants lors de ce type d'activite. Nous avons defini avec des enseignants des indicateurs bases sur les traces d'interaction des eleves permettant de suivre et d'expliquer les modalites et les choix de construction des cartes mentales. Ces indicateurs ont ete implementes dans un tableau de bord a l'usage des enseignants, que nous avons commence a evaluer au cours d'une serie d'entretiens. Nous presentons dans ce papier le prototype du tableau de bord ainsi que les premiers resultats de cette evaluation.
The Efficacy of Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in NIDDM subjects: A criteria-based literature review

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in NIDDM patients from studies published during the years 1976–1996. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted. The selected studies were assessed for their methodological quality and reviewed on the reported efficacy and on the following topics: characteristics of the study population, follow-up duration, nature of the efficacy measures, use of a therapy decision scheme, nature of the intervention, nature of the SMBG device, patient instruction, type of SMBG regime, assessment of the frequency of self-measurement, and whether feedback was given on the measured glucose levels. Studies with positive conclusions on the efficacy of SMBG were compared with studies with negative conclusions on the basis of the these characteristics to determine which factors could have contributed to the results. RESULTS Of the 11 studies identified, only 4 met all quality criteria. Six of the studies were randomized controlled trials, of which only one showed positive conclusions regarding the efficacy of SMBG. Although the studies differed on most topics, no factor could be identified as responsible for the results of the studies. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of SMBG in NIDDM patients is still questionable and should be tested in a rigorous high-quality randomized controlled trial, for which some recommendations are given.
Real-time natural language corrections for assistive robotic manipulators

We propose a generalizable natural language interface that allows users to provide corrective instructions to an assistive robotic manipulator in real-time. This work is motivated by the desire to improve collaboration between humans and robots in a home environment. Allowing human operators to modify properties of how their robotic counterpart achieves a goal on-the-fly increases the utility of the system by incorporating the strengths of the human partner (e.g. visual acuity and environmental knowledge). This work is applicable to users with and without disability. Our natural language interface is based on the distributed correspondence graph, a probabilistic graphical model that assigns semantic meaning to user utterances in the context of the robot’s environment and current behavior. We then use the desired corrections to alter the behavior of the robotic manipulator by treating the modifications as constraints on the motion generation (planning) paradigm. In this paper, we highlight four dimensions along which a user may wish to correct the behavior of his or her assistive manipulator. We develop our language model using data collected from Amazon Mechanical Turk to capture a comprehensive sample of terminology that people use to describe desired corrections. We then develop an end-to-end system using open-source speech-to-text software and a Kinova Robotics MICO robotic arm. To demonstrate the efficacy of our approach, we run a pilot study with users unfamiliar with robotic systems and analyze points of failure and future directions.
A reflectometric interferometric nanosensor for sarcosine

Sarcosine was recently identified as a differential metabolite that is present in urine in elevated concentration as prostate cancer develops metastases. The aim of this study is to prepare reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) nanosensors for the detection of sarcosine. Sarcosine imprinted nanoparticles were prepared by two phase miniemulsion polymerization and characterized with transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy measurements. The glass substrates (10 × 10 mm2) were treated with Piranha solution and incubated in polyethyleneimine solution. The sarcosine imprinted nanoparticles were attached to glass substrates by spin coating of nanoparticle solution. The recognition properties of the nanosensors were evaluated by reflectometric interferometric spectroscopy. To show selectivity of sarcosine imprinted RIfS nanosensor, real‐time l‐alanine detection was also performed. Sarcosine detection studies were performed from aqueous solution and urine sample. A good linearity was revealed with a correlation coefficient of 0.9622 and a detection limit of 45 nM. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 31:55–61, 2015
Demonstrative geosynchronous SAR products affected by clutter and APS decorrelation

The paper provides a theoretical model for the Geosynchronous SAR focused data, including clutter and atmosphere decorrelation effects. The focused data model is exploited to generate realistic GEOSAR demonstrative products, on the basis of the preliminary design of a regional GEOSAR system. The provided demo products are useful for a preliminary evaluation of the expected system performances.
Beta-adrenergic blockade and the metabolic response to surgery.

The effect of the administration of propranolol 0.15 mg per kg body weight i.v. on the metabolic response to pelvic surgery was compared with results in similar patients who had not received propranolol. The only significant difference between the two groups was a lower plasma insulin concentration in the beta-blockade patients after 60 and 90 min of surgery. The glycaemic response to surgery was unimpaired in the propranolol-treated patients and there were no adverse haemodynamic effects. We conclude that beta-adrenergic blockage is unlikely to have deleterious metabolic effects on healthy patients.
Swarming of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Is Dependent on Cell-to-Cell Signaling and Requires Flagella and Pili

ABSTRACT We describe swarming in Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a third mode of surface translocation in addition to the previously described swimming and twitching motilities. Swarming in P. aeruginosa is induced on semisolid surfaces (0.5 to 0.7% agar) under conditions of nitrogen limitation and in response to certain amino acids. Glutamate, aspartate, histidine, or proline, when provided as the sole source of nitrogen, induced swarming, while arginine, asparagine, and glutamine, among other amino acids, did not sustain swarming. Cells from the edge of the swarm were about twice as long as cells from the swarm center. In both instances, bacteria possessing two polar flagella were observed by light and electron microscopy. While afliC mutant of P. aeruginosa displayed slightly diminished swarming, a pilR and a pilA mutant, both deficient in type IV pili, were unable to swarm. Furthermore, cells with mutations in the las cell-to-cell signaling system showed diminished swarming behavior, while rhlmutants were completely unable to swarm. Evidence is presented for rhamnolipids being the actual surfactant involved in swarming motility, which explains the involvement of the cell-to-cell signaling circuitry of P. aeruginosa in this type of surface motility.
Cholic Acid Is Accumulated Spontaneously, Driven by Membrane ΔpH, in Many Lactobacilli

ABSTRACT Many lactobacilli from various origins were found to apparently lack cholic acid extrusion activity. Cholic acid was accumulated spontaneously, driven by the transmembrane proton gradient. Accumulation is a newly identified kind of interaction between intestinal microbes and unconjugated bile acids and is different from extrusion and modification, which have been described previously.
Finding All of the Solutions to a Problem

This paper describes a method of cutting off reasoning when all of the answers to a problem have been found. Briefly, the method involves keeping and maintaining information about the sizes of important sets, and using this information to determine when all of the answers to a problem have been found. We show how this information can be dynamically calculated and kept accurate in a changing world. Additional complexity is encountered when this maintenance is mixed with independent meta-level reasoning for pruning search spaces.
A Study of Task Characteristics and User Intention to Use Handheld Devices for Mobile Commerce

Interface design and the selection of appropriate tasks for small-screen mobile applications are issues critical for mobile commerce. Our earlier research has identified five major task factors that may influence user intention to use handheld devices for wireless applications. These factors are: perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived playfulness, perceived task complexity, and perceived security. We followed up with a questionnairebased empirical study to validate the relative impact of these proposed task factors on user intention to use handheld devices for mobile commerce. This paper confirms significant correlations between the task factors and user intention. However, only three of the five factors -- perceived usefulness, perceived security, and perceived playfulness -- are important to user intention, explaining 30% of the variations in a multiple regression model. This study makes a unique contribution to HCI and MIS research by providing empirical evidence of user perception of task characteristics for mobile commerce.
3D Object Categorization with Probabilistic Contour Models - Gaussian Mixture Models for 3D Shape Representation

We present a probabilistic framework for learning 3D contour-based category models represented by Gaussian Mixture Models. This idea is motivated by the fact that even small sets of contour fragments can carry enough information for a categorization by a human. Our approach represents an extension of 2D shape based approaches towards 3D to obtain a pose-invariant 3D category model. We reconstruct 3D contour fragments and generate what we call ‘3D contour clouds’ for specific objects. The contours are modeled by probability densities, which are described by Gaussian Mixture Models. Thus, we obtain a probabilistic 3D contour description for each object. We introduce a similarity measure between two probability densities which is based on the probability of intra-class deformations. We show that a probabilistic model allows for flexible modeling of shape by local and global features. Our experimental results show that even with small inter-class difference it is possible to learn one 3D Category Model against another category and thus demonstrate the feasibility of 3D contour-based categorization. 1 MOTIVATION AND IDEA Shape features, especially contour features are challenging in computer vision for several reasons. The research topics vary from 2D contour generation, 2D object recognition and categorization to 3D contour reconstruction from multiview-stereo image sequences or 3D contour generation from 3D models. This paper deals with object categorization based on 3D contour models, which we call ‘3D contour clouds’. We represent these ‘3D contour clouds’ by Mixture of Gaussian Models and we learn partitions of probability density functions to achieve a 3D category shape model. In 2D, shape features play an important role for object categorization. Contour features, e.g. silhouette features as well as inner contours, have successfully been used in several recent categorization systems (Leordeanu et al., 2007), (Opelt et al., 2006), (Shotton et al., 2008). These approaches are based on fragments of contours (Opelt et al., 2006; Shotton et al., 2008) or by simplifying them to a sparse point representation (Leordeanu et al., 2007). In such systems, 2D contour features are used to model the shape of various object categories. Either, these category models are learned in a 2D Implicit Shape Model (ISM) (Leibe et al., 2004) manner, where an object center is used as reference point to build indirect relations between pairs of contour fragments and this ‘centroid’ (Opelt et al., 2006), (Shotton et al., 2008), or they are learned using direct pairwise relations between such contour fragments (Leordeanu et al., 2007). The main disadvantage of these 2D shape models is their view dependency because they are quite sensitive to view/pose changes and consequently, one model per significant aspect of a category has to be learned independently to achieve robustness to view and pose changes.
Scalability of ultra-thin-body and BOX InGaAs MOSFETs on silicon

In this work, we show for the first time that VLSI-like gate-first self-aligned InGaAs MOSFETs on insulator on Si featuring raised source/drain (SID) can be fabricated at 300 nm pitch with gate lengths down to 24 nm. This is made possible thanks to the excellent thermal stability of ultra-thin-body and BOX InGaAs on insulator which can be used as a crystalline seed for III-V regrowth. The devices exhibit an excellent electrostatic integrity down to LG = 34 nm, comparable to the best reported tri-gate devices. We compare experimental device data to electrostatic simulations for bulk/on-insulator/tri-gate structures and extrapolate their ultimate scalability to very short LG.
Apparatuses of Knowledge Delivery to Patients: The Role of Social Media in Vaccine Controversies

The practice of knowledge delivery to patients has long been performed by healthcare professionals, who were seen as trustable sources of healthcare knowledge. However, healthcare knowledge is now being distributed widely online and in particular on social media, by numerous individuals who are sharing a mixture of scientific/non-scientific information grounded in personal perspectives and experiences. In the shift to healthcare knowledge delivery on social media, traditional practices of knowledge delivery to patients are challenged. This study draws on material-discursive practices, known as apparatuses, to examine two notable material-discursive practices in vaccine administration. This research is expected to make two contributions to the IS literature. First, it aims to identify significant differences in the two knowledge delivery practices and their outcomes. Second, it aims to investigate the ongoing interaction and tension between traditional and new knowledge delivery approaches. We provide preliminary insights and a roadmap for further developing this research.
WHY ARE THE WAGES OF JOB STAYERS PROCYCLICAL?

This paper explains how real wages are procyclical for those who stay with the same employer. On the basis of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics data for the period from 1974–1975 to 1990–1991, we find that the substantial wage procyclicality among job stayers is mostly accounted for by large wage adjustments during the period when the unemployment rate reaches a historical minimum level from the start of the employee's current job. This finding explains how the real wages of job stayers behave asymmetrically over the cycle and more importantly how the evidence of stayers' great wage procyclicality accords with the theoretical prediction of implicit contracts that stresses costless mobility.
Alkali burns of the eye; clinical and pathologic course.

T HE PROGRESSIVE nature of severe alkali burns of the eyes and the frequency of secondary complications are well known. The purpose of this communication is to outline the distinctive clinical and pathologic features, which may yield clues to the mechanism of action, and to emphasize the secondary reactions, against which are directed many of the therapeutic measures. Except for minor differences in the rate of penetration and the intensity of opacification, the clinical courses of burns produced by a variety of alkalis, e. g. , lye, lime (calcium oxide) and ammonia, are remarkably similar. 1 The alkalinity of the solution is probably the most important factor governing the severity of the lesion, and the rabbit cornea is damaged by solutions more alkaline than those with p H of 11.5. 2 The material for the present study included sodium hydroxide burns of the rabbit eye and clinical observations on several types
Model Validation and Improvement Using New Data on Habitat Characteristics Important to Forest Salamanders, and Short-Term Effects of Forestry Practices on Salamander Movement and Population Estimates

Amphibians, because of their semi-permeable skin, sensitivity to changing microclimates, and important role in ecosystems, are often viewed as indicators of ecosystem health. They make excellent organisms for studies on the effects of silvicultural practices. My goal was to provide recommendations for forest management in the southern Appalachians so that harvesting operations are compatible with maintaining healthy populations of forest amphibians. I tested previously created habitat models that determined the most important habitat characteristics for salamanders. I counted salamanders in 240 10 x 10 m plots located in the MeadWestvaco Wildlife and Ecosystem Research Forest in north-central West Virginia. We also collected a variety of habitat data in these plots to predict salamander abundance with previously created models. These simple linear regression analyses of predicted versus observed values suggest for most models (7 out of 9) a weak relationship between predicted and observed values (R from 0.0033 to 0.2869, p from 0.05) following harvest in any of these measures, suggesting that salamanders do not move out of the harvested area post-harvest, at least over the short term (10 months of this study). This suggests that a longer period of time (> 1 year) is required to observe the population declines detected in most studies.
Curvature of BEOL Cantilevers in CMOS-MEMS Processes

This paper presents the curvature characterization results of released back-end-of-line <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-wide cantilevers for two different 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> 1P6M complementary metal–oxide semiconductor microelectromechanical systems processes. Results from different runs and lots from each foundry are presented. The methodology and accuracy of the characterization approach, based on optical measurements of test cantilever curvature, are also discussed. Special emphasis is given to the curvature average and variability as a function of the number of stacked layers. Analythical equations for modeling the bending behavior of stacked cantilevers as a function of the tungsten (W) vias that join the metal layers are presented. In addition, the effect of various post-processing conditions and design techniques on the curvature of both single and stacked cantilevers is analyzed. In particular, surpassing certain time-dependent temperature stress conditions after release lead to curvature shifts larger than one order of magnitude. Also, the W via design was found to strongly affect the curvature of the test cantilevers. [2016-0293]
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( fMRI ) Suitable Protocols for Motor , Somatosensory and Language Function

The clinical application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) makes the implementation of dedicated imaging protocols mandatory that measure specific functions of the human brain validly in short scanning times. Clinical fMRI requires – in contrast to research applications – the analysis of data from individual patients to achieve an fMRI diagnosis. To this end, the paradigms need to be applicable also in patients with neurologic, linguistic or other cognitive deficits. Clinical fMRI protocols typically consist of a set of different paradigms to better assess complex brain functions (e.g., language, memory) and/or to enhance the validity of the fMRI results through reproduction. In this paper, optimized clinical fMRI protocols for motor, somatosensory and language function are proposed.