Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extracting Usage Patterns and the Analysis of Tag Connection Dynamics within Collaborative Tagging Systems

Collaborative tagging has become a very popular way of annotation, thanks to the fact that any entity may be labeled by any individual based on his own reason. In this paper we present the results of the case study carried out on the basis of data gathered at different time intervals from the social tagging system developed and implemented on AŽntelepciune. ro. Analyzing collective data referring to the way in which community members associate different tags, we have observed that between tags, links are formed which become increasingly stable with the passing of time. Following the application of methodology specific to network analysis, we have managed to extract information referring to tag popularity, their influence within the network and the degree to which a tag depends upon another. As such, we have succeeded in determining different semantic structures within the collective tagging system and see their evolution at different stages in time. Furthermore, we have pictured the way in which tag rec-ommendations can be executed and that they can be integrated within recommendation sys-tems. Thus, we will be able to identify experts and trustworthy content based on different cat-egories of interest.
Effects of salinity on embryonic development of Palaemonetes argentinus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) cultured in vitro

Summary The shrimp Palaemonetes argentinus Nobili 1901 inhabits freshwater streams, lakes and brackish coastal lagoons in the warm temperate regions of southeastern South America. Larvae and adults tolerate a wide range of salinities, exhibiting a well developed osmoregulatory capacity already from hatching. Nevertheless, effects of salinity on the embryos of P. argentinus have not been studied yet. In the present investigation, freshly layed eggs were removed from ten females and, from the time of extrusion to larval hatching, exposed in vitro to four salinities (1, 15, 25, 32 PSU; all incubated at 20°C). This technique allowed the comparison of salinity effects on embryos of the same brood, excluding maternal effects as potentially confounding sources of variation. Initial egg size and duration of embryonic development under identical conditions varied significantly among broods from different females, but showed no significant relationships with female body size. Development was most successful in eggs incubated at salinities of 1 and 15 PSU, with average hatching rates of 72% and 79%, respectively. In contrast, 20% hatched at 25 PSU, and only three individuals (1.5%) in seawater (32 PSU). Egg mortality increased consistently near the end of the developmental period, especially at 25 and 32 PSU. Larvae hatching at these relatively high salinities retained a greater quantity of yolk, while many were deformed, suggesting that hyperosmotic stress interfered with metabolic energy mobilization and morphogenetic processes. The mean time from spawning of the eggs to larval hatching was similar at 1 and 15 PSU (ca. 24 d), but lasted significantly longer at 25 and 32 PSU (26–27 d, respectively). During the first ca. 10–12 days of embryonic development, the volume of the eggs decreased slightly at 25 and 32 PSU, while an increase was observed at lower salinities (maximum: 20% at 1 PSU). During the final period of development, an increase in egg volume occurred in all treatments, being significantly stronger at low salinities (≤15 PSU). The first zoeal stage of P. argentinus can also in complete absence of food successfully develop from hatching through the moult to the zoea-II stage; this trait (facultative lecithotrophy) was not affected by salinity. Our results suggest that successful reproduction of P. argentinus in freshwater and brackish habitats with highly variable conditions of salinity and food availability is based on an early appearance of osmoregulatory functions during the embryonic phase and/or a low permeability for ions of the egg membrane, while yolk reserves persisting from the egg allow for food-independent development through the first larval stage.
Mapping stream programs onto heterogeneous multiprocessor systems

This paper presents a partitioning and allocation algorithm for an iterative stream compiler, targeting heterogeneous multiprocessors with constrained distributed memory and any communications topology. We introduce a novel definition of connectedness that enables the algorithm to model the capabilities of the compiler. The algorithm uses convexity and connectedness constraints to produce partitions that are easier to compile and require short pipelines. Software pipelining is an effective transformation, but it increases memory footprint and latency, and has a startup overhead. Our algorithm takes account of these downstream costs. We show results for the StreamIt 2.1. 1 benchmarks for an SMP, 2*2 mesh, SMP plus accelerator, and IBM QS20 blade, which has two Cell processors. Our results show that the average performance is within 5% of the unrestricted optimum found using a brute force search, while seldom requiring software pipelining. The heuristic is robust, and fast enough to be inside the feedback loop of an iterative compiler.
Chaperones, protein aggregation, and brain protection from hypoxic/ischemic injury

SUMMARY Chaperones, especially the stress inducible Hsp70, have been studied for their potential to protect the brain from ischemic injury. While they protect from both global and focal ischemia in vivo and cell culture models of ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro, the mechanism of protection is not well understood. Protein aggregation is part of the etiology of chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's and Alzheimer's, and recent data demonstrate protein aggregates in animal models of stroke. We now demonstrate that overexpression of Hsp70 in hippocampal CA1 neurons reduces evidence of protein aggregation under conditions where neuronal survival is increased. We have also demonstrated protection by the cochaperone Hdj-2 in vitro and demonstrated that this is associated with reduced protein aggregation identified by ubiquitin immunostaining. Hdj-2 can prevent protein aggregate formation by itself, but can only facilitate protein folding in conjunction with Hsp70. Pharmacological induction of Hsp70 was found to reduce both apoptotic and necrotic astrocyte death induced by glucose deprivation or oxygen glucose deprivation. Protection from ischemia and ischemia-like injury by chaperones thus involves at least anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic and anti-protein aggregation mechanisms.
A Sample Correlation Method for Source Number Detection

In this paper, the effective uses of Gerschgorin radii of the similar transformed covariance matrix for source number estimation are introduced. A heuristic approach is used for developing the detection criteria. The heuristic approach applying the visual Gerschgorin disk method (VGD), developed from the projection concept, overcomes the problems in cases of small data samples, an unknown noise model, and data dependency. Furthermore, Gerschgorin disks can be formed into two distinct, non-overlapping collections; one for signals and the other for noises. The number of sources can be visually determined by counting the number of Gerschgorin disks for signals. The proposed method is based on the sample correlation coefficient to normalize the signal Gerschgorin radii for source number detection. The performance of VGD shows improved detection capabilities over Gerschgorin Disk Estimator (GDE) in Gaussian white noise process and was used successfully in measured experimental data. key words: Gerschgorin radii, similar transformation, trans-
Regional Convergence in Latin America

This paper presents empirical evidence on convergence of per capita output for regions within six large middle-income Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru. It explores the role played by several exogenous sectoral shocks and differences in steady states within each country. It finds that poor and rich regions within each country converged at very low rates over the past three decades. It also finds evidence of regional 'convergence clubs' within Brazil and Peru - the estimated speeds of convergence for these countries more than double after controlling for different subnational levels of steady state. For the latter countries and Chile, convergence is also higher after controlling for sector-specific shocks. Finally, results show that national disparities in per capita output increased temporarily after each country pursued trade liberalization.
Cross-modality hashing with partial correspondence

Learning a hashing function for cross-media search is very desirable due to its low storage cost and fast query speed. However, the data crawled from Internet cannot always guarantee good correspondence among different modalities which affects the learning for hashing function. In this paper, we focus on cross-modal hashing with partially corresponded data. The data without full correspondence are made in use to enhance the hashing performance. The experiments on Wiki and NUS-WIDE datasets demonstrates that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art hashing approaches with fewer correspondence information.
Polyfunctional CD4+ T Cell Responses to Immunodominant Epitopes Correlate with Disease Activity of Virulent Salmonella

Salmonella enterica serovars are intracellular bacteria capable of causing typhoid fever and gastroenteritis of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current prophylactic and therapeutic treatment is hampered by the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Salmonella, and vaccines provide only temporal and partial protection in vaccinees. To develop more effective Salmonella vaccines, it is important to understand the development of protective adaptive immunity to virulent Salmonella. Here we report the identification of novel CD4+ T cell peptide epitopes, which are conserved among Salmonella serovars. Immunization of Salmonella-infected mice with these peptide epitopes reduces the burden of Salmonella disease. Furthermore, we show that distinct polyfunctional (interferon-γ+, tumor necrosis factor+, and interleukin-2+) Salmonella-specific CD4+ T cell responses develop with respect to magnitude and kinetics. Moreover, we found that CD4+ T cell responses against immunodominant epitopes are predictive for active Salmonella disease. Collectively, these data could contribute to improved diagnosis of Salmonella-related diseases and rational design of Salmonella vaccines.
LAMARC 2.0: maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation of population parameters

UNLABELLED We present a Markov chain Monte Carlo coalescent genealogy sampler, LAMARC 2.0, which estimates population genetic parameters from genetic data. LAMARC can co-estimate subpopulation Theta = 4N(e)mu, immigration rates, subpopulation exponential growth rates and overall recombination rate, or a user-specified subset of these parameters. It can perform either maximum-likelihood or Bayesian analysis, and accomodates nucleotide sequence, SNP, microsatellite or elecrophoretic data, with resolved or unresolved haplotypes. It is available as portable source code and executables for all three major platforms. AVAILABILITY LAMARC 2.0 is freely available at http://evolution.gs. washington.edu/lamarc
Dissatisfaction : Findings From Sweden The Impact of Political Conviction on the Relation Between Winning or Losing and Political

Election outcomes, or more specifically belonging to a political minority or majority, have a significant impact on citizens’ attitudes toward the political system and political involvement. This study aims to broaden our understanding in these regards by taking into account the effects of people’s political convictions on the relation between belonging to a political minority or majority and their dissatisfaction with the performance of the political system. Using a person-oriented approach, four groups of citizens were identified on the basis of their attachment to political parties. The group of people who were not politically attached to any of the political parties were the most dissatisfied, whereas supporters of parties in government were the least dissatisfied. Moreover, supporters of opposition parties who had high levels of political conviction were more dissatisfied than supporters of opposition parties who had lower levels of political conviction. Overall, the findings of this study show that it is crucial to take into account the individual characteristics of citizens when studying the relations between election outcomes and political attitudes.
Performance evaluation of AODV routing protocol with link failures

Movement of nodes in MANET makes the role of routing protocols tremendously important. Ad-hoc On Demand Distance Vector algorithm is a quick and efficient routing protocol for reduced broadcast. The dynamic and mobile nature of these networks faces frequent link failures resulting into broken routes. If the originating node is irresponsible to reinitiate route discovery, routing overhead may significantly rise. The paper illustrates and examines results of implementation of an alternate route recovery scheme Local Route repair using simulations. Implementation of Local Route repair reduces the broadcast in case of link outages therefore route recovery in presence of LRR demonstrates overall improvement in performance of AODV.
DEMo: Data Exchange Modeling Tool

Minimality is an important optimization criterion for solutions of data exchange problems, well captured by the notion of the core. Though tractability of core computation has been proved, it has not yet become a part of any industrial-strength system, still being highly computationally expensive. In this demonstration, we show how core computation can be used in a data exchange modeling tool, allowing data engineers to design more robust data transfer scenarios and better understand the sources of redundancy in the target database.
Well-Formedness Guarantees for ACL2 Metafunctions and Clause Processors

Some runtime checks can be safely removed from code if appropriate program properties are proved. We describe how we have applied this idea to the ACL2 theorem prover to speed up the application of user-defined proof procedures. In particular, we discuss how and why we have added a new feature to ACL2 that allows the user to verify certain well-formedness properties of the expressions produced by user-defined proof procedures. Of special interest are the issues of extensibility (how we know that guarantees proved in one theory are adequate in another), formalization of the problem, and design
LQVSumm: A Corpus of Linguistic Quality Violations in Multi-Document Summarization

We present LQVSumm, a corpus of about 2000 automatically created extractive multi-document summaries from the TAC 2011 shared task on Guided Summarization, which we annotated with several types of linguistic quality violations. Examples for such violations include pronouns that lack antecedents or ungrammatical clauses. We give details on the annotation scheme and show that inter-annotator agreement is good given the open-ended nature of the task. The annotated summaries have previously been scored for Readability on a numeric scale by human annotators in the context of the TAC challenge; we show that the number of instances of violations of linguistic quality of a summary correlates with these intuitively assigned numeric scores. On a system-level, the average number of violations marked in a system’s summaries achieves higher correlation with the Readability scores than current supervised state-of-the-art methods for assigning a single readability score to a summary. It is our hope that our corpus facilitates the development of methods that not only judge the linguistic quality of automatically generated summaries as a whole, but which also allow for detecting, labeling, and fixing particular violations in a text.
R2-Based Multi/Many-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization

We propose to couple the R2 performance measure and Particle Swarm Optimization in order to handle multi/many-objective problems. Our proposal shows that through a well-designed interaction process we could maintain the metaheuristic almost inalterable and through the R2 performance measure we did not use neither an external archive nor Pareto dominance to guide the search. The proposed approach is validated using several test problems and performance measures commonly adopted in the specialized literature. Results indicate that the proposed algorithm produces results that are competitive with respect to those obtained by four well-known MOEAs. Additionally, we validate our proposal in many-objective optimization problems. In these problems, our approach showed its main strength, since it could outperform another well-known indicator-based MOEA.
On the rheology of till

Abstract The deformation of subglacial till is instrumental in causing certain glacier surges, the motion of rapid ice streams in ice sheets, and ice-sheet surges which are associated with Heinrich events, and consequent rapid climatic shifts, during the last ice age. It may also be the means whereby drumlins are formed, and these in turn may act as a brake on large-scale ice flow. It is therefore important in building models to understand the rate at which till deforms, and how this controls the basal ice velocity. In recent years, two paradigms have emerged. On the one hand, theoreticians have tended to use a viscous rheology, though this lacks quantitative support. On the other hand, field and laboratory studies suggest that till behaves plastically. In this paper I will examine some of the dynamic consequences of this latter assumption, and show how the dichotomy between viscous and plastic may be less clear-cut than previously thought.
Improving classification of tweets using word-word co-occurrence information from a large external corpus

Classifying tweets is an intrinsically hard task as tweets are short messages which makes traditional bags of words based approach inefficient. In fact, bags of words approaches ignores relationships between important terms that do not co-occur literally. In this paper we resort to word-word co-occurence information from a large corpus to expand the vocabulary of another corpus consisting of tweets. Our results show that we are able to reduce the number of erroneous classifications by 14% using co-occurence information.
FROM IMAGING NETWORKS TO BEHAVIOR PROFILING: UBIQUITOUS SENSING FOR MANAGED HOMECARE OF THE ELDERLY

With demographic changes of the aging population and the increasing number of people living alone, pervasive home monitoring is set to play an important role in maintaining the independence and improving the quality of life for the elderly. The UbiSense† project aims to establish smart sensing networks based on low cost embedded video platforms for movement tracking and gait, posture analysis. To ensure privacy, the captured images in UbiSense are immediately filtered at the device level into blobs, which only encapsulate the shape and motion vectors of the subject so that no visual appearance of the subject is ever used. This demonstration will outline the concept of “from blob to personal metrics to behaviour profiling”, and illustrate the latest hardware platform and software implementation of the UbiSense design.
Generating Embedded Discourse Markers from Rhetorical Structure

To understand a discourse the reader needs to recover the relations between the discourse elements as intended by the writer Writers can and very often do help the reader along by providing explicit lexical signals of the intended discourse relations through the use of lexicalised discourse markers In this paper we present a novel approach for generating texts containing multiple embedded rhetorical relations each of which is lexically marked Our analysis inte grates syntactic factors ideas from rhetorical structure theory notions of text grammar and ndings from psycholinguistic research into a uni ed feature based account The current im plementation allows us to generate several good variants of text structures containing multiple discourse relations while blocking dispreferred variants
The Infrared Luminosity Function of Galaxies at Redshifts z = 1 and z ~ 2 in the GOODS Fields

We present the rest-frame 8 μm LF at redshifts z = 1 and ~2, computed from Spitzer 24 μm-selected galaxies in the GOODS fields over an area of 291 arcmin2. Using classification criteria based on X-ray data and IRAC colors, we identify the AGNs in our sample. The rest-frame 8 μm LFs for star-forming galaxies at redshifts z = 1 and ~2 have the same shape as at z ~ 0, but with a strong positive luminosity evolution. The number density of star-forming galaxies with log10(νL) > 11 increases by a factor >250 from redshift z ~ 0 to 1 and is basically the same at z = 1 and ~2. The resulting rest-frame 8 μm luminosity densities associated with star formation at z = 1 and ~2 are more than 4 and 2 times larger than at z ~ 0, respectively. We also compute the total rest-frame 8 μm LF for star-forming galaxies and AGNs at z ~ 2 and show that AGNs dominate its bright end, which is well described by a power law. Using a new calibration based on Spitzer star-forming galaxies at 0 < z < 0.6 and validated at higher redshifts through stacking analysis, we compute the bolometric IR LF for star-forming galaxies at z = 1 and ~2. We find that the respective bolometric IR luminosity densities are (1.2 ± 0.2) × 109 and (6.6) × 108 L☉ Mpc-3, in agreement with previous studies within the error bars. At z ~ 2, around 90% of the IR luminosity density associated with star formation is produced by luminous and ultraluminous IR galaxies, with the two populations contributing in roughly similar amounts. Finally, we discuss the consistency of our findings with other existing observational results on galaxy evolution.
PKU_OS @TRECVID2012: Surveillance Event Detection

In this paper, we describe our system for surveillance event detection task in TRECVID 2012. ”PersonRun”, ”Pointing” and ”ObjectPut” are the 3 events we detect in our system. For ”PersonRun” event, there are three steps to make a decision. Firstly, background subtraction and person detection are applied to the frame sequence. Secondly, particle filter is used to track the moving humans. Thirdly, the system makes a decision based on the result of trajectory analysis. In ”Pointing” event detection, a novel feature is proposed and a classifier using support vector machine is applied. To detect ”ObjectPut” event,the downward optical flow is calculated and a further analysis step is utilized. We get more familiar with the techniques used in this domain after this evaluation.