Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 0.1-mm2 3-channel area-optimized ΣΔ ADC in 0.16-µm CMOS with 20-kHz BW and 86-dB DR

Front-ends for automotive sensors must digitize multiple channels with high resolution while minimizing their silicon area to save costs. Both channel latency and inter-channel gain mismatch must be minimized to be able to serve multiple sensor applications, ranging from ABS to power steering, with the same front-end. The proposed ΣΔ ADC simultaneously digitizes 3 channels, each with a DR of 86 dB over a 20-kHz BW using a 75-MHz clock. Channel latency is <;40 ns and inter-channel gain mismatch is <;0.2%. The ADC occupies only 0.1 mm2 in a 0.16-μm CMOS process. The small area is enabled by channel multiplexing, allowing component sharing among the channels, and by the large oversampling ratio (OSR), allowing for smaller capacitors.
Insulin Protects Cardiac Myocytes from Doxorubicin Toxicity by Sp1-Mediated Transactivation of Survivin

Insulin inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Survivin is a key regulator of anti-apoptosis against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Insulin increases survivin expression in cardiac myocytes to mediate cytoprotection. However, the mechanism by which survivin mediates the protective effect of insulin against doxorubicin-associated injury remains to be determined. In this study, we demonstrated that pretreatment of H9c2 cardiac myocytes with insulin resulted in a significant decrease in doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cell death by reducing cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation. Doxorubicin-induced reduction of survivin mRNA and protein levels was also significantly perturbed by insulin pretreatment. Reducing survivin expression with survivin siRNA abrogated insulin-mediated inhibition of caspase-3 activation, suggesting that insulin signals to survivin inhibited caspase-3 activation. Interestingly, pretreatment of H9c2 cells with insulin or MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, inhibited doxorubicin-induced degradation of the transcription factor Sp1. ChIP assay showed that pretreatment with insulin inhibited doxorubicin-stimulated Sp1 dissociation from the survivin promoter. Finally using pharmacological inhibitors of the PI3K pathway, we showed that insulin-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway prevented doxorubicin-induced proteasome-mediated degradation of Sp1. Taken together, insulin pretreatment confers a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by promoting Sp1-mediated transactivation of survivin to inhibit apoptosis. Our study is the first to define a role for survivin in cellular protection by insulin against doxorubicin-associated injury and show that Sp1 is a critical factor in the transcriptional regulation of survivin.
STUDIES ON THE SENSITIVITY OF MIMOSA PUDICA III. THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, AND CERTAIN OTHER FACTORS UPON SEISMONIC SENSITIVITY

In the second paper of this series I have presented results of quantitative experiments on the effect of animal anesthetics and certain other compounds upon the seismonic sensitivity of Mimosa pudica. From the beginning of these studies it was observed that some of the commonly accepted statement in textbooks and in the literature as to the effect of certain environmental factors upon the sensitivity of the plant could not be confirmed. The present paper gives the results of experiments designed to test several of these factors specifically and to show the exact quantitative effect of each on sensitivity. The experiments were made during the period from September 15th to March Ist. The low light intensity characteristic for this season of the year necessitated the use of artificial illumination to supplement natural illumination in order to produce healthy, vigorous plants. I have already reported in paper II the fact that plants not so treated reached a condition early in September such that they could no longer be anesthetized by ether, but that plants exposed to adequate supplementary illumination with high temperature were easily anesthetized at all times. The plants were grown in a small room in the greenhouse which had been equipped with two I5oo-watt Mazda bulbs and Benjamin reflectors. The tips of the bulbs were about 20 inches from the tops of the pots containing the plants. The light intensity, as determined by a Macbeth illuminometer, varied from I50 foot candles for the center of the field to IOO foot candles at the margin. The heat given off by the bulbs kept the temperature of the room around 200 to 250 C. , but not uncommonly the temperature went much higher during the middle of the day. This high temperature is, however, very favorable for the growth of the plants. The lights were on daily from 8 A.M. to io P.M. The humidity in the room varied greatly, from I0 percent to 90 percent, but the plants grew equally well at both extremes. The environmental factor studied and controlled most carefully was temperature. The plants to be tested were placed in chambers adjusted to the desired temperature and allowed to remain there for the duration of This paper is the last of a series of three appearing in successive issues of the Journal. 288
Polymorphisms in human soluble epoxide hydrolase.

Human soluble epoxide hydrolase (hsEH) metabolizes a variety of epoxides to the corresponding vicinal diols. Arachidonic and linoleic acid epoxides are thought to be endogenous substrates for hsEH. Enzyme activity in humans shows high interindividual variation (e.g., 500-fold in liver) suggesting the existence of regulatory and/or structural gene polymorphisms. We resequenced each of the 19 exons of the hsEH gene (EPHX2) from 72 persons representing black, Asian, and white populations. A variety of polymorphisms was found, six of which result in amino acid substitutions. Amino acid variants were localized on the crystal structure of the mouse sEH, resulting in the prediction that at least two of these (Arg287Gln and Arg103Cys) might significantly affect enzyme function. The six variants of the hsEH cDNA corresponding to each single polymorphism and one corresponding to a double polymorphism were then constructed by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed in insect cells. As predicted, Arg287Gln and the double mutant Arg287Gln/Arg103Cys showed decreased enzyme activity using trans-stilbene oxide, trans-diphenylpropene oxide, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid as substrates. Lys55Arg and Cys154Tyr mutants had elevated activity for all three substrates. Detailed kinetic studies revealed that the double mutant Arg287Gln/Arg103Cys showed significant differences in Km and Vmax. In addition, stability studies showed that the double mutant was less stable than wild-type protein when incubated at 37 degrees C. These results suggest that at least six hsEH variants exist in the human population and that at least four of these may influence hsEH-mediated metabolism of exogenous and endogenous epoxide substrates in vivo.
The Transforming Effect of Handheld Computers on Nursing Practice

Handheld computers have the power to transform nursing care. The roots of this power are the shift to decentralization of communication, electronic health records, and nurses' greater need for information at the point of care. This article discusses the effects of handheld resources, calculators, databases, electronic health records, and communication devices on nursing practice. The US government has articulated the necessity of implementing the use of handheld computers in healthcare. Nurse administrators need to encourage and promote the diffusion of this technology, which can reduce costs and improve care.
4 Finite Capacity Scheduling – Borrowing the Best Practices of Biological Control

Rules governing scheduling and sequencing have accumulated overtime, driven by the manufacturing firms quest for improved operations against key performance metrics. While lead time dictates the need to preserve a focus on manufacturing efficiency, these needs must be balanced with demand-driven requirements especially at the process level, based on the finite capacity that is true of real systems. Investigation into the processes of biological systems presents an intriguing way to investigate how autonomous decision making can be improved in industrial operation systems. There are a number of reasons for this, (i) biological systems are easy to conceptualise, (ii) they have been well characterised and (iii) the study of their operations has produced abundant genomic data currently available that has led to the construction of genomic-scale models of microbial metabolism. Most importantly though, protein synthesis for gene expression in biological systems is a highly autonomous process and it is this inherent ability to self regulate that is of acute interest to the industrial operations engineer. Increasing levels of autonomous decision making will be required when designing, planning and controlling the manufacturing process in order to respond effectively to changes in increasingly competitive market and service environments. This paper describes a framework for the development of an algorithm using biological control to aid in enabling autonomous decision making functionality in operations planning in manufacturing and service industry.
Temporal Progression and Spatial Repeatability of Tear Breakup

Purpose. This study used image analysis to compare the temporal progression and spatial reoccurrence of the area of tear film breakup (AB) in dry eye and normal subjects. Methods. Tear breakup was induced in 10 control and 10 dry eye subjects during the Staring Tear Breakup Dynamics (S-TBUD) test, which involves keeping one eye open for as long as possible, termed the maximum blink interval (MBI). Video imaging of tear film fluorescence measured the onset and progression of the AB. AB location and area were mapped. The progression of ABs from the first trial, the rate of tear breakup or dry area growth rate (DAGR), and the overlap of ABs in three successive trials 5 minutes apart were computed by custom MATLAB programs. Results. The final AB before the blink was significantly greater (average, 30.7% ± 12.5% vs. 16.1% ± 9.2%) and the MBI was significantly less (average, 19.5 ± 9.0 seconds vs. 56.5 ± 38.9 seconds) among dry eye subjects compared with controls (p < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). The DAGR was four times greater among dry eye subjects, who also showed significantly more tear breakup in the central cornea than controls (p < 0.0001, Mann-Whitney U test). When the final image from three successive trials was overlapped, tear breakup occurred more often in the same location in three trials than would be expected by the overlap of independent points. Conclusions. Structural influences such as the “black line” or corneal lid defects appeared to influence the recurrence of breakup in the same region. The S-TBUD quantitative image analysis technique demonstrates that the tear film of subjects with dry eye continues to rapidly destabilize after an initial first break; thus, a low TBUT was combined with a high DAGR. The central corneal region of subjects with dry eye appeared especially susceptible to increased tear breakup when compared with controls.
Antimicrobial Agents

gesic prescription patterns among hemodialysis patients in the DOPPS: potential for underprescription.Kidney Int 65:2419–2425, 2004 7. Claxton RN, Blackhall L, Weisbord SD, Holley JL: Under treatment of symptoms in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 39:211–218, 2010 8. Davison S: Pain in hemodialysis patients: prevalence, cause, severity, and management.AmJKidneyDis 42:1239–1247, 2003 9. Launay-Vacher V, Karie S, Fau JB, Izzedine H, Deray G: Treatment of pain in patients with renal insufficiency: theWorld Health Organization three-step ladder adapted. J Pain 6:137–148, 2005 10. Davison SN: The prevalence and management of chronic pain in end-stage renal disease. J PalliativeMed 10:1277–1287, 2007 11. Nielsen EH: Hyperkalaemic muscle paresis–side-effect of prostaglandin inhibition in a haemodialysis patient.NephrolDial Transplant 14:480–482, 1999 12. Jankovic SM, Aleksic J, Rakovic S, et al.: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding among patients on hemodialysis. J Nephrol 22:502–507, 2009 13. Gasche Y, Daali Y, Fathi M, Chiappe A, Cottini S, Dayer P, Desmeules J: Codeine intoxication associated with ultrarapid CYP2D6 Metabolism. N Eng JMed 351:2827–2831, 2004 14. Stamer UM, Stuber F, Muders T, Musshoff F: Respiratory depression with tramadol in a patient with renal impairment and CYP 2D6 gene duplication. Anesth Analg 107:926–929, 2008 15. Nolin TD: Altered nonrenal drug clearance in ESRD. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertension 17:555–559, 2008 16. BauerM,KarchR,NeumannF, AbrahimA,Wagner CC, Kietter K,Muller M, Zeitlinger M, Langer O: Age dependency of cerebral P-gp function measured with (R)-[11C]verapamil and PET. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 65:941–946, 2009 17. BabiyM, StubblefieldMD,HerklotzM, et al.: Asterixis related to gabapentin as a cause of falls.AmJPhysicalMedRehab 84:136–140, 2005 18. Sechi G,Murgia B, SauG, et al.: Asterixis and toxic encephalopathy induced by gabapentin. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 28:195–199, 2004 19. Zhang C, GlennDG, BellWL, et al.: Gabapentin-inducedmyoclonus in endstage renal disease.Epilepsia 46:156–158, 2005 20. Dogukan A, Aygen B, Berilgen MS, et al.: Gabapentin-induced coma in a patientwith renal failure.Hemodial Int 10:168–169, 2006 21. YooL,MatalonD,HoffmanRS,GoldfarbDS:Treatment of pregabalin toxicity by hemodialysis in a patient with kidney failure. Am J Kidney Dis 54:1127–1130, 2009 22. Puozzo C, Pozet N, Deprez D, Baille P, Ung HL, Zech P: Pharmacokinetics of milnacipran in renal impairment. Euro J Drug Metabol Pharmacokin 23:280–286, 1998 23. SaizDıazRA, Sancho J, Serratosa J:Antiepileptic drug interactions.TheNeurologist 14:S55–S65, 2008
Comparison of two different simulation methods for the design of reflect-arrays

In this paper, Finite Element Method (FEM) in Ansoft HFSS is compared to summation of the Fourier Transform of the tangential reflected electric field on each element, for the simulation of the reflect-array antenna. Reflect-array antenna elements are square patches which are designed using Finite Element Method (FEM) in Ansoft HFSS, including the effect of incident angles.
Novel Partial Reductive Pathway for 4-Chloronitrobenzene and Nitrobenzene Degradation in Comamonas sp. Strain CNB-1

ABSTRACT Comamonas sp. strain CNB-1 grows on 4-chloronitrobenzene (4-CNB) and nitrobenzene as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. In this study, two genetic segments, cnbB-orf2-cnbA and cnbR-orf1-cnbCaCbDEFGHI, located on a newly isolated plasmid, pCNB1 (ca. 89 kb), and involved in 4-CNB/nitrobenzene degradation, were characterized. Seven genes (cnbA, cnbB, cnbCa, cnbCb, cnbD, cnbG, and cnbH) were cloned and functionally expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli, and they were identified as encoding 4-CNB nitroreductase (CnbA), 1-hydroxylaminobenzene mutase (CnbB), 2-aminophenol 1,6-dioxygenase (CnbCab), 2-amino-5-chloromuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CnbD), 2-hydroxy-5-chloromuconic acid (2H5CM) tautomerase, and 2-amino-5-chloromuconic acid (2A5CM) deaminase (CnbH). In particular, the 2A5CM deaminase showed significant identities (31 to 38%) to subunit A of Asp-tRNAAsn/Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase and not to the previously identified deaminases for nitroaromatic compound degradation. Genetic cloning and expression of cnbH in Escherichia coli revealed that CnbH catalyzed the conversion of 2A5CM into 2H5CM and ammonium. Four other genes (cnbR, cnbE, cnbF, and cnbI) were tentatively identified according to their high sequence identities to other functionally identified genes. It was proposed that CnbH might represent a novel type of deaminase and be involved in a novel partial reductive pathway for chloronitrobenzene or nitrobenzene degradation.
Adaptive fuzzy controller for non-affine systems with zero dynamics

In this article, the direct adaptive fuzzy control problem is investigated for a class of general non-linear systems with zero dynamics. The direct adaptive fuzzy controller is developed based on a unified observer which is used to estimate the time derivatives of the output. The corrective term of the proposed observer involves a well-defined design function which is shown to be satisfied by the commonly used high-gain-based observers, namely for the usual high-gain observers and the sliding-mode observers together with their implementable versions. By using a general error function, and without resorting to the famous strictly positive real condition or the filtering of the observation error, a general proportional–integral (PI) law for updating the fuzzy parameters is proposed. Ultimately boundedness of the error signals is shown through Lyapunov's direct method. Theoretical results are illustrated through two simulation examples.
Three-Phase Multilevel PWM Rectifiers Based on Conventional Bidirectional Converters

Almost two decades of research on unidirectional three-phase multilevel boost-type pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifiers have shown the benefits of employing this technology to comply with power quality standards while assuring high efficiency and low volume and weight. However, the unidirectional topologies directly derived from the conventional three-level bidirectional converters, such as the neutral point clamped (NPC), the flying capacitor and the cascaded H-bridge converters have not been properly analyzed. This letter introduces some of the unidirectional topologies that arise from the inspection of the widespread conventional bidirectional converters. Special emphasis is put in the analysis of the NPC-based three-phase/-level PWM rectifier operating as power factor corrector.
Mutational analysis of the AGL gene: Five novel mutations in GSD III patients

Total or partial lack of glycogen debranching enzyme (GDE or AGL, amylo‐1,6‐glucosidase, 4‐α‐glucanotransferase) is responsible for Glycogen Storage Disease type III (GSDIII), a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glycogen metabolism. The clinical and biochemical features of GSDIII subjects are quite heterogeneous, and this mirrors the genotype‐phenotype heterogeneity among patients. In this paper, we report the molecular characterisation of five unrelated subjects, four Italian and one Tunisian. The following new mutations are described and confirm the genetic heterogeneity of this disease: p.R864X, p.R428K, c.3911 insA, p.G1087R and c. 3512_3549dup+c. 3512_3519del. The functional relevance of these mutations is discussed on the basis of the recently acquired knowledge about the boundaries and structures of the two catalytic domains. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does Disagreement Amongst Forecasters Have Predictive Value?

Forecasts from various experts are often used in macroeconomic forecasting models. Usually the focus is on the mean or median of the survey data. In the present study we adopt a different perspective on the survey data as we examine the predictive power of disagreement amongst forecasters. The premise is that this variable could signal upcoming structural or temporal changes in an economic process or in the predictive power of the survey forecasts. In our empirical work, we examine a variety of macroeconomic variables, and we use different measurements for the degree of disagreement, together with measures for location of the survey data and autoregressive components. Forecasts from simple linear models and forecasts from Markov regime-switching models with constant and with time-varying transition probabilities are constructed in real-time and compared on forecast accuracy. We find that disagreement has predictive power indeed and that this variable can be used to improve forecasts when used in Markov regime-switching models.
Social support: a genetic-epidemiologic analysis.

OBJECTIVE Social support is a widely used construct in the fields of mental health, sociology, and medicine and has typically been conceptualized as an environmental factor that influences the risk for dysfunction and disease. In this study a longitudinal twin design was used to clarify the etiology of social support. METHOD A 16-item social support inventory was administered at personal interview to a population-based sample of female twins twice, approximately 5 years apart. A twin measurement model-which permits an estimation of the etiologic role of genetic and environmental factors correcting for errors of measurement or short-term temporal fluctuations-was applied to these data. RESULTS Six factors, which were moderately stable over time, were found: relative problems, friend problems, relative support, confidants, friend support, and social integration. The best-fitting twin measurement models indicated that genetic factors were of substantial etiologic significance for all six social support scales. Heritabilities of the stable component of social support ranged from 43% to 75%. Familial-environmental factors contributed to twin resemblance only for relative problems and relative support. No evidence was found for significant biases in the twin method. CONCLUSIONS Measures of social support are moderately stable over time. When short-term fluctuations are corrected for, heritable factors are of substantial etiologic importance for social support as measured at personal interview. Treating social support solely as an environmental measure is probably incorrect. Through genetically influenced traits such as temperament, individuals play a substantial role in creating their own social environments.
Digital forgetting in information-centric networks—the CONVERGENCE perspective

The Web is rapidly becoming the prime medium for human socialization. As it evolves towards an information-centric operation, it records everything and forgets nothing, assuming that every online resource disclosed by people (photos, posts, multimedia files, etc.) is permanently valid and is to be stored forever. However, throughout their lives, people tend to change, both in their habits as well as in their views and opinions. In many situations, as the years go by, information released loses relevance or people may decide they no longer want others to access information they have previously published. The work presented in this paper strives for a new information persistence paradigm, whereby the enforcement of “digital forgetting” is implemented over an information-centric model for the Internet. The defined solution enables the definitive elimination of digital objects, either on-demand or on a pre-scheduled basis, and, hence, their “forgetting. ” The solution, conceived within the framework of the European project CONVERGENCE, is based on the employment of metadata descriptions about resources, which unambiguously identify their rightful owners. This additional data is efficiently bound to the resource through the use of an extended version of the MPEG-21 Digital Item specification, and its prescriptions are enforced by CONVERGENCE's distributed provisions.
Creating a Gold Standard for the Readability Measurement of Health Texts

Developing easy-to-read health texts for consumers continues to be a challenge in health communication. Though readability formulae such as Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level have been used in many studies, they were found to be inadequate to estimate the difficulty of some types of health texts. One impediment to the development of new readability assessment techniques is the absence of a gold standard that can be used to validate them. To overcome this deficiency, we have compiled a corpus of 324 health documents consisting of six different types of texts. These documents were manually reviewed and assigned a readability level (1-7 Likert scale) by a panel of five health literacy experts. The expert assigned ratings were found to be highly correlated with a patient representatives readability rating (r = 0.81, p<0.0001).