Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
When Self-Reliance Is Not Safe: Associations between Reduced Help-Seeking and Subsequent Mental Health Symptoms in Suicidal Adolescents

The majority of suicidal adolescents have no contact with mental health services, and reduced help-seeking in this population further lessens the likelihood of accessing treatment. A commonly-reported reason for not seeking help is youths’ perception that they should solve problems on their own. In this study, we explore associations between extreme self-reliance behavior (i.e., solving problems on your own all of the time), help-seeking behavior, and mental health symptoms in a community sample of adolescents. Approximately 2150 adolescents, across six schools, participated in a school-based suicide prevention screening program, and a subset of at-risk youth completed a follow-up interview two years later. Extreme self-reliance was associated with reduced help-seeking, clinically-significant depressive symptoms, and serious suicidal ideation at the baseline screening. Furthermore, in a subset of youth identified as at-risk at the baseline screening, extreme self-reliance predicted level of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms two years later even after controlling for baseline symptoms. Given these findings, attitudes that reinforce extreme self-reliance behavior may be an important target for youth suicide prevention programs. Reducing extreme self-reliance in youth with suicidality may increase their likelihood of appropriate help-seeking and concomitant reductions in symptoms.
Rap 1 mediates protective effects of iloprost against ventilator-induced lung injury

Birukova AA, Fu P, Xing J, Birukov KG. Rap1 mediates protective effects of iloprost against ventilator-induced lung injury. J Appl Physiol 107: 1900–1910, 2009. First published October 22, 2009; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00462. 2009. —Prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) has been shown to attenuate vascular constriction, hyperpermeability, inflammation, and acute lung injury. However, molecular mechanisms of PGI2 protective effects on pulmonary endothelial cells (EC) are not well understood. We tested a role of cAMP-activated Epac-Rap1 pathway in the barrier protective effects of PGI2 analog iloprost in the murine model of ventilator-induced lung injury. Mice were treated with iloprost (2 g/kg) after onset of high tidal volume ventilation (30 ml/kg, 4 h). Bronchoalveolar lavage, histological analysis, and measurements of Evans blue accumulation were performed. In vitro, microvascular EC barrier function was assessed by morphological analysis of agonist-induced gap formation and monitoring of Rho pathway activation and EC permeability. Iloprost reduced bronchoalveolar lavage protein content, neutrophil accumulation, capillary filtration coefficient, and Evans blue albumin extravasation caused by high tidal volume ventilation. Small-interfering RNA-based Rap1 knockdown inhibited protective effects of iloprost. In vitro, iloprost increased barrier properties of lung microvascular endothelium and alleviated thrombin-induced EC barrier disruption. In line with in vivo results, Rap1 depletion attenuated protective effects of iloprost in the thrombin model of EC permeability. These data describe for the first time protective effects for Rap1-dependent signaling against ventilator-induced lung injury and pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction.
Sub-linear Indexing for Large Scale Object Recognition

Realistic approaches to large scale object recognition, i.e. for detection and localisation of hundreds or more objects, must support sub-linear time indexing. In the paper, we propose a method capable of recognising one of N objects in log(N) time. The ”visual memory” is organised as a binary decision tree that is built to minimise average time to decision. Leaves of the tree represent a few local image areas, and each non-terminal node is associated with a ’weak classifier’. In the recognition phase, a single invariant measurement decides in which subtree a corresponding image area is sought. The method preserves all the strengths of local affine region methods – robustness to background clutter, occlusion, and large changes of viewpoints. Experimentally we show that it supports near real-time recognition of hundreds of objects with state-of-the-art recognition rates. After the test image is processed (in a second on a current PCs), the recognition via indexing into the visual memory requires milliseconds.
A Wigner-Ville, time-frequency approach to TNT detection in nuclear quadrupole resonance experiments

To minimize the risks involved in humanitarian demining requires a sensitivity setting close to unity, resulting in a very high false alarm rate. Nuclear quadrupole resonance detection, based on the spin echoes from nuclear spin relaxation, is a promising example of a highly specific detector that directly addresses the properties of the explosive rather than the mine casing. However, the data aquisition time necessary to obtain a sufficiently high sensitivity is long due to the extremely poor signal-to-noise-ratio of the spin echoes. Besides improvements in the hardware, it is important to pursue better signal analytic techniques. We present a time-frequency approach based on theWigner-Ville quasi-distribution for the analysis of nuclear quadrupole resonance data. We calculate ROC curves for real data obtained under laboratory conditions and show the technique presents a substantial improvement over popular demodulation techniques, especially for signals with poor signal-to-noise ratio.
OPTIMAL BASE-STATIONS LOCATIONS IN THE LMDS WIRELESS DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

The subject of this paper is the task of designing the LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution System) wireless broad-band data transmission system. The apparatus of operational research and mathematical programming by using statistical kernel estimators and fuzzy logic is applied to find optimal locations of its base-stations. A procedure which allows to obtain such locations on the base of potential customer distribution and their expected demand, also in the cases of uncertain and non-stationary data, is presented here. Copyright © 2002 IFAC
TypeChef: toward type checking #ifdef variability in C

Software product lines have gained momentum as an approach to generate many variants of a program, each tailored to a specific use case, from a common code base. However, the implementation of product lines raises new challenges, as potentially millions of program variants are developed in parallel. In prior work, we and others have developed product-line-aware type systems to detect type errors in a product line, without generating all variants. With TypeChef, we build a similar type checker for product lines written in C that implements variability with #ifdef directives of the C preprocessor. However, a product-line-aware type system for C is more difficult than expected due to several peculiarities of the preprocessor, including lexical macros and unrestricted use of #ifdef directives. In this paper, we describe the problems faced and our progress to solve them with TypeChef. Although TypeChef is still under development and cannot yet process arbitrary C code, we demonstrate its capabilities so far with a case study: By type checking the open-source web server Boa with potentially 2110 variants, we found type errors in several variants.
Biomimetic artificial cartilage: fibre‐reinforcement of PVA hydrogel to promote biphasic lubrication mechanism

The fibre-reinforced structure in synovial articular cartilage plays an important role in enhancing the fluid load support in the biphasic lubrication mechanism. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel is a potential biomimetic articular cartilage material. In this study, PVA hydrogel was reinforced with PVA fibres to improve its frictional properties. By computational analysis, the position of the PVA fibre layer was examined with a migrating contact condition to reduce the friction coefficient. To improve the fibre reinforcement, a method for fibre placement was developed to retain the initial strain of the fibre in the hydrogel matrix. The experimental results showed that the fibre-reinforced PVA hydrogel with a surface fibre layer had a low friction coefficient of 0.031 in pure water. The fibre-reinforced PVA hydrogel successfully reduced friction coefficient.
Graphene Nanoplatelet Production Through Non-Ionic Surfactant-Assisted Exfoliation of Graphite

i Acknowledgements . ii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 Graphene and its Applications . 1 1.2 Production Methods . 2 1.3 Objective and Outline . 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 6 2.1 Intrinsic Properties of Graphene . 6 2.2 Binding Forces of Graphene Layers . 7 2.3 Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide . 9 2.4 Ultrasonication and Liquid Phase Exfoliation . 11 2.5 Choice of Dispersion Medium in Liquid-Phase Exfoliation . 13 2.6 Poloxamers . 13 2.7 Shear Mixing and Scale-up . 17 Chapter 3: Exfoliation via Ultrasonication . 21 3.
Calcific Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy

Background Recalcitrant calcific insertional Achilles tendinopathy is difficult to treat. Hypothesis Bursectomy, excision of the distal paratenon, disinsertion of the tendon, removal of the calcific deposit, and reinsertion of the Achilles tendon with bone anchors is safe and effective. Study Design Longitudinal study. Methods Twenty-one patients (six women) (21 feet) (average age 46.9 ± 6.4 years) with recalcitrant calcific insertional Achilles tendinopathy were treated surgically with removal of the calcific deposit; the Achilles tendon was reinserted with bone anchors. Results At an average follow-up of 48.4 months, one patient necessitated a further operation. Eleven patients reported an excellent result, and five a good result. The remaining five patients could not return to their normal levels of sporting activity and kept fit by alternative means. The results of the VISA-A questionnaire were markedly improved in all patients, from an average of 62.4% to 88.1%. Conclusions We recommend disinsertion of the Achilles tendon to excise the calcific deposit fully and reinsertion of the Achilles tendon in the calcaneus with suture anchors. No patient experienced a traumatic disinsertion of the reattached tendon. However, five patients were not able to return to their original level of physical activity.
The role of porosity and solid matrix compressibility on the mechanical behavior of poroelastic tissues

We investigate the dependence of the mechanical and hydraulic properties of poroelastic materials on the interstitial volume fraction (porosity) of the fluid flowing through their pores and compressibility of their elastic (matrix) phase. The mechanical behavior of the matrix is assumed of linear elastic type and we conduct a three-dimensional microstructural analysis by means of the asymptotic homogenization technique exploiting the length scale separation between the pores (pore-scale or microscale) and the average tissue size (the macroscale). The coefficients of the model are therefore obtained by suitable averages which involve the solutions of periodic cell problems at the pore-scale. The latter are solved numerically by finite elements in a cubic cell by assuming a cross-shaped interconnected cylindrical structure which results in a cubic symmetric stiffness tensor on the macroscale. Therefore, the macroscale response of the material is fully characterized by six parameters, namely the elastic Young’s and shear moduli, Poisson’s ratio, the hydraulic conductivity, and the poroelastic parameters, i.e. Biot’s modulus and Biot’s coefficient. We present our findings in terms of a parametric analysis conducted by varying the porosity as well as the Poisson’s ratio of the matrix. Our novel three-dimensional results, which are presented in the context of tumor modeling, serve as a robust first step to (a) quantify the macroscale response of poroelastic materials on the basis of their underlying microstructure, (b) relate the compressibility of the tissue, which can be used to distinguish between benign tumor and cancer, to its microstructural properties (such as porosity), and (c) reveal a nontrivial dependency of Biot’s modulus on porosity and compressibility of the matrix, which can pave the way to the optimal design of artificial constructs in terms of fluid volume available for transport of mass and solutes.
Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy and resection specimens.

AIMS: To compare the sensitivity of detecting Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy and resection specimens using tinctorial and silver impregnation stains, immunohistochemistry and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: Formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue from 33 gastric biopsy specimens (26 showing chronic gastritis and seven showing low grade mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma) together with blocks of uninvolved mucosa from gastrectomy specimens for MALT lymphoma (five cases) were studied. Consecutive sections were stained using haematoxylin and eosin, Giemsa, the Warthin-Starry silver stain, and a polyclonal antibody directed against H pylori using an immunoperoxidase technique following heat induced antigen retrieval. PCR analysis of DNA extracted from a further section was carried out using primers which amplified a 411 base pair fragment of the urease A gene. RESULTS: H pylori was detected in 14 (37%) sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin, 21 (55%) with Giemsa, 23 (61%) with Warthin-Starry, and 25 (66%) stained with the antibody. Seventeen (45%) cases were positive on PCR. Immunohistochemistry was positive in all cases in which H pylori was detected by other methods. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemistry using an immunoperoxidase technique following heat induced antigen retrieval for detecting H pylori in gastric biopsy and resection specimens is highly sensitive and easy to use.
Application of Capacitance Sensors for Monitoring Oil-Water Separation Processes

This paper describes the construction and experimental evaluation of a novel capacitance based instrument for monitoring oil-water separation processes. The electronic circuitry to measure the electrical capacitance, originally developed by UMIST for tomographic applications, is based on the charge-discharge principle. The evaluation of the developed system took place in the existing transparent oil-water separator in the Pilot Plant facility at UMIST. During the experiments, the dynamic behaviour of the multiphase flow within the packed bed of inclined separator plates has been monitored in-situ and on-line for various total flow rates as well as varying oil/water ratios in the mixture. The applied capacitance sensor enabled the measurement of the thickness of oil and water layers along the length of the separator plates as well as the emulsion phase, which is a critical parameter from the viewpoint of the separator’s efficiency.
Lexical Substitution as a Framework for Multiword Evaluation

In this paper we analyse data from the SemEval lexical substitution task in those cases where the annotators indicated that the target word was part of a phrase before substituting the target with a synonym. We classify the types of phrases that were provided in this way by the annotators in order to evaluate the utility of the method as a means of producing a gold-standard for multiword evaluation. Multiword evaluation is a difficult area because lexical resources are not complete and peoples judgments on multiwords vary. Whilst we do not believe lexical substitution is necessarily a panacea for multiword evaluation, we do believe it is a useful methodology because the annotator is focused on the task of substitution. Following the analysis, we make some recommendations which would make the data easier to classify.
Element Content (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) of the Ruderal Plant Verbascum olympicum Boiss. from East Mediterranean

In this study, heavy metal content (Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) was determined in soils and different organs of Verbascum olympicum Boiss. This species is endemic to Uludağ and spreads on destroyed areas such as: roadsides, developed building areas, ski lift stations and sheep folds. Soils and different organs (roots, stems, leaves and flowers) of plant samples were analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for determining the element content. Heavy metal contents in soils and different organs in this species were highly correlated (P < 0.05). However, the contribution of plant organs to the accumulation capacity varied according to the metal. These results suggest that this species may be useful as a bioindicator for heavy metals.
Acoustic channel drop tunneling in a phononic crystal

We study both theoretically and experimentally the possibility of resonant tunneling of acoustic waves between two parallel guides created in a phononic crystal composed of steel cylinders in water. In the absolute band gap of the phononic crystal, ranging from 250to325kHz, a full transmission band exists for propagation inside a straight waveguide. We show that the transfer of a particular wavelength can occur between two parallel waveguides coupled together through an appropriate coupling structure. The latter is composed of isolated cavities interacting with stubs located at the sides of the waveguides.
Control Model for Dynamic RDF Datasets

Access Control Model for Dynamic RDF Datasets Giorgos Flouris, Irini Fundulaki, and Vassilis Papakonstantinou 1 FORTH-ICS, Greece 2 CWI, The Netherlands 3 University of Crete, Greece {fgeo,fundul,papv}@ics.forth. gr Abstract. Given the increasing amount of sensitive RDF data availGiven the increasing amount of sensitive RDF data available on the Web, it becomes increasingly critical to guarantee secure access to this content. Access control is complicated when RDFS inference rules and other dependencies between access permissions of triples need to be considered; this is necessary, e.g., when we want to associate the access permissions of inferred triples with the ones that implied it. In this paper we advocate the use of abstract provenance models that are defined by means of abstract tokens and operators to support finegrained access control for RDF graphs. The access label of a triple is a complex expression that encodes how said label was produced (i.e., the triples that contributed to its computation). This feature allows us to know exactly the effects of any possible change, thereby avoiding a complete recomputation of the labels when a change occurs. In addition, the same application can choose to enforce different access control policies or, different applications can enforce different policies on the same data, avoiding the recomputation of the label of a triple. Preliminary experiments have shown the applicability and benefits of our approach.
Notch1 Is Not Required for Acinar-to-Ductal Metaplasia in a Model of Kras-Induced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is believed to arise from precursor lesions termed pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Mouse models have demonstrated that targeted expression of activated K-ras to mature acinar cells in the pancreas induces the spontaneous development of PanIN lesions; implying acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a key event in this process. Recent studies suggest Notch signaling is a key regulator of ADM. To assess if Notch1 is required for K-ras driven ADM we employed both an in vivo mouse model and in vitro explant culture system, in which an oncogenic allele of K-ras is activated and Notch1 is deleted simultaneously in acinar cells. Our results demonstrate that oncogenic K-ras is sufficient to drive ADM both in vitro and in vivo but that loss of Notch1 has a minimal effect on this process. Interestingly, while loss of Notch1 in vivo does not affect the severity of PanIN lesions observed, the overall numbers of lesions were greater in mice with deleted Notch1. This suggests Notch1 deletion renders acinar cells more susceptible to formation of K-ras-induced PanINs.
North Atlantic Blue and Fin Whales Suspend Their Spring Migration to Forage in Middle Latitudes: Building up Energy Reserves for the Journey?

The need to balance energy reserves during migration is a critical factor for most long-distance migrants and an important determinant of migratory strategies in birds, insects and land mammals. Large baleen whales migrate annually between foraging and breeding sites, crossing vast ocean areas where food is seldom abundant. How whales respond to the demands and constraints of such long migrations remains unknown. We applied a behaviour discriminating hierarchical state-space model to the satellite tracking data of 12 fin whales and 3 blue whales tagged off the Azores, to investigate their movements, behaviour (transiting and area-restricted search, ARS) and daily activity cycles during the spring migration. Fin and blue whales remained at middle latitudes for prolonged periods, spending most of their time there in ARS behaviour. While near the Azores, fin whale ARS behaviour occurred within a restricted area, with a high degree of overlap among whales. There were noticeable behavioural differences along the migratory pathway of fin whales tracked to higher latitudes: ARS occurred only in the Azores and north of 56°N, whereas in between these areas whales travelled at higher overall speeds while maintaining a nearly direct trajectory. This suggests fin whales may alternate periods of active migration with periods of extended use of specific habitats along the migratory route. ARS behaviour in blue whales occurred over a much wider area as whales slowly progressed northwards. The tracks of these whales terminated still at middle latitudes, before any behavioural switch was detected. Fin whales exhibited behavioural-specific diel rhythms in swimming speed but these varied significantly between geographic areas, possibly due to differences in the day-night cycle across areas. Finally, we show a link between fin whales seen in the Azores and those summering in eastern Greenland-western Iceland along a migratory corridor located in central Atlantic waters.
Statistical Ocean-Acoustics and Environmental Inversion After Stochastic Propagation and Scattering

Abstract : LONG-TERM GOAL The long term goal of this research is to provide a unified statistical theory for ocean acoustic measurements made after stochastic propagation and scattering that includes procedures for quantitatively evaluating the performance of environmantal or target parameter estimates derived from these measurements. OBJECTIVES. (A) In recent years, a wide variety of acoustic techniques have been developed to probe the marine environment. These techniques typically require the nonlinear inversion of acoustic field data measured on a hydrophone array. The data, however, are often randomized by the addition of naturally occurring ambient noise or by fluctuations in the waveguide's refractive index and boundaries. The nonlinear inversion of random data often leads to estimates with biases and variances that are difficult to quantify analytically. It has become popular in recent years to (1) simply assume that biases are negligible and to (2) compute limiting bounds on the variance of these nonlinear estimators, since these bounds are usually much easier to obtain than the actual variance. A major problem, however, is that the estimators may be strongly biased and that the bounds are only guaranteed to converge to the true variance of the estimator under sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). One of the primary objectives of this year s research is to apply higher order asymptotic theory to derive general expressions for the 1st-order-bias and 2nd-order-variance of a general maximum likelihood estimate and to apply these expressions in a variety of ocean acoustic inverse problems, such as matched field processing, matched field inversion and active sonar range estimate.