Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linkage between CEO characteristics and OI adoption in innovative SMEs

In small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), where typically the decision making process is highly centralised, important decisions, such as open innovation (OI) adoption, will be strongly influenced by their chief executive officers (CEOs). Using upper echelon theory, this paper attempts to explore how the CEOs? demographic characteristics and personal traits influence the adoption of OI. A regression analysis on 306 innovation-oriented Korean manufacturing SMEs shows that the adoption of OI can be better understood by considering CEO characteristics as important OI determinants. However, the findings also show that the CEO traits affect the adoption of OI in different ways according to the nature of OI, i.e., knowledge flow direction and required skills and experience. This study has practical implications for CEOs who are in the process of implementing OI and for policy makers who are interested in stimulating SMEs? innovation performance.
Adenoviral VEGF‐C overexpression induces blood vessel enlargement, tortuosity, and leakiness but no sprouting angiogenesis in the skin or mucous membranes

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are important regulators of blood and lymphatic vessel growth and vascular permeability. The VEGF‐C/VEGFR‐3 signaling pathway is crucial for lymphangiogenesis, and heterozygous inactivating missense mutations of the VEGFR‐3 gene are associated with hereditary lymphedema. However, VEGF‐C can have potent effects on blood vessels because its receptor VEGFR‐3 is expressed in certain blood vessels and because the fully processed form of VEGF‐C also binds to the VEGFR‐2 of blood vessels. To characterize the in vivo effects of VEGF‐C on blood and lymphatic vessels, we have overexpressed VEGF‐C via adenovirus‐and adeno‐associated virus‐mediated transfection in the skin and respiratory tract of athymic nude mice. This resulted in dose‐dependent enlargement and tortuosity of veins, which, along with the collecting lymphatic vessels were found to express VEGFR‐2. Expression of angiopoietin 1 blocked the increased leakiness of the blood vessels induced by VEGF‐C whereas vessel enlargement and lymphangiogenesis were not affected. However, angiogenic sprouting of new blood vessels was not observed in response to AdVEGF‐C or AAV‐VEGF‐C. These results show that virally produced VEGF‐C induces blood vessel changes, including vascular leak, but its angiogenic potency is much reduced compared with VEGF in normal skin. —Saaristo, A. , Veikkola, T. , Enholm, B. Hytönen, M. , Arola, J., Pajusola, K. , Turunen, P., Jeltsch, M. , Karkkainen, M. J., Kerjaschki, D. , Bueler, H. , Ylä‐Herttuala, S. , Alitalo, K. Adenoviral VEGF‐C overexpression induces blood vessel enlargement, tortuosity, and leakiness but no sprouting angiogenesis in the skin or mucous membranes. FASEB J. 16, 1041–1049 (2002)
Intangible-Specific Non-Financial Disclosures and Cost of Capital: Evidence from the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry

This paper studies the impact of the forward looking intangibles-specific non-financial and textual disclosures on the annual reports (including MD&A, etc.) of 25 biggest Pharmaceutical firms listed in the United States. Using a mixed research method the information from the annual reports are categorized into two sections, (i.) ‘existence of disclosure’, and (ii.) ‘quality of disclosure. ’ Evidence from this study shows that, overall, the intangibles-specific non-financial and textual information does not have any explanatory power. However, when the information is sub-divided into communication types (Strategy, Human Resources, etc.) then Customer & Market and Innovation & IPR are found to explain the expected stock returns — which is a measure of a firm’s cost of capital.
Neurobehavioral Effects of Levetiracetam in Brain Tumor Related Epilepsy

The neurobehavioral profile of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) has been a recurrent research topic in the scientific literature. As pharmacological treatments for epilepsy continue to evolve, there is a general consensus that newer AEDs have less detrimental side effects in comparison to their older counterparts. Among newer AEDs and epilepsy patients, potential risk for neurobehavioral changes has been reported with levetiracetam (LEV). Conversely, limited data exists regarding the manifestation of this symptomatology in a subgroup of epilepsy patients with brain tumors. The current paper reviews the literature regarding the neurobehavioral profile of LEV in brain tumor related epilepsy and suggestions for future research will be discussed.
Protective Effect of Total Flavones of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medic Against Poststroke Depression Injury in Mice and Its Action Mechanism

Total flavones of Abelmoschus manihot L. Medic (TFA) is the major active component isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Abelmoschus manihot L. Medic. We investigated the protective effect of TFA against poststroke depression (PSD) injury in mice and its action mechanism. A mouse model of PSD was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MACO) 30 min/reperfusion, followed by isolation feeding and chronic unpredictable mild stress for 2 weeks. Treatment groups received TFA at three different doses (160, 80, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) or fluoxetine (Flu, 2.5 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 24 days. Change in behavior, brain tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) were measured. The expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was detected by immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression of BDNF and cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) analyzed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Treatment with TFA (160, 80, and 40 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated mice escape‐directed behavioral impairment induced by PSD, markedly reduced MDA levels, and increased the activity of SOD, GSH‐Px close to normal levels. TFA administration also attenuated PSD‐induced neuronal death/losses, upregulated expression of BDNF both at mRNA and protein levels, as well as CREB mRNA levels. TFA had a protective effect against PSD injury in mice. Cardioprotection involves the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and upregulation of BDNF‐CREB levels in the hippocampus, which may also be important mechanism of its antidepressants. This potential protection makes TFA a promising therapeutic agent for the PSD. Anat Rec, 292:412–422, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Assessment of Frameworks Useful for Public Land Recreation Planning

McCool, Stephen F. ; Clark, Roger N. ; Stankey, George, H. 2007. An assessment of frameworks useful for public land recreation planning. Gen. Tech Rep. PNW-GTR-705. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 125 p. Public land managers are confronted with an ever-growing and diversifying set of demands for providing recreation opportunities. Coupled with a variety of trends (devolution of governance and decisionmaking, population growth, technological innovation, shifts in public values, economic restructuring) and reduced organizational capacity, these demands represent a significant and complex challenge to public land management. One way of dealing with this situation is to use a framework to assist in working through this complexity. A framework, for the purpose of this report, is a process using a set of steps, based on sound science, that assists managers in framing a particular problem, working through it, and arriving at a set of defendable decisions. Several such frameworks exist for providing recreation opportunities on public lands. These include the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum, Limits of Acceptable Change, Visitor Experience and Resource Protection, Visitor Impact Management, and Benefits-Based Management. The report traces the development of each of these frameworks, describes the fundamental premises and concepts used within them, and provides an assessment of the experience with their use. Each of the frameworks has been used with varying success, depending on the organization’s will, its technical capacity, the extent to which the process is inclusive of varying value systems, how open and deliberative the process is, the extent to which the organization is concerned with effectiveness, and the extent to which issues are confronted at the systems level.
An Analysis of Port Selection

The objective of this research is to study the competition among ports. In particular we study the relation between port characteristics and port market share of maritime traffic. Maritime carriers make two primary decisions that affect ports. In the long-term, they assign vessels to routes. In the short-term, they assign each shipment to a vessel and, with that vessel, a port. In this research, we assume that vessel schedules are fixed and model the assignment of shipments as a function of the attributes that describe each port. For a carrier, some assignments are simpler than other assignments. Each assignment should, however, take into account the same criteria. We begin by examining the scheduling of vessels for its effect on the assignment of shipments. We measure the impact of being a vessel's first or last port of call on a port's market share, and we discuss factors that might influence these schedules. We then examine the assignment to ports for exports of various commodity types as a function of geographic location (oceanic and inland distances), port characteristics (vessel capacity and port charges), and characteristics of vessel schedules (frequency and the order ofvisits). We use a multinomial choice model to analyze port choice. We find that the most significant factors are the geographic factors, which are beyond port control. The factors that ports can influence directly appear to be of far less significance. We also find that the choice processes vary with commodity type as well as carrier. The decisions are also found to differ between local and discretionary cargo. Our findings could affect decisions made by port managers as well as carriers or shippers. With the recognition of geographic advantages, port managers could focus marketing more effectively. Recognizing the impact of each carrier's schedules, they could suggest changes to carriers presently visiting the port or recruit new carriers to use present facilities more efficiently. Port managers could also evaluate more effectively investments designed to increase market share. Facilities or technologies could be incremented with a more accurate vision of future traffic levels at individual ports.
Dual-Frequency Circularly-Polarized Patch Antenna With Compact Size and Small Frequency Ratio

A novel probe-fed single-layer annular-ring patch antenna for dual-frequency circular polarization is evaluated numerically and experimentally verified. The proposed antenna consists of a small circular patch surrounded by two concentric annular-rings, which is loaded by an unequal lateral cross-slot ground plane. The circularly-polarized frequency ratio of the two resonant modes is tunable to a small value, suitable for wireless communications systems. The patch size of the proposed antenna is reduced by about 53% compared to the conventional circular patch at a given frequency. The radiation characteristics of the novel antenna are also presented.
A Study on Factors Affecting the Participation of Social Manufacturing Platforms

The rapid changes in consumption patterns and the manufacturing industry environment are both a threat and an opportunity for small and medium-sized enterprises in Korea because it lacks innovative capacity compared to large conglomerates. In this new manufacturing environment, social manufacturing is an innovative business model that can create new business opportunities for these companies. However, there are not that many proven models of platforms where products are created jointly with consumers. Some conceptual analysis of the success factors and operation strategy of co-creation platforms have started to be released but there are almost no empirical studies conducted on this matter today. In this study, the social manufacturing platform business concept and its components were studied; various factors that affect the willingness to participate in consumer-led co-creation platforms were considered; the factors were surveyed on potential consumers; a study was carried out to analyze the relationship of these factors; a model of these factors were set up and proven.
Authentication Protocols with Time Stamps: -- Encryption Algorithm Dependent

In this paper, we point out that authentication protocols with time stamps are encryption algorithm dependent. They are vulnerable to replay attack if stream ciphers are used. A detailed attack is given in this paper. Nodes of sensor networks and home networks are resource limited. One encryption algorithm instead of two should be used for sensor networks and home networks for saving memory space. An authentication protocol which is encryption algorithm dependent is needed for sensor networks and home networks.
Stepwise Formation of Multilayered Nanostructural Films from Macromolecular Precursors

Sequential adsorption of a cationic polyelectrolyte and individual sheets of the silicate mineral hectorite has allowed controlled, stepwise formation of multilayered films on silicon wafers. Each component adsorbs rapidly by an ion-exchange mechanism, and x-ray diffractometry indicates structural order even in films with thicknesses greater than 0.2 micrometer. The large lateral extent of the silicate sheets (about 25 to 35 nanometers) allows each layer to cover any packing defects in the underlying layer, thus preserving structural order in the growing film. With careful choice of component materials, this method should allow for the preparation of multilayered films with a variety of technologically important properties.
Consumer decision model of intelectual property theft in emerging markets

The increasing importance of digital piracy has prompted research on the behavioural and economics origins of illegal downloading activities. This research focuses on the potential impact of various economic, psychological and social factors on the consumer decision whether to buy or to steal music in emerging markets. These markets present specific difficulties for owners of intellectual property rights due to the high level of both downloading and ‘sharing’ of digital property. Results indicate impacts of price, downloaded music quality, ease of Internet use, attitudes toward music industry and ethical perception of music downloading on consumer purchase or pirate decision.
Do Individual Auditors Affect Clients’ Real Activities Manipulation? Evidence of Learning and Auditor Quality

We find empirical evidence that clients’ real activities manipulation (RAM) varies across individual auditors. More specifically, both audit-firm and individual-auditor fixed effects on RAM are significant; yet only the latter remain significant in regressions including auditors’ propensity to issue qualified audit opinions as an explanatory variable. This incremental effect of individual auditors on RAM is beyond what is proxied by qualified audit opinions. We also find that auditors’ personal demographics have limited power in explaining RAM’s variation. Taken together, these findings suggest that audit quality take root in individual auditors, who influence clients’ economic decisions, not just accounting policy choices.
Competitive Pressure, Export Status and Financial Constraints in Transition Economies

This paper examines the relationship between competitive pressure and financial constraints using firm-level survey data from 27 transition economies of East Europe and Central Asia. Firms exposed to greater competitive pressure from domestic and foreign sources are found to be more likely to report serious financial constraints, to be greatly affected by credit rationing, and to pledge more collateral. The association between credit rationing and competitive pressure does not hold for exporters, suggesting that export activities improve ex-post firms’ access to credit by signaling their resilience to domestic and foreign competition. Firms with foreign ownership are also found to be less affected by financial constraints and credit rationing, as they rely less intensely on bank credit.
Contracting and Firm Survival in Nascent Markets Enabled by Information Technology

Application service providers (ASP), who host and maintain Information Technology (IT) applications across the Internet, emerged as an innovation in the way IT services are delivered to client firms. In spite of many potential benefits to user firms, ASPs experienced business failure and high rates of exit. Drawing upon agency theory, we argue that the failure rates of ASPs can be explained by the efficiency in contracting arrangements between ASPs and client organizations. To test these predictions, we construct a unique dataset combining multiple sources that allows us to track each ASP from the year of founding through the beginning of 2006. We show that contractual misalignment, or adopting inefficient contracts, significantly lowers the probability of survival of service providers in the ASP marketplace. The impact of misalignment is particularly severe when coupled with adjustment costs that impede the transition to aligned contracts. To account for the heterogeneity in ASPs' knowledge of contracting, we test for endogenous self-selection of ASPs in the relationship between contractual misalignment and survival. Our results are robust to a variety of model specifications as well as alternate explanations of survival from industrial organization, organizational ecology and the resource-based view of the firm.
Buyer satisfaction and loyalty intention in online auctions: Online auction web site versus online auction seller

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of the influential factors of buyer satisfaction and loyalty toward online auction web sites and online auction sellers. Customers' loyalty toward the online auction web site and seller is also explored.Design/methodology/approach – An internet survey is conducted on 221 buyers of online auction.Findings – Loyalty intention toward an online auction seller positively affects a buyer's loyalty intention toward the online auction web site, whereas his/her loyalty intention toward the online auction web site negatively affects his/her loyalty intention toward the online auction seller.Research limitations/implications – The first is in its cross‐sectional design. Second, this paper examines the antecedents of the online auction web site and the online auction seller in a single country. The findings may have limited generalizability to other countries.Practical implications – The results of this paper provide less positive news for online auction sel.
Evaluation of Teachers in Higher Education

Evaluation of teachers in higher education has long been considered as one of the important issues in personnel management. With further reforms on personnel system, management by capacity in the past has to be changed into management by responsibility. Evaluation of teachers after appointment turns out to be more important. So, it is an urgent task to find out a better method for evaluation, which brings an important task to higher educational reforms.
Recognition of Monosyllabic Words by Cochlear Implant Patients and by Normal-Hearing Subjects Listening to Words Processed through Cochlear Implant Signal Processing Strategies

was a significant difference in familiarity between words on the LNT, MLNT, and PBK (p < .0001 ). The LNT words were rated as the most familiar, followed by the MLNT and then the PBK words. There were no significant differences in familiarity of the stimuli as a function of lexical difficulty for either the LNT or the MLNT. In addition, within each word list, word familiarity did not differ significantly between children in the oral communication group and those in the total communication group.
Patient Innovation: its prevalence, antecedents and impact

In order to maintain the level of healthcare that we now associate with developed countries, innovation is imperative. Previous literature has shown that patients of chronic diseases are often involved in the development of new treatments and medical devices to help them cope with their health-condition. However the innovation developed by patients is often ignored or even rejected. A possible approach to address this issue is to open up healthcare innovation, by allowing patients and their caregivers to become themselves active contributors to the innovation process. In this context, the aim of this dissertation is to (1) quantify the extent to which patients and caregivers of rare diseases innovate, (2) find demographic and non-demographic antecedents of patient innovation, and (3) assess how the innovations impact the lives of patients. A telephone survey was conducted with the main objective of measuring the extent to which respondents had innovated, or not. 496 patients and caregivers of 250 rare diseases responded to the survey. Following the data collection we performed a descriptive analysis of the data and a multiple logistic regression to identify statistically relevant predictor variables of patient innovators. We found that 13% of respondents had innovated, and the variables that emerged as predictors of being an innovator are: higher level of education, being unemployed or looking after at home, being aware of the expenses with the disease, and Information and Communication Technology readiness. On the other side, being single has a negative impact on the propensity to innovate when compared with being married. Moreover, in a 7-point Likert scale measuring the quality of life of the patient, the innovations led to an average improvement of 2.4 points. Not only are patients developing completely new-to-the-market innovations, that are improving the patients’ quality of life, but they also assume the risks of trying solutions that had not yet been tested. This study suggests that the current producer-based and paternalistic healthcare model should be revised, so patients are given the chance of playing a more proactive role.