Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Encoding of Synthetic Aperture Radar Raw Data using Compressed Sensing

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is active and coherent microwave high resolution imaging system, which has the capability to image in all weather and day-night conditions. SAR transmits chirp signals and the received echoes are sampled into In-phase (I) and Quadrature (Q) components, generally referred to as raw SAR data. The various modes of SAR coupled with the high resolution and wide swath requirements result in a huge amount of data, which will easily exceed the on-board storage and downlink bandwidth of a satellite. This paper addresses the compression of the raw SAR data by sampling the signal below Nyquist rate using ideas from Compressed Sensing (CS). Due to the low computational resources available onboard satellite, the idea is to use a simple encoder, with a 2D FFT and a random sampler. Decoding is then based on convex optimization or uses greedy algorithms such as Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP).
Rendering Artistic Line Drawings Using Off-the-Shelf 3-D Software

Most commercial 3-D software packages used for animated films and still picture production offer merely rudimentary support for non-photorealistic rendering. However, nearly all of these packages possess interfaces which allow the user to add custom shader programs. We present a solution which uses a custom shader combined with post-processing software in order to draw outlines and creases of 3-D scenes in a way which simulates artistic tools like pencils and ink brushes.
Dynamically validating static memory leak warnings

File Edit Options Buffers Tools TeX Help Memory leaks have significant impact on software availability, performance, and security. Static analysis has been widely used to find memory leaks in C/C++ programs. Although a static analysis is able to find all potential leaks in a program, it often reports a great number of false warnings. Manually validating these warnings is a daunting task, which significantly limits the practicality of the analysis. In this paper, we develop a novel dynamic technique that automatically validates and categorizes such warnings to unleash the power of static memory leak detectors. Our technique analyzes each warning that contains information regarding the leaking allocation site and the leaking path, generates test cases to cover the leaking path, and tracks objects created by the leaking allocation site. Eventually, warnings are classified into four categories: MUST-LEAK, LIKELY-NOT-LEAK, BLOAT, and MAY-LEAK. Warnings in MUST-LEAK are guaranteed by our analysis to be true leaks. Warnings in LIKELY-NOT-LEAK are highly likely to be false warnings. Although we cannot provide any formal guarantee that they are not leaks, we have high confidence that this is the case. Warnings in BLOAT are also not likely to be leaks but they should be fixed to improve performance. Using our approach, the developer's manual validation effort needs to be focused only on warnings in the category MAY-LEAK, which is often much smaller than the original set.
Mobile Ad-hoc Network Performance Analysis: A Survey

Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network in a sell organized network having dynamic topology and nodes uses shared channel with wireless links for communication with each other. In mobile environment, nodes can join and leave the network any time and there is no provision to monitor and control their activities. Due to the excessive node movement in the network, it may be unstable and control over head increases. In mobile environment network performance may suffer in terms of Packet loss, Routing information loss Congestion, Contention, Variation in routing load and Variation in throughput etc. So in this paper, we will explore the efforts done by the other researchers in order to overcome from all these issues. Keywords- Wireless Ad hoc networks, Black Hole, Security, flooding, Attacks
A mobile video traffic analysis: Badly designed video clients can waste network bandwidth

Video streaming on mobile devices is on the rise. According to recent reports, mobile video streaming traffic accounted for 52.8% of total mobile data traffic in 2011, and it is forecast to reach 66.4% in 2015. We analyzed the network traffic behaviors of the two most popular HTTP-based video streaming services: YouTube and Netflix. Our research indicates that the network traffic behavior depends on factors such as the type of device, multimedia applications in use and network conditions. Furthermore, we found that a large part of the downloaded video content can be unaccepted by a video player even though it is successfully delivered to a client. This unwanted behavior often occurs when the video player changes the resolution in a fluctuating network condition and the playout buffer is full while downloading a video. Some of the measurements show that the discarded data may exceed 35% of the total video content.
Balance Impairments after Brachial Plexus Injury as Assessed through Clinical and Posturographic Evaluation

Objective: To investigate whether a sensorimotor deficit of the upper limb following a brachial plexus injury (BPI) affects the upright balance. Design: Eleven patients with a unilateral BPI and 11 healthy subjects were recruited. The balance assessment included the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the number of feet touches on the ground while performing a 60 s single-leg stance and posturographic assessment (eyes open and feet placed hip-width apart during a single 60 s trial). The body weight distribution (BWD) between the legs was estimated from the center of pressure (COP) lateral position. The COP variability was quantified in the anterior-posterior and lateral directions. Results: BPI patients presented lower BBS scores (p = 0.048) and a higher frequency of feet touches during the single-leg stance (p = 0.042) compared with those of the healthy subjects. An asymmetric BWD toward the side opposite the affected arm was shown by 73% of BPI patients. Finally, higher COP variability was observed in BPI patients compared with healthy subjects for anterior-posterior (p = 0.020), but not for lateral direction (p = 0.818). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that upper limb sensorimotor deficits following BPI affect body balance, serving as a warning for the clinical community about the need to prevent and treat the secondary outcomes of this condition.
Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells: A Potential Strategy for the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury

Skeletal muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) have been thoroughly investigated and already used in preclinical studies. However, therapeutic potential of MDSPCs isolated using preplate isolation technique for acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been evaluated. We aimed to characterize rat MDSPCs, compare them with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and evaluate the feasibility of MDSPCs therapy for gentamicin-induced AKI in rats. We have isolated and characterized rat MDSPCs and BM-MSCs. Characteristics of rat BM-MSCs and MDSPCs were assessed by population doubling time, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR, and multipotent differentiation capacity. Gentamicin-induced AKI model in rat was used to examine MDSPCs therapeutic effect. Physiological and histological kidney parameters were determined. MDSPCs exhibited similar immunophenotype, stem cell gene expression, and multilineage differentiation capacities as BM-MSCs, but they demonstrated higher proliferation rate. Single intravenous MDSPCs injection accelerated functional and morphological kidney recovery, as reflected by significantly lower serum creatinine levels, renal injury score, higher urinary creatinine, and GFR levels. PKH-26-labeled MDSPCs were identified within renal cortex 1 and 2 weeks after cell administration, indicating MDSPCs capacity to migrate and populate renal tissue. In conclusion, MDSPCs are capable of mediating functional and histological kidney recovery and can be considered as potential strategy for AKI treatment.
Iterative distribution-aware sampling for probabilistic symbolic execution

Probabilistic symbolic execution aims at quantifying the probability of reaching program events of interest assuming that program inputs follow given probabilistic distributions. The technique collects constraints on the inputs that lead to the target events and analyzes them to quantify how likely it is for an input to satisfy the constraints. Current techniques either handle only linear constraints or only support continuous distributions using a “discretization” of the input domain, leading to imprecise and costly results. We propose an iterative distribution-aware sampling approach to support probabilistic symbolic execution for arbitrarily complex mathematical constraints and continuous input distributions. We follow a compositional approach, where the symbolic constraints are decomposed into sub-problems whose solution can be solved independently. At each iteration the convergence rate of the com- putation is increased by automatically refocusing the analysis on estimating the sub-problems that mostly affect the accuracy of the results, as guided by three different ranking strategies. Experiments on publicly available benchmarks show that the proposed technique improves on previous approaches in terms of scalability and accuracy of the results.
Evaluation of Callout Design for Ultra-small Touch Screen Devices

Ultra-small touch screen devices tend to suffer from occlusion or the fat finger problem owing to their limited input area. Callout design, a design principle that involves the placement of a callout in a non-occluded area in order to display the occluded area, could eliminate occlusion. However, callout designs for ultra-small touch screen devices have not yet been explored. In this study, we conducted an experiment to examine eight callout designs for ultra-small touch screen devices. The results show that the selection speed was higher when the content of the callout was changed continuously, the error rate decreased when a pointer was displayed to indicate the touched position within the callout, and the workload decreased when the content was changed continuously. Further, the score that subjectively evaluates the performance decreased when the position of the callout was fixed.
Control of hematopoietic stem cell quiescence by the E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbw7

Ubiquitination is a posttranslational mechanism that controls diverse cellular processes. We focus here on the ubiquitin ligase Fbw7, a recently identified hematopoietic tumor suppressor that can target for degradation several important oncogenes, including Notch1, c-Myc, and cyclin E. We have generated conditional Fbw7 knockout animals and inactivated the gene in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), progenitors, and their differentiated progeny. Deletion of Fbw7 specifically and rapidly affects hematopoiesis in a cell-autonomous manner. Fbw7−/− HSCs show defective maintenance of quiescence, leading to impaired self-renewal and a severe loss of competitive repopulating capacity. Furthermore, Fbw7−/− progenitors are unable to colonize the thymus, leading to a profound depletion of T cell progenitors. Deletion of Fbw7 in bone marrow (BM) stem cells and progenitors leads to the stabilization of c-Myc, a transcription factor previously implicated in HSC self-renewal. On the other hand, neither Notch1 nor cyclin E is visibly stabilized in the BM of Fbw7-deficient mice. Gene expression studies of Fbw7−/− HSCs and hematopoietic progenitors indicate that Fbw7 regulates, through the regulation of HSC cycle entry, the transcriptional “signature” that is associated with the quiescent, self-renewing HSC phenotype.
Semi-Random Backoff: Towards Resource Reservation for Channel Access in Wireless LANs

This paper proposes a semi-random backoff (SRB) method that enables resource reservation in contention-based wireless LANs. The proposed SRB is fundamentally different from traditional random backoff methods because it provides an easy migration path from random backoffs to deterministic slot assignments. The central idea of the SRB is for the wireless station to set its backoff counter to a deterministic value upon a successful packet transmission. This deterministic value will allow the station to reuse the time-slot in consecutive backoff cycles. When multiple stations with successful packet transmissions reuse their respective time-slots, the collision probability is reduced, and the channel achieves the equivalence of resource reservation. In case of a failed packet transmission, a station will revert to the standard random backoff method and probe for a new available time-slot. The proposed SRB method can be readily applied to both 802.11 DCF and 802.11e EDCA networks with minimum modification to the existing DCF/EDCA implementations. Theoretical analysis and simulation results validate the superior performance of the SRB for small-scale and heavily loaded wireless LANs. When combined with an adaptive mechanism and a persistent backoff process, SRB can also be effective for large-scale and lightly loaded wireless networks.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer with Family History: an Evaluation of Family History as a Predictive Factor for Microsatellite Instability

To determine whether family history of cancer may be a risk factor for the mutator phenotype in colorectal cancer, we recruited 143 consecutive colorectal cancer patients with a family history of accompanying cancers not meeting the Amsterdam criteria. Microsatellite instability (MSI) at 5 markers, hMLH1-promoter methylation, and expression of mismatch repair (MMR) proteins (hMLH1, hMSH2, hMSH6, hMPS1, and hPMS2) were determined. Among the relatives of familial colorectal cancer patients, colorectal cancer was the most common tumor type. Of the proband colorectal cancers, 26 (18.2%) showed high-level MSI (MSI-H); 47 additional tumors with mutator phenotype (32.9%) were identified by hMLH1-promoter methylation and/or loss of MMR protein expression. Mutator phenotype was associated with right-sided colon cancer and the type of accompanying cancer. Family history, which was differentially quantified according to the degree of relatives and the type of accompanying cancers, effectively discriminated MSI-H from microsatellite stable (MSS) and low-level microsatellite instability (MSI-L) and mutator phenotypes. Our findings indicate that familial colorectal cancer may be associated with multiple occurrences of colorectal or accompanying cancers and that family history could be correlated with microsatellite instability.
Luenberger observer based control algorithm for single-phase two-stage multifunctional grid connected solar energy conversion system

This paper deals with a single phase grid connected SECS (Solar Energy Conversion System). The proposed multifunctional SECS system also helps in power quality improvement at PCC (Point of Common Coupling). It consists of a boost converter, which serves the purpose of MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) and a VSC (Voltage Source Converter), which performs reactive power compensation, harmonics elimination and feeding solar energy into the grid. A Luenberger observer based control algorithm is proposed for the control of VSC. The Luenberger observer is used as a fundamental extractor from which the consumed average power component of load current is extracted. This extracted component of load current is used as feed-forward in dc link control loop. A feed forward term for the solar contribution is also used to improve the dynamic response in case of climatic change. A PI (Proportional-Integral) controller is used to regulate the DC link voltage to desired value. A wide range of simulation studies are presented to demonstrate all features of proposed system. The system is tested undervarious dynamic loading and climatic conditions. The performance of proposed system is found satisfactory for various linear and nonlinear loads. The THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of grid current is observed well under IEEE-519 standard under all loading conditions.
Application of Image Processing Technology in INC

This paper is based on a new type of CNC (computer numerical control), which is named as INC (integrated numerical control or intelligent numerical control). Some useful image processing technologies have been adopted in INC successfully, which has facilitated manufacturing progress greatly. The paper first has a brief introduction of INC, and then discusses the key image processing technologies used in INC. They mainly include image preprocessing, binary image transforming, thinning and cure tracing, image vectorization technology, etc. Further, as a practical application, a case is given to illustrate how to apply them into INC. Finally, conclusions and predictions are made about INC might be in future years
A novel design methodology maximizing the weighted-efficiency of flyback inverter for AC photovoltaic modules

A new design methodology that optimizes the weighted efficiency of a single-phase, single-stage flyback inverter for AC-PV module applications is proposed. This novel approach combines the essential advantages of the flyback topology with high efficiency in the direction of a reliable, cost-effective and high performance photovoltaic system. The proposed methodology focuses exclusively on choosing the inverter design parameters, taking into consideration the PV module characteristics. In order to meet this goal an analytical losses calculation should be performed. Since the problem is complicated special effort is given to manipulate the equations and variables in such a way to minimize the number of parameters taking into consideration the operation constraints. The proposed methodology is also verified experimentally.
Reddening of Microlensed Large Magellanic Cloud Stars versus the Location of the Lenses

We propose an observational test that can break the indeterminacy of two main classes of microlensing models of the Magellanic Clouds: (a) the lenses are located in the Galactic halo, and (b) the lenses are located in the LMC disk. The source stars in the latter (self-lensing) models tend to be at the far side or behind the LMC disk, thus experiencing more reddening and extinction by dust in the LMC disk than ordinary stars in a nearby line of sight. Clearly, such bias would not occur in the MACHO halo lensing models. We show that this reddening effect is at a level readily observable for the present 30 or so microlensing alerts fields, either with multiband photometry from a good seeing site, or more definitively with ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy with Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Stars behind the LMC dust layer should stand out as UV-faint objects (by more than 1 mag than average stars in the LMC). HST can also resolve numerous faint neighboring stars within a few arcseconds of a lensed source, hence removing blending in these crowded regions and building a reddening map to control the patchiness of dust.
Lectin histochemical characterization of glycoconjugates present in abomasal epithelium of the goat

In the abomasal epithelium of the goat, glycoconjugates have been studied by means of selective histochemical methods. The staining procedures employed were alcian blue (AB) pH 1.0 AB pH 2.5, Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and AB pH 2.5-PAS. In addition twelve lectins, Triticum vulgaris WGA, Concana valin A, Glycine max SBA, Dolichos biflorus DBA, Arachis hypogea PNA, Solanum tuberosum STL, Datura stramonium DSA, Ulex europeus UEA-I, Bauhinia purpurea BPA, Ricinus communis RCAI, Lotus tetragonolobus LTA, and Limulus polyphemus LPA were applied to detect saccharides residues. According to the results obtained, the nature of glycoconjugates in mucous epithelium was found to change during cell migration from deep to superficial part. The surface mucous cells contained primarily neutral glycoconjugates with vicinal diol groupings and terminal fucose residues. By contrast, the mucous cells in deep pits and in pyloric glands contained acidic sulfated glycoconjugates with terminal sialic acid residues. The α -D-mannose, α -D-glucose, β-D-galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine were also found at the pyloric gland cells while they were smaller in amount at the surface mucous cells. The data suggested that changes of epithelial cells were closely correlated with cellular maturation. Key word: lectin, glycoconjugates, abomasum, goat Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 33 : 234 - 242 (1999)
Weaving executability into UML class models at PIM level

Modeling languages that aim to capture PIM level behavior are still a challenge. We propose a high level behavioral formalism based on the Abstract State Machines (ASMs) for the specification and validation of software systems at PIM level. An ASM-based extension of the UML and its Action Semantics is here presented for the construction of executable class models at PIM level and also a model weaving process which makes the execution of such models possible. Our approach is illustrated using an Invoice Order System taken from the literature.
Two-Restricted One Context Unification is in Polynomial Time

One Context Unification (1CU) extends first-order unification by introducing a single context variable. This problem was recently shown to be in NP, but it is not known to be solvable in polynomial time. We show that the case of 1CU where the context variable occurs at most twice in the input (1CU2r) is solvable in polynomial time. Moreover, a polynomial representation of all solutions can also be computed in polynomial time. The 1CU2r problem is important as it is used as a subroutine in polynomial time algorithms for several more-general classes of 1CU problem. Our algorithm can be seen as an extension of the usual rules of first-order unification and can be used to solve related problems in polynomial time, such as first-order unification of two terms that tolerates one clash. All our results assume that the input terms are represented as Directed Acyclic Graphs.
Towards discovering and predicting technical opportunities and technology trends

This paper introduces an information service system named InSciTe Advanced with text/predictive analytics abilities. It especially aims at discovering and predicting technical opportunities and technology trends to improve user's task performance in the long run. One multiple target solution and five single target solutions of the system enable users to properly make decisions in R&D strategic planning. After all, our system can enhance the usefulness of conventional information systems and furthermore make move on to the next level of value pyramid.
A Comparison of HMAC-based and AES-based FFX mode of Operation for Format-Preserving Encryption

As usage and importance of smart phones and tablets grow, apps have come to dominate digital media. With limited computation capacity of mobile devices, performance plays a vital role in providing good user experience to the apps. This in conjunction with the recent security breaches leading to millions of stolen credit cards, makes it essential to ensure confidentiality while maintaining high performance. This paper presents performance comparison of AES (CBC) and HMAC (SHA-1) based PRFs for FFX mode of Format Preserving Encryption for a mobile app that functions as a credit card wallet.