Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal power allocation for cognitive radio networks with primary user secrecy rate loss constraint

This paper considers a cognitive radio (CR) network in the presence of a malicious eavesdropper who attempts to receive confidential messages from a pair of primary users (PUs). Under the PU secrecy rate loss constraint and the SU maximum transmit power constraint, a pair of secondary users (SUs) is proposed to interfere with the eavesdropper to improve the PU secrecy level and thus gain its own transmission opportunities. Then, the closed-form optimal power allocation strategy for the SU to maximize its transmission rate subject to the aforementioned constraints is derived. Extensions of the results to the scenarios with multiple eavesdroppers and multiple SUs are also presented, respectively. Numerous simulation results are illustrated to investigate the impacts of various system parameters on the SU transmission rate and the PU secrecy rate. Our results indicate that the PU secrecy rate improves significantly with the help of the SU transmission.
Wear trial assessment of layer structure effects on vapor permeability and condensation in a cold weather clothing ensemble

A human physiological study was performed to verify the claim that the structure of a layer, without a change in the component materials, can reduce condensation in a multilayered cold weather clothing ensemble. Two five-layered clothing ensembles were constructed using different array types: an all-separated type and a combined type in which the final insulating layer was mechanically attached to a jacket without an air gap. The materials in the two arrays were identical and 100% polyester. The results showed that the combined type produced significantly less sweat (33.8%), displayed 31.3% improved vapor permeability, and had 25.0% lower sweat accumulation compared to the separated type (p < 0.05). Following exercise, the all-separated type displayed up to a 74% greater cooling rate of skin temperature compared to the combined-type ensemble. There was a tendency to note a warmer, drier, and less clammy condition in the combined clothing ensemble by participants. The results were in good agreement with the simulator results, and suggest that an appropriate layer arrangement, in addition to material selection, should be considered for the design of novel functional clothing for cold conditions.
Iterative Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis Scheme of Electric Motor for Harsh Industrial Application

This paper presents a robust diagnosis technique by iteratively analyzing the pattern of multiple fault signatures in a motor current signal. It is mathematically and experimentally proved that the proposed diagnosis algorithm provides highly accurate monitoring performance while minimizing both false detection and miss detection rate under high noise and nonlinear machine operating condition. These results are verified on a digital-signal-processor-based motor drive system where motor control and fault diagnosis are performed in real time.
Presentation and Validation of the Multiple Sclerosis Depression Rating Scale: A Test Specifically Devised to Investigate Affective Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Accurate diagnosis of depression in patients affected by MS is important, as it may be a cause of reduced quality of life and increased suicide risk. We present a new scale, the Multiple Sclerosis Depression Rating Scale (MSDRS), and assess its diagnostic accuracy in comparison to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A total of 94 MS participants were classified as non-depressed (N = 44) or affected by mood disorder associated to MS with depressive manifestations (MSD-MDDM; N = 37) or with a major depression-like episode (MSD-MDL; N = 13). Each participant underwent a psychiatric interview, MSDRS, and BDI; diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using area under the ROC curve (AROC). The diagnostic accuracy of MSDRS and BDI was comparable when diagnosing both MSD-MDDM and MSD-MDL (AROC respectively 0.8998 and 0.8659); the MSDRS showed higher accuracy for the diagnosis of MSD-MDL (AROC respectively 0.9278 and 0.8314; p = .038). The MSDRS may be a reliable tool for the diagnosis of depression in MS.
A guide to physical property characterisation of biomass-derived fast pyrolysis liquids.

This publication is a revised and updated version of VTT Publication 306: Physical characterisation of biomass-based pyrolysis liquids, issued in 1997. The main purpose of the on-going study is to test the applicability of standard fuel oil methods developed for petroleum-based fuels to biomass-derived fast pyrolysis liquids. New methods have also been tested and further developed to extend the range of properties that may be accurately determined. The methods were tested for pyrolysis liquids derived from hardwood, softwood, forest residue and straw. Recommendations on transport, liquid handling and analyses are presented. In general, most of the standard methods for fuel oils can be used as such, but the accuracy of the analyses can be improved by minor modifications. Homogeneity of the liquids is a critical factor in the accurate analyses, and hence procedures for its verification are presented.
Experimental Investigation on Slip-In Connection for Cold-Formed Steel Double Channel Sections

The application of cold-formed steel in light steel framing design can become a popular choice of Industrialized Building System, by moving huge amount of construction work to the factory and leaving the construction site cleaner and safer. However the joints behaviour for primary structures, particularly the partial strength semi-rigid beam-to-column connection has not been studied in depth. This paper presents the isolated joint test on slip-in connection using 6 mm hot-rolled steel gusset plate. Two cold-formed lipped channel sections were placed back-to-back to form beam and column members. Three specimens with the depth of beam ranging from 150 mm to 250 mm were tested. From the experimental results, it is observed that the ratio of moment resistance of joint to the moment resistance of the connected beam increases in the range of 0.46 to 0.70. The rotational capacities of the joints exceed 30 mRad. The rotational stiffness achieves 511 kNm/rad to 1671 kNm/rad. It is concluded that the proposed connections could be classified as partial strength connection.
New applications in radiographic evaluation of structural components

ABSTRACT The real-time radiography permits studying component behavior under moderate-rate loading and it is particularly suitable for timber structures since density differences must be present in order to detect individual components and features. Low density of wood permits using energy levels that are sufficiently low and do not require special safety measures. The sensitivity of the static equipment permits investigation of wood internal structure such as early and late wood or voids and internal defects. The disadvantage of the technique is in collapsing the three dimensional object into a two dimensional image, which may make the interpretation of results difficult. The focus of the paper is the possibilities in application of low-energy X-ray technology and this is demonstrated on several examples. Two promising applications are discussed: quantitative X-ray radioscopy and radiographic micro computer tomography.
City Research Online

Web search engine logs are a good source of information for Web user modeling in which user session analysis is often incurred. However, studies on Web logs assume a user session to cover the complete time period of the data set. In the absence of any further information, we define a user session to be related to the user search topics. Viewing sessions in this way can help overcome problems due to varied approaches in session delimiters. The study in this paper is based on a large corpus of Excite search engine logs. Human expert analysis was performed to identify topic changes. The distribution of topic changes across users is presented. In this paper, we also describe an automatic session detection method on the same logs. For this, we use temporal information in grouping successive user search activities with respect to a user search topic. We then compare these results with human judgements and analyse the errors incurred. These results provide a comparison with other studies on Intranet Web search engine logs.
On the Exponent of the All Pairs Shortest Path Problem

The upper bound on the exponent,? , of matrix multiplication over a ring that was three in 1968 has decreased several times and since 1986 it has been 2.376. On the other hand, the exponent of the algorithms known for the all pairs shortest path problem has stayed at three all these years even for the very special case of directed graphs with uniform edge lengths. In this paper we give an algorithm of timeO(n? log3n),? =(3+? )/2, for the case of edge lengths in {? 1, 0, 1}. Thus, for the current known bound on? , we get a bound on the exponent,? <2.688. In case of integer edge lengths with absolute value bounded above byM, the time bound isO((Mn)? log3n) and the exponent is less than 3 forM=O(n? ), for? <0.116 and the current bound on?
Managing the file system from the kernel

In this paper, we investigate the benefits of adding autonomic capabilities inside the operating system. We have developed and implemented a solution that focuses on three use cases (continuous file permission compliance, dynamic disk cleanup, and accidental removal protection) for the file system, and encapsulates all the respective file system monitoring, troubleshooting and error remedial operations in a Linux kernel module. The main benefits of this approach are the capability to detect issues instantly when they occur, and fix these issues transparently, with the invoking applications being unaware of their occurrence. These capabilities are not present in external agent architectures, including contemporary configuration management systems, like Puppet, Chef, or CFEngine. We have built a prototype and evaluated the performance of the most resource intensive use case, dynamic disk cleanup, using the FileBench file system benchmarking tool.
En passant Coupon Collection

: Spontaneous interaction in public places has evolved as crucial concern in interaction design, particularly in the domain of public advertising. Implicit interaction is a mode of spontaneous interaction in which the user is not attentively or explicitly expressing input to a system, but the system from observing the user, and considering all the available information that describes the user situation, is used to generate input - and behaves accordingly. We have investigated implicit interaction as a potentially effective means to design for spontaneous interaction in the public. An en passant coupon collection system, CCS, has been developed to implement an implicit interaction based pervasive advertisement process. CCS is based on scanning and identifying Wi-Fi hotspots by their BSSID, and has been implemented for internet enabled smart phones. Scenarios demonstrate how the system collects bonus points, rewards, sales coupons, reward coins, etc. by users just walking by points of interest like stores, bus stops, schools or ofﬁces. CCS neither not being reliant to a preconﬁguration of the Wi-Fi infrastructure, nor its use for wireless data communication, encourages for a parasitic use of existing Wi-Fi networks (already available in public places like shopping malls, airports, train stops, stations or city centers) as a pervasive advertisement system.
Efficient Parameter Importance Analysis via Ablation with Surrogates

To achieve peak performance, it is often necessary to adjust the parameters of a given algorithm to the class of problem instances to be solved; this is known to be the case for popular solvers for a broad range of AI problems, including AI planning, propositional satisfiability (SAT) and answer set programming (ASP). To avoid tedious and often highly sub-optimal manual tuning of such parameters by means of ad-hoc methods, general-purpose algorithm configuration procedures can be used to automatically find performance-optimizing parameter settings. While impressive performance gains are often achieved in this manner, additional, potentially costly parameter importance analysis is required to gain insights into what parameter changes are most responsible for those improvements. Here, we show how the running time cost of ablation analysis, a well-known general-purpose approach for assessing parameter importance, can be reduced substantially by using regression models of algorithm performance constructed from data collected during the configuration process. In our experiments, we demonstrate speed-up factors between 33 and 14 727 for ablation analysis on various configuration scenarios from AI planning, SAT, ASP and mixed integer programming (MIP).
Confidence-based ant random walks

To facilitate the computer-aided medical applications, this paper tries to build better intelligent diagnosis systems with the help of swarm intelligence method. As to the clinical data, a built-in graph structure is constructed with training samples being mapped as labeled vertices and test samples being unlabeled vertices. On the basis of the iterative label propagation algorithm, this paper first introduces a confidence-based random walk learning model, where unlabeled vertices that consistently show high probability (above the confidence threshold) in belonging to one class is treated as labeled vertices in the next iteration. Later motivated by the swarm intelligence, this model is further improved by treating the labeled vertices as real ants in nature and the predefined classes as different ant colonies. A novel labeled ant random walk algorithm is introduced by incorporating the history information of random walk in the form of aggregation pheromone. The proposed algorithms are evaluated with a synthetic data as well as some real-life clinical cases in terms of diagnostic accuracy. Experimental results show the potentiality of the proposed algorithms.
Power-saving Design in Server Farms for Multi-tier Applications under Response Time Constraint

Server farms suffer from an increasing power consumption nowadays. Power saving has become a prominent design issue in server farms. This paper presents a power-saving design in server farms under the constraint of the response time. In particular, we target on multi-tier applications, which are very typical on the web in modern days. We propose an efficient power-saving design strategy, called PowerTier. This strategy exploits two major techniques by using Dynamic Power management (DPM) to activate/deactivate servers and using Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) to adjust the processor speed for each activated server. In addition, PowerTier considers two different application models: the open-queueing model and the closed-queueing model for session-less and session-based web applications respectively. With PowerTier, we are able to choose the number of activated servers at each tier and the processor speed for each server to minimize the overall power consumption in server farms while meeting a given mean response time guarantee for multi-tier applications. Our comprehensive simulation confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of PowerTier.
GLM analysis of time resolved NIRS data of motor activation during different motor tasks

The hemodynamic response to motor activation was investigated by time-resolved NIRS in healthy subjects and patients with unilateral impairment in motor ability. Healthy subjects performed a simple and a complex finger movement task, patients a handgrip task. A General Linear Model approach (GLM) was applied during NIRS data processing. In general, compared to the integral (continuous wave signal), higher significance of activation was found for the variance signal that selectively represents changes in the deep compartment. A discussion of GLM results with respect to task complexity and difficulty is provided.
Probabilistic distance SVM with Hellinger-Exponential Kernel for sound event classification

This paper presents a novel method for sound event classification based on probabilistic distance SVM. The basic idea is to embed probabilistic distances into classical SVM to classify the sound events. The main point of this method is that the long-term characterization of sound events are better used in the classification compared to conventional method. Furthermore, taking into account the relative short time span of sound events, we develop a probabilistic distance SVM approach based on Hellinger distance from exponential modeling of temporal subband envelopes. An experiment on classifying 10 types of sound events was carried out and showed promising results of the proposed method compared to conventional methods.
Defining Rules in Cost Spanning Tree Problems Through the Canonical Form

We define the canonical form of a cost spanning tree problem. The canonical form has the property that reducing the cost of any arc, the minimal cost of connecting agents to the source is also reduced. We argue that the canonical form is a relevant concept in this kind of problems and study a rule using it. This rule satisfies much more interesting properties than other rules in the literature. Furthermore we provide two characterizations. Finally, we present several approaches to this rule without using the canonical form.
An efficient retransmission scheme for data sharing in D2D assisted cellular networks

System performance of cellular networks could be improved by D2D communication. A retransmission scheme within D2D group is proposed for the case of data sharing. When all the D2D UEs failed to get data packet from BS by cellular links, retransmission is still carried out within the group. Because of the enhancement of receiving SNR, a UE could decode the data with a higher probability. Analysis and simulation indicates that the proposed scheme could save the resource of cellular links with a little bit more D2D link resource consumption.
Development of high-efficient NIR-scanning gratings for spectroscopic applications

In recent years, Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS) have been reached more and more importance in technical applications. This is caused by the increased reliability of micro systems combined with the reduction of costs by high volume production. In this paper, we will present a resonant scanning grating chip with high diffraction efficiency, developed for the NIR region (900 - 2500 nm), which is based on our resonant micro scanning mirror. The grating was additionally applied to the silicon mirror plate by a chemical wet etch process. Therefore, three different fabrication technologies have been developed, showing high efficiencies in the first diffraction order. Compared to investigations with direct structured gratings in the reflective aluminium surface, gratings with up to 714 lines/mm could be fabricated combined with an improved process parameter control. These new resonant driven scanning gratings are still compatible to the scanning mirror fabrication process. They have a large surface of 3x3 mm2 and resonant frequencies of down to 150 Hz, which results in a lower demand on the bandwidth of the electronic read out, when applied to a spectrometer set-up. The maximum mechanically scan angle of the grating mirror plate could be increased to +/- 12° at a driving voltage of 36 V. First measurement results and an improved design of a micro spectrometer, working with only one single InGaAs-Detector in a spectral range of 900 to 2500 nm will be presented and discussed.
Percutaneous removal of an embolized port catheter: Description of a new coaxial recovery technique including a case‐report

The achievement of coaxiality between recovery device and embolized tubular foreign bodies like central venous catheters is a key point to achieve percutaneous removal. To facilitate this target, we designed a coaxial retrieval loop‐snare device using amodified coronary guiding catheter and a coronary 0.014″ guidewire. This new technique has been bench tested and then successfully used to remove a long Port‐A catheter's fragment embolized into the right sided heart. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Demonstration using Low-kt Fatigue Specimens of a Method for Predicting the Fatigue Behaviour of Corroded Aircraft Components

Abstract : Corrosion is well known to reduce the structural integrity of aluminium alloy aircraft components. In addition, it can cause early fatigue failures in components in which fatigue is not considered to be a life limiting factor. This is because corrosion damage, such as corrosion pits, is up to 100 times the size of the inclusions intrinsic in most aerospace aluminium alloys. The trailing edge flap lug of the F/A-18 Hornet aircraft is an example of an unexpected failure due to corrosion damage. In this report a Monte Carlo model is developed to simulate this phenomenon. This model predicts the fatigue lives of corroded and uncorroded specimens of the aluminium alloy 7010-T7651. It does this using high-quality fatigue crack growth data for this alloy from the SICAS project combined with probability density functions for size of the corrosion pits and inclusions in this alloy. The distribution of the predicted fatigue lives is an excellent match for that observed in the SICAS project. The model was then extended to predict the location of fatigue failures. It showed that with good laboratory data that the model could very accurately predict the location and life of pitting-induced fatigue failures.
The Cobalt Zinc Spinel Ferrite Nanofiber: Lightweight and Efficient Microwave Absorber

To solve the heavy mass problem of the traditional spinel ferrite using as the microwave absorber, the CoxZn(1−x)Fe2O4 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) ferrite nanofibres were synthesized by electrospinning method. The phase composition, morphology, and electromagnetic properties were analyzed. The results showed that all the as-prepared CoxZn(1−x)Fe2O4 ferrites exhibited the homogeneous nanofibrous shape. The saturation magnetization and coercivity were enhanced by tuning the Co2+ content. The electromagnetic loss analysis indicated that the Co0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite nanofiber performed the strongest microwave attenuation ability. The microwave absorbing coating containing 15 wt% of Co0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite nanofiber showed the reflection loss less than −10 dB in the whole X-band and 80% of the Ku-band frequencies. Meanwhile, the surface density was only 2.4 Kg/m2.
On the Sensitivity of the Maximum Explosion Pressure of a Dust Deflagration to Turbulence

The maximum explosion pressure of a deflagration is often regarded as a thermodynamicquantity and it is believed to be insensitive to the flow conditions of the combustiblemixture involved. While this is true for premixed gases, the present workdemonstrates that the opposite is the case when powder-air mixtures are ignited todeflagration. In order to illustrate this disparate behavior, experiments wereconducted with methane-air and cornstarch-air mixtures of a fixed fuel to air ratio,at varying turbulence levels. The maximum explosion pressure of cornstarch-air mixtureswas observed to increase by a factor of 1.5 when the turbulence level of the dust cloud wasvaried. An explanation for this behavior is proposed by considering the effect of turbulenceon the liberation of volatile matter from the particles.