Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Geospatial Comparison of Distributed Solar Heat and Power in Europe and the US

The global trends for the rapid growth of distributed solar heat and power in the last decade will likely continue as the levelized cost of production for these technologies continues to decline. To be able to compare the economic potential of solar technologies one must first quantify the types and amount of solar resource that each technology can utilize; second, estimate the technological performance potential based on that resource; and third, compare the costs of each technology across regions. In this analysis, we have performed the first two steps in this process. We use physical and empirically validated models of a total of 8 representative solar system types: non-tracking photovoltaics, 2d-tracking photovoltaics, high concentration photovoltaics, flat-plate thermal, evacuated tube thermal, concentrating trough thermal, concentrating solar combined heat and power, and hybrid concentrating photovoltaic/thermal. These models are integrated into a simulation that uses typical meteorological year weather data to create a yearly time series of heat and electricity production for each system over 12,846 locations in Europe and 1,020 locations in the United States. Through this simulation, systems composed of various permutations of collector-types and technologies can be compared geospatially and temporally in terms of their typical production in each location. For example, we see that silicon solar cells show a significant advantage in yearly electricity production over thin-film cells in the colder climatic regions, but that advantage is lessened in regions that have high average irradiance. In general, the results lead to the conclusion that comparing solar technologies across technology classes simply on cost per peak watt, as is usually done, misses these often significant regional differences in annual performance. These results have implications for both solar power development and energy systems modeling of future pathways of the electricity system.
What's the Use of Lectures?

"A comprehensive guide to the uses and possible abuses of the lecture method. Supported by copious research, Bligh offers a wealth of practical suggestions for making lectures more engaging and effective. Written in an accessible and helpful style, What's the Use of Lectures? should be required reading for all college teachers who use this method. " --Stephen Brookfield, Distinguished Professor, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota "A rewarding read for anyone who lectures--experienced or not. I wish we had a book this engaging and this informative on every element of the teaching art." --Michele Marincovich, assistant vice provost and director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Stanford University "A source of great insight for people who teach. Bligh has spent more time and energy than anyone else in coming to terms with a task that bothers many teachers and trainers. His research is impeccable and his conclusions are immensely practical. The new edition will be much welcomed. " --Alex Main, founding coordinator of Academic Staff Development for the British Universities, Murdoch University, Australia In this first American edition of a best-selling classic, Donald Bligh draws from decades of research and hands-on experience to help college and university teachers develop and use lectures effectively. What's the Use of Lectures? is an indispensable guide for anyone who aspires to be a skilled lecturer and teacher. It examines the nature of teaching and learning in a classroom lecture--describing how students learn, how much knowledge they retain, and how to enhance their attention and motivation. Bligh builds on this information to share strategies for creating organized, thoughtful, and effective lectures. Topics include taking notes, using handouts, practicing different formats and styles, obtaining feedback, overcoming difficulties, evaluating the lecture, and testing alternative methods when lecturing is not adequate. Also included are tables and diagrams to illustrate different approaches to lecturing.
Side-Directed Communication and Agonistic Interactions in Chimpanzees

In the large colony of chimpanzees in Arnhem Zoo (Netherlands) 70% of the agonistic encounters occurred as part of interactions involving three or more individuals. The present paper treats an example of one such multi-animal interaction. The example serves to illustrate how we analyse and interpret interaction structures, individual roles and strategies. Special attention is paid to side-directed communication: i.e. behaviour that agonistically involved apes show towards non-opponents. A multi-variate analysis of the contexts of this highly variable behaviour indicates that it can be divided into several functional categories; taking refuge; seeking reassurance; enlisting support; begging for support and taking courage. In general, side-directed behaviour facilitates intervention by third parties. But sometimes its function may be to appease potential supporters of the opponent, and thus keep them from interfering.
The IRB Challenge for Practice-based Research: Strategies of the American Academy of Family Physicians National Research Network (AAFP NRN)

Investigators for multisite research studies conducted in practice-based research networks face numerous challenges associated with Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) and human subjects protection. The American Academy of Family Physicians National Research Network (AAFP NRN) has adopted strategies to deal with some of these challenges, including creating an open, honest relationship with the new American Academy of Family Physicians Institutional Review Board (AAFP IRB); creating procedures for members who are not required to report to a local IRB; handling most of the IRB application submission and tracking tasks for our members who must submit applications to local IRBs; and working with the AAFP IRB to make required human subjects training relevant to our practices. However, these are only temporary solutions. It is time to begin working toward a permanent solution. As such, the AAFP, the AAFP NRN, and the AAFP IRB have begun discussing the possibility of adopting an alternative model of central IRB review, which would facilitate practice-based research in family medicine and which would encourage rather than discourage family medicine practices to participate in research studies that will further the discipline.
Design and testing of the 1.5 T superconducting solenoid for the BaBar detector at PEP-II in SLAC

The 1.5 T superconducting solenoid is part of the BaBar detector located in the PEP-II B-Factory machine at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The solenoid has a 2.8 m bore and is 3.7 m long. The two layer solenoid is wound with an aluminum stabilized conductor which is graded axially to produce a +/3% field uniformity in the tracking region. The 24 month fabrication, 3 month installation and 1 month commissioning of the solenoid were completed on time and budget. This paper summarizes the culmination of a 3 year design, fabrication and testing program of the BaBar superconducting solenoid. Critical current measurements of the superconducting strand, cable and conductor, cool-down, operation with the thermosyphon cooling, fast and slow discharges, and magnetic forces are discussed in detail.
Antecedents of Sustainable Management Support for IT-Related Initiatives

Having IT-related capabilities is not enough to secure value from the IT resources and survive in today’s competitive environment. IT resources evolve dynamically and organisations must sustain their existing capabilities to continue to leverage value from their IT resources. Organisations’ IT-related management capabilities are an important source of their competitive advantage. Organisations can sustain these capabilities through appropriate considerations of resources at the technology-use level. This study suggests that an appropriate organisational design relating to decision rights and work environment, and a congruent reward system can create a dynamic end-user environment. This environment will be a vital source of knowledge that could help organisations to sustain their IT-related management capabilities. Analysis of data collected from a field survey demonstrates that a dynamic end-user environment, a result of a coordinated change in complementary factors, helps organisations to sustain their IT-related management capabilities. This study adds an important dimension to understanding why some organisations continue to perform better with their IT resources than others. For practice, this study suggests that organisations need to consider a comprehensive approach to what constitutes their valuable organisational resources.
User Authentication Using Fusion of Face and Palmprint

This paper presents a new method of personal authentication using face and palmprint images. The facial and palmprint images can be simultaneously acquired by using a pair of digital camera and integrated to achieve higher confidence in personal authentication. The proposed method of fusion uses a feed-forward neural network to integrate individual matching scores and generate a combined decision score. The significance of the proposed method is more than improving performance for bimodal system. Our method uses the claimed identity of users as a feature for fusion. Thus the required weights and bias on individual biometric matching scores are automatically computed to achieve the best possible performance. The experimental results also demonstrate that Sum, Max, and Product rule can be used to achieve significant performance improvement when consolidated matching scores are employed instead of direct matching scores. The fusion strategy used in this paper outperforms even its existing facial and palmprint modules. The performance indices for personal authentication system using two-class separation criterion functions have been analyzed and evaluated. The method proposed in this paper can be extended for any multimodal authentication system to achieve higher performance.
A completeness theorem for Kleene algebras and the algebra of regular events

A finitary axiomatization of the algebra of regular events involving only equations and equational implications that is sound for all interpretations over Kleene algebras is given. Axioms for Kleene algebra are presented, and some basic consequences are derived. Matrices over a Kleene algebra are considered. The notion of an automaton over an arbitrary Kleen algebra is defined and used to derive the classical results of the theory of finite automata as a result of the axioms. The completeness of the axioms for the algebra of regular events is treated. Open problems are indicated. <<ETX>>
Bioactive poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels to recapitulate the HSC niche and facilitate HSC expansion in culture

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been used therapeutically for decades, yet their widespread clinical use is hampered by the inability to expand HSCs successfully in vitro. In culture, HSCs rapidly differentiate and lose their ability to self‐renew. We hypothesize that by mimicking aspects of the bone marrow microenvironment in vitro we can better control the expansion and differentiation of these cells. In this work, derivatives of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels were used as a culture substrate for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) populations. Key HSC cytokines, stem cell factor (SCF) and interferon‐γ (IFNγ), as well as the cell adhesion ligands RGDS and connecting segment 1 were covalently immobilized onto the surface of the hydrogels. With the use of SCF and IFNγ, we observed significant expansion of HSPCs, ∼97 and ∼104 fold respectively, while maintaining c‐kit+lin− and c‐kit+Sca1+lin− (KSL) populations and the ability to form multilineage colonies after 14 days. HSPCs were also encapsulated within degradable poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels for three‐dimensional culture. After expansion in hydrogels, ∼60% of cells were c‐kit+, demonstrating no loss in the proportion of these cells over the 14 day culture period, and ∼50% of colonies formed were multilineage, indicating that the cells retained their differentiation potential. The ability to tailor and use this system to support HSC growth could have implications on the future use of HSCs and other blood cell types in a clinical setting. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 870–881. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vicarious shame

We examined an account of vicarious shame that explains how people can experience a self-conscious emotion for the behaviour of another person. Two divergent processes have been put forward to explain how another's behaviour links to the self. The group-based emotion account explains vicarious shame in terms of an in-group member threatening one's social identity by behaving shamefully. The empathy account explains vicarious shame in terms of empathic perspective taking; people imagine themselves in another's shameful behaviour. In three studies using autobiographical recall and experimental inductions, we revealed that both processes can explain why vicarious shame arises in different situations, what variation can be observed in the experience of vicarious shame, and how all vicarious shame can be related to a threat to the self. Results are integrated in a functional account of shame.
MDPC-McEliece: New McEliece variants from Moderate Density Parity-Check codes

In this work, we propose two McEliece variants: one from Moderate Density Parity-Check (MDPC) codes and another from quasi-cyclic MDPC codes. MDPC codes are LDPC codes of higher density (and worse error-correction capability) than what is usually adopted for telecommunication applications. However, in cryptography we are not necessarily interested in correcting many errors, but only a number which ensures an adequate security level. By this approach, we reduce under certain hypotheses the security of the scheme to the well studied decoding problem. Furthermore, the quasi-cyclic variant provides extremely compact-keys (for 80-bits of security, public-keys have only 4801 bits).
Citation behavior: Classification, utility, and location

This study tested empirically the citation behavior model of Moravcsik and Murugesan and examined the hypothesized relationships between three variables: reported citation type, reported utility level, and citation location. A group of elite scientists constituting an “invisible college” were asked to classify the references they had made in two of their recent papers following the model in question, and to judge the utility content of each reference cited. The response rate constituted 66% of a total of 42 questionnaires. A total of 344 references were examined. Some departures from the Moravcsik and Murugesan citation behavior model were found, as well as indications of complexities of both citation motivation and citation evaluation. Many citations were paired in categories presumed dichotomous by the model: 29 instances of cited documents were reported to have both a conceptual and an operational nature. Indeed, a document may contain many items of information that may be cited for a number of reasons. It is concluded that studies focusing on elements of information cited (coupled to their location parameters) as opposed to full citations, are needed to develop empirically based models reflecting the patterns of information use and the citation behavior of a scientific community. © 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
On the Limits of Generalizability

ABSTRACT In the present studies, we examined patterns of interpersonal resource exchange (E. B. Foa & U. G. Foa, 1980; U. G. Foa & E. B. Foa, 1974) among gay male and female couples. Study 1 was quantitative in nature, whereas Study 2 was qualitative in nature. In Study 1 (n's = 61 male couples and 54 female couples), we explicitly tested the hypotheses that partners in same-sex romantic relationships would exchange affection and respect positively and significantly; results indicated that affection (but not respect) was exchanged or reciprocated positively and significantly among gay male (but not gay female) pairs. In Study 2 (n's = 15 male couples and 15 female couples), we asked the research question, but did not test any formal hypotheses, as to whether same-sex romantic pairs would spontaneously invoke interpersonal resource exchange and other reinforcement processes when describing their relationships; results indicated that gay female (but not gay male) couples appeared to adopt a communal, rather than exchange, orientation toward their relationships with regard to displays of affection. Implications for the study of relationship processes among same-sex romantic pairs are discussed.
Glow Clustering

We introduce Glow Clustering, a clustering technique inspired by the physics of light and the images of spiral galaxies. We discuss the genesis, design, and implementation of Glow Clustering. We evaluate Glow Clustering on test datasets and a well-known standard dataset. Finally, we attempt to describe the characteristics of Glow Clustering, giving some insight into the context of use where Glow Clustering may be most appropriate. CR
PV Panel - Wind Turbine Hybrid System Modelling

The work proposes a hybrid system framework consisting of several solar panels and wind turbines, in order to supply the electricity need for small communities. The photovoltaic (PV) model considers as an output variable the active power obtained from the PV panel, which is directly influenced by the solar radiation measurements during a day. Based on wind speed, the output variable for the wind turbine model is the active power produced by the wind turbine. Both models were validated by computing the maximum relative error on a period of one day and the results showed a modelling error of 1.2 % for the wind turbine, respectively 6% for the PV panel. Also, a hybrid PV-wind turbine system architecture is proposed in order to minimize the consumer supply from the national grid.
Energy-efficient link adaptation on parallel channels

Energy-efficient link adaptation is studied for transmission on a parallel channel. The total power dissipation model includes circuit power and a power amplifier inefficiency parameter. Earlier results are derived in various ways based on convex minimization problems and concave maximization problems, respectively. It is shown that the fixed-point algorithm proposed earlier by the authors is equivalent to the Dinkelbach method for solving nonlinear fractional programs.
A real-time detection and warning of cardiovascular disease LAHB for a wearable wireless ECG device

According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 17 million people die annually due to cardiac disease, which accounts for 30% of the global deaths. Current studies on cardiac diseases indicate that 15% of the people have Left Anterior Hemiblock (LAHB), which ranks third after Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB) and Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB). To our knowledge, a reliably consistent disease detection and warning algorithm is not currently available for LAHB although various ECG morphologies can be monitored for real-time detection of LAHB. The objective of this research is to develop a real-time detection and warning of LAHB. The presented work describes the design of a weighted feature-based disease classification algorithm, which can be run in a resource constrained mobile environment for effective real-time diagnosis. The testing and evaluation of the algorithm indicates that it is able to detect LAHB with an accuracy of 95.3% and specificity of 100%.
Chronic myeloid leukemia patients’ adherence to peroral tyrosine kinase inhibitors compared with adherence as estimated by their physicians

Purpose To evaluate chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients’ adherence to peroral tyrosine kinase inhibitors in Finland and to compare this with adherence as estimated by their physicians. Other aspects studied included how patients’ knowledge of the disease and its treatment influence adherence. Materials and methods A total of 120 CML patients were contacted between June 2012 and September 2013 in eight secondary or tertiary care hospitals in Finland. Of these, 86 participated in the study. This covers approximately 20% of all Finnish CML patients. The mean age was 57.8 years and 52% were male. Of the patients, 79.1% were using imatinib, 10.5% dasatinib, and 10.5% nilotinib. The patient-reported adherence (experienced adherence) was evaluated using the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS). In addition, the treating physicians were asked to give their subjective opinion on their patients’ adherence (observed adherence). The experienced adherence was compared with the observed adherence using a three-level rating system (high, medium, low). All patients were personally interviewed and their demographic data collected. The statistical analysis of the data was based on descriptive statistics presented as frequencies, percentages, means, and medians. The kappa coefficient was calculated between the patient’s and the doctor’s assessment of adherence. Results A total of 23% (20/86) of the patients were fully adherent according to the MMAS, while physicians evaluated 94% (80/86) of the patients as fully adherent. The physicians’ estimate was too optimistic in 73% of cases. The discrepancy was confirmed by a kappa value of −0.004. The patients’ knowledge of the disease and its treatment was poor in all adherence levels. Conclusion The patient-reported adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatments in Finland was found to be the same as that found in the majority of previous studies. However, there seems to be a very weak agreement between the patient’s and the physician’s assessment of adherence. This study suggests that physicians overestimate the adherence of CML patients and base their assessment primarily on the clinical treatment response.
Platte River Birding and the Spring Migration: Humans, Value, and Unique Ecological Resources

Each spring Sandhill Cranes migrate north through the Platte River region to nesting grounds. Wildlife watchers were surveyed to understand the extent to which they valued the ecological resources that provided birding opportunities. A mail questionnaire containing scenarios (with a cost attached to each) focused on management programs to preserve the present status of the river, proposed changes in species diversity, and on Sandhill Crane population levels. Birders were willing to bear the cost of resource conservation, particularly those expenses related to efforts to protect Sandhill Cranes and their habitats. Also, crane population declines were viewed as a diminishment in value, and thus lower numbers of cranes would lead to decreased recreational activity. Birders were less supportive of programs to conserve or enhance wildlife diversity. Birders were likely attracted by the wildlife spectacle rather than unusual or unique species. Overall, they valued species diversity less than species abundance.