Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
cblb Gene Analysis in Japanese Type 1 Diabetes with Younger Age of Onset

To clarify the contribution of Cblb to the development of type1 diabetes (T1D), we investigated Japanese younger-onset T1D patients. We sequenced the cblb gene in 10 T1D patients and screened the identified mutations in 109 Japanese T1D patients and 100 normal subjects. In addition to four previously reported synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we identified two novel nonsynonymous variants (786 C>T (A155V) and 1718 A>G (N466D)). The A155V mutation was found in one subject with Basedow’s disease whose mother also carried both the mutation and Basedow’s disease. The N466D mutation was found in 6 T1D cases including a subject who was classified as fulminant T1D. We found no significant differences in the allele frequency of these SNPs among T1D and control subjects, suggesting that the contribution of cblb to the genetic susceptibility to T1D might not be high for Japanese younger–onset T1D.
Introducing the Webb Spam Corpus: Using Email Spam to Identify Web Spam Automatically

Just as email spam has negatively impacted the user messaging experience, the rise of Web spam is threatening to severely degrade the quality of information on the World Wide Web. Fundamentally, Web spam is designed to pollute search engines and corrupt the user experience by driving trac to particular spammed Web pages, regardless of the merits of those pages. In this paper, we identify an interesting link between email spam and Web spam, and we use this link to propose a novel technique for extracting large Web spam samples from the Web. Then, we present the Webb Spam Corpus { a rst-of-its-kind, large-scale, and publicly available Web spam data set that was created using our automated Web spam collection method. The corpus consists of nearly 350,000 Web spam pages, making it more than two orders of magnitude larger than any other previously cited Web spam data set. Finally, we identify several application areas where the Webb Spam Corpus may be especially helpful. Interestingly, since the Webb Spam Corpus bridges the worlds of email spam and Web spam, we note that it can be used to aid traditional email spam classication algorithms through an analysis of the characteristics of the Web pages referenced by email messages.
A Grid Application Framework based on Web Services Specifications and Practices

There has been a lot of discussion in the community concerning the relationship between Web and Grid Services. This document presents an analysis of the Grid architecture and its relationship to the Web Services Architecture. It presents our views on the current version of the OGSI specification and then goes on to propose a different mapping of the Grid infrastructure requirements to Web Services specifications and practices. The aim is to design an alternative mapping that captures the same Grid requirements, but fits more closely with existing Web Services specifications and practices. This document is work in progress and we actively encourage feedback from the community. Author contact information: Savas Parastatidis (Savas.Parastatidis@newcastle.ac.uk)1 Jim Webber (Jim.Webber@arjuna.com)2 Paul Watson (Paul.Watson@newcastle.ac.uk)1 Thomas Rischbeck (Thomas.Rischbeck@arjuna.com)2 1 School of Computing Science University of Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU United Kingdom 2 Arjuna Technologies Ltd. Nanotechnology Centre, Herschel Building Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU United Kingdom
An 8.4mW/Gb/s 4-lane 48Gb/s multi-standard-compliant transceiver in 40nm digital CMOS technology

The bandwidth limitation of existing backplanes has become an obstacle to meeting the increasing demand for high-data-rate wireline transmission. In order to compensate for this limitation, TX pre-emphasis, RX continuous-time linear equalizer (CTLE) and DFE are necessary [1,2]. This work presents a 4-lane transceiver implemented in 40nm CMOS technology that operates over a wide range of data rates from 1 to 12Gb/s (48Gb/s aggregated) using NRZ coding. The supply voltages are 0.9V and 1.8V. An algorithm is developed to adapt the CTLE and DFE to cancel the channel ISI. No inductors are used in the design and ring oscillators are used for both the TX and RX clock generation. This provides a wide frequency-tuning range, small layout area, and high design portability. With extensive use of digital programmability this transceiver is capable of meeting specifications of different standards, such as PCIe, SATA, and 1 to 10Gb/s Ethernet.
Interconversion of Drosophila nuclear lamin isoforms during oogenesis, early embryogenesis, and upon entry of cultured cells into mitosis

Two isoforms of a single nuclear lamin, distinguishable on one- dimensional SDS-polyacrylamide gels, have previously been identified in Drosophila nuclei during interphase. A third species, designated lamin Dmmit, has now been identified as soluble in extracts of Drosophila tissue culture cells blocked in mitosis by drugs. An apparently identical form is the only lamin species detectable in late-stage egg chambers and early embryos. Phosphoamino acid analyses suggest that the conversion of lamins Dm1 and Dm2 to lamin Dmmit is brought about by a specific rearrangement of phosphate groups rather than by dramatic net changes in the levels of lamin phosphorylation. The residues involved in these phosphorylation/dephosphorylation reactions have been tentatively mapped to a 17.8-kD cyanogen bromide fragment containing amino acids 385-547. This represents a potential "hinge" domain in the lamin structure between the end of coil 2 and the globular COOH terminus. These results have implications for understanding the regulation of nuclear envelope breakdown during mitosis and karyoskeletal dynamics during oogenesis and early embryogenesis.
A RADAR for information reconciliation in Question Answering systems over Linked Data

In the latest years, more and more structured data is published on the Web and the need to support typical Web users to access this body of information has become of crucial importance. Question Answering systems over Linked Data try to address this need by allowing users to query Linked Data using natural language. These systems may query at the same time different heterogenous interlinked datasets, that may provide different results for the same query. The obtained results can be related by a wide range of heterogenous relations, e.g., one can be the specification of the other, an acronym of the other, etc. In other cases, such results can contain an inconsistent set of information about the same topic. A well known example of such heterogenous interlinked datasets are language-specific DBpedia chapters, where the same information may be reported in different languages. Given the growing importance of multilingualism in the Semantic Web community, and in Question Answering over Linked Data in particular, we choose to apply information reconciliation to this scenario. In this paper, we address the issue of reconciling information obtained by querying the SPARQL endpoints of language-specific DBpedia chapters. Starting from a categorization of the possible relations among the resulting instances, we provide a framework to: (i) classify such relations, (ii) reconcile information using argumentation theory, (iii) rank the alternative results depending on the confidence of the source in case of inconsistencies, and (iv) explain the reasons underlying the proposed ranking. We release the resource obtained applying our framework to a set of language-specific DBpedia chapters, and we integrate such framework in the Question Answering system QAKiS, that exploits such chapters as RDF datasets to be queried using a natural language interface.
Utility Maximization, The Shapes of the Indifference Curve on the Characteristic Space and its Estimation: A Theoretical Approach

The random utility theory and the multinomial logit model (including a more recent variant--the mixed multinomial logit) derived from it have constituted a back bone for theoretical and empirical analyses of various travel demand features including mode choice. In their empirical applications, however, it is customary to specify random utilities which are linear in modal attributes such as time and cost, and in socio-economic variables. The linearity helps easy derivation of important information such as value of travel time savings by calculating marginal rate of substitution between time and cost. In this paper the author focuses on the very linearity of the random utilities. Taking into account the fact that the mode chooser is also labour supplier, commodity consumer as well as leisure-seeker, the author sets up a maximization model of the traveller, which encompasses various economic activities of the traveller. The author derive from the model the indifference curve defined on the space of modal attributes, time and cost and investigate under what conditions the random utility of the traveller becomes linear. It turns out that there exist the conditions under which the random utility is really linear in modal attributes, but the property does not hold when the traveller has a corner solution on the space of modal attributes, or when the primary utility function of the traveller is directly affected by labour provided and/or the travel time itself. As a corollary of the analysis, a random utility is suggested, approximated up to the second order of the variables involved for empirical studies of the field.
Reconciliation of Gene and Species Trees With Polytomies

Motivation: Millions of genes in the modern species belong to only thousands of `gene families'. A gene family includes instances of the same gene in different species (orthologs) and duplicate genes in the same species (paralogs). Genes are gained and lost during evolution. With advances in sequencing technology, researchers are able to investigate the important roles of gene duplications and losses in adaptive evolution. Because of gene complex evolution, ortholog identification is a basic but difficult task in comparative genomics. A key method for the task is to use an explicit model of the evolutionary history of the genes being studied, called the gene (family) tree. It compares the gene tree with the evolutionary history of the species in which the genes reside, called the species tree, using the procedure known as tree reconciliation. Reconciling binary gene and specific trees is simple. However, both gene and species trees may be non-binary in practice and thus tree reconciliation presents challenging problems. Here, non-binary gene and species tree reconciliation is studied in a binary refinement model. Results: The problem of reconciling arbitrary gene and species trees is proved NP-hard even for the duplication cost. We then present the first efficient method for reconciling a non-binary gene tree and a non-binary species tree. It attempts to find binary refinements of the given gene and species trees that minimize reconciliation cost. Our algorithms have been implemented into a software to support quick automated analysis of large data sets. Availability: The program, together with the source code, is available at its online server this http URL
The Impact of Connected Relations on Firm Performance : A Comparison of European and Chinese results using the IMP Data Base

The impact of connected relations on relationship performance has been ignored, yet all relations are embedded in networks of interdependent relations. We review theories of the impact of connected relations and present empirical evidence of the nature of their impact, drawing on a data base of international business relations including Swedish, German and Chinese firms. We also reformulate and extend a model of the impact of connected relationships on firms’ performance by Blankenburg-Holm et al (1996). The results suggest that the model generalizes across the German, Swedish and Chinese samples. The same measurement model fits all three samples and we cannot reject the hypothesis that the relationships in the structural equation model are identical in each of the three samples. Further developments of the model are discussed.
Search-based Resource Scheduling for Bug Fixing Tasks

The software testing phase usually results in a large number of bugs to be fixed. The fixing of these bugs require executing certain activities (potentially concurrent) that demand resources having different competencies and workloads. Appropriate resource allocation to these bug-fixing activities can help a project manager to schedule capable resources to these activities, taking into account their availability and skill requirements for fixing different bugs. This paper presents a multi-objective search-based resource scheduling method for bug-fixing tasks. The inputs to our proposed method include i) a bug model, ii) a human resource model, iii) a capability matching method between bug-fixing activities and human resources and iv) objectives of bug-fixing. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used as a search algorithm and the output is a bug-fixing schedule, satisfying different constraints and value objectives. We have evaluated our proposed scheduling method on an industrial data set and have discussed three different scenarios. The results indicate that GA is able to effectively schedule resources by balancing different objectives. We have also compared the effectiveness of using GA with a simple hill climbing algorithm. The comparison shows that GA is able to achieve statistically better fitness values than hill-climbing.
Minimum time and minimum cost path problems in street networks with traffic lights

We shall investigate minimum time and minimum cost path problems in street networks regulated by traffic lights. We shall show that the minimum time path problem is polynomially solvable. On the other hand, in general minimum cost path problems are NP-hard. Particular but realistic cases which are polynomially solvable will be discussed.
A large, population-based study of 2009 pandemic Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 infection diagnosis during pregnancy and outcomes for mothers and neonates.

BACKGROUND Pregnant women were at increased risk for serious outcomes of 2009 pandemic influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (influenza A[H1N1]pdm09) infection, but little is known about the overall impact of the pandemic on neonatal and maternal outcomes. METHODS We identified live births that occurred from 1 July 2008 through 31 May 2010 in 5 Kaiser Permanente regions. Pregnant women were considered to have influenza if they had a positive result of a laboratory test for influenza virus or if they received a diagnosis of influenza during a period in which seasonal influenza virus or A(H1N1)pdm09 was the predominant circulating virus. RESULTS There were 111 158 births from 109 015 pregnancies involving 107 889 mothers; 368 pregnant women (0.3%) received a diagnosis of influenza due to seasonal virus, and 959 (0.9%) received a diagnosis of influenza due to A(H1N1)pdm09; 107 688 did not receive an influenza diagnosis. Pregnant women with influenza due to A(H1N1)pdm09 were more likely than women with seasonal influenza infection to be hospitalized within 30 days of the diagnosis (27% vs 12%; odds ratio [OR], 2.84 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 2.01-4.02]). Pregnant women with A(H1N1)pdm09 who started antiviral treatment ≥2 days after the diagnosis were significantly more likely to be hospitalized than those who started antiviral treatment <2 days after diagnosis (OR, 3.43 [95% CI, 1.55-7.56]). Mothers with seasonal influenza virus infection had an increased risk for having a small-for-gestational-age infant (OR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.15-2.20]). CONCLUSIONS In this large, geographically diverse population, A(H1N1)pdm09 infection increased the risk for hospitalization during pregnancy. Late initiation of antiviral treatment was also associated with an increased risk for hospitalization.
The Impact of Trade Liberalization on the Return to Education in Vietnam: Wage Versus Employment Effect

Several studies have identified the impact of trade liberalization in developing countries on the return to education within a Mincerian framework through a difference-in-difference estimator or with industry-level measures of trade openness. These studies have typically estimated the return to education in terms of changes in wages rather than employment, effectively ignoring the fact that trade liberalization affects not only wages but also employment opportunities. In this paper we use four large-scale representative household surveys from Vietnam for the period 1998-2006 to estimate the impact of trade liberalization on the return to education taking into account both changes in wages and employment. The results show that the impact was large in Vietnam but is severely underestimated if changes in employment opportunities are ignored.
Conditional Density Operators and the Subjectivity of Quantum Operations

Assuming that quantum states, including pure states, represent subjective degrees of belief rather than objective properties of systems, the question of what other elements of the quantum formalism must also be taken as subjective is addressed. In particular, we ask this of the dynamical aspects of the formalism, such as Hamiltonians and unitary operators. Whilst some operations, such as the update maps corresponding to a complete projective measurement, must be subjective, the situation is not so clear in other cases. Here, it is argued that all trace preserving completely positive maps, including unitary operators, should be regarded as subjective, in the same sense as a classical conditional probability distribution. The argument is based on a reworking of the Choi‐Jamiolkowski isomorphism in terms of “conditional” density operators and trace preserving completely positive maps, which mimics the relationship between conditional probabilities and stochastic maps in classical probability.
Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Tanzania

Agricultural Distortions Working Paper 52, December 2007 This is a product of a research project on Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, under the leadership of Kym Anderson of the World Bank’s Development Research Group. The authors are grateful for helpful comments from Kym Anderson, Henry Gordon and, specifically on cotton, Colin Poulton, as well as from workshop participants. They are also grateful for funding from World Bank Trust Funds provided by the governments of Ireland, the Netherlands (BNPP) and the United Kingdom (DfID). This Working Paper series is designed to promptly disseminate the findings of work in progress for comment before they are finalized. The views expressed are the authors’ alone and not necessarily those of the World Bank and its Executive Directors, nor the countries they represent, nor of the countries providing the trust funds for this research project. P ub lic D is cl os ur e A ut ho riz ed
Quantitative Evaluation of the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) for Comparing Herbicides

Various indicators of pesticide environmental risk have been proposed, and one of the most widely known and used is the environmental impact quotient (EIQ). The EIQ has been criticized by others in the past, but it continues to be used regularly in the weed science literature. The EIQ is typically considered an improvement over simply comparing the amount of herbicides applied by weight. Herbicides are treated differently compared to other pesticide groups when calculating the EIQ, and therefore, it is important to understand how different risk factors affect the EIQ for herbicides. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of the EIQ as an environmental indicator for herbicides. Simulation analysis was conducted to quantify relative sensitivity of the EIQ to changes in risk factors, and actual herbicide EIQ values were used to quantify the impact of herbicide application rate on the EIQ Field Use Rating. Herbicide use rate was highly correlated with the EIQ Field Use Rating (Spearman’s rho >0.96, P-value <0.001) for two herbicide datasets. Two important risk factors for herbicides, leaching and surface runoff potential, are included in the EIQ calculation but explain less than 1% of total variation in the EIQ. Plant surface half-life was the risk factor with the greatest relative influence on herbicide EIQ, explaining 26 to 28% of the total variation in EIQ for actual and simulated EIQ values, respectively. For herbicides, the plant surface half-life risk factor is assigned values without any supporting quantitative data, and can result in EIQ estimates that are contrary to quantitative risk estimates for some herbicides. In its current form, the EIQ is a poor measure of herbicide environmental impact.
A Real-Time Parallel Benchmark Suite

Real-time computing on parallel machines has not received much attention, although many real-time applications can bene t from high performance computing. The RealTime Parallel Benchmark Suite (RTPBS) is designed to help evaluate the suitability of parallel machines for real-time computations. The suite contains application level, kernel level, and low level benchmarks. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the benchmarks, report results to date, and encourage others to participate in benchmarking parallel machines.
Skyline Matching: A robust registration method between Video and GIS

Camera pose estimation from an image has long been a very active research for Video/GIS registration. Different from traditional methods which are based on direct building feature matching, this paper presents an alternative method which uses an overall Skyline feature to determine the camera's orientation. Through our skyline matching method we find out a way to transform an image/model matching problem into a curve matching problem which significantly reduced the computation complexity and make it a possible solution for real-time applications. 1 Introduction
Implementation of risk management in manufacturing industry-An empirical investigation

Every manufacturing organization faces undesirable and unwanted setback in its day to day operations. These are referred to as operational disturbances in this research. The disturbances put an organization at production, economic and occupational risks. To deal with these risks, an organization needs to implement an appropriate risk management process, which is what this paper aims for. In this connection, we have developed a conceptual model that describes the generic approach of risk assessment and outlines the gaps in the assessment steps that may hinder the successful implementation of risk management. An empirical investigation with multiple case studies in New Zealand has been performed to verify the model. Finally, a comprehensive framework is developed for successful implementation of risk management in manufacturing