Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amplify-and-Forward Relaying Based Multi-Relay Wireless Network Coding

This paper extends the amplify-and-forward based wireless network coding (AFNC) for single-relay network to multi-relay network with a chain topology. Direct application of the relaying protocol utilized in the conventional single-relay AFNC to the multi-relay scenario causes two major problems: the phenomenon of back stream of data, which we call data reflection, and inter-hop interference. We propose a distributed relaying protocol for the multi-relay AFNC, which can cope with the data reflection by using locally available information. Moreover, we introduce the technique of frequency domain equalization (FDE) for the transmission and the detection of signals in order to utilize the interference as informative signal. Computer simulation results show that, with the proposed method, the multi-relay AFNC can be realized and the interference is successfully utilized to improve the throughput performance.
Advanced transceivers for spectrally-efficient communications

In this thesis, we will consider techniques to improve the spectral efficiency of digital communication systems, operating on the whole transceiver scheme. First, we will focus on receiver schemes having detection algorithms with a complexity constraint. We will optimize the parameters of the reduced detector with the aim of maximizing the achievable information rate. Namely, we will adopt the channel shortening technique. Then, we will focus on a technique that is getting very popular in the last years (although presented for the first time in 1975): faster-than-Nyquist signaling, and its extension which is time packing. Time packing is a very simple technique that consists in introducing intersymbol interference on purpose with the aim of increasing the spectral efficiency of finite order constellations. Finally, in the last chapters we will combine all the presented techniques, and we will consider their application to satellite channels.
Colloquium: Momentum of an electromagnetic wave in dielectric media

Almost a hundred years ago, two different expressions were proposed for the energy-momentum tensor of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric. Minkowski's tensor predicted an increase in the linear momentum of the wave on entering a dielectric medium, whereas Abraham's tensor predicted its decrease. Theoretical arguments were advanced in favour of both sides, and experiments proved incapable of distinguishing between the two. Yet more forms were proposed, each with their advocates who considered the form that they were proposing to be the one true tensor. This paper reviews the debate and its eventual conclusion: that no electromagnetic wave energy-momentum tensor is complete on its own. When the appropriate accompanying energy-momentum tensor for the material medium is also considered, experimental predictions of all the various proposed tensors will always be the same, and the preferred form is therefore effectively a matter of personal choice.
Generalization of Boole-Shannon expansion, consistency of Boolean equations and elimination by orthonormal expansion

The well known Boole -Shannon expansion of Boolean functions in several variables (with coefficients in a Boolean algebraB) is also known in more general form in terms of expansion in a setof orthonormal functions. However, unlike the one variable step of this expansion an analogous elimination theorem and consistency is not well known. This article proves such an elimination theorem for a special class of Boolean functions denoted B(�). When the orthonormal setis of polynomial size in number n of variables, the consistency of a Boolean equation f = 0 can be determined in polynomial number of B-operations. A characterization of B(�) is also shown and an elimination based procedure for computing consistency of Boolean equations is proposed. Comments: 15 pages, Revised June 18, 2013 Category: cs.CC, cs.SC, ms.RA ACM class: I.1. 2, F.2. 2, G.2 MSC class: 03G05, 06E30, 94C10.
Conversion from Paninian Karakas to Universal Dependencies for Hindi Dependency Treebank

Universal Dependencies (UD) are gaining much attention of late for systematic evaluation of cross-lingual techniques for crosslingual dependency parsing. In this paper we present our work in line with UD. Our contribution to this is manifold. We extend UD to Indian languages through conversion of Pānịnian Dependencies to UD for the Hindi Dependency Treebank (HDTB). We discuss the differences in annotation in both the schemes, present parsing experiments for both the formalisms and empirically evaluate their weaknesses and strengths for Hindi. We produce an automatically converted Hindi Treebank conforming to the international standard UD scheme, making it useful as a resource for multilingual language technology.
HEUMANN AND DAVIES PERALKALINE RHYOLITES FROM KENYA Fig . 2 . Section of the East African rift valley near Lake Naivasha in Kenya showing the location

Mildly peralkaline rhyolites of the Olkaria Volcanic Complex, minor, continental magma system of mildly peralkaline located in the Kenyan sector of the East African rift valley, have composition [molar (Na2O + K2O)/Al2O3 or agpaitic low Sr concentrations and elevated Rb/Sr ratios (Sr 1·3–2 ppm; index, AI >1)]. The work was undertaken as a contrast Rb/Sr = 748–1769) that potentially allow the resolution of to far larger, prominent, caldera-forming peralkaline (e.g. time differences on the order of 1 ka by conventional Sr isotope Mahood, 1984) or metaluminous volcanic systems such determination. Because of their young eruption ages (Ζ20 ka), a as Long Valley (e.g. Halliday et al., 1989; Davies et al., chemically independent assessment of the Sr isotope results has been 1994). The goal is to assess how the rates of magmatic obtained by U-series dating. Rb–Sr isochron ages of pristine glasses processes vary with the size or composition of the system. and phenocrysts from the most chemically evolved rhyolites pre-date We utilize both the Rb–Sr and U–Th geochronometers the eruption ages and are best defined by a mineral isochron of 24 because they have distinct chemical behaviour and re± 1 ka. The glasses are in secular U–Th equilibrium so that no spond in different ways to magmatic processes. Comage information can be obtained. In contrast, glasses and minerals parison of the two isotope systems therefore may provide yield U–Th isochrons of 25 ± 10 ka and are probably controlled additional insights into the time scales of processes that by the Th-enriched accessory phase chevkinite. We therefore ascribe control the evolution of strongly differentiated silicic the pre-eruptive age information to crystallization of the observed magmas. phenocryst phases. Inferred high magma fractionation rates of up Peralkaline felsic magmas are most widespread in reto 2·5 × 10 km/yr are comparable with those for much gions of continental upwelling and/or rifting (Fitton & larger metaluminous silicic magma systems. Magma storage times Upton, 1987), but actually occur in a wide variety of (>22 ky), however, are much shorter and may best be accounted geodynamic settings, including oceanic islands (Caroff et for by the specific size, longevity and thermal gradient of the silicic al., 1993; Mungall & Martin, 1995), island arcs (Bevier magma system. et al., 1979) and extensional continental areas (Mahood, 1981; Civetta et al., 1984; Macdonald, 1987). There are various petrogenetic explanations for the generation of
Occipital sulci of the human brain: Variability and probability maps

The morphological variation of the sulci of the occipital region of the human brain was examined in both the left and the right hemispheres in 40 normal adult human brains on magnetic resonance images. We identified the occipital sulci and marked their corresponding gray matter voxels on the magnetic resonance images, which had been transformed into the Montreal Neurological Institute standard proportional stereotaxic space in order to construct probability maps. In the medial occipital region, the calcarine sulcus was the longest and most constant sulcus. We identified, in the inferior part of the medial occipital lobe, the lingual sulcus and the posterior collateral sulcus, and, in the superior part, the inferior and superior sagittal sulci of the cuneus. On the lateral surface of the occipital lobe, the lateral occipital, the lunate, and the transverse and inferior occipital sulci were identified. The parieto‐occipital fissure and the temporo‐occipital incisure were also identified on the lateral and medial surfaces. Finally, the patterns of the occipital sulci and gyri were examined in 20 post‐mortem human hemispheres fixed in formalin. Probability maps of the occipital sulci were constructed, which provide a quantitative description of the variability of the sulci in standard stereotaxic space and may be used to identify the location of voxels in other magnetic resonance images transformed into the same streotaxic space. These maps are a useful tool in the study of functional activations related to visual processing. J. Comp. Neurol. 501:243–259, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immigrant women’s occupational struggles during the socioeconomic crisis in Spain: Broadening occupational justice conceptualization

ABSTRACT Occupational scientists claim that further development of the concept of occupational justice is needed to enact the discipline’s commitment to social transformation. We argue that immigrant women’s experiences of occupations in Spain can contribute to this dialogue. Although research on occupations after migration has expanded internationally, limited studies have adopted a critical stance towards health and occupation simultaneously. Thus, we propose that advancing understanding of immigrant women’s experiences of daily participation in occupations and identifying health/well-being mediators to generate actions to promote health from a critical perspective might advance the conceptualization of occupational justice. A participatory health research study informed by Epistemologies of the South was undertaken with six women from Latin America. Data were generated through group discussion, interviews, diaries and Metaplan. A critical narrative analysis and a participatory thematic analysis were performed. Immigrant women's daily life in Spain (shared trajectories and experiences, occupational struggles, and health and well-being mediators and consequences) and an Agenda for change set by the participants (Daily challenges to overcome and possible formula to improve daily living) are reported. Findings are aligned with previous research revealing similar threats to occupational rights, impact on health and the strategies used to navigate both. New insights from the findings expand occupational justice conceptualization, portraying how structural elements such as class, gender and ethnicity shape occupational opportunities which create daily injustices negotiated through occupations, namely occupational struggles. These occupational struggles impact both negatively and positively on well-being. A specific action agenda towards occupational justice is recommended by the participants.
Two Algebraic Methods for Constructing Efficiently Encodable Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes

In this paper, we present two algebraic methods for constructing Quasi-Cyclic LDPC codes. The first method is based on the quadratic residues modulo p (where p is a prime), the second method is based on the multiplicative inverses in finite fields. The codes constructed based on these methods are efficiently encodable and have a girth at least 6. Simulation results show that with SPA decoding, the constructed codes based on our methods perform very well over the AWGN channel compared to some other types of famous codes, such as random Mackay code or extended EG-LDPC code recommended by NASA.
Disburdening the species conservation evolutionary algorithm of arguing with radii

The present paper investigates the hybridization of two well-known multimodal optimization methods, i.e. species conservation and multinational algorithms. The topological species conservation algorithm embraces the vision of the existence of subpopulations around seeds (the best local individuals) and the preservation of these dominating individuals from one generation to another, but detects multimodality by means of the hill-valley mechanism employed by multinational algorithms. The aim is to inherit the strengths of both parent techniques and at the same time overcome their flaws. The species conservation algorithm efficiently keeps track of several good search space regions at once, but is difficult to parametrize without prior problem knowledge. Conversely, the multinational algorithms use many functionevaluations to establish subpopulations, but do not depend onprovided radius parameter values. Experiments with all threealgorithms are made on a wide range of test problems in order toinvestigate their advantages and shortcomings.
“I don’t need to come out; I’m quite obvious”: a qualitative exploration of the relationship between young black gay men and their heterosexual fathers in South Africa

ABSTRACT This study explored the paternal relationship between young black gay men who have not disclosed their sexual orientation to their fathers and how their non-disclosure may possibly influence their relationship. A qualitative methodology grounded in a social constructionist paradigm was used. Six gay men were interviewed in Johannesburg, South Africa. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The main finding was that the father–son relationship was reported to be poor during the participants’ childhood but showed improvement in their adulthood. Given the South African context where paternal relationships are reported as difficult, the relationship was described as “normal”. The findings show the definition of being gay to be socially constructed as someone who lacks masculine behaviour. Participants reported homophobic experiences in their childhood that may have influenced their paternal relationship. Participants did not disclose their sexual orientation because they perceived that their gender-nonconforming behaviour meant that their fathers already knew of their sexual orientation.
A Novel and Fast Algorithm to Detect Moving Objects for Content Based Applications

The new video coding standard MPEG-4 is enabling content-based functionalities as well as high coding efficiency considering shape information of moving objects. This paper presents a technique for detecting moving objects in a video. This technique consists of three stages-motion estimation, spatial segmentation and motion based region merging. Experimental results using traffic video sequence is presented to demonstrate the accuracy of our proposed algorithm
ProfCom: a web tool for profiling the complex functionality of gene groups identified from high-throughput data

ProfCom is a web-based tool for the functional interpretation of a gene list that was identified to be related by experiments. A trait which makes ProfCom a unique tool is an ability to profile enrichments of not only available Gene Ontology (GO) terms but also of ‘complex functions’. A ‘Complex function’ is constructed as Boolean combination of available GO terms. The complex functions inferred by ProfCom are more specific in comparison to single terms and describe more accurately the functional role of genes. ProfCom provides a user friendly dialog-driven web page submission available for several model organisms and supports most available gene identifiers. In addition, the web service interface allows the submission of any kind of annotation data. ProfCom is freely available at http://webclu.bio. wzw.tum. de/profcom/.
Effective Lagrangian for the $\chi^{+}_j \chi^{-}_kH^{0}_l$ interaction in the minimal supersymmetric standard model and neutral Higgs decays

We extend previous analyses of the supersymmetric loop correction to the neutral Higgs couplings to include the coupling $\chi^{+}_j \chi^{-}_kH^{0}_l$. The analysis completes the previous analyses where similar corrections were computed for the $\bar{\tau} \tau H^{0}_l$, $\bar{b} b H^{0}_l$, $\bar{c} c H^{0}_l$ and for $\bar{t} t H^{0}_l$ couplings within the minimal supersymmetric standard model. The effective one loop Lagrangian is then applied to the computation of the neutral Higgs decays. The sizes of the supersymmetric loop corrections of the neutral Higgs decay widths into $\chi^{+}_i \chi^{-}_j$ ($i=1,2$; $j=1,2$) are investigated and the supersymmetric loop correction is found to be in the range of $7\sim15%$ in significant regions of the parameter space. By including the loop corrections of the other decay channels $\bar{b} b$, $\bar{t} t$, $\bar{\tau} \tau$, $\bar{c} c$, and $\chi^0_i \chi^0_j$ ($i=1-4$; $j=1-4$), the corrections to branching ratios for $H^{0}_l\to \chi^{+}_i \chi^{-}_j$ can reach as high as 40%. The effects of CP phases on the branching ratio are also investigated.
Evidence for DNA bending at the T7 RNA polymerase promoter.

Phage T7 RNA polymerase is the only DNA-dependent RNA polymerase for which we have a high-resolution structure of the promoter-bound complex. Recent studies with the more complex RNA polymerases have suggested a role for DNA wrapping in the initiation of transcription. Here, circular permutation gel retardation assays provide evidence that the polymerase does indeed bend its promoter DNA. A complementary set of experiments employing differential phasing from an array of phased A-tracts provides further evidence for both intrinsic and polymerase-induced bends in the T7 RNA polymerase promoter DNA. The bend in the complex is predicted to be about 40-60 degrees and to be centered around positions -2 to +1, at the start site for transcription, while the intrinsic bend is much smaller (about 10 degrees ). These results, viewed in the light of a recent crystal structure for the complex, suggest a mechanism by which binding leads directly to bending. Bending at the start site would then facilitate the melting necessary to initiate transcription.
Non-Pecuniary Returns to Higher Education: The Effect on Smoking Intensity in the UK

This paper investigates whether higher education (HE) produces non-pecuniary returns via a reduction in the intensity of consumption of health-damaging substances. In particular, it focuses on current smoking intensity of the British individuals sampled in the 29-year follow-up survey of the 1970 British Cohort Study. We estimate endogenous dummy ordinal response models for cigarette consumption and show that HE is endogenous with respect to smoking intensity and that even when endogeneity is accounted for, HE is found to have a strong negative effect on smoking intensity. Moreover, pecuniary channels, such as occupation and income, mediate only a minor part of the effect of HE. Our results are robust to modelling individual self-selection into current smoking participation (at age 29) and to estimating a dynamic model in which past smoking levels affect current smoking levels.
Image Segmentation Using Energy Minimization and Markov Random Fields

Image segmentation is one of the hot fields of computer vision. In this paper, we propose a novel Markov random fields image segmentation algorithm. According to Gibbs distribution and MRF equivalence, image segmentation problem is transformed to minimize the posterior energy function corresponding to the labeling problem. The energy function can be efficiently minimized using the expansion move algorithm which is one of the most effective algorithms in graph cuts. The data term parameter estimation method using an iterative process is similar to the EM(expectation maximization) algorithm. Experimental results are provided to illustrate the satisfactory performance of our method on both synthetic and remote sensing images
Energy-Constrained Provisioning for Scientific Workflow Ensembles

Large computational problems may often be modelled using multiple scientific workflows with similar structure. These workflows can be grouped into ensembles, which may be executed on distributed platforms such as the Cloud. In this paper, we focus on the provisioning of resources for scientific workflow ensembles and address the problem of meeting energy constraints along with either budget or deadline constraints. We propose and evaluate two energy-aware algorithms that can be used for resource provisioning and task scheduling. Experimental evaluation is based on simulations using synthetic data based on parameters of real scientific workflow applications. The results show that our proposed algorithms can meet constraints and minimize energy consumption without compromising the number of completed workflows in an ensemble.
Google map aided visual navigation for UAVs in GPS-denied environment

We propose a framework for Google Map aided UAV navigation in GPS-denied environment. Geo-referenced navigation provides drift-free localization and does not require loop closures. The UAV position is initialized via correlation, which is simple and efficient. We then use optical flow to predict its position in subsequent frames. During pose tracking, we obtain inter-frame translation either by motion field or homography decomposition, and we use HOG features for registration on Google Map. We employ particle filter to conduct a coarse to fine search to localize the UAV. Offline test using aerial images collected by our quadrotor platform shows promising results as our approach eliminates the drift in dead-reckoning, and the small localization error indicates the superiority of our approach as a supplement to GPS.
An in Depth Comparison of Four Texture Segmentation Methods

Texture segmentation is the process of partitioning an image into regions with different textures containing similar group of pixels. This paper presents a comparative study of four texture segmentation methods based on the following features: descriptors, heuristic function, fuzzy logic and Mask based features. Many types of textures are considered for analysis. The comparative results show that descriptor based approach is the most suitable for segmenting both natural and mosaic textures whereas heuristic function based approach is most suitable for random textures. Fuzzy features based approach is found to yield better segments for regular patterns while Mask feature based approach is the best for segmenting Natural images, but fails miserably on Mosaic textures. Fuzzy C-means classification is used for achieving texture segmentation.
Are They True to the Cause? Beliefs About Organizational and Unit Commitment to Sexual Harassment Awareness Training

Sexual harassment awareness training is crucial for both legal defensibility purposes and for creating a psychologically safe environment for employees. Using a pretest/posttest design in an organizational setting, this study examined the simple and interactive effects of two individual perceptions toward the training context—cynicism toward organizational harassment change and perceived unit ethical climate—on posttraining knowledge and myth-based attitudes regarding sexual harassment. With the exception of a marginally significant effect of cynicism on posttraining knowledge, the outcomes were largely unaffected by either of the predictors, individually. However, cynicism toward organizational harassment change and perceived unit ethical climate interacted to predict both outcomes, such that training outcomes particularly suffer when individuals are cynical toward organizational change and perceive the work group as unethical. This underscores the importance of consideration of both organizational and work group levels of context simultaneously, in evaluating effectiveness, as well as the need for the organization to communicate a congruent harassment-free workplace message at both the unit and organizational levels. In addition, we examined the mediating role of motivation to learn on these relationships but found no evidence of indirect effects. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.