Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural variation involving deletion alleles of FRIGIDA modulate temperature-sensitive flowering responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Ambient temperature is one of the major environmental factors that modulate plant growth and development. There is extensive natural genetic variation in thermal responses of plants exemplified by the variation exhibited by the accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. In this work we have studied the enhanced temperature response in hypocotyl elongation and flowering shown by the Tsu-0 accession in long days. Genetic mapping in the Col-0 × Tsu-0 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population identified several QTLs for thermal response including three major effect loci encompassing candidate genes FRIGIDA (FRI), FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). We confirm and validate these QTLs. We show that the Tsu-0 FRI allele, which is the same as FRI-Ler is associated with late flowering but only at lower temperatures in long days. Using transgenic lines and accessions, we show that the FRI-Ler allele confers temperature-sensitive late flowering confirming a role for FRI in photoperiod-dependent thermal response. Through quantitative complementation with heterogeneous inbred families, we further show that cis-regulatory variation at FT contributes to the observed hypersensitivity of Tsu-0 to ambient temperature. Overall our results suggest that multiple loci that interact epistatically govern photoperiod-dependent thermal responses of A. thaliana.
Structural Analysis of Collagen Type I Interactions with Human Fibronectin Reveals a Cooperative Binding Mode

Background: The fibronectin (FN)-collagen interaction is important for cell adhesion and migration. Results: FN modules 8–9FnI interact with two distinct sites in both chains of collagen I. All six collagen-binding FN modules interact cooperatively with a single collagen site. Conclusion: Collagen I possesses four equipotent sites for FN. Significance: We have mapped FN binding to collagen I and demonstrated the first cooperative interaction. Despite its biological importance, the interaction between fibronectin (FN) and collagen, two abundant and crucial tissue components, has not been well characterized on a structural level. Here, we analyzed the four interactions formed between epitopes of collagen type I and the collagen-binding fragment (gelatin-binding domain (GBD)) of human FN using solution NMR, fluorescence, and small angle x-ray scattering methods. Collagen association with FN modules 8–9FnI occurs through a conserved structural mechanism but exhibits a 400-fold disparity in affinity between collagen sites. This disparity is reduced in the full-length GBD, as 6FnI1–2FnII7FnI binds a specific collagen epitope next to the weakest 8–9FnI-binding site. The cooperative engagement of all GBD modules with collagen results in four broadly equipotent FN-collagen interaction sites. Collagen association stabilizes a distinct monomeric GBD conformation in solution, giving further evidence to the view that FN fragments form well defined functional and structural units.
catena-Poly[bis[dimethyl(pyridine-κN)indium(III)]-μ4-benzene-1,3-diolato-bis[dimethylindium(III)]-μ4-benzene-1,3-diolato]

The title compound, [In2(CH3)4(C6H4O2)(C5H5N)] or [{(CH3)2In}(1,3-O2C6H4){In(CH3)2(py)}]n, (py = pyridine) contains two crystallographically unique InIII ions which are in distorted tetrahedral C2O2 and distorted trigonal-bipyramidal C2O2N coordination environments. The InIII coordination centers are bridged head-to-head via In—O bonds, yielding four-membered In2O2 rings and zigzag polymeric chains along [001].
Why trade facilitation matters to Africa1

Abstract Mitigating the impact of the economic crisis will require using all the tools necessary to regain a sustainable path to growth. This includes measures to support trade expansion, including in developing countries, such as those in Africa. This paper provides context for understanding why trade facilitation and lowering trade costs matter to Africa both today and over the long term. Trade costs are higher in Africa than in other regions. Using gravity-model estimates, the authors compute ad-valorem equivalents of improvements in trade indicators for a sample of African countries. The evidence suggests that the gains for African exporters from cutting trade costs half-way to the level of Mauritius has a greater effect on trade flows than a substantial cut in tariff barriers. As an example, improving logistics so that Ethiopia cuts its costs of trading a standardized container of goods half-way to the level in Mauritius would be roughly equivalent to a 7.6% cut in tariffs faced by Ethiopian exporters across all importers.
Blisters, cooling, antithromboxanes, and healing in experimental zone-of-stasis burns.

To appraise the ability of each to improve wound healing in zone-of-stasis burns (i.e., burns becoming progressively more ischemic early postburn), 1) an antithromboxane (dipyridamol PO immediately postburn), 2) burn-wound cooling, 3) their combination, or 4) no treatment was administered to burned guinea pigs half of which had burn blisters removed immediately postburn (PB). In all groups with blisters removed whole-thickness or very deep partial-thickness skin loss occurred. In all groups with blisters intact complete reversal of ischemia occurred without necrosis and, while dipyridamol and cooling each diminished stasis early PB, only cooled wounds showed any improved retention of hair follicles at 3 weeks PB. In this model, therefore: 1) blister removal eliminated any therapeutic effect of cooling or dipyridamol; 2) in burns with blisters intact, absorbed heat appeared at least as detrimental to healing as stasis, and 3) some of the beneficial effects of cooling appeared unrelated to prevention of stasis.
Identication and analysis of discontinuous preferences in discrete choice experiments

Utilising data from a discrete choice experiment study designed to determine the existence value of a number of rare and endangered sh species, this paper uses latent class logit models to derive individual-specic probabilities of respondents having discontinuous preferences. Subsequently these probabilities are used to condition the attribute values in a multinomial error component logit model. The ndings oer clear evidence that signicant improvements in model performance can be achieved when the strength of discontinuity of each respondent’s preferences are accommodated in the econometric specication, and that the magnitude and robustness of the welfare estimates are sensitive to discontinuous preferences.
Logarithmically scalable routing algorithms in large optical networks

In this paper, we present three logarithmically scalable routing algorithms for very large optical networks. The algorithms are based on a hierarchical approach. Each algorithm requires a different amount of information to be stored at each node, and results in a different efficiency. The network capacity provided by each algorithm is compared with that provided by the global shortest path algorithm (which is not scalable). It is found that the network capacities of the three algorithms are almost the same as that of the global shortest path algorithm. For fixed routing algorithms, we use an approximate analysis from which the blocking probability at a fixed network load can iterately be obtained (we use call blocking probability as our quality objective and compare network capacity by observing the difference in the offered load which produces the same blocking probability). The approximate analysis is validated through simulation and is found to be very accurate. Scalable, quasi-dynamic routing algorithms are also studied. Numerical results show that, when the node-capacity is equal to the capacity of a single wavelength and the bandwidth required per call is large ( greater than 24% of the link capacity), the capacity provided by the quasi-dynamic routing algorithm is very close to that of an infinite capacity centralized switch (lowest possible call blocking caused exclusively by congestion on the finite capacity user input/output links, never by the switch fabric itself). In all the examples considered, the improvement of the quasi-dynamic routing algorithm over the fixed routing algorithm is significant.
Indicators for Responsible Research and Innovation: A Methodological Proposal for Context-Based Weighting

In the last decade, the term Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has rapidly attracted the attention of policy-makers and researchers of Europe, mainly due to its promotion by the European Commission (EC). The concretion of this framework of RRI has been articulated by the EC around six key areas: governance, public engagement, gender equality, science education, open access, and open science and ethics. The indicators to measure these dimensions have been proposed recently. In our opinion the set of indicators available so far has two weaknesses: a lack of context-based indicators and a need for hierarchical ordering. Our aim is to provide tools for policy- and decision-makers that might need to identify the more important indicators in a specific context. In this work, we explored how the multicriteria analysis technique Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) can be used to prioritize indicators for RRI by involving experts in the specific context. The AHP method allowed weighting indicators according to experts in the different areas and producing four different options to select indicators. The method of AHP can be an appropriated instrument to select the most suitable indicators for RRI policies and initiatives.
Landing strategies focusing on the control of tibial rotation in the initial contact period of one‐leg forward hops

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) surgeries successfully restore anterior tibial translation but not tibial rotation. This study aimed to explore landing strategies focusing on the control of tibial rotation at landing when the ACL is most vulnerable. Three groups of male subjects (50 ACLRs, 26 basketball players, and 31 controls) participated in one‐leg forward hop tests for determining the tibial rotatory landing strategies adopted during the initial landing phase. The differences in knee kinematics and muscle activities between internal and external tibial rotatory (ITR, ETR) landing strategies were examined. A higher proportion of basketball players (34.6%) were found to adopt ITR strategies (controls: 6.5%), exhibiting significantly greater hopping distance and knee strength. After adjusting for hopping distance, subjects adopting ITR strategies were found to hop faster with straighter knees at foot contact and with greater ITR and less knee adduction angular displacement during the initial landing phase. However, significantly greater angular displacement in knee flexion, greater medial hamstring activities, and greater co‐contraction index of hamstrings and medial knee muscles were also found during initial landing. Our results support the importance of the recruitments of medial hamstrings or the local co‐contraction in assisting the rotatory control of the knee during initial landing for avoiding ACL injuries.
Concurrent planning and execution for autonomous robots

The task control architecture (TCA) provides communication and coordination facilities to construct distributed, concurrent robotic systems. The use of TCA in a system that walks a legged robot through rugged terrain is described. The walking system, as originally implemented, had a sequential sense-plan-act control cycle. Utilizing TCA features for task sequencing and monitoring, the system was modified to concurrently plan and execute steps. Walking speed improved by over 30%, with only a relatively modest conversion effort. <<ETX>>
The development of IoT LoRa: A performance evaluation on LoS and Non-LoS environment at 915 MHz ISM frequency

Our work has developed the Internet of Things (IoT) LoRa prototype to support the remote measurement of temperature at the frequency of 915 MHz. The device is structured by a temperature sensor, memory storage, data processing and data visualization using Cloud Server on the Web Browser. The performance is evaluated by both LoS and Non-LoS field trial of 14 dBm transmit power. By using the IoT platform of LoRa, end devices with low energy consumption that connected to gateways, shall perform a more efficient data transmission to other devices and network servers. We conduct field trial on Line of Sight (LoS) and Non-LoS condition in the surrounding area of University Indonesia campus. The results have indicated that prototype is working well on both condition, while RSSI may vary from −50 dB to −105 dB. For LoS condition, RSSI is at intervals of −55 dB to −90 dB for distance of 100 meters to 700 meters, while for Non-LoS condition is at intervals of −62 dB to −99 dB for distance of 100 meters to 400 meters. Accordingly, the LoRa is proven to be efficiently used for the IoT applications of both LoS and Non-LoS condition, while a specific design should be adjusted.
An Institutionalist Approach to Redundancies in the Chemical Industry

The paper explores the relevance of an institutionalist approach to industrial unemployment by examining the transformations that have occurred in the chemical industry of two industrial areas: Teesside (UK) and Brindisi (Italy). It assumes that processes of industrial restructuring and redundancies are shaped by (and shape) a complex matrix of institutions that affect corporate definitions of economic rationality and mediate their employment strategies. These institutions also explain the spatial heterogeneity of restructuring responses to common restructuring problems. The emphasis of this approach lies therefore less in the claim that organizational action adapts to the conditions of the market or is independent of it, but rather that organizations behave as part of specific institutional systems.
Trade and Protection with Multistage Production

This paper analyzes trade in manufactured goods that are produced via a vertical production structure with many stages, where some value is added at each to an intermediate product to yield a good-in-process ready for the next stage. We consider the stage at which a good is traded to be an economically endogenous variable, with comparative advantage determining the pattern of production specialization by stages across countries. We study how endowment changes and policy shifts move the margin of comparative advantage, which thus provides a channel for resource allocation adjustment that is additional to the usual ones of factor substitution and changes in the quantity of output.
A Reply to “A Replication of “Economic Development and the Impacts of Natural Disasters” (Economics Letters 2007)”

In this reply we offer a response to the Mercer and Reed (2015) replication of Toya and Skidmore (2007). The replication study extends the original work in several important dimensions and is a very useful contribution. Nevertheless, we offer additional evaluation and discussion of the robustness portion of their replication. In particular, we consider the fixed effects and interval regression estimates.
How Decision Makers Evaluate Alternatives and the Influence of Complexity

The evaluation of alternatives during organizational decision making was investigated to uncover evaluation tactics used by decision makers and how these tactics and complexity influenced success. Evaluation tactics that relied upon subjective, judgmental, bargaining, and analytical inferences were uncovered from 317 strategic decisions. The complexity of these decisions was measured by the numbers of alternatives considered, number of criteria used, and perceived difficulty of the evaluation task to identify conditions under which the evaluation tactics were successful. The managerial implications of evaluating alternatives with the tactics that used judgmental, bargaining, analytical, and subjective inferences under different levels of complexity are discussed.
Cerebrovascular Events After a Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Strategy for Acute ST-Segment– Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Analysis From the HORIZONS-AMI Trial

Background—Patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction are at increased risk of cerebrovascular events. We assessed the incidence, predictors, and implications of cerebrovascular events in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction managed with a primary percutaneous coronary intervention strategy. Methods and Results—In the Harmonizing Outcomes With Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) trial, 72 of 3602 patients (2.0%) experienced at least 1 cerebrovascular event (stroke: 63 patients; transient ischemic attack: 12 patients) during the 3-year follow-up (40.3% within 30 days, 20.8% between 30 days and 1 year, and 38.9% between 1 and 3 years). Stroke was ischemic in 58 (92.1%) patients and hemorrhagic in 5 (7.9%) patients. More than half of all strokes (52.3%) were disabling. By principal management strategy, cerebrovascular events developed in 2.0%, 14.9%, and 1.9% of patients triaged to primary percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, and medical therapy, respectively (P<0.0001). Cerebrovascular events were independently predicted by older age, creatinine clearance <60 mL/min, treatment with coronary artery bypass grafting, anemia, and diabetes mellitus. Cerebrovascular events were associated with significantly increased rates of 3-year mortality (20.5% versus 6.5%; P<0.0001), as well as reinfarction (14.3% versus 3.8%; P=0.0007), ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization (22.8% versus 13.0%; P=0.006), and major bleeding (23.5% versus 8.4%; P<0.0001). Conclusions—In HORIZONS-AMI, cerebrovascular events within 3 years after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction in patients undergoing a primary percutaneous coronary intervention management strategy occurred in 2.0% of patients and were most frequent after coronary artery bypass grafting. Cerebrovascular events were often disabling and were strongly associated with high rates of death, reinfarction, recurrent ischemia, and major bleeding. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00433966.
SimSelect: Similarity‐based selection for 3D surfaces

Surface selection is one of the fundamental interactions in shape modeling. In the case of complex models, this task is often tedious for at least two reasons: firstly the local geometry of a given region may be hard to manually select and needs great accuracy; secondly the selection process may have to be repeated a large number of times for similar regions requiring similar subsequent editing. We propose SimSelect, a new system for interactive selection on 3D surfaces addressing these two issues. We cope with the accuracy issue by classifying selections in different types, namely components, parts and patches for which we independently optimize the selection process. Second, we address the repetitiveness issue by introducing an expansion process based on shape recognition which automatically retrieves potential selections similar to the user‐defined one. As a result, our system provides the user with a compact set of simple interaction primitives providing a smooth select‐and‐edit workflow.
Relations between Some Anthropometric Characteristics and Fundamental Movement Skills in Eight Year Old Children / Povezanost morfološke građe i biotičkih motoričkih znanja u osmogodišnje djece

AbstractThis study was set to determine the relationship between Body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (BF) and fundamental movement skills of eight-year-old children. Seventy-three (36 boys, 37 girls) second grade children were included in the testing. Weight, height, triceps and calf skinfolds were measured for BMI and BF assessment. Two different approach fundamental movement skills tests were administered: "Test of Gross Motor Development-2" (TGMD-2) and fundamental movement skills test (FMS-POLYGON). The correlation between the BMI and the results in two administered tests proved not to be statistically significant. However, significant correlations were found between BF and total TGMD-2 score (r=-0.42; p=0.011) and the total FMS-POLYGON score (r=0.45; p=0.05) only among girls. The most commonly used test for body composition assessment in children - BMI - proved not to be precise enough in relations with FMS. Significant correlation between BMI and fundamental movement skills are expected only in targeted (homogeneous) group of subjects.Key words: adipose tissue, body mass index, motor skills, obesity, TGMD-2. --- SažetakIstraživanje je provedeno s ciljem utvrđivanja povezanosti između indeksa tjelesne mase (BMI), postotka masnog tkiva (BF) i biotičkih motoričkih znanja (BMZ) u dječaka (N=36) i djevojčica (N=37) prosječne dobi od 8,09 ± 0,25 godina. Kako bi se utvrdila razina usvojenosti biotičkih motoričkih znanja, primijenjen je test za procjenu kvalitete izvedbe BMZ „Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition - TGMD-2" i test za procjenu kvantitete izvedbe BMZ „FMS-POLYGON". Rezultati korelacijske analize pokazali su kako ne postoji statistički značajna povezanost između BMI i BMZ. Značajna povezanost dobivena je između BF i BMZ (TGMD-2: r=-0.42; p=0.011; FMS-POLYGON: r=0.45; p=0.05) i to samo kod osmogodišnjih djevojčica. Shodno dobivenim rezultatima može se zaključiti kako BMI pruža ograničene informacije prilikom definiranja povezanosti između morfološke građe i BMZ u odnosu na BF. Ključne riječi: indeks tjelesne mase; motorička znanja; potkožno masno tkivo; pretilost; TGMD-2
Biochemical and biophysical studies of Helicobacter pylori arginine decarboxylase, an enzyme important for acid adaptation in host

Despite importance of arginine decarboxylase (ADC: EC 4.1.1.19) of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) 26695 pathogenic strain for acid adaptation in host, the enzyme has not yet been studied at a molecular level. Using combined approaches that include kinetic assays, site‐directed mutagenesis, circular dichroism, heat‐induced denaturation, analytical gel‐filtration, and homology modeling, we report here a detailed investigation of H. pylori ADC. The pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (PLP)‐dependent enzyme exhibits higher catalytic activity in the presence of Mg2+ ions at pH ∼8.5. Unlike other bacterial ADCs, this homolog exists as a hexamer. The higher thermal stability (Tm ∼65.8 ± 0.2 °C) of the enzyme observed from the heat‐induced circular dichroism measurements indicates its secondary structural stabilization in the presence of PLP. The kinetic parameters Km and kcat of the enzyme are determined to be 3.4 ± 0.2 mM and 55.2 ± 1.0 min−1, respectively. We elucidate that Cys487, a conserved residue located at the active‐site, is involved in the catalysis, whose pKa value was estimated to be ∼7.2. The homology model of the protein show conserved α/β TIM barrel and β‐sandwich domains, which are characteristic features of fold III decarboxylases. A lower sequence identity (∼21%) of this enzyme compared with its human counterpart has enabled us to screen putative inhibitors of H. pylori ADC. We found that α‐difluoromethylarginine inhibits the activity of the H. pylori enzyme competitively with a Ki value ∼118 µM and thus it can serve as a basis to design inhibitors with higher efficacy against this ADC. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(7):658–669, 2018