Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS FOR A CORBA-BASED APPLICATION AUTHORIZATION SERVICE 1

Resource Access Decision (RAD) Service allows separation of authorization from application functionality in distributed application systems by providing a logically centralized authorization control mechanism. RAD has attractive features such as decoupling of authorization logic from application logic, simplicity, generality, flexibility, support for complex application level access control, and ease of policy administration in heterogeneous, distributed systems. However, there is a concern of performance penalty for obtaining authorization decisions from a possibly remote server on each application request. We describe our work in measuring run-time performance of a CORBA-based Application Authorization Service (CAAS), which is compliant with the OMG specification of Resource Access Decision Facility, and draw conclusions about performance considerations in implementation of RAD compliant authorization services. We identify factors, which affect overall run-time performance of the approach and suggest possible solutions.
Evolutionary Analysis on Cooperative Behavior of Cluster Enterprises in Supply Chain Network

In the industrial cluster, there is a supply chain network which has the competitive advantage of integrating enterprise resources and core abilities. In the supply chain network, this paper proposes two evolutionary game models of horizontal symmetrical and vertical asymmetric based on strong ties and weak ties of cluster enterprises cooperative behavior, studies evolutionary path and impact factors of cooperative behavior. The study shows that the evolutionary result of cooperative behavior depends on the initial status, assets return, return adjustment and network income of the cluster enterprises. lastly, this paper analyzes policy meaning of the result.
On the origin of gypsum in the Mars north polar region

[1] We describe the distribution and concentration of the largest Martian gypsum deposit discovered to date by the Mars Express OMEGA (Observatoire pour le Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite) imaging spectrometer, its relationship to the late Amazonian-aged north polar dunes in which it is found, and its likely origin. Gypsum has not been discovered anywhere within the north polar region outside of the Olympia Undae dune sea. In the areas of highest gypsum a concentration, 35% pure gypsum grains of a few tens of micrometers in size, mixed with 65% millimeter-sized gypsum grains containing, dark, spectrally featureless inclusions best fit the OMEGA observations. The gypsum-rich dunes contain no significant average albedo, temperature, or morphological anomalies. We propose that water emanating from nearby channels, carved during melting of the polar layered deposits, infiltrated the eastern end of the polar dune sea, percolating through the dunes. Deposits of gypsum resulted from a combination of direct, in situ alteration of sulfide- and high-calcium-pyroxene-bearing dunes and from formation of evaporitic gypsum crystals in the pore spaces of these dunes. This gypsum deposit formed in a unique local environment and is disconnected from sulfate-forming events elsewhere on Mars which are thought to have occurred much earlier, during the late Noachian and Hesperian, by various means. Sulfates have not been discovered in any other collection of dunes on Mars.
Improving network throughput in 60GHz WLANs via multi-AP diversity

Due to the limited diffracting ability of millimeter wave (mm-wave) signals, solving the blockage problem in 60GHz WLANs is one of major challenges. Since multiple access points (AP) are typically employed in the indoor environment to ensure the coverage and to meet the increasing demand for extremely high data rate applications, in this paper, we propose a multi-AP architecture with which a MAC layer device called an Access Controller (AC) is employed to enable each station to associate and cooperate with multiple APs. In this way, multi-AP diversity can be exploited to solve the blockage problem. Since APs may not fully obtain the state of channels, we formulate the AP selection problem as a Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and obtain an optimal policy. Moreover, a threshold-based policy with reduced complexity is developed with which the decision for AP selection depends only on the number of consecutive transmission failures. The optimal threshold value for AP selection is also derived. Simulation results show that the threshold-based policy achieves almost the same performance as the optimal policy derived from POMDP.
Gantzer muscle. An anatomical study

OBJECTIVE: The relationship of Gantzer muscle to the median and anterior interosseous nerve is debated. METHODS: Ìn an anatomical study with 80 limbs from 40 cadavers the incidence, origin, insertion, nerve supply and relations of Gantzer muscle have been documented. RESULTS: The muscle was found in 54 forearms (68% of limbs) and was supplied by the anterior interosseous nerve. It arose from the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle, (42 limbs), coronoid process (eight limbs) and medial epicondyle (seven limbs). Its insertion was to the ulnar part of flexor pollicis longus muscle. The Gantzer muscle always lay posterior to both the median and anterior interosseous nerve. CONCLUSION: The Gantzer muscle may contribute to the median nerve and anterior interosseous nerve compression. The muscle was found in 68% of limbs and should be considered a normal anatomical pattern rather than an anatomical variation. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series .
VisionSynaptics: a system convert hand-writing and image symbol into computer symbol

In recent years, the electronic white board and the tablet smart PC device receive more and more attraction as an important technique and wide application in human-computer interaction, such as education, entertainment and engineering application etc. In this paper, we presented a novel and intelligent symbol recognition platform, VisionSynaptics, which can convert image and handwriting symbol into computer symbol. For the single symbol recognition, our system is invariant to scaling, rotation, translation and style of drawing and for the sketch or flowchart, VisionSynaptics establishes an architecture that utilizes a number of pattern recognition tools to convert hand-drawn or image diagrams into computer graphics by segmenting the original diagram into individual components. This method generates hypothesis graphs for each component and utilizes a rule-based floor planning routine for component and symbol placement. Experiments have indicated that even novice users can effectively utilize our system to solve real engineering problems without having to know much about the underlying recognition techniques. Therefore, such system brings a new technique for human factor with that users can learn the abstract symbol, graphics and flowchart effectively and efficiently by the visual comparative learning assisted.
Antibacterial activity and therapeutic efficacy of Fl-PRPRPL-5, a cationic amphiphilic polyproline helix, in a mouse model of staphylococcal skin infection

The antibacterial activities and therapeutic efficacy of the cationic, unnatural proline-rich peptide Fl-PRPRPL-5 were evaluated against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a mouse model of skin infection. Fl-PRPRPL-5 showed potent activity against all clinical isolates of S. aureus tested, including methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA and VRSA, respectively). Fl-PRPRPL-5 was also superior in clearing established in vitro biofilms of S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, compared with the established antimicrobials mupirocin and vancomycin. Additionally, topical treatment of an MRSA-infected wound with Fl-PRPRPL-5 enhanced wound closure and significantly reduced bacterial load. Finally, 0.5% Fl-PRPRPL-5 significantly reduced the levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in wounds induced by MRSA skin infection. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest the potential application of Fl-PRPRPL-5 in the treatment of staphylococcal skin infections.
Architectural performance analysis of FPGA synthesized LEON processors

Current processors have gone through multiple internal optimization to speed-up the average execution time e.g. pipelines, branch prediction. Besides, internal communication mechanisms and shared resources like caches or buses have a significant impact on Worst-Case Execution Times (WCETs). Having an accurate estimate of a WCET is now a challenge. Probabilistic approaches provide a viable alternative to single WCET estimation. They consider WCET as a probabilistic distribution associated to uncertainty or risk. In this paper, we present synthetic benchmarks and associated analysis for several LEON3 configurations on FPGA targets. Benchmarking exposes key parameters to execution time variability allowing for accurate probabilistic modeling of system dynamics. We analyze the impact of architecturelevel configurations on average and worst-case behaviors.
Forecasting Electric Vehicle charging demand using Support Vector Machines

Road transport today is dominated by oil-delivered fuels and internal combustion engines and such a high level of dependence on one single source of primary energy carries strategic, climatic and economic risks [1]. Electric mobility offers an opportunity for diversification of the primary energy sources used in transport, but also brings new risks, technological challenges and commercial imperatives. Large penetration of Electric Vehicles (EV) will increase the electricity demand and load forecasting plays a central role in the operation and planning of electric power. This paper proposes a short-term load forecast model using Support Vector Machines, an artificial intelligence technique. A realistic scenario is studied to test the performance of the suggested model. The accuracy of the method is evaluated through a comparison with a Monte Carlo forecasting technique.
Changes in optic flow and scene contrast affect the driving speed

While walking in a virtual environment, the optic flow can be manipulated to elicit the impression of moving faster or slower compared to the actual walking speed. In this study, we investigated whether participants in a driving simulation are similarly sensitive to changes in the velocity of the optic flow. Moreover, it has been shown that drivers’ speed perception is affected by the contrast of the scene. For instance, a spatially uniform contrast reduction, simulating, fog, leads to a lower perceived speed and, therefore, to a higher produced speed (Snowden, Stimpson and Ruddle, 1998). In our driving simulation study, we tested speed perception and production under more realistic fog conditions and manipulated the motion of the road surface to alter the optic flow. Results showed that with an increased optic flow velocity drivers slow down, with a slower optic flow they speed up. These behavioural effects are more pronounced compared to the effects during walking, emphasizing once more the importance of optic flow for speed estimation in driving simulations. Furthermore, in our scenario, the simulated fog led to lower produced speed, and not to speeding. This result supports the interpretation that fog leaves visible only peripheral portions of the scene, where high angular velocities signal a higher driving speed.
A mathematical approach towards semi-automatic image annotation

In this paper, an interactive approach to obtain semantic annotations for images is presented. The proposed approach aims at what millions of single, online and cooperative gamers are keen to do, enjoy themselves in a competitive environment. It focuses on computer gaming and the use of humans in a widely distributed fashion. This approach deviates from the conventional “content-based image retrieval (CBIR)” paradigm favoured by the research community to tackle the problems related to the semantic annotation and tagging of multimedia contents. The proposed approach uses a multifaceted mathematical model based on game theories to aggregate numbers of different key-paradigms, such as Image Processing, Machine Learning and Game based approaches to generate accurate annotations. As a consequence, this approach is capable of identifying less-rational (cheating oriented) players, thus eliminating them from generating incorrect annotations. The performance of the proposed framework is tested with a number of game players. Result shows that this approach is capable of obtaining correct annotations in practice.
Phase I Trial of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Flavopiridol in Combination with Docetaxel in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicities and characterize the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel and flavopiridol in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Experimental Design: Docetaxel was administered at an initial dose of 60 mg/m2 followed in 24 hours by a 72-hour infusion of flavopiridol at 50 mg/m2/d every 3 weeks. Because dose-limiting myelosuppression occurred, the schedule was amended to docetaxel, 50 mg/m2, followed by escalating doses of flavopiridol (starting dose, 26 mg/m2/d) as a 1-hour infusion daily for 3 days. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed. Ki67, p53, and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (phospho-Rb) in paired tumor and buccal mucosa biopsies (obtained pre- and posttreatment) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results: Eleven patients were enrolled. Five patients received docetaxel and 72-hour flavopiridol. Dose-limiting toxicity was grade 4 neutropenia. Six patients received docetaxel and 1-hour flavopiridol, and the dose-limiting toxicity was grade 3 hypotension. Pharmacokinetics of flavopiridol and docetaxel were consistent with historical data. Nuclear staining with p53 increased and phospho-Rb decreased in 10 pairs of buccal mucosa biopsies posttreatment (P = 0.002 and P = 0.04, respectively). No significant changes in Ki67, p53, or phospho-Rb were detected in six paired tumors. Two patients sustained stable disease for >3 months (72-hour flavopiridol), and one partial response was observed (1-hour flavopiridol). Conclusions: Docetaxel combined with 72-hour flavopiridol was not feasible because of dose-limiting neutropenia. Dose escalation of a 1-hour infusion of flavopiridol with docetaxel was also not possible. The changes in p53 and phospho-Rb in buccal mucosa suggest that a biological effect with flavopiridol was achieved.
Finding regions of interest in document images by planar HMM

We present a new stochastic approach based on planar hidden Markov models (PHMM) for finding regions of interest (ROI) in document images. The main advantage of the proposed approach is that no explicit rules characterizing the ROIs have to be defined Instead, the PHMM learns to find the ROIs based on training data which show examples of document images together with the ROIs. The method has been tested on the task of finding the legal amount in real check images.
Fibroblast growth factor 14 is an intracellular modulator of voltage‐gated sodium channels

Genetic ablation of the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) 14 gene in mice or a missense mutation in Fgf14 in humans causes ataxia and cognitive deficits. These phenotypes suggest that the neuronally expressed Fgf14 gene is essential for regulating normal neuronal activity. Here, we demonstrate that FGF14 interacts directly with multiple voltage‐gated Na+ (Nav) channel α subunits heterologously expressed in non‐neuronal cells or natively expressed in a murine neuroblastoma cell line. Functional studies reveal that these interactions result in the potent inhibition of Nav channel currents (INa) and in changes in the voltage dependence of channel activation and inactivation. Deletion of the unique amino terminus of the splice variant of Fgf14, Fgf14‐1b, or expression of the splice variant Fgf14‐1a modifies the modulatory effects on INa, suggesting an important role for the amino terminus domain of FGF14 in the regulation of Nav channels. To investigate the function of FGF14 in neurones, we directly expressed Fgf14 in freshly isolated primary rat hippocampal neurones. In these cells, the addition of FGF14‐1a–GFP or FGF14‐1b–GFP increased INa density and shifted the voltage dependence of channel activation and inactivation. In fully differentiated neurones, FGF14‐1a–GFP or FGF14‐1b–GFP preferentially colocalized with endogenous Nav channels at the axonal initial segment, a critical region for action potential generation. Together, these findings implicate FGF14 as a unique modulator of Nav channel activity in the CNS and provide a possible mechanism to explain the neurological phenotypes observed in mice and humans with mutations in Fgf14.
Empirical prediction of optical transitions in metallic armchair SWCNTs

In this work, a quick and effective method to calculate the second and third optical transition energies of metallic armchair single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is presented. In this proposed method, the transition energy of any armchair SWCNT can be predicted directly just by knowing one of its chiral index. The predicted results are compared with recent experimental data and found to be accurate over a wide diameter range. The empirical equation proposed here is also compared with that proposed in earlier works. The proposed way may help the research works or applications where information of optical transitions of armchair metallic nanotubes is needed.
Flow and Particle Deposition Patterns in a Realistic Human Double Bifurcation Airway Model

Velocity profiles, local deposition efficiencies (DE), and deposition patterns of aerosol particles in the first three generations (i.e., double bifurcations) of an airway model have been simulated numerically, in which the airway model was constructed from computed tomography (CT) scan data of real human tracheobronchial airways. Three steady inhalation conditions, 15, 30, and 60 L/min, were simulated and a range of micrometer particle sizes (1–20 μm diameter) were injected into the model. Results were then compared with experimental and other numerical results which had employed either similar model geometry or test conditions. The effects of inhalation conditions on velocity profiles and particle deposition were studied. The data indicated that the local deposition efficiencies in the first bifurcation increased with a rise in the Stokes number (St) within St range from 0.0004 to 0.7. Within the same St range, DE in the second bifurcations (both left and right) was dropped dramatically after St increased to 0.17. Also, the second bifurcation in the right side (B2.1, closer to first bifurcation than left side, B2.2) was found to show a much higher (almost double) DE than the left side. This may be due to the fact that the left main bronchus is longer and has greater angulation than the right main bronchus. Generally, the present simulation using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique obtained concurrent results with subtle differences compared to other works. However, due to omission of larynx in the model, which is known to significantly modify airflow and hence particle deposition, the present model may only serve as the “stepping stone” to simulating and analyzing dose-response or inhalation risk assessment visually for clinical researchers.
Packet level authentication in military networks

Some of the worst problems in heterogeneous military networks are related to security. Several solutions have been proposed to ensure that the network is able to perform its tasks, namely to transport the right packets to the right place at the right time, however, the solutions have typically been tailored to specific protocols or made assumptions that are not realistic. In this paper, we present a generic security solution based on packet level authentication and briefly describe our prototype implementation. The architecture can be used for authentication, access control, firewall applications, denial-of-service prevention, and so on. It also secures all routing protocols.
On Source Routing for Mesh Topology Network on Chip

Deterministic and adaptive distributed routing algorithms have been advocated in all the current NoC architectural proposals. In this paper we make a case for the use of source routing for NoCs, especially for regular topologies like mesh. The advantages of source routing include in-order packet delivery; faster and simpler router design; and possibility of mixing non-minimal paths in a mainly minimal routing. We propose a method to compute paths for various communications in such a way that traffic congestion is avoided while ensuring deadlock free routing. We also propose an efficient scheme to encode the paths.
CD11c depletion severely disrupts Th2 induction and development in vivo

Although dendritic cells (DCs) are adept initiators of CD4+ T cell responses, their fundamental importance in this regard in Th2 settings remains to be demonstrated. We have used CD11c–diphtheria toxin (DTx) receptor mice to deplete CD11c+ cells during the priming stage of the CD4+ Th2 response against the parasitic helminth Schistosoma mansoni. DTx treatment significantly depleted CD11c+ DCs from all tissues tested, with 70–80% efficacy. Even this incomplete depletion resulted in dramatically impaired CD4+ T cell production of Th2 cytokines, altering the balance of the immune response and causing a shift toward IFN-γ production. In contrast, basophil depletion using Mar-1 antibody had no measurable effect on Th2 induction in this system. These data underline the vital role that CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells can play in orchestrating Th2 development against helminth infection in vivo, a response that is ordinarily balanced so as to prevent the potentially damaging production of inflammatory cytokines.
Of Great Vampire Squids and Jamming Blood Funnels: A Socially Constructed and Historically Situated Perspective on Organizational Corruption

In this essay, I propose an eventful way to approach corruption as socially constructed and historically situated. First, I describe how deep (socially constructed) and long (processual, historical) perspectives on corruption have been less examined. Then, I build an approach to understanding organizational corruption as a constructed event embedded in scenario, utilizing concepts from history, cultural studies, and the interactionist tradition in sociology. To offer scholars a way to articulate this eventful conception of organizational corruption and inform how it might be approached through interpretive textual reading and narrative, I draw in an example of a highly publicized accusation of corruption by the financial services firm Goldman Sachs. In closing, I present implications for theory building and research.