Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Decadal upper ocean temperature variability in the tropical Pacific

Decadal variability in upper ocean temperature in the Pacific is studied by using observations and results from model experiments. Especially propagation of upper ocean thermal anomalies from the midlatitudes to the tropics is studied as a possible source for decadal equatorial thermocline variability. In the observations, propagation along the subtropical gyre of the North Pacific is clear. However, no propagation into the equatorial region is found. Model experiments with an ocean model forced with observed monthly wind and wind stress anomalies are performed to study the apparent propagation. Distinct propagation of thermal anomalies in the subtropics is found in the model, although the amplitude of the anomalies is small. The anomalies clearly propagate into the tropics, but they do not reach the equatorial region. The small response at the equator to extratropical variability consists of a change in the mean depth of the thermocline. It appears that most variability in the subtropics and tropics is generated by local wind stress anomalies. The results are discussed by using results from a linear shallow water model in which similar features are found.
Predicting Scheduling Failures in the Cloud: A Case Study with Google Clusters and Hadoop on Amazon EMR

Cloud Computing has emerged as a key technology to deliver and manage computing, platform, and software services over the Internet. Task scheduling algorithms play an important role in the efficiency of cloud computing services as they aim to reduce the turnaround time of tasks and improve resource utilization. Several task scheduling algorithms have been proposed in the literature for cloud computing systems, the majority relying on the computational complexity of tasks and the distribution of resources. However, several tasks scheduled following these algorithms still fail because of unforeseen changes in the cloud environments. In this paper, using tasks execution and resource utilization data extracted from the execution traces of real world applications at Google, we explore the possibility of predicting the scheduling outcome of a task using statistical models. If we can successfully predict tasks failures, we may be able to reduce the execution time of jobs by rescheduling failed tasks earlier (i.e., before their actual failing time). Our results show that statistical models can predict task failures with a precision up to 97.4%, and a recall up to 96.2%. We simulate the potential benefits of such predictions using the tool kit GloudSim and found that they can improve the number of finished tasks by up to 40%. We also perform a case study using the Hadoop framework of Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) and the jobs of a gene expression correlations analysis study from breast cancer research. We find that when extending the scheduler of Hadoop with our predictive models, the percentage of failed jobs can be reduced by up to 45%, with an overhead of less than 5 minutes.
Structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition in a Group of Children with ADHD

Objective: This study used confirmatory factor analysis to examine the factor structure for the 10 core WISC–IV subtests in a group of children (N = 812) with ADHD. Method: The study examined oblique four- and five-factor models, higher order models with one general secondary factor and four and five primary factors, and a bifactor model with a general factor and four specific factors. Results: The findings supported all models tested, with the bifactor model being the optimum model. For this model, only the general factor had high explained common variance and omega hierarchical value, and it predicted reading and arithmetic abilities. Conclusion: The findings favor the use of the FSIQ scores of the WISC-IV, but not the subscale index scores.
The SDVM - an approach for future adaptive computer clusters

The self distributing virtual machine (SDVM) is a parallel computing machine which consists of a cluster of customary computers. The participating machines may have different computing speed or actually different operating systems, and any network topology between them is supported. As the SDVM supports dynamic entry and exit at runtime, the cluster may even grow or shrink without disturbing the program flow. Among other features, the SDVM features decentralized scheduling and automatic distribution of data and program code throughout the cluster. Therefore machines need no prerequisites apart from the SDVM daemon itself to join the cluster. The concept of the SDVM is implemented for the field of computer clusters (extensible to grid computing like the Internet), but it can be designed for multi-processor-systems or systems-on-chip (SoC) as well. This paper presents the properties and the structure of the SDVM.
DomoML-env: an ontology for Human Home Interaction

Household appliances have fast changed in the last decades and achieved an important role in the ordinary home daily activity, e.g. in assisting people during cooking, phone calls, house monitoring, etc. Pervasiveness and interoperability are interesting aspects related to domestic devices. The semantic web is here considered to make an infrastructural support for resource interoperability by providing a domestic environment ontology, called DomoML-env, for human home interactions aiming to connect household appliances each other, to exchange their services and information, and to overcome or extend their individual capabilities. The paper focuses on the development of an extensible ontology in the home automation field, open to the integration of other more specific ontologies.
Synthesis of a Novel Fluorescent Sensor Bearing Dansyl Fluorophores for the Highly Selective Detection of Mercury (II) Ions

A new macromolecule possessing two dansyl moieties and based on 2-[4-(2-aminoethylthio)butylthio]ethanamine was prepared as a fluorescent sensor and its mercury sensing properties toward various transition metal, alkali, and alkali earth ions were investigated. The designed compound exhibited pronounced Hg2+-selective ON-OFF type fluorescence switching upon binding. The new compound provided highly selective sensing to Hg2+ in acetonitrile-water solvent mixtures with a detection limit of 2.49 x 10-7 M or 50 ppb. The molecular modeling results indicated that ions-recognition of the sensor originated from a self assembly process of the reagent and Hg2+ to form a helical wrapping structure with the favorable electrostatic interactions of Hg2+coordinated with sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen atoms and aromatic moieties.
Copulas-based ensemble of Artificial Neural Networks for forecasting real world time series

Time series combined forecasters have been superior to the respective single models in statistical terms. In this way, the linear combination functions, e.g. the simple average (SA) and the minimal variance (MV) approaches, have been the main alternatives for aggregation in the literature. In this work, it is proposed a copulas-based method for combining biased single models. Copulas are multivariate functions that operate on marginal probability distributions, allowing one to model the forecasters errors and then the dependence among them: a typical divide-and-conquer framework that can result in nonlinear accurate combined forecasters. The performance of the copulas-based combination method is assessed by means of a comparison with SA and MV models, based on two financial time series.
Detection of Methylated Septin 9 in Tissue and Plasma of Colorectal Patients with Neoplasia and the Relationship to the Amount of Circulating Cell-Free DNA

Background Determination of methylated Septin 9 (mSEPT9) in plasma has been shown to be a sensitive and specific biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between methylated DNA in plasma and colon tissue of the same subjects has not been reported. Methods Plasma and matching biopsy samples were collected from 24 patients with no evidence of disease (NED), 26 patients with adenoma and 34 patients with CRC. Following bisulfite conversion of DNA a commercial RT-PCR assay was used to determine the total amount of DNA in each sample and the fraction of mSEPT9 DNA. The Septin-9 protein was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results The percent of methylated reference (PMR) values for SEPT9 above a PMR threshold of 1% were detected in 4.2% (1/24) of NED, 100% (26/26) of adenoma and 97.1% (33/34) of CRC tissues. PMR differences between NED vs. adenoma and NED vs. CRC comparisons were significant (p<0.001). In matching plasma samples using a PMR cut-off level of 0.01%, SEPT9 methylation was 8.3% (2/24) of NED, 30.8% (8/26) of adenoma and 88.2% (30/34) of CRC. Significant PMR differences were observed between NED vs. CRC (p<0.01) and adenoma vs. CRC (p<0.01). Significant differences (p<0.01) were found in the amount of cfDNA (circulating cell-free DNA) between NED and CRC, and a modest correlation was observed between mSEPT9 concentration and cfDNA of cancer (R2 = 0.48). The level of Septin-9 protein in tissues was inversely correlated to mSEPT9 levels with abundant expression in normals, and diminished expression in adenomas and tumors. Conclusions Methylated SEPT9 was detected in all tissue samples. In plasma samples, elevated mSEPT9 values were detected in CRC, but not in adenomas. Tissue levels of mSEPT9 alone are not sufficient to predict mSEPT9 levels in plasma. Additional parameters including the amount of cfDNA in plasma appear to also play a role.
Gift-giver’s attachment styles and the experience of emotions

This paper discusses the use and value of attachment theory to illuminate dyadic gift-giving behaviour in close relationships. Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1969), explains the tendency of humans to create strong emotional bonds with significant others and it is one of the most used theoretical frameworks influencing research in close relationships (Fraley et al., 2011). This perspective provides solid theoretical foundations to link close relationships and gift-giving behaviour. Individuals with particular attachment styles are predisposed to think, feel and behave differently in their relationships (Collins, 1996). Drawing on this theory, a model is presented to elucidate whether gift givers with some attachment styles are more prone than others to experience particular emotions when giving or to perceive gift-receiver’s responses differently. Using gift-giving diaries written by fourteen gift-givers, this paper discusses the most frequently mentioned positive emotions both that the gift-giver's experience when giving a gift and that they perceive the receiver as experiencing. It also discusses the underlying reasons for these emotions for gift-givers with different attachment styles. Practitioners might benefit from considering attachment orientations to better understand their consumers and the gift-giving process (Nguyen&Munch, 2011). This paper sets a basis for debate and lays the foundations for future empirical research.
Rachunkowość zarządcza w zarządzaniu łańcuchem dostaw w świetle wyników badań literaturowych i ankietowych

Management accounting in supply chain management – literature review and survey results The concept of supply chain management has been evolving at a rapid pace in economic practice as well as in scientific research, mainly in the field of logistics and supply chains. It also constitutes a reference point for researchers specializing in accounting, especially in management accounting. As a result, in recent years there has been an increasing number of publications on this research in the world, including in Poland. So far, however, there is a lack of publications that would present comprehensively the aspects of management accounting in the context of supply chain management. Therefore, this article has the following research objective: identification of the degree of development of management accounting, in research and practice, for the purposes of supply chain management. As research methods were used: review of the content of scientific articles and surveys conducted among companies in Poland. The results of survey study and literature review revealed that the most frequently addressed issues in business and in theory include cost management and performance measurement using financial indicators. In the case of other issues addressed in the publications there are discrepancies between theory and business practice. In effect, this means the need to improve the communication and integration of these two dimensions in the context of implementation of management accounting tools and methods for supply chain management support. The results presented in the article could be the basis for further, in-depth research in this area.
Degrees-of-freedom of the K-user MISO interference channel with delayed local CSIT

This paper considers a K-user Multiple-Input-Single-Output (MISO) Interference Channel (IC), where the channel state information obtained by the transmitters (CSIT) is perfect, but completely outdated. A Retrospective Interference Alignment (RIA) using such delayed CSIT was proposed by Maddah-Ali et. al for the MISO Broadcast Channel (BC), but the extension to the MISO IC is a non-trivial step as each transmitter only has the message intended for the corresponding user. Recently, Abdoli et.al focused on a Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) IC and solved such bottleneck by inventing a distributed higher order symbol generation. Our main work is to extend Abdoli's work to the MISO case by integrating some features of Maddah-Ali's scheme. The achieved sum Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) performance is asymptotically given by 64/15 when K→∞, outperforming all the previously known results.
Preventing Layer-3 wormhole attacks in ad-hoc networks with multipath DSR

Wormhole attacks in ad-hoc networks have been attracting much attention over the years. They consist in two malicious nodes tunneling traffic from one end of the network to the other. Several approaches are proposed to detect these attacks but only few solutions exploit the information provided by multipath routing schemes. A new approach detecting wormhole attacks is presented in this paper. The Witness Integration Multipath protocol is based on the multipath DSR routing protocol and finds suspicious behaviour related to wormhole attacks. It does not require any major protocol modification nor as much cryptographic processing as the previous solutions.
Long-Run PPP Under the Presence of Near-to-Unit Roots: The Case of the British Pound-US Dollar Rate

Empirical tests typically provide evidence that the British pound-US dollar exchange rate and the relative wholesale price index contain exact unit roots and exhibit cointegration. However, the cointegrating vector is significantly different from [1, - 1], thus raising doubts on the validity of the purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis. Following Elliott (1998 ), we show that if the exchange rate and relative price series contain near-to-unit roots in the context of a bivariate system, then any inference on the "cointegrating" vector and consequently on PPP, which is based on standard cointegration estimation methods, will be misleading. We then argue that the existing evidence against the PPP hypothesis in the British pound-US dollar market can be attributed to the finite sample bias of the standard cointegration estimators, arising from an endogenous and "nearly" nonstationary regressor. We also show that when robust procedures are employed the evidence favors the PPP hypothesis. Copyright © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009.
Urdu Morphology, Orthography and Lexicon Extraction

Urdu is a challenging language because of, first, its Perso-Arabic script and second, its morphological system having inherent grammatical forms and vocabulary of Arabic, Persian and the native languages of South Asia. This paper describes an implementation of the Urdu language as a software API, and we deal with orthography, morphology and the extraction of the lexicon. The morphology is implemented in a toolkit called Functional Morphology (Forsberg & Ranta, 2004), which is based on the idea of dealing grammars as software libraries. Therefore this implementation could be reused in applications such as intelligent search of keywords, language training and infrastructure for syntax. We also present an implementation of a small part of Urdu syntax to demonstrate this reusability.
Accomplishments in genome‐scale in silico modeling for industrial and medical biotechnology

Driven by advancements in high‐throughput biological technologies and the growing number of sequenced genomes, the construction of in silico models at the genome scale has provided powerful tools to investigate a vast array of biological systems and applications. Here, we review comprehensively the uses of such models in industrial and medical biotechnology, including biofuel generation, food production, and drug development. While the use of in silico models is still in its early stages for delivering to industry, significant initial successes have been achieved. For the cases presented here, genome‐scale models predict engineering strategies to enhance properties of interest in an organism or to inhibit harmful mechanisms of pathogens. Going forward, genome‐scale in silico models promise to extend their application and analysis scope to become a transformative tool in biotechnology.
Pareto optimal reconfiguration of power distribution systems with load uncertainty and recloser placement simultaneously using a genetic algorithm based on NSGA-II

Reconfiguration, by exchanging the functional links between the elements of the system, represents one of the most important measures which can improve the operational performance of a distribution system. Besides, reclosers use to eliminate transient faults, faults isolation, network management and enhance reliability to reduce customer outages. For load uncertainty a new method based on probabilistic interval arithmetic approach is used to incorporate uncertainty in load demand that can forecast reasonably accurate operational conditions of radial system distribution (RDS) with better computational efficiency. In this paper, the optimization process is performed by considering power loss reduction along with reliability index as objective functions. Simulation results on radial 33 buses test system indicates that simultaneous optimization of these two issues has significant impact on system performance.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN Mussweiler / FOCUS OF SOCIAL COMPARISON Focus of Comparison as a Determinant of Assimilation Versus Contrast in Social Comparison

Previous research on self-other similarity judgments has demonstrated that perceived similarity between self and other depends on the focus of comparison. Based on the Selective Accessibility model, which assumes that comparisons with similar others yield assimilation, whereas comparisons with dissimilar others yield contrast, the author hypothesized that the focus of a social comparison would influence its consequences. Specifically, comparing the standard to the self (focus of comparison other → self) should increase perceived similarity so that self-evaluations are assimilated to the standard. Comparing the self to the standard (focus of comparison self → other), however, should reduce perceived similarity so that contrast ensues. This pattern was obtained in two studies. Moreover, Study 2 demonstrates that the occurrence of assimilation versus contrast as a consequence of manipulating the focus of comparison is mediated by the perceived similarity to the standard.
Incidence and virulence characteristics of Aeromonas spp. in fish

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Aeromonas spp. in raw and ready-to-eat (RTE) fish commonly consumed in Assiut city, Egypt, and to determine virulence factors due to they play a key role in their pathogenicity. Materials and Methods: A total of 125 samples of raw and RTE fish samples were taken from different fish markets and fish restaurants in Assiut Governorate and screened for the presence of Aeromonas spp. by enrichment on tryptic soy broth then incubated at 30°C for 24 h. Plating unto the sterile Petri dishes containing Aeromonas agar base to which Aeromonas selective supplement was added. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Presumptive Aeromonas colonies were biochemically confirmed and analyzed for pathogenicity by hemolysin production, protease, and lipase detection. Results: The results indicated that raw fish were contaminated with Aeromonas spp. (40% in wild and 36% in cultured Nile tilapia). Regarding RTE, Aeromonas spp. could be isolated with the percentage of 16%, 28% and 20% in fried Bolti, grilled Bolti and fried Bayad, respectively. Out of 35 isolates obtained, 22 were categorized as Aeromonas hydrophila, 12 were classified as Aeromonas sobria and Aeromonas caviae were found in only one isolate. The virulence factors of Aeromonas spp. were detected and the results showed that all isolates produced of hemolysin (91.4%), protease (77.1%), and lipase enzyme (17.1%). Conclusion: This study indicates that the presence of A. hydrophila with virulence potential in fresh and RTE fish may be a major threat to public health.
Vacuum states in 2D tachyon effective action

In this paper we will study ground states of the toy model of 2D closed string tachyon effective action. We will firstly construct the classical solutions of the tachyon effective action that do not induce backreaction on metric and dilaton. Then we will study the quantum mechanics of the zero mode of the tachyon field. We will find family of vacuum states that are labeled with single parameter. We will also perform the quantum mechanical analysis of the tachyon effective action when we take into account dynamics of nonzero modes. We will calculate the vacuum expectation values of components of the stress energy tensor and dilaton source and we will argue that there is not any backreaction on metric and dilaton.
Charge-transfer electrostatic model of compositional order in perovskite alloys

We introduce an electrostatic model including charge transfer that is shown to account for the observed B-site ordering in Pb-based perovskite alloys. The model allows charge transfer between A sites and is a generalization of Bellaiche and Vanderbilt's [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 1318 (1998)] purely electrostatic model. The large covalency of ${\mathrm{Pb}}^{2+}$ compared to ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}$ is modeled by an environment-dependent effective A-site charge. Monte Carlo simulations of this model successfully reproduce the long-range compositional order of both Pb- and Ba-based complex ${A(BB}^{\ensuremath{'}}{B}^{\ensuremath{''}}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ perovskite alloys. The models are also extended to study systems with A- and B-site doping, such as $({\mathrm{Na}}_{1/2}{\mathrm{La}}_{1/2})({\mathrm{Mg}}_{1/3}{\mathrm{Ta}}_{2/3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}, ({\mathrm{Ba}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{La}}_{x})({\mathrm{Mg}}_{(1+x)/3}{\mathrm{Nb}}_{(2\ensuremath{-}x)/3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3},$ and $({\mathrm{Pb}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{La}}_{x})({\mathrm{Mg}}_{(1+x)/3}{\mathrm{Ta}}_{(2\ensuremath{-}x)/3}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}. $ General trends are reproduced by purely electrostatic interactions, and charge-transfer effects indicate that local structural relaxations can tip the balance between different B-site orderings in Pb-based materials.