Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abiotic stress responses in plant roots: a proteomics perspective

Abiotic stress conditions adversely affect plant growth, resulting in significant decline in crop productivity. To mitigate and recover from the damaging effects of such adverse environmental conditions, plants have evolved various adaptive strategies at cellular and metabolic levels. Most of these strategies involve dynamic changes in protein abundance that can be best explored through proteomics. This review summarizes comparative proteomic studies conducted with roots of various plant species subjected to different abiotic stresses especially drought, salinity, flood, and cold. The main purpose of this article is to highlight and classify the protein level changes in abiotic stress response pathways specifically in plant roots. Shared as well as stressor-specific proteome signatures and adaptive mechanism(s) are simultaneously described. Such a comprehensive account will facilitate the design of genetic engineering strategies that enable the development of broad-spectrum abiotic stress-tolerant crops.
A Methodology Using Neural Network to Cluster Validity Discovered from a Marketing Database

The databases of real world contains a huge volume of data and among them there are hidden piles of interesting relations that are actually very hard to find out. The knowledge discovery databases (KDD) appear as a possible solution to find out such relations aiming at converting information into knowledge. However, not a data presented in the bases are useful to a KDD. Usually, data are processed before being presented to a KDD aiming at reducing the amount of data and also at selecting more relevant data to be used by the system. The purpose of this paper is to describe a validation methodology, through of a MLP neural network, to the knowledge discovered by a hybrid architecture composed by rough sets theory used to pre-processing the data to be presented to self-organizing maps neural network, which data cluster.
A review: influence of nano particles reinforced on solder alloy

Purpose – Recently nanoparticles reinforced lead free solders are vastly developed in electronics packaging industry. Studies and investigations have been conducted to learn and investigate the types, properties, method, availability and importance of nanoparticles in this field.Design/methodology/approach – Mechanical properties, melting temperature and microstructural conditions are taken into major considerations in any of the preparation on nanoparticles and being reviewed in this paper. Segregation of the types of nanoparticles being added together with their properties is summarized in this paper. High temperature reliability is crucial in providing a good viable solder and hence addition of nanoparticles have been seen to give a positive outcome in this particular property.Findings – This paper reviews on the beneficial of the various nanoparticles addition in the solder. Briefed explanations and the factors are revealed in this review.Originality/value – This paper reviews on the beneficial of the.
Comparison of Fluorometric Detection Methods for Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Abstract In this study, we compared the sensitivity of two different detection methods for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Various amounts of a 75 mer single‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragment, which can be used as a DNA label for the immuno‐PCR (iPCR) assays, were amplified by PCR. The amount of amplified DNA fragments was determined by the fluorescence (FL) of SYBR(R) Green dye that specifically interacts with double‐stranded DNA fragments. In the first selected detection method, real‐time PCR, FL measurements were carried out at each thermal cycle, as the DNA was being amplified by PCR. This was achieved using the Applied Biosystems (ABI) Prism 7000 Sequence Detection System and its standard protocol. In the second detection method, referred to as end‐point detection, after the PCR amplification was completed, off‐line FL measurements were subsequently carried out using a conventional plate reader. In order to achieve the lowest limit of detection (LOD) from the off‐line measurement, we have optimized a wide variety of parameters. Our data have indicated the LOD of real‐time PCR method was approximately three orders of magnitude lower than the end‐point measurement method, with a linear range spanning six orders of magnitude; 10 fmol to 10 zmol of PCR template. The lower LOD of the real‐time PCR method could be partly due to the ability to maximize the number of thermal cycles that could be carried out in PCR, without increasing the nonspecific amplification of any contaminating DNA. The results of this study can be applied to the development of ultra‐sensitive iPCR assays for various disease markers. 1These authors contributed equally to this project.
'Fat people and bombs':HPA axis cognition, structured stress, and the US obesity epidemic

We examine the accelerating 'obesity epidemic' in the US from the perspective of recently developed theory relating a cognitive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis to an embedding 'language' of structured psychosocial stress. Using a Rate Distortion argument, the obesity epidemic is found to represent the literal writing of an image of a ratcheting pathological social hierarchy onto the bodies of American adults and children. This process, while stratified by the usual divisions of class and ethnicity, is nonetheless relentlessly engulfing even affluent majority populations. Our perspective places the common explanation that 'obesity occurs when people eat too much and get too little exercise' in the same category as the remark by US President Calvin Coolidge on the eve of the Great Depression that 'unemployment occurs when large numbers of people are out of work'. Both statements ignore profound structural determinants of great population suffering which must be addressed by collective actions of equally great reform.
Hot Rolling of Light Gauge Steel Strip

Production of hot rolled thin gauge steel strip in a compact six-stand mill was studied by means of mathematical modelling and on site measurements. Data obtained during processing low carbon steel strip ranging from 1.06 to 2.68 mm in final outgoing thickness included speeds, reductions and separation forces at each of the six stands. The mean flow stress during rolling was calculated from the rolling loads, assuming adhesive conditions within the roll-gap, and by means of a mathematical model that accounts for strain hardening and the occurrence of various dynamic restoration phenomena during deformation. It was found that the values of the mean flow stress values, independently of the way they were obtained, varied as a function of both, strain rate and temperature, being possible to derive a unique formulation to describe their behaviour.
Test target for characterizing 3D resolution of optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive 3D imaging technology which has been applied or investigated in many diagnostic fields including ophthalmology, dermatology, dentistry, cardiovasology, endoscopy, brain imaging and so on. Optical resolution is an important characteristic that can describe the quality and utility of an image acquiring system. We employ 3D printing technology to design and fabricate a test target for characterizing 3D resolution of optical coherence tomography. The test target which mimics USAF 1951 test chart was produced with photopolymer. By measuring the 3D test target, axial resolution as well as lateral resolution of a spectral domain OCT system was evaluated. For comparison, conventional microscope and surface profiler were employed to characterize the 3D test targets. The results demonstrate that the 3D resolution test targets have the potential of qualitatively and quantitatively validating the performance of OCT systems.
Analyzing the effect of an integrate and fire encoder and decoder in feedback

The human motor system has often been studied as a feedback control problem, but the integration of binary neuronal encoding in these formulations has been largely overlooked. Neuronal encoding has, however, been studied in open loop, with efforts directed towards the perfect reconstruction of the encoded signal, which requires an infinite number of spikes. Here, we study a dynamic neuronal encoding model in the finite time setting and i) provide explicit conditions for the well-posedness and stability of the encoder embedded in a feedback loop, and ii) develop a method for the reconstruction of the reference signal if we have access to a finite number of spikes as samples of the error signal in closed loop. Moreover, we show that if the reference signal is bandlimited and in the polynomially weighted L2 space, then it can be approximately reconstructed with an error that decreases polynomially in T when we have access to all the spikes in [-T, T].
Isolated Central Hypothyroidism in Young Siblings as a Manifestation of PROP1 Deficiency: Clinical Impact of Whole Exome Sequencing

Background/Aims: Central hypothyroidism (CH) in children is rare and may be due to a variety of genetic defects. Most of these defects, but not all, are associated with additional pituitary hormone deficits. In a young child presenting with CH, it is important to determine whether additional pituitary hormone deficiencies are present, but this may be difficult to establish clinically. Methods: We describe the clinical characteristics of two young siblings, aged 6 months and 2 years, presenting with isolated CH. Whole exome sequencing was performed to determine the genetic basis of isolated CH. Results: A homozygous frameshift mutation of PROP1 (296delGA) was identified in both probands. Defects in PROP1 cause progressive deficiency of multiple pituitary hormones. Based on this genetic diagnosis, further clinical testing was performed that demonstrated growth hormone deficiency in one sibling. Conclusions: PROP1 deficiency may present as isolated CH at a very young age. In disorders with multiple potential causative genes, whole exome sequencing may facilitate rapid genetic diagnosis and lead to important changes in clinical management.
Outdoor Natural Science Learning with an RFID-Supported Immersive Ubiquitous Learning Environment

Despite their successful use in many conscientious studies involving outdoor learning applications, mobile learning systems still have certain limitations. For instance, because students cannot obtain real-time, contextaware content in outdoor locations such as historical sites, endangered animal habitats, and geological landscapes, they are unable to search, collect, share, and edit information by using information technology. To address such concerns, this work proposes an environment of ubiquitous learning with educational resources (EULER) based on radio frequency identification (RFID), augmented reality (AR), the Internet, ubiquitous computing, embedded systems, and database technologies. EULER helps teachers deliver lessons on site and cultivate student competency in adopting information technology to improve learning. To evaluate its effectiveness, we used the proposed EULER for natural science learning at the Guandu Nature Park in Taiwan. The participants were elementary school teachers and students. The analytical results revealed that the proposed EULER improves student learning. Moreover, the largely positive feedback from a post-study survey confirms the effectiveness of EULER in supporting outdoor learning and its ability to attract the interest of students.
Identification of a cerulenin resistance gene from Monascus pilosus

Detoxification is essential for the fungal growth in the drug stress environments, and the multidrug transporters play an important role in this process. Here a cerulenin transporter gene (MpMdt, AB206476) was identified from Monascus pilosus. MpMdt mRNA contains 1951 bp and encodes a protein of 559 amino acid residues with 11 trans-membrane domains; and there is no difference in the sequence of MpMdt mRNA between the wild type M. pilosus IFO4520 and its cerulenin resistant mutant MK-1. Up-expression of MpMdt renders the cerulenin resistance of the mutant MK-1. Over-expression of MpMdt could also increase the cerulenin tolerance in the transgenic M. pilosus IFO4520. These results suggested that MpMdt is able to efflux-transport the anti-fungal antibiotic cerulenin and increase the cerulenin resistance of M. pilosus.
Does there exist an anomalous sound dispersion in supercooled water?

The acoustic sound velocity of water in the supercooled regime shows peculiar behaviour. According to the available data, the sound velocity displays complex behaviour below −15°C, where anomalous frequency dispersion phenomena seem to appear and need to be understood. In particular, lower-frequency data at a few tens of KHz show levelling-off of the sound velocity value below −25°C, with a possible minimum around −30°C. Other data at higher frequencies, around 1 GHz, in comparison with the low-frequency data, could instead suggest the existence of a ‘negative dispersion’; yet other high-frequency data show normal dispersion behaviour. To gain new insight into this topic, we made measurements of the acoustic sound velocity in bulk water in the liquid and supercooled phase down to −29°C by means of a heterodyne detected transient grating (TG) experiment at an unexplored frequency value around 100 MHz.
Supervised methods for domain classification of tamil documents

The Era of digitization induces the need of domainclassification in both the on-line and off-line applications. The necessity of automatic text classification arises for utilizing it in diverse fields. Hence various methodologies like Machine Learningalgorithms were proposed to do the same. Here automatic document classification of Tamil documents have been proposed by considering the exponential growth of Tamil text documents in the form of unstructured data available as News, Encyclopedias, E-books, E-Governance, Social Media and much more. Max-Ent, CRF and SVM algorithms are used here to achieve more than 90 percentage average accuracy in both the sentence and document level classification of Tamil text documents. In this work Dinakarannewspaper dataset from EMILLE/CIIL Corpus has been utilized to experiment the ability of Machine Learning algorithms in Tamil domain classification.
Vibration analysis and design optimization of sandwich cylindrical panels fully and partially treated with electrorheological fluid materials

Compared with viscoelastic materials, electrorheological fluids can be effectively used to suppress the vibration over a broad frequency and temperature range. In this study, vibration analysis and damping characteristics of sandwich cylindrical panel structures using semiactive electrorheological fluid treatments have been investigated for different boundary conditions. Unconstrained viscoelastic material has been used at boundary and untreated locations to seal electrorheological fluids. First, an efficient finite element method has been formulated to investigate the effect of electric field intensity and thickness of top constrained elastic layer on the vibration and damping performance of the viscoelastic- and electrorheological-based sandwich cylindrical panel. Then, a design optimization methodology has been developed to simultaneously optimize the number of unconstrained viscoelastic and constrained electrorheological fluid patches and their distributions, thickness ratios of the electrorheological core and constrained elastic layers to base layers, and the external electric field intensity. The methodology integrates the finite element model of the sandwich panel with the combined genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming to effectively identify the global optimal solutions. The results show that for some boundary conditions, the sandwich panel partially treated with electrorheological fluids provides better damping performance compared with that of fully treated.
On-chip charge-pump with continuous frequency regulation for precision high-voltage generation

Closed-loop operation of charge-pumps is often taken advantage of in order to improve efficiency and to reduce the charge-pump output impedance and heavy sensitivity to supply and process variations. A fully integrated charge-pump, which utilizes continuous frequency control for the closed-loop operation, is presented in this paper. This means of control allows the charge-pump clock to settle to correct frequency according to current load while maintaining 50 % duty ratio of the clock. The final high-voltage signal is generated by using a closed-loop amplifier, for which the pump creates the supply, and which then amplifies the desired low-voltage signal to correct level. The implemented pump with the regulator has an active chip area of 0.14 mm2 and creates a nominal output of 10 V with 29 µA load current and 2.5 V minimum supply.
Effects of Temperature on the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae)

ABSTRACT The demographics of Bradysia odoriphaga were examined with an age-stage, two-sex life table that was developed at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under controlled conditions. The intrinsic rate of increase and mean generation time were 0.0574 and 48.08 d at 15°C, 0.1175 and 30.09 d at 20°C, 0.1369 and 26.31 d at 25°C, and 0.1247 and 26.55 d at 30°C, respectively. The gross reproductive rate (GRR), the net reproductive rate (R0), and the pre-adult survivorship (la) were consistent with the relationship R0<la×GRR<GRR. Development was slower at 15°C than at the other temperatures. The mean duration of the total pre-adult stages was 38.01, 27.62, 23.74, and 24.10 d at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C, respectively. The highest values for the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and fecundity (0.1369 d-1, 1.147 d-1, and 50.53 eggs, respectively) and the shortest mean generation time were at 25°C. Still, B. odoriphaga was able to develop, survive, and reproduce across the entire temperature range (15–30°C). This study provides insight into the temperature-dependent phenology of B. odoriphaga and will contribute to the modeling of its population dynamics and to its management in the field.
Nanoindentation of orthodontic archwires: variation of elastic modulus and hardness within a stainless steel wire

Elastic modulus is one of the critical factors in determining the clinical performance of orthodontic archwires. Hardness is of secondary importance and relates to wire movement and strength. Most techniques which measure mechanical properties require large sections of wire and provide mean values. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation was used to investigate the elastic modulus and hardness of a stainless steel archwire at high spatial resolution. Elastic modulus varied by up to ±17% (p < 0.001) and hardness varied by up to ±22% (p < 0.001), from the mean values. The elastic modulus was slightly higher near the ends than close to the mid-line, but there was apparently random variation superimposed on this trend. Hardness varied apparently randomly throughout the wire. This may partially explain why orthodontic tooth movement is frequently unpredictable.
Assessment of proximity of impacted mandibular third molar roots to the mandibular canal using intra oral periapical radiography and cone-beam computerized tomography: A comparative study

Objective: To assess the reliability of fi ve intra oral periapical radiography (IOPAR) radiographic signs, and to compare the reliability of IOPAR with that of cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) for determining the proximity of impacted mandibular third molar and mandibular canal. Methods: The present study consisted of 50 subjects, in age group of 18-30 years with impacted mandibular third molar visiting the department, Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru. Relationship of impacted mandibular third molar with the mandibular canal was assessed using IOPAR signs and CBCT fi ndings. The 5 radiographic signs i.e. darkening of roots, diversion of canal, narrowing of canal, presence of cortication, and interruption of white line seen on IOPAR, were correlated for the proximity and involvement with CBCT fi ndings for the same. Results: In this study only 4% (2) subjects showed absence of corticalization on CBCT compared to diff erent radiographic (IOPAR) signs in all subjects. Among these two subjects diagnosed with an absence of corticalization, 50% (1) presented with a radiographic sign of darkening of roots and both i.e. 100% (2) presented interruption of white lines on IOPAR the mean and SD values of distance from mandibular third molar root to mandibular canal were 2.25 and 1.48 respectively in CBCT. Conclusion: This study showed the poor reliability of radiographic signs of IOPAR predicting the proximity of mandibular third molar root with mandibular canal related to CBCT fi nding. This creates the controversy and questions regarding the radiographic signs of IOPAR reliability with CBCT fi ndings that was found far more precise and accurate as per for future prospects.
Quantum gates transform optimization algorithm for quantum computer modeling

Today quantum computer modeling thematic attracts many scientists as it is difficult to examine theoretically synthesized quantum algorithms. The main problem is whether a newly created algorithm would have an efficient implementation on the quantum computer or not. Mathematical core of quantum computations is quite discovered and allows quantum computer workflow simulation using classical computers. However simulating the workflow without optimizations causes performance decrease even for modeling of small quantum systems consisted of less than ten qubits. One of the methods for molding performance improvement is using quantum gates transform optimization algorithm. The algorithm uses heuristic optimizations to achieve better performance result. In this work flowcharts of optimization algorithm presented describing single qubit quantum gate transform and controlled gate transform. The results comparison of the classical mathematical approach for quantum computer simulation and using optimization algorithm shows that there is a significant performance improvement using quantum gates transform optimization algorithm.
Reliability of Isometric Knee Extension Muscle Strength Measurements of Healthy Elderly Subjects Made with a Hand-held Dynamometer and a Belt

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of three isometric knee extension strength measurements (IKE) made with a hand-held dynamometer (HHD) and a belt of healthy elderly living in the community as subjects. [Subjects] The subject cohort consisted of 186 healthy elderly people, aged 65 to 79 years, living in local communities. [Methods] IKE of the leg subjects used to kick a ball was measured. IKE of each subject was measured three times using an HHD-belt at intervals of 30 seconds. The reliability of the larger of the first two measurements (LV2) as well as the third measurement (3V) was investigated. [Results] The intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC (1, 1)] for LV2 and 3V were 0.955. Bland-Altman analysis showed a fixed bias, and the limits of agreement ranged from −5.6 to 4.6. [Conclusion] The ICC results show that the test-retest reproducibility of IKE measurements of healthy elderly subjects using an HHD-belt is high. However, Bland-Altman analysis showed a fixed bias, suggesting the need for three measurements.