Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards an Automatic Method for API Association Extraction for PE-Malware Categorization

Behavior-based malware detection techniques remain one of the most efficient protections against malicious programs. Such techniques are based on constructing models representing malicious and legitimate behaviors by analyzing the set of APIs (Application Programming Interface) called by a program. Most of the existing behavior-based methods that provide a multiclass categorization of malware manually generate the models for each malware category. Due to the large number of existing malware types such techniques can be compute intensive and resource consuming. In this paper, we propose a new method based on the MCA (Multiple Correspondence Analysis) for identifying the set of most likely used APIs by PE (Portable Executable) malware. Our method will provide a clustering of likely used APIs according to different malware types.
Detection of the t(2;13)(q35;q14) and PAX3‐FKHR fusion in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Cytogenetic studies of the pediatric solid tumor alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma have demonstrated the presence of a consistent chromosomal translocation, t(2;13)(q35;q14). We recently identified PAX3 and FKHR as the genes on chromosomes 2 and 13, respectively, that are juxtaposed by this translocation. As one means of detecting the t(2;13) translocation in clinical specimens, we have developed a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay that may be used for both interphase and metaphase cells. Translocation of the 5′ region of the FKHR gene to the derivative chromosome 2, and retention of the 3′ region of FKHR on the derivative chromosome 13 [(der(13)], were demonstrated in metaphase cells from a rhabdomyosarcoma cell line with a previously identified t(2;13) translocation. A 5′ PAX3 cosmid probe was shown to localize to 2q35 in normal cells, and to translocate to the der(13) in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line. In order to detect the der(13) in interphase nuclei, we labeled the 3′FKHR and the 5′PAX3 cosmid probes with digoxigenin and biotin, respectively, and used these in a two‐color FISH assay. The presence of the der(13) was visualized as juxtaposed or overlapping red and green signals in metaphase and interphase tumor cells. The PAX3‐FKHR FISH assay was then applied to a series of cytogenetically characterized pediatric sarcoma cell lines. The presence of the der(13) was demonstrated by FISH in all cases containing a cytogenetically detectable t(2;13). The FISH assay was then applied to a series of 20 embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma samples. All 10 of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma specimens demonstrated a der(13) with the FISH assay. We did not detect a PAX3‐FKHR fusion in 10 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cases. Thus, the two‐color FISH assay is a sensitive and rapid means of identifying the t(2;13) in rhabdomyosarcoma specimens, and it will be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of pediatric small round cell tumors. The cosmid probes for the 5′ and 3′ regions of FKHR, as well as the probe for PAX3, will be useful for molecular cytogenetic studies of variant translocations in rhabdomyosarcoma, such as the t(1;13)(p36;q14).
Detecting Insufficient Access Control in Web Applications

Web applications have become a de facto standard for delivering services on the internet. Often they contain sensitive data and provide functionality which should be protected from unauthorized access. Explicit access control policies can be leveraged for validating the access control, but, unfortunately, these policies are rarely defined in case of web applications. Previous research shows that access control flaws in web applications may be revealed with black-box analysis, but the existing ``differential analysis'' approach has certain limitations. We believe that taking the state of the web application into account could help to overcome the limitations of exiting approach. In this paper we propose a novel approach to black-box web application testing, which utilizes a use-case graph. The graph contains classes of actions within the web application and their dependencies. By traversing the graph and applying differential analysis at each step of the traversal, we were able to improve the accuracy of the method. The proposed method was implemented in the proof-of-concept tool AcCoRuTe. Evaluation on several real-world web applications demostrates better results in comparison to simple differential analysis.
An approach to building language-independent text-to-speech synthesis for Indian languages

A popular speech synthesis method is the HMM based speech synthesis method. Given the phone set and question set for a language, HMM based synthesis systems are built. Although robotic in quality the systems are intelligible. In this paper, we propose a common framework for Indian languages with a common phone set and a common question set. Owing to this architecture it is possible to borrow independent monophone models across languages. Degradation MOS and word error rate scores are comparable to systems built in the conventional language-specific manner, indicating that system building can be made language-independent without much degradation in the quality of synthesised speech.
High efficacy of docetaxel with and without androgen deprivation and estramustine in preclinical models of advanced prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND To assess the activity of docetaxel in combination with hormonal therapy in preclinical models of prostate cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Since prostate cancer has a predilection for the bone, we assessed the antitumor activity of docetaxel in in vivo models of both bone metastasis and localized prostate cancer, using MDA PCa 2b and PC3 cells in SCID mice. RESULTS Dramatic antitumor efficacy was observed regardless of whether the tumor cells were implanted in the prostate or in the bone. Antitumor activity was also evident in both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions. Reasoning that docetaxel efficacy might be enhanced if it were to be used earlier in the course of the disease, we studied the sequence of docetaxel and androgen ablation (part of standard treatment for early-stage prostate cancer) in the MDA PCa 2b xenograft model. The activity was similar whether docetaxel and androgen ablation were used alone, simultaneously, or in sequence, indicating a lack of synergism or antagonism. Finally, we studied the combination of docetaxel and estramustine on androgen-sensitive and androgen-independent cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Estramustine did not increase the activity of docetaxel in these models. CONCLUSION These results provide a strong preclinical rationale for the clinical development of docetaxel for the treatment of both locally advanced and disseminated prostate cancer.
Predicting intention to attend and actual attendance at a universal parent-training programme: A comparison of social cognition models

The predictive validity of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) were examined in relation to ‘intention to attend’ and ‘actual attendance’ at a universal parent-training intervention for parents of children with behavioural difficulties. A validation and reliability study was conducted to develop two questionnaires (N = 108 parents of children aged 4—7). These questionnaires were then used to investigate the predictive validity of the two models in relation to ‘intention to attend’ and ‘actual attendance’ at a parent-training intervention ( N = 53 parents of children aged 4—7). Both models significantly predicted ‘intention to attend a parent-training group’; however, the TPB accounted for more variance in the outcome variable compared to the HBM. Preliminary investigations highlighted that attendees were more likely to intend to attend the groups, have positive attitudes towards the groups, perceive important others as having positive attitudes towards the groups, and report elevated child problem behaviour scores. These findings provide useful information regarding the belief-based factors that affect attendance at universal parent-training groups. Possible interventions aimed at increasing ‘intention to attend’ and ‘actual attendance’ at parent-training groups are discussed.
Collaborative classification for daily activity recognition with a smartwatch

Research of daily activity recognition has been extensively conducted in the field of ubiquitous computing. However, previous daily activity recognition schemes are either obtrusive or inaccurate since they use just special-purpose devices. In this paper, we propose the collaborative classification for recognizing daily activities with a smartwatch. We exploit a single off-the-shelf smartwatch to distinguish 5 different daily activities such as eating, vacuuming, sleeping, showering, and TV watching. More precisely, we conduct experiments for collecting sensor data from accelerometer and acoustic sensor which are embedded in a smartwatch. However, the simple combination of the raw acceleration and acoustic data does not deliver accurate recognition accuracy. In order to achieve high accuracy, we propose a collaborative classification algorithm which integrates sensor data and ground-truth label for improving recognition accuracy by constructing a mapping table. We evaluate accuracies using single-sensor based approach, multi-sensor based approach, and our collaborative classification approach. The results from activity recognition for about 20 hours data collected by subjects show reliable accuracies for all 5 activities, and the overall accuracy of our collaborative approach is about 91.5%. Experimental results reveal that our approach improves the recall rate of each activity by up to 21.5% as compared to that of the simply combined multi-sensor based approach.
A Contrast Function and Algorithm for Blind Separation of Audio Signals

This paper presents a contrast function and associated algorithm for blind separation of audio signals. The contrast function is based on second-order statistics to minimize the ratio between the product of the diagonal entries and the determinant of the covariance matrix. The contrast function can be minimized by a batch and adaptive gradient descent method to formulate a blind source separation algorithm. Experimental results on realistic audio signals show that the proposed algorithm yielded comparable separation performance with benchmark algorithms for speech signals, and outperformed benchmark algorithms for music signals.
The Habc Domain of the SNARE Vam3 Interacts with the HOPS Tethering Complex to Facilitate Vacuole Fusion*

Background: Tethering complexes such as HOPS bind SNAREs to coordinate fusion. Results: HOPS binds the Vam3 Habc domain and the SNARE complex, which is required for membrane fusion. Conclusion: Binding of the Vam3 Habc domain prepositions HOPS for optimal fusion support. Significance: Our data reveal that HOPS coordinates SNARE assembly and fusion via two distinct SNARE binding sites. Membrane fusion at vacuoles requires a consecutive action of the HOPS tethering complex, which is recruited by the Rab GTPase Ypt7, and vacuolar SNAREs to drive membrane fusion. It is assumed that the Sec1/Munc18-like Vps33 within the HOPS complex is largely responsible for SNARE chaperoning. Here, we present direct evidence for HOPS binding to SNAREs and the Habc domain of the Vam3 SNARE protein, which may explain its function during fusion. We show that HOPS interacts strongly with the Vam3 Habc domain, assembled Q-SNAREs, and the R-SNARE Ykt6, but not the Q-SNARE Vti1 or the Vam3 SNARE domain. Electron microscopy combined with Nanogold labeling reveals that the binding sites for vacuolar SNAREs and the Habc domain are located in the large head of the HOPS complex, where Vps16 and Vps33 have been identified before. Competition experiments suggest that HOPS bound to the Habc domain can still interact with assembled Q-SNAREs, whereas Q-SNARE binding prevents recognition of the Habc domain. In agreement, membranes carrying Vam3ΔHabc fuse poorly unless an excess of HOPS is provided. These data suggest that the Habc domain of Vam3 facilitates the assembly of the HOPS/SNARE machinery at fusion sites and thus supports efficient membrane fusion.
Blonanserin - A Novel Antianxiety and Antidepressant Drug? An Experimental Study.

INTRODUCTION Many psychiatric disorders show signs and symptoms of anxiety and depression. A drug with both, effects and lesser adverse effects is always desired. Blonanserin is a novel drug with postulated effect on anxiety and depression. AIM The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Blonanserin on anxiety and depression in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS By using elevated plus maze test and forced swimming test, the antianxiety and antidepressant effects were evaluated. Animal ethics protocols were followed strictly. Total 50 rats (10 rats per group) were used for each test. As a control drug diazepam and imipramine were used in elevated plus maze and forced swimming test respectively. Blonanserin was tested for 3 doses 0.075, 0.2 and 0.8mg. These doses were selected from previous references as well as by extrapolating human doses. RESULTS This study showed an antianxiety effect of Blonanserin comparable to diazepam, which was statistically significant. Optimal effect was observed with 0.075mg, followed by 0.2 and 0.8mg. It also showed an antidepressant effect which was statistically significant. Optimal effect was observed at 0.2mg dose. CONCLUSION The results showed that at a dose range of 0.075 and 0.2mg Blonanserin has potential to exert an adjuvant antianxiety and antidepressant activity in animal models. In order to extrapolate this in patient, longer clinical studies with comparable doses should be planned. The present study underlines potential of Blonanserin as a novel drug for such studies.
Receptor-mediated Targeting of Fluorescent Probes in Living Cells*

A strategy was developed to label specified sites in living cells with a wide selection of fluorescent or other probes and applied to study pH regulation in Golgi. cDNA transfection was used to target a single-chain antibody to a specified site such as an organelle lumen. The targeted antibody functioned as a high affinity receptor to trap cell-permeable hapten-fluorophore conjugates. Synthesized conjugates of a hapten (4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyl-2-oxazolin-5-one, phOx) and fluorescent probes (Bodipy Fl, tetramethylrhodamine, fluorescein) were bound with high affinity (∼5 nm) and specific localization to the single-chain antibody expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and plasma membrane of living Chinese hamster ovary cells. Using the pH-sensitive phOx-fluorescein conjugate and ratio imaging microscopy, pH was measured in the lumen of Golgi (pH 6.25 ± 0.06). Measurements of pH-dependent vacuolar H+/ATPase pump activity and H+ leak in Golgi provided direct evidence that resting Golgi pH is determined by balanced leak-pump kinetics rather than the inability of the H+/ATPase to pump against an electrochemical gradient. Like expression of the green fluorescent protein, the receptor-mediated fluorophore targeting approach permits specific intracellular fluorescence labeling. A significant advantage of the new approach is the ability to target chemical probes with custom-designed spectral and indicator properties.
Substance P enhances the inhibition of osteoblastic cell differentiation induced by lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis.

BACKGROUND Substance P (SP) is a multifunctional neuropeptide that transmits pain signals, regulates the immune system, and may modulate emotional stress. SP stimulates bone resorption activity of osteoclasts, and SP level in gingival crevicular fluid is correlated with the degree of periodontal inflammation. However, the exact roles of SP in bone metabolism and periodontal diseases are poorly understood. To elucidate the effect of stress on bone metabolism, we investigated the effect of SP on osteoblastic cell differentiation in the presence of lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P-LPS). METHODS The primary osteoblastic cells were isolated from fetal rat calvaria (RC) and cultured with SP, P-LPS, and an SP antagonist (SPa). The effects of SP on bone nodule (BN), alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, mRNA expressions of SP receptor, bone matrix proteins, and Cbfa 1 were investigated. RESULTS SP stimulated the expression of SP receptor mRNA in RC cells and enhanced its expression in the presence of P-LPS (50 ng/ml). SP inhibited BN formation and ALPase activity in a dose-dependent manner (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) and further suppressed mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin but not of type I collagen mRNA. The inhibitory effects were enhanced in the presence of P-LPS and blocked by Spantide III. Furthermore, the expression of Cbfa 1 mRNA was also markedly suppressed in the presence of SP and P-LPS. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that SP inhibits osteoblastic cell differentiation and may be related to bone metabolism in periodontal diseases under conditions of stress.
The Gli2 transcription factor is required for normal mouse mammary gland development.

The hedgehog signal transduction network performs critical roles in mediating cell-cell interactions during embryogenesis and organogenesis. Loss-of-function or misexpression mutation of hedgehog network components can cause birth defects, skin cancer, and other tumors. The Gli gene family (Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3) encodes zinc finger transcription factors that act as mediators of hedgehog signal transduction. In this study, we investigate the role of Gli2 in mammary gland development. Mammary expression of Gli2 is developmentally regulated in a tissue compartment-specific manner. Expression is exclusively stromal during virgin stages of development but becomes both epithelial and stromal during pregnancy and lactation. The null phenotype with respect to both ductal and alveolar development was examined by transplantation rescue of embryonic mammary glands into physiologically normal host females. Glands derived from both wild type and null embryo donors showed ductal outgrowths that developed to equivalent extents in virgin hosts. However, in null transplants, ducts were frequently distended or irregularly shaped and showed a range of histological alterations similar to micropapillary ductal hyperplasias in the human breast. Alveolar development during pregnancy was not overtly affected by loss of Gli2 function. Ductal defects were not observed when homozygous null epithelium was transplanted into a wild type stromal background, indicating that Gli2 function is required primarily in the stroma for proper ductal development. DeltaGli2 heterozygotes also demonstrated an elevated frequency and severity of focal ductal dysplasia relative to that of wild type littermate- and age-matched control animals.
X-linked distal hereditary motor neuropathy maps to the DSMAX locus on chromosome Xq13.1-q21

Objective: To clinically characterize and map the gene locus in a three-generation family with an X-linked adult-onset distal hereditary motor neuropathy. Methods: Microsatellite markers spanning the juvenile distal spinal muscular atrophy (DSMAX) locus were genotyped and analyzed using genetic linkage analysis. The promoter, untranslated and coding region of the gap junction β1 (GJB1) gene was sequenced. Nine positional candidate genes were screened for disease mutations using high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis. Results: The family showed significant linkage to markers on chromosome Xq13.1-q21. Haplotype construction revealed a disease-associated haplotype between the markers DXS991 and DX5990. Sequence analysis excluded pathogenic changes in the coding and promoter regions of the GJB1 gene. Additional fine mapping in the family refined the DSMAX locus to a 1.44-cM interval between DXS8046 and DXS8114. HRM analysis did not identify disease-associated mutations in the coding region of nine candidate genes. Conclusion: We have identified a family with adult-onset distal hereditary motor neuropathy that refines the locus reported for juvenile distal spinal muscular atrophy (DSMAX) on chromosome Xq13.1-q21. Exclusion of mutations in the coding and regulatory region of the GJB1 gene eliminated the CMTX1 locus as a cause of disease in this family. Nine positional candidate genes in the refined interval underwent mutation analysis and were eliminated as the pathogenic cause of DSMAX in this family. The syndrome in this family may be allelic to the juvenile distal spinal muscular atrophy first reported at this locus.
Injection-Locked Wideband FM Demodulation at IF

A low-power FM demodulator operating across a 2–10-GHz IF bandwidth for its application in wideband heterodyne receivers is presented. A four-stage ring oscillator locks to one-fourth of the input FM, thereby reducing the energy required for wideband demodulation. The measurements show that the oscillator is capable of locking to at least a modulating frequency of 400 MHz, and further testing is limited by the FM source. Linear demodulation of the quadrature-phased outputs is realized using a low-power folded CMOS mixer, even as the fractional bandwidth of the input FM approaches unity. The inductorless 65-nm CMOS prototype occupies 0.17 mm2 and dissipates 3.2 mW from 1.2 V at the quiescent point. The measured SNR sensitivity is 8 dB and the demodulator bit-error rate is 0.1% at 10 Mb/s for a 45-mVpp input signal at IF.
Anesthetic Propofol Enhances Plasma &ggr;-Tocopherol Levels in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Background:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is an anesthetic drug with antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, documented both in vitro and in experimental models of ischemia–reperfusion injury and septic shock. These properties have been related to the similarity of its chemical structure to that of endogenous tocopherols, which are phenol-containing radical scavengers. This study evaluated the effects of propofol on &agr;- and &ggr;-tocopherol (&agr;- and &ggr;-T) levels and on selected markers of oxidant–antioxidant and inflammatory status in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods:Patients were randomly assigned for anesthesia with either propofol (propofol group, n = 22) or sevoflurane (control group, n = 21). Plasma levels of &agr;- and &ggr;-T, individual antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and interleukin 10 were measured before, during, and after anesthesia. In addition, levels of the proinflammatory prostaglandin E2 as a marker of cyclooxygenase-2 activity and those of interleukin 10 were measured in whole blood cultured with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Results:&ggr;-T levels increased significantly during surgery in propofol group (P < 0.0001 vs. control group). By contrast, &agr;-T similarly decreased in both groups. Malondialdehyde and interleukin 10 increased markedly and individual antioxidant capacity decreased, without differences between groups. Prostaglandin E2 levels measured 24 h after anesthesia induction were significantly lower in the propofol than in the control group. In vitro studies highlighted the different capacity of &ggr;- and &agr;-T to impair prostaglandin E2 synthesis by human monocytes challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions:The antiinflammatory properties of propofol that may be linked to its effect on &ggr;-T levels could be relevant in controlling the inflammatory response that accompanies tissue injury during reperfusion.