Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved bundle pricing model on wireless internet pricing scheme in serving multiple qos network based on quasi-linear utility function

In this paper, an improved Bundle Pricing model was developed in the internet wireless pricing scheme to serve multiple QoS networks. The model formed is a combination of Bundling problem model, consumer problem and quasi-linear utility function on multiple QoS network. The model used is solved with the aid of LINGO 13.0 program to get optimal solution. Based on the results of each case, both ISP and internet users get maximum benefit when ISP applies the model with utility function and QoS attribute compared to original model. The optimal solution is in the BER attribute QoS with a value of 3.04 × 108 on a flat fee and two-part tariff internet pricing scheme.
A mathematical approach to unsupervised learning in recurrent neural networks. (Une approche mathématique de l'apprentissage non-supervisé dans les réseaux de neurones récurrents)

In this thesis, we propose to give a mathematical sense to the claim: the neocortex builds itself a model of its environment. We study the neocortex as a network of spiking neurons undergoing slow STDP learning. By considering that the number of neurons is close to infinity, we propose a new mean-field method to find the ''smoother'' equation describing the firing-rate of populations of these neurons. Then, we study the dynamics of this averaged system with learning. By assuming the modification of the synapses' strength is very slow compared the activity of the network, it is possible to use tools from temporal averaging theory. They lead to showing that the connectivity of the network always converges towards a single equilibrium point which can be computed explicitely. This connectivity gathers the knowledge of the network about the world. Finally, we analyze the equilibrium connectivity and compare it to the inputs. By seeing the inputs as the solution of a dynamical system, we are able to show that the connectivity embedded the entire information about this dynamical system. Indeed, we show that the symmetric part of the connectivity leads to finding the manifold over which the inputs dynamical system is defined, and that the anti-symmetric part of the connectivity corresponds to the vector field of the inputs dynamical system. In this context, the network acts as a predictor of the future events in its environment.
Pareto Local Search for Alternative Clustering List of authors :

Supervised alternative clusterings is the problem of finding a set of clusterings which are of high quality and different from a given negative clustering. The task is therefore a clear multi-objective optimization problem. Optimizing two conflicting objectives at the same time requires dealing with tradeoffs. Most approaches in the literature optimize these objectives sequentially (one objective after another one) or indirectly (by some heuristic combination of the objectives). Solving a multi-objective optimization problem in these ways can result in solutions which are dominated (and not Pareto-optimal). We develop a direct multi-objective local search algorithm based on Pareto Local Search, called PLSAC, which fully acknowledges the multiple objectives, optimizes them directly and simultaneously, and produces solutions approximating the Pareto front. PLSAC has no sensitive parameters to be tuned by the user, provides solutions which dominate those obtained by other state-of-theart algorithms, and can accept arbitrary clustering quality and dissimilarity objectives. Besides, it can also be guided by the user to explore specific regions of interest along the Pareto front in an interactive manner.
Maternal Creatine Supplementation From Mid-Pregnancy Protects the Diaphragm of the Newborn Spiny Mouse From Intrapartum Hypoxia-Induced Damage

We hypothesized that maternal creatine supplementation from mid-pregnancy would protect the diaphragm of the newborn spiny mouse from the effects of intrapartum hypoxia. Pregnant mice were fed a control or 5% creatine-supplemented diet from mid-gestation. On the day before term, intrapartum hypoxia was induced by isolating the pregnant uterus in a saline bath for 7.5–8 min before releasing and resuscitating the fetuses. Surviving pups were placed with a cross-foster dam, and diaphragm tissue was collected at 24 h postnatal age. Hypoxia caused a significant decrease in the cross-sectional area (∼19%) and contractile function (26.6% decrease in maximum Ca2+-activated force) of diaphragm fibers. The mRNA levels of the muscle mass-regulating genes MuRF1 and myostatin were significantly increased (2-fold). Maternal creatine significantly attenuated hypoxia-induced fiber atrophy, contractile dysfunction, and changes in mRNA levels. This study demonstrates that creatine loading before birth significantly protects the diaphragm from hypoxia-induced damage at birth.
An efficient finite‐difference frequency‐domain method including thin layers

A method is presented to incorporate thin, lossy layers into a finite‐difference frequency‐domain model while retaining a coarse grid‐spacing. This approach significantly reduces computational effort. The new method is validated by a comparison with analytical solutions. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 43: 40–44, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20369
Post-thaw Thermal Resistance Test on Motility and Acrosomal Integrity of Filtered and Non-filtered Frozen Semen of Murrah Buffalo Bulls

Present investigation was conducted to determine the post-thaw sperm motility and acrosomal damage of filtered and non-filtered frozen semen of Murrah buffalo bulls. Twenty semen ejaculates (from four Murrah buffalo bulls collected at weekly interval) were diluted in Tris egg yolk glycerol extender and divided into two parts. One was filtered through sephadex G-100 column and the other portion was kept as such (non-filtered). Both fractions were frozen in liquid nitrogen (-196°C) by the standard method developed in the laboratory. After 24 h of freezing, non-filtered and filtered semen samples were thawed at 37°C for 1 min. These samples were incubated at 37°C in a water both. The different seminal characteristics i.e. percent progressive sperm motility, live and abnormal spermatozoa and spermatozoa with damaged acrosome were assessed at hourly interval till they remained motile. The filtered frozen and thawed semen showed significantly (p<0.05) high sperm viability and acrosomal integrity as compared to non-filtered semen. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 10 : 1424-1428)
Regional Specificity of Brain Atrophy in Huntington's Disease

The present study analyzes the relationship between cortical and subcortical brain volumes in patients with Huntington's disease. The brains of seven patients with a clinical diagnosis and positive family history of Huntington's disease and 12 controls were collected at autopsy with consent from relatives. Detailed clinical assessments were available for all study subjects with genotype confirmation for patients with Huntington's disease. Volume analysis of the brain on serial 3-mm coronal slices was performed as previously described. All patients with Huntington's disease exhibited significant brain atrophy resulting from volume reductions in both cortical and subcortical grey matter. Atrophy of the cortex was relatively uniform, although the medial temporal lobe structures were spared. The caudate nucleus and putamen were strikingly reduced in all cases and this atrophy correlated with the severity of cortical atrophy, suggesting an associated disease process. The rate of cortical but not subcortical atrophy correlated with CAG repeat numbers. Loss of frontal white matter correlated with both cortical and striatal atrophy. Age of onset of chorea correlated with the amount of subcortical atrophy, while duration of chorea correlated negatively with atrophy of the white matter. These results suggest a more widespread and global disease process in patients with Huntington's disease.
How to see the differences between quark and gluon jets.

Using hadronic jets in electron-positron annihilation, we suggest a simple and model-independent method to see the differences between quark and gluon jets. We define and analyze special energy-dependent moments of jets and choose those which are the most characteristic of the jet type. The main advantages of our method are that it handles the energy of a jet in an adequate way and studies a large part of the two- and three-jet events without strong cuts, thus reaching very high statistics. We clarify that the lack of these two features is the reason why studying this problem by some other methods led to inconclusive results.
Assessment of cancer recurrence in residual tumors after fractionated radiotherapy: a comparison of fluorodeoxyglucose, L-methionine and thymidine.

UNLABELLED This study evaluates the midterm follow-up of tumor and normal tissue uptake of deoxyglucose, thymidine and methionine after fractionated radiotherapy to assess cancer recurrence in residual tumors. METHODS AH109A tumor-burdened rats were treated with one to eight doses of 5Gy 60Co radiation. Tissue distribution study with 18F-FDG, 3H-thymidine and 14C-methionine, double-tracer autoradiography with 18F-FDG and 14C-methionine, and single-tracer autoradiography with 14C-labeled deoxyglucose, thymidine and methionine were performed 6 days after the end of therapy. RESULTS Dose response study shows a significant decrease of tumor uptake of all tracers after two and more doses, even in the case of later recurrence. Whereas 3H-Thd and 14C-Met tumor uptake was similar to that of normal muscle, 18F-FDG tumor uptake remains higher than that of muscle, even in the case of complete tumor cure. The irradiated muscle shows a higher 18F-FDG uptake than the nonirradiated muscle. Autoradiography after eight doses (100% tumor cure) reveals elevated 14C-DG tumor uptake to be ascribable to nonmalignant cellular elements, in particular to a macrophage layer at the rim of necrotic areas. Autoradiography after four and six doses (33% and 57% tumor cure) shows the highest methionine and thymidine uptake in viable cancer cells, whereas deoxyglucose uptake did not differ between viable cancer cells and macrophages. CONCLUSION To detect and differentiate viable cancer cells in a residual tumor mass after radiotherapy, PET using 11C-methionine or 11C-thymidine may have some advantages over 18F-FDG, especially if the residual tumor includes larger areas of necrosis.
Analyse de réseaux et histoire

Le propos est de presenter les outils proposes par l’analyse de reseaux, a partir d’exemples d’etudes qui les ont appliques a des terrains historiques. L’article aborde l’histoire sociale et politique, ainsi que, plus ponctuellement, la geographie historique, l’histoire des savoirs et l’histoire des entreprises. Il plaide pour un usage raisonne de ces techniques, dont il presente les limites et les exigences en termes de sources. Il en souligne les apports pour une meilleure comprehension des hierarchies et des fractures internes aux reseaux, de leur dynamique et de leur interaction avec les identites des acteurs sociaux.
State-dependent Kalman filters for robust engine control

Vehicle emissions variations impose significant challenges to the automotive industry. In these simulation studies, nonlinear estimation techniques based on state-dependent and extended Kalman filtering are developed for spark ignition engines to enhance robustness of the feedforward fuel controllers to changes in nominal system parameters and measurement errors. A model-based approach is used to derive the optimal filters. Numerical simulations indicate the superiority of estimation-based approaches to enhance robustness of in-cylinder air estimation which directly contributes to the precision of engine exhaust air-fuel ratio and, consequently the consistency of the tailpipe emissions. The results obtained are for an aggressive driving profile and are presented and discussed
Studies on the effect of pH and carbon sources on enzyme activities of some pectinolytic bacteria isolated from jute retting water

Th e eff ect of pH of the assay media and diff erent carbon sources in the culture media on the activities of 4 diff erent enzymes, namely polygalacturonase (PG), pectin lyase (PNL), xylanase, and cellulase, of some pectinolytic bacteria were studied. Th e pectinolytic bacterial strains were isolated from the jute retting water bodies of 2 important jute growing areas of North 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. Th e highest PG (12.45 to 41.0 IU/g cell wet weight) and PNL (22.55 to 75.7 U/mL) activities occurred at the alkaline pH of 8.0 and 8.5, respectively. Maximum xylanase activity (0.01 to 0.735 μmol/mL/min) occurred at pH 7.0. An acidic pH of 5.0 favored the cellulase activity (0 to 0.168 μmol/mL/ min). All the enzymes were highly substrate specifi c and inducible in nature. Th e highest PG and PNL activities were observed in the presence of pectin, whereas the highest xylanase and cellulase activities were detected in the presence of xylan and cellulose, respectively, as the sole carbon source in the media.
Dynamic collision avoidance of mobile robot based on velocity obstacles

The dynamic avoiding collision with moving obstacles of mobile robot has been studied. For the existing problems of the past velocity obstacles methods used for dynamic collision avoidance, the collision distance and collision time were considered. Furthermore, in the velocity variation space, we translated the dynamics collision avoidance problem into an optimization problem, defined a new objective function, and the corresponding dynamic collision avoidance arithmetic was designed. Simulation experiments show that the proposed methods effectively overcome conservative strategy of robot's motion of collision avoidance, achieve rapid movement towards the goal when robot avoiding collision with moving obstacles.
Endogenous production of reactive oxygen species by the NADPH oxidase complexes is a determinant of γ-glutamyltransferase expression

Abstract γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT) plays a significant role in antioxidant defence and participates in the metabolism of glutathione (GSH). The enzyme is up-regulated after acute oxidative stress and during pro-oxidant periods, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well known. The present investigation studied whether the endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was a determinant for GGT expression. A substantial amount of ROS is produced through the NADPH oxidase (NOX) system and knockdown of p22phox, a sub-unit of NOX1-4, resulted not only in reduced ROS levels but also in reduced GGT expression in human endometrial carcinoma cells. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) is an activator of NOX and it was found that PMA treatment of human colon carcinoma cells both increased cellular ROS levels and subsequently up-regulated GGT expression. On the other hand, the NOX inhibitor apocynin reduced ROS levels as well as GGT expression. The GGT mRNA sub-type A was increased after PMA-induced NOX activation. These results demonstrate that ROS generated from NOX enzymes are a significant determinant for GGT expression and activity.
Transient Synchrony and Dynamical Representation of Behavioral Goals of the Prefrontal Cortex

Summary form only given. Behavioral planning requires organizing actions by integrating perceived or memorized information to achieve goals. Studies have suggested that the underlying neural mechanisms involve updating representation of goals for action in associative cortices such as the prefrontal cortex (Saito et al., 2005). Although the underlying neural mechanisms are still unknown, we assume that functional linking of neurons would contribute to this transformation of behavioral goals. Thus, we investigated the relation of synchronous firing of neurons to the transformation of goal representation by recording neurons from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), while the monkeys performed a path-planning task (Mushiake et al., 2001) that requires them to plan immediate goals of actions to achieve final goals. Two monkeys were trained to perform a path-planning task that required them to move a cursor to a goal in a lattice-like display. After the cursor emerged in the center of the lattice (start display), a goal was presented in a corner (final goal display). The delay 1 period was followed by the delay 2 period, in which a part of the path in the lattice was blocked that disabled the cursor to move through the path. Then, a go signal was provided to allow the monkey to move the cursor for one check of the lattice. To dissociate arm movements and cursor movements, the monkeys to perform with three different arm-cursor assignments, which were changed every 48 trials. Neuronal pairs that were recorded simultaneously during more than two arm-cursor assignment blocks (> 96 trials) were included in the dataset. The analysis for task-related modulation of synchronous firing was based on the time-resolved cross-correlation method (Baker et al., 2001). This method can estimate neuronal synchrony well, because it can exclude the influence of firing rate change in and among trials by using instantaneous firing rate (IFK) for the predictor. In an example, weak and strong increase in co-firing rate of the neuronal pair is seen at final goal display and delay 2 period respectively, while synchronized firing can be recognized at delay 1 period without accompanying co-firing rate increase. We selected DLPFC neurons showing significant synchrony and goal-related activity with gradual shift of representation from final to immediate goals before initiation of the action. Many of the DLPFC neurons were found to show transient enhancement of synchrony without firing-rate increases. Furthermore, such enhancement was nearly coincident with the timing of shift in their goal representations. These results suggest that transient synchrony plays an important role in the transforming process of goal representations during behavioral planning
Testis / Penis / Urethra The Roles of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging , PCA 3 and Prostate Health Index d Which is the Best Predictor of Prostate Cancer after a Negative Biopsy ?

and Acronyms bGS 1⁄4 biopsy Gleason score DCA 1⁄4 decision curve analysis DRE 1⁄4 digital rectal examination DWI 1⁄4 diffusion weighted imaging %fPSA 1⁄4 free PSA rate mp-MRI 1⁄4 multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging MRI 1⁄4 magnetic resonance imaging PB 1⁄4 prostate biopsy PCa 1⁄4 prostate cancer PCA3 1⁄4 prostate cancer antigen 3 PHI 1⁄4 Prostate Health Index PSA 1⁄4 prostate specific antigen RB 1⁄4 repeat biopsy tPSA 1⁄4 total PSA
Autoradiographic analysis of rat brain kinin B1 and B2 receptors: Normal distribution and alterations induced by epilepsy

Kindling‐induced seizures constitute an experimental model of human temporal lobe epilepsy that is associated with changes in the expression of several inflammatory proteins and/or their receptors in distinct brain regions. In the present study, alterations of kinin receptors in the brain of amygdaloid‐kindled rats were assessed by means of in vitro autoradiography, using 125I‐labeled 3‐4 hydroxyphenyl‐propionyl‐desArg9‐D‐Arg°‐[Hyp3, Thi5, D‐Tic7, Oic8]‐bradykinin (B1 receptors) and 125I‐labeled 3‐4 hydroxyphenyl‐propionyl‐D‐Arg°‐[Hyp3, Thi5, D‐Tic7, Oic8]‐bradykinin (B2 receptors) as ligands. Results demonstrate that B2 receptors are widely distributed throughout the brain of control rats. The highest densities were observed in lateral septal nucleus, median preoptic nucleus, dentate gyrus, amygdala, spinal trigeminal nucleus, mediovestibular nucleus, inferior cerebellar peduncles, and in most of cortical regions (0.81–1.4 fmol/mg tissue). In contrast, very low densities of B1 receptors were detected in all analyzed areas from control rats (0.18–0.26 fmol/mg tissue). When assessed in kindled rats, specific binding sites for B2 receptors were significantly decreased (41 to 76%) in various brain areas. Conversely, B1 receptor binding sites were markedly increased in kindled rats, especially in hippocampus (CA2 ≅ CA1 ≅ CA3), Amy and entorhinal, peririnal/piriform, and occipital cortices (152–258%). Data show for the first time that kindling‐induced epilepsy results in a significant decline of B2 receptor binding sites, accompanied by a striking increase of B1 receptor labeling in the rat brain. An altered balance between B1 and B2 receptor populations may play a pivotal role in the onset and/or maintenance of epilepsy. J. Comp. Neurol. 461:506–519, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevention Schemes Against Phishing Attacks on Internet Banking Systems

With the rise of Internet banking, phishing has become a major problem in online banking systems. Over time, highly evolved phishing attacks, such as active phishing, have emerged as a serious issue. Thus, we suggest two server authentication schemes based on SSL/TLS to protect Internet banking customers from phishing attacks. The first scheme uses the X.509 client certificate, which includes a personal identification message from the customer in order to recognize a genuine banking server. The second scheme, based on the first one, is a modified version of SSL/TLS. We also analyze our schemes using attack scenarios and an analysis table.
Research on Road Recognition Algorithm Based on Structure Environment for ITS

Median value filter is used to eliminate or reduce the noise caused by the outside environment. The edge information of road image is enhanced by Sobel operator. And then based on the Otsu method, an effective algorithm is proposed to binary-code the lane image in order to segment and identify road edge easily. Finally, Hough transformation is used to extract the feature of lane and detect the lane edge. Thus road edge is detected and area of interest (AOI) is established. Based on the position correlation in the video images, the Kalman filter is introduced to predict the position of AOI to reduce the searching area. This algorithm integrates the Kalman filter and precognition of road position, and improves the rapidity and accuracy of road detection.
Sentiments mining and classification of music lyrics using SentiWordNet

The Lyrical part of a song is a rich source of datasets containing words that are helpful in analysis and classification of sentiments generated from it Sentimental analysis is not mere a social analytics but it is a field of study in which whole perception of individuals are automated to find the underlying details of the subject. The goal of this experiment is doing a linguistic analysis of Lyrics to classify them whether the respective songs are suitable for audience or not by classifying them with positive and negative content present in them. In order to perform this, Words containing sentiments have been analyzed and tagged using POS-Tagger. They are finally processed with the Sentiment scores fetched from SentiWordNet.
Functional Screening of the Cronobacter sakazakii BAA-894 Genome reveals a role for ProP (ESA_02131) in carnitine uptake

Cronobacter sakazakii is a neonatal pathogen responsible for up to 80% of fatalities in infected infants. Low birth weight infants and neonates infected with C. sakazakii suffer necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteraemia and meningitis. The mode of transmission most often associated with infection is powdered infant formula (PIF) which, with an aw of ∼0.2, is too low to allow most microorganisms to persist. Survival of C. sakazakii in environments subject to extreme hyperosmotic stress has previously been attributed to the uptake of compatible solutes including proline and betaine. Herein, we report the construction and screening of a C. sakazakii genome bank and the identification of ProP (ESA_02131) as a carnitine uptake system.