Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A system for affective rating of texts

In pursuit of automated text understanding, two broad types of approach can be distinguished: analytic methods (e.g. named entity extraction) that provide specific items of information, and synthetic methods (e.g. topic identification) that provide a global characterization. Recent interest in identifying overall affect or sentiment in text falls into the second category. Judging from the limited results reported so far, it appears to be a more challenging problem than topic identification. This is presumably because topic, to first approximation, can reasonably be represented by the straightforward accumulation of word content, whereas tone or affect -like meaning itself -depends on relationships of words with each other and with referents external to the text.
Risks of malignancy in inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses

Purpose of reviewThe majority of inverted nasal papilloma are benign and treatment is by complete local surgical removal. There is an associated real, but small risk of malignancy, which may coexist at the time of presentation or develop at a later time. This article reviews some of the recent publications addressing the association of inverted papilloma with malignancy. Recent findingsNeither the etiology of inverted papilloma nor the factors responsible for malignant transformation are fully elucidated to date. Inverted papilloma is associated with squamous cell carcinoma in approximately 10% of the cases. Malignancy may occur synchronously or metachronously. SummaryBased on the literature, the rates of synchronous and metachronous carcinoma are 7.1 and 3.6%, respectively, although rates may be exaggerated due to a referral bias to tertiary centres. A thorough removal of all diseased mucosa is curative and a meticulous histological examination of the entire specimen is necessary. The working risk is approximately 10%. Recurrent disease and metachronous carcinoma can develop after a prolonged period of time. As most recurrences are due to incomplete resection, it is mandatory to perform a close follow-up, with biopsies performed when indicated. Life-long follow-up is recommended.
Smoking adversely affects survival in acute myeloid leukemia patients

Smoking adversely affects hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcome. We asked whether smoking affected outcome of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with chemotherapy. Data were collected on 280 AML patients treated with high‐dose cytarabine and idarubicin‐containing regimens at Roswell Park Cancer Institute who had smoking status data at diagnosis. Patients' gender, age, AML presentation (de novo vs. secondary), white blood cell (WBC) count at diagnosis, karyotype and smoking status (never vs. ever) were analyzed. Among the 161 males and 119 females with a median follow‐up of 12.9 months, 101 (36.1%) had never smoked and 179 (63.9%) were ever smokers. The proportion of patients between never and ever smokers was similar to respect to age, AML presentation, WBC count at diagnosis or karyotype based on univariate analysis of these categorical variables. Never smokers had a significantly longer overall survival (OS) (60.32 months) compared to ever smokers (30.89; p = 0.005). In multivariate analysis incorporating gender, age, AML presentation, WBC count, karyotype and smoking status as covariates, age, karyotype and smoking status retained prognostic value for OS. In summary, cigarette smoking has a deleterious effect on OS in AML.
Guidelines for Propbank framers

Frame files provide guidelines for Propbank annotators and include a list of framesets, or coarse-grained senses of the verbs. A frameset stands for a set of syntactic frames. Following Levin 1993, we assume that the set of syntactic constructions or frames that a verb can occur in is a direct reflection of the underlying semantic components that restrict allowable arguments. A frameset thus corresponds to a coarse-grained sense of the verb, which has a specific set of semantic arguments.
Highlights of drug - and herb- induced liver injury in the literature from 2016: how best to translate new information into clinical practice?

ABSTRACT Introduction: Over 1500 papers on drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and herb-induced liver injury (HILI) were published in 2016, many of which have the potential to impact clinical practice. Areas covered: Clinical studies and case series that lent themselves to new concepts in diagnosing, and treating DILI were selected for inclusion. Epidemiology of DILI in large prospective registries was highlighted. Causality assessment of drug hepatotoxicity remains challenging, as seen with cases of OxyELITE Pro (OEP). In 2016 updates to the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) were published to aid in the accuracy of diagnosing DILI/HILI. New reports of established hepatotoxins were again discussed in 2016, including genetic risk factors for DILI with respect to antituberculous agents. Expert opinion: 2016 marked a turning point in how much credence should be placed in the current causality assessment for DILI/HILI cases. Many recognized hepatotoxins are backed by a relatively few number of literature reports. Danan and Teschke make a strong case that an updated RUCAM should remain the gold standard for diagnosing DILI/HILI going forward, although the role of expert opinion is often still needed in cases where RUCAM falls short. The field of chemoinformatics continues to evolve while we await a truly predictive and diagnostic DILI biomarker.
Analysis of radar integration possibilities in inland mobile navigation

Radar image displayed over chart information can be invaluable in inland areas where spatial information is outdated, incomplete or often alternating. Not only it may show any navigational obstacles, but also detects shoreline. Existing non-professional inland mobile navigation systems provide weak capabilities for using sensors data other than for positioning purposes. In the paper, we present a few possibilities to integrate radar and other sensors into mobile navigation system to enhance its users navigation experience on inland water. In order to achieve this feature, we propose a model of radar integration into mobile navigational system for leisure craft users of inland waters. Additionally, technical and navigational aspects of radar integration was examined and suitable techniques were proposed.
Natural flavonoid derivatives as oral human epidermoid carcinoma cell inhibitors

Natural flavonoid derivatives against cancer for selective KB cell lines (oral human epidermoid carcinoma) are analysed to determine the relationship between biological activities and structural properties of these molecules. Molecular alignment was performed for 88 natural flavonoid derivatives; out of these 88 molecules, 69 molecules were taken into training set and rest of the 19 molecules were used in test set prediction. We describe our elucidation of their structure activity relation (SAR) using three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models. A predictive comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) model of q² = 0.888 and r² = 0.940 was obtained and a comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) model q² = 0.778 and r² = 0.971 was used to describe the non-linearly combined affinity of each functional group in the inhibitors. The contour maps obtained from 3D-QSAR studies were evaluated for the activity trends of the molecules analysed.
Chapter 1 Discrete Valued Markov Random Fields

A serious disadvantage of Markov chain structures is that they lead to image models that are not isotropic. This is due to the fact that one must choose a 1-D ordering of the pixels. In fact for most applications, there is no natural 1-D ordering for the pixels in a plane. Markov random fields (MRF) have been introduced as a class of image models that do not require a 1-D ordering of the image pixels, and therefore can produce more natural and isotropic image models. However, as we will see the disadvantage of MRF models is that problems such as parameter estimation can be much more difficult due to the intractable nature of the required normalizing constant. The key theorem required to work around this limitation is the Hammersley-Clifford Theorem which will be presented in detail. The following sections explain the theory and methods associated with discrete valued MRFs. Before we can define an MRF, we must first define the concept of a neighborhood system. Let S be a set of lattice points with elements s ∈ S. Then we use the notation ∂s to denote the neighbors of s. Notice that ∂s is a subset of S, so the function ∂ is a mapping from S to the power set of S, or equivalently the set of all subsets of S denoted by 2 S. However, not any mapping ∂s qualifies as a neighborhood system. In order
Role of adenosine in regulating glucose uptake during contractions and hypoxia in rat skeletal muscle

1 The effect of A1‐adenosine receptor antagonism via 8‐cyclopentyl‐1,3‐dipropyl‐xanthine (CPDPX) on the stimulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake by contractions and hypoxia was investigated in isolated perfused rat hindquarters. The standard perfusate contained either no insulin or a submaximal insulin concentration at 100 μU ml−1. 2 Muscles were stimulated to contract for 45 min by intermittent tetanic stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Hypoxia was induced by reducing perfusate haematocrit from 30% to 10% on the one hand, and by switching the gassing of the perfusate from a 35% to a 0% O2 mixture for 60 min on the other hand. The effect of contractions and hypoxia alone, or in combination, was investigated. 3 Hypoxia‐induced muscle glucose uptake was not altered by CPDPX in the absence or presence of insulin. In contrast, contraction‐induced glucose uptake was reduced by ≈25% (P < 0.05) by exposure of muscles to CPDPX. CPDPX did not affect hindlimb glucose uptake either before or after contractions. 4 The increment of muscle glucose uptake during hypoxia combined with contractions was greater (P < 0.05) than the effect of hypoxia alone. 5 The current findings provide evidence that the mechanism by which hypoxia stimulates muscle glucose uptake is, at least in part, different from the mechanism of glucose uptake stimulation by contractions, because (i) A1‐adenosine receptors regulate insulin‐mediated glucose uptake in muscle during contractions but not during hypoxia and (ii) submaximal hypoxia and contractions are additive stimuli to muscle glucose uptake.
Estimating Information Processing in a Memory System: The Utility of Meta-analytic Methods for Genetics

Genetic studies in Drosophila reveal that olfactory memory relies on a brain structure called the mushroom body. The mainstream view is that each of the three lobes of the mushroom body play specialized roles in short-term aversive olfactory memory, but a number of studies have made divergent conclusions based on their varying experimental findings. Like many fields, neurogenetics uses null hypothesis significance testing for data analysis. Critics of significance testing claim that this method promotes discrepancies by using arbitrary thresholds (α) to apply reject/accept dichotomies to continuous data, which is not reflective of the biological reality of quantitative phenotypes. We explored using estimation statistics, an alternative data analysis framework, to examine published fly short-term memory data. Systematic review was used to identify behavioral experiments examining the physiological basis of olfactory memory and meta-analytic approaches were applied to assess the role of lobular specialization. Multivariate meta-regression models revealed that short-term memory lobular specialization is not supported by the data; it identified the cellular extent of a transgenic driver as the major predictor of its effect on short-term memory. These findings demonstrate that effect sizes, meta-analysis, meta-regression, hierarchical models and estimation methods in general can be successfully harnessed to identify knowledge gaps, synthesize divergent results, accommodate heterogeneous experimental design and quantify genetic mechanisms.
Research on matching pursuit algorithm based-on Laplace wavelet for partial discharge pulse detection

A new method has been proposed for detecting partial discharge pulse under noisy and interferential condition, which is based on the matching pursuit algorithm. With a dictionary of Laplace functions, whose structure is similar to that of PD pulses, the proposed scheme can extract PD pulses from the signals within noise and interference successfully. In contrast to the other methods, the new way is easy to realize and can obtain more information of PD, such as the time of occurrence, frequency component, damping rate and so on, which are useful for location, classification and identification of PD pulses. The extraction results of simulation and field experiment data revealed that the effect of extracting PD pulses is very satisfactory with the proposed algorithm.
L-Systems in Geometric Modeling

We show that parametric context-sensitive L-systems with affine geometry interpretation provide a succinct description of some of the most fundamental algorithms of geometric modeling of curves. Examples include the Lane-Riesenfeld algorithm for generating B-splines, the de Casteljau algorithm for generating Bezier curves, and their extensions to rational curves. Our results generalize the previously reported geometric-modeling applications of L-systems, which were limited to subdivision curves.
Randomizing Packet Memory Networks for Low-Latency Processor-Memory Communication

Three-dimensional stacked memory is considered to be one of the innovative elements for the next-generation computing system, for it provides high bandwidth and energy efficiency. Particularly, packet routing ability of Hybrid Memory Cubes (HMCs) enables new interconnects for the memories, giving flexibility to its topological design space. Since memory-processor communication is latency-sensitive, our challenge is to alleviate latency of the memory interconnection network, which is subject to high overheads from hop-count increase. Interestingly, random network topologies are known to have remarkably low diameter that is even comparable to theoretical Moore graph. In this context, we first propose to exploit the random topologies for the memory networks. Second, we also propose several optimizations to leverage the random topologies to be further adaptive to the latency-sensitive memory-processor communication: communication path length based selection, deterministic minimal routing, and page-size granularity memory mapping. Finally, we present interesting results of our evaluation: the random networks with universal memory access outperformed non-random networks of which memory access was optimally localized.
Estimating parameters of an illumination model for the synthesis of specular surface textures

This paper proposes a method to estimate the parameters of an illumination model and then uses these parameters for the synthesis of specular surface textures. We used the relationship between surface gradient maps in the frequency domain as a constraint for the separation of diffuse and specular components. During the estimation, we always keep errors between the real images and reconstructed images as small as possible. The estimated parameters form sample surface representation maps, which are then, used as inputs for the synthesis of large representation maps. The synthesized representation maps are finally relit using the illumination model to produce new images under arbitrary illumination directions.
Coded modulation in pre-transformed OFDM systems

In this paper, we study the coded modulation schemes for pre-transformed (PT) Orthogonal Frequency Divi- sion Multiplexing (OFDM) systems, in short PT-OFDM systems. For quasi-static fading channels, we show that the signal to noise ratio (SNR) for different elements in a PT block is constant due to the spreading property of the PT matrix. Based on this observation, we propose trellis coded modulation (TCM) as the better coded modulation scheme for PT-OFDM system compared to bit interleaved coded modulation (BICM). This is further verified by a the BER comparison of coded PT-OFDM systems using different coded modulation schemes through computer simulations. one data packet, consisting of multiple OFDM symbols. While the channel is assumed independent for different data packets. In this paper, we study the performance of different coded modulation schemes for PT-OFDM systems. We show that under quasi-static channel condition, the instantaneous SNR's on all data symbols within the packet are equal. In such a system, TCM achieves better performance than BICM. This observation is further verified through computer simulations. We demonstrate that given FEC codes with the same code rate (2/3) and memory length (k =3 ), PT-OFDM system using TCM achieves better BER performance than BICM- PT-OFDM. We further show that TCM-PT-OFDM performs better than BICM-OFDM system as well for the given code. This paper is organized as follows. In section II, we describe the system structure of the PT-OFDM system with different coded modulation schemes. We also briefly discuss the MMSE detector for PT-OFDM systems. The analysis of instantaneous SNR for the PT-OFDM system and the choice of coded modulation schemes are presented in section III. The simulation results are given in section IV with the concluding remarks drawn in section V.
Sphingolipid and Cholesterol Dependence of Alphavirus Membrane Fusion

Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and Sindbis virus (SIN) are enveloped viruses that infect their host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and subsequent fusion from within acidic endosomes. Fusion of the viral envelope requires the presence of both cholesterol and sphingolipids in the target membrane. This is suggestive of a possible involvement of sphingolipid-cholesterol microdomains, or “lipid rafts,” in the membrane fusion and cell entry process of the virus. In this study, large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were prepared from synthetic sphingolipids and sterols that vary with respect to their capacity to promote microdomain formation, as assessed by gradient flotation analysis in the presence of Triton X-100. SFV and SIN fused with LUVs irrespective of the presence or absence of Triton X-100-insoluble microdomains. These results suggest that SFV and SIN do not require the presence of lipid rafts for fusion with target membranes. Furthermore, it is not necessary for sphingolipids to reside in a detergent-insoluble complex with cholesterol to promote SFV or SIN fusion.
Investigation of End-Effect in Brushless Machines Having Magnets in The Stator with Doubly Salient Structure

This paper proposes a simple method to take into account the influence of end-effect on flux-linkage and back-emf in both flux-switching permanent magnet (FSPM) and doubly-salient permanent magnet (DSPM) machines on the base of 3-D finite element analysis (FEA). A leakage factor kend is defined to scale the grade of the influence of end-effect on PM machines.
Asynchronous Distributed Power Control of Multi-Microgrid Systems Based on the Operator Splitting Approach.

Forming (hybrid) AC/DC microgrids (MGs) has become a promising manner for the interconnection of various kinds of distributed generators that are inherently AC or DC electric sources. This paper addresses the distributed asynchronous power control problem of hybrid microgrids, considering imperfect communication due to non-identical sampling rates and communication delays. To this end, we first formulate the optimal power control problem of MGs and devise a synchronous algorithm. Then, we analyze the impact of asynchrony on optimal power control and propose an asynchronous iteration algorithm based on the synchronous version. By introducing a random clock at each iteration, different types of asynchrony are fitted into a unified framework, where the asynchronous algorithm is converted into a fixed-point problem based on the operator splitting method, leading to a convergence proof. We further provide an upper bound estimation of the time delay in the communication. Moreover, the real-time implementation of the proposed algorithm in both AC and DC MGs is introduced. By taking the power system as a solver, the controller is simplified by reducing one order and the power loss can be considered. Finally, a benchmark MG is utilized to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed algorithm.
Benefits of Modest Weight Loss in Improving Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Overweight and obese individuals are encouraged to lose 5–10% of their body weight to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but data supporting this recommendation are limited, particularly for individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted an observational analysis of participants in the Look AHEAD (Action For Health in Diabetes) study (n = 5,145, 40.5% male, 37% from ethnic/racial minorities) and examined the association between the magnitude of weight loss and changes in CVD risk factors at 1 year and the odds of meeting predefined criteria for clinically significant improvements in risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes. RESULTS The magnitude of weight loss at 1 year was strongly (P < 0.0001) associated with improvements in glycemia, blood pressure, tryiglycerides, and HDL cholesterol but not with LDL cholesterol (P = 0.79). Compared with weight-stable participants, those who lost 5 to <10% ([means ± SD] 7.25 ± 2.1 kg) of their body weight had increased odds of achieving a 0.5% point reduction in HbA1c (odds ratio 3.52 [95% CI 2.81–4.40]), a 5-mmHg decrease in diastolic blood pressure (1.48 [1.20–1.82]), a 5-mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure (1.56 [1.27–1.91]), a 5 mg/dL increase in HDL cholesterol (1.69 [1.37–2.07]), and a 40 mg/dL decrease in triglycerides (2.20 [1.71–2.83]). The odds of clinically significant improvements in most risk factors were even greater in those who lost 10–15% of their body weight. CONCLUSIONS Modest weight losses of 5 to <10% were associated with significant improvements in CVD risk factors at 1 year, but larger weight losses had greater benefits.
Individuals With Disabilities in Self-Employment Through Vocational Rehabilitation

Since the passage of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, federal and state governments have played a significant role in the employment of individuals with disabilities. In the present study, one aspect of that relationship was analyzed—individuals with disabilities who received vocational rehabilitation (VR) services to become self-employed. The authors utilized a two-level hierarchical generalized linear modeling to analyze national data from the Rehabilitation Services Administration for fiscal years 2008–2012. Among several significant (p < .001) predictors of successful VR self-employment case closure across the years, ethnicity had the largest effect, followed by gender. Although the findings from this study build on those from a previous study, conclusions about the predictors are tentative. Nevertheless, the findings add to a sparse literature on VR self-employment of individuals with disabilities, and the authors discuss the study’s implications for researchers and VR and provide suggestions for further research.