Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Equivalent T Circuit of the Induction Motor: Its Nonuniqueness and Use to the Magnetic Field Analyst

The equivalent T circuit of an induction motor is found in every engineering motors book, and is becoming increasingly important with the popularity of vector control. The values used in the circuit are used to dictate the necessary gating signals for the PWM inverter. It is the de facto standard bridge between the field analyst and the motor controller. These parameters are not unique. Force, energy, voltage, and secondary power dissipation can be shown to relate to the product of synchronous reactance and the coupling coefficient of the rotor and stator. The mutual reactance, the secondary inductance, and secondary resistance are non-unique. Yet this surprising feature can be used as a solution integrity check for the field analyst
Facing the open innovation gap: measuring and building open innovation in supply chains

Purpose – This study aims to develop a standardized instrument to measure open innovation and trust. The instrument is designed to examine the willingness of those involved in supply chains (SCs) to apply open innovation. It may also be used to observe the potential role of customers, competitors and suppliers in improving the performance of SCs. Design/methodology/approach – This survey of the extant studies of Multinational Automobiles Assembly lines in Egypt involved a questionnaire, which was provided across all grades at the middle managerial level. This questionnaire was divided into two main sections. The first section was concerned with elements of open innovation such as innovation, shared values and shared knowledge. The second section was focused on interrelated types of organizational and extra-organizational trust. Findings – The developed instrument was designed to access and analyze the different types of trust required for the optimal application of open innovation. Its purpose was to enha.
Effects of enriched and restricted early environments on the learning ability of bright and dull rats.

SEVERAL RECENT SUHVKYS of the literature (2, 3, 4, 9) reflect the increased emphasis being placed upon study of the relationship between early environment and later behaviour in animals. Learning ability has received particular attention, and several studies have shown that the learning ability of adult animaLs is affected by the quality of their infant environment. More specifically, they indicate that animals raised in "enriched" or "stimulating" environments are superior in adult learning ability to animals raised in "restricted" or "unstimulating" environments. These results were obtained with animals possessing a normal heritage of learning ability; hence there remains the possibility of differential effects for animals of superior or inferior endowment. The present study was designed to explore this possibility. Its specific object was to test for possible differential effects of enriched and restristed early environments on the problem-solving ability of bright and of dull rats.
The Love of Money, pressure to Perform and Unethical Marketing Behavior in the Cosmetic Industry in Uganda

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between love of money, pressure to perform and unethical marketing behavior in the cosmetic industry in Uganda. The methodology was cross-sectional and correlational. A questionnaire was administered to collect data on a sample of 169 marketers selected randomly from five cosmetic companies in Uganda. Results indicate that if the salespersons are willing to perform unprofessional assignments for monetary gain or if they have a burning desire for success regardless of how they should succeed, this is bound to result into unethical marketing behavior. Furthermore, the present study reveals that as pressure to perform increases through the achievement of targets and deadlines, unethical behavior increases and moves in the same direction as a result of the effect. Unrealistic targets combined with fixed deadlines promote and strengthen unethical marketing behavior. Thus love of money through its components, Success, Motivator, Evil, Budget and Equity can be moderated by management control - as management control improves, unethical marketing behavior is minimized. Even if the cosmetics industry in Uganda is very much in its infancy with only five manufacturers and this may limit generalizability, this study argues that companies should employ staff with good working experience in the marketing profession and there should be continuous staff screening of their behaviors over the years. Company image should be a top priority and management should design targets that are realistic to avoid continuous reported unethical behaviors among their staff.
Performance measurement system for enterprise networks

Purpose – The purpose of this research paper is to present a performance measurement system for enterprise networks (PMS‐EN) developed within the context of a European project's context.Design/methodology/approach – This research follows a constructivist approach, based on the following activities: recompilation, analysis and study of scientific knowledge, acquisition of main postulates and construction of initial framework.Findings – This paper describes a performance measurement system called PMS‐EN that can be used for managing performance in the enterprise networks context. After analysing different frameworks relating to such a thematic, and once their main weaknesses were identified, it was decided to develop a PMS that will overcome these difficulties and, at the same time, provide enterprises operating within these environments, with a simple, efficient, robust and useful framework.Research limitations/implications – This PMS has been built upon the framework called PMS IE‐GIP, but thought could b.
Testing forecasting power of the conditional relationship between beta and return

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the forecasting power of the conditional relationship between beta and international stock returns. Design/methodology/approach - Using the market model, the individual betas for each country in the sample are estimated by ordinary least square. The conditional relation between beta and return is tested by estimating cross-sectional regressions for each month (i.e. 343 cross-sectional regressions). Mean value of coefficients and Findings - Overall, no support of the model was found. Although positive, there is insignificant relationship between beta of current period when excess market return is positive with next period stock return. Moreover, although negative, there was insignificant relationship between beta of current period when excess market return in negative with next period stock return. Similar results were found when the sample was divided into January and non-January months. Originality/value - This contribution is to test the validity of conditional relationship between beta and stock returns in international setting by considering the effect of current period up- and down-markets on the next period stock return. If the conditional version of capital asset pricing model (CAPM) holds, there must be a consistent result, i.e. similar to those obtained by the studies using contemporaneous relationship. It is important to perform such tests on the conditional version of CAPM since an
Efficiency-Wage Unemployment and Intersectoral Wage Differentials in a Heckscher- Ohlin Model

Abstract The paper analyzes a Heckscher-Ohlin (HO) model with efficiency-wage unemployment (henceforth HOe model). We show that all HO results have close HOe analogues. Additionally, conditions are derived under which immigrants might not only find employment for themselves but also raise employment for natives. Moreover, we analyze the ranking of countries with respect to their rate of unemployment, showing that this ranking may be reversed as countries move from autarky to trade. All results are clearly linked to factor intensities and the pattern of intersectoral wage differentials.
Reliability and validity of plain radiographs to assess angulation of small finger metacarpal neck fractures: Human cadaveric study

To quantify reliability and validity of plain radiographs for assessing the degree of small finger metacarpal neck fracture angulation, we created typical two‐fragments fractures in 30 adult cadaveric specimens. Reliability and validity of different radiographic measurement methods were determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland and Altman graphical approach. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability was high with any radiographic measurement method. Mean ICCs values (95% confidence intervals) varied from 0.76 (0.56–0.88) to 1.00 (0.99–1.00). The graphical approach confirmed good agreement. Validity was substantial when the fracture angle was measured between the line along the longitudinal axis of the metacarpal shaft and the line from the center of the metacarpal head to the fracture site on lateral radiographs. Mean ICCs values varied from 0.70 (0.36–0.86) to 0.79 (0.5–0.90). The graphical analysis also indicated good agreement. In contrast, considerable lack of validity was observed when the angle was measured on oblique radiographs. Although the mean ICCs values varied from 0.68 (0.12–0.88) to 0.74 (0.05–0.90), suggesting substantial correlation, the graphical analysis provided evidence for poor validity. There was systematic bias with oblique radiographs consistently producing higher readings (up to 35°). In summary, reliability and validity are good only when the degree of small finger metacarpal neck fracture angulation is measured after drawing lines on lateral radiographs. Oblique radiograph measurements consistently produce higher readings. © 2005 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
The alphabet of intrinsic disorder

The ability of a protein to fold into unique functional state or to stay intrinsically disordered is encoded in its amino acid sequence. Both ordered and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are natural polypeptides that use the same arsenal of 20 proteinogenic amino acid residues as their major building blocks. The exceptional structural plasticity of IDPs, their capability to exist as heterogeneous structural ensembles and their wide array of important disorder-based biological functions that complements functional repertoire of ordered proteins are all rooted within the peculiar differential usage of these building blocks by ordered proteins and IDPs. In fact, some residues (so-called disorder-promoting residues) are noticeably more common in IDPs than in sequences of ordered proteins, which, in their turn, are enriched in several order-promoting residues. Furthermore, residues can be arranged according to their “disorder promoting potencies,” which are evaluated based on the relative abundances of various amino acids in ordered and disordered proteins. This review continues a series of publications on the roles of different amino acids in defining the phenomenon of protein intrinsic disorder and concerns glutamic acid, which is the second most disorder-promoting residue.
Board Leadership Structure of Publicly‐Traded Insurance Companies

CEO duality is a contentious issue driving much debate amongst regulators and business leaders. It is also an aspect of corporate governance, to which insurance companies have made significant changes in recent years. Despite its significance, we know little about the determinants of CEO duality in the insurance industry and its impact on firm performance. This paper addresses these research questions. We find strong evidence that CEO duality is a complex decision, which insurance firms fine-tune in response to their individual circumstances. Compared to other industries, the insurance industry is unique in that the costs and benefits of CEO duality vary more with firm size. We find no evidence that CEO duality is detrimental to firm performance. If anything, the valuation impact of CEO duality appears to be positive for large insurers. Our results have important policy implications. Evidence suggests that regulatory initiatives targeting CEO duality of insurance firms should pay close attention to the role of firm size. It may also be desirable to promote regulations that can provide insurance companies decision flexibility in adjusting their leadership structures to competitive environments.
The Study of Administration

November 2, 1886 I suppose that no practical science is ever studied where there is no need to know it. The very fact, therefore, that the eminently practical science of administration is finding its way into college courses in this country would prove that this country needs to know more about administration, were such proof of the fact required to make out a case. It need not be said, however, that we do not look into college programs for proof of this fact. It is a thing almost taken for granted among us, that the present movement called civil service reform must, after the accomplishment of its first purpose, expand into efforts to improve, not the personnel only, but also the organization and methods of our government offices: because it is plain that their organization and methods need improvement only less than their personnel. It is the object of administrative study to discover, first, what government can properly and successfully do, and, secondly, how it can do these proper things with the utmost possible efficiency and at the least possible cost either of money or of energy. On both these points there is obviously much need of light among us; and only careful study can supply that light.
Predictive ability of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) in a free-living elderly population: a cross-sectional study

Background Various scales have been used to perform a quick and first level nutritional assessment, and the MNA is one of the most used and recommended by experts in the elderly in all areas. This scale has a short form, the MNA-SF, revised and validated in 2009, which has two versions: the BMI-MNA-SF contains the first six items of the full scale including Body Mass Index while the CC-MNA-SF includes Calf Circumference instead of BMI. Objective To evaluate the predictive ability for nutritional status of the two versions of the MNA-SF against the MNA in free-living elderly in the province of Valencia. Methods Cross-sectional study of 660 free-living elderly in the province of Valencia selected in 12 community centres using stratified sampling by blocks. Inclusion criteria: being aged 65 or over, living at home, having functional autonomy, residing in the province of study for more than one year, regularly attending community centres and voluntarily wanting to take part. Results Of the 660 subjects studied, 319 were men (48.3%) and 341 (51.7%) women with a mean age of 74.3 years (SD = 6.6). In terms of nutritional assessment, using the BMI-MNA-SF and the CC-MNA-SF we found that 26.5% and 26.2% were at risk of malnutrition and 0.9% and 1.5% were malnourished respectively. With the full MNA, 23.3% were at risk of malnutrition. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients indicate a high association between the full MNA score and the MNA-SFs scores (BMI-MNA-SF: ρ = 0.78p < 0.001; CC-MNA-SF: ρ = 0.78p < 0.001). In addition we obtained a very high correlation between the two MNA-SFs (ρ = 0.96p < 0.001). We evaluated the agreement between the full MNA and the MNA-SFs classification in three nutritional categories (normal nutritional status, risk of malnutrition, malnutrition) with Cohen’s kappa coefficients (BMI-MNA-SF: κ = 0.54p < 0.001; CC-MNA-SF: κ = 0.52p < 0.001). These values indicate moderate agreement with the full MNA. There is very good agreement between the BMI-MNA-SF and CC-MNA-SF (κ = 0.88p < 0.001). In order to determine the ability of both MNA-SFs to identify subjects not requiring any nutritional intervention, we considered the dichotomised categorisation of the full MNA and the MNA-SFs as “normal nutritional status” vs. “malnutrition and risk of malnutrition” Areas under the ROC curves using MNA as the gold standard indicate moderately high prognostic accuracy (BMI-MNA-SF: AUC = 0.88p < 0.001; CC-MNA-SF: AUC = 0.87 p < 0.001). Both versions of the MNA-SF showed similar sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic effectiveness (BMI-MNA-SF: 73.4%, 86.6%, 83.5%; CC-MNA-SF 73.4%, 86.2%, 83.2%). Conclusions In its two versions the MNA-SF presents useful predictive ability against the MNA. The advantage of the CC-MNA-SF is that using it requires fewer resources and less time in primary care, although always the characteristics of the population must take into account to make the right decision based on the MNA-SF scales.
Banks as firms’ blockholders: a study in Spain

This article analyses how a firm's returns are affected when a bank becomes a large blockholder. We investigate this issue by taking into consideration the types of blockholders that build coalitions with banks in order to control a firm. We find that the effect on a firm's returns is negative when a bank buys the largest stake and forms coalitions with other banks. However, this negative effect does not apply in other situations. We underscore our theoretical conjectures based on an empirical analysis of a panel dataset comprising a representative sample of listed and unlisted Spanish firms over the period 1996 to 2000.
The Changing Political Economy of Inflation

A type of conventional wisdom has developed among many scholars that industrialized countries with independent central banks produce lower relative inflation rates than countries that do not have these institutions. We argue that the relative importance of central bank independence for fighting inflation changed fundamentally from the 1970s to the 1980s as a result of experiences in the advanced industrialized democracies, which led both Right and Left governments to move toward more neo-liberal macroeconomic policies. As governments made price stability more of a priority, the anti-inflationary effects of independent central banks would become much less pronounced. This hypothesis is tested and confirmed in the study in a multi-variate regression analysis using data from eighteen industrialized democracies.
Designing Discrete Choice Experiments: Do Optimal Designs Come at a Price?

In discrete choice experiments, design decisions are crucial for determining data quality and costs. While high statistical efficiency designs are desirable, they may come at a price if they increase the cognitive burden for respondents. We address this problem by designing 44 experiments that systematically vary numbers of attributes and attribute level differences. Our results for two product categories suggest that respondents systematically are less consistent in answering choice questions as statistical efficiency increases. This relationship holds regardless of the number of attributes and is statistically significant even if one accommodates preference heterogeneity. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Identification of altered MicroRNA expression in canine lymphoid cell lines and cases of B‐ and T‐Cell lymphomas

Canine lymphoma is a common spontaneous tumor with many similarities to human lymphoma, and thus has potential to be an important animal model of lymphomagenesis. This study determined that microRNA (miRNA) expression in canine tumors can be assessed using a commercially available human cancer miRNA qPCR array. miRNA expression in six different canine lymphoid cell lines and in naturally occurring canine B‐ and T‐cell lymphomas was compared using RNA harvested from normal canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and normal lymph nodes (LN) as controls. We found that false discovery rate (FDR) correction for multiple testing after quantile normalization controlled for variation across arrays and that they were the best methods for normalization and statistical analysis. Increases in miRNAs known to upregulate oncogenes (miR19a+b, miR17‐5p) and decreased expression of miRNAs with tumor suppressor functions (miR‐203, miR‐218, and miR‐181a) also seen in human lymphoid malignancies were observed. However, there were few similarities between canine groups. The results of this study indicate that the use of both PBMC and LN cells as controls provides different, but potentially equally important targets for further analysis. Our findings of miRNA dysregulation in canine lymphoid cell lines and clinical cases of lymphoma emphasize the potential of canine lymphoma as an important spontaneous, large animal model of human B‐ and T‐cell lymphomas. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ENGAGING TIMESHARE OWNERS IN TOURISM DESTINATION MANAGEMENT: TOURISM PLANNING AND TOURISM MARKETING IMPLICATIONS

It is important to understand tourists' willingness to participate in tourism planning and the factors influencing their willingness because they are an integral part of the destination and ultimately one of the main buyers of the product. Timeshare owners are a special group of tourists who have additional connections with the tourism destination through their timeshare. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among timeshare owners' perceptions of tourism planning, civic engagement, sense of place, and willingness to participate in tourism planning. This study was based on a questionnaire survey of U.S. timeshare owners. The total sample size was 302. A two‐stage structural equation modeling approach was applied in data analysis. Results from the measurement model suggested that the model fit the data quite well. Results from the structural model suggested that timeshare owners' perceptions of tourism planning, their past history of civic participation, and their sense of place significantly impact their willingness to participate in tourism planning, while timeshare owners' past experience in political participation did not significantly affect their willingness to participate in tourism planning. Implications of the findings in tourism planning and tourism destination marketing are presented.
Market Development and the Asset Growth Effect: International Evidence

Abstract A number of studies of U.S. stock returns document what is referred to as the investment or asset growth effect. Specifically, firms that increase investment or total assets subsequently earn lower risk-adjusted returns. This study finds substantial cross-country differences in the asset growth effect. In particular, the asset growth effect is stronger in countries with more developed financial markets, but it does not seem to be associated with corporate governance or the costs of trading. Overall, the evidence is consistent with a q-theory where financial market development captures either managers’ willingness or ability to align investment expenditures to the cost of capital, but it is inconsistent with the hypothesis that the asset growth effect is due to bad governance and overinvestment.