Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vivo cimetidine inhibits hepatic CYP2C6 and CYP2C11 but not CYP1A1 in adult male rats.

We previously reported that in vivo cimetidine inhibits hepatic microsomal enzyme activities mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C11 and at least one other CYP enzyme but does not inhibit CYP2A1-, CYP2B- or CYP3A-mediated activities in adult male rats. To investigate the effects of in vivo cimetidine on CYP1A1, cimetidine (150 mg/kg i.p.) or saline was administered to beta-naphthoflavone-induced (40 mg/kg i.p. once daily for 3 consecutive days) or uninduced adult male Wistar rats, and hepatic microsomes were prepared 90 min after the cimetidine injection. Cimetidine had no effect on either methoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (MROD) or ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (EROD) activity in microsomes from beta-naphthoflavone-induced rats. In these same microsomes, polyclonal anti-CYP1A1 IgG inhibited both MROD and EROD activities by >90%, whereas monoclonal anti-CYP1A1 IgG inhibited MROD and EROD activities by 60% and 80%, respectively. In contrast, cimetidine inhibited MROD and EROD activities in microsomes from uninduced rats by 50% and 65%, respectively (P < .05). Immunoinhibition studies with polyspecific and monospecific anti-CYP2C11 IgG indicated that MROD and EROD activities are mediated by a CYP2C enzyme or enzymes other than CYP2C11 in these microsomes. To investigate the possibility that the drug affected EROD activity in uninduced rats by inhibiting CYP2C6, cimetidine was administered as described to rats that had been pretreated with phenobarbital (80 mg/kg i.p once daily for 4 consecutive days). In hepatic microsomes from these rats, cimetidine inhibited progesterone 21-hydroxylase activity (mediated by CYP2C6) by 62% and progesterone 2alpha-hydroxylase activity (mediated by CYP2C11) by 39% but had no effect on progesterone 6beta-hydroxylase activity (mediated by CYP3A). Taken together, the results indicate that in vivo cimetidine has no effect on CYP1A1 but inhibits CYP2C6 in addition to CYP2C11. Preincubation of microsomes from uninduced rats with cimetidine and NADPH in vitro increased the potency of inhibition of EROD activity by 20-fold, suggesting that cimetidine inhibits CYP2C6, as it does CYP2C11: by forming a metabolite/intermediate complex.
Variation in the Ovine Abomasal Lymph Node Transcriptome between Breeds Known to Differ in Resistance to the Gastrointestinal Nematode

Texel lambs are known to be more resistant to gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection than Suffolk lambs, with a greater ability to limit infection. The objectives of this study were to: 1) profile the whole transcriptome of abomasal lymph node tissue of GIN-free Texel and Suffolk lambs; 2) identify differentially expressed genes and characterize the immune-related biological pathways and networks associated with these genes. Abomasal lymph nodes were collected from Texel (n = 6) and Suffolk (n = 4) lambs aged 19 weeks that had been GIN-free since 6 weeks of age. Whole transcriptome profiling was performed using RNA-seq on the Illumina platform. At the time of conducting this study, a well annotated Ovine genome was not available and hence the sequence reads were aligned with the Bovine (UMD3.1) genome. Identification of differentially expressed genes was followed by pathway and network analysis. The Suffolk breed accounted for significantly more of the differentially expressed genes, (276 more highly expressed in Suffolk v 162 in Texel; P < 0.001). The four most significant differentially expressed pathways were all related to immunity and were classified as: Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors in Recognition of Bacteria and Viruses, Activation of IRF by Cytosolic Pattern Recognition Receptors, Role of RIG-I-like Receptors in Antiviral Innate Immunity, and Interferon Signaling. Of significance is the fact that all of these four pathways were more highly expressed in the Suffolk. These data suggest that in a GIN-free environment, Suffolk lambs have a more active immune profile relative to the Texel: this immune profile may contribute to the poorer efficiency of response to a GIN challenge in the Suffolk breed compared to the Texel breed.
Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-58 in Turkey

The use of carbapenems to eradicate multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii may become compromised by the spread of carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D -lactamase (CHDL) genes (OXA-23, OXA-40, or OXA-58). Here, we describe the phenotypical and genotypical characterization of MDR A. baumannii isolates, recovered between June and November 2003 in a tertiary-care hospital in Antalya, Turkey. Hundred and sixteen MDR A. baumannii isolates were isolated from 23 patients, mostly from respiratory samples and from 11 environmental samples. These MDR isolates, belonged to a single clone and remained susceptible to colistin and rifampin only. They produced CHDL OXA-58. In addition, they were also positive for the blaOXA-51, for a novel blaAMPC (ADC-43) gene and for ISAba1. The blaOXA-58 gene was located onto a non self-transferable 50-kb plasmid that could be electroporated to A. baumannii 7010 reference strain. One isogenic carbapenem-susceptible strain lost its plasmid carrying blaOXA-58 gene. PCR mapping identified similar genetic structures surrounding the blaOXA-58 gene as for the prototype blaOXA-58 gene, e.g. two ISAba3-like insertion sequences bracketing blaOXA-58 gene. This is the first molecular description of an outbreak of OXA-58producing A. baumannii isolates in Turkey, further underlining the global spread of such carbapenemaseproducing strains in the Mediterranean area.
Design of large scale mobile advertising recommendation system

In this paper, we consider a mobile advertising recommendation system using item-based Top-N recommendation algorithm based on Hadoop framework and then propose a solution based on the Hadoop framework to build a distributed recommendation system. We also introduce advertising server into the system. Seller will pay for their advertising when it is clicked by users, so that this platform can make profit. We use data analysis algorithm based on MapReduce programming model to achieve good performance and high scalability. The experiments show that our system can improve efficient clearly.
Inhibition of Tumor‐induced Angiogenesis by a Synthetic Lipid A Analogue with Low Endotoxicity, DT‐5461

We investigated the effect of a synthetic lipid A analogue with low endotoxicity, DT‐5461, on the neovascularization induced by B16‐BL6 melanoma in syngenelc mice. A systemic single administration of DT‐5461 caused a marked decrease in the number of vessels oriented toward the tumor mass and in the tumor size during the early phase of vasculogenesis (on day 4 after tumor inoculation), with little or no inhibition in the following phases. Multiple i.v. administrations of DT‐5461 at intervals of 4 days (an effective schedule for inhibiting tumor metastasis) significantly reduced the number of capillary vessels and tumor growth over a period of 14 days after the tumor implantation. Multiple systemic administrations of DT‐5461 on days 1, 5 and 9 after tumor inoculation caused a high production of endogenous tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in tumor sites although this treatment modality induced a low production in serum of tumor‐bearing mice. Tumor homogenate from mice treated with DT‐5461 suppressed the proliferation of endothelium in vitro, whereas sera from animals given DT‐5461 had little effect. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effect of the tumor homogenate from mice treated with DT‐5461, was completely abrogated by anti‐mTNF‐α monoclonal antibody (mAb). The anti‐angiogenic effect of DT‐5461 was also completely abrogated by rabbit anti‐mouse tumor necrosis factor‐α (anti‐mTNF‐α) antiserum, whereas the inhibition of tumor growth by DT‐5461 was only slightly diminished. Tumor homogenate from mice treated with DT‐5461 suppressed the proliferation of endothelium in vitro, whereas sera from animals given DT‐5461 had little effect. Furthermore, the antiproliferative effect of the tumor homogenate from mice treated with DT‐5461 was completely neutralized by anti‐mTNF‐α mAb. Multiple i.v. administrations of DT‐5461 after s.c. implantation of B16‐BL6 cells significantly inhibited the growth of primary tumors measured at the time of tumor excision on day 21, and the lung metastasis of melanoma cells as compared with the untreated control in the spontaneous metastasis model. These results suggested that the suppressive effect upon tumor‐associated angiogenesis by DT‐5461 contributes in part to the inhibition of tumor metastasis.
Comparison of the power of four statistics in repeated measures design in the absence of sphericity with and without serial autocorrelation

The present article examines the behaviour of four univariate statistics for analyzing data in a mixed repeated measures design, the procedures of Greenhouse and Geisser (1959), of Lecoutre (1991), of Hearne, Clark and Hatch (1983) and of Jones (1985), which differ in how they approach the absence of sphericity, assuming either arbitrary correlation or serial autocorrelation. These four approaches were compared with respect to empirical power in conditions of multivariate normality and absence of normality, and of different underlying structures of covariance. Overall, when the distribution is normal, Monte Carlo comparisons indicate that when the matrix is stationary autoregressive or structured non-stationary autoregressive, the Lecoutre and Hearne et al. statistics are more powerful, the former enjoying slightly higher empirical power, with no large differences between the two in either direction of the autocorrelation (positive and negative first-order serial correlation). For an arbitrary non-stationary matrix, the Hearne et al. procedure is considerably more powerful than the Lecoutre statistic when the deviation of the sphericity is slight and severe, both in the two directions of the autocorrelation (positive and negative first-order serial cor relation) and when it is arbitrary (correlation=0). When the data are underlain by a non-normal distribution, the HCH procedure is that with the greatest empirical power when the serial correlation is positive, and the JN procedure when the serial correlation is negative whatever the underlying deviation matrix.
Microarchitectural simulation and control of di/dt-induced power supply voltage variation

As the power consumption of modern high-performance microprocessors increases beyond 100 W, power becomes an increasingly important design consideration. This paper presents a novel technique to simulate power supply voltage variation as a result of varying activity levels within the microprocessor when executing typical software. The voltage simulation capability may be added to existing microarchitecture simulators that determine the activities of each functional block on a clock-by-clock basis. We then discuss how the same technique can be implemented in logic on the microprocessor die to enable real-time computation of current consumption and power supply voltage. When used in a feedback loop, this logic makes it possible to control the microprocessor's activities to reduce demands on the power delivery system. With on-die voltage computation and di/dt control, we show that a significant reduction in power supply voltage variation may be achieved with little performance loss or average power increase.
A GTPase distinct from Ran is involved in nuclear protein import

Signal-dependent transport of proteins into the nucleus is a multi-step process mediated by nuclear pore complexes and cytosolic transport factors. One of the cytosolic factors, Ran, is the only GTPase that has a characterized role in the nuclear import pathway. We have used a mutant form of Ran with altered nucleotide binding specificity to investigate whether any other GTPases are involved in nuclear protein import. D125N Ran (XTP-Ran) binds specifically to xanthosine triphosphate (XTP) and has a greatly reduced affinity for GTP, so it is no longer sensitive to inhibition by nonhydrolyzable analogues of GTP such as guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S). using in vitro transport assays, we have found that nuclear import supported by XTP-Ran is nevertheless inhibited by the addition of non-hydrolyzable GTP analogues. This in conjunction with the properties of the inhibitory effect indicates that at least one additional GTPase is involved in the import process. Initial characterization suggests that the inhibited GTPase plays a direct role in protein import and could be a component of the nuclear pore complex.
Effects of Land Use on Lake Nutrients: The Importance of Scale, Hydrologic Connectivity, and Region

Catchment land uses, particularly agriculture and urban uses, have long been recognized as major drivers of nutrient concentrations in surface waters. However, few simple models have been developed that relate the amount of catchment land use to downstream freshwater nutrients. Nor are existing models applicable to large numbers of freshwaters across broad spatial extents such as regions or continents. This research aims to increase model performance by exploring three factors that affect the relationship between land use and downstream nutrients in freshwater: the spatial extent for measuring land use, hydrologic connectivity, and the regional differences in both the amount of nutrients and effects of land use on them. We quantified the effects of these three factors that relate land use to lake total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in 346 north temperate lakes in 7 regions in Michigan, USA. We used a linear mixed modeling framework to examine the importance of spatial extent, lake hydrologic class, and region on models with individual lake nutrients as the response variable, and individual land use types as the predictor variables. Our modeling approach was chosen to avoid problems of multi-collinearity among predictor variables and a lack of independence of lakes within regions, both of which are common problems in broad-scale analyses of freshwaters. We found that all three factors influence land use-lake nutrient relationships. The strongest evidence was for the effect of lake hydrologic connectivity, followed by region, and finally, the spatial extent of land use measurements. Incorporating these three factors into relatively simple models of land use effects on lake nutrients should help to improve predictions and understanding of land use-lake nutrient interactions at broad scales.
ACP: an interactive classroom response system for active learning environment

E-learning is an emerging approach to education reflected in new learning techniques such as active and cooperative learning. Supporting communication technologies such as web-based tools, mobile devises and smart classroom used for interactive learning often come with side-effects that can be disruptive to the normal flow of the learning and the teaching processes. The use of technology van be hindered by the learning curve associated with the technology used during the class, the distraction from the initial goals of the course, the risk of mixing-up material related to the course, and concepts associated with the tools used in class, and finally, the time and effort overhead required from participants in preparing and using these tools. Therefore, it becomes crucial to continue benefiting from the advances in cooperative and communication tools, and in the same time minimizing the incurred overhead. In this paper, we propose a new classroom assessment tool: Active Class Probe (ACP) which can be used in an active and cooperative environment. ACP's main goal is designed such as to maintain focus on the initial course's learning goals, and minimize the external distraction incurred by its use in the classroom.
Some Consequences of Paper Fingerprinting for Elections

Recent research has demonstrated that individual pieces of paper can be fingerprinted and reidentified later at low cost, using commodity scanners. We consider the consequences of this fact for electronic voting. The most obvious consequence is negative: the ability to fingerprint paper endangers the secrecy of ballots in any system that keeps paper records of individual ballots, including standard optical scan and DRE-VVPAT systems. We characterize the resulting risks and discuss when and how they can be mitigated. Less obviously, the ability to fingerprint paper can also have positive consequences, by enabling certain new kinds of post-election audit procedures, both to compare electronic records to the corresponding paper records and to detect the use of forged ballot stock. Paper reidentification presents new challenges for election officials, but careful consideration of its implications now may allow us to preserve ballot secrecy and strengthen election integrity.
The Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Genome Is Processed Differentially in its Plant Host Arachis hypogaea and its Thrips Vector Frankliniella fusca

Thrips-transmitted tospoviruses are economically important viruses affecting a wide range of field and horticultural crops worldwide. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the type member of the Tospovirus genus with a broad host range of more than 900 plant species. Interactions between these viruses and their plant hosts and insect vectors via RNAi pathways are likely a key determinant of pathogenicity. The current investigation, for the first time, compares biogenesis of small RNAs between the plant host and insect vector in the presence or absence of TSWV. Unique viral small interfering RNA (vsiRNA) profiles are evident for Arachis hypogaea (peanut) and Frankliniella fusca (thrips vector) following infection with TSWV. Differences between vsiRNA profiles for these plant and insect species, such as the relative abundance of 21 and 22 nt vsiRNAs and locations of alignment hotspots, reflect the diverse siRNA biosynthesis pathways of their respective kingdoms. The presence of unique vsiRNAs in F. fusca samples indicates that vsiRNA generation takes place within the thrips, and not solely through uptake via feeding on vsiRNAs produced in infected A. hypogaea. The study also shows key vsiRNA profile differences for TSWV among plant families, which are evident in the case of A. hypogaea, a legume, and members of Solanaceae (S. lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana). Distinctively, overall small RNA (sRNA) biogenesis in A. hypogaea is markedly affected with an absence of the 24 nt sRNAs in TSWV-infected plants, possibly leading to wide-spread molecular and phenotypic perturbations specific to this species. These findings add significant information on the host–virus–vector interaction in terms of RNAi pathways and may lead to better crop and vector specific control strategies.
Effects of Work Environment on Transfer of Training: Empirical Evidence from Master of Business Administration Programs in Vietnam

Practical application of newly gained knowledge and skills, also referred to as transfer of training, is an issue of great concern in training issues generally and in Master of Business Administration (MBA) programs particularly. This empirical study examined the influence of the trainees’ work environment on their transfer of training, taking into account the role of trainees’ transfer strategies. The study was conducted on 167 trainees from eight MBA programs in Vietnam in 2007–2008. Path analysis and structural equation modeling were applied to examine the effects of potential factors on transfer of training. The results showed that work environment factors such as supervisory support, job autonomy and preferred support (support as needed by the trainee) were significantly associated with the training transfer. Additionally, trainee's use of transfer strategies mediated the work environment and training transfer relationship.
Systems of distinct representatives and linear algebra

So me purposes of thi s paper are: (1) To take se riously the term , " term rank. " (2) To ma ke an issue of not " rea rra nging rows a nd colu mns" by not "a rranging" the m in the firs t place. (3) To promote the nu merica l use of Cra mer 's rul e. (4) To ill us tra te that the re levance of " numbe r of s teps" to "a mount of wo rk" depends on the amount of work in a step. (5) To ca ll a tt ention to the com puta tional as pec t of SDR's, an aspect where the subjec t di ffe rs fro m bein g an instance of fa milia r li near algebra. (6) To describe a n SDR in s ta nce of a theory on extre mal co mbi nato rics tha t uses linea r algebra in ve ry dif· fe rent ways than does to tall y unimodular theory. (The preceding paper, Optimum Branc hings, de· sc ribes another instanc e of tha t theory.)
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) variant B accounts for the majority of symptomatic primary HHV-6 infections in a population of U.S. infants

Two variants of human herpesvirus 6 were identified. To assess their epidemiology and disease association, we analyzed viral isolates and/or uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 76 infants with symptomatic primary infection. In 97% of cases, human herpesvirus 6 variant B was detected, but variant A was not.
Right hemisphere participation in aphasia recovery : a qualification of incongruous findings in the literature

Neuroplasticity research yields mixed results for the differential contribution of perilesional and contralesional brain areas to language recovery in aphasia. This paper will outline variables that mediate the presence and degree of right hemisphere activity and may account for some of the inconsistent research findings. Factors include the site and size of left hemisphere lesions, the phase of recovery, and the language task type and complexity. The performance accuracy of tasks also will be explored to further qualify the nature of homologous activity. Results found right hemisphere activation to be modulated by the damage and preservation of specific brain areas as well as by the presence of large left hemisphere lesions. Right hemisphere activity also was more consistently evident in the acute phase of recovery and returned to the left hemisphere in the chronic stage. Additionally, homologous areas tended to be
Wip1 Deficiency Promotes Neutrophil Recruitment to the Infection Site and Improves Sepsis Outcome

Sepsis is defined as an uncontrolled host response to infection, and no specific therapy or drugs have been used in clinical trials currently. Discovering new therapeutic targets for sepsis treatment has always been a central problem in the field of sepsis research. Neutrophils stand at the first line in controlling infection and have been identified to be dysregulated with impaired migration and antimicrobial function during sepsis. Based on our previous results on demonstrating wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 in controlling neutrophil development, we explored the possible relationship among Wip1, neutrophils, and sepsis in the present study. Wip1-deficient mice exhibited improved outcomes in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model with enhanced bacterial clearance and less multi-organ damage. The protection seen in Wip1 KO mice was mainly due to an increased accumulation of neutrophils in the primary infectious locus mediated by the decreased internalization of CXCR2, as well as by an increased antimicrobial function. Additionally, we also identified a negative correlation between CXCR2 and Wip1 in human neutrophils during sepsis. Pharmacological inhibition of Wip1 with its inhibitor can also prevent the internalization of CXCR2 on human neutrophils treated with lipopolysaccharides in vitro and significantly improve the outcome in CLP-induced sepsis model. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Wip1 can negatively regulate neutrophil migration and antimicrobial immunity during sepsis and inhibition of Wip1 can be a potential therapeutic target for sepsis treatment.