Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aphids evolved novel secreted proteins for symbiosis with bacterial endosymbiont

Aphids evolved novel cells, called bacteriocytes, that differentiate specifically to harbour the obligatory mutualistic endosymbiotic bacteria Buchnera aphidicola. The genome of the host aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum contains many orphan genes that display no similarity with genes found in other sequenced organisms, prompting us to hypothesize that some of these orphan genes are related to lineage-specific traits, such as symbiosis. We conducted deep sequencing of bacteriocytes mRNA followed by whole mount in situ hybridizations of over-represented transcripts encoding aphid-specific orphan proteins. We identified a novel class of genes that encode small proteins with signal peptides, which are often cysteine-rich, that are over-represented in bacteriocytes. These genes are first expressed at a developmental time point coincident with the incorporation of symbionts strictly in the cells that contribute to the bacteriocyte and this bacteriocyte-specific expression is maintained throughout the aphid's life. The expression pattern suggests that recently evolved secretion proteins act within bacteriocytes, perhaps to mediate the symbiosis with beneficial bacterial partners, which is reminiscent of the evolution of novel cysteine-rich secreted proteins of leguminous plants that regulate nitrogen-fixing endosymbionts.
THE IMPACT OF VISUAL PERCEPTION SKILLS TRAINING ON READING PERFORMANCE IN STUDENTS WITH DYSLEXIA

دركلمع دوبهب ر��ب ييانيب كاردا ياه تراهم شزو��مآ ی��شخبرثا نييعت ،هعلاطم نيا فده :فد�ه . دوش یم نتم رد تغل یسانشزاب و نتم كرد لما��ش هک تسا ناوخا��سران نازومآ شناد ندناوخ اب هک تسا رباربان دهاش هورگ حرط زين قيقحت حرط و يشيامزآ همين عون زا رضاح شهوژپ :شور ناوخاسران نازومآ شناد زا هرفن 30 هورگ ود رد هديچيپ ريواصت و نتم ندناوخ یاه نومزآ ماجنا هدش باختنا یيادتبا سرادم نايم زا یا هلحرمدنچ یا هشوخ یريگ هنومن اب هک ناتسبد موس سلاک فلاتخا ی��سررب یارب و لقت��سم یاه هنومن رد t نومزآ زا اه هداد ليلحت یارب . د��ش ماجنا ،دندوب نيب شهوژپ جياتن :اه‌ هتفای‌. دش هدافت��سا یيامزآزاب زا )دها��ش و شيامزآ( هورگ ود یاه نيگنايم ؛)p<0/05( داد ناشن یرادانعم توافت دها��ش و شيامزآ هورگ ود نومزآ سپ و نومزآ شيپ تارمن ياه تراهم شزومآ تحت نومزآ شيپ زا دعب هک یناوخاسران نازومآ شناد تارمن هک تروص نيا هب ياه تراهم شزومآ ،رگيد ترا��بع هب . دوب رت��شيب نومزآ سپ رد ،دندوب هتفرگ رارق ي��يانيب كاردا ناشن نينچمه جياتن . د��ش ناوخا��سران نازومآ شناد ندناوخ دركلمع دوبهب بجوم ييانيب كاردا دوبهب ار ناوخا��سران نازومآ شناد ندناوخ دركلمع یيانيب كاردا یاه تراهم شزومآ هک دنهد یم ناوخاسران نازومآ شناد یياناوت دناوت یم یيانيب كاردا یاه تراهم تيوقت هک نيا نمض . دشخب یم یاه تراهم شزومآ نوچ ‌ :یریگ‌ هجیتن . دهد شيازفا نتم رد تغل ی��سانشزاب و بلطم كرد رد ار یياناوت رد نآ عبت هب و دشخب یم دوبهب ار ناوخا��سران نازومآ شناد ندناوخ دركلمع یيانيب كاردا شزومآ یارب تسا یبسانم شور ،دروآ یم ديدپ یا هظحلام لباق تفرشيپ اهنآ بلطم كرد و ندناوخ . دنراد لكشم یيانيب كاردا ۀنيمز رد هک یناوخاسران نازومآ شناد ۀمه
Prognostic Value of Serum Caspase-Cleaved Cytokeratin-18 Levels before Liver Transplantation for One-Year Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cytokeratin (CK)-18 is the major intermediate filament protein in the liver and during hepatocyte apoptosis is cleaved by the action of caspases; the resulting fragments are released into the blood as caspase-cleaved cytokeratin (CCCK)-18. Higher circulating levels of CCCK-18 have been found in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than in healthy controls and than in cirrhotic patients. However, it is unknown whether serum CCCK-18 levels before liver transplantation (LT) in patients with HCC could be used as a prognostic biomarker of one-year survival, and this was the objective of our study with 135 patients. At one year after LT, non-survivors showed higher serum CCCK-18 levels than survivors (p = 0.001). On binary logistic regression analysis, serum CCCK-18 levels >384 U/L were associated with death at one year (odds ratio = 19.801; 95% confidence interval = 5.301–73.972; p < 0.001) after controlling for deceased donor age. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of serum CCCK-18 levels to predict death at one year was 77% (95% CI = 69%–84%; p < 0.001). The new finding of our study was that serum levels of CCCK-18 before LT in patients with HCC could be used as prognostic biomarker of survival.
The Effect of Social Media Marketing Content on Consumer Engagement: Evidence from Facebook

We investigate the effect of social media content on customer engagement using a large-scale field study on Facebook. We content-code more than 100,000 unique messages across 800 companies engaging with users on Facebook using a combination of Amazon Mechanical Turk and state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing algorithms. We use this large-scale database of content attributes to test the effect of social media marketing content on subsequent user engagement--defined as Likes and comments--with the messages. We develop methods to account for potential selection biases that arise from Facebook's filtering algorithm, EdgeRank, that assigns messages non-randomly to users. We find that inclusion of persuasive content--like emotional and philanthropic content--increases engagement with a message. We find that informative content--like mentions of prices, availability, and product features--reduce engagement when included in messages in isolation, but increase engagement when provided in combination with persuasive attributes. Persuasive content thus seems to be the key to effective engagement. Our results inform content design strategies in social media, and the methodology we develop to content-code large-scale textual data provides a framework for future studies on unstructured natural language data such as advertising content or product reviews.
Design and Architecture of a Portable User Agent in SIP Collaboration Systems

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system has become a basic and powerful tool in large enterprises. It provides the function to integrate all kinds of resource compactly in an organization, which is crucial to enterprise operation. In addition, a popular technology, voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), allows users to have real-time communication through the Internet. In this paper, we propose an architectural solution to integrate the VoIP service to an existing ERP system.
Non-isotopic symplectic tori in the same homology class

For any pair of integers n > 1 and q > 2, we construct an infinite family of mutually non-isotopic symplectic tori representing the homology class q[F] of an elliptic surface E(n), where [F] is the homology class of the fiber. We also show how such families can be non-isotopically and symplectically embedded into a more general class of symplectic 4-manifolds.
A 3D Flexible and Tangible Magic Lens in Augmented Reality

The Magic Lens concept is a focus and context technique which facilitates the visualization of complex and dense data. In this paper, we propose a new type of 3D tangible Magic Lens in the form of a flexible sheet. We describe new interaction techniques associated with this tool, and demonstrate how it can be applied in different AR applications.
A In-depth Simulation Study of CMOS Inverters Based on the Novel Surrounding Gate Transistors

The main features of CMOS inverters based on the novel surrounding gate transistors (SGT) have been analyzed. A Verilog-A compact model for the SGT has been implemented in a circuit simulator to study both analog and digital circuits. In particular, CMOS inverter gate delays, CMOS inverter ring oscillator frequencies, etc., have been obtained in order characterize the relations between the most representative technological parameters of the transistors and the inverter performance. The transient response of a ring oscillator is investigated to explore the scaling possibilities of these devices.
Intrinsic gene changes determine the successful establishment of stable renal cancer cell lines from tumor tissue

Human tumor cell lines, especially those with complete data and follow‐up, are important tools in tumor biological studies. Clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) is not sensitive to radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and treatment of patients with distant metastasis relies on targeted therapy. Here, we report the establishment of seven new ccRCC stable cell lines that were continuously cultured for more than 20 generations among 81 cases of renal cell cancer. Moreover, gene expression and methylation in the established cell lines, in those that had a finite in vitro life span of less than 10 generations, and in cells that originated from the same culture at different generations were profiled using microarrays. Genes including SLC34A2, SEPP1, SULT1C4 and others were differentially expressed in established cell lines and finite cell lines, and changes in their expression might be caused by methylation or demethylation. The expression level of SLC34A2 was related not only to the life span in vitro culture but also to tumor size. Additionally, six of the seven new ccRCC cell lines had VHL deletions or termination mutations. So in addition to the establishment of seven new ccRCC cell lines with complete clinical data, we conclude that genes such as SLC34A2 and VHL play key roles in the continuous in vitro growth and development of ccRCC.
Body mass index as a predictor for mild cognitive impairment

OF THE THESIS Body Mass Index as a Predictor for Mild Cognitive Impairment by Kimberly Susan De Vera Master of Public Health with a Concentration in Epidemiology San Diego State University, 2015 Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition characterized by cognitive decline that is not part of the normal aging process yet does not constitute dementia. Studies suggest that MCI risk increases with age, however there is less certainty regarding modifiable risk factors, such as body mass index (BMI). The purpose of this study was to primarily examine the association between incident MCI and BMI, with a secondary interest in the effect of ethnicity. This survival analysis drew data from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (ADRC) Longitudinal Study. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to investigate the relationship between incident MCI and BMI, in addition to its association with ethnicity, age, apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) allele presence, sex, family history of dementia, history of diabetes, Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) score, and Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) score. Of the 339 Normal Controls enrolled in the ADRC Longitudinal Study and met analysis criteria, 59 (17%) developed MCI within the study period. Among participants, 137 (40.4%) were considered underweight or normal, 131 (38.6%) were considered overweight, and 71 (20.9%) were considered obese. In the bivariate and multivariable analyses, BMI was not found to be significantly associated with incident MCI prior to adding a BMI x ethnicity interaction term. Age and APOE ɛ4 presence, however, were significantly associated with the outcome individually (p<0.005 and p<0.05, respectively) and after controlling for other covariates in the final model (p<0.001 and p<0.005, respectively). Additionally, the interaction between BMI and ethnicity was significantly associated with MCI risk. Among non-Hispanics, those who were obese were 2.34 times more likely to develop MCI compared to those who fell into the normal or underweight BMI category (p=0.0127, 95% CI 1.06-5.17), after adjusting for age and APOE ɛ4 presence. However, an opposite effect was determined in Hispanics. Among Hispanics, those who fell within the underweight or normal BMI category were 3.57 times more likely to develop MCI compared to those who were obese (p=0.0127, 95% CI 0.81-14.29). Further investigation into this BMI-ethnicity relationship is needed to better understand how BMI affects MCI risk.
Adaptive Energy Reservation MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Distinguishing with the radio frequency (RF) communication for the terrestrial wireless sensor net-works, the peculiarity of acoustic communication in underwater environment causes many issues of energy consumption, propagation delay, time synchronization and other factors when designing the sensor network. The MAC protocol, which plays an important role of managing and controlling the channels, should overcome these requirements in the underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASNs). In this paper, we proposed a new MAC protocol called adaptive energy reservation MAC (AER-MAC) protocol which exploits the transmission signal strength related to a distance concept in order to make the network transmission schedule. Since, the underwater acoustic communication channels are characterized by a path loss and absorption loss that depend on the distance between the transmitter and receiver. Therefore, a sensor node can send a reservation packet with a power value in which other nodes in the calculation range can receipt this packet.
A survey on localization of Wireless Sensor nodes

Localization is extensively used in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to identify the current location of the sensor nodes. A WSN consist of thousands of nodes that make the installation of GPS on each sensor node expensive and moreover GPS will not provide exact localization results in an indoor environment. Manually configuring location reference on each sensor node is also not possible in the case of dense network This gives rise to a problem where the sensor nodes must identify its current location without using any special hardware like GPS and without the help of manual configuration. Localization techniques make the deployment of WSNs economical. Most of the localization techniques are carried out with the help of anchor node or beacon node, which knows its present location. Based on the location information provided by the anchor node or beacon node, other nodes localize themselves. In this paper we present a succinct survey on the localization techniques used in wireless sensor networks covering its problems and research gap.
A Mixed Integer Model for the Stamina-Aware Sightseeing Tour Problem

Personal navigation systems have experienced a rising interest in the past few years thanks to the ever-increasing ubiquity of smartphones and in-car navigation systems. In their simplest forms, the goal is to calculate routes that are optimized with respect to criteria such as travel time and distance. Various systems have been proposed that allow for additional dynamic aspects to be included in the optimization process such as a user’s current context [1], multimodal transportation [2] and weather [3]. The stamina-aware sightseeing tour problem (SASTP) was first proposed by Wu et al. [4] and is defined as follows: Given is a tourist with a time and stamina budget and a number of sightseeing spots. Each spot can be visited by using one of several available methods (e.g., short tour, guided tour, extensive tour, etc.) and each method requires a certain amount of time and stamina, but gives a certain degree of satisfaction in return. Traveling between sightseeing spots takes time and also consumes stamina. After visiting a spot, the tourist may spend some time to take a break and regain stamina. The goal is to construct a sightseeing tour that contains a selection of spots with corresponding visiting methods that maximizes the tourist’s overall satisfaction and does not exceed his time and stamina budget. In [4] a predator search (PS) metaheuristic was proposed for this problem. Solutions are represented in a straightforward way by a set of quadruples, each specifying the spot to be visited, the order in the final tour, the visiting method, and the length of the break after the visit. The algorithm uses two phases: First an auxiliary solution is generated on the basis of a randomized algorithm. Then it is improved by a neighborhood search phase that optimizes each of the solution attributes. A drawback of this approach is that the search space is very large, therefore only instances with 10 to 20 sightseeing spots were considered.
THE FUNCTIONAL DISSECTION OF AN ANTIGEN MOLECULE: SPECIFICITY OF HUMORAL AND CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES TO GLUCAGON

Bovine glucagon, a polypeptide of 29 amino acids, was immunogenic in guinea pigs. The immunologic determinants of glucagon were investigated using isolated tryptic peptides of the hormone. Antibodies from virtually all of more than two dozen animals had specificity primarily for the amino-terminal heptadecapeptide (NM) and showed little or no binding with the carboxy-terminal undeca- and dodecapeptides (C). The smallest synthetic peptide of a series initiated at residue 16 which measurably bound antibody comprised residues 5–16 of glucagon. In cellular immune assays, both NM and C elicited delayed cutaneous reactions and inhibited the migration of peritoneal cells from immune animals. However, only intact glucagon and its C fragment stimulated lymphoid cells to synthesize DNA. While glucagon was somewhat more active than C, the addition of NM to C did not enhance its transforming activity. The smallest synthetic carboxy-terminal peptide with discernible transforming activity comprised residues 19–29 of glucagon. In both native and synthetic C peptide preparations, the undecapeptide was generally more active than the dodecapeptide, although cells from different animals gave different response patterns. The difference between the two is the presence of arginine at the amino-terminus of the peptide chain. Thus, the recognition specificity of populations of antigen-reactive cells from different animals displays a variation which is at least superficially analogous to that of populations of antibody molecules. In limited experiments using NM and C peptides as immunogens, neither gave rise to delayed hypersensitivity or to glucagon-binding circulating antibody, following a regimen which invariably provoked these responses when glucagon itself served as the immunogen. These results indicate that glucagon was cleaved by trypsin along functional lines into two parts, one of which housed the major antigenic determinant and the other of which carried the major immunogenic determinant, and they are highly compatible with a two-cell mechanism of immune induction. An apparent dissociation between the capacity to provoke delayed hypersensitivity reactions and to transform antigen-reactive cells in culture was observed.
Citrobacter diversus isolated from clinical material

Forty-seven strains of Citrobacter diversus were isolated during a 12-month period from clinical material obtained from patients in a general hospital in Israel. The majority of cultures (38) were recovered from urine and wound discharges. There was one case of septicemia. The biochemical reactions of all cultures were typical for this species, except one that was anaerogenic, and they could be divided into five biotypes (a through e). Thirty-nine strains were identified serologically and found to belong to one of seven O groups described by Gross and Rowe (1974). All cultures were sensitive to tetracycline and nalidixic acid. All strains were resistant to carbenicillin and ampicillin and produced beta-lactamase.
Consistent Order Estimation and Minimal Penalties

Consider an i.i. d. sequence of random variables whose distribution f* lies in one of the nested families of models Mq, q ≥ 1. The smallest index q* such that Mq* contains f* is called the model order. The aim of this paper is to explore the consistency properties of penalized likelihood model order estimators such as Bayesian information criterion. We show in a general setting that the minimal strongly consistent penalty is of order η(q)loglogn, where η(q) is a dimensional quantity. In contrast to previous work, an a priori upper bound on the model order is not assumed. The results rely on a sharp characterization of the pathwise fluctuations of the generalized likelihood ratio statistic under entropy assumptions on the model classes. Our results are applied to the geometrically complex problem of location mixture order estimation, which is widely used but poorly understood.
PowerGraph: Distributed Graph-Parallel Computation on Natural Graphs

Large-scale graph-structured computation is central to tasks ranging from targeted advertising to natural language processing and has led to the development of several graph-parallel abstractions including Pregel and GraphLab. However, the natural graphs commonly found in the real-world have highly skewed power-law degree distributions, which challenge the assumptions made by these abstractions, limiting performance and scalability. In this paper, we characterize the challenges of computation on natural graphs in the context of existing graph-parallel abstractions. We then introduce the PowerGraph abstraction which exploits the internal structure of graph programs to address these challenges. Leveraging the PowerGraph abstraction we introduce a new approach to distributed graph placement and representation that exploits the structure of power-law graphs. We provide a detailed analysis and experimental evaluation comparing PowerGraph to two popular graph-parallel systems. Finally, we describe three different implementation strategies for PowerGraph and discuss their relative merits with empirical evaluations on large-scale real-world problems demonstrating order of magnitude gains.
Cloning and characterization of the hemA region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome

A 3.8-kilobase DNA fragment from Bacillus subtilis containing the hemA gene has been cloned and sequenced. Four open reading frames were identified. The first is hemA, encoding a protein of 50.8 kilodaltons. The primary defect of a B. subtilis 5-aminolevulinic acid-requiring mutant was identified as a cysteine-to-tyrosine substitution in the HemA protein. The predicted amino acid sequence of the B. subtilis HemA protein showed 34% identity with the Escherichia coli HemA protein, which is known to code for the NAD(P)H:glutamyl-tRNA reductase of the C5 pathway for 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis. The B. subtilis HemA protein also complements the defect of an E. coli hemA mutant. The second open reading frame in the cloned fragment, called ORF2, codes for a protein of about 30 kilodaltons with unknown function. It is not the proposed hemB gene product porphobilinogen synthase. The third open reading frame is hemC, coding for porphobilinogen deaminase. The fourth open reading frame extends past the sequenced fragment and may be identical to hemD, coding for uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase. Analysis of deletion mutants of the hemA region suggests that (at least) hemA, ORF2, and hemC may be part of an operon.
Two new aromatic acids from Clerodendrum formicarum Gürke (Lamiaceae) of Cameroon

The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Clerodendrum formicarum, a Lameacious plant of Cameroon, afforded two new salicylic acid derivatives named formoic acids A and B along with four known constituents which have been obtained for the first time from this source. They include flemingipanic acid, martynoside, verbascoside, and seguinoside K. Structures of all the isolated constituents have been elucidated with the aid of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques.