Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploring entity recognition and disambiguation for cultural heritage collections

Unstructured metadata fields such as ‘description’ offer tremendous value for users to understand cultural heritage objects. However, this type of narrative information is of little direct use within a machine-readable context due to its unstructured nature. This article explores the possibilities and limitations of named-entity recognition (NER) and term extraction (TE) to mine such unstructured metadata for meaningful concepts. These concepts can be used to leverage otherwise limited searching and browsing operations, but they can also play an important role to foster Digital Humanities research. To catalyze experimentation with NER and TE, the article proposes an evaluation of the performance of three third-party entity extraction services through a comprehensive case study, based on the descriptive fields of the Smithsonian Cooper–Hewitt National Design Museum in New York. To cover both NER and TE, we first offer a quantitative analysis of named entities retrieved by the services in terms of precision and recall compared with a manually annotated gold-standard corpus, and then complement this approach with a more qualitative assessment of relevant terms extracted. Based on the outcomes of this double analysis, the conclusions present the added value of entity extraction services, but also indicate the dangers of uncritically using NER and/or TE, and by extension Linked Data principles, within the Digital Humanities. All metadata and tools used within the article are freely available, making it possible for researchers and practitioners to repeat the methodology. By doing so, the article offers a significant contribution towards understanding the value of entity recognition and disambiguation for the Digital Humanities.
OntoAgent: A platform for the declarative specification of agents

This paper presents a detailed description of our OntoAgent framework. It allows a software agent to be specified entirely using standard mark-up languages from the Semantic Web community, namely RDF, RDF Schema, and RuleML [2]. The basic agent components are identified and their implementation using relational databases and Java technology is described. The agents communicate via standard Internet protocols. Furthermore, we suggest action rules that allow agents to become active spontaneously, as well as a framework for interfacing the agents with intelligent applications that can perform learning algorithms or other complex tasks.
Physical mechanism of anisotropic sensitivity in pentaerythritol tetranitrate from compressive-shear reaction dynamics simulations

We propose computational protocol (compressive shear reactive dynamics) utilizing the ReaxFF reactive force field to study chemical initiation under combined shear and compressive load. We apply it to predict the anisotropic initiation sensitivity observed experimentally for shocked pentaerythritol tetranitrate single crystals. For crystal directions known to be sensitive we find large stress overshoots and fast temperature increase that result in early bond-breaking processes whereas insensitive directions exhibit small stress overshoot, lower temperature increase, and little bond dissociation. These simulations confirm the model of steric hindrance to shear and capture the thermochemical processes dominating the phenomena of shear-induced chemical initiation.
Synthesis and Cytotoxicity against K562 Cells of 3-O-Angeloyl-20-O-acetyl Ingenol, a Derivative of Ingenol Mebutate

Ingenol mebutate possesses significant cytotoxicity and is clinically used to treat actinic keratosis. However, ingenol mebutate undergoes acyl migration which affects its bioactivity. Compound 3-O-angeloyl-20-O-acetyl ingenol (AAI, also known as 20-O-acetyl-ingenol-3-angelate or PEP008) is a synthetic derivative of ingenol mebutate. In this work, we report the AAI synthesis details and demonstrate AAI has higher cytotoxicity than ingenol mebutate in a chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cell line. Our data indicate that the increased activity of AAI originates from the improved intracellular stability of AAI rather than the increased binding affinity between AAI and the target protein protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ). AAI inhibits cell proliferation, induces G2/M phase arrest, disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential, and stimulates apoptosis, as well as necrosis in K562 cells. Similar to ingenol mebutate, AAI activates PKCδ and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), and inactivates protein kinase B (AKT). Furthermore, AAI also inhibits JAK/STAT3 pathway. Altogether, our studies show that ingenol derivative AAI is cytotoxic to K562 cells and modulates PKCδ/ERK, JAK/STAT3, and AKT signaling pathways. Our work suggests that AAI may be a new candidate of chemotherapeutic agent.
Impaired neutrophil response and CD4+ T helper cell 1 development in interleukin 6-deficient mice infected with Candida albicans

To define the role of interleukin (IL)6 in Candida albicans infection, IL-6 deficient mice were assessed for susceptibility to systemic or gastrointestinal infection, as well as for parameters of elicited T helper cell (Th) immunity. IL-6-deficient mice were more susceptible than wild-type mice to either type of infection caused by virulent C. albicans. In response to systemic challenge with a live vaccine strain of yeast, IL-6-deficient mice failed to mount Th1-associated protective immunity, but the resulting Th2-biased response could be redirected to the Th1 phenotype by IL-10 neutralization. Severe impairment of the macrophage and neutrophil response to infection was observed in IL-6- deficient mice, but administration of IL-6 would increase both neutrophil response and resistance to infection. IL-6 seems to oppose the Th2-promoting role of IL-10 in candidiasis, its early regulatory activity involving effects on neutrophil function.
FAK/PYK2 promotes the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and intestinal tumorigenesis by phosphorylating GSK3β

Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an unequivocal role in colorectal cancer, but identification of effective Wnt inhibitors for use in cancer remains a tremendous challenge. New insights into the regulation of this pathway could reveal new therapeutic point of intervention, therefore are greatly needed. Here we report a novel FAK/PYK2/GSK3βY216/β-catenin regulation axis: FAK and PYK2, elevated in adenomas in APCmin/+ mice and in human colorectal cancer tissues, functioned redundantly to promote the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by phosphorylating GSK3βY216 to reinforce pathway output—β-catenin accumulation and intestinal tumorigenesis. We previously showed that Wnt-induced β-catenin accumulation requires Wnt-induced GSK3β/β-TrCP interaction; the current study revealed that phosphorylation of GSK3βY216 was a molecular determinant of GSK3β recruitment of β-TrCP. Pharmacological inhibition of FAK/PYK2 suppressed adenoma formation in APCmin/+ mice accompanied with reduced intestinal levels of phospho-GSK3βY216 and β-catenin, indicating that FAK/PYK2/GSK3βY216 axis is critical for the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in APC driven intestinal tumorigenesis. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.10072. 001
Performance and Energy Analysis of the Restricted Transactional Memory Implementation on Haswell

Hardware transactional memory implementations are becoming increasingly available. For instance, the Intel Core i7 4770 implements Restricted Transactional Memory (RTM) support for Intel Transactional Synchronization Extensions (TSX). In this paper, we present a detailed evaluation of RTM performance and energy expenditure. We compare RTM behavior to that of the TinySTM software transactional memory system, first by running micro benchmarks, and then by running the STAMP benchmark suite. We find that which system performs better depends heavily on the workload characteristics. We then conduct a case study of two STAMP applications to assess the impact of programming style on RTM performance and to investigate what kinds of software optimizations can help overcome RTM's hardware limitations.
Can Small Free Methane Clusters Exhibit Phase-like Transitions?

Low-temperature (below 60K) phase changes of free clusters containing 50, 137, and 229 methane molecules have been observed in isoenergetic Molecular Dynamics computations. Bulk solid methane exhibits structural phase transformation at 20.4 K. However, clusters of 50 molecules already melt at about 25 K, which makes the observation of solid-solid transformations rather challenging. Molecular Dynamics calculations of isoenergetic free methane clusters show that they exhibit transformations from an orientationally-ordered (~ 10K) and a disordered phase (above 20K). There is no hysteresis in the cooling-heating regime - a signal for continuous transition.
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds. III. Period-Luminosity-Color and Period-Luminosity Relations of Classical Cepheids

We present Period-Luminosity-Color and Period-Luminosity relations of classical Cepheids constructed for about 1280 Cepheids from the LMC and 2140 from the SMC. High quality BVI observations (120-360 epochs in the I-band and 15-40 in the BV-bands) were collected during the OGLE-II microlensing experiment. The I-band diagrams of the LMC show very small scatter, \sigma=0.074 mag, indicating that Cepheid variables can potentially be a very good standard candle. We compare relations of fundamental mode Cepheids from the LMC and SMC and we do not find significant differences of slopes of the Period-Luminosity- Color and Period-Luminosity relations in these galaxies. For the first overtone Cepheids a small change of the slope of Period-Luminosity relation is possible. We determine the difference of distance moduli between the SMC and LMC with Cepheid relations and compare the result with difference obtained with other standard candles: RR Lyr and red clump stars. Results are very consistent and indicate that the values of zero points of the fundamental mode Cepheid relations are similar in these galaxies. The mean difference of distance moduli between the SMC and LMC is equal to \mu_SMC-\mu_LMC=0.51\pm0.03 mag. We calibrate the Period-Luminosity-Color and Period-Luminosity relations for classical, fundamental mode Cepheids using the observed LMC relations and adopting the short LMC distance modulus, \mu_LMC=18.22\pm0.05 mag, resulting from the recent determination with eclipsing system HV2274, RR Lyr and red clump stars and consistent with observations of Cepheids in NGC4258 galaxy, to which precise geometric distance is known. Finally, we determine a constraint on the absolute magnitude of Cepheids by comparison of their mean V-band magnitude with that of RR Lyr stars in both Magellanic Clouds.
Stability of hybrid model predictive control

In this paper we investigate the stability of hybrid systems in closed-loop with Model Predictive Controllers (MPC) and we derive a priori sufficient conditions for Lyapunov asymptotic stability and exponential stability. A general theory is presented which proves that Lyapunov stability is achieved for both terminal cost and constraint set and terminal equality constraint hybrid MPC, even though the considered Lyapunov function and the system dynamics may be discontinuous. For particular choices of MPC criteria and constrained Piecewise Affine (PWA) systems as the prediction models we develop novel algorithms for computing the terminal cost and the terminal constraint set. For a quadratic MPC cost, the stabilization conditions translate into a linear matrix inequality while, for an 1-norm based MPC cost, they are obtained as 1-norm inequalities. It is shown that by using 1-norms, the terminal constraint set is automatically obtained as a polyhedron or a finite union of polyhedra by taking a sublevel set of the calculated terminal cost function. New algorithms are developed for calculating polyhedral or piecewise polyhedral positively invariant sets for PWA systems. In this manner, the on-line optimization problem leads to a mixed integer quadratic programming problem or to a mixed integer linear programming problem, which can be solved by standard optimization tools. Several examples illustrate the effectiveness of the developed methodology.
Behavioral State Modulates the Activity of Brainstem Sensorimotor Neurons

Sensorimotor processing must be modulated according to the animal's behavioral state. A previous study demonstrated that motion responses were strongly state dependent in birds. Vestibular eye and head responses were significantly larger and more compensatory during simulated flight, and a flight-specific vestibular tail response was also characterized. In the current study, we investigated the neural substrates for these state-dependent vestibular behaviors by recording extracellularly from neurons in the vestibular nuclear complex and comparing their spontaneous activity and sensory responses during default and simulated flight states. We show that motion-sensitive neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus are state dependent. Some neurons increased their spontaneous firing rates during flight, though their increased excitability was not reflected in higher sensory gains. However, other neurons exhibited state-dependent gating of sensory inputs, responding to rotational stimuli only during flight. These results demonstrate that vestibular processing in the brainstem is state dependent and lay the foundation for future studies to investigate the synaptic mechanisms responsible for these modifications.
BUOYANT BUBBLES IN INTRACLUSTER GAS: EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS AND ANISOTROPIC VISCOSITY

Recent observations by Chandra and XMM-Newton indicate that there are complex structures at the cores of galaxy clusters, such as cavities and filaments. One plausible model for the formation of such structures is the interaction of radio jets with the intracluster medium (ICM). To investigate this idea, we use three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations including anisotropic (Braginskii) viscosity to study the effect of magnetic fields on the evolution and morphology of buoyant bubbles in the ICM. We investigate a range of different initial magnetic field geometries and strengths, and study the resulting X-ray surface brightness distribution for comparison to observed clusters. Magnetic tension forces and viscous transport along field lines tend to suppress instabilities parallel, but not perpendicular, to field lines. Thus, the evolution of the bubble depends strongly on the initial field geometry. We find that toroidal field loops initially confined to the interior of the bubble are best able to reproduce the observed cavity structures.
Adaptive downlink multi-user MISO transmission systems exploiting statistical channel state information

In this paper, we investigate the ergodic sum rate for multiple-input single-output(MISO) downlink multi-user systems. We assume that each user has perfect channel state information( CSI), while the base station has only statistical CSI of all users. We derive an approximation of the ergodic sum rate. Then, new scheduling and statistical beamforming space division multiple access(SDMA) transmission are derived through maximizing the approximation. The proposed algorithm are shown to perform well.
2016 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Identifying Trolls and Determining Terror Awareness Level in Social Networks Using a Scalable Framework

—Trolls in social media are 'malicious' users trying to propagate an opinion or distort the general perceptions. Identifying trolls in social media is a task of interest for many big data applications since data cannot be analyzed effectively without eliminating such users from the crowd. In this paper, we present a solution for troll detection and also the results of measuring terror awareness among social media users. We used Twitter platform only, and applied several machine learning techniques and big data methodologies. For machine learning we used k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN), Naive Bayes, and C4.5 decision tree algorithms. Hadoop/Mahout and Hadoop/Hive platforms were used for big data processing. Our tests show that C4.5 has a better performance on troll detection.
Neuronal Correlates of View Representation Revealed by Face-View Aftereffect

Recognition of face-views is a crucial component of our social behavior. However, little is known about the neuronal basis of face-view recognition. Recent psychophysical studies have shown that adaptation to a particular face-view changes perception of other views in humans. To understand the neuronal basis of face-view representation and the mechanisms involved in face-view adaptation, we studied the responses of inferotemporal (IT) cortex neurons before and after face-view adaptation. We first used face-view adaptation to show that monkeys, as well as humans, exhibit face-view aftereffect, suggesting the presence of a view-sensitive representation in primates. Then, we recorded from IT neurons of monkeys and found that changes in responses of these neurons can account for changes in perception of face views attributable to adaptation, indicating IT as a neural correlate of face-view perception. More importantly, we provide evidence that IT neurons with wide-view tuning not only conveyed face-view information but also exhibited neural signatures of view aftereffect before neurons with narrower tuning. Our findings show that view-dependent representation of objects does not necessarily depend on narrow-tuned neurons. The finding that wide-view tuned neurons account for view-specific perceptual changes implies the importance of accumulating sensitivity and tolerance at the level of IT neurons, as the final stage of visual object recognition.
REACT Fits to Linear Models and Scatterplots

REACT estimators for the mean of a linear model involve three steps transforming the model to a canonical form that provides an economical representation of the unknown mean vector estimating the risks of a class of candidate linear shrinkage estimators and adaptively selecting the candidate estimator that minimizes estimated risk When the mean vector is smooth the desired canonical form of the linear model is achieved by constructing a smooth orthogonal basis for the regression space Such a smooth basis for a complete balanced one way layout is asymptotically equivalent to the discrete cosine basis Applied to one or higher way layouts the REACT method generates automatic scatterplot smoothers that compete well on standard data sets with the best ts obtained by alternative techniques Historical precursors to REACT include nested model selection ridge regression and nested principal component selection for the linear model However REACT s insistence on working with an economical basis greatly increases its supere ciency relative to the least squares t A secondary improvement stems from REACT s use of exible monotone shrinkage rather than shrinkage of components Both improvements are demonstrated numerically on data sets and theoretically through Pinsker bounds for minimax risk in the estimation problem
Thesis proposal : Exposing the Shape of Data

I propose to write a thesis on new methods in mesh generation to build low complexity simplicial complexes for applications in computational geometry and topology. Quality meshes can be used to approximate the distance function dP : R d → R such that dP (x) is the shortest distance from x to the points cloud P . This distance function is fundamental to many computational problems but we will focus on two, Voronoi diagrams and persistent homology. My recent work has shown that this approach yields an improvement in the worst-case running time of persistent homology computation from n down to 2 2)n3. Some problems I intend to look at include • computing persistence of inputs with topological prior (i.e. going beyond point sets), • top down methods for persistent homology, • developing new approaches for topological simplification for mesh filtrations, and • approximating Voronoi diagrams.
Feature-oriented programming with Ruby

Features identify core characteristics of software in order to produce families of programs. Through configuration, different variants of a program can be composed. Our approach is to design features as first-class entities of a language. With this approach, features can be constructed and returned by methods, stored in variables and used in many expressions of the language. This paper introduces rbFeatures, an implementation of first-class features in the dynamic programming language Ruby. Our goal is to show how such a language extension works with respect to its dynamic host language and the applicability of our results. In particular, we present a step-by-step walkthrough how to use rbFeatures in order to implement known case-studies like the Graph Product Line or the Expression Product Line. Since we created a pure Ruby language extension, rbFeatures can be used with any existing programs and in any virtual machine implementing Ruby.
Radar-vision fusion for vehicle detection

This paper describes a vehicle detection system fusing radar and vision data. Radar data are used to locate areas of interest on images. Vehicle search in these areas is based on vertical symmetry. All vehicles found in different image areas are mixed together and a series of filters are applied in order to delete false positives. The algorithm analyzes images on a frame by frame basis, without any temporal correlation. Two different statistics, frame-based and event-based, are computed to evaluate the method efficiency. Results and problems are discussed, and some ideas for possible enhancements are provided.
On Approximating the Minimum Vertex Cover in Sublinear Time and the Connection to Distributed Algorithms

We consider the problem of estimating the size, V C ( G ) , of a minimum vertex cover of a graph G , in sublinear time, by querying the incidence relation of the graph. We say that an algorithm is an ( (cid:11); (cid:15) ) - approximation algorithm if it outputs with high probability an estimate d V C such that V C ( G ) (cid:0) (cid:15)n (cid:20) d
Void shadows: multi-touch interaction with stereoscopic objects on the tabletop

In this paper we present the Void Shadows interaction - a novel stereoscopic 3D interaction paradigm in which each virtual object casts a shadow on a touch-enabled display surface. The user can conveniently interact with such a shadow, and her actions are transferred to the associated object. Since all interactive tasks are carried out on the zero-parallax plane, there are no accommodation-convergence or related 2D/3D interaction problems, while the user is still able to "directly" manipulate objects at different 3D positions, without first having to position a cursor and to select an object. In an initial user study we have proved the applicability of the metaphor for some common tasks, and we have found that compared to in-air 3D interaction techniques the users performed up to 28% more precisely using about the same amount of time.
An Efficient Algorithm for Scheduling Jobs in Volunteer Computing Platforms

We propose in this paper a new algorithm for scheduling independent jobs in volunteer computing platforms. In such platforms, the resources are not continuously available over time. Moreover, the beginning and finishing times of the resource availability periods are subject to some uncertainties since the machines are directly administrated by the owners (and thus, there is no global centralized control). The performance of the applications is achieved by a suitable adaptation of the algorithms to the volunteer environments. We propose an efficient method that optimizes the performance and reduces the impact of disturbances by means of stability. Stability gives the guarantee that the disturbed solution does not differ too much from the initial solution. It is obtained on the basis of a reputation mechanism of the resources that makes the scheduling decisions more adequate. The quality of our algorithm is demonstrated by a campaign of experiments using simulations of actual traces of BOINC where the results are compared to other existing reference algorithms.