Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A wideband voltage mode Doherty power amplifier

This paper presents a new wideband Doherty Amplifier technique that can achieve high efficiency while maintaining excellent linearity. By modifying a “forgotten” topology originally proposed by Doherty, a new Doherty Amplifier architecture is realized with two voltage mode PAs and transformers, thus eliminating a narrowband impedance inverter. The voltage mode PA is implemented with a switched capacitor PA known for its excellent linearity. The PA is fabricated in 65 nm low-leakage CMOS and achieves 24 dBm saturated power (at standard supply voltage) with 45%/34% PAE at peak and 5.6dB back-off over 750 MHz to 1050 MHz 1dB bandwidth. With memory-less linearization, this PA can transmit 40 MHz 256-QAM 9dB PAPR 802.11ac modulation centered at 900 MHz meeting the spectral mask with measured EVM of -34.8dB and 22% PAE without backing-off or equalization.
Physiological Role of the N-terminal Processed P4501A1 Targeted to Mitochondria in Erythromycin Metabolism and Reversal of Erythromycin-mediated Inhibition of Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis*

Recently, we showed that the major species of β-naphthoflavone-inducible rat liver mitochondrial P450MT2 consists of N-terminal truncated microsomal P4501A1 (+33/1A1) and that the truncated enzyme exhibits different substrate specificity as compared with intact P4501A1. The results of the present study show that P450MT2 targeted to COS cell mitochondria by transient transfection of P4501A1 cDNA is localized inside the mitochondrial inner membrane in a membrane-extrinsic orientation. Co-expression with wild type P4501A1 and adrenodoxin (Adx) cDNAs resulted in 5–7-fold higher erythromycin N-demethylation (ERND) in the mitochondrial fraction but minimal changes in the microsomal fraction of transfected cells. Erythromycin, a potent inhibitor of bacterial and mitochondrial protein synthesis, caused 8–12-fold higher accumulation of CYP1A1 mRNA, preferential accumulation of P450MT2, and 5–6-fold higher ERND activity in the mitochondrial compartment of rat C6 glioma cells. Consistent with the increased mitochondrial ERND activity, co-expression with P4501A1 and Adx in COS cells rendered complete protection against erythromycin-mediated mitochondrial translation inhibition. Mutations that specifically affect the mitochondrial targeting of P4501A1 also abolished protection against mitochondrial translation inhibition. These results for the first time suggest a physiological function for the xenobiotic inducible cytochrome P4501A1 against drug-mediated mitochondrial toxicity.
Positive effects of laissez-faire leadership: conceptual exploration

Purpose – The dominant view of laissez-faire leadership has so far been avoidant or regarded as zero leadership. Consequently, it has been suggested that laissez-faire leadership is likely to lead to negative consequences in subordinates’ performance and attitudes. The purpose of this paper is to argue that this conventional view is biased from the start as it is burdened with the concept that laissez-faire leadership is non-strategic and therefore implies negative consequences. This paper further argues that to be able to unveil the real outcomes of laissez-faire leadership, focus should shift to the behavioral aspect of laissez-faire leadership, or non-involvement of a leader/leadership. Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual presentation and presented propositions could stimulate the examination of laissez-faire leadership in more balanced ways. Findings – Shifted focus to the behavioral aspect of laissez-faire leadership, or non-involvement of a leader/leadership allows this paper to explore possible positive outcomes, especially with consideration with dynamics of time. While extant studies about laissez-faire leadership have been partial to negative consequences, this paper explores different contexts in which laissez-faire leadership could be positive. Originality/value – This paper is one of the first attempts to tease out possible outcomes of laissez-faire leadership, which could be not just negative, by adapting the behavioral aspect of non-involvement of a leader.
Diffusion kinetics and mechanical behavior of lead-free microbump solder joints in 3D packaging applications

Objective of this work is to understand diffusion kinetics and mechanical properties of interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMC) in the microbump solder joints. Diffusion studies on different sizes of Sn/Cu joints are conducted to compare their interfacial diffusion kinetics with microbump solder joints. Growth rate constants and activation energy of interfacial IMC layer during multiple reflows in microbump joints are lower than 80μm solder joints. However, in the case of solid-state aging, activation energy for interfacial IMC growth increases with the reduction in the size of solder joints. Besides the diffusion kinetics, microstructural changes such as, morphology, kirkendall voids and grain size of IMCs also affect with reduction in the solder joint. These structural changes adversely affect the mechanical integrity of interconnect system. However, determination of mechanical properties of interfacial IMCs in microbump joints is difficult due to its thicknesses (∼ 0.5 to 2fjm). Tapper mounting technique for microbump joints is demonstrated to characterize the interfacial IMC layers thickness as low as 500nm. Substrate effects on measured elastic modulus and hardness are removed using post-indentation analysis i.e. S-h and tf-P analysis. Elastic modulus and hardness of interfacial IMCs are extracted from the harmonic contact stiffness-load-displacement data.
Dark Ages Radio Explorer mission: Probing the cosmic dawn

The period between the creation of the cosmic microwave background at a redshift of ~1000 and the formation of the first stars and black holes that re-ionize the intergalactic medium at redshifts of 10-20 is currently unobservable. The baryonic component of the universe during this period is almost entirely neutral hydrogen, which falls into local regions of higher dark matter density. This seeds the formation of large-scale structures including the cosmic web that we see today in the filamentary distribution of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The only detectable signal from these dark ages is the 21-cm spectral line of hydrogen, redshifted down to frequencies of approximately 10-100 MHz. Space-based observations of this signal will allow us to determine the formation epoch and physics of the first sources of ionizing radiation, and potentially detect evidence for the decay of dark matter particles. JPL is developing deployable low frequency antenna and receiver prototypes and calibration techniques to enable both all-sky spectral measurements of neutral hydrogen and ultimately to map the spatial distribution of the signal as a function of redshift. Such observations must be done from space because of Earth's ionosphere and ubiquitous radio interference. Both lunar orbiting and lunar surface based instruments are under development. A specific application of these technologies is the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE) mission. This small Explorer class mission is designed to measure the sky-averaged hydrogen signal from the shielded region above the far side of the Moon. Observations of neutral hydrogen from the dark ages and the cosmic dawn (when light from the first generation of stars appeared) will provide unique and critical information on the early evolution of the universe. These data will complement ground-based radio observations of the final stages of intergalactic re-ionization at higher frequencies. DARE will also serve as a scientific percursor for space-based interferometry missions to image the distirbution of hydrogen during the cosmic dark ages.
Growing social justice educators: a pedagogical framework for Social Justice Education

Premised on the basis that we all need to unlearn our socialisation from within an oppressive society as we develop ourselves as instruments for social justice, this article presents a framing model for facilitating the growth and development of educators into being/s for social justice. The model emerges from reflexive research on work with in‐service educators in South Africa. The article focuses on what has been called the Trajectory Model. The model is contextualised briefly in relation to relevant literature and our work in a community of practice as social justice educators, before going on to a more detailed discussion of some of the component parts. Some conclusions are drawn from reference to experiences of working with the model in research and pedagogical praxis.
Elements to promote a successful relationship between stakeholders interested in mental health promotion in schools

Objective: An evaluation of a mental health promotion program called iCARE which depended on collaboration between multiple partners. Design: A qualitative exploratory evaluation that involved purposeful sampling of a range of stakeholders in the School settings. Setting: Two Secondary Schools in Tasmania. Intervention iCARE stands for Creating Awareness, Resilience and Enhanced Mental Health and is a structured six-week program in which trained facilitators engage Year 8 students in learning about mental health and developing resilience. The collaboration involved university researchers, child and youth mental health clinicians, and education staff. It required investment in time and resources as well as intellectual effort and good will from each of the key players. Results: Successful elements of collaboration were distilled from the interview data, indicating that for a mental health promotion program to succeed in schools, highly tuned negotiation and communication skills are required. Conclusion: Nurses are increasingly working within the community to promote the health and wellbeing of many groups. To work effectively with young people in schools, and to share the impact of that work with the professional community, requires collaboration between health, education and university stakeholders. This evaluation found that success in this interdisciplinary connection requires respect, communication, negotiation and appreciation for disciplinary differences.
Quality of histograms as indicator of approximate query quality

We consider concept of approximate query in RDBMS i.e. query that returns results which may differ from common (exact) query results in a way but its evaluation requires less resources. In the work we focus mostly on time and storage space aspects. We follow one of the state-of-the-art trends using synopses of data as the input of approximate query evaluation. We propose some measures of approximate query results quality. Basing on them we present steps of adaptive elaboration of synopses quality measure that should be mutually corresponding.
ANÁLISIS FACTORIAL CONFIRMATORIO DE LA ESCALA DE SATISFACCIÓN CON LA VIDA DE FAMILIA (ESVF) EN ADOLESCENTES DE SECUNDARIA Y BACHILLERATO

El objetivo del presente estudio de investigacion fue realizar un analisis factorial (exploratorio y confirmatorio) de la Escala de Satisfaccion con la Vida de Familia (ESVF), a fin de obtener nueva informacion relevante sobre la validez y confiabilidad de este instrumento. La muestra (N = 1.395) estuvo compuesta por estudiantes de secundaria y bachillerato con rango de edad de 11 a 19 anos. Los analisis dieron por resultado una solucion monofactorial con adecuados indices de validez y confiabilidad. Se identificaron, ademas, diferencias estadisticamente significativas por edad y genero. Se discuten estos y otros resultados en el marco de una linea de investigacion sobre la adolescencia desde el enfoque de la Psicologia Positiva. Abstract This research paper focuses on Satisfaction with Family Life Scale Factor (SWFLS) in order derive relevant and maintain the validity and reliability of the information in this study. The age group of high school students sampled were from 11 to 19 years old (N=1.395). The result of this analysis was a singular-factor solution with suitable valid and reliable indexes. Different results by age and gender were statistically identified. These and other results on the research on adolescencebased family life satisfaction and the Positive Psychological effects are also discussed.
Use of a novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reporter virus expressing human placental alkaline phosphatase to detect an alternative viral receptor

We report here on the construction and use of a novel human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 reporter vector, HIV-AP, that encodes human placental alkaline phosphatase. Upon staining with chromogenic alkaline phosphatase substrates 24 to 36 h postinfection, cells infected with HIV-AP develop an intense purple color and can then be counted under a dissecting microscope. Alternatively, HIV-AP infectivity can be quantitated and infected cells can be sorted by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter after staining with a fluorescent alkaline phosphatase substrate. The assay is rapid and accurate, has very low background in a variety of cell lines and primary cells, and is not restricted to use in human cells. Infectious HIV-AP can be pseudotyped by various HIV or murine leukemia virus envelope glycoproteins. Using this virus, we have addressed the long-standing question of CD4-independent infection of cells by HIV. Our results confirm the presence on a human osteosarcoma cell line of an alternative receptor for HIV infection that functions with an efficiency approximately 1/20 that of CD4.
Distinct Retinal Deficits in a Zebrafish Pyruvate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Mutant

Mutations in ubiquitously expressed metabolic genes often lead to CNS-specific effects, presumably because of the high metabolic demands of neurons. However, mutations in omnipresent metabolic pathways can conceivably also result in cell type-specific effects because of cell-specific requirements for intermediate products. One such example is the zebrafish noir mutant, which we found to be mutated in the pdhb gene, coding for the E1 β subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. This vision mutant is described as blind and was isolated because of its vision defect-related darker appearance. A detailed morphological, behavioral, and physiological analysis of the phenotype revealed an unexpected specific effect on the retina. Surprisingly, the cholinergic amacrine cells of the inner retina are affected earlier than the photoreceptors. This might be attributable to the inability of these cells to maintain production of their neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This is reflected in an earlier loss of motion vision, followed only later by a general loss of light perception. Since both characteristics of the phenotype are attributable to a loss of acetyl-CoA production by pyruvate dehydrogenase, we used a ketogenic diet to bypass this metabolic block and could indeed partially rescue vision and prolong survival of the larvae. The noir mutant provides a case for a systemic disease with ocular manifestation with a surprising specific effect on the retina given the ubiquitous requirement for the mutated gene.
Evaluation of smart-phone performance for real-time traffic prediction

Smartphones efficiently collect traffic information, guide the drivers and inform the end-user about the current and future traffic conditions. Due to enhanced sensor technology, visualization capabilities, navigational performance and network connectivity, smartphones play an important role in advanced travel information systems (ATIS). Although they offer increasing computation power nowadays, this potential smartphone' resource has not been explicitly evaluated for neither ATIS nor Intelligent Transport System (ITS) applications. In this study, we actively involve the smartphone into real-time compressed prediction of large traffic networks. More precisely, we run prediction algorithms on the central server to obtain future state for the subset of the links in the network that we refer to as compressed network state. Then, we send the predicted values for compressed network state to smartphones where network extrapolation is performed. Network extrapolation involves vector-matrix multiplication where row vector represents the compressed network state while the matrix is stored on the mobile phone and contains the relationships function between the compressed state and entire network. Such decentralized infrastructure can significantly reduce the overhead of the communication network and enhance the development of cooperative, peer to peer networks for the NextGen Intelligent Transportation Systems applications.
Modeling and Simulation of a Complex Social System : A Case Study

The Open Source Software (OSS) development movement is a classic example of a social network. It is also a prototype of a complex evolving network. After over two years of collecting developer and project information from SourceForge, we have sufficient data to study the dynamic and structural mechanisms that govern the evolution and topology of this complex system. First, we collected empirical data from SourceForge and analyzed the statistics of the topological information of the OSS developer social network. By inspecting the network’s evolution over time, we were able to gain knowledge about the appearance of the complex network and characteristics of the system. Then we generated a model to depict the evolution of this network based on the statistical results we got from the empirical data. Finally, using Java/Swarm, we simulated the evolution of the OSS developer network using our model to compare against the empirical data. In simulation, we used several different models to replicate the empirical data: random network theory, scale-free network, scale-free network with constant fitness and scale-free networks with dynamic fitness. From these simulation iterations, we were able to verify and validate our model for this network and to increase our understanding of the OSS developer collaboration network.
Detection of human polyomaviruses in urine from bone marrow transplant patients: comparison of electron microscopy with PCR.

BACKGROUND We studied electron microscopy (EM) as an appropriate test system for the detection of polyomavirus in urine samples from bone marrow transplant patients. METHODS We evaluated direct EM, ultracentrifugation (UC) before EM, and solid-phase immuno-EM (SPIEM). The diagnostic accuracy of EM was studied by comparison with a real-time PCR assay on 531 clinical samples. RESULTS The detection rate of EM was increased by UC and SPIEM. On 531 clinical urine samples, the diagnostic sensitivity of EM was 47% (70 of 149) with a specificity of 100%. We observed a linear relationship between viral genome concentration and the proportion of urine samples positive by EM, with a 50% probability for a positive EM result for urine samples with a polyomavirus concentration of 10(6) genome-equivalents (GE)/mL; the probability of a positive EM result was 0% for urine samples with <10(3) GE/mL and 100% for urine samples containing 10(9) GE/mL. CONCLUSIONS UC/EM is rapid and highly specific for polyomavirus in urine. Unlike real-time PCR, EM has low sensitivity and cannot quantify the viral load.
A 230 GHz quadrupler with 2 dBm output power in 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology

A 230 GHz ×4 frequency multiplier chain implemented in an advanced 90 nm SiGe BiCMOS technology (fT/fMAX = 300/350 GHz) is presented. The chain achieves a peak output power of 2 dBm and consists of D-Band balanced doubler, D-Band single-ended three stages common-emitter power amplifier which drives a Schottky-diode based H-Band doubler. It operates from 214 GHz to 245 GHz (3 dB power bandwidth) with 5 dBm input power at V-Band and consumes a total DC power of 200 mW. The D-Band PA is operated with 1.6 V supply and achieves output saturated power of 14 dBm, at 115 GHz and 14 dB small signal gain.
Analytic urns

This article describes a purely analytic approach to urn models of the generalized or extended Pólya–Eggenberger type, in the case of two types of balls and constant “balance,” that is, constant row sum. The treatment starts from a quasilinear ﬁrst-order partial differential equation associated with a combinatorial renormalization of the model and bases itself on elementary conformal mapping arguments coupled with singularity analysis techniques. Probabilistic consequences in the case of “subtractive” urns are new representations for the probability distribution of the urn’s composition at any time n , structural information on the shape of moments of all orders, estimates of the speed of convergence to the Gaussian limit and an explicit determination of the associated large deviation function. In the general case, analytic solutions involve Abelian integrals over the Fermat curve x h + y h = 1. Several urn models, including a classical one associated with balanced trees (2–3 trees and fringe-balanced search trees) and related to a previous study of Panholzer and Prodinger, as well as all urns of balance 1 or 2 and a sporadic urn of balance 3, are shown to admit of explicit representations in terms of Weierstraß elliptic functions: these elliptic models appear precisely to correspond to regular tessellations of the Euclidean plane.
Selection of Important Metabolites Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Model

1. Background 1.1 Metabolomics Metabolomics is the next step in the progression from genomics, transriptomics, and proteomics. ”The measurement of well-characterized, relevant biochemicals allows a specific and easily interpretable view of cellular activity. Control of biochemical concentrations may be viewed as the sole reason for all the machinations that occur at more complex levels: DNA, RNA, and proteins. Thus metabolomics may be the best and most direct measure of cellular physiology. ” Beecher (2002). Understanding which metabolites are correlated with a disease could provide insight into the disease mechanism. Biologists currently working in this area use dendrogramatic clustering and principal component analysis comparing the similarity of metabolite profiles to those of known factor mutations in order to deduce where in metabolism mutations act. No Bayesian methods have yet been applied to metabolomic datasets.
In silico grouping of peptide/HLA class I complexes using structural interaction characteristics

MOTIVATION Classification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins into supertypes underpins the development of epitope-based vaccines with wide population coverage. Current methods for HLA supertype definition, based on common structural features of HLA proteins and/or their functional binding specificities, leave structural interaction characteristics among different HLA supertypes with antigenic peptides unexplored. METHODS We describe the use of structural interaction descriptors for the analysis of 68 peptide/HLA class I crystallographic structures. Interaction parameters computed include the number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between each HLA protein and its corresponding bound peptide, solvent accessibility, gap volume and gap index. RESULTS The structural interactions patterns of peptide/HLA class I complexes investigated herein vary among individual alleles and may be grouped in a supertype dependent manner. Using the proposed methodology, eight HLA class I supertypes were defined based on existing experimental crystallographic structures which largely overlaps (77% consensus) with the definitions by binding motifs. This mode of classification, which considers conformational information of both peptide and HLA proteins, provides an alternative to the characterization of supertypes using either peptide or HLA protein information alone.