Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approaches to visualising Linked Data: A survey

Abstract. The uptake and consumption of Linked Data is currently restricted almost entirely to the Semantic Web community. While the utility of Linked Data to non-tech savvy web users is evident, the lack of technical knowledge and an understanding of the intricacies of the semantic technology stack limit such users in their ability to interpret and make use of the Web of Data. A key solution in overcoming this hurdle is to visualise Linked Data in a coherent and legible manner, allowing nondomain and non-technical audiences to obtain a good understanding of its structure, and therefore implicitly compose queries, identify links between resources and intuitively discover new pieces of information. In this paper we describe key requirements which the visualisation of Linked Data must fulfil in order to lower the technical barrier and make the Web of Data accessible for all. We provide an extensive survey of current efforts in the Semantic Web community with respect to our requirements, and identify the potential for visual support to lead to more effective, intuitive interaction of the end user with Linked Data. We conclude with the conclusions drawn from our survey and analysis, and present proposals for advancing current Linked Data visualisation efforts. Keywords: Linked Data, information visualisation, visual analytics, user-centred design, users, consumption
Association between more frequent chocolate consumption and lower body mass index.

Chocolate has shown favorable metabolic associations with blood pressure (BP),1–3 insulin sensitivity,1 and cholesterol level.3 Chocolate is rich in antioxidant phytonutrients like catechins that could contribute to favorable relationships of chocolate consumption to insulin sensitivity and BP. However, because chocolate is often consumed as a sweet and bears calories, there are concerns related to its intake. Body mass index (BMI) is part of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) picture, and other MetS elements relate favorably to moderate chocolate consumption. Therefore, we hypothesized that the benefits of modest frequent chocolate intake might extend to reduced fat deposition, potentially offsetting the added calories. To evaluate this, we examined the cross-sectional relationship of chocolate consumption frequency to BMI.
Constitutive Expression of Insulin Receptor Substrate (IRS)-1 Inhibits Myogenic Differentiation through Nuclear Exclusion of Foxo1 in L6 Myoblasts

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are well known to play essential roles in enhancement of myogenic differentiation. In this report we showed that initial IGF-I signal activation but long-term IGF-1 signal termination are required for myogenic differentiation. L6 myoblast stably transfected with myc-epitope tagged insulin receptor substrate-1, myc-IRS-1 (L6-mIRS1) was unable to differentiate into myotubes, indicating that IRS-1 constitutive expression inhibited myogenesis. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying myogenic inhibition, IGF-I signaling was examined. IGF-I treatment of control L6 cells for 18 h resulted in a marked suppression of IGF-I stimulated IRS-1 association with the p85 PI 3-kinase and suppression of activation of Akt that correlated with a down regulation of IRS-1 protein. L6-mIRS1 cells, in contrast, had sustained high levels of IRS-1 protein following 18 h of IGF-I treatment with persistent p85 PI 3-kinase association with IRS-1, Akt phosphorylation and phosphorylation of the downstream Akt substrate, Foxo1. Consistent with Foxo1 phosphorylation, Foxo1 protein was excluded from the nuclei in L6-mIRS1 cells, whereas Foxo1 was localized in the nuclei in control L6 cells during induction of differentiation. In addition, L6 cells stably expressing a dominant-interfering form of Foxo1, Δ256Foxo1 (L6-Δ256Foxo1) were unable to differentiate into myotubes. Together, these data demonstrate that IGF-I regulation of Foxo1 nuclear localization is essential for the myogenic program in L6 cells but that persistent activation of IGF-1 signaling pathways results in a negative feedback to prevent myogenesis.
Feedback Regulation of Lac Repressor Expression in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Negative feedback regulation, mediated through repressor binding site O3, which overlaps the lacI gene, could explain the robustness of the weak expression of Lac repressor. Significant autorepression of Lac repressor has never been ruled out. In the work presented here, the degree of autoregulation of Lac repressor was determined. It is negligible.
Interest rate linkages: identifying structural relations

This paper examines the structural linkages that may exist between the G7 national interest rates. Its aim is to exploit some new techniques in cointegration analysis to see to what extent conclusions can be drawn purely from the data without imposing any arbitrary identification conditions. Linkages between I(1) series are examined as structural relations, using a technique that is a variation of a method proposed by Davidson that involves the introduction of the new concept of an irreducible cointegrating vector. In order to distinguish between structural and solved irreducible cointegrating relations, the ranking of irreducible cointegrating vectors according to the criterion of minimum variance is introduced. This methodology is applied to the system linking the G7 short-term interest rates, obtaining some interesting results.
Effect of prepartum administration of growth hormone-releasing factor on somatotropin, insulin-like growth factor I, milk production, and postpartum return to ovarian activity in primiparous beef heifers.

Forty-one primiparous beef heifers were used over 2 yr to evaluate the effect of prepartum administration of a growth hormone-releasing factor analog (GRF-A) or growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF(1-29)-NH2) on somatotropin (ST), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), milk production, heifer BW, and postpartum (PP) return to ovarian activity. Beginning on d -11 +/- 1 from parturition, heifers were administered (s.c.) GRF-A ([desNH2-Tyr1,D-Ala2,Ala15]GRF(1-29)-NH2, 2.5 micrograms/kg; Yr 1) or GRF(1-29)-NH2 (12.5 micrograms/kg; Yr 2) (GRF; n = 17) or vehicle (CON; n = 24) for seven consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at 20-min intervals from -60 to 300 min from the first and fourth injections. Samples were also collected at 20-min intervals for 6 h on d 25 and 69 +/- 1 PP. Area under the curve of ST (nanograms.minute-1.milliliter-1) was greater (P less than .01) in GRF than in CON heifers (9,671 +/- 677 vs 2,611 +/- 237). Increases in ST after GRF-A or GRF(1-29)-NH2 were similar. On d 25 +/- 1 PP, frequency of ST release (pulses per 6 h) was greater (P less than .01) in CON (3.3 +/- .2) than in GRF (2.1 +/- .2) heifers. Milk production was similar (P greater than .1) for the two treatments. Heifer BW loss from d -16 to 81 after parturition was greater (P less than .01) in GRF (88 +/- 5) than in CON (68 +/- 5) heifers. Postpartum return to ovarian activity (progesterone greater than 1 ng/mL for two consecutive weeks) was delayed (P less than .05) in GRF (97 +/- 14) vs CON (71 +/- 8) heifers. After accounting for variation due to treatment and year, a negative (P less than .02) correlation (r = -.39) was detected between concentrations of IGF-I during the first 30 d PP and PP interval to ovarian activity. These results indicate that prepartum administration of GRF altered the release pattern of ST after parturition and was associated with greater PP BW loss and delayed PP return to ovarian activity in heifers.
New Directions in Goal-Setting

Goal-setting theory is summarized regarding theeffectivenessof specific, difficultgoals; the relationship of goals to affect; the mediators of goal effects; the relation of goals to self-efficacy; the moderatorsof goal effects; and the generality of goal effects across people, tasks, coun- tries, time spans, experimental designs, goal sources (i.e., self-set, set jointly with others, or assigned), and dependent variables. Recent studies concerned with goal choice and the factors that influence it, the function of learning goals, the effect of goal framing, goals and affect (well-being), group goal setting, goals and traits, macro- level goal setting, and conscious versus subconscious goals are described. Suggestions are given for future research. KEYWORDS—goal setting; self-efficacy; commitment; sub- conscious goals
E(7) and the tripartite entanglement of seven qubits

In quantum information theory, it is well known that the tripartite entanglement of three qubits is described by the group [SL(2, C)] 3 and that the entanglement measure is given by Cayley's hyperdeterminant. This has provided an analogy with certain N = 2 supersymmetric black holes in string theory, whose entropy is also given by the hyperdeterminant. In this paper, we extend the analogy to N = 8. We propose that a particular tripartite entanglement of seven qubits, encoded in the Fano plane, is described by the exceptional group E 7 (C) and that the entanglement measure is given by Cartan's quartic E 7 invariant.
»Und wenn sie nicht gestorben sind, dann leben sie noch heute ...«

Summary “And they lived happily ever after…” When is the right moment to finish psychotherapy with adolescents? On the basis of Voitl-Mikschis’ case presentation of a difficult termination phase with an adolescent patient, the author teases out the possible goals and criteria for a successful ending of psychotherapy. In so doing, it becomes clear that there can be no ideal framework for the termination phase and for working through the separation. One should however consider whether the therapy has succeeded in developing sufficient self-analysing skills in the patient and whether it has facilitated progressive developmental processes.
A Review of Practical Reasoning in Child and Youth Research

The purpose of the review is to investigate various relations between the concepts of competence and participation found within child and youth research with the aim of identifying differences in practical reasoning of the various kinds of child research. The search identified 260 articles, and an in-depth analysis of 39 articles was conducted, elaborating the conceptual differences inherent in the different child research fields. Based on a philosophy of practice, the analysis identified 3 different causal connections between the concepts of competence and participation, indicating 3 different ways of understanding means and ends in child research. The review thereby offers an understanding of how and why interdisciplinary problems sometimes occur in education and child care.
Physical exercise and social inequality in Norway – A comparison of OLS and quantile regression analysis

Abstract About two thirds of the Norwegian population exercise less than recommended by public authorities. Traditional studies of exercise and social inequality using OLS-regression give us information on the average person (conditioned mean value of a distribution), but might ignore information useful for understanding the situation for those, as in the Norwegian case, less physically active. In this article quantile regression – addressing units at various quantiles, not only the mean – is used to study social inequality related to physical exercise. Three types of exercise are studied – exercising locally, associational sport, fitness exercise – in light of social background variables. The crux of the analyses is an understanding of how the dependence of various independent variables differs across quantiles and that these results in several cases also differ from what OLS-regression tells us. The data applied are Norwegian (ISSP 2007).
Automatic road detection from gray-level images in Wide Area Surveillance

Wide Area Surveillance (WAS) systems are capable of providing continuous surveillance of critical areas as wide as city center (approximately 20 km square), mostly as a gray-level video. Utilization of road information for WAS systems increases moving vehicle tracking performance, while reducing the false alarm rates that might occur due to tall buildings, shadows or terrain. Two different novel approaches for automatic road detection from gray values images are presented in this paper. In the first approach, a probabilistic model for the road pixels of a gray-scale WAS image is obtained by utilizing parallel line detection and tubularity estimation. In the second approach, these road probabilities are converted into a graph representation for local areas. These graphs are solved by using graph cut formulation which exploits min-cut, max-flow algorithm. As a result of this solution, the road mask is extracted by applying a hierarchical model that results with a transition from local to global representation. Although the methods in literature mostly utilize multi-spectral images that result wih a smaller resolution yielding surveillance of a limited region, the proposed method uses gray-scale images which enable surveillance of much wider areas. The proposed method was tested some high resolution WAS images and resulted with promising results.
Odor Identification Deficits in Diffuse Lewy Body Disease

ObjectivesTo describe odor identification performance in patients with diffuse Lewy body disease and determine the clinical utility of odor identification tests in distinguishing diffuse Lewy body disease from Alzheimer disease. BackgroundThe presence of olfactory deficits, especially odor identification deficits, has been well established in both Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. The presence of olfactory deficits in diffuse Lewy body disease is also likely given the overlap of clinical symptoms and neuropathology with Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. However, odor identification abilities have not been described previously in diffuse Lewy body disease. MethodsNine patients from a clinic sample with diffuse Lewy body disease and nine carefully matched patients with Alzheimer disease were administered an odor identification task as part of their neuropsychologic evaluations. ResultsPatients with diffuse Lewy body disease performed significantly worse than patients with Alzheimer disease on the odor identification test. ConclusionsOdor identification deficits may be more prevalent and severe in people with diffuse Lewy body disease than in people with Alzheimer disease, and olfactory testing may be useful in antemortem differential diagnosis of the two disorders.
University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics Learning Classes of Sounds in Infancy Learning Classes of Sounds in Infancy Learning Classes of Sounds in Infancy

Adults' phonotactic learning is affected by perceptual biases. One such bias concerns learning of constraints affecting groups of sounds: all else being equal, learning constraints affecting a natural class (a set of sounds sharing some phonetic characteristic) is easier than learning a constraint affecting an arbitrary set of sounds. This perceptual bias could be a given, for example, the result of innately guided learning; alternatively, it could be due to human learners‚Äô experience with sounds. Using artificial grammars, we investigated whether such a bias arises in development, or whether it is present as soon as infants can learn phonotactics. Seven-month-old English-learning infants fail to generalize a phonotactic pattern involving fricatives and nasals, which does not form a coherent phonetic group, but succeed with the natural class of oral and nasal stops. In this paper, we report an experiment that explored whether those results also follow in a cohort of 4-month-olds. Unlike the older infants, 4-month-olds were able to generalize both groups, suggesting that the perceptual bias that makes phonotactic constraints on natural classes easier to learn is likely the effect of experience.
Random orthogonal matrix masking methodology for microdata release

Statistically defensible methods for disclosure limitation allow users to make inferences about parameters in a model similar to those that would be possible using the original unreleased data. We present a new perturbation method for protecting confidential continuous microdata Random Orthogonal Matrix Masking (ROMM) which preserves the sufficient statistics for multivariate normal distributions, and thus is statistically defensible. ROMM encompasses all methods that preserve these statistics and can be restricted to provide 'small' perturbations. We contrast ROMM with other microdata perturbation methods and we discuss methods for evaluating it from the perspective of the tradeoff between disclosure risk and data utility.
Factories and Factory Workers in New South Wales, 1788-1900

The importance of urbanisation in the social and economic develop ment of Australia has recently received serious attention by economic historians,1 but little attention has been paid to that important con comitant of urbanisation in the nineteenth century? the growth of secondary industry. Furthermore, while much is known of the origin and development of Australian commerce and primary industry and profiles exist of the daily life and work of the merchant, squatter, stockman and shearer, little is known about the factories and the factory worker. The aim of this paper is to sketch in broad outline the growth of secondary industry and the factory system in New South Wales and, where possible, the working conditions that prevailed in factories in the nineteenth century. There are serious difficulties and limitations in attempting such an outline. Manufacturing, while it made considerable progress in the nineteenth century, came very far behind commerce and the land indus tries in economic importance and it is not surprising that there is less literature available. Employment figures for those engaged in manu facturing in New South Wales only became available for the first time in 1877; the term 'factory* for legal and statistical purposes was not defined until 1896 when the New South Wales Factory and Shops Act was passed, and, even more pertinent, only one government select com mittee was empowered to inquire specifically into factory conditions.2 However, despite these limitations, the available records and the evidence presented to select committees that inquired into such matters as 'the condition of the working classes', 'the state of manufactures and agri culture' and 'the employment of children' and questions of public health enable a broad outline to be sketched of the growth of secondary in dustry, the factory system, and working conditions in some industries and factories.
Secure IP Telephony using Multi-layered Protection

This paper presents the design and analysis of a multilayer protection scheme against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks in IP telephony enabled enterprise networks. While there are many types of DoS attacks, we focus on flood-based attacks using application layer and transport layer signaling messages in IP telephony. We design sensors to detect and control these types attacks and consider different location of these sensors in the enterprise network. The algorithm for detecting these attacks is based on the well established non-parametric cumulative sum method. The response to the attack uses standard protocol features of IP telephony to control the number of incoming application and transport layer setup requests. We consider different recovery algorithms and compare their performance using our emulation toolkit. Our results show that the detection algorithm can quickly detect both transport and application layer attacks and is robust against various types of attacks. We also show that with proper choice of sensor parameters, the detection algorithm is effective over a wide range of call volumes.
CREDIT RISK DISCOVERY IN THE STOCK AND CDS MARKET: WHO, WHEN AND WHY LEADS? *

This paper analyzes the dynamic relationship between CDS spreads and stock market implied credit spreads (ICS) for a large international set of companies during the period 2002-2004. We find the relationship between these credit spread measures to be stronger, and the probability of the stock market leading credit risk discovery to be higher, at the lower credit quality levels. However, consistent with the argument of insider trading in credit derivatives, we document a positive relationship between the frequency of severe credit downturns and the probability of the CDS market leading price discovery. Apart from these findings, our results suggest a slight informational dominance of the stock market that declines over time.
Using NIRS to Investigate Social Relationship in Empathic Process

We perform appropriate social actions in the various scenes of everyday life. For example, we speculate about other people's intentions and feelings in order to understand them, or inhibit negative emotions such as anger toward them. Furthermore, we engage in altruistic behaviors out of consideration and empathy for unrelated others. Even for a person who we do not like, we can also be sensitive to his or her feelings and take the most suitable action that seems altruistic at the time. When we behave in such a prosocial way, how do we recognize ourself and others, regulate our emotions, and make decisions?
A Dual Process Architecture for Ontology-based Systems

In this work we present an ontology-based system equipped with a hybrid, cognitively inspired architecture for the representation of conceptual information. The proposed system aims at extending the representational and reasoning capabilities of classical ontological-based systems towards more realistic and cognitively grounded scenarios, such as those envisioned by the prototype theory. It is based on a hybrid knowledge base, composed of a classical symbolic component (grounded on a formal ontology) with a typicality-based one (grounded on the conceptual spaces framework). The resulting system attempts to reconcile the heterogeneous approach to the concepts in Cognitive Science and the dual process theories of reasoning and rationality. The system has been experimentally assessed in a conceptual categorization task where common sense linguistic descriptions were given in input, and the corresponding target concepts had to be identified. The results show that the proposed solution substantially improves on the representational and reasoning "conceptual" capabilities of standard ontology-based systems.
BloomUnit: declarative testing for distributed programs

We present BloomUnit, a testing framework for distributed programs written in the Bloom language. BloomUnit allows developers to write declarative test specifications that describe the input/output behavior of a software module. Test specifications are expressed as Bloom queries over (distributed) execution traces of the program under test. To allow execution traces to be produced automatically, BloomUnit synthesizes program inputs that satisfy user-provided constraints. For a given input, BloomUnit systematically explores the space of possible network message reorderings. BloomUnit searches this space efficiently by exploiting program semantics to ignore "uninteresting" message schedules. We illustrate the utility of BloomUnit by demonstrating an incremental process by which a programmer might provide and refine a set of queries and constraints until they define a rich set of correctness tests for a distributed system.