Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AQUSA: The Automatic Quality User Story Artisan for Agile Software Development

Context and motivation. User stories are an increasingly popular textual notation to capture requirements in agile software development [6]. User stories only capture the essential elements of a requirement: who it is for, what is expected from the system, and, optionally, why. Popularized by Mike Cohn [2], the most well-known format is: “As a 〈type of user〉 , I want 〈goal〉, [so that 〈some reason〉]”. For example: “As a Marketeer, I want to receive an email when a contact form is submitted, so that I can respond to it”. Question/Problem. Despite this popularity, the number of methods to assess and improve user story quality is small. Existing approaches either employ highly qualitative metrics, such as the six mnemonic heuristics of the INVEST framework [10], or propose generic guidelines for quality in agile RE [4]. This prompted us to introduce the Quality User Story (QUS) framework in earlier work [5], formulating a comprehensive linguistic approach to user story quality. The QUS framework separates the algorithmic aspects that natural language processing (NLP) techniques can automatically process from the thinking-required concerns which necessitate involving human requirements engineers. Our earlier work illustrates each quality criterion with a real-world example to demonstrate that the quality defect occur in practice [5]. Principal ideas/results. We take advantage of the potential offered by NLP. However, existing state-of-the-art NLP tools for RE such as Dowser [8] and RAI [3] are unable to transcend from academia into practice because their output is too inaccurate. The ambitious objectives of these tools necessitate a deep understanding of the requirements’ contents [1]. This necessity is currently unachievable and will remain impossible to achieve in the foreseeable future [9]. Instead, to be effective, tools that want to harness NLP should focus on the clerical part of RE that software can perform with 100% recall and high precision, leaving other work to human requirements engineers [1]. Additionally, they should conform to what practitioners actually do, instead of what the published methods and processes advise them to do [7]. The popularity of user stories among practitioners and their simple yet strict structure make them ideal candidates for applying NLP tools and techniques. Contribution. The Automatic Quality User Story Artisan tool1 or AQUSA takes a set of user stories as input and outputs errors and warnings that expose possible defects. Specifically, defects are identified by comparing the user stories with a subset of QUS criteria [5]. A first release of this tool was completed in October 2015 and we
Modeling Dynamic Rupture in a 3 D Earthquake Fault Model by

We propose a fourth-order staggered-grid finite-difference method to study dynamic faulting in three dimensions. The method uses an implementation of the boundary conditions on the fault that allows the use of general friction models including slip weakening and rate dependence. Because the staggered-grid method defines stresses and particle velocities at different grid points, we preserve symmetry by implementing a two-grid-row "thick" fault zone. Slip is computed between points located at the borders of the fault zone, while the two components of shear traction on the fault are forced to be symmetric inside the fault zone. We study the properties of the numerical method comparing our simulations with well-known properties of seismic ruptures in 3D. Among the properties that are well modeled by our method are full elastic-wave interactions, frictional instability, rupture initiation from a finite initial patch, spontaneous rupture growth at subsonic and supersonic speeds, as well as healing by either stopping phases or rate-dependent friction. We use this method for simulating spontaneous rupture propagation along an arbitrarily loaded planar fault starting from a localized asperity on circular and rectangular faults. The shape of the rupture front is close to elliptical and is systematically elongated in the inplane direction of traction drop. This elongation is due to the presence of a strong shear stress peak that moves ahead of the rupture in the in-plane direction. At high initial stresses the rupture front becomes unstable and jumps to super-shear speeds in the direction of in-plane shear. Another interesting effect is the development of relatively narrow rupture fronts due to the presence of rate-weakening friction. The solutions for the "thick fault" boundary conditions scale with the slip-weakening distance (Do) and are stable and reproducible for Do greater than about 4 in terms of 2T,//. t × Ax. Finally, a comparison of scalar and vector boundary conditions for the friction shows that slip is dominant along the direction of the prestress, with the largest deviations in slip-rate direction occurring near the rupture front and the edges of the fault.
Equivariant Sheaves on Flag Varieties

We show that the Borel-equivariant derived category of sheaves on the flag variety of a complex reductive group is equivalent to the perfect derived category of dg modules over the extension algebra of the direct sum of the simple equivariant perverse sheaves. This proves a conjecture of Soergel and Lunts in the case of flag varieties.
A 3 D Feature-Based Tracker for Multiple Object Tracking

This paper presents a 3D feature-based tracker for tracking multiple moving objects using a computercontrolled binocular head. Our tracker operates in two phases: an initialization phase and a tracking phase. In the initialization phase, correspondence between 2D features in the first stereo image pair is determined reliably using the epipolar line constraint and mutually-supported consistency . In the tracking phase, the feedback loop is established by first predicting new 3D feature locations with Kalman filters (KF) and then projecting them onto the 2D images to guide the extraction of 2D features in the new image pair. Here, we propose a RANSAC (RAN-dom SAmple Consensus)-based clustering method for motion segmentation and estimation using the principle of rigid body consensus , which states that all the extracted 3D features on a rigid body should have the same 3D motion. This new method leads to a feature-clustering algorithm which provides a systematic method for managing splitting, merging, appearance and disappearance of multiple moving rigid objects-including articulated objects, such as robot manipulators. Using the motion estimates obtained with the RANSAC-based method as the measurements for the KFs, we are able to use linear KFs for predictive visual tracking instead of the commonly-used extended Kalman filters (EKF). Experiments have shown that our tracking system does give good results and can serve as a robust 3D feature tracker for the active binocular vision system we are developing.
Difference in substrate specificity divides the yeast alkali-metal-cation/H(+) antiporters into two subfamilies.

Yeast plasma membrane Na(+)/H(+) antiporters (TC 2.A.36) share a high degree of similarity at the protein level. Expression of four antiporters (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nha1p, Candida albicans Cnh1p, Zygosaccharomyces rouxii ZrSod2-22p and Schizosaccharomyces pombe sod2p) in a SACCH: cerevisiae mutant strain lacking both Na(+)-ATPase and Na(+)/H(+) antiporter genes made it possible to study the transport properties and contribution to cell salt tolerance of all antiporters under the same conditions. The ZrSod2-22p of the osmotolerant yeast Z. rouxii has the highest transport capacity for lithium and sodium but, like the SCHIZ: pombe sod2p, it does not recognize K(+) and Rb(+) as substrates. The SACCH: cerevisiae Nha1p and C. albicans Cnh1p have a broad substrate specificity for at least four alkali metal cations (Na(+), Li(+), K(+), Rb(+)), but their contribution to overall cell tolerance to high external concentration of toxic Na(+) and Li(+) cations seems to be lower compared to the antiporters of SCHIZ: pombe and especially Z. rouxii.
Hierarchical Compression of Color Look Up Tables

Color lookup tables (CLUTs) that are embedded in printer firmware consume precious flash memory. In order to conserve memory and thereby reduce cost, it is desirable to compress CLUTs prior to storage and restore tables as required. In this paper, we investigate methods for lossless compression of CLUTs. We demonstrate that, through suitable pre-processing of data, significant improvements in compression performance can be obtained as compared to a direct application of lossless data compression methods. In particular, the gains in performance with the proposed methods are accomplished by exploiting the characteristics of CLUT data and utilizing a combination of hierarchical differential encoding and re-ordering for the preprocessing. Experimental results over a representative data set indicate that the proposed methods can result in a 26% reduction in memory requirements in comparison to direct compression. As compared to uncompressed tables this corresponds to a memory saving of 68%.
Scheduling a Flexible Flow Shops Problem using DEA

This paper considers a scheduling problem in flexib flow shops environment with the aim of minimizing t wo important criteria including makespan and cumulative tardines s of jobs. Since the proposed problem is known as an Np-hard problem in literature, we have to develop a meta-heuristic to solve it. We considered general structure of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and dev eloped a new version of that based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Two objective functions assumed as two different inputs for each Decision Making Unit (DMU). In this paper we focused on effi ciency score of DMUs and efficient frontier concept in DEA techniqu e. After introducing the method we defined two different sce narios with considering two types of mutation operator. Also we provided an experimental design with some computational results to show the performance of algorithm. The results show that the algorithm implements in a reasonable time. Keywords—Data envelopment analysis, Efficiency, Flexible flo w shops, Genetic algorithm
Molecular cloning and expression patterns of a putative olfactory diacylglycerol kinase from the noctuid moth Spodoptera littoralis

In the aim of the characterization of the molecular actors of insect olfactory transduction, we have cloned the full cDNA encoding a Spodoptera littoralis diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) named SlDGK. In male adults, SlDGK transcript was detected predominantly in the brain and in the olfactory sensilla trichodea located on the antennae. SlDGK expression was first detected at day 3 of the pupal stage, then reached a maximum at the end of this stage and was maintained at this level during the adult period. These data provide the first molecular characterization of a DGK potentially involved in the regulation of signalling pathways responsible for the establishment and/or the functioning of the olfactory system in Lepidoptera.
Costs of metabolic syndrome‐related diseases induced by obesity in Taiwan

The objective of this paper is to estimate the cost of obesity's contribution to the metabolic syndrome diseases in Taiwan. We used individual data from the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Two‐Township Study survey and medical use and expenditures data from the Bureau of National Health Insurance (NHI) of Taiwan. By adopting the prevalence‐based and population attributable risk (PAR) approaches, direct costs of obesity for six kinds of obesity related metabolic syndrome diseases have been estimated. Comorbidities used in our analysis included ischemic heart diseases, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease accident, diabetes, hyper‐cholesterolaemia and hypertension. The results indicate that overweight and obesity are associated with a higher prevalence and costs of the metabolic syndrome related diseases. PAR increases as the obese [body mass index (BMI)] prevalence increases. About 4–9% of the costs of those diseases can be attributed to overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 27) and about 7–13% and 8–19% of such costs are attributable to the first and second degree obesity (27 ≤ BMI < 30 and BMI ≥ 30). The cost of obesity derived from the PAR and medical costs of metabolic syndrome diseases accounts for 2.9% of the national total healthcare expenditure. We therefore conclude that overweight and obesity have increased health costs and resulted in higher prevalence of and greater costs from metabolic syndrome related diseases in Taiwan. These findings provide important support for implementing obesity prevention programs in Taiwan.
Defining the Transfer Functions of the PCAD Model in North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena glacialis) -- Retrospective Analyses of Existing Data

Abstract : Anthropogenic noise has been shown to cause both behavioral and physiological changes in marine mammals, but the potential for long-term, population-level effects is not known. The NRC (2005) Population Consequences of Acoustic Disturbance (PCAD) model provides a framework to trace the consequences of acoustic disturbance through the life history of a marine mammal to its population status. In North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis), extensive data on hormone levels, health and body condition, and individual life history exists. Our long-term goal is to analyze the links between stress and thyroid hormones, visual assessments of health, and vital rates of right whales. This research supports the modeling efforts on PCAD transfer functions and develops a theoretical framework for field studies on acoustic disturbance for the North Atlantic right whale. The first objective is to test an alternative approach to elements of the PCAD model by doing the following: (1) substituting behavior change with direct measurements of physiological changes using fecal hormone levels; (2) replacing life function with skin and body condition indices; and (3) investigating the links between these parameters and right whale survival, reproduction, and maturation. Analyses of retrospective data and new data on fecal thyroid hormones (in FY 2012) will set the stage to apply stress/thyroid hormone data and health indices to assess acoustic disturbance in right whales. A second objective of this project is to analyze both acoustic recordings and fecal stress hormone levels from the Bay of Fundy in 2001 for the period before and following 9/11 (compared to similar data from other years). We hope to determine if the observed reduction in vessel activity post-9/11 has resulted in a decline in ambient noise, and if there has been an accompanying decrease in stress hormones in right whales inhabiting the Bay after this event.
Diagnostic Efficiency of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Women with Early Stage Breast Cancer

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Women (303) recently diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer completed the HADS and were psychiatrically assessed. Recommended cut-off scores for Depression (D) and Anxiety (A) Scales identified probable caseness and the accuracy was compared with DSM-IV diagnoses. Cut-off scores were varied to establish optimal accuracy. Results: One hundred and eleven (36.6%) met criteria for depressive disorders and 25 (8.3%) met criteria for anxiety disorders. At the recommended cut-off score of 11 for the D scale, positive and negative predictive values were.75 and.64, respectively, while sensitivity and specificity were.05 and.99, respectively. For the A scale, positive predictive value (PPV) was.15; negative predictive value (NPV),. 90; sensitivity,. 08; and specificity,. 87. Reducing the cut-off score to 5 produced PPV of.63, NPV of.74, sensitivity of.49 and specificity of.83 for the D scale;. 14,. 94,. 75 and.45, respectively, for the A scale. Composite scores (cut-off of 22) had a PPV of.92, NPV of.57, sensitivity of.09 and specificity of.99. Conclusions: Recommended cut-off scores for the HADS may result in under-reporting of psychiatric morbidity among women with early stage breast cancer. These results are consistent with other recent studies of the HADS. The type of constructs measured by the scale is the likely explanation for its limited utility when screening for psychiatric morbidity in early stage breast cancer.
Improving third-party relaying for LTE-A: A realistic simulation approach

In this article we propose solutions to diverse conflicts that result from the deployment of the (still immature) relay node (RN) technology in LTE-A networks. These conflicts and their possible solutions have been observed by implementing standard-compliant relay functionalities on the Vienna simulator. As an original experimental approach, we model realistic RN operation, taking into account that transmitters are not active all the time due to half-duplex RN operation. We have rearranged existing elements in the simulator in a manner that emulates RN behavior, rather than implementing a standalone brand-new component for the simulator. We also study analytically some of the issues observed in the interaction between the network and the RNs, to draw conclusions beyond simulation observation. The main observations of this paper are that: i) Additional time-varying interference management steps are needed, because the LTE-A standard employs a fixed time division between eNB-RN and RN-UE transmissions (typical relay capacity or throughput research models balance them optimally, which is unrealistic nowadays); ii) There is a trade-off between the time-division constraints of relaying and multi-user diversity; the stricter the constraints on relay scheduling are, the less flexibility schedulers have to exploit channel variation; and iii) Thee standard contains a variety of parameters for relaying configuration, but not all cases of interest are covered.
PJM Capacity Market: Inputs from resource adequacy and transmission planning studies

PJM uses a Loss of Load Expectation criterion for determining the Installed Reserve Margin for the PJM region and Capacity Emergency Transfer Objective for the sub-regions. Power flow analysis is used to determine Capacity Emergency Transfer Limits for the sub-regions. These parameters form key inputs to the PJM Capacity Market. After reviewing several capacity market models with the stakeholders, PJM initiated Reliability Pricing Model (RPM) effective 2007/08. RPM has a three year forward Base Residual Auction that clears resources using a “demand curve” modeled in the PJM region and in the constrained sub-regions. Generation, Demand Resources, Energy Efficiency, and Transmission may compete with each other in the auction. Resources receive revenues in the Delivery Year and are charged penalties for shortfalls due to lack of performance. Load Serving Entities serving load in PJM pay Locational Reliability Charges that meet the resource revenues.
Processing Chinese relative clauses in context

This paper presents a self-paced reading experiment comparing the processing of subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs) and object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs) in supportive contexts in Chinese. It is argued that lack of a consistent pattern in the literature for the comparison between Chinese SRCs and ORCs is due to potential temporary ambiguity in these constructions in null contexts. By placing the materials in contexts biased towards a relative clause (RC) interpretation, we limit the effects of temporary ambiguity. The results of the experiment demonstrate that SRCs are read more slowly than ORCs in supportive contexts. These results provide evidence for working memory-based sentence processing theories whereby processing difficulty increases for connecting sentence elements that are further apart. Some convergent evidence that strengthens these conclusions comes from recent research on aphasic populations where a dissociation between English and Chinese RC processing has been revealed: whereas English aphasic patients have more difficulty with ORCs and Chinese aphasic patients have more difficulty with SRCs (Su, Lee, & Chung, 2007). Taken together, these results support the idea that sentence processing is constrained by working memory limitations.
Communication delay co-design in ℌ2 decentralized control Using atomic norm minimization

It has been shown that ℌ2 decentralized control subject to delay constraints induced by a strongly connected communication graph can be solved by decomposing the controller into a centralized but delayed component, and a decentralized finite impulse response component, the latter of which can be solved for via a linearly constrained quadratic program. In this paper, we propose an atomic norm minimization based variant of this quadratic program that can be used for the co-design of a communication graph that is well suited for the control task.
IBminer: A Text Mining Tool for Constructing and Populating InfoBox Databases and Knowledge Bases

Knowledge bases and structured summaries are playing a crucial role in many applications, such as text summarization, question answering, essay grading, and semantic search. Although, many systems (e.g., DBpedia and YaGo2) provide massive knowledge bases of such summaries, they all suffer from incompleteness, inconsistencies, and inaccuracies. These problems can be addressed and much improved by combining and integrating different knowledge bases, but their very large sizes and their reliance on different terminologies and ontologies make the task very difficult. In this demo, we will demonstrate a system that is achieving good success on this task by: i) employing available interlinks in the current knowledge bases (e.g. externalLink and redirect links in DBpedia) to combine information on individual entities, and ii) using widely available text corpora (e.g. Wikipedia) and our IBminer text-mining system, to generate and verify structured information, and reconcile terminologies across different knowledge bases. We will also demonstrate two tools designed to support the integration process in close collaboration with IBminer. The first is the InfoBox Knowledge-Base Browser (IBKB) which provides structured summaries and their provenance, and the second is the InfoBox Editor (IBE), which is designed to suggest relevant attributes for a user-specified subject, whereby the user can easily improve the knowledge base without requiring any knowledge about the internal terminology of individual systems.
Essentials of Testing and Assessment: A Practical Guide for Counselors, Social Workers, and Psychologists

Section I: UNDERSTANDING THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS: HISTORY, ETHICAL AND PROFESSIONAL ISSUES, DIAGNOSIS, AND THE ASSESSMENT REPORT. 1. History of Testing and Assessment. 2. Ethical, Legal, and Professional Issues in Assessment. 3. Diagnosis in the Assessment Process. 4. The Assessment Report Process: Interviewing the Client and Writing the Report. Section II: TEST WORTHINESS AND TEST STATISTICS. 5. Test Worthiness: Validity, Reliability, Cross-Cultural Fairness, and Practicality. 6. Statistical Concepts: Making Meaning Out of Raw Scores. 7. Statistical Concepts: Creating New Scores to Interpret Test Data. Section III: COMMONLY USED ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES. 8. Assessment of Educational Ability: Survey Battery, Diagnostic, Readiness, and Cognitive Ability Tests. 9. Intellectual and Cognitive Functioning: Intelligence Testing and Neuropsychological Assessment. 10. Career and Occupational Assessment: Interest Inventories, Multiple Aptitude, and Special Aptitude Tests. 11. Clinical Assessment: Objective and Projective Personality Tests. 12. Informal Assessment: Observation, Rating Scales, Classification Methods, Environmental Assessments, Records and Personal Documents, and Performance-Based Assessment.