Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Temporal Representation and Reasoning for the Semantic Web

We introduce period names, a new approach for quantitative and qualitative temporal representation and reasoning of resources in the Semantic Web. Our work has been implemented into the Bremen University Semantic Translator for Enhanced Retrieval (BUSTER). This enables us to perform a query of the form concept@location in time. Motivation and requirements An important part of search in the Web is time-dependent. The W3C recommends a standard that is machine oriented, limited to single points in time, and offers neither meaningful labels nor qualitative relations. Humans however, make use of these features very often. There is thus a need for the development of a new temporal representation scheme and a reasoning engine. A small study of online news articles from BBC News and The New York Times revealed that the temporal terms can be classified into the following groups: (a) Qualitative vs. quantitative. The qualitative altervative covers terms like “now” and “for a long time”, whereas the quantitative altervative covers terms like “on 21 November” and “in the last year”. (b) Absolute vs. relative. The absolute altervative includes terms like “in 2001” and “beginning of November”, whereas the relative altervative covers terms like “earlier” or “in two months”. Taking this into account, requirements for temporal annotation (and reasoning) in the Semantic Web can be formulated: a) Intuitive labelling: label time intervals with intuitive names. b) Boundaries: boundaries of time intervals should be flexible. The required types are exact, fuzzy, persistent, and unknown. c) Structures: an interval can be based on another interval, can be self-defined or imported. Functions (e.g. earliest beginning of) are needed to extract the significant time points from the intervals. d) Explicit qualitative relations: relations between intervals are needed when using persistent or unknown boundaries.
Generating explicit communication from shared-memory program references

The authors address the problem of data distribution and communication synthesis in generating parallel programs targeted for massively parallel distributed-memory machines. The source programs can be sequential, functional, or parallel programs based on a shared-memory model. The approach is to analyze source program references and match syntactic reference patterns with appropriate aggregate communication routines which can be implemented efficiently on the target machine. An explicit communication metric is used to guide optimizations to reduce communication overhead. The target code with explicit communication is proven to be free from deadlock introduced by the compilation process. The techniques described are developed within the context of Crystal (functional language) though they can be applied to Fortran. The Crystal compiler generates C-code for an iPSC/2. <<ETX>>
Pull-Based Distributed Event-Triggered Consensus for Multiagent Systems With Directed Topologies

This paper mainly investigates consensus problem with a pull-based event-triggered feedback control. For each agent, the diffusion coupling feedbacks are based on the states of its in-neighbors at its latest triggering time, and the next triggering time of this agent is determined by its in-neighbors' information. The general directed topologies, including irreducible and reducible cases, are investigated. The scenario of distributed continuous communication is considered first. It is proved that if the network topology has a spanning tree, then the event-triggered coupling algorithm can realize the consensus for the multiagent system. Then, the results are extended to discontinuous communication, i.e., self-triggered control, where each agent computes its next triggering time in advance without having to observe the system's states continuously. The effectiveness of the theoretical results is illustrated by a numerical example finally.
Influencing parameters on performance of a mantle heat exchanger for a solar water heater - a simulation study

Thermal performance of a solar water heater mainly depends on the thermal stratification. Thermal stratification in solar water tanks is essential for a better performance of energy storage systems where these tanks are integrated. In this research work, the performance of a solar water heater with a mantle heat exchanger is investigated experimentally. The heat exchanger is assessed for a range of operating conditions to quantify both the mantle side and the tank side heat transfer coefficients and the effect of thermal stratification in the tank. The experiments arte simulated and validated by using CFD tool ANSYS-CFX and a good agreement is obtained between experiments and simulations. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of location of hot fluid inlet, mass flow rate of mantle fluid and type of hot fluid on the performance of the mantle heat exchanger. Keywords: Performance of mantle heat exchanger, mantle side heat transfer coefficient, tank side heat transfer coefficient, operating conditions, ANSYS-CFX, hot fluid inlet, mass flow rate, type of hot fluid
A conceptual virtual reality model

Virtual reality involves the creation and experience of environments. Its central objective is to place the participant in an environment that is not normally or easily experienced. This objective is satisfied by establishing a relationship between the participant and the created environment. Accordingly, we developed a three-tiered definition of VR that addresses respectively what VR is, how it is accomplished, and its effect/spl minus/both of VR on the participant and of the participant on the environment. The distinguishing "what" of VR is its extension of the human-computer interface. Engineering discipline requires precise and consistent definitions of each interfaced system. However, despite numerous studies, there are no such definitions of human perceptual systems. We must therefore rely on more qualitative definitions. As a basis for a conceptual VR model, we adopted J.J. Gibson's descriptions of human perceptual and muscle systems (J.J. Gibson, 1986). The model proposed includes a human model to show the experiential side of VR systems and a technical confection model for the creation of a participatory environment. Together these models define a conceptual VR system from a systems perspective that includes the human participant. <<ETX>>
Stereo Rectiflcation of Un-calibrated and Heterogeneous Image-Pairs

In this paper, an algorithm to rectify a pair of heterogeneous images is presented. In particular, the pair of images is captured by using difierent sensors like static and dynamic cameras thus having difierent focal lengths and/or image resolutions. This combination of cameras is used as a binocular vision system. The pairs of images are made homogeneous based on the focal ratio of the two cameras. Zero padding and image shrinking operations are performed on stereo images to make them homoge- neous in terms of size. The rectiflcation transformations are calculated by solving a nonlinear constrained optimization problem for given pairs of corresponding points between stereo images. These pairs of matching points between stereo images are obtained using scale invariant features matching (SIFT matching). Experiments are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method using pairs of real stereo images. An error analysis is proposed to assess the improvements of the proposed method over the direct rectiflcation. The proposed method is useful in stereoscopic as well as in video-surveillance applications.
Neuregulin 1 Prevents Phencyclidine-Induced Behavioral Impairments and Disruptions to GABAergic Signaling in Mice

Background: Substantial evidence from human post-mortem and genetic studies has linked the neurotrophic factor neuregulin 1 (NRG1) to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Genetic animal models and in vitro experiments have suggested that altered NRG1 signaling, rather than protein changes, contributes to the symptomatology of schizophrenia. However, little is known about the effect of NRG1 on schizophrenia-relevant behavior and neurotransmission (particularly GABAergic and glutamatergic) in adult animals. Method: To address this question, we treated adult mice with the extracellular signaling domain of NRG1 and assessed spontaneous locomotor activity and acoustic startle response, as well as extracellular GABA, glutamate, and glycine levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus via microdialysis. Furthermore, we asked whether the effect of NRG1 would differ under schizophrenia-relevant impairments in mice and therefore co-treated mice with NRG1 and phencyclidine (PCP) (3mg/kg). Results: Acute intraventricularly- or systemically-injected NRG1 did not affect spontaneous behavior, but prevented PCP induced hyperlocomotion and deficits of prepulse inhibition. NRG1 retrodialysis (10nM) reduced extracellular glutamate and glycine levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and prevented PCP-induced increase in extracellular GABA levels in the hippocampus. Conclusion: With these results, we provide the first compelling in vivo evidence for the involvement of NRG1 signaling in schizophrenia-relevant behavior and neurotransmission in the adult nervous system, which highlight its treatment potential. Furthermore, the ability of NRG1 treatment to alter GABA, glutamate, and glycine levels in the presence of PCP also suggests that NRG1 signaling has the potential to alter disrupted neurotransmission in patients with schizophrenia.
SEMANTIC TERM BASED INFORMATION RETRIEVAL USING ONTOLOGY

Information Searching and retrieval is a challenging task in the traditional keyword based textual information retrieval system. In the growing information age, adding huge data every day the searching problem also augmented. Keyword based retrieval system returns bulk of junk document irrelevant to query. To address the limitations, this paper proposed query terms along with semantic terms for information retrieval using multiple ontology reference. User query sometimes reflects multiple domain of interest that persist us to collect semantically related ontologies. If no related ontology exists then WordNet ontology used to retrieve semantic terms related to query term. In this approach, classes on the ontology derived as semantic related text keywords, these keywords considered for rank the documents.
Neural Machine Transliteration: Preliminary Results

Machine transliteration is the process of automatically transforming the script of a word from a source language to a target language, while preserving pronunciation. Sequence to sequence learning has recently emerged as a new paradigm in supervised learning. In this paper a character-based encoder-decoder model has been proposed that consists of two Recurrent Neural Networks. The encoder is a Bidirectional recurrent neural network that encodes a sequence of symbols into a fixed-length vector representation, and the decoder generates the target sequence using an attention-based recurrent neural network. The encoder, the decoder and the attention mechanism are jointly trained to maximize the conditional probability of a target sequence given a source sequence. Our experiments on different datasets show that the proposed encoder-decoder model is able to achieve significantly higher transliteration quality over traditional statistical models.
High-accurate vehicle localization using digital maps and coherency images

Accurate, reliable, and affordable vehicle localization is one important task in current automotive research activities. It enables technologies like cooperative systems or enhanced map based assistance systems. There are a wide variety of approaches to reach this higher accuracy. The algorithm presented in this paper utilizes image landmarks in combination with a low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver and vehicle odometry to achieve this. While similar approaches often extract features from camera images and match those features with map information, the algorithm presented in this work directly transforms map feature data, creating a image of map features, like the camera would see it. The evaluation of this image prediction uses the coherency value, which is derived from the structure tensor. By predicting the whole image, the incorporation of the map information is moved from feature level to signal level. The likelihood models used for the evaluation of the coherency image are derived from real, manually labeled data. We present promising results of a test drive in an area with complex intersections. Those results are compared to ground truth data.
Per-Pixel Displacement Mapping and Distance Maps

Based on a standard software ray-tracer with soft shadowing and glossy reflection capabilities, I present a per-pixel displacement mapping algorithm. This algorithm modifies the intersection routine already used for shadows and reflections and so they are preserved. The algorithm relies on a distance map, which along with a normal map for lighting information, can be generated for each point in the displacement map input. The distance map allows efficient calculation of dynamic sampling of the displacement map by an intersecting ray. As perpixel displacement mapping can be implemented in a modern GPU pixel shader, this algorithm has many future possibilities.
Assertive Environmental Advertising and Reactance: Differences Between South Koreans and Americans

In three studies, the authors show that Americans and South Koreans react differently to environmental advertising campaigns featuring assertive messages that threaten autonomous freedoms. The findings uphold their hypothesis that cultural differences determine whether consumers will show reactance to assertive advertising campaigns. Study 1 demonstrates that Americans are less receptive to an assertive recycling message using imperatives such as should, must, and ought and more receptive to a nonassertive message using could, might, and worth. South Koreans do not show the reactance response. Study 2, an energy-saving campaign, conceptually replicates the findings and further shows that perceived threat to freedom mediates the effects. Study 3 uses a realistic setting (i.e., online magazine) to further support the hypothesis that cultural differences affect attitudes toward assertive messages, but adds perceived politeness as an underlying second mediator.
POMDP Homomorphisms

The problem of finding hidden state in a POMDP and the problem of finding abstractions for MDPs are closely related. In this paper, we analyze the connection between existing Predictive State Representation methods [3] and homomorphic reductions of Markov Processes [5, 6]. We formally define a POMDP homomorphism, then extend PSR reduction methods to find POMDP homomorphisms when the original POMDP is known. The resulting methods find more compact abstract models in tasks for which different observations have the same meaning.
Scary films good, scary flights bad: topic driven feature selection for classification of sentiment

This paper describes preliminary work on feature selection for classification of review text by both sentiment rating and topic. The premise stems from the notion that one size does not fit all; that feature sets for sentiment analysis should be tailored to the topic of a text. Thus it naturally follows that for this to be effective it is also necessary to first determine the topic of a text. Following successful work on classification of texts by author demographics, a corpus of review texts labelled with attributed rating, topic area, and user demographics has been compiled. This collection was divided for this work into different topic groups in order to automatically classify between both text topic and subjective rating. By using a single supervised statistical approach to feature selection, it is shown that improvements can be made to classification accuracy using topic tuned features sets over more generic features.
Elevated Expression of Chemokine CXCL13 in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Links to Immune Control during Antiviral Therapy

C–X–C-chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), the ligand for C–X–C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5), is a major regulator of B-cell trafficking and plays an integral role in age-dependent clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the mouse model. However, the expression and function of CXCL13 in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remain unknown. By use of liver cell subpopulations isolated from CHB patients, we found that CXCL13 mRNA was abundantly expressed in Kupffer cells (KCs), but not in primary hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatic stellate cells. Interestingly, KC isolated from HBV-positive liver had much higher level of CXCL13 expression than non-HBV-infected controls. And its expression was induced by toll-like receptor 3 ligand poly I:C stimulation. Moreover, intense expression of CXCL13 protein and accumulation of CD4+ T and B cells were evident in follicular-like structures in the liver tissue of CHB patients, which indicated its chemotactic effect on CXCR5+ CD4+ cells and B cells. Consistently, the levels of serum CXCL13 were significantly higher in the CHB patients than in healthy controls. Furthermore, CXCL13 concentration was increased in the complete response (CR) group during weeks 0–12 and did not change significantly during the course of telbivudine treatment, compared with the patients who didn’t achieve CR. In conclusion, the HBV-related increase of CXCL13 production in KC and serum CXCL13 level during telbivudine treatment might be associated with immune control of chronic HBV infection.
What big lips are good for: on the adaptive function of repeatedly evolved hypertrophied lips of cichlid fishes

Linking phenotypic traits to an adaptive ecological function is a major goal of evolutionary biology. However, this task is challenging and has been accomplished in only a handful of species and ecological model systems. The repeatedly evolved adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes are composed of an enormously diverse set of species that differ in trophic morphology, body shape, coloration, and behaviour. Ecological guilds of species with conspicuously hypertrophied lips have evolved in parallel in all major cichlid radiations and are characterized by large lips and pointed and narrow heads. In the present study, we experimentally tested the adaptive significance of this set of conspicuous traits by comparing the success of hypertrophied-lipped and closely-related thin-lipped endemic Lake Victoria cichlids in a novel foraging assay. The hypertrophied-lipped species (Haplochromis chilotes) was clearly more successful in exploiting food resources from narrow crevices and the observed difference in foraging success increased more at narrower angles. Furthermore, pronounced differences in exploratory behaviour between the species suggest that the evolution of hypertrophied-lipped species involved the co-evolution of a suite of traits that include foraging behaviour. The repeated evolution of hypertrophied-lip morphology in conjunction with a narrow and pointed head shape in cichlids represents an evolutionary innovation that facilitates foraging in rocky crevices, thus allowing access to a novel niche. © 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 115, 448–455.
Flexible team-based access control using contexts

We discuss the integration of contextual information with team-based access control. The TMAC model was formulated by Thomas in [1] to provide access control for collaborative activity best accomplished by teams of users. In TMAC, access control revolves around teams, where a "team" is an abstraction that encapsulates a collection of users in specific roles and collaborating with the objective of accomplishing a specific task or goal. Users who belong to a team are given access to resources used by a team. However, the effective permissions of a user are always derived from permission types defined for roles that the user belongs to. TMAC is an example of what we call "active security models". These models are aware of the context associated with an ongoing activity in providing access control and thus distinguish the passive concept of permission assignment from the active concept of context-based permission activation. The ability to integrate contextual information allows models such as TMAC to be flexible and express a variety of access policies that can provide tight and just-in-time permission activation.
Financial Performance and Participation in Medicaid and Medi-Cal Managed Care

This article assesses the participation and the financial performance of licensed health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in the Medicaid market. The study found that participation by Medicaid Dominant plans has more than doubled from 11 percent in 1992 to 23 percent in 1998 while Medicaid membership in Commercial Dominant plans declined from 71 percent in 1994 to 51 percent in 1998. Both participating and non-participating plans incurred operating losses in 1998. Medi-Cal participating plans had higher operating margins than Medicaid participating plans throughout the United States. Interviews with key informants express concern about competence in program management, rate adequacy, decline in Medicaid enrollment, and turbulence forces of managed care market on Medicaid programs.
Cities in music videos: Audiovisual variations on London’s neoliberal skyline

Despite the resurgence of music video clips in the YouTube era, they have not received attention as a specific subject of inquiry in either cultural or urban geography. This article is aimed at providing a full consideration of music videos with a focus on the urban realm. In particular, the paper concentrates on how neoliberal iconic buildings and city skylines emerge in music videos by using London as a case study. Drawing from recent developments within architectural geography and urban morphology, as well as in the geocultural subfields of music geography, media geography and film geography, the paper shows how a partial return to critical traditional interests and text-based research styles could be still useful to appreciate the mutable, fluid, and affective ways in which skylines are mediated. The empirical part of the paper provides an analysis of three music videos set in London and with lyrics and music that refer to a mood or feeling ascribed to London’s iconic architecture.1
Surveillance and outbreak reports Imported diphyllobothriasis in Switzerland : molecular methods to define a clinical case of Diphyllobothrium infection as Diphyllobothrium dendriticum , August 2010

Following a first clinical case of infection by Diphyllobothrium dendriticum in Switzerland in 2006, we report a second case in the country. The species was identified by molecular methods. In the Swiss, French and Italian subalpine regions, human diphyllobothriasis has seen a comeback since the late 1980’s, and Diphyllobothrium latum is usually considered the causative agent of the disease. In addition, several locally acquired and imported clinical infections due to allochthonous Diphyllobothrium species have been documented in the last years. Due to the colonisation potential of these parasites and their probably underestimated presence in the human population, there is a need for discriminating them at the medical laboratory level. Because the morphological characters are very similar among the different taxa, a correct identification requires the use of molecular methods. Molecular identification would improve diagnosis and help monitor the distribution of Diphyllobothrium species in Europe.