Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pre-distortion of nonlinear power amplifiers using ABC and PSO algorithms

Power amplifiers are important components in every communication system. Power amplifiers are naturally nonlinear in nature. To have a good power amplifier without compromising its linearity, power amplifier linearization is important. There are different methods available for linearization. The inflexibility in defining the system for analysis or processing is the major drawback associated with these approaches and most of the works use analytical functions to be minimized; however, there is a lack of procedures or steps for effectively minimizing the function with various constraints. Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms can be used to overcome the lagging performance due to linearity problem. The PSO algorithm provides the best solution. Therefore the PSO algorithms is proposed to rectify and find a better solution for the minimization functions. Many computational complexities which affect the performance of the pre-distortion will be avoided. The new technique will be enhanced with a criterion that reduce the computational complexities and overcomes the overall prevailing problems.
Time in meditation and sex differences related to intrapersonal and interpersonal orientation

3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
Image watercolorization based on visual weight-map

This paper presents a watercolor rendering technique that recreates the artistic effects. Visual features make focused object apply different simulation value. The method is organized in two steps: Image abstraction based on the weight-map; Detail verisimilitude of watercolor features. Verisimilitude includes color space conversion, boundary region diffusion, morphological smoothing, and adding texture. In experiments, amount of color images were processed for promoting reality. The result indicates this method is more efficient and suitable for image watercolorization.
Balance Maintenance in High-Speed Motion of Humanoid Robot Arm-Based on the 6D Constraints of Momentum Change Rate

Based on the 6D constraints of momentum change rate (CMCR), this paper puts forward a real-time and full balance maintenance method for the humanoid robot during high-speed movement of its 7-DOF arm. First, the total momentum formula for the robot's two arms is given and the momentum change rate is defined by the time derivative of the total momentum. The author also illustrates the idea of full balance maintenance and analyzes the physical meaning of 6D CMCR and its fundamental relation to full balance maintenance. Moreover, discretization and optimization solution of CMCR has been provided with the motion constraint of the auxiliary arm's joint, and the solving algorithm is optimized. The simulation results have shown the validity and generality of the proposed method on the full balance maintenance in the 6 DOFs of the robot body under 6D CMCR. This method ensures 6D dynamics balance performance and increases abundant ZMP stability margin. The resulting motion of the auxiliary arm has large abundance in joint space, and the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of these joints lie within the predefined limits. The proposed algorithm also has good real-time performance.
"Stuff goes into the computer and doesn't come out": a cross-tool study of personal information management

This paper reports a study of Personal Information Management (PIM), which advances research in two ways: (1) rather than focusing on one tool, we collected cross-tool data relating to file, email and web bookmark usage for each participant, and (2) we collected longitudinal data for a subset of the participants. We found that individuals employ a rich variety of strategies both within and across PIM tools, and we present new strategy classifications that reflect this behaviour. We discuss synergies and differences between tools that may be useful in guiding the design of tool integration. Our longitudinal data provides insight into how PIM behaviour evolves over time, and suggests how the supporting nature of PIM discourages reflection by users on their strategies. We discuss how the promotion of some reflection by tools and organizations may benefit users.
On the surjectivity of mod ℓ$\ell$ representations associated to elliptic curves

Let E$E$ be an elliptic curve over the rationals that does not have complex multiplication. For each prime ℓ$\ell$ , the action of the absolute Galois group on the ℓ$\ell$ ‐torsion points of E$E$ can be given in terms of a Galois representation ρE,ℓ:Gal(Q¯/Q)→GL2(Fℓ)$\rho _{E,\ell }\colon \operatorname{Gal}({\overline{\mathbb {Q}}}/\mathbb {Q}) \rightarrow \operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb {F}_\ell )$ . An important theorem of Serre says that ρE,ℓ$\rho _{E,\ell }$ is surjective for all sufficiently large ℓ$\ell$ . In this paper, we describe a simple algorithm based on Serre's proof that can quickly determine the finite set of primes ℓ>13$\ell >13$ for which ρE,ℓ$\rho _{E,\ell }$ is not surjective. We will also give some improved bounds for Serre's theorem.
Synthesizing whole slide images

The increasing availability of digital whole slide images opens new perspectives for computer-assisted image analysis complementing modern histopathology, assuming we can implement reliable and efficient image analysis algorithms to extract the biologically relevant information. Both validation and supervised learning techniques typically rely on ground truths manually made by human experts. However, this task is difficult, subjective and usually not exhaustive. This is a well-known issue in the field of biomedical imaging, and a common solution is the use of artificial “phantoms”. Following this trend, we study the feasibility of synthesizing artificial histological images to create perfect ground truths. In this paper, we show that it is possible to generate a synthetic whole slide image with reasonable computing resources, and we propose a way to evaluate its quality.
Advanced Techniques in CBIR: Local Descriptors, Visual Dictionaries and Bags of Features

Local descriptors have been extensively used in CBIR systems, where their robustness to intense geometric and photometric transformations allows the identification of a target object/image with great reliability. However, due to their excessive discriminating power, their application to the retrieval of complex categories is challenging. The introduction of the technique of visual dictionaries (also known as dictionary of visual terms) is an important step towards the conciliation between the robustness of local descriptors and the flexibility of generalization needed by complex queries. As a bonus, we become able to employ advanced retrieval techniques which were so far available only for textual data.
Demazure Crystals, Kirillov-Reshetikhin Crystals, and the Energy Function

It has previously been shown that, at least for non-exceptional Kac{Moody Lie algebras, there is a close connection between Demazure crystals and tensor products of Kirillov{Reshetikhin crystals. In particular, certain Demazure crystals are isomorphic as classical crystals to tensor products of Kirillov{Reshetikhin crystals via a canonically chosen isomorphism. Here we show that this isomorphism intertwines the natural ane grading on Demazure crystals with a combinatorially dened energy function. As a consequence, we obtain a formula of the Demazure character in terms of the energy function, which has applications to Macdonald polynomials and q-deformed Whittaker functions.
Scale-Space Behavior of Planar-Curve Corners

The curvature scale-space (CSS) technique is suitable for extracting curvature features from objects with noisy boundaries. To detect corner points in a multiscale framework, Rattarangsi and Chin investigated the scale-space behavior of planar-curve corners. Unfortunately, their investigation was based on an incorrect assumption, viz., that planar curves have no shrinkage under evolution. In the present paper, this mistake is corrected. First, it is demonstrated that a planar curve may shrink nonuniformly as it evolves across increasing scales. Then, by taking into account the shrinkage effect of evolved curves, the CSS trajectory maps of various corner models are investigated and their properties are summarized. The scale-space trajectory of a corner may either persist, vanish, merge with a neighboring trajectory, or split into several trajectories. The scale-space trajectories of adjacent corners may attract each other when the corners have the same concavity, or repel each other when the corners have opposite concavities. Finally, we present a standard curvature measure for computing the CSS maps of digital curves, with which it is shown that planar-curve corners have consistent scale-space behavior in the digital case as in the continuous case.
Endogenously synthesized peptide with an endoplasmic reticulum signal sequence sensitizes antigen processing mutant cells to class I- restricted cell-mediated lysis

The HLA-A2-positive human mutant cell line T2 is not lysed by influenza virus-specific HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic lymphocytes after virus infection. However, lysis does occur when cells are incubated with the antigenic influenza matrix protein-derived peptide M57-68. To examine the nature of this defect, T2 cells were transfected with two different plasmids. One plasmid encoded the peptide M57-68, and the other encoded the same peptide preceded by an endoplasmic reticulum translocation signal sequence. Mutant T2 cells expressing the M57-68 peptide without the signal sequence were not susceptible to lysis by M57-68-specific HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whereas T2 cells expressing the M57-68 peptide plus signal sequence were lysed effectively. Lysis of parental T1 cells with either plasmid was equally effective. These results suggest that the T2 mutant cells are defective in the transport of antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the secretory pathway.
Construction of biological networks from unstructured information based on a semi-automated curation workflow

Abstract Capture and representation of scientific knowledge in a structured format are essential to improve the understanding of biological mechanisms involved in complex diseases. Biological knowledge and knowledge about standardized terminologies are difficult to capture from literature in a usable form. A semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow is presented that was developed to allow users to extract causal and correlative relationships from scientific literature and to transcribe them into the computable and human readable Biological Expression Language (BEL). The workflow combines state-of-the-art linguistic tools for recognition of various entities and extraction of knowledge from literature sources. Unlike most other approaches, the workflow outputs the results to a curation interface for manual curation and converts them into BEL documents that can be compiled to form biological networks. We developed a new semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow that was designed to capture and organize scientific knowledge and reduce the required curation skills and effort for this task. The workflow was used to build a network that represents the cellular and molecular mechanisms implicated in atherosclerotic plaque destabilization in an apolipoprotein-E-deficient (ApoE −/− ) mouse model. The network was generated using knowledge extracted from the primary literature. The resultant atherosclerotic plaque destabilization network contains 304 nodes and 743 edges supported by 33 PubMed referenced articles. A comparison between the semi-automated and conventional curation processes showed similar results, but significantly reduced curation effort for the semi-automated process. Creating structured knowledge from unstructured text is an important step for the mechanistic interpretation and reusability of knowledge. Our new semi-automated knowledge extraction workflow reduced the curation skills and effort required to capture and organize scientific knowledge. The atherosclerotic plaque destabilization network that was generated is a causal network model for vascular disease demonstrating the usefulness of the workflow for knowledge extraction and construction of mechanistically meaningful biological networks.
Vascular Health and Risk Management Endoglin : a critical mediator of cardiovascular health

Navin K Kapur1 Kevin J Morine1 Michelle Letarte2,3 1Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; 2Molecular Structure and Function Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 3The Heart and Stroke Foundation Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, and the Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
A Cross-Category Analysis of the Effects of Consumer Reviews and Ratings

Online consumer ratings and reviews have become very popular among online retailers and are found to influence the sales of experience goods. However, their effects on the sales of search or quasi-experience goods remain unknown. Using data collected from Amazon.com, we examine how the impacts of consumer ratings and reviews differ across product categories. Our results suggest that the sales of experience goods such as books are affected by consumer ratings and reviews, but the sales of quasi-experience and search goods such as digital cameras and USB flash drives are not. In addition, as the price of an experience item increases, consumer ratings and reviews become more influential on sales.
Effective Heuristics and Belief Tracking for Planning with Incomplete Information

Conformant planning can be formulated as a path-finding problem in belief space where the two main challenges are the heuristics to guide the search, and the representation and update of beliefs. In the translation-based approach recently introduced by Palacios and Geffner, the two aspects are handled together by translating conformant problems into classical ones that are solved with classical planners. While competitive with state-of-the-art methods, the translation-based approach runs however into three difficulties. First, complete translations are expensive for problems with high width; second, incomplete translations can generate infinite heuristic values for problems that are solvable; and third, aspects that are specific to the conformant setting, such as the cardinality of beliefs, are not accounted for.In this work, we build on the translation-based approach but not for solving conformant problems with a classical planner but for deriving heuristics and computing beliefs in the context of a standard belief-space planner. For this, a novel translation KSi is introduced that is always complete, but which is sound for problems with width bounded by i. A new conformant planner, called T1, builds then on this translation for i=1, extending the heuristic that results with a second heuristic obtained from invariant "oneof expressions". A number of experiments is performed to compare T1 with state-of-the-art conformant planners.
A Guide to Heuristic-based Path Planning

We describe a family of recently developed heuristicbased algorithms used for path planning in the real world. We discuss the fundamental similarities between static algorithms (e.g. A*), replanning algorithms (e.g. D*), anytime algorithms (e.g. ARA*), and anytime replanning algorithms (e.g. AD*). We introduce the motivation behind each class of algorithms, discuss their use on real robotic systems, and highlight their practical benefits and disadvantages.
Conflict Management in an Occupational Community for Free Software Development

In this paper, we present results from the study of how conflict is managed in a globally distributed free software development project. Conflict arises over the use of a nonfree tool to create a GNU Enterprise (GNUe) Website graphic. The GNUe developers resolve the conflict using Internet Relay Chat (IRC), persistent relay chats, threaded email discussions, and community digests. We characterize the GNUe virtual organization as an occupational community and show how the beliefs in free software and freedom of choice, and values in cooperative work and community assist GNUe contributors in managing and resolving conflict.
Patient satisfaction, empowerment, and health and disability status effects of a disease management-health promotion nurse intervention among Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities.

PURPOSE To report the impact on patient and informal caregiver satisfaction, patient empowerment, and health and disability status of a primary care-affiliated disease self-management-health promotion nurse intervention for Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities and recent significant health services use. DESIGN AND METHODS The Medicare Primary and Consumer-Directed Care Demonstration was a 24-month randomized controlled trial that included a nurse intervention. The present study (N = 766) compares the nurse (n = 382) and control (n = 384) groups. Generalized linear models for repeated measures, linear regression, and ordered logit regression were used. RESULTS The patients whose activities of daily living (ADL) were reported by the same respondent at baseline and 22 months following baseline had significantly fewer dependencies at 22 months than did the control group (p = .038). This constituted the vast majority of respondents. In addition, patient satisfaction significantly improved for 6 of 7 domains, whereas caregiver satisfaction improved for 2 of 8 domains. However, the intervention had no effect on empowerment, self-rated health, the SF-36 physical and mental health summary scores, and the number of dependencies in instrumental ADL. IMPLICATION If confirmed in other studies, this intervention holds the potential to reduce the rate of functional decline and improve satisfaction for Medicare beneficiaries with ADL dependence.
Sedimentation Pulse in the NE Gulf of Mexico following the 2010 DWH Blowout

The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil discharge at the seafloor as recorded in bottom sediments of the DeSoto Canyon region in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Through a close coupling of sedimentological, geochemical, and biological approaches, multiple independent lines of evidence from 11 sites sampled in November/December 2010 revealed that the upper ~1 cm depth interval is distinct from underlying sediments and results indicate that particles originated at the sea surface. Consistent dissimilarities in grain size over the surficial ~1 cm of sediments correspond to excess 234Th depths, which indicates a lack of vertical mixing (bioturbation), suggesting the entire layer was deposited within a 4–5 month period. Further, a time series from four deep-sea sites sampled up to three additional times over the following two years revealed that excess 234Th depths, accumulation rates, and 234Th inventories decreased rapidly, within a few to several months after initial coring. The interpretation of a rapid sedimentation pulse is corroborated by stratification in solid phase Mn, which is linked to diagenesis and redox change, and the dramatic decrease in benthic formanifera density that was recorded in surficial sediments. Results are consistent with a brief depositional pulse that was also reported in previous studies of sediments, and marine snow formation in surface waters closer to the wellhead during the summer and fall of 2010. Although sediment input from the Mississippi River and advective transport may influence sedimentation on the seafloor in the DeSoto Canyon region, we conclude based on multidisciplinary evidence that the sedimentation pulse in late 2010 is the product of marine snow formation and is likely linked to the DWH discharge.
0 . 1 lognorm : Log-Normal Regression for Duration Dependent Variables

The log-normal model describes an event's duration, the dependent variable, as a function of a set of explanatory variables. The log-normal model may take time censored dependent variables, and allows the hazard rate to increase and decrease. Syntax > z.out <-zelig(Surv(Y, C) ~ X, model = "lognorm", data = mydata) > x.out <-setx(z.out) > s.out <-sim(z.out, x = x.out) Log-normal models require that the dependent variable be in the form Surv(Y, C), where Y and C are vectors of length n. For each observation i in 1,. , n, the value y i is the duration (lifetime, for example) of each subject, and the associated c i is a binary variable such that c i = 1 if the duration is not censored (e.g., the subject dies during the study) or c i = 0 if the duration is censored (e.g., the subject is still alive at the end of the study). If c i is omitted, all Y are assumed to be completed; that is, time defaults to 1 for all observations. Input Values In addition to the standard inputs, zelig() takes the following additional options for log-normal regression:  robust: defaults to FALSE. If TRUE, zelig() computes robust standard errors based on sandwich estimators (see Huber (1981) and White (1980)) based on the options in cluster.  cluster: if robust = TRUE, you may select a variable to define groups of correlated observations. Let x3 be a variable that consists of either discrete numeric values, character strings, or factors that define strata. Then > z.out <-zelig(y ~ x1 + x2, robust = TRUE, cluster = "x3", model = "exp", data = mydata) means that the observations can be correlated within the strata defined by the variable x3, and that robust standard errors should be calculated according to those clusters. If robust = TRUE but cluster is not specified, zelig() assumes that each observation falls into its own cluster.
The Employment of Lone Mothers in Denmark and Great Britain

Summary This paper explores possible reasons for the higher employment rate among lone mothers in Denmark than among lone mothers in Great Britain, during the early 1990s. It consists of two parts. Part A is a review of some background factors which might contribute to an explanation, with a particular focus on the economic and institutional frameworks: wages, benefits and childcare provision. Part B presents and discusses results from an analysis of lone mothers' probability of employment in the two countries, focusing on several predictions which were drawn from the initial review. Any findings or conclusions should be regarded as tentative, because of limitations in the time period considered, the sources available (Danish-language sources were not included), the small range of variables which could be compared across countries for the analysis reported in Part B, and the exploratory (rather than rigorous) nature of the analysis techniques adopted.