Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fibronectin Modulates Cell Adhesion and Signaling to Promote Single Cell Migration of Highly Invasive Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cell migration is regulated by adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) through integrins and activation of small RhoGTPases, such as RhoA and Rac1, resulting in changes to actomyosin organization. During invasion, epithelial-derived tumor cells switch from laminin-enriched basal membrane to collagen and fibronectin-enriched connective tissue. How this switch affects the tumor migration is still unclear. We tested the hypothesis that ECM dictates the invasiveness of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). We analyzed the migratory properties of two OSCC lines, a low invasive cell line with high e-cadherin levels (Linv/HE-cad) or a highly invasive cell line with low e-cadherin levels (Hinv/LE-cad), plated on different ECM components. Compared to laminin, fibronectin induced non-directional collective migration and decreased RhoA activity in Linv/HE-cad OSCC. For Hinv/LE-cad OSCC, fibronectin increased Rac1 activity and induced smaller adhesions, resulting in a fast single cell migration in both 2D and 3D environments. Consistent with these observations, human OSCC biopsies exhibited similar changes in cell-ECM adhesion distribution at the invasive front of the tumor, where cells encounter fibronectin. Our results indicate that ECM composition might induce a switch from collective to single cell migration according to tumor invasiveness due to changes in cell-ECM adhesion and the resulting signaling pathways that alter actomyosin organization.
Patience and Mental Health in Iranian Students

Background: While the role of some personality traits has been comprehensively explored, scientific study of others, such as patience has been neglected. Psychologists have paid scant attention to patience as a personality trait, character strength or virtue. Objectives: The current study examined the relationship between patience and life satisfaction, mental health, and personality. Materials and Methods: A sample of 252 Iranian college students (129 females and 123 males) completed the 3-factor patience scale, satisfaction with life scale, general health questionnaire, anxiety and depression scales and mini international personality item pool-big five. Results: The three types of patience (interpersonal, life hardship, and daily hassles) were associated with higher levels of life satisfaction and lower levels of depression, anxiety and psychological dysfunction. Patience also showed moderate relationship with the Big-Five factors of personality. After controlling the personality factors, patience managed to explain additional unique variance in life satisfaction and mental health indicators. Conclusions: Patience is a unique predictor of mental well-being. It is suggested that long-term patience is more important for depression and general health, whereas short-term patience is more beneficial for hedonic well-being.
Highly sensitive detection and localization of maternally acquired human cytomegalovirus in placental tissue by in situ polymerase chain reaction.

BACKGROUND Transplacental transmission of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) can result in congenital malformations, although details on the mechanisms of transmission and the location of CMV in infected placentae need to be described.METHODS. Placental tissue from term (third trimester) deliveries was screened for CMV infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in situ PCR (IS-PCR), and IS reverse-transcriptase PCR (IS RT-PCR). RESULTS. CMV DNA was detected in tissue samples from 11 placentae that had been determined to be negative for CMV during routine pathological examination. IS-PCR demonstrated the presence of CMV DNA in all cell types within placental villi, and IS RT-PCR further defined this result by identifying viral transcripts from all stages of replication. CMV DNA and RNA were shown to be highly concentrated in placental trophoblast cells. The infecting viruses were detected with primers specific for the major immediate early section of the genome (UL122/123), the UL21.5 virion gene, and the glycoprotein B (gB) gene and were determined to be predominantly genotype gB2. Therefore, maternal and fetal host factors, as well as viral load and possibly viral genotype, may all affect the outcome of placental CMV infection.CONCLUSION. Placental villi are involved in the transfer of blood from maternal to fetal circulation. Infection and replication of CMV within placental trophoblasts suggests that these structures may be involved in the transmission of CMV.
A Descriptive Framework for Translating Speaker’s Meaning

A framework for translating speaker's meaning or intention is proposed based on two notions, Illocutionary Force Types (IFTs) for analysis and Decision Parameters (DPs) for generation. IFTs are a certain kind of classification of utterances concerning speaker's meaning. DPs present background information of language use in order to derive an appropriate expression from speaker's meaning. In Japanese, IFTs can be derived automatically through syntactical constraints. To generate appropriate expressions, language-specific communication strategies related to DP values should be given a priori. The whole process is performed in a unification-based framework.
How to Control the Allocation of Parallel Applications: a Survey on Tools and Language Constructs

The paper focuses on the allocation area, with the aim of providing a survey on systems that provides facilities to codify the behaviour of an application with regard to its allocation onto a target architecture. The paper analyses the design issues that arise in the definition of these facilities and presents the solutions adopted in several systems and programming environments. Open issues and future directions of research
2-Deoxyglucose Impairs Saccharomyces cerevisiae Growth by Stimulating Snf1-Regulated and α-Arrestin-Mediated Trafficking of Hexose Transporters 1 and 3

ABSTRACT The glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) inhibits the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human tumor cells, but its modes of action have not been fully elucidated. Yeast cells lacking Snf1 (AMP-activated protein kinase) are hypersensitive to 2DG. Overexpression of either of two low-affinity, high-capacity glucose transporters, Hxt1 and Hxt3, suppresses the 2DG hypersensitivity of snf1Δ cells. The addition of 2DG or the loss of Snf1 reduces HXT1 and HXT3 expression levels and stimulates transporter endocytosis and degradation in the vacuole. 2DG-stimulated trafficking of Hxt1 and Hxt3 requires Rod1/Art4 and Rog3/Art7, two members of the α-arrestin trafficking adaptor family. Mutations in ROD1 and ROG3 that block binding to the ubiquitin ligase Rsp5 eliminate Rod1- and Rog3-mediated trafficking of Hxt1 and Hxt3. Genetic analysis suggests that Snf1 negatively regulates both Rod1 and Rog3, but via different mechanisms. Snf1 activated by 2DG phosphorylates Rod1 but fails to phosphorylate other known targets, such as the transcriptional repressor Mig1. We propose a novel mechanism for 2DG-induced toxicity whereby 2DG stimulates the modification of α-arrestins, which promote glucose transporter internalization and degradation, causing glucose starvation even when cells are in a glucose-rich environment.
Motion Segmentation using Mathematical Morphology

Motion segmentation is one of the first steps in image sequence applications. The problem has been extensively studied and approached in several ways but it remains a difficult task even for sequences acquired by stationary cameras. In this paper we propose a novel algorithm that is based on mathematical morphology. The algorithm is simple to be implemented, less subject to lighting changes and more robust to false positives. It has been tested in security cameras' image sequences showing promising results. Some algorithms from literature have been implemented and compared to the one described here
COMET: Code Offload by Migrating Execution Transparently

In this paper we introduce a runtime system to allow unmodified multi-threaded applications to use multiple machines. The system allows threads to migrate freely between machines depending on the workload. Our prototype, COMET (Code Offload by Migrating Execution Transparently), is a realization of this design built on top of the Dalvik Virtual Machine. COMET leverages the underlying memory model of our runtime to implement distributed shared memory (DSM) with as few interactions between machines as possible. Making use of a new VM-synchronization primitive, COMET imposes little restriction on when migration can occur. Additionally, enough information is maintained so one machine may resume computation after a network failure. We target our efforts towards augmenting smartphones or tablets with machines available in the network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of COMET on several real applications available on Google Play. These applications include image editors, turn-based games, a trip planner, and math tools. Utilizing a server-class machine, COMET can offer significant speed-ups on these real applications when run on a modern smartphone. With WiFi and 3G networks, we observe geometric mean speed-ups of 2.88× and 1.27× relative to the Dalvik interpreter across the set of applications with speed-ups as high as 15× on some applications.
Glycolysis Plays a Major Role for Adenosine Triphosphate Supplementation in Mouse Sperm Flagellar Movement

Abstract The mammalian sperm must be highly motile for a long time to fertilize a egg. It has been supposed that ATP required for sperm flagellar movement depends predominantly on mitochondrial respiration. We assessed the contribution of mitochondrial respiration to mouse sperm motility. Mouse sperm maintained vigorous motility with high beat frequency in an appropriate solution including a substrate such as glucose. The active sperm contained a large amount of ATP. When carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) was applied to suppress the oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, the vigorous motility was maintained and the amount of ATP was kept at the equivalent level to that without CCCP. When pyruvate or lactate was provided instead of glucose, both sperm motility and the amount of ATP were high. However, they were drastically decreased when oxidative phosphorylation was suppressed by addition of CCCP. We also found that sperm motility could not be maintained in the presence of respiratory substrates when glycolysis was suppressed. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (DOG) had no effect on mitochondrial respiration assessed by a fluorescent probe, 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1), but, it inhibited motility and decreased ATP content when pyruvate or lactate were provided as substrates. The present results suggest that glycolysis has an unexpectedly important role in providing the ATP required for sperm motility throughout the length of the sperm flagellum.
The Role of Rationality in Transformative Education

As scholars, we are responsible for examining the academic and pedagogical traditions from which our current approaches have developed. This includes the historical establishment of and reliance upon rationality which postmodernist scholarship argues unconsciously guides our educational motives and processes. Rationality is especially relevant to transformative education, as it constitutes the theoretical basis of reflection, the very bedrock of transformational learning. However, postmodernist scholarship criticizes rationality, as it falsely assumes the existence of universal truths; reflection may in fact undermine the very purpose of transformative learning reinforcing dominant paradigms and ways of thinking. This article sets forth the limitations seen as inherent in reflective practices within transformative education and offers alternative conceptualizations of rationality to provide possible directions forward. This is specifically relevant to the subfield of transformational service learning, an increasingly popular pedagogy in higher education today.
Dynamic Bandwidth Management for Multihop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In this paper, we propose a new cross-layer protocol named DRBT (dynamic regulation of Best Effort traffic) which supports QoS guarantees and provides a distributed regulation mechanism for Best Effort traffic in wireless ad hoc networks. By adapting the rate of best effort traffic at the MAC Layer, DRBT increases the acceptance rate of QoS flows through the network. The protocol also provides an accurate method to evaluate the available bandwidth in IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc networks which differentiates between QoS applications and those which are less exigent in term of bandwidth more commonly called Best Effort traffic. Through simulations, we compare the performance of our proposal scheme with AODV and ABE.
Send Orders of Reprints at Reprints@benthamscience.net Detection of Non-cavitated Occlusal Caries with Impedance Spectroscopy and Laser Fluorescence: an in Vitro Study

Objective: To evaluate the performance of an impedance spectroscopy technology for detecting non-cavitated occlusal caries lesions in permanent teeth in vitro. The method was compared with a commonly used laser fluorescence device and validated against histology. Material and Methodology: A non-cavitated sample of 100 extracted posterior teeth was randomly selected and assessed for caries on enamel and dentin level with aid of CarioScan PRO (ACIS) and DIAGNOdent pen (LF pen) by three examiners. After the measurements, the extension of the lesion was histologically determined as gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and receiver-operating curves were calculated. Intra-and inter-examiner reproducibility was expressed by intra class correlation coefficients. Results: The histological caries prevalence was 99% and 41% exhibited dentin caries. The ACIS technique displayed high specificities but almost negligible sensitivities at readings >50. A similar pattern was noted for the LF pen at readings >30. The intra-and inter-examiner reproducibility varied between 0.47 and 0.98 and the values were generally lower for the ACIS technique than for the LF pen. The inter-examiner agreement reached excellent levels with both methods. Conclusions: In vitro, the ACIS technique showed a low ability to disclose occlusal caries lesions in the enamel and/or dentin of non-cavitated permanent molars. However, further in vivo studies of permanent occlusal surfaces are needed to mirror the clinical situation.
Validation of the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits in the Nigerian Sample

The present study examined the utility of Frick’s 2004 Inventory of Callous-unemotional Traits (ICU) in a Nigerian sample. Two hundred and ninety five adolescents drawn from secondary schools in Nsukka Enugu state who are between 13 to 18 years participated in the study. The main focus of the research was to validate the Inventory of Callous-unemotional Traits (ICU) by Frick (2004) in Nigeria so that meaningful research with other construct can be done using the instrument. Construct validation of the questionnaire was tested by means of Exploratory Factor Analyses, Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) testing the goodness to fit indices, calculations of Cronbach alpha, split –half reliability and correlations of within construct. Also correlations of ICU with other constructs such as aggression, bullying and pro-social behavior were obtained. The results showed acceptable alphas for the subscales, and acceptable fit indices for the CFA. The correlations of within construct and between construct showed that ICU has convergent, discriminant and predictive validity in the Nigeria sample. The research shows that the questionnaire has sound psychometric properties.
A Hierarchical Bayesian Model of Crowdsourced Relevance Coding

We apply a generative probabilistic model of noisy crowdsourced coding to overlapping relevance judgments for documents in several topics (queries). We demonstrate the model’s utility for Task 2 of the 2011 TREC Crowdsourcing Track (Karzai and Lease 2011). Our model extends Dawid and Skene’s (1979) approach to inferring gold standards from noisy coding in several ways: we add a hierarchical model of prevalence of relevant documents in multiple topics (queries), semi-supervision using known gold labels
Improving Performance of Facial Expression Recognition using Multi-task Learning of Neural Networks

Facial expression recognition is an important topic in the field of human-agent interaction, because facial expression is simple and impressive signal which human can send to others. Though there have been numerous studies on facial image analysis, the performance of expression recognition is still not acceptable due to the diversity of human expression and enormous variations in facial images. In this paper, we try to improve the performance of facial expression recognition by using multi-task learning techniques of neural networks. Through computational experiments on a benchmark database, we show positive possibility of performance improvement using multi-task learning.
An Empirical Comparison of Textual and Graphical Data Structure Documentation for Cobol Programs

The author presents the results of an experimental investigation into the comparative usefulness of textual tools and graphical tools for the program understanding phase of Cobol program maintenance. Both novice and experienced programmers are used as subjects. The results show a slight superiority for graphical tools when they are used by less experienced programmers. They cast doubt on the importance of rigid adherence to program design methodologies for experienced programmers and on the extensibility of experiments using relatively inexperienced student subjects. >
Simple Executions of Snapshot Implementations

The well known snapshot primitive in concurrent programming allows for n-asynchronous processes to write values to an array of single-writer registers and, for each process, to take a snapshot of these registers. In this paper we provide a formulation of the well known linearizability condition for snapshot algorithms in terms of the existence of certain mathematical functions. In addition, we identify a simplifying property of snapshot implementations we call "schedule-based algorithms". This property is natural to assume in the sense that as far as we know, every published snapshot algorithm is schedule-based. Based on this, we prove that when dealing with schedule-based algorithms, it suffices to consider only a small class of very simple executions to prove or disprove correctness in terms of linearizability. We believe that the ideas developed in this paper may help to design automatic verification of snapshot algorithms. Since verifying linearizability was recently proved to be EXPSPACE-complete, focusing on unique objects (snapshot in our case) can potentially lead to designing restricted, but feasible verification methods.
Clinical significance of bone marrow micrometastasis detected by nested rt-PCR for keratin-19 in breast cancer patients.

PURPOSE Breast cancers in the early phase frequently undergo distant metastasis and survival of patients is greatly dependent on distant metastasis. The occurrence of micrometastasis has been suggested to relate with prognostic features of breast cancer, such as lymph node metastasis and the presence of vascular invasion. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of keratin-19 mRNA of epithelial tumors in bone marrow aspirates obtained from breast cancer patients and its possible correlation with tumor staging and disease-free survival. METHODS Bone marrow samples were obtained from 59 breast cancer patients at the time of surgery. We separated the mononuclear fraction from the samples and carried out nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the detection of keratin-19 mRNA with two different pairs of primers. After operation, the patients were followed up at 3-month intervals. We studied the possible correlation of the detection of keratin-19 mRNA with tumor size, nodal involvement, stage and recurrence rate. RESULTS Bone marrow micrometastasis was detected by nested RT-PCR for keratin-19 mRNA in one of four patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), 13 of 30 patients with T1, 11 of 20 patients with T2 and all four patients with T3 lesion. Recurrence was observed in seven cases and all of them were positive for micrometastasis in bone marrow. CONCLUSION The method of nested RT-PCR to detect the presence of keratin-19 mRNA in bone marrow from patients with breast cancer is sensitive and reliable. Moreover, early recurrence was observed in the patients with the tumor mRNA detected in bone marrow. Additional studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up are desirable.
Anne Değerler Eğitimi Programının 5-6 Yaş Çocuklarının Sosyal Beceri Düzeylerine Etkisi

This research is planned on the purpose of investigation the effect of Mother Value Training Program (ADEP), which is provided to the mothers of children who attend kindergarten, to the social skills level of 5-6 years old children. In the study, pretest-posttest and experimental research design including the control and experimental groups was used; there were 24 children in each group. The Mother Value Training Program (ADEP) is applied to the mothers of children in the experimental group during 9-weeks. There are 18 sessions and the duration of each is 120 -150 minutes. For the collection of data, Social Skills Improvement System “SSIS” Parent Form was used. As a result of the analyses, a significant difference was not observed in the control group. However, significantly increasing effect in the social skills related to the communication, cooperation, self-expression, responsibility, empathy, acting together with the group and self-control was observed in the experimental group children. In addition, as a result of the screening test, this effect was also observed in other social skills other than communication.
In vivo transfer of high-level mupirocin resistance from Staphylococcus epidermidis to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with failure of mupirocin prophylaxis.

OBJECTIVES We examined the molecular basis of the emergence of mupirocin resistance in a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain colonizing a nursing home resident undergoing mupirocin prophylaxis. PATIENT AND METHODS A persistent carrier of mupirocin-susceptible MRSA participated in a trial of mupirocin for nasal decolonization among nursing home residents. During prophylaxis a high-level mupirocin-resistant MRSA emerged in the nasal isolates from this patient. S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated prior to, during and after 14 days of mupirocin treatment. The staphylococcal isolates and their plasmids were examined by molecular genetic methods. RESULTS All mupirocin-susceptible and -resistant MRSA isolates possessed the same genotype. The patient was also colonized by a single mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. The mupirocin-resistant MRSA and S. epidermidis strains harboured identical plasmids that carried the mupA determinant and genes for conjugative DNA transfer in staphylococci. These plasmids could be transferred in vitro from both clinical isolates to S. aureus RN2677. CONCLUSIONS The MRSA strain contained a conjugative plasmid expressing mupA that was identical with that found in the S. epidermidis strain which colonized the patient. These findings suggest that transfer of mupA from S. epidermidis to MRSA probably occurred during mupirocin prophylaxis.