Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational electromagnetic solutions for large-scale conductors, left-handed metamaterials and plasmonic nanostructures

We present some integral-equation approaches for the accurate solution of different problems in computational electromagnetics. First, an efficient MPI/OpenMP parallel implementation of MLFMA-FFT algorithm is presented for the solution of large-scale metallic conducting bodies. By combining the high scalability of FMM-FFT with the high efficiency of the MLFMA, a challenging problem with more than one billion unknowns was solved using a parallel supercomputer. Second, looking for the extension of these rigorous approaches to the new problems devised with the advent of nanoscience and nanotechnology, the integral-equation method was successfully applied to the solution of left-handed metamaterials and plasmonic nanostructures. Numerical examples are presented that confirm the validity and versatility of this approach for the accurate resolution of problems in the context of leading-edge nanoscience and nanotechnology applications.
Bayesian model reconstruction based on spectral line observations

Spectral line observations encode a wealth of information. A key challenge, therefore, lies in the interpretation of these observations in terms of models to derive the physical and chemical properties of the astronomical environments from which they arise. In this paper, we present pomme: an open-source Python package that allows users to retrieve 1D or 3D models of physical properties, such as chemical abundance, velocity, and temperature distributions of (optically thin) astrophysical media, based on spectral line observations. We discuss how prior knowledge, for instance, in the form of a steady-state hydrodynamics model, can be used to guide the retrieval process, and demonstrate our methods both on synthetic and real observations of cool stellar winds.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVELS OF THYROID HORMONES AND THYROID ANTIBODIES IN BREAST CANCER

Objective: Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women in both western countries and in India and is still one of the leading causes of death in women. The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the incidence of auto immune and non auto immune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients Methods: The role of thyroid hormones status in breast cancer patients was estimated by measuring serum free Triiodothyronine, serum free Tetraiodothyronine, serum Thyroid Stimulating hormone levels and the role of antibodies by measuring anti thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies , anti thyroglobulin antibodies(anti-Tg) in blood. For this, 100 cases of breast cancer patients were included. The findings were compared with 75 age matched healthy females. Results: A significant increase in the levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and anti-Thyroid peroxidase antibodies were observed in the cases as compared to controls. There were no significant differences in the levels of free Triiodothyronine(FT3), free Tetraiodothyronine(FT4), and anti thyroglobulin antibodies(anti-Tg). Conclusion: Our results indicate increased incidence of auto immune and non auto immune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients when compared to controls.
Wave height from planing and semi‐planing small boats

The increasing number of small boats has raised concerns about their effects on the environment, particularly their waves. Bank erosion is one of the foremost concerns of boat waves but disruption of habitat, resuspension of bottom sediments, and damage to aquatic plants are other areas of concern. A large programme of field measurement of boat waves was conducted on Johnson Lake in Alaska to evaluate boats typically used on the Kenai River. The boat wave study compared wave characteristics of four boats under a variety of loadings, speeds, distances and motor powers. Over 400 tests were run on Johnson Lake with each test providing wave measurement at four locations. Two measures of waves and two types of tests were used in the study. MAXPOW was the wave height at the maximum power of the motor. MAXWAV was the maximum wave height produced by the boat which required runs at a range of speeds to determine the MAXWAV. While the MAXWAV data herein have considerable scatter in magnitude, the conditions at which MAXWAV occurs are consistent from boat to boat. To prevent generation of maximum wave heights, small boats should operate as far as possible either above or below length Froude number of 0.6, displacement Froude number of 1.3, or beam Froude number of 1.0. A general boat wave height equation was developed for the four boats based on boat speed, volume displaced by the boat and distance from the boat, and are applicable to semi‐planing and planing boats based on MAXPOW and MAXWAV data. The predictive equation for V‐hull boats was compared to independent data not used in the development and was found to be in agreement with the data. The predictive equation is limited to depth/boat length greater than 0.35. Published in 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wind speed dependence of atmospheric boundary layer optical properties and ocean surface reflectance as observed by airborne backscatter lidar

Airborne backscatter lidar measurements made over the Azores, in clear air conditions, are analyzed using a marine aerosol model to derive the extinction coefficient in the atmospheric boundary layer and the ocean surface reflectance in connection with surface wind speed. The dependence of surface layer extinction coefficients on surface wind speed is compared to previously published results. The sensitivity of the lidar inversion procedure to the aerosol model (sea-salt concentration in the accumulation mode, presence or absence of an accumulation mode for sulfate, vertical distribution of stationary marine components above the marine atmospheric boundary layer) is investigated. At the wavelength of the lidar (0.53 μm), the extinction coefficient is very sensitive to the sea-salt number concentration in the accumulation mode. In the surface layer, the extinction coefficient retrieved from the lidar measurements compares well to the extinction calculated with the model (via Mie theory) for an average number concentration of 10 particles cm−3 in the sea-salt mode at wind speeds less than 3 m s−1. The relationship between the sea surface reflectance and the atmospheric backscatter coefficient is then used to determine the optical sea surface properties as a function of wind speed. Results on reflectance are found in excellent agreement with calculated values using the model of Cox and Munk [1954] and measured wind speed. The sensitivity of the results to the aerosol model and potential application of the inversion procedure to surface wind speed retrievals from lidar measurements are also discussed.
Satellite estimation of spectral surface UV irradiance: 2. Effects of homogeneous clouds and snow

This paper extends the theoretical analysis of the estimation of the surface UV irradiance from satellite ozone and reflectivity data from a clear-sky case to a cloudy atmosphere and snow-covered surface. Two methods are compared for the estimation of cloud-transmission factor CT, the ratio of cloudy to clear-sky surface irradiance: (1) the Lambert equivalent reflectivity (LER) method and (2) a method based on radiative transfer calculations for a homogeneous (plane parallel) cloud embedded into a molecular atmosphere with ozone absorption. The satellite-derived CT from the NASA Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) is compared with ground-based CT estimations from the Canadian network of Brewer spectrometers for the period 1989 -1998. For snow-free conditions the TOMS derived CT at 324 nm approximately agrees with Brewer data with a correlation coefficient of ;0.9 and a standard deviation of ;0.1. The key source of uncertainty is the different size of the TOMS FOV (;100 km field of view) and the much smaller ground instrument FOV. As expected, the standard deviations of weekly and monthly C T averages were smaller than for daily values. The plane-parallel cloud method produces a systematic CT bias relative to the Brewer data (17% at low solar zenith angles to 210% at large solar zenith angles). The TOMS algorithm can properly account for conservatively scattering clouds and snow/ice if the regional snow albedo RS is known from outside data. Since RS varies on a daily basis, using a climatology will result in additional error in the satellite-estimated CT. The CT error has the same sign as the R S error and increases over highly reflecting surfaces. Finally, clouds polluted with absorbing aerosols transmit less radiation to the ground than conservative clouds for the same satellite reflectance and flatten spectral dependence of CT. Both effects reduce C T compared to that estimated assuming conservative cloud scattering. The error increases if polluted clouds are over snow.
Effect of soil properties on growth promotion of wheat by Penicillium radicum

Penicillium radicum is a phosphate-solubilising fungus with plant growth promoting (PGP) activity. The widespread agronomic use of P. radicum as an inoculant is dependent on the accurate prediction of conditions where PGP response will occur. Therefore, the effect of soil physicochemical and biotic factors on PGP of wheat by P. radicum was investigated. In the first experiment, PGP was assayed in 10 soils with differing physicochemical properties. Each soil was tested with and without treatment with hydroxyapatite—an insoluble form of calcium phosphate used to increase the level of total inorganic P available for microbial solubilisation. Inoculation of wheat with P. radicum significantly (P < 0.05) increased plant growth in 4 of the 10 soils tested. The magnitude of the PGP response varied with soil type, and ranged from 8.5% (plant height, Avon soil) to 75% (plant weight, Mingenew soil). Most soil properties had little influence on PGP, with only low soil fertility (N and/or P) identified as a strong indicator of PGP by P. radicum. When detected, PGP was strongest in acidic soil conditions, although PGP was observed in neutral and alkaline soils. Virtually no interactions were detected between addition of hydroxyapatite to the soil and P. radicum inoculation. The second experiment tested PGP in 3 soils previously found to be non-responsive to inoculation, before and after sterilisation by γ-irradiation. Soil biological factors affected PGP by P. radicum in 2 of the 3 soils tested. In these soils, removal of biological factor(s) increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.1) PGP by P. radicum. These experiments have shown that large and significant increases in plant growth promotion can be achieved through seed inoculation with P. radicum. However, both abiotic and biotic soil properties play a critical role in determining the success of inoculation. P. radicum-stimulated PGP occurred in infertile soils, with a stronger effect in acidic soil conditions. Furthermore, soil biological factors can have an important role in regulating PGP by P. radicum.
Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution: Research and Practice a Survey and Evaluation of Tool Features for Understanding Reverse-engineered Sequence Diagrams

SUMMARY Sequence diagrams can be valuable aids to software understanding. However, they can be extremely large and hard to understand in spite of using modern tool support. Consequently, providing the right set of tool features is important if the tools are to help rather than hinder the user. This paper surveys research and commercial sequence diagram tools to determine the features they provide to support program understanding. Although there has been significant effort in developing these tools, many of them have not been evaluated using human subjects. To begin to address this gap, a preliminary study was performed with a specially designed sequence diagram tool that implements the features found during the survey. On the basis of an analysis of the study results, we discuss the features that were found to be useful and relate these to the tasks performed. It concludes by proposing how future tools can be improved to better support the exploration of large sequence diagrams.
HDMI video scaling on an all-programmable SoC

We propose a High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) video scaling system based on an all-programmable SoC, which can be used in any image processing system requiring a two-dimensional (2D) interpolation accelerator. This structure work on a platform-based SoC environment. By the AXI Video Direct Memory Access (AXI VDMA), video data are directly transferred between DDR3 memory and the built-in FPGA where the proposed buffering scheme and interpolation accelerator are implemented. We store video data in the DDR3 memory and the interpolation accelerator performs real-time video scaling. An experiment with HDMI video input from a Microsoft Windows PC and HDMI video output to another display proves the effectiveness of the real-time video scaling.
Antagonistic and Synergistic Activation of Cardiovascular Vagal and Sympathetic Motor Outflows in Trigeminal Reflexes

The trigeminal nerve and heart are strongly related through somato-autonomic nervous reflexes that induce rapid changes in cardiovascular function. Several trigeminal reflexes have been described, but the diving and trigeminocardiac reflexes are the most studied. The heart is a target organ dually innervated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Thus, how cardiac function is regulated during the trigeminal reflexes is the result of the combination of an increased parasympathetic response and increased, decreased, or unaltered sympathetic activity. Various hemodynamic changes occur as a consequence of these alterations in autonomic tone. Often in the oxygen-conserving physiological reflexes such as the diving reflex, sympathetic/parasympathetic co-activation reduces the heart rate and either maintains or increases blood pressure. Conversely, in the trigeminocardiac reflex, bradycardia and hypotension due to parasympathetic activation and sympathetic inactivation tend to be observed. These sudden cardiac innervation disturbances may promote the generation of arrhythmias or myocardial ischemia during surgeries in the trigeminal territory. However, the function and mechanisms involved in the trigeminal reflexes remain to be fully elucidated. The current review provides a brief update and analysis of the features of these reflexes, with special focus on how the autonomic nervous system interacts with cardiovascular function.
The Effect of Securities Litigation on External Financing

Using a comprehensive sample of securities litigation, we examine the effect of financial fraud on the subsequent use of external financing. We find that firms with a recent history of securities litigation, particularly more severe litigation, are less likely to seek external debt and equity financing. This negative relationship between prior litigation and external financing is stronger for firms with high information asymmetry. Furthermore, firms significantly reduce their investments in capital expenditures and research and development during the three years following a litigation filing. Thus, the reduction in the availability of external financing due to allegations of financial fraud can have a tangible impact upon the investment opportunities of the firm.
Action for child survival: elimination of Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in Uganda.

OBJECTIVE To guide immunization policy, we determined the public health benefit of introducing Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine in Uganda and estimated the vaccine effectiveness. METHODS Surveillance data for acute bacterial meningitis among children aged 0-59 months were reviewed from three hospital sentinel sites, for July 2001 to June 2007, to determine the incidence of Hib meningitis, the effectiveness of Hib vaccine with a case-control design, and the number of vaccine-preventable cases and deaths of Hib disease in Uganda. FINDINGS Of the 13 978 children from 17 districts with suspected bacterial meningitis, 269 had confirmed Hib meningitis, declining from 69 patients in the prevaccine year (2001-2002) to three in 2006-2007. Hib meningitis incidence dropped from 88 cases per 100,000 children aged < 5 years in the year before vaccine introduction to 13 within 4 years, and to near zero in the fifth year. Vaccine effectiveness for 2 or more doses was 93% (95% confidence interval, CI: 69-99) against confirmed Hib meningitis and 53% (95% CI: 11-68) against purulent meningitis of unknown cause. In Uganda, Hib vaccine prevents an estimated 28 000 cases of pneumonia and meningitis, 5000 deaths and 1000 severe meningitis sequelae each year. CONCLUSION Infant immunization with Hib vaccine has virtually eliminated Hib meningitis in Uganda within 5 years. Ensuring long-term benefits of Hib vaccine urgently requires sustainable vaccine financing, high-quality ongoing surveillance, and a health sector able to deliver a robust immunization programme.
Dependence of reaction kinetics on H2O activity as inferred from rates of intergranular diffusion of aluminium

Quantitative constraints on the accelerative effects of H2O on the kinetics of metamorphic reactions arise from a comparison of rates of intergranular diffusion of Al in natural systems that are fluid‐saturated, hydrous but fluid‐undersaturated, and nearly anhydrous. Widths of symplectitic reaction coronas around partially resorbed garnet crystals in the contact aureole of the Makhavinekh Lake Pluton, northern Labrador, combined with time–temperature histories from conductive thermal models, yield intergranular diffusivities for Al from ∼700–900 °C under nearly anhydrous conditions. Those rates, when extrapolated down temperature, are approximately three orders of magnitude slower than rates derived from re‐analysis of garnet resorption coronas formed under hydrous but fluid‐undersaturated conditions near 575 °C in rocks of the Llano Uplift of central Texas, which are in turn approximately four orders of magnitude slower than rates at comparable temperatures derived from numerical simulations of prograde garnet growth in fluid‐saturated conditions in rocks from the Picuris Range of north‐central New Mexico. Thus, even at constant temperature, rates of intergranular diffusion of Al – and corresponding length scales and timescales of metamorphic reaction and equilibration – may vary by as much as seven orders of magnitude across the range of H2O activities found in nature.
Functional Analysis of Sequence Motifs Involved in the Polyadenylation of Trichomonas vaginalis mRNAs

ABSTRACT Synthesis of functional mRNA in eukaryotes involves processing of precursor transcripts, including the addition of a poly(A) tail at the 3′ end. A multiprotein complex recognizes a polyadenylation signal, generally the hexanucleotide AAUAAA in metazoans, to direct processing of the pre-mRNA. Based on sequence analysis of several cDNAs, we have previously suggested that the UAAA tetranucleotide (which may include the UAA translation stop codon) could be the polyadenylation signal in Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoon that causes human trichomoniasis. This proposal is analyzed here with the aid of a transient-expression system of a reporter gene (cat flanked by T. vaginalis actin noncoding sequences). When cells were transfected with a plasmid bearing the original 3′ untranslated region (UTR) sequence containing the UAAA motif, the resulting cat mRNA was polyadenylated similarly to the endogenous actin mRNA. Base changes in the UAAA sequence produced alterations to the polyadenylation site of the reporter mRNAs, while nucleotide substitutions at either side of UAAA did not. Furthermore, relocation of the UAAA motif redirected the processing and polyadenylation of the reporter mRNA. In addition, a pre-mRNA cleavage site for polyadenylation was defined. Interaction of T. vaginalis proteins with the UAAA motif was shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Based on our findings, we provide evidence that in T. vaginalis the UAAA tetranucleotide has a role equivalent to that of the metazoan consensus AAUAAA polyadenylation signal.
Automatic Method Of Domain Ontology Construction based on Characteristics of Corpora POS-Analysis

It is now widely recognized that ontologies, are one of the fundamental cornerstones of knowledge-based systems. What is lacking, however, is a currently accepted strategy of how to build ontology; what kinds of the resources and techniques are indispensables to optimize the expenses and the time on the one hand and the amplitude, the completeness, the robustness of en ontology on the other hand. The paper offers a semi-automatic ontology construction method from text corpora in the domain of radiological protection. This method is composed from next steps: 1) text annotation with part-of-speech tags; 2) revelation of the significant linguistic structures and forming the templates; 3) search of text fragments corresponding to these templates; 4) basic ontology instantiation process
Power transmission tower monitoring technology based on TerraSAR-X products

Synthetic aperture radar signal can propagate through hazardous weather and atmospheric conditions with heavy capabilities of SARs have attracted significant interest in remote sensing communities. The high-resolutions radar satellite missions like TerraSAR-X has launched in June 2007 and the images reach 1 m in azimuth and range in spotlight mode. Due to the high resolution, the detailed information of the observed scene we can distinguish from the TerraSAR-X HS mode image according to the SAR geometry of single-look slant-range complex data. This paper is concerned with the technique of how to use spaceborne SAR technology in a wide range of natural disaster conditions to monitor the power grid's security in particular. The power transmission tower in HS mode product is very distinguishable and the reflected forms of them are no longer point targets, so the extraction of tower height can be achieved from the single image of SSC product. At last the status of power transmission tower can be assessed based on the result of height extraction in the emergency response for the sudden natural public Disaster.
Structure and Assembly of the Nup84p Complex

The Nup84p complex consists of five nucleoporins (Nup84p, Nup85p, Nup120p, Nup145p-C, and Seh1p) and Sec13p, a bona fide subunit of the COPII coat complex. We show that a pool of green fluorescent protein–tagged Sec13p localizes to the nuclear pores in vivo, and identify sec13 mutant alleles that are synthetically lethal with nup85Δ and affect the localization of a green fluorescent protein–Nup49p reporter protein. In the electron microscope, sec13 mutants exhibit structural defects in nuclear pore complex (NPC) and nuclear envelope organization. For the assembly of the complex, Nup85p, Nup120p, and Nup145p-C are essential. A highly purified Nup84p complex was isolated from yeast under native conditions and its molecular mass was determined to be 375 kD by quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation, consistent with a monomeric complex. Furthermore, the Nup84p complex exhibits a Y-shaped, triskelion-like morphology 25 nm in diameter in the transmission electron microscope. Thus, the Nup84p complex constitutes a paradigm of an NPC structural module with distinct composition, structure, and a role in nuclear mRNA export and NPC bio- genesis.