Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Designing an Automated Wheel chair with Stair Crossing Facility

Abstract —now a day‟s all comforts in human life is the result of revolutionary advancement in technology. Modern Automation techniques; a part of technology is utilized in this design of “Automated Wheelchair” to give user a fully automated control. But the key story is not about control. The key approach was to find an easier way to cross inclined stairs with users. A new phenomenon was found from engineering analysis to cross stairs in an efficient way by the proper selection of wheel radius. The comfort is dedicated to the people who are suffering in normal movement. The developed „Automatic Wheel Chair‟ would provide a comfortable and dynamic life-style to the handicaps which might be very much closer to their dreams. Index Terms —Automation, Ergonomics, Handicaps, Power, Stairs, Wheel Chair, Wheel radius. ——————————  —————————— 1 I NTRODUCTION A special type of wheel chair is designed which can be used to ride on stairs . So many works were done on automated wheelchair. But this factor was not considered or solved before in the way which would be discussed later. Emphasis was giv-en on solving the problem as well as other facilities provided before. Giving ease to user in different postures is another im-portant purpose
Biological Considerations for Radioimmunotherapy 1

We have examined three methods that may be useful for improving the therapeutic efficacy of antibody-targeted radionuclides. The principal limitation of radioimmunotherapy is myelotoxicity and thrombocytopenia. These are due mainly to the length of time the radioantibody remains in the blood. The clearance time of a radiolabeled immunoglobulin G (lu*.l may be decreased by using fragments prepared from the IgG. Using murine monoclonal antibodies against human colonie cancer in an animal model with a transplantable human colonie tumor, we have shown that fractionated doses of '"I-labeled F(ab )â€¢> fragments can pro vide similar tumoricidal activity as a single injection of IgG, but toxicity to the normal tissues is reduced significantly at this tumoricidal level. Thus, it is expected that improved tumoricidal activity may be achieved by further escalating the dose of F(ab )2 that is administered at each injection. An anti-antibody (second antibody) may also be used to remove an anti-tumor antibody rapidly from the blood. By allowing intact IgG to be used instead of fragments, a higher percentage of the radiolabeled anti-tumor antibodies may be concentrated in the tumor to provide higher tumor doses, yet toxicity to the normal tissues may be controlled by the removal of the radiolabeled antibody from the blood. We have shown that the injection of a second antibody 48 h after '"I-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen antibody is given can reduce toxicity at least 2-fold without affecting the tumoricidal activity of the radioantibody. A third method for reducing the myelotoxicity of radioantibody treatment involves the use of cytokines to increase the production of white blood cells. For example, interleukin 1 may be given prior to, or sometime after, radioantibody treatment to increase the number of circulating white blood cells and thereby reduce myelotoxicity. Thus, modification of some of the biological factors limiting radioimmunotherapy may provide for improvements in cancer treatment with radiolabeled antibodies.
Microlensing in phase space - II. Correlations analysis

Applications of the phase-space approach to the calculation of the microlensing autocorrelation function are presented. The continuous propagation equation for a random star field with a Gaussian velocity distribution is solved in the leading non-trivial approximation using the perturbation technique. It is shown that microlensing modulations can be important in the interpretation of optical and shorter-wavelength light curves of pulsars, power spectra of active galactic nuclei and coherence estimates for quasi-periodic oscillations of dwarf novae and low-mass X-ray binaries. Extra scatter in the brightness of Type Ia supernovae due to gravitational microlensing is shown to be of order up to 0.2 mag depending on the extent of the light curves.
On Improving Informativity and Grammaticality for Multi-Sentence Compression

Multi Sentence Compression (MSC) is of great value to many real world applications, such as guided microblog summarization, opinion summarization and newswire summarization. Recently, word graph-based approaches have been proposed and become popular in MSC. Their key assumption is that redundancy among a set of related sentences provides a reliable way to generate informative and grammatical sentences. In this paper, we propose an effective approach to enhance the word graph-based MSC and tackle the issue that most of the state-of-the-art MSC approaches are confronted with: i.e., improving both informativity and grammaticality at the same time. Our approach consists of three main components: (1) a merging method based on Multiword Expressions (MWE); (2) a mapping strategy based on synonymy between words; (3) a re-ranking step to identify the best compression candidates generated using a POS-based language model (POS-LM). We demonstrate the effectiveness of this novel approach using a dataset made of clusters of English newswire sentences. The observed improvements on informativity and grammaticality of the generated compressions show that our approach is superior to state-of-the-art MSC methods.
A Bibliometric Comparision of the Usage of Two Theories of IS/IT Acceptance (TAM and UTAUT)

This paper aims to compare similarities in the usage of two frequently used theories of IS/IT acceptance, namely the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The bibliometric and citation analysis presented in this paper identifies landmarks associated with articles, authors and most frequently used keywords from citation data pertaining to the studies that have utilised TAM and UTAUT. The findings indicate that although there are similarities between TAM and UTAUT publications, increasingly it appears that researchers are shifting focus from TAM to UTAUT without making a substantial distinction between the two. This calls for a careful consideration of submisisons utilising either TAM or UTAUT. As it has been argued in the case of TAM, the over-utilisation of UTAUT would take away researchers’ attention from other important issues and will reduce the chances of publishing other fruitful research in available outlets.
Soil fertility decline: definitions and assessment

In permanent agricultural systems, soil fertility is maintained through applications of manure, other organic materials, inorganic fertilizers, lime, the inclusion of legumes in the cropping systems, or a combination of these. In many parts of the world the availability, use, and profitability of inorganic fertilizers have been low whereas there has been an intensification of land-use and an expansion of crop cultivation onto marginal soils. As a result, soil fertility has declined and it is perceived to be widespread, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. (1-3(1), (2), (3)) Soil fertility decline is considered as an important cause for low productivity of many soils. (4), (5) It has not received the same amount of research attention as soil erosion; possibly as soil fertility decline is less visible and less spectacular, and more difficult to assess. Assessing soil fertility decline is difficult because most soil chemical properties either change very slowly or have large seasonal fluctuations; in both cases, it requires long-term research commitment. There are several other confounding factors that make assessment of soil fertility decline complicated (e.g., spatial and temporal variation, soil analytical methods), and, for those reasons, other techniques have been used to estimate the rates and changes in soil fertility decline. The methods to assess soil fertility decline are described in this entry.
COO approach to support cooperation in software developments

Indexing terms: Cooperation, Consistency, Concurrency control, Constraints, Software engineering environment, Transactions Abstract: The COO system proposes a framework to organise the cooperation between developers of complex software systems. The key idea of COO is to base software process correctness on a safe transaction model: COO promotes an original advanced transaction model which integrates some general properties that define a very permissive core synchronisation protocol, and process specific knowledge that allows the gearing of the core protocol towards process characteristics.
Evaluation of the Gains from Combining Travel Cost and Contingent Valuation Data to Value Nonmarket Goods (An)

This paper provides a critical assessment of the improvements in precision and bias to welfare measures from combining contingent valuation and travel cost data. Simulation experiments are performed using a variation of the model first suggested by Cameron (1992a) with a focus on identifying likely lower bounds on these gains. In addition to examining single-bounded contingent valuation as a component of the combined model, this paper investigates additional gains that may accrue from employing a double-bounded variant of contingent valuation. Sizable gains in both bias and precision are found in the simulation experiments. The results suggest that additional investigation into these models is warranted.
Exploiting program redundancy to improve performance, cost and power consumption in embedded systems

During the last 15 years embedded systems have grown rapidly in complexity and performance to a point where they now rival the design challenges of desktop systems. Embedded systems are now targets for contradictory requirements: they are expected to occupy a small amount of physical space (e.g., low package count), be inexpensive, consume low power and be highly reliable. Regardless of the decades of intensive research and development, there are still areas that can promise significant benefits if further researched. One such area is the quality of the data which embedded system operates upon. This includes both code and data segments of an embedded system application. This work presents a unified, compiler-driven approach to solving the redundancy problem. It attempts to increase the quality of the data stream that embedded systems are operating upon while preserving the original functionality. The code size reduction is achieved by Huffman compressing or tailor encoding the ISA of the original program. The data segment size reduction is accomplished by modified Discrete Dynamic Huffman encoding. This work is the first such study that also details the design of instruction fetch mechanisms for the proposed compression schemes.
Dexterous anthropomorphic robot hand with distributed tactile sensor: Gifu hand II

Presents an anthropomorphic robot hand called Gifu hand II that is a revised version of the Gifu hand I. The Gifu hand II has five fingers in which all joints are driven by servomotors built in the fingers and the palm. The thumb has 4 joints with 4 degrees of freedom (DOF), the other fingers have 4 joints with 3 DOF respectively, and two axes of joints near the palm cross orthogonally at one point like the human finger. It can be equipped with a 6 axes force sensor at each fingertip and a developed distributed tactile sensor with 624 detecting points on its surface. The design concepts and the specifications of the Gifu hand II, the basic characteristics of the tactile sensor, and the pressure distributions at object grasping are shown. These show that the Gifu hand II has a high potential to perform dexterous object manipulation like a human hand.
Data mining techniques to predict protein secondary structures

Protein secondary structure prediction is a key step in prediction of protein tertiary structure. There have emerged many methods based on machine learning techniques, such as neural networks (NN) and support vector machines (SVM), to focus on the prediction of the secondary structures. In this paper a new method, DM-pred, was proposed based on a protein clustering method to detect homologous sequences, a sequential pattern mining method to detect frequent patterns, features extraction and quantification approaches to prepare features and SVM method to predict structures. When tested on the most popular secondary structure datasets, DM-pred achieved a Q3 accuracy of 78.20% and a SOV of 76.49% which illustrates that it is one of the top range methods for protein secondary structure prediction.
A characterization of round spheres in terms of blocking light

A closed Riemannian manifold is said to have cross blocking if whenever distinct points p and q are at distance less than the diameter, all light rays from p can be shaded away from q with at most two point shades. Similarly, a closed Riemannian manifold is said to have sphere blocking if for each point p, all the light rays from p are shaded away from p by a single point shade. We prove that Riemannian manifolds with cross and sphere blocking are isometric to round spheres.
What Is the Economic Value of Japanese Longevity?

Because of substantial improvements in the health of its citizens during the thirty-five years from 1970 to 2005, Japan is noted among countries with the greatest average life spans. In this article, the author attempts to quantify the economic value of this longevity by estimating willingness-to-pay (WTP) with respect to the drop in mortality rates during that period using Murphy and Topel (2003, 2006). The results suggest that the economic value is as much as ¥165 trillion per year as of 2005 or about 30 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP). By changing the discount rate and utility function parameters, the author also attempts to show the values obtained for WTP. He provides an analysis of the impact of demographics on WTP, and in particular, shows how the population increase from 1970, with lower birthrates and an aging population, has increased WTP on an annualized basis by ¥30 trillion and ¥20 trillion, respectively. He also suggests that looking ahead to 2040, WTP will likely decrease to ¥60 trillion due to limited additional improvements in survival rates and a declining population. Health expenditures attributed to the decrease in mortality rates are expected to be below one-tenth of WTP, suggesting that the increase in health care expenditures up to now are justifiable given a cost—benefit analysis.
Simulations of direct collisions of gas clouds with the central black hole

We perform numerical simulations of clouds in the Galactic Centre (GC) engulfing the nuclear supermassive black hole and show that this mechanism leads to the formation of gaseous accretion discs with properties that are similar to the expected gaseous progenitor discs that fragmented into the observed stellar disc in the GC. As soon as the cloud hits the black hole, gas with opposite angular momentum relative to the black hole collides downstream. This process leads to redistribution of angular momentum and dissipation of kinetic energy, resulting in a compact gaseous accretion disc. A parameter study using 13 high-resolution simulations of homogeneous clouds falling on to the black hole and engulfing it in parts demonstrates that this mechanism is able to produce gaseous accretion discs that could potentially be the progenitor of the observed stellar disc in the GC. A comparison of simulations with different equations of state (adiabatic, isothermal and full cooling) demonstrates the importance of including a detailed thermodynamical description. However the simple isothermal approach already yields good results on the radial mass transfer and accretion rates, as well as disc eccentricities and sizes. We find that the cloud impact parameter strongly influences the accretion rate, whereas the impact velocity has a small effect on the accretion rate.
Profiles Detection in Ring Convex Forming by ACLN with Sub-Pixel Accuracy

An optical measuring system for the ring test is proposed. In this approach, the machine vision inspection equipment is first built to record and capture the images of ring test from the digital camcorder.The image processing procedures to detect and locate the edge points of the inner and outer radii in ring convex forming are presented. Unlike the conventional sub-pixel estimation based on gray-level values, the quantity (8 bits) of color’s scale has been adopted. In image processing procedures, a clustering method called Adaptive Competitive Learning Network (ACLN) is first used to classify the image hues which represent the different heights of bulge profiles on the top of ring, and then the edge points can be searched by the interpolation step of subpixel accuracy. The calibration curves constructed by the mode of non-constant friction factor called F-value approach is designed to compare and check with the measurement data. The experimental results will be presented and discussed in this study.
Co-integration and leadership in the European off-season fresh fruit market

This paper tests market co-integration, market leadership and price margins in the context of the recent development of European markets for imported off-season fresh fruit from countries in the southern hemisphere. The Engle-Granger and Johansen co-integration tests show that the main European markets for off-season fresh apples and table grapes were well integrated during the 1994-97 period. The vector autoregressive - error correction mechanism (VAR-ECM) model form is used to characterise the spatial co-integrating relationships among these markets during the same period. Statistical tests on meaningful restrictions on these VAR-ECM models show that the major import market of Rotterdam significantly leads the wholesale markets for table grapes in Germany down the supply chain but does not lead the wholesale markets in France and Germany for apples. They also show higher price margins between the import and wholesale markets for table grapes than for apples. The table grape variety imported from South Africawas consistently traded at a higher price during the 1994-98 period compared to the same variety from Chile. Using an industry survey, this paper discusses the econometric results and provides recommendations.
Lifetime Maximization by Cross-Layer Design considering Power Control, MAC, Routing in Sensor Networks

Summary We consider the cross-layer design considering physical layer, MAC layer, and network layer to maximize the lifetime of energy-constrained wireless sensor network. Our solution is based on system model that considers reliability as well as physical layer (i.e., power control), data link layer (i.e., link scheduling) and network layer (i.e., routing protocol) jointly. To obtain more energy-efficient solution for lifetime maximization of wireless sensor networks, we enhance existing cross-layer model using energy-efficient MAC protocol and its energy-consumption model.
The social engineering attack spiral (SEAS)

Cybercrime is on the increase and attacks are becoming ever more sophisticated. Organisations are investing huge sums of money and vast resources in trying to establish effective and timely countermeasures. This is still a game of catch up, where hackers have the upper hand and potential victims are trying to produce secure systems hardened against what feels like are inevitable future attacks. The focus so far has been on technology and not people and the amount of resource allocated to countermeasures and research into cyber security attacks follows the same trend. This paper adds to the growing body of work looking at social engineering attacks and therefore seeks to redress this imbalance to some extent. The objective is to produce a model for social engineering that provides a better understanding of the attack process such that improved and timely countermeasures can be applied and early interventions implemented.
Measles Virus Genotyping and Circulating Genotypes Mar ί a

The measles virus has a single serotype although 23 genotypes have been identified by analysis of the sequences of the nucleoprotein (N) and hemagglutinin (H) genes. Infection by any genotype induces life-long immunity against all genotypes. No genotype has been associated with greater virulence or persistence. Some genotypes may be associated with specific geographic regions, although the majority cause outbreaks and sporadic cases in any country. Therefore, knowledge of the circulation of genotypes in the different World Health Organization Regions is important to enable not only the follow-up of each case of measles but also the evaluation of surveillance systems designed to achieve the elimination of measles. The presence of various genotypes in the same country in a short period of time is one of the indicators of elimination defined by the World Health Organization. Therefore, detailed study and characterization of each case of measles found in a region, the search for its origin and the evolution of its variability over time is fundamental for the elimination plans established in all WHO Regions. This work reviews which genotypes have been detected, especially
Trend feature-based clustering for research funding time series data

This paper presents an efficient computational method for time series clustering and application concerning research funding of universities directly under Minster of Education of People Republic of China. Presented approach was based on extraction of trend features with Haar wavelet decomposition from time series data and their use in feature-based agglomerative hierarchical clustering of monthly measured research funding income data. This method could be implemented for users who desire to manage research funding of all universities.
Handwritten signature recognition in mobile scenarios: Performance evaluation

Following the idea of improving our previous work on dynamic handwritten signature recognition on portable devices, a performance evaluation in a mobile scenario was done. A database with 11 users and 8 mobile devices (using stylus and finger) has been collected in order to study different parameters such as screen size, operative system and the interoperability between the devices. The evaluation was divided by 3 sessions of 20 signatures per device each; 20 skilled forgeries signatures per user were used also. The devices used were mobile phones, tablets, laptops and two specific devices for signing. The algorithm used to assess the signatures was a DTW-based signature recognition algorithm.