Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The heterogeneity of bulimic symptomatology: Cognitive and behavioral dimensions

The present study assessed use of food as a coping mechanism and cognitive distortions regarding food and weight in relation to extent of bulimic symptomatology. Subjects were 19 women who fulfilled an operationalized defination of the DSM-III diagnostic criteria for bulimia (bulimics), 35 women who fulfilled an operationalized definition of an absence of bulimic symptomology (symptom-free), and 41 women who fulfilled some but not all bulimic criteria (bulimic-like). The symptom-free, bulimic-like, and bulimic groups each differed from one another in a linear fashion from low to high on measures of use of food as a coping mechanism, five of eight types of cognitive distortions regarding food and weight (dichotomous thinking, worry, exaggeration, superstitious thinking, and personalization), drive for thinness, and lack of interoceptive awareness. The bulimic and bulimic-like groups evidenced greater perfectionism, defeatism, regret, and body dissatisfaction than the symptom-free group. Variation in the extent of use of food and cognitive distortions accounted for 70% of explained variance in the severity of DSM-III bulimic symptomatology. These results suggest that behavioral, affective, and cognitive indices of bulimia fall along parallel continua of symptomatic severity. The results also support the relevance of preventative and therapeutic programs with multidimensional foci.
Quantifying Structural Patterns of Information Cascades

Information cascades are ubiquitous in both physical society and online social media, taking on large variations in structures, dynamics and semantics. Although there has been much progress on understanding the dynamics and semantics of information cascades, little is known about their structural patterns. In this paper, we explore a large-scale dataset including 432 million information cascades with explicit records of spreading traces. We find that the structural complexity of information cascades is far beyond the previous conjectures. We first propose seven-dimensional metrics, which reflect size and spreading orientation aspects, to quantify the structural characteristics of millions of information cascades. Further, we analyze the correlations of these metrics, finding some brand new structure patterns of information cascades, potentially providing insights into intrinsic mechanisms governing information spreading in nature and new models to forecast as well as to impose good control over information cascades in real applications.
Quality of life in patients with breast cancer and their rehabilitation needs

Objective: We conducted a cross sectional study to investigate the quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients after treatment for one year and identify factors which may facilitate improvements in health care for breast cancer. Methods: A total of 154 patients of breast cancer were collected from The First Affiliated Hospital of Harerbin Medical University during May 2008 and May 2010, and they were divided into three groups. The quality of life was assessed by Functional assessment of cancer therapy- breast (FACT-B) version 4, and a semi-structured interview was used to investigate the information and rehabilitation needs of the breast cancer patients. Results : Group II had the best social well-being, functional well-being and Total FACT-G among the three groups. Group III had the best physical well-being, emotional well-being, breast specific subscales, total FACT-B and TOI among the three groups. Higher PWB scores were significantly correlation with lower tumor stage; increased SWB scores were significantly correlated with education and occupation, and lower EWB scores were correlated with younger aged women and higher tumor stage (< 40 years). The semi-structured investigation showed all of them want to receive tumor markers detection and PET scan to prevent recurrence. 56% of these patients were worried about symptoms. 42% of the patients reported they had restriction in sexual relationship, and 57% wanted to improve their body image and reconstruction surgery. Conclusions: Breast cancer patients should be followed up for their quality of life and provided effective therapy for their physical and psychological problems.
Attributional Style and the Components of Hardiness

Recent research has suggested that individual differences in the personality variable of hardiness are related to health and illness. Although these studies suggest a connection between hardiness and health, they do not provide evidence of specific mediators of this effect. This study tested the hypothesis that attributional style is a potential mediator of hardiness effects. Specifically, it was predicted that compared to nonhardy individuals, hardy individuals would be more likely to make internal, stable, global attributions for positive events and external, unstable, specific attributions for negative events. In addition, it was predicted that this pattern would be most characteristic of the hardiness subcomponents of commitment and control. The pattern of attributions for the subcomponent of commitment provided strong support for the predictions. Similar, but weaker, effects were found for the subcomponent of control. Challenge yielded only one effect and that was in the opposite direction of the other scales. Composite hardiness yielded no significant effects. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for potential mediators of hardiness effects and the viability of composite hardiness as a unitary construct.
Luria's Theory of Brain Functioning: A Model for Research in Cognitive Psychophysiology

Luria's (1973) brain functioning theory is offered as a model for cognitive psychophysiological research. It may be used to predict brain processing patterns both for constructive tasks of various levels of complexity and for high and low performance on these tasks. Brain mapping research is reported that shows how brain processing patterns for tasks of varying cornp1exit:y are associated with Luria's theory. As a model for research, Luria's model offers several potential contributions to educational psychology. First, it may help bridge the current gap between mainstream educational psychology and cognitive psychophysiology. Second, it may be used to associate student performance on cognitive tasks with brain processing patterns. For example, differences have been demonstrated between high and low task performance and brain processing patterns. Finally, the model proposed is potentially very useful because it is empirically testable. The weight of the evidence to date clearly supports the proposition tha.
Genotyping of OATP2 Variants in a Group of Malaysian Neonates Using High-Resolution Melting Analysis

Organic anion transport polypeptide 2 (OATP2), also known as OATP-C, OATP1B1, and LST-1, is responsible for the transportation of organic anions into hepatocytes. It has been reported that OATP2 transports a broad range of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds such as bile acids, bilirubin, sulfate and glucuronide conjugates, thyroid hormones, peptides, and drugs like 3-hydroxyl-3 methylglutaryl-coenzymeA–reductase inhibitors (pravastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatinand, and methorexate). 1–3 The gene for OATP2 is located at chromosome 12p12.14. 1, and a number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in both the encoding and regulation regions of the OATP2 gene in different populations of the world.3 Among the Asian populations, two OATP2 variants have been shown to be highly prevalent in the Chinese in mainland China, that is, c.388A>G (73.4%) and c.521T>C (14.0%). 4 Additionally, two other silent mutations, c.571T>C and c.597C>T of the OATP2 gene, were also reported to be common in Asian populations, occurring at 26% and 50%, respectively, in the Chinese population,5 and 64.2% and 42.9% in a Japanese population.4–7 The importance of OATP2 genotyping may lie in the fact that variations in the OATP2 gene may have an impact on drug metabolism and perhaps on the pathogenesis of neonatal jaundice. One study has shown that the OATP2 c.388A>G variant may be a possible risk factor for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.8 Malaysia is a multiethnic country comprising of major ethnic Malays, Chinese, and Indians. This study forms our initial effort to determine the existence of the OATP2 gene variation in the Malaysian population as a prequel to study its role in cases of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, a common condition in Malaysian newborns. We report here our study on the determination of allelic variations in Malaysian neonates using an HRM analysis and TaqMan Minor Groove Binder (MGB) assays. Until now, these OATP2 alleles have been genotyped with either a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay (c.388A>G) or with an allele-specific PCR assay (c.521T>C). 3,9 Recent study reported the use of real-time PCR with the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay for genotyping the c.388A>G and c.521T>C variant.10 To perform large epidemiological studies or for routine clinical use, a rapid genotype method is preferred. Therefore, the present study describes the application of HRM assays and TaqMan MGB assays. By using these methods, we were able to genotype these OATP2 polymorphisms in considerably less hands-on time and with a reduced contamination risk.
Boosting with cross-validation based feature selection for pedestrian detection

An example-based classification algorithm to improve generalization performance for detecting objects in images is presented. The classifier integrates component-based classifiers according to the AdaBoost algorithm. A probability estimate by a kernel-SVM is used for the outputs of base learners, which are independently trained for local features. The base learners are determined by selecting the optimal local feature according to sample weights determined by the boosting algorithm with cross-validation. Our method was applied to the MIT CBCL pedestrian image database, and 54 sub-regions were extracted from each image as local features. The experimental results showed a good classification ratio for unlearned samples.
The discourse of speech-language pathology

As speech-language pathologists we seek to understand the communication of others, but rarely turn our attention to how we communicate. In this paper I consider what our discourse about our own profession may communicate about the culture of speech-language pathology. To consider our professional discourse, I use the approach of critical discourse analysis to examine the discourses produced about and by those involved with communication difficulty as “artefacts” of the cultural ideology in which they are embedded. Through analysing discourses and the contexts in which they are produced, we can begin to identify the underlying socio-cultural forces that are instantiated and maintained through such discourses. This paper introduces the concepts central to critical discourse analysis, and examines some key examples of the discourse artefacts of speech-language pathology in relation to scope of practice in order to reflect on what these discourses may tell us about our professional culture.
UGC collection strategy oriented user influence classification and feature analysis

With the development of Social Networking Services, users can publish and receive information expediently. With the scale of information to be processed is becoming bigger, the information acquisition rules adopted by traditional search engine met with many difficulties. To solve the problem, we must develop new UGC collection strategy. We think there are three main factors: user, UGC and the interactive relationship between user and UGC. In this paper, we propose an algorithm named UIC to calculate user influence value. Based on the results, we classify the user into three types: star user, usual user, zombie user. In order to make further analysis of features of all kinds of users, based on preliminary classification, we make sampling and content analysis of the three types of user in order to optimize the user classification, and also make better support the UGC acquisition strategy.
Fast point quadrupling on elliptic curves

Ciet et al. (2006) proposed an elegant method for trading inversions for multiplications when computing [2]P+Q from two given points P and Q on elliptic curves of Weierstrass form. Motivated by their work, this paper proposes a fast algorithm for computing [4]P with only one inversion in affine coordinates. Our algorithm that requires 1I + 8S + 8M, is faster than two repeated doublings whenever the cost of one field inversion is more expensive than the cost of four field multiplications plus four field squarings (i.e. I > 4M + 4S). It saves one field multiplication and one field squaring in comparison with the Sakai-Sakurai method (2001). Even better, for special curves that allow "a = 0" (or "b = 0") speedup, we obtain [4]P in affine coordinates using just 1I + 5S + 9M (or 1I + 5S + 6M, respectively).
Nonquadratic stabilization of continuous-time systems in the Takagi-Sugeno form

This paper presents a relaxed scheme for controller synthesis of continuous- time systems in the Takagi-Sugeno form, based on non-quadratic Lyapunov functions and a non-PDC control law. The relaxations here provided allow state and input dependence of the membership functions’ derivatives, as well as independence on initial conditions when input constraints are needed. Moreover, the controller synthesis is attainable via linear matrix inequalities, which are efficiently solved by commercially available software.
BRST approach to higher spin field theories

We develop the BRST approach to Lagrangian formulation for massive bosonic and massless fermionic higher spin fields on a flat space-time of arbitrary dimension. General procedure of gauge invariant Lagrangian construction describing the dynamics of the fields with any spin is given. No off-shell constraints on the fields (like tracelessness) and the gauge parameters are imposed. The procedure is based on construction of new representations for the closed algebras generated by the constraints defining irreducible representations of the Poincare group. We also construct Lagrangians describing propagation of all massive bosonic fields and massless fermionic fields simultaneously.
Time to Try a Little Tenderness? The Detrimental Effects of Accountability When Coupled With Abusive Supervision

The deleterious health and behavioral consequences of reporting to an abusive supervisor have been documented in past research. Furthermore, recent corporate scandals have led to increased pressure to hold employees accountable for their behaviors and decisions at work. This study examines the interactive effects of abusive supervision on experienced relationships between accountability and work outcomes (job tension, job satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion), with a sample of 366 employees across a myriad of contexts and conditions for answerability. Specifically, it was hypothesized that high levels of perceived abuse would interact with accountability such that job satisfaction declines and tension and exhaustion escalate because of the control-depleting properties of abuse. Study results were supportive of these proposed relationships. Key contributions and limitations of the study, as well as directions for future research, are discussed.
AUTOMATIC COMPLEXITY REDUCTION IN REINFORCEMENT LEARNING

High dimensionality of state representation is a major limitation for scale‐up in reinforcement learning (RL). This work derives the knowledge of complexity reduction from partial solutions and provides algorithms for automated dimension reduction in RL. We propose the cascading decomposition algorithm based on the spectral analysis on a normalized graph Laplacian to decompose a problem into several subproblems and then conduct parameter relevance analysis on each subproblem to perform dynamic state abstraction. The elimination of irrelevant parameters projects the original state space into the one with lower dimension in which some subtasks are projected onto the same shared subtasks. The framework could identify irrelevant parameters based on performed action sequences and thus relieve the problem of high dimensionality in learning process. We evaluate the framework with experiments and show that the dimension reduction approach could indeed make some infeasible problem to become learnable.
A Developmental Response to Pathogen Infection in Arabidopsis1

We present evidence that susceptible Arabidopsis plants accelerate their reproductive development and alter their shoot architecture in response to three different pathogen species. We infected 2-week-old Arabidopsis seedlings with two bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas campestris, and an oomycete, Peronospora parasitica. Infection with each of the three pathogens reduced time to flowering and the number of aerial branches on the primary inflorescence. In the absence of competition, P. syringae and P. parasitica infection also increased basal branch development. Flowering time and branch responses were affected by the amount of pathogen present. Large amounts of pathogen caused the most dramatic changes in the number of branches on the primary inflorescence, but small amounts of P. syringae caused the fastest flowering and the production of the most basal branches. RPS2 resistance prevented large changes in development when it prevented visible disease symptoms but not at high pathogen doses and when substantial visible hypersensitive response occurred. These experiments indicate that phylogenetically disparate pathogens cause similar changes in the development of susceptible Arabidopsis. We propose that these changes in flowering time and branch architecture constitute a general developmental response to pathogen infection that may affect tolerance of and/or resistance to disease.
Dysphoria : Relations to appraisals, coping, and adjustment

Previous research has shown that individual differences in dysphoria are linked to adjustment, but the potential mediating influence of appraisals and coping has not been studied until now (R. Lazarus & S. Folkman, 1984). This study examined the direct and indirect influences of dysphoria on primary and secondary appraisal, coping, and psychological and physical adjustment in 361 college students. Results from conducting path analyses indicated that the link between dysphoria and adjustment was mediated by appraisals and coping. These results also suggest that dysphoria has both direct and indirect influences on adjustment. Implications for future research and development of appropriate interventions for working with dysphorics are discussed.
A discursive approach to entrepreneurial marketing: Integrating academic and practice theory

Abstract This paper proposes a conceptual entrepreneurial marketing model, integrating academic and practice theory. Based upon abstract, generalized and explicit theoretical concepts, this paper is the first to integrate an implicit, intuitive and tacit resource of practice within a single conceptual model. Theoretical underpinnings are developed from a newly conceptualized definition of entrepreneurial marketing, perspectives on the emerging nature of entrepreneurial marketing, and models of application of entrepreneurial marketing. Practice-based underpinnings are based upon the proactive, innovative and risk-taking entrepreneurship marketing initiatives identified from a respected community of high-growth entrepreneurs. An interpretive, ethnographic qualitative approach, consisting of in-depth interviews and focus groups, was initiated to record the entrepreneurs’ real-life experiences. The proposed model and equation facilitates entrepreneurs, corporate venturers and post graduate entrepreneur students toward establishing high growth ventures.
Lost in transition? The changing face of Victim Support

This article examines how Victim Support in the UK has developed over time, from its early beginnings as a voluntary sector organization operating in a less formal manner than is the case today, to becoming ‘the’ major professional key agency working for and on behalf of victims of crime. Victim Support began life as a developing network of support schemes, essentially responding to victims on the basis of local ‘need’. Whilst by 1979 a national office had been created, its role was to act more as an umbrella body rather than as a regulating and standardizing agent. Local schemes were affiliated to this body, but continued to work and be managed independently within their own geographical areas. This situation changed over time as the managerialism that was introduced originally into the public sector pervaded the voluntary sector also. Thus, for Victim Support, services became increasingly more centrally ‘managed’, professionalized and standardized. In this sense it may be argued that Victim Support has undergone a ‘transition’, transporting the agency beyond all recognition from its early beginnings as a more generalist victims’ service to an increasingly targeted one. Part of the transition also has been the shift to a more case-managed approach whereby there is much greater emphasis upon the role of professional staff in assessing victims’ needs, and the filtering of work to volunteers. These shifts have taken place against a changing political backdrop wherein the voluntary sector has been drawn much more into the work of the state, and where for agencies such as Victim Support there have been tremendous rewards in taking on this role.
Performance optimization of function localization neural network by using reinforcement learning

According to Hebb's cell assembly theory, the brain has the capability of function localization. On the other hand, it is suggested that the brain has three different learning paradigms: supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning. Inspired by the above knowledge of brain, we present a self-organizing function localization neural network (FLNN), that contains supervised, unsupervised and reinforcement learning paradigms. In this paper, we concentrate our discussion mainly on applying a simplified reinforcement learning called evaluative feedback to optimization of the self-organizing FLNN. Numerical simulations show that the self-organizing FLNN has superior performance to an ordinary artificial neural network (ANN).
Diabolic Caminos in the Desert and Cat Fights on the Río: A Posthumanist Political Ecology of Boundary Enforcement in the United States–Mexico Borderlands

This article makes the case for addressing nonhumans as actors in geopolitical processes such as boundary making and enforcement. The challenge of this line of argumentation is to account for nonhumans as actors without enacting dualistic ontologies that locate the natural and social in separate realms. To address this methodological challenge, I present a posthumanist political ecology. I elaborate my argument and methodological approach in relation to my research on the environmental dimensions of U.S. border security. Specifically, I examine how deserts, rivers, Tamaulipan Thornscrub, and cats inflect, disrupt, and obstruct the daily practices of boundary enforcement, leading state actors to call for more funding, infrastructure, boots on the ground, and surveillance technology. As my research illustrates, taking nonhumans seriously as actors alters explanations for the escalation of U.S. enforcement strategies.