Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From pulses to pain relief: an update on the mechanisms of rTMS‐induced analgesic effects

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non‐invasive technique that allows cortical stimulation. Recent studies have shown that rTMS of the primary motor cortex or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex decreases pain in various pain conditions. The aim of this review was to summarize the main characteristics of rTMS‐induced analgesic effects and to analyse the current data on its mechanisms of action.
Oral Contraceptive Use and Cyclin D 1 Overexpression in Breast Cancer among Young Women

Cyclin D1, an important cell cycle regulator, is overexpressed in several human cancers including breast. Both estrogens and progestins activate the transcription of the gene; antiestrogens have been shown to reduce cyclin D1 protein levels. Cyclin D1 protein overexpression has been strongly associated with well-differentiated, estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Little is known, however, as to whether epidemiological risk factors are related to this molecularly defined subset of tumors. Using a population-based study of young women <45 years in New Jersey, we analyzed whether oral contraceptives (OCs) and other risk factors were associated with the overexpression of cyclin D1 in breast cancer tissue. We measured cyclin D1 status in paraffinembedded, archived tissue from 78.8% of the breast cancer cases using immunohistochemistry. Cyclin D1 was overexpressed in 33.7% of the cases (123 of 365). We used unordered polytomous logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for two case groups—(a) breast cancer with cyclin D1 overexpression (n 123) and (b) breast cancer without overexpression (n 242)—compared with 462 population-based controls. The multivariate-adjusted OR for ever use of OCs was 1.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0–2.5] for cases that overexpressed cyclin D1 and 1.0 (95% CI, 0.7–1.5) for those with no overexpression. Among women who started using OCs at least 20 years before the reference date, the OR was increased 2-fold for breast cancer with cyclin D1 overexpression (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2–4.0) but not for breast cancer without cyclin D1 overexpression (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7–1.8). If replicated, these findings suggest that early OC use may be associated with the subset of mammary tumors that overexpress cyclin D1.
Aquachlorido(3,5-dinitro-2-oxidobenzoato-κ2 O 1,O 2)(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)chromium(III)

In the title compound, [Cr(C7H2N2O7)Cl(C12H8N2)(H2O)], the CrIII atom displays a distorted octahedral coordination geometry, with the chelating phenantroline and 3,5-dinitrosalicylate ligands in trans positions. In the crystal, molecules are connected via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a two-dimensional framework parallel to (100). In addition, there are π–π stacking interactions between phenanthroline ligands along the c axis, with a mean interplanar distance of 3.456 (4) Å.
Treatment of Francisella infections via PLGA- and lipid-based nanoparticle delivery of antibiotics in a zebrafish model.

We tested the efficiency of 2 different antibiotics, rifampicin and oxolinic acid, against an established infection caused by fish pathogen Francisella noatunensis ssp. orientalis (F.n.o.) in zebrafish. The drugs were tested in the free form as well as encapsulated into biodegradable nanoparticles, either polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles or nanostructured lipid carriers. The most promising therapies were PLGA-rifampicin nanoparticles and free oxolinic acid; the PLGA nanoparticles significantly delayed embryo mortality while free oxolinic acid prevented it. Encapsulation of rifampicin in both PLGA and nanostructured lipid carriers enhanced its efficiency against F.n. o. infection relative to the free drug. We propose that the zebrafish model is a robust, rapid system for initial testing of different treatments of bacterial diseases important for aquaculture.
The foundations of a theory in the calculus of variations in the large

The conventional object in a paper on the calculus of variations is the investigation of the conditions under which a maximum or minimum of a given integral occurs. Writers have accordingly done little with extremal segments that have contained more than one point conjugate to a given point. An extended theory is needed for several reasons. One reason is that in applying the calculus of variations to geodesies, or to that very general class of dynamical systems or differential equations which may be put in the form of the Euler equations, it is by no means a minimum or a maximum that is always sought. For example, if in the problem of two bodies we make use of the corresponding Jacobi principle of least action f the ellipses which thereby appear as extremals always have pairs of conjugate points on them, and do not accordingly give a minimum to the integral relative to neighboring closed curves, so that no example of periodic motion would be found by a search for a minimum of the Jacobi integral. In general if one is looking for extremals joining two points or periodic extremals deformable into a given closed curve, the a priori expectation, as justified by the results of this paper, in general problems, would seem to be that more solutions would not give an extremum than would give an extremum. A second reason for the study of extremal segments and periodic extremals that do not furnish an extremum for the integral is that if the ultimate object sought is an extremum, the existence of such extrema is tied up "in the large" with the existence of extremals which do not furnish extrema. It is one of the purposes of this paper to show the relations in the large between all sorts of extremals joining two fixed points, or deformable into a given closed curve. A first type of a priori existence theorem is Hubert's theorem concerning
Improving the Design of the Pedicled Nasoseptal Flap for Skull Base Reconstruction: A Radioanatomic Study

Background: Reconstruction of the skull base after an expanded endonasal approach (EEA) is critical to achieve a good outcome. A novel technique based on the use of a pedicled nasoseptal flap has proven to be a reliable and versatile reconstructive option for extensive defects of the skull base. Data regarding the potential dimensions of a nasoseptal flap are lacking in the literature. This pilot study was developed to help optimize the design of the nasoseptal flap and to ensure that when harvesting the flap, its width and length are adequate to reconstruct the defects that are created by various EEAs.
Miniaturized Microstrip Wilkinson Power Divider With Harmonic Suppression

A microstrip Wilkinson power divider with harmonic suppression and size reduction is presented in this letter. The proposed power divider not only effectively reduces its occupied area to 36.5% of the conventional design at 2.65 GHz but also has higher order harmonics suppression. From the measured results, a 29 dB suppression for the third harmonic and a 34 dB suppression for the fifth harmonic are achieved while maintaining the characteristics of a conventional Wilkinson power divider. Based on a 15 dB return-loss criteria, the measured fractional bandwidth is 48%. At an operation frequency of 2.65 GHz, the insertion losses are better than 3.4 dB, the return loss is 27 dB, and the isolation is better than 22 dB.
Stage model for knowledge management

This study develops an integrated management framework for building organizational capabilities of knowledge management (KM). The framework consists of four major management objects: organizational knowledge, knowledge worker knowledge management process, and information technology. Based on the framework, this study proposes a stage model of organizational knowledge management encompassing initiation, propagation, integration, and networking stages. Each of the four stages is differentiated in terms of its management goals, activities, and characteristics of the management objects. To validate the proposed stage model, we conducted a latent content analysis of 21 knowledge management case reports. While the results do not validate the time sequence of each stage, they do reveal meaningful clustering of distinct case organizations in different knowledge management implementation stages.
The Epstein‐Barr virus nuclear antigen 2 interacts with an EBNA2 responsive cis‐element of the terminal protein 1 gene promoter.

The Epstein‐Barr virus protein EBNA2 acts as a transcriptional activator of cellular and viral genes and plays a crucial role in the immortalization of human primary B‐cells by EBV. We have shown previously that EBNA2 transactivates the promoters of the latent membrane antigens LMP, TP1 and TP2. The promoter of the TP1 gene was chosen as a model system to study the molecular mechanism of EBNA2 mediated transactivation. To identify an EBNA2 dependent cis‐acting element, various TP1 promoter‐reporter gene constructs were transfected in the absence and presence of an EBNA2 expression vector into the established B‐cell line BL41‐P3HR1. We were able to delineate an 81 bp EBNA2 responsive region between −258 and −177 relative to the TP1 RNA start site. The element worked in either orientation and could mediate EBNA2 dependent transactivation on a heterologous promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed three specific protein‐DNA complexes formed with sequences of the EBNA2 responsive element. Two of these were not cell type specific, but the third was detected only in EBNA2 positive cell extracts. Gel‐shift analysis in the presence of EBNA2 specific monoclonal antibodies revealed that EBNA2 is a component of the third complex. Thus, these experiments demonstrate that EBNA2 interacts with an EBNA2 responsive cis‐element of the TP1 promoter.
Do I Like It If You Choose For Me? the Influence of Relationship Norms on Consumer Satisfaction

Prior research has shown that consumers are usually more satisfied with self-chosen than with other-chosen outcomes. This research tests for a potential moderator of this effect: the type of consumer-marketer relationship. Relative to a communal relationship (based on concern for the partner), an exchange relationship (based on quid pro quo) is perceived as a way to further one’s own interests. Results show that when the choice is made by the marketer rather than by consumers, consumers refer to the norms of their relationship with the marketer to make attributions about its motivations, which in turn are used to assess outcome satisfaction.
Leveraging Technology for Refugee Integration: How Can We Help?

Spurred by the military conflicts, refugees’ crisis has swept Europe by surprise. With a challenge of integrating refugees into hosting societies comes the question about the role that ICTs could play in the ongoing integration efforts. Indeed, unprecedented reliance of refugees on technology, especially smartphones, is an important distinction of the current refugees’ crisis. ICT may support integrative efforts undertaken by local authorities and other stakeholders. Nonetheless, the question how ICTs can be applied to support refugees and how detrimental effects for them and the hosting societies can be mitigated is difficult to answer. The panel discussion will be structured around four areas: (1) communication with the government; (2) social connectedness; (3) participation in educational programs; and (4) integration and social inclusion. The goal is to present the chances and challenges of ICT use by refugees on an operational level, and how ICT systems should be designed and culturally adapted.
A simplified inverse kinematic approach for embodied VR applications

In this paper, we compare a full body marker set with a reduced rigid body marker set supported by inverse kinematics. We measured system latency, illusion of virtual body ownership, and task load in an applied scenario for inducing acrophobia. While not showing a significant change in body ownership or task performance, results do show that latency and task load are reduced when using the rigid body inverse kinematics solution. The approach therefore has the potential to improve virtual reality experiences.
Electrodynamic Characteristics of the Dielectric Hemisphere Located Above the Surface of the Liquid

The influence of the dielectric properties of liquid on electrodynamical characteristics of hemispheric dielectric resonator is studied. This article addresses the questions such as what type of mode (E or H) is more sensitive to disturbance from liquid, and what parameter of resonator (quality factor Q or frequency F) should be chosen to establish distinction in liquids. In a millimeter range it is possible to create a resonant measuring cell for analysis of dielectric properties of liquids with high dielectric losses in the form of the hemispherical dielectric resonator excited on whispering gallery type waves. To determine the imaginary part of dielectric permeability (epsiv") it is preferably to choose oscillations of H-type, while sensitivity a dielectric constant (epsiv') is practically identical for oscillations E- and H-type.
Impact of double-loop controller on grid connected inverter input admittance using virtual resistor

Grid connected inverter offers better controllability and better operation, however, there is a risk for local instabilities due to particular control scheme. As long as the input admittance is positive at particular resonance frequency, the risk of local instability can be suppressed. In this paper, the virtual resistor concept is employed to obtain the positive input admittance. Impact of double-loop controller using virtual resistor on converter passivity is analyzed by observing the input admittance of the grid connected inverter. By numerical analysis, it can be shown that employment of virtual resistor gives better input admittance of grid connected inverter, particularly in low frequency region.
“Is this Site Confusing or Interesting?” A Perceived Web site Complexity (PWC) Scale for Assessing Consumer Internet Interactivity

This paper develops a comprehensive conceptualization of the construct, perceived web site complexity. Drawing on the research on stimulus complexity and task complexity, we develop a valid and reliable scale that captures the underlying dimensions of perceived web site complexity. We found two key dimensions underlying perceived web site complexity: structural complexity (comprising range and dissimilarity of structural elements) and interactive complexity (comprising navigational ambiguity and probabilistic hyperlink outcomes ). Further, the results confirm that the facets of perceived web site complexity have an inverted-U relationship with telepresence. Finally, telepresence mediates the relationship between complexity and attitudes. We discuss the implications of these results.
Safe for Generations to Come.

With the increasing demand for higher data rates and more reliable service capabilities for wireless devices, wireless service providers are facing an unprecedented challenge to overcome a global bandwidth shortage. Early global activities on beyond fourth-generation (B4G) and fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems suggest that millimeterwave (mmWave) frequencies are very promising for future wireless communication networks due to the massive amount of raw bandwidth and potential multigigabit-per-second (Gb/s) data rates [1]–[3]. Both industry and academia have begun the exploration of the untapped mmWave frequency spectrum for future broadband mobile communication networks. In April 2014, the Brooklyn 5G Summit [4], sponsored by Nokia and the New York University (NYU) WIRELESS research center, drew global attention to mmWave communications and channel modeling. In July 2014, the IEEE 802.11 next-generation 60GHz study group was formed to increase the data rates to over 20 Gb/s in the unlicensed 60GHz frequency band while maintaining backward compatibility with the emerging IEEE 802.11ad wireless local area network (WLAN) standard [5]. HHS Public Access Author manuscript IEEE Microw Mag. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 November 02.
Methodology of the Interventional Management of Stroke III Trial

Rationale The Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) I and II pilot trials demonstrated that the combined intravenous (i.v.) and intraarterial (i.a.) approach to recanalization may be more effective than standard i.v. rt-PA (Activase®) alone for moderate-to-large National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS ≥ 10) strokes, and with a similar safety profile. Aims The primary objective of this NIH-funded, Phase III, randomized, multicenter, open-label clinical trial is to determine whether a combined i.v. /i.a. approach to recanalization is superior to standard i.v. rt-PA alone when initiated within 3 h of acute ischemic stroke onset. The IMS III trial will develop and maintain a network of interventional centers to test the safety, feasibility, and potential efficacy of new FDA-approved catheter devices as part of a combined i.v. /i.a. approach to recanalization as the IMS III study progresses. A secondary objective of the IMS III trial is to determine the cost-effectiveness of the combined i.v. /i.a. approach as compared with standard i.v. rt-PA. Trial enrollment began in July of 2006. Design A projected 900 subjects with moderate-to-large (NIHSS ≥ 10) ischemic strokes between ages 18 and 80 will be enrolled over the next 5 years at 40-plus centers in the United States and Canada. Patients must have i.v. treatment initiated within 3 h of stroke onset in both arms. Subjects will be randomized in a 2: 1 ratio with more subjects enrolled in the combined i.v. /i.a. group. The i.v. rt-PA alone group will receive the standard full dose [0·9 mg/kg, 90 mg maximum (10% as bolus)] of rt-PA intravenously over an hour. The combined i.v. /i.a. group will receive a lower dose of i.v. rt-PA (~0·6 mg/kg, 60 mg maximum) over 40 min, followed by immediate angiography. If a treatable thrombus is not demonstrated, no i.a. therapy will be administered. If an appropriate thrombus is identified, treatment will continue with either the Concentric Merci® thrombus-removal device, infusion of rt-PA and delivery of low-intensity ultrasound at the site of the occlusion via the EKOS® Micro-Infusion Catheter, or infusion of rt-PA via a standard microcatheter. If i.a. rt-Pa therapy is the chosen strategy, a maximum of 22 mg of i.a. rt-PA may be given. The choice of i.a. strategy will be made by the treating neurointerventionalist. The i.a. treatment must begin within 5 h and be completed within 7 h of stroke onset. Study outcomes The primary outcome measure is a favorable clinical outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale Score of 0–2 at 3 months. The primary safety measure is mortality at 3 months and symptomatic ICH within the 24 h of randomization.
The Future Of Identity In The Information Society Challenges And Opportunities

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Bis(triethylammonium) bis(μ-pyrazine-2,3-dithiolato)bis(pyrazine-2,3-dithiolato)diferrate(III) methanol disolvate

In the title compound, (C6H16N)2[Fe2(C4H2N2S2)4]·2CH4O, the [FeIII(pdt)2]− anion (pdt is pyrazine-2,3-dithiolate) forms a centrosymmetric dimer supported by two FeIII—S bonds [Fe—S = 2.4787 (4) Å]. In the crystal structure, dimers form a one-dimensional stack along the b axis via π–π stacking interactions, the interplanar separation between adjacent dimers being 3.51 (2) Å. The methanol solvent molecule is involved in two hydrogen bonds in which the hydroxyl group acts as a hydrogen-bond donor to the N atom of a pdt ligand and the O atom acts as an acceptor for the NH group of the triethylammonium cation.
Comparative effects of low-carbohydrate high-protein versus low-fat diets on the kidney.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Concerns exist about deleterious renal effects of low-carbohydrate high-protein weight loss diets. This issue was addressed in a secondary analysis of a parallel randomized, controlled long-term trial. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS Between 2003 and 2007, 307 obese adults without serious medical illnesses at three United States academic centers were randomly assigned to a low-carbohydrate high-protein or a low-fat weight-loss diet for 24 months. Main outcomes included renal filtration (GFR) indices (serum creatinine, cystatin C, creatinine clearance); 24-hour urinary volume; albumin; calcium excretion; and serum solutes at 3, 12, and 24 months. RESULTS Compared with the low-fat diet, low-carbohydrate high-protein consumption was associated with minor reductions in serum creatinine (relative difference, -4.2%) and cystatin C (-8.4%) at 3 months and relative increases in creatinine clearance at 3 (15.8 ml/min) and 12 (20.8 ml/min) months; serum urea at 3 (14.4%), 12 (9.0%), and 24 (8.2%) months; and 24-hour urinary volume at 12 (438 ml) and 24 (268 ml) months. Urinary calcium excretion increased at 3 (36.1%) and 12 (35.7%) months without changes in bone density or clinical presentations of new kidney stones. CONCLUSIONS In healthy obese individuals, a low-carbohydrate high-protein weight-loss diet over 2 years was not associated with noticeably harmful effects on GFR, albuminuria, or fluid and electrolyte balance compared with a low-fat diet. Further follow-up is needed to determine even longer-term effects on kidney function.
Internet of Things: Vision, application areas and research challenges

Internet of Things (IoT) is the convergence of the Internet with smart objects or “things belonging to Internet” to exchange the real-world information. Now the Internet is moving out from Internet of people to the Internet of everything. Billions of devices expected to connect to the Internet in future that will require a well manageable mechanism where the objects can sense and behave accordingly by themselves. This paper presents how the data/information from smart objects gives rise to the actual discoveries in IoT world. IoT vision is presented with a simple architecture of IoT. Diiferent IoT application domains with their use cases are discussed. Finally, a taxonomy of IoT research areas is presented with different research challenges.
The Rcs Signal Transduction Pathway Is Triggered by Enterobacterial Common Antigen Structure Alterations in Serratia marcescens

ABSTRACT The enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) is a highly conserved exopolysaccharide in Gram-negative bacteria whose role remains largely uncharacterized. In a previous work, we have demonstrated that disrupting the integrity of the ECA biosynthetic pathway imposed severe deficiencies to the Serratia marcescens motile (swimming and swarming) capacity. In this work, we show that alterations in the ECA structure activate the Rcs phosphorelay, which results in the repression of the flagellar biogenesis regulatory cascade. In addition, a detailed analysis of wec cluster mutant strains, which provoke the disruption of the ECA biosynthesis at different levels of the pathway, suggests that the absence of the periplasmic ECA cyclic structure could constitute a potential signal detected by the RcsF-RcsCDB phosphorelay. We also identify SMA1167 as a member of the S. marcescens Rcs regulon and show that high osmolarity induces Rcs activity in this bacterium. These results provide a new perspective from which to understand the phylogenetic conservation of ECA among enterobacteria and the basis for the virulence attenuation detected in wec mutant strains in other pathogenic bacteria.