Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The RecQ helicase WRN is required for normal replication fork progression after DNA damage or replication fork arrest

Werner syndrome is an autosomal recessive genetic instability and cancer predisposition syndrome with features of premature aging. Several lines of evidence have suggested that the Werner syndrome protein WRN plays a role in DNA replication and S-phase progression. In order to define the exact role of WRN in genomic replication we examined cell cycle kinetics during normal cell division and after methyl-methane-sulfonate (MMS) DNA damage or hydroxyurea (HU)-mediated replication arrest following acute depletion of WRN from human fibroblasts. Loss of WRN markedly extended the time cells needed to complete the cell cycle after either of these genotoxic treatments. Moreover, replication track analysis of individual, stretched DNA fibers showed that WRN depletion significantly reduced the speed at which replication forks elongated in vivo after MMS or HU treatment. These results establish the importance of WRN during genomic replication and indicate that WRN acts to facilitate fork progression after DNA damage or replication arrest. The data provide a mechanistic basis for a better understanding of WRN-mediated maintenance of genomic stability and for predicting the outcomes of DNA-targeting chemotherapy in several adult cancers that silence WRN expression.
Attention prediction on social media brand pages

In this paper, we deal with the problem of predicting how much attention a newly submitted post would receive from fellow community members of closed communities in social networking sites. Though the concept of attention is subjective, the number of comments received by a post serves as a very good indicator of the same. Unlike previous work which primarily made use of either content features or the network features (friendship links on the network), we exploit both the content features and community level features (for instance, what time of the day is the community more active) for tackling this problem. Further, we focus on dedicated pages of corporate brands on social media websites and accordingly extract important features from the content and community activity of such brand pages. The attention prediction task finds direct application in the listening, monitoring and engaging activities of the businesses that have such brand-pages. In this paper, we formulate the problem of attention prediction on social media brand pages. We further propose Attention Prediction (AP) framework which integrates the various features that influence the attention received by a post using classification and regression based approaches. Experimental results on real world data extracted from some highly active brand pages on Facebook demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework.
Virtual Battery: A Battery Simulation Framework for Electric Vehicles

The battery is one of the most important components in electric vehicles. In this paper, a virtual battery model, which provides a framework of battery simulation for electric vehicles, is introduced. Using such a framework, we can model and simulate the performance of a battery during its usage, such as battery charge, discharge, and idle status, the impacts of internal and external temperature, the manufacturing quality on joints, the cell capacity and balance management, etc. Such a framework can provide a quantitative tool for design and manufacturing engineers to predict the battery performance, investigate the impacts of manufacturing process, and obtain feedback for improvement in battery design, control, and manufacturing processes. Note to Practitioners-Automotive battery manufacturing has become more and more important due to the need of alternative energy source to gasoline powered engines. Although substantial amount of attention has been paid to study both individual battery cells and the battery pack as a whole, a battery model which includes interactions of all its components (cells, joints, external inputs, etc.) is not available, and the impact of manufacturing quality on battery performance has not been investigated. In this paper, a virtual battery simulation framework is developed to evaluate battery performance under different circumstances, involving the issues of cell capacity, temperature, driving profile, the joint (manufacturing) quality, etc. Such a framework can help battery design and manufacturing engineers to evaluate battery performance, investigate the impacts of manufacturing practices, and provide feedback for improvement.
Effects of childhood poverty and chronic stress on emotion regulatory brain function in adulthood

Significance Childhood poverty has been linked to emotion dysregulation, which is further associated with negative physical and psychological health in adulthood. The current study provides evidence of prospective associations between childhood poverty and adult neural activity during effortful attempts to regulate negative emotion. Adults with lower family income at age 9 exhibited reduced ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity and failure to suppress amygdala activation at age 24. Chronic stressor exposure across childhood mediated the relations between family income at age 9 and prefrontal cortex activity. The concurrent adult income, on the other hand, was not associated with neural activity. The information on the developmental timing of poverty effects and neural mechanisms may inform early interventions aimed at reducing health disparities. Childhood poverty has pervasive negative physical and psychological health sequelae in adulthood. Exposure to chronic stressors may be one underlying mechanism for childhood poverty−health relations by influencing emotion regulatory systems. Animal work and human cross-sectional studies both suggest that chronic stressor exposure is associated with amygdala and prefrontal cortex regions important for emotion regulation. In this longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging study of 49 participants, we examined associations between childhood poverty at age 9 and adult neural circuitry activation during emotion regulation at age 24. To test developmental timing, concurrent, adult income was included as a covariate. Adults with lower family income at age 9 exhibited reduced ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity and failure to suppress amygdala activation during effortful regulation of negative emotion at age 24. In contrast to childhood income, concurrent adult income was not associated with neural activity during emotion regulation. Furthermore, chronic stressor exposure across childhood (at age 9, 13, and 17) mediated the relations between family income at age 9 and ventrolateral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity at age 24. The findings demonstrate the significance of childhood chronic stress exposures in predicting neural outcomes during emotion regulation in adults who grew up in poverty.
Terminal sliding mode control of mobile wheeled inverted pendulum

The mobile wheeled inverted pendulum is widely used in many robotic applications and also paid attention by theorists due to its essentially unstable. The equilibrium control and velocity control of a mobile wheeled inverted pendulum are discussed in this paper. Based on the three-dimensional (3D) dynamic model of this underactuated system running on the flat ground derived by Lagrange's motion equation, a terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) is proposed to ensure the underactuated system can be self-balanced and variables converge to desired states. By using the proposed controller, the system can stay at the equilibrium or track a given yaw angle. Numerical simulations are provided to verify and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and controllers.
THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF FACE PROCESSING: AN INTRODUCTION

Faces are extraordinarily rich sources of information. From one glance, you can determine the person’s age and sex. You know where he or she is looking. You can read mood. If the person is familiar, you know who it is. For most of us, faces are a unique class of visual stimulus: What else do we look at more often or care about more deeply? The very fact that faces have been so special to us and to our primate ancestors makes them a fascinating test case for many of the central questions in cognitive neuroscience. To what extent does visual cognition rely on domain-specific processing mechanisms? How do these specialised cognitive mechanisms arise? How autonomous are they, and how do they interact with other cognitive systems? The centrality of faces in our lives, however, poses a thorny problem for researchers. What visual stimuli can serve as adequate controls, matched for interest, biological relevance, and visual expertise? Few investigators would disagree that faces are visually special, but it’s not easy to discover exactly how and why they are unique. Not easy, but worth the effort. Exploiting the gamut of techniques from cognitive neuroscience, research on face processing is now making substantial progress. The articles in the present issue use single-unit recording, event-related potentials (ERPS), fMRI, cortical microstimulation, and behavioural testing of patients with brain damage. These studies, together with recent related studies published elsewhere, have helped us gain traction on the long-standing questions of how faces are perceived, how their processing differs from that of nonface stimuli, and how the interaction of evolutionary and experiential forces has produced a neural mechanism that still outperforms the best computer vision algorithms. Here we synopsise the main advances that have been made by the research reported in this volume.
Predicting Protein Submitochondrial Locations: The 10th Anniversary

Predicting protein submitochondrial location has been studied for about ten years. A number of methods have been developed. The prediction performances have been improved to an almost perfect level. In this review, we introduce the background of this research topic. We also compare the methods, the performances and the datasets that have been used by these studies. Towards the end, we provide hints for the future directions of this research topic.
Parkin Ubiquitinates Drp1 for Proteasome-dependent Degradation

Mutations in Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates protein turnover, represent one of the major causes of familial Parkinson disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and impaired mitochondrial functions. The underlying mechanism by which pathogenic Parkin mutations induce mitochondrial abnormality is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that Parkin interacts with and subsequently ubiquitinates dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), for promoting its proteasome-dependent degradation. Pathogenic mutation or knockdown of Parkin inhibits the ubiquitination and degradation of Drp1, leading to an increased level of Drp1 for mitochondrial fragmentation. These results identify Drp1 as a novel substrate of Parkin and suggest a potential mechanism linking abnormal Parkin expression to mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease.
Views of Chinese parents and transition teachers on school-to-work transition services for adolescents with intellectual disability: A qualitative study†

Abstract Background The use of effective theory and practice in school-to-work transition for adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) is essential to enhance transition outcomes. In China, little attention has been paid to these issues. The current study explored Chinese parents’ and transition teachers’ views on school-to-work transition services for adolescents with ID. Method Fourteen transition teachers and 14 parents across 7 cities in China were interviewed, and the interview data were thematically analysed. Results The results suggest that the chief reasons for poor transition outcomes in China include social bias toward and limited employability of adolescents with ID, lack of quality transition programs, and insufficient policy and financial support. Conclusions It is recommended that the Chinese government, employers, transition institutions, and families make changes to address the underachievement of postsecondary transition outcomes.
Morbidity profile of long distance truck drivers in Hyderabad city, India.

CONTEXT Truck drivers in India suffer from multiple health problems related to their long travelling and inadequate rest hours. AIMS The objective was to study the health problems and risk factors in a sample of truck drivers in Hyderabad city. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted during June 2011 among 59 truck drivers from a transport company, who were interviewed using a pretested proforma and examined by trained investigators. Lab results and medical consultations were provided the following day. Results were analyzed using Microsoft Access software. RESULTS The mean age of truck drivers was 28.46 ± 9.3 years. 54% suffered from low backache, 16.95% from visual problems, 45.76% had hypertension, 8.47% had anemia and 30.51% had high-risk body mass index. The prevalence of risk factors for metabolic disorders was lower compared to the general population. CONCLUSION Proper road and job policies for truck drivers should be framed, aiming at subjecting them for periodic health evaluations to detect the diseases early.
DCRR-005 The Intertemporal Approach to the Current Account and Currency Crises

This paper investigates the relationship between optimal current account deficits and currency crises. The framework for determining the optimal size of the current account is the intertemporal approach. The intertemporal model of the current account is empirically estimated for a sample of 17 countries, ten of which did experience a currency crisis (broadly defined). Given the large number of countries analyzed under a single set of restrictive assumptions, the intertemporal model of the current account performed well, often capturing important dynamics in the data. In five cases current account levels deviated substantially from the optimal level before the occurrence of the currency crisis, showing that the intertemporal approach has some predictive power for the currency crises. Finally, there was no evidence for countries being unable to run optimal current accounts because of lack of access to the world financial markets in the aftermath of the crisis.
Temporal Coherence in Bounding Volume Hierarchies for Collision Detection

Collision detection is a fundamental problem in computer graphics. In this paper, temporal coherence is studied and an algorithm exploiting it for bounding volume hierarchies, is presented. We show that maintaining some of the intersection tests computed in the previous frame, along with certain information, is able to speedup the intersection tests considerably. The algorithm is able to accelerate the collision detection for small motions and works as fast as the regular algorithm for large motions, where temporal coherence does not exist. The algorithm framework can be implemented for any type of bounding volume hierarchy. To demonstrate this, it was implemented for the OBB and the AABB data structures and tested on several benchmark scenarios.
Courtship signaling and adolescents: “Girls just wanna have fun”?

Ethological researchers have demonstrated that during courtship, women exhibit a constellation of subtle facial expressions and gestures commonly labeled flirting. According to the tenets of evolutionary psychology, women are expected to use nondirect tactics to signal interest in a potential partner because their greater investment in the outcome requires the selection of a partner more willing to invest resources in the relationship. Such tactics may require experience to refine signaling effectiveness. In the current research, I attempted to uncover evidence for developmental differences in courtship behavior by using field methodology. Adolescent girls were covertly observed in mixed‐gender settings to document the number and type of facial expressions and gestures used to indicate interest in boys. These data were compared to similar work done with women in the construction of a catalog of nonverbal courtship signals. The results showed girls used many of the same signals commonly exhibited by women .
Recent developments in the economics of price discrimination

This paper selectively surveys the recent literature on price discrimination. The focus is on three aspects of pricing decisions: the information about customers available to firms; the instruments firms can use in the design of their tariffs; and the ability of firms to commit to their pricing plans. Developments in marketing technology mean that firms often have access to more information about individual customers than was previously the case. The use of this information might be restricted by public policy towards customer privacy. Where it is not restricted, firms may be unable to commit to the use they make of the information. With monopoly supply, an increased ability to engage in price discrimination will boost profit unless the firm cannot commit to its pricing policy. With competition, the effects of price discrimination on profit, consumer surplus and overall welfare depend on the kinds of information and/or instruments available to firms. The paper investigates the circumstances in which price discrimination causes all prices (and hence profit) to fall.
Powerful tools for the characterization of protein complexes

Multi-protein complexes are emerging as important entities of biological activity inside cells that serve to create functional diversity by contextual combination of gene products and, at the same time, organize the large number of different proteins into functional units. Many a time, when studying protein complexes rather than individual proteins, the biological insight gained has been fundamental, particularly in cases in which proteins with no previous functional annotation could be placed into a functional context derived from their molecular environment. In this minireview, we summarize the current state of the art for the retrieval of multiprotein complexes by affinity purification and their analysis by mass spectrometry. The advances in technology made over the past few years now enable the study of protein complexes on a proteomic scale and it can be anticipated that the knowledge gathered from such projects will fuel drug target discovery and validation pipelines and that the technology is also going to prove valuable in the emerging field of systems biology. Keyword: TAP (tandem affinity purification).
Optimal Flow Distribution in Service Function Chaining

Service function chaining (SFC) enables the creation of composite network services that consist of an ordered set of service functions. For scalable and fault-tolerant SFC services, multiple service function instances should be deployed across networks and incoming flows should be distributed to multiple service function instances appropriately. In this paper, we formulate the flow distribution problem in SFC under resource constraints and evaluate its optimal solution in a realistic network topology generated by the GT-ITM topology generator. Simulation results reveal that the optimal solution can reduce the total flow latency significantly.
The Application of Assessment Center Technology to the Evaluation of Personnel Records

Elements of traditional police promotional examinations (e.g., written tests and assessment centers) do not take into account candidates' work histories, and performance appraisals on records are fraught with problems. This article describes a new method of having panelists systematically review several source documents to evaluate behavioral evidence of past work history related to dimensions needed for the target job. This information can then be combined with information from the traditional assessment methods to Improve promotion decisions.
Supervised feature selection via dependence estimation

We introduce a framework for filtering features that employs the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) as a measure of dependence between the features and the labels. The key idea is that good features should maximise such dependence. Feature selection for various supervised learning problems (including classification and regression) is unified under this framework, and the solutions can be approximated using a backward-elimination algorithm. We demonstrate the usefulness of our method on both artificial and real world datasets.
Production and drainage of aqueous humor in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca irus).

The anterior chamber fluid in cynomolgus monkeys was replaced by a solution of albumin and diodone (iodopyracet) labeled with different isotopes of iodine. After 45 to 120 minutes the chamber fluid was collected and analyzed. The same type of experiment icas performed with albumin and my o glob in and with albumin and gamma globulin. In some of the experiments with albumin and myoglobin, the tissues of the eyes were also analyzed. The turnover rate constant for albumin in the anterior chamber was 0.021 minute- 1 at a mean intraocular pressure of 13.8 mm. tig. The turnover rate constants for diodone, myoglobin, and gamma globulin, in the same order, were 1.31, 1.023, and 0.997 times that for albumin. In five 90 minute experiments, on an average, 25 per cent (range 12 to 36 per cent) of the labeled albumin that had left the anterior chamber was present in the intraocular tissues and the tissues fust outside the eye. For myoglobin the corresponding mean figure was 16 per cent. It is concluded that diodone leaves the anterior chamber both by flow and diffusion but that the proteins leave the anterior chamber essentially by bulk flow. Part of this takes place by way of unconventional routes through the anterior uvea, the suprachoroid, and the solera. The total volume of the anterior and posterior chambers was on an average 123 id and the rate of flow of aqueous humor into the anterior chamber was about 1 to 2 id per minute.
Anti‐aging drugs reduce hypothalamic inflammation in a sex‐specific manner

Aging leads to hypothalamic inflammation, but does so more slowly in mice whose lifespan has been extended by mutations that affect GH/IGF‐1 signals. Early‐life exposure to GH by injection, or to nutrient restriction in the first 3 weeks of life, also modulate both lifespan and the pace of hypothalamic inflammation. Three drugs extend lifespan of UM‐HET3 mice in a sex‐specific way: acarbose (ACA), 17‐α‐estradiol (17αE2), and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), with more dramatic longevity increases in males in each case. In this study, we examined the effect of these anti‐aging drugs on neuro‐inflammation in hypothalamus and hippocampus. We found that age‐associated hypothalamic inflammation is reduced in males but not in females at 12 months of age by ACA and 17αE2 and at 22 months of age in NDGA‐treated mice. The three drugs blocked indices of hypothalamic reactive gliosis associated with aging, such as Iba‐1‐positive microglia and GFAP‐positive astrocytes, as well as age‐associated overproduction of TNF‐α. This effect was not observed in drug‐treated female mice or in the hippocampus of the drug‐treated animals. On the other hand, caloric restriction (CR; an intervention that extends the lifespan in both sexes) significantly reduced hypothalamic microglia and TNF‐α in both sexes at 12 months of age. Together, these results suggest that the extent of drug‐induced changes in hypothalamic inflammatory processes is sexually dimorphic in a pattern that parallels the effects of these agents on mouse longevity and that mimics the changes seen, in both sexes, of long‐lived nutrient restricted or mutant mice.