Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Renal Transplant Recipients

oxygenation can be affected by changes in either shunt, V/Q scatter, or both. Increased shunt fraction results in a downward shift of this relationship, and an increase in scatter of V/Q ratios moves the relationship to the right. One or both of these mechanisms, rather than simple hypoventilation, can reduce arterial oxygen saturation, even when overall alveolar ventilation is little affected. We suggest that one convincing primary mechanism of impaired oxygenation is airway closure, caused by a decrease in lung volume 6 since the time course resembles that of the change in lung volume seen in very similar conditions. 3 This is supported by the tendency for the effect to occur more often during laparoscopy, where lung volume will be already reduced. Both increased shunting and increased V/Q scatter could result. As lung volume decreases, narrowing of airways in dependent lung regions will generate additional low V/Q units. In addition, transient decreases in ventilation at low lung volume can also result in hypoxaemia, 7 although the mechanism is likely to be similar, because a decrease in overall ventilation would have a greater proportionate effect in those lung units that already have a low V/Q ratio. It is also possible that if complete airway closure occurs, ventilation may cease in part of the lung, and if perfusion continues , then a shunt-like effect would result. The clinical importance of reduced lung volume and impaired oxygenation of this minor degree is not clear. One could argue that airway closure followed by possible alveolar collapse is potentially harmful. However, when alveolar nitrogen concentrations are maintained above 30%, alveolar collapse is unlikely, and short-term airway closure may not be harmful in day-surgery patients. Only if there were a clear clinical concern that these effects were harmful, would further research be justified, for example, by a randomized comparison. In addition, formal randomized studies of such patients are almost impossible given the current degree of regulation of research in the UK. Nevertheless, we have been able to confirm the previous observations of Smith and colleagues, 1 and offer an explanation for their findings. Omitting fentanyl reduces nausea and vomiting, without increasing pain, after sevoflurane for day surgery. 4 Nunn JF. Factors influencing the arterial oxygen tension during halothane anaesthesia with spontaneous respiration. Discriminating between the effect of shunt and reduced V A /Q on arterial oxygen saturation is particularly useful in clinical practice. Editor—Renal transplant recipients …
Toward augmenting everything: Detecting and tracking geometrical features on planar objects

This paper presents an approach for detecting and tracking various types of planar objects with geometrical features. We combine traditional keypoint detectors with Locally Likely Arrangement Hashing (LLAH) [21] for geometrical feature based keypoint matching. Because the stability of keypoint extraction affects the accuracy of the keypoint matching, we set the criteria of keypoint selection on keypoint response and the distance between keypoints. In order to produce robustness to scale changes, we build a non-uniform image pyramid according to keypoint distribution at each scale. In the experiments, we evaluate the applicability of traditional keypoint detectors with LLAH for the detection. We also compare our approach with SURF and finally demonstrate that it is possible to detect and track different types of textures including colorful pictures, binary fiducial markers and handwritings.
Adaptive blind equalization in impulsive noise environments

In some communication systems the transmitted signal is contaminated by impulsive noise with a non-Gaussian distribution. Non-Gaussian noise caused significant performance degradation to communication receivers. The new constant modulus blind equalizer based on fractional lower-order statistics of the equalizer input, referred to as FLOS_CMA, is able to mitigate impulsive channel noise while restoring the constant modulus character of the transmitted communication signal. However, like the constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the steady-state mean square error of the FLOS_CMA algorithm may not be sufficiently low for the system to obtain adequate performance. This paper proposes a concurrent equalizer, in which a decision-directed Least Mean p Norm (DD_LMP) equalizer operates cooperatively with a FLOS_CMA equalizer, controlled through a nonlinear link. Simulation results using M-QAM signaling have shown that the concurrent FLOS_CMA and DD_LMP blind equalizer achieves a dramatic improvement in equalization performance over the FLOS_CMA approach.
Islamic Psychotherapy Approach In Managing Adolescent Hysteria InMalaysia

Hysteria which occurs among school adolescents in Malaysia causes adverse effects on social and psychological development of adolescents. This scenario is worrying because such occurrences also interfere with the teaching and learning process. Islamic psychotherapy has its own methods in dealing with hysteria to overcome adolescent psychological and spiritual problems. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine associated factors hysteria among adolescents and the Islamic psychotherapy approach as an early intervention process to prevent this hysteria phenomenon form occurring in schools. This research is in the form of a survey study using questionnaire as research instrument. A total of 122 school teenagers in Selangor, Malaysia are selected as respondents in this study based on hysteria experienced. Research results find that the main factor causing hysteria among adolescents is the psychological factor and the method of managing hysteria is the religious approach. On the whole, this study finds that early prevention may be implemented using Islamic psychotherapy method through the process of tazkiyah al-nafs (spiritual purification ) and riyadah al-nafs (spiritual exercise).
Simultaneous Multikernel: Fine-Grained Sharing of GPUs

Studies show that non-graphics programs can be less optimized for the GPU hardware, leading to significant resource under-utilization. Sharing the GPU among multiple programs can effectively improve utilization, which is particularly attractive to systems (e.g., cloud computing) where many applications require access to the GPU. However, current GPUs lack proper architecture features to support sharing. Initial attempts are very preliminary in that they either provide only static sharing, which requires recompilation or code transformation, or they do not effectively improve GPU resource utilization. We propose Simultaneous Multikernel (SMK), a fine-grained dynamic sharing mechanism, that fully utilizes resources within a streaming multiprocessor by exploiting heterogeneity of different kernels. We extend the GPU hardware to support SMK, and propose several resource allocation strategies to improve system throughput while maintaining fairness. Our evaluation of 45 shared workloads shows that SMK improves GPU throughput by 34 percent over non-shared execution and 10 percent over a state-of-the-art design.
Pulmonary Impairment in Tuberculosis Survivors: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2012

Objectives Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can affect lung function, but studies regarding long-term follow-up in patients with no sequelae on chest X-ray (CXR) have not been performed. We evaluated lung functional impairment and persistent respiratory symptoms in those with prior pulmonary TB and those with prior pulmonary TB with no residual sequelae on CXR, and determined risk factors for airflow obstruction. Methods We used data from adults aged ≥ 40 years from the annual Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 2008 and 2012. P values for comparisons were adjusted for age, sex, and smoking status. Results In total of 14,967 adults, 822 subjects (5.5%) had diagnosed and treated pulmonary TB (mean 29.0 years ago). The FVC% (84.9 vs. 92.6), FEV1% (83.4 vs. 92.4), and FEV1/FVC% (73.4 vs. 77.9) were significantly decreased in subjects with prior pulmonary TB compared to those without (p < 0.001, each). In 12,885 subjects with no sequalae on CXR, those with prior pulmonary TB (296, 2.3%) had significantly lower FEV1% (90.9 vs. 93.4, p = 0.001) and FEV1/FVC% (76.6 vs. 78.4, p < 0.001) than those without. Subjects with prior pulmonary TB as well as subjects with no sequalae on CXR were more likely to experience cough and physical activity limitations due to pulmonary symptoms than those without prior pulmonary TB (p < 0.001, each). In total subjects, prior pulmonary TB (OR, 2.314; 95% CI, 1.922–2.785), along with age, male, asthma, and smoking mount was risk factor for airflow obstruction. In subjects with prior pulmonary tuberculosis, inactive TB lesion on chest x-ray (OR, 2.300; 95% CI, 1.606–3.294) were risk factors of airflow obstruction. Conclusion In addition to subjects with inactive TB lesion on CXR, subjects with no sequelae on CXR can show impaired pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms. Prior TB is a risk factor for airflow obstruction and that the risk is more important when they have inactive lesions on chest X-ray. Hence, the patients with treated TB should need to have regular follow-up of lung function and stop smoking for early detection and prevention of the chronic airway disease.
Anxiety, Social Support and Quality of Life after Abortion

Abortion represents a complex biological and psychological event. It is considered one of the crises women can have. Objective: Identify anxiety, social support and quality of life for pregnant women after previous abortion. Setting: The study was conducted at the antenatal clinic of El-Shatby Maternity University Hospital. Subjects: The study comprised 80 pregnant women with history of abortion. Tools: four tools were utilized for data collection; a socio-demographic and obstetric data sheet, multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, trait anxiety inventory structured interview schedule (TAI), and World Health Organization quality of life scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: The results of this study revealed that about two third of the studied subjects (61.30%) were in the age group range from 30 to less than 40 years, the social support was perceived strong by two third of studied women (66.3%). Fourteen percent of the women had mild level of anxiety, 62.5% of them had moderate quality of life while 15% had poor quality of life. There is a negative statistical significant correlation between social support and women’s anxiety level, and a positive statistical significant correlation was found between social support and quality of life. The women with one year lapse after last abortion received more support than women with less than one year lapse. Conclusion: In conclusion, social support, level of anxiety and quality of life are correlated and mothers psychological support during a pregnancy after abortion. Recommendations: Counseling for these women to enhance their mental health beside physical care at this critical stage in their life.
Smoothing by Example: Mesh Denoising by Averaging with Similarity-Based Weights

In this paper, we propose a new and powerful shape de-noising technique for processing surfaces approximated by triangle meshes and soups. Our approach is inspired by recent non-local image denoising schemes and naturally extends bilateral mesh smoothing methods. The main idea behind the approach is very simple. A new position of vertex P of a noisy mesh is obtained as a weighted mean of mesh vertices Q with nonlinear weights reflecting a similarity between local neighborhoods of P and Q. We demonstrate that our technique outperforms recent state-of-the-art smoothing methods. We also suggest a new scheme for comparing different mesh/soup denoising methods
A genomic resource for the sedentary semi-endoparasitic reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Oliveira

Abstract The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is a sedentary semi-endoparasitic species that is pathogenic on many row crops, fruits, and vegetables. Here, the authors present a draft genome assembly of R. reniformis using small- and large-insert libraries sequenced on the Illumina GAIIx and MiSeq platforms.
Recent improvements of the ProDom database of protein domain families

The ProDom database contains protein domain families generated from the SWISS-PROT database by automated sequence comparisons. The current version was built with a new improved procedure based on recursive PSI-BLAST homology searches. ProDom can be searched on the World Wide Web to study domain arrangements within either known families or new proteins, with the help of a user-friendly graphical interface (http://www.toulouse.inra.fr/prodom.html). Recent improvements to the ProDom server include: ProDom queries under the SRS Sequence Retrieval System; links to the PredictProtein server; phylogenetic trees and condensed multiple alignments for a better representation of large domain families, with zooming in and out capabilities. In addition, a similar server was set up to display the outcome of whole genome domain analysis as applied to 17 completed microbial genomes (http://www.toulouse.inra.fr/prodomCG.html ).
Relative Validity and Reproducibility of a Food-Frequency Questionnaire for Estimating Food Intakes among Flemish Preschoolers

The aims of this study were to assess the relative validity and reproducibility of a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) applied in a large region-wide survey among 2.5–6.5 year-old children for estimating food group intakes. Parents/guardians were used as a proxy. Estimated diet records (3d) were used as reference method and reproducibility was measured by repeated FFQ administrations five weeks apart. In total 650 children were included in the validity analyses and 124 in the reproducibility analyses. Comparing median FFQ1 to FFQ2 intakes, almost all evaluated food groups showed median differences within a range of ± 15%. However, for median vegetables, fruit and cheese intake, FFQ1 was > 20% higher than FFQ2. For most foods a moderate correlation (0.5–0.7) was obtained between FFQ1 and FFQ2. For cheese, sugared drinks and fruit juice intakes correlations were even > 0.7. For median differences between the 3d EDR and the FFQ, six food groups (potatoes & grains; vegetables Fruit; cheese; meat, game, poultry and fish; and sugared drinks) gave a difference > 20%. The largest corrected correlations (>0.6) were found for the intake of potatoes and grains, fruit, milk products, cheese, sugared drinks, and fruit juice, while the lowest correlations (<0.4) for bread and meat products. The proportion of subjects classified within one quartile (in the same/adjacent category) by FFQ and EDR ranged from 67% (for meat products) to 88% (for fruit juice). Extreme misclassification into the opposite quartiles was for all food groups < 10%. The results indicate that our newly developed FFQ gives reproducible estimates of food group intake. Overall, moderate levels of relative validity were observed for estimates of food group intake.
Exploring how gender figures the identity trajectories of two doctoral students in observational astrophysics

[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Astronomy Education Research. ] This paper presents the cases of two doctoral students in observational astrophysics whose circumstances and experiences led them on a career trajectory out of academic research. In this article, I employ a sociocultural lens that provides insight into the dynamics of students’ experiences in astrophysics, which can in turn enrich our understandings of the lack of women in physics. I documented ethnographically two doctoral students’ experiences in a physics department at a large research university in Canada. In turn, I employed an analytic framework of figured worlds, cultural models, and identity trajectories to understand the challenges these two doctoral students faced. I use data drawn from observational field notes, interviews, and participants’ photo-narrative journals to explore the dominant cultural models of astrophysicist that were reproduced in their doctoral program. The analysis shows cultural models for recognizable astrophysicists in this doctoral program often did not fit neatly with these students’ experiences, and at times interfered with their trajectories into astrophysics careers. Additionally, results indicate that a prevailing discourse of gender neutrality and the rejection of normative femininity in astrophysics both afforded and constrained participants’ opportunities for recognition as insiders to astrophysics. However, the two participants repositioned themselves on alternative trajectories into physics teaching outside of academia, which had positive consequences for their astrophysicist identities. This study provides insights into the experiences of doctoral astrophysics that figure students’ insider or outsider identities, and the role that gender plays in the shaping of those identity and career trajectories.
Genetic algorithm with different feature selection techniques for anomaly detectors generation

Intrusion detection systems have been around for quite some time, to protect systems from inside ad outside threats. Researchers and scientists are concerned on how to enhance the intrusion detection performance, to be able to deal with real-time attacks and detect them fast from quick response. One way to improve performance is to use minimal number of features to define a model in a way that it can be used to accurately discriminate normal from anomalous behaviour. Many feature selection techniques are out there to reduce feature sets or extract new features out of them. In this paper, we propose an anomaly detectors generation approach using genetic algorithm in conjunction with several features selection techniques, including principle components analysis, sequential floating, and correlation-based feature selection. A Genetic algorithm was applied with deterministic crowding niching technique, to generate a set of detectors from a single run. The results show that sequential-floating techniques with the genetic algorithm have the best results, compared to others tested, especially the sequential floating forward selection with detection accuracy 92.86% on the train set and 85.38% on the test set.
Using HTML5 to prevent detection of drive-by-download web malware

The Web is experiencing an explosive growth in the last years. New technologies are introduced at a very fast pace with the aim of narrowing the gap between web-based applications and traditional desktop applications. The results are web applications that look and feel almost like desktop applications while retaining the advantages of being originated from the Web. However, these advancements come at a price. The same technologies used to build responsive, pleasant, and fully featured web applications can also be used to write web malware able to escape detection systems. In this article, we present new obfuscation techniques, on the basis of some of the features of the upcoming HTML5 standard, which can be used to deceive malware detection systems. The proposed techniques have been experimented on a reference set of obfuscated malware. Our results show that the malware rewritten using our obfuscation techniques goes undetected while being analyzed by a large number of detection systems. The same detection systems were able to correctly identify the same malware in its original unobfuscated form. We also provide some hints about how the existing malware detection systems can be modified in order to cope with these new techniques. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The study of the TWT nonlinear parameters test system

This paper mainly describes an automatic test system which is used to measure the performance and parameters of the TWT. The operating frequency of this system is 2GHz-18GHz, and its maximum power is 400W. This system consists of hardware test system and test software. The characteristic of the hardware part is the use of a switch matrix composed of microwave switches, which can automatically switch between different test functions and complete the input signal processing; the characteristic of the software is calculating the real data of TWT's parameters based on the internal attenuation data.
Adaptive backtracking scheme for iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithms

Iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithms (ISTAs) have recently been proposed to solve linear inverse problems arising in signal and image processing. The convergence rate of ISTAs relies on a scalar known as step size, which is unknown and expensive to compute in practice especially for large-scale problems. Usually a backtracking rule is employed to choose an appropriate step size which guarantees the convergence condition and speed up ISTAs at the same time. In this paper, we propose a new method to compute the step size exactly. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Structural Analysis in the Collaborative Research Network -- The Empirices of Chinese Meteorology Researchers

The study examines the collaboration structure in Chinese meteorology research over the last 10 years in order to develop a deeper understanding of the process by which Chinese meteorologists communicate with international colleagues. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is applied to explore the patterns of co-authorship and to identify those active internationally-recognized researchers connecting groups. Both national and international collaborations were studied and a qualitative method was adopted taking the individual researcher as the focus of analysis. The result highlights those core scientists and we can draw a conclusion that authors show a tendency to collaborate preferentially with individuals in their institution or in limited regions.
Test Case Generation for Critical Systems through a Collaborative Web-Based Tool

Tests play a major role in validating software. In particular, the role becomes more important when considering critical software such as for space applications as is the case in the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) in Brazil. Such software uses finite state machines (FSM) in order to model the software specification from which test sequences are generated for a black box test approach. As the software for space applications is considered as a complex system with several components (usually in parallel), test designers seem to look for other alternatives instead of modeling via FSM. This paper addresses an experience in the modeling issue in using Statecharts to represent the specification of space application software from which test sequences can be generated. Moreover, it also describes a web-based tool in order to facilitate software testing, from models specified in Statecharts, in a distributed environment.