Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lineage Selection of Functional and Cryopreservable Human Embryonic Stem Cell‐Derived Neurons

A major prerequisite for the biomedical application of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) is the derivation of defined and homogeneous somatic cell types. Here we present a human doublecortin (DCX) promoter‐based lineage‐selection strategy for the generation of purified hESC‐derived immature neurons. After transfection of hESC‐derived neural precursors with a DCX‐enhanced green fluorescent protein construct, fluorescence‐activated cell sorting enables the enrichment of immature human neurons at purities of up to 95%. Selected neurons undergo functional maturation and are able to establish synaptic connections. Considering that the applicability of purified hESC‐derived neurons would largely benefit from an efficient cryopreservation technique, we set out to devise defined freezing conditions involving caspase inhibition, which yield post‐thaw recovery rates of up to 83%. Combined with our lineage‐selection procedure this cryopreservation technique enables the generation of human neurons in a ready‐to‐use format for a large variety of biomedical applications.
Switching brain serotonin with oxytocin

Significance Serotonin (5-HT) and oxytocin (OXT) are two neuromodulators involved in human affect and sociality and in disorders like depression and autism. Here we show that these chemical messengers interact in areas of the human brain important for the regulation of emotion-based behavior. By highlighting the role of OXT in the regulation of 5-HT signaling, our findings can lead to novel therapeutic strategies for mental disorders such as social anxiety, depression, and autism. Serotonin (5-HT) and oxytocin (OXT) are two neuromodulators involved in human affect and sociality and in disorders like depression and autism. We asked whether these chemical messengers interact in the regulation of emotion-based behavior by administering OXT or placebo to 24 healthy subjects and mapping cerebral 5-HT system by using 2′-methoxyphenyl-(N-2′-pyridinyl)-p-[18F]fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine ([18F]MPPF), an antagonist of 5-HT1A receptors. OXT increased [18F]MPPF nondisplaceable binding potential (BPND) in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), the core area of 5-HT synthesis, and in the amygdala/hippocampal complex, insula, and orbitofrontal cortex. Importantly, the amygdala appears central in the regulation of 5-HT by OXT: [18F]MPPF BPND changes in the DRN correlated with changes in right amygdala, which were in turn correlated with changes in hippocampus, insula, subgenual, and orbitofrontal cortex, a circuit implicated in the control of stress, mood, and social behaviors. OXT administration is known to inhibit amygdala activity and results in a decrease of anxiety, whereas high amygdala activity and 5-HT dysregulation have been associated with increased anxiety. The present study reveals a previously unidentified form of interaction between these two systems in the human brain, i.e., the role of OXT in the inhibitory regulation of 5-HT signaling, which could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for mental disorders.
A novel genital human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV type 74, found in immunosuppressed patients

The genome of a novel human papillomavirus (HPV) type, HPV74, was cloned from an iatrogenically immunosuppressed woman with persisting low-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. HPV74 was found to be phylogenetically related to the low-risk HPV types 6, 11, 44, and 55. HPV74 or a variant of this type was found in specimens from three additional immunosuppressed women but not in about 3,000 anogenital specimens from immunocompetent patients.
A Virtual Human Agent for Training Novice Therapist Clinical Interviewing Skills

Virtual Reality (VR) is rapidly evolving into a pragmatically usable technology for mental health (MH) applications. Over the last five years, the technology for creating virtual humans (VHs) has evolved to the point where they are no longer regarded as simple background characters, but rather can serve a functional interactional role. Our current project involves the construction of a natural language-capable virtual client named “Justin,” which derived from a military negotiation training tool into a virtual therapy patient for training novice clinicians the art of clinical interviewing with a resistant client. Justin portrays a 16-year old male with a conduct disorder who is being forced to participate in therapy by his family. The system uses a sophisticated natural language interface that allows novice clinicians to practice asking interview questions in an effort to create a positive therapeutic alliance with this very challenging virtual client. Herein we proffer a description of our iterative design process and outline our long term vision.
Adaptive Stroud Stochastic Collocation Method for Flow in Random Porous Media via Karhunen-Loeve Expansion

In this paper we develop a Stochastic Collocation Method (SCM) for flow in randomly heterogeneous porous media. At first, the Karhunen-Loeve expansion is taken to decompose the log transformed hydraulic conductivity field, which leads to a stochastic PDE that only depends on a finite number of i.i. d. Gaussian random vari- ables. Based on the eigenvalue decay property and a rough error estimate of Stroud cubature in SCM, we propose to subdivide the leading dimensions in the integration space for random variables to increase the accuracy. We refer to this approach as adap- tive Stroud SCM. One- and two-dimensional steady-state single phase flow examples are simulated with the new method, and comparisons are made with other stochastic methods, namely, the Monte Carlo method, the tensor product SCM, and the quasi- Monte Carlo SCM. The results indicate that the adaptive Stroud SCM is more efficient and the statistical moments of the hydraulic head can be more accurately estimated.
Mapping Method of SCORM Content Aggregation Model for E-learning Content Design

SCORM(Sharable Content Object Reference Model) is a reference model for Web-based e-learning content design. This study analyzes SCORM content aggregation model for the purpose of reuse and sharing of e-learning contents and proposes a mapping method modeling XML data using a UML diagram. For this, a rule of mapping as a class diagram by classifying the constituent factors of SCORM content aggregation model into content package, manifest, metadata, content aggregation, organizations and resources. Also, the validity of the proposed method is to be verified analyzing and designing SCORM content aggregation model with reverse engineering based on the proposed method.
Exposure to Ideology and Distributional Preferences ∗

We study the impact of exposure to ideology on distributional preferences in the context of modified Dictator Games that vary the price of giving. We exploiting a natural experiment in education — random assignment to first-term instructors at the Yale Law School — in order to distinguish the self-selection into a discipline from the learning that education in this discipline provides. We find that subjects exposed to instructors that stress traditional economic ideas display a greater emphasis on efficiency (increasing total payoffs) relative to those exposed to instructors that stress ideas from the humanities, who emphasize equity (reducing differences in payoffs). Subjects exposed to economics instructors also display greater levels of indexical ∗We are grateful to Christine Jolls, Dan Kahan, Benjamin Polak, Ariel Rubinstein, Alan Schwartz, and William Zame for helpful discussions. This paper has also benefited from suggestions by the participants of seminars at Boston University, Northwestern, UC Berkeley, University of Chicago, and University of Pennsylvania. For financial support, Fisman thanks the Columbia University Graduate School of Business; Kariv acknowledges UC Berkeley (COR grant); Markovits thanks Yale Law School and the Oscar M. Reubhausen Fund, which financed the experiments reported in this paper. †Graduate School of Business, Columbia University, Uris 823, New York, NY 10027 (E-mail: rf250@columbia.edu, URL: http://www-1.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/rfisman/). ‡Department of Economics, University of California, Berkeley, 508-1 Evans Hall # 3880, Berkeley, CA 94720 (E-mail: kariv@berkeley.edu, URL: http://emlab.berkeley.edu/~kariv/). §Yale Law School, P.O. Box 208215, New Haven, CT 06520 (E-mail: daniel.markovits@yale.edu, URL: http://www.law.yale.edu/faculty/DMarkovits.htm).
Discovery of Consistent QTLs of Wheat Spike-Related Traits under Nitrogen Treatment at Different Development Stages

Spike-related traits such as spike length (Sl), fertile spikelet number (Fsn), sterile spikelet number (Ssn), grain number per spike (Gns), and thousand-kernel weight (Tkw) are important factors influencing wheat yield. However, reliably stable markers that can be used for molecular breeding in different environments have not yet been identified. In this study, a double haploid (DH) population was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of five spike-related traits under four different nitrogen (N) supply dates in two locations and years. Seventy additive QTLs with phenotypic variation ranging from 4.12 to 34.74% and 10 major epistatic QTLs were identified. Eight important chromosomal regions on five chromosomes (1B, 2B, 2D, 5D, and 6A) were found. Sixteen stable QTLs were detected for which N application had little effect. Among those stable QTLs, QSl.sdau-2D-1, and QSl.sdau-2D-2, with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) of 10.4 and 24.2%, respectively, were flanked by markers Xwmc112 and Xcfd53 in the same order. The QTLs QSsn.sdau-2B-1, QFsn.sdau-2B-1, and QGns.sdau-2B, with PVE ranging from 4.37 to 28.43%, collocated in the Xwmc179-Xbarc373 marker interval. The consistent kernel wheat QTL (QTkw.sdau-6A) on the long arm of chromosome 6A, flanked by SSR markers Xbarc1055 and Xwmc553, showed PVE of 5.87–15.18%. Among these stable QTLs, the two flanking markers Xwmc112 and Xcfd53 have been validated using different varieties and populations for selecting Sl. Therefore, these results will be of great value for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs and will accelerate the understanding of the genetic relationships among spike-related traits at the molecular level.
Accent Is Predictable (If You're a Mind-Reader)

In her ordering rule added to the stress assignments in Chomsky & Halle 1968, Bresnan 1971 accounts for examples offered by Newman 1946, in particular the types George has plans to leave. George has plans to l6ave. Helen left directions for George to follow. Helen left directions for George to f6llow. She is of course persuaded, as was Newman, that explanations of these accentual phenomena are to be found in the syntax, and dismisses as 'only apparent counterexamples' the contrary evidence set forth in Bolinger 1958, though admitting that 'a very few of Bolinger's examples-mostly idiomatic, e.g. money to btirn-remain unexplained' (263, fn. 3). As they were originally illustrations of an explanation at variance with Bresnan's, this statement should read 'unexplained in terms of the Nuclear Stress Rule (as modified)'. In other words, they remain valid counterexamples. My position was-and is-that the location of sentence accents is not explainable by syntax or morphology. (That of stress is so explainable, and we see here perpetuated a classic confusion of levels.) I have held, with Hultz6n 1956, that what item 'has relatively stronger stress [accent] in the larger intonational pattern is a matter of information, not of structure' (199). It is true that the examples I gave included a number of idioms, but the 'few' others represent prolific types, which I did not feel needed further demonstration. That was my error, which I want to remedy now. Along the way I hope to deal with the newer syntactic and morphological arguments brought forth in Bresnan 1972 (B72), Lakoff 1972 (L), and Berman & Szamosi 1972 (B&S). The last-named are closest to my position, but even they attach an importance to syntax that I think is unnecessary. Following are examples in which the Nuclear Stress Rule (NSR) as modified ought to eliminate the accent on the final verb, but either does not or need not. They are matched with others where the rule operates successfully. The point of the comparison is the nature of the verbs as lexical items: The end of the chapter is reserved for various pr6blems to comptterize. The end of the chapter is reserved for various pr6blems to solve. I have a p6int to emphasize. I have a p6int to make. I can't finish in an hour-there are simply too many t6pics to elucidate.
Transferring Knowledge from Text to Predict Disease Onset

In many domains such as medicine, training data is in short supply. In such cases, external knowledge is often helpful in building predictive models. We propose a novel method to incorporate publicly available domain expertise to build accurate models. Specifically, we use word2vec models trained on a domain-specific corpus to estimate the relevance of each feature's text description to the prediction problem. We use these relevance estimates to rescale the features, causing more important features to experience weaker regularization. We apply our method to predict the onset of five chronic diseases in the next five years in two genders and two age groups. Our rescaling approach improves the accuracy of the model, particularly when there are few positive examples. Furthermore, our method selects 60% fewer features, easing interpretation by physicians. Our method is applicable to other domains where feature and outcome descriptions are available.
Diffuse light and building history of the galaxy cluster Abell 2667

We have searched for diffuse intracluster light in the galaxy cluster Abell 2667 (z=0.233) from HST images in three filters. We have applied to these images an iterative multi-scale wavelet analysis and reconstruction technique, which allows to subtract stars and galaxies from the original images. We detect a zone of diffuse emission south west of the cluster center (DS1), and a second faint object (ComDif), within DS1. Another diffuse source (DS2) may be detected, at lower confidence level, north east of the center. These sources of diffuse light contribute to 10-15% of the total visible light in the cluster. Whether they are independent entities or are part of the very elliptical external envelope of the central galaxy remains unclear. VLT VIMOS integral field spectroscopy reveals a faint continuum at the positions of DS1 and ComDif but do not allow to compute a redshift. A hierarchical substructure detection method reveals the presence of several galaxy pairs and groups defining a similar direction as the one drawn by the DS1-central galaxy-DS2 axis. The analysis of archive XMM-Newton and Chandra observations shows X-ray emission elongated in the same direction. The X-ray temperature map shows the presence of a cool core, a broad cool zone stretching from north to south and hotter regions towards the north east, south west and north west. This possibly suggests shock fronts along these directions produced by infalling material. These various data are consistent with a picture in which diffuse sources are concentrations of tidal debris and harassed matter expelled from infalling galaxies by tidal stripping and undergoing an accretion process onto the central cluster galaxy; as such, they are expected to be found along the main infall directions.
A fully neural-network-based planning scheme for torque minimization of redundant manipulators

The aim of this paper is to develop a new method for minimizing joint torques of redundant manipulators in the Chebyshev sense and to present a fully neural-network-based computational scheme for its implementation. Minimax techniques are used to determine the null space acceleration vector which can guarantee to minimize the maximum joint torque. For real-time implementation, we transform the proposed method into a computation of a recurrent neural network. At each time step, the neural network is adopted for both the solution of the least-norm joint acceleration and the determination of the optimum null space acceleration vector. Compared with previous torque minimization schemes, the proposed method enables more direct monitoring and control of the magnitudes of the individual joint torques than does the minimization of the sum of squares of the components. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for the torque minimization control of redundant manipulators.
Community-based study on elderly CKD subjects and the associated risk factors

Abstract Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) among community elderly population in Shanghai, China, in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment of CKD, and improve the quality of life for elderly people. Methods: In all, 24,886 residents (≥65 years old) were selected from community population in Changning District of Shanghai, China in 2014. They were interviewed and tested for reduced renal function estimated GFR by CKD-EPI equation. The associations among demographic characteristics, healthy characteristics (e.g., cardiovascular disease and hypertension), and indicators of kidney damage were examined. Results: Approximately, 16.4% of the participants were CKD. The average of them was 74.9 ± 7.0 years old. Females had a significantly higher prevalence of CKD than males (17.6% vs. 14.9%). CKD patients were present in higher prevalence of female, hyperuricemia (29.6% vs. 18.7%), hypertension (45.1% vs. 40.3%), and cardiovascular disease (23.2% vs. 18.7%) than that of non-CKD population. CKD patients were present in lower prevalence of drinking than that of non-CKD population. The prevalence of CKD in female is 2.002 times than that of male. The prevalence of CKD increased 1.048 times with the age of each increase in 1 year old. The risk factors for CKD are age, female, hyperuricemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and smoking. Conclusions: The prevalence of CKD is high in the elderly population than that of adult CKD in Shanghai. The most risk factors for elderly CKD patients are similar to the adult population. But hypercholesterolemia as a risk fact of elderly CKD is different from adult CKD.
Free-Space Detection with Self-Supervised and Online Trained Fully Convolutional Networks

Recently, vision-based Advanced Driver Assist Systems have gained broad interest. In this work, we investigate free-space detection, for which we propose to employ a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN). We show that this FCN can be trained in a self-supervised manner and achieve similar results compared to training on manually annotated data, thereby reducing the need for large manually annotated training sets. To this end, our self-supervised training relies on a stereo-vision disparity system, to automatically generate (weak) training labels for the color-based FCN. Additionally, our self-supervised training facilitates online training of the FCN instead of offline. Consequently, given that the applied FCN is relatively small, the free-space analysis becomes highly adaptive to any traffic scene that the vehicle encounters. We have validated our algorithm using publicly available data and on a new challenging benchmark dataset that is released with this paper. Experiments show that the online training boosts performance with 5% when compared to offline training, both for Fmax and AP.
Bilateral control with different inertia based on modal decomposition

A bilateral control robot is one of the master-slave teleoperation robots. Consider two robots, a master robot is manipulated by human operators and a slave robot contacts remote environment. Decoupling of a force control and a position control in bilateral control is realized using the mode transformation i.e. a force controller in the common mode and a position controller in the differential mode. In conventional method, high transparency in a bilateral control is obtained when the inertia of the master and slave robots are equal. However, high transparency is not achieved when the inertia of the master and slave robots is different. Additionally, transparency goes down in the case of the bilateral control with scaling. Since the common mode and the differential mode interfere when the inertia and scaling of the master robot slave robots are different. In this paper, modal space disturbance observer (MSDOB) is proposed to solve these interferential problems. MSDOB is disturbance observer in the modal space and is implemented in each mode. MSDOB eliminates these interferences and modeling error in the modal space. In the results, decoupling of the force control and the position control is realized. Therefore, high transparency is achieved even if the inertia and the scaling of the master and slave robots are different. From the simulation and experimental results, the validity of the proposed method was confirmed.
Automating Open Bisimulation Checking for the Spi Calculus

We consider the problem of automating open bisimulation checking for the spi calculus, an extension of the pi-calculus with cryptographic primitives. The notion of open bisimulation considered here is indexed by a (symbolic) environment, represented as bi-traces (i.e., pairs of symbolic traces), which encode the history of interaction between the intruder with the processes being checked for bisimilarity. A crucial part of the definition of this open bisimulation, that is, the notion of consistency of bi-traces, involves infinite quantification over a certain notion of “respectful substitutions”. We show that one needs only to check a finite number of respectful substitutions in order to check bi-trace consistency. Our decision procedure uses techniques that have been well developed in the area of symbolic trace analysis for security protocols. More specifically, we make use of techniques for symbolic trace refinement, which transform a symbolic trace into a finite set of symbolic traces in a certain “solved form”. Crucially, we show that refinements of a projection of a bitrace can be uniquely extended to refinements of the bi-trace, and that consistency of all instances of the original bi-trace can be reduced to consistency of its finite set of refinements. We then give a sound and complete procedure for deciding open bisimilarity for finite spi processes.
Lexical Chains for Question Answering

The paper presents a method for finding topically related words on an extended WordNet. By exploiting the information in the WordNet glosses, the connectivity between the synsets is dramatically increased. Topical relations expressed as lexical chains on extended WordNet improve the performance of a question answering system by increasing the document retrieval recall and by providing the much needed axioms that link question keywords with answers.
Adaptive hardware context-switching approach for reconfigurable systems

Nowadays, the ability of dynamic reconfigurable in FPGA architecture has gain its importance while switching on hardware modules. But for recent researches on reconfigurable architecture, most of them aim at one specific version. It's inconvenient by adding additional hardware circuits to apply on all the versions. Therefore, we propose an adaptive hardware context-switching approach for reconfigurable systems. Accompany with the general bit saving format, it suits all types of Xilinx Virtex-2, Virtex-4 and Virtex-5. Which can reduces the saving number of saved frame address and bit-index. The experimental results shown that the proposed adaptive hardware context switching method reduces 60.39% in memory space and 54.47% in instruction space.