Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Small Peptide Sequence is Sufficient for Initiating Kinesin‐1 Activation Through Part of TPR Region of KLC1

Kinesin‐1 anterogradely transports vesicles containing cargo proteins when a protein–protein interaction activates it from an inhibited state. The C‐terminal cytoplasmic region of kinesin‐1 cargo protein Alcadeinα (Alcα) interacts with the KLC1 subunit's tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) region, activating kinesin‐1's association with vesicles and anterograde transport. We found that either of two 10‐amino‐acid WD motifs in Alcα cytoplasmic region was necessary and sufficient to initiate this activation. An artificial transmembrane protein containing either WD motif induced kinesin‐1's vesicular association and anterograde transport in a KLC‐dependent manner, even in the normally inhibiting presence of excess KLC1, thus allowing us to analyze the KLC1 TPR‐WD functional interaction in detail in vivo. A part of TPR region was dispensable for the WD motifs' activation of kinesin‐1 and transport, indicating that only part of the TPR structure is required for this function in vivo. For a different kinesin‐1 cargo protein, JIP1, an 11‐amino‐acid C‐terminal region was sufficient to recruit KLC1 to vesicles, but did not activate transport. These observations suggest that structurally different TPR‐interacting peptides may have different effects on kinesin‐1. This mechanism may partly explain how kinesin‐1 can organize the transport of a wide variety of cargo molecules.
Application of Proteomics in Food Technology and Food Biotechnology: Process Development, Quality Control and Product Safety

Summary Human food is a very complex biological mixture and food processing and safety are very important and essential disciplines. Proteomics technology using different high-performance separation techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, one-dimensional and multidimensional chromatography, combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry has the power to monitor the protein composition of foods and their changes during the production process. The use of proteomics in food technology is presented, especially for characterization and standardization of raw materials, process development, detection of batch-to-batch variations and quality control of the final product. Further attention is paid to the aspects of food safety, especially regarding biological and microbial safety and the use of genetically modified foods.
Hypothermia and Surgery: Immunologic Mechanisms for Current Practice

Objective:To examine cellular and immunologic mechanisms by which intraoperative hypothermia affects surgical patients. Summary Background Data:Avoidance of perioperative hypothermia has recently become a focus of attention as an important quality performance measure, aimed at optimizing the care of surgical patients. Anesthetized surgical patients are particularly at risk for hypothermia, which has been directly linked to the development of sequelae, such as coagulopathy, infection, morbid myocardial events, and death after surgery. However, many of the underlying immunologic mechanisms remain unclear. Methods:Venous blood samples from healthy volunteers were exposed for up to 4 hours to various temperatures following the addition of a 1 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide challenge. Innate immune function, assessed by the ability of monocytes to present antigen and coordinate cytokine release, was determined by qualitative and quantitative measurements of HLA-DR surface expression 2 hours following incubation, and proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokine release in the first 4 hours. Results:Monocyte incubation at hypothermic temperatures (34°C) reduced HLA-DR surface expression, delayed TNF-α clearance, and increased IL-10 release. Conversely, hyperthermia (40°C) increased monocyte antigen presentation and resulted in rapid decay of TNF-α. However, IL-10 release was also increased. Normothermia (37°C) attenuated IL-10 release following the initial proinflammatory surge. Conclusion:Hypothermia exerts multiple effects at the cellular level, which impair innate immune function, and are associated with increased septic complications and mortality. These findings provide a physiological basis for perioperative temperature monitoring, which is a valid surgical performance measure that can be used to reduce surgical complications associated with avoidable hypothermia.
Attitudes of Pediatricians and Primary Health Center Physicians in India Concerning Routine Immunization, Barriers to Vaccination, and Missed Opportunities to Vaccinate

Background: India has some of the lowest immunization rates in the world. The objective of this study was to determine the attitudes and practices of pediatricians and physicians working in primary health centers (PHCs) regarding routine immunization and identify correlates of missed opportunities to vaccinate children. We focused on Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, which has faced some of the greatest challenges to achieving high routine immunization coverage. Methods: A sample of pediatricians from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar was selected from the national membership of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics to participate in either a phone or mail survey. For the sampling frame, the PHCs within selected blocks were enumerated to provide a list from which individuals could be randomly sampled. In all, 614 PHCs in Uttar Pradesh and 159 PHCs were selected for in-person surveys. Results: The response rate for pediatricians was 47% (238/505) and 93% for PHC physicians (719/773). The greatest barrier to vaccinating children with routine immunizations, reported by both pediatricians (95.7%) and PHC physicians (95.1%), was parents’ lack of awareness of their importance. Correlates of missing an opportunity to vaccinate for PHC physicians included holding other health care workers responsible for vaccination. PHC physicians were 50% to 70% less likely to vaccinate a child themselves if they thought another type of health care worker was responsible. Conclusions: Future interventions to increase vaccination coverage should address parental knowledge about the importance of vaccines. Understanding and addressing factors associated with missed opportunities to vaccinate may help improve vaccine coverage in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Output power smoothing of wind turbine generation system for the 2-MW permanent magnet synchronous generators

Effective utilization of renewable energies such as wind energy is expected in place of the fossil fuel. The speed of wind is not remained constant and windmill output power is proportional to the cube of wind speed. In order to wind speed deviation, the output power of wind turbine generators (WTGs) is fluctuated. To reduce the fluctuation, different methods are already proposed such as energy storage devices, electric double layer capacitors, flywheels, and so on. These methods are effective but they require a significant extra cost to the system. This paper represents a method to generate smooth output power of a large WTG by using the inertia of WTG system. The inertia behaves like an inductor in an electrical circuit. It stores energy during acceleration and releases energy during deceleration. It can be utilized to generate smooth output power of a WTG. The additional energy storage system is not required. Additionally, the proposed method can be changed into the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control method by adjusting an average time. The effectiveness of the proposed output power smoothing control is compared with MPPT control method and verified by using the MATLAB SEVIULINK environment.
Characteristics of speaking rate in the dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

The ability to alter speaking rate was studied in a group of 9 subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 9 age- and gender-matched, neurologically intact controls. Subjects were instructed to speak at three different rates (i.e., habitual, twice as fast as habitual, and one-half as fast as habitual). Speaking rate, articulation rate, and pause duration and frequency were calculated. The proportional increase in speaking rate was similar between the groups; however, the dysarthric speakers slowed rate to a smaller extent. Articulation rate and pause duration and frequency covaried with speaking rate in a similar manner for both groups. There was evidence that dysarthric speakers showed a greater dependence on pause duration and frequency, as compared to articulation rate, especially when increasing rate. In addition, although it was found that the slope of the function relating phrase duration to phrase length in syllables was statistically significant for both normal and dysarthric speakers, the slope of the function was significantly more shallow for the dysarthric speakers. Perceptual judgments of speaking rate indicated that dysarthric speakers spoke faster for a given physical speaking rate. Finally, results suggested that the function relating physical to perceived speaking rate grew more rapidly for dysarthric as compared to normal speakers. Discussion focuses on the importance of these findings to rate manipulation therapies and models of speaking rate in dysarthric speech.
Metabolic Syndrome and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events and Death

Methods We searched electronic reference databases through March 2005, studies that referenced Reaven’s seminal article, abstracts presented at meetings in 2003 to 2004, and queried experts. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility. Longitudinal studies reporting associations between MetSyn and cardiovascular events or mortality were eligible. Two reviewers independently used a standardized form to collect data from published reports. Authors were contacted. Study quality was assessed by the control of selection, detection, and attrition biases.
Study of a Permanent Shunt Across a TMR Reader With an Ultralow RA Barrier

This paper experimentally presents the permanent-shunt resistance (PSR) effect on electrostatic discharge (ESD) threshold of a MgO-based tunnel magnetoresistance reader with an ultralow resistance-area (RA) barrier. Parallel-connected permanent shunts of different values are designed for the experiment. The PSR shunt can improve the ESD threshold, but it also brings some degradations on the dynamic performance of the read signal, and a tradeoff is needed between the ESD protection and the read signal. “Barrier defect enlargement” mode was found effective to explain the ESD damage mechanism in the low RA reader, and the slope factor between normalized amplitude and normalized magnetic reader resistance is related to the PSR value strongly. Based on the RA value, PSR shunt value, and slope factor between normalized amplitude and normalized magnetic reader resistance, the RA of the defective area can be determined to be around one quarter of RA of the magnetic tunnel junction RA.
Citation: Murray, Aja Louise, Booth, Tom, McKenzie, Karen, Kuenssberg, Renate and O’Donnell, Michael (2014) Are Autistic Traits Measured Equivalently in Individuals With and Without An Autism Spectrum Disorder? An Invariance Analysis of the Autism Spectrum

It is common to administer measures of autistic traits to those without autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) with, for example, the aim of understanding autistic personality characteristics in non-autistic individuals. Little research has examined the extent to which measures of autistic traits actually measure the same traits in the same way across those with and without an ASD. We addressed this question using a multi-group confirmatory factor invariance analysis of the Autism Quotient Short Form (AQ-S: Hoekstra et al. in J Autism Dev Disord 41(5): 589–596, 2011) across those with (n = 148) and without (n = 168) ASD. Metric variance (equality of factor loadings), but not scalar invariance (equality of thresholds), held suggesting that the AQ-S measures the same latent traits in both groups, but with a bias in the manner in which trait levels are estimated. We, therefore, argue that the AQS can be used to investigate possible causes and consequences of autistic traits in both groups separately, but caution is due when combining or comparing levels of autistic traits across the two groups.
Urban modification of thunderstorms - An observational storm climatology and model case study for the Indianapolis urban region

AbstractA radar-based climatology of 91 unique summertime (May 2000–August 2009) thunderstorm cases was examined over the Indianapolis, Indiana, urban area. The study hypothesis is that urban regions alter the intensity and composition/structure of approaching thunderstorms because of land surface heterogeneity. Storm characteristics were studied over the Indianapolis region and four peripheral rural counties approximately 120 km away from the urban center. Using radar imagery, the time of event, changes in storm structure (splitting, initiation, intensification, and dissipation), synoptic setting, orientation, and motion were studied. It was found that more than 60% of storms changed structure over the Indianapolis area as compared with only 25% over the rural regions. Furthermore, daytime convection was most likely to be affected, with 71% of storms changing structure as compared with only 42% at night. Analysis of radar imagery indicated that storms split closer to the upwind urban region and merge aga.
Rule-Based Effective Collaborative Recommendation Using Unfavorable Preference

The biggest challenge in collaborative filtering recommendation system research is <italic>data sparsity</italic>; it mainly occurs as user rates very few items from widely available options. <italic>Data Imputation</italic> techniques address the data sparsity problem by filling the missing values and then predicting the likeliness of the user. Most of the existing imputation systems assign high ratings to the items or incorporate additional information to enhance the performance of collaborative filtering recommendations. This paper proposes an association rule-based imputation method (RUBLE) to improve the top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> prediction performance of the collaborative filtering recommendation. The proposed method identifies the unfavorable items of each user using the association rule mining technique and imputes them with low values. The proposed method not only addresses the sparsity problem but also provides a better quality of recommendation by eliminating the unfavorable items in top-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$ </tex-math></inline-formula> predictions. Existing collaborative methods can quickly adapt to the proposed method as it is method agnostic. The experimental results show that the proposed method enhances the accuracy of the traditional recommender methods by two times on average and significantly outperforms existing imputation based approaches.
Anatomic and visual outcomes of vitrectomy for vitreomacular traction syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To assess anatomic and visual outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy for vitreomacular traction syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Charts of 746 patients who had vitrectomy surgery with membrane peel between January 2002 and December 2007 were reviewed. Vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) was diagnosed based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) appearance. Twenty eyes of 20 patients were found to have had vitrectomy surgery for VMT and were included in the study. RESULTS Mean visual acuity was 20/122 preoperatively and 20/68 postoperatively (P = .005). Mean foveal thickness was 404.00 microm preoperatively and 250.55 microm postoperatively (P = .001). A subgroup analysis was performed based on preoperative OCT appearance. Improvement in vision was not significant in eyes with lamellar separation between the inner and outer fovea (P = .379), but was significant in eyes with cystoid macular edema (P = .045) or perifoveal traction (P = .040). CONCLUSION Overall, there was a significant improvement in visual acuity and central foveal thickness postoperatively. Eyes with lamellar separation of the inner and outer foveal layers preoperatively had worse visual results, whereas eyes with cystoid macular edema or perifoveal VMT had better visual results.
Effect of Midbrain and Pontine Tegmental Lesions on the Maximal Electroshock Seizure Pattern in Rats

Summary: A bilaterally induced mechanical lesion of the midbrain was highly effective in abolishing the hindlimb extensor (HLE) component of the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) in rats. Although these lesions produced damage to a variety of midbrain structures, correlations between different lesion placements and effects in the MES test provided evidence that damage to superior cerebellar peduncle (PCS) and/or reticular formation (RF) was responsible for inhibition of hindlimb extension. Moreover, discretely placed electrolytic lesions disrupting either the PCS or the RF were found to abolish the hindlimb extensor component of the MES test. These findings are consistent with the work of other investigators showing that total cerebellectomy abolishes the HLE component of MES and suggest that activity in the cerebellum and the midbrain reticular formation plays a major role in regulating the tonic phase of electroshock induced seizures.
Development of embroidered Sierpinski carpet antenna

This paper focuses on the design of embroidered textile antenna, where a fractal technology is used to integrate. Modern telecommunication systems require an antenna with low cost of fabrication and low profile features. This has initiated antenna research in various directions and one of them is wearable textile antenna. A wearable antenna is meant to be a part of clothing used for communication purposes. Fractal technology allowed us to design miniature antennas and integrate multiple telecommunication services into a single device. This study focuses on the investigation of embroidered Sierpinski carpet textile antenna's design using different fabrics suitable for wearable application. The substrate of this antenna is made of from two different low cost textile materials. Radiating element and ground plane are made of conductive threads. The performance of these two antennas that operated at 2.45 GHz such as return loss, bandwidth, VSWR and impedance are extensively investigated and carried out. All results have been demonstrated using simulation and measurement. From this study, it is found that both antennas from denim and felt fabrics can be used for wireless application. Besides, these antennas also still operate in bending condition. The result shows these antennas suitable for wearable application. However, the antenna that used denim textile shows the best performance compared to the antenna with felt fabrics.
Modified artificial killer whale optimization for optimal power flow

This research article presents a nature inspired meta heuristic approach to deal with optimal power flow (OPF) problem solution. The modified artificial killer whale optimization (MAKWO) algorithm is employed for optimal setting of controlling quantities of OPF. This optimization technique is inspired from hunting procedure of killer whales. The presented method has been employed on IEEE 9-bus, IEEE 14-bus and IEE 30-bus system. Simulation is carried out on MATLAB R2016a platform. The results have been juxtaposed with particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique and an old conventional technique, which recommends that the presented technique is superior and computationally efficient than other used techniques.
Changes in Total Sodium Intake Do Not Lead to Proportionate Changes in Total Sodium Removal in CAPD Patients

Background Dietary salt and fluid restriction is important in controlling fluid balance in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). However, it is often difficult to monitor patients’ dietary total sodium intake (TSI). Usually, total sodium removal (TSR), the sum of urinary sodium removal (USR) and dialysate sodium removal (DSR), is suggested to represent TSI. In the present study, we investigated the reliability of using TSR as a surrogate to TSI in CAPD patients. Methods 40 clinically stable CAPD patients were closely followed for 3 months. Their TSI, USR, DSR, and fluid status were measured twice: at baseline and at the end of this study respectively. Fluid status was evaluated by bioimpedance analysis. Patients with increased sodium intake (group ISI) or decreased sodium intake (group DSI) (both >0.5 g/day or >21.74 mmol/day elemental sodium) were included in this study. Results There were 15 patients in group ISI and 9 patients in group DSI. During the follow-up, although TSI increased in group ISI and decreased in group DSI (p < 0.05), there were no significant changes in USR, DSR, or TSR in either group. No relationship was found between TSI and TSR. Changes in weight, blood pressure, urine volume, ultra-filtration, and small solute removal (Kt/V and creatinine clearance) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Fluid status deteriorated in group ISI and improved in group DSI (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our study suggests that changes in total sodium intake do not lead to proportionate changes in total sodium removal in CAPD patients. Therefore, TSR (the sum of USR and DSR) should be used cautiously to monitor TSI in this patient population.
Psychological treatments for depression and anxiety disorders in low- and middle- income countries: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of psychological treatments for depression and anxiety disorders in low- and middle- income countries (LAMIC). METHOD Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on psychological treatment of depression and anxiety disorders in low-and middle income countries using an existing database (www.evidencebasedpsychotherapies.org), PubMed, Embase, Psychinfo, Dissertation Abstracts International and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for studies published in all languages. Additional studies were identified from reference lists of found studies. Randomized controlled trials in which a psychological intervention for anxiety or depression was compared to a control condition (care-as-usual, waiting list, placebo, or another control group) were included. The randomized controlled trials needed to be conducted in a LAMI country (classification of LAMI countries according to the World Bank's list of economies) to be eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Psychological treatments were defined as interventions in which the core element of treatment consisted of verbal communication between a therapist and a patient. RESULTS Seventeen studies met our inclusion criteria, with a total of 3,010 participants. The mean standardized difference between the treatment and control groups at post-test was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.76∼1.28) which corresponds well with the effects found in high-income countries. CONCLUSION These results indicate that psychological treatments of depression and anxiety disorders are also effective in LAMI countries, and may encourage global dissemination of these interventions.