Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Model of The Dynamic of The Relationship Between Exchange Rate and Indonesia’s Export

This study aims to investigate the effect of Rupiah/US dollar exchange rate on the volume of Indonesia’s export. It analyzes monthly data spanning from January 2001 to November 2015. An econometric model used to analyze the data is the difference equation model. Result of analysis found that in the long term the exchange rate of rupiah/US dollar affects export. This long-term influence is negative, in that each 1% increase (decrease) in rupiah/US dollar is always followed by 0.24% fall (rise) in export. Furthermore, in the short term there is an effect of the exchange rate of rupiah/US dollar on export and the effect is also negative. Indonesian government needs to conduct a policy aimed at increasing industrial outputs that can boost exports. The government also needs to implement a monetary policy to ensure that the exchange rate of rupiah remains stable.
An automatic image registration for applications in remote sensing

This paper deals with a major problem encountered in the area of remote sensing consisting of the registration of multitemporal and/or multisensor images. In general, such images have different gray-level characteristics, and simple techniques such as those based on correlation cannot be applied directly. In this work, a new automatic satellite image registration approach is proposed. This technique exploits the invariant relations between regions of a reference and a sensed image, respectively. It involves an edge-based selection of the most distinctive control points (CPs) in the reference image. The search for the corresponding CPs in the sensed image is based on local similarity detection by means of template matching according to a combined invariants-based similarity measure. The final warping of the images according to the selected CPs is performed by using the thin-plate spline interpolation. The procedure is fully automatic and computationally efficient. The proposed algorithm for this technique has been successfully applied to register multitemporal SPOT and synthetic aperture radar images from urban and agricultural areas. The experimental results demonstrate the robustness, efficiency and accuracy of the algorithm.
Parallelization of algorithms for image stitching using distributed memory architecture

The efficient use of satellite images for practical purposes depends upon the ability to combine them for the purposes of analysis. However, this process involves many computationally intensive computer vision algorithms. Assembling large images usually requires costly hardware with a large amount of memory. This paper addresses this problem by proposing a system that implements algorithms required in the process of image stitching, viz. algorithms for feature detection, feature description, feature matching, image transformation and image compositing, in parallel on a distributed memory architecture. The proposed system aims to improve the performance of the image stitching process while providing a more easily scalable system.
On-Line Intelligent Control of Submarine Periscopes

In this paper, first, the dynamic equations of a submarine periscope will be extracted and verified with real data. These data are acquired from an experimental setup. Then, using a neural network, an intelligent control method will be developed to control the periscope model. The neural network will be trained on-line to cope with the changes in the system parameters. Simulation results will be compared with off-line trained neuro controller, which reveals good performance of the controller.
Physical activity and health-related fitness in youth: a multivariate analysis.

PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between indicators of physical activity and health-related fitness in youth 9-18 yr. METHODS A cross-sectional sample of 356 boys and 284 girls 9-18 yr of age from phase I of the Quebec Family Study was studied. The sample was divided into three age groups by gender, 9-12, 13-15, and 16-18 yr of age. Physical activity variables included two estimates of activity, estimated daily energy expenditure (EE) and estimated moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and one estimate of inactivity, time spent watching television per day (TVTIME). Health-related fitness variables were the sum of six skin folds (SUM), number of sit-ups in 1 min (SITUP), physical work capacity at 150 beats x min(-1) (PWC150), and static strength of the leg (LMS). Partial canonical correlation was used to quantify the relationship between standardized (z-transformed) activity variables and health-related fitness items, controlling for age. RESULTS There is a weak to moderate association between physical activity and fitness in youth. The first activity canonical variate is a function of positive loadings for EE and MVPA, with a smaller, negative loading for TVTIME. The first fitness variate generally includes positive loadings for PWC150 and SITUP, with a small negative loading for the SUM and a small positive loading for LMS. The first canonical correlations indicate that the variance shared by the fitness and activity variates ranges from 11 to 21%. CONCLUSION There is a significant relationship between activity and health-related physical fitness, but a large part of the variability (80-90%) in fitness is not accounted for by physical activity as measured in this study.
Requirements for Histoplasmin Presentation by Accessory Cells to a Histoplasma capsulatum‐Reactive T‐Cell Line

We examined the pathways involved in presentation of native histoplasmin by adherent splenocytes (as a source of accessory cells) to JC1, a Histoplasma capsulatum‐reactive murine T‐cell line that is CD4+. JC1 did not respond to accessory cells that had been fixed with paraformaldehyde and then exposed to histoplasmin but did proliferate to antigen‐pulsed cells that were subsequently fixed. Accessory cells that were coincubated with histoplasmin and sodium azide or 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose failed to induce proliferation of JC1. Moreover, accessory cells exposed to the lysosomotropic agents, chloroquine and ammonium chloride, were unable to present antigen. Monensin also inhibited presentation of histoplasmin if added to accessory cells concomitant with antigen. In contrast, accessory cells that had been pulsed with antigen for 2 hr and then exposed to each inhibitor for 2 hr stimulated proliferation of JC1. The antigen‐presenting capacity of accessory cells that had been pulsed with histoplasmin for 2 hr was diminished considerably by subsequent treatment with phospholipase A2. Additional studies demonstrated that cerulenin, which depresses posttranslational lipid modification of proteins, abolished presentation of histoplasmin. The reactivity of JC1 was sharply reduced by anti‐L3T4 (CD4) or by anti‐l‐Ab monoclonal antibody. The results not only indicate that presentation of histoplasmin requires active metabolic events within accessory cells, they also delineate the pathways involved in handling this antigen.
Tag Routing for Efficient Blind Search in Peer-to-Peer Networks

A variety of algorithms have been developed for Blind Search (BS) over peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks, i.e., search of resources without any routing information for the exact location of the target resource. All these algorithms generate significant amount of duplicate query messages to increase the success rate. In this paper, we introduce tag routing search - a novel framework for BS over P2P overlay networks structured by Distributed Hash Tables (DHTs). A query message in this framework contains a tag that affect the selection of next hop nodes. We propose two specific algorithms: Zigzag Modified Breadth First Search with Local Indices (ZMBFS+L) and Recursive Partitioning Search (RPS). ZMBFS+L achieves high success rate with less duplications compared to other known BS algorithms. RPS, taking advantage of the DHT structure, does not generate any message duplication by design, thus is a very efficient broadcasting algorithm, and can achieve 100% success rate efficiently.
Microarray Studies on 211At Administration in BALB/c Nude Mice Indicate Systemic Effects on Transcriptional Regulation in Nonthyroid Tissues

Targeted α-therapy is a promising treatment option for various types of malignant tumors. Radiolabeled cancer-seeking agents, however, undergo degradation, resulting in a certain percentage of free radionuclide in the body. The radiohalogen 211At accumulates in various tissues, with specifically high uptake in the thyroid. When normal thyroid function is disturbed because of ionizing radiation (IR) exposure, deleterious effects can occur in tissues that depend on thyroid hormone (TH) regulation for normal physiologic function. However, knowledge of systemic effects is still rudimentary. We previously reported similarities in transcriptomic regulation between the thyroid and other tissues despite large differences in absorbed dose from 211At. Here, we present supportive evidence on systemic effects after 211At administration. Methods: Expression microarray data from the kidney cortex and medulla, liver, lungs, and spleen were used from previous studies in which mice were intravenously injected with 0.064–42 kBq of 211At and killed after 24 h or injected with 1.7 kBq of 211At and killed after 1, 6, or 168 h. Controls were mock-treated and killed after 24 h. Literature-based gene signatures were used to evaluate the relative impact from IR- or TH-induced regulation. Thyroid- and TH-associated upstream regulators as well as thyroid-related diseases and functions were generated using functional analysis software. Results: Responses in IR- or TH-associated gene signatures were tissue-specific and varied over time, and the relative impact of each gene signature differed between the investigated tissues. The liver showed a clear dominance of TH-responding genes. In the kidney cortex, kidney medulla, and lungs, the TH-associated signature was detected to at least an extent similar to the IR-associated signature. The spleen was the single tissue showing regulation of only IR-associated signature genes. Various thyroid-associated diseases and functions were inferred from the data: L-triiodothyronine, TH, TH receptor, and triiodothyronine (reverse) were inferred as upstream regulators with differences in incidence and strength of regulation depending on tissue type. Conclusion: These findings indicate that transcriptional regulation in various nonthyroid tissues was—in part—induced by thyroid (hormone)-dependent signaling. Consideration of the systemic context between tissues could contribute to normal tissue risk assessment and planning of remedial measures.
VEGF-D is expressed in activated lymphoid cells and in tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-D is a member of the VEGF family of angiogenic growth factors that activate the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR)-2 and VEGFR-3, which are mainly expressed in blood and lymphatic vessels. Here we have analyzed by using monoclonal antibodies, the expression of VEGF-D and its cognate receptor VEGFR-3 in normal and pathologic bone marrow and lymph node biopsies. This analysis revealed that VEGF-D is expressed in B cells of the germinal centers, scattered B and T blasts, myeloid progenitors, acute leukemia, several types of non Hodgkin lymphoma, and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. In normal tissues VEGFR-3 was only expressed in fenestrated capillaries of bone marrow and in lymphatic vessels of lymph nodes, while in VEGF-D expressing tumors newly formed vessels, but not malignant cells, showed high VEGFR-3 expression. These data suggest that VEGF-D could contribute to leukemia and lymphoma growth via the induction of angiogenesis in bone marrow and lymphoid tissues.
Trade-off between data retention and reset in NiO RRAMS

NiO-based resistive-switching memory (RRAM) is a promising new technology for high-density non-volatile storage. The main obstacles to practical application in nonvolatile memories are the variability of program/erase voltages, the large and hardly scalable programming current and the cell reliability. We have investigated data retention in RRAM samples with NiO as active switching material. Temperature-accelerated bake experiments show that data retention limited by oxidation of the conductive filament (CF) obey an Arrhenius law, while the retention time decreases for decreasing size of the CF. The results are interpreted by a physical model for CF dissolution in an oxidizing environment, which can be applied to both data retention extrapolation at long times and low temperatures, and the reset operation in the ns/ms regime. The model is verified with experimental data, and the tradeoff between data retention and reset current is finally discussed.
Meeting Students’ Expectations in an Arab ICLHE/EMI Context: Implications for ELT Education Policy and Practice

Students’ expectations have seldom received any attention in English Language Teaching (ELT) education research in the Arab World in general and in Integrated Content and Language in Higher Education (ICLHE)/English Medium Instruction (EMI) English for Academic Purposes (EAP) in particular, despite their importance for policy and practice. This mixed-method study investigates the expectations of 50 students attending an ICLHE/EMI EAP course at College of Law, Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) in the Sultanate of Oman. The results have shown that the students had course materials and content and course pedagogy and design implementation expectations. The results have further revealed that the teacher played a key role in meeting his students’ expectations through his effective teaching. The findings have important implications for ICLHE/EMI policy implementation in other similar local, regional and global contexts.
Juggling Doctor and Patient Needs in Mental Health Record Design

Providing patients access to mental health records is a controversial topic that gains growing attention in research and practice. While it has great potential in increasing the patient engagement, skepticism is prevailing among therapists who fear detrimental effects and face a lack of feasibility when treatment notes are handwritten. We aim at empowering both therapists to new documentation approaches and patients to higher engagement, and develop the collaborative documentation system Tele-Board MED (TBM) as an adjunct to talk-based mental health interventions. We present an evaluation of TBM by comparing four prototypes and testing scenarios, reaching from early simulations to attempts of real-life implementations in clinical routines. This paper delivers a systematic need comparison of therapists as primary users and patients as secondary users, both during and beyond treatment sessions. While patient feedback is thoroughly positive, the therapist needs are only partially addressed; the benefits remain hidden behind the perceived effort.
F1-Adenosine Triphosphatase Displays Properties Characteristic of an Antigen Presentation Molecule for Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells

Human Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes are activated by phosphoantigens provided exogenously or produced by tumors and infected cells. Activation requires a contact between Vγ9Vδ2 cells and neighboring cells. We previously reported a role for cell surface F1-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in T cell activation by tumors and specific interactions between Vγ9Vδ2 TCRs and purified F1-ATPase. 721.221 cells do not express surface F1-ATPase and do not support phosphoantigen responses unless they are rendered apoptotic by high doses of zoledronate, a treatment that promotes F1-expression as well as endogenous phosphoantigen production. By monitoring calcium flux in single cells, we show in this study that contact of T cells with F1-ATPase on polystyrene beads can partially replace the cell-cell contact stimulus during phosphoantigen responses. Triphosphoric acid 1-adenosin-5′-yl ester 3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl) ester, an adenylated derivative of isopentenyl pyrophosphate, can stably bind to F1-ATPase–coated beads and promotes TCR aggregation, lymphokine secretion, and activation of the cytolytic process provided that nucleotide pyrophosphatase activity is present. It also acts as an allosteric activator of F1-ATPase. In the absence of Vγ9Vδ2 cells, triphosphoric acid 1-adenosin-5′-yl ester 3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl) ester immobilized on F1-ATPase is protected from nucleotide pyrophosphatase activity, as is the antigenic activity of stimulatory target cells. Our experiments support the notion that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are dedicated to the recognition of phosphoantigens on cell membranes in the form of nucleotide derivatives that can bind to F1-ATPase acting as a presentation molecule.
Parallel and cascaded deep neural networks for text-to-speech synthesis

An investigation of cascaded and parallel deep neural networks for speech synthesis is conducted. In these systems, suprasegmental linguistic features (syllable-level and above) are processed separately from segmental features (phone-level and below). The suprasegmental component of the networks learns compact distributed representations of high-level linguistic units without any segmental influence. These representations are then integrated into a frame-level system using a cascaded or a parallel approach. In the cascaded network, suprasegmental representations are used as input to the framelevel network. In the parallel network, segmental and suprasegmental features are processed separately and concatenated at a later stage. These experiments are conducted with a standard set of high-dimensional linguistic features as well as a hand-pruned one. It is observed that hierarchical systems are consistently preferred over the baseline feedforward systems. Similarly, parallel networks are preferred over cascaded networks.
The human scavenger receptor class B type I is a novel candidate receptor for the hepatitis C virus

We discovered that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein E2 binds to human hepatoma cell lines independently of the previously proposed HCV receptor CD81. Comparative binding studies using recombinant E2 from the most prevalent 1a and 1b genotypes revealed that E2 recognition by hepatoma cells is independent from the viral isolate, while E2–CD81 interaction is isolate specific. Binding of soluble E2 to human hepatoma cells was impaired by deletion of the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1), but the wild‐type phenotype was recovered by introducing a compensatory mutation reported previously to rescue infectivity of an HVR1‐deleted HCV infectious clone. We have identified the receptor responsible for E2 binding to human hepatic cells as the human scavenger receptor class B type I (SR‐BI). E2–SR‐BI interaction is very selective since neither mouse SR‐BI nor the closely related human scavenger receptor CD36, were able to bind E2. Finally, E2 recognition by SR‐BI was competed out in an isolate‐specific manner both on the hepatoma cell line and on the human SR‐BI‐transfected cell line by an anti‐HVR1 monoclonal antibody.
Right ventricular imaging by two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography

Purpose of review The assessment of ventricular systolic performance is one of the most critical roles of echocardiography, often impacting the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. Recent findings Historically, the echocardiographic assessment of diseases affecting the right ventricle has lagged behind that of the left ventricle, despite knowledge demonstrating that diseases affecting the right heart have been shown to have the same clinical consequences as those affecting the left heart. Summary This up-to-date review of right ventricular imaging by two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography will emphasize the clinical situations for which assessment of right ventricular systolic function is particularly important, and review the systematic assessment of right ventricular regional wall motion in terms of coronary anatomy. Technical and scanning tips designed to optimize the visualization of the right heart with echocardiography with case examples will be presented. Qualitative and quantitative two-dimensional methods for assessing right heart function that are both well established and evolving will be summarized and the case for considering more routine use of ultrasound contrast agents to enhance right ventricular endocardial border definition will be made. The current state of three-dimensional imaging of the right ventricle will be highlighted along with the challenges for making this powerful tool more widespread.
Physical activity of subjects aged 50–64 years involved in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Abstract Objective: To describe physical activity of participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Design: A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a European prospective cohort study. Subjects: This analysis was restricted to participants in the age group 50–64 years, which was represented in all EPIC centres. It involved 236 386 participants from 25 centres in nine countries. In each EPIC centre, physical activity was assessed by standardised and validated questions. Frequency distribution of type of professional activity and participation in non-professional activities, and age-adjusted means, medians and percentiles of time dedicated to non-professional activities are presented for men and women from each centre. Results: Professional activity was most frequently classified as sedentary or standing in all centres. There was a wide variation regarding participation in different types of non-professional activities and time dedicated to these activities across EPIC centres. Over 80% of all EPIC participants engaged in walking, while less than 50% of the subjects participated in sport. Total time dedicated to recreational activities was highest among the Dutch participants and lowest among men from Malmö (Sweden) and women from Naples (Italy). In all centres, total time dedicated to recreational activity in the summer was higher than in the winter. Women from southern Europe spent the most time on housekeeping. Conclusions: There is a considerable variation of physical activity across EPIC centres. This variation was especially evident for recreational activities in both men and women.
The Role of Credit Unions in Rural Communities in Canada

Many cooperatives in rural areas of Canada had their beginnings in agriculture and in serving farmers and farming communities. They developed to market products, access inputs, process outputs, and to provide mutual insurance services and cooperative banking services. Over time, other players performing similar functions have left as agricultural communities have experienced population losses, while many cooperatives remain. The cooperatives provide access to services crucial for small businesses, producers, and households in rural areas, as well as representing access to networks within and beyond the community. This paper investigates whether a positive impact of the presence of credit unions in rural communities can be discerned in the community’s ability to retain and attract population. Our quantitative results do not support the hypothesis of a positive influence, although limited results of a qualitative case study suggest that credit unions perform a different function in rural communities than commercial banks.