Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
E cient leave-one-out cross-validation of kernel Fisher discriminant classi ' ers

Mika et al. (in: Neural Network for Signal Processing, Vol. IX, IEEE Press, New York, 1999; pp. 41–48) apply the “kernel trick” to obtain a non-linear variant of Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis method, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance on a range of benchmark data sets. We show that leave-one-out cross-validation of kernel Fisher discriminant classi'ers can be implemented with a computational complexity of only O(‘) operations rather than the O(‘) of a na@Ave implementation, where ‘ is the number of training patterns. Leave-one-out cross-validation then becomes an attractive means of model selection in large-scale applications of kernel Fisher discriminant analysis, being signi'cantly faster than conventional k-fold cross-validation procedures commonly used. 2003 Pattern Recognition Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Probabilistic small signal stability analysis considering wind energy

Since there are several sources of uncertainty in electric power systems, the probabilistic analyses are essential in power system studies. On the other hand, the penetration of renewable energies in power system affects the power system stability especially dynamic stability. So, in this paper, a new method based on Two- Point Estimation has been presented for probabilistic small signal stability analysis in power system containing wind energy. The probabilistic nature of wind speed has been modeled by Weibull distribution and bus loads have been assumed to vary randomly. The New England 39 bus system has been tested to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The Monte-Carlo simulation method has been used as a benchmark for the validity of the results.
DNA sequence and analysis of the virulence plasmid and of five dditional plasmids carried by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O 26 : H 11 train H 30

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains belonging to serogroup O26 have been associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. In addition to chromosomal virulence genes, STEC strains usually harbor a large plasmid that carries genes associated with pathogenicity. The complete nucleotide sequence and genetic organization of 6 plasmids carried by STEC O26:H11 strain H30 were determined. The large virulence plasmid (pO26-Vir) was approximately 168 kb in size and contained 196 open reading frames (ORFs). pO26-Vir possesses a mosaic structure and shows similarity to the virulence plasmids in locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE)-negative STEC O113:H21 EH41 (pO113), in E. coli clinical strain C1096 (pSERB1), and in E. coli O157:H7 RIMD 0509952 (pO157). Plasmid pO26-Vir shares several highly conserved regions with pO157 and carries important virulence genes, including toxB, katP, espP, and the hly gene cluster. In addition, pO26-Vir possesses genes encoding for type IV pili (pilL-V). The second largest plasmid, pO26-L (73 kb) contains 101 ORFs. pO26-L carries the tetracycline resistance gene and has regions that show similarity to the E. coli conjugative resistance plasmid NR1. The third largest plasmid, pO26-S4 (5.8 kb), is homologous to the ColE2 colicinogenic plasmid that encodes for colicin E2. The remaining 3 plasmids, pO26-S1 (1.5 kb), pO26-S2 (3.1 kb), and pO26-S3 (4.2 kb), carry very little genetic information except for putative proteins involved in plasmid replication and DNA maintenance. The data presented underscore the diversity among the STEC virulence plasmids and provide insights into the evolution of these plasmids in STEC strains that cause serious human illness.
Assessment of the Role of Religious Tendency in Domestic Violence

The present study assessed relationships between religiosity and the perpetration of violence by husbands and wives toward one another in an Iranian context. 180 Iranian couples living in Iran were administered the Islamic Religious Tendency and Domestic Violence questionnaires. Patterns of relationship between aspects of religious tendency and expressed violence were similar in men and women. There was a negative correlation between Religiosity, Religious Valuation, and self-reported Domestic Violence of husbands and wives. Religious Disorganization was positively correlated with expressed Domestic Violence of husbands and wives. Finally, the results of a regression analysis revealed that only Religiosity and Religious Disorganization predicted self-reported Domestic Violence of husbands and wives.
Continuous proactivity in Learning Management Systems

Three studies, conducted on graduate level, show findings that students with highly proactive behavior are more likely to succeed in a Learning Management System (LMS) environment. Statistical analysis techniques were used in the studies. In the second study the concept of continuous proactivity was introduced to observe if a study-group was more likely to succeed in the lesson compared to a control-group, and in the third study, proactivity was applied to the entire class. This paper reports the results of the second and third studies and introduces the concept of “continuous proactive learning strategies” to frame the future development of proactive rules in LMS.
Raising Citizen-Government Communication With Business Process Models

This chapter draws out the challenge of how to provide information to citizens with respect to organizational business processes, particularly public service processes. The aim is to discuss the issues concerning organizations' disclosure to citizens, particularly in describing how services are performed in these organizations. It relies on the idea that an urgent step to improve citizen participation in public matters, especially in public service delivery, is to provide citizens with ways to understand how and why internal processes must be conducted. The chapter reports on how business process models can be used for organizational communication and describes proposals to extend this communication to external actors. The conclusion presents remarks on challenges and future work.
A one-step route to a perfectly ordered wafer-scale microbowl array for size-dependent superhydrophobicity.

A superhydrophobic surface results from an increase in surface roughness. Generally, regular rough surfaces have been fabricated. These not only exhibit remarkable superhydrophobic behavior, but also are very useful for quantitative studies of the equilibrium configurations of droplets on rough substrates. However, most of this research has been focused on structures of similar types, that is, those with socalled posts or pillars. The main reason for this focus is the difficulties related to fabrication (for example, the need for complicated processes and expensive materials). These drawbacks restrict the development of a perfectly ordered rough surface and associated hydrophobic properties. Although an antifogging surface of arrayed micro-hemispheres has been fabricated, the procedure is complex. Here, we introduce an easy, inexpensive, high-throughput, and scalable one-step microlithography, without the introduction of a nanostructure, that can be used in combination with microstructures to make hydrophobic surfaces. The proposed structure was composed of a wafer-scale, perfectly ordered, microbowl array. The surface was precisely designed with specific dimensions and then the hydrophobic behavior depending on these dimensions was investigated analytically and modeled. The apparent contact angle, qapp, was dependent on the ratio of diameter to height (2d/h) in the microbowl. This paper also suggests how a highly superhydrophobic surface should be designed to avoid a transition between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity. In the longer term, the microbowl-arrayed surface may lead to new important applications for many industrial processes, such as in high-speed submarines, ships, and aircraft, as well as antifog materials for eye glasses, swimming goggles, or antifog glass for the windshield of cars, and so on. The fabrication process of a photoresist microbowl array with three-dimensional diffuser lithography [18,19] that used randomized ultraviolet (UV) light is schematically shown in Figure 1. For further details about the fabrication process,
System reliability evaluation considering parameter variations of a single-phase inverter with integrated active power decoupling

Electrolytic Capacitor (E-cap) is one of the lifetime bottlenecks in power electronic converters. In the last two decades, various active power decoupling circuits have been proposed to improve the reliability of the DC link by eliminating the DC-link E-caps. However, additional active devices could change the stresses of the existing converters, whether the system reliability is improving or not is still an open question. This paper investigates the reliability of the single-phase H-bridge inverter with active power decoupling circuit. The parameter variations in IGBT lifetime model are considered. The Weibull distribution of the key components is obtained from Monte Carlo analysis, and the reliability of the whole system is estimated by the system Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) method. As a case study, 2 kW single-phase H-bridge inverter with passive E-caps and active power decoupling circuits are presented. It is shown that the active power decoupling method is applied to H bridge inverter, and the lifetime of decoupling capacitor can be improved significantly, but it has different effects on system reliability in different applications. In addition, the difference on system reliability of fixed parameter and parameter variations is shown in conclusions.
An Analysis of Hospital Accreditation Policy in Iran

Background: Public policymaking is complex and lacks research evidences, particularly in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This policy analysis aims to generate insights about the process of hospital accreditation policy making in Iran, to identify factors influencing policymaking and to evaluate utilization of evidence in policy making process. Methods: The study examined the policymaking process using Walt and Gilson framework. A qualitative research design was employed. Thirty key informant interviews with policymakers and stakeholders were conducted. In addition hundred and five related documents were reviewed. Data was analyzed using framework analysis. Results: The accreditation program was a decision made at Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran. Many healthcare stakeholders were involved and evidence from leading countries was used to guide policy development. Poor hospital managers’ commitment, lack of physicians’ involvement and inadequate resources were the main barriers in policy implementation. Furthermore, there were too many accreditations standards and criteria, surveyors were not well-trained, had little motivation for their work and there was low consistency among them. Conclusion: This study highlighted the complex nature of policymaking cycle and highlighted various factors influencing policy development, implementation and evaluation. An effective accreditation program requires a robust well-governed accreditation body, various stakeholders’ involvement, sufficient resources and sustainable funds, enough human resources, hospital managers’ commitment, and technical assistance to hospitals.
Analysis of SINR loss for waveform design of known-target in signal-dependent interference

Assuming the target impulse response to be known or to be a stochastic process with some PSD (Power Spectrum Density) is a basic assumption in most of the recently proposed waveform design algorithms. However, it is well-known that target impulse response is not easily and accurately obtained; besides it changes sharply with the attitude angle, both of which complicate the waveform design process. In this paper, SINR loss is analyzed which takes into account the uncertainty of the target impulse response. Results show that SINR loss fluctuates slightly with the error variance of the target impulse response which illustrates the robustness of the waveform design algorithm, as well as the fact that SINR loss is great if signal energy is small under same uncertainty of target impulse response which inspires us the necessity of optimizing waveforms under small energy constraint. Results are meaningful for waveform design methods.
Nonlinear pattern formation of Faraday waves

A cascade of surface wave patterns with increasing rotational symmetry ranging from simple square to tenfold quasiperiodic is observed for Faraday waves. The experiment concerns the excitation of subharmonic standing surface waves by oscillating vertical acceleration. Our observation agrees with the prediction of a recent theory. By presenting these predictions in a dimensionless form, we illustrate the genericity of this phenomenon and emphasize the very favorable agreement with experiment.
Bipartite Inhibition of Drosophila Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor by the Extracellular and Transmembrane Domains of Kekkon1

In Drosophila, signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is required for a diverse array of developmental decisions. Essential to these decisions is the precise regulation of the receptor's activity by both stimulatory and inhibitory molecules. To better understand the regulation of EGFR activity we investigated inhibition of EGFR by the transmembrane protein Kekkon1 (Kek1). Kek1 encodes a molecule containing leucine-rich repeats (LRR) and an immunoglobulin (Ig) domain and is the founding member of the Drosophila Kekkon family. Here we demonstrate with a series of Kek1-Kek2 chimeras that while the LRRs suffice for EGFR binding, inhibition in vivo requires the Kek1 juxta/transmembrane region. We demonstrate directly, and using a series of Kek1-EGFR chimeras, that Kek1 is not a phosphorylation substrate for the receptor in vivo. In addition, we show that EGFR inhibition is unique to Kek1 among Kek family members and that this function is not ligand or tissue specific. Finally, we have identified a unique class of EGFR alleles that specifically disrupt Kek1 binding and inhibition, but preserve receptor activation. Interestingly, these alleles map to domain V of the Drosophila EGFR, a region absent from the vertebrate receptors. Together, our results support a model in which the LRRs of Kek1 in conjunction with its juxta/transmembrane region direct association and inhibition of the Drosophila EGFR through interactions with receptor domain V.
Subjective social status and health behaviors among African Americans.

OBJECTIVES To examine associations of the US and community subjective social status (SSS) ladders with smoking status, at-risk drinking, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, and body mass index among 1467 church-going African American adults from a larger cohort study. METHODS Regression analyses, adjusted for sociodemographics, examined associations between SSS ladders and health behaviors. RESULTS The SSS-US ladder was significantly associated with fruit and vegetable consumption (p = .007) and physical activity (p = .005). The SSS-community ladder was not significantly associated with any health behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Among this sample of African Americans, the SSS-US ladder is more predictive of some health behaviors than is the SSS-community ladder.
Production Workflow: Concepts and Techniques

1. Introduction. Business Processes. Business Processes as Enterprise Resource. Virtual Enterprises. Processes and Workflows. Dimensions of Workflow. User Support. Categories of Workflows. Application Structure. Workflow and Objects. Application Operating System. Software Stack. Document/Image Processing. Groupware and Workflow. Different Views of Applications. Transactional Workflow. Advanced Usage. System Requirements. Relation to Other Technologies. 2. Business Engineering. Business Modeling. Business Logic. Enterprise Structure. Information Technology Infrastructure. Business Modeling Example. Business Process Reengineering. Process Discovery. Process Optimization. Process Analysis. Business Engineering and Workflow. Monitoring. 3. Workflow Management System Basics. Main Components. Types of Users. Buildtime. Metamodel Overview. Runtime. Audit Trail. Process Management. Authorization. Application Programming Interface. System Structure. Workflow Standards. 4. Metamodel. The Notion of a Metamodel. Process Data. Activities. Control Flow. Data Flow. Summary: PM-Graphs. Navigation. Summary: G-Instances. 5. Advanced Functions. Events. Dynamic Modification of Workflows. Advanced Join Conditions. Container Materialization. Object Staging. Context Management. Performance Spheres. Compile Spheres. 6. Workflows and Objects. Component-based Software Construction. Scripts in Object-Oriented Analysis and Design. The Object Request Broker. The OMG Workflow Management Facility. 7. Workflows and Transactions. Basic Transaction Concepts. Advanced Transaction Concepts. Streams. Atomic Spheres. Compensation Spheres. Phoenix Behavior. 8. Advanced Usage. Monitoring Dynamic Integrity Rules. Software Distribution. Security Management. Business-Process-Oriented Systems Management. 9. Application Topologies. Dependent Applications. Client/Server Structures. TP Monitors. Communication Paradigms. Message Monitors. Message Broker. Object Brokers. Distributed Applications. Web Applications. Workflow-based Applications. 10. Architecture and System Structure. Architectural Principles. System Structure. Servers. Client. Program Execution. System Group. Domains. System Tuning. Workload Management. Systems Management. Exploiting Parallel Databases. Server Implementation Aspects. Navigation. Message Queuing Usage. Process Compiler. 11. Development of Workflow-based Applications. Development Environment Blueprint. Component Generation. Testing. Animation. Debugging Activity Implementations. Application Database Design. Application Tuning. Optimization. A Travel Reservation Example. B List of Symbols. Bibliography. Index.
Comparison of Brain Tumor Contrast-enhancement on T1-CUBE and 3D-SPGR Images.

PURPOSE T1-Cube (GE HealthCare) is a relatively new 3-dimensional (3D) fast spin-echo (FSE)-based magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence that uses a variable flip angle to acquire gap-free volume scans. We compared the gadolinium enhancement characteristics of a heterogeneous population of brain tumors imaged by T1-Cube and then 3D fast spoiled gradient recall acquisition in steady state (3D FSPGR) 3-tesla MR imaging to identify the superior modality for specific diagnostic purposes. METHODS We examined 61 lesions from 32 patients using the 2 sequences after administration of gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA; 0.1 mmol/kg). Two neuroradiologists independently measured each lesion twice using a region-of-interest (ROI) method. We measured the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the difference in signal intensity (SI) between the tumor and normal white matter relative to the standard deviation (SD) of the SI within the lesion, for both post-contrast 3D FSPGR and post-contrast T1-Cube images of the same tumor and compared modality-specific CNRs for all tumors and in subgroups defined by tumor size, enhancement ratio, and histopathology. RESULTS The mean CNR was significantly higher on T1-Cube images than 3D FSPGR images for the total tumor population (1.85 ± 0.97 versus 1.12 ± 1.05, P < 0.01) and the histologic types, i.e., metastasis (P < 0.01) and lymphoma (P < 0.05). The difference in CNR was even larger for smaller tumors in the metastatic group (4.95 to 23.5 mm(2)) (P < 0.01). In contrast, mean CNRs did not differ between modalities for high grade glioma and meningioma. CONCLUSIONS Gadolinium enhancement of brain tumors was generally higher when imaged by T1-Cube than 3D FSPGR, and T1-Cube with Gd enhancement may be superior to 3D FSPGR for detecting smaller metastatic tumors.
Occupational Safety and Health Management System Implementation Metrics: Results of a Survey of Manufacturing Companies in a Small Island Developing State

: Occupational safety and health (OSH) emerged as a field of practice in the 1800s, as workplace safety challenges became exacerbated during the Industrial Revolution. Following a series of United Kingdom Factory Acts starting in the 1800s, the United Kingdom and the United States developed OSH legislation in the 1970s, mandating OSH management system (OSHMS) development within factory operations. In Trinidad and Tobago, a small island developing state (SIDS) in the Caribbean region, a diversification thrust is currently challenging the manufacturing sector to produce faster and in greater quantities, despite resource constraints like human resource availability and capacity. Increased OSH-related risks and costs in manufacturing are likely, making OSHMS development more critical. Although T&T’s OSH legislation was proclaimed in 2004, few statistics about manufacturers’ OSH compliance have been published to date. This study therefore investigated the extent of OSHMS implementation in T&T manufacturing companies in alignment with the country’s OSH Act. A survey was developed and validated for gathering self-reports on implementation of 22 OSHMS elements in companies across 6 manufacturing sub-sectors. Demographic data and general opinions about OSH were also sought. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were used to assess OSH perceptions and practices, element implementation, and element inter-relationships. The study found that 9 elements were well-implemented and 13 were under-implemented. Notably, some of the under-implemented elements (e.g. risk assessments, safeguarding, and accident reporting and investigation) were OSH Act mandates. Correlations were also found between certain elements (namely employee participation, top management commitment, dedicated safety practitioner, and continual improvement focus) that influence OSHMS development. Implications of the findings and prospects for the way forward are also discussed.
Characterization of a model of dietary-induced hypertriglyceridemia in young, nonobese rats.

Healthy, nonobese, young rats developed hypertriglyceridemia (mean triglyceride levels of 250 mg/dl) following consumption of a sucrose-lard diet. The hypertriglyceridemia was apparent three days after start of the diet and persisted throughout the 4-week experimental period. Body weight, liver weight, and serum glucose levels were similar in animals eating either the sucrose-lard diet or standard rat chow. On the other hand, serum free fatty acid levels were slightly increased and serum insulin levels were substantially increased in animals eating the sucrose-lard diet. Determination of very low density lipoprotein turnover revealed that total triglyceride secretion in rats eating the sucrose-lard diet was significantly (P < 0.01) increased over that of rats eating standard chow. Direct measurement of hepatic and intestinal very low density lipoprotein secretion indicated that the observed rise in total triglyceride secretion was secondary to increased secretion of very low density lipoproteins by the liver. Finally, lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose tissue from rats eating the sucrose-lard diet was equal to, or greater than (depending upon sampling time), the activity of the enzyme from adipose tissue of rats eating the control diet. These data indicate that young, nonobese, rats develop hypertriglyceridemia when they ingest a sucrose-lard diet, and that the rise in plasma triglyceride levels results from an increase in hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion. The dietary-induced hypertriglyceridemia is associated with elevated serum insulin levels, and, as such, may provide a useful animal model to use in studies aimed at defining the pathogenesis of endogenous hypertriglyceridemia in man. -Reaven, G. M. , T. R. Risser, Y-D. I. Chen, and E. P. Reaven. Characterization of a model of dietary-induced hypertriglyceridemia in young, nonobese rats.