Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paternal, Perceived Maternal, and Youth Risk Factors as Predictors of Youth Stage of Substance Use

Abstract This longitudinal study examined paternal, perceived maternal, and youth risk factors at Time 1 (T1) (e.g., substance use, violent victimization, parental rules) as predictors of the stage of substance use in the adolescent child at Time 2 (T2). Participants (N = 296) consisted of drug-abusing fathers and one of their adolescent children, aged 12 to 20 years. Fathers and youths were each administered structured interviews separately and in private. Adolescents were re-interviewed approximately one year later. Pearson correlation analyses showed that the paternal, perceived maternal, and youth risk factors were significantly related to adolescent stage of substance use at T2. With an increase in risk factors, there was an increase in T2 stage of substance use in the child. Findings imply that father-oriented treatment programs should focus on how paternal behaviors, such as illegal drug use, inadequate parenting skills, and a poor father-child relationship contribute to youth problem behaviors, including alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use.
Curcumin potentiates the potent antitumor activity of ACNU against glioblastoma by suppressing the PI3K/AKT and NF-κB/COX-2 signaling pathways

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive and challenging primary tumor of the central nervous system (CNS), and currently available treatments provide limited benefits to patients with this disease. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic targets and effective treatment strategies is essential. Nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) is widely used as the standard chemotherapeutic agent and is frequently administered together with other chemotherapeutic agents in clinical studies. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, could potentially be combined with chemotherapeutics for cancer treatment; however, there are no reports of studies where ACNU and curcumin were combined for GBM treatment, and the mechanisms underlying their activity remain poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of combined treatment with curcumin and ACNU on GBM cells and found that it significantly enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. In addition, co-treatment with curcumin increased ACNU-induced apoptosis through enhancing the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol. Further, curcumin and ACNU acted synergistically in their antitumor effects by targeting N-cadherin/MMP2/9, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB/COX-2 signaling. These results indicate that curcumin can enhance the anti-proliferation, anti-migration, and proapoptotic activities of ACNU against GBM, and provide strong evidence that combined treatment with curcumin and ACNU has the potential to be an effective therapeutic option for GBM.
Full/Half-Duplex Relay Selection for Cooperative NOMA Networks

This paper investigates the impact of relay selection (RS) on the performance of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), where relays are capable of working in either full- duplex (FD) or half-duplex (HD) mode. The locations of relays considered in the networks are modeled using stochastic geometry. The single-stage relay selection (SRS) scheme is proposed. In order to characterize the performance of SRS scheme, new closed-form expressions for both exact and asymptotic outage probabilities are derived. Based on the analytical results, the diversity orders achieved by the SRS scheme for FD/HD cooperative NOMA are obtained. It is confirmed that the FD-based SRS schemes obtain a zero diversity order, while the HD-based RS is capable of achieving a diversity order of $K$. Simulation results show that the outage performance of FD-based RS scheme outperforms HD-based RS scheme in the low signal-to-noise radio (SNR) region rather than in the high SNR region.
Design of a Sliding Window over Asynchronous Event Streams

The proliferation of sensing and monitoring applications motivates adoption of the event stream model of computation. Though sliding windows are widely used to facilitate effective event stream processing, it is greatly challenged when the event sources are distributed and asynchronous. To address this challenge, we first show that the snapshots of the asynchronous event streams within the sliding window form a convex distributive lattice (denoted by Lat-Win). Then we propose an algorithm to maintain Lat-Win at runtime. The Lat-Win maintenance algorithm is implemented and evaluated on the open-source context-aware middleware we developed. The evaluation results first show the necessity of adopting sliding windows over asynchronous event streams. Then they show the performance of detecting specified predicates within Lat-Win, even when faced with dynamic changes in the computing environment.
Emotional Intelligence and Job Performance: The Importance of Emotion Regulation and Emotional Labor Context

CANNUniversity of SydneyCherniss (2010) described three issuesthat need to be addressed en route toconsidering emotional intelligence (EI) auseful construct for personnel psychol-ogy: (a) empirical evidence that EI pre-dicts job performance, (b) distinguishingbetween models of EI and models ofemotional and social competence (ESC),and (c) some unresolved EI measurementproblems.A recentmeta-analysis(Joseph N MacCann R Orchard et al., 2009). In this commentary, we focus particu-larly on two key concepts we believe arenecessary to understand the relationship
Information Decomposition in Bivariate Systems: Theory and Application to Cardiorespiratory Dynamics

Abstract: In the framework of information dynamics, the temporal evolution of coupled systems can be studied by decomposing the predictive information about an assigned target system into amounts quantifying the information stored inside the system and the information transferred to it. While information storage and transfer are computed through the known self-entropy (SE) and transfer entropy (TE), an alternative decomposition evidences the so-called cross entropy (CE) and conditional SE (cSE), quantifying the cross information and internal information of the target system, respectively. This study presents a thorough evaluation of SE, TE, CE and cSE as quantities related to the causal statistical structure of coupled dynamic processes. First, we investigate the theoretical properties of these measures, providing the conditions for their existence and assessing the meaning of the information theoretic quantity that each of them reflects. Then, we present an approach for the exact computation of information dynamics based on the linear Gaussian approximation, and exploit this approach to characterize the behavior of SE, TE, CE and cSE in benchmark systems with known dynamics. Finally, we exploit these measures to study cardiorespiratory dynamics measured from healthy subjects during head-up tilt and paced breathing protocols. Our main result is that the combined evaluation of the measures of information dynamics allows to infer the causal effects associated with the observed
High-throughput sketch update on a low-power stream processor

Sketch algorithms are widely used for many networking applications, such as identifying frequent items, top-k flows, and traffic anomalies. This paper explores the implementation of the Count-Min sketch update using Indexed SRF accesses on a SIMD stream processor (Imagine). Both the sketch data structure and the packet stream are modeled as streams, and in-lane accesses to the stream register file (SRF) support concurrent updates without explicit synchronization. The 500-MHz stream processor is capable of supporting sketch update at 10 Gbps throughput for minimum- sized IP packets. This is nearly the same performance as the 1.4-GHz Intel IXP2800 (13 Gbps), using significantly less power (2.89 W vs. 21 W).
PERCEPTUAL EXPERIENCE AND TEMPORAL TWO STAGES IN FLASH SUPPRESSION FOR CONTOUR RIVALRY

The aim of this study was to determine if flash suppression for contour rivalry consisted of two subsequent stages that might be influenced by the observer's perceptual experience. Participant exposure to primes involved either simultaneous delivery of a grating among orthogonal gratings to both eyes (binocular priming) or to one eye alone (monocular priming) for 1 s. Interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 0-2000 ms followed the prime, with rival target gratings then simultaneously presented to both eyes for 10-200 ms. When a stimulus-offset asynchrony (SOFFA) of 50 ms, observers dominantly perceived the unprimed target. With this selective effect, interocular transfer was noted for the monocular priming. When brief targets (10 ms) were employed, two temporal stages with less individuality were detected. When longer targets (200 ms) were used during the monocular priming, the experienced observers were better at preserving the visibility as compared to the naive observers.
Statistical Power Analysis and Reliability of Measurement

Abstract Reliability of measurement as a determinant of the power of significance tests is investigated using concepts from statistical power analysis and from test and measurement theory. Results of specific power calculations based on measures of effect size together with particular reliability coefficients are presented in the form of tables. The importance of assumptions about true variance, error variance, and observed variance in determining the relation between reliability and power is emphasized, and a formula relating power and test length, analogous to the Spearman-Brown formula in test theory, is derived.
Audio-Indexing For Broadcast News

In this paper we describe the IBM Audio-Indexing System which is a combination of a large vocabulary speech recognizer and a text-based information retrieval system. Our speech recognizer was used to produce the baseline transcripts for the NIST SDR97 evaluation. We report the performance of the system on the SDR-97 \known item retrieval" task and on a more pertinent TREC-style Audio-Indexing
High genetic diversity in French invasive populations of common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, as a result of multiple sources of introduction

Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an aggressive North American annual weed, found particularly in sunflower and corn fields. Besides its economic impact on crop yield, it represents a major health problem because of its strongly allergenic pollen. Ragweed was imported inadvertently to Europe in the 18th century and has become invasive in several countries, notably in the Rhône Valley of France. It has recently expanded in both the Provence‐Alpes‐Côte‐d’Azur and Bourgogne regions. As first steps towards understanding the causes and mechanisms of ragweed invasion, genetic variability of French and North American populations was analysed using microsatellites. Overall genetic variability was similar in North America and in the Rhône‐Alpes region, but within‐population levels of genetic variability were surprisingly lower in native than in invasive French populations. French populations also exhibited lower among‐population differentiation. A significant pattern of isolation by distance was detected among North American populations but not among French populations. Assignment tests and distribution of rare alleles did not point to a single origin for all French populations, nor for all individuals within populations and private alleles from different North American populations were found in the same French populations. Indeed, within all French populations, individual plants were roughly equally assigned to the different North American populations. Altogether, these results suggest that the French invasive populations include plants from a mixture of sources. Reduced diversity in populations distant from the original area of introduction indicated that ragweed range expansion probably occurred through sequential bottlenecks from the original populations, and not from subsequent new introductions.
The Factor Structure Of Needs As Measured By The Epps

Two separate factor analyses of the EPPS were reported, based upon scores of 160 male and 160 female undergraduates. A marked similarity exists between the factor structure obtained for the men and that obtained for the women. The five factors which emerged from each analysis are interpreted as representing the following groups of needs: (A) nInterpersonal Relationships; (B) nHostile Dependency; (C) hStatus; (D) nOrderly Structure; (E) nFreedom. These results are seen as having relevance for contemporary personality theory and as leading to more efficient theory, prediction and description.
‘Please, remind me…’: The role of others in prospective remembering

In a study examining the effects of reminding expectations on prospective remembering, participants were asked to perform three internally and three externally cued tasks following a 30-minute filler activity. Experimental participants were informed that at the time for performance they were to: remind another (confederate) participant about the tasks; receive a reminder about the tasks from the confederate; or both. Control participants heard nothing about reminders. Those led to expect a reminder performed significantly fewer tasks than did those who were not, regardless of whether they were to provide a reminder. Those expecting to provide a reminder performed more tasks than did those who were not, but this difference was only marginally significant. In all conditions, significantly more externally cued than internally cued tasks were performed. Reminding expectations appear to have affected retention of the content of to-be-performed tasks, rather than retention of the intent to perform them. The results are discussed in terms of modifications to the activation levels of the to-be-performed activities and/or to participants' self-reminding strategies as a function of reminding expectations. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The admixture maximum likelihood test: a novel experiment‐wise test of association between disease and multiple SNPs

Disease association studies often test large numbers of markers, and various methods have been proposed to correct for multiple testing. In this paper, we propose an admixture maximum likelihood approach that estimates both the proportion of associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their typical effect size. We assessed this method and compared it with several previously proposed approaches by simulation. The maximum likelihood approach performed similarly to or better than all other tests across a wide range of alternative hypotheses. The rank truncated product method also had good power, though somewhat inferior to the maximum likelihood approach in most cases. A simple Bonferroni correction performed best only when the number of associated SNPs was small. Genet. Epidemiol. 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Effects of Different Types of Encoding Task on Memory for Famous Faces and Names

In this study, incidental memory for familiar faces following different types of encoding task was investigated. Subjects who had been asked to name faces of celebrities at presentation subsequently remembered them significantly better than subjects who had been asked to provide contextual information about the faces, and than subjects who had been asked to distinguish them from unfamiliar faces. This effect persisted regardless of whether the tests required memory for names, faces, or biographical information. It is argued that these results can be explained in terms of the face-processing framework of Bruce and Young (1986) and the theory of episodic memory for faces put forward by Bruce (1982, 1988). However the findings are not consistent with levels of processing (Craik & Lockhart, 1972), nor transfer appropriate processing (Morris, Bransford, & Franks, 1977).
Decision Difficulty: Effects of Procedural and Outcome Accountability

We propose that accountability type moderates the perceived difficulty of choosing from worse than reference or better than reference options. Study 1 demonstrates that the difference in perceived difficulty for deciding between such options is attenuated under procedural accountability but enhanced under outcome accountability. Study 2 shows that the differential effect accountability type is stronger under low attractiveness than under high attractiveness. Collectively, they show the importance of distinguishing procedural and outcome accountability in consumer decisions.
Multi‐Class Anisotropic Electrostatic Halftoning

Electrostatic halftoning, a sampling algorithm based on electrostatic principles, is among the leading methods for stippling, dithering and sampling. However, this approach is only applicable for a single class of dots with a uniform size and colour. In our work, we complement these ideas by advanced features for real‐world applications. We propose a versatile framework for colour halftoning, hatching and multi‐class importance sampling with individual weights. Our novel approach is the first method that globally optimizes the distribution of different objects in varying sizes relative to multiple given density functions. The quality, versatility and adaptability of our approach is demonstrated in various experiments.
An Heterogeneous, Endogenous and Coevolutionary GP-Based Financial Market

Stock markets are very important in modern societies and their behavior has serious implications for a wide spectrum of the world's population. Investors, governing bodies, and society as a whole could benefit from better understanding of the behavior of stock markets. The traditional approach to analyzing such systems is the use of analytical models. However, the complexity of financial markets represents a big challenge to the analytical approach. Most analytical models make simplifying assumptions, such as perfect rationality and homogeneous investors, which threaten the validity of their results. This motivates alternative methods.In this paper, we report an artificial financial market and its use in studying the behavior of stock markets. This is an endogenous market, with which we model technical, fundamental, and noise traders. Nevertheless, our primary focus is on the technical traders, which are sophisticated genetic programming based agents that co- evolve (by learning based on their fitness function) by predicting investment opportunities in the market using technical analysis as the main tool. With this endogenous artificial market, we identify the conditions under which the statistical properties of price series in the artificial market resemble some of the properties of real financial markets. By performing a careful exploration of the most important aspects of our simulation model, we determine the way in which the factors of such a model affect the endogenously generated price. Additionally, we model the pressure to beat the market by a behavioral constraint imposed on the agents reflecting the Red Queen principle in evolution. We have demonstrated how evolutionary computation could play a key role in studying stock markets, mainly as a suitable model for economic learning on an agent- based simulation.
Prognostic Role of MicroRNA-126 for Survival in Malignant Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background. Increasing studies found that miR-126 expression may be associated with the prognosis of cancers. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic role of miR-126 in different cancers. Methods. Eligible studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases up to March 2015. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the correlation between miR-126 and survival of cancers. Results. Thirty studies including a total of 4497 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that high level of miR-126 was a predictor for favorable survival of carcinomas, with pooled HR of 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.93) for OS, 0.64 (95%CI 0.48–0.85) for DFS, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–0.98) for PFS/RFS/DSS. However, high level of circulating miR-126 predicted a significantly worse OS in patients with cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.09–2.51). Conclusions. Our results indicated that miR-126 could act as a significant biomarker in the prognosis of various cancers.
The Physiology of Phenomenology: The Effects of Artworks

In a five-year long research project “eMotion—mapping museum experience,” we assessed which effects artworks had on museum visitors and their behavior in the field. We tested several hypotheses such as: Does a famous work attract more attention than a less renowned one, and a “loud” artwork more than a subtle one? Do similar artworks generate similar visitor reactions? Does an artwork lose its attraction if manipulated? To investigate these questions, experiments were conducted using special technology that allowed tracking of visitors' physical locomotion and continuous measurement of physiological markers in the gallery. We also recorded visitors' general subjective assessments of their museum experience, and with respect to specific artworks. Using this innovative approach, we were able to demonstrate strong correlations between artworks, the physical reactions of the visitors, their spatial behavior, and aesthetic ratings.
Stability and Change in Kindergartners' Friendships: Examination of Links with Social Functioning.

Stability and change in kindergartners’ friendships were examined based on a typology of profiles (stable, fluid, loss, gain, friendless). Our purpose was to determine whether children belonging to the five profiles differed in their social functioning. The sample was composed of 2353 kindergartners. Reciprocal friendships and social functioning indices were measured using peer nominations collected in October and May of the same year. A series of repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that children in the friendless profile were less accepted by their peers, more shy, more withdrawn, and more aggressive than other children. Moreover, children in the stable profile were significantly more accepted by their peers, more prosocial, and less shy than children in the fluid profile. Lastly, children in the loss profile became less accepted by their peers and less prosocial over the course of the year whereas children in the gain profile became more accepted and prosocial.
Germline Replacement by Transfer of Primordial Germ Cells into Partially Sterilized Embryos in the Chicken1

We report a novel technique for almost complete replacement of the recipient germline with donor germ cells in the chicken. Busulfan solubilized in a sustained-release emulsion was injected into the yolk of fertile eggs before incubation. A dose of 100 μg was found to provide the best outcome in terms of reducing the number of endogenous primordial germ cells (PGCs) in embryonic gonads (0.6% of control numbers) and hatchability (36.4%). This was applied for preparing partially sterilized embryos to serve as recipients for the transfer of exogenous PGCs. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the proportion of donor PGCs in busulfan-treated embryos was significantly higher than in controls (98.6% vs. 6.4%). Genetic cross-test analysis revealed that the germline transmission rate in busulfan-treated chickens was significantly higher than in controls (99.5% vs. 6.0%). Of 11 chimeras, 7 produced only donor-derived progenies, suggesting that these produced only donor-derived gametes in the recipient's gonads. This novel germline replacement technique provides a powerful tool for studying germline differentiation, for generating transgenic individuals, and for conserving genetic resources in birds.