Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Pigment epithelial cells of the frog's retina have been examined by methods of electron microscopy with special attention focused on the fine structure of the endoplasmic reticulum and the myeloid bodies. These cells, as reported previously, send apical prolongations into the spaces between the rod outer segments, and within these extensions, pigment migrates in response to light stimulation. The cytoplasm of these cells is filled with a compact lattice of membrane-limited tubules, the surfaces of which are smooth or particle-free. In this respect, the endoplasmic reticulum here resembles that encountered in cells which produce lipid-rich secretions. The myeloid bodies comprise paired membranes arranged in stacks shaped like biconvex lenses. At their margins the membranes are continuous with elements of the ER and in consequence of this the myeloid body is referred to as a differentiation of the reticulum. The paired membranes resemble in their thickness and spacings those which make up the outer segments; they are therefore regarded as intracellular photoreceptors of possible significance in the activation of pigment migration and other physiologic functions of these cells. The fuscin granules are enclosed in membranes which are also continuous with those of the ER. The granules seem to move independently of the prolongations in which they are contained. The report also describes the fine structure of the terminal bar apparatus, the fibrous layer intervening between the epithelium and the choroid blood vessels, and comments on the functions of the organelles depicted.
Joint Action of a Pair of Rowers in a Race: Shared Experiences of Effectiveness Are Shaped by Interpersonal Mechanical States

The purpose of this study was to understand how a single pair of expert individual rowers experienced their crew functioning in natural conditions when asked to practice a joint movement for the first time. To fulfill this objective, we conducted a field study of interpersonal coordination that combined phenomenological and mechanical data from a coxless pair activity, to analyze the dynamics of the (inter)subjective experience compared with the dynamics of the team coordination. Using an enactivist approach to social couplings, these heterogeneous data were combined to explore the salience (and accuracy) of individuals’ shared experiences of their joint action. First, we determined how each rower experienced the continuous crew functioning states (e.g., feelings of the boat’s glide). Second, the phenomenological data helped us to build several categories of oar strokes (i.e., cycles), experienced by the rowers as either detrimentally or effectively performed strokes. Third, the mechanical signatures that correlated with each phenomenological category were tracked at various level of organization (i.e., individual-, interpersonal-, and boat-levels). The results indicated that (a) the two rowers did not pay attention to their joint action during most of the cycles, (b) some cycles were simultaneously lived as a salient, meaningful experience of either a detrimental (n = 15 cycles) or an effective (n = 18 cycles) joint action, and (c) the mechanical signatures diverged across the delineated phenomenological categories, suggesting that the way in which the cycles were experienced emerged from the variance in some mechanical parameters (i.e., differences in peak force level and mean force). Notably, the mechanical measures that helped to explain differences within the phenomenological categories were found at the interpersonal level of analysis, thus suggesting an intentional inter-personal mode of regulation of their joint action. This result is further challenged and discussed in light of extra-personal regulation processes that might concurrently explain why participants did not make an extensive salient experience of their joint action. We conclude that attempts to combine phenomenological and mechanical data should be pursued to continue the research on how individuals regulate the effectiveness of their joint actions’ dynamics.
The SPARC Data Initiative: comparisons of CFC-11, CFC-12, HF and SF6 climatologies from international satellite limb sounders

A quality assessment of the CFC-11 (CCl3F), CFC-12 (CCl2F2), HF, and SF6 products from limb-viewing satellite instruments is provided by means of a detailed intercomparison. The climatologies in the form of monthly zonal mean time series are obtained from HALOE, MIPAS, ACE-FTS, and HIRDLS within the time period 1991–2010. The intercomparisons focus on the mean biases of the monthly and annual zonal mean fields and aim to identify their vertical, latitudinal and temporal structure. The CFC evaluations (based on MIPAS, ACE-FTS and HIRDLS) reveal that the uncertainty in our knowledge of the atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 mean state, as given by satellite data sets, is smallest in the tropics and mid-latitudes at altitudes below 50 and 20 hPa, respectively, with a 1σ multi-instrument spread of up to ±5 %. For HF, the situation is reversed. The two available data sets (HALOE and ACE-FTS) agree well above 100 hPa, with a spread in this region of ±5 to ±10 %, while at altitudes below 100 hPa the HF annual mean state is less well known, with a spread ±30 % and larger. The atmospheric SF6 annual mean states derived from two satellite data sets (MIPAS and ACE-FTS) show only very small differences with a spread of less than ±5 % and often below ±2.5 %. While the overall agreement among the climatological data sets is very good for large parts of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (CFCs, SF6) or middle stratosphere (HF), individual discrepancies have been identified. Pronounced deviations between the instrument climatologies exist for particular atmospheric regions which differ from gas to gas. Notable features are differently shaped isopleths in the subtropics, deviations in the vertical gradients in the lower stratosphere and in the meridional gradients in the upper troposphere, and inconsistencies in the seasonal cycle. Additionally, long-term drifts between the instruments have been identified for the CFC-11 and CFC-12 time series. The evaluations as a whole provide guidance on what data sets are the most reliable for applications such as studies of atmospheric transport and variability, model–measurement comparisons and detection of long-term trends. The data sets will be publicly available from the SPARC Data Centre and through PANGAEA (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.849223).
Personality as Predictor of Religious Commitment and Spiritual Beliefs: Comparing Catholic Deacons and Men in Formation

ABSTRACT Roman Catholic deacons (n = 1,349) and deacon candidates (n = 202), completed online measures of personality dimensions (i.e., HEXACO-60), religious commitment, spiritual transcendence beliefs, social desirability, and demographic variables. Social desirability tendencies did not impact responding for deacons or candidates. For candidates and deacons, honesty–humility and extraversion personality dimensions were significant predictors of religious commitment, and extraversion and openness to experience were significant predictors of spiritual beliefs of connectedness to others. Moreover, for deacons but not candidates, all personality dimensions significantly predicted at least one religiosity or spiritual belief. Implications for Catholic deacons and candidates for ordination are discussed.
Performance of WCDMA systems based on a novel generalized selective combining diversity technique

Generalized selective combining (GSC) is a hybrid diversity technique involving first selective combining (SC) followed by maximal ratio combining (MRC). In this paper we study a new technology based on bit log-likelihood ratio (BLLR) which is better than the traditional GSC based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in performance. WCDMA is one of the key technologies of the third-generation mobile communication and the average bit-error rate (BER) performance of a MQAM WCDMA system combined with space-time block coding (STBC), 2D-RAKE receiver and the new GSC on correlated Nakagami fading channels has been investigated. The simulation results show that the BLLR scheme is superior to the SNR scheme since it minimizes the BER of WCDMA systems. With the increase of the multipath components, the performance of system is improved significantly. Moreover, the system which possesses the smaller rate of average path decay factor exhibits the higher diversity order.
Path Integration for Light Transport in Volumes

Simulating the transport of light in volumes such as clouds or objects with subsurface scattering is computationally expensive. We describe an approximation to such transport using path integration. Unlike the more commonly used diffusion approximation, the path integration approach does not explicitly rely on the assumption that the material within the volume is dense. Instead, it assumes the phase function of the volume material is strongly forward scattering and uniform throughout the medium, an assumption that is often the case in nature. We show that this approach is useful for simulating subsurface scattering and scattering in clouds.
2nd Workshop on Building and Evaluating Resources for Biomedical Text Mining

Spelling correction in a large collection of clinical notes is a relatively lesser explored research area and serious problem as typically 30% of tokens are unknown. In this paper we explore techniques to devise a spelling suggestion generator for clinical data with an emphasis on the accuracy of the first suggestion. We use a combination of a rule-based suggestion generation system and a context-sensitive ranking algorithm to obtain the best results. The ranking is achieved using a language model created by bootstrapping from the corpus. The described method is embedded in a practical work-flow that we use for Knowledge Discovery and Reuse in clinical records.
Abstract—this Paper Presents a Hybrid Gross List Decoding and Chase-like Algorithm for Reed-solomon (rs) Codes. a Tree Scheme for Gross List Decoding Algorithm

which is used to decrease the complexity of the hybrid algorithm, is also proposed in this paper. Simulation results show that the performance of the hybrid algorithm for (15, 7) RS code is comparable with the hybrid algorithm proposed in [1], which combines KV list algorithm and Chase algorithm, but the complexity of the proposed hybrid algorithm is much less than the hybrid algorithm in [1] .
Multiplex DNA typing of short-tandem-repeat loci on the Y chromosome.

To facilitate evolutionary and forensic studies of DNA polymorphisms on the Y chromosome, we devised a multiplex amplification procedure for short-tandem-repeat (STR) loci. Four tetranucleotide STR loci (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, and DYS393) were simultaneously amplified with FAM-labeled primers and genotypes were determined with an automated DNA sequencer. We typed 162 males from three U.S. populations (African-Americans, European-Americans and Hispanics) and found that the haplotype diversities range from 0.920 to 0.969. This quadruplex system provides a facile means of genotyping these Y chromosome STRs, and should be useful in population genetic and forensic applications.
Environmental and stock effects on spatial distribution and abundance of mature cod Gadus morhua

Identification of environmental and stock effects that influence the spatial distribution and abundance of a spawning stock is necessary for understanding stock and recruitment processes, but data on such effects are rare. We examined environmental (depth, temperature), locational (lati- tude, longitude), and stock (length, age) effects on the distribution and abundance of mature and spawning cod Gadus morhua in Icelandic waters. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to test the effects of these covariates on data collected from historic groundfish surveys (1985 to 1999) around the onset of spawning. Mature cod were present in waters all around Iceland, with persistent concentrations in any given year (indicative of regional spawning components) off the southwest, southeast, and north coasts. Depth, temperature and, more importantly, location were significant covariates affecting both the relative abundance of mature cod and the spatial distribution of spawn- ing cod. Incorporating the effects of these covariates and their underlying relationships into stock and recruitment processes will provide insight into the mechanisms involved in population structuring of cod in Icelandic waters.
The Use of Wireless Internet Parks to Facilitate Adoption and Diffusion of E-Government Services: An Empirical Study in Qatar

The Qatari government has launched Wireless Internet Parks (iPark) concept under their national electronic government (egovernment) initiative with a view of providing free internet access for all citizens while enjoying the outdoors. By offering free wireless Internet access, the Qatari government hopes to increase accessibility of e-government services and encourage their citizens to actively participate in the global information society with a view of bridging the digital divide. The adoption and diffusion of iPark services will depend on user acceptance and availability of wireless technology. This paper examines an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) that proposes individual differences, technology complexity, and trust environment constructs to determine perceived usefulness and perceived ease of the iPark initiative by using a survey based study. Results of the survey showed that among other constructs Wireless Internet trust and technology complexity has a significant affect on perceived usefulness of iPark services.
On the cross-correlation of sub-mm sources and optically selected galaxies

Bright submillimetre (sub-mm) galaxies are expected to arise in massive highly biased haloes, and hence exhibit strong clustering. We argue that a valuable tool for measuring these clustering properties is the cross-correlation of sub-mm galaxies with faint optically selected sources. We analyse populations of sub-mm detected and optical galaxies in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North (GOODS-N) survey area. Using optical/infrared photometric-redshift information, we search for correlations induced by two separate effects: (i) cosmic magnification of background sub-mm sources by foreground dark matter haloes traced by optical galaxies at lower redshifts and (ii) galaxy clustering due to sub-mm and optical sources tracing the same population of haloes where their redshift distributions overlap. Regarding cosmic magnification, we find no detectable correlation. Our null result is consistent with a theoretical model for the cosmic magnification, and we show that a dramatic increase in the number of sub-mm sources will be required to measure the effect reliably. Regarding clustering, we find evidence at the 3. 5σ level for a cross-correlation between sub-mm and optical galaxies analysed in identical photometric redshift slices. The data hint that the sub-mm sources have an enhanced bias parameter compared to the optically selected population (with a significance of 2σ). The next generation of deep sub-mm surveys can potentially perform an accurate measurement of each of these cross-correlations, adding a new set of diagnostics for understanding the development of massive structure in the Universe.
Preprocrssing of Event-Related Potential Signals via Kalman Filtering and Smoothing

In this paper an approach for solving the problem of event-related potential (ERP) identification, based on Kalman filtering and Kalman smoothing is presented. We assume that previous trials contain prior information relevant to the next trial and there are little dynamical changes from trial to trial. The results are presented for both simulated and real data. Simulated data were obtained by adding Gaussian functions with time-varying amplitudes and latencies, and real data were acquired during a common odd-ball type paradigm. The results show that this method has potential to denoise the ensemble averaged ERPs.
Stream Processing on the Grid: an Array Stream Transforming Language

Specific requirements of stream processing on the Grid are discussed. We argue that when the stream processing paradigm is used for cluster computing, the processing components can be coded in the form of data-parallel recurrence relations with stream synchronization and filtering at the interfaces. We propose a programming language ASTL in which such components can be written and describe some of its key features. Our approach enables distributed type inference which guarantees correct typing of the whole distributed application. Finally we discuss the stream network architecture and identify issues requiring
SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION USING ROC ANALYSIS

The paper presents a new method of sample size determination (SSD) based on performance evaluation of systems under study. The method builds upon previous work on Bayesian approach to nonparametric receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis with estimation of probability density functions and confidence intervals for parameters of ROC curve. Technical details of the method together with an illustration of its application to a real clinical example is given. The advantages of the method include ability to handle and compare models built using multidimentional, multimodal data, with no need for prior estimation of the effect size and variability. The disadvantages of the approach include high computational requirements, especially when the method of SSD deploys AUC as a measure of systems performance.
Defining critical thinking

Exercise 1 Read through the following statements and tick those that you think may come from critical thinkers. “I hate talk shows where people just state their opinions but never give any reasons at all” “No matter how complex a problem, you can bet there will be a simple solution” “Just because information is in a textbook, doesn’t necessarily mean it can be trusted” “My views are probably shaped by the social and economic groups I belong to” “I hate it when teachers discuss problems instead of just giving the information” “Selling an idea is like selling cars, you say whatever works” “I like to think about whether someone’s views reflects the experience of all groups of people” “I question the authority of evidence before I accept it” Outline of Lecture
Semiparametric Estimation of First-Price Auctions with Risk Averse Bidders*

In view of the non-identification of the first-price auction model with risk-averse bidders, this paper proposes some parametric identifying restrictions and a semiparametric estimator for the risk aversion parameter(s) and the latent distribution of private values. Specifically, we exploit heterogeneity across auctioned objects to establish semiparametric identification under a conditional quantile restriction of the bidders’ private value distribution and a parameterization of the bidders’ utility function. We develop a multistep semiparametric method and we show that our semiparametric estimator of the utility function parameter(s) converges at the optimal rate, which is slower than the parametric one but independent of the dimension of the exogenous variables thereby avoiding the curse of dimensionality. We then consider various extensions including a binding reserve price, affiliation among private values, and asymmetric bidders. The method is illustrated on U.S. Forest Service timber sales, and bidders’ risk neutrality is rejected.
ACKET S ELECTION AND S CHEDULING FOR M ULTIPATH V IDEO S TREAMING

This paper addresses the problem of choosing the best streaming policy for distortion optimal multipath video delivery, under delay constraints. The streaming policy consists in a joint selection of the video packets to be transmitted, as well as their sending time, and the transmission path. A simple streaming model is introduced, which takes into account the video packet importance, and the dependencies among packets, and allows to compute the quality perceived by the receiver, as a function of the streaming policy. We derive an optimization problem based on the video abstraction model, under the assumption that the server knows, or can predict the state of the network. A detailed analysis of the timing constraints in multipath video streaming provides helpful insights that lead to an efficient algorithm to solve the NP-hard streaming policy optimization problem. We eventually propose a fast heuristic-based algorithm, that still provides close to optimal performance. Thanks to its limited complexity, this novel algorithm is finally demonstrated in live streaming scenarios, where it only induces a negligible distortion penalty compared to an optimal strategy. Simulation results finally show that the proposed scheduling solutions perform better than common scheduling algorithms, and represent very efficient multipath streaming strategies for both stored and live video services.
Cadmium exposure in Brassica juncea causes a decline in transpiration rate and leaf expansion without effect on photosynthesis

decline in transpiration rate. Brassica juncea L. is able to accumulate more than Key words: Brassica juncea, gas exchange, chlorophyll 400 m gg ’1 DW Cd in the shoot, a physiological trait fluorescence, growth, phytochelatin, c-ECS, MT2, which may be exploited for the bioremediation of cadmium.
Wealth and Happiness : Empirical Evidence from Indonesia 1

The economics of happiness is an interesting way to provide broader concept of wealth. It is able to provide insight on relative utility that is not only depending by income as mediated by individual choices or preferences within monetary budget constraint but also non monetary factors. Recent economic studies on happiness or subjective well being, most of them in developing countries, are able to give us some insight what makes individuals satisfied with their lives. Some of the studies in developed countries also found that within countries, higher level of income contribute on higher level of reported well being. Unfortunately, economic studies on happiness in developing countries, including Indonesia, are limited because of data limitation. Therefore, this paper analyzes the determinants of subjective well being in Indonesia assess whether there is positive association between individual wealth and happiness. Using Indonesia Family Life Survey Data Set, logistic regression analysis is used to identify the source of happiness from both economic and not economics variables. Key word: Happiness, wealth 1 This paper was presented at 10 Indonesian Regional Science Association (IRSA) International Conference that was held on July 28-29, 2010 at Faculty of Business and Economics of Airlangga University in Surabaya Indonesia. Many thanks for Nur Hidayat and Taufik Hidayat for discussion and providing some reading materials. Also thanks for Rossanto Handoyo and Rumayya for providing working space in Laboratorium Pengkajian Ekonomi Pembangunan, Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University when the authors preparing this paper. 2 Alumni of Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University and Institute for Population and Social Research (IPSR), Mahidol University, Thailand 3 Alumni of School of Business and Economics, University Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia 4 Student of Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University 5 Student of Faculty of Economics and Business, Airlangga University