Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physique traits of lightweight rowers and their relationship to competitive success

Objectives: Physique traits and their relationship to competitive success were assessed amongst lightweight rowers competing at the 2003 Australian Rowing Championships. Methods: Full anthropometric profiles were collected from 107 lightweight rowers (n = 65 males, n = 45 females) competing in the Under 23 and Open age categories. Performance assessments were obtained for 66 of these rowers based on results in the single sculls events. The relationship between physique traits and competitive success was then determined. Results: Lower body fat (heat time estimate −8.4 s kg−1, p<0.01), greater total body mass (heat time estimate −4.4 s kg−1, p = 0.03), and muscle mass (heat time estimate −10.2 s kg−1, p<0.01) were associated with faster 2000 m heat times. Conclusions: The more successful lightweight rowers were those who had lower body fat and greater total muscle mass.
Situação do manejo integrado de insetos-praga na cultura do arroz no Brasil.

Na sequencia deste texto realiza-se uma abordagem sobre a situacao de manejo de cada um dos principais insetos-praga dos dois sistemas de producao de arroz no Brasil, indicando as atuais falhas, estrategias de controle mais recomendaveis e demandas de pesquisa e de transferencia de tecnologia. Apresenta-se ainda a estrutura de um projeto de pesquisa, recentemente elaborado, que enfoca o desenvolvimento de sistemas de producao de arroz sustentaveis nas varzeas do Rio Grande do Sul, cuja matriz de concepcao pode ser adaptada ao sistema de producao de arroz em terras altas.
High-Power Machine Drive, Using Nonredundant 27-Level Inverters and Active Front End Rectifiers

A nonredundant 27-level inverter using ldquoHrdquo converters is being analyzed for high power machine drive applications. The main advantage of this kind of converter is the minimum harmonic distortion obtained at the machine side. The drawbacks are the large number of isolated dc power supplies required for each one of the three stages of the multistage converter. In this paper this problem has been overcome in two ways: 1) by using independent windings for each phase of the motor and 2) by using independent input transformers. Special configurations and combinations of diode rectifiers and active front end rectifiers for one of the stages of the drive are used to eliminate input harmonics. The topology can also keep high power factor at the input terminals. Simulation results are shown and some experiments with small three-stage prototype are displayed. The control of this multiconverter is being implemented using DSP controllers, which give flexibility to the system.
Cerebral Function Monitor Studies in Neonates

Cerebral function monitor (CFM) recordings were obtained from 107 neonates, considered by pediatricians to be neurologically normal on discharge from hospital. Maturational changes in sleep patterns for the tracings over the conceptional age range 30 to 43 weeks were quantified and the resulting EEG measures analyzed statistically. When tracings obtained from neonates of less than three weeks chronological age were considered, significant correlations were found with the weight of the neonate at the time of the recording. For tracings of premature neonates obtained at the mean chronological age of six weeks a relationship was found between EEG measures and Apgar scores. These results are discussed in relation to the mature neonatal EEG, and it is suggested that the CFM provides a simple additional method of assessment.
The Reinforcement Learning Competition 2014

Reinforcement learning is one of the most general problems in artificial intelligence. It has been used to model problems in automated experiment design, control, economics, game playing, scheduling and telecommunications. The aim of the reinforcement learning competition is to encourage the development of very general learning agents for arbitrary reinforcement learning problems and to provide a test-bed for the unbiased evaluation of algorithms.
Objectively Assessed Physical Activity Among Tongans in the United States

Until recently, health statistics data for Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders (NHPI) in the United States were almost nonexistent, due to their being historically aggregated into one homogenous group with Asian Americans (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2004b). However, recent studies on U.S. NHPI highlight a multitude of obesity-related health disparities (Balabis, Pobutsky, Komer-Baker, Tottori, & Salvail, 2007; CDC, 2004a; Chiem et al., 2006; Gem, Daus, Bormet, & Trieu, 2006; Hawaii State Department of Health [HDH], 2007; McNeely & Boyko, 2004; Moy, Sallis, & David, 2010; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2000), indicating the necessity of disaggregated data for NHPI and their subgroups. Among the contiguous states, Utah has the highest per capita population of Pacific Islanders (U.S. Census Bureau (2009) and Tongans are one of the primary NHPI subgroups in the state, composing 27.9% of the total NHPI population (Utah Department of Health [UDH], 2009). Utah age-adjusted obesity rates for NHPI (49.2%) are more than double that of all Utah residents (21.3%) and over three times that of the statespecific Healthy People 2010 target of 15% (CDC, 2004b; UDH, 2009). A physically inactive (not meeting physical activity [PA] guidelines) lifestyle or sedentary (no PA) lifestyle is a known contributor to a multitude of negative health consequences, including obesity (USDHHS, 2008). While even modest amounts of PA may yield beneficial outcomes, research has indicated that adults can reap substantial health benefits by performing at least 150 min/ week of moderate-intensity or 75 min/week of vigorousintensity aerobic PA or an equivalent combination of moderateand vigorous-intensity aerobic activity. In addition, this activity can be performed in 10-min consecutive bouts and yield similar health benefits to that of a singular longer activity bout (USDHHS, 2008). Importantly, the majority of PA data, including national surveillance data (e.g., Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [BRFSS], National Health Interview Survey, etc.), have been collected using indirect methods, which have been associated with considerable sources of error (Sallis & Saelens, 2000). Given these limitations, objective methods have recently been used to capture PA behavior. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) now uses accelerometers to collect more precise PA estimates. Although recognized limitations exist (Ward, Evenson, Vaughn, Rogers, & Troiano, 2005), accelerometers are objective motion detectors that allow researchers to have additional confidence in their findings regarding PA. Unfortunately, there are no currently published studies reporting objectively measured PA levels for U.S. NHPI. Thus, the purpose of this study Objectively Assessed Physical Activity Among Tongans in the United States
Efficacy of fractal electrodes in transcranial direct current stimulation: A computational modeling study

Fast-growing application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an electrotherapy technique has been motivated researchers to rationalize dosage of primary care protocol. Some important aspects in this field are pertained to modification of electrodes regarding size, position and shape of them. Recently, fractal electrodes have shown the potential to enhance neural stimulation efficiency. The purpose of current study was to address the efficacy of this newly introduced electrode on tDCS via numerical methods. An individual high resolution finite element human head model was created based on MR-scanning images. We simulated induced current density in the brain for conventional and fractal electrodes. The results demonstrate that geometry of fractal electrodes has an impact on the magnitude of current density. The peak current density for the same inward stimulus was higher (~1.3 times) for fractal electrodes in comparison with conventional type. Fractal shapes could be considered as an efficient way to provide more penetration of current density across the human brain.
Lower body positive pressure by anti‐G garment inflation: a suitable method to increase pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in healthy elderly subjects

In a study on non‐invasive assessment of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), we sought a method to increase PCWP non‐invasively. We hypothesized that inflation of an anti‐G garment was suitable to increase PCWP non‐invasively in healthy elderly subjects. In 20 subjects, aged 70 ± 4 years (mean ± SD), before, immediately after, and 4 min after anti‐G garment inflation to 52 mmHg, PCWP and mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) were measured with a Swan‐Ganz catheter, and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) with Finapres, in supine and semi‐recumbent position. Supine, PCWP (mmHg, mean ± SD) increased from 9·9 ± 2·1 to 15·5 ± 3·9** immediately after inflation and 13·4 ± 3·7** at 4 min; semi‐recumbent from 8·9 ± 2·0 to 17·5 ± 3·3** and 14·7 ± 2·9** (*P<0·05, **P< 0·001 versus before inflation). MPAP (mmHg) increased after inflation: supine 16·9 ± 2·3 to 22·3 ± 4·6** and 20·6 ± 3·9** and semi‐recumbent 15·7 ± 2·8 to 24·3 ± 5·1** and 22·5 ± 3·5**, suggesting that increased preload was the primary effect of anti‐G garment inflation. Supine MAP (mmHg) increased from 96·0 ± 11·3 to 101·4 ± 13·4** and 100·5 ± 12·7* and semi‐recumbent from 102·0 ± 8·9 to 108·3 ± 11·4** and 106·0 ± 11·3*, suggesting an effect of increased afterload as well. The latter was supported by an increase in total peripheral resistance (d s cm−5) from 1346 ± 299 to 1441 ± 384 after 4 min (P = 0·057) and from 1461 ± 341 to 1532 ± 406 (P = 0·054), supine and semi‐recumbent respectively, while cardiac output remained unchanged. Complications did not occur. We conclude that in healthy elderly subjects, anti‐G garment inflation is a safe, non‐invasive, method to induce a significant increase in PCWP. Our findings justify its application in future studies in which non‐invasive temporary increase in PCWP is required.
Nrf2-mediated induction of p62 controls Toll-like receptor-4–driven aggresome-like induced structure formation and autophagic degradation

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in several innate immune responses by regulating autophagy, but little is known about how TLR signaling controls autophagy. Here we demonstrate that p62/SQSTM1 is required for TLR4-mediated autophagy, which we show as selective autophagy of aggresome-like induced structures (ALIS). Treatment with LPS or Escherichia coli induced LC3+ dot-like structures, and their assembly, but not lysosomal degradation, occurred independently of classic autophagic machinery. Microscopic and ultrastructural analyses showed that p62 is a component of the induced LC3+ dots and these TLR4-induced p62+ structures resemble ALIS. The levels of p62 mRNA and protein were increased in TLR4-activated cells and knockdown of p62 suppressed the ALIS formation and LC3-II conversion. The accumulation of p62 and ALIS required activation of Nrf2 by reactive oxygen species-p38 axis-dependent TLR4/MyD88 signaling, suggesting a link between innate immune and oxidative-stress responses. These findings indicate that TLR4-driven induction of p62 plays an essential role in the formation and the autophagic degradation of ALIS, which might be critical for regulating host defense.
Differences in memory function between 5-HT1A receptor genotypes in patients with major depressive disorder

Background While extensive literature on the role of the serotonin receptor 1A (5-HT1A-R) in cognition exists, the findings are largely from animal studies. There has been little research conducted into 5-HT1A-R genotypes and cognitive function in humans. This article evaluates the role of 5-HT1A-R genotypes on the profile of cognitive function in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods The study sample was 455 MDD patients aged between 18 and 55 years. They had enrolled into a clinical trial and were tested prior to dosing on the baseline study day using the CDR System, an integrated set of 3 attention tests, 2 working memory tests, and 4 episodic memory tests. 5-HT1A-R genotyping for (SNP ID rs6295) had been conducted during the study screening period. Results Validated factor scores were derived from the 9 tests. It was found that patients with the C/C genotype for the C(1019)G polymorphism of the 5-HT1A-R were significantly superior in retaining and retrieving information, in both working and episodic memory, than those with either the C/G or the G/G genotypes. No differences were found in measures of attention or in the speed of retrieval of information from memory. Conclusions This is, to our knowledge, the first relationship found between objective tests of cognitive function and 5-HT1A-R genotypes in MDD.
Comparison between ESPRIT Algorithm and Three-Stage Algorithm for PolinSAR

This paper presents a polarimetric SAR interferometric SAR data analysis based on ESPRIT algorithm and three-stage inversion algorithm. The formulations of ESPRIT algorithm and three stages inversion algorithm are presented firstly. The experimental results based on ESPRIT algorithm and three-stage algorithm have been compared and analyzed then. And we point out that direct conversion of the retrieved height of the scattering center corresponding to a single polarimetric channel to the forest height, will lead to underestimation. Therefore, it is important for the conversion to be carried out on the basis of a coherence scattering model of forest, which expresses radar observations in terms of a small number of vegetation and underlying-surface parameters. The experiment data is from PolSARpro software at L band.
State of the art of the maturity models to an evaluation of the enterprise architecture

The evaluation of enterprise Architecture EA allows companies to evaluate their current situation. More specifically, it optimizes the alignment, the business strategy, the organization, the resources, the processes and the technology. This optimized architecture provides a cost-efficient solution and also contributes to ensure the successful implementation of the purposes of the organization. However it is very difficult to find a complete method of evaluation in term of indicators of evaluation and which ensures the follow-up of all the stages of development of the architecture of company. This article presents the possibility of evaluation starting from the methods of maturity of existing enterprise architecture.
Mass Transfer Limitations to the Performance of Membrane Bioartificial Liver Support Devices

A number of membrane bioartificial devices have been proposed for liver support. However, their design does not yet ensure the successful treatment of acute liver insufficiency. In this paper, the Author reviews the limitations of the mass transport phenomena to the performance of a membrane bioartificial liver support device. First of all the requirements that an optimal membrane bioartificial liver support device has to meet for the therapy to be effective are presented. On these grounds, the issues that are still to be addressed to optimize the performance of such devices are discussed: particular attention is devoted to the mass transport phenomena in each region of the membrane bioartificial device. Finally, the main transport features of the membrane bioartificial liver support devices proposed so far are illustrated and examined.
Prognostic implications of fibrotic focus (scar) in small peripheral lung cancers

ABSTRACT Peripheral lung cancers frequently possess a fibrotic focus or scar in their center or beneath the pleura. We reexamined 58 cases of peripheral lung cancer of less than 3 cm in diameter (48 adenocarcinomas, two large cell carcinomas and eight squamous cell carcinomas) which were removed surgically between June 1962 and July 1973. Analyses of the cases revealed that in adenocarcinoma with increased collagenization or hyalinization in the fibrotic focus, the degree of pleural invasion and incidence of lymph node metastasis and blood vessel invasion were greater and thus the prognosis of the patient was poorer than in cases with no or slight collagenization. The results also indicate that the characteristics of the central fibrotic focus are probably more important than the size of the tumor for estimating the prognosis of patients with peripheral adenocarcinoma of less than 3 cm in diameter. The same might be said of peripheral large-cell carcinoma. However, the prognostic importance of the fibrotic focus was not confirmed in cases of peripheral squamous-cell carcinoma. Although the central or sub-pleural scar has long been the basis of the scar cancer concept, alternate explanations were considered, namely, that scar formation occurred along with tumor development, rather than before, in the case of adenocarcinomas.
A review of advancement in Multimodal Biometrics System

The Unimodal biometrics has many problems such as noisy data, intra-class variations, confined degrees of freedom, non uniformity, spoof attacks, uniqueness , diversenesss, non invariant and spoofy attack. The use of single property works as exclusive source of information for authentication (e.g. fingerprint, face, voice, gait etc.) generally leads to high false acceptance rate (FAR) and false rejection rate (FRR), Failure to Enroll rate(FER). In order to conquered the limitations provided by unimodal system there is need of system which can combine of two or more attributes types of biometrics systems known as multimodal biometric systems. These systems are more authentic and trustworthy due to the presence of multiple, self contained, individualistic biometrics attributes. The spoofing problem is solved easily because it is very difficult for deceiver to take-off multiple biometric traits. The advantages of multimodal biometric systems is that there are multiple sources of information . As multimodal biometric systems use more than one biometric trait so it provide more security and more reliable and provide maximum accuracy.
Effect of bonding protocol on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: An in vitro study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of bracket composites as a function of the application of flow adhesive prior to the composite and light curing time. Material and methods: Freshly extracted bovine permanent central incisors (50) were acid etched and divided into four groups varying the attachment protocol: (1) no adhesive, composite light-cured for 20s; (2) no adhesive, composite light-cured for 40s; (3) application of adhesive, composite light-cured for 20s; and (4) application of adhesive, composite light-cured for 40s. For comparison, a chemically cured system was used accordingly to the manufacturer instructions. The samples were stored in distilled water (37oC) for 24 hours prior to the shear test (0,75mm/min) and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) was registered for each tooth. Results: The present in vitro findings showed that both variables, application of adhesive and light curing time, influenced the bond strength of orthodontic brackets. Brackets bonded without adhesive present lower resistance to shear forces (p=0.05) than the samples bonded with adhesive. Higher bond strength values were found for longer light curing times, though statistical difference (p=0.05) was only observed between groups (3) and (4). ARI results show lower scores for extended light curing times. Although the variables in this study significantly affect the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets, all the experimental groups show bond strength values greater than the normally accepted in the current literature.
catena-Poly[[[diaquacopper(II)]-μ-quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylato-κ3 N,O 2:O 3] monohydrate]

In the title compound, {[Cu(C11H5NO4)(H2O)2]·H2O}n, the CuII ion is five-coordinated by two O atoms and one N atom of two symmetry-related quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylate ligands, and two water molecules. The water molecules occupy basal and apical positions of the square-pyramidal coordination polyhedron. Each quinoline-2,3-dicarboxylate dianion bridges two adjacent CuII ions, forming a polymeric chain along [010]. The chains are further connected via O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding interactions and quinoline ring π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.725 (4) Å], generating a three-dimensional structure. Lattice water molecules participate in the crystal structure via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
The American College of Rheumatology 1991 revised criteria for the classification of global functional status in rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To develop and validate revised criteria for global functional status in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Revised criteria were formulated and tested for criterion and discriminant validity in 325 patients with RA. RESULTS The revised criteria developed are as follows: class I = able to perform usual activities of daily living (self-care, vocational, and avocational); class II = able to perform usual self-care and vocational activities, but limited in avocational activities; class III = able to perform usual self-care activities but limited in vocational and avocational activities; class IV = limited in ability to perform usual self-care, vocational, and avocational activities. Usual self-care activities include dressing, feeding, bathing, grooming, and toileting; vocational and avocational activities are both patient-desired and age-, and sex-specific. The distribution properties of this classification schema were superior to those of the original Steinbrocker criteria. Mean Health Assessment Questionnaire scores were significantly (P less than 0.0001) different between, and increased across, the 4 classes. CONCLUSION Although there are limitations inherent in the use of global ordinal scales, the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria will be useful in describing the functional consequences of RA. A more detailed quantitative measure of physical disability should be used, however, for optimal monitoring of patients' clinical status in office practice and clinical research.
Oxidative Damage and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 Protein Expression in Normal Skin and Keloid Tissue

Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the induction of apoptosis under pathological conditions. Recently, a significant increase in ROS production and disrupted apoptosis mechanisms in keloids have been reported. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) represents one of the most important cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and is implicated in the regulation of apoptosis. Recently, it has been reported that Nrf2 upregulates Bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein. Objective To compare Nrf2 protein expression in normal skin tissues to keloid tissues. Methods ROS generation in keloid tissues was evaluated with OxyBlot analysis. Western blotting and/or immunohistochemical staining approaches were used to study expression of Nrf2 or Bcl-2 in keloid and normal skin tissues. Cellular fractionation was performed to examine subcellular distribution of Nrf2. Transfection of fibroblasts with Nrf2-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was conducted to understand the relationship between Nrf2 expression and apoptosis induction. Results Protein oxidation, a marker of oxidative stress, is increased in keloid tissues. Western blot analysis clearly showed that Nrf2 and Bcl-2 are downregulated in keloid tissues. Immunohistochemical staining of Nrf2 confirmed the results of the western blot analysis. Transfection of fibroblasts with the Nrf2-specific siRNA results in increased apoptosis and decreased cell viability. Conclusion Collectively, our data indicate that Nrf2 expression is downregulated in keloid tissues, and that Nrf2 is involved in the development of apoptosis in Nrf2 siRNA-transfected fibroblasts. We propose that a defective antioxidant system and apoptotic dysregulation may participate in keloid pathogenesis.