Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Radiation fog, gravity waves and their interactions with turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer

Esta tesis aborda el estudio de dos fenomenos atmosfericos que aparecen normalmente en la capa limite estable (SBL): nieblas radiativas y ondas de gravedad (GWs). Estos procesos no estan bien comprendidos y por lo tanto su representacion en los modelos numericos es uno de los desafios a los que se enfrenta la modelizacion meteorologica futura. De esta forma, el principal objetivo de esta tesis es ampliar el conocimiento sobre estos fenomenos, con un enfoque especial a sus interacciones con la turbulencia en la SBL. El trabajo comienza con experimentos de sensibilidad del modelo WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) para la determinacion de las opciones fisicas mas apropiadas para la prediccion de nieblas. Posteriormente, se aborda la prediccion de nieblas a traves de dos enfoques diferentes: modelizacion numerica directa (WRF) y metodos estadisticos (M14, Menut et al. (2014)). Estos dos metodos son evaluados y comparados en dos centros experimentales diferentes. Por otro lado, se presenta una climatologia estadistica robusta con el objetivo de senalar las diferencias mas importantes entre las nieblas radiativas en ambos sitios. Finalmente, se ofrecen nuevos metodos para la estimacion de la altura del tope de la niebla. Esta variable es normalmente desconocida o esta sujeta a la disponibilidad de datos de dificil adquisicion. La estimacion que se ofrece en esta tesis se basa en medidas superficiales de turbulencia (velocidad de friccion y flujo de calor). Con respecto a las GWs, por un lado se presenta un analisis observacional unico de GWs casi monocromaticas propagadas en un canal, siendo dificil tener la oportunidad de analizar observacionalmente un caso como este. Por otro lado, se muestran los mecanismos fisicos que gobiernan GWs de menor escala y flujos de drenaje, analizando en detalle las interacciones de estos fenomenos con la turbulencia en la SBL, tema que es uno de los actuales desafios de los estudios micrometeorologicos.
Human IMR‐32 neuroblastoma cells as a model cell line in Alzheimer's disease research

The present study investigated expression and processing of amyloid precursor protein by neuronally differentiated IMR‐32 neuroblastoma cells. APP mRNA in these cells was found to consist of approximately 58% APP695, 38% APP751, and <4% APP770. APP‐immunoreactive bands detected in western blots of cellular protein extracts were only detected by anti‐APP antibodies to peptides with strong homology to APLP2, suggesting that these bands represent APP‐like proteins and not APP itself. This result suggests that previous studies claiming immunodetection of cellular forms of APP may have to be re‐evaluated. Four main species of C‐terminal truncated, secreted APP were detected in blots of protein extracts from medium conditioned by these cells. The immunoreactive profile of these bands suggested a cleavage site N‐terminal to the Lys16‐Leu17 bond of α‐secretase. This, together with differences in number and molecular mass of APP‐immunoreactive bands between secreted APP from IMR‐32 cells and that from the commonly used PC‐12 cells, suggests differences in APP processing between these two neuronally differentiated cell lines. In theory, IMR‐32 cells being of human neuronal origin may be a more appropriate cell line to study APP‐processing in relation to Alzheimer's disease than the rat phaeo‐chromocytoma PC‐12 cell line. Therefore, these detected differences warrant further investigation. Additionally IMR‐32 cells under certain tissue culture conditions can form intracellular fibrillary material that reacts with anti‐PHF specific antibodies. Neuronally differentiated IMR‐32 cells could therefore be used as a model system to investigate possible interactions between APP‐processing and PHF formation. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A study of steel cord belt magnetic memory testing system

Metal Magnetic Memory (MMM) is a new non-destructive testing (NDT) technique. It is important on early diagnostics of fatigue damages and evaluatuion of life time. In order to check the early injury problems and hidden troubles of the steel-cord belts reliably and sensitively, a new type of system based on Metal Magnetic Memory technology is developed. The designs of sensor, detection system and software are given. The floating-point DSP chip is used as the microprocessor in the detection system. The new system which is used for steel-cord belts testing has the characteristics of high sensitivity, small lift-off effect and high reliability.
Quantification des incertitudes et analyse de sensibilité pour codes de calcul à entrées fonctionnelles et dépendantes

Cette these s'inscrit dans le cadre du traitement des incertitudes dans les simulateurs numeriques, et porte plus particulierement sur l'etude de deux cas d'application lies aux etudes de surete pour les reacteurs nucleaires. Ces deux applications presentent plusieurs caracteristiques communes. La premiere est que les entrees du code etudie sont fonctionnelles et scalaires, les entrees fonctionnelles etant dependantes entre elles. La deuxieme caracteristique est que la distribution de probabilite des entrees fonctionnelles n'est connue qu'a travers un echantillon de ces variables. La troisieme caracteristique, presente uniquement dans un des deux cas d'etude, est le cout de calcul eleve du code etudie qui limite le nombre de simulations possibles. L'objectif principal de ces travaux de these etait de proposer une methodologie complete de traitement des incertitudes de simulateurs numeriques pour les deux cas etudies. Dans un premier temps, nous avons propose une methodologie pour quantifier les incertitudes de variables aleatoires fonctionnelles dependantes a partir d'un echantillon de leurs realisations. Cette methodologie permet a la fois de modeliser la dependance entre les variables fonctionnelles et de prendre en compte le lien entre ces variables et une autre variable, appelee covariable, qui peut etre, par exemple, la sortie du code etudie. Associee a cette methodologie, nous avons developpe une adaptation d'un outil de visualisation de donnees fonctionnelles, permettant de visualiser simultanement les incertitudes et les caracteristiques de plusieurs variables fonctionnelles dependantes. Dans un second temps, une methodologie pour realiser l'analyse de sensibilite globale des simulateurs des deux cas d'etude a ete proposee. Dans le cas d'un code couteux en temps de calcul, l'application directe des methodes d'analyse de sensibilite globale quantitative est impossible. Pour pallier ce probleme, la solution retenue consiste a construire un modele de substitution ou metamodele, approchant le code de calcul et ayant un temps de calcul tres court. Une methode d'echantillonnage uniforme optimise pour des variables scalaires et fonctionnelles a ete developpee pour construire la base d'apprentissage du metamodele. Enfin, une nouvelle approche d'approximation de codes couteux et a entrees fonctionnelles a ete exploree. Dans cette approche, le code est vu comme un code stochastique dont l'alea est du aux variables fonctionnelles supposees incontrolables. Sous ces hypotheses, plusieurs metamodeles ont ete developpes et compares. L'ensemble des methodes proposees dans ces travaux a ete applique aux deux cas d'application etudies.
A Novel Technique for Improvement of Power Supply Rejection Ratio in Amplifer Circuits

Most of the time, power supplies fail to provide a constant voltage supply and some external voltage signal may override on the power supply giving unwanted fluctuation at the output node. This paper discusses 3 techniques to improve the Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) in amplifier circuits. 1) Cascoding technique – Cascoding increases the gain from input node to output node giving high PSRR values at low frequency. 2) Feedback technique – a negative feedback in circuits generally improves PSRR since it ensures that output follows the input signal and any other external disturbance is rejected. 3) Designing an additional circuit which could nullify the effect of the voltage gain from the power supply to the output node.
Finite-time control for linear systems with impulse control

This paper deals with finite-time stabilization and finite-time boundedness control problems for continuous-time linear time-varying systems with impulse control, which control is governed by discrete-time linear time-varying systems. Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of observer-based output feedback controllers that make a system finite-time stable and finite-time bounded, in terms of differential-difference linear matrix inequalities (DDLMIs). Assuming periodic solutions of the DDLMIs, numerically tractable design conditions for impulse control are given by LMIs. Numerical examples illustrate the design methods of observer-based output control as well as state feedback control.
Effect of Implant Diameter on its Survival Rate among a Group of Iranian Warfare Victims Presenting to QaziTabatabai Clinic Affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University during 2000-2010

Objective: At present, treatment of edentulous areas with implant-supported prosthesis has greatly increased. The aim of this study was to assess the survival rate of implants with different diameters. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 239 warfare victims presenting to Qazi Tabatabaie Clinic during 2000-2010. A total of 1,649 implants were placed. The success criteria included presence of osteointegrated implants with no sign of infection, mobility, or lucency around them. Data were extracted from patients’ records and recorded in questionnaires. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square or Log-Rank test. Results: A total of 1,533 implants were evaluated out of which, 61 (4%) had failed. Survival rate of implants of different brands had a significant association with implant diameter as the highest failure rate was observed in implants with 5-6.5 mm diameter and the lowest failure rate belonged to 3-3.5 mm diameter implants. Conclusion: Study results demonstrated that the survival of implants may be affected by their diameter as the failure rate was higher in implants with greater diameters.
High-Content Screening for Chemical Modulators of Embryonal Carcinoma Cell Differentiation and Survival

Disentangling the complex interactions that govern stem cell fate choices of self-renewal, differentiation, or death presents a formidable challenge. Image-based phenotype-driven screening meets this challenge by providing means for rapid testing of many small molecules simultaneously. Pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells offer a convenient substitute for embryonic stem (ES) cells in such screens because they are simpler to maintain and control. The authors developed an image-based screening assay to identify compounds that affect survival or differentiation of the human EC stem cell line NTERA2 by measuring the effect on cell number and the proportion of cells expressing a pluripotency-associated marker SSEA3. A pilot screen of 80 kinase inhibitors identified several compounds that improved cell survival or induced differentiation. The survival compounds Y-27632, HA-1077, and H-8 all strongly inhibit the kinases ROCK and PRK2, highlighting the important role of these kinases in EC cell survival. Two molecules, GF109203x and rottlerin, induced EC differentiation. The effects of rottlerin were also investigated in human ES cells. Rottlerin inhibited the self-renewal ability of ES cells, caused the cell cycle arrest, and repressed the expression of pluripotency-associated genes.
Evaluation of the use of Syzygium cumini fruit extract as an antioxidant additive in orange juice and its sensorial impact

This work is an exploratory study of the possibility of promoting the consumption of Syzygium cumini fruit by adding its extract to orange juice making good use of its functional (antioxidant) properties. S. cumini fruit extract was characterized in terms of its anthocyanin content (2.11 g/100 g expressed in cyanidine-3-glucoside equivalents), total phenolic compounds (360 mg/100 g expressed in gallic acid equivalents) and antioxidant capacity evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging method. The effects of the addition of S. cumini fruit crude extract as well as its chromatographic fractions on the juice were assessed chemically by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry detector. Only six compounds had their chromatographic peak intensities clearly changed and the results are discussed in terms of the inhibition of the formation of 2-octanone, hexanol, α-copaene, and α-panasinsene and the conservation of octyl acetate and p-menth-1-en-9-ol. Sensory evaluation of orange juice with and without S. cumini crude extract addition did not show any significant differences in the sensorial profile, discriminative and acceptance tests.
Acetate Versus Sulfur Deprivation Role in Creating Anaerobiosis in Light for Hydrogen Production by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Spirulina platensis: Two Different Organisms and Two Different Mechanisms

This work was devoted to separate acetate role in creating anaerobiosis from that of sulfur deprivation. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii grown in TAP (Tris–acetate–phosphate) medium was resuspended in sulfur‐replete or ‐deprived medium in sealed or nonsealed cultures. Sulfur deprivation was substantial for starch accumulation and hydrogen evolution; however, acetate induced anaerobiosis in the presence or absence of sulfur in only sealed cultures. In nonsealed cultures, Chlamydomonas did not lose its photosynthetic activity; however, it was arrested in anoxia with no photosynthetic activity as long as the culture was sealed. The sealed cultures resumed photosynthesis upon unsealing overnight unless the cells died by anoxia at late stage of the experiment. These results indicate that the enhanced oxygen consumption for the enormous acetate respiration and inhibition of the external oxygen supply in sealed cultures of Chlamydomonas are the main reasons for the steady anaerobic conditions. Although acetate was substantial for creating anaerobiosis in Chlamydomonas, sulfur deprivation alone could create anaerobiosis in Spirulina platensis grown autotrophically. Hydrogen evolution and glycogen accumulation were induced under such conditions. Severely reduced phycocyanin, chlorophyll and photosynthesis, while respiration had increased, induced anaerobiosis in Spirulina. This study reports for the first time anaerobiosis under autotrophic conditions in a cyanobacterium.
Epigenetics and MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate protein-coding genes post transcriptionally in higher eukaryotes. Argonaute proteins are important in miRNA regulation and are also implicated in epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications and DNA methylation. Here, we review miRNA regulation and outline its connections to epigenetics.
How to Characterize Yield Stress Fluids with Capillary Breakup Extensional Rheometry (CaBER)?

© Appl. Rheol. 19 (2009) 41969 Abstract: Filament breakup of high viscosity fluids with apparent yield stress has been investigated and strategies for an appropriate characterization of their behavior in CaBER experiments are discussed. Filament profiles of such fluids exhibit significant concave curvature. Accurate determination of filament shape is mandatory for understanding deformation behavior. Therefore, we have set up an optical train including high-speed camera, telecentric objective and telecentric back-light illumination with a blue light emitting diode (LED) providing high contrast filament shape imaging. Image analysis allows for diameter determination with an accuracy of 3.55 mm/pixel. In addition to the transient filament diameter at the neck we have extracted the curvature at this point as a function of time and the region of deformation, in order to characterize the extensional flow behavior. We have investigated the time evolution of filament shape as a function of various experimental parameters like stretching time, velocity profile during stretching, stretching ratio and initial sample volume at constant stretching ratio. Filament thinning is independent of stretching time, ts and stretching velocity profile. But when the same stretching ratio is applied at different initial volume fraction, filament curvature increases strongly with decreasing sample volume leading to an increase of filament life time according to the negative contribution of its curvature to the Laplace pressure inside the fluid.
Diagnosis of Hyperglycemia in a Cohort of Brazilian Subjects

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) represent intermediate states between normal fasting glucose (NFG) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT), respectively, and diabetes (1). The regulation of fasting and glucose concentrations after an oral glucose load is dependent on different physiological mechanisms (2), and current evidence suggests that IFG and IGT have different pathophysiologies (3,4). Measurement of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is the most frequently used screening test for diabetes. However, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) might be a preferable test because FPG underestimates the severity of glucose intolerance (5,6) and because IFG and IGT define two distinct populations with only partial overlap (5,7,8). The present study was undertaken to compare insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion profiles associated with different stages of hyperglycemia as assessed by FPG only or by FPG and 2-h plasma glucose during an OGTT. We analyzed data from 900 subjects without previously known diabetes who underwent an OGTT for diagnostic purposes at Fleury Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil. A double-glycemic status was determined for each subject. A first set was based on FPG only as follows: NFG (FPG …
Different electrospray tandem mass spectrometric approaches for rapid characterization of phospholipid classes of Curosurf, a natural pulmonary surfactant.

Curosurf is a pulmonary surfactant used in the treatment or prophylaxis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. It contains low molecular weight hydrophobic apoproteins and a series of lipids including phosphatidylcholines, lisophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, sphingomyelins, phosphatidylinositols, phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylserines. In the present work, a rapid method to qualitatively map the Curosurf phospholipid classes without prior derivatization or chromatographic separations is described. In particular, a series of specific electrospray tandem mass spectrometric (ES-MS/MS) experiments, i.e. product ion, precursor ion and neutral loss scans, were chosen on the basis of the chemical nature of each phospholipid class and then used to identify single components of the commercial suspension, directly infused into the ion source of the mass spectrometer.
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Comparison of Amphotericin B (AMB) and Two Lipid-Associated AMB Preparations, Liposomal AMB and AMB Lipid Complex, in Murine Candidiasis Models

ABSTRACT It is generally accepted that the lipid formulations of amphotericin B (AMB) are not as potent as conventional AMB on a milligram-per-kilogram basis. We used a neutropenic murine disseminated candidiasis model to compare the in vivo potencies of AMB, liposomal AMB (L-AMB), and AMB lipid complex (ABLC) pharmacodynamically. The pharmacokinetics of the antifungals were examined in serum and in three organs commonly seeded in disseminated candidiasis (kidneys, liver, and lung). Both single-dose time-kill studies and multiple-dosing-regimen studies were used with each of the compounds. Determinations of the numbers of CFU in the kidneys were performed following the administration of three escalating single doses of the polyenes at various times over 48 h. The areas under the time-kill curves (AUTKs) for each dose level of the drugs were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA). In the multiple-dosing-regimen studies with five Candida isolates, AMB, L-AMB, and ABLC were administered daily for 72 h. The organism burdens in the mouse kidneys were similarly used as the treatment end point. Additional multiple regimen-dosing-studies were performed with a single Candida albicans isolate, and the microbiologic outcomes in four internal organs (kidneys, liver, spleen, and lung) were examined at the end of therapy (48 h). The relationship between the dose and the drug exposure expressed by the pharmacokinetics of the dosing regimens in serum and organ tissue were analyzed by using a maximum-effect model. ANOVA was used to compare the drug exposures necessary to achieve the 25% effective dose (ED25), ED50, ED75, and 1 log10 killing. Comparison of AUTKs suggested that AMB was 4.3- to 5.9-fold more potent than either ABLC or L-AMB. The time-kill curves for both lipid formulations were very similar. In the multiple-dosing-regimen studies, AMB was 5.0- to 8.0-fold more potent than each of the lipid formulations against five Candida isolates in the kidneys. Similar differences in potency (5.1- to 7.2-fold) were observed in the other end organs. The difference in pharmacokinetics in serum accounted for much of the difference in potency between AMB and ABLC (ratio of serum ABLC area under the curve of effective doses to serum AMB area under the curve of effective doses, 1.2). The differences in the kinetics in the various end organs between AMB and L-AMB were better at explaining the disparate potencies at these infection sites (ratio of organ L-AMB area under the curve of effective doses to organ AMB area under the curve of effective doses, 1.1).
Vers une formalisation de l'evaluation partielle

Cette these propose une formalisation de l'evaluation partielle. Elle fournit par ailleurs quelques outils d'aide a la construction d'evaluateurs partiels (correction des transformations, algorithme, terminaison). Elle est motivee par le constat de lacunes dans des fondements theoriques et dans des mises en uvre pratiques. L'une, notamment, tient au caractere informel de la problematique de l'evaluation partielle: determiner des programmes qui sont a la fois equivalents et plus performants qu'un programme donne. Afin de modeliser precisement la performance d'un programme, nous proposons tout d'abord un cadre general qui permet de representer le processus d'execution (par opposition a la semantique pure). Nous indiquons ensuite comment attribuer un cout a une execution et etudions plusieurs mesures d'efficacite. Cette presentation debouche sur une definition formelle de l'evaluation partielle en termes d'optimisation. Elle met egalement en evidence plusieurs notions d'evaluation partielle optimale. Cette approche est illustree d'exemples qui reposent sur la semantique naturelle et les schemas de programmes recursifs. Nous employons ces memes schemas pour etudier formellement la correction des transformations de pliage/depliage, transformations majeures de l'evaluation partielle. En particulier, nous etablissons quelques lemmes de commutativite sur les systemes de reecriture afin d'etendre le champ d'application des conditions de correction du depliage/pliage faible. D'autre part, nous donnons une definition formelle a l'algorithme de redemarrage generalise, montrons rigoureusement sa terminaison, et examinons quels bons criteres d'arret peuvent l'equiper. Nous concluons notre etude sur une analyse des limites a l'optimisation par evaluation partielle