Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Melatonin modulates autophagy through a redox‐mediated action in female Syrian hamster Harderian gland controlling cell types and gland activity

Abstract: The Syrian hamster Harderian gland exhibits sexually dimorphic porphyrin biosynthesis, wherein the female glands display an extraordinarily high concentration of porphyrins. Damage derived from this production of porphyrins, mediated by reactive oxygen species, causes the glands to develop autophagic processes, which culminate in detachment‐derived cell death; these cells normally play a central role in the secretory activity of the gland. The main aim of this study was to analyze how a change in the redox state impacts autophagy. Female Syrian hamsters were treated daily with melatonin (25 μg, subcutaneously) at ZT 10 for 1–2 months (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine), an endogenous antioxidant that ameliorates the deleterious effects of free radicals via a variety of mechanisms. The length of treatment affected the redox balance, the autophagy machinery, and the activation of p53 and NF‐κB. One‐month treatment displaces redox balance to the antioxidant side, promotes autophagy through a p53‐mediated mechanism, and increases cell detachment. Meanwhile, 2‐month treatment restores redox balance to the oxidant side, activates NF‐κB reducing autophagy to basal levels, increases number of type II cells, and reduces number of detached cells. Our results conclude that the redox state can modulate autophagy through redox‐sensitive transcriptions factors. Additionally, these findings support a hypothesis that ascribes differences in the autophagic‐lysosomal pathway to epithelial cell types, thereby restricting detachment‐induced autophagic cell death to epithelial cell type I.
Improving Skin Hydration and Age-related Symptoms by Oral Administration of Wheat Glucosylceramides and Digalactosyl Diglycerides: A Human Clinical Study

Ceramides are known to play a key role in the skin’s barrier function. An age-dependent decrease in ceramides content correlates with cutaneous clinical signs of dryness, loss of elasticity, and increased roughness. The present placebo-controlled clinical study aims to evaluate if an oral supplementation with glucosylceramides (GluCers) contained in a wheat polar lipids complex (WPLC) was able to improve such skin conditions. Sixty volunteers presenting dry and wrinkled skin were supplemented during 60 days with either a placebo or a WPLC extract in oil or powder form (1.7 mg GluCers and 11.5 mg of digalactosyldiglycerides (DGDG)). Skin parameters were evaluated at baseline and after 15, 30, and 60 days of supplementation. Oral intake of WPLC significantly increased skin hydration (p < 0.001), elasticity, and smoothness (p < 0.001), and decreased trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) (p < 0.001), roughness (p < 0.001), and wrinkledness (p < 0.001) in both WPLC groups compared to placebo. In both WPLC treated groups, all parameters were significantly improved in a time-dependent manner compared to baseline. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the positive effect of oral supplementation with GluCers on skin parameters and could reasonably reinforce the observations made on mice that orally-supplied sphingolipids can reach the skin.
Substance use, health and social problems of service users at 54 drug treatment agencies

Background The National Treatment Outcome Research Study (NTORS) is the first large-scale, prospective, multi-site treatment outcome study of drug users in the UK. Method Substance use, health and social problems of 1075 service users were assessed at intake to 54 agencies chosen to be representative of the main national drug treatment modalities. Results Heroin dependence was the most frequently reported problem often with poly-drug and alcohol problems. Most service users injected drugs and & quarter of the injectors shared injecting equipment. Poly-drug use and heavy drinking were more common among service users admitted to residential treatments. High criminality rates were reported Psychological and physical health problems were common and many service users had prior contact with psychiatric and medical services. Conclusions The range and severity of problems adversely affect individual users, their families, and present & challenge to addiction treatment services. These problems create costs for the health care, social service and criminal justice system responses.
Extension and use of KMRCRelat algorithm for biological problems

The main goal of this paper is to present a new extension of KMRCRelat algorithm allowing Word Train searches. First, we recall the fundamental lemma of our KMRCRelat algorithm and we focus on the concept of flexible relational repeated words. Then, we introduce the concept of Word Trains and we show, in deep, the needed modification and extension to include such features in this algorithm. To illustrate Word Train searches, we present all details about KMRCRelat extension computation steps. We also show how this new extension is applicable to the characterization of short tandem repeat in DNA sequence providing an alternative way to solve originally this known problem in sequence analysis. Before concluding by introducing other possible KMRCRelat applications, the paper expands a set of experimental results obtained when applied to locus identification problem.
Designing a New Detection Scheme In Order To Improve Spatial Resolution of the OFDR-Based Distributed Optical Sensors

Distributed optical sensors use one of the three optical Reflectometry methods to measure their desired feature. This paper surveys Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) method. A major part of the distributed sensor is its detection part which significantly affects the system's performance. There are four popular detection schemes two of which have been combined and simulated in a new detection scheme. Finally the effects of this new structure are presented for the improvement of the spatial resolution and noise reduction in sensing system.
Edge flows: Improving information transmission in mobile devices using two-dimensional vibrotactile flows

Vibrotactile flows refer to vibrotactile sensations that move continuously on the surface of a mobile device. They have been studied to render one-dimensional illusory movements using two actuators. In this work, we extend the dimension of vibrotactile flows to two dimensions by means of edge flows-vibrotactile flows that rotate along the edges of a rectangular mobile device, rendered using four actuators placed at its four corners. We designed 32 edge flows and carried out a longitudinal user study in order to measure the information transmission capacity of edge flows, while looking into the effects of practice and correct-answer feedback on the identification accuracy of edge flows. Results showed that the information transmission capacity of the edge flows was 3.70 bits, which is greater than for most previous studies; that some extent of practice is required for robust identification, but it can take place quickly; and that correct-answer feedback is advantageous but its degree of improvement was less than that of repeated practice. Our findings can contribute to enlarging the design space of tactile stimuli for robust transmission of abstract information to mobile device users.
Targeting of p 38 MAP Kinase Inhibits Thrombin-induced NF-κ B Activation and ICAM-1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

We investigated the mechanisms by which elevated intracellular cAMP concentration inhibits the thrombin-induced ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to forskolin or dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP), which increase intracellular cAMP by separate mechanisms, inhibited the thrombin-induced ICAM-1 expression. This effect of cAMP was secondary to inhibition of NF-κB activity, the key regulator of thrombin-induced ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. The action of cAMP occurred downstream of IκBα degradation and was independent of NF-κB binding to the ICAM1 promoter. We observed that cAMP interfered with thrombin-induced phosphorylation of NFκBp65 (RelA) subunit, a crucial event promoting the activation of the DNA-bound NF-κB. As p38 MAP kinase can induce transcriptional activity of RelA/p65 without altering the DNA binding function of NF-κB, we addressed the possibility that cAMP antagonizes thrombininduced NF-κB activity and ICAM-1 expression by preventing the activation of p38 MAP kinase. We observed that treating cells with forskolin blocked the activation of p38 MAP kinase and inhibition of p38 MAP kinase interfered with phosphorylation of RelA/p65 induced by thrombin. Our data demonstrate that increased intracellular cAMP concentration in endothelial cells prevents thrombin-induced ICAM-1 expression by inhibiting p38 MAP kinase activation, which in turn prevents phosphorylation of RelA/p65 and transcriptional activity of the bound NFκB.
Isolation and identification of EST‐SSR markers in Ixonanthes chinensis (Ixonanthaceae)

Premise Ixonanthes (Ixonanthaceae) consists of between three and 19 species, among which I. chinensis and I. khasiana are considered vulnerable. Here, 58 microsatellite markers were developed for further conservation of these two Ixonanthes species. Methods and Results RNA transcripts of I. chinensis were sequenced and assembled into 19,545 unigenes, and 994 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified from 920 contigs. Based on these, 106 primer pairs were designed, 58 were successfully amplified, and 12 demonstrated polymorphism among five populations. The number of alleles per locus varied from three to 10, and the levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and 0.000 to 0.844, respectively. Further assessment of the transferability of the 58 amplifiable primers reported 30 being successfully cross‐amplified in I. icosandra and three in Erythroxylum sinense. Conclusions These novel SSR markers will be useful for future genetic conservation studies on these Ixonanthes species.
Tunneling Magnetoresistive Sensors for High-Frequency Corona Discharge Location

Locating corona discharges is essential for the safe operation and the reliability of smart grid. This paper proposed a novel method for corona discharge location based on tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors. A dual-axial TMR sensor device was designed to measure the vector magnetic field. The sensor's responses to the corona discharge magnetic field have been compared with the results of standard probes and proved to be practicable. The location algorithm based on the vector magnetic field measurement results of sensor array indicated a relative error of approximately 10%, which was reasonable for the practical application. This method fully utilizes the merits of the sensors and provides a promising solution for corona discharge location.
Purification and Characterization ofglpX-Encoded Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphatase, a New Enzyme of the Glycerol 3-Phosphate Regulon of Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT In Escherichia coli, gene products of theglp regulon mediate utilization of glycerol andsn-glycerol 3-phosphate. The glpFKX operon encodes glycerol diffusion facilitator, glycerol kinase, and as shown here, a fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase that is distinct from the previously described fbp-encoded enzyme. The purified enzyme was dimeric, dependent on Mn2+ for activity, and exhibited an apparent Km of 35 μM for fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The enzyme was inhibited by ADP and phosphate and activated by phosphoenolpyruvate.
Arabidopsis NIP2;1, a Major Intrinsic Protein Transporter of Lactic Acid Induced by Anoxic Stress*

Nodulin 26 intrinsic proteins (NIPs) are plant-specific, highly conserved water and solute transport proteins with structural and functional homology to soybean nodulin 26. Arabidopsis thaliana contains nine NIP genes. In this study, it is shown that one of these, AtNIP2;1, is exquisitely sensitive to water logging and anoxia stress. Based on quantitative PCR and promoter::GUS experiments, AtNIP2;1 is expressed at a low basal level in the root tips and the vascular bundle of differentiated roots. Transcript levels are elevated acutely and rapidly upon water logging of root or leaf tissues, increasing 70-fold in roots within the 1st h of submersion. After this large initial increase, mRNA levels decline to steady state levels that remain over 10-fold higher by 6 h post-submersion. An even greater induction of AtNIP2;1 expression was observed upon anoxia challenge of Arabidopsis seedlings, with a 300-fold increase in AtNIP2;1 transcript observed by 2 h after the initiation of oxygen deprivation. Functional analysis of AtNIP2;1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes shows that the protein differs from soybean nodulin 26, showing minimal water and glycerol transport. Instead, AtNIP2;1 displays transport of lactic acid, with a preference for the protonated acidic form of this weak acid. Overall, the data suggest that AtNIP2;1 is an anaerobic-induced gene that encodes a lactic acid transporter and may play a role in adaptation to lactic fermentation under anaerobic stress.
Natural radioactivity and human mitochondrial DNA mutations

Radioactivity is known to induce tumors, chromosome lesions, and minisatellite length mutations, but its effects on the DNA sequence have not previously been studied. A coastal peninsula in Kerala (India) contains the world's highest level of natural radioactivity in a densely populated area, offering an opportunity to characterize radiation-associated DNA mutations. We sampled 248 pedigrees (988 individuals) in the high-radiation peninsula and in nearby low-radiation islands as a control population. We sequenced their mtDNA, and found that the pedigrees living in the high-radiation area have significantly (P < 0.01) increased germ-line point mutations between mothers and their offspring. In each mutation case, we confirmed maternity by autosomal profiling. Strikingly, the radioactive conditions accelerate mutations at nucleotide positions that have been evolutionary hot spots for at least 60,000 years.
Optimization of Wavefront Aberration for Shanghai Superintense Ultrafast Laser Facility by Double Deformable Mirrors

A peak intensity of 1022W/cm2 was achieved with an f/2.5 off-axis parabolic (OAP)mirror after the wavefront aberration being optimized by double deformable mirrors in the Shanghai super-intense ultrafast laser facility (SULF). © 2019 The Author(s)
Overexpression of 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in visceral adipose tissue and portal hypercortisolism in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

The enzyme 11β‐hydroxysteroid‐dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) catalyses the reactivation of intracellular cortisol. We explored the potential role of 11β‐HSD1 overexpression in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) assessing sequential changes of enzyme expression, in hepatic and adipose tissue, and the occurrence of portal hypercortisolism in obese mice. 11β‐HSD1 expression was also assessed in tissues from obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
The patterns of skills of science process in discovery learning: a case study of science learning in coffee plantation school

The utilization of local wisdom in an area is very important to maintain the continuity and sustainability of local wisdom in that area. Coffee plantation is one of the local wisdoms in Jember region with the majority of the population earn their living as coffee farmers, so it is very important to combinelearning with coffee plantation. Based on the results of the need analysis questionnaire that had been carried out at schools around the coffee plantations in Jember Regency, teachers were not implementing discovery learning that links with the environment, especially coffee plantation. In addition, science process skills were not empowered in the learning process. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of patterns of science process skills in Discovery learning at coffee plantation areas. The research subjects in this research were VII grade students of SMP/MTs at the coffee plantation area in Jember Regency, Academic Year of 2018/2019. The data analysis used in this research was descriptive quantitative and qualitative. The data of this research were analyzed using Performance Tests. The results of this research showed that the patterns of science process skills in discovery learning can train the students in science process skills. The patterns of science process skills is very effective to train the students in the students’ science process skills.
Outpatient Osteopathic Single Organ System Musculoskeletal Exam Form Series: Validation of the Outpatient Osteopathic SOS Musculoskeletal Exam Form, a New Standardized Medical Record

Abstract The authors validate the Outpatient Osteopathic SOS (Single Organ System) Musculoskeletal Exam Form (SOS MSEF), a 1-page form contained within the 4-page Outpatient Osteopathic Single Organ System Musculoskeletal Exam Form Series (SOS-FS). Handwritten physician progress notes (PPNs) in the medical record (considered to be the “gold standard” for clinical records) were compared with information placed on the SOS MSEF for the same patient encounter. Data recorded by 14 trained and certified investigators on the standardized SOS MSEF—which was designed for use with the previously validated Outpatient Osteopathic SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) Note Form (SNF)—was compared with data recorded by the same investigators in PPNs. The authors compared the accuracy and efficiency of physicians recording musculoskeletal information in these two formats for 165 patient encounters. Descriptive statistics and t tests were used to compare data recorded after patient encounters. Ninety-seven variables input from the PPNs or SOS MSEFs were significantly different at the P ≤ . 05 level, whereas 38 variables were not. Insufficient data was recorded for a determination of significance in 3 variables. For 121 variables, more data were recorded using the SOS MSEFs than PPNs; for 84 variables, the amount of data recorded exceeded twice that recorded using PPNs. For 10 variables, more data were recorded in PPNs; however, these differences were not significant. The authors conclude that the SOS MSEF is superior to PPNs for recording patient-encounter data in the osteopathic care setting. Moreover, they argue that the use of the validated SOS MSEF nationwide would ensure that osteopathic physicians would be recording data in a similar manner for uniform insurance claim coding, easy tracking of physicians-in-training and patient outcomes, and data collection for future research.
Numerical studies of deep bed filtration

NUMERICAL STUDIES OF DEEP BED FILTRATION by Chan-Gyun Shin Deep bed filtration is a process used to separate small solid particles suspended in a fluid by using granular solids as the collecting medium. The filter efficiency depends on many parameters such as the Reynolds number, particle drag coefficient, the ratio of the diameter of injected, and filter particles, etc. In the present work we model the porous media flow (solution of the Navier-Stokes equations) by using a computer code developed by Dr. P. Singh and we restrict our analysis to the case of two dimensional periodic porous media. The computational domain is discretized using the finite element method. In our simulation, the fluid is passing through the periodic porous medium. One of our objectives is to estimate the range of the drag force that can effect filter efficiency. We study in detail, a range of drag coefficients depending on the Reynolds number, the filter efficiency depending on the size of particle injected, and the number of particles. Last, we study the evolution of the distribution of trapped particles in the filter. In our model, we find that the filter efficiency is not changed until the drag coefficient, CD is 10. But in the range of drag coefficient from 10 to 100, the filter efficiency is changed. We find that the filter efficiency is not effected by the number of particles injected and the time step, At in the range of 0.0001 — 0.1. We found that about 40 % of the particles were trapped in top part of the filter. And we can find very similar results when the Reynolds number is 1, 16.556, or 100. The particle distribution results are in qualitative agreement with the available experimental data by Ghidaglia, Arcangelis, Hinch, and Guazzelli [1]. NUMERICAL STUDIES OF DEEP BED FILTRATION
Data compression of Chinese character patterns

Data compression methods of Chinese character patterns are presented, which are mainly used for the output printing from computer. Various methods have been tried aiming at the smallest amount of data storage, the reproduction of artistic character fonts, and so on. Among others, dot pattern representation is the most popular methods actually used for representing Chinese characters. There are many other methods, such as contour coding, skeleton representation, and syntactic construction from subpatterns. The details of these are explained with a brief introduction of some general properties of Chinese characters per se used in Japan.
MPSC: A Multiple-Perspective Semantics-Crossover Model for Matching Sentences

Sentence matching is crucial to many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Generally, the degree of matching is measured from either of the two perspectives: topic-based match or semantic-based match. The former is to investigate if two sentences discuss the same topic, and the latter performs a deep level semantic matching of texts, which is currently the highlight in research. Deep semantic matching requires adequate modeling from the internal structure of the language objects as well as their interactions. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes a multiple-perspective semantics-crossover (MPSC) model for modeling the semantic-based match of two sentences. The model extracts the matching information of two sentences from the semantic interaction information generated from different angles, so as to calculate the matching degree of the two sentences. The MPSC model not only captures rich matching patterns at different levels but also acquires interactive features from different semantic angles. It can be used to address some important issues in NLP fields, such as information matching in text retrieval, question–answer matching in the Q&A system, and so on. The experimental results show that our proposed model of MPSC has better effectiveness than some popular semantic matching approaches.