Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Low Power Cyber-Attack Detection and Isolation Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are effective tools in many mission-critical applications, such as health care, defence applications, Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), smart grid and industrial condition monitoring. Low power consumption is the main attractive feature of WSNs, hence, protocols and algorithms implemented in WSNs should always maintain low power operation. Cybersecurity of WSNs in mission- critical applications is one of the major design aspects of these networks. However, implementing security mechanisms in WSNs is a challenging task due to the limited computation and power resources of the sensor nodes. Therefore, WSN security mechanisms should not only focus on maintaining high reliability and throughput needed by mission- critical applications, but also should maintain low power operation. In this paper, we develop a low power WSN cybersecurity mechanism suitable for mission-critical applications. Our mechanism can detect and isolate various attacks, such as denial of sleep, forge and replay attacks in an energy efficient way. Simulation results show that our mechanism can outperform existing techniques in terms of power consumption and reliability.
A Multidimensional Scaling Study of Esophageal Vowels

Abstract A multidimensional scaling experiment was conducted to determine the perceptual structure of 11 American English vowels produced by a competent esophageal speaker. Estimates of perceptual distance among these vowels were obtained using a 9-point similarity/dissimilarity scale and were analyzed using an individual differences scaling algorithm (INDSCAL). A three-dimensional perceptual space was produced. The three perceptual dimensions corresponded to tongue advancement, vowel height, and rhotacization. These three dimensions were then correlated with selected bark scale transformed acoustic vowel measurements. The perceptual dimensions 1–3 corresponded most closely to F3-F2, F1-F₀, and F3, respectively. Little difference was found between the perceptual structure of esophageal vowels and laryngeal vowels, although it is suggested that the correlation between some of the acoustic measures (such as F₀) and the perceptual dimensions may change as a function of individual speaker differences due to postsurgical capabilities (anatomical and physiological) and/or method of voice restoration.
B‐staged epoxy/single‐walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite thin films for composite reinforcement

B-staged epoxy/single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) nanocomposite thin films at 50% cure were prepared to improve the conductivity and mechanical performance of laminated composites. The SWCNTs were functionalized by oxidation and subsequent grafting with polyamidoamine generation-zero dendrimers. The epoxy nanocomposites containing SWCNTs were successfully cast into thin films by the manipulation of the degree of cure and the viscosity of the epoxy. Raman microscopy characterization revealed that the thin films exhibited a high degree of SWCNT dispersion in the epoxy. The B-staged thin films were seamlessly integrated into laminated composite systems upon heating and could serve as interleaves to improve the conductivity and mechanical strength of laminated fiber composite systems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Sugars, hormones, and environment affect the dormancy status in underground adventitious buds of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)

Abstract Signals from both leaves and apical or axillary meristems of leafy spurge are known to inhibit root bud growth. To test the hypothesis that carbohydrates and growth regulators affect root bud growth, decapitated leafy spurge plants were hydroponically treated with glucose, sucrose, gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, paclobutrazol. Both glucose and sucrose caused suppression of root bud growth at concentrations of 30 mM. The inhibitory effect of sucrose was counteracted by GA at 15 μM. In contrast, BA, ABA, NAA, and paclobutrazol inhibited root bud growth at concentrations as low as 1, 2, 1, and 16 μM, respectively. Sugar and starch levels were also determined in root buds at various times after decapitation. Buds of intact plants contained the highest level of sucrose compared with buds harvested 1, 3, and 5 d after decapitation. To determine how seasonal changes affect root bud dormancy, growth from root buds of field-grown plants was monitored for several years. Root buds of field-grown leafy spurge had the highest level of innate dormancy from October to November, which persisted until a prolonged period of freezing occurred in November or early December. Our data support the hypothesis that carbohydrates may be involved in regulating dormancy status in root buds of leafy spurge. Nomenclature: Leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L. EPHES.
Enterprise systems’ life cycle in pursuit of resilient smart factory for emerging aircraft industry: a synthesis of Critical Success Factors’(CSFs), theory, knowledge gaps, and implications

ABSTRACT The research aims to investigate business value critical success factors (CSFs) of enterprise systems (ES) through their life cycle in pursuit of resilient smart factory for emerging aircraft industry. This article provides an extensive literature analysis of past 22 years based on conscientious criteria of authors: (i) who have published strategic content relevant to CSFs, (ii) received more than 300 citations and (iii) concurrently published two or more papers relevant to ES CSFs. The most cited strategic CSFs were termed as classical CSFs. The 22 CSFs were identified, validated and synthesised for better understanding of success across life cycle by aircraft industry experts. The top 10 empirically verified CSFs have numerous differences with past generic classical CSFs. This article canvases real insights of two distinct views: process and variance approaches of the ES CSFs. The process approach, which is a neglected research area, facilitates the researchers for identification of ES life cycle process coupled with a view of resource deployment when it is needed the most. While the variance approach facilitates practitioners and researchers in finding out which resource (CSF) is relatively more important. The significant findings for ES life cycle can help the practitioners and researchers to make rational decisions throughout the ES life cycle.
Polymorphism observed in mitochondrial genes of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) of different origin in laboratory cultures

Abstract Tribolium castaneum, a pest of stored grain, has a uniform morphology, preventing the visual identification of strains from different areas. Polymorphisms in the nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genes of this species were examined, and combined into seven haplotypes among the test insect specimens originating from Japan, Thailand, and Canada. These results suggested the potential for geographical differentiation.
Dynamic Rheological Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene Filled With Nano-Calcium Carbonate Modified by Stearic Acid Coating

2 wt% and 6 wt% stearic acid (SA)-coated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles were compounded with isotactic polypropylene (iPP). Small-amplitude oscillatory shear tests were used to study the linear viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposite melts. The filler loading at which the composites exhibited the terminal modulus plateau was found to be much lower in the 6 wt% SA-coated particle composites than in the 2 wt% counterpart, and at the same filler content, apparently higher dynamic moduli and complex viscosities at low frequencies were shown in the former. The characteristics of pseudo-solid-like behavior almost disappeared in the 2 wt% SA-coated particle composites as the gap distance increased but were still observed in the 6 wt% counterpart. The results indicate that the dispersion of nanoparticles played a critical role in the motion of the macromolecular chains. At the same filler loading, the mobility of the iPP melts was more severely restricted by properly coated and well-dispersed nanoparticles than by aggregates due to insufficient coating.
Materials in the primary circuit of water-cooled power reactors

The first part of this study deals with the various forms of selective corrosion in austenitic chromium-nickel steels, 'Inconel' 600 and 'Incoloy' 800 under the various service conditions obtaining in light-water reactors. Particular reference is made to the phenomenon of intercrystalline stress corrosion. Results of the authors' corrosion tests are presented and these are discussed with reference to recent results obtained elsewhere and service experience with boiling water and pressurized water reactors. The adoption of 'Incoloy' with 800 as tubing alloy for steam-raising plant instead of 'Inconel' 600 is described. The second part deals with problems of crack initiation during fabrication of low-alloy steel. The reason for this was the world-wide occurrence of so-called undercladding cracks in steels ASTM A 508 grade 2 (22 NiMoCr37) and ASTM A 533 Grade B Category 1. It is shown that this is a special form of stress-relief cracking to which this type of steel is susceptible. Investigations of such cracking are reported. it is proposed to introduce the concept of relaxation embrittlement as a reason for such cracking. A detailed presentation of this is made. (auth)
SPR surface enhanced fluorescence with a gold-coated corrugated sensor chip

Our ultimate objective is to develop a low-cost, surface-enhanced fluorescence microarray detection system for highly multiplexed bioassays based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) coupled fluorescence. For convenience we refer to this approach as SPREFE (SPR-coupled Enhanced Fluorescence Emission). Our implementation employs grating coupler sensor chips that consist of gold-coated plastic substrates with a periodic surface profile that enables resonant coupling of incident optical radiation into surface plasmons. With this architecture, emission from fluorophores suitably bound to ligands on the chip is modified in two striking ways: first, excitation is enhanced by the evanescent plasmon field, and second emission is highly directional, which can significantly improve optical collection efficiency. In this work we explore the feasibility of this approach for biodetection.
Detangling the evolutionary developmental integration of dentate jaws: evidence that a p63 gene network regulates odontogenesis exclusive of mandible morphogenesis

Vertebrate jaws and dentitions fit and function together, yet the genetic processes that coordinate cranial and dental morphogenesis and evolution remain poorly understood. Teeth but not jaws fail to form in the edentate p63−/− mouse mutant, which we used here to identify genes important to odontogenesis, but not jaw morphogenesis, and that may allow dentitions to change during development and evolution without necessarily affecting the jaw skeleton. With the working hypothesis that tooth and jaw development are autonomously controlled by discreet gene regulatory networks, using gene expression microarray assays validated by quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR we contrasted expression in mandibular prominences at embryonic days (E) 10–13 of mice with normal lower jaw development but either normal (p63+/−, p63+/+) or arrested (p63−/−) tooth development. The p63−/− mice showed significantly different expression (fold change ≥2, ≤−2; P ≤ 0.05) of several genes. Some of these are known to help regulate odontogenesis (e.g., p63, Osr2, Cldn3/4) and/or to be targets of p63 (e.g., Jag1/2, Fgfr2); other genes have no previously reported roles in odontogenesis or the p63 pathway (e.g., Fermt1, Cbln1, Pltp, Krt8). As expected, from E10 to E13, few genes known to regulate mandible morphogenesis differed in expression between mouse strains. This study newly links several genes to odontogenesis and/or to the p63 signaling network. We propose that these genes act in a novel odontogenic network that is exclusive of lower jaw morphogenesis, and posit that this network evolved in oral, not pharyngeal, teeth.
Artificial Neural Network modeling and performance optimization on biodiesel production process.

In meeting with the challenge of energy crisis, biodiesel emerges as an important renewable and environmental-friendly fuel to support the world demand. To enable the industrial process to be more efficient, understanding on the process characteristic of biodiesel production through modeling is crucial for process optimization and control. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to predict the dynamic trending for 10 reaction components based on the input parameter of time. The ANN used is feed-forward type with single hidden layer and coupled with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithm. To illustrate the capability of ANN, the case study from literature with base-catalyzed transesterification on Jatropha curcas-waste food oil mixture with potassium hydroxide as catalyst is presented. The input neuron represents time and the output neurons are concentrations of all 10 reaction components inclusive of catalyst, free fatty acid and soap. The trained 3-layer ANN had shown the most satisfied performance with low number of hidden neurons. No significant improvement noted from the changes of initial range of weights and biases. The newly proposed updating method for damping factor in LM algorithm had reduced the number of epochs and thus improved the simulation time against the default method. Setting the updating factor of damping factor to be higher than unity is noted to contribute to lower number of epochs. The optimized ANN has shown great performance and potential for the application on real process modeling and control in biodiesel production process.
Mechanical properties of injection molded long fiber polypropylene composites, Part 1: Tensile and flexural properties

Innovative polymers and composites are broadening the range of applications and commercial production of thermoplastics. Long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics have received much attention due to their processability by conventional technologies. This study describes the development of long fiber reinforced polypropylene (LFPP) composites and the effect of fiber length and compatibilizer content on their mechanical properties. LFPP pellets of different sizes were prepared by extrusion process using a specially designed radial impregnation die and these pellets were injection molded to develop LFPP composites. Maleic-anhydride grafted polypropylene (MA-g-PP) was chosen as a compatibilizer and its content was optimized by determining the interfacial properties through fiber pullout test. Critical fiber length was calculated using interfacial shear strength. Fiber length distributions were analyzed using profile projector and image analyzer software system. Fiber aspect ratio of more than 100 was achieved after injection molding. The results of the tensile and flexural properties of injection molded long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene with a glass fiber volume fraction of 0.18 are presented. It was found that the differences in pellet sizes improve the mechanical properties by 3–8%. Efforts are made to theoretically predict the tensile strength and modulus using the Kelly-Tyson and Halpin-Tsai model, respectively. POLYM. COMPOS. , 28:259–266, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastic Engineers
Findings and Recommendations on the Use of the Vibroscope

The vibroscope method of determining linear density of fibers is based on the prin ciple of the vibrating string, wherein the linear density is directly determined by tension and length of a fiber vibrating at resonance. In establishing a standard ASTM method for use of an instrument operating on this principle, the effect of three factors inherent in fibers had to be determined. These are (a) shape of fiber cross section. (b) area of cross section, and (c) Young's modulus. This paper is a report of the cooperative test program under ASTM auspices. Results indicated that equipment and procedure used without corrections for the effect of the various factors involved furnish reliable linear density measurements within about 5% of the denier value obtained.
Extended mortality results for prostate cancer screening in the PLCO trial with median follow‐up of 15 years

Two large‐scale prostate cancer screening trials using prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) have given conflicting results in terms of the efficacy of such screening. One of those trials, the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, previously reported outcomes with 13 years of follow‐up. This study presents updated findings from the PLCO trial.
Identification and validation of the dopamine agonist bromocriptine as a novel therapy for high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes and secondary acute myeloid leukemia

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a broad spectrum of diseases characterized by their clinical manifestation as one or more cytopenias, or a reduction in circulating blood cells. MDS is predominantly a disease of the elderly, with a median age in the UK of around 75. Approximately one third of MDS patients will develop secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) that has a very poor prognosis. Unfortunately, most standard cytotoxic agents are often too toxic for older patients. This means there is a pressing unmet need for novel therapies that have fewer side effects to assist this vulnerable group. This challenge was tackled using bioinformatic analysis of available transcriptomic data to establish a gene-based signature of the development and progression of MDS. This signature was then used to identify novel therapeutic compounds via statistically-significant connectivity mapping. This approach suggested re-purposing an existing and widely-prescribed drug, bromocriptine as a novel potential therapy in these disease settings. This drug has shown selectivity for leukemic cells as well as synergy with current therapies.
Underwater Object Segmentation Based on Optical Features

Underwater optical environments are seriously affected by various optical inputs, such as artificial light, sky light, and ambient scattered light. The latter two can block underwater object segmentation tasks, since they inhibit the emergence of objects of interest and distort image information, while artificial light can contribute to segmentation. Artificial light often focuses on the object of interest, and, therefore, we can initially identify the region of target objects if the collimation of artificial light is recognized. Based on this concept, we propose an optical feature extraction, calculation, and decision method to identify the collimated region of artificial light as a candidate object region. Then, the second phase employs a level set method to segment the objects of interest within the candidate region. This two-phase structure largely removes background noise and highlights the outline of underwater objects. We test the performance of the method with diverse underwater datasets, demonstrating that it outperforms previous methods.
Emotion recognition with facial expressions and physiological signals

This paper proposes a temporal information preserving multi-modal emotion recognition framework based on physiological and facial expression data streams. The performance of each component is evaluated and compared individually and after data fusion. Specifically, we compared the effect of different views of cameras on facial expressions for emotion recognition, and combined these views to achieve better performance. A Temporal Information Preserving Framework (TIPF) is proposed to more accurately model the relationships between emotional and physiological states over time. Additionally, different fusion strategies are compared when combining information from different time periods and modalities. The experiments show that, TIPF significantly improves the emotion recognition performance when physiological signals are used and the best performance is achieved when fusing facial expressions and physiological data.
Detection of Respiration Movement Asymmetry Between the Left and Right Lungs Using Mutual Information and Transfer Entropy

Using diagnostic imaging, asymmetry in the mechanic of the left and right lungs has been discovered in unilateral lung disease. Unilateral lung disease might affect information interaction between two lungs, which is often neglected in the study of lung function. In this paper, twenty-one subjects were recruited to collect bio-impedance respiratory signals of the left and right lungs. The differences of correlation and amplitude between the two respiratory signals were combined to verify three types of respiration movement: respiration symmetry (RS), respiration asymmetry type I (T1RA), and respiration asymmetry type II (T2RA). We extracted the correlation coefficient, mutual information (MI), and transfer entropy (TE) to evaluate lung function in these three types of lung respiration. Results showed that MI was significantly larger in RS than in T1RA and T2RA. TE in both directions (TE(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{L}\to \text{R}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and TE(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{R}\to \text{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>)) were significantly different in RS, T1RA, and T2RA. TE(<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{R}\to \text{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) increased progressively when shifting RS to T1RA and then to T2RA. The prominent direction of transferred information in two lungs was significantly different for T1RA and T2RA. The results indicate that MI is suitable parameters for detecting respiration symmetry and asymmetry. TE is a useful tool for detecting two respiration movement asymmetry. The results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying responsible for pulmonary ventilation redistribution and could provide novel clinical markers to evaluate asymmetry of two lungs effectively.
Cell‐assisted lipotransfer: Friend or foe in fat grafting? Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Autologous fat grafting is a common procedure for soft‐tissue reconstruction but is associated with a graft resorption rate ranging from 20% to 80%. To improve the fat graft survival rate, a new technique, called cell‐assisted lipotransfer (CAL), was developed. With CAL, fat is injected along with adipose‐derived stromal cells that are assumed to improve fat survival rate. We conducted an evidence‐based meta‐analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CAL as compared with conventional autologous fat grafting (non‐CAL). The databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, EBSCO, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for reports of clinical trials, case series, and cohorts available from 2008 to 2016. We conducted a meta‐analysis of the efficacy of CAL with data analysis concerning fat survival rate. The incidence of complications and the need for multiple procedures were evaluated to determine the safety of CAL. We identified 25 studies (696 patients) that were included in the systematic review; 16 studies were included in the meta‐analysis to evaluate the efficacy of CAL. The fat survival rate was significantly higher with CAL than non‐CAL (64% vs. 44%, p < .0001) independent of injection site (breast and face). This benefit of CAL was significant for only injection volumes <100 ml (p = .03). The two groups did not differ in frequency of multiple procedures after fat grafting, but the incidence of complications was greater with CAL than non‐CAL (8.4% vs. 1.5%, p = .0019). The CAL method is associated with better fat survival rate than with conventional fat grafting but only for small volumes of fat grafting (<100 ml). Nonetheless, the new technique is associated with more complications and did not reduce the number of surgical procedures needed after the first fat grafting. More prospective studies are required to draw clinical conclusions and to demonstrate the real benefit of CAL as compared with common autologous fat grafting.