Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LingPars, a Linguistically Inspired, Language-Independent Machine Learner for Dependency Treebanks

This paper presents a Constraint Grammar-inspired machine learner and parser, LingPars, that assigns dependencies to morphologically annotated treebanks in a function-centred way. The system not only bases attachment probabilities for PoS, case, mood, lemma on those features' function probabilities, but also uses topological features like function/PoS n-grams, barrier tags and daughter-sequences. In the CoNLL shared task, performance was below average on attachment scores, but a relatively higher score for function tags/deprels in isolation suggests that the system's strengths were not fully exploited in the current architecture.
Growth hormone effects on hypertrophic scar formation: a randomized controlled trial of 62 burned children

The hypercatabolism after massive pediatric burns has been effectively treated with recombinant human growth hormone, an anabolic agent that stimulates protein synthesis and abrogates growth arrest. While experimental studies have shown increased potential for fibrosis induced by growth hormone therapy, adverse effects on human scars have not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate hypertrophic scar formation in 62 patients randomized to receive injections of 0.05 mg/kg/day of recombinant human growth hormone or placebo, from discharge until 1 year after burn. Scar scales were used to evaluate scar‐severity at discharge, 6, 9, 12, and 18–24 months after burn, by three observers blinded to treatment. Computer‐assisted planimetry allowed quantification of percentage of hypertrophic scar formation. Types I and III collagens were localized and quantified in scars and normal skin of patients from both groups, using immunohistochemistry with confocal laser microscopy analysis. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 blood levels helped assess compliance. Statistical analysis showed that scar hypertrophy significantly increased from 6 to 12 months after injury in both groups, while decreasing at 18–24 months postburn. Types I and III collagens were statistically increased in the reticular layer of scars from both groups when compared to paired normal skin. Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 was significantly increased in the recombinant human growth factor‐treated group. No differences were seen when recombinant human growth factor and control groups were compared using the scar scales, planimetry, or immunohistochemistry. We concluded that recombinant human growth hormone therapy did not adversely affect scar formation and should not contraindicate the administration of recombinant human growth hormone as a therapeutic approach to severely burned children.
Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Predicts Progression of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy and Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Heart Transplant Patients

Background. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) in nontransplant patients. We evaluated the association between Lp-PLA2, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) assessed by 3D intravascular ultrasound, and incidence of cardiac adverse events in heart transplant recipients. Materials and Methods. Fasting blood samples were obtained and stored from a cross-section of 112 cardiac transplant recipients attending the Mayo cardiac transplant clinic in 2000 to 2001, mean of 4.7 years after transplant. Lp-PLA2 was measured in plasma aliquots using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Fifty-six of these patients subsequently underwent two 3D intravascular ultrasound studies in 2004 to 2006 12 months apart. Cardiovascular (CV) events included percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% secondary to CAV and CV death. Results. High Lp-PLA2 level was associated with increase in plaque volume (r=0.43, P=0.0026) and percent plaque volume (r=0.45, P=0.0004). The association remained significant after adjusting for clinical and lipid variables. During follow-up of 5.1±1.6 years, 24 CV adverse events occurred in 15 of 112 (13%) heart transplant patients. Lp-PLA2 level>236 ng/mL (higher tertile) identified a subgroup of patients having a 2.4-fold increase of relative risk for combined endpoint of CV events (percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG, LVEF<45%, and CV death; 95% CI 1.16–5.19, P=0.012) compared with patients with Lp-PLA2≤236 ng/mL. Conclusions. Lp-PLA2 is independently associated with progression of CAV and predicts a higher incidence of CV events and CV death in transplant patients. This finding supports the concept that systemic inflammation is an important mediator of CAV. Lp-PLA2 may be a useful marker for risk of CAV and a therapeutic target in posttransplant patients.
Data-oblivious external-memory algorithms for the compaction, selection, and sorting of outsourced data

We present data-oblivious algorithms in the external-memory model for compaction, selection, and sorting. Motivation for such problems comes from clients who use outsourced data storage services and wish to mask their data access patterns. We show that compaction and selection can be done data-obliviously using <i>O</i>(<i>N/B</i>) I/Os, and sorting can be done, with a high probability of success, using <i>O</i>(<i>N/B</i>) log<sub><i>M/B</i></sub>(<i>N/B</i>)) I/Os.
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and heparan sulfate proteoglycan production by cultured pigeon peritoneal macrophages

Proteoglycan production was examined in cultures of thioglycollate‐elicited peritoneal macrophages obtained from White Carneau and Show Racer pigeons. Following a 24‐h incubation in the presence of [35S]sulfate and [3H]serine, total production and distribution of 35S‐labeled proteoglycan into media (60–65%), pericellular (21–27%), and intracellular (13–14%) compartments was similar in White Carneau and Show Racer macrophage cultures. Media proteoglycans consisted of high‐molecular‐weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, low‐molecular‐weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan. High‐molecular‐weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was predominantly 6‐sulfated (80%) and contained a core protein larger than 200 kd, whereas low‐molecular‐weight chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan was 4‐sulfated and contained a 28‐kd core protein. Pericellular proteoglycan was similar in size to low‐molecular‐weight proteoglycan and consisted of a predominantly 6‐sulfated (75%) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Intracellular 35S‐labeled chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate were smaller than media and pericellular proteoglycans, suggestive of intracellular degradative processing.
Examining a Terrorist Network Using Contingency Table Analysis

Abstract : The information revolution of the 21st century has changed the nature of war to focus on the area of network-centric warfare. While the number and strength of dark networks continue to increase, the U.S. Department of Defense seeks to identify, predict, and counteract possible terrorist threats. The intelligence community is undertaking the seemingly impossible task of using the information that is currently available through social networks and military reports. This report will examine the Ali Baba data set that was created in 2003 for the National Security Agency (NSA) by Mark Jaworoski and Steve Pavlak. The Ali Baba data set contains fictitious Word documents that have recorded the actions of a suspected terrorist network. This report will demonstrate the use of statistics in examining terrorist organizations. Specifically, it will determine if contingency table analysis using the R programming language can be used to analyze a terrorist network.
A Theory for Model-Based Transformation Applied to Computer-Supported Preservation in Digital Archives

Model transformation has applications in many areas as, e.g., in model-driven software development or automated knowledge exchange. When applied, model transformations usually have in common that the transformation process shall preserve certain properties. In model-driven software development, e.g., abstract models are transformed into more specific ones while preserving the behavior of the specified software system. In this paper, we present a model transformation approach that implements a preservation-centric view. We introduce a formal preservation language that allows transformation algorithms to be computed automatically. Additionally, these generated transformations can be proven to respect specified preservation requirements. We demonstrate our approach using a systems specification example that stems from the digital archiving world. We specify a Web-archiving system that consists of two components each of which uses its own Website model for storage. Internal processes necessitate exchanging Websites between these two components and, thus, model transformation. We apply our preservation language and show how the algorithm generation procedure generates a transformation algorithm that guarantees an unchanged external view on the transformed Websites
Long-Term Quality of Life and Hospital Mortality in Patients Treated with Intermittent or Continuous Hemodialysis for Acute Renal and Respiratory Failure

Objective. To describe long-term quality of life, intensive care, and hospital mortality in patients with acute renal and respiratory failure treated with one of two methods of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Design. Cross-sectional survey of long-term survivors from a prospective observational study of two methods of RRT. Setting. A combined surgical and medical intensive care unit in a university hospital. Patients and participants. One hundred and twenty-six patients with acute renal and respiratory failure who required treatment with RRT and mechanical ventilation. Interventions. 1. RRT for acute renal failure was with either continuous hemodialysis with ultrafiltration using biocompatible membranes and prostacyclin and heparin anticoagulation (CHDF) or intermittent hemodialysis using cuprophane membranes and heparin anticoagulation (IHD); 2. Health-related quality of life in long-term survivors was assessed with the SF-36 (HRQL) questionnaire. Measurements and main results. 1. There was no difference in ICU mortality (73.5%[39/53] IHD vs. 71.8%[46/64] CHDF, P = NS) or hospital mortality (83%[44/53] IHD vs. 76.5% [49/64] CHDF, P = NS) between the two RRT treatment groups. By 1999, there were 16 surviving patients; 2. Twelve of these survivors completed SF-36 forms (10 CHDF vs. 2 IHD). The overall physical health summary score and scores for seven of the health domains were significantly reduced. The mental health summary score and the domain mental health score did not differ from the general population. Conclusions. 1. The method of RRT used in ICU patients with ARF had no influence on survival; 2. The long-term survivors of multi-organ failure have poor physical health.
3′3-Diindolylmethane inhibits migration, invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing FAK signaling

Late stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually has a low survival rate because it has high potential of metastases and there is no effective cure. 3′3-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is the major product of the acid-catalyzed oligomerization of indole-3-carbinol present in cruciferous vegetables. DIM has been proved to exhibit anticancer properties. In this study, we explored the effects and molecular mechanisms of anti-metastasis of DIM on HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. We chose two HCC cell lines SMMC-7721 and MHCC-97H that have high potential of invasion. The results showed that DIM inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of these two cell lines in vitro. In addition, in vivo study demonstrated that DIM significantly decreased the volumes of SMMC-7721 orthotopic liver tumor and suppressed lung metastasis in nude mice. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is found over activated in HCC cells. We found that DIM decreased the level of phospho-FAK (Tyr397) both in vitro and in vivo. DIM inhibition of phospho-FAK (Tyr397) led to down-regulation of MMP2/9 and decreased potential of metastasis. DIM also repressed the migration and invasion induced by vitronectin through inactivation of FAK pathway and down-regulation of MMP2/9 in vitro. We also found that pTEN plays a role in down-regulation of FAK by DIM. These results demonstrated that DIM blocks HCC cell metastasis by suppressing tumor cell migration and invasion. The anti-metastasis effect of DIM could be explained to be its down-regulated expression and activation of MMP2/9 partly induced by up-regulation of pTEN and inhibition of phospho-FAK (Tyr397).
Reproducibility of functional transcranial Doppler sonography in determining hemispheric language lateralization.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Since functional transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (fTCD) allows convenient and fully automated quantification of language lateralization, it seems ideal for longitudinal studies of perfusion changes during deterioration as well as recovery of language functions. However, during serial examinations, the technical, stochastic, and physiological variabilities of cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFV) have to be considered. Therefore, before fTCD is accepted as a tool for evaluation of changes in lateralization in the diseased state, its reliability in healthy subjects needs to be determined. METHODS We performed fTCD during a word generation task based on a previously validated technique with automated calculation of the averaged CBFV differences in the middle cerebral arteries providing an index of lateralization (LI). RESULTS (1) The accuracy of the LI as assessed by the confidence interval was better than 1% of the mean hemispheric difference. (2) On repeated examination, LIs obtained from 10 subjects showed a high test-retest reproducibility (Pearson product moment correlation coefficient r = 0.95, P < 0.0001). (3) On 10 repeated assessments of LI in the same subject, no practice effects were detected. CONCLUSIONS Functional TCD is a suitable and very robust tool for the longitudinal quantitative measurement of cerebral language lateralization.
Men are like a chest of drawers- women are like a wardrobe : A qualitative comparative study about gender structure within The Church of Sweden

1958 was the year women became recognized as priests in The Church of Sweden- this event formed the initial idea for the study. This is a qualitative comparative inquiry, which seeks to understand gender structures within The Church of Sweden. It has its focus on men and women’s working conditions, which includes their experience of reality and their experienced differences and similarities in their role as priests. Six priests from one concealed diocese have been interviewed and the methodological approach is induction, which has been applied to best ability. Cross-case analysis has been implemented to enable comparison of gender conditions. Through the stage of analysis the data have been interpreted with an open mindset and was not structured in groups by male vs. female. This allowed patterns to emerge with all possibilities, not only with gender taken into consideration. Organizational and gender theories along with previous research have been the main resource for this project. The historian Yvonne Hirdman and the scientist Rosabeth Moss Kanter are two theorists in whom the results are mainly based upon, together with statements and quotations from my informants. The findings in this thesis are due to structural and gender mechanisms. A suggestion to discard the theological conviction and defining resentment against female priests as an issue solely determined by working environmental problem is to be considered. The main differences found in gender due to a structural consequence are the experience of career opportunities and discrimination. It is clear that the structure of The Church of Sweden limits ones career opportunities within a position but also sets limitations due to the lack of higher alternative positions. The women in my study have been victims of the structural powers of men and/or organizations, which could be understood through Kanter´s three-factor theory. The female priests are all struggling with their working description, the assumption of gender difference in this issue is to be drawn. This is also true when it comes to the informant’s role as priests. There are expected differences in leadership between men and women and women are being compared to their male colleges which is an indication of Hirdman´s theory A vs. a. Female vicars working conditions as well as the hierarchy system of The Church of Sweden are suggestions of further studies in the field.
Hyperspectral Image Classification With Multidimensional Attribute Profiles

Morphological profiles have been established during the past decade as one of the principal spatial-spectral pixel description methods. Attribute profiles (APs) in particular have recently emerged as their more efficient generalization, enabling the description of image components through arbitrary parametric features, thus leading to more flexible, complete, and accurate content representations. More precisely, their adaptation to hyperspectral images has been realized through their independent application to an image's bands, after some form of spectral dimension reduction, hence resulting in extended APs. In this letter, a variation of this strategy is explored, consisting of using all of the available image bands simultaneously, during the attribute computation of a connected image component. Thus, the use of a wider array of attributes is enabled, targeting collections of vector pixel values instead of scalars. Specifically, a couple of new multidimensional attributes are investigated, namely, the higher-dimensional spread and higher-dimensional dispersion, describing, respectively, the extent and homogeneity of a multidimensional pixel value distribution. Their practical interest is validated through two common hyperspectral data sets, where they systematically achieve superior classification performance.
Socioeconomic status, amygdala reactivity, and selective attention to threat

In this study, a pathway through which low socioeconomic status (SES) might heighten risk for disorders of mood and affect via a social information-processing bias is investigated. Here, we examined whether measures of social status covary with attentional bias toward threat and with greater threat-related amygdala reactivity in a sample of healthy community volunteers. Participants were middle-aged men and women (30 – 55, M = 42.1 years; 41% female, 87% white) who participated in the second Adult Health and Behavior project (AHAB II). SES indices included objective (individuals’ education and income, parental education) and subjective (individuals rated themselves and their parents on the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status) indicators. Participants’ attentional bias toward threat was assessed using a visual probe-detection task, utilizing angry, fearful, happy, and neutral facial expressions from the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces stimulus set. Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to investigate amygdala reactivity, using facial stimuli derived from the MacArthur Network Face stimulus set. Correlational analyses failed to show any relationship between SES and attentional bias for any of the affective stimuli. Linear regression analyses accounting for age, race, and sex showed lower education (β = -.116, SE = .056, p = .041) and lower composite SES (fear > shapes: β = -.142, SE = .059, p = .018; fear > neutral: β = -.122, SE = .058, p = .037) associated with higher left amygdala reactivity to fearful facial stimuli. No significant relationships between SES and amygdala reactivity were detected for the remaining SES indicators, and findings were limited only to the left amygdala relationship with fearful faces. Thus, our prediction of an inverse association between indices of social standing and heightened responses to threatening stimuli was largely unsupported by the results. Future investigations should include participants representing a broader range of age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic standing in order to more accurately characterize individuals’ responses to threat. Despite the shortcomings of the current study, these findings provide initial (albeit limited) evidence that heightened neurobiological responses to threat may be associated with lower SES.
Accumulation of bldA-specified tRNA is temporally regulated in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

Deletion of the bldA gene of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), which encodes the only tRNA for the rare UUA codon, had no obvious effects on primary growth but interfered with aerial mycelium formation and antibiotic production. To investigate the possible regulatory role of bldA, its transcription start point was identified, and time courses were determined for the appearance of its primary transcript, the processing of the primary transcript to give a mature 5' end, and the apparent efficiency of translation of ampC mRNA, which contains multiple UUA codons. The bldA promoter was active at all times, but processing of the 5' end of the primary transcript was comparatively inefficient in young cultures. This may perhaps involve an antisense RNA, evidence of which was provided by promoter probing and in vitro transcription. The presence of low levels of the processed form of the tRNA in young cultures followed by increased abundance in older cultures contrasted with the pattern observed for accumulation of a different, presumably typical tRNA which was approximately equally abundant throughout growth. The increased accumulation of the 5' processed form of bldA tRNA coincided with more-efficient translation of ampC mRNA in older cultures, supporting the hypothesis that in at least some physiological conditions, bldA may have a regulatory influence on events late in growth, such as morphological differentiation and antibiotic production.
A Heuristic Approach for Solving Minimum Routing Cost Spanning Tree Problem

Minimum routing cost spanning tree - MRCT is one of spanning tree optimization problems having many applications in network design. In general cases, the problem is proved as NP-hard. This paper is going to propose 2 heuristic-based algorithms used for MRCT. The general idea of those algorithms is to start at a spanning tree and step by step improve edges to obtain better spanning tree. We conducted experiment implemetations for these proposals and obtained better result than the result of current approximate algorithms.
3D electromagnetic chip package simulation for high-speed serial interface application

In this paper a 3D electromagnetic (EM) modeling approach of a 64-pin shrink quad flat package (SQFP) is presented. The package contains the physical layer IC implementation of a high-speed chip-to-chip serial transmitter/receiver for the performance evaluation of a pre-version of the MIPI D-PHY standard. The paper describes the simulation methodology starting from gathering package information regarding dimension-s through datasheets and X-ray pictures. Subsequently, a three-dimensional model is built and analyzed in 3D electromagnetic simulation software. Package characterization techniques in frequency and time domain are applied. Finally, a network model for use in a circuit simulator is derived. Finally, relevant constraints of this modeling approach are discussed.