Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Techniques for automatic call-routing

Call routing refers to the technique of automatically relaying a customer’s telephone enquiry to the appropriate destination, using computational speech and language processing techniques. The potential benefits of such a technology are obvious to anyone who has used the slow and frustrating systems which are currently universally provided when one telephones a company, institution, government department etc. The user responds to prompts from these systems using touch-tones, but the menus are rigid and it may require navigation through several levels of menu to reach the destination appropriate to the query.
Efficient Detection of Internet Worms Using Data Mining Techniques

Internet worms pose a serious threat to computer security.Traditional approaches using signatures to detect worms pose little danger to the zero day attacks. The focus of malware research is shifting from using signature patterns to identifying the malicious behavior displayed by the malwaresThis paper presents a novel idea of extracting variable length instruction sequences that can identify worms from clean programs using data mining techniques.The analysis is facilitated by the program control flow information contained in the instruction sequences. Based upon general statistics gathered from these instruction sequences we formulated the problem as a binary classification problem and built tree based classifiers including C5.0, boosting and random forest. Our approach showed 99.5% detection rate on novel worms whose data was not used in the model building process.
‘Set up to fail?’ An analysis of self-administered indigenous police services in Canada

Abstract In 1992 the First Nations Policing Program (FNPP) was introduced in order for Indigenous peoples in Canada to establish their own self-administered police services. The intent of the FNPP was for Indigenous communities to work toward self-determination and their residents to receive professional and culturally appropriate policing. Like other criminal justice interventions, there was a disconnection between the vision and the actual operation of these agencies, thus over one-third of these fledgling police services disbanded. Even today, many of these First Nations police services are struggling. Police officials report their agencies were intentionally ‘set up to fail’ and this study critiques that proposition. We find these agencies are hamstrung by a lack of funding, suffer from the disadvantage of size, struggle to meet the demands of high crime and community dysfunction, and are delivering a less culturally-appropriate service today than provided when the program was first established years.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL AND PRINTED COMICS TO TEACH MONOLOGUE OF VISUAL AND AUDITORY STUDENTS A case of the Tenth Year Students of State Senior High School 1 Ungaran

This study attempts to know the effectiveness of digital comics to teach monologue of visual and auditory students. This study used quantitative approach and experimental study as its research design. The subjects of this study were the students of grade X of State Senior High School 1 Ungaran. To collect the data, the researcher used test, questionnaire, and documentation. The result of the study shows that digital comics is effective to teach monologue of visual students. Printed comics is effective to teach monologue of visual students. Digital comics is effective to teach monologue of auditory students. Printed comics is effective to teach monologue of auditory students. Digital comics is not more effective than printed comics to teach monologue of visual students. Digital comics is more effective than printed comics to teach speaking monologue of auditory students. And the last, there is interaction among the teaching media, students learning styles, and students’ speaking. Therefore, digital comics is effective to teach monologue of visual and auditory students.
Distributed Change-Point Detection of DDoS Attacks over Multiple Network Domains ∗

Distributed denial of services (DDoS) attacks post a major threat to Internet security. This paper proposes a distributed system to detect flooding DDoS attacks at the earliest possible time. At the launching stage of a DDoS attack, some changes in traffic fluctuation are detectable at the router or gateway level. We develop a distributed change-point (DCP) detection architecture using change aggregation trees (CAT). This DCP scheme detects abrupt traffic changes across multiple network domains serviced by the same ISP or managed by the same organization. The early detection of flooding attacks enables timely countermeasures to minimize damages to the edge networks or to hot-spot victim systems serviced by the provider. Each network domain corresponds to a single autonomous system (AS). The AS domain is equipped with a CAT server to aggregate traffic change information detected at the routers. All CAT servers exchange flooding alert information to make global detection decision across multiple domains. To resolve the conflicts in security policies at different provider domains, a new secure infrastructure protocol (SIP) is developed to establish the trust among them. We report scalable performance results on implementing the DCP detection system over 16 domains in the DETER testbed. The simulated Internet setting reveals that 4 domains are sufficient to yield 98% detection accuracy of TCP SYN and UDP flooding attacks with less than 1% false alarms. By using ISP-controlled AS domains, the DCP system is proven scalable to 84 domains, which appeals to real-life deployment in the Internet environments.
Hybrid Associative Flash Translation Layer for the Performance Optimization of Chip-Level Parallel Flash Memory

Flash memory is used widely in the data storage market, particularly low-price MultiLevel Cell (MLC) flash memory, which has been adopted by large-scale storage systems despite its low performance. To overcome the poor performance of MLC flash memory, a system architecture has been designed to optimize chip-level parallelism. This design increases the size of the page unit and the block unit, thereby simultaneously executing operations on multiple chips. Unfortunately, its Flash Translation Layer (FTL) generates many unused sectors in each page, which leads to unnecessary write operations. Furthermore, it reuses an earlier log block scheme, although it generates many erase operations because of its low space utilization. To solve these problems, we propose a hybrid associative FTL (Hybrid-FTL) to enhance the performance of the chip-level parallel flash memory system. Hybrid-FTL reduces the number of write operations by utilizing all of the unused sectors. Furthermore, it reduces the overall number of erase operations by classifying data as hot, cold, or fragment data. Hybrid-FTL requires less mapping information in the DRAM and in the flash memory compared with previous FTL algorithms.
Answer Quality Prediction Joint Textual and Non-Textual Features

Community question answering (CQA) is a popular online service for people to ask and answer questions. But along with the increasing of user generating contents, the quality of answers provided by different users varies widely. So the quality of the answer caused wide attention. In this paper, we propose an answer quality prediction model to evaluate the answer quality considering both aspects of textual and non-textual features. We firstly employ Bidirectional long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) based RNN model to evaluate textual quality of the answers. And we extract 11 features of the answers to evaluate the non-textual quality of answers. Finally, we jointly consider the score of answers textual and non-textual qualities. We evaluate our model in a benchmark dataset and the experimental results show that our model outperforms other existing approaches.
Joint power and rate control in cognitive network with external interference

In a cognitive network, secondary users can coexist with primary users by opportunistically exploiting the frequency bands of primary users. However, secondary users should constrain themselves to avoid interference to primary users based on the sensing technology. This paper investigates the method of increasing the spectrum efficiency in cognitive network within external interference. We consider the practical scenario with external interference, in which the wireless node can be treated as secondary users and the external interference can be considered as a primary user. Nevertheless, the ordinary relationship between the primary user and secondary users has been changed. We consider the spectrum resource allocation as a convex optimization problem which could obtain the optimal solution by adopting feasible direction method. Simulation results show that our algorithm could improve the overall throughput significantly.
Language, culture and identity at the nexus of professional learning

Abstract Background Given the persistent gap among majority and minority students in international measures of student outcomes, there is growing attention and research focused on teacher knowledge, learning and professional development. Culturally responsive practice has been posited as one way to ameliorate disparities in outcomes. Proponents of culturally responsive practice argue that there is a special knowledge base, skills, processes and experiences that teachers need to have that enable them to work successfully with culturally and linguistically diverse students. Purpose and methods This documentary account describes the understandings gained by a team of professional development facilitators as they reframed their work with schools and teachers to focus on developing culturally responsive practices by placing language, culture and identity at the centre of literacy-focused Professional Learning and Development (PLD). Using an appreciative inquiry framework, they sought to identify and increase the use of existing practices that supported a culturally responsive learning environment. Results A number of initial lessons were learnt, including the need for PLD facilitators to engage in ongoing and explicit critical reflection on themselves as socio-cultural beings and to become comfortable with leading and engaging in uncomfortable conversations. The co-construction and on-going revision of PLD materials and tools were instrumental in re-centring practice and assumptions about teaching, learning, literacy, as well as challenging existing PLD practices. Conclusions Although the appreciative inquiry framework was found to be critically important for prompting change, it was the interweaving of multiple frameworks that led to competencies that built capacity for continuous improvement and evidence-based practice. This focus on enhancing the practice of PLD facilitators has important implications for improving student achievement.
Symptoms of posttraumatic stress among parents struggling with their child’s cancer – the role of negative cognitions and disruption in core beliefs

Purpose: The study aimed at establishing the relationship between posttraumatic cognitions resulting from traumatic experiences as well as disruption in core beliefs and the level of symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTSD). Another aim was to check whether the disruption of core beliefs is a mediator between posttraumatic cognitions and symptoms of PTSD. Methods: Results obtained from 57 parents aged 25-57 years (M = 35.38; SD = 8.32), who have dealt with their child’s cancer (men – 47.4%; women – 52.6%) were examined. Three measuring methods were used in the study: the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI) and the Core Beliefs Inventory (CBI). Results: The results showed positive associations between posttraumatic cognitions as well as disruption of core beliefs and the severity of PTSD. Challenges for core beliefs act as mediators in the relationship between posttraumatic cognitions and symptoms of PTSD. Conclusions: The experience of a traumatic event usually entails the occurrence of posttraumatic stress symptoms. The severity of these symptoms is determined by, among others, the individual’s beliefs about the world and about themselves. The experience of a child’s cancer is a traumatic experience for parents. Negative cognitions and disruption in key beliefs favour the persistence of PTSD symptoms. Disturbances in beliefs are mediators in the relationship between negative cognitions and symptoms of PTSD. Reducing symptoms of PTSD, and thus recovery, requires a change in beliefs that are distorted by trauma.
Active Cross-Layer Location Identification of attackers in wireless sensor networks

While current research of secure localization in wireless sensor networks focuses on devising localization schemes robust to malicious attacks, there is little effort on locating and finally eliminating the malicious source. This paper addresses this open problem of locating a static malicious source that intentionally hides or falsifies its position equipped with directional antenna in sensor networks. A novel localization mechanism, called ACLI, is proposed in this paper, which combines sensor coordination with the traditional range-free localization method to successfully locate such an adversary. The main idea here is to use coordination of multiple sensors to locate the adversary and optimize the process with a finite horizon discrete Markov decision process (MDP). The estimation error ratio (error/radius) of an attacker's location is less than 30% in ACLI, as which is shown in our simulation result.
A Comparison of Event Models for Naive Bayes Anti-Spam E-Mail Filtering

We describe experiments with a Naive Bayes text classifier in the context of anti-spam E-mail filtering, using two different statistical event models: a multi-variate Bernoulli model and a multinomial model. We introduce a family of feature ranking functions for feature selection in the multinomial event model that take account of the word frequency information. We present evaluation results on two publicly available corpora of legitimate and spam E-mails. We find that the multinomial model is less biased towards one class and achieves slightly higher accuracy than the multi-variate Bernoulli model.
User satisfaction evaluation of the electronic student services system — iKnow

In this paper, we report a survey that gathered the opinions on electronic student services by implementing the iKnow system. The methodology to evaluate user satisfaction was based on realization of questionnaires, and surveys with students, as well as interviews with the teaching and administration staff. We have realized several surveys and questionnaires, not just during the development cycle, but also during first two years of exploitation. The results show that most respondents have a positive attitude towards the iKnow software system. A very interesting fact is the one about swing of the attitude towards better recognition of the system, mostly due to the understanding of iKnow possibilities at all. Overall, our findings imply that iKnow has alleviated much of the basic and long-range problems that have challenged students in the past. Additionally, the study also reveals some shortcomings of iKnow, and lays ground for defining and building an even better user experience with the iKnow system.
Clinical microdialysis in neuro-oncology: principles and applications

Clinical microdialysis allows a discrete volume of the brain to be sampled for neurochemical analysis of neurotransmitters, metabolites, biomarkers, and drugs. The technique can be safely used in humans intraoperatively, in the intensive care unit, and in ambulatory settings. Microdialysis probes, micropumps, and analytical equipment are commercially available and have been used extensively for neurochemical monitoring in traumatic brain injury, stroke, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. There has been very limited use of microdialysis in neuro-oncology, but this technique has great promise in the study of the basic neurochemistry of brain tumors, alterations in neurochemistry in response to therapy, and the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents. Microdialysis probes may also be used to deliver drugs while simultaneously permitting monitoring of neurochemical changes induced by this therapy.
Relationship between leadership styles, emotional intelligence, and project manager performance

Relationship Between Leadership Styles, Emotional Intelligence, and Project Manager Performance by Mojgan Seyedsafi MS, Capella University, 2009 MBA, Strayer University, 2004 BS, Strayer University, 2002 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration
The Speed of Adaptation in Large Asexual Populations

In large asexual populations, beneficial mutations have to compete with each other for fixation. Here, I derive explicit analytic expressions for the rate of substitution and the mean beneficial effect of fixed mutations, under the assumptions that the population size N is large, that the mean effect of new beneficial mutations is smaller than the mean effect of new deleterious mutations, and that new beneficial mutations are exponentially distributed. As N increases, the rate of substitution approaches a constant, which is equal to the mean effect of new beneficial mutations. The mean effect of fixed mutations continues to grow logarithmically with N. The speed of adaptation, measured as the change of log fitness over time, also grows logarithmically with N for moderately large N, and it grows double-logarithmically for extremely large N. Moreover, I derive a simple formula that determines whether at given N beneficial mutations are expected to compete with each other or go to fixation independently. Finally, I verify all results with numerical simulations.
Eugene Garfield, Francis Narin, and PageRank: The Theoretical Bases of the Google Search Engine

This paper presents a test of the validity of using Google Scholar to evaluate the publications of researchers by comparing the premises on which its search engine, PageRank, is based, to those of Garfield's theory of citation indexing. It finds that the premises are identical and that PageRank and Garfield's theory of citation indexing validate each other.
Freshwater-saltwater boundary detection using mobile sensors part I: Drifter deployment

Due to a reduction in the supply of freshwater in estuaries, saltwater can intrude deeply into river channels. We focus on the freshwater-saltwater boundary detection problem, and identify a point on the boundary that reflects the degree of salinity intrusion via deploying mobile drifters with powered propellers. Our approach consists of deploying two drifters to explore the boundary in different directions and obtaining the estimate of the point based on the estimates from these two drifters. We show that the proposed algorithms can achieve an arbitrarily accurate estimate under certain assumptions on the salinity field.
Chapter 3 Protein-Protein and Protein-Ligand Docking

Molecular interactions including protein-protein, enzyme-substrate, protein-nucleic acid, drug-protein, and drug-nucleic acid play important roles in many essential biological proc‐ esses, such as signal transduction, transport, cell regulation, gene expression control, enzyme inhibition, antibody–antigen recognition, and even the assembly of multi-domain proteins. These interactions very often lead to the formation of stable protein–protein or protein-ligand complexes that are essential to perform their biological functions. The tertiary structure of proteins is necessary to understand the binding mode and affinity between interacting molecules. However, it is often difficult and expensive to obtain complex structures by experimental methods, such as X-ray crystallography or NMR. Thus, docking computation is considered an important approach for understanding the protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions [1-3]. As the number of three-dimensional protein structures determined by experimental techniques grows —structure databases such as Protein Data.
Instability of resonant totally elliptic points of symplectic maps in dimension 4

— A well known Moser stability theorem states that a generic elliptic fixed point of an area-preserving mapping is Lyapunov stable. We investigate the question of Lyapunov stability for 4-dimensional resonant totally elliptic fixed points of symplectic maps. We show that generically a convex, resonant, totally elliptic point of a symplectic map is Lyapunov unstable. The proof heavily relies on a proof of J. Mather of existence of Arnold diffusion for convex Hamiltonians in 2.5 degrees of freedom. The latter proof is announced in [Ma5], but still unpublished. Résumé (Instabilité des points totalement elliptiques résonnants d'applications symplectiques en dimension 4) Un théorème célèbre de Moser établit la stabilité au sens de Lyapounov des points fixes elliptiques génériques des applications qui conservent l'aire. On étudie la stabilité de Lyapounov des points fixes totalement elliptiques résonnants d'applications symplectiques en dimension 4. On montre que, génériquement, un point totalement elliptique résonnant convexe d'une application symplectique est instable au sens de Lyapounov. La démonstration s'appuie de façon essentielle sur celle donnée par J. Mather pour l'existence d'une diffusion d'Arnold pour les hamiltoniens convexes à 2,5 degrés de liberté. Celle-ci. annoncée dans [Ma5], n'est pas encore publiée.
An evaluation of spatial mapping of indoor environment based on point cloud registration using Kinect sensor

Registration of 3D pointclouds obtained using depth sensor has wide range of applications in robotics. Many different rigid 3D registration algorithms have been proposed in literature, such as Principal Component Analysis, Singular value decomposition, iterative closest point (ICP) and its variants. The ICP is widely used algorithm for registration of point clouds. It is accurate and fast for point cloud registration. In this work, a performance evaluation of point-to-point based ICP algorithm, integration of point-to-point with random sampling and point-to-plane based ICP algorithm by using Microsoft Kinect camera is conducted. Low-cost Microsoft Kinect sensor provides a feasible and economical solution for such point cloud generation. Root mean square error (RMSE) value is taken as the measurement of precision of cloud registration. RMSE value is obtained from the Euclidean distance between corresponding point pairs in both point-clouds, used for the ICP registration. The ICP algorithm always converges monotonically to the nearest local minimum of a mean square distance metric. The results show that the convergence rate is fast during initial iterations.
Sample Size and Power Calculations for Additive Interactions

Abstract Interactions measured on the additive scale are more relevant than multiplicative interaction for assessing public health importance and also more closely related to notions of mechanistic synergism. Most work on sample size and power calculations for interaction have focused on the multiplicative scale. Here we derive analytic expressions for sample size and power calculations for interactions on the additive scale. We give formulae for detecting additive interaction on the risk scale from a cohort study, formulae for detecting additive interaction using the relative excess risk for interaction from a logistic regression with cohort data, and formulae for detecting additive interaction for the relative excess risk for interaction from a logistic regression with case-control data. When main effects of both exposures are positive, power to detect positive interaction on the additive scale will be greater than that on the multiplicative scale. Excel spreadsheets are provided for power and sample size calculations for additive, multiplicative, and case-only interaction estimates.