Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review of in‐vivo optical properties of human tissues and its impact on PDT

A thorough understanding of optical properties of biological tissues is critical to effective treatment planning for therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the last two decades, new technologies, such as broadband diffuse spectroscopy, have been developed to obtain in vivo data in humans that was not possible before. We found that the in vivo optical properties generally vary in the ranges μa = 0.03–1.6 cm–1 and μs′ = 1.2–40 cm–1, although the actual range is tissue‐type dependent. We have also examined the overall trend of the absorption spectra (for μa and μs′) as a function of wavelength within a 95% confidence interval for various tissues in vivo. The impact of optical properties on light fluence rate is also discussed for various light application geometries including superficial, interstitial, and within a cavity. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Experimental setup to simulate the performance of ISAR-based microwave personnel screening system

This paper presents experimental results to support the new architecture of the microwave personnel screening system, which can obtain radar images of concealed objects on moving subjects. The system uses natural motion of a subject to form the inverse synthetic aperture, which eliminates mechanical scanning from the system and reduces its microwave part to a linear antenna array. The coherent radar signal processing is achieved by using an RGB-D video sensor, which is responsible for tracking the subject as he or she moves in the vicinity of the linear antenna array. With the described experimental setup and imitation experiments with a moving mannequin it was shown that the joint processing of radar samples and video frames gives the detailed radar images of hidden objects.
Narratives Of Greater Mexico Essays On Chicano Literary History Genre And Borders

Thank you for reading narratives of greater mexico essays on chicano literary history genre and borders. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this narratives of greater mexico essays on chicano literary history genre and borders, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.
Adaptive Distance-Based Voting Classification

Data mining is used widely to mine hidden knowledge and information from huge data. Classification is an important task in data mining, and it has been successfully applied in various fields. We propose a multi-class classification method, Adaptive Distance-Based Voting Classification (ADVC), based on voting on the distances of the global training samples with adaptive and practical voting thresholds. Experiments on various datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A Result Analysis on Secure Communication for Mobile Application Using Cloud Hosted Key

User‟s data may be stored in a cloud to take advantage of its scalability, accessibility, and economics. & it must be protected from untrusted cloud provider. Basically develop „Group Chat+‟ application for android mobile users. It is work on android, smartphone, PDA mobile users & also on laptop, desktop users virtually. It implements the idea of Android Cloud to Device Messaging securely. This application helps to sends data from servers to their applications on Android devices & Client to clients or /group of clients communication securely & vice-versa. The application provides a simple, lightweight mechanism on both server & clients. For security of users database AES Algorithms is implemented for encrypting as well as decrypting message through mobile application in cloud network. Symmetric Cryptographic Key is applied on sensitive data to be stored at cloud. For that, a key management scheme is proposed where encrypted key shares are stored in the cloud and automatically deleted based on passage of time or user activity. Also, Subscription to user data is maintained through regular re-generation of shares. Our application is able to resist the attacks from various fields over confidentiality, integrity, availability, and privacy. So that, SHA1 algorithm is implemented. It one way to secure hash value that implement in protection of all users password security throughout the network of mobile cloud.
Pathogenesis of Mycosis fungoides

Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of primary cutaneous lymphomas. The phenotype of the tumor cell corresponds to an effector/memory‐type of helper T cell which, given its repertoire of homing receptors, is specialized for recirculation through the skin. In recent years genetic analyses have uncovered various chromosomal aberrations in the tumour cells of mycosis fungoides. Their relevance to the pathogenesis and clinical appearance are discussed in the following.
Real-Time Prediction of Temperature for Electromagnetic Heating Therapy in Deep-Seated Tissue

This paper aims to develop a mathematical model for predicting the temperature response of tissues in electromagnetic heating therapy (EHT), when using a magnetic flux concentrator to improve heating efficiency. EHT has two critical challenges when applied to deep-seated tissue heating, i.e., the temperature might not be accurately measured and the magnetic field intensity decreases with increasing depth. The finite-element method (FEM) is suitable for coupled analysis with electromagnetic fields and heat transfer, which can be used to predict temperature profiles in deep tissue implanted with magnetic materials. To improve the accuracy of the FEM model, an adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model is implemented on the basis of measured data and simulated data, which were generated by the FEM model. The ANFIS model can provide a large number of testing data to optimize the parameters in the FEM model; moreover, it can be used to expedite the optimization process.
Development of bioactive polysulfone nanocomposites for bone tissue replacement

In view of the growing number of traffic accidents and human life expectancy, bone is emerged as the most frequently transplanted human tissue and its demand is growing in medical market for reconstruction of bone defects [1]. So researchers in the field of orthopedics have given considerable emphasis on the fabrication of reliable and economically feasible biomaterials for bone tissue replacement and regeneration applications. Current methods of broken and defective bone treatment use metal orthopedic implants, unfortunately shows many shortcomings such as insufficient prolonged bonding between the implanted material and juxtaposed bone, different mechanical properties between bone and the implant leading to stress shielding, release of certain ions and corrosion products from metallic implants and the need of second surgery to remove the implant [2]. Among the various bioceramics, hydroxyapatite (HA) is an ideal material to develop bone tissue engineering scaffold due to its osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties as well as the close structural composition to natural bone mineral. But its brittleness and poor performance in terms of mechanical stability limit its use for the regeneration of non-load-bearing bone defects. On the other hand, biocompatible polymers which are widely used in bone grafting also persists some practical problems such as low efficiency of cell seeding and poor mechanical property compared with natural hard tissue [3]. Since these currently designed scaffold materials fulfill only part of the requirements, it remains a great challenge for orthopedics researchers to design an ideal bone graft that emulates natures own structure. Nanocomposites consist of bioactive polymers and ceramic nanoparticles are considered as the next generation scaffolds for tissue regeneration by overcoming the drawbacks of bioceramics and biopolymers [4]. Polysulfone is a transparent thermoplastic with physical properties matching to the light metals. Its chemical structure composed of phenylene units linked by three different chemical groups – isopropylidene, ether and sulfone-each contributes favorable properties such as high rigidity, creep resistance, bioinertness, and good thermal and chemical stability makes it a suitable candidate for bioactive nanocomposite [5]. Hydroxyapatite particles have been widely utilized in the fabrication of bone-like hybrid polymer nanocomposites due to its structural and compositional similarity to minerals of natural bones [6]. In particular, these nano-sized components in the polymer matrix provides multiple avenues to engineer implants by tailoring the surface for enhanced interaction with proteins, cells, and apatite nucleation at the same time creating implant materials with better mechanical properties.
Biosynthesis of Bacillus licheniformis penicillinase in Escherichia coli and in Bacillus subtilis

Modified prepenicillinase was accumulated in both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis treated with globomycin. Although the inhibitions of processings of prepenicillinase and prolipoprotein by globomycin in E. coli are qualitatively similar, they differ in the degree of inhibition at given concentrations of globomycin. The processing of prepenicillinase proceeds much more rapidly in E. coli than in B. subtilis.
Disruption of Putative Regulatory Loci in Listeria monocytogenes Demonstrates a Significant Role for Fur and PerR in Virulence

ABSTRACT The ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions encountered in food and during host infection is a sine qua non for a successful Listeria monocytogenes infection. This ability is likely to depend on complex regulatory pathways controlled by a number of key regulators. We utilized the pORI19 plasmid integration system to analyze the role of six putative regulatory loci in growth under suboptimal environmental conditions and during murine infection. Disruption of loci encoding a topoisomerase III (lmo2756), a putative methyltransferase (lmo0581), and a regulator of the MarR family (lmo1618) revealed roles for the methyltransferase and the MarR regulator in growth under environmental stress conditions. However, plasmid integration into these loci had no impact on virulence potential in the murine model of infection. Disruption of the alternative sigma factor Sigma-H resulted in a mutant that demonstrated reduced growth potential in minimal medium. Murine studies indicated a minor role for this sigma factor in the infectious process. Strikingly, disruption of both perR and fur loci resulted in mutants that are significantly affected in virulence for mice, with the fur mutant demonstrating the greatest reduction in virulence potential. Both perR and fur mutants demonstrated increased resistance to hydrogen peroxide and the fur mutant was sensitive to low-iron conditions. The virulence defect of both fur and perR mutants could be rescued by iron-overload after esculetin treatment of mice, suggesting that the in vivo role of these gene products is to procure iron for bacterial growth.
The Puritan Conversion Narrative: The Beginnings of American Expression

Preface Introduction Part I. The Conversion Narrative as a Form of Expression in the Puritan Gathered Churches: 1. Origins 2. Controversy Part II. Sea Change: The Conversion Narrative in The New World: 3. Disappointment 4. The problem of expression 5. The American morphology of conversion 6. Epilogue Bibliography Index.
Imaging In-Stent Restenosis: An Inexpensive, Reliable, and Rapid Preclinical Model

Preclinical models of restenosis are essential to unravel the pathophysiological processes that lead to in-stent restenosis and to optimize existing and future drug-eluting stents. A variety of antibodies and transgenic and knockout strains are available in rats. Consequently, a model for in-stent restenosis in the rat would be convenient for pathobiological and pathophysiological studies. In this video, we present the full procedure and pit-falls of a rat stent model suitable for high throughput stent research. We will show the surgical procedure of stent deployment, and the assessment of in-stent restenosis using the most elegant technique of OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography). This technique provides high accuracy in assessing plaque CSAs (cross section areas) and correlates well with histological sections, which require special and time consuming embedding and sectioning techniques. OCT imaging further allows longitudinal monitoring of the development of in-stent restenosis within the same animal compared to one-time snapshots using histology.
Quasiperiodicities in Fibonacci strings

We consider the problem of finding quasiperiodicities in a Fibonacci string. A factor u of a string y is a cover of y if every letter of y falls within some occurrence of u in y. A string v is a seed of y, if it is a cover of a superstring of y. A left seed of a string y is a prefix of y that it is a cover of a superstring of y. Similarly a right seed of a string y is a suffix of y that it is a cover of a superstring of y. In this paper, we present some interesting results regarding quasiperiodicities in Fibonacci strings, we identify all covers, left/right seeds and seeds of a Fibonacci string and all covers of a circular Fibonacci string.
Developing a driving fatigue detection system using physiological sensors

Driving fatigue becomes the main factor causing vehicular accidents. Detecting driving fatigue using physiological sensors is considered an effective method. In this paper, we develop a driving fatigue detection system called "SYMAGIC smart ring", which can be applied in the real industries. It includes three parts: a hardware device, a phone application and a connection to the cloud server. The whole system is economical and robust, which meets the requirements of the transportation industries.
Implementing a scalable context-aware middleware

Recent advances in portable client devices are enabling new scenarios where mobile users assume to continuously access to various services, such as email, printing, and social computing applications, by opportunistically exploiting any computing resource and any wireless connectivity possibility encountered during their roam. That requirement calls for suitable context-aware middlewares capable of retrieving and using context data to personalize service provisioning. However, existing solutions still exhibit very limited support for context data management and distribution, especially in wide-scale and highly heterogeneous systems. The paper proposes a novel context-aware middleware to achieve scalability in context data dissemination. The primary design guideline is to reduce context data traffic by using a hierarchical distributed architecture and pervasive physical/logical caching techniques. To validate our design choices, we exploited our context-aware middleware to realize an advertisements service and a service discovery facility in our university campus. Obtained performance results demonstrate that our solution positively affects system scalability and average context dissemination time.
An Empirical Taxonomy of Crowdfunding Intermediaries

Due to the recent popularity of crowdfunding, a broad magnitude of crowdfunding intermediaries has emerged, while research on crowdfunding intermediaries has been largely neglected. As a consequence, existing classifications of crowdfunding intermediaries are conceptual, lack theoretical grounding, and are not empirically validated. Thus, we develop an empirical taxonomy of crowdfunding intermediaries, which is grounded in the theories of two-sided markets and financial intermediation. Integrating these theories, we develop a crowdfunding intermediation model that we use as foundation for performing cluster analysis with data of 127 intermediaries. We identify three generic archetypes of crowdfunding intermediaries, which differ in their value proposition: Hedonism, Altruism, and For Profit. Our crowdfunding intermediation model and our empirical taxonomy improve our understanding of crowdfunding by showing how crowdfunding intermediaries manage financial intermediation and digitally transform exchange relations between capital-giving and seeking agents in two-sided online markets. For practice, our research may help characterize the crowdfunding industry.
A Novel Edge Detection Algorithm Based on Global Minimization Active Contour Model for Oil Slick Infrared Aerial Image

Edge detection is a crucial approach for the location and acreage calculation of oil slick when oil spills on the sea. In this paper, in view of intensity inhomogeneity, high noise, and blurring of oil slick infrared (IR) aerial images, a novel algorithm is proposed to detect the edges of oil slick IR aerial images. In the proposed algorithm, we define an energy function model combining a region-scalable-fitting concept and a global minimization active contour (GMAC) model. The proposed novel algorithm avoids the existence of local minima and meanwhile deals with the intensity inhomogeneity, noise, and weak edge boundaries exiting in oil spill IR images. In the process of the active contour evolving toward object boundaries and numerical minimization, a dual formulation is used for overcoming drawbacks of the usual level set and gradient descent method so that the process of minimization can be much easier and our algorithm is independent of the initial position of the contour. Using the proposed algorithm, we can gain continuous and closed edges of oil slick IR aerial images. The experiment results have shown that the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional edge detection methods and other algorithms in terms of the efficiency and accuracy. In addition, the proposed algorithm is extended to synthetic-aperture-radar oil slick images, and satisfactory results of edge extraction can be obtained as well.
Application Prefetcher Design Using both I/O Reordering and I/O Interleaving

Modern operating systems (OSes) use a demand paging system to efficiently manage limited main memory shared by user applications. However, it does not perform well when launching an application in a “cold start” situation (i.e., none of its launch data blocks are hit in the OS page cache). In particular, it typically generates a non-sequential read accesses from hundreds of files on a hard disk drive (HDD), leading to poor disk throughput. Furthermore, a CPU is frequently blocked while waiting for disk I/O completion. This launch inefficiency can be largely mitigated by adopting solid state drives (SSDs), but there are still many systems that cannot afford the high cost per bit of SSDs, such as set-top boxes, video game consoles, and low-cost laptop or desktop PCs. Hence, optimization techniques that improve application launch performance on HDDs will remain useful until HDDs totally disappear from the market. Application prefetching is a representative technique to mitigate the launch inefficiency. Once an application accesses a set of data blocks in a particular order during a launch, it is highly likely to access almost the same set of data blocks in almost the same order in the next launches [1]–[3]. Such an I/O sequence is called an application launch sequence in recent work [2]. The deterministic launch behavior of applications allows application prefetchers to predict with high accuracy what data block will be requested next. I/O Reordering and I/O interleaving are the two key techniques behind the application prefetchers. Suppose an application launch sequence consists of 10
Distribution patterns of satellite associations in human lymphocytes relative to age and sex

Using ammoniacal silver for differential staining of satellites, associations from 1,668 human metaphases were studied from lymphocyte cultures of 167 normal individuals and were correlated with age and sex. There is a peak in satellite association frequency up to age 20 years in males and to 25 in females. With older ages there is a decline in association frequencies. No associations with four or more chromosomes were found in newborns. Furthermore, association in newborns, as well as in individuals older than 50 years, are significantly low compared to in‐between age groups.
A versatile system for the generation and the development of speech coding strategies in cochlear implants

A signal processor-based (DSP32C) stimulation system for cochlear implants has been developed. This system allows up to 14 stimulation channels (place principle) and conserves the time structure of the acoustic signal (periodicity principle). Any combination of these features is possible; in compressed analogue mode, pulsatile mode, or combinations of both. The system also takes electrical crosstalk into account caused by the electrical properties of the inner ear and compensates for it. Lateral inhibition strategies improve spatial resolution. Finally, the system offers an interface for the generation of quick continuous interleaved sampling strategies (CIS); up to 11000 pulses/s per channel.
Comparative proteomic analysis of human pancreatic juice: Methodological study

Pancreatic cancer is the most lethal of all the common malignancies. Markers for early detection of this disease are urgently needed. Here, we optimized and applied a proteome analysis of human pancreatic juice to identify biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. Pancreatic juice samples, devoid of blood or bile contamination, were collected from patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 5), benign pancreatic diseases (n = 6), or cholelithiasis (n = 3) during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). After ultramembrane centrifugation sample preparation, pancreatic juice proteins were separated by 2‐DE and identified by MALDI‐TOF‐MS. A 2‐DE dataset of pancreatic juice from patients with cholelithiasis was established, consisting of 76 protein spots representing 22 different proteins. Disease‐associated obstruction of the pancreatic duct strongly effected the protein composition of pancreatic juice. Concurrently, pancreatic juice from patients with pancreatic cancer was compared to nonmalignant controls with comparable obstruction of pancreatic ducts. Seven protein spots were identified that consistently appeared at changed levels in pancreatic juice from patients with pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, comparative proteomic analysis of human pancreatic juice can be used to identify biomarkers of pancreatic cancer.
Sublethal cellular effects of short-term raphidophyte and brevetoxin exposures on the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica

The susceptibility of shellfish to raphidophyte toxicity is not well resolved. This study examined the sublethal cellular responses of eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica exposed to 2 raphi- dophyte blooms (Chattonella subsalsa or Fibrocapsa japonica). Also, based on the hypothesis that raphi- dophyte toxicity is related to brevetoxin production, we determined the cellular responses of oysters to purified brevetoxin (PbTx-3) exposure in a separate experiment. We evaluated 3 cellular biomarkers, constituting both cellular damage and detoxification responses: lysosomal destabilization, lipid perox- idation and glutathione concentration. Exposing oysters to water collected from both blooms significantly increased lysosomal destabilization rates in oyster digestive gland when compared to controls, as did exposure to 1 and 10 nM PbTx-3. Glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels were not significantly affected in any treatment. The physiological stress response (i.e. increased lysosomal destabilization rates) in oysters exposed to brevetoxin, C. subsalsa bloom water, or F. japonica bloom water is consistent with that found in oysters exposed to Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae) blooms and cultures. The results indicate that oysters are susceptible to raphidophyte and brevetoxin toxicity, and are not solely a vector for neurotoxic shellfish poisoning. The common physiological response to raphidophyte and brevetoxin exposure is consistent with the hypothesized production of brevetoxin by this group, but alternatively may reflect a more general stress response in oysters.