Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In England

Background: Implementing major system change in healthcare is not well understood. This gap may be addressed by analysing change in terms of interrelated components identified in the implementation literature, including decision to change, intervention selection, implementation approaches, implementation outcomes, and intervention outcomes. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study of two cases of major system change: the centralisation of acute stroke services in Manchester and London, which were associated with significantly different implementation outcomes (fidelity to referral pathway) and intervention outcomes (provision of evidence-based care, patient mortality). We interviewed stakeholders at national, pan-regional, and service-levels (n = 125) and analysed 653 documents. Using a framework developed for this study from the implementation science literature, we examined factors influencing implementation approaches; how these approaches interacted with the models selected to influence implementation outcomes; and their relationship to intervention outcomes. Results: London and Manchester’s differing implementation outcomes were influenced by the different service models selected and implementation approaches used. Fidelity to the referral pathway was higher in London, where a ‘simpler’, more inclusive model was used, implemented with a ‘big bang’ launch and ‘hands-on’ facilitation by stroke clinical networks. In contrast, a phased approach of a more complex pathway was used in Manchester, and the network acted more as a platform to share learning. Service development occurred more uniformly in London, where service specifications were linked to financial incentives, and achieving standards was a condition of service launch, in contrast to Manchester. ‘Hands-on’ network facilitation, in the form of dedicated project management support, contributed to achievement of these standards in London; such facilitation processes were less evident in Manchester. Conclusions: Using acute stroke service centralisation in London and Manchester as an example, interaction between model selected and implementation approaches significantly influenced fidelity to the model. The contrasting implementation outcomes may have affected differences in provision of evidence-based care and patient mortality. The framework used in this analysis may support planning and evaluating major system changes, but would benefit from application in different healthcare contexts.
Ziv–Zakai Bound for Joint Parameter Estimation in MIMO Radar Systems

Local bounds, such as the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB), provide inaccurate predictions under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Global bounds are capable of providing more accurate predictions of the performance of estimators over the full range of SNR. In this paper, we derive the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) for joint location and velocity estimation of a target illuminated by a non-coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar employing orthogonal waveforms and widely spaced antennas. The setup captures the multistatic nature of the target gains, where each pair of transmit-receive elements experience independent gains governed by the Swerling type 1 model. The target returns are observed in the presence of spatially and temporally independent Gaussian clutter-plus-noise. The ZZB for joint delay and Doppler estimation for single-input and single-output (SISO) radar is also developed. We show that the ZZB is a comprehensive metric that captures the effect of the SNR, the ambiguity function (AF) and other parameters of the radar systems. The effects of different system configurations are explored through numerical studies. The results are useful for the analysis of both active and passive radars.
The AT Effect: How Disability Affects the Perceived Social Acceptability of Head-Mounted Display Use

Wearable computing devices offer new possibilities to increase accessibility and independence for individuals with disabilities. However, the adoption of such devices may be influenced by social factors, and useful devices may not be adopted if they are considered inappropriate to use. While public policy may adapt to support accommodations for assistive technology, emerging technologies may be unfamiliar or unaccepted by bystanders. We surveyed 1200 individuals about the use of a head-mounted display in a public setting, examining how information about the user's disability affected judgments of the social acceptability of the scenario. Our findings reveal that observers considered head-mounted display use more socially acceptable if the device was being used to support a person with a disability.
Understanding Music Playlists

As music streaming services dominate the music industry, the playlist is becoming an increasingly crucial element of music consumption. Con- sequently, the music recommendation problem is often casted as a playlist generation prob- lem. Better understanding of the playlist is there- fore necessary for developing better playlist gen- eration algorithms. In this work, we analyse two playlist datasets to investigate some com- monly assumed hypotheses about playlists. Our findings indicate that deeper understanding of playlists is needed to provide better prior infor- mation and improve machine learning algorithms in the design of recommendation systems.
Cross-Regional Divorce Risks in Belgium: Culture or Legislative System?

Cross-national research is by definition carried out between different countries. Looking at country differences often results in common and diverse sets of divorce risks. This article uses a cross-national research perspective on divorce risks within a single country. Belgium is a special case in this respect. The division of the country in two regions with a different language and a quite different historical background often frightens researchers to include the country in large-scale international comparisons. We argue that Belgium is an interesting test case in international perspective since it combines—in a quasi-experimental setting—two important explanatory conditions for divorce risks on the macro level. First, Belgium is a unitary country with a single social security system, similar labor market characteristics, and a single family policy. Second, whereas the institutions between the northern and the southern part are similar, Belgium is culturally divided in a rather Catholic northern part (Flanders) and a secular southern part (Wallonia). This division is often referred to as a northern (Scandinavian) and a southern (Spain, Italy) cultural pattern. This means that when studying divorce patterns, we have the opportunity to examine the net effect of cultural determinants because of the similar feature of the institutional setting of both the Walloon and the Flemish part of the country.
Traffic-Differentiation-Based Modular QoS Localized Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

A new localized quality of service (QoS) routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSN) is proposed in this paper. The proposed protocol targets WSN's applications having different types of data traffic. It is based on differentiating QoS requirements according to the data type, which enables to provide several and customized QoS metrics for each traffic category. With each packet, the protocol attempts to fulfill the required data-related QoS metric(s) while considering power efficiency. It is modular and uses geographical information, which eliminates the need of propagating routing information. For link quality estimation, the protocol employs distributed, memory and computation efficient mechanisms. It uses a multisink single-path approach to increase reliability. To our knowledge, this protocol is the first that makes use of the diversity in data traffic while considering latency, reliability, residual energy in sensor nodes, and transmission power between nodes to cast QoS metrics as a multiobjective problem. The proposed protocol can operate with any medium access control (MAC) protocol, provided that it employs an acknowledgment (ACK) mechanism. Extensive simulation study with scenarios of 900 nodes shows the proposed protocol outperforms all comparable state-of-the-art QoS and localized routing protocols. Moreover, the protocol has been implemented on sensor motes and tested in a sensor network testbed.
Person-Job Fit Applied to Teamwork

This study examined the moderating role of team task autonomy on the relationship between the mean level of three personality traits in a team—conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience—and two individual outcomes—job satisfaction and learning. Questionnaire data were collected from 133 task groups of undergraduate business students. Multilevel analyses showed that team task autonomy strengthens the relationship between conscientiousness and learning and the relationship between openness to experience and satisfaction. We conclude that team attributes, characteristics of the individual member, and team task autonomy as a moderator variable explain differences in individual outcomes and help in predicting the effectiveness of teamwork.
Chlorido{[2-(dicyclohexylphosphanoyl)ethyl]bis[2-(dicyclohexylphosphanyl)ethyl]phosphane}platinum(II) chloride dichloromethane hemisolvate tetrahydrate

The title compound, [PtCl(C42H78OP4)]Cl·0.5CH2Cl2·4H2O, crystallizes as a contact ion-pair with two close intermolecular C—H⋯Cl− contacts between CH acidic αH atoms of the phosphane ligand and the chloride anion. A chloride ligand together with three coordinating P ligand atoms create a slightly distorted square-planar coordination environment around the PtII center. An intermolecular water O—H⋯Cl− and water O—H⋯OP hydrogen-bond network completes the coordination around the anion. In addition, a disordered CH2Cl2 solvent molecule cocrystallized within a hydrophobic cavity spanned by the dicyclohexylphosphane ligands.
Beyond dirty, dangerous and dull: What everyday people think robots should do

We present a study of people's attitudes toward robot workers, identifying the characteristics of occupations for which people believe robots are qualified and desired. We deployed a web-based public-opinion survey that asked respondents (n=250) about their attitudes regarding robots' suitability for a variety of jobs (n=812) from the U.S. Department of Labor's O*NET occupational information database. We found that public opinion favors robots for jobs that require memorization, keen perceptual abilities, and service-orientation. People are preferred for occupations that require artistry, evaluation, judgment and diplomacy. In addition, we found that people will feel more positively toward robots doing jobs with people rather than in place of people.
Microdemographic Determinants of Population Recovery among the Northern Aché

ABSTRACT A pattern of population crash and rapid recovery is a common feature of the pacification and settlement experience of the indigenous peoples of tropical South America. Despite the obvious importance of these events to the demographic and anthropological sciences as a whole, as well as their significant practical implications, little is known about the microdemographic determinants of these paired phenomena. Using methods of asymptotic and stochastic demographic analysis, we reconstructed the microdemographic drivers of this history among one indigenous population: the Northern Aché of eastern Paraguay. This article explores the implications of these relationships for understanding the overall demographic turnaround observed within similar groups, as well as for the future trajectory of the Northern Aché in particular.
Emotional Adjustment of Gifted Children

The personality functioning of 90 children with intelligence quotients greater than 135 was examined with the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) and the Child Behavior Checklist-Teacher's Reobrt Form (CBCL-TRF). Results for the CBCL and the CBCL-TRF demonstrated that the incidence of psychopathology in this sample was comparable to that in the normative population. Only 9% of the sample were rated as having clinical levels of psychopathology. Children with intelligence quotients greater than 150 were shown to have no greater levels of psychopathology than those with intelligence quotients between 136 and 140.
Efficient Characteristic Set Algorithms for Equation Solving in Finite Fields and Applications in Cryptanalysis

Efficient characteristic set methods for computing solutions of polynomial equation systems in a finite field are proposed. The concept of proper triangular sets is introduced and an explicit formula for the number of solutions of a proper and monic (or regular) triangular set is given. An improved zero decomposition algorithm which can be used to reduce the zero set of an equation system in general form to the union of zero sets of monic proper triangular sets is proposed. As a consequence, we can give an explicit formula for the number of solutions of an equation system. Bitsize complexity for the algorithm is given in the case of Boolean polynomials. We also give a multiplication free characteristic set method for Boolean polynomials, where the sizes of the polynomials are effectively controlled. The algorithms are implemented in the case of Boolean polynomials and extensive experiments show that they are quite efficient for solving certain classes of Boolean equations.
Validation of the Adolescent Literacy and Academic Behavior Self-Efficacy Survey

More often than not, the major secondary and post-school concerns for youth and young adults with disabilities relate to literacy challenges. These challenges include reading, writing, strategic learning, and self-regulatory behaviors. Even challenging behaviors and school drop-out concerns frequently connect to literacy. We believe that there exists interdependence between confidence in ones' literacy skills (self-efficacy) and performance (literacy achievement and motivation to be in school). This article describes an adolescent literacy and academic behavior self-efficacy survey and the validation of this survey as a reliable literacy efficacy assessment. The article describes practitioner uses of the Adolescent Literacy and Academic Behavior Self- Efficacy Survey (ALAB) as an evaluation tool; ideas for building literacy self-efficacy are also offered and have been aligned with evidence-based practices. In addition, recommendations for future research connecting self-efficacy to desired transition outcomes are addressed.
Low Pepsinogen I Level Predicts Multiple Gastric Epithelial Neoplasias for Endoscopic Resection

Background/Aims Synchronous/metachronous gastric epithelial neoplasias (GENs) in the remaining lesion can develop at sites other than the site of endoscopic resection. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the predictive value of serum pepsinogen for detecting multiple GENs in patients who underwent endoscopic resection. Methods In total, 228 patients with GEN who underwent endoscopic resection and blood collection for pepsinogen I and II determination were evaluated retrospectively. Results The mean period of endoscopic follow-up was 748.8±34.7 days. Synchronous GENs developed in 46 of 228 (20.1%) and metachronous GENs in 27 of 228 (10.6%) patients during the follow-up period. Multiple GENs were associated with the presence of pepsinogen I <30 ng/mL (p<0.001). Synchronous GENs were associated with the presence of pepsinogen I <30 ng/mL (p<0.001). Conclusions Low pepsinogen I levels predict multiple GENs after endoscopic resection, especially synchronous GENs. Cautious endoscopic examination prior to endoscopic resection to detect multiple GENs should be performed for these patients.
Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

OBJECTIVE. The confluence of sleep/wake cycle and circadian rhythm changes that accompany pubertal development and the social and emotional developmental tasks of adolescence may create a period of substantial risk for development of insomnia. Although poor sleep affects cognitive performance and is associated with poor emotional and physical health, epidemiologic studies among adolescents have been limited. In this first epidemiologic study of insomnia defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria in a US sample of adolescents, we estimated lifetime prevalence of insomnia, examined chronicity and onset, and explored the role of pubertal development. METHODS. Data come from a random sample of 1014 adolescents who were 13 to 16 years of age, selected from households in a 400000-member health maintenance organization encompassing metropolitan Detroit. Response rate was 71.2%. The main outcome measured was DSM-IV–defined insomnia. RESULTS. Lifetime prevalence of insomnia was 10.7%. A total of 88% of adolescents with a history of insomnia reported current insomnia. The median age of onset of insomnia was 11. Of those with insomnia, 52.8% had a comorbid psychiatric disorder. In exploratory analyses of insomnia and pubertal development, onset of menses was associated with a 2.75-fold increased risk for insomnia. There was no difference in risk for insomnia among girls before menses onset relative to boys, but a difference emerged after menses onset. In contrast, maturational development was not associated with insomnia in boys. CONCLUSIONS. Insomnia seems to be common and chronic among adolescents. The often found gender difference in risk for insomnia seems to emerge in association with onset of menses.
Unraveling learners' perception towards the development of language proficiency under a learner-centered approach

In recent years, the idea of emphasizing the foreign language as a tool to construct knowledge and not only as a mere metalinguistic entity has gained considerable importance in many parts of Europe (Dalton-Puffer, 2007); however, in most Mexican public universities more traditional perspectives regarding foreign language learning still prevail (Davies, 2009), whereas the idea of less hegemonic learning environments remains mostly an alien concept. This paper is an attempt to address an aspect of learner-centred learning at a public university in central Mexico and presents the analysis of a research that comprises disciplinary English as a foreign language (efl) learning workshop. Its objective is to unravel the perception of two tertiary efl students towards this relatively uncharted approach in Mexico. The students were encouraged to use the target language as both an instrument to improve their language proficiency as well as to socially construct knowledge in disciplinary content.
Src, Fyn, and Yes Are Not Required for Neuromuscular Synapse Formation But Are Necessary for Stabilization of Agrin-Induced Clusters of Acetylcholine Receptors

Mice deficient in src and fyn orsrc and yes move and breathe poorly and die perinatally, consistent with defects in neuromuscular function. Src and Fyn are associated with acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in muscle cells, and Src and Yes can act downstream of ErbB2, suggesting roles for Src family kinases in signaling pathways regulating neuromuscular synapse formation. We studied neuromuscular synapses in src−/−; fyn−/− andsrc−/−; yes−/−mutant mice and found that muscle development, motor axon pathfinding, clustering of postsynaptic proteins, and synapse-specific transcription are normal in these double mutants, showing that these pairs of kinases are not required for early steps in synapse formation. We generated muscle cell lines lacking src and fyn and found that neural agrin and laminin-1 induced normal clustering of AChRs and that agrin induced normal tyrosine phosphorylation of the AChR β subunit in the absence of Src and Fyn. Another Src family member, most likely Yes, was associated with AChRs and phosphorylated by agrin in myotubes lacking Src and Fyn, indicating that Yes may compensate for the loss of Src and Fyn. Nevertheless, PP1 and PP2, inhibitors of Src-class kinases, did not inhibit agrin signaling, suggesting that Src class kinase activity is dispensable for agrin-induced clustering and tyrosine phosphorylation of AChRs. AChR clusters, however, were less stable in myotubes lacking Src and Fyn but not in PP1- or PP2-treated wild-type cells. These data show that the stabilization of agrin-induced AChR clusters requires Src and Fyn and suggest that the adaptor activities, rather than the kinase activities, of these kinases are essential for this stabilization.
Having it Both Ways: hierarchical focusing as research interview method

The increased use of interviewing in social and educational research has been accompanied and influenced by wide acceptance of a constructivist view of persons in recent social science. The present paper notes major sources of this viewpoint and highlights, amongst its implications for research interviewing, a validity dilemma concerning the relative roles of interviewer and interviewee. Aspects of this issue are illustrated by reference to two contrasting approaches in the recent study of social values. The strategy of hierarchical focusing is proposed as a systematic approach to the resolution of the dilemma. This approach to the design, conduct and analysis of interviews is illustrated in some detail by reference to a recent research application.
Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression in histologically normal margins of oral squamous cell carcinoma

The activity of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 (NOS2) was found in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) but not in normal mucosa. Molecular changes associated to early carcinogenesis have been found in mucosa near carcinomas, which is considered a model to study field cancerization. The aim of the present study is to analyze NOS2 expression at the histologically normal margins of OSCC. Study Design: Eleven biopsy specimens of OSCC containing histologically normal margins (HNM) were analyzed. Ten biopsies of normal oral mucosa were used as controls. The activity of NOS2 was determined by immunohistochemistry. Salivary nitrate and nitrite as well as tobacco and alcohol consumption were also analyzed. The Chi-squared test was applied. Results: Six out of the eleven HNM from carcinoma samples showed positive NOS2 activity whereas all the control group samples yielded negative (p=0.005). No statistically significant association between enzyme expression and tobacco and/or alcohol consumption and salivary nitrate and nitrite was found. Conclusions: NOS2 expression would be an additional evidence of alterations that may occur in a state of field cancerization before the appearance of potentially malignant morphological changes. Key words:Field cancerization, oral squamous cell carcinoma, Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 (NOS2), malignity markers.