Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Lynch syndrome among patients with colorectal cancer.

CONTEXT Lynch syndrome is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancer (CRC) and is caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Identification of gene carriers currently relies on germline analysis in patients with MMR-deficient tumors, but criteria to select individuals in whom tumor MMR testing should be performed are unclear. OBJECTIVE To establish a highly sensitive and efficient strategy for the identification of MMR gene mutation carriers among CRC probands. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Pooled-data analysis of 4 large cohorts of newly diagnosed CRC probands recruited between 1994 and 2010 (n = 10,206) from the Colon Cancer Family Registry, the EPICOLON project, the Ohio State University, and the University of Helsinki examining personal, tumor-related, and family characteristics, as well as microsatellite instability, tumor MMR immunostaining, and germline MMR mutational status data. MAIN OUTCOME Performance characteristics of selected strategies (Bethesda guidelines, Jerusalem recommendations, and those derived from a bivariate/multivariate analysis of variables associated with Lynch syndrome) were compared with tumor MMR testing of all CRC patients (universal screening). RESULTS Of 10,206 informative, unrelated CRC probands, 312 (3.1%) were MMR gene mutation carriers. In the population-based cohorts (n = 3671 probands), the universal screening approach (sensitivity, 100%; 95% CI, 99.3%-100%; specificity, 93.0%; 95% CI, 92.0%-93.7%; diagnostic yield, 2.2%; 95% CI, 1.7%-2.7%) was superior to the use of Bethesda guidelines (sensitivity, 87.8%; 95% CI, 78.9%-93.2%; specificity, 97.5%; 95% CI, 96.9%-98.0%; diagnostic yield, 2.0%; 95% CI, 1.5%-2.4%; P < .001), Jerusalem recommendations (sensitivity, 85.4%; 95% CI, 77.1%-93.6%; specificity, 96.7%; 95% CI, 96.0%-97.2%; diagnostic yield, 1.9%; 95% CI, 1.4%-2.3%; P < .001), and a selective strategy based on tumor MMR testing of cases with CRC diagnosed at age 70 years or younger and in older patients fulfilling the Bethesda guidelines (sensitivity, 95.1%; 95% CI, 89.8%-99.0%; specificity, 95.5%; 95% CI, 94.7%-96.1%; diagnostic yield, 2.1%; 95% CI, 1.6%-2.6%; P < .001). This selective strategy missed 4.9% of Lynch syndrome cases but resulted in 34.8% fewer cases requiring tumor MMR testing and 28.6% fewer cases undergoing germline mutational analysis than the universal approach. CONCLUSION Universal tumor MMR testing among CRC probands had a greater sensitivity for the identification of Lynch syndrome compared with multiple alternative strategies, although the increase in the diagnostic yield was modest.
Characterization of the hyperpolarization‐activated current, I(f), in ventricular myocytes isolated from hypertensive rats.

1. Left ventricular myocytes isolated from the heart of young (2‐month‐old) and old (18‐ to 20‐month‐old) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were studied in the whole‐cell configuration. Since multicellular preparations from old SHRs show a diastolic depolarization phase, we performed experiments to test whether it was associated with the presence of a hyperpolarization‐activated If‐like current. 2. In control Tyrode solution, a time‐dependent increasing inward current activated by hyperpolarization was recorded in myocytes from old SHRs showing a diastolic depolarization phase. A barium‐insensitive, caesium‐sensitive, time‐dependent inward current was recorded in a minority (4 of 33) of cells from young SHRs (membrane capacitance, 160 +/‐ 7 pF) but in 93% (25 of 27, P < 0.01) of myocytes from old SHRs (membrane capacitance, 355 +/‐ 19 pF, P < 0.01). 3. The current was fully activated at ‐120 mV and voltage of half‐maximal activation was ‐88.1 +/‐ 1.5 mV; it was blocked by extracellular CsCl (4 mM) in a voltage‐dependent manner. Reducing [K+]o from 25 to 5.4 mM caused a shift of the reversal potential from ‐17.3 +/‐ 3.8 to ‐25.7 +/‐ 2.7 mV and a 60% decrease of current conductance. 4. These findings suggest that an If‐like current is present in rat ventricular myocytes from old SHRs, where it might favour the occurrence of spontaneous action potentials.
Current status and trends of CMOS low voltage low power wireless IC designs

This paper surveys recent research on IC designs for wireless applications. Recent advances in device technologies and system architectures are presented. Recent low power wireless systems, both from academia and from industry, are summarized. Circuit design techniques and challenges for low voltage and low power applications are discussed. RF performance and power trade-offs are addressed. Examples of common RF building blocks, e.g. LNA's and VCO's, designed for sub-1 V power supplies are presented.
Evidence‐based practice for the busy nurse practitioner: Part one: Relevance to clinical practice and clinical inquiry process

Purpose: Evidence‐based practice (EBP) continues to gain momentum within health care. The purpose of this four‐part EBP series is to provide an introductory overview of the EBP process, emphasizing EBP steps one through three, in order to assist nurse practitioners (NPs) in building EBP skills that can be integrated into clinical practice. The relevance of EBP to the NP's clinical practice, an introduction to the EBP process steps, and clinical inquiry process begin the series. Data sources: Scientific literature review, gray literature, and online evidence‐based practice databases and resources. Conclusions: EBP has become increasingly important to NPs, yet there is evidence suggesting it is not being fully implemented in clinical practice. EBP is one way to keep the busy NP's knowledge up to date, enhance clinical judgment, and augment the existing provider–client decision‐making process. Implications for practice: The principles of EBP have become the cornerstone strategy for NPs to translate research findings into clinical practice. Practicing in an ever‐changing healthcare environment, NPs have a responsibility to provide their clients with the best available evidence, while incorporating that evidence into the provider–client decision‐making process.
Feasibility of In-Home Telehealth for Conducting Nursing Research

The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of using home audio/video telehealth equipment for administering nursing interventions to families, observing the client response, and collecting research data over specific intervals of time. The study design was a descriptive comparison with observational data collection. The subjects were adult patients (n = 5) using nighttime mechanical ventilators for obstructive sleep apnea and their home caregivers (n = 7). Skin color, vital signs, spirometry, and pulse oximetry data collected simultaneously through telehealth equipment and through nurse observation in the home were the same. Care and the caregiver’s use of the patient equipment were also observed. When nursing interventions, equipment demonstrations, visual illustrations, and audiotaped educational directions were used to facilitate patient care, they were transmitted across telehealth with a few exceptions. Costs of telehealth visits were less than traditional home visits, and client evaluations of telehealth were positive.
Electronic structure and optical properties of Co doped AlN from First-principles Study

The geometrical structure and Hubbard U parameter optimization and correction of Co doped 48-atom supercell of AlN was optimiazed by using the ultra-soft pseudopotential method of total-energy plane wave based on the density functional theory (DFT), combined with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) in this paper.The structure of Co doped AlN, bands and optical properties have been calculated and analyzed.The results show that Compared with the undoped AlN, Co doped AlN have band gap decreased and the absorption for the UV - visible light was enhanced.
On Three Forms of Thinking: Magical Thinking, Dream Thinking, and Transformative Thinking

The author believes that contemporary psychoanalysis has shifted its emphasis from the understanding of the symbolic meaning of dreams, play, and associations to the exploration of the processes of thinking, dreaming, and playing. In this paper, he discusses his understanding of three forms of thinking—magical thinking, dream thinking, and transformative thinking—and provides clinical illustrations in which each of these forms of thinking figures prominently. The author views magical thinking as a form of thinking that subverts genuine thinking and psychological growth by substituting invented psychic reality for disturbing external reality. By contrast, dream thinking—our most profound form of thinking—involves viewing an emotional experience from multiple perspectives simultaneously: for example, the perspectives of primary process and secondary process thinking. In transformative thinking, one creates a new way of ordering experience that allows one to generate types of feeling, forms of object relatedness, and qualities of aliveness that had previously been unimaginable.
Utility of millipore filter and cell block in thyroid needle aspirates: Which method is superior?

The main goal of thyroid fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is to distinguish nodules that require surgery from those that do not, thereby decreasing the number of diagnostic thyroidectomies. Several cytologic preparations are used to reach a definitive diagnosis, including smears using conventional stains, such as Diff‐Quik (DQ) and Papanicolaou (Pap), millipore filters (MF), and cell blocks (CB). This study is undertaken to study the efficacy and adequacy to reach a definitive diagnosis of two cytologic preparations, MF and CB, in thyroid aspirates.
Human peroxisomal disorders

Peroxisomes are single membrane‐bound cell organelles performing numerous metabolic functions. The present article aims to give an overview of our current knowledge about inherited peroxisomal disorders in which these organelles are lacking or one or more of their functions are impaired. They are multiorgan disorders and the nervous system is implicated in most. After a summary of the historical names and categories, each having distinct symptoms and prognosis, microscopic pathology is reviewed in detail. Data from the literature are added to experience in the authors' laboratory with 167 liver biopsy and autopsy samples from peroxisomal patients, and with a smaller number of chorion samples for prenatal diagnosis, adrenal‐, kidney‐, and brain samples. Various light and electron microscopic methods are used including enzyme‐ and immunocytochemistry, polarizing microscopy, and morphometry. Together with other laboratory investigations and clinical data, this approach continues to contribute to the diagnosis and further characterization of peroxisomal disorders, and the discovery of novel variants. When liver specimens are examined, three main groups including 9 novel variants (33 patients) are distinguished: (1) absence or (2) presence of peroxisomes, and (3) mosaic distribution of cells with and without peroxisomes (10 patients). Renal microcysts, polarizing trilamellar inclusions, and insoluble lipid in macrophages in liver, adrenal cortex, brain, and in interstitial cells of kidney are also valuable for classification. On a genetic basis, complementation of fibroblasts has classified peroxisome biogenesis disorders into 12 complementation groups. Peroxisome biogenesis genes (PEX), knock‐out‐mice, and induction of redundant genes are briefly reviewed, including some recent results with 4‐phenylbutyrate. Finally, regulation of peroxisome expression during development and in cell cultures, and by physiological factors is discussed. Microsc. Res. Tech. 61:203–223, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monitoring of Pesticides Residues in Italian Mineral Waters by Solid Phase Extraction and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Twenty-two pesticides and metabolites, selected on the basis of regional priority lists, were surveyed in thirty Italian mineral waters springs for three years by a procedure based on solid phase extraction in combination with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection. The procedure proved to be simple, sensitive and reliable, the limits of detection and relative standard deviations were respectively in the range of 0.002 - 0.04 μg/L and 3% - 7%, recoveries ranged from 86% to 105% at the European Union Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC). Pesticide residues were detected in just one of the ninety water samples analyzed but no one exceeding the MAC. These results demonstrate the good quality of Italian mineral waters, not forgetting the need of constant revision and update of the priority list of pollutants.
Reconfigurable Steganographic System with Hidden Double Laered Authentication

This work proposes a reconfigurable steganographic system offering mechanisms for secret sharing, reception of new and restoration of lost parts of the secret data, validity test for the parts of divided secret data, restoration of divided data employing a certain number of divided parts which provides long-term data storage. Finally this work introduces a mechanism for hidden double layered authentication, which hides the existence of steganographic system.
Multiobjective Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem and Time Seed Based Solution Using Particle Swarm Optimization

A multiobjective dynamic vehicle routing problem (M-DVRP) has been identified and a time seed based solution using particle swarm optimization (TS-PSO) for M-DVRP has been proposed. M-DVRP considers five objectives, namely, geographical ranking of the request, customer ranking, service time, expected reachability time, and satisfaction level of the customers. The multiobjective function of M-DVRP has four components, namely, number of vehicles, expected reachability time, and profit and satisfaction level. Three constraints of the objective function are vehicle, capacity, and reachability. In TS-PSO, first of all, the problem is partitioned into smaller size DVRPs. Secondly, the time horizon of each smaller size DVRP is divided into time seeds and the problem is solved in each time seed using particle swarm optimization. The proposed solution has been simulated in ns-2 considering real road network of New Delhi, India, and results are compared with those obtained from genetic algorithm (GA) simulations. The comparison confirms that TS-PSO optimizes the multiobjective function of the identified problem better than what is offered by GA solution.
GENERALIZATION OF LINEAR CONTROL TOOLS FOR COMPLEX VECTORS

Abstract Complex vectors have established them selves as powerful tool in the modeling and control of three-phase electrical AC systems. Generalization of classical control tools like root locus and frequency response function for the case of complex variables will be shown in this paper to provide tremendous insight in the analysis and design of high performance, three-phase current regulators for AC systems.
Finding Schumpeter : An Empirical Study of Competition and Technology Adoption ∗

We estimate the effect of competition on the adoption of a cost-reducing technology in the cement industry, using data that span 1949-2013. The new technology, the precalciner kiln, reduces fuel usage and hence fuel costs. We find adoption is more likely if the cost savings are large, and less likely if there are many nearby competitors (accounting for the endogeneity of competition). We also find that competition damps the positive effect of cost savings. The results are consistent with theoretical models in which competition deprives firms of the scale necessary to recoup sunk adoption costs. We develop implications for environmental and antitrust policy.
Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk and serum during acute and chronic experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Local and systemic changes in the acute phase proteins, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA), were studied in six dairy cows during the acute and chronic phases of experimentally induced Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. Haptoglobin and SAA were measured in serum, and in milk from infected and healthy control udder quarters within each cow. Concentrations of haptoglobin and SAA increased rapidly in both serum and milk during the acute phase of mastitis and followed a similar pattern. Significantly raised milk concentrations of SAA were also found during chronic subclinical mastitis. Serum concentrations of SAA also tended to be higher during the chronic phase than pre-infection. Increases in milk haptoglobin and SAA were specific for the infected udder quarters. In conclusion, measurement of SAA in milk samples could be a useful tool in diagnosing mastitis.
Linkage Analysis Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms

We performed multipoint linkage analysis using 83 markers from the SNP Consortium (TSC) SNP linkage map in 3 regions covering 190 cM previously scanned with microsatellite markers and found to be linked to type 2 diabetes. Since the average linkage disequilibrium present in the TSC SNP marker clusters is relatively low, we assumed the intracluster genetic distances were a reasonable small nonzero distance (0.03 cM) and performed linkage analysis using GENEHUNTER PLUS and ASM linkage analysis software. We found that for the pedigree structures and missing data patterns in our samples the average information content in all three regions and the LOD score curves in two regions obtained from the TSC SNP markers were similar to results obtained from microsatellite marker maps with 10 cM average spacing. We also give an algorithm which extends the Lander-Green algorithm to permit multipoint linkage analysis of clusters of tightly linked markers with arbitrarily high levels of intracluster linkage disequilibrium.
AT1 Receptor Antagonism Does Not Influence Early Radiation-Induced Changes in Microglial Activation or Neurogenesis in the Normal Rat Brain

Abstract Blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) ameliorate cognitive deficits and some aspects of brain injury after whole-brain irradiation. We investigated whether treatment with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist L-158,809 at a dose that protects cognitive function after fractionated whole-brain irradiation reduced radiation-induced neuroinflammation and changes in hippocampal neurogenesis, well-characterized effects that are associated with radiation-induced brain injury. Male F344 rats received L-158,809 before, during and after a single 10-Gy dose of radiation. Expression of cytokines, angiotensin II receptors and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was evaluated by real-time PCR 24 h, 1 week and 12 weeks after irradiation. At the latter times, microglial density and proliferating and activated microglia were analyzed in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Cell proliferation and neurogenesis were also quantified in the dentate subgranular zone. L-158,809 treatment modestly increased mRNA expression for Ang II receptors and TNF-α but had no effect on radiation-induced effects on hippocampal microglia or neurogenesis. Thus, although L-158,809 ameliorates cognitive deficits after whole-brain irradiation, the drug did not mitigate the neuroinflammatory microglial response or rescue neurogenesis. Additional studies are required to elucidate other mechanisms of normal tissue injury that may be modulated by RAAS blockers.
Immigrant Homeownership during the Great Recession and Beyond : Role of Birth Networks . ∗

The Great Recession had significant economic effects both in the U.S. and around the world. There is evidence that homeownership rates declined during this period, though immigrants were less severely affected compared to natives. In this paper we investigate the role of several factors in reducing the vulnerability of immigrants in the face of the economic crisis and increasing the probability of their homeownership. Specifically, we examine to what extent immigrants’ birthplace networks, savings, length of stay in the U.S., and citizenship status affect the probability of homeownership before the recession and to what extent their impact on homeownership have changed since the recession. Using data for the years 2000 2012, our results suggest that birthplace networks have a significant effect on homeownership and this effect increases after the onset of the recession. Moreover, the impact of birthplace network on homeownership is stronger for citizens and those who are not recent immigrants. We also find heterogenous impacts in the impact of savings, length of stay and citizenship status when comparing the prerecession period to the post. JEL classification: R20, R23, J11, J15,
The complex role of DNA, histones and HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of SLE

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in association with protean clinic manifestations. ANA can bind to nuclear molecules, most prominently DNA and histones in nucleosomes, to form complexes to promote pathogenesis. Because of the intrinsic immunological activity of the nuclear components, these complexes can amplify responses by interacting with diverse pattern recognition receptors and internal sensing systems. Among molecules associated with nucleosomal components, HMGB1, a non-histone protein, can emanate from activated and dying cells; HMGB1’s immune activity is determined by post-translational modifications, redox state, and binding to other immune mediators. Although ANAs form complexes that deposit in the kidney or induce type 1 interferon, ANAs may also block immune activity. Together, these studies highlight the importance of complexes in the pathogenesis of lupus and their role as antigens, immunogens, and adjuvants.
A study of space-time clustering in Hodgkin's disease in the Manchester region.

MacMahon (1966), in a comprehensive review of the epidemiology of Hodgkin's disease, provided evi dence for the hypothesis that Hodgkin's disease may consist of several separate entities. Cole, MacMahon, and Aisenberg (1968) supported this hypothesis by analysis of regional and age variation in mortality within the United States. Smithers (1970) has reviewed the epidemiological and clinical evidence and he concludes that it is unlikely that Hodgkin's disease is two distinct conditions. Families with more than one affected member have been reported, in which the disease occurred at the same time among relatives of different ages (DeVore and Doan, 1957; Razis, Diamond, and Craver, 1959). On the basis of this, together with the clinical and patho logical features of Hodgkin's disease, MacMahon (1966) suggested that one variety may be triggered off by infections. Fraumeni and Li (1969) and Cridland (1961) have shown that an excess of cases presents in the winter months. Clemmesen, Busk, and Nielsen (1952), who used a crude mapping tech nique, reported microclusters of the disease. Fraumeni and Li (1969) looked for time and space clustering in 314 affected children; they were unable to identify any evidence of clustering of cases using the procedure developed by Ederer, Myers, and Mantel (1964). Alderson and Nayak (1971) carried out a pre liminary analysis of incidence data for 370 patients presenting with Hodgkin's disease over a period of four years in the Manchester area; they showed a trimodal age distribution and variation in the preponderance of males at different ages, as re ported by other authors (MacMahon, 1966; Clem mesen, 1965). There was no appreciable variation in the social class or marital status of the patients compared with the population from which they were drawn, but analysis of the date of first attend ance at hospital revealed a significant peak of patients first attending in the second quarter of the year. There was an excess of patients close to gether in space and time, the clustering being signi