Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attachment and Mother-Child Communication in Adjustment to the Death of a Father Among Cambodian Adolescents

This study examined quality of attachment to the mother and child-mother communication in adolescents' adjustment to the death of a father. Forty-eight Cambodian adolescents whose father had died within the previous 3 years completed a set of measures that included attachment, communication, grief, and self-esteem. Results showed that quality of attachment to the mother and whether the adolescent communicated with the mother about the father and found this to be helpful were positively related to adaptive grief and self-esteem. Moreover, support was shown for an indirect effect of quality of attachment to the mother on adaptive grief as mediated by communication. Implications of the findings for quality of attachment in adjustment to bereavement in a non-Western cultural context are discussed.
Towards a BPEL unit testing framework

The Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) is emerging as the new standard in Web service composition. As more and more workflows are modelled using BPEL, unit-testing these compositions becomes increasingly important. However, little research has been done in this area and no frameworks comparable to the xUnit family are available. In this paper, we propose a layer-based approach to creating frameworks for repeatable, white-box BPEL unit testing, which we use for the development of a new testing framework. This framework uses a specialized BPEL-level testing language to describe interactions with a BPEL process to be carried out in a test case. The framework supports automated test execution and offers test management capabilities in a standardized and open way via well-defined interfaces -- even to third-party applications.
Susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus to Cell Wall Inhibitors and Development of a Novel Selective Medium for S. sobrinus

Representative strains of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus showed differences in susceptibility to members of the monobactam group of β-lactam antibiotics: S. sobrinus was less sensitive than S. mutans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of aztreonam (AZT) and carumonam, both of which belong to this group, were 2,000 µg/ml for S. sobrinus and 125 µg/ml for S. mutans. Further addition of fosfomycin, bacitracin and sodium chloride to Mitis Salivarius agar (MS) supplemented with AZT resulted in growth inhibition of S. mutans and oral streptococci other than S. sobrinus, and was therefore used as a selective medium for S. sobrinus (MS-SOB medium). The average growth recovery of laboratory and clinically isolated strains of S. sobrinus on MS-SOB medium was 74.1% compared to that on MS medium. Seventy-eight percent of clinical samples in which S. sobrinus was detected yielded pure growth of S. sobrinus on MS-SOB medium.
Alternation of band gap and localization of excitons in InGaNAs nanostructures with low nitrogen content

Continuous wave photoluminescence (cw PL) spectroscopy has been used to study the optical properties of a set of InGaNAs epilayers and single quantum wells with nitrogen concentration less than a few per cent at different temperatures and different excitation powers. We found that nitrogen has a critical role on the emission light of InGaNAs nanostructures and the recombination mechanism. The incorporation of a few per cent of nitrogen leads to shrinkage of the InGaNAs band gap. The physical origin of such band gap reduction has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically by using a band anticrossing model. We have found that localization of excitons that have been caused by incorporation of a few per cent of nitrogen in these structures is the main explanation of such anomalous behavior observed in the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra of these nanostructures. The localization energies of carriers have been evaluated by studying the variation of the quantum well (QW) emission versus temperature, and it was found that the localization energy increases with increasing nitrogen composition. Our data also show that, with increasing excitation intensity, the PL peak position moves to higher energies (blue shift) due to the filling of localized states and capture centers for excitons by photo-generated carriers.
Endogenous nitrogen excretion and utilization of dietary protein

1. The endogenous nitrogen losses of men of different ethnic, ecological and socio-economic backgrounds are similar when calculated per unit body-weight or per unit basal energy consumption. The hypothesis that endogenous N losses, adjusted upwards by a factor of 0.30 to equate them with N equilibrium, can be used to derive man's physiological requirements for proteins of high quality, e.g. those of egg and milk, was studied. 2. Men living in Nigeria, accustomed to eat diets which provided mixtures of protein only slightly higher than the ‘safe level of intake’ proposed by the Joint FAO/WHO ad hoc Expert Committee on Energy and Protein Requirements (FAO/WHO, 1973), were found to use absorbed N more efficiently than University of California students who habitually consume diets which supply a great excess of protein over that ‘safe level’. 3. The greater protein-sparing effect of carbohydrates than of fats and oils may play a part in this more efficient use of protein by men living in developing countries. Also, man possesses mechanisms in intermediary metabolism which allow him to adjust to low levels of protein intake. 4. Thus it appears that all apparently healthy men cannot be considered equal in regard to their requirements for protein.
Womanist Consciousness: Maggie Lena Walker and the Independent Order of Saint Luke

We take our stand on the solidarity of humanity, the oneness of life, and the unnaturalness and injustice of all special favoritisms, whether of sex, race, country, or condition. If one link of the chain be broken, the chain is broken. We want, then, as toilers for the universal triumph of justice and human rights, to go to our homes from this Congress, demanding an entrance not through a gateway for ourselves, our race, our sex, or our sect, but a grand highway for humanity. The colored woman feels that woman's cause is one and universal; and that not till . race, color, sex, and condition are seen as the accidents, and not the substance of life; . not till then is woman's lesson taught and woman's cause won-not the white woman's, nor the black woman's, nor the red woman's, but the cause of every man and of every woman who has writhed silently under a mighty wrong. Woman's wrongs are thus indissolubly linked with all undefended woe, and the acquirement of her "rights" will mean the final triumph of all right over might, the supremacy of the moral forces of reason, and justice, and love in the government of the nations of earth.8 7 Chikwenye Okonjo Ogunyemi, "Womanism: The Dynamics of the Contemporary Black Female Novel in English," Signs 11, no. 1 (Autumn 1985): 63-80. 8 May Wright Sewall, ed., World's Congress of Representative Women (Chicago, 1893), 715, quoted in Bert James Loewenberg and Ruth Bogin, eds., Black Women in Nineteenth-Century American Life: Their Words, Their Thoughts, Their Feelings
Nerve growth factor modulates keratinocyte proliferation in murine skin organ culture

Summary Despite the fact that several cell types residing in or travelling through the skin are targets and/or sources of nerve growth factor (NGF), little is known about the role of NGF in skin development, physiology and disease. Employing a previously defined skin organ culture assay for studying the proliferation of murine keratinocytes in their natural tissue environment, we have assessed the effect of murine NGF (7S) on keratinocyte proliferation in intact skin derived from two defined stages of the murine hair cycle. We found that 10–200 ng/ml NGF stimulated epidermal keratinocyte proliferation in organ‐cultured C57 BL‐6 mouse skin in the telogen phase of the hair cycle. Follicle keratinocyte proliferation was stimulated by 100 ng/ml NGF in telogen skin organ culture, but this concentration of NGF inhibited both epidermal and follicle keratinocyte proliferation in organ culture of anagen skin. The latter inhibitory effect of NGF was abrogated by co‐incubation with neutralizing anti‐NGF antibodies or with the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine. The proliferation‐modulatory effects of NGF were associated with the induction of significant mast cell degranulation, and were inhibited by cromoglycate co‐administration. This is the first report of a modulatory, hair cycle‐dependent effect of NGF on keratinocyte proliferation in situ, which may require the presence of mast cells. Our study supports the notion of auto‐ and paracrine functions of NGF in murine skin physiology, which can be further assessed in the physiologically relevant mouse model delineated here.
Techniques for Effective and Efficient Fire Detection from Social Media Images

Crowdsourcing and social media could provide valuable information to support decision making in crisis management, such as in accidents, explosions and fires. However, much of the data from social media are images, which are uploaded in a rate that makes it impossible for human beings to analyze them. Despite the many works on image analysis, there are no fire detection studies on social media. To fill this gap, we propose the use and evaluation of a broad set of content-based image retrieval and classification techniques for fire detection. Our main contributions are: (i) the development of the Fast-Fire Detection method (FFireDt), which combines feature extractor and evaluation functions to support instance-based learning; (ii) the construction of an annotated set of images with ground-truth depicting fire occurrences â the Flickr-Fire dataset; and (iii) the evaluation of 36 efficient image descriptors for fire detection. Using real data from Flickr, our results showed that FFireDt was able to achieve a precision for fire detection that was comparable to that of human annotators. Therefore, our work shall provide a solid basis for further developments on monitoring images from social media and crowdsourcing.
Becoming “The Best Possible” Family Counsellor or Family Mediator: What Expertise Research Has to Say

The personal and professional desire to do “the best possible” in working with families either as a counsellor or a mediator drives the development of new theories, models of practice, research, and publishing. But what constitutes expertise in family work, and how do family practitioners develop excellence in day-to-day practice families? This article argues for a place for “expertise research”, alongside the development of models and theories in family counselling and family mediation. It draws on the findings on the development of expertise in complex domains of practice (Ericsson & Smith, 1991; Sternberg & Grigorenko, 2003), with particular reference to counselling and family therapy (Holmes, 1998, 2004, 2005) and naturalistic judgment and decision in ambiguous, emotion- charged, and time-limited circumstances (Zsambok, 1997). The nature of expertise is explored and a brief summary of research findings provided. Ideas are advanced as to how expertise research has developed over time, and how it may contribute to quality of practice in family counselling and family mediation.
One-Year Outcome and Its Prediction in First-Episode Schizophrenia – A Naturalistic Study

Background: The literature suggests that the early course of schizophrenia is a strong predictor of long-term outcome. We sought to test this notion in a sample of first-episode patients. Sampling and Methods: Forty patients with a first episode of DSM-IV diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective, or schizophreniform disorder were assessed with well-established instruments such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Strauss-Carpenter Scale. Reassessment was performed 14 months later and included the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale in addition to the aforementioned instruments and a psychiatric interview. Regression analyses for the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and symptomatology were used to identify outcome predictors. Results: At follow-up, 27 patients (67.5%) were in remission. Women’s outcome was significantly better with respect to intimate relationships and domiciliary independence. Although symptomatology of the whole group remained stable during the follow-up period, a subgroup of patients experienced a significant decrease in symptom levels whereas symptoms increased in another subgroup. The most important predictor of outcome was compliance with atypical antipsychotic medication during the follow-up period. Conclusions: These results suggest that there is a prognostic divide early in the course of the disease, that compliance with medication is of overriding importance towards 1-year outcome, and that for the individual patient the question of chronicity may be answered very early in the course of the disease.
Self-reported symptom burden; outcome in 418 patients from the Newcastle Vasovagal (Neurocardiogenic) cohort.

BACKGROUND Natural history of Vasovagal syndrome (Neurocardiogenic; NCS) is unclear. AIM To examine symptoms in a large cohort with head up tilt diagnosed NCS. METHODS Questionnaires were posted to 485 patients with NCS. Data included demographic details, age at referral, presenting and on-going symptoms (syncope, dizziness and falls), symptom frequency (daily, weekly, monthly) and burden. RESULTS A total of 418 questionnaires were returned (response rate 86%), 67% female. Median age at first presentation 60 (range 10-90), with men younger (54 vs. 63; P = 0.01). Seventy percent presented with syncope. Median follow-up 5 years (1-8). At follow-up 147(35%) were asymptomatic. The asymptomatic group was older (73 vs. 65; P = 0.0001) with more males (39 vs. 29%; P = 0.04). Those presenting with syncope were more likely to be symptom-free than those with dizziness (P < 0.02). Symptom frequency was greatest for those reporting dizziness at follow-up (P < 0.05). Sixty (22%) reported symptoms never preventing activities [predominantly those reporting dizziness (P = 0.04)]. Although there was a significant reduction of symptoms overall, there was a significant increase in those reporting dizziness only (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Of those with NCS, 35% will be symptom-free at 5 years regardless of presenting symptom or treatment received.
Adaptive multipath source routing in ad hoc networks

In this paper, we propose a new multipath routing protocol for ad hoc wireless networks-multipath source routing (MSR), which is an extension of DSR (dynamic source routing). Based on the measurement of RTT, we propose a scheme to distribute load among multiple paths. The simulation results show that our approach improves the packet delivery ratio and the throughput of TCP and UDP, and reduces the end-to-end delay and the average queue size, while adding little overhead. As a result, MSR decreases the network congestion and increases the path fault tolerance quite well.
Constructions of death and levels of death fear

Abstract Sixty students were administered the Threat Index (an instrument derived from personal construct theory) and Feifel's measures of the conscious level, the fantasy level, and the nonconscious level of fear of death in order to investigate both the relationship of the Threat Index to the various death-fear levels and to assess the extent of interrelationships among Feifel's three levels. Although the total amount of relationship was low, the Threat Index appeared to be related to all three of Feifel's levels but found its strongest relationship at the conscious and fantasy levels. In terms of the Feifel measures, there seemed to be some indication that two, not three, levels were being assessed—perhaps conscious versus nonconscious. The lowest degree of relationship was found with the below-the-level-of-awareness measures. Unexpectedly the Threat Index demonstrated a vigilance effect on the nonconscious level; high-threat students reacted faster to death words. A relatively high amount of convergen.
Bilateral meningoencephaloceles with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea after facial advancement in the Crouzon syndrome

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea and encephaloceles are rare complications of craniofacial advancement procedures performed in patients with craniofacial dysostoses (CD) to address the ramifications of their midface hypoplasia including obstructed nasal airway, exorbitism, and impaired mastication. Surgical repair of this CSF rhinorrhea is complicated by occult elevations in intracranial pressure (ICP), potentially necessitating open, transcranial repair. We report the first case in otolaryngology literature of a patient with Crouzon syndrome with late CSF rhinorrhea and encephalocele formation after previous LeFort III facial advancement surgery. Objectives Describe the case of a patient with Crouzon syndrome who presented with CSF rhinorrhea and encephaloceles as complications of Le Fort III facial advancement surgery. Review the literature pertaining to the incidence and management of post-operative CSF rhinorrhea and encephaloceles. Analyze issues related to repair of these complications, including occult elevations in ICP, the utility of perioperative CSF shunts, and the importance of considering alternative repair schemes to the traditional endonasal, endoscopic approach. Methods Review of the literature describing CSF rhinorrhea and encephalocele formation following facial advancement in CD, focusing on management strategies. Results CSF rhinorrhea and encephalocele formation are rare complications of craniofacial advancement procedures. Occult elevations in ICP complicate the prospect of permanent surgical repair, potentially necessitating transcranial repair and the use of CSF shunts. Though no consensus exists regarding the utility of perioperative CSF drains, strong associations exist between elevated ICP and failed surgical repair. Additionally, the anatomic changes in the frontal and ethmoid sinuses after facial advancement present a challenge to endoscopic repair. Conclusion Otolaryngologists should be aware of the possibility of occult elevations in ICP and sinonasal anatomic abnormalities when repairing CSF rhinorrhea in patients with CD. Clinicians should consider CSF shunt placement and carefully weigh the advantages of the transcranial approach versus endonasal, endoscopic techniques.
Towards point of care human energy expenditure measurement on a hand-held breath analyser

A newly developed low-cost, hand-held calorimeter is reported for the measurement of energy expenditure (EE) from human breath. The prototype device uses oxygen (low-power electrochemical) and carbon dioxide (low-power novel NDIR) sensors to calculate the energy burned over a given period. Knowledge of the energy required by the body is critical to healthcare applications (to ensure adequate feeding during recovery) and society (to halt the global trend towards an obese population). Reference measurements were taken inside a hospital respiratory room with the hand-held unit giving an error +2.4 %, an analyser with commercial sensors an error of +7.9 %, and calculated values (Harris Benedict) with an error of +41.4 %. Further work involves utilising the portability of the analyser to perform measurements outside of a hospital environment with a smartphone to display the EE information, and a detailed investigation of the volatile biomarkers in exhaled breath for the diagnosis of diseases and metabolism disorders.
Leading Machiavellians

Machiavellians are said to be manipulative people who reduce the social capital of the organization. Yet some authors note that Machiavellians are also highly adaptive individuals who are able to contribute, cooperate, and use pro-social strategies when it is advantageous to them. Here we study whether transformational leader behavior can stimulate Machiavellian followers to engage in organizationally desirable behaviors such as challenging organizational citizenship behavior. We hypothesized and found in two multi-source field studies that transformational leadership moderates the relationship between Machiavellianism and challenging organizational citizenship behavior. In Study 2, we hypothesized a moderated mediation model and found that enhanced job autonomy and accompanying intrinsic motivation relating to transformational leadership explain (part of) the relationship between transformational leader behavior and challenging citizenship behavior of Machiavellian followers.
Affecting market efficiency by increasing speed of order matching systems on financial exchanges - investigation using agent based model

Recently, the speed of order matching systems on financial exchanges has been increasing due to competition between markets and due to large investor demands. There is an opinion that this increase is good for liquidity by increasing the number of traders providing liquidity. On the other hand, there is also the opposite opinion that this increase might destabilize financial markets and increase the cost of such systems and of investors' order systems. We investigated price formations and market efficiency for various “latencies” (length of time required to transport data); while other settings remained the same, by using artificial market simulations which model is a kind of agent based models. The simulation results indicated that latency should be sufficiently smaller than the average order interval for a market to be efficient and clarified the mechanisms of the direct effects of latency on financial market efficiency. This implication is generally opposite to that in which the increase in the speed of matching systems might destabilize financial markets.
Regulation of Sperm Capacitation by the 26S Proteasome: An Emerging New Paradigm in Spermatology1

ABSTRACT The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) participates in many biological processes ranging from cell cycle and antigen processing to cellular defense and signaling. Work of the last decade has made it evident that the UPS is involved in many sperm-related processes leading up to and as part of fertilization. The current knowledge of UPS involvement and changes during sperm capacitation are reviewed together with a list of known proteasome-associated sperm proteins and a discussion of the relationships between these proteins and the proteasome. Proteasomal inhibitors such as MG-132 and epoxomicin significantly alter capacitation and prevent acrosome reaction. The 26S proteasome degrades AKAP3, an A-kinase anchoring protein, partially regulating the release of protein-kinase A (PKA), a vital component necessary for the steps leading up to capacitation. Further, changes occur in 20S core subunit localization and abundance throughout capacitation. Proteasome-interacting valosine-containing protein (VCP) undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation; however, its physiological roles in capacitation and fertilization remain unknown. The E1-type ubiquitin-activating enzyme (UBA1) inhibitor PYR-41 also alters acrosomal membrane remodeling during capacitation. Furthermore, after capacitation, the acrosomal proteasomes facilitate the degradation of zona pellucida glycoproteins leading up to fertilization. Methods to modulate the sperm proteasome activity during sperm storage and capacitation may translate to increased reproductive efficiency in livestock animals. Human male infertility diagnostics may benefit from incorporation of research outcomes built upon relationships between UPS and capacitation. Altogether, the studies reviewed here support the involvement of UPS in sperm capacitation and present opportunities for new discoveries.