Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Individual and Organizational Learning: New Evidence from Managerial Learning Practices

The relationship between individual and organizational learning remains one of the contested issues in organizational learning debates. This article provides new evidence about the relationship between individual and organizational learning and presents empirical findings exploring the learning practices of individual managers. The discussion reveals the psychosocial dimensions of learning as a process that transcends across multiple levels and units of analysis. The analysis of the relationship between individual and organizational learning highlights the multiple and interlocking contexts that define the content and process of learning in organizations, the politics of learning at work and the institutional identity of individuals’ learning as a reflection of organizational learning (or lack of it). The article concludes with a review of the implications of the findings for future research on learning in organizations and the way we study the relationship between individual and organizational learning.
Perceived Changes in Health and Interactions With “the Paracetamol Force”

Recent European Union expansion has permitted new, but complex, health interactions for migrants. This study examined perceived changes in health and interactions with the British National Health Service among new Polish migrants. In a mixed methods sequential study, questionnaires were administered at Time 1 (n = 418), Time 2 (n = 222), and Time 3 (n = 214). Thirty respondents participated in interviews 6 months after arrival; 25 of these were interviewed 1 year later. Age, psychological and cognitive resources, social support, discrimination, and economic status predicted perceived health changes. Interviews revealed cultural differences in treatment procedures and the role of social networks in health service expectations.
Bayesian Filtering of Surface EMG for Accurate Simultaneous and Proportional Prosthetic Control

The amplitude of the surface EMG (sEMG) is commonly estimated by rectification or other nonlinear transformations, followed by smoothing (low-pass linear filtering). Although computationally efficient, this approach leads to an estimation accuracy with a limited theoretical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Since sEMG amplitude is one of the most relevant features for myoelectric control, its estimate has become one of the limiting factors for the performance of myoelectric control applications, such as powered prostheses. In this study, we present a recursive nonlinear estimator of sEMG amplitude based on Bayesian filtering. Furthermore, we validate the advantage of the proposed Bayesian filter over the conventional linear filters through an online simultaneous and proportional control (SPC) task, performed by eight able-bodied subjects and three below-elbow limb deficient subjects. The results demonstrated that the proposed Bayesian filter provides significantly more accurate SPC, particularly for the patients, when compared with conventional linear filters. This result presents a major step toward accurate prosthetic control for advanced multi-function prostheses.
On the Degrees of Freedom Achievable Through Interference Alignment in a MIMO Interference Channel

Consider a K-user flat fading MIMO interference channel where the kth transmitter (or receiver) is equipped with Mk (respectively Nk) antennas. If an exponential (in K) number of generic channel extensions are used either across time or frequency, Cadambe and Jafar [1] showed that the total achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) can be maximized via interference alignment, resulting in a total DoF that grows linearly with A even if Mk and Nk are bounded. In this work we consider the case where no channel extension is allowed, and establish a general condition that must be satisfied by any degrees of freedom tuple (d1. d2.dK) achievable through linear interference alignment. For a symmetric system with Mk = M, Nk = N, dk = d for all k, this condition implies that the total achievable DoF cannot grow linearly with K, and is in fact no more than K(M + N)/(K + 1). We also show that this bound is tight when the number of antennas at each transceiver is divisible by d, the number of data streams per user.
Interprofessional student-led clinics: An innovative approach to the support of older people in the community

ABSTRACT A student-led clinic was established to provide both an opportunity for interprofessional student education and the delivery of patient care. Fourth- or final-year students from allied health, medicine, and nursing worked in mixed professional teams to review the health of community-dwelling older people recently discharged from acute hospitals. We designed a prospective evaluation to study services delivered and their perceived value. Between 2011 and 2013, 98 patients who had been recently discharged from an acute medical ward attended the clinic. Students generated referrals for many services, most commonly physiotherapy, podiatry, and review by a general practitioner. Patient perceptions of consultations, measured with the Patient Experience Questionnaire, were gathered from 61 out of 96 (64%) participants and were generally favourable, with the communication domain scoring the most favourably. Undergraduate students, working in mixed professional teams, are able to deliver a useful additional health promotion service to older people.
Visualizing Cellular Phosphoinositide Pools with GFP-Fused Protein-Modules

Inositol phospholipids are well known for their pivotal role in calcium signaling as precursors of important second messengers generated in response to various stimuli. However, over the last 10 years, inositides have also emerged as universal signaling components present in virtually every membrane of eukaryotic cells. These lipids are locally produced and degraded by the numerous inositide kinase and phosphatase enzymes, to control the recruitment and activity of protein signaling complexes in specific membrane compartments. The spatial and temporal constraints imposed on changes in cellular inositides pose new challenges in finding experimental techniques through which such changes can be examined. Taking advantage of the protein domains selected by evolution to recognize cellular phosphoinositides, we have created fluorescent molecules by fusing these domains to the improved version of green fluorescent protein (EGFP); the distribution of these fusion proteins can be followed within live cells, thereby reporting on changes in phosphoinositides. Although this technique is one of the few that provide information on phosphoinositide dynamics in live cells with subcellular resolution and has rapidly gained popularity, it also has limitations that need to be taken into account when interpreting the data. Here, we summarize our experience in designing and using these constructs and review our position concerning the interpretation of the data obtained by this technique.
Manipulation of motivational climate in physical education: Effects of a seven-month intervention

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of an intervention programme that manipulated task, authority, recognition, grouping, evaluation and time (TARGET) structures on the cognitive and affective response of students to their physical education (PE) lesson. The sample consisted of 374 high school students (M age = 13.8, S.D. = .73) assigned to either an intervention or a control group. The students completed measures of perceptions of motivational (task- and ego-involving) climate, dispositional achievement goals (task and ego orientation), intrinsic motivation and trait anxiety (cognitive processes, somatic anxiety and worry). The questionnaires were administered at the beginning and at the end of the academic year, that is, within a period of seven months. In between the two measurements, PE teachers taught the intervention group using the TARGET structures. The results of a Multilevel Random Coefficient Modelling indicated that students in the intervention group reported higher levels of teachers' emphasis on learning orientation, students' learning orientation, students' task orientation, enjoyment and perceived competence, and lower levels of worry after the intervention. These findings support the positive influence of TARGET structures on cognitive and affective responses of the students to PE lessons.
Promoter Hypermethylation Profile of Kidney Cancer with New Proapoptotic p53 Target Genes and Clinical Implications

Purpose: Risk stratification of renal cell carcinoma is based on the histopathologic classification. Promoter hypermethylation as a mechanism of gene inactivation in renal cell carcinoma has been shown for only a small number of genes. We examined the usefulness of quantitative methylation analysis with a new set of p53 target genes for determining the clinical outcome and aggressiveness of the tumor disease. Experimental Design: The genes selected were APAF-1, CASPASE-8, DAPK-1, IGFBP-3, and PML. The tissue samples analyzed were taken from tumor specimens obtained from 90 consecutive patients with clear cell renal carcinoma and from 20 normal kidney specimens. Quantitative methylation analysis of CpG sites in the promoter region was done by methylation-specific real-time PCR and the normalized index of methylation (NIM) was determined for each sample. Results: Hypermethylation of the promoter region was common for APAF-1 (97%) and DAPK-1 (41%) but not for IGFBP-3 (3%), PML (3%), or CASP-8 (0%). The tumor patients had a median follow-up of 55 months. A correlation was found between the methylation level of APAF-1 and tumor size and nodal status, but not for tumor stage, grade, and age of patient. Kaplan-Meier analysis was able to identify patients with a higher risk of recurrence and tumor-related death by using APAF-1 (≥56% NIM) and DAPK-1 (≥10% NIM) methylation levels. In multivariate analysis, APAF-1 and DAPK-1 methylation levels were independent prognostic markers for metastatic disease and death from renal cell carcinoma. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that promoter hypermethylation of APAF-1 and DAPK-1 is a marker of aggressive renal cell carcinoma and provides independent prognostic information on disease outcome.
Metallothionein-dependent up-regulation of TGF-β2 participates in the remodelling of the myxomatous mitral valve.

AIMS Although an excessive extracellular matrix remodelling has been well described in myxomatous mitral valve (MMV), the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Our goal was to identify dysregulated genes in human MMV and then to evaluate their functional role in the progression of the disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Dysregulated genes were investigated by transcriptomic, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analyses of the P2 segment collected from human idiopathic MMV during valvuloplasty (n = 23) and from healthy control valves (n = 17). The most striking results showed a decreased expression of two families of genes: the metallothioneins-1 and -2 (MT1/2) and members of the ADAMTS. The mechanistic consequences of the reduced level of MT1/2 were evaluated by silencing their expression in normal valvular interstitial cells (VICs) cultures. The knock-down of MT1/2 resulted in the up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2). Most importantly, TGF-β2 was also found significantly increased in MMV tissues. The activation of VICs in vitro by TGF-β2 induced a down-regulation of ADAMTS-1 and an accumulation of versican as observed in human MMV. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate for the first time that MMV are characterized by reduced levels of MT1/2 accompanied by an up-regulation of TGF-β2. In turn, increased TGF-β2 signalling induces down-regulation of aggrecanases and up-regulation of versican, two co-operating processes that potentially participate in the development of the pathology.
Modelling Hebbian cell assemblies comprised of cortical neurons

A highly simplified network model of cortical associative memory, based on Hebb's theory of cell assemblies, has been developed and simulated. The network comprises realistically modelled pyramidal-type cells and inhibitory fast-spiking interneurons and its connectivity is adopted from a trained recurrent artificial neural network. After-activity, pattern completion and competition between cell assemblies is readily produced. If, instead of pyramidal cells, motor neuron type cells are used, network behaviour changes drastically. For instance, spike synchronization can be observed but after-activity is hard to produce. The authors results support the biological feasibility of Hebb's cell assembly theory. The analogy between this theory and recurrent artificial neural network models is discussed.
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF SAN FRANCISCO WORKING PAPER SERIES Asset Pricing with Concentrated Ownership of Capital

This paper investigates how concentrated ownership of capital inuences the pricing of risky assets in a production economy. The model is designed to approximate the skewed distribution of wealth and income in U.S. data. I show that concentrated ownership significantly magni es the equity risk premium relative to an otherwise similar representativeagent economy because the capital ownersconsumption is more strongly linked to volatile dividends from equity. A temporary shock to the technology for producing new capital (an investment shock) causes dividend growth to be much more volatile than aggregate consumption growth, as in long-run U.S. data. The investment shock can also be interpreted as a depreciation shock, or more generally, a nancial friction that a¤ects the supply of new capital. Under power utility with a risk aversion coe¢ cient of 3.5, the model can roughly match the rst and second moments of key asset pricing variables in long-run U.S. data, including the historical equity risk premium. About one-half of the model equity premium is attributable to the investment shock while the other half is attributable to a standard productivity shock. On the macro side, the model performs reasonably well in matching the business cycle moments of aggregate variables, including the pro-cyclical movement of capitals share of total income in U.S. data. Keywords: Asset Pricing, Equity Premium, Term Premium, Investment Shocks, Real Business Cycles, Wealth Inequality. JEL Classi cation: E25, E32, E44, G12, O40. For helpful comments and suggestions, I would like to thank seminar participants at the 2011 American Economics Association Meeting and University of California, Riverside. y Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, P.O. Box 7702, San Francisco, CA 94120-7702, (415) 974-2393, FAX: (415) 977-4031, email: kevin.j.lansing@sf.frb. org, homepage: www.frbsf. org/economics/economists/klansing.html
Management of updates in the enhanced client-server DBMS

The client-server DBMS model has emerged as the main paradigm in database computing. The enhanced client-server architecture takes advantage of all the available client resources including their disk managers. Clients can cache server data into their own disk units if data are part of their operational space. However, when updates occur at the server, some of the client data managers may need to not only be notified about them but also obtain portions of the updates as well. In this paper, we examine the problem of managing server-imposed updates that affect client cached data. We propose a number of server update propagation techniques in the context of the enhanced client-server DBMS architecture and examine the performance of these strategies through detailed simulation experiments. <<ETX>>
Droit individuel du travail et mobilisation du droit par les syndicats britanniques

Ce texte envisage la ‘mobilisation du droit’, en se centrant sur les usages des droits individuels du travail par les syndicats comme moyen d’exercer une pression sur les employeurs et de developper l’intervention des salaries sur des questions essentielles dans le travail. Le developpement recent d’une legislation etablissant des droits individuels pour les travailleurs remet en cause l’equilibre entre regulation legale et negociation collective. L’influence syndicale sur les lieux de travail a decline et les travailleurs font de plus en plus appel a des procedures individuelles allant jusqu’a des actions devant les tribunaux du travail. Cela cree un terrain d’action pour les syndicats, en intervenant aux cotes des salaries, pour demontrer l’efficacite de leur assistance a des adherents potentiels et developper l’agenda de la negociation collective. La mobilisation syndicale du droit est analysee dans cet article a partir d’etudes de cas menees dans trois syndicats. Les resultats de ces etudes montrent un engagement fort sur des enjeux juridiques strategiques, mais egalement les obstacles a un usage elargi du droit pour mobiliser les travailleurs comme adherents potentiels.
Adaptive binning of X-ray galaxy cluster images

We present a simple method for adaptively binning the pixels in an image. The algorithm groups pixels into bins of size such that the fractional error on the photon count in a bin is less than or equal to a threshold value, and the size of the bin is as small as possible. The process is particularly useful for generating surface brightness and colour maps, with clearly defined error maps, from images with a large dynamic range of counts, for example X-ray images of galaxy clusters. We demonstrate the method in application to data from Chandra ACIS-S and ACIS-I observations of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. We use the algorithm to create intensity maps, and colour images which show the relative X-ray intensities in different bands. The colour maps can later be converted, through spectral models, into maps of physical parameters, such as temperature, column density, etc. The adaptive binning algorithm is applicable to a wide range of data, from observations or numerical simulations, and is not limited to two-dimensional data.
Effects of hippocampal high‐frequency electrical stimulation in memory formation and their association with amino acid tissue content and release in normal rats

Hippocampal high frequency electrical stimulation (HFS) at 130 Hz has been proposed as a therapeutical strategy to control neurological disorders such as intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This study was carried out to determine the effects of hippocampal HFS on the memory process and the probable involvement of amino acids. Using the autoshaping task, we found that animals receiving hippocampal HFS showed augmented short‐term, but not long‐term memory formation, an effect blocked by bicuculline pretreatment and associated with enhanced tissue levels of amino acids in hippocampus. In addition, microdialysis experiments revealed high extracellular levels of glutamate, aspartate, glycine, taurine, and alanine during the application of hippocampal HFS. In contrast, GABA release augmented during HFS and remained elevated for more than 1 h after the stimulation was ended. HFS had minimal effects on glutamine release. The present results suggest that HFS has an activating effect on specific amino acids in normal hippocampus that may be involved in the enhanced short‐term memory formation. These data further provide experimental support for the concept that hippocampus may be a promising target for focal stimulation to treat intractable seizures in humans. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Inc.
The Authorization and De-authorization of Individual Social Workers Within a Small Group

ABSTRACT This article reports on the results of a pilot study which focused on how a self-analytic group of individual social workers in a group task force at a managed mental health care outpatient clinic authorized and de-authorized themselves and others in the exercise of a group task. The article explores the interpersonal conveyance of authority across egalitarian working relationships and aims to examine and identify the conditions and contexts that may be associated with the authorization and de-authorization (i.e., the encouragement or discouragement of expression, respectively) of self and others. The purpose of this examination was to promote a better understanding of how social workers in managed mental health organizations may better exercise their authority. This study found that the exercise of authority by social workers in a managed care setting was found to be associated with a number of factors, including collaboration, perception, gender, age, and early socialization experiences.
Augmentation of kinesthetic sensation by adding "rotary switch feeling" feedback

In sports, dancing and playing music, it is important to achieve correct body movement as it greatly affects performance. However, matching one's movement with ideal movement is fundamentally difficult, because we do not have a detailed perception of our own body movement. In this study, we propose to present "rotary switch feeling" feedback as a new haptic cue. A periodical ticking sensation, like that of a rotary switch, can be presented at each joint so that the user vividly perceives his/her movement. This paper presents a simple mechanical prototype that is attached to the elbow.
The Role of Emotional Competencies in Faculty-Doctoral Student Relationships

The relationships between faculty and students in graduate school have been found to have a significant effect on most aspects of the doctoral experience. Yet we know little about the emotional landscape of these relationships and what makes them work. This study, which conducted qualitative interviews in one academic department, looks inside faculty-doctoral student relationships by examining the emotional competencies that both faculty and students display within them. Emotional competencies displayed by both students and faculty were influenced by the program structure and culture of the department, and facilitated positive student and faculty outcomes
High glucocorticoid levels during gestation activate the inflammasome in hippocampal oligodendrocytes of the offspring

Exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids (GCs) during early life induces long‐lasting neuroinflammation. GCs induce rapid degranulation of mast cells, which release proinflammatory molecules promoting activation of microglia and astrocytes. The possible involvement of oligodendrocytes, however, remains poorly understood. It was studied whether high GC levels during gestation activates the inflammasome in hippocampal oligodendrocytes of mouse offspring. Oligodendrocytes of control pups showed expression of inflammasome components (NLRP3, ACS, and caspase‐1) and their levels were increased by prenatal administration of dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic GC. These cells also showed high levels of IL‐1β and TNF‐α, revealing activation of the inflammasome. Moreover, they showed increased levels of the P2X7 receptor and pannexin1, which are associated to inflammasome activation. However, levels of connexins either were not affected (Cx29) or reduced (Cx32 and Cx47). Nonetheless, the functional states of pannexin1 and connexin hemichannels were elevated and directly associated to functional P2X7 receptors. As observed in DEX‐treated brain slices, hemichannel activity first increased in hippocampal mast cells and later in microglia and macroglia. DEX‐induced oligodendrocyte hemichannel activity was mimicked by urocortin‐II, which is a corticotropin‐releasing hormone receptor (CRHR) agonist. Response to DEX and urocortin‐II was inhibited by antalarmin (a CRHR blocker) or by mast cells or microglia inhibitors. The increase in hemichannel activity persisted for several weeks after birth and cross‐fostering with a control mother did not reverse this condition. It is proposed that activation of the oligodendrocyte inflammasome might be relevant in demyelinating diseases associated with early life exposure to high GC levels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 625–642, 2017