Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
"What Are You Talking About?": Semantic Analysis of Preschool Children's Conversational Topics in Home and Preschool Settings

This study explored the semantic content of the conversational topics used by 10 nondisabled preschool children at home and at preschool. The spontaneous speech of the children was tape recorded using voice-activated tape players. The children wore the recorder as they engaged in routine activities with teachers, peers, and family. The speech samples represented 2 to 2.5 hours of preschool and home activity for each child. Overall, the 10 children referred predominantly to the “here and now” and to themselves. The children appeared to reference past and future less frequently and fantasy more frequently at school than at home. Parents and siblings were referenced infrequently at school, while teachers were referenced infrequently at home. The most common and frequent semantic referents at home and at school were similar and referred to objects (toys and food), events (actions, play, projects), and ideas about people's traits or conditions. Implications for the development of augmentative and alternative (.
Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases Define a trans-Golgi Endosomal Membrane Domain in Arabidopsis That Contributes Substantially to the Cell Plate[W]

The Ypt3/Rab11/Rab25 subfamily of Rab GTPases has expanded greatly in Arabidopsis thaliana, comprising 26 members in six provisional subclasses, Rab-A1 to Rab-A6. We show that the Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 subclasses define a novel post-Golgi membrane domain in Arabidopsis root tips. The Rab-A2/A3 compartment was distinct from but often close to Golgi stacks and prevacuolar compartments and partly overlapped the VHA-a1 trans-Golgi compartment. It was also sensitive to brefeldin A and accumulated FM4-64 before prevacuolar compartments did. Mutations in RAB-A2a that were predicted to stabilize the GDP- or GTP-bound state shifted the location of the protein to the Golgi or plasma membrane, respectively. In mitosis, KNOLLE accumulated principally in the Rab-A2/A3 compartment. During cytokinesis, Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 proteins localized precisely to the growing margins of the cell plate, but VHA-a1, GNOM, and prevacuolar markers were excluded. Inducible expression of dominant-inhibitory mutants of RAB-A2a resulted in enlarged, polynucleate, meristematic cells with cell wall stubs. The Rab-A2/A3 compartment, therefore, is a trans-Golgi compartment that communicates with the plasma membrane and early endosomal system and contributes substantially to the cell plate. Despite the unique features of plant cytokinesis, membrane traffic to the division plane exhibits surprising molecular similarity across eukaryotic kingdoms in its reliance on Ypt3/Rab11/Rab-A GTPases.
A Vascular-Network-Based Nonuniform Hierarchical Fault-Tolerant Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Fault tolerance is the key technology in wireless sensor networks which attracts many research interests. Aiming at the issue that the nodes' failures affect the network's stability and service quality, a vascular-network-based fault-tolerant routing algorithm is presented by nonuniform hierarchical clustering. According to the distribution characteristics of the vascular network and inspirations to the fault tolerance for wireless sensor networks, a mathematical model and network topology are, respectively, established. It applies the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) to the nonuniform hierarchical clustering, and multipaths are established between the neighbor hierarchical nodes based on the best-worst ant system (BWAS). It introduces the normalized values of the pheromone generated by the ants as the selection probabilities of transmitting paths to establish the hierarchical routing. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that the algorithm has higher packet receiving rates, lower average transmission delay, and balanced energy consumption. It has the good performance in fault tolerance and stability of data transmitting, and it avoids the hot issue in energy consumption and achieves the network load balance.
Effects of an Emotional Disclosure Writing Task on the Physical and Psychological Functioning of Children of Alcoholics

Abstract This study investigated the effects of an emotional disclosure writing task on the physical and psychological functioning of pre-teen and adolescent children of alcoholics (N = 53). Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: An emotional writing group, a non-emotional writing group, or a non-writing control group. Essays written by participants in both the emotional and non-emotional conditions differed significantly in content in hypothesized ways. Contradictory to what was expected, emotional disclosure failed to convey any additional health benefits. A general improvement was found for all groups over time on internalizing symptoms, affect, and physical symptoms.
Resveratrol attenuates steatosis in obese Zucker rats by decreasing fatty acid availability and reducing oxidative stress

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common manifestations of chronic liver disease worldwide. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of resveratrol on liver fat accumulation, as well as on the activity of those enzymes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in fa/fa Zucker rats. A total of thirty rats were assigned to three experimental groups and orally treated with resveratrol for 6 weeks, or without resveratrol (C: control group; RSV15 group: 15 mg/kg body weight per d; RSV45 group: 45 mg/kg body weight per d). Liver histological analysis was performed by microscopy. Levels of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase-Ia (CPT-Ia), acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACO), fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and malic enzyme were assessed by spectrophotometry, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase was assessed by radiometry. Commercial kits were used to determine serum TAG, NEFA, total HDL and non-HDL-cholesterol, glycerol, ketonic bodies, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hepatic TAG, thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates, GSH (GSSG) and superoxide dismutase. Resveratrol reduced liver weight and TAG content. It did not modify the activity of lipogenic enzymes but it did increase CPT-Ia and ACO activities. NEFA and ALP were reduced in both resveratrol-treated groups. AST/GOT was reduced only by the lowest dose. ALT/GPT, TAG and adiponectin remained unchanged. Resveratrol reduced liver oxidative stress. This study demonstrates that resveratrol can protect the liver from NAFLD by reducing fatty acid availability. Moreover, resveratrol also protects liver from oxidative stress.
Higher Education Learning Experiences Among Vietnamese Immigrant Women in Taiwan

Based on a sociocultural approach to adult learning and poststructural feminist theories, this study draws on interviews with 11 married Vietnamese women to explore the higher education learning experiences of Vietnamese immigrant women in Taiwan. On the basis of their husbands’ permission and support, Vietnamese immigrant women embraced the instrumental value of education and pursued higher education to play their expected motherhood roles. During the higher education learning process, the women persevered in learning with resilience, negotiated their voices and cultural identity, and fulfilled multiple roles. Participating in and even completing higher education in Taiwan empowered these women through learning based on their bicultural competence.
One-shot learning of temporal sequences using a distance dependent Chinese Restaurant Process

Activity recognition in videos is a challenging task, mainly if a scarce number of samples is available for modelling the problem. The task becomes even harder when using generative models such as mixture models or Hidden Markov Models (HMMs), as they demand a lot of samples to determinate their parameters. Additionally, these models rely on the appropriate selection of some parameters, for instance the number of hidden states. Therefore, we propose in this paper the creation of a Universal Background Model (UBM) of features, using videos from public datasets, applied to the activity encoding and an unsupervised modelling of the activities with a distance dependent Chinese Restaurant Process (ddCRP), where the number of states is automatically determined by the process. In order to classify an incoming video-sequence we propose to model it as a ddCRP distribution and to apply a nearest neighbour algorithm based on a kernel between distributions. To carry out this process we use a Probability Product Kernel (PPK) algorithm by previously mapping the ddCRP into a HMM with discrete observations. Preliminary experiments in two public data sets, as Weizmann and KTH, show that this proposal achieves state-of-the-art results.
Studies in time series analysis and forecasting of energy data

We study two energy time series, the net nuclear energy generation in the U.S. and customer electricity consumption data of a New England electric utility company. The primary focus of the nuclear energy series is forecasting. We study adaptive forecasting, subsetting the series, power transformation, and combination of forecasts. The forecasting accuracy achieved is compared with a previous study done by the Office of Statistical Standards (OSS). It is shown that applying these techniques improves forecasting accuracy both in the root mean square error and absolute mean error sense. We also estimate the impact of the Three Mile Island accident on net nuclear energy generation in the U.S. using intervention analysis. For the customer electricity consumption data, we concentrate on estimating the savings effects of a residential energy conservation program. Net savings estimates are obtained by comparing each treatment group with a corresponding control group. Intervention analysis is used to estimate the savings achieved. We also distinguish savings resulting from different phases of the program. Estimates obtained from intervention analysis are compared with those obtained from a traditional method. Relative merits of each method are discussed. Thesis Supervisor: Greta M. Ljung Title: Lecturer of Mathematics
Die-to-die and within-die fabrication variation of 65nm CMOS technology PMOS transistors

Study and understanding of transistor and circuit variations caused by the fabrication process has become an important factor for integrated circuits as the device dimensions become smaller. Effects on clock frequency and IC performance caused by die-to-die and within-die variations have made it important to incorporate process variations in circuit simulators to correctly model the working of the present IC technology. This paper demonstrates the microscopic parameter variation modeling of die-to-die and within-die variations for 65nm CMOS fabrication technology by using the HiSIM surface-potential-based compact model. It is found that for accurate variation modeling of Vth and Ion from die-to-die and within-die primary consideration of only four parameters, namely substrate doping (NSUBC), pocket-implantation doping (NSUBP), carrier mobility degradation due to gate-interface roughness (MUESR1) and channel length change (XLD) is sufficient. In addition to these, modeling of within-die variation requires inclusion of a small variation for a fifth parameter describing the depletion charge contribution for the effective-electric field (NDEP). Variation analysis is done for wide p-MOSFETs (W=10μm) as a function of gate length.
Brief Form of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI-B) for Adolescents

Although social phobia is one of the most common mental disorders in adolescents, there are few reliable and valid assessment instruments for this age group. This study examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of a brief version of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI; Turner, Beidel, Dancu, & Stanley, 1989) in a sample of adolescents. Although the original 45-item SPAI has excellent psychometric properties, its utility is limited by its length. We developed and piloted a brief, 16-item version of the SPAI that has good psychometric properties, assesses cognitive, behavioral, and somatic symptoms, consistent with the original scale, which may be particularly useful as a screening measure. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Fingernail Displays: Handy Displays at your Fingertips

Humans are mostly using their fingers to interact with their environment. We introduce our vision of Fingernail Displays: tiny displays that are worn on the fingernails. We describe and explore the following application scenarios of fingernail-worn displays: (1) FingerPhone, a standalone device for fast, lightweight interaction that is always at hand; (2) on-finger output on touch displays, which solves occlusion problems and provides in-place information; (3) fingernail displays as in-situ information display to provide additional information and controls on physical objects; (4) interactive, animated nail art that can adjust itself to the context. Finally we sketch the path towards making the vision of fingernail displays become reality.
Does stress exacerbate parental differential treatment of siblings? A pattern-analytic approach

To develop a typology based on family members' perspectives on parental differential treatment of siblings, data from mothers, fathers, firstborn adolescent siblings (M = 15 years), and second-born adolescent siblings (M = 12.5 years) from 187 families were submitted to cluster analysis. A 4-cluster solution based on the convergence or divergence of reports and the levels of parental differential treatment was identified and replicated: convergent/all below average (n = 94), convergent/all above average (n = 48), divergent/all below average except older sibling (n = 20), and divergent/all above average except mother (n = 25). Analyses revealed cluster differences in family structure (e.g., sex of siblings, age spacing) and in parents' perceived levels of stress across several domains (e.g., work, marriage, and individual mental health).
The pointer assertion logic engine

We present a new framework for verifying partial specifications of programs in order to catch type and memory errors and check data structure invariants. Our technique can verify a large class of data structures, namely all those that can be expressed as graph types. Earlier versions were restricted to simple special cases such as lists or trees. Even so, our current implementation is as fast as the previous specialized tools. Programs are annotated with partial specifications expressed in Pointer Assertion Logic, a new notation for expressing properties of the program store. We work in the logical tradition by encoding the programs and partial specifications as formulas in monadic second-order logic. Validity of these formulas is checked by the MONA tool, which also can provide explicit counterexamples to invalid formulas. To make verification decidable, the technique requires explicit loop and function call invariants. In return, the technique is highly modular: every statement of a given program is analyzed only once. The main target applications are safety-critical data-type algorithms, where the cost of annotating a program with invariants is justified by the value of being able to automatically verify complex properties of the program.
Assessment of DNA damage in car spray painters exposed to organic solvents by the high-throughput comet assay

Abstract Occupational exposure as a painter is associated with DNA damage and development of cancer. Comet assay has been widely adopted as a sensitive and quantitative tool for DNA damage assessment at the individual cell level in populations exposed to genotoxics. The aim of this study was to assess the application of the high-throughput comet assay, to determine the DNA damage in car spray painters. The study population included 52 car spray painters and 52 unexposed subjects. A significant increase in the %TDNA median (p < 0.001) was observed in the exposed group in comparison to the unexposed group. Neither age (%TDNA: p = 0.913) nor time of exposure (%TDNA: p = 0.398) were significantly correlated with DNA damage. The car spray painters who consumed alcohol did not show a significant increase in DNA damage compared to nonalcohol consumers (p > 0.05). The results showed an increase in DNA breaks in car spray painters exposed to organic solvents and paints; furthermore, they demonstrated the application of high-throughput comet assay in an occupational exposure study to genotoxic agents.
Anaphoricity in Connectives: A Case Study on German

Anaphoric connectives are event anaphors (or abstract anaphors) that in addition convey a coherence relation holding between the an- tecedent and the host clause of the connective. Some of them carry an explicitly-anaphoric morpheme, others do not. We analysed the set of German connectives for this property and found that many have an additional non- connective reading, where they serve as nomi- nal anaphors. Furthermore, many connectives can have multiple senses, so altogether the processing of these words can involve substan- tial disambiguation. We study the problem for one specific German word, demzufolge, which can be taken as representative for a large group of similar words.
Extension of Coupled Mode Analysis to Periodic Large Arrays of Identical Waveguides for Photonic Crystals Applications

Coupled-mode theory, developed for several parallel waveguides, is extended to the case of infinite 2-D photonic crystals. Periodic boundary conditions, applied to a system of coupled identical waveguides, are used to compute the photonic band structures. This approach is shown to be more efficient than the usual numerical methods when tested on finite, but large-sized, arrays. Photonic crystals made of single-mode and multimode waveguide arrays are examined
The Information-Seeking Habits of Baptist Ministers

The aim of this article is to determine how Baptist ministers seek information. Further research questions were used to narrow down the broad aim to a workable level. What causes ministers to seek and stop seeking information? What sources do they use? How do the information-seeking habits change as they pursue their various roles? A multiple-case study design was used. Ten ministers were interviewed with a protocol that used the Critical Incident Technique. Interviews were transcribed and coded in order to identify patterns. Baptist ministers sought information in order to accomplish a wide variety of administrative tasks, prepare for sermons, and provide counsel. When ministers searched for information in the role of administrators, they preferred informal sources of information but often used formal sources also. When searching as preachers, they used formal sources. Level of effort was influenced by experience, potential impact, and the importance of the task. When they had enough information to complete a task and when collecting more information was not worth the effort, ministers stopped looking for information. I concluded that Baptist ministers varied their information-seeking process based upon the roles they played, primarily the roles of administrator and preacher.
Corporate Ownership and Control: The Large Corporation and the Capitalist Class

An "astonishing consensus" exists among academic social scientists concerning the impact of the alleged separation of ownership and control in large corporations on the class structures and political economies of the United States and similar countries. The question is whether this separation is a "pseudofact," which has, therefore, inspired incorrect "explanations," "inferences," and "theories," namely, that the presumed separation has either transformed or eliminated the former "capitalist class" and therefore rendered inapplicable a class theory of the division of the social product, class conflict, social domination, political processes, and historical change. If the separation of ownership and control has not occurred, then "managerial" theories are without foundation. The discrepant findings of numerous studies are reviewedand problems of method and measurement discussed, concluding that the empirical question is quite open. Critical questions are posed for research into the internal differentiation and integration of the dominant ("upper") class in the United States.
GEOCHEMICAL CONTROLS ON WASTE-ROCK DUMP SEEPAGE CHEMISTRY AT SEVERAL PORPHYRY MINES IN THE CANADIAN CORDILLERAN 1

In 2003, Red Chris Development Company started collecting baseline data to support its application for environmental approvals to mine the Red Chris porphyry copper-gold deposit located in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. An extensive geochemical testing program revealed that the majority of the waste rock has the potential to generate acid. However, the presence of significant quantities of carbonate minerals indicated that most of the rock would probably take several decades to generate acid. This precluded determination of which rock components would leach under acidic conditions using conventional laboratory methods. This information was required to predict future water chemistry and potential requirements for water treatment. As an alternative, waste-rock seepage chemistry data from six operating or recently closed porphyry mines in British Columbia were compiled and evaluated to investigate common hydrogeochemical features which could be used to predict water chemistry at Red Chris. The resulting database contains dissolved ion chemistry spanning the full range of pH conditions. The database indicated that dissolution of aluminum minerals such as biotite and chlorite exert a strong consistent pH control which can be explained by the solubility of basic aluminum sulfates and hydroxide. Likewise, iron concentrations were similar at all sites and appear to follow the solubility of ferric hydroxide. Dissolved concentrations of copper, zinc, cadmium, and molybdenum in waters were related to pH but reflected the variable presence of minerals such as chalcopyrite, sphalerite (zinc, cadmium) and molybdenite (molybdenum). In conclusion, concentrations of major ions affecting drainage acidity (sulfate, aluminum, and iron) are very similar at different sites, but concentrations of other elements depend on the abundance of their sulfide minerals. Additional Keywords: Acid rock drainage, prediction, metals.