Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytoplasmic dynein and actin-related protein Arp1 are required for normal nuclear distribution in filamentous fungi

Cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit, microtubule-dependent mechanochemical enzyme that has been proposed to function in a variety of intracellular movements, including minus-end-directed transport of organelles. Dynein-mediated vesicle transport is stimulated in vitro by addition of the Glued/dynactin complex raising the possibility that these two complexes interact in vivo. We report here that a class of phenotypically identical mutants of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa are defective in genes encoding subunits of either cytoplasmic dynein or the Glued/dynactin complex. These mutants, defined as ropy, have curled hyphae with abnormal nuclear distribution. ro-1 encodes the heavy chain of cytoplasmic dynein, while ro-4 encodes an actin-related protein that is a probable homologue of the actin-related protein Arpl (formerly referred to as actin-RPV or centractin), the major component of the glued/dynactin complex. The phenotypes of ro-1 and ro-4 mutants suggest that cytoplasmic dynein, as well as the Glued/dynactin complex, are required to maintain uniform nuclear distribution in fungal hyphae. We propose that cytoplasmic dynein maintains nuclear distribution through sliding of antiparallel microtubules emanating from neighboring spindle pole bodies.
Design and Analysis of an Attack Resilient and Adaptive Medium access Control Protocol for Computer Networks

The challenge of designing an efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol and analyzing it has been an important research topic for over 30 years. This paper focuses on the performance analysis (through simulation) and modification of a well known MAC protocol CSMA/CD. The existing protocol does not consider the wastage of bandwidth due to unutilized periods of the channel. By considering this fact, performance of MAC protocol can be enhanced. The purpose of this work is to modify the existing protocol by enabling it to adapt according to state of the network. The modified protocol takes appropriate action whenever unutilized periods detected. In this way, to increase the effective bandwidth utilization and determine how it behaves under increasing load, and varying packet sizes. It will also include effects of attacks i.e. Denial of service attacks, Replay Attack, Continuous Channel Access or Exhaustion attack, Flooding attack, Jamming (Radio interference) attack, Selective forwarding attack which degrade performance of MAC protocol. In Continuous Channel Access or Exhaustion attack, a malicious node disrupts the MAC protocol, by continuously requesting or transmitting over the channel. This eventually leads a starvation for other nodes in the network w.r. t channel access. remedy may be the network ignores excessive requests without sending expensive radio transmissions. This limit however cannot drop below the expected maximum data rate the network has to support. This limit is usually coded into the protocol during the design phase and requires additional logic also. Repeated application of these exhaustion or collision based MAC layer attacks can lead into unfairness.
Intermittent complete left bundle-branch block: phonocardiographic and mechanocardiographic study of one case.

Since the work of Wolferth and Margolies (1935), the modifications of both the heart sounds and the sequence of ventricular events induced by left bundle-branch block have been well known. Yet there has been some disagreement on details, mainly because left bundle-branch block is seldom aft isolated abnormality. The opportunity was offered to record the heart sounds, the indirect carotid pulse, and the apex cardiogram in the same patient, in conditions of both normal and abnormal left intraventricular conduction, making it possible to describe the changes due to the complete bundlebranch block alone.
Rough Sets Theory as Symbolic Data Mining Method: An Application on Complete Decision Table

In this study, the mathematical principles of rough sets theory are explained and a sample application about rule discovery from a decision table by using different algorithms in rough sets theory is presented. Data mining and usage of the useful patterns that reside in the databases have become a very important research area because of the rapid developments in both computer hardware and software industries. In parallel with the rapid increase in the data stored in the databases, effective use of the data is becoming a problem. To discover the rules or interesting and useful patterns from these stored data, data mining techniques are used. If data is incomplete or inaccurate, the results extracted from the database during the data discovery phase would be inconsistent and meaningless. Rough sets theory is a new mathematical approach used in the intelligent data analysis and data mining if data is uncertain or incomplete. This approach is of great importance in cognitive science and artificial intelligence, especially in machine learning, decision analysis, expert systems and inductive reasoning. There are many advantages of rough set approach in intelligent data analysis. Some of these advantages are being suitable for parallel processing, finding minimal data sets, supplying effective algorithms to discover hidden patterns in data, valuation of the meaningfulness of the data, producing decision rule set from data, being easy to understand and the results obtained can be interpreted clearly. In the last years, rough sets theory is widely used in different areas like engineering, banking and finance. In the last decades, the size of the data stored in the databases of the organizations has been growing each day and therefore we face difficulties about obtaining the valuable data. Databases are a collection of relational and non-recurring data to meet the demands of the organizations. Because the data stored in the databases is growing each day, it is getting harder for the users to reach the accurate and useful information. In the last few years, because of the rapid developments in both computer hardware and software industries, the increase in the storage capacities of huge databases, the data mining and the usage of the useful patterns that reside in the databases, became a very important research area. To discover the rules or interesting and useful patterns among these stored data in the databases, data mining techniques are used. Storing huge amount of increasing data in the databases, which is called information explosion, it is necessary to transform these data into necessary and useful information. Using conventional statistics techniques fail to satisfy the
The distribution of internal interfaces in polycrystals

Abstract Recent advances both in experimental instrumentation and computing power have made it possible to interrogate the distribution of internal interfaces in polycrystals and the three dimensional structure of the grain boundary network with an unprecedented level of detail. The purpose of this paper is to review techniques that can be used to study the mesoscopic crystallographic structure of grain boundary networks and to summarize current findings. Recent studies have shown that grain surfaces within dense polycrystals favor the same low energy planes that are found on equilibrium crystal shapes and growth forms of crystals in contact with another phase. In the materials for which comprehensive data exists, the distribution of grain boundaries is inversely correlated to the sum of the energies of the surfaces of the grains on either side of the boundary.
An Intensity Gradient/Vegetation Fractional Coverage Approach to Mapping Urban Areas From DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Data

Many studies have demonstrated the efficient extraction of the spatial extent of urban areas from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program/Operational Linescan System imagery using a fixed thresholding technique. These studies may underestimate and overestimate the extents of small and large cities, respectively. To overcome this problem, a new intensity gradient (IG) and vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) method is developed for identifying cities or towns, principally based on the assumption that there is a border around a city at which the nighttime light intensity decreases sharply. Using this method, the spatial extents of urban areas for two of the biggest countries in the world, namely China and the United States, were extracted in 2010. The urban areas thus identified are compared with the urban areas interpreted from Landsat Thematic Mapper imagery, and the results show that there is a significant linear relationship between the former and latter areas. This demonstrates that the IG/VFC model is effective for efficiently extracting the extent of urban areas from nighttime light imagery.
Genetic algorithm-optimised structure of convolutional neural network for face recognition applications

Proposing a proper method for face recognition is still a challenging subject in biometric and computer vision applications. Although some reliable systems were introduced under relatively controlled conditions, their recognition rate is not satisfactory in the general settings. This is especially true when there are variations in pose, illumination, and facial expression. To alleviate these problems, a hybrid face recognition system is proposed which benefits from the superiority of both convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machine (SVM). To this end, first a genetic algorithm is employed to find the optimum structure of CNN. Then, the performance of the system is improved by replacing the last layer of CNN with an ensemble of SVMs. Finally, using concepts of error correction, decision is made. The potential of CNN as a trainable feature extractor provides a flexible recognition system that can recognise faces with variations in pose and illumination. Simulation results show that the system achieves good recognition rate and is robust against variations in terms of facial expressions, occlusion, noise, and illuminations.
‘College for all’ in Anglophone countries – meritocracy or social inequality? An Australian example

This article analyses the expansion of higher education offered by technical and further education institutes in Australia and it compares this provision with the expansion of higher education in further education colleges in England, and baccalaureate degrees in community colleges in the United States. It argues that this provision can open new opportunities for students, while at the same time contributing to social inequality because not all types of higher education are equal. It uses Trow’s typology of elite, mass and universal higher education to analyse this expansion, and it uses social realism to discuss whether ‘applied’ higher education provides students with similar opportunities to students in more elite institutions. It draws from two related research projects in Australia that researched the growth of higher education in institutions outside universities to explore these issues.
An Approach to Persistent Programming

This paper presents the identification of a new programming language concept and reports our initial investigations of its utility. The concept is to identify persistence as an orthogonal property of data, independent of data type and the way in which data is manipulated. This is expressed by the principle that all data objects, independent of their data type, should have the same rights to persistence or transience. We expect to achieve persistent independent programming, so that the same code is applicable to data of any persistence. We have designed a language PS-algol by using these ideas and constructed a number of implementations. The experience gained is reported here, as a step in the task of achieving languages with proper accommodation for persistent programming.
Synchronized triple bias-flip circuit for piezoelectric energy harvesting enhancement: Operation principle and experimental validation

The power conditioning circuit plays an important role in a piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) system. Sophisticatedly designed circuit can increase the harvesting capability by several times. The synchronized multiple bias-flip (SMBF) model generalizes the performance of existing interface circuits and offers prospect for future circuit evolution. Among all ideal SMBF derivatives, the parallel synchronized triple bias-flip (P-S3BF) circuit makes the best compromise between cost and effectiveness. This paper introduces a practical implementation of P-S3BF. It is realized by an inductive current-routing network, which is controlled by six MOSFET switches. The steady-state operation principle towards PEH enhancement is analyzed in detail. The transient behavior is also illustrated for highlighting the adaptive feature of the new circuit. Both theoretical and experimental results show that, under the same harmonic displacement excitation, the prototyped P-S3BF circuit can increase the maximum harvested power by 24.5% compared to the cutting-edge parallel synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (P-SSHI) circuit, and 287.6% compared to the standard bridge rectifier circuit.
Alfuzosin once daily facilitates return to voiding in patients in acute urinary retention.

PURPOSE We confirmed the beneficial effect of the alpha1-blocker alfuzosin for the acute management of acute urinary retention (AUR) related to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and further identified factors influencing the success of a trial without catheter (TWOC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 360 patients presenting with a first episode of spontaneous AUR related to BPH underwent emergency catheterization and were then randomly and blindly assigned to receive 10 mg alfuzosin once daily or placebo at a ratio of 2:1 for 3 days. The primary efficacy criterion of this large study was the rate of successful TWOC within 24 hours after catheter removal. The influence of factors such as age, urine retention volume, fluid consumption, constipation and urinary tract infection on TWOC outcome was also assessed. RESULTS Successful TWOC was recorded in 61.9% of the 236 patients treated with alfuzosin vs 47.9% of the 121 receiving placebo (p = 0.012). Elderly patients (65 years or older) and patients with a drained volume of 1000 ml or greater had significantly greater chances of TWOC failure (success vs failure OR 0.309, 95% CI 1.182 to 0.514 and OR 0.361, 95% CI 0.225 to 0.571, respectively). Nevertheless, even in the presence of these 2 factors 10 mg alfuzosin once daily almost doubled the likelihood of successful TWOC (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1,226 to 3,217). Alfuzosin (10 mg) once daily was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Alfuzosin (10 mg) once daily significantly improved the rate of successful TWOC in patients with AUR related to BPH, even in elderly patients and those with a large drained volume who were at increased risk for TWOC failure. This should contribute to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with emergency surgery and avoid the discomfort and potential morbidity associated with an in situ catheter.
Hyperspectrum image fusion for sensor guided mobile manipulations

The hyperspectrum images from across the spectrum collect object characteristics and are capable of performing target recognition in the environments and target localization autonomously. In this paper, hyperspectrum image fusion for mobile manipulation is proposed. The fusion sensor including a single camera and an IR projector runs in two spectral bands (visible and IR) alternatively. After color images of the environments are captured from visible light, the region of interest (ROI) of the target will be recognized. Then in the ROI the target will be localized with the one-shot images of the pattern from IR light. A stereo fusion vision model of the fusion sensor and its calibration algorithm with a high precision are also presented. The localization is performed by 3D reconstruction based on the calibrated system. The calibration precision of the fusion sensor is [0.40, 0.24, 1.39]mm in x, y, z direction respectively. A manipulation experiment of grasping a handcream tub is carried out on the mobile platform and the experiment results verify the effectiveness of the hyperspectrum image fusion.
2 0 O ct 2 00 1 OHSTPY-HEP-T-01-22 Two-loop N = 4 Super Yang Mills effective action and interaction between D 3-branes

We compute the leading low-energy term in the planar part of the 2-loop contribution to the effective action of N = 4 SYM theory in 4 dimensions, assuming that the gauge group SU(N + 1) is broken to SU(N) × U(1) by a constant scalar background X. While the leading 1-loop correction is the familiar c1F 4/|X|4 term, the 2-loop expression starts with c2F 6/|X|8. The 1-loop constant c1 is known to be equal to the coefficient of the F 4 term in the Born-Infeld action for a probe D3brane separated by distance |X| from a large number N of coincident D3-branes. We show that the same is true also for the 2-loop constant c2: it matches the coefficient of the F 6 term in the D3-brane probe action. In the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence, this agreement suggests a non-renormalization of the coefficient of the F 6 term beyond two loops. Thus the result of hep-th/9706072 about the agreement between the v6 term in the D0-brane supergravity interaction potential and the corresponding 2-loop term in the 1+0 dimensional reduction of N = 4 SYM theory has indeed a direct generalization to 1+3 dimensions, as conjectured earlier in hep-th/9709087. We also discuss the issue of gauge theory – supergravity correspondence for higher order (F 8, etc.) terms. Also at Imperial College, London and Lebedev Physics Institute, Moscow
Acoustic Evidence of New Sibilants in the Pronunciation of Young Polish Women

Abstract We present the results of an acoustic study showing that the Polish sibilant system is undergoing changes in the speech of young university-educated women. The results based on the acoustic analysis of 16 speakers’ pronunciation, reveal that the new variants of alveolo-palatals are characterised by spectral peaks at higher frequencies and higher centre of gravity values than their Standard Polish counterparts. In addition, spectral moments, spectral slopes and the formants of preceding vowels differentiate the new variants from Standard Polish alveolo-palatals. We provide the rationale for the development of the new variants by referring to (i) a functional approach involving contrast optimisation in the sibilant system, (ii) a sociolinguistic approach that makes use of a sound-symbolic association between energy concentration in higher frequency regions and smallness and (iii) a speech disorder.
Framing creative uses for describing cases of appropriation

Recent studies in HCI and CSCW have defined "appropriation" as a natural interaction between users and technology. To study appropriation, we propose to employ a user collaborative system that collects creative uses as processes of appropriation. To build the system, we first investigate how to frame creative uses and then demonstrate item-function-picture framework to effectively represent user processes of appropriation.
The Bio-Inspired SCORPION Robot: Design, Control & Lessons Learned

This chapter will review the SCORPION robot project (Kirchner et al., 2002). The goal of the SCORPION robot project was the development of a very robust eight-legged robot, which is capable to traverse very steep and unstructured terrain without high-level planning or using complex exteroceptive sensors, e.g., a laserscanner. The SCORPION robot is now a field-tested system which was successfully deployed in various kinds of outdoor terrain (e.g. rocky, sandy). Currently, the SCORPION robot design is in discussion to be used in future extraterrestrial exploration missions into steep craters on the Moon or Mars (Spenneberg et al., 2004). In the following sections we will describe the steps we undertook to achieve this goal. In Section 2, we will describe the different mechatronical design steps and discuss briefly the problems faced and the solutions developed. Then we will discuss in section 3 the different possibilities for a control approach of a legged outdoor robot and describe the developed hybrid bio-inspired approach (Spenneberg, 2005a), which combines posture control with CPG (Central Pattern Generator)-based control and reflex control. Subsequently, we will discuss the achieved performance. Concluding, we will discuss the lessons learned and future steps to utilize the full potential of walking and climbing robots (section 4).
Ileocolic intussusception as a presenting sign of primary lymphoma of the colon.

INTRODUCTION Intussusception is a rare phenomenon in adults. It is caused mainly by malignant neoplasm. Primary lymphoma of the colon is a rare malignancy of the large intestine. The association of intussusception in adult and primary colorectal lymphoma is a diagnostic challenge, since they occur with a variety of atypical symptoms. CASE OUTLINE We report a case of ileocolic intussusception in a 26-year-old man induced by primary lymphoma of the cecum. He was admitted to our hospital for incomplete intestinal obstruction. After thorough diagnostic work-up (plain abdominal radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, multi-slice computerized tomography, colonoscopy with biopsy), the patient underwent surgery. Intraoperative findings confirmed lymphoma as the cause of intussusception. The right hemicolectomy was carried out with end-to-side ileo-transverse anastomosis. CONCLUSION Primary colorectal lymphomas should be considered in differential diagnosis of intussusceptions in adults. The treatment of choice is a radical resection where all oncological standards must be fulfilled.
Development of Uniform Hardware Driver for Real-Time Windows and xPC Target

Real-Time Windows Target (RTWT) and xPC Target are two MATLAB/Simulink toolboxes used for real time simulation, prototyping, testing, and deploying real-time systems, but the application is greatly limited due to lack of enough hardware drivers. Another problem is that drivers of one toolbox are incompatible with those of the other, so different models should be created for the same task, which is troublesome sometimes. Based on the principle of the driver, this paper studied some key issues on developing uniform driver for RTWT and xPC. Firstly, principle of the RTWT and xPC drivers was examined. Secondly, solutions were put forward targeting the key issues of registers access and base address lookup, and drivers were developed for PCI-8360A. Finally, RTWT and xPC tests were conducted, and results showed that the drives with seven channels A/D conversion could achieve 10 kHz sample rate, which indicates that the drivers are steady and can be shared, and the solutions are effective.
Causality Along Subspaces ( Job Market Paper ) ∗

This paper extends previous notions of causality to take into account the subspaces along which causality occurs as well as long run causality. The properties of these new notions of causality along with the requisite restrictions are derived and extensively studied for a wide variety of time series processes including stationary and non–stationary VARMA. Using the proposed extension we also demonstrate that: (i) L2 stability, a weaker form of stability than ρ–mixing, can be viewed as an instance of long run non–causality, (ii) when long run non–causality occurs along a subspace, what we call cotrendedness, it includes the concept of cointegration as a special case, (iii) controllability is also a special case of causality, providing us with purely econometric statements of two celebrated theorems in linear systems theory: the Kalman controllability decomposition and the existence and uniqueness theorem for optimal policies in linear quadratic control, and finally (iv) linear rational expectations entail causality restriction along subspaces in a large class of rational expectations models. The theory is applied to monetary policy where it shown that there is substantial scope for the proposed subspace non–causality methodology. JEL Classification: C1, C12, C32, C5, C61, E3, E4, E52.