Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Part of Speech Tagging in Bengali Using Support Vector Machine

Part of speech (POS) tagging is the task of labeling each word in a sentence with its appropriate syntactic category called part of speech. POS tagging is a very important preprocessing task for language processing activities. This paper reports about task of POS tagging for Bengali using support vector machine (SVM). The POS tagger has been developed using a tagset of 26 POS tags, defined for the Indian languages. The system makes use of the different contextual information of the words along with the variety of features that are helpful in predicting the various POS classes. The POS tagger has been trained, and tested with the 72,341, and 20 K wordforms, respectively. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed SVM based POS tagger with an accuracy of 86.84%. Results show that the lexicon, named entity recognizer and different word suffixes are effective in handling the unknown word problems and improve the accuracy of the POS tagger significantly. Comparative evaluation results have demonstrated that this SVM based system outperforms the three existing systems based on the hidden markov model (HMM), maximum entropy (ME) and conditional random field (CRF).
A Hybrid Algorithm for Multi Objective Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem

Flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is one of the most important issues in different areas of production management and manufacturing systems and currently many researchers in the field of optimization issues consider it.This study includes FJSP problem with three objective functions minimization for makespan, maximum workload and total workload of machines. In this study a hybrid metaheuristich algorithm based on tabu search, simulated annealing and genetic algorithms with suitable parameters for solving is presented, So that the targeted and effective combination of random solutions with the results from SA, TS and TSA algorithms are considered to initial population for genetic algorithm. Also in genetic algorithm, a multivariate equation with minimum square error by using regression equations in SPSS software is introduced, which obtains effective numbers of each mutation, crossover, reproduction(Elite-oriented algorithm) operators to produce new generation. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of proposed algorithm, obtained results are compared with optimal solutions obtained through solving mathematic model and KACO, PSO, SA, GA and local approach methods. Results of experiments and computational analysis show that the proposed algorithm in this study has ability to achieve close to optimal points at suitable time for different issues in different sizes.
The Sound of Leadership: Presidential Communication in the Modern Age . By Roderick P. Hart (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. xxii, 277p. $39.95, cloth; $14.95, paper).

Why did Gerald Ford speak in public once every six hours during 1976? Why did no president spreak in Massachusetts during one ten-year period? Why did Jimmy Carter conduct public ceremonies four times more often than Harry Truman? Why are television viewers two-and-a-half times more likely to see a president speak on the nightly news than to hear him speak? "The Sound of Leadership" answers these questions and many more. Based on analysis of nearly 10,000 presidential speeches delivered between 1945 and 1985, this book is the first comprehensive examination of the ways in which presidents Truman through Reagan have used the powers of communication to advance their political goals. This communication revolution has produced, Roderick P. Hart argues, a new form of governance, one in which public speech has come to be taken as political action. Using a rhetorical appraoch, Hart details the features of this new American presidency by carefully examining when and where presidents spoke in public during the last four decades and what they said. Even though presidents have been speaking more and more, Hart reveals, they have been saying less and less. Rather than leading the nation, the modern president usually offers only the hollow "sound" of leadership. Written with great flair and acuteness, "The Sound of Leadership" will become a standard guide to the voices of modern presidential politics.
Towards Characterizing the Microdynamics of AE Generation in Machining

Abstract This article presents a conceptual framework based on combining statistical mechanics and ray acoustic theory to derive models of how acoustic emission (AE) generated from the prominent atomistic sources in the shear zone of a machining process is consolidated to make up the measured AE waveform. A proof-of-concept implementation of the modeling framework shows that the resulting model solutions can emulate the bursts, transients, and other salient features present in a measured AE waveform.
Deep Westerbork 1.4 GHz Imaging of the Bootes Field

We present the results from our deep (16 × 12 hr) Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) observations of the approximately 7 deg2 Bootes Deep Field, centered at 14h32m05. ˢ75, 34°16′47. ″5 (J2000.0). Our survey consists of 42 discrete pointings, with enough overlap to ensure a uniform sensitivity across the entire field, with a limiting sensitivity of 28 μJy (1 σrms). The catalog contains 3172 distinct sources, of which 316 are resolved by the 13″ × 27″ beam. The Bootes field is part of the optical/near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy survey effort conducted at various institutions. The combination of these data sets and the deep nature of the radio observations will allow unique studies of a large range of topics including the redshift evolution of the luminosity function of radio sources, the K-z relation, the clustering environment of radio galaxies, the radio/far-infrared correlation for distant starbursts, and the nature of obscured radio-loud active galactic nuclei.
Health-status classification systems for summary measures of population health

Health-status classification systems that use preference-based approaches, including multi-attribute utility functions, are critically examined in this chapter. Five major issues are considered: an underlying conceptual framework; the definition of health status; choice of domains; relationships among the domains; and obtaining data on the quality of population health. (Related issues are discussed in chapter 10.2).
The Unaccusative Hypothesis and the Impersonal Construction in French

Abstract This article argues that the Impersonal Contruction (IC) of French, which displays unaccusative syntax but allows unergative verbs, refutes the Unaccusative Hypothesis (UH) and the principles of lexically driven mapping. It is demonstrated that three types of argument intended to explain unaccusative mismatches are untenable while maintaining the UH. An account of the verbs appearing in the IC is proposed, based on the principles of free linking of arguments and postsyntactic compositional interpretation, taking into account meaning contributed by diverse sources, including lexical, syntactic, constructional, and morphological meaning, which must be compatible. It is argued that the shape of IC sentences requires that a state of affairs be predicated of a locative; various consequences for verb and argument selection and tense arise from this requirement. By removing certain semantico-syntactic functions from the lexicon, economy is achieved in both the lexicon and the syntactic component.
TSets Intelligent Controller for Electromechanical Positioning Actuators

: - A cognitive intelligent approach to the control of an electromechanical positioning actuator using Tendentious Vague Sets (TSets) is presented. The electromechanical positioning actuator prototype discussed is essentially a position control system whose constitutive elements are a PC based control unit, a Direct Torque Control (DTC) inverter and an induction motor. A generalisation of the fuzzy sets known as TSets is used to incorporate learning abilities into the system required to control an electromechanical positioning actuator. The synthesis of the controller is described, highlighting the practical implementation details. An analysis of the resulting system intelligent behaviour is presented, including its learning ability. A comparison between the expected behaviour (simulation) and the obtained (experimental) is also presented.
Analysis of the distribution of physical activity in early childhood education students A análise da distribuição de atividade física em estudantes de educação infantil

Resumen: La práctica de actividad física (AF) es un elemento muy importante en la promoción de la salud durante la infancia. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que profundicen en las características de la AF que desarrollan los niños a lo largo del día. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir la distribución de la actividad física de una intensidad determinada en bouts o secuencias de diferente duración y durante tres períodos: lunes a viernes, horario escolar y horario extraescolar. Se seleccionaron 107 alumnos de segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil (3,81±0,87 años; 19,64±4,32 kg, 1,19±0,29 m). Los sujetos llevaron un acelerómetro (Actigraph GT3X) durante 5 días consecutivos. Se calcularon los niveles de actividad física, de acuerdo con los puntos de corte propuestos por Sirard et al. (2005) y se analizó la agrupación de la AF de intensidad moderada y vigorosa (AFMV) en bouts de 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 y 12 min de duración. Los resultados mostraron el predominio de una AF de carácter esporádico, donde alrededor del 90% de la AFMV se realizó en bouts de 1 y 2 min. Se observó un mayor volumen de bouts de 1, 2, 4, 5 y 6 min de duración de lunes a viernes y en horario extraescolar que en el horario escolar (p<0,001). Se pone de manifiesto que la AF en niños de estas edades tiene un carácter intermitente, realizándose en secuencias o intervalos cortos que oscilan entre 1 y 2 min de duración. Palabras Clave: niños, acelerometría, bout, nivel de actividad física. Abstract: The practice of physical activity (PA) is very important element of promoting health during childhood. However, little information is available with regards to PA patterns of children during a day. The aim of this study was to describe the bouts patterns of different lengths of time among three periods of daily life in nursery school students. 107 children (3.81±0.87 years; 19,64±4,32 kg, 1,19±0,29 m) were selected. The subjects wore an accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X) during 5 consecutive days. The level of PA was calculated using the cut-points proposed by Sirard et al. (2005) in order to analyze moderate-intensity bout patterns of 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 min during three periods Monday to Friday, school hours and extracurricular time. Results showed that students accumulated 90% of their PA intermittently, corresponding to bouts of 1 to 2 min (p <0.001). Additionally, more bouts of 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 min were accumulated in Monday to Friday, and extracurricular time than compared to school schedule (p <0.001). Based on these findings, it was concluded that that children in nursery school accumulated high intermittent PA, consisted of 1 to 2 min bouts, and this information should be used to promote strategies during school timetable in order to increase PA in school.
TEMPORAL PROCESSING IN THE AUDITORY SYSTEM.

In spite of the fact that the auditory system is the best available acoustic signal processor, so far computational modelling in neuroacoustic s has concentrated on the auditory periphery. The first auditory stage, the cochlea, may be considered as filter bank performing a kind of frequency analysis. However, this is only the first step of complex hierarchical processing which finally, at the level of the cortex, leads to perception and recognition of sound signals. On the basis of our neurophysiological investigations, a spiking neural network has been simulated which implements temporal processing in the central auditory system. Essential elements of the first level of this network are coding of amplitude modulations by oscillatory neurons in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) and by integrating neurons in the dorsal nucleus cochlearis (DCN). At the second level undelayed responses from the VCN and delayed responses from the integrated response in the DCN coincide on neurons in the inferior colliculus (IC). Finally, synchronized inhibition originating in the nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL) provides additional timing and low pass filtering. In the auditory system the result of temporal analysis is represented along a neuronal axis orthogonal to the well-known tonotopic axis. Corresponding evidence comes from different methods of mapping auditory midbrain and cortex in various animal, including man.
Estimating Ad Clickthrough Rate through Query Intent Analysis

Clickthrough rate, bid, and cost-per-click are known to be among the factors that impact the rank of an ad shown on a search result page. Search engines can benefit from estimating ad clickthrough in order to determine the quality of ads and maximize their revenue. In this paper, a methodology is developed to estimate ad clickthrough rate by exploring user queries and clickthrough logs. As we demonstrate, the average ad clickthrough rate depends to a substantial extent on the rank position of ads and on the total number of ads displayed on the page. This observation is utilized by a baseline model to calculate the expected clickthrough rate for various ads. We further study the impact of query intent on the clickthrough rate, where query intent is predicted using a combination of query features and the content of search engine result pages. The baseline model and the query intent model are compared for the purpose of calculating the expected ad clickthrough rate. Our findings suggest that such factors as the rank of an ad, the number of ads displayed on the result page, and query intent are effective in estimating ad clickthrough rate.
Robust Face Sketch Style Synthesis

Heterogeneous image conversion is a critical issue in many computer vision tasks, among which example-based face sketch style synthesis provides a convenient way to make artistic effects for photos. However, existing face sketch style synthesis methods generate stylistic sketches depending on many photo-sketch pairs. This requirement limits the generalization ability of these methods to produce arbitrarily stylistic sketches. To handle such a drawback, we propose a robust face sketch style synthesis method, which can convert photos to arbitrarily stylistic sketches based on only one corresponding template sketch. In the proposed method, a sparse representation-based greedy search strategy is first applied to estimate an initial sketch. Then, multi-scale features and Euclidean distance are employed to select candidate image patches from the initial estimated sketch and the template sketch. In order to further refine the obtained candidate image patches, a multi-feature-based optimization model is introduced. Finally, by assembling the refined candidate image patches, the completed face sketch is obtained. To further enhance the quality of synthesized sketches, a cascaded regression strategy is adopted. Compared with the state-of-the-art face sketch synthesis methods, experimental results on several commonly used face sketch databases and celebrity photos demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Digital leadership, Twitter and Pope Francis

Abstract The Internet reproduces and strengthens our model of social dialog. Just as in the physical world, the online public conversation and, above all, the ideological debate, requires leaders who can be a point of reference to either foster values or contradict them. The concept of leadership has drawn the attention of several studies concerning communication management. Leaders are neither all equal nor do they exercise leadership by means of the same tools. This article studies both the concept of digital leadership as a guide for online conversation and the use that microblogs, such as Twitter, can provide for this purpose. Among several public figures using Twitter, we have focused our study on the @Pontifex account to have an insight into the type of leadership exercised by the Holy Father and the impact of his teaching. The analysis shows that the Pope uses Twitter for catechetical purposes and that he is aware that his message can reach a large audience. Moreover, although interaction between the Pope and his followers on this platform is a fact already known, we have further found that some messages arouse followers’ interest more than others do.
PAC learnability versus VC dimension: A footnote to a basic result of statistical learning

A fundamental result of statistical learning theory states that a concept class is PAC learnable if and only if it is a uniform Glivenko-Cantelli class if and only if the VC dimension of the class is finite. However, the theorem is only valid under special assumptions of measurability of the class, in which case the PAC learnability even becomes consistent. Otherwise, there is a classical example, constructed under the Continuum Hypothesis by Dudley and Durst and further adapted by Blumer, Ehrenfeucht, Haussler, and Warmuth, of a concept class of VC dimension one which is neither uniform Glivenko-Cantelli nor consistently PAC learnable. We show that, rather surprisingly, under an additional set-theoretic hypothesis which is much milder than the Continuum Hypothesis (Martin's Axiom), PAC learnability is equivalent to finite VC dimension for every concept class.
Correcting document image warping based on regression of curved text lines

Image warping is a common problem when one scans or photocopies a document page from a thick bound volume, resulting in shading and curved text lines in the spine area of the bound volume. This will not only impair readability, but will also reduce the OCR accuracy. Further to our earlier attempt to correct such images, this paper proposes a simpler connected component analysis and regression technique. Compared to our earlier method, the present system is computationally less expensive and is resolution independent too. The implementation of the new system and improvement of OCR accuracy are presented in this paper.
Knowledge Creation in Marketing Based on Data Mining

Survival in a knowledge-based economy is derived from the ability to convert information to knowledge. To do so, researchers and managers are increasingly relying on the field of data mining. Data mining identifies and confirms relationships between explanatory and criterion variables. Data mining are increasingly popular because of the substantial contributions they can make in converting information to knowledge. Marketing is among the most frequent applications of the techniques, and whether you think about product development, advertising, distribution and retailing, or marketing research and business intelligence, data mining increasingly are being applied. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of data mining, summarize how it impact on knowledge creation in marketing, and suggest future developments in marketing and data mining for both organizations and researchers.
ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVO DE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE LA RELACIÓN PSICOTERAPÉUTICA EN PACIENTES DE LA CIUDAD DE SAN LUIS DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE PERCEPTION OF THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP IN PATIENTS FROM THE CITY OF SAN LUIS

To investigate the patient’s perception of the therapeutic relationship and assessments about the therapist which could be facilitating, we designed a study using a non-probabilistic sample composed by 108 patients (M = 31.90, SD = 11.54), residents in San Luis, Argentina. The Helping Alliance Questionnaire - HAq-II was used (Luborsky et al., 1996) and a questionnaire built ad hoc, too. In general, the results show an appropriate therapeutic relationship and a high rating of therapist aspects such as warmth, seriousness, understanding, trust, respect, interest and commitment. Women therapists obtained higher scores in warmth and seriousness, trust, commitment to work, among others. Patients without knowledge of the different psychotherapy approaches tend to assess more positively relational aspects of the therapeutic relationship; meanwhile those who have knowledge have higher expectations about the results that are intended to be achieved.
Landmarks-based kernelized subspace alignment for unsupervised domain adaptation

Domain adaptation (DA) has gained a lot of success in the recent years in computer vision to deal with situations where the learning process has to transfer knowledge from a source to a target domain. In this paper, we introduce a novel unsupervised DA approach based on both subspace alignment and selection of landmarks similarly distributed between the two domains. Those landmarks are selected so as to reduce the discrepancy between the domains and then are used to non linearly project the data in the same space where an efficient subspace alignment (in closed-form) is performed. We carry out a large experimental comparison in visual domain adaptation showing that our new method outperforms the most recent unsupervised DA approaches.
Determinants of Unemployment Duration for Men and Women in Turkey

There are few studies on unemployment duration in developing countries. This is the first study on duration aspect of unemployment in Turkey. We use the results of the Household Labor Force Surveys of 2000 and 2001 to construct a cross-section of durations of unemployment spells. We analyze the determinants of probability of leaving unemployment or the hazard rate. The effects of the personal and household characteristics and the local labor market conditions are examined. Non-Parametric and parametric estimation methods are used, controlling for the unobserved heterogeneity. Two alternative definitions of unemployment are considered. The analyses are carried out for men and women separately. Our results indicate that women are experiencing higher unemployment durations then men. Age has a negative and education has a positive effect on the hazard rate. The effect of the local unemployment rate is large and negative. Duration dependence of the exit rate from unemployment is different for men and women. For men, there is slight U-shaped duration dependence, while for women there is no duration dependence.
Formalizing Non-Formalism: Breaking the Rules of Automated Game Design

Automated game design (AGD) is an exciting new frontier for generative software and games research, one which intersects many areas of AI as well as cutting across the many creative domains involved in developing a game. However, there is a trend throughout existing automated game design work to concentrate primarily on the rules that underpin a game – objectives, obstacles, and the notion of challenge. This paper examines this trend in automated game design, and argues that a broader understanding of games is needed. We examine the history of AGD to date, and consider this work in the context of game design theories and definitions. We discuss the term secret box to describe a class of game that does not fall into the purview of existing AGD approaches, and offer a design sketch of an AGD system we are building, ANGELINA 6, to begin to challenge these ideas.
Worldsheet instantons and torsion curves. Part B: mirror symmetry

We apply mirror symmetry to the problem of counting holomorphic rational curves in a Calabi-Yau threefold X with Z3 � Z3 Wilson lines. As we found in Part A [1], the integral homology group H2(X;Z) = Z 3 � Z3 � Z3 contains torsion curves. Using the B-model on the mirror of X as well as its covering spaces, we compute the instanton numbers. We observe that X is self-mirror even at the quantum level. Using the selfmirror property, we derive the complete prepotential on X, going beyond the results of Part A. In particular, this yields the first example where the instanton number depends on the torsion part of its homology class. Another consequence is that the threefold X provides a non-toric example for the conjectured exchange of torsion subgroups in mirror manifolds.