Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The ergonomics improvement on work conditions reducing fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders of rice milling workers in J village

One of the industries that support the fulfillment of food self-sufficiency is the rice milling industry. Rice milling activity cannot be separated from the working conditions. The working conditions in the rice mill at general pay less attention to the design aspects of ergonomics, occupational health and safety where employees work in standing, bent, and head down position, also lifting weights constantly. It causes fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders increases. This study aims to determine the improvement of working conditions may reduce fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders. The research uses experimental design Randomized Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. The subject of research in the form of 30 male workers in the rice mill with an age range 16 until 56 years, divided into 15 subjects in the control group and 20 in the treatment group. The results showed that the post-test average the fatigue, there are results of 76.40 more less 13.50 in the control group and 55.53 more less 9.51 in the treatment group. Significance analysis showed that after two groups grind the rice, the fatigue average significantly different p less than 0.005. The amount of reduction in fatigue between the two groups was 27.31 percent. In the musculoskeletal disorders after the posttest showed that the mean score of musculoskeletal disorders in the control group was 77.33 more less 12.31 and the treatment group was 49.53 more less 8.18. Analysis of significance to the Independent Samples T Test after posttest showed that both groups average musculoskeletal disorders are different significantly, p less than 0.05. The amount of reduction in musculoskeletal disorders between the control group and the treatment group after the activity amounted to 35.95 percent. From this study we can conclude that the improvement of working conditions with the ergonomic approach may reduce the fatigue by 27.31 percent and musculoskeletal disorders by 35.95 percent.
Automatic Decomposition of the Clinical Electromyogram

We describe a new, automatic signal-processing method (ADEMG) for extracting motor-unit action potentials (MUAP's) from the electromyographic interference pattern for clinical diagnostic purposes. The method employs digital filtering to select the spike components of the MUAP's from the background activity, identifies the spikes by template matching, averages the MUAP waveforms from the raw signal using the identified spikes as triggers, and measures their amplitudes, durations, rise rates, numbers of phases, and firing rates. Efficient new algorithms are used to align and compare spikes and to eliminate interference from the MUAP averages. In a typical 10-s signal recorded from the biceps brachii muscle using a needle electrode during a 20 percent-maximal isometric contraction, the method identifies 8-15 simultaneously active MUAP's and detects 30-70 percent of their occurrences. The analysis time is 90 s on a PDP-11/34A.
Autorepression of the Human Cytomegalovirus Major Immediate-Early Promoter/Enhancer at Late Times of Infection Is Mediated by the Recruitment of Chromatin Remodeling Enzymes by IE86

ABSTRACT The human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early protein IE86 is pivotal for coordinated regulation of viral gene expression throughout infection. A relatively promiscuous transactivator of viral early and late gene transcription, IE86 also acts during infection to negatively regulate its own promoter via direct binding to a 14-bp palindromic IE86-binding site, the cis repression sequence (crs), located between the major immediate-early promoter (MIEP) TATA box and the start of transcription. Although such autoregulation does not involve changes in the binding of basal transcription factors to the MIEP in vitro, it does appear to involve selective inhibition of RNA polymerase II recruitment. However, how this occurs is unclear. We show that autorepression by IE86 at late times of infection correlates with changes in chromatin structure around the MIEP during the course of infection and that this is likely to result from physical and functional interactions between IE86 and chromatin remodeling enzymes normally associated with transcriptional repression of cellular promoters. Firstly, we show that IE86-mediated autorepression is inhibited by histone deacetylase inhibitors. We also show that IE86 interacts, in vitro and in vivo, with the histone deacetylase HDAC1 and histone methyltransferases G9a and Suvar(3-9)H1 and that coexpression of these chromatin remodeling enzymes with IE86 increases autorepression of the MIEP. Finally, we show that mutation of the crs in the context of the virus abrogates the transcriptionally repressive chromatin phenotype normally found around the MIEP at late times of infection, suggesting that negative autoregulation by IE86 results, at least in part, from IE86-mediated changes in chromatin structure of the viral MIEP.
Four Intuitive Messages for LDPC Codes

Four new messages for decoding of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are proposed. An a posteriori probability ratio (APPR) message, an a posteriori probability (APP) message, and an a posteriori probability difference (APPD) message for variable and check nodes are derived for sum-product decoding of LDPC codes. Also, we propose a hybrid APPD-APPR message, which denotes a hybrid message with an APPD variable node message and APPR check node message. All the proposed messages require only addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations for decoding of LDPC codes. We show that the hybrid APPD-APPR message-passing has the lowest complexity among the proposed messages.
Women's Experiences With Early Breastfeeding After Gestational Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To explore the lived experience of early breastfeeding for postpartum women who had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnancy. DESIGN A qualitative phenomenological research design. SETTING Participants were recruited from community hospitals, postpartum clinics, and lactation clinics in rural and urban facilities in the Midwest and Atlantic Regions of the United States. PARTICIPANTS A purposive sample of 27 women who had been diagnosed with GDM and who had initiated breastfeeding following delivery. METHODS Questions were used as prompts to initiate conversation and to provide structure for focus group discussions and interviews. Data were analyzed independently and then collaboratively with the researchers and experts to compare findings, including interpretations and concerns before revisions were made in preparation of the final, composite description. RESULTS Three themes emerged from the data reflecting the participants' interpreted experience: Breastfeeding Challenges and Breastfeeding Support, Milk Supply Challenges, and Concern for Infant Health. Delayed lactogenesis II was reported by 30% of the women, and 44% perceived decreased milk supply. CONCLUSIONS Participants identified breastfeeding facilitators and barriers, many of which could have been modified. The women expressed a need for consistent lactation advice, education, assistance, and strategies to address breastfeeding challenges and milk supply issues.
MIMO Relay Network With Precoding

We study the achievable rate in a MIMO, dual-hop, relay network where source and relay nodes may precode their input signals before transmission. Although an iterative expression for optimal precoders in this scenario is available in the literature, the corresponding achievable rate cannot be obtained analytically. We therefore propose approximate expressions for the precoding matrices and present semianalytical derivations of the achievable rate, which represent a significant progress toward closed-form expressions of this important metric. Beside being mathematically tractable, our expressions for the precoders provide data rates that are very close to the optimum and outperform existing approximate schemes. We apply our expressions to the analysis of the tradeoffs existing between achievable rate and nodes power consumption.
Social Relationships Among Family Caregivers

Sometimes, clinicians assume caregivers in cultural groups believed to have large social networks and strong social support need little intervention from health professionals. This longitudinal study tests five hypotheses about the social relationships of Mexican American compared to non-Hispanic White caregivers and whether negative changes in social support affect perceived health. The sample includes 66 Mexican American and 92 non-Hispanic White caregivers. Findings show that social networks and social support are similar at baseline and similarly stable for 1 year. Negative changes in social support are correlated with poorer health perceptions. Findings underscore the importance of designing interventions that are culturally competent based on what the caregiver is experiencing rather than cultural stereotypes.
Emergence of metachronal waves in cilia arrays

Propulsion by cilia is a fascinating and universal mechanism in biological organisms to generate fluid motion on the cellular level. Cilia are hair-like organelles, which are found in many different tissues and many uni- and multicellular organisms. Assembled in large fields, cilia beat neither randomly nor completely synchronously—instead they display a striking self-organization in the form of metachronal waves (MCWs). It was speculated early on that hydrodynamic interactions provide the physical mechanism for the synchronization of cilia motion. Theory and simulations of physical model systems, ranging from arrays of highly simplified actuated particles to a few cilia or cilia chains, support this hypothesis. The main questions are how the individual cilia interact with the flow field generated by their neighbors and synchronize their beats for the metachronal wave to emerge and how the properties of the metachronal wave are determined by the geometrical arrangement of the cilia, like cilia spacing and beat direction. Here, we address these issues by large-scale computer simulations of a mesoscopic model of 2D cilia arrays in a 3D fluid medium. We show that hydrodynamic interactions are indeed sufficient to explain the self-organization of MCWs and study beat patterns, stability, energy expenditure, and transport properties. We find that the MCW can increase propulsion velocity more than 3-fold and efficiency almost 10-fold—compared with cilia all beating in phase. This can be a vital advantage for ciliated organisms and may be interesting to guide biological experiments as well as the design of efficient microfluidic devices and artificial microswimmers.
PDP-10 virtual machines

The architecture of the DEC PDP-10 prohibits using standard methods to construct a virtual PDP-10 on it. However, by simulating all executive-mode instructions and in rare cases user-mode instructions, a “hybrid” virtual machine may be constructed. Building on such a simulator and an operating system with hierarchical process relationships, the author has easily constructed a prototype virtual machine.
Towards quantum-noise limited multiplexed microwave readout of qubits

Coherent circuits based on superconducting elements hold tremendous promise for the practical implementation of quantum information technology: advanced computation, cryptography, and hardware simulation of complex materials systems are envisioned applications. Such circuits are essentially engineered atoms with level transitions in the 4-8 GHz regime; as such “read” and “write” operations are performed with the aid of fast microwave pulses and low-noise amplifiers, respectively. Recent advances in cavity-based superconducting parametric amplifiers have enabled real-time measurement and feedback in one and two qubits. We demonstrate a novel Josephson junction transmission-line based traveling-wave amplifier which employs sub-wavelength phase matching resonators to achieve high gain, several GHz of bandwidth, and near quantum-noise limited performance. Such devices will enable multiplexed qubit readout in integrated architectures comprised of a variety of microwave frequency analog and digital superconducting technologies: signal sources, multiplexers, ADCs, DACs, mixers, and amplifiers.
Investigation for complement deficiency following meningococcal disease

Background and aims: The incidence of complement abnormalities in the UK is not known. It is suggested in at least three major paediatric textbooks to test for abnormalities of the complement system following meningococcal disease (MCD). Methods: Over a four year period, surviving children with a diagnosis of MCD had complement activity assessed. A total of 297 children, aged 2 months to 16 years were screened. Results: All children except one had disease caused by B or C serogroups. One child, with group B meningococcal septicaemia (complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation and who required ventilation and inotropic support) was complement deficient. C2 deficiency was subsequently diagnosed. She had other major pointers towards an immunological abnormality prior to her MCD. Conclusion: It is unnecessary to screen all children routinely following MCD if caused by group B or C infection. However, it is important to assess the previous health of the child and to investigate appropriately if there have been previous suspicious infections, abnormal course of infective illnesses, or if this is a repeated episode of neisserial infection.
Boceprevir for untreated chronic HCV genotype 1 infection.

BACKGROUND Peginterferon-ribavirin therapy is the current standard of care for chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). The rate of sustained virologic response has been below 50% in cases of HCV genotype 1 infection. Boceprevir, a potent oral HCV-protease inhibitor, has been evaluated as an additional treatment in phase 1 and phase 2 studies. METHODS We conducted a double-blind study in which previously untreated adults with HCV genotype 1 infection were randomly assigned to one of three groups. In all three groups, peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin were administered for 4 weeks (the lead-in period). Subsequently, group 1 (the control group) received placebo plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 44 weeks; group 2 received boceprevir plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 24 weeks, and those with a detectable HCV RNA level between weeks 8 and 24 received placebo plus peginterferon-ribavirin for an additional 20 weeks; and group 3 received boceprevir plus peginterferon-ribavirin for 44 weeks. Nonblack patients and black patients were enrolled and analyzed separately. RESULTS A total of 938 nonblack and 159 black patients were treated. In the nonblack cohort, a sustained virologic response was achieved in 125 of the 311 patients (40%) in group 1, in 211 of the 316 patients (67%) in group 2 (P<0.001), and in 213 of the 311 patients (68%) in group 3 (P<0.001). In the black cohort, a sustained virologic response was achieved in 12 of the 52 patients (23%) in group 1, in 22 of the 52 patients (42%) in group 2 (P=0.04), and in 29 of the 55 patients (53%) in group 3 (P=0.004). In group 2, a total of 44% of patients received peginterferon-ribavirin for 28 weeks. Anemia led to dose reductions in 13% of controls and 21% of boceprevir recipients, with discontinuations in 1% and 2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The addition of boceprevir to standard therapy with peginterferon-ribavirin, as compared with standard therapy alone, significantly increased the rates of sustained virologic response in previously untreated adults with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. The rates were similar with 24 weeks and 44 weeks of boceprevir. (Funded by Schering-Plough [now Merck]; SPRINT-2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00705432.).
Tumor detection and whole slide classification of H&E lymph node images using convolutional neural network

Histopathological analysis of tissues has been gaining a lot of interests recently, from developing computer algorithms to assist pathologists from cell detection and counting, to tissue classification and cancer grading. With the advent of whole slide imaging, the field of digital pathology has gained enormous popularity, and is currently regarded as one of the most promising avenues of diagnostic medicine. Deep learning advancement on image set today has successfully evolved as many models has been proposed and produced state-of-the-art object classifying results. This is not limited to large database such as Imagenet but also has seen applications in other medical image analysis related areas. In this paper we have carefully constructed and expanded the deep model network to classify normal and tumor slides in histology images of lymph nodes tissue. We have proposed our own deep learning model based on convolutional neural network with smaller requirement using 64×64×3 input image with 12 convolutional layer with max pooling and ReLU activation function. Our method has better AUC result at 0.94 than the winner of Camelyon16 Challenge with AUC of 0.925.
Marketing Efficiency of Dairy Products for Co-operative and Private Dairy Plants in Tamil Nadu - A Comparative Analysis

The marketing of milk and milk products by dairy plants of co-operative and private sectors in Tamil Nadu has been compared. The study is based on the data collected for toned milk, standardized milk, full cream milk, flavoured milk, butter and ghee from the selected co-operative and private dairy plants of the Coimbatore district for the financial year 2001-2002. It has been found that the marketing cost for toned milk is same in both the dairy plants , whereas it is higher for standardized milk, full cream milk and flavoured milk in the co-operative dairy plant. The marketing cost has been found less in the cooperative plant for products like butter and ghee . All the dairy products earn more marketing margins in the private than co-operative dairy plant, except for toned milk . The marketing efficiency of cooperative dairy plant for all dairy products has been observed relatively less than that of private dairy plant, except toned milk . The study has suggested the development of co-operative dairy industry in a sustainable manner, the co-operative dairy plants should formulate long-term vision and strategy. The study has observed that value addition in dairy products should be done without compromising the quality and consumer-oriented market research and development should be accorded greater attention .
The Impact of Globalization on Compliance with Labor Standards : A Plant-Level Study

Many critics of globalization claim that the increase in international trade and multinational activity is undermining compliance with labor standards. In this paper, we use a panel of manufacturing plants for Indonesia to examine the impact of export orientation and foreign ownership on compliance with the minimum wage. For the period of the 1990s, Indonesia makes an ideal case study because the nominal minimum wage quadrupled, the real minimum wage doubled, and both exports and foreign ownership increased dramatically. If we do not include plant or worker controls, we find that both exporting firms and foreign plants are significantly more likely to comply with minimum wages. Once we control for worker and plant characteristics, however, we find the following: first, foreign ownership is associated with higher compliance with minimum wages; second, higher compliance for exporters only occurred at the end of the 1990s. At the beginning of the decade, export status was associated with a lower likelihood of compliance, after controlling for plant and worker characteristics. We speculate that the increase in compliance for exporters is associated with the increase in human rights activism and the pressure on Indonesian firms applied by the United States in the context of the Generalized System of Preferences. These results are robust to the inclusion of differences in profitability and productivity across ownership status.
Melatonin reduces body weight in goldfish (Carassius auratus): effects on metabolic resources and some feeding regulators

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of chronic melatonin (10 μg/g body weight) on body weight and the main energetic reserves, particularly hepatic and muscle content of proteins, lipids and glycogen in goldfish. In addition, we studied plasma leptin and ghrelin, and hypothalamic content of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and monoamines after chronic melatonin treatment in order to elucidate a possible interplay between melatonin and these feeding regulators on the body weight regulation in this species. Body weight gain and specific growth rate were reduced (74% and 76%, respectively) after chronic (10 days) intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment with melatonin. The carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was regulated by melatonin in goldfish, because this indoleamine reduced muscle glycogen stores and increased lipid mobilization. A suppressive trend, but not statistically significant, in circulating ghrelin was observed after chronic treatment with melatonin. Chronic melatonin administration significantly reduced noradrenergic metabolism and increased dihydroxiphenylacetic acid content in the hypothalamus, without significant modifications in the serotoninergic system. Thus, it could be suggested that melatonin may mediate its action on energy balance in fish, at least in part, via interactions with hypothalamic catecholaminergic system. Plasma leptin and hypothalamic NPY remained unaltered after melatonin treatment, suggesting that these feeding regulators may not be involved in the effects of melatonin on energy homeostasis in fish.
An Adaptive Goal-Based Model for Autonomous Multi-Robot Using HARMS and NuSMV

In a dynamic environment autonomous robots often encounter unexpected situations that the robots have to deal with in order to continue proceeding their mission. We propose an adaptive goal-based model that allows cyber-physical systems (CPS) to update their environmental model and helps them analyze for attainment of their goals from current state using the updated environmental model and its capabilities. Information exchange approach utilizes Human-Agent-Robot-Machine-Sensor (HARMS) model to exchange messages between CPS. Model validation method uses NuSMV, which is one of Model Checking tools, to check whether the system can continue its mission toward the goal in the given environment. We explain a practical set up of the model in a situation in which homogeneous robots that has the same capability work in the same environment.
The Benefits of Unexpected Informal Customer Support from Vendors in Online Communities

Virtual communities not only allow customers to share ideas and help each other, but also provide new venues for vendors to manage customer relationships. Two studies are presented showing how two companies, one in the software industry and one in the airline industry, have successfully enhanced their relationship with customers by strategically participating in virtual communities. Both companies have gained benefits in the forms of customer loyalty, increased customer satisfaction, and less support calls. Our research suggests that companies designate employees to spend a few hours each week to monitor relevant virtual communities. This enables the company to develop an intimate yet informal relationship with customers. Lessons learned from this type of informal support are: the vendor employees need to clearly identify their positions, the support should be unofficial, and the community should not be used as another marketing channel.