Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surgical Site Infections : Bacteriological Profile and Antibiogram with Special Reference to MRSA in A Tertiary Care Centre in Western Uttar Pradesh

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) account for around 15% of all nosocomial infections. In the recent years there has been a growing prevalence of Gram negative organisms as a cause of serious infections in many hospitals. In addition irrational use of broad spectrum antibiotics and resulting antimicrobial resistance has further deteriorated the condition in this regard. Aim: The study aimed to identify bacterial etiology of surgical site infections and their antibiogram in an attempt to develop comprehensive treatment protocol. Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital and University, Greater Noida, over a period of one year from January 2014 to December 2014. The pus samples were collected from all postoperative patients with the evidence of surgical site infections. These were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar plates. The growing organisms were identified by standard techniques available. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on Mueller Hinton agar using antibiotics from different classes including beta lactams, glycopeptides, aminoglycosides, macrolides and fluoroquinolones. Results: A total of 83 isolates of various organisms were isolated from different samples of pus. The various organisms isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (31.33%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.92%), E.coli (15.66%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (6.02%), Enterococcus (2.41%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.82%), Proteus mirabilis (3.61%) and Acinetobacter sp. (7.23%). 53.85% isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were found to be methicillin resistant. Vancomycin was the most effective drug for Gram positive organisms and imipenem for the Gram negative organisms. Drugs from other classes were more or less resistant to the isolated organisms. Conclusion: The inappropriate and prolonged use of antibiotics should be avoided as this leads to development of resistant micro organisms which are even more difficult to get rid of.
Analyzing Multimode Wireless Sensor Networks Using the Network Calculus

The network calculus is a powerful tool to analyze the performance of wireless sensor networks. But the original network calculus can only model the single-mode wireless sensor network. In this paper, we combine the original network calculus with the multimode model to analyze the maximum delay bound of the flow of interest in the multimode wireless sensor network. There are two combined methods A-MM and N-MM. The method A-MM models the whole network as a multimode component, and the method N-MM models each node as a multimode component. We prove that the maximum delay bound computed by the method A-MM is tighter than or equal to that computed by the method N-MM. Experiments show that our proposed methods can significantly decrease the analytical delay bound comparing with the separate flow analysis method. For the large-scale wireless sensor network with 32 thousands of sensor nodes, our proposed methods can decrease about 70% of the analytical delay bound.
CYCLIC BEHAVIOR OF COMPOSITE CLAYS

Composite clay is a mixture of clay, as the main body and aggregates which are floating within the clayey matrix. Cyclic undrained behavior of composite clays in its natural or compacted state e.g., core material of embankment dams has a great importance for the geotechnical engineers. A laboratory testing program was conducted on kaolin-gravel and kaolin-sand mixtures to investigate effects of aggregate on the cyclic behavior of the mixtures during strain-controlled cyclic loadings. Following experimental tests, an analytical approach was applied to see the behavior of composite clay cores for an actual case of embankment dams. Laboratory test results reveals, when aggregate content is raised pore pressure and shear modulus rise. Analytical results suggest that heterogeneous behavior of composite clays should be considered in design of embankment dams.
IN SITU HYDROGENATION OF LIQUID EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER USING DIIMIDE ( Penghidrogenan In Situ

A low-molecular-weight liquid epoxidized natural rubber (LENR) was prepared through photosensitized degradation of epoxidized natural rubber with 50 mol percent of epoxy content (ENR-50). LENR was modified into hydrogenated liquid epoxidized natural rubber (HLENR) via in situ thermal degradation of arylsulfonyl hydrazide as a hydrogenating agent. The chemical structures of LENR and HLENR were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The thermal behaviour of LENR and HLENR were analysed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) of LENR and HLENR were determined using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The parameter studies on the hydrogenation of LENR were investigated based on the source of diimide, weight ratios of LENR: p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide (TSH), temperature, reaction time and solvent of the reaction. The highest conversion of hydrogenation was achieved at 130 °C for 4 hours reaction time, with 1:1 weight ratio of LENR: TSH using oxylene as a solvent.
Measurements and TCAD simulations of bulk and surface radiation damage effects in silicon detectors

In this work we propose the application of a radiation damage model based on the introduction of deep level traps/recombination centers suitable for device level numerical simulation of radiation detectors at very high fluences (e.g. 1÷2×1016 1-MeV equivalent neutrons per square centimeter) combined with a surface damage model developed by using experimental parameters extracted from measurements from gamma irradiated p-type dedicated test structures.
Designing, simulation and testing of low current passive filters used in the didactic activity

The paper is focused on the simulation, realization and testing of a low current RC passive filters. The analysis relies on low pass and high pass first order passive filters. Staring from these filters other two RC circuits can be achieved: band pass and band stop filters. Based on the results yielded by the design and respectively by simulation, an integrated experimental platform was realized. In the second part of the paper, the simulation results have been validated by experimental results. The realized platform is useful in the didactic activity to understand the role of these filters in an electrical circuit.
Wavelet and fractal frequency analysis of the Mexico City neutron monitor signal

We studied cosmic ray intensity variations in the whole data b se of the Mexico City neutron monitor station from 1990 to 2013 using wavelet transforms to determ ine the power density function and its time evolution, with which we have identified the midand long-te rm variations present in the registers. We give the corresponding confidence levels for the periodicities foun d a d their relative contribution to the total power of such variations. We also performed a fractal analysis of the tim series to identify its intrinsic variations and longterm persistency. Consistent results were found with both k inds of analysis. As a reference, we compare these results with those of classical Fourier analysis based on th e discrete Fourier transform.
Cardiovascular effects of a novel, potent and selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, DMPPO: in vitro and in vivo characterization

1 The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular effects of a novel, potent and specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE 5) inhibitor, 1,3 dimethyl‐6‐(2‐propoxy‐5‐methane sulphonylamidophenyl)‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐(5H)‐one (DMPPO) in phenylephrine‐precontracted rat aortic rings and different in vivo rat preparations. 2 DMPPO elicited a concentration‐dependent relaxation of rat aortic rings with functional endothelium. DMPPO‐induced relaxation was abolished by endothelium removal or pretreatment with the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor, methylene blue (10 μm). 3 In aortic rings without endothelium, the potency (pD2 = ‐log10 EC50) of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) to induce relaxation increased from 8.13 ± 0.05 in the absence of DMPPO to 8.32 ± 0.05 and 8.52 ± 0.08 in the presence of 30 nM and 100 nM DMPPO, respectively. Similarly, the potency of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in inducing relaxation increased from 7.38 ± 0.07 in the absence of the PDE 5 inhibitor to 8.07 ± 0.11 and 8.15 ± 0.08 in the presence of 30 nM and 100 nM DMPPO, respectively. In contrast, relaxation to the adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin, was unchanged by DMPPO (100μm). 4 In rings without endothelium, DMPPO (100 nM) increased by 2.5 fold intracellular levels of guanosine 3′:5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP). Moreover, DMPPO (100 nM) potentiated the increases in cyclic GMP levels induced by ANP (30 nM) by 3 fold and SNP (30 nM) by 2.7 fold. Adenosine 3′:5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels were not modified by DMPPO. 5 In anaesthetized normotensive or spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), DMPPO (2 and 5 mg kg−1, i.v.) lowered blood pressure without affecting heart rate. Similarly, in conscious SHR, orally administered DMPPO (5 mg kg−1) induced a 25 mmHg decrease in blood pressure for at least 7 h without modifying heart rate. Meanwhile, urinary cyclic GMP was increased by 50% whereas cyclic AMP remained unchanged. 6 In normotensive anaesthetized rats, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (i.v. bolus) induced a decrease in blood pressure which rapidly returned to baseline. In DMPPO (1 mg kg−1, i.v.)‐treated rats, the hypotensive effects of SNP (10 to 100 μg kg−1) were prolonged over time whereas the peak effect was unchanged. 7 In pithed rats, phenylephrine (i.v. bolus) induced dose‐dependent increases in blood pressure. Pretreatment with DMPPO (5 mg kg−1, i.v.) partially inhibited the pressor response to phenylephrine (0.3 to 100 μg kg−1). 8 In conclusion, the potent and selective PDE 5 inhibitor, DMPPO, produces relaxation in isolated vessels in the presence of a cyclic GMP drive and reduces blood pressure of intact animals. Its high oral bioavailability and long duration of action should make it a useful tool to study the role of cyclic GMP in various biological systems.
A new index for rating aesthetics of implant-supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues--the Implant Crown Aesthetic Index.

OBJECTIVES The important item of aesthetics is rarely included in evaluation studies. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an index for rating aesthetics of implant-supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS Nine items were selected, which have an influence on the aesthetic result. The items are based on the anatomic form, colour and surface characteristics of the crown and on the anatomic form, colour and surface characteristics of the peri-implant soft tissues. Two oral-maxillofacial surgeons and two prosthodontists rated 24 implant-supported single-tooth restorations and adjacent soft tissues on a form with the nine items of the rating index. The rating was carried out twice by each of the examiners. Weighted Cohen's kappa was calculated to express the intra- and interobserver agreement. RESULTS Intraobserver results indicated that the agreement between the first and second rating of both the prosthodontists was good (both 0.7) and that the agreement of the oral-maxillofacial surgeons was moderate (0.49 and 0.56). The best interobserver agreement was found between the two prosthodontists (0.61, good agreement). CONCLUSIONS The Implant Crown Aesthetic Index is an objective tool in rating aesthetics of implant-supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues. The rating is best be carried out by one prosthodontist to have the highest reliability.
An assessment of site response from the study of the H / V ratios in the Garhwal Himalaya , India

The Garhwal Himalaya region with moderate to high seismicity has considerable seismic risk potential arising from complex tectonic evolutionary processes. We assess first approximations of site responses across the region using the empirical horizontal to vertical (H/V) spectral amplitude ratio method of Nakamura (1989). The data comprises recorded ambient seismic noise and local earthquakes using a network of digital broadband seismographs from June 2005 to June 2008. The site response is calculated as the H/V amplitude spectra at each site following the hypothesis of Nakamura. These spectra are used in estimating sitespecific fundamental resonance frequencies and peak amplitudes. The stability of the H/V ratio is studied using standard deviations and 90% confidence intervals. Our results show that seasonal variations in the ambient noise data do not affect frequency estimates. The ‘peak’ corresponding to fundamental resonance frequency, is prominently present in both ambient noise and earthquake datasets. Observed H/V ratios correspond to the effects of velocity contrast and characteristic sub-surface topographic effect around a certain frequency range. Estimated fundamental resonance frequencies are in the range 2–5 Hz for the studied sites. Our results provide valuable inputs for further studies on site characterization and damage mitigation.
COUPLING OF IMPLICIT-EXPPLICIT METHODS FOR TWO-PHAS E FLOW WITH A FULLY VOLUME PRESERVING METHOD

The SIMPLE-based Finite Volume Method is combined with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to solve the two-phase flow field. Interface conditions are satisfied by means of the continuous surface force (CSF) methodology. A geometrical Eulerian interface reconstruction method is presented, where the volume fraction field is fully conserved. In addition, while the momentum equations are solved implicitly, an explicit time split scheme is used for the volume fraction equation. The preconditioning matrix solver ILUTGMRES is used to solve the algebraic system. Computational results presented for dam break and sloshing tank problems are shown to be in good agreement with other results reported in the open literature.
A social cognitive approach to burnout in elite athletes

The purpose of this study was to investigate athlete burnout from a social‐cognitive perspective by examining the relationship between social cognitive motivational variables at the start of a season and signs of burnout in elite athletes at the end of the season. Participants were 141 (F=60, M=81) elite winter sport athletes competing in Alpine skiing, Biathlon, Nordic Combined, Nordic skiing, and Speed skating. Participants completed a comprehensive motivation assessment package at the start of the season and a further burnout inventory at season's end. Results indicated that motivational dispositions, measures of the achievement climate, perceived ability and dimensions of perfectionism were associated with burnout in a conceptually consistent manner. Furthermore, the elite athletes could be grouped into two motivational profiles based on variables measured at the start of the season, one being adaptive and the other maladaptive. At season's end, the two different motivational profiles yielded distinctively different responses on an inventory assessing signs of burnout. The current findings strengthen the claim that burnout in elite athletes may not simply be “motivation gone awry” as Gould has suggested, but an inevitable consequence of exhibiting a maladaptive motivational profile.
HPC SIMULATIONS OF BROADBAND NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

We computed broadband (0-5 Hz) ground motions from large earthquakes (magnitudes M 6.5 and 7.0) in the near-fault region (< 50 km) for engineering applications. Simulations were run with SW4, a summation-by-parts finite difference code, and included three-dimensional (3D) Earth structure. In order to run large domains (100 x 50 km) and accurately model high frequencies (up to 5-10 Hz), we ran on state-of-the-art high-performance computing (HPC) platforms at Lawrence Livermore and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Earthquake rupture models were based on pseudodynamic kinematic methods and include stochastic slip distributions and scaling between slip, rise time and variable rake. Earth models include simple plane-layered (onedimensional, 1D) average crustal models, as well as models with sedimentary basins and stochastic heterogeneity. We obtained good agreement between simulated motions and Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPE’s). Seismograms computed in this study are used to perform simulations of building response and soil-structure interaction in companion papers in this session. 1 Geophysicist, Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA (email: rodgers7@llnl.gov) 2 Mathematician, Center for Applied Scientific Computing, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA (email: andersp@llnl.gov) 3 Geophysicist, Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA (email: pitarka1@llnl.gov) 4 Postdoctoral Fellow, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (email: mmiah@lbl.gov) 5 Senior Scientist, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (email: dbmccallen@lbl.gov) 6 Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA (email: jeremic@ucdavis.edu) Rodgers, A, Petersson NA, Pitarka A, Miah M, McCallen D and Jeremic B. HPC Simulations of broadband nearfault ground motions for engineering applications. Proceedings of the 11th National Conference in Earthquake Engineering, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA. 2018. HPC Simulations of Broadband Near-Fault Ground Motions for Engineering Applications A. Rodgers1, N. A. Petersson2, A. Pitarka3, M. Miah4, D. McCallen5 and B. Jeremic6
The child language data exchange system

ABSTRACT The study of language acquisition underwent a major revolution in the late 1950s as a result of the dissemination of technology permitting high-quality tape-recording of children in the family setting. This new technology led to major breakthroughs in the quality of both data and theory. The field is now at the threshold of a possible second major breakthrough stimulated by the dissemination of personal computing. Researchers are now able to transcribe tape-recorded data into computer files. With this new medium it is easy to conduct global searches for word combinations across collections of files. It is also possible to enter new codings of the basic text line. Because of the speed and accuracy with which computer files can be copied, it is now much easier to share data between researchers. To foster this sharing of computerized data, a group of child language researchers has established the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES). This article details the formation of the CHILDES, the governance of the system, the nature of the database, the shape of the coding conventions, and the types of computer programs being developed.
Subarrayed time-modulated arrays with minimum power losses

In recent years, several works have been devoted to show the potentialities of time-modulated arrays (TMAs) [1][2]. It is now well-established that TMAs synthesize low-sidelobe average patterns by using a set of simple on-off radio-frequency (RF) switches that modulate the static excitation weights. Moreover, a fast and simple control of the radiation pattern is enabled by just modifying the pulse sequence of RF switches. By exploiting this latter property, it would be of great interest for practical array applications the possibility of reconfiguring the pattern just modifying a reduced number of control elements [3][4] in order to simplify the overall feeding network architecture. Towards this end, this work presents an innovative two-step strategy for the synthesis of sub-arrayed time-modulated antenna arrays where RF switches are used at the sub-array level. The problem is formulated as the retrieval of the “best” sub-arraying configuration and pulse sequence generating a desired pattern at the working frequency with minimum power losses in the harmonic radiations (called sideband radiation -SR) generated by the periodic modulation of the static array excitations. At the first step, the sub-array configuration is determined by means of a “pulse matching” approach that exploits the guidelines of the Border Element Method (BEM) presented in [5] and recognized for its effectiveness in dealing with both small and large arrays. At the second step, a strategy based on a Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO) has been used to determine the pulse sequence minimizing the amount of the power losses where an effective analytical relationship [6] has been taken into account to count the energy in the SR.
Real time Crop health monitoring using Remote Sensing and ancillary information using GIS

Word Limit of the Paper should not be more than 3000 Words = 7/8 Pages) Abstract: To meet the ever increasing demand of food production it is expedient to increase the quality and quantity of produce with optimum input as per the crop demand. So, it is of great significance to monitor the crop health and record information from growing season to harvesting season. Chlorophyll is an excellent indicator of crop health since it allows plants to absorb light and directly reflects the photosynthesis activity. Therefore in this study various chlorophyll indices along with modified vegetation index have been used for assessment of crop health condition and monitoring over a period of time. Satellite has been a paradigm in the field of remote sensing applications such as agriculture, forestry and environment. Data from Landsat-8 with 30m resolution and sentinel-2 images with 10 and 20 meter resolution was acquired for the same period of time. Pre and post processing of images such as classification, calculation of reflectance and indices was performed in Arcmap tool. Results were comparable of both satellites when analysis was performed with NIR, Red and green bands; moreover Results were more satisfactory with Sentinel-2 satellite because of availability of Red-Edge band images and its 20m resolution. Further, this information can be utilized for application of proper amount of nutrients so as to increase the quality and productivity of crop. About the Author: