Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Application of nanoimprint technology to diffraction grating scale for microrotary encoder

Using nanoimprint technology, we developed a rotary diffraction grating scale, which is used for microrotary encoding. The off-center error between the center of the throughhole for inserting a rotational axis and the center of the high-precision micropattern on the periphery of the scale is less than 3 μm because we are able to shape the through-hole and the grating pattern simultaneously. The rotary grating is of sufficient accuracy to use as the scale in a microrotary encoder. The use of nanoimprinting is groundbreaking, in view of the traditionally poor centering precision of grating scale through-holes fabricated by conventional photolithography coupled with the machining of throughholes.
Mapping applications on two-level configurable hardware

Implementing applications on Reconfigurable Computing Architectures (RCAs) is an important research topic because of their high potential to accelerate a wide range of functions. Nevertheless, configuring and programming RCAs is a long-standing challenge. In this paper, we propose a design methodology to map an algorithm on an FPGA preconfigured with a Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Architecture (CGRA). At the lowest configuration level, the architecture of the CGRA is elaborated, synthesized, placed and routed by some hardware design specialist using suitable tools. At the highest level, someone who has no particular knowledge in hardware design is however able to configure the CGRA in order to map his algorithm on a mesh of parallel computing and communicating nodes. Nevertheless, for medium and large applications, where the number of nodes varies from tens to thousands, getting good mapping of applications becomes manually intractable. Founded on well known mapping and routing algorithms that we have tailored to match our context, we propose a design methodology to automate the mapping of applications on a two-level configurable adaptive hardware fabric. Preliminary experiments on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and matrix multiplication applications show that the proposed methodology can lead to high throughput and/or low latency within a reasonable design time.
Development of the main olfactory system and main olfactory epithelium-dependent male mating behavior are altered in Go-deficient mice

Significance Early studies indicated that two olfactory systems in mammals play distinct roles: The main olfactory system detects general odorants, and the accessory olfactory system detects pheromones. Using heterotrimeric Go protein-deficient mice, we show that pheromone detection by the main olfactory system is necessary for the initiation of mating behavior toward the opposite sex and that Go plays a key role in this process by regulating the development of the main olfactory epithelium and the differentiation of dopaminergic interneurons in the olfactory bulb. Our findings provide the basis for identifying pheromone receptors in the main olfactory system and for understanding the hyposmia found in Parkinson’s disease, in which the number of inhibitory dopaminergic interneurons is increased in the olfactory bulb. In mammals, initial detection of olfactory stimuli is mediated by sensory neurons in the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) and the vomeronasal organ (VNO). The heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein Go is widely expressed in the MOE and VNO of mice. Early studies indicated that Go expression in VNO sensory neurons is critical for directing social and sexual behaviors in female mice [Oboti L, et al. (2014) BMC Biol 12:31]. However, the physiological functions of Go in the MOE have remained poorly defined. Here, we examined the role of Go in the MOE using mice lacking the α subunit of Go. Development of the olfactory bulb (OB) was perturbed in mutant mice as a result of reduced neurogenesis and increased cell death. The balance between cell types of OB interneurons was altered in mutant mice, with an increase in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive interneurons at the expense of calbindin-positive interneurons. Sexual behavior toward female mice and preference for female urine odors by olfactory sensory neurons in the MOE were abolished in mutant male mice. Our data suggest that Go signaling is essential for the structural and functional integrity of the MOE and for specification of OB interneurons, which in turn are required for the transmission of pheromone signals and the initiation of mating behavior with the opposite sex.
Studies of static and high-frequency magnetic properties for M-type ferrite BaFe12-2xCoxZrxO19

Static and high-frequency magnetic properties have been studied for BaFe12−2xCoxZrxO19 with x=0–1.2. The x-ray diffraction and M–H curves of aligned samples show that Co–Zr substitution can modify the anisotropy of BaFe12−2xCoxZrxO19. BaFe12−2xCoxZrxO19 with x⩽0.6 has an easy c-axis anisotropy and the anisotropy fields rapidly decrease with Co–Zr substitutions. The sample of x=1.2 has an easy c-plane anisotropy with Ha=5 kOe. The saturation magnetizations of BaFe12−2xCoxZrxO19 are almost constant at x⩽0.4 and decrease with higher substitutions. The coercivity decreases rapidly from 2400 Oe for the sample of x=0 to about 10 Oe for the sample of x=0.8. The natural resonance frequencies are observed at 4.5 and 5.0 GHz for the samples of x=0.8 and x=1.2, respectively. Based on microwave measurement and theoretical estimations on reflectivity, BaFe12−2xCoxZrxO19 may be a good candidate for electromagnetic compatibility and other practical applications at high frequency.
Hodgkin's disease and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma: composite lymphoma with evidence of Epstein–Barr virus infection

This paper reports the case of a patient with a composite lymphoma consisting of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. The Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells harboured the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and displayed a type II EBV latency (LMP1+/EBNA2−), whereas the neoplastic T‐cells were EBV‐negative. Four years later, the patient presented with a relapse of the peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. In situ hybridization revealed numerous EBV‐carrying lymphocytes, which were shown to be polyclonal B‐cells with a latency III pattern of EBV gene expression (LMP1+/EBNA2+). This observation suggests that impairment of EBV‐specific immunity in the micro‐environment of T‐cell lymphomas may facilitate the outgrowth of EBV‐carrying B‐lymphocytes and emphasizes the importance of determining the phenotype of EBV‐infected cells, particularly when studying T‐cell lymphomas. The results further suggest that the HRS cells and neoplastic T‐cells were of different clonal origins. The detection of EBV‐carrying cell populations admixed with the neoplastic T‐cells at primary presentation and at relapse raises the possibility that the growth of the T‐cell lymphoma was dependent on the presence of such cells. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Handling class imbalance and multiple inspection objectives in design of industrial inspection system

A large number of real-world machine learning and data mining problems have several crucial issues that need to be solved, such as class imbalance and multiple objectives; these issues cannot be easily overcome with many learning methods. This study proposes an efficient approach to address the issues and applies the approach in the design of a machine vision system for a real-world problem: inline inspection of surface defects on glass substrates of thin-film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCDs). The three major steps in the machine vision system are: (1) selective extraction of defect features from images using 2-dimemnsional wavelet decomposition, (2) training cost-sensitive classifiers to handle class imbalance, and (3) use of ensemble techniques to achieve multiple manufacturing objectives. When applied to an industrial case study, the achieved performance shows that using the proposed approach in defect inspection of TFT-LCD glass substrates is a viable alternative to manual inspection.
MMP 1 rs 1799750 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Lung Cancer Risk : A Meta-analysis

Lung cancer was the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer as well as the leading cause of cancer death in males in 2008 (Jemal et al., 2011). Globally, lung cancer accounts for 13% (1.6 million) of the total cases and 18% (1.4 million) of the deaths (Jemal et al., 2011). Besides, the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer have grown rapidly in developing countries (Herbst et al., 2008; Kimman et al., 2012). The average 5-year survival rate of patients with lung cancer is less than 15% because of the high incidence of metastasis (Herbst et al., 2008; Goldstraw et al., 2011). Cigarette smoking is the well known risk factor for lung cancer, which accounts for 80% of the worldwide lung cancer burden in males and at least 50% of the burden in females (Herbst et al., 2008). Tobacco smoke contains multiple carcinogens that are known to chemically modify of genomic DNA and further lead to genetic mutations. However, not all smokers develop lung cancer, but many cases are from non-smokers indicating individual genetics are also play an important role in the lung carcinogenesis (Brennan et al., 2011; Xiao et al., 2011). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a family of zincdependent endopeptidases, which can degrade various extracellular components such
Improving the world's health through national public health institutes.

Globalization is as applicable to health issues as to those of trade and economics (1). The increased frequency of travel, distribution of goods, migration, spread of communications and marketing of new lifestyles have promoted a set of risks and health challenges shared by all countries of the world, despite their varied resources, levels of development, demographics and other important considerations (2). The ability of any one country to solve these new challenges on its own is increasingly difﬁcult and certainly inefﬁcient. In many countries, health authorities have established scientiﬁc entities that serve as national resources to prevent and control health problems through research, interventions or the development of policies. There is an increasing tendency to merge these entities and develop more comprehensive public health institutes to deal with the various issues from a public health perspective. We describe the current nature and status of such national public health institutes (NPHIs) and consider the elements that might make them increasingly effective in preventing disease and promoting health in an increasingly interdependent world.An NPHI is an organizational unit of a national govern-ment health ministry (not of a state or province), which serves the whole country as a source of technical public health expertise and would be the unit called upon to respond to public health
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, behavioral weight loss, and sequential treatment for obese patients with binge-eating disorder: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the best established treatment for binge-eating disorder (BED) but does not produce weight loss. The efficacy of behavioral weight loss (BWL) in obese patients with BED is uncertain. This study compared CBT, BWL, and a sequential approach in which CBT is delivered first, followed by BWL (CBT + BWL). METHOD 125 obese patients with BED were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 manualized treatments delivered in groups. Independent assessments were performed posttreatment and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS At 12-month follow-up, intent-to-treat binge-eating remission rates were 51% (CBT), 36% (BWL), and 40% (CBT + BWL), and mean percent BMI losses were -0.9, -2.1, and 1.5, respectively. Mixed-models analyses revealed that CBT produced significantly greater reductions in binge eating than BWL through 12-month follow-up and that BWL produced significantly greater percent BMI loss during treatment. The overall significant percent BMI loss in CBT + BWL was attributable to the significant effects during the BWL component. Binge-eating remission at major assessment points was associated significantly with greater percent BMI loss cross-sectionally and prospectively (i.e., at subsequent follow-ups). CONCLUSIONS CBT was superior to BWL for producing reductions in binge eating through 12-month follow-up, while BWL produced statistically greater, albeit modest, weight losses during treatment. Results do not support the utility of the sequential approach of providing BWL following CBT. Remission from binge eating was associated with significantly greater percent BMI loss. Findings support BWL as an alternative treatment option to CBT for BED.
A Review of the Literature on LGBTQ Adults Who Experience Homelessness

ABSTRACT Little is known about lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adults who experience homelessness. The current review critically analyzes the scant literature on LGBTQ adults who experience homelessness, with a particular focus on: (1) pathways into homelessness; (2) support needs; (3) targeted programming; and (4) exits out of homelessness. A total of 143 articles were identified, and 16 articles met the criteria of appropriate age range, article quality, and relevance of topic. Results from this review demonstrate that homeless LGBTQ adults have unique physical and mental health challenges, largely concerning HIV and substance use. Transgender and gender non-conforming adults who experience homelessness encounter several challenges in the homelessness system, particularly in regard to safety and gender-affirming supports. Recommendations focus on practical implications for support and suggestions for future research.
Expression of EGFR Family and Steroid Hormone Receptors in Ductal Carcinoma in situ of the Breast

The expression of EGFR family and steroid hormone receptors was examined in a series of 40 cases of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded sections. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections were used to classify the tumors according to the published criteria by Holland et al. (Holland R, Peterse JL, Millis RR, et al. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1994;11:167-180). Of the tumors 48% were immunoreactive for EGFR, 63% for c-erbB-2, 78% for c-erbB-3, 95% for c-erbB-4, 88%for estrogen receptor (ER) and 80% for progesterone receptor (PR). Statistically significant association between histological grade (differentiation) and c-erbB-2 protein expression was seen ( p <.001). In addition, expression of c-erbB-4 protein was associated with c-erbB-2 ( p =.004), c-erbB-3 ( p =.058), ER ( p =.002) and PR ( p =.004). It is concluded that c-erbB-2 expression in DCIS is associated with high-grade pathological features, and a higher c-erbB-2 expression is seen in DCIS than in invasive breast carcinomas. A possible association between extensive expression of c-erbB-4 and steroid hormone receptors in proliferative and premalignant breast epithelial cells and the c-erbB-2 expression in DCIS and invasive breast carcinomas is discussed.
Creating cellular diversity through transcription factor competition

The development of blood cells has long served as a model system to study the generation of diverse mature cells from multipotent progenitors. The article by Org et al (2015) reveals how transcription factor competition on primed DNA templates may contribute to embryonic blood cell specification during the early stages of mesoderm development. The study not only provides new insights into the functionality of the key haematopoietic transcription factor Scl/Tal1, but also provides a potentially widely applicable framework for transcription factor‐mediated cell fate specification.
Randomised controlled trial to evaluate early discharge scheme for patients with stroke

Abstract Objective: To assess the clinical effectiveness of an early discharge policy for patients with stroke by using a community based rehabilitation team. Design: Randomised controlled trial to compare conventional care with an early discharge policy. Setting: Two teaching hospitals in inner London. Subjects: 331 medically stable patients with stroke (mean age 71) who lived alone and were able to transfer independently or who lived with a resident carer and were able to transfer with help. Interventions: 167 patients received specialist community rehabilitation for up to 3 months after randomisation. 164 patients continued with conventional hospital and community care. Main outcome measures: Barthel score at 12 months. Secondary outcomes measured impairment with motoricity index, minimental state examination, and Frenchay aphasia screening test; disability with the Rivermead activity of daily living scales, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and 5 m walk; handicap with the Nottingham health profile; carer stress with caregiver strain index and patient and carer satisfaction. The main process measure was length of stay after randomisation. Results: One year after randomisation no significant differences in clinical outcomes were found apart from increased satisfaction with hospital care in the community therapy group. Length of stay after randomisation in the community therapy group was significantly reduced (12 v 18 days; P<0.0001). Patients with impairments were more likely to receive treatment in the community therapy group. Conclusions: Early discharge with specialist community rehabilitation after stroke is feasible, as clinically effective as conventional care, and acceptable to patients. Considerable reductions in use of hospital beds are achievable. Key messages Early discharge from hospital after stroke with specialist rehabilitation at home is feasible without an increase in readmission rates or stress to carers This randomised controlled trial shows this method to be as effective as conventional care when assessed with a range of measures of impairment, disability, handicap, carer stress, and patient and carer satisfaction at 1 year Significant reductions in bed usage can be achieved by the provision of a community rehabilitation team with no significant increase in rehabilitation services
Detection of a Meal Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring

OBJECTIVE—The purpose of this study was to introduce a novel meal detection algorithm (MDA) to be used as part of an artificial β-cell that uses a continuous glucose monitor (CGM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We developed our MDA on a dataset of 26 meal events using records from 19 children aged 1–6 years who used the MiniMed CGMS Gold. We then applied this algorithm to CGM records from a DirecNet pilot study of the FreeStyle Navigator continuous glucose sensor. During a research center admission, breakfast insulin was withheld for 1 h, and discrete glucose levels were obtained every 10 min after the meal. RESULTS—Based on the Navigator readings, the MDA detected a meal at a mean time of 30 min from the onset of eating, at which time the mean serum glucose was 21 mg/dl above baseline (range 2–36 mg/dl), and >90% of meals were detected before the glucose had risen 40 mg/dl from baseline. CONCLUSIONS—The MDA will enable automated insulin dosing in response to meals, facilitating the development of an artificial pancreas.
Hepatitis C virus infection and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Interesting association or causal relationship?

Numerous population-based studies have demonstrated an associ- ation between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), 1,2 pointing to the possibility that HCV plays a role in the development of this malignancy. The Scandinavia Lymphoma Etiology (SCALE) study, reported in this issue of the Inter- national Journal of Cancer , adds to the accumulating body of epidemiological evidence supporting this association. The large sample size (2,819 NHL cases and 1,856 controls), comprehensive popula-tion-based recruitment strategy, rapid case ascertainment, and detailed classiﬁcation of NHL subtypes make SCALE one of the most comprehensive case–control studies to date. One limitation of the SCALE study was the very low prevalence of HCV infection (0.4% of controls, even when the investigators included individuals with intermediate serologic evidence for infection), which limited the power and precision of some statistical analyses. HCV seroposi- tivity was associated, although not signiﬁcantly, with overall NHL risk (OR 2.2, 95% CI 0.9–5.3), and was signiﬁcantly associated with risk of B-cell lymphomas (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0–5.8), speciﬁ-cally lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (OR 5.2, 95% CI 1.0–26.4). The ﬁndings of the SCALE study are consistent with the prior liter-ature, which now includes multiple case–control studies and several cohort studies, most of which ﬁnd a positive association between HCV infection and NHL. 1,2 Given the repeated demonstration of an association, the ques- tion arises whether HCV infection is actually a cause of NHL.
Crystal Structure of Norwalk Virus Polymerase Reveals the Carboxyl Terminus in the Active Site Cleft*

Norwalk virus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis for which effective treatments are sorely lacking. To provide a basis for the rational design of novel antiviral agents, the main replication enzyme in Norwalk virus, the virally encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), has been expressed in an enzymatically active form, and its structure has been crystallographically determined both in the presence and absence of divalent metal cations. Although the overall fold of the enzyme is similar to that seen previously in the RdRP from rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, the carboxyl terminus, surprisingly, is located in the active site cleft in five independent copies of the protein in three distinct crystal forms. The location of this carboxyl-terminal segment appears to interfere with the binding of double-stranded RNA in the active site cleft and may play a role in the initiation of RNA synthesis or mediate interactions with accessory replication proteins.
GPS-Based Tracking Control for a Car-Like Wheeled Mobile Robot With Skidding and Slipping

Many wheeled mobile robot (WMR) controllers are developed based on nonskidding and nonslipping assumptions; however, these assumptions are usually violated due to wheel tire deformation. As a result, the performance of these controllers is not guaranteed. This paper presents a GPS-based tracking controller for a car-like WMR in the presence of wheel skidding and slipping. The controller exploits real-time kinematic (RTK)-GPS and other aiding sensors to measure the WMR's posture, velocities, and perturbations due to wheel skidding and slipping for control compensation. The reported experimental results validate the control scheme.