Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRENDS IN WEB DESIGN

In this paper we describe a preliminary, in-progress, research of fashion\trends in HCI. First, we present the motivation for this research, as this topic has not been methodically researched despite the accelerating pace and growing influence of fashion\trends in modern life. In order to provide appropriate theoretical background, we define and explain the fashion and trend phenomena using resources from multiple research disciplines such as trend, fashion, design research, sociology, psychology and economics. We have chosen to focus this research on web design trends; therefore we illustrate our approach with web design examples. We conclude with an outline of our research project, its goals and methods, and finally the potential implications and opportunities for future research.
Conditions controlling the proliferation of haemopoietic stem cells in vitro

A liquid culture system is described whereby proliferation of haemopoietic stem cells (CFU‐S), production of granulocyte precursor cells (CFU‐C), and extensive granulopoiesis can be maintained in vitro for several months. Such cultures consist of adherent and non‐adherent populations of cells. The adherent population contains phagocytic mononuclear cells, “epithelial” cells, and “giant fat” cells. The latter appear to be particularly important for stem cell maintenance and furthermore there is a strong tendency for maturing granulocytes to selectively cluster in and around areas of “giant fat” cell aggregations. By “feeding” the cultures at weekly intervals, between 10 to 15 “population doublings” of functionally normal CFU‐S regularly occurs. Increased “population doublings” may be obtained by feeding twice weekly. The cultures show initially extensive granulopoiesis followed, in a majority of cases, by an accumulation of blast cells. Eventually both blast cells and granulocytes decline and the cultures contain predominantly phagocytic mononuclear cells.
Recognition of Handwritten MODI Numerals using Hu and Zernike features

Handwritten automatic character recognition has attracted many researchers all over the world to contribute automatic character recognition domain. Shape identification and feature extraction is very important part of any character recognition system and success of method is highly dependent on selection of features. However feature extraction is the most important step in defining the shape of the character as precisely and as uniquely as possible. This is indeed the most important step and complex task as well and achieved success by using invariance property, irrespective of position and orientation. Zernike moments describes shape, identify rotation invariant due to its Orthogonality property. MODI is an ancient script of India had cursive and complex representation of characters. The work described in this paper presents efficiency of Zernike moments over Hus moment for automatic recognition of handwritten MODI numerals.
Design and implementation of a high-voltage power supply for industrial In-mold labeling applications

This paper designs and implements a high-voltage DC power supply with wide-range output voltage up to 30kV. There are two stages for the power conversion. The pre-stage circuit is a transition-mode (TM) power factor correction (PFC) converter for improving input power factor and providing a regulated 380V DC output. The post-stage is a DC/DC converter, to use a buck-type current-fed push-pull as its configuration; the secondary is a multiple-voltage circuit, for producing 5-30kV high voltage output. A control interface is also designed to communicate with remote control unit via controller area network (CAN) bus communication protocols. Operating principles and design considerations of the studied high-voltage power supply are discussed and analyzed. Finally, a 150W laboratory prototype was implemented and tested to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Visualization and knowledge discovery for high dimensional data

The goal of the article is to present a multidimensional visualization methodology and its applications to visual and automatic knowledge discovery. Visualization provides insight through images and can be considered as a collection of application specific mappings: ProblemDomain/spl rarr/VisuaLRange. For the visualization of multivariate problems, a multidimensional system of parallel coordinates (/spl par/-coords) is constructed which induces a one-to-one mapping between subsets of N-space and subsets of 2-space. The result is a rigorous methodology for doing and seeing N-dimensional geometry. We start with an overview of the mathematical foundations where it is seen that from the display of high-dimensional datasets, the search for multivariate relations among the variables is transformed into a 2D pattern recognition problem. This is the basis for the application to visual knowledge discovery which is illustrated in the second part with a real dataset of VLSI production. Then a recent geometric classifier is presented and applied to 3 real datasets. The results compared to those of 23 other classifiers have the least error. The algorithm has quadratic computational complexity in the size and number of parameters, provides comprehensible and explicit rules, does dimensionality selection, and orders these variables so as to optimize the clarity of separation between the designated set and its complement. Finally a simple visual economic model of a real country is constructed and analyzed in order to illustrate the special strength of /spl par/-coords in modeling multivariate relations by means of hypersurfaces.
Impact of RGD Peptide Tethering to IL24/mda-7 (Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-7) on Apoptosis Induction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

BACKGROUND Melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (MDA-7)/interleukin-24 (IL-24), a unique tumor suppressor gene, has killing activity in a broad spectrum of cancer cells. Herein, plasmids producing mda-7 proteins fused to different RGD peptides (full RGD4C and shortened RGD, tRGD) were evaluated for apoptosis induction with a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, Hep-G2. The study aim was to improve the apoptosis potency of mda-7 by tethering to RGD peptides. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three plasmids including mda-7, mda-7-RGD and mda-7-tRGD genes beside a control vector were transfected into Hep-G2 cells. After 72 hours incubation, cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. In addition, the rate of apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry using PI/annexin staining. To detect early events in apoptosis, 18 hours after transfection, expression of the BAX gene was quantified by real time PCR. Modeling of proteins was also performed to extrapolate possible consequences of RGD modification on their structures and subsequent attachment to receptors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In MTT assays, while all mda-7 forms showed measurable inhibition of proliferation, unmodified mda-7 protein exhibited most significant effect compared to control plasmid (P<0.001). Again, flow cytometry analysis showed a significant apoptosis induction by simple mda-7 gene but not for those RGD-fused mda-7 proteins. These findings were also supported by expression analysis of BAX gene (P<0.001). Protein modelling analysis revealed that tethering RGD at the end of IL-24/Mda7 disrupt attachment to cognate receptor, IL-20R1/ IL-20R2. In conclusion, fusion of RGD4C and shortened RGD peptides to carboxyl terminal of mda7, not only reduce apoptosis property in vitro but also disrupt receptor attachment as demonstrated by protein modelling.
Large Animal Models for Batten Disease

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, collectively referred to as Batten disease, make up a group of inherited childhood disorders that result in blindness, motor and cognitive regression, brain atrophy, and seizures, ultimately leading to premature death. So far more than 10 genes have been implicated in different forms of the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Most related research has involved mouse models, but several naturally occurring large animal models have recently been discovered. In this review, we discuss the different large animal models and their significance in Batten disease research.
Identification of Beijing Lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Combined Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit Loci 26, 31, and ETR-A

ABSTRACT A rapid method for identification of Beijing lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still needed in regions of tuberculosis endemicity, especially if genotyping methods are not readily accessible. After analyzing 1,557 clinical isolates, a PCR method with combined mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit loci 26, 31, and ETR-A for differentiation of Beijing lineage isolates was established, the sensitivity and specificity of which are 94.7% and 98.5%, respectively.
Characterization and modulation of fibroblast/endothelial cell co‐cultures for the in vitro preformation of three‐dimensional tubular networks

Various assays of different complexity are used in research on angiogenesis in health and disease. The results of these assays increasingly impact the field of tissue engineering because preformed microvascular networks may connect and conduct to the vascular system of the host, thereby helping us to support the survival of implanted cells and tissue constructs. An interesting model that supports the formation of EC (endothelial cells) tubular structures in vitro is based on co‐culturing them with fibroblasts. Our initial multilayer approach was recently transferred into a three‐dimensional spheroid model using HUVEC (human umbilical vein endothelial cells) as model cells. The aim of the present study is to further characterize, extend and validate this fibroblast/EC spheroid co‐culture system. We have evaluated the model with a maximum size of 600–650 μm attained on day 3 from inoculation of 4 × 104 fibroblasts with 1 × 104 EC. Cell count and spheroid diameter significantly decreased as a function of time, but the EC network that developed over a period of 14 days in culture was clearly visible and viable, and central cell death was excluded. We successfully included HMVEC (human microvascular endothelial cells) of dermal origin in the system and replaced FBS (fetal bovine serum) with human AB serum, which positively impacted the EC network formation at optimized concentrations. The need for exogenous growth factors [VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), EGF (epithelial growth factor), bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) and IGF‐1 (insulin‐like growth factor‐1)] routinely added to classical EC media was also assessed. The behaviour of both fibroblasts and EC in response to a combination of these exogenous growth factors differed critically in fibroblast/EC spheroid co‐cultures compared with the same cells in the multilayer approach. VEGF was the most relevant exogenous factor for EC network formation in fibroblast/EC multilayers, but was ineffective in the spheroid system. IGF‐1 was found, in general, to be dispensable; however, while it had a negative impact on EC networking in the presence of bFGF and EGF in the multilayer, it did not in the spheroid approach. We conclude that the critical determinants of EC network formation and cell survival are not universal, but have to be specifically optimized for each culture model.
Gel‐free mass spectrometry‐based high throughput proteomics: Tools for studying biological response of proteins and proteomes

Revolutionary advances in biological mass spectrometry (MS) have provided a basic tool to make possible comprehensive proteomic analysis. Traditionally, two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis has been used as a separation method coupled with MS to facilitate analysis of complex protein mixtures. Despite the utility of this method, the many challenges of comprehensive proteomic analysis has motivated the development of gel‐free MS‐based strategies to obtain information not accessible using two‐dimensional gel separations. These advanced strategies have enabled researchers to dig deeper into complex proteomes, gaining insights into the composition, quantitative response, covalent modifications and macromolecular interactions of proteins that collectively drive cellular function. This review describes the current state of gel‐free, high throughput proteomic strategies using MS, including (i) the separation approaches commonly used for complex mixture analysis; (ii) strategies for large‐scale quantitative analysis; (iii) analysis of post‐translational modifications; and (iv) recent advances and future directions. The use of these strategies to make new discoveries at the proteome level into the effects of disease or other cellular perturbations is discussed in a variety of contexts, providing information on the potential of these tools in electromagnetic field research.
Optimum scaling of stages in a frequency divider chain for best jitter FoM

This paper presents a method to determine the scaling factor for different stages in a divider chain(ripple counter) to get the best jitter FoM(minimum jitter times power) with a given divider configuration. An analytic expression for the FoM normalized to the first stage of the divider chain is derived and then optmized to get the best jitter FoM. The analysis shows that scaling down the divider stages in proportion to their input frequency results in a very high jitter and a very poor jitter FoM. For a cascade of divide-by-M stages, each stage should be scaled up by √M compared to the previous stage. Circuit simulation results confirming the analysis are given. When optimally sized, the FoM of a cascade of 8 divide-by-two stages is 14.7 dB better than scaling down the stages successively by a factor of two in order to lower the power dissipation in the low frequency stages. Compared to using 8 identical divide-by-two stages, optimal scaling has a 1.9 dB better FoM.
Topology Control Using Multi-Dimensional Context Parameters for Mobile P2P Networks

Enhancements of transmission speed and mobile node capability in wireless access networks enable people to watch movies and share large files with friends via their personal mobile devices. Considering the increased demand for such services in the next five to ten years, we will need to introduce P2P architectures to mobile networks to handle the large number of requests from mobile nodes. However, in mobile P2P networks, since negative effects caused by instable links and high leave rates are propagated to down-stream nodes, it is difficult to ensure service quality and long service lifetime. To solve this problem, we describe a novel node-allocation framework using multi-dimensional context parameters of mobile nodes, which includes available bandwidth, disconnection rate, and remaining battery capacity. Taking into account the significance of each parameter, our framework integrates the context parameters into a single parameter called Relay Ability. Each node is allocated to the P2P topology in accordance with its relay ability. To test our method, we applied our architecture to overlay multicast and several of results from comparative evaluations through computer simulation.
RanGTP-Binding Protein NXT1 Facilitates Nuclear Export of Different Classes of RNA In Vitro

ABSTRACT To better characterize the mechanisms responsible for RNA export from the nucleus, we developed an in vitro assay based on the use of permeabilized HeLa cells. This new assay supports nuclear export of U1 snRNA, tRNA, and mRNA in an energy- and Xenopusextract-dependent manner. U1 snRNA export requires a 5′ monomethylated cap structure, the nuclear export signal receptor CRM1, and the small GTPase Ran. In contrast, mRNA export does not require the participation of CRM1. We show here that NXT1, an NTF2-related protein that binds directly to RanGTP, strongly stimulates export of U1 snRNA, tRNA, and mRNA. The ability of NXT1 to promote export is dependent on its capacity to bind RanGTP. These results support the emerging view that NXT1 is a general export factor, functioning on both CRM1-dependent and CRM1-independent pathways of RNA export.
Multispectral land-use/land-cover model portability in multi-temporal multi-angle very high resolution imagery

Multi-temporal multi-angle data provides multiple images, collected over both time and satellite view-angle, of a single target area. In the presented research, these data are used to explore the fundamental physical distortions present in very-high spatial resolution optical data as applied to land-use/land-cover classification. This is done by creating a land-use/land-cover model in one image of the multi-temporal multi-angle data and directly applying it to the remaining images. This direct measure of model portability provides unique insight into the dependence of very-high spatial resolution land-use/land-cover classification on the atmosphere, solar illumination, and model training location.
The effect of oral contraceptives on cortisol metabolism

The administration of oral contraceptives which contain oestrogen increases non-protein-bound plasma cortisol levels at 9 am as well as protein-bound and total cortisol levels. These increases are dependent on the dose of oestrogen; they are not usually seen with progestogen-only or `low-dose' oestrogen (0·05 mg mestranol or less) preparations. `Standard' oral contraceptives (0·1 mg mestranol or equivalent) produce some elevation of unbound cortisol levels at 9 am (from a normal mean of 0·66 μg/100 ml to 1·02 on the `pill') but this elevation is less than that associated with high-dose oestrogen treatment of, for example, prostate cancer (mean 1·8 μg/100 ml). Since unbound cortisol levels in plasma are controlled by a hypothalamic feedback mechanism, it appears that oral contraceptives have some effect on this mechanism. Possible long-term effects of oral contraceptives on hypothalamopituitary function require examination. However, the plasma unbound cortisol to which the tissues are exposed at 9 am does not measure the overall exposure of tissues to cortisol throughout the 24 hours. Neither does measurement of cortisol production rate or urinary metabolite excretion accurately reflect the exposure of tissues to cortisol during oestrogen treatment, because of the complex effects of oestrogen on hepatic metabolism of steroids, steroid-protein binding, and the increased size of the extracellular cortisol pool. The overall exposure of tissues to unbound cortisol is measured better by urinary free cortisol excretion. Urinary free cortisol excretion is a measure of the integrated area under the diurnal curve of plasma unbound cortisol, ie, of the 24-hour exposure of tissues to unbound cortisol. Urinary free cortisol excretion is normal in women taking low-dose oestrogen or progestogen-only contraceptives, and is only trivially increased by the standard `pill'. Thus increased exposure of tissues to unbound cortisol is likely to be only a minor factor in the metabolic responses to oral contraceptives. In contrast, urinary free cortisol excretion (mean normal 38 μg/24 hours) is increased by high-dose oestrogen administration for prostatic cancer (mean 110 μg/24 hours); this is because the diurnal rhythm of unbound cortisol is impaired. It is thus unwise to ascribe effects of oral contraceptives to increased exposure of tissues to cortisol, except in the liver where it is possible that the increased concentration of protein-bound cortisol they cause may exert metabolic effects. The preparations which cause least change in cortisol metabolism are the low-dose oestrogen or progestogen-only contraceptives.
Dopamine Receptor Agonists Mediate Neuroprotection in Malonate-Induced Striatal Lesion in the Rat

Mitochondrial bioenergetic defects are involved in neurological disorders associated with neuronal damage in the striatum, such as Huntington's disease and cerebral ischemia. The striatal release of neurotransmitters, in particular dopamine, may contribute to the development of the neuronal damage. Recent studies have shown that dopamine agonists may exert neuroprotective effects via multiple mechanisms, including modulation of dopamine release from nigrostriatal dopaminergic terminals. In rats, intrastriatal injection of malonate, a reversible inhibitor of the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, induces a lesion similar to that observed following focal ischemia or in Huntington's disease. In this study, we used the malonate model to explore the neuroprotective potential of dopamine agonists. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected systemically with increasing concentrations of D(1), D(2), or mixed D(1)/D(2) dopamine agonists prior to malonate intrastriatal insult. Administration of increasing doses of the D(2)-specific agonist quinpirole resulted in increased protection against malonate toxicity. Conversely, the D(1)-specific agonist SKF-38393, as well as the mixed D(1)/D(2) agonist apomorphine, conferred higher neuroprotection at lower than at higher concentrations. Our data suggest that malonate-induced striatal toxicity can be attenuated by systemic administration of dopamine agonists, with D(1) and D(2) agonists showing different profiles of efficacy.
Effect of Kala-Prakarsha (curing) on Semecarpus anacardium Linn. fruits

Introduction: Ayurveda advocates certain procedures like Kala-Prakarsha (curing) for certain drugs before their administration. Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium Linn.) is one such drug, which is to be processed through curing procedure. Although this is an important procedure, preliminary pharmacognostical differences before and after curing procedure of Bhallataka fruits is not available. Objectives: Considering this, it is planned to evaluate preliminary pharmacognostical and physicochemical changes that take place in Bhallataka fruit before and after curing. Materials and Methods: Fresh Bhallataka fruits were collected and grouped into two. The first batch was analyzed in fresh state, while the second batch was processed for curing. Results: The result showed a reduction in oil globules, decreased the number of papillae and shrunken lysigenous cavities in cured Bhallataka as compared to fresh one. Physicochemical parameters showed that ash value of fresh Bhallataka is 2.57% w/w as compared to cured one, i.e., 3.055% w/w. Conclusion: It can be claimed that curing brings certain changes in the raw material like that of Bhallataka.
Using statistics in text-to-speech system construction

The nitro group of an alpha -nitroanthraquinone is replaced by chlorine by reaction with an ionic chloride in a solvent in the presence of an acid or of a compound which eliminates an acid. The ionic chloride may be an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium chloride. A molten tertiary amine hydrochloride can function as the ionic chloride, the acid and the solvent. The process permits one or more nitro groups of a poly- alpha -nitroanthraquinone to be selectively replaced.