Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rock: a framework for pruning the design space of hybrid main memory systems

Combining DRAM and a denser but slower technology into hybrid main memory is a promising way to address the demand for larger and still fast memory, driven by the growing working sets of contemporary workloads. The design space of such hybrid memory systems is multi-dimensional and large. Since simulating and/or prototyping each design point implies high computation and/or implementation efforts, these approaches alone are inefficient for finding the design point with the highest performance. This paper introduces Rock, a generalized framework for pruning the design space of hybrid memory systems. It is the first framework to mutually consider such important design dimensions as resource partitioning (the amount of each memory technology), resource allocation (distribution of the available memory capacity among co-running programs), and data placement (decisions about data promotions and demotions). Rock helps system architects to quickly infer trends, specific to the design space, and to validate them via sensitivity analysis. Trends that pass validation can be used for design-space pruning. Rock thus helps system architects to timely identify the most promising design points. This paper demonstrates the power of Rock by applying it to two design spaces formed by two carefully chosen example workloads and a system employing DRAM, phase-change memory, and solid-state disk. Rock prunes these design spaces to just a few design points.
RESPONSE CATEGORIES AND POTENTIAL CULTURAL BIAS: EFFECTS OF AN EXPLICIT MIDDLE POINT IN CROSS‐CULTURAL SURVEYS

The present study investigated whether questionnaires using explicit midpoints produce different results for different cultural groups. We hypothesized that managers from China, Japan, and Hong Kong (CJH) respond differently to Western management scales than do managers from the US. , Germany, and United Kingdom (UGU). We found differences in central tendency (the likelihood of choosing the midpoint in overall variance between these groups). Using scales with even numbered response categories (thus removing the explicit midpoint) decreases the central tendencies of the CJH group and increases the variance in the responses to Western management questionnaire. Results suggested that when survey questionnaires are used in CJH cultures, careful consideration should be given to the choice between scales with even‐numbered response categories and those with odd‐numbered response categories.
High-rate STBC-MTCM schemes for quasi-static and block-fading channels

For the case of a quasi-static fading channel, high rate space-time trellis codes have already been constructed by concatenating multiple trellis coded modulation (MTCM) and space-time block codes (STBC), called the STBC-MTCM scheme. The focus in all these constructions was to increase the rate of transmission by using more than one orthogonal design while retaining the diversity advantage, and little attention was paid to increasing the coding gain advantage. We present a systematic approach by which STTCs can be constructed by the STBC-MTCM scheme, which achieve high rate, full diversity and increased coding gain advantage over the existing codes under certain conditions. Also we a present a systematic approach, to construct STTCs by STBC-MTCM codes which can achieve any given diversity for the case of block-fading channel. The codes constructed for block-fading channels trade-off the rate of transmission and the number of states of the trellis.
Neuro fuzzy Link based Classifier for the Analysis of Behavior Models in Social Networks

In this study, a new link based classifier using ne uro fuzzy logic has been proposed for analyzing the social behavior based on Weblog dataset. In this system, d ata are processed using a multistage structure. Thi s system provides a diagnosis using a neuro fuzzy lin k based classifier that analyses the user’s behavio r to specific diagnostic categories based on their clust er category in social networks. It uses random walk s method to organize the labels. Since the links pres ent in the social network graph frequently represen t relationships among the users with respect to socia l contacts and behaviours, this work observes the l inks of the graph in order to identify the relationships re presented in the graph between the users of the soc ial network based on some new social network metrics and the past behaviour of the users. This work is use ful to provide connection between consolidated features of users based on network data and also using the traditional metrics used in the analysis of social network users. From the experiments conducted in this research work, it is observed that the proposed wor k provides better classification accuracy due to th e application of neuro fuzzy classification method in link analysis.
Interpersonal and Emotional Problem Solving Skills and Parasuicide among Women with Borderline Personality Disorder

This study examined the predictive relationship between interpersonal and emotional problem solving skills and parasuicide in a sample of 33 chronically parasuicidal outpatient women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder. Subjects were assessed initially and at 4-month intervals for 1 year using a revised version of the Means-End Problem Solving Procedure (MEPS) and the Parasuicide History Interview. Inappropriate problem solving measured at the 4- and 8-month assessment points was a significant predictor of subsequent parasuicide. Both suicidal and nonsuicidal inappropriate responses predicted parasuicidal behavior. Active, passive, and self-soothing problem-solving strategies failed to predict. Results suggest the usefulness of differentiating interpersonal from emotional problem-solving and provide predictive validity for the modified MEPS Procedure. It appears that patient progress may be monitored by tracking MEPS problem-solving scores, and that treatment may benefit from directly tar.
Implementing formative assessment in primary physical education: teacher perspectives and experiences

Background: Incorporating assessment as a regular practice can enhance teaching and learning in primary physical education. However, there is little evidence to suggest primary teachers use assessment strategies regularly in their physical education classes. Purpose: To explore the impact of incorporating assessment into primary teachers’ physical education practices on (a) their perspectives on assessment and (b) teaching and learning in primary physical education. Methodology: Primary teachers in Limerick (n = 2) and Dublin (n = 3) participated in initial focus group interviews exploring practices and understandings of assessment in physical education. Each teacher then planned and delivered a series of lessons where assessment was considered in relation to the learning intentions. Their experiences were captured using reflective journals (Limerick) and a mid-point focus group interview (Dublin). Both groups of teachers participated in a third focus group interview after lessons were completed. Qualitative analysis by both researchers involved individual coding of the data using the constant comparison method followed by conversations on alignment of findings. Trustworthiness of the data was addressed using peer debriefing techniques. Findings: The inclusion of assessment in physical education lessons provided structure and focus to the planning, teaching and learning processes and impacted positively on both teacher learning and the children's learning. The assessment strategies focused the learners, allowed for feedback related to assessment criteria and informed future planning. Challenges for the teachers included the amount of time needed to plan, difficulty in accessing sample assessments and differentiating assessments for different class levels and abilities. Conclusion: The use of assessment strategies enhanced the quality of teaching and learning in physical education and impacted positively on the teachers’ and learners’ perceptions of physical education. The importance of supporting teachers, through provision of information on assessment strategies and samples of assessment strategies aligned with content in physical education to enhance their everyday practice, is highlighted.
Efficient Encrypted Data Comparison Through a Hybrid Method

With the development of smart city, user data are all transformed in encrypted form to protect user privacy. Secure comparison in encrypted form is the fundamental operation of many secure encrypted data analysis tasks, such as secure k-NN query and classification, Bayesian classification. Thus, it is important to achieve an efficient secure encrypted data comparison scheme. Recently, some methods have been put forward to support secure comparison over encrypted data. Nevertheless, the existing solutions are still inefficient in practical. In this paper, we propose a novel encrypted data comparison protocol based on a hybrid approach of Paillier cryptosystem and garbled circuits. Our scheme reveals nothing about encrypted data and comparison result, and is provably secure under semi-honest model. Additionally, our proposed protocol can achieve higher efficiency, compared with the state-of-the-art scheme. Finally, we indicate the security and efficiency of our scheme by theoretical analysis and experiment evaluations.
Making More of Faculty Culture: An Experiment in Building Intellectual Community

With the increase in academic specialty,scholars and leaders have sought new ways tostrengthen intellectual community. Their strategiesinclude experimenting with organisational structuresto bring about desired change. This qualitative casestudy examines the influences of such a structure. The Luce Seminars was a programme designed to supportsustained faculty conversation across disciplines atEmory University, a research university located in theUnited States. The analysis found that key functional and symbolic aspects of the program contributed to intenseparticipant involvement, resulting in broadened anddeepened intellectual discourse, enhanced disciplinaryorientation, and expanded possibilities for teachingand research. The authors conclude that structuredfaculty conversation across disciplines strengtheneddimensions of faculty culture related to interactionand scholarship at the university and suggest somebroad areas for future research.
Design of a gigabit ATM switch

This paper describes the design and implementation of a gigabit ATM switching system supporting link rates from 150 Mb/s to 2.4 Gb/s, with a uniquely efficient multicast switch architecture that enables the construction of systems with essentially constant per port costs for configurations ranging from 8 to 4096 ports and system capacities approaching 10 Tb/s. The system design supports many-to-one and many-to-many forms of multicast, in addition to the usual one-to-many. It also provides multicast virtual paths, constant time configuration of multicast connections and an efficient packet-level discard method, that can achieve 100% link efficiencies, without large buffers.
RAG1 targeting in the genome is dominated by chromatin interactions mediated by the non-core regions of RAG1 and RAG2

The RAG1/RAG2 endonuclease initiates V(D)J recombination at antigen receptor loci but also binds to thousands of places outside of these loci. RAG2 localizes directly to lysine 4 trimethylated histone 3 (H3K4me3) through a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger. The relative contribution of RAG2-dependent and RAG1-intrinsic mechanisms in determining RAG1 binding patterns is not known. Through analysis of deep RAG1 ChIP-seq data, we provide a quantitative description of the forces underlying genome-wide targeting of RAG1. Surprisingly, sequence-specific DNA binding contributes minimally to RAG1 targeting outside of antigen receptor loci. Instead, RAG1 binding is driven by two distinct modes of interaction with chromatin: the first is driven by H3K4me3, promoter-focused and dependent on the RAG2 PHD, and the second is defined by H3K27Ac, enhancer-focused and dependent on ‘non-core’ portions of RAG1. Based on this and additional chromatin and genomic features, we formulated a predictive model of RAG1 targeting to the genome. RAG1 binding sites predicted by our model correlate well with observed patterns of RAG1-mediated breaks in human pro-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Overall, this study provides an integrative model for RAG1 genome-wide binding and off-target activity and reveals a novel role for the RAG1 non-core region in RAG1 targeting.
SpeeD's DNN approach to Romanian speech recognition

This paper presents the main improvements brought recently to the large-vocabulary, continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system for Romanian language developed by the Speech and Dialogue (SpeeD) research laboratory. While the most important improvement consists in the use of DNN-based acoustic models, instead of the classic HMM-GMM approach, several other aspects are discussed in the paper: a significant increase of the speech training corpus, the use of additional algorithms for feature processing, speaker adaptive training, and discriminative training and, finally, the use of lattice rescoring with significantly expanded language models (n-gram models up to order 5, based on vocabularies of up to 200k words). The ASR experiments were performed with several types of acoustic and language models in different configurations on the standard read and conversational speech corpora created by SpeeD in 2014. The results show that the extension of the training speech corpus leads to a relative word error rate (WER) improvement between 15% and 17%, while the use of DNN-based acoustic models instead of HMM-GMM-based acoustic models leads to a relative WER improvement between 18% and 23%, depending on the nature of the evaluation speech corpus (read or conversational, clean or noisy). The best configuration of the LVCSR system was integrated as a live transcription web application available online on SpeeD laboratory's website at https://speed.pub. ro/live-transcriber-2017.
Meanders, Ramsey theory and lower bounds for branching programs

A novel technique for obtaining lower bounds for the time versus space complexity of certain functions in a general input oblivious sequential model of computation is developed. This is demonstrated by studying the intrinsic complexity of the following set equality problem SE(n,m): Given a sequence x1,x2,. ,xn, y1,. ,yn of 2n numbers of m bits each, decide whether the sets [x1,. ,xn] and [y1,. ,yn] coincide. We show that for any log log n ≤ m ≤1/2log n and any 1 ≤ s ≤ log n, any input oblivious sequential computation that solves SE(n,m) using 2m/s space, takes Ω(n ? s) time. This result is sharp for all admissible values of n,m,s and is the first known nontrivial time space tradeoff lower bound (for space = ω (log n) of a set recognition problem on such a general model of computation. Our method also supplies lower bounds on the length of arbitrary (not necessarily input oblivious) branching programs for several natural symmetric functions, improving results of Chandra, Furst and Lipton, of Pudlák and of Ajtai et. al. For example we show that for the majority - function any branching program of width w(n) has length ω(n ? log n/w (n) ? log w (n)), in particular for bounded width we get length ω (n log n) (independently of our work Babai et. al. [BPRS] have simultaneously proved this last result). Our lower bounds for branching programs imply lower bounds on the number of steps that are needed to pebble arbitrary computation graphs for the same computational problems. To establish our lower bounds we introduce the new concept of a meander that captures superconcentrator-type properties of sequences. We prove lower bounds on the length of meanders via a new Ramsey theoretic lemma that is of interest in its own right. This lemma has other applications, including a tight lower bound on the size of weak superconcentrators of depth 2 that strengthens the known lower bound of Pippenger [Pi]. A surprising new feature of these applications of Ramsey theory in lower bound arguments is the fact that no numbers are required to be unusually large and that several of the resulting superlinear lower bounds are in fact optimal.
The nested hierarchy of consciousness: A neurobiological solution to the problem of mental unity

Abstract In spite of a resurgence in interest regarding the nature of consciousness, some puzzling aspects of the relationship between the mind and the brain remain unexplained. One particularly mysterious feature of consciousness is known in philosophy as the ‘grain problem’: how does the divisible and heterogeneous brain produce the subjectively unified and seamless mind? Some models of the brain-mind relationship, such as the one offered by Sperry, assume that the brain functions hierarchically like a pyramid, with consciousness mysteriously ‘emerging’ unified at the summit of the hierarchy. This model fails to account for the manner in which both lower and higher hierarchical levels of the brain contribute to consciousness. In this paper, I propose an alternative model of the brain-mind relationship in which the brain functions, like all living things, as a nested hierarchy. While the specific neurophysiological mechanisms behind cerebral integration require further elucidation, the difficult philosophical problem of the difference between the grain of the brain and the mind has a neurobiological explanation.
Informational benefits via knowledge networks among farmers

Purpose – This research aimed to obtain insights into how farmers on small and medium‐sized farms perceived the benefits of the information they receive from their interpersonal networks and other sources.Design/methodology/approach – Farmers' information environments were explored using socio‐spatial knowledge networks, diaries and in‐depth interviews (to draw out participants' interpretations of significance). This enabled the perceived benefits of information to be interpreted within the context of participants' interpersonal networks.Findings – Both on and off‐farm information sources were important. The benefit most valued was when farmers perceived they were enabled to challenge or reframe their thinking about professional and business issues.Practical implications – The study of information benefits is still relatively new, but a fuller appreciation of how learners perceive benefits from incoming information may provide insights into how to present information in ways that foster useful outcomes. P.
Home Bittersweet Home: the Significance of Home for Occupational Transformations

Background: The study illuminated how persons with psychiatric disabilities experienced the processes of change in a residential context. Material: Qualitative interviews with residents living in supported housing were conducted and analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Discussion: Residential conditions appear to provide a complex structure that facilitates rehabilitative interactions, in which ‘progressive tensions’ arise between opposing values, such as authentic versus artificial, and independence versus dependence, both of which are important in the process of change. Conclusions: A client-centred approach could be taken further if clients are engaged in productive discussions about challenging these ‘progressive tensions’. Awareness of the meaning of home also emerged as central.
Religiosity, health, and psychopathology in two cultures: Kuwait and USA

To explore the associations between religiosity, health, and psychopathology, samples of 460 Kuwaiti and 274 American college students were recruited. Religiosity, pessimism, anxiety, obsession-compulsion, death obsession, and ego-grasping were significantly higher among the Kuwaitis than among their American counterparts. On the other hand, self-ratings of mental health and optimism were significantly higher among the Americans than their Kuwaiti counterparts. Religiosity was significantly and positively associated with ratings of physical health, mental health, and optimism (both countries), and negatively with pessimism, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and ego-grasping (Kuwaitis), and pessimism and suicidal ideation (Americans). A factor analysis of the correlational matrix yielded in both countries two independent factors labeled “Normality vs. psychopathology”, and “Religiosity, health, and optimism”. Backward multiple regressions revealed that the main predictors of religiosity were mental health, optimism and physical health positively, and obsession-compulsion and ego-grasping negatively in Kuwaitis; and optimism positively and anxiety, and suicidal ideation negatively in Americans. By and large, those who consider themselves as religious were more healthy and optimistic, and obtained lower scores on psychopathology in both countries.
Effects of chronic exposure to clothianidin on the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris

Although neonicotinoids are targeted at insects, their predominant use as a seed dressing and their long persistence in soils mean that non-target soil organisms such as earthworms are likely to be chronically exposed to them. Chronic exposure may pose risks that are not evaluated in most toxicity tests. We experimentally tested the effect of field-realistic concentrations of a commonly used neonicotinoid, clothianidin, on mortality, weight gain, and food consumption to assess the impacts of chronic exposure over four months on fitness of L. terrestris individuals. We undertook three separate experiments, each with different exposure routes: treated soil only (experiment A), treated food and soil combined (experiment B) and treated food only (experiment C). Mortality was negatively affected by exposure from treated soil only with greatest mortality observed in the groups exposed to the two highest concentrations (20 ppb and 100 ppb), but no clear effect on mortality was found in the other two experiments. When clothianidin was present in the food, an anti-feedant effect was present in months one and two which subsequently disappeared; if this occurs in the field, it could result in reduced rates of decomposition of treated crop foliage. We found no significant effects of any treatment on worm body mass. We cannot rule out stronger adverse effects if worms come into close proximity to treated seeds, or if other aspects of fitness were examined. Overall, our data suggest that field-realistic exposure to clothianidin has a significant but temporary effect on food consumption and can have weak but significant impacts on mortality of L. terrestris.