Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geotagging Twitter Messages in Crisis Management

All rights reserved. During times of crisis microblogging platforms such as Twitter have played an important role as a communication channel to distribute information. Particularly, disaster-related tweets are valuable resources when tagged with their location for detecting unexpected events. However, they often contain different types of location and one of the main challenges is resolving the ambiguity involved in their locations. The process of identifying phrase portions in unstructured texts with possible spatial aspects and disambiguating these references by linking them to geographic coordinates is known as Geotagging. In the context of crisis management, this paper presents OzCT geotagger that automatically detects the location(s) mentioned in the content of tweets with three possibilities: definite, ambiguous and no-location. It also semantically annotates the tweet components utilizing existing and new ontologies. The OzCT geotagger has been recently deployed in a trial system of the OzCrisisTracker application. Experiments demonstrate that the precision and recall for detection of the definite locations against geotagging by human judgement are on average of 80%. We also conclude that the accuracy of geographical focus of the OzCT geotagger is considerably higher than other systems. While existing geocoding systems have lower coverage for suburb and street focus, our approach detects suburbs in more than 60% situations.
Significance of Bcl-xL in human colon carcinoma.

AIM To investigate the clinical significance of Bcl-xL gene in the pathogenesis of human colon carcinoma. METHODS Fifty-six pair tissue samples from patients with colon cancer were collected, and protein level of the Bcl-xL gene was measured by immunohistochemistry method. The correlation of Bcl-xL expression with clinical index was evaluated. After human colon cancer cell line HT29 was transfected with Bcl-xL small interfering RNA (siRNA), the anchorage-independent growth of cancer cells was detected by colony formation in soft agar and invasion ability of cancer cells was determined by a transwell model. RESULTS The Bcl-xL expression was higher in cancerous tissue samples than in normal tissue samples (38.78 +/-11.36 vs 0.89 +/- 0.35, P < 0.001), and was associated with the pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and Duke's stage of colorectal carcinoma. Transfection with Bcl-xL siRNA inhibited the colony formation and invasion ability of human colon cancer cell line HT29 in vitro. CONCLUSION Bcl-xL gene plays an important role in carcinogenesis of human colorectal carcinoma and is associated with malignant biological behaviors of human colorectal carcinoma.
Receptor Assays For Growth Hormone

Growth hormone (GH) assays are designed to determine the biological effectiveness of GH in a variety of preparations or in biological fluids (e.g. blood samples). Assays are important for the standardization of different GH preparations as well as for the evaluation and diagnosis of clinical disorders of growth. As shown in Table I , GH assays can be divided into four types. Two classical bioassays for GH were established over 40 years ago. The first depends on the body weight gain seen in hypophysectomized rats following a 10-day period of daily injections of GH. In the second, the ‘tibia assay’, the widening of the cartilage growth plate of the tibia of hypophysectomized rats is determined following four daily injections of GH. Purified or recombinant GH preparations are standardized on the basis of these two assays (1) . Unfortunately, both assays have low sensitivity. Therefore, these assays are not suitable for the routine measurement of GH in serum samples. The development and application of radiommunoassays (RIAs) for GH dramatically changed our understanding of the secretion of GH in health and disease because, for the first time, circulating levels of GH could be measured relatively easily in a large number of samples. Using RIAs, basal levels of GH in the circulation were established, a sleep-related peak of GH was found, and hypoglycaemia and arginine infusion were found to be potent stimuli of GH secretion. Pharmacological agents, such as L-dopa-propranolol, were also shown to be potent stimuli for GH secretion. The RIA measurement of serum GH levels following provocative stimuli was widely used as a diagnostic test for GH deficiency (2). Whilst GH immunoassays were convenient and appeared satisfactory in identifying GHdeficient patients, a lingering concern persisted that, at least in some patients, there were discrepancies between the levels of the biologically active form of GH in the circulation and the immunoassay estimates. The most dramatic example of this was found by Ellis et al. who reported much higher values of GH by the tibia assay than by RIA of plasma samples (3). In the absence of a specific and sensitive bioassay that matched the sensitivity of RIAs, the
Predicting the EQ-5D-3L Preference Index from the SF-12 Health Survey in a National US Sample

Background. When data on preferences are not available, analysts rely on condition-specific or generic measures of health status like the SF-12 for predicting or mapping preferences. Such prediction is challenging because of the characteristics of preference data, which are bounded, have multiple modes, and have a large proportion of observations clustered at values of 1. Methods. We developed a finite mixture model for cross-sectional data that maps the SF-12 to the EQ-5D-3L preference index. Our model characterizes the observed EQ-5D-3L index as a mixture of 3 distributions: a degenerate distribution with mass at values indicating perfect health and 2 censored (Tobit) normal distributions. Using estimation and validation samples derived from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2000 dataset, we compared the prediction performance of these mixture models to that of 2 previously proposed methods: ordinary least squares regression (OLS) and two-part models. Results. Finite mixture models in which predictions are based on classification outperform two-part models and OLS regression based on mean absolute error, with substantial improvement for samples with fewer respondents in good health. The potential for misclassification is reflected on larger root mean square errors. Moreover, mixture models underperform around the center of the observed distribution. Conclusions. Finite mixtures offer a flexible modeling approach that can take into account idiosyncratic characteristics of the distribution of preferences. The use of mixture models allows researchers to obtain estimates of health utilities when only summary scores from the SF-12 and a limited number of demographic characteristics are available. Mixture models are particularly useful when the target sample does not have a large proportion of individuals in good health.
Population Estimates of Kea in Arthur's Pass National Park

The population dynamics of a local group of Kea (Nestor notabilis) was studied at a refuse dump in Arthur's Pass National Park over the course of three successive summers. The mean number of buds that foraged at the dump during the summer was estimated as 20 juveniles, 10 subadults, and 36 adults. An average of 11% of these birds were females. The number of adults was quite stable across years. The total population of Kea in this area was estimated to be between 88 and 119, or in the order of 0.018 to 0.040 buds per hectare. Mortality did not exceed 16-20% per year for adult and subadult buds, but it was probably higher for younger buds. Male juveniles all appeared to disperse from the area within the first two years; female juveniles, on the other hand, were frequently resighted in subsequent seasons. This difference in behaviour was statistically significant. The abundance of fledglings suggested that as few as 10% of adult males may breed in any given year. INTRODUCTION Despite the interest that has been shown in the behaviour of the Kea (Potts 1976,1977, Keller 1972,1975,1976, Diamond & Bond 1991) and the success of several zoos at breeding them in captivity (Lint 1958, Schmidt 1971, Keller 1972, Mallet 1973), remarkably little is known of the numbers and status of Kea in the wild. The commonly cited estimate of an aggregate wild population of between 1000 and 5000 birds (Anderson 1986) was derived by assuming an average population density of 2 10 birds per 8400-ha quadrat and multiplying by the 487 quadrats in the South Island in which observers had reported seeing at least one Kea (Bull et al. 1985). The resulting estimate may be correct, but there are no available data that would confirm the assumed population density. It amounts, therefore, to little more than a guess. Jackson (1960) surveyed the wintering Kea population from Arthur's Pass Village north to Temple Basin in Arthur's Pass National Park and made extensive observations of nesting success (Jackson 1963) and mortality (Jackson 1969). Clarke (1970) has made a more recent set of observations in Nelson Lakes National Park, but no quantitative estimates of the Kea population in Arthur's Pass have been made in the 30 years since Jackson's 152 BOND & DIAMOND NOTORNIS 39 research. We present here the results of a small study, over three consecutive summers, of the Kea in the southern portion of the Bealey Valley in Arthur's Pass National Park.
Exploring age-related conversational interaction

Does the way we interact in conversation changes as we get older? This paper presents a corpus-based study investigating this question by looking into agerelated differences in spontaneous spoken dialogue. Conversations from the Switchboard corpus were analysed using n-gram models, relating the communicative actions as encoded by dialogue acts to speaker age. Results show that older interlocutors generally address the conversation itself (rather than other topics) less than younger adults. Age differences are also reported on feedback strategies, most notably that even though younger interlocutors produce more backchannels overall, older interlocutors use backchannels more often when taking turns.
[Quality control of radioligand assay for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody].

OBJECTIVE To supply the quality control for glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD-Ab) measurement using radioligand assay. METHODS The quality control of GAD-Ab determined with radioligand assay in 83 batches was analyzed. RESULTS The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 4.3% to approximately 8.3% and the inter-assay CV was 7.1% to approximately 10.8%. A ratio of signal to noise (S/N) with 15 or more was defined as a valid measurement. Of the 83 batches, 67 batches (80.7%) met with the standard and the other 16 (19.3%) were not qualified. When the results were analyzed according to the season, the failure rate in summer was significantly higher than that in winter (38.5% vs 4.8%, P < 0.05). In addition, the mean value of S/N in summer was significantly lower than that in winter ( 14.1 +/- 7. 3 vs. 21.5 +/- 5.2, P < 0.01). Among the failed batches, 68.8% (11/16) was caused by TBST buffer and 50% (8/16) due to the increased temperature of TBST buffer. Other causes for the failure included the invalidation of reagents for in vitro transcription and translation. CONCLUSION TBST buffer and other influential factors of radioligand assay in determining GAD-Ab, should be controlled strictly to ensure a reliable and repeatable result.
Analysis and design of decoupling capacitor for single phase flyback-inverter with active power decoupling circuit

Recently, active power decoupling method is studied for reducing power oscillation on PV (Photovoltaic) module by grid side instantaneous power. However decoupling circuit input current delay and inverter system efficiency affect power oscillation when decoupling circuit is operating. This power oscillation disturbs MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control. To reduce power oscillation considering above conditions (i.e. input current delay and system efficiency), power oscillation is analyzed and optimal design method of decoupling capacitance is proposed. The validity of proposed methods is verified by simulation result.
TMEM129 is a Derlin-1 associated ERAD E3 ligase essential for virus-induced degradation of MHC-I

Significance Newly synthesized proteins undergo a strict quality-control checkpoint, and misfolded secretory proteins are targeted across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane back to the cytosol for proteasome degradation. This process requires tagging errant proteins with ubiquitin by an E3 ubiquitin ligase. In a genetic screen we identified TMEM129 as a novel and unusual E3 ligase. TMEM129 is hijacked by the human cytomegalovirus to degrade MHC-I signaling molecules and avert immune recognition of the infected cell. We suggest TMEM129 is an important ligase in the turnover of misfolded secretory proteins within a novel endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation complex. The US11 gene product of human cytomegalovirus promotes viral immune evasion by hijacking the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. US11 initiates dislocation of newly translocated MHC I from the ER to the cytosol for proteasome-mediated degradation. Despite the critical role for ubiquitin in this degradation pathway, the responsible E3 ligase is unknown. In a forward genetic screen for host ERAD components hijacked by US11 in near-haploid KBM7 cells, we identified TMEM129, an uncharacterized polytopic membrane protein. TMEM129 is essential and rate-limiting for US11-mediated MHC-I degradation and acts as a novel ER resident E3 ubiquitin ligase. TMEM129 contains an unusual cysteine-only RING with intrinsic E3 ligase activity and is recruited to US11 via Derlin-1. Together with its E2 conjugase Ube2J2, TMEM129 is responsible for the ubiquitination, dislocation, and subsequent degradation of US11-associated MHC-I. US11 engages two degradation pathways: a Derlin-1/TMEM129–dependent pathway required for MHC-I degradation and a SEL1L/HRD1-dependent pathway required for “free” US11 degradation. Our data show that TMEM129 is a novel ERAD E3 ligase and the central component of a novel mammalian ERAD complex.
Contribution à l'étude des problèmes de satisfaction de contraintes : algorithmes de propagation et de résolution : propagation de contraintes dans les réseaux dynamiques

Nous presentons une etude sur la resolution de problemes de satisfaction de contraintes (au sens csp). Si la litterature concernant les csp binaires (contraintes limitees a deux variables) est particulierement fournie, celle relative au cas general (contraintes d'arite quelconque) est assez limitee. Aussi, apres un rappel exhaustif sur les techniques de propagation et de satisfaction de contraintes, nous proposons des resultats theoriques et pratiques relatifs a la problematique generale. Ces resultats concernent notamment la representation de csp n-aires par des csp binaires, les techniques de filtrage par propagation de contraintes et les methodes de resolution de problemes par decomposition. Dans une seconde partie, nous etudions un formalisme issu des csp: les csp dynamiques. Ce modele impose la gestion d'ensembles de contraintes evolutifs dans un cadre de resolution. Si les techniques classiques sont applicables dans certains cas, les particularites du modele imposent le developpement de methodes specifiques adaptees a son aspect dynamique. Nous proposons ainsi une methode de maintien de consistance partielle dans un reseau de contraintes dont l'objectif concerne egalement le calcul d'informations supplementaires permettant l'explication des causes de propagations
Possible involvement of β‐endorphin in a loss of the coordinated balance of μ‐opioid receptors trafficking processes by fentanyl

SATOSHI IMAI, YUKA SUDO, ATSUSHI NAKAMURA, AYUMI OZEKI, MEGUMI ASATO, MINORU HOJO, LAKSHMI A. DEVI, NAOKO KUZUMAKI, TSUTOMU SUZUKI, YASUHITO UEZONO, AND MINORU NARITA* Department of Toxicology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan Department of Anesthesiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences,1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York 10029 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
1 Million Captioned Dutch Newspaper Images

Images naturally appear alongside text in a wide variety of media, such as books, magazines, newspapers, and in online articles. This type of multi-modal data offers an interesting basis for vision and language research but most existing datasets use crowdsourced text, which removes the images from their original context. In this paper, we introduce the KBK-1M dataset of 1.6 million images in their original context, with co-occurring texts found in Dutch newspapers from 1922 - 1994. The images are digitally scanned photographs, cartoons, sketches, and weather forecasts; the text is generated from OCR scanned blocks. The dataset is suitable for experiments in automatic image captioning, image―article matching, object recognition, and data-to-text generation for weather forecasting. It can also be used by humanities scholars to analyse photographic style changes, the representation of people and societal issues, and new tools for exploring photograph reuse via image-similarity-based search.
Tell Me a Good Story and I May Lend you Money: The Role of Narratives in Peer-to-Peer Lending Decisions

This research examines how identity claims constructed in narratives by borrowers influence lender decisions about unsecured personal loans. Specifically, do the number of identity claims and their content influence lending decisions, and can they predict the longer-term performance of funded loans? Using data from the peer-to-peer lending website Prosper.com, the authors find that unverifiable information affects lending decisions above and beyond the influence of objective, verifiable information. As the number of identity claims in narratives increases, so does loan funding, whereas loan performance suffers, because these borrowers are less likely to pay back the loan. In addition, identity content plays an important role. Identities focused on being trustworthy or successful are associated with increased loan funding but ironically are less predictive of loan performance than other identities (i.e., moral and economic hardship). Thus, some identity claims aim to mislead lenders, whereas others provide true representations of borrowers.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CAR, BOPO DAN ROA TERHADAP NON PERFORMANCE LOAN

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan informasi dan bukti mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penilaian kinerja perusahaan perbankan nasional, Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel laporan keuangan perusahaan perbankan nasional yang terdapat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dan Bank Indonesia sebanyak 20 Bank Nasional periode Tahun 2007 – 2010. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode regresi linier berganda dan variable yang diukur dengan skala rasio. Dengan menggunakan analisis data uji asumsi klasik, sebagai persyaratan dalam menggunakan metode penelitian Regresi Linier Berganda. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rasio keuangan dari kiriteria CAMEL yang dipilih dari rasio keuangan yang umum digunakan berdasarkan penilaian tingkat kesehatan Bank. Sampel terdiri dari 20 Bank Nasional digunakan adalah dari Aspek Permodalan (CAR), Rasio Biaya Operasional dan Pendapatan Operasi (BOPO) serta Return On Asset (ROA) sebagai variabel bebas dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) sebagai variabel tidak bebas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian 20 Bank Nasional pada periode 2006 – 2010 maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa CAR, BOPO dan ROA secara parsial kurang berpengaruh kepada NPL. Namun ketiganya secara simultan dapat mempengaruhi NPL (Non Performing Loan) pada perbankan nasional yang mengacu terhadap tingkat kesehatan bank melalui metode CAMEL
Development of a Risk-Based Environmental Management Tool for Drilling Discharges. Summary of a Four-Year Project

ABSTRACT EDITOR'S NOTE: This is 1 of 5 papers reporting on the results of a 4-year project to develop an environmental risk-based decision support tool, to assist the oil industry in establishing cost-effective measures for reducing risk to the marine environment from drilling discharges. This paper briefly summarizes the ERMS project and presents the developed model by showing results from environmental fates and risk calculations of a discharge from offshore drilling operations. The developed model calculates environmental risks for the water column and sediments resulting from exposure to toxic stressors (e.g., chemicals) and nontoxic stressors (e.g., suspended particles, sediment burial). The approach is based on existing risk assessment techniques described in the European Union technical guidance document on risk assessment and species sensitivity distributions. The model calculates an environmental impact factor, which characterizes the overall potential impact on the marine environment in terms of potentially impacted water volume and sediment area. The ERMS project started in 2003 and was finalized in 2007. In total, 28 scientific reports and 9 scientific papers have been delivered from the ERMS project (http://www.sintef.no/erms).