Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School-based research. A guide for education students, coordinado por Elaine Wilson. Segunda edición. SAGE Publications, 2013.

This book is aimed for practitioners and / or students at a master degree level who wish to do research in the classroom and who need a handbook to guide them in their research process, from the formulation of the research questions to the elaboration of the final draft of the work. Specifically, the text addresses the issues of how to compile literature on the chosen topic and how to construct a robust theoretical framework, it presents the ethical problems researchers may encounter, it explains how to collect and analyze data, it provides tips for the writing process, it illustrates the differences between qualitative and quantitative approaches, it defines what we understand by an action research, a case study or a grounded theory method and finally, it describes the philosophical paradigms that support each of these modes of investigation. Furthermore, the volume, noted for its clarity and accessibility, provides concrete examples extracted from published research papers as well as diagrams and summaries to explain the most complex content.
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE TYPES RELEVANCE ALONG ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION PHASES

Enterprise Systems (ES) are now established business operating systems in many organizations worldwide. Knowledge management research in ES has been significantly focused on the creation, sharing and storage of knowledge. However, it is often not clear what type of ‘knowledge’ has to exactly managed. Therefore, there is a need to address the epistemological domain of knowledge along the implementation phases of the market leading Enterprise Systems SAP R/3. This exploratory study attempts to identify and analyze the different types of knowledge along the implementation phases of a SAP system. Through an analysis of knowledge types and critical success factors along the phases of SAP’s implementation methodology, it is possible to gain insights into the relevance of knowledge types required for implementing an ES.
Selecting Help Messages by Using Robust Grammar Verification for Handling Out-of-Grammar Utterances in Spoken Dialogue Systems

We address the issue of out-of-grammar (OOG) utterances in spoken dialogue systems by generating help messages. Help message generation for OOG utterances is a challenge because language understanding based on automatic speech recognition (ASR) of OOG utterances is usually erroneous; important words are often misrecognized or missing from such utterances. Our grammar verification method uses a weighted finite-state transducer, to accurately identify the grammar rule that the user intended to use for the utterance, even if important words are missing from the ASR results. We then use a ranking algorithm, RankBoost, to rank help message candidates in order of likely usefulness. Its features include the grammar verification results and the utterance history representing the user's experience.
The Treatment of Breast Cancer Using Liposome Technology

Liposome-based chemotherapeutics used in the treatment of breast cancer can in principle enhance the therapeutic index of otherwise unencapsulated anticancer drugs. This is partially attributed to the fact that encapsulation of cytotoxic agents within liposomes allows for increased concentrations of the drug to be delivered to the tumor site. In addition, the presence of the phospholipid bilayer prevents the encapsulated active form of the drug from being broken down in the body prior to reaching tumor tissue and also serves to minimize exposure of the drug to healthy sensitive tissue. While clinically approved liposome-based chemotherapeutics such as Doxil have proven to be quite effective in the treatment of breast cancer, significant challenges remain involving poor drug transfer between the liposome and cancerous cells. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements made in the development of liposome-based chemotherapeutics with respect to improved drug transfer for use in breast cancer therapy.
Using Circular Programs to Deforest in Accumulating Parameters

This paper presents a functional program transformation that removes intermediate data structures in compositions of two members of a class of recursive functions with accumulating parameters. To avoid multiple traversals of the input data structure, the composition algorithm produces circular programs that make essential use of lazy evaluation and local recursion. The resulting programs are simplified using a post-processing phase sketched in the paper. The presented transformation, called lazy composition, is compared with related transformation techniques both on a qualitative level and based on runtime measurements. An alternative use of higher-orderedness instead of circularity is also briefly explored.
Development and Testing of the OPLS All-Atom Force Field on Conformational Energetics and Properties of Organic Liquids

The parametrization and testing of the OPLS all-atom force field for organic molecules and peptides are described. Parameters for both torsional and nonbonded energetics have been derived, while the bond stretching and angle bending parameters have been adopted mostly from the AMBER all-atom force field. The torsional parameters were determined by fitting to rotational energy profiles obtained from ab initio molecular orbital calculations at the RHF/6-31G*//RHF/6-31G* level for more than 50 organic molecules and ions. The quality of the fits was high with average errors for conformational energies of less than 0.2 kcal/mol. The force-field results for molecular structures are also demonstrated to closely match the ab initio predictions. The nonbonded parameters were developed in conjunction with Monte Carlo statistical mechanics simulations by computing thermodynamic and structural properties for 34 pure organic liquids including alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ethers, acetals, thiols, sulfides, disulfides, a.
Suppression of proline‐directed protein kinase FA expression potentiates erythroid differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells

Initial clinic studies revealed that the overexpression of proline‐directed protein kinase FA (PDPK FA) is associated conversely with various stages of tumor tissue differentiation. However, the role of overexpressed PDPK FA in tumor cell differentiation remains unknown and needs to be established. In this report, the authors explore the potential role of PDPK FA in cellular differentiation by investigating the effects of partial inhibition of this kinase on erythroid differentiation of chronic myeloid leukemia cells (K562).
Pro‐apoptotic and immunomodulatory activity of a mycobacterial cell wall‐DNA complex towards LNCaP prostate cancer cells

We have isolated a mycobacterial cell wall‐DNA complex (MCC) possessing anti‐cancer activity against bladder cancer cells. The anti‐cancer activity of MCC appears to be due to two effects: a direct interaction with bladder cancer cells resulting in the induction of apoptosis and an indirect effect via the stimulation of monocytes and macrophages cytokine synthesis. In this study, the direct effect of MCC towards LNCaP cancer cells was evaluated.
The Jump Component of the Volatility Structure of Interest Rate Futures Markets: An International Comparison

We propose a generalization of the Shirakawa ( 1991 ) model to capture the jump component in fixed‐income markets. The model is formulated under the Heath, Jarrow, & Morton ( 1992 ) framework, and allows the presence of a Wiener noise and a finite number of Poisson noises, each associated with a time deterministic volatility function. We derive the evolution of the futures price and use this evolution to estimate the model parameters via the likelihood transformation technique of Duan ( 1994 ). We apply the method to the short‐term futures contracts traded on CME, SFE, LIFFE, and TIFFE, and find that each market is characterized by very different behavior. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:1125–1158, 2003
Basic Reasoning with Tensor Product Representations

In this paper we present the initial development of a general theory for mapping inference in predicate logic to computation over Tensor Product Representations (TPRs; Smolensky (1990), Smolensky & Legendre (2006)). After an initial brief synopsis of TPRs (Section 0), we begin with particular examples of inference with TPRs in the 'bAbI' question-answering task of Weston et al. (2015) (Section 1). We then present a simplification of the general analysis that suffices for the bAbI task (Section 2). Finally, we lay out the general treatment of inference over TPRs (Section 3). We also show the simplification in Section 2 derives the inference methods described in Lee et al. (2016); this shows how the simple methods of Lee et al. (2016) can be formally extended to more general reasoning tasks.
Efficacy of free glutathione and niosomal glutathione in the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in cats

Acetaminophen (APAP) administration results in hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats. The response to three different treatments against APAP poisoning was evaluated. Free glutathione (GSH) (200mg/kg), niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) and free amino acids (180 mg/kg of N-acetylcysteine and 280 mg/kg of methionine) were administered to cats that were intoxicated with APAP (a single dose of 150 mg/kg, p.o.). Serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) along with serum, liver and erythrocyte concentration of GSH and methemoglobin percentage were measured before and 4, 24 and 72 hours after APAP administration. Free GSH (200 mg/kg) and niosomal GSH (14 mg/kg) were effective in reducing hepatotoxicity and hematotoxicity in cats intoxicated with a dose of 150 mg/kg APAP. We conclude that both types of treatments can protect the liver and haemoglobin against oxidative stress in APAP intoxicated cats. Furthermore, our results showed that treatment with niosomal GSH represents an effective therapeutic approach for APAP poisoning.
Neurodegeneration in Autoimmune Optic Neuritis Is Associated with Altered APP Cleavage in Neurons and Up-Regulation of p53

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Histopathological and radiological analysis revealed that neurodegeneration occurs early in the disease course. However, the pathological mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration are poorly understood. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Brown Norway rats (BN-rats) is a well-established animal model, especially of the neurodegenerative aspects of MS. Previous studies in this animal model indicated that loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the neurons that form the axons of the optic nerve, occurs in the preclinical phase of the disease and is in part independent of overt histopathological changes of the optic nerve. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify genes which are involved in neuronal cell loss at different disease stages of EAE. Furthermore, genes that are highly specific for autoimmune-driven neurodegeneration were compared to those regulated in RGCs after optic nerve axotomy at corresponding time points. Using laser capture micro dissection we isolated RNA from unfixed RGCs and performed global transcriptome analysis of retinal neurons. In total, we detected 582 genes sequentially expressed in the preclinical phase and 1150 genes in the clinical manifest EAE (P < 0.05, fold-induction >1.5). Furthermore, using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), we identified amyloid precursor protein (APP) as a potential upstream regulator of changes in gene expression in the preclinical EAE but neither in clinical EAE, nor at any time point after optic nerve transection. Therefore, the gene pathway analysis lead to the hypothesis that altered cleavage of APP in neurons in the preclinical phase of EAE leads to the enhanced production of APP intracellular domain (AICD), which in turn acts as a transcriptional regulator and thereby initiates an apoptotic signaling cascade via up-regulation of the target gene p53.
Using Divisible Load Theory to Dimension Optical Transport Networks for Grid Excess Load Handling

An important aspect of grid deployment is the allocation and activation of installed network capacity. Due to the data-intensive nature of grid jobs, it is expected that optical transport networks will play an important role in grid deployment. As grids possibly consist of high numbers of re sources and users, solving the network dimensioning problem using straight forward integer linear programs (ILP) does not scale well with increasing number of jobs. There fore, we propose the use of divisible load theory (DLT) when modeling this OCS (with wavelength translation) dimensioning problem. We establish the suitability of this approach as an optical transport network dimensioning tool in an excess load scenario for varying wavelength granularity, fiber/wavelength cost models, network topology, traffic demand asymmetry and Grid scheduling strategy
A Phase I Study of Topical Tempol for the Prevention of Alopecia Induced by Whole Brain Radiotherapy

Purpose: Complete alopecia is a universal complication of whole brain radiation therapy which contributes to patient anxiety over treatment. Tempol, a nitroxide radioprotector, has been shown to protect against radiation-induced alopecia in an animal model. This phase Ib study was designed to evaluate the safety and side effect profile of topical Tempol in patients with brain metastases being treated with whole brain radiotherapy. Experimental Design: Twelve patients with metastatic cancer to the brain were enrolled in the study between October 2000 and February 2003. Tempol (70 mg/ml concentration solution) was applied topically to the scalp 15 minutes before and washed off immediately after the completion of each of 10 fractions of whole brain radiation. Pharmacokinetic studies to evaluate the systemic absorption of Tempol were performed. Patients were assessed for toxicity before, during, and after Tempol administration. A secondary end point of the study, hair retention, was also scored. Results: Eleven patients were treated with topical Tempol. Adverse events that were considered possibly, probably, or definitely related to Tempol, included asymptomatic grade 2 (two patients) and grade 1 (one patient) hypoglycemia, grade 1 forehead skin redness (one patient), grade 1 dry scalp (one patient), and grade 1 tingling sensation on the scalp (one patient). Tempol was not detected in blood samples from more than 50% of the patients. Mean maximum Tempol levels for individual patients at any time point varied from 0.4 to 3.1 μmol/L. Hair retention was localized to the base of the scalp where the Tempol solution pooled after application in the first four patients on the study. Subsequently, full scalp hair retention was seen in three of final five evaluable patients after gauze had been wrapped around the head to hold the solution against the scalp. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that topical application of Tempol to the scalp before whole brain radiation is safe and well tolerated. Evidence of protection against radiation-induced alopecia was observed. A phase II study that uses a gel formulation to increase the exposure of scalp to Tempol has been initiated.
Neural Correlates of Political Ideology and Inhibition

New research in political psychology increasingly suggests that political orientation may have a psychological and biological component. We seek to contribute to this research by exploring the role of inhibition in political orientation. Our project has two stages. First, we look for correlation between self-reported measures of political orientation and inhibitory behavioral motivation, using Gray’s theory of the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS). Second, we propose a behavioral task to corroborate our survey findings and advance beyond selfreported measures. The Go/No-Go task habituates participants into a frequent “Go” response but then infrequently introduces an unpredictable “No-Go” signal, requiring participants to quickly inhibit the habituated “Go” response. We will record behavioral data as well as electroencephalography, which is a measure of electrical signals from the brain. Using a stratified sample of strong liberals, strong conservatives, and consistent moderates we expect to find behavioral and neurocognitive differences between these three groups during the Go/No-Go task. This study builds on Amodio, Jost, Master, and Yee (2007), but includes multiple measures of political orientations and uses a non-student sample.
Identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions by a combination of spearman's rank correlation and IDA

It is already discovered that miRNA works as a regulator for the functions and production of mRNA. Malfunctions in this regulatory relationship can lead to different types of genetic life threatening diseases. Identifying miRNA-mRNA interaction is very important to biological research for understanding complex process of genes, and to medical research for discovering new genetic medicines. Standard methods for identifying miRNA-mRNA interactions requires chemical experiment which is very time consuming and costly. Therefore, researchers have been trying to find alternatives. Several computational methods are being developed to replace chemical experiments. Many computational methods show promising results. IDA is a computational method used to discover miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships. Although IDA shows good predictions for gene-gene interactions, it's running time is very high. We propose an improvement to the IDA reducing its running time without affecting prediction performance.
Map-based Interfaces for Information Management in Large Text Collections

The Self-Organising Map (SOM) has been proposed as an alternative interface for exploring Digital Libraries or other big document collections, in addition to conventional search and browsing. With advanced visualisations assisting the user in understanding the contents of the map and its structure, as well as advanced interaction modes as zooming, panning and area selection, the SOM becomes a feasible alternative to classical search interfaces. Several applications show the SOM's utility for this task. However, there are still shortcomings in helping the user understanding the ma, which is essential to fully exploit the SOM's potential as an Information Management tool. There are insufficient methods developed for describing the map to support the user in the analysis of the map contents. In this paper, we give an overview of existing techniques and applications of SOMs in Digital Libraries, and present recent work in assisting the user in exploring the map by automatically describing maps using advanced labelling and summarisation of map regions, focusing on text collections. Therewith, the SOM becomes an attractive tool for Information Management in large corpora.
A logic for model-checking mean-field models

Recently the mean-field method has been adopted for analysing systems consisting of a large number of interacting objects in computer science, biology, chemistry, etc. It allows for a quick and accurate analysis of such systems, while avoiding the state-space explosion problem. So far, the method has primarily been used for performance evaluation. In this paper, we use the mean-field method for model-checking. We define and motivate a logic MF-CSL for describing properties of systems composed of many identical interacting objects. The proposed logic allows describing both properties of the overall system and of a random individual object. Algorithms to check the satisfaction relation for all MF-CSL operators are proposed. Furthermore, we explain how the set of all time instances that fulfill a given MF-CSL formula for a certain distribution of objects can be computed.
Real Income Stagnation of Countries , 1960-2001 1

This paper examines the phenomenon of real-income stagnation (in which realincome growth is negligible or negative for a sizable uninterrupted sequence of years). It analyzes data for four decades from a large cross-section of countries. Real income stagnation is a conceptually distinct phenomenon from low average growth and other features of the growth sequence that have been held to be of interest in the literature. We find that real income stagnation has affected a significant number of countries (103 out of 168), and resulted in substantial income loss. Countries that suffered spells of real income stagnation were more likely to be poor, in Latin America or sub-Saharan Africa, conflict ridden and dependent on primary commodity exports. Stagnation is also very likely to persist over time. Countries that were afflicted with stagnation in the 1960s had a likelihood of seventy-five percent of also being afflicted with stagnation in the 1990s.
Large pages and lightweight memory management in virtualized environments: Can you have it both ways?

Large pages have long been used to mitigate address translation overheads on big-memory systems, particularly in virtualized environments where TLB miss overheads are severe. We show, however, that far from being a panacea, large pages are used sparingly by modern virtualization software. This is because large pages often preclude lightweight memory management, which can outweigh their Translation Look aside Buffer (TLB) benefits. For example, they reduce opportunities to de duplicate memory among virtual machines in overcommitted systems, interfere with lightweight memory monitoring, and hamper the agility of virtual machine (VM) migrations. While many of these problems are particularly severe in overcommitted systems with scarce memory resources, they can (and often do) exist generally in cloud deployments. In response, virtualization software often (though it doesn't have to) splinters guest operating system (OS) large pages into small system physical pages, sacrificing address translation performance for overall system-level benefits. We introduce simple hardware that bridges this fundamental conflict, using speculative techniques to group contiguous, aligned small page translations such that they approach the address translation performance of large pages. Our Generalized Large-page Utilization Enhancements (GLUE) allow system hypervisors to splinter large pages for agile memory management, while retaining almost all of the TLB performance of unsplintered large pages.
A Counting Logic for Structure Transition Systems

Quantitative questions such as "what is the maximum number of tokens in a place of a Petri net? " or "what is the maximal reachable height of the stack of a pushdown automaton? " play a significant role in understanding models of computation. To study such problems in a systematic way, we introduce structure transition systems on which one can define logics that mix temporal expressions (e.g. reachability) with properties of a state (e.g. the height of the stack). We propose a counting logic Qmu[#MSO] which allows to express questions like the ones above, and also many boundedness problems studied so far. We show that Qmu[#MSO] has good algorithmic properties, in particular we generalize two standard methods in model checking, decomposition on trees and model checking through parity games, to this quantitative logic. These properties are used to prove decidability of Qmu[#MSO] on tree-producing pushdown systems, a generalization of both pushdown systems and regular tree grammars.