Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Feedback regulation of hand grasp opening and contact force during stimulation of paralyzed muscle

A fixed-parameter, discrete-time, first-order, feedback control system is described for regulating grasp during electrical stimulation of paralyzed muscles of the hand. The stiffness of the grasp (the relationship between grasp force and grasp opening) is kept constant by linearly combining force and position feedback signals. Thus, a single continuous command signal can control the size of the grasp opening prior to object acquisition and both grasp and opening after contact. The controller achieves this change in controlled variables by scaling and summing the force and position feedback signals, rather than by a discrete switch in control strategy. Experimental tests of the control system in quadriplegic subjects show that control can be obtained over conditions ranging from unloaded position regulation is isometric force regulation as well as in the transition between these conditions. The robustness of the control system was evaluated during force regulation with isometric loads. Step response rise time and overshoot were much more dependent on system gain than on the location of the controller zero. Responses with a rise time of less than and 2 s an overshoot of less than 30% were obtained over a gain range up to 10, indicating good robustness to muscle gain reductions such as might be caused by fatigue. <<ETX>>
Cdc13p: A Single-Strand Telomeric DNA-Binding Protein with a Dual Role in Yeast Telomere Maintenance

The CDC13 gene has previously been implicated in the maintenance of telomere integrity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. With the use of two classes of mutations, here it is shown that CDC13 has two discrete roles at the telomere. The cdc13-2est mutation perturbs a function required in vivo for telomerase regulation but not in vitro for enzyme activity, whereas cdc13-1ts defines a separate essential role at the telomere. In vitro, purified Cdc13p binds to single-strand yeast telomeric DNA. Therefore, Cdc13p is a telomere-binding protein required to protect the telomere and mediate access of telomerase to the chromosomal terminus.
Disrespecting the dead and the living : Iban ancestor worship and the violation of mourning taboos

La religion traditionelle des Ibans est centree sur le culte des ancetres et la perpetuation de l'ordre cosmique par l'observance correcte des rituels et des tabous. La transgression de tabous est generalement retribuee par des sanctions qui sont censees restaurer l'equilibre cosmique et social, et detourner les malheurs d'origine surnaturelle. Prenant le point de vue que le comportement religieux implique la communication entre les vivants dans le contexte de rapports sociaux d'importance pour eux, cet article examine le culte des ancetres et la transgression des tabous de deuil chez les Ibans du Kalimantan occidental en Indonesie. Il fait ressortir en particulier les circonstances sociales sous-jacentes aux transgressions de tabous et le manque de respect que la transgression de tabous de deuil exprime envers les morts et les vivants. De plus, le traitement de cas individuels de transgression de tabous par les Ibans offre des revelations importantes sur la facon dont les relations sociales structurent les interpretations que donnent les gens du manque de respect.
Doping of Zinc Oxide with Selected First Row Transition Metals for Photocatalytic Applications

ZnO doped with Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu was prepared by homogeneous hydrolysis of sulfates with urea. The samples were annealed at various temperatures and characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction, UV/VIS reflectance spectroscopy, BET (Brunauer‐Emmet‐Teller) surface area and porosity measurements. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by measuring the degradation of an organic dye Reactive Black 5. The morphology of the samples was determined by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. For the Cu‐doped ZnO sample, EPR spectra were obtained. All samples annealed at 800°C contained hexagonal ZnO. In the VIS region, the best photocatalytic performance had the ZnO samples doped with Cr, Fe and Cu.
Development of splenic natural suppressor (NS) cells in ehrlich tumor‐bearing mice

Spleen cells from C57BL/6J mice bearing Ehrlich carcinoma growing as a solid tumor show progressive unresponsiveness to concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mitogens. This is accompanied by striking spleen enlargement with marked hematopoietic activity. Lymphoproliferative assays of normal spleen cells in co‐culture with tumor‐bearing spleen cells (TBSC) show that: (a) TBSC contain non‐specific suppressor cells able to abrogate both Con A and LPS responses, or mixed lymphocyte reaction, of normal spleen cells and (b) suppression by TBSC is MHC‐unrestricted, non‐prostaglandin‐mediated and greatly enhanced by Con A su‐pernatants. Suppressor cells associated with TBSC are large, low‐density cells without markers of mature B or T lymphocytes or of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Most appear to be asialo‐GM,‐negative, as suppression was only partially inhibited by treatment with anti‐asialo‐GM, and complement. Since NK activity is lacking in TBSC, our data strongly suggest that these “null” suppressor cells are related to the natural suppressor (NS) cells found described in normal bonemarrow and neonatal spleens, or induced in adult spleens by total lymphoid irradiation, graft‐vs.‐host disease, or cyclophosphamide treatment.
Deep CNN Object Features for Improved Action Recognition in Low Quality Videos

Human action recognition from low quality video remains a challenging task for the action recognition community. Recent state-of-the-art methods such as space-time interest point (STIP) uses shape and motion features for characterization of action. However, STIP features are over-reliant on video quality and lack robust object semantics. This paper harness the robustness of deeply learned object features from off-the-shelf convolutional neural network (CNN) models to improve action recognition under low quality conditions. A two-channel framework that aggregates shape and motion features extracted using STIP detector, and frame-level object features obtained from the final few layers (i.e. FC6, FC7, softmax layer) of a state-of-the-art image-trained CNN model is proposed. Experimental results on low quality versions of two publicly available datasets – UCF-11 and HMDB51, showed that the use of CNN object features together with conventional shape and motion can greatly improve the performance of action recognition in low quality videos.
Design and modelling of electric drive in database environment

The problem of electric drive design concerns the multi-criteria and non-linear problems having a number of more or less right solutions. In daily practice the search of optimum solution bases a great deal on the designer intuition and experience. Therefore, multiple obtained results have a waste degree of equipment use, unwarranted complexity, or excessive cost. Proposed approach is based on the implementation of the Structured Query Language (SQL) into the design and modelling stages concerned the work with databases of the drive components. Examples of effective algorithms are given to choose an optimum ratio of electrical and mechanical components. The soft tool is developed to generate and edit SQL sentences, to extract information from databases, as well as to test different component sets for particular applications.
Interactive Visual Analytics of Databases and Frequent Sets

In numerous real-life applications, large databases can be easily generated. Implicitly embedded in these databases is previously unknown and potentially useful knowledge such as frequently occurring sets of items, merchandise, or events. Different algorithms have been proposed for managing and retrieving useful information from these databases. Various algorithms have also been proposed for mining these databases to find frequent sets, which are usually presented in a lengthy textual list. As "a picture is worth a thousand words", the use of visual representations can enhance user understanding of the inherent relationships among the mined frequent sets. Many of the existing visualizers were not designed to visualize these mined frequent sets. In this journal article, an interactive visual analytic system is proposed for providing visual analytic solutions to the frequent set mining problem. The system enables the management, visualization, and advanced analysis of the original transaction databases as well as the frequent sets mined from these databases.
Transferrin receptor 2 and HFE regulate furin expression via mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/Erk) signaling. Implications for transferrin-dependent hepcidin regulation

Background Impaired regulation of hepcidin in response to iron is the cause of genetic hemochromatosis associated with defects of HFE and transferrin receptor 2. However, the role of these proteins in the regulation of hepcidin expression is unclear. Design and Methods Hepcidin expression, SMAD and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) phosphorylation and furin expression were analyzed in hepatic HepG2 cells in which HFE and transferrin receptor 2 were down-regulated or expressed, or furin activity specifically inhibited. Furin expression was also analyzed in the liver of transferrin receptor 2 null mice. Results We showed that the silencing of HFE and transferrin receptor 2 reduced both Erk phosphorylation and furin expression, that the exogenous expression of the two enhanced the induction of phosphoErk1/2 and furin by holotransferrin, but that this did not occur when the pathogenic HFE mutant C282Y was expressed. Furin, phosphoErk1/2 and phosphoSMAD1/5/8 were down-regulated also in transferrin receptor 2-null mice. Treatment of HepG2 cells with an inhibitor of furin activity caused a strong suppression of hepcidin mRNA, probably due to the inhibition of bone morphogenic protein maturation. Conclusions The data indicate that transferrin receptor 2 and HFE are involved in holotransferrin-dependent signaling for the regulation of furin which involved Erk phosphorylation. Furin in turn may control hepcidin expression.
Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals cryptic large‐scale invasion of non‐native genotypes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Japan

Wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are probably suffering from biological invasions of conspecific domesticated strains. However, such invasions may be largely camouflaged by morphological similarities between introduced and native strains. We conducted a large survey of mitochondrial DNA sequences (complete D‐loop region) from 11 localities in Japan. From a total of 166 individuals, 28 haplotypes were determined to fit into six divergent clades. One of the six clades included 19 closely related haplotypes with moderate nucleotide differences; however, the remaining five clades each included either a single haplotype or two almost identical haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis together with the previously published Eurasian haplotypes further demonstrated that the ‘monotypic’ clades were sisters to various Eurasian lineages, whereas the 19 related haplotypes formed a monophyletic group apart from the whole Eurasian clade. Given their monophyly and genetic diversity, the 19 related haplotypes were thought to originate from the Japanese native strain. Conversely, their phylogenetic affinities to Eurasian lineages and unnaturally low genetic diversities caused the haplotypes of the five monotypic clades to be considered as domesticated strains introduced from Eurasia. These hypotheses were supported by further evidences; i.e. the probable non‐native haplotypes were frequently found from Japanese domesticated strains, and the probable native population structure was rescued when the probable non‐native haplotypes were excluded from the analyses. This study revealed that almost half or more of the haplotypes in all of the locations studied originated from domesticated strains introduced from Eurasia.
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Research has long proved that student learn in different styles. Different students have different capabilities and needs. On the other hands, in the last few years the popularity of online degrees has dramatically increased. In current online learning elements including teaching method and assessments. But this contradicts the fact that different students have different capabilities and constraints. Most institutions provide the same courses. A student should be able to select the course that best matches his capabilities and constraints as long as it satisfies the required course outcomes. To achieve this goal, this paper proposes the use of Service-oriented Architecture (SOA). This paper introduces an extended service-oriented architecture and an extended service definition, which will enable the specification and provision of student-oriented courses. This paper also proposes a student-oriented course composition approach and a student-oriented course ranking approach. Received on 30 September, 2015; accepted on 29 February, 2016; published on 10 March, 2016
Characteristics of a Stable, Filamentous Mutant of a Coccoid Blue-Green Alga

Filamentous mutants were induced in a coccoid blue-green alga, Agmenellum quadruplicatum strain BG1, after treatment with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG). The mutants fall into two general classes: filaments with cross walls and filaments without cross walls. All mutants of these general types derived from BG1 are stable and have growth rates the same as or very similar to the wild type under a variety of conditions. Detailed examination of one mutant, 53SB2, revealed no difference in deoxyribonucleic acid content nor in base ratios. Mutant 53SB2 did not revert to the normal cell size and shape when grown under different physical conditions nor upon the addition of potential reversing agents to the basal medium. It is our general experience that filamentous mutants such as those described here in BG1 are commonly induced in other coccoid blue-green algae after NTG treatment.
Resilience engineering in healthcare: moving from epistemology to theory and practice

Few studies have taken a whole system approach to engineering resilience in healthcare. Doing so involves challenges in operationalising and measuring concepts, developing interventions and assessing their impact at a systems level. In this paper we have outlined a newly funded programme of work to operationalise key resilience concepts, develop and implement interventions to increase resilience, develop metrics to assess their effects and to make recommendations about how the insights of resilience engineering can be harnessed to improve patient safety. The results will provide evidence about the implementation and impact of four complex interventions in the areas of learning, responding, monitoring and anticipating, both singly and in combination, allowing future resilience interventions to be chosen based on knowledge of their effectiveness. The study will also yield an in depth picture of resilience engineering in action to inform the development of theory and the maturation of the approach.
Mining Sequential Update Summarization with Hierarchical Text Analysis

The outbreak of unexpected news events such as large human accident or natural disaster brings about a new information access problem where traditional approaches fail. Mostly, news of these events shows characteristics that are early sparse and later redundant. Hence, it is very important to get updates and provide individuals with timely and important information of these incidents during their development, especially when being applied in wireless and mobile Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we define the problem of sequential update summarization extraction and present a new hierarchical update mining system which can broadcast with useful, new, and timely sentence-length updates about a developing event. The new system proposes a novel method, which incorporates techniques from topic-level and sentence-level summarization. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we apply it to the task of sequential update summarization of temporal summarization (TS) track at Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) 2013 to compute four measurements of the update mining system: the expected gain, expected latency gain, comprehensiveness, and latency comprehensiveness. Experimental results show that our proposed method has good performance.
Recommendations for screening high school students for chlamydia and gonorrhea in San Francisco.

Adolescents are usually underserved medically. The use of self-obtained laboratory specimens for STD detection has resulted in screening programs targeting adolescents to be pilot-tested and implemented. In San Francisco contingent to the availability of resources and the continued support of the school board the feasible and acceptable school-based STD screening can be implemented on a larger scale by encouraging participation of more students eventually from more schools. As more STD screening data are becoming available on adolescents attempts to develop evidence-based statements that can guide selective screening can be made. However any suggestion that an adolescent may not be screened for STD based only on age and gender in the absence of individual behavioral risk factors may be confusing and subject to misinterpretations. When warranted such statements should be supported by high quality data. (excerpt)
Histopathology of Crohn ’ s disease and ulcerative colitis

Goal To review the important histologic features required for the diagnosis, assessment of disease activity and early detection of malignancy. The variability of features with time and treatment and difficult differential diagnostic problems will be discussed. Key points 1 Histopathology can help to solve many diagnostic problems, especially when multiple biopsies of the colon and ileum are available
Spatio-temporal modelling of disease incidence with missing covariate values

SUMMARY The search for an association between disease incidence and possible risk factors using surveillance data needs to account for possible spatial and temporal correlations in underlying risk. This can be especially difficult if there are missing values for some important covariates. We present a case study to show how this problem can be overcome in a Bayesian analysis framework by adding to the usual spatio-temporal model a component for modelling the missing data.
Calcium Dependence of Synaptic Vesicle Recycling Before and After Synaptogenesis

Abstract: Using an immunocytochemical assay to monitor synaptic vesicle exocytosis/endocytosis independently of neurotransmitter release, we have investigated some aspects of vesicle recycling in hippocampal neurons at different developmental stages. A calcium‐ and depolarization‐dependent exocytotic/endocytotic recycling of synaptic vesicles was found to take place in neurons already before the formation of synaptic contacts. The analysis of synaptic vesicle recycling at different calcium concentrations revealed the presence of two release components: the first one activated by low calcium concentrations and sustaining vesicle recycling before synaptogenesis, and a second one activated by high calcium concentrations, which is specifically turned on after the establishment of synaptic contacts. These data suggest that formation of synapses correlates with the activation of a putative low‐affinity calcium sensor, which allows synaptic vesicle exocytosis to be triggered and turned off over extremely short time scales, in response to large increases in the level of intracellular calcium.
THE POLAR CATALYSMIC VARIABLE 1RXS J173006.4+033813

We report the discovery of 1RXS J173006.4+033813, a polar cataclysmic variable with a period of 120.21 minutes. The white dwarf primary has a magnetic field of B = 42+6−5 MG and the secondary is an M3 dwarf. The system shows highly symmetric double-peaked photometric modulation in the active state as well as in quiescence. These arise from a combination of cyclotron beaming and ellipsoidal modulation. The projected orbital velocity of the secondary is K2 = 390 ± 4 km s−1. We place an upper limit of 830 ± 65 pc on the distance.
Aromatase inhibitors in the treatment of early and advanced breast cancer

The third generation aromatase inhibitors anastrozole, exemestane, and letrozole have been compared with tamoxifen and other endocrine therapies in several studies in early and advanced breast cancer. These studies are reviewed in this report. Based on the available evidence, the panel recommends that adjuvant treatment with tamoxifen for 5 years should no longer be considered as the sole standard but that a third-generation aromatase inhibitor should be used either alone or in a sequence with tamoxifen in the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. Third generation aromatase inhibitors may be considered as the first line therapy of hormone-receptor-positive advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and they may also be used for preoperative therapy of breast cancer.
Do Antiglaucomatous Prostaglandins Induce Melanogenesis in Human Conjunctiva?: An Impression Cytology Pilot Study

PurposeTo determine the effect of antiglaucomatous prostaglandin analogs on conjunctival melanogenesis. MethodsFor this pilot study, 30 glaucomatous patients treated with prostaglandin drops (alone and in association to β-blockers) and 30 control subjects (15 healthy volunteers and 15 patients treated with β-blockers) were included in this transversal, single masked, case-control, observational study. Skin complexion, eye color, conjunctival pigmentation, lacrimal tests, and corneal fluorescein staining were evaluated. Immunoreactivity for Tyrosinase was assayed on conjunctival imprints. ResultsTwenty percent of patients treated with prostaglandins and 10% of the control subjects clinically manifested conjunctival pigmentation (P=0.279). Only 4% (8/198) of the conjunctival specimens were positive to Tyrosinase immunostaining, with no statistically significant difference among the groups (P=0.449). In all cases, the proportion of positive cells was below 4%. When compared with subjects having negative specimens, those with positive immunostains did not show any statistically significant difference in skin complexion, eye color or exposure to irritants, and ultraviolet (P>0.05). ConclusionsAccording to our preliminary results, prostaglandin antiglaucomatous analogs do not significantly enhance pigmentation in the superficial layers of the conjunctiva. The existence of the Tyrosinase enzyme in the superficial layers of the conjunctiva suggests that basal melanocytes may transfer their melanogenic apparatus to superficial epithelial cells.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients after Intraarterial Thrombolytic Therapy of Acute Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion

Local thrombolysis may reduce mortality after acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion. We focused on variables affecting recanalization, outcome and long-term prognosis. Thirty-six patients with vertebrobasilar artery occlusion were treated with local intraarterial thrombolytic therapy. Four of the survivors were among the 16 patients without recanalization. Recanalization was associated with a higher survival rate. Top-of-the-basilar-type occlusions have the highest recanalization rate. The thrombolytic medication used did not influence the recanalization frequency. One patient died due to an intracerebral bleed after thrombolysis. There was no association between the time interval (greater or less than 6 h) between the onset of symptoms and therapy initiation and survival. Relapses during follow-up (mean follow-up 3.7 years) did not occur. MRI/MRA and ultrasound studies during follow-up showed unchanged results in these patients. All survivors at the time of follow-up lived at home.