Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PaScal - a new parallel and scalable server IO networking infrastructure for supporting global storage/file systems in large-size Linux clusters

This paper presents the design and implementation of a new I/O networking infrastructure, named PaScal (parallel and scalable I/O networking framework). PaScal is used to support high data bandwidth IP based global storage systems for large scale Linux clusters. PaScal has several unique properties. It employs (1) Multi-level switch-fabric interconnection network by combining high speed interconnects for computing inter-process communication (IPC) requirements and low-cost Gigabit Ethernet interconnect for global IP based storage/file access, (2) A bandwidth on demand scaling I/O networking architecture, (3) open-standard IP networks (routing and switching), (4) multipath routing for load balancing and failover, (5) open shortest path first (OSPF) routing software, and (6) Supporting a global file system in multi-cluster and multi-platform environments. We describe both the hardware and software components of our proposed PaScal. We have implemented the PaScal I/O infrastructure on several large-size Linux clusters at LANL. We have conducted a sequence of parallel MPI-IO assessment benchmarks on LANL's Pink 1024 node Linux cluster and the Panasas global parallel file system. Performance results from our parallel MPI-IO benchmarks on the Pink cluster demonstrate that the PaScal I/O Infrastructure is robust and capable of scaling in bandwidth on large-size Linux clusters
Rapid Cfd Simulation of Internal Combustion Engines

Multi-dimensional modelling of the ow and combustion promises to become a useful optimisation tool for IC engine design. Currently, the total simulation time for an engine cycle is measured in weeks to months, thus preventing the routine use of CFD in the design process. Here, we shall describe three tools aimed at reducing the simulation time to less than a week. The rapid template-based mesher produces the computational mesh within 1-2 days. The parallel ow solver STAR-CD performs the ow simulation on a similar timescale. The package is completed with COVISE MP , a parallel post-processor which allows real-time interaction with the data.
Hybrid Association Control Scheme and Load Balancing in Wireless LANs

— This paper presents a hybrid association control scheme that can maintain load balancing among access points in the wireless LANs and can satisfy the quality of service requirements of the multimedia traffic applications. The proposed model is mathematically described as a linear programming model. Simulation study and analysis were conducted in order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed hybrid load balancing and association control scheme. Simulation results shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the other schemes in term of the percentage of blocking and the quality of the data transfer rate providing to the multimedia and real-time applications.
Use-Dependent Block of Voltage-Gated Cav2.1 Ca2+ Channels by Petasins and Eudesmol Isomers

Migraine is a frequent and often disabling disease. Treatment is unsatisfactory in many patients. A disturbed dynamic balance between excitatory and inhibitory signal processing with enhanced cortical activity probably underlies common forms of migraine. Presynaptic voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are critical determinants of neurotransmitter release and also contribute to trigeminovascular signal transduction. Because clinical evidence exists for migraine-prophylactic actions of Petasites hybridus extracts, we investigated whether petasins comprising the main constituents of the extract inhibit currents through presynaptic Cav2.1 channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. P. hybridus extract (0.02 mg/ml), petasin, neopetasin, isopetasin, S-petasin, and iso-S-petasin (50 μM) were weak tonic blockers of Cav2.1-mediated barium currents (IBa) during infrequent depolarizations (0.1 Hz), but their inhibitory potency increased at higher stimulation rates (1 Hz), indicating preferential block of open and/or inactivated channels. Sulfur-containing compounds (S-petasin, Iso-S-petasin) were the most potent significantly promoting the accumulation of Cav2.1 channel in inactivated states during pulse trains (IBa decrease during 1-Hz pulse trains: control, 45%, S-petasin, 79%; iso-S-petasin, 80%). For the Eucalyptus williamsiania sesquiterpenes α- and γ-eudesmol, a comparable use-dependent inhibition was found in addition to a tonic block component. α-Eudesmol and petasins accelerated the voltage-dependent inactivation of Cav2.1 channels during depolarizations. We demonstrate that S-petasin, iso-S-petasin, and eudesmol are Cav2.1 channel inhibitors preferentially acting as use-dependent channel blockers and with the sulfur-containing substituent in position 3 of the petasins serving as important functional feature. The Cav2.1-inhibitory properties of these petasins may contribute to migraine-prophylactic properties described for P. hybridus extracts.
On the IO Characteristics of the SQLite Transactions

This work is dedicated to study the IO characteristics of SQLite transaction in Android platform. We collect the block level IO trace from for six months. We develop an elaborate pattern matching algorithm. It allows us to identify the individual SQLite transactions from the raw IO trace, which is essentially an interleaved mixture of IO requests from concurrently running smartphone applications. Among the various observations obtained from the study, we can summarize the key findings as follows. We carefully believe that these deserve special attention. First, SQLite transaction is under extreme inefficiency. In an SQLite transaction, the IO’s for SQLite journaling and EXT4 filesystem journaling account for over 75% of the entire IO volume in a transaction. Second, the suspend and the wakeup feature of the smartphone can leave the SQLite transaction to an extreme delay, a few minutes. Third, in fair number of occasions, the SQLite transactions are being used in inconsiderate manner. We find that a single SQLite transaction inserts 17.5 MByte of data to the database. It turns out to be the operation of initializing the map database. We hope that the findings obtained in this study are bifurcated to various efforts to makes the SQLite related IO more efficient and effective.
OPTIMAL UNIFORM CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS FOR A TWO-DIMENSIONAL PARABOLIC PROBLEM WITH TWO SMALL PARAMETERS

In this paper, we consider a two-dimensional parabolic equation with two small parameters. These small parameters make the underlying problem containing multiple scales over the whole problem domain. By using the maximum principle with carefully chosen barrier functions, we obtain the pointwise derivative estimates of arbitrary order, from which an anisotropic mesh is constructed. This mesh uses very finer mesh inside the small scale regions (where the boundary layers are located) than elsewhere (large scale regions). A fully discrete backward difference Galerkin scheme based on this mesh with arbitrary k-th (k ≥ 1) order conforming rectangular elements is discussed. Note that the standard finite element analysis technique can not be used directly for such highly nonuniform anisotropic meshes because of the violation of the quasi-uniformity assumption. Then we use the integral identity superconvergence technique to prove the optimal uniform convergence O(N−(k+1) +M−1) in the discrete L2-norm, where N and M are the number of partitions in the spatial (same in both the xand y-directions) and time directions, respectively.
Expressiveness of the Abstract Logic Programming Language Forum in Planning and Concurrency

We talk about the expressive power of Forum, an abstract logic programming language recently proposed by Dale Miller. Forum is rich enough to directly express the whole linear logic, and it is a generalization of many existing logic programming languages. In the meantime it retains a pure proof-theoretic view of logic programming. We try to understand and use the set of connectives Forum provides from the perspective of the two diverse areas of planning and of concurrency, which have recently received many attentions by people interested in linear logic. We deene a basic paradigm for planning problems, in the two cases of forward and backward search for a plan. Then we state that Forum interprets in a very natural way these two paradigms. Through examples, we show that in fact we have much more expressive power, in ways that suggest directions in which to extend the basic paradigm. Then we give a convincing interpretation, in a concurrency setting, of Forum connectives. We suggest that the concurrency features are related to the planning ones by a switch in the control mechanism of the computations: \proof as computation" as opposed to \proof search as computation. "
Design of systematic parameter tuning approaches for multiple proportional-resonance AC current regulator

Multiple proportional-resonance (MPR) AC current regulator is widely applied in inverter-interfaced distributed generation (DG) systems for selective grid harmonic and unbalance current compensation due to its effectiveness (i.e. desirable stability and dynamic response) and ease of implementation. However, the parallel MPR controllers interact with each other and create unwanted couplings, which degrades the system's stability and control performance (i.e. tracking). In the literature, most of research works only consider tuning of the control parameters for fundamental current, while few studies are dedicated to the tuning of control parameters for harmonic proportional resonance (PR) controllers and the interactive influences among them are not fully taken into account. Therefore, it is necessary to tune the control parameters for each individual PR controller in a systematic way such that the stability (phase margin) of the whole control system is guaranteed, and at the same time the tracking performance for each individual controller is achieved. In this paper three systematic parameter tuning approaches for MPR current regulator are analyzed and one is identified as optimal practical solution.
Parallel rough set based knowledge acquisition using MapReduce from big data

Nowadays, with the volume of data growing at an unprecedented rate, big data mining and knowledge discovery have become a new challenge. Rough set theory for knowledge acquisition has been successfully applied in data mining. The recently introduced MapReduce technique has received much attention from both scientific community and industry for its applicability in big data analysis. To mine knowledge from big data, we present parallel rough set based methods for knowledge acquisition using MapReduce in this paper. Comprehensive experimental evaluation on large data sets shows that the proposed parallel methods can effectively process big data.
A Strategy for Resource Allocation and Pricing in Grid Environment Based on Economic Model

The market mechanism based on price is imported into the traditional Grid architecture based on hierarchical model, and a Grid architecture based on economic model is constructed. Besides the time and cost, Grid users also concern about the use value of Grid resources. Accordingly, not only a utility function of Grid resource but also a utility function of Grid user having the Cobb-Douglas form is constructed. And the latter can express different preferences and targets of Grid users. The Lagrange method is utilized to solve the optimization problem of utility function. In addition, a strategy for resource allocation and pricing based on utility function optimization is proposed. Finally, performance and efficiency of Grid tasks and resources mapping algorithm proposed in this paper is analyzed through the simulation experiment.
Reasoning about Other Agents: Philosophy, Theory, and Implementation

Drawing on on our work in the area of Distributed Artiicial Intelligence, we propose the rudiments of a view of multiagent reasoning that relates current philosophical intuitions, theoretical foundations, and preliminary implementation. The philosophical position we take is a combination of Daniel Dennett's philosophy of the ladder of per-sonhood (consisting of rationality, intentionality, stance, reciprocity, communication, and consciousness) on one hand, and the utilitarian philosophy of sellsh utility maxi-mization on the other hand. The theories we incorporate are logics of knowledge and belief, which in addressing the multiagent issues can be developed based on a recursive version of the Kripke structure, and the related elds of utility, decision and game theories. Our preliminary implementation, the Recursive Modeling Method (RMM), lets an agent coordinate its actions with the actions of other agents, cooperate with them when appropriate, and rationally choose an optimal form of communication with them.
Anaerobic Growth of Escheuichia coli on Glycerol by Importing Genes of the dha Regulon from Klebsiella pneumoniae

The dha regulon of Klebsiella pneumoniue specifying fermentative dissimilation of glycerol was mobilized by the broad-host-range plasmid RP4 : mini Mu and introduced conjugatively into Escherichia coli. The recipient E. coli was enabled to grow anaerobically on glycerol without added hydrogen acceptors, although its cell yield was less than that of K. pneumoniae. The reduced cell yield was probably due to the lack of the coenzyme-B, ,-dependent glycerol dehydratase of the dha system. This enzyme initiates the first step in an auxiliary pathway for disposal of the extra reducing equivalents from glycerol. The lack of this enzyme would also account for the absence of 1,3-propanediol (a hallmark fermentation product of glycerol) in the spent culture medium. In a control experiment, a large quantity of this compound was detected in a similar culture medium following the growth of K. pneumoniae. The other three known enzymes of the dha system, glycerol dehydrogenase, dihydroxyacetone kinase and 1,3-propanediol oxidoreductase, however, were synthesized at levels comparable to those found in K. pneumoniae. Regulation of the dha system in E. coli appeared to follow the same pattern as in K. pneumoniue: the three acquired enzymes were induced by glycerol, catabolite repressed by glucose, and glycerol dehydrogenase was post-translationally inactivated during the shift from anaerobic to aerobic growth. The means by which the E. coli recipient can achieve redox balance without formation of 1,3-propanedioI during anaerobic growth on glycerol remains to be discovered.
Cytomegalovirus Downregulates IRE1 to Repress the Unfolded Protein Response

During viral infection, a massive demand for viral glycoproteins can overwhelm the capacity of the protein folding and quality control machinery, leading to an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To restore ER homeostasis, cells initiate the unfolded protein response (UPR) by activating three ER-to-nucleus signaling pathways, of which the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)-dependent pathway is the most conserved. To reduce ER stress, the UPR decreases protein synthesis, increases degradation of unfolded proteins, and upregulates chaperone expression to enhance protein folding. Cytomegaloviruses, as other viral pathogens, modulate the UPR to their own advantage. However, the molecular mechanisms and the viral proteins responsible for UPR modulation remained to be identified. In this study, we investigated the modulation of IRE1 signaling by murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and found that IRE1-mediated mRNA splicing and expression of the X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is repressed in infected cells. By affinity purification, we identified the viral M50 protein as an IRE1-interacting protein. M50 expression in transfected or MCMV-infected cells induced a substantial downregulation of IRE1 protein levels. The N-terminal conserved region of M50 was found to be required for interaction with and downregulation of IRE1. Moreover, UL50, the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) homolog of M50, affected IRE1 in the same way. Thus we concluded that IRE1 downregulation represents a previously undescribed viral strategy to curb the UPR.
Experimental Tests of the Dependence of Arthropod Diversity on Plant Diversity

Because a diversity of resources should support a diversity of consumers, most models predict that increasing plant diversity increases animal diversity. We report results of a direct experimental test of the dependence of animal diversity on plant diversity. We sampled arthropods in a well‐replicated grassland experiment in which plant species richness and plant functional richness were directly manipulated. In simple regressions, both the number of species planted ( \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$\mathrm{log}\,_{2}$$ \end{document} transformed) and the number of functional groups planted significantly increased arthropod species richness but not arthropod abundance. However, the number of species planted was the only significant predictor of arthropod species richness when both predictor variables were included in ANOVAs or a MANOVA. Although highly significant, arthropod species richness regressions had low \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$R^{2}$$ \end{document} values, high intercepts (24 arthropod species in monocultures), and shallow slopes. Analyses of relations among plants and arthropod trophic groups indicated that herbivore diversity was influenced by plant, parasite, and predator diversity. Furthermore, herbivore diversity was more strongly correlated with parasite and predator diversity than with plant diversity. Together with regression results, this suggests that, although increasing plant diversity significantly increased arthropod diversity, local herbivore diversity is also maintained by, and in turn maintains, a diversity of parasites and predators.
High-performance clock mesh optimization

Clock meshes are extremely effective at producing low-skew regional clock networks that are tolerant of environmental and process variations. For this reason, clock meshes are used in most high-performance designs, but this robustness consumes significant power. In this work, we present two techniques to optimize high-performance clock meshes. The first technique is a mesh perturbation methodology for nonuniform mesh routing. The second technique is a skew-aware buffer placement through iterative buffer deletion. We demonstrate how these optimizations can achieve significant power reductions and a near elimination of short-circuit power. In addition, the total wire length is decreased, the number of required buffers is decreased, and both skew and robustness are improved on average when variation is considered.
The emerging international knowledge exchange barrier in virtual teacher communities

Openness in education has sought its way to practice in schools as in universities. Many strategies and concepts have emerged: from openly shared resources to open practices to improve the access to and the quality of education. The knowledge exchange of educators has been seen a crucial activity in reaching and sustaining openness. This article analyses a typical knowledge exchange activity in schools: European teachers were engaged in virtual OER communities to exchange teaching resources as well as experiences about using OER and ICT in education. We applied technology acceptance framework and studied a potential barrier of international knowledge exchange. The findings of the study show surprising results: the willingness to exchange teaching materials within global virtual teacher communities decreases as schools mature in using OER and ICT. This study serves especially as a discussion opener for sustaining discourse and peer support in teacher virtual communities that strive for openness and international knowledge exchange. The findings have strong practical implications for the open education domain as well as for school / teacher development in general.
Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements

In order to explain fairly simply how expectations are formed, we advance the hypothesis that they are essentially the same as the predictions of the relevant economic theory. In particular, the hypothesis asserts that the economy generally does not waste information, and that expectations depend specifically on the structure of the entire system. Methods of analysis, which are appropriate under special conditions, are described in the context of an isolated market with a fixed production lag. The interpretative value of the hypothesis is illustrated by introducing commodity speculation into the system. 1. INTRODUCTION THAT EXPECTATIONS of economic variables may be subject to error has, for some time, been recognized as an important part of most explanations of changes in the level of business activity. The "ex ante" analysis of the Stockholm School-although it has created its fair share of confusion-is a highly suggestive approach to short-run problems. It has undoubtedly been a
Visualization of social network dynamics using Sammon's projection

Visualization is an important part of network analysis. It helps find features of the network that are not easily identifiable. Visualization dynamics of the network is very useful. Evolution of network and communities during time can help us understand social mechanisms behind the network. Visualization of the dynamics is not an easy task. There are several issues that have to be solved for correct visualization. We present our approach to the visualization of weighted networks based on Sammon's projection and linear approximation. Our goal in this paper is to introduce a method for visualizing dynamics of the social network. Results are illustrated by several 3D layout snapshots of the co-authorship network extracted from the DBLP database.
Semantic-Aware Hot Data Selection Policy for Flash File System in Android-Based Smartphones

Flash memory has different characteristics from traditional hard disk drives. Therefore, the traditional file systems such as EXT4 are not well-optimized for flash memory storage. Recently, a flash memory-aware file system, called F2FS, is announced, which is based on the log-structured file system considering the poor random write performance of flash memory. Although F2FS uses a heuristic for separating hot and cold data, the heuristic is not aware of file type. In this paper, we observe the lifetime of different types of files in Android platform and propose a semantic-aware hot data selection policy for F2FS. Experimental results show that the proposed technique reduces the garbage collection cost by up to 31%.