Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the AFOP/DAFOP Method for Automatic Filtering of EEGs of Patients With Epilepsy

Objective: Further developments in EEG monitoring necessitate new methods of filtering to eliminate artifacts, without transforming relevant signals. This article presents an automatic filtering of EEG recordings, based on a spatio-temporal method called Adaptive Filtering by Optimal Projection or Dual Adaptive Filtering by Optimal Projection. Evaluation of filtering methods is difficult, and comparisons between methods remain a challenge; here, we present a method to score the visual assessment of the EEG. The aim of this study was to evaluate an automatic filtering method, called Adaptive Filtering by Optimal Projection, improved by Dual Adaptive Filtering by Optimal Projection, of EEG recordings of patients with epilepsy. Methods: Two hundred forty-eight nonfiltered EEG segments of 20 seconds each were selected from 35 EEG recordings of 27 different patients by 3 clinical neurophysiologists based on their content. The reading quality as well as the proportions of artifacts and of cerebral activity removed after filtering were evaluated on a scale of 0 to 4. The mean square difference of amplitude before and after filtering was computed in specific spectral band. Results: The artifacts were largely removed (82% for muscular, 72% for ocular, and 71% for electrode artifacts). The readability was improved on an average by two points for pages containing epileptic seizures, and by one point for those containing alpha rhythms, slow waves, and spikes. After filtering, consistency tests showed a consensus (Spearman correlation [0.69–0.79]) on the removal of the artifact versus loss of information. The spectral analysis showed equivalent results (0.16% mean square difference in the alpha band). Conclusions: Our filtering method is effective in removing artifacts without altering relevant signals. The significance is that we evaluated a new automated method of filtering EEG that is easy to use for both for the analysis of routine EEG and in the field of epilepsy at large.
A prospective study of dietary fat consumption and endometriosis risk.

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a prevalent but enigmatic gynecologic disorder for which few modifiable risk factors have been identified. Fish oil consumption has been associated with symptom improvement in studies of women with primary dysmenorrhea and with decreased endometriosis risk in autotransplantation animal studies. METHODS To investigate the relation between dietary fat intake and the risk of endometriosis, we analyzed 12 years of prospective data from the Nurses' Health Study II that began in 1989. Dietary fat was assessed via food frequency questionnaire in 1991, 1995 and 1999. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for total energy intake, parity, race and body mass index at age 18, and assessed cumulatively averaged fat intake across the three diet questionnaires. RESULTS During the 586 153 person-years of follow-up, 1199 cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were reported. Although total fat consumption was not associated with endometriosis risk, those women in the highest fifth of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid consumption were 22% less likely to be diagnosed with endometriosis compared with those with the lowest fifth of intake [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.62-0.99; P-value, test for linear trend (Pt) = 0.03]. In addition, those in the highest quintile of trans-unsaturated fat intake were 48% more likely to be diagnosed with endometriosis (95% CI = 1.17-1.88; Pt = 0.001). CONCLUSION These data suggest that specific types of dietary fat are associated with the incidence of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis, and that these relations may indicate modifiable risk. This evidence additionally provides another disease association that supports efforts to remove trans fat from hydrogenated oils from the food supply.
Automatic Annotation of Machine Translation Datasets with Binary Quality Judgements

The automatic estimation of machine translation (MT) output quality is an active research area due to its many potential applications (e.g. aiding human translation and post-editing, re-ranking MT hypotheses, MT system combination). Current approaches to the task rely on supervised learning methods for which high-quality labelled data is fundamental. In this framework, quality estimation (QE) has been mainly addressed as a regression problem where models trained on (source, target) sentence pairs annotated with continuous scores (in the [0-1] interval) are used to assign quality scores (in the same interval) to unseen data. Such definition of the problem assumes that continuous scores are informative and easily interpretable by different users. These assumptions, however, conflict with the subjectivity inherent to human translation and evaluation. On one side, the subjectivity of human judgements adds noise and biases to annotations based on scaled values. This problem reduces the usability of the resulting datasets, especially in application scenarios where a sharp distinction between good and bad translations is needed. On the other side, continuous scores are not always sufficient to decide whether a translation is actually acceptable or not. To overcome these issues, we present an automatic method for the annotation of (source, target) pairs with binary judgements that reflect an empirical, and easily interpretable notion of quality. The method is applied to annotate with binary judgements three QE datasets for different language combinations. The three datasets are combined in a single resource, called BinQE, which can be freely downloaded from http://hlt.fbk. eu/technologies/binqe.
Control and Cybernetics Control Aspects of the Blackboard Agent Architecture for a Mobile Robot

In the paper, the architecture of a mobile robot cooperating with other robots and some stationary devices in a task of collective perception and world modeling is considered. We present data-driven processing of information performed by an individual robot treated as an agent and we propose to organize it as a set of experts (also treated as agents) exchanging data by means of a blackboard. The roles of particular agents and the structure of the blackboard are described. We analyze the control aspects of the system and the form of control knowledge.
Analysis on the typical failure pattern of structures subjected to the impact of sliding body

Abstract Based on example investigation, this research categorised the failure modes of the column into three typical types, which are one plastic hinge, two plastic hinges and three plastic hinges models, respectively. The first two modes would appear when the sliding body impacted the RC column, while the last mode would occur when the structures are subjected to huge rockfall. Subsequently, the relationship between the critical velocity of sliding body and the properties of the RC column were obtained. To investigate the interaction between a sliding body and a structure, a typical type of RC column was selected for the analysis. The dependence of the critical velocity and the impact angle of the sliding body on the density of the sliding body and the height of the column are determined. It also took the width of the cross section, the ultimate bending moment of the column and the horizontal displacement at the top of the column into consideration. In order to validate the applicability of present model, a case study was enumerated to research the critical velocity and the mass of the rockfall. Meanwhile, sensitivity of parameters, which are the distance between the impact location and the bottom end of the column, and the ultimate bending moment of the column are conducted. In addition, the relationship between the torsional moment of the column and the impact velocity in different impact angles for sliding body and rockfall was also discussed.
High Fidelity of Murine Hepatitis Virus Replication Is Decreased in nsp14 Exoribonuclease Mutants

ABSTRACT Replication fidelity of RNA virus genomes is constrained by the opposing necessities of generating sufficient diversity for adaptation and maintaining genetic stability, but it is unclear how the largest viral RNA genomes have evolved and are maintained under these constraints. A coronavirus (CoV) nonstructural protein, nsp14, contains conserved active-site motifs of cellular exonucleases, including DNA proofreading enzymes, and the severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV) nsp14 has 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) activity in vitro. Here, we show that nsp14 ExoN remarkably increases replication fidelity of the CoV murine hepatitis virus (MHV). Replacement of conserved MHV ExoN active-site residues with alanines resulted in viable mutant viruses with growth and RNA synthesis defects that during passage accumulated 15-fold more mutations than wild-type virus without changes in growth fitness. The estimated mutation rate for ExoN mutants was similar to that reported for other RNA viruses, whereas that of wild-type MHV was less than the established rates for RNA viruses in general, suggesting that CoVs with intact ExoN replicate with unusually high fidelity. Our results indicate that nsp14 ExoN plays a critical role in prevention or repair of nucleotide incorporation errors during genome replication. The established mutants are unique tools to test the hypothesis that high replication fidelity is required for the evolution and stability of large RNA genomes.
Multiscale Parameter Tuning of a Semantic Relatedness Algorithm

The research presented in this paper builds on previous work that lead to the definition of a family of semantic relatedness algorithms that compute a proximity given as input a pair of concept labels. The algorithms depends on a semantic graph, provided as RDF data, and on a particular set of weights assigned to the properties of RDF statements (types of arcs in the RDF graph). The current research objective is to automatically tune the weights for a given graph in order to increase the proximity quality. The quality of a semantic relatedness method is usually measured against a benchmark data set. The results produced by the method are compared with those on the benchmark using the Spearman's rank coefficient. This methodology works the other way round and uses this coefficient to tune the proximity weights. The tuning process is controlled by a genetic algorithm using the Spearman's rank coefficient as the fitness function. The genetic algorithm has its own set of parameters which also need to be tuned. Bootstrapping is based on a statistical method for generating samples that is used in this methodology to enable a large number of repetitions of the genetic algorithm, exploring the results of alternative parameter settings. This approach raises several technical challenges due to its computational complexity. This paper provides details on the techniques used to speedup this process. The proposed approach was validated with the WordNet 2.0 and the WordSim-353 data set. Several ranges of parameters values were tested and the obtained results are better than the state of the art methods for computing semantic relatedness using the WordNet 2.0, with the advantage of not requiring any domain knowledge of the ontological graph.
Suppressed Expression of Autophagosomal Protein LC3 in Cortical Tubers of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by benign tumors and hamartomas, including cortical tubers. Hamartin and tuberin, encoded by the TSC 1 and 2 genes, respectively, constitute a functional complex that negatively regulates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, eventually promoting the induction of autophagy. In the present study, we assessed the induction of autophagy in cortical tubers surgically removed from seven patients with TSC in comparison with five controls of cortical tissue taken from non‐TSC patients with epilepsy. Immunoblotting demonstrated a marked reduction of LC3B‐I and LC3B‐II in tubers relative to the controls. In tubers, strong, diffuse and dot‐like immunoreactivity (IR) for LC3B was observed in dysmorphic neurons and balloon cells, but LC3B‐IR in other neurons with normal morphology was significantly weaker than that in neurons in the controls. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed diffuse distribution of LC3B‐IR within the cytoplasm of balloon cells. The dot‐like pattern may correspond to abnormal aggregation bodies involving LC3. In an autopsy patient with TSC, we observed that LC3B‐IR in neurons located outside of the tubers was preserved. Thus, autophagy is suppressed in tubers presumably through the mTOR pathway, and possibly a pathological autophagy reaction occurs in the dysmorphic neurons and balloon cells.
Function approximation with uncertainty propagation in a VLSI spiking neural network

The brain combines and integrates multiple cues to take coherent, context-dependent action using distributed, event-based computational primitives. Computational models that use these principles in software simulations of recurrently coupled spiking neural networks have been demonstrated in the past, but their implementation in hybrid analog/digital Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) spiking neural networks remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a distributed spiking neural network architecture comprising multiple neuromorphic VLSI chips able to reproduce these types of cue combination and integration operations. This is achieved by encoding cues as population activities of input nodes in a network of recurrently coupled VLSI Integrate-and-Fire (I&F) neurons. The value of the cue is place-encoded, while its uncertainty is represented by the width of the population activity profile. Relationships among different cues are specified through bidirectional connectivity matrices, shared between the individual input node populations and an intermediate node population. The resulting network dynamics bidirectionally relate not only the values of three variables according to a specified relation, but also their uncertainties. When cues on two populations are specified, the standard deviation of the activity in the unspecified population varies approximately linearly with the widths of the two input cues, and has less than 6% error in position compared to the value specified by the inputs. The results suggest a mechanism for recurrently relating cues such that missing information can both be recovered and assigned a level of certainty.
Inferring transcription factor complexes from ChIP-seq data

Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) allows researchers to determine the genome-wide binding locations of individual transcription factors (TFs) at high resolution. This information can be interrogated to study various aspects of TF behaviour, including the mechanisms that control TF binding. Physical interaction between TFs comprises one important aspect of TF binding in eukaryotes, mediating tissue-specific gene expression. We have developed an algorithm, spaced motif analysis (SpaMo), which is able to infer physical interactions between the given TF and TFs bound at neighbouring sites at the DNA interface. The algorithm predicts TF interactions in half of the ChIP-seq data sets we test, with the majority of these predictions supported by direct evidence from the literature or evidence of homodimerization. High resolution motif spacing information obtained by this method can facilitate an improved understanding of individual TF complex structures. SpaMo can assist researchers in extracting maximum information relating to binding mechanisms from their TF ChIP-seq data. SpaMo is available for download and interactive use as part of the MEME Suite (http://meme.nbcr.net).
Inscriptions on Intranets as Information Infastructures - Exposing the Cultivation Chasm

This study explores intranets as information infrastructure and considers critically the stakeholders, who are responsible for updating the intranet, and the associated organisational impact of their activity, in three interpretive case studies. Previous research indicates that web-based information resources are in fact an information infrastructure, which do not occur ‘denouvo’. They ‘wrestle’ with and extend the existing non-technical organisational communication structures, taking on their strengths and weaknesses. As information infrastructures, numerous social arrangements are embedded or inscribed, giving visibility to the Information Infrastructure. This paper explores the nature of these inscriptions and considers either the influence of the IS function (topdown) versus the end-user (bottom-up) contributions. A number of authors propose cultivation as the desirable middleground between top down and bottom-up lead implementations. The findings are discussed from a critical theory perspective by considering the emancipation of the end-user versus domination via the top-down paradigm.
All Activated CD8 T Cells A Transgenic Mouse Model Genetically Tags

2 Identifying and characterizing Ag-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cells are central to the study of immunological memory. Although powerful strategies such as MHC tetramers and peptide-induced cytokine production assays exist for identifying Ag-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T cells, alternate strategies that are not dependent upon a priori knowledge of the immunodominant and subdominant antigenic epitopes, as well as the MHC background of the animal are of obvious utility. In this study, we present a transgenic mouse model that uses Cre- loxP recombination to permanently mark all activated CD8 (cid:1) T cells with (cid:2) -galactosidase. We used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection model to track the dynamics of the antiviral CD8 (cid:1) T cell responses. We show that in this transgenic mouse model system, all of the antiviral effector and memory CD8 (cid:1) T cells are contained within the (cid:2) -gal-marked CD8 (cid:1) T cell population. The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 2393–2401. vigor Ags past. in immunology, the basis of vaccination against disease. in part, memory CD4 T cells crossed ROSA26R mice with the previously described GBC transgenic mice (29) and used the double-transgenic offspring to probe CD8 (cid:1) T cell activation using the LCMV infection model. Data presented in this work demonstrate that there is a high degree of efﬁcacy in this transgenic marking method; all activated CD8 (cid:1) T cells are marked with (cid:2) -gal. We show that following LCMV infection, the population of (cid:2) -gal-marked CD8 (cid:1) T cells generated contains all of the antiviral effector and memory CD8 (cid:1) T cells.
Operating articulated objects with force sensitive mobile manipulators

Here we present an approach to manipulate a range of articulated objects using a mobile robot equipped with a force sensitive robotic arm. Our system is designed to operate based on programmable rough estimates of initial movement or even without any a priori knowledge at all. We use a manipulability criterion in conjunction with active compliance to plan and execute the desired task.
A novel approach to mapping FrameNet lexical units to WordNet synsets (short paper)

In this paper we present a novel approach to mapping FrameNet lexical units to WordNet synsets in order to automatically enrich the lexical unit set of a given frame. While the mapping approaches proposed in the past mainly rely on the semantic similarity between lexical units in a frame and lemmas in a synset, we exploit the definition of the lexical entries in FrameNet and the WordNet glosses to find the best candidate synset(s) for the mapping. Evaluation results are also reported and discussed.
Roles of Human AND-1 in Chromosome Transactions in S Phase*

Coordinated execution of DNA replication, checkpoint activation, and postreplicative chromatid cohesion is intimately related to the replication fork machinery. Human AND-1/chromosome transmission fidelity 4 is localized adjacent to replication foci and is required for efficient DNA synthesis. In S phase, AND-1 is phosphorylated in response to replication arrest in a manner dependent on checkpoint kinase, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein, and Cdc7 kinase but not on Chk1. Depletion of AND-1 increases DNA damage, delays progression of S phase, leads to accumulation of late S and/or G2 phase cells, and induces cell death in cancer cells. It also elevated UV-radioresistant DNA synthesis and caused premature recovery of replication after hydroxyurea arrest, indicating that lack of AND-1 compromises checkpoint activation. This may be partly due to the decreased levels of Chk1 protein in AND-1-depleted cells. Furthermore, AND-1 interacts with cohesin proteins Smc1, Smc3, and Rad21/Scc1, consistent with proposed roles of yeast counterparts of AND-1 in sister chromatid cohesion. Depletion of AND-1 leads to significant inhibition of homologous recombination repair of an I-SceI-driven double strand break. Based on these data, we propose that AND-1 coordinates multiple cellular events in S phase and G2 phase, such as DNA replication, checkpoint activation, sister chromatid cohesion, and DNA damage repair, thus playing a pivotal role in maintenance of genome integrity.
REDUCTION OF BAROTRAUMA IN VENTILATED NEONATES BY INCREASE IN VENTILATION FREQUENCY - FIRST RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE COLLABORATIVE AND RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF TWO DIFFERENT VENTILATORY TECHNIQUES

Two ventilatory techniques were investigated prospectively for the production of extraalveolar air leakage (eal) in a collaborative study from 8 children's hospitals (eal: interstitial emphysema, pneumothorax, -mediastinum, -pericardium, -peritoneum). Ventilated four hours old neonates with normocapnia and an oxygen requirement of 40% or more were entered into the study. Within three gestational age classes (⋜28, 29-30, 31-32 weeks gestation) each subject was randomly assigned either ventilatory technique A or B. A: frequency 60/min, I:E=1:2; ventilation was increased or decreased only by changing ventilatory pressure. B: frequency 30-(40)min, I:E=1:1-(2:1), ventilation could be increased or decreased by changing ventilatory pressure, frequency and (<40 min) I:E ratio (<2:1). Standardized ap chest x-rays were assessed blind for the presence of eal between the 4th and 24th hour of life and on the 3rd, 5th and 7th day of life. A closed sequential test design was used for the statistical analysis.Results: Pairs without eal =13; pairs with eal =16; pairs with eal using ventilatory technique A =10; pairs with eal using ventilatory technique B =25. By 1/4/85 it was possible to say that ventilatory technique A, which meant a higher ventilation frequency and a lower I:E ratio, causes less eal than B with a probability of error less than 10% and close to 5%.
Effect of Melt Overheating Treatment on the Melt Structure and Solidified Structures of Al75Bi9Sn16 Immiscible Alloy

In this paper, the liquid phase separation and solidification process of the Al75Bi9Sn16 immiscible alloy were studied with calorimetric and resistivity methods to make the melt superheated treatment process. The impact of melt overheating treatment (MOT) on the phase constitution and solidification microstructures were investigated using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) to determine the structural sensitivity to the melt superheated degree, and find a new strategy for improving the forming ability of the core-shell structure of the Al75Bi9Sn16 alloy. The results show that: the liquid phase separation and precipitation of primary (Sn) phase occur in 1039K-880K and 460K-403K; the core-shell structure with Sn-Bi-rich core and Al-rich shell can be formed under conventional casting conditions; the melt overheating treatment (MOT) can promote the formation of core-shell structure by increasing solidification time t0 and decreasing the average solidification rate v.