Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dependability evaluation of transient fault effects in reconfigurable compute fabric devices

Reconfigurable compute fabrics (RCFs) are cellular architectures in which an array of computing elements and a configurable interconnection fabric are combined with a general-purpose processor. RCFs can play an important role in safety- or mission-critical applications, provided that a clear understanding of their dependability is available. In this paper, we report an evaluation of the effects induced by transient faults within the resources of an RCF Motorola MRC6011 and we resorted to extensive fault injection to investigate the effects of transient faults
Semi-supervised Learning Applied to Large Data Sets with Very Few Labeled Examples

A Semi-Supervised classification approach, SS-LFL, is proposed. In SS-LFL, some weak binary classifiers, each of which can identify instances of one particular class, are firstly trained on the labeled data, and the whole data set is then clustered into partitions until they are tight and pure enough. SS-LFL alternates between assigning “imperfect-classes” to the unlabeled data in these partitions and constructing the next weak binary classifiers using both the labeled and ”imperfect” data. It works well in large data sets with very few labeled examples, moreover, it neither requires known parametric distributions of data nor participation of an expert. Experimental results carried out on some public datasets collected from the UCI machine learning repository show that SS-LFL is a promising method.
Neuroimage: Clinical Increased Topographical Variability of Task-related Activation in Perceptive and Motor Associative Regions in Adult Autistics

Background: An enhanced plasticity is suspected to play a role in various microstructural alterations, as well as in regional cortical reallocations observed in autism. Combined with multiple indications of enhanced perceptual functioning in autism, and indications of atypical motor functioning, enhanced plasticity predicts a superior variability in functional cortical allocation, predominant in perceptual and motor regions. Method: To test this prediction, we scanned 23 autistics and 22 typical participants matched on age, FSIQ, Raven percentile scores and handedness during a visuo-motor imitation task. For each participant, the coordinates of the strongest task-related activation peak were extracted in the primary (Brodmann area 4) and supplementary (BA 6) motor cortex, the visuomotor superior parietal cortex (BA 7), and the primary (BA 17) and associative (BAs 18 + 19) visual areas. Mean signal changes for each ROI in both hemispheres, and the number of voxels composing the strongest activation cluster were individually extracted to compare intensity and size of the signal between groups. For each ROI, in each hemisphere, and for every participant, the distance from their respective group average was used as a variable of interest to determine group differences in localization variability using repeated measures ANOVAs. Between-group comparison of whole-brain activation was also performed. Results: Both groups displayed a higher mean variability in the localization of activations in the associative areas compared to the primary visual or motor areas. However, despite this shared increased variability in associative cortices, a direct between-group comparison of the individual variability in localization of the activation revealed a significantly greater variability in the autistic group than in the typical group in the left visuo-motor superior parietal cortex (BA 7) and in the left associative visual areas (BAs 18 + 19). Conclusion: Different and possibly unique strategies are used by each autistic individual. That enhanced variability in localization of activations in the autistic group is found in regions typically more variable in non-autistics raises the possibility that autism involves an enhancement and / or an alteration of typical plasticity mechanisms. The current study also highlights the necessity to verify, in fMRI studies involving autistic people, that hypoactivation at the group level does not result from each individual successfully completing a task using a unique brain allocation, even by comparison to his own group.
Computing Graph Distances Parameterized by Treewidth and Diameter

We show that the eccentricity of every vertex in an undirected graph on n vertices can be computed in time n exp O(k*log(d)), where k is the treewidth of the graph and d is the diameter. This means that the diameter and the radius of the graph can be computed in the same time. In particular, if the diameter is constant, it can be determined in time n*exp(O(k)). This result matches a recent hardness result by Abboud, Vassilevska Williams, and Wang [SODA 2016] that shows that under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis of Impagliazzo, Paturi, and Zane [J. Comp. Syst. Sc. , 2001], for any epsilon > 0, no algorithm with running time n^{2-epsilon}*exp(o(k)) can distinguish between graphs with diameter 2 and 3.
Microbial Diversity in a Pilot Plant for Producing Iron Hydroxysulfates

The microbial community of a pilot plant for the production of iron hydroxysulfates by biological oxidation of ferrous iron was studied using molecular techniques. The 16S rRNA gene libraries were dominated by one sequence type, which can be classified phylogenetically to the class of Betaproteobacteria. These bacteria have no close cultivated relatives and were also proved as the dominating species in other mine waters. The microbial community was observed over a period of 18 months using TRFLP to investigate the influence of different process parameters on the composition of the microbial diversity. These studies verified the dominance of the Betaproteobacteria in the pilot plant.
Context-dependent modeling in a segment-based speech recognition system

The goal of this thesis is to explore various strategies for incorporating contextual information into a segment-based speech recognition system, while maintaining computational costs at a level acceptable for implementation in a real-time system. The latter is achieved by using context-independent models in the search, while contextdependent models are reserved for re-scoring the hypotheses proposed by the contextindependent system. Within this framework, several types of context-dependent sub-word units were evaluated, including word-dependent, biphone, and triphone units. In each case, deleted interpolation was used to compensate for the lack of training data for the models. Other types of context-dependent modeling, such as context-dependent boundary modeling and \o set" modeling, were also used successfully in the re-scoring pass. The evaluation of the system was performed using the Resource Management task. Context-dependent segment models were able to reduce the error rate of the context-independent system by more than twenty percent, and context-dependent boundary models were able to reduce the word error rate by more than a third. A straight-forward combination of context-dependent segment models and boundary models leads to further reductions in error rate. So that it can be incorporated easily into existing and future systems, the code for re-sorting N -best lists has been implemented as an object in Sapphire, a framework for specifying the con guration of a speech recognition system using a scripting language. It is currently being tested on Jupiter, a real-time telephone based weather information system under development here at SLS.
Numerical Simulation and Investigation of System Parameters of Sonochemical Process

This paper presents the effects of various parameters that significantly affect the cavitation. In this study, three types of liquid mediums with different physicochemical properties were considered as the cavitation medium. The effects of various operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, initial bubble radius, dissolved gas content and so forth, were investigated in detail. The simulation results of cavitation bubble dynamics model showed a very interesting link among these parameters for production of oxidizing species. The formation of •OH radical and H2O2 is considered as the results of main effects of sonochemical process. Simulation results of radial motion of cavitation bubble dynamics revealed that bubble with small initial radius gives higher sonochemical effects. This is due to the bubble with small radius can undergo many acoustic cycles before reaching its critical radius when it collapses and produces higher temperature and pressure inside the bubble. On the other hand, due to the low surface tension and high vapor pressure, organic solvents are not suitable for sonochemical reactions.
The Spitzer View of Low-Metallicity Star Formation. I. Haro 3

We present Spitzer observations of the blue compact dwarf galaxy Haro 3, with an oxygen abundance of 12 + log(O/H) = 8.32. These data are part of a larger study of star formation and dust in low-metallicity environments. The IRS spectrum of Haro 3 shows strong narrow PAH emission, with high equivalent widths. Gaseous nebular fine-structure lines are also seen. Despite the absence of optical high-excitation lines, a faint high-ionization O IV line at 25.89 μm indicates the presence of radiation as hard as 54.9 eV. A CLOUDY model suggests that the MIR lines originate in two regions: a low-extinction optically emitting region, and an optically invisible one with much higher extinction. The morphology of Haro 3 changes with wavelength. IRAC 4.5 μm traces extended stellar photospheric emission from the body of the galaxy and hot dust continuum coming mainly from star-forming regions, 8 μm probes extended PAH emission coming mainly from the general ISM, MIPS 24 and 70 μm images map compact small-grain warm dust emission associated with active star formation, and 160 μm reflects cooler extended dust associated with older stellar populations. We have derived the optical-to-radio SED of the brightest star-forming region A in Haro 3. The best-fit DUSTY model of the SED gives a total luminosity of 2.8 × 109 L☉ and a mass of 2.8 × 106 M☉ for the ionizing clusters. We infer an extinction AV ≲ 3, intermediate between the optical AV ~ 0.5 and the radio AV ~ 8, consistent with the picture that longer wavelength observations probe more deeply into star-forming regions.
Efficient online learning with Spiral Recurrent Neural Networks

Distributed intelligent systems like self-organizing wireless sensor and actuator networks are supposed to work mostly autonomous even under changing environmental conditions. This requires robust and efficient self-learning capabilities implementable on embedded systems with limited memory and computational power. We present a new solution called spiral recurrent neural networks with an online learning based on an extended Kalman filter and gradients as in real-time recurrent learning. We illustrate its performance using artificial and real-life time series and compare it to other approaches. Finally we describe a few potential applications.
Use of the Fuzzy-Based Taguchi Method for Improving the Yield of BGA Packaging

This study presents the use of fuzzy-based Taguchi method for improving of the yield of the floating device of the ball grid array (BGA) mold chase in the molding process with multiple performance characteristics. The objective of this study was to obtain the maximal pressure of the floating device, minimal processing volume, and minimal processing projected area. The results indicate that the frequency of replacing the appropriate spacer of the mold chase decreased by 75 %, the tolerance of the substrate increased twofold, the utilization rate of the auto-mold machine increased by 12 %, and the production capacity was upgraded to 1.7 kpcs in one day.
[Incidence of complications of thyroid surgery].

BACKGROUND Thyroid surgery presents a low incidence of complications. Death is certainly a rare, or even exceptional event. Hypoparathyroidism, above all if definitive, is the main complication of total thyroidectomy with percentages that very between 0 and 10% in the literature (average 2%). METHODS The incidence of recurrent lesions varies between an improbable 0% to 8%, whereas lesions to the superior laryngeal nerve are relatively frequent, but often undervalued. Dysphagia, although always transient, presents a high risk of pneumonia ab ingestis and severe dehydration. Hemorrhage has an incidence of 0.1-3.8% and infection is reported in approximately 1% of cases. The permanent and recurrence nature of thyroid pathology in literature is between 5 and 11%, resulting from inadequate or sometimes useless surgery. Hypothyroidism is the logical consequence of total thyroidectomy. In the light of these data we have re-examined 300 operations involving thyroid pathology performed by the same team using the same method over the past 4 years (82% females, 18% males). 33% of the cases presented benign euthyroid nodular pathology, 27% hyperfunctioning benign nodular pathology, 2.6% Flajani-Basedow-Graves disease, 9% were adenomas, 7% were differentiated carcinomas, 2% anaplastic carcinomas and 0.7% medullary carcinomas. 99 extracapsular total loboisthmectomies, 135 total extracapsular thyroidectomies and 66 subtotal thyroidectomies were performed. RESULTS The following complications were observed: 31/300 symptomatic hypocalcemias of which 25 were transient and 6 (2%) were definitive but easily controlled with treatment; 9 recurrent monoplegias out of 501 isolated recurrent forms of which 4 (0.8%) was permanent; 5/300 (1.7%) postoperative dysphagias associated with recurrent monoplegia in 4 cases. Damage to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was suspected in 11/300 cases (3.7%). Postoperative hemorrhage occurred with an incidence of 1.3%, whereas the incidence of wound infection and serous collection was 1.7%. Moreover, persistent hyperthyroidism after subtotal bilateral thyroidectomy was observed secondary to toxic plurinodular struma. A case of paralysis of the right ulnar nerve, when the arm was adducted, was observed on the operating table, but regressed after about 4 months. Mortality was zero. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid surgery is still hampered by a relatively low percentage of complications, which are probably still the result of various technical limitations, and it appears difficult to reduce these, let alone eliminate them completely.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and mutations in the EGFR signaling pathway in correlation with anti-EGFR therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

UNLABELLED Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important therapeutic target and a poor prognosis factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of the study was to analyze EGFR expression and KRAS and EGFR mutational status and to correlate it with treatment response to anti-EGFR therapy combined with radiotherapy in 29 patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). EGFR gene expression normalized to GAPDH and EGFR variant type III (EGFRvIII) was detected in tumor tissue using real time reverse transcription -PCR. The mutational status of the EGFR and KRAS genes was investigated by real time PCR with sequence specific primers.Gene expression median values were 3.1x10(8) GAPDH gene copies per µg of RNA, and 8x10(6) EGFR gene copies per µg of RNA. The median EGFR/GADPH ratio reached 0.14. Patients, who achieved complete response after Cetuximab combined with radiotherapy, had significantly higher expression of the EGFR gene in tumors than patients with partial remission or patient without treatment response. An EGFRvIII mutation was found in 20.7 % of patients and no association was found between this mutation and treatment response. 27 patients (93.1 %) had an EGFR gene wild type tumor, and deletion in exon 19 was found in two patients with a poor clinical outcome. Most of the patients (82.8%) had a KRAS wild type tumor; a p.Gly12Cys was found in three patients and a p.Gly12Val mutation in one. Presence of a p.Gly12Val mutation in the KRAS gene was associated with an absence of response to treatment. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that KRAS mutation (p.Gly12Val) and somatic EGFR mutation located in exon 19 may contribute to the limited clinical response to therapy with cetuximab + radiotherapy. Higher EGFR gene expression serves as an independent indicator of good clinical response to EGFR-targeted therapy + radiotherapy.
High-quality remission: potential benefits of the melatonergic approach for patients with major depressive disorder

Full remission of symptoms is the goal for the acute treatment of depression, because incomplete remission is associated with poor outcomes including higher risk of relapse and chronicity. The current definitions for remission (e.g. a score of ≤7 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale), however, allow for the presence of residual symptoms of depression even if remission is attained. The focus now is on the quality of remission, that is, ensuring a minimum of such residual symptoms, because the consequences of low-quality remission also include impairment in psychosocial functioning. The most common residual symptoms are sleep disturbances, fatigue, and disinterest. Sleep-associated residual symptoms are particularly common, and are a major concern because most current treatments fail to adequately address sleep disturbances and may even aggravate them. Other side effects of current treatments, such as weight gain and sexual dysfunction, may also reduce the quality of remission. A novel approach to the treatment of depression with agomelatine, a melatonergic MT1 and MT2 receptor agonist and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist, may be an effective treatment that improves the quality of remission, as it combines good efficacy with positive effects on sleep, neutral effects on sexual function, and a favorable side effect profile.
Functionally biarticular control for smart prosthetics

In this paper we introduce the use of force feedback in conjunction with myoelectric control to establish an improved interface for a powered prosthetic limb. The force feedback is delivered through a single-axis exoskeleton worn about the elbow, while the EMG signal is derived from the biceps muscle. This combination is intended to produce a sense of effort in the biceps that is associated with the action of the motorized prosthetic gripper. The method engages both efferent and afferent signals innervating a functional muscle with the aim of realizing a muscle that is effectively biarticular. The controlling muscle spans one joint physiologically and a second, prosthetic joint functionally. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated that force feedback can substitute for vision during grasp and lift tasks.
Assessing Unidimensionality Through LISREL: An Explanation and an Example

Research in MIS often focuses on the relationships among latent variables of interest that cannot be directly measured. Because of potential error in measurement and associated confounding, indirect measurement of latent constructs requires formal assessments of reliability and validity. Without these measures, resultant paths in causal implications may be inaccurate, biased, and unstable. However, even with favorable metrics of validity and reliability, it is still possible for estimated models to be confounded. In many cases, such confounding occurs when a measurement item reflects more than one latent construct, that is, when there is a lack of unidimensionality. This problem can lead to false assumptions regarding the strength of paths between latent constructs and patterns of causality within a nomological network. While assessing unidimensionality is a critically important aspect of validity, it is not always formally tested in MIS research. This tutorial introduces the concept of unidimensionality from a LISREL Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) perspective. Assuming that the underlying data distribution assumptions and model used are correct, the tutorial provides a step-by-step example of how to assess unidimensionality with LISREL. The tutorial also shows how a CFA can detect problematic multidimensional items and the problems that can occur if undetected.
Word from the Guest Editors

This special issue presents the expanded and improved versions of selected papers from a workshop on Formal and Informal Information Exchange in Negotiations. The workshop took place on May 26–27, 2005, at the University of Ottawa. It was designed to bring together researchers who work on various aspects of interaction in negotiations and those who work in Natural Language Processing or Machine Learning, on problems that might be of interest to negotiation specialists. Such problems include sentiment analysis. Recognizing the sentiments that negotiators express in language (for example, in messages exchanged during electronic negotiations) could offer insight into the negotiation process and a glimpse of the changes in feelings throughout the course of the negotiation. While external factors may influence users at any time, it is likely that they will react fairly consistently to the tone of the partner’s messages and offers. Analysis of texts to recognize attitudes, sentiments, and opinions has been receiving more and more attention in recent years. Hearst (1992) proposed direction-based text interpretation to complement topic analysis. Such interpretation showed where a text lies on the axis from opposed to in favor. Later work on sentiment analysis abandoned the continuous axis in favor of a binary view: recognize positive and negative (or favorable and unfavorable) attitudes. Most research has an economic motivation, as a result of companies wanting to monitor the consumers’ satisfaction with their products (Cognitrend,1 Tenorio Research). 2 Opinion recognition may also increase the usefulness of search engines by allowing the user to compare the number and content of positive and negative opinions about a variety of products and services (Das and Chen 2001; Dave, Lawrence, and Pennock 2003; Hu and Liu 2004) or as part of recommender systems which collect, analyze, and summarize user opinions (Tarveen et al. 1997; Mooney, Bennet, and Roy 1998; Tatemura 2000). Hearst (1992) and Sack (1994) propose cognitively inspired models for sentiment analysis. Hearst’s model is inspired by Talmy’s theory of force dynamics (Talmy 1985), which describes the lexical and grammatical expressions of the interaction between two opposing entities—the agonist and the antagonist. Each entity expresses an intrinsic force, tending either toward motion or toward rest. The balance between these forces determines the resulting state of the interaction. In a variation on this idea, the focus is on one entity and on the events that affect it during encounters with other entities. This can be imagined as an entity following a path toward a goal or destination, and meeting barriers or facilitators along the way. This path model is what Hearst applies, with minor modifications, to queries that have a directional component, which imply finding whether an agent or event opposes or is in favor of another event. Sack briefly describes SpinDoctor, a system designed to identify the point