Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social work and the management of complexity in Swedish child welfare services

ABSTRACT This paper elucidates how Swedish child welfare social workers manage complexity co-occuring in the families with which they work and the organisational contexts of practice. Focus groups were held with social workers in three municipalities in Sweden who described work processes generally and in response to a fictitious vignette. The vignette was constructed as a complex family situation to explore how social workers approach complexity when faced with a family with complex needs. Findings showed that social workers are challenged in their everyday work where they are aware of the many needs in a family. They focus on immediate conditions for children while recognising that some problems are less amenable to being solved. However they try to manage complexities related to families as well as the structural conditions of work by sorting, prioritising and oscillating between a child focus and a family service orientation. This paper serves as a necessary reminder of the complexity of social work in the broader area of child welfare and raises further questions about the use of comparative typologies to explain social work practices
Supplementary Materials: Fast and Accurate Content-based Semantic Search in 100m Internet Videos 1.1 Proof and Thus the Solution of the Original Problem Is 1.2 Model Interpretations

Theorem 1. The thresholding and the top-k thresholding results are optimal solutions of Eq.(1) in special cases. Proof. Suppose v ∈ [0, 1] m represents the adjusted m-dimensional representation, and d ∈ [0, 1] m represents the vector fp(D). Define the regularization term g(v; α, β) as: g(v; α, β) = 1 2 β 2 v0, and denote the objective function value of Eq.(1) in the paper as E(v, β). Then the optimization problem (1) without constraint is reformulated as: min v E(v, β) = 1 2 v − d 2 2 + 1 2 β 2 v0 = 1 2 m i=1 (vi − di) 2 + β 2 |vi|0. It is easy to see that this optimization can be decomposed into m sub-optimization problems for i = 1, 2, · · · , m as min v E(vi, β) = 1 2 (vi − di) 2 + 1 2 β 2 |vi|0. (1) For any vi = 0 it holds that |vi|0 = 1 in this case. Thus the minimum of Eq. (1) is obtained at the minimal value of the first term, where v * i = di, and the corresponding optimal objective value is E(v * i , β) = 1 2 β 2. For vi = 0, we have that E(vi, β) = 1 2 d 2 i. It is then easy to deduce that the optimum of Eq. (1) can be calculated at: v * i = di, di ≥ β 0, otherwise, Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Denote the kth largest component of d is d k. Then if we want to get the k-sparse solution of Eq. (1), we just need to set that d k ≤ β < d k+1. Then the solution of (1) keeps top-k largest elements of d while thresholds others to 0. This corresponds the thresholding and the top-k thresholding results. The proof is completed. Theorem 2. The optimal solutions of Eq. (1) (before or after normalization) is logically consistent with …
A Study on Effect of Social support on Baby boomer’s Entrepreneurial Opportunity Competence: Focusing on Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

This study analyzed the effects of social support on entrepreneurial opportunity competence for Baby boomer (born in 1955-1963), focusing on mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The governmental start-up policy and entrepreneurship education are mostly conducted for the college students and young generation mainly through such programs as the youth start-up school. In addition, studies on the effects of social support and institutional support on the entrepreneurial intention of young generation entrepreneurs are being actively pursued. Meanwhile, the study for baby boomers is on the welfare side mainly. Although they are starting to make their living-based business without prior careful preparation for their livelihood after retirement, while there is little study on the effect of social support for this baby boomer on entrepreneurial opportunity competence needed for opportunistic entrepreneurship. Therefore, in this study, in order to investigate the effect of social support on Baby boomer’s entrepreneurial opportunity competence, an empirical analysis of the 387 questionnaires collected by the baby boomers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces were conducted. As a result of analysis, First, Social support has a significant effect on both Opportunity recognition and Opportunity assessment of entrepreneurial opportunity competence. Second, In the effects of social support on self-efficacy were found to be significant in Emotional and Instrument support only on Self-confidence, In Emotional support and Feedback support only on Self-regulated efficacy & Emotional support and Instrument support only on Goal challenge were found to be a significant effect. Third, Self-regulated efficacy and Goal challenge in the Entrepreneurial self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial opportunity recognition were found to be a significant effect. All Self-confidence, Self-regulated efficacy & Goal challenge in the Entrepreneurial self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial opportunity assessment were found to be a significant effect. Fourth, Indirect effect of social support on entrepreneurial opportunity competence mediated by Entrepreneurial self-efficacy was found to be partially significant.
An adaptive video streaming scheme for a cooperative fleet of vehicles

With the development of vehicular networks, new types of networking services arise for automotive users. Since vehicles have high mobility, it is difficult to keep stable and reliable network connections between vehicles. With regard to multi-media streaming services, a vehicle may not have good QoS of video streaming using a single 3G/3.5G wireless interface. This paper is motivated to investigate the cooperative streaming sce-nario in a fleet-based vehicular network. When a vehicle requests a video stream encoded in H.264/SVC from the Internet using its 3G/3.5G network, it asks for nearby vehicles belonging to the same fleet to download the requested video data cooperatively through these nearby vehicles' 3G/3.5G network and then forward these downloaded video to the requested vehicle through V2V Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) networks. Since the topology of a vehicular network may change dynamically, an adaptive video transmission scheme is utilized to control the sending rate of the server to avoid the congestion of vehicular networks and retransmit the lost video to the requester to improve the quality of video before the playback deadline. We utilize EstiNet Network Simulator and Emulator (NCTUns) to simulate the proposed schemes. Based on the simulation results, the proposed priority first retransmission scheduling (PFRS) can have higher PSNR values in the network condition with lower Bit Error Rates (BER) and the dependency cost retransmission scheduling (DCRS) would have higher PSNR values in the network condition with higher BER.
An Overview of New Techniques and Effects in Model-based Sound Synthesis

Physical modeling and model-based sound synthesis have recently been among the most active topics of computer music and audio research. In the modeling approach one typically tries to simulate and duplicate the most prominent sound generation properties of the acoustic musical instrument under study. If desired, the models developed may then be modified in order to create sounds that are not common or even possible from physically realizable instruments. In addition to physically related principles it is possible to combine physical models with other synthesis and signal processing methods to realize hybrid modeling techniques. This article gives an overview of some recent results in model-based sound synthesis and related signal processing techniques. The focus is on modeling and synthesizing plucked string sounds, although the techniques may find much more widespread application. First, as a background, an advanced linear model of the acoustic guitar is discussed along with model control principles. Then the methodology to include inherent nonlinearities and time-varying features is introduced. Examples of nonlinearities are studied in the context of two string instruments, the kantele and the tanbur, which exhibit interesting nonlinear effects.
Compressed Sensing of Correlated Social Network Data

In this paper, we present preliminary work on compressed sensing of social network data and identify its non-trivial sparse structure. Feature basis learnt from data samples and the inherent sparse structure induced by graphs are combined into a tensor-based sparse representation of high-dimensional social network data. By solving the Tensor Compressed Sensing Problem, we could effectively recover correlated social data from a few samples. An efficient greedy algorithm, called Tensor Matching Pursuit (TMP), is also proposed to handle the computational intractability with big data. We severely test our algorithm and implementations over social network datasets like Twitter, Facebook and Weibo. The results show that our approach robustly outperforms the baseline algorithms and hence in a sense captures the sparsity of social network data better.
Energy-Efficient Localization and Tracking on Smartphones: Design Principle and Solutions

In recent years, various location based services (LBS) have witnessed great development and are being prevalently used in our life. However, as the foundation of various LBS applications, localization consumes large energy of resource-constraint mobile terminals, especially on smartphones. This paper explicitly proposes three technical principles, substitution, adaption and collaboration to guide energy-efficient localization and tracking schemes on smartphones. Then several typical schemes in indoor or outdoor environments are respectively summarized and compared under the umbrella of those three principles. Moreover, the context-assisting techniques are also discussed to design energy-efficient LBS applications. Finally, the quantitative metrics to measure the tradeoff between energy and localization performance are summarized. The primary goal of this paper is to comprehensively classify and provide a summary on the sporadic localization schemes (with energy-efficiency as main concern), possible solutions and tradeoffs, and facilitate to develop and deploy the energy-efficient LBS applications.
Towards hybrid evolutionary algorithms

Metaheuristics have received considerable interest these recent years in the field of combinatorial optimization. However, the choice of a particular algorithm to optimize a certain problem is still mainly driven by some sort of devotion of its author to a certain technique rather than by a rationalistic choice driven by reason. Hybrid algorithms have shown their ability to provide local optima of high quality. Hybridization of algorithms is still in its infancy: certain combinations of algorithms have experimentally shown their performance, though the reasons of their success is not always really clear. In order to add some rational to these issues, we study the structure of search spaces and attempt to relate it to the performance of algorithms. We wish to explain the behavior of search algorithms with this knowledge and provide guidelines in the design of hybrid algorithms. This paper briefly reviews the current knowledge we have on search spaces of combinatorial optimization problems. Then, we discuss hybridization and present a general classification of the way hybridization can be conducted in the light of our knowledge of the structure of search spaces.
Electrodes for Long-Term Esophageal Electrocardiography

The emerging application of long-term and high-quality ECG recording requires alternative electrodes to improve the signal quality and recording capability of surface skin electrodes. The esophageal ECG has the potential to overcome these limitations but necessitates novel recorder and lead designs. The electrode material is of particular interest, since the material has to ensure conflicting requirements like excellent biopotential recording properties and inertness. To this end, novel electrode materials like PEDOT and silver-PDMS as well as established electrode materials such as stainless steel, platinum, gold, iridium oxide, titanium nitride, and glassy carbon were investigated by long-term electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and model-based signal analysis using the derived in vitro interfacial properties in conjunction with a dedicated ECG amplifier. The results of this novel approach show that titanium nitride and iridium oxide featuring microstructured surfaces did not degrade when exposed to artificial acidic saliva. These materials provide low electrode potential drifts and insignificant signal distortion superior to surface skin electrodes making them compatible with accepted standards for ambulatory ECG. They are superior to the noble and polarizable metals such as platinum, silver, and gold that induced more signal distortions and are superior to esophageal stainless steel electrodes that corrode in artificial saliva. The study provides rigorous criteria for the selection of electrode materials for prolonged ECG recording by combining long-term in vitro electrode material properties with ECG signal quality assessment.
Does Facebook Use Predict College Students’ Social Capital? A Replication of Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe’s (2007) Study Using the Original and More Recent Measures of Facebook Use and Social Capital

In 2007 Ellison, Steinfield, and Lampe published an article on the positive association between Facebook use and social capital that started a decade of research on the social outcomes of social network site use. Although cited almost 9,000 times, it received critique on the conceptualization and operationalization of Facebook use and social capital. In this study we replicate Ellison et al.’s study with original and alternative measures of social capital and Facebook use, thereby shedding light on the robustness, stability, and ecological validity of the original findings. We found that Facebook intensity positively predicts the original social capital measures, lending support to the validity of the original findings. Its relationship with structural measures, however, was weak for bridging and absent for bonding social capital.
Low Impact of Avian Pox on Captive-Bred Houbara Bustard Breeding Performance

Avian pox, a disease caused by avipoxviruses, is a major cause of decline of some endangered bird species. While its impact has been assessed in several species in the wild, effects of the disease in conservation breeding have never been studied. Houbara bustard species (Chlamydotis undulata and Chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations declined in the last decades, have been captive bred for conservation purposes for more than 20 years. While mortality and morbidity induced by avipoxviruses can be controlled by appropriate management, the disease might still affect bird breeding performance and jeopardize the production objectives of conservation programs. Impacts of the disease was studied during two outbreaks in captive-bred juvenile Houbara bustards in Morocco in 2009–2010 and 2010–2011, by modeling the effect of the disease on individual breeding performance (male display and female egg production) of 2,797 birds during their first breeding season. Results showed that the impact of avian pox on the ability of birds to reproduce and on the count of displays or eggs is low and mainly non-significant. The absence of strong impact compared to what could be observed in other species in the wild may be explained by the controlled conditions provided by captivity, especially the close veterinary monitoring of each bird. Those results emphasize the importance of individual management to prevent major disease emergence and their effects in captive breeding of endangered species.
Investigating a Novel Thalamo-Amygdala Circuit for the Regulation of a Drug-Cue-Specific Memory

Addiction is a chronic, progressive disorder caused by repetitive drug use, which leads to long-lasting synaptic alterations in the brain. Drugs of abuse are powerful reinforcers that ‘hijack’ specific brain circuits that control reward-motivated behaviors, creating a maladaptive state that can trigger craving and relapse, even after prolonged periods of abstinence. Environmental contexts and cues that are present during drug use can later evoke drug-related memories that promote drug-seeking conditioned responses. Despite recent attempts to treat addiction with a combination of behavioral and pharmacological tools, success has been limited, mainly because the underlying mechanisms that govern drug-associated memories have not been fully elucidated. Studying the neural circuits and the synaptic and molecular underpinnings of drug-associated memories may uncover a means to reduce their salience, thereby reducing the likelihood of relapse. The amygdala is important for integrating sensory information during cue-dependent learning and is activated by both fear- and drug-related stimuli. Preclinical models have shown that the amygdala activates behavioral responses to fear- or drug-conditioned cues. Neuroadaptations within amygdala-based circuits have been examined in models of aversive learning but have not been well studied during reward-based learning, especially in the context of drugs of abuse. The work presented in this dissertation focuses on understanding the circuit-specific synaptic and molecular changes that occur within the amygdala both during the formation of a drug-cue memory and upon subsequent re-exposure to drug-related cues. Through a combination of electrophysiological, molecular, optogenetic, and behavioral techniques we find that repeated self-administration of cocaine, paired with an audiovisual cue, involves strengthening of auditory thalamic, but not cortical, synapses in the lateral amygdala. We also find that reversing drug-cue induced plasticity in this pathway, either through extensive cue re-exposure or by optical induction of postsynaptic LTD, inhibits cue-elicited relapse-like behavior. Finally, we show that specific pharmacological manipulations of an intracellular signaling pathway involved in bidirectional regulation of synaptic activity can interfere with reconsolidation and promote extinction of a drug-cue memory. Together, these studies suggest a projection-specific mechanistic approach for the inhibition of drug-cue memory, which may be informative for future pharmacobehavioral relapse prevention strategies.
Modulation of floral development by a gibberellin-regulated microRNA

Floral initiation and floral organ development are both regulated by the phytohormone gibberellin (GA). For example, in short-day photoperiods, the Arabidopsis floral transition is strongly promoted by GA-mediated activation of the floral meristem-identity gene LEAFY. In addition, anther development and pollen microsporogenesis depend on GA-mediated opposition of the function of specific members of the DELLA family of GA-response repressors. We describe the role of a microRNA (miR159) in the regulation of short-day photoperiod flowering time and of anther development. MiR159 directs the cleavage of mRNA encoding GAMYB-related proteins. These proteins are transcription factors that are thought to be involved in the GA-promoted activation of LEAFY, and in the regulation of anther development. We show that miR159 levels are regulated by GA via opposition of DELLA function, and that both the sequence of miR159 and the regulation of miR159 levels by DELLA are evolutionarily conserved. Finally, we describe the phenotypic consequences of transgenic over-expression of miR159. Increased levels of miR159 cause a reduction in LEAFY transcript levels, delay flowering in short-day photoperiods, and perturb anther development. We propose that miR159 is a phytohormonally regulated homeostatic modulator of GAMYB activity, and hence of GAMYB-dependent developmental processes.
Fourth international workshop on uncovering plagiarism, authorship, and social software misuse

The Fourth International Workshop on Uncovering Plagiarism, Authorship, and Social Software Misuse (PAN10) was held in conjunction with the 2010 Conference on Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access Evaluation (CLEF-10) in Padua, Italy. The workshop was organized as a competition covering two tasks: plagiarism detection and Wikipedia vandalism detection. This report gives a short overview of the plagiarism detection task. Detailed analyses of both tasks have been published as CLEF Notebook Papers [3, 6], which can be downloaded at www.webis. de/publications.
O3-INDUCED ACUTE PULMONARY INJURY IN INBRED MOUSE STRAINS

To determine if host factors influence the time course and extent of lung injury following acute inhalation of ozone (O3), we evaluated the physiologic and biologic response of nine genetically diverse inbred strains of mice (C57BL/6J, 129/SvIm, BTBR, BALB/cJ, DBA/2J, A/J, FVB/NJ, CAST/Ei, C3H/HeJ) exposed to O3 (2.0 ppm × 3 h). Whole lung lavage defined that: 129/Svlm, BTBR, DBA/2J, and FVB/NJ had a peak increase in PMNs at 6 h, whereas C57BL/6J and CAST/Ei at 24 h post-exposure; airway PMNs were minimally elevated in A/J and C3H/HeJ; BALB/cJ had a predominant lymphocytic influx. IL-6 concentration in the lavage fluid was associated with the influx of PMNs, whereas the total protein in the lavage fluid did not always correlate with lavage cellularity. Respiratory responses were monitored using whole body plethysmography and enhanced pause index (Penh). C57BL/6J, BALB/cJ, 129/SvIm, and BTBR were highly sensitive to O3 and exhibited significant increases in Penh to methacholine (MCh) aerosol stimulation at 6 h and 24 h post O3. In contrast, DBA/2J, A/J, FVB/NJ, CAST/Ei, and C3H/HeJ strains had demonstrated increases in sensitivity to MCh at 6 h post, but responses had returned to near baseline by 24 h post O3. Epithelial cell proliferation as assessed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining was evident at 24 h post O3. C57BL/6J and A/J showed 4% PCNApositive cells; 129/SvIm, DBA/2J, and FVB/NJ had 1-3%; and BTBR, BALB/cJ, CAST/Ei, and C3H/HeJ had less than 1%. Phenotypic measurements in six inbred strains were used for an in silico genome analysis based on the Roche mouse database. Consistent loci on chromosome 1, 7, and 15 were among those identified to have a significant association with the phenotypes studied. In aggregate, our approach has identified O3 resistant (C3H/HeJ and A/J) and vulnerable (C57BL/6J and 129/SvIm) strains of mice, and determined novel genomic loci, suggesting a clear genetic basis for the lung response to inhaled O3.