Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Diagnosis of Dementia, Not Behavioral and Psychologic Symptoms, Is Associated With Psychotropic Drug Use in Community-Dwelling Elders Classified as Having Dementia

Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of psychotropic drug use in community-dwelling elders with dementia. Baseline data from 285 community-dwelling elders with a research classification of dementia enrolled in the observational Memory and Medical Care Study were analyzed. Of these, 33.3% with a research classification of dementia were clinically diagnosed, 28.8% used at least 1 psychotropic drug, and 61.8% had at least 1 behavioral or psychologic symptom of dementia. Presence of a behavioral or psychologic symptom of dementia was associated with a higher likelihood of a clinical diagnosis of dementia. A clinical diagnosis of dementia, not a behavioral or psychologic symptom of dementia, was associated with psychotropics use. Clinical recognition of dementia appears to be an intermediate step between presence of symptoms of dementia and the prescription of psychotropics. Most community-dwelling elders meeting the research criteria for dementia were not clinically diagnosed, despite contact with a physician (89%) in the previous year. (J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2007;20:100-106)
Expression of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus capsid proteins by a recombinant vaccinia virus: self-assembly of capsid proteins into particles

A portion of a cDNA clone containing coding sequences for both structural proteins (VP1 and VP2) of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) was inserted into recombinant vaccinia viruses, VV:ADSP. Immunohistochemical staining of VV:ADSP-infected cells revealed that the ADV antigen was readily detected and localized in the nuclei of infected cells. Analysis of VV:ADSP-infected cell lystates indicated that both VP1 and VP2 were produced and comigrated with authentic VP1 and VP2 from ADV-infected Crandell feline kidney cells. These results suggested, therefore, that both VP1 and VP2 were synthesized from a single cloned transcript. CsCl density gradient centrifugation of partially purified VV:ADSP-infected cell lysates indicated that the majority of the antigen was located in a fraction with a density near 1.33 g/ml, indicative of empty ADV particles. Subsequent electron microscopic examination revealed the presence of 27-nm icosahedral virion-like structures at the same density, suggesting that the proteins self-assembled into empty virions. Furthermore, sera from eight of eight mice inoculated with VV:ADSP contained ADV-specific antibodies and two of these eight serum samples had neutralizing activity, indicating that the particles produced in VV:ADSP-infected cells were immunogenic. Finally, when lysates from VV:ADSP-infected cells were compared with standard ADV antigens in counterimmunoelectrophoresis assays, a similar pattern of specific reactivity was observed for sera from normal and infected mink.
Monoaminergic Modulation of Motor Cortex Function

Elaboration of appropriate responses to behavioral situations rests on the ability of selecting appropriate motor outcomes in accordance to specific environmental inputs. To this end, the primary motor cortex (M1) is a key structure for the control of voluntary movements and motor skills learning. Subcortical loops regulate the activity of the motor cortex and thus contribute to the selection of appropriate motor plans. Monoamines are key mediators of arousal, attention and motivation. Their firing pattern enables a direct encoding of different states thus promoting or repressing the selection of actions adapted to the behavioral context. Monoaminergic modulation of motor systems has been extensively studied in subcortical circuits. Despite evidence of converging projections of multiple neurotransmitters systems in the motor cortex pointing to a direct modulation of local circuits, their contribution to the execution and learning of motor skills is still poorly understood. Monoaminergic dysregulation leads to impaired plasticity and motor function in several neurological and psychiatric conditions, thus it is critical to better understand how monoamines modulate neural activity in the motor cortex. This review aims to provide an update of our current understanding on the monoaminergic modulation of the motor cortex with an emphasis on motor skill learning and execution under physiological conditions.
A proximal partially parallel splitting method for separable convex programs

In this paper, we propose a proximal partially parallel splitting method for solving convex minimization problems, where the objective function is separable into m individual operators without any coupled variables, and the structural constraint set comprises only linear functions. At each iteration of this algorithm, one selected subproblem is solved, and subsequently the remaining subproblems are solved in parallel, utilizing the new iterate information. Hence, the proposed method is a hybrid mechanism that combines the nice features of parallel decomposition methods and alternating direction methods, while simultaneously adopting the predictor–corrector strategy to ensure convergence of the algorithm. Our algorithmic framework is also amenable to admitting linearized versions of the subproblems, which frequently have closed-form solutions, thereby making the proposed method more implementable in practice. Furthermore, the worst-case convergence rate of the proposed method is obtained under both ergodic and nonergodic conditions. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is also demonstrated by solving several instances of the robust PCA problem.
Generation of obstacle avoidance behaviors for quadruped robots using finite automaton

An obstacle avoidance method is proposed for quadruped robots by using the combination or switching of fundamental actions, which are composed of four, such as go-straight-on action, detour action, striding action, and climbing-over action. The transition of these actions is described in a finite automaton that is understandable visually in two-dimensional plane for our designer compared to any logical description. The external sensor information, provided by a monocular camera, some ultrasonic sensors and some force sensors, are utilized to change the fundamental actions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with some experiments.
Conductive bridging RAM (CBRAM): an emerging non-volatile memory technology scalable to sub 20nm

We report on the electrical characterisation of nanoscale conductive bridging memory cells, composed of a thin solid state electrolyte layer sandwiched between an oxidizable anode and an inert cathode. Low power resistive switching operation, the large scalability potential including multi-level-capability (MLC) and the investigated reliability aspects, like retention at elevated temperature, operating temperature and endurance, make CBRAM a very promising non-volatile emerging memory technology
Age of Inoculum Strongly Influences Persister Frequency and Can Mask Effects of Mutations Implicated in Altered Persistence

ABSTRACT The majority of cells transferred from stationary-phase culture into fresh medium resume growth quickly, while a few remain in a nongrowing state for longer. These temporarily nonproliferating bacteria are tolerant of several bactericidal antibiotics and constitute a main source of persisters. Several genes have been shown to influence the frequency of persisters in Escherichia coli, although the exact mechanism underlying persister formation is unknown. This study demonstrates that the frequency of persisters is highly dependent on the age of the inoculum and the medium in which it has been grown. The hipA7 mutant had 1,000 times more persisters than the wild type when inocula were sampled from younger stationary-phase cultures. When started after a long stationary phase, the two displayed equal and elevated persister frequencies. The lower persister frequencies of glpD, dnaJ, and surA knockout strains were increased to the level of the wild type when inocula aged. The mqsR and phoU deletions showed decreased persister levels only when the inocula were from aged cultures, while sucB and ygfA deletions had decreased persister levels irrespective of the age of the inocula. A dependency on culture conditions underlines the notion that during screening for mutants with altered persister frequencies, the exact experimental details are of great importance. Unlike ampicillin and norfloxacin, which always leave a fraction of bacteria alive, amikacin killed all cells in the growth resumption experiment. It was concluded that the frequency of persisters depends on the conditions of inoculum cultivation, particularly its age, and the choice of antibiotic.
Implementation of Reliability Centred Maintenance for transformer

Competitive power and deregulated market places utilities are under high pressure to assure power with a satisfactory level of supply continuity. This objective entails a high level of reliability which in turn demands a high quality of supply for design, operation, and maintenance. Therefore, the need for utilities to balance these factors has become the focus point of a utility's asset management plans & activities. The transformer being the most important asset requires special attention when it comes to reliability Maintenance is a key aspect of asset management. RCM is a unique tool used for developing optimum maintenance plans which define requirements and tasks to be performed in achieving, restoring or maintaining the operational capability of a system or equipment. The methodologies of RCM principles are most useful in various industries like utilities and transmission companies.
Effects of Lanthanide Chlorides on Selected Enzymes

Summary Lactate, isocitrate, malate, glu-tamate, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydro-genases and aldolase were examined in the absence and presence of 9 lanthanide chlorides. All these enzymes were inhibited, although not to the same extent. The forward direction of the glutamate dehydrogenase reaction (glutamate deamination) apparently is not sensitive to the lanthanides, although marked inhibition is observed when a-ketoglu-tarate is substrate (reverse direction). The results reveal that all the lanthanides tested (atomic numbers 57-71) can inhibit enzymes sensitive to metals, whereas the fatty-liver response in vivo is elicited only by lanthanides with atomic numbers 57-62. The experimental data reveal that lanthanide inhibition in vitro is probably a typical heavy-metal effect.
Running head : STUDENTS , PROFESSIONALS , AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION Linkage Analysis in Cases of Serial Burglary : Comparing the Performance of University Students , Police Professionals , and a Logistic Regression Model

University students, police professionals, and a logistic regression model were provided with information on 38 pairs of burglaries, 20% of which were committed by the same offender, in order to examine their ability to accurately identify linked serial burglaries. For each offense pair, the information included: (1) the offense locations as points on a map, (2) the distance (in km) between the two offenses, (3) entry methods, (4) target characteristics, and (5) property stolen. Half of the participants received training informing them that the likelihood of two offenses being committed by the same offender increases as the distance between the offenses decreases. Results showed that students outperformed police professionals, that training increased decision accuracy, and that the logistic regression model achieved the highest rate of success. Potential explanations for these results are presented, focusing primarily on the participants’ use of offense information, and their implications are discussed.
Multicell converters: derived topologies

Multicell converters were introduced ten years ago and, over this period, their properties have been thoroughly analyzed. Since then, this concept has lead to some other innovative topologies which are briefly presented in this paper. Different ways to introduce soft switching in multicell converters are investigated. The concept of distributing power over several switches, giving more degrees of freedom and using less passive components, is extended further with the stacked multicell topology. Finally, direct AC-AC converters using the multicell approach are described.
Diversity of Blastocystis Subtypes in Humans

Blastocystis is a widespread parasite which is highly prevalent in humans and many animal hosts in developing countries. It is transmitted mainly by a fecal-oral route. Blastocystis infections are more common in low-income communities, crowded conditions, and places with poor hygiene and sanitation. Currently, 13 or more subtypes (STs) have been identified in humans and animals based on characterization of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. Nine of these subtypes, ST1-ST9, have been detected in humans, with ST1-ST4 being most common. Several studies have revealed that some subtypes of Blastocystis isolated from humans can be observed in animals as well, suggesting that animal-to human or zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis can occur. Differences in subtype distribution of Blastocystis spp. depends on different reservoir hosts, geographical areas, and sources of infection, however, ST3 is the predominant subtype distributed worldwide. Most people with Blastocystis infection are carriers, and the clinical manifestations of symptomatic blastocystosis include gastrointestinal complaints, anorexia, joint pain, skin rash and diarrhea. The pathogenicity of this organism remains unclear and further studies are required for better understanding.
The Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein Affects Myeloid Cell Growth, Differentiation, and Apoptosis

ABSTRACT The promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) gene, which is disrupted in therapy-resistant, t(11;17)(q23;q21)-associated acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), is expressed in immature hematopoietic cells and is down-regulated during differentiation. To determine the role of PLZF in myeloid development, we engineered expression of PLZF in murine 32Dcl3 cells. Expression of PLZF had a dramatic growth-suppressive effect accompanied by accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 compartment of the cell cycle and an increased incidence of apoptosis. PLZF-expressing pools also secreted a growth-inhibitory factor, which could explain the severe growth suppression of PLZF-expressing pools that occurred despite the fact that only half of the cells expressed high levels of PLZF. PLZF overexpression inhibited myeloid differentiation of 32Dcl3 cells in response to granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors. Furthermore, cells that expressed PLZF appeared immature as demonstrated by morphology, increased expression of Sca-1, and decreased expression of Gr-1. These findings suggest that PLZF is an important regulator of cell growth, death, and differentiation. Disruption of PLZF function associated with t(11;17) may be a critical event leading to APL.
Grounding Imperatives to Actions is Not Enough: A Challenge for Grounded NLU for Robots from Human-Human Data

We present a proposal for a Natural Language Understanding method for simple pick-and-place robots which maps utterances to different levels in an action hierarchy. The hierarchy is a graph containing both lower-level action and higher-level goal levels. This attempts to overcome the surprising lack of overt imperative verb forms in natural task-oriented dialogue, which we show to be the case statistically in a human-human corpus. This proposal shifts the task away from mapping utterances to either actions or goals exclusively, and instead allows ﬂexible mapping to both actions and goals during the interaction. We also show how a continuous communicative grounding mechanism is vital for achieving ﬂuid interaction and show how con-ﬁrmations and repairs can refer to both the goal and action levels, and that reliance on these overt signals of understanding alone is inadequate for a natural model.
The establishment of early B cell tolerance in humans: lessons from primary immunodeficiency diseases

Patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) provide rare opportunities to study the impact of specific gene mutations on the regulation of human B cell tolerance. Alterations in B cell receptor and Toll‐like receptor signaling pathways result in a defective central checkpoint and a failure to counterselect developing autoreactive B cells in the bone marrow. In contrast, CD40L‐ and MHC class II–deficient patients only displayed peripheral B cell tolerance defects, suggesting that decreased numbers of regulatory T cells and increased concentration of B cell activating factor (BAFF) may interfere with the peripheral removal of autoreactive B cells. The pathways regulating B cell tolerance identified in PID patients are likely to be affected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and type 1 diabetes who display defective central and peripheral B cell tolerance checkpoints. Indeed, risk alleles encoding variants altering BCR signaling, such as PTPN22 alleles associated with the development of these diseases, interfere with the removal of developing autoreactive B cells. Hence, insights into B cell selection from PID patients are highly relevant to the understanding of the etiology of autoimmune conditions.
ERP Implementation as Design: Looking at participatory design for means to facilitate knowledge integration

ERP system implementations are often problematic leading to numerous problems during and after the introduction. Although user involvement is regarded as an important success factor, the implementation difficulties indicate a lack of under - standing of the process as well as methods and tools to mediate it. We argue that ERP implementations have to be understood as design processes requiring knowledge in - tegration across different domains, and that appropriate activities should be performed to facilitate the knowledge integration. We use an in-depth case study of an ERP im - plementation to support our claim; applying a design perspective shows how knowl - edge integration problems lead to difficulties in the implementation process. Based on these results we discuss different remedies from the participatory design discourse.
Lung consequences in adults born prematurely

Although survival has improved significantly in recent years, prematurity remains a major cause of infant and childhood mortality and morbidity. Preterm births (<37 weeks of gestation) account for 8% of live births representing >50 000 live births each year in the UK. Preterm birth, irrespective of whether babies require neonatal intensive care, is associated with increased respiratory symptoms, partially reversible airflow obstruction and abnormal thoracic imaging in childhood and in young adulthood compared with those born at term. Having failed to reach their optimal peak lung function in early adulthood, there are as yet unsubstantiated concerns of accelerated lung function decline especially if exposed to noxious substances leading to chronic respiratory illness; even if the rate of decline in lung function is normal, the threshold for respiratory symptoms will be crossed early. Few adult respiratory physicians enquire about the neonatal period in their clinical practice. The management of these subjects in adulthood is largely evidence free. They are often labelled as asthmatic although the underlying mechanisms are likely to be very different. Smoking cessation, maintaining physical fitness, annual influenza immunisation and a general healthy lifestyle should be endorsed irrespective of any symptoms. There are a number of clinical and research priorities to maximise the quality of life and lung health in the longer term not least understanding the underlying mechanisms and optimising treatment, rather than extrapolating from other airway diseases.
Emotion-focused family therapy for eating disorders in children and adolescents.

UNLABELLED Family-based therapy (FBT) is regarded as best practice for the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. In FBT, parents play a vital role in bringing their child or adolescent to health; however, a significant minority of families do not respond to this treatment. This paper introduces a new model whereby FBT is enhanced by integrating emotion-focused therapy (EFT) principles and techniques with the aims of helping parents to support their child's refeeding and interruption of symptoms. Parents are also supported to become their child's 'emotion coach'; and to process any emotional 'blocks' that may interfere with their ability to take charge of recovery. A parent testimonial is presented to illustrate the integration of the theory and techniques of EFT in the FBT model. EFFT (Emotion-Focused Family Therapy) is a promising model of therapy for those families who require a more intense treatment to bring about recovery of an eating disorder. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE More intense therapeutic models exist for treatment-resistant eating disorders in children and adolescents. Emotion is a powerful healing tool in families struggling with an eating disorder. Working with parent's emotions and emotional reactions to their child's struggles has the potential to improve child outcomes.
Face replacement in video from a single image

We present a novel system to replace the face in a video with the face of a different person from a single image, where the face is not limited to be in a specific pose, e.g. exactly frontal. There are some systems to replace the face in a video with the face from another image/video, but usually the source face is restricted to certain poses. For example, [Cheng et al. 2009] developed a system to replace the face in a video with another face from a frontal and a profile images. [Dale et al. 2011] replaced the face in a video with a face from another video, where the face pose and lighting in the source and target video must be sufficiently similar. Our system is able to replace the target face with another face of an entirely different pose and animate the new face based on the original speech in the video.
Minimally invasive laminectomy in spondylolisthetic lumbar stenosis.

BACKGROUND Degenerative lumbar stenosis associated with spondylolisthesis is common in elderly patients. The most common symptoms are those of neurogenic claudication with leg pain. Surgery is indicated for those who fail conservative management. The generally accepted recommendation is to perform a laminectomy and a fusion at the involved level. METHODS We reviewed our results for minimally invasive single-level decompression without fusion performed by the senior author in patients with symptomatic lumbar stenosis with spondylolisthesis with no dynamic instability from 2008 to 2011 at a single institution. Outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS), Prolo Economic Functional Rating Scale, and revised Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) at initial presentation and at 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-up time points. RESULTS Records for 28 patients (19 males, 9 females) were reviewed. The success rate, defined as improvement in pain and functional outcome without the need for surgical fusion, was 86%. VAS scores decreased by 6.3 points, Prolo scores increased by 3.5 points, and the ODI decreased by 31% at 1 year. All changes were statistically significant. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive decompression alone can be a reasonable alternative to decompression and fusion for patients with spondylolisthetic lumbar stenosis and neurogenic claudication with leg pain. Decompression without fusion should be considered for older patients and for patients who are not ideal fusion candidates.