Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extraction and characterization of a cytochemically assayable Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase stimulator in the hypothalamus and plasma of man and the rat.

Some physicochemical properties of partially purified hypothalamic material from the spontaneously hypertensive rat, and of plasma from man and the rat, have been characterized using a validated cytochemical bioassay which measures the ability of biological fluids to stimulate fresh guinea-pig kidney glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) after 2 min of exposure to the test substance, as an indication of their ability to inhibit Na+/K+ adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) after 4-6 min of exposure. The G6PD-stimulating activity of both hypothalamic extract and plasma is soluble in water and insoluble in chloroform. During electrophoresis the activity from both sites appears in the same fractions and travels considerably further than lysine. After high-pressure liquid chromatography the activity of hypothalamic extract appears in a discreet fraction which does not absorb u.v. light. The activity of both the hypothalamic extract and plasma survives boiling and acid hydrolysis, but is substantially inhibited by prior incubation with digoxin antibody. From ultrafiltration studies, the substance responsible for the ability to stimulate G6PD appears to have a molecular weight of less than 500. The G6PD-stimulating activity of hypothalamic extracts was destroyed by ashing and by base hydrolysis. The ability of plasma of high activity to stimulate G6PD is considerably increased by incubating at 37 degrees C for 15 min and destroyed by incubation for 45 min. It is concluded that these and several other previously noted similarities suggest that the cytochemically assayable Na+/K+-ATPase-inhibiting/G6PD-stimulating activity in the plasma and hypothalamus may be due to the same ouabain-like substance.
Paradoxes and Possibilities for a 'Green' Housing Sector:

As global and local visions for sustainable living environments are increasingly supported by policies and concrete practices in construction, the building and housing sector is seeking to mitigate its environmental impact as well as assume a greater social responsibility. The overarching policy objectives set to concretize what a sustainable housing development entails, however, tend to rely on equivocal terminology, allowing a varied interpretation by key industry practitioners. Though in line with an ecological modernization paradigm in policy, the promotion of a market-driven environmentalism in housing faces multiple challenges as varying interests and perspectives collide. Supported by empirical findings of a semi-structured interview study conducted with housing developers in a new ‗green' urban district in Goteborg, Sweden, theoretical frameworks surrounding the paradoxical path towards a sustainable housing development are presented. Inconsistencies between outspoken ambitions; social dimensions; and the framing of efficiency in new housing are discussed. Possibilities for the housing sector are given in the recognition of new forms of development, where a systemic perspective is required in the alignment between how industry, policy and the market perceives housing development and what is actually sustainable.
Definition of PKC-α , CDK 6 , and MET as therapeutic targets in triple-negative breast cancer

Authors’ Affiliations: Departments of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Breast Medical Oncology, Pathology, Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, and Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; Departments of General Surgery and Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei 333, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 241, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; and Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
Leaving homelessness and addiction: Narratives of an occupational transition

The aim of this exploratory study was to gain an understanding of occupational aspects of homelessness and of the transition from homelessness. Data were collected through narrative interviews of two formerly homeless women recovering from drug addiction. Data were analyzed using a constant comparative method followed by a narrative analysis. The findings first identified homelessness as a life of high intensity lived within a limited time perspective. Further, for these women homelessness was related to drug addiction, which was experienced at first as a solution to life situations that seemed impossible to handle. Second, the analysis showed how social relationships can strengthen or change the lived plots of the participants. Third, the transition out of homelessness was accomplished through the development and enactment of new lived plots. Finally the analysis showed that life as formerly homeless women was experienced as less intense and as a life that can only partly be controlled. This new life includes a broader time perspective. In the discussion, the relationship between time use and the meaning-making process and possible practical implications of this study are presented.
Nanocompilation for the Cell Matrix Architecture

The Cell Matrix Architecture is a massive array of dynamically self-configurable, uniformly connected, identical computational units. This architecture can enable efficient, practical and powerful evolvable computing on the scale of quadrillions of logic gates. Nanotechnology manufacturing techniques likely will be necessary to produce a device at this scale in the future, with current Cell Matrix research focused on simulation at the circuit layout and switch level. This paper reports on a technique for Nanocompilation, the automatic compilation for such molecular-scale architectures, of high level programming language instructions into a functional Cell Matrix configuration. The focus of this work is on control structures, such as loops and decision statements, memory systems and arithmetic units, which are necessary components of any computer program. The framework of this compiler approach is presented, along with examples of generated circuits, a discussion of design issues, and results of an experimental evaluation.
Radiation therapy for macular degeneration: technical considerations and preliminary results.

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to assess the toxicity and possible benefits from the administration of low-dose external-beam irradiation for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD). The premise of the treatment is that radiation induces regression and/or promotes inactivation of the subretinal neo-vasculature, resulting in reabsorption of fluid and blood thus reducing the risk for further leakage or bleeding, as well as subretinal fibrosis. Clinically, the beneficial effect could be translated into stabilization of visual acuity and prevention of progression of the wet type of ARMD with the possibility for some visual improvement. METHODS AND MATERIALS Allegheny University Hospitals, Hahnemann, Department of Radiation Oncology, treated 278 patients prospectively beginning in January 1995 with low-dose irradiation for wet-type macular degeneration. Two hundred forty-nine patients were treated with a total dose of 14.40 Gy in eight fractions of 1.80 Gy over 10-13 elapsed days, and 27 patients with 20 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction over 12-15 days. The first two patients were treated to a total dose of 10.00 Gy in five fractions of 2.00 Gy. Patients were evaluated at 2-3 weeks and 2-3 months. A percentage (36.7%) of the patients had previously received laser treatments in the study eye, 21.9% once, 5% twice, 9.7% three or more. Subjective visual acuity and toxicity data was collected on all patients. RESULTS At 2-3 weeks after treatment 195 patients (70%) retained their visual acuity without change, 68 patients (24.5%) stated they had improved vision, and 15 patients (4.8%) stated their vision continued to decrease. Two to 3 months after treatment, 183 patients (65.8%) had no change in their vision, 75 patients (27%) had an improvement in their vision, and 20 patients (7.2%) had a decrease in visual acuity. Transient acute reactions occurred in 14 of the 278 patients treated. CONCLUSION Our observations in this group of 278 patients support the conclusion that many patients will have improved or stable vision after treatment with low-dose irradiation for age related wet type macular degeneration.
Ensemble Methods for MiRNA Target Prediction from Expression Data

Background microRNAs (miRNAs) are short regulatory RNAs that are involved in several diseases, including cancers. Identifying miRNA functions is very important in understanding disease mechanisms and determining the efficacy of drugs. An increasing number of computational methods have been developed to explore miRNA functions by inferring the miRNA-mRNA regulatory relationships from data. Each of the methods is developed based on some assumptions and constraints, for instance, assuming linear relationships between variables. For such reasons, computational methods are often subject to the problem of inconsistent performance across different datasets. On the other hand, ensemble methods integrate the results from individual methods and have been proved to outperform each of their individual component methods in theory. Results In this paper, we investigate the performance of some ensemble methods over the commonly used miRNA target prediction methods. We apply eight different popular miRNA target prediction methods to three cancer datasets, and compare their performance with the ensemble methods which integrate the results from each combination of the individual methods. The validation results using experimentally confirmed databases show that the results of the ensemble methods complement those obtained by the individual methods and the ensemble methods perform better than the individual methods across different datasets. The ensemble method, Pearson+IDA+Lasso, which combines methods in different approaches, including a correlation method, a causal inference method, and a regression method, is the best performed ensemble method in this study. Further analysis of the results of this ensemble method shows that the ensemble method can obtain more targets which could not be found by any of the single methods, and the discovered targets are more statistically significant and functionally enriched. The source codes, datasets, miRNA target predictions by all methods, and the ground truth for validation are available in the Supplementary materials.
Relation between brain activation and lexical performance

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to determine whether performance on lexical tasks was correlated with cerebral activation patterns. We found that such relationships did exist and that their anatomical distribution reflected the neurocognitive processing routes required by the task. Better performance on intramodal tasks (determining if visual words were spelled the same or if auditory words rhymed) was correlated with more activation in unimodal regions corresponding to the modality of sensory input, namely the fusiform gyrus (BA 37) for written words and the superior temporal gyrus (BA 22) for spoken words. Better performance in tasks requiring cross‐modal conversions (determining if auditory words were spelled the same or if visual words rhymed), on the other hand, was correlated with more activation in posterior heteromodal regions, including the supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) and the angular gyrus (BA 39). Better performance in these cross‐modal tasks was also correlated with greater activation in unimodal regions corresponding to the target modality of the conversion process (i.e., fusiform gyrus for auditory spelling and superior temporal gyrus for visual rhyming). In contrast, performance on the auditory spelling task was inversely correlated with activation in the superior temporal gyrus possibly reflecting a greater emphasis on the properties of the perceptual input rather than on the relevant transmodal conversions. Hum. Brain Mapping 19:155–169, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Injury-related absenteeism and job satisfaction: insights from Greek and UK data

Most of the literature on absenteeism suggest that absence from work is a complex issue influenced by multiple causes, both of personal and of organizational nature. Job satisfaction has also been identified as one of the factors affecting an employee's motivation to work attendance. There is no universal agreement concerning the relationship between absenteeism and job satisfaction. Some research have found no correlation between these two variables, whereas other studies indicate a weak relationship between these two variables. It has also been suggested that absence and job satisfaction might be more strongly related under some conditions, for instance in the case of blue-collar workers. There is a lack of attention in the literature, however, to injury-related absenteeism, which is a particular type of absenteeism. This paper attempts to fill this gap and examines the effect of job satisfaction on injury-related absenteeism by using Greek and UK data. The empirical results suggest that there is a negative relationship between injury-related absenteeism and job satisfaction. The paper also discusses possible policy measures towards reducing injury-related absenteeism.
Window-chained longest common subsequence: Common event matching in sequences

Sequence data is prevalent, and event processing over sequences is increasingly important in this Big Data era, drawing much attention from both research and industry. In this paper, we address a novel problem, which is to find common event subsequences from two long sequences. This problem is well motivated, with applications in diverse domains. We propose the window-chained longest common subsequence (WCLCS) semantics, and argue that the traditional longest common subsequence (LCS) cannot serve this need. We then devise efficient algorithms to solve this problem by reducing it to a graph problem. We also propose two more methods to improve the performance: one is based on informed search and exploration, and the other is an approximation algorithm with accuracy guarantees. We finally carry out a systematic experimental evaluation using two real-world datasets and some synthetic datasets.
Signal Informatics as an Advanced Integrative Concept in the Framework of Medical Informatics

Summary Objectives: The main objective is to show current topics and future trends in the field of medical signal processing which are derived from current research concepts. Signal processing as an integrative concept within the scope of medical informatics is demonstrated. Methods: For all examples time-variant multivariate autoregressive models were used. Based on this modeling, the concept of Granger causality in terms of the time-variant Granger causality index and the time-variant partial directed coherence was realized to investigate directed information transfer between different brain regions. Results: Signal informatics encompasses several diverse domains including: processing steps, methodologies, levels and subject fields, and applications. Five trends can be recognized and in order to illustrate these trends, three analysis strategies derived from current neuroscientific studies are presented. These examples comprise high-dimensional fMRI and EEG data. In the first example, the quantification of time-variant-directed information transfer between activated brain regions on the basis of fast-fMRI data is introduced and discussed. The second example deals with the investigation of differences in word processing between dyslexic and normal reading children. Different dynamic neural networks of the directed information transfer are identified on the basis of event-related potentials. The third example shows time-variant cortical connectivity networks derived from a source model. Conclusions: These examples strongly emphasize the integrative nature of signal informatics, encompassing processing steps, methodologies, levels and subject fields, and applications.
PAC learning with generalized samples and an application to stochastic geometry

In this paper, we introduce an extension of the standard PAC learning model which allows the use of generalized samples. We view a generalized sample as a pair consisting of a functional on the concept class together with the value obtained by the functional operating on the unknown concept. It appears that this model can be applied to a number of problems in signal processing and geometric reconstruction to provide sample size bounds under a PAC criterion. We consider a specific application of the model to a problem of curve reconstruction, and discuss some connections with a result from stochastic geometry.
Square pulses from an all-polarization-maintained dumbbell-shaped fiber laser

In this paper· we demonstrate a Yb-doped· all-polarization-maintained· dumbbell-shaped fiber laser operating in dissipative soliton resonance regime. A nonreciprocal phase shifter is introduced to a reflective nonlinear optical loop mirror to reduce the self-starting threshold. The duration of the square pulses generated can be adjusted from 207ps to 20.6 ns by increasing pump power. Up to 512 nJ energetic and pulse-breaking-free pulses are obtained. The repetition rate is 3.97 MHz and the corresponding average output power reaches 2.04 W. To the best of our knowledge· this is the first reported DSR pulse in an all-PM dumbbell-shaped fiber laser.
A Preliminary Investigation of the Effect of Social Media on Affective Trust in Customer-Supplier Relationships

We present the preliminary results of an ongoing research aimed at investigating the role of social media in the process of trust building, with particular attention to the case of small-medium enterprises (SME). Our findings show that social media contribute to increase the affective trust more than traditional websites. This result suggests that social media have the potential to enhance the business of SMEs other than large companies, by fostering the affective commitment of customers.
Genetics of HDL regulation in humans

Purpose of review To review gene regulation of HDL-cholesterol and discuss molecular abnormalities in HDL candidate genes that may lead to human pathologic states. Recent findings The inverse association between HDL-cholesterol and vascular disease, especially coronary heart disease, has long been recognized, but understanding gene regulation of HDL in humans gained considerable momentum following the identification of ABCA1 as playing a pivotal role in reverse cholesterol transport. Recent data suggest that potentially important targets for upregulating HDL in humans include upregulators of ABCA1 and APOA1 (e.g. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor and liver X receptor agonists) and downregulators of CETP (e.g. JTT-705). A host of other nuclear receptors under investigation in animal models may advance to human testing in the near future. Summary Disorders affecting HDL metabolism are complex because monogenic disorders causing low HDL do not necessarily correlate with premature vascular disease. To date, pathologic phenotypes have only been deduced among several HDL candidate genes. Understanding the genetic underpinnings associated with variant HDL and reverse cholesterol transport provides an exceptional opportunity to identify novel agents that may optimize this process and reduce vascular event rates beyond currently available LDL lowering therapies.
Validation concepts with ground radars for global precipitation mission during the post launch era

The GPM core satellite will be ready to launch in February 2014, less than 7 months after the end of IGARSS2013 symposium. In the pre-launch era, several international validation experiments such as LPVEX (Light Precipitation Validation Experiment), MC3E (Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment), and IFloodS (Iowa Flood Studies) have already generated a substantial set of measurements that continue to contribute to the development and test of pre-launch GPM algorithms. Following launch, it is expected that GPM ground validation will focus on evaluating precipitation data products, generated by a constellation of GPM satellites as well as assumptions made in algorithms. This paper presents simple concepts of dual-polarization radar observation strategies and products that can be generated for the post launch era of the GPM program, especially when there are satellite overpasses. The use of microphysical retrievals from ground-based radars and in-situ observations for validating the retrievals from space based observations is the main focus of this paper.
Trade-off analysis between timing error rate and power dissipation for adaptive speed control with timing error prediction

Timing margin of a chip varies chip by chip due to manufacturing variability, and depends on operating environment and aging. Adaptive speed control with timing error prediction is a promising approach to mitigate the timing margin variation, whereas it inherently has a critical risk of timing error occurrence when a circuit is slowed down. This paper presents how to evaluate the relation between timing error rate and power dissipation in self-adaptive circuits with timing error prediction. The discussion is experimentally validated using a 32-bit ripple carry adder in subthreshold operation in a 90nm CMOS process. We show a trade-off between timing error rate and power dissipation, and reveal the dependency of the trade-off on design parameters.
Effects of alcohol- and cigarette-use disorders on global and specific measures of cognition in middle-age adults.

OBJECTIVE This study examined the effects of alcohol- and tobacco-use disorders on global and specific cognitive abilities in middle age. METHOD The sample consisted of 118 men and 169 women ranging in age from 31 to 60 years (M [SD] = 43.59 [6.58]). Lifetime diagnoses were determined from a semistructured interview. Information about current levels of alcohol and cigarette use was also collected. A comprehensive neurocognitive assessment measuring global cognition, memory, and executive-functioning abilities was administered. Baseline cognition was estimated from average composite scores of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills school-achievement tests administered from third through eighth grade. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used. Covariates comprised baseline cognition, current depression symptoms, and medication use. RESULTS Lifetime alcohol- and tobacco-use disorders were not associated with cognition among men. Women having a diagnosis of tobacco dependence (according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition [DSM-IV]) performed less well on measures of global cognition and executive functioning. A lifetime diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence was associated with higher working memory among women only. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate few negative effects of alcohol-use disorders on midlife cognition, especially if current consumption is light. Differential susceptibility to the effects of cigarette use on cognition was found with women showing greater deficits in visuospatial abilities, processing speed, and executive-functioning abilities.