Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Machine-Checked Safety Proof for a CISC-Compatible SFI Technique

Executing untrusted code while preserving security requires that the code be prevented from modifying memory or executing instructions except as explicitly allowed. Software-based fault isolation (SFI) or “sandboxing” enforces such a policy by rewriting code at the instruction level. In previous work, we developed a new SFI technique that is applicable to CISC architectures such as the Intel IA-32, based on enforcing additional alignment constraints to avoid difficulties with variable-length instructions. This report describes a machine-checked proof we developed to increase our confidence in the safety provided by the technique. The proof, constructed for a simplified model of the technique using the ACL2 theorem proving environment, certifies that if the code rewriting has been checked to have been performed correctly, the resulting program cannot perform a dangerous operation when run. We describe the highlevel structure of the proof, then give the intermediate lemmas with interspersed commentary, and finally evaluate the process of the proof’s construction.
Semantic priming and verbal learning in current opiate users, ex-users and controls.

This thesis concerns how memory processes and biases may be implicated in substance dependence. The literature review begins by outlining different models of drug dependence and research into cognitive function in addiction. It then outlines the structure of long-term memory, before reviewing and discussing the implications of the limited evidence available for cognitive biases operating in semantic and episodic memory of individuals who are addicted. The review ends by discussing implications for future research and by suggesting additional paradigms that could be used to further investigate the role of memory in addiction. The empirical paper describes a study which investigated semantic priming and verbal learning in current opiate users on a methadone maintenance programme, ex opiate-users in rehabilitation and healthy non-using controls. It is one part of a joint project, the other part having been carried out by a fellow clinical psychology trainee who investigated response inhibition in the same sample population. Both current and ex-users showed preserved semantic priming. Ex-users showed a verbal learning impairment compared with controls, whilst both current and ex-users showed impairment in recalling semantically unrelated words, but intact recall of semantically related words. This may suggest a relative impairment in the ability of opiate users and ex-users to impose structure to unstructured information (e.g. use of mnemonic strategies) and a greater reliance on semantic memory when encoding new information. Providing opiate using clients with highly structured information may be beneficial to intervention. The critical appraisal gives a reflective account of the research process, the study and the treatment implications of the findings.
Improvement in exercise capacity with nitric oxide inhalation in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension.

BACKGROUND Patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) exhibit a poor exercise capacity due to an impaired vasodilatory response of their pulmonary arteries. By causing the pulmonary artery to dilate, inhaled nitric oxide (NO) may allow an increase in exercise capacity in patients with PH. METHODS AND RESULTS On 2 separate days, 3 days apart, 14 patients with precapillary PH (10 primary PH, 4 residual PH after correction of an intracardiac shunt; age, 40+/-12 years; mean pulmonary artery pressure, 60+/-23 mm Hg) performed exercise, with and without inhalation of 20 ppm NO, on a cycle ergometer. The work rate was increased 15 W/min until their symptom-limited maximum, with breath-by-breath gas analysis. Patients were randomly and blindly selected to inhale NO on either their first or second test. Peak exercise load and anaerobic threshold tended to increase, but not significantly. Peak oxygen consumption (f1.gif" BORDER="0">O(2)) and Deltaf1.gif" BORDER="0">O(2)/DeltaW ratio increased significantly, by 18% and 22%, respectively (peak f1.gif" BORDER="0">O(2), 13.6+/-3.6 to 16.0+/-4. 1 mL. kg(-1). min(-1); Deltaf1.gif" BORDER="0">O(2)/DeltaW ratio, 5. 8+/-2.4 to 7.1+/-2.3 mL. kg(-1). min(-1). W(-1); both P<0.01). Peak f1.gif" BORDER="0">O(2) increased >10% in 12 of the 14 patients. However, respiratory quotient at peak exercise decreased from 1. 22+/-0.15 to 1.09+/-0.15 (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Inhaled NO substantially increases oxygen consumption at the same workload during exercise. This finding supports the possibility of ambulatory NO inhalation therapy in patients with precapillary PH.
Indirect Victimization from Terrorism: A Proposed Post-Exposure Intervention

Indirect victimization from media exposure to terrorism manifests in a variety of psychological distress symptoms. Risks for the public inherent in this exposure prompted construction of a post-exposure therapeutic intervention for moderating emotional responses. For empirical rigor, efficacy was tested in a laboratory study in which 168 participants were exposed to a terrorism or nonterrorism media clip and for each exposure type to a therapeutic or control intervention. State anxiety and anger were measured before and subsequent to experimental manipulation. The first hypothesis predicting higher post-test anxiety and anger in the terrorism than the nonterrorism exposure group was confirmed, validating the negative effects of exposure. Testing the efficacy of the therapeutic intervention, the second hypothesis predicting, in the terrorism exposure, lower post-test levels of anxiety and anger in the therapeutic than control intervention group was also confirmed. These results support the utility of integ.
Robust closed-loop control of propofol administration using WAVCNS index as the controlled variable

This paper presents a robust closed-loop strategy for control of depth of hypnosis. The proposed method regulates the electroencephalogram (EEG)-derived WAVCNS index as a hypnosis measure by manipulating intravenous propofol administration. In contrast to many existing closed-loop methods, the control design presented in this paper produces stability and robustness against uncertainty by explicitly accounting for the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) variability between different individuals, as well as unpredictable surgical stimuli that the closed-loop control is required to tolerate. This closed-loop control was evaluated using simulated surgical procedures in 44 patient models whose PK and PD were identified from real clinical data. The controller can deliver consistent and acceptable closed-loop induction and maintenance phase responses for patients with wide-ranging PK and PD differences.
Congruent and Incongruent Semantic Context Influence Vowel Recognition

The influence of sentence context on the recognition of naturally spoken vowels degraded by reverberation and Gaussian noise was investigated. Target words were paired to have similar consonant sounds but different vowels (e.g., map/mop) and were embedded early in sentences which provided three types of semantic context. Fifty-eight normal-hearing, young adults were presented with sentences in which acoustic and semantic cues agreed either weakly (neutral) or strongly (congruent) or the cues strongly disagreed (incongruent). One vowel pair (/ε/-/æ/) was selected to be easier to recognize than the other (/a/-/æ/). Changes induced in the spectra of the vowels by degradation showed that the impact of reverberation combined with noise was quite different from either condition alone. The recognition performance of participants (n = 26) for isolated word stimuli matched the predictions of the frequency analysis. In sentences the recognition of the vowel was strongly influenced by the subsequent context; performance was best with congruent context and worst with incongruent context. The deleterious impact of incongruent context was larger than the helpful impact of congruent context. Incongruent context effects were greatest in noise but were also found in quiet and in reverberation.
From Generation to Generation

The republication of From Generation to Generation-almost half a century after its first appearance in 1956-constitutes a good occasion for a look at the way in which problems of youth and generations developed in contemporary societies. In this brilliant, pioneering effort, different approaches in the social sciences to the analysis of these issues receive close scrutiny. Eisenstadt reexamines these issues by including in this edition several new chapters on this theme.
Quantitative Comparisons of 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Libraries from Environmental Samples

ABSTRACT To determine the significance of differences between clonal libraries of environmental rRNA gene sequences, differences between homologous coverage curves, CX(D), and heterologous coverage curves, CXY(D), were calculated by a Cramér-von Mises-type statistic and compared by a Monte Carlo test procedure. This method successfully distinguished rRNA gene sequence libraries from soil and bioreactors and correctly failed to find differences between libraries of the same composition.
Analisis Runtun Waktu Untuk Meramalkan Jumlah Pasien yang Berobat di Puskesmas Blora

Agar masyarakat Blora dapat berobat di puskesmas dan hidup sehat, maka puskesmas di wilayah Blora perlu meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan kesehatan. Peramalan jumlah pasien merupakan salah satu dasar untuk menentukan rencana peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat ke depannya. Salah satu metode peramalan yang dapat dipergunakan adalah metode peramalan analisis runtun waktu (time series). Software Minitab 14 merupakan salah satu software program pengolahan data statistik yang dapat membantu mempermudah perhitungan peramalan analisis runtun waktu (time series) Tujuan Kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengetahui model analisis runtun waktu yang tepat untuk peramalan jumlah pasien yang berobat di Puskesmas Blora dan selanjutnya diketahui besar peramalan jumlah pasien yang berobat di Puskesmas wilayah Blora pada periode yang telah ditentukan ke depannya. Metode yang digunakan pada Tugas Akhir ini adalah metode Literatur yaitu mengumpulkan, memilih serta menganalisis bacaan yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan yang telah diteliti yaitu mengenai peramalan, analisis runtun waktu dan software Minitab 14. Metode Dokumentasi yaitu mengumpulkan data jumlah pasien yang berobat di Puskesmas wilayah Blora bulan Januari 2006 sampai Oktober 2010. Data dianalisis dengan analisis runtun waktu dan dalam pengolahan datanya dilakukan dengan bantuan program software Minitab 14 Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah diperoleh model ARIMA (1,1,1) sebagai model yang tepat untuk peramalan jumlah pasien yang berobat di Puskesmas wilayah Blora. Hasil peramalan jumlah yang berobat di Puskesmas wilayah Blora tahun 2010 pada bulan November sebesar 3842, bulan Desember sebesar 3850, pada tahun 2011 bulan Januari sebesar 3862, bulan Februari sebesar 3876, bulan Maret sebesar 3891, bulan April sebesar 3907, bulan Mei sebesar 3823, bulan Juni sebesar 3939, bulan Juli sebesar 3955, bulan Agustus sebesar 3971, bulan September sebesar 3987 dan bulan Oktober yaitu sebesar 4003 pasien. Saran yang dapat diberikan kepada pihak Puskesmas Blora adalah agar dapat melakukan tindakan antisipasi terhadap naiknya jumlah pasien yang berobat dengan menambah fasilitas keshatan maupun alat – alat kesehatan. Selain itu, pihak puskesmas juga dapat mengefektifkan tenaga medis yang ada.
Tolerance of Mannitol-Accumulating Transgenic Wheat to Water Stress and Salinity1

Previous work with model transgenic plants has demonstrated that cellular accumulation of mannitol can alleviate abiotic stress. Here, we show that ectopic expression of the mtlD gene for the biosynthesis of mannitol in wheat improves tolerance to water stress and salinity. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Bobwhite) was transformed with the mtlD gene of Escherichia coli. Tolerance to water stress and salinity was evaluated using calli and T2 plants transformed with (+mtlD) or without (−mtlD) mtlD. Calli were exposed to −1.0 MPa of polyethylene glycol 8,000 or 100 mm NaCl. T2plants were stressed by withholding water or by adding 150 mm NaCl to the nutrient medium. Fresh weight of −mtlD calli was reduced by 40% in the presence of polyethylene glycol and 37% under NaCl stress. Growth of +mtlD calli was not affected by stress. In −mtlD plants, fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and flag leaf length were reduced by 70%, 56%, 40%, and 45% compared with 40%, 8%, 18%, and 29%, respectively, in +mtlD plants. Salt stress reduced shoot fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and flag leaf length by 77%, 73%, 25%, and 36% in −mtlD plants, respectively, compared with 50%, 30%, 12%, and 20% in +mtlD plants. However, the amount of mannitol accumulated in the callus and mature fifth leaf (1.7–3.7 μmol g−1 fresh weight in the callus and 0.6–2.0 μmol g−1 fresh weight in the leaf) was too small to protect against stress through osmotic adjustment. We conclude that the improved growth performance of mannitol-accumulating calli and mature leaves was due to other stress-protective functions of mannitol, although this study cannot rule out possible osmotic effects in growing regions of the plant.
A Quantitative Content Analysis of Mercer University Theses

Quantitative content analysis of a body of research not only helps budding researchers understand the culture, language, and expectations of scholarship, it helps identify deficiencies and inform policy and practice. Because of these benefits, an analysis of a census of 980 Mercer University M.Ed., Ed.S. , and doctoral theses was conducted. Each thesis was coded on 10 variables. The descriptive characteristics of the theses, the predictors of the length of the theses, and the predictors of the type of research method used were investigated. The main results were that: (a) the vast majority of thesis authors was female, (b) the number of qualitative theses was on the rise, (c) there were slight variations in research method and length based on location of publication, (d) the page length of M.Ed. theses had been slightly decreasing over time, (e) mathematics instruction was the most frequent subject descriptor of theses, and (f) the proportion of male authors increased over time.
Cohesion-Defective Mutants of Myxococcus xanthus

ABSTRACT Cohesion of Myxococcus xanthus cells involves interaction of a cell surface cohesin with a component of the extracellular matrix. In this work, two previously isolated cohesion-defective (fbd) mutants were characterized. The fbdA and fbdB genes do not encode the cohesins but are necessary for their production. Both mutants produce type IV pili, suggesting that PilA is not a major cohesin.
FFLS: An accurate linear device for measuring synergistic finger contractions

After decades of theoretical study in physiology and neurology communities, the paradigm of muscle synergies is now being explored in rehabilitation robotics as a strategy to control mechanical artifacts with many degrees-of-freedom (DoF) in a simple yet effective and human-like way. In particular, muscle synergies during grasping and in graded-force tasks are of great interest for the control of dexterous hand prostheses. To this end, we have designed and tested a novel device to accurately and simultaneously measure fingertip forces. The device, called FFLS (Finger-Force Linear Sensor), measures the forces applied by the human fingertips in both directions (flexion and extension of index, middle, ring and little finger plus thumb rotation and abduction/adduction). It is suited for several different hand sizes, enforces high accuracy in the measurement and its signal is guaranteed to be linear in a high range of forces (100N in both directions for each finger). It outputs six analog voltages (±10V), suited for processing with a DAQ card.
On Our Mind: Salience, Context, and Figurative Language

How do we learn to produce and comprehend non-literal language? Competing theories have only partially accounted for the variety of language comprehension evoked in metaphor, irony, and jokes. Rachel Giora has developed a novel and comprehensive theory, the Graded Salience Hypothesis, to explain figuative language comprehension. Giora contends that the salience of meanings (i.e., the cognitive priority we ascribe to words encoded in our mental lexicon) has the primary role in language comprehension and production.
Making Templates Rotationally Invariant. An Application to Rotated Digit Recognition

This paper describes a simple and efficient method to make template-based object classification invariant to in-plane rotations. The task is divided into two parts: orientation discrimination and classification. The key idea is to perform the orientation discrimination before the classification. This can be accomplished by hypothesizing, in turn, that the input image belongs to each class of interest. The image can then be rotated to maximize its similarity to the training images in each class (these contain the prototype object in an upright orientation). This process yields a set of images, at least one of which will have the object in an upright position. The resulting images can then be classified by models which have been trained with only upright examples. This approach has been successfully applied to two real-world vision-based tasks: rotated handwritten digit recognition and rotated face detection in cluttered scenes.
HyperSpector: virtual distributed monitoring environments for secure intrusion detection

In this paper, a virtual distributed monitoring environment called HyperSpector is described that achieves secure intrusion detection in distributed computer systems. While multiple intrusion detection systems (IDSes) can protect a distributed system from attackers, they can increase the number of insecure points in the protected system. HyperSpector overcomes this problem without any additional hardware by using virtualization to isolate each IDS from the servers it monitors. The IDSes are located in a virtual machine called an IDS VM and the servers are located in a server VM. The IDS VMs among different hosts are connected using a virtual network. To enable legacy IDSes running in the IDS VM to monitor the server VM, HyperSpector provides three inter-VM monitoring mechanisms: software port mirroring, inter-VM disk mounting, and inter-VM process mapping. Consequently, active attacks, which directly attack the IDSes, are prevented. The impact of passive attacks, which wait until data including malicious code is read by an IDS and the IDS becomes compromised, is confined to within an affected HyperSpector environment.
Factors that Impact the Performance of e-Health Service Delivery System

In the information society, electronic healthcare service (e-health), the new concept of medical treatment, has been introduced to improve health and healthcare. In order to deliver e-Health more efficiently, we focus on the improvement of internal service systems. Based on service blueprinting, we divide the e-Health delivery system into three parts: 1. support processes, 2. intra-organization communication, and 3. contact employees. We hypothesize that a good e-Health support processes in terms of staff training and IT support activities can contribute to higher levels of contact employees' service quality, which in turn improves the quality of customer actions. We are also interested in investigating the role of intra-organizational communication in the e-Health service delivery. Four types of intra-organizational communication in e-Health are identified and their impacts on employee service quality are explored.
Empathy in the Time of Technology: How Storytelling is the Key to Empathy

Will the transhuman technologies that our accelerating future promises enable us to increase our empathy to others? Or will their use decrease our ability to understand ‘the other’ that exists outside our own selves, families, communities and cultures? As the world grows smaller and more connected, humans will grow ever more divergent because of their possession – or not – of a multitude of transhuman technologies, and so the role of empathy grows larger and more important than ever. In theory, sensory/media input stimulates mirror neurons, which enable empathy.Practically, empathy is created through storytelling, which is not only the most successful remote means of creating social empathy, but has actually been the engine of social/cultural liberalization and change. I will demonstrate both the positive and negative affects on empathy through the increasing reliance we have on transhuman media technologies and how I believe storytelling is the key to empathy creation.
TSEMA: interactive prediction of protein pairings between interacting families

An entire family of methodologies for predicting protein interactions is based on the observed fact that families of interacting proteins tend to have similar phylogenetic trees due to co-evolution. One application of this concept is the prediction of the mapping between the members of two interacting protein families (which protein within one family interacts with which protein within the other). The idea is that the real mapping would be the one maximizing the similarity between the trees. Since the exhaustive exploration of all possible mappings is not feasible for large families, current approaches use heuristic techniques which do not ensure the best solution to be found. This is why it is important to check the results proposed by heuristic techniques and to manually explore other solutions. Here we present TSEMA, the server for efficient mapping assessment. This system calculates an initial mapping between two families of proteins based on a Monte Carlo approach and allows the user to interactively modify it based on performance figures and/or specific biological knowledge. All the explored mappings are graphically shown over a representation of the phylogenetic trees. The system is freely available at . Standalone versions of the software behind the interface are available upon request from the authors.