Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of psychoeducational care provided to adults with cancer: meta-analysis of 116 studies.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To determine how educational and psychosocial care provided to adults with cancer affects seven outcomes--anxiety, depression, mood, nausea, vomiting, pain, and knowledge. DESIGN Meta-analysis. SAMPLE 116 intervention studies. A standardized mean difference between a treatment and control group (i.e., an effect-size value) was calculated for 98 studies; for 18 additional studies, it was only possible to code the direction of treatment effect (i.e., whether the treatment or control group had a higher score). Most analyses were limited to the 98 studies from which an effect-size value was obtainable. These studies were published between 1976 and 1993 and were based on data obtained from 5,326 patients with cancer. METHODS A comprehensive literature search yielded more than 20,000 potentially relevant citations that were reviewed. Study, subject, treatment, and outcome characteristics of the studies meeting selection criteria were coded. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Manner of subject assignment to treatment condition; type of control group; publication form; type of psychoeducational care; and the outcomes of anxiety, depression, mood, nausea, vomiting, pain, and knowledge. FINDINGS Statistically significant, beneficial effects were found in relation to all seven of the outcomes. Three threats to validity were examined and were not found to be a problem related to the outcomes examined. CONCLUSIONS Psychoeducational care was found to benefit adults with cancer in relation to anxiety, depression, mood, nausea, vomiting, pain, and knowledge. Differentiating among the effectiveness of various types of psychoeducational care was problematic. To maximize the utility of this knowledge for clinicians, more research is needed to evaluate the relative effectiveness of different types of psychoeducational care. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE A strong research base has established the beneficial effects of psychoeducational care. Clinicians should examine their practice to determine if research-based psychoeducational care is being used sufficiently.
The NeuralBAG algorithm: optimizing generalization performance in bagged neural networks

In this paper we propose an algorithm we call \NeuralBAG" that estimates the set of weights and number of hidden units each network in a bagged ensemble should have so that the generalization performance of the ensemble is optimized. Experiments performed on noisy synthetic data demonstrate the potential of the algorithm. On average, ensembles trained using NeuralBAG out-perform bagged networks trained using cross-validation by 53% and individual networks trained using \cheating"
A Systematic Review of the Impact of Powered Mobility Devices on Older Adults’ Activity Engagement

ABSTRACT Purpose: To systematically review the impact powered mobility devices have on engagement in independent occupations for adults with acquired mobility limitations. Method: Electronic search of CINAHL Plus, Medline, PsychInfo, OT Seeker, Joanna Briggs Institute, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. Search terms included combinations of words to encompass all terms most likely used for powered mobility. Results: Eleven studies were eligible for inclusion. One study was a true experimental design; four studies were pre-experimental, and six were nonexperimental. Studies indicated positive improvements to occupational engagement and independence while environmental barriers were identified as negatively impacting occupation and increasing risk of injury or accident. Conclusions: Drawing conclusions from this research are problematic due to varying methodological quality. This review suggested two distinct themes: environmental barriers generate difficulties and challenges, which can subsequently result in accident or injury, and access to powered mobility impacts positively on areas of independence, quality of life, mobility and engagement.
Chilean School-Age Children Twin Registry: Planning, Sampling and Implications

Abstract We describe subject recruitment from the University of Chile School-Age Children Twin Registry (REMEUCHI). The research aim of REMEUCHI is to quantify the impact of genetic and environmental factors on scholastic achievement in a multicausal approach. The Ministry of Education of Chile, in collaboration with the Registry Office, provided the list of possible twin pairs graduated from high school in 2004 in Chile's metropolitan region. From a population of 70,065 school-age children who had graduated from high school, 434 possible twin pairs were analyzed. Of these, 327 were twins reared together (75.3% of the 434 possible twins pairs) and born between 1986 and 1987 in Chile (mean age 18 years), and approximately 8% were not twins despite matches on full name and birth data. The rest of the possible twin pairs were probably twins reared apart, since one member of the pair had moved to study in another region of Chile. Zygosity was determined through questionnaires, maternal reports of twin similarities, and by the hospital records of the twins at the time of birth. Three hundred and twenty-seven pairs were identified, where monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins represented 46.8% and 53.2% of pairs, respectively, with a DZ/MZ ratio of 1.14. Considering same-sex MZ pairs, the percentage of female pairs was greater (55.6%) than male pairs (44.4%). When DZ pairs were analyzed, 47.7% were of opposite sex, 20.1% were male pairs and 32.2% female pairs. In Chile, these findings represent a baseline study to contribute to the establishment of a national twin registry in the future.
High level circuit synthesis with system level Statistical Static Timing Analysis under process variation

Process variations are of great concern in deep submicron technology. Early prediction of their effects on the circuit performance and parametric yield is extremely useful. Due to the increase of the design complexity in today's SoC chips, a demand for high level design has increased. Therefore, in this paper, we propose the timing analysis model so that the impact of process variations is taken into account during high level synthesis. In experiments, the proposed method have showed very minor variances of 1.67% at the 85% timing yield constraint (TYC) and of 0.26% at the 99% (3σ) TYC, as opposed to Monte-Carlo simulation. In our approach, we consider the spatial and path reconvergence correlations between path delays, set-up and hold time constraints, as well as skew due to process variations.
Alternative Markov and Causal Properties for Acyclic Directed Mixed Graphs

We extend Andersson-Madigan-Perlman chain graphs by (i) relaxing the semidirected acyclity constraint so that only directed cycles are forbidden, and (ii) allowing up to two edges between any pair of nodes. We introduce global, and ordered local and pairwise Markov properties for the new models. We show the equivalence of these properties for strictly positive probability distributions. We also show that when the random variables are continuous, the new models can be interpreted as systems of structural equations with correlated errors. This enables us to adapt Pearl's do-calculus to them. Finally, we describe an exact algorithm for learning the new models from observational and interventional data via answer set programming.
Substitutability between Online Video Platforms and Television

Given the rising popularity of online video platforms in recent years, this study addresses the plausible cannibalization effect of online video platforms on television. It does so by examining the perceived substitutability between online video platforms and television. A national survey revealed differences between online video platforms and television in terms of consumer motivations for video content consumption. Non-users of online video platforms are also more likely than users of online video platforms to perceive online video platforms as a substitute for television.
Control of manufacturing systems with non homogeneous Markov failure processes

In this paper we present a heuristic approach to obtain fast numerical approximate solutions for the problem of optimal control of Markov failure prone production systems with failures dependent on the production rate. If the failure rate is characterized by a linear affine dependence on the production rate, for single machine single part type systems, it has been shown that the problem of minimizing a long term average inventory/backlog cost, is solved by the so called hedging point policy, which is not optimal in the general case. In this paper we give a strategy for approaching the general problem, where the dependence of the failure rate on the production rate is characterized by a very general and significant class of functions. For simplicity we illustrate the proposed approach to single machine, single part type, limited inventory production systems, for which starting results needed to apply the method are available.
The frontiers of magnetic bubble technology

Two areas of major emphasis in the development of magnetic bubble memories are discussed: the effort to increase the bit-packing density and the effort to increase the operating speed of these memories. It is pointed out that increasing the density by scaling down an existing chip design involves consideration of not only lithographic and fabrication problems, but also magnetic materials problems. High density chips may be obtained with at least three different chip configurations: 1) the familiar Permalloy-bar file (PBF) employing T-bar figures, but fabricated with electron-beam lithography and single-level masking; 2) the contiguous-disk file (CDF) which utilizes relatively coarse Permalloy patterns and hence eases lithography requirements; and 3) the bubble-lattice file (BLF) which employs closely packed bubbles with a novel wall-structure data-coding scheme. The relative advantages of these three schemes are compared: the PBF has been developed the farthest and is the only configuration employing single-level masking; the highest density is offered by the CDF if lithography is not the limiting factor, and by the BLF if the achievement of small-diameter bubbles is the limiting factor. Two factors which govern the operating speed of a bubble memory are discussed: the velocity of propagation of a bubble and the organization of the memory so as to achieve the shortest possible access and latency times. Significant progress is being made in the development of bubble materials which support high bubble velocities; this progress is based on understanding of complex changes in wall structure which occur during bubble motion. The advantages of the major/minor loop and coincident-selection organizational schemes in reducing access times and in sharing interconnections and electronics are reviewed. The capabilities of the magnetic bubble memory technology are briefly compared with those of the semiconductor and magnetic disk technologies.
On MIMO capacity with partial channel knowledge at the transmitter

The maximum achievable capacity for a MIMO channel corresponds to the waterfilling solution provided that the transmitter has a perfect knowledge of the channel. In practice, the available knowledge may only be partial due to the time selectivity of the channel and delay of the feedback from the receiver. However, exploiting the partial knowledge leads to a significant improvement when compared to the capacity without any channel knowledge. In this paper, we analyze the MIMO capacity with partial knowledge of the channel under practical frequency flat channel models.
On Writing Educational Ethnographies: The Art of Collusion

Here is an exciting departure from existing volumes on educational research methods. This book focuses on the "writing" of an ethnographic dissertation and provides examples of successful ethnographic studies that have earned PhDs. It is a core reader for students pursuing ethnographic research at Masters, Ed.D or PhD levelProfessor Eve Gregory is Director of Studies in the Department of Educational Studies at London University s Goldsmiths College. The other authors have all been her part-time M.Phil/PhD students and all have used ethnographic methods in their fields of culture, language, literacy and identity. And all three have classroom experience and a fascination for their research topics.The book provides an overview of the value of an ethnographic approach to researching issues of diversity in education and offers models of writing for each stage of the work. The authors relate how each went about writing their study and describe the difficulties they encountered. This makes compelling reading and offers a moving personal and professional rationale for ethnography as a research approach. The result is an excellent model and guide for new researchers, especially inexperienced writers or part-time students such as teachers on how to go about writing M.Phil/PhDs, EdDs, MA or M.Research dissertations.
Nitrate foraging by Arabidopsis roots is mediated by the transcription factor TCP20 through the systemic signaling pathway

Significance Root foraging is a prominent example of phenotypic plasticity where plants proliferate lateral roots preferentially in nutrient-rich zones to compete for nutrients in diverse soil microenvironments. Nitrate (NO3−) is an important source of nitrogen in soils and also serves as a key signal for root development. Our studies demonstrate that the transcription factor TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR1-20 (TCP20) functions in nitrate foraging as an essential part of the systemic signaling pathway that redirects root growth to nitrate-rich zones. An understanding of these molecular mechanisms will assist in efforts to improve nitrogen use efficiency in agriculture and thereby reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution of ecosystems. To compete for nutrients in diverse soil microenvironments, plants proliferate lateral roots preferentially in nutrient-rich zones. For nitrate, root foraging involves local and systemic signaling; however, little is known about the genes that function in the systemic signaling pathway. By using nitrate enhancer DNA to screen a library of Arabidopsis transcription factors in the yeast one-hybrid system, the transcription factor gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR1-20 (TCP20) was identified. TCP20, which belongs to an ancient, plant-specific gene family that regulates shoot, flower, and embryo development, was implicated in nitrate signaling by its ability to bind DNA in more than 100 nitrate-regulated genes. Analysis of insertion mutants of TCP20 showed that they had normal primary and lateral root growth on homogenous nitrate media but were impaired in preferential lateral root growth (root foraging) on heterogeneous media in split-root plates. Inhibition of preferential lateral root growth was still evident in the mutants even when ammonium was uniformly present in the media, indicating that the TCP20 response was to nitrate. Comparison of tcp20 mutants with those of nlp7 mutants, which are defective in local control of root growth but not in the root-foraging response, indicated that TCP20 function is independent of and distinct from NLP7 function. Further analysis showed that tcp20 mutants lack systemic control of root growth regardless of the local nitrate concentrations. These results indicate that TCP20 plays a key role in the systemic signaling pathway that directs nitrate foraging by Arabidopsis roots.
Comparison of short and long axis methods in cardiac MR imaging and echocardiography for left ventricular function.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare long axis and short axis methods in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and echocardiography for the evaluation of left ventricular function and mass. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 15 patients with a history of myocardial infarction and 5 patients with normal ventricular function who were examined with cardiac MRI and echocardiography. Left ventricular function and mass analyses calculated with Simpson's method from short axis images were compared to the results of horizontal long axis, vertical long axis, and combined axes methods. In addition, results obtained from echocardiography were compared to the short axis method in cardiac MRI. RESULTS In the patient group, there was no significant difference between ejection fraction calculated by modified Simpson's analysis in echocardiography and short axis imaging in cardiac MRI. In cardiac MRI, there was significant difference between ejection fractions assessed from both horizontal and vertical long axis images, and those assessed from short axis images. There was no significant difference in both patient and control groups between end-diastolic volume determined from short axis and end-diastolic volume determined by horizontal long axis, vertical long axis, and combined long axes. Significant difference between the patient and control groups was observed in end-diastolic volume calculated by modified Simpson's echocardiographic method. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that there were no significant advantages of simplified MRI techniques over modified Simpson's method echocardiography. Therefore, patients who cannot be evaluated by echocardiography optimally should be evaluated by short axis cine MRI sequence.
Poliovirus 5′-Terminal Cloverleaf RNA Is Required in cis for VPg Uridylylation and the Initiation of Negative-Strand RNA Synthesis

ABSTRACT Chimeric poliovirus RNAs, possessing the 5′ nontranslated region (NTR) of hepatitis C virus in place of the 5′ NTR of poliovirus, were used to examine the role of the poliovirus 5′ NTR in viral replication. The chimeric viral RNAs were incubated in cell-free reaction mixtures capable of supporting the sequential translation and replication of poliovirus RNA. Using preinitiation RNA replication complexes formed in these reactions, we demonstrated that the 3′ NTR of poliovirus RNA was insufficient, by itself, to recruit the viral replication proteins required for negative-strand RNA synthesis. The 5′-terminal cloverleaf of poliovirus RNA was required in cis to form functional preinitiation RNA replication complexes capable of uridylylating VPg and initiating the synthesis of negative-strand RNA. These results are consistent with a model in which the 5′-terminal cloverleaf and 3′ NTRs of poliovirus RNA interact via temporally dynamic ribonucleoprotein complexes to coordinately mediate and regulate the sequential translation and replication of poliovirus RNA.
On the Global Linear Convergence of the ADMM with MultiBlock Variables

The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) has been widely used for solving structured convex optimization problems. In particular, the ADMM can solve convex programs that minimize the sum of $N$ convex functions whose variables are linked by some linear constraints. While the convergence of the ADMM for $N=2$ was well established in the literature, it remained an open problem for a long time whether the ADMM for $N \ge 3$ is still convergent. Recently, it was shown in [Chen et al., Math. Program. (2014), DOI 10.1007/s10107-014-0826-5. ] that without additional conditions the ADMM for $N\ge 3$ generally fails to converge. In this paper, we show that under some easily verifiable and reasonable conditions the global linear convergence of the ADMM when $N\geq 3$ can still be ensured, which is important since the ADMM is a popular method for solving large-scale multiblock optimization models and is known to perform very well in practice even when $N\ge 3$. Our study aims to offer an explanation for.
Developing a Chinese version of an Author Recognition Test for college students in Taiwan

This study set out to develop a Chinese Author Recognition Test (CART) that might be used as a measure of objective print exposure for college students in Taiwan. We found that there is a linkage between print exposure and general reading achievement for college students. We also found that, among self-reported reading habits, comparative reading habits and CART, primary print knowledge scores within the CART family have the strongest prediction power for both the ‘General Scholastic Ability Test-Chinese’ and the ‘Department Required Test-Chinese’ beyond the joint contributions of vocabulary size and reading comprehension. By sharing the process of developing the instrument, we shed some light for researchers from regions other than English-speaking countries on how they might move forward in future investigations.
Vulnerability to depression and emotional processing

Risk factors for depression have long been identified. However, it remains unclear what are the mechanisms whereby these risk factors lead to depression. Therefore the current research examined cognitive and neurophysiological functioning in a sample of high risk vs. low risk never-depressed young adults. Risk for depression was defined by high neuroticism (N) scores on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Results indicated that, compared to low N volunteers, high N volunteers show widespread negative biases across emotional processing tasks, including self-referent words categorization and memory, facial expression recognition, and emotion potentiated startle. The neural substrates of these negative biases were further illustrated by our brain-imaging experiments using fMRI. In these studies, high N is associated with increased neural signals for negative self-referent personality attributes and fearful facial expressions in a distributed network known to be involved in emotional processing, including the fusiform-amygdala circuitry, anterior cingulate, and the superior parietal cortex. By contrast, these neurocognitive biases did not seem to be accompanied by impairments in more global executive function or disturbances in biological response to stress measured by awakening salivary cortisol. Consistent with the idea that emotional processing biases represent key mechanisms underlying vulnerability to depression, our final longitudinal study showed that depression symptoms in high N volunteers were well predicted (up to 91%) at an 18 month follow up by a combination of these negative biases and stressful life events. Taken together, the current investigations therefore suggest that neurocognitive biases in emotional processing are trait vulnerability markers for depression prior to illness onset.
Linkages Between Materialism and Young People's Television and Advertising Exposure in a US Sample

The message to consume appears not only in advertising, but also in much of television content. The present study examines the roles that television exposure, advertising recognition, and family communication play in stimulating materialism in children. We also examine the relationship between materialism and contentedness. A survey administered to 212 children aged 10–14 demonstrated that television exposure, advertising recognition, trust in advertising, and consumer communication each predict materialistic values. Concept-oriented family communication did not moderate the relationship between advertising/television and materialism. Higher levels of television exposure predicted lower levels of contentedness, but materialism was not related to contentedness.