Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MutS mediates heteroduplex loop formation by a translocation mechanism

Interaction of Escherichia coli MutS and MutL with heteroduplex DNA has been visualized by electron microscopy. In a reaction dependent on ATP hydrolysis, complexes between a MutS dimer and a DNA heteroduplex are converted to protein‐stabilized, α‐shaped loop structures with the mismatch in most cases located within the DNA loop. Loop formation depends on ATP hydrolysis and loop size increases linearly with time at a rate of 370 base pairs/min in phosphate buffer and about 10 000 base pairs/min in the HEPES buffer used for repair assay. These observations suggest a translocation mechanism in which a MutS dimer bound to a mismatch subsequently leaves this site by ATP‐dependent tracking or unidimensional movement that is in most cases bidirectional from the mispair. In view of the bidirectional capability of the methyl‐directed pathway, this reaction may play a role in determination of heteroduplex orientation. The rate of MutS‐mediated DNA loop growth is enhanced by MutL, and when both proteins are present, both are found at the base of α‐loop structures, and both can remain associated with excision intermediates produced in later stages of the reaction.
The effect of physiotherapy on knee joint extensor and flexor muscle strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon

Summary Background The aim of this paper is to present the physiotherapeutic program employed at the Rehabilitation Centre for the College of Physiotherapy in Wrocław, Poland and its effectiveness by demonstrating the increase in strength of knee joint extensor and flexor muscles of patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Material/Methods Thirty-seven males participated in the physiotherapeutic program from the first week up to 8 months postoperatively. Each patient underwent an individual therapeutic program. Endoscopic reconstruction of a completely ruptured ACL was performed using Mitek’s method (graft harvesting from flexor muscles). All patients previously underwent orthopedic and functional examinations, including measurements of the range of movement, knee and thigh circumference and strength of flexor and extensor muscles of the involved and uninvolved leg using a Biodex 3 System in both static and isokinetic modes. Results The outcome of the physiotherapeutic procedure, which is detailed in the paper, revealed a favorable effect of physiotherapy 6 months after ACL reconstruction. The observed 9% deficit in extensor muscle strength measured under isokinetic conditions of the involved knees compared with the uninvolved knees led us to conclude that the period of physiotherapy should be extended beyond 6 months for some patients. Conclusions 1. Six months of physiotherapy following ACL reconstruction in males favorably affected muscle strength values of the involved and uninvolved knees under static and isokinetic conditions. 2. The application of individual loads during the sixth month of physiotherapy resulted in similar values of extensor and flexor muscle strength measured under static conditions, and flexor muscle strength measured under isokinetic conditions in involved and uninvolved knees.
Matching under Side Conditions in Description Logics

Whereas matching in Description Logics is now relatively well-investigated, there are only very few formal results on matching under additional side conditions, though these side conditions were already present in the original paper by Borgida and McGuinness introducing matching in DLs. The present paper closes this gap for the DL and its sublanguages
Improving speaker verification using MFCC order

This paper presents a text-dependent speaker verification using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients technique has been used to extract the characteristic from the recorded voice spoken by the user and SVM is used to classify the all models of the speakers and impostors. A Malay spoken digit database is utilized for the training and testing. The aim of this paper is to improve the performance of SVM by selecting the best order of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients. Five types of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients order (5, 10, 15, 20, 25) have been tested and classified using SVM. It is shown that 20th and 25th order of MFCC achieved the best total success rate (TSR) and Equal Error Rate (EER).
Does FDI in Manufacturing Cause FDI in Business Services? Evidence from French Firm-Level Data

This paper uses a large French firm-level data set to evaluate the determinants of location choices in services. In a first step, estimates for four broad services sectors are compared with the estimates for the manufacturing sector. Using a discrete choice model, we find that this framework does fairly well in explaining location choices in services and that the parameter estimates for services are close to the ones for manufacturing. We then investigate whether the similarity in estimated parameters is due to a complementarity between location choices in manufacturing and in services, in the sense that manufacturing location choices may cause the location of services. A particularly appropriate services sector, for this purpose is the business services sector, for which input-output linkages with the manufacturing sector are particularly strong. It is found that the downstream demand of French manufacturing firms has a positive effect on the location choice probabilities of French business services firms. This effect is robust.
Preference Aware Recommendation Based on Categorical Information

Contextual aware matrix factorization has been widely used in recommender systems by learning latent feature vectors of users and items along with contextual information. While most of them add identical bias for each type of side information to represent systematic tendencies in users' rating behaviors, they are not able to capture the preference unique to users or items. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic generative model which allows the bias to vary among different types of users or items. We first use Gaussian Mixture Components to cluster the users (or items) based on corresponding latent feature vectors respectively. Biases are then distributed on these clusters along with categorical side information. Finally, they are jointed with latent feature vectors of the users and items to affect the generation of observed ratings. Experiments on MovieLens-100K and MovieLens-1M data sets have shown promising results compared with state-of-the-art contextual aware recommendation approaches. We also qualitatively analyze the preferences of users and items and demonstrate differences in preference among both users and items.
Model Reduction-Based Control of the Buck Converter Using Linear Matrix Inequality and Neural Networks

A new method to control the Buck converter using new small signal model of the pulse width modulation (PWM) switch is introduced. The new method uses recurrent supervised neural network to estimate certain parameters of the transformed system matrix ( A ~ ). Then, linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization is used to obtain the permutation matrix (P) so that system transformation {( B ~ ), ( C ~ ), ( E ~ )} is achieved. The transformed model is then reduced using the singular perturbation method, and state feedback control is applied to enhance system performance. The eigenvalues of the resulting transformed reduced model are an exact subset of the original (non-transformed full- order system), and this is important since the eigenvalues in the non-transformed reduced order model will be different from the eigenvalues of the original full-order system. The experimental simulation results show that the new control method simplifies the model in the Buck converter and thus uses a simpler controller that produces the desired system response for performance enhancement.
Structural organization of the beta-globin locus of B-haplotype sheep.

Goats and some sheep synthesize a juvenile hemoglobin, Hb C (alpha 2 beta C2), at birth and produce this hemoglobin exclusively during severe anemia. Sheep that synthesize this juvenile hemoglobin are of the A haplotype. Other sheep, belonging to a separate group, the B haplotype, do not synthesize hemoglobin C and during anemia continue to produce their adult hemoglobin. To understand the basis for this difference we have determined the structural organization of the beta-globin locus of B-type sheep by constructing and isolating overlapping genomic clones. These clones have allowed us to establish the linkage map 5' epsilon I-epsilon II-psi beta I-beta B-epsilon III-epsilon IV-psi beta II-beta F3' in this haplotype. Thus, B sheep lack four genes, including the BC gene, and have only eight genes, compared with the 12 found in the goat globin locus. The goat beta-globin locus is as follows: 5' epsilon I-epsilon II-psi beta X-beta C-epsilon III-epsilon IV-psi beta Z-beta A-epsilon V-epsilon VI-psi beta Y-beta F3'. Southern blot analysis of A-type sheep reveals that these animals have a beta-globin locus similar to that of goat, i.e., 12 globin genes. Thus, the beta-globin locus of B-haplotype sheep resembles that of cows and may have retained the duplicated locus of the ancestor of cows and sheep. Alternatively, the B-sheep locus arrangement may be the result of a deletion of a four-gene set from the triplicated locus.
A REVIEW ON INFORMATION REPRESENTAION AND RETRIVAL IN SEMANTIC WEB

: Nowadays, large quantity of data is being accumulated in the data repository. For thousands of years people have realized the importance of archiving and finding information. With the advent of computers, it became possible to store large amounts of information; and finding useful information from such collections became a necessity. The huge increase in the amount and complexity of reachable information in the World Wide Web caused an excessive demand for tools and techniques that can handle data semantically. The current practice in information retrieval mostly relies on keyword-based search over full text data, which is modeled with bag-of-words. However, such a model misses the actual semantic information in text. The purpose of Web mining is to develop methods and systems for discovering models of objects and processes on the World Wide Web and for web-based systems that show adaptive performance. The integration of the two fast-developing scientific research areas Semantic Web and Web Mining is known as Semantic Web Mining. The huge increase in the amount of Semantic Web data became a perfect target for many researchers to apply Data Mining techniques on it. In this paper we study the techniques to represent the semantic web information and semantic web mining.
IR and visible face recognition using fusion of kernel based features

In this paper we present the face recognition method using feature-level fusion where the infrared (IR) and visible face images are fused at transformed domain. The main contribution of this work is the fusion scheme performed at nonlinear transformed domain. We examine two nonlinear face subspaces: Kernel Principle Component Analysis (KPCA) and Kernel Fisherpsilas Linear Discriminant Analysis (KFLD). The IR and visible feature components are extracted by the kernel methods and then concatenated using GA as a tool for optimal fusion strategy. We compare the recognition performance of the fusion scheme in the kernel based subspaces with the single modality of IR and visible based recognition. The experimental results show that the combination of fusion scheme based on real-valued GA and KFLD method appears to be the best at simultaneously handling the drawback of single modality face recognition and the weakness of linear based face subspaces.
Total synthesis of algorithmic chemistries

Algorithmic Chemistries are Artificial Chemistries that aim at algorithms. In this contribution we present a new algorithm to execute Algorithmic Chemistries during evolution. This algorithm ensures synthesizes of the whole program and cuts off execution of unneeded instructions without restricting the stochastic way of execution. We demonstrate benefits of the new algorithm for evolution of Algorithmic Chemistries and discuss the relation of Algorithmic Chemistries with Estimation of Distribution Algorithms.
Building a Funky Interface to a Web Search Engine

Acknowledgements Writing a dissertation is an enormous effort for me. It is my great pleasure to acknowledge the kind support of my supervisor, Dr. Mark Sanderson who provided important attention and time throughout the period of my MSc study. Without his friendly and valuable assistance, my study in Britain would not have been so successful. Most importantly, I am very grateful to my family for their conscientious and continuing support of my study in Britain. Abstract The project presents different views of information seeking models intended for the representation of how people carry out their search in traditional interactive Information Retrieval systems. The aim is to facilitate the understanding of information seeking within the Internet environment by integrating all aspects of information seeking. In detail, a number of characteristics of information seeking on the Web can be drawn, relating to the research of browsing strategies and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Browsing strategies are primarily concerned with the organisation of search tactics/moves in a way to complete a search effectively. HCI is deemed to build a bridge linking users and systems, emphasizing the interactive characteristic of systems. With respect to these points, a study of current web search engines is provided. Taken together they demonstrate a highly interactive information seeking process of the Web. The significance of feedback in interactive systems is addressed, leading to the heart of the project which was to build a web search engine with relevance feedback incorporated, namely the query expansion technique. The project also reports on the software design issues of the proposed web search engine. Efforts have been made on the implementation of the ranking function (i.e. the Point-5 formula) for query expansion within the Internet environment. The project provides a way of dealing with such an issue as well as the limitations of the system. The functional requirements of the prototype are illustrated and an example of a walk through of the interface is shown. Finally, the implications of this study are discussed, suggesting that the incorporation of relevance feedback into a web search engine can improve interactivity to some extent. The concept of searching is described as a process in which people carry out a thorough examination in order to find out something. We seek physical objects such as food and clothes everyday. We also pursue intangible products, which depend on people's understanding and representations. Information with its intangible nature can be manifested …
A Trainable System for People DetectionMichael

This paper presents a trainable object detection architecture that is applied to detecting people in static images of cluttered scenes. This problem poses several challenges. People are highly non-rigid objects with a high degree of variability in size, shape, color, and texture. Unlike previous approaches, this system learns from examples and does not rely on any a priori (hand-crafted) models or on motion. The detection technique is based on a wavelet representation of the image: by learning an object class in terms of a subset of an overcomplete dictionary of wavelet basis functions. It is invariant to changes in color and texture and can be used to robustly deene a rich and complex class of objects such as people. We show how the invariant properties and computational eeciency of the wavelet representation make it an eeective tool for object detection.
Econometric Estimations of the Services and Financial Sector Impact on Economic Growth Variations in Times of Crisis

The world economy has been recently upside–downed by the Global Financial Crisis. However, the effects have been extremely different from one country to another and from one economic sector to another. Starting from the economic assumptions formulated in the field’s literature, the article analyzes the hypotheses of the disadvantageous influences of the services and financial sector upon the volatility of the economic growth rate and the unemployment rate in times of crisis. Econometric estimations using cross-sectional OLS Robust (White) Regressions on a sample of worldwide data taken from the World Bank confirm the theoretical hypotheses. The consequences of the highlighted mechanisms can be significant through the repositioning of the role of the different economic sectors.
Send-On-Delta Concept: An Event-Based Data Reporting Strategy

The paper addresses the issue of the send-on-delta data collecting strategy to capture information from the environment. Send-on-delta concept is the signal-dependent temporal sampling scheme, where the sampling is triggered if the signal deviates by delta defined as the significant change of its value. It is an attractive scheme for wireless sensor networking due to effective energy consumption. The quantitative evaluations of send-on-delta scheme for a general type continuous-time bandlimited signal are presented in the paper. The bounds on the mean traffic of reports for a given signal, and assumed sampling resolution, are evaluated. Furthermore, the send-on-delta effectiveness, defined as the reduction of the mean rate of reports in comparison to the periodic sampling for a given resolution, is derived. It is shown that the lower bound of the send-on-delta effectiveness (i.e. the guaranteed reduction) is independent of the sampling resolution, and constitutes the built-in feature of the input signal. The calculation of the effectiveness for standard signals, that model the state evolution of dynamic environment in time, is exemplified. Finally, the example of send-on-delta programming is shown.
Disfluency and Laughter Annotation in a Light-weight Dialogue Mark-up Protocol

Despite a great deal of research effort, disfluency and laughter annotation is still an unsolved problem, both in terms of consensus for a general applicable system, and in terms of annotation agreement metrics. In this paper we present a new annotation scheme within a light-weight mark-up for spontaneous speech. We show, despite the low overhead required for understanding the annotation protocol, it allows for good inter-annotator agreement and can be used to map onto existing disfluency categorization, with no loss of information.
Combination Chemotherapy and ALVAC-CEA/B7.1 Vaccine in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Purpose: The combination of vaccines and chemotherapy holds promise for cancer therapy, but the effect of cytotoxic chemotherapy on vaccine-induced antitumor immunity is unknown. This study was conducted to assess the effects of systemic chemotherapy on ALVAC-CEA/B7.1–induced T-cell immunity in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Experimental Design: Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were treated with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan and were also given ALVAC-CEA/B7.1 vaccine with or without tetanus toxoid adjuvant. Eligible patients were randomized to ALVAC followed by chemotherapy and booster vaccination (group 1), ALVAC and tetanus toxoid followed by chemotherapy (group 2), or chemotherapy alone followed by ALVAC in patients without disease progression (group 3). Humoral immune responses were measured by standard ELISA assay, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific T-cell responses were measured by IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Results: One hundred eighteen patients were randomized to receive either ALVAC before and concomitantly with chemotherapy (n = 39), ALVAC with tetanus adjuvant before and concomitantly with chemotherapy (n = 40), or chemotherapy followed by ALVAC (n = 39). Serious adverse events were largely gastrointestinal (n = 30) and hematologic (n = 24). Overall, 42 patients (40.4%) showed objective clinical responses. All patients developed antibody responses against ALVAC, but increased anti-CEA antibody titers were detected in only three patients. Increases in CEA-specific T cells were detected in 50%, 37%, and 30% of patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There were no differences in clinical or immune responses between the treatment groups. Conclusion: The combination of ALVAC-CEA/B7.1 vaccine and systemic chemotherapy has an acceptable safety profile in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Systemic chemotherapy did not affect the generation of CEA-specific T-cell responses following vaccination.
Freeform Object Positioning by 3D Shape Matching Without Artificial Feature Points

Determining the position and orientation of a workpiece relative to a manufacturing device is a prerequisite for machining path planning. If the workpiece is freeform and if it contains no predefined feature points, then object positioning and tool calibration can be accomplished using shape matching in 3D space. In this paper we study the feasibility and accuracy of non-contact, featureless positioning based on matching of a CAD model to a 3D scan of the object once it is physically mounted. The invariance of the placement of the 3D scanner is verified and the spread in the transformation parameters is analyzed. The matching is performed using a least-squares and a Hausdorff shape difference measure. The effect of point cloud size on the accuracy is analyzed. Recommendations for improvement and applications are provided.
Growth Effects of Inflation Under the Presence of Informality

In this paper we build an endogenous growth model in which the informal economy is subject to a cash‐in‐advance constraint along with physical capital accumulation and consumption. In this setting, we find that inflation generally adversely affects long‐run growth. However; this effect strongly interacts with the size of the informal economy. Specifically, the negative effect becomes milder (and can even be positive) under the presence of a large informal economy. Moreover, using an annual cross‐country panel data set of 161 countries over the period 1950‐2010 we also provide some empirical support for the mechanism of our theory.
LINEAR ACCELERATION EMISSION. I. MOTION IN A LARGE-AMPLITUDE ELECTROSTATIC WAVE

We consider the motion of a charge in a large-amplitude electrostatic wave with a triangular waveform relevant to an oscillating model of a pulsar magnetosphere. The (one-dimensional) orbit of a particle in such a wave is found exactly in terms of Weierstrass functions. The result is used to discuss linear acceleration emission (at both low and high frequencies) in an oscillating model for pulsars. An explicit expression for the emissivity is derived in an accompanying paper (Paper II), and used here to derive an expression for the absorption coefficient at low frequencies. We show that absorption can be negative, corresponding to maser emission. For the large amplitude required to trigger pair creation in an oscillating model, the rate of the maser growth is too small to be effective. Effective growth requires smaller amplitudes, such that the maximum Lorentz factor gained by acceleration in the wave is ≲10.