Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Norges Teknisk-naturvitenskapelige Universitet Exact Computation of the Solution of the Free Rigid Body with Applications Exact Computation of the Solution of the Free Rigid Body with Applications

preprint numerics no. 6/2007 norwegian university of science and technology trondheim, norway We discuss techniques for the direct, exact computation of the solution of the equations of motion of a Free Rigid Body. The method relies on the efficient and accurate computation of Jacobi ellipic functions and integrals. Here exact means that the approximation produces an error of the size of machine accuracy. We show how these techniques combined with splitting methods can be profitably applied to the approximation of systems of torqued rigid bodies. The performance of the proposed strategy is illustrated in applications to molecular dynamics and satellite dynamics. We discuss techniques for the direct, exact computation of the solution of the equations of motion of a Free Rigid Body. The method relies on the efficient and accurate computation of Jacobi ellipic functions and integrals. Here exact means that the approximation produces an error of the size of machine accuracy. We show how these techniques combined with splitting methods can be profitably applied to the approximation of systems of torqued rigid bodies. The performance of the proposed strategy is illustrated in applications to molecular dynamics and satellite dynamics.
Direct Assimilation of AMSR-E Brightness Temperatures for Estimating Sea Ice Concentration

AbstractIn this paper a method to directly assimilate brightness temperatures from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) to produce ice concentration analyses within a three-dimensional variational data assimilation system is investigated. To assimilate the brightness temperatures a simple radiative transfer model is used as the forward model that maps the state vector to the observation space. This allows brightness temperatures to be modeled for all channels as a function of the total ice concentration, surface wind speed, sea surface temperature, ice temperature, vertically integrated water vapor, and vertically integrated cloud liquid water. The brightness temperatures estimated by the radiative transfer model are sensitive to the specified values for the sea ice emissivity. In this paper, two methods of specifying the sea ice emissivity are compared. The first uses a constant value for each polarization and frequency, while the second uses a simple emissivity .
Drastic reduction of RR variability and irregularity after surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation: A comparison between two ablation devices

Surgical treatments of atrial fibrillation (AF) create ablation lesions aiming at an electrical isolation that prevents AF initiation and maintenance. These lesions affect autonomic innervations of the atria, thus a reduction of RR variability is expected on a short and/or long period. The aim of this study is to assess the changes on variability and irregularity of RR series after ablation performed by an innovative high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) device, and by a classic bipolar radiofrequency (RF) device. Time and frequency domain HRV parameters, as well as Poincar plot derived indexes and entropy measure were computed before and after 12 months the operation in two groups of patients: the Study Group (SG) treated with HIFU system and the Control Group (CG) treated with RF device. Results show that after ablation, a reduction of variability and irregularity can be observed in both groups. From these preliminary results, we observed that both devices depressed post-ablation HRV on short term and long term (one year). HIFU lesions had a larger effect than bipolar RF device.
Diverse Vortex Dynamics in Superfluids

The appearance of quantized vortices is a typical signature of superfluidity which has received a lot of attention in the studies of superfluid Helium, superconductivity and more recently the Bose-Einstein condensation. Recent theoretical and computational studies on the vortex dynamics have shed light on the characteristics of the quantized vortices. Here, we discuss several dynamical systems governing the motion and interaction of quantized vortices and give some computational results that illustrate the diverse nature of vortex dynamics under different driven forces.
Mining Administrative Data to Spur Urban Revitalization

After decades of urban investment dominated by sprawl and outward growth, municipal governments in the United States are responsible for the upkeep of urban neighborhoods that have not received sufficient resources or maintenance in many years. One of city governments' biggest challenges is to revitalize decaying neighborhoods given only limited resources. In this paper, we apply data science techniques to administrative data to help the City of Memphis, Tennessee improve distressed neighborhoods. We develop new methods to efficiently identify homes in need of rehabilitation and to predict the impacts of potential investments on neighborhoods. Our analyses allow Memphis to design neighborhood-improvement strategies that generate greater impacts on communities. Since our work uses data that most US cities already collect, our models and methods are highly portable and inexpensive to implement. We also discuss the challenges we encountered while analyzing government data and deploying our tools, and highlight important steps to improve future data-driven efforts in urban policy.
BackupIT: An Intrusion-Tolerant Cooperative Backup System

Reliable storage of large amounts of data is always a delicate issue. Availability, efficiency, data integrity, and confidentiality are some features a data backup system should provide. At the same time, corporate computers offer spare disk space and unused networking resources. In this paper, we propose an intrusion-tolerant cooperative backup system that provides a reliable collaborative backup resource by leveraging these independent, distributed resources. This system makes efficient use of network and storage resources through compression, encryption, and efficient verification processes. It also implements a protocol to tolerate Byzantine behaviors, when nodes arbitrarily deviate from their specifications. Experiments performed to evaluate the proposal showed its viability.
Role of Intracellular Calcium Stores in Cell Death from Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation in a Neuronal Cell Line

To determine the role of calcium homeostasis in ischemic neuronal death, the authors used an in vitro model of oxygen–glucose deprivation in neuronal cell lines. Exposure of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells to 10- to 16-hour oxygen–glucose deprivation decreased viability to 50% or less, and longer exposure times killed almost all cells. The death following 10- to 16-hour oxygen–glucose deprivation was not manifested until 24 to 72 hours after exposure. Deprivation of both glucose and oxygen together was required for expression of toxicity at these exposure times. Dantrolene, which blocks the release of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores, partially protected SH-SY5Y cells from oxygen–glucose deprivation toxicity. The addition of dantrolene during the deprivation phase alone produced the maximal drug effect; no further protection was obtained by continued drug exposure during the recovery phase. Prevention of Ca2+ influx by chelation or channel blockade or the chelation of cytosolic Ca2+ did not inhibit oxygen-glucose deprivation toxicity. In contrast, increasing extracellular Ca2+ or stimulating Ca2+ influx did inhibit toxicity. Calcium measurements with fura-2 acetoxymethylester revealed that oxygen–glucose deprivation caused a significant reduction in thapsigargin-releasable endoplasmic reticular stores of Ca2+. These studies suggest that an important component of the neuronal toxicity in cerebral ischemia is due to disruption of calcium homeostasis, particularly to the depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores.
Application of a snare technique in retrograde chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention – a step by step practical approach and an observational study

Abstract Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) has recently become popular among interventional cardiologists. CTO originating from the ostium has been one of the most difficult CTO lesions to treat with PCI for a number of reasons. Our aim was to illustrate a specific technique during retrograde CTO PCI referred to as the “snare technique. ” We retrospectively examined the use of “snare technique” among 371 consecutive retrograde CTO PCIs performed at our institution between 2006 and 2015. “Snare technique” was used in 10 patients among the 371 retrograde CTO PCIs. The baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with or without “snare technique” were similar. The “snare technique” group had significantly fewer side branches at occlusion (30.0% vs 71.2%, P = 0.01) and a higher incidence of externalization (90% vs 25.5%, P < 0.001). The contrast volume was significantly lower in the “snare technique” group (285.0 ± 68.5 vs 379.2 ± 144.0, P = 0.04). The incidence of major complications, retrograde success, or final success did not differ between the groups. The “snare technique” is safe and feasible in retrograde CTO PCI, especially in cases of difficult coronary engagement in cases such as ostial occlusion, challenging coronary anatomy, or retrograde guidewire cannot get in antegrade guiding catheter.
A user study on image browsing on touchscreens

Default image browsing interfaces on touch-based mobile devices provide limited support for image search tasks. To facilitate fast and convenient searches we propose an alternative interface that takes advantage of 3D graphics and arranges images on a rotatable globe according to color similarity. In a user study we compare the new design to the iPad's image browser. Results collected from 24 participants show that for color-sorted image collections the globe can reduce search time by 23% without causing more errors and that it is perceived as being fun to use and preferred over the standard browsing interface by 70% of the participants.
Modelling Inter-Process Dependencies with High-Level Business Process Modelling Languages

The work presented in this paper targets the software integration on the level of business process models. The goal is to create the behavioural description of an integrated system that is consistent with the behavioural descriptions of the original local systems intended to be integrated. We build the behavioural description from existing models of the local systems by inserting dependencies between them. By this means, simulation and verification of interactions between them is possible and incompatibilities can be identified at an early stage before a new system is introduced. So far, business process modelling languages have mainly focused on a single application system although B2B and enterprise application integration demand on models to express cross organisational communication and inter-process dependencies. In this paper, we investigate commonly used business process languages on their suitability to model inter-process dependencies. The result shows that there is no language which supports all identified dependencies directly and that all languages demand from the modeller to consider their low-level semantics which prevent him from focusing on the design. We propose a set of extensions of UML 2.0 Activity Diagrams to overcome these limits.
Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to Tumour Anti-Angiogenic Strategies

Tumour angiogenesis, described by Folkman in the early seventies, is an essential, complex, and dynamic process necessary for the growth of all solid tumours. Among the angiogenic factors secreted by the tumour cells, the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is one of the most important. Most types of human cancer cells express elevated levels of this proangiogenic factor and its receptors. New molecules, called anti-angiogenic, are developed to impair VEGF pathway and tumour vasculature. Despite important results, the clinical benefits of anti-VEGF therapy are relatively modest and usually measured in weeks or months. Why following anti-angiogenic therapy do some patients respond transiently and then why does tumour grow again and disease progress and which compensatory mechanisms could explain the anti-angiogenic treatment failure?
The Comparison Study of Flat Routing and Hierarchical Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the flat routing and hierarchical routing protocols in ad hoc wireless networks. Flat and hierarchical routing are two most typical routing protocols in wireless ad hoc networks. There have been many researches working on studying different flat or hierarchical routing protocols separately. However, there are little works about a comprehensive comparison study between these two kinds of routing protocols. As there are many protocols for both flat and hierarchical routing protocol, it is necessary to study their advantages and disadvantages, so that we could provide guidance for the deployment of different protocols in different networks configuration. This paper will study the performance of hierarchical routing protocols as compare to flat routing protocols. Our study is based on an extensive simulation using NS2
Dantrolene rescues arrhythmogenic RYR2 defect in a patient-specific stem cell model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia

Coordinated release of calcium (Ca2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2) channels is essential for cardiomyocyte function. In catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), an inherited disease characterized by stress‐induced ventricular arrhythmias in young patients with structurally normal hearts, autosomal dominant mutations in RYR2 or recessive mutations in calsequestrin lead to aberrant diastolic Ca2+ release from the SR causing arrhythmogenic delayed after depolarizations (DADs). Here, we report the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a CPVT patient carrying a novel RYR2 S406L mutation. In patient iPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes, catecholaminergic stress led to elevated diastolic Ca2+ concentrations, a reduced SR Ca2+ content and an increased susceptibility to DADs and arrhythmia as compared to control myocytes. This was due to increased frequency and duration of elementary Ca2+ release events (Ca2+ sparks). Dantrolene, a drug effective on malignant hyperthermia, restored normal Ca2+ spark properties and rescued the arrhythmogenic phenotype. This suggests defective inter‐domain interactions within the RYR2 channel as the pathomechanism of the S406L mutation. Our work provides a new in vitro model to study the pathogenesis of human cardiac arrhythmias and develop novel therapies for CPVT.
Energy-efficient high-speed CMOS pipelined multiplier

This work presents the design and fabrication of an energy-efficient high-speed 8times8-bits CMOS pipelined multiplier, based on a full adder cell built with an alternative internal logic structure and a swing-restored complementary pass-transistor logic style, that reduce static power dissipation while retaining a complete voltage swing at internal nodes. Post-layout simulations show that this multiplier is able to operate up to 1.2 GHz when supplied with 3.3 V, and the power savings obtained when compared against similar pipelined multipliers are about 20% when operating with transitioning input data, 25% with non-transitioning input data and 80% with the clock signal disabled. A test chip containing the multiplier was fabricated in a 0.35 mum CMOS technology and the experimental measurements confirm its operation at 1.2 GHz with a power consumption of 180 mW for a supply voltage of 3.3 V.
REGION MERGING VIA GRAPH-CUTS

In this paper, we discuss the use of graph-cuts to merge the regions of the watershed transform optimally. Watershed is a simple, intuitive and efficient way of segmenting an image. Unfortunately it presents a few limitations such as over-segmentation and poor detection of low boundaries. Our segmentation process merges regions of the watershed over-segmentation by minimizing a specific criterion using graph-cuts optimization. Two methods will be introduced in this paper. The first is based on regions histogram and dissimilarity measures between adjacent regions. The second method deals with efficient approximation of minimal surfaces and geodesics. Experimental results show that these techniques can efficiently be used for large images segmentation when a pre-computed low level segmentation is available. We will present these methods in the context of interactive medical image segmentation.
Building a Semantic Web Search Engine: Challenges and Solutions

Current web search engines return links to documents for user-specified keywords queries. Users have to then manually trawl through lists of links and glean the required information from documents. In contrast, semantic search engines allow more expressive queries over information integrated from multiple sources, and return specific information about entities, for example people, locations, news items. An entity-centric data model furthermore permits powerful query and browsing techniques. In this paper, we report on our experiences in collecting and integrating Web data from millions of sources, and describe both application-developer query services and end-user navigation services offered by SWSE, the Semantic Web Search Engine.
OBJECT-BASED BUILDING DETECTION FROM LIDAR DATA AND HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY

This paper presents a scheme for building detection from LIDAR data and high resolution satellite imagery. The proposed scheme comprises two major parts: (1) segmentation, and (2) classification. Spatial registration of LIDAR data and high resolution satellite images are performed as data pre-processing. It is done in such a way that two data sets are unified in the object coordinate system. Then, a region-based segmentation and object-based classification are integrated for building detection. In the segmentation, the LIDAR points are resampled to raster form. We, then, combine the elevation attribute from LIDAR data and radiometric attribute from orthoimages in the segmentation. The data with similar heights and spectral attributes are merged into a region. In the classification, we use the object-based classification to separate the building and non-building regions. The attributes considered in the classification include: (1) the elevation information from LIDAR data, (2) the spectral information from multispectral images, (3) the texture information from high spatial resolution image, (4) the roughness of LIDAR surface, and (5) the shape of regions. LIDAR data acquired by Leica ALS 40 and QuickBird satellite images were used in the validation.
Learning with Similarity Functions on Graphs using Matchings of Geometric Embeddings

We develop and apply the Balcan-Blum-Srebro (BBS) theory of classification via similarity functions (which are not necessarily kernels) to the problem of graph classification. First we place the BBS theory into the unifying framework of optimal transport theory. This also opens the way to exploit coupling methods for establishing properties required of a good similarity function as per their definition. Next, we use the approach to the problem of graph classification via geometric embeddings such as the Laplacian, pseudo-inverse Laplacian and the Lovász orthogonal labellings. We consider the similarity function given by optimal and near--optimal matchings with respect to Euclidean distance of the corresponding embeddings of the graphs in high dimensions. We use optimal couplings to rigorously establish that this yields a "good" similarity measure in the BBS sense for two well known families of graphs. Further, we show that the similarity yields better classification accuracy in practice, on these families, than matchings of other well-known graph embeddings. Finally we perform an extensive empirical evaluation on benchmark data sets where we show that classifying graphs using matchings of geometric embeddings outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods.
Crucial role of the Rcl1p–Bms1p interaction for yeast pre-ribosomal RNA processing

The essential Rcl1p and Bms1p proteins form a complex required for 40S ribosomal subunit maturation. Bms1p is a GTPase and Rcl1p has been proposed to catalyse the endonucleolytic cleavage at site A2 separating the pre-40S and pre-60S maturation pathways. We determined the 2.0 Å crystal structure of Bms1p associated with Rcl1p. We demonstrate that Rcl1p nuclear import depends on Bms1p and that the two proteins are loaded into pre-ribosomes at a similar stage of the maturation pathway and remain present within pre-ribosomes after cleavage at A2. Importantly, GTP binding to Bms1p is not required for the import in the nucleus nor for the incorporation of Rcl1p into pre-ribosomes, but is essential for early pre-rRNA processing. We propose that GTP binding to Bms1p and/or GTP hydrolysis may induce conformational rearrangements within the Bms1p-Rcl1p complex allowing the interaction of Rcl1p with its RNA substrate.
Roi Implications for Pharmaceutical Promotional Expenditures: The Role of Marketing Mix Interactions

In recent years, pharmaceutical companies have increased their promotional expenditures, particularly on direct to consumer advertising (DTC) and detailing. Given the large dollar amounts involved, this study focuses on the likely effect of these expenditures on a firm's revenues. More specifically, using data from a category of pharmaceutical products, the study empirically explores the impact of interactions between pairs of marketing mix elements on ROI. The findings of this study from the second-generation prescription antihistamines category include the following: (i) DTC affects category sales but detailing does not; (ii) Category sales are not influenced by interaction effects; (iii) Both detailing and DTC affect brand shares; (iv) Marketing mix interactions, e.g., between price and detailing, detailing and DTC, etc, significantly influence brand share. The study finds interesting variations on how these interactions affect revenues. (v) Detailing has a greater impact on revenues than DTC; and (vi) Detailing and DTC have long term effects on revenues that are about four to seven times the current-period effects. To assess the extent of category specificity of these results, the analysis is repeated for a very different pharmaceutical product category – antivirals to treat genital herpes, and several key results are supported.
Circumplex of identity formation modes: A proposal for the integration of identity constructs developed in the Erikson–Marcia tradition

Abstract The paper presents the Circumplex of Identity Formation Modes, which is designed to integrate the various concepts describing identity formation in the Erikson–Marcia tradition. The theoretical foundations of the model were formulated based on (1) analysis of the definitions of constructs currently used in the literature on identity development, (2) redefinition of exploration and commitment (basic constructs proposed by Marcia to describe identity formation), and (3) the relationship between identity constructs and personality metatraits. The new model incorporates circumplex structure from other personality models and distinguishes eight modes of identity formation: Exploration, Consolidation, Socialization, Normativity, Petrification, Diffusion, Defiance, and Moratorivity. In this way, our proposal resolves problems inherent in the theory of identity formation offering a synthesis of models developed in the Erikson–Marcia tradition.