Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A naturalistic study of the meanings of touch

The present study employed an adapted version of the contextual analysis method developed by Scheflen and others to examine the meanings‐in‐context of touches reported by persons from their daily interactions. The results revealed 12 distinct and relatively unambiguous meanings: support, appreciation, inclusion, sexual interest or intent, affection, playful affection, playful aggression, compliance, attention‐getting, announcing a response, greetings, and departure. There were also several kinds of hybrid meanings, the main ones being greeting/affection and departure/affection, and four categories of potentially ambiguous touches: reference to appearance, instrumental ancillary, instrumental intrinsic, and accidental. Finally, the analysis revealed a number of types of “touch sequences,” patterns of behavior consisting of a series of related touches, which took two primary forms, repetitive sequences and strategic sequences. These results are discussed in terms of three emergent generalizations about the .
Questioning the epistemic virtue of strategy: The emperor has no clothes!

Abstract A critical analysis of contemporary strategic management theory and practice suggests that modernist, linear thinking has facilitated the development of an abstracted reality which is misleading to managers and fundamentally flawed. It is argued that formulaic strategic tools such as those propounded by Porter fail to capture the reality of the complex environments that confront firms and falsely suggest that an answer can be derived from a predetermined toolbox. As an alternative to this dominant paradigm, the complexity of markets is presented not as something to be feared and ignored, but rather as a truth to be embraced. As a basis of taking this step, current knowledge on how complex environments work, perspectives on how they can be better understood and how people and organizations can engage within them, is presented. Ultimately it is recognised that both theoretical and practical foundations need significant, further development.
Reduced resuscitation fluid volume for second-degree burns with delayed initiation of ascorbic acid therapy.

BACKGROUND Oxygen radicals may play an important role in injury due to thermal burns. High-dose antioxidant ascorbic acid (vitamin C, Cenolete, Abbott Laboratory, Abbott Park, Ill) therapy reduces edema of burned and unburned tissue, lipid peroxidation, and subsequent resuscitation fluid volume requirement in experimental burn models. OBJECTIVE To determine the hemodynamic effects of delayed initiation (2 hours after injury) of antioxidant therapy in patients with second-degree burns. DESIGN Experimental study. MATERIALS AND INTERVENTION: Burns over 70% of body surface area were produced by subxiphoid immersion of 12 guinea pigs in 100 degrees C water for 3 seconds. The animals were resuscitated with Ringer's lactated solution according to the Parkland formula (4 mL/kg for 1% of burned body surface area during the first 24 hours) from 0.5 to 2 hours following injury, after which the resuscitation fluid volume was reduced to 25% of the Parkland formula. Animals received Ringer's lactated solution to which ascorbic acid (340 mg/kg during the first 24 hours) was added (vitamin C group [n = 6]) or Ringer's lactated solution only (control group [n = 6]). MEASUREMENTS Heart rates, mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, hematocrit level, and water content in burned and unburned tissue were measured before injury and at intervals thereafter. RESULTS There were no significant differences in heart rates (P = .29) and blood pressures (P = .53) between the 2 groups throughout the 24-hour study period. No animal died. The vitamin C group showed significantly lower hematocrit levels (P < .05) and significantly higher cardiac output values (P < .05) at 7 hours following burn injury and at intervals thereafter (P < .001). CONCLUSION With delayed initiation of high-dose ascorbic acid therapy, the 24-hour fluid resuscitation volume was reduced to 32.5% of the Parkland formula, while maintaining adequate cardiac output values.
Molecular Population Genetics of Accessory Gland Protein Genes and Testis-Expressed Genes in Drosophila mojavensis and D. arizonae

Molecular population genetic investigation of Drosophila male reproductive genes has focused primarily on melanogaster subgroup accessory gland protein genes (Acp's). Consistent with observations from male reproductive genes of numerous taxa, Acp's evolve more rapidly than nonreproductive genes. However, within the Drosophila genus, large data sets from additional types of male reproductive genes and from different species groups are lacking. Here we report findings from a molecular population genetics analysis of male reproductive genes of the repleta group species, Drosophila arizonae and D. mojavensis. We find that Acp's have dramatically higher average pairwise Ka/Ks (0.93) than testis-enriched genes (0.19) and previously reported melanogaster subgroup Acp's (0.42). Overall, 10 of 19 Acp's have Ka/Ks > 1 either in nonpolarized analyses or in at least one lineage of polarized analyses. Of the nine Acp's for which outgroup data were available, average Ka/Ks was considerably higher in D. mojavensis (2.08) than in D. arizonae (0.87). Contrasts of polymorphism and divergence suggest that adaptive protein evolution at Acp's is more common in D. mojavensis than in D. arizonae.
Coplanar Inverted-F Antenna With Open-End Ground Slots for Multiband Operation

This letter reports on a new idea to achieve multiband operation of a coplanar inverted-F antenna (CIFA). In the proposed approach, a microstripline is used to feed the primary CIFA radiator. This feeding arrangement allows for a flexible coupling of the feed to open-end slots in the finite-size ground to launch new resonant frequencies. Two configurations of meandered-tail CIFA with ground slots for WLAN and WiMAX applications are designed, fabricated, and experimentally tested to validate the proposed technique. Good agreement between the simulated and experimental results confirms the practical feasibility of the proposed multiband antenna design.
Two Robust Methods for Cantonese Spoken Document Retrieval

This paper reports on two methods aimed at achieving robustness for Cantonese spoken document retrieval. Our experimental corpus contains 60 hours of Cantonese television news broadcasts with over 1600 news stories. These spoken documents are indexed by automatic speech recognition of Cantonese base syllables. Recognition performance degrades significantly as we migrate from anchor speech recorded in the studio to reporter/interviewee speech recorded in the field. Recognition errors affect retrieval performance. We devised two robust methods to reduce the adverse effects of speech recognition errors on retrieval: (1) developing techniques to automatically extract studio speech from the audio tracks and using only these in retrieval; and (2) using N-best recognition hypotheses for document expansion prior to retrieval. Results indicate that (i) the best method to automatically extract studio speech segments fuses audio-based segmentation with video-based segmentation; (ii) using only the studio speech segments for our known-item retrieval task may not necessarily bring about better retrieval performance since we are discarding approximately three quarters of the audio in our corpus; (iii) the use of N-best recognition hypothesis for document expansion can bring about further improvements in retrieval performance, attaining an average inverse rank of 0.654.
Differentiation of Boundary Spanning Roles: Labor Negotiations and Implications for Role Conflict

In this paper we test the hypothesis that boundary spanning is a differentiated function that is not necessarily performed by one person, as assumed in much previous research. Using longitudinal network data collected during labor negotiations, we found that some individuals on the bargaining teams (representatives) broker ties toward their opponents, while others (gatekeepers) broker ties from their opponents; and some broker task-oriented ties (measured by flows of advice), while others broker socioemotional ties (measured by flows of trust). Differentiation of trust and advice brokerage roles was strong throughout the negotiations, while differentiation of representative and gatekeeper roles became more distinct as the contract deadline (and increased potential for role conflict) neared. This analytic distinction suggests that role conflict must be examined differently, both conceptually and methodologically, and widens the range of options available for managing potential role confllcts.
Children's noun-pair learning: Analysis of pictorial elaboration and memory instruction effects.

KEE, DANIEL W. , and WHITE, BRADLEY R. Children's Noun-Pair Learning: Analysis of Pictorial Elaboration and Memory Instruction Effects. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 674-677. This study was conducted to examine the role of memory instruction in children's elaborative nounpair learning. The design consisted of a 2 x 2 factorial with pictorial presentation (standard vs. elaborated) and instruction (inspection vs. memory). Standard presentation consisted of depicting the referents of the to-be-remembered nouns side by side, while elaborated presentation consisted of depicting the referents of the to-be-remembered nouns conjoined. A 14-pair list was administered individually to 48 second-grade children by the method of paired associates. The results indicated that elaborated presentation facilitated performance relative to standard presentation under both instructional conditions. Memory instruction improved paired-associate learning under standard presentation but not under elaborated presentation. The results were interpreted to support the notion that pictorial elaboration facilitates learning by automatically inducing referential relational encoding of the to-be-remembered noun pairs.
Tensile properties of craniofacial tendons in the mature and aged zebrafish

The zebrafish Danio rerio is a powerful model for the study of development, regenerative biology, and human disease. However, the analysis of load‐bearing tissues such as tendons and ligaments has been limited in this system. This is largely due to technical limitations that preclude accurate measurement of their mechanical properties. Here, we present a custom tensile testing system that applies nano‐Newton scale forces to zebrafish tendons as small as 1 mm in length. Tendon properties were remarkably similar to mammalian tendons, including stress–strain nonlinearity and a linear modulus (515 ± 152 MPa) that aligned closely with mammalian data. Additionally, a simple exponential constitutive law used to describe tendon mechanics was successfully fit to zebrafish tendons; the associated material constants agreed with literature values for mammalian tendons. Finally, mature and aged zebrafish comparisons revealed a significant decline in mechanical function with age. Based on the exponential constitutive model, age‐related changes were primarily caused by a reduction in nonlinearity (e.g., changes in collagen crimp or fiber recruitment). These findings demonstrate the utility of zebrafish as a model to study tendon biomechanics in health and disease. Moreover, these findings suggest that tendon mechanical behavior is highly conserved across vertebrates. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 33:867–873, 2015.
TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF CELECOXIB THROUGH RAT SKIN FROM VARIOUS MICROEMULSIONS

Purpose: This research was aimed to formulate and characterize and evaluation of in vitro skin permeability of celecoxib-loaded microemolsion systems as a topical delivery system of celecoxib for treatment of inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis , osteoarthritis and management of pain in these conditions. Methods: Celecoxib loaded microemulsions prepared by mixing of appropriate amount of surfactant including Tween 80 and Labrasol, co-surfactant such as Capryol 90 and oil phase including Oleic acid – Transcutol P (10:1 ratio). Physicochemical Characterization of selected Microemulsions such as, particle size, stability, viscosity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface tension, refractory index (RI) , pH, drug release and in vitro skin permeability through rat skin using diffusion Franz cells were evaluated . Results: The mean droplets size of microemulsion formulation were in the range of 3.2 to 66.8 nm, and its refractory index (RI) and pH were 1.432 and 5.305, respectively. Viscosity range was 195.6335. 2cps. Drug release profile showed that 26.94% of the drug released in the first 24 hours of experiment. In permeation studies the Jss and P parameters are significant with water percent in ME formulations, so that decrease in water percent is caused increase Jss and P parameters. Jss of ME 4 and Dapp in ME7 were 4.31times and 1.714 times higher than those of saturated water solution of celecoxib. Conclusion: In conclusion , the amount of components in ME formulation such as S/C ratio, water and, oil phase percentage in formulations have an essential role in the physicochemical properties and celecoxib permeability through rat skin.
Dual-band GaN HEMT power amplifier using resonators in matching networks

In this paper, we employ a novel method by using resonators with microstrip lines to design a dual-band GaN HEMT power amplifier. At both input and output matching networks, we add parallel resonators between series microstrip lines and open-circuited stubs to realize the dual-band operation. With our proposed structure, we can use the conventional L-type structure to design matching network for each operation frequency so that the design is easier. By using just one transistor without any tunable electronic element or switch, a novel dual-band class AB power amplifier working at 1.5 GHz and 2.4 GHz is designed and fabricated to demonstrate our proposed simple method. With dual-band matching networks using resonators, the experimental results show the output power 40.3 dBm and 39.05 dBm with power added efficiency (PAE) 55.63% and 40.25% at 1.5 GHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively.
Collision avoidance using gyroscopic forces for cooperative Lagrangian dynamical systems

In this paper we introduce a collision avoidance control strategy for groups of mobile robots moving in a three-dimensional environment, whose dynamics are described according to the Lagrangian model. The proposed strategy is based on the use of gyroscopic forces, that ensure obstacle avoidance without interfering with the convergence properties of the multi-robot system's desired control law. Moreover, we introduce a method to define the direction of the force in an optimal way, in order to introduce the smallest possible perturbation with respect to the desired behavior of the system. Collision avoidance and convergence properties are analytically demonstrated, and simulation results are provided for validation purpose.
Perceived Misinterpretation Rates in Oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT Studies: A Survey of Referring Physicians

Because only pathologic examination can confirm the presence or absence of malignant disease in cancer patients, a certain rate of misinterpretation in any kind of imaging study is inevitable. For the accuracy of interpretation to be improved, determination of the nature, causes, and magnitude of this problem is needed. This study was designed to collect pertinent information from physicians referring patients for oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT. Methods: A total of 662 referring physicians completed an 11-question survey focused on their experience with the interpretation of oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT studies. The participants were oncologists (36.1%; n = 239), hematologists (14.5%; n = 96), radiation oncologists (7.4%; n = 49), surgeons (33.8%; n = 224), and other physicians (8.2%; n = 54). Questions were aimed at determining the frequency, nature, and causes of scan misinterpretations as well as potential solutions to reduce the frequency of misinterpretations. Results: Perceived misinterpretation rates ranged from 5% to 20%, according to most (59.3%) of the participants; 20.8% of respondents reported rates of less than 5%. Overinterpretation rather than underinterpretation was more frequently encountered (68.9% vs. 8.7%, respectively). Limited availability of a patient’s history and limited experience of interpreters were the major contributors to this phenomenon, according to 46.8% and 26.7% of the participants, respectively. The actions most commonly suggested to reduce misinterpretation rates (multiple suggestions were possible) were the institution of multidisciplinary meetings (59.8%), the provision of adequate history when ordering an examination (37.4%), and a discussion with imaging specialists when receiving the results of the examination (38.4%). Conclusion: Overinterpretation rather than underinterpretation of oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT studies prevails in clinical practice, according to referring physicians. Closer collaboration of imaging specialists with referring physicians through more multidisciplinary meetings, improved communication, and targeted training of interpreting physicians are actions suggested to reduce the rates of misinterpretation of oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT studies.
Families under war: Stresses and strains of Israeli families during the Gulf war

This study assessed sources of stress, perception of the situation, and effect of the war upon Israeli families during the first week of the Gulf war. Sixty six families were randomly selected and were telephone interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Responses to questions regarding the stresses and strains of war and their effect on the family are described. Four sources of stress seemed to affect families: Existential fear, ambiguity, war-related hardships, and intrafamily strain. Families perceived the situation along a continuum ranging from catastrophic, through difficult but optimistic, to bearable. The effect of the war situation on families was assessed by respondents as positive, neutral or negative. The findings are discussed in terms of their relation to four types of family response in a shared stressful situation.
Evaluating deep reinforcement learning for computer generated forces in ground combat simulation

Deep learning techniques are able to process and learn from data (e.g., images, video, audio) without explicit feature extraction. As a result, not only is the manual workload to build such models reduced, but the performance and accuracy of these models can often outperform those in which the preprocessing phase embeds human intuition. In the light of these advancements this study aims to examine if current, often manual, practices and techniques for modeling tactical behavior can be improved using deep reinforcement learning (DRL). We compare three state-of-the-art DRL algorithms according to their ability to control computer generated forces in simulated ground combat scenarios. The algorithms are empirically evaluated by comparing learning curves and behavioral performance using four basic maneuverability tasks. Our results show that at least one algorithm solved all tasks without hyperparameter search.
Social Dominance Orientation and Intergroup Bias: The Legitimation of Favoritism for High-Status Groups

Based on both classical and contemporary perspectives on the psychology of legitimacy, it was hypothesized that the pattern of relationships between social dominance orientation (SDO) and favoritism for high-status groups would depend on the status of one’s group and the perceived legitimacy of the group-based status distinction. Among members of high-status groups, SDO was expected to be positively related to favoritism for the high-status group at both high and low levels of legitimacy. Among members of low-status groups, SDO and high-status group favoritism were only expected to be positively related when the system was perceived to be legitimate. The results of two studies provided a clear pattern of support for these expectations. Implications for social dominance theory and other perspectives on the psychology of legitimacy are discussed.
Characterization of a region of the IncHI2 plasmid R478 which protects Escherichia coli from toxic effects specified by components of the tellurite, phage, and colicin resistance cluster

The IncHI2 plasmid R478 specifies resistance to potassium tellurite (Te(r)), to some bacteriophages (Phi), and to pore-forming colicins (PacB). The genes encoding the three phenotypes are linked, and an 8.4-kb fragment of R478 DNA encoding them cannot be subcloned unless cocloned with a second section of the plasmid. Subclone pKFW4A contains a 5.9-kb BamHI-EcoRI fragment which caused some toxicity when present in Escherichia coli cells. Bacterial cells containing freshly transformed pKFW4A, examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy, had a filamentous morphology consistent with a block in septation. Insertion of transposon Tn1000 into terZ, -A, -B, and -C genes of pKFW4A resulted in the loss of the filamentation phenotype. Deletion of several regions of the clone confirmed that these latter components are involved in the filamentation phenotype. The region specifying protection from toxicity caused by the larger 8.4-kb fragment (encompassing this cluster and the entire 5.9-kb section of pKFW4A) was sequenced and analyzed by T7 polymerase expression and Tn1000 mutagenesis. Three open reading frames, terW, terY, and terX, were identified in a 2.6-kb region. Two polypeptides with approximate molecular masses of 18 and 28 kDa were expressed in CSRDE3 cells and were consistent with TerW (17.1 kDa; 155 amino acids [aa]) and TerY (26.9 kDa; 248 aa), whereas a protein of 213 aa deduced from terX was not observed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The terX gene product shows strong identity with the previously identified TerE, TerD, and TerZ polypeptides, and there is a conserved motif of 13 residues, GDN(R/L)TG(E/A)GDGDDE, within this group of polypeptides. Complementation analysis indicated that terW, located approximately 6.0 kb upstream of terZ, brings about protection of cells from toxic effects of components of the Te(r), Phi, and PacB cluster.
Low-Radiation Cellular Inductive Powering of Rodent Wireless Brain Interfaces: Methodology and Design Guide

This paper presents a general methodology of inductive power delivery in wireless chronic rodent electrophysiology applications. The focus is on such systems design considerations under the following key constraints: maximum power delivery under the allowable specific absorption rate (SAR), low cost and spatial scalability. The methodology includes inductive coil design considerations within a low-frequency ferrite-core-free power transfer link which includes a scalable coil-array power transmitter floor and a single-coil implanted or worn power receiver. A specific design example is presented that includes the concept of low-SAR cellular single-transmitter-coil powering through dynamic tracking of a magnet-less receiver spatial location. The transmitter coil instantaneous supply current is monitored using a small number of low-cost electronic components. A drop in its value indicates the proximity of the receiver due to the reflected impedance of the latter. Only the transmitter coil nearest to the receiver is activated. Operating at the low frequency of 1.5 MHz, the inductive powering floor delivers a maximum of 15.9 W below the IEEE C95 SAR limit, which is over three times greater than that in other recently reported designs. The power transfer efficiency of 39% and 13% at the nominal and maximum distances of 8 cm and 11 cm, respectively, is maintained.