Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facial emotion recognition deficit in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease.

OBJECTIVES A deficit in facial emotion recognition was described in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). However, this issue has been underexplored in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI). Thus, the authors aimed to determine whether a deficit in facial emotion recognition is present in a-MCI phase and whether this is intensity dependent. A secondary aim was to investigate relationships between facial emotion recognition and cognitive performances. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Memory clinic. PARTICIPANTS Fifty a-MCI patients, 50 mild AD patients, and 50 comparison subjects (COM) were enrolled. MEASUREMENTS Information about facial emotion recognition was obtained from Penn Emotion Recognition Test. The Mental Deterioration Battery was used to measure cognitive impairment. RESULTS Mild AD patients were more impaired in the recognition of almost all emotional stimuli of all intensities than a-MCI and COM subjects. However, there was an increased progression only in low-intensity facial emotion recognition deficit from COM to a-MCI to mild AD patients. In particular, a-MCI subjects differed significantly from COM in low-intensity fearful face recognition performance. This deficit in a-MCI patients was explained by the short-term verbal memory impairment, whereas the same deficit in mild AD patients was explained by the long-term verbal memory impairment. CONCLUSIONS Emotion recognition progresses from a deficit in low-intensity fearful facial recognition in a-MCI phase to a deficit in all intensities and emotions in mild AD. This could be an effect of the progressive degeneration of brain structures modulating emotional processing. An early detection of emotional impairment in MCI phases of dementia may have clinical implications.
On the error rate analysis of dual-hop relaying over composite fading channels using mixture gamma distribution

In this paper, we present the end-to-end performance of a dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying system over independent nonidentical (non-i.i.d) composite Nakagami-lognormal (NL) fading channels by using mixture gamma (MG) distribution. Novel closedform expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and the moment-generation function (MGF) of the end-to-end signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) are derived. Moreover, the average error rate and the diversity order are found based on the above new expressions, respectively. These expressions are more simple and accuracy than the previous ones obtained by using generalized-K (KG) distribution. Finally, numerical and simulation results are shown to verify the accuracy of the analytical results. These results show that it is more precise to approximate the composite NL distribution by using the MG distribution than using the KG distribution in the performance analysis of cooperative relaying systems.
Cognitive Assistants for Analysts

Traditional intelligence analysis suffers from several systemic problems including: information overload; intelligence sharing difficulties; lack of time, methods, and resources for analytic collaboration with area experts; limited capabilities in regard to the consideration of multiple hypotheses; sociocultural and socio-psychological bias informing the analytic process; lack of time and resources for critical analysis and after-action review; “group-think” (a lack of diverse opinions informing the process) and “paralysis by analysis”; loss of analytic expertise due to downsizing and attrition; lack of time and resources needed to train new analysts; and limited availability and use of tools to improve the analytic process (Lowenthal, 1999; National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, 2004; Wheaton, 2001).
Testing context-aware middleware-centric programs: a data flow approach and an RFID-based experimentation

Pervasive context-aware software is an emerging kind of application. Many of these systems register parts of their context-aware logic in the middleware. On the other hand, most conventional testing techniques do not consider such kind of application logic. This paper proposes a novel family of testing criteria to measure the comprehensiveness of their test sets. It stems from context-aware data flow information. Firstly, it studies the evolution of contexts, which are environmental information relevant to an application program. It then proposes context-aware data flow associations and testing criteria. Corresponding algorithms are given. It uses a prototype testing tool to conduct experimentation on an RFID-based location sensing software running on top of context-aware middleware. The experimental results show that our approach is applicable, effective, and promising.
Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract supplementation on performance, apparent total tract retention of nutrients, blood profile and meat quality of broiler chicks

Objective This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract (OE) supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract retention (ATTR), blood profile, carcass characteristics and meat quality in broilers. Methods Four hundred male broiler chicks (Ross 308, 3-d old) were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments for 28 d feeding trial. Each treatment has five replications with 20 birds each. Four dietary treatments were designated according to the OE supplementation levels (0 as control, 5, 7.5, and 10 g of OE per kg of basal diet respectively). On d 28, a total of 20 birds from each treatment were subjected for ATTR, serum biochemical assay, carcass characteristic and organ weight measurement. Results Overall weight gain of OE 7.5 g/kg group was higher (p = 0.04) than control group. The ATTRs of dietary energy (p<0.01) and ether extract (p = 0.04) linearly increased with increasing levels of dietary OE. However, no difference in ATTR of dry matter and crude protein was evident. Furthermore, serum IgG concentration increased linearly (p<0.01) and quadratically (p = 0.03) with increasing OE supplementation. No differences in carcass dressing weight and amount of abdominal fat by treatments were observed. Also, the weight of organ including immune organ was not different among the treatments. The TBARS values of 10 d stored breast meat decreased linearly (p<0.01) and quadratically (p<0.01) with increasing dietary OE levels. The meat color was also affected, with lower (p<0.01) redness score in meats from OE supplemented groups. This study showed that dietary OE improved broiler weight gain presumably by increasing feed intake and ATTR of both energy and ether extract. The dietary OE increased serum IgG level and meat anti-oxidation capacity. Conclusion This study implies that the recommended level of dietary OE supplementation could be beneficial for improving broiler performance and meat quality.
Immunohistochemical Double Stains Against Ki67/MART1 and HMB45/MITF: Promising Diagnostic Tools in Melanocytic Lesions

Distinction between benign and malignant melanocytic lesions may be difficult by today's methods, even for highly skilled dermatopathologists, emphasizing the need for improved diagnostic tools. We have studied the discriminative abilities of immunohistochemical (IHC) double stains using the IHC markers Ki67 combined with MART1, and HMB45 combined with MITF. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 50 melanomas and 78 benign nevi were stained using a simple simultaneous IHC double staining technique. Both simple semiquantitative estimates of the immunopositivity in the deepest third of the lesions and full-scale quantitative measurements of the Ki67 and HMB45 indices were performed, and scores for melanomas and nevi were compared. The differences between melanomas and nevi were significant (P < 0.0001) using either analysis or stain. The misclassification rates for melanomas and nevi were generally lower for Ki67/MART1 stains than for HMB45/MITF stains. In the simple semiquantitative Ki67/MART1 analysis, the misclassification rates were 6% (2%-17%) for melanomas and 12% (6%-21%) for nevi. In full-scale quantitative analysis the corresponding rates were 4% (1%-14%) and 8% (4%-16%), and by combining Ki67 and HMB45 indices, the misclassification rates were 0% (0%-7%) for melanomas and 13% (7%-22%) for nevi. We conclude that both semiscale and fullscale quantitative analyses of Ki67/MART1 stains are valuable diagnostic tools to distinguish melanomas and nevi with a large degree of certainty. The HMB45/MITF stains may serve as adjuncts to predict malignancy and the diagnostic potential of combining the HMB45 and Ki67 indices are promising. The IHC double stains may potentially reduce misinterpretations of melanomas in histopathology.
A reputation-based collaborative schema for the mitigation of distributed attacks in SDN domains

In this paper, we investigate collaborative schemes to mitigate Distributed Denial of Service attacks in multi-domain Software Defined Networks (SDNs). The mitigation process itself is distributed, initiated by the domain of the victim, and involving all domains in the path of an attack (transit domains). We emphasize on filtering malicious flows as close to the attack sources as possible. We propose a modular and scalable approach that leverages on the SDNi (SDN interface) protocol, as the enabler for information exchange between adjacent SDN domains. We extend this protocol by publishing and exchanging pointers to incident reports, formatted according to the IETF IODEF standards and exposed through domain SDN Controllers. Thus, an SDN domain hosting the victim of the attack is able to notify the recipients about the malicious flows that they forward, requesting their filtering until the attack ceases. In order to motivate close cooperation of SDN domains governed by diverse authorities, we implemented and evaluated a reputation mechanism, whereby domains historically assess the behavior of their neighbors, discouraging assistance in case the domain of the victim has a poor cooperation track record.
Visualizing and Quantifying Vineyard Canopy LAI Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Collected High Density Structure from Motion Point Cloud

This study explores the use of structure from motion (SfM), a computer vision technique, to model vine canopy structure at a study vineyard in the Texas Hill Country. Using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a digital camera, 201 aerial images (nadir and oblique) were collected and used to create a SfM point cloud. All points were classified as ground or non-ground points. Non-ground points, presumably representing vegetation and other above ground objects, were used to create visualizations of the study vineyard blocks. Further, the relationship between non-ground points in close proximity to 67 sample vines and collected leaf area index (LAI) measurements for those same vines was also explored. Points near sampled vines were extracted from which several metrics were calculated and input into a stepwise regression model to attempt to predict LAI. This analysis resulted in a moderate R2 value of 0.567, accounting for 57 percent of the variation of LAISQRT using six predictor variables. These results provide further justification for SfM datasets to provide three-dimensional datasets necessary for vegetation structure visualization and biophysical modeling over areas of smaller extent. Additionally, SfM datasets can provide an increased temporal resolution compared to traditional three-dimensional datasets like those captured by light detection and ranging (lidar).
Comparing test-suite based evaluation and corpus-based evaluation of a wide-coverage grammar for English

In this paper we present our experiences in the evaluation of a wide-coverage grammar of English: the XTAG English grammar. We give a brief history of previous evaluations done using the XTAG grammar and then describe a pair of new evaluations done on a corpus of weather reports and the CSLI LKB test suite. Based on these experiments, we discuss the differing merits of naturally occurring corpora and test suites in the evaluation of wide-coverage grammars.
A BRIEF STORY ABOUT THE OPERATORS OF THE GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL CALCULUS

In this survey we present a brief history and the basic ideas of the generalized fractional calculus (GFC). The notion “generalized operator of fractional integration” appeared in the papers of the jubilarian Prof. S.L. Kalla in the years 1969-1979 when he suggested the general form of these operators and studied examples of them whose kernels were special functions as the Gauss and generalized hypergeometric functions, including arbitrary Gand H-functions. His ideas provoked the author to choose a more peculiar case of such kernels and to develop a theory of the corresponding GFC that featured many applications. All known fractional integrals and derivatives and other generalized integration and differential operators in various areas of analysis happened to fall in the scheme of this GFC. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 26A33, 33C60, 44A20
Is it Egalitarianism or Enterprise Strategy? Exploring a New Method of Innovation in Open Source

This research article explores a new way of innovation found in open source communities. No longer is innovation closed where research and development is kept internal to the firm. Instead, it is becoming more open, where ideas, inventions, and intellectual property are readily traded in a global marketplace. Our research observed open source communities as something different from the received view on open source. We observed open source communities as highly organized platforms for strategic innovation where profit-seeking firms are actively involved in governance, strategic direction, and technology development. We explore the evolving relationship between firms and communities and provide insight into how these communities are organized. Our research depicts Open Innovation and open source in a new light ‐ Federated Innovation ‐ where open source communities are now acting as platforms to drive for strategic innovation.
WLC12-2: Bounds on the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks Employing Multiple Data Sinks

Employing multiple base stations is an attractive approach to enhance the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we address the fundamental question concerning the limits on the network lifetime in sensor networks when multiple base stations are deployed as data sinks. Specifically, we derive upper bounds on the network lifetime when multiple base stations are employed, and obtain optimum locations of the base stations (BSs) that maximize these lifetime bounds. For the case of two BSs, we jointly optimize the BS locations by maximizing the lifetime bound using a genetic algorithm based optimization. Joint optimization for more number of BSs is complex. Hence, for the case of three BSs, we optimize the third BS location using the previously obtained optimum locations of the first two BSs. We also provide simulation results that validate the lifetime bounds and the optimum locations of the BSs.
Tourism domain ontology construction from the unstructured text documents

Ontologies is playing an increasingly important role in knowledge management and the Semantic Web. The tourism information ontology is becoming a core research field in the realm of information retrieval. An ontology construction method based on Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) to extract domain ontology from unstructured text documents is proposed. Under the framework of our ontology construction method, the knowledge engineers could reach a new ontology of tourism information that was demonstrated as useful to support their ontology construction tasks.
Smooth pursuit eye movements in chronic schizophrenics and healthy volunteers using a quantitative objective measure for detecting saccadic intrusions

An electro‐oculogram based eye tracking system (the Cardiff System for the Generation and Analysis of Saccades) was used to quantify smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) and saccadic intrusions in 20 chronic schizophrenic patients and 16 normal, healthy controls. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups at all four target frequencies tested (0·2, 0·25, 0·33 and 0·5 Hz) in three measures of SPEM dysfunction (position error, velocity error and saccadic intrusions). Of the patients' position errors, 50–70 per cent were greater than the 95th percentile for controls. Velocity errors gave a similar range of SPEM dysfunction (50–65 per cent) but the frequency of saccadic intrusion abnormality was more variable (20–60 per cent). Position error and saccadic intrusions, at the fastest target speed, correlated with total BPRS scores. Extrapyramidal symptoms (Simpson and Angus) and abnormal involuntary movements also correlated with saccadic intrusions at 0·5 Hz. There were no significant correlations between SPEM dysfunction and age, duration of illness, negative symptoms (total SANS score) or current dose of antipsychotic drug treatment. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating and Predicting Average Likability on Computer-Generated Artwork Variants

Computer assisted human creativity encodes human design decisions in algorithms allowing machines to produce artwork variants. Based on this automated production, one can leverage collective understanding of beauty to rank computer-generated artworks according to their average likability. We present the use of Software Product Line techniques for computer-generated art systems as a case study on leveraging the feedback of human perception within the boundaries of a variability model. Since it is not feasible to get feedback for all variants because of a combinatorial explosion of possible configurations, we propose an approach that is developed in two phases: 1) the creation of a data set using an interactive genetic algorithm and 2) the application of a data mining technique on this dataset to create a ranking enriched with confidence metrics.
ONTOGENETIC VARIATION IN PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND FUNCTIONAL INTEGRATION IN SKULLS OF SIGMODON FULVIVENTER

Patterns of variation and covariation within populations can influence how characters respond to natural selection and random genetic drift and so constrain the ability of natural selection to modify the phenotype. We examined several potential developmental and functional explanations of character covariation throughout ontogeny using known‐age samples of the cotton rat (Sigmodon fulviventer) to identify the causes of covariation and to assess the variability of patterns of covariation throughout postnatal growth. Competing developmental and functional models were fit to samples of orofacial and neurocranial measures by confirmatory factor analysis and evaluated for their ability to reconstruct observed variance‐covariance matrices. Samples of successive ages were simultaneously fit to a common model to test the hypothesis that the patterns of developmental and functional integration were invariant between ages.
O alinhamento estratégico e a construção do futuro: um estudo exploratório

This survey analyses the influence of the Planning Process, the Strategic Alignment of IT and Human Resources on the awareness of the companies towards the Competition for the Future. During the period covered by this research Brazil was in a process of economic stabilization after years of high inflation, with increased opening to foreign competition, which stressed the need for effective planning at the corporate level. The results of the analysis of our survey data show that the companies Information Technology, Human Resources and Planning Process strategies and policies were not adequately oriented toward helping them compete for the future.
Moving horizon estimation for hybrid systems

In this paper, by exploiting the equivalence between hybrid systems modeled in the mixed logic dynamical form and piecewise affine systems, we propose a state smoothing algorithm based on moving horizon estimation (MHE). We provide sufficient conditions on the time horizon and the initial penalties to guarantee asymptotic convergence of the MHE scheme. Moreover we propose an algorithm for the computation of the initial penalties that allows to implement MHE by solving mixed-integer quadratic programs.
The role of shape similarity in toddlers' lexical extensions

The taxonomic assumption, or noun-category bias, is thought to facilitate word learning by focusing children’ s attention on taxonomic categories as likely candidates for word meanings. Three experiments were conducted to disentangle the role of taxonomic relations and shape similarity in 18- and 24-month-olds’ responses on a noun category bias task. The relationship between vocabulary composition and performance on these tasks was also examined. Results indicated that both 18- and 24-month-old children were predominantly guided by shape similarity when extending novel labels. However, some evidence that taxonomic information can be used to guide word extension was found in the 24-month-old group. Those children with a larger proportion of nouns in their vocabulary were more likely to use information about category membership when extending words, even in the absence of shape similarity. The challenge that a young child faces when learning a new word is illustrated clearly by Quine’ s (1960) ‘ problem of radical translation’ . According to Quine, when a word is uttered, its referent is ambiguous. Consider Quine’ s example of an anthropologist visiting a radically different culture on Earth. He observes a speaker utter ‘ gavagai’ as a rabbit runs by and faces the dilemma of assigning the correct meaning to the utterance. In this context, ‘ gavagai’ could have countless referents, including ‘ fast’ , ‘ running’ , ‘ rabbit’ , ‘ tail’ etc. Similarly, young children encounter the formidable task of identifying the specie c referent for words produced in their environment. Yet, despite the apparent complexity of this task, children learn language at a remarkably rapid pace, acquiring an average of six words a day between the ages of 2 and 6 years (Nelson, 1973).
“The Grand Experiment”: Modeling Adult Learning with Adult-Ministry Students

Adult-learning theory challenges faculty to adapt their teaching to certain characteristics of adult learners, including self-direction: if adults direct the bulk of their lives outside of school, they should be permitted to direct their own educational experiences. To what extent is self-directed learning an optimal, or even realistic, methodology for seminary teaching? Does it matter what subjects we are teaching? This essay details an experiment with self-directed learning in a seminary ministry class: what worked, what might be improved, and how it challenges our view of ourselves as faculty to teach in this way. Student feedback from the course in question enhances our understanding of the best (and most challenging) features of the experiment.