Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Idea of English in Japan: Ideology and the Evolution of a Global Language by Philip Seargeant

Providing an ontology of the English language and how it is conceptualized in a foreign country is an ambitious undertaking; however Philip Seargeant, with his volume The Idea of English in Japan: Ideology and the Evolution of a Global Language, provides a compact, anthropological investigation of this issue through a careful selection of case studies as well as thought-provoking analysis. It is a study particularly refreshing to see, as Japan is still fairly underrepresented in world Englishes literature. For sociolinguists and Japanologists alike, this book is a welcome addition to the current literature on language and society in Japan. It assertively questions how linguistic ideologies are reproduced and the implications these ideologies have on how English is viewed globally. The book is essentially comprised of several articles that Seargeant had previously written about Japan, globalization and the ideology of English. The theoretical and methodological frameworks in this volume are detailed in the Introduction (pp. 3–5), ch. 2, “The Concept of English as a global language” (pp. 6–21) and ch. 3 “Language ideology and global English” (pp. 22–42). In ch. 2, after he commences his introduction with the proposition that “language exists not only as a medium but also as a concept” (p. 1, italics mine), he carefully reviews two prominent schools of thought in world Englishes, which pit Quirk’s monocentrist orientations towards a universal English language against Kachru’s more pluricentric, nuanced outlook that appreciates linguistic variety. Seargeant deftly employs this debate as a springboard for his intentions to determine the ramifications that “contextspecific conceptualizations” (p. 20), like Japan has for the development of a theoretical approach. In ch. 3, Seargeant presents his choice of a qualitative, language ideologies framework in order to investigate how English is positioned within Japanese society, and what assumptions about the language can be gleaned from this positioning. He does this through semiosis, by analysing written and visual texts, as well as conducting small-scale interviews, though he concedes in a later chapter that he tends to draw predominantly from written text about English produced in the English language rather than in Japanese. Chapter 4, “English in Japan: The current shape of the debate” (pp. 43–62) and ch. 5, “Globalization: Enriching Japanese culture through contact with other cultures” (pp. 63– 86), begin the conceptual case studies that first delve into the issue of language-in-education policy. In his thoughtful critique of the ‘determinism’ that tends to be a feature of English language teaching and research in Japan, he interrogates the seemingly dubious positions taken by the Japanese ministry of education with respect to the English language as a tool for communication, highlighting that ‘communication’ in Japan and the West may be quite different concepts. The subsequent chapter approaches the issue of how globalization in
Laser assisted delivery of topical anesthesia for intramuscular needle insertion in adults

Currently there is no safe, effective, and rapid means to eliminate the pain associated with a needle insertion through the skin. It is hypothesized that ablation of the stratum corneum layer using a low energy Erbium(Er):YAG laser would allow rapid local anesthesia from a lidocaine product.
Paper Title (use style: paper title)

This paper presents a FIR Equiripple low pass filter design based on FPGA for eliminating high frequency noise from ECG signal. The filter architecture is partly serial and it is designed in MATLAB using direct form symmetric structure because implementation cost of symmetric structure is low as compared to direct form. The filter is designed using 16 bit input output precision. The filter design is synthesized on 2vp30fg676 and 5vlx50tff1136 device. Verilog Hardware Description Language (VHDL) is used for implementation of filter design on FPGA. Since coefficients are quantized in MATLAB to reduce design area and Xilinx 10.1 is used to simulate and synthesis the filter. Device utilization summary and speed comparison shows that filter design based on Virtex 5 is most speed efficient and device utilization ratio of partly serial architecture is better than fully parallel architecture. Keywords-Electromyogram(EMG);Electrocardiogram(ECG);Finite Impulse Response(FIR); Linear Time –Invariant(LTI) filter; Field programmable gate array (FPGA);
Time Course and Host Responses to Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection in Genetically Distinct Mouse Strains

ABSTRACT Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant clinical problem for many women; however, host susceptibility factors have not been completely defined. The mouse model of induced UTI provides an experimental environment in which to identify specific host characteristics that are important in initial bacterial colonization of the urinary tract and in resolution of an infection. This study examined initial susceptibility, bacterial clearance, and host defense mechanisms during induction and resolution of Escherichia coli UTIs in genetically distinct strains of mice. Of the ten inbred strains tested, six (BALB/c, C3H/HeN, C57BL/6, DBA.1, DBA.2, and AKR) showed progressive resolution of bladder infections over a 14-day period. A constant, low-level bladder infection was observed in SWR and SJL mice. High bladder infection levels persisted over the 14-day study period in C3H/HeJ and C3H/OuJ mice. Kidney infection levels generally correlated with bladder infection levels, especially in C3H/HeJ and C3H/OuJ mice, the two most susceptible strains, in which infections became more severe with time after challenge. The degree of inflammation in bladder and kidneys, as well as antibody-forming cell responses, positively correlated with infection intensity in all strains except C3H/HeJ, which had minimal inflammation despite high infection levels. These results demonstrate two important aspects of host defense against UTI. First, the innate immune response to an infection in the bladder or kidneys consists primarily of local inflammation, which is followed by an adaptive response characterized in part by an antibody response to the infecting bacteria. Second, a UTI will be spontaneously resolved in most cases; however, in mice with specific genetic backgrounds, a UTI can persist for an extended length of time. The latter result strongly suggests that the presence or absence of specific host genes will determine how effectively an E. coli UTI will be resolved.
Novel low cost 1-to-4 Microstrip Wilkinson Power Divider

A novel low cost 1-to-4 Microstrip Wilkinson Power Divider has been proposed in the frequency range of 1-4 GHz. The power divider is centered at 2.5 GHz and is ideal for use in Through Wall Sensing (TWS) applications. The design has been mathematically modeled and the results have been optimized using HFSS optimetrics. The 1-to-4 power divider has been designed by combining three 1-to-2 power dividers in cascade. The manufactured 1-to-4 power divider results have shown good parameters which are in line with simulation results.
Metodologia Baseada em Mineração de Dados para Apoio à Análise do Discurso de Telejornais

Este trabalho contempla o desenvolvimento de uma metodologia computacional para apoio a analise discursiva de videos televisivos, propondo uma abordagem de organizacao de metadados de conteudo multimidia com base no genero telejornal. Embora o sistema de televisao seja um dos mais importantes fenomenos de midia existentes, nota-se ainda uma forte carencia por sistemas de informacao que viabilizem a recuperacao e a analise efetiva de informacoes presentes em videos televisivos. Neste cenario, buscando contribuir com ferramentas computacionais automaticas para alcancar os objetivos informacionais sobre este universo, o presente trabalho propoe novas solucoes para o sistema de informacao multimidia do Centro de Apoio a Pesquisas sobre Televisao (CAPTE) do CEFET-MG, desenvolvido em parceira com o canal de televisao aberta Rede Minas. Especificamente, propoe-se a criacao de um modelo estrutural computacional para o genero telejornal e a utilizacao de tecnicas de mineracao de dados baseadas em associacao e sequencia com o intuito de extrair e interpretar os metadados indexados por meio desta metodologia. Resultados experimentais com uma base de dados de 41 edicoes gravadas das emissoras Rede Globo e Rede Minas demonstram que a abordagem proposta e promissora, identificando associacoes entre os metadados superiores a 90% de confianca.
The Sony PlayStation II EyeToy: Low-Cost Virtual Reality for Use in Rehabilitation

The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of using a low-cost video-capture virtual reality (VR) platform, the Sony PlayStation II EyeToy, for the rehabilitation of older adults with disabilities. This article presents three studies that were carried out to provide information about the EyeToy's potential for use in rehabilitation. The first study included the testing of healthy young adults (N = 34) and compared their experiences using the EyeToy with those using GestureTek's IREX VR system in terms of a sense of presence, level of enjoyment, control, success, and perceived exertion. The second study aimed to characterize the VR experience of healthy older adults (N = 10) and to determine the suitability and usability of the EyeToy for this population and the third study aimed to determine the feasibility of the EyeToy for use by individuals (N = 12) with stroke at different stages. The implications of these three studies for applying the system to rehabilitation are discussed.
Therapeutic potential of heme oxygenase-1 in cardiovascular disease

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) degrades heme to carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and ferrous iron. Through these products, HO1 mitigates cellular injury by exerting anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Several lines of evidence indicate that angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), mediate their proangiogenic action in endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cells through induction of HO1, and reciprocally, VEGF and SDF1 are enhanced by HO1 overexpression. Ferrous iron released during the breakdown of free heme by HO1 is an extremely pro-oxidative molecule that can be rapidly removed by ferritin. Of note, this iron sequestering protein also has been shown to exert some proangiogenic effects. Moreover, our recent data indicate that HO1 is an important mediator of differentiation and function of stem cells, including endothelial and myoblasts progenitors. All of this makes HO1 a promising target for novel cardiovascular therapies. The aim of this review is to discuss the existing knowledge and to propose the therapeutic approaches, which have to consider the necessity of tight regulation of HO1 expression.
CHANGE IN POWER OUTPUT ACROSS A HIGH‐REPETITION SET OF BENCH THROWS AND JUMP SQUATS IN HIGHLY TRAINED ATHLETES

Athletes experienced in maximal-power and power-endurance training performed 1 set of 2 common power training exercises in an effort to determine the effects of moderately high repetitions upon power output levels throughout the set. Twenty-four and 15 athletes, respectively, performed a set of 10 repetitions in both the bench throw (BT P60) and jump squat exercise (JS P60) with a resistance of 60 kg. For both exercises, power output was highest on either the second (JS P60) or the third repetition (BT P60) and was then maintained until the fifth repetition. Significant declines in power output occurred from the sixth repetition onwards until the 10th repetition (11.2% for BT P60 and 5% for JS P60 by the 10th repetition). These findings suggest that athletes attempting to increase maximal power limit their repetitions to 2 to 5 when using resistances of 35 to 45% 1RM in these exercises.
Derivational analogy: a theory of reconstructive problem solving and expertise acquisition

Abstract : Derivational analogy, a method of solving problems based on the transfer of past experience to new problem situations, is discussed in the context of other general approaches to problem solving. The experience transfer process consists of recreating lines of reasoning, including decision sequences and accompanying justifications, that proved effective in solving particular problems requiring similar initial analysis. The role of derivational analogy in case-based reasoning and in automated expertise acquisition is discussed. (Author)
Migration from Gasoline to Gaseous Fuel for Small-scale Electricity Generation Systems

This paper describes a study that gives a consideration to change fuel source for electriccity generator from gasoline to combustible gas. A gaseous fuel conversion technology is presented and its performance is compared with gasoline. In the experiment, two types of load were tested, resistive and resistive-inductive. By using both fuels mostly the power factor (Cos φ) of resistive-inductive load variations were greater than 0.8, and they had slight difference on operational voltage. The drawback of using gaseous fuel is the frequency of the electricity might be not reach the standard frequency (i.e. 50 Hz). In the lab scale experiment, the gasoline consumption increased proportionally with the load increase, while using gaseous fuel the consumption of gas equal also increased where the average consumption value is 100 gram per 15 minutes operation for the tested load in the experiment. The main advantage using gaseous fuel (liquefied petroleum gas or biogas) compared to gasoline is a cleaner emitted gas after combustion.
Sum-Rate Maximization in the Multicell MIMO Multiple-Access Channel with Interference Coordination

This paper is concerned with the maximization of the weighted sum-rate (WSR) in the multicell MIMO multiple access channel (MAC). We consider a multicell network operating on the same frequency channel with multiple mobile stations (MS) per cell. Assuming the interference coordination mode in the multicell network, each base-station (BS) only decodes the signals for the MSs within its cell, while the inter-cell transmissions are treated as noise. Nonetheless, the uplink precoders are jointly optimized at MSs through the coordination among the cells in order to maximize the network weighted sum-rate (WSR). Since this WSR maximization problem is shown to be nonconvex, obtaining its globally optimal solution is rather computationally complex. Thus, our focus in this work is on low-complexity algorithms to obtain at least locally optimal solutions. Specifically, we propose two iterative algorithms: one is based on successive convex approximation and the other is based on iterative minimization of weighted mean squared error. Both solution approaches shall then reveal the structure of the optimal uplink precoders. In addition, we also show that the proposed algorithms can be implemented in a distributed manner across the coordinated cells. Simulation results show a significant improvement in the network sum-rate by the proposed algorithms, compared to the case with no interference coordination.
Single Amino Acid Changes in the Nipah and Hendra Virus Attachment Glycoproteins Distinguish EphrinB 2 from EphrinB 3 Usage

The henipaviruses, Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV), are lethal emerging paramyxoviruses. EphrinB2 and ephrinB3 have been identified as receptors for henipavirus entry. NiV and HeV share similar cellular tropisms and likely use an identical receptor set, although a quantitative comparison of receptor usage by NiV and HeV has not been reported. Here we show that (i) soluble NiV attachment protein G (sNiV-G) bound to cell surface-expressed ephrinB3 with a 30-fold higher affinity than that of sHeV-G, (ii) NiV envelope pseudotyped reporter virus (NiVpp) entered ephrinB3-expressing cells much more efficiently than did HeV pseudotyped particles (HeVpp), and (iii) NiVpp but not HeVpp entry was inhibited efficiently by soluble ephrinB3. These data underscore the finding that NiV uses ephrinB3 more efficiently than does HeV. Henipavirus G chimeric protein analysis implicated residue 507 in the G ectodomain in efficient ephrinB3 usage. Curiously, alternative versions of published HeV-G sequences show variations at residue 507 that can clearly affect ephrinB3 but not ephrinB2 usage. We further defined surrounding mutations (W504A and E505A) that diminished ephrinB3-dependent binding and viral entry without compromising ephrinB2 receptor usage and another mutation (E533Q) that abrogated both ephrinB2 and -B3 usage. Our results suggest that ephrinB2 and -B3 binding determinants on henipavirus G are distinct and dissociable. Global expression analysis showed that ephrinB3, but not ephrinB2, is expressed in the brain stem. Thus, ephrinB3-mediated viral entry and pathology may underlie the severe brain stem neuronal dysfunction seen in fatal Nipah viral encephalitis. Characterizing the determinants of ephrinB2 versus -B3 usage will further our understanding of henipavirus pathogenesis.
Revision and phylogeny of the Caribbean weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)

Th e weevil genus Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834 (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Geonemini) is revised, including a redescription of the only previously known species, A. lateralis (Gyllenhal, 1834), and descriptions of fi ve new species: A. anodontos sp. n. , A. menocrater sp. n. , A. sotomayorae sp. n. , A. chariedris sp. n. , and A. hadroprion sp. n. Th e monophyly of Apotomoderes is supported by multiple synapomorphic character states including the two-segmented labial palps, a postocular constriction on the head, a sexually dimorphic, globular pronotum in males, and the presence of setae in the dorsal subapical region of the aedeagus. In addition, all species of Apotomoderes except A. anodontos have a large, knife-like cuticular tooth on the profemur and a toothed ridge along the anteromesal margin of the protibia. Illustrations of external and internal morphological traits are provided, along with a key to the six constituent species. A cladistic analysis of 12 taxa (6 outgroup, 6 ingroup) and 22 characters yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram (L=33, CI=75, RI=90) with the topology (A. anodontos, (A. menocrater, (A. sotomayorae, (A. lateralis, (A. chariedris, A. hadroprion))))). A species of Artipus Sahlberg (Naupactini) was placed as the most immediate relative of Apotomoderes; however, the state of phylogenetic knowledge of Caribbean entimine weevil is still too incomplete to warrant any higher level rearrangements. All species of Apotomoderes occur on Hispaniola with the exception of A. sotomayorae which is endemic to Mona Island, Puerto Rico. A historical biogeographic reconstruction yielded the taxon-area cladogram (southwestern Dominican Republic, (eastern Dominican Republic, Mona Island)), suggesting two successive eastbound colonization events in the Miocene/Pliocene, originating from the southern Hispaniola peninsula. Reliable host plant records are unavailable although adults of A. menocrater have been found on allspice (Pimenta Lindley; Myrtaceae) and lignum vitae (Guaiacum Linnaeus; Zygophyllaceae). ZooKeys 49: 33–75 (2010) doi: 10.3897/zookeys.49. 303 www.pensoftonline. net/zookeys Copyright N.M. Franz . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A peer-reviewed open-access journal
Subliminal mere exposure and explicit and implicit positive affective responses

Research suggests that repeated subliminal exposure to environmental stimuli enhances positive affective responses. To date, this research has primarily concentrated on the effects of repeated exposure on explicit measures of positive affect (PA). However, recent research suggests that repeated subliminal presentations may increase implicit PA as well. The present study tested this hypothesis. Participants were either subliminally primed with repeated presentations of the same stimuli or only exposed to each stimulus one time. Results confirmed predictions showing that repeated exposure to the same stimuli increased both explicit and implicit PA. Implications for the role of explicit and implicit PA in attitudinal judgements are discussed.
The Use of Qualitative Methods in Developing Implementation Strategies in Prevention Research for Stroke Survivors in Nigeria

Implementing complex clinical interventions is a key challenge in many global regions. Local communities play a necessary role in enhancing feasibility and strengthening adaptive issues in the design and implementation of stroke interventions in developing countries. Drawing on the knowledge of physicians, patients, and caregivers, the authors employed qualitative methods as a phase 1 strategy to explore the challenges of stroke management and improve the adaptability and efficient delivery of a multimodal preventive intervention for secondary stroke disease in Nigeria. A total of 22 individual interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals, as well as 12 focus groups with patients and caregivers. Findings revealed four operational domains to improve strategies for phase 2 implementation and intervention: (1) barriers influencing optimal adherence in stroke survivors, (2) patient health beliefs and perceptions of patient health beliefs by others, (3) adoption of the “patient report card,” and (4) “medical action plan” and family management strategies.
Poetiques du jeu. La metaphore ludique dans la theorie et la critique litteraires francaises au xxe siecle

La notion de jeu, aux sens multiples et contradictoires, ne peut etre etudiee en dehors des discours qui la fondent. A l'ere de la semiosis, la seule condition indispensable au jeu est l'idee de jeu que quelqu'un s'en fait, a l'interieur et/ou a l'exterieur de ce meme jeu, car les instances de realisation, pensee et enonciation ludiques peuvent differer. Cette these dresse un bilan metatheorique des usages de la notion de jeu dans la theorie et la critique litteraires francaises au xxe siecle. La 1e partie offre un panorama critique de l'evolution de la pensee de jeu en occident, depuis l'antiquite (heraclite, aristote. . . ) jusqu'au tournant de l'idealisme allemand, pour aborder ensuite les notions de jeu mises en place en psychologie, psychanalyse et sciences humaines au xxe siecle (piaget, freud, winnicott, bateson, goffman, huizinga, caillois, ehrmann, duvignaud. . . ) ; elle se clot par une discussion des liens entre jeu et philosophie au xxe siecle (nietzsche, heidegger, fink, bataille, gadamer, derrida, sutton-smith, henriot. . . ). La 2e partie inclut une analyse lexicologique et une reflexion -inspiree par ricoeur- sur le statut essentiellement metaphorique de la notion de jeu ; ensuite, une proposition de modele theorique a quatre niveaux de reference semantique : materiel, structure, contexte et attitude, envisages sous un angle general puis sous un angle specifiquement litteraire. Les criteres habituels de definition du jeu y sont retravailles en tant qu'indices semantiques. La 3e partie presente des poetiques du jeu particulierement significatives, en fonction de chacun de ces niveaux : livres-jouets, livres interactifs, jeux sur les mots pour le materiel ; jeu semiotique (barthes), metafiction et nouveau roman, oulipo et contrainte pour la structure ; dialogisme et carnavalesque bakhtiniens, theories de la parodie et de l'intertextualite pour le contexte ; esthetique de l'ironie (hamon), surrealisme et poetiques de la lecture (picard. . . ) pour l'attitude.