Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational Analyses of Thin-Sliced Behavior Segments in Session-Level Affect Perception

The ability to accurately judge another person's emotional states with a short duration of observations is a unique perceptual mechanism of humans, termed as the thin-sliced judgment. In this work, we propose a computational framework based on mutual information to identify the thin-sliced emotion-rich behavior segments within each session and further use these segments to train the session-level affect regressors. Our proposed thin-sliced framework obtains regression accuracies measured in Spearman correlations of 0.605, 0.633, and 0.672 on session-level attributes of activation, dominance, and valence, respectively. It outperforms framework using data of the entire session as baseline. The significant improvement in the regression correlations reinforces the thin-sliced nature of human emotion perception. By properly extracting these emotion-rich behavior segments, we obtain not only an improved overall accuracy but also bring additional insights. Specifically, our detailed analyses indicate that this thin-sliced nature in emotion perception is more evident for attributes of activation and valence, and the within-session time distribution of emotion-salient behavior is located more toward the ending portion. Lastly, we observe that there indeed exists a certain set of behavior types that carry high emotion-related content, and this is especially apparent in the extreme emotion levels.
Māori nurses’ experiences of the Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme

This study captures the kōrero pūrūkau (spoken experiences/perspectives) of Māori Registered Nurses from two New Zealand District Health Boards who transitioned from undergraduate study to practice by completing the Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme during 2010 to 2012. The research approach was informed by Kaupapa Māori (Māori approach), and semi-structured one-to-one interviews allowed participants to share their visions, feelings, and memories. A thematic analysis of the transcribed interviews identified two main categories: (a) Work Environment, with Māori Identity, Workload, Study, and Support being the emergent sub-themes and (b) Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme Experiences and Perceptions, with three sub-themes, namely, Before Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme, During Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme, and After Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme. The findings highlighted the challenges faced by new Māori Registered Nurses during Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme and identified the critical importance of support during this time of change. This study may provide useful information for the future development of Nursing Entry to Practice Transition Programme in New Zealand with the aim of retaining indigenous Registered Nurses.
Classification of discourse functions of affirmative words in spoken dialogue

Wepresentresultsofaseriesofmachinelearningexperi, mentsthataddresstheclassificationofthediscoursefunction� ofsingleaffirmativecuewordssuchas� alright,�okayand� mm-hminaspokendialoguecorpus. �Wesuggestthatasimple� discourse/sententialdistinctionisnotsufficientforsuch� wordsandproposetwoadditionalclassificationsub,tasks:� identifying�(a)�whethersuchwordsconveyacknowledgment� oragreement,�and�(b)�whethertheycuethebeginningorend� ofadiscoursesegment. �Wealsostudytheclassificationof� eachindividualwordintoitsmostcommondiscoursefunc, tions. � Weshowthatmodelsbasedoncontextualfeatures� extractedfromthetime,alignedtranscriptsapproachtheerror� rateoftrainedhumanaligners. � Index Terms:�cuewords,�discoursemarkers,�spokendialogue� systems. �
On Successive Refinement With Causal Side Information at the Decoders

Consider a process, {Xi Yi,Zi}infin i=1 producing independent copies of a triplet of jointly distributed random variables (RVs). The part of the process - the source - is observed at the encoder, and is supposed to be reproduced at two decoders, decoder 1 and decoder 2, where the {Zi} and the {Yi} parts of the process are observed, respectively, in a causal manner. The communication between the encoder and the decoders is carried out across two memoryless channels in two successive communication stages. In the first stage, the compressed transmission is available to both decoders, but only decoder 1 reconstructs the source (according to the received data stream and its causal side information (SI){Zi}). In the second stage, the second decoder reconstructs the source according to {Yi} and the transmissions of the encoder at both stages. It is desired to find necessary and sufficient conditions such that the distortions incurred (in each stage) will not exceed given thresholds. First, a single-letter characterization of achievable rates is derived for a pure source-coding problem with successive refinement and causal SI at the decoders. Then, for a joint source-channel coding setting, a separation theorem is proved, asserting that in the limit of long blocks, no optimality is lost by first applying lossy successive-refinement source coding, regardless of the channels, and then applying good channel codes to each one of the resulting bit streams, regardless of the source. Next, conditions for a source to be successively refinable in two different senses are established, and finally, it is shown that the binary-symmetric source is successively refinable.
Symmetry, Duality, and Anholonomy of Point Interactions in One Dimension

Abstract We analyze the spectral structure of a one-dimensional quantum mechanical system with point interaction, which is known to be parametrized by the group U(2). Based on the classification of the interactions in terms of symmetries, we show, on a general basis, how the fermion–boson duality and the spectral anholonomy recently discovered can arise. A vital role is played by a hidden su(2) formed by a certain set of discrete transformations, which becomes a symmetry if the point interaction belongs to a distinguished U(1) subfamily in which all states are doubly degenerate. Within the U(1), there is a particular interaction that admits the interpretation of the system as a supersymmetric Witten model.
Optimal trace scheduling using enumeration

This article presents the first optimal algorithm for trace scheduling. The trace is a global scheduling region used by compilers to exploit instruction-level parallelism across basic block boundaries. Several heuristic techniques have been proposed for trace scheduling, but the precision of these techniques has not been studied relative to optimality. This article describes a technique for finding provably optimal trace schedules, where optimality is defined in terms of a weighted sum of schedule lengths across all code paths in a trace. The optimal algorithm uses branch-and-bound enumeration to efficiently explore the entire solution space. Experimental evaluation of the algorithm shows that, with a time limit of 1 s per problem, 91% of the hard trace scheduling problems in the SPEC CPU 2006 Integer Benchmarks are solved optimally. For 58% of these hard problems, the optimal schedule is improved compared to that produced by a heuristic scheduler with a geometric mean improvement of 3.2% in weighted schedule length and 18% in compensation code size.
A Lightweight System for Detecting and Tolerating Concurrency Bugs

Along with the prevalence of multi-threaded programs, concurrency bugs have become one of the most important sources of software bugs. Even worse, due to the non-deterministic nature of concurrency bugs, these bugs are both difficult to detect and fix even after the detection. As a result, it is highly desired to develop an all-around approach that is able to not only detect them during the testing phase but also tolerate undetected bugs during production runs. However, existing bug-detecting and bug-tolerating tools are usually either <italic>1)</italic> constrained in types of bugs they can handle or <italic>2)</italic> requiring specific hardware supports for achieving an acceptable overhead. In this paper, we present a novel program invariant, name Anticipating Invariant (<sc>Ai</sc>), that can detect most types of concurrency bugs. More importantly, <sc>Ai</sc> can be used to anticipate many concurrency bugs before any irreversible changes have been made. Thus it enables us to develop a software-only system that is able to forestall failures with a simple thread stalling technique, which does not rely on execution roll-back and hence has good performance. Experiments with 35 real-world concurrency bugs demonstrate that <sc>Ai</sc> is capable of detecting and tolerating many important types of concurrency bugs, including both atomicity and order violations. It has also exposed two new bugs (confirmed by developers) that were never reported before in the literature. Performance evaluation with 6 representative parallel programs shows that <sc>Ai</sc> incurs negligible overhead (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$ < 1\%$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="wu-ieq1-2531666.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) for many nontrivial desktop and server applications.
LTR retrotransposon dynamics in the evolution of the olive (Olea europaea) genome

Improved knowledge of genome composition, especially of its repetitive component, generates important information for both theoretical and applied research. The olive repetitive component is made up of two main classes of sequences: tandem repeats and retrotransposons (REs). In this study, we provide characterization of a sample of 254 unique full-length long terminal repeat (LTR) REs. In the sample, Ty1-Copia elements were more numerous than Ty3-Gypsy elements. Mapping a large set of Illumina whole-genome shotgun reads onto the identified retroelement set revealed that Gypsy elements are more redundant than Copia elements. The insertion time of intact retroelements was estimated based on sister LTR’s divergence. Although some elements inserted relatively recently, the mean insertion age of the isolated retroelements is around 18 million yrs. Gypsy and Copia retroelements showed different waves of transposition, with Gypsy elements especially active between 10 and 25 million yrs ago and nearly inactive in the last 7 million yrs. The occurrence of numerous solo-LTRs related to isolated full-length retroelements was ascertained for two Gypsy elements and one Copia element. Overall, the results reported in this study show that RE activity (both retrotransposition and DNA loss) has impacted the olive genome structure in more ancient times than in other angiosperms.
The Experiences of Public Library Staff Developing Programs with Physical Activities: An Exploratory Study in North Carolina

Public libraries increasingly provide programs focused around moving the body and being physically active: everything from bike rodeos to chair-based yoga to music-and-movement programs. Although common, these programs have received little assessment in the scholarly literature. This article reports on an exploratory qualitative study of the experiences of staff in public libraries in the state of North Carolina that have developed and implemented these types of programs. Across the state, staff report developing a variety of programs that include physical activities for multiple audiences. The diversity associated with this programming area testifies to the creativity of library staff working in and with their communities. This study adds to the limited understanding of programs involving physical activity in libraries by identifying and articulating several key aspects that need attention, including how this programming relates to the overall mission of the library.
Towards MIMO-Aware 802.11n Rate Adaptation

In this paper, we use real experiments to study multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) 802.11n rate adaptation (RA) on a programmable access point (AP) platform. Our case study shows that existing RA solutions offer much lower throughput than even a fixed-rate scheme. It is proven that all such algorithms are MIMO-mode oblivious; they do not differentiate spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing modes. We first design MiRA, a novel MIMO RA scheme that zigzags between intra- and inter-MIMO modes to address MIMO 802.11n dynamics. Second, we examine a window-based RA solution, which runs an independent RA in each MIMO mode in parallel and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)-based MIMO RA that differentiates modes using SNR measurements. Our experiments show that MIMO-mode aware designs outperform MIMO-mode oblivious RAs in various settings, with goodput gains up to 73.5% in field trials.
Aptness between Teaching Roles and Teaching Strategies in ICT-Integrated Science Lessons

Teachers' perceptions about their roles may serve to support or oppose the integration of new practices while using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). To investigate this assertion, we followed the work of six leading teachers in their classrooms during a period of one academic year. By applying the descriptive-interpretive methodology we examined the teachers' role perception and their teaching strategies. The research tools included teachers' interviews, classroom observations, and an aptness matrix that was specially developed for this study. The qualitative analysis focused on four literature-based categories that indicate teachers' roles: guide, motivator, partner, and innovator. In addition, the analysis focused on four constructivist teaching strategies: visualization, problem-solving, inquiry, and reflective learning. Findings indicated that in the ICT lessons, teachers mainly act as guides and motivators while applying two teaching strategies: visualization and problem-solving. Only few teachers felt as innovators and only one teacher applied reflective learning. We demonstrate how the aptness matrix corresponds to the ACOT model for teachers' assimilation of ICT and how it can help teachers identify their own level of ICT implementation while promoting constructivist teaching and learning in their classrooms.
Power-Congestion-Distortion Optimized Transmission for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN) brings a new set of design challenges due to their specific application requirement, stringent delay, complexity and power constraints. To meet the particular demands of efficient communication in WMSN, a cross-layer design (CLD) approach is proposed in this paper. We make use of off-the-shelf algorithms with a specific emphasis on physical and transport layers, while exploiting the information exchanged between the layers. An application layer power-congestion-distortion (P-C-D) optimized transmission policy was proposed for multi-path and realtime multimedia communication. Simulation results showed optimal trade-offs can be made between available routes and transmission opportunities such that communication power is minimized under an end-toend distortion constraint.
Structuring Frames for Change : A Comparative Case Study of IT-enabled Organizational Change

This paper examines how two organizations used information technologies (IT) to introduce the same type of IT-enabled organizational change with radically different outcomes. Building on a grounded theory comparative analysis of the two cases, the paper develops a process model of IT-enabled organizational change centered on the interaction of two factors: 1) the templates (i.e. cognitive frames) used by the organizational change‟s key players to interpret the strategy, implementation, and nature of the change; 2) the environmental and organizational context in which the change occurs. The organizational context and the relative number of issues contained in a cognitive frame (i.e. frame breadth) are found to jointly influence the evolution of actors‟ cognitive frames during the process of change, thereby shaping change outcomes. Narrow frames are found to hinder change in highly formalized organizations, whereas broad frames facilitate change in less formalized organizations.
Robust invariant descriptors for visual object recognition

In the state-of-the-art visual object recognition, there are a number of descriptors that have been proposed for various visual recognition tasks. But it is still difficult to decide which descriptors have more significant impact on this task. The descriptors should be distinctive and at the same time robust to changes in viewing conditions. This paper evaluates the performance of two distinctive feature descriptors, known as SIFT and extended-SURF (e-SURF) in the context of object class recognition. Local features are computed for 11 object classes from PASCAL VOC challenge 2007 dataset and clustered using K-means method. Support Vector Machines (SVM) is used in order to analyse the performance of the descriptors in recognition. By evaluating these two descriptors it can be concluded that e-SURF slightly perform better than SIFT descriptors.
Different phosphorylation states of the anaphase promoting complex in response to antimitotic drugs: A quantitative proteomic analysis

The anaphase promoting complex (APC) controls the degradation of proteins during exit from mitosis and entry into S-phase. The activity of the APC is regulated by phosphorylation during mitosis. Because the phosphorylation pattern provides insights into the complexity of regulation of the APC, we studied in detail the phosphorylation patterns at a single mitotic state of arrest generated by various antimitotic drugs. We examined the phosphorylation patterns of the APC in HeLa S3 cells after they were arrested in prometaphase with taxol, nocodazole, vincristine, or monastrol. There were 71 phosphorylation sites on nine of the APC subunits. Despite the common state of arrest, the various antimitotic drug treatments resulted in differences in the phosphorylation patterns and phosphorylation stoichiometries. The relative phosphorylation stoichiometries were determined by using a method adapted from the isotope-free quantitation of the extent of modification (iQEM). We could show that during drug arrest the phosphorylation state of the APC changes, indicating that the mitotic arrest is not a static condition. We discuss these findings in terms of the variable efficacy of antimitotic drugs in cancer chemotherapy.
Graphical Representation for Heterogeneous Face Recognition

Heterogeneous face recognition (HFR) refers to matching face images acquired from different sources (i.e., different sensors or different wavelengths) for identification. HFR plays an important role in both biometrics research and industry. In spite of promising progresses achieved in recent years, HFR is still a challenging problem due to the difficulty to represent two heterogeneous images in a homogeneous manner. Existing HFR methods either represent an image ignoring the spatial information, or rely on a transformation procedure which complicates the recognition task. Considering these problems, we propose a novel graphical representation based HFR method (G-HFR) in this paper. Markov networks are employed to represent heterogeneous image patches separately, which takes the spatial compatibility between neighboring image patches into consideration. A coupled representation similarity metric (CRSM) is designed to measure the similarity between obtained graphical representations. Extensive experiments conducted on multiple HFR scenarios (viewed sketch, forensic sketch, near infrared image, and thermal infrared image) show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Artesunate Induces Oxidative DNA Damage, Sustained DNA Double-Strand Breaks, and the ATM/ATR Damage Response in Cancer Cells

Artesunate, the active agent from Artemisia annua L. used in the traditional Chinese medicine, is being applied as a first-line drug for malaria treatment, and trials are ongoing that include this drug in cancer therapy. Despite increasing interest in its therapeutic application, the mode of cell killing provoked by artesunate in human cells is unknown. Here, we show that artesunate is a powerful inducer of oxidative DNA damage, giving rise to formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase–sensitive sites and the formation of 8-oxoguanine and 1,N6-ethenoadenine. Oxidative DNA damage was induced in LN-229 human glioblastoma cells dose dependently and was paralleled by cell death executed by apoptosis and necrosis, which could be attenuated by radical scavengers such as N-acetyl cysteine. Oxidative DNA damage resulted in DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) as determined by γH2AX foci that colocalized with 53BP1. Upon chronic treatment with artesunate, the level of DSB continuously increased over the treatment period up to a steady-state level, which is in contrast to ionizing radiation that induced a burst of DSB followed by a decline due to their repair. Knockdown of Rad51 by short interfering RNA and inactivation of DNA-PK strongly sensitized glioma cells to artesunate. These data indicate that both homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining are involved in the repair of artesunate-induced DSB. Artesunate provoked a DNA damage response (DDR) with phosphorylation of ATM, ATR, Chk1, and Chk2. Overall, these data revealed that artesunate induces oxidative DNA lesions and DSB that continuously increase during the treatment period and accumulate until they trigger DDR and finally tumor cell death. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(12); 2224–33. ©2011 AACR.
Investigation of localized thermal vias for temperature reduction in 3D multicore processors

3D stacking of integrated circuits is a promising idea for increasing the processor performance. However, the major challenge is overcoming thermal issues due to excessive power density. In this paper, using Intel's Haswell processor as an example, we analyze the thermal behavior of an eight-core processor implemented as a 2D chip and as a 3D architecture with two layers. We also investigate the use of localized thermal vias for improving the thermal behaviour of the 3D stack. We show that the peak temperature can be significantly reduced (by 5.8°C in our case) due to the implementation of thermal vias.
Relational Mobility and Caution about Friends the Cultural Psychology of Relational Mobility and Cautious Intimacy Relational Mobility and Caution about Friends 2 the Cultural Psychology of Relational Mobility and Cautious Intimacy Theoretical Framework: the Cultural Psychology of Relationship

Previous research has contrasted patterns of cautious or prevention-oriented relationality in various West African settings with patterns of growth or promotion-oriented relationality in many North American settings. The present research draws upon the concept of relational mobility to test the hypothesis that different patterns of relationality have their source in respective affordances for embedded interdependence or abstracted independence. Study 1 investigated the relationship between cautious intimacy and perception of relational mobility among a sample of Hong Kong students. Study 2 compared students in Hong Kong and North American settings to test whether differences in perception of relational mobility mediated hypothesized differences in caution about friends. Study 3 used an experimental manipulation among a sample of Hong Kong students to test the hypothesis that increased perception of relational mobility reduces caution about friends. Results reveal broad support for hypotheses. Whether as a measured variable or as an experimental treatment, the perception of relational mobility was negatively related to caution about friends. Moreover, this relationship mediated hypothesized cross-national differences in caution about friendship. Discussion of results considers intersections of cultural and ecological approaches to psychology and implications for theoretical conceptions of interdependence.