Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A centralised cytology screening programme for cervical cancer in Florence.

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a centralised population based cervical cytology screening programme. DESIGN--The study was a case-control investigation. SETTING--Cases and controls were confined to the province of Florence. PARTICIPANTS--191 out of 208 cases of cervical cancer in women less than 75 years old at diagnosis in the period 1982-85 were interviewed. For each case three living controls were selected, strictly matched by year of birth and district of residence; in all 573 controls were eventually identified. Of these, 15 had had a hysterectomy (2.6%) and were excluded, and a further 18 (3.2%) did not take part for other reasons, leaving a total of 540 controls. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS--Screening history was taken from a computerised archive for both cases and controls. A mail questionnaire was used to collect information on several potential confounding variables. For women screened only once in comparison with those never screened, the reduction in risk was about 70% (odds ratio 0.29. 95% confidence limits 0.15-0.55), while the reduction was even greater for those screened twice or more. No trend of increasing risk with increasing interval since last test was shown: considering separately women who had only had one test and those who had had two or more tests, the risk estimates were stable across different time intervals since the last test. CONCLUSIONS--There is a strong protective effect against developing invasive cervical cancer through participation in the screening programme.
Basigin expression and regulation in mouse ovary during the sexual maturation and development of corpus luteum

Basigin is a highly glycosylated transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Basigin‐deficient male mice are azoospermic. The majority of basigin null embryos die around the time of implantation. However, basigin expression and regulation in mouse ovary is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate basigin expression in mouse ovary during sexual maturation, gonadotropin treatment, and luteal development by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Both basigin mRNA and immunostaining were not detected in the granulosa cells of preantral follicles until day 20 after birth. On day 30 after birth, basigin immunostaining dropped to a basal level, while basigin mRNA was still at a high level. Basigin expression was strongly induced by equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) treatment at 4 and 8 hr post‐eCG injection. Both basigin immunostaining and mRNA signals were strongly observed in the corpus luteum on days 2 and 3 post‐hCG injection. However, no basigin expression was detected from days 6 to 15 post‐hCG injection. In conclusion, our data suggest that basigin may play a role during the mouse follicle development and corpus luteum formation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 68: 135–141, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analog integrated circuit for detection of approaching object against moving background based on lower animal vision

A network for displaying target edges without displaying those of the background was proposed based on the insect visual system. The measured results of a test chip fabricated with 1.2 /spl mu/m CMOS process showed that simple analog circuits constructing the network operate correctly. A test chip of the proposed network was also fabricated with the same process. It was clarified from the measured results that the network can only output signals of target edges. A network for detection of an approaching object, which inputs edge signals, was contained in the fabricated chip. The measured results showed that the chip can detect the approaching velocity and direction and recognize a simple shape such as a circle, square, rectangle and triangle without affecting the background.
One-Way Control of FWA Imprinting in Arabidopsis Endosperm by DNA Methylation

The Arabidopsis FWA gene was initially identified from late-flowering epigenetic mutants that show ectopic FWA expression associated with heritable hypomethylation of repeats around transcription starting sites. Here, we show that wild-type FWA displays imprinted (maternal origin–specific) expression in endosperm. The FWA imprint depends on the maintenance DNA methyltransferase MET1, as is the case in mammals. Unlike mammals, however, the FWA imprint is not established by allele-specific de novo methylation. It is established by maternal gametophyte–specific gene activation, which depends on a DNA glycosylase gene, DEMETER. Because endosperm does not contribute to the next generation, the activated FWA gene need not be silenced again. Double fertilization enables plants to use such “one-way” control of imprinting and DNA methylation in endosperm.
Indicators for competent nursing practice.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND This paper identifies and classifies indicators for competent nursing practice and validates these indicators in a variety of settings. Descriptive data to address competent practice in a variety of settings were collected from staff nurses, head nurses and nursing directors in an acute 1000-bed university hospital in Finland. METHOD The data obtained from 25 expert groups were analysed to identify a clinical set of indicators for competent nursing practice from the data. The relevance of this set of indicators in a variety of clinical settings was further validated with a second sample of expert nurses (n = 26). Thereafter, data were analysed to identify generic competencies that were applicable to all clinical working environments. RESULTS Twenty-three generic indicators of competent nursing practice were identified in a variety of settings. The findings suggest that these competence indicators are meaningful to nurses with various backgrounds and practice settings. CONCLUSIONS Collaboration and coordination, as well as the holistic management of the situation, are highly recognized as meaningful characteristics of competent nursing practice.
Comparison of Authenticated-Encryption schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks

Security is an important concern in any modern network. This also applies to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), especially those used in applications that monitor sensitive information (e.g., health care applications). However, the highly constrained nature of sensors impose a difficult challenge: their reduced availability of memory, processing power and energy hinders the deployment of many modern cryptographic algorithms considered secure. For this reason, the choice of the most memory-, processing- and energy-efficient security solutions is of vital importance in WSNs. To date, several authors have developed extensive analyses comparing different encryption algorithms and key management schemes, while very little attention has been given to message authentication mechanisms. In this paper, we address this issues by identifying Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) schemes suitable for WSNs and by evaluating their features and performance on TelosB sensor nodes. As a result of this analysis, we identify the recommended choices depending on the characteristics of the target network.
Poor Agreement Between Dialysis Unit Blood Pressure and Interdialytic Ambulatory Blood Pressure

Although ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) monitoring (ABPM) is often considered to have an advantage over dialysis unit blood pressure (BP) in dialysis patients, the exact relationship between these two measurements of BP has not been well determined. In a cohort of 90 Chinese dialysis patients, agreement between dialysis unit BP (predialysis and postdialysis BP) and interdialytic ABP was evaluated using Bland‐Altman plots and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient for quantitative analysis, and inter‐rater agreement (κ) for qualitative analysis. Limits of agreement between dialysis unit BP and ABP were wide (predialysis systolic BP: −33.5 to 20.9 mm Hg; predialysis diastolic BP: −22.2 to 11.9 mm Hg; postdialysis systolic BP: −25.4 to 26.5 mm Hg; postdialysis diastolic BP: −18.4 to 12.3 mm Hg). Lin's concordance correlation coefficient exhibited a poor agreement with concordance correlation coefficients of 0.75, 0.81, 0.64, and 0.75 for predialysis systolic BP, postdialysis systolic BP, predialysis diastolic BP, and postdialysis diastolic BP, respectively. When BP level was classified into quartiles, an increasing trend for incorrect classification rate was observed with deleterious hypertension, with the highest value in grade 3 hypertension (100% and 75.0% for predialysis and postdialysis BP, respectively). Therefore, these data suggest that agreement between dialysis unit BP and interdialytic ABP is poor in Chinese dialysis patients, and the bias for patients with higher degree of hypertension is more prominent.
MANY: Open Source MT System Combination at WMT’10

LIUM participated in the System Combination task of the Fifth Workshop on Statistical Machine Translation (WMT 2010). Hypotheses from 5 French/English MT systems were combined with MANY, an open source system combination software based on confusion networks currently developed at LIUM. The system combination yielded significant improvements in BLEU score when applied on WMT'09 data. The same behavior has been observed when tuning is performed on development data of this year evaluation.
The Galaxies distribution as given from the Voronoi Diagrams

The density probability distributions of 3D sectional area and 3D volume are explored implementing the Voronoi diagrams. The adopted theoretical framework used to fit the area/volume distributions is a gamma–variate depending from one parameter. In order to match the filaments of galaxies and voids , as given for example by the CFA2 slices, the equality between the observed maximum area and the maximum cross–sectional area deduced from the Monte Carlo simulation is imposed.
Sociocultural Identity and Arab Women's and Men's Code-Choice in the Context of Patriarchy

This article investigates young women's and men's speech in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during a formal interview. Women frequently employed vernacular pronunciation and showed greater use of dialectal Arabic lexicon, often distinctively more localized. Men, on the other hand, approximated more closely to Standard Arabic speech. In the context of Arab patriarchy, it is argued that each gender's preference for code choice can be explained by social and cultural norms that impose differential entitlements to the public sphere. Social meaning conveyed by speakers' code choices is described in relation to the social indexical effect of each variety.
PROPERTIES OF TURBULENCE IN THE VERY LOCAL INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS

We have investigated the degree to which turbulence in the Very Local Interstellar Clouds resembles the highly studied turbulence in the solar corona and the solar wind, particularly the high-speed solar wind. The turbulence diagnostics for the Local Clouds are the absorption line widths measured along 32 lines of sight to nearby stars, yielding measurements for 53 absorption components. We have tested whether the Local Cloud turbulence has the following properties of turbulence in the solar corona or the solar wind: (1) velocity fluctuations mainly perpendicular to the average magnetic field, (2) a temperature anisotropy in the sense that the perpendicular temperature is larger than the parallel temperature (or at least enhanced relative to expectation), and (3) an ion temperature which is dependent on the ion Larmor radius, in the sense that more massive ions have higher temperatures. Our analysis of the data does not show compelling evidence for any of these properties in Local Cloud turbulence, indicating possible differences with the aforementioned heliospheric plasmas. In the case of anisotropy of velocity fluctuations, although the expected observational signature is not seen, we cannot exclude the possibility of relatively high degrees of anisotropy (anisotropy parameter ϵ ∼ 0.50–0.70), if some other process in the Local Clouds is causing variations in the turbulent line width from one line of sight to another. We briefly consider possible reasons for differences between heliospheric turbulence and that in the Local Clouds. The apparent absence of anisotropy of the velocity fluctuations and ion temperature might be due to randomization of the interstellar magnetic field on spatial scales ∼10 pc, but this would not explain the absence of ion mass dependence in the ion temperature. A likely explanation for the absence of temperature anisotropy and mass-proportional temperature in the Local Clouds, and the presence of these effects in the corona and high-speed solar wind, is the greater collisionality, due to ion–neutral collisions, of the partially ionized Local Cloud plasma.
Colored Petri nets for multiscale systems biology - Current modeling and analysis capabilities in snoopy

Systems biology has introduced a number of multiscale challenges, which, however, can be tackled by colored Petri nets, but not by traditional approaches like ordinary differential equations or Petri nets. In this paper, after a brief covering of multiscale challenges of systems biology, we report the modeling and analysis capabilities of colored Petri nets, which Snoopy by now offers, and describe how these capabilities are used to address those multiscale challenges. In doing so, we aim to attract more researchers to use the powerful capabilities of colored Petri nets to model and analyze multiscale biological systems.
Presynaptic Ryanodine-Sensitive Calcium Stores Contribute to Evoked Neurotransmitter Release at the Basket Cell-Purkinje Cell Synapse

Presynaptic terminals of cerebellar basket cells are known to contain ryanodine-sensitive calcium stores (RyCSs); recently, it has been shown that these stores control the frequency of miniature synaptic currents in the absence of presynaptic spiking. Here, using paired recordings of basket cell-Purkinje cell synapses, we show that blocking the RyCSs with high concentration of ryanodine decreases the mean amplitude of evoked IPSCs to 70% of the control value. The paired-pulse ratio and failure rate increase, indicating that the reduction stems from a decreased probability of evoked neurotransmitter release. Various control experiments eliminate the possibility of an indirect effect of ryanodine via activation of postsynaptic receptors. Prolonged application of cyclopiazonic acid, a blocker of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium pump, totally abolishes the ryanodine action. Our results indicate that calcium released from presynaptic RyCSs enhances the amplitude of evoked GABAergic synaptic currents. The precise mechanism by which calcium released from internal stores affect action potential-dependent release is unknown; however, our results suggest that these stores do not provide additional calcium for each presynaptic action potential; rather, they appear to enhance depolarization-induced calcium signals indirectly, perhaps by increasing the basal level of cytosolic calcium concentration in the vicinity of release sites.
Handling Intrusion Detection System using Snort Based Statistical Algorithm and Semi-supervised Approach

Intrusion detection system aims at analyzing the severity of network in terms of attack or normal one. Due to the advancement in computer field, there are numerous number of threat exploits attack over huge network. Attack rate increases gradually as detection rate increase. The main goal of using data mining within intrusion detection is to reduce the false alarm rate and to improve the detection rate too. Machine learning algorithms accomplishes to solve the detection problem. In this study, first we analyzed the statistical based anomaly methods such as ALAD, LEARAD and PHAD. Then a new approach is proposed for hybrid intrusion detection. Secondly, the advantage of both supervised and unsupervised has been used to develop a semi-supervised method. Our experimental method is done with the help of KDD Cup 99 dataset. The proposed hybrid IDS detects 149 attacks (nearly 83%) out of 180 attacks by training in one week attack free data. Finally, the proposed semi-supervised approach shows 98.88% accuracy and false alarm rate of 0.5533% after training on 2500 data instances.
The impact of social value orientations on negotiator cognition and behavior

Prior research using experimental games has demonstrated that social value orientations affect the ways in which individuals approach and react to interdependent others; prosocials exhibit greater cooperation than individualists and competitors. This article extends these lines of research by examining the influence of social value orientations on negotiation cognition and behavior. Consistent with predictions, prosocials, relative to individualists and competitors, exhibited lower levels of demand, exhibited greater levels of concessions, and ascribed greater levels of fairness and considerateness to the other person. Moreover, prosocials as well as individualists and competitors exhibited tendencies toward logrolling, making greater concessions on low-priority rather than high-priority issues. The discussion describes several theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Forgetting curves in the testing effect: A bifurcation model explanation

The beneficial effect of testing over restudying has been proven to be quite robust. Hereby, research has mainly focused on finding a crossover interaction. In contrast, this study focused on the underlying processes of the testing effect, by modeling the forgetting curves of the items in the study and test condition. Hereby, we extended the traditional testing effect experiment by including four measurement moments, which varied in timing for each participant. Additionally, the four parameter logistic (4PL) model was used to fit the forgetting curves as an alternative to the popular power law function. This allowed for more freedom in the form of forgetting and allowed us to test the predictions made by the bifurcation model explanation of the testing effect. Based on the bifurcation model explanation, it was hypothesized that the slope of the curves would be similar, while the location of the curves would differ. Overall, 53 students participated in our study. They studied 64 LithuanianDutch word pairs in both the study and test condition and were tested on four time points using cued recall tests. The results showed a clear crossover interaction. Interestingly, the modeled curves showed that the location of the forgetting curve differed per condition, while the slope was similar. Where, forgetting was initiated earlier in the test condition. These findings support the bifurcation model explanation. Additionally, the model predicted the beneficial effect of testing to persist on the long term.
Condition Numbers of the Generalized Sylvester Equation

This note is devoted to the perturbation analysis for the generalized Sylvester equations (AX-YB, DX-YE)= (C, F), which have some important applications in control and system theory. Expressions and upper bounds for normwise, mixed, and componentwise condition numbers are presented. The results are illustrated by numerical examples.
Yum-me: Personalized Healthy Meal Recommender System

Many ubiquitous computing projects have addressed health and wellness behaviors such as healthy eating. Healthy meal recommendations have the potential to help individuals prevent or manage conditions such as diabetes and obesity. However, learning people's food preferences and making healthy recommendations that appeal to their palate is challenging. Existing approaches either only learn high-level preferences or require a prolonged learning period. We propose Yum-me, a personalized healthy meal recommender system designed to meet individuals' health goals, dietary restrictions, and fine-grained food preferences. Marrying ideas from user preference learning and healthy eating promotion, Yum-me enables a simple and accurate food preference profiling procedure via an image-based online learning framework, and projects the learned profile into the domain of healthy food options to find ones that will appeal to the user. We present the design and implementation of Yum-me, and further discuss the most critical component of it: FoodDist, a state-of-the-art food image analysis model. We demonstrate FoodDist's superior performance through careful benchmarking, and discuss its applicability across a wide array of dietary applications. We validate the feasibility and effectiveness of Yum-me through a 60-person user study, in which Yum-me improves the recommendation acceptance rate by 42.63% over the traditional food preference survey.
Symbol Error Probability of Cluster-Based Cooperative Cellular Networks

This paper analyzes the symbol error probability (SEP) of cluster-based cooperative networks where a finite cluster of base stations jointly detect multiple in-cluster users in the presence of out- of-cluster interference. For such a network, we derive new accurate upper and lower bounds on the SEP of the in-cluster users with Rayleigh fading, arbitrary path loss, and M-ary phase-shift keying modulation. We further derive new asymptotic expressions to accurately characterize the SEP saturation limit arising from out-of-cluster interference. To obtain deeper insights, we extend our analysis to consider Rician fading with line- of-sight paths from the in-cluster users to their nearest base stations. Numerical examples illustrate the accuracy of our results and highlight novel aspects of fading channels, path loss, cluster configurations, and user locations on the SEP of cluster-based cooperative cellular networks.
Extracting MRS discriminant functional features of brain tumors

The current challenge in automatic brain tumor classification based on MRS is the improvement of the robustness of the classification models that explicitly account for the probable breach of the independent and identically distributed conditions in the MRS data points. To contribute to this purpose, a new algorithm for the extraction of discriminant MRS features of brain tumors based on a functional approach is presented. Functional data analysis based on region segmentation (RSFDA) is based on the functional data analysis formalism using nonuniformly distributed B splines according to spectral regions that are highly correlated. An exhaustive characterization of the method is presented in this work using controlled and real scenarios. The performance of RSFDA was compared with other widely used feature extraction methods. In all simulated conditions, RSFDA was proven to be stable with respect to the number of variables selected and with respect to the classification performance against noise and baseline artifacts. Furthermore, with real multicenter datasets classification, RSFDA and peak integration (PI) obtained better performance than the other feature extraction methods used for comparison. Other advantages of the method proposed are its usefulness in selecting the optimal number of features for classification and its simplified functional representation of the spectra, which contributes to highlight the discriminative regions of the MR spectrum for each classification task. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.