Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPatial Atmospheric Cloud Explorer (SPACE): IEEE SciVis Contest 2014

Our system, the Spatial Atmospheric Cloud Explorer (SPACE), is designed to aid scientists in studying the global atmospheric effects caused by volcanic eruptions. In this system, we allow users to view the data on either a 3D spherical model of the earth (Figure 1) or a “2D” equirectangular projection (Figure 2) where longitude and latitude represent the x or y coordinates of the image respectively. Mapping altitude information in the z direction can also give the projected view a 3D representation when viewed at certain angles. While the spherical model provides a more realistic view with enhanced 3D structure the projection delivers a better overview of the data distribution in the geospatial domain. The MIPAS detections are shown in 3D and are represented as point sprites as seen in Figure 2. Different colors are assigned to the points to represent the type of each detection. The CLaMS trajectories are shown as curves in 3D and represent the estimated history of the MIPAS point location through time. An image showing the CLaMS trajectories can be seen in Figure 3. The tail of the trajectory becomes transparent over time so that users can easily distinguish the front of the trajectory. Each curve is also multicolored representing scalar values at that particular point in time. By studying how the color changes along a trajectory, users can gain temporal insight from just a single frame of the animation. As the AIRS dataset has no altitude information, we represent it as a 2D texture projected onto the earth’s surface as seen in Figure 4. Color intensity is used to represent the strength of the measured value. Moreover, since the different data modalities all reside in the same geospatial and temporal domain, we can display them in conjunction with one another. We display temporal variations in each of the datasets as an animation that users can play, pause, and seek through. While the CLaMS trajectories have a more quasi-continuous representation, the MIPAS and AIRS datasets have a lower temporal resolution. For these datasets, we load an appropriate time window (usually 12 hours) in order to match the current time frame while still providing global coverage of the data. The length of the CLaMS curves is then adjusted to match the time window. Users can toggle the rendering of each of the three data modalities separately, significantly reducing the amount of clutter in the visualization. In addition, users can choose to isolate CLaMS trajectories in either the northern or southern hemispheres and adjust the length of the curves by changing the time window size. In order to help users efficiently browse through the data, we implement a number of “bookmarks” at key events, such as the eruption date of each volcano. Users can quickly jump to a particular eruption instead of tediously seeking through less interesting timesteps. 2 LINKING MIPAS DETECTIONS TO ERUPTIONS (TASK 2)
Family and Friend Participation in Primary Care Visits of Patients With Diabetes or Heart Failure: Patient and Physician Determinants and Experiences

Background:Professional and patient groups have called for increased participation of patients' informal support networks in chronic disease care, as a means to improve clinical care and self-management. Little is known about the current level of participation of family and friends in the physician visits of adults with chronic illnesses or how that participation affects the experience of patients and physicians. Methods:Written survey of 439 functionally independent adults with diabetes or heart failure and 88 of their primary care physicians (PCPs). Patients were ineligible if they had a memory disorder, needed help with activities of daily living, or were undergoing cancer treatment. Results:Nonprofessional friends or family (“companions”) regularly participated in PCP visits for nearly half (48%) of patients. In multivariable models, patients with low health literacy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.9, confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–5.7), more depressive symptoms (AOR: 1.3, CI: 1.1–1.6), and 4 or more comorbid illnesses (AOR: 3.7, CI: 1.3–10.5) were more likely to report companion participation. Patients reported that they were more likely to understand PCP advice (77%) and discuss difficult topics with the physician (44%) when companions participated in clinic visits. In multivariable models, companion participation was associated with greater patient satisfaction with their PCP (AOR: 1.7, CI: 1.1–2.7). Most PCPs perceived visit companions positively, however 66% perceived 1 or more barriers to increasing companion participation, including increased physician burden (39%), inadequate physician training (27%), and patient privacy concerns (24%). Conclusion:Patients' companions represent an important source of potential support for the clinical care of functionally independent patients with diabetes or heart failure, particularly for patients vulnerable to worse outcomes. Companion participation in care was associated with positive patient and physician experiences. Physician concerns about companion participation are potentially addressable through existing training resources.
Frequency and Outcome of Pulmonary Polymethylmethacrylate Embolism during Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: During percutaneous polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) vertebroplasty (PV), PMMA cement may migrate into the venous system and subsequently be transported to the pulmonary arteries. Frequency, outcome, and imaging findings of PMMA pulmonary embolism are poorly understood. We retrospectively assessed the frequency and outcome of PMMA embolism during PV in a large patient cohort and evaluated the relationship of the volume of injected PMMA to the occurrence of pulmonary PMMA embolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2001 and 2007, 532 osteoporotic compression fractures in 299 consecutive patients were treated with PV. PMMA embolism was defined as venous PMMA migration toward the lungs visible on biplane fluoroscopy during PV. CT was performed immediately and 1 year after PMMA migration. RESULTS: Venous PMMA migration occurred during 11 PVs in 11 patients (2.1%, 95% confidence interval, 1.1–3.7%). CT in 8 patients demonstrated small peripheral pulmonary PMMA emboli. All 11 patients remained asymptomatic during 1-year follow-up. Repeat CT scanning after 1 year in 6 patients demonstrated unchanged pulmonary PMMA deposits without late reactive changes. Mean injected cement volume in patients with and without PMMA embolism was not different (3.6 ± 1.06 mL versus 3.3 ± 1.16 mL, P = .43). Similar comparison for thoracic and thoracolumbar vertebrae yielded P values of . 07 and . 9. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary PMMA embolism during PV is an infrequent complication without permanent clinical sequelae. After 1 year, no pulmonary reaction was seen on CT. No definite relationship of PMMA emboli with injected cement volume could be established.
Glutaric Acid and Its Metabolites Cause Apoptosis in Immature Oligodendrocytes: A Novel Mechanism of White Matter Degeneration in Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency

Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by elevated concentrations of glutaric acid (GA) and its metabolites glutaconic acid (GC) and 3-hydroxy-glutaric acid (3-OH-GA). Its hallmarks are striatal and cortical degeneration, which have been linked to excitotoxic neuronal cell death. However, magnetic resonance imaging studies have also revealed widespread white matter disease. Correspondingly, we decided to investigate the effects of GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA on the rat immature oligodendroglia cell line, OLN-93. For comparison, we also exposed the neuroblastoma line SH-SY5Y and the microglia line BV-2 to GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA. Cell viability was measured by metabolism of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis via annexin-V, anti-active caspase-3 antibody, and propidium iodide staining. GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA reduced OLN-93 oligodendroglia cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Toxicity of GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA was abrogated by preincubation with the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk. Apoptosis but not necrosis was detected at various stages (early: annexin-V; effector: caspase-3) after 24–48 h of incubation with GA, GC, or 3-OH-GA in OLN-93 but not in neuroblastoma or microglia cells. OLN-93 lacked expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, making classical glutamatergic excitotoxicity an unlikely explanation for the selective toxicity of GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA for OLN-93 cells. GA, GC, and 3-OH-GA directly initiate the apoptotic cascade in oligodendroglia cells. This mechanism may contribute to the white matter damage observed in glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
Enhancing adoptive parenting: A randomized controlled trial

The aim was to conduct a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate two parenting programmes designed for adopters of children late placed from care. Adoptive parents, with children between 3 and 8 years who were screened to have serious behavioural problems early in the placement, participated in home-based, manualized, parenting programmes delivered by trained and supervised family social workers. The adopters who agreed to join the study were randomly allocated to one of two parenting interventions or to a “services as usual” group. Baseline, immediate post-intervention and six-month follow-ups were assessed using questionnaires and adopter interviews. No cases were lost to follow-up at any point and satisfaction was high with both parenting interventions. At the six-month follow-up, a significant difference (p < 0.007) was found for “satisfaction with parenting” in favour of the intervention group (Effect Size d = 0.7). Negative parenting approaches were reduced in the intervention group. However, no significant differences in child problems were found between the intervention groups and control group, adjusting for baseline scores. Costs analysis showed that a relatively modest investment in post-adoption support would be well spent in improving adopters’ satisfaction with parenting in the intervention group compared to the routine service group.
SmartMTra: Robust Indoor Trajectory Tracing Using Smartphones

Using smartphones for indoor motion trajectory tracing has attracted a lot of attention in recent years, which offers great potential to support a broad spectrum of applications in indoor environment, including elder care, business analysis, and navigation. Yet most existing approaches only work for certain pedestrian’s motion modes or smartphone’s carrying patterns, which lack the robustness and adaptability to general scenarios. In this paper, we propose SmartMTra, a comprehensive, robust, and accurate solution for indoor motion trajectory tracing based on smartphone’s built-in inertial sensors. Through analyzing the data from inertial sensors, we extract a set of features that are found to be highly related to human’s physical activities, which can help to identify motion mode and phone’s carrying pattern through a decomposition model. After that, SmartMTra utilizes the pedestrian dead reckoning technique, which involves estimating step counts, step-length, and heading direction, to achieve accurate trajectory tracing. We have conducted extensive experiments to evaluate the performance of SmartMTra in a campus building, and the results demonstrate the robustness of SmartMTra in various scenarios, as well as the superiority of SmartMTra over the state-of-the-art solutions.
Gallstone Disease and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Objectives: Gallstone disease shares certain risk factors with cardiovascular disease, particularly metabolic risk factors. Patients with gallstone disease may be at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Several recent studies exploring the effect of gallstone disease on cardiovascular disease outcomes demonstrated inconsistent results. Design: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies that compared the risk of developing cardiovascular disease events in patients with gallstone disease versus non-gallstone disease controls. Data from each study were combined using the random-effects, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird to calculate the pooled hazard ratio, odd ratio, and 95% confidence interval. Results: Data were extracted from six studies involving 176,734 cases and 803,714 controls. The pooled hazard ratio of cardiovascular events in patients with gallstone disease was 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.23–1.33, I2 = 42%). The pooled odd ratio of cardiovascular events in patients with gallstone disease was 1.82 (95% confidence interval: 1.47–2.24, I2 = 68%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with gallstone disease.
Cell‐penetrating peptides as antifungals towards Malassezia sympodialis

Aim: To determine whether different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cell‐penetrating peptides (CPPs) are able to inhibit the growth of the commensal yeast Malassezia sympodialis, which can act as a trigger factor in different skin disorders, such as atopic eczema (AE), seborrhoeic eczema (SE) and dandruff.
Observation of the Wannier-Stark quantization in a semiconductor superlattice.

La quantification de Wannier-Stark qui se manifeste par un deplacement vers le bleu de la limite d'absorption optique et est accompagnee d'un nouveau type d'oscillations electrooptiques du coefficient d'absorption est mise en evidence dans le superreseau GaAs-AlGaAs par mesure du coefficient d'electroreflexion a tres basse temperature
Integration of Regulatory Networks by NKX3-1 Promotes Androgen-Dependent Prostate Cancer Survival

ABSTRACT The NKX3-1 gene is a homeobox gene required for prostate tumor progression, but how it functions is unclear. Here, using chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled to massively parallel sequencing (ChIP-seq) we showed that NKX3-1 colocalizes with the androgen receptor (AR) across the prostate cancer genome. We uncovered two distinct mechanisms by which NKX3-1 controls the AR transcriptional network in prostate cancer. First, NKX3-1 and AR directly regulate each other in a feed-forward regulatory loop. Second, NKX3-1 collaborates with AR and FoxA1 to mediate genes in advanced and recurrent prostate carcinoma. NKX3-1- and AR-coregulated genes include those found in the “protein trafficking” process, which integrates oncogenic signaling pathways. Moreover, we demonstrate that NKX3-1, AR, and FoxA1 promote prostate cancer cell survival by directly upregulating RAB3B, a member of the RAB GTPase family. Finally, we show that RAB3B is overexpressed in prostate cancer patients, suggesting that RAB3B together with AR, FoxA1, and NKX3-1 are important regulators of prostate cancer progression. Collectively, our work highlights a novel hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network between NKX3-1, AR, and the RAB GTPase signaling pathway that is critical for the genetic-molecular-phenotypic paradigm in androgen-dependent prostate cancer.
Using Administrative Data for Mortality Risk Adjustment in Pediatric Congenital Cardiac Surgery*

Objective: To evaluate the performance of risk-adjustment models from the University HealthSystem Consortium and the Agency for Healthcare Research Quality on an administrative dataset for children undergoing congenital cardiac surgery. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional cohort analysis. Setting: Multi-institutional database of administrative data provided by the University HealthSystem Consortium. Patients: Children whose discharge diagnosis had an associated cardiac surgical procedure. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: The performance of two risk-adjustment modeling schemata was measured in terms of discrimination and calibration, and receiver operating characteristic curves were compared. Model calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. A total of 19,436 patients were included in the analysis with 816 deaths and an unadjusted overall mortality rate of 4.2%. The University HealthSystem Consortium models applied to the entire population resulted in an area under the curve = 0.73, and by comparison, the Agency for Healthcare Research Quality risk-adjustment model revealed area under the curve = 0.86. The risk-adjustment model of the University HealthSystem Consortium subgroup of Circulatory System Major Diagnostic Category 5 showed better performance with area under the curve = 0.81. Calibration using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test failed to show good agreement between the predicted and actual outcomes across the University HealthSystem Consortium mortality risk groups with an overall standardized mortality ratio of 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1–1.3; p < 0.0001) and poor predictive ability for the highest risk group, with a nearly 1.5-fold overprediction of death. The Agency for Healthcare Research Quality model shared similar calibration results with an overall standardized mortality ratio of 1.6 (95% CI, 1.5–1.7; p < 0.0001) and a nearly two-fold underprediction of death in the highest risk group. Conclusions: Administrative data can be used to create risk-adjustment models in the congenital cardiac surgery population. Risk-adjustment models generated from administrative data may represent an attractive addition to clinically derived models in pediatric congenital cardiac surgery patients and should be considered for use either alone or in combination with clinical data in future analyses where mortality is a measure of performance and quality.
Hepatic cavernous hemangioma: temporal peritumoral enhancement during multiphase dynamic MR imaging.

PURPOSE To determine whether temporal parenchymal enhancement around hepatic cavernous hemangiomas can be correlated with the rapidity of intratumoral contrast material enhancement and/or tumor volume at dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dynamic MR images obtained in 94 patients with 167 hemangiomas were retrospectively reviewed for peritumoral enhancement. Tumor volume was estimated by using the longest dimension on nonenhanced images. Speed of intratumoral contrast material enhancement was determined with early nonequilibrium phase images and was categorized as rapid (>75% of tumor volume), intermediate (25%-75% of tumor volume), or slow (<25% of tumor volume). RESULTS Thirty-two of the 167 hemangiomas (19%) had temporal peritumoral enhancement, which was more common in hemangiomas with rapid enhancement (20 of 49 [41%]) than in those with intermediate (12 of 62 [19%]) and slow (0 of 56 [0%]) enhancement (P: <.001). The mean diameter of the hemangiomas with peritumoral enhancement was not significantly different from that of hemangiomas without peritumoral enhancement (P: >.05). Hemangiomas with rapid enhancement (mean diameter, 16 mm +/- 8), however, were significantly smaller than those with intermediate enhancement (mean diameter, 33 mm +/- 34) (P: <.001). CONCLUSION Temporal peritumoral enhancement on dynamic MR images of hepatic hemangiomas correlates well with the speed of intratumoral contrast material enhancement and was most commonly encountered in rapidly enhancing small lesions. There was no statistically significant relationship, however, between peritumoral enhancement and tumor volume.
Predicting Health‐Promoting Lifestyles in the Workplace

A multivariate model proposed as explanatory and predictive of health-promoting lifestyles was evaluated in a sample of 589 employees enrolled in six employer-sponsored health-promotion programs. Perceived personal competence, definition of health, perceived health status, and perceived control of health accounted for 31% of the variance in health-promoting lifestyle patterns. Employees who reported more health-promoting lifestyles perceived themselves as competent in handling life situations, defined health as high-level wellness rather than merely the absence of illness, evaluated their health positively, and perceived their health as affected by significant others but not by chance or luck. Those who were female, older, and in the maintenance phase of the company fitness program also had healthier lifestyle patterns. These variables and the perception of health as internally controlled were predictive of health-promoting lifestyles three months later.
Ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using a second‐generation cryoballoon catheter or contact‐force sensing radiofrequency ablation catheter: A comparison of costs and long‐term clinical outcomes

Although noninferiority of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) and radiofrequency catheter ablation for antral pulmonary vein isolation (APVI) has been reported in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), it is not clear whether contact force sensing (CF‐RFA) and CBA with the second‐generation catheter have similar procedural costs and long‐term outcomes. The objective of this study is to compare the long‐term efficacy and cost implications of CBA and CF‐RFA in patients with PAF.
Analysis of the herpes simplex virus genome during in vitro latency in human diploid fibroblasts and rat sensory neurons

We have previously designed in vitro model systems to characterize the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genome during in vitro virus latency. Latency was established by treatment of infected human embryo lung fibroblast (HEL-F) cells or rat fetal neurons with (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and human leukocyte interferon and was maintained by increasing the incubation temperature after inhibitor removal. Virus was reactivated by reducing the incubation temperature. We have now examined the HSV-1-specific DNA content of latently infected HEL-F cells and rat fetal neurons treated with (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and human leukocyte interferon and increased temperature. The HEL-F cell population contained, on an average, between 0.25 and 0.5 copies of most, if not all, HSV-1 HindIII and XbaI DNA fragments per haploid cell genome equivalent. In contrast, the latently infected neurons contained, on an average, 8 to 10 copies per haploid cell genome equivalent of most HSV-1 BamHI DNA fragments. There was no detectable alteration in size or molarity of the HSV-1 terminal or junction DNA fragments obtained by HindIII, XbaI, or BamHI digestion of the latently infected neuron or HEL-F cell DNA, as compared with digestion of a reconstruction mixture of purified HSV-1 virion and HEL-F cell DNAs. These data suggest that the predominant form of the HSV-1 genome in either latently infected cell population is nonintegrated, linear, and nonconcatameric.
G&agr;i2 and G&agr;q Expression Change in Pancreatic Tissues and BN52021 Effects in Rats With Severe Acute Pancreatitis

Objective: To investigate change of G&agr;i2, G&agr;q mRNA, and their proteins in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and BN52021 effects. Methods: Rats were assigned into negative-controlled group (NC), SAP-modeled group (SAP), and BN52051-remedial group (BN). Each group was assigned into 6 subgroups at different time points. G&agr;i2, G&agr;q mRNA, and their proteins were determined. Results: In the SAP group, G&agr;i2 at 12 and 24 hours and G&agr;q at 1 and 6 hours were remarkably higher than those in the NC group; in the BN Group, G&agr;i2 is not remarkably different from that in the SAP group, but G&agr;q at 1 and 6 hours was lower than those in the SAP group (P < 0.01), and G&agr;i2 at 12 hours was higher than that in the NC group (P < 0.05), but G&agr;q was not remarkably different from that in the NC group; in the SAP group, G&agr;i2 and G&agr;q proteins were higher than those in the NC group (P < 0.05); in the BN group, G&agr;i2 proteins at 6, 12, and 24 hours and G&agr;q proteins were lower than those in the SAP group (P < 0.05), and G&agr;i2 and G&agr;q proteins at each time phase point except 24 hours were higher than those in the NC group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: G&agr;i2, G&agr;q mRNA, and their proteins in SAP increase. BN52021 decreases G&agr;i2 and G&agr;q.