Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deadlock-Free Path-Based Fault-Tolerant Multicast Communications on 2-D Mesh Networks-on-Chip

The move towards nanoscale Integrated Circuits (ICs) increases performance and capacity, but poses process variation and reliability challenges which may cause several faults on routers in Networks-on-Chip (NoCs). While utilizing healthy routers in an NoCs is desirable, faulty regions with different shapes are formed gathering faulty routers. Fault regions can be used to lead the fault-tolerant routing algorithms to perform data transmission between healthy routers. Besides, the increasing number of collective communication-based services with a mass interest and the parallel increasing demand for service quality are paving the way toward end-to-end quality of service guarantees. The collective communication services embrace multicast (the same message is sent from a source node to an arbitrary number of destination nodes). This paper presents the fault-tolerant mesh-based wormhole-switched NoCs which supports deadlock-free path-based multicast routing. This technique fills the gap of not having optimum multicast fault-tolerant wormhole-switched approaches and also maintains minimal routing path which tolerates both convex and concave fault regions while keeping the area and power overhead at a proper level. Multicast messages are injected to the network by sending a message header beforehand. The message header contains destination addresses to set-up multicast path connecting a source with multiple destination nodes. Moreover, the fault information is kept locally and each faultfree processor needs to know the status of the link incident on it only. Performance of the proposed methodology is simulated under different network conditions and show that it degrades gracefully in the presence of various fault patterns.
Effects Of spatial anti-aliasing methods for stereoscopic 3D image on visual comfort

In stereoscopic 3D image viewing, there's a special problem that negative disparity causes frequency stretch, which results in a spatial-frequency aliasing - Disparity Adaptive Spatial Frequency Aliasing (DASFA). This problem potentially causes viewer discomfort. In order to eliminate this aliasing, the region of the stereoscopic 3D image with negative disparity need to be low-pass filtered. But few works focus on comparing effects of the filtering methods for DASFA elimination on visual comfort. In this paper, we compare the effects of three anti-aliasing filtering methods for stereoscopic 3D image on visual comfort: (1) multi-threshold anti-aliasing filtering - both left and right image are low-pass filtered with non-uniform cut-off frequency; (2) single-threshold anti-aliasing filtering - both image pair are low-pass filtered with uniform cut-off frequency; (3) asymmetric anti-aliasing filtering - right image filtered by the multi-threshold anti-aliasing filter, left image is unfiltered. We implement the three filtering systems and conduct a subjective experiment. The results show that: the multi-threshold method can improve visual comfort when the Absolute Value of Minimum Negative Disparity (AVMND) of a S3D image is not very large; but the single-threshold method will cause over-blurring and lead to visual discomfort; the effect of the asymmetric method is not obvious.
Model of load balancing and scheduling in Cloud computing

While implementing Cloud based platforms it is complicated to determine the adequate quantity of resources in order to satisfy variable workload with peaks. Some projects are lost because of under provisioning of Cloud resources, as well as costly resources are wasted during nonpeak periods. It is known that not all projects must be processed on time, i.e. some of them may be postponed for a certain time. Within this context, it is presumed that postponement's opportunity can reduce the probability of projects not to be executed, at the same time to determine the lower quantity of own resources by taking into account minimal costs. Such strategy of workload balancing and projects scheduling is validated by the experiment.
Mesh of Tree: Unifying Mesh and MFPGA for Better Device Performances

In this paper we present a new clustered mesh FPGA architecture where each cluster local interconnect is implemented as an MFPGA tree network. Unlike previous clustered mesh architectures, the mesh of tree allows us to consider large clusters sizes (thanks to MFPGA depopulated local interconnect). Experimentation shows that we obtain a reduction of 14% in switches number and 2 times in the placement and routing run time. Furthermore, compared to MFPGA, the mesh of tree achieves full mutability of all MCNC benchmarks since we can easily control both clusters LUTs occupation and mesh channel width
Collaborative learning of ethical decision-making via simulated cases

This paper describes the development and evaluation of an educational simulation that supports collaborative learning of ethical decision-making (EDM). This collaboration-based simulation serves as the core component of an information ethics course. Twenty-two graduate students used the simulation during the second half of a semester-long course. Twenty of the twenty-two students (91%) completed a written survey describing their experiences with the simulation as well as the course as a whole. The research question is: What did students learn from using the simulation as part of this course? Salient themes that emerged from the analysis included that students gained a greater understanding of the following: 1) their own EDM, 2) the EDM of others, 3) the importance of EDM; 4) the complexity of EDM, and 5) how EDM can be applied to their careers and everyday lives. Overall, using the simulation proved to be an effective collaborative learning experience for students.
Modified epithelial cell distribution in

Although airway epithelium is known to be modified during chro- nic respiratory diseases, epithelial cells have rarely been precisely quantified. We therefore intended to evaluate epithelial cell distribution in inflammatory airways, using a cytological approach. Nasal airway cells in 12 patients with nonallergic chronic rhinitis were sampled by brushing, quantified after cytocentrifugation and compared to those from eight controls. Cell populations were quantified after May-Grunwald Giemsa staining and α-tubulin immunolabelling to demonstrate ciliary differentiation. When compared to controls, rhinitis patients exhibited lower percentages of cil- iated cells (59±4 versus 32±2%, respectively), and higher percentages of goblet (24±3 versus 37±2%) and basal cells (9±1 versus 18±2%). After tubulin immuno- labelling, positive staining was specifically detected in cells with cilia (LC+), and in the cytoplasm of some small round cells without obvious cilia (LC-). Fewer immunolabelled cells were detected in rhinitis patients than in controls (with sig- nificantly lower percentages of LC+ and higher percentages of LC-). Nasal brushing is an effective technique for quantification of airway epithelial cells. Tubulin immunolabelling is useful to detect ciliated cells and distinguishes another cell population, possibly preciliated cells. These cytological findings sug- gest the presence of modifications of epithelial differentiation and proliferation, possibly related to local chronic inflammation.
Corneal thickness measurements with the Topcon SP-2000P specular microscope and an ultrasound pachymeter.

OBJECTIVE To compare the reproducibility of measurements obtained with a new pachymetry instrument, the Topcon specular microscope (Topcon SP-2000P; Topcon America Corp, Paramus, NJ), with those obtained by ultrasound pachymetry. METHODS Corneal thickness was measured in 40 eyes of 40 patients 3 times each with the Topcon SP-2000P and an ultrasound pachymeter (DGH 500, DGH Technology Inc, Exton, Pa) by 2 separate investigators. Comparisons included average thickness as measured by each instrument, average thickness for each instrument as measured by each investigator, and differences in thickness due to corneal abnormalities. RESULTS Mean corneal thickness measured by the Topcon instrument was significantly less (32 microm; P<.001) than the mean value obtained with the ultrasound pachymeter. Similarly, mean values obtained with the 2 instruments by the 2 investigators were significantly different (P<.001 and .008 for investigators 1 and 2, respectively), with the Topcon value less than the ultrasound value in both cases. Both instruments detected abnormalities in corneal thickness equally well. However, the measurements obtained with the Topcon instrument by the 2 investigators were more consistent (no significant difference [P=.32]) than those obtained with the ultrasound unit (difference was significant [P=.02]). CONCLUSIONS The new noncontact Topcon specular microscope provides measurements of corneal thickness that are somewhat less than those of ultrasound pachymetry, but that seem to be more consistent from one operator to another, possibly as a result of the elimination of observer bias induced by probe placement required by the ultrasound unit. This consistency may be important in the comparison of measurements by different operators over time in patients being followed up after refractive surgery or other therapeutic interventions.
An Efficient Indexing Method for Mobile Sensor Data Collection on Integrated Sensor Networks

Due to the recent popularization of mobile devices such as smartphones, we can collect many mobile sensor data from them. By creating the spatial indexes for the nodes that manage the sensor data, the system can speed up the selection of their necessary nodes. However, conventional indexing methods cannot reduce the number of indexes effectively since they do not manage the data considering their spatial differences. By merging the range information of an index with others based on their distances, the number of indexes can be reduced. Hence, In this paper, we propose an efficient indexing method for mobile sensor data collection on integrated sensor networks. Our evaluation revealed that our proposed method can reduce the number of indexes and traffic for constructing indexes.
Glycemic Profiles of Healthy Individuals with Low Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c

Scant data exists on glucose profile variability in healthy individuals. Twenty-nine healthy subjects without diabetes (86% male; mean age, 38 years) were measured by a CGM system and under real-life conditions. The median percentage of time spent on the blood glucose >7.8 mmol/L for 24 hrs was greater than 10% in both NFG and IFG groups. When subjects were divided into either NFG group (i.e., FPG levels of <5.6 mmol/L; n = 22) or IFG group (FPG levels of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L; n = 7), all CGM indicators investigated but GRADE scores, including glucose variability measures, monitoring excursions, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and 24-hour AUC, did not differ significantly between the two groups. GRADE score and its euglycemia% were significantly different between the two groups. Among various CGM indicators, GRADE score may be a sensitive indicator to discriminate glucose profiles between subjects with NFG and those with IFG.
Ambiguity: the emerging impact of mindfulness for change leaders

ABSTRACT It is well established that ambiguity occurs in most transformational organization change efforts; however, we do not fully understand how change leaders cope with ambiguity and in particular the impact mindfulness may have on managing ambiguity. We explore this phenomenon through a mixed method design. Our findings suggest that leaders who draw on mindfulness deal with ambiguity in new and different ways. More specifically mindfulness enhances leaders’ abilities to interact with others, maintain perspective, and attune with others’ emotional states. Mindful change leaders also appear to more frequently practice self-awareness and self-care, as well as focus on building capacity through increased resilience. Our findings have important implications for change leaders as well as organizational members in general.
Scheduling Divisible Loads from Multiple Input Sources in MapReduce

MapReduce is a programming model for data-intensive applications. The performance of MapReduce is greatly affected by the scheduling efficiency, which needs to consider both the parallelism of processing and overhead of data transmission. Lots of researches only focus on optimizing scheduling mechanisms or data storage strategies to reduce the overhead of data transmission in big data applications. The analysis of MapReduce carried out doesn't consider the overhead of data transmission sufficiently. This paper proposes a divisible load scheduling model to describe the data transmission and task execution in MapReduce. The task allocation and corresponding data transmission are abstracted as scheduling divisible loads from multiple input sources. With the established model, the optimal distribution of input data and scheduling of loads in map phase are presented with linear programming. The performance of map phase is evaluated and analyzed under different environments.
The digital code driven autonomous synthesis of ibuprofen automated in a 3D-printer-based robot

An automated synthesis robot was constructed by modifying an open source 3D printing platform. The resulting automated system was used to 3D print reaction vessels (reactionware) of differing internal volumes using polypropylene feedstock via a fused deposition modeling 3D printing approach and subsequently make use of these fabricated vessels to synthesize the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen via a consecutive one-pot three-step approach. The synthesis of ibuprofen could be achieved on different scales simply by adjusting the parameters in the robot control software. The software for controlling the synthesis robot was written in the python programming language and hard-coded for the synthesis of ibuprofen by the method described, opening possibilities for the sharing of validated synthetic ‘programs’ which can run on similar low cost, user-constructed robotic platforms towards an ‘open-source’ regime in the area of chemical synthesis.
Compressive Sensing using L 0 norms

Optimization of user controlled parameters for High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is an important factor in reducing total dose delivery time while maintaining treatment safety and effectiveness. I will show that z‐path pattern which employs a middle‐front‐back x‐y plane drill pattern is more effective than possible permutations of the same treatment order, is more effective than other commonly employed “heuristic” treatment path strategies, and is weakly dependent on the power used in the treatment. I will also show analytically that an optimal focal zone size and shape exist and that a largest possible focal zone size is not optimal. Methods: Simulations were performed on a region of tissue measuring 3.3x3. 3x3.1mm in x,y,z respectively, with the z‐axis being the direction of ultrasound propagation. The acoustic and thermal properties of the region were those of water and homogeneous perfusion 0.5 kg/m^3/s was assumed throughout. Additionally, normal tissue heating limits were incorporated by imposing a “constraint plane” with a z‐direction normal 5mm from the tissue region and 6 degrees max temperature. Ultrasound beam propagation was simulated using previously developed software (Payne, 2008). A fixed set of 45 sites and 108 sites received simulated dose for the path and focal zone size studies respectively. Five different types of paths(x‐z plane raster, x‐y plane raster, heuristic longest distance, x‐y knight distance pattern, and z‐plane “drill” pattern) over power densities ranging from 0.61x10^7 to 1.05x10^7(W/m^3) were studied, with the drill pattern also exploring the six possible permutations between the front, middle, and back z‐planes. The focal zone size simulations studied the focal zone used in the path optimization studies and translated in the x‐y plane by the “time sharing” model with sizes of 9x9mm and 3x3mm. Results: Graph1 shows dosage times for 11 different paths. The longest dosage time shown is the low power X‐Z raster path , with a total time of 995s. The shortest time shown is a Z‐plane drill path with a total time of 134s. The main advantages of the drill path over the raster path consist of preheating of front/back focal areas, which reduces heating of the normal tissue and required cooling times. Also, the 108 position path required a dosing time of 2545s versus two 9x9mm focal zones (one with a “hole” in the middle and one without) with dosage times of 7604s and 6804s respectively. Conclusion: We have shown that dosing time reductions of almost a factor of 10 are possible when using an ideal path and higher power versus a standard path and lower power for dose delivery. We have also shown the existence of an upper limit on the size of an optimal focal zone size.
idden oscillations in drilling syste s ith salient pole synchronous otor

Recently the question on drilling rigs failures due to hidden oscillations was actively discussed. For instance, it was shown by the scientific group from Eindhoven University of Technology that such oscillations may appear in drilling rigs actuated by DC motor. In the works of the authors same effect was found for models of rigs with induction motor. Here a new mathematical model of a drilling rig activated by a salient pole synchronous motor is considered. Numerical modelling of the obtained model is performed.
Riesgo de pobreza o exclusión social: evolución durante la crisis y perspectiva territorial / Risk of Poverty or Social Exclusion: Evolution during the Economic Crisis and Territorial Perspective

This paper uses a regional perspective to analyse the progression of the risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) rate in Spain during the recent crisis period. Various methodological issues related to how the components of the AROPE rate are integrated have brought into question its suitability as the Europe 2020 strategy indicator. As these problems are accentuated in the analysis of individual territories, this paper examines the effect of using regional poverty thresholds. When these are included, the risk of poverty or social exclusion is more consistent with the standard of living enjoyed in each territory. In addition, this paper mainly on the poverty rate by the application of a multiple linear regression model. Nonetheless, the explanatory power of the deprivation and employment indicators diminishes when using regional poverty thresholds.
Adaptive shoot and root responses collectively enhance growth at optimum temperature and limited phosphorus supply of three herbaceous legume species.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies on the effects of sub- and/or supraoptimal temperatures on growth and phosphorus (P) nutrition of perennial herbaceous species at growth-limiting P availability are few, and the impacts of temperature on rhizosphere carboxylate dynamics are not known for any species. METHODS The effect of three day/night temperature regimes (low, 20/13 °C; medium, 27/20 °C; and high, 32/25 °C) on growth and P nutrition of Cullen cinereum, Kennedia nigricans and Lotus australis was determined. KEY RESULTS The highest temperature was optimal for growth of C. cinereum, while the lowest temperature was optimal for K. nigricans and L. australis. At optimum temperatures, the relative growth rate (RGR), root length, root length per leaf area, total P content, P productivity and water-use efficiency were higher for all species, and rhizosphere carboxylate content was higher for K. nigricans and L. australis. Cullen cinereum, with a slower RGR, had long (higher root length per leaf area) and thin roots to enhance P uptake by exploring a greater volume of soil at its optimum temperature, while K. nigricans and L. australis, with faster RGRs, had only long roots (higher root length per leaf area) as a morphological adaptation, but had a higher content of carboxylates in their rhizospheres at the optimum temperature. Irrespective of the species, the amount of P taken up by a plant was mainly determined by root length, rather than by P uptake rate per unit root surface area. Phosphorus productivity was correlated with RGR and plant biomass. CONCLUSIONS All three species exhibited adaptive shoot and root traits to enhance growth at their optimum temperatures at growth-limiting P supply. The species with a slower RGR (i.e. C. cinereum) showed only morphological root adaptations, while K. nigricans and L. australis, with faster RGRs, had both morphological and physiological (i.e. root carboxylate dynamics) root adaptations.
Tucana: Design and Implementation of a Fast and Efficient Scale-up Key-value Store

Given current technology trends towards fast storage devices and the need for increasing data processing density, it is important to examine key-value store designs that reduce CPU overhead. However, current key-value stores are still designed mostly for hard disk drives (HDDs) that exhibit a large difference between sequential and random access performance, and they incur high CPU overheads. In this paper we present Tucana, a feature-rich key-value store that achieves low CPU overhead. Our design starts from a Be-tree approach to maintain asymptotic properties for inserts and uses three techniques to reduce overheads: copy-on-write, private allocation, and direct device management. In our design we favor choices that reduce overheads compared to sequential device accesses and large I/Os. We evaluate our approach against RocksDB, a state-of-the-art key-value store, and show that our approach improves CPU efficiency by up to 9.2× and an average of 6× across all workloads we examine. In addition, Tucana improves throughput compared to RocksDB by up to 7×. Then, we use Tucana to replace the storage engine of HBase and compare it to native HBase and Cassandra two of the most popular NoSQL stores. Our results show that Tucana outperforms HBase by up to 8× in CPU efficiency and by up to 10× in throughput. Tucana's improvements are even higher when compared to Cassandra.
Multiple Human Tracking in Dynamic Environment

A mobile robot needs to perceive the objects around it and track their moving in real time. Also it need to identif y the property of the object, for example, it’s human or not. Many researches have been done by using Laser-Based system or vis ionbased system. The key challenge is that though laser-scanne r can get a good estimated position of object in the laser range, it may miss some objects that are blocked by other objects sometime s and is very difficult to identify it’s human or not. For Vision Based system, it is difficult to estimate the position of obje cts in the real world. In our paper, we use both laser-based system a nd vision-based system to track the objects in the laser range a nd identify its human or not when the objects are in the camera range. So we have a global information about the objects in th e laser range and its human or not. A Simple Bayes Filter is used in the Laser-Based System, Particle Filter and Adaboost obj ect detection algorithm are used in the Vision-Based System.
A Symmetric MAC Protocol for CSMA Busses in Dynamic Distributed Real-time Systems

By using a hybrid scheduling algorithm consisting of static offline scheduling and dynamic online scheduling, hard deadlines can be guaranteed, while achieving optimal resource utilization by soft real-time activities. This paper introduces a medium access control (MAC) protocol for a CSMA bus, which supports the hybrid scheduling of hard and soft real-time messages on the bus. The key issues considered here, are distinguishing hard and soft real-time constraints, achieving high resource utilization, and avoiding single points of failure by a symmetric distributed medium access control scheme.