Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
O-Glycosylation of a Secretory Granule Membrane Enzyme Is Essential for Its Endocytic Trafficking*

Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) (EC 1.14.17.3) catalyzes peptide amidation, a crucial post-translational modification, through the sequential actions of its monooxygenase (peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase) and lyase (peptidyl-α-hydroxyglycine α-amidating lyase (PAL)) domains. Alternative splicing generates two different regions that connect the protease-resistant catalytic domains. Inclusion of exon 16 introduces a pair of Lys residues, providing a site for controlled endoproteolytic cleavage of PAM and the separation of soluble peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase from membrane-associated PAL. Exon 16 also includes two O-glycosylation sites. PAM-1 lacking both glycosylation sites (PAM-1/OSX; where OSX is O-glycan-depleted mutant of PAM-1) was stably expressed in AtT-20 corticotrope tumor cells. In PAM-1/OSX, a cleavage site for furin-like convertases was exposed, generating a shorter form of membrane-associated PAL. The endocytic trafficking of PAM-1/OSX differed dramatically from that of PAM-1. A soluble fragment of the cytosolic domain of PAM-1 was produced in the endocytic pathway and entered the nucleus; very little soluble fragment of the cytosolic domain was produced from PAM-1/OSX. Internalized PAM-1/OSX was rapidly degraded; unlike PAM-1, very little internalized PAM-1/OSX was detected in multivesicular bodies. Blue native PAGE analysis identified high molecular weight complexes containing PAM-1; the ability of PAM-1/OSX to form similar complexes was markedly diminished. By promoting the formation of high molecular weight complexes, O-glycans may facilitate the recycling of PAM-1 through the endocytic compartment.
Predictors of Repeated High-Intensity-Effort Ability in Rugby League Players.

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between repeated high-intensity-effort (RHIE) ability and selected physical qualities in rugby league players. METHODS Sixteen rugby league players underwent measurements of upper-body strength (4-repetitionmaximum [4RM] bench press, weighted chin-up, weighted dips), upper-body muscle endurance (body-mass maximum-repetition chin-up, body-mass maximum-repetition dips), lower-body strength (4RM squat), estimated maximal aerobic power (multistage fitness test), and RHIE ability. The RHIE-ability test consisted of 1 × 10-m sprint, 3 × full-contact 1-on-1 tackling efforts, and a 30-m jog recovery. Players performed 4 repetitions of the test, with each repetition completed in 40 second. During the RHIE test, player speed was evaluated with a 10-m sprint effort while the movement of players was recorded using a wearable micro-technology device. 2D Player Load was used to quantify the collision component of the test. RESULTS Speed decrement was lower for the first- (-2.4% ± 1.0%) than the second-grade (-4.7% ± 2.1%) players. Players with greater initial speed had a higher average speed over the 4 sprints (r = .75), while players with greater maximum-repetition dips maintained a higher 2D Player Load (r = .76). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate a relationship between well-developed acceleration and upper-body muscle-endurance qualities and RHIE ability in rugby league players. Training programs designed to develop acceleration and upper-body muscle endurance are likely to improve RHIE ability.
Crystal Structure of Enteric Adenovirus Serotype 41 Short Fiber Head

ABSTRACT Human enteric adenoviruses of species F contain two fibers in the same virion, a long fiber which binds to coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and a short fiber of unknown function. We have determined the high-resolution crystal structure of the short fiber head of human adenovirus serotype 41 (Ad41). The short fiber head has the characteristic fold of other known fiber heads but has three unusual features. First, it has much shorter loops between the beta-strands. Second, one of the usually well-ordered beta-strands on the distal face of the fiber head is highly disordered and this same region is sensitive to digestion with pepsin, an enzyme occurring naturally in the intestinal tract, the physiological environment of Ad41. Third, the AB loop has a deletion giving it a distinct conformation incompatible with CAR binding.
Decoupled Vector Control Scheme for Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Dual three-phase electric machines have many advantages compared with conventional three-phase machines. However, the properties of such machines present challenges for current control that make it difficult to produce sufficient performance for the electric drive. This paper introduces an improved vector control scheme for dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines. The study includes detailed solutions for key parts of the control such as reference frame transformations, decoupling of the current control loops, and modulation. The performance of the suggested control scheme is evaluated using finite-element analyses and experimental results. The results show that the scheme can produce desired dynamics for the current control and guarantees balanced current sharing between the winding sets. In addition, the proposed solution is capable of reducing current harmonics produced by the internal structure of the machine. This problem is, however, only partly solved since complete elimination of harmonic components is not achieved. Nevertheless, the suggested control scheme overcomes many of the disadvantages found with other control solutions. Improved control performance allows the full benefits of dual three-phase drives to be utilized even in demanding applications.
The Unique Features of Traumatic Brain Injury in Children. Review of the Characteristics of the Pediatric Skull and Brain, Mechanisms of Trauma, Patterns of Injury, Complications and Their Imaging Findings—Part 1

Traumatic head/brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and life‐long disability in children. The biomechanical properties of the child's brain and skull, the size of the child, the age‐specific activity pattern, and higher degree of brain plasticity result in a unique distribution, degree, and quality of TBI compared to adult TBI. A detailed knowledge about the various types of primary and secondary pediatric head injuries is essential to better identify and understand pediatric TBI. The goals of this review article are (1) to discuss the unique epidemiology, mechanisms, and characteristics of TBI in children, and (2) to review the anatomical and functional imaging techniques that can be used to study common and rare pediatric traumatic brain injuries and their complications. J Neuroimaging 2012;22:e1–e17.
Development of an autonomous inverted pendulum mobile robot for outdoor environment

This paper describes our work on the development of an outdoor mobile robot, designed for participation in the Real World Robot Challenge contest (Tsukuba Challenge). The robot consists of a mobile robotic platform (Segway RMP) and several sensors to estimate global position of the robot and detect its surroundings. We describe here the hardware structure of the developed robot and the methods and algorithms used in the implementation of the sensing and control system.
Performance simulation and analysis of polarized MIMO systems

In this paper, we investigate the capacity and spatial correlation properties of MIMO system where polarized antenna elements are adopted at both the BS and the MS sides. We use the spatial channel model (SCM) proposed by 3GPP as the basic model for the analysis and the simulation. Capacity and spatial correlation of the polarized MIMO systems are compared with that of omnidirectional antenna MIMO systems. We also give some suggestions on the improvement of the current SCM model. Simulation results confirm that adopting polarized antennas can bring positive effects on the capacity of MIMO systems under certain conditions.
Marked Perinatal Lethality and Cellular Signaling Deficits in Mice Null for the Two Sphingosine 1-Phosphate (S1P) Receptors, S1P2/LPB2/EDG-5 and S1P3/LPB3/EDG-3*

Five cognate G protein-coupled receptors (S1P1–5) have been shown to mediate various cellular effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Here we report the generation of mice null for S1P2 and for both S1P2 and S1P3. S1P2-null mice were viable and fertile and developed normally. The litter sizes from S1P2S1P3 double-null crosses were remarkably reduced compared with controls, and double-null pups often did not survive through infancy, although double-null survivors lacked any obvious phenotype. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were examined for the effects of receptor deletions on S1P signaling pathways. Wild-type MEFs were responsive to S1P in activation of Rho and phospholipase C (PLC), intracellular calcium mobilization, and inhibition of forskolin-activated adenylyl cyclase. S1P2-null MEFs showed a significant decrease in Rho activation, but no effect on PLC activation, calcium mobilization, or adenylyl cyclase inhibition. Double-null MEFs displayed a complete loss of Rho activation and a significant decrease in PLC activation and calcium mobilization, with no effect on adenylyl cyclase inhibition. These data extend our previous findings on S1P3-null mice and indicate preferential coupling of the S1P2 and S1P3receptors to Rho and PLC/Ca2+ pathways, respectively. Although either receptor subtype supports embryonic development, deletion of both produces marked perinatal lethality, demonstrating an essential role for combined S1P signaling by these receptors.
Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

2. A framework for an Animal Care and Use Program is provided to help institutions integrate regulations, policies, and principles with day-to-day operations and management. Discussion of institutional policies and responsibilities, personnel and program management and oversight, occupational health and safety, and animal facility design and management is provided to help in developing an eff ective animal care and use program.
Quantiheat project: Identity, objectives and first results

The development of increasingly complex and nanostructured materials and devices, for example thermoelectric materials, nanocomposite polymers or micro- and nanosystems (microelectronics systems, MEMS/NEMS), requires in many cases an accurate knowledge of the thermal properties of the materials at the nanoscale. Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM) is a key technique for such thermal measurements with a submicrometric spatial resolution. The European project QUANTIHEAT "Quantitative scanning probe microscopy techniques for heat transfer management in nanomaterials and nanodevices" aims at solving the problems of thermal metrology at the nanoscale by delivering accurate and traceable metrology tools (nanoscale thermal terminologies, calibration samples and guidelines, modeling, novel SThM probes) for enabling the thermal management and advancing the development of new generation nanomaterials. The purpose of this article is to present this project and provide an overview of its first results.
Efficiency and Equity in European Education and Training Systems

A la demande du Parlement europeen, les auteurs analysent et discutent la communication de la Commission europeenne au Parlement et au Conseil intitulee "Efficacite et equite des systemes europeens d'education et de formation" publiee en 2006 (COM(2006)481 final).
Neural network based model of a PV array for the optimum performance of PV system

This paper presents an application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for modeling a photovoltaic (PV) module. A feedforward neural network consisting of two hidden layers containing 6 and 12 neurons (first Linear and second logsig transfer function) has been used in the designed network, and a set of measured data, (acquired through a data acquisition system realized on purpose) and Levenberg-Marquard backpropagation optimization function has been used for the training. Efficiency of the realized Neural Network model is evaluated by comparing the predicted values with a set of experimental data different from those used in training the ANN. The results of this work are useful to estimate the site productivity and to proceed to a correct design and optimization of the entire PV system.
Calculation and experimental study on iron loss of converter-fed synchronous reluctance motor for indirect efficiency determination

The work provides a theoretical and experimental study on the iron loss of an energy efficient synchronous reluctance motor without starting winding powered by a frequency converter. The concepts of basic and additional load losses in the magnetic system of this motor are introduced. Based on the results of the theoretical study, a no-load test procedure was proposed for the motor under consideration, which allows indirect assessment of iron losses and efficiency in load modes. The accuracy of the efficiency measurement results is assessed using the indirect method proposed by experimental comparison with the results of the direct method.
Analysis and evaluation of the largest 500 family firms’ websites through PLS-SEM technique

As few studies relate the technical aspects of a corporate website to a firm’s turnover, this paper aims to examine how the quality of a corporate website influences social networks and the company’s turnover in large family firms. The moderating and mediating effect of social networks on the relationships between website quality and turnover are also tested. In addition, the paper performs a multigroup analysis to analyze the differences between family businesses with low and high family ownership concentration. The sample used in the study, the largest 500 family firms’ websites around the globe extracted from The Global Family Business Index compiled by the University of St. Gallen, were analyzed using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that both the direct and indirect effect of website quality on turnover and the moderating effect of social networks in the relationship between website quality and turnover were negative and significant. The multigroup analysis reveals some significant differences between both groups. The study contributes to the evaluation of website literature by exploring a new sector of application: family businesses. Moreover, the largest family firms should improve their presence in social networks to increase their sales.
Significance of speech enhancement and sonorant regions of speech for robust language identification

A high degree of robustness is a prerequisite to operate speech and language processing systems in practical environments. Performance of these systems is highly influenced by varying and mixed background environments. In this paper, we put forward a robust method for automatic language identification in various background environments. Combined temporal and spectral processing method is used as a preprocessing technique for enhancing the degraded speech. Language discriminative information in high sonority regions of speech is used for the task of language identification. Sonority regions are regions of speech whose signal energy is high and these regions are less influenced by background environments. Spectral energy of formants in the glottal closure regions is employed as an acoustic correlate for the detection of sonority regions of speech. In this paper performance of the LID system is studied in various background environments like clean room, car factory, high frequency, pink and white noise environments. In this work, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur - Multi Lingual Indian Language Speech Corpus (IITKGP-MLILSC) is used for building language identification system. Noise speech samples from the NOISEX database are employed in the present study. The performance of the proposed method is quite satisfactory compared to existing approaches.
Academic, behavioral, and cognitive effects of OROS® methylphenidate on older children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of Osmotic-Release Oral System (OROS) methylphenidate (MPH) on a variety of measures evaluating academic performance, cognition, and social behavior in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover laboratory school study enrolled 78 children aged 9-12 years with ADHD who responded to OROS MPH. After determining individualized OROS MPH dosing (18-54 mg/day), 71 subjects received blinded treatment (OROS MPH or placebo then vice versa) on each of 2 laboratory school days, separated by 1 week. Primary efficacy was measured by Permanent Product Measure of Performance at 4 hours after study drug administration. RESULTS Treatment with OROS MPH resulted in statistically significant improvement in Permanent Product Measure of Performance and Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham scores, measures of response time, and of working memory compared to placebo. Other measures did not meet all pre-established criteria for significance (maintenance of the overall type I error rate at 5%). Adverse events were consistent with previous reports of stimulant medications used in the management of ADHD. There were no discontinuations due to adverse events, and no serious adverse events or deaths. CONCLUSIONS OROS MPH dosed to reduce core symptoms of ADHD to within the normal range also improved performance on a variety of academic tasks in school-aged children compared to placebo. Adverse effects reported were consistent with prior studies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY INFORMATION: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study Evaluating the Academic, Behavioral and Cognitive Effects of Concerta on Older Children with ADHD, URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00799409, unique identifier: NCT00799409.
Light Therapy With Scheduled Rise Times in Young Adults With Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder: Therapeutic Outcomes and Possible Predictors

ABSTRACT Clinical trials with light therapy (LT) for delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) are sparse and little is known about factors that are favorable for improvements. In this study, LT with scheduled rise times was conducted at home for 14 days by 44 participants with DSPD aged 16–26 years. Primary outcomes were sleep onset and sleep offset. Potential predictors were demographic characteristics, chronotype, dim light melatonin onset, the number of days the LT lamp was used, the daily duration of LT, daytime sleepiness, anxiety, depression, worry, and rumination. Significant advances were observed in sleep onset and sleep offset from baseline to the end of treatment. The number of days of LT predicted earlier sleep onset and sleep offset.
Characterization of two epiphytic bacteria from soybean leaves with antagonistic activities against Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea

The strains 48b/90 and 22d/93 are naturally occurring ephiphytes which were isolated from soybean leaves. On the basis of pheno‐ and genotypic characteristics 48b/90 was identified as Erwinia herbicola and 22d/93 as Pseudomonas syringae. These two isolates produced biological active substances against different indicator organisms. The E. herbicola strain showed clear antagonistic properties against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, but not against Geotrichum candidum. 22d/93 was active against P. glycinea and G. candidum, but not against E. coli. Strain 48b/90 produced at least two different inhibitors: an antibiotic substance and an inhibitor of the alginate synthesis. Strain 22d/93 produced at least three different compounds inhibitory to P. glycinea and one to G. candidum. Their activities against the bacterial blight pathogen, P. glycinea, can be observed in planta, too. Under the influences of the antagonists the pathogen multiplied at lower rates and to lower stationary phase population levels. The development of bacterial blight symptoms was suppressed.
Learning Dense Facial Correspondences in Unconstrained Images

We present a minimalists but effective neural network that computes dense facial correspondences in highly unconstrained RGB images. Our network learns a per-pixel flow and a matchability mask between 2D input photographs of a person and the projection of a textured 3D face model. To train such a network, we generate a massive dataset of synthetic faces with dense labels using renderings of a morphable face model with variations in pose, expressions, lighting, and occlusions. We found that a training refinement using real photographs is required to drastically improve the ability to handle real images. When combined with a facial detection and 3D face fitting step, we show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art face alignment methods in terms of accuracy and speed. By directly estimating dense correspondences, we do not rely on the full visibility of sparse facial landmarks and are not limited to the model space of regression-based approaches. We also assess our method on video frames and demonstrate successful per-frame processing under extreme pose variations, occlusions, and lighting conditions. Compared to existing 3D facial tracking techniques, our fitting does not rely on previous frames or frontal facial initialization and is robust to imperfect face detections.
Total Attention: The Effect of Macroeconomic News on Market Reaction to Earnings News

We show evidence that consistent with category-learning behavior, investors allocate more attention to macroeconomic news than to firm-specific news, such as earnings announcements. Despite the distracting effect of macroeconomic news on investor attention, we find that earnings announcements with concurrent macroeconomic news announcements actually have significantly stronger immediate market response and weaker post-earnings announcement drift. We hypothesize that the combined total attention to macroeconomic news and earnings announcements helps investors understand both the systematic and firm-specific components of earnings surprises. Consistent with the hypothesis, our results show that the macroeconomic news effect is mainly driven by firms with high exposure to macroeconomic news. Moreover, we show that the effect is stronger when macroeconomic news contains more information and for firms with greater information uncertainty. Finally, we provide evidence that macroeconomic news helps reduce stock return uncertainty and enhance stock price efficiency.