Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Cellular and Molecular Analysis of the Effect of Progesterone Withdrawal in a Murine Model of Decidualization1

Abstract The endometrium is a dynamic tissue that undergoes periodic growth, remodeling and breakdown under the influence of ovarian steroid hormones. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes, we used a murine model to mimic the decidualization and regression observed in humans. Ovariectomized mice were treated sequentially with steroid hormones, and subsequently, to induce decidualization, oil was injected into the uterine lumen. The animals were then divided into progesterone-maintained and progesterone-withdrawal groups. In the latter group, a process similar to menstruation was induced. The uterine tissues were collected at several time-points after the induction of decidualization. Histological analysis demonstrated that decidualization and tissue degeneration were successfully induced with similar features to those observed during the human menstrual cycle. Immunohistochemical, morphometric, and microarray-based techniques were used to study the cellular and molecular changes. The volume fractions of leukocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, but not endothelial cells, increased in decidualized uteri and decreased after major tissue degradation was completed. The microarray data show that the levels of many transcripts that encode immune-related factors changed during the time-course used for this model, and the transcript levels of many of these factors paralleled the changes observed in the volume fractions of the immune cells. The results of the present study suggest that this model is a useful alternative to the use of non-human primates. Our findings also show that immune cells are recruited into the menstruating endometrium, and that immune-related genes are regulated in the uterus throughout menstruation.
On the mechanisms of impaired phagocytosis in phosphate depletion.

Phosphate depletion (PD) impairs the phagocytic ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL). This derangement has been attributed to the low ATP content of PMNL in PD. The mechanisms responsible for the low ATP content are not well defined. Phosphorus deficiency, per se, and/or other cellular metabolic consequences of PD such as a rise in cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) could be responsible. Indeed, PD is associated with a rise in [Ca2+]i in other cells, and such an event may inhibit mitochondrial ATP production. It is also not evident whether the impaired phagocytosis in PD is due to low ATP content and/or a rise in the [Ca2+]i of PMNL. The study presented here examined levels of [Ca2+]i, ATP content, and the phagocytic ability of PMNL from PD and pair-weighed (PW) rats and evaluated the potential beneficial effect of treatment with verapamil (V), which may prevent a rise in [Ca2+]i and the consequent effects on ATP content and the phagocytosis of PMNL. The resting levels of [Ca2+]i of PMNL from PD rats (148 +/- 3.9 nM) were significantly (P less than 0.01) higher, and the ATP contents (4.8 +/- 0.2 nmol/5 x 10(6) PMNL) were significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than in PW (111 +/- 2.8 nM and 9.3 +/- 0.3 nmol/5 x 10(6) PMNL), PW-V (114 +/- 2.2 nM and 9.3 +/- 0.28 nmol/5 x 10(6) PMNL), and PD-V (112 +/- 1.8 nM and 6.6 +/- 0.19 nmol/5 x 10(6) PMNL) animals. Despite the normal [Ca2+]i in the PMNL of PD-V rats, their ATP contents were still significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than those of PW or PW-V rats. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Corynebacterium glutamicum survives arsenic stress with arsenate reductases coupled to two distinct redox mechanisms

Arsenate reductases (ArsCs) evolved independently as a defence mechanism against toxic arsenate. In the genome of Corynebacterium glutamicum, there are two arsenic resistance operons (ars1 and ars2) and four potential genes coding for arsenate reductases (Cg_ArsC1, Cg_ArsC2, Cg_ArsC1' and Cg_ArsC4). Using knockout mutants, in vitro reconstitution of redox pathways, arsenic measurements and enzyme kinetics, we show that a single organism has two different classes of arsenate reductases. Cg_ArsC1 and Cg_ArsC2 are single‐cysteine monomeric enzymes coupled to the mycothiol/mycoredoxin redox pathway using a mycothiol transferase mechanism. In contrast, Cg_ArsC1' is a three‐cysteine containing homodimer that uses a reduction mechanism linked to the thioredoxin pathway with a kcat/KM value which is 103 times higher than the one of Cg_ArsC1 or Cg_ArsC2. Cg_ArsC1' is constitutively expressed at low levels using its own promoter site. It reduces arsenate to arsenite that can then induce the expression of Cg_ArsC1 and Cg_ArsC2. We also solved the X‐ray structures of Cg_ArsC1' and Cg_ArsC2. Both enzymes have a typical low‐molecular‐weight protein tyrosine phosphatases‐I fold with a conserved oxyanion binding site. Moreover, Cg_ArsC1' is unique in bearing an N‐terminal three‐helical bundle that interacts with the active site of the other chain in the dimeric interface.
Development of simulation model for 6 DOF parallel robot

This paper proposed the simulation model for 6 DOF parallel manipulator to develop and to verify a control algorithm. Developed 6 DOF parallel manipulator is composed of 3 active joints to make a displacement motion of a moving platform and 3 active joints to make a rotational motion of an end-effector. All 66 joints are built to describe the system.
Cognitive approach to understand the impact of conflict of interests on accounting professionals’ decision-making behaviour

ABSTRACT This paper adopts a cognitive approach, by integrating social cognitive theory and throughput model, for examining the process through which conflict of interests affects the accounting professionals’ decision-making behaviour. The model has been tested by conducting a quasi-experiment with 105 professionals from the Big Four accounting firms in the UK. The low positive outcome expectancy of compliant decision-making, high perceived difficulty in making compliant decisions and less ethical judgements are evidenced to be the situational cognitive predictors, and high propensity to morally disengage the dispositional cognitive predictor of the likelihood of deviant decision-making behaviour. The proposed cognitive approach provides a novel perspective for investigating decision-making behaviour in situations involving the conflict of interests. To facilitate effective management of conflict of interests, this study suggests implementing behavioural interventions for strengthening the accounting professionals’ independence in fact.
Reachability of the capacity in parallel quantised channels

Based upon profound knowledge about wireless communication systems that was gathered during the past decades, modelling biological systems analogously has become more and more popular. Although the assumptions about the latter are sometimes less reliable than those about technical systems, some models have proven useful in explaining the behaviour of biological communication systems for example when affected by diseases like Alzheimer. In this work, such a model based upon parallel quantised channels is examined further. The key aspect is to figure out whether the proven capacity bounds are reachable, and under which conditions.
‘A chance for me to do good, make a real difference’: how citizen journalists in India view their role in social transformation

ABSTRACT Alternative media in the Indian sub-continent is still an under-researched and underrepresented topic especially in the area of citizen journalism. There is a dearth of qualitative literature about how citizen journalists view their work and potential for social change. Using the theories of James W. Carey’s ritual view of communication which conceives of communication as a process that enables and enacts societal transformation [Carey, J. W. 2005. “Historical Pragmatism and the Internet. ” New Media & Society 7 (4): 443–455] and the Most Significant Change Technique (Davies, R., and J. Dart. 2005. “The ‘Most Significant Change’ (MSC) Technique. ” A Guide to its use. 10.13140/RG.2. 1.4305. 3606. Available at https://www.fingo. fi/sites/default/tiedostot/most-significant-change-guide.pdf (accessed July 2018)), a form of participatory monitoring and evaluation that involves the collection of significant change stories emanating from the field level, this study looks at how reporters of the CGNet Swara, a dedicated citizen journalism site in India, define the impact of their work in bringing social justice in their communities. Through in-depth qualitative interviews with 70 participants and ethnographic field visits, this analysis seeks to contribute to the area of research focusing on the implications and effects of citizen journalism on resource-poor communities.
Intraoperative Specimen Radiography in Patients with Nonpalpable Malignant Breast Lesions

Abstract Purpose: Specimen mammography of nonpalpable wire-localized breast lesions is the standard in breast-conserving surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of intraoperative 2-view specimen mammography in different cancer types. Materials and Methods: After ethics approval, 3 readers retrospectively evaluated margins on 266 2-view specimen radiographs. They determined the closest margin and the orientation. The results were correlated with the histopathology (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] and contingency coefficient [CC]) and compared (Wilcoxon test). Results: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was present in 115 (43 %), IDC in 75 (28 %), invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) in 57 (22 %) and rare cancers (CA) in 19 specimens (7 %). The sensitivity/specificity and positive/negative predictive value (P/NPV) of specimen mammography were 0.50/0.86 and 0.86/0.50 for CA, 0.42/0.68 and 0.48/0.63 for IDC, 0.36/0.81 and 0.69/0.51 for ILC, and 0.22/0.78 and 0.68/0.32 for IDC+DCIS. Readers correctly identified the orientation of the closest margin in at least one view in an average of 149 specimens (56 %). CCs were between 0.680 (IDC) and 0.912 (CA), suggesting a moderate correlation between radiographic and histological orientation. The correlations were worse for the radiographic and histological distances, with ICC ranging from 0.238 (ILC) to 0.475 (CA). The Wilcoxon test revealed overestimation of the radiographic margins compared to the histological ones for DCIS. Conclusion: Our results suggest that specimen radiography has relatively good overall specificity and good PPV, while the sensitivity and NPV are low for DCIS. A negative result on specimen radiography does not rule out histologically involved margins.
Iron uptake of the normoxic, anoxic and postanoxic microglial cell line RAW 264.7

Iron is one of the trace elements playing a key role in the normal brain metabolism. An excess of free iron on the other hand is catalyzing the iron‐mediated oxygen radical production. Such a condition might be a harmful event leading perhaps to serious tissue damage and degeneration. Therefore, during evolution a complex iron sequestering apparatus developed, minimizing the amount of redox‐reactive free iron. However, this system might be severely disturbed under pathophysiological conditions including hypoxia or anoxia.
Injectable Polymer Depot Combined With Radiofrequency Ablation for Treatment of Experimental Carcinoma in Rat

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an intralesional chemotherapy depot with or without a chemosensitizer could improve the efficacy of radiofrequency (RF) ablation in treatment of experimental carcinoma in rats. Materials and Methods:Eighteen BD-IX rats were inoculated with bilateral subcutaneous tumors via injection of DHD/K12TRb rat colorectal carcinoma cells in suspension. Four weeks after inoculation, one tumor in each rat was treated with RF ablation at 80°C for 2 minutes and the other with RF ablation followed by intralesional chemotherapy with carboplatin. The drug was administered via 2 different in situ-forming poly(D,L-lactide-coglycolide) (PLGA) depot formulations either with or without a chemosensitizer. Treatment efficacy was assessed by comparing the change in tumor diameter compared with control, percent of coagulation necrosis and a rating of treatment completeness. Results:Tumors treated with ablation and carboplatin + sensitizer (n = 9) showed a diameter decrease of 49.4 ± 24.5% at the end point relative to ablation control, while those treated with ablation and carboplatin only (n = 8) showed a 7.1 ± 12.6% decrease. Use of sensitizer also showed increased tissue necrosis (81.9 ± 9.7% compared with 68.7 ± 26.7% for ablation only) and double the number of complete treatments (6/9 or 66.7%) compared with ablation control (3/9 or 33.3%). Conclusions:From these results, we conclude that intralesional administration of a carboplatin and sensitizer-loaded polymer depot after RF ablation has the potential to improve the outcome of ablation by increasing effectiveness of local adjuvant chemotherapy in preventing progression of tumor unaffected by the ablation treatment.
Psychosocial aspects of epilepsy in Nigeria: a review.

BACKGROUND Epilepsy is a chronic disorder marked by intermittent, often unpredictable seizures which may be embarrassing and disruptive to the normal activity of daily living. This review was undertaken to provide information / data on the prevalence, seizure types, treatment issues and psychosocial impact of epilepsy in Nigeria. METHOD We searched the PUBMED database with emphasis on studies conducted in Nigeria using a combination of the following words: epilepsy, seizure, convulsion, prevalence, epidemiology, psychiatric morbidity, social issues, quality of life, cognition, school performance, treatment issues and Nigeria. RESULT 48 relevant studies that met the criteria were reviewed. The point prevalence of epilepsy varies from 5.3 to 37 per 1000 in Nigeria. Most studies showed a predominance of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Nigerian patients with epilepsy suffer social deprivation and discrimination in education, employment, housing, marital life as well as associated psychiatric morbidity. CONCLUSION Epilepsy, a stigmatizing disorder in Nigeria, has a significant impact on the day to day functioning of those with the condition.
Kinetic migration of isothiazolinone biocides from paper packaging to Tenax and Porapak

Migration investigations were carried out on paper packaging materials in contact with solid food simulants. The aim was to investigate the migration behaviour of a series of isothiazolinone biocides (2-methyl-3-isothiazolinone (MI), 1,2-benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and 2-octyl-3-isothiazolinone (OIT)) as potential contaminants in paper materials, at varying temperatures and migration times, for the food simulants Tenax and Porapak. Based on the migration results, Tenax was found to be a good food simulant, and was more suitable than Porapak at high temperature. Petri dishes were found to be suitable for use as migration cells when the compounds to be evaluated were non-volatile. The amount of migration gradually increased with time and increasing temperature, finally reaching a steady value. When the temperature was higher than the boiling point of OIT, the migration rate decreased because of volatilization. The maximum migration rates were 3.4% for MI, 2.2% for BIT and 10.6% for OIT at high temperature (≥100°C). Two kinds of paper packaging for food were tested with the method that was developed. OIT in the papers migrated into the food simulants but the amount that migrated was less than 0.14 µg kg−1.
Influence of Talent Management Practices on Turnover Intent among Research Scientists at the National Museums of Kenya (NMK), Nairobi.

Human talent represents a source of competitive advantage. Yet the very people organisations would want to retain are the ones most likely to leave. What determines employee turnover is a vital question to organisations facing business continuity challenges. Through the prism of the Human Capital and Social Exchange theories, this study aimed at examining the influence of Talent Management practices on turnover intent among Research Scientists at the National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi. Data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire formulated based on extensive literature review. The study targeted 128 employees designated as Research Scientists at the time of conducting this study. Results indicate very high levels of engagement among Research Scientists at NMK. Though respondents understand how their performance is evaluated, the link between pay and performance appears unclear to them. Ample learning and growth opportunities do exist but identification of training needs is not methodical. The study also revealed a clear dissatisfaction with the total compensation package. Although majority of respondents believed that advancement opportunities existed, they were less confident regarding existence of equal opportunity for such advancement. Regression analysis of results indicated that of the six independent variables studied, only employee engagement had significant relationship with employee turnover intent. The study concludes that employee engagement is a critical factor in keeping employees in the organisation. It is recommended that NMK develops effective retention strategies to ensure that Research Scientists remain engaged and committed. An integrated rewards scheme incorporating non-financial factors, career development and work-life balance should form part of the strategy. In addition, a formalised induction program as well as a systematic learning and development scheme with individualised plans needs to be put in place.
Prediction of Energy Consumption of Turkey on Sectoral Bases by Arima Model

JEL Classification: C50, C52, Q40, Q47. Prediction of sectoral or total energy consumption for any country is very important issue to plan both short and long-term energy strategies and policies. In this study, the historical energy consumption data of four sectors and their total from 1970 to 2015 is used in a class of autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to predict both sectoral and total energy consumption of Turkey for the next 15 years. The results indicate that Turkey's sectoral and total energy consumption will be following an upward trend during the forecast period. Energy consumptions of industry, transport, residential-commercial and public service and agriculture sectors and their total will continue to increase at an annual average rate of 1.59 %, 4.66 %, 2.97 %, 2.46 % and 3.93 %, respectively, in the next 15 years.
Investigation of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Faeces for the Diagnosis of Giardiasis.

BACKGROUND Giardiasis is a common intestinal infection caused by the flagellated intestinal protozoan Giardia duodenalis. Several methods are available for the laboratory diagnosis of Giardia, ranging from the microscopic identification of the parasite trophozoite and cyst stages, to immunodiagnosis and PCR. Giardia has unique metabolic pathways resulting from its lack of mitochondria, making it an ideal target for volatile organic compound (VOC) profiling. AIM To characterise the VOC profile of stool infected with Giardia to detect differences from those found in samples of diarrhoea without Giardia or other infections. METHOD Stool was obtained from patients with confirmed Giardia infection and controls with diarrhoea but no identifiable infection. Faecal headspace gas extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to extract and identify VOCs. RESULTS More than 100 VOCs were identified when control and Giardia groups were combined, of which 24 showed significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). Three VOCs had a significantly greater prevalence amongst Giardia cases (p<0.0001) and 9 VOCs showed a significant difference in terms of abundance (p<0.05). AUROC analysis demonstrated a value of 0.902. CONCLUSION There is a significant difference in the VOC profile of stool from subjects infected with Giardia spp, when compared with non-infected controls. These findings can be explained by the unique metabolism of Giardia.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD

The purpose of this paper is how the travel and tourism industry are changing and development in the world.Travel and tourism industry is one of the world's great industrial sectors. It drives economic growth, creates jobs, improves social development and promotes peace.Hundreds of millions of people around the world are dependent on the sector for their employment. In some island economies, travel and tourism industry is not just the biggest employer, it is effectively the only employer. The role is to contributing to the creation of sustainable economies.Travel and tourism industry is a diverse sector consisting of millions of companies and employers, from the biggest global travel brands to the smallest tour operator or hostel owner. Together we form a formidable force with a voice to be heard at the highest levels of society and government.
Operation optimization of CCHP-type microgrid considering units' part-load characteristics

This paper studies the units' part-load characteristics of a CCHP-type microgrid and its effect on the economic dispatch of the system. Most of the system components like photovoltaics, storage battery, micro turbine, heat recovery steam generator, electric compression chiller and absorption chiller are modelled based on their part-load characteristics. A 0-1 mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) algorithm is used to optimize the microgrid's day-ahead economic dispatch. A residence building microgrid economic dispatch model in a typical summer day is developed as an example to analyze the effect of different component modelling method, i.e., constant characteristic modelling and part-load characteristic modelling. The result indicates that the difference between the scheduling schemes is significant and cannot be ignored.
Deviant Debt: Reputation, Litigation, and Outlier Effects in Argentina's Debt Restructuring Saga

ABSTRACT The literature on sovereign debt restructurings has not yet fully accounted for the fact that today these deals are mostly about the contractual terms and judicial decision-marking that shape disputes in foreign courts. The heavily theorised concepts of reputation and sovereign immunity can, at best, only partly explain the specific dynamics at play. Here, we present the limitations of the two concepts through an analysis of the protracted US court battle between Argentina and some of its holdout creditors. The December 2011 NY district court decision in favour of these creditors reversed a long record of unenforceability for creditors’ demands in foreign litigation. The paper argues that the inability of sovereigns to issue debt abroad due to ongoing international litigation, rather than the more rhetorical reputational punishments, makes default costly and its outcome less predictable. This is possible because governments often waive sovereign immunity from suit, particularly in the Unites States. Since the Argentine case has spurred preemptive reactions by other sovereigns in the form of contractual changes, the deviant case is also a ‘trend-setter’, informally institutionalising a new international ‘contractual normal’.