Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reboxetine Promotes Social Bonding in Healthy Volunteers

Reboxetine is a novel antidepressant with a selective action on noradrenaline. In addition to its efficacy in depression, it has been found to improve social adaptation. The objective of this study was to assess the specific social behavioural effects of reboxetine which might be associated with social adaptation. Ten pairs of healthy volunteers took part in a randomized double-blind, crossover study of 2 weeks treatment with reboxetine (4 mg b.d.) and placebo with a 2-week washout period. In each pair, one person (subject) took the tablets and the other (flatmate) received no treatment. On the last day of each treatment period, the subjects socially interacted with a stranger (a confederate behaving as a responsive person) in a stranger-dyadic social interaction paradigm. After the interaction, subjects played the Mixed-Motive game, which measures cooperative behaviour and communication, with the confederate. Subjects read a short story before and after the social interaction. The flatmates evaluated the social behaviour of the subjects before and at the end of the two treatment periods. On reboxetine, the subjects were rated to be significantly more agreeable and cooperative (passive participant) and less submissive by their flatmates. They showed significantly less eye contact with the confederate in the social interaction paradigm and gave significantly fewer helplessness messages during the game. They spoke faster on the reading task after the social interaction. This study provides evidence that reboxetine increases cooperative social behaviour and increases social drive, which might be important for social adaptation.
A Novel Integrated Switchable Absorber and Radiator

First, a novel integrated structure with selectable absorbing and radiation capabilities is proposed, which consists of periodic arrays of metallic three-loop nested structure printed on a thin grounded dielectric slab. Lumped resistors with different values are fixed on each side of all three loops, while PIN switches are optionally fixed parallel to the lumped resistors on the specific loop. When the switches are turned off, the parallel lumped resistors become operational, the present integrated structure acts lossy and performs broadband absorption function. When switches are turned on, those parallel lumped resistors are shorted, the corresponding loop structure can be regarded lossless, acting as a patch antenna. Second, equivalent circuit models of the present structure of absorber and radiator are developed and analyzed, respectively, to explain the working principle of the present structure. Finally, a 3 × 3 periodic array of metallic three-loop nested structure printed on an F4B dielectric slab has been designed, fabricated, and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed design can obtain a high absorptivity over a broad frequency band. Meanwhile, by changing the PIN switches' state, the present structure can achieve good radiations at specific frequencies.
A duration analysis of the time from prospectus to listing for Australian initial public offerings

A finding of the Australian Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) literature is that the time from prospectus registration to listing is related to the level of informed demand. This makes the understanding of time to listing an important matter. This study analyses the time to listing for 834 IPOs in Australia over the period 1994 to 2004. The study finds that a shorter time to listing is associated with higher issue prices, and the use of an underwriter or Big 5 independent accountant. In contrast, IPOs offering share options take longer to list. The significant role of variables associated with the degree of certainty about a listing is consistent with informed demand hypotheses about the time to listing.
Software Development on the Establishment of Local Marine Geomagnetic Filed Model

Geomagnetic field is the one of the inherent physical characteristics of the earth. For earthquake prediction to independent navigation or to other applications, local geomagnetic model plays a very important role. In order to control the performance of the local geomagnetic field model, the methods like polynomial, polyhedral function, spline function, rectangular harmonic analysis and spherical cap harmonic are discussed in detail in this paper. Integrated these methods, a software on the establishment of local geomagnetic field model is developed. The software is tested in a local area. The experiment shows that the software design is reasonable, the methods used in the software are right, and the accuracy of establishing local geomagnetic field model is higher and can meet 5 nT high-precise requirements.
Equal Weight Indexing - Seven Years Later

Equal weighting is factor indifferent. It randomizes factor mispricing and is thus an attractive option for proponents of the theory that the market is inefficient and, at times, misprices factors. In January 2003, the S&P 500 Equal Weight Index (EWI) was introduced, pioneering the subsequent development of non-capitalization weighted indices catering to those investors questioning market efficiency. Criticism of equal weighted indices has centered on increased turnover and capacity constraints relative to market capitalization weighted indices. While true in abstract theory, neither is a serious hurdle in practice.
The Bonding Hypothesis in Poor Governance Environments: Empirical Data from an International Firm Level

The bonding hypothesis is based on the controlling shareholder in an environment of host-exchange governance voluntarily restricting its private benefits. The authors examine both the relative merits of the bonding hypothesis in poor governance environments and cross-listing decisions that have a preemptive monitoring aspect. They then examine the corporate governance of firms before and after cross-listing. This is done by collecting data on 1,005 cross-listed firms concerning the period 1995-2009. The main results indicate that environmental constraints are different in the home market and host exchange and that a strict governance environment is positively related to the probability of cross-listing. Furthermore, a firm's corporate governance is related to improving the governance environment.
The determinants of consumers’ switching intentions after service failure

This study explores the impact of two service failures on the switching intentions of customers under the interferences of their negative emotions and service assurance strength when managing controllable and uncontrollable service failure types. This study discusses the impact of relational embeddedness and negative word-of-mouth messages on the switching intentions of customers regarding relationship network and information communication, by conducting a survey with convenience sampling of consumers who frequently participate in tourism activities through tourism websites and who have experienced service failures. The empirical results are as follows: the switching intentions of consumers who are affected by negative emotions become stronger when service failures are controllable factors that could be managed and prevented, and the switching intentions of consumers who are affected by service assurance strength lessens when service failures are controllable factors that could be managed and prevented. The switching intentions of consumers have a positive correlation with the level of relational embeddedness and the strength of word of mouth in an online shopping environment. This study also discusses extant related research or theories, and proposes suggestions for future research.
Glucocorticoid‐induced leucine zipper: A key protein in the sensitization of monocytes to lipopolysaccharide in alcoholic hepatitis

Glucocorticoid‐induced leucine zipper (GILZ), a recently identified protein induced by glucocorticoids (GCs), inhibits the nuclear factor κB pathway and the activation of monocytes/macrophages by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). This study aimed to elucidate the contribution of GILZ to the pathogenesis of alcoholic hepatitis (AH): we (1) assessed GILZ expression in the livers of patients with AH and (2) treated patients with severe AH with GCs (prednisolone 40 mg/day) and studied the effect of GILZ modulation on circulating monocyte function. We quantified GILZ expression in the livers of 42 consecutive alcoholic patients (21 with and 21 without AH). GILZ messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were lower in the livers of patients with AH versus those without AH (P < 0.05). We collected circulating monocytes from patients with severe AH before and 48 hours after GC treatment to quantify GILZ expression and cytokine secretion. GC treatment induced significantly higher levels of GILZ mRNA than that observed before treatment and impaired LPS‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and regulated upon activation, normal T cell–expressed secretion (RANTES) by these monocytes. We transfected circulating monocytes with GILZ small interfering RNA (siRNA), specifically blocking GILZ expression, to demonstrate the role of GILZ in mediating GC effect. GILZ siRNA abrogated the effect of GC treatment on LPS‐induced TNF‐α and RANTES secretion. Conclusion: Low expression of GILZ may contribute to liver inflammation in AH. GCs enhance GILZ expression, abrogating macrophage sensitivity to LPS and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. These findings may explain the beneficial effect of GC treatment in patients with severe AH. (HEPATOLOGY 2007;46:1986–1992.)
Testing for the Interaction of Formal and Informal Contracts

As documented by Macauley (1963) and others, informal contracts are pervasive in modern economies. Yet, systematic empirical evidence on their importance and role is still limited. In this paper, we provide a methodological framework to test for the presence of informal contracts and their interaction with formal ones. First, we present a model that organizes the main testable predictions from economic theories of informal contracting. Next, we examine how, and to what extent, existing empirical works support the model’s predictions. Finally, we discuss strategies for testing theoretical predictions for which conclusive evidence is still missing, as well as unexplored research opportunities offered by available studies and data.
The role of intermediaries in cross‐industry innovation processes

In this article, we investigate the role intermediaries play in the cross-industry innovation process. Intermediaries are external institutions that support companies in their innovative activities. They are frequently used to bridge gaps between different industries. Our research focuses on the question of which capabilities an intermediary should have in order to achieve success in initiating a cross-industry innovation. Our empirical base consists of a survey of 107 European manufacturing companies and an analysis of six collaborative cross-industry innovation projects. The company survey is used to identify the capabilities an intermediary should have during each of the three phases of the innovation process. The cross-industry projects, each of which involves a Swiss or a German industrial company and an intermediary, provide us with analyzable data. We conclude our study by identifying three types of intermediary: the innovation broadener, the innovation leverager, and the innovation multiplier.
Audit firm characteristics and Type II errors in the going concern opinion

Abstract According to SAS No. 59 (AICPA, 1988), auditors must modify their audit reports for uncertainties that may affect a company's ability to continue in existence. Using both auditor and company characteristics in a logistic regression model, we examine whether Big Six (now Big Five) (industry specialist) auditors are more likely to issue a going concern opinion on the financial statements immediately preceding bankruptcy than non-Big Six (non-specialist) auditors. We further partition the sample of bankrupt firms into groups based on probability of bankruptcy, default status, and events occurring after the date of the audit report. These partitions allow us to examine whether Big Six (industry specialist) auditors systematically outperform non-Big Six (non-specialist) auditors in issuing a going concern opinion in situations in which going concern assessment is more difficult. Our findings provide no evidence that Big Six (industry specialist) auditors outperform non-Big Six (non-specialist) auditors in the overall sample or in the sample partitions. © City University of Hong Kong.
Endogenous Sunk Costs, Flexible Manufacturing and the Productivity Effects of International Trade

The paper addresses the productivity effects of international trade in the presence of flexible manufacturing and endogenous sunk costs (cost-reducing R&D). It shows that international trade raises R&D expenditures, but this will not necessarily boost productivity because of possibly counteracting market structure effects. The analysis is conducted in general equilibrium so that implications for real wages and welfare can also be addressed. Both can fall when trade leads to excessive R&D investment.
Health and Labor Market Performance: The Case of Diabetes

Technological innovation has reduced the effect of diabetes. Diabetic behavioral modification in the face and expectation of medical improvement should lead to improved labor market outcomes. This article uses three cross‐sectional data sets, from 1976, 1989, and 1992, to document improvements in diabetic labor market performance. Women diabetics have significantly increased their labor force participation while male diabetics have slightly reduced their participation relative to nondiabetics.
LAAEM: A Method to Enhance LDoS Attack

Based on LDoS, we propose bots multiplexing in multitargets attack scenario, and then present the LDoS attack ability enhancing method. In simulation, the method shows good performance and adaptability, it can enhance attack ability effectively under variety of correlated parameters. With this method, the attacker may use a small botnet to cause very great harm, which only large botnet can cause by traditional method. Furthermore, aimed to this threat, we discuss two mitigation strategies.
When Do Firms Conform to Regulatory Control? The Effect of Control Processes on Compliance and Opportunism

The authors use social control theory to develop a conceptual model that addresses the effectiveness of regulatory agencies’ (e.g., Food and Drug Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration) field-level efforts to obtain conformance with product safety laws. Central to the model are the control processes agencies use when monitoring organizations and enforcing the safety rules. These approaches can be labeled formal control (e.g., rigid enforcement) and informal control (e.g., social instruction). The theoretical framework identifies an important antecedent of control and the relative effectiveness of control's alternative forms in gaining compliance and reducing opportunism. Furthermore, the model predicts that the regulated firms’ level of agreement with the safety rules moderates the relationships between control and firm responses. A local health department's administration of state food safety regulations provides the empirical context for testing the hypotheses. The results from a survey of 173 restaurants largely support the proposed model. The study findings inform a discussion of effective methods of administering product safety laws.
HPM Formation in Air and SF6/Argon Mixture

Using fast-rising voltage pulses, corona discharges are created on the helix. Investigations are carried out in atmospheric air and SF6/argon mixture. The corona discharges produce electron beams on the helix. High-power microwaves are obtained in the structure that has two microwave sources. The helix as the slow-wave structure with in situ generated electron beams is one source of microwave generation. The experimental data are presented. The analysis of the data related to the helix is based on the backward-wave oscillator.
Trend of Depression and the Use of Psychiatric Medications in U.S. Veterans With Hepatitis C During Interferon-Based Therapy

OBJECTIVES:Interferon-based therapy in patients with HCV infection may cause new psychiatric symptoms or worsening of existing psychiatric conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trend of depression, and the use and the effect of psychiatric medications during interferon therapy.METHODS:Patients with HCV were evaluated at our clinic following a standardized template to collect clinical and psychiatric data at baseline, weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, and every 6 wk thereafter. Depression was measured at each visit by obtaining the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression) score. A PMI was defined as the addition or increase in the dose of a psychiatric medication.RESULTS:During interferon therapy, patients with psychiatric history (N = 46) had minor fluctuation in the CES-D score compared to baseline, while patients without psychiatric history (N = 33) had significant increase in their CES-D score, were more likely to require PMIs with antidepressants (63.6% vs 39.1%, respectively; P = 0.04), and they required the first PMI with sedatives/hypnotics earlier (4.1 wk vs 8.9 wk after starting interferon, respectively; P = 0.01). PMIs in the two groups resulted in significant decrease in CES-D score at 4–6 wk and 8–12 wk post-PMIs, but it continued to be higher than baseline. The overall sustained viral response was 47%. CONCLUSION:Hepatitis C patients with stable psychiatric history can be successfully treated with interferon-based therapy if followed closely by a multidisciplinary team that includes specialists in hepatitis C and behavioral health.
A Defense Mechanism for Differential Power Analysis Attack in AES

In modern wireless communication world, the security of data transfer has been the most challenging task. In embedded system, AES is the most extensively used cryptographic algorithm in practice. But its functionality has been disrupted by the DPA attack. There have been several countermeasures to tackle those attacks, but this study proposes variably a new measure to defend this DPA attack. DPA attack is possible due to the power fluctuation happening due to sequential circuit clocking during the process of substitute byte in AES encryption in the first round and last round. Hence to prevent this, the power variation is maintained at a constant pace throughout the data processing. This is achieved by incorporating a combinational logic design instead of a sequential logic circuit in AES. The proposed design is implemented in Vertex III FPGA device and found even after 17230 power traces the secret key is not disclosed as the power fluctuations is completely random. The power consumption when experimented by micro wind software proves to be constant and the same power (almost) is obtained while implementing it hardware and no chance of identifying the instant of data processing is achieved.
Audit Quality, Management Ownership, and the Informativeness of Accounting Earnings

This study has two primary objectives. First, it examines whether audit quality moderates the association between informativeness of accounting earnings and management ownership. Second, it also examines whether audit quality moderates the negative association between management ownership and discretionary accruals. Using Australian data, it is shown that the positive relationship between returns-earnings association and management ownership is signijicantly weaker for firms with Big 6 auditors. Similarly, the negative association between management ownership and discretionary accruals is weaker for firms with Big 6 auditors. These results are consistent with the theory that higher quality audits can mitigate insiders' incentives to exploit accounting-based contractual constraints and manage earnings as a result of the separation of ownership and control.
Personality in Assaultive and Non-Assaultive Juvenile Male Offenders

The present study investigated the relationship between antisocial behavior and personality in 30 American juvenile males convicted of offenses including assault or confrontations with a victim, and 30 juvenile males convicted of offenses involving property without confrontation with a victim. Subjects, who were aged 14 to 17 yr. (mean 15 yr., 8 mo.) and held in detention pending sentencing, were administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale. Juveniles convicted of assaultive offenses exhibited significantly higher psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism scores, and lower lie scores than those convicted of property offenses. Sensation-seeking scores were significantly lower for the non-assaultive group. Results support Eysenck's description of dimensions of offenders' behavior.
A Novel Portable Seizure Detection Alarm System: Preliminary Results

The unpredictable and random occurrence of seizures is of the most distressful issue affecting patients and their families. Unattended seizures can have serious consequences including injury or death. The objective of this study is to develop a small, portable, wearable device capable of detecting seizures and alerting patients and families on recognition of specific seizures' motor activity. Ictal data were prospectively obtained in consecutive patients admitted to two video-EEG units. This study included patients with a history of motor seizures, clonic or tonic, or tonic-clonic seizures or patients with complex partial seizures with frequent secondary generalization. A “Motion Sensor” unit mounted on a bracelet was attached to one wrist. The “Sensor” contains a three-axis accelerometer and a transmitter. The three-axis movements' data were transmitted to a portable computer. Algorithm specially developed for this purpose analyzed the recorded data. Seizures' alerts were compared with the video-EEG data. Ictal data were acquired in 15 of the 31 recruited patients. The algorithm correctly identified 20 of 22 (91%) captured seizures and generated an alarm within a median period of 17 seconds. All events lasting >30 seconds (i.e., 19 events) were identified. The system failed to identify 2 of 22 seizures (9%). There were eight false alarms during 1,692 hours of monitoring. Preliminary data suggest that this motion detection device/alarm system can identify most motor seizures with high sensitivity and with a low false alarm rate.
A two-step approach to examine the dynamics of market convergence

We present an improved approach to examine convergence of markets such as those for equity, bonds or commodities. The approach is motivated by Monte Carlo simulations and consists of two steps. First, we test for regime-shifts in the cointegration paths and cointegration with structural breaks. If equilibrium errors are stationary, we then obtain the degree of convergence by rolling speeds of adjustment in a vector error correction model. Our approach is illustrated by an application on stock market convergence.