Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Paid to Quit, Cheat, and Confess

textabstractWhen people or organizations engage in voluntary exchange, it is crucial how much information either side of a deal disposes of. The common theme in the chapters of this book is asymmetric information, which can create an imbalance of power between the two parties involved in a transaction. The author describes a variety of instruments that the informationally disadvantaged organizations may use to overcome the resulting adverse selection and moral hazard problems. In doing so, he deviates from the neoclassical assumption of selfishness and introduces bounds to individual rationality in his models. The topics that are investigated range from tax evasion to innovative personnel policies.
Complement Regulatory Protein C1 Inhibitor Binds to Selectins and Interferes with Endothelial-Leukocyte Adhesion 1

C1 inhibitor (C1INH), a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family, is an inhibitor of proteases in the complement system, the contact system of kinin generation, and the intrinsic coagulation pathway. It is the most heavily glycosylated plasma protein, containing 13 definitively identified glycosylation sites as well as an additional 7 potential glycosylation sites. C1INH consists of two distinct domains: a serpin domain and an amino-terminal domain. The serpin domain retains all the protease-inhibitory function, while the amino-terminal domain bears most of the glycosylation sites. The present studies test the hypothesis that plasma C1INH bears sialyl Lewisx-related moieties and therefore binds to selectin adhesion molecules. We demonstrated that plasma C1INH does express sialyl Lewisx-related moieties on its N-glycan as detected using mAb HECA-452 and CSLEX1. The data also show that plasma C1INH can bind to P- and E-selectins by FACS and immunoprecipitation experiments. In a tissue culture model of endothelial-leukocyte adhesion, C1INH showed inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. Significant inhibition (>50%) was achieved at a concentration of 250 μg/ml or higher. This discovery may suggest that C1INH plays a role in the endothelial-leukocyte interaction during inflammation. It may also provide another example of the multifaceted anti-inflammatory effects of C1INH in various animal models and human diseases.
Table of Contents.

Certain Self-Dual Codes over Z[subscript 4] and the Odd Leech Lattice p. 130 Order Functions and Evaluation Codes p. 138 Codes from Cocycles p. 151 A Brief Tour of Split Linear Programming p. 164 Elementary Approximation of Exponentials of Lie Polynomials p. 174 On the q-ary Image of Cyclic Codes p. 189 The Split Weight [actual symbol not reproducible] Enumeration of Reed-Muller Codes for [actual symbol not reproducible] p. 197
High Throughput Peptide Mass Fingerprinting and Protein Macroarray Analysis Using Chemical Printing Strategies*

We describe a chemical printer that uses piezoelectric pulsing for rapid, accurate, and non-contact microdispensing of fluid for proteomic analysis of immobilized protein macroarrays. We demonstrate protein digestion and peptide mass fingerprinting analysis of human plasma and platelet proteins direct from a membrane surface subsequent to defined microdispensing of trypsin and matrix solutions, hence bypassing multiple liquid-handling steps. Detection of low abundance, alkaline proteins from whole human platelet extracts has been highlighted. Membrane immobilization of protein permits archiving of samples pre-/post-analysis and provides a means for subanalysis using multiple chemistries. This study highlights the ability to increase sequence coverage for protein identification using multiple enzymes and to characterize N-glycosylation modifications using a combination of PNGase F and trypsin. We also demonstrate microdispensing of multiple serum samples in a quantitative microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format to rapidly screen protein macroarrays for pathogen-derived antigens. We anticipate the chemical printer will be a major component of proteomic platforms for high throughput protein identification and characterization with widespread applications in biomedical and diagnostic discovery.
Control methods for Low Voltage Ride-Through compliance in grid-connected NPC converter based wind power systems using predictive control

In presence of grid voltage dips, Low Voltage Ride-Through (LVRT) requirements demand the wind power plant to remain connected to the grid, helping the network to keep voltage and frequency stable. Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) converters are appropriate for wind power systems, because the current trend of increasing voltage levels. Predictive current control presents as fast dynamic response and accurate reference tracking as other well established control methods, while providing more flexibility. In this work, three different control strategies are applied to the grid-side NPC converter, in order to fulfil LVRT requirements, which are implemented with the predictive current control technique. Dc-link neutral point voltage is kept balanced by the predictive control algorithm, using the redundant switching states of the NPC converter. Simulation results confirm the validity of the proposed control approach.
Asset Quality Management and the Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria: A Co-integration and Variance Decomposition Analysis

Given the continued poor performance experienced in the banking sector as indicated by high levels of credit risk, poor quality loans and high incidence of non-performing loans, in spite of the frequent reforms that various governments in Nigeria have embarked upon, there is the need to constantly examine and analyse the factors that could affect bank performance with the aim of providing empirical evidence based on which solutions can be proffered. The paper examined the impact of asset quality management on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The paper adopted the ECM and co-integration techniques using annual aggregate data sourced from the CBN and the NDIC publications for the period 1990-2013. The findings of the study indicate that the selected measures of asset quality have significant impact on all the three indicators of bank performance namely- return on equity, return on total assets and return on shareholdersA¢â‚¬â„¢ fund respectively. In addition, the results of the impulse response and variance decomposition show that own shocks from the performance indicators ROE, ROTA and ROSF account for a greater proportion of the forecast errors of the variables within the ten-year forecast period. In the light of the above, it is recommended that deposit money banks in Nigeria should intensify their efforts in designing and implementing good asset quality management policies in order to further improve on their performance. This can be through human capacity building for personnel in the form of frequent professional training as well as strict adherence to the prudential guidelines.
Hedge Fund Decision Making: Evidence from Target Firm Leverage

Hedge fund targets have experienced an unprecedented upsurge in leverage following the recent financial crisis. This study examines whether an increase in firm's leverage affects an activist decision of holding a stake in the target. We investigate the link between different components of a firm capital structure and their subsequent effects on fund strategy of retaining the target. Using a hand-collected data on 543 US listed firms over the period of 2000 to 2013, we show that leverage explains the cross-sectional variation in fund decision of holding the target. The significance of leverage pronounces in the first year and becomes marginal in the second year when we control for the crisis effect. Activists prefer to restructure the debts prior to their exit after the first year of activism. We also find a positive relation between the increase in leverage and firm investment and payout.
Blue-Green Color Tunable Solution Processable Organolead Chloride–Bromide Mixed Halide Perovskites for Optoelectronic Applications

Solution-processed organo-lead halide perovskites are produced with sharp, color-pure electroluminescence that can be tuned from blue to green region of visible spectrum (425–570 nm). This was accomplished by controlling the halide composition of CH3NH3Pb(BrxCl1–x)3 [0 ≤ x ≤ 1] perovskites. The bandgap and lattice parameters change monotonically with composition. The films possess remarkably sharp band edges and a clean bandgap, with a single optically active phase. These chloride–bromide perovskites can potentially be used in optoelectronic devices like solar cells and light emitting diodes (LEDs). Here we demonstrate high color-purity, tunable LEDs with narrow emission full width at half maxima (FWHM) and low turn on voltages using thin-films of these perovskite materials, including a blue CH3NH3PbCl3 perovskite LED with a narrow emission FWHM of 5 nm.
Axiomatizations of the proportional Shapley value Manfred Besner

We present new axiomatic characterizations of the proportional Shapley value, a weighted TU-value with the worths of the singletons as weights. The presented characterizations are proportional counterparts to the famous characterizations of the Shapley value by Shapley (1953b) and Young (1985a). We introduce two new axioms, called proportionality and player splitting respectively. Each of them makes a main difference between the proportional Shapley value and the Shapley value. If the stand-alone worths are plausible weights, the proportional Shapley value is a convincing alternative to the Shapley value, for example in cost allocation. Especially the player splitting property, which states that the players’ payoffs do not change if another player splits into two new players who have the same impact to the game as the original player, justifies the use of the proportional Shapley value in many economic situations.
Joint detection and tracking of unresolved targets with monopulse radar

Detection and estimation of multiple unresolved targets with a monopulse radar is a challenging problem. For ideal single bin processing, it was shown in the literature that at most two unresolved targets can be extracted from the complex matched filter output signal. A new algorithm is developed to jointly detect and track more than two unresolved targets from a single detection with the help of tracking information. That is, the method involves the use of tracking information in the detection process. For this purpose, target states are transformed into detection parameter space, which involves high nonlinearities. In order to handle the nonlinearities, the particle filter, which has proven to be effective in nonlinear non-Gaussian estimation problems, is used as the basis of the closed loop system for tracking multiple unresolved targets. In addition to the standard particle filtering steps, the detection parameters corresponding to the predicted particles are evaluated using the nonlinear monopulse radar beam model. This in turn enables the evaluation of the likelihood of the monopulse signal given tracking data. Bayesian model selection is then used to find the correct detection event. The corresponding particle set is taken as the correct representation of the target posterior. A simulated amplitude comparison monopulse radar is used to generate the data and validate the joint detection and tracking of more than two unresolved targets.
An update of dual antiplatelet therapy

Since platelet activation and aggregation play a major role in thrombus formation in lumen of coronary arteries, they constitute a main target in treatment of stable ischemic heart disease and acute coronary syndromes. Antiplatelet therapy should be commenced as early as possible within the current indications in order to reduce the risk of both acute ischemic complications and recurrent atherothrombotic events. Platelet functions can be inhibited by three classes of drugs having different mechanisms of action, namely acetylsalicylic acid, P2Y12 inhibitors, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists. Dual antiplatelet therapy (acetylsalicylic acid and P2Y12 inhibitors) have recently been a hot topic of research with the advent of stents in recent years. Multiple regimens of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy have been used in the past in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation is unclear. Many clinicians have pushed for prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy - beyond 12 months - on the assumption that extended therapy reduces recurrent cardiovascular events. Despite the established guidelines, there is not a clear consensus about how to manage antiplatelet therapy. New antiplatelet agents have been developed for patients at high risk of thrombosis. Their benefits in terms of mortality and major cardiovascular events have been demonstrated, but some concerns remain regarding the possible increase in bleeding.The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature containing the potential solutions to problems related to indications and duration of dual antiplatelet therapy and its interaction with other medications.
A comprehensive study of different photovoltaic peak power tracking methods

The purpose of this document is to give a wide-ranging comparison between different photovoltaic (PV) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods. The MPPTs considered in this work are perturb and observe (PO), incremental conductance (IC), sliding mode (SM), and fuzzy logic (FL) tracker. A model of MSX 60 solar module and the different MPPTs applied to a boost chopper was simulated by means of Matlab/Simulink software. The different MPPTs were evaluated in fast changing climatic conditions using a rigorous profile as recommended by the EN 50530. A comprehensive comparison between these MPPTs is done using five assessment criteria indicators. The results demonstrate that, FL offers satisfactory performance in both steady-state and dynamic response comparing to other techniques.
Phosphorylation of Tyrosine 1070 at the GluN2B Subunit Is Regulated by Synaptic Activity and Critical for Surface Expression of N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptors*

Background: N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor trafficking is fine-tuned by tyrosine phosphorylation. Results: Phosphorylation of Tyr-1070 on GluN2B triggers GluN2B-Fyn binding, a process modulated by synaptic activity that up-regulates phosphorylation of Tyr-1472. Conclusion: Phosphorylation of GluN2B at Tyr-1472 is regulated by a Tyr(P)-1070-mediated association of GluN2B with Fyn. Significance: This study sheds new light on the surface expression of NMDARs that are implicated in synaptic activity. The number and subunit composition of synaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play critical roles in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory and are implicated in neurological disorders. Tyrosine phosphorylation provides a powerful means of regulating NMDAR function, but the underling mechanism remains elusive. In this study we identified a tyrosine site on the GluN2B subunit, Tyr-1070, which was phosphorylated by a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein (Fyn) kinase and critical for the surface expression of GluN2B-containing NMDARs. The phosphorylation of GluN2B at Tyr-1070 was required for binding of Fyn kinase to GluN2B, which up-regulated the phosphorylation of GluN2B at Tyr-1472. Moreover, our results revealed that the phosphorylation change of GluN2B at Tyr-1070 accompanied the Tyr-1472 phosphorylation and Fyn associated with GluN2B in synaptic plasticity induced by both chemical and contextual fear learning. Taken together, our findings provide a new mechanism for regulating the surface expression of NMDARs with implications for synaptic plasticity.
Conditioned response of middle ear muscles.

Simple and differentially conditioned responses of the middle ear muscles to visual stimuli were produced in awake cats with electrodes implanted chronically on the round windows. Muscle contractions were observed indirectly through their effects on the cochlear microphonic. These CRs are easily produced and have very short latencies (80 msec.) under optimal conditions. Somewhat longer minimal latencies (150 msec.) were measured in the differential learning situation. The stapedius was shown to play the dominant role in those conditioning experiments where only one of the two middle ear muscles was left intact.
Implementation of DNSSEC-secured name servers for ni.rs zone and best practices

: As a backbone of all communications over the Internet, DNS (Domain Name System) is crucial for all entities that need to be visible and provide services outside their internal networks. Public administration is a prime example for various services that have to be provided to citizens. This manuscript presents one possible approach, implemented in the administration of the City of Niš, for improving the robustness and resilience of external domain space, as well as securing it with DNSSEC (DNS Security Extensions).
Elastic graph matching

1077-3142/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.cviu. 2010.12. 008 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: s.zafeiriou@imperial.ac. uk (S imperial.ac.uk (M. Petrou). In this paper, we propose novel elastic graph matching (EGM) algorithms for face recognition assisted by the availability of 3D facial geometry. More specifically, we conceptually extend the EGM algorithm in order to exploit the 3D nature of human facial geometry for face recognition/verification. In order to achieve that, first we extend the matching module of the EGM algorithm in order to capitalize on the 2.5D facial data. Furthermore, we incorporate the 3D geometry into the multiscale analysis used and build a novel geodesic multiscale morphological pyramid of dilations/erosions in order to fill the graph jets. We show that the proposed advances significantly enhance the performance of EGM algorithms. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed advances in the face recognition/verification problem using photometric stereo. 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Dynamic channel allocation in wireless ad-hoc networks

With the explosion of 802.11 network deployments, there exist colocated wireless networks in many densely populated areas (such as residential buildings, complexes, etc). Deployment of a mesh network in these locations would result in contention for the wireless spectrum from competing networks, leading to performance degradation. The 802.11 standard specifies the use of several orthogonal channels which can be used to reduce interference in the spectrum. However, many wireless access points (APs) use channels that are statically allocated at the time of installation. When taking into consideration the fact that wireless traffic exhibits temporal and spatial locality, we contend that at different times/places, some of the channels are relatively underutilized. We propose an ad-hoc network which contains monitor nodes at multiple locations. These monitor nodes observe and store data about the traffic in the vicinity. This data can be used, via our dynamic channel allocation algorithm, to determine the optimal channel to use at that place/time. We can therefore switch the channel used by a link in that vicinity to try and improve performance across the wireless link. We observe several properties about the wireless channel, and correlate those with network performance. Using this correlation we propose a dynamic channel allocation scheme. We evaluate the effectiveness of this scheme for providing improved network throughput. In some cases this scheme can boost the performance up to 2 to 3 times the throughput of a statically allocated network.
Learning induces neurotrophin signaling at hippocampal synapses

Learning-induced trophic activity is thought to be critical for maintaining health of the aging brain. We report here that learning, acting through an unexpected pathway, activates synaptic receptors for one of the brain's primary trophic factors. Unsupervised learning, but not exploratory activity alone, robustly increased the number of postsynaptic densities associated with activated (phosphorylated) forms of BDNF's TrkB receptor in adult rat hippocampus; these increases were blocked by an NMDA receptor antagonist. Similarly, stimulation of hippocampal slices at the learning-related theta frequency increased synaptic TrkB phosphorylation in an NMDA receptor–dependent fashion. Theta burst stimulation, which was more effective in this regard than other stimulation patterns, preferentially engaged NMDA receptors that, in turn, activated Src kinases. Blocking the latter, or scavenging extracellular TrkB ligands, prevented theta-induced TrkB phosphorylation. Thus, synaptic TrkB activation was dependent upon both ligand presentation and postsynaptic signaling cascades. These results show that afferent activity patterns and cellular events involved in memory encoding initiate BDNF signaling through synaptic TrkB, thereby ensuring that learning will trigger neurotrophic support.
Integrated Compensation Method of Three-axis Magnetometer in Geomagnetic Navigation

Getting accurate measurements is one of the key technologies in geomagnetic navigation. The output deviation of magnetometers fixed on the vehicles is caused not only by sensor errors but also by vehicle magnetic field interference. In order to compensate the output error, this paper presents a new integrated method. By analyzing the reasons causing deviation of measurements from the corresponding magnetic field value, an integrated measurement model is achieved. In order to evaluate the parameters of the model, a non-linear observation equation about vector measurements and scalar truth is derived, and non-linear least square method is used to evaluate the unknown parameters of the equation. Finally simulation and experiment are carried out to assess the validity of the method. The results show that the integrated method is simpler, quick and effective in error compensation of three-axis magnetometer.
Entertainment Venue Visiting and Commercial Sex in China

ABSTRACT Entertainment venues in China play an important role in the sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV epidemic. Most previous studies have focused on sex workers working in entertainment venues, but little is known about their clients. This study investigated the perceptions and behavior of the patrons visiting entertainment venues. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 male market vendors who visited entertainment venues at least once in the past 3 months in an eastern city in China. Information about their risky behavior, attitude toward commercial sex, and STD/HIV prevention approaches was collected. Saunas, karaoke bars, and massage centers are the most frequently visited entertainment venues. Seventy-three percent of study participants reported purchasing commercial sex at these entertainment venues. Participants expressed a very liberal attitude toward commercial sex. Seeking commercial sex was perceived as a characteristic of a male's nature. The perceived risks of STD/HIV infection do not deter participants from engaging in commercial sex. Commercial sex clients reported irregular condom use and a number of other misperceptions and improper practices toward preventing STD/HIV infection. Venue-based intervention is urgently needed to target the population. The sex workers themselves could potentially serve as “health educators” to communicate prevention information to their clients and encourage safer sex behavior.