Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Embryo-lethal phenotypes in early mutants are due to abp 1 disruption of the neighboring gene BSM

The Auxin Binding Protein1 (ABP1) has been identified based on its ability to bind auxin with high affinity and studied for a long time as a prime candidate for the extracellular auxin receptor responsible for mediating in particular the fast non-transcriptional auxin responses. However, the contradiction between the embryo-lethal phenotypes of the originally described T-DNA Arabidopsis insertional knock-out alleles ( and ) and the wild type-like abp1-1 abp1-1s phenotypes of other recently described loss-of-function alleles ( and abp1-c1 ) questions the biological importance of ABP1 and relevance of the abp1-TD1 previous genetic studies. Here we show that there is no hidden copy of the gene in the genome but the embryo-lethal phenotypes of ABP1 Arabidopsis and alleles are very similar to the knock-out phenotypes of the abp1-1 abp1-1s neighboring gene, ( ). Furthermore, the allelic BELAYA SMERT BSM complementation test between and alleles shows that the bsm abp1 embryo-lethality in the and alleles is caused by the off-target abp1-1 abp1-1s disruption of the locus by the T-DNA insertions. This clarifies the BSM controversy of different phenotypes among published knock-out alleles abp1 and asks for reflections on the developmental role of ABP1. Jiří Friml ( ) Corresponding author: jiri.friml@ist.ac. at Michalko J, Dravecká M, Bollenbach T and Friml J. How to cite this article: Embryo-lethal phenotypes in early mutants are due to abp1 2015, :1104 (doi: disruption of the neighboring gene [version 1; referees: 3 approved] BSM F1000Research 4 ) 10.12688/f1000research.7143. 1 © 2015 Michalko J . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the , which Copyright: et al Creative Commons Attribution Licence permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication). Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver This work was supported by ERC Independent Research grant (ERC-2011-StG-20101109-PSDP to JF). JM internship was Grant information: supported by the grant “Action Austria – Slovakia”. Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. 23 Oct 2015, :1104 (doi: ) First published: 4 10.12688/f1000research.7143. 1 1,2 1 1
The effects of digital anaesthesia on predictive grip force adjustments during vertical movements of a grasped object

Grip force adjustments to fluctuations of inertial loads induced by vertical arm movements with a grasped object were analysed during normal and impaired finger sensibility. Normally grip force is modulated in a highly economical way in parallel with fluctuations of load force. Two subjects performed vertical up and down movements of a grasped object, both with normal finger sensibility and then cutaneously anaesthetized finger sensibility. Short breaks were taken in between single movements, during which the object was held stationary. After digital anaesthesia was applied to the grasping fingers, both subjects substantially increased the grip force. The grip force amplitude and timing still anticipated changes in load force, although the established grip force had already overcome movement‐induced load force peaks. This implies that the increase of grip force and consequently the elevated force ratio between maximum grip and maximum load force are not processed to alter the feedforward system of grip force control. Cutaneous afferent information from the grasping digits appears to be necessary for economic scaling of the grip force level, but it plays a subordinate role in the precise anticipatory temporal coupling of grip and load forces during voluntary object manipulation.
Spec-QP: Speculative Query Planning for Joins over Knowledge Graphs

Organisations store huge amounts of data from multiple heterogeneous sources in the form of Knowledge Graphs (KGs). One of the ways to query these KGs is to use SPARQL queries over a database engine. Since SPARQL follows exact match semantics, the queries may return too few or no results. Recent works have proposed query relaxation where the query engine judiciously replaces a query predicate with similar predicates using weighted relaxation rules mined from the KG. The space of possible relaxations is potentially too large to fully explore and users are typically interested in only top-k results, so such query engines use top-k algorithms for query processing. However, they may still process all the relaxations, many of whose answers do not contribute towards top-k answers. This leads to computation overheads and delayed response times. We propose Spec-QP, a query planning framework that speculatively determines which relaxations will have their results in the top-k answers. Only these relaxations are processed using the top-k operators. We, therefore, reduce the computation overheads and achieve faster response times without adversely affecting the quality of results. We tested Spec-QP over two datasets - XKG and Twitter, to demonstrate the efficiency of our planning framework at reducing runtimes with reasonable accuracy for query engines supporting relaxations.
Sphalerons, small fluctuations, and baryon-number violation in electroweak theory.

We study the formalism of the sphaleron approximation to baryon-number violation in the standard model at temperatures near 1 TeV. We investigate small fluctuations of the sphaleron, the competition of large-scale sphalerons with thermal fluctuations, and the damping of the transition rate in the plasma. We find a suppression of the rate due to Landau damping and due to factors arising from zero modes. Our approximations are valid in the regime 2MW(T)≪T≪2MW(T)/αW for models where λ∼g2. We find that the rate of baryon-number violation is still significantly larger than the expansion rate of the Universe.
Effect of a Cognitive Aid on Adherence to Perioperative Assessment and Management Guidelines for the Cardiac Evaluation of Noncardiac Surgical Patients

Background:The 2007 American College of Cardiologists/American Heart Association Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Evaluation and Care for Noncardiac Surgery is the standard for perioperative cardiac evaluation. Recent work has shown that residents and anesthesiologists do not apply these guidelines when tested. This research hypothesized that a decision support tool would improve adherence to this consensus guideline. Methods:Anesthesiology residents at four training programs participated in an unblinded, prospective, randomized, cross-over trial in which they completed two tests covering clinical scenarios. One quiz was completed from memory and one with the aid of an electronic decision support tool. Performance was evaluated by overall score (% correct), number of incorrect answers with possibly increased cost or risk of care, and the amount of time required to complete the quizzes both with and without the cognitive aid. The primary outcome was the proportion of correct responses attributable to the use of the decision support tool. Results:All anesthesiology residents at four institutions were recruited and 111 residents participated. Use of the decision support tool resulted in a 25% improvement in adherence to guidelines compared with memory alone (P < 0.0001), and participants made 77% fewer incorrect responses that would have resulted in increased costs. Use of the tool was associated with a 3.4-min increase in time to complete the test (P < 0.001). Conclusions:Use of an electronic decision support tool significantly improved adherence to the guidelines as compared with memory alone. The decision support tool also prevented inappropriate management steps possibly associated with increased healthcare costs.
Centralized Binary Patterns Embedded with Image Euclidean Distance for Facial Expression Recognition

The existing local binary pattern (LBP) operators have three disadvantages: (1) They produce rather long histograms, which slow down the recognition speed especially on large-scale face database; (2) Under some certain circumstance, they miss the local structure as they don't consider the effect of the center pixel; (3) The binary data produced by them are sensitive to noise. Aiming at these problems, we proposed centralized binary pattern (CBP) operator. CBP operator has several advantages: (1) It reduces significantly the histograms' dimensionality by comparing pairs of neighbors in the operator; (2) It considers the center pixel point's effect and gives it the largest weight, thus improving discrimination; (3) By modifying the sign function of existing LBP operator, it decreases the white noise's influence on face images. Moreover, for the purpose of improving the robustness to small perturbation (deformation) of expressional images, we introduced image Euclidean distance (IMED) and embedded it in CBP. Experiments on two well-known facial expression databases demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other modern approaches and show that IMED can enhance the performance of CBP in facial expression recognition.
Emergency radiology in Canada: a national survey.

OBJECTIVE To document the existing radiology services available to emergency physicians in hospitals across Canada and to preview future trends and needs. METHODS Questionnaires (n = 130) regarding the type, availability and satisfaction with radiology services were distributed to radiologists and emergency physicians at 65 hospitals across Canada. RESULTS Fifty-three (41%) questionnaires were returned, and 45 (35%) completed questionnaires from 35 hospitals were used for analysis (24 from radiologists and 21 from emergency physicians). Plain radiographs were available in all hospitals at all times. Ultrasonography, intravenous pyleograms and computed tomography (CT) were available in all departments during normal working hours; after hours, CT was unavailable in 1 hospital and ultrasonography was unavailable in 2. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) was routinely performed for blunt abdominal trauma in 6 centres, and 10 centres had teleradiology services. Regarding the quality of emergency service, 7 of 45 responded "poor," 4 "average," 14 "good," and 17 of 45 rated service "excellent. " Interestingly, most radiologists answered "good" or "excellent," and most of the "poor" responses came from emergency physicians. Regarding staff coverage after 5 pm, 34 hospitals provided CT services, 20 had ultrasonography staff available, and there was radiology nursing coverage in 14 hospitals. Clinical details on requisitions were generally rated "adequate" or "poor. " Although most radiograph reports were available within 48 hours, some took longer. Hot-seat reporting was available in 11 centres. During normal working hours, radiologists were the first to read films in 5 of 35 hospitals. After hours, emergency physicians were the first to read films in all hospitals, but only 14 hospitals indicated they were "formally" trained to do so. CONCLUSION This survey documents the strengths and weaknesses of the radiology services available to emergency physicians. The perceptions of emergency physicians and radiologists of the adequacy those services differ significantly.
Tailoring properties of porous Poly (vinylidene fluoride) scaffold through nano-sized 58s bioactive glass

Abstract The biological properties of porous poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) scaffolds fabricated by selective laser sintering were tailored through nano-sized 58s bioactive glass. The results showed that 58s bioactive glass distributed evenly in the PVDF matrix. There were some exposed particles on the surface which provided attachment sites for biological response. It was confirmed that the scaffolds had highly bioactivity by the formation of bone-like apatite in simulated body fluid. And the bone-like apatite became dense with the increase in 58s bioactive glass and culture time. Moreover, the scaffolds were suitable for cell adhesion and proliferation compared with the PVDF scaffolds without 58s bioactive glass. The research showed that the PVDF/58s bioactive glass scaffolds had latent application in bone tissue engineering.
An Evaluation of Performance Standards and Non-radioactive Endpoints for the Local Lymph Node Assay

This is the report of the 65th of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM). The main objective of ECVAM, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific Advisory Committee (ESAC), is to promote the scientific and regulatory acceptance of alternative methods which have scientific relevance and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory animals. One of the first priorities set by ECVAM was the implementation of procedures that would enable it to become well-informed about the state-of-the-art of non-animal test development and validation, and of opportunities for the possible incorporation of alternative methods into regulatory procedures. It was decided that this would be best achieved through a programme of ECVAM workshops, each addressing a specific topic, and at which selected groups of independent international experts would review the current status of various types of in vitro tests and their potential uses, and make recommendations about the best way forward. A Workshop on An Evaluation of Performance Standards and Non-radioactive Endpoints for the Local Lymph Node Assay was held at ECVAM on 25–27 September 2007, under the chairmanship of David Basketter. The workshop was attended by experts from academia, industry, national organisations, and national and international validation authorities. At present, the local lymph node assay (LLNA) involves the use of radiolabelled thymidine as part of the standard protocol. The aim of the workshop was to review the status of methods which employ non-radioactive endpoints for the LLNA and to consider Performance Standards for their eventual assessment. At the end of the report are listed recommendations that should be considered for progressing toward the validation of relevant and reliable methods.
Multidisciplinary care plans for diabetic patients: what do they contain?

BACKGROUND The Enhanced Primary Care package, introduced in 1999, included an item number for multidisciplinary care plans. There has been little research into what is contained in care plans. This study investigated what general practitioners documented in care plans for their diabetic patients. METHODS A retrospective audit of care plans was conducted as part of a larger audit that evaluated the impact of multidisciplinary care plans on the care of patients with type 2 diabetes. The subjects were GPs and their diabetic patients with care plans. RESULTS The care plans of 230 patients, identified by 26 GPs, were audited. Most GPs used a template to document care plans and the nature of the template influenced the content. There was limited information documented in care plans. DISCUSSION Simplification and consistency of care plan templates would assist the care planning process and encourage better documentation. Appropriate GP education is required to support this.
Children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure experience reduced control of isotonic force.

BACKGROUND Heavy prenatal alcohol exposure can result in diverse and extensive damage to the central nervous system, including the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex. Given that these brain regions are involved in the generation and maintenance of motor force, we predicted that prenatal alcohol exposure would adversely affect this parameter of motor control. We previously reported that children with gestational alcohol exposure experience significant deficits in regulating isometric (i.e., constant) force. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these children exhibit similar deficits when producing isotonic (i.e., graded) force. METHODS Children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and typically developing children completed a series of isotonic force contractions by exerting force on a load cell to match a criterion target force displayed on a computer monitor. Two levels of target force (5 or 20% of maximum voluntary force) were investigated in combination with varying levels of visual feedback. RESULTS Compared with control children, children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure generated isotonic force signals that were less accurate, more variable, and less complex in the time domain. Specifically, interactions were found between group and visual feedback for response accuracy and signal complexity, suggesting that these children have greater difficulty altering their motor output when visual feedback is low. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure produces deficits in regulating isotonic force, which presumably result from alcohol-related damage to developing brain regions involved in motor control. These children will most likely experience difficulty performing basic motor skills and daily functional skills that require coordination of finely graded force. Therapeutic strategies designed to increase feedback and, consequently, facilitate visual-motor integration could improve isotonic force production in these children.
Design of a randomized-controlled trial on low-intensity aerobic wheelchair exercise for inactive persons with chronic spinal cord injury

Purpose: To investigate effects and working mechanisms of low-intensity aerobic wheelchair exercise on fitness, (upper-body) health and active lifestyle in inactive persons with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A multicenter randomized-controlled trial (RCT) in 40 inactive manual wheelchair users (aged 28–65y) with chronic paraplegia or tetraplegia (time since injury >10y). Subjects will be randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention will consist of 16 weeks (2 times per week, 30 min per session) of low-intensity aerobic handrim wheelchair exercise (30–40% HRR) on a treadmill. Repeated measurements will be performed before starting the intervention or entrance of the control group, and after week 8, 16 and 42 following the start. The primary outcome will be wheelchair-specific physical fitness. Secondary outcomes will be upper-body pain and discomfort, shoulder load, propulsion technique, wheelchair skill performance and physical activity levels. Conclusions: Results of this first RCT on low-intensity aerobic wheelchair exercise for inactive persons with chronic SCI can improve SCI-specific exercise guidelines and provide an evidence-base for an aftercare program aimed at preserving fitness, health and active lifestyle of persons aging with SCI. Implications for Rehabilitation Low-intensity wheelchair aerobic exercise may be effective for improving fitness, (upper-body) health and active lifestyle of inactive persons with chronic SCI, without the high dropout rates that plague exercise programs for this population. Results of this study can 1) improve SCI-specific aerobic exercise guidelines and 2) provide an evidence-base for a long-term aftercare rehabilitation program for persons aging with SCI. As this study is embedded in Dutch rehabilitation practice, chances of knowledge transfer and implementation are high, and strengthen the Dutch SCI rehabilitation network.
Development of a new standard procedure for the evaluation of composite abrasive wear

This article discusses the development of a test bench and a methodology for the study of composite resin abrasive wear. To evaluate the operation of the test bench and to compare the proposed methodology with other existing ones, a study was made of the five composites most commonly used by dentists. The one-way ANOVA method and the Tukey test were used to statistically analyze the results by multiple comparisons of the groups of resins tested. Using the proposed methodology, these resins were classified in an increasing order of abrasive wear strength, as follows: Charisma (the lowest abrasive wear strength), Tetric, TPH, Herculite and Z-100 (the highest abrasive wear strength) (p < 0.05). In comparison to other methodologies, the results of the proposed methodology presented the lowest coefficient of variation.
Endocytosis in identified rat corticotrophs

We used the patch‐clamp technique, in conjunction with membrane capacitance measurement, fluorescence measurement of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), and flash photolysis of caged Ca2+ to study exo‐ and endocytosis in identified rat corticotrophs. Exocytosis stimulated by depolarization pulses was typically followed by a ‘slow’ endocytosis that retrieved the membrane with a time constant of ∼6 s. The efficiency (the endocytosis/exocytosis amplitude ratio) of ‘slow’ endocytosis was ∼1.2 at [Ca2+]i < 3 μm and increased to ∼1.6 at [Ca2+]i > 3 μm. Whole‐cell dialysis through a patch pipette did not affect the kinetics and the efficiency of ‘slow’ endocytosis, but the amplitude of exocytosis was reduced. ‘Slow’ endocytosis did not require sustained [Ca2+]i elevation and its kinetics was only weakly [Ca2+]i dependent. Our results suggest that ‘slow’ endocytosis involves a Ca2+ sensor with a high Ca2+ affinity (∼500 nm). At high [Ca2+]i (> 10 μm), the ‘slow’ endocytosis was frequently preceded by a ‘fast’ endocytosis that comprised multiple steps of rapid decrease in membrane capacitance. Neither calmodulin nor calcineurin appeared to be the Ca2+ sensor for endocytosis because the two forms of endocytosis were not affected by the calmodulin inhibitor calmidazolium (500 μm) or the calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporin A (1 μm) and calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide (1 mg ml−1). Ba2+, a poor activator of calmodulin, could support both forms of endocytosis but slowed the kinetics of ‘slow’ endocytosis ∼2‐fold. Non‐hydrolysable analogues of GTP (GDP‐β‐S) and ATP (ATP‐γ‐S) also failed to inhibit either form of endocytosis, indicating that neither GTP nor ATP was essential for endocytosis. We suggest that the high Ca2+ affinity of ‘slow’ endocytosis may be important for maintaining continuous cycles of exocytosis‐endocytosis during sustained adrenocorticotropin secretion in corticotrophs.
Effect of absorber length on hybrid mode-locking of a novel semiconductor laser

Mode-locked pulses from a novel laser structure are studied in order to investigate the effect of the length of the absorber section on pulse width. A travelling-wave model is used to predict an optimum absorber length of 100 /spl mu/m for a total device length of 1 mm. Experimental results demonstrate the shortening of pulses for absorber lengths of 50 /spl mu/m and 75 /spl mu/m as compared to the case without an absorber, but mode-locked operation of lasers with longer absorber lengths is not achieved.
supN ochre suppressor gene in Escherichia coli codes for tRNALys

We describe the cloning and nucleotide sequence of a new tRNALys gene, lysV, in Escherichia coli. An ochre suppressor allele of this gene, supN, codes for a tRNALys with anticodon UUA, presumably derived by a single base change from a wild-type UUU anticodon. The sequence of the supN tRNALys is identical to the sequence of ochre suppressor tRNAs encoded by mutant alleles at the lysT locus. This locus, which contains the two previously known tRNALys genes of E. coli, is located far from the lysV locus on the chromosome.
Repeater tuning against load variation for wireless power transfer

The incorporation of a repeater with a wireless power transfer (WPT) system for the performance improvement is investigated in this paper. Tuning of the self-resonance frequencies of transmitter, receiver and repeater coils is investigated as a promising approach to improve the performance against load variation. Theoretical analysis is presented using equivalent circuit method, and the 2-coil equivalent of WPT system with a repeaters is explored. Numerical results are presented along with experimental results to validate the proposed method.