Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Guanine nucleotide-dependent assembly of FtsZ into filaments

FtsZ is an essential cell division protein that is localized to the leading edge of the bacterial septum in a cytokinetic ring. It contains the tubulin signature motif and is a GTP binding protein with a GTPase activity. Further comparison of FtsZ with eukaryotic tubulins revealed some additional sequence similarities, perhaps indicating a similar GTP binding site. Examination of FtsZ incubated in vitro by electron microscopy revealed a guanine nucleotide-dependent assembly into protein filaments, supporting the hypothesis that the FtsZ ring is formed through self-assembly. FtsZ3, which is unable to bind GTP, does not polymerize, whereas FtsZ2, which binds GTP but is deficient in GTP hydrolysis, is capable of polymerization.
ERYTHROCYTE CATION TRANSPORT DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS WITH ENDOGENOUS DEPRESSION

1. The active cation transport mechanisms (ouabain‐dependent fluxes of sodium; ODS) and potassium (ODK), sodium‐potassium adenosine triphosphatase ([Na+‐K+]‐ATPase) activity as well as lithium‐sodium countertransport (LSC) reflecting sodium exchange diffusion, were studied in erythrocytes of forty‐four patients with endogenous depression both in acute episode and in remission, and compared with thirty healthy control subjects.
Regional Brain Blood Flow in the Conscious Gerbil

Regional brain blood flow was determined in 23 awake, unparalyzed gerbils with a simplified indicator-fractionation technique. The use of intravenous 14C-butanol, an indicator that is freely diffusible into the brain, eliminated the need for repetitive sampling of arterial and cerebral venous blood and reduced the period of indicator circulation to 10 seconds. Gerbils spontaneously breathing room air (Paco2 = 32 ± I (SE) mm Hg) had blood flows in whole cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem of 102 ± 4, 93 ± 5, and 114 ± 6 ml/lOOgm/min respectively. Cerebral blood flow increased linearly with elevations in Paco2 (r = 0.969) and averaged 3.14 ± 0.17 ml/lOOgm/min per mm Hg increase in Paco2. Interpolated cerebral blood flow at a Paco2 of 40 mm Hg was 127 ± 2 ml/lOOgm/min. This technique is easy and convenient to use, involves no intracrania! surgery, requires steady state conditions for only 10 seconds, and minimizes blood loss in small animals. In more discrete brain regions a less volatile indicator is needed.
Use of thiopurine testing in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases in clinical practice: A worldwide survey of experts

Background: We performed a worldwide survey to evaluate the extent to which gastroenterologists who are experts in the field of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are utilizing thiopurine metabolism in practice. Methods: This was a Web‐based cross‐sectional survey consisting of 12 multiple‐choice and open‐ended questions. Results: Between December 2009 and April 2010, 175 questionnaires were received. The proportion of practitioners with access and reimbursement for thiopurine S‐methyltransferase (TPMT) genotype, TPMT phenotype, 6‐thioguanine nucleotides (6‐TGN) levels, and 6‐methylmercaptopurine ribonucleotides (6‐MMP) levels was 48%, 54%, 44%, and 35%, respectively. Before azathioprine initiation, TPMT genotype and phenotype were performed by only 30% and 43% of responders, respectively. In patients on thiopurine therapy, 6‐TGN and 6‐MMP levels were determined by 54% and 44% of responders, respectively. Only 27% of physicians always wait for TMPT activity/genotype results before initiating azathioprine and 81% do not routinely recheck metabolite levels after dose escalation or reduction. In cases of very high or low TPMT activity, 75% and 74% of practitioners take into account TMPT activity result, respectively. If access to all azathioprine metabolite measurements was available and if all these tests were reimbursed by public health insurance, 47% of responders would use these tests more often in their practice. The availability and reimbursement of TPMT status and azathioprine metabolites strongly influenced experts' attitudes. Conclusions: Thiopurine testing is relatively underutilized by IBD gastroenterologists. The availability and reimbursement of TPMT status and azathioprine metabolites strongly influence the management of IBD patients treated with thiopurines.
Ontogenic Changes of the Spinal GABAergic Cell Population Are Controlled by the Serotonin (5-HT) System: Implication of 5-HT1 Receptor Family

During the development of the nervous system, the acquisition of the GABA neurotransmitter phenotype is crucial for neural networks operation. Although both intrinsic and extrinsic signals such as transcription factors and growth factors have been demonstrated to govern the acquisition of GABA, few data are available concerning the effects of modulatory transmitters expressed by axons that progressively invade emerging neuronal networks. Among such transmitters, serotonin (5-HT) is a good candidate because serotonergic axons innervate the entire CNS at very early stages of development. We have shown previously that descending 5-HT slows the maturation of inhibitory synaptic transmission in the embryonic mouse spinal cord. We now report that 5-HT also regulates the spatiotemporal changes of the GABAergic neuronal population in the mouse spinal cord. Using a quantitative confocal study performed on acute and cultured spinal cords, we find that the GABAergic population matures according to a similar rostrocaudal temporal gradient both in utero and in organotypic culture. Moreover, we show that 5-HT delays the appearance of the spinal GABAergic system. Indeed, in the absence of 5-HT descending inputs or exogenous 5-HT, the GABAergic population matures earlier. In the presence of exogenous 5-HT, the GABA population matures later. Finally, using a pharmacological approach, we show that 5-HT exerts its action via the 5-HT1 receptor family. Together, our data suggest that, during the course of the embryonic development, 5-HT descending inputs delay the maturation of lumbar spinal motor networks relative to brachial networks.
Integrating spectral and spatial features for hyperspectral image classification using low-rank representation

In the fields of remote sensing image processing, hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is a hot topic, which involves computer graphics, statistics, matrix theory and other disciplines. In this study, we prefer to use machine learning classification algorithm (supervised learning or unsupervised learning) to predict under the context of HSI classification. Recently, sparse representation based on dictionary learning has been attracted growing interest in data processing. Low-rank matrix representation (LRR), representative method of sparse representation, is able to decompose the noises contained in HSI from the original data. According to the hypothesis that the adjacent elements in HSI may belong to the same category, the whole image can be divided into groups in advance and we can implemented a LRR for each group separately. By extracting two types of features, spectral and spatial features, we integrate these features into LRR and predict the class of each pixel in the image with a classifier, support vector machine (SVM). Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method on two benchmark datasets.
Information Technology Governance Archetype in an Indonesian University

Information Technology (IT) governance is used as a structure and control in alignment of IT functions and business goals. One of ABC University’s business goal is to achieve World Class University in 2021. This paper presents a study in one of IT governance’s component, likely structure of IT decisions right or archetype. It is needed to evaluate right applied archetype to achieve the alignment of business goals on five keys of IT decisions, namely IT principles, IT architecture, IT infrastructure, business application needs, and IT investment. COBIT 4.1 and the research of Weill and Ross (CISR) were used as the framework. The study was conducted by collecting data through observation, questionnaires, and interviews, as well as data analysis based on the existing conditions, and respondents’ perception.The analysis shows that there are still weaknesses in the existing IT governance conditions and archetype, so as it’s advisable the appropriate improvement recommendations.
Temporal analysis of events of drought in the municipalities of Caraúbas and Monteiro - PB

A seca e um prolongado periodo de deficit hidrico e ocorre quando um site recebe chuvas abaixo dos niveis normais. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e analisar as secas severas e extremas que ocorreram nos municipios de Caraubas e Monteiro. Os dados de precipitacao foram obtidos atraves da Agencia Executiva de Gestao das Aguas do Estado da Paraiba (AESA). Foram utilizados dados totais precipitados mensais no periodo de 1931-2014 para Caraubas e Monteiro. Para monitorar as secas foi utilizado o Indice Padronizado de Precipitacao. O site Caraubas apresentados mais secas do que Monteiro Isto e explicado pelo fato de o Cariri Oriental a ser mais seco do que o ocidental. No total Caraubas apresentou 35 secas (severa e extrema 32 3) e Monteiro 32 (5 extremas 27 grave e). Poderia tambem ser notado que em Caraubas houve secas severas e extremas durante a decada de 1930 e 2000. Ja em Monteiro havia na decada de 1940 e 1960. Em relacao as quantidades de secas que ocorreram em Caraubas, a ordem e a seguinte : 1950> 1970> 1980> 2010> 1990> 1940. Ja Monteiro, 1980> 1930> 1950> 2010> 1990> 1970. As secas mais severas em Caraubas foram os de 1952-1955, 2012-2014, 1998-1999 e 1979-1984. Monteiro mostrou maior gravidade em 1981-1984, 1998-2000 e 2012-2014. De acordo com estes dados concluimos que nao houve mais secas na decada de 2010 do que no ano anterior, a ocorrencia de variacoes sao normais para um fenomeno ciclico.
Quantum Monte Carlo simulation method for spin systems.

A quantum Monte Carlo simulation scheme for spin systems is presented. The method is a generalization of Handscomb's method but applicable to any length of the spin, i.e., when the spin traces cannot be evaluated analytically. The Monte Carlo sampling is extended to the space of spin vectors in addition to the usual operator-index sequences. An important technical point is that the index sequences are augmented with the aid of unit operators to a constant, self-consistently determined length. The scheme is applied to the one-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin-S Heisenberg model. Results at low temperatures are reported for S=1 and S=3/2 and system sizes up to N=64. The computed magnetic structure factor in the S=1 chain is in agreement with earlier ground-state calculations. For S=3/2 we find the exponent \ensuremath{\gamma}\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{}=0.49\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04 for the divergence of the antiferromagnetic structure factor. Further, the susceptibility as a function of the wave number is computed. For S=1 the staggered susceptibility \ensuremath{\chi}(\ensuremath{\pi}) at T=0 is found to take the value 20.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5 in units such that \ensuremath{\chi}(q)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\mathit{T}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at high temperatures (with the temperature scale defined by ${\mathit{k}}_{\mathit{B}}$=1). For S=3/2 we obtain the exponent \ensuremath{\gamma}=1.45\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05 for the divergence of the staggered susceptibility.
Expression and Distribution of Tartrate-resistant Purple Acid Phosphatase in the Rat Nervous System

Tartrate-resistant purple acid phosphatase (TRAP) of osteoclasts and certain cells of the monocyte–macrophage lineage belongs to the family of purple acid phosphatases (PAPs). We provide here evidence for TRAP/PAP expression in the central and peripheral nervous systems in the rat. TRAP/PAP protein was partially purified and characterized from the trigeminal ganglion, brain, and spinal cord. The TRAP activity (U/mg tissue) in these tissues was about 10–20 times lower than in bone. Reducing agents, e.g. ascorbate and ferric iron, increased the TRAP activity from the neural tissues (nTRAP) and addition of oxidizing agents completely inactivated both bone and nTRAP. The IC50 for three known oxyanion inhibitors of TRAP/PAP was similar for bone and nTRAP with the same rank order of potency (molybdate > tungstate > phosphate). This indicates that the redox-sensitive binuclear iron center characteristic of mammalian PAPs is present also in nTRAP. Western blots of partially purified nTRAP revealed a band with the expected size of 35 kD. The expression of TRAP in the trigeminal ganglion, brain, and spinal cord was confirmed at the mRNA level by RT-PCR. In situ hybridization histochemistry demonstrated TRAP mRNA expression in small ganglion cells of the trigeminal ganglion, in α-motor neurons of the ventral spinal cord, and in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. TRAP-like immunoreactivity was encountered in the cytoplasm of neuronal cell bodies in specific areas of both the central and the peripheral nervous system. Together, the data demonstrate that active TRAP/PAP is expressed in certain parts of the rat nervous system.
The Electromyogram and Mechanomyogram in Monitoring Neuromuscular Fatigue: Techniques, Results, Potential Use within the Dynamic Effort

The paper provides a functional, practically oriented overview of the concept and technical possibilities of monitoring the neuromuscular fatigue via the electromyographic and the mechanomyographic signals, as essentially related to the muscle contraction and intimately mirroring muscle activation and contraction mechanisms. The Fast Fourier Transform-based and Wavelet Transform-based techniques are critically analysed, illustrated and discussed, on the international arena and through original work. An original technique - the Area/Amplitude Ratio (Raa) - is also comparatively discussed, as a practical alternative instrument in monitoring the neuromuscular fatigue in a dynamic contraction - important issue in real life activity - , e.g. work in difficult environments, pilots in mission, difficult work in normal environments. The myoelectric activity detected with surface electrodes, surface electromyogram (SEMG), may be considered as the summation of the electrical signals generated by a number of motor units, active within the same motor territory in the proximity of the electrodes. The SEMG signal is a convenient mean to study the muscle behavior under fatiguing exercise, as it proves time-dependent changes, provided care is taken to prevent cross talk from adjacent muscles. Sustained muscular contractions externally associated with not being able to maintain a certain force lead to physiological fatigue, tremor or pain, localized in the specific muscle (localized muscular fatigue). Fatigue is defined as 'any reduction in the force generating capacity, measured by maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), regardless of the task performed' (4). The failure in maintaining the motor task defines the endurance limit; endurance time is the total duration of the task up to the endurance limit. Fatigue is associated
Random neural networks based cognitive controller for HVAC in non-domestic building using LoRa

The critical requirements for devices connected in Internet of Things (IoT) are long battery life, long coverage range, and low deployment cost. In our previous work, we developed cognitive controller for controlling the HVAC of non-domestic building using short range communication in an unlicensed spectrum (915 MHz). In this work, we have upgraded our cognitive controller with recently developed long range communication (LoRa) technology and compared it with short range RF communication in an indoor building. The comparison is made in terms of battery life, coverage range, control accuracy and memory size. The effect of changing the transmission power of LoRa on battery consumption of the sensor node is also evaluated. Results show that coverage range of LoRa is 60.4% more than short range communication inside a building.
Alveolar epithelial responses in experimental streptococcal pneumonia

We describe an experimental model of pneumonia in Wistar rats evoked by Streptococcus sanguis. The lesion developed rapidly as a confluent bronchopneumonia of the single‐lobed left lung. Except at the extreme base, where an abscess formed, the pneumonic process thereafter resolved, and most of the lung appeared microscopically and ultrastructurally normal 8 days after infection.
Genetic structure of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) populations estimated by RAPD

Annual ryegrass is a temperate climate annual foraging grass, grown mostly in the South of Brazil, especially in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Despite its importance, little is known about its genetic diversity, both within and among the populations cultivated. This knowledge is of fundamental importance for developing breeding and conservation strategies. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic diversity and structure of four populations of annual ryegrass. Three of the populations were located in Rio Grande do Sul and the fourth in Uruguay. RAPD markers were used to study the genetic diversity and structure of these populations. Analysis of 375 individuals sampled from the populations, using six RAPD primers, generated a total of 82 amplified bands. They included 73 polymorphic bands (89,02%). The value of the total genetic diversity index obtained, (0,71) was high, indicating the presence of wide genetic diversity in the four populations. Genetic structure analysis revealed that 98% of total diversity is intrapopulational, whereas interpopulational genetic diversity was only 2%. These results suggest that before these populations separated, they had gone through a period of gene exchange and, even after the separation event, gene frequency stayed at levels similar to the original levels, with no differential selection for these genes in the different cultivation areas.
A Streptomyces coelicolor functional orthologue of Escherichia coli RNase E shows shuffling of catalytic and PNPase‐binding domains

Previous work has detected an RNase E‐like endoribonucleolytic activity in cell extracts obtained from Streptomyces. Here, we identify a Streptomyces coelicolor gene, rns, encoding a 140 kDa protein (RNase ES) that shows endoribonucleolytic cleavage specificity characteristic of RNase E, confers viability on and allows propagation of Escherichia coli cells lacking RNase E and accomplishes RNase E‐like regulation of plasmid copy number in E. coli. However, notwithstanding its complementation of rne‐deleted E. coli, RNase ES did not accurately process 9S rRNA from E. coli. Additionally, whereas RNase E is normally required for E. coli survival, rns is not an essential gene in S. coelicolor. Deletion analysis mapped the catalytic domain of RNase ES near its centre and showed that regions located near the RNase ES termini interact with an S. coelicolor homologue of polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) – a major component of E. coli RNase E‐based degradosomes. The interacting arginine‐ and proline‐rich segments resemble the C‐terminally located degradosome scaffold region of E. coli RNase E. Our results indicate that RNase ES is a structurally shuffled RNase E homologue showing evolutionary conservation of functional RNase E‐like enzymatic activity, and suggest the existence of degradosome‐like complexes in Gram‐positive bacteria.
Assessing the Value Provided by ERP Applications Through Organizational Activities

When managers and stockholders consider making an investment in information technology (IT), as with any other investment, a major concern is whether this investment will add to the performance of their organization. However, it is difficult to identify the nature of the linkage between an investment in IT in general, and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), in particular, to an organization's performance. In this study we extend the work of Barua et al., Lerch and Mangal, and Tallon et al. We develop a model to identify the value ERP applications add to Porter’s organizational primary activities and the information systems (IS) applications related to ERP that help deliver added value through organizational characteristics. This new model should help in assessing the potential value of an ERP investment. We examine the relationship of ERP applications and organizational characteristics to an organization’s primary activities by a path analysis of more than 200 medium and large sized manufacturing firms. The results of this investigation indicate that organizational characteristics mediate the relationship between IS applications and the value ERP can add to the organizational primary activities. Consequently, organizations with different characteristics may add different value to their primary activities by using ERP applications. We found that each primary activity was supported by some, though not necessarily all, IS applications included in most ERP packages. We conclude that an organization's characteristics are related to the return that may be gained from the use of ERP systems. We offer recommendations on how organizations can use ERP to add value to their primary activities, based on their organizational characteristics.
The study of nondestructive testing of rock bolts based on PNN and wavelet packet

Anchoring technology is widely used in slope, tunnels and underground engineering. However, the quality of rock bolts is still a hot problem difficult to solve. Considering the shortcoming of pull-out testing, defect recognition in a nondestructive way is necessary. Decomposing the signals obtained by bolt quality detector with wavelet packet; extracting energy feature by wavelet packet energy spectrum; converting the normalized energy eigenvector as input of probabilistic neural network. With a higher accuracy than RBF, the PNN model can provide a reference for recognition defects of rock bolts in engineering without destruction.
Fertility Among Brothers of Patients with Testicular Cancer

Objective: Patients with testicular cancer have decreased fertility prior to the diagnosis of cancer, although it is not clear whether the subfertility is the result of an emerging tumor, or whether subfertility and testicular cancer share causes. To test if they share causes, we assessed fertility among brothers of patients with testicular cancer. Methods: We compared 5,613 siblings (2,878 brothers) of patients with germ-cell testicular cancer, diagnosed in Sweden from 1960 to 2002, with 6,151 population controls (3,202 men). Using the Swedish Multi-Generation Register, we obtained information on the number of children born (until December 2003) from cases (n = 9,480) and controls (n = 10,739). Fertility was measured using two indicators, (a) offspring twinning rates, as dizygotic twinning is reduced by male subfertility, and (b) number of children. We used unconditional logistic regression, and analyzed brothers and sisters separately. Analyses on the number of children were restricted to subjects (39%) born prior to 1954, for whom information on reproductive life until age 50 was available. Results: Brothers, but not sisters, of patients with testicular cancer were less likely to have unlike-sex twins than controls (for unlike-sex twins, the odds ratio for the father being a sibling of testicular cancer patient was 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-1.09). The likelihood of being a brother of a patient with testicular cancer decreased monotonically with increasing number of children (P = 0.05), whereas no association was observed for the sisters. Conclusion: The decreased fertility found among brothers of patients with testicular cancer argues in favor of shared causes between cancer-associated subfertility and testicular cancer. Genetic links and shared environment could explain the association.