Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A survey and analysis of task allocation algorithms in multi-robot systems

The problem of multi-robot task allocation (MRTA) recently has received significant attention within the robotic research community. Despite the algorithms of the MRTA problems are growing in popularity and quality, they are scattered in different literature. In addition, the evaluation criteria among the algorithms are inconsistent. To address this issue, we overview the principal MRTA algorithms and assess them under a relatively consistent criterion. In this paper, we launch our research from three specific directions: task model, solution model, and magnitudes used in algorithm's cost function.
The Link between Emotional Intelligence and Creativity

Empathic accuracy, or the ability to accurately know the emotional states of others, is a basic aspect of emotional intelligence. The current study explored the relationship between a standard measure of emotion-detection ability, the reading the mind in the eyes test, along with spontaneous measures of creativity (as well as the Big Five personality traits). To measure spontaneous creativity, participants were asked to come up with brief captions for two New Yorker cartoons. Three independent judges rated all captions along 10 continuous creativity dimensions. Participants also completed Gosling’s brief measure of the Big Five. In a sample of 265 adults from around the world, the reading the mind in the eyes emerged as significantly and positively predictive of 9 of the 10 creativity indices. Regression analyses demonstrated that these relationships existed after controlling for gender and age of participant. Further, of the Big Five traits, conscientiousness emerged as negatively related to several indices of creativity. Implications for the relationship between social-perceptual processes (e.g., empathic accuracy) and social-productive processes (e.g., spontaneous creativity) are discussed.
Multiple Facial Features Representation for Real-Time Face Recognition

The combination of two face feature extraction methods for face recognition is proposed. The proposed approach treats the face recognition problem as a one-dimensional (1-D) problem rather than two-dimensional (2-D) geometry. The horizontal projection and the statistical distribution of facial gray image are adopted respectively as 1-D energy signal representation for each face image. To reduce the dimension of signal and improve the performance, the wavelet transform is proposed. Finally, the probabilistic neural network is used to recognize each individual. The performances of the proposed method are evaluated and compared with other proposed methods on ORL database and IIS database. The experiment results show that the performance of the proposed method is much better than the other methods. Besides, we developed a computer system that can capture face image in a complex background and recognize the person by comparing characteristics of the face to those of known individuals. The proposed algorithm is also evaluated on a real environment database and the results are encouraging. Experimental results show that the proposed method possesses excellent performance as well as low memory requirement.
Modular assembly of transposon integratable multigene vectors using RecWay assembly

Studying complex biological processes such as cancer development, stem cell induction and transdifferentiation requires the modulation of multiple genes or pathways at one time in a single cell. Herein, we describe straightforward methods for rapid and efficient assembly of bacterial marker free multigene cassettes containing up to six complementary DNAs/short hairpin RNAs. We have termed this method RecWay assembly, as it makes use of both Cre recombinase and the commercially available Gateway cloning system. Further, because RecWay assembly uses truly modular components, it allows for the generation of randomly assembled multigene vector libraries. These multigene vectors are integratable, and later excisable, using the highly efficient piggyBac (PB) DNA transposon system. Moreover, we have dramatically improved the expression of stably integrated multigene vectors by incorporation of insulator elements to prevent promoter interference seen with multigene vectors. We demonstrate that insulated multigene PB transposons can stably integrate and faithfully express up to five fluorescent proteins and the puromycin-thymidine kinase resistance gene in vitro, with up to 70-fold higher gene expression compared with analogous uninsulated vectors. RecWay assembly of multigene transposon vectors allows for widely applicable modelling of highly complex biological processes and can be easily performed by other research laboratories.
Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Synthesized Silver and IronNanoparticles using Aloe vera

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative antibacterial potential of silver and Iron nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous plant extracts of Aloe vera. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterzed by UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. The antibacterial activity of synthesized silver and iron nanoparticles was compared by agar well diffussion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was also calculated. The zone of inhibition varied in range of 9 to 18 mm for silver nanoparticales and 10 to17 mm for iron nanoparticles. The maximum zone of inhibition for silver nanoparticles was 18 mm against Proteus mirabilis. The maximum zone of inhibition for iron nanoparticles was 17 mm against Klebsiella pneumonia. MICs of silver nanoparticles were found to be in a range from 195 to 780 μg/ml and that of iron was 390 to 1560 μg/ml against tested microbes. The synthesized silver nanoparticles of aqueous Aloe vera extracts have shown good antibacterial efficacy as compared to iron nanoparticles and may prove to be better antibacterial agent against wide range of microbes.
Nonperturbative QCD treatment of high-energy hadron-hadron scattering.

Total cross sections and logarithmic slopes of the elastic scattering cross sections for different hadronic processes are calculated in the framework of the model of the stochastic vacuum. The relevant parameters of this model, a correlation length and the gluon condensate, are determined from scattering data, and found to be in very good agreement with values coming from completely different sources of information. A parameter-free relation is given between total cross sections and slope parameters, which is shown to be remarkably valid up to the highest energies for which data exist.
A two-stage Otsu'S thresholding based method on a 2D histogram

We propose a fast and robust thresholding method that can overcome the shortcoming of the traditional and two-dimensional (2D) Otsu's methods. Our method takes advantage of the gradient gray level to divide the 2D histogram region, and applies the traditional Otsu's thresholding method twice on two projection histograms to separate the regions of interest from the background. The experimental results show that our method is robust against noise, and it requires less computational time than the 2D Otsu's and four other thresholding methods, which also give highly satisfactory and comparable results.
Analyzing and Predicting Not-Answered Questions in Community-based Question Answering Services

This paper focuses on analyzing and predicting not-answered questions in Community based Question Answering (CQA) services, such as Yahoo! Answers. In CQA services, users express their information needs by submitting natural language questions and await answers from other human users. Comparing to receiving results from web search engines using keyword queries, CQA users are likely to get more specific answers, because human answerers may catch the main point of the question. However, one of the key problems of this pattern is that sometimes no one helps to give answers, while web search engines hardly fail to response. In this paper, we analyze the not-answered questions and give a first try of predicting whether questions will receive answers. More specifically, we first analyze the questions of Yahoo Answers based on the features selected from different perspectives. Then, we formalize the prediction problem as supervised learning – binary classification problem and leverage the proposed features to make predictions. Extensive experiments are made on 76,251 questions collected from Yahoo! Answers. We analyze the specific characteristics of not-answered questions and try to suggest possible reasons for why a question is not likely to be answered. As for prediction, the experimental results show that classification based on the proposed features outperforms the simple word-based approach significantly.
Quantifying pollution inflow and outflow over East Asia through coupling regional and global models

Quantifying pollution inflow and outflow over East Asia through coupling regional and global models M. Lin, T. Holloway, G. R. Carmichael, and A. M. Fiore Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey, USA Received: 5 December 2009 – Accepted: 15 December 2009 – Published: 5 January 2010 Correspondence to: M. Lin (mlin26@wisc.edu) Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.
Dynamic motion planning for autonomous mobile robot using fuzzy potential field

A new fuzzy potential field is presented for autonomous mobile robot motion planning with dynamic environments. Two fuzzy models have been used to accomplish the total attractive and repulsive forces acting on the mobile robot. The proposed fuzzy potential field motion planning was investigated based on several conducted simulation scenarios for robot motion planning within realistic dynamic environments. As it was noticed from these simulations the proposed approach was able to provide the robot with collision free path to softly land on the moving target and solved the local minimum problem within any stationary or dynamic environment compared to other potential field based approaches.
Traditional medicine used in childbirth and for childhood diarrhoea in Nigeria's Cross River State: interviews with traditional practitioners and a statewide cross-sectional study

Objectives Examine factors associated with use of traditional medicine during childbirth and in management of childhood diarrhoea. Design Cross-sectional cluster survey, household interviews in a stratified last stage random sample of 90 census enumeration areas; unstructured interviews with traditional doctors. Setting Oil-rich Cross River State in south-eastern Nigeria has 3.5 million residents, most of whom depend on a subsistence agriculture economy. Participants 8089 women aged 15–49 years in 7685 households reported on the health of 11 305 children aged 0–36 months in July–August 2011. Primary and secondary outcome measures Traditional medicine used at childbirth and for management of childhood diarrhoea; covariates included access to Western medicine and education, economic conditions, engagement with the modern state and family relations. Cluster-adjusted analysis relied on the Mantel-Haenszel procedure and Mantel extension. Results 24.1% (1371/5686) of women reported using traditional medicine at childbirth; these women had less education, accessed antenatal care less, experienced more family violence and were less likely to have birth certificates for their children. 11.3% (615/5425) of young children with diarrhoea were taken to traditional medical practitioners; these children were less likely to receive BCG, to have birth certificates, to live in households with a more educated head, or to use fuel other than charcoal for cooking. Education showed a gradient with decreasing use of traditional medicine for childbirth (χ2 135.2) and for childhood diarrhoea (χ2 77.2). Conclusions Use of traditional medicine is associated with several factors related to cultural transition and to health status, with formal education playing a prominent role. Any assessment of the effectiveness of traditional medicine should anticipate confounding by these factors, which are widely recognised to affect health in their own right.
The Effect of Power versus Personal Control on Rape Myth Acceptance

Much of the literature regarding rape myth acceptance has focused on factors that increase these attitudes, and little research has been done on factors that may decrease rape myth acceptance. Two studies were conducted to look at the effects of priming with either power (Study 1) or personal control (Study 2) on rape myth acceptance. Study 1 used power poses to prime participants, before they completed measures of rape myth acceptance, sexism, system justification and self-objectification. I found a significant three-way interaction between benevolent sexism, gender and power on rape myth acceptance, whereby males with high levels of benevolent sexism showed an increase in rape myth acceptance after a high power prime, relative to a low power prime. Study 2 used an online questionnaire to measure sexism levels and then prime participants with personal control, before assessing rape myth acceptance. The results again showed a significant effect for males with high levels of benevolent sexism; however, this time they showed a decrease in rape myth acceptance when personal control was increased, relative to the decreased control condition. It seems that personal control can decrease rape myth acceptance, while power increases rape myth acceptance, but only for males who are high in benevolent sexism. The results of both studies are discussed, and limitations and future recommendations are considered.
Home Telehealth Interventions for People with Asthma

Background: The efficacy of tele health interventions for achieving comparable or improved clinical outcomes has not been established well. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of home tele health interventions for people with asthma. Methods: An electronic search was performed in three different databases (Medline, Embase and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register). English language articles were selected for inclusion if they met the following criteria: randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing a receiving tele health care with receiving usual care, inclusion of patients with asthma of any level of severity, and evaluation of efficacy or quality of life. Results: A total of 24 articles met inclusion criteria and were assessed. The included studies investigated various types of telecommunications technology to support and deliver healthcare from a distance. Improvement in asthma symptoms, quality of life and self-care behaviors as well as reduction in hospitalizations and emergency department visits was observed in different studies. There was a high level of acceptance of using the tele health systems among both healthcare providers and individuals. However, no statistically significant difference between the groups was observed in most of included studies. Conclusions: Overall, home tele health interventions appear to enhance patient access to healthcare professionals. Tele health solutions for asthma care are feasible and well-accepted and increase self-management skills, but evidence for their effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes is not strong. More research is needed to assess the effects of the range of telemedicine technologies.
Needle insertion modeling through several tissue layers

The modeling of needle insertion into tissues is important for simulation of this procedure and for robotic technologies applied to percutaneous therapy. In this article, we present a first attempt to develop a general force model for the needle insertion throw different tissue layers (skin, fat and muscle) to reach an internal organ (the liver, for instance) with objectives of control, looking for an optimal (less invasive and more accurate) puncture task. The forces are divided into three parts: stiffness, a nonlinear model; friction, a modified Dahl model; and cutting, a constant for a given tissue. Results show that the overall shape of forces presents the main phases of a needle insertion through several tissue layer.
Ju n 20 07 Induced Ramsey-type theorems

We present a unified approach to proving Ramsey-type theorems for graphs with a forbidden induced subgraph which can be used to extend and improve the earlier results of Rödl, ErdősHajnal, Prömel-Rödl, Nikiforov, Chung-Graham, and Luczak-Rödl. The proofs are based on a simple lemma (generalizing one by Graham, Rödl, and Ruciński) that can be used as a replacement for Szemerédi’s regularity lemma, thereby giving much better bounds. The same approach can be also used to show that pseudo-random graphs have strong induced Ramsey properties. This leads to explicit constructions for upper bounds on various induced Ramsey numbers. 1 Background and Introduction Ramsey theory refers to a large body of deep results in mathematics concerning partitions of large structures. Its underlying philosophy is captured succinctly by the statement that “In a large system, complete disorder is impossible. ” This is an area in which a great variety of techniques from many branches of mathematics are used and whose results are important not only to graph theory and combinatorics but also to logic, analysis, number theory, and geometry. Since the publication of the seminal paper of Ramsey [42] in 1930, this subject has grown with increasing vitality, and is currently among the most active areas in combinatorics. For a graph H, the Ramsey number r(H) is the least positive integer n such that every two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph Kn on n vertices contains a monochromatic copy of H. Ramsey’s theorem states that r(H) exists for every graph H. A classical result of Erdős and Szekeres [26], which is a quantitative version of Ramsey’s theorem, implies that r(Kk) ≤ 22k for every positive integer k. Erdős [19] showed using probabilistic arguments that r(Kk) > 2 k/2 for k > 2. Over the last sixty years, there has been several improvements on the lower and upper bounds of r(Kk), the most recent by Conlon [15]. However, despite efforts by various researchers, the constant factors in the exponents of these bounds remain the same. A subset of vertices of a graph is homogeneous if it is either an independent set (empty subgraph) or a clique (complete subgraph). For a graph G, denote by hom(G) the size of the largest homogeneous subset of vertices of G. A restatement of the Erdős-Szekeres result is that every graph G on n vertices satisfies hom(G) ≥ 1 2 log n, while the Erdős result says that for each n ≥ 2 there is a graph G on n Department of Mathematics, Princeton, Princeton, NJ. Email: jacobfox@math.princeton. edu. Research supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and a Princeton Centennial Fellowship. Department of Mathematics, Princeton, Princeton, NJ. Email: bsudakov@math.princeton. edu. Research supported in part by NSF CAREER award DMS-0546523, NSF grant DMS-0355497 and by a USA-Israeli BSF grant.
Realistic BGP traffic for test labs

This paper examines the possibility of generating realistic routing tables of arbitrary size along with realistic BGP updates of arbitrary frequencies via an automated tool deployable in a small-scale test lab. Such a tool provides the necessary foundations to study such questions as: the limits of BGP scalability, the reasons behind routing instability, and the extent to which routing instability influences the forwarding performance of a router.We find that the answer is affirmative. In this paper we identify important characteristics/metrics of routing tables and updates which provide the foundation of the proposed BGP workload model. Based on the insights of an extensive characterization of BGP traffic according to such metrics as prefix length distributions, fanout, amount of nesting of routing table prefixes, AS path length, number and times between BGP update bursts and number and times between BGP session resets, etc., we introduce our prototype tool, rtg. rtg realizes the workload model and is capable of generating realistic BGP traffic. Through its flexibility and parameterization rtg enables us to study the sensibilities of test systems in a repeatable and consistent manner while still providing the possibility of capturing the different characteristics from different vantage points in the network.
Discovery of >350 GeV Gamma Rays from the BL Lacertae Object 1ES 2344+514

We present the discovery of >350 GeV gamma-ray emission from the BL Lacertae object 1ES 2344+514 with the Whipple Observatory 10m gamma-ray telescope. This is the third BL Lac object detected at gamma-ray energies above 300 Gev, the other two being Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) and Mrk501. These three active galactic nuclei are all X-ray selected and have the lowest known redshifts of any BL Lac objects currently identified. The evidence for emission derives primarily from an apparent flare on December 20, 1995 when a 6 sigma excess was detected with a flux approximately 63% of the very high energy gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula, the standard candle for TeV gamma-ray sources. Excluding the flare, observations between October 1995 and January 1996 yield a 4 sigma detection corresponding to 11% of the VHE Crab Nebula flux. Observations spanning September 1996 to January 1997 failed to yield a significant detection of a steady flux or any flaring. For this period, the 99.9% confidence level upper limit is <8% of the Crab Nebula. The low baseline emission level and variations in nightly and yearly flux of 1ES 22344+514 are the same as the VHE emission characteristics of Mrk 421 and Mrk 501
Validation of Color Managed 3D Appearance Acquisition

Image-based appearance acquisition algorithms are able to generate realistic 3D models of real objects but have previously not taken care of calibrated color space. We integrate a color managed high-dynamic range imaging technique into a recent appearance acquisition algorithm and generate models in CIE XYZ color space. We compare the final models with spectrophotometric measurements and compute difference images between renderings and ground truth images. Displayed renderings and printouts are compared to the original objects under identical illumination conditions to evaluate and validate the complete appearance reproduction pipeline. Working in CIE XYZ color space allows for expressing the perceivable differences in a standardized measure.