Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Resource Allocation in Cloud Environment Under Time-variant Job Requests

In Cloud environments, efficient resource provisioning and management present today a challenging issue because of the dynamic nature of the Cloud on one hand, and the need to satisfy heterogeneous resource requirements on the other hand. In such dynamic environments where end-users can arrive and leave the Cloud at any time, a Cloud service provider (CSP) should be able to make accurate decisions for scaling up or down its data-centers while taking into account several utility criteria, e.g., the delay of virtual resources setup, the migration of existing processes, the resource utilization, etc. In order to satisfy both parties (the CSP and the end-users), an efficient and dynamic resource allocation strategy is mandatory. In this paper, we propose an original approach for dynamic resource allocation in a Cloud environment. Our proposal considers computing job requests that are characterized by their arrival and teardown times, as well as a predictive profile of their computing requirements during their activity period. Assuming a prior knowledge of the predicted computing resources required by end-users, we propose and investigate several algorithms with different optimization criteria. However, prediction errors may occur resulting in some cases in the drop of one or several computing requests. Our proposed algorithms are compared in terms of various performance parameters including the rejection ratio, the dropping ratio, as well as the satisfaction of the endusers and the CSP.
Modulation of Pluripotency in the Porcine Embryo and iPS Cells

The establishment of the pluripotent ICM during early mammalian development is characterized by the differential expression of the transcription factors NANOG and GATA4/6, indicative of the epiblast and hypoblast, respectively. Differences in the mechanisms regulating the segregation of these lineages have been reported in many species, however little is known about this process in the porcine embryo. The aim of this study was to investigate the signalling pathways participating in the formation of the porcine ICM, and to establish whether their modulation can be used to increase the developmental potential of pluripotent cells. We show that blocking MEK signalling enhances the proportion of NANOG expressing cells in the ICM, but does not prevent the segregation of GATA-4 cells. Interestingly, inhibition of FGF signalling does not alter the segregation of NANOG and GATA-4 cells, but affects the number of ICM cells. This indicates that FGF signalling participates in the formation of the founders of the ICM. Inhibition of MEK signalling combined with GSK3β inhibition and LIF supplementation was used to modulate pluripotency in porcine iPS (piPS) cells. We demonstrate that under these stringent culture conditions piPS cells acquire features of naive pluripotency, characterized by the expression of STELLA and REX1, and increased in vitro germline differentiation capacity. We propose that small molecule inhibitors can be used to increase the homogeneity of induced pluripotent stem cell cultures. These improved culture conditions will pave the way for the generation of germline competent stem cells in this species.
A global convergence proof of cyclic Jacobi methods with block rotations

This paper introduces a globally convergent block (column– and row–) cyclic Jacobi method for diagonalization of Hermitian matrices and for computation of the singular value decomposition of general matrices. It is shown that a block rotation (generalization of the Jacobi’s 2× 2 rotation) must be computed and implemented in a particular way to guarantee global convergence. This solves a long standing open problem of convergence of block cyclic Jacobi methods. The proof includes the convergence of the eigenspaces in the general case of multiple eigenvalues.
Using Neural Networks to Generate Inferential Roles for Natural Language

Neural networks have long been used to study linguistic phenomena spanning the domains of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. Of these domains, semantics is somewhat unique in that there is little clarity concerning what a model needs to be able to do in order to provide an account of how the meanings of complex linguistic expressions, such as sentences, are understood. We argue that one thing such models need to be able to do is generate predictions about which further sentences are likely to follow from a given sentence; these define the sentence's “inferential role. ” We then show that it is possible to train a tree-structured neural network model to generate very simple examples of such inferential roles using the recently released Stanford Natural Language Inference (SNLI) dataset. On an empirical front, we evaluate the performance of this model by reporting entailment prediction accuracies on a set of test sentences not present in the training data. We also report the results of a simple study that compares human plausibility ratings for both human-generated and model-generated entailments for a random selection of sentences in this test set. On a more theoretical front, we argue in favor of a revision to some common assumptions about semantics: understanding a linguistic expression is not only a matter of mapping it onto a representation that somehow constitutes its meaning; rather, understanding a linguistic expression is mainly a matter of being able to draw certain inferences. Inference should accordingly be at the core of any model of semantic cognition.
Differences in TCR-Vβ Repertoire and Effector Phenotype between Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Increase with Age

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) reflect the host's anti-tumor immune response, and can be a valuable predictor of prognosis. However, many properties of TIL are not fully understood. In the present study, TCR-Vβ repertoires of cancer patients were primarily analyzed by flow cytometry. Abnormally expressed TCR-Vβ subfamilies were generally found in both TIL and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of each patient. Of note, increased patient age was associated with increasingly biased TCR-Vβ repertoire in TIL but not in PBL, and the dispersion degree of the differences of TCR-Vβ subfamilies between TIL and PBL correlated positively with age (P = 0.007). Utilizing immunoscope analysis, we identified the age-related reduction in TCR-Vβ diversity, but polyclonal pattern was predominant in significantly expanded TCR-Vβ subfamilies. In addition, we found that older patients possessed a decreased ratio of CD8+CD62L+ non-effector cells in TIL compared to PBL, implying age-related increase of CD8+CD62L− effector cells in TIL. The colocalization analysis of CD8 and CD3, however, suggested the suppressed activity of these effector cells in tumor microenvironment. These findings further elucidate the properties of TIL, showing an increasing difference between TIL and PBL with age, which may provide insight for the development of effective immunotherapies for cancer patients of different ages.
Expression of c-fos, Tyrosine Hydroxylase, and Neuropeptide mRNA in the Rat Brain around Birth: Effects of Hypoxia and Hypothermia

ABSTRACT: Arousal at birth is likely to be accompanied by changes in gene expression patterns in the brain. We analyzed the expression levels of genes that may be involved in neonatal adaptation. We have also tried to dissect the effect of hypoxia and hypothermia, two components that may play a role in gene expression at birth. Therefore, we analyzed the expression patterns of the c-fos, tyrosine hydroxylase, enkephalin, preprotachykinin-A, and neuropeptide Y genes in various brain regions of rat pups at various time points after cesarean section under normal conditions and after exposure to hypoxia and hypothermia. We found that c-fos RNA was up-regulated transiently after birth in neocortex, mid-brain, and pons-medulla with a maximum of 30 min after cesarean section, and that this transient increase was not further augmented by hypoxia and hypothermia. The expression patterns of the other genes were not significantly altered, with the exception of a very slight increase in tyrosine hydroxylase RNA levels. We discuss tentative mechanisms for the transient increase in c-fos expression and the possible involvement of catecholamines in this process.
The Nup155-mediated organisation of inner nuclear membrane proteins is independent of Nup155 anchoring to the metazoan nuclear pore complex

Summary The nuclear envelope (NE), an important barrier between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, is composed of three structures: the outer nuclear membrane, which is continuous with the ER, the inner nuclear membrane (INM), which interfaces with chromatin, and nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which are essential for the exchange of macromolecules between the two compartments. The NPC protein Nup155 has an evolutionarily conserved role in the metazoan NE formation; but the in vivo analysis of Nup155 has been severely hampered by the essential function of this protein in cell viability. Here, we take advantage of the hypomorphicity of RNAi systems and use a combination of protein binding and rescue assays to map the interaction sites of two neighbouring NPC proteins Nup93 and Nup53 on Nup155, and to define the requirements of these interactions in INM protein organization. We show that different parts of Drosophila Nup155 have distinct functions: the Nup155 &bgr;-propeller anchors the protein to the NPC, whereas the &agr;-solenoid part of Nup155 is essential for the correct localisation of INM proteins lamin-B receptor (LBR) and otefin. Using chromatin extracts from semi-synchronized cells, we also provide evidence that the Nup155 &agr;-solenoid has a chromatin-binding activity that is stronger at the end of mitosis. Our results argue that the role of Nup155 in INM protein localisation is not mediated through the NPC anchoring activity of the protein and suggest that regions other than Nup155 &bgr;-propeller are necessary for the targeting of proteins to the INM.
Impact of quinolone-resistance acquisition on biofilm production and fitness in Salmonella enterica.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential relationship between quinolone resistance and biofilm production in a collection of Salmonella enterica clinical isolates and in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium serial mutants with increasing resistance to ciprofloxacin. METHODS Nalidixic acid susceptibility and biofilm formation were assessed in a collection of 122 S. enterica clinical isolates. An in vitro quinolone-resistant mutant, 59-64, was obtained from a biofilm-producing and quinolone-susceptible clinical isolate, 59-wt, in a multistep selection process after increasing ciprofloxacin concentrations. The quinolone resistance mechanisms [target gene and multidrug resistance (MDR) regulatory mutations, MICs of several antibiotics, cell envelope protein analysis, real-time PCR and ciprofloxacin accumulation] were characterized for mutant strains. In addition, analysis of fitness, biofilm formation, rdar morphotype and expression of biofilm-related genes by real-time PCR were also determined. RESULTS Nalidixic acid-susceptible S. enterica strains were more prevalent in producing biofilm than the resistant counterparts. Strain 59-64 acquired five target gene mutations and showed an MDR phenotype. AcrAB and acrF overexpression were ruled out, whereas TolC did show increased expression in 59-64, which, in addition, accumulated less ciprofloxacin. Consistently, increased ramA expression was seen in 59-64 and attributed to a mutation within its promoter. Reduced biofilm production related to diminished csgB expression as well as reduced fitness was seen for 59-64, which was unable to form the rdar morphotype. CONCLUSIONS Quinolone resistance acquisition may be associated with decreased production of biofilm due to lower csgB expression. Efflux, biofilm production and fitness seem to be interrelated.
A Portable Immersive Surgery Training System Using RGB-D Sensors

Surgical training plays an important role in assisting residents to develop critical skills. Providing effective surgical training, however, remains as a challenging task. Existing videotaped training instructions can only show imagery from a fixed viewpoint that lacks both depth perception and interactivity. We present a new portable immersive surgical training system that is capable of acquiring and displaying high fidelity 3D reconstructions of actual surgical procedures. Our solution utilizes a set of Microsoft Kinect sensors to simultaneously recover the participants, the surgical environment, and the surgical scene itself. We then develop a space-time navigator to allow the trainees to witness and explore a prior procedure as if they were there. Preliminary feedback from residents shows that our system is much more effective than conventional videotaped system.
VeDi: A vehicular crowd-sourced video social network for VANETs

As one of the important members of Internet of Things (IoT), vehicles have seen steep advancement in communication technology.With the advent of Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs), vehicles now can evolve into social interactions to share safety, efficiency, and comfort related messages with other vehicles. In this paper, we study vehicular social network from Social Internet of Things (SIoT) perspective and propose VeDi, a vehicular crowd-sourced video social network for VANETs.When a user shares a video in the VeDi, it can be accessed by other surrounding vehicles. Any social interaction (e.g. view, comment, like) with the video on the roadway are stored in the social network cloud along with the video itself. In VeDi, every vehicle maintains a list of video related metadata (e.g. blur and shakiness) of available videos which are used to selectively retrieve quality videos by surrounding vehicles. We also present a method to determine representative quality scores for an entire video clip using blur and shakiness values. The prototype implementations and experimental results denote that the proposed system can be a viable option to create video social networks such as youtube, vine, and vimeo by employing vehicular crowd.
DTC two level and three level inverters of Induction Motor with speed control using Fuzzy Logic Controller

This paper is to present and to compare the DTC applied to an induction motor (IM) fed by two-level and three level inverters voltage. Direct torque control (DTC) of induction motors fed by a two level inverters has drawbacks like more torque, flux and current ripples in steady state. All these drawbacks can be overcome by DTC of induction motor fed by a three level inverters. Three level inverters has several advantages over the standard two-level, such as a greater number of levels in the output voltage waveforms, lower dV/dt, less harmonic distortion in voltage and current waveforms and lower switching frequencies. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller is proposed instead of a PI classic corrector to improve the speed performance of the drive. To demonstrate the great advantages of using a three-level inverters type NPC and a fuzzy logic controller of speed of induction motor, simulation results using Power System Blocset (PSB) of Matlab / Simulink are presented.
Distance, dependencies, and delay in a global collaboration

Collaborations over distance must contend with the loss of the rich, subtle interactions that co-located teams use to coordinate their work. Previous research has suggested that one consequence of this loss is that cross-site work will take longer than comparable single-site work. We use both survey data and data from the change management system to measure the extent of delay in a multi-site software development organization. We also measure site interdependence, differences in same-site and cross-site communication patterns, and analyze the relationship of these variables to delay. Our results show a significant relationship between delay in cross-site work and the degree to which remote colleagues are perceived to help out when workloads are heavy. This result is particularly troubling in light of the finding that workers generally believed they were as helpful to their remote colleagues as to their local colleagues. We discuss implications of our findings for collaboration technology for distributed organizations.
Application and evaluation of edge detection system employing the ADD

In order to detect and locate edge features precisely in real images we have developed an algorithm by introducing a nonlocal differentiation of intensity profiles called adaptive directional derivative (ADD), which is evaluated independently of varying ramp widths. In this paper, we first develop the edge detector system employing the ADD and then, the performance of the algorithm is illustrated by comparing the results to those from the Canny's edge detector.
The Political economy of forest use and management

Foreword - K R V Rao PART ONE: THE LOCAL VIS-A-VIS LARGER ECONOMY AND THE STATE - M V Nadkarni Introduction Pre-Commercial Stage Commercialisation -- Initial Stage, Nineteenth Century Forest Management, Local Impact and Protests -- Early Twentieth Century Dominance of Industrial Use Towards an Enlightened Stage? PART TWO: THE CLASS CHARACTER OF LOCAL ECONOMY AND ITS FOREST DEPENDENCE - M V Nadkarni with Syed Ajmal Pasha and S L Prabhakar Land Use and Abuse Arecanut Gardens and their Social Cost Livestock Economy and its Social Cost Forest Dependence -- A Total View PART THREE: CONCLUSION - M V Nadkarni
Teachers' Beliefs About English Language Learners in the Mainstream Classroom: A Review of the Literature

This literature review on teachers' beliefs about English language learners (ELLs) in mainstream classrooms is organized into three sections: (a) inservice teachers' existing beliefs, (b) predictors of inservice teachers' beliefs, and (c) the connection between inservice teachers' beliefs and practices. This body of literature points to a clear need for increased professional development for mainstream teachers because, currently, teacher education possesses a “poverty of language learning. ” According to the research included in this review, a relation exists between beliefs and practices in relation to teaching ELLs in mainstream classrooms. Certain factors, such as training in teaching ELLs, years of teaching experience, and exposure to language diversity, have been identified as predictors of mainstream teachers' beliefs about English to speakers of other languages students. It is important for teachers who hold deficit beliefs toward ELLs to adopt a new set of beliefs for successful inclusion of ELLs.
Notes on Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

These notes provide an introduction to the theory of hyperbolic systems of conservation laws in one space dimension. The various chapters cover the following topics: 1. Meaning of the conservation equations and definition of weak solutions. 2. Shocks, Rankine-Hugoniot equations and admissibility conditions. 3. Genuinely nonlinear and linearly degenerate characteristic fields. Solution to the Riemann problem. Wave interaction estimates. 4. Weak solutions to the Cauchy problem, with initial data having small total variation. Proof of global existence via front-tracking approximations. 5. Continuous dependence of solutions w.r. t. the initial data, in the L distance. 6. Uniqueness of entropy-admissible weak solutions. 7. Approximate solutions constructed by the Glimm scheme. 8. Vanishing viscosity approximations. 9. Counter-examples to global existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence of solutions, when some key hypotheses are removed. The survey is concluded with an Appendix, reviewing some basic analytical tools used in the previous chapters.
A hybrid system using multiple cyclic decomposition methods and neural network techniques for point forecast decision making

Data filtering methods are so much crucial to get good performance in time series forecasting. There are a few preprocessing methods (i.e. ARMA outputs as time domain filters, and Fourier transform or wavelet transform as time-frequency domain filters) for handling time series. In particular, the time-frequency domain filters describe the fractal structure of financial markets better than the time domain filters without frequency information. We study the issues of integrated methods of joint time frequency analysis and neural network techniques as the application of multi-cyclic decomposition methods to the neural networks for short-term point forecast decision making The issues include the appropriate selection of neural network model architecture, for example, what type of neural network learning architecture is selected and what input size should be selected for our time series forecasting. We analyze these problems in particular with recurrent neural network learning and embedding dimension as chaos analysis. This study is also applied to a case study of daily Korean won/U.S. dollar exchange returns. Finally we suggest an integration framework for future research from our experimental results.
CFAP157 is a murine downstream effector of FOXJ1 that is specifically required for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility

Motile cilia move extracellular fluids or mediate cellular motility. Their function is essential for embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis and reproduction throughout vertebrates. FOXJ1 is a key transcription factor for the formation of motile cilia but its downstream genetic programme is only partially understood. Here, we characterise a novel FOXJ1 target, Cfap157, that is specifically expressed in motile ciliated tissues in mouse and Xenopus in a FOXJ1-dependent manner. CFAP157 protein localises to basal bodies and interacts with tubulin and the centrosomal protein CEP350. Cfap157 knockout mice appear normal but homozygous males are infertile. Spermatozoa display impaired motility and a novel phenotype: Cfap157-deficient sperm exhibit axonemal loops, supernumerary axonemal profiles with ectopic accessory structures, excess cytoplasm and clustered mitochondria in the midpiece regions, and defective axonemes along the flagella. Our study thus demonstrates an essential sperm-specific function for CFAP157 and suggests that this novel FOXJ1 effector is part of a mechanism that acts during spermiogenesis to suppress the formation of supernumerary axonemes and ensures a correct ultrastructure. Summary: Loss of Cfap157, a novel target of FOXJ1 in cells carrying motile cilia, causes the formation of supernumerary and abnormal axonemes in mouse sperm and leads to male infertility.
Expectancies for social contingency in 2‐month‐olds

In a classic report, Murray and Trevarthen (Emotional regulation of interaction between two-month-olds and their mothers. In T. Field & N. Fox (Eds), Social perception in infants (pp. 101–125). Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1985) suggested that 6- to 12-week-olds were sensitive to contingency in maternal stimulation because they became upset during the replay of their mothers’ behavior during an initial period of live interaction over closed circuit TV. However, a number of concerns were raised about the procedure and it was argued that infants may simply have become increasingly fussy over time. To clarify this very important issue, we adopted a three-condition design (live–replay–live) and modified Murray and Trevarthen’s procedure by inserting a seamless shift from the initially live interaction period to a replay period of good maternal behavior. This was followed by a seamless shift back to a subsequent live interaction. Two-month-old smiling and gaze decreased while frowning and mouth closures increased during the replay period relative to the initial live interaction period, replicating Murray and Trevarthen’s results. Fussiness over time did not account for these results because seven of the ten babies increased their positive behaviors and decreased negative behaviors during the second live interaction period, and there was a significant increase in their visual attention to their mothers, thus suggesting a renewed interest in the previously noncontingent partner.