Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with imaging and procedural events used to detect breast cancer after screening mammography.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the type and frequency of diagnostic evaluations after screening mammography and to summarize their association with the likelihood of biopsy and subsequent breast cancer diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data source was 584,470 women with no previous breast cancer from six states in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. In this observational study, we linked data from 1,207,631 routine screening mammograms performed between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2002, to data on additional imaging, interventional procedures, and biopsy outcome (benign or malignant). Additional examinations were categorized into diagnostic mammography, sonography, or both. Events were further subdivided by whether they were performed on the same day as the screening examination and whether patients reported breast symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between additional evaluation performed and the likelihood of biopsy and the likelihood of subsequent breast cancer diagnosis after adjustment for patient and screening mammographic characteristics. RESULTS Most (92%) of the screening examinations did not include additional imaging. The probability of biopsy ranged from 0.4% for examinations with no follow-up to 20.1% for those with diagnostic mammography and sonography on the same day as screening among women without symptoms and from 2.1% for those with no follow-up to 18.9% for those with diagnostic mammography and sonography on a day different from screening among women with symptoms. Thirty percent of women without symptoms who underwent biopsy had cancer, whereas 27.1% of women with symptoms who underwent biopsy had cancer. Women who underwent biopsy after screening mammography with diagnostic mammography and sonography on the same day had the highest probability of breast cancer (37.6% among women without symptoms, 36.4% among women with symptoms), whereas those who underwent only sonography performed at a later date had the lowest probability of breast cancer (11.9% among women without symptoms, 17.1% among women with symptoms). CONCLUSION Women who undergo screening mammography followed by diagnostic mammography and sonography have a high probability of undergoing biopsy and having the biopsy result of breast cancer when follow-up imaging is performed on the same day as screening mammography whether or not breast symptoms are present. Biopsy performed after sonography in the absence of diagnostic mammography had a low yield of breast cancer.
Human Papillomavirus Infection in Honduran Women With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia or Cervical Cancer

Objectives. The aims of this study were to investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in women with cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer (CC) in Honduras and to identify epidemiological cofactors that contribute to the development of CC. Methods. Among the 289 patients analyzed, 139 had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 60 had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and 90 had CC. Results. The HPV DNA was detected in 113 women (81%) with LSIL, in 58 women (97%) with HSIL, and in 84 women (93%) with CC. Twenty-five HPV genotypes were found. Human papillomavirus type 16 was detected in 41% of women with CC, in 35% of women with HSIL, and in 24% of women with LSIL. Human papillomavirus type 18 was found in 9% of women with CC, in 4% of women with HSIL, and 5% of women with LSIL. Conclusion. Therefore, implementation of the prophylactic vaccines against HPV genotypes 16 and 18 has the potential of preventing at least a quarter of LSIL, one third of HSIL, and about half of CC cases in Honduras.
Effects of poststroke pyrexia on stroke outcome : a meta-analysis of studies in patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The effect of pyrexia on cerebral ischemia has been extensively studied in animals. In humans, however, such studies are small and the results conflicting. We undertook a meta-analysis using all such published studies on the effect of hyperthermia on stroke outcome. METHODS Three databases were searched for all published studies that examined the relationship of raised temperature after stroke onset and eventual outcome. Combined probability values and odds ratios were obtained. A heterogeneity test was performed to ensure that the data were suitable for such an analysis. Morbidity and mortality were used as outcome measures. RESULTS Nine studies were identified totaling 3790 patients, providing our study with 99% power to detect a 9% increase in morbidity and 84% power to detect a 1% increase in mortality for the pyrexial group. The combined odds ratio for mortality was 1.19 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.43). A heterogeneity test was highly nonsignificant (P>0.05) for mortality, suggesting that the data were sufficiently similar to be meta-analyzed. Combined probability values were highly significant for both morbidity (P<0.0001) and mortality (P<0. 00000001). CONCLUSIONS The results from this meta-analysis suggest that pyrexia after stroke onset is associated with a marked increase in morbidity and mortality. Measures should be taken to combat fever in the clinical setting to prevent stroke progression. The possible benefit of therapeutic hypothermia in the management of acute stroke should be further investigated.
Invasive Thyroid Angiosarcoma With a Favorable Outcome

Introduction: Thyroid angiosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm, which usually shows local aggressive behavior and associated with a high recurrence rate. It was originally described in the Alpine region and extremely rare in other parts of the world. Case Presentation: An asymptomatic 61-year-old woman presented with a right lobe thyroid nodule with fine needle aspiration cytology indicating “suspicious for malignancy” was reported in our study. Histological examination revealed a vascular 35mm neoplasm with areas of necrosis. Immunohistochemistry staining had negative results for MNF, CAM5.2, CD34, thyroglobulin, and positive for CD31. The findings described were compatible with angiosarcoma diagnosis. Besides, a 4mm papillary microcarcinoma was found in the left lobe. Computerized tomography (CT) scan performed about two months after the operation, showed a right neck nodular lesion, conditioning tracheal deviation. At our institution, the study performed was consistent with local recurrence (angiosarcoma). Tumor excision was performed and invasion to larynx, trachea and esophagus was detected intraoperatively. Histopathologic examination confirmed tumor recurrence and the patient was submitted to radiotherapy (60 Gy), completed four years ago. There is not, so far, any evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions: We described a rare case of a usually aggressive thyroid angiosarcoma in a patient living in a non-Alpine region, with an unusual favorable outcome after the operation and radiotherapy.
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 protects against acute myeloid leukemia by suppressing the myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene

An abnormal expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has been described in many tumors. PARP-1 promotes tumorigenesis and cancer progression by acting on different molecular pathways. PARP-1 inhibitors can be used with radiotherapy or chemotherapy to enhance the susceptibility of tumor cells to the treatment. However, the specific mechanism of PARP-1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unknown. Our study showed that expression of PARP-1 was upregulated in AML patients. PARP-1 inhibition slowed AML cell proliferation, arrested the cell cycle, induced apoptosis in vitro and improved AML prognosis in vivo. Mechanistically, microarray assay of AML cells with loss of PARP-1 function revealed that the myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL) was significantly downregulated. In human AML samples, MPL expression was increased, and gain-of-function and loss-of-function analysis demonstrated that MPL promoted cell growth. Moreover, PARP-1 and MPL expression were positively correlated in AML samples, and their overexpression was associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, PARP-1 and MPL consistently acted on Akt and ERK1/2 pathways, and the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic function observed with PARP-1 inhibition were reversed in part via MPL activation upon thrombopoietin stimulation or gene overexpression. These data highlight the important function of PARP-1 in the progression of AML, which suggest PARP-1 as a potential target for AML treatment.
Combination of Ethanolic Extract of Citrus aurantifolia Peels with Doxorubicin Modulate Cell Cycle and Increase Apoptosis Induction on MCF-7 Cells

New approach of breast cancer therapy is developed toward combination therapy with agents that have a specific molecular target. Our previous study showed that Citrus aurantifolia lime peels ethanolic extract (CPE) increased the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells againts doxorubicin. This study aims to observe the mechanism of combination CPE and doxorubicin in cell cycle modulation and apoptosis on MCF-7 cells. The assays were performed in the study were cell cycle assay, apoptosis induction, and immunocytochemistry of MCF-7 cells.The effect on the modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis were observed by flowcytometry assay in both single dose of CPE and its combination with Doxorubicin. Cell cycle distribution were observed with flowcytometer FACS-Calibur and its data was analyzed by Cell Quest program. Apoptotic induction in MCF-7 cells was examined using acrydine orange-ethidium bromide (AO-EtBr) double staining. Immunocytochemistry assay was done to observe the expression of apoptotic regulation protein p53 and Bcl-2. The result showed that CPE 6 μg/mL induced apoptosis and cell accumulation at G1 phase, while CPE 15 μg/mL induced apoptosis and cell accumulation at G2/M phase. The combination of doxorubicin 200 nM with CPE 6 μg/mL increased apoptosis induction than their single treatment, and cell accumulation at G2/M phase. Evidence of apoptosis and protein expression of p53 and Bcl-2 indicated that both single applications and combinations of CPE and doxorubicin are able to increase apoptotic bodies of MCF-7 cells by increasing the proteins expression. This result suggested that CPE could perform as co-chemotherapeutic agent with doxorubicin on breast cancer cells.
The contribution of key hydrophobic residues in ecotin to enzyme-inhibitor complex stability

The Escherichia coli protease inhibitor ecotin is believed to be implicated in the evasion of host defenses during infection. The protein has also attracted attention as a scaffold for the design of novel, specific protease inhibitors. Ecotin interacts with its targets through two sites. Key hydrophobic residues in both sites (Leu-64, Trp-67, Tyr-69, Met-84, and Met-85) were mutated to alanine and the effects on the inhibition of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase were assessed. Each of these mutant ecotin proteins tested in kinetic assays with these enzymes exerted less inhibitory potency compared to wild-type ecotin. However, these effects were relatively small and not additive.
Investigation of Key Genes associated with Prostate Cancer using RNA-Seq Data

We aimed to identify key genes associated with prostate cancer using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data. RNA-seq data, including 1 cancer sample and 1 adjacent normal sample, were downloaded from the NCBI SRA database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the software Cufflinks. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to uncover the biological functions of DEGs. Regulatory information was retrieved from the IPA database and a network was established. A total of 147 DEGs were obtained, including 96 downregulated and 51 upregulated DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis suggested that metabolism and signal transduction were the 2 major functions that were significantly influenced. Moreover, an interaction network was built. In conclusion, a number of DEGs was identified and their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer were supported by previous studies. More studies are necessary to further validate their usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and behavior among urban youths in Zambia

This exploratory study examines AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and behavior among 89 youths residing in Lusaka, Zambia. The results show that AIDS is a well-known disease in the lives of the participants. and suggest that Zambian youths who live in a major urban area tend to be knowledgeable about AIDS and hold positive attitudes towards prevention. The main behavior that puts Zambian young adults at risk is sexual intercourse.
Ternary Semantic Analysis of Social Tags for Personalized Music Recommendation

Social tagging is the process by which many users add metadata in the form of keywords, to annotate information items. In case of music, the annotated items can be songs, artists, albums. Current music recommenders which employ social tagging to improve the music recommendation, fail to always provide appropriate item recommendations, because: (i) users may have different interests for a musical item, and (ii) musical items may have multiple facets. In this paper, we propose an approach that tackles the problem of the multimodal use of music. We develop a unified framework, represented by a 3-order tensor, to model altogether users, tags, and items. Then, we recommend musical items according to users multimodal perception of music, by performing latent semantic analysis and dimensionality reduction using the Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition technique. We experimentally evaluate the proposed method against two state-of-the-art recommendations algorithms using real Last.fm data. Our results show significant improvements in terms of effectiveness measured through recall/precision.
Postembryonic Development of the Olfactory and Vomeronasal Organs in the Frog Rana chensinensis

Abstract We studied by light microscopy the histological development of the olfactory and vomeronasal organ in tadpoles of the Chinese forest frog, Rana chensinensis, from postembryonic periods to the end of metamorphosis. Unlike Bufo americanus, the olfactory epithelium in larval R. chensinensis is not divided into dorsal and ventral branches in the rostral and mid-nasal regions. The olfactory epithelium in the dorsal portion of the buccal cavity in larval R. chensinensis may correspond to the ventral olfactory epithelium of Bufo, which has been argued to provide a chemosensory function in the tadpoles analogous to the role of taste buds in adults. Bowman's glands were present in the olfactory epithelium of R. chensinensis only after the appearance of the forelimbs during metamorphosis. The appearance of Bowman's glands in the olfactory epithelium at this time suggests that the nose first begins to detect odorants in the air, and this is thus also a metamorphic event. The vomeronasal epithelium appeared a little earlier than the vomeronasal gland in R. chensinensis, unlike in toads (bufonids). This study supports Eisthen's hypothesis that the most recent common ancestor to the tetrapods was aquatic and once had a vomeronasal organ, and that this has been lost in various evolutionary lineages.
Cellulase Activity Screening Using Pure Carboxymethylcellulose: Application to Soluble Cellulolytic Samples and to Plant Tissue Prints

Reliable, rapid and inexpensive detection of cellulolytic enzymes that can be used for a wide variety of biological and environmental samples are currently in high demand. Here, a new cellulase detection protocol is described that circumvents problems observed with popular agar-based methods by exploiting the ability of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to form gel-like surfaces on its own. These pure CMC-layers are sensitive to cellulolytic degradation and stainable by Gram’s iodine without showing unwelcome reactions with other enzymes. The staining intensity negatively correlates with the enzyme activity and can be used for quantification. Cellulase activities are not obstructed by high sugar contents (e.g., in plant material) which limit the applicability of other quantification methods, making our new method particularly attractive for screening of plant extracts. A useful variant of this new method is its applicability to plant tissue prints for spatial mapping of the cellulolytic activity in a zymogram-like fashion.
Dosimetry of Atomic Bomb Radiation in Hiroshima by Thermoluminescence of Roof Tiles

Thermoluminescence dosimetry is a powerful tool for obtaining the distribution of gamma dose, heretofore unknown, from the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Roof tiles irradiated by the bombs show intense thermoluminescence, and the radiation dose for samples irradiated below 100 r by the bomb can be measured by this method.
“They’re Different From Who I Am”: Making Relevant Identities in the Middle Through Talk-in-Interaction

This qualitative study builds on earlier research on language and identity by focusing on how Canadian Generation 1.5 university students enact their identities through talk-in-interaction. Drawing on (applied) Conversational Analysis (CA) to analyze critically the production and management of social institutions in talkin-interaction in tandem with Membership Categorization Analysis (MCA) to examine the cultural resources individuals draw on to describe, identify, or make reference to other people and themselves, I undertake a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of data from semistructured interviews with four Generation 1.5 students conducted in a large, public, English-medium university in British Columbia. Rather than approaching the interview as a neutral technology that seeks to discover “truths,” I theorize the interviews as meaning-making ventures in themselves, adopting a reflexive orientation that recognizes that data are situated representations co-constructed through interaction with the interviewer. The study reports on how these students, in response to the interactionally occasioned constraints “inhabiting” our talk, produced identities that aligned with select “scholarly representations” from the applied linguistics literature that casts Generation 1.5 students in the middle. The study reveals how identity, power, and social issues are produced and managed in talk-in-interaction and how insights from M/CA might address matters of social justice in educational contexts. Cette etude qualitative s’appuie sur des recherches anterieures sur la langue et l’identite pour etudier la facon dont les etudiants universitaires de la generation 1,5 (G 1,5) creent leurs identites par la parole-en-interaction. J’ai puise dans l’analyse conversationnelle appliquee pour analyser la production et la gestion de la parole-en-interaction d’institutions sociales, ainsi que dans l’analyse des categorisations d’appartenance pour examiner les ressources culturelles auxquelles se referent les gens pour se decrire, s’identifier ou parler d’eux-memes, et pour decrire, identifier ou evoquer les autres. J’ai entrepris une analyse critique du discours a partir de donnees provenant d’entrevues semi-structurees aupres de quatre etudiants (G 1,5) dans une grande universite publique et anglophone en Colombie britannique. Plutot que d’aborder l’entrevue comme une technologie neutre qui cherche a decouvrir des « verites », j’adopte une orientation introspective reconnaissant que les donnees sont des representations qui se construisent par l’interaction avec l’intervieweur et je propose que l’entrevue est une demarche qui donne un sens en soi. L’etude explique comment les etudiants reagissent aux
Temporal Isolation in Real-Time Systems (cid:63) The VBS Approach

Temporal isolation in real-time systems allows the execution of software processes isolated from one another in the temporal domain. Intuitively, the execution of a process is temporally isolated if the real-time behavior of the process is independent of the execution of the other concurrently scheduled processes in the system. The article provides a comprehensive discussion of temporal isolation through variable-bandwidth servers (VBSs). VBS consists of an EDF-based unipro-cessor scheduling algorithm and a utilization-based sched-ulability test. The scheduling algorithm runs in constant time modulo the time complexity of queue management. The schedulability test runs in time linear in the number of processes and enables admission of an individual process in constant time. The test is a suﬃcient condition for VBS to provide temporal isolation through lower and upper response-time bounds on processes. We present the VBS design, implementation, proofs, and experiments, followed by condensed versions of results on scheduler overhead accounting with VBS and on reducing power consumption in VBS systems.
Data vulnerability detection by security testing for Android applications

The Android intent messaging is a mechanism that ties components together to build Mobile applications. Intents are kinds of messages composed of actions and data, sent by a component to another component to perform several operations, e.g., launching a user interface. The intent mechanism eases the writing of Mobile applications, but it might also be used as an entry point for security attacks. The latter can be easily sent with intents to components, that can indirectly forward attacks to other components and so on. In this context, this paper proposes a Model-based security testing approach to attempt to detect data vulnerabilities in Android applications. In other words, this approach generates test cases to check whether components are vulnerable to attacks, sent through intents, that expose personal data. Our method takes Android applications and intent-based vulnerabilities formally expressed with models called vulnerability patterns. Then, and this is the originality of our approach, partial specifications are automatically generated from configuration files and component codes. Test cases are then automatically generated from vulnerability patterns and the previous specifications. A tool, called APSET, is presented and evaluated with experimentations on some Android applications.
Testing the Level of Social Desirability During Job Interview on White-Collar Profession

Social desirability as a tendency to present oneself in a better light rather than in a truthful manner is common feature presented during job interviews. Previous studies mainly focused on blue-collar professions and therefore authors researched contrary set of white-collar professions in three sub-studies with four different participant groups (legal professions; police officers; controls and university students influenced by scenarios; overall N = 636). It was hypothesized that candidates for legal profession would show similar tendency toward social desirability, when compared with controls. Furthermore, police officers were hypothesized to show similar levels of social desirability as legal professions. Lastly, participants in the instruction manipulation condition were hypothesized to show increased levels of social desirability in tender situation as compared to the honest situation. All groups were tested with balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR, Paulhus, 1984). Statistical analyses revealed statistically significant differences for both subscales of BIDR when comparing legal professions and control group. Similarly, increased levels of social desirability were detected in police officer candidates as well as in university students in the tender situation compared with students in the honest situation. The overall results indicated that it is typical for white-collar candidates to adapt to the testing situation and it cannot be expected to see different behavior from legal profession candidates as was originally expected.