Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responding to Cultural and Linguistic Differences in the Beliefs and Practices of Families with Young Children.

S ophanara stands in the does well. Sophanara's mother lis­ beliefs and the sometimes s"btle nu­ doorway holding her tens to Miss Miller but doesn't un­ ances that distinguish beliefs and mother's hand. They are derstand what the teacher is saying. practices acrotis cultural groups in next in line to enter the Head Start After a moment's hesitation, she the United States. In this review we classroom. Sophanara has watched nods and brings Sophanara into this provide illustrations of the ways in other 4-year-olds enter the room new world with her. which cultural differences in par­ o with their mothers or fathers. But ents' beliefs and practices may affect she hesitates. Miss Miller, the OJ children's adjustment to early child­ teacher, smiles and says hello. In the United States in 1995, an esti­ hood settings, 811d suggestiuns for Sophanara looks down at her shoes. mated 60 percent of the young chil­ working with young children who She doesn't und~rstand what Miss dren (birth to 5 years) who were not bridge two cultures as they transi­ Miller is saying. Sophanara's parents yet in school spent some time each tion between hatne and the early are lrom Cambodia. Although her week in early childhood education childhood classroom. lather has learned a little English and care programs (West, Wright, & where he works, no one speaks En­ Hausken 1995). These young chil­ glish at home. dren reflect the great racial, ethnic, Cultural values, beliefs, Miss Miller invites Sophanara's and cultural diversity 01 our society. and socialization goals mother to come into the classroom They are members of families that and geotures her welcome with her speak languages other than English, All parents have some goals and ex­ hands. Her mother has had very families that have social customs pectations for their children. Differ­ little experience witl1 people outside different from those of the main­ ences in pal'ental goals and expecta­ of the Cambodian community. Al­ stream culture, and families that tions arise in part because parents though she had only two years of hold different beliefs about child have children for different reasons formal'schooling in Cambodia, she development and different expec­ (Hoffman 1988) and because societ­ believes that education is import.mt tations for their children. ies have different expectations for for her daughter. She expects the W11at are the implications of this the members of their communities school to do what is best and be­ diversity for teachers of early child­ (LeVine 1988). For example, in many lieves that the school is responsible hood classrooms? It is impossible Western societies, including Euro­ for making sure that her daughter here to cover all of the variations in pean American traditions in the
Notice of RetractionParallel Particle Swarm Optimization Based on PAM

PAM (Partitioning Around Medoids) was one of the first k-medoids algorithms. It attempts to determine k partitions for n objects. In the parallel particle swarm optimization, the number of particle is generally not too much. Therefore, PAM is used to divide the swarm is a best choises. This can make not only the location of particles within the same sub-swarm be in the relative concentrative, but also the particles be relatively easy to learn. Since the limited time will be spent on the most effective search, therefore, the search efficiency can also be significantly improved. The parallel algorithms are improved according to the characteristics of them. Only in certain conditions are communications carried on, so that ineffective communications can be avoided to reduce the time spent for them. The Simulation results confirm that the algorithms have a high convergence speed and convergence accuracy.
Attractors in residual interactions explain the differentially-conserved stability of Immunoglobulins

Proteins belonging to immunoglobulin superfamily(IgSF) show remarkably conserved nature both in their folded structure and in their folding process, but they neither originate from very similar sequences nor demonstrate functional conservation. Treating proteins as fractal objects, without studying spatial conservation in positioning of particular residues in IgSF, this work probed the roots structural invariance of immunoglobulins(Ig). Symmetry in distribution of mass, hydrophobicity, polarizability recorded very similar extents in Ig and in structurally-closest non-Ig structures. They registered similar symmetries in dipole-dipole, {\pi}-{\pi}, cation-{\pi} cloud interactions and also in distribution of active chiral centers, charged residues and hydrophobic residues. But in contrast to non-Ig proteins, extents of residual interaction symmetries in Ig.s of largely varying sizes are found to converge to exactly same magnitude of correlation dimension - these are named 'structural attractors', who's weightages depend on ensuring exact convergence of pairwise-interaction symmetries to attractor magnitude. Small basin of attraction for Ig attractors explained the strict and consistent quality control in ensuring stability and functionality of IgSF proteins. Low dependency of attractor weightage on attractor magnitude demonstrated that residual-interaction symmetry with less pervasive nature can also be crucial in ensuring Ig stability.
The Dengue risk transmission during the FIFA 2014 World Cup

ABSTRACT: Dengue is a persistent threat to Brazilians. The twentieth FIFA World Cup will take place in Brazil in June and July this year. This paper warning that Dengue fever could be not a significant problem in competition locations. Temperature is a very strong predictor of suitability for Dengue and it seems evident that relative humidity measurements are less satisfactory in biological (ecological, entomological or even in epidemiological studies) work as indicator of atmospheric factors influencing evaporation than are measurements of vapor pressure deficit. In fact, the vapour pressure deficit is a much more sensitive indicator of water vapor conditions of the atmosphere and undergoes greater variations for temperature changes than does the relative humidity. Further, relative humidity alone gives no indication of the rate of evaporation while the vapour pressure deficit alone does give an indication of the evaporation rates, then areas having the same vapour pressure deficit do influence evaporation rates in the same way whether temperature are identical or not. It is the reason why vapour pressure deficit was chosen in this study. Human and mosquito populations associated with precipitation are good predictors of Dengue in suitable places but don’t capture the whole picture. The determinants of Dengue virus transmission is composition of suitable climate, susceptible people and competent mosquitos virus interactions. For the 2014 World Cup twelve host cities the Dengue risk transmission will be not close to its peak when matches will be played, because this is a non epidemic period overall the brazilian territory. Despite the low risk – it always exists - the Brazilian authorities must communicate this fact and what protective measures FIFA World Cup fans should be take. In fact, the risk of an outbreak of dengue fever during the upcoming soccer World Cup in Brazil is not serious enough to warrant a high alert in the host cities, according to an early warning system for the disease.
The Effect of Marital Violence on Infertility Distress among A Sample of Turkish Women

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between marital violence and distress level among women with a diagnosis of infertility. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 139 married women diagnosed as primary infertile who applied to an in vitro fertilization (IVF) center in Turkey, between September and December 2009. A descriptive information questionnaire developed by the researcher was used for data collection. In addition, an infertility distress scale (IDS) for determining the severity effect of infertility and the scale for marital violence against women (SDVW) for determining level of marital violence against the women were used. Results: The total IDS score of the study sample was 37.76 ± 10.53. There was no significant relationship between the age and education level of the women and the total IDS score. The total IDS score was higher in women who did not work and those being treated for infertility for more than three years. The total SDVW score of the study sample was 67.0 ± 8.26. The total SDVW score was higher in women who had been trying to have a child for more than six years and had received infertility treatment for longer than three years. The employment status of the women and physical, emotional, and sexual violence scores had a statistically significant relationship with the IDS scores. The emotional violence score was found to have the highest significance among the variables affecting total IDS score. Conclusion: Marital violence is a factor increasing the distress of infertile women. Healthcare staff serving infertile couples should consider the possibility of domestic violence against women as a factor affecting the psychological infertility distress level.
General-purpose simd within a register: parallel processing on consumer microprocessors

Recent extensions to microprocessor instruction sets are intended to speed-up multimedia algorithms by allowing SIMD parallel processing over multiple data fields within each processor register. These extensions, while effectively supporting hand-coding of some multimedia tasks, do not directly support a high-level parallel programming model. Unfortunately, the extensions vary widely across different processor families, making portability difficult to achieve. Even within one set of extensions, each operation is supported only for certain field widths, and the widths supported are different for different operations. This thesis will define a general-purpose SWAR (SIMD Within A Register) programming model. This model will be implemented for multiple target architectures: initially as compatible libraries, then as optimizing compilers accepting a simple high-level parallel language. The new SWAR libraries and compiler technology should enable a much wider range of applications to achieve speed-up through SIMD execution using COTS microprocessors.
Gene Organization and Transcriptional Analysis of the tprJ, tprI, tprG, and tprF Loci in Treponema pallidum Strains Nichols and Sea 81-4

ABSTRACT The tpr gene family of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, has recently become the focus of intensive investigation. TprF and TprI sequences are highly conserved among different isolates and are the targets of strong humoral and cellular immune responses of the host, and immunization with a recombinant peptide from the amino terminus of these antigens has been shown to alter significantly lesion development following homologous challenge. This indicates that these antigens are expressed during infection and strongly suggests a key functionality. tprF and tprI are located immediately downstream of the tprG and tprJ genes, respectively, separated by very short intergenic spacers (55 nucleotides for G-F and 56 nucleotides for J-I). Preliminary analysis using gene-specific primers failed to amplify tprJ in the Sea 81-4 isolate. In this study, sequence and transcriptional analysis of these loci showed a similar gene organization in the Nichols and Sea 81-4 strains, a complex pattern of transcription, and the presence of G homopolymeric repeats of variable lengths upstream of the tprF, tprI, tprG, and tprJ transcriptional start sites. However, distinctive features were also identified in the Sea 81-4 isolate, including a tprG-like open reading frame in the tprJ locus, a frameshift and a premature termination in the tprG coding sequence, a longer tprG-tprF intergenic spacer, and absence of cotranscription of the tprG-tprF genes.
Convergence speed in formation control of multi-agent systems - A robust control approach

In this work a robust design approach to improve the convergence speed in formation control of multi-agent systems by simultaneously shaping the control feedback law and the weights of the interconnection structure is proposed. The communication topology is assumed to be fixed and undirected. It is shown that for agents modeled as discrete-time double-integrators, convergence speed of the proposed method almost reaches the theoretical optimum. The convergence speed can be further increased if the feedback control law is allowed to be dynamic. Although the number of decision variables in this approach grows linearly with the size of the weighting matrix, the synthesis method is applied also to a more realistic linearized model of a quad-rotor helicopter, where the simulation results indicate that this approach is reasonable for a sufficiently large number of high-order agents.
Evaluation of the Normal Google Similarity Distance method for semantic word categorization

In this paper we evaluate the performance of the Normal Google Similarity Distance [3] method for classifying words in their proper category. We use the WordNet [4] database as an objective baseline against which to judge the performance of this method. Such as in [3], we conduct a massive trial with 100 experiments. However, in our case the used word categories are more speci c, such as genus and ballets. In our experiments we also decrease the size of the train set and increase the size of the test set. For the classi cation of the words we use various classi cation methods such as Isotronic regression, Gaussian Processes for regression without hyperparameter-tuning [6], Least Median Squared linear regression [7], Linear regression for prediction, Peace regression [10,11], and Support Vector Machine for regression [9,8]. These methods returned average acceptance of 73.37%, which is good result and not signi cantly di erent than results presented in [3].
Mechanical Behavior of Cells within a Cell-Based Model of Wheat Leaf Growth

Understanding the principles and mechanisms of cell growth coordination in plant tissue remains an outstanding challenge for modern developmental biology. Cell-based modeling is a widely used technique for studying the geometric and topological features of plant tissue morphology during growth. We developed a quasi-one-dimensional model of unidirectional growth of a tissue layer in a linear leaf blade that takes cell autonomous growth mode into account. The model allows for fitting of the visible cell length using the experimental cell length distribution along the longitudinal axis of a wheat leaf epidermis. Additionally, it describes changes in turgor and osmotic pressures for each cell in the growing tissue. Our numerical experiments show that the pressures in the cell change over the cell cycle, and in symplastically growing tissue, they vary from cell to cell and strongly depend on the leaf growing zone to which the cells belong. Therefore, we believe that the mechanical signals generated by pressures are important to consider in simulations of tissue growth as possible targets for molecular genetic regulators of individual cell growth.
SEMANTIC WEB-BASED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING BY AUTOMATED REQUIREMENTS ONTOLOGY GENERATION IN SOA

This paper presents an approach for automated generation of requirements ontology using UML diagrams in service-oriented architecture (SOA). The goal of this paper is to convenience progress of software engineering processes like software design, software reuse, service discovering and etc. The proposed method is based on a four conceptual layers. The first layer includes requirements achieved by stakeholders, the second one designs service-oriented diagrams from the data in first layer and extracts XMI codes of them. The third layer includes requirement ontology and protocol ontology to describe behavior of services and relationships between them semantically. Finally the forth layer makes standard the concepts exists in ontologies of previous layer. The generated ontology exceeds absolute domain ontology because it considers the behavior of services moreover the hierarchical relationship of them. Experimental results conducted on a set of UML4Soa diagrams in different scopes demonstrate the improvement of the proposed approach from different points of view such as: completeness of requirements ontology, automatic generation and considering SOA.
Weather response to management of a large wind turbine array

Electrical generation by wind turbines is increasing rapidly, and has been projected to satisfy 15% of world electric demand by 2030. The extensive installation of wind farms would alter surface roughness and significantly impact the atmospheric circulation, due to the additional surface roughness forcing. This forcing could be changed deliberately 5 by adjusting the attitude of the turbine blades with respect to the wind. Using a General Circulation Model (GCM), we represent a continent-scale wind farm as a distributed array of surface roughness elements. Here we show that initial disturbances caused by a step change in roughness grow within four and a half days such that the flow is altered at synoptic scales. The growth rate of the induced perturbations is largest in regions 10 of high atmospheric instability. For a roughness change imposed over North America, the induced perturbations involve substantial changes in the track and development of cyclones over the North Atlantic, and the magnitude of the perturbations rises above the level of forecast uncertainty.
LABDA at the 2016 BioASQ challenge task 4a: Semantic Indexing by using ElasticSearch

This paper describes the participation of LABDA team in the 2016 BioASQ Task 4a on large-scale online biomedical semantic indexing. Our approach is based on the use of the open source search engine ElasticSearch. Experimental results show that our approach achieves high recall while keeping processing time low. Although more work needs to be done to improve our results, we can conclude that ElasticSearch is a competitive and scalable system for indexing biomedical literature.
The 6-GHz multibeam maser survey-I. Techniques

A new 7-beam 6 7 GHz receiver has been built to survey the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds for newly forming high-mass stars that are pinpointed by strong methanol maser emission at 6668 MHz. The receiver was jointly constructed by Jodrell Bank Observatory (JBO) and the Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF) and allows simultaneous coverage at 6668 and 6035 MHz. It was successfully commissioned at Parkes in January 2006 and is now being used to conduct the Parkes-Jodrell multibeam maser survey of the Milky Way. This will be the first systematic survey of the entire Galactic plane for masers of not only 6668-MHz methanol, but also 6035-MHz excited-state hydroxyl. The survey is two orders of magnitude faster than most previous systematic surveys and has an rms noise level of �0.17Jy. This paper describes the observational strategy, techniques and reduction procedures of the Galactic and Magellanic Cloud surveys, together with deeper, pointed, follow-up observations and complementary observations with other instruments. It also includes an estimate of the survey detection efficiency. The 111 days of observationswith the Parkes telescope have so far yielded >800 methanol sources, of which �350 are new discoveries. The whole project will provide the first comprehensive Galaxy-wide catalogue of 6668-MHz and 6035-MHz masers.
Lexical Semantic Analysis in Natural Language Text EXTENDED

The central challenge in computational lexical semantics for text corpora is to develop and apply abstractions that characterize word meanings beyond what can be derived superficially from the orthography. Such abstractions can be found in type-level human-curated lexical resources such as WordNet (Fellbaum, 1998), but such intricate resources are expensive to build and difficult to annotate with at the token level, hindering their applicability beyond a narrow selection of languages and domains. For empirical study and real-world NLP applications in a wide range of text corpora, a more portable and scalable—yet still linguistically-grounded—way to represent lexical meanings is needed. This thesis formalizes a scheme for robust description and modeling of lexical expressions in text. This includes an annotation scheme that makes it practical for humans to rapidly specify lexical semantic units and classes at the token level, achieving broad coverage without any dependency on a lexicon or syntactic parse (which would hinder coverage in low-resource languages and domains). For each sentence, the scheme specifies (i) multiword expressions, resulting in a lexical semantic segmentation, and (ii) supersense classes for nouns, verbs, and prepositions. Each aspect of the scheme draws on previous work but is novel in important respects. The components are integrated in a formal representation that facilitates supervised learning and prediction with statistical sequence models. We apply the scheme in an empirical case study to informal English text (online reviews). This case study validates the descriptive approach and the manual annotation methodology, quantifies the effects of statistical modeling deci-
Covert Communication Techniques in the Digital World

The boom of covert communication coincides with the appearance and growth of the Internet. The rapid spread of computer networks and shift to digitization of media has created a very favourable environment for covert communication. In this paper, some Covert communication techniques have been described. Covert or secure communication includes methods such as cryptography, steganography and watermarking. The process, some commonly used algorithms and potential applications of each of these techniques have been discussed below. Finally, the proposed method integrates the concepts of cryptography and steganography for covert communication.
The Roles Of Green Perceived Value, Green Perceived Risk And Green Trust To Enhance Green Purchase Intentions

The purpose of this study is to develop a framework to explore the influences of green perceived value and green perceived risk on green purchase intentions and also to discuss the mediation role of green trust. This study applies four concepts that are green perceived value, green perceived risk, green trust and green purchase intentions. In addition, this research employs an empirical study by means of the questionnaire survey method to verify the hypotheses and to investigate its managerial implications. The empirical results show that green perceived value would positively affect green trust and green purchase intentions, while green perceived risk would negatively influence both of them. Besides, this study demonstrates that the relationships between green purchase intentions and their two antecedents which is green perceived value and green perceived risk that partially mediated by green trust. Hence, investing resources to increase green perceived value and to decrease green perceived risk is helpful to enhance green trust and green purchase intentions. This study summarizes the literature on green marketing and relationship marketing into a new managerial framework of green purchase intentions. It utilizes four novel constructs that are green perceived value, green perceived risk, green trust and green purchase intentions in order to develop a research framework to enhance green purchase intentions.