Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Conserved Swi2/Snf2 ATPase Motif Couples ATP Hydrolysis to Chromatin Remodeling

ABSTRACT Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) SWI/SNF is a prototype for a large family of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes that facilitate numerous DNA-mediated processes. Swi2/Snf2 is the catalytic subunit of SWI/SNF, and it is the founding member of a novel subfamily of the SF2 superfamily of DNA helicase/ATPases. Here we present a functional analysis of the diagnostic set of helicase/ATPase sequence motifs found within all Swi2p/Snf2p family members. Whereas many of these motifs play key roles in ATP binding and/or hydrolysis, we identify residues within conserved motif V that are specifically required to couple ATP hydrolysis to chromatin-remodeling activity. Interestingly, motif V of the human Swi2p/Snf2p homolog, Brg1p, has been shown to be a possible hot spot for mutational alterations associated with cancers.
Five Fatty Acyl-Coenzyme A Reductases Are Involved in the Biosynthesis of Primary Alcohols in Aegilops tauschii Leaves

The diploid Aegilops tauschii is the D-genome donor to hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) and represents a potential source for genetic study in common wheat. The ubiquitous wax covering the aerial parts of plants plays an important role in protecting plants against non-stomatal water loss. Cuticular waxes are complex mixtures of very-long-chain fatty acids, alkanes, primary and/or secondary alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, triterpenes, sterols, and flavonoids. In the present work, primary alcohols were identified as the major components of leaf cuticular wax in Ae. tauschii, with C26:0-OH being the dominant primary alcohol. Analysis by scanning electron microscope revealed that dense platelet-shaped wax crystals were deposited on leaf surfaces of Ae. tauschii. Ten putative wax biosynthetic genes encoding fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase (FAR) were identified in the genome of Ae. tauschii. Five of these genes, Ae.tFAR1, Ae.tFAR2, Ae.tFAR3, Ae.tFAR4, and Ae.tFAR6, were found expressed in the leaf blades. Heterologous expression of the five Ae.tFARs in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) showed that Ae.tFAR1, Ae.tFAR2, Ae.tFAR3, Ae.tFAR4, and Ae.tFAR6 were predominantly responsible for the accumulation of C16:0, C18:0, C26:0, C24:0, and C28:0 primary alcohols, respectively. In addition, nine Ae.tFAR paralogous genes were located on D chromosome of wheat and the wheat nullisomic–tetrasomic lines with the loss of Ae.tFAR3 and Ae.tFAR4 paralogous genes had significantly reduced levels of primary alcohols in the leaf blades. Collectively, these data suggest that Ae.tFAR1, Ae.tFAR2, Ae.tFAR3, Ae.tFAR4, and Ae.tFAR6 encode alcohol-forming FARs involved in the biosynthesis of primary alcohols in the leaf blades of Ae. tauschii. The information obtained in Ae. tauschii enables us to better understand wax biosynthesis in common wheat.
Efficiency improvement of an O-band SOI-MZI thermo-optic matrix switch

A low-power, broadband SOI 4×4 thermo-optic Benes switch is demonstrated in O-band using 2é2 MZI with integrated phase-shifter. The crosstalk improves to less than −22 dB over 50 nm with an efficient switching power of 21 mW by optimized tuning of the bias voltage.
Improving Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) Usability by Data Mining Users' Queries from Access Logs

This study describes and evaluates a technique for using clinicians' search preferences to reduce the time to query and select orders. A relational database was created to store user keystroke logs with the timing of each user activity. The most frequently selected orders associated with the popular query phrases were distilled from three months of data. The resulting table of popular queries and selected orders was incorporated into the order entry system so the most favored orders were placed at the top of the pick-list. A retrospective evaluation indicated the method significantly reduced orderable selection time (16.3% reduction for optimized queries using the method versus 5.7% for un-optimized queries).
The national framework for values education: implications for teacher research

In order for values education to become part and parcel of mainstream schooling, especially in public systems, the closest possible links need to be found between it and the world of teachers and schools. Teaching, once a profession whose systems focussed preponderantly on the more academically selective portion of the population, especially towards the top end where the more academically gifted set the practical benchmarks for goals, objectives and outcomes, is now a profession whose systems have to find the point of relevance for education of all comers because the social agency role of schooling has expanded beyond even the very lofty goals of its foundation advocates.
Resting arterial diameter and blood flow changes with resistance training and detraining in healthy young individuals.

CONTEXT Disruptions to habitual training routines are commonly due to injury or illness and can often lead to detraining adaptations. The implications of such adaptations to the human vasculature in a trained, asymptomatic population are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of local and systemic changes in arterial diameter and blood flow to resistance training and subsequent detraining in young adults. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING University physiology laboratory and fitness suite. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Twenty-one healthy volunteers (aged 20.0 ± 2.8 years, 11 men and 10 women). INTERVENTION(S) Eight-week lower limb resistance training period and subsequent 4-week detraining period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Quadriceps and hamstrings concentric torque (strength), resting heart rate, arterial diameter, and blood flow velocity in the superficial femoral and carotid arteries were measured at 0, 8, 10, and 12 weeks. RESULTS Resistance training increased quadriceps and hamstring strength (32% and 35%, respectively, P < .001), whereas strength decreased during detraining (24% and 27%, respectively, P < .05). Resting heart rate decreased after resistance training (16%, P < .01) and increased during detraining (19%, P < .001). Additionally, resistance training significantly increased superficial femoral and carotid resting arterial diameters (27% and 13%, respectively, P < .001) and mean blood flow (53% and 55%, respectively, P < .001). Detraining resulted in a significant decrease in superficial femoral and carotid resting diameter (46% and 10%, respectively, P < .001) and mean blood flow (61% and 38%, respectively, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Resistance training initiated both local and systemic changes to arterial diameter and blood flow; these changes appeared to reverse after detraining. The local changes in response to detraining showed a worsening (beyond pretraining values) of the vascular dimensional and blood flow characteristics.
Alteration in Cell Kinetics in Control B6C3F1 Mice Infected with Helicobacter hepaticus

The discovery of Helicobacter hepaticus infection, H. hepaticus hepatitis, and increased incidence of liver tumors in control males from several recent National Toxicology Program B6C3F, mouse carcinogenicity bioassays raised questions regarding the suitability of these bioassays for hazard identification. The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in cell proliferation and death at terminal sacrifice might be linked to the increased liver tumor incidences among control males. In control males, enhanced rates of hepatocyte proliferation, as assessed by immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and apoptosis, as assessed from hematoxylin and eosin- and TUNEL-stained preparations, were seen in 3 bioassays with H. hepaticus hepatitis. One bioassay with H. hepaticus infection without attendant hepatitis and one bioassay without H. hepaticus or hepatitis did not have elevated rates of hepatocyte proliferation or apoptosis. There was no significant effect on PCNA cell proliferation indices or apoptosis in females. The present findings are indicative of a clear association between the presence of H. hepaticus infection with attendant hepatitis, increased cell proliferation and apoptosis, and increased incidences of hepatocellular neoplasia in males but not in females. Thus, the interpretation of liver tumor responses in H. hepaticus-infected studies is considered to be confounded in male mice. The lack of enhanced cell proliferation or hepatocellular neoplasia in control females suggests that bioassay results from females are valid for hazard identification. Furthermore, the absence of enhanced cell proliferation in lungs and kidneys of male and females suggests that neoplastic effects at these sites are not exacerbated by H. hepaticus infection.
Integer linear programming models and performance evaluation on wavelength rearrangement in a mesh-restored all-optical network

In this letter we Introduce a new traffic policing mechanism able to deal with multifractal sources. The ability of monitoring accurately a traffic flow is of extreme importance to avoid malicious behavior on the part of some users and to guarantee the required quality of service of other users. The proposed policing mechanism approximates an ideal algorithm
Resource allocation scheme for orthogonal frequency division multiple access networks based on cooperative game theory

Cooperative game theory can be applied to orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) networks for fair resource allocation. In this work, we consider a comprehensive cross‐layer framework including physical and medium access control layer requirements. We apply two cooperative games, nontransferable utility (NTU) game and transferable utility (TU) game, to provide fairness in OFDMA networks. In NTU game, fairness is achieved by defining appropriate objective function, whereas in TU game, fairness is provided by forming the appropriate network structure. For NTU game, we analyze the Nash bargaining solution as a solution of NTU game taking into account channel state information and queue state information. In a TU game, we show that coalition among subcarriers to jointly provide rate requirements leads to better performance in terms of power consumption. The subcarrier's payoff is determined according to the amount of payoff which that subcarrier brings to the coalition by its participation. We show that although NTU and TU games are modeled as rate adaptive and margin adaptive problems, respectively, both solutions provide a fair distribution of resources with minimum fairness index of 0.8. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A ug 2 01 2 Coarse-graining Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory

We present a real-space formulation for coarse-graining Ko hn-Sham Density Functional Theory that significantly speeds up the analysis of material defects without a ppreciable loss of accuracy. The approximation scheme consists of two steps. First, we develop a linear-sca ling method that enables the direct evaluation of the electron density without the need to evaluate ind iv dual orbitals. We achieve this by performing Gauss quadrature over the spectrum of the linearized Hamilt onian operator appearing in each iteration of the self-consistent field method. Building on the linear-scali ng method, we introduce a spatial approximation scheme resulting in a coarse-grained Density Functional Th eory. The spatial approximation is adapted so as to furnish fine resolution where necessary and to coarsen els where. This coarse-graining step enables the analysis of defects at a fraction of the original computatio nal cost, without any significant loss of accuracy. Furthermore, we show that the coarse-grained solutions are convergent with respect to the spatial approximation. We illustrate the scope, versatility, efficiency a nd accuracy of the scheme by means of selected examples.
Application of One Sided t-tests and a Generalized Experiment Wise Error Rate to High-Density Oligonucleotide Microarray Experiments: An Example Using Arabidopsis.

MOTIVATION: A formidable challenge in the analysis of microarray data is the identification of those genes that exhibit differential expression. The objectives of this research were to examine the utility of simple ANOVA, one sided t tests, natural log transformation, and a generalized experiment wise error rate methodology for analysis of such experiments. As a test case, we analyzed a Affymetrix GeneChip microarray experiment designed to test for the effect of a CHD3 chromatin remodeling factor, PICKLE, and an inhibitor of the plant hormone gibberellin (GA), on the expression of 8256 Arabidopsis thaliana genes. RESULTS: The GFWER(k) is defined as the probability of rejecting k or more true null hypothesis at a given p level. Computing probabilities by GFWER(k) was shown to be simple to apply and, depending on the value of k, can greatly increase power. A k value as small as 2 or 3 was concluded to be adequate for large or small experiments respectively. A one sided t-test along with GFWER(2)=. 05 identified 43 genes as exhibiting PICKLE-dependent expression. Expression of all 43 genes was re-examined by qRT-PCR, of which 36 (83.7%) were confirmed to exhibit PICKLE-dependent expression.
μ-Oxido-bis({2,2′-[o-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato}iron(III)) methanol monosolvate dihydrate

The title complex, [Fe2(C20H14N2O2)2O]·CH4O·2H2O, is composed of μ-oxido-bridged ferric 2,2′-[o-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolate (salphen) dimers, one methanol molecule and two H2O molecules. Each iron(III) ion, surrounded by two coordinating N and O atoms from the salphen ligand and one bridging O atom, shows a five-coordinate square-pyramidal geometry. One of the two solvent water molecules is disordered over three positions with occupancies of 0.44 (1), 0.37 (1) and 0.19 (1).
The Global Data Synchronisation Network (GDSN): Technology and standards improving supply chain efficiency

The Global Data Synchronisation Network (GDSN)® comprises the GS1 Global Registry® and a federated network of interoperable certified data pools enabling the synchronisation of Party, Item, and Price data through the implementation of a set of the GS1 standards. The GS1 System was formerly known as the EAN·UCC (European Article Number · Uniform Code Council) System. The GDSN was formed from a collaborative work effort from many organisations and individuals in an effort to enhance and improve the supply chain through the use of standards-based processes for synchronising data between end users, also known as trading partners. The choreography and technology of the GDSN enable this synchronisation process to occur in today's supply chain. The GDSN and its related processes are defined and described so that the business processes and the technology that enables this business process can be more easily identified. Since the introduction of the GDSN in 2004, with 4 initial Data Pools, representing about 135 active users, the network has grown to 29 Certified Data Pools (25 active), representing over 21,000 active users. In that same time-frame, the number of items being synchronised using the GDSN has gone from about 75,000 to over 6,750,000. In addition, the Global Registry has items representing 132 different countries. In a testament to its global nature, out of the 625 possible Data Pool interconnections almost 175 are actually made, which means that Data Pools all over the world are communicating with each other through the GDSN. This demonstrates that a standards-based approach to solve a prevalent business problem is feasible and represents a viable approach presently as well as into the future as additional higher level business processes will continue to require the use of validated, synchronised information in the supply chain.
The Collapse of a Country.

Iceland experienced the deepest and most rapid financial crisis recorded in peacetime history when its three major banks all collapsed in the same week in October 2008 triggering a systemic crisis, the first in any advanced economy. Its collapse is related to the global liquidity crisis, but a unique set of circumstances suggests that the recession in Iceland will be much deeper and prolonged than the recession in most other European countries.
International Aid to Tanzania – with some comparisons from Ghana and Uganda

This paper has three principal objectives. First, to review the level of Official Development Assistance (ODA) to Tanzania over the last two to three decades, and to place this into an economic context. This review includes some comparisons with the experience of Ghana and Uganda. Second, to discuss three major issues for the Tanzanian aid: the position of ODA as budget support, corruption, and alignment with the principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. Third, to review the literature on the Tanzanian aid experience, including a range of official evaluation reports produced by the Tanzanian government and by the donor community. The conclusions, broadly, are that ODA has been at a sustained high level for most of the period reviewed, funding a significant amount of government development expenditure, and that economic growth has been strong, with poverty reduction â€˜flat-liningâ€™ in Tanzania but being significant in Ghana and Uganda. Experience with budget support in Tanzania has been mixed, corruption continues as a major concern, and improvements to public finance management have been difficult to achieve. In this context governance adjustments come slowly, requiring patience on the part of both recipient governments and the ODA donor community.
Clinical and histopathological features of the oral mucosa in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.

INTRODUCTION Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a common but serious complication of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Oral involvement of cGVHD occurs in 80 to 100% of patients suffering from cGVHD and may be the early manifestation of this complication. AIM To study whether the histological changes of oral cGVHD are detectable in apparently normal oral mucosa of HSCT patients without clinical manifestations of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study enrolled 13 adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT for haematological malignancies. The presence of lichenoid, atrophic or erythematous changes of the oral mucosa detected on oral examination approximately 100 days after the HSCT was regarded as positive for cGVHD. An incisional biopsy of the oral mucosa was taken from patients with and without oral cGVHD and the specimens were examined by a pathologist who was unaware of the clinical state of the sampled mucosa. RESULTS Biopsies were taken from four patients with clinical manifestations of oral cGVHD and from nine patients with apparently normal oral mucosa. Histological cGVHD changes were detected in each of the four patients (100%) with clinical manifestations of oral cGVHD and in six of the nine patients (66.6%) with apparently healthy mucosa. DISCUSSION Although the histological changes in the oral mucosa without corresponding clinical alterations that were detected in this study are insufficient for a definite diagnosis of oral cGVHD, it appears important to investigate the amount of histological change in predicting clinical onset. A longer follow-up period in patients showing histological changes with no clinical manifestations may elucidate whether these changes are predictive of clinically evident lesions in the mouth or other sites.
A Selection Model of Hedonic House Values and Rents

We use a large repeated cross-section of houses to estimate a selection model of the supply of owner-occupied and rental housing. We find that physical characteristics and unobserved heterogeneity and not location are important for selection. We interpret this as strong evidence in favor of contracting frictions in the rental market relating to maintenance and modification of a dwellings physical characteristics.
New development: Financial reforms played in two octaves— yet again?

Major public service reforms are underway at the national level in Australia. The reforms are being implemented progressively over a three-year period. This is the third in a series of articles looking at the implementation of these reforms and focuses on the second stage, which was supposed to be completed in 2015. The author examines the recent report of the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit which reviewed the development of the ‘Performance Framework’ through a series of public hearings. He explains why, for good governance, particularly in a difficult economic and budgetary climate (domestically and internationally), public interest considerations must prevail, not just in issues about ‘how’ but also about ‘what’ is being actually achieved. There is considerable scope for shared learning and experience across governments and sectors of the economy in any reforms of the public sector.
Can we predict the effects of NF-κB inhibition in sepsis? Studies with parthenolide and ethyl pyruvate

Background: Based partially on encouraging findings from preclinical models, interest has grown in therapeutic inhibition of NF-κB to limit inflammatory injury during sepsis. However, NF-κB also regulates protective responses, and predicting the net survival effects of such inhibition may be difficult. Objectives: To highlight the caution necessary with this therapeutic approach, we review our investigations in a mouse sepsis model with parthenolide and ethyl pyruvate, two NF-κB inhibitors proposed for clinical study. Results: Consistent with published studies, parthenolide decreased NF-κB binding activity and inflammatory cytokine release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. In LPS-challenged mice (C57BL/6J), however, while both agents decreased lung and kidney NF-κB binding activity and plasma cytokines early (1 – 3 h), these measures were increased later (6 – 12 h) in patterns differing significantly over time. Furthermore, despite studying several doses of parthenolide (0.25 – 4.0 mg/kg) and ethyl pyruvate (0.1 – 100 mg/kg), each produced small but consistent decreases in survival which overall were significant (p ≤ 0.04 for each agent). Conclusion: While NF-κB inhibitors hold promise for inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, caution is necessary. Clear understanding of the net effects of NF-κB inhibitors on outcome will be necessary before such agents are used clinically.
Nesfatin-1 correlates with hypertension in overweight or obese Han Chinese population

Abstract We investigated blood nesfatin-1 levels in hypertension patients. We found that fasting plasma nesfatin-1 levels were significantly higher in hypertension patients than in control groups, especially in overweight/obese hypertension patients (4.5 ± 2.1 versus 3.3 ± 1.1 ng/ml, p < 0.01). Body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were indeed positively correlated with fasting plasma nesfatin-1 levels (r = 0.234, p < 0.05; r = 0.304, p < 0.01; r = 0.251, p < 0.05; r = 0.461, p < 0.01; respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the plasma level of nesfatin-1 could be independent of risk prediction over standard measures (OR = 1.547, 95% CI: 1.153–6.273, p = 0.026). Nesfatin-1 has the incremental contribution to hypertension risk prediction (IDI: 0.014, p = 0.018; NRI: 0.050, p = 0.043). The plasma nesfatin-1 level in hypertension patients with microalbuminuria are significantly higher than those without microalbuminuria patients (6.4 ± 2.1 ng/ml versus 3.9 ± 1.8 ng/ml, p < 0.01). Nesfatin-1 might play an important role in obesity hypertension, and its increase could be a risk factor for obesity-associated hypertension.