Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Left vagus nerve stimulation suppresses experimentally induced pain

Objective: To test whether electric stimulation of the vagus nerve has an antinociceptive effect in humans. Background: In a variety of animal studies, vagus nerve stimulation was shown to inhibit nociceptive behavior as well as electric responses of spinal nociceptive neurons. In humans, chronic left vagus nerve stimulation is used to treat pharmacologically refractory epilepsy. Methods: The authors investigated experimental pain in 10 patients with seizures before and twice after implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator by using different controlled stimuli, including noxious heat, tonic pressure, and short impact. Pain was quantified on a visual analogue scale. Twelve nonepileptic age- and gender-matched individuals served as control subjects. Results: Vagus nerve stimulation reduced increasing pain associated with trains of five consecutive stimuli at 1.5-second intervals (“wind-up”; p < 0.001). In a similar manner, pain on tonic pressure was reduced by vagus nerve stimulation (p < 0.03). Pain associated with single-impact stimuli as well as heat pain thresholds were unaltered under vagus nerve stimulation. Thus, vagus nerve stimulation led to pain relief predominantly in experimental procedures in which pain magnitude was amplified by central processing. The antinociceptive effect was independent of the acute on-off cycles of vagus nerve stimulation. Conclusions: Vagus nerve stimulation is effective in reducing pain in humans. In humans, the antinociceptive effect might rely on central inhibition rather than alterations of peripheral nociceptive mechanisms. These results indicate a promising, potential future role of vagus nerve stimulation in pain treatment.
Yet another approach for food recognition: monitoring power leakage from microwave oven

In this paper, we demonstrate a food recognition method by monitoring power leakage from a domestic microwave oven. Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) is applied as a low-cost spectrum analyzer to measure the microwave oven leakage as received signal strength indication (RSSI). We aim to recognize 18 categories of food that are commonly cooked with a microwave oven. By analyzing 184 features designed after analyzing the features of measured RSSI, we attain an average recognition accuracy of 82.3% with various distances between the microwave oven and the USRP and different data downsampling frequencies for raw data processing.
Lymph node density is a significant predictor of outcome in patients with oral cancer

The impact of lymph node metastases on prognosis in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been well recognized. However, accurate stratification of risk for recurrence among patients with lymph node metastases is difficult based on the existing staging systems. In the current study, the utility of lymph node density (LND) was evaluated as an alternative method for predicting survival.
Dual band directional bowtie antenna loaded with a square loop

This study presents a newly modified unidirectional bowtie antenna with dual-band operation. The proposed antenna consists of two bowtie dipole elements, a square loop, a parallel-strip line (changed from a microstrip line), and a ground plane. The dual-wideband operating characteristics of this antenna are achieved by means of the square loop. Experimental results show that the proposed antenna has wide dual-band impedance bandwidths ranging from 2.64 to 6.28 GHz and from 8 to 14 GHz, respectively. Moreover, desirable directional radiation patterns showing gains of greater than 6.5 dBi for 2.64–6.28 GHz (81.6%) and 9.35–12.7 GHz (30.4%) bands are achieved.
Family Perception: Quality of Life Following a Child's Traumatic Injury

ABSTRACT This prospective research study evaluated the parent's perception of their child's quality of life at 1 and 6 months following injury, using the Child Health Questionnaire to measure outcomes. At both 1 and 6 months postinjury, the physical summary and psychosocial summary scores were significantly lower than US norms for all levels of injury severity. Predictors of lower physical and psychosocial scores, such as the Injury Severity Score and specific location of injury, were determined. This study demonstrates the long-term impact of injury and validates the need for earlier intervention and anticipatory guidance for the child and family.
Selective affinity fractionation of murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). Unique lectin specific binding of the CTL associated surface glycoprotein, T 145

We have analyzed the lectin binding characteristics of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-derived surface labeled glycoproteins by affinity chromatography of the labeled glycoproteins on a panel of immobilized lectin adsorbents. Evidence is presented for the specific interaction of the CTL-associated glycoprotein T 145 with a lectin derived from Vicia villosa seeds. Conditions are described for the preparation and use of lectin affinity adsorbents for the rapid isolation of T 145 bearing cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Direct proof is given to show that T 145-positive cells arising from a variety of T-cell activations constitute the only subpopulation of cells with ability to perform cell- mediated T-cell cytotoxicity. Specific depletion of the CTLs by adherence to V. villosa adsorbents is shown by their depletion in the nonbound cell fraction and correspondingly enriched recovery in the sugar eluted cell fraction. Specific affinity fractionation of CTLs has occurred in every strain combination tested and irrespective of the actual antigen specificity of the effector cell population.
A method for identifying splice sites and translational start sites in eukaryotic mRNA

This paper describes a new method for determining the consensus sequences that signal the start of translation and the boundaries between exons and introns (donor and acceptor sites) in eukaryotic mRNA. The method takes into account the dependencies between adjacent bases, in contrast to the usual technique of considering each position independently. When coupled with a dynamic program to compute the most likely sequence, new consensus sequences emerge. The consensus sequence information is summarized in conditional probability matrices which, when used to locate signals in uncharacterized genomic DNA, have greater sensitivity and specificity than conventional matrices. Species-specific versions of these matrices are especially effective at distinguishing true and false sites.
Applied Positive Psychology: Integrated Positive Practice

Introduction Chapter 1: Preparing for the Journey A map to guide us Our motto Chapter 2: The Mind Consciousness Embodiment Emotions Cognitions Awareness+ Chapter 3: The Body and the Brain Biochemistry Neurons Neural networks The nervous system The body Chapter 4: Culture and Society Microsystem Mesosystem Exosystem Macrosystem Ecosystem Chapter 5: Childhood and Development Pregnancy and birth Infancy Early childhood Positive education Positive youth development Development throughout adulthood Positive aging Chapter 6: Occupations and Organisations The mind The body Culture Society Chapter 7: Religion and Spirituality The religion-health connection Meditation and Buddhism Yoga and Hinduism Religion, spirituality, and positive psychology Chapter 8: Ethical and Reflective Practice Ethical practice Reflective practice
The effect of physicians' long-term use of CPOE on their test management work practices.

OBJECTIVE To explore physicians' work practices in relation to their long-term use of a computerized physician order entry system (CPOE). DESIGN A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted in four clinical units in two large Australian teaching hospitals. One hospital had used CPOE for over 10 years to order all clinical laboratory and radiology tests and view test results and the other had used the computerized viewing facility of the system for over seven years with tests ordered manually. Data were collected by non-participatory observations of physicians (55 sessions) and 28 interviews. MEASUREMENTS Content analysis of the observation field notes, reflections on observations and interview transcripts were conducted by two researchers independently. A thematic grounded theory approach was used to derive key themes that would explain physicians work practices associated with CPOE use. RESULTS Three themes relating to physicians' established use of CPOE were identified: (1) the effect of the hospital and clinical environment; (2) changes to work practices; and (3) physicians' management of information. Physicians' test management work practices using CPOE were related to diversity between: the hospitals; the clinical units' environment, and the users of the system. CONCLUSION Hospitals need to understand and analyze physicians' test management work practices prior to and during the implementation of CPOE to accommodate their diverse ways of working with computerized information systems. In the current mixed media environment, physicians' use of manual and computerized information systems for sourcing and recording information impacts on efficiency and patient safety.
Downlink interference minimization in cognitive LTE-femtocell networks

Minimizing the cross-tier and co-tier interference while maintaining high system throughput or spectrum efficiency is one of the major fundamental challenges within femtocell networks. Cognitive radio enabled techniques can play a key role in mitigating the interference effectively by providing more secondary spectrum access opportunities, especially in dense femtocells deployment scenarios. Supported by cognitive radio functionality, femtocell users can access and share the licensed spectra including the frequency bands of both macrocells and other licensed systems (e.g. TV White Spaces) as long as not causing harmful interference to the coexisting licensed systems. In this paper, based on cognitive sensing, we propose a joint scheme of channel assignment, power allocation and macrocell-femtocell scheduling, so as to minimize the aggregate interference from the multiple femtocells to the licensed users while taking into account each femtocell's capacity and power budget. Moreover, we come up with the concepts of Physical Cluster (PC) and Virtual Cluster (VC) and synthetically apply the related algorithms to reduce the interference step by step. Finally, the performances of the proposed algorithms are analyzed, and numerical results have verified the viability and effectiveness of the proposed scheme in managing the femtocell interference.
Removal of pharmaceuticals in WWTP effluents by ozone and hydrogen peroxide

Ozonation to achieve removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater effluents, with pH values in the upper and lower regions of the typical range for Swedish wastewater, was investigated. The main aim was to study the effects of varying pH values (6.0 and 8.0), and if small additions of H2O2 prior to ozone treatment could improve the removal and lower the reaction time. The effluents studied differed in their chemical characteristics, particularly in terms of alkalinity (65.3-427 mg center dot l(-1) HCO3-), COD (18.2-41.8 mg center dot l(-1)), DOC (6.9-12.5 mg center dot l(-1)), ammonium content (0.02-3.6 mg center dot l(-1)) and specific UV absorbance (1.78-2.76 l center dot mg(-1)center dot m(-1)). As expected, lower ozone decomposition rates were observed in the effluents at pH 6.0 compared to pH 8.0. When pH 8.0 effluents were ozonated, a higher degree of pharmaceutical removal occurred in the effluent with low specific UV absorbance. For pH 6.0 effluents, the removal of pharmaceuticals was most efficient in the effluent with the lowest organic content. The addition of H2O2 had no significant effect on the quantitative removal of pharmaceuticals but enhanced the ozone decomposition rate. Thus, H2O2 addition increased the reaction rate. In practice, this will mean that the reactor volume needed for the ozonation of wastewater effluents can be reduced.
Thermoelectric Codesign of 3-D CPUs and Embedded Microfluidic Pin-Fin Heatsinks

Microfluidic cooling is considered an effective cooling method suitable for 3-D ICs. However, TSVs are placed in pin fins and coolant flows in between pin fins, so inserting more pin fins to increase the vertical bandwidth reduces the cooling capacity. This paper codesigns 3-D CPU architectures and microfluidic heatsinks to simultaneously optimize the performance and cooling capacity of 3-D ICs with microfluidic pin-fin heatsinks. The article shows that the codesign approach achieves better performance and energy efficiency than optimizing only the cooling capacity or the vertical bandwidth.
Optimal Relay Placement Schemes In OFDMA Cellular Networks

The Wireless services such as Skype and other multimedia teleconferencing require high data rate irrespective of user’s location in the cellular network. However, the Quality of Service (QoS) of users degrades at the cell boundary. Improvement in capacity and increase in coverage area of cellular networks are the main benefits of Fixed Relay Nodes (FRNs). These benefits of FRNs are based on the position of relays in the cell. Therefore, optimal placement of FRNs is a key design issue. We propose new schemes optimal FRN placement in cellular network. Pathloss, Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) experienced by users, and effects of shadowing have been considered. Our analysis give more emphasis on supporting users at the cell-boundary (worst case scenario). The results show that these schemes achieve higher system performance in terms of spectral efficiency and also increase the user data rate at the cell edge.
Patient and provider perspectives on cellular phone-based technology to improve HIV treatment adherence

Innovative techniques, potentially using technology, to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) may help patients with HIV who struggle with self-care. This qualitative study compared patient and provider participants' perspectives on ART adherence and text messaging as a tool to promote adherence. Thirteen providers and 14 HIV-infected patients identified four main themes: (1) facilitators, (2) barriers to using text message reminders as a medium for ART medication reminders, (3) framing of text message reminders, and (4) patient responsibility and autonomy in the management of their health and wellness. Ease of use, access, convenience, and confidentiality were cited as benefits of a text message-based adherence intervention; while access, cost, difficulty manipulating cellular phones, lack of knowledge/education, and confidentiality were cited as potential barriers. Providers, but not patients, also identified patient apathy and time burden as potential barriers to a text message-based adherence reminder system. Patients and providers felt that personalization of messages, attention to timing, and confidentiality of messages were key factors for a successful text message-based adherence reminder system. Both providers and patients felt that patient responsibility and autonomy over an individual's own health care is an important issue in adherence to medical care. The majority of patients and providers felt that a text message-based adherence reminder system would be beneficial. While patients and providers had many similar views on factors influencing adherence with ART and the use of text messaging to improve adherence, there were some divergent views between the two groups.
Synonymus Theories in Answer Set Programming and Equilibrium Logic

The study of strong equivalence between logic programs or nonmonotonic theories under answer set semantics, begun in [18], is extended to the case where the programs or theories concerned are formulated in different languages. We suggest that theories in different languages be considered equivalent in the strong sense or synonymous if and only if each is bijectively interpretable (hence translatable) into the other. Since the logic of here-and-there, which provides a suitable foundation for answer set programming, has the Beth property, we can easily give model-theoretic conditions that are equivalent to bijective interpretability. These conditions involve mappings between the models of the two theories that, in particular, preserve the property of being an answer set or equilibrium model.
Depressive symptom trajectories and associated risks among bereaved Alzheimer disease caregivers.

OBJECTIVES A recent study concluded that depressive symptoms among caregivers decline on average from before to after the Alzheimer disease (AD) patient's death. The present study sought to determine if subgroups of bereaved AD caregivers follow distinctive depressive symptom trajectories and the characteristics associated with membership in depressive symptom subgroups. DESIGN Latent class mixture models sought to identify clusters of homogeneous participants in the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health study-a multisite, randomized caregiver intervention trial. PARTICIPANTS One hundred eighty-two community-based bereaved caregivers were included in the study. MEASUREMENTS The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale assessed depressive symptoms among the AD caregivers at baseline and three follow-up visits. RESULTS Three postloss depressive symptom trajectories emerged: persistently syndromal depression (N = 30, 16.5%); syndromal-becoming-threshold level depression (N = 62, 34.0%); and persistently absent depression (N = 90, 49.5%). Lower income, higher preloss depression levels, greater caregiver behavioral burden, less family support, and adverse health behaviors (e.g., smoking, skipped meals, and lack of exercise) after loss were risk factors for syndromal and syndromal-becoming-threshold level depression after loss. CONCLUSIONS Early intervention to reduce caregiving behavioral burden and enhance family support and promote healthier behaviors of bereaved AD caregivers may decrease the risk of syndromal or syndromal-becoming-threshold level depression after loss.
Indian Signatures in the Westernmost Edge of the European Romani Diaspora: New Insight from Mitogenomes

In agreement with historical documentation, several genetic studies have revealed ancestral links between the European Romani and India. The entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 27 Spanish Romani was sequenced in order to shed further light on the origins of this population. The data were analyzed together with a large published dataset (mainly hypervariable region I [HVS-I] haplotypes) of Romani (N = 1,353) and non-Romani worldwide populations (N>150,000). Analysis of mitogenomes allowed the characterization of various Romani-specific clades. M5a1b1a1 is the most distinctive European Romani haplogroup; it is present in all Romani groups at variable frequencies (with only sporadic findings in non-Romani) and represents 18% of their mtDNA pool. Its phylogeographic features indicate that M5a1b1a1 originated 1.5 thousand years ago (kya; 95% CI: 1.3–1.8) in a proto-Romani population living in Northwest India. U3 represents the most characteristic Romani haplogroup of European/Near Eastern origin (12.4%); it appears at dissimilar frequencies across the continent (Iberia: ∼31%; Eastern/Central Europe: ∼13%). All U3 mitogenomes of our Iberian Romani sample fall within a new sub-clade, U3b1c, which can be dated to 0.5 kya (95% CI: 0.3–0.7); therefore, signaling a lower bound for the founder event that followed admixture in Europe/Near East. Other minor European/Near Eastern haplogroups (e.g. H24, H88a) were also assimilated into the Romani by introgression with neighboring populations during their diaspora into Europe; yet some show a differentiation from the phylogenetically closest non-Romani counterpart. The phylogeny of Romani mitogenomes shows clear signatures of low effective population sizes and founder effects. Overall, these results are in good agreement with historical documentation, suggesting that cultural identity and relative isolation have allowed the Romani to preserve a distinctive mtDNA heritage, with some features linking them unequivocally to their ancestral Indian homeland.
Novel Approach for Tagging of Discourse Segments in Help-Desk E-Mails

The volume of email that help-desks receive every day is very high and often queries are repeated. Any kind of automation in processing of emails requires good understanding of the emails. In the current work we propose a schema for tagging author composed sentences in help-desk emails by the intent of the author. We have created a corpus taking email data from two help-desks and annotated them at sentence level. We have achieved significant accuracies in learning to automatically tag the sentences using n-gram features and some hand-picked lexical features. At every stage right from choice of schema to choice of features, we have tried to be domain independent or keep domain related information as a separate component. Automation of Tagging of Discourse Segments (TODS) in email, we propose is a significant step towards finding the discourse parse of emails.
Effects of Attribute and Goal Framing on Automation Reliance and Compliance

Presentation of an aid's reliability may have mixed results on utilization due to differences in the way the reliability is framed, as well as its effects on reliance versus compliance. Using an aided signal detection task, the current study compared effects of attribute framing (80% correct versus 20% incorrect) and goal framing (focusing on hits and correct rejections versus misses and false alarms) on sensitivity, response bias, compliance, and reliance. Sensitivity and response bias results indicated few differences between aided groups. Information framing did lead to differences in compliance, but not reliance compared to an unframed group. However, reliance differences occurred when comparing positive and negative framing group. These results indicate that the manner in which information about the reliability of a diagnostic aid is presented can have significant, albeit subtle, effects on automation utilization.
Using Stakeholder Dialogue as a Source for New Ideas - a Dynamic Capability Underlying Sustainable Innovation

This paper attempts to gain a deeper understanding of the firm's ability to integrate stakeholder insights into the process of organisational innovation within the context of sustainable development. Given the early stage of empirical research on the topic, we used an exploratory case study of two Spanish companies that have successfully learned from stakeholder dialogue and have generated innovations that are beneficial both to the company and to sustainable development in general. The evidence from the two case studies suggests that there are two simple capabilities - stakeholder dialogue and stakeholder knowledge integration for generating innovations in accordance with stakeholder needs. Whereas stakeholder dialogue leverages organisational resources that promote two-way communication, transparency and appropriate feedback to stakeholders, stakeholder knowledge integration relies on non-hierarchical structures, flexibility and openness to change. The paper sheds some light on the under-researched issue of linking stakeholder dialogue and sustainable innovation, and contributes to opening the black box of dynamic capabilities and advancing in the understanding of this fundamental organisational concept.