Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trait Emotional Intelligence: Protecting Health from the Negative Impact of Stress

This thesis explored the ability of two trait EI subscales [Emotional recognition and expression (ERE), and Emotional control (EC)] to explain significant amounts of unique variance in health variables. It asked first, whether the relationship between trait EI and health was mediated by coping, social support or unhealthy behaviours; and second, whether the harmful effect of stressor exposure on health was moderated by trait EI subscales. The thesis focussed on two specific components of EI to aid understanding of how specific elements of trait EI influence health, cross sectional and longitudinal designs were used; both objective (salivary cortisol) and subjective (life event inventory) measures of stress were used; personality, gender and age were considered as control variables wherever the predictive power of EI was explored, and health was explored as a multidimensional construct. Additionally, the selected trait EI measure [the Swinburne University Emotional Intelligence Test (SUEIT; Palmer & Stough, 2001)],was well matched to the ability EI model proposed by Mayer & Salovey (1997) and did not include correlates of trait EI such as facets personality. Original contribution to knowledge are; first, the longitudinal investigation of trait EI subscales and health; and second, the exploration in a naturalistic setting of the capacity of trait EI subscales to explain significant variance in cortisol reactivity, when personality, gender and age were controlled. Results revealed neither ERE nor EC could explain significant amounts of variance in health variables (cross-sectionally or longitudinally), or in cortisol reactivity. However both ERE and EC were found to moderate the relationship between life event stressor exposure and health status. Moderational analyses revealed that, under a high frequency of stressful events, health was worse when EI subscales were low. In combination the results of these studies suggest that trait EI subscales ERE and EC are predictive of health only under high stress conditions. This finding is contradictory to the findings of recent meta analysis (Martins, Ramalho & Morin, in press), and discussion suggests that the discrepancy may be because past studies have used trait EI measures with content wider than the ability EI model (such as personality and happiness), which increased predictive power but reduced theoretical understanding.
Goal Ambiguity in U.S. Federal Agencies

Observations that government organizations have particularly high levels of organizational goal ambiguity, and that this goal ambiguity has major influences on their other characteristics, abound in the literature on public bureaucracy. Few researchers, however, have developed quantified measures of goal ambiguity and tested these frequent assertions with large samples of government organizations. We develop measures of four dimensions of goal ambiguity: mission comprehension ambiguity, directive goal ambiguity, evaluative goal ambiguity, and priority goal ambiguity. Confirming hypotheses developed from the literature on public organizations, the last three variables show relations to organizational age, financial publicness (proportion of funding from government allocations), competing demands, policy problem complexity, and regulatory status. The success of the measures of goal ambiguity demonstrates the feasibility of measuring the concept and conducting empirical tests of observations that are often repeated without such testing, and will support further theoretical and methodological development of this important topic. In the literature on the distinctive characteristics of public organizations and their management, the most frequently repeated observation concerns the greater vagueness of their goals, as compared to the goals of private business firms, and the greater difficulty that public organizations face in assessing goal achievement (e.g., Allison 1983; Dahl and Lindblom 1953; Downs 1967; Drucker 1980; Lowi 1979; Lynn 1981; Wildavsky 1979; Wilson 1989). Although scholars and expert observers further contend that this goal ambiguity has many serious consequences, mostly dysfunctional ones, conceptual analysis and empirical research on the topic have been quite limited. We present a new way to conceptualize and measure organizational goal ambiguity and then test a set of propositions about the construct’s relation to variables that we hypothesize to be antecedent to it, using data on a sample of 115 U.S. federal agencies. We suggest a definition of organizational goal ambiguity and introduce four dimensions of the construct. These are mission comprehension ambiguity (How understandable is the mission statement? ), directive goal ambiguity (measured by a ‘‘rules to law’’ ratio), evaluative goal ambiguity (as indicated by a coding scheme for the agencies’ performance
Alterations in adriamycin efficacy by phenobarbital.

Adriamycin dosage should be reduced in patients with impaired liver function, since adriamycin disposition is influenced by liver metabolism and biliary excretion. It follows that drugs that increase the metabolism or excretory capacity of the liver may decrease adriamycin concentrations to suboptimal values. Adriamycin metabolism was therefore studied in mice pretreated with phenobarbital (75 mg/kg i.v.) by injection. After an i.v. dose of adriamycin (30 mg/kg i.v.), plasma fluorescence due to drug and metabolites was less and disappeared at a greater rate in phenobarbital-pretreated mice than control animals. When extracted with chloroform: isoprophyl alcohol (1:1), the livers from the phenobarbital-pretreated group yielded a greater concentration of glycones. Experiments with liver microsomes confirmed that aglycone production occurred at a more rapid initial rate in phenobarbital-induced livers. No increase in aldoketo reductase (daunorubicin reductase) activity was noted. Phenobarbital-pretreated mice, inoculated i.p. with 1 million L1210 cells and then treated with adriamycin (6 mg/kg i.v.), had significantly lower survival than did controls (p less than 0.01). These findings show that phenobarbital affects the disposition of adriamycin by microsomal enzyme induction and suggest that drugs that induce microsomal enzymes should not be used concurrently with adriamycin if optimal drug efficacy is desired.
Predictors of neonatal mortality in the intensive care unit in Abha, Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE Based on 11 months of prospective surveillance in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Abha General Hospital, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, The association of neonatal morbidity and mortality with different risk factors were studied for prediction of different factors of mortality. METHODS All neonates admitted to the ICU during the period of study; April 2002 through to February 2003 were included. They were followed until discharge or death. RESULTS Of the 277 infants admitted, 62 died (22.4%). The 3 common illnesses were prematurity with respiratory problems (31%), respiratory distress syndrome (27%) and perinatal asphyxia (7.6%). Sixty one percent of deaths occurred within the first 3 days, while only 3.2% died after the first month. Fifty-five percent of admission were premature; the percent of mortality among them was 35%. Those who were delivered before 30 week constituted 13% with a very high case fatality rate, 86%. Multivariate analysis revealed that gestational age, severity of illness, Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes (asphyxia) and mechanical ventilation were the most important predictors of mortality. CONCLUSION Mortality in the NICU is high, these results suggest more effort is needed to identify and reduce risk factors associated with neonatal mortality with special emphasis on prematurity, and to evaluate medical care provided in NICU.
Nutrients and antinutrients of ragi and wheat as influenced bytraditional processes

Nutritional deficiencies such as proteins, vitamins and minerals are widespread in most developing countries and hence, imperative to obtain foods with superior nutritive value. Since the impact of various traditional processes on different cereals and legumes is diverse, present work focuses on influence of various combinations of processes on nutrients and antinutrients of ragi and wheat. Significant difference in nutrients and antinutrients among raw and processed ragi and wheat was observed. Pressure cooking, fermentation and germination, potentially increasing the major nutrients. There was significant reduction of phytic acid by 61.5 and 51.8% in roasted ragi and wheat respectively. Total polyphenols significantly reduced by 65.8 and 87.1% respectively in blanched ragi and roasted wheat. A significant reduction of tannins by 73.6 and 85.1% was found in soaking followed by pressure-cooked ragi and fermentation followed by germinated wheat respectively. Flavonoids reduced by 51% in germinated and kilned ragi and wheat, while 61.5 and 52.3% reduction in trypsin inhibitors was noticed in roasted and pressure-cooked ragi and pressurecooked wheat respectively. Antioxidant activities by DPPH scavenging and reducing power assay were weak in all the samples. It is suggested to adopt suitable process for highest nutrient retention and antinutrient reduction for composite food preparations.
Characteristics of Maternal and Paternal Behavior in Traditional and Nontraditional Swedish Families

Forty-five Swedish couples (N = 90) were observed at home interacting with their 16month-old infants. Fifteen of the fathers had been primary caretaker for more than one month (x = 2.8 months). These men were designated Involved whereas their partners were deemed Less Involved. Men who took little or no parental leave were considered Less Involved, and their partners were deemed Involved. Analyses of the parents' behavior revealed that mothers were more likely to vocalize, display affection toward, touch, tend to, and hold their infants than fathers were, regardless of relative involvement in caretaking. Involvement in caretaking had no significant effects on parental behavior. However, involved mothers scored highest on all six of the major behavioral measures. The findings suggested that gender differences in parental behavior are much less amenable to social influence than many psychologists believe, although we are not yet able to say whether gender differences in parental style have some biological basis.
Careerist Orientation and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Expatriates and Non-Expatriates

This study had three objectives. First, we examined the relationship between careerist orientation and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Second, we investigated the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between careerist orientation and OCB. Third, we examined whether expatriate employees (those sent abroad on full-time company assignment) differed from non-expatriate employees in the strength of the relationship between careerist orientation and OCB. The expatriate sample consisted of 232 U.S. expatriates working in United Kingdom and the non-expatriate sample consisted of 210 full-time employees working in various organizations in the United States. We used hierarchical regression analyses to test the hypotheses. Careerist orientation adversely affected OCB because of lower life satisfaction that the employees experienced. Expatriate employees with a high careerist orientation exhibited lower level of OCB than non-expatriates with a high careerist orientation.
Dendritic Cell-Mediated Vaccination Relies on Interleukin-4 Receptor Signaling to Avoid Tissue Damage after Leishmania major Infection of BALB/c Mice

Prevention of tissue damages at the site of Leishmania major inoculation can be achieved if the BALB/c mice are systemically given L. major antigen (LmAg)-loaded bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) that had been exposed to CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN). As previous studies allowed establishing that interleukin-4 (IL-4) is involved in the redirection of the immune response towards a type 1 profile, we were interested in further exploring the role of IL-4. Thus, wild-type (wt) BALB/c mice or DC-specific IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα)-deficient (CD11ccreIL-4Rα−/lox) BALB/c mice were given either wt or IL-4Rα-deficient LmAg-loaded bone marrow-derived DC exposed or not to CpG ODN prior to inoculation of 2×105 stationary-phase L. major promastigotes into the BALB/c footpad. The results provide evidence that IL4/IL-4Rα-mediated signaling in the vaccinating DC is required to prevent tissue damage at the site of L. major inoculation, as properly conditioned wt DC but not IL-4Rα-deficient DC were able to confer resistance. Furthermore, uncontrolled L. major population size expansion was observed in the footpad and the footpad draining lymph nodes of CD11ccreIL-4Rα−/lox mice immunized with CpG ODN-exposed LmAg-loaded IL-4Rα-deficient DC, indicating the influence of IL-4Rα-mediated signaling in host DC to control parasite replication. In addition, no footpad damage occurred in BALB/c mice that were systemically immunized with LmAg-loaded wt DC doubly exposed to CpG ODN and recombinant IL-4. We discuss these findings and suggest that the IL4/IL4Rα signaling pathway could be a key pathway to trigger when designing vaccines aimed to prevent damaging processes in tissues hosting intracellular microorganisms.
PP2A delays APC/C‐dependent degradation of separase‐associated but not free securin

The universal triggering event of eukaryotic chromosome segregation is cleavage of centromeric cohesin by separase. Prior to anaphase, most separase is kept inactive by association with securin. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) constitutes another binding partner of human separase, but the functional relevance of this interaction has remained enigmatic. We demonstrate that PP2A stabilizes separase‐associated securin by dephosphorylation, while phosphorylation of free securin enhances its polyubiquitylation by the ubiquitin ligase APC/C and proteasomal degradation. Changing PP2A substrate phosphorylation sites to alanines slows degradation of free securin, delays separase activation, lengthens early anaphase, and results in anaphase bridges and DNA damage. In contrast, separase‐associated securin is destabilized by introduction of phosphorylation‐mimetic aspartates or extinction of separase‐associated PP2A activity. G2‐ or prometaphase‐arrested cells suffer from unscheduled activation of separase when endogenous securin is replaced by aspartate‐mutant securin. Thus, PP2A‐dependent stabilization of separase‐associated securin prevents precocious activation of separase during checkpoint‐mediated arrests with basal APC/C activity and increases the abruptness and fidelity of sister chromatid separation in anaphase.
Integrating physical education to teach appropriate play skills to learners with autism: A pilot study

This pilot study attempted to determine the effects of a collaborative socio-motor, adapted physical education/therapeutic recreation curriculum on the social play and motor development of learners with autism and their nonhandicapped peers in an integrated physical education classroom setting. Six students with autism, ages 4-12, participated with 50 nonhandicapped peers in a 9-week, twice weekly, physical education class at a public elementary school. All participants received training as "Special Friends" as well as instruction in the curriculum which included a variety of lifelong recreation and physical education activities designed to teach social skills and fundamental motor skills. Results of t tests indicated significant reductions in inappropriate play behavior for the younger group at the parallel and cooperative/competitive-dyad social levels of play. Although no other significant changes in participants' behaviors occurred, the following observations indicated increased involvement in the activities by the participants: (a) reduced inappropriate play behavior, (b) reduced target inappropriate behaviors, and (c) development of motor proficiency in catching and striking skills.
Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Is Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus-Transformed Central Nervous System Lymphoma and Has Oncogenic Properties

ABSTRACT Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7) is implicated in the regulation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latency. EBV transforms primary B cells, and the major EBV oncoprotein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), is required for the process. LMP-1 both induces the expression of IRF-7 and activates the IRF-7 protein by phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Here we report that the expression of IRF-7 is increased in EBV-immortalized B lymphocytes compared with that in primary B cells. IRF-7 was phosphorylated and predominantly localized in the nucleus in the immortalized cells. The expression of IRF-7 was detected in 19 of 27 specimens of primary lymphomas of the human central nervous system by immunohistochemical analysis. The association between LMP-1 and IRF-7 was statistically highly significant for these specimens. An appreciable amount of the IRF-7 expressed in lymphoma cells was localized in the nucleus. Furthermore, IRF-7 promoted the anchorage-independent growth of NIH 3T3 cells. LMP-1 and IRF-7 showed additive effects on the growth transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. IRF-7-expressing NIH 3T3 cells formed tumors in athymic mice. Thus, IRF-7 has oncogenic properties and, along with LMP-1, may mediate or potentiate the EBV transformation process in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated lymphomas.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure of a Novel Mn Complex with Nicotinoyl-Glycine

A novel manganese complex, C16H26MnN4O12, was synthesized by the reaction of nicotinoyl-glycine and NaOH in an ethanol/water solution and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis spectrum, IR spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal of the complex belongs to the triclinic space group P1 with a = 7.8192(16) A, b = 8.8800(18) A, c = 9.0142(18) A, α = 83.14(3)°, β = 65.27(3)°, γ = 81.67(3)°, V = 516.3(2) A3, Z = 1, Dx = 1.542 mg·m−3, μ = 0.66 mm−1, F(000) = 271, and final R1 = 0.0381, ωR2 = 0.0964. The nicotinoyl-glycine ligand acts as a bridging ligand to connect the manganese ions by the hydrogen interactions; thus, the complex expands into a 3D supramolecular net structure.
Current Understanding of BEOL TDDB Lifetime Models

We summarize the current understanding of BEOL TDDB lifetimes models. We first review long-term TDDB data studying the intrinsic reliability behavior of low-k materials, where imec’s so-called p-cap test vehicle was employed. Then, damascene data, where copper lines are integrated in the low-k materials, are discussed. When simply assuming that the electric field scales inversely proportional with spacing, not taking into account the impact of process variability like line-edge-roughness, line-to-line overlay errors and via-to-line misalignment, the impact damage model and the power law fit the available data in the best way over the wide range of applied fields. Finally, we discuss the eventual impact of this process variability on the assessment of life-time models and make recommendations for future work. © The Author(s) 2014. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is not changed in any way and is properly cited. For permission for commercial reuse, please email: oa@electrochem.org. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0101501jss] All rights reserved.
Concordance Among Three Diagnostic Procedures for Identifying Depression in Children and Adolescents with EBD

Fifty children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) were assessed for depression and comorbid disorders using a structured interview, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC), and a self-report measure of depression, the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). The resulting diagnoses and depression ratings were compared to those generated by experienced clinicians, and Kappa coefficients were derived from cross-tabulated frequencies of the DISC and clinician diagnoses. Diagnoses comparisons were made for 26 DSM-III-R categories and nine diagnostic classes. Diagnostic concordance was lowest for affective disorders, whereas higher concordance levels were identified for disruptive behavior and substance abuse disorders. Despite a sample with a high degree of comorbidity, 26% of the participants received no diagnosis on the DISC; however, the DISC generated a higher frequency and greater divergence of diagnoses per participant than did clinicians. The concordance among the three procedures was compared for affective disorders. MFQ total scores failed to discriminate individuals diagnosed with or without affective disorders by clinicians, but higher MFQ scores were obtained by the DISC for patients diagnosed with (versus without) affective disorders. MFQ scores did not discriminate individuals diagnosed with or without disruptive behavior or substance abuse disorders by either method. Overall, a higher level of concordance was observed between MFQ scores and DISC diagnoses than between either MFQ scores and clinician diagnoses or clinician and DISC diagnoses.
Integrating Multiple Knowledge Sources to Disambiguate Word Sense: An Exemplar-Based Approach

In this paper, we present a new approach for word sense disambiguation (WSD) using an exemplar-based learning algorithm. This approach integrates a diverse set of knowledge sources to disambiguate word sense, including part of speech of neighboring words, morphological form, the unordered set of surrounding words, local collocations, and verb-object syntactic relation. We tested our WSD program, named LEXAS, on both a common data set used in previous work, as well as on a large sense-tagged corpus that we separately constructed. LEXAS achieves a higher accuracy on the common data set, and performs better than the most frequent heuristic on the highly ambiguous words in the large corpus tagged with the refined senses of WORDNET.