Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grappling with the Unbearable Elusiveness of Entrepreneurial Opportunities

The notion of opportunity, as currently discussed in entrepreneurship research, is theoretically exciting but empirically elusive. This article seeks to stimulate a new conversation about entrepreneurial opportunities by distinguishing two conceptions of entrepreneurial behavior—formal and substantive—and situating the construct of opportunity within the latter. It discusses three substantive premises for studying opportunities empirically: (1) opportunity as happening; (2) opportunity as expressed in actions; and (3) opportunity as instituted in market structures. These premises stimulate research questions that can invigorate and expand the study of entrepreneurial opportunities. They invite a continuous dialogue between qualitative and quantitative methodologies in behalf of understanding how opportunities emerge and evolve at the level of individual entrepreneurs.
Self-defining memories during exposure to music in Alzheimer's disease

ABSTRACT Background: Research suggests that exposure to music may enhance autobiographical recall in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. This study investigated whether exposure to music could enhance the production of self-defining memories, that is, memories that contribute to self-discovery, self-understanding, and identity in AD patients. Methods: Twenty-two mild-stage AD patients and 24 healthy controls were asked to produce autobiographical memories in silence, while listening to researcher-chosen music, and to their own-chosen music. Results: AD patients showed better autobiographical recall when listening to their own-chosen music than to researcher-chosen music or than in silence. More precisely, they produced more self-defining memories during exposure to their own-chosen music than to researcher-chosen music or during silence. Additionally, AD patients produced more self-defining memories than autobiographical episodes or personal-semantics during exposure to their own-chosen music. This pattern contrasted with the poor production of self-defining memories during silence or during exposure to researcher-chosen music. Healthy controls did not seem to enjoy the same autobiographical benefits nor the same self-defining memory enhancement in the self-chosen music condition. Conclusions: Poor production of self-defining memories, as observed in AD, may somehow be alleviated by exposure to self-chosen music.
Incorporating Statistical Features in Convolutional Neural Networks for Question Answering with Financial Data

The goal of question answering with financial data is selecting sentences as answers from the given documents for a question. The core of the task is computing the similarity score between the question and answer pairs. In this paper, we incorporate statistical features such as the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) and the word overlap in convolutional neural networks to learn optimal vector representations of question-answering pairs. The proposed model does not depend on any external resources and can be easily extended to other domains. Our experiments show that the TF-IDF and the word overlap features can improve the performance of basic neural network models. Also, with our experimental results, we can prove that models based on the margin loss training achieve better performance than the traditional classification models. When the number of candidate answers for each question is 500, our proposed model can achieve 0.622 in Top-1 accuracy (Top-1), 0.654 in mean average precision (MAP), 0.767 in normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG), and 0.701 in bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU). If the number of candidate answers is 30, all the values of the evaluation metrics can reach more than 90%.
Prediction of the hydrodynamic noise of one certain frigate

In this paper, the prediction for the hydrodynamic noise of one certain frigate at the speed of 16Kn is made. The hydrodynamic noise is divided into the flow-induced noise and the noise from the flow-induced vibration to study separately. Firstly, the numerical simulation for the flow-induced noise is conducted by the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Boundary Element Method (BEM), and the flow noise distribution characteristics in steady state are analyzed from the horizontal and vertical direction. Then, the noise from the flow-induced vibration is studied using the Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). Finally, the complete hydrodynamic noise of the frigate is acquired by the stacking of the two results, which can be used to evaluate whether the design meets the requirements. The study of this paper can provide the reference for the prediction of the hydrodynamic noise and the further noise reduction to a degree.
Two analogy strategies: the cases of mind metaphors and introspection

ABSTRACT Analogical reasoning is often employed in problem-solving and metaphor interpretation. This paper submits that, as a default, analogical reasoning addressing these different tasks employs different mapping strategies. In problem-solving, it employs analogy-maximising strategies (like structure mapping, Gentner, D., & Markman, A. B. (1997). Structure mapping in analogy and similarity. American Psychologist, 52, 45–56); in metaphor interpretation, analogy-minimising strategies (like ATT-Meta, Barnden, J. A. (2015). Open-ended elaborations in creative metaphor. In T. R. Besold, M. Schorlemmer, & A. Smaill (Eds.), Computational creativity research: Towards creative machines (pp. 217–242). Berlin: Springer). The two strategies interact in analogical reasoning with conceptual metaphors. This interaction leads to predictable fallacies. The paper supports these hypotheses through case-studies on “mind” metaphors from ordinary discourse, and abstract problem-solving in the philosophy of mind, respectively. It shows that (1) default metaphorical interpretations for vision- and space-cognition metaphors can be derived with a variant of the analogy-minimising ATT-Meta approach, (2) philosophically influential introspective conceptions of the mind can be derived with conceptual metaphors only through an analogy-maximising strategy, and (3) the interaction of these strategies leads to hitherto unrecognised fallacies in analogical reasoning with metaphors. This yields a debunking explanation of introspective conceptions.
Cloud based Privacy Preserving efficient Document Storage and Retrieval Framework

The amount of data in the digital universe is growing at a rate of forty percent annually. This growth coupled with the power of the internet motivates several individuals and enterprises to store their data on the cloud. The cloud guarantees reliable storage and provides computational capabilities at low costs. However, the cloud also exposes the data and its users to various privacy and security vulnerabilities. We propose a document retrieval framework which searches on the encrypted data stored on the cloud while ensuring that the confidentiality of the data is not compromised. The privacy of the data during search and retrieval is ensured by deploying Privacy Preserving n-keyword search scheme. We have also investigated and implemented a Key Exchange Mechanism to ensure access control, thus providing a holistic solution encompassing authorization, access control and data privacy.
Using system dynamics for safety and risk management in complex engineering systems

This paper presents a new approach to modeling and analyzing organizational culture, particularly safety culture. We have been experimentally applying it to the NASA manned space program as part of our goal to create a powerful new approach to risk management in complex systems. We describe the approach and give sample results of its applications to understand the factors involved in the Columbia accident and to perform a risk analysis of the new Independent Technical Authority (ITA) structure for NASA, which was introduced to improve safety-related decision-making
To Trust or Not to Trust? Predicting Online Trusts Using Trust Antecedent Framework

This paper analyzes the trustor and trustee factors that lead to inter-personal trust using a well studied Trust Antecedent framework in management science \cite{mayer}. To apply these factors to trust ranking problem in online rating systems, we derive features that correspond to each factor and develop different trust ranking models. The advantage of this approach is that features relevant to trust can be systematically derived so as to achieve good prediction accuracy. Through a series of experiments on real data from Epinions, we show that even a simple model using the derived features yields good accuracy and outperforms MoleTrust, a trust propagation based model. SVM classifiers using these features also show improvements.
Anthracycline and trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. In the last twenty years early diagnosis, neoadjuvant and adjuvant systemic treatment that targeted to specific molecular targets have significantly reduced the mortality from breast cancer. However, the increase in survival has allowed to observe the cardiotoxic effects of anticancer therapy and increased mortality from cardiovascular causes, resulting in a large literature where experts try to identify the correct management of this critical problem. Even thought the increased attention in this field, many questions have not yet answers and new studies are needed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a broad search of the English-language literature in Medline using the following search terms: cardiotoxicity, anthracyclines, trastuzumab, breast cancer, left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure. A manual examination of the articles found has been performed. RESULTS We provide a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge about cardiotoxicity induced by anthracycline plus trastuzumab in women affected by breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Early identification and prompt treatment of subclinical cardiotoxicity may improve cardiologic prognosis of these patients and may allow oncologists to avoid withdrawal of chemotherapy. That is why it becomes always more important the creation of multidisciplinary teams where cardiologists and oncologists work together to ensure optimal care to oncologic patients treated with cardiotoxic agents.
Nasal and oral calls in mother and young trunk-nosed saiga antelopes, Saiga tatarica

The trunk-like nose of the saiga antelope Saiga tatarica is a striking example of an exaggerated trait, assumed to having evolved as a dust filter for inhaled air. In addition, it functions to elongate the vocal tract in harem saiga males for producing low-formant calls that serve as a cue to body size for conspecifics. This study applies the source–filter theory to the acoustics of nasal, oral and nasal-and-oral calls that were recorded from a captive herd of 24 mother and 32 neonate saigas within the first 10 days postpartum. Anatomical measurements of the nasal and oral vocal tracts of two specimens (one per age class) helped to establish the settings for the analysis of formants. In both mother and young, the lower formants of nasal calls/call parts were in agreement with the source–filter theory, which suggests lower formants for the longer nasal vocal tract than for the shorter oral vocal tract. Similar fundamental frequencies of the nasal and oral parts of nasal-and-oral calls were also in agreement with the source–filter theory, which postulates the independence of source and filter. However, the fundamental frequency was higher in oral than in nasal calls, probably due to the higher emotional arousal during the production of oral calls. We discuss production mechanisms and the ontogeny of formant patterns of oral and nasal calls among bovid and cervid species with and without a trunk-like nose.
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Pseudo-synesthesia through reading books with colored letters

Background: Synesthesia is a phenomenon where a stimulus produces consistent extraordinary subjective experiences. A relatively common type of synesthesia involves perception of color when viewing letters (e.g. the letter ‘a’ always appears as light blue). In this study, we examine whether traits typically regarded as markers of synesthesia can be acquired by simply reading in color. Methodology/PrincipalFindings: Non-synesthetes were given specially prepared colored books to read. A modified Stroop task was administered before and after reading. A perceptual crowding task was administered after reading. Reading one book ( . 49,000 words) was sufficient to induce effects regarded as behavioral markers for synesthesia. The results of the Stroop tasks indicate that it is possible to learn letter-color associations through reading in color ( F (1, 14) =5.85, p = . 030). Furthermore, Stroop effects correlated with subjective reports about experiencing letters in color ( r (13) =0.51, p =. 05). The frequency of viewing letters is related to the level of association as seen by the difference in the Stroop effect size between upper-and lower-case letters ( t (14) =2.79, p =. 014) and in a subgroup of participants whose Stroop effects increased as they continued to read in color. Readers did not show significant performance advantages on the crowding task compared to controls. Acknowledging the many differences between trainees and synesthetes, results suggest that it may be possible to acquire a subset of synesthetic behavioral traits in adulthood through training. Conclusion/Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of acquiring letter-color associations through reading in color. Reading in color appears to be a promising avenue in which we may explore the differences and similarities between synesthetes and non-synesthetes. Additionally, reading in color is a plausible method for a long-term ‘synesthetic’ training program.
GGA1 regulates signal-dependent sorting of BACE1 to recycling endosomes, which moderates Aβ production

The diversion of the β-secretase BACE1 from the endo-lysosomal pathway to recycling endosomes is important in the regulation of amyloid beta production. Here we define BACE1 transport from early to recycling endosomes and identify essential roles for the SNX4-mediated, signal-independent pathway and for a signal-mediated, GGA1-dependent pathway.
Transfer Learning of Artist Group Factors to Musical Genre Classification

The automated recognition of music genres from audio information is a challenging problem, as genre labels are subjective and noisy. Artist labels are less subjective and less noisy, while certain artists may relate more strongly to certain genres. At the same time, at prediction time, it is not guaranteed that artist labels are available for a given audio segment. Therefore, in this work, we propose to apply the transfer learning framework, learning artist-related information which will be used at inference time for genre classification. We consider different types of artist-related information, expressed through artist group factors, which will allow for more efficient learning and stronger robustness to potential label noise. Furthermore, we investigate how to achieve the highest validation accuracy on the given FMA dataset, by experimenting with various kinds of transfer methods, including single-task transfer, multi-task transfer and finally multi-task learning.
Factorial invariance and norms of the 30‐item shortened‐version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS‐30)

Abstract Background: Anxiety and depressive disorders are among the most common mental disorders during childhood and adolescence. As the 30‐item shortened version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS‐30) exhibits excellent psychometric properties, it is one of the most commonly used scales for the initial detection and assessment of these symptoms in children and adolescents. This is because of the advantage of its brevity when compared to the 47‐item version. The aim of this study was to analyse factorial invariance according to sex, age, and format used to administer the test, and to identify the RCADS‐30 subscales. Method: A sample of 3,708 Spanish children and adolescents aged between 7 and 18 years old (M = 12.0 years, SD = 2.8) participated in the study. Results: The factorial structure of the RCADS‐30 is invariant according to sex, age, and format used to administer the scale. Conclusions: The RCADS‐30 exhibited excellent factorial invariance for the variables analysed, confirming its usability for different types of sample and administration formats. Resumen Invarianza factorial y baremos de la versión reducida de 30 ítems de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS‐30). Antecedentes: los trastornos de ansiedad y depresión se encuentran entre los más comunes durante la infancia y la adolescencia. La versión reducida de 30 ítems de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale presenta propiedades psicométricas excelentes, lo que hace que sea una de las escalas más empleadas para la detección y evaluación inicial de estos síntomas en niños y adolescentes, con la ventaja de su brevedad frente a la versión original. El objetivo de este estudio es estudiar la invarianza factorial según sexo, edad y tipo de aplicación de la prueba e identificar los baremos de la RCADS‐30. Método: para ello, se empleó una muestra de 3.708 niños y adolescentes españoles entre 7 y 18 años de edad (M = 12,0 años; DT = 2,8). Resultados: los resultados obtenidos muestran que la estructura factorial de la RCADS es invariante en función del sexo, edad y modalidad de aplicación. Conclusiones: la RCADS‐30 ha mostrado una óptima invarianza factorial para las variables analizadas, lo que confirma la posibilidad de su empleo en diferentes tipos de muestra y modalidades de aplicación. Palabras clave: Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, niños, adolescentes, ansiedad, depresión.
The relative importance of vertical and horizontal visual cues in nest location by Megachile rotundata

SUMMARY We addressed the relative importance of vertical and horizontal visual cues in nest location by females of the solitary bee Megachile rotundata. We compared vertical versus horizontal displacements of a nest block in the first experiment and of a proximal landmark in the second experiment. In a third experiment, we removed either vertical or horizontal proximal landmarks. Bees responded to changes applied to the nesting area by increasing nest location time and displaying behaviours consistent with confusion (hovering flights, reorientation flights, wrong nest visitations). The nest block displacements revealed a higher level of disorientation with horizontal displacements than with vertical displacements. Proximal landmark displacements led to disorientation with a horizontal displacement, but not with a vertical displacement. Removing proximal landmarks elicited disorientation, regardless of the orientation of the remaining landmarks.
Cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation in children with ocular surface burns.

IMPORTANCE Although several reports are available on the use of conventional and cultured limbal epithelium using various substrates in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), the patient populations studied have been largely adults. Thus, to our knowledge, the outcomes of this procedure exclusively in a pediatric population have not been reported previously. OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes of autologous ex vivo cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET) in pediatric patients with LSCD after ocular burns. DESIGN AND SETTING A retrospective, interventional case series of patients treated at the L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India. PARTICIPANTS Children up to 15 years with LSCD secondary to chemical or thermal injury who underwent CLET from April 1, 2001, through June 31, 2010, with a follow-up of at least 1 year, were included in the study. INTERVENTION After a limbal biopsy specimen obtained from a healthy area of the limbus, the limbal epithelial cells were cultured on a denuded human amniotic membrane substrate using a xeno-free explant culture technique. A monolayer of cultivated epithelial cells along with the amniotic membrane was transplanted on the patient's affected eye after pannus excision. In cases of failure, the same procedure was repeated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Ocular surface stability and visual improvement were the primary and secondary outcome measures, respectively. Success was defined as a stable corneal epithelium without conjunctivalization. Eyes with conjunctivalization and persistent epithelial defects were classified as failures. RESULTS Of the 107 eyes of 107 patients included in this study, 73 eyes (68.2%) underwent 1 and 34 eyes (31.8%) underwent 2 autologous CLET procedures. At a mean follow-up of 3.4 years, 50 eyes (46.7%) achieved completely epithelialized, avascular, and stable ocular surfaces. At the final visit, 58 eyes (54.2%) had improvement in visual acuity of 0.2 or more logMAR units. CONCLUSIONS Autologous CLET was successful in restoring the ocular surface and improving vision in almost half of the children blinded by ocular burns.
A new weight freezing method for reducing training time in designing artificial neural networks

The paper presents a novel weight freezing (NWF) method to reduce training time in designing artificial neural networks (ANNs). The idea behind NWF is to freeze input weights of a hidden node when its output does not change much in the successive few training epochs. Theoretical and experimental studies reveal that some hidden nodes of an ANN maintain almost constant output after some training epochs, while others continuously change during the whole training period. Our preliminary results indicate the effectiveness of NWF to reduce training time in designing ANNs.
Relations between language and cognition in native‐signing children with autism spectrum disorder

Two populations have been found to exhibit delays in theory of mind (ToM): deaf children of hearing parents and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Deaf children exposed to sign from birth by their deaf parents, however, show no such delay, suggesting that early language exposure is key to ToM development. Sign languages also present frequent opportunities with visual perspective‐taking (VPT), leading to the question of whether sign exposure could benefit children with ASD. We present the first study of children with ASD exposed to sign from birth by their deaf parents. Seventeen native‐signing children with a confirmed ASD diagnosis and a chronological‐ and mental age‐matched control group of 18 typically developing (TD) native‐signing deaf children were tested on American Sign Language (ASL) comprehension, two minimally verbal social cognition tasks (ToM and VPT), and one spatial cognition task (mental rotation). The TD children outperformed the children with ASD on ASL comprehension (p < 0.0001), ToM (p = 0.02), and VPT (p < 0.01), but not mental rotation (p = 0.12). Language strongly correlated with ToM (p < 0.01) and VPT (p < 0.001), but not mental rotation (p = ns). Native exposure to sign is thus insufficient to overcome the language and social impairments implicated in ASD. Contrary to the hypothesis that sign could provide a scaffold for ToM skills, we find that signing children with ASD are unable to access language so as to gain any potential benefit sign might confer. Our results support a strong link between the development of social cognition and language, regardless of modality, for TD and ASD children. Autism Res 2016, 9: 1304–1315. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.