Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Treadmill Sprint Training and Resistance Training on Maximal Running Velocity and Power

Ross, RE, Ratamess, NA, Hoffman, JR, Faigenbaum, AD, Kang, J, and Chilakos, A. The effects of treadmill sprint training and resistance training on maximal running velocity and power. J Strength Cond Res 23(2): 385-394, 2009-The purpose of the present study was to examine the independent and combined effects of resistance and treadmill sprint training on maximal sprint velocity and power. Twenty-five male athletes (age = 19.8 ± 1.5 years, height = 181.2 ± 7.9 cm, body mass = 88.9 ± 10.9 kg) were matched for 30-m sprint times and assigned to 1 of 3 training groups: 1) sprint training only (ST), 2) resistance training only (RT), or 3) combined sprint and resistance training (SRT) for 7 weeks. Periodized resistance training was performed 4 d·wk−1 (3-4 sets of 6-10 repetitions). The treadmill sprint training program was performed 2 d·wk−1 and consisted of 8-12 sets of maximal sprints for 40-60 m at 0-25% of each athlete's body mass, with rest intervals of 2-3 minutes on a treadmill that was user driven and that enabled loading via a magnetic braking system. Peak 30-m sprint times, power and average velocity attained during maximal sprint trials on the treadmill, and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) squat were determined pre and post training. The 30-m sprint times improved significantly only in the SRT group, and a trend for improvement (p = 0.06) was observed in the ST group. All groups significantly increased treadmill sprint velocity. However, the SRT and ST groups increased significantly more than RT. Only the SRT group increased treadmill sprint peak power. All training groups increased 1RM squat strength significantly by 6.6-8.4 kg, with no differences observed between groups. The results of this study showed that 7 weeks of sprint training on a newly designed treadmill resulted in significant kinematic and kinetic improvements in sprint performance. Of practical significance, treadmill sprint training enhanced land-based sprint performance.
Ten novel mutations in the erythroid transcription factor KLF1 gene associated with increased fetal hemoglobin levels in adults

We investigated whether mutations in the KLF1 gene are associated with increased Hb F levels in ethnically diverse patients referred to our laboratory for hemoglobinopathy investigation. Functionally effective KLF1 mutations were identified in 11 out of 131 adult samples with an elevated Hb F level (1.5–25.0%). Eleven different mutations were identified, 9 of which were previously unreported. KLF1 mutations were not identified in a matched cohort of 121 samples with normal Hb F levels (<1.0%). A further novel KLF1 mutation was also found in a sickle cell disease patient with a Hb F level of 20.3% who had a particularly mild phenotype. Our results indicate KLF1 mutations could make a significant contribution to Hb F variance in malarial regions where hemogobinopathies are common. All the mutations identified were heterozygous providing further in vivo evidence that a single altered KLF1 allele is sufficient to increase Hb F levels.
Prognostic significance of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers e-cadherin, vimentin and twist in bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to utilize long-term patient follow-up to determine whether epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers can predict bladder cancer patient survival and progression of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 121 patients with bladder cancer. Sixty-four of these patients presented with non-muscle invasive (NMI, stage T1) bladder cancer and 57 with muscle invasive (MI, stage T2, T3). The patients were diagnosed and treated between May 1998 and July 2012. The EMT markers E-cadherin, Twist, and Vimentin were detected via immunohistochemistry. Univariate and multivariate/Cox analyses were then utilized to determine whether these EMT markers could be useful prognostic markers for predicting bladder cancer patient outcomes. RESULTS Analysis of the 121 bladder cancer patients in this study revealed that the frequency of E-cadherin expression was 59.5% (72/121), Twist was 54.5% (66/121), and Vimentin was 24.8% (30/121). Twist and Vimentin were found to have statistically significant correlations with grade, recurrence, and progression but not with stage, whereas E-cadherin was associated with stage but not with the other parameters. In the univariate analysis, grade (p = 0.02) was the only significant predictor for progression-free survival (PFS). Stage, grade, and expression of E-cadherin, Vimentin and Twist were included in the multivariate analysis of predicting PFS. In this analysis, grade (p = 0.01) and Vimentin expression (p = 0.001) were found to be significant prognostic factors in predicting PFS. CONCLUSIONS Grade and Vimentin are potential independent indicators in predicting bladder cancer progression and survival.
Foreign Multinationals and Local Firms in Vietnam's Economic Transition *

This paper compares the economic performance of foreign multinational corporations (MNC) and local firms in Vietnam, distinguishing between two distinct types of local firms: state-owned enterprises (SOE) and non-SOE. Between the mid-1990s and 2000, foreign MNC in Vietnam's economy grew very rapidly, but their growth has been much slower thereafter. Consistent with the theoretical suggestion that MNC possess relatively large amounts of firm-specific assets related to production technology, marketing networks and management know-how, these comparisons suggest that foreign MNC were generally larger and had higher labor productivity, capital intensity, wage levels, investment propensities and trade propensities than non-MNC. On the other hand, foreign MNC tended to have relatively low capital productivity and wage shares of value added, while results regarding profitability were mixed. In general, these differentials tended to be relatively small between foreign MNC and SOE, and SOE tended to be larger than foreign MNC in terms of employment. Correspondingly, comparisons of foreign MNC with non-MNC generally revealed more consistent differences, largely because the local private sector is still very underdeveloped in Vietnam. Copyright 2004 East Asian Economic Association.
Managing Multisite Nonprofits

Multisite nonprofit systems are organized in a variety of ways, ranging from central control to local control. Regardless of where a system falls along this organizational continuum, inevitable tensions emerge in the relationship between headquarters and the local organization. The purpose of this article is to understand the causes of these tensions and to offer management action that, regardless of the organizational structure, leads to greater system cohesion. Our exploration was facilitated by intense field research at five multisite systems: Outward Bound USA, Planned Parenthood, Habitat for Humanity, SOS Kinderdorf, and The Nature Conservancy. Our investigation suggests that multisite system behavior may be mapped on two dimensions—one that exerts forces toward unit autonomy and the other influencing the degree of organizational affiliation. These forces are associated with a host of organizational functions that are the traditional domains of management to influence and shape and thereby enable a multisite nonprofit to simultaneously optimize the benefits of organizational affiliation and unit autonomy.
DAMPAK PENYAATAN DAN NILAI WAJAR OPSI PADA PENGARUH MAGNITUDA KOMPENSASI PROGRAM OPSI SAHAM KARYAWAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN LABA

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether management who find stock-based compensation which relatively big proportion to manage earnings information prior to grant date and after grant date. While, this study also investigate whether management manage factors of timing and option pricing model. This paper contributes to that stream of accounting research by identifying several factors to manage earnings. While, this study also identify the difference behavior of every step stock option offering. The study finds that executives have ability to manage information around option grant date to find benefit stock price decreases before the grant date and by stock price increases after the grant date. The effect is stronger when executives release earnings before option grant date for period prior to ESOP. While, for period after ESOP, the effect is stronger with manage fair value factors are stock price volatility, but not support for the risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. Finally, type of earnings management behavior both income decreasing and income increasing effect option intrinsic value, and relatively big stock option proportion find bigger gain. The general conclusion is that magnitude of ESOP compensation effect earnings management behavior with supported by several conditional factors.
Size-dependent resistance of protected areas to land-use change

One of the major threats facing protected areas (PAs) is land-use change and habitat loss. We assessed the impact of land-use change on PAs. The majority of parks have been effective at protecting the ecosystems within their borders, even in areas with significant land-use pressures. More in particular, the capacity of PAs to slow down habitat degradation and to favour habitat restoration is clearly related to their size, with smaller areas that on average follow the dominant land-use change pattern into which they are embedded. Our results suggest that small parks are not going to be viable in the long term if they are considered as islands surrounded by a ‘human-dominated ocean’. However, small PAs are, in many cases, the only option available, implying that we need to devote much more attention to the non-protected matrix in which PAs must survive.
Listening to the Salmon People: Coastal First Nations' Objectives Regarding Salmon Aquaculture in British Columbia

ABSTRACT The growth of salmon aquaculture on British Columbia's Pacific Coast is a source of substantial public controversy. Coastal indigenous people (First Nations), who have derived their culture and livelihood from wild salmon fisheries for thousands of years, have much at stake regarding salmon farm development in their traditional territories. This article considers the values of First Nations people regarding salmon aquaculture. It uses value-focused thinking, a problem-structure method from applied decision analysis, to characterize First Nations values about salmon aquaculture sites and facilities. It draws on interviews with First Nations people in four coastal communities, each of which has a different level of involvement in salmon aquaculture. The results can be used to create more attractive alternatives and to define information requirements for aquaculture decisions. The findings are an attempt to identify the criteria that should matter from the views of Coastal First Nations when making decisions about aquaculture development.
Covered Call Option Writing

S ince the inception of the Chicago Board Options Exchange in April, 1973, the listed options market has been the fastest growing segment of the securities industry. It is surely noteworthy that a previously little known and, in fact, suspect form of security the call option could have such unprecedented growth in popularity in so short a time. Indeed, options volume has increased from about 1% of total equity share volume (by underlying shares affected) prior to the advent of the listed options market, to more than 50% today. ' This has been accomplished with only a limited number of optionable stocks and, until recently, using only one of the two types of options. Yet, even with this growing acceptance of options, there is still much that we don't know about options or can't agree on. For example, almost all investors are now aware of what options are and how they are traded, but the majority probably still does not fully understand how options are used other than as a tool of speculation. Many investors who use options and are considered knowledgeable about them are uncertain about the relative attractiveness of the various options strategies, or are concerned that the extra time and expense these strategies require may effectively negate any added benefits that might otherwise be provided. In short, even those investors who presently employ options, including professional money managers, are really only vaguely aware of what the longer range consequences of their use of options will be . 2 The purpose of this paper is to help remedy this situation with regard to a particular options strategy
Human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells respond to interaction with Entamoeba histolytica by changes in morphology, integrin signalling and cell death

Invasive infection with Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal and hepatic amoebiasis. In liver, parasites cross the endothelial barrier before abscess formation in the parenchyma. We focussed on amoebae interactions with human hepatic endothelial cells, the latter potentially playing a dual role in the infection process: as a barrier and as modulators of host defence responses. We characterized early responses of a human liver sinusoidal endothelial cell line to virulent and virulence‐attenuated E. histolytica. Within the first minutes human cells start to retract, enter into apoptosis and die. In the presence of virulent amoebae, expression of genes related to cell cycle, cell death and integrin‐mediated adhesion signalling was modulated, and actin fibre, focal adhesion kinase and paxillin localizations changed. Effects of inhibitors and amoeba strains not expressing pathogenic factors amoebapore A and cysteine protease A5 indicated that cell death and cytoskeleton disorganization depend upon parasite adhesion and amoebic cysteine proteinase activities. The data establish a relation between cytotoxic effects of E. histolytica and altered human target cell adhesion and suggest that interference with adhesion signalling triggers endothelial cell retraction and death. Understanding the roles of integrin signalling in endothelial cells will provide clues to unravel host–pathogen interactions during amoebic liver infection.
Financial Constraints for Investment in Brazil

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to verify the existence of financial constraints for investment in Brazil, an emerging market with growing international visibility. Design/methodology/approach - – Using panel data methodology and generalized method of moments (GMM), the paper estimates dynamic investment models based on the Euler equation and Tobin's Findings - – Results show that Brazilian firms face financial constraints since their investments depend on internally generated funds. Results are robust to different investment models based on the Euler equation, also controlling for growth opportunities. Significant investment-cash flow sensitivity has been found for the whole sample of firms. Subsamples of firms considered as under financial constraints, according to dividend payout and equity issuance policies, have higher investment-cash flow sensitivity. Investment-cash flow sensitivity of financially constrained firms in Brazil is higher than that in the UK and in Romania, a transition economy. Originality/value - – The results extend empirical evidence of financial constraints in Brazil. The paper contributes to the literature by assessing the firms’ financial constraint status on an annual basis, and by using panel data methodology and GMM to estimate dynamic models of investment that take into account the proposals of the hierarchy of finance theory. In addition, the paper controls for growth opportunities. Capital market imperfections affect firm investment in Brazil and such effects are even stronger for financially constrained firms.
Voltage Source Circuit Based on CMOS Floating-Gate Memory

This paper present a new circuit designed to support high accuracy reference voltages over a nearly full range of the power supply. To achieve this, the circuit is designed to be efficient utilizing a CMOS floating gate memory fabricated in 1.2 mum CMOS process. The memory stores voltages as charge on the floating gate of a pMOS transistor. The output voltages of the circuit are easily programming by simply modifying the value of the floating gate through the tunnelling and injection hot electrons mechanisms. Also, the circuit can drive a resistive load with the advantage of reduced both silicon area and dissipated power on chip.
Selectivity Estimation and Query Optimization in Large Databases with Highly Skewed Distribution of Column Values

When column values in a large dat.abase follow highly skewed distributions (such as Zipf distributions, typi( ally found in textual dnt,abascs), qnery optimizers in c111 rem relat.ional syst,ems often fail to choose optimal query plans cvcn for simple single-relation queries. The rtrnjor cause of these optil+rization failures is incorrect predicate selectivity estimation; the likelihood and cost of such errors are quantified. A scheme for adding userclrfin~~d selectivity estimators to a relational DBMS is propc,. :cd. The paper defines a series of new selectivity estimation methods that work well with highly skewed v&e distributions and then compares them to currently used methods such as uniform approximation and histograms. Empirical data from a large bibliographic database is used throughout the a.nalyses in this paper.
9-Ethynyl-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-dicarba-closo-dodecaborane (1,2-Me2-9-HC C-closo-1,2-C2B10H9)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C6H16B10, contains one molecule that is close to possessing a non-crystallographic plane of mirror symmetry in the space group Pna21. The orientation of the molecules in the orthorhombic cell shows that the structure can not be described in the space group Pnma, which has the same systematic absence conditions. The long inner-cluster C—C distance of 1.510 (5) Å is typical for {1,2-Me2-closo-1,2-C2B10} derivatives.
The Market Pricing of Earnings Quality

We provide large sample evidence on whether the equity and debt markets impound information about the quality of earnings. We examine eight proxies for earnings quality (four based on the modified Jones approach to estimating abnormal accruals; three based on the Dechow and Dichev [2002] approach which relates working capital accruals to cash flows; and one based on a factor analysis of the other seven). Across all eight metrics, we find that firms with lower quality earnings have higher costs of capital as evidenced by lower debt ratings, larger realized costs of debt, larger industry-adjusted earnings-price ratios, larger equity betas, and positive loadings on an earnings quality factor added to one-factor and three-factor asset pricing regressions. The documented effects are statistically significant and economically meaningful: The results show, for example, that firms with the best earnings quality enjoy discounts of 80-160 basis points in their costs of debt and 150-300 basis points in their costs of equity relative to firms with the poorest earnings quality.
DANIEL: A Deep Architecture for Automatic Analysis and Retrieval of Building Floor Plans

Automatically finding out existing building layouts from a repository is always helpful for an architect to ensure reuse of design and timely completion of projects. In this paper, we propose Deep Architecture for fiNdIng alikE Layouts (DANIEL). Using DANIEL, an architect can search from the existing projects repository of layouts (floor plan), and give accurate recommendation to the buyers. DANIEL is also capable of recommending the property buyers, having a floor plan image, the corresponding rank ordered list of alike layouts. DANIEL is based on the deep learning paradigm to extract both low and high level semantic features from a layout image. The key contributions in the proposed approach are: (i) novel deep learning framework to retrieve similar floor plan layouts from repository; (ii) analysing the effect of individual deep convolutional neural network layers for floor plan retrieval task; and (iii) creation of a new complex dataset ROBIN (Repository Of BuildIng plaNs), having three broad dataset categories with 510 real world floor plans.We have evaluated DANIEL by performing extensive experiments on ROBIN and compared our results with eight different state-of-the-art methods to demonstrate DANIEL’s effectiveness on challenging scenarios.
Impact of communication constraints on consensus finding in multi-agent systems

In this work we examine the influence of harsh communication conditions on cooperative consensus finding in multi-agent systems. We investigate the impact of network topology on the convergence behavior of cooperative consensus finding. Analysis of the effect of packet error rates on convergence speed and convergence error are carried out in simulations. We propose a model to determine the best number of communication links an agent should maintain in order to find the best tradeoff between spatial coverage and convergence speed. We use these results in our communication-aware mobility algorithms for unmanned aerial systems to actively influence the vehicles' network topology. Experimental implementations show that already small amounts of packet errors disable the agents to find the correct average consensus using well-known consensus algorithms. Consequently, we propose a novel consensus protocol which reliably converges to the average value of the initial agent states. Our results have been obtained using simulations and a hardware testbed.
What Do Farmers Want From Agri‐Environmental Scheme Design? A Choice Experiment Approach

Agri-environmental schemes (AES) have had a limited effect on European agriculture due to farmers' reluctance to participate. Information on how farmers react when AES characteristics are modified can be an important input to the design of such policies. This article investigates farmers' preferences for different design options in a specific AES aimed at encouraging nitrogen fixing crops in marginal dry-land areas in Spain. We use a choice experiment survey conducted in two regions (Aragon and Andalusia). The analysis employs an error component random parameter logit model allowing for preference heterogeneity and correlation amongst the non-status quo alternatives. Farmers show a strong preference for maintaining their current management strategies; however, significant savings in cost or increased participation can be obtained by modifying some AES attributes. Â© 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation Â© 2010 The Agricultural Economics Society.
Heat transfer enhancement in micro-scale air flows

The aim of the present study is to extend air-cooling capabilities. A method of generating an unsteady vortical flow within small annular channels is introduced and studied numerically. The addition of an orifice at the entrance to the channel generates a propagating train of vortex rings that induces the continuous eruption of hot air from the wall region into the core flow. The overall effect is significant transverse convection even in laminar flows and enhancement of heat transfer. The effect of the orifice diameter is studied in detail. The method is very appealing for extending cooling capabilities of heat-sinks based on air, but it works similarly well for single phase flow of liquid. An increase of almost two-fold in the heat dissipation relative to a standard microchannel can be obtained. Heat dissipation of 8watt/cm2 per contact area can be anticipated using a single layer of the proposed air-based orificed-microchannel.