Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Influencing Factors of Comprehensive Water Consumption by Impulse Response Function Analysis

Jiangsu is a major province located in the east of China, consuming a large amount of water resources. It is considered that improving the comprehensive water use efficiency has an important significance to achieve sustainable development of the economy in Jiangsu. Through extensive literature research and investigation of Jiangsu Province, this paper establishes comprehensive water use efficiency index system using water consumption per ten thousand dollar gross domestic product (WC/$104 GDP) as the research target. In the index system, resource factors such as surface water resources (SW), groundwater resources (GW), precipitation (PT), water resources per capita (PW), water consumption per capita (PC) and irrigation area per capita (PI) cannot be artificially altered. Furthermore, the variation amplitude of resource factors is very small. It shows that the linear regression model is not suitable to analyze the resource factors by changing the independent variables. In view of this situation, this paper introduces impulse response function on the basis of vector autoregressive model (VAR) to investigate the intrinsic link between resource factors and WC/$104 GDP in Jiangsu Province. The results show that resource factors have a great impact on WC/$104 GDP in Jiangsu, and the per capita water resources (PW) has the most significant impact.
AMIS Plus: Swiss registry of acute coronary syndrome

AIMS of AMIS Plus To learn from each other, to understand the transfer, use and practicability of knowledge gained from randomised trials and to generate input for subsequent prospective and randomised studies. Furthermore, to determine how adherence to guideline-based treatments in the ‘real world’ works. Funding AMIS Plus is an industry-sponsored project but the supporting institutions do not play any part in the design of the registry, data collection, analysis or interpretation. Quality-of-care interventions AMIS Plus data enable doctors to identify deficits in medical care, implement the necessary changes in diagnostics and therapeutic procedures and document their impact on clinical outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Setting From 106 hospitals treating ACS in Switzerland, 76 hospitals temporarily or continuously enrolled patients in AMIS Plus. Years: 1997– Population Patients are included on the basis of their final diagnosis. Current number of cases: 33 040. Start points ST elevation myocardial infarction, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and since 2000, unstable angina. Baseline data 230 variables are collected including demographics, medical history, cardiovascular risk factors, acute symptoms, time of symptom onset, first medical contact, time of admission and start of thrombolysis or balloon, out of hospital management, clinical presentation, early in-hospital management, reperfusion treatment, hospital course, diagnostic tests used or planned, hospital length of stay, discharge medication, destination and at 1 year, outcome, rehospitalisation, intervention, working time and quality of daily life. Data capture Data are provided through an internet- or paper-based questionnaire completed by the treating doctor or a trained study nurse. Data quality The data are centralised at the AMIS Plus Data Center, checked for plausibility and consistency and crosschecked when queries arise. Incomplete questionnaires are returned to the enrolment centres for completion. One-third of the variables are obligatory. End point and linkages to other data In-hospital outcome, 3-months and 1-year follow-up outcome. No linkages exist at present. Access to data Available for research with the approval of the AMIS Plus Steering Committee. Participating hospitals use the data for benchmarking and their own quality control.
Multifluorescence emission of several novel phthalocyanines as potential photodynamic diagnosis materials

Two kinds of novel phthalocyanines: tetra-azobenzene substituted phthalocyanine (metal free and with zinc as centric atom) and novel polymeric phthalocyanine carboxyl based on pentaerythritol framework (with ytterbium and aluminum as centric atoms) have been synthesized and their electronic adsorption and emission spectrum haven been investigated in water solution and organic solvent. Both synthesized compounds can emit two fluorescence peaks when excited at low wavelength (below 400nm) and one emission peak when excited at long wavelength (higher than 600 nm). For polymeric aluminum phthalocyanine carboxyl, in pH7.4 buffer solution, when excited at 330nm, beside normal fluorescence peak at 720nm, a second emission peak appears at 455nm. The emission at 720 nm can be intensified by addition of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) while the peak at 455nm does not. The fluorescence quantum yield of two emission peaks is 0.35 (720nm em, 635nm ex) and 0.33 (455nm em, 330nm ex), respectively. This equivalent multi-emission phenomenon by different excited wavelength indicates well applied potential in dual-wavelength photodynamic diagnose and fluorescence imagination.
CRYPTOCHROME2 in Vascular Bundles Regulates Flowering in Arabidopsis

Plants make full use of light signals to determine the timing of flowering. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a blue/UV-A photoreceptor, CRYPTOCHROME 2 (cry2), and a red/far-red photoreceptor, PHYTOCHROME B (phyB), are two major photoreceptors that control flowering. The light stimuli for the regulation of flowering are perceived by leaves. We have recently shown that phyB expression in mesophyll but not in vascular bundles suppresses the expression of a key flowering regulator, FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), in vascular bundles. In this study, we asked where in the leaf cry2 perceives light stimuli to regulate flowering. To answer this question, we established transgenic Arabidopsis lines in which the cry2–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion was expressed under the control of organ/tissue-specific promoters in a cry2-deficient mutant background. Analysis of these lines revealed that expression of cry2-GFP in vascular bundles, but not in epidermis or mesophyll, rescued the late flowering phenotype. We further confirmed that cry2-GFP expressed in vascular bundles increased FT expression only in vascular bundles. Hence, in striking contrast with phyB, cry2 most likely regulates FT expression in a cell-autonomous manner.
Disease burden evaluation of fall-related events in the elderly due to hypoglycemia and other diabetic complications: a clinical review

A hypoglycemia-induced fall is common in older persons with diabetes. The etiology of falls in this population is usually multifactorial, and includes microvascular and macrovascular complications and age-related comorbidities, with hypoglycemia being one of the major precipitating causes. In this review, we systematically searched the literature that was available up to March 31, 2014 from MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar using the following terms: hypoglycemia; insulin; diabetic complications; and falls in elderly. Hypoglycemia, defined as blood glucose <4.0 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) requiring external assistance, occurs in one-third of elderly diabetics on glucose-lowering therapies. It represents a major barrier to the treatment of diabetes, particularly in the elderly population. Patients who experience hypoglycemia are at a high risk for adverse outcomes, including falls leading to bone fracture, seizures, cognitive dysfunction, and prolonged hospital stays. An increase in mortality has been observed in patients who experience any one of these events. Paradoxically, rational insulin therapy, dosed according to a patient’s clinical status and the results of home blood glucose monitoring, so as to achieve and maintain recommended glycemic goals, can be an effective method for the prevention of hypoglycemia and falls in the elderly. Contingencies, such as clinician-directed hypoglycemia treatment protocols that guide the immediate treatment of hypoglycemia, help to limit both the duration and severity of the event. Older diabetic patients with or without underlying renal insufficiency or other severe illnesses represent groups that are at high risk for hypoglycemia-induced falls and, therefore, require lower insulin dosages. In this review, the risk factors of falls associated with hypoglycemia in elderly diabetics were highlighted and management plans were suggested. A target hemoglobin A1c level between 7% and 8% seems to be more appropriate for this population. In addition, the first-choice drugs should have good safety profiles and have the lowest probability of causing hypoglycemia – such as metformin (in the absence of significant renal impairment) and incretin enhancers – while other therapies that may cause more frequent hypoglycemia should be avoided.
Inclusion of Frequency-Dependent Soil Parameters in Transmission-Line Modeling

This paper presents an analysis of transmission-line modeling when the soil conductivity and permittivity are treated as frequency dependent. It also presents a methodology to include this particular behavior on frequency-dependence realization of transmission lines and cables. The frequency-dependent soil parameters can be synthesized with a simple first-order model. It demands only three parameters statistically independent, one being associated with the low-frequency conductivity as obtained in conventional modeling and the other two are a function of the frequency dependence in soil conductivity and permittivity. The new formulas used for the ground return impedances for overhead lines and underground cables are presented. Instead of using an analytical approximation of the infinite integrals involved, a numerical approximation using a Gauss quadrature technique was implemented. These expressions can be understood as an extension of the well-known Carson and Pollaczek formulas. Three distinct cases are presented in order to asses the impact of frequency-dependent soil parameters with respect to the asymmetry of the circuit. The effect of frequency dependence in soil parameters is evaluated using frequency and time domain. In the frequency domain, modal analysis is applied to assess the overall impact in the ground mode propagation. To obtain the time-domain response, the line was modeled in the frequency domain using a phase-domain approach and a numerical Laplace transform was applied
Constant Modulus Beamforming via Convex Optimization

We present novel convex-optimization-based solutions to the problem of blind beamforming of constant modulus signals, and to the related problem of linearly constrained blind beamforming of constant modulus signals. These solutions ensure global optimality and are parameter free, namely, do not contain any tuneable parameters and do not require any a-priori parameter settings. The performance of these solutions, as demonstrated by simulated data, is superior to existing methods.
Correlates of Treatment Patterns Among Youth With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE To describe treatment regimens in youth with type 2 diabetes and examine associations between regimens, demographic and clinical characteristics, and glycemic control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This report includes 474 youth with a clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes who completed a SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study visit. Diabetes treatment regimen was categorized as lifestyle alone, metformin monotherapy, any oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) other than metformin or two or more OHAs, insulin monotherapy, and insulin plus any OHA(s). Association of treatment with demographic and clinical characteristics (fasting C-peptide [FCP], diabetes duration, and self-monitoring of blood glucose [SMBG]), and A1C was assessed by χ2 and ANOVA. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate independent associations of treatment regimens and A1C, adjusting for demographics, diabetes duration, FCP, and SMBG. RESULTS Over 50% of participants reported treatment with metformin alone or lifestyle. Of the autoantibody-negative youth, 40% were on metformin alone, while 33% were on insulin-containing regimens. Participants on metformin alone had a lower A1C (7.0 ± 2.0%, 53 ± 22 mmol/mol) than those on insulin alone (9.2 ± 2.7%, 77 ± 30 mmol/mol) or insulin plus OHA (8.6 ± 2.6%, 70 ± 28 mmol/mol) (P < 0.001). These differences remained significant after adjustment (7.5 ± 0.3%, 58 ± 3 mmol/mol; 9.1 ± 0.4%, 76 ± 4 mmol/mol; and 8.6 ± 0.4%, 70 ± 4 mmol/mol) (P < 0.001) and were more striking in those with diabetes for ≥2 years (7.9 ± 2.8, 9.9 ± 2.8, and 9.8 ± 2.6%). Over one-half of those on insulin-containing therapies still experience treatment failure (A1C ≥8%, 64 mmol/mol). CONCLUSIONS Approximately half of youth with type 2 diabetes were managed with lifestyle or metformin alone and had better glycemic control than individuals using other therapies. Those with longer diabetes duration in particular commonly experienced treatment failures, and more effective management strategies are needed.
A decentralized recommender system for effective web credibility assessment

An overwhelming and growing amount of data is available online. The problem of untrustworthy online information is augmented by its high economic potential and its dynamic nature, e.g. transient domain names, dynamic content, etc. In this paper, we address the problem of assessing the credibility of web pages by a decentralized social recommender system. Specifically, we concurrently employ i) item-based collaborative filtering (CF) based on specific web page features, ii) user-based CF based on friend ratings and iii) the ranking of the page in search results. These factors are appropriately combined into a single assessment based on adaptive weights that depend on their effectiveness for different topics and different fractions of malicious ratings. Simulation experiments with real traces of web page credibility evaluations suggest that our hybrid approach outperforms both its constituent components and classical content-based classification approaches.
Cladding Tube Deformation Test for Stress Reorientation of Hydrides

The phenomenon of stress reorientation of hydrides in fuel cladding tubes was studied with the help of a test technique named as the “cladding tube deformation test” (CTDT). Unirradiated Zircaloy-2 (Zry-2) cladding tube specimens charged with 250 ppm of hydrogen were tested. The test consisted of heating specimens to 400°C and then cooling them down to room temperature at cooling rates of 0.7°C/min and 2°C/min. During the cooling phase, a constant tensile load was applied to specimens with the help of two inner cylinder halves. The stress-strain fields developed in the tube specimen were calculated with the help of the finite element method (FEM). Post-testing metallographic observations revealed considerable amount of hydrides oriented radially as a result of loading. Lengths and relative position of all hydride bands were determined through a semi-automatic image processing technique. Mapping of FEM calculated stress field on the metallographic section helped to determine a stress threshold value of 72 MPa. Tests performed with a cooling rate 2°C/min showed a considerably lower extent of hydride reorientation. The above test technique was validated by performing internal pressurization tests using pre-hydrided Zry-2 cladding tubes. The external diameter of the tube was tapered by fine turning in order to exert different uniform hoop stress values on different cross sections of the tube. Internal pressurization tests were performed with a maximum temperature of 400°C and a cooling rate of 0.5°C/min. Post-testing metallographic observations on several cross sections of the specimen revealed a stress reorientation threshold of 65 MPa. Percentage of radially oriented hydrides as well as their lengths increased with the stress level until it reached a plateau. Further tests were carried out with the CTDT technique on specimens with H2 content ranging from 560 ppm to 750 ppm. These results revealed a reorientation stress threshold of around 120 MPa for higher hydrogen content.
Raman spectroscopy methods for investigating supported lipid bilayers

This work is centred on the development of Raman spectroscopy methods for investigating supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). These nanoscale, biological structures have found wide application as models of cellular membranes in many areas of scientific research. They consist of phospholipid molecules that self-organise into bilayer structures containing phase-separated microdomains, which play an important role in many biological processes. SLBs are well-defined and stable under a variety of conditions, allowing characterisation with a broad range of physical methods. However, many of these techniques provide purely a visualisation of the surface or disturb the bilayer with labelling. Raman spectroscopy can offer a non-invasive chemical and structural analysis of SLBs and microdomains. A Raman microspectroscopy (RMS) system with integrated atomic force microscope (AFM) has been developed and characterised for studying SLBs. This experimental setup combines the benefits of Raman spectroscopy with the high spatial resolution of confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the incorporation of AFM makes it possible to directly correlate chemical information and spatial features. Experiments are carried out to determine the capabilities of this system for investigating SLBs. A variety of substrates are considered for this application and only prolonged expose to high laser powers is found to have any effect on the Raman spectrum of lipids. However, a single SLB cannot be detected with RMS, so focus turns to employing scatteringenhancing techniques. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates formed by nanosphere lithography (NSL) are developed to be used with the combined AFM-Raman system. Simultaneous topographical imaging and highsensitivity chemical mapping of molecular monolayers deposited across these substrates reveals the distribution and magnitude of electric field enhancement that they can provide. These measurements are supported by calculations and finite element method (FEM) simulations. Then similar experiments are performed on substrates covered with a bilayer of fatty acid molecules. Considering the close similarities between these molecules and phospholipids, this demonstrates the potential of combined AFM and SERS with NSL substrates for detecting SLBs and imaging the phase-separated microdomains they form. Finally, functionalised AFM probes are developed for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) using dielectrophoresis (DEP). This phenomenon is generated within a conductive AFM setup to guide nanoparticles towards an AFM probe to cluster and grow at its tip apex. This growth is monitored with force spectroscopy and a variety of imaging parameters. The probes are then analysed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to confirm the accumulation of nanoparticles on the tip both physically and chemically. The TERS activity of these functionalised probes is investigated with the combined AFM-Raman system, which demonstrates an enhancement of scattering when the tip apex of the probe and the laser are aligned.
Pyogenic Sacroiliitis in Children: Two Case Reports

Pyogenic sacroiliitis is rare and accounts for approximately 1-2% of osteoarticular infections in children. Considerable delay between presentation and diagnosis is recognized. Two cases of pyogenic sacroiliitis are described. The first case is a 28-month-old girl presented with acute onset of fever, pain in the left hip, and limpness. Computed tomography (CT), bone scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis showed characteristic findings of infectious sacroiliitis, and blood cultures were negatives. The second case is a 13-year-old girl presented with acute onset of fever, pain in the right hip, and buttock, with inability to walk. The diagnosis of pyogenic sacroiliitis was confirmed by bone scans, and CT of the pelvis and blood cultures have identified Proteus mirabilis. The two children recovered fully after 6 weeks of antimicrobial therapy. Pyogenic sacroiliitis is an uncommon disease in children. The key to successful management is early diagnosis in which CT, bone scans, and MRI findings play a crucial role. If the diagnosis is established promptly, most patients can be managed successfully with antimicrobial therapy.
Ecological and socioeconomic effects of China's policies for ecosystem services

To address devastating environmental crises and to improve human well-being, China has been implementing a number of national policies on payments for ecosystem services. Two of them, the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) and the Grain to Green Program (GTGP), are among the biggest programs in the world because of their ambitious goals, massive scales, huge payments, and potentially enormous impacts. The NFCP conserves natural forests through logging bans and afforestation with incentives to forest enterprises, whereas the GTGP converts cropland on steep slopes to forest and grassland by providing farmers with grain and cash subsidies. Overall ecological effects are beneficial, and socioeconomic effects are mostly positive. Whereas there are time lags in ecological effects, socioeconomic effects are more immediate. Both the NFCP and the GTGP also have global implications because they increase vegetative cover, enhance carbon sequestration, and reduce dust to other countries by controlling soil erosion. The future impacts of these programs may be even bigger. Extended payments for the GTGP have recently been approved by the central government for up to 8 years. The NFCP is likely to follow suit and receive renewed payments. To make these programs more effective, we recommend systematic planning, diversified funding, effective compensation, integrated research, and comprehensive monitoring. Effective implementation of these programs can also provide important experiences and lessons for other ecosystem service payment programs in China and many other parts of the world.
Forensic Reconstruction and Analysis of Residual Artifacts from Portable Web Browser

In order to protect sensitive information, users have started to effect changes in their often overlooked surfing habit. Portable web browser is considered as one of the techniques which provide the much desired user privacy. Yet it poses a great challenge to forensic investigators who tries to reconstruct the past browsing history, in case of any computer incidence. This research paper examines the residual traces left over by Portable Google Chrome browser. It also proposes a methodology that will help investigators to effectively analyze activities associated with portable web browser with respect to incidence response. Furthermore, it examines the IconCache database file, for its evidential potential. The reconstruction of residual artifacts left on the victim computer by this browser which can serve as evidence that is admissible in court of law is also discussed. General Terms Digital Investigation, Portable Browser Forensics, User Privacy