Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of the Catatonic Syndrome in an Acute Inpatient Sample

Objective: In this exploratory open label study, we investigated the prevalence of catatonia in an acute psychiatric inpatient population. In addition, differences in symptom presentation of catatonia depending on the underlying psychiatric illness were investigated. Methods: One hundred thirty patients were assessed with the Bush–Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Simpson–Angus Scale. A factor analysis was conducted in order to generate six catatonic symptom clusters. Composite scores based on this principal component analysis were calculated. Results: When focusing on the first 14 items of the BFCRS, 101 patients (77.7%) had at least 1 symptom scoring 1 or higher, whereas, 66 patients (50.8%) had at least 2 symptoms. Interestingly, when focusing on the DSM-5 criteria of catatonia, 22 patients (16.9%) could be considered for this diagnosis. Furthermore, different symptom profiles were found, depending on the underlying psychopathology. Psychotic symptomatology correlated strongly with excitement symptomatology (r = 0.528, p < 0.001) and to a lesser degree with the stereotypy/mannerisms symptom cluster (r = 0.289; p = 0.001) and the echo/perseveration symptom cluster (r = 0.185; p = 0.035). Similarly, manic symptomatology correlated strongly with the excitement symptom cluster (r = 0.596; p < 0.001) and to a lesser extent with the stereotypy/mannerisms symptom cluster (r = 0.277; p = 0.001). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of catatonic symptomatology. Depending on the criteria being used, we noticed an important difference in exact prevalence, which makes it clear that we need clear-cut criteria. Another important finding is the fact that the catatonic presentation may vary depending on the underlying pathology, although an unambiguous delineation between these catatonic presentations cannot be made. Future research is needed to determine diagnostical criteria of catatonia, which are clinically relevant.
Least-Squares Fitting of Two 3-D Point Sets

Two point sets {pi} and {p'i}; i = 1, 2,. , N are related by p'i = Rpi + T + Ni, where R is a rotation matrix, T a translation vector, and Ni a noise vector. Given {pi} and {p'i}, we present an algorithm for finding the least-squares solution of R and T, which is based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) of a 3 × 3 matrix. This new algorithm is compared to two earlier algorithms with respect to computer time requirements.
Theorizing with / out B Mediators ^

Mediation is one of the most often cited concepts in current culturalhistorical theory literature, in which cultural actions and artifacts are often characterized as mediators standing between situational stimuli and behavioral responses. Most often presented as a means to overcome Cartesian dualism between subject and object, and between individual and society, some scholars have nonetheless raised criticism suggesting that such mediators are problematic for a dialectical psychology that takes a unit analysis (monist) approach. In fact, Spinoza develops a monist theory of mind and body that goes without and even excludes every form of mediation. In this study, we follow up on the latter criticisms and explore what we consider to be problematic uses of the notion of mediation as an analytical construct in the literature. We elaborate an empirically grounded discussion on the ways the concept of mediation may lead to dualistic readings; and we offer an alternative account where the notion of mediator is not needed. We conclude discussing prospects for and implications of a culturalhistorical theory where the notion of mediation no longer is invoked to account for human action and development.
Intracellular S1P Generation Is Essential for S1P-Induced Motility of Human Lung Endothelial Cells: Role of Sphingosine Kinase 1 and S1P Lyase

Background Earlier we have shown that extracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) induces migration of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) through the activation of S1P1 receptor, PKCε, and PLD2-PKCζ-Rac1 signaling cascade. As endothelial cells generate intracellular S1P, here we have investigated the role of sphingosine kinases (SphKs) and S1P lyase (S1PL), that regulate intracellular S1P accumulation, in HPAEC motility. Methodology/Principal Findings Inhibition of SphK activity with a SphK inhibitor 2-(p-Hydroxyanilino)-4-(p-Chlorophenyl) Thiazole or down-regulation of Sphk1, but not SphK2, with siRNA decreased S1Pint, and attenuated S1Pext or serum-induced motility of HPAECs. On the contrary, inhibition of S1PL with 4-deoxypyridoxine or knockdown of S1PL with siRNA increased S1Pint and potentiated motility of HPAECs to S1Pext or serum. S1Pext mediates cell motility through activation of Rac1 and IQGAP1 signal transduction in HPAECs. Silencing of SphK1 by siRNA attenuated Rac1 and IQGAP1 translocation to the cell periphery; however, knockdown of S1PL with siRNA or 4-deoxypyridoxine augmented activated Rac1 and stimulated Rac1 and IQGAP1 translocation to cell periphery. The increased cell motility mediated by down-regulation was S1PL was pertussis toxin sensitive suggesting “inside-out” signaling of intracellularly generated S1P. Although S1P did not accumulate significantly in media under basal or S1PL knockdown conditions, addition of sodium vanadate increased S1P levels in the medium and inside the cells most likely by blocking phosphatases including lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). Furthermore, addition of anti-S1P mAb to the incubation medium blocked S1Pext or 4-deoxypyridoxine-dependent endothelial cell motility. Conclusions/Significance These results suggest S1Pext mediated endothelial cell motility is dependent on intracellular S1P production, which is regulated, in part, by SphK1 and S1PL.
Coping With Noise in a Real-World Weblog Crawler and Retrieval System

In this paper we examine the effects of noise when creating a real-world weblog corpus for information retrieval. We focus on the DiffPost (Lee et al. 2008) approach to noise removal from blog pages, examining the difficulties encountered when crawling the blogosphere during the creation of a real-world corpus of blog pages. We introduce and evaluate a number of enhancements to the original DiffPost approach in order to increase the robustness of the algorithm. We then extend DiffPost by looking at the anchor-text to text ratio, and discover that the time-interval between crawls is more important to the successful application of noise-removal algorithms within the blog context, than any additional improvements to the removal algorithm itself.
INTEGRATING REAL-OPTIONS REASONING AND THE INNOVATION DIFFUSION CURVE FOR DECISION MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY

Dynamic innovation processes are combined for complex technological advances bring about decision-making under uncertainty. This paper reflects the case of strategic decision-making on a technology development project using real options reasoning. Like investment options in financial markets real options introduce explicit risk measures for possible alternatives. Managerial decisions on innovation processes, however, as well entail understanding the inherent characteristics and environments risks of an innovation option. The paper therefore explores conceptual integration of options reasoning with innovation diffusion theory for the modelling of complex innovation processes that better masters the inherent uncertainty of innovation processes.
A Comparison of Clustering and Scheduling Techniques for Embedded Multiprocessor Systems

In this paper we extensively explore and illustrate the effectiveness of the two-phase decomposition of scheduling — into clustering and cluster-scheduling or merging — and mapping task graphs onto embedded multiprocessor systems. We describe efficient and novel partitioning (cluster- ing) and scheduling techniques that aggressively streamline interprocessor communication and can be tuned to exploit the significantly longer compilation time that is available to embedded system design- ers. The increased compile-time tolerance results because embedded multiprocessor systems are typi- cally designed as final implementations for dedicated functions. While multiprocessor mapping strategies for general-purpose systems are usually designed with low to moderate complexity as a con- straint, embedded system design tools are allowed to employ more thorough and time-consuming opti- mization techniques (32). We implement a framework for performance comparison of guided probabilistic-search algorithms against deterministic algorithms. We also present an experimental setup for determining the importance of different phases in scheduling and the effect of different approaches in achieving the final results.
Visualizing communication structures in science classrooms: Tracing cumulativity in teacher‐led whole class discussions

Teacher-led whole class discussions are essential when it comes to guiding students' construction of knowledge, and recent studies on teaching and learning emphasize the need for more student-centered teaching methods. In previous studies, the extent to which different types of communication take place in the classroom have been extensively reported by means of lists, tables, and charts, yet these studies have not included overviews of how talk develops and progresses over time. This study addresses this aspect by presenting how different communicative approaches constitute a specific, cumulative communication structure. Within this structure, the role and temporal considerations of a dialogic approach to teaching are examined within a teaching sequence on the topic of electrical power and energy. The case data were analyzed on multiple levels. First, teaching sequences were presented graphically to provide a broader picture of the communicational orientation of the overall lesson. Second, a detailed analysis of dialogic interactions was executed to understand the quality and role of these interactions on a broader communicational level. This multilevel analysis provides insights into the different purposes and quality of dialogic implementation in terms of the cumulative and meaningful learning of science. Implications for teaching and teacher education and educational research are also discussed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 50: 912–939, 2013
How can preregistration contribute to research in our field

Comprehensive Results in Social Psychology (CRSP) is a novel journal for preregistered research (so-called registered reports, RR) in the field of social psychology. It offers RR-only publications, with the possibility of adding exploratory analysis and data as well. After submission of introduction, hypotheses, methods, procedure, and analysis plan, submitted manuscripts are reviewed prior to data collection. If the peer review process results in a positive evaluation of the manuscript, an initial publication agreement (IPA) is issued upon which publication of the manuscript (given adherence to the registered protocol) independent of the obtained results is possible. CRSP seeks to complement the publication options in our field by making transparent confirmatory and exploratory research possible.
Adaptive relay setting for flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS)

Summary form only given as follows. The paper presents an apparent impedance calculation procedure for the distance relaying of power transmission lines involving FACTS devices, particularly the UPFC (unified power flow controller). The presence of UPFC significantly affects the trip boundaries which are also adversely affected by fault resistance combined with remote end infeed. Depending on the UPFC location, the trip boundary is influenced by the fault location, prefault condition, the arc fault resistance and the parameters of the UPFC itself (series voltage magnitude and phase angle). The adaptive nature of this protection scheme necessitates the use of a neural network for generation of trip boundaries.
Fast rates for support vector machines using Gaussian kernels

For binary classification we establish learning rates up to the order of n −1 for support vector machines (SVMs) with hinge loss and Gaussian RBF kernels. These rates are in terms of two assumptions on the considered distributions: Tsybakov’s noise assumption to establish a small estimation error, and a new geometric noise condition which is used to bound the approximation error. Unlike previously proposed concepts for bounding the approximation error, the geometric noise assumption does not employ any smoothness assumption. 1. Introduction. In recent years support vector machines (SVMs) have been the subject of many theoretical considerations. Despite this effort, their learning performance on restricted classes of distributions is still widely unknown. In particular, it is unknown under which nontrivial circumstances SVMs can guarantee fast learning rates. The aim of this work is to use concepts like Tsybakov’s noise assumption and local Rademacher averages to establish learning rates up to the order of n −1 for nontrivial distributions. In addition to these concepts that are used to deal with the stochastic part of the analysis we also introduce a geometric assumption for distributions that allows us to estimate the approximation properties of Gaussian RBF kernels. Unlike many other concepts introduced for bounding the approximation error, our geometric assumption is not in terms of smoothness but describes the concentration and the noisiness of the data-generating distribution near the decision boundary. Let us formally introduce the statistical classification problem. To this end let us fix a subset X ⊂ R d . We write Y := {−1,1}. Given a finite training set
Calling by Domestic Piglets during Simulated Crushing and Isolation: A Signal of Need?

This study examined whether piglet distress vocalizations vary with age, body weight and health status, according to the predictions of the honest signalling of need evolutionary model. Vocalizations were recorded during manual squeezing (a simulation of being crushed by mother sow) and during isolation on Days 1 and 7 after birth in piglets from 15 litters. We predicted that during squeezing, younger, lighter and sick piglets would call more intensely because they are in higher risk of dying during crushing and therefore they benefit more from the sow’s reaction to intensive vocalization. For isolation, we predicted that lighter and younger piglets would call more because they are more vulnerable to adverse effects of the separation. Calls were analyzed in their time and frequency domain. The rate of calling, call duration, proportion of high-pitched calls and eight acoustic parameters characterizing frequency distribution and tonality were used as indicators of acoustic signalling intensity. Piglets that experienced “squeezing” on Day 1 produced more intense acoustic distress signalling than on Day 7. Lighter piglets called more during squeezing than heavier piglets. Health status did not significantly affect any of the indicators of intensity of vocalization during squeezing. In isolation, none of the parameters of vocalization intensity were affected either by the age or by the weight of the piglets. In summary, the model of honest signalling of need was confirmed in the squeezed situation, but not in the isolation situation.
Maltreatment, psychiatric symptoms and human immunodeficiency virus/sexual transmitted infection risk behavior among youth with alcohol and other drug use problems: A person-centered analysis

OF THE DISSERTATION MALTREATMENT, PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS AND HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS/SEXUAL TRANSMITTED INFECTION BEHAVIOR AMONG YOUTH WITH ALCOHOL OR OTHER DRUG USE PROBLEMS: A PERSON-CENTERED ANALYSIS by Assaf Oshri Florida International University, 2009 Miami, Florida Professor Jonathan Tubman, Major Professor Multi-problem youth undergoing treatment for substance use problems are at high behavioral risk for exposure to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Specific risk factors include childhood adversities such as maltreatment experiences and subsequent forms of psychopathology. The current study used a person-centered analytical approach to examine how childhood maltreatment experiences were related to patterns of psychiatric symptoms and HIV/STI risk behaviors in a sample of adolescents (N = 408) receiving treatment services. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews at two community-based facilities. Descriptive statistics and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) were used to (a) classify adolescents into groups based on past year psychiatric symptoms, and (b) examine relations between class
Probing the conformation of the resting state of a bacterial multidrug ABC transporter, BmrA, by a site‐directed spin labeling approach

Previously published 3‐D structures of a prototypic ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporter, MsbA, have been recently corrected revealing large rigid‐body motions possibly linked to its catalytic cycle. Here, a closely related multidrug bacterial ABC transporter, BmrA, was studied using site‐directed spin labeling by focusing on a region connecting the transmembrane domain and the nucleotide‐binding domain (NBD). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of single spin‐labeled cysteine mutants suggests that, in the resting state, this sub‐domain essentially adopts a partially extended conformation, which is consistent with the crystal structures of MsbA and Sav1866. Interestingly, one of the single point mutants (Q333C) yielded an immobilized EPR spectrum that could arise from a direct interaction with a vicinal tyrosine residue. Inspection of different BmrA models pointed to Y408, within the NBD, as the putative interacting partner, and its mutation to a Phe residue indeed dramatically modified the EPR spectra of the spin labeled Q333C. Moreover, unlike the Y408F mutation, the Y408A mutation abolished both ATPase activity and drug transport of BmrA, suggesting that a nonpolar bulky residue is required at this position. The spatial proximity of Q333 and Y408 was also confirmed by formation of a disulfide bond when both Q333 and T407 (or S409) were replaced jointly by a cysteine residue. Overall, these results indicate that the two regions surrounding Q333 and Y408 are close together in the 3‐D structure of BmrA and that residues within these two sub‐domains are essential for proper functioning of this transporter.
Correspondence of Self- and Observer-rated Depression Using the BDI-II and BDI-II-O

This study describes the development, reliability, and validity of a new observer-rated version of the Beck Depression Inventory – Second Edition (BDI-II). This measure, called the Beck Depression Inventory – II – Observer (BDI-II-O), is identical in form, content, and scoring to the BDI-II, and allows informants to report on the depressive symptoms of others. The informants for this initial study were clinicians; however, the BDI-II-O is designed for use by a wider range of informants. A group of four clinicians completed the BDI-II-O on each of 36 adult psychiatric patients in an intensive outpatient/partial hospitalization program. The patients completed the BDI-II, and scores were compared between the patient and clinician groups, as well as between clinicians. The BDI-II-O demonstrated high internal consistency (r = .96) and test-retest reliability (r = .88). Results from an exploratory cluster analyses indicated that a two-cluster solution optimally summarized the data for the BDI-II-O, although a one cluster solution was salient for the BDI-II. Results showed a moderate level of correlation between patient and clinician ratings (r = .59) a high level of interrater reliability between the four clinicians (ICC = .88). Overall results supported the preliminary reliability and validity of the BDI-II-O as an observer rated measure of depressive severity, and suggested that further study of the BDI-II-O is warranted. Selfand observer-rated depression vi
Readability and Patient Education Materials Used for Low-Income Populations

More than 90 million Americans have low levels of health literacy that may contribute to poor health outcomes. Assessment of the readability of patient education materials (PEMs) is a vital component of health education. Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the readability of PEMs used in community healthcare settings serving low-income populations to provide further insight into the complex area of health literacy. Design: A descriptive, correlational, and nonexperimental design was used for this study. Setting: The setting for this study was 5 free and low-cost community clinics in a Midwestern urban area. Sample: Thirty-five unique PEMs produced by professional sources (government agencies, drug companies, and state/national organizations) or by providers comprised the final sample. Methods: Readability was measured using Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Flesch-Kincaid, and Flesch Reading Ease. Significance was determined through t tests and Spearman &rgr; correlations. Findings: Variability in grade levels was noted using all measures. Mean Flesch-Kincaid grade level was 7.01, and that for SMOG was 9.89. Mean level for Flesch Reading Ease was 63.40, an estimated eighth and ninth grade level. The SMOG consistently measured 2 to 4 grades levels higher than did Flesh-Kincaid. Professionally developed PEMs had significantly higher reading levels using both SMOG and Flesch-Kincaid and were more difficult to read using Flesch Reading Ease when compared with those prepared by individual providers. Conclusions: Patient education materials were written at a level too high for the average adult. All PEMs should be analyzed carefully to ensure that they are at the recommended fifth grade level. Further understanding of available measures of readability is critical in the creation and/or assessment of PEMs that will strengthen services from safety net providers and support positive health outcomes. Implications: Nurses must expand their knowledge of all aspects of literacy and readability and take a proactive role in assessment and development of PEMs. Further research is needed to determine the best readability measures.
‘It’s lots of bits of paper and ticks and post‐it notes and things . . .’: a case study of a rapid application development project

This paper reports an in‐depth case study of a rapid application development (RAD) project. RAD is a recent information systems development method noted for its high levels of user involvement and use of iterative prototyping. The paper develops a model of the core features of RAD gleaned from literature such as that published on the dynamic systems development method (DSDM). We report an ethnographic study of a RAD project and use this case material to contrast the theory with the practice of RAD. We conclude the paper with a consideration of a number of possible revisions to the prescriptions of RAD and also discuss the role of RAD within the broader context of IS development.
OSPF Version 2

This memo documents version 2 of the OSPF protocol. OSPF is a link-state routing protocol. It is designed to be run internal to a single Autonomous System. Each OSPF router maintains an identical database describing the Autonomous System's topology. From this database, a routing table is calculated by constructing a shortest- path tree.