Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ship Routing and Scheduling: Status and Perspectives

The objective of this paper is to review the current status of ship routing and scheduling. We focus on literature published during the last decade. Because routing and scheduling problems are closely related to many other fleet planning problems, we have divided this review into several parts. We start at the strategic fleet planning level and discuss the design of fleets and sea transport systems. We continue with the tactical and operational fleet planning level and consider problems that comprise various ship routing and scheduling aspects. Here, we separately discuss the different modes of operations: industrial, tramp, and liner shipping. Finally, we take a glimpse at naval applications and other related problems that do not naturally fall into these categories. The paper also presents some perspectives regarding future developments and use of optimization-based decision-support systems for ship routing and scheduling. Several of the trends indicate both accelerating needs for and benefits from such systems and, hopefully, this paper will stimulate further research in this area.
Protecting Databases from Malicious Discovery through Automated Similarity Queries

Abstract : Companies, hospitals, and research laboratories in certain domains have developed extensive databases, such as clinical databases, as part of their research or daily activities. The entities that have developed these databases may wish to lease or allow use parts of the database by external users. Due to the significant time and monetary investment in the development of the databases, and the proprietary or the private nature of the data itself, they may not want to sell or allow access to the entire database. However we show that such databases are vulnerable to reverse engineering using popularly employed similarity-based queries. We identify some important security issues related to k-NN search and investigate their vulnerabilities against users who try to copy the database by sending automated queries. We analyze two models for similarity search, namely reply model and score model. Reply model responds with the k tuples that most closely match the query according to some metric, and score model responds with only the score of similarity search which provides more power in preserving the privacy. For these models we analyze possible attack methodologies and develop strategies that can be used to detect the potential attacks. We state the limits of protection provided by each query response model, and also provide techniques to guard the database against malicious discovery.
Women and Menopause: Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behaviors. The North American Menopause Society 1997 Menopause Survey

OBJECTIVE The main purpose in organizing this survey was to collect information relevant to The North American Menopause Society's (NAMS) educational mission and to document women's knowledge of, and attitudes toward, menopause. DESIGN During June-July 1997, The Gallup Organization conducted 750 telephone interviews with a randomly selected sample of women 45-60 years of age from across the United States. Women were asked about their sources of information on menopause, what changes in health they anticipated as a result of menopause, why they used hormone therapy, and their attitudes toward menopause as a natural or a medical event. RESULTS Women are more likely to believe that depression and irritability are associated with menopause than heart disease, but only a few associate menopause with an increasing vulnerability to either memory loss or Alzheimer's disease. Relief of physical symptoms of menopause was mentioned as the reason for starting hormone therapy more often than to protect against osteoporosis (25% relative to 15%), or to prevent stroke or a heart attack (10%), or to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (2%). The single main source of women's information on menopause was a health professional (49%). The majority of women who were already menopausal or experiencing menstrual changes expressed an attitude toward menopause that was either neutral (42%) or positive (36%). CONCLUSIONS Women are divided in their views of menopause, some seeing it as a medical condition requiring medical treatment, whereas others see it as a natural transition to be managed by "natural" means. Providing women with accurate, up-to-date information and enhancing communication between healthcare providers and menopausal women remain the challenges for NAMS.
Excited state and charge-carrier dynamics in perovskite solar cell materials

Organo-metal halide perovskites (OMHPs) have attracted enormous interest in recent years as materials for application in optoelectronics and solar energy conversion. These hybrid semiconductors seem to have the potential to challenge traditional silicon technology. In this review we will give an account of the recent development in the understanding of the fundamental light-induced processes in OMHPs from charge-photo generation, migration of charge carries through the materials and finally their recombination. Our and other literature reports on time-resolved conductivity, transient absorption and photoluminescence properties are used to paint a picture of how we currently see the fundamental excited state and charge-carrier dynamics. We will also show that there is still no fully coherent picture of the processes in OMHPs and we will indicate the problems to be solved by future research.
A 3D IC BIST for pre-bond test of TSVs using ring oscillators

3D stacked integrated circuits based on Through Silicon Vias (TSV) are promising with their high performances and small form factor. However, these circuits present many test issues, especially for TSVs. In this paper we propose a novel Built-In-Self-Test (BIST) architecture for pre-bond testing of TSVs in 3D stacked integrated circuits. The main idea is to measure the variation of TSVs capacitances in order to detect defective TSVs. The BIST architecture is based on ring oscillators, frequencies of which depend on TSVs capacitances. The proposed BIST is integrated within the JTAG standard. This paper presents spice simulation results and logic synthesis results of the proposed TSV ring oscillator structure using a 65 nm CMOS technology, including 10 μm diameter TSV middle technology. Due to local process variations, the proposed test architecture is limited in accuracy; it detects only large capacitive faults on TSVs.
Integrating Social and Economic Models of Responding to Privacy Messages in Mobile Computing: A Research Agenda

Mobile computing has provided technology to an unprecedented user base and has created a market for applications that is expected to reach $77 billion by 2017, involving over 268 billion downloads. Nearly every download involves privacy messages that request permissions to access information such as contact, calendar, and location information. Recent cases have revealed that users are often surprised when they discover the permissions they have granted, which implies that not everyone reads them carefully. In this paper we propose a research agenda focusing on the decisions that users make about those permissions requests. Several theories provide promising antecedents to explain acceptance of privacy permissions. Nine propositions are presented, with three from each research bases from social, economic, and cognitive perspectives. The research agenda thus is a combination hybrid social/economic/cognitive approach. The agenda complements extant research that has focused on privacy calculus theory.
Controversy-Aware Hybrid Trust Inference in Online Social Networks

Social interactions assume a central role in everyday life of people strongly connected through online social networks and web communities. Trust can be used as a filter to the increasing flow of information, experiences and opinions exchanged among users. In the absence of direct relations, trust inference algorithms can be exploited in order to estimate missing trust values. However, controversial situations can easily arise from the subjectivity of trust opinions, when the lack of agreement leads to ambiguity and uncertainty in the inferred trust. In this work, we propose a novel trust inference algorithm, named TrustZic, which aims at improving the performance of trust inference in controversial conditions by combining local and global trust aspects. The proposed approach is based on the use of global reputation values as node weights biasing a local trust inference process. Experimental evaluation has shown the significance of our approach and its effectiveness in supporting trust decisions in critical situations characterized by a high level of controversy.
Integrating SAR and optical imagery for regional mapping of paddy rice attributes in the Poyang Lake Watershed, China

The development of agricultural monitoring tools is a focus of the Group on Earth Observations for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). This requires combining synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical satellite sensors to provide more meaningful information in an operational context. The goal of this research was to characterize paddy rice agro-ecological attributes in an operational context. A decision tree framework combined multitemporal and multiscale PALSAR, MODIS, and Landsat observations to map rice extent, hydroperiod, crop calendar, and cropping intensity. The study was carried out in the Poyang Lake Watershed, Jiangxi Province, China. A multiseason field campaign was carried out to calibrate algorithms and validate the rice maps. The field data corresponded relatively well with the remote sensing metrics and validation found that the derived rice paddy maps possessed a high overall accuracy of 89%. The rice maps indicate that the watershed has 25% rice agriculture with 85% of all paddies undergoing a double-crop management pattern. Remotely sensed metrics showed that inundation periods for early rice were typically twice as long as inundation periods between crops, which corresponded to site level measurements at double crop locations. Using hydroperiod and crop intensity information a crop calendar indicated that the day of year (DOY) planting and harvesting activities was typically around DOY 77 and 329, respectively. The automated approach combining SAR and optical platforms with continental-scale acquisition strategies might allow for large-area, operational agricultural rice mapping. This can contribute to a GEOSS framework for improved agricultural monitoring.
Dealing with censorship in neural network models

Feedforward neural networks have recently been considered as nonlinear tools for modelling survival data. This requires handling censorship, since it is inherent in many such studies, including survival following breast cancer surgery which is the subject of this study. Previous survival studies with neural networks have concentrated on modelling survival beyond a single time interval, or have extended the Cox regression model with separate output nodes for each time interval, often ignoring censorship altogether. There is evidence to suggest that ignoring censored data can introduce significant bias into the estimates of survival. We report a survival model using a traditional MLP architecture, where the issue of censorship has been removed from the network structure and dealt as part of the data structure. We also show two coding methods for missing data which are tested to investigate their effect on the accuracy of survival estimates.
A study on microvascular density in breast carcinoma

Background: Breast Cancer is the most frequent neoplasm causing death in women between 35-55 years of age. Of the Prognostic indicators existing for breast cancer, axillary lymph node status has been regarded as the most important one. Twenty to thirty percent of all lymph node negative patients will still develop a recurrence of the disease within 10 years of initial treatment. Therefore, a new prognostic marker that could identify patients at high risk of tumor recurrence more accurately than existing indicators would be of great value, one potential indicator is tumor-induced angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: This is a six months prospective (January 2010-June 2010) and 1 year retrospective (Jan2009-Dec2009) study which included thirty five breast cancer cases visiting the Surgical OPD. Angiogenesis was estimated by determining micro vessel counting after immune staining the paraffin embedded tissue sections using anti-CD34 antibody. Results: Age of the patients ranged from 25 to 80 years with a mean age of 45.48 years. Most of the cases were infiltrating ductal carcinoma comprising of 33 cases (94.28%). Three cases (9.10%) showed vascular invasion by the tumor. Majority showed (63.64%) vessel count of less than 200 per 10 high power fields. Conclusion: Micro vascular density positively correlated with size of the tumor, lymph nodes involved by the tumor and Nottingham prognostic index. In the future, Antibodies specific to proliferating endothelium, together with the development of automated image analysis, may improve the accuracy and value of measuring angiogenesis-induced microvessel density . DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/jpn.v4i7. 10315 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2014) Vol. 4 , 570-575
Antecedents of initial trust in the online peer-to-peer lending marketplace

Online market for peer to peer (P2P) lending is the marketplace where individuals can make unsecured online microloans to other individual borrowers. Such marketplace has experienced significant growth since its inception in 2005. However, the factors that drive people to lend online are still under limited study. This paper examines the possible influential factor of social capital and disposition on lenders' trust toward borrowers on the P2P lending market. The results reveal that, the more structural and relational social capital a borrower gain, the more trust he/she can obtain from lenders, moreover, lenders' disposition will also has a significant influence on trust. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Electrochemical real-time monitoring of isothermal nucleic acid amplification for quantitative analysis

Label-free miniaturized electrochemical devices have been developed to monitor the nucleic acid amplification. We successfully monitored released protons during amplification reaction in real-time manner using miniaturized pH sensors and demonstrated quantitative detection of nucleic acid. Because the sensitivity of ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) (-58.0 mV/pH) and iridium/ iridium oxide (Ir/IrOx) electrode (-57.4 mV/pH) as a pH sensor showed close values to theoretical value (-59.2 mV/pH), the combination between isothermal nucleic acid amplification and the electrochemical detection was compatible with potentially stable measurement. The proposed system would be cost-effective and portable, and potentially implemented in clinical use such as diagnosis of infectious disease and cancer.
Physiological correlates of 2-mile run performance as determined using a novel on-demand treadmill.

The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of an on-demand motorised treadmill to measure 2-mile (3.2 km) race performance and to examine the physiological variables that best predict this free-running performance in active men. Twelve men (mean (SD): age, 28 (9) years; stature, 1.79 (0.05) m; body mass, 72 (9) kg) completed the study in which maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max), running economy, and running speedin the abstract section. They appear in the rest of the paper. ), running economy, and running speed at VO2 max (vVO2 max), lactate threshold (vLT), and 4 mmol.L-1 fixed blood lactate concentration (v4) were measured. Subsequently, the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) was identified using a series of 30-min treadmill runs. Finally, each participant completed a 2-mile running performance trial on 2 separate occasions, using an on-demand treadmill that adjusts belt speed according to the participant's position on the moving belt. The average 2-mile run speed was 15.7 (SD, 1.9) km.h-1, with small individual differences between repeat-performance trials (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99, 95% CI 0.953 to 0.996; standard error of measurement as coefficient of variation = 1.5%, 95% CI 1.0% to 2.5%). Bivariate regression analyses identified VO2 max, vVO2 max, VO2 (mL.kg-1.min-1) at MLSS, vLT, v4, and velocity at MLSS (vMLSS) as the strongest individual predictor variables (r2 = 0.69 to 0.87; standard error of the estimate = 1.08 to 0.72 km.h-1) for 2-mile running performance. The vLT and vMLSS explained 85% and 87% of the variance in running performance, respectively, suggesting that there is considerable shared variance between these parameters. In conclusion, the on-demand treadmill system provided a reliable measure of distance running performance. Both vLT and vMLSS were strong predictors of 2-mile running performance, with vMLSS explaining marginally more of the variance.
The Stroop effect: brain potentials localize the source of interference.

The P300 component of the event-related brain potential was used in conjunction with reaction time to identify the locus of interference on the Stroop color-word test. Whereas response time varied with the congruence between the stimulus word and the color in which it was printed, the duration of stimulus processing, as indexed by P300 latency, remained constant. The results indicate that response competition is the primaiy source of Stroop interference.
Metabolic changes in normal-appearing white matter in patients with neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: a comparative magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Background Previous studies with a small sample size have not reported metabolic changes in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Metabolic changes, such as decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA), are well-established in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It remains unknown whether different patterns of metabolic changes occur in NMO and MS. Purpose To investigate the metabolic changes in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in NMO, compared with MS patients and healthy controls (HC), and correlate these changes with clinical disability. Material and Methods We recruited 27 patients with NMO, 24 patients with MS, and 24 HC. Each participant underwent chemical shift imaging with a 1H-MR spectroscopy operating in a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. The absolute concentrations of NAA, choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) as well as the metabolite ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho were measured and compared among the groups. The correlations between the metabolic concentrations, disease duration, and clinical disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale, EDSS) were further explored. Results Compared with HC, a mild increase of Cho without significant NAA changes was observed in NMO patients, while both a significant reduction of NAA and an increase of Cho were observed in MS patients. The absolute concentration of NAA and NAA/Cho ratio were significantly decreased in MS patients in a direct comparison with NMO patients. In MS patients, the EDSS was correlated with the NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios. Conclusion A reduction of NAA was not observed in NMO, implying axonal or neuronal damage may be absent in NAWM for NMO, which is different from MS. A mild increase in Cho was observed in NAWM of NMO patients, suggesting that subtle metabolic changes occur in NMO.
LA HUELLA ECOLGICA CORPORATIVA DE LOS MATERIALES: APLICACIN AL SECTOR COMERCIAL

La huella ecologica es un indicador de sostenibilidad de indice unico, desarrollado por Rees y Wackernagel en 1996, que mide todos los impactos que produce una poblacion, expresados en hectareas de ecosistemas o “naturaleza”. Utilizada habitualmente para regiones o paises (…) hemos constatado que dicho indicador podia utilizarse tambien en las empresas y en cualquier tipo de organizacion (Domenech, 2006). En este trabajo se calcula la Huella Ecologica Corporativa de una empresa del sector comercial, concretamente un concesionario de automoviles del este espanol, a partir de los consumos anuales efectuados por la empresa. A continuacion se recalculan determinados indices para la conversion de consumo de materiales a hectareas, siguiendo la misma metodologia empleada por J.L. Domenech en el calculo de la huella de la Autoridad Portuaria de Gijon. Finalmente se proponen nuevos indices en sustitucion de los anteriores y se disena una nueva herramienta (hoja de calculo) para el calculo de la Huella Ecologica Corporativa.
Identify Cross-Selling Opportunities via Hybrid Classifier

This article presents our solution to PAKDDâ€™07 Data Mining Competition, whose task is to build a classifier to score the propensity of a credit card customer to take up a home loan with a finance company. After analyzing the task, we first describe the data preparation steps in detail. Then, a mixed resampling method is put forward to deal with the problem that model samples are redundant and class imbalance. Following that, a hybrid classifier that integrates Logistic Regression, Adaboost with Decision Stump and Voting Feature Intervals, is built. It is evaluated via cross-identification. Finally, some useful business insights gained from our solution are interpreted.
Long-Term Effect of Heat Shock Protein 60 from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans on Epithelial Cell Viability and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases

ABSTRACT Our previous studies showed that bacterial heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) induces cultured epithelial cell proliferation within 24 h. Here we investigated the long-term effects of heat shock protein 60 isolated from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans on skin keratinocyte (HaCaT cell line) viability and the cell signaling involved. Prolonged incubation in the presence of hsp60 increased the rate of epithelial cell death. The number of viable cells in hsp60-treated culture was 37% higher than the number in the control at 24 h but 27% lower at 144 h. A kinetics study of the effect of hsp60 on the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) involving Western blotting with phospho-specific antibodies showed that in addition to a transient early increase in p38 levels, a second peak appeared in keratinocytes 24 h after the addition of hsp60. In contrast, prolonged incubation with hsp60 caused a decrease in the level of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) compared with that in the controls, possibly as a result of protein phosphatase activity. We found that hsp60 increased the levels of several phosphatases, including MAP-2, which strongly dephosphorylates ERK1/2. Moreover, hsp60 increased the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in culture medium in a dose-dependent manner. TNF-α added to culture showed a cytotoxic effect on epithelial cells, particularly with longer incubation periods. TNF-α also induced the phosphorylation of p38. Finally, our results show that bacterial hsp60 inhibited stress-induced synthesis of cellular hsp60. Therefore, several cell behavior changes caused by long-term exposure to bacterial hsp60 may lead to impaired epithelial cell viability.
Caloric curve in fragmentation

We study phase transitions of small two-dimensional Lennard-Jones drops via microcanonical molecular dynamics in a broad energy range. We found that the caloric curve can be extended to high energies to comprehend high evaporation rates and highly nonequilibrium phenomena such as multifragmentation. Multifragmentation appears as a constant temperature region in the caloric curve like the solid-liquid phase transition.