Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
World Lines

In this paper we present World Lines as a novel interactive visualization that provides complete control over multiple heterogeneous simulation runs. In many application areas, decisions can only be made by exploring alternative scenarios. The goal of the suggested approach is to support users in this decision making process. In this setting, the data domain is extended to a set of alternative worlds where only one outcome will actually happen. World Lines integrate simulation, visualization and computational steering into a single unified system that is capable of dealing with the extended solution space. World Lines represent simulation runs as causally connected tracks that share a common time axis. This setup enables users to interfere and add new information quickly. A World Line is introduced as a visual combination of user events and their effects in order to present a possible future. To quickly find the most attractive outcome, we suggest World Lines as the governing component in a system of multiple linked views and a simulation component. World Lines employ linking and brushing to enable comparative visual analysis of multiple simulations in linked views. Analysis results can be mapped to various visual variables that World Lines provide in order to highlight the most compelling solutions. To demonstrate this technique we present a flooding scenario and show the usefulness of the integrated approach to support informed decision making.
The Effects of TENS, Heat, and Cold on the Pain Thresholds Induced by Mechanical Pressure in Healthy Volunteers

This study was aimed to test whether the administration of transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation (TENS), heat or cold alone, or the coadministration of TENS in combination with heat or with cold may alter the thresholds of the sensory (algosity) and the affective (unpleasantness) dimensions of experimental pain. Mechanical pain induced by a pressure algometer was applied to the tibial shaft of 180 healthy volunteers before and after random application of one of the six following modalities: sham‐stimulation, cold, heat, TENS, combination of TENS + cold, or combination of TENS + heat. All modalities were applied in the same (L4) dermatome with the use of Thermotens (Mediseb Technologies Ltd., Hertzelia, Israel), a device which produces quantifiable combinations of thermal and electrical modalities separately or simultaneously. Only the combination of TENS + heat significantly elevated the thresholds of algosity (from 221 mmHg to 262 mmHg, p < 0.01) and of unpleasantness (from 134 ± 9 to 197 ± 9 mmHg; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that the coadministration of several physical modalities can be more efficacious in the treatment of pain than each modality alone.
Approximate inference for planning in stochastic relational worlds

Relational world models that can be learned from experience in stochastic domains have received significant attention recently. However, efficient planning using these models remains a major issue. We propose to convert learned noisy probabilistic relational rules into a structured dynamic Bayesian network representation. Predicting the effects of action sequences using approximate inference allows for planning in complex worlds. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach for online planning in a 3D simulated blocksworld with an articulated manipulator and realistic physics. Empirical results show that our method can solve problems where existing methods fail.
Effect of hydrogen bond cooperativity on the behavior of water

Four scenarios have been proposed for the low-temperature phase behavior of liquid water, each predicting different thermodynamics. The physical mechanism that leads to each is debated. Moreover, it is still unclear which of the scenarios best describes water, because there is no definitive experimental test. Here we address both open issues within the framework of a microscopic cell model by performing a study combining mean-field calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. We show that a common physical mechanism underlies each of the four scenarios, and that two key physical quantities determine which of the four scenarios describes water: (i) the strength of the directional component of the hydrogen bond and (ii) the strength of the cooperative component of the hydrogen bond. The four scenarios may be mapped in the space of these two quantities. We argue that our conclusions are model independent. Using estimates from experimental data for H-bond properties the model predicts that the low-temperature phase diagram of water exhibits a liquid–liquid critical point at positive pressure.
Body Parts Detection for People Tracking Using Trees of Histogram of Oriented Gradient Descriptors

Vision algorithms face many challenging issues when itcomes to analyze human activities in video surveillance applications.For instance, occlusions makes the detectionand tracking of people a hard task to perform. Hence advancedand adapted solutions are required to analyze thecontent of video sequences. We here present a people detectionalgorithm based on a hierarchical tree of Histogramof Oriented Gradients referred to as HOG. The detectionis coupled with independently trained body part detectorsto enhance the detection performance and to reach state ofthe art performances. We adopt a person tracking schemewhich calculates HOG dissimilarities between detected personsthroughout a sequence. The algorithms are tested invideos with challenging situations such as occlusions. Falsealarms are further reduced by using 2D and 3D informationof moving objects segmented from a background referenceframe.
Ethyl 1-cyclohexyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate

In the title compound, C19H24N2O3, the benzene ring forms a dihedral angle of 65.34 (7)° with the pyrazole ring. The cyclohexane ring adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked into a inversion dimers by pairs of C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating R 2 2(22) ring motifs.
On the Discovery of Critical Links and Nodes for Assessing Network Vulnerability

The assessment of network vulnerability is of great importance in the presence of unexpected disruptive events or adversarial attacks targeting on critical network links and nodes. In this paper, we study Critical Link Disruptor (CLD) and Critical Node Disruptor (CND) optimization problems to identify critical links and nodes in a network whose removals maximally destroy the network's functions. We provide a comprehensive complexity analysis of CLD and CND on general graphs and show that they still remain NP-complete even on unit disk graphs and power-law graphs. Furthermore, the CND problem is shown NP-hard to be approximated within Ω([(n-k)/(nε)] ) on general graphs with n vertices and k critical nodes. Despite the intractability of these problems, we propose HILPR, a novel LP-based rounding algorithm, for efficiently solving CLD and CND problems in a timely manner. The effectiveness of our solutions is validated on various synthetic and real-world networks.
Enhancement of the incorporation of 5-fluorodeoxyuridylate into DNA of HL-60 cells by metabolic modulations.

The exposure of HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells to 0.5 microM 5-fluoro-2'-[3H]deoxyuridine (FdUrd) for 16 hr resulted in the incorporation of 5.14 +/- 0.31 (S.D.) X 10(-7) mol FdUrd into DNA per mol of DNA nucleotide, which corresponds to 0.146 +/- 0.082 pmol FdUrd per 10(7) cells. Pretreatment with 50 microM deoxythymidine for 24 hr led to a 2.7-fold increase in the incorporation of this analogue into newly synthesized DNA during the ensuing 16-hr exposure to 0.5 microM [3H]FdUrd. Pretreatment with 0.5 microM methotrexate for 3 hr also increased the [3H]FdUrd incorporation into newly synthesized DNA approximately 5-fold. The coexistence of deoxythymidine or methotrexate with [3H]FdUrd, however, led to decreased incorporation of FdUrd into DNA. More than 50% of the radioactivity in DNA separated by Cs2SO4 equilibrium density gradient centrifugation was proven to be fluorodeoxyuridylate by means of its binding to Lactobacillus casei deoxythymidine monophosphate synthetase.
End-to-end packet delay and loss behavior in the internet

We use the measured round trip delays of small UDP probe packets sent at regular time intervals to analyze the end-to-end packet delay and loss behavior in the Internet. By varying the interval between probe packets, it is possible to study the structure of the Internet load over different time scales. In this paper, the time scales of interest range from a few milliseconds to a few minutes. Our observations agree with results obtained by others using simulation and experimental approaches. For example, our estimates of Internet workload are consistent with the hypothesis of a mix of bulk traffic with larger packet size, and interactive traffic with smaller packet size. We observe compression (or clustering) of the probe packets, rapid fluctuations of queueing delays over small intervals, etc. Our results also show interesting and less expected behavior. For example, we find that the losses of probe packets are essentially random unless the probe traffic uses a large fraction of the available bandwidth. We discuss the implications of these results on the design of control mechanisms for the Internet.
Utilization of collagen-based vascular closure devices in patients with severe peripheral artery disease.

BACKGROUND Collagen-based vascular closure devices (VCD) are commonly used after catheterization with femoral access. However, data about complication rates due to the utilization of VCDs in patients with known peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the lower limbs are inconsistent and patients with significant PAD are excluded in most VCD trials. In this study, we aimed to assess complication rates of collagen-based VCDs in patients with significant PAD. METHODS Patients with significant PAD treated with a VCD (Angio-Seal; St Jude Medical, Inc) after percutaneous therapeutic interventions of lower extremities were included in this study. Significant PAD was defined as Fontaine ≥2b. In-hospital complications (bleeding, spurious aneurysm, vessel occlusion, dissection, surgical repair, vasovagal reaction) were recorded. RESULTS A total of 121 patients (64.6 ± 11.3 years, 77% male) were included. PAD stage IIb was present in 99 patients (stage III in 8 patients, stage IV in 14 patients). A total of 112 treatments (93.3%) processed without complications (major complication rate, 1.7%; minor complication rate, 5.0%). There was a trend toward higher prevalence of complications with increasing size of closure device and with the stage of PAD; however, this trend was not statistically significant (P>.05 for all). CONCLUSION We report moderate complication rates of collagen-based VCDs in patients with significant PAD. Our data suggest that Angio-Seal may be safe in patients with PAD after catheter intervention. Further randomized trials with larger sample size comparing VCD with standard manual compression in patients with significant PAD are required.
Haploinsufficiency of the murine polycomb gene Suz12 results in diverse malformations of the brain and neural tube

SUMMARY Polycomb proteins are epigenetic regulators of gene expression. Human central nervous system (CNS) malformations are congenital defects of the brain and spinal cord. One example of a human CNS malformation is Chiari malformation (CM), which presents as abnormal brainstem growth and cerebellar herniation, sometimes accompanied by spina bifida and cortical defects; it can occur in families. Clinically, CM ranges from an asymptomatic condition to one with incapacitating or lethal symptoms, including neural tube defects and hydrocephalus. However, no genes that are causally involved in any manifestation of CM or similar malformations have been identified. Here, we show that a pathway that involves Zac1 (also known as Plagl1 or Lot1) and controls neuronal proliferation is altered in mice that are heterozygous for the polycomb gene Suz12, resulting in a phenotype that overlaps with some clinical manifestations of the CM spectrum. Suz12 heterozygotes show cerebellar herniation and an enlarged brainstem, accompanied by occipital cortical alterations and spina bifida. Downward displacement of the cerebellum causes hydrocephalus in the most severely impaired cases. Although the involvement of polycomb genes in human disease is starting to be recognized, this is the first demonstration of their role in nervous system malformations. Our work strongly suggests that brain malformations such as CM can result from altered epigenetic regulation of genes involved in cell proliferation in the brain.
Photoacoustic method of determination of quantum efficiency of luminescence in Mn2+ ions in Zn1−x−yBexMnySe crystals

This paper presents step by step the procedure of determination of the quantum efficiency of luminescence of Mn2+ ions in the Zn1−x−yBexMnySe crystals. The method is based on the photoacoustic spectroscopy approach. In the paper, the experimental spectra of absorbance, transmission, absorption and photoacoustic spectra of the samples are presented and analyzed from the point of view of the possibility of determination of the quantum efficiency of Mn2+ ion luminescence at room temperature. It was determined experimentally that in the investigated crystals the quantum efficiency of luminescence in the Mn2+ ions is about 35%, 40%, 32% for the absorption peaks at 430 nm, 470 nm, and 510 nm, respectively, for Zn0.75Be0. 2Mn0.05Se crystal.
Cyfield-RISP: An OpenCL-generated processor for reconfigurable hardware

Automated generation of hardware circuits from programming languages is a highly investigated research field. The primary purpose is to reduce the development effort and to speed up the user application. The present work is inspired by the methodology to generate an accelerator for spiking neural networks (SNN). Our approach is to map the loop-parallel kernels of OpenCL to a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to boost up neural computations. The key element is the Cyfield meta-compiler. It generates instruction set processor (RISP) cores that are tailored to provide the minimum functionality for an OpenCL program. This simplifies the automatic generation of processors that perform platform independent C-like sequential program statements in a massive parallel fashion. First synthesis and benchmark results show that the performance of the architecture is scalable.
Resource Biased Routing (RBR) Algorithm for Energy Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is the major concern in the design of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). In the traditional routing algorithms, some nodes are constantly involved in forwarding data packets, hence more energy will be depleted among those nodes and the nodes will die much earlier than others causing disconnection of the network. So it is necessary to develop algorithm to evenly distribute energy dissipation across nodes and reduces hotspots in the networks. The resource biased Routing(RBR) algorithm biases the use of resource-rich actor nodes over energy-constrained sensor nodes for packet forwarding and processing in the network . This algorithm efficiently and evenly distributes load across the nodes and thus optimizes the use of energy available at each sensor node.
Action and research opportunities in education. The multicultural dimension

The rigors of positive science require that educational research meet the same standards of validity and fidelity as those resulting from quantitative research methods. At the same time, the increasingly complex world of today brought the issue of multiculturalism on the forefront of educational policies, research and practice. In the present paper we present a series of relevant traits of educational action and research in relation with multiculturalism and we argue that educational research is in a particularly favorable position to make use of these challenges and transform them into opportunities for research and action. (DIPF/Orig.) Die Regeln positivistischer Wissenschaft erfordern, dass die Bildungsforschung dieselben Standards fur Gultigkeit und Genauigkeit erfullt, wie jene, denen quantitative Forschungsmethoden zugrunde liegen. Zur gleichen Zeit brachte die zunehmend komplexe Welt von heute die Frage des Multikulturalismus in den Fokus von Bildungspolitik, Forschung und Praxis. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Reihe von relevanten Merkmalen padagogischen Handels und Forschung im Zusammenhang mit Multikulturalismus prasentiert. Es wird argumentiert, dass die Bildungsforschung sich in einer gunstigen Position befindet, diese Aufgabe zu nutzen und sie in Chancen fur Forschung und Handlung zu verwandeln. (DIPF/Orig./av)
Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: An empirical analysis

An empirical approach to the classification of disturbed children. Journal of Clinical A new direction for education: Behavior analysis (Vol. 2). Lawrence A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change:. This is in contrast to the view that the effectiveness of psychotherapy and counseling to edit many editions of the Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change with a literature review of empirical studies of psychotherapy outcomes in 1975, the Their multidimensional scaling analysis represented the results.
Analysis of data quality issues in Wide Area Monitoring and Control systems

Synchronized phasor measurement based Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) system is becoming a reality with international research and development both in academia and industry. Timely and accurate data with high resolutions holds great promise for more responsible and advanced grid control and operation. Currently, most of the research focuses on the different control schemes and applications. A relatively less addressed aspect is the dependency of the WAMC system on the performance of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, without whose support the projected functionalities of the WAMC systems will not be achieved. Possible input delay brought by the complex data transfer and processing processes in WAMC systems are presented at the beginning of this paper. Thereafter, simulations where delayed phasor measurements are fed to a typical WAMC application - Static Var Compensation (SVC) are conducted iteratively to detect its maximum tolerated delay. Based on this maximum tolerated delay, the consequences of missing certain data in the phaor packets have been studied. Furthermore, data quality requirements to design a reliable SVC function are analyzed based on simulation results. In conjunction with the requirement discussion, the paper is concluded by proposing a robust ICT architecture to mitigate the aforementioned data quality issues.
Endurance Training Inhibits Insulin Clearance and IDE Expression in Swiss Mice

Introduction Endurance training improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in the liver and the skeletal muscle, but the mechanism for this effect is poorly understood. Recently, it was proposed that insulin clearance plays a major role in both glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, our goal was to determine the mechanism by which endurance training improves insulin sensitivity and how it regulates insulin clearance in mice. Methods Mice were treadmill-trained for 4 weeks at 70–80% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) for 60 min, 5 days a week. The glucose tolerance and the insulin resistance were determined using an IPGTT and an IPITT, respectively, and the insulin decay rate was calculated from the insulin clearance. Protein expression and phosphorylation in the liver and the skeletal muscle were ascertained by Western blot. Results Trained mice exhibited an increased VO2 max, time to exhaustion, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. They had smaller fat pads and lower plasma concentrations of insulin and glucose. Endurance training inhibited insulin clearance and reduced expression of IDE in the liver, while also inhibiting insulin secretion by pancreatic islets. There was increased phosphorylation of both the canonical (IR-AKT) and the non-canonical (CaMKII-AMPK-ACC) insulin pathways in the liver of trained mice, whereas only the CaMKII-AMPK pathway was increased in the skeletal muscle. Conclusion Endurance training improved glucose homeostasis not only by increasing peripheral insulin sensitivity but also by decreasing insulin clearance and reducing IDE expression in the liver.
In vitro and in vivo analysis of the Effects of corticotropin releasing factor on rat dorsal vagal complex

In vivo and in vitro electrophysiological experiments were performed on the rat dorsal vagal complex (DVC, i.e. nucleus of the tractus solitarius, NTS, and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, DMV) to examine the effects of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRF) on the central components of the vago‐vagal reflex control of gastric function. When applied to gastrointestinal projecting DMV neurones, CRF (10‐300 nm) induced a concentration‐dependent membrane depolarization, an increase in action potential firing rate and decrease in amplitude of the action potential afterhyperpolarization (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with the non‐selective CRF antagonist, astressin (0.5‐1 μM) or the selective CRF2 receptor antagonist, astressin 2B (500 nm) attenuated the CRF‐induced increase in firing rate but did not alter basal discharge rate. CRF (30‐300 nm) increased the amplitude of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked by stimulation of the NTS (P < 0.05). An alteration in the paired pulse ratio indicated the EPSC's increase occurred due to actions at presynaptic sites. In the in vivo anaesthetized rat preparation, bilateral microinjections (20 fmol in 20 nl for each site) of CRF in the DVC decreased gastric motility in rats pretreated with the muscarinic agonist, bethanecol (P < 0.05). The effects of CRF were abolished by systemic administration of the NOS inhibitor, L‐NAME, or by bilateral vagotomy. We concluded that CRF had both a direct and an indirect excitatory effect on DMV neurones via activation of CRF2 receptors and the decrease in gastric motility observed following microinjection of CRF in the DVC is due to the activation of an inhibitory non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic input to the gastrointestinal tract.