Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Proposed New Scoring System for Videolaryngoscopy

Clear documentation of anaesthetic technique, difficulties and complications is an essential part of good anaesthetic practice, particularly in the area of airway management. The current convention of describing intubation using a videolaryngoscope only in terms of a Cormack and Lehane score is at best unhelpful and at worst dangerous. In an attempt to address the inadequacy of a Cormack and Lehane score to describe videoscopic intubation, we propose a three part scoring system: view, ease and device - the ‘Fremantle Score’. Preliminary evaluation of this system in a diverse group of anaesthetists utilising four available videolaryngoscopes in a simulated normal and difficult airway manikin has demonstrated that the system is easy to use, easy to understand and relevant. In three of the eight device and manikin combinations studied, the videolaryngoscopic view correlated with the ease of intubation. This highlights the need for an alternative tool to describe intubation with a videolaryngoscope. We consider this development of a specific videoscopic scoring system a first step in better describing intubation by a videolaryngoscope and improving patient care.
Successfully Implementing Enterprise Content Management: Lessons Learnt from a Financial Service Provider

Information overload and content chaos are major challenges for organizations, as they have to deal with a high amount of unstructured content. With enterprise content management (ECM) systems, a technological solution is developed to deal with such challenges; however, these systems can only provide value to an organization if they are implemented in the context of an ECM strategy. In this paper the implementation of a new ECM strategy at a financial service provider is described to illustrate how organizations can on the one side design an ECM strategy that reduces information overload and content chaos and on the other side implement it successfully. The four keys for successfully implementing ECM based on the lessons learnt derived are an ECM team leading the change process, the acceptance of users by meeting the organization’s business needs, a metadata taxonomy enabling dynamic content delivery, and an effective change management from the outset.
Reframing Human Resource Development

Human resource development (HRD) practice can be viewed from a number of theoretical standpoints. Rather than viewing competing standpoints as unhelpful at best,or incompatible at worst,this article proposes purposeful dialogue between them. The argument of this article is that to draw on a range of interpretive lenses,far from inhibiting our understanding of HRD,actually helps the researcher arrive at a fuller and more holistic understanding of such activities. This,in turn,leads to better informed feedback to HRD practitioners as they seek to design and manage training interventions in organizations. By way of illustration,Bolman and Deal’s multiframe approach is applied as an interviewing device,with managers taking part in an executive coaching program in a case organization, demonstrating the unpredictability of an apparently straightforward HRD intervention. Implications for HRD theorizing,methodolo gy,and practice are summarized.
‘But what did they learn?’ Clearing third spaces in virtual dialogues with children

In the age of standards, the challenge is great to sustain children’s voices as transformative forces in academic contexts. Interactive writing may offer an environment where children can reframe their engagement with curricular and personal knowledges, or even redefine the nature of academic content itself. This article focuses on the second year of a school-university project in which child and adult writers carried out long-term email dialogues. The adult writer-researchers questioned the suitability of these dialogues for enhancing the children’s curricular knowledge while supporting their personal investment in writing. The year-long dialogues resulted in three types of third-space environments where children differently balanced the relationship of curricular knowledge to personal knowledge.
THOUGHTS ON SUBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT, SENSORY METRICS AND USEFULNESS OF OUTCOMES

This note presents a discussion of direct scaling versus paired comparison from the viewpoint of historical, design, field, analytical and interpretation issues. A lot of sensory and consumer research use procedures such as direct measurement, which in turn can lead to major development-relevant insights. At the same time, other research with the same objectives uses choice methods, which in the author's mind do not, and cannot, lead to these desired development-relevant insights. It is important to differentiate between the two types of approaches and understand their pros and cons, as well as their intellectual histories. Simply choosing a measurement procedure by the diktat of management or of current fads may actually be counterproductive to the specific task in particular, and to the field of sensory research in general.
Social adjustment in childbearing women : the modified Work Leisure and Family Life Questionnaire

Abstract There is a need for a measure of social adjustment in childbearing women, in a variety of social role areas, that includes adjustment to the baby. The Work Leisure and Family Life Questionnaire (WLFLQ) was modified by limiting the parental role area to older children and adding a new role area which assessed adjustment to the baby alone. The modified WLFLQ was filled in by 50 depressed and 50 non-depressed mothers of infants under one year. The baby role area correlated well with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS), and the original Work Leisure and Family Life Questionnaire (WLFLQ). The modified WLFLQ was sensitive to changes in psychiatric state over time; distinguished between postpartum depressed and non-depressed controls; assessed adjustment to the baby and assessed adjustment to the baby independent of older children. The modified WLFLQ may serve as a useful research tool in studies of social adjustment and as an outcome measure in studies.
Novel Tight-Binding Inhibitory Factor-κB Kinase (IKK-2) Inhibitors Demonstrate Target-Specific Anti-Inflammatory Activities in Cellular Assays and following Oral and Local Delivery in an in Vivo Model of Airway Inflammation

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is one of the major families of transcription factors activated during the inflammatory response in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inhibitory factor-κB kinase 2 (IKK-2) has been shown to play a pivotal role in cytokine-induced NF-κB activation in airway epithelium and in disease-relevant cells. Nevertheless, the potential toxicity of specific IKK-2 inhibitors may be unacceptable for oral delivery in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Therefore, local delivery to the lungs is an attractive alternative that warrants further exploration. Here, we describe potent and selective small-molecule IKK-2 inhibitors [8-(5-chloro-2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)isonicotinamido)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo[g]indazole-3-carboxamide (PHA-408) and 8-(2-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-chloroisonicotinamido)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-benzo-[g]indazole-3-carboxamide (PF-184)] that are competitive for ATP have slow off-rates from IKK-2 and display broad in vitro anti-inflammatory activities resulting from NF-κB pathway inhibition. Notably, PF-184 has been designed to have high systemic clearance, which limits systemic exposure and maximizes the effects locally in the airways. We used an inhaled lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of neutrophilia to address whether inhibiting NF-κB activation locally within the airways would show anti-inflammatory effects in the absence of systemic exposure. PHA-408, a low-clearance compound previously shown to be efficacious orally in a rodent model of arthritis, dose-dependently attenuated inhaled lipopolysaccharide-induced cell infiltration and cytokine production. Interestingly, PF-184 produced comparable dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity by intratracheal administration and was as efficacious as intratracheally administered fluticasone propionate (fluticasone). Together, these results support the potential therapeutic utility of IKK-2 inhibition in inflammatory pulmonary diseases and demonstrate anti-inflammatory efficacy of an inhaled IKK-2 inhibitor in a rat airway model of neutrophilia.
Unitary behavior of skeletal, cardiac, and chimeric L-type Ca2+ channels expressed in dysgenic myotubes

Skeletal and cardiac dihydropyridine receptors function both as voltage- dependent L-type calcium channels (L-channels) and as critical proteins that trigger calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle. In spite of these similarities, skeletal L-channels exhibit a markedly slower activation rate than cardiac L-channels. We investigated the mechanisms underlying this difference by comparing the unitary behavior of L-channels in cell-attached patches of dysgenic myotubes expressing skeletal, cardiac, or chimeric dihydropyridine receptors. Our results demonstrate that ensemble averages activate rapidly for the purely cardiac dihydropyridine receptor and approximately five times more slowly for L-channels attributable to the purely skeletal dihydropyridine receptor or a chimeric dihydropyridine receptor in which only the first internal repeat and all of the putative intracellular loops are of skeletal origin. All of the constructs studied similarly exhibit a brief (2-ms) and a long (> or = 15-ms) open time in the presence of Bay K 8644, neither of which depend significantly on voltage. In the absence of Bay K 8644, the fraction of total open events is markedly shifted to the briefer open time without altering the rate of ensemble activation. Closed time analysis of L- channels with cardiac-like, rapid activation (recorded in the presence of dihydropyridine agonist) reveals both a brief (approximately 1-ms) closed time and a second, voltage-dependent, long-lasting closed time. The time until first opening after depolarization is three to six times faster for rapidly activating L-channels than for slowly activating L- channels and depends strongly on voltage for both types of channels. The results suggest that a voltage-dependent, closed-closed transition that is fast in cardiac L-channels and slow in skeletal L-channels can account for the difference in activation rate between these two channels.
Dynamic segment duration control for live streaming over HTTP

Due to the prevalence of various mobile devices and the growth of wireless network technologies, HTTP adaptive streaming has become a new trend in video delivery. In HTTP adaptive streaming, the client pulls the video as a sequence of files called media segments from a server and adjusts the video quality. In order to maintain seamless playback with acceptable video quality, the client needs large receive buffers. However, the buffering delay is critical in live streaming. Therefore, it is important to provide the balance between buffering delay and seamless playback. In this paper, we propose a DSDC (Dynamic Segment Duration Control) scheme for live streaming over HTTP. The proposed DSDC scheme determines the segment duration according to the device information and network status. Through the simulation, we prove that our scheme significantly reduce the playback discontinuity while maintaining the low buffer delay.
21 Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent cancer in the Western world. About half of the patients develop synchronous or metachronous metastases. The liver is the most common site of such metastases and thus hepatic metastatic disease is a significant socio-medical problem. If it is not treated, the median patient survival is only some months. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for patients with isolated colorectal liver metastases when feasible. For patients with four or fewer isolated hepatic lesions, five year relapse-free survival rates range from 24 to 58 percent and ten year survival rates vary between 17 and 33 percent. There is a convincing socio-epidemiological evidence of the dramatic unfavourable influence on population wealth of untimely diagnosis and inadequate treatment of the patients with advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer worldwide (Hata et al., 2010; Kostov & Kobakov, 2006a; Stillwell et al., 2011; Tsoulfas et al., 2011).
Iterative sequence/secondary structure search for protein homologs: comparison with amino acid sequence alignments and application to fold recognition in genome databases

MOTIVATION Sequence alignment techniques have been developed into extremely powerful tools for identifying the folding families and function of proteins in newly sequenced genomes. For a sufficiently low sequence identity it is necessary to incorporate additional structural information to positively detect homologous proteins. We have carried out an extensive analysis of the effectiveness of incorporating secondary structure information directly into the alignments for fold recognition and identification of distant protein homologs. A secondary structure similarity matrix based on a database of three-dimensionally aligned proteins was first constructed. An iterative application of dynamic programming was used which incorporates linear combinations of amino acid and secondary structure sequence similarity scores. Initially, only primary sequence information is used. Subsequently contributions from secondary structure are phased in and new homologous proteins are positively identified if their scores are consistent with the predetermined error rate. RESULTS We used the SCOP40 database, where only PDB sequences that have 40% homology or less are included, to calibrate homology detection by the combined amino acid and secondary structure sequence alignments. Combining predicted secondary structure with sequence information results in a 8-15% increase in homology detection within SCOP40 relative to the pairwise alignments using only amino acid sequence data at an error rate of 0.01 errors per query; a 35% increase is observed when the actual secondary structure sequences are used. Incorporating predicted secondary structure information in the analysis of six small genomes yields an improvement in the homology detection of approximately 20% over SSEARCH pairwise alignments, but no improvement in the total number of homologs detected over PSI-BLAST, at an error rate of 0.01 errors per query. However, because the pairwise alignments based on combinations of amino acid and secondary structure similarity are different from those produced by PSI-BLAST and the error rates can be calibrated, it is possible to combine the results of both searches. An additional 25% relative improvement in the number of genes identified at an error rate of 0.01 is observed when the data is pooled in this way. Similarly for the SCOP40 dataset, PSI-BLAST detected 15% of all possible homologs, whereas the pooled results increased the total number of homologs detected to 19%. These results are compared with recent reports of homology detection using sequence profiling methods. AVAILABILITY Secondary structure alignment homepage at http://lutece.rutgers. edu/ssas CONTACT anders@rutchem.rutgers. edu; ronlevy@lutece.rutgers. edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Genome sequence/structure alignment results at http://lutece.rutgers. edu/ss_fold_predictions.
Compressive sensing based image watermarking using gradient descent algorithm

The procedure for image watermarking using only available image samples, is presented in the paper. Namely, watermark is embedded into a certain number of available image samples, where the samples positions are precisely determined in advance. Therefore, samples positions serve as a watermarking key. Block based Compessive Sensing reconstruction is performed in the paper, by using gradient algorithm. Procedure is tested on several natural images. Satisfactory watermark detection, as well as good reconstructed image quality, is obtained.
Mutant Huntingtin Causes Context-Dependent Neurodegeneration in Mice with Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease (HD) mouse models that express N-terminal huntingtin fragments show rapid disease progression and have been used for developing therapeutics. However, light microscopy reveals no significant neurodegeneration in these mice. It remains unclear how mutant huntingtin induces neurodegeneration. Using caspase staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling, and electron microscopy, we observed that N171-82Q mice, which express the first 171 aa of mutant huntingtin, displayed more degenerated neurons than did other HD mouse models. The neurodegeneration was also evidenced by increased immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and ultrastructural features of apoptosis. R6/2 mice, which express exon 1 of mutant huntingtin, showed dark, nonapoptotic neurons and degenerated mitochondria associated with mutant huntingtin. In HD repeat knock-in mice (HdhCAG150), which express full-length mutant huntingtin, degenerated cytoplasmic organelles were found in both axons and neuronal cell bodies in association with mutant huntingtin that was not labeled by an antibody to huntingtin amino acids 342–456. Transfection of cultured cells with mutant huntingtin revealed that an N-terminal huntingtin fragment (amino acids 1–208 plus a 120 glutamine repeat) caused a greater increase in caspase activity than did exon 1 huntingtin and longer huntingtin fragments. These results suggest that context-dependent neurodegeneration in HD may be mediated by different N-terminal huntingtin fragments. In addition, this study has identified neurodegenerative markers for the evaluation of therapeutic treatments in HD mouse models.
On the design of massive access

In this paper, we design a fully non-orthogonal communication framework for spectral-efficient massive access. Firstly, we propose a non-orthogonal channel estimation (NOCE) method, which can achieve a balance between channel state information (CSI) accuracy and the length of pilot sequence. Then, we present a massive multiple-input multiple-out (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme based on the CSI obtained by NOCE. Next, we analyze the performance of the proposed fully non-orthogonal communication, and obtain a tight lower bound on the spectral efficiency in terms of system parameters and channel conditions. Finally, extensive simulation results reconfirms the effectiveness of the proposed fully non-orthogonal communication for massive access.
Type XVIII collagen is essential for survival during acute liver injury in mice

SUMMARY The regenerative response to drug- and toxin-induced liver injury induces changes to the hepatic stroma, including the extracellular matrix. Although the extracellular matrix is known to undergo changes during the injury response, its impact on maintaining hepatocyte function and viability in this process remains largely unknown. We demonstrate that recovery from toxin-mediated injury is impaired in mice deficient in a key liver extracellular matrix molecule, type XVIII collagen, and results in rapid death. The type-XVIII-collagen-dependent response to liver injury is mediated by survival signals induced by α1β1 integrin, integrin linked kinase and the Akt pathway, and mice deficient in either α1β1 integrin or hepatocyte integrin linked kinase also succumb to toxic liver injury. These findings demonstrate that type XVIII collagen is an important functional component of the liver matrix microenvironment and is crucial for hepatocyte survival during injury and stress.
A 12-week pilot study of acceptance of a computer-based chronic disease self-monitoring system among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension

This study tested a structural model examining the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, health consciousness, and application-specific self-efficacy on the acceptance (i.e. behavioral intention and actual usage) of a computer-based chronic disease self-monitoring system among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension. The model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling, with 119 observations that were obtained by pooling data across three time points over a 12-week period. The results indicate that all of the seven constructs examined had a significant total effect on behavioral intention and explained 74 percent of the variance. Also, application-specific self-efficacy and behavioral intention had a significant total effect on actual usage and explained 17 percent of the variance. This study demonstrates that technology acceptance is determined by patient characteristics, technology attributes, and social influences. Applying the findings may increase the likelihood of acceptance.
Global constraints in distributed constraint satisfaction

Global constraints have been crucial for the success of centralized constraint programming. Here, we propose the inclusion of global constraints in distributed constraint satisfaction. We show how this inclusion can be done, considering different decompositions for global contraints. We provide experimental evidence of their benefits on several benchmarks solved with the ABT algorithm.
‘Getting’ A Discourse on Winning and Losing: A Primer on Boyd's ‘Theory of Intellectual Evolution’

Boyd's A Discourse is not a ‘Theory of Everything’, but what Colin Gray calls a partial theory, with some elements of a general theory. It does not have much to say about current security problems such as fragile states, the proliferation of WMD, nuclear strategy, maritime or air warfare, nor was it intended to do so. Yet it contains insights that have a generic applicability beyond military battle and beyond interstate warfare. It is strongest as an exploration of operational art but also offers novel highly conceptual generic interpretations of manoeuvre warfare and guerrilla warfare, and of the nature of tactics and strategy. Apart from tangible doctrinal influence, Boyd has given scholars and strategic thinkers new and fruitful perspectives on the dynamics of armed conflict. Hasík neatly summarizes the main lines of critique over the past decade. What these critiques lack is a full engagement with Boyd's work.
An lrp-like gene of Bacillus subtilis involved in branched-chain amino acid transport

The azlB locus of Bacillus subtilis was defined previously by a mutation conferring resistance to a leucine analog, 4-azaleucine (J. B. Ward, Jr., and S. A. Zahler, J. Bacteriol. 116:727-735, 1973). In this report, azlB is shown to be the first gene of an operon apparently involved in branched-chain amino acid transport. The product of the azlB gene is an Lrp-like protein that negatively regulates expression of the azlBCDEF operon. Resistance to 4-azaleucine in azlB mutants is due to overproduction of AzlC and AzlD, two novel hydrophobic proteins.
“Transnational” Socio-Cultural Systems and Ethnographic Research: Views from an Extended Field Site

This article discusses a widespread pattern of migratory moves that is often overlooked in contemporary research on transnational migration. Transnational theory has successfully highlighted the significance of migrants’ attachments to people and places transcending the confines of nation-states. By emphasizing, a priori, the national, this theory tends to overlook the full complexity and meaning of migrants’ extra-local socio-cultural relations. Through an ethnographic study of dispersed family networks of Caribbean origin, I explore the wide range of migration practices in which differing actors engage and the nature of the sociocultural systems that emerge as migrants move between places.