Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological biomarkers in spinal muscular atrophy: proof of concept

Preclinical therapies that restore survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels can dramatically extend survival in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) mouse models. Biomarkers are needed to effectively translate these promising therapies to clinical trials. Our objective was to investigate electrophysiological biomarkers of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), motor unit number estimation (MUNE) and electromyography (EMG) using an SMA mouse model.
Feminism Facing Industrial Relations in Britain

This is an opportune time to renegotiate the boundaries between industrial relations theory and feminist analysis in Britain. Such a bargain would involve going beyond an agreement to add ‘women’s issues’ to the research agenda, to a recognition of the gendered character of employment relations and of work itself. The formal institutions involved, namely, management, trade unions and the state, cannot be treated as gender‐neutral. Further, the very way industrial relations scholars define what is ‘inside’ the industrial relations system and what is ‘outside’ reflects masculine priorities and privilege.
Association rule mining for web usage data to improve websites

Association rule mining along with frequent items has been comprehensively research in data mining. In this paper, we proposed a model for association rules to mine the generated frequent k-itemset. We take this process as extraction of rules which expressed most useful information. Therefore, transactional knowledge of using websites is considered to solve the purpose. In this paper we use interestingness measure that plays an important role in invalid rules thereby reducing the size of rule data sets. The performance analysis attempted with Apriori, most frequent rule mining algorithm and interestingness measure to compare the efficiency of websites. The proposed work reduces large number of immaterial rules and produces new set of rules with interesting measure. Our extensive experiments will use relevant rule mining to enhance websites and data accuracy.
Long-term spectro-temporal information for improved automatic speech emotion classification

This paper investigates the contribution of features which convey long-term spectro-temporal (ST) information for the purpose of automatic emotional speech classification. The ST representation is obtained by means of a modulation filterbank decomposition of long-term temporal envelopes of the outputs of a gammatone filterbank. The two-dimensional discrete cosine transform is used to reduce the dimensionality of the representation; candidate features are then derived from statistics computed from the DCT coefficients. Sequential forward feature selection is used to select the most salient features. Two types of experiments are described which use the Berlin emotional speech database to test the performance of the ST features alone and in combination with prosodic features. In a multi-class experiment, simulation results with a support vector classifier show that a 44% reduction in classification error is attained once prosodic features are combined with the proposed ST features. Additionally, in a one-against-all experiment, an average increase in F-score of 33% is attained when the proposed ST features are included.
Somatometric Evaluation of Long Bones of the Upper Extremity: A Forensic Tool

Somatometric techniques are important tools in forensic investigation as well as in studying biological variation. The present study investigated the long bones of the upper extremity to ascertain which one will be more appropriate to generate regression equations for prediction of BH. Four long bone lengths (HL UL, RL and CL) were evaluated subcutaneously. BH was taken using Anthropometer, while randomly HL, UL, RL and CL were measured on the right side of the body from a pull of 211 subjects using measuring tape. The findings of the present study indicate that the correlation ‘r’ between BH and the right upper limb measurements were significant for HL, UL, RL, in the overall population; the highest correlation between the dependent variable BH and the independent variable (UL) in overall population was 0.82 (P< 0.0001). In the females the correlation was significant for HL UL, RL, and CL; the highest correlation was found in UL, r=0.71 (P< 0.0001) the least was indicated by CL, r =–0.25. In the males the study revealed positive significant correlation for HL UL, and RL, The highest correlation was seen in UL, r=0.71 (P< 0.0001) while the least was 0.26 (P=0.02) as seen in HL. This present study shows that the UL is a veritable dimension in the estimation of BH for the Igbos because the Pearson’s correlation coefficient ‘r’ obtained was the heights amongst that obtained for the other segments HL, RL and CL. Also the coefficient of determinant ‘R’ for testing model adequacy was highest for UL which had a lower SEE.
Dual direction load balancing and partial replication storage of cloud DaaS

In this paper, we present a novel approach to solve the cloud storage issues and provide a fast load balancing algorithm. Our approach is based on partitioning and dual direction download of the files by multiple cloud nodes. Partitions of the files are also saved into the cloud rather than the full files, which provide a good optimization to the cloud storage usage. Only partial replication is used in this algorithm to ensure the reliability and availability of the data. Our focus is to improve the performance and optimize the storage usage in providing the DaaS service of the cloud. This algorithm solves the problem of having to fully replicate very large data sets, which uses up a lot of precious space on the cloud nodes. Reducing the space needed will help in reducing the cost of providing such space. Moreover, performance is also increased since multiple cloud servers will collaborate to provide the data to cloud clients in a faster manner.
Plasma kinin concentration in deoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension.

We investigated the status of circulating kinins in rats with severe hypertension caused by drinking 1% NaCl (saline) and treatment with deoxycorticosterone (DOC, 25 mg/kg/wk s.c.) for 5 weeks. Saline-drinking rats treated with DOC had a higher systolic blood pressure (210 +/- 4 mm Hg) than did rats without DOC treatment drinking water (138 +/- 3 mm Hg) or saline (141 +/- 3 mm Hg). The concentration of kinins in the inferior vena cava plasma of DOC-salt hypertensive rats did not differ from the venous plasma kinin concentration in normotensive rats drinking water or saline. In contrast, the arterial plasma kinin concentration in DOC-salt hypertensive rats (7.0 +/- 0.8 pg/ml) was lower (p less than 0.002) than that in water-drinking controls (14.0 +/- 2.2 pg/ml); it also was lower (p less than 0.005) in saline-drinking rats (8.1 +/- 0.9 pg/ml) than in water-drinking controls. Infusion of bradykinin (20 micrograms/kg/min i.v.) increased arterial plasma kinins in all the groups. Nonetheless, the arterial plasma kinin concentration achieved during bradykinin infusion in DOC-salt hypertensive (1590 +/- 130 pg/ml) and in saline-drinking rats (1540 +/- 100 pg/ml) was lower than that in water-drinking rats (2140 +/- 210 pg/ml). On the other hand, during infusion of the kininase II inhibitor captopril (80 micrograms/hr i.p.) for 3 days, neither DOC-salt hypertensive rats nor saline-drinking normotensive rats exhibited significant reduction of arterial plasma kinins relative to the level in water-drinking controls. These data indicate that high salt intake, irrespective of the level of blood pressure, causes the arterial plasma concentration of kinins to fall. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Initial Motivations of Serving Teachers of Secondary Mathematics

This study examines the justifications given by serving teachers of secondary mathematics for their decisions to become teachers. Forty-five teachers, from two regions of England, were interviewed about their professional life histories with one element of the semi-structured schedule including an invitation to colleagues to discuss their motives or justifications for becoming teachers. The analysis revealed five categories of response: people became teachers as a consequence of their experiences of mathematics as learners, a desire to work with people, a sense of inevitability, a serendipitous life-event or a desire or need to change career. These categories are discussed in relation to current thinking on teachers' professional motivation and accord with the generality of available research that relatively few people became teachers for either altruistic or extrinsic reasons, with most citing reasons intrinsic to either mathematics itself or teaching as a profession. Significantly, a substantial number of the justifications offered fell outside the accepted tripartite framework. Some implications for teacher recruitment are considered.
Recommended confidence intervals for two independent binomial proportions

The relationship between two independent binomial proportions is commonly estimated and presented using the difference between proportions, the number needed to treat, the ratio of proportions or the odds ratio. Several different confidence intervals are available, but they can produce markedly different results. Some of the traditional approaches, such as the Wald interval for the difference between proportions and the Katz log interval for the ratio of proportions, do not perform well unless the sample size is large. Better intervals are available. This article describes and compares approximate and exact confidence intervals that are – with one exception – easy to calculate or available in common software packages. We illustrate the performances of the intervals and make recommendations for both small and moderate-to-large sample sizes.
How to Initiate Dementia Care Networks? Processes, Barriers, and Facilitators During the Development Process of a Practice-Oriented Website Toolkit Out of Research Results

Background: Despite its high relevance, scientific evidence often fails to be disseminated into practice. Information websites can be a successful information dissemination tool, but very little is known about the processes involved in the interdisciplinary development of such websites. This article aims to demonstrate the processes, barriers, and facilitators during the development and publication of a practice-friendly information website grounded in scientifically based research findings about dementia care networks obtained by the DemNet-D study. Method: The qualitative data of this article are based on a work progress protocol and a recorded interview with the project’s science journalist. The interview was transcribed, analyzed, and coded based on structured content analysis. Quantitative data were extracted to display the website usage rate. Results: The results indicate that interdisciplinary teamwork is an essential factor for successful website development. Furthermore, the use of a formalized model can help to organize the development structure. To transform scientific content, a specialized expert in the field is needed. Continuous evaluations and marketing strategies are vital for the success of a website. The final website had a high access rate 1 month after launch. Conclusion: Crucial processes, barriers, and facilitators during the development of a practice-related information website about dementia care networks are presented and discussed. These findings can help people who aim to disseminate research findings to other practitioner-associated priority groups as well as public health-related groups.
Temporality and Contention : Challenging Action and the Logics of History

This essay aspires to provide a theoretical blueprint for integrating the social scientific analysis of contentious action such as protests, collective violence, social movements, and revolution with a historicist sensitivity for temporality. What is distinct about a historical approach to the study of contention? What ontological and epistemological commitments does this approach entail? To what extent does contention interact with time, as opposed to simply unfolding over time? And are transformative contentious events subject to a single, homogenous temporal logic or a complex, heterogenous alternative? These are the fascinating, yet elusive, questions I aim to constructively address. The complexity of this theoretical agenda necessitates standing on the shoulders of giants, as it were. And so this essay begins in Section II with a critical overview of the pathbreaking contribution of William Sewell part social historian, part historical sociologist in his magisterial Logics of History. With Sewell’s aid we shall explore how the historical imagination conceives of causality and temporality, and how this nuanced treatment exposes fundamental flaws in the arguments forwarded by mainstream scholars of contentious politics. We then consider, and critically assess, Sewell’s favored conception of an “eventful” temporality, which underscores how resilient social structures can be transformed by contingent occurrences and powerful exercises of individual agency. While laudably ambitious and generally compelling, in Section III I argue that the residual flaws of Sewell’s intervention necessitate scouting the scholarly landscape for ways to bolster his “eventful” theory of history. First, I claim that Sewell undertheorizes the causal significance of event duration and its interaction with specifically contentious acts of individual agency. I thus turn to Mark Beissinger’s fertile theory of “thickened” history in Nationalist Mobilization and the Collapse of the Soviet State to underscore how temporally compressed contentious events are both unique in their underlying dynamics and their transformative potential. Secondly, I posit that Sewell’s rejection of the comparative method impedes social scientists’ ability to probe how the same historical event can produce remarkably heterogenous structural legacies when it interacts with variant social context. To sharpen this critique and defend the utility of the comparative method, I turn to Ruth and David Collier’s Shaping the Political Arena,
Efficacité, sensibilité, spécificité : comparaison de différents tests de lecture

Resume De nombreux outils ont ete developpes pour realiser un depistage precoce des troubles du langage ecrit. Cependant, peu de recherches ont compare leurs performances ou leurs capacites diagnostiques. Notre etude a pour but d’evaluer 6 tests de lecture (Time2, LUM, lecture de mots et de pseudo-mots de l’Evalec, subtest de decodage de la Batelem et une epreuve de decodage non etalonnee) en prenant l’Alouette comme test de reference. Les courbes ROC ont permis de comparer leurs qualites diagnostiques (sensibilite, specificite, valeurs informatives, capacite informative attendue) et de determiner des seuils optimaux. Les resultats montrent que ces tests ont de bonnes performances globales mais qu’ils different quant a leurs qualites diagnostiques. Des strategies d’utilisation sont proposees dans le cadre d’une procedure de depistage chez les enfants de CE1 : LUM et Time2 en premiere intention, les epreuves de lecture de mots de la Batelem et de l’Evalec en vue d’une confirmation.
Towards Multi-Tenant Performance SLOs

As traditional and mission-critical relational database workloads migrate to the cloud in the form of Database-as-a-Service (DaaS), there is an increasing motivation to provide performance goals in Service Level Objectives (SLOs). Providing such performance goals is challenging for DaaS providers as they must balance the performance that they can deliver to tenants and the data center's operating costs. In general, aggressively aggregating tenants on each server reduces the operating costs but degrades performance for the tenants, and vice versa. In this paper, we present a framework that takes as input the tenant workloads, their performance SLOs, and the server hardware that is available to the DaaS provider, and outputs a cost-effective recipe that specifies how much hardware to provision and how to schedule the tenants on each hardware resource. We evaluate our method and show that it produces effective solutions that can reduce the costs for the DaaS provider while meeting performance goals.
Effects of Feeding Spodoptera littoralis on Lima Bean Leaves. III. Membrane Depolarization and Involvement of Hydrogen Peroxide1

In response to herbivore (Spodoptera littoralis) attack, lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) leaves produced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in concentrations that were higher when compared to mechanically damaged (MD) leaves. Cellular and subcellular localization analyses revealed that H2O2 was mainly localized in MD and herbivore-wounded (HW) zones and spread throughout the veins and tissues. Preferentially, H2O2 was found in cell walls of spongy and mesophyll cells facing intercellular spaces, even though confocal laser scanning microscopy analyses also revealed the presence of H2O2 in mitochondria/peroxisomes. Increased gene and enzyme activations of superoxide dismutase after HW were in agreement with confocal laser scanning microscopy data. After MD, additional application of H2O2 prompted a transient transmembrane potential (Vm) depolarization, with a Vm depolarization rate that was higher when compared to HW leaves. In transgenic soybean (Glycine max) suspension cells expressing the Ca2+-sensing aequorin system, increasing amounts of added H2O2 correlated with a higher cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt) concentration. In MD and HW leaves, H2O2 also triggered the increase of [Ca2+]cyt, but MD-elicited [Ca2+]cyt increase was more pronounced when compared to HW leaves after addition of exogenous H2O2. The results clearly indicate that Vm depolarization caused by HW makes the membrane potential more positive and reduces the ability of lima bean leaves to react to signaling molecules.
Readiness for work injury management and prevention: important attributes for early graduate occupational therapists and physiotherapists.

BACKGROUND Early graduate occupational therapists (OTs) and physiotherapists (PTs) are routinely employed in work injury management and prevention in Australia. However, our understanding is limited about employer requirements for early graduates entering the field, and how commencing practitioners manage transition to practice. In addition, employers have expressed concerns anecdotally about the preparedness of early graduates for work injury management and prevention. However, evidence is limited about early gradutate preparedness for the field. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to develop a detailed qualitative account of the perceptions of employers and early graduates on the attributes required of early graduates in work injury management and prevention, and processes for effective transition to practice in this field. METHOD A purposive sample of 12 employers and 12 early graduates in work injury management and prevention participated in semi-structured interviews. Questions to employers focused on recruitment, supervision and readiness for practice. Questions to early graduates focused on challenges in transition and effective learning methods. Transcripts were analysed by Leximancer™ and supported by manual coding and synthesis. RESULTS Four themes with findings were, 1) 'Job and workplace requirements'; skills required by employers and support needed for early graduates, 2) 'Learning for work injury management and prevention'; options for early graduate development and learning methods early graduates found effective, 3) 'Employer expectations of early graduates in transition to work injury management and prevention', responses to transition; and 4) 'Early graduate perceptions on transition to work injury management and prevention'; early graduates responses to transition. CONCLUSION Findings for employers and early graduates were similar to those expected in other areas of practice for OTs and PTs. Work injury management and prevention skills were not expected of early graduates by employers. Employers and early graduates shared similar views that clinical education in work injury management and prevention was useful to early graduates entering this field. Physiotherapy employers considered PT early graduates not yet ready for work injury management and prevention.
MR imaging of in vivo recruitment of iron oxide-labeled macrophages in experimentally induced soft-tissue infection in mice.

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in depicting in vivo recruitment of iron oxide-labeled macrophages in experimentally induced soft-tissue infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed according to the guidelines of the U.S. National Institutes of Health and recommendations of the committee on animal research. The protocol was approved by the local institutional review committee on animal care. Experimental soft-tissue infection in 12 mice was induced by inoculation with a 5 x 10(7) colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus into the left calf. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested from thioglycollate-treated mice, cultured, and labeled with iron oxide in vitro. The iron oxide-labeled macrophage (macrophage group, n = 6) or iron oxide solution (control group, n = 6) was administered through the tail vein. The left calf of the mice was imaged on days 2 and 3 with a 4.7-T MR unit. Changes in relative signal intensity (SI) and pattern of contrast material enhancement (macrophage distribution) were analyzed and compared with histopathologic findings. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. RESULTS On MR images obtained 24 hours after administration of macrophage labeled with iron oxide, a band-shaped lower SI zone was noted in the abscess wall, which corresponded to the distribution of the iron oxide-labeled macrophages at histopathologic examination. The relative SI of the abscess wall significantly decreased after injection of iron oxide-labeled macrophages (median, 0.42) compared with that before injection (median, 1.23) (P = .031). In the control group, the SI change after administration of iron oxide solution was not significant (P = .688). CONCLUSION Homing of intravenously administered iron oxide-labeled macrophages can be monitored with MR imaging and may provide a tool to investigate interactions between macrophages and the invading pathogens.
Environmental psychology and the geographies of ethical and sustainable consumption: aligning, triangulating, challenging?

Human geographers’ research into lay responses to burgeoning environmental issues has highlighted their mediated and contingent constitution. Situated within the discipline's cultural turn, this work has challenged prevailing informational and cognitive approaches to sustainability. In doing so, however, potentially informative concepts and findings from environmental psychology have been sidelined. In this paper I attempt a modest allying of the two sub-disciplines, outlining their differences and similarities, and arguing that environmental psychology can triangulate with human geography, as well as challenge tendencies within human geography literatures to simplify the ‘psychological’ subject.