Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIFICITY OF COGNITIVE BIASES IN SOCIAL PHOBIA AND THEIR ROLE IN RECOVERY

Cognitive theorists propose that each anxiety disorder is associated with a specific tendency to overestimate the danger inherent in particular situations or internal states. Studies comparing anxious patients with non-patient controls have shown that several anxiety disorders are associated with elevated subjective estimates of the likelihood (probability) and cost of negative events. The present study focuses on social phobia and extends previous findings by: a) including a control group of equally anxious patients with another anxiety disorder and b) investigating the effects of successful cognitive and drug treatments on patients' probability and cost estimates. In line with cognitive theory, the results indicate that social phobia is associated with a specific elevation in subjective estimates of both the probability and cost of potentially negative social events. Reductions in overestimation occurred in successful cognitive and drug treatment and were closely related to the degree of symptomatic improvement in both treatments. Contrary to previous findings, there was no evidence that reductions in cost were more important than reductions in probability.
Girls take over: Long-term impacts of an early stage education intervention in the Philippines

This paper examines the long-term impacts of improved school quality at the elementary school stage on subsequent schooling investments and labor market outcomes using unique data from a recent survey that tracked students in the Philippines. Empirical results, based on a comparison of students who graduated from treatment and control schools before and after a school intervention, show significant differences in subsequent schooling investments, migration, and labor market earnings between females and males. That is, females study more (relative to males) and tend to migrate and earn more if they receive high-quality educational investments at an early stage. The above results are consistent with females' greater incentives to study, driven by their higher returns to schooling, especially after high school completion, observed in the labor market.
Privacy Preservation in a Two-Tiered Sensor Network through Correlation Tracking

The architecture of two tiered sensor networks, where storage nodes serve as an intermediate tier between sensors and a sink for storing and processing data, has aroused researchers' attention because of the benefits of power and storage saving. In a sensor network, multiple sensor data streams are correlated. Correlation tracking can describe the key trends and reduce the complexity of further data processing. However, the importance of storage nodes also makes them attractive to attackers. In this paper we propose a method to guarantee both the utility and privacy of data on storage nodes through correlation tracking. To preserve privacy, we add random noise on original data. To preserve utility, the additive noise is distributed along the direction of sensor data. We provide both a mathematical and experimental evaluation on real dataset to validate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Statistically Rigorous Human Movement Onset Detection with the Maximal Information Redundancy Criterion

Stroke patients have a decreased ability in performing activity of daily living (ADL) tasks such as in "drinking a glass of water", "lifting a bag", "turning a key" and so on. Sensorimotor force and torque measurements from patients performing these standardized ADL tasks are hypothesized to give quantitative information about the recovery process. Parts of the force/torque measurements contain useful information, when related to the initiation of the movement during ADL tasks. Here we address the challenging problem of automatically extracting the movement initiation from these force/torque measurements. We will adopt a machine learning approach which relies on the statistically rigorous maximal information redundancy (MIR) criterion. This assumes that movement initiation parts of the signals are characterized by an increased redundancy in the signal. A thorough evaluation of the criterion shows that the accuracy of the criterion in movement onset detection is close to that of clinical experts
Additive Average Schwarz Methods for Discretization of Elliptic Problems with Highly Discontinuous Coefficients

Abstract A second order elliptic problem with highly discontinuous coefficients has been considered. The problem is discretized by two methods: 1) continuous finite element method (FEM) and 2) composite discretization given by a continuous FEM inside the substructures and a discontinuous Galerkin method (DG) across the boundaries of these substructures. The main goal of this paper is to design and analyze parallel algorithms for the resulting discretizations. These algorithms are additive Schwarz methods (ASMs) with special coarse spaces spanned by functions that are almost piecewise constant with respect to the substructures for the first discretization and by piecewise constant functions for the second discretization. It has been established that the condition number of the preconditioned systems does not depend on the jumps of the coefficients across the substructure boundaries and outside of a thin layer along the substructure boundaries. The algorithms are very well suited for parallel computations.
Automatically Tuned Dense Linear Algebra for Multicore+GPU

The Multicore+GPU architecture has been adopted in some of the fastest supercomputers listed on the TOP500. The MAGMA project aims to develop a dense linear algebra library similar to LAPACK but for heterogeneous/hybrid architectures processors like Multicore+GPU. However, to provide portable performance, manual parameter tuning is required. This paper presents automatically tuned LU factorization. The key parameter of LU factorization is tuned automatically to optimize performance for a particular GPU platform. Moreover, we propose a work stealing scheme and GREENsynchronization to decrease the power consumption of the LU factorization and accelerate the entire application.
Wave-SOM: A Novel Wavelet-Based Clustering Algorithm for Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns

In this paper, the authors present a wavelet-based algorithm (Wave-SOM) to help visualize and cluster oscillatory time-series data in two-dimensional gene expression micro-arrays. Using various wavelet transformations, raw data are first de-noised by decomposing the time-series into low and high frequency wavelet coefficients. Following thresholding, the coefficients are fed as an input vector into a two-dimensional Self-Organizing-Map clustering algorithm. Transformed data are then clustered by minimizing the Euclidean (L2) distance between their corresponding fluctuation patterns. A multi-resolution analysis by Wave-SOM of expression data from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, exposed to oxidative stress and glucose-limited growth, identified 29 genes with correlated expression patterns that were mapped into 5 different nodes. The ordered clustering of yeast genes by Wave-SOM illustrates that the same set of genes (encoding ribosomal proteins) can be regulated by two different environmental stresses, oxidative stress and starvation. The algorithm provides heuristic information regarding the similarity of different genes. Using previously studied expression patterns of yeast cell-cycle and functional genes as test data sets, the authorsâ€™ algorithm outperformed five other competing programs.
Competencies, Technological Change and Network Dynamics. The case of the bio-pharmaceutical industry

This paper is a study on the organizational mechanisms guiding the search and exploitation of technological competencies. It focuses on a specific organization form, namely networks of collaborative relationships among firms, in a specific technology, pharmaceutical biotechnology. There are several reasons why we believe this subject is interesting and relevant to the broader Dynacom project. First, networks of collaborative relationships among firms have attracted a great deal of attention in recent times among sociologists, organizational theorists and industrial economists, as it is now widely recognized that collaborative relationships are an important form of organization of innovative activities, especially (but not only) in high technology industries. It is therefore crucial to understand their logic, the processes that guide their emergence and subsequent evolution and their implications for the performance of individual companies and industries. In this paper, we focus only on a subset of these questions. We examine in particular the dynamics of networks and derive only some very preliminary implications in terms of the performance of firms, industries and countries. \ These issues will be the subject of a companion paper, which will be focused on the analysis of the role and performance of European companies within the global network Second, biotechnology is a major new technological paradigm which has been deeply transforming the nature of the relevant competencies and of the learning processes in various industries, particularly in pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical industry used to be-and to a large extent still is-one of the sectors where Europe enjoyed relative and in some cases absolute technological and competitive advantages. However, over the past two decades these advantages have been partly eroded. US companies have clearly taken the lead in innovation and sales. Within Europe, British firms have shown a remarkable performance, whilst the position of the German industry-which has been an absolute world leader for almost a century-has been deteriorating. Whilst there is a considerable debate about the reasons and the extent of this decline, a wide consensus appears to exist on the consideration that this (partial) decline is linked to the joint working of two main factors: \ a series of big technological shocks and a series of large institutional shocks (ranging from the introduction of tighter regulations in the process of approval of drugs, to policies of cost containment of health expenditures, etc.). Thus, it is certainly relevant to explore in some detail how these shocks have impacted on …
Development of Semi-Automatic Segmentation Methods for Measuring Tibial Cartilage Volume

Osteoarthritis is a chronic and crippling disease affecting an increasing number of people each year. With no known cure, it is expected to reach epidemic proportions in the coming years. Currently, there is strong interest in developing a fully automated cartilage area/volume measurement method in the medical field to assist both pharmaceutical companies and medical professions in researching the disease. This paper describes the development of two different semi-automatic methods for segmenting and measuring human knee cartilage volume from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Two different approaches were adopted, a data driven segmentation technique using directional Canny filters and a model based segmentation method using an improved Active Shape Model (ASM) scheme. The cartilage volume obtained using each method was benchmarked against the current "gold standard" (cartilage volume from manual segmentation).
Freezing survival and cryoprotective dehydration as cold tolerance mechanisms in the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus davidi

SUMMARY The relative importance of freezing tolerance and cryoprotective dehydration in the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus davidi has been investigated. If nucleation of the medium is initiated at a high subzero temperature (-1°C), the nematodes do not freeze but dehydrate. This effect occurs in deionised water, indicating that the loss of water is driven by the difference in vapour pressure of ice and supercooled water at the same temperature. If the nematodes are held above their nucleation temperature for a sufficient time, or are cooled slowly, enough water is lost to prevent freezing (cryoprotective dehydration). However, if the medium is nucleated at lower temperatures or if the sample is cooled at a faster cooling rate, the nematodes freeze and can survive intracellular ice formation. P. davidi thus has a variety of mechanisms that ensure its survival in its harsh terrestrial Antarctic habitat.
Design and Application of Magnetostrictive “ MS ” Materials

Magnetostriction is the change in shape of materials under the influence of an external magnetic field. The cause of magnetostriction change in length is the result of the rotation of small magnetic domains. This rotation and re-orientation causes internal strains in the material structure. The strains in the structure lead to the stretching (in the case of positive magnetostriction) of the material in the direction of the magnetic field. During this stretching process the cross-section is reduced in a way that the volume is kept nearly constant. The size of the volume change is so small that it can be neglected under normal operating conditions. Applying a stronger field leads to stronger and more definite re-orientation of more and more domains in the direction of magnetic field. When all the magnetic domains have become aligned with the magnetic field the saturation point has been achieved. This paper presents the state of the art of the magnetostrictive materials and their applications such as: Reaction Mass Actuator, A standard Terfenol-D Actuator, Linear Motor Based on Terfenol-D (Worm Motor), Terfenol-D in Sonar Transducers, Terfenol-D Wireless Rotational Motor, Terfenol-D Electro-Hydraulic Actuator, Wireless Linear Micro-Motor, Magnetostrictive Film Applications, Magnetostrictive Contactless Torque Sensors and many other applications. The study shows that excellent features can be obtained by Magnetostrictive materials for many advanced applications.
Use-Value of Music Event Experiences: A “Triple Ex” Model Explaining Direct and Indirect Use-Value of Events

Abstract To describe the value of event experiences remains a challenge for event research. Recently, use-value has been successfully applied to event valuation, drawing on extensive research and a validated methodology from environmental and culture economics. The objectives of this study are first to define direct and indirect use-value in an event context, second to suggest an explanatory model for direct and indirect use-value and third to test this model against data from 714 visitors to a three-day music festival. The results show that the concepts can be defined, measured and validated. The “Triple Ex” model gives a good fit to data and reveals significant influences from the three ex: experiences, extent of the visit and expenditure for the visit. Socio-economic variables are not significant. The model is suggested as a first step towards a better understanding of how use-value is created and more detailed studies of time and space dimensions of the three factors are proposed for further research.
Interpersonal Justice, Relational Conflict, and Commitment to Change: The Moderating Role of Social Interaction

Drawing from Conservation of Resources theory, this study examines the hitherto unexplored mediating role of relational conflict in the link between interpersonal justice and commitment to change, as well as how social interaction might moderate this mediating effect. Data were captured from employees directly affected by a large-scale restructuring in a European-based organisation. The analyses show that interpersonal justice positively affects commitment to change and that relationship conflict fully mediates the relationship. Further, social interaction moderates both the interpersonal justice‐relational conflict and the relational conflict‐commitment to change relationships, such that they get invigorated at higher levels of social interaction. The findings also reveal that the indirect effect of interpersonal justice on commitment to change, through relational conflict, is more pronounced at higher levels of social interaction, in support of a moderated mediation effect. These findings have significant implications for research and practice.
Understanding stereotype lift: The role of the social self.

Stereotype lift occurs when non–targets perform better in a stereotype–relevant testing situation compared to a testing situation that is less stereotype–relevant. The boundary conditions of this effect, however, are not well understood. To this end, the present research focuses on one critical moderator of stereotype lift, namely activation of non–targets' social self in stereo- type–relevant (i.e., diagnostic) testing situations. Results showed that simply describing a test as diagnostic of ability did not lead to strong lift effects unless the social self was also activated (either indirectly or directly): non–targets need more “pushing” to activate their social self in diagnostic testing situations because they are notthreatened by a negative stereotype. In contrast, we found that the test diagnosticity manipulation was enough to cause stereotype threat because targets need less pushing to activate their social self and the associated negative stereotype in diagnostic testing situations.
Validity of the Draw-A-Person: Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance (DAP:SPED) in Strengths-Based Assessment

Objective: This is the first validity study to date to examine the relationship between the Draw-A-Person: Screening Procedure for Emotional Disturbance (DAP:SPED) and strengths-based emotional and behavioral measures. The incremental predictive validity of the DAP:SPED relative to the Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale was examined. Method: Youth in the sample (N = 109; 9 to 14 years old) were in general education classes or receiving special education services. Results: Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that the DAP:SPED accounted for 21.7% of the variance in Interpersonal Strength parent report (β = -.480; p < .001), after controlling for demographic variables and Interpersonal Strength student report, and accounted for 27.4% of the variance in Intra-personal Strength (β = -.562; p < .001), controlling for educational placement. Conclusions: The DAP:SPED is a useful youth-report instrument in large environments (e.g., schools) as a quick and nonthreatening way to identify those youth who may need more specialized attention.
Social networks of foreign subsidiary managers as “ glocal ” coordination

The purpose of this paper is: (1) to review the assumptions of the interaction and industrial network approaches on industrial coordination, (2) to examine the role of subsidiary managers in industrial inter-firm relationships, and (3) to synthesize previous conceptualisations of the multinational as both an intraand inter-organizational network, particularly within the “process school” of diversified multinationals. As a corollary of these tasks and of a study of eleven industrial Portuguese subsidiaries of Finnish multinationals, the paper suggests theoretical propositions on social networks of foreign subsidiary managers as a mechanism of coordination in industrial markets. In the final section, some managerial implications are outlined.
Everyday entrepreneurial action and cultural embeddedness: an institutional logics perspective

This study analyses the interrelationship between the micro-foundations of institutionalization and everyday entrepreneurial action using material gathered from ethnography of owner-founders of micro and small enterprises in the design sub-sector of the creative industries. We examine how cultural embeddedness enables and constrains entrepreneurial action using a cross-level model to highlight three levels of analysis where an institutional logics perspective might productively intersect with entrepreneurship theory development. The contribution of this study lies in the examination of how an institutional logics perspective can extend entrepreneurship theory at a micro and meso level while also suggesting a framework for integrating cultural context and the macro-level consequences of entrepreneurial actions.
ElasticCore: Enabling dynamic heterogeneity with joint core and voltage/frequency scaling

Heterogeneous architectures have emerged as a promising solution to enhance energy-efficiency by allowing each application to run on a core that matches resource needs more closely than a one-size-fits-all core. In this paper, an ElasticCore platform is described where core resources along with the operating voltage and frequency settings are scaled to match the application behavior at run-time. Furthermore, a linear regression model for power and performance prediction is used to guide the scaling of the core size and the operating voltage and frequency to maximize efficiency. Circuit considerations that further optimize the power efficiency of ElasticCore are also considered. Specifically, the efficiency of both off-chip and on-chip voltage regulators is analyzed for the heterogeneous architecture where the required load current changes dynamically at run-time. A distributed on-chip voltage regulator topology is proposed to accommodate the heterogeneous nature of the ElasticCore. The results indicate that ElasticCore on average achieves close to a 96% efficiency as compared to an architecture implementing the Oracle predictor where the application behavior is perfectly matched at run-time. Moreover, the proposed architecture is 30% more energy-efficient as compared to the BigLitte architecture.
Irreversibility of time and the construction of historical developmental psychology

Developmental psychology has failed to emphasize the historical nature of the phenomena of development. Hence it continues to face a major conceptual problem: the time frame of developmental phenomena is irreversible, whereas our accounts of development assume repetitiveness of different kinds of developmental events across places and times. This problem was addressed by Henri Bergson in his philosophy of time and constructive evolution. Bergson's thinking was the major source of intellectual influence upon the major developmental scientists of this century (e.g., J. Piaget, L. Vygotsky, H. Wallon), and was in its turn based on the psychological, evolutionary and sociogenetic thinking of the turn of the century (J. M. Baldwin, P. Janet, W. James). Despite its later development in the intuitivist direction, Bergson's thinking about the dynamics of life processes deserves careful analysis in a number of specific domains (e.g., concept of time, role of semiotic mediation in the regulation of the stream of co.