Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA): An Attempt at a More Precise Measure of Ageism

RÉSUMÉ “The Fraboni Scale of Ageism” (FSA), de même que les rapports de son facteur du concept psychologique, de sa crédibilité de consistance interne, et de sa relation avec “The Acceptance of Others Scale”, “The Facts on Aging Quiz”, et “The Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale” (N = 231) sont présentés dans cette étude. Le concept psychologique du FSA est tiré de la définition d'âgéisme chez Butler (1978), et il veut mesurer la composante affective des attitudes, afin de compléter l'aspect cognitif mesuré par les autres instruments. Le FSA avait trouvé une validité suffisante du concept psychologique et une crédibilité interne élevée. Les rapports avec les autres concepts psychologiques mesurés ont maintenu le caractère unique du FSA et ont révélé une influence réduite de l'utilité sociale. On a remarqué que le sexe des individus expliquait quelques divergences dans les scores du FSA. ABSTRACT The Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) is introduced in this study with reports of its factor structure, internal consistency reliability, and its relationship to The Acceptance of Others Scale, The Facts on Aging Quiz, and The Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (N = 231). The FSA construct is derived from Butler's (1978) definition of ageism, and is intended to measure the affective component of attitude to supplement the cognitive aspect measured by other instruments. The FSA was found to have adequate construct validity and high internal reliability. Relationships to the other constructs measured supported the uniqueness of the FSA and revealed a lack of influence from social desirability. Sex was found to account for some variance in FSA scores.
Educational Change Over Time? The Sustainability and Nonsustainability of Three Decades of Secondary School Change and Continuity

Purpose: This article presents the conceptual framework, methodological design, and key research findings from a Spencer Foundation-funded project of long-term educational change over time. Research Design: Based on more than 200 interviews, supplementary observations, and extensive archival data, it examines perceptions and experiences of educational change in eight high schools in the United States and Canada among teachers and administrators who worked in the schools in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Findings: The article indicates that most mainstream educational change theory and practice in the field of educational administration neglects the political, historical, and longitudinal aspects of change to their detriment. Educational change, it finds, is shaped by the convergence of large-scale economic and demographic shifts that produce five change forces (waves of reform, changing student demographics, teacher generations, leadership succession, and school interrelations) that have defined three distinct periods of educational change during the past 30 years. Conclusions: These forces and their convergence have ultimately reaffirmed the traditional identities and practices of conventional high schools and pulled innovative ones back toward the traditional norm in an age of standardization (though to a lesser extent where the schools are professional learning communities or have anactivist orientation). Conclusions are drawn in the form of a strategic theory of sustainable change.
Access of Antibody Molecules to the Conserved Coreceptor Binding Site on Glycoprotein gp120 Is Sterically Restricted on Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

ABSTRACT Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies whose binding to gp120 is enhanced by CD4 binding (CD4i antibodies) are generally considered nonneutralizing for primary HIV-1 isolates. However, a novel CD4i-specific Fab fragment, X5, has recently been found to neutralize a wide range of primary isolates. To investigate the precise nature of the extraordinary neutralizing ability of Fab X5, we evaluated the abilities of different forms (immunoglobulin G [IgG], Fab, and single-chain Fv) of X5 and other CD4i monoclonal antibodies to neutralize a range of primary HIV-1 isolates. Our results show that, for a number of isolates, the size of the neutralizing agent is inversely correlated with its ability to neutralize. Thus, the poor ability of CD4i-specific antibodies to neutralize primary isolates is due, at least in part, to steric factors that limit antibody access to the gp120 epitopes. Studies of temperature-regulated neutralization or fusion-arrested intermediates suggest that the steric effects are important in limiting the binding of IgG to the viral envelope glycoproteins after HIV-1 has engaged CD4 on the target cell membrane. The results identify hurdles in using CD4i epitopes as targets for antibody-mediated neutralization in vaccine design but also indicate that the CD4i regions could be efficiently targeted by small molecule entry inhibitors.
Academic Self‐concept, Implicit Theories of Ability, and Self‐regulation Strategies

The purpose of the present study is to explore how academic self‐concept and implicit theories of ability are related to four self‐regulation strategies—motivation/diligence, concentration, information processing, and self‐handicapping. The hypothesis is that academic self‐concept and an incremental theory of ability are (1) positively related to motivation/diligence, concentration, and information processing strategies, and (2) negatively related to self‐handicapping strategies. On the basis of inventories 168 teacher students and 60 sport students (a total of 178 females and 50 males) were scored on academic self‐concept, incremental and fixed theories of ability and the four self‐regulation strategies. Multiple regression analysis was used for each self‐regulation strategy as dependent variable, and with academic self‐concept and the ability theories as independent variables. Results revealed that an incremental theory had, as predicted, a positive relation with motivation/diligence and concentration, but had only trivial relations with information processing and self‐handicapping, whereas a fixed theory had only the predicted relation with self‐handicapping. As hypothesised, a high academic self‐concept was positively related to motivation/diligence, conception, and information processing and negatively to self‐handicapping. The findings may indicate that, in order to promote meta‐theoretical processing and prevent student from self‐handicapping, it is important to strengthen academic self‐concept, and to foster an incremental conception of ability among students.
Automatic Identification of Simultaneous Singers in Duet Recordings

The problem of identifying singers in music recordings has received considerable attention with the explosive growth of the Internet and digital media. Although a number of studies on automatic singer identification from acoustic features have been reported, most systems to date, however, reliably establish the identity of singers in solo recordings only. The research presented in this paper attempts to automatically identify singers in music recordings that contain overlapping singing voices. Two approaches to overlapping singer identification are proposed and evaluated. Results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of the systems.
Hybrid LQ optimization of linear network based systems

This paper deals with an optimal design of linear network based control systems. We study a class of delayed dynamical systems in the continuous time-domain and propose an optimization approach based on the newly elaborated hybrid LQ-type techniques. Moreover, we develop an explicit connection between the given network based control processes and auxiliary hybrid models. The optimal feedback control strategy for the network based control systems is obtained as a consequence of the Riccati-formalism for the associated hybrid LQ problems. We also discuss some alternative optimization techniques and stability properties of the optimal trajectories.
Sex Differences in Emotion

This article examines the findings of several reviews of the empirical literature on biological sex and emotion, focusing on the degree to which perceived sex differences in emotionality are, and in most cases are not, supported while at the same time addressing the implications this body of research has for counseling psychologists. This article also explores potential explanations, such as gender role socialization or situational influences, for the profession’s continued acceptance of large innate sex-based affective differences. Finally, the third section discusses several concerns this continued acceptance raises for the practice of counseling, whereas the last section offers a research agenda building on the review presented herein.
Detection of Jamming Attacks in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Using Error Distribution

Mobile ad hoc networks are a new wireless networking paradigm for mobile hosts. Unlike traditional mobile wireless networks, ad hoc networks do not rely on any fixed infrastructure. Instead, hosts rely on each other to keep the network connected. The military tactical and other security-sensitive operations are still the main applications of ad hoc networks. One main challenge in design of these networks is their vulnerability to Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. In this paper, we consider a particular class of DoS attacks called Jamming. The objective of a jammer is to interfere with legitimate wireless communications. A jammer can achieve this goal by either preventing a real traffic source from sending out a packet, or by preventing the reception of legitimate packets. We propose in this study a new method of detection of such attack by the measurement of error distribution.
Assimilation of Break line and LiDAR Data within ESRI ’ s Terrain Data Structure ( TDS ) for creating a Multi-Resolution Terrain Model

Building a digital terrain model (DTM) from LiDAR data can successfully be performed using a few techniques, but the quality of the resulted model and the way the terrain information is handled during the processing phase remain a challenge. A new framework for creating a DTM from LiDAR data within ArcGIS ® utilizes the new ESRI data structure known as Terrain Data Set (TDS). This article presents a method utilized within the TDS framework to produce a multi-resolution DTM from LiDAR data that incorporates the terrain break lines. The created multi-resolution terrain models allow for explicit, scale-invariant visualization and analysis of the topography in the study area. Creation of terrain models this way allows for efficient storage and management of the terrain information in the geodatabase.
Single-stage single-switch isolated PFC regulator with unity power factor, fast transient response and low voltage stress

In this paper a simple control method is presented for a single-stage single-switch isolated PFC regulator that can simultaneously achieve unity power factor and fast output voltage regulation, while keeping the voltage stress of the storage capacitor low. The power converter topology comprises essentially a cascade combination of a discontinuous-mode boost converter and a continuous-mode forward converter. The proposed control utilises variation of both duty cycle and frequency. The role of varying the duty cycle is mainly to regulate the output voltage. Changing the frequency, moreover, can achieve unity power factor as well as low voltage stress. Basically, the switching frequency is controlled such that it has a time periodic component superposed on top of a static value. While the time periodic component removes the harmonic contents of the input current, the static value is adjusted according to the load condition so as to maintain a sufficiently low voltage stress across the storage capacitor. The theory is first presented which shows the possibility of meeting all three requirements using a combined duty-cycle and frequency control. An experimental prototype circuit is presented to verify the controller's functions.
Fashion Photography and Women's Modernity in Weimar Germany: The Case of Yva

This paper examines the relevance of fashion photography as a source for the study of women's modernity in Germany between the wars as it focuses on the work of a fascinating and prolific professional photographer of the late 1920s and early 1930s—Else Neuländer Simon—known by her artistic name Yva. Yva discovered her own unique visual language somewhere between the commercial clichés and the modernist idioms of her time. As a successful professional photographer, she continuously searched for an image of the woman in fashion and advertisement photography that was not reductive and degrading. In an era when images of the woman as a sexual symbol were dominating mass media and were proven to attract customers, Yva positioned her photographed female model in a way that did not diminish her to a mere eye-catcher for the male spectator.
The Cost of Acquiring Public Hunting Access on Family Forests Lands

To address the issue of declining access to private forest land in the United States for hunting, over 1,000 Minnesota family forest owners were surveyed to estimate the cost of acquiring non-exclusive public hunting access rights. The results indicate landowner interest in selling access rights is extremely modest. Using binary logistic regression, the mean annual compensation required to purchase public access on these lands is estimated at $50 per acre. Significant predictors of landowner willingness to sell unrestricted public hunting access rights are the compensation offered, owner's use of the property for hunting, land's hunting quality and market value, location of owner's residence, current posting practices, future ownership intentions, and concern for property damage. The high payment required to purchase this right reflects the value owners attach to exclusive hunting rights, cost of enrolling in a government-sponsored program, and inability to control who and how many hunt on the property.
Analytical structure, dynamics, and coarse-graining of a kinetic model of an active fluid

We analyze one of the simplest active suspensions with complex dynamics: a suspension of immotile "Extensor" particles that exert active extensile dipolar stresses on the fluid in which they are immersed. This is relevant to several experimental systems, such as recently studied tripartite rods that create extensile flows by consuming a chemical fuel. We first describe the system through a Doi-Onsager kinetic theory based on microscopic modeling. This theory captures the active stresses produced by the particles that can drive hydrodynamic instabilities, as well as the steric interactions of rod-like particles that lead to nematic alignment. This active nematic system yields complex flows and disclination defect dynamics very similar to phenomenological Landau-deGennes Q-tensor theories for active nematic fluids, as well as by more complex Doi-Onsager theories for polar microtubule/motor-protein systems. We apply the quasi-equilibrium Bingham closure, used to study suspensions of passive microscopic rods, to develop a non-standard Q-tensor theory. We demonstrate through simulation that this "BQ-tensor" theory gives an excellent analytical and statistical accounting of the suspension's complex dynamics, at a far reduced computational cost. Finally, we apply the BQ-tensor model to study the dynamics of Extensor suspensions in circular and bi-concave domains. In circular domains, we reproduce previous results for systems with weak nematic alignment, but for strong alignment find novel dynamics with activity-controlled defect production and absorption at the boundaries of the domain. In bi-concave domains, a Fredericks-like transition occurs as the width of the neck connecting the two disks is varied.
Molecular Dissection of the Interaction between the Small G Proteins Rac1 and RhoA and Protein Kinase C-related Kinase 1 (PRK1)*

PRK1 is a serine/threonine kinase that belongs to the protein kinase C superfamily. It can be activated either by members of the Rho family of small G proteins, by proteolysis, or by interaction with lipids. Here we investigate the binding of PRK1 to RhoA and Rac1, two members of the Rho family. We demonstrate that PRK1 binds with a similar affinity to RhoA and Rac1. We present the solution structure of the second HR1 domain from the regulatory N-terminal region of PRK1, and we show that it forms an anti-parallel coiled-coil. In addition, we have used NMR to map the binding contacts of the HR1b domain with Rac1. These are compared with the contacts known to form between HR1a and RhoA. We have used mutagenesis to define the residues in Rac that are important for binding to HR1b. Surprisingly, as well as residues adjacent to Switch I, in Switch II, and in helix α5, it appears that the C-terminal stretch of basic amino acids in Rac is required for a high affinity interaction with HR1b.
Service Configuration Management for Ambient Intelligence: The COMANCHE Approach

Ambient intelligence manifests itself through a collection of everyday devices incorporating computing and networking capabilities that enable them to interact with each other, make intelligent decisions and interact with users through user friendly multimodal interfaces. Ambient intelligence is driven by users' needs and the design of its capabilities should be driven by users' requirements. An example of an application exhibiting ambient intelligence is home automation. A consequence of embedding computing capabilities in everyday devices is the development of software to be installed and run on them. The presence of software requires certain procedures for managing its installation, versions and configurations. The COMANCHE project aims to design and develop a software configuration management infrastructure which can be used in the home automation domain. In such an environment, certain issues should be considered before installing new software versions on a given device, such as the user profile, co-existing devices and the way the new ones should interact with them, etc. This paper describes these issues together with trends in ambient intelligence, and finally presents the COMANCHE project objectives and preliminary architecture.
BIOANT A Biologically Plausible Connectionist Approach to an Insect Simulation

The system BIOANT is designed to demonstrate the use of a biologically plausible artificial neural network in a system that simulates a home insect. The insect chosen for simulation was the so-called “ghost ant” (tapinoma melanocephalum), which may be found easily in Brazil and throughout the world. The species was studied and a number of features (body structure and behavior patterns) were extracted in order to simulate them by means of a computational system prepared to run on personal computer platforms. Special emphasis was given to the use of a biologically plausible artificial neural network as the control instance of each ant. The network was designed according to the following principles [5]:
A Unified Approach to Generate Risk Measures

The paper derives many existing risk measures and premium principles by minimizing a Markov bound for the tail probability. Our approach involves two exogenous functions v(S) and φ(S, π) and another exogenous parameter α ≤ 1. Minimizing a general Markov bound leads to the following unifying equation: E [φ (S, π)] = αE [v (S)]. For any random variable, the risk measure π is the solution to the unifying equation. By varying the functions φ and v, the paper derives the mean value principle, the zero-utility premium principle, the Swiss premium principle, Tail VaR, Yaari's dual theory of risk, mixture of Esscher principles and more. The paper also discusses combining two risks with super-additive properties and sub-additive properties. In addition, we recall some of the important characterization theorems of these risk measures.
Implementation of CMOS Low-power Integer-N Frequency Synthesizer for SOC Design

The paper reports the implementation of a frequency synthesizer for system-on-chip (SOC) design. The epi-digital CMOS process is used to provide SOC solution. This work focuses on low-power consumption to achieve longer life-time of batteries. A 2.4GHz frequency synthesizer has been fabricated in 0. 18µm epi-digital CMOS technology for ZigBee applications, which consumed 7.95 mW from 1.8V supply. The synthesizer has achieved phase-noise of −81.55dBc/Hz and −108. 55dBc/Hz at 100kHz and 1MHz offset, respectively. The settling time measured is less than 25µs for an output frequency change of 75MHz from 2.4GHz. The chip core area is 0.75 × 0.65mm2.
Control Mechanisms in Cross-border Acquisitions: An International Comparison

This paper analyzes the influence of national culture on the integration mechan isms exercised in international acquisitions. The study of 75 international acquisi tions in Europe (France and the United Kingdom) shows that firms are influenced by their national administrative heritage when they acquire companies abroad. For instance, the French exercise higher formal control of the strategy and the operations, and lower informal control through teamwork than the Americans when they buy firms in the United Kingdom. The Americans exercise higher formal control through procedures than the British when they buy firms in France. As some of these aspects of control were found to be linked with the attitudinal and/or economic performance of the acquired company, we argue that being conscious of the influence of a national administrative heritage should help anticipate cultural problems in the integration process following international acquisitions.
Cache-Conscious Wavefront Scheduling

This paper studies the effects of hardware thread scheduling on cache management in GPUs. We propose Cache-Conscious Wave front Scheduling (CCWS), an adaptive hardware mechanism that makes use of a novel intra-wave front locality detector to capture locality that is lost by other schedulers due to excessive contention for cache capacity. In contrast to improvements in the replacement policy that can better tolerate difficult access patterns, CCWS shapes the access pattern to avoid thrashing the shared L1. We show that CCWS can outperform any replacement scheme by evaluating against the Belady-optimal policy. Our evaluation demonstrates that cache efficiency and preservation of intra-wave front locality become more important as GPU computing expands beyond use in high performance computing. At an estimated cost of 0.17% total chip area, CCWS reduces the number of threads actively issued on a core when appropriate. This leads to an average 25% fewer L1 data cache misses which results in a harmonic mean 24% performance improvement over previously proposed scheduling policies across a diverse selection of cache-sensitive workloads.