Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovering Information Explaining API Types Using Text Classification

Many software development tasks require developers to quickly learn a subset of an Application Programming Interface (API). API learning resources are crucial for helping developers learn an API, but the knowledge relevant to a particular topic of interest may easily be scattered across different documents, which makes finding the necessary information more challenging. This paper proposes an approach to discovering tutorial sections that explain a given API type. At the core of our approach, we classify fragmented tutorial sections using supervised text classification based on linguistic and structural features. Experiments conducted on five tutorials show that our approach is able to discover sections explaining an API type with precision between 0.69 and 0.87 (depending on the tutorial) when trained and tested on the same tutorial. When trained and tested across tutorials, we obtained a precision between 0.74 and 0.94 and lower recall values.
Predicting the three‐dimensional structure of human P‐glycoprotein in absence of ATP by computational techniques embodying crosslinking data: Insight into the mechanism of ligand migration and binding sites

P‐glycoprotein is a membrane protein involved in the phenomenon of multidrug resistance. Its activity and transport function have been largely characterized by various biochemical studies and a low‐resolution image has been obtained by electron microscopy. Obtaining a high‐resolution structure is, however, still remote due to the inherent difficulties in the experimental determination of membrane protein structures. We present here a three‐dimensional (3D) atomic model of P‐glycoprotein in absence of ATP. This model was obtained using a combination of computational techniques including comparative modeling and rigid body dynamics simulations that embody all available cysteine disulfide crosslinking data characterizing the whole protein in absence of ATP. The model features rather well most of the experimental interresidue distances derived both in the transmembrane domains and in the nucleotide binding domains. The model is also in good agreement with electron microscopy data, particularly in terms of size and topology. It features a large cavity detected in the protein core into which seven ligands were successfully docked. Their predicted affinity correlates well with experimental values. Locations of docked ligands compare favorably with those suggested by cysteine‐scanning data. The finding of different positions both for a single ligand and for different ligands corroborates the experimental evidence indicating the existence of multiple drug binding sites. The interactions identified between P‐glycoprotein and the docked ligands reveal that different types of interactions such as H‐bonds, π–π and cation–π interactions occur in agreement with a recently proposed pharmacophore model of P‐glycoprotein ligands. Furthermore, the model also displays a lateral opening located in the transmembrane domains connecting the lipid bilayer to the central cavity. This feature supports rather well the commonly admitted mechanism of substrate uptake from the lipid bilayer. We propose that this 3D model may be an important tool to understand the structure–function relationship of P‐glycoprotein. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A DC-DC boost converter with variation tolerant MPPT technique and efficient ZCS circuit for thermoelectric energy harvesting applications

This paper presents a boost converter with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique for thermoelectric energy harvesting (EH) applications. The technique realizes variation tolerance by adjusting the switching frequency fSW of the converter. A finely controlled zero-current switching (ZCS) scheme together with the accurate MPPT technique enhances the overall efficiency (η) of the converter because of an optimal turn-on time generated by a one-shot pulse generator that is proposed. Moreover, the ZCS technique can deal with low and high temperature differences applied to the thermoelectric generator. Experimentally, the converter implemented in a 0.35 um BCDMOS process had a peak of 72% at the input voltage VIN of 500mV while supplying a 5.62V output.
(Teen)Age is More than a Number: Generational Identity within the Context of HIV and AIDS

This study explored some of the complexities through which young adults construct and represent their sexual identities within the context of HIV/AIDS. The sample comprised a total of 136 (female = 77; male = 59) Indian and African learners, who were between the ages 15–19 years, in a co-educational school in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. The main methods of data collection employed were questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that most young people understand their teenage years as transitional, hormonal and necessarily experimental, and particularly with regard to sexual experimentation. The dominance of heterosexual morality and the transitional status of the adolescents appeared to erode young adults' power to act as responsible agents.
The prevalence and clinical significance of nocturnal hypertension in pregnancy

Objective To determine (a) the prevalence of hypertension during sleep in pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension, and (b) whether women with hypertension during sleep have worse pregnancy outcomes than hypertensive pregnant women with controlled (normal) blood pressure (BP) during sleep. Design Prospective double-blind cohort study. Setting Inpatients and outpatients managed in a day assessment unit (DAU) at St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Participants A total of 186 hypertensive pregnant women, 158 of whom had successful 24 h BP monitoring; 40% had proteinuric pre-eclampsia (PE), 43% gestational hypertension (GH) and 17% essential hypertension (EH). Interventions Blood pressure, 24 h non-invasive, monitoring (Spacelabs 90207) was undertaken successfully in 158 women with PE, GH or EH, whether or not they were receiving antihypertensives. Women and clinicians were blinded to results of these BP monitors. Sleep hypertension was defined as BP > 117/68 mmHg at 26–30 weeks or > 123/72 mmHg after 30 weeks gestation. Main outcome measures Maternal and fetal outcomes were compared between women with and without sleep hypertension and the prevalence of sleep hypertension was determined. Results Sleep hypertension was present in 59%, more commonly in PE (79%) than GH/EH (45%), P < 0.0001. Sleep hypertensives also had higher routine sphygmomanometer BPs [137(10)/91(7) mmHg; mean(SD)] than women with normal sleep BP [130(12)/87(8) mmHg] P = 0.007, and higher awake ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) BPs [137(8)/88(7) versus 127(7)/79(6) mmHg], P < 0.0001. Awake, but not sleep, average heart rate was lower in sleep hypertensives [85(11) versus 91(10) beats per minute, bpm], P = 0.002. Sleep hypertensives had a significantly greater frequency of renal insufficiency, liver dysfunction, thrombocytopenia and episodes of (awake) severe hypertension (P < 0.05), as well as lower birth weight babies [2715 (808) versus 3224(598) g, P < 0.0001]. Conclusions Hypertension during sleep is a common finding in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, particularly pre-eclampsia. These women also have higher awake BPs and a greater frequency of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. These findings are largely explained by the greater likelihood of pre-eclamptics having sleep hypertension.
Effect of a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on fetal growth and preterm delivery: results from a French Caribbean Mother-Child Cohort Study (TIMOUN).

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that a Mediterranean dietary pattern during pregnancy may influence pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy on fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preterm delivery (PTD) in a French Caribbean island where the population is largely of African descent and presents dietary patterns similar to MD. METHODS Using data from the TIMOUN Mother-Child Cohort Study conducted in Guadeloupe (French West Indies) between 2004 and 2007, we analysed data for 728 pregnant women who delivered liveborn singletons without any major congenital malformations. Degree of adherence to MD during pregnancy was evaluated with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire based on nine dietary criteria. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse birth outcomes while taking potential confounders into account. RESULTS Overall there was no association between MD adherence during pregnancy and the risk of PTD or FGR. However, pre-pregnancy body mass index was a strong effect modifier, and MD adherence was associated with a decreased risk of PTD specifically in overweight and obese women (adjusted odds ratio 0.7, 95% confidence interval 0.6, 0.9) (P heterogeneity <0.01). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Caribbean diet during pregnancy may carry some benefits of MD and may contribute to reduce the risk of PTD in overweight and obese pregnant women.
Anesthetic management of a child with Apert syndrome

In this paper, the authors describe an anesthetic technique for a child with Apert syndrome, presenting to the operating room for a syndactyly separation. The anesthetic approach is innovative for the clinic and is a combination of intravenous anesthesia and two regional techniques (axillary block and transversus abdominis plane block, respectively). They were performed under ultrasound guidance and provided analgesia in the two body regions, which were to be operated.
Symptom Management in Cancer

NIH Consensus Statements are prepared by a nonadvocate, non-Federal panel of experts, based on (1) presentations by investigators working in areas relevant to the consensus questions during a 2 day public session; (2) questions and statements from conference attendees during open discussion periods that are part of the public session; and (3) closed deliberations by the panel during the remainder of the second day and morning of the third. This statement is an independent report of the panel and is not a policy statement of the NIH or the Federal Government. The statement reflects the panel's assessment of medical knowledge available at the time the statement was written. Thus, it provides a "snapshot in time" of the state of knowledge on the conference topic. When reading the statement, keep in mind that new knowledge is inevitably accumulating through medical research.
Language Modeling for Document Selection in Question Answering

Usually, in the Question Answering domain, for a question in natural language, precise answers to the question are extracted from documents according only to the context of the question. In this work, we complemented this approach by adding a filtering process on top of the document retrieval. This way, the system reevaluates the documents it has originally selected during the information retrieval step before the answer extraction and scoring. Such re-evaluation aims at filtering out documents considered unusable for the search. Based on statistical language modeling, the filtering process firstly determines the intrinsic relevancy of a document and then decides whether this document is a priori relevant for finding answers. Evaluation on factoid questions and a collection of 500k web documents has shown our approach properly supports the Question Answering task.
SINCERA: A Pipeline for Single-Cell RNA-Seq Profiling Analysis

A major challenge in developmental biology is to understand the genetic and cellular processes/programs driving organ formation and differentiation of the diverse cell types that comprise the embryo. While recent studies using single cell transcriptome analysis illustrate the power to measure and understand cellular heterogeneity in complex biological systems, processing large amounts of RNA-seq data from heterogeneous cell populations creates the need for readily accessible tools for the analysis of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) profiles. The present study presents a generally applicable analytic pipeline (SINCERA: a computational pipeline for SINgle CEll RNA-seq profiling Analysis) for processing scRNA-seq data from a whole organ or sorted cells. The pipeline supports the analysis for: 1) the distinction and identification of major cell types; 2) the identification of cell type specific gene signatures; and 3) the determination of driving forces of given cell types. We applied this pipeline to the RNA-seq analysis of single cells isolated from embryonic mouse lung at E16.5. Through the pipeline analysis, we distinguished major cell types of fetal mouse lung, including epithelial, endothelial, smooth muscle, pericyte, and fibroblast-like cell types, and identified cell type specific gene signatures, bioprocesses, and key regulators. SINCERA is implemented in R, licensed under the GNU General Public License v3, and freely available from CCHMC PBGE website, https://research.cchmc. org/pbge/sincera.html.
Complexity of the Self: A Developmental Approach to Psychopathology and Therapy

PART I. THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES. 1. Introductory Notes on Self-Organized Complexity and a Systems Approach: Evolutionary Epistemology Hierarchical Organization and Coalitional Control Dynamic Equilibrium and Dialectical Growth Temporal Becoming and the Historical Dimension. 2. A Motor-Evolutionary Perspective on Human Knowledge: Motor Theories of the Mind Tacit and Explicit Levels of Knowing Emotions and the Primacy of Personal Meaning 3. On Selfhood Processes, Attachment, and Identity: Selfhood as a Dialectical, Interactive Process Attachment Processes and Self-Identity. PART II. DEVELOPMENTAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS. 4. Development: Introductory Remarks Infancy and Preschool Years Self-Recognition Parent-Child Relationship The Emergence of Emotions and Consciousness Selfhood Processes in Preschool Years Childhood Parent-Child Relations The Emergence of Stable Boundaries of the Self Selfhood Processes in Childhood Adolescence and Youth Parent-Child Relationship The Reorganization of Self-Boundaries Selfhood Processes in Adolescence and Youth. 5. Organization: A Two-Level Model of Knowledge Processes The Tacit Organizing Level The Explicit Structural Level Attitudes Toward Oneself and Reality The Notion of Personal Cognitive Organization Organizational Closure and Structural Openness Change and Systemic Coherence. PART III. TOWARD A SYSTEMS/PROCESS-ORIENTED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. 6. Patterns and Processes: The Influence of Parenting Behavior on Dysfunctional Patterns of Attachment Adolescence Reorganization and the Integration Problem Personal Cognitive Organizations and Clinical Patterns The Dynamics of Cognitive Dysfunction. 7. The Depressive Cognitive Organization: Dysfunctional Patterns of Attachment Identity Development Organizational Aspects Systemic Coherence The Dynamics of Cognitive Dysfunction. 8. The Agoraphobic Cognitive Organization: Dysfunctional Patterns of Attachment Identity Development Organizational Aspects Systemic Coherence The Dynamics of Cognitive Dysfunction. 9. The Eating Disorders Cognitive Organization: Invariant Aspects of Dysfunctional Patterns of Attachment Identity Development Organizational Aspects Systemic Coherence The Dynamics of Cognitive Dysfunction. 10. The Obsessive Cognitive Organization: Invariant Aspects of Dysfunctional Patterns of Attachment Identity Development Organizational Aspects Systemic Coherence The Dynamics of Cognitive Dysfunction. 11. Principles of Lifespan Developmental Psychopathology: Development as a Lifelong, Directional Process Bifurcation Points in Lifespan Dynamic Equilibrium The Notion of Life Theme. 12. Concluding Remarks. Appendix: Some Strategic Principles for Cognitive Therapy. References.
Integrative Neuroscience Review Article Educating the Blind Brain: a Panorama of Neural Bases of Vision and of Training Programs in Organic Neurovisual Deficits

Vision is a complex function, which is achieved by movements of the eyes to properly foveate targets at any location in 3D space and to continuously refresh neural information in the different visual pathways. The visual system involves five main routes originating in the retinas but varying in their destination within the brain: the occipital cortex, but also the superior colliculus (SC), the pretectum, the supra-chiasmatic nucleus, the nucleus of the optic tract and terminal dorsal, medial and lateral nuclei. Visual pathway architecture obeys systematization in sagittal and transversal planes so that visual information from left/right and upper/lower hemi-retinas, corresponding respectively to right/left and lower/upper visual fields, is processed ipsilaterally and ipsialtitudinally to hemi-retinas in left/right hemispheres and upper/lower fibers. Organic neurovisual deficits may occur at any level of this circuitry from the optic nerve to subcortical and cortical destinations, resulting in low or high-level visual deficits. In this didactic review article, we provide a panorama of the neural bases of eye movements and visual systems, and of related neurovisual deficits. Additionally, we briefly review the different schools of rehabilitation of organic neurovisual deficits, and show that whatever the emphasis is put on action or perception, benefits may be observed at both motor and perceptual levels. Given the extent of its neural bases in the brain, vision in its motor and perceptual aspects is also a useful tool to assess and modulate central nervous system (CNS) in general.
The role of venture capitalists in the formation of new technological trajectories: Evidence from the Cloud

We investigate the role of venture capitalists (VCs) in the creation of new technological ecosystems and in particular examine how VCs facilitate new ventures’ product development decisions to use new technological platforms. Focusing on the recent rapid rise of a new computing paradigm, cloud computing, we develop and test a set of hypotheses based on a 1999-2009 sample of start-up firms that offer enterprise software products. We find evidence of strong complementarity between VC financing and the introduction of new products offered over the cloud. Moreover, the complementarity effects are significantly stronger for firms backed by VCs that had rich experience in the IT industry and are significantly weaker for firms that had prior experience developing traditional client/server products.
Pan-Private Streaming Algorithms

Collectors of confidential data, such as governmental agencies, hospitals, or search engine providers, can be pressured to permit data to be used for purposes other than that for which they were collected. To support the data curators, we initiate a study of pan-private algorithms; roughly speaking, these algorithms retain their privacy properties even if their internal state becomes visible to an adversary. Our principal focus is on streaming algorithms, where each datum may be discarded immediately after processing.
catena-Poly[[[aqua(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)manganese(II)]-{μ-4,4′-[(4-carboxybenzyl)nitrilo]dibenzoato-κ4 O,O′:O′′,O′′′}] monohydrate]

The title compound, {[Mn(C22H15NO6)(C12H8N2)(H2O]·H2O}n, was obtained under solvothermal conditions. The Mn2+ cation exhibits a distorted pentagonal–bipyramidal MnN2O5 coordination sphere with the water O atom and one of the phenanthroline N atoms in the axial positions. The cation is bridged by the doubly deprotonated 4,4′-[(4-carboxybenzyl)nitrilo]dibenzoate ligand, generating a polymeric chain parallel to [100]. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, as well as π–π interactions between neighbouring phenanthroline ligands, with centroid–centroid distances of 3.695 (1) Å, lead to the construction of a three-dimensional network.
Mutual assistance between speech and vision for human-robot interaction

Among the cognitive abilities a robot companion must be endowed with, human perception and speech understanding are both fundamental in the context of multimodal human-robot interaction. First, we propose a multiple object visual tracker which is interactively distributed and dedicated to two-handed gestures and head location in 3D. An on-board speech understanding system is also developed in order to process deictic and anaphoric utterances. Characteristics and performances for each of the two components are presented. Finally, integration and experiments on a robot companion highlight the relevance and complementarity of our multimodal interface. Outlook to future work is finally discussed.
XIntegrating Electronic Health Record Standards into a Laboratory Information Management System

The Health Level 7 Reference Information Model 3.0 (HL7 RIM) has been developed to describe all of the data for health care systems. We describe a process followed to integrate the HL7 RIM into a clinical Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS). The methodology included interviewing users, reviewing data from clinical studies, developing a look-andfeel prototype of user-interfac es, development of an entity-relationship (ER) diagram based solely on clinical system requirements, evaluation of the HL7 RIM, integration of HL7 RIM into a revised ER diagram, and implementation of a database and web-based LIMS prototype. Substantial difficulty was encountered due to the abstract nature of the HL7 RIM and the inconsistency between the HL7 RIM and analysts’ views of requirements for the LIMS. The results indicate that a methodology for developing health related systems compliant with the HL7 RIM may benefit from beginning with the standard and working toward the needs of the system versus beginning with the requirements for the system then integrating the standard.
Evolution of the hepatitis E virus hypervariable region

The presence of a hypervariable (HVR) region within the genome of hepatitis E virus (HEV) remains unexplained. Previous studies have described the HVR as a proline-rich spacer between flanking functional domains of the ORF1 polyprotein. Others have proposed that the region has no function, that it reflects a hypermutable region of the virus genome, that it is derived from the insertion and evolution of host sequences or that it is subject to positive selection. This study attempts to differentiate between these explanations by documenting the evolutionary processes occurring within the HVR. We have measured the diversity of HVR sequences within acutely infected individuals or amongst sequences derived from epidemiologically linked samples and, surprisingly, find relative homogeneity amongst these datasets. We found no evidence of positive selection for amino acid substitution in the HVR. Through an analysis of published sequences, we conclude that the range of HVR diversity observed within virus genotypes can be explained by the accumulation of substitutions and, to a much lesser extent, through deletions or duplications of this region. All published HVR amino acid sequences display a relative overabundance of proline and serine residues that cannot be explained by a local bias towards cytosine in this part of the genome. Although all published HVRs contain one or more SH3-binding PxxP motifs, this motif does not occur more frequently than would be expected from the proportion of proline residues in these sequences. Taken together, these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the HVR has a structural role that is dependent upon length and amino acid composition, rather than a specific sequence.