Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BDNF SNPs are implicated in comorbid alcohol dependence in schizophrenia but not in alcohol-dependent patients without schizophrenia.

AIMS The functional BDNF single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6265 has been associated with many disorders including schizophrenia and alcohol dependence. However, studies have been inconsistent, reporting both positive and negative associations. Comorbid alcohol dependence has a high prevalence in schizophrenia so we investigated the role of rs6265 in alcohol dependence in Australian populations of schizophrenia and alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS Two BDNF SNPs rs6265 and a nearby SNP rs7103411 were genotyped in a total of 848 individuals. These included a schizophrenia group (n = 157) and a second schizophrenia replication group (n = 235), an alcohol-dependent group (n = 231) that had no schizophrenia diagnosis and a group of healthy controls (n = 225). RESULTS Allelic association between rs7103411 and comorbid alcohol dependence was identified (P = 0.044) in the primary schizophrenia sample. In the replication study, we were able to detect allelic associations between both BDNF SNPs and comorbid alcohol dependence (rs6265, P = 0.006; rs7103411, P = 0.014). Moreover, we detected association between both SNPs and risk-taking behaviour after drinking (rs6265, P = 0.005; rs7103411, P = 0.009) and we detected strong association between both SNPs and alcohol dependence in males (rs6265, P = 0.009; rs7103411, P = 0.013) while females showed association with multiple behavioural measures reflecting repetitive alcohol consumption. Haplotype analysis revealed the rs6265-rs7103411 A/C haplotype is associated with comorbid alcohol dependence (P = 0.002). When these SNPs were tested in the non-schizophrenia alcohol-dependent group we were unable to detect association. CONCLUSION We conclude that these BDNF SNPs play a role in development of comorbid alcohol dependence in schizophrenia while our data do not indicate that they play a role in alcohol-dependent patients who do not have schizophrenia.
A Projection System with Radiometric Compensation for Screen Imperfections

A major limitation of existing projection display systems is that they rely on a high quality screen for projecting images. We believe that relaxing this restriction will make projectors more useful and widely applicable. The fundamental problem with using an arbitrary surface for a screen is that the surface is bound to have its own colors and textures (bricks of a wall, painting on a wall, tiles of a ceiling, grain of a wooden door, etc.) or surface markings (paint imperfections, scratches, nails, etc.). As a result, when an image is projected onto the surface, the appearance of the image is modulated by the spatially varying reﬂectance properties of the surface. Humans are very sensitive to such modulations. In this paper, we present a method that enables a projector to display images onto an arbitrary surface such that the quality of the images is preserved and the ef-fects of the surface imperfections are minimized. Our method is based on an e ﬃ cient o ﬀ -line radiometric calibration that uses a camera to obtain measurements from the surface corresponding to a set of projected images. The calibration results are then used on-line to compensate each display image prior to projection. Several experimental results are shown that demonstrate the advantages of using our compensation method.
PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOLANUM SURATTENSE BURN: USED IN FOLK MEDICINES OF CHOLISTAN DESERT PAKISTAN

Ethanolic extracts of aerial parts of Solanum surattense burn. (SS), were subjected to in vivo study, by means of serum biochemical parameters and histopathological observations, in order to verify its traditional use in Hepatobiliary disorders. All groups of rabbits received a single dose of CCl4 subcutaneously on 7 th day except group I which was served as normal control . Group II served as CCl4 control. While groups III, IV and V were served as silymarin control , test group 1 and test group 2 respectively. Results showed that CCl4 control group had raised levels of SGOT, SGPT and ALP significantly but TB level was not raised as compared to a normal control group. Pretreatment with SS extract showed hepatoprotection as obvious by significant reinstatement of levels of SGOT, SGPT and ALP, while TB level was not changed significantly when compared with CCl4 control group. SS extract was more effective as compared to both silymarin and SS extracts because SS extract only significantly reduced SGOT level but unable to restore SGPT, ALP and TB levels. Histopathological examination of the liver tissue was further corroborated these results. Thus the outcome of the present study supports the conventional believes on hepatoprotective effects of Solanum surattense .
MTD processing based on Keystone transform for LFMCW radar

For the linear frequency-modulated continuous wave radar, the coupling of fast time and slow time in the signal phase is occurred for the moving target detection, which results in migration through range cell in multi-cycle signal. A new processing method for moving target detection based on Keystone transform is proposed to solve above problem. Through the characteristics analysis of the received multi-cycle signal and utilizing the decoupling property of Keystone transform, a transform expression in the moving target detection processing, is derived which can be used for the range profiles alignment. Finally realization and performance of the proposed method is discussed. Compared with the direct motion compensation method, the efficiency of the proposed method and the relevant conclusion are verified by the simulation results.
New strategies for automated random testing

The ever increasing reliance on software-intensive systems is driving research to discover software faults more effectively and more efficiently. Despite intensive research, very few approaches have studied and used knowledge about fault domains to improve the testing or the feedback given to developers. The present thesis addresses this shortcoming: it leverages fault co-localization in a new random testing strategy called Dirt Spot Sweep- ing Random (DSSR), and it presents two new strategies: Automated Discovery of Failure Domain (ADFD) and Automated Discovery of Failure Domain+ (ADFD+). These improve the feedback given to developers by deducing more information about the failure domain (i.e. point, block, strip) in an automated way. The DSSR strategy adds the value causing the failure and its neighbouring values to the list of interesting values for exploring the underlying failure domain. The comparative evaluation showed significantly better performance of DSSR over Random and Random+ strategies. The ADFD strategy finds failures and failure domains and presents the pass and fail domains in graphical form. The results obtained by evaluating error-seeded numerical programs indicated highly effective performance of the ADFD strategy. The ADFD+ strategy is an extended version of ADFD strategy with respect to algorithm and graphical presentation of failure domains. In comparison with Randoop, ADFD+ strategy successfully detected all failures and failure domains while Randoop identified individual failures but could not detect failure domains. The ADFD and ADFD+ techniques were enhanced by integration of the automatic invariant detector Daikon, and the precision of identifying failure domains was determined through extensive experimental evaluation of real world Java projects contained in a database, namely Qualitas Corpus. The analyses of results, cross-checked by manual testing indicated that the ADFD and ADFD+ techniques are highly effective in providing assistance but are not an alternative to manual testing.
Pornography, preference for porn‐like sex, masturbation, and men's sexual and relationship satisfaction

Pornography use, preference for “porn‐like” sex, masturbation, and sexual and relationship satisfaction were assessed among two samples of men (NStudy 1 = 326, NStudy 2 = 335). Frequent pornography use was associated with sexual dissatisfaction, greater preference for porn‐like sex, and more frequent masturbation in both studies. Pornography use was associated with relationship dissatisfaction in Study 2 only. The data did not support the notion that pornography negatively impacts sexual or relationship satisfaction via preference for porn‐like sex. In fact, it may bolster sexual satisfaction by promoting sexual variety. The data were consistent with a model in which pornography negatively, indirectly affects sexual and relationship satisfaction via masturbation frequency. Pornography use may have multiple opposing influences on sexual satisfaction.
Mitigation of Harmonic Current through Hybrid Power Filter in Single Phase Rectifier

This paper presents a single-phase Hybrid Power Filter (HPF) for harmonics and reactive power compensation. This proposed topology reduces the rating and size of the filter components. A combination of Passive and Active Filter is proposed for reducing the rating of filter. In the proposed technique Passive Filter (PF) is tuned to compensate 3 rd and 5 th order harmonics and Active Power Filter (APF) compensates all remaining harmonic components which are not compensated by passive filter. A half bridge inverter with DC bus capacitor is used as active filter. It has only two power switches. The active power filter control is based on DC side voltage control. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by its simulation in PSIM software. The simulation results show that the designed hybrid filter compensate the harmonic currents produced by loads and the power factor, making the current at the source side to become sinusoidal and in phase with the system voltage.
Modeling Piezoelectric Stack Actuators for Control of Mlcromanlpulatlon

nonlinear lumped-parameter model of a piezoelectric stack ctuator has been developed to describe actuator behavior for purposes of control system analysis and design, and, in particular, for microrobotic applications requiring accurate position and/or force control. In formulating this model, the authors propose a generalized Maxwell resistive capacitor as a lumped-parameter causal representation of rate-independent hysteresis. Model formulation is validated by comparing results of numerical simulations to experimental data. Validation is followed by a discussion of model implications for purposes of actuator control.
A Distributed Method for Reconfiguration of 3-D Homogeneous Structure

A distributed reconfiguration method is proposed for a 3-D reconfigurable structure, composed of many identical mechanical units. The method aims to enable the structure to transform itself into desired structure from an arbitrary initial configuration. The proposed method is implemented in such a way that each unit has identical software as well as hardware, so that any unit can play any role in the system. It is also featured by a stochastic relaxation process, which allows the system to converge to a given target structure by searching for a proper unit motion over many degrees of freedom. Furthermore, the method is extended for the structure to reconfigure itself dynamically according to the environment. The effectiveness of the method is confirmed by computer simulations.
Integrating Field Experience and Classroom Discussions: Vignettes as Vehicles for Reflection.

ABSTRACT Introduction to Education is the first course students take in the teacher preparation program at Purdue University. It provides an opportunity for students to experience teaching early in their teacher education program. The course consists of a field-based and a campus-based component. The field-based component consists of 10 observations of a local teacher's classroom over the course of a semester with the student assisting and participating as a teacher. The campus-based component addresses the theoretical aspects of learning to teach. Historically, the practical field-based component was dissociated from the theoretical campus-based component. The practical lessons encountered in the privacy of local classrooms were difficult to incorporate into the public space of the campus-based discussion. The practical quality of the field experience juxtaposed against the theoretical quality of the campus discussion resulted in poor student evaluations, indicating that the theoretical discussion lacked relevance. This paper reflects on the experiences of a new visiting assistant professor coordinating the course. (Contains 18 references.) (CCM)
Implementation of a Feature-based Gesture Recognizer with Application to a Physically-based Bird Animation System

| We describe our initial progress in developing gesture-based tools for real{time animation choreography. We outline the important characteristics of our aerodynamic bird ight model, used as the basis for a bird character, our single-sensor gesture recognition system, and the techniques used to couple the two systems to put the bird under interactive gestural control. The gesture system recognizes a small set of parameterized arm gestures, and outputs commands consisting of both single gestures and multiple gesture sequences. Since the bird model is physically based, and responds to commands through a multiple-level control system, the eeect is that of a director working with an intelligent actor to choreograph motion sequences.
The eIdentity Text Exploration Workbench

We work on tools to explore text contents and metadata of newspaper articles as provided by news archives. Our tool components are being integrated into an “Exploration Workbench” for Digital Humanities researchers. Next to the conversion of different data formats and character encodings, a prominent feature of our design is its “Wizard” function for corpus building: Researchers import raw data and define patterns to extract text contents and metadata. The Workbench also comprises different tools for data cleaning. These include filtering of off-topic articles, duplicates and near-duplicates, corrupted and empty articles. We currently work on ca. 860.000 newspaper articles from different media archives, provided in different data formats. We index the data with state-of-the-art systems to allow for large scale information retrieval. We extract metadata on publishing dates, author names, newspaper sections, etc., and split articles into segments such as headlines, subtitles, paragraphs, etc. After cleaning the data and compiling a thematically homogeneous corpus, the sample can be used for quantitative analyses which are not affected by noise. Users can retrieve sets of articles on different topics, issues or otherwise defined research questions (“subcorpora”) and investigate quantitatively their media attention on the timeline (“Issue Cycles”).
Basic Principles of Cell Culture

The bulk of the material presented in this book assumes background knowledgeof the principles and basic procedures of cell and tissue culture. However, it isrecognized that people enter a specialized ﬁeld, such as tissue engineering, frommany different disciplines and, for this reason, may not have had any formaltraining in cell culture. The objective of this chapter is to highlight those prin-ciples and procedures that have particular relevance to the use of cell culturein tissue engineering. Detailed protocols for most of these basic procedures arealready published [Freshney, 2005] and will not be presented here; the emphasiswill be more on underlying principles and their application to three-dimensionalculture. Protocols speciﬁc to individual tissue types will be presented in subsequentchapters.
Missing Data Imputation within the Statistical learning Paradigm

In the framework of missing data imputation, Rubin [7] formalized threetypes of missing data mechanisms upon definition of a missing data indicator matrixpointing out the missing-ness in the data matrix, assigning it a random variable witha conditional probability distribution given the data matrix depending on unknownparameters.Within Rubin’s paradigm, missing data imputation can be understood asa model selection problem, such as to estimate the performance of different modelsin order to choose the best one which generate sample data. This paper formalizesa new missing data imputation paradigm [3]. Within statistical learning paradigm[8], missing data imputation can be understood as a model assessment problem,whatever is the probability model underlying sample data the goal is to minimize itsprediction error (generalization error) on new data.
Lifestyle Intervention Using an Internet-Based Curriculum with Cell Phone Reminders for Obese Chinese Teens: A Randomized Controlled Study

Objectives Obesity is an increasing public health problem affecting young people. The causes of obesity are multi-factorial among Chinese youth including lack of physical activity and poor eating habits. The use of an internet curriculum and cell phone reminders and texting may be an innovative means of increasing follow up and compliance with obese teens. The objectives of this study were to determine the feasibility of using an adapted internet curriculum and existing nutritional program along with cell phone follow up for obese Chinese teens. Design and Methods This was a randomized controlled study involving obese teens receiving care at a paediatric obesity clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Hong Kong. Forty-eight subjects aged 12 to 18 years were randomized into three groups. The control group received usual care visits with a physician in the obesity clinic every three months. The first intervention (IT) group received usual care visits every three months plus a 12-week internet-based curriculum with cell phone calls/texts reminders. The second intervention group received usual care visits every three months plus four nutritional counselling sessions. Results The use of the internet-based curriculum was shown to be feasible as evidenced by the high recruitment rate, internet log-in rate, compliance with completing the curriculum and responses to phone reminders. No significant differences in weight were found between IT, sLMP and control groups. Conclusion An internet-based curriculum with cell phone reminders as a supplement to usual care of obesity is feasible. Further study is required to determine whether an internet plus text intervention can be both an effective and a cost-effective adjunct to changing weight in obese youth. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-TRC-12002624
The Carcinogenicity of Alendronate in Patients with Osteoporosis: Evidence from Cohort Studies

Context Alendronate may relate to the incidence of cancers, especially esophageal and colon cancer. But the results are inconsistent in different studies. Objective To quantify the association between the use of alendronate and the occurrence of different types of cancer. Data Sources We searched Embase, Pubmed, CENTRAL, SIGLE and clinicaltrials.gov, up to 2014 June. Study Selection Cohort studies reporting association between alendronate or bisphosphonate therapy including alendronate in patients with osteoporosis and risk of cancer were selected by two authors. Data Extraction Two authors independently extracted the data. The Chi-square test and the I-square test were used for testing heterogeneity between studies. Data Synthesis Eight cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis result manifested that alendronate significantly increased the incidence of lung cancer (HR 1.23, 95%CI 1.03 to 1.47, P value = 0.03), nevertheless, there was no significant difference after we excluded either Lee’s 2012 study (HR 1.17, 95%CI 0.95 to 1.44, P value = 0.13) or Chiang’s 2012 study (HR 1.47, 95%CI 1 to 2.17, P value = 0.05). For the incidence of colorectal cancer, no significant difference occurred (HR 0.91, 95%CI 0.74 to 1.13, P value = 0.39), but there was a positive relationship when we used fixed model (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.78 to 0.93, P value = 0.004). For the incidence of liver cancer, there was no significant difference (HR 1.36, 95%CI 0.9 to 2.04, P value = 0.14), however, the result changed after we excluded Chiang’s 2012 study (HR 1.69, 95%CI 1.03 to 2.77, P value = 0.04). There was no significant difference in other types of cancer. Conclusion Based on current evidences, alendronate therapy may be associated with a high risk of lung cancer, may with an excess risk of liver cancer, a low risk of colorectal and no related risk of other cancers.
A complexity-based method for anti-spamming

A huge diversity of approaches is in use to deal with network security and spam in particular. In this paper, we focus on a relatively new approach whose foundations rely on the works of A. Kolmogorov. The main idea is to give a formal meaning to "information content" and to use it to measure in some sense the deviation with regard to standard behaviour. We apply this kind of method to delect spam email, which is a well-known disease for mail client. To validate our approach, we have implemented a k-nearest neighbors algorithm which could easily become a plug-in for an open source mail client. Despite its strong theoretical basis, Kolmogorov's works give rise to very simple practical applications, easy to implement and with surprisingly accurate results.
Angular Momentum Transport by Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in Accretion Disks: Gas Pressure Dependence of the Saturation Level of the Magnetorotational Instability

The saturation level of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is investigated using three-dimensional MHD simulations. The shearing box approximation is adopted and the vertical component of gravity is ignored, so that the evolution of the MRI is followed in a small local part of the disk. We focus on the dependence of the saturation level of the stress on the gas pressure, which is a key assumption in the standard α disk model. From our numerical experiments we find that there is a weak power-law relation between the saturation level of the Maxwell stress and the gas pressure in the nonlinear regime; the higher the gas pressure, the larger the stress. Although the power-law index depends slightly on the initial field geometry, the relationship between stress and gas pressure is independent of the initial field strength and is unaffected by ohmic dissipation if the magnetic Reynolds number is at least 10. The relationship is the same in adiabatic calculations, where pressure increases over time, and nearly isothermal calculations, where pressure varies little with time. Over the entire region of parameter space explored, turbulence driven by the MRI has many characteristic ratios such as that of the Maxwell stress to the magnetic pressure. We also find that the amplitudes of the spatial fluctuations in density and the time variability in the stress are characterized by the ratio of magnetic pressure to gas pressure in the nonlinear regime. Our numerical results are qualitatively consistent with an idea that the saturation level of the MRI is determined by a balance between the growth of the MRI and the dissipation of the field through reconnection. The quantitative interpretation of the pressure-stress relation, however, may require advances in the theoretical understanding of nonsteady magnetic reconnection.
Blue Photoluminescence from Chemically Derived Graphene Oxide

Blue photoluminescence from chemically derived graphene oxide Goki Eda, Yun-Yue Lin, Cecilia Mattevi, Hisato Yamaguchi, Hsin-An Chen, I-Sheng Chen, Chun-Wei Chen, and Manish Chhowalla 1 Department of Materials, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK. 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University 607 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. 3 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.