Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Therapy of Breast Cancer

The treatment of early-stage breast cancer includes the use of chemotherapeutic and hormonal agents. Both chemotherapy and hormonal therapy have been shown by large, randomized trials to offer a survival advantage. The most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents used in the United States are doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). However, 3 studies have suggested that there may be an advantage in the use of taxanes in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Furthermore the use of dose dense chemotherapy, incorporating AC and paclitaxel, has shown very promising results. It is well established that tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), improves overall survival (OS) in women with hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer. However, the results from large multicenter, randomized trials, suggest the potential superiority of aromatase inhibitors, compared to tamoxifen or an advantage of sequencing tamoxifen followed by an aromatase inhibitor (AI). The role of ovarian suppression is still being investigated in patients who have received prior chemotherapy. Newer agents, such as the monoclonal antibody against the HER2/neu receptor, trastuzumab, are now being studied as adjuvant therapy in early-stage breast cancer. In the next few years, with the completion of several large randomized trials, we will be able to answer several questions, including the optimal way of incorporating AIs into adjuvant therapy, the long-term sequella of using trastuzumab in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer and the role of ovarian suppression combined with an aromatse inhibitor in premenopausal women with breast cancer.
High-order micromechanical electronic filters

Third-order, micromechanical bandpass filters comprised of three folded-beam resonators coupled by flexural mode springs are demonstrated using an IC-compatible, polysilicon surface-micromachining technology. The use of quarter-wavelength coupling beams attached to resonators at their folding-trusses is shown to suppress passband distortion due to finite-mass nonidealities, which become increasingly important on this micro-scale. A balanced, 300 kHz, prototype, three-resonator micromechanical filter is demonstrated with filter Q=590 and stopband rejection greater than 38 dB.
The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey - XIX. Physical properties of low luminosity FIR sources at z < 0.5

Context. The star formation rate is a crucial parameter for the investigation galaxy evolution. At low redshift the cosmic star formation rate density declines smoothly, and massive active galaxies become passive, reducing their star formation activity. This implies that the bulk of the star formation rate density at low redshift is mainly driven by low mass objects. Aims: We investigate the properties of a sample of low luminosity far-infrared sources selected at 250 μm. We have collected data from ultraviolet to far-infrared in order to perform a multiwavelengths analysis. The main goal is to investigate the correlation between star formation rate, stellar mass, and dust mass for a galaxy population with a wide range in dust content and stellar mass, including the low mass regime that most probably dominates the star formation rate density at low redshift. Methods: We define a main sample of ~800 sources with full spectral energy distribution coverage between 0.15 \ltλ\lt 500 μm and an extended sample with ~5000 sources in which we remove the constraints on the ultraviolet and near-infrared bands. We analyze both samples with two different spectral energy distribution fitting methods: MAGPHYS and CIGALE, which interpret a galaxy spectral energy distribution as a combination of different simple stellar population libraries and dust emission templates. Results: In the star formation rate versus stellar mass plane our samples occupy a region included between local spirals and higher redshift star forming galaxies. These galaxies represent the population that at z\lt 0.5 quenches their star formation activity and reduces their contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density. The subsample of galaxies with the higher masses (M_∗\gt 3 × 10^10 M_⊙) do not lie on the main sequence, but show a small offset as a consequence of the decreased star formation. Low mass galaxies (M_∗\lt 1 × 10^10 M_⊙) settle in the main sequence with star formation rate and stellar mass consistent with local spirals. Conclusions: Deep Herschel data allow the identification of a mixed galaxy population with galaxies still in an assembly phase or galaxies at the beginning of their passive evolution. We find that the dust luminosity is the parameter that allow us to discriminate between these two galaxy populations. The median spectral energy distribution shows that even at low star formation rate our galaxy sample has a higher mid-infrared emission than previously predicted. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by a European-led principal investigator consortia and with an important participation from NASA.
CyberInsurance for cybersecurity a topological take on modulating insurance premiums

A recent conjecture in cyber-insurance research states that for compulsory monopolistic insurance scenarios, charging fines and rebates on fair premiums will incentivize networkusers to invest in self-defense investments, thereby making cyber-space more robust. Assuming the validity of the conjecture in this paper, we adopt a topological perspective in proposing a mechanism that accounts for (i) the positive externalities posed (through self-defense investments) by network users on their peers, and (ii) network location (based on centrality measures) of users, and provides an appropriate way to proportionally allocate fines/rebates on user premiums. We mathematically justify (via a game-theoretic analysis) that optimal fine/rebates per user should be allocated in proportion to the Bonacich or eigenvector centrality value of the user.
TUDCL at MediaEval 2013 Violent Scenes Detection: Training with Multi-modal Features by MKL

The purpose of this paper is to describe the work carried out for the Violent Scenes Detection task at MediaEval 2013 by team TUDCL. Our work is based on the combination of visual, temporal and audio features with machine learning at segment-level. Block-saliency-m based dense trajectory is proposed for visual and temporal features, and MFCC and ∑
Spatio-temporal filters for downlink processing in FDD systems

This paper deals with downlink space-time processing for FDD (frequency division duplex) radiocommunication systems whose base stations are equipped with antenna arrays. We show how space-time filters can be appropriately designed for the downlink in order to both combat co-channel interference and reduce fading effects. These filters, which can be estimated from uplink data only, are an extension of previous schemes which considered only space processing for the downlink.
Autonomic Nerve Stimulation Reverses Ventricular Repolarization Sequence in Rabbit Hearts

Sympathetic activity and spatial dispersion of repolarization (DOR) have been implicated as mechanisms that promote arrhythmia vulnerability; yet there are no direct measurements of the effects of autonomic nerve stimulation on DOR. Rabbit hearts were perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with full sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation and were optically mapped to measure action potential durations and DOR (apex–base) over the left ventricles. DOR was measured under sinus rhythm, during bilateral sympathetic nerve stimulation (SNS) and right and/or left vagus nerve stimulation and was compared with DOR during isoproterenol (100 nmol/L) or acetylcholine (1 &mgr;mol/L) infusion. In sinus rhythm, repolarization started at the apex and systematically progressed toward the base. SNS (10 to 15 Hz) increased DOR by 29% (from &Dgr;action potential duration=17±0.7 to −22±1.6 ms, n=6) and reversed DOR as the direction of repolarization from apex→base in sinus rhythm shifted to base→apex in 5 to 15 seconds after SNS. DOR flipped back to its sinus rhythm DOR pattern 115±15 seconds after the interruption of SNS. During right or left vagus nerve stimulation, there was no change in the direction of DOR, but bilateral vagus nerve stimulation increased and reversed DOR to base→apex direction. Infusion of isoproterenol or acetylcholine increased DOR but did not alter the direction of repolarization sequences. These findings demonstrate that bilateral autonomic activity (SNS or vagus nerve stimulation) cause reversible shifts of apex–base DOR and that the spatial heterogeneities of autonomic effects on the ventricles are most likely attributable to a greater innervation at the base than the apex of the heart.
Collaborator Recommendation for Isolated Researchers

Successful research collaborations may facilitate major outcomes in science and their applications. Thus, identifying effective collaborators may be a key factor that affects success. However, it is very difficult to identify potential collaborators and it is particularly difficult for young researchers who have less knowledge about other researchers and experts in their research domain. This study introduces and defines the problem of collaborator recommendation for 'isolated' researchers who have no links with others in co author networks. Existing approaches such as link-based and content-based methods may not be suitable for isolated researchers because of their lack of links and content information. Thus, we propose a new approach that uses additional information as new features to make recommendations, i.e., the strength of the relationship between organizations, the importance rating, and the activity scores of researchers. We also propose a new method for evaluating the quality of collaborator recommendations. We performed experiments by crawling publications from the Microsoft Academic Search Web site. The metadata were extracted from these publications, including the year, authors, organizational affiliations of authors, citations, and references. The metadata from publications between 2001 and 2005 were used as the training data while those from 2006 to 2011 were used for validation. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.
A fan effect in anaphor processing: effects of multiple distractors

Research suggests that the presence of a non-referent from the same category as the referent interferes with anaphor resolution. In five experiments, the hypothesis that multiple non-referents would produce a cumulative interference effect (i.e., a fan effect) was examined. This hypothesis was supported in Experiments 1A and 1B, with subjects being less accurate and slower to recognize referents (1A) and non-referents (1B) as the number of potential referents increased from two to five. Surprisingly, the number of potential referents led to a decrease in anaphor reading times. The results of Experiments 2A and 2B replicated the probe-recognition results in a completely within-subjects design and ruled out the possibility that a speeded-reading strategy led to the fan-effect findings. The results of Experiment 3 provided evidence that subjects were resolving the anaphors. These results suggest that multiple non-referents do produce a cumulative interference effect; however, additional research is necessary to explore the effect on anaphor reading times.
Copy detection in urdu language documents using n-grams model

In this paper we present our work on copy detection in short Urdu text passages. Given two passages one as the source text and another as the copied text it is determined whether the second passage is plagiarized version of the source text? We have developed an algorithm for plagiarism detection. We have used the n-gram model for word retrieval and found tri-grams as the best model for comparing the Urdu text passages. Based on probability and the resemblance measures calculated from the bi-gram comparison we categorize the passages on a threshold. In the Algorithm the connecting words are considered in computing and matching trigram. We have developed a software system in C# for both the algorithms. This system can be used to detect copy in student's assignments in Urdu language.
Baseline Wsj Acoustic Models for Htk and Sphinx : Training Recipes and Recognition Experiments

For speech recognition research, it is often necessary to start with a competent baseline acoustic model. But training and tuning a competent model using research recognizers such as Cambridge’s HTK and CMU’s Sphinx can be time-consuming. In an effort to minimize wasted effort, I have created recipes for HTK and Sphinx which utilize the standard Wall Street Journal training corpus. In this paper, these recipes are described. The word error rate (WER) and real-time performance of the models are evaluated for differing HMM topologies, number of tied states, number of Gaussians, and differing test sets. My goal is to provide practical advice and results to researchers who are thinking of using HTK or Sphinx for real-time recognition on dictation-like tasks.
Fatty, fatty, two-by-four: weight-teasing history and disturbed eating in young adult women.

OBJECTIVE We investigated the long-term effect of weight teasing during childhood. METHODS Young adult women (n = 1533; aged 18-26 years) from 3 large universities participated in a survey (Fall 2009 to Spring 2010) that assessed disturbed eating behaviors; weight status at ages 6, 12, and 16 years; and weight-teasing history. RESULTS Nearly half of the participants were weight-teased as a child. Participants who experienced childhood weight teasing were significantly more likely to have disturbed eating behaviors now than non-weight-teased peers. As the variety of weight teasing insults recalled increased, so did disturbed eating behaviors and current body mass index. Those who recalled their weight at ages 6, 12, or 16 years as being heavier than average endured weight teasing significantly more frequently and felt greater distress than their lighter counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Weight teasing may contribute to the development of disturbed eating and eating disorders in young women. Health care professionals, parents, teachers, and other childcare givers must help shift social norms to make weight teasing as unacceptable as other types of bullying. To protect the health of children, efforts to make weight teasing unacceptable are warranted.
Testing for Market Efficiency with Transaction Costs : An Application to Financial Trading in Wholesale

With risk neutral traders and zero transaction costs, the expected value of the difference between the current forward price and the spot price of a commodity at the delivery date of the forward contract should be zero. Accounting for the transaction costs associated with trading in these two markets invalidates this result. We develop a statistical framework to test whether profitable trading strategies exploiting systematic differences between spot and forward market prices exist in the presence of trading costs. We implement these tests using the day-ahead forward and real-time spot locational marginal prices from California’s wholesale electricity market. We use our statistical tests to construct an estimate of the variable cost ∗H. John Heinz III College, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. Email: akshayaj@andrew.cmu. edu. †Program on Energy and Sustainable Development and Department of Economics, Stanford University, 579 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305-6072, e-mail: wolak@zia.stanford. edu
Aviation Infrastructure Investment and Productivity Growth

Much research has been conducted to study the relationship between economic productivity growth in the U.S. economy and public infrastructure capital investment. In this paper, we examine the effects of publicly financed infrastructure in aviation and the impact on private sector productivity. The results from studies on other modes of transportation have reported significant productive effects from capital investments in public infrastructure. Using a methodology introduced by Nadiri and Mamuneas (1996), the direct and indirect effects of an increase in aviation infrastructure investment on total and industry output and productivity growth are estimated on the private sector of the U.S. economy
Metaclasses and zoning for handwritten document recognition

This work presents a complete method for improving the handwritten document recognition. In this task some characters are confused with others because of their visual/structural similarity. A SOM and TreeSOM neural network were used to sort different characters in metaclasses. In each metaclass a zoning approach was applied trying to get particular features to improve the character classification. The experiments with this new approach were performed in the NIST database with the classic MLP and a fast neural network RBF-DDA.
S-parameter based macro model of distributed-lumped networks using Pade approximation

A scattering-parameters (S-parameters) based macromodel of distributed-lumped networks is presented. The networks can include capacitive cutsets, inductive loops, RLC meshes, and lossy transmission lines. An efficient network reduction algorithm is developed to reduce the original network into a network containing one multiport component together with the sources and loads of interest. The S-parameters of the circuit components are approximated by Taylor series to simplify the reduction process. The Pade approximation is used to derive the macromodel. The macromodel is very flexible and the accuracy of the model can be controlled by adjusting the order of approximation. The experimental results indicate that the model can approach the accuracy of SPICE with one or two orders less computing time. <<ETX>>
Self‐acceptance and associated factors among Chinese women with breast cancer

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify self-acceptance and associated socio-demographic and disease factors among Chinese women with breast cancer. BACKGROUND Although it is recognised that breast cancer can affect a woman's feelings of self-acceptance, there are few studies concerning the level of self-acceptance among women with breast cancer and factors associated with self-acceptance in this population. DESIGN Cross-sectional research design. METHODS Data were collected using the convenience sampling method. A total of 308 women with breast cancer were investigated using the Self-Acceptance Questionnaire. RESULTS The mean score on the Self-Acceptance Questionnaire was 39·79 ± 5·14, indicating that the women in this study had low levels of self-acceptance. Multiple regression analysis indicated that self-acceptance was positively associated with the time since diagnosis, household income and the presence of medical insurance/government-funded medical treatment, while Tumour, Lymph Node, Metastasis stage was negatively associated with self-acceptance. With respect to work status, retired patients had the highest levels of self-acceptance, those who had returned to work had moderate levels of self-acceptance and those who had not yet returned to work had the lowest levels of self-acceptance. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the level of self-acceptance among women with breast cancer in China is low, and suggests that there is room to improve. Several factors are significantly associated with the self-acceptance of women with breast cancer. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Medical staff should realise that the level of self-acceptance among women with breast cancer in China is low and has room to improve. It is important to conduct appropriate interventions to improve self-acceptance among these women, based on an understanding of the factors associated with self-acceptance.
Characterization of sequences and mechanisms through which ISE/ISS-3 regulates FGFR2 splicing

Alternative splicing of fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) mutually exclusive exons IIIb and IIIc results in highly cell-type-specific expression of functionally distinct receptors, FGFR2-IIIb and FGFR2-IIIc. We previously identified an RNA cis-element, ISE/ISS-3, that enhanced exon IIIb splicing and silenced exon IIIc splicing. Here, we have performed comprehensive mutational analysis to define critical sequence motifs within this element that independently either enhance splicing of upstream exons or repress splicing of downstream exons. Such analysis included use of a novel fluorescence-based splicing reporter assay that allowed quantitative determination of relative functional activity of ISE/ISS-3 mutants using flow cytometric analysis of live cells. We determined that specific sequences within this element that mediate splicing enhancement also mediate splicing repression, depending on their position relative to a regulated exon. Thus, factors that bind the element are likely to be coordinately involved in mediating both aspects of splicing regulation. Exon IIIc silencing is dependent upon a suboptimal branchpoint sequence containing a guanine branchpoint nucleotide. Previous studies of exon IIIc splicing in HeLa nuclear extracts demonstrated that this guanine branchsite primarily impaired the second step of splicing suggesting that ISE/ISS-3 may block exon IIIc inclusion at this step. However, results presented here that include use of newly developed in vitro splicing assays of FGFR2 using extracts from a cell line expressing FGFR2-IIIb strongly suggest that cell-type-specific silencing of exon IIIc occurs at or prior to the first step of splicing.
Study on the proportion and determinants of polycystic ovarian syndrome among health sciences students in South India

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) constitutes most cases of endocrine disorder among females. Objectives: This study was done to assess the proportion of university students with PCOS and to study its risk factors. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from students of a private medical, dental, and nursing college using a self-administered questionnaire. Height and weight of all participants were recorded by standard procedures. Results: The mean age of students was 20.4 ΁ 1.5 years. Of the 480 participants, 39 (8.1%) were already diagnosed with PCOS. Out of the remaining 441 participants, 40 (9.1%) were at high risk, and 401 (90.9%) were at low risk for PCOS. Greater proportion of PCOS cases was seen in the age group 23-25 years (P = 0.026), among those with family history of PCOS (P = 0.002), among those who were permanent residents of urban areas (P = 0.048), and among those who were overweight or obese (P = 0.004). About 90% of PCOS cases and those at high risk for PCOS, each had difficulty in controlling excess weight or were experiencing difficulty in maintaining ideal weight. About 36 (92.3%) of PCOS cases and all those at high risk had emotional problems such as feeling moody or experiencing fatigability over the previous 2 weeks. Conclusion: PCOS is a common disorder among young women in this settings and this warrants periodic screening activities. A multidisciplinary approach is required to bring about lifestyle modification and help those with emotional problems due to this endocrine disorder.