Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences Between Pediatric Registered Nurses' Perception of Organizational Support, Intent to Stay, Workload, and Overall Satisfaction, and Years Employed as a Nurse in Magnet and Non‐Magnet Pediatric Hospitals: Implications for Administrators

Much is understood about the issues that nurses believe impact their work environment and how Magnet hospitals have better organizational and patient outcomes. The majority of these large-scale studies have not included large numbers of nurses who care for children. In addition, we know little about how nurses perceive their work environment as their years in nursing increase. This study used a secondary analysis of survey responses from pediatric staff nurses to determine (1) whether there were differences in nurses' perceptions of organizational support, workload, intent to stay, and overall satisfaction within Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals, and (2) whether there were differences in these responses as the years in nursing increased. Findings indicate that Magnet nurses perceive a better work environment than do nurses from non-Magnet hospitals, and that for nurses in their first year as a nurse and for those nurses who have been a nurse for 15 years or longer believe their work environment is more supportive. The implications for nurse administrators include finding ways to keep new nurses engaged and satisfied after that initial “honeymoon” feeling about their new profession as well as providing further evidence of the value Magnet provides an institution.
The next generation GNOS instrument for FY-3 meteorological satellites

The GNOS instruments are GNSS radio occultation payloads for atmospheric and ionospheric sounding onboard FY-3 meteorological satellites. The first GNOS instrument has been in orbit since September 23, 2013 when the FY-3C satellite was launched. The next generation GNOS instrument is being developed for the 3rd batch of FY-3 series satellites. This paper presents the new instrument's characteristics in design and main performance in occultation tracking. We show that the phase center variety is low enough for the choke-ring antenna new designed to increase the accuracy of precise orbit determination. A wide coverage atmosphere occultation antenna and a 65nm technology ASIC are used in the new generation GNOS instrument. The new GNOS instrument will acquire higher quality occultation data due to its better performance.
Complex Systems

Physiologic systems in health and disease display an extraordinary range of temporal behaviors and structural patterns that defy understanding based on linear constructs, reductionist strategies, and classical homeostasis. Application of concepts and computational tools derived from the contemporary study of complex systems, including nonlinear dynamics, fractals and “chaos theory,” is having an increasing impact on biology and medicine. This presentation provides a brief overview of an emerging area of biomedical research, including recent applications to cardiopulmonary medicine and chronic obstructive lung disease.
Effectiveness of specific intervention on treatment adherence of persons with mental illness: A pilot study

Context: Treatment nonadherence is one of the major obstacles in recovery even with the availability of a broad range of pharmacological and psychosocial treatments for persons with mental illnesses. Aims: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of specific interventions in improvement of treatment adherence of persons with mental illnesses. Settings and Design: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at a tertiary mental health care setting in North-east India. Materials and Methods: Total 30 numbers of patients were selected randomly for the study. Treatment adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale and a structured Treatment Adherence Checklist. Data were collected before and 1-month after the specific interventions to the patients and their family members. Results: Result showed a significant improvement in the treatment adherence as verbalized by the patient (paired t = 3.973, P = 0.00, df = 29) as well as reported by the family members (paired t = 2.94, P = 0.00, df = 29) following the specific intervention. Conclusion: The study result suggested that specific intervention may be used for a better outcome of treatment for mental illnesses. The findings might be generalized following implementation of the intervention to a larger sample.
Intraventricular Septal Hypertrophy in Type 1 Diabetic Patients with Microalbuminuria or Early Proteinuria

To investigate whether the slightly increased blood pressure that occurs in early diabetic renal disease is associated with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy, M‐mode echocardiograms were recorded in 11 non‐diabetic control subjects and four groups of Type 1 diabetic patients. These were 15 patients without microvascular complications, 10 with microalbuminuria, 12 with early persistent proteinuria, and 8 with established renal impairment. Mean blood pressure was 133/80 mmHg (uncomplicated patients), 143/85 mmHg (microalbuminuria), 147/92 mmHg (early proteinuria) and 158/85 mmHg (renal impairment). Mean intraventricular septal width in the uncomplicated diabetic patients was 9.8 (SE 1.2) mm which did not differ from non‐diabetic control subjects. Mean septal width was significantly greater in the other groups (microalbuminuria, 12.7 (1.1) mm, p < 0.02; proteinuria, 12.0 (0.7) mm, p < 0.05; renal impairment, 15.5 (1.8) mm, p < 0.001). Left ventricular mass increased progressively between groups and was significantly increased in those with renal impairment (140 (21) vs 103 (5) g m−2 in uncomplicated patients, p < 0.05). Septal width in the diabetic population not receiving antihypertensives (n = 37) was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.45, p < 0.005) which was the only variable independently related to septal width and ventricular mass. It appears that the slight increase in blood pressure that occurs in microalbuminuria and early proteinuria is frequently associated with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.
Mucosal Inducible NO Synthase–Producing IgA+ Plasma Cells in Helicobacter pylori–Infected Patients

The mucosal immune system is relevant for homeostasis, immunity, and also pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. Inducible NO synthase (iNOS)–dependent production of NO is one of the factors linked to both antimicrobial immunity and pathological conditions. Upregulation of iNOS has been observed in human Helicobacter pylori infection, but the cellular sources of iNOS are ill defined. Key differences in regulation of iNOS expression impair the translation from mouse models to human medicine. To characterize mucosal iNOS-producing leukocytes, biopsy specimens from H. pylori–infected patients, controls, and participants of a vaccination trial were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, along with flow cytometric analyses of lymphocytes for iNOS expression and activity. We newly identified mucosal IgA-producing plasma cells (PCs) as one major iNOS+ cell population in H. pylori–infected patients and confirmed intracellular NO production. Because we did not detect iNOS+ PCs in three distinct infectious diseases, this is not a general feature of mucosal PCs under conditions of infection. Furthermore, numbers of mucosal iNOS+ PCs were elevated in individuals who had cleared experimental H. pylori infection compared with those who had not. Thus, IgA+ PCs expressing iNOS are described for the first time, to our knowledge, in humans. iNOS+ PCs are induced in the course of human H. pylori infection, and their abundance seems to correlate with the clinical course of the infection.
Validating Constraints for Inter and Intra Relationships in XML Structured Document

We propose a method for building a constraint validator from a given set of schema for a structured XML document. The validator checks for various relationships existing between the documents such as containment, intra and inter relationship. Thus generating a set of rules, this is used by the forthcoming operation on the XML database. The constraint validator checks for integrity, referential integrity, relative, absolute and value based constraints on the single, the intra and inter document database. The validator obtained by our method is used not only for checking the correctness of the existing XML document but also for incrementally validating updates over this document. The validator maintains the consistency of XML data after update operations, which can be classified into insertion, deletion and replacement. In this way both the static and incremental constraints checking are performed. The experimental results generated from the real data reveal that the algorithm works well in practice.
Effect of soil aggregate size on methanogenesis and archaeal community structure in anoxic rice field soil.

In anoxically incubated slurries of Italian rice field soil, CH(4) production is initiated after a lag phase during which ferric iron and sulfate are reduced. The production of CH(4) was affected by the size of soil aggregates used for the preparation of the soil slurry. Rates of CH(4) production were lowest with small aggregates (<50 and 50-100 µm), were highest with aggregates of 200-2000 µm size and were intermediate with aggregates of 2000-15000 µm size. The different amounts of CH(4) accumulated were positively correlated to the concentrations of acetate, propionate and caproate that transiently accumulated in the slurries prepared from different aggregate sizes and also to the organic carbon content. The addition of organic debris that was collected from large-size aggregates to the aggregate size fractions <200 and <50 µm resulted in an increase of CH(4) production to amounts that were comparable to those measured in unamended aggregates of 200-2000 µm size, indicating that CH(4) production in the different aggregate size fractions was limited by substrate. The distribution of archaeal small-subunit rRNA genes in the different soil aggregate fractions was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism which allowed seven different archaeal ribotypes to be distinguished. Ribotype-182 (consisting of members of the Methanosarcinaceae and rice cluster VI), ribotype-389 (rice cluster I and II) and ribotype-820 (undigested DNA, rice cluster IV and members of the Methanosarcinaceae) accounted for >20, >30 and >10% of the total, respectively. The other ribotypes accounted for <10% of the total. The relative quantity of the individual ribotypes changed only slightly with incubation time and was almost the same among the different soil aggregate fractions. Ribotype-389, for example, slightly decreased with time, whereas ribotype-182 slightly increased. At the end of incubation, the relative quantity of ribotype-182 seemed to be slightly higher in soil fractions with larger than with smaller aggregates, whereas it was the opposite with ribotype-80 (Methanomicrobiaceae) and ribotype-88 (Methanobacteriaceae). Ribotype-280 (Methanosaetaceae and rice cluster V), ribotype-375 (rice cluster III), ribotype-389 and ribotype-820, on the other hand, were not much different among the different soil aggregate size fractions. However, the differences were not significant relative to the errors encountered during the extraction of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplifiable DNA from soil. In conclusion, soil aggregate size and incubation time showed a strong effect on the function but only a small effect on the structure of the methanogenic microbial community.
Public Private Partnership in deutschen Kommunen

Public Private Partnerships (PPP; öffentlich-private Partnerschaften) werden als Instrumente für besseres Regierungshandeln diskutiert. Die Erwartung ist, dass auf diese Weise öffentliche Dienstleistungen rascher und um ca. 10 % bis 25 % kostengünstiger erbracht werden als bei konventioneller öffentlicher Leistungserstellung (Christen 2007). Die britische Labour-Regierung hat PPP als Alternative zu den Privatisierungen der Thatcher-Ära konzipiert. Die öffentliche Hand wurde wieder ins Spiel gebracht, da die Wirkungen vollständiger (materieller) Privatisierungen von der neuen Administration kritisch gesehen worden waren (Wegener 2002; Weizsäcker et al. 2006). Die Strategie eines Mittelwegs zwischen materieller Privatisierung und Beibehaltung der öffentlichen Rechtsform ist in der Bundesrepublik von sozialdemokratischen Entscheidungsträgern in Bund, Ländern und Kommunen aufgegriffen worden.
Path planning for multipoint seabed survey mission using autonomous underwater vehicle

This paper focuses on the problem of seabed survey mission with multiple target points distributed in large scale area. To complete the survey with AUVs in minimum cost, a two-step procedure using greed strategy is presented. In the first step, the locations of so-called anchor points are found by executing k-means algorithm iteratively. In the second step, an ant-cycle system is used to find out the optimized order of access from each anchor point to target points nearby. Simulation is also implemented to prove the validity of the algorithm.
On-line generation and arming of system protection schemes

This paper presents a new method to automatically generate system protection schemes in real-time, where contingencies are filtered using a method providing N - 1 system snapshots. With future power systems consisting largely of renewable distributed generation with time-varying production, highly fluctuating conditions throughout the day will be the result. This makes off-line design of extensive defense plans for power systems infeasible, forming the motivation for the presented method. It relies on the real-time identification of which disturbances that threatens a power systems integrity. The method is based on a recently proposed method of calculating post-contingency Thevenin equivalents, which are used to assess the security of the post-contingency condition. The contingencies that violate the emergency limits are contained by pre-determining event-based remedial actions. The instability mechanisms threatening the system are individually treated, such that appropriate controls are allocated. The procedure is illustrated through a case study using the Nordic32 benchmark system.
Familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: advances in the genetic basis, diagnosis and management

Familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of immune dysregulation associated with uncontrolled T cell and macrophage activation and hypercytokinaemia. The incidence of FHL is 0·12/100·000 children born per year, with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The disease is classified into six different types based on genetic linkage analysis and chromosomal localization; five specific genetic defects have been identified, which account for approximately 90% of all patients. Type 1 is due to an as yet unidentified gene defect located on chromosome nine. Type 2 is caused by mutations in the perforin (PRF1) gene, type 3 by mutations in the Munc‐13–4 (UNC13D) gene, type 4 by mutations in the syntaxin 11 (STX11) gene and the recently described type 5 due to mutations in the gene encoding syntaxin binding protein 2 (STXBP‐2). The incidence of the five types varies in different ethnic groups. The most common presenting features are pyrexia of unknown origin, pronounced hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenias. Neurological features tend to present later and are associated with poor prognosis. Absent or decreased lymphocyte cytotoxicity is the cellular hallmark of FHL. Biochemical features such as hyperferritinaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia and hypofibrinogenaemia are usually present, along with high levels of soluble interleukin 2 receptor in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Bone marrow aspirate may demonstrate the characteristic haemophagocytes, but initially is non‐diagnostic in two‐thirds of patients. Established international clinical, haematological and biochemical criteria now facilitate accurate clinical diagnosis. The disease is fatal unless a haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is performed. The introduction of HSCT has dramatically improved the prognosis of the disease. However, the mortality of the disease is still significantly high and a number of challenges remain to be addressed. Active disease at the time of the transplant is the major significant poor prognostic factor. Delayed diagnosis, after irreversible organ damage has occurred, especially neurological damage, disease reoccurrence and pre‐transplant mortality, remain a concern.
Investigating the Characteristics of Cobalt-Substituted MnZn Ferrites by Equivalent Electrical Elements

We investigated the electrical and magnetic properties of cobalt-substituted manganese-zinc soft ferrite by using the equivalent lumped elements acquired from the appropriate equivalent electrical circuit of polycrystalline ferrite. We applied the equivalent lumped circuit, combined with equivalent lumped resistances and capacitance, to determine the effect of microstructure on electrical and magnetic properties of cobalt-substituted manganese-zinc ferrites. Both the hysteresis loss and the eddy-current loss of soft ferrites account for a major proportion of iron loss in high-frequency switching mode power supplies. Replacing a small portion of Fe2+ with Co2+ remarkably increases the bulk resistivity of the MnZn ferrite and decreases the core loss by lowering eddy-current loss. A longer isothermal duration causes grain growth and forms a larger equivalent capacitance, which leads to a reduction in hysteresis loss. However, excess substitution of Co2+ for Fe2+ is disadvantageous to magnetic permeability and raises core loss. We measured the dc resistivity by the four-probe method on sintered disks with both sides polished and coated with a thin layer of silver paste as a good contact material. We measured the magnetic permeability by an impedance analyzer at room temperature. The total loss of Mn0.58Zn0. 37 Co0.01Fe2. 04O4 ferrite core does not exceed 420 mW/cm3 at 300 kHz/70 mT.
Control stratories for grid-connected and island dualmode operated inverter under unbalanced grid voltage conditions

The grid-connected inverter works as a controlled current source in grid-connected mode, while operates as a controlled voltage source in island mode. The grid-connected inverter should continue to operate normally under unbalanced grid voltage. In case of utility serious faults or intentional islanding, the inverter should be able to seamlessly transfer from grid-connected mode to island mode. In order to achieve these aims, this paper proposed a new feedback multi-loop control strategy with capacitor current, capacitor voltage and grid-side current in αβ reference frame, in which a proportional resonant (PR) regulator is adopted. Compared with the dual-PI control scheme in dq reference frame, the PR controller does not require decomposition of positive-and negative-sequence grid side currents, the transient performance will be improved and low voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of the grid-connected inverters during unbalanced grid voltage condition. The proposed scheme can realize the adjustable power factor, and produce symmetrical and balanced currents in case of unbalanced voltage dips. With this control method, seamless transfer can be achieved between island and grid-connected mode, and load voltage quality during the transition is improved with the proposed control method. Simulations are carried out to verify the proposed controllers and algorithms.
Effects of electrical stimulation on skin blood flow in controls and in and around stage III and IV wounds in hairy and non hairy skin.

BACKGROUND While wounds heal more quickly when electrical stimulation (ES) is applied, few studies have examined blood flow (BF) in and around wounds during ES in controls with no wounds compared to wounds in diabetic and non diabetic subjects. MATERIAL/METHODS Ten subjects with stage III and IV wounds and 8 controls were subjected to 5 minutes of biphasic ES (20 milliamps, pulse width 250 usec). Before, during, and after, BF were measured by a Laser Doppler Imager. RESULTS For the control subjects, in the fingers, BF increased from 307 flux to 687 after 5 min of ES to one finger but BF also increased to other fingers indicating a reflex increase in flow mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. For hairy skin, there was a 12% increase in BF with ES and only in the line directly between the stimulating electrodes. For the patients (either with or without Type 2 diabetes), stimulation in the hand, leg and foot all caused a large increase in BF during and for 5 minutes after stimulation. In patients, BF was high in the wound area before ES and increased by 53% during, and remained high after stimulation was over. CONCLUSIONS The results show that in wounds, where BF is high due to bradykinin and cytokine release, the vasoconstrictor tone is not present and electrical stimulation causes a large increase in circulation which lasts after stimulation is over.
Conversion from the SPEAK to the ACE Strategy in Children Using the Nucleus 24 Cochlear Implant System: Speech Perception and Speech Production Outcomes

Objective The main objective of this study was to assess whether speech perception and speech production in children using the Nucleus 24 cochlear implant system improved with a change in speech processing strategy from the SPEAK to the Advanced Combination Encoder (ACE) strategy. The major difference between the two strategies is that ACE uses a higher stimulation rate (in this study the stimulation rate was 900 Hz per channel) compared with the SPEAK strategy, where the stimulation rate is 250 Hz per channel. Information also was obtained regarding the adjustment period after conversion to the ACE strategy. Design An ABA experimental design was used where scores were initially obtained using the SPEAK strategy (in the initial A time interval), and subsequently performance was assessed using the ACE strategy (B time interval) and then again with the SPEAK strategy (second A time interval). The duration of the B interval was 10 wk, and the duration for the second A interval was 4 wk. Seven children aged between 9 and 16 yr who had at least 6 mo experience with the SPEAK strategy participated. Open-set monosyllabic CNC word perception in quiet and Speech Intelligibility Test sentence perception in noise was evaluated at the end of each of the time intervals. Word perception was also monitored at fortnightly intervals during the B time interval. Speech production was assessed at the end of the initial A time interval and at the end of the B time interval. Results Mean word and phoneme scores for open-set words in quiet for the group of seven children were significantly higher with the ACE strategy as compared with the SPEAK strategy scores obtained in both of the A time intervals. For sentences in noise, mean scores using the ACE strategy as well as the SPEAK strategy at the second A evaluation point were significantly higher than the scores using the SPEAK strategy measured at the first A time interval. This suggests that learning effects may have influenced outcomes. For some subjects, an initial decrease in scores was found during the initial 2-wk period after fitting the ACE strategy; however, scores subsequently were found to be similar to or higher than those when using the initial SPEAK strategy. Analysis of speech production assessments showed an improvement in the medial consonant scores after using the ACE strategy. Conclusions This study demonstrated that some children were able to benefit from the additional information provided by the ACE strategy as compared with the SPEAK strategy. However, the differences in overall performance between the two strategies appear to be relatively small.