Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dietary protein sources in early adulthood and breast cancer incidence: prospective cohort study

Objective To investigate the association between dietary protein sources in early adulthood and risk of breast cancer. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Health professionals in the United States. Participants 88 803 premenopausal women from the Nurses’ Health Study II who completed a questionnaire on diet in 1991. Main outcome measure Incident cases of invasive breast carcinoma, identified through self report and confirmed by pathology report. Results We documented 2830 cases of breast cancer during 20 years of follow-up. Higher intake of total red meat was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer overall (relative risk 1.22, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.40; Ptrend=0.01, for highest fifth v lowest fifth of intake). However, higher intakes of poultry, fish, eggs, legumes, and nuts were not related to breast cancer overall. When the association was evaluated by menopausal status, higher intake of poultry was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women (0.73, 0.58 to 0.91; Ptrend=0.02, for highest fifth v lowest fifth of intake) but not in premenopausal women (0.93, 0.78 to 1.11; Ptrend=0.60, for highest fifth v lowest fifth of intake). In estimating the effects of exchanging different protein sources, substituting one serving/day of legumes for one serving/day of red meat was associated with a 15% lower risk of breast cancer among all women (0.85, 0.73 to 0.98) and a 19% lower risk among premenopausal women (0.81, 0.66 to 0.99). Also, substituting one serving/day of poultry for one serving/day of red meat was associated with a 17% lower risk of breast cancer overall (0.83, 0.72 to 0.96) and a 24% lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (0.76, 0.59 to 0.99). Furthermore, substituting one serving/day of combined legumes, nuts, poultry, and fish for one serving/day of red meat was associated with a 14% lower risk of breast cancer overall (0.86, 0.78 to 0.94) and premenopausal breast cancer (0.86, 0.76 to 0.98). Conclusion Higher red meat intake in early adulthood may be a risk factor for breast cancer, and replacing red meat with a combination of legumes, poultry, nuts and fish may reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Chapter 4 Human Sensors

1. Human sensors online, where we describe how online crowd markets are enabling the aggregation of online users into working crowds, and discuss important motivation techniques and strategies for this topic. 2. Online social media mining on a large scale, where we exemplify how users’ posting of opinions and content in online social media is enabling us to develop platforms that analyse and respond to this data in realtime. Crisis response systems are a very popular type of system in this category, and here we present an overview of many of these systems, along with a case study that focuses on one of these systems called CrisisTracker. 3. Offline human sensors, i.e. urban and in-situ systems that collect data from pedestrians. Here we provide an overview of crowdsourcing beyond the desktop, and of systems that are designed to collect opinions from pedestrians in an
The integrated microbial genomes (IMG) system

The integrated microbial genomes (IMG) system is a new data management and analysis platform for microbial genomes provided by the Joint Genome Institute (JGI). IMG contains both draft and complete JGI genomes integrated with other publicly available microbial genomes of all three domains of life. IMG provides tools and viewers for analyzing genomes, genes and functions, individually or in a comparative context. IMG allows users to focus their analysis on subsets of genes and genomes of interest and to save the results of their analysis. IMG is available at .
Adding Formal Semantics to MPEG-7: Designing a Well-Founded Multimedia Ontology for the Web

Semantic descriptions of non-textual media available on the web can be used to facilitate retrieval and presentation of media assets and documents containing them. While technologies for multimedia semantic descriptions already exist, there is as yet no formal description of a high quality multimedia ontology that is compatible with existing (semantic) web technologies. We explain the complexity of the problem using an annotation scenario. We then derive a number of requirements for specifying a formal multimedia ontology, including: compatibility with MPEG-7, embedding in foundational ontologies, and modularisation including separation of document structure from domain knowledge. We then present the developed ontology and discuss it with respect to our requirements.
Decimal multiplier on FPGA using embedded binary multipliers

Decimal arithmetic has become a major necessity in computer arithmetic operations associated with human-centric applications, like financial and commercial, because the results must match exactly those obtained by human calculations. The relevance of decimal arithmetic has become evident with the revision of the IEEE-754 standard to include decimal floating-point support. There are already a variety of IP cores available for implementing binary arithmetic accelerators in FPGAs. Thus far, however, little work has been done with regard to implementing cores that work with decimal arithmetic. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to the design of a decimal multiplier in FPGA using the embedded arithmetic blocks and a novel method for binary to BCD conversion. The proposed circuits were implemented in a Xilinx Virtex 4sx35ff877-12 FPGA. The results indicate that the proposed binary to BCD converter is more efficient than the traditional shift and add-3 algorithm and that the proposed decimal multiplier is very competitive when compared to decimal multipliers implemented with direct manipulation of BCD numbers.
Kinematics of RHB stars to trace the structure of the Galaxy

Red horizontal-branch (RHB) stars have been selected from the Hipparcos catalogue to investigate their kinematics and spatial distribution. Hipparcos parallaxes, literature radial velocities and Hipparcos proper motions, together with models for the gravitational potential of the Milky Way allow a calculation of the actual velocity vectors and the orbits of the RHB stars. The velocity characteristics are used to define a halo population sample (HPS) in the collection of RHBs. The orbits lead statistically to an overall z-distance probability distri- bution, showing that the RHBs exhibit two populations, a disk one having a scale height of hdisk ≃ 0.6 kpc and a halo one of ≃ 4 kpc. We have investigated the influence on our results of parallax accuracy and of a demarcation line in the HRD between the RHB and the red-giant (RG) star region. Neither of them show marked effects. We have performed the orbit analysis using the potential model of Allen & Santillan as well as of Dehnen & Binney. The results differ only slightly for the disk population, showing that these potential models are not a critical part of such orbit investigations. RHB scale height values are smaller than those found earlier for sdB stars, most likely because the samples of stars used had different spatial distributions a priori. The data do not allow us to specify a trend in the kinematic behaviour of star types along the horizontal branch.
Design of a Comprehensive One-Year Program at the Be Brave Ranch to help Children who have been Victims of Sexual Abuse

Abstract Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is frequent, but treatment remains variable. We have designed a novel, intensive, and comprehensive 1-year program for children aged 8-12. This involves 4 periods during which the children stay at a “camp-like” facility (with parents or guardian whenever possible) for an initial period of 4 weeks followed by 3 further 2-week periods (at 4, 8, and 12 months). During these periods they receive more than 200 hours of therapy and in-between the children and their family are supported by weekly outpatient group sessions. The goals are to improve symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, quality-of-life, self-esteem, and attachment. The primary therapeutic approach is trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT) provided within a group session. Other therapeutic approaches include play therapy, art therapy, and animal assisted therapy. The program, at a facility called the “Be Brave Ranch”, has been designed to also provide a enjoyable activities in addition to the therapeutic sessions, including yoga, arts, games, music, animal interactions, as well as evening programming. Children who have been victims of CSA can have problems with cognitive development, and so receive daily cognitive training utilizing the on-line My cognition program to improve memory, attention, psychomotor speed, and executive functioning. We intend to determine the effectiveness of this program, compared to baseline, with each child acting as their own control. Outcomes will be measured in future research studies by changes in the Child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale, Kid-KINDL, revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale, and questions on attachment. In conclusion, this novel and comprehensive program may offer a new approach to helping children with CSA, and it is intended that key elements will be adapted to outpatient environments to provide more widespread availability of best care for child victims of CSA.
Watermarking relational database systems

Watermarking relational databases is an emerging research area that deals with the legal issue of copyright protection of relational databases. In this paper, we propose an efficient database watermarking algorithm based on inserting a binary image watermark in the dasiatimepsila attribute of database tuples. Experimental results demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm against common database attacks.
The construction of larch plan tation relatively growth model

Relative growth is defined as the description of the growth relationship between biological and biological part (organ). The relative growth function is a function on variable of growth and non-time variables. In the paper, a system relative growth model was constructed by the means of relatives the average height, the stand basal area at breast height, height-diameter curve, stem curve, stand density and the growth of diameter class basal area. The system model was constructed in order to predict the growth of the stand and the diameter. The results show that the model had the advantages of generality which was an effective method to predict the growth of different stand. The relative growth model is an effective method to predict the growth of stand.
Efficient Dynamic Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Centralized Dynamic Spectrum Leasing (C-DSL)

In this paper, we propose the concept of centralized dynamic spectrum leasing (C-DSL), in which multiple primary users belonging to the same primary system participate in the spectrum leasing process with secondary users (potential bidder for spectrum) under centralized control. We develop a new game-theoretic user interaction model suitable for C-DSL in a cognitive radio network. Dynamic Spectrum Leasing (DSL), proposed in allows active participation of both primary and secondary users in the spectrum sharing process. Motivated by network spectrum utilization considerations, we propose generalizations to the primary system utility function defined in and a new utility function for the secondary users. We also generalize the proposed non-cooperative C-DSL game to allow for linear multiuser detectors at the secondary base stations. We formulate the conditions on the primary system and the secondary user utility functions so that the proposed C-DSL game has desired equilibrium properties. We prove that the proposed C-DSL game has unique Nash equilibria (NE) under both matched filter (MF) and linear minimum mean-squared error (LMMSE) receivers. Equilibrium performance of the system and robustness of the proposed game theoretic adaptive implementation are investigated through simulations.
A Quality-of-Transmission Aware Dynamic Routing and Spectrum Assignment Scheme for Future Elastic Optical Networks

In this paper, we present a quality-of-transmission (QoT) aware dynamic routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment scheme referred to as QoT-aware RSA. The proposed QoT-aware RSA has three stages: path computation with QoT-aware modulation level assignment, path selection, and spectrum assignment. Two schemes are presented in the path computation stage namely, modified Dijkstra and K-shortest-path algorithms. A closed-form expression is derived to model the fiber nonlinearity effects and the impairments of intermediate routers. This expression is utilized to estimate the network dependent QoT and the transmission reach of the modulation levels. We propose to select the best path in terms of optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) metric. Furthermore, the traffic-balancing spectrum assignment method is utilized to serve the incoming request. The proposed scheme is evaluated using extensive numerical simulations based on both random and deterministic traffic models. The results of simulation reveal that the path selection and spectrum assignment methods can affect the average OSNR performance. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed path selection and spectrum assignment schemes outperform other existing alternatives in the literature.
Gender Differences in Professional Advancement: The Role of Goals, Perceptions, and Behaviors

Women are significantly underrepresented in senior-level positions within organizations. A great deal of research has provided evidence that both demand-side factors (e.g., bias and discrimination) and supply-side factors (e.g., the different behavioral tendencies of men and women) significantly contribute to this gender disparity. However, demandand supply-side factors are inextricably linked, such that differences in supply-side behaviors are often elicited in response to the divergent demand-side treatment that members of each gender receive. The aim of the current research was to investigate whether men and women’s goals, which are a strong predictor of downstream behavior, are similarly affected by differences in the ways that men and women are evaluated and treated. Thus, across 12 studies, employing a total of 6,245 participants, we examined differences in the professional advancement goals, perceptions, and behaviors exhibited by men and women. Our findings reveal that, compared to men, women view attaining power at work as less of a goal and opportunities for professional advancement as less desirable. To explore what may be shaping these differential objectives, we examined four potential contributing factors: (i) perceived attainability, (ii) perceptions of negative outcomes, (iii) perceptions of resistance and backlash to one’s ideas and abilities, and (iv) perceived belonging among one’s coworkers. While we found no gender difference for perceptions of attainability, resistance and backlash, or belonging, women did anticipate more negative outcomes (i.e., conflict amongst one’s goals, trade-offs, time constraints, and sacrifice) being associated with a iv promotion or high-power job opportunity. Moreover, these perceptions explained the relationship between women’s reduced desire for and pursuit of opportunities related to career advancement. These results are in line with the disproportionate level of domestic responsibilities placed on women as well as the conflicting nature of what it means to be a leader and what it means to be a woman from a societal expectations standpoint. Past research has shown that women’s perceptions of this imbalance and incongruity exert considerable influence over their behavior, but the current research suggests that this role conflict manifests itself on an even deeper level, by influencing the underlying goals that women have for themselves.
Performance Analysis of Smart Antenna System Using a Phase Update Method in W-CDMA Signal Environment

This paper proposes a novel blind adaptive algorithm for computing the weight vector of an antenna array system. The new technique utilizes a phase update algorithm to obtain the weight vector maximizing the SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio) of the received signal. It is observed that the proposed algorithm generates a suboptimal weight vector with a linear computational load(O(6N+8)). From the various simulations, it is confirmed that, when the signal environment becomes adverse, the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional one in terms of the communication capacity by about 3 times. Applying the proposed algorithm to W-CDMA mobile communication system, we have found that both communication capacity and communication quality are significantly improved
Pavlovian conditioning and its proper control procedures.

The traditional control procedures for Pavlovian conditioning are examined and each is found wanting. Some procedures introduce nonassociative factors not present in the experimental procedure while others transform the excitatory, experimental CS-US contingency into an inhibitory contingency. An alternative control procedure is suggested in which there is no contingency whatsoever between CS and US. This "truly random" control procedure leads to a new conception of Pavlovian conditioning postulating that the contingency between CS and US, rather than the pairing of CS and US, is the important event in conditioning. The fruitfulness of this new conception of Pavlovian conditioning is illustrated by 2 experimental results.
Antioxidant Action of Mangrove Polyphenols against Gastric Damage Induced by Absolute Ethanol and Ischemia-Reperfusion in the Rat

Rhizophora mangle, the red mangrove, has long been known as a traditional medicine. Its bark has been used as astringent, antiseptic, hemostatic, with antifungic and antiulcerogenic properties. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties of a buthanolic fraction of the R. mangle bark extract (RM) against experimental gastric ulcer in rats. Unib-Wh rats received pretreatment of R. mangle after the induction of gastric injury with absolute ethanol and ischemia-reperfusion. Gastric tissues from both methods were prepared to the enzymatic assays, the levels of sulfhydril compounds (GSH), lipid peroxides (LPO), and the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured. The RM protected the gastric mucosa in both methods used, ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and ischemia-reperfusion, probably, by modulating the activities of the enzymes SOD, GPx, and GR and increasing or maintaining the levels of GSH; in adittion, LPO levels were reduced. The results suggest that the RM antioxidant activity leads to tissue protection; thus one of the antiulcer mechanisms present on the pharmacological effects of R. mangle is the antioxidant property.
Comparison of SSVEP BCI and Eye Tracking for Controlling a Humanoid Robot in a Social Environment

Recent advances in humanoid robot technologies have made it possible to inhabit a humanlike form located at a remote place. This allows the participant to interact with others in that space and experience the illusion that the participant is actually present in the remote space. Moreover, with these humanlike forms, it may be possible to induce a full-body ownership illusion, where the robot body is perceived to be one's own. We show that it is possible to induce the full-body ownership illusion over a remote robotic body with a highly robotic appearance. Additionally, our results indicate that even with nonmanual control of a remote robotic body, it is possible to induce feelings of agency and illusions of body ownership. Two established control methods, an SSVEP-based BCI and eye tracking, were tested as a means of controlling the robot's gesturing. Our experience and the results indicate that both methods are tractable for immersive control of a humanoid robot in a social telepresence setting.
Interactive Rendering of Complex 3D-Treemaps with a Comparative Performance Evaluations

3D-Treemaps are an important visualization technique for hierarchical views. In contrast to 2D-Treemaps, height can be used to map one additional attribute of the data items. Using the Treemap technique in combination with large datasets (more than 500k) a fast rendering and interaction techniques that are beyond collapsing/uncollapsing nodes is still one of the main challenges. This paper presents a novel rendering technique that enables the image synthesis of geometrical complex 3D-Treemaps in real-time. The fully hardware accelerated approach is based on shape generation using geometry shaders. This approach offers increased rendering performance and low update latency compared to existing techniques and through it enables new real-time interaction techniques to large datasets.
Human kinetochores are swivel joints that mediate microtubule attachments

Chromosome segregation is a mechanical process that requires assembly of the mitotic spindle – a dynamic microtubule-based force-generating machine. Connections to this spindle are mediated by sister kinetochore pairs, that form dynamic end-on attachments to microtubules emanating from opposite spindle poles. This bi-orientation generates forces that have been reported to stretch the kinetochore itself, which has been suggested to stabilise attachment and silence the spindle checkpoint. We reveal using three dimensional tracking that the outer kinetochore domain can swivel around the inner kinetochore/centromere, which results in large reductions in intra-kinetochore distance (delta) when viewed in lower dimensions. We show that swivel provides a mechanical flexibility that enables kinetochores at the periphery of the spindle to engage microtubules. Swivel reduces as cells approach anaphase, suggesting an organisational change linked to checkpoint satisfaction and/or obligatory changes in kinetochore mechanochemistry may occur before dissolution of sister chromatid cohesion. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.16159. 001
Region based data extraction

Wrappers are tools used to extract relevant information from HTML pages. Current approaches use DOM tree, visual cue, and ontology to extract data. DOM tree based techniques are fast and simple. However, they are not as accurate as visual based wrappers due to lack of additional information needed to perform data extraction. Visual based wrappers, on the other hand, are slow due to the extra processing needed to obtain visual cue from the underlying browser rendering engine. Ontology based wrappers are accurate, but they are also slow and need manual tuning to operate them. In this paper, we propose a novel visual based wrapper to extract information from HTML pages. Our wrapper uses visual cue to eliminate unnecessary regions, hence reduces the running time of extraction task as our wrapper only needs to consider the relevant region for extraction. Then, our wrapper removes irrelevant data from the relevant region using visual cue. Experiment results show that our wrapper outperforms state-of-the-art wrapper WISH in data extraction.
The Research of FP-Growth Method Based on Apriori Algorithm in MDSS

The paper mainly discussed The Application of the Model_FP based on Apriori algorithm in MDSS. FP-Growth algorithm based on frequent pattern growth (frequent-pattern growth referred to as FP-growth) model - model Model_FP, it has taken the following sub-rule strategy: frequent item sets will be provided to a frequent pattern database compression tree (or FP-tree), but remains set of related information items, then, will take this compressed database into a set of the database (a special type of projection database), each associated with a frequent item, and were excavated each database. FP-growth method will change find long frequent patterns to find the problem into a number of short-recursive mode, then connect the suffix. It uses the least frequent items as suffix, to provide a good selectivity, and the method reduces the search overhead.