Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Income Pooling between Australian Young Adults and Their Parents

We test whether young adults who co‐reside with their parents derive influence over household‐level expenditure by earning income. We propose a new variant of the Engel curve consistent with the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System, which allows a simple test of income pooling. Our tests suggest that young adults and parents mostly pool their income — pooling is not rejected for 8 out of 12 expenditure categories. We are more likely to reject income pooling between young adults and their parents in those expenditure categories where the model fit is highest, so our results may be interpreted as an upper bound on income pooling. We also apply our tests to income pooling between husbands and wives and find that pooling holds for 9 out of 12 expenditure categories. We find the opposite relationship with fit — expenditure categories where fit is poor are those where we are most likely to reject income pooling.
Hierarchical Discriminative Learning for Visible Thermal Person Re-Identification

Person re-identification is widely studied in visible spectrum, where all the person images are captured by visible cameras. However, visible cameras may not capture valid appearance information under poor illumination conditions, e.g, at night. In this case, thermal camera is superior since it is less dependent on the lighting by using infrared light to capture the human body. To this end, this paper investigates a cross-modal re-identification problem, namely visible-thermal person re-identification (VT-REID). Existing cross-modal matching methods mainly focus on modeling the cross-modality discrepancy, while VT-REID also suffers from cross-view variations caused by different camera views. Therefore, we propose a hierarchical cross-modality matching model by jointly optimizing the modality-specific and modality-shared metrics. The modality-specific metrics transform two heterogenous modalities into a consistent space that modality-shared metric can be subsequently learnt. Meanwhile, the modality-specific metric compacts features of the same person within each modality to handle the large intra-modality intra-person variations (e.g. viewpoints, pose). Additionally, an improved two-stream CNN network is presented to learn the multi-modality sharable feature representations. Identity loss and contrastive loss are integrated to enhance the discriminability and modality-invariance with partially shared layer parameters. Extensive experiments illustrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
A TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING BRAIN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Abstract— Mice were infused intravenously for varying periods of time with L‐[U‐14C]‐ tyrosine. The specific activity of free tyrosine in the blood and the brain, and of protein‐bound tyrosine in the brain, was measured and the mean rate of protein synthesis calculated. The half‐life of mixed brain proteins was found to be close to 4 days with infusions lasting 0.5–2 h.
A Hitchhiker's Guide to Computation Offloading: Opinions from Practitioners

Due to the increasing usage and capabilities of smart devices, mobile application developers build a large number of resource intensive applications, such as WAR applications. Even with the rapid development in hardware technology, the computing capability and battery capacity on wearable devices and smartphones still cannot meet the application demands with heavy computations and high battery drain. Pervasive computing addresses this problem by migrating applications to the resource providers external to mobile devices. The profitability of this method heavily depends on how to implement it and when to use it. Although there are many computation offloading systems proposed in the literature, there is no practical manual that addresses all the implementation complexities on the way to building a general offloading system. In this article, we review developments in the field of pervasive computing on computation offloading. We use this literature review together with our own experience and provide designers with some detailed guidelines to gain a deep insight into the implementation challenges of a computation offloading system. The guidelines empower the reader to choose between the variety of solutions in the literature for developing any offloading system with the consideration of their own system architecture and available facilities. Finally, we evaluate our general offloading system on Android devices with two real-time applications.
Knowledge and Attitudes of Nurses Toward Pressure Injury Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Multisite Study

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the knowledge and attitudes of nurses on pressure injury prevention and determine if there was a relationship between knowledge, attitude, and years of experience following an unexplained increase in reported hospital-acquired pressure injuries across 1 health district in Sydney, Australia. DESIGN: Multisite cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Registered and enrolled nurses working in acute, medical, and rehabilitation units in 4 hospitals and 5 community health centers across a local health district. METHODS: Using a modified version of the Pressure Ulcer Knowledge Test and the Staff Attitude Scale, nurses were invited to complete the survey online or on paper. RESULTS: A total of 3123 surveys were distributed and 998 were returned yielding a response rate of 32%. Approximately one-third of nurse respondents who participated in the survey had been practicing for 5 to 10 years. Almost 80% of participants scored 33/47 or more (70% or more correct) on the knowledge survey; the mean score was 35.21. The mean score for the attitudes test was 44.43 ± 4.77, out of 55 (80.7%), indicating a positive attitude toward pressure injury prevention. There was a significant positive correlation between nurses' years of experience and attitudes, but there was no correlation between years of experience and knowledge. Knowledge and attitudes were also significantly positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses had sound knowledge and held positive attitudes toward pressure injury prevention. Positive attitudes were associated with greater time spent in the workforce. Additional research is required to examine relationships between knowledge of and attitude toward pressure injury prevention and clinical practice. Further research is also needed to determine if improving knowledge and attitudes results in a sustained reduction of hospital-acquired pressure injuries.
Modeling and Testing of Growth Status for Chinese Cabbage and White Radish with UAV-Based RGB Imagery

Conventional crop-monitoring methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, necessitating new techniques to provide faster measurements and higher sampling intensity. This study reports on mathematical modeling and testing of growth status for Chinese cabbage and white radish using unmanned aerial vehicle-red, green and blue (UAV-RGB) imagery for measurement of their biophysical properties. Chinese cabbage seedlings and white radish seeds were planted at 7–10-day intervals to provide a wide range of growth rates. Remotely sensed digital imagery data were collected for test fields at approximately one-week intervals using a UAV platform equipped with an RGB digital camera flying at 2 m/s at 20 m above ground. Radiometric calibrations for the RGB band sensors were performed on every UAV flight using standard calibration panels to minimize the effect of ever-changing light conditions on the RGB images. Vegetation fractions (VFs) of crops in each region of interest from the mosaicked ortho-images were calculated as the ratio of pixels classified as crops segmented using the Otsu threshold method and a vegetation index of excess green (ExG). Plant heights (PHs) were estimated using the structure from motion (SfM) algorithm to create 3D surface models from crop canopy data. Multiple linear regression equations consisting of three predictor variables (VF, PH, and VF × PH) and four different response variables (fresh weight, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf count) provided good fits with coefficients of determination (R2) ranging from 0.66 to 0.90. The validation results using a dataset of crop growth obtained in a different year also showed strong linear relationships (R2 > 0.76) between the developed regression models and standard methods, confirming that the models make it possible to use UAV-RGB images for quantifying spatial and temporal variability in biophysical properties of Chinese cabbage and white radish over the growing season.
Wind energy development in Ontario: a process/product paradox

The Province of Ontario is aggressively pursuing renewable energy development, but not without significant turbulence. Ontario's Green Energy Act (2009) reflects this aggressive pursuit, and is aimed at making the province a global leader in renewable energy development. Wind energy is an integral but controversial part of these commitments. While several installations have been built or announced, conflicts surrounding the development of the technology continue to grow. This article documents, analyses and interprets media coverage in order to understand public discourse potentially driving support for and resistance to wind energy development (WED) in Ontario. Contrary to numerous studies which have elucidated public attitudes towards WED, the media discourse analysed suggests that roadblocks to public acceptance of the technology are more rooted in the development process (renewable energy policies and their implementation) rather than the products of WED (wind turbines). The study highlights the need for increased procedural justice to ameliorate feelings of unfairness which play a key role in fuelling resistance to the technology.
Effect of cholesterol lowering treatment on positive exercise tests in patients with hypercholesterolaemia and normal coronary angiograms

AIM To assess the impact of cholesterol lowering on positive exercise stress tests in hypercholesterolaemic patients with normal coronary angiograms. METHODS 43 non-diabetic patients aged 43–61 years, with total serum cholesterol concentrations of more than 7.75 mmol/l, positive exercise tests, and normal coronary angiograms, were started on the American Heart Association step 1 diet. After 12 weeks these patients were randomly assigned to treatment for another 16 weeks with the diet alone (diet group, n = 20) or with the diet plus lovastatin or simvastatin (statin group, n = 23). After this 28 week run in period, statins were withdrawn and lipid profile tests and exercise tests were done and repeated 20 weeks later. RESULTS At week 28, the statin group but not the diet group had significant reductions from baseline (week 12) in plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), low density lipoprotein (p < 0.0001), and triglyceride (p < 0.0001). The number of patients with positive exercise tests decreased from 23 to three in the statin group and from 20 to 15 in the diet group (p = 0.01). After the final 20 weeks without statins, lipid profiles returned to baseline levels in all 17 patients remaining in the statin group, and exercise tests were again positive in 15 of these patients. CONCLUSIONS In hypercholesterolaemic patients with normal coronary arteries, cholesterol lowering treatment reduces myocardial ischaemia, as shown by the beneficial effects on exercise testing.
Modelling of an industrial symbiosis network as a supply chain

Industrial symbiosis pursues the implementation of synergies among companies in terms of ensuring a beneficial coexistence, not only environmental but also economic and social. This involves cross-industry and cross-sectorial collaboration within a community approach, providing a competitive advantage through exchanges of material, energy and water. Collaboration and synergistic possibilities offered by geographic proximity underlie successfully implemented experiences. This work aims at conceiving the entities involved as suppliers, receivers and processes in analogy with a supply chain. An industrial symbiosis supply chain model has been developed so that firms can understand the industrial symbiosis opportunities that they might have in comparison to a traditional supply chain of resources. The model was implemented computationally with a supply chain-based software tool in order to analyse and experiment with a primary industrial symbiosis network of three large companies from the process industry. The performance of the network model has been outlined with a focus on resilience under several fluctuations that might happen with regard to the resources exchanged. In brief, this methodology provides a complementary approach to the feasibility studies of industrial symbiosis projects at the design stages so as to support the decision-making about implementing new resource efficiency-based configurations that should perform as sustainable supply chains.
Putative virulence factors are released in association with membrane vesicles from Burkholderia cepacia.

Like many other Gram-negative bacteria, Burkholderia cepacia naturally releases membrane vesicles (n-MVs) during normal growth. Through filtration and differential centrifugation, n-MVs from clinical isolates of the IIIa and V genomovars were isolated and their characteristics compared. Electron microscopy revealed that they were spherical, 30-220 nm in diameter, and bilayered. Virulence factors thought to play a role in pathogenicity (e.g., lipase, phospholipase-N, and protease, including a metalloprotease) were found associated with n-MVs, while peptidoglycan zymogram analysis also revealed 26, 28, 36, and 66 kDa peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes. n-MVs were often contaminated with flagella and pili when isolated by traditional methods, and a new strategy using a linear isopycnic sucrose gradient was utilized. For better characterization, this was applied to a representative genomovar IIIa strain (C5424) and showed that n-MVs consisted of a subset of specific outer membrane and periplasmic proteins as well as lipopoly saccharide possessing only a putative minor O-side chain polymer. This finding suggests that certain components are selected by B. cepacia during n-MV formation, and since some are putative virulence factors, this property could help deliver the factors to tissue, thereby aiding infection.
Delivering organizational excellence by employee values management

Most organizations, both private and, increasingly, public sector, are now recognizing that the delivery of organizational value is a key stakeholder need. Organizational value can be thus considered as `̀ the optimization of the operating base in the most eVective and eYcient means, taking into account all stakeholder needs’ ’ . From this de® nition, we can similarly equate the quest for organizational value with that of an organization’s search for `excellence’ . Thus, organizational value and organizational excellence can be considered one and the same in that they both recognize the need for an organization to deliver outcomes in a manner that identi® es and delivers value speci® cally related to all stakeholder needs. Similarly, to achieve organizational value/excellence, there is a fundamental need to ensure an alignment between stakeholder needs and an organizational capability to deliver those needs. Employees are the critical stakeholders in that, as well as being inherent stakeholders, only they ultimately deliver the organizational outcomes needed to meet fully all stakeholders needs. Within this recognition, the psychological process of motivation plays a vital part. Similarly, the eVect of management system environment, or culture, on motivation must be taken into account. The revised (April 1999) European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence model, and indeed the April 2000 revision of the UK Investors in People (IiP) standard, both place increased emphasis on the consideration of culture and employee motivation in terms of delivering organizational outcomes. In particular, the EFQM Excellence model criterion for `people satisfaction’ was enhanced in April 1999 to recognize more comprehensively that `people results’ need to address far more than merely an annual measurement of `satisfaction’ . Many organizations are increasingly recognizing that the t̀raditional’ measure of `employee satisfaction’ gives but a one-dimensional view of employee perception of value, and certainly does not provide a view of the alignment of employee-held values with required organizational outcomes.
Managing dramaturgical dilemmas: youth drinking and multiple identities

Purpose This paper aims to understand how young people manage the dramaturgical dilemmas related to drinking alcohol and performing multiple identities. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on qualitative data collected with 16-18-year olds, the authors adopt Goffman’s dramaturgical perspective to examine youth alcohol consumption in relation to multiple identities. Findings Young people continuously and skilfully juggle multiple identities across multiple contexts, where identities overflow and audiences and interactions overlap. Techniques of audience segregation, mystification and misrepresentation and justification are used to perform and manage multiple identities in a risky health behaviour context. Research limitations/implications The approach may facilitate some over- and under-claiming. Future studies could observe young people’s performances of self across multiple contexts, paying particular attention to how alcohol features in these performances. Practical implications Social marketing campaigns should demonstrate an understanding of how alcohol relates to the contexts of youth lives beyond the “night out” and engage more directly with young peoples’ navigation between different identities, contexts and audiences. Campaigns could tap into the secretive nature of youth alcohol consumption and discourage youth from prioritising audience segregation and mystification above their own safety. Originality/value Extant work has argued that consumers find multiplicity unmanageable or manage multiple identities through internal dialogue. Instead, this paper demonstrates how young people manage multiple identities through interaction and performance. This study challenges the neat compartmentalisation of identities identified in prior literature and Goffman’s clear-cut division of performances into front and back stage.
Outside Lobbying: Public Opinion and Interest Group Strategies

List of FiguresList of TablesPreface1Introduction32Tactics and Strategies283Outside Lobbying as Costly Signaling584Public Opinion and Mobilization785Outside Lobbying as Conflict Expansion1016Lobbying over Trade Policy1337Conclusion155App. AGroups and Persons Interviewed165App. BQuestionnaire for Interest Groups168App. COpinion Questions173App. DA Signaling Model of Outside Lobbying193Bibliography201Index211
Exchange Rate Exposures and Strategies of Industrial Companies: An Empirical Study

This article investigates empirically the potential and actual exchange rate exposure strategies of industrial companies in relation to identifying and quantifying the neutral financial positions in an optimal hedging strategy. A stock market approach as a potential remedy is analyzed but found to be statistically troublesome and fundamentally flawed. Part of the diversity in actual strategies found in this article reflects different competitive environments, while another part indicates that the companies have not yet reached a systematic risk management of ongoing competitive exposures. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Isolation of Rickettsia parkeri and Identification of a Novel Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia sp. from Gulf Coast Ticks (Amblyomma maculatum) in the United States

ABSTRACT Until recently, Amblyomma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) had garnered little attention compared to other species of human-biting ticks in the United States. A. maculatum is now recognized as the principal vector of Rickettsia parkeri, a pathogenic spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) that causes an eschar-associated illness in humans that resembles Rocky Mountain spotted fever. A novel SFGR, distinct from other recognized Rickettsia spp. , has also been detected recently in A. maculatum specimens collected in several regions of the southeastern United States. In this study, 198 questing adult Gulf Coast ticks were collected at 4 locations in Florida and Mississippi; 28% of these ticks were infected with R. parkeri, and 2% of these were infected with a novel SFGR. Seventeen isolates of R. parkeri from individual specimens of A. maculatum were cultivated in Vero E6 cells; however, all attempts to isolate the novel SFGR were unsuccessful. Partial genetic characterization of the novel SFGR revealed identity with several recently described, incompletely characterized, and noncultivated SFGR, including “Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae” and Rickettsia sp. Argentina detected in several species of Neotropical ticks from Argentina and Peru. These findings suggest that each of these “novel” rickettsiae represent the same species. This study considerably expanded the number of low-passage, A. maculatum-derived isolates of R. parkeri and characterized a second, sympatric Rickettsia sp. found in Gulf Coast ticks.
Intracoronary Nicorandil and the Prevention of the No-Reflow Phenomenon During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Background This study aimed to investigate intracoronary nicorandil treatment on the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to compare nicorandil with sodium nitroprusside. Material/Methods Patients with sustained acute STEMI who underwent primary PCI (N=120) were randomly assigned to three groups: the nicorandil-treated group (N=40) had 2 mg of nicorandil injected into the coronary artery at 2 mm beyond the occlusion with balloon pre-dilation; the sodium nitroprusside-treated group (N=40) underwent the same procedure, but with 200 μg of sodium nitroprusside; the control group (N=40) received PCI and balloon pre-dilation only. Coronary angiography, incidence of NRP, hypotensive episodes, ST-segment resolution (STR) rate, levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), wall motion score index (WMSI), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured before and after primary PCI. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) post-PCI and at three-month follow-up were recorded. Results Patients in the sodium nitroprusside and nicorandil groups had significantly improved thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) scores, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG), and ST-segment elevation resolution (STR) (P<0.05), and a significantly lower incidence of NRP (P=0.013). The incidence of intraoperative hypotension in the sodium nitroprusside group was significantly greater than the nicorandil and control groups (P=0.035). Conclusions Patients with sustained acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI, treated with intracoronary nicorandil had a reduced incidence of the NRP, improved myocardial perfusion and cardiac function.