Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of neurofeedback therapy for anxiety and stress in adults living with a chronic illness: a systematic review protocol.

REVIEW QUESTION/OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to systematically examine the effectiveness of neurofeedback therapy for managing anxiety and stress in adults living with a chronic illness.The specific objectives are to identify which neurofeedback systems and/or protocols demonstrate effectiveness and determine the level of supporting evidence.The review question is as follows: What is the effectiveness of neurofeedback therapy for managing anxiety and stress in an adult population aged 18 years of age or older living with a chronic illness?
LOGIC AND COGNITION : Human Performance in Default Reasoning

There has long been a history of studies investigating how people (" ordinary people ") perform on tasks that involve deductive reasoning. The upshot of these studies is that people characteristically perform some deductive tasks well but others badly. For instance, studies show that people will typically perform MP (" modus ponens " : from 'If A then B' and 'A', infer 'B') and bi-conditional MP (from: 'A if and only if B' and 'A', infer 'B') correctly when invited to make the inference and additionally can discover of their own accord when such inferences are appropriate. On the other hand, the same studies show that people typically perform MT (" modus tollens " : from 'If A then B' and 'not-B', infer 'not-A') and biconditional MT badly. They not only do not recognize when it is appropriate to draw such inferences, but also they will balk at doing them even when they are told that they can make it. Related to these shortcomings seems to be the inability of people to understand that contrapositives are equivalent (that 'If A then B' is equivalent to 'If not-B then not-A'). [Studies of people's deductive inference-drawing abilities have a long history, involving many studies in the early 20 th century concerning Aristotelian syllogisms. But the current spate of studies draws much of its impetus from Wason (Wason, 1968; see also Wason & Johnson-Laird, 1972). ] The general conclusion seems to be that there are specific areas where " ordinary people " do not perform very logically. This conclusion will not come as a surprise to teachers of elementary logic, who have long thought that the majority of " ordinary people " are inherently illogical and need deep and forceful schooling in order to overcome this flaw. There has been a similar history–although somewhat shorter–of studies investigating how people perform on tasks that involve probabilistic reasoning. The upshot of these studies is that people characteristically make a number of errors because they do not pay attention to certain relevant information and because they give undue importance to certain kinds of irrelevant information. The study of the types of errors people make on this probabilistic reasoning has come to be called " heuristics and biases " because the underlying assumption is that people have inbuilt or inherent biases as part of their mental equipment that causes them to ignore or give undue status to …
Distinct Effects of Calorie Restriction and Exercise on Mammary Gland Gene Expression in C57BL/6 Mice

Energy balance, including diet, weight, adiposity, and physical activity, is associated with carcinogenesis. Epidemiologic studies indicate that obesity and sedentary and/or active behavior are risk factors for breast cancer in postmenopausal women and survival in both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Thus, understanding the influence of energy balance modulation on changes in gene expression patterns in the normal mammary gland is important for understanding mechanisms linking energy balance and breast cancer. In a 6-week-long study, female C57BL/6 mice (9-week-old) were randomized into four groups: (a) food consumed ad libitum (AL), (b) AL with access to running wheels (AL+EX), (c) 30% calorie restricted (CR), and (d) 30% CR with access to running wheels (CR+EX). CR mice received 70% of calories but 100% of all other nutrients compared with AL mice. Diet and exercise treatments, individually and combined, had significant effects on body composition and physical activity. Affymetrix oligomicroarrays were used to explore changes in gene expression patterns in total RNA samples from excised whole mammary glands. Contrasting AL versus CR resulted in 425 statistically significant expression changes, whereas AL versus AL+EX resulted in 45 changes, with only 3 changes included among the same genes, indicating that CR and EX differentially influence expression patterns in noncancerous mammary tissue. Differential expression was observed in genes related to breast cancer stem cells, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the growth and survival of breast cancer cells. Thus, CR and EX seem to exert their effects on mammary carcinogenesis through distinct pathways.
A Mobile Geo-Communication Dataset for Physiology-Aware DASH in Rural Ambulance Transport

Use of telecommunication technologies for remote, continuous monitoring of patients can enhance effectiveness of emergency ambulance care during transport from rural areas to a regional center hospital. However, the communication along the various routes in rural areas may have wide bandwidth ranges from 2G to 4G; some regions may have only lower satellite bandwidth available. Bandwidth fluctuation together with real-time communication of various clinical multimedia pose a major challenge during rural patient ambulance transport. ; AB@The availability of a pre-transport route-dependent communication bandwidth database is an important resource in remote monitoring and clinical multimedia transmission in rural ambulance transport. Here, we present a geo-communication dataset from extensive profiling of 4 major US mobile carriers in Illinois, from the rural location of Hoopeston to the central referral hospital center at Urbana. In collaboration with Carle Foundation Hospital, we developed a profiler, and collected various geographical and communication traces for realistic emergency rural ambulance transport scenarios. Our dataset is to support our ongoing work of proposing "physiology-aware DASH", which is particularly useful for adaptive remote monitoring of critically ill patients in emergency rural ambulance transport. It provides insights on ensuring higher Quality of Service (QoS) for most critical clinical multimedia in response to changes in patients' physiological states and bandwidth conditions. Our dataset is available online1 for research community.
The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class, and Culture Online

From race, sex, class, and culture, the multidisciplinary field of Internet studies needs theoretical and methodological approaches that allow us to question the organization of social relations that are embedded in digital technologies, and that foster a clearer understanding of how power relations are organized through technologies. Representing a scholarly dialogue among established and emerging critical media and information studies scholars, this volume provides a means of foregrounding new questions, methods, and theories which can be applied to digital media, platforms, and infrastructures. These inquiries include, among others, how representation to hardware, software, computer code, and infrastructures might be implicated in global economic, political, and social systems of control. Contributors argue that more research needs to explicitly trace the types of uneven power relations that exist in technological spaces. By looking at both the broader political and economic context and the many digital technology acculturation processes as they are differentiated intersectionally, a clearer picture emerges of how under-acknowledging culturally situated and gendered information technologies are impacting the possibility of participation with (or purposeful abstinence from) the Internet. This book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate courses in Internet studies, library and information studies, communication, sociology, and psychology. It is also ideal for researchers with varying expertise and will help to advance theoretical and methodological approaches to Internet research.
Long Non-Coding RNA (LncRNA) HOXA11-AS Promotes Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Background To detect the expression of lncRNA HOXA11-AS and its biological effect in breast cancer. Material/Methods In this study, fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), MTT assay and clone formation assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay and wound healing assay, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis were conducted to detect the expression of lncRNA HOXA11-AS, cell proliferation activity, cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle distribution, the changes of cell invasion and metastasis capacity, and the expressions of molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), respectively. Additionally, a nude mouse metastatic tumor model was established to study the influence of lncRNA HOXA11-AS on invasion and metastasis capacity of breast cancer cells. Results The qRT-PCR experiment results showed that HOXA11-AS expression in breast cancer tissue of 50 patients was relatively higher than that in tissue adjacent to cancer. MTT assay suggested that tumor cell proliferation capacity was suppressed followed by the knockdown of lncRNA HOXA11-AS expression in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells; flow cytometry results demonstrated that interfering in lncRNA HOXA11-AS could induce tumor cell apoptosis and promote cell cycle progression to be arrested in G1/G0 stage; experiments in vivo/vitro manifested that interfering in lncRNA HOXA11-AS could inhibit tumor cell invasion and migration capacity by affecting the expressions of EMT-related molecular markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin). Conclusions High expression of lncRNA HOXA11-AS promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis by affecting EMT, and interfering in lncRAN HOXA11-AS expression provides a theoretical basis and important molecular target for inhibiting the distant metastasis of breast cancer in clinical practice.
Visualization of Cellular Phosphoinositide Pools with GFP‐Fused Protein‐Domains

This unit describes the method of following phosphoinositide dynamics in live cells. Inositol phospholipids have emerged as universal signaling molecules present in virtually every membrane of eukaryotic cells. Phosphoinositides are present in only tiny amounts as compared to structural lipids, but they are metabolically very active as they are produced and degraded by the numerous inositide kinase and phosphatase enzymes. Phosphoinositides control the membrane recruitment and activity of many membrane protein signaling complexes in specific membrane compartments, and they have been implicated in the regulation of a variety of signaling and trafficking pathways. It has been a challenge to develop methods that allow detection of phosphoinositides at the single‐cell level. The only available technique in live cell applications is based on the use of the same protein domains selected by evolution to recognize cellular phosphoinositides. Some of these isolated protein modules, when fused to fluorescent proteins, can follow dynamic changes in phosphoinositides. While this technique can provide information on phosphoinositide dynamics in live cells with subcellular localization, and it has rapidly gained popularity, it also has several limitations that must be taken into account when interpreting the data. This unit summarizes the design and practical use of these constructs and also reviews important considerations for interpretation of the data obtained by this technique. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 42:24.4. 1‐24.4. 27. © 2009 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Janus Emulsions for the Detection of Bacteria

Janus emulsion assays that rely on carbohydrate–lectin binding for the detection of Escherichia coli bacteria are described. Surfactants containing mannose are self-assembled at the surface of Janus droplets to produce particles with lectin binding sites. Janus droplets orient in a vertical direction as a result of the difference in densities between the hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon solvents. Binding of lectin to mannose(s) causes agglutination and a tilted geometry. The distinct optical difference between naturally aligned and agglutinated Janus droplets produces signals that can be detected quantitatively. The Janus emulsion assay sensitively and selectively binds to E. coli at 104 cfu/mL and can be easily prepared with long-time stability. It provides the basis for the development of inexpensive portable devices for fast, on-site pathogen detection.
Tree analysis modeling of the associations between PHQ-9 depressive symptoms and doctor diagnosis of depression in primary care

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between patient self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) symptoms and doctor diagnosis of depression using a tree analysis approach. Methods This was a secondary analysis on a dataset obtained from 10 179 adult primary care patients and 59 primary care physicians (PCPs) across Hong Kong. Patients completed a waiting room survey collecting data on socio-demographics and the PHQ-9. Blinded doctors documented whether they thought the patient had depression. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression and conditional inference decision tree modeling. Results PCPs diagnosed 594 patients with depression. Logistic regression identified gender, age, employment status, past history of depression, family history of mental illness and recent doctor visit as factors associated with a depression diagnosis. Tree analyses revealed different pathways of association between PHQ-9 symptoms and depression diagnosis for patients with and without past depression. The PHQ-9 symptom model revealed low mood, sense of worthlessness, fatigue, sleep disturbance and functional impairment as early classifiers. The PHQ-9 total score model revealed cut-off scores of >12 and >15 were most frequently associated with depression diagnoses in patients with and without past depression. Conclusions A past history of depression is the most significant factor associated with the diagnosis of depression. PCPs appear to utilize a hypothetical-deductive problem-solving approach incorporating pre-test probability, with different associated factors for patients with and without past depression. Diagnostic thresholds may be too low for patients with past depression and too high for those without, potentially leading to over and under diagnosis of depression.
Discovery of Three Novel Coccidian Parasites Infecting California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus), with Evidence of Sexual Replication and Interspecies Pathogenicity

abstract: Enteric protozoal infection was identified in 5 stranded California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Microscopically, the apical cytoplasm of distal jejunal enterocytes contained multiple stages of coccidian parasites, including schizonts with merozoites and spherical gametocytes, which were morphologically similar to coccidians. By histopathology, organisms appeared to be confined to the intestine and accompanied by only mild enteritis. Using electron microscopy, both sexual (microgametocytes, macrogamonts) and asexual (schizonts, merozoites) coccidian stages were identified in enterocytes within parasitophorous vacuoles, consistent with apicomplexan development in a definitive host. Serology was negative for tissue cyst-forming coccidians, and immunohistochemistry for Toxoplasma gondii was inconclusive and negative for Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona. Analysis of ITS-1 gene sequences amplified from frozen or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded intestinal sections identified DNA sequences with closest homology to Neospora sp. (80%); these novel sequences were referred to as belonging to coccidian parasites “A,” “B,” and “C. ” Subsequent molecular analyses completed on a neonatal harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) with protozoal lymphadenitis, hepatitis, myocarditis, and encephalitis showed that it was infected with a coccidian parasite bearing the “C” sequence type. Our results indicate that sea lions likely serve as definitive hosts for 3 newly described coccidian parasites, at least 1 of which is pathogenic in a marine mammal intermediate host species.
Community violence perpetration and victimization among adults with mental illnesses.

OBJECTIVES In a large heterogeneous sample of adults with mental illnesses, we examined the 6-month prevalence and nature of community violence perpetration and victimization, as well as associations between these outcomes. METHODS Baseline data were pooled from 5 studies of adults with mental illnesses from across the United States (n = 4480); the studies took place from 1992 to 2007. The MacArthur Community Violence Screening Instrument was administered to all participants. RESULTS Prevalence of perpetration ranged from 11.0% to 43.4% across studies, with approximately one quarter (23.9%) of participants reporting violence. Prevalence of victimization was higher overall (30.9%), ranging from 17.0% to 56.6% across studies. Most violence (63.5%) was perpetrated in residential settings. The prevalence of violence-related physical injury was approximately 1 in 10 overall and 1 in 3 for those involved in violent incidents. There were strong associations between perpetration and victimization. CONCLUSIONS Results provided further evidence that adults with mental illnesses experienced violent outcomes at high rates, and that they were more likely to be victims than perpetrators of community violence. There is a critical need for public health interventions designed to reduce violence in this vulnerable population.
Residual Stresses Measured In Quenched HSLA-100 Steel Plate.

Residual stresses over the cross section of a 60.75 mm thick plate of HSLA-100 steel were measured using the contour method. HSLA-100 is a low carbon, copper precipitation hardened, High-Strength Low-Alloy steel used for naval ship hulls, armor, and containment vessels. The material was prepared by hot cross-rolling, Austenitizing at 900 C for 75 minutes and water quenching, and then tempering at 660 C for 200 minutes followed by another water quench. A cross-sectional map of residual stresses was measured using the contour method: (1) the specimen was carefully cut in two using wire electric discharge machining; (2) the contour of the cut surfaces were measured by using a Coordinate Measuring Machine; and (3) the residual stresses were determined from the measured contours using a 3-D elastic finite element (FE) model. The results showed a typical quenching stress distribution with peak compressive stress of about 165 MPa a few mm below the surface and tensile stress of 200 MPa in the center of the plate thickness. The stress magnitudes, at less than 30% of yield, are somewhat low for water-quenched steels, which is discussed. An FE analysis showed that edge effects in the measured stress map were shown to bemore » consistent with relaxation from removing the test specimen from a larger plate. « less
Image Based Location Estimation for Walking Out of Visual Impaired Person

A new and intelligent walking navigation system could be helpful for visually impaired people so that they do not need helpers or guide dogs on going out. Conventional navigation systems using GPS are not available indoors or undergrounds. A new location estimation method that is available in such situations is necessary. We propose to estimate pedestrian's location with only a single camera attached to the pedestrian. Our proposed method uses only computer vision and no other sensors are needed. The location estimation is achieved by image retrieval. The retrieval database is built from a pre-recorded video taken along a planned walking path. Simple image retrieval using local image features does not work well when the images were taken in different conditions of time and weather. In this paper, we especially explore robustness for the change of sunlight condition due to its recording time. We propose a new method of robust location estimation based on our database built by combining more than one video that is taken under different conditions. Experiment results showed that the accuracy of the location estimation using the proposed database is better than the one from a conventional database built by using a single video.
Predictors of Quality of Life and Symptom Severity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

ADHD is one of the most widely studied conditions in schoolage children, and a major reason for referral to health care services due to the multidimensional nature of the impairment experienced by patients with this disorder [1]. The prevalence of ADHD in the pediatric population is estimated to be 7% [2]. ADHD is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, with onset before age 12, which often continue into adolescence and adulthood, in one of three forms of clinical presentation: combined, predominantly inattentive, and predominantly hyperactive/impulsive (APA, 2013). According to expert opinion [3] and patients themselves [4] the most common functional impairments in ADHD are associated with neuropsychological performance (especially attention) [3] school performance and social functioning [3,4]. The presence of neuropsychological impairments in patients with ADHD relative to control subjects is corroborated by studies involving neuropsychological assessment, especially of the executive functions [5-7]. However, short-term memory is the only cognitive function to have shown a specific association with the severity of hyperactivity symptoms [8]. There is no consensus in the literature regarding the association between the clinical presentation of ADHD and specific patterns of cognitive impairment. Executive functioning profiles, for instance, have been found to vary widely between patients [9]. There is also a need for additional research into the association between symptom severity and neuropsychological performance in these populations.
Sequencing of Linkage Region on Chromosome 12p11 Identifies PKP2 as a Candidate Gene for Left Ventricular Mass in Dominican Families

Increased left ventricular mass (LVM) is an intermediate phenotype for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a predictor of stroke. Using families from the Dominican Republic, we have previously shown LVM to be heritable and found evidence for linkage to chromosome 12p11. Our current study aimed to further characterize the QTL by sequencing the 1 LOD unit down region in 10 families from the Dominican Republic with evidence for linkage to LVM. Within this region, we tested 5477 common variants [CVs; minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥5%] using the Quantitative Transmission-Disequilibrium Test (QTDT). Gene-based analyses were performed to test rare variants (RVs; MAF < 5%) in 181 genes using the family-based sequence kernel association test. A sample of 618 unrelated Dominicans from the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) and 12 Dominican families with Exome Array data were used for replication analyses. The most strongly associated CV with evidence for replication was rs1046116 (Discovery families P = 9.0 × 10−4; NOMAS P = 0.03; replication families P = 0.46), a missense variant in PKP2. In nonsynonymous RV analyses, PKP2 was one of the most strongly associated genes (P = 0.05) with suggestive evidence for replication in NOMAS (P = 0.05). PKP2 encodes the plakophilin 2 protein and is a desmosomal gene implicated in arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and recently in arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy, which makes PKP2 an excellent candidate gene for LVM. In conclusion, sequencing of our previously reported QTL identified common and rare variants within PKP2 to be associated with LVM. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the role these variants play in influencing LVM.