Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Redetermination of the extinction coe Y cient of camphor-10-sulfonic acid , a calibration standard for circular dichroism spectroscopy

Camphor-10-sulfonic acid (CSA)1 is routinely used for calibrating circular dichroism (CD) instruments. However, CSA is hygroscopic, so an accurate concentration can be obtained only by measuring its absorbance peak at 285nm. Hence, calibrations are highly dependent on having a correct value for the extinction coeYcient for this compound. Following an extensive search of the literature, the origins of the commonly accepted value for the molar extinction coeYcient for CSA of 34.5 M¡1 cm¡1 at 285 nm can be ascribed to Chen and Yang [1], who cited Lowry and French [2], although Lowry and French reported the value at 284 nm to be 35 M¡1 cm¡1, following measurements at 286 and 292 nm [3]. (There was actually no data point at the peak maximum.) The value of 34.52 M¡1 cm¡1 at 285nm is reported in instrument manuals without reference, usually quoted in the form of a 1 mg/ml solution producing an absorbance of 0.743 in a 5-mm cell (also see [4]). Recently, more stringent methods of standardizing the calibration of conventional and synchrotron radiation CD instruments have been developed [5]. Considering that CSA is the most widely used standard for calibration and cross-correlation for both types of CD instruments, we decided to re-examine the measurement of the extinction coeYcient of CSA, concentrating on reproducibility (error levels) and measurements at the actual peak maximum.
H‐Type hypertension, stroke and diabetes in China: Opportunities for primary prevention

1969年,McCully 首次发现同型半胱氨酸水平即使轻度升高也可加速动脉粥样硬化的发展,由此提出“同型半胱氨酸‐动脉粥样硬化学说”1。 接下来的一些前瞻性队列研究提出,同型半胱氨酸水平每降低3 µmol/L可以使脑卒中风险下降24%2。 然而,考察降低同型半胱氨酸治疗对脑卒中影响的一些随机、对照临床研究并未观察到明确的结果3。 需要注意的是,流行病学研究与临床试验存在诸多重要的不同之处。 一般队列研究多关注相对健康人群,而大多数临床研究入组的则是患有心脑血管疾病的受试者;此外,很多临床研究入组的是本身叶酸摄入较多或已经在食物中强化补充叶酸的人群3,因而缺乏足够的效能检测出补充叶酸的明显疗效。 因此,在血同型半胱氨酸水平升高且未经食物强化补充叶酸的人群中降低同型半胱氨酸是否可以获益目前尚不明确。 鉴别出可以显著受益于降低同型半胱氨酸治疗的人群不仅可以进一步解释疾病的发病机理,同时具有非常重要的临床和公共卫生价值。
Biographical Memoir of Ken Case

An overview of Case's life and professional accomplishments is presented. The topics include his early years and his time at Harvard, Los Alamos, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Universities of Rochester and Michigan, and the University of California–San Diego Institute for Nonlinear Studies, as well as his membership in Jason. The contributions from a number of his publications are described.
In vitro induction of IgE antibody to latex

IT has been reported that latex sensitization is often found in atopic patients (1). Another study has reported that in vivo stimulation of mice with latex antigen demonstrated enhanced levels of total IgE (2). I have studied the in vitro production of latex-specific IgE in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Mononuclear cells (MNC) from the peripheral blood of eight patients (12–42 years of age) with AD and latex allergy (LA) 15 patients with AD without LA (11–57 years of age), and 16 healthy controls (10–58 years of age) were cultured (2310/0.2 ml/well) with various stimulants, and latex-specific IgE and total IgE production was measured by CAPRAST and ELISA, respectively (3). LA was confirmed by clinical symptoms, serum latex-specific IgE, and positive skin prick test to latex antigen (kindly provided by Dr Akira Akasawa, Department of Allergy, National Children’s Hospital, Japan). A preliminary study indicated that MNC from patients with AD and LA cultured with IL-4 (1000 U/ml) plus antiCD40 mAb (0.1 mg/ml) for 14 days induced 0.6u0.2 ng/ml (n=4) of latex-specific IgE production without latex antigen. Of various cytokines (IL-1 to IL-18, TNF-a, IFN-c) tested, IL-10 (100 ng/ml) significantly enhanced latex-specific IgE production (1.0u0.3 ng/ml). Thus, MNC were first cultured with IL-4 plus antiCD40 mAb plus IL-10 and latex antigen for 5 days, washed, and then cultured with the stimulant without latex antigen for another 9 days. As shown in Fig. 1, the addition of latex antigen enhanced the latex-specific IgE production significantly (P,0.01) in a concentration-dependent fashion in patients with AD and LA. In contrast, no latexspecific IgE production (,0.3 ng/ml) was observed without latex antigen either in patients with AD having no LA or in controls. However, low but significant (P,0.01) latex-specific IgE production was observed with the addition of latex antigen in patients with AD, but not in controls. Total IgE production (ng/ml) was not affected by 0.1 ng/ml of latex antigen in all three groups. Taken together, these results indicate that the MNC of patients with AD and LA are already activated in vivo to produce latexspecific IgE, and they can be further stimulated in vitro by latex antigen. In contrast, in patients with AD having no LA, there was no in vivo activation, but their MNC can be stimulated to produce latexspecific IgE in vitro, indicating that AD may have the potency to be sensitized by latex. This may distinguish AD patients from controls whose MNC cannot be stimulated to produce latex-specific IgE in vitro.
Dynein efficiently navigates the dendritic cytoskeleton to drive the retrograde trafficking of BDNF/TrkB signaling endosomes

Optogenetic recruitment of dynein and kinesin motors to peroxisomes within hippocampal neurons demonstrates that dynein can more efficiently navigate the bipolar dendritic cytoskeleton. Dynein-driven transport is enhanced by dynamic microtubules in both axons and dendrites and efficiently translocates endogenous cargo from dendrites to soma.
Operation of PMSM after single open-phase fault

Recently, the reliability and safety of electrical drives became very important, especially in critical applications, such as in automotive, aerospace and military industry. For such systems, it is desirable to detect and identify different kind of faults and, if possible, to continue operating after the fault occurs. After single open-phase fault is detected and identified, it is desirable to continue operating with reduced power. In this paper, modified direct torque control method for post-fault operation of permanent magnet synchronous motor is presented, without the need of changing the topology of power converter. In order to avoid negative torque operation, pre-firing angle is also introduced. The proposed method has been simulated and tested in Matlab/Simulink.
A new compositional technique for hand posture recognition

A new compositional technique for hand posture recognition is described. Compositional methods are a powerful approach in image understanding. Most papers using this concept address image categorization problems. We recently propose a hand pose recognition method using the compositional approach. In this paper we present further development of our method and new results.
Spatially Adaptive Tensor Total Variation-Tikhonov Model for Depth Image Super Resolution

Depth images play an important role in 3-D applications. However, due to the limitation of depth acquisition equipment, the acquired depth images are usually in limited resolution. In this paper, a spatially adaptive tensor total variation-Tikhonov model is proposed to solve this problem. The tensor total variation regularization is adopted to maintain sharp edges that reflect latent discontinuities in the real world, while the Tikhonov regularization ensures that depth changes smoothly inside objects. Furthermore, a fused edge map is proposed to indicate edge regions and balance both regularization terms. In edge regions, tensor total variation regularization is predominant, thus edge blurring artifacts are suppressed. In non-edge regions, Tikhonov regularization plays a more important role to suppress staircasing artifacts. Specifically, texture edges are removed in the fused edge map, and texture copying artifacts are avoided. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed framework. Moreover, the proposed method yields much sharper edges and a lower percentage of bad pixels.
Independent Moving Object Detection Using a Colour Background Model

An independent moving objection detection system is described which uses a colour background model for a nonstationary sensor. Over time the RGB distribution of a static point in a scene, observed from a static or moving camera, is cylindrical rather than spherical and is modelled as such. The background model is recursively updated over time and is robustly aligned to the most recent frame. Discrepancies between the current observed frame and the background model are considered foreground events and are determined using a classification framework which combines per-pixel colour and brightness differences. In principle the colour (RGB) images provide greater discriminative power than greyscale (brightness). However for several sequences tested, which are of road scenes from an airborne sensor, it was found that the colour information did not improve the classification of foreground pixels significantly.
Patch esophagoplasty using AlloDerm as a tissue scaffold.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Anastomotic leak and stricture are common causes of morbidity after esophageal repair. The authors describe a technique of patch esophagoplasty using decellularized human skin. METHODS Twelve conditioned dogs underwent a cervical 2.0- x 1.0-cm esophagoplasty with AlloDerm. A gastrostomy tube was used for feedings until an esophagram was performed on the 10th to 14th postoperative day. Dogs were then given oral chow and followed up for leak and dysphagia. Animals were killed at 1-, 2-, and 3-month intervals and evaluated for stricture, diverticula formation, and patch histology. RESULTS All animals survived, and none had sepsis or dysphagia. All esophagrams were without evidence of leak or stricture. At death there were no strictures or diverticula. Histologic examination of 1-month specimens showed partial reepithelialization of the patch with neovascularization. Control staining of AlloDerm was strongly positive for elastin. This was decreased in the region of the patch at 1 month. Two-month specimens showed intact epithelium and an increase in the caliber of new blood vessels. Three-month specimens showed no significant variation from 2-month animals. CONCLUSION Decellularized human skin (AlloDerm) provides a temporary collagen framework on which esophageal healing can occur and function can be maintained.
Texture and color descriptors as a tool for context-aware patch-based image inpainting

State-of-the-art results in image inpainting are obtained with patch-based methods that fill in the missing region patch-by-patch by searching for similar patches in the known region and placing them at corresponding locations. In this paper, we introduce a context-aware patch-based inpainting method, where the context is represented by texture and color features of a block surrounding the patch to be filled in. We use this context to recognize other blocks in the image that have similar features and then we constrain the search for similar patches within them. Such an approach guides the search process towards less ambiguous matching candidates, while also speeding up the algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate benefits of the proposed context-aware approach, both in terms of inpainting quality and computation time.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression and other psychiatric disorders

Introduction. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a possible alternative to electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of selected patients with depression, bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of rTMS in mood disorders and schizophrenia. Methods. Studies were identified using MEDLINE (1966 to January 2000), EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (1980 to January 2000), Biological Abstracts and Index to Scientific and Technical Proceedings. A number of biomedical and TMS related websites were also searched. We estimated the number needed to treat to show beneficial effect of rTMS when compared with the placebo controlled group. Results. Seven controlled trials of rTMS depression were identified. Five of these were suitable for meta-analysis and show a beneficial effect of rTMS compared to placebo, with a number needed to treat of 2·3 with a 95% confidence interval 1·6 to 4·0, total; 81 patients. A single trial of rTMS has also been performed in mania, which shows a beneficial effect of right hemisphere stimulation when compared with left hemisphere stimulation. A controlled trial in schizophrenia failed to show any benefit of rTMS. Discussion. rTMS has demonstrable beneficial effects in depression. The extent and the duration of the anti-depressant effect of rTMS has yet to be defined. There now needs to be randomized controlled trials to compare rTMS directly with standardized electroconvulsive therapy in order to take this subject forward. With regard to the treatment of other mood disorders and schizophrenia, we are at an early stage in the assessment of further studies that are needed to examine any potential role for rTMS.
Caracterización y evaluación de las razas caprinas autóctonas españolas de orientación cárnica

Se han caracterizado tres razas caprinas espanolas, Blanca Andaluza, Blanca Celtiberica y Negra Serrana desde el punto de vista morfologico, faneroptico, morfoestructural, genetico y Para el estudio morfologico, faneroptico y morfoestructural se ha utilizado un total de 1.121 caprinos pertenecientes a 130 rebanos distribuidos por las Comunidades Autonomas de Andalucia y Castilla La Mancha, correspondiendo 436 a la raza Blanca Celtiberica, 390 a la raza Negra Serrana y 295 a la Blanca Andaluza. El grado de variabilidad de los caracteres cualitativos se estimo a partir del control de treinta y cinco caracteres morfologicos y faneropticos de cada animal. Los caracteres analizados corresponden a las regiones de la cabeza, tronco, mamas y extremidades, asi como a caracteres de indole faneroptica relativos tanto al color de la capa y piel como a los cuernos. Se ha analizado la variabilidad en las tres razas estimando las frecuencias relativas y absolutas de cada caracter por sexos y localizaciones geograficas, realizandose el estudio comparativo mediante pruebas ML-X2. El analisis mitocondrial de las razas caprinas objeto de caracterizacion en esta tesis presentan una estructura fileogeografica confusa, no correspondiendose la posicion de los individuos en el cluster con su origen o su localizacion geografica. De tal manera que las razas Blanca Serrana, Blanca Celtiberica y Negra Serrana, se intercalan tanto con las razas canarias como con las peninsulares, y, con relacion a estas ultimas, se mezclan tanto las del norte como las del sur.
Norm-Based Localized Generalization Error Model and its Derivation for Radial Basis Function Neural Networks

In pattern classification problems, the generalization error is often defined as the integral of a square function for the entire input space. In this paper, a new localized generalization error model is proposed for radial basis neural networks, which computes the generalization error within a neighborhood of the training samples based on a given norm. Compared with the traditional Mean Square Error term, it is constructed in a more universal perspective way and becomes simpler in calculation for multiple classification problems. Furthermore, the derivation formula of applying this model for Radial basis function neural network is obtained by using stochastic sensitivity measure.
SYVN1, an ERAD E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, Is Involved in GABAAα1 Degradation Associated with Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference

Abuse of methamphetamine (METH), a powerful addictive amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS), is becoming a global public health problem. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system plays a critical role in METH use disorders. By using rat METH conditioned place preference (CPP) model, we previously demonstrated that METH-associated rewarding memory formation was associated with the reduction of GABAAα1 expression in the dorsal straitum (Dstr), however, the underlying mechanism was unclear. In the present study, we found that METH-induced CPP formation was accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of Synovial apoptosis inhibitor 1 (SYVN1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) E3 ubiquitin ligase, in the Dstr. The siRNA knockdown of SYVN1 significantly increased GABAAα1 protein levels in both primary cultured neurons and rodent Dstr. Inhibition of proteasomal activity by MG132 and Lactacystin significantly increased GABAAα1 protein levels. We further found that SYVN1 knockdown increased GABAAα1 in the intra-ER, but not in the extra-ER. Accordingly, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) increased. Thus, this study revealed that SYVN1, as the ERAD E3 ubiquitin ligase, was associated with Dstr GABAAα1 degradation induced by METH conditioned pairing.
Ubiquitous grasp interfaces

Sensory hand augmentation extends the manual function spectrum from controlling analogue objects to digital or smart objects but also might add an interface to any graspable thing and therefore add a digital interface to everyday objects. We propose a finger-attached interface to control grasped objects intended to explore design parameters for always available interfaces. Our device detects finger motions and classifies them according to a set of five gestures. In user studies we found that our gesture classification has a stable performance with respect to different organic-shaped surfaces. Finally, the scalability of our approach towards generic object control will point out its potential.
Image processing in differential digital holography (DDH)

Sakupljanje prasine na CCS/CMOS senzorima može uzrokovati probleme u detektiranju defekata na promatranom objektu u nekim industrijskim implementacijama. Ovaj rad opisuje diferencijalnu digitalnu holografiju (DDH) i promatrani efekt ponistavanja negativnog utjecaja prasine na optickom senzoru.
Analyzing Semantic Concept Patterns to Detect Academic Plagiarism

Detecting academic plagiarism is a pressing problem, e.g., for educational and research institutions, funding agencies, and academic publishers. Existing plagiarism detection systems reliably identify copied text, or near copies of text, but often fail to detect disguised forms of academic plagiarism, such as paraphrases, translations, and idea plagiarism. We present Semantic Concept Pattern Analysis - an approach that performs an integrated analysis of semantic text relatedness and structural text similarity. Using 25 officially retracted academic plagiarism cases, we demonstrate that our approach can detect plagiarism that established text matching approaches would not identify. We view our approach as a promising addition to improve the detection capabilities for strong paraphrases. We plan to further improve Semantic Concept Pattern Analysis and include the approach as part of an integrated detection process that analyzes heterogeneous similarity features to better identify the many possible forms of plagiarism in academic documents.
Detection state refinement in FM multistatic passive radar

Target localisation in multi-static radar generally results in position errors larger than the standard deviation in range resolution. Frequency Modulation (FM) based passive radar is even more susceptible to large position errors due to the poor range accuracy inherited from the transmitted signal. This paper proposes a method for including Doppler measurements into the estimation procedure. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated through simulation, and compared to alternative localisation techniques. It was found that doing so increased localisation accuracy for most geometries in FM based passive radar.
Les artiodactyles (Cerf, chevreuil, sanglier...) en Gironde - Données 2007-2011 issues de l'Atlas des Mammifères sauvages d'Aquitaine

Representation du nombre d'especes d'artiodactyles par maille de 10 Km x 10 Km en Gironde. Ces donnees sont issues de l'Atlas des mammiferes sauvages d'Aquitaine et ont ete publiees dans le tome 2 en 2012 par Cistude Nature et la Ligue pour la Protection des Oiseaux d'Aquitaine.
Kathryn Smith

In an open-ended contingent valuation (CV) survey, a respondent can state any non-negative valuation for a given good. As the set of possible responses is infinite, the GibbardSatterthwaite theorem implies that such a survey cannot be incentive-compatible. That is, participants in an open-ended CV survey have an incentive to increase their utility by misrepresenting their preferences. This naturally raises the question of whether the misrepresentation predicted by theory occurs in practice. In order to answer this question we must be able to test CV surveys for the presence of strategic bias. There are two possible tests. Both are crucially dependent on correctly predicting how strategic behaviour alters agents’ responses. If our descriptions of strategic behaviour are incorrect we may fail to notice its presence. Although producing correct descriptions of strategic behaviour may seem trivial, existing models of strategic behaviour seem not to have incorporated important features of the CV process. In particular, existing models omit the ‘screening’ of responses to eliminate those which deemed too low or too high. They also neglect the fact that participation in a survey cannot be compelled. We present two models of the CV process, one which includes the screening and another that includes the participation decision. We find that incorporating screening alters the nature of strategic behaviour. In particular, it is no longer the case that strategic behaviour consists of responses that are simply ‘too low’ or ‘too high’. Rather, agents ‘cluster’ according to their type, and strategic bias affects both the mean and the variance of responses. We also find that there is reason to doubt the claim that CV surveys will induce universal participation.
Security of a new lightweight authentication and key agreement protocol for internet of things

The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of all kinds of sensors which collect much information. The privacy and anonymity in IoT is fundamental to the system and must be resolved. Sima proposed a protocol about lightweight authentication and key agreement and claimed to be secure and robust against all existing methods of attack. In this paper, the author points out the vulnerability of Sima's protocol and makes improvements to it which can resist the malicious attack.
FDK-type reconstruction algorithms for the reverse helical trajectory

For emergency cases in the interventional room, 3D long-object cone-beam(CB) imaging using a C-arm system could save valuable time and reduce risks to the patient by avoiding the traditionally-used CT scan, and thus could potentially be a crucial tool for patient health. To accomplish such a task, the reverse helix is an attractive trajectory, however theoretically-exact and stable (TES) reconstruction with a reverse helix is challenging. Two TES solutions are available, but both of them come with a heavy computational load and some issues in terms of image quality. This work proposes three new approximate reconstruction algorithms for the reverse helix that are stable and efficient, and thus practical. Though not exact, reconstruction results obtained from all three methods appear acceptable.
Brume sèche, brume de poussière, chasse-sable et tempête de sable

Depuis les grandes secheresses climatiques saheliennes, la hausse des frequences d’observation des types de temps associes au soulevement et au transport des poussieres et des sables, connus sous le nom de « lithometeores », a suscite un interet scientifique sans cesse croissant. Cette recrudescence, observee depuis 1973 dans tout le Sahel, ne devrait pas cependant nous faire oublier que les premieres etudes qui mentionnent ces types de temps remontent aux annees cinquante (Dubief, 1951) et que ces phenomenes representent une composante du climat regional, que les recentes secheresses ont exacerbe.