Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Longitudinal Study on Resting State Functional Connectivity in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are the most common types of early-onset dementia. We applied longitudinal resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to delineate functional brain connections relevant for disease progression and diagnostic accuracy. METHODS We used two-center resting state fMRI data of 20 AD patients (65.1±8.0 years), 12 bvFTD patients (64.7±5.4 years), and 22 control subjects (63.8±5.0 years) at baseline and 1.8-year follow-up. We used whole-network and voxel-based network-to-region analyses to study group differences in functional connectivity at baseline and follow-up, and longitudinal changes in connectivity within and between groups. RESULTS At baseline, connectivity between paracingulate gyrus and executive control network, between cuneal cortex and medial visual network, and between paracingulate gyrus and salience network was higher in AD compared with controls. These differences were also present after 1.8 years. At follow-up, connectivity between angular gyrus and right frontoparietal network, and between paracingulate gyrus and default mode network was lower in bvFTD compared with controls, and lower compared with AD between anterior cingulate gyrus and executive control network, and between lateral occipital cortex and medial visual network. Over time, connectivity decreased in AD between precuneus and right frontoparietal network and in bvFTD between inferior frontal gyrus and left frontoparietal network. Longitudinal changes in connectivity between supramarginal gyrus and right frontoparietal network differ between both patient groups and controls. CONCLUSION We found disease-specific brain regions with longitudinal connectivity changes. This suggests the potential of longitudinal resting state fMRI to delineate regions relevant for disease progression and for diagnostic accuracy, although no group differences in longitudinal changes in the direct comparison of AD and bvFTD were found.
Hypermutability of Hoxa13A and Functional Divergence from Its Paralog are Associated with the Origin of a Novel Developmental Feature in Zebrafish and Related Taxa (Cypriniformes)

Gene duplication is widely regarded as the predominant mechanism by which genes with new functions and associated phenotypic novelties arise. A whole genome duplication occurred shortly before the most recent common ancestor of teleosts, the most diverse chordate group, resulting in duplication and retention of many Hox cluster genes. Because they play a key role in determination of body plan morphology, it has been widely assumed that Hox genes play a key role in the evolution of diverse metazoan body plans. However, it is not clear whether certain aspects of molecular evolution, such as asymmetric divergence and neofunctionalization, contribute to the initial retention of paralogs. We investigate the molecular evolution and functional divergence of the duplicated HoxA13 paralogs in zebrafish to determine when asymmetric divergence and functional divergence occurred after the duplication event. Our findings demonstrate the contribution of gene duplication to the evolution of novel features through evolutionary mechanisms other than those traditionally investigated, such as positive selection occurring immediately after gene duplication. Rather, we find a latent build up of molecular changes in a gene associated with the development of a novel feature in a very diverse group of fishes.
The Effect of Reclaim Softener on Properties of Reclaimed Rubber

The reclaiming process of full tire rubber powder with no treatment was carried out with a torque rheometer. The effect of reclaim softener types and loads on reclaiming and the properties of the revulcanized reclaimed rubber were investigated. The sol fraction significantly increased and the crosslink density gradually decreased with the increase of reclaim softener loads, but the reclaimed rubber with wood tar reclaim softener had the lowest sol fraction and highest crosslink density at the same loads as other reclaim softeners. The types of reclaim softener had almost no influence on the types of scission, but the proportion of main-chain scission increased with the increase of reclaim softener loads. An improvement of processability was observed with the increase of reclaim softener, but it was accompanied by a decrease in tensile strength. Dynamic mechanical properties of the reclaimed rubber were also investigated. The uncured reclaimed rubbers loaded with reclaim softener showed much lower G′values and slightly higher tan δ values than the reclaimed rubber without reclaim softener and the cured reclaimed rubbers showed much lower G′values and slightly lower tan δ values than the blank.
TP53 mutated glioblastoma stem-like cell cultures are sensitive to dual mTORC1/2 inhibition while resistance in TP53 wild type cultures can be overcome by combined inhibition of mTORC1/2 and Bcl-2

Background Glioblastoma is the most malignant tumor of the central nervous system and still lacks effective treatment. This study explores mutational biomarkers of 11 drugs targeting either the RTK/Ras/PI3K, the p53 or the Rb pathway using 25 patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cell cultures (GSCs). Results We found that TP53 mutated GSCs were approximately 3.5 fold more sensitive to dual inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2) compared to wild type GSCs. We identified that Bcl-2(Thr56/Ser70) phosphorylation contributed to the resistance of TP53 wild type GSCs against dual mTORC1/2 inhibition. The Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-263 (navitoclax) increased sensitivity to the mTORC1/2 inhibitor AZD8055 in TP53 wild type GSCs, while sensitivity to AZD8055 in TP53 mutated GSCs remained unchanged. Conclusion Our data suggest that Bcl-2 confers resistance to mTORC1/2 inhibitors in TP53 wild type GSCs and that combined inhibition of both mTORC1/2 and Bcl-2 is worthwhile to explore further in TP53 wild type glioblastomas, whereas in TP53 mutated glioblastomas dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors should be explored.
A Spatial Data Infrastructure for Environmental Noise Data in Europe †

Access to high quality data is essential in order to better understand the environmental and health impact of noise in an increasingly urbanised world. This paper analyses how recent developments of spatial data infrastructures in Europe can significantly improve the utilization of data and streamline reporting on a pan-European scale. The Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE), and Environmental Noise Directive (END) described in this manuscript provide principles for data management that, once applied, would lead to a better understanding of the state of environmental noise. Furthermore, shared, harmonised and easily discoverable environmental spatial data, required by the INSPIRE, would also support the data collection needed for the assessment and development of strategic noise maps. Action plans designed by the EU Member States to reduce noise and mitigate related effects can be shared to the public through already established nodes of the European spatial data infrastructure. Finally, data flows regarding reporting on the state of environment and END implementation to the European level can benefit by applying a decentralised e-reporting service oriented infrastructure. This would allow reported data to be maintained, frequently updated and enable pooling of information from/to other relevant and interrelated domains such as air quality, transportation, human health, population, marine environment or biodiversity. We describe those processes and provide a use case in which noise data from two neighbouring European countries are mapped to common data specifications, defined by INSPIRE, thus ensuring interoperability and harmonisation.
Three molecular pathways model colorectal carcinogenesis in Lynch syndrome

Lynch syndrome is caused by germline mutations of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. MMR deficiency has long been regarded as a secondary event in the pathogenesis of Lynch syndrome colorectal cancers. Recently, this concept has been challenged by the discovery of MMR‐deficient crypt foci in the normal mucosa. We aimed to reconstruct colorectal carcinogenesis in Lynch syndrome by collecting molecular and histology evidence from Lynch syndrome adenomas and carcinomas. We determined the frequency of MMR deficiency in adenomas from Lynch syndrome mutation carriers by immunohistochemistry and by systematic literature analysis. To trace back the pathways of pathogenesis, histological growth patterns and mutational signatures were analyzed in Lynch syndrome colorectal cancers. Literature and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated MMR deficiency in 491 (76.7%) out of 640 adenomas (95% CI: 73.3% to 79.8%) from Lynch syndrome mutation carriers. Histologically normal MMR‐deficient crypts were found directly adjacent to dysplastic adenoma tissue, proving their role as tumor precursors in Lynch syndrome. Accordingly, mutation signature analysis in Lynch colorectal cancers revealed that KRAS and APC mutations commonly occur after the onset of MMR deficiency. Tumors lacking evidence of polypous growth frequently presented with CTNNB1 and TP53 mutations. Our findings demonstrate that Lynch syndrome colorectal cancers can develop through three pathways, with MMR deficiency commonly representing an early and possibly initiating event. This underlines that targeting MMR‐deficient cells by chemoprevention or vaccines against MMR deficiency‐induced frameshift peptide neoantigens holds promise for tumor prevention in Lynch syndrome.
Analogous mechanism regulating formation of neocortical basal radial glia and cerebellar Bergmann glia

Neocortical basal radial glia (bRG) and cerebellar Bergmann glia (BG) are basal progenitors derived from ventricular apical radial glia (aRG) that selectively lose their apical processes. bRG and BG have been implicated in the expansion and folding of the cerebrum and cerebellum, respectively. Here, we analyzed the molecular characteristics and development of bRG and BG. Transcriptomic comparison revealed striking similarity of the molecular features of bRG and BG. We found that heightened ERK signaling activity in aRG is tightly linked to the temporal formation and the relative abundance of bRG in human and mouse cortices. Forced activation of an FGF-ERK-ETV axis that is crucial to BG induction specifically induced bRG with canonical human bRG features in mice. Therefore, our data point to a common mechanism of bRG and BG generation, bearing implications to the role for these basal progenitors in the evolution of cortical folding of the cerebrum and cerebellum. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.23253. 001
Optimal Power Splitting for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer in Amplify-and-Forward Multiple-Relay Systems

In this paper, we investigate simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) amplify-and-forward relay systems, in which multiple relay nodes support communication between a source node and a destination node. Relay node transceivers are equipped with radio frequency energy harvesters for a power source to retransmit the signals from the source to the destination node. Both the power splitting (PS) ratio and adaptive power control are jointly optimized for SWIPT multiple-relay systems. We prove that the optimal power allocation strategy in our joint solution is to fully use the harvested power, which is contrary to conventional non-SWIPT multiple-relay systems. Based on this result, we propose an optimal centralized PS scheme and suboptimal distributed PS methods. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes outperform the naive PS schemes in terms of the average rate and the bit-error rate.
Scarce Feature Topic Mining for Video Recommendation

Recommendation for user generated content sites has gained significant attention nowadays. To satisfy the niche tastes of users, product recommendation poses more challenges due to the data sparsity issue. This work is motivated by a real world online video recommendation problem, where the click records database suffers from sparseness of video inventory and video tags. Targeting the long tail phenomena of user behavior and sparsity of item features, we propose a personalized compound recommendation framework for online video recommendation called Dirichlet mixture probit model for information scarcity (DPIS). Assuming that each record is generated from a representation of user preferences, DPIS is a probit classifier utilizing record topical clustering on the user part for recommendation. As demonstrated by the real-world application, the proposed DPIS achieves better performance than traditional methods.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles modified with PCL–PEG–PCL for controlled delivery of 5FU

We, the Editors and Publisher of the journal Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, have retracted the following article: Nahideh Asadi, Nasim Annabi, Ebrahim Mostafavi, Maryam Anzabi, Rovshan Khalilov, Siamak Saghfi, Masoud Mehrizadeh & Abolfazl Akbarzadeh (2018) Synthesis, characterization and in vitro evaluation of magnetic nanoparticles modified with PCL–PEG–PCL for controlled delivery of 5FU. Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 46(sup1), 938–945, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2018. 1439839 Since publication, a reader alerted the Publisher that Figures 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8 had been previously published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology and other journals, specifically: Figures 2, 3, 6 and 8 appear to have been duplicated with Figures 3A, 12A, 8 and 11, respectively, from Akbarzadeh et al., 2012 (https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S24326). Figures 3 and 6 appear to have been duplicated with Figures 9A and 7, respectively, from Akbarzadeh et al., 2012 (https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S24328). Figures 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 appear to have been duplicated with Figures 7B, 6, 6B, 11 and 9, respectively, from Jahangiri & Akbarzadeh, 2015. (https://doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2015.1090443). Figure 8 appears to have been duplicated with Figure 6 from Ebrahimi et al., 2014 (https://doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2014.944646). Figure 8 appears to have been duplicated with Figure 7 from Ebrahimi et al., 2014 (https://doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2014.968822). All the articles that had previously published these images shared at least one author in common with this published article. The reused images were described as originating from a new study with no reference to the previous study. We contacted the corresponding author and last author, and they acknowledged the similarities in the data published. As this error directly impacts the reported results and conclusions, the Editor and Publisher have agreed to retract the article to ensure correction of the scholarly record. The corresponding author has been informed. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’.
Total Ionizing Dose Hardened and Mitigation Strategies in Deep Submicrometer CMOS and Beyond

From man-made satellites and interplanetary missions to fusion power plants, electronic equipment that needs to withstand various forms of irradiation is an essential part of their operation. Examination of total ionizing dose (TID) effects in electronic equipment can provide a thorough means to predict their reliability in conditions where ionizing dose becomes a serious hazard. In this paper, we provide a historical overview of logic and memory technologies that made the biggest impact both in terms of their competitive characteristics and their intrinsically hardened nature against TID. Further to this, we also provide guidelines for hardened device designs and present the cases where hardened alternatives have been implemented and tested in the lab. The technologies that we examine range from silicon-on-insulator and FinFET to 2-D semiconductor transistors and resistive random access memory.
Implications of Albumin Leakage for Survival in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A 7‐year Observational Study

Albumin leakage during hemodialysis (HD) presents a clinical dilemma. However, protein‐binding uremic toxins are suggested to be responsible for increased mortality. No one has investigated the relationship between albumin leakage and mortality. Therefore, the purpose of this observational study was to analyze the association of albumin leakage with mortality in 690 HD patients who survived one year after enrollment. They were divided to three groups who received HD with large (3 g or more per HD session), middle (1 to 3 g) or small (less than 1 g) amount of albumin leakage, respectively. A propensity score analysis minimizing indication bias was performed. Consequently, in a 7‐year observation period, 212 patients died. Albumin leakage 3 g or more per HD session provided better prognosis than albumin leakage less than 3 g per HD session. In conclusion, clinically acceptable large albumin leakage provides beneficial effects on mortality in maintenance HD patients.
Surface Modification of Micro/Nano-Fabricated Filters

Polymeric Micro-Fabricated Filters Have Excellent Sieving Properties. Their Identical Properties such as High Surface Porosity and Perfectly Patterned Pore Structure, which Is Combined with Mechanical Strength Make them Ideal for many Applications such as Microorganism Removal, Blood Filtration and Protein Purification. To Improve the Performance of the Micro-Fabricated Filters, we Employed Oxygen Plasma Treatment to Increase the Surface Hydrophilicity and Reduce the Membrane Fouling during Microfiltration. Hydrophilization and Integrity of the Surfaces Were Analyzed by Contact Angle Measurements and Topographic Imaging with an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). Treatment of Polymeric Membranes with Oxygen Plasma Led to a Stable Hydrophilization and an Increased Surface Roughness. The Filtration Properties of the Modified and Unmodified Membranes Were Examined Using Clay Particles. A Significant Increase in Total Collected Volume of Filtrate Was Observed for the Treated Membranes during Filtration of Simulated Drinking Water Samples Using Clay Suspension.
Comment on Justin E. Pye and Connie B. Roth, J. Polym. Sci., Part B Polym.Phys. 2015, 53, 64-75

Two transitions were found by ellipsometry in freestanding high molecular weight PS films by Pye and Roth (PR). PR suggested that the upper and the lower transitions both came from the segmental a-relaxation, and the upper transition occurs in 90% of the material. In this paper we use dielectric relaxation data of freestanding films to rule out their suggestion. Furthermore, we demonstrate by experimental evidences that the sub-Rouse modes are coupled to density, and respond to physical aging to validate our interpretation and can explain the upper transition.
LNA and mixer trade-offs across 1 . 5 GHz , 2 . 4 GHz and 3 . 2 GHz bands and CMOS and SiGe processes

LNAs and mixers are designed for various processes using a synthesis tool (NeoCircuit). RF design considerations such as impedance matching guided the selection of a LNA and mixer topology that could be simultaneously used for 1.5 GHz, 2.4 GHz and 3.2 GHz bands. The sample processes include TSMC 0.18, 0.25, 0.35 μm, SiGe5HP and SiGe6HP. A total of 30 viable RF circuits are designed. A new technique named Local Power Distribution S-parameter (LPDS) is developed for faster IIP3 evaluation. RF front end design trade-offs such as power, noise, IIP3 and their trends across increasing RF frequency bands and evolving process feature size shrinks are identified, and can be used by wireless system architects to identify directions for future wireless front end circuit research. Table of
What Drives Anomaly Returns?

We provide novel evidence on which theories best explain stock return anomalies. Our estimates reveal whether anomaly returns arise from variation in the underlying firms' cash flows or their discount rates. For each of five well-known anomalies, we find that cash flow shocks explain more variation in anomaly returns than discount rate shocks. The cash flow and discount rate components of each anomaly's returns are negatively correlated. Most correlations between anomaly and market return components are small. Our evidence is inconsistent with theories of time-varying risk aversion and theories of common shocks to investor sentiment. It is most consistent with theories in which investors overextrapolate firm-specific cash flow news and those in which firm risk increases following negative cash flow news.
The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: Associations of miRNAs with dysregulated gene expression in colorectal cancer

The PI3K/AKT‐signaling pathway is one of the most frequently activated signal‐transduction pathways in cancer. We examined how dysregulated gene expression is associated with miRNA expression in this pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC). We used data from 217 CRC cases to evaluate differential pathway gene expression between paired carcinoma and normal mucosa and identify miRNAs that are associated with these genes. Gene expression data from RNA‐Seq and miRNA expression data from Agilent Human miRNA Microarray V19.0 were analyzed. We focused on genes most associated with CRC (fold change (FC) of >1.5 or <0.67) that were statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Of the 304 genes evaluated, 76 had a FC of <0.67, and 57 had a FC of >1.50; 47 of these genes were associated with miRNA differential expression. There were 145 mRNA:miRNA seed‐region matches of which 26 were inversely associated suggesting a greater likelihood of a direct association. Most miRNA:mRNA associations were with factors that stimulated the pathway. For instance, both IL6R and PDGFRA had inverse seed‐region matches with seven miRNAs, suggesting that these miRNAs have a direct effect on these genes and may be key elements in activation of the pathway. Other miRNA:mRNA associations with similar impact on the pathway were miR‐203a with ITGA4, miR‐6071 with ITGAV, and miR‐375 with THBS2, all genes involved in extracellular matrix function that activate PI3Ks. Gene expression in the PI3K/Akt‐signaling pathway is dysregulated in CRC. MiRNAs were associated with many of these dysregulated genes either directly or in an indirect manner.
Mouse Sirt3 promotes autophagy in AngII-induced myocardial hypertrophy through the deacetylation of FoxO1

Sirt3, a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, is the only member proven to promote longevity in mammalian Sirtuin family. The processed short form of Sirt3 has been demonstrated to target many mediators of energy metabolism and mitochondrial stress adaptive program. Autophagy serves as a dynamic recycling mechanism and provides energy or metabolic substrates. Among the mechanisms triggered by cardiac stress, opinions vary as to whether autophagy is a protective or detrimental response. Here, by inducing the Sirt3-knockout mice to myocardial hypertrophy with chronic angiotensin II infusion for four weeks, we determined the role of Sirt3 in myocardial hypertrophy and autophagy. In this study, the Sirt3-knockout mice developed deteriorated cardiac function and impaired autophagy compared to wild-type mice. What's more, the overexpression of Sirt3 by lentivirus transfection attenuated cardiomyocytes hypertrophy by promoting autophagy. We further demonstrated that Sirt3 could bind to FoxO1 and activate its deacetylation. Sequentially, deacetylated FoxO1 translocates to the nucleus where it facilitates downstream E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Muscle RING Finger 1 (MuRF1) and muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx, Atrogin1). Altogether, these results revealed that Sirt3 activation is essential to improve autophagy flux by reducing the acetylation modification on FoxO1, which in turn alleviates myocardial hypertrophy.