Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imposing coarse-grained reconfiguration to general purpose processors

Mobile devices execute applications with diverse compute and performance demands. This paper proposes a general purpose processor that adapts the underlying hardware to a given workload. Existing mobile processors need to utilize more complex heterogeneous substrates to deliver the demanded performance. They incorporate different cores and specialized accelerators. On the contrary, our processor utilizes only modest homogeneous cores and dynamically provides an execution substrate suitable to accelerate a particular workload. Instead of incorporating accelerators, the processor reconfigures one or more cores into accelerators on-the-fly. It improves performance with minimal hardware additions. The accelerators are made of general purpose ALUs reconfigured into a compute fabric and the general purpose pipeline that streams data through the fabric. To enable reconfiguration of ALUs into the fabric, the floorplan of a 4-core processor is changed to place the ALUs in close proximity on the chip. A configurable switched network is added to couple and dynamically reconfigure the ALUs to perform computation of frequently repeated regions, instead of executing general purpose instructions. Through this reconfiguration, the mobile processor specializes its substrate for a given workload and maximizes performance of the existing resources. Our results show that reconfiguration accelerates a set of selected compute intensive workloads by 1.56×, 2,39×, 3,51×, when configuring the accelerator of 1-, 2-, or 4- cores respectively.
Analysis of Cross-Reactive Antibodies Recognizing the Fusion Loop of Envelope Protein and Correlation with Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Nicaraguan Dengue Cases

Dengue virus (DENV) is the leading cause of arboviral diseases in humans worldwide. The envelope (E) protein of DENV is the major target of neutralizing antibodies (Abs). Previous studies have shown that a significant proportion of anti-E Abs in human serum after DENV infection recognize the highly conserved fusion loop (FL) of E protein. The role of anti-FL Abs in protection against subsequent DENV infection versus pathogenesis remains unclear. A human anti-E monoclonal Ab was used as a standard in a virion-capture ELISA to measure the concentration of anti-E Abs, [anti-E Abs], in dengue-immune sera from Nicaraguan patients collected 3, 6, 12 and 18 months post-infection. The proportion of anti-FL Abs was determined by capture ELISA using virus-like particles containing mutations in FL, and the concentration of anti-FL Abs, [anti-FL Abs], was calculated. Neutralization titers (NT50) were determined using a previously described flow cytometry-based assay. Analysis of sequential samples from 10 dengue patients revealed [anti-E Abs] and [anti-FL Abs] were higher in secondary than in primary DENV infections. While [anti-FL Abs] did not correlate with NT50 against the current infecting serotype, it correlated with NT50 against the serotypes to which patients had likely not yet been exposed (“non-exposed” serotypes) in 14 secondary DENV3 and 15 secondary DENV2 cases. These findings demonstrate the kinetics of anti-FL Abs and provide evidence that anti-FL Abs play a protective role against “non-exposed” serotypes after secondary DENV infection.
Pollinator Interactions with Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) across Urban, Agricultural, and Natural Landscapes

Pollinator-plant relationships are found to be particularly vulnerable to land use change. Yet despite extensive research in agricultural and natural systems, less attention has focused on these interactions in neighboring urban areas and its impact on pollination services. We investigated pollinator-plant interactions in a peri-urban landscape on the outskirts of the San Francisco Bay Area, California, where urban, agricultural, and natural land use types interface. We made standardized observations of floral visitation and measured seed set of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis), a common grassland invasive, to test the hypotheses that increasing urbanization decreases 1) rates of bee visitation, 2) viable seed set, and 3) the efficiency of pollination (relationship between bee visitation and seed set). We unexpectedly found that bee visitation was highest in urban and agricultural land use contexts, but in contrast, seed set rates in these human-altered landscapes were lower than in natural sites. An explanation for the discrepancy between floral visitation and seed set is that higher plant diversity in urban and agricultural areas, as a result of more introduced species, decreases pollinator efficiency. If these patterns are consistent across other plant species, the novel plant communities created in these managed landscapes and the generalist bee species that are favored by human-altered environments will reduce pollination services.
Application of Transfer Regression to TCP Throughput Prediction

In this paper we present the application of the Transform Regression (TR) algorithm to predict file transfer time. We consider the files that are transferred from Web servers using HTTP protocol. We identify parameters having impact on file transfer time and use them as inputs to transform regression. We compare the results of TR-based prediction with the moving averages methods.
A Rare Hyperextension Injury in Thoracic Spine Presenting with Delayed Paraplegia

Hyperextension injury in the thoracic spine is uncommon with only a few cases documented in the literature. The mechanism of these injuries is hyperextension combined with axial or shearing force. These types of injuries are associated with a high risk of dural tears and paraplegia. A 91-year-old female presented with acute back pain from a hyperextension injury in thoracic spine with no neurological deficit. Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging showed a intervertebral disc rupture. On day 20 of hospitalization, the herniated intervertebral disc compressed the spinal cord with incomplete paraplegia. Hyperextension injuries involving the three columns are very unstable and we recommend surgical treatment as soon as possible, not only because of the initial trauma, but a ruptured disc herniation can damage the spinal cord.
Smart Search Tools Using Named Entity Recognition

Nowadays, one sub field of Information Extraction (IE) and Named Entity Recognition (NER) becomes more important. It is essential to recognize information units like the phrases and digital numbers. Identifying references to these entities in text was recognized as one of the important sub-tasks of IE and was called "NER and Classification ". In this paper, we propose a (NER) technique, which uses text classification methods for annotating the phrases and digital numbers to develop the query to be searched in the index. We also investigate which exploits the duality between set of the phrases and digital numbers to grow the target relation, assign the high scores, a passage extraction and ranking component. The overall architecture applied during development is described. To test our technique we use it to extract a relation of the phrases and digits pairs from the Web.
Ultrafast Error Correction Codes for Double Error Detection/Correction

Register protection against soft errors remains a major concern for deep sub-micron systems due to technology scaling. Error Correction Codes (ECCs) improve protection at the price of data redundancy. Reducing such redundancy is of upmost importance for memories, although it is less important in registers. A major requirement for register protection is to keep codes' encoding and decoding latencies as short as possible. Ultrafast Single Error Correction codes are an interesting option for this purpose. They allow very low encoding/decoding delays, but at the cost of a high redundancy. This paper proposes a new method to develop Ultrafast codes, adding new error coverages. Different Ultrafast codes have been designed, simulated and compared to other codes. Using Ultrafast codes, double error detection or, alternatively, double adjacent error correction can be achieved using 2-gate-delay encoding and 4-gate-delay decoding circuits. One of the major advantages of Ultrafast codes is that these delays do not depend on the register length.
The Effects of Year-Round Schools on the Hospitality Industry's Seasonal Labor Force in the State of Tennessee

Abstract The hospitality industry in Tennessee employs 181,300 people as seasonal workers; fifty-three percent of those workers come from the school system. The loss of seasonal workers with the implementation of year-round schools will drastically increase the current labor shortage. An alternative labor pool needs to be identified and the issue of year-round schools must be addressed.
Variations in population health status: results from a United Kingdom national questionnaire survey

Abstract Objective: To measure the health of a representative sample of the population of the United Kingdom by using the EuroQoL EQ-5D questionnaire. Design: Stratified random sample representative of the general population aged 18 and over and living in the community. Setting: United Kingdom. Subjects: 3395 people resident in the United Kingdom. Main outcome measures: Average values for mobility, self care, usual activities, pain or discomfort, and anxiety or depression. Results: One in three respondents reported problems with pain or discomfort. There were differences in the perception of health according to the respondent's age, social class, education, housing tenure, economic position, and smoking behaviour. Conclusions: The EQ-5D questionnaire is a practical way of measuring the health of a population and of detecting differences in subgroups of the population. Key messages Measurement of health outcome requires the observation of states of health Patients' involvement in recording and assessing their own state of health is a major element in the process of evaluating the impact of health care The EuroQoL EQ-5D questionnaire highlights variations in states of health which are consistent with previously published results High degrees of pain are reported in the general population. A category for pain is absent and thus undetected in the survey of disability by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys
Unitary Differential Space–Time Modulation With Joint Modulation

We develop two new designs of unitary differential space-time modulation (DSTM) with a low decoding complexity. Their decoder can be separated into a few parallel decoders, each of which having a decoding search space of less than radicN if the DSTM codebook contains N codewords. Both designs are based on the concept of joint modulation, which means that several information symbols are jointly modulated, unlike the conventional symbol-by-symbol modulation. The first design is based on an orthogonal space-time block code (O-STBC) with joint constellation constructed from spherical codes. The second design is based on a quasi-orthogonal STBC (QO-STBC) with specially designed pairwise constellation sets. Both the proposed unitary DSTM schemes have a considerably lower decoding complexity than many prior DSTM schemes, including those based on group codes and Symplectic group Sp(2), which generally have a decoding search space of N for a codebook size of N codewords and a much better decoding performance than the existing O-STBC DSTM scheme. Between the two designs, the proposed DSTM based on the O-STBC generally has a better decoding performance, whereas the proposed DSTM based on the QO-STBC has a lower decoding complexity for eight transmit antennas.
Ontologies , semantic web and intelligent systems for genomics

‘Ontologies, the semantic web and intelligent systems for genomics’ is the first project of its kind in Canada to focus on bringing semantic web technology to genomics. Ontology, multi-agent systems, machine learning and natural language processing are used to build tailored knowledge base and semantic systems of direct use to the scientific discovery process. Major challenges of the post genomic era, namely data integration and knowledge retrieval are addressed.
An Automatic Multiple TBoxes Mapping Strategy

In the practical application of the Semantic Web, knowledge bases play a vital role. However, single and dispersed knowledge bases hamper the development of the Semantic Web. An automatic multiple TBoxes mapping strategy is proposed in order to integrate knowledge bases in this paper. First the minimal concepts set of TBox of knowledge bases is introduced, and then the mapping strategy based on RiMOM is improved and the automatic mapping algorithm of multiple TBoxes is designed. Finally the complexity of the automatic mapping algorithm is analyzed with an application example.
Renegotiation-Proof Equilibria: Collective Rationality and Intertemporal Cooperation

Cooperation in repeated games relies on the possibility that equilibrium play following some t-period history depends on more than simply the structure of the game remaining after the first t periods, that structure being always the same. In a nondegenerate theory of renegotiation, what a player expects, and the statements he finds credible at the end of period t must be affected by the history that has transpired, and perhaps by the implicit agreement that was in force. The solution concept proposed in this paper acknowledges both these influences, while imposing a certain stationarity on beliefs regarding what renegotiation options are available: renegotiation to an equilibrium sigma will not take place if, after some history h, the continuation equilibrium sigma given h is itself vulnerable to renegotiation to sigma (in the sense that all players prefer sigma to sigma given h).
Image Analysis Applications of Morphological Operators based on Uninorms

This paper presents a continuation of the study on a mathematical morphology based on left-continuous conjunctive uni- norms given in (1). Experimental results are displayed using the mor- phological Top-Hat transformation, used to highlight certain compo- nents of the image, and on the reduction and elimination of noise using alternate filters that are generated with the operators of open- ing and closing associated with these morphological operators Keywords— Mathematical morphology, Top-Hat, alternate filters, uninorms, representable uninorms, idempotent uninorm.
Benchmarking Lightweight Techniques to Link E-Mails and Source Code

During the evolution of a software system, a large amount of information, which is not always directly related to the source code, is produced. Several researchers have provided evidence that the contents of mailing lists represent a valuable source of information: Through e-mails, developers discuss design decisions, ideas, known problems and bugs, etc. which are otherwise not to be found in the system.A technical challenge in this context is how to establish the missing link between free-form e-mails and the system artifacts they refer to. Although the range of approaches is vast, establishing their accuracy remains a problem, as there is no benchmark against which to compare their performance.To overcome this issue, we manually inspected a statistically significant number of e-mails pertaining to the ArgoUML system. Based on this benchmark, we present a variety of lightweight techniques to assign e-mails to software artifacts and measure their effectiveness in terms of precision and recall.
A Fast Inter-Kernel Communication and Synchronization layer for MetalSVM

In this paper, we present the basic concepts for fast inter-kernel communication and synchronization layer motivated by the realization of a SCC-related shared virtual memory management system, called MetalSVM. This scalable memory management system is implemented in terms of a bare-metal hypervisor, located within a virtualization layer between the SCC’s hardware and actual operating system. In this context, we explore the impact of the mesh interconnect to low level synchronization. We introduce new scaling synchronization routines based on SCC’s hardware synchronization support targeting improvements of the usability of the shared memory programming model and present first performance results. Keywords—Inter-kernel Communication, Low-level Synchronization, Shared Virtual Memory
The Influence of Spreading Activation on Memory Retrieval in Sequential Diagnostic Reasoning

A crucial aspect of diagnostic reasoning is the integration of sequentially incoming information into a consistent mental representation. While research stresses the importance of working memory in such a task, it is not clear how the information represented in working memory can guide the retrieval of associated information from longterm memory. Factors that might influence this retrieval are the amount of information currently in the focus of attention (Lovett, Daily & Reder, 2000) and the time since the information first became available (Wang, Johnson & Zhang, 2006). By comparing the results of different ACT-R models to human data from a sequential diagnostic reasoning task, we show that these factors do not necessarily influence the retrieval. Our findings rather suggest that in a task where information has to be actively maintained in working memory, each piece of this information has the same potential to activate associated knowledge from long-term memory, independent from the amount of information and the time since it entered working memory.
On the possibility of mitigating content pollution in Content-Centric Networking

Content-Centric Networking is an architecture proposal for the future Internet that brings fundamental changes in the way the network operates. Contents are identified and requested based on their names and for security reasons they must be digitally signed by their publishers. Even though this new architecture was designed to be safe, one potential security threat is that malicious publishers may create polluted versions of legitimate contents, reducing their availability and degrading network resources. Because of the non-negligible overhead of checking a large number of signatures, it is not feasible to make it a mandatory task for every router, especially in the network core. In this paper, we propose CCNCheck: a mechanism in which CCN routers probabilistically check the content signatures. We evaluate the mechanism against simulations and found evidences that using CCNCheck increases the fraction of recovered contents and decreases the wastage of network resources.
The Enterprising University: Reform, Excellence and Equity

Part One: The Big Picture - An honest living or dumbing down? - The E factors and organization cultures in British universities - Facing the future in the USA: faculty work, student learning and fundamental reform - Balancing excellence, equity and enterprise in a less-industrialized country: the case of South Africa - Enterprise culture, equity and gendered change in commonwealth higher education - Part Two: Organizational changes - Challenges of growing research at new and emerging higher education institutions - Achieving excellence: changing paradigms, cultures, entrepreneurship and the role of continuing professional development in science and engineering - Corporate universities: between higher education and the workplace - Corporate and conventional universities: competition or collaboration? - Part Three: Enterprise in universities and colleges - Integrated income generation: the Durham model - Academics as entrepreneurs in a UK university - The marketing orientation in higher education: perspectives of academics about its impact on their role - Part Four: Enterprise in the curriculum - Undergraduates' work experience and equitable access to the labour market - Entrepreneurship: a mega trend for nations, enterprises and universities - References - Index.
Propensity Analysis of Long-Term Survival After Surgical or Percutaneous Revascularization in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease and High-Risk Features

Background—Although most randomized clinical trials have suggested that long-term survival rates after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or surgical multivessel coronary revascularization (CABG) are equivalent, some post hoc analyses in high-risk groups and adjustment for severity of coronary disease have suggested higher mortality after PCI. Methods and Results—We studied 6033 consecutive patients who underwent revascularization in the late 1990s. PCI was performed in 872 patients; 5161 underwent CABG. Half the patients had significant left ventricular dysfunction or diabetes. Propensity analysis to predict the probability of undergoing PCI according to 22 variables and their interactions was used. The C-statistic for this model was 0.90, indicating excellent discrimination between treatments. There were 931 deaths during 5 years of follow-up. The 1- and 5-year unadjusted mortality rates were 5% and 16% for PCI and 4% and 14% for CABG (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.4; P =0.07). PCI was associated with an increased risk of death (propensity-adjusted hazard ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.9 to 2.9; P <0.0001). This difference was observed across all categories of propensity for PCI and in patients with diabetes or left ventricular dysfunction. Other independent predictors of mortality (P ≤0.01 for all) were renal dysfunction, age, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, peripheral vascular disease, left main trunk stenosis, and extent of coronary disease (Duke angiographic score). Conclusions—In patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and many high-risk characteristics, CABG was associated with better survival than PCI after adjustment for risk profile.
Asynchronous Complex Analytics in a Distributed Dataflow Architecture

Scalable distributed dataflow systems have recently experienced widespread adoption, with commodity dataflow engines such as Hadoop and Spark, and even commodity SQL engines routinely supporting increasingly sophisticated analytics tasks (e.g., support vector machines, logistic regression, collaborative filtering). However, these systems' synchronous (often Bulk Synchronous Parallel) dataflow execution model is at odds with an increasingly important trend in the machine learning community: the use of asynchrony via shared, mutable state (i.e., data races) in convex programming tasks, which has---in a single-node context---delivered noteworthy empirical performance gains and inspired new research into asynchronous algorithms. In this work, we attempt to bridge this gap by evaluating the use of lightweight, asynchronous state transfer within a commodity dataflow engine. Specifically, we investigate the use of asynchronous sideways information passing (ASIP) that presents single-stage parallel iterators with a Volcano-like intra-operator iterator that can be used for asynchronous information passing. We port two synchronous convex programming algorithms, stochastic gradient descent and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), to use ASIPs. We evaluate an implementation of ASIPs within on Apache Spark that exhibits considerable speedups as well as a rich set of performance trade-offs in the use of these asynchronous algorithms.
MOSFET-controlled emission from nanoscale silicon field emitters

This publication presents a novel combination of nanoscale silicon field emitters fabricated by Focused Ion Beam implant, subsequent etching and integrated extractor to carry MOSFET-controlled behavior required for future lithography applications. A control range of 2 decades is presented with up to 10 nA of emitted current per array at extraction voltages as low as 10 V. A special focus was put on leakage currents to assure the measured data are really from emission. It is also shown that MOSFETs can not only be used to limit fluctuations but also adjust the emission level though still limiting the fluctuations to a minimum.