Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing and following adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in the genomic age

The diagnosis and follow‐up process of adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is challenging to clinicians and laboratory staff alike. While several sets of recommendations have been published over the years, the development of high throughput screening and characterization for both genetic and epigenetic events have evolved with astonishing speed. Here we attempt to provide a practical guide to diagnose and follow adult AML patients with a focus on how to balance the wealth of information on the one hand, with the restriction put on these processes in terms of time, feasibility and economy when caring for these patients, on the other.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of High-Dose Vitamin D 2 Followed by Intranasal Insulin in Alzheimer ’ s Disease

Poor vitamin D nutrition is linked with dementia, but vitamin D has not been tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nasal insulin acutely improves cognition and vitamin D upregulates insulin receptor expression and enhances insulin action. In an RCT we examined the effect of high-dose vitamin D followed by nasal insulin on memory and disability in mild-moderate AD. 63 community-dwelling individuals aged > 60 were recruited; 32 with mildmoderate disease (Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score 12–24) met entry criteria and were randomized. All took low-dose vitamin D (1000IU/day) throughout. After run-in (8 weeks), they were randomized to additional high-dose D/placebo for 8 weeks, followed immediately by randomization to nasal insulin (60 IU qid)/placebo for 48 h. Primary outcome measures were Alzheimer’s disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) and Disability Assessment in Dementia (after high-dose D) and ADAS-cog and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Logical memory (WMS-R LM) for immediate and delayed recall (after nasal insulin). Baseline median (interquartile range, IR) age, MMSE, and ADAS-cog were 77.5 (69–80), 19.5 (17–22), and 25.5 (20–31), respectively. Median 25OHD increased from 49 to 60 nM (p < 0.01) after run-in and was 187 nM after high-dose vitamin D and 72 nM after placebo (p < 0.001). Neither cognition nor disability changed significantly after high-dose D. ADAS-cog improved by a median (IR) of 9 (1–11) with nasal insulin after placebo high-dose vitamin D (p = 0.02), but may represent regression to the mean as WLS-R LM did not change. We conclude that high-dose vitamin D provides no benefit for cognition or disability over low-dose vitamin D in mild-moderate AD.
Estimation of body composition of neonatal pigs via deuterium oxide dilution: validation of technique.

Five studies were conducted to determine 1) the time period required for the equilibration of deuterium oxide (D2O) in body water in neonatal pigs following the intravenous (iv), intramuscular (im) or intraperitoneal (ip) injection of D2O and 2) the accuracy and precision of estimating body water, protein, fat and ash in neonatal pigs from the body D2O pool space. Deuterium oxide administered by iv and im injection equilibrated with body water by 40 and 20 min postinjection, respectively. Body D2O space determined from individual samples of blood fluids drawn at 40, 80 or 120 min postinjection accurately reflected body water determined by desiccation. The difference between D2O pool space determined at 120 min postinjection and body water in 4-kg pigs injected iv averaged - . 050 kg, and the magnitude of the difference was relatively constant (standard deviation [SD] = .121 kg). The D2O pool space determined from im injection overestimated body water slightly (.163 kg), but the precision of the estimate was good (SD = .019 kg). Deuterium oxide injected ip did not consistently equilibrate by 200 min postinjection, and the estimated D2O pool space was not indicative of body water. The 90% confidence limits for estimating body water, protein, fat and ash in 4-kg pigs as determined by im and iv injection of D2O were . 020 and . 092 kg, . 014 and . 021 kg, . 030 and . 043 kg and . 007 and . 047 kg, respectively. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
CELL FRACTIONATION ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CD8 GLYCOPROTEIN TRANSPORT BETWEEN ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT AND GOLGI COMPLEX IN TISSUE CULTURED CELLS

We have set up an analytical cell fractionation procedure to dissect, by a non‐morphological method, the anterograde transport of proteins from endoplasmic reticulum, intermediate compartment and Golgi complex in tissue cultured cells. Using this procedure after pulse‐chase labelling of cells expressing human CD8 glycoprotein, we obtained results that: (1) support the view that the intermediate compartment is a distinct station in the export from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex; and (2) strongly suggests that the O ‐glycosylation process starts after the intermediate compartment, presumably in thecis ‐Golgi complex.
Acute β-Adrenergic Activation Triggers Nuclear Import of Histone Deacetylase 5 and Delays Gq-induced Transcriptional Activation*

Background: HDAC5 regulation during acute and chronic β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation and its cross-talk with Gq signaling remains unclear in adult myocytes. Results: Acute β-AR activation induces nuclear import of HDAC5 and blocks Gq-driven export. Conclusion: Acute β-AR activation protects against Gq-induced hypertrophic signaling. Significance: Acute β-AR regulation is crucial during fight or flight response as a key physiological switch before allowing transcriptional activation. During hemodynamic stress, catecholamines and neurohumoral stimuli may induce co-activation of Gq-coupled receptors and β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR), leading to cardiac remodeling. Dynamic regulation of histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5), a transcriptional repressor, is crucial during stress signaling due to its role in epigenetic control of fetal gene markers. Little is known about its regulation during acute and chronic β-AR stimulation and its cross-interaction with Gq signaling in adult cardiac myocytes. Here, we evaluate the potential cross-talk between Gq-driven and β-AR mediated signaling at the level of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HDAC5. We show the translocation of GFP-tagged wild type HDAC5 or mutants (S279A and S279D) in response to β-AR or Gq agonists. Isoproterenol (ISO) or PKA activation results in strong nuclear accumulation of HDAC5 in contrast to nuclear export driven by Ca2+-calmodulin protein kinase II and protein kinase D. Moreover, nuclear accumulation of HDAC5 under acute ISO/PKA signaling is dependent on phosphorylation of Ser-279 and can block subsequent Gq-mediated nuclear HDAC5 export. Intriguingly, the attenuation of Gq-induced export is abolished after chronic PKA activation, yet nuclear HDAC5 remains elevated. Last, the effect of chronic β-AR signaling on HDAC5 translocation was examined in adult myocytes from a rabbit model of heart failure, where ISO-induced nuclear import is ablated, but Gq-agonist mediated export is preserved. Acute β-AR/PKA activation protects against hypertrophic signaling by delaying Gq-mediated transcriptional activation. This serves as a key physiological control switch before allowing genetic reprogramming via HDAC5 nuclear export during more severe stress, such as heart failure.
A Fair Listen-Before-Talk Algorithm for Coexistence of LTE-U and WLAN

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in operating long-term evolution (LTE) in unlicensed bands (i.e., LTE-U). However, since LTE and wireless local area networks (WLANs) are designed to operate in different bands, they have no coexistence mechanism, which leads to significant performance degradation. In particular, since LTE does not sense channel vacancy prior to transmissions, the LTE interference severely affects the WLAN operation. To address this problem, we propose a fair listen-before-talk (F-LBT) algorithm for coexistence of LTE-U and WLAN in unlicensed bands. F-LBT jointly considers the total system throughput and the fairness between LTE-U and WLAN and then allocates an appropriate idle period for WLAN. Evaluation results demonstrate that F-LBT can improve the total system throughput while providing the fairness between LTE-U and WLAN.
F 1 Geometry processing

The field of geometry processing concerns the representation, analysis, manipulation, and optimization of geometric data. It has made rapid progress motivated by, enabling, and improving the technological possibilities for the creation of digital models from real-world objects. For example, laser scanners sample millions of points from the surface of physical objects with high accuracy and software tools produce complex digital shapes from the sampled data. This development has a strong impact on the structure of shape processing in industry. As a consequence, software systems must be adjusted to follow this trend. For example, CAD systems, which traditionally use spline representation of surfaces, need to be able to process and optimize highly resolved polygonal meshes. This creates a demand for differential geometric concepts for polygonal meshes and stable numerical, geometric, and topological algorithms.
The Debt Agency Costs of Family Ownership: Firm Level Evidence on Small and Micro Firms

This study investigates the impact that family ownership has on loan availability and credit terms. Our study differs from existing literature by investigating the impacts of family ownership on loan availability and credit terms in a sample of small and micro Finnish firms. Our results suggest that loan availability becomes weaker when family ownership increases. Collateral requirements increase with management ownership, but contrary to previous studies on large, listed firms we find no effect on interest rates. These results suggest that there are agency costs involved with family ownership and that banks take this into account when lending to these firms. We also find that the impact of other attributes that affect loan availability of credit terms is different for family firms as opposed to non-family firms. Our results suggest that an increase in firm age improves loan availability and reduces collateral requirements only for the non-family firms. We also find that while an increase in profitability improves loan availability for all firms, it reduces interest rates and collateral requirements only for family firms. The results on relationship lending effects suggest that there are no differences in non-family and family firms. When it comes to bank market concentration, it seems that an increase in the number of local banks improves loan availability only for the non-family firms.
Sub‐clinical acute rejection detected using protocol biopsies in patients with delayed graft function

Abstract Acute rejection in renal transplants is difficult to diagnose when patients have delayed graft function (DGF) in the early post‐transplant period. In this study protocol, renal transplant biopsies were performed in an attempt to detect sub‐clinical acute rejection episodes. Eighty‐three patients were eligible for the study, of whom 33 had DGF. All had protocol renal transplant biopsies performed under ultrasound control at 7 days post‐transplant, and those with DGF had further biopsies weekly until the graft functioned. All histologically confirmed acute rejection episodes were treated. Sub‐clinical acute rejection was detected in 6/33 (18%) patients with DGF compared to 2/50 (4 %) in the other patients (P < 0.05). Borderline rejection was present in 4/33 (12 %) and 4/50 (8 %) patients, respectively. Because of the high detection rate of sub‐clinical acute rejection and the low morbidity of renal transplant biopsies, their use is recommended in patients with DGF.
IMU-based Joint Angle Measurement Made Practical

This contribution is concerned with hinge joint angle calculation based on inertial measurement data in the context of human motion analysis. Unlike most robotic devices, the human body lacks even surfaces and right angles. Therefore, we focus on methods that avoid to assume a certain mounting orientation, i.e. certain orientations in which the sensor should be mounted with respect to the body segment or to a global coordinate system. After a review of available methods that may cope with this challenge, we present two new methods which use recent results on joint axis and position estimation based on the exploitation of kinematic constraints. Results from an experiment with a transfemoral amputee are provided in which we compare the IMU-based methods to an optical 3d motion capture system. RMS errors are found to be less than 0.6◦on the prosthesis and below 4◦on the contralateral leg.
Optical Imaging as Auxiliary Tool in Skin Cancer Diagnosis

Clinical detection of early malignant and premalignant skin lesions is not simple due to their similar features with the more common benign lesions. The traditional skin cancer screening is based on careful whole body visual inspection, and if a suspected lesion is noticed, further examination with biopsy is required. Visual examination relies heavily on the experience and skills of the physician to identify and delineate the initial changes related to carcinogenesis and cancer progression. White light dermatoscope is the most used conventional tool for skin cancer screening, used by dermatologists for a magnified visualization of the skin. Optical imaging at widefield and microscopic levels has been presented as clinical tools for aiding lesion detection and discrimination. Optical techniques are non-invasive, with fast response through an in situ interrogation, and are potentially sensitive to biochemical and structural changes presented in skin cancer development. For skin cancer diagnostics the main used techniques are: widefield imaging, optical spectroscopy and microscopy imaging. Widefield imaging allows the examination of large areas and has the potential of improving detection of occult lesions, margin delimitation, and of guiding biopsy site determination. Optical spectroscopy presents more detailed information on tissue composition, through the light intensity for each collected emission wavelength, which might be later correlated to specific biomolecules. Microscopy imaging has a main advantage of the evaluation of the tissue characteristics at cellular level, but only a small fraction of the lesion volume is interrogated. Distinct optical techniques offer different tissue/cellular information that is complimentary, even though for cancer screening, widefield optical imaging may represent the first best option, when compared to point spectroscopy or optical microscopy. The combination of information from different imaging modalities has the potential of revealing tissue features resulting in an improved diagnostic performance, due to their distinct provided tissue information. In this chapter an overview of the optical clinical methods and the instruments developed for skin cancer detection of published studies will be discussed.
The type of short selling and issue discounts in seasoned equity offerings

This paper examines whether issue discounts and stock return around seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) differ according to the type of short selling, manipulative or informative, in Japan where a special short selling regulation around SEOs, such as Rule 105 in the United States, does not exist. Following Gerard and Nanda (1993), this paper measures the type of short selling based on the ratio of covering short sales with new shares (SCR). This paper finds that a higher level of short selling with a high SCR has a negative effect on the informativeness of secondary market prices, but a higher level of short selling with a low SCR has a positive effect on the information content. We also find evidence that short selling with a high SCR is associated with a price recovery, but short selling with a low SCR is associated with a price drop. Although the level of short selling has a negative effect on issue discounts, the level of short selling with a high SCR has a positive effect on underpricing. These results indicate that manipulative short selling increases by covering shorts with new shares.
Principal Component Analysis in Linear Regression Survival Model with Microarray Data

As a useful alternative to the Cox proportional hazards model, the linear regression survival model assumes a linear relationship between the covariates and a known monotone transformation, for example logarithm, of an event time of interest. In this article, we study the linear regression survival model with right censored survival data, when high-dimensional microarray measurements are present. Such data may arise in studies in- vestigating the statistical influence of molecular features on survival risk. We propose using the principal component regression (PCR) technique for model reduction based on the weight least squared Stute estimate. Com- pared with other model reduction techniques, the PCR approach is relatively insensitive to the number of covariates and hence suitable for high dimen- sional microarray data. Component selection based on the nonparametric bootstrap, and model evaluation using the time-dependent ROC (receiver operating characteristic) technique are investigated. We demonstrate the proposed approach with datasets from two microarray gene expression pro- filing studies of lymphoma cancers.
Factors Influencing Brazilian Firms in Their Decision to List on Foreign Stock Exchanges

The paper’s purpose is to determine empirically factors that influence Brazilian firms in their decision to cross-border list their stock. The methodology adopted involves an economic analysis of Brazilian cross- listed firms, characterizing and differentiating them from non cross- listed firms, univariate and multivariate tests, using the logit model and a sample of 288 firms listed on Brazilian stock exchanges. The economic analysis shows that cross-listed firms invest substantially, and are profitable, dynamic, and highly valued on the domestic market. The results of the hypotheses tests indicate that size, stock market share, exposure on foreign markets, and best practices of corporate governance seem to be factors influencing Brazilian firms to cross list. Firms belonging to the Telecommunications industry sector seem to have a higher probability to cross-list. The relevance of the study is in improving the knowledge on the behavior of Brazilian firms in international capital markets.
Perception of Cooperation and Trust in International Cooperation. A Study on Polish Exporters and Importers Cooperation with Partners from China and Germany

Trust is a basic coordination mechanism in interfirm relations while lack of trust is perceived as a cooperation barrier. However, building trust across cultural or national borders can be difficult because of cultural differences between partners. This study presents the results of the research on 278 Polish exporters and importers cooperating with partners from China and Germany and proves that the general perception of cooperation with partners from a given country influences the trust level in the cooperation with a given partner coming from this country. This dependence is the weakest in case of starting to trust the partner after the beginning of the cooperation.
Emergence of Penicillin-Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Clones in Canada

ABSTRACT Distinctive international clones of penicillin-nonsusceptible and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae are increasingly being reported. We investigated the spread of these clones in Canada through an active surveillance that was carried out at 11 Canadian pediatric tertiary care centers from 1991 to 1998. All penicillin-nonsusceptible isolates were serotyped, tested for antibiotic susceptibility, and genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Forty-five penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae isolates were evaluated. Eleven serotype 9V isolates and six serotype 14 isolates displayed identical RAPD and PFGE fingerprint profiles. Twelve (70%) of these isolates were encountered in Quebec. The 9V/14 clone and the Spanish-French clone had similar PFGE fingerprint patterns. Eight isolates of serotype 23F and two isolates of serogroup 14 had the same fingerprint profiles and displayed resistance to three or more antibiotic drug classes. This clone was first detected in Calgary (Alberta) and in 1996 appeared simultaneously in various regions of Canada. This clone showed a PFGE fingerprint pattern similar to that of the Spanish-U.S. 23F clone. Our data show the emergence across Canada of two international clones of penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae: (i) serotypes 9V and 14 related to the Spanish-French clone and (ii) the 23F Spanish-U.S. clone. The source of the first clone was in Quebec and the second international clone was probably originated from the United States. The exact reasons for the successful spread of these clones within Canada and their contribution to increased resistance to antibiotics have yet to be explored.
Comparative study of power grid centrality measures using complex network framework

New closeness and betweenness based centrality measures have been evaluated in this paper. Power grid is modeled as a directed graph. The graph is analyzed in terms of complex network theory to identify influential nodes which control power flow pattern throughout the whole grid and as a result can create cascade if removed unintentionally or targetedly. Various measures of impacts have been analyzed to show that power grid has scale-free network characteristics, i.e., it is very much vulnerable to targeted node removal. Measures of impacts include characteristic path length, connectivity loss and blackout size. Rank similarity analysis have been carried out to show that nominal condition of power system gives critical nodes which remain critical with changes in system operating conditions as well.
ON THE USE OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL TOOLS IN IS RESEARCH : DEVELOPING A RESEARCH AGENDA FOR NEUROIS 1

This article discusses the role of commonly used neurophysiological tools such as psychophysiological tools (e.g., EKG, eye tracking) and neuroimaging tools (e.g., fMRI, EEG) in Information Systems research. There is heated interest now in the social sciences in capturing presumably objective data directly from the human body, and this interest in neurophysiological tools has also been gaining momentum in IS research (termed NeuroIS). This article first reviews commonly used neurophysiological tools with regard to their major strengths and weaknesses. It then discusses several promising application areas and research questions where IS researchers can benefit from the use of neurophysiological data. The proposed research topics are presented within three thematic areas: (1) development and use of systems, (2) IS strategy and business outcomes, and (3) group work and decision support. The article concludes with recommendations on how to use neurophysiological tools in IS research along with a set of practical suggestions for developing a research agenda for NeuroIS and establishing NeuroIS as a viable subfield in the IS literature. 1