Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Probabilistic Model of Text Classification and Retrieval

This paper introduces the multinomial model of text classification and retrieval. One important feature of the model is that the tf statistic, which usually appears in probabilistic IR models as a heuristic, is an integral part of the model. Another is that the variable length of documents is accounted for, without either making a uniform length assumption or using length normalization. The multinomial model employs independence assumptions which are similar to assumptions made in previous probabilistic models, particularly the binary independence model and the 2-Poisson model. The use of simulation to study the model is described. Performance of the model is evaluated on the TREC-3 routing task. Results are compared with the binary independence model and with the simulation studies.
Specific Emitter Identification for Cognitive Radio with Application to IEEE 802.11

Cognitive radio (CR) is believed to be an enabling technology for increasing spectrum efficiency. A CR collects spectrum usage information from not only its own spectrum sensing module, but also from peer CRs. The heavy dependence on spectrum knowledge from other CRs requires identification of malicious CR devices that could generate spoofed information. In addition, it also needs to track the users associated with problematic CR devices which unintentionally violate spectrum usage etiquette. The specific emitter identification (SEI) concept is applied to identification of such non-cooperative CR devices. In this paper, second-order cyclic features of OFDM signals are proposed as a means of increasing CR network security and stability through SEI. For this exploratory work, IEEE 802.11a/g signals from different WLAN cards are measured and classified using hidden Markov Models (HMMs).
Efficient Advertisement Discovery for Audio Podcast Content Using Candidate Segmentation

Nowadays, audio podcasting has been widely used by many online sites such as newspapers, web portals, journals, and so forth, to deliver audio content to users through download or subscription. Within 1 to 30 minutes long of one podcast story, it is often that multiple audio advertisements (ads) are inserted into and repeated, with each of a length of 5 to 30 seconds, at different locations. Automatic detection of these attached ads is a challenging task due to the complexity of the search algorithms. Based on the knowledge of typical structures of podcast contents, this paper proposes a novel efficient advertisement discovery approach for large audio podcasting collections. The proposed approach offers a significant improvement on search speed with sufficient accuracy. The key to the acceleration comes from the advantages of candidate segmentation and sampling technique introduced to reduce both search areas and number of matching frames. The approach has been tested over a variety of podcast contents collected from MIT Technology Review, Scientific American, and Singapore Podcast websites. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm archives detection rate of 97.5% with a significant computation saving as compared to existing state-of-the-art methods.
Detection and Recovery of Film Dirt for Archive Restoration Applications

A novel spatio-temporal method is proposed for film dirt detection and recovery. Firstly, a more reliable confidence measurement of dirt is extracted for color films. False alarms caused by motion are filtered using consistency checks among several measurements. Then, candidate dirt is detected by filtering and thresholding this confidence measurement. Finally, bi-directional local motion compensation and ML3Dex filtering are taken for the recovery of dirt pixels. Experiments on real data demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our method in terms of both detection and recovery of dirt.
Transtinib, a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor inhibits L858R/T790M mutant NSCLC cell lines and xenografts

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations initially respond well to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) erlotinib and gefitinib. However, clinical efficacy is limited by the development of resistance. In most cases, this resistance is in the form of the T790M mutation. Here, we report the design, synthesis and biochemical evaluation of a novel series of irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) that are derived from the anilinoquinazoline scaffold. Guided by molecular modeling, this series of analogs was evolved to target a cysteine residue in the ATP binding site via covalent bond formation and to achieve high levels of anti-tumor activity in cell cultures and in xenografts. The most promising compound 13c ((E) –N - (4 - (4 - (3-fluorobenzyloxy) -3- chlorophenylamino) -7-ethoxyquinazolin-6-yl) -3- ((S) -pyrrolidin-2-yl)acrylamide, which we named Transtinib) displayed strong anti-proliferative activity against the H1975 and A431 cell lines with IC50 values of 34 nM and 62 nM, respectively. In xenograft models, Transtinib significantly decreases tumor size for a prolonged period of time. These results suggest that Transtinib is a potential cancer therapeutic drug lead for the inhibition of mutant EGFR to overcome the development of resistance.
Transfer of Pseudomonas elongata Humm 1946 to the genus Microbulbifer as Microbulbifer elongatus comb. nov.

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences revealed that Pseudomonas elongata Humm 1946 is more closely related to the genus Microbulbifer than to authentic pseudomonads. The type strain of P. elongata (DSM 6810(T)) exhibited 16S rDNA similarity levels of 97.5 and 98.2 % to the type strains of Microbulbifer hydrolyticus and Microbulbifer salipaludis, respectively, but of less than approximately 92 % to Pseudomonas species with known 16S rDNA sequences. Respiratory lipoquinone and cellular fatty acid analyses showed that the type strain of P. elongata has characteristics similar to those of the genus Microbulbifer, not those of the genus Pseudomonas. P. elongata DSM 6810(T) contained ubiquinone-8 as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and iso-C(15 : 0) as the major fatty acid. DNA-DNA relatedness data indicate that P. elongata is a species distinct from M. hydrolyticus and M. salipaludis. Therefore, on the basis of these data, P. elongata Humm 1946 should be transferred to the genus Microbulbifer as Microbulbifer elongatus comb. nov.
Utilization of the Discrete Differential Evolution for Optimization in Multidimensional Point Clouds

The Differential Evolution (DE) is a widely used bioinspired optimization algorithm developed by Storn and Price. It is popular for its simplicity and robustness. This algorithm was primarily designed for real-valued problems and continuous functions, but several modified versions optimizing both integer and discrete-valued problems have been developed. The discrete-coded DE has been mostly used for combinatorial problems in a set of enumerative variants. However, the DE has a great potential in the spatial data analysis and pattern recognition. This paper formulates the problem as a search of a combination of distinct vertices which meet the specified conditions. It proposes a novel approach called the Multidimensional Discrete Differential Evolution (MDDE) applying the principle of the discrete-coded DE in discrete point clouds (PCs). The paper examines the local searching abilities of the MDDE and its convergence to the global optimum in the PCs. The multidimensional discrete vertices cannot be simply ordered to get a convenient course of the discrete data, which is crucial for good convergence of a population. A novel mutation operator utilizing linear ordering of spatial data based on the space filling curves is introduced. The algorithm is tested on several spatial datasets and optimization problems. The experiments show that the MDDE is an efficient and fast method for discrete optimizations in the multidimensional point clouds.
Farsighted sensor management strategies for move/stop tracking

We consider the sensor management problem arising in using a multi-mode sensor to track moving and stopped targets. The sensor management problem is to determine what measurements to take in time so as to optimize the utility of the collected data. Finding the best sequence of measurements is a hard combinatorial problem due to many factors, including the large number of possible sensor actions and the complexity of the dynamics. The complexity of the dynamics is due in part to the sensor dwell-time depending on the sensor mode, targets randomly starting and stopping, and the uncertainty in the sensor detection process. For such a sensor management problem, we propose a novel, computationally efficient, farsighted algorithm based on an approximate dynamic programming methodology. The algorithm's complexity is polynomial in the number of targets. We evaluate this algorithm against a myopic algorithm optimizing an information-theoretic scoring criterion. Our simulation results indicate that the farsighted algorithm performs better with respect to the average time the track error is below a specified goal value.
Computing logic-stage delays using circuit simulation and symbolic Elmore analysis

The computation of logic-stage delays is a fundamental sub-problem for many EDA tasks. Although accurate delays can be obtained via circuit simulation, we must estimate the input assignments that will maximize the delay. With conventional methods, it is not feasible to estimate the delay for all input assignments on large sub-networks, so previous approaches have relied on heuristics. We present a symbolic algorithm that enables efficient computation of the Elmore delay under all input assignments and delay refinement using circuit-simulation. We analyze the Elmore estimate with three metrics using data extracted from symbolic timing simulations of industrial circuits.
Multi-Frequency Measurements for Supply Modulated Transmitters

Transmitters for high peak-to-average power ratio communication are increasingly using supply modulation to improve efficiency. In addition to a dc component, the dynamic supply may contain ac components up to 500 MHz. The low-frequency (LF) dynamic impedance of the supply terminal of a power amplifier (PA) is often unknown and available nonlinear transistor models are unable to predict dynamic LF effects required for design of wideband efficient supply modulators (SMs). This paper describes a technique to calibrate and measure multi-port multi-frequency parameters of a transistor and PA under supply modulation conditions. The measurement setup is used to characterize the complex drain impedance of GaN transistors and PAs in large-signal operation at X-band with 1-500-MHz LF excitation on the drain terminal, over a range of input power levels. In addition, the LF drain impedance of a 10-GHz monolithic microwave integrated circuit PA with 4-W output power and 60% peak power-added efficiency is measured when the PA is connected to a simple switched resonant SM. The main motivation for this work is to obtain knowledge of the dynamic supply-port impedance that can enable improved PA and SM co-design.
Design and Kinematic Modeling of Constant Curvature Continuum Robots: A Review

Continuum robotics has rapidly become a rich and diverse area of research, with many designs and applications demonstrated. Despite this diversity in form and purpose, there exists remarkable similarity in the fundamental simplified kinematic models that have been applied to continuum robots. However, this can easily be obscured, especially to a newcomer to the field, by the different applications, coordinate frame choices, and analytical formalisms employed. In this paper we review several modeling approaches in a common frame and notational convention, illustrating that for piecewise constant curvature, they produce identical results. This discussion elucidates what has been articulated in different ways by a number of researchers in the past several years, namely that constant-curvature kinematics can be considered as consisting of two separate submappings: one that is general and applies to all continuum robots, and another that is robot-specific. These mappings are then developed both for the single-section and for the multi-section case. Similarly, we discuss the decomposition of differential kinematics (the robot’s Jacobian) into robot-specific and robot-independent portions. The paper concludes with a perspective on several of the themes of current research that are shaping the future of continuum robotics.
Human Arylacetamide Deacetylase Is a Principal Enzyme in Flutamide Hydrolysis

Flutamide, an antiandrogen drug, is widely used for the treatment of prostate cancer. The initial metabolic pathways of flutamide are hydroxylation and hydrolysis. It was recently reported that the hydrolyzed product, 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamine (FLU-1), is further metabolized to N-hydroxy FLU-1, an assumed hepatotoxicant. However, the esterase responsible for the flutamide hydrolysis has not been characterized. In the present study, we found that human arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) efficiently hydrolyzed flutamide using recombinant AADAC expressed in COS7 cells. In contrast, carboxylesterase1 (CES1) and CES2, which are responsible for the hydrolysis of many drugs, could not hydrolyze flutamide. AADAC is specifically expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum. Flutamide hydrolase activity was highly detected in human liver microsomes (Km, 794 ± 83 μM; Vmax, 1.1 ± 0.0 nmol/min/mg protein), whereas the activity was extremely low in human liver cytosol. The flutamide hydrolase activity in human liver microsomes was strongly inhibited by bis-(nonylphenyl)-phenylphosphate, diisopropylphosphorofluoride, and physostigmine sulfate (eserine) but moderately inhibited by sodium fluoride, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, and disulfiram. The same inhibition pattern was obtained with the recombinant AADAC. Moreover, human liver and jejunum microsomes showing AADAC expression could hydrolyze flutamide, but human pulmonary and renal microsomes, which do not express AADAC, showed slight activity. In human liver microsomal samples (n = 50), the flutamide hydrolase activities were significantly correlated with the expression levels of AADAC protein (r = 0.66, p < 0.001). In conclusion, these results clearly showed that flutamide is exclusively hydrolyzed by AADAC. AADAC would be an important enzyme responsible for flutamide-induced hepatotoxicity.
“Behave like a responsible adult” – Relation between social identity and psychosocial skills at stake in self-management of a chronic disease

Abstract We show that the development of psychosocial skills promoting self-management of a chronic disease is associated with the acquisition of a social identity valued in the ideological context of reference. To do this, we focus on a skill that is important for people suffering from a chronic disease to acquire: Assuming responsibility for self-managing one’s own pathology. Because acting responsibly is also a skill socially attributed to the identity of adults in Western liberal societies, we studied the chronically ill’s sense of belonging to the adult social group. In Study 1 (N = 102 diabetics), we suggested that behaving like a “responsible adult” in the self-management of a chronic disease is socially valued. In Study 2 (N = 261 diabetics), we suggested that identification with this group is associated with a feeling of responsibility promoting improved self-management behaviors. The results obtained from the two studies are consistent with our hypotheses. They allow us to conceptualize psychosocial skills through the identity, ideological and normative issues that underpin their development.
Lifestreams: Organizing your Electronic Life*

The "Web," an attempt to organize the electronic world, has become the focus of a wide range of research activities from agents to information retrieval to virtual reality systems, and is a central focus of work presented at this symposium. Our work considers a more humble task: that of organizing our own electronic lives. We introduce a new metaphor, Lifestreams, for dynamically organizing a user’s personal files, electronic mail, schedules, rolodex and financial data. In this paper we describe our prototype Lifestreams system and in the process cover most of the topics of this symposium, including indexing, information retrieval, user interfaces, nmltisource integration and lnultimedia.
Incremental motion control of synchronous reluctance motor via multisegment sliding mode control method

This paper solves a particular incremental motion control problem, which is specified by the trapezoidal velocity profile, using multisegment sliding mode control. Each segment of the multisegment switching surfaces is designed to match the corresponding part of the trapezoidal velocity profile, so that the motor dynamics on the specified-segment switching surface have the desired velocity or acceleration corresponding to the trapezoidal profile. The multisegment sliding mode control is applied to a synchronous reluctance motor system to demonstrate its effectiveness. A PC-based prototype system is built to verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
Task-oriented parsing - a diagnostic method to be used adaptive systems

In order to be able to show context-dependent responses to the user's actual needs, adaptive systems have to be provided with models of possible task contexts. Existing methods for the representation of tasks in HCI are insufficient for this purpose as they do not support task-oriented parsing (i.e. analysing the input stream in terms of higher level task units). This paper presents a Prolog implementation of a task-oriented parser (+ generator) based on a grammar notation called LEXITAS. As an application, an online coach for a UNIX-like file management system is described. Further applications, such as automated macro detection from given interaction protocols, are discussed.
Identification of an activator required for elevation of maturation- promoting factor (MPF) activity by gamma-S-ATP

Maturation-promoting factor (MPF) is a cell cycle control element able to cause cells to enter M-phase upon microinjection and will induce metaphase in nuclei incubated in cell extracts. Previous work has shown that MPF is composed of a complex between p34cdc 2 protein kinase and a B-type cyclin. In the present work gamma-S-ATP was found to cause activation of MPF activity in partially purified preparations, but this activation was lost upon chromatography on Matrex Green gel A. Readdition of other Matrex Green fractions to purified MPF restored the ability of gamma-S-ATP to activate MPF for nuclear breakdown as well as phosphorylation of histone H1. Use of the system described here will facilitate study of p34cdc 2 kinase activation and identification of elements involved in MPF regulation.
Le développement durable est-il plus important pour les jeunes générations d'entrepreneurs? Étude sur les objectifs et la conception de la performance de propriétaires-dirigeants de PME manufacturière

Les propriétaires-dirigeants de PME sont-ils influencés par leur appartenance générationnelle en ce qui a trait au développement durable? Les nouvelles générations de propriétaires-dirigeants, considérant les caractéristiques qu'on leur prête, sont-elles davantage animées par des objectifs liés au développement durable et à la responsabilité sociale que le sont les générations plus âgées? En se basant sur la littérature actuelle, on pourrait être tenté de le croire. Afin de vérifier si de telles différences existent, nous avons réalisé une étude auprès de 643 propriétaires-dirigeants de PME manufacturières québécoises issus de quatre générations différentes (génération silencieuse, baby-boomers, génération X et génération Y) concernant les objectifs qu'ils poursuivent et leur conception de la performance. Contrairement aux hypothèses posées, les résultats n'ont pas révélé de différences entre les groupes, ce qui nous amène à conclure que la question des différences générationnelles présentement débattue par des chercheurs est plus complexe qu'il n'y paraît et que d'autres travaux sont nécessaires pour détruire les mythes associés aux comportements anticipés des propriétaires-dirigeants de PME.
Quantifying Creativity in Art Networks

Can we develop a computer algorithm that assesses the creativity of a painting given its context within art history? This paper proposes a novel computational framework for assessing the creativity of creative products, such as paintings, sculptures, poetry, etc. We use the most common definition of creativity, which emphasizes the originality of the product and its influential value. The proposed computational framework is based on constructing a network between creative products and using this network to infer about the originality and influence of its nodes. Through a series of transformations, we construct a Creativity Implication Network. We show that inference about creativity in this network reduces to a variant of network centrality problems which can be solved efficiently. We apply the proposed framework to the task of quantifying creativity of paintings (and sculptures). We experimented on two datasets with over 62K paintings to illustrate the behavior of the proposed framework. We also propose a methodology for quantitatively validating the results of the proposed algorithm, which we call the "time machine experiment".
The Association between Atherosclerotic Renal Artery Stenosis and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Background Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) commonly co-exist. Some patients with unidentified ARAS may undergo cardiac surgery. While acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication of cardiac surgery, we aim to evaluate the influence of ARAS on the occurrence of postoperative AKI in patients with normal or near-normal baseline renal function following cardiac surgery. Methods A total of 212 consecutive patients undergoing aortography after coronary angiography and cardiac surgery were retrospectively studied for their preoperative and intraoperative conditions. AKI was defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine of more than or equal to 0.3 mg/dl (≥26.4 µmol/l) or a percentage increase in creatinine of more than or equal to 50% (1.5-fold from baseline) after cardiac surgery. A propensity score-adjusted logistic regression models was used in estimating the effect of ARAS on the risk of postoperative AKI. Results ARAS (≥50%) was observed in 50 (23.6%) patients, and 83 (39.2%) developed AKI after cardiac surgery. A correlation existed between renal artery patency and preoperative–to–postoperative %ΔCr in patients with ARAS (r = 0.297, P<0.0001). The propensity score-adjusted regression model showed the occurrence of postoperative AKI in patients with ARAS was significantly higher than those without ARAS (OR 2.858, 95% CI 1.260–6.480, P = 0.011). Conclusion ARAS is associated with postoperative AKI in patients with normal or near-normal baseline renal function after cardiac surgery.