Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contribution to the Theory of Indexing

An attempt is made to characterize the usefulness of terms occurring in stored documents and user queries as a function of their frequency characteristics across the documents of a collection. It is found that the best terms are those having medium frequency in the collection and skewed frequency distributions. Correspondingly, terms exhibiting either very high or very low document frequency are not as useful. To improve the indexing vocabulary, it becomes necessary to group low frequency terms into classes, and to break up high frequency terms by forming phrases. An indexing theory is described based on term frequency considerations, and a new phrase generation method is introduced. The resulting improvements in the indexing vocabulary are evaluated.
Remittances and Governance: Does the Government Free Ride?

Through what channel and to what extent does the inflow of remittances affect the quality of governance in the recipient countries? Recent studies suggest that a rise in remittances reduces public goods provision. Scholars generally agree that remittances increase consumption expenditure of the recipient households. This implicit positive correlation between remittances and the ratio of household to government consumption indicates an increasing share of private goods in household consumption. The decreasing share of public goods, on the other hand, tends to reduce households0 incentives to monitor and hold the government accountable. As a result, the external benefits generated by household consumption induce the government to substitute the provision of public goods for remittances, thereby raising the scope of expected benefits for a rational government official from illegitimate transactions with a private partner. Using recently advanced kernel regression methods, we find that remittances lead to higher corruption and poor governance in countries with higher private consumption. These results provide supports for the ongoing global efforts to redirect remittance flows from household consumption toward productive investments.
A 400MHz 32b embedded microprocessor core AM34-1 with 4.0GB/s cross-bar bus switch for SoC

A 32b RISC microprocessor core for Digital TV SoC occupies 14.8mm/sup 2/ in 0.13/spl mu/m CMOS with six Cu layers. The core runs at 400MHz with 500mW average dissipation at 1.35V. The integrated 4.0GB/s 3/spl times/4 cross-bar bus switch improves sustained system performance efficiency by 1.75 times.
Skeletal dysplasias: Evaluation with impulse oscillometry and thoracoabdominal motion analysis

Children with skeletal dysplasia (SD) often have pulmonary disease, which can be life threatening. In clinical practice, chest wall and formal respiratory function tests are difficult to perform owing to the small size and cooperation. The objective of this study was to demonstrate distinct thoracopulmonary function patterns in children with SD.
Research on system dynamics model of water resources sustainable development in China

The system of Chinese water resources sustainable development is a large complex nonlinear system. With the application of system dynamics analysis, in the paper a model of system dynamics of Chinese water resources sustainable development is tried to be built considering water resources, society, economy, population and environment as a comprehensive general system, the strategy of water consumption in the future is studied, tfying to guarantee the sustainable development of water resources in china and meemwhile to estimate the details of water resources in 2010.
A population-based study of personality in 34 000 sib-pairs

Abstract Several theoretical studies have suggested that large samples of randomly ascertained siblings can be efficiently used to ascertain phenotypically extreme individuals and increase power to detect genetic linkage. Phenotypes that can be reliably measured by questionnaire are of obvious utility for such selection strategies, as large numbers of individuals can be contacted without laborious individual interview. As the first step in developing a large randomly-ascertained family cohort in southwest England, a sample of 88 000 individuals, including more than 34 000 sibling pairs in 20 000 sibships, was administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) by commercial mailing. The sample age ranges were 20–67 years and comprised 59% males and 41% females. Descriptive properties of the EPQ scales are similar to those reported from other large family cohorts. Test–retest correlations on 1681 probands in the sample are substantial for the N-scale (r = 0.93), but somewhat more modest for the other scales (range r = 0.70–0.88). Phenotypic and sibling correlations correspond quite closely to those of twin studies. Twin Research (2000) 3, 310–315.
Dynamic Organization: Chromosome Domains in Escherichia coli

Bacteria are small and their chromosomes are several orders of magnitude longer than the cell size. The chromosome is consequently compacted into a structure known as the nucleoid. Zooming into the nucleoid of the model organism Escherichia coli reveals additional layers of organization: the chromosomal domains. These domains are much more than simple compaction devices. Essential cellular processes such as chromosome segregation, gene regulation and DNA replication are dependent on the domain organization of the chromosome. Here, we provide an overview of discoveries about micro- and macrodomains in E. coli and discuss potential routes to be taken in future research.
A Predictive Risk Probability Approach for Microarray Data with Survival as an Endpoint

Gene expression profiling has played an important role in cancer risk classification and has shown promising results. Since gene expression profiling often involves determination of a set of top rank genes for analysis, it is important to evaluate how modeling performance varies with the number of selected top ranked genes incorporated in the model. We used a colon data set collected at Moffitt Cancer Center as an example of the study, and ranked genes based on the univariate Cox proportional hazards model. A set of top ranked genes was selected for evaluation. The selection was done by choosing the top k ranked genes for k = 1 to 12,500. An analysis indicated a considerable variation of classification outcomes when the number of top ranked genes was changed. We developed a predictive risk probability approach to accommodate this variation by identifying a range number of top ranked genes. For each number of top ranked genes, the procedure classifies each patient as having high risk (score = 1) or low risk (score = 0). The categorizations are then averaged, giving a risk score between 0 and 1, thus providing a ranking for the patient's need for further treatment. This approach was applied to the colon data set and demonstrated the strength of this approach by three criteria: First, a univariate Cox proportional hazards model showed a highly statistically significant level (log-rank χ 2 statistics = 110 with p -value <10 −16) for the predictive risk probability classification. Second, the survival tree model used the risk probability to partition patients into five risk groups showing a good separation of survival curves (log-rank χ 2 statistics = 215). In addition, utilization of the risk group status identified a small set of risk genes that may be practical for biological validation. Third, analysis of resampling the risk probability suggested the variation pattern of the log-rank χ 2 in the colon cancer data set was unlikely caused by chance.
Cheap talk? Strategy presentations as a form of chief executive officer impression management

Research summary: We develop and test a set of hypotheses on investors' reactions to a specific form of impression management, public presentations of overall strategy by Chief Executive Officers (CEOs). Contrary to expectations from a “cheap talk” perspective, we suggest that such strategy presentations convey valuable information to investors, especially in conditions of heightened information asymmetry associated with varying types of new CEOs. Broad empirical support for our theoretical arguments is shown in a sample of strategy presentations carried out by NYSE and NASDAQ listed organizations over 10 years. Our research contributes to literature on new CEOs and impression management. We draw out implications both for management and for further research. Managerial summary: We examine the impact of public presentations on company strategy by Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) on company stock prices. Adjusting for market movements in general, on average stock prices rose by 1.6 percent following these strategy presentations. Strategy presentations received larger reactions the more the CEO was unfamiliar to investors. Thus, stock price gains for new CEOs in general were 5.3 percent; for external, within-industry new CEOs, they were 9.3 percent; and for external, outside-of-industry new CEOs, they were 12.4 percent. Given that only 40 percent of new CEOs present on strategy in their first 200 days post-appointment, we suggest that new CEOs pay more attention to this potential means of communicating, especially if they are unfamiliar to investors. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Market orientation in Ivory Coast: measurement validity and organizational antecedents in a sub‐Saharan African economy

Despite renewed interest in the cross‐national implementation of market orientation, there is hardly any consideration of this practice in sub‐Saharan Africa. The present study examines the validity of two widely used market orientation scales from Kholi and Jaworski and Narver and Slater, in Ivory Coast, and the ability of both scales developed from explained market orientation practices among Ivorian firms. The results of this study confirm the transferability of both scales, although Narver and Slater’s were found to perform better. In addition, several related organizational antecedents recommended in the extant literature were found to predict market orientation in this sub‐Saharan African country. Several managerial recommendations and implications for further research are also discussed.
Balsamic vinegar of Modena: From product to market value: competitive strategy of a typical Italian product

This case study provides a brief historical background to the regulatory summary of the production and quality of vinegar, manufactured in Modena, Italy: the production method and the asset value of a vinegar cellar; quality controls; the comparative evaluation of balsamic vinegars; product and market specificity; the competitive environment; and the organisational structure and critical management areas in the productive chain. The study also looks at the growth pattern of traditional balsamic vinegar and the evaluation of the coherence of the current strategic assumptions for future business development.
GANGLION CELL LAYER THICKNESS AND VISUAL IMPROVEMENT AFTER EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE SURGERY

Purpose: To evaluate the possible prognostic value of preoperative individual retinal layer thicknesses measured by an automated algorithm from spectral domain optical coherence tomography and visual acuity or improvement after epiretinal membrane surgery. Methods: Data from 76 eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane that underwent pars plana vitrectomy for idiopathic epiretinal membrane removal were analyzed. The preoperative thicknesses of the ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer, and other layers were measured using the Iowa Reference Algorithm. Each retinal layer thickness and its ratio of the central foveal thickness were compared between eyes with (Group 1) or without (Group 2) 2 or more Snellen lines of visual improvement at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results: Higher mean central foveal thickness/ganglion cell layer ratio and symptom duration of ⩽1 year were significantly more common in Group 1 (P = 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). After adjusting for age and symptom duration, lens status, and preoperative visual acuity, higher central foveal thickness/ganglion cell layer ratio was associated with ≥2 lines of visual improvement after surgery (odds ratio: 6.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.29–33.40). Conclusion: The preoperative inner retinal layer changes may have a role independent of outer retinal layer parameters in the visual prognosis after epiretinal membrane peeling.
Business intelligence, cooperative corporate venturing relating to SMME growth in South Africa

II DECLARATION III DEDICATION IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS V LIST OF TABLES X LIST OF FIGURES XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1 1.2. CONTEXT OF THE STUDY 2 1.3. PROBLEM STATEMENT 3 1.3. 1. MAIN PROBLEM 3 1.3. 2. SUB-PROBLEMS 3 1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 4 1.5. DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 6 1.5. 1. FIRM SIZE 6 1.5. 2. RESPONDENT CHARACTERISTICS 6 1.5. 3. FIRM CHARACTERISTICS 7 1.6. DEFINITION OF TERMS 7 1.6. 1. BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE 7 1.6. 2. CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP 7 1.6. 3. COOPERATIVE CORPORATE VENTURING 7 1.6. 4. ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE 8 1.6. 5. SMME 8 1.7. ASSUMPTIONS 9 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1. SUB-PROBLEM 1: THE ADOPTION OF COOPERATIVE CORPORATE VENTURING AS A STRATEGIC INITIATIVE FOR SMMES 10 2.1.1. THE CASE FOR CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP 10 2.1.2. CORPORATE VENTURING 11 2.1.3. SMMES AND COOPERATIVE CORPORATE VENTURING 12 2.1.4. THE BENEFITS OF ALLIANCES TO SMMES 13 2.1.5. HYPOTHESIS 1 15
Sequence and Structural Analysis of FtsZ Homologs and Comparison of Bacterial FTsZ with Eukaryotic Tubulins

FtsZ, a bacterial cell division protein is a homolog of eukaryotic tubulins. It was postulated that FtsZ of different bacterial species might have specific signature sequences, based on which various FtsZ protein sequences were classified, mined and analyzed. Multiple sequence alignment of the sequences resulted in the highly specific signatures at the C-terminal end of gram-negative bacterial FtsZ. Interestingly, a few organisms belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes were found to contain 600-650 amino acid-FtsZ sequences having an extra long spacer residues of about 300-350 amino acids. Sequentially, the spacer showed the presence of coils throughout using secondary structure prediction methods. Structurally over a span of 133 residues, a match was found in T7 DNA ligase, suggesting the presence of viral origin of the extra residues. Eukaryotic α-tubulins were also mined and aligned giving rise to high percentage identity even among highly diverged species such as the zebra fish and humans. This suggests the reason behind the high divergence seen between the eukaryotes and the prokaryotes sequentially, though structurally they share 98% similarity. The main focus of the present work was to understand evolution of the bacterial and eukaryotic cytoskeleton proteins.
Electrophoretic Study on the Hemoglobin of Japanese Pond Frogs

Japan, that is, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu, Rana brevipoda brevipoda is fbund together with Rana nigromaculata in the Tokai and Kinki districts of Honshu and along the sheres ofthe eastern side of the Inland Sea. Rana brevipoda porosa occurs in the Kanto and Sendai plains and in most ofthe areas along the Shinano River. The fact that the two species are incompletely isolated reproductively from each other was elucidated by MoRiyA (1954, 1960a, b), who divided Japanese pond frogs into five races mainly on the basis of their morphological characteristics.
How to Manage Risk in Life Insurance

How to Manage Risk in Life Insurance Ali MOHSENIYAN SISAKHT Mohamad REZA ABBASI Payame Noor University, Social Science and Management Department, Tehran, IRAN In life insurance, insurer promises to pay a designated beneficiary a sum of money (the “benefits”) upon the death of the insured person. Naturally, managing risk especially valuation is one of the most important tasks for insurer. In this research, we try to response the most important of questions of insurers. How a contract must at least be priced such that the insurance company is treated fairly? In this research we use expectation principle but the expectation is taken due to an equivalent martingale measure. Based on this assumption we proposed a model for valuation and implemented the model for an example.
A Uniform Description Scheme of Power Group Asset Based on KKS

The paper summarizes the necessity,target and extent of the uniform description of the asset of power generation groups,describes the KKS marking of the fixed asset in the group and how to build connections with the spare part coding.The scheme implements the group asset management of the invested power plants and can promote the uniform and harmonic management efficiency of the attached power plants to a great extent from the angle of group uniform management.
The "Veil of Ignorance": Exploring Ethical Issues in the Employment Interview

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST are well recognized in public relations, advertising, and other business arenas in which people who have different interests and beliefs may be suspicious of one another and accuse others of unethical communication (e.g., Kienzler, 1997). But students may need to leam how such conflicts also play out in day-to-day professional interactions. This article briefly describes one exercise to help students explore the ethical implications of the employment interview. The exercise derives from Rawls ( 1971 ); it is based on the premise that people often adopt standards for ethical communication consistent with satisfying their own interests, and thus these standards can vary greatly. To demonstrate this point, Rawls developed
Association Between Nine Quality Components and Superior Worksite Health Management Program Results

Objective:To assess the prevalence of “best practice” program components across a select sample of organizations, and to explore differences in engagement rates and health risk reduction between organizations using “best-practice” and “common-practice” health management approaches. Methods:Using a retrospective approach, researchers assigned organizations to a “best practice” or “common-practice” group based on well-defined criteria. The study examined group differences in employee health assessment participation rates, health coaching program participation and completion rates, and organizational-level health risk reduction. Results:Best-practice organizations achieved higher levels of engagement than common-practice organizations in both health assessment and health coaching programs. Population-level and intervention-level health risk reduction was 2.35 and 1.08 times higher, respectively, among best-practice organizations compared with common-practice organizations. Conclusions:This study demonstrates the contribution of quality program components to superior program engagement rates and health outcomes.
THE IMPACT OF LEARNING ON BUSINESS CYCLE FLUCTUATIONS IN THE CONSUMER UNSECURED CREDIT MARKET

We document that the credit spread on consumer unsecured debt exhibits a persistent, hump-shaped response to an increase in the charge-off rate. This stylized fact poses a significant challenge for a standard model of consumer default in which lenders have rational expectations and, therefore, the credit spread continuously adjusts to reflect the true default incentives of each borrower. In an effort to explain this feature of the data, we construct a model of consumer default with countercyclical income risk in which lenders learn about default risk over time by observing the history of repayment decisions, as is the case in practice. In addition to matching credit spread dynamics, allowing lenders to learn about default risk substantially improves the model’s ability to generate realistic business cycle fluctuations in the consumer unsecured credit market and match the cross-sectional distribution of unsecured debt and dispersion of interest rates observed in the data.
The pharmacology of tetramine (tetraethylenedisulfotetramine).

Pharmacological studies have been made of Tetramine (tetraethylenedisulfotetramine), employing principally a saturated aqueous solution of the compound. Tetramine was found to be stable in aqueous solutions and the LD 50 of this solution for the albino rat has been determined. The compound was shown to have no major activity on peripheral nerves, skeletal muscles, or the neuromuscular junction; investigations of autonomic activity were without significant positive results. Convulsive activity of Tetramine was shown to lie entirely within the brain stem. The coin-pound greatly increased both rate and amplitude of respiration in the deeply anesthetized dog. Absorption studies indicate that Tetramine is rapidly absorbed from the mucosa of the pharynx and oral cavity; it appears to be metabolized at a rate approximately one-fourth the LD 50 per day.
Freshwater crayfish distribution update and maps for Greece: combining literature and citizen-science data

Crayfish are charismatic creatures of high interest to humans, among others playing key roles in freshwater ecosystems. Considering the significance of indigenous crayfish species (ICS) as well as the risks posed by non-indigenous crayfish species (NICS) that may dissemite a crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci , astacological research has advanced particularly in Europe. In this context, crayfish distribution patterns are of fundamental importance. Focused on all crayfish established in the Greek wild, we provide an updated distribution and maps, combining extensive review of existing literature as well as newly emerging sources, largely represented by increasingly important citizen-science data. Obtained results demonstrate that ICS, mainly the Astacus astacus and Austropotamobius torrentium , remain relatively well settled in the country. The last ICS, Astacus leptodactylus , was translocated in few places outside its native range, leading to the formation of new flourishing populations and at least in one case it sustains commercial exploitation. Concerning NICS, a single population of Pacifastacus leniusculus is also established in the artificial lake Agra (Region of Central Macedonia) and keeps spreading. Unfortunately, there are only few methods under a very narrow range of conditions making successful eradication of unwanted NICS populations feasible. This option is even more difficult as this population is commercially exploited and traded. Since further potentially problematic NICS are also pet-traded in the country, educating public and communicating highlighted issues are the most effective ways limiting their releases and consecutive establishment in the wild.