Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Dynamic Weight Neural Network Ensemble Model

Neural network is easy to fall into the minimum and overfitting in the application. The paper proposes a novel dynamic weight neural network ensemble model (DW-NNE). The Bagging algorithm generates certain neural network individuals which then are selected by the K-means clustering algorithm. In order to solve the problem that K-value cannot be selected automatically in the K-means clustering algorithm when conducting the selection of individuals, the K-value optimization algorithm based on distance cost function is put forward to find the optimal K-values. In addition, for the integrated output problems, the paper proposes a dynamic weight model which is based on fuzzy neural network with accordance to the ideas of dynamic weight. The experimental results show that the integrated approach can achieve better prediction accuracy compared to the traditional single model and neural network ensemble model.
Locality-preserving discriminant analysis for hyperspectral image classification using local spatial information

Locality-preserving projection as well as local Fisher discriminant analysis is applied for dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral imagery based on both spatial and spectral information. These techniques preserve the local geometric structure of hyperspectral data into a low-dimensional subspace wherein a Gaussian-mixture-model classifier is then considered. In the proposed classification system, local spatial information-which is expected to be more multimodal than strictly spectral features-is used. Results with experimental hyperspectral data demonstrate that this system outperforms traditional classification approaches.
Ieee Computer Graphics and Applications 45 in Situ Visualization for Large- Scale Combustion Simulations

S upercomputers' massive processing power drives scientic discovery in many areas, and their computing power and storage capacity grow rapidly every year. As scientists gain access to more powerful machines, they attempt to solve larger, more complex problems. Consequently , the amount of data their scientic simulations generate is increasing at an astounding pace. Large-scale scientic simulations typically output time-varying multivariate volumetric data. Such data can now easily occupy petabytes of storage space. To maximize simulation output's use, scientists need efcient, effective solutions to manage and study the ever-growing data volume. Supercomputer time is a prized commodity. Scientists from various elds compete for this time at national laboratories and universities and must use it efciently. So, many scientists employ a batch-oriented, sequential process to analyze large data sets. A common strategy is to dump as much raw data during the simulation run as the storage capacity allows. Subsequent data analysis and visualiza-tion occur ofine. This ofine postprocessing can involve reducing petabytes of simulation-generated data to a more manageable size. Additional postpro-cessing might be necessary to prepare the data for visualization. Occasionally, scientists directly access visualiza-tion clusters at supercomputing centers. During the simulation run, they can collect measurements that provide an overview of the simulation results. With help from visualization specialists, the scientists then can visually analyze their data. In this scenario, all visualization calculations take place on the visu-alization machine through coprocessing, which can occur online or ofine. The system then delivers the visualization results, such as images or animations, directly to the scientists' desktop. If this option isn't available, the scientists could use a separate parallel computer to prepare their data for visualization. However, even when coprocess-ing is available, transferring and storing simulation output can be formidable. Scientists usually don't have the capability to routinely transfer and store petabytes of data from supercomputer storage devices to their laboratories for study. Transferring that much data is time-consuming even if sufcient storage space is available. To reduce the amount of data to store and transfer, the common practice is to store selected time steps and study a limited range or a coarse-grained temporal resolution of the data. Although convenient, examining only a limited subset of large-scale data might hinder subsequent analysis of the overall phenomenon and selected details. As the petascale-computing era approaches, simply transferring raw simulation data to storage devices or visualization machines is increasingly cumbersome. A better solution is …
Development of distributed planner for decision support systems

Based on a short outline of the state of the art in real time decision support systems (RTDSS) for planning and searching problems, the present paper introduces a planning approach for RTDSS and an architecture of a development planner (DIPLAN). DIPLAN utilizes a parallel version of the IDA* search algorithm based on heuristic methods of solution search. Finally, the obtained results are described.
Improved efficiency electrically small planar inverted-F antenna

The efficiency of a novel, electrically small, circular planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is improved by voluminous expansion towards a spherical shape. Measured results show an improvement in gain of 14 dB from flat to fully spherical designs. Simulated efficiency calculations are presented for varying fill-rates of a sphere. We also highlight the key challenges to be tackled for additive fabrication of spherical antennas.
Inhibition of the A-Type K+ Channels of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons by the Long-Duration Anesthetic Butamben

n-Butyl-p-aminobenzoate (BAB; butamben) is a long-duration anesthetic used for the treatment of chronic pain. Epidural administration of BAB is thought to reduce the electrical excitability of dorsal root nociceptor fibers by inhibiting voltage-gated ion channels. To further investigate this mechanism, we examined the effects of BAB on the potassium currents of acutely dissociated neurons from the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG). These neurons express a rapidly inactivating A-type K+ current (IA) that is resistant to tetraethylammonium (20 mM) but inhibited by 4-aminopyridine (5 mM). At low concentrations, BAB (≤1 μM) selectively inhibited the IA component of DRG K+ current. The voltage dependence of activation and inactivation, kinetics of recovery from inactivation, and the pharmacology of the DRG IA were similar to those of the Kv4 family of K+ channels. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to establish that the messages encoding for all three of the mammalian Kv4 channel subunits (Kv4.1–Kv4.3) were present in the rat DRG. BAB produced a high-affinity, partial inhibition of heterologously expressed Kv4.2 channels (KD = 59 nM) but did not alter the kinetics or voltage sensitivity of gating. Substituting polar threonines for conserved hydrophobic residues of the S6 segment weakened BAB binding but did not alter the voltage-dependent gating of the Kv4.2 channel. At physiological pH, BAB is uncharged, suggesting that hydrophobic interactions may contribute to drug binding. The data support a mechanism in which BAB binds near the narrow cytoplasmic entrance of Kv4 channels and inhibits current by a pore blocking mechanism.
Detecting subjectivity in multiparty speech

In this research we aim to detect subjective sentences in spontaneous speech and label them for polarity. We introduce a novel technique wherein subjective patterns are learned from both labeled and unlabeled data, using n-grams with varying levels of lexical instantiation. Applying this technique to meeting speech, we gain significant improvement over state-of-theart approaches and demonstrate the method’s robustness to ASR errors. We also show that coupling the pattern-based approach with structural and lexical features of meetings yields additional improvement.
Trap Assisted Tunneling Model for Gate Current in Nano Scale MOSFET with High-K Gate Dielectrics

This paper presents a new compact analytical model of the gate leakage current in high-k based nano scale MOSFET by assuming a two-step inelastic trap-assisted tunneling (ITAT) process as the conduction mechanism. This model is based on an inelastic trap-assisted tunneling (ITAT) mechanism combined with a semiempirical gate leakage current formulation in the BSIM 4 model. The gate tunneling currents have been calculated as a function of gate voltage for different gate dielectrics structures such as HfO2, Al2O3 and Si3N4 with EOT (equivalent oxide thickness) of 1.0 nm. The proposed model is compared and contrasted with santaurus simulation results to verify the accuracy of the model and excellent agreement is found between the analytical and simulated data. It is observed that proposed analytical model is suitable for different highk gate dielectrics simply by adjusting two fitting parameters. It was also shown that gate leakages reduced with the introduction of high-k gate dielectric in place of SiO2. Keywords—Analytical model, High-k gate dielectrics, inelastic trap assisted tunneling, metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices.
'Being a smoker' : investigating smoking identities in different socio-economic groups in England

Smoking is strongly linked to disadvantage (Jarvis & Wardle, 1999). Psychological approaches to studying the 'poor smoker' have tended to neglect potentially important 'macro-social' factors. This thesis takes a social psychological approach, focused on social identity (Campbell, 1997). It aims to consider the construction of identities and meaning-systems amongst different socio-economic status groups in England. Two studies were undertaken, representing a mixed methodological approach. In the first study, smokers and non-smokers from higher and lower socio-economic groups were given a conceptual map task to capture their spontaneous associations with the topic. This was followed by an in-depth interview. A thematic analysis showed that smokers were identified as 'unhealthy, stressed out and addicted'. They were also identified with 'Other' already stigmatised groups such as the old, the young and working-class groups. Non-smokers emphasised a moral discourse surrounding smoking to draw boundaries between themselves and 'bad' smokers. Higher SES smokers tended to distance themselves from the negative dimensions of smoking identities, whereas lower SES tended to internalise them. The second study was a Q-methodological one, comprising a sample of smokers from different SES groups. A six-factor model of 'smoking identities' was generated. Three identities oriented around a biomedical model of smoking as an addictive health risk. The other three reflected alternative or paradoxical constructions of smoking based on pleasure, freedom and the rights of smokers. It is concluded that taking into account smoking identities and the conceptual understandings underlying them offers the opportunity to locate health promotion where the audience is thinking (Joffe, 2002). This is particularly important when targeting lower SES smokers.
Print media portrayals of giving: exploring national ‘cultures of philanthropy’

In their 2010 study drawing on 500 empirical philanthropy studies, Bekkers and Wiepking identified eight consistently significant giving mechanisms. The pilot study reported here extends what is known about one mechanism, values, as a giving driver, in particular considering how national cultural values apply to giving. Personal values are not formed in a vacuum. They are influenced by the wider culture and society: thus values have a socio-cultural dimension. Accordingly, this pilot research draws on media theory and cultural studies work on national ethos to explore how these national cultural values interact with giving. A directed qualitative content analysis has been undertaken to compare US and Australian print media coverage about philanthropy. The two nations share an Anglo–Saxon orientation but differ significantly in national character and philanthropic activity. This study posits that a nation's media coverage about giving will reflect its national cultural ethos. This coverage can also shape personal values, thus implications exist for theory about the antecedents of personal giving values. Wider national values may drive or stifle giving, so this wider view of values as a driver has implications also for philanthropy promotion and fundraising. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing the Challenge for FSL Teachers: How to Maintain and Improve Language, Pedagogical Skills and Cultural Knowledge.

Un des defis impose aux enseignant(e)s de francais langue seconde est de maintenir et d'ameliorer leurs habilites en langue, leur connaissance de la didactique et leur connaissance de la culture francophone. Cet article considere la difficulte pour les enseignant(e)s de FLS d'atteindre cet objectif. Il propose des moyens pour assister les enseignants a travers le Canada
An automatic construction and organization strategy for ensemble learning on data streams

As data streams are gaining prominence in a growing number of emerging application domains, classification on data streams is becoming an active research area. Currently, the typical approach to this problem is based on ensemble learning, which learns basic classifiers from training data stream and forms the global predictor by organizing these basic ones. While this approach seems successful to some extent, its performance usually suffers from two contradictory elements existing naturally within many application scenarios: firstly, the need for gathering sufficient training data for basic classifiers and engaging enough basic learners in voting for bias-variance reduction; and secondly, the requirement for significant sensitivity to concept-drifts, which places emphasis on using recent training data and up-to-date individual classifiers. It results in such a dilemma that some algorithms are not sensitive enough to concept-drifts while others, although sensitive enough, suffer from unsatisfactory classification accuracy. In this paper, we propose an ensemble learning algorithm, which: (1) furnishes training data for basic classifiers, starting from the up-to-date data chunk and searching for complement from past chunks while ruling out the data inconsistent with current concept; (2) provides effective voting by adaptively distinguishing sensible classifiers from the else and engaging sensible ones as voters. Experimental results justify the superiority of this strategy in terms of both accuracy and sensitivity, especially in severe circumstances where training data is extremely insufficient or concepts are evolving frequently and significantly.
Development and Evaluation of Oral Controlled Release Chlorpheniramine-Ion Exchange Resinate Suspension

An oral controlled release suspension of chlorpheniramine maleate was prepared using ion-exchange resin technology. A strong cation exchange resin Indion 244 was utilized for the sorption of the drug and the drug resinates was evaluated for various physical and chemical parameters. The drug-resinate complex was microencapsulated with a polymer Eudragit RS 100 to further retard the release characteristics. Both the drug-resinate complex and microencapsulated drug resinate were suspended in a palatable aqueous suspension base and were evaluated for controlled release characteristic. Stability study indicated that elevated temperature did not alter the sustained release nature of the dosage form indicating that polymer membrane surrounding the core material remained intact throughout the storage period.
High‐order oligomerization is required for the function of the H‐NS family member MvaT in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

H‐NS is an abundant DNA‐binding protein that has been implicated in the silencing of foreign DNA in several different bacteria. The ability of H‐NS dimers to form higher‐order oligomers is thought to aid the polymerization of the protein across AT‐rich stretches of DNA and facilitate gene silencing. Although the oligomerization of H‐NS from enteric bacteria has been the subject of intense investigation, little is known regarding the oligomerization of H‐NS family members from bacteria outside of the enterobacteriaceae, many of which share little sequence similarity with their enteric counterparts. Here we show that MvaT, a member of the H‐NS family of proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can form both dimers and higher‐order oligomers, and we identify a region within MvaT that mediates higher‐order oligomer formation. Using genetic assays we identify mutants of MvaT that are defective for higher‐order oligomer formation. We present evidence that these mutants are functionally impaired and exhibit DNA‐binding defects because of their inability to form higher‐order oligomers. Our findings support a model in which the ability of MvaT to bind efficiently to the DNA depends upon protein–protein interactions between MvaT dimers and suggest that the ability to form higher‐order oligomers is a conserved and essential feature of H‐NS family members.
Transcriptional Coactivator PC4, a Chromatin-Associated Protein, Induces Chromatin Condensation

ABSTRACT Human transcriptional coactivator PC4 is a highly abundant multifunctional protein which plays diverse important roles in cellular processes, including transcription, replication, and repair. It is also a unique activator of p53 function. Here we report that PC4 is a bona fide component of chromatin with distinct chromatin organization ability. PC4 is predominantly associated with the chromatin throughout the stages of cell cycle and is broadly distributed on the mitotic chromosome arms in a punctate manner except for the centromere. It selectively interacts with core histones H3 and H2B; this interaction is essential for PC4-mediated chromatin condensation, as demonstrated by micrococcal nuclease (MNase) accessibility assays, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM images show that PC4 compacts the 100-kb reconstituted chromatin distinctly compared to the results seen with the linker histone H1. Silencing of PC4 expression in HeLa cells results in chromatin decompaction, as evidenced by the increase in MNase accessibility. Knocking down of PC4 up-regulates several genes, leading to the G2/M checkpoint arrest of cell cycle, which suggests its physiological role as a chromatin-compacting protein. These results establish PC4 as a new member of chromatin-associated protein family, which plays an important role in chromatin organization.
Laser-tissue interaction

The response of tissue to laser radiation spans the gauntlet from biostimulation at irradiance levels of mW to the violent disruptions of tissue with short pulses that have MW peak irradiances. The end result of laser interaction with tissue is governed by energy Deposition that depends upon laser parameters and tissue properties. In concept, PDT requires a laser wavelength that matches an absorption peak of the photosensitizer and a penetration depth to reach all of the targeted tissue. Dosimetry will depend upon the needed fluence rate 4(z) of the light at the targeted depth. Given the optical properties of the tissue, various methods of solving the transport equation can be used to calculate fluence rate [W1m2] as a function of depth. Since most wavelengths of interest for PDT are in the red and near IR, scattering dominates absorption; and the fluence rate just below the surface of tissue can be much larger than the irradiance, EO [W/m2].
Using Objective, Real-Time Measures to Investigate the Effect of Actual Physical Activity on Affective States in Everyday Life Differentiating the Contexts of Working and Leisure Time in a Sample with Students

Multiple studies suggest that physical activity causes positive affective reactions and reduces depressive mood. However, studies and interventions focused mostly on structured activity programs, but rarely on actual physical activity (aPA) in daily life. Furthermore, they seldom account for the context in which the aPA occur (e.g., work, leisure). Using a prospective, real-time assessment design (ambulatory assessment), we investigated the effects of aPA on affective states (valence, energetic arousal, calmness) in real-time during everyday life while controlling for the context. Eighty-seven undergraduates students (Age: M = 24.6; SD = 3.2, females: 54%) participated in this study. aPA was assessed through accelerometers during 24-h. Palmtop devices prompted subjects approximately every 45 min during a 14-h daytime period to assess their affective states and the context. We analyzed within- and between-person effects with hierarchical modeling (HLM 6.0). Multilevel analyses revealed that both aPA and context influenced subsequent affective states. The interaction of aPA and context did predict energetic arousal only. State levels of affects did not differ between men and women. For both men and women, aPA in everyday life has an effect on individual’s affective states. For valence and calmness, it seems to be independent of the context in which the aPA occur. For energetic arousal, men reported to have lower feelings of energy and women reported to have more feelings of energy during leisure time compared to working episodes.
Comparative Evaluation of the VITEK 2, Disk Diffusion, Etest, Broth Microdilution, and Agar Dilution Susceptibility Testing Methods for Colistin in Clinical Isolates, Including Heteroresistant Enterobacter cloacae and Acinetobacter baumannii Strains

ABSTRACT Increasing antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria has recently renewed interest in colistin as a therapeutic option. The increasing use of colistin necessitates the availability of rapid and reliable methods for colistin susceptibility testing. We compared seven methods of colistin susceptibility testing (disk diffusion, agar dilution on Mueller-Hinton [MH] and Isosensitest agar, Etest on MH and Isosensitest agar, broth microdilution, and VITEK 2) on 102 clinical isolates collected from patient materials during a selective digestive decontamination or selective oral decontamination trial in an intensive-care unit. Disk diffusion is an unreliable method to measure susceptibility to colistin. High error rates and low levels of reproducibility were observed in the disk diffusion test. The colistin Etest, agar dilution, and the VITEK 2 showed a high level of agreement with the broth microdilution reference method. Heteroresistance for colistin was observed in six Enterobacter cloacae isolates and in one Acinetobacter baumannii isolate. This is the first report of heteroresistance to colistin in E. cloacae isolates. Resistance to colistin in these isolates seemed to be induced upon exposure to colistin rather than being caused by stable mutations. Heteroresistant isolates could be detected in the broth microdilution, agar dilution, Etest, or disk diffusion test. The VITEK 2 displayed low sensitivity in the detection of heteroresistant subpopulations of E. cloacae. The VITEK 2 colistin susceptibility test can therefore be considered to be a reliable tool to determine susceptibility to colistin in isolates of genera that are known not to exhibit resistant subpopulations. In isolates of genera known to (occasionally) exhibit heteroresistance, an alternative susceptibility testing method capable of detecting heteroresistance should be used.