Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Are Manitoba dentists aware of the recommendation for a first visit to the dentist by age 1 year?

BACKGROUND The Canadian Dental Association (CDA) and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) recommend that children visit the dentist by 12 months of age. PURPOSE To report on how Manitoba"s general dental practitioners and pediatric dentists manage oral health in early childhood. METHODS Mailed surveys that used the modified survey methods of Dillman were sent to 390 Manitoban general dental practitioners and pediatric dentists. The sampling frame was the Manitoba Dental Association"s Membership Registry, but only those dentists who consented to the release of their mailing information were contacted. Survey data were analyzed with Number Cruncher Statistical Software (NCSS 2007). Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses and multiple regression analyses were done. A p value of < or = 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 292 (74.9%) of the 390 practitioners responded, of whom 85.1% met the eligibility criteria and 84.6% were graduates of the faculty of dentistry, University of Manitoba. Overall, infants and preschoolers constituted < 10% of patients in the respondents" practices. Slightly more than half (58.3%, 144/247) of participants were aware of professional organizations" recommendation about the timing of children"s first visit to the dentist; 52.2% (130/249) were unaware of the existence of a standardized case definition for ECC; and 32.3% (80/248) knew that ECC was defined as the presence of at least 1 primary tooth affected by caries in children < 6 years of age. On average, these participating dentists from Manitoba thought children should visit the dentist by 2 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Although early visits to the dentist are now endorsed by CDA and AAPD, a significant number of dentists in Manitoba are still unaware of the recommendation that children should first visit the dentist by 12 months of age.
Construction of Algebraic Wavelet Coefficients

In this paper we discuss a method for construction of algebraic wavelet coefficients, i.e. wavelet coefficients lying in an algebraic extension field of Q. The method relies on a strengthened version of theorem due to L. Fejer and F. Riesz. As an application, we prove that the Daubechies wavelets have algebraic wavelet coefficients. We show that there exist uncountably many transcendent scaling coefficient sequences. Furthermore, we prove that the set of parameters for algebraic wavelet coefficient sequences (up to a given length) is dense in the parameter space of the Pollen parametrization. Algebraic wavelet coefficient sequences may lead to faster processing units in VLSI implementations of the fast wavelet transform.
The Political (Science) Context of Judging

For at least two decades now, the legal academy has made extensive use of the theories and tools of the economist. Though not all in the law world view this as happy development, few would deny its importance. Indeed, the integration of law and economics is so complete that nary a substantive area of law remains untouched; nary a law curriculum fails to house a course on the subject; and nary a law faculty lacks a specialist, if not a Ph.D., in economics. The same could not be said of political science. In recent years, theories regularly bandied about by political scientists-such as "the attitudinal model" and "the strategic account"-and data sources that we regularly use-such as "The Spaeth Database"-are now making appearances in the law reviews, but "recent" is the operative word. It has been in only the last few years that law professors have shown much interest in political science approaches to judging; and that interest is spotty to say the least. That is why we so appreciate Professor Merrill's effort. From top to bottom, he consciously seeks to engage political scientists in ways that are 2 virtually unknown in the law world. He has gone to great lengths to
Molecular and Cell Biology of the Prototypic Arenavirus LCMV: Implications for Understanding and Combating Hemorrhagic Fever Arenaviruses

Arenaviruses merit interest as experimental model systems to study virus–host interactions and as clinically important human pathogens. Several arenaviruses, chiefly Lassa virus (LASV), cause hemorrhagic fever (HF) in humans. In addition, evidence indicates that the worldwide‐distributed prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) is a neglected human pathogen. Moreover, arenaviruses pose a biodefense threat. No licensed arenavirus vaccines are available, and current therapy is limited to the use of ribavirin, which is only partially effective and associated with significant side effects. The development of arenavirus reverse genetics systems has made it possible to manipulate the arenavirus genome, which is contributing to significant progress in understanding arenavirus molecular and cell biology, as well as arenavirus–host interactions underlying arenavirus‐induced HF disease in humans. This, in turn, should facilitate the development of novel both vaccines and antiviral drugs to combat the dual threats of naturally occurring and intentionally introduced arenavirus infections.
A STUDY OF METHODS OF CONTROLLING IMPULSES.

THE PERSON LESS ABLE TO CONTROL HIS IMPULSES IS ALSO APT TO EXHIBIT SOCIALLY DISVALUED BEHAVIOR. VOCATIONAL AND ACADEMIC FAILURE IS A PARTIAL. CONSEQUENCE OF IMPULSIVENESS AND LACK OF SELFCONTROL. TO INVESTIGATE IMPULSE CONTROL, TWO INSTRUMENTS BELIEVED TO MEASURE ATTRIBUTES OF OPPOSITE POLES Of THIS CONCEPT (SEQUENTIAL TESTS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS (STEP) LISTENING AND A PEER NOMINATION ITEM FOR IMPULSE CONTROL) WERE CORRELATED WITH SEVERAL OTHER PERSONALITY, COGNITIVE, AND SOCIOMETRIC MEASURES. FROM THE DATA POOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS "HUMAN TALENT RESEARCH PROGRAM," MEASURES OF APPROXIMATELY 1,000 SEVENTH-GRADE STUDENTS WERE USED. AN APPLIED, MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION PROCEDURE TESTED THE INTERACTION BETWEEN IMPULSE CONTROL AND COGNITIVE, PERSONALITY, AND SOCIOMETRIC VARIABLES AS A PARTIAL EXPLANATION OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT. REGRESSION EQUATIONS WERE ALSO COMPUTED TO TEST THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE IMPULSIVITY MEASURES TO CERTAIN ACADEMIC CRITERIA IN THE PRESENCE OF.OTHER INDEPENDENT VARIABLES. STEP LISTENING PARTIALLY MEASURED IMPULSE CONTROL, WHILE THE PEER NOMINATION ITEM MEASURED POSITIVE ATTITUDES TOWARDS OTHERS. INTERACTION BETWEEN THE SUPPOSED IMPULSE CONTROL MEASURES AND OTHER PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS WAS NOT CONSISTENT. IMPULSE CONTROL SHOULD BE STUDIED USING INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDIES RATHER THAN
Dependence of Wilms tumor cells on signaling through insulin-like growth factor 1 in an orthotopic xenograft model targetable by specific receptor inhibition

We have previously demonstrated an increased DNA copy number and expression of IGF1R to be associated with poor outcome in Wilms tumors. We have now tested whether inhibiting this receptor may be a useful therapeutic strategy by using a panel of Wilms tumor cell lines. Both genetic and pharmacological targeting resulted in inhibition of downstream signaling through PI3 and MAP kinases, G1 cell cycle arrest, and cell death, with drug efficacy dependent on the levels of phosphorylated IGF1R. These effects were further associated with specific gene expression signatures reflecting pathway inhibition, and conferred synergistic chemosensitisation to doxorubicin and topotecan. In the in vivo setting, s.c. xenografts of WiT49 cells resembled malignant rhabdoid tumors rather than Wilms tumors. Treatment with an IGF1R inhibitor (NVP-AEW541) showed no discernable antitumor activity and no downstream pathway inactivation. By contrast, Wilms tumor cells established orthotopically within the kidney were histologically accurate and exhibited significantly elevated insulin-like growth factor–mediated signaling, and growth was significantly reduced on treatment with NVP-AEW541 in parallel with signaling pathway ablation. As a result of the paracrine effects of enhanced IGF2 expression in Wilms tumor, this disease may be acutely dependent on signaling through the IGF1 receptor, and thus treatment strategies aimed at its inhibition may be useful in the clinic. Such efficacy may be missed if only standard ectopic models are considered as a result of an imperfect recapitulation of the specific tumor microenvironment.
Visualizing Student Research though a Multi-Conditional Branching “ Choose Your Own Adventure ”-Style Tutorial

Flipped classrooms, asynchronous learning, gamification, and multimodality are familiar concepts in education, and Choose Your Own Adventure-style instruction brings together these ideas by allowing the student to direct their own path through more traditional learning materials. But while nonlinear structure offers significant opportunities to reinforce learning objectives, model behavior, and increase student engagement, developing and assessing this content poses some significant challenges. In this paper, I explore the use of established visualization idioms and visual analytics tools to produce a conventional dashboard layout that will aid analysis of student behavior through Choose Your Own Adventure-style instructional materials.
Process Identification using Nonideal Step Inputs

Abstract Methods to estimate the parameters and the time delay of continuous time transfer function models using different nonideal step inputs are presented. By nonideal step inputs we refer to excitation signals that initially change gradually or in smaller steps to a final value unlike the ideal step that requires a sudden jump equalling the size of the step. Many different forms of such input signals can be designed. We consider four types namely the saturated ramp, the staircase input, the saturated sinusoid and the filtered step input. Two approaches are taken for the parameter estimation. First, estimation equations are directly obtained for the particular inputs and second, equivalent ideal step responses are generated from the nonideal step responses and step response method is used to estimate the parameters. The estimation equations are based on the integral equation approach. The necessary mathematical derivations are provided taking a first order plus time delay model as an example. Simulation results for both first and second order models are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodologies.
Theory and Practice of Counselling and Therapy

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Creating Counselling and Therapy Approaches PART TWO: PSYCHODYNAMIC THERAPIES Freud's Psychoanalysis Jung's Analytical Therapy PART THREE: HUMANISTIC-EXISTENTIAL THERAPIES Person-Centred Therapy Gestalt Therapy Transactional Analysis Reality Therapy Existential Therapy Logotherapy PART FOUR: COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOUR THERAPIES Behaviour Therapy Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy Cognitive Therapy Multimodal Therapy PART FIVE: POSTMODERN THERAPIES Solution-Focused Therapy - Alasdair Macdonald Narrative Therapy - Martin Payne PART SIX: MULTICULTURAL AND GENDER THERAPIES Multicultural Therapy Gender Therapy PART SEVEN: CONCLUSION Evaluation, Eclecticism and Integration
MRI-Based Neuroanatomical Predictors of Dysphagia after Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Considering that the incidence of dysphagia is as high as 55% following acute stroke, we undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify lesion sites that predict its presence after acute ischemic stroke. Methods: We searched 14 databases, 17 journals, 3 conference proceedings and the grey literature using the Cochrane Stroke Group search strategy and terms for MRI and dysphagia. We evaluated study quality using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and extracted individual-level data. We calculated relative risks in order to model dysphagia according to neuroanatomical lesion sites. Results: Of 964 abstracts, 84 articles met the criteria for full review. Of these 84 articles, 17 met the quality criteria. These 17 articles dealt exclusively with dysphagia after infratentorial stroke and provided MRI correlates of dysphagia for 656 patients. The incidence of dysphagia according to stroke region was 0% in the cerebellum, 6% in the midbrain, 43% in the pons, 40% in the medial medulla and 57% in the lateral medulla. Within these regions, pontine (relative risk 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.5–7.7), medial medullary (relative risk 6.9, 95% confidence interval 3.4–10.9) and lateral medullary lesions (relative risk 9.6, 95% confidence interval 5.9–12.8) predicted an increased risk of dysphagia. Conclusions: We sought to develop a neuroanatomical model of dysphagia throughout the whole brain. However, the literature that met our quality criteria addressed the MRI correlates of dysphagia exclusively within the infratentorium. Although not surprising, these findings are a first step toward establishing a neuroanatomical model of dysphagia after infratentorial ischemic stroke and provide insight into the assessment of individuals at risk for dysphagia.
Novel method for high-throughput colony PCR screening in nanoliter-reactors

We introduce a technology for the rapid identification and sequencing of conserved DNA elements employing a novel suspension array based on nanoliter (nl)-reactors made from alginate. The reactors have a volume of 35 nl and serve as reaction compartments during monoseptic growth of microbial library clones, colony lysis, thermocycling and screening for sequence motifs via semi-quantitative fluorescence analyses. nl-Reactors were kept in suspension during all high-throughput steps which allowed performing the protocol in a highly space-effective fashion and at negligible expenses of consumables and reagents. As a first application, 11 high-quality microsatellites for polymorphism studies in cassava were isolated and sequenced out of a library of 20 000 clones in 2 days. The technology is widely scalable and we envision that throughputs for nl-reactor based screenings can be increased up to 100 000 and more samples per day thereby efficiently complementing protocols based on established deep-sequencing technologies.
An Examination of Disciplinary Differences in Factors Related to Job Satisfaction among Liberal Arts College Faculty Members. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper.

AUTHOR Neal, John E. TITLE An Examination of Disciplinary Differences in Factors Related to Job Satisfaction among Liberal Arts College Faculty Members. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper. SPONS AGENCY Council of Independent Colleges, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Nov 90 NOTE 49p. ; Paper presented at the Ann1a1 Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education (Portland, OR, November 1-4, 1990). PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) -Reports Research/Technical (143)
Proteomic based identification of cancer biomarkers: The LOCCANDIA integrated platform

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Consequently, identification of clinically relevant biomarkers for the early detection of this cancer type is urgently needed. In recent years, proteomics profiling techniques combined with various data analysis methods have been successfully used to gain critical insights into processes and mechanisms underlying pathologic conditions, particularly as they relate to cancer. The LOCCANDIA (Lab-On-Chip based protein profiling for CANcer DIAgnosis) project is primarily concerned with validating the application of plasma protein profiling for early pancreatic cancer diagnosis by means of developing an innovative nano-technology based (lab-on-a-chip) platform integrated in a full proteomics analysis chain. This paper describes the integrated clinico-proteomic information management and analysis platform. In particular it focuses on discussing the underlying methodologies and technological aspects of key SW modules, i.e. the data preprocessing and profile reconstruction as well as the classification modules.
Simple-Minded Accountability Measures Create Failing Schools in Disadvantaged Contexts: A Case Study of a Swedish Junior High School

The principles of new public management — market mechanisms, accountability and standards — have been applied in the education system. These methods are supposed to increase efficiency, but there is also a risk of negativee consequences from the services provided if the measures of performance target a reduced range of goals, ignore relevant variables or are not valid measures. Indicators used to compare schools' performance are aggregate measures, such as the percentage of students who have access to secondary education and the average qualification value. This study reports how accountability policy and procedures may affect the functioning of the education system through the case study of a school serving a diverse student population. The school organisation was influenced by measures of performance, external events and contextual and selection variables. The average qualification value measure seems to be a limited measure of performance at the school level, since it largely reflects school composition and school segregation. Even the available performance measures adjusted for background variables do not take account of relevant variables that may influence the school's need of resources and its results, such as students' language proficiency and special educational needs. Other performances that are not easily measured — such as the prevention of dropout, improvement of school attendance and provision of an equitable education for all students — are disregarded. Schools serving those students with the most needs risk being penalised by an approximate and restricted range of accountability systems because there is a risk that the schools will appear to be failing when they are working with more complex and advanced tasks than average schools. Based on these inaccurate performance measurements, the school may be targeted with wide-ranging, severe and basically unjust interventions.
Kompetensi kaunseling pelbagai budaya dan kompetensi spiritual dalam kalangan kaunselor berdaftar di Malaysia

This study aimed to examine the level of spiritual competence and multicultural counselling competence among registered counselors in Malaysia. This study also would like to identify the different levels of spiritual competence and multicultural counseling competence based on demoghraphic factors such as gender, age, religion, ethnicity, educational level and tenure approval. A survey was conducted by administering a set of questionnaire consisting "the spiritual competency scale" by Young, Cashwell, Wiggins-Frame and Belaire (2002) and "Multicultural Competency Inventory" by Sodowsky, (1993). Both scales have been translated to Malay language. A total of 240 registered counselors participated in this study. The results showed that most counselors have a moderate level of spiritual competence with a mean of 3.64 as well as moderate level of multicultural competence with a mean of 2.78. In terms of differences in the level of spiritual competence, there is no significant differences based on gender, age, education level and years of service. Only the religious and ethnicity factor has a significant difference in the levels of counselors' spiritual competence. As for multicultural competence, there is a significant difference in age factor. Therefore, some suggestions have been made based on the findings of this study.
Multi-Imager Compatible, MR Safe, Remote Center of Motion Needle-Guide Robot

We report the development of a new robotic system for direct image-guided interventions (DIGI; images acquired at the time of the intervention). The manipulator uses our previously reported pneumatic step motors and is entirely made of electrically nonconductive, nonmetallic, and nonmagnetic materials. It orients a needle-guide with two degrees of freedom (DoF) about a fulcrum point located below the guide using an innovative remote center of motion parallelogram type mechanism. The depth of manual needle insertion is preset with a third DoF, located remotely of the manipulator. Special consideration was given to the kinematic accuracy and the structural stiffness. The manipulator includes registration markers for image-to-robot registration. Based on the images, it may guide needles, drills, or other slender instruments to a target (OD < 10 mm). Comprehensive preclinical tests were performed. The manipulator is MR safe (ASTM F2503-13). Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing (IEC 60601-1-2) of the system shows that it does not conduct or radiate EM emissions. The change in the signal to noise ratio of the MRI due to the presence and motion of the robot in the scanner is below 1%. The structural stiffness at the needle-guide is 33 N/mm. The angular accuracy and precision of the manipulator itself are 0.177° and 0.077°. MRI-guided targeting accuracy and precision in vitro were 1.71 mm and 0.51 mm, at an average target depth of ∼38 mm, with no adjustments. The system may be suitable for DIGI where ${\text{1.07 + 0.0031}} \cdot \boldsymbol{d}$ [mm] accuracy lateral to the needle (2D) or ${\text{1.59 + 0.0031}} \cdot \boldsymbol{d}$ [mm] in 3D is acceptable. The system is also multi-imager compatible and could be used with other imaging modalities.
Ja n 20 05 A Gemini Observation of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1 RXS J 170849-400910

The anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) represent a growing class of neutron stars discovered at X-ray energies. While the nature of their multi-wavelength emission mechanism is still under debate, evidence has been recently accumulating in favor of their magnetar nature. Their study in the optical and infrared (IR) wavelengths has recently opened a new window to constrain the proposed models. We here present a brief overview of AXPs and our Gemini-South observation of 1RXS J170849-400910, which is a relatively bright AXP discovered with ROSAT and later found to be an 11 s X-ray pulsar by ASCA. The observation was taken with the near-IR imager Flamingos in J (1.25 µm), H (1.65 µm), and K s (2.15 µm). We confirm the recent detection by Israel et al. (2003) of a source coincident with the Chandra source (candidate 'A'). Our derived magnitudes of J = 20.6 (0.2), H = 18.6 (0.2), and Ks = 17.1 (0.2) are consistent with those derived by Israel et al. (2003), and indicate that if this source is indeed the IR counterpart to 1RXS J170849-400910, then there is no evidence of variability from this AXP. However, given the lack of IR variability and the relatively high IR to X-ray flux of this source when compared to the other AXPs, we conclude that this source is unlikely the counterpart of the AXP, and that the other source (candidate 'B') within the Chandra error circle should not be ruled out as the counterpart. Further monitoring of these sources and a deep observation of this complex field are needed to confirm the nature of these sources and their association with the AXP.