Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Titanium Oxide Nanotube via Hydrothermal Method and Recovery of Palladium by means of it

Nanotubes composed of various materials such as carbon, boron nitride, and wolfram disulfide have been studied recently. In this study, the discovery of a hydrothermal route for the synthesis of a nanotube made of titanium oxide by microwave annealing is presented. TiO2 nanotubes obtained in the present work are anticipated to have great potential for use in the preparation of catalysts, adsorbants, and deodorants with high activities, because their specific surface area is greatly increased. Anastase phase TiO2 crystals with a diameter of ~10 nm and a length of ~85 nm were obtained when sol−gel-derived fine TiO2-based powders were treated chemically (e.g., for 30 h at 120 °C) with a 8 M NaOH aqueous solution. The TiO2 nanotubes have a large specific surface area of 420 m2 ·g-1 . The nanotubes were investigated as adsorbents for the removal of Pd (II) from aqueous solutions. It was shown that the initial uptake of each metal ion was very fast in the first 35 min, and adsorption equilibrium was reached after 120 min. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pd (II) was determined to be 50.54 mg g −1, respectively. Thus, TiO2 nanotubes were considered to be effective and promising materials for the recovery of Pd (II).
Evaluation of interoperability of adaptive hypermedia systems : testing the MOT to WHURLE conversion in a classroom setting

The creation process of adaptive hypermedia is rarely evaluated. Moreover, conversion between different adaptive hypermedia systems has barely been proposed, yet alone tested in realistic settings. This paper presents the evaluation of the interoperability of two adaptive (educational) hypermedia systems, MOT and WHURLE, the one serving as authoring system, and the other as delivery system. The evaluation is performed with the help of a class of thirty-one students enrolled in the fourth year of the "Politehnica" Unversity of Bucharest, who were taking a one-week intensive course on Adaptive Hypermedia. This paper describes and interprets our first experiments of the "write once, deliver many" paradigm of adaptive hypermedia creation.
Automatic effects of illness schema activation on behavioral manifestations of illness.

OBJECTIVE Relatively little research has directly evaluated the schematic nature of illness representations proposed by the common sense model of illness. Four studies tested the hypothesis that illness schema activation leads directly and automatically to behavioral manifestations of illness. METHOD Study 1 was a survey (N = 970) that evaluated the proposition that the mental representation of common cold symptom experience includes functional deviation from the usual prototypical self. Studies 2 and 3 were experiments that tested effects of cold schema activation using a subliminal priming paradigm on walking speed (Study 2, N = 53) and free recall in a memory task (Study 3, N = 30). Study 4 (N = 65) used a 2 (cold prime vs. control) × 2 (alternate self vs. control) experimental design to investigate attenuation of the effect of the cold prime on free recall. RESULTS Study 1 confirmed the multifactorial nature of functional self-deviations representing the common cold symptomology. Studies 2 and 3 showed that participants primed with the common cold schema walked more slowly and performed worse on a memory recall task relative to controls in whom the schema was not activated. These effects were automatic in the sense that participants were not aware of the prime or of this influence. In Study 4, priming an alternative self-identity overcame the deleterious effect of automatic common cold schema activation on free recall in a memory task. CONCLUSIONS Subliminal activation of a schematic representation of illness automatically activates behavioral manifestations of illness. (PsycINFO Database Record
Factors Predisposing to Maxillary Anchorage Loss: A Retrospective Study of 1403 Cases

Anchorage loss is very disturbing for orthodontists and patients during orthodontic treatment, which usually results in bad treatment effects. Despite the same treatment strategy, different patients show different tendencies toward anchorage loss, which influences the treatment results and should preferably be predicted before the treatment is begun. However, relatively little research has been conducted on which patients are more likely to lose anchorage. The mesial tipping of the first molar marks the onset of anchorage loss, and changes in the angulation of the first molar are closely related to anchorage loss. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine how the mesiodistal angulation of the upper first molars changes during general orthodontic treatment and to identify the individual physiologic factors leading to these changes in a large sample of 1403 patients with malocclusion. The data indicate that the upper first molars tend to be tipped mesially during orthodontic treatment, and this constitutes a type of anchorage loss that orthodontists should consider carefully. Compared to treatment-related factors, patients' physiologic characteristics have a greater influence on changes in the angulation of the upper first molars during orthodontic treatment. The more distally tipped the upper first molars are before treatment, the more they will tip mesially during treatment. Mesial tipping of the upper first molars, and therefore, anchorage loss, is more likely to occur in adolescents, males, patients with class II malocclusion and patients who have undergone maxillary premolar extraction. This finding is of clinical significance to orthodontists who wish to prevent iatrogenic anchorage loss by tipping originally distally tipped upper molars forward, and provides a new perspective on anchorage during orthodontic treatment planning.
Knowing What You Dont Know: Choosing the Right Chart to Show Data Distributions to Non-Expert Users

An ability to understand the outputs of data analysis is a key characteristic of data literacy and the inclusion of data visualisations is ubiquitous in the output of modern data analysis. Several aspects still remain unresolved, however, on the question of choosing data visualisations that lead viewers to an optimal interpretation of data, especially when audiences have differing degrees of data literacy. In this paper we describe a user study on perception from data visualisations, in which we measured the ability of participants to validate statements about the distributions of data samples visualised using different chart types. We find that histograms are the most suitable chart type for illustrating the distribution of values for a variable. We contrast our findings with previous research in the field, and posit three main issues identified from the study. Most notably, however, we show that viewers struggle to identify scenarios in which a chart simply does not contain enough information to validate a statement about the data that it represents. The results of our study emphasise the importance of using an understanding of the limits of viewers’ data literacy to design charts effectively, and we discuss factors that are crucial to this end.
65-GHz receiver in SiGe BiCMOS using monolithic inductors and transformers

This paper describes a single-chip 65-GHz SiGe BiCMOS radio receiver IC which includes an LNA, a transformer balun, a downconversion mixer, an IF amplifier, and a 65-GHz VCO. The single-ended downconversion gain is 21 dB with an input compression point of -22 dBm. The DSB receiver noise figure is a record 12 dB for IF frequencies in the 0 to 2 GHz range. By employing only transformers and inductors as matching elements, the die area, which includes all pads, is 790 /spl mu/m /spl times/ 740 /spl mu/m.
SEGEN: Sample-Ensemble Genetic Evolutional Network Model

Deep learning, a rebranding of deep neural network research works, has achieved remarkable success in recent years. With multiple hidden layers, deep learning models aim at computing hierarchical features or representations of the observational data. Meanwhile, due to its severe disadvantages in data consumption, computational resources, parameter tuning efforts and the lack of result explainability, deep learning has also suffered from lots of criticism. In this paper, we will introduce a new representation learning model, namely "Sample-Ensemble Genetic Evolutional Network" (SEGEN), which can serve as an alternative approach to deep learning models. Instead of building one single deep model, based on a set of sampled sub-instances, SEGEN adopts a genetic-evolutional learning strategy to build a group of unit models generations by generations. The unit models incorporated in SEGEN can be either traditional machine learning models or the recent deep learning models with a much "smaller" and "shallower" architecture. The learning results of each instance at the final generation will be effectively combined from each unit model via diffusive propagation and ensemble learning strategies. From the computational perspective, SEGEN requires far less data, fewer computational resources and parameter tuning works, but has sound theoretic interpretability of the learning process and results. Extensive experiments have been done on real-world network structured datasets, and the experimental results obtained by SEGEN have demonstrate its advantages over the other state-of-the-art representation learning models.
A Delay-Sensitive Multicast Protocol for Network Capacity Enhancement in Multirate MANETs

Due to significant advances in wireless modulation technologies, some MAC standards such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g can operate with multiple data rates for QoS-constrained multimedia communication to utilize the limited resources of MANETs more efficiently. In this paper, by means of measuring the busy/idle ratio of the shared radio channel, a method for estimating one-hop delay is first suggested. Then, by constructing a multicast tree, a delay-sensitive multicast protocol for real-time applications in multirate MANETs is proposed. In order to increase the network capacity, the proposed multicast protocol intends to minimize the sum of the total transmission time of the forwarders and the total blocking time of the blocked hosts, by taking the neighboring information of the forwarders into account and properly adjusting the data rates of the forwarders. Simulation results show that the proposed delay estimation method is more accurate, as compared with previous works. Besides, the proposed multicast protocol can induce higher network capacity, while satisfying the delay requirement.
Widespread temperature sensitivity and tRNA decay due to mutations in a yeast tRNA

Microorganisms have universally adapted their RNAs and proteins to survive at a broad range of temperatures and growth conditions. However, for RNAs, there is little quantitative understanding of the effects of mutations on function at high temperatures. To understand how variant tRNA function is affected by temperature change, we used the tRNA nonsense suppressor SUP4oc of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to perform a high-throughput quantitative screen of tRNA function at two different growth temperatures. This screen yielded comparative values for 9243 single and double variants. Surprisingly, despite the ability of S. cerevisiae to grow at temperatures as low as 15°C and as high as 39°C, the vast majority of variants that could be scored lost half or more of their function when evaluated at 37°C relative to 28°C. Moreover, temperature sensitivity of a tRNA variant was highly associated with its susceptibility to the rapid tRNA decay (RTD) pathway, implying that RTD is responsible for most of the loss of function of variants at higher temperature. Furthermore, RTD may also operate in a met22Δ strain, which was previously thought to fully inhibit RTD. Consistent with RTD acting to degrade destabilized tRNAs, the stability of a tRNA molecule can be used to predict temperature sensitivity with high confidence. These findings offer a new perspective on the stability of tRNA molecules and their quality control at high temperature.
Analysis of Heat Transfer through PVC Window Profile Reinforced with Ti6Al4V Alloy

This requires the use of additional reinforcement in order to prevent excessive or permanent deformation of PVC windows. In the paper particular attention was devoted to space located in a corrosive environment exposed to chemical agents. For this purpose, proposed to change the previously used steel profiles reinforcements made of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy corrosion-resistant in the air, at sea and many types of industrial atmosphere. Analysis of the thermal insulation properties of PVC windows with additional reinforcement of profile Ti6Al4V titanium alloy was performed. PVC window set in a layer of thermal insulation was analyzed. Research was conducted using Finite Element Analysis. Numerical models and thermal calculations were made in the program ADINA, assuming appropriate material parameters. The constant internal temperature of 20 ̊ and an outer-20 ̊ was assumed. The course of temperature distribution in baffle in time 24 hours and graphs of characteristic points was obtained. The time of in which followed the steady flow of heat, as well as the course of isotherm of characteristic temperature in the baffle was determined. On the basis of numerical analysis obtained vector distribution of heat flux q [W/m2] and was determined heat transfer coefficients U [W/m2K] for the whole window with titanium reinforcement . All results were compared with the model of PVC windows reinforced with steel profile.
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, executive functions and prefrontal brain oxygenation in children: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

ABSTRACT Despite accumulating evidence that regular exercise improves executive functioning, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms have rarely been investigated. The present study aimed to compare cognitive performance as well as task-specific concentration changes in oxygenated haemoglobin in the prefrontal cortex between children with higher and lower moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Physical activity was measured over 7 consecutive days using actigraphy. Afterwards, participants (N = 50) completed verbal fluency tests (VFTs) and mental arithmetic (MA) for the assessment of cognitive flexibility and working memory capacity. During the tasks, changes of oxygenated haemoglobin were measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Using average MVPA of 11-year-old children as cut-point, the sample was divided into children with lower and higher MVPA. Analyses of variance revealed no significant differences in correct and false responses on the cognitive tests between groups. With regard to oxygenated haemoglobin, no group differences were found for concentration changes in response to the cognitive tasks. In conclusion, VFTs and MA increased children’s activation in prefrontal regions associated with cognitive flexibility and working memory, respectively. However, these executive functions and cortical activation were not different between children with lower and higher MVPA.
Regulatory T Cells Contribute to HIV-1 Reservoir Persistence in CD4+ T Cells Through Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate–Dependent Mechanisms in Humanized Mice In Vivo

Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress T-cell immune activation and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, but the role of Tregs in HIV-1 reservoir persistence is poorly defined. Methods Tregs were depleted by denileukin diftitox in humanized mice with chronic HIV-1 infection. Viral replication in lineage cells was determined by p24 expression. Levels of HIV-1 RNA and DNA in human cells, as well as replication-competent-virus-producing cells, were measured to quantified viral replication and reservoirs. Results Treg depletion resulted in a blip of HIV-1 replication in T cells but not in myeloid cells. The major activated reservoir cells were memory CD4+ T cells in vivo. Interestingly, the transient activation of viral replication led to HIV-1 reservoir reduction after viremia resuppression, as indicated by the quantity of HIV-1 DNA and replication-competent-virus-producing cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Tregs use cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A pathway to inhibit HIV-1 activation and replication in resting conventional T cells in vitro. Conclusion Tregs suppress HIV-1 replication in T cells and contribute to HIV-1 reservoir persistence. cAMP produced in Tregs is involved in their suppression of viral gene activation and expression. Treg depletion combined with combination antiretroviral therapy provides a novel strategy for HIV-1 cure.
Mechanism of origin of complete hydatidiform moles

Complete or ‘true’ hydatidiform mole, an abnormality of human gestation, is characterized by hydropic degeneration of all placental villi, marked hypertrophy of the trophoblast, absence of a fetus and a propensity to become malignant. The chromosome constitution of complete moles is usually 46,XX1,2, and Kajii et al. reported that the entire genome in seven out of seven cases was paternal in origin, with all centromere markers homozygous for paternal heteromorphisms3. These observations, since confirmed4,5, can be explained by the fertilization of an ‘empty’ egg—no effective genome—by either a haploid sperm that then duplicates without cytokinesis, to restore the diploid number, or by a diploid sperm resulting from failure of the second meiotic division. We report here a study of a series of complete moles that shows the first alternative to be correct in the majority of cases.
Conditioned medium from the three-dimensional culture of human umbilical cord perivascular cells accelerate the migration and proliferation of human keratinocyte and fibroblast

Abstract Previous studies have reported that the conditioned medium (CM) of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) stimulate the migration and proliferation of cell types involved in the wound healing process. However, these studies only show MSC-CM effects that were obtained using a two-dimensional (2D) culture. Recently, a three-dimensional (3D) culture has been considered to be a more physiologically appropriate system than the 2D culture. In addition, it has been shown that the procurement of BM-MSC is invasive, and other sources of MSC are thus being explored. Recently, perivascular cells (PVCs) have been considered as an alternative source of cells for dermal wound healing. Therefore, in this study, a PVC-conditioned medium (CM) was collected from a 3D culture (PVC-CM-3D) using highly porous polystyrene-based membranes and compared with PVC-CM from a 2D culture (PVC-CM-2D) to investigate the effects on the migration and proliferation of human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Moreover, the PVC-CM components from the 2D and 3D cultures were identified using 2D gel electrophoresis. The migrations of the keratinocytes cells and fibroblasts were significantly higher with PVC-CM-3D than with the 2D culture; similarly, the proliferation of keratinocytes was also highly stimulated by PVC-CM-3D. Proteomic analyses of the PVC-CM revealed that type I collagen was highly expressed in the 3D-culture system. Microtubule-actin cross-linked factor 1 (KIAA0465), nebulin-related anchoring protein, and thioredoxin were specifically expressed only in PVC-CM-3D. In addition, more EVs could be isolated from the PVC-CM-3D, and EVs were found to stimulate keratinocyte migration. Taken together, 3D-culture using a polystyrene scaffold is demonstrated to be a better system for providing better physiological conditions; therefore, PVC-CM-3D could be a promising option for skin-wound healing.
Creep and fracture of self-consolidating concrete incorporating fly ash

Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a relatively new type of concrete that has the ability to flow under its own weight such that it can pass through tightly spaced reinforcement and fill corners of molds without the use of mechanical vibration. Due to the favorable plastic properties of SCC, there has been an increased interest in using SCC in precast and pre-stressed bridges. However, SCC achieves this flowability by reducing the maximum aggregate size in the concrete mix, significantly increasing the volume of the cement paste and incorporating large content of powder fillers. This mix design of SCC was hypothesized to affect two critical criteria for concrete used in bridges: creep and crack propagation. Therefore, this study is focused on investigating creep and fracture toughness of SCC. Furthermore, we compare creep and fracture toughness of SCC with that of normal vibrated concrete (NVC) typically used in bridge applications in New Mexico. Five different SCC mixes were designed using two different New Mexico aggregate sources and varying amounts of fly ash ranging from 20-40% by weight of Portland cement. Two NVC mixes using the same local aggregate were produced for comparison.
SAR Automatic Target Recognition Based on Multiview Deep Learning Framework

It is a feasible and promising way to utilize deep neural networks to learn and extract valuable features from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images for SAR automatic target recognition (ATR). However, it is too difficult to effectively train the deep neural networks with limited raw SAR images. In this paper, we propose a new approach to do SAR ATR, in which a multiview deep learning framework was employed. Based on the multiview SAR ATR pattern, we first present a flexible mean to generate adequate multiview SAR data, which can guarantee a large amount of inputs for network training without needing many raw SAR images. Then, a unique deep convolutional neural network containing a parallel network topology with multiple inputs is adopted. The features of input SAR images from different views will be learned by the proposed network layer by layer; meanwhile, the learned features from the distinct views are fused in different layers progressively. Therefore, the proposed framework is able to achieve a superior recognition performance, and requires only a small number of raw SAR images for network training samples generation. Experimental results have shown the superiority of the proposed framework based on the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition data set.
Experimental Investigation and Modeling of a New High Speed Coating Process

Abstract Health regulations are becoming increasingly restrictive which leads to develop solvent free laminating processes. Hot melt adhesives represent an interesting solution to bond two pre-printed substrates of polymer for packaging applications for example, but their high viscosities require extruding the polymer formulation through important die gaps (between 0.5 mm and 1 mm) in order to limit the extrusion pressure. Thus, delivering a final very thin layer of hot melt (a few μm) between the polymer substrates requires applying very high draw ratios between the die and the contact point on the substrate. These high draw ratios would result in marked thickness and width instabilities (called draw resonance) when using usual stretching distances as in cast film (a few cm) or in coating thermoplastic layers on a metal or paper substrate (more than 10 cm). Surprisingly, reducing drastically the stretching distance (around 1 mm) and applying a differential pressure between the two sides of the melt allow postponing the instability occurrence. Nevertheless the processing window is narrow and the objective of the present paper is to describe the cotformatating process developed at Bostik Company, to characterize the drawing instabilities and to investigate the influence of different processing parameters. In addition, a numerical model explaining these surprising stabilizing conditions is proposed. This model results in the definition of a high speed coating processing window.