Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Illness perceptions and mood states are associated with injury-related outcomes in athletes

Background. Athletes have to cope adequately with the consequences of their injury in order to return into sports as soon as possible. Besides the physical characteristics of the injury, illness perceptions and emotional responses impact the behavioural responses to the injury. Purpose. To apply Leventhal's Common Sense Model as a theoretical framework in the field of sports medicine, pertaining to injured athletes. Methods. In a sample of 95 injured athletes participating in different sports, sociodemographic, injury and sport-related characteristics, the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised-Sports (IPQ-R-S) and the Profile Of Mood States were assessed. Results. Injured athletes' most experienced symptoms were pain (82%) and loss of strength (50%), associated with a high controllability; they see their injury as not chronic, with minor consequences for daily life and minor emotional consequences. Athletes with an injury of longer duration have minor psychological attributions, 28% suffer from fatigue, which is strongly related to a negative mood state. Conclusions. Illness perceptions and mood states are related to injury characteristics. Clinicians ought to incorporate patients' views about their injuries into their treatment in order to increase the concordance between patient's and clinician's perceptions, thereby increasing chances of a quick and uneventful recovery.
OPERATIONAL TRENDS OF A MINI PARABOLIC SOLAR COLLECTOR FOR AGRICULTURAL PURPOSES IN A NON-ACTIVE SOLAR ENVIRONMENT

The mode of operation of mini parabolic solar panels made of germanium, mild steel and aluminium were investigated experimentally, as means of providing heated water on a farmland; the process was also modelled. Angular adjustments of the solar collectors from 70-90o were adopted in order to determine, the best material of construction for the parabolic solar collector and the angular orientation with the highest heat collection tendency and absorption rate. The highest quantity of adsorbed heat/best heating effect of the solar collector was obtained at an angular orientation of 80o for mild steel and aluminium. It was also observed that, the parabolic solar collectors have their optimum exposure times, after which, the heating rate drops or there is loss of heat from its surface. The experimental and model estimates, in terms of heat absorption for the mild steel solar collector at 70 and 90o angular tilts, shows that, the optimum heating time was 40 minutes while at 80o, the optimum heating time was found to be 50 minutes.
Effect of GaN Channel Layer Thickness on DC and RF Performance of GaN HEMTs With Composite AlGaN/GaN Buffer

The effects of GaN channel layer thickness on dc and RF performance of AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with a state-of-the-art composite AlGaN/GaN (1/1 μm) buffer were systematically investigated. Although HEMTs with a thick GaN channel layer exhibit slight degraded dc and RF small-signal performance associated with short-channel effects, they demonstrate significantly enhanced OFF-state breakdown voltage and RF large-signal performance. The 1-mm HEMTs with a 150-nm-thick GaN channel layer feature a 1.4 dB higher saturated POUT and about 10% higher PAE than that with a 50-nm-thick GaN channel layer, in both Classes AB and B operation conditions. Pulse I-V characterization reveals that the buffer-related current collapse is also suppressed in the thick GaN channel sample as compared with the thin one, suggesting that a thick GaN channel layer will not only reduces the deep traps in the channel, but also reduces the electron capture probability by deep traps in the composite AlGaN/GaN buffer. The selection of a proper GaN channel layer thickness is thus of great importance to the designation of GaN-based power amplifiers for various applications.
Sequence analysis of the genome of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803. II. Sequence determination of the entire genome and assignment of potential protein-coding regions (supplement).

The sequence determination of the entire genome of the Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 was completed. The total length of the genome finally confirmed was 3,573,470 bp, including the previously reported sequence of 1,003,450 bp from map position 64% to 92% of the genome. The entire sequence was assembled from the sequences of the physical map-based contigs of cosmid clones and of lambda clones and long PCR products which were used for gap-filling. The accuracy of the sequence was guaranteed by analysis of both strands of DNA through the entire genome. The authenticity of the assembled sequence was supported by restriction analysis of long PCR products, which were directly amplified from the genomic DNA using the assembled sequence data. To predict the potential protein-coding regions, analysis of open reading frames (ORFs), analysis by the GeneMark program and similarity search to databases were performed. As a result, a total of 3,168 potential protein genes were assigned on the genome, in which 145 (4.6%) were identical to reported genes and 1,257 (39.6%) and 340 (10.8%) showed similarity to reported and hypothetical genes, respectively. The remaining 1,426 (45.0%) had no apparent similarity to any genes in databases. Among the potential protein genes assigned, 128 were related to the genes participating in photosynthetic reactions. The sum of the sequences coding for potential protein genes occupies 87% of the genome length. By adding rRNA and tRNA genes, therefore, the genome has a very compact arrangement of protein- and RNA-coding regions. A notable feature on the gene organization of the genome was that 99 ORFs, which showed similarity to transposase genes and could be classified into 6 groups, were found spread all over the genome, and at least 26 of them appeared to remain intact. The result implies that rearrangement of the genome occurred frequently during and after establishment of this species.
A ZCS Isolated Full-Bridge Boost Converter with Multiple Inputs

A modular-based, zero-current-switched (ZCS), isolated full-bridge boost converter with multiple inputs is presented. By connecting a simple auxiliary circuit, between the full-bridge input and the input choke, in each module, the transformer leakage inductance and output capacitance of the switching devices are used to create a quasi-resonant path for facilitating ZCS of all full-bridge switching devices. The operation of the auxiliary circuit integrates into the FB circuit and each auxiliary circuit operates independently among the modules. Thus, the operation of the multiple-input structure will not be affected by the newly added auxiliary circuits, but, at the same time, all switches become zero-current-switched. A 290 W prototype with two input voltages of 5 V and 12 V has been tested and built. Theoretical predictions are verified with the experimental measurement results. The effectiveness of the proposed auxiliary circuit on improving the conversion efficiency is studied.
GestureDrawer: one-handed interaction technique for spatial user-defined imaginary interfaces

Existing empty-handed mid-air interaction techniques for system control are typically limited to a confined gesture set or point-and-select on graphical user interfaces. In this paper, we introduce GestureDrawer, a one-handed interaction with a 3D imaginary interface. Our approach allows users to self-define an imaginary interface, acquire visuospatial memory of the position of its controls in empty space and enables them to select or manipulate those controls by moving their hand in all three dimensions. We evaluate our approach with three user studies and demonstrate that users can indeed position imaginary controls in 3D empty space and select them with an accuracy of 93% without receiving any feedback and without fixed landmarks (e.g. second hand). Further, we show that imaginary interaction is generally faster than mid-air interaction with graphical user interfaces, and that users can retrieve the position of their imaginary controls even after a proprioception disturbance. We condense our findings into several design recommendations and present automotive applications.
Diabetes and serum ferritin concentration among U.S. adults.

OBJECTIVE We examined the association between serum ferritin concentration and the risk of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined the cross-sectional associations among ferritin concentration, glucose tolerance status, and concentrations of insulin, glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin in 9,486 U.S. adults aged > or = 20 years from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994). RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, education, BMI, alcohol consumption, alanine aminotransferase concentration, C-reactive protein concentration, and examination session attended, and after dichotomizing ferritin concentration into < 300 and > or = 300 micrograms/l for men and < 150 and > or = 150 micrograms/l for women, the odds ratios for newly diagnosed diabetes were 4.94 (95% CI 3.05-8.01) for men and 3.61 (2.01-6.48) for women. The increased risk of newly diagnosed diabetes was concentrated among participants with transferrin saturations < 45%. All multiple linear regression coefficients between ferritin concentration and concentrations of insulin, glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin were positive and significant for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum ferritin concentration was associated with an increased risk of diabetes. We were unable to eliminate conclusively the possibility that the observed association reflected inflammation rather than excess body iron stores.
Nitric oxide and cGMP induce COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in human granulosa cells through CREB signaling pathway.

CONTEXT It is well known that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its major derivative product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play key regulatory roles in the ovulation process. Animal studies have demonstrated that the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) suppresses ovarian PGE2 production and ovulation. Although the expression of NO synthases has been detected in human granulosa cells, the effect of NO on COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in these cells remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of NO on COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in human granulosa cells. DESIGN SVOG cells are human granulosa cells that were obtained from women undergoing in vitro fertilization and immortalized with simian virus 40 large T antigen. SVOG cells were used to investigate the effects of NO on COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. SETTING The study was conducted in an academic research center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The levels of mRNA and protein were examined by RT-quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The accumulation levels of PGE2 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Treatment with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. In addition, the stimulatory effect of SNAP on COX-2 and PGE2 was mimicked by treatment with the cGMP analog 8-bromo-cGMP (8-Br-cGMP). Interestingly, neither SNAP nor 8-Br-cGMP affected the expression of COX-1. Moreover, our results showed that either SNAP or 8-Br-cGMP activated cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling and that the knockdown of CREB attenuated SNAP- and 8-Br-cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. CONCLUSION CREB mediates NO and cGMP-induced COX-2 expression and PGE2 production, which subsequently contribute to NO-regulated ovulation in human granulosa cells.
Orderly change in a stable world: the antisocial trait as a chimera.

Children's traits, such as antisocial behavior, are embedded in a matrix that is changing over time. Although the trait score is stable, there are changes in the form of antisocial acts. There can also be subgroups of boys who show systematic increases in mean level of antisocial behavior. Latent growth models were used to demonstrate both changes in form and systematic changes in mean level for a subgroup of boys. The analyses included measures of covariates that were thought necessary to cause these changes. There are also qualitative changes brought about by the presence of the antisocial trait itself (e.g., academic failure, peer rejection, and depressed mood). Factor analyses carried out at three ages showed that, over time, both the changes in form and the addition of new problems are quantifiable and thus represent orderly change.
Players Clustering Based on Graph Theory for Tactics Analysis Purpose in Soccer Videos

In this paper, a new method for clustering of players in order to analyze games in soccer videos is proposed. The proposed method classifies players who are closely related in terms of soccer tactics into one group. Considering soccer tactics, the players in one group are located near each other. For this reason, the Euclidean distance between the players is an effective measurement for the clustering of players. However, the distance is not sufficient to extract tactics-based groups. Therefore, we utilize a modified version of the community extraction method, which finds community structure by dividing a non-directed graph. The use of this method in addition to the distance enables accurate clustering of players.
Pharmacological and kinetic properties of alpha 4 beta 2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes.

1. Co‐injection of RNA synthesized from cloned neuronal acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits (alpha 4 and beta 2) in Xenopus oocytes produced functional receptors. In macroscopic voltage‐clamp experiments, the agonist‐induced current exhibited a strong inward rectification. 2. Voltage jumps from +50 mV to more negative potentials produced relaxations of the agonist‐induced current with a single exponential time course. The relaxation rate constant was only weakly voltage dependent. 3. At the single‐channel level, three conductances were recorded of 12, 22 and 34 pS. Their burst durations were similar and varied only weakly with voltage (e‐fold for 120 to 370 mV), consistent with the poorly voltage‐dependent relaxation rate constants. However, the burst durations were less than 10 ms, or less than 1/5 the value expected from voltage‐jump relaxations. 4. Hexamethonium (Hex, 0.5 to 8 microM) inhibited the agonist‐induced current and produced voltage‐jump relaxations characterized by a rapid conductance increase and a slower conductance decrease. Analysis of these relaxations suggested that the Hex‐receptor interaction is open‐channel blockade characterized by a forward binding rate of 1 x 10(7) M‐1 s‐1 and a dissociation rate constant of about 25 s‐1. 5. For the relaxations produced by QX222, the slowest phase was a conductance increase, suggesting that the dissociation rate constant for QX222 is 10‐30‐fold greater than for Hex. 6. Hex but not QX222 produced an additional use‐dependent blockade that was manifest during repetitive hyperpolarizing pulses. 7. With mouse muscle ACh receptors expressed in oocytes, the blockade by Hex did not depend strongly on voltage. Neither Hex nor QX222 produced appreciable use‐dependent block on muscle ACh receptors. 8. Of the four conditions studied (neuronal and muscle receptors, Hex and QX222), only the blockade of the neuronal AChR by Hex is characterized by a residence time longer than the normal open time. 9. It is concluded that the modest differences in primary amino acid sequence between muscle and neuronal receptors lead to profound changes in their interactions with channels blockers.
Medicaid Prior Authorization and Controlled-Release Oxycodone

Background: Since its introduction in 1996, controlled-release (CR) oxycodone use has increased steadily despite its high cost. To control use and expenditures, many Medicaid programs have implemented CR oxycodone prior authorization (PA) policies. Few studies evaluate Medicaid policies or compare lenient and strict policies in multiple states. Objective: To estimate the impact of PA on CR oxycodone use by Medicaid beneficiaries. Design: Secondary data analysis of 50 states’ aggregate Medicaid prescription dispensing records,1996–2005. PA details were systematically collected. Regression and random effects meta-analyses estimated impact of strict and lenient PA policies on CR oxycodone use and expenditures. Measures: Change in rate of CR oxycodone use, proportion of long-acting opiates accounted for by CR oxycodone and average long-acting opiate dose expenditure. Results: In 2004, CR oxycodone accounted for 12.4% of all opiates and 32.2% of long-acting opiates dispensed to Medicaid beneficiaries. Over the study period its use increased, on average, 109% annually, and 21 states implemented PA. PA was associated with state-specific use changes ranging from −76% to 9%. In aggregate, PA was associated with a nonsignificant decrease in CR oxycodone use, a significant 8% decrease in CR oxycodone as a proportion of long-acting opiate doses, and a small but significant change of −$0.31 in average cost per long-acting opiate dose. Strict policies were associated with greater changes. Conclusions: PA impact varied by state and was less dramatic than previously described Medicaid PA effects, suggesting CR oxycodone is relatively refractory to PA. A refined measure of such policies is needed to identify effective prescription management strategies.
Attitudes toward climate change mitigation policies: a review of measures and a construct of policy attitudes

ABSTRACT Research on policy support or public acceptability of climate change policies is proliferating. There is, however, a great diversity in how these evaluative responses have been defined, operationalized, and measured across studies. In order to shed some light on this subject, we reviewed 118 studies published over the last 15 years aiming at measurement of policy acceptability, acceptance, support, and other responses to climate change mitigation policies. We found that conceptual vagueness and weak theoretical embedding are pervasive in the field, which leads to uncertainty over what is being measured, ambiguity of policy recommendations, and difficulties in comparing empirical results. In response, we propose a construct of policy attitudes as an overarching concept comprising the diversity of measures and constructs already in use. The purpose of the construct is to serve as a common basis for operationalization and survey design. In order to inform policy makers, researchers should be clear in how they formulate surveys with a focus on questions of importance to research and policy-making. Key policy insights Acceptability, acceptance, and support are defined as distinct and possibly empirically distinguishable classes of responses evaluating a policy proposal. These responses are expressions of underlying policy attitudes. People may respond to policies in other ways as well, including lack of interest. There is no popularity threshold for a policy to be safe to implement, but instead it is a matter of identifying the conditions of policy support or other responses. Results obtained using different measures of mitigation policy attitudes vary widely with respect to the characteristics of the policy in question and the measured response. Thus, great care must be taken when designing surveys and interpreting their results.
Stone Age babies in cyberspace

The increasing use of computers and robots at the work place and in peoples' personal lives, paralleled with their portrayal, interpretation and representation in the media and popular culture, has in recent years raised general awareness of some issues previously of interest mainly to philosophers of mind and consciousness. Various issues of artificial intelligence and its computational metaphors are also of more specialised relevance for information scien tists, due to their bases in such things as: languages and vocabularies; categorisation and classification, and the logic of information acquisition, storage and retrieval. It may be the case that the more general acceptance of some of these ideas about human consciousness may be part of a shift in world view comparable to long-term historical precedents such as heliocentrism and natural evolution, both in the way they were initially seen to lessen humanity, and in the ways they were initially opposed and resisted.
Existence of C ˛ solutions to integro-PDEs

This paper is concerned with existence of a C α viscosity solution of a second order non-translation invariant integro-PDE. We ﬁrst obtain a weak Harnack inequality for such integro-PDE. We then use the weak Harnack inequality to prove Hölder regularity and existence of solutions of the integro-PDEs
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Decreases the Level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the Cardiac Tissue of Experimental Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed with Heated Palm Oil

Heating of edible oils maybe harmful for human consumption. However, with the advent of newer oils like virgin coconut oil, it is interesting to observe the effects of the oil on inflammatory markers associated with cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of virgin coconut oil on the malondialdehyde level in the heart tissue of rats fed with heated palm oil. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats (200- 280 g) were equally assigned into four groups and fed as follows: Control-group with normal rat chow; VCO-group with rat chow and supplemented with 1.43ml/kg body weight of VCO; Five times heated palm oil (5HPO)-group with rat chow fortified with 15% weight/weight (w/w) of 5HPO; and 5HPO + VCO-group with rat chow fortified with 15% w/w of 5HPO plus 1.43ml/kg body weight of VCO simultaneoulsy. The treatment duration continued for four months. Thereafter, the thirty two rats were sacrificed and heart tissues were harvested for biochemical analyses. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in peroxide value in the VCO. The MDA level in the VCO and 5HPO+VCO groups was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the 5HPO group. In conclusion, VCO supplementation reduced the oxidative stress as depicted with decrease in peroxide value and MDA level. 