Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting word choice in affective text†

Abstract Choosing the best word or phrase for a given context from among the candidate near-synonyms, such as slim and skinny, is a difficult language generation problem. In this paper, we describe approaches to solving an instance of this problem, the lexical gap problem, with a particular focus on affect and subjectivity; to do this we draw upon techniques from the sentiment and subjectivity analysis fields. We present a supervised approach to this problem, initially with a unigram model that solidly outperforms the baseline, with a 6.8% increase in accuracy. The results to some extent confirm those from related problems, where feature presence outperforms feature frequency, and immediate context features generally outperform wider context features. However, this latter is somewhat surprisingly not always the case, and not necessarily where intuition might first suggest; and an analysis of where document-level models are in some cases better suggested that, in our corpus, broader features related to the ‘tone’ of the document could be useful, including document sentiment, document author, and a distance metric for weighting the wider lexical context of the gap itself. From these, our best model has a 10.1% increase in accuracy, corresponding to a 38% reduction in errors. Moreover, our models do not just improve accuracy on affective word choice, but on non-affective word choice also.
Microinjection of transforming ras protein induces c-fos expression

Microinjection of p21ras induced c-fos protein accumulation in three types of 3T3 cells. The induction was rapid and efficient and persisted for many hours. In addition, anti-ras antibody dramatically reduced c-fos accumulation after serum stimulation of injected cells. However, cells which expressed p21ras continuously did not maintain a high level of c-fos expression.
Examining the renewable energy consumption-economic growth nexus in sub-Saharan African countries

Given the role renewable energy is likely to play in the context of sustainable development, it is important to understand the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth. Therefore, this paper examines the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in a panel of sub-Saharan Africa countries from 1990-2011. Using a production function framework, the dependent variable is real GDP while the independent variables include renewable energy consumption, capital, and labor. The panel cointegration and Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) results indicate the existence of a long-run and statistically significant relationship between real GDP and the independent variables. The results from the Granger Causality tests indicate unidirectional causality running from GDP to renewable energy consumption in the long-run.
Novel Ways to Estimate Homography from Local Affine Transformations

State-of-the-art 3D reconstruction methods usually apply point correspondences in order to compute the 3D geometry of objects represented by dense point clouds. However, objects with relatively large and flat surfaces can be most accurately reconstructed if the homographies between the corresponding patches are known. Here we show how the homography between patches on a stereo image pair can be estimated. We discuss that these proposed estimators are more accurate than the widely used point correspondence-based techniques because the latter ones only consider the last column (the translation) of the affine transformations, whereas the new algorithms use all the affine parameters. Moreover, we prove that affine-invariance is equivalent to perspectiveinvariance in the case of known epipolar geometry. Three homography estimators are proposed. The first one calculates the homography if at least two point correspondences and the related affine transformations are known. The second one computes the homography from only one point pair, if the epipolar geometry is estimated beforehand. These methods are solved by linearization of the original equations, and the refinements can be carried out by numerical optimization. Finally, a hybrid homography estimator is proposed that uses both point correspondences and photo-consistency between the patches. The presented methods have been quantitatively validated on synthesized tests. We also show that the proposed methods are applicable to realworld images as well, and they perform better than the state-of-the-art point correspondence-based techniques.
Scalable Algorithm for Higher-Order Co-Clustering via Random Sampling

We propose a scalable and efficient algorithm for coclustering a higher-order tensor. Viewing tensors with hypergraphs, we propose formulating the co-clustering of a tensor as a problem of partitioning the corresponding hypergraph. Our algorithm is based on the random sampling technique, which has been successfully applied to graph cut problems. We extend a random sampling algorithm for the graph multiwaycut problem to hypergraphs, and design a co-clustering algorithm based on it. Each iteration of our algorithm runs in polynomial on the size of hypergraphs, and thus it performs well even for higher-order tensors, which are difficult to deal with for state-of-the-art algorithm.
Mobile Manipulation, Tool Use, and Intuitive Interaction for Cognitive Service Robot Cosero

Cognitive service robots that shall assist persons in need in performing their activities of daily living have recently received much attention in robotics research. Such robots require a vast set of control and perception capabilities to provide useful assistance through mobile manipulation and human-robot interaction. In this article, we present hardware design, perception, and control methods for our cognitive service robot Cosero. We complement autonomous capabilities with handheld teleoperation interfaces on three levels of autonomy. The robot demonstrated various advanced skills, including the use of tools. With our robot we participated in the annual international RoboCup@Home competitions, winning them three times in a row.
Using patient-identifiable data for observational research and audit

Across the world rapid changes in the law, technology, and society are reshaping the way identifiable information about patients is handled. In Britain, doctors' longstanding common law duty of confidentiality to their patients has been supplemented by restrictions on processing electronic and paper based records in the Data Protection Act 1998, which came into force on 1 March 2000. This month the United Kingdom's Medical Research Council (MRC) is the latest of several professional organisations to respond to these developments by updating its guidance on confidentiality and the use of personal information (see table on BMJ 's website). 1-4 The MRC has provided invaluable, balanced guidance but there is still a real risk that strict and selective application of the other directives could jeopardise audit, clinical governance, and observational epidemiological research. This would compromise patient care and the public interest. Britain has long had the opportunity for high quality observational epidemiology and health services research, using unselected samples of routinely collected data from hospital and general practitioner databases. Important advances in our understanding of aetiology, risk factors, and prognosis have been made through the use of population surveillance, disease registries, longitudinal cohorts, and case-control studies. These have inevitably involved using data about large numbers of people, sometimes without their consent. To our …
A Comparison of Depodur™, a Novel, Single-Dose Extended-Release Epidural Morphine, with Standard Epidural Morphine for Pain Relief After Lower Abdominal Surgery

In this randomized, controlled, dose-ranging study, we evaluated the analgesic efficacy of a novel single-dose extended-release epidural morphine (Depodur™) in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery. Five-hundred-forty-one patients were randomly assigned to one of six epidural treatments administered approximately 30 min before surgery. The 6 treatments were 5 mg of standard epidural morphine sulfate (MS) (active comparator); 5 mg of single-dose extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) (dose control); and 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg of single-dose EREM. The main study objective was to assess the efficacy of single-dose EREM 10, 15, 20, or 25 mg versus single-dose EREM 5 mg for the management of postoperative pain. This was done by plotting a linear dose-response relationship to assess postoperative IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) fentanyl consumption for breakthrough pain for 48 h after surgery. Secondary safety and efficacy analyses compared the 10-, 15-, 20-, and 25-mg single-dose EREM groups with the 5-mg single-dose EREM group and compared each single-dose EREM group with 5 mg of MS. As shown by the dose-response relationship, there was a dose-related reduction in the use of postoperative IV fentanyl through 48 h (estimated slope, −22.2; P = 0.0002). Patients treated with 10, 20, and 25 mg of single-dose EREM used significantly less IV fentanyl (mean ± sd: 995 ± 987 &mgr;g, P = 0.0446; 972 ± 982 &mgr;g, P = 0.0221; and 683 ± 620 &mgr;g, P < 0.0001, respectively) through 48 h after surgery compared with the 5-mg single-dose EREM group (1218 ± 894 &mgr;g). At 48 h postdose, significantly more single-dose EREM patients (13%) than MS patients (2%) had required no IV fentanyl (P < 0.01). Although all treatment groups had access to PCA fentanyl and there was more frequent PCA fentanyl use in the MS group, patients in the single-dose EREM 15, 20, and 25 mg groups reported significantly lower pain-intensity scores and greater satisfaction with their pain relief. Overall, single-dose EREM was well tolerated, with 97% of adverse events rated as mild to moderate. As expected, the adverse events reported were consistent with those of other epidural opioids (i.e., nausea, vomiting, pruritus, and hypotension). In conclusion, this controlled study demonstrated that single-dose EREM can provide up to 48 h of postoperative analgesia, but supplementation for breakthrough pain is still required in most patients. Within the context of this study, the side effect profile of single-dose EREM was acceptable and predictable.
In vitro and in vivo three-dimensional velocity vector measurement by three-beam spectral-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography

Abstract. We developed a three-beam Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT) system that enables measurement of the velocity vector of moving particles in three-dimensions (3-D). The spatial orientation as well as the magnitude of motion can be determined without prior knowledge of the geometry of motion. The system combines three spectral-domain OCT interferometers whose sample beams are focused at the sample by a common focusing lens at three different angles. This provides three spatially independent velocity components simultaneously from which the velocity vector can be reconstructed. We demonstrate the system in a simple test object (rotating disc), a flow phantom, and for blood flow measurements in the retina of a healthy human subject. Measurements of blood flow at a venous bifurcation achieve a good agreement between in- and outflow and demonstrate the reliability of the method.
Use of molecular haplotypes specific for the human pro alpha 2(I) collagen gene in linkage analysis of the mild autosomal dominant forms of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Autosomal dominant osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous group of disorders. Molecular haplotypes associated with the pro alpha 2(I) gene of human type I procollagen were used for genetic linkage studies in a group of 10 families with OI. The clinical phenotypes of the families studied were those of OI type I and OI type IV. Evidence for linkage was highly suggestive in the four families with OI type IV (Z = 3.91 for theta = 0). In contrast, little or no indication for linkage was found in the six families with OI type I (Z = .055 for theta = .415). Heterogeneity between the two groups of families was highly significant (chi 2 = 11.14, P = .0008), suggesting that at least two separate gene defects may be the cause of the autosomal dominant forms of OI.
Effect of vitamin B12 in vitro on incorporation of nucleic acid precursors by pernicious anemia bone marrow.

Glaser and associates ( 1 ) reported that the ratios RNAto DNAand uracil to thymine were about 2.5 times higher in bone marrow from pernicious anemia (PA) patients before treatment than in bone marrow from normal subjects. Clinical cures caused these ratios to return to normal. Beck (2) has reviewed the evidence that the major consequence of vitamin B12 deficiency is impaired deoxyribonucleotide synthesis, resulting in retardation of DNA synthesis and cell division. He suggests that the megaloblast of vitamin B,2 deficiency is in a state of "unbalanced growth" that is analogous to the filamentous forms of Lactobacillus leichmannii produced by vitamin B,2 or deoxyribonucleoside starvation. However, observations of the effect of vitamin B12 on morphology of megaloblasts in suspension cultures have been contradictory. At least five studies reported no effect, whereas two investigators found some replacement by normoblastic cells (3). Two investigations have tested the effect of vitamin B12 in vitro on DNA synthesis by PA bone marrow. Thomas and Lochte (4) measured the incorporation of radioactive formate by PA marrows incubated for 5 and 10 hours in PA serum with and without added B12. Specific activities of DNA thymine were 1.3 to 2.7 times higher with B12. Lessner and Friedkin (5), on the contrary, were unable to demonstrate a reproducible effect of B12 on incorporation of deoxyuridine-2-C14 by washed cell suspensions from B,2deficient megaloblastic marrows incubated for 3 hours. The availability of a number of patients with untreated pernicious anemia prompted us to extend these studies to the use of radioactive precursors of both DNAand RNAand of both py-
Effect of malaria infection on oxidative stress and lipid profile in pregnant women

This study assessed the effect of malaria infection on oxidative stress and lipid profiles in pregnant women. One hundred and fourteen pregnant women were enrolled and they were grouped according to their gravidity. Blood samples were collected to determine serum lipid profile status and malaria parasite count of the individuals. The mean parasite density was significantly higher (P<0.05) in primigravidae than multigravidae. Mean low density lipoprotein (LDL) level was significantly higher (p<0.05) in malaria positive than in malaria negative women. Mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol levels were higher in malaria negative than in malaria positive. There was a significant increase in triglyceride level in malaria positive pregnant women. The mean Total cholesterol level was significantly higher (P<0.05) in malaria positive primigravidae than in multigravidae. There was increase in the mean triglyceride in malaria positive multigravidae as compared to malaria positive secungravidae. While the MDA level was significantly lower in malaria positive multigravidae than in malaria positive primigravidae and secungravidae, there was significant increase in catalase level. This study showed that the increase in LDL and decrease in the HDL levels in malaria positive pregnant women and primigravidae could expose them to atherosclerosis.
Intense violet-blue-emitting Ba(2)AlB(4)O(9)Cl:Eu(2+) phosphors for applications in fluorescent lamps and ultraviolet-light-emitting diodes.

We synthesized a violet-blue phosphor Ba(2)AlB(4)O(9)Cl:Eu(2+) with a solid-state reaction. The excitation and emission spectra of this phosphor showed that all were broadband due to 4f(7)-4f(6)d(1) transitions of Eu(2+). The phosphors with different Eu(2+) concentrations presented violet-blue luminescence for ultraviolet [(UV) 250-390nm] excitation. The optimum concentration of Eu(2+) in Ba(2)AlB(4)O(9)Cl:Eu(2+) is determined to be 6mol. %. The luminous efficiency was found to be 8.1lm/W for the violet-blue fluorescent lamp and 3.2lm/W for the violet-blue phosphor-converted light-emitting diode, respectively. Ba(2)AlB(4)O(9)Cl:Eu(2+) would be a promising phosphor for converting the UV radiation to violet-blue emission for a novel high light-conversion efficiency phototherapy illuminator.
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas: Summary of the Mycosis Fungoides Cooperative Group-National Cancer Institute Workshop

The Workshop on Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas (CTCL), sponsored by the Mycosis Fungoides Cooperative Group (MFCG) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and chaired by the authors, was held Oct 20 to 21, 1978, in Bethesda, Md. The purposes of the workshop were to review developments in the biology of T cells and CTCL and to develop a consensus on the pathology, classification and staging, and therapy of mycosis fungoides (MF). The workshop was attended by 63 invited physicians and scientists from the United States, Canada, Denmark, England, France, and Israel. Sections and chairmen were as follows: Pathology: Elson B. Helwig, MD (Air Force Institute of Pathology [AFIP]); T-Cell Biology: Thomas C. Waldmann, MD (NCI); Therapy: Ervin Epstein, Jr, MD (University of California at San Francisco), and Eli Glatstein, MD (NCI); and Large Trials: Franco Muggia, MD (NCI). Full proceedings of this workshop are published in Cancer Treatment Reports (April 1979).
MAP MATCHING BASED ON PARACONSISTENT ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

This paper presents a new method for matching metric maps generated by mobile robots that act cooperatively. This process of information matching makes it possible to perform global map generation from local maps (possibly partial and nonconsistent) provided by individual robots. The proposed method is based on a paraconsistent artificial neural network model that considers as input data the Euclidean distances between the points from each one of the partial maps. The use of this kind of input information makes the individual maps invariant with respect to relative rotation and translation among the robots in the mapping environment. The neural network then analyzes these distances to determine what are the matching belief relations among the points of the distinct maps. The algorithm implemented for the neural architecture achieved good results with very satisfactory computational performance, and made it possible to determine the certainty and contradiction degress in the map point matching analysis. The results show that the proposed approach is robust for the cases were it was applied. Equally important is the fact that the considered architecture allows for the combination of information from partial maps acquired in execution time during navigation.
Transport-driven Scrape-Off-Layer flows and the boundary conditions imposed at the magnetic separatrix in a tokamak plasma

Plasma profiles and flows in the low- and high-field side scrape-off-layer (SOL) regions in Alcator C-Mod are found to be remarkably sensitive to magnetic separatrix topologies (upper-, lower- and double-null) and to impose topology-dependent flow boundary conditions on the confined plasma. Near-sonic plasma flows along magnetic field lines are observed in the high-field SOL, with magnitude and direction clearly dependent on X-point location. The principal drive mechanism for the flows is a strong ballooning-like poloidal transport asymmetry: parallel flows arise so as to re-symmetrize the resulting poloidal pressure variation in the SOL. Secondary flows involving a combination of toroidal rotation and Pfirsch–Schluter ion currents are also evident. As a result of the transport-driven parallel flows, the SOL exhibits a net co-current (counter-current) volume-averaged toroidal momentum when B × ∇B is towards (away from) the X-point. Depending on the discharge conditions, flow momentum can couple across the separatrix and affect the toroidal rotation of the confined plasma. This mechanism accounts for a positive (negative) increment in central plasma co-rotation seen in L-mode discharges when B × ∇B is towards (away from) the X-point. Experiments in ion-cyclotron range-of-frequency-heated discharges suggest that topology-dependent flow boundary conditions may also play a role in the sensitivity of the L–H power threshold to X-point location: in a set of otherwise similar discharges, the L–H transition is seen to be coincident with central rotation achieving roughly the same value, independent of magnetic topology. For discharges with B × ∇B pointing away from the X-point (i.e. with the SOL flow boundary condition impeding co-current rotation), the same characteristic rotation can only be achieved with higher input power.
Human-Target Detection and Surrounding Structure Estimation Under a Simulated Rubble via UWB Radar

The presence of a human target and the surrounding rubble structure are both important information in postdisaster rescue. In this letter, we study the signal-processing algorithm for detecting a human target in radar echo data. Furthermore, a solution is proposed to estimate the surrounding structure-the distance between the human target and the top wall of the cavity where the human target is trapped. In the latter procedure, the human position estimated before is used as a prior knowledge. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method, experiments are carried out with a human subject lying under the simulated rubble structure. The results show prospects of the proposed method.
Amelioration of cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice by Rubia cordifolia extract.

BACKGROUND Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutics against a wide range of cancers including head, neck, ovarian and lung cancers. But its usefulness is limited by its toxicity to normal tissues, including cells of the kidney proximal tubule. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether the hydro-alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia could decrease the intensity of toxicity in Swiss albino mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cisplatin at a dose of 12 mg/kg body wt was administered intraperitoneally to Swiss albino mice. Another set of animals was given hydro-alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia at different doses along with cisplatin treatment. The antioxidant levels, serum creatinine, serum urea etc. were analyzed. RESULTS The extract could significantly decrease the cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity as inferred from the tissue antioxidant status in the drug administered animals. Remarkable change was observed in serum creatinine and urea levels. Lipid peroxidation in the kidney and liver tissues was also considerably reduced in Rubia cordifolia extract treated animals. CONCLUSION Hydro-alcoholic extracts of Rubia cordifolia are effective in reducing the renal damage caused by the cancer chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin. Since Rubia cordifolia has been in use as an important ingredient in the traditional Ayurvedic system of medicine, it could be safe and beneficial to use this herbal extract as an adjuvant to ameliorate renal damage in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy with cisplatin.