Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Workflow Task Scheduling Algorithm Based on the GA Model in the Cloud Computing Environment

Taking advantage of the resource sharing, the cloud computing service mode save the investment cost efficiently.In a cloud computing environment, the workflow task scheduling algorithm is based on the task processing time and the execution cost factors and start point of the user demand for quality of service, in good user experience and the biggest economic benefits both made significant breakthrough. As a result, the workflow task scheduling algorithm based on GA model in the cloud computing environment improve the system performance greatly, and it is the effective ways to meet the user's QoS requirements.
Prediction and imputation in irregularly sampled clinical time series data using hierarchical linear dynamical models

Clinical time series, comprising of repeated clinical measurements provide valuable information of the trajectory of patients' condition. Linear dynamical systems (LDS) are used extensively in science and engineering for modeling time series data. The observation and state variables in LDS are assumed to be uniformly sampled in time with a fixed sampling rate. The observation sequence for clinical time series is often irregularly sampled and LDS do not model such data well. In this paper, we develop two LDS-based models for irregularly sampled data. The key idea is to incorporate a temporal difference variable within the state equations of LDS whose parameters are estimated using observed data. Our models are evaluated on prediction and imputation tasks using real irregularly sampled clinical time series data and are found to outperform state-of-the-art techniques.
A Tale of Three Little Pigs: Building the Learning Society with Straw

This article has two main aims. First, it will be argued that the policies of both the British government and of the European Commission (EC) with regard to building a learning society are considered to be timid, narrowly conceived and inadequate to the task. Politicians are trying to construct a new society with the intellectual equivalent of straw rather than bricks. Change to a learning society is apparently to be brought about by improving the vocational education and training of individuals. This concentration on developing the skills of individuals conveniently diverts attention away from more radical measures. It is, however, easier to criticise than to construct; and so the second aim is to outline briefly an alternative White Paper on Vocational Education, Training and Employment and to propose some more robust policy alternatives for discussion and debate.
Cost-Efficient Self-Terminated Write Driver for Spin-Transfer-Torque RAM and Logic

A cost-efficient self-terminated write driver is proposed for low-energy RAM and logic circuits by using spin-transfer-torque (STT)-magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices. Since a bidirectional write current is required for STT switching, data-dependent write-completion monitoring, where the node with large voltage difference between before and after the switching is selectively used, makes it possible to achieve sufficiently large sense margin at any write current directions. By the enhancement of sense margin, write-completion monitoring and self-write-termination circuitries are simplified. Thus, 60% of transistor counts reduction and further robust write-completion detection under process variation are achieved in comparison with those of the prior work.
Staphylococcus epidermidis colonization is highly clonal across US cardiac centers.

BACKGROUND Little is known about the clonality of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the United States, although it is the predominant pathogen in infections involving prosthetic materials, including ventricular assist devices (VADs). METHODS Seventy-five VAD recipients at 4 geographically diverse US cardiac centers were prospectively followed up to 1 year of VAD support. The anterior nares, sternum, and (future) driveline exit site were cultured for S. epidermidis before VAD insertion and at 7 times after surgery. Infection isolates were also collected. Isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A subset underwent susceptibility testing and staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec and multilocus sequence typing. RESULTS A total of 1559 cultures yielded 565 S. epidermidis isolates; 254 of 548 typed isolates (46%) belonged to 1 of 7 clonal types as defined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These clones were identified in up to 27 people distributed across all 4 cardiac centers. They caused 3 of 6 VAD-related infections. Disseminated clones were more antibiotic resistant than were less prevalent isolates (eg, 79% vs 54% methicillin resistant; P = .0021). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that healthcare-associated S. epidermidis infection is remarkably clonal. We describe S. epidermidis clones that are highly resistant to antibiotics distributed across US cardiac centers. These clones may have determinants that enhance transmissibility, persistence, or invasiveness. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01471795.
Accessing web archives from different perspectives with potential synergies

Web archives constitute a valuable source for researchers from many disciplines. However, their sheer size, the typically broad scope and their temporal dimension make them difficult to work with. We have identified three approaches to access and explore Web archives from different perspectives: user-, dataand graph-centric. In this paper we present related works on these three views as well as discuss their relations and potential synergies. Finally, we propose a generic analysis schema that outlines a systematic way to study Web archives by approaching them from different zoom levels corresponding to the three presented views.
The Impact of Advertising in Child , Adult , and “ All Family

This research investigates the impact of advertising on br a d choice in the ready-to-eat cereal market, where many brands are heavily advertised. In particular, effects of advertising may depend on consumer demographics; for instance, children ar e thought to be vulnerable to advertising claims, and this market readily allows compari sons of healthier adult and all-family cereals against less healthy brands aimed at children. C o vincing results indicate that households which include children and/or teens respond differe ntly to television advertising than do adult-only households. However, the findings are not exa ctly what one might anticipate on the basis of previous literature. The impact of children in the home on preference response to advertising for children’s cereal is particularly strong in two-adult households. Further, teens act as “switch hitters,” responding like children to children’s brands in single parent households but like adults to healthier products, particularly in two-adult households.
Integrating Shape and Color Features for Adaptive Real-time Object Tracking

We extend the standard mean shift tracking algorithm to an adaptive tracker by selecting reliable features from color and shape cues. The standard mean shift algorithm assumes that the representation of tracking targets is always sufficiently discriminative enough against background. Most tracking algorithms developed based on the mean shift algorithm use only one cue (such as color) throughout their tracking process. The widely used color features are not always discriminative enough for target localization because illumination and viewpoint tend to change. Moreover, the background may be of a color similar to that of the target. We present an adaptive tracking algorithm that integrates color and shape features. Good features are selected and applied to represent the target according to the descriptive ability of these features. The proposed method has been implemented and tested in different kinds of image sequences. The experimental results demonstrate that our tracking algorithm is robust and efficient in the challenging image sequences.
Evolutionary Selection of Socially Sensitive Preferences in Random Matching Environments

In this paper we study the evolutionary selection of socially sensitive preferences in the context of reference interaction settings such as coordination failure and cooperation. We refer to a specific class of socially sensitive preferences in which players weigh additively their own material payoff against the opponent with either a positive or negative coefficient (λ-players). Preference evolution is guided by replicator dynamics in a context of perfect observability of preferences types and stochastic pairwise matching. We take an indirect evolutionary approach, that is, the selection mechanism operates on the actual material payoffs earned by players, so that any instance of socially sensitive preference can be thought of as instrumentally maintained. We find that the evolutionary viability of socially sensitive preferences basically depends on whether or not they cause a substantial improvement in the achievement of socially efficient outcomes with respect to the case where only self-serving or unconditionally focused preference orientations are observed. Our results suggest that moderate pro-social preference orientations are likely to emerge from social selection even in the absence of an intrinsic motivational drive, whereas extremely pro-social orientations as well as competitive and anti-social ones may need a stronger motivational base.
Embodied simulation theory and intersubjectivit y1.

Primates and human beings are social animals whose cognitive development capitalizes upon the interaction with other conspecifics. Fundamental among social abilities is the capacity to accurately detect and understand the intentional conduct of others, to anticipate their upcoming actions, and to appropriately adjust one’s own behavior. From an evolutionary perspective, the traditional view claims the existence of a sharp cognitive discontinuity between humans and nonhuman primates. However, recent findings in cognitive neuroscience shed light on the existence of a common neural mechanism that could account for action and intention understanding abilities both in humans and nonhuman primates. The discovery of mirror neurons and of other mirroring mechanisms in the human brain shows that the very same neural substrates are activated when these expressive acts are both executed and perceived. I summarize here recent neuroscientific evidence shedding light on the neural mechanisms likely underpinning important aspects of intersubjectivity and social cognition. I discuss this evidence in relation to empathy and introduce my theory of embodied simulation, a crucial functional mechanism of intersubjectivity by means of which the actions, emotions, and sensations of others are mapped by the same neural mechanisms that are normally activated when we act or experience similar emotions and sensations.
Peer Rating in Higher Education

Abstract Peer rating has become a part of the academic environment. Good or bad, right or wrong, many institutions of higher learning require that faculty and administrators rely on some form of peer evaluation when decisions about promotion and tenure must be made. However, empirical research has consistently demonstrated that peer evaluations lack reliability and validity. Thus, decisions impacting the very essence of teaching in a university environment are made based upon unreliable and invalid testing. This article offers an alternative to the present system of peer evaluation. Instead of peer raters, raters would be persons outside the immediate system. In order to qualify, a rater must be a trained educator, researcher, statistician, counselor, and psychometrist. To those who might argue that such a person does not exist, then the researchers would ask, “How then can we expect our peers to be able to do the job? ”
Making the Social Visible Within Inclusive Classrooms

Abstract There is an increasing need to address children's social development in the midst of academic initiatives for early childhood curricula. A study was conducted to make visible and support children's social interactions within inclusive preschool classrooms through documentation from the Reggio Emilia approach. Findings demonstrated that children's interactions occurred among different configurations within inclusive preschool classrooms, involving: 1) children who were typically developing, 2) children who had certified disabilities, and 3) children who were typically developing and those having certified disabilities. These social interactions occurred within three areas of the classroom context: transitions between routine activities, open-ended activities, and teachers' roles. Implications suggest that documentation techniques can serve as both a research and teaching tool for promoting social interactions among early childhood educators.
A Database Method to Mitigate the NLOS Error in Mobile Phone Positioning

Non line of sight (NLOS) error is well known to be a major source of error in mobile phone positioning. It is simply caused by the dense buildings blocking the line of sight (LOS) propagation of RF signal. Hence mobile station (MS) appears further away from the base transceiver station (BTS) than it actually is. To mitigate the effect of NLOS error, a basic method is to generate the NLOS error correction map, and then use the correction map to correct the measurements. Therefore, a more accurate MS location can be estimated. How to efficiently generate the correction map is a major problem of this approach. A method based on the spatial correlation is proposed in this paper. An experiment was carried out in a typical suburban area to verify this idea. The test result shows the proposed method based on universal kriging can improve the accuracy of position estimate using time difference of arrival technique.
Expectation propagation based iterative group wise detection for large-scale multiuser MIMO-OFDM systems

For the spatially correlated multiuser MIMO-OFDM channels, the conventional iterative MMSE-SIC detection suffers from a considerable performance loss. In this paper, we use the factor graph framework to design robust detection algorithms by clustering a group of symbols to combat the spatial correlation and using the principle of expectation propagation to improve message passing. Furthermore, as the complexity of detection becomes one of the issues in the design of large-scale multiuser MIMO-OFDM systems, we propose a low-complexity approximate message-passing algorithm by opening the channel transition node, which eliminates the expensive matrix inversions involved in the MMSE-SIC based algorithms. Finally, numerical results are presented to verify the proposed algorithms.
Bilateral Anterior Transabdominal Adrenalectomy

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Persistent alterations in active and passive electrical membrane properties of regenerated nerve fibers of man and mice

Excitability of regenerated fibers remains impaired due to changes in both passive cable properties and alterations in the voltage‐dependent membrane function. These abnormalities were studied by mathematical modeling in human regenerated nerves and experimental studies in mice. In three adult male patients with surgically repaired complete injuries of peripheral nerves of the arm 22 months–26 years prior to investigation, deviation of excitability measures was explained by a hyperpolarizing shift in the resting membrane potential and an increase in the passive ‘Barrett and Barrett’ conductance (GBB) bridging the nodal and internodal compartments. These changes were associated with an increase in the ‘fast’ K+ conductance and the inward rectifier conductance (GH). Similar changes were found in regenerated mouse tibial motor axons at 1 month after a sciatic crush lesion. During the first 5 months of regeneration, GH showed partial recovery, which paralleled that in GBB. The internodal length remained one‐third of normal. Excitability abnormalities could be reversed by the energy‐dependent Na+/K+ pump blocker ouabain resulting in membrane depolarization. Stressing the Na+ pumping system during a strenuous activity protocol triggered partial Wallerian degeneration in regenerated nerves but not in control nerves from age‐matched mice. The current data suggest that the nodal voltage‐gated ion channel machinery is restored in regenerated axons, although the electrical separation from the internodal compartment remains compromised. Due to the persistent increase in number of nodes, the increased activity‐dependent Na+ influx could lead to hyperactivity of the Na+/K+ pump resulting in membrane hyperpolarization and neurotoxic energy insufficiency during strenuous activity.
MoO3 nanoparticles dispersed uniformly in carbon matrix: a high capacity composite anode for Li-ion batteries

A MoO3–carbon nanocomposite was synthesized from a mixture of MoO3 and graphite by a controlled ball milling procedure. The as-prepared product consists of nanosized MoO3 particles (2–180 nm) homogeneously distributed in carbon matrix. The nanocomposite acts as a high capacity anode material for lithium-ion batteries and exhibits good cyclic behavior. Its initial capacity exceeds the theoretical capacity of 745 mA h g−1 in a mixture of MoO3 and graphite (1 : 1 by weight), and the stable capacity of 700 mA h g−1 (94% of the theoretical capacity) is still retained after 120 cycles. The electrode performance is linked with the unique nanoarchitecture of the composite and is compared with the performance of MoO3-based anode materials reported in the literature previously (nanoparticles, ball milled powders, and carbon-coated nanobelts). The high value of capacity and good cyclic stability of MoO3–carbon nanocomposite are attractive in respect to those of the reported MoO3 electrodes.
Antioxidant activity of Ruscus species from Serbia; Potential new sources of natural antioxidants

The antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of ethanolic, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of Ruscus hypoglossum L. and Ruscus aculeatus L. (aerial parts) from Serbia were investigated in this paper. The best total antioxidant capacity (23.329 μg AA g-1) and the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 182.54 μg mL-1) were found in acetone and ethyl acetate extract of R. aculeatus L. Ethanolic extract of R. hypoglossum L. showed the highest ABTS radical cation scavenging activity (IC50 = 3.04 μg mL-1) as well as reducing power (IC50 = 0.143 μg mL-1). The best inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation (IC50 =651 μg mL-1) and the best ferrous ion chelating ability (IC50 = 110 μg mL-1) were found in acetone and ethyl acetate extract of R. hypoglossum L. The highest total phenolic (8.569 mg GAE g-1) and flavonoid content (0.136 mg RU g-1) were found in ethanolic and acetone extract of R. hypoglossum L. and R. aculeatus L, respectively. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. III 43004]
‘Seeing things in a new light,: conditions for changes in the epistemological beliefs of university students

The study describes the advancement of the epistemological beliefs of university students. After obtaining interesting research results on changes in students’ (N = 170) conceptions of learning from Jan Meyer’s Reflections on Learning Inventory, we carried out a qualitative study using a focus group interview of seven students. The purpose was to gain a deeper understanding of the nature of changes in students’ conceptions of learning. However, the initial analysis of the data directed our attention to the epistemological aspects, and we continued the analysis by applying Bendixen and Rule’s Integrative Personal Epistemology Model. The students’ educational experiences showed that their epistemological beliefs changed over a period of time from absolutism towards relativism and that the pedagogical environment played an important role in this process. On the basis of the study, we suggest that it is already possible to influence the advancement of university students’ epistemological beliefs at an early stage in their studies.
Relation of the double‐ITCZ bias to the atmospheric energy budget in climate models

We examine how tropical zonal mean precipitation biases in current climate models relate to the atmospheric energy budget. Both hemispherically symmetric and antisymmetric tropical precipitation biases contribute to the well‐known double‐Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) bias; however, they have distinct signatures in the energy budget. Hemispherically symmetric biases in tropical precipitation are proportional to biases in the equatorial net energy input; hemispherically antisymmetric biases are proportional to the atmospheric energy transport across the equator. Both relations can be understood within the framework of recently developed theories. Atmospheric net energy input biases in the deep tropics shape both the symmetric and antisymmetric components of the double‐ITCZ bias. Potential causes of these energetic biases and their variation across climate models are discussed.
A Task-Oriented Approach for the Development of a Test Collection for Music Information Retrieval

This paper addresses the design of a test collection for CBMR, by applying a task-oriented approach. After having created a test document set, it is proposed to provide assessors with a number of topics and to build musical queries starting from music documents, or documents excerpts, being particularly relevant to the topic. Relevance judgments are then built based on the similarity between this document and the other documents in the collection. Being far to solve all the problematic issues related to the design of a test collection, this paper aims to give some insights and procedures to carry on the test collection design process, which requires many human resources and different types of expertise.
Microcomputer treatment applications in aphasiology

Abstract Utilization of microcomputers for treatment of the aphasic adult, while very seductive, continues to be in need of efficacy research. Data based research regarding the use of microcomputers as a viable treatment medium should describe: for whom is this type of treatment appropriate; what specific type of microcomputer treatment software is applicable; when should treatment begin and end; and where can treatment be accomplished? Yet, data based research in aphasiology concerning treatment efficacy remains sparse. This research explores which of two delivery systems, clinician and clinician/assisted micromputer, is more effective in bringing aphasic patients to a criterion performance. Using an alternating treatment design with multiple internal and external generization probes, 20 aphasic patients were studied. Data for the first 10 patients indicate certain aphasia types and severity levels demonstrated that the clinician was the more effective and efficient delivery system for both fluent and no.