Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of depressive disorders in a general hospital.

OBJECTIVE To determine the point prevalence of depressive disorders in medical inpatients, to identify related sociodemographic and medical factors and to evaluate the psychotropic treatment given. METHOD A cross-sectional study identifying the prevalence of depressive disorders and related factors combined with a prospective longitudinal study evaluating the psychopharmacological treatment were conducted. Medical inpatients, aged 18 years or older, presenting suitability to be interviewed and giving written informed consent were selected. The sample was composed of 125 subjects. The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; and the Beck Depression Inventory. Data related to medical, personal and family histories of psychiatric disorders and psychotropic use were collected by interview and from patient charts. The study took place at the Hospital Santa Isabel, in Blumenau, located in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, from January to July of 2002. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive disorders was 26%. The factors that correlated with depressive disorders were being female, having an income lower than 3 times the minimum wage, having a personal history of depressive disorders, using psychotropic drugs, scoring higher than 13 on the Beck Depression Inventory and having been referred for a psychiatric consultation (p < 0.05). Only 43.8% of the individuals with depressive disorders received antidepressants. Most of the depressed patients were being treated with benzodiazepines (62.5%). The most frequently prescribed drugs were diazepam and fluoxetine. CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-quarter of the medical inpatients had depressive disorders. However, antidepressants were prescribed for less than half of them. Women with a history of depression, using benzodiazepines and having a low income presented significantly higher rates of depressive disorders. Physicians should suspect depression in patients presenting such characteristics.
Temperature comparison of GaAs/AlGaAs based double barrier resonant tunneling diode considering NEGF

The present and projected trends of semiconductor electronics are low power consumption, high speed, small in size and high-level reliability. To continue this trends we need a new technology over conventional CMOS technology. The Resonant Tunneling Diode (RTD) has very impressive characteristics, such as a high intrinsic cut-off frequency (theoretical value in the approximate THz range), low voltage operation and current peaks associated with Negative Differential Resistance (NDR) regions which can overcome this type of matters and take an important role in the field of nanoscale digital and analog applications. In this paper, Gallium Arsenide/ Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (GaAs/AlGaAs) based Double Barrier Resonant Tunneling Diode (DBRTD) is studied for two different models: semi-classical Thomas-Fermi model and Hartree quantum charge model to evaluate the performance of those model in different temperature.
Application in support of preparatory tunnel with adaptive combining hierarchy genetic RBF neural network

Based on the investigation and statistics of the preparatory tunnel data in Chengchao Iron Mine, using the adjustable parameters adaptive genetic algorithm with combining hierarchical structure to optimize structure and solve parameters of the radial base function neural network(ACHG-RBF), the algorithm had trained and predicted the network and optimized the network topology. In addition, it has enhanced the network study performance as well, which can obtain a high precision and strong generalization capability. It has a higher value in application and dissemination.
Photogrammetric 3D reconstruction using mobile imaging

In our paper we demonstrate the development of an Android Application (AndroidSfM) for photogrammetric 3D reconstruction that works on smartphones and tablets likewise. The photos are taken with mobile devices, and can thereafter directly be calibrated using standard calibration algorithms of photogrammetry and computer vision, on that device. Due to still limited computing resources on mobile devices, a client-server handshake using Dropbox transfers the photos to the sever to run AndroidSfM for the pose estimation of all photos by Structure-from-Motion and, thereafter, uses the oriented bunch of photos for dense point cloud estimation by dense image matching algorithms. The result is transferred back to the mobile device for visualization and ad-hoc on-screen measurements.
WiMAX-Next Generation Telecommunication Networks

This paper presents the leading technologies for the next generation wireless telecommunication networks, LTE and WiMAX. Furthermore, the used modulation and multiplexing schemes such as QPSK, QAM, OFDM, OFDMA, SC-FDMA and MIMO will be shown. In addition, the network architecture and the basic characteristics of each 4G network approach will be presented. This is followed by a discussion where use cases, deployment and power consumption will be discussed. The paper further concludes the discussion and gives a short outlook of the IMT-Advanced networks.
Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a gene for Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 type 2 fimbriae

A genomic library of Actinomyces naeslundii WVU45 DNA in Escherichia coli was screened for antigen expression with rabbit antibody against A. naeslundii fimbriae. Western blotting (immunoblotting) of one recombinant clone carrying a 13.8-kilobase-pair insert revealed a 59-kilodalton (kDa) immunoreactive protein. A protein of similar electrophoretic mobility was detected from the isolated fimbrial antigen. Expression of the 59-kDa cloned protein in E. coli was directed by a promoter from the insert. The DNA sequence of the subunit gene was determined, and an open reading frame of 1,605 nucleotides was identified which was preceded by a putative ribosome-binding site and followed by two inverted repeats of 14 and 17 nucleotides, respectively. The reading frame encoded a protein of 534 amino acids (calculated molecular weight, 57,074), and the N-terminal sequence resembled that of a signal peptide. The presence of a 32-amino-acid signal peptide was indicated by amino-terminal sequencing of the fimbriae from A. naeslundii. The sequence, as determined by Edman degradation, was identical to that deduced from the DNA sequence beginning at predicted residue 33 of the latter sequence. Moreover, the amino acid composition of the predicted mature protein was similar to that of the isolated fimbriae from A. naeslundii. Thus, the cloned gene encodes a subunit of A. naeslundii fimbriae.
Amplifying whole insect genomes with multiple displacement amplification

Many applications in insect genetics require repeated analyses on individual organisms. These include population genetic and genomics, linkage mapping, molecular systematics and map‐based positional cloning. However, using the polymerase chain reaction, a limited number of analyses are possible with DNA isolated from whole bodies or parts of small or preserved specimens. We describe the optimization of a new technique, Multiple Displacement Amplification, for 100–400‐fold amplification of whole mosquito genomes. We demonstrate that MDA amplifies genomic DNA directly from an adult leg or from organisms as small as a first instar mosquito larva. Genetic polymorphisms revealed at individual loci are the same whether using the original genomic DNA or MDA DNA as a template.
Structures of actin-bound Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein homology 2 (WH2) domains of Spire and the implication for filament nucleation

Three classes of proteins are known to nucleate new filaments: the Arp2/3 complex, formins, and the third group of proteins that contain ca. 25 amino acid long actin-binding Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein homology 2 domains, called the WH2 repeats. Crystal structures of the complexes between the actin-binding WH2 repeats of the Spire protein and actin were determined for the Spire single WH2 domain D, the double (SpirCD), triple (SpirBCD), quadruple (SpirABCD) domains, and an artificial Spire WH2 construct comprising three identical D repeats (SpirDDD). SpirCD represents the minimal functional core of Spire that can nucleate actin filaments. Packing in the crystals of the actin complexes with SpirCD, SpirBCD, SpirABCD, and SpirDDD shows the presence of two types of assemblies, “side-to-side” and “straight-longitudinal,” which can serve as actin filament nuclei. The principal feature of these structures is their loose, open conformations, in which the sides of actins that normally constitute the inner interface core of a filament are flipped inside out. These Spire structures are distant from those seen in the filamentous nuclei of Arp2/3, formins, and in the F-actin filament.
Analysis and recognition of a human head's movement from an image sequence

In this paper, we propose a method to analyze and recognize human head movements from monocular image sequences based on few constraints. First, the background image photographed beforehand is used to extract the human region from the image sequence. Next, the skin-colored regions are extracted, and the low brightness and low saturation pixels are set as the candidate eye regions. Then the face region is determined from the multiple skin-colored regions and the hair region is extracted based on the face region. Finally, the left and right eye regions are determined from the candidate eye regions. Thus, effective information for posture estimation such as the eye positions, face region, and hair region is extracted from the input image. A genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to fit the extracted information to a 3D head model and estimate the head posture. By creating an approximate 3D head model, the system adapts to an indeterminate large number of humans. Since an image sequence is input, the information in the previous image can be used. Thus, the possible human movements and the angles of the joints are a priori knowledge and are reflected in the parameters. The lack of information for the 3D posture estimation problem from a monocular image sequence is alleviated. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(5): 36–45, 2001
Detecting Right Ventricular Volume Changes Using the Conductance Catheter

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of conductance catheter position within the right ventricle in obtaining adequate indications of phasic changes in ventricular volume. Possible applications of this lechnology are in rate responsive pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. The conductance catheter was placed in the right ventricle by cannulation of a jugular or femoral vein or a branch of the pulmonary artery. Position within the ventride was documented from biplane fluoroscopy. Stroke volume was perturbed by: bolus injection of blood, vagal stimulation, venous infusion of methylcholine chloride, or isoprenaline. Four criteria were used to assess the quality of volume signals: (1) volume signal phase relative to the electrocardiogram; (2) magnitude parity of volume change from each electrode pair; (3) freedom from artifact; and (4) indication of stroke volume change during interventions. Greyhound dogs of either sex (n = 33), weight 20–32 kg. A total of 236 recordings from 14 distinct catheter positions were analyzed. Catheter positions originating from a femoral cannulation and one position from the pulmonary artery gave markedly superior volume transduction compared to those from the jugular route. Although right ventricular volume transduction was possible from all catheter trajectories, those resulting from the femoral approach were clearly superior. In the right ventricle, the inability to transduce a sufficient proportion of ventricular volume, in concert with the potential sensitivity of the catheter to atrial volume changes, may seriously limit the potential of the conductance technique in the applications envisaged.
Visual Grammars for Visual Languages

In modern user interfaces, graphics play an important role in the communication between human and computer. When a person employs text and graphic objects in communication, those objects have meaning under a system of interpretation, or "visual language. " Formal visual languages are ones which have been explicitly designed to be syntactically and semantically unambiguous. The research described in this paper aims at spatially parsing expressions in formal visual languages to recover their underlying syntactic structure. Such "spatial parsing" allows a general purpose graphics editor to be used as a visual language interface, giving the user the freedom to first simply create some text and graphics, and later have the system process those objects under a particular system of interpretation. The task of spatial parsing can be simplified for the interface designer/implementer through the use of visual grammars. For each of the four formal visual languages described in this paper, there is a specifiable set of spatial arrangements of elements for well-formed visual expressions in that language. Visual Grammar Notation is a way to describe those sets of spatial arrangements; the context-free grammars expressed in this notation are not only visual, but also machine-readable, and are used directly to guide the parsing.
Expression and Purification of Glutathione‐S‐Transferase Fusion Proteins

This unit describes how pGEX vectors can be used in bacterial systems to express foreign polypeptides as fusions with glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST). In general, such fusion proteins are soluble and are easily purified from lysed cells under nondenaturing conditions by absorption with glutathione‐agarose beads, followed by elution in the presence of free glutathione. Potential applications of the pGEX vectors include the expression and purification of individual polypeptides (including short peptides) for use as immunogens and as biochemical and biological reagents, and in the construction of cDNA expression libraries. This protocol describes production and screening of pGEX transformants and purification of milligram quantities of fusion proteins from 1‐liter cultures. The commentary describes several modifications to the expression and purification protocol that may be useful in cases where fusion proteins are insoluble or unstable.
Biexponential analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging: comparison of three different calculation methods in transplanted kidneys

Background Biexponential analysis has been used increasingly to obtain contributions of both diffusion and microperfusion to the signal decay in diffusion-weighted imaging DWI of different parts of the body. Purpose To compare biexponential diffusion parameters of transplanted kidneys obtained with three different calculation methods. Material and Methods DWI was acquired in 15 renal allograft recipients (eight men, seven women; mean age, 52.4 ± 14.3 years) using a paracoronal EPI sequence with 16 b-values (b = 0–750 s/mm2) and six averages at 1.5T. No respiratory gating was used. Three different calculation methods were used for the calculation of biexponential diffusion parameters: Fp, ADCP, and ADCD were calculated without fixing any parameter a priori (calculation method 1); ADCP was fixed to 12.0 µm2/ms, whereas Fp and ADCD were calculated using the biexponential model (calculation method 2); multistep approach with monoexponential fitting of the high b-value portion (b ≥ 250 s/mm2) for determination of ADCD and assessment of the low b intercept for determination of Fp (calculation method 3). For quantitative analysis, ROI measurements were performed on the according parameter maps. Results Mean ADCD values of the renal cortex using calculation method 1 were significantly lower than using calculation methods 2 and 3 (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between calculation methods 1 and 2 (r = 0.69 (P < 0.005) and calculation methods 1 and 3 (r = 0.59; P < 0.05) as well as calculation methods 2 and 3 (r = 0.98; P < 0.001). Mean Fp values of the renal cortex were higher with calculation method 1 than with calculation methods 2 and 3 (P < 0.001). For Fp, only the correlation between calculation methods 2 and 3 was significant (r = 0.98; P < 0.001). Conclusion Biexponential diffusion parameters differ significantly depending on the calculation methods used for their calculation.
Image and video clipping by weighted histogram intersection minimization

We propose a method for clipping a rectangular region from an image by minimizing a weighted intersection of two color histograms which are constructed with pixels included in the inside and the outside of the rectangular region. Furthermore, we extend the clipping method for images to that for videos. Experimental results show that the proposed method can clip the regions of objects from images and remove the regions of backgrounds.
Differential performance of TRISS-like in early and late blunt trauma deaths.

OBJECTIVES (1) To independently validate the Trauma and Injury Severity Score-Like (TRISS-Like) model derived by Offner et al. (Revision of TRISS for intubated patients. J Trauma. 1992;32:32-35) in a population of Canadian blunt trauma victims, and (2) to compare the ability of this model to predict mortality in early and late trauma deaths. STUDY POPULATION Prospective cohort of blunt trauma cases with Injury Severity Score > 12 identified from the Ontario Trauma Registry over a 5-year period. STUDY DESIGN The TRISS-Like model consisting of age, Injury Severity Score, systolic blood pressure, and best motor response of the Glasgow Coma Scale was evaluated as to its ability to predict mortality by determining the sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The sample was then divided into early (< or = 7 days) and late mortality subgroups in which model performance was evaluated with respect to time of death. RESULTS A total of 7,703 patients were included in this analysis. The overall mortality was 12.3%. The TRISS-Like model allowed for assessment of an additional 23% of patients than would standard TRISS and performed with a sensitivity of 97.1%, specificity of 39.8% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.873. Analysis of mortality with respect to time demonstrated that 75% of deaths occurred by day 7. The specificity and receiver operating characteristic area increased in the early (< or = 7 days) subgroup, 46.5% and 0.935, respectively, compared with 20.8% and 0.778 in the late mortality group. CONCLUSIONS TRISS-Like demonstrated similar performance to that reported with the standard TRISS model but with the additional advantage that it is more generalizable because it can be applied to intubated patients. TRISS-Like demonstrated substantially superior performance in early trauma deaths compared with those that occurred late. This differential performance may be because the model does not include risk factors for late mortality.
Phonological specificity in children at 1;2

The specificity of infants' phonological representations is examined by comparing their sensitivity to mispronunciations of novel and familiar words, using the preferential looking task. 29 children at 1;2 were trained and tested on familiar and novel word–object pairs. Children showed evidence of sensitivity to mispronunciations of novel and familiar words, indicating detailed phonological representations. Discrepancies between this study and earlier investigations are discussed with reference to differences between habituation and preferential looking tasks.
A Bayesian model of bilingual segmentation for transliteration

In this paper we propose a novel Bayesian model for unsupervised bilingual character sequence segmentation of corpora for transliteration. The system is based on a Dirichlet process model trained using Bayesian inference through blocked Gibbs sampling implemented using an efficient forward filtering/backward sampling dynamic programming algorithm. The Bayesian approach is able to overcome the overfitting problem inherent in maximum likelihood training. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our Bayesian segmentation by using it to build a translation model for a phrasebased statistical machine translation (SMT) system trained to perform transliteration by monotonic transduction from character sequence to character sequence. The Bayesian segmentation was used to construct a phrase-table and we compared the quality of this phrase-table to one generated in the usual manner by the state-of-the-art GIZA++ word alignment process used in combination with phrase extraction heuristics from the MOSES statistical machine translation system, by using both to perform transliteration generation within an identical framework. In our experiments on English-Japanese data from the NEWS2010 transliteration generation shared task, we used our technique to bilingually co-segment the training corpus. We then derived a phrasetable from the segmentation from the sample at the final iteration of the training procedure, and the resulting phrase-table was used to directly substitute for the phrase-table extracted by using GIZA++/MOSES. The phrase-table resulting from our Bayesian segmentation model was approximately 30% smaller than that produced by the SMT system’s training procedure, and gave an increase in transliteration quality measured in terms of both word accuracy and F-score.
Probing the G-protein Regulation of GIRK1 and GIRK4, the Two Subunits of the KACh Channel, Using Functional Homomeric Mutants*

In heart, G-protein-activated channels are complexes of two homologous proteins, GIRK1 and GIRK4. Expression of either protein alone results in barely active or non-active channels, making it difficult to assess the individual contribution of each subunit to the channel complex. The residue Phe137, located within the H5 region of GIRK1, is critical to the synergy between GIRK1 and GIRK4 (Chan, K. W., Sui, J. L., Vivaudou, M., and Logothetis, D. E. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93, 14193–14198). By modifying this residue or the matching residue of GIRK4, Ser143, we have been able to generate mutant proteins that produced large inwardly rectifying, G-protein-modulated currents when expressed alone inXenopus oocytes. The enhanced activity of the heterologous expression of each of two active mutants, GIRK1(F137S) and GIRK4(S143T), was not caused by association with an endogenous oocyte channel subunit, and these mutants did not display apparent differences in the ability to localize to the cell surface compared with their wild-type counterparts. When these functional mutant channels were compared individually with wild-type heteromeric channels, they responded with only small differences to a number of maneuvers involving coexpression with muscarinic receptors, G-protein βγ subunits, wild-type or mutated G-protein α subunits, and active protomers of pertussis toxin. These experiments, which confirmed the crucial, though not exclusive, role of Gβγ in regulating channel activity, demonstrated that GIRK1(F137S) and GIRK4(S143T), and by extrapolation their wild-type counterparts, interact in a qualitatively similar way with G-protein subunits. These findings suggest that functionally important sites of interaction with G-proteins are likely to be located within the homologous regions of GIRK1 and GIRK4 rather than within the divergent terminal regions. They also raise the question of the functional advantage of a heteromeric over homomeric design for G-protein-gated channels.