Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Causes of Low Bone Density and Fractures in Kidney Transplant Patients *

Osteoporosis is known to occur in patients with kidney transplants, but limited information is available about the prevalence and causes of this complication. We asked all 330 patients with kidney transplants in our unit to participate in this study of whom 165 (50%) agreed to do so. The characteristics of the participating patients were similar to the remaining 165 nonparticipants. Seventy of 165 (42%) of the participants were women of whom 40 were postmenopausal in contrast to the men of whom only one was hypogonadal. Bone mineral density (BMD) was significantly reduced at the radius (Z score, −1.5) and femoral neck (Z score, −0.7), but the lumbar spine was normal. BMD was lower in women than men at all skeletal sites. Osteoporosis was found in 10–44% and osteopenia was found in 35–50% of women depending on the site. BMD was related inversely to time since transplantation and cumulative prednisolone dose. Twenty‐seven of the 165 (16%) patients had either vertebral deformities or a history of a low trauma fracture after transplantation. This fracture group consisted of 10/27 (37%) men and 17/27 (63%) women, of whom 14 were postmenopausal. Fracture patients tended to be older and have a longer duration of renal failure, dialysis, transplantation, greater cumulative steroid dose, and higher bone resorption markers than the nonfracture group. No differences were found for cumulative doses of cyclosporin or tacrolimus. Logistic regression showed that only duration of dialysis and time since transplantation significantly increased fracture risk, with odds ratio (OR) for each year of dialysis or transplantation being 1.21 (CI, 1.00–1.48) and 1.14 (CI, 1.05–1.23), respectively. These data show that low bone density and fractures are common in patients with kidney transplant and are determined by both pre‐ and posttransplant variables. Fracture risk was greatest in women, particularly if they were postmenopausal and we recommend that this subgroup is targeted for assessment and treatment.
Electromagnetic Optimization Using Mixed-Parameter and Multiobjective Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy

Different variations of the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES) are used in the design and optimization of electromagnetic (EM) problems. Two different schemes for the implementation of mixed-parameter CMA-ES and one scheme for the implementation of multiobjective CMAES are presented. Mixed-parameter CMA-ES is attractive in EM optimization when both continuous and discrete design parameters are involved. The first mixed-parameter scheme uses a Poisson mutation operator to update the discrete variables, and the second one forces an integer mutation on discrete variables with small variances. Multiobjective CMA-ES, developed in this paper, optimizes designs with respect to multiple objective functions simultaneously. It ranks the candidate solutions according to two levels: nondominated sorting and crowding distance. Several antenna and microwave design problems are presented to evaluate the performance of these schemes and compare them with other nature-based optimization algorithms.
Somatosensory Cerebral Evoked Responses in Psychotic Depression

In previous studies of somatosensory cerebral evoked responses in psychiatric patients, we found that two characteristics of these responses discriminated between patients with psychotic depressions and healthy or psychoneurotic subjects. The amplitude of the initial negative-positive component was larger and its recovery, as determined by administering paired “conditioning” and “test” stimuli, was retarded (11, 12, 13). Furthermore, after successful therapy, the recovery measure changed in the direction of “normal” (11).
Design and Analysis of an Adaptively Biased Low-Dropout Regulator Using Enhanced Current Mirror Buffer

This paper presents an adaptively biased low-dropout regulator using an enhanced current mirror (ECM) buffer for effectively driving the gate of the PMOS power transistor. The proposed ECM buffer offers very low output impedance, which pushes out the pole at the gate of the PMOS power transistor to improve the stability. At the same time, it offers a symmetric pull-up/down slew rate to enhance the speed of the buffer, whenever the regulator is under large signal operation during the load transient. Moreover, the ECM buffer is modified to develop the regulator topology without introducing an error amplifier as a separate independent stage. It helps to minimize the overall quiescent current consumption at low-load condition and makes frequency compensation easier. Finally, the speed of the adaptive bias loop is increased by avoiding the highly capacitive gate node of the PMOS power transistor. A comprehensive small-signal analysis of the proposed regulator is also carried out for a clear understanding of the stability of each loop considering the interaction of the other loop. The regulator is implemented in a 0.18-μm CMOS technology with a quiescent current of 900 nA. A maximum transient output voltage variation of 2.1% is observed with Co = 470 nF.
The Effect of Phenytoin on Sodium Conductances in Rat Hippocampal CA 1 1 Pyramidal Neurons

1 Pyramidal Neurons 2 Z. ZENG1, Elisa L. HILL-YARDIN3, D.WILLIAMS3, T. O’BRIEN1,2 Andris SERELIS 1, C.R. 3 FRENCH1,2 4 1. The Department of Medicine, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 5 Australia 6 2. Neurology Department, the Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 7 3. The Department of Physiology, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 8 Australia 9 10 Author for Correspondence CR French, Department of Medicine, University of 11 Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Royal Pde, Parkville, Victoria, 3050 12 frenchc@unimelb.edu. au 13 14 Abbreviation 15 PHT: Phenytoin 16 AED: Anti-Epileptic Drug 17 DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide 18 HEPES: 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid 19 PIPES: piperazine-N,N'-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid) 20 TEA: Tetraethylammonium 21 4-AP: 4-Aminopyridine 22 EGTA: Ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid 23 IV: current-voltage 24 GV: conductance-voltage 25 26 Abstract 27 The anti-epileptic drug phenytoin (PHT) is thought to reduce the excitability of neural 28 tissue by stabilising sodium channels (NaV) in inactivated states (Rogawski and Loscher 29 2004). It has been suggested the fast inactivated state (“IF”) is the main target (Kuo and 30 Bean, 1994), though slow inactivation (“IS”) has also been implicated (Quandt, 1988). 31 Other studies on local anaesthetics with similar effects on sodium channels have 32 implicated the NaV voltage sensor interactions (Muroi and Chanda, 2009). Here, we re33 Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (August 3, 2016). doi:10.1152/jn.01060. 2015
BURNOUT AMONG BILINGUAL SOCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERS

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES . vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Problem Formulation. 1 The Roles of Social Service Providers . 1 Additional Stressors for Bilingual Social Service Providers . 2 Purpose of the Study . 3 Significance of the Project for Social Work . 3 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW Introduction . 6 Studies Focusing on Burnout Involving Bilingual Social Service Providers. 6 Burnout . 9 Bilingualism . 9 Cultural Competency . 10 Increased Need for Bilingual Social Service Providers . 11 Theories Guiding Conceptualization . 11 Summary . 13 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS Introduction . 14 Study Design . 14 Sampling . 15
Mental health informatics and the rhythm of community care

Information systems in psychiatry must be released from the asylums and updated Clinical care in British psychiatry has been changing radically in the past two decades. Lifelong care for chronically disabled patients in institutions is giving way to networks of day hospitals, mental health centres, and small residential units. Care in hospital is now reserved largely for episodes of acute mental illness. But the information systems that record what patients, staff, and services are doing are still rooted in the asylum, and lack of appropriate data is impeding clinical work and the development of services. The Department of Health is reviewing the mental health minimum dataset (the information that NHS provider units must pass to purchasers and to the department). This offers an important chance to ensure that the right data are collected in the right way. What information should be collected, and who needs to use it? At the point of care, staff need user friendly, accurate, and confidential information about patients' past and current problems and care, particularly when emergencies arise outside normal working hours. Electronically held current clinical summaries can also ensure that staff know their responsibilities in each patient's care.1 The Clinical Standards Advisory Group has recently emphasised the value of maintaining a register of patients' care plans.2 Providers managing clinical teams need to …
Assessment of erectile dysfunction in patients with Parkinson´s disease

Thirty men having Parkinson´s disease (PD) and 30 controls were studied prospectively by the use of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) to assess erectile dysfunction (ED). Of the patients with PD (mean age of 59 years), 46.66% referred to the practice of sexual activity. All of the parkinsonians were using antiparkinsonian medication. In the control group (mean age of 63 years), 76.66% referred to the practice of sexual activity, 46.60% to arterial hypertension and 6.66% to diabetes mellitus. The median score for the PD group according to the IIEF was 34, and that for the controls 50. The main differences between the two groups were in the erectile function, orgasmic function and satisfaction with the sexual relationship. The IIEF is a multidimensional scale widely accepted to assess the ED. The data obtained suggest that ED is more frequent among parkinsonians and points out to the role of DP in the genesis of ED.
Usage of Whatsapp in Relation to Employee Engagement in a Telecommunication Company

WhatsApps application, the most talk-about mobile MIM application made available for any smartphone in the market. WhatsApp allows exchanging of real time text messages either to individual or group. The usage of WhatsApp has changed the way people communicate either personally and professionally. This paper is to investigate the relationship of WhatsApp usage and employee engagement in the organization. Almost all respondents use Whatapps and believe WhatsApp is a useful communication application. The paper indicates that there is a relationship between WhatsApp usage and employee engagement. Thus, WhatsApps application may be used as an effective internal communication tool to disseminate and sharing information.
Metacognitive group training for schizophrenia spectrum patients with delusions: a randomized controlled trial

Background Metacognitive training (MCT) for patients with psychosis is a psychological group intervention that aims to educate patients about common cognitive biases underlying delusion formation and maintenance, and to highlight their negative consequences in daily functioning. Method In this randomized controlled trial, 154 schizophrenia spectrum patients with delusions were randomly assigned to either MCT + treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Both groups were assessed at baseline, and again after 8 and 24 weeks. The trial was completed fully by 111 patients. Efficacy was measured with the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS) Delusions Rating Scale (DRS), and with specific secondary measures referring to persecutory ideas and ideas of social reference (the Green Paranoid Thoughts Scale, GPTS), cognitive insight (the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale, BCIS), subjective experiences of cognitive biases (the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale, DACOBS) and metacognitive beliefs (the 30-item Metacognitions Questionnaire, MCQ-30). Economic analysis focused on the balance between societal costs and health outcomes (quality-adjusted life years, QALYs). Results Both conditions showed a decrease of delusions. MCT was not more efficacious in terms of reducing delusions, nor did it change subjective paranoid thinking and ideas of social reference, cognitive insight or subjective experience of cognitive biases and metacognitive beliefs. The results of the economic analysis were not in favour of MCT + TAU. Conclusions In the present study, MCT did not affect delusion scores and self-reported cognitive insight, or subjective experience of cognitive biases and metacognitive beliefs. MCT was not cost-effective.
Toward Becoming a Learning Organization: Outcomes Assessment, NASPAA Accreditation, and Mission-Based Capstone Courses

Abstract This essay chronicles how a mission-driven and outcomes-oriented capstone course in the MPA program at the University of Baltimore was prompted by NASPAA's accreditation focus and has put the MPA program on a path toward becoming a learning organization (Argyris, 1992; Senge, 1990; Senge et al., 1999). Discussed is how the MPA program's mission and design have evolved through systematically acquired feedback about the capstone course from faculty, students, and a NASPAA site visit team. The problems and pitfalls of trying to become a learning organization in this fashion are also reviewed.
Activity, adiposity and weight change in Jamaican adults.

OBJECTIVE Populations in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to the development of obesity in the period of rapid transition to a more modernized lifestyle. We sought to determine the relationship between activity energy expenditure (AEE), adiposity and weight change in an adult population undergoing rapid socio-economic transition. METHODS Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) was measured using the doubly labelled water method, resting energy expenditure (REE) using indirect calorimetry and AEE calculated as the difference between TDEE and REE, in adults from a working class community in Spanish Town, Jamaica. During six years of follow-up, weight was measured between one and four times. Mixed effects regression modelling was used to test for association between components of the energy budget and weight change. RESULTS Men (n = 17) weighed more but women (n = 18), had significantly more body fat, 38.5% vs 24.5%, respectively (p < 0.01). Men had higher levels of EE, particularly AEE after adjustment for body weight, 66.3 versus 46.4 kJ/kg.d for men and women, respectively (p < 0.001). At baseline, adjusted AEE was inversely associated with body fat in men and women, r = -0.46 and r = -0.48, respectively (p < 0.05). Mean rate of weight change was + 1.1 and + 1.2 kg/year for men and women, respectively. No component of EE, ie TDEE, REE or AEE, significantly predicted weight change in this small sample. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest an important role for AEE in maintaining low levels of adiposity. The lack of association between EE and weight change, however, suggests populations in transition are at risk of obesity from environmental factors (eg dietary) other than simply declining physical activity levels.
Faster Deep Q-Learning Using Neural Episodic Control

The research on deep reinforcement learning which estimates Q-value by deep learning has been attracted the interest of researchers recently. In deep reinforcement learning, it is important to efficiently learn the experiences that an agent has collected by exploring environment. We propose NEC2DQN that improves learning speed of a poor sample efficiency algorithm such as DQN by using good one such as NEC at the beginning of learning. We show it is able to learn faster than Double DQN or N-step DQN in the experiments of Pong.
Public and private information : an experimental study of information pooling

This paper reports on an experimental study of the way in which individuals make inferences from publicly available information. We compare the predictions of a theoretical model of a common knowledge inference process with actual behavior. In the theoretical model, "perfect Bayesians," starting with private information, take actions; an aggregate statistic is made publicly available; the individuals do optimal Bayesian updating and take new actions; and the process continues until there is a common knowledge equilibrium with complete information pooling. We find that the theoretical model roughly predicts the observed behavior, but the actual inference process is clearly less efficient that the standard of the theoretical model, and while there is some pooling, it is incomplete. Copyright 1990 by The Econometric Society.
Long-term mortality of hospitalized pneumonia in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

SUMMARY Little is known about cause-specific long-term mortality beyond 30 days in pneumonia. We aimed to compare the mortality of patients with hospitalized pneumonia compared to age- and sex-matched controls beyond 30 days. Participants were drawn from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk prospective population study. Hospitalized pneumonia cases were identified from record linkage (ICD-10: J12-J18). For this study we excluded people with hospitalized pneumonia who died within 30 days. Each case identified was matched to four controls and followed up until the end June 2012 (total 15 074 person-years, mean 6·1 years, range 0·08–15·2 years). Cox regression models were constructed to examine the all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality using date of pneumonia onset as baseline with binary pneumonia status as exposure. A total of 2465 men and women (503 cases, 1962 controls) [mean age (s.d.) 64·5 (8·3) years] were included in the study. Between a 30-day to 1-year period, hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 7·3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 5·4–9·9] and 5·9 (95% CI 3·5–9·7), respectively (with very few respiratory deaths within the same period) in cases compared to controls after adjusting for age, sex, asthma, smoking status, pack years, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes, physical activity, waist-to-hip ratio, prevalent cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. All outcomes assessed also showed increased risk of death in cases compared to controls after 1 year; respiratory cause of death being the most significant during that period (HR 16·4, 95% CI 8·9–30·1). Hospitalized pneumonia was associated with increased all-cause and specific-cause mortality beyond 30 days.
A Study on the Design of Full-LTS 18-GHz ECR Ion Source for Heavy Ion Accelerator

An electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is an essential component of the heavy ion accelerator. The intensity of the highly charged ion beams extracted from the source can be increased by enlarging the physical volume of the ECR zone, which is one of the key elements of the ECR ion source. The ECR zone locates in a minimum B field configuration that is created by solenoids and hexapole. For an 18-GHz ECR ion source, hexapole is generally made by a permanent magnet. In this paper, a low-temperature superconductor (LTS) magnet was used instead of a permanent magnet because its cost becomes higher and higher, and finally, the mechanical stress of hexapole would be enhanced. First, the hexapole-in-solenoid system and the solenoid-in-hexapole system with several numbers of solenoid coils were analyzed. Then, the most appropriate arrangements for ECR systems were selected. The total length of LTS wire was minimized with the ECR zone volume and the maximum magnetic field in hexapole, respectively, using the evolution strategy method. Finally, the optimized design for a full-LTS 18-GHz ECR ion source was presented.
Biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus by Pichia anomala

Aflatoxins are extremely potent natural carcinogens and a major food safety concern because of potential contamination of food commodities. Threshold levels set by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration for aflatoxins in foods for domestic consumption are less than 20 parts/ billion (ppb). However, the European Union (EU) and Japan have set threshold levels at less than 4 ppb. These low tolerance levels increase potential for rejection of agricultural commodities from exporting countries. The major aflatoxin-producing fungus, Aspergillus flavus is ubiquitous in agricultural soils and has a broad ecological niche. The use of yeast as antagonists against Mycotoxin fungi is a promising approach to manage aflatoxin contamination via biological control. Research to enhance the effectiveness and mass production of biocontrol yeast will facilitate commercial product development for practical application. Pichia anomala WRL-076 has been demonstrated to reduce the spore production of A. flavus in both lab conditions and field experiments. Thus, P. anomala is likely to provide an economical means of managing aflatoxin contamination in food chain.
Improvement of the Phase Shifter in 90 $^{\circ}$ Power Splitter for UWB Applications

This letter presents an improvement of the T-type high-pass network inside the phase shifter of a broadband 90<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> or quadrature power splitter (QPS). This broadband QPS consists of a broadband Wilkinson power divider and a broadband 90<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> phase shifter. By the proposed design, the bottom layers of MIM capacitors are utilized as a coupled line to improve the bandwidth of phase error and return loss. The measured results of this QPS show the phase error of less than <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\pm 5^{\circ}$</tex></formula> and the imbalance at output ports of smaller than 0.3 dB from 3.1 to 11.1 GHz. Return losses of this QPS are better than 11.7 dB, and the isolation between two output ports is better than 15 dB within the same frequency range.
Intermediates in the assembly pathway of the double‐stranded RNA virus φ6

The double‐stranded RNA bacteriophage φ6 contains a nucleocapsid enclosed by a lipid envelope. The nucleocapsid has an outer layer of protein P8 and a core consisting of the four proteins P1, P2, P4 and P7. These four proteins form the polyhedral structure which acts as the RNA packaging and polymerase complex. Simultaneous expression of these four proteins in Escherichia coli gives rise to procapsids that can carry out the entire RNA replication cycle. Icosahedral image reconstruction from cryo‐electron micrographs was used to determine the three‐dimensional structures of the virion‐isolated nucleocapsid and core, and of several procapsid‐related particles expressed and assembled in E.coli. The nucleocapsid has a T = 13 surface lattice, composed primarily of P8. The core is a rounded structure with turrets projecting from the 5‐fold vertices, while the procapsid is smaller than the core and more dodecahedral. The differences between the core and the procapsid suggest that maturation involves extensive structural rearrangements producing expansion. These rearrangements are co‐ordinated with the packaging and RNA polymerization reactions that result in virus assembly. This structural characterization of the φ6 assembly intermediates reveals the ordered progression of obligate stages leading to virion assembly along with striking similarities to the corresponding Reoviridae structures.