Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quality changes in cocoyam flours during storage

Abstract Cocoyam tubers were subjected to two processing methods (fermentation and parboiling) and milled into flour. The samples were stored at 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C and analyzed at 2 weeks interval for 8 weeks for their nutritional, functional, and pasting properties. Data obtained were subjected to multiple analysis of variance. Storage period and its interactive effect with the processing methods had significant (P < 0.05) effects on all the nutritional composition of the flour except for the fat content. Water absorption index, wettability, and bulk density ranged from 1.94–2.72%, 25.30–135.50 sec, and 0.48–0.71 g/cm3, respectively. The entire pasting properties were significantly affected by the storage period while the interaction between storage temperature, processing methods, and storage period affected all the pasting properties except the peak time, peak, and breakdown viscosity. This study showed that processing methods storage periods and storage temperatures produced cocoyam flour with different quality characteristics.
Kinematic design of a humanoid robotic shoulder complex

We present a mechanical design for a humanoid robotic shoulder complex. The aim of the mechanism is to support the load of the arm and to copy four principal motions of the human shoulder in order to furnish the desired arm mobility and reachability. We utilize a fully parallel mechanism with four driven legs that provide to the movable platform (on which the arm is to be attached) three rotations and one translation. These three rotations represent the shoulder's flexion-extension (about the vertical axis), the shoulder's abduction-adduction (about the anterior-posterior axis), and the shoulder's rotation (about the medial-lateral axis). The fourth degree of freedom is controlled depending on the angles of the first two rotations and represents the shoulder contraction and enlargement along the medial-lateral axis.
Intrainsular functional connectivity in human

The anatomical organization of the insular cortex is characterized by its rich and heterogeneous cytoarchitecture and its wide network of connections. However, only limited knowledge is available regarding the intrainsular connections subserving the complex integrative role of the insular cortex. The aim of this study was to analyze the functional connectivity within‐ and across‐insular subregions, at both gyral and functional levels.
Gene and Protein Expression Pilot Profiling and Biomarkers in an Experimental Mouse Model of Hypertensive Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders causing the degeneration of the ganglion neurons of the retina. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is a hallmark risk factor promoting the death of ganglion neurons of the retina in glaucoma. Yet, the molecular processes underlying the degeneration of these neurons by increased IOP are not understood. To gain insight into the early molecular events and discover biomarkers induced by IOP, we performed gene and protein expression profiling to compare retinas of eyes with and without high IOP in a rodent model of experimental glaucoma. This pilot study found that the IOP-mediated changes in the transcription levels of a restricted set of genes implicated in peroxisomal and mitochondrial function, modulation of neuron survival and inflammatory processes, were also accompanied by changes in the levels of proteins encoded by the same genes. With the exception of the inflammatory markers, serum amyloid-A1 (SAA1) and serum amyloid-A2 (SAA2), the IOP-induced changes in protein expression were restricted to ganglion neurons of the retina and they were detected also in the vitreous, thus suggesting an early IOP-mediated loss of ganglion cell integrity. Interestingly, SAA1 and SAA2 were induced in retinal microglia cells, whereas they were reduced in sera of IOP-responsive mice. Hence, this study defines novel IOP-induced molecular processes, biomarkers and sources thereof, and it further validates the extension of the analyses herein reported to other genes modulated by IOP.
Low-Power Microwave Relaxation Oscillators Based on Phase-Change Oxides for Neuromorphic Computing

Neuro-inspired computing architectures are one of the leading candidates to solve complex, large-scale associative learning problems. The two key building blocks for neuromorphic computing are the synapse and the neuron, which form the distributed computing and memory units. Solid state implementations of these units remain an active area of research. Specifically, voltage or current controlled oscillators are considered a minimal representation of neurons for hardware implementations. Such oscillators should demonstrate synchronization and coupling dynamics for demonstrating collective learning behavior, besides the desirable individual characteristics such as scaling, power, and performance. To this end, we propose the use of nanoscale, epitaxial heterostructures of phase change oxides and oxides with metallic conductivity as a fundamental unit of an ultralow power, tunable electrical oscillator capable of operating in the microwave regime. Our simulations show that optimized heterostructure design with low thermal boundary resistance can result in operation frequency of up to 3 GHz and power consumption as low as 15 fJ/cycle with rich coupling dynamics between the oscillators.
What’s in a Domain? Multi-Domain Learning for Multi-Attribute Data

Multi-Domain learning assumes that a single metadata attribute is used in order to divide the data into so-called domains. However, real-world datasets often have multiple metadata attributes that can divide the data into domains. It is not always apparent which single attribute will lead to the best domains, and more than one attribute might impact classiﬁcation. We propose extensions to two multi-domain learning techniques for our multi-attribute setting, enabling them to simultaneously learn from several metadata attributes. Experimentally, they outperform the multi-domain learning baseline, even when it selects the single “best” attribute.
Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Large Cross-Sectional Study in the United Arab Emirates

Background: Studies on comorbidity of allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma have been carried out in developed countries; however, data from countries in development transition are lacking. Methods: In a randomly selected, age-stratified cohort of adolescent school children and their caretakers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), comorbidity of AR and asthma was calculated using multinomial regression to determine independent risk factors. Results: A total of 6,543 subjects were included in the study; the median age was 30 years (range 8–93), and 52% were males. The standardized prevalence of concomitant asthma and AR was 7.3%. AR subjects had a 3-fold increased risk of asthma compared to subjects without AR (23.8 and 7.5%, respectively). Immigrants had a significantly lower prevalence of comorbidity of AR and asthma [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33–0.85] compared to UAE nationals, while greater age carried a lower risk (adjusted OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.44–0.78), but a family history of both AR (adjusted OR 3.03, 95% CI 2.31–3.98) and asthma (adjusted OR 4.65, 95% CI 3.53–6.12) was strongly associated with the co-occurrence of these 2 conditions, while gender and education were not. Asthma patients with AR had more severe symptoms than those without, i.e. ‘dry cough at night’ in 65 versus 36%, β-mimeticum use in 42 versus 30%, and steroid use in 25 versus 13%, respectively. Conclusion: Comorbidity of asthma and AR in the UAE is high, with a prevalence of 7.3%. Both the underlying reasons and possibilities for better prevention now need to be focused on in future research.
Who Adopts Queer and Pansexual Sexual Identities?

Some nonheterosexual individuals are eschewing lesbian/gay and bisexual identities for queer and pansexual identities. The present study aimed to examine the sexual and demographic characteristics of nonheterosexual individuals who adopt these labels. A convenience sample of 2,220 nonheterosexual (1,459 lesbian/gay, 413 bisexual, 168 queer, 146 pansexual, and 34 other “write-in”) individuals were recruited for a cross-sectional online survey. In support of our hypotheses, those adopting pansexual identities were younger than those adopting lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities, and those adopting queer and pansexual identities were more likely to be noncisgender than cisgender, and more likely to be cisgender women than men. The majority of pansexual individuals demonstrated sexual orientation indices within the bisexual range, and showed equivalent patterns of sexual attraction, romantic attraction, sexual behavior, and partner gender as bisexual-identified men and women. In contrast, three-quarters of queer men, and more than half of queer women, reported sexual attraction in the homosexual range. This study found that rather than a general movement toward nontraditional sexual identities, queer and pansexual identities appear most appealing to nonheterosexual women and noncisgender individuals. These findings contribute important information regarding who adopts queer and pansexual identities in contemporary sexual minority populations.
Development of ultra wideband, high efficiency, distributed power amplifiers using discrete GaN HEMTs

This study describes the design and performance of a discrete ultra wideband GaN HEMT distributed power amplifier (DPA) with over 5 W (37 dBm) output power and a PAE exceeding 27% in the 0.02–3 GHz frequency range. The implemented DPA design is comprised of three discrete GaN HEMT devices. Its performance was enhanced using tapered drain lines and non-uniform gate capacitive coupling. The design methodology is based on both small and large signal analysis using harmonic balance technique, and their associated predicted and experimental results are discussed here in detail.
Shape recognition by using a scale-invariant model

The recognition of unknown shapes by maximum-likelihood methods is considered. The contour of a shape is represented by its centroidal profile, and it is fitted by a circular autoregressive model. Two different shape recognition problems are considered: the decision on the similarity of two unknown shapes and the classification of an unknown shape as one of many known shapes. Maximum-likelihood decision rules for these two cases are derived. The decision rules are invariant to translation, rotation, and size change after normalizing the estimates. The developed algorithms are used to classify eight classes of machine parts and eight classes of aircraft shapes. For each class, 60-80 samples are generated by rotating and dilating the original shape. In the experiment, more than 98% of the machine parts are classified correctly, and more than 97% of the aircraft shapes are correctly classified. This result is better than the results of previous model-based approaches. <<ETX>>
Multicentre study of abdominal aortic aneurysm measurement and enlargement

No effective treatment is currently available to prevent progression of small and medium‐sized abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Identification of drugs with sufficient promise to justify large expensive randomized trials remains challenging. One potentially useful strategy is to look for associations between commonly used drugs and AAA enlargement in appropriately adjusted observational studies.
From Vhdl to Fpga. a Case Study of a Fuzzy Logic Controller

The design of a fuzzy logic controller from VHDL description to FPGA implementation is presented in this paper. Each step in the design procedure is explained. Some FPGA implementation constraints are discovered and the ways to work around these problems are given. Some design for test (DFT) structures are implemented in the fuzzy logic controller.
Netalyzr: illuminating the edge network

In this paper we present Netalyzr, a network measurement and debugging service that evaluates the functionality provided by people's Internet connectivity. The design aims to prove both comprehensive in terms of the properties we measure and easy to employ and understand for users with little technical background. We structure Netalyzr as a signed Java applet (which users access via their Web browser) that communicates with a suite of measurement-specific servers. Traffic between the two then probes for a diverse set of network properties, including outbound port filtering, hidden in-network HTTP caches, DNS manipulations, NAT behavior, path MTU issues, IPv6 support, and access-modem buffer capacity. In addition to reporting results to the user, Netalyzr also forms the foundation for an extensive measurement of edge-network properties. To this end, along with describing Netalyzr 's architecture and system implementation, we present a detailed study of 130,000 measurement sessions that the service has recorded since we made it publicly available in June 2009.
Maternal pregnancy C-reactive protein predicts offspring birth size and body composition in metropolitan Cebu, Philippines

The gestational milieu is an important influence on fetal development and long-term disease risk. Here we assess relationships between maternal pregnancy inflammation, indicated by C-reactive protein (CRP), and offspring anthropometric outcomes measured soon after birth. Data come from female participants (n=327, age 24.4–30.2 years) in a longitudinal study located in Metropolitan Cebu, Philippines. Between 2009 and 2014, pregnancy interviews (n=429) were conducted during which questionnaire and anthropometric data were obtained along with dried blood spot cards for CRP measurement. Offspring body weight, length, head circumference and five skinfold thickness measures were obtained soon after birth. Maternal pregnancy CRP was borderline (−1.11±0.64 days/log-mg/l; P<0.1) inversely related to gestational age at delivery, but did not increase the likelihood of preterm delivery. After adjusting for maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, height, pregnancy adiposity, age, parity and other covariates, CRP was significantly, inversely related to offspring body weight (−0.047±0.017 kg/log-mg/l), length (−0.259±0.092 cm/log-mg/l) and sum of skinfolds (−0.520±0.190 mm/log-mg/l) (all P<0.05), and borderline inversely related to offspring head circumference (−0.102±0.068 cm/log-mg/l; P<0.1). Notably, relationships were continuous across the full CRP range, and not limited to unusually high levels of inflammation. These findings point to an important role of maternal non-specific immune activation as a predictor of offspring birth outcomes. In light of evidence that early life microbial, nutritional and stress experiences influence adult inflammatory regulation, these findings point to inflammation as a potential pathway for the intergenerational transmission of maternal experience to offspring health.
What is Beauty?

Let me start with Confucius who said “everything has its beauty but not everyone sees it”. Beauty is… We all remember sayings such as beauty is skin deep, is only skin deep, is not only skin deep, is in the eye of the beholder, comes from within and so forth. The American writer Jean Kerr said “I'm tired of all this nonsense about beauty being only skin deep. That's deep enough. What do you want - an adorable pancreas? ” And for those of you who believe in the new saying that beauty is in a jab and have come to hear about Botox, peels and fillers, they will not get a mention, so do leave now if you wish. But before you go, let me draw your attention to a poem of Thomas Campion a Renaissance English poet, of whom it was said “he had the generous illusions of youth; devoted to the studies of poetry, music, and medicine, clothed with that finer tact and sympathy which comes to a good physician”, surely still applicable to today's students, but in his poem he said: “Beauty is but a painted hell; shee wounds them that admire it, shee kils them that desire it. Give her pride but fuell, no fire is more cruell. ” But beauty is not just a visual experience; it is a characteristic that provides a perceptual experience to the eye, the ear, the intellect, the aesthetic faculty, or the moral sense. It is the qualities that give pleasure, meaning or satisfaction to the senses, but in this talk I wish to concentrate on the eye, the intellect and the moral sense. It was the late CP Snow, a true polymath, who gave the Rede lecture in 1959 and subsequently wrote a book, both under the title The Two Cultures, in which he bemoaned the split that had taken place between the scientists and the literary intellectuals. In education, when I was at school and to a large degree it remains, even today, there is a division as to whether one follows a scientific or an arts direction, to the detriment of the other. His theory was boosted when the critic FR Leavis published his attack on the Two Cultures. He wrote of Snow's “complete ignorance of history, literature and the history of civilization… his incapacity as a novelist is … total… not only is he not a genius he is intellectually as undistinguished as it is possible to be. ” For those of you who have come expecting a little gentle admonition, I am afraid you are going to be either relieved or disappointed; as there is no way that I could match that. But it is one of history's ironies that nearly eighty years earlier, Matthew Arnold in giving the same lecture had made the opposite point. Written in response to an argument that literature should and inevitably would be supplanted by science, he argued, “so long as human nature is what it is, culture would continue to provide mankind with its fulcrum of moral understanding”. I would suggest that there is still a role for science and art in modern medicine and I wish to show that they should be interlinked in the training for and practice of medicine.
Evaluation of a pictograph enhancement system for patient instruction: a recall study

OBJECTIVE We developed a novel computer application called Glyph that automatically converts text to sets of illustrations using natural language processing and computer graphics techniques to provide high quality pictographs for health communication. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the Glyph system to illustrate a set of actual patient instructions, and tested patient recall of the original and Glyph illustrated instructions. METHODS We used Glyph to illustrate 49 patient instructions representing 10 different discharge templates from the University of Utah Cardiology Service. 84 participants were recruited through convenience sampling. To test the recall of illustrated versus non-illustrated instructions, participants were asked to review and then recall a set questionnaires that contained five pictograph-enhanced and five non-pictograph-enhanced items. RESULTS The mean score without pictographs was 0.47 (SD 0.23), or 47% recall. With pictographs, this mean score increased to 0.52 (SD 0.22), or 52% recall. In a multivariable mixed effects linear regression model, this 0.05 mean increase was statistically significant (95% CI 0.03 to 0.06, p<0.001). DISCUSSION In our study, the presence of Glyph pictographs improved discharge instruction recall (p<0.001). Education, age, and English as first language were associated with better instruction recall and transcription. CONCLUSIONS Automated illustration is a novel approach to improve the comprehension and recall of discharge instructions. Our results showed a statistically significant in recall with automated illustrations. Subjects with no-colleague education and younger subjects appeared to benefit more from the illustrations than others.
Data Visualization : Principles and Practice

The goal of data visualization is to use images to improve our understanding of a dataset, drawing on techniques from mathematics, computer science, cognitive and perception science, and physics. In this introductory text, the author provides a compact introduction to the field that allows readers to learn about visualization techniques. The material focuses on those techniques and methods that have a broad applicability in visualization applications, occur in most practical problems in various guises, and do not demand a specialized background to be understood. However, the author has also included a number of less mainstream visualization techniques. With these methods, the book gives the reader an idea of the large variety of applications of data visualizations, illustrates the wide range of problems that can be tackled by such methods, and emphasizes the strong connections between visualization and related disciplines such as imaging and computer graphics.
A Modular Design Space Exploration Framework for Embedded Systems

This paper introduces design space exploration as one of the major tasks in embedded system design. After reviewing existing exploration methods at various layers of abstraction, a generic approach is described based on multi-objective criteria, black-box optimisation and randomised search strategies. The interface between problem-speciﬁc and generic parts of the exploration framework is made explicit by deﬁning an interface called PISA. This spec-iﬁcation and implementation interface and the availability of a wide range of randomised multi-objective search methods makes the proposed framework accessible to a wide range of exploration problems. It resolves the problem that existing optimisation methods can not be coupled easily to the problem-speciﬁc part of a design exploration tool.
A Two-Component  $K$–Lognormal Mixture Model and Its Parameter Estimation Method

Statistical models are used for describing the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data and are the basis of SAR image interpretations. Appropriate statistical models that can accurately describe the SAR image data are essential for the performances of SAR image interpretations. A statistical model, which is a mixture of K distribution and lognormal distribution, is proposed in this paper. This mixture model is able to model the clutter data, the target data, or the mixed data of clutter and target. This mixture model is also able to describe the proportions of clutter region and target region in a scene as well as the statistical properties of the clutter data and target data in the scene. A maximum likelihood method using the expectation-maximization approach is derived for estimating the parameters of the mixture model. Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the mixture model (together with the proposed parameter estimation method) for modeling the SAR data.
English-to-Korean Web translator : “FromTo/Web-EK”

The previous English-Korean MT system that have been developed in Korea have dealt with only written text as translation object. Most of them enumerated a following list of the problems that had not seemed to be easy to solve in the near future : 1) processing of non-continuous idiomatic expressions 2) reduction of too many POS or structural ambiguities 3) robust processing for long sentence and parsing failure 4) selecting correct word correspondence between several alternatives. The problems can be considered as important factors that have influence on the translation quality of machine translation system. This paper describes not only the solutions of problems of the previous English-to-Korean machine translation systems but also the HTML tags management between two structurally different languages, English and Korean. Through the solutions we translate successfully English web documents into Korean one in the English-to-Korean web translator "FromTo/Web-EK" which has been developed from 1997.