Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proactive Monitoring via Jamming in Amplify-and-Forward Relay Networks

To legitimately monitor suspicious wireless communications is an important issue. In this letter, we propose a proactive monitoring via jamming scheme over an amplify-and-forward relay network, which consists of a legitimate monitor, a suspicious source, a suspicious relay, and a suspicious destination. Our objective is to design the optimal jamming power to maximize average monitoring rate at the legitimate monitor. For the optimization problem, we propose to find the true optimal jamming power by a bisection search method. Furthermore, we propose an approximate optimal jamming scheme whose closed-form expression on average monitoring rate is theoretically derived. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed true optimal jamming scheme outperforms passive monitoring and proactive monitoring via constant-power jamming. Furthermore, our proposed approximate optimal jamming scheme achieves almost the same average monitoring rate as true optimal one.
Control of the size for octahedral FePt nanoparticles and their magnetic properties

Octahedral FePt nanoparticles were prepared by the alternate deposition of FePt and MgO layers on MgO(001) single crystal substrates. The formation of highly ordered L1/sub 0/ structure with the [001] orientation perpendicular to the plane was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscope observation clearly showed that the size of the octahedral FePt nanoparticles can be controlled by the repetition number of FePt and MgO layers.
Triangular Impressed Design in Palestinian Pottery

matter of fact, that letter is even graphically more probably r than w. '3 If Torczyner has read the sign after the I in 1. 2 correctly, he is of course right in restoring the rest of the proper name HIachaliah, Neh. 1: 1. The photograph, however, leaves it doubtful whether there is any letter there at all. If there is not, then perhaps nothing has been lost at the end of 1. 1; for its last two letters combine with 1. 2 to yield an ancient Hebrew monthname yrh kl, which would be identical with the Gezer month-name yrh qqr wkl. -15 No. XXI reads: (1) '". '[dny . ym' yhw] (2) h. t'[dny sm't ilm my '] (3) bdk. klb. ky (4) ws' h[ ] (5) wh'--"To my lord . May YHWH cause my lord to hear tidings of peace. Who is thy servant, a dog, that he should bring forth (? ) the (? ) . " The resemblance between the opening sentences of this letter and those of II and V (both a few years younger than it) is very striking. Thanks are due to Prof. Torczyner, the Jewish Palestine Exploration Society and the Bialik Foundation of the Jewish Agency for Palestine for performing a worthwhile task in difficult times.
Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover, Hip Bone Loss, and Fracture in Older Men: The MrOS Study

We used data from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study to test the hypothesis that men with higher levels of bone turnover would have accelerated bone loss and an elevated risk of fracture. MrOS enrolled 5995 subjects >65 yr; hip BMD was measured at baseline and after a mean follow‐up of 4.6 yr. Nonspine fractures were documented during a mean follow‐up of 5.0 yr. Using fasting serum collected at baseline and stored at −190°C, bone turnover measurements (type I collagen N‐propeptide [PINP]; β C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type I collagen [βCTX]; and TRACP5b) were obtained on 384 men with nonspine fracture (including 72 hip fractures) and 947 men selected at random. Among randomly selected men, total hip bone loss was 0.5%/yr among those in the highest quartile of PINP (>44.3 ng/ml) and 0.3%/yr among those in the lower three quartiles (p = 0.01). Fracture risk was elevated among men in the highest quartile of PINP (hip fracture relative hazard = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.68; nonspine relative hazard = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.05) or βCTX (hip fracture relative hazard = 1.76, 95 CI: 1.04, 2.98; nonspine relative hazard = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.69) but not TRACP5b. Further adjustment for baseline hip BMD eliminated all associations between bone turnover and fracture. We conclude that higher levels of bone turnover are associated with greater hip bone loss in older men, but increased turnover is not independently associated with the risk of hip or nonspine fracture.
Nonrelativistic Asymptotics of Solitary Waves in the Dirac Equation with Soler-Type Nonlinearity

We use the perturbation theory to build solitary wave solutions $\phi_\omega(x)e^{-i\omega t}$ to the nonlinear Dirac equation in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\ge 1$, with the Soler-type nonlinear term $f(\psi^*\beta\psi)\beta\psi$ with $f(\tau)=|\tau|^k+o(|\tau|^k)$, $k>0$, which is continuous but not necessarily differentiable. We obtain the asymptotics of solitary waves in the nonrelativistic limit $\omega\lesssim m$; these asymptotics are important for the linear stability analysis of solitary wave solutions. We also show that in the case when the power of the nonlinearity is Schrodinger charge critical ($k=2/n$), then one has $Q'(\omega)<0$ for $\omega\lesssim m$ with $Q(\omega)$ being the charge of the corresponding solitary wave; this implies the absence of the degeneracy of zero eigenvalue of the linearization at this solitary wave.
Analysing the Causes of Depressed Mood from Depression Vulnerable Individuals

We develop a computational model to discover the potential causes of depression by analysing the topics in a usergenerated text. We show the most prominent causes, and how these causes evolve over time. Also, we highlight the differences in causes between students with low and high neuroticism. Our studies demonstrate that the topics reveal valuable clues about the causes contributing to depressed mood. Identifying causes can have a significant impact on improving the quality of depression care; thereby providing greater insights into a patient’s state for pertinent treatment recommendations. Hence, this study significantly expands the ability to discover the potential factors that trigger depression, making it possible to increase the efficiency of depression treatment.
Interactive factory scheduling using discrete event simulation

Interactive simulation based scheduling offers new and powerful capabilities to the manufacturing manager. The effectiveness of the technique is dependent on the completeness of the data base, the ease of use and the ability of the model to accurately reflect actual manufacturing situations. The use of these techniques allows floor level managers to spend their time on personnel management, not as high paid bookkeepers.
Channel capacity and error exponents of variable rate adaptive channel coding for Rayleigh fading channels

We have evaluated the information theoretical performance of variable rate adaptive channel coding for Rayleigh fading channels. The channel states are detected at the receiver and fed back to the transmitter by means of a noiseless feedback link. Based on the channel state informations, the transmitter can adjust the channel coding scheme accordingly. Coherent channel and arbitrary channel symbols with a fixed average transmitted power constraint are assumed. The channel capacity and the error exponent are evaluated and the optimal rate control rules are found for Rayleigh fading channels with feedback of channel states. It is shown that the variable rate scheme can only increase the channel error exponent. The effects of additional practical constraints and finite feedback delays are also considered. Finally, we compare the performance of the variable rate adaptive channel coding in high bandwidth-expansion systems (CDMA) and high bandwidth-efficiency systems (TDMA).
The Limits of Quantitative Methods in History

1THIS ARTICLE DEALS with seven questions: should quiantitative methods be used in history? what is the status of the effort to apply quantitative methods to history? what kinds of quantitative methods should be used in history? will the use of quantitative methods make history scientific? to what kinds of issues should quantitative methods be applied? what role should quantitative methods play in the graduate training of history students? and what can be done to overcome the problem in communication created by the intrusion of explicit quantitative methods into historical l iterature?
Learned vs. engineered features for fine-grained classification of aquatic macroinvertebrates

Aquatic macroinvertebrate biomonitoring is an efficient way of assessment of slow and subtle anthropogenic changes and their effect on water quality. It is imperative to have reliable identification and counts of the various taxa occurring in samples as these form the basis for the quality indices used to infer the ecological status of the aquatic ecosystem. In this paper, we try to close the gap between human taxa identification accuracy (typically 90–95% on 30–40 classes of macroinvertebrates) and results of automatic fine-grained classification by introducing a novel technique based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). CNN learns optimal features for macroinvertebrate classification and achieves near human accuracy when tested on 29 macroinvertebrate classes. Moreover, we perform comparative evaluation of the learned features against the hand-crafted features, which have been commonly used in classical approaches, and confirm superiority of the learned deep features over the engineered ones.
Remifentanil post‐conditioning attenuates cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury via κ or δ opioid receptor activation

Background: Ischemic pre‐ or post‐conditioning of the heart has been shown to involve opioid receptors. Remifentanil, an ultra‐short‐acting selective μ opioid receptor agonist in clinical use, pre‐conditions the rat heart against ischemia–reperfusion injury. This study investigates whether remifentanil post‐conditioning is also cardioprotective.
Two-generator-concepts for electric power generation in More Electric Aircraft Engine

In this paper an Aircraft power generation topology is proposed for a More Electric Engine. There two generators are attached to the engine, a startergenerator on the high pressure- and a generator on the low pressure shaft. Both electric outputs are connected in parallel and feed together one 270 VDC power system of the airplane. The aim is to control the power of the two generators. Therefore several control concepts are suggested which are analyzed in error-free operation as well as in error condition. Via a simulation model it is shown that all proposed concepts can realize the power splitting between the two generators. However, there are differences in the control dynamics and in the behavior under error conditions.
Stoichiometric model and metabolic flux analysis for Leptospirillum ferrooxidans

A metabolic model for Leptospirillum ferrooxidans was developed based on the genomic information of an analogous iron oxidizing bacteria and on the pathways of ferrous iron oxidation, nitrogen and CO2 assimilation based on experimental evidence for L. ferrooxidans found in the literature. From this metabolic reconstruction, a stoichiometric model was built, which includes 86 reactions describing the main catabolic and anabolic aspects of its metabolism. The model obtained has 2 degrees of freedom, so two external fluxes were estimated to achieve a determined and observable system. By using the external oxygen consumption rate and the generation flux biomass as input data, a metabolic flux map with a distribution of internal fluxes was obtained. The results obtained were verified with experimental data from the literature, achieving a very good prediction of the metabolic behavior of this bacterium at steady state. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107:696–706. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prediction of subharmonic oscillation in switching regulators with integrative feedback loops

This paper investigates the effect of the integrator gain on subharmonic oscillation boundary in switching converters with fixed frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) with an integrative feedback loop. First, the exact state-space switched model of the converter is revisited and then a closed-form expression for predicting this phenomenon is presented. The use of this expression is illustrated by means of two different examples f switching converters. While in voltage mode control, the integral action can be ignored for predicting subharmonic oscillation, it is shown the integral action in the current loop has a significant effect on this phenomenon.
Refinement Planning and Acting

In several publications over the past few years, we argued that the automated planning research literature has underestimated the importance and difficulty of deliberative acting. We have outlined an algorithm, RAE, for deliberative acting. We now give give an overview of SeRPE, a planning algorithm designed to be integrated with RAE. Additional details about both RAE and SeRPE are in Chapter 3 of our new book, Automated Planning and Acting.
The biosynthesis and biological function of diphthamide

Abstract Eukaryotic and archaeal elongation factor 2 contains a unique post-translationally modified histidine residue, named diphthamide. Genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that diphthamide biosynthesis involves a multi-step pathway that is evolutionally conserved among lower and higher eukaryotes. During certain bacterial infections, diphthamide is specifically recognized by bacterial toxins, including diphtheria toxin, Pseudomonas exotoxin A and cholix toxin. Although the pathological relevance is well studied, the physiological function of diphthamide is still poorly understood. Recently, many new interesting developments in understanding the biosynthesis have been reported. Here, we review the current understanding of the biosynthesis and biological function of diphthamide.
Chronic psychosocial stress induces visceral hyperalgesia in mice

Experimental and clinical evidence has shown that chronic stress plays an important role in the onset and/or exacerbation of symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate whether exposure to a chronic and temporally unpredictable psychosocial stressor alters visceral and somatic nociception as well as anxiety-related behaviour. In male C57BL/6J mice, chronic stress was induced by repeated exposure to social defeat (SD, 2 h) and overcrowding (OC, 24 h) during 19 consecutive days. Visceral and somatic nociception was evaluated by colorectal distension and a hot plate, respectively. The social interaction test was used to assess social anxiety. Mice exposed to psychosocial stress developed visceral hyperalgesia and somatic hypoalgesia 24 h following the last stress session. SD/OC mice also exhibited social anxiety-like behaviour. All these changes were also associated with physiological alterations, measured as a decreased faecal pellet output and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disruption. Taken together, these data confirm that this mouse model of chronic psychosocial stress may be useful for studies on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying such stress-associated disorders and to further test potential therapies.
Bis(2-amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-κN 3)dichloridocobalt(II)

In the monomeric title complex, [CoCl2(C3H5N3S)2], the CoII atom is tetracoordinated by two chloride anions and two N atoms from two monodentate 2-amino-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole ligands, giving a slightly distorted tetrahedral stereochemistry [bond angle range about Co = 105.16 (12)–112.50 (10)°]. In the complex, the dihedral angle between the 1,3,4-thiadiazole planes in the two ligands is 72.8 (1)°. There are two intramolecular N—H⋯Cl interactions in the complex unit, while in the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯N and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link these units into a two-dimensional layered structure parallel to (011).
Analysis of Abnormal Call Drops in LTE Network with Unsupervised Techniques

Irregular call drop investigation concentrates on fault investigating. In a 4G network, when a call is dropped due to some RF issues, we are unable to determine the exact cause of such dropped call which may impact the network operator’s revenue. Generally Service provider send his technicians to physical site to collect bits of knowledge and data , however as the framework measure and multifaceted nature grows this operation and upkeep task ends up being more problematic. This article gives a methodology to decide underlying driver of an issue without additional cost to make the network more exact about determining cause of dropped call.
Natural Selection of Parental Ability to Vary the Sex Ratio of Offspring

Theory and data suggest that a male in good condition at the end of the period of parental investment is expected to outreproduce a sister in similar condition, while she is expected to outreproduce him if both are in poor condition. Accordingly, natural selection should favor parental ability to adjust the sex ratio of offspring produced according to parental ability to invest. Data from mammals support the model: As maternal condition declines, the adult female tends to produce a lower ratio of males to females.
Techniques for analyzing dynamic random graph models of web‐like networks: An overview

Various random graph models have recently been proposed to replicate and explain the topology of large, complex, real‐life networks such as the World Wide Web and the Internet. These models are surveyed in this article. Our focus has primarily been on dynamic random graph models that attempt to account for the observed statistical properties of web‐like networks through certain dynamic processes guided by simple stochastic rules. Particular attention is paid to the equivalence between mathematical definitions of dynamic random graphs in terms of inductively defined probability spaces and algorithmic definitions of such models in terms of recursive procedures. Several techniques that have been employed for studying dynamic random graphs—both heuristic and analytic—are expounded. Each technique is illustrated through its application in analyzing various graph parameters, such as degree distribution, degree‐correlation between adjacent nodes, clustering coefficient, distribution of node‐pair distances, and connected‐component size. A discussion of the most recent salient work and a comprehensive list of references in this rapidly‐expanding area are included. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2008
An HMM approach to genome-wide identification of differential histone modification sites from ChIP-seq data

MOTIVATION Epigenetic modifications are one of the critical factors to regulate gene expression and genome function. Among different epigenetic modifications, the differential histone modification sites (DHMSs) are of great interest to study the dynamic nature of epigenetic and gene expression regulations among various cell types, stages or environmental responses. To capture the histone modifications at whole genome scale, ChIP-seq technology is becoming a robust and comprehensive approach. Thus the DHMSs are potentially identifiable by comparing two ChIP-seq libraries. However, little has been addressed on this issue in literature. RESULTS Aiming at identifying DHMSs, we propose an approach called ChIPDiff for the genome-wide comparison of histone modification sites identified by ChIP-seq. Based on the observations of ChIP fragment counts, the proposed approach employs a hidden Markov model (HMM) to infer the states of histone modification changes at each genomic location. We evaluated the performance of ChIPDiff by comparing the H3K27me3 modification sites between mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) and neural progenitor cell (NPC). We demonstrated that the H3K27me3 DHMSs identified by our approach are of high sensitivity, specificity and technical reproducibility. ChIPDiff was further applied to uncover the differential H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 sites between different cell states. Interesting biological discoveries were achieved from such comparison in our study.
Current-mode multi-path excess loop delay compensation for GHz sampling CT ΣΔ ADCs

This paper proposes both system-level and circuit-level solutions of a current-mode multi-path excess loop delay (ELD) compensation technique for continuous-time (CT) ΣΔ ADCs with multi-bit quantization and several GHz sampling rate. Thanks to the proposed solutions, the amplifier of the loop filter is not in the fast feedback (FB) loop; the delay of the pre-amplifier of the comparator is removed; and the effective regeneration time of the comparator latch is maximized. The proposed novelties enable CT ΣΔ ADCs with wide signal bandwidth and improved power efficiency. Extensive transistor-level simulations demonstrate their effectiveness and robustness. This work validates the proposed methods by transistor level design and simulations of an 8.4 GHz MASH ΣΔ ADC achieving an SNDR of 71 dB in a signal band of 600 MHz. This shows that our proposed solutions enable power-efficient multi-GHz ΣΔ ADC applications.
Recommended Methods for the Characterization of Red Cell Pyruvate Kinase Variants *

Pyruvate kinase (ATP: pyruvate phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40, PK) deficiency associated with hereditary nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia was first reported in 1961 (Valentine et al, 1961). I t has become increasingly apparent that most, if not all, cases of PK deficiency are caused by the production of mutant enzymes with abnormal characteristics. A variety of techniques and methods have thus far been used in different laboratories for characterizing PK variants. The use of standard methods for the analysis of PK variants would make it possible to compare results obtained in different laboratories, and to identify variants on the basis of biochemical parameters as well as clinical manifestations. Such methods have been developed through a collaborative effort among members of a working group of the ICSH Expert Panel on Red Cell Enzymes, and comprise the major part of this report. As far as possible, a common buffer system, substrate and co-factor solution are proposed in order to simplify the methodology as well as the interpretation of data. The number of essential parameters for abnormal PK are minimized because of the limitation of both time required for the studies and volume of blood obtainable from a patient. This does not imply that other procedures such as urea stability (Koster et a l , 1971; Miwa et al , 1975), alanine inhibition (Staal et al, 1976), immunological methods (Lincoln et al , 1975; Miwa et al , 1975; Kahn et a l , 1976), isoelectric focusing (lbsen & Trippet, 1971; Kahn et al , 1976; Oda et a l , 1976), etc., are unimportant. Rather, it is suggested that these other studies be done optionally for further understanding of the abnormal characteristics of the variant enzymes.