Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Critical Neurodevelopmental Role for L-Type Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Neurite Extension and Radial Migration

Despite many association studies linking gene polymorphisms and mutations of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, the roles of specific L-type VGCC during brain development remain unclear. Calcium signaling has been shown to be essential for neurodevelopmental processes such as sculpting of neurites, functional wiring, and fine tuning of growing networks. To investigate this relationship, we performed submembraneous calcium imaging using a membrane-tethered genetically encoded calcium indicator (GECI) Lck-G-CaMP7. We successfully recorded spontaneous regenerative calcium transients (SRCaTs) in developing mouse excitatory cortical neurons prepared from both sexes before synapse formation. SRCaTs originated locally in immature neurites independently of somatic calcium rises and were significantly more elevated in the axons than in dendrites. SRCaTs were not blocked by tetrodoxin, a Na+ channel blocker, but were strongly inhibited by hyperpolarization, suggesting a voltage-dependent source. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations revealed the critical importance of the Cav1.2 (CACNA1C) pore-forming subunit of L-type VGCCs, which were indeed expressed in immature mouse brains. Consistently, knocking out Cav1.2 resulted in significant alterations of neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, expression of a gain-of-function Cav1.2 mutant found in Timothy syndrome, an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder exhibiting syndromic autism, resulted in impaired radial migration of layer 2/3 excitatory neurons, whereas postnatal abrogation of Cav1.2 enhancement could rescue cortical malformation. Together, these lines of evidence suggest a critical role for spontaneous opening of L-type VGCCs in neural development and corticogenesis and indicate that L-type VGCCs might constitute a perinatal therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric calciochannelopathies. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Despite many association studies linking gene polymorphisms and mutations of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, the roles of specific L-type VGCCs during brain development remain unclear. We here combined the latest Ca2+ indicator technology, quantitative pharmacology, and in utero electroporation and found a hitherto unsuspected role for L-type VGCCs in determining the Ca2+ signaling landscape of mouse immature neurons. We found that malfunctional L-type VGCCs in immature neurons before birth might cause errors in neuritic growth and cortical migration. Interestingly, the retarded corticogenesis phenotype was rescued by postnatal correction of L-type VGCC signal aberration. These findings suggest that L-type VGCCs might constitute a perinatal therapeutic target for neurodevelopment-associated psychiatric disorders.
Decision Support System (DSS) analysis in raw material warehouse using system dynamics model (case study: PT. Modera Furintraco Industri)

PT. Modera Furintraco Industri is a manufacturing company that produces office furniture, such as table, drawer, and office cabinet. Office furniture products manufactured by Modera use the main raw material, namely particle board. Errors in decision making in particle board supplies can affect the production cycle which has an impact on increasing waste, cost, and decreasing profit. Decision-making techniques such as the application of the Decision Support System (DSS) can be used to assist the decision-making process in the particle board inventory process in the warehouse of raw materials. The right decision-making analysis using system dynamics model can helps logistics managers in determining the right scenario in order to achieving optimal results. The AME calculation for model validation produces a value of 15.97% (raw material stock ready), 6.34% (customer demand), 13.06% (finished goods), and 3.53% (profit). The system dynamics model simulation results show that scenario 1 is the best decision scenario for companies with an average growth rate for ready stock raw materials variabel is 2288 pcs, customer demand is 393 pcs, finished goods is 376 pcs, and profit is Rp 92,140,000, 00-Rp 226,485,000.00.
Diophantine problems in rings and algebras: undecidability and reductions to rings of algebraic integers

We study systems of equations in different families of rings and algebras. In each such structure $R$ we interpret by systems of equations (e-interpret) a ring of integers $O$ of a global field. The long standing conjecture that $\mathbb{Z}$ is always e-interpretable in $O$ then carries over to $R$, and if true it implies that the Diophantine problem in $R$ is undecidable. The conjecture is known to be true if $O$ has positive characteristic, i.e. if $O$ is not a ring of algebraic integers. As a corollary we describe families of structures where the Diophantine problem is undecidable, and in other cases we conjecture that it is so. In passing we obtain that the first order theory with constants of all the aforementioned structures $R$ is undecidable.
Visual Processing of Derivational Morphology in Chi ldren with Developmental Dyslexia: Insights from Masked Priming (Short title: Morphological Processing in Dyslexic Children)

We investigated whether children with dyslexia rely on derivational morphology during visual word recognition, and how the semanti c and form properties of morphemes influence this processing. We conducted two masked priming experiments, in which we manipulated the semantic overlap (Experiment 1) and the form overlap (Experiment 2) between morphologically related pairs of words. In each experiment, French dyslexic readers as well as reading-level matched and chronologicalage matched children performed a lexical decision task. Significant priming effects were obs erved in all groups, indicating that their lexicon is organized around morpheme units. Further more, the dyslexics’ processing of written morphology is mainly influenced by the sema ntic properties of morphemes, whereas children from the two control groups are mainly inf luenced by their form properties. Abstract word count: 120word count: 120 Key-words developmental dyslexia ; derivational morphology ; visual word recognition ; masked priming
eview ole of fibroblast growth factors in organ regeneration and repair lie

In its broad sense, regeneration refers to the renewal of lost cells, tissues or organs as part of the normal life cycle (skin, hair, endometrium etc.) or as part of an adaptive mechanism that organisms have developed throughout evolution. For example, worms, starfish and amphibians have developed remarkable regenerative capabilities allowing them to voluntarily shed body parts, in a process called autotomy, only to replace the lost parts afterwards. The bizarre myth of the fireproof homicidal salamander that can survive fire and poison apple trees has persisted until the 20th century. Salamanders possess one of the most robust regenerative machineries in vertebrates and attempting to draw lessons from limb regeneration in these animals and extrapolate the knowledge to mammals is a never-ending endeavor.
A comparative analysis of the formal literature curriculum in six European countries

This study is a comparative analysis of literary curricula in six European countries and is part of the LiFT2 project, funded by the Comenius Life Long Learning Programme of the European Commission. The result of this project was a European literary framework for secondary education which can be described as a developmental competence-based taxonomy for teachers (www.literaryframework.eu). In this article we chart the paradigmatic tendencies of the literature teaching curricula between grades 7 and 12 of five countries (Czech Republic, Finland, the Netherlands, Portugal and Romania) and three German states (Bavaria, Lower Saxony, Thuringia). The aim of this study was to discover the degree to which these tendencies corresponded to the developmental European Literary Framework we have conceived on the basis of the shared pedagogical content knowledge of teachers and experts in six countries. The conclusion is that most of the analysed literary curricula are open to a developmental competence-based framework, but additional research is needed to determine whether Europe as a whole is ready for such a framework.
Polyelectrolyte Brushes as Ink Nanoreservoirs for Microcontact Printing of Ionic Species with Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Stamps

In this work a new variation of microcontact printing is described, which is used to transfer chemical patterns onto different substrates. The approach is based on the use of conventional elastomeric stamps modified with polyelectrolyte brushes. It is demonstrated that, by using stamps modified with brushes acting as preconcentrating/sorbent nanolayers, it is possible to control the uptake of aqueous inks containing ionic species. This controlled uptake can be easily used for site‐selective delivery of the loaded species by means of soft lithography. The potential of this approach is demonstrated by creating patterned counterion domains in a flat polyelectrolyte brush and by promoting a site‐selective metallization through galvanic displacement reactions with reactive species.
Under Surveillance and Overwrought: American Muslims’ Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Government Surveillance

After the 9/11 attacks, various United States law enforcement and intelligence agencies increased their monitoring and surveillance of American Muslims. We assessed the prevalence of such experiences with a sample of American Muslims. Onefifth of participants reported personal experiences with government surveillance. Relative to those not monitored, American Muslims who reported being monitored also reported being more anxious— but not more angry— about the prospect of government surveillance. Additionally, those monitored reported being more likely to modify their behaviors, avoiding contexts that might lead to government suspicion and future surveillance. Anxieties over the prospect of surveillance mediated the relationship between being previously monitored and modifying their behaviors. Parallels between these findings and literature on social identity threat and emotion regulation are discussed.
Sidelobe Suppression with Resolution Maintenance for SAR Images via Sparse Representation

Severe sidelobe interference is one of the major problems with traditional Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging. In the observation scene of sea areas, the number of targets in the observation scene is so small that targets can be regarded as sparse. Taking this into account, a method of sidelobe suppression, on the basis of sparsity constraint regularization, is proposed to reduce sidelobes of Gaofen-3 (GF-3) images in sea areas of the image domain. This proposed method has a prominent sidelobe suppression effect with resolution maintenance and without destruction of amplitude and phase information. This method can also be applied to SAR images of other satellites. In addition to the employment of peak sidelobe ratio (PSLR) and integrated sidelobe ratio (ISLR) in evaluating sidelobe suppression level, AE (amplitude error) and PE (phase error) are firstly defined for the evaluation of amplitude and phase-preserving quality, respectively. Through the proposed method, AE and PE values are nearly unchanged and the PSLR and ISLR are significantly reduced. The method, as an important part of the quality-improvement project of GF-3, has been successfully applied to the sidelobe suppression of GF-3 data.
Weakly-supervised Text Categorization from Different Sources

Supervised and semi-supervised text categorization have been well studied in data mining and NLP applications. Many conventional approaches rely on large amount of labeled documents to train a good classifier that is used later to categorize unlabeled data. In real-world scenarios, however, labeling a large number of documents is time consuming and sometimes even impossible. Therefore, it is often desirable to use methods that leverage weak supervision sources instead of massive labeled documents. In this paper, we propose a framework for text categorization that can leverage different kinds of weak supervision sources from users, including class surface names, class keywords or few labeled documents. Our experiments on several realworld datasets show that our framework outperforms several state-of-the-art weakly-supervised and semisupervised algorithms, and that although weak supervision sources can be of different forms, if leveraged properly, they can all contribute to accurate text categorization.
Defining Platelet-Rich Plasma Usage by Team Physicians in Elite Athletes

Background: The indications for the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are vaguely defined despite the frequency of its use as a treatment for athletes. While select studies have advocated for its efficacy, the majority of orthopaedic research conducted on the topic has been equivocal. Purpose: To define the use of PRP in elite athletes by team physicians from professional sports leagues. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A survey assessing treatment timing, usage patterns, indications, and complications was generated by fellowship-trained sports medicine orthopaedic surgeons. The survey was distributed to team physicians from the National Football League, National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, National Hockey League, Major League Soccer, and the “Power 5” Division I conferences of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. From a compilation of publicly available email addresses and those available from professional team physician associations, 149 team physicians were sent this PRP assessment tool. Results: Of the 149 professional and collegiate team physicians contacted, 59 started the survey and 46 completed it, resulting in a 39.6% participation rate and a 30.9% completion rate. Approximately 93% of physicians stated that they use PRP in their practices, and 72% use ultrasonography for injection guidance. On average, collegiate team physicians and National Football League physicians treated the most players per season with PRP (69.4 and 60.4 players, respectively), while National Hockey League physicians treated the fewest (18.0 players). The majority of respondents reported no complications from PRP injections (70%), with pain being the most common complication reported (26%). There was no consensus on the most important aspect of PRP formulation, with the top 2 responses being platelet concentration (48%) and white blood cell concentration (39%). When grading the importance of indications to use PRP, physicians found athlete desire on average (7.5 ± 2.2 [SD]; out of 10) to be more important than reimbursement (2.2 ± 2.2) (P < .001). Importantly, physicians stated that they moderately (5.4 ± 2.3) believed in the evidence behind PRP. Physicians listed hamstring injuries as the most common injury treated with PRP. Hamstring injuries were treated with a mean 3.14 PRP injections, as opposed to 2.19 injections for nonhamstring injuries. Conclusion: Professional and collegiate team physicians frequently use PRP despite a lack of consensus regarding the importance of the formulation of the product, the timing of treatment, and the conditions that would most benefit from PRP treatment.
Coupled Vegetation and Soil Moisture Dynamics Modeling in Heterogeneous and Sloping Terrains

Two vegetation dynamic models (VDMs) were coupled to a soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer scheme aimed at simulating water, heat, and CO2 fluxes and to a three‐dimensional unsaturated flow and heat diffusion model allowing the study of heterogeneous soils and vegetation. The VDMs differ in reproducing gross photosynthesis. One was adapted from a daily model, while the other is a more complex model, needing the continuous monitoring of CO2 concentration and a larger number of parameters, although it is useful for assessing feedback due to an increase in CO2 concentration. The two coupled models were validated on a half‐hour time step through leaf area index (LAI), ground energy, and water flux measurements performed during the summer of 2007 and 2009 in an alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) field in the Mediterranean (southern Italy) and during the spring of 2001 in a predominantly C3 grass covered field (California). Furthermore, the models were used at the field scale in numerical experiments for assessing the effects of model dimensionality on evapotranspiration, CO2 flux, and LAI in the presence of flat heterogeneous or sloping homogeneous terrains using both the fully three‐dimensional soil water flow model and a simpler model allowing only vertical flow. For the flat terrain experiment, one‐dimensional modeling generally provided significant differences in the simulated quantities with respect to the three‐dimensional model, even though in some cases similar results were found. For the sloping terrain, one‐dimensional modeling proved quite unsuitable for analyzing slope effects, while three‐dimensional modeling allowed detailed description of different degrees of slope interactions between soil moisture dynamics and surface fluxes for different slope angles.
Varenicline, an α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonist, vs Sustained-Release Bupropion and Placebo for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ContextThe α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are linked to the reinforcing effects of nicotine and maintaining smoking behavior. Varenicline, a novel α4β2 nAChR partial agonist, may be beneficial for smoking cessation.ObjectiveTo assess efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation compared with sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) and placebo.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRandomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo- and active-treatment–controlled, phase 3 clinical trial conducted at 19 US centers from June 19, 2003, to April 22, 2005. Participants were 1025 generally healthy smokers (≥10 cigarettes/d) with fewer than 3 months of smoking abstinence in the past year, 18 to 75 years old, recruited via advertising.InterventionParticipants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive brief counseling and varenicline titrated to 1 mg twice per day (n = 352), bupropion SR titrated to 150 mg twice per day (n = 329), or placebo (n = 344) orally for 12 weeks, with 40 weeks of nondrug follow-up.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome was the exhaled carbon monoxide–confirmed 4-week rate of continuous abstinence from smoking for weeks 9 through 12. A secondary outcome was the continuous abstinence rate for weeks 9 through 24 and weeks 9 through 52.ResultsFor weeks 9 through 12, the 4-week continuous abstinence rates were 44.0% for varenicline vs 17.7% for placebo (odds ratio [OR], 3.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.70-5.50; P<.001) and vs 29.5% for bupropion SR (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.40-2.68; P<.001). Bupropion SR was also significantly more efficacious than placebo (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.38-2.89; P<.001). For weeks 9 through 52, the continuous abstinence rates were 21.9% for varenicline vs 8.4% for placebo (OR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.95-4.91; P<.001) and vs 16.1% for bupropion SR (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.99-2.17; P = .057). Varenicline reduced craving and withdrawal and, for those who smoked while receiving study drug, smoking satisfaction. No sex differences in efficacy for varenicline were observed. Varenicline was safe and generally well tolerated, with study drug discontinuation rates similar to those for placebo. The most common adverse events for participants receiving active-drug treatment were nausea (98 participants receiving varenicline [28.1%]) and insomnia (72 receiving bupropion SR [21.9%]). ConclusionVarenicline was significantly more efficacious than placebo for smoking cessation at all time points and significantly more efficacious than bupropion SR at the end of 12 weeks of drug treatment and at 24 weeks.Trial Registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00141206
Extended T2-IVIM model for correction of TE dependence of pseudo-diffusion volume fraction in clinical diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

The bi-exponential intravoxel-incoherent-motion (IVIM) model for diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) fails to account for differential T2s in the model compartments, resulting in overestimation of pseudodiffusion fraction f. An extended model, T2-IVIM, allows removal of the confounding echo-time (TE) dependence of f, and provides direct compartment T2 estimates. Two consented healthy volunteer cohorts (n = 5, 6) underwent DWI comprising multiple TE/b-value combinations (Protocol 1: TE = 62–102 ms, b = 0–250 mm−2s, 30 combinations. Protocol 2: 8 b-values 0–800 mm−2s at TE = 62 ms, with 3 additional b-values 0–50 mm−2s at TE = 80, 100 ms; scanned twice). Data from liver ROIs were fitted with IVIM at individual TEs, and with the T2-IVIM model using all data. Repeat-measures coefficients of variation were assessed for Protocol 2. Conventional IVIM modelling at individual TEs (Protocol 1) demonstrated apparent f increasing with longer TE: 22.4 ± 7% (TE = 62 ms) to 30.7 ± 11% (TE = 102 ms); T2-IVIM model fitting accounted for all data variation. Fitting of Protocol 2 data using T2-IVIM yielded reduced f estimates (IVIM: 27.9 ± 6%, T2-IVIM: 18.3 ± 7%), as well as T2 = 42.1 ± 7 ms, 77.6 ± 30 ms for true and pseudodiffusion compartments, respectively. A reduced Protocol 2 dataset yielded comparable results in a clinical time frame (11 min). The confounding dependence of IVIM f on TE can be accounted for using additional b/TE images and the extended T2-IVIM model.
Random optical media based on hybrid organic-inorganic nanowires: multiple scattering, field localization, and light diffusion

Random optical media (ROM) are a novel class of photonic materials characterized by a disordered assembly of the elementary constituents (such as particles, wires and fibers), that determines unique scattering, absorption and emission properties. The propagation of light in ROM is affected by the size and optical properties (refractive index, absorption and emission wavelengths) of their components, as well as by the overall 3-dimensional architecture. So far, most of the investigated ROM have been realized using liquid dispersions or bulk samples embedding colloidal nanoparticles or porous systems. While nanowire-based ROM are poorly investigated, such materials can feature new optical effects related to the elongated shape of their building blocks and to their light-transport properties. Here we report on the fabrication and on the morphological and spectroscopic characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic nanowires, realized by doping polymers with dielectric nanoparticles. We investigate light diffusion and multi-scattering properties of 3- dimensional ROM formed by organic and hybrid nanowires, as well as field localization in 2-dimensional networks. The influence of nanowire geometry and composition on the scattering properties is also discussed.