Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tracing the ingredients for a habitable earth from interstellar space through planet formation

Significance With the rapid pace at which exoplanets are being discovered, many efforts have now been dedicated to identifying which planets are expected to have the ingredients necessary for the development of life. In this work we explore the relative disposition of the essential elements carbon and nitrogen in each stage of star and planet formation, using the Earth and our solar system as grounding data. Our results suggest that planets like the Earth are readily supplied with these key elements, but their relative amounts on the surface and in the atmosphere will be highly variable. We use the C/N ratio as a monitor of the delivery of key ingredients of life to nascent terrestrial worlds. Total elemental C and N contents, and their ratio, are examined for the interstellar medium, comets, chondritic meteorites, and terrestrial planets; we include an updated estimate for the bulk silicate Earth (C/N = 49.0 ± 9.3). Using a kinetic model of disk chemistry, and the sublimation/condensation temperatures of primitive molecules, we suggest that organic ices and macromolecular (refractory or carbonaceous dust) organic material are the likely initial C and N carriers. Chemical reactions in the disk can produce nebular C/N ratios of ∼1–12, comparable to those of comets and the low end estimated for planetesimals. An increase of the C/N ratio is traced between volatile-rich pristine bodies and larger volatile-depleted objects subjected to thermal/accretional metamorphism. The C/N ratios of the dominant materials accreted to terrestrial planets should therefore be higher than those seen in carbonaceous chondrites or comets. During planetary formation, we explore scenarios leading to further volatile loss and associated C/N variations owing to core formation and atmospheric escape. Key processes include relative enrichment of nitrogen in the atmosphere and preferential sequestration of carbon by the core. The high C/N bulk silicate Earth ratio therefore is best satisfied by accretion of thermally processed objects followed by large-scale atmospheric loss. These two effects must be more profound if volatile sequestration in the core is effective. The stochastic nature of these processes hints that the surface/atmospheric abundances of biosphere-essential materials will likely be variable.
Role of GluN 2 A containing NMDA receptors in memory reactivation : Molecular and behavioural evidence

Whereas substantial evidence supports the role of the amygdala in fear-memory conditioning, little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. It is currently believed that the MAPK-ERK signalling pathway may be key in supporting both consolidation and reconsolidation. Additionally, recent research has suggested that GluN2A NMDA receptors of the basal lateral amygdala are required for memory restabilisation, although their functions in memory reactivation are unclear. We predicted that GluN2A NMDARs in the basal lateral amygdala (BLA) would be involved in mediating memory reactivation through the MAPK-ERK signalling pathway. To test this hypothesis, we used Western-blot to analyse subcellular localization of ERK 20 minutes after fear-memory reactivation in rats treated with a GluN2A antagonist directly in the BLA (NVP-AAM0077). Nuclear ERK concentration was not found to be significantly modified post reactivation in NVP-treated animals relative to control groups (vehicle). Nevertheless, a trend was found in the cytoplasm, suggesting that GluN2A NMDARs may contribute to short-term adaptation of the ERK signalling during reactivation. Together, these findings provide insights for future research. Alternative research techniques and methodological approaches are considered.
Enhanced LQR control for unmanned helicopter in hover

Real time adaptability is of central importance for the control of unmanned helicopter flying under different circumstances. In this paper, an active model is employed to handle the time varying uncertainties involved in the helicopter dynamics during flight. In the scheme, a normal LQR control designed from a simplified model at hovering is enhanced by means of unscented-Kalman-filter (UKF) based estimation, which tries to online capture the error between the simplified model and the full dynamics. This is intended to achieve adaptive performance without the need of adjusting the controller modes or parameters along with the changing dynamics of helicopter. Simulations with respect to a model helicopter are conducted to verify both the UKF-based estimation and the enhanced LQR control. Results are also demonstrated with the normal LQR control with the active model enhancement
SPATIAL EXPLORATION BY OPTIMIZING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS ASSISTED BY A PHEROMONE MAP

1 University “Politehnica” of Bucharest, Department of Applied Electronics and Information Engineering, 030018, Romania, bogdan.florea@ai.pub. ro, ovidiu.grigore@ai.pub. ro, mihai.datcu@dlr.de 2 Remote Sensing Technology Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffen, Weßling, 82234, Germany LEARNING ONLINE SPATIAL EXPLORATION BY OPTIMIZING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS ASSISTED BY A PHEROMONE MAP
Metaresearch Recommendations using Knowledge Graph Embeddings

Discovering relevant research collaborations is crucial for performing extraordinary research and promoting the careers of scholars. Therefore, building recommender systems capable of suggesting relevant collaboration opportunities is of huge interest. Most of the existing approaches for collaboration and co-author recommendation focus on semantic similarities using bibliographic metadata such as publication counts, and citation network analysis. These approaches neglect relevant and important metadata information such as author affiliation and conferences attended, affecting the quality of the recommendations. To overcome these drawbacks, we formulate the task of scholarly recommendation as a link prediction task based on knowledge graph embeddings. A knowledge graph containing scholarly metadata is created and enriched with textual descriptions. We tested the quality of the recommendations based on the TransE, TransH, TransR and DistMult models that consider only triples in the knowledge graph and DKRL which in addition incorporates natural language descriptions of entities during training.
Genetic analysis of attractin homologs

Attractin (ATRN) and Attractin‐like 1 (ATRNL1) are highly similar type I transmembrane proteins. Atrn null mutant mice have a pleiotropic phenotype including dark fur, juvenile‐onset spongiform neurodegeneration, hypomyelination, tremor, and reduced body weight and adiposity, implicating ATRN in numerous biological processes. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that Atrn and Atrnl1 arose from a common ancestral gene early in vertebrate evolution. To investigate the genetics of the ATRN system and explore potential redundancy between Atrn and Atrnl1, we generated and characterized Atrnl1 loss‐ and gain‐of‐function mutations in mice. Atrnl1 mutant mice were grossly normal with no alterations of pigmentation, central nervous system pathology or body weight. Atrn null mutant mice carrying a β‐actin promoter‐driven Atrnl1 transgene had normal, agouti‐banded hairs and significantly delayed onset of spongiform neurodegeneration, indicating that over‐expression of ATRNL1 compensates for loss of ATRN. Thus, the two genes are redundant from the perspective of gain‐of‐function but not loss‐of‐function mutations. genesis 45:744–756, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Resistor-Based Temperature Sensor With a 0.13 pJ $\cdot$ K2 Resolution FoM

This paper describes a high-resolution energy-efficient CMOS temperature sensor, intended for the temperature compensation of MEMS/quartz frequency references. The sensor is based on silicided poly-silicon thermistors, which are embedded in a Wien-bridge RC filter. When driven at a fixed frequency, the filter exhibits a temperature-dependent phase shift, which is digitized by an energy-efficient continuous-time phase-domain delta-sigma modulator. Implemented in a 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS technology, the sensor draws 87 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from a 1.8 V supply and achieves a resolution of 410 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{K}_{\textrm {rms}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in a 5-ms conversion time. This translates into a state-of-the-art resolution figure-of-merit of 0.13 pJ <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\cdot$ </tex-math></inline-formula> K<sup>2</sup>. When packaged in ceramic, the sensor achieves an inaccuracy of 0.2 °C (3<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma )$ </tex-math></inline-formula> from −40 °C to 85 °C after a single-point calibration and a correction for systematic nonlinearity. This can be reduced to ±0.03 °C (3<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma )$ </tex-math></inline-formula> after a first-order fit. In addition, the sensor exhibits low 1/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f$ </tex-math></inline-formula> noise and packaging shift.
Automatic Reconstruction of As-built BIM from Laser Scanned Data of Precast Concrete Elements for Dimensional Quality Assessment

Precast concrete elements are popularly used in the construction of buildings and infrastructures because they enable higher construction quality, less construction time, and less environmental impact. To ensure the performance of complete precast concrete systems, dimensional quality of individual precast concrete elements must be assessed before they are transported to the construction sites. However, the current quality assessment methods mainly rely on manual inspection with traditional measurement devices, which are inefficient and inaccurate. Besides, the quality assessment results are not well managed. To realize efficient and accurate quality assessment of precast concrete elements and to facilitate the management of quality assessment results, this study proposes a technique which can automatically reconstruct the as-built Building Information Models (BIM) from laser scan data of precast concrete elements for dimensional quality assessment. The proposed technique firstly performs a scan planning to determine the number of scans and the locations of scanners. Then, the preprocessing of scan data removes noisy data and registers multiple scans in a global coordinate system. Afterwards, the as-built geometries of the element are extracted from the registered scan data, and finally the as-built BIM is reconstructed. To validate the proposed technique, a scanning experiment was conducted on a small-scale test specimen. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique can accurately and efficiently create asbuilt BIM of precast concrete elements.
Geochemical and Geodynamic Constrain of Tholeiitic Volcanism and Related Intrusions in the Kampti Gold District, Southwest Burkina Faso: Implication for Mineral Exploration

The Kampti serie is a volcano-plutonic complex in the south-eastern corner of the Hounde belt, closed to the border with Ivory Coast. The stratigraphy comprises initially: a thick sequence of tholeiitic and pillowed basalt followed by pyroclastic projections derivated from bimodal volcanism; and flowing mostly to the south. The volcanic sequence is cross-cut by mafic cumulate body, stocks of gabbro, diorite, subvolcanic dykes and lately intrude by granitoid. It is bordered to the west by the pelitic schist of the Bambela basin with minor intercalation of Tarkwa type sediment. volcanoclastic facies is dominantly plagioclase-phyric (albite +/- oligoclase), zoned plagioclase has a core of anorthoclase. Secondary mineral infilled (quartz, kutnahorite, ripidolite, clinozoisite) of spherulites and oolite highlight a general low grade metamorphism of greenschist facies affecting the complex. Based on trace element chemistry, the tholeiitic rocks present flat REE pattern contrasting with the felsic rocks more enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE. The style of the magmatism in the Kampti serie is compatible with an island arc model, describe elsewhere in the birimian. Gold mineralisation and base metal occurrences associated to the nature of rocks and tectonics highlight a polymetallic district.
Safety of sputum induction

One of the most important recent advances in the investigation of airway inflammation has been the introduction of sputum induction by inhalation of an aerosol of hypertonic saline, by Pin et al. 1 in 1992, to directly obtain airway secretions in asthma. This method has a number of advantages over invasive methods. Safety and practicality are the most obvious. The method of obtaining induced sputum is relatively noninvasive and can be carried out at random 2 and repeatedly in subjects with varying disease severity 3–13. Therefore, it is not surprising that the examination of induced sputum has become the most clinically applicable method for the assessment of airway inflammation. The induction procedure is simple and safe. The risks in patients with stable asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with mild­to­moderate airflow limitation are acceptable 1, 3–5, 8, 12–14. It can also be safe in patients with more severe airflow limitation 6, 10, 11 provided that the induction is performed with caution using a modified procedure 6. The safety of sputum induction has been specifically addressed in several recent publications 3–5, 12, 14. To date, there have been no reports of death or need for hospital admission in patients undergoing sputum induction for the assessment of airway inflammation; the airway constriction caused by sputum induction with hypertonic saline is quickly reversed by treatment with an inhaled short­acting β2‐agonist. It is well known, however, that inhalation of hypertonic or even isotonic saline can cause airway constriction in asthmatic subjects and in COPD, particularly in those with associated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). In 1958, Bickerman et al. 15, using aerosols of saline generated by jet nebuliser with concentrations ranging 3.0–15%, observed …
Title Predictors of uterine evacuation following early medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol Permalink

Objectives:We sought to determine predictors of uterine evacuation for women undergoing medical abortion using mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol through 63 days' gestation. Study Design: We pooled data from two prospective multicenter medical abortion trials. In one study, women received mifepristone 200 mg followed either 6–8 or 23–25 h later by misoprostol 800 mcg vaginally. In the second study, women received mifepristone 200 mg followed either b15 min or 23–25 h later by misoprostol 800 mcg vaginally. We examined the absolute risk (AR) of uterine evacuation using Fisher's Exact Tests for categorical variables and Student t test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. We used logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of uterine evacuation. Results: Uterine evacuation was performed for 75 (3.5%) of 2160 women. In multivariable analysis, 5 or more prior deliveries (AR 11.9%, OR 4.6) and gestational age of 8 weeks or more (AR 4.1%, OR 2.1) were significantly associated with uterine evacuation, while age of 20 years or younger (AR 1.4%, OR 0.4) was significantly and inversely associated with uterine evacuation. Prior cesarean delivery, multiple gestations, smoking, weight, body surface area and body mass index were not predictive of uterine evacuation in univariate or multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Uterine evacuation is an uncommon outcome in medical abortion with mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol. Five or more deliveries are the only significant predictor that identifies a group with an AR of uterine evacuation of more than 6%. Implications: Uterine evacuation is uncommon in medical abortion with mifepristone and vaginal misoprostol. Parity of five or more is the only significant predictor of uterine evacuation exceeding 6%. Until additional research is completed, medical abortion should not be withheld from women with five or more deliveries. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Lactate in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a debilitating mood disorder with no specific biological marker. No novel treatment has been developed specifically for BD in the last several decades. Although the pathophysiology of BD remains unclear, there is strong evidence in the literature supporting the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in BD. In this systematic review, we identified and investigated 12 studies that measure lactate, which is a direct marker for mitochondrial dysfunction, in BD patients and healthy controls. Six studies measured lactate levels in the brain through proton echo‐planar spectroscopy or magnetic resonance spectroscopy and five of these studies reported significantly elevated lactate levels in patients with BD. Two studies reporting cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels also found significantly elevated lactate in BD compared to healthy controls. Two other studies that reported peripheral lactate levels did not demonstrate significant findings. The meta‐analysis, using standardized means and a random‐effect model for five studies that measured brain lactate levels, corroborated the findings of the systematic review. Although the meta‐analysis had a nearly significant overall effect (Z = 1.97, P = 0.05), high statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 86%) and possible publication bias suggest that the results should be interpreted with caution. To validate lactate abnormalities in BD, further studies should be carried out, including larger sample sizes, not excluding female patients, and using standardized methodologies. Peripheral lactate levels and other bioenergetic markers should be thoroughly studied to better understand the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in BD and to help develop more objective diagnostic tools.
What matters more for South African households’ debt repayment difficulties?

ABSTRACT While the increased access to consumer credit has helped many families improve their welfare, the rising repayment burdens upon a background of chronically low saving rates have generated concerns that South African families are becoming ever more financially fragile and less able to meet their consumer debt repayment obligations. Using data from the Cape Area Panel Study, this article investigates whether consumer debt repayment problems are better explained by excessive spending which leaves households financially overstretched or by negative income shocks. The results indicate that households are significantly more likely to be delinquent on their financial obligations when they suffer negative events beyond their control rather than due to the size of the expenditure burden. This suggests that consumer repayment problems are likely to endure even when consumers borrow within their means. Thus, regulatory efforts to improve mechanisms for debt relief might be more meaningful than restrictions on lending.
Human Capital: Driving Force of Economic Growth in Selected Emergine Economies

Human capital is the stock of competencies, knowledge and personality attributes deem vital to produce economic value. It is the attributes gained by a worker through education, training and experience. According to modern growth theory, the accumulation of human capital is an important contributor to economic growth. Numerous cross-country studies extensively explore whether educational attainment can contribute significantly to the production of overall output in an economy. The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of human capital in the fast economic growth of BRIC countries like Brazil, Russia, India and China during 2000-2011 and to assess sustainability of growth in future. The study is descriptive in nature because it mostly involves the description of the situation of human capital in the BRIC countries and measuring change in the selected important variables that is human capital and policy initiative and its effects on the BRIC economies. As the change in the selected variables is clearly visible there is no need to use regression analysis technique. The author has applied statistical techniques such as trend analysis, content analysis and ratio analysis to measure change in the selected variables wherever it is necessary. The findings of the study are interesting and divergent because the human capital development has played a vital role in the fast economic growth of China, India and Brazil while Russia, which was endowed with human capital right from the beginning, could not materialize the potential of human capital during its transition period from planned economy to market economy since 1990s, which is very much surprising. This appears the policy failure to capitalize the valuable human capital to accelerate economic growth. It has resulted in the scaling down of Russia to middle income economy. In contrast, India, China and Brazil have been fully utilizing their human capital potential by following human developing policies and this factor not only has triggered their economic growth but also alleviated poverty in there.
Let the User Speak: Is Feedback on Facebook a Source of Firms' Innovation?

Social media open up new possibilities for firms to exploit information from various external sources. Does this information help firms to become more innovative? Combining firm-level survey data with information from firms' Facebook pages, we study the role that firms' and users' activities on Facebook play in the innovation process. We find that firms' adoption of a Facebook page as well as feedback from users are positively and significantly related to product innovations. Analysis of the content of Facebook posts and comments reveals that firms are more likely to introduce product innovations if they actively ask for feedback, while only negative user comments are positively and significantly related to innovation success. These results withstand a large set of robustness checks, including estimations that take potential endogeneity of firms' Facebook use into account.
Augmenting Wearable Sensor Data with Physical Constraint for DNN-Based Human-Action Recognition

A novel data augmentation method suitable for wearable sensor data is proposed. Although numerous studies have revealed the importance of the data augmentation to improve the accuracy and robustness in machine-learning tasks, the data augmentation method that is applicable to wearable sensor data have not been well studied. Unlike the conventional data augmentation methods, which are mainly developed for image and video analysis tasks, this study proposes a data augmentation method that can take an physical constraint of wearable sensors into account. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated with a human-action-recognition task. The experimental results showed that the proposed method achieved better accuracy with significant difference compared to the cases where no data augmentation is applied and where a couple of simple data augmentation is applied.
Ability: Trade Lock in to Meta Storage

:- Expense and versatility advantages of Cloud storage administrations are evident. Notwithstanding, selecting a solitary storage service provider limits accessibility and versatility to the chose supplier and may further cause a merchant lock basically. In this paper, we introduce Meta Storage Capacity, and unified Cloud storage framework that can incorporate differing Cloud storage suppliers. Meta storage Capacity is a very accessible and versatile circulated hash table that imitates information on top of assorted storage service. Meta Capacity reuses instruments from Amazon's Dynamo for cross-supplier replication and thus acquaints a novel methodology with oversee consistency-inactivity tradeoffs by amplifying the customary majority (N; R; W) configurations to an (np; R; W) conspire that incorporates distinctive providers as an extra measurement. With Metastorage, new means to control consistency-inertness tradeoffs are presented.