Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cervical plexus anesthesia versus general anesthesia for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery

Abstract Both general anesthesia (GA) and cervical plexus anesthesia (CPA) can be used for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of anesthetic techniques on perioperative mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing cervical surgery. From January 2008 to December 2015, 356 patients who underwent 1-level ACDF for cervical spinal myelopathy were prospectively reviewed. They were assigned to receive GA (group A) and CPA (group B). The analgesic efficacy of the block was assessed by anesthesia preparation time, the maximum heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure changes compared with the baseline, time of postoperative revival, and duration of recovery stay. Duration of surgery, blood loss, and anesthesia medical cost were also recorded. Numerical rating scale (NRS) was used to evaluate pain at different time points. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was assessed, and postoperative average administered dosages of meperidine and metoclopramide were also recorded. The spinal surgeon satisfaction, anesthetist satisfaction, and patient satisfaction were assessed. Both the anesthesia induction time and postoperative revival time were longer in group A than that in group B; both the duration of surgery and recovery stay were also longer in group A than that in group B, whereas there was no difference in blood loss between the 2 groups. The average dosage of both meperidine and metoclopramide was more in group A than that in group B, and the anesthesia medical cost was greater in group A than that in group B. There were no significant differences in baseline data of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate between the 2 groups. But the intraoperative data of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate were higher/larger in group B than that in group A. In group A, there was no complaint of pain in the surgery procedure, but the pain increased after GA, with highest degree at 8 hours postoperation; then the pain degree decreased, and the NRS was 1 at 24 hours postoperation. In group B, intraoperative pain was NRS 4, and pain degree decreased from 4 hours postoperation; the NRS was 2 at 24 hours postoperation. The incidence of severe PONV was higher in group A than that in group B. There was no significant difference in the spinal surgeon satisfaction and anesthetist satisfaction for the anesthetic techniques. There was significant difference in patient satisfaction between the 2 groups, with high satisfaction for GA. General anesthesia is superior to CPA in maintaining better intraoperative hemodynamic stability and providing high patient satisfaction with no intraoperative pain for patients receiving ACDF, but it entails longer surgery and anesthesia time, and requires more postoperative analgesic and anesthesia cost.
Cross-Layer Resource Allocation With Elastic Service Scaling in Cloud Radio Access Network

Cloud radio access network (C-RAN) aims to improve spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless networks by migrating conventional distributed base station functionalities into a centralized cloud baseband unit (BBU) pool. We propose and investigate a cross-layer resource allocation model for C-RAN to minimize the overall system power consumption in the BBU pool, fiber links and the remote radio heads (RRHs). We characterize the cross-layer resource allocation problem as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), which jointly considers elastic service scaling, RRH selection, and joint beamforming. The MINLP is however a combinatorial optimization problem and NP-hard. We relax the original MINLP problem into an extended sum-utility maximization (ESUM) problem, and propose two different solution approaches. We also propose a low-complexity Shaping-and-Pruning (SP) algorithm to obtain a sparse solution for the active RRH set. Simulation results suggest that the average sparsity of the solution given by our SP algorithm is close to that obtained by a recently proposed greedy selection algorithm, which has higher computational complexity. Furthermore, our proposed cross-layer resource allocation is more energy efficient than the greedy selection and successive selection algorithms.
Group mobility in wireless sensor network

Group mobility management in wireless sensor network (WSN) is of particular importance as it is can be found in many practical application scenarios. In this paper, a group mobility scenario in WSN is considered and the data collected by the sensor nodes in the group is assumed to transmit either inside the group or to the corresponding node (CN) through the IP-based backbone network. Traditional WSN protocols can be applied to support the data transmission inside the group. To support the data transmission through the internet, the integration of WSN with IP-based network is required and network mobility (NEMO) protocol can be employed. As NEMO is designed for IP network which is not compatible with WSN, particular consideration of NEMO protocol and the characteristics of WSN should be taken in applying the NEMO protocol. In this paper, the protocol stacks of WSN and the standard NEMO protocol are introduced. For WSN using several typical protocols supporting IP packet transmission, the application of NEMO is analyzed and summarized.
Nucleic Acids Research Oligonucleotide mutagenesis of the lacPUV 5 promoter

Synthetic oligonucleotides were used to introduce mutations into the lacPUV5 promoter. Four mutations were obtained at positions -13, -14, and -15, with respect to the transcriptional start site. The effects of these mutations were measured in vivo and the results are discussed with respect to the consensus sequence and other promoter mutations located in this region. INTRODUCTION The efficiency at which RNA polymerase recognizes and interacts with a promoter can play a major role in determining the level at which a gene is expressed. In addition to transcriptional activators and repressors, the sequence of the promoter is a crucial element in modulating this process. Comparative analysis of promoter sequences and isolation of promoter mutations has indicated two regions which are extremely important for RNA polymerase interactions, centered around -35 and -10 with respect to the transcriptional start site (for review, see Hawley & McClure, 1983). We have chosen to concentrate on a region that remains ambiguous in terms of its specificity of interaction with RNA polymerase. This region is located upstream relative to the -10 conserved sequence (the Pribnow box) and has been strongly implicated by chemical probe studies to be in close contact with RNA polymerase (reviewed by Rosenberg & Court, 1979; Siebenlist et al., 1980). In particular, when G residues in this region are methylated in the major groove or phosphates on the backbone are ethylated, RNA polymerase binds at a reduced efficiency, and prebound RNA polymerase protects (or enhances) these same sites from chemical modification. There have been a few mutations isolated in this region, but at a much lower frequency than expected if important contacts are being made here during transcription initiation. Comparison of promoter sequences has also shown that weak homologies exist at only a few of these sites (see Hawley and McClure, 1983, for a summary of these studies). In this paper we describe the incorporation of mutations in © I R L Press Limited, Oxford, England. 4011 Nucleic Acids Research the lacPUV5 promoter with synthetic oligonucleotides and their effect on lacZ
CREB has a context‐dependent role in activity‐regulated transcription and maintains neuronal cholesterol homeostasis

Induction of specific gene expression patterns in response to activity confers functional plasticity to neurons. A principal role in the regulation of these processes has been ascribed to the cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB). Using genomewide expression profiling in mice lacking CREB in the forebrain, accompanied by deletion of the cAMP responsive element modulator gene (CREM), we here show that the role of these proteins in activity‐induced gene expression is surprisingly selective and highly context dependent. Thus, only a very restricted subset of activity‐induced genes (i.e., Gadd45b or Nr4a2) requires these proteins for their induction in the hippocampus after kainic acid administration, while they are required for most of the cocaine‐induced expression changes in the striatum. Interestingly, in the absence of CREB, CREM is able to rescue activity‐regulated transcription, which strengthens the notion of overlapping functions of the two proteins. In addition, we show that cholesterol metabolism is dysregulated in the brains of mutant mice, as reflected coordinated expression changes in genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and neuronal accumulation of cholesterol. These findings provide novel insights into the role of CREB and CREM in stimulus‐dependent transcription and neuronal homeostasis. —Lemberger, T. , Parkitna, J. R. , Chai, M. , Schütz, G. , Engblom, D. CREB has a context‐dependent role in activity‐regulated transcription and maintains neuronal cholesterol homeostasis FASEB J. 22, 2872–2879 (2008)
Evaluating multimodal affective fusion using physiological signals

In this paper we present an evaluation of an affective multimodal fusion approach utilizing dimensional representations of emotion. The evaluation uses physiological signals as a reference measure of users' emotional states. Surface electromyography (EMG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) signals are known to be correlated with specific dimensions of emotion (Pleasure and Arousal) and are compared here to real time continuous values of these dimensions obtained from affective multimodal fusion. The results (both qualitative and quantitative) suggest that the particular multimodal fusion approach described is consistent with physiological indicators of emotion, constituting a first positive evaluation of the approach.
Prevention of Apoptosis by Mitochondrial Phosphatase PGAM5 in the Mushroom Body Is Crucial for Heat Shock Resistance in Drosophila melanogaster

The heat shock (HS) response is essential for survival of all organisms. Although the machinery of the HS response has been extensively investigated at the cellular level, it is poorly understood at the level of the organism. Here, we show the crucial role of the mushroom body (MB) in the HS response in Drosophila. Null mutants of the mitochondrial phosphatase Drosophila PGAM5 (dPGAM5) exhibited increased vulnerability to HS, which was reversed by MB-specific expression of the caspase inhibitor p35, and similar vulnerability was induced in wild-type flies by knockdown of MB dPGAM5. Elimination of the MB did not affect the HS response of wild-type flies, but did increase the resistance of dPGAM5-deficient flies to HS. Thus, the MB may possess an apoptosis-dependent toxic function, the suppression of which by dPGAM5 appears to be crucial for HS resistance.
Learning Content Management and Authoring System

Developing web based learning courses usually requires a lot of programming efforts to provide session management. Our system is designed to enable authors to develop easily learning courses. In this paper, we describe the adaptable, the interactive, and the communicative features of the environment. Authors are supported in many ways to develop and manage courses via an online interface. We present in this study, an authoring and management system which allows the creation of interactive learning object within a e learning platform on the Internet. For the design of this system, we stated with the assumption that the content of distance teaching is not just to put online the content used for classroom teaching. In addition to the classical functions such as editing and formatting a text, the system is enriched with functions to cater for the needs of the teacher designing the course content. The users can thus generate automatically the table of contents, create questions for evaluation purpose and manage the bibliographical references. The graphical construction of the content allows an easy manipulation and a better course structure for a later adaptation to the learner’s profiles. We started experimenting with the system at the University of Sétif in collaboration with a group of computer science teachers.
GABA Release and Uptake Regulate Neuronal Precursor Migration in the Postnatal Subventricular Zone

In the postnatal subventricular zone (SVZ), astrocyte-like cells tightly encapsulate chains of migrating neuronal precursors, although an influence of the astrocyte-like cells on precursor migration has not yet been demonstrated. Cell migration was studied in acute sagittal brain slices to determine whether GABA signaling between astrocyte-like cells and neuronal precursors controls the speed of neuronal precursor migration in the anterior SVZ and rostral migratory stream of juvenile and adult mice. Application of GABA at 10 μm, a nondesensitizing concentration for GABAA receptors (GABAARs), reduced the rate (mean of ∼50 μm/hr) of cell migration by 21% via GABAAR activation. Application of the GABAAR antagonist bicuculline enhanced the migration rate by 30%, suggesting that endogenous GABA tonically reduces the speed of cell migration via GABAAR activation. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that astrocyte-like cells express the high-affinity GABA transporter subtype GAT4 on processes ensheathing neuronal precursors that contain GABA. Inhibition of GABA uptake into astrocyte-like cells or enhancement of GABA release from neuronal precursors during high K+ application further reduced the migration rate by increasing ambient GABA levels. GABA altered the migration speed by interfering with intracellular Ca2+ signaling independently of cell depolarization, because high K+ application did not alter the speed of cell migration in the presence of bicuculline. These data indicate that astrocyte-like cells create a microenvironment in which their uniquely positioned GABA transporters control the degree of GABAAR activation and the migration of neuronal precursors.
Loss, Meaning-Making, and Coping After the 2016 Presidential Election

Hillary Rodham Clinton was heralded by news outlets and political pundits as the clear frontrunner and expected winner of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election. Her election loss to Republican Donald Trump was not only surprising, for many voters, it was devastating. Guided by the death studies literature about meaning-making after a loss, the purpose of this study was to explore how voters who were disappointed by the results of the election made sense of the experience. Two hundred participants completed an online open-ended questionnaire about their feelings and coping methods for the loss. Participants framed Clinton’s loss as similar to the death of a loved one or the ending of a relationship. Participants utilized various coping strategies to deal with their grief, ranging from engaging in political activism to completely shutting themselves off from others. These findings have a number of implications for communication scholars and grief practitioners.
Detection of Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis Based on P300 Event-Related Potential

Objective: To investigate whether P300 event-related potential (ERP) is associated with cognitive impairments in early multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: 72 subjects with MS participated in this prospective case-control study. 56 (78%) had a disease duration of less than 3 years and 16 (12%) had significant, previously-established cognitive deficits. For all participants, P300 ERPs were examined using the odd-ball, paradigm and cognitive assessments were conducted using the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB-N) and the clock-drawing test (CDT). Results: Of the 56 participants with early-stage MS, 61.5% had cognitive impairments, as defined by sub-normal scores on at least two cognitive subtests of the BRB-N or the CDT. Significant cognitive impairments were encountered in the following domains: verbal fluency (88.6%) assessed by the Word List Generation (WLG) test, short-term memory (70.5%) assessed by the Selective Reminding Test (SRT), visual-spatial learning (59.1%) assessed by the 10/36 Spatial Recall Test (10/36 SRT), CDT (45.5%), and sustained attention (29.5%) assessed by the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). Significantly prolonged P300 latencies were recorded at Fz in the cognitive impairment group. None of the cognitive tests were found to be correlated with P300 latency at Fz in the early MS group. When participants with well-established cognitive impairments were included, P300 latency at Fz was correlated with WLG score, which assesses associative verbal fluency, a component of frontal lobe-associated executive functioning. Conclusions: The present study showed that P300 latency at Fz might be useful in the detection of cognitive impairments in early stage MS. Moreover, in patients with MS who have severe cognitive impairments, P300 latency at Fz might detect impaired executive functions as assessed by the WLG test.
Dimerization of soluble major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes is sufficient for activation of T cell hybridoma and induction of unresponsiveness

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are cell- surface proteins that present peptides to CD8+ T cells. These peptides are mostly derived from endogenously synthesized protein. Recombinant, soluble MHC class I molecules were produced, purified, and loaded homogeneously with synthetic peptide. These MHC-peptide complexes were used to activate a T cell hybridoma. While monomers of MHC-peptide bound to the T cell, they showed no stimulatory activity. Dimers fully triggered the T cell hybridoma to secrete interleukin 2. This response was followed by a state in which the T cell was refractory to restimulation as a result of defective signal transduction through the T cell receptor.
HEV-Capsid Protein Interacts With Cytochrome P4502C8 and Retinol-Binding Protein 4

Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major causative agent of acute clinical hepatitis in adults throughout much of Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The lack of an efficient cell culture system for HEV has greatly limited our understanding of the mechanisms of infection, replication, and pathogenicity of this virus. The yeast two-hybridization system is considered to be an efficient method for determining protein-protein interactions and screening interactive proteins associated with host cells. Objectives In order to identify the host-cell proteins interacting with the HEV-capsid proteins, a fragment of the HEV-capsid protein p239 (amino acids 368–606) was used as bait; human liver cDNA library was used as a source of host-cell proteins, and the screening was performed using the CytoTrap yeast two-hybrid system. Materials and Methods The CytoTrap yeast two-hybrid system, which is also called Sos Recruitment System (SRS), was used to analyze the interaction of the p239 fragment with host-cell proteins. Results We isolated 2 proteins, cytochrome P4502C8 (CYP4502C8) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) after 2 rounds of screening. Co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that both the proteins could bind in vitro to the HEV virion in HepG2 cells. Conclusions CYP4502C8 and RBP4 screened from liver cDNA library using the CytoTrap yeast two-hybrid system interact with HEV capsid in vitro.
Direct Sum Matrix Game with Prisoner's Dilemma and Snowdrift Game

A direct sum form is proposed for constructing a composite game from two games, prisoner's dilemma and snowdrift game. This kind of direct sum form game is called a multiple roles game. The replicator dynamics of the multiple roles game with will-mixed populations is explored. The dynamical behaviors on square lattice are investigated by numerical simulation. It is found that the dynamical behaviors of population on square lattice depend on the mixing proportion of the two simple games. Mixing SD activities to pure PD population inhibits the proportion of cooperators in PD, and mixing PD activities to pure SD population stimulates the proportion of cooperators in SD. Besides spatial reciprocity, our results show that there are roles reciprocities between different types of individuals.
Supporting Roll-Up and Drill-Down Operations over OLAP Data Cubes with Continuous Dimensions via Density-Based Hierarchical Clustering

In traditional OLAP systems, roll-up and drill-down operations over data cubes exploit fixed hierarchies defined on discrete attributes that play the roles of dimensions, and operate along them. However, in recent years, a new tendency of considering even continuous attributes as dimensions, hence hierarchical members become continuous accordingly, has emerged mostly due to novel and emerging application scenarios like sensor and data stream management tools. A clear advantage of this emerging approach is that of avoiding the beforehand definition of an ad-hoc discretization hierarchy along each OLAP dimension. Following this latest trend, in this paper we propose a novel method for effectively and efficiently supporting roll-up and drill-down operations over OLAP data cubes with continuous dimensions via a density-based hierarchical clustering algorithm. This algorithm allows us to hierarchically cluster together dimension instances by also taking fact-table measures into account in order to enhance the clustering effect with respect to the possible analysis. Experiments on two well-known multidimensional datasets clearly show the advantages of the proposed solution.
EVOLUTION OF NETWORK ORIENTATION PROCEDURES

: This paper discusses the evolution of algorithms and procedures for network orientation that have accompanied the transition of close-range photogrammetry from a film-based to a digital image-based measurement process suited to partial or full automation. A brief mathematical background to orientation models derived via perspective projection and projective geometry is first presented, and the issue of generating initial values for image orientation parameters is discussed. The potential for employing linear models from projective geometry in the orientation process is also considered. Developments over the past few decades in multi-image network orientation processes are then reviewed, with the current state of the art being indicated by way of the discussion.
When the Fed Speaks: Arguments, Emotions, and the Microfoundations of Institutions

This study investigates what happens when a prominent leader explicitly reaffirms the taken-for-granted assumptions underlying an institution. While such efforts are usually made to reinforce the institution, I theorize that they actually destabilize the institution and create collective uncertainty by reopening the very considerations that people take for granted. Using speeches made by the chair of the United States Federal Reserve from 1998 to 2014, I demonstrate that reaffirming the taken-for-granted assumptions underlying the monetary policy framework creates uncertainty in the broader financial market. This market reaction is also influenced by emotions present at the time of the speech that shape how the event is interpreted. Speeches conveyed in an overall more positive tone suppress this reaction, while more fear in the business media amplifies it. Moreover, supplementary analyses conducted on speeches during the financial crisis suggest that when the taken-for-grantedness of these assumptions has weakened, reaffirming them no longer creates uncertainty to the same extent. This study expands our understanding of the consequences of communication in market contexts, raises important questions about the trade-offs between public transparency and market stability, and contributes new insights to research on the cognitive and emotional microfoundations of institutions.