Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dissociation of Recognition and Recency Memory Judgments After Anterior Thalamic Nuclei Lesions in Rats

The anterior thalamic nuclei form part of a network for episodic memory in humans. The importance of these nuclei for recognition and recency judgments remains, however, unclear. Rats with anterior thalamic nuclei lesions and their controls were tested on object recognition, along with two types of recency judgment. The spontaneous discrimination of a novel object or a novel odor from a familiar counterpart (recognition memory) was not affected by anterior thalamic lesions when tested after retention delays of 1 and 60 min. To measure recency memory, rats were shown two familiar objects, one of which had been explored more recently. In one condition, rats were presented with two lists (List A, List B) of objects separated by a delay, thereby creating two distinct blocks of stimuli. After an additional delay, rats were presented with pairs of objects, one from List A and one from List B (between-block recency). No lesion-induced deficit was apparent for recency discriminations between objects from different lists, despite using three different levels of task difficulty. In contrast, rats with anterior thalamic lesions were significantly impaired when presented with a continuous list of objects and then tested on their ability to distinguish between those items early and late in the same list (within-block recency). The contrasting effects on recognition and recency support the notion that interlinked hippocampal–anterior thalamic interconnections support aspects of both spatial and nonspatial learning, although the role of the anterior thalamic nuclei may be restricted to a subclass of recency judgments (within-block).
A 1.5GHz 0.2psRMS jitter 1.5mW divider-less FBAR ADPLL in 65nm CMOS

This paper presents a low power, low jitter, PVT-stable film-bulk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) based all digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) in a 65nm CMOS process. We introduce a power-efficient integer-N ADPLL architecture, where the digitally-controlled FBAR oscillator (FBAR DCO) achieves phase-lock to a reference clock without any explicit frequency dividers in the feedback path. The simplified divider-less ADPLL has a reduced phase difference at the input of the phase-frequency detector, avoiding a lengthy power hungry time-to-digital converter (TDC). The ADPLL consumes 1.5mW of power and has a measured integrated RMS jitter 0.19ps from 10kHz to 40MHz frequency offset at 1.5GHz carrier frequency. The measured frequency tuning range of 6300ppm for this ADPLL is wide enough to cover the FBAR frequency variations over PVT and provide moderate frequency modulation or channelization. This low power high performance FBAR ADPLL can be used in low power radios, high performance ADCs, and high speed data links.
Hankin and Reeves' Approach to Estimating Fish Abundance in Small Streams: Limitations and Alternatives

Abstract Hankin and Reeves' (1988) approach to estimating fish abundance in small streams has been applied in stream fish studies across North America. However, their population estimator relies on two key assumptions: (1) removal estimates are equal to the true numbers of fish, and (2) removal estimates are highly correlated with snorkel counts within a subset of sampled stream units. Violations of these assumptions may produce suspect results. To determine possible sources of the assumption violations, I used data on the abundance of steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from Hankin and Reeves' (1988) in a simulation composed of 50,000 repeated, stratified systematic random samples from a spatially clustered distribution. The simulation was used to investigate effects of a range of removal estimates, from 75% to 100% of true fish abundance, on overall stream fish population estimates. The effects of various categories of removal-estimates-to-snorkel-count correlation levels (r = 0.75–1.0) on fish population est.
Study on Superplastic Grain Growth Model and Dynamic Simulation

The ability of metal plastic forming and the mechanism performance of the part are correlated with grain granularity of the metal. Grain growth is a prominent character of the microstructure evolution. It is very helpful for the design of process and die structure to study the mechanism of superpalstic deformation and microstructure evolution of superplastic forming. The microstructure evolution of material is impact directly the mechanic performance of the component in superplastic forming. It is necessary to optimize the complex process and to predict the microstructure evolution. A new simulation method that integration the finite element simulation and the microstructure simulation of superplastic forming is introduced in this paper. Monte Catlo method is an odds simulating technique and can simulate time course of microstructure evolution. Based on the studies of superplastic grain growth mechanism, the superplastic grain growth rate equation are derived in this paper by coupling static state anneal grain growth mechanism and deformation stimulated grain growth mechanism. The grain growth drive force of superplastic deformation includes mostly boundary energy and distortion energy. A new drive force model is derived based on energy model. The microstructure evolution is correlated with the stress and strain of the part, and the integration of superplastic forming FE simulation and microstructure evolution MC simulation is realized. Using the integrating simulation technique can predict not only the forming process but also presenting grain growth image of the part. Experimental studies of the part in forming process and microstructure evolution were performed.
Chronic Exercise Training Improved Aortic Endothelial and Mitochondrial Function via an AMPKα2-Dependent Manner

Chronic exercise training is known to protect the vasculature; however, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. The present study hypothesized that exercise may improve aortic endothelial and mitochondrial function through an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α2 (AMPKα2)-dependent manner. Ten-week-old AMPKα2 knockout (AMPKα2−/−) mice and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to daily treadmill running for 6 weeks, and the thoracic aorta from these mice were used for further examination. Our results showed that exercise significantly promoted vasodilatation and increased expression and phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), concomitant with increased AMPKα2 expression in WT mice. These effects were not observed in AMPKα2−/− mice. Furthermore, exercise training increased thoracic aortic mitochondrial content as indicated by increased Complex I and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in WT mice but not in AMPKα2−/− mice. This may be caused by decreased mitochondrial autophagy since the expression of BH3 domain-containing BCL2 family members BNIP3-like (BNIP3L) and LC3B were decreased in WT mice with exercise. And these changes were absent with AMPKα2 deletion in mice. Importantly, exercise increased the expression of manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, suggesting that mitochondrial antioxidative capacity was increased. Notably, the improved antioxidative capacity was lost in AMPKα2−/− mice with exercise. In conclusion, this study illustrated that AMPKα2 plays a critical role in exercise-related vascular protection via increasing endothelial and mitochondrial function in the artery.
Development Optimizing Real Time fMRI for Neurotherapeutic Discovery and

Downloaded from. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not. Downloaded from. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not. Abstract While reducing the burden of brain disorders remains a top priority of organizations like the World Health Organization and National Institutes of Health (BRAIN, 2013), the development of novel, safe and effective treatments for brain disorders has been slow. In this paper, we describe the state of the science for an emerging neurotechnology, real time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI). We outline the scientific potential of rtfMRI as well as research strategies to optimize the development and application of rtfMRI as a next generation neurotherapeutic tool. We propose that rtfMRI can be used to deepen our understanding of brain-behavior relationships and inform our efforts to develop more effective therapeutic interventions for individuals with brain disorders. Our overall goal is for rtfMRI to advance personalized assessment and intervention approaches to enhance resilience and reduce morbidity by correcting maladaptive patterns of brain function in those with brain disorders. Downloaded from. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not .
Change: Embrace It, Don't Deny It

OVERVIEW: Change midstream in a product development project often means cost and budget overruns, schedule delays and product defects. Understandably, managers dislike change and have installed systems, such as phased development, to inhibit it. On the other hand, change—from understanding the customer better, from market dynamics and from technology advances—is connected inescapably with innovation, which management seeks. This article proposes an alternative: build a set of tools and approaches to accommodate change without undue disruption, thus reintroducing flexibility into product development. The flexibility techniques described in this article were inspired by the recent reintroduction of flexibility into the parallel field of software development by the agile software movement. They can be used defensively to deal effectively with imposed change or offensively to actually lead change.
Towards Programmability of a NUMA-Aware Storage Engine

The SQL database language was originally intended for ap- plication programmers. However, after more than 20 years of language extensions, SQL can only be generated by software components and is no longer suitable for an increasing user base like knowledge workers or data scientists, who want to work with data in an interactive fash- ion. The original idea of declarative query languages, telling the system what information to retrieve and not how to retrieve it, is still rele- vant. However, procedural elements are extremely worthwhile and have to be part of a next generation database programming language without compromising performance and scalability. To tackle this challenge, we are going to present our overall approach consisting of a highly-scalable NUMA-aware storage engine ERIS and a novel appropriate procedural programming approach on top of ERIS in this paper.
Helper-independent Sleeping Beauty Transposon–transposase Vectors for Efficient Nonviral Gene Delivery and Persistent Gene Expression in Vivo

Transposon-based vectors represent promising new tools for chromosomal transgene insertion and establishment of persistent gene expression in vivo. Here, we report the development of helper-independent transposon–transposase (HITT) vectors, which contain on single plasmids (i) a Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon containing the transgene and (ii) a SB transposase expression cassette. To obtain an optimal level of transposase expression from HITT vectors, we determined the relative strength of a panel of different promoters in mouse liver and used these promoters to drive transposase expression from injected HITT vectors carrying a human ␣ 1-antitrypsin (hAAT) expression cassette flanked by transposon inverted repeats. By correlating promoter strength with stabilized serum hAAT levels, a narrow expression window supporting high-level transposition in the liver was defined. Peak levels of long-term gene expression were obtained with promoters 30-to 40-fold less active than CMV in mouse liver, whereas reduced stable levels of hAAT were detected with both weaker and stronger promoters. Injected HITT vectors induced transposase-dependent insertion of transposon DNA into the genome of at least 5– 6% of transfected hepatocytes, generating levels of persistent hAAT expression that were 2-to 4-fold higher than with an optimized two-plasmid approach. In addition, we show that HITT vectors carrying a human factor IX (hFIX)-containing transposon support (i) long-term hFIX expression in normal mice and (ii) partial phenotypic correction in a mouse model of hemophilia B. SB-based HITT vectors represent a major advance in the establishment of persistent transgene expression from nonviral gene delivery systems and should prove useful for gene transfer to tissues or cell types in which transfection efficiencies are low.
Tarantula{:} Killing Driver Bugs Before They Hatch

The Linux operating system is undergoing continual evolution. Evolution in the kernel and generic driver modules often triggers the need for corresponding evolutions in specific device drivers. Such collateral evolutions are tedious, because of the large number of device drivers, and error-prone, because of the complexity of the code modifications involved. We propose an automatic tool, Tarantula, to aid in this process. In this paper, we examine some recent evolutions in Linux and the collateral evolutions they trigger, and assess the corresponding requirements on Tarantula.
Inflation and Growth: In Search of a Stable Relationship

A re inflation and growth inversely associated, directly associated, or not associated? Is the empirical inflationgrowth relationship primarily a long-run relationship across countries, a shortrun relationship across time, or both? Like a bickering couple, inflation and growth just cannot seem to decide what their relationship should be. In this article, we characterize the literature on inflation and growth. Aware of the limits of our comparative advantage, we do not intend to do a general survey of the literature. Instead, we look at the aspects of the literature that motivated us to pursue one particular angle in our own recent work: the behavior of growth before, during, and after discrete high inflation crises.
Vicious and Virtuous Cycles in Global Virtual Team Role Coordination

Role coordination is an important aspect of task performance in teams. This phenomenon has received little attention in global virtual teams (GVT) with their coordination hurdles. An exploratory study of two GVT was conducted to investigate role coordination. Our findings reveal that role ambiguity may lead to the emergence of individual roles in GVT contingent on task interdependency. In particular, high role ambiguity leads to the emergence of individual roles when GVT task interdependency is low but not so when it is high. These factors form a vicious cycle that hampers GVT role coordination. Another vicious cycle is formed when personal coordination mechanisms result in uneven distribution of information. Virtuous cycles are formed when group coordination mechanisms aid effective role coordination, preventing the emergence of individual roles and building shared team interaction mental models. In addition to vicious and virtuous cycles, we also identified technical roles as being salient in the GVT context.
Elements in the Canine Distemper Virus M 3′ UTR Contribute to Control of Replication Efficiency and Virulence

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the genus Morbillivirus and the family Paramyxoviridae. The Morbillivirus genome is composed of six transcriptional units that are separated by untranslated regions (UTRs), which are relatively uniform in length, with the exception of the UTR between the matrix (M) and fusion (F) genes. This UTR is at least three times longer and in the case of CDV also highly variable. Exchange of the M-F region between different CDV strains did not affect virulence or disease phenotype, demonstrating that this region is functionally interchangeable. Viruses carrying the deletions in the M 3′ UTR replicated more efficiently, which correlated with a reduction of virulence, suggesting that overall length as well as specific sequence motifs distributed throughout the region contribute to virulence.
A STUDY ON TRAINING , COMPARISON OF WORDS IN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION USED FOR FLUENCY DISORDER THERAPY – STUTTERING

Speech is considered to be a very effective and developed means of communication. Speech disorders or speech impediments are a type of disorders, where 'normal' speech is disturbed. Someone who is unable to speak due to a speech disorder is considered mute. All children seem slow in the early stages of learning language, but some children continued with the some problems. Speech disorders describe children whose speech and language is developing abnormally. Sometimes, however, the message might be affected by physiological or psychological factors, becoming incoherent for the listener. This paper presents the types of disorders, especially focused on the fluency disorders where artificial recognition and disfluency identification are considered to be complicated and complex, and also discussed about the training methods used in the pattern – matching approach to automatic speech recognition which can be used for fluency disorder therapy especially for the stuttering people. Keywords— Fluency disorder, Speech, Speech disorders, Stuttering; Training, Word detection, Word Comparison.
Making the "Box" Transparent: System Call Performance as a First-Class Result

For operating system intensive applications, the ability of designers to understand system call performance behavior is essential to achieving high performance. Conventional performance tools, such as monitoring tools and profilers, collect and present their information off-line or via out-of-band channels. We believe that making this information first-class and exposing it to applications via in-band channels on a per-call basis presents opportunities for performance analysis and tuning not available via other mechanisms. Furthermore, our approach provides direct feedback to applications on time spent in the kernel, resource contention, and time spent blocked, allowing them to immediately observe how their actions affect kernel behavior. Not only does this approach provide greater transparency into the workings of the kernel, but it also allows applications to control how performance information is collected, filtered, and correlated with application-level events. To demonstrate the power of this approach, we show that our implementation, DeBox, obtains precise information about OS behavior at low cost, and that it can be used in debugging and tuning application performance on complex workloads. In particular, we focus on the industry-standard SpecWeb99 benchmark running on the Flash Web Server. Using DeBox, we are able to diagnose a series of problematic interactions between the server and the OS. Addressing these issues as well as other optimization opportunities generates an overall factor of four improvement in our SpecWeb99 score, throughput gains on other benchmarks, and latency reductions ranging from a factor of 4 to 47.
Bright globular clusters in NGC 5128: The missing link between young massive clusters and evolved massive objects

Context. Globular clusters are the simplest stellar systems in which structural parameters are found to correlate with their masses and luminosities. Aims. To investigate whether the brightest globular clusters in the giant elliptical galaxies are similar to the less luminous globular clusters like those found in Local Group galaxies, we study the velocity dispersion and structural parameter correlations of a sample of bright globular clusters in the nearest giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 (Centaurus A). Methods. The UVES echelle spectrograph on the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) was used to obtain high-resolution spectra of 23 bright globular clusters in NGC 5128, and 10 clusters were observed with EMMI in echelle mode with the ESO New Technology Telescope. The two datasets have 5 clusters in common, while one cluster observed with UVES had too low a signal-to-noise ratio. Hence the total number of clusters analysed in this work is 27, more than doubling the previously known sample. Their spectra were cross-correlated with template spectra to measure the central velocity dispersion for each target. The structural parameters were either taken from the existing literature, or in cases where this was not available, we derived them from our VLT FORS1 images taken under excellent seeing conditions, using the ISHAPE software. The velocity dispersion and structural parameter measurements were used to obtain masses and mass-to-luminosity ratios ($M/L_V$) for 22 clusters. Results. The masses of the clusters in our sample range from M vir = 10 5 -10 7 $M_{\odot}$, and the average $M/L_V$ is 3 ± 1. The three globular clusters harbouring X-ray point sources are the second, third, and sixth most massive in our sample. The most massive cluster, HCH99-18, is also the brightest and the largest. It has a mass ( M vir = 1.4$\times$10 7 $M_{\odot}$) that is an order of magnitude higher than the most massive clusters in the Local Group and a high $M/L_V$ ratio (4.7 ± 1.2). We briefly discuss possible formation scenarios for this object. Conclusions. The correlations of structural parameters, velocity dispersion, masses, and $M/L_V$ for the bright globular clusters in NGC 5128 extend the properties established for the most massive Local Group clusters towards those characteristic of dwarf elliptical nuclei and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs). The detection of the mass-radius and the mass-$M/L_V$ relations for the globular clusters with masses higher than ~ 2 $\times$ 10 6 $M_{\odot}$ provides the missing link between “normal” old globular clusters, young massive clusters, and evolved objects like UCDs.
Association between B Vitamins Supplementation and Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Cumulative Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background Observational studies suggest that B vitamin supplementation reduces cardiovascular risk in adults, but this association remains controversial. This study aimed to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating B vitamin supplementation for the primary or secondary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes and to perform a cumulative meta-analysis to determine the evidence base. Methodology and Principal Findings In April 2013, we searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant RCTs. We included RCTs investigating the effect of B vitamin supplementation on cardiovascular outcome. Relative risk (RR) was used to measure the effect using a random-effect model. Statistical heterogeneity scores were assessed using the Q statistic. We included data on 57,952 individuals from 24 RCTs: 12 primary prevention trials and 12 secondary prevention trials. In 23 of these trials, 10,917 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred; in 20 trials, 7,203 deaths occurred; in 15 trials, 3,422 cardiac deaths occurred; in 19 trials, 3,623 myocardial infarctions (MI) occurred; and in 18 trials, 2,465 strokes occurred. B vitamin supplementation had little or no effect on the incidence of MACE (RR, 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93–1.03; P = 0.37), total mortality (RR, 1.01; 95% CI: 0.97–1.05; P = 0.77), cardiac death (RR, 0.96; 95% CI: 0.90–1.02; P = 0.21), MI (RR, 0.99; 95% CI: 0.93–1.06; P = 0.82), or stroke (RR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.85–1.03; P = 0.18). Conclusion/Significance B vitamin supplementation, when used for primary or secondary prevention, is not associated with a reduction in MACE, total mortality, cardiac death, MI, or stroke.