Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Do People with Multiple Sclerosis Experience Prognostic Uncertainty and Prognosis Communication? A Qualitative Study

Background Disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is highly variable and predicting prognosis is notoriously challenging. Patients’ prognosis beliefs, responses to prognostic uncertainty and experiences of prognosis-related communication with healthcare professionals (HCPs) have received little study. These issues have implications for patients’ psychological adjustment and are important in the context of the recent development of personalised prognosis forecasting tools. This study explored patient perspectives on the experience of prognostic uncertainty, the formation of expectations about personal prognosis and the nature of received and desired prognosis communication. Methods 15 MS patients participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews which were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results Six themes captured key aspects of the data: Experiencing unsatisfactory communication with HCPs, Appreciating and accepting prognostic uncertainty, Trying to stay present-focused, Forming and editing personal prognosis beliefs, Ambivalence towards forecasting the future, and Prognosis information delivery. MS patients report having minimal communication with HCPs about prognosis. Over time MS patients appear to develop expectations about their disease trajectories, but do so with minimal HCP input. Provision of prognosis information by HCPs seems to run counter to patients’ attempts to remain present-focused. Patients are often ambivalent about prognosis forecasting and consider it emotionally dangerous and of circumscribed usefulness. Conclusions HCPs must carefully consider whether, when and how to share prognosis information with patients; specific training may be beneficial. Future research should confirm findings about limited HCP-patient communication, distinguish predictors of patients’ attitudes towards prognostication and identify circumstances under which prognostic forecasting benefits patients.
Identification of a Novel Amino Acid Response Pathway Triggering ATF2 Phosphorylation in Mammals

ABSTRACT It has been well established that amino acid availability can control gene expression. Previous studies have shown that amino acid depletion induces transcription of the ATF3 (activation transcription factor 3) gene through an amino acid response element (AARE) located in its promoter. This event requires phosphorylation of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2), a constitutive AARE-bound factor. To identify the signaling cascade leading to phosphorylation of ATF2 in response to amino acid starvation, we used an individual gene knockdown approach by small interfering RNA transfection. We identified the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) module MEKK1/MKK7/JNK2 as the pathway responsible for ATF2 phosphorylation on the threonine 69 (Thr69) and Thr71 residues. Then, we progressed backwards up the signal transduction pathway and showed that the GTPase Rac1/Cdc42 and the protein Gα12 control the MAPK module, ATF2 phosphorylation, and AARE-dependent transcription. Taken together, our data reveal a new signaling pathway activated by amino acid starvation leading to ATF2 phosphorylation and subsequently positively affecting the transcription of amino acid-regulated genes.
{μ-1,2-Bis[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl]-1,2-dimethylhydrazine-κ2 P:P′}bis[chloridogold(I)] tetrahydrofuran disolvate

The title compound, [Au2Cl2(C30H34N2O4P2)]·2C4H8O, is formed from a bidentate phosphine ligand complexed to two almost linearly coordinated gold(I) atoms [P—Au—Cl = 175.68 (3) Å]. The nuclei are 3.122 (2) Å apart. The molecule exhibits a twofold rotation axis.
Electrochemical sensing in elimination voltammetry

Elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) represents the fast and simple improvement of linear-sweep or cyclic voltammetric results. Through the various elimination functions, EVLS offers a new tool not also for better understanding of complex electrochemical processes on the surface of working electrodes, but also for improving the sensitivity of electrochemical measurements. The paper is mainly focused on the elimination function 'E4', which eliminates the kinetic and charging current components and conserves the diffusion one from a total current measured. It was found that this function has the most sensitive and separation ability in the case of adsorptive electroactive species. The strength of combination of EVLS with an adsorptive stripping technique was demonstrated by the enhancement and resolution of overlapped reduction signals of adenine and cytosine residues in short synthetic oligonucleotides (ODN) and DNA at the hanging mercury drop electrode. Two EVLS modes  single and double  are presented and their detection capabilities in analytical systems discussed.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using green alga (Chlorella vulgaris) and its application for synthesis of quinolines derivatives

Abstract Nanoparticles have been used century ago but have regained their importance in recent years being simple, ecofriendly, pollutant free, nontoxic, low-cost approach, and due good atom economy. In this report, we have demonstrated the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using green algae (Chlorella vulgaris) which in turn was used for synthesis of biologically important quinolines. Algal extract was prepared and treated with silver nitrate solution for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized with the help of analytical tools like UV, FTIR, X-ray, and SEM and used as a catalyst for the synthesis of quinolines. Graphical Abstract
Cancer Response Criteria and Bone Metastases: RECIST 1.1, MDA and PERCIST

Response criteria represent the standard by which the efficacy of therapeutic agents is determined in cancer trials. The most widely used criteria are based on the anatomic measurement of solid tumors. Because bone metastases are typically located in irregularly shaped bones and are difficult to measure with rulers, they have been previously considered unmeasurable disease. New developments in cancer response criteria have increased awareness of the importance of the response of bone metastases to therapy. The recently updated Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) now consider bone metastases with soft tissue masses > 10 mm to be measurable disease. Response criteria specific to bone metastases have been developed at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDA criteria) and can be used to assess therapeutic response in numerous types of bone metastases. Functional imaging criteria, such as the recently developed Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) allow response to be measured in the absence of anatomic change through assessment of metabolic activity. As monitoring tumor response of bone metastases becomes more important in the management of cancer, so does the demand on radiologists and nuclear medicine physicians for accurate interpretation of the behavior of these lesions. This article reviews anatomic, bone, and metabolic response criteria, providing illustrations for the interpretation of therapy-induced change in bone metastases.
Locating Multiple Interacting Quantitative Trait Loci with the Zero-Inflated Generalized Poisson Regression

We consider the problem of locating multiple interacting quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing traits measured in counts. In many applications the distribution of the count variable has a spike at zero. Zero-inflated generalized Poisson regression (ZIGPR) allows for an additional probability mass at zero and hence an improvement in the detection of significant loci. Classical model selection criteria often overestimate the QTL number. Therefore, modified versions of the Bayesian Information Criterion (mBIC and EBIC) were successfully used for QTL mapping. We apply these criteria based on ZIGPR as well as simpler models. An extensive simulation study shows their good power detecting QTL while controlling the false discovery rate. We illustrate how the inability of the Poisson distribution to account for over-dispersion leads to an overestimation of the QTL number and hence strongly discourages its application for identifying factors influencing count data. The proposed method is used to analyze the mice gallstone data of Lyons et al. (2003). Our results suggest the existence of a novel QTL on chromosome 4 interacting with another QTL previously identified on chromosome 5. We provide the corresponding code in R.
Embedding-Based Speaker Adaptive Training of Deep Neural Networks

An embedding-based speaker adaptive training (SAT) approach is proposed and investigated in this paper for deep neural network acoustic modeling. In this approach, speaker embedding vectors, which are a constant given a particular speaker, are mapped through a control network to layer-dependent element-wise affine transformations to canonicalize the internal feature representations at the output of hidden layers of a main network. The control network for generating the speaker-dependent mappings is jointly estimated with the main network for the overall speaker adaptive acoustic modeling. Experiments on large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) tasks show that the proposed SAT scheme can yield superior performance over the widely-used speaker-aware training using i-vectors with speaker-adapted input features.
Functional characterization of SLCO1B1 (OATP-C) variants, SLCO1B1*5, SLCO1B1*15 and SLCO1B1*15+C1007G, by using transient expression systems of HeLa and HEK293 cells

Objectives SLCO1B1*5 and SLCO1B1*15 have been reported to reduce the clearance of pravastatin in healthy volunteers. However, there remains controversy in the effects of SLCO1B1*5 on the activity of OATP1B1 in vitro. In addition, the effect of SLCO1B1*15 on the function of OATP1B1 has not been studied using cDNA-expression systems. Object of the present study was to study the influence of SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G, a novel haplotype found in a patient with pravastatin-induced myopathy, on the functional properties of OATP1B1 by transient expression systems of HEK293 and HeLa cells using endogenous conjugates and statins as substrates. Methods Transporting assays for endogenous substrates were performed using tritium labeled estradiol-17&bgr;-D-glucuronide and estrone-3-sulfate. Quantitation of pravastatin, atorvastatin, cerivastatin and simvastatin were carried out using HPLC tandem mass spectrometry. Results The transporting activities of cells expressing SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G decreased significantly but those of SLCO1B1*1b, *1a+C1007G and *1b+C1007G were not altered for all of the substrates tested except for simvastatin. Kinetic analysis of pravastatin and atorvastatin showed that Km values were not altered but Vmax values decreased significantly in cells expressing SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G. Immunocytochemical study showed that SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G proteins are localized not only at the plasma membrane but also in the intracellular space. Conclusions These findings suggest that 521T>C, existing commonly in SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G, is the key single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that determines the functional properties of SLCO1B1*5, *15 and *15+C1007G allelic proteins and that decreased activities of these variant proteins are mainly caused by a sorting error produced by this SNP.
Pemanfaatan Big Data Media Sosial Dalam Menganalisa Kemenangan Pilkada

Pemilihan Calon Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Bali 2018 akan melalui beberapa tahapan pemilu mulai dari penentuan bakal calon Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Bali hingga tahapan penghitungan suara. Dalam pemilihan Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur Bali masyarakat dapat terlibat langsung dalam tahapan pemungutan suara yang akan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 27 Juni 2018 (KPU, 2018). Sehingga dapat memunculkan banyak komentar atau pendapat, tidak hanya komentar positif dan netral tapi juga komentar yang negatif. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu untuk melakukan riset atas komentar masyarakat yang mengandung sentimen baik atau positif, sama sekali tidak mengandung senrimen atau netral dan mengandung sentimen buruk atau negatif. Dalam penelitian ini metode digunakan untuk preprocessingdata menggunakan tokenisasi N-gram. N-gram adalah token yang terdiri dari tiga kata setiap satu token. Pada tahap stemming menggunakan algoritma Nzief Adriani. Untuk proses klasifikasinya menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC). Pada pengujian data calon Gubernur akurasi tertinggi diperoleh dari klasifikasi data KBS-Ace pada data yang diambil dari Twitter dengan nilai akurasi 89%, presisi 91% dan recall 94% dan akurasi terendah pada saat proses kalsifikasi data KBS-Ace pada media sosial Facebook. Kata Kunci—Analisa Sentimen, Calon Gubernur Bali 2018, Naive Bayes Classifier
Fat Taste Sensitivity Is Associated with Short-Term and Habitual Fat Intake

Evidence suggests individuals less sensitive to fat taste (high fat taste thresholds (FTT)) may be overweight or obese and consume greater amounts of dietary fat than more sensitive individuals. The aims of this study were to assess associations between FTT, anthropometric measurements, fat intake, and liking of fatty foods. FTT was assessed in 69 Australian females (mean age 41.3 (15.6) (SD) years and mean body mass index 26.3 (5.7) kg/m2) by a 3-alternate forced choice methodology and transformed to an ordinal scale (FT rank). Food liking was assessed by hedonic ratings of high-fat and reduced-fat foods, and a 24-h food recall and food frequency questionnaire was completed. Linear mixed regression models were fitted. FT rank was associated with dietary % energy from fat (β^ = 0.110 [95% CI: 0.003, 0.216]), % energy from carbohydrate (β^ = −0.112 [−0.188, −0.035]), and frequency of consumption of foods per day from food groups: high-fat dairy (β^ = 1.091 [0.106, 2.242]), meat & meat alternatives (β^ = 0.669 [0.168, 1.170]), and grain & cereals (β^ = 0.771 [0.212, 1.329]) (adjusted for energy and age). There were no associations between FT rank and anthropometric measurements or hedonic ratings. Therefore, fat taste sensitivity appears to be associated with short-term fat intake, but not body size in this group of females.
DNA-Directed Immobilized Enzymes on Recoverable Magnetic Nanoparticles Shielded in Nucleotide Coordinated Polymers

Immobilizing enzymes is an effective method to construct a multienzyme system for tandem reactions, but the anchored enzymes are too fragile for industrial applications. Here, an enzyme-shielding strategy is described to manufacture a multienzyme system with an “anchor-shield” structure. This system applies the self-assembly of supramolecular nucleotide coordinated polymers (NCPs) of controllable thickness encapsulating glucose oxidase (GOx) which is fixed on magnetic nanoparticles by DNA-directed immobilization. The nanocoating completely shields GOx, protecting it from denaturation and detachment. As a result, the stability of GOx against stresses was enhanced significantly; it maintained 83% and 64% of activity after incubation of 60 and 120 min under 60 °C. Notably, the encapsulated-enzyme retained 94% of activity after 45 days under 4 °C and 81% after 20 cycles, proving excellent reproducibility. More importantly, with the use of NCPs as a peroxidase-mimic, an enzyme–nanozyme cascade was established .
Sustainable Project Management: A Conceptualization-Oriented Review and a Framework Proposal for Future Studies

Today, more than ever, achieving sustainability of business activities, intertwining social, economic, and environmental perspectives, is one of the most challenging objectives for companies. Project management processes are no exception. This paper aims to contribute to the current research knowledge through a systematic review of the literature on the integration of project management and sustainability. Specifically, the aim was to clarify the research domains of sustainable project management, and to understand the current state of development and the future research directions. Results indicate that academic literature about this topic is still in its infancy, but that scholars’ attention is growing, opening new research directions. Based on the literature review results, we propose a new conceptual framework linking five key dimensions of sustainable project management: corporate policies and practices, resource management, life cycle orientation, stakeholders’ engagement, and organizational learning.
The Detection and Recognition of Bridges' Cracks Based on Deep Belief Network

The artificial visual detection and recognition of bridges' cracks bear great dangers, therefore, we put forward a method of digital and intelligent detection of bridges fractures, combined with machine vision and the Deep Belief Network technologies. This method adopts Raspberry Pi to collect and pre-process images, to transmit images data by the GPRS / 3G or wired networks. And it uses high-level image servers to make image analysis. According to the characteristics of bridges cracks ' images, this method selects and improves the best processing algorithm, as well as detects and recognizes the true bridges cracks. Finally, bridges cracks are classified by use of the Deep Belief Network (DBN). By the analysis of the experimental data, the system can find all bridges cracks beyond the maximum, and can effectively identify the type of fractures. The recognition rate is above 90%, which meets the accuracy requirements of engineering.
Exposure to high fat during early development impairs adaptations in dopamine and neuroendocrine responses to repeated stress

Abstract Perturbations in the perinatal environment have been shown to significantly alter mesolimbic dopamine (DA) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) responses to stressors in adulthood. We have previously demonstrated that adult offspring exposed to high fat during the last week of gestation and throughout lactation display permanent alterations in mesolimbic DA function and behavior. The goal of the present study was to investigate nucleus accumbens (NAc) DA and HPA responses to acute and repeated stress in high fat exposed (HFD, 30% fat) and control (CD, 5% fat) offspring. Using microdialysis to monitor extracellular DA, we report that adult HFD offspring show an enhanced NAc DA response to acute tail-pinch compared to CD offspring. With repeated tail-pinch, the response of the HFD animals remains unchanged while CD offspring exhibit a sensitized DA response. The pattern of the DA response to both acute and repeated stress is also significantly altered by early diet exposure with an earlier peak and faster return to baseline levels in CD compared with HFD offspring. Similarly, neuroendocrine adaptations to repeated tail-pinch are observed in CD animals, but not in HFD animals. While controls display a habituated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response to repeated tail-pinch, and an exacerbated ACTH response to a novel stressor, this effect was not observed in the HFD offspring. Together, our data demonstrate that exposure to high fat during early development impairs adaptations in NAc DA and HPA responses usually observed with repeated stress.
Cryo-EM reveals the steric zipper structure of a light chain-derived amyloid fibril

Significance Previous studies suggested that the interactions within amyloid fibrils correspond to those seen in peptide microcrystals consisting of steric zippers. Using electron cryomicroscopy, we can now provide further evidence for this hypothesis in a fibril structure that consists of peptide dimers forming steric zippers. These zippers are arranged in a periodic fibrillar lattice, similar to the periodic structure of a crystal. The fibril structure can be rationalized as a hierarchical assembly that is based on simple chemical principles. Identifying the chemical principles that drive fibril formation may deepen our understanding of human diseases linked to these fibrils and of functional amyloids underlying vital biological functions. Furthermore, it may enable novel biotechnological applications and the design of new fibril-based nanomaterials. Amyloid fibrils are proteinaceous aggregates associated with diseases in humans and animals. The fibrils are defined by intermolecular interactions between the fibril-forming polypeptide chains, but it has so far remained difficult to reveal the assembly of the peptide subunits in a full-scale fibril. Using electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM), we present a reconstruction of a fibril formed from the pathogenic core of an amyloidogenic immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain. The fibril density shows a lattice-like assembly of face-to-face packed peptide dimers that corresponds to the structure of steric zippers in peptide crystals. Interpretation of the density map with a molecular model enabled us to identify the intermolecular interactions between the peptides and rationalize the hierarchical structure of the fibril based on simple chemical principles.
Cytotoxic T cells against herpes simplex virus in Behçet's disease

Lymphocytes from 36 patients with Behçet's disease (20 in remission and 16 in active phase) were stimulated in vitro with herpes simplex virus and then tested for their ability to generate cytotoxic T cell responses to the virus. Significant cytotoxic responses were found. CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations from the patients in remission generated specific cytotoxic activity against autologous target cells. These observations suggested that CD4+ and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells may have an important host response in herpes virus infection in Behçet's disease.
Indirect selection for plasmid mutants: isolation of ColVBtrp mutants defective in self-maintenance in Escherichia coli

An efficient method for isolation of a large number of plasmid mutants is described. It is based on the fact that N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine induces a number of closely linked mutations within a short segment of the bacterial chromosome. Thus, selection for reversions of an auxotrophic marker located on the ColVBtrp plasmid yielded a large fraction (more than 50 percent) of mutants defective in some plasmid functions, including its own maintenance in the host bacteria. The results of preliminary characterization of strains carrying these mutated plasmids are presented.