Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polyploids with Different Origins and Ancestors Form a Single Sexual Polyploid Species

Polyploidization is one of the few mechanisms that can produce instantaneous speciation. Multiple origins of tetraploid lineages from the same two diploid progenitors are common, but here we report the first known instance of a single tetraploid species that originated repeatedly from at least three diploid ancestors. Parallel evolution of advertisement calls in tetraploid lineages of gray tree frogs has allowed these lineages to interbreed, resulting in a single sexually interacting polyploid species despite the separate origins of polyploids from different diploids. Speciation by polyploidization in these frogs has been the source of considerable debate, but the various published hypotheses have assumed that polyploids arose through either autopolyploidy or allopolyploidy of extant diploid species. We utilized molecular markers and advertisement calls to infer the origins of tetraploid gray tree frogs. Previous hypotheses did not sufficiently account for the observed data. Instead, we found that tetraploids originated multiple times from extant diploid gray tree frogs and two other, apparently extinct, lineages of tree frogs. Tetraploid lineages then merged through interbreeding to result in a single species. Thus, polyploid species may have complex origins, especially in systems in which isolating mechanisms (such as advertisement calls) are affected directly through hybridization and polyploidy.
A Synchronous Scheduling Service for Distributed Real-Time Java

Current trends in real-time systems identify Java as a new alternative to develop both centralized and distributed real-time systems. Many efforts have been devoted to develop the Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ), and there is substantial ongoing activity to produce a straightforward and valuable Distributed Real-Time Specification for Java (DRTSJ). The current paper provides a contribution to this latter activity defining, from different angles, a synchronous scheduling service aligned with principles of some popular real-time architectures. This service orchestrates the system in such a way that it provides end-to-end guarantees in the distributed transactions, guaranteeing their timely execution across the network and nodes. The service is described from two points of view: the system one, characterizing a portable model; and the programmer one, defining a distributed object-oriented implementation of a model based on Real-Time Remote Method Invocation (RTRMI). Finally, it also presents results of an implementation carried out to judge the efficiency of the service, offering a preliminary predictability and performance assessment of a distributed real-time Java technology.
An Accurate Radially Stratified Approach for Determining the Complex Permittivity of Liquids in a Cylindrical Microwave Cavity

A complex permittivity measurement method is introduced that is applicable to radially stratified resonant microwave cavities excited by a TM0m0 eigenmode. This single-frequency approach is well suited to the measurement of the complex permittivity of liquids because it can accurately account for a supporting tube container. It can also be applied advantageously to solid rods or tubes. The frequency dependence, as well as the field configuration at the cavity walls are taken into account more accurately than in other approaches. Comparing our results with published measurements of well-known liquids validates this technique.
Molecular characterization of a ribonucleotide reductase (nrdF) gene fragment of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and assessment of the recombinant product as an experimental vaccine for enzootic pneumonia

A Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae clone bank was screened with hyperimmune pig serum. One clone exhibited sequence homology to the prokaryotic R2 subunit of ribonucleotide reductase and was expressed as an 11-kDa protein fused to beta-galactosidase. The vaccine potential of the fusion protein was assessed in pig trials. Following experimental challenge with a virulent isolate of M. hyopneumoniae, gross lung pathology (mean Goodwin lung score) of vaccinated animals, irrespective of adjuvant treatment, was significantly reduced compared with that of control unvaccinated pigs (P < 0.05).
Genetic differentiation associated with commercial traffic in the Polynesian mosquito, Aedes polynesiensis Marks 1951

Abstract The population structure of the Polynesian mosquitoAedes polynesiensiswas investigated using electrophoretic data from two polymorphic protein loci. Considerable differentiation was observed both within and between islands in different archipelagos (Society, Tuamotu, Austral). Gene flow evaluated byFstestimates was independent of geographic distance between islands but related to commercial traffic intensity. The results are discussed in view of recent findings on the variability of susceptibility to insecticides and of suitability as a vector for the nematodeWuchereria bancrofti.
System performance of cellular network underlaying D2D multi-hop communication

Device-to-Device (D2D) communication was initially proposed in cellular networks as a new paradigm to enhance network performance. The main focus is on the capacity of the proposed system with multiple idle UEs serving as relays. This paper investigates the tight integration of D2D communication into an LTE-A network and the performance of D2D multi-hop communication. Further, we present numerical results based on the system simulations in an interference limited scenario. Our studies and analysis and numerical results indicate that multi-hop D2D communications combined schemes can be useful not only for harvesting the potential gains previously identified in the literature, but also for extending the coverage of cellular networks.
An Observation of Classroom Assessment Practices among Lecturers in Selected Malaysian Higher Learning Institutions.

Purpose – The study was aimed at exploring and analysing the current assessment practices of lecturers in selected Malaysian higher learning institution classrooms. The focus was the different modes of assessment used in the classroom and to make recommendations on using a variety of assessment modes that would be well-aligned with the intended learning outcomes. Methodology – A qualitative approach using a descriptive case study design was employed in developing the study. Subjects of the study were selected based on a voluntary basis and 15 lecturers teaching in eight programmes from two higher learning institutions participated in the study. Classroom observation was the main method of data collection, while data analysis employed thematic analysis. Each lecturer was observed twice. Three instruments were used in data collection, namely: pre-observation form, observation form and video recordings. The data was analysed through the opencoding process. The notes in the observation forms were compiled and reviewed to identify themes. 24 Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction: Vol. 14 No. 1 (2017): 23-61 Findings – The findings revealed that the current assessment practices of the lecturers included several modes of assessment, with oral questioning and peer assessment modes being used more frequently than others. The feedback modes employed were also varied with giving comments and correcting student answers or errors as the most common modes. The results provided evidence that besides teacher assessment, peer assessment was found to be another form of assessment favoured by the lecturers during the teaching and learning process. It was used to assess student presentations, to correct peer errors, and to give feedback. Significance – The findings were used to guide decisions on the need for assessment training for lecturers, educators and curriculum developers regarding the types of assessment modes for incorporation in teaching and learning, and also the need for assessment training that would provide lecturers with the knowledge and confidence to use a variety of assessment modes.
Advanced Nursing Directives: Integrating Validated Clinical Scoring Systems into Nursing Care in the Pediatric Emergency Department

In an effort to improve the quality and flow of care provided to children presenting to the emergency department the implementation of nurse-initiated protocols is on the rise. We review the current literature on nurse-initiated protocols, validated emergency department clinical scoring systems, and the merging of the two to create Advanced Nursing Directives (ANDs). The process of developing a clinical pathway for children presenting to our pediatric emergency department (PED) with suspected appendicitis will be used to demonstrate the successful integration of validated clinical scoring systems into practice through the use of Advanced Nursing Directives. Finally, examples of 2 other Advanced Nursing Directives for common clinical PED presentations will be provided.
ChEMBL: a large-scale bioactivity database for drug discovery

ChEMBL is an Open Data database containing binding, functional and ADMET information for a large number of drug-like bioactive compounds. These data are manually abstracted from the primary published literature on a regular basis, then further curated and standardized to maximize their quality and utility across a wide range of chemical biology and drug-discovery research problems. Currently, the database contains 5.4 million bioactivity measurements for more than 1 million compounds and 5200 protein targets. Access is available through a web-based interface, data downloads and web services at: https://www.ebi. ac.uk/chembldb.
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Late Leaf Spot Resistance and Plant-Type-Related Traits in Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Multi-Environments

Late leaf spot (LLS) is one of the most serious foliar diseases affecting peanut worldwide leading to huge yield loss. To understand the genetic basis of LLS and assist breeding in the future, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis for LLS and three plant-type-related traits including height of main stem (HMS), length of the longest branch (LLB) and total number of branches (TNB). Significant negative correlations were observed between LLS and the plant-type-related traits in multi-environments of a RIL population from the cross Zhonghua 5 and ICGV 86699. A total of 20 QTLs were identified for LLS, of which two QTLs were identified in multi-environments and six QTLs with phenotypic variation explained (PVE) more than 10%. Ten, seven, fifteen QTLs were identified for HMS, LLB and TNB, respectively. Of these, one, one, two consensus QTLs and three, two, three major QTLs were detected for HMS, LLB and TNB, respectively. Of all 52 unconditional QTLs for LLS and plant-type-related traits, 10 QTLs were clustered in five genetic regions, of which three clusters including five robust major QTLs overlapped between LLS and one of the plant-type-related traits, providing evidence that the correlation could be genetically constrained. On the other hand, conditional mapping revealed different numbers and different extent of additive effects of QTLs for LLS conditioned on three plant-type-related traits (HMS, LLB and TNB), which improved our understanding of interrelationship between LLS and plant-type-related traits at the QTL level. Furthermore, two QTLs, qLLSB6-7 and qLLSB1 for LLS resistance, were identified residing in two clusters of NB-LRR—encoding genes. This study not only provided new favorable QTLs for fine-mapping, but also suggested that the relationship between LLS and plant-type-related traits of HMS, LLB and TNB should be considered while breeding for improved LLS resistance in peanut.
Does Everything Fall Apart? Life Assessments Following a Gray Divorce

The divorce–stress–adjustment theoretical framework emphasizes not only the negative consequences associated with marital dissolution but also the positive outcomes that can eventually emerge after former spouses part ways. This study aims to examine the subjective life assessments of the heterosexual gray divorced population within the first 3 years of their marital splits with respect to this framework. Qualitative data based on 66 in-depth interviews of the gray divorced population were collected and analyzed using grounded theory methods. Negative consequences of gray divorce included financial worries and loneliness. However, participants also identified positive aspects of their new lives, including higher levels of overall happiness, liberation from their ex-spouses, and enhanced independence and freedom. These results show that immediately after their marriages dissolve, members of the gray divorced population experience complex reactions in accordance with the divorce-stress-adjustment framework. More specifically, these men and women see both challenges and opportunities after their gray divorces.
A Monte Carlo expectation maximisation algorithm for multiple target tracking

In this paper, we present an expectation-maximisation (EM) algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation in multiple target models (MTT) with Gaussian linear state-space dynamics. We show that estimation of sufficient statistics for EM in a single Gaussian linear state-space model can be extended to the MTT case along with a Monte Carlo approximation for inference of unknown associations of targets. The stochastic approximation EM algorithm that we present here can be used along with any Monte Carlo method which has been developed for tracking in MTT models, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo and sequential Monte Carlo methods. We demonstrate the performance of the algorithm with a simulation.
High-Dimensional Statistical Distance for Object Tracking

This paper deals with object tracking in the video sequences. The goal is to determine in successive frames the object which best matches. So we used the similar measure between the reference object and candidate object can be distinguished: Relying on the same principle of histogram distance, but within a probabilistic framework, we introduce a new tracking technique. First, measure based solely radiometry include distances between probability density function of color histograms. Then we propose to compute the Chebyshev distance between high-dimensional PDF without explicitly estimating the PDF. The distance is expressed directly from the sample using the nearest neighbor framework. It capability of the tracker to target object variations, is demonstrated for several image sequences.
Performance-driven muscle-based facial animation

We describe a system to synthesize facial expressions by editing captured performances. For this purpose, we use the actuation of expression muscles to control facial expressions. We note that there have been numerous algorithms already developed for editing gross body motion. While the joint angle has direct effect on the configuration of the gross body, the muscle actuation has to go through a complicated mechanism to produce facial expressions. Therefore, we devote a significant part of this paper to establish the relationship between muscle actuation and facial surface deformation. We model the skin surface using finite element method to simulate the deformation caused by expression muscles. Then, we implement the inverse relationship, muscle actuation parameter estimation, to find the muscle actuation values from the trajectories of the markers on the performer’s face. Once the forward and inverse relationships are established, retargeting or editing a performance becomes an easy job. We apply the original performance data to different facial models with equivalent muscle structures, to produce similar expressions. We also produce novel expressions by deforming the original data curves of muscle actuation to satisfy the key-frame constraints imposed by animators.
Inequality and mobility analysis by the Hungarian Rotation Panel, 1993-98

We investigate the trends of inequalities and mobility of income, expenditure and stock of durables between 1993 and 1998 in Hungary. In 1996-8 the stagnating level of inequalities is coupled with relatively low and decreasing mobility. The relationship between inequalities and mobility fastens the relative positions of households, increasing the share of households unable to improve their positions on the short term. The impacts of the stabilisation shock in 1995 are shown with the help of the Hungarian Rotation Household Panel, a new dataset based on Household Budget Surveys. We give a detailed description of the Rotation Panel.
Space-efficient data structures for string searching and retrieval

viii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 1.1 The Models of Computation . 4 1.2 Our Contributions . 5 1.3 Roadmap . 5 Chapter 2: Preliminaries . 6 2.1 Generalized Suffix Tree . 6 2.2 Suffix Array . 6 2.3 Compressed Suffix Arrays . 7 2.4 Bit Vectors with Rank/Select Support . 7 2.5 Succinct Representation of Ordinal Trees . 7 2.6 Document Array . 7 2.7 Differentially Encoding a Sorted Array . 9 2.8 String B-tree . 9 Chapter 3: External Memory Data Structures . 10 3.1 Preliminary: Top-k Framework . 10 3.2 External Memory Structures . 11 3.2.1 Breaking Down into Sub-Problems . 12 3.2.2 Converting Top-k to Threshold via Logarithmic Sketch . 14 3.2.3 Special Structures for Bounded k . 16 3.2.4 I/O-Optimal Data Structure via Bootstrapping . 18 3.3 Adapting to Internal Memory . 18 Chapter 4: Succinct Space Data Structures . 20 4.1 Related Work . 20 4.2 Our Data Structure . 21 4.2.1 The Compressed Data Structure . 24 4.2.2 Faster Compressed Data Structure . 26 4.3 Extensions . 29 Chapter 5: Compact Space Data Structures . 31 5.1 Related Work . 31 5.2 The Data Structure . 32 5.3 Storing and Retrieving the Lists top(x, z) . 33 iv 5.4 Completing the Picture . 36 5.4.1 Query Answering . 37 5.4.2 Computing Scores Online . 37 5.5 Reducing the Time to O(p+ k log∗ k) . 39 Chapter 6: Multipattern Retrieval . 41 6.1 Handling m > 2 Patterns . 45 Chapter 7: Conclusions . 46 References . 48 Vita . 52
Stochastic Hamiltonian Systems : Exponential Convergence to the Invariant Measure , and Discretization by the Implicit Euler Scheme

In this paper we carefully study the large time behaviour of u(t, x, y) := Ex,y f(Xt, Yt)− ∫ f dμ, where (Xt, Yt) is the solution of a stochastic Hamiltonian dissipative system with non gbally Lipschitz coefficients, μ its unique invariant law, and f a smooth function with polynomial growth at infinity. Our aim is to prove the exponential decay to 0 of u(t, x, y) and all its derivatives when t goes to infinity, for all (x, y) in R. We apply our precise estimates on u(t, x, y) to analyze the convergence rate of a probabilistic numerical method based upon the implicit Euler discretization scheme which approximates ∫ f dμ.
TIME-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF IONOSPHERIC SCINTILLATION COSMIC GPS-RO DATA USING SYNCHROSQUEEZING TRANSFORM

COSMIC GPS Radio occultation systems are developed for investigating global ionospheric and tropospheric features of atmosphere ionospheric effects are a major critical concern in radio communications and navigation systems. The predominant ionospheric effect is scintillation, which causes small scale fading in GNSS received signals. Hence, there is a necessity to understand the ionospheric morphology, especially in low latitude region. In this paper, GPS RO ionospheric scintillation measurements over the Indian region have been considered for the analysis. A Novel spectral analysis tool based on synchrosqueezing transform (SST) method is proposed for identifying low latitude equatorial Ionospheric anomalies. It is found that SST provides better time-frequency resolution under conditions of severe scintillation.
Possibilistic Hopfield Neural Network on CT Brain Hemorrhage Image Segmentation

In this paper, a possibilistic Hopfield neural netw ork (PHNN) has been proposed for clustering and subsequ ently applied to brain hemorrhage image segmentation base d on a series of CT images. The neural network structure has been implemented by imbedding the weighting possibi li tic c-means algorithm into a Hopfield neural network. T he network solved the coincidental cluster problem by using a weighting factor and it can also be implemented in parallel. The proposed neural network has been compared to fu zzy c-means (FCM), possibilistic c-means (PCM), and fuz zypossibilistic c-means (FPCM) algorithms by using bo th simulated data and real images. The results showed that PHNN was more noise-resistant and reliable than the old ones.
Analytic Model of Performance in Telecommunication Systems, Based on On-oo Traac Sources with Self-similar Behavior

1 A short review of what we call \Linear Algebraic Queueing Theory (LAQT)" is presented, including the basic formulas for matrix representations of Phase (or`Matrix Exponential') Distributions. Semi-Markov (or Markov Renewal) Processes are then described in this formulation, with particular emphasis on`Markov Modulated Poisson Processes (MMPP). ' The MMPP process is then modiied to represent ON-OFF models with non-exponential holding times (the 1-Burst model). A `Truncated Power-Tail (TPT)' Distribution with a Phase representation is then described. It is the combination of ON-OFF Processes with TPT ON-times that allows telecommunications systems with self-similar and long-range dependent traac to be modeled analytically as a point process. We then present some results, showing that there is a range of values for the on-time data rate where performance can go rapidly from very good to very bad even while the overall arrival rate is held constant. We then show how this can be extended to include several independent, overlapping bursts, the N-Burst Process.
Image-based visual servo control of a robotic arm by using cellular neural networks

An image-based visual servo control of a robotic arm with two degrees of freedom using a video camera to follow a moving object is presented. The proposed algorithm includes only elementary CNN (Cellular Neural Networks) template operations. Hence, it is possible to implement this algorithm on a CNNUniversal Chip (CNN-UC). In this way, between two successive acquired input images, by complete parallel processing with cellular neural networks of twodimensional signals all the necessary processing are performed in real-time.