Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of Candidate Cold Stress and Metabolic Related Genes in Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans PQ33 Strain Using Ferrous Iron as Electron Donor

The identification of genes involved in cold adaptations of psychrotolerant bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrivorans is important for biomining processes that take place at low temperatures like Andean mining installations in Peru. We have performed relative quantification RT-qPCR on candidate genes to have a role in adaptations at low temperature (5°C). The candidate genes analyzed were six: Two trehalose synthesis pathway genes, trehalose synthase (treS) and malto-oligosiltrehalose trehalohydrolase (treZ) showing no overexpression at 5°C. Two diguanylate cyclases genes related to exopolymer synthesis and biofilm formation (designated as dgc-I and dgc-II in this paper) were overexpressed at 21°C. The rusA and rusB genes involved in iron oxidation showed no significant change for rusA and no expression for rusB gene in any of both conditions. Genes rpoC, gyrB and alaS were validated as reference genes. These results show congruency with trancriptomics studies about gene expression of A. ferrivorans. Furthermore, the trehalose synthesis genes show no overexpression at low temperatures suggesting that other cold adaptation mechanisms are involved.
Materials Development for Next Generation Optical Fiber

Optical fibers, the enablers of the Internet, are being used in an ever more diverse array of applications. Many of the rapidly growing deployments of fibers are in high-power and, particularly, high power-per-unit-bandwidth systems where well-known optical nonlinearities have historically not been especially consequential in limiting overall performance. Today, however, nominally weak effects, most notably stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) are among the principal phenomena restricting continued scaling to higher optical power levels. In order to address these limitations, the optical fiber community has focused dominantly on geometry-related solutions such as large mode area (LMA) designs. Since such scattering, and all other linear and nonlinear optical phenomena including higher order mode instability (HOMI), are fundamentally materials-based in origin, this paper unapologetically advocates material solutions to present and future performance limitations. As such, this paper represents a ‘call to arms’ for material scientists and engineers to engage in this opportunity to drive the future development of optical fibers that address many of the grand engineering challenges of our day.
Client disclosure and therapist response in psychotherapy with women with a history of childhood sexual abuse

Abstract This study investigated the perceptions of adult clients (N=98; M age=32) with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) of the costs and benefits of disclosure of this material. Significant benefits of disclosing included a sense of relief from sharing bottled-up emotions, and feeling more accepted and understood by one's therapist; significant negative consequences included feeling emotionally overwhelmed, and feeling uncomfortably vulnerable and exposed. Linear regressions indicated that CSA patients who generally disclose more have a greater tendency to experience both positive and negative effects of disclosure about abuse. In addition, a hierarchical regression analysis indicated that higher levels of symptomatology were predictive of higher levels of anxiety related to disclosure in therapy, suggesting that clinicians need to be cautious in encouraging disclosure about CSA with patients with severe pathology.
Targeting of low-dose CT screening according to the risk of lung-cancer death.

BACKGROUND In the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) resulted in a 20% reduction in lung-cancer mortality among participants between the ages of 55 and 74 years with a minimum of 30 pack-years of smoking and no more than 15 years since quitting. It is not known whether the benefits and potential harms of such screening vary according to lung-cancer risk. METHODS We assessed the variation in efficacy, the number of false positive results, and the number of lung-cancer deaths prevented among 26,604 participants in the NLST who underwent low-dose CT screening, as compared with the 26,554 participants who underwent chest radiography, according to the quintile of 5-year risk of lung-cancer death (ranging from 0.15 to 0.55% in the lowest-risk group [quintile 1] to more than 2.00% in the highest-risk group [quintile 5]). RESULTS The number of lung-cancer deaths per 10,000 person-years that were prevented in the CT-screening group, as compared with the radiography group, increased according to risk quintile (0.2 in quintile 1, 3.5 in quintile 2, 5.1 in quintile 3, 11.0 in quintile 4, and 12.0 in quintile 5; P=0.01 for trend). Across risk quintiles, there were significant decreasing trends in the number of participants with false positive results per screening-prevented lung-cancer death (1648 in quintile 1, 181 in quintile 2, 147 in quintile 3, 64 in quintile 4, and 65 in quintile 5). The 60% of participants at highest risk for lung-cancer death (quintiles 3 through 5) accounted for 88% of the screening-prevented lung-cancer deaths and for 64% of participants with false positive results. The 20% of participants at lowest risk (quintile 1) accounted for only 1% of prevented lung-cancer deaths. CONCLUSIONS Screening with low-dose CT prevented the greatest number of deaths from lung cancer among participants who were at highest risk and prevented very few deaths among those at lowest risk. These findings provide empirical support for risk-based targeting of smokers for such screening. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute.).
Learning predictive models of a depth camera & manipulator from raw execution traces

In this paper, we attack the problem of learning a predictive model of a depth camera and manipulator directly from raw execution traces. While the problem of learning manipulator models from visual and proprioceptive data has been addressed before, existing techniques often rely on assumptions about the structure of the robot or tracked features in observation space. We make no such assumptions. Instead, we formulate the problem as that of learning a high-dimensional controlled stochastic process. We leverage recent work on nonparametric predictive state representations to learn a generative model of the depth camera and robotic arm from sequences of uninterpreted actions and observations. We perform several experiments in which we demonstrate that our learned model can accurately predict future depth camera observations in response to sequences of motor commands.
Multifaceted guideline implementation strategies improve early identification and management of osteoporosis.

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis contributes significantly to fractures, subsequent disability and premature mortality in Australia. Better detection and management of osteoporosis will reduce unnecessary health expenditure. OBJECTIVE To evaluate, in one large tertiary metropolitan hospital, the orthopaedic health care team's approach to osteoporosis guideline implementation to improve early identification and management of osteoporosis. METHODS This paper describes the implementation of multifaceted strategies to improve health-promoting behaviours and the uptake of osteoporosis guidelines by staff in the orthopaedic outpatient clinic at one metropolitan hospital, reflecting organisational and individual commitment to embedding guideline recommendations into routine practice. Implementation strategies were aimed at the requirements and perspectives of different stakeholder groups. Five audit datasets were compared: 62 patient records in two baseline audits, and three post-implementation audits of 31 patient records, collected over the following 3-month periods (August 2006 to April 2007). All audits used the same criteria to assess compliance with clinical guidelines, and outcomes of implementation strategies. RESULTS There was consistent improvement in compliance with osteoporosis guidelines over the audit periods. Comparing baseline and immediate post-implementation data, there was a significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the percentage of patients with likely fragility fractures who were identified with an osteoporotic fracture. The percentage of patients who had a likely fragility fracture, with whom staff communicated about their problems and how to deal with them, increased consistently over all post-implementation audit periods. For patients with established osteoporosis who presented with fragility fractures, there was sustained improvement over the audit periods in the percentage provided with guideline-based care. CONCLUSION This study highlights that appropriate and targeted intervention strategies can be effective if modelled on best practice guideline implementation approaches with the use of a coordinated post-fracture management approach to osteoporosis.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31-Ce prepared by multipass solid-phase synthesis

ABSTRACT The effects of extrusion passes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the magnesium AZ31-Ce alloy prepared by solid-phase synthesis were studied. The deformation mechanism of Mg-Ce chips was also discussed. The alloy was characterised by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry and an electronic universal strength tester. The results show that Mg-Ce chips are constantly crushed and deformed, and finally exhibit a fine granulated shape as the number of extrusion passes increases. The mechanical properties of the alloy markedly increase with further extrusion passes. After five passes, the tensile strength and elongation reach 311 MPa and 9.83%, respectively. The solid-phase synthesis method has the potential to prepare wrought magnesium alloys with rare earth alloying additions.
Computational modeling of nanoscale and microscale particle deposition, retention and dosimetry in the mouse respiratory tract

Abstract Comparing effects of inhaled particles across rodent test systems and between rodent test systems and humans is a key obstacle to the interpretation of common toxicological test systems for human risk assessment. These comparisons, correlation with effects and prediction of effects, are best conducted using measures of tissue dose in the respiratory tract. Differences in lung geometry, physiology and the characteristics of ventilation can give rise to differences in the regional deposition of particles in the lung in these species. Differences in regional lung tissue doses cannot currently be measured experimentally. Regional lung tissue dosimetry can however be predicted using models developed for rats, monkeys, and humans. A computational model of particle respiratory tract deposition and clearance was developed for BALB/c and B6C3F1 mice, creating a cross-species suite of available models for particle dosimetry in the lung. Airflow and particle transport equations were solved throughout the respiratory tract of these mice strains to obtain temporal and spatial concentration of inhaled particles from which deposition fractions were determined. Particle inhalability (Inhalable fraction, IF) and upper respiratory tract (URT) deposition were directly related to particle diffusive and inertial properties. Measurements of the retained mass at several post-exposure times following exposure to iron oxide nanoparticles, micro- and nanoscale C60 fullerene, and nanoscale silver particles were used to calibrate and verify model predictions of total lung dose. Interstrain (mice) and interspecies (mouse, rat and human) differences in particle inhalability, fractional deposition and tissue dosimetry are described for ultrafine, fine and coarse particles.
Run-time parallelization and scheduling of loops

Abstract : This paper studies run-time methods to automatically parallelize and schedule iterations of a do loop in certain cases, where compile-time information is inadequate. The methods presented in this paper involve execution time preprocessing of the loop. At compile-time, these methods set up the framework for performing a loop dependency analysis. At run-time, wavefronts of concurrently executable loop iterations are identified. Using this wavefront information, loop iterations are reordered for increased parallelism. The authors utilize symbolic transformation rules to produce: (1) inspector procedures that perform execution time preprocessing and (2) executors or transformed versions of source code loop structures. These transformed loop structures carry out the calculations planned in the inspector procedures. They present performance results from experiments conducted on the Encore Multimax. These results illustrate that run-time reordering of loop indices can have a significant impact on performance. Furthermore, the overheads associated with this type of reordering are amortized when the loop is executed several times with the same dependency structure.
Carrageenan-guar gum microwave irradiated micro-porous interpenetrating polymer network: A system for drug delivery

ABSTRACT A series of microwave irradiated IPN of Crg and GG have been synthesized and cross linking through hydrogen bonding was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Thermal sensitivity at 48°C, degradation above 200°C is an emblem of uniqueness. We obtained micro rough surface morphology, hydrophilicity and muco-adhesion supporting S6 for targeted drug delivery. Honey comb like internal architecture will provide high mechanical strength. The sample S6 showed 72% drug release in 12 hours. Based on the results, it was concluded that the S6 can be used as target oriented controlled drug delivery devices enabling control over swelling and drug release. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Optical band gap Modification and Photodetector Properties of Au NPs Doped CuZnS Thin Films

Au nanoparticles doped CuZnS (CZS) thin films were deposited by spray pyrolysis method (SPD) onto glass and silicon substrates at temperature of 330 oC and annealed at 450oC. Cu:Zn:S content was 1:1:2 and Au NPs dopant ratio was 4%, 6% and 8%. The structural, surface morphology, optical and photodetector properties were investigated with respect to the dopant concentration. X–Ray diffraction patterns indicate that the films have low crystallinity and polycrystalline structure nature with ZnS sphalerite cubic phase. The intensity of diffraction peaks and the crystallite size increased with the increase of Au Np's dopant ratio. The SEM images show a homogeneous and smooth uniform surface. Also AFM images reveals that the roughness increased from1.95 nm for CZS (1:1:2) to 2.64 nm for CZS:Au (4%), 4.86 nm for CZS:Au (6%) and 3.82 nm for CZS:Au (8%) thin films, these increases could be probably due to the increasing concentration of atomic gold in the CZS thin films, The average grain diameter was evaluated from the plane view images for 68.99 CZS 1:1:2 and CZS:Au NPs was (93.59–102.07 nm). Au Np's dopant ratio, the lower band gap corresponds to CuxS phase and double band gap confirms the alloy nature of material. The decreased in energy band gap after increasing of Au Np's dopant ratio can be attributed to the red shift of the absorption edge and to the improvement in the crystallinity, increase of Au Np's ratio leads to decrease band gap from 2.5 eV to 2.39 eV. Photodetectors CuZnS: Au Np's/Si were synthesized and I–V characteristics have been investigated, the results showed that the photocurrent increased from 0.0 to (8.65×10 -7 A, 5.62×10 -6 A and 5.03 ×10 -6 A) at the bias voltage range of 0– 2V under illumination, and from 0.0 to (3.49 ×10 -7 A, 1.9 ×10 -6 A and 3.14 ×10 -6 A) in the dark for CZS:Au NPs (4%, 6% and 8%) ratio, respectively. Under applied voltage of 2V, the response time was (0.8, 0.5 and 1.5 sec) respectively; whereas the recovery time was (0.6, 0.9 and 1.35 sec) and the sensitivity increased from 42.86% to 122.73%. http://dx.doi. org/10.31257/2018/JKP/100115
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING NATURALISTIC INQUIRIES AS REPORTS

Research on the assessment of naturalistic inquiries is reviewed, and criteria for assessment are outlined. Criteria reviewed include early foundational and non-foundational criteria, trustworthiness criteria, axiomatic criteria, rhetorical criteria, action criteria, and application/transferability criteria. Case studies that are reports of naturalistic inquiries should meet the following criteria: (1) provide a sense of vicarious "deja vu" experience; (2) allow for use as a metaphor; and (3) allow for use as a basis for reexamining and reconstructing one's own construction of a given phenomena. Product criteria are as important as are process criteria, and studies that can be shown to meet these product criteria will fulfill important functions within the emergent paradigm. Such studies will: resonate with the basic assumptions or axioms of the naturalistic paradigm; exemplify the interpersonal involvement that characterized the form of inquiry; and empower, activate, and stimulate the reader. (TJH) EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER IERIC) 0/his document has been reproduced as received horn the person or organization originating it O Minor changes have been made lc improve reproduction quality.
Electrophysiological Basis of Fecal Incontinence and Its Implications for Treatment

The majority of patients with neuropathic incontinence and other pelvic floor conditions associated with straining at stool have damage to the pudendal nerves distal to the ischial spine. Sacral nerve stimulation appears to be a promising innovation and has been widely adopted and currently considered the standard of care for adults with moderate to severe fecal incontinence and following failed sphincter repair. From a decision-to-treat perspective, the short-term efficacy is good (70%–80%), but the long-term efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation is around 50%. Newer electrophysiological tests and improved anal endosonography would more effectively guide clinical decision making.
Fabrication of Biochips with Micro Fluidic Channels by Micro End-milling and Powder Blasting

For microfabrications of biochips with micro fluidic channels, a large number of microfabrication techniques based on silicon or glass-based Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technologies were proposed in the last decade. In recent years, for low cost and mass production, polymer-based microfabrication techniques by microinjection molding and micro hot embossing have been proposed. These techniques, which require a proper photoresist, mask, UV light exposure, developing, and electroplating as a pre-process, are considered to have some problems. In this study, we propose a new microfabrication technology which consists of micro end-milling and powder blasting. This technique could be directly applied to fabricate the metal mold without any preprocesses. The metal mold with micro-channels is machined by micro end-milling, and then, burrs generated in the end-milling process are removed by powder blasting. From the experimental results, micro end-milling combined with powder blasting could be applied effectively for fabrication of the injection mold of biochips with micro fluidic channels.
Searching for a superlinear lower bounds for the Maximum Consecutive Subsums Problem and the (min, +)-convolution

Given a sequence of n numbers, the Maximum Consecutive Subsums Problem (MCSP) asks for the maximum consecutive sum of lengths l for each l = 1,. ,n. No algorithm is known for this problem which is significantly better than the naive quadratic solution. Nor a super linear lower bound is known. The best known bound for the MCSP is based on the the computation of the (min,+)-convolution, another problem for which neither an O(n^{2-{\epsilon}}) upper bound is known nor a super linear lower bound. We show that the two problems are in fact computationally equivalent by providing linear reductions between them. Then, we concentrate on the problem of finding super linear lower bounds and provide empirical evidence for an {\Omega}(nlogn) lower bounds for both problems in the decision tree model.
The conserved Wobble uridine tRNA thiolase Ctu1–Ctu2 is required to maintain genome integrity

Modified nucleosides close to the anticodon are important for the proper decoding of mRNA by the ribosome. Particularly, the uridine at the first anticodon position (U34) of glutamate, lysine, and glutamine tRNAs is universally thiolated (S2U34), which is proposed to be crucial for both restriction of wobble in the corresponding split codon box and efficient codon–anticodon interaction. Here we show that the highly conserved complex Ctu1–Ctu2 (cytosolic thiouridylase) is responsible for the 2-thiolation of cytosolic tRNAs in the nematode and fission yeast. In both species, inactivation of the complex leads to loss of thiolation on tRNAs and to a thermosensitive decrease of viability associated with marked ploidy abnormalities and aberrant development. Increased level of the corresponding tRNAs suppresses the fission yeast defects, and our data suggest that these defects could result from both misreading and frame shifting during translation. Thus, a translation defect due to unmodified tRNAs results in severe genome instability.
On the Determination of Rock Anisotropy for Stress Measurements

The traditional methods of in situ stress determination can be seriously affected by rock anisotropy, which necessitates both development of the corresponding interpretation methods and accurate determination of the elastic characteristics of the anisotropic rocks. In this contribution we consider the method of determination of anisotropic moduli by testing small subcores drilled in different directions. Rock anisotropy is often induced by the presence of joints, foliation, schistosity, bedding or similar features. In the case when the spacing between the theses features exceeds the length of the subcores the results of moduli determination in separate subcores shows considerable variability. A mechanism of this variability lies in the fact that a particular subcore may or may not be intersected by a joint. We show that despite this, the averaging procedure used in the method of moduli reconstruction, developed previously by the authors, can still be successfully applied, since the averaging over the subcores recovers the large-scale moduli. However, the standard deviation associated with the randomness of joint-subcore intersection can in some case be very large (potentially unlimited) which explains the observed variability.
Randomly coloring sparse random graphs with fewer colors than the maximum degree

We analyze Markov chains for generating a random k‐coloring of a random graph Gn,d/n. When the average degree d is constant, a random graph has maximum degree Θ(log n/log log n), with high probability. We show that, with high probability, an efficient procedure can generate an almost uniformly random k‐coloring when k = Θ(log log n/log log log n), i.e., with many fewer colors than the maximum degree. Previous results hold for a more general class of graphs, but always require more colors than the maximum degree. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg. , 2006