Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 50–70 GHz I/Q modulator with improved sideband suppression using HPF/LPF based quadrature power splitter

This paper presents a 50–70 GHz wideband I/Q modulator with improved sideband suppression. The sideband suppression improvement results from the on-chip HPF/LPF based broadband quadrature power splitter. The I/Q modulator exhibits conversion gain of −6 to −2 dB from 50–70 GHz. The LO-RF isolation is better than 36 dB. The sideband suppression is better than 19 dBc from 50 to 75 GHz.
Identification of a novel human mitochondrial endo-/exonuclease Ddk1/c20orf72 necessary for maintenance of proper 7S DNA levels

Although the human mitochondrial genome has been investigated for several decades, the proteins responsible for its replication and expression, especially nucleolytic enzymes, are poorly described. Here, we characterized a novel putative PD-(D/E)XK nuclease encoded by the human C20orf72 gene named Ddk1 for its predicted catalytic residues. We show that Ddk1 is a mitochondrially localized metal-dependent DNase lacking detectable ribonuclease activity. Ddk1 degrades DNA mainly in a 3′–5′ direction with a strong preference for single-stranded DNA. Interestingly, Ddk1 requires free ends for its activity and does not degrade circular substrates. In addition, when a chimeric RNA–DNA substrate is provided, Ddk1 can slide over the RNA fragment and digest DNA endonucleolytically. Although the levels of the mitochondrial DNA are unchanged on RNAi-mediated depletion of Ddk1, the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA molecule (7S DNA) accumulates. On the other hand, overexperssion of Ddk1 decreases the levels of 7S DNA, suggesting an important role of the protein in 7S DNA regulation. We propose a structural model of Ddk1 and discuss its similarity to other PD-(D/E)XK superfamily members.
Using the R-MAPE index as a resistant measure of forecast accuracy

Resumen Background: The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is probably the most widely used goodness-of-fi t measure. However, it does not meet the validity criterion due to the fact that the distribution of the absolute percentage errors is usually skewed to the right, with the presence of outlier values. In these cases, MAPE overstates the corresponding population parameter. In this study, we propose an alternative index, called Resistant MAPE or R-MAPE based on the calculation of the Huber M-estimator, which allows overcoming the aforementioned limitation. Method: The results derived from the application of Artifi cial Neural Network (ANN) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models are used to forecast a time series. Results: The arithmetic mean, MAPE, overstates the corresponding population parameter, unlike R-MAPE, on a set of error distributions with a statistically signifi cant right skew, as well as outlier values. Conclusions: Our results suggest that R-MAPE represents a suitable alternative measure of forecast accuracy, due to the fact that it provides a valid assessment of forecast accuracy compared to MAPE.
3D ICs-power Analysis Using Cylindrical and Co-axial Through Silicon Via (TSV)

In this study, analytical model and electrical equivalent circuit of Through Silicon Via (TSV) is analyzed. Through silicon Vias form an integral component of the 3-D IC technology by enabling vertical interconnections in 3-D ICs. Among various types, the performances of the simplified lumped TSV model of cylindrical and co-axial type were studied. The performance analyses of these structures were presented by introducing these structures between the tiers of digital circuits. The power consumption of the transistor level digital circuits for single tier without TSV and multiple tiers with cylindrical TSV and Co-axial TSV was simulated using Virtuoso Schematic Editor of Cadence. The comparison for cylindrical and co-axial TSV model with different level tiers were tabulated and performed.
Fragment reconstruction: providing global cache coherence in a transactional storage system

Cooperative caching is a promising technique to avoid the increasingly formidable disk bottleneck problem in distributed storage systems; it reduces the number of disk accesses by servicing client cache misses from the caches of other clients. However, existing cooperative caching techniques do not provide adequate support for fine grained sharing. We describe a new storage system architecture, split caching, and a new cache coherence protocol, fragment reconstruction, that combine cooperative caching with efficient support for fine grained sharing and transactions. We also present the results of performance studies that show that our scheme introduces little overhead over the basic cooperative caching mechanism and provides better performance when there is fine grained sharing.
Response to Intervention: Principles and Strategies for Effective Practice. Practical Intervention in the Schools Series. Second Edition.

Introduction: What Is Response to Intervention (RTI)? NCLB, IDEA, and RTI: Linkages across National Education Policies. RTI Instead of Discrepancy Models. Evidence-Based Interventions. Single-Subject Experimental Design. Single-Subject Research and RTI: A Natural Collaboration. Using RTI Procedures for Assessment of Academic Difficulties. Using RTI Procedures with Students from Diverse Backgrounds: Considering Ability, Culture, Language, Race, and Religion. Using RTI Procedures as Part of Special Education Eligibility Decision Making. RTI Reports: Formal Evidence of Student Progress. Training Educators to Use RTI Methods. Frequently Asked Questions! and Our Best Responses: Some Conclusions about RTI.
Optimal trajectory planning for robotic manipulators using improved teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a method of optimal trajectory planning for robotic manipulators that applies an improved teaching-learning-based optimization (ITLBO) algorithm. Design/methodology/approach The ITLBO algorithm possesses better ability to escape from the local optimum by integrating the original TLBO with variable neighborhood search. The trajectory of robotic manipulators complying with the kinematical constraints is constructed by fifth-order B-spline curves. The objective function to be minimized is execution time of the trajectory. Findings Experimental results with a 6-DOF robotic manipulator applied to surface polishing of metallic workpiece verify the effectiveness of the method. Originality/value The presented ITLBO algorithm is more efficient than the original TLBO algorithm and its variants. It can be applied to any robotic manipulators to generate time-optimal trajectories.
A novel antioestrogen agent (3R, 6R)‐bassiatin inhibits cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by repressing cyclin D1 expression in 17β‐oestradiol‐treated MCF‐7 cells

Bassiatin [(3R, 6R)‐bassiatin] was isolated from the endogenous fungus Fusarium oxysporum J8‐1‐2. We found that oestrogen‐dependent cell growth was inhibited by bassiatin in MCF‐7 ERα (oestrogen receptor α)‐positive breast cancer cells. In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of ERα and the oestrogen‐responsive gene cyclin D1 were down‐regulated by bassiatin in the presence of 17β‐oestradiol. Co‐treatment of 17β‐oestradiol and bassiatin increased phospho‐cyclin D1 (Thr286), an indicator of cyclin D1 phosphorylation‐dependent degradation. However, this effect was not obvious in the absence of 17β‐oestradiol, suggesting that bassiatin may play a role in the metabolism of cyclin D1 by decreasing cyclin D1 protein expression in the presence of 17β‐oestradiol. Cyclin D1, known as a key cell cycle regulator, regulates the transition of G1‐ and S‐phase. Decreased cyclin D1 was found to be involved in bassiatin‐induced MCF‐7 cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our study showed that bassiatin induced cell cycle arrest and exerted an antioestrogen effect. It may prove to be a potential drug target for antioestrogen therapy in ERα‐positive breast cancer.
How an Entry-Level, Interdisciplinary Sustainability Course Revealed the Benefits and Challenges of a University-Wide Initiative for Sustainability Education.

Purpose – Delivery of sustainability-related curriculum to undergraduate students can be problematic due to the traditional “siloing” of curriculum by faculties along disciplinary lines. In addition, while there is often a ready availability of courses focused on sustainability issues in the later years of students’ programs, few early entry-level courses focused on sustainability, broad enough to apply to all disciplines, are available to students in the first year of their program. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, we describe the development, and preliminary implementation, of an entry-level, interdisciplinary sustainability course. To do so, the authors describe the development of a university-wide initiative designed to bridge units on campus working and teaching in sustainability areas, and to promote and support sustainability curriculum development. Findings – The authors describe the conceptual framework for organising course content and delivery. The authors conclude with an informal .
Visualizing metabolic changes in breast‐cancer tissue using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and self‐organizing maps

In‐vitro NMR spectroscopic examinations of tissue extracts can be combined with appropriate pattern‐recognition and visualization techniques in order to monitor characteristic metabolic differences between tissue classes. In the present study, such techniques are applied to a set of 88 breast‐tissue samples with the intention of identifying typical differences between various tissue classes. The set contains 49 breast‐tumor samples of various tumor grades and 39 samples of healthy tissue. The metabolite compositions of the tissue extracts were investigated using a dual extraction technique and high‐resolution 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. The spectra of the hydrophilic and the lipophilic compounds were assigned to three groups according to different malignancy grades of the respective tissue samples. The group characteristics were analyzed using the k‐nearest‐neighbor method and self‐organizing‐map visualizations. The results show an increase of UDP‐hexose, phosphocholine and phosphoethanolamine concentrations according to the tumor grade. Higher concentrations of taurine were detected in the malignant samples. Myo‐inositol and glucose content were elevated in control samples compared with malignant tissue. Both compounds also characterized different subgroups in the pool of unaffected tissue samples depending upon fat content or fibrosis. Several lipid metabolites showed a characteristic elevation with high malignancy. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Associations: abstractions over collaboration

The notion of associations as abstractions over collaborations is motivated and explored. This kind of association is seen as first class a concept at both modeling and programming level. Associations are seen as concepts/phenomena and possess properties. Properties of associations are characterized. A general event-based information sending and receiving mechanism is investigated as an example of a concrete form of property at the programming level.
Construction and Characterization of Transposon Insertion Mutations in Corynebacterium diphtheriae That Affect Expression of the Diphtheria Toxin Repressor (DtxR)

ABSTRACT Transcription of the bacteriophage-borne diphtheria toxin gene tox is negatively regulated, in response to intracellular Fe2+ concentration, by the chromosomally encoded diphtheria toxin repressor (DtxR). Due to a scarcity of tools, genetic analysis of Corynebacterium diphtheriae has primarily relied on analysis of chemically induced and spontaneously occurring mutants and on the results of experiments with C. diphtheriae genes cloned in Escherichia coli or analyzed in vitro. We modified a Tn5-based mutagenesis technique for use with C. diphtheriae, and we used it to construct the first transposon insertion libraries in the chromosome of this gram-positive pathogen. We isolated two insertions that affected expression of DtxR, one 121 bp upstream of dtxR and the other within an essential region of the dtxR coding sequence, indicating for the first time that dtxR is a dispensable gene in C. diphtheriae. Both mutant strains secrete diphtheria toxin when grown in medium containing sufficient iron to repress secretion of diphtheria toxin by wild-type C. diphtheriae. The upstream insertion mutant still produces DtxR in decreased amounts and regulates siderophore secretion in response to iron in a manner similar to its wild-type parent. The mutant containing the transposon insertion within dtxR does not produce DtxR and overproduces siderophore in the presence of iron. Differences in the ability of the two mutant strains to survive oxidative stress also indicated that the upstream insertion retained slight DtxR activity, whereas the insertion within dtxR abolished DtxR activity. This is the first evidence that DtxR plays a role in protecting the cell from oxidative stress.
Rows vs. Columns: Randomized Kaczmarz or Gauss-Seidel for Ridge Regression

The Kaczmarz and Gauss-Seidel methods aim to solve a linear $m \times n$ system $\boldsymbol{X} \boldsymbol{\beta} = \boldsymbol{y}$ by iteratively refining the solution estimate; the former uses random rows of $\boldsymbol{X}$ {to update $\boldsymbol{\beta}$ given the corresponding equations} and the latter uses random columns of $\boldsymbol{X}$ {to update corresponding coordinates in $\boldsymbol{\beta}$}. Interest in these methods was recently revitalized by a proof of Strohmer and Vershynin showing linear convergence in expectation for a \textit{randomized} Kaczmarz method variant (RK), and a similar result for the randomized Gauss-Seidel algorithm (RGS) was later proved by Lewis and Leventhal. Recent work unified the analysis of these algorithms for the overcomplete and undercomplete systems, showing convergence to the ordinary least squares (OLS) solution and the minimum Euclidean norm solution respectively. This paper considers the natural follow-up to the OLS problem, ridge regression, which solves $(\boldsymbol{X}^* \boldsymbol{X} + \lambda \boldsymbol{I}) \boldsymbol{\beta} = \boldsymbol{X}^* \boldsymbol{y}$. We present particular variants of RK and RGS for solving this system and derive their convergence rates. We compare these to a recent proposal by Ivanov and Zhdanov to solve this system, that can be interpreted as randomly sampling both rows and columns, which we argue is often suboptimal. Instead, we claim that one should always use RGS (columns) when $m > n$ and RK (rows) when $m n$ or $m < n$.
FONet : A Federated Overlay Network for DoS Defense in the Internet ( A Position Paper )

We propose a novel service architecture to provide DoS resistant communication services in the Internet. The architecture consists of a large scale federated overlay network with DoS protected tunnels established between overlay nodes. Individual overlay nodes are deployed and maintained by the domains hosting them. The overlay network as a whole is shared by all participating domains. This architecture is designed to be secure against DoS attacks and can provide different levels of DoS protection as value-added communication services on a large scale.
CHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTS OF HUMAN PLASMA FRACTIONATION. II. ELECTROPHORETIC AND ULTRACENTRIFUGAL STUDIES OF SOLUTIONS OF HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN AND IMMUNE SERUM GLOBULINS.

The importance of the standardization of new products of therapeutic value need hardly be stressed in this place. In the fractionation of plasma proteins on a large scale, it is necessary to have means of determining the uniformity of the products for the purpose of insuring predictable clinical responses. In the case of the products from human plasma, it seemed most appropriate to employ not only clinical but also physical chemical methods of control-procedures which had been of value in the development of these products.
Time course changes in [Ca2+]i, force, and protein content in hindlimb-suspended mouse soleus muscles.

BACKGROUND Exposure to reduced gravitational forces during spaceflight is associated with significant reductions in skeletal muscle mass and strength. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increases in resting cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) would precede reductions in protein content and maximal isometric tetanic force (Po) in mouse soleus muscle after initiation of hindlimb suspension. METHODS Female ICR mice (n = 42) were hindlimb suspended for 1, 2, 3, 5, or 7 d; weight-matched mice were used as controls. Following the hindlimb suspension, the left soleus muscle was used to determine Po in vitro and the right soleus muscle was used to determine protein content and [Ca2+]i via confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS Compared with controls, [Ca2+]i was elevated by 38% at 2 d, and 117% at 7 d. Compared with controls, soleus muscle total and myofibrillar protein contents were reduced 27-29% and 30-34%, respectively, at 5-7 d after initiation of hindlimb suspension. Compared with controls, soleus muscle Po was decreased by 24% at 3 d, and 38% at 7 d. CONCLUSION It appears that resting cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis is disturbed soon after the initiation of hindlimb suspension, and these elevations in [Ca2+]i may play a role in initiating soleus muscle atrophy.
Body experience in the ubiquitous era: towards a new gestural corpus for smart spaces

Our research question is the role of body in a Ubiquitous era. To answer this question, we propose a study for the design of an innovative gestural corpus to allow a natural, simple interaction and communication in social smart space through the body. The goals of this work are 1) to examine the relation between body and space in Ubiquitous era; 2) to investigate the potential of body and senses to improve one's ability to interact with surroundings; 3) to present a study for a new gestural corpus for smart spaces, adopting a bodystorming approach. This paper introduces the general approach, describes our current statement of research and outlines the planned study design.
An Efficient Analytical Placement Algorithm for Mixed-Mode Designs in the presence of Placement Blockages

This paper presents FastPlace 2.0, an efficient analytical placement algorithm to handle the mixed-mode placement problem. The main contributions of this paper are: (1) Extensions to the global placement framework of the standard-cell placer FastPlace [1] to handle mixed-mode designs. (2) An efficient and optimal minimum perturbation legalization algorithm, applied after global placement, to resolve overlaps among the macros. (3) An efficient legalization scheme to legalize the standard cells among the segments created after fixing the movable macros. On the ISPD 02 Mixed-Size placement benchmarks [2], the algorithm is 16.8X and 7.8X faster than academic placers Capo 9.1 and Fengshui 5.0 respectively. Correspondingly, it results in 11% and 2% better wirelength over the respective placers.
Combined SVM-CRFs for Biological Named Entity Recognition with Maximal Bidirectional Squeezing

Biological named entity recognition, the identification of biological terms in text, is essential for biomedical information extraction. Machine learning-based approaches have been widely applied in this area. However, the recognition performance of current approaches could still be improved. Our novel approach is to combine support vector machines (SVMs) and conditional random fields (CRFs), which can complement and facilitate each other. During the hybrid process, we use SVM to separate biological terms from non-biological terms, before we use CRFs to determine the types of biological terms, which makes full use of the power of SVM as a binary-class classifier and the data-labeling capacity of CRFs. We then merge the results of SVM and CRFs. To remove any inconsistencies that might result from the merging, we develop a useful algorithm and apply two rules. To ensure biological terms with a maximum length are identified, we propose a maximal bidirectional squeezing approach that finds the longest term. We also add a positive gain to rare events to reinforce their probability and avoid bias. Our approach will also gradually extend the context so more contextual information can be included. We examined the performance of four approaches with GENIA corpus and JNLPBA04 data. The combination of SVM and CRFs improved performance. The macro-precision, macro-recall, and macro-F1 of the SVM-CRFs hybrid approach surpassed conventional SVM and CRFs. After applying the new algorithms, the macro-F1 reached 91.67% with the GENIA corpus and 84.04% with the JNLPBA04 data.
Extending Manual GUI Testing Beyond Defects by Building Mental Models of Software Behavior

Manual GUI testing involves providing inputs to the software via its GUI and determining the software's correctness using its outputs, one of them being the GUI itself. Because of its human-in-the-loop nature, GUI testing is known to be a time-consuming activity. In practice, it is done by junior, inexpensive testers to keep costs low at the very tail-end of the software development process. In this paper, we posit that the importance of GUI testing has suffered due to its traditional narrow role -- to detect residual software defects. Because of its human-in-the-loop nature, GUI testing has the potential to provide outputs other than defects and to be used as inputs to several downstream activities, e.g., security analysis. One such output is the mental model that the GUI tester creates during testing, a model that implicitly informs the tester of the software designer's intent. To evaluate our claim, we consider an important question used for security assessment of Android apps: "What permission-sensitive behaviors does this app exhibit? " Our assessment is based on the comparison of 2 mental models of 12 Android apps -- one derived from the app's usage and the other from its public description. We compare these two models with a third, automatically derived model -- the permissions the app seeks from the Android OS. Our results show that the usage-based model provides unique insights into app behavior. This model may be an important outcome of GUI testing, and its consistency with other behavioral information about the app could later be used in software quality assurance activities such as security assessment.
Organizational Behavior and Procedural-Interactive Justice in HRM: A Secondary School Level Study

The purpose of the present study was to explore the basic problems being faced in organizational behavior and human resource management. An empirical study was made, whether and how the organizational behavior (OB) influences the relationship between employees perception towards Procedural-Interactive Justice in human resource management (HRM). This study is based on the leadership-member exchange theory (LMX). A survey was conducted over the educational professionals of mixed cadres. Exploratory analyses of 300 employees representing 60 local secondary schools in Punjab, Pakistan showed that organizational behavior and procedural interactional justice are significantly correlated with each other. Two dimensions of the OB i.e. altruism and generalized compliance, have significant relationship between procedural and interactional justice dimensions like formal procedure and interactive justice in HRM. More over regression analysis also provided a significant effectiveness of organizational behavior with procedural and interactive justice.