Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Investigation Of Prosocial Rule Breaking Within The Casual Restaurant Industry

In the hospitality industry, the role of the frontline employee is integral. These employees are the face of the organization and have a strong role in shaping and forming the opinions of consumers by way of their product and service delivery. Therefore, the decisions an employee makes during the product or service delivery is critical in maintaining the relationship with the customer. Employees may be faced with opportunities to better service a customer at the cost of breaking an organizational rule or procedure. When an employee is faced with this dilemma and decides to break the rule on the behalf of the customer knowing the risks involved, this is called prosocial rule breaking. One distinct difference between this concept and general rule breaking is that this is performed as a nonselfish gesture; the employee does not receive any personal benefit. To examine this further, this study investigated the overall propensity to participate in prosocial rule breaking and the impact of the Big Five personality dimensions on prosocial rule
Smartphone Applications Utilizing Biofeedback Can Aid Stress Reduction

Introduction: Stress is one of the leading global causes of disease and premature mortality. Despite this, interventions aimed at reducing stress have low adherence rates. The proliferation of mobile phone devices along with gaming-style applications allows for a unique opportunity to broaden the reach and appeal of stress-reduction interventions in modern society. We assessed the effectiveness of two smartphone applications games combined with biofeedback in reducing stress. Methods: We compared a control game to gaming-style smartphone applications combined with a skin conductance biofeedback device (the Pip). Fifty participants aged between 18 and 35 completed the Trier Social Stress Test. They were then randomly assigned to the intervention (biofeedback game) or control group (a non-biofeedback game) for thirty minutes. Perceived stress, heart rate and mood were measured before and after participants had played the games. Results: A mixed factorial ANOVA showed a significant interaction between time and game type in predicting perceived stress [F(1,48) = 14.19, p < 0.001]. Participants in the biofeedback intervention had significantly reduced stress compared to the control group. There was also a significant interaction between time and game in predicting heart rate [F(1,48) = 6.41, p < 0.05]. Participants in the biofeedback intervention showed significant reductions in heart rate compared to the control group. Discussion: This illustrates the potential for gaming-style smartphone applications combined with biofeedback as stress reduction interventions.
A Template for SOA Design Decision Making in an Educational Setting

An effective software design should ensure that all the quality requirements of a system of interest are supported. As the architecture of a software system can be seen as a set of architectural design decisions (ADDs), the identification of design issues and the choice of design alternatives heavily impact the quality of software systems. This is especially challenging in service orientation for which students need to change their mindset from system design to service-oriented design. In this paper, we present a template driven approach for documenting quality-driven ADDs in an educational setting. We next report on our experience with the usage of the template in a service-oriented software design Master course given over the past three years. We found that the template not only offers a framework guiding the students in their design but also encourages them to make sound ADDs, which leads to a service-oriented design with higher quality.
Early child second language acquisition: French gender in German children

This study investigates the acquisition of grammatical gender in French by German L1 children (age of onset of acquisition (AO) 2;8-4,0). The analysis of spontaneous production data of 24 children gathered longitudinally and a gender assignment test administered to 8 of these children at ages 6;7-8;3 and to 9 children (AO 2,11-3;8) at ages 3;2-5;1 revealed that some of them resembled L1 learners whereas others behaved like adult L2 learners. The turning point is at around AO 3;6. AO is thus a crucial factor determining successive language acquisition.
Spatio-temporal model for multiple ChIP-seq experiments

Abstract The increasing availability of ChIP-seq data demands for advanced statistical tools to analyze the results of such experiments. The inherent features of high-throughput sequencing output call for a modelling framework that can account for the spatial dependency between neighboring regions of the genome and the temporal dimension that arises from observing the protein binding process at progressing time points; also, multiple biological/technical replicates of the experiment are usually produced and methods to jointly account for them are needed. Furthermore, the antibodies used in the experiment lead to potentially different immunoprecipitation efficiencies, which can affect the capability of distinguishing between the true signal in the data and the background noise. The statistical procedure proposed consist of a discrete mixture model with an underlying latent Markov random field: the novelty of the model is to allow both spatial and temporal dependency to play a role in determining the latent state of genomic regions involved in the protein binding process, while combining all the information of the replicates available instead of treating them separately. It is also possible to take into account the different antibodies used, in order to obtain better insights of the process and exploit all the biological information available.
Focal cellular alteration in stable amnion cells produced by inoculation with human leukemia brain extracts.

Summary There have been previous reports of “cellular proliferation” in tissue cultures following inoculation with cell-free preparations of materials from humans with malignant diseases (12). In this laboratory cell-free brain extracts of leukemic children have caused cellular alterations in human cell cultures. The cell-free leukemic brain extracts, prepared by a fluorocarbon emulsification technic, were inoculated into cultures of three strains of amnion cells (Fernandes, FL, WISH) and one strain of liver cells (Chang). There was within the cells an alteration that seemed to originate in the nucleus and gradually increased in size, frequently also causing an enlargement and misshaping of the affected cells. The same effects have been obtained with serial passages of tissue culture supernatant fluids and with cells frozen and thawed in growth media. Removal of cellular debris by filtration or centrifugation, as well as alterations in cell media, did not cause an apparent loss of this effect. Concurrent control inoculations of extracts from the normal human brains did not produce a comparable effect.
Practical visual odometry for car-like vehicles

A method for calculating visual odometry for ground vehicles with car-like kinematic motion constraints similar to Ackerman's steering model is presented. By taking advantage of this non-holonomic driving constraint we show a simple and practical solution to the odometry calculation by clever placement of a single camera. The method has been implemented successfully on a large industrial forklift and a Toyota Prado SUV. Results from our industrial test site is presented demonstrating the applicability of this method as a replacement for wheel encoder-based odometry for these vehicles.
Determining regional limits and sectoral constraints for water use

Water is an essential input to the majority of human activities. Often, access to sufficient water resources is limited by quality and infrastructure aspects, rather than by resource availability alone, and each activity has different requirements regarding the nature of these aspects. This paper develops an integrated approach to assess the adequacy of water resources for the three major water users: the domestic, agricultural and industrial sectors. Additionally, we include environmental water requirements. We first outline the main determinants of water adequacy for each sector. Subsequently, we present an integrated approach using fuzzy logic, which allows assessing sector-specific as well as overall water adequacy. We implement the approach in two case study settings to exemplify the main features of the approach. Using results from two climate models and two forcing RCPs (representative concentration pathways), as well as population projections, we further assess the impacts of climate change in combination with population growth on the adequacy of water resources. The results provide an important step forward in determining the most relevant factors, impeding adequate access to water, which remains an important challenge in many regions of the world. The methodology allows one to directly identify the factors that are most decisive in determining the adequacy of water in each region, pointing towards the most efficient intervention points to improve conditions. Our findings underline the fact that, in addition to water volumes, water quality is a limitation for all sectors and, especially for the environmental sector, high levels of pollution are a threat to water adequacy.
An Anthropocentric View of the Virosphere-Host Relationship

For over a century, viruses have been known as the most abundant and diverse group of organisms on Earth, forming a virosphere. Based on extensive meta-analyses, we present, for the first time, a wide and complete overview of virus–host network, covering all known viral species. Our data indicate that most of known viral species, regardless of their genomic category, have an intriguingly narrow host range, infecting only 1 or 2 host species. Our data also show that the known virosphere has expanded based on viruses of human interest, related to economical, medical or biotechnological activities. In addition, we provide an overview of the distribution of viruses on different environments on Earth, based on meta-analyses of available metaviromic data, showing the contrasting ubiquity of head-tailed phages against the specificity of some viral groups in certain environments. Finally, we uncovered all human viral species, exploring their diversity and the most affected organic systems. The virus–host network presented here shows an anthropocentric view of the virology. It is therefore clear that a huge effort and change in perspective is necessary to see more than the tip of the iceberg when it comes to virology.
Cooperative diversity versus antenna diversity in wireless communication systems

Cooperative communication, a new way of communication has found its applications in almost every wireless network, from cellular to adhoc and sensor networks. The basic idea of cooperative communication is to emulate virtual antenna array to mimic a multi antenna system and hence get improved performance. In this paper, we provide performance analysis of cooperative communication using two basic cooperative protocols (Amplify & Forward and Decode & Forward). We discuss error rate performance comparison of cooperative system with non-cooperative single-input-single-output (SISO) and multi-input-single-output (MISO) systems under the same power constraints.
GPS Positioning Accuracy Estimation Using Cornish-Fisher Expansion

In this paper a new statistic approach based on Cornish-Fisher expansion is introduced for efficient evaluation of positioning accuracy of GPS surveying activities. The proposed approach uses the concept of SEP (spherical error probable) to represent positioning accuracy, and employs a set of equations to estimate its potential observation characteristic. Within the utility context of GPS surveying, the positioning accuracy can be influenced by placing receivers on different points during a period of time. The problem is to determine best valuation in varied surveying sessions. Practical data are used to assess the performance of the proposed approaches.
Approximate explicit constrained linear model predictive control via orthogonal search tree

Solutions to constrained linear model predictive control problems can be precomputed off-line in an explicit form as a piecewise linear state feedback on a polyhedral partition of the state-space, avoiding real-time optimization. We suggest an algorithm that can determine an approximate explicit piecewise linear state feedback by imposing an orthogonal search tree structure on the partition. This leads to a real-time computational complexity that is logarithmic in the number of regions in the partition, and the algorithm yields guarantees on the suboptimality, asymptotic stability and constraint fulfillment.
The Skyrme model for baryons

We review the Skyrme model approach which treats baryons as solitons of an effective meson theory. We start out with a historical introduction and a concise discussion of the original two flavor Skyrme model and its interpretation. Then we develop the theme, motivated by the large $N_C$ approximation of QCD, that the {\it effective} Lagrangian of QCD is in fact one which contains just mesons of all spins. When this Lagrangian is (at least approximately) determined from the meson sector it should then yield a zero parameter description of the baryons. We next discuss the concept of chiral symmetry and the technology involved in handling the three flavor extension of the model at the collective level. This material is used to discuss properties of the light baryons based on three flavor meson Lagrangians containing just pseudoscalars and also pseudoscalars plus vectors. The improvements obtained by including vectors are exemplified in the treatment of the {\it proton spin puzzle}.
Where does Memory Go ? : Study of Memory Management in JVM-based Data Analytics

1. INTRODUCTION Data analytics clusters are typically set up with a centralized resource manager(RM), e.g. Yarn [29], Mesos [20]. Each application scheduled on the cluster negotiates with the RM for resources. A unit of resources allocated to an application is termed as a container, the size of which is specified by the application at the time of submission. With a lack of any sophisticated tools to auto-tune the settings, applications typically run under default settings. This results in either under-utilization of resources or performance bottlenecks. platform because of its salient features such as easier portability across sytems and built-in security. JVM takes care of serializing objects in heap as well as collecting unreferenced objects from the heap. The choice of data structures and serializer/deserial-izer used determine the memory footprint of the application. The process of garbage collection used in freeing memory needs to be carefully tuned in order to best utilize the available heap. As more-and-more data processing is being pushed to memory evidenced by the recent releases churned out by popular systems such as Spark [31], we focus on management of memory in these systems. We begin with identifying three levels of memory management: (a) Resource manager level, (b) Application framework level, and (c) JVM process level. Each of the levels include multiple pools of memory, each serving a specific purpose. Several tuning knobs exist that control size and contents of each of these pools. We identify important knobs in each level that have maximum impact on running time and memory usage of the applications. To understand how memory is managed in a typical data analytics system, we present an example Spark application running on Yarn. Listing 1 lists a code fragment of a simple application of sorting data. It first reads the input dataset Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. (line 1), converts into (key, value) pairs (line 2), sorts by keys (line 3), and writes the result back (line 4). 1. val lines = sc. textFile (args (0)) 2. val data = …
Optimal coordination of directional overcurrent relays in the presence of distributed generation using FCLs

The penetration of distributed generations (DGs) would drastically affect traditional power system fault current level and the characteristic of fault current, consequently affect on coordination of over current relays. Implementation of fault current limiters (FCLs) to locally limit the DG fault current, could somewhat overcome with this problem. Kind and value of FCLs must be chosen by considering from an economical standpoint. Also connecting and disconnecting DGs to the power system according to network operating scheduling or other reasons make power distribution system (PDS) topology time varying and so optimal coordination of DOR will affect. In this study a new approach is proposed to solve these problems of PDS in the presence of DGs. In the proposed approach, settings of relays are chosen based on minimizing a new cost function that assume value of FCLs to be zero, If stopping criteria is satisfied, optimization is done and algorithm will finish. otherwise, the value of FCLs will raise and the algorithm will repeat until sopping criteria satisfy.
North American Pleistocene Stages Reconsidered in Light of Probable Pliocene-Pleistocene Continental Glaciation

Confusion due to the conceptual usage of classic North American Pleistocene stage terms indicates the need for a new or revised terminology. The Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary has tentatively been dated about 2.5 � 0.1 x 106 years. Glacial deposits in the central United States older than about 2.2 x 106 years may span that boundary.
Black-Box Accumulation: Collecting Incentives in a Privacy-Preserving Way

Abstract We formalize and construct black-box accumulation (BBA), a useful building block for numerous important user-centric protocols including loyalty systems, refund systems, and incentive systems (as, e.g., employed in participatory sensing and vehicle-to-grid scenarios). A core requirement all these systems share is a mechanism to let users collect and sum up values (call it incentives, bonus points, reputation points, etc.) issued by some other parties in a privacy-preserving way such that curious operators may not be able to link the different transactions of a user. At the same time, a group of malicious users may not be able to cheat the system by pretending to have collected a higher amount than what was actually issued to them. As a first contribution, we fully formalize the core functionality and properties of this important building block. Furthermore, we present a generic and non-interactive construction of a BBA system based on homomorphic commitments, digital signatures, and non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge. For our construction, we formally prove security and privacy properties. Finally, we propose a concrete instantiation of our construction using Groth-Sahai commitments and proofs as well as the optimal structure-preserving signature scheme of Abe et al. and analyze its efficiency.
Implicit Large Eddy Simulation for Unsteady Turbulent Flows

Abstract : A numerical investigation of high-resolution schemes for solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in the context of Implicit Large Eddy Simulation (ILES) is presented. Computations have been performed using a hybrid total variation-diminishing (TVD) scheme. The hybrid TVD scheme combines third-order Godunov-type fluxes with first-order (dissipative) schemes using the flux limiters approach. Results are presented from numerical experiments of turbulent flow past an open cavity.
EFFICACY OF TOPICAL NITROGLYCERIN AND TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION ON SURVIVAL OF RANDOM-PATTERN SKIN FLAPS IN RATS

We compared the efficacy of topical nitroglycerin and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the survival of random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Thirty Wistar albino rats were used and a dorsal, cranially-based random-pattern flap was raised. The rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. The first group had only the flap raised while the second and third groups were given topical nitroglycerin 5 mg or TENS for one hour a day for seven days. The amount of flap necrosis was measured on the seventh postoperative day. The mean area of necrosis in the flaps were 726.2, 544.2, and 150.0 mm 2 in the control, nitroglycerin, and TENS groups, respectively. The mean percentage of flaps that necrosed were 51.9, 38.9, and 10.7 in the corresponding groups. The TENS group had significantly higher percentage area of flap surviving than the control (p 3 0.0001) and nitroglycerin groups (p = 0.002). TENS, with its efficacy on survival and with negligible side-effects, could be a reliable treatment. Clinically, it can easily be used postoperatively when flaps become ischaemic, and will be tolerated well by patients.
The influence of perceived discrimination, orientation to mainstream culture and life satisfaction on destination loyalty intentions: the case of international students

This study examines three psychological phenomena (perceived discrimination, orientation to mainstream culture and life satisfaction) in explaining destination loyalty of international students. A sample of 489, short-term (n = 174) and long-term (n = 315) international students completed an online survey. Results from structural equation model-AMOS (analysis of moment structures) indicated that (1) orientation to mainstream culture positively influences destination loyalty intention and (2) orientation to mainstream culture mediates the relationship between perceived discrimination and destination loyalty intention. These results suggest that to facilitate destination loyalty intention, institutions may need to develop a support system that can promote positive cross-cultural adjustment.
Curcumin decreases oxidative stress in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Oxidative stress plays a key role in obesity and diabetes-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by increased oxidative damage, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and a reduced ratio of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) production/oxygen consumption. Curcumin represents a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, our objective was to determine the effect of curcumin treatment on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (OM). These results suggest that curcumin treatment increased oxygen consumption and significantly decreased lipid and protein oxidation levels in liver mitochondria isolated from HFD-induced OM compared with those in the untreated OM (UOM). In kidney mitochondria, curcumin treatment significantly increased oxygen consumption and decreased lipid and protein peroxidation levels in HFD-induced OM when compared with those in UOM. Curcumin treatment neither has any effect on body weight gain nor have any effects on mitochondrial NO synthesis. These findings suggest that obesity induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas curcumin may have a protective role against obesity-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.