Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the quality of ionogram interpretation using the HF Doppler technique

Abstract. The first joint common volume measurements by the Digisonde Portable Sounder (DPS-4) and a new Doppler type system has been run at the Pruhonice ionospheric observatory (49.99° N, 14.54° E) since January 2004. The measurement of the Doppler shift is carried out continuously on a frequency of 3.6 MHz, thus the radio wave is reflected predominantly from the ionospheric F layer. To compare digisonde measurements with the Doppler data, a phase path was calculated from both Doppler and digisonde records. Under stormy conditions and in the case where a sporadic E layer was present, a significant disagreement between both measurements has been found. The discrepancies could be related to the uncertainties of the observational inputs and to the interpretation of the digisonde data. The comparison of the phase paths shows that during geomagnetically quiet days, in the absence of the sporadic E layer, and when high quality ionograms are available and correctly scaled, the electron density N(h) profiles, calculated by the Automatic Real Time Ionogram Scaler with True height algorithm (ARTIST), can be considered reliable.
PAIR: the predicted Arabidopsis interactome resource

The predicted Arabidopsis interactome resource (PAIR, http://www.cls.zju.edu.cn/pair/), comprised of 5990 experimentally reported molecular interactions in Arabidopsis thaliana together with 145 494 predicted interactions, is currently the most comprehensive data set of the Arabidopsis interactome with high reliability. PAIR predicts interactions by a fine-tuned support vector machine model that integrates indirect evidences for interaction, such as gene co-expressions, domain interactions, shared GO annotations, co-localizations, phylogenetic profile similarities and homologous interactions in other organisms (interologs). These predictions were expected to cover 24% of the entire Arabidopsis interactome, and their reliability was estimated to be 44%. Two independent example data sets were used to rigorously validate the prediction accuracy. PAIR features a user-friendly query interface, providing rich annotation on the relationships between two proteins. A graphical interaction network browser has also been integrated into the PAIR web interface to facilitate mining of specific pathways.
The incidence and associated risk factors for sudden unexplained death in psychiatric in-patients in England and Wales

Clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with sudden unexplained death (SUD) in the psychiatric population are unclear. Psychiatric in-patients (England, Wales) who met criteria for SUD were identified (1 March 1999–31 December 2005). Cases were matched with controls (in-patients alive on the day a SUD occurred). Data were collected via questionnaires. Some 283 cases of SUD were identified (41 annually), with a rate of 2.33/10,000 mental health admissions (in England). Electrocardiograms were not routine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation equipment was sometimes unavailable, attempts to resuscitate patients were carried out on one-half of all patients and post mortems/inquiries were not routine. Restraint and seclusion were uncommon. Risk factors included: benzodiazepines (odds ratio (OR): 1.83); ≥2 antipsychotics (OR: 2.35); promazine (OR: 4.02); diazepam (OR: 1.71); clozapine (OR: 2.10); cardiovascular disease (OR: 2.00); respiratory disease (OR: 1.98); diagnosis of dementia (OR: 2.08). Venlafaxine and a diagnosis of affective disorder were associated with reduced ORs (OR: 0.42; OR: 0.65). SUD is relatively rare, although it is more common in older patients and males. Prevention measures may include safer prescribing of antipsychotics and improved physical health care. The contribution of restraint or seclusion to SUD in individual cases is unclear. A uniform definition of SUD may help to identify contributing factors.
Twelve tips for curriculum renewal

Abstract Background: Curriculum development in the health sciences usually entails a lengthy, in-depth review of most or all aspects of the curriculum. The review usually leads to the generation of a detailed report that is submitted to the Dean or executive committee of the faculty. Much has been written about the process of curriculum development but very little has been written about the important processes of curriculum renewal and revision. Aims: Health sciences curricula, including those that are newly developed, will benefit from timely periodic revision. The revision process with subsequent diligent curriculum monitoring is called curriculum renewal. In this article, we articulate twelve tips on how to assure dynamic, ongoing curriculum renewal. The overall goal of the renewal should be to assure timely, evidence-based curriculum responsiveness to changes in practice, health care, student needs and educational approaches based on quality research. Methods: We searched the health care education literature for articles related to curriculum development, seeking credible evidence on, and recommendations for, best practices for ongoing renewal of developed curricula. Results and conclusions: The health sciences literature is replete with recommendations to guide suggestions for curriculum development; however, there are few credible research-based guidelines to inform dynamic curriculum renewal. Given the rapid development of research-based knowledge in health sciences education practices, there is a need to diligently monitor the ongoing successes and failures of a developed curriculum with a view to instituting large or small timely changes to assure timely curriculum renewal.
Voluntary aerobic exercise increases arterial resilience and mitochondrial health with aging in mice

Mitochondrial dysregulation and associated excessive reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production is a key source of oxidative stress in aging arteries that reduces baseline function and may influence resilience (ability to withstand stress). We hypothesized that voluntary aerobic exercise would increase arterial resilience in old mice. An acute mitochondrial stressor (rotenone) caused greater (further) impairment in peak carotid EDD in old (~27 mo., OC, n=12;−32.5±-10.5%) versus young (~7 mo., YC n=11;−5.4±- 3.7%) control male mice, whereas arteries from young and old exercising (YVR n=10 and OVR n=11, 10-wk voluntary running;−0.8±-2.1% and −8.0±4.9%, respectively) mice were protected. Ex-vivo simulated Western diet (WD, high glucose and palmitate) caused greater impairment in EDD in OC (-28.5±8.6%) versus YC (-16.9±5.2%) and YVR (-15.3±2.3%), whereas OVR (-8.9±3.9%) were more resilient (not different versus YC). Simultaneous ex-vivo treatment with mitochondria-specific antioxidant MitoQ attenuated WD-induced impairments in YC and OC, but not YVR or OVR, suggesting that exercise improved resilience to mtROS-mediated stress. Exercise normalized age-related alterations in aortic mitochondrial protein markers PGC-1α, SIRT-3 and Fis1 and augmented cellular antioxidant and stress response proteins. Our results indicate that arterial aging is accompanied by reduced resilience and mitochondrial health, which are restored by voluntary aerobic exercise.
New permutation codes using Hadamard unscrambling

A new class of codes for data compression is described that combines permutations with the fast Hadamard transform (FHT). It was invented for digital speech compression based on linear predictive coding (LPC), but may be useful for other data compression applications. One particular code with rate \frac{1}{2} is considered: a 16 -bit code for a block length of 32 samples. All coding and decoding steps are fast, so that real-time applications with cheap hardware can be anticipated.
A P2P-based virtual cluster computing using PIAX

Providing large scale, stable and robust computing environments is indispensable to various fields including scientific researches as well as business. Grid computing has gathered considerable attention as a means to efficiently and effectively utilize computational resources among multiple organizations. However, the current Grid technologies do not always provide the computational environment enough to satisfy users' requirements because of the heterogeneity and disconnect among computational resources on the Grid. For the reason, we have been attempting to develop a new middleware that leverages newly emerging Cloud technologies and allows for a virtual cluster composed of virtual computational resources by Xen as a virtualization technology on top of an overlay network realized by PIAX as an overlay networking technology. In this paper, we propose a system that allows Xen-based virtual computational resources composing a virtual cluster to communicate with each other toward the future development of Grid and Cloud middleware technology. The evaluation shown in the paper indicates that such a virtual cluster is feasible and could work effectively for computationally intensive applications.
A process and representation for modeling expert navigators

In the on-line system, information called journal indicative of the hysteresis of process are written in turn in magnetic tape. At each process, journal information is added with information indicative of journal and the date on which the journal information was written. At the time of system resuming process after system down, the information added to journal at each process is read in order that the magnetic tape being read is decided to have recorded thereon the journal to be used for the system resuming process.
A Dual-Beam Design Concept for the LOUPE Spectropolarimeter

In this thesis, a dual-beam design concept for the LOUPE (Lunar Observatory for Unresolved Polarimetry of Earth) spectropolarimeter is presented based on the work by Karalidi [2012] and Hoeijmakers [2013]. The mission statement of LOUPE is: LOUPE shall do spectropolarimetry of the Earth from the Moon in order to obtain reference data for exoplanet research. The requirements made by Karalidi [2012] and Hoeijmakers [2013] have been extended to a complete quantifyable requirements list from which the actual instrument can be designed. Trade-offs have been made for the choice of the technique to do spectropolarimetry and the polarizing beamsplitter that need to be implemented in LOUPE. The trade-off for the spectropolarimetric technique resulted in the choice of the spectral modulation technique in the form of the SPEX technique [Snik, 2009], because it allows for a compact design without moving components and is capable of doing instant polarization measurements. However, the SPEX technique does not allow for measuring circular polarization, meaning that LOUPE will only be capable of doing full linear spectropolarimetry. The trade-off for the polarizing beamsplitter resulted in the choice for the Savart plate as the beamsplitter, since a Savart plate allows for uniform splitting over the entire field of view. Using a ZEMAX model of LOUPE, it was shown that the aberrations caused by the Savart plate can be solved using a cylindrical lens. The dual-beam concept for LOUPE was determined in this thesis to be an f/4 system that has a field of view of 20 deg. The quarter-wave plate and multi-order-wave plate required for SPEX are located directly after the objective lens. The Savart plate is located in the image plane of a hexagonal microlens array (MLA). The MLA splits up the field of view in 44x35 pieces. Using clever stacking, the two modulated spectra for each MLA element are imaged on a 1024x1024 pixels detector. This results in 3x3 samples over the Earth, which allows for spatially resolving continents and oceans. A Matlab model for calculating the reflected solar flux levels on the Moon was made to analyse the obtainable polarization sensitivity per sample. This showed that with this concept a polarimetric sensitivity of 10^-4 can be achieved for terrestrial phase angles around 0 deg. A polarimetric sensitivity of 10^-3 can be achieved for terrestrial phase angles around 170 deg.
Research on material substitution algorithm during the complex equipment assembling process

Aiming at material kitting and substitution reduced by production changes during complex equipment production process and by analysis of material requirements harmony among product BOM, process planning BOM and production planning BOM, the model of material substitution has been established with materials kitting constraint. By using cost-minimizing as optimized purpose and according to material different attributes(design attributes, process attributes and planning attributes) as contain parameters of materials institution, an algorithm rule is designed to select part substitution to make materials selection, match and institution come true and ensure required materials arrived sufficiently and timely. Finally, the solution is proven to be reasonable and effective in an application example.
The implementation of standard Macedonian: problems and results

The Implementation of Standard Macedonian is examinedhere as an ongoing process that can be defined in terms offive types of linguistic issues: (1) recurring, (2) remissive, (3) resolved, (4) new, and (5) nonsalient. Orthographie, phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical phenomena are all adduced as examples of these types of issue in the context of four linguistic environments — (1) dialectal, (2) Balkan, (3) Slavic (4) (Western) Great Power — and within a three-stage chronological framework — 1945-1950, 1950-1954, and 1954 onward, with subdivisions in thefirst and thirdstages (pre/post-1948 andpre/post-1988-1989, respectively). We conclude that, given the relative constancy ofcertain aspects of both the internal and external Macedonian linguistic environment, it is likely that debates over Implementation will continue. What is striking about the Macedonian case is the rapidity with which the basic outlines of the Standard were achieved and implemented. Although many issues remain open to contestation and manipulation, the fact remains that the Macedonian Standard language has been successfully implemented as the primary means of communication in the Republic of Macedonia.
Kicking the Camel: Adolescent Smoking Behaviors After Two Years

ABSTRACT The Public Health Model views chemical dependency and acute substance problems as the interaction of three domains: the agent, the host, and the environment. This model was used to examine the relationships between smoking severity-never smokers, former smokers, and continued smokers-and host and environmental variables in a two-year follow-up study. Our results indicate that former smokers are more like never smokers on most of the risk and protective variables examined. Final analyses indicate that continued smokers are more likely to be Non-Black and Hispanic, be older, to have a more distant maternal relationship, to have used alcohol, to feel peer pressure to try cigarettes, and to have substance using mothers at time 1 compared to never and former smokers. The implications of these results for prevention, practice, and future research are discussed.
A Formal Model for Abstracting the Interaction of Web Services

This paper addresses the problems of modeling the interaction of Web services when they are composed together. Many subtle errors such as message not received and deadlock may occur due to uncontrolled concurrency of Web services. A model called IMWSC (Interaction Module for Web Service Composition, IMWSC for short) is proposed. The proposed model is used to abstract and analyze the interaction of web services. IMWSC is given a formal semantics by means of CCS (Calculus of Communicating System, CCS for short), which is a kind of process algebra that can be used to model concurrent systems. The application of this model is further investigated in a case study. Some important points related to verify the correctness of interaction of Web service are discussed.
Remineralization potential of bioactive glass and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on initial carious lesion: An in-vitro pH-cycling study

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of bioactive-Glass (BAG) (Novamin®/Calcium-sodium-phosphosilicate) and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing dentifrice. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 sound human premolars were decoronated, coated with nail varnish except for a 4 mm × 4 mm window on the buccal surface of crown and were randomly divided in two groups (n = 15). Group A — BAG dentifrice and Group B — CPP-ACP dentifrice. The baseline surface microhardness (SMH) was measured for all the specimens using the vickers microhardness testing machine. Artificial enamel carious lesions were created by inserting the specimens in de-mineralizing solution for 96 h. SMH of demineralized specimens was evaluated. 10 days of pH-cycling regimen was carried out. SMH of remineralized specimens was evaluated. Statistical Analysis: Data was analyzed using ANOVA and multiple comparisons within groups was done using Bonferroni method (post-hoc tests) to detect significant differences at P < 0.05 levels. Results: Group A showed significantly higher values (P < 0.05) when compared with the hardness values of Group B. Conclusions: Within the limits; the present study concluded that; both BAG and CPP-ACP are effective in remineralizing early enamel caries. Application of BAG more effectively remineralized the carious lesion when compared with CPP-ACP.
Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Diaphragm Citrate Synthase Activity and Hemodynamic Function in Rats with Heart Failure

Introduction Enhanced respiratory muscle strength in patients with heart failure positively alters the clinical trajectory of heart failure. In an experimental model, respiratory muscle training in rats with heart failure has been shown to improve cardiopulmonary function through mechanisms yet to be entirely elucidated. Objective The present report aimed to evaluate the respiratory muscle training effects in diaphragm citrate synthase activity and hemodynamic function in rats with heart failure. Methods Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups: sedentary sham (Sed-Sham, n=8), trained sham (RMT-Sham, n=8), sedentary heart failure (Sed-HF, n=7) and trained heart failure (RMT-HF, n=7). The animals were submitted to a RMT protocol performed 30 minutes a day, 5 days/week, for 6 weeks. Results In rats with heart failure, respiratory muscle training decreased pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy. Deleterious alterations in left ventricular pressures, as well as left ventricular contractility and relaxation, were assuaged by respiratory muscle training in heart failure rats. Citrate synthase activity, which was significantly reduced in heart failure rats, was preserved by respiratory muscle training. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between citrate synthase and left ventricular end diastolic pressure and positive correlation was found between citrate synthase and left ventricular systolic pressure. Conclusion Respiratory muscle training produces beneficial adaptations in the diaphragmatic musculature, which is linked to improvements in left ventricular hemodynamics and blood pressure in heart failure rats. The RMT-induced improvements in cardiac architecture and the oxidative capacity of the diaphragm may improve the clinical trajectory of patients with heart failure.
Experimental automation platform of stand-alone hybrid renewable energy systems: Fuzzy logic application and exergy analysis

This paper deals with an automation platform to perform R&D tasks on the field of management and control over stand-alone hybrid renewable energy systems. A laboratory scale wind-photovoltaic-hydrogen prototype acts as test-bed to evaluate different control techniques. A successful application of fuzzy logic is reported. Exergy analysis is carried out to determine the efficiency of the main components from experimental results.
An Efficient Approach for Multi-Sentence Compression

Multi Sentence Compression (MSC) is of great value to many real world applications, such as guided microblog summarization, opinion summarization and newswire summarization. Recently, word graph-based approaches have been proposed and become popular in MSC. Their key assumption is that redundancy among a set of related sentences provides a reliable way to generate informative and grammatical sentences. In this paper, we propose an eﬀective approach to enhance the word graph-based MSC and tackle the issue that most of the state-of-the-art MSC approaches are confronted with: i.e., improving both informativity and grammaticality at the same time. Our approach consists of three main components: (1) a merging method based on Multiword Expressions (MWE); (2) a mapping strategy based on synonymy between words; (3) a re-ranking step to identify the best compression candidates generated using a POS-based language model (POS-LM). We demonstrate the eﬀectiveness of this novel approach using a dataset made of clusters of English newswire sentences. The observed improvements on informativity and grammaticality of the generated compressions show an up to 44% error reduction over state-of-the-art MSC systems.
Cobrotoxin from Naja naja atra Venom Ameliorates Adriamycin Nephropathy in Rats

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) becomes a global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Adriamycin- (ADR-) induced rodent chronic nephropathy is a classic experimental model of human minimal lesion nephrotic syndrome. The present study investigated the effect of cobrotoxin (CTX) on ADR-induced nephropathy. Rats were given 6 mg/kg ADR once through the tail vein to replicate ADR nephropathy model. CTX was administered to rats daily by placing a fast dissolving CTX membrane strip under the tongue starting from 5 days prior to ADR administration until the end of experiment. The results showed that CTX ameliorated the symptoms of ADR nephropathy syndrome with reduced body weight loss, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, dyslipidemia, serum electrolyte imbalance, oxidative stress, renal function abnormities, and kidney pathological lesions. Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expression was elevated after CTX administration in ADR nephropathy model. CTX inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Meanwhile, CTX upregulated the protein level of podocyte-specific nephrin and downregulated the level of fibrosis-related TGF-β. These findings suggest that CTX may be a potential drug for chronic kidney diseases.
Dutch adolescents’ narratives about democracy: ‘I know what democracy means, but not what it means to me’

In the last decade, educational scholars have studied various aspects of adolescents’ citizenship narratives. This paper reports on a qualitative study into the narratives about democracy of 27 adolescents from an urban area in the Netherlands. The aim of the study was to gain an insight into the type of democratic engagement that Dutch adolescents develop. Fourteen vocational and 13 pre-university students were selected. Each student was interviewed twice. Narrative thematic data analysis revealed that only five students had developed a strong conception of democracy. Our findings suggest that few students had spent time developing and challenging their narratives about democracy, and that few students have developed a greater sense of democratic engagement. Our paper concludes with several suggestions for furthering the study and practice of democratic citizenship education.