Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teaching Research in Social Work: Capacity and Challenge

This article presents a preliminary report of an audit of the current state of research methods teaching in UK qualifying social work education. The audit is part of a wider ESRC funded study to provide baseline data for setting progress objectives towards building research capacity in the discipline and profession.The place and purpose of research teaching in social work education is strongly contested. Less contestable, however, is the lack of attention to research in qualifying social work curricula in all four UK countries, despite their differing prescribed curricula but common adherence to the QAA Benchmark Statement and the National Occupational Standards. The marginalisation of research teaching is underlined by the paucity of UK literature on the topic, compared with American and other writing. Reasons for this range from lack of time, staff skill and resource, to more fundamental reservations and resistance on the part of educators, students and practitioners towards engaging with research. At the heart of such ambivalence lies fundamental debate about the nature of the social work discipline, and the relationship between research and practice. Before we may tackle the task of building research capacity, we must better understand existing education practices and the challenges for research teaching faced. This paper offers preliminary observations from the audit, based on a survey of undergraduate and masters qualifying social work programmes across all four countries, with in-depth enquiry into a smaller sample from each. The survey examines what research methods are taught, how, where, when and by whom. Most importantly, it considers why these choices are made, and the challenges and possibilities presented for building research capacity and research mindedness at qualifying level.
Affordance-based User Personas : A mixed-method Approach to Persona Development

During the last decade, the persona technique has been used in interface design practices to put user needs and preferences at the center of all development decisions. Persona development teams draw on qualitative data, quantitative data, or a combination of both to develop personas that are representative of the target users. Despite the benefits of both methods, qualitative methods are mostly limited by cognitive capabilities of the experts, whereas quantitative methods lack richness. To gain the advantages of both methods, this paper suggests a mixed-method approach to create user personas based on the pattern of affordances they actualize, rather than merely the actions they take. It enriches personas by referring to the purposes fulfilled through affordance actualizations, and grounds personas in readily available objective log data. This study illustrates the practical value of the proposed methodology by empirically creating student personas using the Moodle learning management system.
Exploring Biomolecular Literature with EVEX: Connecting Genes through Events, Homology, and Indirect Associations

Technological advancements in the field of genetics have led not only to an abundance of experimental data, but also caused an exponential increase of the number of published biomolecular studies. Text mining is widely accepted as a promising technique to help researchers in the life sciences deal with the amount of available literature. This paper presents a freely available web application built on top of 21.3 million detailed biomolecular events extracted from all PubMed abstracts. These text mining results were generated by a state-of-the-art event extraction system and enriched with gene family associations and abstract generalizations, accounting for lexical variants and synonymy. The EVEX resource locates relevant literature on phosphorylation, regulation targets, binding partners, and several other biomolecular events and assigns confidence values to these events. The search function accepts official gene/protein symbols as well as common names from all species. Finally, the web application is a powerful tool for generating homology-based hypotheses as well as novel, indirect associations between genes and proteins such as coregulators.
11 PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL MODELLING USING MOVING LEAST SQUARES TECHNIQUE

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, with low polluting emissions, is a great alternative to replace the traditional electrical power sources for automotive applications or for small stationary consumers. This paper presents a numerical method, for the fuel cell modelling, based on moving least squares (MLS). Experimental data have been used for developing an approximated model of the PEMFC function of the current density, air inlet pressure and operating temperature of the fuel cell. The method can be applied for modelling others fuel cell sub-systems, such as the compressor. The method can be used for off-line or on-line identification of the PEMFC stack.
Dynamic process control for in-situ bioremediation system

This study describes the development of a dynamic predictive control system for the in-situ bioremediation process that not only optimizes the complex physical, chemical, and biological processes involved in the remediation process but also minimizes overall cost of the entire remediation process. The control system includes the optimization tool which consists of two parts, the simulation tool and the decision-making tool. Bioplume III has been used as the simulation tool. The decision-making tool includes a multi-criteria nonlinear optimization function, and genetic algorithm has been used to solve this nonlinear function. The result of a lab experiment indicates that this control system can generate the proper control strategy and adjusts control rules dynamically.
A wide axial-ratio beamwidth circularly polarized microstrip antenna

A circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna with wide axial-ratio beamwidth is presented for global navigation satellite systems. Four unequal 90° sectors are truncated symmetrically at four corners of a square patch and four slits along the orthogonal axes are cut on the patch for CP radiation and compact antenna size. The 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 16.0 MHz (1.566-1.582 GHz) with a 3-dB AR beamwidth around 170° within the bandwidth and the 10-dB return loss bandwidth is 64.0 MHz (1.543-1.607 GHz). The overall size of the antenna is 0.368 λ<sub>0</sub> × 0.368 λ<sub>0</sub> × 0.011 λ<sub>0</sub>.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Mechanisms Control the Termination of Cortical Interneuron Migration

During development, neurons migrate from their site of origin to their final destinations. Upon reaching this destination, the termination of their migration is crucial for building functional architectures such as laminated structures and nuclei. How this termination is regulated, however, is not clear. Here, we investigated the contribution of cell-intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic factors. Using GAD67-GFP knock-in mice and in utero electroporation cell labeling, we visualized GABAergic neurons and analyzed their motility in vitro. We find that the motility of GABAergic neurons in cortical slices gradually decreases as development proceeds and is almost abolished by the end of the first postnatal week. Consistent with this, a reduction of embryonic interneuron motility occurred in dissociated cultures. This is in part due to cell-intrinsic mechanisms, as a reduction in motility is observed during long-term culturing on glial feeder cells. Cell-intrinsic regulation is further supported by observations that interneurons labeled in early stages migrated more actively than those labeled in late stages in the same cortical explant. We found evidence suggesting that upregulation of the potassium-chloride cotransporter KCC2 underlies this intrinsic regulation. Reduced motility is also observed when embryonic interneurons are plated on postnatal cortical feeder cells, suggesting extrinsic factors derived from the postnatal cortex too contribute to termination. These factors should include secreted molecules, as cultured postnatal cortical cells could exercise this effect without directly contacting the interneuron. These findings suggest that intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic factors coordinate to reduce the motility of migrating neurons, thereby leading to the termination of migration.
Early Detection of Left Atrial Energy Loss and Mechanics Abnormalities in Diabetic Patients with Normal Left Atrial Size: A Study Combining Vector Flow Mapping and Tissue Tracking Echocardiography

Background Whether left atrial (LA) functional abnormalities already exist when the LA is of normal size is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore LA energy loss and mechanics changes using vector flow mapping (VFM) and two-dimensional tissue tracking (2DTT) echocardiography in patients with diabetes and normal LA size. Material/Methods This study included 47 normotensive patients with diabetes and 45 controls. The following indexes were measured: LA energy loss during systole (LAELs), early diastole (LAELed), and atrial contraction (LAELac); atrial longitudinal strain during systole (SLAs), early diastole (SLAed) and late diastole (SLAac); and peak LA strain rate during systole (SRLAs), early diastole (SRLAed), and atrial contraction (SRLAac). Results The LAELs and LAELed decreased in diabetic patients compared with controls (P=0.002, P<0.01, respectively), whereas the LAELac increased in diabetic patients (P<0.001). The SLAs, SLAed, SRLAs, and SRLAed (all P<0.01) were all lower in diabetic patients than in controls. However, there was no difference in the SLAac and SRLAac between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the LAELs, LAELac, and SRLAs were independently associated with HbA1c in the whole study population. Conclusions LA energy loss and deformation mechanics are already impaired in diabetic patients with normal LA size and the long-term parameter of glycemic control was correlated with them. VFM combined with 2DTT might be a promising tool for the early detection of LA dysfunction caused by impaired glucose metabolism.
Processing Preference Toward Object-Extracted Relative Clauses in Mandarin Chinese by L1 and L2 Speakers: An Eye-Tracking Study

The current study employed an eye-movement technique with an attempt to explore the reading patterns for the two types of Chinese relative clauses, subject-extracted relative clauses (SRCs) and object-extracted relative clauses (ORCs), by native speakers (L1), and Japanese learners (L2) of Chinese. The data were analyzed in terms of gaze duration, regression path duration, and regression rate on the two critical regions, head noun, and embedded verb. The results indicated that both the L1 and L2 participants spent less time on the head nouns in ORCs than in SRCs. Also, the L2 participants spent less time on the embedded verbs in ORCs than in SRCs and their regression rate for embedded verbs was generally lower in ORCs than in SRC. The findings showed that the participants experienced less processing difficulty in ORCs than SRCs. These results suggest an ORC preference in L1 and L2 speakers of Chinese, which provides evidence in support of linear distance hypothesis and implies that the syntactic nature of Chinese is at play in the RC processing.
The Power of Belief and Expectancy in Understanding and Management of Depression

This article examines how beliefs can influence the definition, classification, understanding, and treatment of depression. It is organized in five parts: The first part critically reviews the definition of depression; the second part explores the medicalization of depression; the third part examines the role of the pharmaceutical industry in the promotion and marketing of antidepressant medications; the fourth part surveys the psychological therapies for depression and examines the role of expectancy in outcome; and the last part looks at the mechanisms involved in the placebo effect. A list of evidence-based strategies, including hypnosis, are discussed in the context of cognitive hypnotherapy for depression to illustrate how expectancy effect can be maximized in psychotherapy.
Estimation of Direct Causal Effects

Many common problems in epidemiologic and clinical research involve estimating the effect of an exposure on an outcome while blocking the exposure's effect on an intermediate variable. Effects of this kind are termed direct effects. Estimation of direct effects is typically the goal of research aimed at understanding mechanistic pathways by which an exposure acts to cause or prevent disease, as well as in many other settings. Although multivariable regression is commonly used to estimate direct effects, this approach requires assumptions beyond those required for the estimation of total causal effects. In addition, when the exposure and intermediate variables interact to cause disease, multivariable regression estimates a particular type of direct effect—the effect of an exposure on an outcome when the intermediate is fixed at a specified level. Using the counterfactual framework, we distinguish this definition of a direct effect (controlled direct effect) from an alternative definition, in which the effect of the exposure on the intermediate is blocked, but the intermediate is otherwise allowed to vary as it would in the absence of exposure (natural direct effect). We illustrate the difference between controlled and natural direct effects using several examples. We present an estimation approach for natural direct effects that can be implemented using standard statistical software, and we review the assumptions underlying our approach (which are less restrictive than those proposed by previous authors).
Chapter 5 Approximating Multivariable Functions by Feedforward Neural Nets

Theoretical results on approximation of multivariable functions by feedforward neural networks are surveyed. Some proofs of universal approximation capabilities of networks with perceptrons and radial units are sketched. Major tools for estimation of rates of decrease of approximation errors with increasing model complexity are proven. Properties of best approximation are discussed. Recent results on dependence of model complexity on input dimension are presented and some cases when multivariable functions can be tractably approximated are described.
String Actuated Curved Folded Surfaces

Curved folded surfaces, given their ability to produce elegant freeform shapes by folding flat sheets etched with curved creases, hold a special place in computational Origami. Artists and designers have proposed a wide variety of different fold patterns to create a range of interesting surfaces. The creative process, design, as well as fabrication is usually only concerned with the static surface that emerges once folding has completed. Folding such patterns, however, is difficult as multiple creases have to be folded simultaneously to obtain a properly folded target shape. We introduce string actuated curved folded surfaces that can be shaped by pulling a network of strings, thus, vastly simplifying the process of creating such surfaces and making the folding motion an integral part of the design. Technically, we solve the problem of which surface points to string together and how to actuate them by locally expressing a desired folding path in the space of isometric shape deformations in terms of novel string actuation modes. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by computing string actuation networks for a range of well-known crease patterns and testing their effectiveness on physical prototypes. All the examples in this article can be downloaded for personal use from http://geometry.cs. ucl.ac. uk/projects/2017/string-actuated/.
Echocardiographic Speckle-Tracking Based Strain Imaging for Rapid Cardiovascular Phenotyping in Mice

Rationale: High-sensitivity in vivo phenotyping of cardiac function is essential for evaluating genes of interest and novel therapies in small animal models of cardiovascular disease. Transthoracic echocardiography is the principal method currently used for assessing cardiac structure and function; however, standard echocardiographic techniques are relatively insensitive to early or subtle changes in cardiac performance, particularly in mice. Objective: To develop and validate an echocardiographic strain imaging methodology for sensitive and rapid cardiac phenotyping in small animal models. Methods and Results: Herein, we describe a modified echocardiographic technique that uses speckle-tracking based strain analysis for the noninvasive evaluation of cardiac performance in adult mice. This method is found to be rapid, reproducible, and highly sensitive in assessing both regional and global left ventricular (LV) function. Compared with conventional echocardiographic measures of LV structure and function, peak longitudinal strain and strain rate were able to detect changes in adult mouse hearts at an earlier time point following myocardial infarction and predicted the later development of adverse LV remodeling. Moreover, speckle-tracking based strain analysis was able to clearly identify subtle improvement in LV function that occurred early in response to standard post–myocardial infarction cardiac therapy. Conclusions: Our results highlight the utility of speckle-tracking based strain imaging for detecting discrete functional alterations in mouse models of cardiovascular disease in an efficient and comprehensive manner. Echocardiography speckle-tracking based strain analysis represents a method for relatively high-throughput and sensitive cardiac phenotyping, particularly in evaluating emerging cardiac agents and therapies in mice.
Prognostic Health Managemen Process Regression

—Distributed prognostics architecture design is an enabling step for efficient implementation of health management systems. A major challenge encountered in such design is formulation of optimal distributed prognostics algorithms. In this paper. we present a distributed GPR based prognostics algorithun whose target platform is a wireless sensor network. In addition to challenges encountered in a distributed implementation, a wireless network poses constraints on connnunication patterns, thereby making the problem more challenging. The prognostics application that was used to demonstrate our new algorithms is battery prognostics. In order to present trade-offs within different prognostic approaches, we present comparison with the distributed implementation of a particle filter based prognostics for the same battery data.
Restricting Bidirectional Translation Correspondences to the Appropriate Context

This paper addresses the resolution of translational ambiguities in a lexicalist transfer approach, which is realized in the translation system Verbmobll. It is particularly concerned with the use of various kinds of constraints that restrict the translation mapping of ambiguous lexical items to the appropriate context. They range from structural, semantic and prosodic information to discourse and speech act information.
Comparison of saturated parameters of three-layer interior permanent magnet synchronous machine obtained from lumped parameter model and finite element method

In this paper, the Lumped-Parameters Model is used for calculation of Q and D-axis inductances of three-layer Interior Permanent Magnet machine. The model includes considering all details of flux barrier and air bridges of rotor and also the effect of saturation in central posts and stator core. Q and D-axis inductances are used for calculation of the average torque. To validate the model, results are compared with the Finite Element Analysis results for a candidate IPMS machine.
Polarity Identification of Sentiment Words Based on Emoticons

The orientation of sentiment words plays an important role in the sentiment analysis, but existing methods have difficulty in classifying the orientation of Chinese words, especially for the newly emerged words in Internet. Most approaches are mining the association between sentiment words and seed words using the big corpora and manually labeled seed words with definite orientation. But less work has ever focused on the efficient seed words selection. As we observed, emoticons, which are widely used on social network because of the simplicity and visualization, are good indicators for sentiment orientation. Thus this paper proposes the sentiment word model based on emoticons, which built orientation model of sentiment words with the orientation of emoticons, and train the model with the SVM classifier. Meanwhile, this work proposes a high efficient way to automatically classify the orientation of emoticons. Experiments show the precision rate of emoticon classification could reach 93.6%, and that of sentiment words classification could be 81.5%.
A Cross-Cultural Study of Recognition Thresholds for Facial Expressions of Emotion

Forty American (20 males, 20 females) and 31 Malaysian (20 males, II females) college students responded to 60 tachistoscopic presentations of photographs of facial expressions by judging the gender and the emotional expression of each face. The duration of exposure times ranged from 3 msec. to 800 msec. Stable recognition thresholds for most emotional expressions were established by 12 or 25 msec. , with fear requiring 300 msec. to be recognized by each group of subjects. Happiness and sadness were the most accurately identified emotions, and anger and fear were the most difficult for subjects to recognize. Females were better than males at identifying surprise and fear, especially at the longer exposure times, and the ability to identify anger was strongly affected by both the sex and cultural background of the subject. Although there were several instances in which Malaysian and American subjects differed, overall accuracy of recognition and perceptual thresholds were not strongly related to differences in ethnic background.
Efficient privacy preserving Viola-Jones type object detection via random base image representation

A cloud server spent a lot of time, energy and money to train a Viola-Jones type object detector [1] with high accuracy. Clients can upload their photos to the cloud server to find objects. However, the client does not want the leakage of the content of his/her photos. In the meanwhile, the cloud server is also reluctant to leak any parameters of the trained object detectors. 10 years ago, Avidan & Butman introduced Blind Vision, which is a method for securely evaluating a ViolaJones type object detector. Blind Vision uses standard cryptographic tools and is painfully slow to compute, taking a couple of hours to scan a single image. The purpose of this work is to explore an efficient method that can speed up the process. We propose the Random Base Image (RBI) Representation. The original image is divided into random base images. Only the base images are submitted randomly to the cloud server. Thus, the content of the image can not be leaked. In the meanwhile, a random vector and the secure Millionaire protocol are leveraged to protect the parameters of the trained object detector. The RBI makes the integral-image enable again for the great acceleration. The experimental results reveal that our method can retain the detection accuracy of that of the plain vision algorithm and is significantly faster than the traditional blind vision, with only a very low probability of the information leakage theoretically.