Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Esthetic evaluation of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone

Purpose The aim of this study is to assess the influence exerted by the observer's dental specialization and compare patients' opinion with observers' opinion of the esthetics of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone. Methods Forty-one adult patients, who were treated with a single implant in the esthetic zone, were enrolled in this study. Eight observers (2 periodontists, 2 prosthodontists, 2 orthodontists and 2 senior dental students) applied the pink esthetic score (PES)/white esthetic score (WES) to 41 implant-supported single restorations twice with an interval of 4 weeks. We used a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess the patient's satisfaction with the treatment outcome from an esthetic point of view. Results In the PES/WES, very good and moderate intraobserver agreements were noted between the first and second rating. The mean total PES/WES was 11.19 ± 3.59. The mean PES was 5.17 ± 2.29 and mean WES was 6.02 ± 1.96. In the total PES/WES, the difference between the groups was not significant. However, in the WES, the difference between the groups was significant and prosthodontists were found to have assigned poorer ratings than the other groups. Periodontists gave higher ratings than prosthodontists and senior dental students. Orthodontists were clearly more critical than the other observers. The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth. However, the correlation between the total PES/WES and the VAS score for the first premolar was not statistically significant. Conclusions The PES/WES is an objective tool in rating the esthetics of implant supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues. Orthodontists were the most critical observers, while periodontists were more generous than other observers. The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth.
Social interaction around diet applications: An initial study

As being threatened by overweight and obesity, more and more people start thinking how to change the way they eat. However, less evidence shows current diet-related applications really work and current design mainly focuses on nutrition value and are not tailored to specific person. In this paper, we try to learn from social science to investigate two popular diet products' forums to see what social interaction happens and what elements related to those social interaction. Then we find out contextual information and emotion are related to social conversation on forum which help people find similar buddies to solve problem and validate opinions and understandings. We argue we should take into account those information and social interaction in our future design to better support diet.
Parallel operation of three-phase inverters with virtual oscillator and multi-resonant control

A control strategy combining a virtual oscillator control and multi-resonant control which is used in a parallel three-phase inverter system is proposed in the paper. The strategy retains the advantages of the virtual oscillator control and increases the quality of output voltage by introducing a P + multi-resonant based voltage regulator. The ability of eliminating the circulating current is also increased by a virtual impedance loop. The control structure is given and the selection of control parameters is explained in this paper. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed strategy is validated by simulation.
Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus of a APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Is Impaired in Old but Not Young Mice

Background Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no cure. We have investigated synaptic plasticity in area CA1 in a novel AD mouse model (APPPS1-21) which expresses the Swedish mutation of APP and the L166P mutation of human PS-1. This model shows initial plaque formation at 2 months in the neocortex and 4 months in the hippocampus and displays β−amyloid-associated pathologies and learning impairments. Methodology/Principal Findings We tested long-term potentiation (LTP) and short term potentiation (paired-pulse facilitation, PPF) of synaptic transmission in vivo in area CA1 of the hippocampus. There was no difference in LTP or PPF at 4–5 months of age in APPPS1-21 mice compared to littermate controls. At 6 months of age there was also no difference in LTP but APPPS1-21 mice showed slightly increased PPF (p<0.03). In 8 months old mice, LTP was greatly impaired in APPPS-21 animals (p<0.0001) while PPF was not changed. At 15 months of age, APPPS1-21 mice showed again impaired LTP compared to littermate controls (p<0.005), and PPF was also significantly reduced at 80 ms (p<0.005) and 160 ms (p<0.01) interstimulus interval. Immunohistological analysis showed only modest amyloid deposition in the hippocampus at 4 and 6 months with a robust increase up to 15 months of age. Conclusions Our results suggest that increased formation and aggregation of beta amyloid with aging is responsible for the impaired LTP with aging in this mouse model, while the transient increase of PPF at 6 months of age is caused by some other mechanism.
Supervised learning for the legacy document conversion

We consider the problem of document conversion from the rendering-oriented HTML markup into a semantic-oriented XML annotation defined by user-specific DTDs or XML Schema descriptions. We represent both source and target documents as rooted ordered trees so the conversion can be achieved by applying a set of tree transformations. We apply the supervised learning framework to the conversion task according to which the tree transformations are learned from a set of training examples. %Because of the complexity of tree-to-tree transformations, We develop a two-step approach to the conversion problem, that first labels leaves in the source trees and then recomposes target trees from the leaf labels. We present two solutions based of the leaf classification with the target terminals and paths. Moreover, we develop three methods for the leaf classification. All methods and solutions have been tested on two real collections.
Design of low-power high-speed double-tail dynamic CMOS comparator using novel latch structure

Regenerative comparators due to its power efficiency and high-speed finds usage in many high-speed and low-power analog-to-digital converters. In this paper, a novel comparator based on double-tail architecture is proposed to enhance latch regeneration speed. Upon analyzing the delay expressions of some existing double-tail structures, the structure of latch stage is modified by adding cross-coupled transistors to improve latch regeneration thus enhancing comparison speed. Mathematical expression for total delay is also calculated for the proposed comparator. The proposed comparator is designed in CADENCE and simulated in SPECTRE at 90-nm CMOS technology. The simulation results indicate that for the proposed comparator energy per conversion and total delay are reduced by more than 40% and 20% respectively as compared to conventional double-tail dynamic comparator.
Calculating clinically significant change: Applications of the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale to evaluate client outcomes in private practice

Abstract The Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) scale is a therapist-rated measure of client outcome that has been widely used within the research literature. The current study aimed to develop reliable and clinically significant change indices for the CGI, and to demonstrate its application in private psychological practice. Following the guidelines developed by Clement, a file review was conducted of the authors' first six years working in private practice. A reliable change on the CGI required the participants score to change by 2-points. Depending on the method used to calculate the clinical change indices, between 23% and 50% of the total participants demonstrated reliable and clinical significant improvement. The CGI proved to be a useful tool to retrospectively evaluate clinical outcomes in private practice.
Deficiencies of the Lipid-Signaling Enzymes Phospholipase D1 and D2 Alter Cytoskeletal Organization, Macrophage Phagocytosis, and Cytokine-Stimulated Neutrophil Recruitment

Cell migration and phagocytosis ensue from extracellular-initiated signaling cascades that orchestrate dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. The reorganization is mediated by effector proteins recruited to the site of activity by locally-generated lipid second messengers. Phosphatidic acid (PA), a membrane phospholipid generated by multiple enzyme families including Phospholipase D (PLD), has been proposed to function in this role. Here, we show that macrophages prepared from mice lacking either of the classical PLD isoforms PLD1 or PLD2, or wild-type macrophages whose PLD activity has been pharmacologically inhibited, display isoform-specific actin cytoskeleton abnormalities that likely underlie decreases observed in phagocytic capacity. Unexpectedly, PA continued to be detected on the phagosome in the absence of either isoform and even when all PLD activity was eliminated. However, a disorganized phagocytic cup was observed as visualized by imaging PA, F-actin, Rac1, an organizer of the F-actin network, and DOCK2, a Rac1 activator, suggesting that PLD-mediated PA production during phagocytosis is specifically critical for the integrity of the process. The abnormal F-actin reorganization additionally impacted neutrophil migration and extravasation from the vasculature into interstitial tissues. Although both PLD1 and PLD2 were important in these processes, we also observed isoform-specific functions. PLD1-driven processes in particular were observed to be critical in transmigration of macrophages exiting the vasculature during immune responses such as those seen in acute pancreatitis or irritant-induced skin vascularization.
Multi-time-scale Optimal Dispatching Strategy Pumped Hydropower Storage and Battery Storage Participating in Electricity Market

Pumped hydropower storage and battery storage have different advantages in power regulation and energy storage. By installing battery storage in pumped storage power plants, the operational benefits of pumped hydropower storage combined with battery storage can be improved in the electricity market. Based on the New England electricity market in the U.S., this paper proposes a rolling optimization scheduling strategy for a pumped storage hydropower plant combined with battery storage in the day-ahead and intraday electricity market. The goal is to maximize the total profits of the power plant. The operating status of pumped storage units and the reference point of energy storage is determined based on the day-ahead forecast price, and the scheduling strategy is revised according to the updated data of price in the intraday market to ensure that the plant can satisfy the demand for AGC frequency regulation. The established model is a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem, and the optimal scheduling scheme is obtained by solving the model. Taking Shisanling pumped storage plant as an example, the simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Test Review: Test of Written Language—Fourth Edition

The Test of Written Language—Fourth Edition (TOWL-4), published by PRO-ED, is a newly updated individual or group-based measure of written language for students aged 9 years, 0 months through 17 years, 11 months. The stated purposes of the measure are to identify students in need of support or intervention in the area of written language, identify strengths and weaknesses in students’ writing abilities, document progress resulting from written language interventions, and provide measurement in written language research. The TOWL-4 is classified as a Level B measure, and may be administered by psychologists and nonpsychologists who have undergone formal training in standardized psychoeducational assessment. The stated administration and scoring time is approximately 60 to 90 min. The TOWL-4 consists of seven subtests that combine to form two composites (Contrived Writing and Spontaneous Writing) and an Overall Writing score. Contrived Writing tasks focus on discrete aspects of written discourse (e.g., spelling, punctuation, word usage) whereas Spontaneous Writing tasks examine an individual’s functional writing ability (i.e., quality). Scaled scores and percentiles are provided for subtests and composites, and scoring parameters for each subtest are provided in the Examiner’s Manual. The TOWL-4 kit consists of an Examiner’s Manual, a Supplemental Practice Scoring Booklet, two Record/Story Scoring Forms (Form A and Form B), two Student Response Booklets (Form A and Form B), and three colored Picture Cards (a sample card and one card for Form A and Form B, respectively). The Examiner’s Manual is effectively laid out, beginning with a discussion of the history of the previous editions of the measure and a brief overview of written language assessment. Following this, the Examiner’s Manual provides sections on administration instructions, recording and interpretation, a description of the normative sample, and presentation of the psychometric properties of the measure, including a small section on controlling for test bias.
Engineered Toxins “Zymoxins” Are Activated by the HCV NS3 Protease by Removal of an Inhibitory Protein Domain

The synthesis of inactive enzyme precursors, also known as “zymogens,” serves as a mechanism for regulating the execution of selected catalytic activities in a desirable time and/or site. Zymogens are usually activated by proteolytic cleavage. Many viruses encode proteases that execute key proteolytic steps of the viral life cycle. Here, we describe a proof of concept for a therapeutic approach to fighting viral infections through eradication of virally infected cells exclusively, thus limiting virus production and spread. Using the hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a model, we designed two HCV NS3 protease-activated “zymogenized” chimeric toxins (which we denote “zymoxins”). In these recombinant constructs, the bacterial and plant toxins diphtheria toxin A (DTA) and Ricin A chain (RTA), respectively, were fused to rationally designed inhibitor peptides/domains via an HCV NS3 protease-cleavable linker. The above toxins were then fused to the binding and translocation domains of Pseudomonas exotoxin A in order to enable translocation into the mammalian cells cytoplasm. We show that these toxins exhibit NS3 cleavage dependent increase in enzymatic activity upon NS3 protease cleavage in vitro. Moreover, a higher level of cytotoxicity was observed when zymoxins were applied to NS3 expressing cells or to HCV infected cells, demonstrating a potential therapeutic window. The increase in toxin activity correlated with NS3 protease activity in the treated cells, thus the therapeutic window was larger in cells expressing recombinant NS3 than in HCV infected cells. This suggests that the “zymoxin” approach may be most appropriate for application to life-threatening acute infections where much higher levels of the activating protease would be expected.
Practice and Sensemaking: Re-Thinking Senior Selection with Bourdieu and Weick.

Human action takes place under multiple pressures: limited time, patchy understanding and pre-existing commitments to important stakes. Understanding better how intelligent individual action and social order arise in these conditions was a lifelong focus for both Pierre Bourdieu and Karl Weick, articulators, respectively, of the concepts of practice and sensemaking. Working with both concepts, the paper re-thinks what happens when executives are selected to fill senior positions in industries and environments far from the ones in which they learned their skills. An alternative conceptualisation to transferable skills is outlined. In so doing, differences and potential complementarity between practice and sensemaking are explored.
Semi-supervised Pattern Learning for Extracting Relations from Bioscience Texts

A variety of pattern-based methods have been exploited to extract biological relations from literatures. Many of them require significant domain-specific knowledge to build the patterns by hand, or a large amount of labeled data to learn the patterns automatically. In this paper, a semisupervised model is presented to combine both unlabeled and labeled data for the pattern learning procedure. First, a large amount of unlabeled data is used to generate a raw pattern set. Then it is refined in the evaluating phase by incorporating the domain knowledge provided by a relatively small labeled data. Comparative results show that labeled data, when used in conjunction with the inexpensive unlabeled data, can considerably improve the learning accuracy.
Time sharing in hypercube multiprocessors

In hypercube multiprocessors, multiple users are normally supported by dividing the cube into subcubes of different dimensions. A user request for a subcube may be denied depending on how other subcubes were previously allocated or because the allocation algorithm fails to recognize an existing free subcube that would satisfy the request. In both cases, the main consequence is a reduction in system utilization. To support multiple users while avoiding such problems, the authors propose to multiplex all the processors in the cube among the users. In this way, one can get full system utilization and offer all the resources of the system to the users. The authors have conducted experiments with this new approach on an Intel iPSC/860 system, comparing its performance with the one obtained in the conventional cube-partitioning approach. The results show that, for computationally intensive applications, the average execution time per user when multiplexing the processors is generally comparable to the same average when allocating subcubes to the users, and often significantly lower. <<ETX>>
PR ] 5 N ov 2 00 6 Discrete Approximations to Reflected Brownian Motion ∗

In this paper we investigate three discrete or semi-discrete approximation schemes for reflected Brownian motion on bounded Euclidean domains. For a class of bounded domains D in R n that includes all bounded Lipschitz domains and the von Koch snowflake domain, we show that the laws of both discrete and continuous time simple random walks on D ∩ 2 −k Z n with stationary initial distribution converge weakly in the space of D([0, ∞), D), equipped with the Skorokhod topology, to the law of the stationary reflected Brownian motion on D. We further show that the following " myopic conditioning " algorithm generates, in the limit, a reflected Brownian motion on any bounded domain D. For every integer k ≥ 1, let {X k j2 −k , j = 0, 1, 2,. } be a discrete time Markov chain with one-step transition probabilities being the same as those for the Brownian motion in D conditioned not to exit D before time 2 −k. We prove that the laws of X k converge to that of the reflected Brownian motion on D.
A special friend: Adolescent mentors for young, economically disadvantage, potentially gifted students 1

In this article, we describe the mentorship component of Project Synergy, a federally funded project of the Department of Special Education and the Leta Hollingworth Center for the Study and Education of the Gifted at Teachers College, Columbia University. Project Synergy is a research project, the major goals of which are to devise and test ways of identifying potentially gifted, economically disadvantaged young urban children and to provide services to identified children, their parents, and their teachers in order to develop the children's potential for giftedness. The mentorship component of Project Synergy, part of the talent development aspect of the project, is unique in that the mentors are drawn from a school for gifted urban minority middle school students. Three phases of the mentorship program— training, mentoring, and evaluation—are described, conclusions are drawn, and plans for the future are discussed.
DNA Repair Pathway Alterations in Bladder Cancer

Most bladder tumors have complex genomes characterized by a high mutation burden as well as frequent copy number alterations and chromosomal rearrangements. Alterations in DNA repair pathways—including the double-strand break (DSB) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways—are present in bladder tumors and may contribute to genomic instability and drive the tumor phenotype. DNA damaging such as cisplatin, mitomycin C, and radiation are commonly used in the treatment of muscle-invasive or metastatic bladder cancer, and several recent studies have linked specific DNA repair pathway defects with sensitivity to DNA damaging-based therapy. In addition, tumor DNA repair defects have important implications for use of immunotherapy and other targeted agents in bladder cancer. Therefore, efforts to further understand the landscape of DNA repair alterations in bladder cancer will be critical in advancing treatment for bladder cancer. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of DNA repair pathway alterations in bladder tumor biology and response to therapy.
Increasing the sensitivity of the Story Retell Procedure for the discrimination of normal elderly subjects from persons with aphasia

Background: Clinicians have long recognised the need for assessing language production at multiple levels of complexity and at impairment, participation, and activity levels. Methods for the elicitation of connected spoken language have taken many forms, typically selected with a balance between validly sampling linguistic performance, and reliability and economy of the sampling and scoring procedures. A Story Retell Procedure (SRP) has been proposed as a preferred method for achieving valid, reliable, and economic assessment of connected language (Doyle et al., 2000), and an information unit (IU) metric has been developed for validly and economically capturing important linguistic aspects of the retelling (McNeil, Doyle, Fossett, Park, & Goda, 2001). Aims: In keeping with the goal of making assessment procedures as efficient and economic as possible, a study was undertaken to investigate the refinement of the IU metric for increasing the sensitivity of the SRP as an instrument for the detection of connected paragraph-level language production deficits in persons with aphasia. This metric involved the calculation of the percentage of IUs (%IU) produced relative to the time taken to produce them (%IU/Min). Methods & Procedures: A total of 15 persons with aphasia, and 31 normal control individuals without a communication disorder served as participants for this study. Subjects heard, and immediately retold each of 12 stories originally taken from the Discourse Comprehension Test (Brookshire & Nicholas, 1997). The retellings were scored using the procedures outlined by McNeil et al. (2001) with the addition of the %IU calculated over the time of the retelling. Comparisons between subject groups and groups stratified by age, among SRP forms, between scoring methods (%IU vs %IU/Min.), and group misclassification by scoring method were made. Outcome & Results: Application of the %IU/Min with the SRP yielded equivalence among alternate forms as evidenced by non-significant differences and high correlation coefficients among the SRP forms for persons with aphasia. The %IU/Min also decreased the percentage of misclassified aphasic and normal individuals compared to the %IU measure. Older normal subjects were misclassified as aphasic with greater frequency compared to the younger normal subjects. Conclusions: The %IU/Min is a more sensitive metric than the %IU in differentiating individuals with aphasia from older normal controls.