Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abiotic Stress and Induced DNA Hypomethylation Cause Interphase Chromatin Structural Changes in Rice rDNA Loci

Global climate change, i.e. higher and more variable temperatures, and a gain in soil salinity are increasing plant stress with direct consequences on crop yield and quality levels. Rice productivity is strongly affected by abiotic stress conditions. The regulation of chromatin structure in response to environmental stress is poorly understood. We investigated the interphase chromatin organization from rice plants in non-stress versus stress conditions. We have used a cytogenetic approach, based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 45S, 5S rDNA and centromeric probes on rice tissue sections. The abiotic stress conditions included cold, heat and mild salinity and were applied during seed germination. In contrast to cold, saline and heat stresses caused extensive decondensation of 45S rDNA chromatin and also an increase in the distance between the 2 homologous 5S rDNA loci. 5-Azacytidine (5-AC), a DNA hypomethylating drug, greatly increased 45S rDNA chromatin decondensation and interestingly was able to induce polarization of centromeres in rice interphase nuclei. The abiotic stresses tested did not perturb the spatial position of centromeres, typically with circular arrangement around the nucleolus. The results suggest a role for chromatin plasticity in a world of climate changes.
Cloning and Characterization of the Biosynthetic Gene Cluster for Tomaymycin, an SJG-136 Monomeric Analog

ABSTRACT Tomaymycin produced by Streptomyces achromogenes is a naturally produced pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD). The biosynthetic gene cluster for tomaymycin was identified and sequenced. The gene cluster analysis reveals a novel biosynthetic pathway for the anthranilate moiety of PBDs. Gene replacement and chemical complementation studies were used to confirm the proposed biosynthetic pathway.
Tetrakis(nitrato-κ2 O,O′)[N,N′-1,4-phenylenebis(pyridine-4-carboxamide)-κN 1](4-{[4-(pyridine-4-carboxamido-κN 1)phenyl]carbamoyl}pyridin-1-ium)neodymium(III)

In the title compound, [Nd(NO3)4(C18H15N4O2)(C18H14N4O2)], the NdIII centre is located on a twofold axis and exhibits a ten-coordinated distorted bicapped square-antiprismatic geometry. The pyridinium NH H atom is disordered over the two ligands. Adjacent mononuclear clusters are linked through N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen-bonding interactions, generating layers in the (102) plane.
Fair value or cost-based measurement for PPE and IP: evidence from accounting practice under IFRS

Some standards permit a choice between different measurement bases. IAS 16 and IAS 40 allow entities to choose between fair value and cost-based measurement for property, plant and equipment (PPE) and investment property (IP), respectively. This study analyzes the accounting practice concerning measurement of PPE and IP after recognition, under IFRS. The sample was extracted from stock exchange listed European companies included in the S&P Europe 350 Index. Data was hand collected from firm’s annual reports for the years of 2004 and 2005. Findings indicate great resistance to the fair value model. The preference for historical cost model is almost unanimous among European firms that prepared their consolidated financial statements in compliance with IFRS for the first time in 2005. Results seem to be consistent with the explanation that invokes the familiarity as being one of the reasons underlying the preparers’ preference for historical cost. That is, firms that applied historical cost model under former GAAP tend to carry on with historical cost under IFRS. Firms that had revaluate fixed assets before or at the transition date are more likely to adopt fair value model under IFRS. However, most of the companies that reported tangible fixed assets revaluations under previous GAAP shift to historical model under IFRS.
Hydrogen Storage in Carbon Nanotubes For the purposes of pollution free vehicular fuel cells and secondary batteries

Herein are discussed briefly the mechanisms theorized and supported by experiments or calculations pertaining the adsorption of hydrogen into carbon nanotubes. Affects of tube size, pressure, and temperature on hydrogen uptake in carbon nanotubes are also discussed. In particular, single-walled carbon nanotubes are discussed because of their promising hydrogen adsorption characteristics. Also, alkali-doping of carbon nanotubes and its benefits are discussed.
Impact of advanced blade configuration on small scale cryogenic axial turbine performance

Cryogenic Energy Storage (CES) technology which uses liquid air/nitrogen as energy carrier has attracted considerable attention recently due to its high exergy density (762kJ/kg) compared to other energy storage technologies. Liquid air/nitrogen occupies about 1/700 of the volume of its gaseous phase making it easier to store and transport. The stored energy can be recovered through a direct expansion process where the expander design and performance have a major effect on the efficiency of the energy conversion process. In this work the effects of blade configuration including lean (-15° to +15°) and twist (-20° to +30°) angels for rotor and stator of a small scale axial cryogenic turbine have been investigated using ANSYS CFX 3D modelling. Results showed that at rotor lean angle of -10°, twist angle of 0° and hub / tip ratio of 0.83, the improvement in efficiency is 4.28% while for the same angles and hub / tip ratio of 0.66, the efficiency improvement is 1.35%. On the other hand, for rotor lean angle of 0° and twist angle of 30°, the improvement in efficiency for hub / tip ratio of 0.83 is 4.2% and for rotor lean angle of 0° and twist angle of 150, the improvement in efficiency for hub / tip ratio of 0.66 is 2.66%. the improvement was noticed when twist and lean angles for both the rotor and stator were changed simultaneously.
Holdout transshipment policy in two-location inventory systems

In two-location inventory systems, unidirectional transshipment policies are considered when an item is not routinely stocked at a location in the system. Unlike the past research in this area which has concentrated on the simple transshipment policies of complete pooling or no pooling, the research presented in this thesis endeavors to develop an understanding of a more general class of transshipment policy. The research considers two major approaches: a decomposition approach, in which the two-location system is decomposed into a system with independent locations, and Markov decision process approach. For the decomposition approach, the transshipment policy is restricted to the class of holdout transshipment policy. The first attempt to develop a decomposition approach assumes that transshipment between the locations occurs at a constant rate in order to decompose the system into two independent locations with constant demand rates. The second attempt modifies the assumption of constant rate of transshipment to take account of local inventory levels to decompose the system into two independent locations with non-constant demand rates. In the final attempt, the assumption of constant rate of transshipment is further modified to model more closely the location providing transshipments. Again the system is decomposed into two independent locations with non-constant demand rates. For each attempt, standard techniques are applied to derive explicit expressions for the average cost rate, and an iterative solution method is developed to find an optimal holdout transshipment policy. Computational results show that these approaches can provide some insights into the performance of the original system. A semi-Markov decision model of the system is developed under the assumption of exponential lead time rather than fixed lead time. This model is later extended to the case of phase-type distribution for lead time. The semi-Markov decision process allows more general transshipment policies, but is computationally more demanding. Implicit expressions for the average cost rate are derived from the optimality equation for dynamic programming models. Computational results illustrate insights into the management of the two-location system that can be gained from this approach.
An investigation of private public partnerships using real options analysis

This thesis develops a model that investigates aspects of New Zealand’s largest public-private partnership project, the rollout of Ultra Fast Broadband. The model features four cities with different demand and construction-cost characteristics. It is used to study the different choices of the private party (Chorus) and the public party (Crown Fibre Holdings (CFH)). Using a real options approach, we identify two sorts of potential conflicts between the two parties: a timing conflict about the number of cities the two parties would like to develop in each period and a sequencing conflict about the order in which the UFB network is rolled out in different cities. Inspired by the incomplete contracting and information asymmetry literatures, we introduce several incentive schemes (including four subsidy schemes and two fine schemes) that help manage the possible conflicts. We compare both their ability to reduce the conflicts and their sensitivity to the model’s underlying parameters. Overall, there are four main findings. First, the magnitude of the conflict is a non-monotonic function of the inter-city demand differences and the inter-city construction-cost differences; it is an increasing function of the ratio of consumer surplus to producer surplus and of demand volatility. Second, a demand-dependent lump sum subsidy has the best performance among all included incentive schemes in controlling the possible conflicts. Third, the conflict level becomes quite sensitive to the subsidy scheme in two cases. A) When either the inter-city demand differences or the inter-city construction-cost differences turn out to be modest; B) When either the ratio of consumer surplus to producer surplus or demand volatility turns out to be large. The above result may provide some suggestions in managing the optimal subsidy. Last but not least, the requirement that Chorus is willing to participate in the partnership means that the fine schemes are generally outperformed by the subsidy schemes. Relating our findings to the undertaking UFB project, we provide CFH with several practical suggestions that may improve its management of possible conflicts.
RELATIONS BETWEEN METABOLISM AND MORPHOGENESIS DURING REGENERATION IN TUBIFEX TUBIFEX I

1. Methods of measuring "rate of localization," "rate of early differentiation," and "rate of later differentiation," during posterior regeneration in Tubifex tubifex have been described.2. A method of measuring oxygen consumption of individual worms has been described.3. Oxygen consumption, as determined according to the above mentioned method and also according to the Warburg manometric method, has been found to proceed at a near normal rate during localization and early stages of differentiation in the first week of regeneration.4. Markedly increased rate of oxygen consumption has been found associated with maximum rate of later differentiation during the second week of regeneration.5. No significant cyanide-sensitive fraction of respiration was found at any stage of regeneration.6. Worms in which regeneration had been inhibited by X-ray treatment showed no increase in oxygen consumption.7. Loss of weight by the starving regenerating worms was found to be almost twice as great as by the intact worms.8.
Enterprise Cloud Security with Outsourcing Computation

The use of cloud computing is becoming widespread, but systematic study of its managerial implications is lacking. This paper examines cloud computing in the context of other major changes in Information Technology and explores the revolutionary transformations and challenges it brings to enterprises security . The paper also analyzes the Homographic encryption for enterprise clouds and its practical concerns regarding outsourcing computation; In this paper we have discussed the Actor model computations and its benefits for business oriented clouds and its security while considering outsourcing computing.
Impact of Visual Merchandising on University of New Hampshire Students

Visual merchandising is a marketing tool used by retail outlets in order to make their products attractive and engaging. It has the ability to sway consumers into buying a product, making visual merchandising a useful tool in today’s competitive market. This study examines the impact visual merchandising has on the students of the University of New Hampshire (UNH). To determine this, we researched both the students and their local retailers. Retailers in Durham, New Hampshire were interviewed to determine how important visual merchandising is to their business. The consensus was that visual merchandising is an important segment of their business; it is one of the most effective ways to market to students. To gain an understanding of students’ views, a survey was distributed to undergraduates to measure their shopping habits and perceptions of visual merchandising. It was found that students generally have a positive perception of visual merchandising. Overall, students find visual merchandising useful and valuable when shopping. Through the statements made by retailers and the data provided by students, it has been determined that students are largely impacted by visual merchandising at UNH. IMPACT OF VISUAL MERCHANDISING 3 Table of
Crystal structure of AFV1‐102, a protein from the acidianus filamentous virus 1

Viruses infecting hyperthermophilic archaea have intriguing morphologies and genomic properties. The vast majority of their genes do not have homologs other than in other hyperthermophilic viruses, and the biology of these viruses is poorly understood. As part of a structural genomics project on the proteins of these viruses, we present here the structure of a 102 amino acid protein from acidianus filamentous virus 1 (AFV1‐102). The structure shows that it is made of two identical motifs that have poor sequence similarity. Although no function can be proposed from structural analysis, tight binding of the gateway tag peptide in a groove between the two motifs suggests AFV1‐102 is involved in protein protein interactions.
Emergent carotid stenting and intra-arterial abciximab in acute ischemic stroke due to tandem occlusion

Abstract Objective: Acute occlusions of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) and a major intracranial artery respond poorly to intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and present an endovascular challenge. The aim of our study was to retrospectively delineate the feasibility of the combined use of emergent carotid stenting and intra-arterial (IA) Abciximab with intracranial revascularization in the setting of acute ischemic stroke and carotid occlusions at our institution. Methods: Eleven patients with complete cervical carotid occlusion with or without concomitant intracranial ICA and/or MCA occlusion were identified from a single center, retrospective review of patients admitted to the Stroke unit. We evaluated all cases for complications of emergent cervical ICA recanalization employing carotid stenting and IA Abciximab. Results: All patients had complete cervical carotid occlusion with (n = 8) or without (n = 3) concomitant intracranial ICA and/or MCA occlusion. Successful emergent cervical ICA recanalization was achieved in all cases. All patients were administered IA Abciximab (dose range 6–17 mg, average 11.4 mg) immediately following the cervical carotid stenting. There was complete recanalization in all patients with no procedural morbidity or mortality. A single case (1/11, 9%) developed asymptomatic hemorrhagic transformation. Upon discharge, 9 patients (9/11, 82%) had a mRS of 0–2 and 2 patients (2/11, 18%) had a mRS of 3. Conclusions: In acute ICA–MCA/distal ICA occlusions, extracranial stenting followed by intracranial IA Abciximab and thrombectomy appears feasible, effective, and safe. Further evaluation of this treatment strategy is warranted.
FEM/BEM Hybrid Method for Magnetic Field Evaluation Due to Underground Power Cables

This paper is a contribution to the evaluation of electromagnetic fields due to underground power cables. Open boundary 2-D problems may be treated combining the finite element method (FEM) inside a region surrounded by a regular (cylindrical) fictitious surface with a semi-analytical boundary element method (BEM) to describe the field outside this region. For the outside region, a generalization of Pollaczek's solution is applied, taking into account eddy currents in the soil and the proximity effect between the soil/air plane surface and the cylinder fictitious surface with finite radius. The method is validated by using typical underground power cables where analytical methods may be applied accurately.
Specification of the Controlled-Load Network Element Service

This memo specifies the network element behavior required to deliver Controlled-Load service in the Internet. Controlled-load service provides the client data flow with a quality of service closely approximating the QoS that same flow would receive from an unloaded network element, but uses capacity (admission) control to assure that this service is received even when the network element is overloaded.
Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit both endogenous and exogenous MMPs via secreted TIMPs

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be perivascular, occupying a prime location for regulating vessel stability. Here, we focused on the MSC‐contribution of key regulators of the perivascular niche, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, the TIMPs. Despite secretion of active forms of MMPs by MSCs, MMP enzyme activity was not detected in MSC‐conditioned medium (MSC‐CM) due to TIMP‐mediated inhibition. By means of bifunctional‐crosslinking to probe endogenous MMP:TIMP interactions, we showed MMP‐2‐inhibition by TIMP‐2. MSCs also inhibited high levels of exogenous MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 through TIMP‐2 and TIMP‐1, respectively. Furthermore, MSC‐CM protected vascular matrix molecules and endothelial cell structures from MMP‐induced disruption. MSCs remained matrix‐protective when exposed to pro‐inflammatory cytokines and hypoxia, countering these stresses with increased TIMP‐1 expression and augmented MMP‐inhibition. Thus, MSCs are revealed as robust sources of TIMP‐mediated MMP‐inhibition, capable of protecting the perivascular niche from high levels of MMPs even under pathological conditions. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 385–396, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Combination of Similarity and Rule-based Method of PolyU for NTCIR-12 STC Task

In this report, we describe the approach we use in NTCIR-12 Short Text Conversation task. Because we register this task too late and we only have less than one week to do this task, we design a simple approach that is based on cosine similarity of sentence and some handcrafted rules. The result shows the effectiveness of our method.
Value for money analysis-practices and challenges : how governments choose when to use PPP to deliver public infrastructure and services

A growing number of governments are using Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) to deliver infrastructure. A PPP is a long-term contract between a private party and a government agency, for providing a public asset or service, in which the private party bears significant risk and management responsibility. Such partnerships can help make the best use of the resources of both the public and private sectors, including finance, experience, expertise, and focus on delivery, to expand and improve public infrastructure assets and services. This report presents some of the key issues in assessing Value-for-Money (VFM) that arose during the roundtable discussion, based on the experience of the participants. The content of this report is as follows: a) section two provides an overview of VFM analysis; b) section three discusses how VFM analysis is used in the PPP decision making process; c) section four describes some methodological challenges with VFM analysis; and d) section five concludes, and summarizes the key lessons from the roundtable.
Farmer's Adoption of Rotational Woodlot Technology in Kigorobya Sub-County of Hoima District, Western Uganda

This paper evaluates, using logistic and multiple regression analyses, the socio-economic factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt rotational woodlot technology in the farming systems of Uganda, based on a household survey carried out between May and December 2004, involving 120 farmers in Kigorobya sub-county, Hoima district. The analyses demonstrate that farmers make decisions about woodlot technology based on the household and field characteristics. The factors that significantly influenced the decision to adopt rotational woodlot technology included: gender, tree tenure security, seed supply, contact with extension and research agencies, soil erosion index, size of landholding, fuelwood scarcity, and main source of family income. To promote greater adoption of rotational woodlot technology, particular attention should be placed on the use of appropriate socioeconomic characterization, to better target technologies to areas with greater adoption potential.
Mispricing in IPO Methods and the Predictive Ability of Investors' Interest for New Issues

This paper investigates the relationship between underpricing and the investors' interest prior to and after the IPO day. The empirical study, conducted on 305 French issues, shows a first-day abnormal return of 17.13% and a significant mispricing over the three first trading days (a 3-day Cumulative Abnormal Return of 19.15%). Initial underpricing is positively related to the share demand-to-offer ratio in the pre-market period, and to trading volume (scaled by shares issued) in the aftermarket. Higher turnover for underpriced issues than overpriced issues, used as a proxy of divergence of opinion among investors, suggests that informed investors participate mainly in underpriced issues. Book-built issues have a lower underpricing, on median, but a higher variance level, than the auction-like and fixed-price offerings. Despite the high initial underpricing of some book-built issues, book-building procedure appears to better control the information gathering from investors participating in the offering, and to be a more efficient pricing system than the auction-like procedure.
Solving Level Set Evolving Using Fully Convolution Network

We have designed and trained a fully convolution neural network to calculate geometry evolving in discontinuous velocity fields. Train data set is generated by numerically solving level set equations. The equation-based regression problem is innovatively transformed to a series of classification problem to make the training easier. A network structure similar to deep residual net is used to improve accuracy. Test shows that our network is 18x faster compared to standard level set method, and error bound of our work is 0.5% for single frame prediction, and 9% for iterative prediction. Accuracy may be further improved by using priori knowledge or introducing generative adversarial network.
Proposal of multidirectional power transmission system using monopole antennas and parasitic elements

We propose a power transmission scheme based on a radio-wave method with monopole antennas and parasitic elements. Since the proposed scheme uses an omnidirectional monopole antenna, power transmission can be achieved not only in one direction but also in multiple directions. Moreover, if parasitic elements are placed between the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) monopole antennas, the coupling between the antennas is improved. In this article, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of power coupling, the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and the radiation pattern. These results confirmed that power transmission in multiple directions is more effective than in one direction.