Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic changes in the genomic localization of DNA replication-related element binding factor during the cell cycle

DREF was first characterized for its role in the regulation of transcription of genes encoding proteins involved in DNA replication and found to interact with sequences similar to the DNA recognition motif of the BEAF-32 insulator protein. Insulators are DNA-protein complexes that mediate intra- and inter-chromosome interactions. Several DNA-binding insulator proteins have been described in Drosophila, including BEAF-32, dCTCF and Su(Hw). Here we find that DREF and BEAF-32 co-localize at the same genomic sites, but their enrichment shows an inverse correlation. Furthermore, DREF co-localizes in the genome with other insulator proteins, suggesting that the function of this protein may require components of Drosophila insulators. This is supported by the finding that mutations in insulator proteins modulate DREF-induced cell proliferation. DREF persists bound to chromatin during mitosis at a subset of sites where it also co-localizes with dCTCF, BEAF-32 and CP190. These sites are highly enriched for sites where Orc2 and Mcm2 are present during interphase and at the borders of topological domains of chromosomes defined by Hi-C. The results suggest that DREF and insulator proteins may help maintain chromosome organization during the cell cycle and mark a subset of genomic sites for the assembly of pre-replication complexes and gene bookmarking during the M/G1 transition.
Motor activity affects adult skeletal muscle re‐innervation acting via tyrosine kinase receptors

Recently, muscle expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein under activity control has been reported. BDNF is a neurotrophin known to be involved in axon sprouting in the CNS. Hence, we set out to study the effect of chronic treadmill mid‐intensity running on adult rat muscle re‐innervation, and to explore the involvement of BDNF and tropomyosin‐related kinase (Trk) receptors. After nerve crush, muscle re‐innervation was evaluated using intracellular recordings, tension recordings, immunostaining and Western blot analyses. An enhanced muscle multiple innervation was found in running rats that was fully reversed to control values blocking Trk receptors or interrupting the running activity. An increase in muscle multiple innervation was also found in sedentary rats treated with a selective TrkB receptor agonist. The expression of TrkB receptors by intramuscular axons was demonstrated, and increased muscle expression of BDNF was found in running animals. The increase in muscle multiple innervation was consistent with the faster muscle re‐innervation that we found in running animals. We conclude that, when regenerating axons contact muscle cells, muscle activity progressively increases modulating BDNF and possibly other growth factors, which in turn, acting via Trk receptors, induce axon sprouting to re‐innervate skeletal muscle.
Effect Of Reinforcement Of Natural Residue (Quarry Dust) To Enhance The Properties Of Aluminium Metal

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) have superior mechanical strength and wear resistance as compared to base alloy. Aluminium matrix reinforced with low density discontinuous particulate composites has good potential in automobile and aerospace applications. The main challenge is to produce the light weight composite in a cost effective way to achieve the greater properties. In the present study, aluminium( A356) alloy is reinforced with quarry dust (QD) particulates using modified stir casting and the effect of quarry dust on the composites are investigated. Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs) have been successfully produced with different weight percentages (0, 5, 7.5 and 10) of quarry dust. Macrohardness and ultimate tensile strength of the composites have improved with the addition of reinforced particulates in the base matrix alloy. Dry sliding wear behavior of AMCs is examined with the help of a pin on disc wear testing machine. It is found that the addition of quarry dust reinforcements increases the wear resistance of the composites. Optical and SEM images revealed the homogeneous distribution of reinforcement particles in the composites.
Classification of optical music symbols based on combined neural network

In this paper, a new method for music symbol classification named Combined Neural Network (CNN) is proposed. Tests are conducted on more than 9000 music symbols from both real and scanned music sheets, which show that the proposed technique offers superior classification capability. At the same time, the performance of the new network is compared with the single Neural Network (NN) classifier using the same music scores. The average classification accuracy increased more than ten percent, reaching 98.82%.
Role of polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemistry in the cytological assessment of lymphoid proliferations

Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is used as a screening test to evaluate lymphadenopathy. The combined use of genetic analysis and flow cytometry for immunophenotyping has increased the accuracy of diagnosis and correct categorisation of lymphomas on cytological preparations. Aim: To show the utility of immunocytochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the evaluation of cytological preparations of lymph nodes. Methods: Fine needle aspirates were obtained from 33 patients (initial presentation, n = 27; recurrence, n = 6). Routine examination was undertaken using immunocytochemistry and DNA PCR to detect clonality and specific translocations. The cytodiagnosis and subclassification of lymphoma was correlated with histological diagnosis in the available follow-up biopsies. Results: 14 patients had a cytological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), 4 had suspected NHL, 2 had atypical lymphoid proliferation and 13 had reactive hyperplasia. A World Health Organization (WHO) subtype was suggested in 8 patients. Incorporating the results of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements enabled diagnosis of lymphoma in 17 patients, including 5 of the 6 patients suspected to have NHL or an atypical lymphoid proliferation. Identification of the translocations t (14;18) and t (2;5) helped WHO categorisation in 3 of the patients. The cytological findings were confirmed in 12 out of the 13 patients for whom histological follow-up was available. Seven of the 18 lymphoma patients were managed without a subsequent biopsy. We made one false–positive diagnosis of B-cell NHL on cytology. Conclusion: The use of immunocytochemistry and PCR is valuable in the definitive diagnosis and subtyping of malignant lymphomas on cytological preparations. The use of these techniques may avoid lymph node biopsies in some cases and allow definitive treatment based on aspirate findings alone.
Parkinsonism Reduces Coordination of Fingers, Wrist, and Arm in Fine Motor Control

This experiment investigates movement coordination in Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects. Seventeen PD patients and 12 elderly control subjects performed several handwriting-like tasks on a digitizing writing tablet resting on top of a table in front of the subject. The writing patterns, in increasing order of coordination complexity, were repetitive back-and-forth movements in various orientations, circles and loops in clockwise and counterclockwise directions, and a complex writing pattern. The patterns were analyzed in terms of jerk normalized for duration and size per stroke. In the PD subjects, back-and-forth strokes, involving coordination of fingers and wrist, showed larger normalized jerk than strokes performed using either the wrist or the fingers alone. In the PD patients, wrist flexion (plus radial deviation) showed greater normalized jerk in comparison to wrist extension (plus ulnar deviation). The elderly control subjects showed no such effects as a function of coordination complexity. For both PD and elderly control subjects, looping patterns consisting of circles with a left-to-right forearm movement, did not show a systematic increase of normalized jerk. The same handwriting patterns were then simulated using a biologically inspired neural network model of the basal ganglia thalamocortical relations for a control and a mild PD subject. The network simulation was consistent with the observed experimental results, providing additional support that a reduced capability to coordinate wrist and finger movements may be caused by suboptimal functioning of the basal ganglia in PD. The results suggest that in PD patients fine motor control problems may be caused by a reduced capability to coordinate the fingers and wrist and by reduced control of wrist flexion.
Multi-step parallel-strategy for estimating the remaining useful life of batteries

This paper aims to study the use of a multistep parallel-strategy (MSPS) for long-term estimation of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Various extreme learning machines (ELMs) including standard ELM, kernel ELMs and online sequential ELM (OS-ELM) are used along with the parallel strategy for multi-step prognosis. These multistep predictors are trained by means of constant current Li-ion battery datasets. The attained results present the effectiveness of these MSPS techniques in the long-term prediction of the remaining useful life of the Li-ion batteries. Besides, the OS-ELM predictor outperforms other techniques in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) and the RUL estimation error.
Body Position Alters Mechanical Power and Respiratory Mechanics During Thoracic Surgery

BACKGROUND: During thoracic surgery, patients are usually positioned in lateral decubitus and only the dependent lung ventilated. The ventilated lung is thus exposed to the weight of the contralateral hemithorax and restriction of the dependent chest wall. We hypothesized that mechanical power would increase during one-lung ventilation in the lateral position. METHODS: We performed a prospective, observational, single-center study from December 2016 to May 2017. Thirty consecutive patients undergoing general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation (mean age, 68 ± 11 years; body mass index, 25 ± 5 kg·m−2) for thoracic surgery were enrolled. Total and partitioned mechanical power, lung and chest wall elastance, and esophageal pressure were compared in supine and lateral position with double- and one-lung ventilation and with closed and open chest both before and after surgery. Mixed factorial ANOVA for repeated measurements was performed, with both step and the period before or after surgery as 2 within-subject factors, and left or right body position during surgery as a fixed, between-subject factor. Appropriate interaction terms were included. RESULTS: The mechanical power was higher in lateral one-lung ventilation compared to both supine and lateral position double-lung ventilation (11.1 ± 3.0 vs 8.2 ± 2.7 vs 8.7 ± 2.6; mean difference, 2.9 J·minute−1 [95% CI, 1.4–4.4 J·minute−1] and 2.4 J·minute−1 [95% CI, 0.9–3.9 J·minute−1]; P < .001 and P = .002, respectively). Lung elastance was higher during lateral position one-lung ventilation compared to both lateral and supine double-lung ventilation (24.3 ± 8.7 vs 9.5 ± 3.8 vs 10.0 ± 3.8; mean difference, 14.7 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 11.2–18.2 cm H2O·L−1] and 14.2 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 10.8–17.7 cm H2O·L−1], respectively) and was higher compared to predicted values (20.1 ± 7.5 cm H2O·L−1). Chest wall elastance increased in lateral position double-lung ventilation compared to supine (11.1 ± 3.8 vs 6.6 ± 3.4; mean difference, 4.5 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 2.6–6.3 cm H2O·L−1]) and was lower in lateral position one-lung ventilation with open chest than with a closed chest (3.5 ± 1.9 vs 7.1 ± 2.8; mean difference, 3.6 cm H2O·L−1 [95% CI, 2.4–4.8 cm H2O·L−1]). The end-expiratory esophageal pressure decreased moving from supine position to lateral position one-lung ventilation while increased with the opening of the chest wall. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical power and lung elastance are increased in the lateral position with one-lung ventilation. Esophageal pressure monitoring may be used to follow these changes.
Analysing of a shunt compensator installation

Nowadays, electricity has become an important part of human lives. Electricity is needed to light up houses, buildings and even transports. Electricity comes from generators which produce power that are useful for loads. But, not all power that flow from generators is useful for a power system. Although reactive power is needed on power system, a high amount of it will cause problems such as the reduction of active power generated and poor voltage regulation. The reactive power consumption by loads must be compensated and this could be done by installing shunt compensator on the electrical network. An approach has been done to study about the performance of the system with and without compensator installed. This research presents a comprehensive study on the shunt compensation method. There were three methods used in finishing this research which are collecting data from electricity utility, literature review writing, and simulation using PowerWorld Simulator. The simulated network is evaluated in terms of its performance with and without compensator installed.
Cosimulation-based power estimation for system-on-chip design

We present efficient power estimation techniques for hardware-software (HW-SW) system-on-chip (SoC) designs. Our techniques are based on concurrent and synchronized execution of multiple power estimators that analyze different parts of the SoC (we refer to this as coestimation), driven by a system-level simulation master. We motivate the need for power coestimation, and demonstrate that performing independent power estimation for the various system components can lead to significant errors in the power estimates, especially for control-intensive and reactive-embedded systems. We observe that the computation time for performing power coestimation is dominated by: i) the requirement to analyze/simulate some parts of the system at lower levels of abstraction in order to obtain accurate estimates of timing and switching activity information and ii) the need to communicate between and synchronize the various simulators. Thus, a naive implementation of power coestimation may be too inefficient to be used in an iterative design exploration framework. To address this issue, we present several acceleration (speed-up) techniques for power coestimation. The acceleration techniques are energy caching, software power macro-modeling, and statistical sampling. Our speed-up techniques reduce the workload of the power estimators for the individual SoC components, as well as their communication/synchronization overhead. Experimental results indicate that the use of the proposed acceleration techniques results in significant (8/spl times/ to 87/spl times/) speed-ups in SOC power estimation time, with minimal impact on accuracy. We also show the utility of our coestimation tool to explore system-level power tradeoffs for a TCP/IP check-sum engine subsystem.
Resistance to cefoperazone-sulbactam in Klebsiella pneumoniae: evidence for enhanced resistance resulting from the coexistence of two different resistance mechanisms

We investigated the in vitro activity and the in vivo efficacy of the beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination cefoperazone-sulbactam against an isogenic series of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Both cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam were active in vitro against a susceptible clinical strain, and the combination was highly effective in the treatment of rat intra-abdominal abscesses. Loss of expression of a 39-kDa outer membrane protein resulted in at least a fourfold increase in the MICs of cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam but did not appreciably affect the in vivo efficacy of either regimen. Introduction of plasmid RP4, which encodes the TEM-2 beta-lactamase, into the susceptible strain resulted in the loss of in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy for cefoperazone. The in vitro activity of cefoperazone-sulbactam against this strain was diminished, but the antibiotic combination remained highly active in vivo. Introduction of RP4 into the strain lacking the 39-kDa outer membrane protein resulted in a fourfold increase in the in vitro MIC of cefoperazone-sulbactam in comparison with the beta-lactamase-producing susceptible strain and resulted in a loss of in vivo efficacy against infections caused by this strain. These results suggest that the combination of different resistance mechanisms, neither of which alone results in substantially diminished cefoperazone-sulbactam efficacy in vivo, can cause in vivo resistance to the beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combination in K. pneumoniae.
Feasibility of a self‐help treatment for insomnia comorbid with cancer

Objective: Professionally administered cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious for treating insomnia in breast cancer survivors. However, given the limited accessibility to CBT for insomnia in cancer clinics, there is a need to develop other delivery formats for this intervention. This feasibility study examined patients' satisfaction with a self‐help CBT for insomnia comorbid with cancer and gathered some preliminary data on its effect on sleep and associated features.
The American Bison: The Story of its Extermination as a Wild Species and its Restoration under Federal Protection by Martin S. Garretson (review)

Usually, sooner or later, the men of the dark skins have acknowledged the superiority of the whites and yielded them a kind of deference and obedience. The Indian strangely refused it. He even refused to believe that the white man's way was better than his or that the white man's God was more powerful. The whites never understood this unwillingness of the Indians to realize that the white way was the better way. Here were two races, two cultures, two bodies of tradition--both definite and firmly held--brought suddenly face to face and trying to occupy the same portion of the earth at the same time. Both were high-spirited, grasping, proud, often insolent and hottempered. Both were trained in schools of violent action, for it must be remembered that the Europe from which the whites had come was not only a world frequently convulsed by war, but it was also a world in which pain and death were not dreaded as they are now. Seventeenth century England treated criminals little better than the Iroquois treated prisoners. To be hanged, drawn and quartered is not perceptibly more merciful than to be burned at the stake. And the English were not unfamiliar with the stake, too, as the martyrs' memorial at Oxford testifies.
Development, standardization, and testing of a lexicon for reporting contrast‐enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging studies

The purpose of this study was to develop, standardize, and test reproducibility of a lexicon for reporting contrast‐enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. To standardize breast MRI lesion description and reporting, seven radiologists with extensive breast MRI experience developed consensus on technical detail, clinical history, and terminology reporting to describe kinetic and architectural features of lesions detected on contrast‐enhanced breast MR images. This lexicon adapted American College of Radiology Breast Imaging and Data Reporting System terminology for breast MRI reporting, including recommendations for reporting clinical history, technical parameters for breast MRI, descriptions for general breast composition, morphologic and kinetic characteristics of mass lesions or regions of abnormal enhancement, and overall impression and management recommendations. To test morphology reproducibility, seven radiologists assessed morphology characteristics of 85 contrast‐enhanced breast MRI studies. Data from each independent reader were used to compute weighted and unweighted kappa (κ) statistics for interobserver agreement among readers. The MR lexicon differentiates two lesion types, mass and non‐mass‐like enhancement based on morphology and geographical distribution, with descriptors of shape, margin, and internal enhancement. Lexicon testing showed substantial agreement for breast density (κ = 0.63) and moderate agreement for lesion type (κ = 0.57), mass margins (κ = 0.55), and mass shape (κ = 0.42). Agreement was fair for internal enhancement characteristics. Unweighted kappa statistics showed highest agreement for the terms dense in the breast composition category, mass in lesion type, spiculated and smooth in mass margins, irregular in mass shape, and both dark septations and rim enhancement for internal enhancement characteristics within a mass. The newly developed breast MR lexicon demonstrated moderate interobserver agreement. While breast density and lesion type appear reproducible, other terms require further refinement and testing to lead to a uniform standard language and reporting system for breast MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:889–895. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The multiple sleep latency test: what does it measure?

In his 1961 review, Kamiya (1) described four types of measures that could be used to assess drowsiness. Three of these categories had been (and stilI are) used by many investigators to examine sleepiness and its concomitants. These categories included measures of reduced activity, attenuation of "best effort" on tests of performance, and introspective reports of sleepiness on subjective rating scales. The fourth type of sleepiness measure, readiness to faIl asleep, was de scribed by Kamiya in the following way: Certainly the drowsier the person is, the more rapidly he should fall asleep under favor able conditions. This idea of drowsiness is close to its everyday meaning, and the method to be used in applying it is self-evident, assuming some previously established criterion of sleep onset. One of its difficulties as an assessment procedure, at least at the human level, is that subjects must be made comfortable and be thoroughly familiarized with the test setting. Moreover, the method obviously is not well suited to continuous or frequent determinations of drowsiness. It has some utility as a measure of that drowsiness which just precedes normal sleep at the usual hours, but otherwise it is not very practical.
Evaluating application-layer traffic optimization cost metrics for P2P multimedia streaming

To help users of P2P communication systems perform better-than-random selection of communication peers, Internet Engineering Task Force standardized the Application Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) protocol. The ALTO provided data-routing cost metric, can be used to rank peers in P2P communication systems. However, the method to derive the data-routing cost metric is undefined by the standard. This paper proposes and evaluates three methods to derive the data-routing cost metric for use in ALTO servers.
Visualizing the Structure & Composition of Video

We present a system for analyzing and comparing the composition and structure of video content. The system is inspired by the Arijon's 'The Grammar of the Film Language' [1] and relies upon face-detection and unsupervised learning to classify video composition. The compositional elements are then visualized sequentially in a web-interface that allows the user to explore the compositional elements and visually inspect entire films for patterns and anomalies. Our results show that this system provides new insights into both the composition and structure of video. Keywords—Video, Film, Visualization, Visual Analysis, Sequential Categorical Data
Complete Genome Sequence of Spiroplasma sp. TU-14

ABSTRACT Spiroplasma sp. TU-14 was isolated from a contaminated sample of Entomoplasma lucivorax PIPN-2T obtained from the International Organization for Mycoplasmology collection. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of this bacterium to facilitate the investigation of its biology and the comparative genomics among Spiroplasma spp.