Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Galaxies at high redshift and reionization

The quest to discover the most distant galaxies has developed rapidly in the last decade. We are now exploring redshifts of 6 and beyond, when the Universe was less than a billion years old, an epoch when the previously neutral intergalactic medium was reionized. The continuing discovery of galaxies at progressively higher and higher redshifts has been driven by the availability of large telescopes on the ground and in space, improvements in detector technology, and new search strategies. Over the past 4 years, the Lyman break technique has been shown to be effective in isolating z ≈ 6 star-forming i'-drop galaxies through spectroscopic confirmation with large ground-based telescopes (Keck, Gemini and the ESO VLTs). Analysis of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF-the deepest images obtained so far, and likely to remain so until the James Webb Space Telescope, JWST), has enabled us to explore the faint end of the luminosity function, which may contribute the bulk of the total star formation. The discovery of this i' -drop galaxy population has been used to infer the global star formation rate density at this epoch (z ≈ 6), and we are now beginning to constrain the contribution to reionization of the UV flux from these galaxies. Infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope has been used to determine the Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) from the rest-frame UV to the optical of some i' -drops, and constrain the previous star formation histories, masses and age of these sources. The indications are that much of the stellar mass of these galaxies might have formed in vigorous bursts at z > 6. The next big advances would be to test the population synthesis modelling of these z ~ 6 galaxies through spectroscopy of the rest-frame optical (rather than crude broad-band SEDs) , and also to push the observational horizon for galaxies further to directly explore star formation during the reionization epoch. JWST is likely to have a profound impact on realising these goals.
SRA: Description of the SRA System as Used for MUC-6

SRA used the combination of two systems for the MUC-6 tasks: NameTag™, a commercial software product that recognizes proper names and other key phrases in text; and HASTEN, an experimental text extraction system that has been under development for only one year. For the Named Entity task, SRA adapted a subset of NameTag's capabilities to the MUC-6 specification. For the Template Element task, SRA fed the full results of NameTag into HASTEN, which performed additional processing to extract and generate the organization and person templates. For the Scenario Template task, SRA fed NameTag's results into HASTEN, which used its full extraction capabilities to extract and generate the management succession templates. Figure 1 illustrates the contribution of each system to the MUC-6 tasks. Due to the relative complexity of the scenario template task, this paper will focus on HASTEN and the experimental results for scenario extraction, and will provide brief descriptions of NameTag and the other tasks.
Use and Acceptability of Writing Adaptations for Students with Disabilities: Survey of Grade 3–8 Teachers

One hundred forty–one teachers in grades 3–8 indicated how frequently they made 24 writing instructional adaptations for students with disabilities. They also rated the acceptability of each of the 24 adaptations on three dimensions: effectiveness, effort needed to implement, and implementation knowledge. Teachers reported making 16 different adaptations monthly or more often, and 10 at least weekly. The most common adaptation was allowing extra time to complete writing assignments. The least common adaptations included extra handwriting instruction, opportunities to compose via dictation, and homework to reinforce skills. Teachers viewed most of the adaptations as acceptable, and views on acceptability made a unique contribution to predicting reported use of adaptations, after variance due to student and other teacher variables was controlled.
Comparison of Classical Least Squares (CLS), Ridge and Principal Component Methods of Regression Analyses using Gynecological Data

This study compares results obtained from the application of Classical Least Squares with that obtained from the two major biased estimation methods: Ridge and Principal Component Regressions in multicollinear situations using gynecological data from University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Numerical values of baby's weights (less than 2.5kg) at birth were considered as response variable while mother's age, weight and height, as well as preterm delivery, multiple pregnancies, parity, graphidity, maternal infections such as malaria, tuberculosis, sexually transmitted diseases, anaemia/shortage of blood, intra-uterine infections, congenital abnormalities, etc and fetal infections serve as explanatory variables. Regression method is used as the statistical tool. A number of assumptions of the regression analysis were inspected. Normality assumption was confirmed by plotting Normal Q-Q Plot and Histogram of the Standardized Residuals. The data sets were also inspected for homoscedasticity of error variances using Residual Plot and Fligner-Killeen Test; it was established that homoscedasticity assumption was not violated. Autocorrelation problem on the data set was checked by Durbin-Watson statistic. The test revealed that autocorrelation problem can be tolerated. Existence of multicollinearity problem was further checked in the data set using Farrar-Glauber Chi-squared test. It was established that some predictors are highly correlated; this was also true when correlation matrix table was obtained. Shrinkage estimator of Ridge Regression was obtained by Iterative Method of Hoerl and Kennard. Ridge Regression coefficients were later computed. Kaiser's and Cattell's Screen Criteria were employed for determining number of principal components to be retained in the analysis. The two criteria suggested that the first three components should be retained but only one component is significant. Thereafter, Ridge Regression was finally recommended as the best method to handle multicollinearity problem under Frequentist Approach.
Attempts to verify written English

The English language offers a complex and ambiguous grammar that is readily understood by its natural users, but at times can be difficult to grasp by beginners/learners, and no less, by machines. This paper discusses research and implementations of several techniques towards algorithmically analyzing and verifying the grammatical correctness of sentences in written English.
Genç Yetişkin Bireylerin Egzersiz Öz Yeterlik ve Egzersize Bakiş Açilarinin Cinsiyet ve Egzersiz Davranişi Değişim Basamaklarina Göre İncelenmesi Examinations of Young Adults' Exercise Self- Efficacy and Decisional Balance With Regard To Gender and Exercise Stage of Change

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Prochaska ve DiClemente tarafından 1984 yılında egzersiz davranışının açıklanması ve belirlenmesi amacı ile önerilen Kuramlar Üstü Model (KÜM) göz önünde bulundurularak, 18-29 yaşları arasındaki bireylerin egzersiz özyeterliklerinin ve egzersizin olumlu/olumsuz yönlerini algılama düzeylerinin cinsiyet ve egzersiz davranışı değişim basamaklarına göre karşılaştırılmasıdır. Araştırmaya, 249 erkek X yaş = 22.59 1.90 ve 257 kadın X yaş = 21.99 1.77 toplam 506 kişi gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılara “Egzersiz Davranışı Değişim Basamakları”, “Egzersiz Öz-yeterlik” ve “Egzersiz Davranışına Karar Verme Dengesi” anketleri uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler cinsiyet ve egzersiz davranışının 5 basamağı (eğilim öncesi, eğilim, hazırlık, hareket ve devamlılık) temel alınarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan 2 x 5 (Cinsiyet x Egzersiz Davranışı değişim basamakları) çok yönlü varyans analizi (MANOVA) sonuçları, 18-29 yaşları arasındaki bireylerin egzersiz öz-yeterlik düzeylerinin ve egzersize bakış açılarının cinsiyete ve egzersiz davranışı değişim basaA B S T R AC T
Switching from Bloom to the Medicine Wheel: creating learning outcomes that support Indigenous ways of knowing in post-secondary education

Abstract Based on a review of works by Indigenous educators, this paper suggests a four-domain framework for developing course outcome statements that will serve all students, with a focus on better supporting the educational empowerment of Indigenous students. The framework expands the three domains of learning, pioneered by Bloom to a four-domain construction based on the four quadrants of the Medicine Wheel , a teaching/learning framework that has widespread use in the Indigenous communities of North America (Native American, First Nation, Metis, Inuit, etc.). This paper expands on the cognitive (mental), psychomotor (physical) and affective (emotional) domains to add the fourth quadrant, spiritual, as being essential for balance in curricular design that supports students in their learning goals. The description of the spiritual quadrant includes a progression of learning outcomes and suggested verbs for developing learning outcome statements. Evaluation and practical implications are also discussed.
The value of value-added: Science, technology, and policy in educational evaluation

How does access to this work benefit you? Let us know! Follow this and additional works at: http://academicworks.cuny. edu/gc_etds Part of the Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons, Educational Sociology Commons, Politics and Social Change Commons, Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies Commons, Science and Technology Studies Commons, Social and Philosophical Foundations of Education Commons, Social Statistics Commons, and the Theory, Knowledge and Science Commons
Real-Time Uncharacteristic-Part Tracking Based on Points Tracking

In this research, we focus on how to track a target region that lies next to similar regions (e.g., a forearm and an upper arm) in zoom-in images. In our method, a group of feature points in a target region is extracted and tracked as the model of the target. Small differences between the neighboring regions can be verified by focusing only on the feature points. In addition, (1) the stability of tracking is improved using particle filtering and (2) tracking robust to occlusions is realized by removing unreliable points using random sampling.
Biyolojik Ritim Değerlendirme Görüşmesinin Türkçe sürümünün güvenilirliği ve geçerliliği

ABSTRACT Objective: In this study, it is aimed to perform the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. Methods: The study was performed with 79 bipolar type-I disorder, 26 bipolar type-II disorder and 42 major depressive disorder patients attending to mood disorder clinics of three university hospitals and one state training hospital as well as 116 university students consisting healthy control subjects. The mean duration of the illness was 15.1 years for the bipolar groups and 9,3 years for the depressive group. For concurrent validity, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used. In the statistical analyzes, internal consistency coefficient, item-total score correlations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, correlation with the other scale and ROC curve were calculated. Results: The forward and back translation of the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry was performed, and linguistic equivalence was obtained with the scale prepared. In internal consistency, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.899 and item-total correlation coefficients
Feature Derivation for Exploitation of Distant Annotation via Pattern Induction against Dependency Parses

We consider the use of distant supervision for biological information extraction, and introduce two understudied corpora of this form, the Biological Expression Language (BEL) Large Corpus and the Path-way Logic (PL) Datum Corpus. Each resource eschews annotation at the sentence constituent level, and the PL corpus requires synthesis of information across multiple sentences to construct composite knowledge frames. Decomposing this problem into feature induction for slot-level attributes, followed by event assembly over this space of features, we introduce a novel, general-purpose pattern induction procedure, evaluating it against these two corpora, demonstrating its ability to induce effective detection against dependency parses.
Recent development of the Met Office operational ocean forecasting system: an overview and assessment of the new Global FOAM forecasts

Abstract. The Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model (FOAM) is an operational ocean analysis and forecast system run daily at the Met Office. FOAM provides modelling capability in both deep ocean and coastal shelf sea regimes using the NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) ocean model as its dynamical core. The FOAM Deep Ocean suite produces analyses and 7-day forecasts of ocean tracers, currents and sea ice for the global ocean at 1/4° resolution. Satellite and in situ observations of temperature, salinity, sea level anomaly and sea ice concentration are assimilated by FOAM each day over a 48 h observation window. The FOAM Deep Ocean configurations have recently undergone a major upgrade which has involved the implementation of a new variational, first guess at appropriate time (FGAT) 3D-Var, assimilation scheme (NEMOVAR); coupling to a different, multi-thickness-category, sea ice model (CICE); the use of coordinated ocean-ice reference experiment (CORE) bulk formulae to specify the surface boundary condition; and an increased vertical resolution for the global model. In this paper the new FOAM Deep Ocean system is introduced and details of the recent changes are provided. Results are presented from 2-year reanalysis integrations of the Global FOAM configuration including an assessment of short-range ocean forecast accuracy. Comparisons are made with both the previous FOAM system and a non-assimilative FOAM system. Assessments reveal considerable improvements in the new system to the near-surface ocean and sea ice fields. However there is some degradation to sub-surface tracer fields and in equatorial regions which highlights specific areas upon which to focus future improvements.
CloudLight: A system for amortizing indirect lighting in real-time rendering

We introduce CloudLight, a system for computing indirect lighting in the Cloud to support real-time rendering for interactive 3D ap- plications on a user's local device. CloudLight maps the traditional graphics pipeline onto a distributed system. That differs from a single-machine renderer in three fundamental ways. First, the map- ping introduces potential asymmetry between computational re- sources available at the Cloud and local device sides of the pipeline. Second, compared to a hardware memory bus, the network intro- duces relatively large latency and low bandwidth between certain pipeline stages. Third, for multi-user virtual environments, a Cloud solution can amortize expensive global illumination costs across users. Our new CloudLight framework explores tradeoffs in differ- ent partitions of the global illumination workload between Cloud and local devices, with an eye to how available network and com- putational power influence design decisions and image quality. We describe the tradeoffs and characteristics of mapping three known lighting algorithms to our system and demonstrate scaling for up to 50 simultaneous CloudLight users.
A Low Complexity Interference Cancellation Technique for Multi-User DS-CDMA Communications

A low complexity Parallel Interference Cancellation (PIC) technique is proposed to suppress Multi-Access Interference (MAI) and minimize near-far effect for multi-user communication using Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). Interference signal is estimated using a relationship between cyclic correlation of the received signal and user's code of the interferer without requiring any knowledge of the channel condition. The user's codes for the multi-user DS-CDMA communication are constructed by using a set of m-sequences. The cyclic correlation is performed using Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT) which exhibits low computational complexity, i.e., it does not require any multiplication/division operations. In addition to low complexity, the proposed technique does not require complicated channel condition estimation and has no convergence issues. The uncoded Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed interference cancellation is calculated and compared with the conventional one over three different types of channels: AWGN, slow Rayleigh fading, and multipath channels.
Formal Models for Group-Centric Secure Information Sharing

We develop the foundations for a theory of Group-Centric Secure Information Sharing (g-SIS), characterize a specific family of models in this arena and identify several directions in which this theory can be extended. The traditional approach to information sharing, characterized as Dissemination-Centric in this paper, focuses on attaching attributes and policies to an object (sometimes called “sticky policies”) as it is disseminated from producers to consumers in a system. In contrast, Group-Centric sharing envisions bringing the subjects and objects together in a group to facilitate sharing. The metaphor is that of a secure meeting room where participants and information come together to enable parties to “share” information for some common purpose. We formalize the concept of an Information-Sharing Group using Linear Temporal Logic (LTL), by specifying g-SIS properties. We begin with a core set of properties (Simultaneity, Provenance, Persistence, Availability, etc.) that any g-SIS model must satisfy. Next we identify additional properties regarding specific variations of group operations (Strict, Liberal, Lossy, Lossless, etc.). Finally, we specify the correct authorization behavior for a sub-family of g-SIS specifications using LTL and formally prove that the specifications satisfy the properties using the model checker NuSMV.
The Arts and Sciences of Reading: Humanities in The Laboratory

This article examines two recent scientific studies about reading fiction in order to argue for more thoroughly interdisciplinary work that crosses the too-often-upheld boundary between the humanities and sciences. Taking one of these in particular as a case study, I explore how including a humanist in the experimental process could have impacted many stages of inquiry: from developing more interesting and better contextualized research questions and methods, to providing rhetorical expertise that could reduce the role of “neurohype” as research moves from the lab to the press, to providing an important counterweight to the urge to make hasty recommendations about the translatability of basic science. I argue that the sciences and humanities are important partners in demystifying press coverage of neuroscience and cognitive science developments, and suggest that incorporating humanities approaches could improve the practice of science as it approaches topics typically in the purview of the humanities or social sciences, asking how the goals of scientific advancement could be shaped by work across the disciplines. My ultimate aim is to ask how we can improve science literacy and interdisciplinarity—two pursuits that I argue are inextricably linked.
Spectral analysis of physical properties of the Prydz Bay sediments, Antarctica for identifying cycles for the last five million years

The ODP Site 1165 is located 400km northwest of Prydz Bay, Antarctica and it contains a highresolution Plio-Pleistocene sediment record of glacial history and related climate changes. The East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) has existed for more than 34 Ma. During that time it has fluctuated considerably and it has been one of the considerable driving forces of climate and global sea level throughout the late Cenozoic era. Evidence of the formation and development of the Antarctic ice sheets comes from variety of sources, including physical properties of the marine sediments. The waxing and waning of ice masses is associated with changes in terrigenous sediment supply. High quality record of physical properties from marine sediments is increasingly collected for paleoclimatic purposes. This study is an example of use of spectral analysis to physical properties including magnetic susceptibility and gamma-ray attenuation porosity/density evaluation (GRAPE) measurements during the last five million years of deposition. The studied interval was sampled every 10 cm and discrete samples were measured for magnetic susceptibility to obtain more prominent dataset with less noise. The results show record of the glacier ice dynamics and its cyclic behaviour due to external (i.e. orbital) forcing. The pronounced expression of the middle Pliocene warm period from 3.15 to 2.85 Ma ago is seen in discrete samples by the elevated magnetic susceptibility values by a factor of two compared to earlier record.
Culture of honour and the blaming of women in cases of rape / La cultura del honor y la inculpación de la mujer en casos de violación

Abstract The main objective of this research was to examine the influence of the culture of honour on victim blaming according to three types of rape scenarios involving the rape of a married woman (stranger rape vs. acquaintance rape vs. marital rape). A total of 262 university students (120 men and 142 women) participated in this study. Our results confirmed the influence of the culture of honour on the acquaintance rape scenario in the degree of victim blaming, followed by the marital rape scenario. In both scenarios the behaviour of the victim challenged the codes of the culture of honour. The results confirmed that the participants’ answers depended on the interaction of situational variables of a rape (type of scenarios) and the variables concerning the observer (the culture of honour).
The metal‐insulator transitions of VO2: A band theoretical approach

The results of first principles electronic structure calculations for the metallic rutile and the insulating monoclinic $M_1$ phase of vanadium dioxide are presented. In addition, the insulating $M_2$ phase is investigated for the first time. The density functional calculations allow for a consistent understanding of all three phases. In the rutile phase metallic conductivity is carried by metal $t_{2g}$ orbitals, which fall into the one‐dimensional $d_\parallel$ band, and the isotropically dispersing $e^\pi_g$ bands. Hybridization of both types of bands is weak. In the $M_1$ phase splitting of the $d_\parallel$ band due to metal‐metal dimerization and upshift of the $e^\pi_g$ bands due to increased p‐d overlap lead to an effective separation of both types of bands. Despite incomplete opening of the optical band gap due to the shortcomings of the local density approximation, the metal‐insulator transition can be understood as a Peierls‐like instability of the $d_\parallel$ band in an embedding background of $e^\pi_g$ electrons. In the $M_2$ phase, the metal‐insulator transition arises as a combined embedded Peierls‐like and antiferromagnetic instability. The results for VO2 fit into the general scenario of an instability of the rutile‐type transition‐metal dioxides at the beginning of the d series towards dimerization or antiferromagnetic ordering within the characteristic metal chains. This scenario was successfully applied before to MoO2 and NbO2. In the $d^1$ compounds, the $d_\parallel$ and $e^\pi_g$ bands can be completely separated, which leads to the observed metal‐insulator transitions.