Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Electrostatic Field on Osteoblast Cells for Bone Regeneration Applications

Many external stimulations have been shown to promote bone regeneration. The effects of an alternating current (AC) electrostatic field, one of external stimulations, generated from a device with high voltage and low current output on human osteoblastic cell line have been investigated in this study. We investigated how human osteoblasts responded to an AC electrostatic field, and the output parameters were set as 1 kV and 160 μA. Our results showed that, under such condition, the AC electrostatic field had a downregulation effect on the production ability of alkaline phosphatase and type 1 collagen expression. However, the expression of osteocalcin gene was elevated on the end of EFID treatment suggesting that AC electrostatic field might be a potential stimulation for accelerating the differentiation of osteoblastic cells.
THE EFFECT OF HIBERNATION ON THE LIPIDS OF BRAIN MYELIN AND MICROSOMES IN THE SYRIAN HAMSTER

Abstract— Microsomal and myelin membrane fractions were prepared from the brains of warm‐adapted (room temperature) and hibernating Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). Lipid extracts of these preparations were assayed for phospholipid and galactosphingolipid composition, and for cholesterol levels. In both myelin and microsomes, plasmenlethanolamine levels decreased while total ethanol‐amineglycerophospholipid levels remained constant with hibernation. Cerebroside levels changed slightly, increasing in microsomes while decreasing in myelin. No changes in cholesterol levels were detectable. Fatty acid analyses of microsomal ethanolamineglycerophospholipids and phosphatidylserine showed predominantly increases in 18:1 and 20:4 (n‐6), and decreases in 18:0 and 22:6 (n‐3), in both lipid classes with hibernation. Myelin ethanolamineglycerophospholipids exhibited a decrease in 20:1 and an increase in 20:4 (n‐6). Aldehyde analyses of plasmenylethanolamines revealed a decrease in 16:0 and an increase in 18:1 in microsomes, and an increase in 18:O in myelin. The hydroxylated fatty acids of myelin cerebrosides showed no discernible changes in composition with hibernation. It is proposed that these lipid changes aid in the maintenance of the structure and function of brain membranes at the reduced temperatures encountered during hibernation.
Benefits and Challenges of Architecture Frameworks

Abstract : Architecture frameworks have become a popular means of coping with the complexity of today's enterprises. They support the specification of architectures by providing a method for designing and describing them. An architecture framework typically defines a common terminology, a set of views focusing on particular aspects of the architecture, a set of architecture types with varying levels of detail, and a methodology for the development and maintenance of an architecture and its views. Despite their benefits, the adoption of an architecture framework is nontrivial in practice and does not always meet the expectations of the target audience. There are several reasons for this. First, the semantics of views -- both in terms of what and how -- leaves room for interpretation that must be filled by the architect(s). Second, the definition and maintenance of an architecture involves many different stakeholders and requires a modeling process. Finally, proper tool support is an important aspect when it comes to collaboration and promoting one's findings. Section 1 introduces the concepts of architectures and architecture frameworks. In section 2, the NATO Architecture Framework is described in more detail. In section 3, we list some expectations of the target audience. In the following subsections, we take a closer look at semantic issues regarding the framework itself, organizational aspects, and tool support. The paper concludes with a short summary in section 4. The presentation includes briefinbg charts.
Experimental study of polycrystal growth from an advecting supersaturated fluid in a model fracture

We present real-time observations of polycrystal growth experiments in transmitted light in an accurately controlled flow system with the analogue material alum [KAl(SO4)2AE12H2O]. The aim of the experiments is to obtain a better insight into the evolution of vein microstructures. A first series of experiments shows the evolution of a polycrystal at supersaturations between 0.095 and 0.263. The average growth rate of the crystals is influenced by growth competition and the depletion of the solute along fracture length. Growth competition is controlled by crystallographic orientation, crystal size and crystal location. In addition, the growth rate of an individual crystal facet also shows variations depending on the facet index, facet size and flow velocity. These variations can influence the morphology of the grain boundaries and the microstructures. The aim of the second series of experiments is to investigate the growth evolution of rough/dissolved facets in detail. The growth distance required for the development of facets is around 15 lm. In all the experiments, we observe that the measured growth rates have a much larger range than predicted by alum single-crystal growth kinetics. This is due to the combined effect of the facet index and the crystal size. Furthermore, at high supersaturations, the facet growth rate measurements do not fit the same growth rate equation as for the experiments at lower supersaturations (<0.176). This can be explained by a change in the growth mechanism at high supersaturations with more influence of volume diffusion, relative to advection of the bulk solution on the growth rate. This effect can also cause a more homogeneous sealing pattern over fracture length. At high supersaturations, the larger crystals in these experiments incorporate regularly spaced fluid inclusion bands and we propose that these can be used as an indicator for high palaeo-supersaturation. The final microstructures of the experiments show no asymmetry with respect to the flow direction.
Association between job strain and prevalence of hypertension: a cross sectional analysis in a Japanese working population with a wide range of occupations: the Jichi Medical School cohort study

OBJECTIVES To explore the association between the prevalence of hypertension in a Japanese working population and job strain (a combination of low control over work and high psychological demands), and to estimate this association in different sociodemographic strata. METHODS From a multicentre community based cohort study of Japanese people, sex specific cross sectional analyses were performed on 3187 men and 3400 women under 65 years of age, all of whom were actively engaged in various occupations throughout Japan. The baseline period was 1992–4. The association between job characteristics—measured with a Japanese version of the Karasek demand-control questionnaire—and the prevalence of hypertension defined by blood pressure and from clinical diagnoses were examined. Adjustments were made for possible confounders. The analyses were repeated for stratified categories of occupational class, educational attainment, and age group. RESULTS In men, the level of job strain (the ratio of psychological job demands to job control) correlated with the prevalence of hypertension. In a multiple logistic regression model, job strain was significantly related to hypertension (odds ratio 1.18; 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.32), after adjustment for age, employment (white collarv blue collar), marital status, family history of hypertension, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, and body mass index. The stratified analyses showed significant excess risks in the subordinate groups compared with managers, blue collar workers, less educated workers, and the older age groups. This association was not significant in women. Multiple linear regression analyses, with systolic and diastolic blood pressures as dependent variables, did not show any significant association. CONCLUSIONS The findings provided limited proof that job strain is related to hypertension in Japanese working men. Older men in a lower social class may be more vulnerable to the hypertensive effects of job strain.
Friendship and the Self

Examinant la nature et la valeur de l'amitie caracterisee par une relation d'affection reciproque et profonde et par le desir de partager des experiences, l'A. distingue plusieurs type d'amitie-compagnon en fonction de l'importance de la decouverte de soi dans la construction de l'intimite et dans la relation a autrui. Rejetant la distinction entre l'amitie-mirroir, definie par le rapport a l'autre dans lequel on se reflete soi-meme, et l'amitie-secrets, definie par le rapport a l'autre dans lequel on se revele a soi-meme, l'A. etablit les conditions premieres et terminales de l'amitie en termes de direction et d'interpretation de l'attachement pour autrui; ce qui permet de differencier l'amitie d'autres formes de relations personnelles
Biped walking with stretched knee based on inverse kinematics via virtual prismatic joint and l∞ preview control

In this paper, we propose novel inverse kinematics via virtual prismatic joints in order to achieve biped walking with one stretched knee. We aim for the realization of smooth biped walking with one stretched knee by using the inverse kinematics via virtual prismatic joints and l∞ preview control. By simulation, we show the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Prediction of land use/land cover change methods: A study

Prediction of Land use and cover change using remotely sensed imagery has attracted huge attention. From several decades, multiple researchers have investigated different approaches. The complex nature of the land use change process, due to human-nature interactions and the singularities of satellite images, demands a well-studied approach. Yet, a synthesis document is needed to provide a synthetic director paper combining the proposed and/or used models, their advantages and drawbacks. Hence, such studies are required to face the huge demands of land cover changes prediction needs. Therefore, this paper presents a review of prediction models used for land cover change variability purposes. A classification scheme is proposed to enable better specification of current forecasting models.
On-Resistance Degradation Induced by Hot-Carrier Injection in LDMOS Transistors With STI in the Drift Region

In this letter, on-resistance (<i>R</i> <sub>on</sub>) degradation induced by hot-carrier injection in n-type lateral DMOS transistors with shallow-trench isolation (STI) in the drift region is investigated. <i>R</i> <sub>on</sub> decreases at the beginning of stress, but <i>R</i> <sub>on</sub> increases as the stress time is increased. Experimental data and technology computer-aided-design simulation results reveal that hot-hole injection and trapping at the STI corner closest to the channel are responsible for the <i>R</i> <sub>on</sub> reduction. The damage caused by hot-electron injection at the STI edge closest to the drain is responsible for the <i>R</i> <sub>on</sub> increase.
THE VASCULAR CONTRIBUTION TO OSTEOGENESIS. V. THE VASCULATURE SUPPLYING THE EPIPHYSIAL CARTILAGE IN RACHITIC RATS.

1. It has been shown that in experimental rickets the well known changes in the epiphysial cartilage which so seriously affect growth are accompanied by severe interference with the progress of the metaphysial vessels into the growth cartilage. 2. Further evidence has been found that, by the repeated increase in their number, the cartilage cells occupying the more distal part of the proliferative segment become more and more affected by their remoteness from the epiphysial vessels, which supply the transudates to these cells. At a given distance these cells are affected and change, becoming hypertrophic, with increasingly large vacuolae, and are rich in glycogen and alkaline phosphatase. 3. The hypertrophic cells alter the nature of the intercellular substance they deposit and this becomes calcifiable. Provided that the metaphysial vessels are situated at an appropriate distance—about three cell capsules away—and that the blood has its necessary components, calcification occurs. 4. Calcification produces the advancing, rigid multitubular structure within which the progressing metaphysial vessels are protected. 5. The interruption of calcification by the withdrawal of fat-soluble vitamins breaks down the whole mechanism of growth and stops the vessels growing into their proper position. The administration of the required vitamins re-establishes the normal sequence of events and allows the vessels to play their decisive role in osteogenesis. 6. Any mechanism which causes the interruption of the vascular progression, whether from metaphysial ischaemia (Trueta and Amato 1960), from severe pressure (Trueta and Trias 1961) or from lack of calcification by withdrawing the fat-soluble vitamins, equally interrupts growth.
The Theory of the Novel: A Historico-Philosophical Essay on the Forms of Great Epic Literature

Georg Lukacs wrote The Theory of the Novel in 1914-1915, a period that also saw the conception of Rosa Luxemburg's Spartacus Letters, Lenin's Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism, Spengler's Decline of the West, and Ernst Bloch's Spirit of Utopia. Like many of Lukacs's early essays, it is a radical critique of bourgeois culture and stems from a specific Central European philosophy of life and tradition of dialectical idealism whose originators include Kant, Hegel, Novalis, Marx, Kierkegaard, Simmel, Weber, and Husserl. The Theory of the Novel marks the transition of the Hungarian philosopher from Kant to Hegel and was Lukacs's last great work before he turned to Marxism-Leninism.
Positional dependence on primary radiator of metal plate lens antenna

In this paper, positional dependence on primary radiator of metal plate lens antenna is studied. A focal distance of the lens was derived to be 129 cm by using geometrical optics. By arranging the lens in front of a horn antenna, the gain was improved from 18 dBi to 26 dBi. Then the antenna characteristics were evaluated when the distance between the antenna and the lens changes. As the results, the changes of the antenna gain were within 1 dB with the reduction of the distance of 10 λ0. The phase and field intensity of electromagnetic wave are evaluated to clarify the foundation of given characteristics.
Crystalloid administration during trauma resuscitation: Does less really equal more?

BACKGROUND Current direction in trauma resuscitation includes emphasis on minimizing crystalloid, along with early transfusion of blood products. Although evidence suggests that higher crystalloid volume during the first 24 hours is associated with negative outcomes, the effect of crystalloid administration during initial resuscitation remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the ratio of crystalloid to packed red blood cells (C/PRBCs) infused during initial emergency department resuscitation on pulmonary morbidity and mortality. METHODS Over 6.5 years at a Level 1 trauma center, prospective data were collected on patients that received more than 1 PRBC unit in the resuscitation room. C/PRBC was defined as the ratio of crystalloid infused in liters to the units of PRBCs transfused in the resuscitation room. Patients were stratified by high ratio (>0.75) versus low ratio (<0.75). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined for the association between C/PRBC group and outcomes, namely, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), 24-hour mortality, and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS A total of 383 patients met study criteria: 192 (50%) in the high-ratio and 191 (50%) in the low-ratio group. Variables associated with in-hospital mortality were Injury Severity Score (ISS) (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03–1.07), admission base excess (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90–0.98), and time in the resuscitation room (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00–1.03). Variables associated with 24-hour mortality were ISS (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02–1.06) and base excess (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91–1.00). Only ISS (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.07) was associated with ARDS. ARDS (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.75–2.73), 24-hour mortality (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.49–1.63), and in-hospital mortality (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.52–1.53) were not associated with C/PRBC. CONCLUSION In this cohort of patients receiving PRBC in the resuscitation room, factors related primarily to injury severity were associated with pulmonary morbidity and mortality, but C/PRBC was not. Pertaining to initial resuscitation, the purported benefit of crystalloid limitation was not observed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic study, level IV; prognostic study, level III.
Machine learning for BCI: towards analysing cognition

This article discusses machine learning and BCI with a focus on analysing cognition, a topic that has been extensively covered by the author and co-workers in numerous papers and conference papers. Due to the review character of the presentation, a high overlap with the above-mentioned contributions is unavoidable. When analysing cognition, it is often useful to combine information from various modalities (see e.g. Biessmann et al., 2011, Sui et al., 2012). In BCI recently multimodal fusion concepts have received great attention under the label hybrid BCI (Pfurtscheller et al., 2010, Müller-Putz et al. 2015, Dähne et al. 2015, Fazli et al. 2015) or as data analysis technique for extracting (non-) linear relations between data (see e.g. Biessmann et al., 2010, Biessmann et al., 2011, Fazli et al., 2009, 2011, 2012, Dähne et al., 2013, 2014a,b, 2015, Winkler et al. 2015). They are rooted in the modern machine learning and signal processing techniques that are now available for analysing EEG, for decoding mental states etc. (see Müller et al. 2008, Bünau et al. 2009, Tomioka and Müller, 2010, Blankertz et al., 2008, 2011, Lemm et al., 2011, Porbadnigk et al. 2015 for recent reviews and contributions to Machine Learning for BCI, see Samek et al. 2014 for a review on robust methods). Note that fusing information has also been a very common practice in the sciences and engineering (Waltz and Llinas, 1990). The talk will discuss a number of recent contributions from the BBCI group that have helped to broaden the spectrum of applicability for Brain Computer Interfaces and mental state monitoring in particular and for analysis of neuroimaging data in general. I will introduce a novel reliable method for estimating the Hurst exponent, a quantity that has recently become popular for describing network properties and is being used for diagnostic purposes (cf. Blythe et al. 2014). It is applied to estimate and analyse cognitive properties in neurophysiological data from BCI experiments (Samek et al. 2016). Furthermore if time permits I will discuss a recent attractive application of BCI in the context of video coding (Scholler et al. 2012 and Acqualagna et al 2015).
An Online System for Detecting Bending in a Pallet Car

Image processing techniques are widely used to detect defects in industrial equipment. In this paper, an online system is presented to detect bending in pallet cars of a travelling grate conveyor used in sintering machines. If bending in several pallet cars exceeds a specified limit, it can stop the production line. Therefore, an early and precise diagnosis is required. The system consists of a camera in a specific position to monitor the pallet cars and provide an online video. A method is presented to detect and extract an appropriate image of a pallet car from this video. The image is then processed to detect bending of the pallet car’s middle frame and measure the degree of bending. Particularly, edge detection methods and Hough transform are used to locate and measure the curvature. The experimental results show a precision of 98% and a recall of 100% for the detection method.
Declining trend in transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 in Amsterdam

Objective: Symptomatic primary HIV infections are over-represented in the mainly hospital-based studies on transmission of resistant HIV-1. We examined a more general population for the prevalence of resistant HIV-1 strains among primary infections. Design: From 1994 to 2002 primary infections were identified within the Amsterdam Cohort Studies (ACS) among homosexual men and drug users, and at the Academic Medical Center (AMC). Whereas primary HIV-1-infected AMC patients, often presented with symptoms of acute retroviral syndrome, ACS participants largely seroconverted during follow-up and thus brought also asymptomatic primary infections to our study. Methods: Reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease sequences were obtained by population-based nucleotide sequence analysis of the first HIV RNA-positive sample available. Subtypes were identified by phylogenetic analysis. Mutations were identified based on the IAS–USA resistance table. Results: A total of 100 primary HIV-1 infections were identified (32 AMC and 68 ACS). Transmission of drug-resistant strains decreased over calendar time, with 20% [95% confidence interval (CI), 10–34%] of infections bearing drug-resistant mutations before 1998 versus only 6% (95% CI, 1–17%) after 1998. No multi-drug resistance pattern was observed. The median plasma HIV-1 RNA level of the first RNA positive sample was significantly lower for the individuals infected with a resistant strain versus those infected with wild-type, suggesting a fitness-cost to resistance. Four of seven non-B subtypes corresponded with the prevalent subtype in the presumed country of infection, and none showed resistance mutations. Conclusions: The transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 strains in Amsterdam has decreased over time. Monitoring should be continued as this trend might change.
Acquisition of NFKB1-selective DNA binding by substitution of four amino acid residues from NFKB1 into RelA

The subunits of NF-kappa B, NFKB1 (formerly p50) and RelA (formerly p65), belong to a growing family of transcription factors that share extensive similarity to the c-rel proto-oncogene product. The homology extends over a highly conserved stretch of approximately 300 amino acids termed the Rel homology domain (RHD). This region has been shown to be involved in both multimerization (homo- and heterodimerization) and DNA binding. It is now generally accepted that homodimers of either subunit are capable of binding DNA that contains a kappa B site originally identified in the immunoglobulin enhancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that the individual subunits of the NF-kappa B transcription factor complex can be distinguished by their ability to bind distinct DNA sequence motifs. By using NFKB1 and RelA subunit fusion proteins, different regions within the RHD were found to confer DNA-binding and multimerization functions. A fusion protein that contains 34 N-terminal amino acids of NFKB1 and 264 amino acids of RelA displayed preferential binding to an NFKB1-selective DNA motif while dimerizing with the characteristics of RelA. Within the NFKB1 portion of this fusion protein, a single amino acid change of His to Arg altered the DNA-binding specificity to favor interaction with the RelA-selective DNA motif. Furthermore, substitution of four amino acids from NFKB1 into RelA was able to alter the DNA-binding specificity of the RelA protein to favor interaction with the NFKB1-selective site. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the presence of a distinct subdomain within the RHD involved in conferring the DNA-binding specificity of the Rel family of proteins.