Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microcontroller Based Variable Frequency Power Inverter

Induction motors are being used in greater numbers throughout a wide variety of industrial and commercial applications because it provides many benefits and reliable device to convert the electrical energy into mechanical motion. In some applications, it's desired to control the speed of the induction motor. Because of the physics of the induction motor the preferred method of controlling its speed is to vary the frequency of the AC voltage driving the motor. In recent years, with the microcontroller incorporated into an appliance, it becomes possible to use it to generate the variable frequency AC voltage to control the speed of the induction motor. This study investigates the microcontroller based variable frequency power inverter. The microcontroller provides the variable frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) signal that controls the applied voltage on the gate drive, which provides the required PWM frequency with less harmonics at the output of the power inverter. The fully controlled bridge voltage source inverter has been implemented with semiconductors power devices isolated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and the PWM technique has been employed in this inverter to supply the motor with AC voltage. The proposed drive system for three & single phase power inverter is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. The Matlab simulation results of the proposed system were achieved with different SPWM. From the result, a stable variable frequency inverter over wide range has been obtained and a good agreement has been found between the simulation and hardware of a microcontroller based single phase inverter.
Covariance Regularization for Supervised Learning in High Dimensions

This paper studies the effect of covariance regularization for classific ation of high-dimensional data. This is done by fitting a mixture of Gaussians with a regularized covariance matrix to each class. Three data sets are ch osen to suggest the results are applicable to any domain with high-dimensiona l data. The regularization needs of the data when pre-processed using th e dimensionality reduction techniques principal component analysis (PCA) a nd random projection are also compared. Observations include that using a large amount of covariance regularization consistently provides classification ccuracy as good if not better than using little or no covariance regularization . The results also indicate that random projection complements covariance r egularization.
An Iterative Receiver for the Partial

This paper describes the operation of an iterative receiver for use on partial response (PR) channels. The data is convolutionally encoded and interleaved before being transmitted across the channel. An iterative receiver based on the turbo decoding principle is used to recover the data. Analysis and simulations connrm the exceptional performance of the receiver, with complexity independent of the memory of the channel.
Would humans without language be apes

The bedrock of comparative psychology of cognition, especially where nonhuman primates are concerned, rests on Darwin's famous account according to which continuity would be the main trait leading from the animal to the human mind. This idea was popularized through the statement in which Darwin postulated only quantitative differences between humans and the other species, namely "the difference in mind between man and the higher animals, great as it is, certainly is one of degree and not of kind" (Darwin, 1871, p. 128).
A Research about Traffic Safety Character of two-lane highway in Plain Area Basing on Random-effect negative binomial model

This paper reviews the studies which have been performed in two-lane highway traffic safety research, and select random-effect negative binomial model to illustrate the traffic safety character of two-lane highway in plain area. More than 1380 kilometers(about 56 highways) two-lane highways in Beijing and Shandong province are investigated and the traffic safety data are collected, such as accident data, geometric data and roadside data. The highways are divided into 1772 segments. The result shows that the random-effect negative binomial model provides a better result than basic model. It is also illustrated that percent of motorcycle in traffic, the percent of truck in traffic, whole driveway density of the highway where the segment is involved, the percent of village length in a highway, driveway density of each sample are associated with higher total accident occurrence, and the width of road surface, the percent of bicycle in traffic tend to point to lower total accident occurrence.
A fuzzy ARTMAP based high impedance arc fault detection scheme

This paper presents the application of fuzzy ARTMAP to investigate a long outstanding problem of arc type fault detection in electric systems, distribution systems, process industries and mining. With the recent increase in the use of nonlinear type loads, power semiconductor converters and possible harmonic series and parallel resonance conditions in power system and the consequent increase in the total harmonic distortion (THD), it is very difficult to use a simple relay based only a single harmonic component for HIF arc fault detection. In this paper, a collection of dominant key harmonic signals forms the basis for a dasiafeaturepsila or dasiadiagnosticpsila vector instead of a single dominant harmonic signal. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to transform the HIF arc faults from the time domain to the frequency domain. A novel Feature Vector comprising the 3rd and 5th harmonics of the voltage, current and power signals is developed.
Media Framing Of U.S. Health Care Reform: A New Era Or Reinforcing Dominant Ideologies Of Health And The Health Care System?

March 2010 marked the passage of historic health care reform legislation, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). The partisan showdown that surrounded the introduction of health care reform, through its passage, captivated the public and dominated news coverage. The media undoubtedly influenced public opinion about key areas of contention as well as policymakersr support or opposition to the ACA. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate how mainstream newspapers framed health care reform from the time that the first version of the ACA was introduced by the Senate Finance Committee through passage of the final legislation. As a highly charged political issue, it is likely that competing frames were emphasized (Chong & Druckman, 2007a; 2007b). A content analysis of 475 articles from seven topncirculating U.S. newspapers was conducted to document the prevalence of competing frames in the following seven domains: (1) the determinants of health; (2) the nature of health care; (3) entitlement to health care; (4) key beneficiaries of health care reform; (5) expense of health care reform; (6) consequences of governmental involvement in health care; and (7) public support for health care reform (limited vs. nearly universal). Support for reform was primarily framed as a health insurance market intervention that would benefit nearly everyone, improve the health care system, and lower costs, whereas, opposition to reform was predominantly described as a costly lgovernmentr takeover that would burden individuals and businesses and decrease the quality. Supportive frames about the ACArs key beneficiaries commonly co-occurred with opposing frames about reform increasing costs. Notably absent were conceptualizations of health care as a human right or public good, even among reform supporters. Future research directions for scholars committed to health care as a matter of social justice are outlined.
Heritability of changes in brain volume over time in twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia.

CONTEXT Structural brain abnormalities have consistently been found in schizophrenia, with increased familial risk for the disease associated with these abnormalities. Some brain volume changes are progressive over the course of the illness. Whether these progressive brain volume changes are mediated by genetic or disease-related factors is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether genetic and/or environmental factors are associated with progressive brain volume changes in schizophrenia. DESIGN Longitudinal 5-year follow-up in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia and healthy comparison twin pairs using brain magnetic resonance imaging. SETTING Participants were recruited from the twin pair cohort at the University Medical Center Utrecht. PARTICIPANTS A total of 92 participants completed the study: 9 MZ and 10 DZ twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia and 14 MZ and 13 DZ healthy twin pairs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percentage volume changes of the whole brain; cerebral gray and white matter of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes; cerebellum; and lateral and third ventricles over time between and within twin pairs were compared using repeated measures analysis of covariance. Structural equation modeling was applied to estimate contributions of additive genetic and common and unique environmental factors. RESULTS Significant decreases over time in whole brain and frontal and temporal lobe volumes were found in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected co-twins compared with control twins. Bivariate structural equation modeling using cross-trait/cross-twin correlations revealed significant additive genetic influences on the correlations between schizophrenia liability and progressive whole brain (66%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 51%-100%), frontal lobe (76%; 95% CI, 54%-100%), and temporal lobe (79%; CI, 56%-100%) volume change. CONCLUSION The progressive brain volume loss found in patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected co-twins is at least partly attributable to genetic factors related to the illness.
Normalized Spectral Map Synchronization

The algorithmic advancement of synchronizing maps is important in order to solve a wide range of practice problems with possible large-scale dataset. In this paper, we provide theoretical justifications for spectral techniques for the map synchronization problem, i.e., it takes as input a collection of objects and noisy maps estimated between pairs of objects, and outputs clean maps between all pairs of objects. We show that a simple normalized spectral method that projects the blocks of the top eigenvectors of a data matrix to the map space leads to surprisingly good results. As the noise is modelled naturally as random permutation matrix, this algorithm NormSpecSync leads to competing theoretical guarantees as state-of-the-art convex optimization techniques, yet it is much more efficient. We demonstrate the usefulness of our algorithm in a couple of applications, where it is optimal in both complexity and exactness among existing methods.
Estimation of Diffusion Processes From Incomplete Data A Simulation Study

Event-history analysis of the diffusion of practices in a social system can show how actors are influenced by each other as well as by their own characteristics. The presumption that complete data on the entire population are essential to draw valid inferences about diffusion processes has been a major limitation in empirical analyses and has precluded diffusion studies in large populations. The authors examine the impacts of several forms of incomplete data on estimation of the heterogeneous diffusion model proposed by Strang and Tuma. Left censoring causes bias, but right censoring leads to no noteworthy problems. Extensive time aggregation biases estimates of intrinsic propensities but not cross-case influences. Importantly, random sampling can yield good results on diffusion processes if there are supplementary data on influential cases outside the sample. The capability of obtaining good estimates from sampled diffusion histories should help to advance research on diffusion.
From group diffusion to ratio bias: Effects of denominator and numerator salience on intuitive risk and likelihood judgments

The group-diffusion effect is the tendency for people to judge themselves to be less likely to experience a negative outcome as the total number of people exposed to the threat increases — even when the probability of the outcome is explicitly presented (Yamaguchi, 1998). In Experiment 1 we replicated this effect for two health threat scenarios using a variant of Yamaguchi’s original experimental paradigm. In Experiment 2, we showed that people also judge themselves to be less likely to be selected in a lottery as the number of people playing the lottery increases. In Experiment 3, we showed that explicitly presenting the number of people expected to be selected eliminates the group-diffusion effect, and in Experiment 4 we showed that presenting the number expected to be affected by a health threat without presenting the total number exposed to the threat produces a reverse effect. We propose, therefore, that the group-diffusion effect is related to the ratio bias. Both effects occur when people make risk or likelihood judgments based on information presented as a ratio. The difference is that the group-diffusion effect occurs when the denominator of the relevant ratio is more salient than the numerator, while the ratio bias occurs when the numerator is more salient than the denominator.
Ram pressure stripping of disk galaxies in galaxy clusters

While galaxies move through the intracluster medium of their host cluster, they experience a ram pressure which removes at least a significant part of their interstellar medium. This ram pressure stripping appears to be especially important for spiral galaxies: this scenario is a good candidate to explain the differences observed between cluster spirals in the nearby universe and their field counterparts. Thus, ram pressure stripping of disk galaxies in clusters has been studied intensively during the last decade. I review advances made in this area, concentrating on theoretical work, but continuously comparing to observations (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Noisy Best Response in Coordination Games

In an environment with strategic interaction, multiple equilibria yields a coordination problem and strategic uncertainty, even in the idealized setting of complete information. The resulting disequilibrium of beliefs leads to coordination failure, as demonstrated by many experiments. This paper examines two such coordination problems: the threshold game with a unitary public good and the market entry game with a finite capacity. I employ logit quantal response equilibrium to explicitly model strategic uncertainty and coordination failure. The model predicts that uncertainty generated by noisy best responders has greater influence on group-level outcomes than payoff uncertainty when agents are highly boundedly rational. I conduct a two-by-two experiment for each game and estimate the logit parameter, varying group size and information. The dominance of strategic uncertainty bears out empirically, and the logit equilibrium is able to capture certain group size and player type treatment effects, upon which standard theory is silent. J.E. L. Codes: C73, C92, D03, H41
The Recent Performance of the Traditional Measure of Core Inflation in G7 Countries

This paper undertakes an empirical investigation concerning the performance of the traditional measure of core inflation in recent years. It considers the group of G7 countries and explores both the high-frequency and the low-frequency relations between overall inflation and core inflation. It shows that the traditional core measure, obtained by subtracting from the overall index those components which exhibit high volatility and which are responsible for the short-run variability of inflation, is a reliable indicator of trend inflation for a group of countries including the US, Canada and Japan. Innovation accounting shows that for the three countries the transitory shock, i.e., the total inflation shock, has limited persistence and hence there is a relatively quick convergence of overall inflation to its trend component.
Qualitative Research in Epidemiology

By using integrated knowledge from natural sciences with insights from population sciences and the humanities and social sciences, qualitative research has been gaining a greater influence both in the development of epidemiology (Daly et al., 2007; Lloyd, 2000; Long & Eskin, 1995) and in the organization and delivery of healthcare (Shuval et al., 2011). In spite of the growing acceptance of qualitative methods in health sciences, most biomedical scientists have tended to devalue the contributions of interpretative research methods (Albert et al., 2008).
Analyzing distributed whiteboard interactions

We present the digital whiteboard system Tele-Board, which automatically captures all interactions made on the all-digital whiteboard and thus offers possibilities for a fast interpretation of usage characteristics. Analyzing team work at whiteboards is a time-consuming and error-prone process if manual interpretation techniques are applied. In a case study, we demonstrate how to conduct and analyze whiteboard experiments with the help of our system. The study investigates the role of video compared to an audio-only connection for distributed work settings. With the simplified analysis of communication data, we can prove that the video teams were more active than the audio teams and the distribution of whiteboard interaction between team members was more balanced. In this way, automatic analyses can not only support manual observations and codings, but also give insights that cannot be achieved with other systems.
A Biogeography-Based Optimization Algorithm Hybridized with Tabu Search for the Quadratic Assignment Problem

The quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem with a wide variety of applications. Biogeography-based optimization (BBO), a relatively new optimization technique based on the biogeography concept, uses the idea of migration strategy of species to derive algorithm for solving optimization problems. It has been shown that BBO provides performance on a par with other optimization methods. A classical BBO algorithm employs the mutation operator as its diversification strategy. However, this process will often ruin the quality of solutions in QAP. In this paper, we propose a hybrid technique to overcome the weakness of classical BBO algorithm to solve QAP, by replacing the mutation operator with a tabu search procedure. Our experiments using the benchmark instances from QAPLIB show that the proposed hybrid method is able to find good solutions for them within reasonable computational times. Out of 61 benchmark instances tested, the proposed method is able to obtain the best known solutions for 57 of them.
Stochastic theory of a data-handling system with multiple sources

In this paper we consider a physical model in which a buffer receives messages from a finite number of statistically independent and identical information sources that asynchronously alternate between exponentially distributed periods in the ‘on’ and ‘off’ states. While on, a source transmits at a uniform rate. The buffer depletes through an output channel with a given maximum rate of transmission. This model is useful for a data-handling switch in a computer network. The equilibrium buffer distribution is described by a set of differential equations, which are analyzed herein. The mathematical results render trivial the computation of the distribution and its moments and thus also the waiting time moments. The main result explicitly gives all the system's eigenvalues. While the insertion of boundary conditions requires the solution of a matrix equation, even this step is eliminated since the matrix inverse is given in closed form. Finally, the simple expression given here for the asymptotic behavior of buffer content is insightful, for purposes of design, and numerically useful. Numerical results for a broad range of system parameters are presented graphically.
Finding People and Documents, Using Web 2.0 Data

Given a user’s free-text query, search engines return a ranked list of documents that are likely to be helpful to the user. In this research, we propose a simple yet highly eﬀective technique for also providing a ranked list of related people to every search. The list of people related to the query is calculated at search time using an enhanced faceted search engine, based on person-document relationships mined from several Web 2.0 applications (such as blogs and social book-marks) in the intranet of a large enterprise. Our hypothesis is that the related people we retrieve for a query are people who have special interest in the query’s topic, and thus may be useful to the person making this query. We conducted a large user study with over 600 people to conﬁrm this hypothesis.
ON THE SYMMETRY AND UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTIONS OF THE GINZBURG–LANDAU EQUATIONS FOR SMALL DOMAINS

In this paper, we study the Ginzburg–Landau equations for a two dimensional domain which has small size. We prove that if the domain is small, then the solution has no zero, that is no vortex. More precisely, we show that the order parameter Ψ is almost constant. Additionnally, we obtain that if the domain is a disc of small radius, then any non normal solution is symmetric and unique. Then, in the case of a slab, that is a one dimensional domain, we use the same method to derive that solutions are symmetric. The proofs use a priori estimates and the Poincare inequality.
The Impact of Currency Derivative Usage and Earnings Management on Firm Value

Firm managers can use financial hedging (real actions) or earnings management (artificial techniques) to buffer economic shocks, such as exchange rate fluctuations, to their firm's operating performance. This study investigates the potential impact of foreign currency derivative (FCD) usage and earnings management (EM) on firm value. Using a sample of S&P 500 non-financial firms from 2001 to 2003, we find that there is a significantly positive impact of FCD usage on firm market value. The premium from currency hedging is about 11% of firm value. On the other hand, the contribution of earnings management on firm value only shows for small firms, which tend to be associated with greater information asymmetry. A further exploration of the value increasing mechanism indicates that FCD usage indeed increases firm value through its hedging effect on firm exchange rate exposure. However, the same conclusion does not apply to earnings management. 2
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3

This document specifies Version 1.2 of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The TLS protocol provides communications security over the Internet. The protocol allows client/server applications to communicate in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, or message forgery. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Evaluating Adaptation Behavior of Adaptive Systems

With the advent of new computing paradigms, such as Ubiquitous Computing, Ambient Intelligence, and Cyber Physical Systems, promising application domains like Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) and Car2Car have emerged. One key concern in these application domains is that systems are required to dynamically adapt in reaction to changes within the system or its environment. As a consequence, it is indispensable to incorporate corresponding facilities within systems, yielding adequate adaptation behavior to appropriately react on such dynamic changes. The definition of adaptation behavior is, however, a complex task in its own. In order to help engineers working on adaptive systems, we propose in this paper a generic testbed that allows specifying adaptation strategies and evaluating them in a runtime context to improve the adaptation behavior. Our approach further introduces basic visualization features as a means for the engineers to better evaluate the complex dynamic behavior resulting from runtime adaptation.