Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Informatique, numérique et système d’information : définitions, périmètres, enjeux économiques

Les systemes d’information constituent un enjeu strategique majeur pour les organisations. Ils representent, selon les secteurs economiques, le premier poste de depense : de 20% a 100% du budget annuel de fonctionnement, soit 20 fois plus que le simple budget informatique. Pour autant, l’immense majorite des decideurs ignore ces montants du fait d’une comptabilite « verticalisee » construite historiquement pour mieux maitriser les depenses par grande fonction. Ainsi, il est devenu fondamental de definir clairement : « information », « informatique », « numerique » et « systeme d’information » pour mieux en comprendre les enjeux economiques et donner des elements tangibles a nos decideurs en vue d’en optimiser leur usage et pilotage au profit de la competitivite d’entreprise.
Yield improvement of the sea lice MY32/Cr novel antigen production and IgM immune response characterization in Oreochromis niloticus as a model

Sea lice cause over 300 million € annual losses in salmon aquaculture-leading countries and most treatments consist of chemicals, with their limitations regarding the generation of parasite resistance, environmental damage and high costs. Researches about fish vaccines against sea lice as a method for controlling parasites have been accomplished; however there is no commercial vaccine available up to date against this pest. It could be due to an insufficient immunological and protective response of the selected antigen or to the lack of appropriate/suitable process for its production with commercial perspectives. Previously, the gene coding for the akirin protein of Caligus rogercresseyi (MY32/Cr) was cloned. It was produced recombinant in Escherichia coli and it showed 57 % of protection in a vaccination-challenge experiment against sea lice infestation in salmon. In the present study, the MY32/Cr yield was improved up to four fold in fermentation process by testing different culture media. It was also studied the effect of this novel antigen, for a potential vaccine, on humoral immune response of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). It was observed that the immunization with MY32/Cr elicited a statistically significant IgM antibody response after a double injection of the recombinant protein. The process obtained is a suitable method, an essential tool as a first step to produce this recombinant antigen at commercial scale. The results suggest that the MY32/Cr protein may be used as a target to be tested in salmon, for developing of a vaccine to control sea lice infestations in fish; and that the administration of a single booster dose could be useful to improve antibody response.
CHiME 4 : Multichannel Enhancement Using Beamforming Driven by DNN-based Voice Activity Detection

In this work, we focus on methods for enhancing the sixchannel CHiME4 data using beamforming that is driven by voice activity detectors (VAD). We propose two beamformers and two VADs that are based on trained deep neural networks (DNN). Their combinations are compared when used as frontends whose outputs are forwarded to the baseline automatic speech recognition system. Results in term of Word-Error-Rate (WER) achieved when the acoustic model of the baseline is or is not adapted for the given front-end (re-trained on enhanced training sets) are reported.
La clase creativa. Una aproximación a la realidad española

The notion of the Creative Class and its interpretation of creativity, developed by Richard Florida (2002), have opened an important avenue of research and controversy in the international sociological scene. In this paper, we apply Florida’s measurements to the case of Spain by measuring the three indicators that build creativity (technology, talent and tolerance), each of which is also composed of three sub-indicators. The data are disaggregated by regions and provinces.
Pacemaker activity in septal structures of canine colonic circular muscle.

Morphological and electrophysiological experiments were performed to characterize the pacemaker areas of the circular muscle in the canine proximal colon. Morphological studies showed interstitial cells of Cajal lining the submucosal surface of the circular layer and the septal structures that separate the circular layer into bundles. Electrical measurements suggested that slow waves may propagate into the thickness of the circular muscle in a regenerative manner along the surface of these septa. Removal of the submucosal pacemaker region blocked generation of slow waves in nonseptal regions of the circular muscle, but slow-wave activity continued in the circular muscle near septa. These data suggest that slow-wave pacemaker activity is not limited to a two-dimensional surface at the submucosal surface but extends into the interior of the circular layer along septal invaginations. Experiments were also performed to determine the dominance of pacemaker activity (i.e., septal vs. submucosal), and examples were found in which both areas appeared to initiate slow waves in intact muscles. Other studies showed that slow waves could propagate across septa, suggesting some form of electrical coupling between circular muscle bundles. This study provides a more complete view of the structure and function of pacemaker areas in the canine proximal colon.
Sources , Detectors and Receivers Semiconductor , Superconductor and Other Two-Beam Instability for THz Radiation Source

Theoretical study and digital calculations on the z two beams instability in a cylindrical waveguide by a finite axial 0 magnetic field for THz radiation source have been given in the paper. In our approach the electron beams are considered the 15 moving non-neutralized plasma and the surface current due to 9, g_ 0" the ripple of electron beams are taken into consideration in the 10analysis of beam-wave interactions. With the boundary 4 t conditions, the dispersion equation was obtained and solved 2 numerically. The results show that under certain conditions, THz radiation may be achieved. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 400 410 42 40 450 460 470 480 490
NEWT - A resilient BSP framework for Iterative algorithms on hadoop YARN

The importance of fault tolerance for parallel computing is ever increasing. The mean time between failures (MTBF) is predicted to decrease significantly for future highly parallel systems. At the same time, the current trend to use commodity hardware to reduce the cost of clusters puts pressure on users to ensure fault tolerance of their applications. Cloud-based resources are one of the environments where the latter holds true. When it comes to embarrassingly parallel data-intensive algorithms, MapReduce has gone a long way in ensuring users can easily utilize these resources without the fear of losing work. However, this does not apply to iterative communication-intensive algorithms common in the scientific computing domain. In this work we propose a new programming model inspired by Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP), for creating a new fault tolerant distributed computing framework. We strive to retain the advantages that MapReduce provides, yet efficiently support a larger assortment of algorithms, such as the aforementioned iterative ones. The model adopts an approach similar to continuation passing for implementing parallel algorithms and facilitates fault tolerance inherent in the BSP program structure. Based on the model we created a distributed computing framework - NEWT, which we describe and use to validate the approach.
Habit Formation in Twitter

The concept of habit has been receiving a lot of attention among Information Systems (IS) researchers. In recent years, we have witnessed a considerable progress in the conceptualization and operationalization of IS habit. However, little theoretical and empirical attention has been given to the formation of IS habit. To fill this gap, this paper builds and tests a theoretical model investigating the factors affecting the formation of habit in the context of Twitter. An online survey was conducted and data from 167 respondents were analyzed using PLS. The results showed that satisfaction, frequency of past behaviour, and convenience were important in determining habitual use of Twitter. In addition, social presence had significant impact on user satisfaction with Twitter. This paper concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications.
E 1 Analysing Iterative Machine Learning Algorithms with In formation Geometric Methods

Research Associate (level A, step 6) The research associate is essential for adequate progress on the project. We expect the RA to be involved in both aspects of the project (theoretical and algorithmic), depending to an extent on the background of the person we manage to recruit. We have asked for level A step 6 which is the lowest level of appointment the ANU makes for someone with a PhD. The salary for that position would be topped up with a market loading by RSISE because of the huge starting salaries offered in the machine learning field ($100,000US/yr for PhD graduates is not uncommon). We have built in standard annual increments. Programmer (ANU06) Although the majority of the work in this project will be theoretical the eventual goals are practical ones — the development of improved learning algorithms. In order to make honest assessments of the algorithms, and more significantly to attempt their deployment on a range of practical problems, we will need the use of a part-time programmer. We are asking for a programmer for 5 days a month at ANU06 level. This is at a salary that is typically commanded by a good programmer of the sort we seek (we are looking to final year computer science students who would be interested in this sort of part-time work). PhD Scholarships Machine learning is an attractive area for PhD students and we expect to be able to make considerable use of at least two students on this project. Their presence is necessary in order to make satisfactory progress on the range of topics to be investigated. We have used the standard ARC figure for a cost. Note that RSISE will provide $8000 top-up per year in order to better attract high quality candidates. Equipment We have sought funds to provide a standard desktop computing environment for the RA and the programmer(s) (a total of two machines will suffice). We used a figure of $2000 each based on our recent experience in sourcing suitable machines for other projects. (There is little point in getting a quote now because of the rapidity of change; $2000 is a modest figure.) The university provides such facilties for the CIs, but it does not factor provision of such things to staff appointed on specific research grants. We have also sought $2000/yr for maintenance of existing computing equipment (our Beowulf cluster) (a consequence of using …
Connecting curves for dynamical systems

We introduce one-dimensional sets to help describe and constrain the integral curves of an n-dimensional dynamical system. These curves provide more information about the system than zero-dimensional sets (fixed points). In fact, these curves pass through the fixed points. Connecting curves are introduced using two different but equivalent definitions, one from dynamical systems theory, the other from differential geometry. We describe how to compute these curves and illustrate their properties by showing the connecting curves for a number of dynamical systems.
MaramaTatau: Extending a Domain Specific Visual Language Meta Tool with a Declarative Constraint Mechanism

It is increasingly common to use metatools to specify and generate domain specific visual language tools. A common problem for such metatools is specification of model level behaviours, such as constraints and dependencies. These often need to be specified using conventional code in the form of event handlers or the like. We report our experience in integrating a declarative constraint/dependency specification mechanism into a domain specific visual language metatool, focussing on the tradeoffs we have made in the notational design and environmental support used. The expressive power of the mechanism developed is illustrated by a substantial case study where we have redeveloped a complex visual tool for architectural modelling, eliminating conventional event handlers.
GSK-3β expression after treatment of glial cells with lithium and Maria lithium mineral water from Malnas-Bai

Objective: To investigate the influence of lithium mineral waters and lithium salts upon the expression of GSK-3β in glial cells. Materials and methods: Mixed glial cultures were prepared from neonatal Wistar rat cortex. Cultures derived from neonatal rat forebrain develop with a monolayer or large flat astrocytes attached to the culture dish, with many smaller cells of the oligodendrocytes lineage on their surface. Results: Treatment of these cultures with lithium mineral waters from Maria spring compared to treatment with lithium chloride 2mM showed significant differences in cell morphology. Immunohistochemical studies for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β supported the protective effects of lithium mineral waters for glial cells, whereas lithium chloride 2mM determined cytotoxic effects and inhibited Wnt signalling pathway. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the fact that lithium chloride and lithium mineral waters induce changes on the expression of GSK-3β.
Persistence of chromosome aberrations following acute radiation: II, Does it matter how translocations are scored?

Chromosome breaks and rearrangements resulting from ionizing radiation can be much more complicated than many investigators thought possible some years ago. The realization that not all translocations are reciprocal, that multiway exchanges occur, and that some double‐strand breaks are not repaired prior to mitosis have all contributed to the difficulty of knowing how best to identify, record, evaluate, and report chromosome translocations. Here we describe the results of a series of experiments in which blood from two normal healthy subjects was obtained, irradiated with 137Cs γ‐rays in vitro at doses ranging from 0 (controls) to 4 Gy, and cultured. Cells from each dose group and donor were harvested at days 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, and 7 and evaluated for chromosome damage by simultaneously painting chromosomes 1, 2, and 4 in red and 3, 5, and 6 in green. The persistence of dicentrics, fragments, rings, insertions, and PAINT translocations are reported separately by us in this issue. In this article, we focus on translocations, characterizing the various types in detail and comparing and contrasting their persistence across all dose groups for both donors. The results indicate that the persistence of all translocation types was sufficient to be used for retrospective dosimetry, although nonreciprocal translocations exhibited diminished persistence compared to the other types. We also characterize the kinetics of the radiation dose responses of the two donors who exhibited significant differences in the induction as well as the persistence of translocations. Based on the evidence presented here, we hypothesize that these individuals differ in the recognition and repair of radiation‐induced damage as well as in cell cycle checkpoint control. Despite these differences, the temporal frequency of translocation losses at both the high and low doses was similar for both subjects. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Transition Modeling and Econometric Convergence Tests

A new panel data model is proposed to represent the behavior of economies in transition allowing for a wide range of possible time paths and individual heterogeneity. The model has both common and individual specific components and is formulated as a nonlinear time varying factor model. When applied to a micro panel, the decomposition provides flexibility in idiosyncratic behavior over time and across section, while retaining some commonality across the panel by means of an unknown common growth component. This commonality means that when the heterogeneous time varying idiosyncratic components converge over time to a constant, a form of panel convergence holds, analogous to the concept of conditional sigma convergence. The paper provides a framework of asymptotic representations for the factor components which enables the development of econometric procedures of estimation and testing. In particular, a simple regression based convergence test is developed, whose asymptotic properties are analyzed under both null and local alternatives, and a new method of clustering panels into club convergence groups is constructed. These econometric methods are applied to analyze convergence in cost of living indices among 19 US. metropolitan cities.
An Efficient SF-ISF Approach for the Slepian-Wolf Source Coding Problem

A simple but powerful scheme exploiting the binning concept for asymmetric lossless distributed source coding is proposed. The novelty in the proposed scheme is the introduction of a syndrome former (SF) in the source encoder and an inverse syndrome former (ISF) in the source decoder to efficiently exploit an existing linear channel code without the need to modify the code structure or the decoding strategy. For most channel codes, the construction of SF-ISF pairs is a light task. For parallelly and serially concatenated codes and particularly parallel and serial turbo codes where this appear less obvious, an efficient way for constructing linear complexity SF-ISF pairs is demonstrated. It is shown that the proposed SF-ISF approach is simple, provenly optimal, and generally applicable to any linear channel code. Simulation using conventional and asymmetric turbo codes demonstrates a compression rate that is only 0.06 bit/symbol from the theoretical limit, which is among the best results reported so far.
Simulation of dynamic DTI of 3D cardiac fiber structures

In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) DTI acquisition of an entire human heart for a complete cardiac cycle is currently technically impossible. We propose an alternative to this problem by simulating DTI of dynamic cardiac fiber structures. We first model a virtual dynamic cardiac fiber structure by integrating cardiac motion information into an ex vivo referential cardiac fiber structure and then use a Monte-Carlo method to simulate the corresponding diffusion weighted (DW) images, from which the diffusion tensors are derived and the relationship between diffusion image properties and cardiac motion is analyzed. The proposed approach enables us to investigate dynamic diffusion image properties at different cardiac phases. The results show that during the diastole, the cardiac fiber orientation distribution is rather regular, the fractional anisotropy (FA) increases, and the mean diffusivity (MD) decreases, and that this trend is reversed in the systole.
Model-driven Software Adaptation : Report on the WS M-ADAPT at ECOOP ’ 07

This first edition of the workshop Model-driven Software Adaptation (M-ADAPT’07) took place in the Technische Universität Berlin with the International Conference ECOOP’07 in the beautiful and buzzing city of Berlin, on the 30th of July, 2007. The workshop was organized by Gordon Blair, Nelly Bencomo, and Robert France. Participants explored how to develop appropriate model-driven approaches to model, analyze, and validate the volatile properties of the behaviour of adaptive systems and its environments. This report gives an overview of the presentations as well as an account of the fruitful discussions that took place at M-ADAPT’07.
Molecular weight distribution of carrageenans studied by a combined gel permeation/inductively coupled plasma (GPC/ICP) method

Degraded carrageenan (known as poligeenan, molecular weight: 20kDa to 30kDa) causes ulcerative colitis in experimental animals. In this paper, the molecular weight distributions of 29 samples of food-grade refined carrageenans were studied by high performance liquid gel permeation chromatography (GPC) directly connected to vacuum-ultraviolet inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) (GPC/ICP) as well as GPC/refractive index (RI) detection. All samples of food-grade carrageenan had a major broad peak of high molecular weight which eluted at around 6.5min in both RI and ICP mode (sulphur and carbon), and each sample of them had no obvious peak of poligeenan (the detection limit was about 5%). The number average molecular weights of these carrageenans ranged from 193 kDa to 324kDa, and the weight average molecular weights ranged from 453kDa to 652kDa based on RI data. Some samples had a few minor peaks which eluted around 10–12min. These peaks came from ionic sulphate, sucrose or glucose. It was considered that if the data-sampling programme was improved, the GPC/ICP system would become a more powerful technique for evaluation of carrageenan samples containing ionic substances and sugar.
Efficiency of On-Path and Off-Path Caching Strategies in Information Centric Networks

Architectures for information-centric networks (ICNs), like CCN, propose simple on-path caching with LRU cache management for caching of data items in the network. We propose alternative strategies, based on off-path caching, which try to avoid redundant caching of data items to use cache space more efficiently. Based on a mathematical model for LRU and LFU cache management and a simulation, we analyze these strategies with respect to hit efficiency, delay, and power consumption and provide a competitive evaluation to asses the potential increase of energy efficiency with off-path caching.
Optimal Local Multi-scale Basis Functions for Linear Elliptic Equations with Rough Coefficient

This paper addresses a multi-scale finite element method for second order linear elliptic equations with arbitrarily rough coefficient. We propose a local oversampling method to construct basis functions that have optimal local approximation property. Our methodology is based on the compactness of the solution operator restricted on local regions of the spatial domain, and does not depend on any scale-separation or periodicity assumption of the coefficient. We focus on a special type of basis functions that are harmonic on each element and have optimal approximation property. We first reduce our problem to approximating the trace of the solution space on each edge of the underlying mesh, and then achieve this goal through the singular value decomposition of an oversampling operator. Rigorous error estimates can be obtained through thresholding in constructing the basis functions. Numerical results for several problems with multiple spatial scales and high contrast inclusions are presented to demonstrate the compactness of the local solution space and the capacity of our method in identifying and exploiting this compact structure to achieve computational savings.
THE DISUNITY OF KNOWLEDGE WORK

This paper applies recent discussions about the implications of a disunified view of the sciences to the practical challenge of understanding and managing knowledge work in modern organizational settings. The main claim of this paper is that a disunified view will provide a rich and powerful analysis of knowledge work, and thus help provide the necessary guidance for the support of knowledge work in organizational environments. In particular, the disunified view can provide a methodology for analysing knowledge work in a complex organizational setting, and can provide guidance on how to manage organizational change when it involves a fundamental shift in the nature of knowledge work.