Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Marketing Molly and Melville: Dating in a Postmodern, Consumer Society

Based on a content analysis of a hundred heterosexual dating advertisements, the paper, in part, seeks to build upon the findings of previous research emerging mainly from the disciplines of sociobiology and psychology, which shows that when selling the self, men market their financial and occupational resources, whereas women offer physical attractiveness and appealing body shape, consistent with traditional `sex-role' stereotypes and mating selection strategies. The main focus of this paper, however, is on the repetitive and changing meanings of masculinity and femininity. Locating analyses in the context of a postmodern, consumer society, it shows that whilst consumer culture appears to provide men with a wide range of resources for the creation of identities, reflexive self-fashioning is more problematic for women. It argues that although what constitutes a `feminine' identity has now diversified as men and women deal with a novel set of social conditions, women's subjectivities remain more fixed and stable than those of men. It concludes, therefore, that access to cultural resources for identity construction are not equally available to men and women.
Importance of coordination skills essential psychophysical demonstrated competencies as a military specialists

Цель - выявление роли и значения координационных способностей в проявлении профессионально важных психофизических качеств военных специалистов. Установлено, что проявление общих, специальных и специфических координационных способностей обеспечивает наиболее эффективную и надежную психофизическую готовность и пригодность военнослужащих к успешному решению поставленных задач боевого предназначения. Отмечается, что профессионально-прикладная физическая подготовка будущего военного специалиста должна ориентироваться на освоение определенной суммы знаний, умений и навыков. Также - на формирование профессионально важных психофизических качеств, обеспечивающих высокую степень готовности военнослужащих к успешному выполнению задач в экстремальных условиях деятельности. Установлен уровень системно-структурных взаимосвязей психических и физических показателей, характеризующих двигательную и функциональную подготовленность, психические процессы, психомоторику и способность к управлению двигательными действиями в разных условиях военно-профессиональной деятельности.
The MINE regimen as intensive salvage chemotherapy for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's disease.

BACKGROUND Relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's disease (HD) patients were treated with an intensive salvage regimen (MINE) prior to high-dose therapy (HDT) with hematopoietic stem cell support. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred HD patients who either failed to respond to a front-line chemotherapy regimen (induction failure, n = 41) or relapsed (untreated relapse, n = 54; resistant relapse, n = 5) were treated with the MINE regimen. Each course of MINE comprised mitoguazone 500 mg/m2 on days 1 and 5, ifosfamide 1500 mg/m2/d from day 1 to day 5, vinorelbine (Navelbine) 15 mg/m2 on days 1 and 5, and etoposide 150 mg/m2/d from day 1 to day 3. At least two courses were given at 4-week intervals. Then, 72 patients received HDT followed by hematopoietic stem cell support. RESULTS After MINE salvage, 34 patients achieved a complete response (CR) and 39 a partial response, yielding an overall response rate of 75%. Patients with untreated relapse had a 92.5% response rate and those with resistant relapse or induction failure a 53% response rate. A total of 58 patients reached a CR at the end of all treatments; 12 of them relapsed. Sixty-six patients were alive with a median follow-up of 26 months, including 46 patients in CR. The 2-year survival rate for the entire group was 59%. By univariate analysis, patients with an interval between their last treatment and salvage longer than 12 months, untreated relapse, or good performance status at salvage are shown to have longer survivals. The main toxic effects were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and infectious episodes. Three patients died of MINE-related complications and three after HDT. CONCLUSION Given early in the course of progressive HD, the MINE regimen reduced tumor burden in a high proportion of patients with relapsed or refractory disease. Responding patients further intensified with HDT have a better outcome than those who have not responded to salvage treatment.
Anti-Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Activity and Optimal Culture Condition of Streptomyces sp. SUK 25

Background: The potential of secondary metabolites extracted from Streptomyces sp. to treat bacterial infections including infections with Staphylococcus aureus is previously documented. The current study showed significant antimicrobial activities associated with endophytic Streptomyces sp. isolated from medicinal plants in Peninsular Malaysia. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine anti-methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) activities of Streptomyces sp. isolates. Materials and Methods: Disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay were used to determine the antibacterial activity of Streptomyces sp. isolates. Optimization of fermentation parameters for the most potent anti-MRSA extract in terms of medium type, pH, aeration rate, and culture period was also carried out. Lastly, toxicity of the extract against Chang liver cells was determined employing the MTT, 2- (3, 5- diphenyltetrazol-2-ium-2-yl) -4, 5-dimethyl -1, 3 - thiazole; bromide assay. Results: The results indicated Streptomyces sp. SUK 25 isolates showed the most potent anti-MRSA activity. Disc diffusion assay revealed that spread plate technique was more efficient in screening anti-MRSA activity compared to pour plate (P < 0.05). To determine anti–MRSA MIC of Streptomyces sp. SUK 25, Thronton media was used. Therefore, MIC was determined as 2.44 ± 0.01 µg/mL, and accordingly, the lowest MIC was 1.95 µg/mL based on a seven-day culture, pH7, and aeration rate of 140 rpm. The crude extract was not toxic against Chang liver cells (IC50 = 43.31 ± 1.24 µg/mL). Conclusions: The Streptomyces sp. SUK 25 culturing was optimized using Thronton media, at pH 7 and aeration of 140 rpm. Further isolation and identification of bioactive compounds will develop anti-MRSA therapeutics.
Assessment of outcome in ankylosing spondylitis: an extended radiographic scoring system

Objective: To develop and validate an extensive radiographic scoring system for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: The Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (SASSS) was modified by adding a score for the cervical spine and defining squaring. This modified SASSS (mSASSS) is the sum of the lumbar and cervical spine score (range 0–72). 370 lateral views of the lumbar and cervical spine were used for development of the mSASSS, standardisation of observers, and for studying reliability. In a 48 week NSAID study of 57 patients, change over time and construct validity were studied. Results: Interobserver correlations of the lumbar and cervical spine scores were good (r>0.95). The interobserver duplicate error was 0.55 in a range from 0 to 36. The mean change in the cervical and lumbar spine scores between weeks 0 and 48 of all patients was 1.45 (range 0–6.0) and 1.06 (0–5.0), respectively (paired t testing, p<0.001). Change in radiological score was seen in 36/57 (63%) patients (lumbar and cervical spine 11, cervical spine 12, lumbar spine 13 patients). Conclusion: The mSASSS is useful for assessing extensive radiographic damage in AS. It is reliable, detects changes over 48 weeks, and shows a satisfactory face and construct validity.
Integration Framework for Simulation Tools to Engineer Emergent Self-Organizing Behavior

This paper presents a simulation tool integration framework which aims to integrate tools from various research fields in order to provide a seamless design flow for distributed systems with Emergent Self-Organization (ESO). ESO is a decentralized dynamic process with many favorable properties which makes it attractive for large scale distributed systems. However, ESO has a "non-linear" and "random" nature requiring expertise and tools from various research fields. Instead of extending every simulator and modeling framework to contain some of the required tools we propose a tool integration framework consisting of a repository of ESO design tools together with an integration infrastructure. The tools can be immediately used, thus significantly reducing development time and helping to fully explore the potential of ESO. Moreover, these tools can be created by experts on various aspects of ESO and seamlessly used in any relevant application domain. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed framework by showing how it can be used to improve an existing self-organizing data collection algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks.
Analyzing Public Transportation Use Behavior Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: To What Extent Does Attitude Explain the Behavior?

Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and its approach of investigation, this paper explores the psychological factors influencing public transport use behavior. Questionnaires containing TPB variables such as intention, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are designed and SPSS is used to analyze the relationships among the variables. Correlation analysis and regression models show TPB can well explain public transport use. The behavior is positively correlated with intention and attitude and high coefficients are obtained by regression. People with more positive attitudes will have higher intention and be more inclined to use public transport. Attitude is then actively affected by speed, freedom, convenience and other qualities of a travel mode. The conclusions can help transport planning and management to better understand travelers' behaviors and psychological demands and then formulate corresponding policies so as to enhance the competitiveness of public transport.
Multispectral Phloem-Mobile Probes: Properties and Applications1

New fluorescent probes allow the study of phloem transport in Arabidopsis. Using Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings, we identified a range of small fluorescent probes that entered the translocation stream and were unloaded at the root tip. These probes had absorbance/emission maxima ranging from 367/454 to 546/576 nm and represent a versatile toolbox for studying phloem transport. Of the probes that we tested, naturally occurring fluorescent coumarin glucosides (esculin and fraxin) were phloem loaded and transported in oocytes by the sucrose transporter, AtSUC2. Arabidopsis plants in which AtSUC2 was replaced with barley (Hordeum vulgare) sucrose transporter (HvSUT1), which does not transport esculin in oocytes, failed to load esculin into the phloem. In wild-type plants, the fluorescence of esculin decayed to background levels about 2 h after phloem unloading, making it a suitable tracer for pulse-labeling studies of phloem transport. We identified additional probes, such as carboxytetraethylrhodamine, a red fluorescent probe that, unlike esculin, was stable for several hours after phloem unloading and could be used to study phloem transport in Arabidopsis lines expressing green fluorescent protein.
DERIVATIVES OF n‐HEXYL PHENYL ETHER AS ANTITUBERCULOUS COMPOUNDS

A COMPARISON of the relative antituberculous activities of N-phenylbenzamidine' and N-phenyl-p-n-hexyloxybenzamidine2 (11) indicates that the n-hexyloxy group confers high activity on the molecule. The contribution made by the structural components of the N-substituted amidine group to antituberculous activity has not been investigated and appeared to be worthy of more detailed examination. For this purpose the preparation was undertaken of a series of oxygen analogues of the N-phenylamidine and of a number of compounds in which the N-phenyl group was replaced by similar cyclic structures. p-n-Hexyloxybenzamidine (I ) , N-cyclohexyl(I I1 ), N-M-pyridyl(IV), and NN-pentamethylene-p-n-hexyloxybenzamidine (VI ) were prepared by Pinner's method. No homogeneous product could be isolated in attempts to prepare (V1) by the aluminium chloride method3 but this procedure afforded the desired compound when applied to the preparation of the N-benzylamidine (V). 2-p-n-Hexyloxyphenylbenziminazole (VII) was readily obtained by fusion ofp-n-hexyloxybenzonitrile with o-aminophenylammonium toluene-p-sulphonate at 2 10" C. In model experiments with benzonitrile, it was found that this reaction was just initiated at 155" C. , at 180" C. it proceeded slowly and at 210" C. reaction was rapid. Notwithstanding the successful preparation of 2-benzylimidazoline by aminolysis of ethyl phenylacetimidate with 2-chloroethylammonium chloride, 2-p-nhexyloxyphenylimidazoline (IX) could not be prepared in this manner and was accordingly made by the method of Oxley and Short. * The corresponding N-phenylimidazoline (X) was satisfactorily obtained by the general method we have described previous1y.j
Retrospective reports of organizational commitment after Russian military downsizing

Duke University, USASUMMARYThis paper assesses the accuracy of people’s memories of attitudes and explores sources of errors inthe recollection. We did a secondary analysis on a panel survey of the Russian Army’s ofﬁcer corps,conducted before and after its downsizing. The dependent measure was the discrepancy betweenArmy ofﬁcers’ prospective and retrospective organizational commitment ratings made 18 monthsapart. We linked this discrepancy to the ofﬁcers’ sense of mastery and evaluations of job prospectsacross the twowaves. In general, ofﬁcers tended to overestimate their prior commitment to the Army.The amount of overestimation was positively related to both ofﬁcers’ initial level and the subsequentincrease in mastery, but was negatively related to their perceived immediate job prospects. Possiblemechanisms for the distortion and conceptual implications are discussed. Copyright # 2004 JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd.
SOCIAL OBSTACLES TO INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE IN AMERICA'S LANGUAGE CLASSROOMS

In contrast with debates over language pedagogy or aptitude, this paper examines seven societal obstacles which impact the success of classroom language learning and the development of intercultural competence in American language classrooms. These include expectations for teacher preparation, language proficiency and target language use; curricular legitimacy; and school and home language climate. It is argued that these first six obstacles ultimately stem from the seventh: The challenge of sensitizing Americans to the value of seeing the world through the languageculture of another. The paper then discusses implications of this situation and offers potential, preliminary solutions for creating a more effective climate for developing language proficiency and intercultural competence in America’s language classrooms, although it is unlikely that substantive progress can be made without acknowledgment of the role of national linguistic identity.
CS 711 ( Topics in Advanced Programming Languages ) Riccardo Pucella

Providing a formal model for understanding COM, Microsoft’ s Component Object Model [8, 11], has been a goal for the past few years, in light of the widespread use of that arch ite tural model. Clearly, such a formalization is needed, as witnessed by recent results of Sullivan, Marchukov and So cha [13] pointing out subtle interactions between the core mechanisms of COM, namely interface negotiation and ag gregation. One must realize that these are not even the most complicated protocols in COM, compared with issues suc h as security, licensing, marshalling, remote objects and especially threading models. Formalization can be done on many levels. Previous work in th e area includes the work by Sullivan, Marchukov and Socha hinted at earlier [13], who formalized the rules of interface negotiation and aggregation in Z notation [12] in order to prove various results about the behavior and requir ments of “legal” COM components. Another formalization attempt is COMEL [6, 7], a typed language with an operational semantics, meant as an external language to investigate COM-related issues. The main goal of this paper is to build towards a type-theoret ic foundation for the static semantics of the COMoriented module system we introduced in [10], and as such is v ery much work in progress. One can further imagine extensions to this formalism to help design and explain inte rfac s to COM from various typed programming languages. We are currently working on proving the correctness of the ab str ct-type-based approach of Haskell [9], as well as designing a COM interface for Moby, a ML-like language suppo rting class-based object-oriented programming [5]. The encodings we consider are similar in spirit to the encodi ngs for object-oriented programming such as [2]. This paper is structured as follows. In Section 2, we informa lly review the basics of COM, at the level required by this paper. In Section 3, we present the basic encoding of C OM into F<:. In Section 4, we discuss issues of composition, namely containment and aggregation. Section 5 ad ds dynamic interface negotiation and Section 6 explores variations on the encodings. We conclude with future work.
In situ visualization of newly synthesized proteins in environmental microbes using amino acid tagging and click chemistry

Here we describe the application of a new click chemistry method for fluorescent tracking of protein synthesis in individual microorganisms within environmental samples. This technique, termed bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT), is based on the in vivo incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid L-azidohomoalanine (AHA), a surrogate for l-methionine, followed by fluorescent labelling of AHA-containing cellular proteins by azide-alkyne click chemistry. BONCAT was evaluated with a range of phylogenetically and physiologically diverse archaeal and bacterial pure cultures and enrichments, and used to visualize translationally active cells within complex environmental samples including an oral biofilm, freshwater and anoxic sediment. We also developed combined assays that couple BONCAT with ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-targeted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), enabling a direct link between taxonomic identity and translational activity. Using a methanotrophic enrichment culture incubated under different conditions, we demonstrate the potential of BONCAT-FISH to study microbial physiology in situ. A direct comparison of anabolic activity using BONCAT and stable isotope labelling by nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (15NH3 assimilation) for individual cells within a sediment-sourced enrichment culture showed concordance between AHA-positive cells and 15N enrichment. BONCAT-FISH offers a fast, inexpensive and straightforward fluorescence microscopy method for studying the in situ activity of environmental microbes on a single-cell level.
Green Olympics, green legacies? An exploration of the environmental legacies of the Olympic Games

The ‘greening’ of mega-sporting events such as the Olympic Games (OG) has become an increasing priority of event organizers in the past two decades. This paper explores the legacies from the greening of the OG through an analysis of Beijing 2008, Singapore 2010, and London 2012, drawing on interviews with key stakeholders. While each OG is different, the key determinants for green legacies include: the breadth and depth of environmental commitments during the bid process; embedding sustainability in the vision, mission and branding of organizing committees; embedding sustainability in various aspects of OG organization, which is an important practical application of a sustainability vision; and the transfer of knowledge from one OG to the next, allowing newer host cities to enhance green legacies. The findings indicate institutionalization of elements of sustainability in the OG with legitimation and mimetic processes at play. The study found that legitimation is a key strategy during the bidding process and in operations of the OG.
Kickback Cuts Backprop's Red-Tape: Biologically Plausible Credit Assignment in Neural Networks

Error backpropagation is an extremely effective algorithm for assigning credit in artificial neural networks. However, weight updates under Backprop depend on lengthy recursive computations and require separate output and error messages — features not shared by biological neurons, that are perhaps unnecessary. In this paper, we revisit Backprop and the credit assignment problem. We first decompose Backprop into a collection of interacting learning algorithms; provide regret bounds on the performance of these sub-algorithms; and factorize Backprop's error signals. Using these results, we derive a new credit assignment algorithm for nonparametric regression, Kickback, that is significantly simpler than Backprop. Finally, we provide a sufficient condition for Kickback to follow error gradients, and show that Kickback matches Backprop's performance on real-world regression benchmarks.
Fast Localization Using Robust UWB Coding in Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization has many important applications in wireless sensor networks. A variety of wireless technologies, such as acoustic, infrared, and ultra-wide band (UWB) media have been applied for localization purposes. This paper consists of two parts. The first part presents new UWB-based communication protocols for received signal strength (RSS) information collection, namely, a robust UWB coding method called U-BOTH (UWB based on Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor and Time Hopping), an ALOHA-type channel access method and a message exchange protocol to collect location information. The second part presents the localization algorithm, which is applied in coal mine environments. The localization algorithm first derives the corresponding UWB path loss model, then applies the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method to compute the distances to the reference sensors using the RSS information, and to estimate the coordinate of the moving sensor using least squares (LS) method. The performance of the system is validated using theoretic analysis and simulations. Results show that U-BOTH transmission technique can effectively reduce the bit error rate under the path loss model, and the corresponding ranging and localization algorithms can accurately compute object locations in coal mine environments.
Network Perspectives In The Evaluation Of Development Interventions: More Than A Metaphor

2 1. THE STARTING POSITION 2 1.1 THEORY BASED EVALUATION 2 1.2 EVALUATION RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES 3 1.3 THE COMPARATOR: THE LOGICAL FRAMEWORK 3 2. WHAT IS A NETWORK? 3 3. FIVE ARGUMENTS FOR THE USE OF A NETWORK PERSPECTIVE 4 3.1 SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS IS ABOUT SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS. 4 3.2 THERE IS A RANGE OF METHODS FOR DESCRIBING NETWORKS 5 3.3 THERE IS A RANGE OF THEORIES ABOUT SOCIAL AND OTHER NETWORKS 11 3.5 NETWORK CAN BE SEEN, AND ANALYSED, AT MANY SCALES 12 3.4 NETWORKS ARE NOT LINEAR 14 4. WHERE TO NEXT? 18 4.1 DEVELOPING AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH 18 4.2 COMMON INTEREST NETWORKS 19 An invitation to the Conference participants 20 5. EPILOGUE: THIS PAPER WITHIN THE WIDER NETWORK 21 BIBLIOGRAPHY 21