Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT IN ATM NETWORKS

SUMMARY In this paper we present the traffic management functions in Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. In the first part of the paper commonly used traffic models for ATM traffic are discussed. Traffic management and its functions in the network are presented in the next part of the paper. Then connection admission control methods (CAC) as preventive traffic management mechanism are then presented. Overview of two CAC methods proposed in the literature from the groups of statistical based, measurement based and artificial intelligence based methods are presented in the final part of the paper.
Effective indenter radius and frame compliance in instrumented indentation testing using a spherical indenter

We introduce a novel method to correct for imperfect indenter geometry and frame compliance in instrumented indentation testing with a spherical indenter. Effective radii were measured directly from residual indentation marks at various contact depths (ratio of contact depth to indenter radius between 0.1 and 0.9) and were determined as a function of contact depth. Frame compliance was found to depend on contact depth especially at small indentation depths, which is successfully explained using the concept of an extended frame boundary. Improved representative stress-strain values as well as hardness and elastic modulus were obtained over the entire contact depth.
Systemic Viral Infection CD11c-Positive Dendritic Cells Establish CD46/CD150-Transgenic Mice: Wild-Type Measles Virus Infection in Human

We generated transgenic (TG) mice that constitutively express human CD46 (huCD46) and/or TLR-inducible CD150 (huCD150), which serve as receptors for measles virus (MV). These mice were used to study the spreading and pathogenicity of GFP-expressing or intact laboratory-adapted Edmonston and wild-type Ichinose (IC) strains of MV. Irrespective of the route of administration, neither type of MV was pathogenic to these TG mice. However, in ex vivo, limited replication of IC was observed in the spleen lymphocytes from huCD46/huCD150 TG and huCD150 TG, but not in huCD46 TG and non-TG mice. In huCD150-positive TG mouse cells, CD11c-positive bone marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) participated in MV-mediated type I IFN induction. The level and induction proﬁle of IFN- (cid:1) was higher in mDC than the proﬁle of IFN- (cid:2) . Wild-type IC induced markedly high levels of IFN- (cid:1) compared with Edmonston in mDC, as opposed to human dendritic cells. We then generated huCD46/huCD150 TG mice with type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1) (cid:3) / (cid:3) mice. MV-bearing mDCs spreading to draining lymph nodes were clearly observed in these triple mutant mice in vivo by i.p. MV injection. Infectious lymph nodes were also detected in the double TG mice into which MV-infected CD11c-positive mDCs were i.v. transferred. This ﬁnding suggests that in the double TG mouse model mDCs once infected facilitate systemic MV spreading and infection, which depend on mDC MV permissiveness determined by the level of type I IFN generated via IFNAR1. Although these results may not simply reﬂect human MV infection, the huCD150/huCD46 TG mice may serve as a useful model for the analysis of MV-dependent modulation of mDC response. The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 175: 3252–3261.
The conflict over the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank involving China, USA, and Japan

The conflict over the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) involving China, the United States of America (USA), and Japan is analyzed within the paradigm of the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution to gain strategic insights and to predict the possible compromise resolutions. The conflict starts after China proposed in October 2013 the establishment of the AIIB. The USA and Japan opposed the founding of AIIB because they were concerned that China would use the bank to set its own economic agenda and policies. The hypergame analysis of this dispute, which takes into account misperceptions, shows that the option of implementing the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement by the USA would not result in the expected resolution as predicted by it. The insights gained by analyzing the conflict include that the TPP might be beneficial for the Chinese which is contrary to what was expected by the USA and Japan.
Purification of the yeast Slx5–Slx8 protein complex and characterization of its DNA-binding activity

SLX5 and SLX8 encode RING-finger proteins that were previously identified based on their requirement for viability in yeast cells lacking Sgs1 DNA helicase. Slx5 and Slx8 proteins are known to be required for genome stability and to physically interact in yeast extracts; however, their biochemical functions are unknown. To address this question we purified and characterized recombinant Slx5 and Slx8 proteins. Here we show that Slx5 and Slx8 form a heterodimeric complex with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-binding activity. Individually, only the Slx8 subunit displays this activity. Structure–function studies indicate that the DNA-binding activity requires only the N-terminal 160 amino acids of Slx8, but not its C-terminal RING-finger domain. Alleles of SLX8 that express the RING-finger domain alone show almost complete complementation in yeast indicating that this DNA-binding domain is not essential for this in vivo function. Consistent with these findings we show that Slx5 immunolocalizes to the nucleus and that a portion of the Slx8 protein co-fractionates with chromatin. These results suggest that Slx5–Slx8 may act directly on DNA to promote genome stability.
Time dependent integration of matrix metalloproteinases and their targeted substrates directs axonal sprouting and synaptogenesis following central nervous system injury

Over the past two decades, many investigators have reported how extracellular matrix molecules act to regulate neuroplasticity. The majority of these studies involve proteins which are targets of matrix metalloproteinases. Importantly, these enzyme/substrate interactions can regulate degenerative and regenerative phases of synaptic plasticity, directing axonal and dendritic reorganization after brain insult. The present review first summarizes literature support for the prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases during neuroregeneration, followed by a discussion of data contrasting adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity that reveals time-dependent metalloproteinase/substrate regulation of postinjury synaptic recovery. The potential for these enzymes to serve as therapeutic targets for enhanced neuroplasticity after brain injury is illustrated with experiments demonstrating that metalloproteinase inhibitors can alter adaptive and maladaptive outcome. Finally, the complexity of metalloproteinase role in reactive synaptogenesis is revealed in new studies showing how these enzymes interact with immune molecules to mediate cellular response in the local regenerative environment, and are regulated by novel binding partners in the brain extracellular matrix. Together, these different examples show the complexity with which metalloproteinases are integrated into the process of neuroregeneration, and point to a promising new angle for future studies exploring how to facilitate brain plasticity.
DAKS: An Efficient Batch Rekeying Scheme for Departure-Aware Multicast Services

To achieve both access control and service availability, many researchers have attempted to design an efficient key management system for secure multicast services. Periodic and batch rekeying (PBR) is well known for its significant improvement in rekeying efficiency for large-scale and highly dynamic groups at the cost of relaxing some forward secrecy. However, PBR is uncontrollably vulnerable in its worst case when departing users are uniformly distributed in the leaf level of the key tree. Given a lack of users' departure information, the system cannot efficiently plan for their accommodations in the key tree. We observe that in many applications, e.g. charge-by-duration services, users' departure information is accessible to the system when it joins the group. In this paper, we exploit the value of this information, and propose a novel time-based key management scheme called "departure-aware key tree structure" (DAKS). We employ a tree-star combined topology to schedule the key updates in DAKS. Using knowledge of departing times, our scheme can achieve high efficiency for batch rekeying. Specifically, we show through analyses and simulation that by applying our scheme, rekeying efficiency can be improved by approximately 50%-60% with less key storage overhead and no other side effects.
A Novel Function of TET2 in CNS: Sustaining Neuronal Survival

DNA dioxygenases Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) proteins can catalyze the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) of DNA to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and thereby alter the epigenetic state of DNA. The TET family includes TET1, TET2 and TET3 members in mammals. Recently, accumulative research uncovered that TET1–3 occur abundantly in the central nervous system (CNS), and their biological functions have just begun to be investigated. In the present study, we demonstrated that mRNA and protein of TET2 were highly expressed in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus along the whole brain-development process. Further studies showed that TET2 was expressed in various types of cells, especially in most neurons. Subcellular distribution pattern implicated that TET2 is localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons. Down-regulation of TET2 in cultured cortical neurons with RNA interference implied that TET2 was required for cell survival. In all, our results indicate that neuronal TET2 is positively involved in the regulation of cell survival.
Position and orientation estimation for unmanned helicopter landing based on ellipse feature

This paper proposed an algorithm of ellipse detection based on Mean Shift, followed by position and orientation estimation. Setting a specific color ellipse mark as the landing target, the algorithm captures the target section by Mean Shift. The ADM edge point extraction and direct least square method are limited in the section to establish the ellipse equation. The problem of estimating UAV's position and orientation based on ellipse feature is turned into solving an equation of twelfth order. The method removes the background interference and reduces the complexity of image processing. Experimental results on Quanser platform verify the accuracy and real-time performance of the method.
Where do they look at? Analysis of gaze interaction in children while playing a puzzle game

In recent years the usage of video-games in education, therapies and training, has risen sharply. The adaptation of serious games to users' needs may offer new enriching learning environments. Eye tracking sensors collect information about the location and duration of eye movements within a specific area on a computer monitor. This paper presents a usability analysis of users' eye movements while using the set of puzzle games. For this purpose a set of data collected from 63 children with an average age of 9.95 (SD = 1.21) and different attention skills is analyzed during their interaction with a set of puzzle games. Fixation data is extracted and analyzed as regards of where do they look first and most. These resources should be complemented with other interaction records, but they are interesting for creating optimized user interfaces.
Ranking of agricultural pesticides in the rhine‐meuse‐scheldt basin based on toxic pressure in marine ecosystems

Although risk assessments on a per‐chemical basis are required during the registration procedure of pesticides, cumulative risks from the use of all pesticides on the variety of crops in a catchment area of a river are not assessed. The present study aimed to rank pesticides used in outdoor agricultural practice within the catchment of the rivers Rhine, Meuse, and Scheldt according to their potential toxic impact on the North Sea coastal ecosystem. Toxic pressure calculations (based on steady‐state concentrations calculated with a multimedia fate model) and species‐sensitivity distribution–based risk estimations were performed for pesticide emissions in the years 1998 (189 pesticides) and 2004 (133 pesticides). A ranking was established according to the relative contribution of single pesticides and crop types to the overall toxic pressure. Calculations were performed probabilistically to deal with parameter uncertainties. Only a few pesticides and crop types dominate overall toxic pressure because of emissions in both years, and the uncertainty appears to be caused largely by uncertainties in interspecies variances of aquatic toxicities. For 1998, these pesticides were fentin‐acetate, with a median relative contribution (RCx) to the toxic pressure of multiple chemicals on an ecosystem of 0.43. For 2004, the pesticides that contributed most were pencycuron and paraquat‐dichloride, with a median RCx of 4.4 × 10−2 and 3.9 × 10−2, respectively. Pesticides applied to potato cropland and fruit trees contributed most to the overall toxic pressure.
PCNA and Ki67 expression in breast carcinoma: correlations with clinical and biological variables.

AIMS: To investigate the expression of two cell cycle related antigens (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 related antigen) in a series of breast cancers; and the possible correlations between the PCNA and Ki67 labelling indexes (PCNA-LI and Ki67-LI) and their associations with other biological and clinicopathological variables. METHODS: Ninety six ductal and 10 lobular carcinoma specimens were investigated. Samples were fixed in formalin and in Methacarnoy for localisation of PCNA. Ki67 was immunostained on frozen sections. The PCNA-LI and Ki67-LI were evaluated in relation to tumour size, mitotic count, histological grade, nodal state as well as receptor content and altered expression of the p53 gene. RESULTS: PCNA-LI did not correlate with Ki67-LI, nor was it associated with any other variable examined. A high KI67-LI (above the median value of 13.5) was associated with high grade and mitotic count, negative receptor content, and altered expression of the p53 gene, but not with other variables. CONCLUSIONS: The PCNA-LI does not seem to be a substitute for the Ki67-LI in evaluating the growth fraction in breast cancer.
Surface apposition and multiple cell contacts promote myoblast fusion in Drosophila flight muscles

Transmission EM methods reveal that cell–cell fusion of individual myoblasts with growing Drosophila flight muscles is a stepwise process in which the cell adhesion and branched actin machineries mediate tight apposition and formation of multiple contacts and pores between the surfaces of the fusing cells.
Automatic training of lemmatization rules that handle morphological changes in pre-, in- and suffixes alike

We propose a method to automatically train lemmatization rules that handle prefix, infix and suffix changes to generate the lemma from the full form of a word. We explain how the lemmatization rules are created and how the lemmatizer works. We trained this lemmatizer on Danish, Dutch, English, German, Greek, Icelandic, Norwegian, Polish, Slovene and Swedish full form-lemma pairs respectively. We obtained significant improvements of 24 percent for Polish, 2.3 percent for Dutch, 1.5 percent for English, 1.2 percent for German and 1.0 percent for Swedish compared to plain suffix lemmatization using a suffix-only lemmatizer. Icelandic deteriorated with 1.9 percent. We also made an observation regarding the number of produced lemmatization rules as a function of the number of training pairs.
Reduced-complexity ML detection for coded MIMO systems using an absolute-value search

Spatial multiplexing of data streams on multiple transmit antennae is a well known means of increasing the data-rate in a bandwidth constrained system. At the receiver, maximum likelihood (ML) detection offers the best performance. However, for large constellations and/or large number of antennae the complexity of the decoder grows exponentially. Sphere-decoding is one suboptimal decoding method that has been proposed to reduce complexity by reducing the size of the search space for determining the optimum transmitted symbol vector. In this paper, we present an alternative approach, using an absolute-value based distance for searching, that keeps the size of the search space the same, but reduces the complexity by reducing the number of multiplications required to evaluate the quantities being compared in the search space. This method has vastly reduced complexity compared to ML. Simulation results are presented with a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) system to show that this method has less than 0.5 dB performance loss as compared to ML detection.
Pushing the RIP phase transition in compressed sensing

We apply the asymmetric restricted isometry property (ARIP) to recent results of Cai, Wang, and Xu and formulate a two-parameter family of sufficient conditions for exact k-sparse signal recovery via ℓ1-minimization. We translate the sufficient conditions into the phase transition framework and apply bounds on the ARIP constants to define lower bounds on the phase transition. By selecting the parameters wisely, we determine sufficient conditions whose phase transition curves improve upon those already in the literature.
Online Submodular Maximization with Free Disposal: Randomization Beats ¼ for Partition Matroids

We study the online submodular maximization problem with free disposal under a matroid constraint. Elements from some ground set arrive one by one in rounds, and the algorithm maintains a feasible set that is independent in the underlying matroid. In each round when a new element arrives, the algorithm may accept the new element into its feasible set and possibly remove elements from it, provided that the resulting set is still independent. The goal is to maximize the value of the final feasible set under some monotone submodular function, to which the algorithm has oracle access. For k-uniform matroids, we give a deterministic algorithm with competitive ratio at least 0.2959, and the ratio approaches 1/α∞ ≈ 0.3178 as k approaches infinity, improving the previous best ratio of 0.25 by Chakrabarti and Kale (IPCO 2014), Buchbinder et al. (SODA 2015) and Chekuri et al. (ICALP 2015). We also show that our algorithm is optimal among a class of deterministic monotone algorithms that accept a new arriving element only if the objective is strictly increased. Further, we prove that no deterministic monotone algorithm can be strictly better than 0.25-competitive even for partition matroids, the most modest generalization of k-uniform matroids, matching the competitive ratio by Chakrabarti and Kale (IPCO 2014) and Chekuri et al. (ICALP 2015). Interestingly, we show that randomized algorithms are strictly more powerful by giving a (non-monotone) randomized algorithm for partition matroids with ratio 1/α∞ ≈ 0.3178. Finally, our techniques can be extended to a more general problem that generalizes both the online sub-modular maximization problem and the online bipartite matching problem with free disposal. Using the techniques developed in this paper, we give constant-competitive algorithms for the submodular online bipartite matching problem.
Optimising a Mach-Zehnder Modulation Characteristics for 10 Gb/s Lightwave Systems

This paper reports on theoretically investigated transmission performance depending on the chirping and extinction ratio for a 1550 nm, 10Gb/s transmissions system with the standard single mode fiber. The transmission performance can be improved by adjusting chirp and extinction ratio in a Ti:LiNbO3 modulator-based transmitter and erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)-PIN receiver configuration.
Supply Chain Management models for Industrial Districts: an Agent-Based Simulation study

This paper addresses Supply Chain Management (SCM) within Industrial Districts (IDs). This topic is becoming more and more important due to the increase of global competition that forces ID firms to adopt more efficient and effective models and techniques for the management of the material and information flows from the source of supply to the final customer. Even though SCM is a critical process in IDs, the related literature has not devoted much attention to this issue. Therefore, there is an increasing need to develop managerial policies appropriate to the Supply Chains (SCs) within IDs. To this aim, we develop an Agent-Based Model of ID's SCs and we carry out a simulation analysis, by using the software NetLogo, aimed at assessing the efficiency/efficacy of alternative SCM models for ID's SCs (i.e. the choice of supply strategy, supply policy and supplier selection criteria).
Detection of Upscale-Crop and Partial Manipulation in Surveillance Video Based on Sensor Pattern Noise

In many court cases, surveillance videos are used as significant court evidence. As these surveillance videos can easily be forged, it may cause serious social issues, such as convicting an innocent person. Nevertheless, there is little research being done on forgery of surveillance videos. This paper proposes a forensic technique to detect forgeries of surveillance video based on sensor pattern noise (SPN). We exploit the scaling invariance of the minimum average correlation energy Mellin radial harmonic (MACE-MRH) correlation filter to reliably unveil traces of upscaling in videos. By excluding the high-frequency components of the investigated video and adaptively choosing the size of the local search window, the proposed method effectively localizes partially manipulated regions. Empirical evidence from a large database of test videos, including RGB (Red, Green, Blue)/infrared video, dynamic-/static-scene video and compressed video, indicates the superior performance of the proposed method.
Robust tracking of spatial related components

This paper introduces a hierarchical approach for multi-component tracking, where the object-to-be-tracked is modeled as a group of spatial related parts. We propose to use a robust particle filtering framework for tracking the individual components and outline how the spatial coherency between the parts can be efficiently integrated by analyzing a two-level hierarchy of particle filters. Including spatial information allows to handle common tracking problems like occlusions, clutter or blur. Furthermore, the dynamic calculation of particle set uncertainties allows a dynamic adaption of stiffness values for the spatial model to e. g. force occluded parts to stay in spatial relation. The experimental section proves the robustness of the proposed tracker on challenging sequences of the VIVID-PETS database.
Strengthening Social Capital Through Residential Environment Development for Older Chinese in a Canadian Context

ABSTRACT Among Canada’s visible-minority population 65 years of age or older, nearly four out of ten are Chinese. However, little research has been devoted to the examination of the role of the housing environment in building social capital for older Chinese despite the increase in this population and related social issues. The purpose of this paper is to examine Chinese elders’ experience of social capital and how it is affected by their residential environment in a Canadian context. In this qualitative study, forty-three Chinese elders in a Canadian context were interviewed with a focus group approach. Findings indicate that the environments in which these older adults lived either hindered or assisted them in building or increasing their social capital. A culturally and linguistically homogeneous residential environment does not necessarily provide positive support to older Chinese for their acquisition of social capital. Adversities in the environment, such as maltreatment or lack of support from their immediate micro environment (family), tended to motivate older adults to improve their social capital for problem-solving. The study offers implications from research findings to social work practice and concludes with an analysis of limitations.