Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accounting Students' Perceptions of Guanxi and Their Ethical Judgments

A cross sectional study of a sample of Australian accounting students during 2011 is used to test whether the relationship concept of guanxi is accepted as a social networking concept across cultures. While favour-seeking guanxi appears to be equally important across cultural groups (as a universal set of values), its negative variant, rent-seeking guanxi continues to be sanctioned to a greater extent by students holding temporary visas from Mainland China. Contrary to the findings of Fan, Woodbine, and Scully (2012) involving Chinese auditors, this study of Australian and Chinese students did not identify favour-seeking guanxi as a factor influencing ethical judgment, whereas rent-seeking guanxi was strongly significant as a predictor of judgment making for Australian students. Major concerns are expressed about the need to sensitize Chinese students to make them more aware of unethical practices prevalent in their home country. These findings have significant implications for educators delivering ethics courses to cohorts that include international students as well as the professional bodies involved in designing development programs.
Systems analysis identifies an essential role for SHANK-associated RH domain-interacting protein (SHARPIN) in macrophage Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) responses

Precise control of the innate immune response is essential to ensure host defense against infection while avoiding inflammatory disease. Systems-level analyses of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulated macrophages suggested that SHANK-associated RH domain-interacting protein (SHARPIN) might play a role in the TLR pathway. This hypothesis was supported by the observation that macrophages derived from chronic proliferative dermatitis mutation (cpdm) mice, which harbor a spontaneous null mutation in the Sharpin gene, exhibited impaired IL-12 production in response to TLR activation. Systems biology approaches were used to define the SHARPIN-regulated networks. Promoter analysis identified NF-κB and AP-1 as candidate transcription factors downstream of SHARPIN, and network analysis suggested selective attenuation of these pathways. We found that the effects of SHARPIN deficiency on the TLR2-induced transcriptome were strikingly correlated with the effects of the recently described hypomorphic L153P/panr2 point mutation in Ikbkg [NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO)], suggesting that SHARPIN and NEMO interact. We confirmed this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation analysis and furthermore found it to be abrogated by panr2. NEMO-dependent signaling was affected by SHARPIN deficiency in a manner similar to the panr2 mutation, including impaired p105 and ERK phosphorylation and p65 nuclear localization. Interestingly, SHARPIN deficiency had no effect on IκBα degradation and on p38 and JNK phosphorylation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that SHARPIN is an essential adaptor downstream of the branch point defined by the panr2 mutation in NEMO.
Rethinking urban power and the local state: Hegemony, domination and resistance in neoliberal cities

Foucauldian and neo-Gramscian approaches enjoy considerable influence in research on the mutations of neoliberal governance in cities. However, both are prone to treating coercion as the antithesis of power, leading them to downplay the coercive modalities of neoliberalism. This paper applies the Gramscian theory of the integral state to correct the bias towards non-coercive power. The integral state rejects the power–violence dualism, depicting coercive and non-coercive modalities of power and counter-power as inhering in capitalist political economy. The paper argues that studying neoliberalism from the perspective of the integral state contributes to explaining the intractability of coercion in the governance system and in particular the coercive power of the local state. It concludes by reflecting on the implications of this perspective for political action, arguing for a resolutely critical and conflictual stance.
What Do We Mean by Writing Fluency and How Can It Be Validly Measured

Fluency is an essential component in writing ability and development. Writing fluency research is important to researchers and teachers interested in facilitating students’ written text production and in assessing writing. This calls for reaching a better understanding of writing fluency and how it should be measured. Although fluency is the construct with the most varied definitions and measures in writing research, such large variance in conceptualizing the construct is rarely discussed. In an attempt to demystify the what of this construct, the present article reviews its definitions, shows how its measurement has been influenced by oral production research, and discusses some issues related to the validity of the varied measures used for assessing it.
The future of rehabilitation: What role for the probation service?

In this article, the authors draw on arguments developed in their recent book Rehabilitation, Crime and Justice (Raynor and Robinson, 2005) to discuss the aftermath of the ‘What Works’ initiative and the future of rehabilitation. They argue that our understanding of rehabilitation needs to extend beyond narrow correctionalism to a more socially inclusive and relational model, and outline some of the strategies which might enable the probation service, at a time of uncertainty about its future, to contribute to this kind of development.
The mean–variance relationship reveals two possible strategies for dynamic brain connectivity analysis in fMRI

When studying brain connectivity using fMRI, signal intensity time-series are typically correlated with each other in time to compute estimates of the degree of interaction between different brain regions and/or networks. In the static connectivity case, the problem of defining which connections that should be considered significant in the analysis can be addressed in a rather straightforward manner by a statistical thresholding that is based on the magnitude of the correlation coefficients. More recently, interest has come to focus on the dynamical aspects of brain connectivity and the problem of deciding which brain connections that are to be considered relevant in the context of dynamical changes in connectivity provides further options. Since we, in the dynamical case, are interested in changes in connectivity over time, the variance of the correlation time-series becomes a relevant parameter. In this study, we discuss the relationship between the mean and variance of brain connectivity time-series and show that by studying the relation between them, two conceptually different strategies to analyze dynamic functional brain connectivity become available. Using resting-state fMRI data from a cohort of 46 subjects, we show that the mean of fMRI connectivity time-series scales negatively with its variance. This finding leads to the suggestion that magnitude- versus variance-based thresholding strategies will induce different results in studies of dynamic functional brain connectivity. Our assertion is exemplified by showing that the magnitude-based strategy is more sensitive to within-resting-state network (RSN) connectivity compared to between-RSN connectivity whereas the opposite holds true for a variance-based analysis strategy. The implications of our findings for dynamical functional brain connectivity studies are discussed.
Modelling of muscular force induced by non-isometric contraction

This article introduces history-dependent effects in a skeletal muscle model applied to dynamic simulations of musculoskeletal system motion. Force depression and force enhancement induced by active muscle shortening and lengthening, respectively, represent muscle history effects. A muscle model depending on the preceding contractile events together with the current parameters was developed for OpenSim software, and applied in simulations of standing heel-raise and squat movements. Muscle activations were computed using joint kinematics and ground reaction forces recorded from the motion capture of seven individuals. In the muscle-actuated simulations, a modification was applied to the computed activation, and was compared to the measured electromyography data. For the studied movements, the history gives a small but visible effect to the muscular force trace, but some parameter values must be identified before the exact magnitude can be analysed. The muscle model modification improves the existing muscle models and gives a more accurate description of underlying forces and activations in musculoskeletal system movement simulations.
The Relationship Between Trait, Expressive, and Familial Correlates of Emotion Regulation in a Clinical Sample of Anxious Youth

Although emotion and its regulation have been linked to children’s general psychopathology, it has only recently been studied in relation to childhood anxiety disorders. In this study, the authors examine the relationship between various inputs of emotion regulation and anxiety in a clinical sample of youth. Participants (N = 112) were administered a battery of questionnaires that assessed for negative emotionality, emotion expression style, and familial affective expression. Participants also took part in a structured diagnostic interview to assess for clinical levels of anxiety. Results of standard multiple regression analyses indicated a relationship between all three components of the emotion in question. Moderator analyses revealed that age, but not gender, affects the relationship between negative emotionality and self-reported anxiety symptomatology. Results of mediation analyses suggested that emotion expression influences the relationship between negative emotionality and anxiety in older participants (ages 13—17), whereas the direct effect of negative emotionality and anxiety is maintained for younger participants (ages 8—12).
Conceptualizing Functional Cognition in Stroke

Background. Up to 65% of individuals demonstrate poststroke cognitive impairments, which may increase hospital stay and caregiver burden. Randomized stroke clinical trials have emphasized physical recovery over cognition. Neuropsychological assessments have had limited utility in randomized clinical trials. These issues accentuate the need for a measure of functional cognition (the ability to accomplish everyday activities that rely on cognitive abilities, such as locating keys, conveying information, or planning activities). Objective. The aim of the study was to present the process used to establish domains of functional cognition for development of computer adaptive measure of functional cognition for stroke. Methods. Functional cognitive domains involved in identifying relevant neuropsychological constructs from the literature were conceptualized and finalized after advisory panel feedback from experts in neurology, neuropsychology, aphasiology, clinical trials, and epidemiology. Results. The following 17 domains were proposed: receptive aphasia, expressive aphasia, agraphia, alexia, calculation, visuospatial, visuoperceptual, visuoconstruction, attention, language usage, executive functions, orientation, processing speed, memory, working memory, mood, awareness and abstract reasoning. The advisory panel recommended retaining the first 12 domains. Recommended changes included: to address only encoding and retrieval of recent information in the memory domain; to add domains for limb apraxia and poststroke depression; and to keep orientation as a separate domain or reclassify it under memory or attention. The final 10 domains included: language, reading and writing, numeric/calculation, limb praxis, visuospatial function, social use of language, emotional function, attention, executive function, and memory. Conclusion. Conceptualizing domains of functional cognition is the first step in developing a computer adaptive measure of functional cognition for stroke. Additional steps include developing, refining, and field-testing items, psychometric analysis, and computer adaptive test programming.
Organizational commitment, organization-based self-esteem, emotional exhaustion and turnover: A conservation of resources perspective

We examined the relationship of four commitment dimensions (affective, normative, continuance-perceived sacrifices and continuance-lack of alternatives) to emotional exhaustion over time under the lens of conservation of resources theory. Using data from 260 employees, Time 1 lack of alternatives and normative commitment contributed positively to Time 2 emotional exhaustion, controlling for Time 1 emotional exhaustion. Organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) moderated the relationship of lack of alternatives commitment to emotional exhaustion such that the relationship was stronger when OBSE was high. We further theorized that the resource drain engendered by emotional exhaustion would cause the latter to be positively related to turnover, controlling for commitment dimensions. Results supported this prediction. The implications of these findings for future research on commitment, emotional exhaustion and turnover are discussed.
Menopause transition promotes distinct modulation of mRNAs and miRNAs expression in calvaria and bone marrow osteoblastic cells

Investigation on functional genome research may contribute to the knowledge of functional roles of different mRNAs and miRNAs in bone cells of osteoporotic animals. Currently, few studies indicate the changes in gene modulation that osteoporosis causes in osteoblastic cells from different sites. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to evaluate cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and modulation of mRNAs/miRNAs in osteoblastic cells from calvaria and bone marrow by means of microarray technology. Wistar female rats were divided in sham operated and ovariectomized groups. After 150 days of ovariectomy, cells were isolated from both sites to perform cell culture. Results showed that calvaria cells from ovariectomized rats had a decrease in viability when compared to control groups and to bone marrow cells from osteoporotic rats after 3 days. Alkaline phosphatase activity decreased in calvaria cells from ovariectomized rats whereas it was increased in bone marrow osteoblastic cells in the same group. Microarray data analysis showed 5447 differentially expressed mRNAs and 82 differentially expressed miRNAs in calvaria cells. The same way, 4399 mRNAs and 54 miRNAs were expressed in bone marrow cells. mRNAs associated with bone metabolism such as Anxa5, Sp7, Spp1, Notch1 were distinctively modulated in both sites, as well as miRNAs such as miR‐350, miR‐542‐3p, miR‐204‐5p, and miR‐30e‐3p. The RNA species identified in this study could be further used as targets for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis.
Relativistic Mean Field Calculations for Ground State Nuclear Properties of Super-heavy Rf ( Z = 104 ) Isotopes

The transfermium isotopes has gained great attention in terms of experimental studies after predicting of the presence in 1960s and then starting to be synthesized in the laboratory. These süper-heavy nuclei, have been studied theoretically extensively in parallel to the experimental studies. Due to the structure of the relativistic spinorbit interaction, the RMF (Relativistic Mean Field) model including this type of interaction without requiring any additional terms is one of the theoretical model. The model is used successfully in estimation of the nuclear properties in a wide area covering the periodic table. In this study, binding energy, nuclear size, deformation parameters and quadrupole moments have been calculated for Rf isotopes and the comparisons with the experimental data and other model results have been performed.
Another Angle on Pollution Experience: Toward an Anthropology of the Emotional Ecology of Risk Mitigation

Environmental contamination is socially experienced as environmental suffering, bodily distress, frustration, and even pain. Drawing on an ethnographic case study of a contaminated community in New York, I engage the complex and variegated ways in which angst, frustration, and uncertainty linger even after state and corporate scientific schemes to mitigate environmental disaster and contamination are initiated. Inspired by emerging discussions of “emotional geography,” I explore how in a sociospatial context where residents live in homes mitigated for intrusive toxic substances, frustration, and uncertainty—both frequent problems experienced by residents living in environments threatened by hazardous substances—continue to inform the pollution experience. Moreover, I address how ethnographic narrative exposes what I call the “emotional ecology of risk mitigation. ”
Structured objects in owl: representation and reasoning

Applications of semantic technologies often require the representation of and reasoning with structured objects - that is, objects composed of parts connected in complex ways. Although OWL is a general and powerful language, its class descriptions and axioms cannot be used to describe arbitrarily connected structures. An OWL representation of structured objects can thus be underconstrained, which reduces the inferences that can be drawn and causes performance problems in reasoning. To address these problems, we extend OWL with description graphs, which allow for the description of structured objects in a simple and precise way. To represent conditional aspects of the domain, we also allow for SWRL-like rules over description graphs. Based on an observation about the nature of structured objects, we ensure decidability of our formalism. We also present a hypertableau-based decision procedure, which we implemented in the HermiT reasoner. To evaluate its performance, we have extracted description graphs from the GALEN and FMA ontologies, classified them successfully, and even detected a modeling error in GALEN.
Quasi-Dynamic Network Model Partition Method for Accelerating Parallel Network Simulation

In this paper, we propose a network model partition method called QD-PART (Quasi-Dynamic network model PARTition method) for accelerating parallel network simulation. The key of QD-PART is to utilize the fact that a network simulation is typically repeated several times with the same parameter set for estimating the confidence interval of steady state measures. QD-PART gradually optimizes partition of a network model based on past simulation results such as the total simulation time, CPU usage of computing resources, and traffic intensity (i.e., the number of packets transmitted) of each link. At the end of each parallel simulation run, QD-PART re-partitions the network model based on such information aiming at minimizing communication overhead among computing resources and balancing load of sub-network models executed on computing resources. Through several experiments using a parallel-distributed network simulator, we show how parallel network simulation can be accelerated using QD-PART by gradually improving the network model partition.
based registration A comparison of a level set and a phase field approach

Traditionally, different image processing tasks are mainly considered on their own. The main aim of this paper is a combination of registration[25,26,47,58–60], i. e. , the spatial alignment of images and segmentation[19,53, 17,18], i. e. , the recognition of edges and object contours in images. A proper registration depends on a good initial segmentation and vice versa. In this paper it is proposed to link these problems together by formulating a coupled variational problem. The focus is on edge-based instead of intensity-based methods and a variational model based on the Mumford-Shah free discontinuity problem. In particula r this paper is devoted to the comparison of a sharp interface approach with a phase field approach.
Scales for the measurement of some work attitudes and aspects of psychological well‐being

Two studies of male manual workers are described, in which eight scales relevant to the quality of working life are introduced and assessed. The scales build upon previous work, but are designed to remedy certain conceptual and operational deficiencies. They cover work involvement, intrinsic job motivation, higher order need strength, perceived intrinsic job characteristics, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, happiness, and self-rated anxiety. In addition, components of job satisfaction and life satisfaction, derived through cluster analyses, are also identified. The scales are shown to have good internal reliability and to be factorially separate. Comprehensive psychometric data are provided as a base-line for future applications.
Application-based routing optimization in static/semi-static wireless sensor networks

This paper presents a power aware routing algorithm for WSN exploiting application features and the radio frequency map of the deployed sensors. The suggested methodology can be applied to applications requiring data acquisition from semi-static medium-size networks. The improvement over traditional routing solutions derives from the fact that routing paths and optimal transmission powers are identified through an accurate simulation of the target application (not only at the routing layer) which uses real information such as the power response of the links. The methodology, tested on MICA2 wireless sensor networks, provided a reduction of power consumption of about 40% over the "multihoproute" routing algorithm considered in the TinyOS community
Topology attribute and global resource-driven virtual network embedding algorithm via novel node-ranking approach

Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) problem has been widely considered as an important challenge in Network Virtualization (NV): how to embed virtual networks onto the shared substrate network effectively and efficiently. Previous VNE algorithms, only considering single network topology attribute and local resource of each node, may lead to inefficient resource utilization of the substrate network in the long term. To address this issue, a Topology Attribute and Global Resource-Driven VNE algorithm (VNE-TAGRD), adopting a novel node-ranking approach, is proposed in this paper. The novel node-ranking approach, stimulating from the well-known Google PageRank algorithm, considers three essential topology attributes and global network resource information. Numerical simulation results reveal that the proposed VNE-TAGRD outperforms four related and up-to-date heuristic algorithms that only consider single network topology attribute and local resources of each node, in terms of long-term virtual network request acceptance ratio, average revenue to cost ratio.
The association of anxiety disorders and obsessive compulsive personality disorder with anorexia nervosa: evidence from a family study with discussion of nosological and neurodevelopmental implications.

BACKGROUND To investigate the association of anorexia nervosa with anxiety disorders through use of a case-control family study design. METHOD Lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders and obsessive compulsive personality disorder was determined among 574 first-degree relatives of 152 probands with anorexia nervosa and compared to rates observed among 647 first-degree relatives of 181 never-ill control probands. RESULTS Adjusting for comorbidity of the same illness in the proband, relatives of probands with anorexia nervosa, had a significantly higher prevalence of generalized anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive personality disorder compared to relatives of never-ill control probands. CONCLUSION Anorexia nervosa may share familial liability factors in common with various anxiety phenotypes. In suggesting that a transmitted propensity for anxiety is a key aspect of vulnerability in anorexia nervosa, the findings point to research developments in the affective neurosciences, specifically the neurocircuitry of fear and anxiety, as a heuristic framework in which to interpret aspects of premorbid temperamental anxieties and clinical symptoms.