Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Endoscopy and Leaks after Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Postoperative leaks after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) are a source of morbidity and mortality. Any intervention that would decrease leak rates after LRYGB would be useful. This investigation tested the hypothesis that postoperative leak rates are lower after LRYGB with the routine use of intraoperative endoscopy (EN). Consecutive patients who underwent LRYGB were included. Intraoperative leak testing with air and methylene blue through an orogastric tube (OG) was used in the first 200 patients. Intraoperative endoscopy was used after the first 200 patients. There were 400 patients in this study. Preoperative demographics did not differ between groups. The intraoperative leak rate of the EN group was double the OG group (8 vs 4%; P = not significant), although the difference was not statistically significant. The OG group had a postoperative leak rate of 4 per cent with a mortality rate of 1 per cent. The EN group had a postoperative leak rate of 0.5 per cent with a mortality rate of 0 per cent. The difference in leak rates was statistically significant (P < 0.04). Despite the issues of learning curve, EN demonstrates more intraoperative leaks than OG, indicating EN may be a more sensitive test than OG. Routine use of EN is associated with less postoperative leaks after LRYGB.
The thyroid hormone receptor alpha locus and white matter lesions: a role for the clock gene REV-ERBα.

BACKGROUND Thyroid disorders are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Both small vessel disease and neurodegeneration have a role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TRα) is the predominant TR in brain. The circadian clock gene REV-ERBα overlaps with the TRα gene and interferes with TRα expression. Limited data are available on the role of the TRα/REV-ERBα locus in small vessel disease and neurodegeneration. We therefore studied genetic variation in the TRα/REV-ERBα locus in relation to brain imaging data, as early markers for small vessel disease and neurodegeneration. METHODS Fifteen polymorphisms, covering the TRα/REV-ERBα locus, were studied in relation to white matter lesion (WML), total brain, and hippocampal volumes in the Rotterdam Study I (RS-I, n=454). Associations that remained significant after multiple testing correction were subsequently studied in an independent population for replication (RS-II, n=607). RESULTS No associations with total brain or hippocampal volumes were detected. A haplotype block in REV-ERBα was associated with WML volumes in RS-I. Absence of this haplotype was associated with larger WML volumes in women (0.38%±0.18% [β±SE], p=0.007), but not in men (0.04%±0.11%, p=0.24), which was replicated in RS-II (women: 0.15%±0.05%, p=0.04; men: 0.05%±0.07%, p=0.80). Meta-analysis of the two populations showed that women lacking this haplotype have a 1.9 times larger WML volume (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest a role for REV-ERBα in the pathogenesis of WMLs.
Understanding disciplinary vocabularies using a full-text enabled domain-independent term extraction approach

Publication metadata help deliver rich analyses of scholarly communication. However, research concepts and ideas are more effectively expressed through unstructured fields such as full texts. Thus, the goals of this paper are to employ a full-text enabled method to extract terms relevant to disciplinary vocabularies, and through them, to understand the relationships between disciplines. This paper uses an efficient, domain-independent term extraction method to extract disciplinary vocabularies from a large multidisciplinary corpus of PLoS ONE publications. It finds a power-law pattern in the frequency distributions of terms present in each discipline, indicating a semantic richness potentially sufficient for further study and advanced analysis. The salient relationships amongst these vocabularies become apparent in application of a principal component analysis. For example, Mathematics and Computer and Information Sciences were found to have similar vocabulary use patterns along with Engineering and Physics; while Chemistry and the Social Sciences were found to exhibit contrasting vocabulary use patterns along with the Earth Sciences and Chemistry. These results have implications to studies of scholarly communication as scholars attempt to identify the epistemological cultures of disciplines, and as a full text-based methodology could lead to machine learning applications in the automated classification of scholarly work according to disciplinary vocabularies.
Macroeconomic Forecast Accuracy — Idiosyncratic Predictability and Analyst Characteristics

We provide evidence that the idiosyncratic predictability of a given forecast objective has to be taken into account analyzing the association between analyst characteristics and macroeconomic forecast accuracy. Model performance heavily depends on idiosyncratic predictability because for virtually unpredictable series analyst do not benefit from their skills and resources. Only for predictable series these characteristics have a positive influence on forecast accuracy highlighting the importance of a proper differentiation. Following a recent research design from the equity analyst research literature we document that especially inherent analyst characteristics, i.e. experience and general ability contribute to higher forecast accuracy. However, decreasing predictability of macroeconomic indicators leads to diminishing accuracy benefits of inherent characteristics and makes individual characteristics
A reduced switch-count single-phase SEPIC-based inverter

Recently, reduced switch-count converters have garnered exceptional attention in power electronic systems due to the diversified advantages such as low cost, low weight and volume, and high reliability offered by them. In this paper, a novel design of single-phase inverters with a reduced number of switching devices is proposed based on the single-ended primary-inductance converter (SEPIC). The proposed inverter topology achieves DC to AC conversion using only two switches, and generates a pure sinusoidal AC output voltage without a need for an additional output filter. The reduction in the number of the switching devices contributes to the reduction of the complexity and size of the DC-AC conversion system. The proposed inverter utilizes the DC-link voltage entirely, where the output voltage could be extended up to the full value of the DC input voltage. The integral sliding-mode control is used with the proposed topology to optimize its dynamics, and to ensure robustness of the system during different operating conditions. Operation, analysis, simulations, and experimental results for the proposed inverter topology are included in this paper.
Using Trimmed Means to Compare K Measures Corresponding to Two Independent Groups

Consider two independent groups with K measures for each subject. For the jth group and kth measure, let μtjk be the population trimmed mean, j = 1, 2; k = 1, . , K. This article compares several methods for testing H 0 : u1k = t2k such that the probability of at least one Type I error is, and simultaneous probability coverage is 1 - α when computing confidence intervals for μt1k - μt2k . The emphasis is on K = 4 and α = . 05. For zero trimming the problem reduces to comparing means, but it is well known that when comparing means, arbitrarily small departures from normality can result in extremely low power relative to using say 20% trimming. Moreover, when skewed distributions are being compared, conventional methods for comparing means can be biased for reasons reviewed in the article. A consequence is that in some realistic situations, the probability of rejecting can be higher when the null hypothesis is true versus a situation where the means differ by a half standard deviation. Switching to robust measures of location is known to reduce this problem, and combining robust measures of location with some type of bootstrap method reduces the problem even more. Published articles suggest that for the problem at hand, the percentile t bootstrap, combined with a 20% trimmed mean, will perform relatively well, but there are known situations where it does not eliminate all problems. In this article we consider an extension of the percentile bootstrap approach that is found to give better results.
Smets-Wouters’ Lazy Derivation for DSGE

This paper invokes Fisher (1907) to teach Smets and Wouters (2003) how to work out the consumption solution for their DSGE model. When they have simply used the marginal condition for estimation, they are too lazy. When the solution is worked out, DSGE reduces to a steady-state growth model, without growth.
Emerging nanotechnology for detection of mycotoxins in food and feed

Abstract The term mycotoxin was coined for toxic metabolites secreted by some fungi in food, food products and feed. The most prominent mycotoxins include aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin, fumonisin and patulin. Among these some are proved to be strong carcinogenic agents such as AFs B1 while others are under suspicion to have carcinogenic effects. Ingestion of such mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed pose to a threat, mycotoxicoses. Various conventional techniques are available for the detection of mycotoxins, but unfortunately as a consequence of their constraint, the development of new and rapid techniques is the need of the hour. The use of nanotechnology for the development of nanobiosensors would be the alternative sensitive methods for the rapid detection of mycotoxins. Implementation of nanomaterials in the fabrication of nanobiosensors and their use for the detection of the mycotoxins in food and feed is the centre of interest of this review. We have inventoried nanomaterials applied for weaving nanobiosensors, which includes carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanorods and nanofibers. In addition, we have extensively reviewed available nanobiosensors specific for different mycotoxins, their advantages and challenges.
Fuzzy Multilayer Clustering and Fuzzy Label Regularization for Unsupervised Person Reidentification

Unsupervised person reidentification has received more attention due to its wide real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a novel method named fuzzy multilayer clustering (FMC) for unsupervised person reidentification. The proposed FMC learns a new feature space using a multilayer perceptron for clustering in order to overcome the influence of complex pedestrian images. Meanwhile, the proposed FMC generates fuzzy labels for unlabeled pedestrian images, which simultaneously considers the membership degree and the similarity between the sample and each cluster. We further propose the fuzzy label regularization (FLR) to train the convolutional neural network (CNN) using pedestrian images with fuzzy labels in a supervised manner. The proposed FLR could regularize the CNN training process and reduce the risk of overfitting. The effectiveness of our method is validated on three large-scale person reidentification databases, i.e., Market-1501, DukeMTMC-reID, and CUHK03.
Docking Simulation and Competitive Experiments Validate the Interaction Between the 2,5-Xylidine Inhibitor and Rigidoporus lignosus Laccase

Abstract Laccases are polyphenol oxidases which oxidize a broad range of reducing substrates, preferably phenolic compounds, and their use in biotechnological applications is increasing. Recently, the first X-ray structure of active laccase from white rot fungus Rigidoporus lignosus has been reported containing a full complement of copper ions. Comparison among selected fungal laccases of known 3D structure has shown that the Rigidoporus lignosus laccase has a very high similarity with the Trametes versicolor laccase that, being co-crystallized with 2,5-xylidine, shows a well defined binding pocket for the substrate. Global sequence alignment between Rigidoporus lignosus and Trametes versicolor laccases shows 73% of identity but, surprisingly, there is no identity and neither conservative substitutions between the residues composing the loops directly contacting the 2,5-xylidine. Moreover the structural alignment of these two enzymes identifies in these loops a striking structural similarity proposing the question if 2,5-xylidine may bind in same enzyme pocket. Here we report the protein-ligand docking simulation of 3D structure of Rigidoporus lignosus laccase and 2,5-xylidine. Docking simulation analyses show that spatial conformation of the two 2,5-xylidine binding pockets, despite differences in the residues directly contacting the ligand, may arrange a similar pocket that allows a comparable accommodation of the inhibitor. To validate these results the binding of 2,5-xylidine in the substrate cavity has been confirmed by kinetic competitive experiments.
Prothrombotic Gene Variation in Patients with Large and Small Vessel Disease

The classification of ischemic stroke into different subtypes is supported in genetic association studies. While several gene variants have been identified as being associated with ischemia subtypes, most studies have not been powered to study subtypes separately. We investigated 887 patients with nondisabling cerebral ischemia of arterial origin and classified ischemia as being caused by large or small vessel disease (LVD or SVD), primarily based on neuroimaging findings. In total, 621 patients had LVD and 266 SVD. The coagulation factor XIII subunit B gene (F13B) His95Arg variant was more common in patients with LVD (mean prevalence difference 9.9%; 95% CI 4.7–15). None of 21 other prothrombotic gene variants was associated with LVD or SVD. Many gene variants may not be specific for one subtype. We could not replicate the genetic associations identified in previous smaller previous studies. Thus claims about genetic associations with specific subtypes of ischemia should be interpreted with caution. The association between F13B His95Arg and LVD requires replication.
Radiowave Propagation in Picocellular Environment Using 2.5D Ray Tracing Technique

This paper presents a ray tracing simulation technique for characterize the radiowave propagation inside building. The implementation of an algorithm capable of enumerating a large number of propagation paths in interactive time for the special case of 2.5D. The effective dielectric constants of the building structure in the simulations are indicated. The study describes an efficient 2.5D model of ray tracing algorithm were compared with 3D model. The result of the first investigations is that the environment of the indoor wave significantly changes as we change the electric parameters of material constructions. A detailed analysis of the dependence of the indoor wave on the wideband characteristics of the channel: root mean square (RMS) delay spread characteristics and Mean excess delay, is also investigated. Keywords—Picrocellular, Propagation, Ray tracing
Utility Maximization and the Demand for New Zealand Meats

The pure theory of consumer demand is a thoroughly developed topic, more so than is its use in providing extra information to improve estimates of demand parameters. In this paper some aspects of the Slutsky-Hicks-Allen theory of demand are used in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis to provide estimates of elasticities of domestic demand for several New Zealand meats. These estimates are more efficient, in a statistical sense, and considerably superior for prediction purposes than are corresponding results obtained by more standard methods. In addition, the utility maximization theory is tested to see if it is an hypothesis capable of explaining observed demand for the meats considered.
It Is Time for Routine Screening for Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Obstetrics and Gynecology Settings.

Importance Women are 2 to 3 times more likely than men to experience depression in their lifetime, and the greatest risk occurs during the reproductive years. As an obstetrics and gynecology physician or provider, you will likely encounter women who are at risk of development or relapse of a mental disorder during this vulnerable time. Objective The aim of this review is to examine theory and research on mood and anxiety disorders during the perinatal period with an emphasis on screening recommendations. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed and PsycINFO search for English-language publications about perinatal mood and anxiety disorders and screening was performed and included studies on subtopics. Results The literature reviewed suggests that perinatal mood and anxiety symptoms are prevalent and have significant consequences, and best practices for early detection are through routine depression and anxiety screening in the obstetrics setting. This includes overcoming barriers to care and use of liaison services to potentially reduce risk. Conclusions and Relevance High-quality prenatal care systems should develop the capacity for depression and anxiety risk assessment and treatment. Providers should routinely screen using validated screening tools, provide maternal mental health education, and be aware of the various medical, psychological, and complementary approaches for treating mood and anxiety disorders, to best guide and refer patients. The use of this practice will increase the quality of life in pregnant women with depression and anxiety and may help to reduce the likelihood of adverse birth outcomes, postpartum mental health problems, and adverse effects on offspring.
Interactive visual analysis of anomalous accounts payable transactions in SAP enterprise systems

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of implementing multi-view visualization methods to assist auditors in reviewing the integrity of high-volume accounting transactions. Modern enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems record several thousands of transactions daily. This makes it difficult to find a few instances of anomalous activities among legitimate transactions. Although continuous auditing and continuous monitoring systems perform substantial analytics, they often produce lengthy reports that require painstaking post-analysis. Approaches that reduce the burden of excessive information are more likely to contribute to the overall effectiveness of the audit process. The authors address this issue by designing and testing the use of visualization methods to present information graphically, to assist auditors in detecting anomalous and potentially fraudulent accounts payable transactions. The strength of the authors ' - approach is its capacity for discovery and recognition of new and unexpected insights. Design/methodology/approach - – Data were obtained from the SAP enterprise (ERP) system of a real-world organization. A framework for performing visual analytics was developed and applied to the data to determine its usefulness and effectiveness in identifying anomalous activities. Findings - – The paper provides valuable insights into understanding the use of different types of visualizations to effectively identify anomalous activities. Research limitations/implications - – Because this study emphasizes asset misappropriation, generalizing these findings to other categories of fraud, such as accounts receivable, must be made with caution. Practical implications - – This paper provides a framework for developing an automated visualization solution which may have implications in practice. Originality/value - – This paper demonstrates the need to understand the effectiveness of visualizations in detecting accounting fraud. This is directly applicable to organizations investigating methods of improving fraud detection in their ERP systems.
Determinants of smallholder farmers' participation in maize and pigeonpea markets in Tanzania

ABSTRACT This paper analyses factors influencing market participation decisions and the level of commercialisation among maize and pigeonpea smallholder farmers in Tanzania. The study utilises cross-sectional farm household-level data collected in 2010 from a randomly selected sample of 700 smallholder farming households. The two-step decision-making process was analysed using a Heckman selectivity procedure. The results showed that fixed transaction costs associated with market information and household characteristics such as gender and education level of the household head had a statistically significant influence on market participation. Proportional transaction costs (distance to market) and variables such as output prices, farm size, labour force, membership of farmer associations and geographical location of households influenced both market participation and intensity of participation. The results suggest that policies aimed at improving rural road infrastructure, market information systems, smallholder asset accumulation, human capital and promotion of farmer association could reduce transaction costs and enhance market participation and marketed supply by smallholder farmers.
Cleavage-dependent Ligation by the FLP Recombinase

The FLP recombinase of the 2 μM plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae belongs to the integrase family of recombinases whose members have in common four absolutely conserved residues (Arg-191, His-305, Arg-308, and Tyr-343). We have studied the mutant protein FLP R308K in which the arginine residue at position 308 has been replaced by lysine. Although FLP R308K was previously reported to be defective in ligation of certain substrates (Pan, G., Luetke, K., and Sadowski, P. D., Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 3167-3175, 1993b), we show in this work that the protein is able to ligate those substrates that it can cleave (cleavage-dependent ligation activity). FLP R308K is defective in in vitro recombination and in strand exchange. It is able to carry out strand exchange at one of the two cleavage sites of the FLP recognition target site (FRT site), but is defective in strand exchange at the other cleavage site. These results are consistent with a model in which wild-type FLP initiates recombination only at one of the two cleavage sites. FLP R308K may be defective in the initiation of recombination.
Empirical exploration of factors that determine multiple mobile phone subscriptions

This study addresses the factors driving multiple mobile phone subscriptions by consumers in the Swedish market. The generalised Poisson model GPR is applied to count data obtained from two national annual surveys. The results show that business subscription and household size are consistently the main predictors of the multiple mobile phone subscriptions. This indicates that organisations, i.e., company and household, are important units of consumers in the mobile market that potential for expanding the consumers base. Demographics characteristics such as age, income and gender in addition to the use of mobile internet are also found as significant predictor. The operator could gain from this situation by applying relevant marketing strategies to the targeted consumers' segment as well as tightening the network effect to the relevant consumers' social group. This may be done by encouraging them to have additional subscriptions from the same operator or intra-operator multiple subscriptions, for instance through service bundling or collective subscriptions.