Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Various Profiles of tet Genes Addition to tet(X) in Riemerella anatipestifer Isolates From Ducks in China

To investigate tetracycline resistance and resistant genotype in Riemerella anatipestifer, the tetracycline susceptibility of 212 R. anatipestifer isolates from China between 2011 and 2017 was tested. The results showed that 192 of 212 (90.6%) R. anatipestifer isolates exhibited resistance to tetracycline (the MICs ranged from 4 to 256 μg/ml). The results of PCR detection showed that, 170 of 212 (80.2%) R. anatipestifer isolates possessed the tet(X) gene. Other genes, including tet(A), tet(M), tet(Q), tet(O), tet(B), and tet(O/W/32/O), were found at frequencies of 20.8, 4.7, 1.4, 0.9, 0.9, and 0.5%, respectively. However, tet(C), tet(E), tet(G), tet(K), and tet(W) were not detected in any isolate. In these tet gene positive strains, 31 (14.6%), 2 (0.9%), 5 (2.4%), 1 (0.5%), 3 (1.4%) were detected containing tet(A)/tet(X), tet(M)/tet(O), tet(M)/tet(X), tet(O)/tet(X), and tet(Q)/tet(X) simultaneously, respectively. One isolates, R131, unexpectedly contained three tet genes, i.e., tet(M), tet(O), and tet(X). Sequence analysis of the tet gene ORFs cloned from R. anatipestifer isolates confirmed that tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), tet(O), tet(Q) and an unusual mosaic tet gene tet(O/W/32/O) were present in R. anatipestifer. The MIC results of R. anatipestifer ATCC 11845 transconjugants carrying tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), tet(O), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(Q), and tet(X) genes exhibited tetracycline resistance with MIC values ranging from 4 to 64 μg/ml. Additionally, the tet(X) gene could transfer into susceptible strain via natural transformation (transformation frequencies of ~10−6). In conclusion, the tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), tet(O), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(Q), and tet(X) genes were found and conferred tetracycline resistance in R. anatipestifer isolates. Moreover, the tet(X) is the main mechanism of tetracycline resistance in R. anatipestifer isolates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), tet(O), tet(Q), and mosaic gene tet(O/W/32/O) in R. anatipestifer.
Perioperative Corticosteroids Reduce Short-Term Edema and Ecchymosis in Rhinoplasty: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND A number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the role of perioperative corticosteroids in rhinoplasty. Each of these trials however has an insufficient sample sizes to reach definitive conclusions and detect harms. Three recent reviews have analyzed edema and ecchymosis outcomes following rhinoplasty; each arrived at a different conclusion and recommendation. OBJECTIVE To estimate the effectiveness of systemic perioperative corticosteroid treatment compared to placebo for clinical outcomes in rhinoplasty using a methodologically rigorous meta-analysis. METHODS Electronic databases were searched without language restriction. Included trials were randomized controlled trials of systemic perioperative corticosteroid treatment vs placebo in rhinoplasty evaluating at least one of: edema, ecchymosis, bleeding, cosmetic outcome, and patient satisfaction. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was applied to included trials, and the quality of evidence for each outcome was assessed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS Analyses included 336 patients from eight trials. Perioperative corticosteroids reduced the worst edema (SMD: -1.03, 95%CI -1.30 to -0.76, P < .001) and ecchymosis (SMD: -0.78, 95%CI -1.09 to 0.47, P < .001) after rhinoplasty. At one day postoperative, a single dose of perioperative corticosteroid reduced edema (SMD -1.15, 95%CI -1.42 to -0.87, P < .001) and ecchymosis (SMD -0.79, 95%CI -1.05 to -0.52, P < .001). No clinical benefit in edema or ecchymosis was found seven days postoperatively, nor did intraoperative bleeding increase. CONCLUSIONS There is high quality evidence to support perioperative systemic corticosteroid treatment in rhinoplasty to reduce short-term edema and ecchymosis without increased intraoperative bleeding. These findings are not present at seven days. For future trials, we suggest evaluation of patient satisfaction, and correlation with long-term cosmetic outcome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2: Therapeutic.
Highly Expressed Genes Are Preferentially Co-Opted for C4 Photosynthesis

Abstract Novel adaptations are generally assembled by co-opting pre-existing genetic components, but the factors dictating the suitability of genes for new functions remain poorly known. In this work, we used comparative transcriptomics to determine the attributes that increased the likelihood of some genes being co-opted for C4 photosynthesis, a convergent complex trait that boosts productivity in tropical conditions. We show that independent lineages of grasses repeatedly co-opted the gene lineages that were the most highly expressed in non-C4 ancestors to produce their C4 pathway. Although ancestral abundance in leaves explains which genes were used for the emergence of a C4 pathway, the tissue specificity has surprisingly no effect. Our results suggest that levels of key genes were elevated during the early diversification of grasses and subsequently repeatedly used to trigger a weak C4 cycle via relatively few mutations. The abundance of C4-suitable transcripts therefore facilitated physiological innovation, but the transition to a strong C4 pathway still involved consequent changes in expression levels, leaf specificity, and coding sequences. The direction and amount of changes required for the strong C4 pathway depended on the identity of the genes co-opted, so that ancestral gene expression both facilitates adaptive transitions and constrains subsequent evolutionary trajectories.
Models for Predicting the Development of Insulin Resistance

Insulin resistance is the leading cause for developing type 2 diabetes. Early determination of insulin resistance and herewith of impending type 2 diabetes could help to establish sooner preventive measures or even therapies. However, an optimal predictive model for developing insulin resistance has not been established yet. Based on the data of an Austrian cohort study (SAPHIR study) various predictive models were calculated and compared to each other. For developing predictive models logistic regression models were used. For finding an optimal cut-off value an ROC approach was used. Based on various biochemical parameters an overall percentage of around 82% correct classifications could be achieved.
HB+tree: use hadoop and HBase even your data isn't that big

Cloud providers store on databases for their users an increasing large number of data. These data are most of the time multi-dimensional and so applications using these data must have some type of indexing on them to perform queries on them efficiently. This indexing scheme must be scalable and also has low maintenance cost. The main task of this paper is a Comparison between a New Novel Hadoop-based distributed B+-tree, which index HBase nodes (the so-called HB+-tree:HBase B+-tree) and the concurrent local B+-tree in I/O model. We try to examine where each of these implementations are better and for which parameters we can achieve better performance. We conduct extensive experiments for both indexing methods, and the results demonstrate that for each studied use case the Cloud version outperforms the Centralized implementation, which is not always obvious according to [4].
Development of an image-based multi-scale finite-element approach to predict mechanical response of asphalt mixtures

Image-based simulation of complex materials is a very important tool for understanding their mechanical behaviour and an effective tool for successful design of composite materials. Asphalt concrete (AC) as one of these multi-phase complex materials is a composite of asphalt binder, air voids, and mineral aggregate particles. Simulation of AC with numerical methods is not a new topic but is faced with many challenges. In addition to requiring tremendous computational cost, it is not clear yet how to effectively model the aggregate-to-aggregate contact behaviour during loading and deformation. In this paper, an image-based multi-scale modelling is introduced to reduce the computational cost significantly by reducing the amount of elements in the numerical model. In this approach, the “up-scaling” and homogenisation of each scale to the next is critically designed to improve accuracy. In addition to this multi-scale efficiency, this study introduces an approach for consideration of particle contacts at each of the scales in which mineral particles exist. The finite-element (FE) analysis is performed in the study at four scales, namely asphalt binder, mastic, mortar, and asphalt mixture scales. The well-known FE software ABAQUS is used to conduct FE simulations at all scales. The inputs are based on the experimentally derived measurements for the binder viscoelastic properties from which the binder constitutive model is implemented into the software via the user material subroutine. For the scales of mastic and mortar, the two-dimensional (2D) images of mastic and mortar scales were generated artificially and used to characterise the properties of those scales. Finally, the 2D scanned images of asphalt mixtures after elimination of fine aggregate particles are used to study the asphalt mixture behaviour under uniaxial creep and recovery loading. Comparison between experimental results and the results from the model shows that the model developed in this study is capable of predicting the effect of asphalt binder properties and aggregate micro-structure on mechanical behaviour of AC under repeated creep loading.
Memory consolidation in children with specific language impairment: Delayed gains and susceptibility to interference in implicit sequence learning

ABSTRACT In this study, the time course of the procedural learning of a visuomotor sequence skill was followed over a 24-hour and a 1-week time period in children with and without specific language impairment (SLI). Two aspects of memory consolidation in implicit sequence learning were examined: the evolution of post-training gains in sequence knowledge (Experiment 1) and the susceptibility to interference (Experiment 2). In the first experiment, 18 children with SLI and 17 control children matched for sex, age, and nonverbal intelligence completed a serial reaction-time (SRT) task and were tested 24 hours and 1 week after practicing. The two groups of children attained an equal level of sequence knowledge in the training session, but the children with SLI lacked the consolidation gains displayed by the control children in the two post-training sessions. Working with a new group of children, 17 with SLI and 17 control peers, Experiment 2 examined resistance to interference by introducing a second sequence 15 min after the first training session. Similar results were obtained for the performance of both groups in the training session. However, although the performance of the control group improved in the post-training sessions, the performance of the SLI group deteriorated significantly during the consolidation phase due to the interfering sequence. These findings suggest that the consolidation phase of sequence learning is impaired in children with SLI.
Reflection on the cause and avoidance of recurrent venous leg ulcers: An interpretive descriptive approach

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the experience of recurrent venous leg ulcers from the individual's perspective and provide knowledge on potential risks of recurrence not previously investigated. BACKGROUND Venous leg ulcers are a consequence of chronic venous disease and frequently recur. They are costly and can impact on physical and psychological health. Despite research suggesting the risk can be reduced through compression and lifestyle changes, recurrence rates are often high. This study provides an insight into individual's perceptions of the cause of their ulcers and how they try to avoid them. DESIGN A qualitative design guided by the Chronic Illness Trajectory Model and Social Cognitive Theory. METHOD A purposive sample of three males and four females were recruited from a community nursing clinic. Participants were ulcer free, had experienced at least two previous venous leg ulcers and could speak and comprehend English. An interpretive descriptive approach was taken using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. RESULTS Three themes each containing three categories emerged: The Increasing Influence of the Recurring Wound on Mind and Body, Reflection on Past Experiences and Optimism in the Face of Adversity. Most participants reported traumatic injury and lower leg surgery triggered ulcer recurrence. Failure to replace compression stockings was also deemed a cause. Compression was reported essential, but some participants were unaware of the level they were wearing and how often it should be replaced. Other preventive activities included avoiding injury and securing immediate assistance if wounding occurred. CONCLUSION Clinicians need to be aware that lower leg surgery may trigger recurrent venous ulceration and that individuals require ongoing emotional, physical and financial support throughout the trajectory of venous disease. The continued use of old compression stockings should be avoided and recurrence prevented by adoption of evidence-based practice rather than reflection on past experiences. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This research raises the awareness of factors from the individual's perspective which can influence the recurrence of venous leg ulcers.
Characteristics of photonic nanojets from dielectric microparticles of various spatial shapes

The near field of scattering of an optical wave (zone of photonic jet (PhJ)) at radially symmetric nonabsorbing micronsized dielectric particles is numerically simulated with an emphasis at the study of size and amplitude parameters of photonic jets from quartz microparticles of various spatial shape and orientation. Photonic jets from hemispheres are shown to have the long length, but relatively low intensity. The use of conical particles of a certain shape gives a record increase of the PhJ length up to two tens of wavelengths of the incident radiation (at the fixed intensity level) at the preserved subwavelength transverse dimension of the photonic jet.
HIGH STRENGTH AND HIGH TOUGHNESS HEATRESISTANT MARTENSITIC STEEL PRODUCED BY ECAP

The microstructures and mechanical properties of 1Cr16Co5Ni2MoWVNbN marten- site heat-resistant steel subjected to equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)for one pass and subse- quent heat treatment were investigated.It was found that most of the martensite lathes had been broken into sub-grain and dislocation cell,and the second phase nano-particles(M_(23)C_6)distributed more uniformly after ECAP deformation.By annealing at 680℃for 2 h,the dislocation density decreased and more amount of equiaxed subgrains with size of several hundred of nanometers formed, while the recovery and recrystallization occured.The yield strength of the ECAPed sample increased significantly(1400 MPa),but its elongation and static toughness decreased a lot(7.3% and 100 MJ/m~3). After subsequent annealing treatment,both the strength and static toughness of the steel can be in- creased simultaneously(1044 MPa and 181.6 MJ/m~3)in comparison with those of initial state.
Dissecting common and divergent molecular pathways elicited by CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in freshwater and marine sentinel invertebrates

Abstract Water ecosystems represent main targets of unintentional contamination of nanomaterials, due to industrial waste or other anthropogenic activities. Nanoparticle insult to living organisms may occur in a sequential way, first by chemical interactions of the material with the target membrane, then by progressive internalisation and interaction with cellular structures and organelles. These events trigger a signal transduction, through which cells modulate molecular pathway in order to respond and survive to the external elicitation. Therefore, the analysis of the global changes of the molecular machinery, possibly induced in an organism upon exposure to a given nanomaterial, may provide unique clues for proper and exhaustive risk assessment. Here, we tested the impact of core/shell CdSe/ZnS QDs coated by a positively charged polymer on two aquatic species, the polyp Hydra vulgaris and the coral S. pistillata, representative of freshwater and sea habitats, respectively. By using reliable approaches based on animal behaviour and physiology together with a whole transcriptomic profiling, we determined several toxicity endpoints. Despite the difference in the efficiency of uptake, both species were severely affected by QD treatment, resulting in dramatic morphological damages and tissue bleaching. Global transcriptional changes were also detected in both organisms, but presenting different temporal dynamics, suggesting both common and divergent functional responses in the two sentinel organisms. Due to the striking conservation of structure and genomic organisation among animals throughout evolution, our expression profiling offers new clues to identify novel molecular markers and pathways for comparative transcriptomics of nanotoxicity.
Efficient pole detection and grasping for autonomous biped climbing robots

Biped climbing robots alternately use their grippers for attaching to locomotion in truss-style environments. To implement autonomous climbing, pose detection and grasping of the target pole is one of the fundamental capabilities. In this paper, we present our methodology to efficiently detect and recognize a pole for grasping based on a low-cost depth-image camera only. Each pole, the element of a truss, is parameterized to describe the structural environment and to guide the sensor data processing. Acquiring depth and image data from the camera mounting on top of the gripper, efficient algorithms are then deployed to extract, recognize and parameterize the target pole. Feasible grasping pose are finally computed considering the geometrics of both the gripper and the target pole, and the movement of each joint is obtained by solving inverse kinematics and sent for servoing to fulfill autonomous grasping. A serials of experiments have been conducted to verify that the proposed methodology and accompanying algorithms satisfy the application requirement for biped climbing robots.
Effect of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Quality, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato Cultivated by Organic Substrate in Bag

【Objective】This study aims at discovering the relations of water and fertilizer with the quality, yield and water use efficiency of tomato cultivated by organic substrate in bag, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the high-efficient production of tomato in greenhouse. 【Method】Tomato ‘Jinpeng 1' was used to investigate the effects of water and fertilizer coupling on quality,yield and water use efficiency of tomato cultivated by organic substrate in bag, meanwhile, synthetically evaluated the quality of tomato by principal component analysis and analyzed the cost and profit of different treatments. 【Result】The results indicated that the content of NO-3-N and soluble protein in tomato fruits increased with the increasing of fertilize under the same irrigation levels,but the content of Vc, lycopene and soluble sugar showed a trend of first increase and then decline. Under the same fertility condition,the content of NO-3-N, Vc, soluble protein and soluble sugar gradually reduced with the improvement of substrate moisture, and that lycopene content of AW level was the highest. The yield of tomato cultivated by organic substrate increased as the amounts of water and fertilizer increased, the effects of fertilizer, water and their interactions on yield of tomato were very significant, and the orders of the factors were water, fertilizer, their interactions in turn. The irrigation water use efficiency of tomato cultivated by organic substrate in bag showed a trend of first increase and then decline with the increasing of irrigation and fertilizer, the effects of fertilizer and water on irrigation water use efficiency were highly significant, while their interactions had no significant influence on irrigation water use efficiency of tomato. The net income of HFHW was the highest and had no significant differences with AFAW, HFAW and AFHW, while the net income of LFLW was substantially below others. 【Conclusion】Considering the quality, yield, water use efficiency, conserving resources and sustainable production, the AFAW is the optimal choice without degrading much of quality and net income of tomato.
Face recognition in uncontrolled conditions

Face recognition has many challenges in real conditions such as pose variation, low resolution, facial expression, illumination changes, blurriness and occlusion. This paper introduces a novel face recognition system which works under these real conditions. The system uses multi scale landmark-based histogram of gradient for feature extraction and PCA whitened space for classification. To show the efficiency of our system, it is tested on the FERET database in addition to the database collected by this paper. The collected database is provided in real conditions including all the mentioned challenges.
How phonological awareness mediates the relation between working memory and word reading efficiency in children with dyslexia

This study examined the relation between working memory, phonological awareness, and word reading efficiency in fourth‐grade children with dyslexia. To test whether the relation between phonological awareness and word reading efficiency differed for children with dyslexia versus typically developing children, we assessed phonological awareness and word reading efficiency in 50 children with dyslexia (aged 9;10, 35 boys) and 613 typically developing children (aged 9;5, 279 boys). Phonological awareness was found to be associated with word reading efficiency, similar for children with dyslexia and typically developing children. To find out whether the relation between working memory and word reading efficiency in the group with dyslexia could be explained by phonological awareness, the children with dyslexia were also tested on working memory. Results of a mediation analysis showed a significant indirect effect of working memory on word reading efficiency via phonological awareness. Working memory predicted reading efficiency, via its relation with phonological awareness in children with dyslexia. This indicates that working memory is necessary for word reading efficiency via its impact on phonological awareness and that phonological awareness continues to be important for word reading efficiency in older children with dyslexia.
Computer Simulation of Film Blowing

The present work is concerned with the numerical simulation of the blown film process and its comparison to experimental data. The bubble formation and the biaxial stretching of the film were studied using a non-isothermal, purely viscous, temperature dependent model. The model is incorporated into a software package called B-FILMCAD. Special attention has been given to the importance of the temperature in the modeling of the blown film process. It was found that temperature is by far the most important modeling parameter. The results show that the majority of the process parameters can be successfully predicted by the employed model, showing a good agreement between experimental data from various investigators and numerical predictions. This was valid for most of the studied cases despite the diversity of the experimental data. With the use of the present model many useful conclusions can be drawn about blown film production lines.