Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERIZATION OF Fe-Ni-BEARING METEORITES BY SYNCHROTRON X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Fe-Ni-bearing meteorites contain very unique minerals due to their formation at very slow cooling rates. Some of these minerals have similar lattice parameters, only differing in the formation of superlattice patterns or in their composition. This differentiation is hard to achieve with conventional X-ray diffraction equipments and commonly-used exposure times. In particular, the coexistence of the ordered Fe-Ni phase, Tetrataenite (L10) with disordered paramagnetic Fe-rich phase, Antitaenite, previously proposed based on Mossbauer evidence [1], but never unambiguously observed by a diffraction method. This paper reports the results of Synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation of iron meteorites carried out at the Laboratorio Nacional de Luz Sincrotron (Campinas, Brazil). The goniometer was used in Bragg-Brentano geometry, with divergence and scattering slits (1.5 mm) and a 1 mm width receiving slit. The X-ray wavelength was chosen to be 0.174565 nm (7102.5 ± 2.5 eV), a value which is near the minimum scattering power of Fe, to increase the scattering power difference between iron and nickel. The LaB6 NIST standard (660a) was used to check the angular position and to evaluate the instrumental profile. X-ray diffraction data were analyzed using the TOPAS 3.0 Rietveld program [2] and the fundamental parameters approach. The results for the Santa Catharina meteorite confirmed for the first time the presence of a disordered face centered cubic phase (FCC), space group Fm-3m, with stoichiometry Fe0.6665Ni0. 3335 and lattice parameter of 0.3588 nm. This phase agrees with the previously proposed paramagnetic antitaenite [1]. The other two Fe-Ni phases were an ordered phase and irondeficient Tetrataenite (Fe0.4356Ni0.5644) and a disordered phase, face centered cubic, with almost the same composition as the ordered phase (Fe0.4385Ni0.5615). The relative amounts of these phases are 44.6 wt% Tetrataenite, 48.9 wt% Antitaenite and 6.5 wt% disordered FCC phase. Results for other meteorites will also be reported.
A comparative study of Quadratic Backoff and Binary Exponential Backoff in IEEE 802.11 DCF networks

In this paper, a unified analytical model is established to analyze the performance of backoff schemes in IEEE 802.11 DCF networks under saturation condition. It is shown that BEB suffers from deteriorated queueing performance due to a large second moment of access delay, and a key to reduce the second moment lies in the growth rate of the backoff window size. Quadratic Backoff (QB) is further proposed, with which the backoff window size is quadratically increased upon collisions. Both the theoretical and simulation results show that QB can achieve a comparable throughput with that of BEB, but with much better queueing performance.
A Novel Mechanism for TNFR-Associated Factor 6-Dependent CD40 Signaling1

Members of the TNFR family play critical roles in the regulation of the immune system. One member of the family critical for efficient activation of T-dependent humoral immune responses is CD40, a cell surface protein expressed by B cells and other APC. The cytoplasmic domain of CD40 interacts with several members of the TNFR-associated factor (TRAF) family, which link CD40 to intracellular signaling pathways. TRAF2 and 6 appear to play particularly important roles in CD40 signaling. Previous studies suggest that the two molecules have certain overlapping roles in signaling, but that unique roles for each molecule also exist. To better define the roles of TRAF2 and TRAF6 in CD40 signaling, we used somatic cell gene targeting to generate TRAF-deficient mouse B cell lines. A20.2J cells deficient in TRAF6 exhibit marked defects in CD40-mediated JNK activation and the up-regulation of CD80. Our previous experiments with TRAF2-deficient B cell lines suggest that TRAF6 and TRAF2 may have redundant roles in CD40-mediated NF-κB activation. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found CD40-mediated activation of NF-κB intact in TRAF6-deficient cells and defective in cells lacking both TRAF2 and TRAF6. Interestingly, we found that TRAF6 mutants defective in CD40 binding were able to restore CD40-mediated JNK activation and CD80 up-regulation in TRAF6-deficient cells, indicating that TRAF6 may be able to contribute to certain CD40 signals without directly binding CD40.
Development of prostate cancer treatment: The good news

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in American men representing one‐third of all new cancer cases each year. This translates into one out of every six American men being diagnosed with prostate cancer over the course of their lifetimes. Over 31,000 of these men die each year from prostate cancer. Before the 1980's, 50% of men were diagnosed with widespread metastatic disease and there were few therapeutic choices for patients. The good news for patients is that, over the last 30 years there have been significant advances in detection and prognostication as well as major improvements in the surgical, radiation, and medical oncological management of prostate cancer. This review describes the evolution of these therapeutic modalities for prostate cancer. This evolution has been driven by the explosion of knowledge concerning cancer in general and in the specific biology of prostate cancer in particular over the last 30 years. This knowledge has been obtained by concentrating human and financial resources in organ specific studies of the prostate. The end result of this effort is that, today, 85% of new prostate cancer cases are diagnosed at local and regional stages and the 5‐year relative prostate cancer survival rate has increased by 20% since 1985. In addition, the therapeutic approach to prostate cancer can now be individualized based on the characteristics of the patient's disease. Finally, recent data suggest that the death rate from prostate cancer is decreasing by ∼4% per year since 1994. Further good news for patients is that new discoveries about the biology of prostate cancer are rapidly being translated into new therapies, a large number of which are currently being tested in clinical trials. Continued allocation of appropriate human and material resources should yield new, more effective therapies for prostate cancer that will further impact patient quality of life and survival in the 21st century. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Some notes on model rotation

Model rotation is an efficient technique for improving MUS finding algorithms. In previous work we have studied model rotation as an algorithm that traverses a graph which is induced by the input formula. This document introduces the notion of blocked edges, which are edges in this graph that can never be traversed. We show the existence of irredundant CNF formulas in which some clauses are unreachable by model rotation. Additionally, we proof a conjecture by Belov, Lynce and Marques-Silva.
Finding Biomarker Signatures in Pooled Sample Designs: A Simulation Framework for Methodological Comparisons

Detection of discriminating patterns in gene expression data can be accomplished by using various methods of statistical learning. It has been proposed that sample pooling in this context would have negative effects; however, pooling cannot always be avoided. We propose a simulation framework to explicitly investigate the parameters of patterns, experimental design, noise, and choice of method in order to find out which effects on classification performance are to be expected. We use a two-group classification task and simulated gene expression data with independent differentially expressed genes as well as bivariate linear patterns and the combination of both. Our results show a clear increase of prediction error with pool size. For pooled training sets powered partial least squares discriminant analysis outperforms discriminance analysis, random forests, and support vector machines with linear or radial kernel for two of three simulated scenarios. The proposed simulation approach can be implemented to systematically investigate a number of additional scenarios of practical interest.
Development of pointing device using DC-coupled electrooculogram

The purpose of this study is to support communication of individuals with motor paralysis having difficulty verbally communicating due to illnesses such as Guillain-Barre Syndrome or brain-stem infarction. We have developed and describe a pointing device controlled by DC-coupled electrooculograms (EOGs). The visual angle of the subject is estimated from the amplitude of vertical and horizontal EOGs for determining the two-dimensional pointing position on a PC screen in real time. The eye blinking artifact is reduced using a median filter. Electrode displacement is corrected by considering the potential gradient. Moreover, the position error caused by drift phenomenon is adjusted using head movement based on the vestibule-ocular reflex. The accuracy and operating speed of the proposed method were evaluated among a group of human subjects.
Cysteine Analogs with a Free Thiol Group Promote Fertilization by Reducing Disulfide Bonds in the Zona Pellucida of Mice1

ABSTRACT Archives of cryopreserved sperm harvested from genetically engineered mice, in mouse resource centers, are a readily accessible genetic resource for the scientific community. We previously reported that exposure of oocytes to reduced glutathione (GSH) greatly improves the fertilization rate of frozen-thawed mouse sperm. Application of GSH to in vitro fertilization techniques is widely accepted as a standard protocol to produce sufficient numbers of mice from cryopreserved sperm. However, the detailed mechanism of the enhancement of fertilization mediated by GSH in vitro is not fully understood. Here we focused on the chemical by determining the effects of its amino acid constituents and cysteine analogs on the fertilization of oocytes by frozen-thawed sperm. Furthermore, we determined the stability of these compounds in aqueous solution. We show here that l-cysteine (l-Cys), d-cysteine (d-Cys), or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) increased the rate of fertilization when added to the medium but did not adversely affect embryo development in vitro or in vivo. The levels of thiol groups of proteins in the zona pellucida (ZP) and the expansion of the ZP were increased by l-Cys, d-Cys, and NAC. These effects were abrogated by the methylation of the thiol group of l-Cys. NAC was the most stable of these compounds in the fertilization medium at 4°C. These results suggest that the thiol groups of cysteine analogs markedly enhance the fertilization rate of mouse oocytes.
Joint Syntactic and Semantic Parsing of Chinese

This paper explores joint syntactic and semantic parsing of Chinese to further improve the performance of both syntactic and semantic parsing, in particular the performance of semantic parsing (in this paper, semantic role labeling). This is done from two levels. Firstly, an integrated parsing approach is proposed to integrate semantic parsing into the syntactic parsing process. Secondly, semantic information generated by semantic parsing is incorporated into the syntactic parsing model to better capture semantic information in syntactic parsing. Evaluation on Chinese TreeBank, Chinese PropBank, and Chinese NomBank shows that our integrated parsing approach outperforms the pipeline parsing approach on n-best parse trees, a natural extension of the widely used pipeline parsing approach on the top-best parse tree. Moreover, it shows that incorporating semantic role-related information into the syntactic parsing model significantly improves the performance of both syntactic parsing and semantic parsing. To our best knowledge, this is the first research on exploring syntactic parsing and semantic role labeling for both verbal and nominal predicates in an integrated way.
ULTRASONIC DETERMINATION OF ELASTIC CONSTANTS OF METALS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

An ultrasonic pulse-echo technique was developed for measuring the dynamic elastic constants of metals at elevated temperatures. This technique and the test system developed for using it are described. The theory of ultrasonic wave propagation in polycrystalline solids, including the expressions used to calculate the elastic constants from the measured wave velocities are presented. The design criteria and the methods for meeting them in the development of the test system are also discussed. (auth)
Loss of ribosomal RNA modification causes developmental defects in zebrafish

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key roles in diverse cellular activities, and efficient ncRNA function requires extensive posttranscriptional nucleotide modifications. Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a group of ncRNAs that guide the modification of specific nucleotides in ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nuclear RNAs. To investigate the physiological relevance of rRNA modification in vertebrates, we suppressed the expression of three snoRNAs (U26, U44 and U78), either by disrupting the host gene splicing or by inhibiting the snoRNA precursor processing, and analyzed the consequences of snoRNA loss-of-function in zebrafish. Using a highly sensitive mass spectrometric analysis, we found that decreased snoRNA expression reduces the snoRNA-guided methylation of the target nucleotides. Impaired rRNA modification, even at a single site, led to severe morphological defects and embryonic lethality in zebrafish, which suggests that rRNA modifications play an essential role in vertebrate development. This study highlights the importance of posttranscriptional modifications and their role in ncRNA function in higher eukaryotes.
Effect of Self-Rewetting Fluids on Pulsating Heat Pipe Thermal Performance

Pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) have recently emerged as a possible cooling device for high heat flux electronics to replace conventional cooling devices. In this study, new experimental results were obtained for using self-rewetting fluids to enhance the heat transport of PHPs. Unlike other common liquids, the surface tension of self-rewetting fluids increases with temperature. The increase in surface tension at high temperatures causes the liquid to be drawn towards a heated surface if a dry spot appears, which improves boiling heat transfer. PHPs were constructed out of multiport extruded aluminum tubing with a square channel cross section. In experiments, heptanol was added to water at a concentration of less than 1 wt% to form the self-rewetting fluid. Several other parameters were adjusted for optimization, such as the aqueous alcohol solution concentration of the working fluid, the fluid fill ratio, and the heat pipe orientation. Using a self-rewetting fluid in PHPs was found to be highly effective in improving their heat transport capability. The PHPs delivered a better performance when oriented vertically rather than horizontally. As a working fluid, the heptanol water mixture outperformed both the butanol water mixture and pure water within the parameters of this experiment. © 2009 ASME
Scalable Pub/Sub System Using OpenFlow Control

Pub/Sub communication model becomes a basis of various applications, e.g., IoT/M2M, SNS. These application domains require new properties of the Pub/Sub infrastructure, for example, supporting a large number of devices in a widely distributed manner. In order to meet the demands, we proposed Scalable Pub/Sub System using OpenFlow Controller, which we call SDN Aware Pub/Sub (SAPS). SAPS utilizes the both Application Layer Multicast (ALM) and OpenFlow based multicast (OFM). A simulation was done for evaluating the hybrid architecture in traffic and transmission delay reduction. The result shows that in the tree topology, even if it has only 100 subscribers, OFM can reduce inter-cluster traffic 71.6% with 16 clusters compared to ALM-LA. It can also reduce maximum intercluster hops 87.5%. On the other hand, with only 100 subscribers, almost all of switches are involved in the OFM tree construction and consume flow table space for the topic. It indicates that our hybrid approach is effective in Pub/Sub optimization considering the resource limitation of OpenFlow switches.
Let-floating: moving bindings to give faster programs

Virtually every compiler performs transformations on the program it is compiling in an attempt to improve efficiency. Despite their importance, however, there have been few systematic attempts to categorise such transformations and measure their impact.In this paper we describe a particular group of transformations --- the "let-floating" transformations --- and give detailed measurements of their effect in an optimizing compiler for the non-strict functional language Haskell. Let-floating has not received much explicit attention in the past, but our measurements show that it is an important group of transformations (at least for lazy languages), offering a reduction of more than 30% in heap allocation and 15% in execution time.
The improved methods of teaching practice based on C language programming

Practice teaching is a very important step in the teaching process of many courses especially in the course of program design for computer teaching. C language program design is one of the basic courses of computer major in many universities. Because it is the prior course of the follow-up courses such as data structure and object-oriented technology, it has been seen as one of the most important classes of computer major. That is why all the computer teachers realize the importance of it in the whole process of teaching. The overview of teaching for C language program designing is showed in this paper. The result demonstrates that the improved methods of teaching have good effect in students' study.
The 1996 Hub-4 Sphinx-3 System

This paper describes the CMU Sphinx-3 system, and the configuration we used for the 1996 DARPA (Hub-4) evaluation. The model structure, acoustic modeling, language modeling, lexical modeling, and system structure are summarized. We also discuss the experimental results obtained with this system on the most recent DARPA evaluation, and some subsequent results are also discussed.
Algorithms for Reporting and Counting Geometric Intersections

An interesting class of "geometric intersection problems" calls for dealing with the pairwise intersections among a set of N objects in the plane, These problems arise in many applications such as printed circuit design, architectural data bases, and computer graphics. Shamos and Hoey have described a number of algorithms for detecting whether any two objects in a planar set intersect. In this paper we extend their work by giving algorithms that count the number of such intersections and algorithms that report all such intersections.
A category-based information filtering approach based on interval type 2 fuzzy sets

Category-based information filtering is ground on the representation of user preferences according to a set of categories of similar items. The use of type 1 fuzzy sets provides a good method to represent categories when only one static interpretation of them is considered. This representation is not enough when documents do not have the same meaning for two different users because there are some degrees of subjectivity. On the other hand, type 2 fuzzy sets have been successfully applied to manage uncertainty more effectively than type-1 fuzzy sets in several environments. This paper presents a method to manage efficiently uncertainties in the filtering process in environments where there is a constant flow of new information (news, e-mail, etc.) and multiple users are involved. The proposed solution is based on the extension of the categories-based filtering method using interval type 2 fuzzy sets for representing each category and the user preferences. Experimental results, that illustrate the feasibility of this approach, are provided.
SHM System for Monitoring and Prediction of Cracks Development in Concrete Structures

This paper describes the concept of monitoring the massive concrete structures based on the inverse problem solution. Properties of young concrete are changing very intensively in the early stage of hydration process, and therefore it is very important to know material constants as a function of age of concrete in order to accurately modeling the phenomena occurring in it. The main idea is to determine the time-dependent thermal properties of concrete on the basis of point temperature measurements in a small laboratory molds. Then, based on these parameters, the coupled thermo-mechanical equations are solved to describe the maturation and aging of concrete. This allows to specify (at the design stage) the potential risk of structural damage (e.g. thermal cracking) and thus prevent them e.g. through the use of intelligent cooling systems. Own, based on finite element method, software TMC (Thermal & Mechanical modeling of Concrete) gives also the possibility of predicting the formation of cracks during the aging of structure, which will be verified by means of electric sensor networks (so called ELGRID). This integration will enable to provide a complete system for monitoring and prediction of the structural stress state and damage development.
An Embedded Deep Learning based Word Prediction

Recent developments in deep learning with application to language modeling have led to success in tasks of text processing, summarizing and machine translation. However, deploying huge language models for mobile device such as on-device keyboards poses computation as a bottle-neck due to their puny computation capacities. In this work we propose an embedded deep learning based word prediction method that optimizes run-time memory and also provides a real time prediction environment. Our model size is 7.40MB and has average prediction time of 6.47 ms. We improve over the existing methods for word prediction in terms of key stroke savings and word prediction rate.
Design and evaluation of SDN-based orchestration system for cloud data centers

We present an SDN-based orchestration system that enables automated and coordinated arrangement of both computing and network resources in virtualized DC environments. The orchestrator is validated through a set of simulations, as well as through experiments carried out in a real laboratory. Results show that the proposed orchestration system improves the service requests acceptance rate and the utilization of network resources, while minimizing degradations of the user experience. Thus, DC resources can be effectively exploited, and different management objectives (e.g., load balancing, energy saving) can be reached.
Image Recognition using Coefficient of Correlation and Structural SIMilarity Index in Uncontrolled Environment

The goal of this paper is to analyse and improve the performance of metrics like Coefficient of Correlation (CoC) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) for image recognition in real-time environment. The main novelties of the methods are; it can work under uncontrolled environment and no need to store multiple copies of the same image at different orientations. The values of CoC and SSIM get changed if images are rotated or flipped or captured under bad/highly illuminated conditions. To increase the recognition accuracy, the input test image is pre-processed. First, discrete wavelet transform is applied to recognize the image captured under bad illuminated and dull lightning conditions. Second, to make the method rotation invariant, the test image is compared against the stored database image without and with rotations in the horizontal, vertical, diagonal, reverse diagonal and flipped directions. The image recognition performance is evaluated using the Recognition Rate and Rejection Rate. The results indicate that recognition performance of Correlation Coefficient and SSIM gets improved with rotations and discrete wavelet transform. Also it was observed that CoC with proposed modifications yield better results as compared to state of the art enhanced Principal Component Analysis and Enhanced Subspace Linear Discriminant Analysis. Keywords—Image Recognition, Discrete Wavelet Transforms, Correlation Coefficient, Structural Similarity Index Metrics.