Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Platelet inhibition with cangrelor in patients undergoing PCI.

BACKGROUND Cangrelor, a nonthienopyridine adenosine triphosphate analogue, is an intravenous blocker of the adenosine diphosphate receptor P2Y(12). This agent might have a role in the treatment of patients who require rapid, predictable, and profound but reversible platelet inhibition. METHODS We performed a large-scale international trial comparing cangrelor with 600 mg of oral clopidogrel administered before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes. The primary efficacy end point was a composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or ischemia-driven revascularization at 48 hours. RESULTS We enrolled 8877 patients, and 8716 underwent PCI. At 48 hours, cangrelor was not superior to clopidogrel with respect to the primary composite end point, which occurred in 7.5% of patients in the cangrelor group and 7.1% of patients in the clopidogrel group (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88 to 1.24; P=0.59). Likewise, cangrelor was not superior at 30 days. The rate of major bleeding (according to Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy criteria) was higher with cangrelor, a difference that approached statistical significance (3.6% vs. 2.9%; odds ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.60; P=0.06), but this was not the case with major bleeding (according to the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction criteria) or severe or life-threatening bleeding (according to Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries criteria). A secondary exploratory end point of death from any cause, Q-wave myocardial infarction, or ischemia-driven revascularization showed a trend toward a reduction with cangrelor, but it was not significant (0.6% vs. 0.9%; odds ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.14; P=0.14). CONCLUSIONS Cangrelor, when administered intravenously 30 minutes before PCI and continued for 2 hours after PCI, was not superior to an oral loading dose of 600 mg of clopidogrel, administered 30 minutes before PCI, in reducing the composite end point of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or ischemia-driven revascularization at 48 hours. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00305162.)
A Design Comparison of Low Power 50 nm Technology Based Inverter with Sleep Transistor and MTCMOS Scheme

ABSTRACT This paper proposes a sleep transistor based minimum size inverter in BSIM4.3. 0, 50nm CMOS technology with supply voltage of 1V, power dissipation of 46.28nW at 0.502V and maximum drain current of 70nA. The operating frequency is kept at 1GHz, and found that it can be used up to 10GHz successfully. The reduction in power dissipation is 98.88% and operating frequency is almost 2 times that of classical CMOS inverter. Whereas, the MTCMOS have 37.64nW as max and 56.66nA as max. It is also found better than MTCMOS in terms of delay and maximum power delay product. The trade off is in voltage swing by 15% compared to the conventional CMOS Inverter of the same size. The design is able to satisfy the low standby power requirement and simultaneously high performance during the active mode for many mixed signal applications.
Dual RpoH Sigma Factors and Transcriptional Plasticity in a Symbiotic Bacterium

ABSTRACT Sinorhizobium meliloti can live as a soil saprophyte and can engage in a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with plant roots. To succeed in such diverse environments, the bacteria must continually adjust gene expression. Transcriptional plasticity in eubacteria is often mediated by alternative sigma (σ) factors interacting with core RNA polymerase. The S. meliloti genome encodes 14 of these alternative σ factors, including two putative RpoH (“heat shock”) σ factors. We used custom Affymetrix symbiosis chips to characterize the global transcriptional response of S. meliloti rpoH1, rpoH2, and rpoH1 rpoH2 mutants during heat shock and stationary-phase growth. Under these conditions, expression of over 300 genes is dependent on rpoH1 and rpoH2. We mapped transcript start sites of 69 rpoH-dependent genes using 5′ RACE (5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends), which allowed us to determine putative RpoH1-dependent, RpoH2-dependent, and dual-promoter (RpoH1- and RpoH2-dependent) consensus sequences that were each used to search the genome for other potential direct targets of RpoH. The inferred S. meliloti RpoH promoter consensus sequences share features of Escherichia coli RpoH promoters but lack extended −10 motifs.
A Probabilistic Ranking Model for Audio Stream Retrieval

In Audio Stream Retrieval (ASR) systems, clients periodically query an audio database with an audio segment taken from the input audio stream to keep track of the flow of the stream in the original content sources or to compare two differently edited streams. We recently developed a series of ASR applications such as broadcast monitoring systems, automatic caption fetching systems, and automatic media edit tracking systems. Based on this experience, we propose a probabilistic ranking model designed for ASR systems. In order to train and test the model, we create a new set of audio streams and make it publicly available. Our experiments with these new streams confirm that the proposed ranking model works effectively with the retrieved results and reduces the errors when used in various ASR applications.
P‐selectin mediates neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cell borders

During an acute inflammatory response, endothelial P‐selectin (CD62P) can mediate the initial capture of neutrophils from the free flowing bloodstream. P‐selectin is stored in secretory granules (Weibel‐Palade bodies) and is rapidly expressed on the endothelial surface after stimulation with histamine or thrombin. Because neutrophil transmigration occurs preferentially at endothelial borders, we wished to determine whether P‐selectin‐dependent neutrophil capture (adhesion) occurs at endothelial cell borders. Under static or hydrodynamic flow (2 dyn/cm2) conditions, histamine (10‐4 M) or thrombin (0.2 U/mL) treatment induced preferential (≥ 75%) neutrophil adhesion to the cell borders of endothelial monolayers. Blocking antibody studies established that neutrophil adhesion was completely P‐selectin dependent. P‐selectin surface expression increased significantly after histamine treatment and P‐selectin immunostaining was concentrated along endothelial borders. We conclude that preferential P‐selectin expression along endothelial borders may be an important mechanism for targeting neutrophil migration at endothelial borders. J. Leukoc. Biol. 65: 299–306; 1999.
What (do) learners want (?): a re-examination of the issue of learner preferences regarding the use of ‘native’ speaker norms in English language teaching

The debate over models for language learning and use continues in the field of English language education. Opponents of ‘native’ speaker (NS) norms have put forth proposals suggesting alternative models (e.g. Jenkins’ lingua franca core), while supporters of traditional NS norms have resisted on a number of grounds, including appeals to learners’ preferences. Past research has found learner support for NS norms, and authors have interpreted this as a need for continued use of NS norms. However, the issue warrants further research, in particular longitudinal, qualitative (or mixed-methods) research such as that employed in this study. Such an approach is particularly strong in revealing that participants’ preferences and attitudes are highly complex, ambivalent, and contradictory. In particular, the study uncovered several factors that appear to confound learners’ preferences: (1) the effect of time spent in and exposure to contexts of English use, (2) whether learners feel NS norms represent abstract ideals or practical targets, (3) the extent to which learners aim to emulate NS norms (fully or partially), and (4) the influences of others’ expectations. Future research using such an approach is necessary to help clarify the role of these factors in accounting for learners’ preferences.
A Workbench for Finding Structure in Texts

In this paper we report on a set of computational tools with (n)SGML pipeline data flow for uncovering internal structure in natural language texts. The main idea behind the workbench is the independence of the text representation and text analysis phases. At the representation phase the text is converted from a sequence of characters to features of interest by means of the annotation tools. At the analysis phase those features are used by statistics gathering and inference tools for finding significant correlations in the texts. The analysis tools are independent of particular assumptions about the nature of the feature-set and work on the abstract level of feature-elements represented as SGML items.
Creative preservation: The development of an artistic approach to the preservation and presentation of the past

Abstract The article proposes “Creative Preservation” as an artistic approach to contemporary questions concerning the preservation and presentation of archaeological sites. By examining critically the role of cultural heritage today, it attempts to search for alternative perspectives and to retrieve forgotten sensibilities such as Diderot's “Poetics of Ruins”. It first examines concepts of time and authenticity, especially in archaeological sites, as interpreted by various authors from Poincare, von Schiller, Bergson and Simmel to Choay and Jokilehto.Dedicated to immaterial qualities of places, “Creative Preservation” suggests the refinement of “images of authenticity” in an attempt to penetrate and to communicate with deeper levels in the complex reality of ancient places – actual and specific locations which anchor and root memory in material.A first realization of this approach is presented in the form of the spiral viewpoint recently constructed at the northwest part of the archaeological site of Ram.
Distributed fault detection observer for rail vehicle suspension systems

Due to the complexity of the LRVs system, centralized fault detection strategy faces challenges such as the the fault detection observer designfault isolation and its implementation on a real on-board system. It is very desirable to separate the fault detection task into several on-board condition monitoring system. In this paper, a distributed fault detection method is proposed. For each vehicle, one observer is designed and the observers are co-operated mainly by the state estimation errors. When there is a detectable fault, the observers send an alarm signal if the residual evaluation is larger than a predefined threshold. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by simulation results for the secondary vertical damper fault.
Extreme Events and Multi-Name Credit Derivatives ∗

The dependence structure of asset returns lies at the heart of a class of models that is widely employed for the valuation of multi-name credit derivatives. In this work, we study the dependence structure of asset returns using copula functions. In particular, using a statistical methodology that relies on a minimal amount of distributional assumptions, we compare the dependence structures of asset and equity returns to provide some insight into the common practice of estimating the former using equity data. Our results show that the presence of joint extreme events in the data is not compatible with the assumption of Normal dependence, and support the use of equity returns as proxies for asset returns. Furthermore, we present evidence that the likelihood of joint extreme events does not diminish as we decrease the sampling frequency of our observations. Building on our empirical findings, we then describe how to capture the effects of joint extreme events by means of a simple and computationally efficient time-to-default simulation. Using a t-copula model, we analyze the impact of extreme events on the fair values and risk measures of popular multi-name credit derivatives such as n-to-default baskets and synthetic loss tranches.
Bacterial Resistance to Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitor GSK2251052 Develops during Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections

ABSTRACT GSK2251052, a novel leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) inhibitor, was in development for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. In a phase II study (study LRS114688) evaluating the efficacy of GSK2251052 in complicated urinary tract infections, resistance developed very rapidly in 3 of 14 subjects enrolled, with ≥32-fold increases in the GSK2251052 MIC of the infecting pathogen being detected. A fourth subject did not exhibit the development of resistance in the baseline pathogen but posttherapy did present with a different pathogen resistant to GSK2251052. Whole-genome DNA sequencing of Escherichia coli isolates collected longitudinally from two study LRS114688 subjects confirmed that GSK2251052 resistance was due to specific mutations, selected on the first day of therapy, in the LeuRS editing domain. Phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that resistant Escherichia coli isolates resulted from clonal expansion of baseline susceptible strains. This resistance development likely resulted from the confluence of multiple factors, of which only some can be assessed preclinically. Our study shows the challenges of developing antibiotics and the importance of clinical studies to evaluate their effect on disease pathogenesis. (These studies have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01381549 for the study of complicated urinary tract infections and registration no. NCT01381562 for the study of complicated intra-abdominal infections.)
How Part-Time Work Intensity Relates to Drug Use, Problem Behavior, Time Use, and Satisfaction among High School Seniors: Are These Consequences or Merely Correlates?.

This study related work intensity (hours worked per week) to indicators of psychosocial functioning and adjustment by using nationally representative samples of high school seniors, totalling over 70,000 respondents, from the classes of 1985-1989. Consistent with previous research, bivariate correlations were positive between work intensity and problem behaviors; these associations were diminished (but not eliminated) once background and educational success indicators were controlled, thus suggesting that selection factors contribute to the correlations. Work intensity appears to reduce the likelihood of getting sufficient sleep, eating breakfast, exercising, and having a satisfactory amount of leisure time. Conceptual and policy implications are discussed, including the possibility that long hours of part-time work may be both a symptom and a facilitator of psychosocial difficulties
Investigating the experiences of foundation degree students progressing to an honours degree: an integrated approach

Progression from a foundation degree to an honours degree has become an increasingly popular pathway through higher education. The route creates dual institution scenarios in which students can progress from a further education institution to a higher education institution. This paper reports on research into the academic and social integration of progression students into a higher education institution to complete their honours degree. It highlights the ways in which progression students face many first year issues whilst completing the final stage of their higher education studies and possible ways of addressing these issues. The evidence presented here suggests an explicit need to recognise not only the academic and social issues of progression, but also how these relate to the wider physical and cultural changes experienced. It also suggests that these issues are often overlooked by research which focuses almost exclusively on variables affecting the retention and attrition of traditional first year students.
INVESTIGATING OF GEOMETRICAL AND ASYMPTOTICAL PROPERTIES OF HYPERSPECTRAL DATA FOR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS

Hyperspectral images provide abundant information about objects. The high dimensionality of such images arise various problems such as curse of dimensionality and large hypothesis space. There are two methods to overcome the high dimensionality problem which are band selection and feature extraction. In this paper we present a feature extraction method based on an angular criterion; this method is defined so that minimizes angle between mean vector and samples with in each class and maximizes the angle between mean classes and simultaneously satisfies fisher criterion. It explores other aspects of pattern in feature space and tries to discriminate classes with respect to geometric parameters. We have employed the angular and the fisher criteria for feature extraction also the spectral angle mapper (SAM) and minimum distance (MD) classifiers are used for image classification. The results demonstrate that this method can improve the discrimination of objects in feature space and improve the classification accuracy of SAM classifier.
Service-based processes: design for business and technology

Composition of software services is a fundamental part in supporting enterprise business processes. Designed properly, executable processes can be used to closely support business processes by the integration of existing software services. In order to support business processes the design of the executable process must closely follow the business events and activities, as perceived by business actors. However, the design must also consider technical issues such as limitations in existing technology and systs. In this paper we examine how technical syst constraints influence the realization of business processes. Based on this examination we present a set of realization types that describes the transformation from a business process into its realization as an executable process. We also propose design criteria that need to be adhered to in order to cater to both business and technical needs.
An Analytical Model for the Lateral Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (LIGBT) on Thin SOI

While there are several analytical models dedicated to vertical insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) there is virtually no reliable model for lateral IGBTs (LIGBTs). LIGBTs are increasingly popular in smart power and power integrated circuits, especially in those applications where high voltage (e.g., 600 V) and high current capability (e.g., 30 A/cm2) are required. In this paper, we report for the first time a complete analytical model for the LIGBT based on semiconductor physics with very few fitting parameters. The model is implemented in the widely available circuit simulator PSpice. The model consistently describes the current and voltage waveforms for all loading conditions. The model is assessed against finite element device simulations and experimental results
Textual Analysis for Code Smell Detection

The negative impact of smells on the quality of a software systems has been empirical investigated in several studies. This has recalled the need to have approaches for the identification and the removal of smells. While approaches to remove smells have investigated the use of both structural and conceptual information extracted from source code, approaches to identify smells are based on structural information only. In this paper, we bridge the gap analyzing to what extent conceptual information, extracted using textual analysis techniques, can be used to identify smells in source code. The proposed textual-based approach for detecting smells in source code, coined as TACO (Textual Analysis for Code smell detectiOn), has been instantiated for detecting the Long Method smell and has been evaluated on three Java open source projects. The results indicate that TACO is able to detect between 50% and 77% of the smell instances with a precision ranging between 63% and 67%. In addition, the results show that TACO identifies smells that are not identified by approaches based on solely structural information.
Semitransparent low-bandgap polymer solar cells with high transmisision in green-wavelength range

Optical modeling based on transfer matrix method (TMM) is employed to investigate the performance of the semitransparent low-bandgap polymer solar cells (PSCs), which are constructed by sandwiching the polymer active layer between an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and a thin Ag electrode. It is revealed that the efficiency of the device is more than 2.5% with high transmission across the visible spectrum. In addition, by capping a 40nm-thick MoO3 layer on the thin Ag electrode, the transmission at the green-wavelength range (500–570nm) can be increased to over 70%. Furthermore, comparison between the devices with low-bandgap polymer and high-bandgap polymer demonstrates semitransparent PSCs with transmission window at the red and green part of the spectrum can be achieved by selecting suitable active layer material.
A low-power 10-bit 50-MS/s SAR ADC using a parasitic-compensated split-capacitor DAC

This paper presents a low-power 10-bit 50-MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC). To reduce power and area, the monotonic switching procedure is combined with a parasitic-compensated split-capacitor DAC that also has an improved capacitor matching. The nonlinearity of the conventional split-capacitor DAC due to parasitic capacitance and capacitor mismatch is improved by modifying the capacitor bank so that the bridge capacitor is an integer multiple of the unit capacitor (as opposed to fractional multiple in the conventional circuit) and by including two dummy unit capacitors connected to ground. The proposed 10-bit ADC is designed and simulated using a 90-nm CMOS technology. Post-layout simulation results show that at 1.0-V supply and 50 MS/s, the ADC achieves a signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) of 60.10 dB and consumes 0.32 mW with an input capacitance of 0.48 pF, resulting in a figure of merit (FoM) of 8.44 fJ/conversion-step. The ADC core occupies an active area of 215 × 215 µm2
Cooperation and Conversations about the Mind: A Study of Individual Differences in 2-Year-Olds and Their Siblings.

Sibling relationships appear important in fostering young children's growing theory-of-mind skills, but the quality of sibling interactions has rarely been investigated directly in relation to children's mental-state awareness (e.g. as indexed by talk about perceptions, desires, feelings, cognitions, i.e. inner state talk; IST). This study explored individual differences in young siblings' IST in relation to (i) child characteristics (verbal ability and theory-of-mind task performance); (ii) family characteristics (sib-ship size; social disadvantage, maternal well-being); and (iii) the quality of the children's play with their siblings (frequencies of pretence and reciprocal play). A socially diverse sample of III 2-year-olds was filmed at home playing with a sib (mean age = 4.92 years; SD = 1.67 years); these sessions were coded from video for reciprocal play and then transcribed and coded for 1ST and pretence. Verbal ability was assessed for both sibs; in addition, 2-year-olds completed theory-of-mind tasks. Age and verbal ability were correlated with frequencies of overall talk, IST, pretence and reciprocal play. (Theory-of-mind scores were also correlated with 2-year-olds' IST but this relation fell below significance once verbal ability was controlled). Significant independent relations were found between IST and children's quality of play, even when age, verbal ability and overall rates of talk were controlled. Although there were no gender contrasts in mean rates or in the variety of 1ST, gender differences were found in their correlates: in particular, context effects were significantly more important for girls than for boys. Individual differences in children's 1ST reflect multiple factors, including the dynamic features of children's reciprocal play.