Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiviral Peptides Targeting the West Nile Virus Envelope Protein

ABSTRACT West Nile virus (WNV) can cause fatal murine and human encephalitis. The viral envelope protein interacts with host cells. A murine brain cDNA phage display library was therefore probed with WNV envelope protein, resulting in the identification of several adherent peptides. Of these, peptide 1 prevented WNV infection in vitro with a 50% inhibition concentration of 67 μM and also inhibited infection of a related flavivirus, dengue virus. Peptide 9, a derivative of peptide 1, was a particularly potent inhibitor of WNV in vitro, with a 50% inhibition concentration of 2.6 μM. Moreover, mice challenged with WNV that had been incubated with peptide 9 had reduced viremia and fatality compared with control animals. Peptide 9 penetrated the murine blood-brain barrier and was found in the brain parenchyma, implying that it may have antiviral activity in the central nervous system. These short peptides serve as the basis for developing new therapeutics for West Nile encephalitis and, potentially, other flaviviruses.
Choreography Modeling and Analysis with Collaboration Diagrams

UML collaboration diagrams (called communication diagrams in [8]) provide a convenient visual model for specifying Web Service choreographies. A choreography specifies the desired set of interactions among a set of Web services. We formalize the interactions among Web services as conversations, i.e., the sequence of messages exchanged among the services, recorded in the order they are sent. This paper reviews our recent results on the realizability problem for choreographies specified as collaboration diagrams [4, 5]. The realizability problem investigates the following question: Is it possible to construct a set of peers that generate exactly the same set of conversations specified by a given choreography? To study this problem, we model a set of Web services (i.e., peers) as a set of communicating finite state machines [3] and we identify a set of sufficient conditions for realizability of a class of collaboration diagrams.
Method for Estimating Locations of Service Problem Causes in Service Function Chaining

We propose a method for estimating the locations of the causes of failure or deterioration in quality in the service function chains (SFCs) of datacenter networks by using tests packets. Our method is especially effective in service-quality deterioration where no alarms are notified from physical and virtual components. This method models SFC configurations by creating a correlation ID, which identifies a correlation between physical network elements and virtualized elements of the SFC components to enable us to find the components common to all SFCs that are either in failure or deteriorating. We consider such common components as locations where service problems can occur in SFCs. As a result of applying this method to SFCs in datacenter networks, it drastically reduced the number of candidate causes and computation time.
HARDWARE BASED BINARY ARITHMETIC ENGINE

Context Based Binary Arithmetic Coding (CBAC) is a part of JZ profile of Audio Video Coding Standard (AVS). The goal of this paper is to present the efficient hardware based binary arithmetic coder which is the main part of binarisation involved in CBAC of AVS. This paper explains about the efficient arithmetic coding involved in the video transcoding. The major concerns of using JZ profile of AVS is movie compression for high-density storage and relatively higher computational complexity can be tolerated at the encoder side to provide higher video quality. This arithmetic coder avoids the slow multiplication, here the traditional arithmetic calculation is transformed to software domain using log. The proposed arithmetic engine will give high compression gain and an efficient coding design for handling the high resolution video sequence. This is used for the effective pipelining process and increase the overall processing speed. The implementation of arithmetic coder in CABAC (Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) architecture is satisfying the CBAC feature. The study of this paper is required to know about the process of efficient AC(arithmetic coding) and the hardware based arithmetic engine in CBAC. The CBAC engine is implemented on Xilinx Virtex-5 ML501 Board. The synthesis and simulation results are presented. The proposed architecture can work with the 31.384MHz rate.
A Study on Features for the Detection of Copy-Move Forgeries

Blind image forensics aims to assess image authenticity. One of the most popular families of methods from this category is the detection of copy-move forgeries. In the past years, more than 15 different algorithms have been proposed for copy-move forgery detection. So far, the efficacy of these approaches has barely been examined. In this paper, we: a) present a common pipeline for copy-move forgery detection, b) perform a comparative study on 10 proposed copy-move features and c) introduce a new benchmark database for copy-move forgery detection. Experiments show that the recently proposed Fourier-Mellin features perform outstandingly if no geometric transformations are applied to the copied region. Furthermore, our experiments strongly support the use of kd-trees for the matching of similar blocks instead of lexicographic sorting.
Weakly supervised pain localization using multiple instance learning

Automatic pain recognition from videos is a vital clinical application and, owing to its spontaneous nature, poses interesting challenges to automatic facial expression recognition (AFER) research. Previous pain vs no-pain systems have highlighted two major challenges: (1) ground truth is provided for the sequence, but the presence or absence of the target expression for a given frame is unknown, and (2) the time point and the duration of the pain expression event(s) in each video are unknown. To address these issues we propose a novel framework (referred to as MS-MIL) where each sequence is represented as a bag containing multiple segments, and multiple instance learning (MIL) is employed to handle this weakly labeled data in the form of sequence level ground-truth. These segments are generated via multiple clustering of a sequence or running a multi-scale temporal scanning window, and are represented using a state-of-the-art Bag of Words (BoW) representation. This work extends the idea of detecting facial expressions through `concept frames' to `concept segments' and argues through extensive experiments that algorithms like MIL are needed to reap the benefits of such representation. The key advantages of our approach are: (1) joint detection and localization of painful frames using only sequence-level ground-truth, (2) incorporation of temporal dynamics by representing the data not as individual frames but as segments, and (3) extraction of multiple segments, which is well suited to signals with uncertain temporal location and duration in the video. Experiments on UNBC-McMaster Shoulder Pain dataset highlight the effectiveness of our approach by achieving promising results on the problem of pain detection in videos.
Consultation to Improve Treatment Integrity

The educational reform that had been mounting for decades but propelled into education practice at a blistering pace since the scaling up of the response to intervention (RtI) framework has resulted in most schools across the country organizing their academic and behavioral support services differently. As these changes take hold, many school social workers and other specialized instructional support personnel are jockeying to stay relevant by locating their work within this framework. To do this, Frey, Lingo, and Nelson (2010) suggested that these personnel place more emphasis on primary prevention efforts and an indirect service delivery model such that a primary role involves helping administrators and staff identify and adopt evidence-based practices (EBPs); coordinate the provision of services across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of support; and provide technical assistance to support the implementation of EBPs. This editorial elaborates on supporting the implementation of EBPs through consultation—a role that is familiar to school social work—and argues that this responsibility should be prioritized as school social workers attempt to locate their role within the changing landscape of specialized instructional support services. We believe the concept of treatment integrity is critical to this effort. Toward this end, we define consultation, describe the construct of treatment integrity, articulate the skills needed to improve treatment integrity, and review strategies in the current literature to influence implementer behavior.
A Trust Ontology for Business Collaborations

There are currently some ontologies of business collaboration that facilitate automated collaboration, such as e3value, REA, and BMO. However, these ontologies model the situation that all business actors can be trusted. This is not true in practice. To realize automated business collaboration, trust needs to be added to the business ontology. In this paper, we extend the e3value ontology with the concept of trust and show how this can be used to reason about trust on actors in a business network. We take a minimal approach, i.e. rather than adding all the nuances of the concept of trust, we provide the minimal extension that allows an actor to reason about trusting other actors in a useful way. We end the paper with a discussion of how this approach can be generalized to other approaches.
Functional Aspects of the EGF-Induced MAP Kinase Cascade: A Complex Self-Organizing System Approach

The EGF-induced MAP kinase cascade is one of the most important and best characterized networks in intracellular signalling. It has a vital role in the development and maturation of living organisms. However, when deregulated, it is involved in the onset of a number of diseases. Based on a computational model describing a “surface” and an “internalized” parallel route, we use systems biology techniques to characterize aspects of the network’s functional organization. We examine the re-organization of protein groups from low to high external stimulation, define functional groups of proteins within the network, determine the parameter best encoding for input intensity and predict the effect of protein removal to the system’s output response. Extensive functional re-organization of proteins is observed in the lower end of stimulus concentrations. As we move to higher concentrations the variability is less pronounced. 6 functional groups have emerged from a consensus clustering approach, reflecting different dynamical aspects of the network. Mutual information investigation revealed that the maximum activation rate of the two output proteins best encodes for stimulus intensity. Removal of each protein of the network resulted in a range of graded effects, from complete silencing to intense activation. Our results provide a new “vista” of the EGF-induced MAP kinase cascade, from the perspective of complex self-organizing systems. Functional grouping of the proteins reveals an organizational scheme contrasting the current understanding of modular topology. The six identified groups may provide the means to experimentally follow the dynamics of this complex network. Also, the vulnerability analysis approach may be used for the development of novel therapeutic targets in the context of personalized medicine.
Evasion of peptide, but not lipid antigen presentation, through pathogen-induced dendritic cell maturation

Dendritic cells (DC) present lipid and peptide antigens to T cells on CD1 and MHC Class II (MHCII), respectively. The relative contribution of these systems during the initiation of adaptive immunity after microbial infection is not characterized. MHCII molecules normally acquire antigen and rapidly traffic from phagolysosomes to the plasma membrane as part of DC maturation, whereas CD1 molecules instead continually recycle between these sites before, during, and after DC maturation. We find that in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected DCs, CD1 presents antigens quickly. Surprisingly, rapid DC maturation results in early failure and delay in MHCII presentation. Whereas both CD1b and MHCII localize to bacterial phagosomes early after phagocytosis, MHCII traffics from the phagosome to the plasma membrane with a rapid kinetic that can precede antigen availability and loading. Thus, rather than facilitating antigen presentation, a lack of coordination in timing may allow organisms to use DC maturation as a mechanism of immune evasion. In contrast, CD1 antigen presentation occurs in the face of Mtb infection and rapid DC maturation because a pool of CD1 molecules remains available on the phagolysosome membrane that is able to acquire lipid antigens and deliver them to the plasma membrane.
Models of cortico-basal ganglia circuits and synaptic plasticity for transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transcranial magnetic simulations (TMS) is an effective tool for studying pathophysiology of dystonia as well as various other movement or cognitive functions of the brain. To study how TMS induces complex neuronal responses and plasticity, we built computational models for primary motor cortex, basal ganglia and synaptic plasticity. Our models have successfully reproduced neuronal responses to TMS, corresponding neural plasticity induced by a number of repetitive TMS protocols and different signal pathways in basal ganglia. With integration of the three models into a unified large-scale model (work in progress), we will be able to provide insights into neuronal mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of TMS and pathophysiology of dystonia.
Optimal policies in energy harvesting two-way channels with processing costs

We consider a two-way communication channel in which both users rely solely on energy harvested from nature. Each user incurs a processing cost per unit time as long as it communicates; that is, each user's energy consumption includes energy spent for transmission and energy spent for processing. We maximize the sum throughput by a given deadline subject to energy causality constraints. We first show that the optimal power policy is bursty; the two users communicate only during a portion of the time that is uniquely determined by their available energies and processing costs. We show that it is optimal for the two users to be fully synchronized; they turn on and exchange data during the same portion of time, and then turn off together. We first solve the single energy arrival case, and then extend it to solve the multiple energy arrival throughput maximization problem. We show that it is optimal for the users to communicate in a deferred fashion; users postpone their energy consumption to utilize later time slots first. We present an algorithm that gives the optimal deferred policy by iteratively applying a modified version of the single energy arrival result in a backward manner.
Distribution And Host Range Of Mistletoe (Tapinanthusglobiferus) (A. Rich.) Van Tieghan) Along The Blue Nile Banks In Central Sudan

Mistletoe of the genus Tapinanthus(Loranthaceae) is a stem hemiparasite causing damage on citruses and guava trees in central Sudan. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate the distribution, incidence, , severity and host range of the parasite. Surveys were conducted in 2010\2013 in four States along the Blue Nile banks in an area extended about 492 km. Results indicated that the parasite is widely distributed along the Blue Nile banks from Al-Rusayris (12 ◌ 21' 4" N and 34 ◌ 22' 14" E) to Hisahisa (14 44' 47" N and 33° 17' 43" E). The highest incidence of the parasite (69%) occurred in Blue Nile State, followed by Sinar state (66.3%) with highest incidence (100%) reported in Singa Province. While Kamlin province (Northern Gezira state) and Khartoum state were seemed to be free from the parasite. The highest percentage of mistletoe infection was found on lime (Citrus aurantifoliaSwingle ) and guava (Psidiumguajava M.) in Western and Eastern Sinar, respectively, with disease severity index range between 74.2%- 90.6% in both localities. The parasitic weed appears to have a wide host range, attacking 22 species belonging to 14 families. The most affected trees were citruses, guava and Ziziphusspina-chriti. In conclusion the results reflects the epidemic situation of mistletoe along the Blue Nile banks, despite the lack of quantitative data concerning losses in fruit production of infected plants. It also revealed that mistletoe could parasitize a variety of host plants, with special preference of potential suitable hosts.
THE ACCURACY OF RADIOLOGICAL ESTIMATES OF GESTATIONAL AGE USING EARLY FETAL CROWN‐RUMP LENGTH MEASUREMENTS BY ULTRASOUND AS A BASIS FOR COMPARISON

Radiological estimates of gestational age in late pregnancy were compared with the gestational ages based on first trimester ultrasound crown‐rump length measurements in a series of 125 patients. It was found that the 95 per cent confidence limits of a radiological estimate were ± 3½ weeks, that both distal femoral and upper tibial epiphyses were frequently present much earlier than 36 and 38 weeks respectively, and that in almost half of the growth‐retarded babies in the series there was a bone‐age discrepancy of three or more weeks. It is recommended that more liberal use is made of early ultrasound measurements for the assessment of gestational age.
Smart manipulation of multiple bacteria-driven microobjects based on bacterial autonomous movement

Micro/Nano robots have attracted scientific attention to develop novel technologies such as drug delivery systems. Recently, flagellated bacteria have been used as the driving force of microobjects to develop bacteria-driven microrobots. In this paper, we propose a method of smart manipulation of multiple bacteria-driven microobjects with single manipulated guiderobot based on bacterial autonomous movement, named “SMARTBOT”, for enabling arbitrary and low cost manipulation of multiple bacteria-driven microrobots. We verify the capability of smart manipulation of multiple bacteria-driven microobjects based on bacterial autonomous movement by using micro/nano pipettes instead of a guiderobot. For the fabrication of the guiderobot and the cargo driven by the bacteria, the fabrication of the arbitrarily-shaped microobjects using photo lithography technique is demonstrated. Additionally, we demonstrate the remote control using optical tweezers and driving using flagellated bacteria of the fabricated arbitrarily-shaped microobjects.
Solar: A pervasive-computing infrastructure for context-aware mobile applications

Emerging pervasive computing technologies transform the way we live and work by embedding computation in our surrounding environment. To avoid increasing complexity, and allow the user to concentrate on her tasks, ap- plications must automatically adapt to their changing context, the physical and computational environment in which they run. To support these "context-aware" applications we propose a graph-based abstraction for collecting, aggregating, and disseminating context information. The abstraction models context informa- tion as events, which are produced by sources, flow through a directed acyclic graph of event-processing operators, and are delivered to subscribing applica- tions. Applications describe their desired event stream as a tree of operators that aggregate low-level context information published by existing sources into the high-level context information needed by the application. The operator graph is thus the dynamic combination of all applications' subscription trees. In this pa- per, we motivate our graph abstraction by discussing several applications under development, sketch the architecture of our system ("Solar") that implements our abstraction, report some early experimental results from the prototype, and out- line issues for future research.
School Counselors’ Self-Efficacy and Training Needs When Working with The K-12 Latino Student Population

According to the US Department of Education, Latinos represent the second largest racial/ethnic group enrolled in public K-12 schools (25%). Yet, little is known about how school counselors see their ability to work with Latino students. Thus, we asked school counselors to tell us how they view their ability to work with Latino students on 16 different tasks. Using these same tasks, we asked them about their inservice needs. The top task in terms of ability was: Conceptualize Latino students’ cultures as different rather than deficient. The top three training needs were: (1) Use functional Spanish to work more effectively with the Latino population, (2) Understanding how the students’ Latino culture heritage impacts their education values, and (3) Interpret Latino students' nonverbal body language and its significance in counseling. The school counselors also identified the training modalities they would be willing to use: “Anytime Web” (71%), “In Person” (70%), and “Live Web” (50%).
Self-assessment of cognitive deficits and prediction of performance on ImPACT testing in college athletes following concussion

SELF-ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE DEFICITS AND PREDICTION OF PERFORMANCE ON IMPACT TESTING IN COLLEGE ATHLETES FOLLOWING CONCUSSION by Amy Nicole Frazer This study sought to examine how effectively concussed college athletes are able to predict the effects of their concussion on their neuropsychological testing performance. Performance prediction tasks are often used to assess an individual‟s level of self-awareness, an area of deficit that has commonly been noted following more severe forms of traumatic brain injury. Little research has been conducted on the effects of sports-related concussion on an athlete‟s selfawareness. Surveys were administered to athletes before and after neuropsychological testing to assess an athlete‟s awareness of any deficits since their concussion and whether the athlete expected their concussion to affect their testing performance. Results indicate that athlete report of symptoms is most likely not a good indicator of when an athlete can be safely returned to play following a concussion due to inconsistent report of symptoms and the possible presence of impaired self-awareness or denial. SELF-ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE DEFICITS AND PREDICTION OF PERFORMANCE ON IMPACT TESTING IN COLLEGE ATHLETES FOLLOWING CONCUSSION A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Miami University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology by Amy Nicole Frazer Oxford, OH 2010 Advisor: ________________________________________ (Kathleen Hutchinson, Ph.D.) Reader: _________________________________________ (Kelly Knollman-Porter, M.A.) Reader: _________________________________________ (Brett Massie, Ed.D)