Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Readability of patient discharge instructions with and without the use of electronically available disease-specific templates

OBJECTIVE Low health literacy is common, leading to patient vulnerability during hospital discharge, when patients rely on written health instructions. We aimed to examine the impact of the use of electronic, patient-friendly, templated discharge instructions on the readability of discharge instructions provided to patients at discharge. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 233 patients discharged from a large tertiary care hospital to their homes following the implementation of a web-based "discharge module," which included the optional use of diagnosis-specific templated discharge instructions. We compared the readability of discharge instructions, as measured by the Flesch Reading Ease Level test (FREL, on a 0-100 scale, with higher scores indicating greater readability) and the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level test (FKGL, measured in grade levels), between discharges that used templated instructions (with or without modification) versus discharges that used clinician-generated instructions (with or without available templated instructions for the specific discharge diagnosis). RESULTS Templated discharge instructions were provided to patients in 45% of discharges. Of the 55% of patients that received clinician-generated discharge instructions, the majority (78.1%) had no available templated instruction for the specific discharge diagnosis. Templated discharge instructions had higher FREL scores (71 vs. 57, P < .001) and lower FKGL scores (5.6 vs. 7.6, P < .001), compared to clinician-generated discharge instructions. DISCUSSION The use of electronically available templated discharge instructions was associated with better readability (a higher FREL score and a lower FKGL score) than the use of clinician-generated discharge instructions. The main reason for clinicians to create discharge instructions was the lack of available templates for the patient's specific discharge diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Use of electronically available templated discharge instructions may be a viable option to improve the readability of written material provided to patients at discharge, although the library of available templates requires expansion.
Beyond Full Abstraction: Formalizing the Security Guarantees of Low-Level Compartmentalization

Compartmentalization is widely regarded as good security-engineering practice: if we break up a large software system into mutually distrustful components that run with minimal privileges, restricting their interactions to conform to well-defined interfaces, we can limit the damage caused by lowlevel attacks such as control-flow hijacking. But the formal guarantees provided by such low-level compartmentalization have seen surprisingly little investigation. We propose a new property, secure compartmentalization, that formally characterizes the security guarantees provided by lowlevel compartmentalization and clarifies its attacker model. We rationally reconstruct the secure compartmentalization property starting from the well-established notion of fully abstract compilation, by identifying and lifting three important limitations that make standard full abstraction unsuitable for compartmentalization. The connection to full abstraction allows us to prove secure compartmentalization for language implementations by adapting established proof techniques; we illustrate this for a simple unsafe imperative language with procedures and a compiler from this language to a compartmentalized abstract machine.
Effective literacy instruction in the elementary grades

The purpose of this study was to identify elements present in effective literacy instruction, i.e., those elements that fostered reading, speaking, listening, thinking, writing, and metacognitive skills. By examining variables that promoted literacy acquisition and achievement, a detailed account resulted which described classroom practice as related to teacher beliefs, strategies, materials, and classroom climate. The primary method of qualitative analysis used for this study was the Developmental Research Sequence (DRS) Method (Spradley, 1980). Two classrooms with exemplary teachers were studied extensively. Data collection involved the use of primary sources (interviews, observations, and student and teacher work) and secondary sources (records, databases, etc.). Fieldwork included note taking and audio and video recording. The cyclic model involved asking questions, making descriptive observations, collecting and analyzing data and using analysis to form new questions. Research led to the uncovering of themes present in effective literacy instruction. The study concluded with an ethnographic case study that postulates possible scenarios pertaining to instructional strategies, teacher personal beliefs, materials, and classroom climate. The findings from this study can assist reading teachers in development and implementation of effective instruction. Reading specialists and administrators will find the results useful in developing professional growth activities for teachers of reading. This study expands the existing literature on effective literacy instruction and allows the everyday practitioner to learn from these examples of success.
Design of fuzzy logic control of permanent magnet DC motor under real constraints and disturbances

This paper presents a design of the fuzzy logic control for a permanent magnet DC motor. The main objective is to achieve a robust controller under disturbances and unmodeled dynamics acting, such as load torque, dead zone, measurement noise and nonlinearities. The whole system contains the DC motor, driver, tachogenerator, external load and microprocessor based system (dSPACE CLP1004). This system is considered such as black box. The fuzzy controller is designed in simulation mode first. The model of whole system was obtained through identification procedure. Then this fuzzy controller is included into a real physical control structure. Control performance of the fuzzy controller in both simulation and experimental modes are compared under mentioned constraints. Also, results obtained by the fuzzy controller are compared with the same obtained by PID controller.
Probing Interstellar Turbulence in the Warm Ionized Medium using Emission Lines

The nature of turbulence in the warm ionized component of the interstellar medium (WIM) can be investigated using Fabry-Perot spectroscopy of optical emission lines. The H-alpha intensity provides the emission measure (EM) along a line of sight, which is used in conjunction with the scattering measure, rotation measure, and dispersion measure to study interstellar turbulence. Observations at high spectral resolution (10 km/s) allow measurements of the bulk radial velocity structure of the emitting gas and investigations of thermal and non-thermal (turbulent) broadening mechanisms through the line widths. By measuring the widths of the H-alpha line and an emission line from a heavier atom (e.g. the [S II] 6716 line), one can separate the thermal and non-thermal contributions to the line width. Preliminary studies using this method have shown that the broad range of H-alpha line widths (typically 15 - 50 km/s) is mostly due to differences in the non-thermal component of the width and that along many lines of sight this component dominates. The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) is in the process of producing a very sensitive kinematic map of the northern sky in H-alpha at one degree angular resolution and 12 km/s spectral resolution. WHAM is also mapping emission lines from heavier atoms such as sulfur and nitrogen for selected regions of the sky. This data set will provide unique new information concerning turbulence in the WIM.
Loose Phrase String Kernels

When representing textual documents by feature vectors for the purposes of further processing (e.g. for categorization, clustering, or visualization), one possible representation is based on “loose phrases” (also known as “proximity features”). This is a generalization of n-grams: a loose phrase is considered to appear in a document if all the words from the phrase occur sufficiently close to each other. We describe a kernel that corresponds to the dot product of documents under a loose phrase representation. This kernel can be plugged into any kernel method to deal with documents in the loose phrase representation instead of the bag of words representation.
Durational variability in speech and the rhythm class hypothesis

In this paper, we provide evidence for rhythmic classifications of speech from duration measurements. Our investigation differs from previous studies in two ways. Firstly, we do not relate speech rhythm to phonological units such as interstress intervals or syllable durations. Instead, we calculate durational variability in successive acoustic-phonetic intervals using Pairwise Variability Indices. Secondly, we compare measurements from languages traditionally classified as stress-, syllableor mora-timed with measurements from hitherto unclassified languages. The values obtained agree with the classification of English, Dutch and German as stress-timed and French and Spanish as syllable-timed: durational variability is greater in stress-timed languages than in syllable-timed languages. Values from Japanese, a mora-timed language, are similar to those from syllable-timed languages. But previously unclassified languages do not fit into any of the three classes. Instead, their values overlap with the margins of the stress-timed and the syllable-timed group.
Hippocampal Metaplasticity Is Required for the Formation of Temporal Associative Memories

Metaplasticity regulates the threshold for modification of synaptic strength and is an important regulator of learning rules; however, it is not known whether these cellular mechanisms for homeostatic regulation of synapses contribute to particular forms of learning. Conditional ablation of mGluR5 in CA1 pyramidal neurons resulted in the inability of low-frequency trains of afferent activation to prime synapses for subsequent theta burst potentiation. Priming-induced metaplasticity requires mGluR5-mediated mobilization of endocannabinoids during the priming train to induce long-term depression of inhibition (I-LTD). Mice lacking priming-induced plasticity had no deficit in spatial reference memory tasks, but were impaired in an associative task with a temporal component. Conversely, enhancing endocannabinoid signaling facilitated temporal associative memory acquisition and, after training animals in these tasks, ex vivo I-LTD was partially occluded and theta burst LTP was enhanced. Together, these results suggest a link between metaplasticity mechanisms in the hippocampus and the formation of temporal associative memories.
Spitzer Observations of the Prototypical Extremely Red Objects HR 10 and LBDS 53W091: Separating Dusty Starbursts from Old Elliptical Galaxies

We present Spitzer Space Telescope observations of the well-studied extremely red objects (EROs) HR 10 and LBDS 53W091 from 3.6 to 160 μm. These galaxies are the prototypes of the two primary classes of EROs: dusty starbursts and old, evolved galaxies, respectively. Both galaxies, as well as LBDS 53W069, another example of an old, quiescent galaxy, are well detected out to 8 μm. However, only the dusty starburst HR 10 is detected in the far-infrared. All three EROs have stellar masses of a few × 1011 M⊙. Using evolutionary model fits to their multiband photometry, we predict the infrared colors of similar EROs at 1 < z < 2. We find that blueward of observed 10 μm, the two ERO classes are virtually indistinguishable photometrically. Deep spectroscopy and 24 μm data allow the classes to be separated.
A Survey of Secure Data Deduplication

Now days due to advancement of storage technology and computer technology, larger fraction of data is being maintained in digitized form. The same data is stored over and over again, consuming unnecessary storage space on the disc. Deduplication is ideal for highly redundant operations like backup, which requires repeatedly coping and storing the same data. Data deduplication is one of the most alive topics in storage because it enables companies to save a lot of money on storage costs. For cloud provider it is very helpful because you can deduplicate what you store. Due to reduction in cost it is being more popular. This paper will briefly describe Data Deduplication and give a comprehensive survey.
Multi-Class Detection and Segmentation of Objects in Depth

The quality of life of many people could be improved by autonomous humanoid robots in the home. To function in the human world, a humanoid household robot must be able to locate itself and perceive the environment like a human; scene perception, object detection and segmentation, and object spatial localization in 3D are fundamental capabilities for such humanoid robots. This paper presents a 3D multi-class object detection and segmentation method. The contributions are twofold. Firstly, we present a multi-class detection method, where a minimal joint codebook is learned in a principled manner. Secondly, we incorporate depth information using RGB-D imagery, which increases the robustness of the method and gives the 3D location of objects -- necessary since the robot reasons in 3D space. Experiments show that the multi-class extension improves the detection efficiency with respect to the number of classes and the depth extension improves the detection robustness and give sufficient natural 3D location of the objects.
A retrospective study of acute kidney injury in hip arthroplasty patients receiving gentamicin and dicloxacillin

Background and purpose — Acute kidney injury is a known complication of antibiotic use. Antibiotic prophylaxis is essential to prevent periprosthetic infections after total hip replacement. We experienced a rise in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and in an effort to solve this problem, we changed our antibiotic prophylaxis protocol. We investigated whether removing gentamicin from our antibiotic protocol would cause fewer and less severe cases of renal impairment. Patients and methods — We performed a retrospective study involving 136 cases of total hip replacement, with 66 patients receiving dicloxacillin and gentamicin and 70 patients receiving dicloxacillin alone. Results — We found less cases of AKI in the dicloxacillin group (p = 0.03): the mean creatine level in the dicloxacillin/gentamicin group was 126 (25–422) μmol/L whereas it was 93 (39–278) μmol/L in the group that received dicloxacillin alone. We also found that cases were less severe in the dicloxacillin group than in the dicloxacillin/gentamicin group (p = 0.02). The relative risk of developing AKI was 3 times higher if dicloxacillin and gentamicin were both used (p = 0.02). Interpretation — After removing gentamicin, there were fewer and less severe cases of acute kidney injury
Diffusion strategies for distributed Kalman filtering: formulation and performance analysis

We consider the problem of distributed Kalman filtering, where a set of nodes are required to collectively estimate the state of a linear dynamic system from their individual measurements. Our focus is on diffusion strategies, where nodes communicate with their direct neighbors only, and the information is diffused across the network. We derive and analyze the mean and mean-square performance of the proposed algorithms and show by simulation that they outperform previous solutions.
Interactive Urban Map Design with Template and Parameterization

Cities are the largest human artifacts and appear often in digital entertainment. To create a virtual city, a roadmap has to be designed and a large number of buildings need to be generated. In this paper, we describe a method for procedurally generating urban map using template based techniques and parameterization algorithms in an interactive way. Our system is designed to allow developers hands on interactive control over the generation process. It can be controlled by a set of parameters that users can alter numerically or by manually operation in order to constrain and guide the results to fit a particular application's need. We achieve this by providing an interface allowing the user to directly manipulate geometric elements such as road intersection nodes and angle range between road segments, and to directly control many aspects of the procedural generation. The results are updated in real time, thus facilitating an interactive design process. Index Terms—map; template; paramerization
A Narrative on Collaborative Storyboarding

Collaborative storyboarding, an emerging area of re search, entails having groups of users work together to pro duce a sequence of user-system interactions. We conducted a study in which groups of designers were asked to construc t storyboards using predetermined components. Initial analysis of the study sessions shows the emergence of a model for collaborative storyboarding, outlining th e collaborative phases designers go through. The mode l can aid those studying design reuse and its supporting tools. Author
Resource allocation for fading multiple-access channels with partial channel state information

Dynamic resource allocation based on the current channel state is a promising strategy to increase the capacity of wireless links. The optimum accessing and resource allocation schemes are found for fading multiple-access channels with partial channel state information (CSI) at the transmitters. Partial knowledge of the fading states is a reasonable assumption for systems which provide a low rate feedback channel. Two simple feedback strategies are analysed. A 1-bit quantised feedback informs the mobile users whether the channel gain is above a given threshold and is particularly suited for the low SNR regime. The strongest users transmit simultaneously and exploit the inherent multi-user diversity. A best-user feedback merely reveals to the transmitters who currently has the best transmit conditions. The optimum accessing strategy is TDMA with random scheduling based on the channel gains. Both schemes operate surprisingly close to the optimum performance with ideal CSI at significantly reduced feedback rates to the transmitters.
The Analysis of Publish/Subscribe Systems over Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In this work, we analyze the publish/subscribe distributed system paradigm over mobile ad hoc networks with respect to the performance and the impact of different mobility speeds and patterns of all participants in urban and high-way scenarios. In order to handle mobility, our publish/subscribe framework relies on light-weight publish/subscribe brokers, which are chosen in a topic-driven fashion. With the option of geographic location and way point information, we discuss several publish/subscribe variants and analyze their advantages/disadvantages when applied in different mobility environment. Via simulations, we measure quality of service in terms of delivery ratio and message delay achieved by such different publish/subscribe schemes over different scenarios and mobility models.
A Service-Friendly Approach to Discover Traveling Companions Based on ANPR Data Stream

Traveling companions are object groups that move together in a period of time. In this paper, we introduce a special kind of traffic data stream, which is called Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) data. In order to quickly identify traveling companions on ANPR data stream, this paper proposes an analysis algorithm named COINCIDENT. Owing to the privacy and security of ANPR data stream, the algorithm is encapsulated as a data stream service. The main contributions include: 1) we consummate our previous stream data service model and design a traveling companion discovery service on the model. 2) the proposed COINCIDENT algorithm can instantly and continuously discover traveling companions on the live ANPR data stream. Final experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of our developed service.
Preliminary Outline of a Proposed Micromint Design Specification ∗

This manuscript contains a preliminary outline of a proposed design specification for the hashing chip from the Micromint micropayment scheme due to Rivest and Shamir [2]. The goal of the manuscript is to specify some of the actual parameters and design choices necessary to build a Micromint chip, and then to analyze the resulting construction.
Using output optimization strategy to improve the performance of F-Miner

In this paper, we revisit the frequent itemsets mining algorithm F-Miner which is an efficient algorithm on both sparse and dense databases. This paper focuses on how to reduce the time consumption of the outputting stage. This paper proposes two efficient output optimization strategies, output an item as string and compress the frequent itemset. Using these two strategies, we can improve the performance of the algorithm further. Experimental results show that the two output optimization strategies are efficient on both sparse and dense databases.
Making sense of urban mobility and encounter data

Moving human-computer interaction off the desktop and into our cities requires new approaches to understanding people and technologies in the built environment. We approach the city as a system, with human, physical and digital components and behaviours. In creating effective and usable urban pervasive computing systems, we need to take into account the patterns of movement and encounter amongst people, locations, and mobile and fixed devices in the city. Advances in mobile and wireless communications have enabled us to detect and record the presence and movement of devices through cities. This paper makes a number of methodological and empirical contributions. We present a toolkit of algorithms and visualisation techniques that we have developed to model and make sense of spatial and temporal patterns of mobility, presence and encounter. Applying this toolkit, we provide an analysis of urban Bluetooth data based on a longitudinal dataset containing millions of records associated with more than 70000 unique devices in the city of Bath, UK. Through a novel application of established complex network analysis techniques, we demonstrate a significant finding on the relationship between temporal factors and network structure. Finally, we suggest how our understanding and exploitation of these data may begin to inform the design and use of urban pervasive systems.
Response to Comment on Nordwall et al. Impact of HbA1c, Followed From Onset of Type 1 Diabetes, on the Development of Severe Retinopathy and Nephropathy: The VISS Study (Vascular Diabetic Complications in Southeast Sweden). Diabetes Care 2015;38:308–315

We thank Dr. Takahara (1) for the comment on our recent article exploring the impact of HbA1c, followed from diabetes onset, on the development of severe microvascular complications (2). As suggested, we have validated our results with Cox hazards analysis with severe microvascular events, i.e., laser-treated proliferative retinopathy and macroalbuminuria …