Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behavioural sensitization to cocaine is dissociated from changes in striatal NMDA receptor levels

Changes in glutamate transmission and alterations in glutamate receptor expression produced by the repeated administration of psychomotor stimulant drugs are considered an important neuroadaptation underlying the development and expression of behavioural and neurochemical sensitization to stimulant drugs. Two parallel experiments investigated the effects of repeated cocaine administration (five, once daily injections of 15 mg/kg, i.p.; 2 weeks withdrawal) on the expression of behavioural sensitization in response to a cocaine challenge (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and the changes in NMDA receptor binding in pooled tissue from the nucleus accumbens and the striatum. Compared with acute cocaine controls (n = 11), animals administered cocaine repeatedly displayed a sensitized stereotypic response to the cocaine challenge injection (n = 8). Despite this, no differences in either NMDA receptor density or affinity were observed between rats administered repeatedly with cocaine or saline, as indexed by [3H]MK-801 binding. The present findings call to question the rationale for NMDA receptor-based pharma-cotherapies for the treatment of the enduring symptomatology of stimulant addiction.
19-Benzoyloxy-13,16-seco-ent-beyeran 13,16-lactone

The title compound, C27H34O5, a beyerane-type diterpenoid prepared by peroxidation and benzoylation of isosteviol, contains a fused six-membered ring system. The O atoms of the benzoic ester and the lactone are disordered with occupancy ratios of 0.6 (4):0.4 (4) and 0.6 (2):0.4 (2), respectively. Three cyclohexane rings have chair conformations, whereas the remaining lactone ring adopts a half-chair conformation.
Comparing three-dimensional Bayesian segmentations for images with low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR<1) and strong attenuation

Abstract. This paper examines three Bayesian statistical segmentation techniques with an innovative attenuation compensation on synthetic data and breast ultrasound medical images. All use expectation maximization for estimating the Gaussian model parameters and segment the data using a three-dimensional (3-D) Markov random field pixel neighborhood. This paper compares three Bayesian segmentation techniques: maximum a posteriori simulated annealing (MAP-SA), MAP iterated conditional modes (MAP-ICM), and maximization of posterior marginals (MPM). We conclude that because of the high speckle noise and adverse attenuation challenges of breast ultrasound, the MPM algorithm has the best performance. This is due to better localized segmentation than the other MAP techniques. We present results first with synthetic images then with breast ultrasound. Our new contributions for a 3-D breast ultrasound produce improved results using a model of the noise, in which the Gaussian mean is proportional to the image attenuation with depth, combined with a new prior probability model.
Practical expressiveness of internal and external domain-specific modeling languages

During the long history of modeling and simulation, many answers have been given to the question of how to specify simulation models. Many of these approaches can be perceived as domain-specific modeling languages offering a syntax and a semantics. However, the individual languages are often vastly different. A central distinguishing aspect is the classification as external or internal domain-specific language. External and internal domain-specific languages are characterized by specific trade-offs regarding syntactical flexibility, computational efficiency, and amount of implementation work. We present a case study of alternative approaches to implement domain-specific languages for a small modeling problem in supply chain management. We illustrate the influence of using an external or internal language on different aspects of language performance, in particular the practical expressiveness, which we identify as one of the central properties of modeling languages.
A scientific visualization renderer

While scientific visualization systems share many requirements with other graphical applications, they also have special requirements that make solutions based on standard rendering hardware or software not entirely satisfactory. Those requirements are illustrated by describing the renderer used in a production scientific visualization system, Data Explorer. The requirements for a visualization renderer are discussed. Implementation techniques used to meet the requirements of parallelism, volume rendering of irregular data, clipping, and integration of rendering modalities are described. The renderer described is a software renderer, but it is hoped that the requirements and implementation presented might influence the design of future generations of rendering hardware. <<ETX>>
Design technologies for a 1.2V 2.4Gb/s/pin high capacity DDR4 SDRAM with TSVs

For the demand of sever systems with high performance, high density and low power consumption, 3-D DDR4 SDRAM with TSVs was developed. In order to achieve higher data rate at lower voltage in comparison with precedent DDR3 SDRAM with TSVs, the placements of TSVs have been optimized without the penalty of chip size and the calibration method for reducing process mismatch between stacked DRAM chips is proposed. Additionally, new cell test method for stacked dies is adopted to keep costs down and the skewed self-refresh is proposed to reduce power noise. The IO speed of new DDR4 SDRAM with TSVs is increased to 2.4Gb/s at 1.2V.
TSX Index Revisions and Corporate Performance

The information content and the impact of the S&P/TSX Composite Index revision on firm performance is studied. The results show that added companies experience significant increases in their expected earnings following the addition. For deletion, after adjusting for matched firms, the removed firms’ expected earnings demonstrate significant decreases, which indicates that investors may draw positive (negative) information from the addition to (deletion from) the TSX Index, similar to the pattern of S&P 500 Index revision. For realized earnings, removed companies do not demonstrate significant decrease, and added companies experience significant increase after May 2002, which patterns are different from that of S&P 500 Index. Possible reasons for such patterns are also discussed.
Evaluation of single sampling plan under the conditions of intervened poisson distribution

ABSTRACT Acceptance sampling, a major division in Statistical quality control, provides a guaranteed confidence on the product quality. Conventionally, when sampling plans are used all bad lots are rejected and good lots are accepted based on the defined conditions. The purpose of designing any sampling plan is to determine a sequence of action to be applied on a series of lots of defined quality and the decisions made on acceptance or rejection of lots sometimes leads to specified risks which may not favor producer and consumer. Thus, the objective of this article is to develop a design methodology of Single sampling plan under the conditions of Intervened Poisson distribution through unity value approach. Further, the efficiency of the proposed plan is assessed over the conventional single sampling plan and it is discussed through the numerical illustration.
Word accents and phonological neighbourhood as predictive cues in spoken language comprehension

The present contribution presents event-related potential (ERP) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) findings related to the processing of Swedish word accents. These results are then discussed and further analysed in the context of models of word activations and phonological neighbourhoods. It has previously been seen that word accents (either a low tone (accent 1) or a high tone (accent 2) on a word stem) can be used to pre-activate suffixes. Furthermore, it has been found that accent 1 seems to be a stronger suffix "predictor" of upcoming suffixes as compared to accent 2. It has been proposed that accent 1 stems give rise to a pre-activation negativity brain potential, which is related to their high inherent predictive weight as regards associated suffixes. The present study suggests that the processing differences between accent 1 and 2 can partly be explained by the difference in the number of word activations elicited by accent 1 and accent 2 word stems. This idea is tested by means of a regression analysis, which found that words in denser phonological neighbourhoods elicit smaller ERP negativities. (Less)
Moving an eInnovation from a Living Lab to the Real World: Politically Savvy Framing in ITAIDE's Beer Living Lab

Living Labs have been established as real-life pilot settings in which IT innovations are developed and validated. Once these steps have been completed, these innovations are ready to be moved out of the Living Lab environment into the real world. In many cases Living Lab innovations require not only technological but also socio-political and institutional changes to be made in order for them to be adopted. The need of sociopolitical and institutional changes becomes especially visible in cases where Living Lab participants attempt to propose innovative solutions for domains that are highly regulated. The reason for that is that in such cases, often the existing legal requirement would need to be adjusted first, in order to create grounds for the further adoption of the innovation. The question as to how to achieve such legal changes related to Living Lab innovations in a highly regulated environment has received vey limited attention. In this paper, we specifically focus on understanding of framing processes and how they are used by the Living Lab participants in a politically savvy way to mobilize a multilevel network of actors in their attempts to bring institutional change. We further investigate this framework through a case study involving a variety of framing processes that took place in the Beer Living Lab. The Beer Living Lab is part of the ITAIDE project that aims to develop and test an eCustoms solution for international trade. In addition to our contribution of the conceptual framework and the accompanying empirical case study, we also identify further implications for practitioners who are involved in similar Living Labs in highly regulated environments.
Complete Urethral Duplicity: A Rare Cause of Urinary Incontinence, New Type According to Effman's Classification

Aim: To describe the clinical, anatomical, therapeutic aspects and propose a diagram of a new type of a complete urethral duplicity in classification of Effman. Material and Methods: This was a case report of a 14-year-old patient who suffered from birth of incontinence occurring while sitting with concept of preservation of normal urination. The patient was carrying two urethral meatus, one continent and the other incontinent. The two urethral meatus were easy to catheterize. The imagery was non-contributory. Resection of accessory urethra helped to make the patient continent. Informed consent was obtained from the patient’s parents for the surgical management, the anonymous use of record and photographs for scientific aims. Results: The diagnosis of urethral duplicity was retained. An explanatory approach is reported, a new scheme is proposed to improve the classification of Effman. Conclusion: The urethral duplicity is a rare urogenital abnormality whose etiology and pathophysiology are not fully understood and has not finished delivering the secret of his classification.
PMV: Pre-partitioned Generalized Matrix-Vector Multiplication for Scalable Graph Mining

How can we analyze enormous networks including the Web and social networks which have hundreds of billions of nodes and edges? Network analyses have been conducted by various graph mining methods including shortest path computation, PageRank, connected component computation, random walk with restart, etc. These graph mining methods can be expressed as generalized matrix-vector multiplication which consists of few operations inspired by typical matrix-vector multiplication. Recently, several graph processing systems based on matrix-vector multiplication or their own primitives have been proposed to deal with large graphs; however, they all have failed on Web-scale graphs due to insufficient memory space or the lack of consideration for I/O costs. In this paper, we propose PMV (Pre-partitioned generalized Matrix-Vector multiplication), a scalable distributed graph mining method based on generalized matrix-vector multiplication on distributed systems. PMV significantly decreases the communication cost, which is the main bottleneck of distributed systems, by partitioning the input graph in advance and judiciously applying execution strategies based on the density of the pre-partitioned sub-matrices. Experiments show that PMV succeeds in processing up to 16x larger graphs than existing distributed memory-based graph mining methods, and requires 9x less time than previous disk-based graph mining methods by reducing I/O costs significantly.
Treatment of atrophic vaginitis with topical conjugated equine estrogens in postmenopausal Asian women

Objective We investigated the effects of 2 months of treatment with topical estrogens on atrophic vaginitis and gynecological health in Asian women. Study design Multicenter, open-label trial of 150 postmenopausal women age < 70 years with atrophic vaginitis. Women applied conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) vaginal cream (0.625 mg/g) once daily on days 1–21 of two 28-day cycles. Changes in the vaginal maturation index (VMI) from baseline to days 21 (month 1) and 49 (month 2) were the primary outcome. Physiological changes were assessed by the Genital Health Clinical Examination (GHCE). Results The VMI was significantly improved (p < 0.001) from baseline at each assessment period. The significant improvement in GHCE from baseline after 1 month (p < 0.001) was maintained at 2 months. Conclusions Vaginal treatment with CEE cream for 21 days of two consecutive 28-day cycles resulted in beneficial changes in the vaginal tissues and induced an overall genital health pattern more characteristic of the premenopausal state.
Cyclical mobilization and gated importation of thymocyte progenitors in the adult mouse: evidence for a thymus‐bone marrow feedback loop

Summary: It has recently been observed, as in the fetal thymus, that the importation of hematogenous thymocyte progenitors by the adult thymus is a gated phenomenon, whereby saturating numbers of progenitors periodically enter the thymus and occupy a finite number of intrathymic niches. In addition, the mobilization of thymocyte progenitors from the bone marrow appears to be a cyclical process that coincides temporally with the periods of thymic receptivity (open gate). It is proposed that these events are coordinated by a thymus‐bone marrow feedback loop in which a wave of developing triple negative (CD3–CD4–CD8–) thymocytes interacts with stromal cells in the stratified regions of the thymus cortex to sequentially induce the release of diffusible cytokines that regulate the production, mobilization, and recruitment of thymocyte progenitors. The likely components of this feedback loop are described here, as are the properties of the intrathymic vascular gates and niches for thymocyte progenitors. The cyclical production and release of thymocyte progenitors from the bone marrow is placed in the context of a general phenomenon of oscillatory feedback regulation involving all lymphohemopoietic cell lineages. Lastly, the question of whether the gated (as opposed to the continuous) entry of thymocyte progenitors is essential for normal thymocytopoiesis in adult life is discussed.
Alcohol outlets and child physical abuse and neglect: applying routine activities theory to the study of child maltreatment.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not alcohol access in neighborhood areas is differentially related to substantiated reports of child physical abuse and neglect. METHOD This cross-sectional ecological study uses spatial regression procedures to examine the relationship between the number of bars, restaurants and off-premise outlets per population and rates of child physical abuse and neglect in 940 census tracts in California, while controlling for levels of social disorganization, population density and county of residence. RESULTS The number of off-premise outlets per population was positively associated with rates of child physical abuse (b = 3.34, SE = 1.14), and the number of bars per population was positively related to rates of child neglect (b = 1.89, SE = 0.59). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that alcohol access is differentially related to type of child maltreatment, with higher densities of bars being related to higher rates of child neglect, and higher rates of off-premise outlets related to higher rates of child physical abuse. The findings suggest there is a spatial dynamic of neighborhoods that can result in child maltreatment and underscore the importance of examining the alcohol environment when developing programs to prevent child maltreatment.
Music Information Retrieval with Polyphonic Sounds and Timbre

With the fast booming of online music repositories, the problem of building music recommendation systems is of great importance. There is an increasing need for content-based automatic indexing to help users ﬁnd their fa-vorite music objects. Numerous approaches to acoustic feature extraction have already been proposed. However, most are based on pitch (fundamental frequency). Few methods focus on timbre, especially with polyphonic sounds (multiple distinct instruments), which occur often in the real music world. In this work, we perform a study on automatic classiﬁcation of musical instruments with polyphonic sounds. We use timbre descriptors. We report high classiﬁcation accuracy.
1,1′-(Butane-1,4-diyl)dipyridinium dibromide dihydrate

The organic cation in the title compound, C14H18N2 2+·2Br−·2H2O, is situated on an inversion centre. The cations, anions and water molecules are linked via O—H⋯Br, C—H⋯Br and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and π–π stacking interactions between adjacent pyridine rings, with a centroid–centroid separation of 3.8518 (17) Å.
Usage of fuzzy rule and SOM based model to identify a handwritten chemical symbol or structures

The basic components of chemical expressions and its corresponding reactions are chemical symbols and structures. To recognize a handwritten or printed chemical expression, proper identification of the chemical symbols and structures are important. This paper has reviewed the existing algorithms and models used for identifying the organic chemical structures. The objective of this paper is to find out chemical structures and symbols which are in a handwritten format and proposed model is based on fuzzy image segmentation technique.
Service marketing control as practice: a case study

Purpose – Service marketing research has developed practices for managing and controlling the human resources. However, the role of these control practices in organizations has neither been empirically studied in a systematic way nor been analyzed in relation to control theory. This paper seeks to address these gaps in previous research.Design/methodology/approach – Single case study of a Swedish financial service firm referred to as the Financial Institute which has drawn on service marketing practices to manage the organization and control the employees.Findings – The empirical findings suggest that control practices are associated with service marketing discourse controls for the customer orientation of the human resources.Originality/value – In order to analyze the empirical findings the paper draws on the control theory of organization studies. More particularly labor process theory and Foucauldian organization theory (FOT) are invoked. The analysis suggests that mainly FOT explains how service marke.
Quadriceps activation failure as a moderator of the relationship between quadriceps strength and physical function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE To determine if quadriceps activation failure (QAF) moderates the relationship between quadriceps strength and physical function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Quadriceps strength and QAF were measured in 105 subjects (80 females) with radiographically confirmed knee OA using a burst-superimposition maximum voluntary isometric quadriceps torque test procedure. Subjects performed the Get Up and Go test as a physical performance measure of function and completed the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) as a self-report measure of function. A principal component analysis was performed to combine the Get Up and Go score and the WOMAC subscores into a single function score. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the ability of 3 models to predict physical function (strength = function; strength + QAF = function; strength + QAF + [strength x QAF] = function). Partial F tests were used to compare differences in R(2) values between each model. RESULTS Each model independently predicted the principal component score for function. Adding the strength x QAF interaction term with strength to the model resulted in the highest prediction of function. The strength x QAF interaction indicated that subjects with lower levels of quadriceps strength and higher levels of QAF had lower levels of function than those with comparable levels of weakness but low levels of QAF. CONCLUSION The magnitude of QAF serves to moderate the relationship between quadriceps strength and physical function. Physical function may be more severely affected by weakness of the quadriceps muscles in individuals with knee OA who have higher degrees of QAF than those who may have quadriceps weakness, but do not have QAF.
Load curtailment strategy in distribution network with dispersed generations

Nowadays, large-scale penetration of dispersed generations (DGs) in the distribution systems has changed the structure of power system hence may create technical as well as safety problems. DGs have a large effect on real-time operation and planning for power systems by boosting the complicatedness of control, maintenance and protection of the distribution system network. Nevertheless, in the catastrophe following outage, the installation of DGs in the distribution system can provide local load reliability to be used during emergency and supply the required spinning reserve to maintain power system stability. However, the local voltage stability must be kept during emergency operation, therefore when voltage instability occurs in the distribution system, some load curtailments may be needed. Therefore this paper presents a new strategy of load curtailment in a distribution system with DGs. The proposed strategy is based on well-known static voltage stability approach; the modal analysis that involves eigenvalue and eigenvectors techniques. Numerical example on a 34-bus distribution network is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The analysis compare different load curtailment scheme with or without DGs.