Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Religious Homogamy and Marital Satisfaction Reconsidered

The relationship between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction is examined utilizing log-linear models. Inclusion of the separate effects of husband's and wife's religion on marital satisfaction allows us to control for the potentially spurious relationship between religious affiliation and marital satisfaction. Results indicate that homogamous marriages are more satisfying. In order to test the hypothesis that dissatisfaction in heterogeneous marriages arises over conflict regarding socialization of children, the presence of children is included. The hypothesis is discounted, since the homogamy effect remains significant. When frequency of religious attendance is included, however, the homogamy effect becomes nonsignificant, suggesting that patterns of religious involvement underlie higher satisfaction within homogamous marriages. In this report the relationship between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction is examined, and possible explanations for that relationship are explored. In one of the most recent analyses of interreligious marriage, Glenn (1982) finds evidence that religiously homogamous marriages are characterized by greater marital happiness than are heterogamous marriages. Males, in particular, reported greater marital satisfaction in homogamous marriages, and the difference in the percentage reporting a high level of marital status between homogamous and heterogamous marriages was statistically significant at the . 10 level, even after controlling other factors. The difference for females, however, was not significant. Glenn suggested that the homogamy effect is more salient among men because children generally adopt religious values of their mothers, so that heterogamous marriages are more apt to create conflict between fathers and children than between mothers and children. Implicit in this explanation is the notion that the religious identification of children is a major source of strain in heterogamous marriages.
Auditory vigilance during divided task attention in aphasic individuals

Abstract Little research has been reported on auditory vigilance skills of aphasic individuals, particularly under a dual task paradigm designed to divide attention. Six aphasic males and six gender and age-matched control subjects listened to two, twenty-minute 400 word lists and were asked to identify a target word that was randomly interspersed 50 times. During Condition A, subjects were only required to remain auditorily vigilant and identify target words. During Condition B subjects were required to listen for and identify target words while simultaneously conducting a card sorting task. Aphasic and non-brain-damaged subjects performed similarly under Condition A, auditory vigilance alone. For the dual task, divided attention condition, the non-aphasic group performed virtually the same as in Condition A. The aphasic group revealed significantly less accurate performance under Condition B's dual task requirements. Apparently the added task of card sorting so divided or preoccupied the attention of mo.
Identification of a peptide mimic of the L2/HNK‐1 carbohydrate epitope

The L2/HNK‐1 carbohydrate is carried by many neural recognition molecules and is involved in neural cell interactions during development, regeneration in the peripheral nervous system, synaptic plasticity, and autoimmune‐based neuropathies. Its key structure consists of a sulfated glucuronic acid linked to lactosaminyl residues. Because of its biological importance but limited availability, the phage display method was used to isolate a collection of peptide mimics that bind specifically to an L2/HNK‐1 antibody. The phages isolated from a 15‐mer peptide library by adsorption to this antibody share a consensus sequence of amino acids. The peptide mimicked several important functions of the L2/HNK‐1 carbohydrate, such as binding to motor neurons in vitro, and preferential promotion of in vitro neurite outgrowth from motor axons compared with sensory neurons. A scrambled version of the peptide had no activity. The combined observations indicate that we have isolated a mimic of the L2/HNK‐1 carbohydrate that is able to act as its functional substitute.
Predictors of sinus rhythm return during defibrillation testing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation undergoing implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator.

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in a significant proportion of patients treated with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Defibrillation testing may lead to sinus rhythm (SR) restoration which may be hazardous due to the increased risk of thromboembolic complications in these patients. AIM To identify predictors of SR restoration during defibrillation testing in patients with permanent AF undergoing ICD implantation. METHODS Permanent AF was present in 79 (12%) of 671 consecutive patients who received ICD in our institution between 2005 and 2010. In this group, 47 patients (mean age 64 ± 12 years, 38 males) underwent defibrillation testing during the implantation procedure and in the remaining 32 patients defibrillation testing was not performed due to various contraindications. Sinus rhythm was restored in 17 (36%) patients, while AF was still present after defibrillation testing in the remaining 30 patients. We analysed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic and electrophysiological parameters which could identify those patients in whom SR was restored, using univariate and multivariate analysis as well as constructing ROC curves. RESULTS Demographic parameters and clinical history were similar in both groups. Patients in whom SR was restored had smaller left atrial diameter (49.9 ± 5.9 vs 59.4 ± 6.1 mm, p 〈 0.001), more often received a double-coil defibrillation lead (83% vs 10%, p 〈 0.001), had less advanced heart failure as assessed using NYHA classification (p 〈 0.05), and were more frequently treated with amiodarone (47% vs 23%, p 〈 0.025). The chance of SR return was increased 11 times in patients receiving amiodarone, 6 times in patients with a double-coil lead, 2 times in patients with lower NYHA class, and 1.36 times in patients with smaller left atrium diameter (for each 1 mm increase). The ROC curves showed that using the cut-off value for the left atrial diameter of 47 mm, patients prone to SR restoration were identified with a sensitivity of 65%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 83%, and negative predictive value of 90% (area under curve 0.904, 95% CI 0.809-1.0). Multivariate analysis showed that NYHA class, amiodarone usage, type of defibrillating lead and left atrial diameter were independent predictors of SR restoration. CONCLUSIONS Atrial fibrillation was present in 12% of consecutive patients undergoing ICD implantation and was terminated by defibrillation testing in 36% of those who underwent this test. The NYHA class, amiodarone usage, type of defibrillating lead and left atrial diameter were independent predictors of SR restoration.
Cancer survival among First Nations people of Ontario, Canada (1968–2007)

We aimed to compare cancer survival in Ontario First Nations people to that in other Ontarians for five major cancer types: colorectal, lung, cervix, breast and prostate. A list of registered or “Status” Indians in Ontario was used to create a cohort of over 140,000 Ontario First Nations people. Cancers diagnosed in cohort members between 1968 and 2001 were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry, with follow‐up for death until December 31st, 2007. Flexible parametric modeling of the hazard function was used to compare the survival experience of the cohort to that of other Ontarians. We considered changes in survival from the first half of the time period (1968–1991) to the second half (1992–2001). For other Ontarians, survival had improved over time for every cancer site. For the First Nations cohort, survival improved only for breast and prostate cancers; it either declined or remained unchanged for the other cancers. For cancers diagnosed in 1992 or later, all‐cause and cause‐specific survival was significantly poorer for First Nations people diagnosed with breast, prostate, cervical, colorectal (male and female) and male lung cancers as compared to their non‐First Nations peers. For female lung cancer, First Nations women appeared to have poorer survival; however, the result was not statistically significant. Ontario's First Nations population experiences poorer cancer survival when compared to other Ontarians and strategies to reduce these inequalities must be developed and implemented.
Multifocal visual evoked potentials reveal normal optic nerve projections in human carriers of oculocutaneous albinism type 1a.

PURPOSE In albinism, part of the temporal retina projects abnormally to the contralateral hemisphere. A residual misprojection is also evident in feline carriers that are heterozygous for tyrosinase-related albinism. This study was conducted to test whether such residual abnormalities can also be identified in human carriers of oculocutaneous tyrosinase-related albinism (OCA1a). METHODS In eight carriers heterozygous for OCA1a and in eight age- and sex-matched control subjects, monocular pattern-reversal and -onset multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEPs) were recorded at 60 locations comprising a visual field of 44 degrees diameter (VERIS 5.01; EDI, San Mateo, CA). For each eye and each stimulus location, interhemispheric difference potentials were calculated and correlated with each other, to assess the lateralization of the responses: positive and negative correlations indicate lateralizations on the same or opposite hemispheres, respectively. Misrouted optic nerves are expected to yield negative interocular correlations. The analysis also allowed for the assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of projection abnormalities. RESULTS No significant differences were obtained for the distributions of the interocular correlation coefficients of controls and carriers. Consequently, no local representation abnormalities were observed in the group of OCA1a carriers. For pattern-reversal and -onset stimulation, an assessment of the control data yielded similar specificity (97.9% and 94.6%) and sensitivity (74.4% and 74.8%) estimates for the detection of projection abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS The absence of evidence for projection abnormalities in human OCA1a carriers contrasts with the previously reported evidence for abnormalities in cat-carriers of tyrosinase-related albinism. This discrepancy suggests that animal models of albinism may not provide a match to human albinism.
Analysis of Variance Versus Bootstrap Procedures for Analyzing Dependent Observations in Small Group Research

Small group investigators have been plagued by the problem of observational dependency. This problem exists when data collectedfrom members of the same group are more similar to each other than they are to data collected from another small group receiving identical treatment. Observational dependency can result in inflated Type I error rates. This study demonstrates the effect of different levels of observational dependency on Type I error rates for ANOVA and introduces an alternative statistical procedure to address the problem. Bootstrapping is shown to be superior to ANOVA in minimizing the effect of Type I error rates due to observational dependency.
Actin- and myosin-driven movement of viruses along filopodia precedes their entry into cells

Viruses have often been observed in association with the dense microvilli of polarized epithelia as well as the filopodia of nonpolarized cells, yet whether interactions with these structures contribute to infection has remained unknown. Here we show that virus binding to filopodia induces a rapid and highly ordered lateral movement, “surfing” toward the cell body before cell entry. Virus cell surfing along filopodia is mediated by the underlying actin cytoskeleton and depends on functional myosin II. Any disruption of virus cell surfing significantly reduces viral infection. Our results reveal another example of viruses hijacking host machineries for efficient infection by using the inherent ability of filopodia to transport ligands to the cell body.
To subscribe , or not to subscribe : The analysis of new service paradigms in cellular markets

Traditionally customers subscribe to specific operators/providers and are served by accessing base stations (BSs) of the network of their operator. Often subscribers with relatively “high” usage pattern and data-rate requirements are subsidized by the ones with lower usage and data-rates. As the cognitive radio technology advances, an even more diverse set of services will be available. This paper introduces a novel service paradigm the flexi-card or card that allows a customer with a cognitive radio to dynamically access base stations (BSs) of different infrastructures and operators based on various criteria, such as its profile, network conditions, and offered prices. Card customers can select the appropriate operator and BS on a percall basis. This work considers a diverse customer population based on their demand, their preference on data-rate over price, their tolerance on the blocking probabilities of their calls, and their willingness to pay for certain services. Customers could dynamically decide to buy a long-term subscription or become card users. In this paper, we develop a modeling of this market and analyze its evolution, focusing on whether this new paradigm can improve the quality of service, social welfare, flexibility and further enhance the competition among providers. The main contribution of this paper is a detailed modeling and an in-depth performance analysis of a complex market, in which various parameters manifest in different spatial and temporal scales, with a diverse customer population, from the perspective of clients, operators, and regulators, demonstrating the benefits of the card service paradigm, and comparing it to markets that offer only subscription contracts.
Biofilm Localization in the Vertical Wall of Shaking 96-Well Plates

Microtiter plates with 96 wells are being increasingly used for biofilm studies due to their high throughput, low cost, easy handling, and easy application of several analytical methods to evaluate different biofilm parameters. These methods provide bulk information about the biofilm formed in each well but lack in detail, namely, regarding the spatial location of the biofilms. This location can be obtained by microscopy observation using optical and electron microscopes, but these techniques have lower throughput and higher cost and are subjected to equipment availability. This work describes a differential crystal violet (CV) staining method that enabled the determination of the spatial location of Escherichia coli biofilms formed in the vertical wall of shaking 96-well plates. It was shown that the biofilms were unevenly distributed on the wall with denser cell accumulation near the air-liquid interface. The results were corroborated by scanning electron microscopy and a correlation was found between biofilm accumulation and the wall shear strain rates determined by computational fluid dynamics. The developed method is quicker and less expensive and has a higher throughput than the existing methods available for spatial location of biofilms in microtiter plates.
Automatically Organize Web Text Resources with Frequent Term Tree

With the expansion of the Web, automatically organizing large scale text resources, e.g. Web pages, becomes very important. Many Web sites, like Google and Yahoo, use hierarchical classification trees to organize text resources in Web. User can easily find the text resources that meet their requirements by navigating these hierarchical classification trees. Typically, the text resources in Web are manually assigned to the nodes of the hierarchical classification tree. This limits the hierarchical classification tree to organize large scale text resources. In this paper, we propose a Frequent Term Tree to improve the ability of hierarchical classification tree in organizing large scale text resources in Web. Different from the Fp-tree which is utilized to efficiently discover frequent patterns, the frequent term tree is used to organize resources with frequent pattern based classification. The Frequent Term Tree can accurately assign text resources to each node of classification tree and improve the ability in organizing resources with the incremental classified text resources. The evaluation of the Frequent Term Tree demonstrates that Frequent Term Tree can effectively and efficiently organize text resources.
Estimation of Integrated Volatility in Continuous‐Time Financial Models with Applications to Goodness‐of‐Fit Testing

Abstract. Properties of a specification test for the parametric form of the variance function in diffusion processes are discussed. The test is based on the estimation of certain integrals of the volatility function. If the volatility function does not depend on the variable x it is known that the corresponding statistics have an asymptotic normal distribution. However, most models of mathematical finance use a volatility function which depends on the state x. In this paper we prove that in the general case, where σ depends also on x the estimates of integrals of the volatility converge stably in law to random variables with a non‐standard limit distribution. The limit distribution depends on the diffusion process Xt itself and we use this result to develop a bootstrap test for the parametric form of the volatility function, which is consistent in the general diffusion model.
Clarifying Values Clarification: Some Theoretical Issues and a Review of Research

This paper explores some of the major components of the values clarification theory. The author presents his own expanded concept of the valuing process central to values clarification. Some of the most frequent criticisms of values clarification are discussed, including the charges that values clarification is "hedonistic, superficial, relativistic, value free, and without a cogent theoretical base. " A major part of the paper summarizes the early research on values clar ification and nineteen more recent studies. The author holds an eclectic point of view, arguing that values clarification is best achieved when combined with other thoughtful approaches to human growth and development.
Attitudinal and demographic determinants of diet quality and implications for policy targeting.

BACKGROUND Poor diet quality is a major public health concern that has prompted governments to introduce a range of measures to promote healthy eating. For these measures to be effective, they should target segments of the population with messages relevant to their needs, aspirations and circumstances. The present study investigates the extent to which attitudes and constraints influence healthy eating, as well as how these vary by demographic characteristics of the UK population. It further considers how such information may be used in segmented diet and health policy messages. METHODS A survey of 250 UK adults elicited information on conformity to dietary guidelines, attitudes towards healthy eating, constraints to healthy eating and demographic characteristics. Ordered logit regressions were estimated to determine the importance of attitudes and constraints in determining how closely respondents follow healthy eating guidelines. Further regressions explored the demographic characteristics associated with the attitudinal and constraint variables. RESULTS People who attach high importance to their own health and appearance eat more healthily than those who do not. Risk-averse people and those able to resist temptation also eat more healthily. Shortage of time is considered an important barrier to healthy eating, although the cost of a healthy diet is not. These variables are associated with a number of demographic characteristics of the population; for example, young adults are more motivated to eat healthily by concerns over their appearance than their health. CONCLUSIONS The approach employed in the present study could be used to inform future healthy eating campaigns. For example, messages to encourage the young to eat more healthily could focus on the impact of diets on their appearance rather than health.
Mexican American Adolescents’ Perceptions of a Pro-College Culture

Three focus groups of ninth-grade Méxican American students explored the factors contributing to a pro-college culture. The students participated in the federal initiative program called “Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs. ” Analysis revealed specific student, family, peer, and school personnel influences toward a pro-college culture. The focus groups allowed for examining differences between the groups of students at varying risk of not attending college. Implications for school personnel are discussed. Tres grupos de enfoque con estudiantes México Americanos en noveno grado (tercero de secundaria) exploraron los factores contribuyentes a una cultura pro-universitaria. Los estudiantes eran participantes en el programa de iniciativa federal llamado Obteniendo Conocimiento y Preparación Temprana para Programas Universitarios. Análisis revelaron específicas influencias del estudiante, la familia, los compañeros y el personal escolar las cuales forman una cultura pro-universitaria. Los grupos de enfoque permitieron examinar las diferencias entre los grupos de estudiantes de acuerdo a riesgos variados para no ir a la universidad. Se discuten implicaciones para personal escolar.
Utility of the Judgment Questionnaire Subtest of the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination in the Evaluation of Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease

ABSTRACT The Judgment Questionnaire subtest (JQ) of the Neuro-behavioral Cognitive Status Examination is a potential tool for examining aspects of executive function. Existing data, however, do not provide reliability or validity measures, or information on the effects of age, education, and gender among individuals over age 60. Because the screening technique of administration and scoring produces scoring anomalies and the scoring criteria are often inadequate to make scoring decisions, we broadened and clarified scoring criteria, and administered and scored all four JQ items. To evaluate the utility of the JQ, we examined its reliability, its discriminant and construct validity, and the effects of age, gender, and education in healthy elderly volunteers and individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease.