Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Young Mouse Heart Is Composed of Myocytes Heterogeneous in Age and Function

The recognition that the adult heart continuously renews its myocyte compartment raises the possibility that the age and lifespan of myocytes does not coincide with the age and lifespan of the organ and organism. If this were the case, myocyte turnover would result at any age in a myocardium composed by a heterogeneous population of parenchymal cells which are structurally integrated but may contribute differently to myocardial performance. To test this hypothesis, left ventricular myocytes were isolated from mice at 3 months of age and the contractile, electrical, and calcium cycling characteristics of these cells were determined together with the expression of the senescence-associated protein p16INK4a and telomere length. The heart was characterized by the coexistence of young, aged, and senescent myocytes. Old nonreplicating, p16INK4a-positive, hypertrophied myocytes with severe telomeric shortening were present together with young, dividing, p16INK4a-negative, small myocytes with long telomeres. A class of myocytes with intermediate properties was also found. Physiologically, evidence was obtained in favor of the critical role that action potential (AP) duration and ICaL play in potentiating Ca2+ cycling and the mechanical behavior of young myocytes or in decreasing Ca2+ transients and the performance of senescent hypertrophied cells. The characteristics of the AP appeared to be modulated by the transient outward K+ current Ito which was influenced by the different expression of the K+ channels subunits. Collectively, these observations at the physiological and structural cellular level document that by necessity the heart has to constantly repopulate its myocyte compartment to replace senescent poorly contracting myocytes with younger more efficient cells. Thus, cardiac homeostasis and myocyte turnover regulate cardiac function.
Closing the genotype–phenotype gap: Emerging technologies for evolutionary genetics in ecological model vertebrate systems

The analysis of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of the genotype–phenotypic connection has, so far, only been possible in a handful of genetic model systems. Recent technological advances, including next‐generation sequencing methods such as RNA‐seq, ChIP‐seq and RAD‐seq, and genome‐editing approaches including CRISPR‐Cas, now permit to address these fundamental questions of biology also in organisms that have been studied in their natural habitats. We provide an overview of the benefits and drawbacks of these novel techniques and experimental approaches that can now be applied to ecological and evolutionary vertebrate models such as sticklebacks and cichlid fish. We can anticipate that these new methods will increase the understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors influencing adaptations and phenotypic variation in ecological settings. These new arrows in the methodological quiver of ecologist will drastically increase the understanding of the genetic basis of adaptive traits – leading to a further closing of the genotype–phenotype gap.
A navigation and reservation based smart parking platform using genetic optimization for smart cities

With the development of technology, smart devices are becoming more common in everyday life. The development of devices that can connect to the Internet and transmit data has been a source of inspiration for smart city designs. The common problem in our cities is the difficulty of finding free parking slots. The parking problem causes traffic to congest and people who go to work are looking for a place. In this study, a navigation and reservation based parking proposal system was developed for smart cities. The proposed method involves the development of small devices that send data to the internet using the internet of things (IoT) technology. The free parking space closest to the current location is found by genetic algorithm. The proposed method is tested for different scenarios and accurate results are obtained.
Computing and Rendering Point Set Surfaces

We advocate the use of point sets to represent shapes. We provide a definition of a smooth manifold surface from a set of points close to the original surface. The definition is based on local maps from differential geometry, which are approximated by the method of moving least squares (MLS). The computation of points on the surface is local, which results in an out-of-core technique that can handle any point set. We show that the approximation error is bounded and present tools to increase or decrease the density of the points, thus allowing an adjustment of the spacing among the points to control the error. To display the point set surface, we introduce a novel point rendering technique. The idea is to evaluate the local maps according to the image resolution. This results in high quality shading effects and smooth silhouettes at interactive frame rates.
Mapping Preictal Networks Preceding Childhood Absence Seizures Using Magnetoencephalography

The electrographic hallmark of childhood absence seizures is 3 Hz generalized spike and wave discharges; however, there is likely a focal thalamic or cortical onset that cannot be detected using scalp electroencephalography (EEG). The purpose of this study was to study the earliest preictal changes in children with absence epilepsy. In this report, magnetoencephalography recordings of 44 absence seizures recorded from 12 children with drug-naïve childhood absence seizures were used to perform time frequency analysis and source localization prior to the onset of the seizures. Evidence of preictal magnetoencephalography frequency changes were detected a mean of 694 ms before the initial spike on the EEG. A consistent pattern of focal sources was present in the frontal cortex and thalamus during this preictal period, but source localization occurred synchronously so that independent activity between the 2 structures could not be distinguished.
SPMF: a Java open-source pattern mining library

We present SPMF, an open-source data mining library offering implementations of more than 55 data mining algorithms. SPMF is a cross-platform library implemented in Java, specialized for discovering patterns in transaction and sequence databases such as frequent itemsets, association rules and sequential patterns. The source code can be integrated in other Java programs. Moreover, SPMF offers a command line interface and a simple graphical interface for quick testing. The source code is available under the GNU General Public License, version 3. The website of the project offers several resources such as documentation with examples of how to run each algorithm, a developer's guide, performance comparisons of algorithms, data sets, an active forum, a FAQ and a mailing list.
A Various Standard.

The above passage from a student paper reflects three areas of composition which English teachers traditionally concern themselves with. The first area, labeled with A's in the passage are traditional handbook rules. These are generally arbitrary rules created by various hands over the past 200 years and imposed on the writer by composition handbooks. From William Ward's English Grammar of 1765 to the latest edition of the Har-
A Linkage Map for Brown Trout (Salmo trutta): Chromosome Homeologies and Comparative Genome Organization With Other Salmonid Fish

We report on the construction of a linkage map for brown trout (Salmo trutta) and its comparison with those of other tetraploid-derivative fish in the family Salmonidae, including Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). Overall, we identified 37 linkage groups (2n = 80) from the analysis of 288 microsatellite polymorphisms, 13 allozyme markers, and phenotypic sex in four backcross families. Additionally, we used gene–centromere analysis to approximate the position of the centromere for 20 linkage groups and thus relate linkage arrangements to the physical morphology of chromosomes. Sex-specific maps derived from multiple parents were estimated to cover 346.4 and 912.5 cM of the male and female genomes, respectively. As previously observed in other salmonids, recombination rates showed large sex differences (average female-to-male ratio was 6.4), with male crossovers generally localized toward the distal end of linkage groups. Putative homeologous regions inherited from the salmonid tetraploid ancestor were identified for 10 pairs of linkage groups, including five chromosomes showing evidence of residual tetrasomy (pseudolinkage). Map alignments with orthologous regions in Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, and Arctic char also revealed extensive conservation of syntenic blocks across species, which was generally consistent with chromosome divergence through Robertsonian translocations.
Automated redesign of local playspace properties

The design of games can be an unfortunately indirect endeavour: the designer’s objective may be to present the player with a particular set of possible experiences, or playspace, but what the designer actually creates (i.e. the game) is instead an artifact intended to produce the desired playspace only upon interaction. In this work we develop both a general framework and specific implementation for providing a designer a way to reason about and edit a game level’s playspace. Our system enables a designer to specify edits to playspace properties using a small set of local playspace edits and constraints. It then automatically (via optimization) produces a new level configuration that reflects the desired playspace changes. We present results from our system demonstrating the usefulness of our approach. This work constitutes an initial step toward a fully-realized playspace level design tool.
Medical education, research, and scientific thinking in the 21st century (part three of three).

BACKGROUND During the 20th century medical education has been largely preoccupied with discussions of the venues and methods for teaching. Little attention has been paid to what should be learned about the scientific paradigm underlying research and practice. A 17th century model has gradually produced an increasingly narrow, monocausal, reductionistic view of health and disease. Much good has resulted, but this "belief system" fails to accommodate or explain the meaning and impact on patients' health of diverse internal and external experiences and influences. During this period quantum mechanics and its ever-expanding capacity to accommodate new information and enhance understanding have superseded Newtonian physics in much scientific thinking. METHODS A broad range of historical and contemporary scientific literature is examined in support of four central questions in this three-part series: (1) Are there reasons to examine these matters now? (2) How is medical scientific thinking influenced by the general reorientation of science during the 20th century? (3) Are there reasons now to examine the impact of these changes on medicine? (4) Will a change of paradigm affect medical practice, research, and education? RESULTS The extraordinarily productive contemporary biomedical model should be expanded beyond the physical and biological to incorporate meaningful information about how each patients experiences impinge on health status. CONCLUSIONS Family and other primary care physicians together with collaborators in the biological and behavioral sciences and other health professions should undertake rigorous research to establish the validity of the expanded paradigm espoused. Its impact on practice, research, education, and policies could be profound.
Work and Family: An International Research Perspective

If you are a past, present, or future scholar directly working in the domain of work-family research, I would encourage you to explore Work and Family: An International Research Perspective. This volume, edited by Steven A. Y. Poelmans, who is on the faculty of IESE Business School in Barcelona, Spain, includes seventeen chapters devoted to assessing the current and future state of work-family research. Much of the book presents a series of empirical studies focused on different levels (individual, organizational, societal) and situated in a variety of cultures and nations. A number of these chapters are concerned with research, in particular, reviews of workfamily research, surveying progress in this field, and providing recommendations for future development. The empirical studies bring together a variety of international researchers who draw on their understanding of the local context in their countries to conduct research that covers the globe: Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. This is a broad landscape, and it is to the credit of these researchers that they have been able to explore an array of work-family research questions across cultures and continents.
Min-max and two-stage possibilistic combinatorial optimization problems

This paper deals with a class of combinatorial optimization problems with uncertain costs. The uncertainty is modeled by specifying a scenario set containing a finite number of possible realizations of the costs called scenarios. Additionally, a possibility distribution on the scenario set can be defined. Two robust models, namely the min-max and two-stage, for hedging against uncertainty of the costs in the possibilistic setting are considered. A general framework for solving the problems is proposed. For the linear sum objective a mixed integer programing formulation is shown. For the bottleneck objective, an algorithm is constructed which runs in polynomial time if the deterministic problem, i.e. the one with a single scenario, is polynomially solvable.
Conflict and cohesion in families : causes and consequences

Contents: M.J. Cox, J. Brooks-Gunn, Preface. M.J. Cox, J. Brooks-Gunn, Studying Conflict and Cohesion in Families: An Overview. G.R. Patterson, A Proposal Relating a Theory of Delinquency to Societal Rates of Juvenile Crime: Putting Humpty Dumpty Together Again. D.A. Obeidallah, L.M. Burton, Affective Ties Between Mothers and Daughters in Adolescent Childbearing Families. L.M. Prado, H.J. Markman, Unearthing the Seeds of Marital Distress: What We Have Learned From Married and Remarried Couples. M.J. Cox, B. Paley, C.C. Payne, M. Burchinal, The Transition to Parenthood: Marital Conflict and Withdrawal and Parent-Infant Interactions. E.M. Cummings, A. Wilson, Contexts of Marital Conflict and Children's Emotional Security: Exploring the Distinction Between Constructive and Destructive Conflict From the Children's Perspective. L.F. Katz, B. Wilson, J.M. Gottman, Meta-Emotion Philosophy and Family Adjustment: Making an Emotional Connection. M.S. Forgatch, D.S. DeGarmo, Two Faces of Janus: Cohesion and Conflict. R.D. Conger, X. Ge, Conflict and Cohesion in Parent-Adolescent Relations: Changes in Emotional Expression From Early to Midadolescence. J.A. Graber, J. Brooks-Gunn, "Sometimes I Think That You Don't Like Me": How Mothers and Daughters Negotiate the Transition Into Adolescence. S.I. Powers, D.P. Welsh, Mother-Daughter Interactions and Adolescent Girls' Depression. S.J. Suomi, Conflict and Cohesion in Rhesus Monkey Family Life. R.C. Kessler, M.S. Forthofer, The Effects of Psychiatric Disorders on Family Formation and Stability. M.J. Cox, J. Brooks-Gunn, B. Paley, Perspectives on Conflict and Cohesion in Families.
Safe Subspace Screening for Nuclear Norm Regularized Least Squares Problems

Nuclear norm regularization has been shown very promising for pursing a low rank matrix solution in various machine learning problems. Many efforts have been devoted to develop efficient algorithms for solving the optimization problem in nuclear norm regularization. Solving it for large-scale matrix variables, however, is still a challenging task since the complexity grows fast with the size of matrix variable. In this work, we propose a novel method called safe subspace screening (SSS), to improve the efficiency of the solver for nuclear norm regularized least squares problems. Motivated by the fact that the low rank solution can be represented by a few subspaces, the proposed method accurately discards a predominant percentage of inactive subspaces prior to solving the problem to reduce problem size. Consequently, a much smaller problem is required to solve, making it more efficient than optimizing the original problem. The proposed SSS is safe, in that its solution is identical to the solution from the solver. In addition, the proposed SSS can be used together with any existing nuclear norm solver since it is independent of the solver. Extensive results on several synthetic and real data sets show that the proposed SSS is very effective in inactive subspace screening.
Cross-Cultural Codes on Husband-Wife Relationships

This article presents a set of codes and ratings dealing with several dimensions of husband-wife relationships as they are patterned across societies. This set of scales is the second in a series of codes that have been developed as the basis for a long-term study on variations in male-female relationships in cross-cultural perspective. The first set of scales concerned the purely sexual aspects of malefemale interaction (Broude and Greene 1976). The codes provided here, by contrast, focus on nonsexual measures of husband-wife relationships. In particu? lar, these scales are concerned with five related features of the marital bond. These include mechanisms for arranging marriages, customs identified with newlyweds, intimacy and aloofness between husbands and wives, divorce, and treatment of widows. The codes thus highlight various stages of the marital relationship from the initial choice of a partner to the termination of a marriage through divorce or the death of a husband. While the construction of these scales has been dictated in large part by our own research interests, we also see these codes as contributing to other studies of husband-wife interaction. Variations in marital relationships have been examined by a limited number of cross-cultural anthropologists; however, no extensive set of scales measuring customs and behaviors surrounding marriage is currently available. Thus, while Whiting and Whiting (1975) and Slater and Slater (1965) have explored the causes and consequences of variations in husband-wife intimacy and aloofness using measures of the marital relationship that are similar to a number of the codes presented here, they have relied upon a set of unpublished codes constructed at Palfrey House, Harvard University, so that their raw data are unavailable to other researchers. Other investigators? for example, Stephens (1962, 1967)? do include measures of marital interaction in their published work. However, these indices, which include polygyny, motherchild sleeping arrangements, and the long post-partum sex taboo, are somewhat indirect and selective. Researchers familiar with the cross-cultural literature on cross-sex identity and hypermasculinity will recognize these variables as also figuring prominently as measures of father-absence (see, for example, Ayres 1974; Burton and Whiting 1963; Kithara 1975; Slater and Slater 1965; Stephens 1962; Whiting, Kluckhohn and Anthony 1958). Again, as indices of father's role in relationship to mother and child, these measures are not ideal.
Teaching Behaviorally Disordered Students: Preferred Practices

1. An Overview of Behavioral Disorders. 2. Assessment of the Behaviorally Disordered Student. 3. Basic Principles of Behavior Management. 4. Teaching for Mainstreaming: Generalizing Improved Performance. 5. Teaching Academic Skills to Behaviorally Disordered Students. 6. Teaching Social Skills to Behaviorally Disordered Students. 7. Teaching Behaviorally Disordered Students in the Regular Classroom. 8. Teaching Behaviorally Disordered Students in Resource Room Programs. 9. Self-Contained Classrooms for Behaviorally Disordered Students. 10. Working with Parents of Behaviorally Disordered Children. 11. Legal Issues in Educating Behaviorally Disordered Children. Index.
Fill-up versus interpolation methods for phrase-based SMT adaptation

This paper compares techniques to combine diverse parallel corpora for domain-specific phrase-based SMT system training. We address a common scenario where little in-domain data is available for the task, but where large background models exist for the same language pair. In particular, we focus on phrase table fill-up: a method that effectively exploits background knowledge to improve model coverage, while preserving the more reliable information coming from the in-domain corpus. We present experiments on an emerging transcribed speech translation task – the TED talks. While performing similarly in terms of BLEU and NIST scores to the popular log-linear and linear interpolation techniques, filled-up translation models are more compact and easy to tune by minimum error training.
Development of a Fluorescent Focus Identification Assay Using Serotype-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies for Detection and Quantitation of Rotaviruses in a Tetravalent Rotavirus Vaccine

ABSTRACT A fluorescent focus identification assay (FFIDA) was developed for use in experimental studies and for quantitation of the components in a tetravalent live oral rotavirus vaccine. The assay utilizes four serotype-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to detect and quantify individual rotaviruses by immunofluorescence staining of fixed virus-infected monkey kidney cells. In mixed virus infections, all four MAb, W1 (serotype 1), 1C10 (serotype 2), R1 (serotype 3), and S4 (serotype 4), specifically stain the relevant homologous serotype without exhibiting any cross-reactivity against the other serotypes. Furthermore, the test is sensitive enough to differentiate at least twofold (0.3 log) differences in virus titer. The results of testing four individual experimental vaccine lots three or more consecutive times showed that all four lots contained similar proportions of the four vaccine strains as detected by the classical plaque neutralization identification test. The rapidity and efficiency of the FFIDA are desirable attributes that make it suitable for use in studies requiring identification and quantitation of one or more of the four major rotavirus serotypes.
The Effect of Sensor Errors in Situated Human-Computer Dialogue

Errors in perception are a problem for computer systems that use sensors to perceive the environment. If a computer system is engaged in dialogue with a human user, these problems in perception lead to problems in the dialogue. We present two experiments, one in which participants interact through dialogue with a robot with perfect perception to fulfil a simple task, and a second one in which the robot is affected by sensor errors and compare the resulting dialogues to determine whether the sensor problems have an impact on dialogue success.