Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network Vector: Distributed Representations of Networks with Global Context

We propose a neural embedding algorithm called Network Vector, which learns distributed representations of nodes and the entire networks simultaneously. By embedding networks in a low-dimensional space, the algorithm allows us to compare networks in terms of structural similarity and to solve outstanding predictive problems. Unlike alternative approaches that focus on node level features, we learn a continuous global vector that captures each node's global context by maximizing the predictive likelihood of random walk paths in the network. Our algorithm is scalable to real world graphs with many nodes. We evaluate our algorithm on datasets from diverse domains, and compare it with state-of-the-art techniques in node classification, role discovery and concept analogy tasks. The empirical results show the effectiveness and the efficiency of our algorithm.
Arzoxifene: the evidence for its development in the management of breast cancer

Introduction: Endocrine therapy is an important and integral part of breast cancer management. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), such as tamoxifen, remain a vital component in the endocrine therapy armamentarium. However the “ideal SERM”, which has antagonist effects on the breast and endometrium but beneficial agonistic effects on bone and lipid profile, remains to be found. Aim: The aim of this review is to examine the evidence for arzoxifene as the “ideal SERM. ” Evidence review: Arzoxifene showed initial promise as the “ideal SERM” in preclinical, phase I, and phase II clinical studies. It appeared to have powerful antiestrogenic effects on breast cancer and endometrium, with equally strong favorable estrogenic effects on bone and lipid profile, minimal side effects, and good oral bioavailability. However, phase III trial data found it to be inferior to tamoxifen, bringing an apparent end to its investigation as a breast cancer treatment. Clinical potential: Despite early promise as the “ideal SERM”, results from a phase III trial have relegated arzoxifene to research in breast cancer prevention and osteoporosis treatment.
Evaluation and evolution of a browse and search interface: relation browser

We present in this paper the design and an evaluation of a novel interface called the Relation Browser++ (RB++) for searching and browsing large information collections. RB++ provides visualized category overviews of an information space and allows dynamic filtering and exploration of the result set by tightly coupling the browsing and searching functions. A user study was conducted to compare the effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction of completing various types of searching and browsing using the RB++ interface and a traditional form-fillin interface for a video library. An exploration set of tasks was also included to examine the effectiveness of and user satisfaction with the RB++ when applied to a large federal statistics website. The comparison study strongly supported that RB++ was more effective, efficient, and satisfying for completing data exploration tasks. Based on the results, efforts to automatically populate the underlying database using machine learning techniques are underway. Preliminary implementations for two large-scale federal statistical websites have been installed on government servers for internal evaluation.
Growth Patterns Inferred from Anatomical Records : Empirical Tests Using Longisections of Roots of Zea mays L.

Our objective was to test whether accurate growth analyses can be obtained from anatomical records and some mathematical formulas. Roots of Zea mays L. were grown at one of two temperatures (19 degrees C or 29 degrees C) and were prepared with standard techniques for light microscopy. Positions of cell walls were digitized from micrographs. The digitized data were averaged and smoothed and used in formulas to estimate growth trajectories, Z(t), velocities, v(z), and strain rates, r(z), where Z(t) is the location occupied by the cellular particle at time t; and v(z) and r(z) are, respectively, the fields of growth velocity and strain rate. The relationships tested are: for Z(t), t = n * c; v(z) = l(z) * f; and r(z) = f * ( partial differential/ partial differentialz (l(z))). In the formulas, n represents the number of cells between the origin and the position Z(t); l(z) is local cell length; the constant c, named the ;cellochron,' denotes the time for successive cells to pass a spatial point distal to the meristem; l(z) is local cell length, and f is cell flux. Growth trajectories and velocity fields from the anatomical method are in good agreement with earlier analyses based on marking experiments at the two different temperatures. Growth strain rate fields show an unexpected oscillation which may be due to numerical artifacts or to a real oscillation in cell production rate.
X-ray structures of small ligand-FKBP complexes provide an estimate for hydrophobic interaction energies.

A new crystal form of native FK506 binding protein (FKBP) has been obtained which has proved useful in ligand binding studies. Three different small molecule ligand complexes and the native enzyme have been determined at higher resolution than 2.0 A. Dissociation constants of the related small molecule ligands vary from 20 mM for dimethylsulphoxide to 200 microM for tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide. Comparison of the four available crystal structures shows that the protein structures are identical to within experimental error, but there are differences in the water structure in the active site. Analysis of the calculated buried surface areas of these related ligands provides an estimated van der Waals contribution to the binding energy of -0.5 kJ/A(2) for non-polar interactions between ligand and protein.
Bion and Foulkes: The Group-as-a-Whole

This article describes the concept of the group-as-a-whole as used by Foulkes and by Bion. The differences are noted and their different applications to group therapy and to larger working institutions. The relation of Foulkes's ideas to the work at the wartime military hospital in Northfield dominated by Bion's work is highlighted in a short letter from Ronald Hargreaves, discovered in the Foulkes's archives.
If every nail looks different, you need different hammers: Modeling civil-military interaction

In the response to emergencies and disasters, effective cooperation and information exchange between military and civil actors is essential. However, in practice, the quality of civil-military interaction (CMI) leaves much to be desired. Our research takes an engineering approach, which is complementary to most behavioral-oriented research in the CMI domain. In particular, we seek to support CMI processes with innovative Information Technology solutions. To this end, we are developing a comprehensive conceptual model of the CMI domain, which is currently lacking. This paper contributes to its development by investigating candidate technologies and defining CMI domain model requirements. Exploiting these requirements as criteria, we have evaluated three modeling methods and languages, i
Mapping schemes of image recognition tasks onto highly parallel SIMD/MIMD processors

Smart camera applications based on image recognition techniques require significant levels of computation and must operate within limited power budgets. This paper focuses on the schemes of mapping image recognition tasks onto a series of low-power highly parallel SIMD/MIMD mode switching processors called IMAPCAR2. In this paper, we discuss hardware design considerations, the schemes of mapping image tasks onto the architecture using the SIMD or MIMD execution modes, and the way to choose between execution modes. Benchmark results show that the measured performance of an IMAPCAR2-300 (108 MHz, 128 PE / 32 PU, 90-nm, ≪ 1 W) processor running the compiler-generated code of programs based on the proposed mapping schemes is up to 27 times faster using the SIMD mode, or up to 2.8 times faster using the MP mode than a 1.6GHz general purpose processor that consumes a similar amount of power.
Qualitative Differences in Performing Coordination Tasks

Motor research on individual differences views coordination abilities as major determinants of motor achievements in sports. The concept of coordination abilities is based on quantitative models such as factor analyses in which it is assumed that persons possess the same number of abilities as the number of dimensions being analyzed. One criticism of quantitative approaches is that they are unable to distinguish between person and item characteristics. Qualitative formal models such as latent-class analyses are useful to distinguish explicitly between person and item characteristics. In this study 503 participants had to complete 6 gross-motor coordination tasks split into precision and time-pressure tasks. Applying both latent-class analyses and the mixed-Rasch analyses by Rost (1990, 1991), the precision tasks represented 1 strategy, whereas the 2 qualitatively different strategies were needed to represent the time-pressure tasks. The results of this study demonstrate how fruitful the application of latent-class analyses and the mixed-Rasch model can be in detecting strategies that persons can choose to use in executing motor items. The appropriate differentiation of person and item characteristics might be a helpful distinction to further develop the differential motor research.
The optimization scheme for EOD robot based on supervising control architecture

The explosive ordnance disposal task in constrained environments needs high efficiency of operation and adaptability to avoid obstacles. In this paper, a redundant manipulator is presented to enhance the manipulability, the mechanical and control system is introduced and supervised control framework is adopted to deal with approaching and grasping task in confined workspace. The manual configuration control is presented and the concept of Collision Threat Index (CTI) base on infra-red sensor information is defined for optimization. The optimization scheme of configuration adjustment for collision avoidance is adopted and the algorithm is intuitive and is suitable for real time control. A series of experiments of EOD task in under-vehicle environment have been done and the results show the effectiveness of presented approach.
Entanglement Cost of Quantum Channels

The entanglement cost of a quantum channel is the minimal rate at which entanglement (between sender and receiver) is needed in order to simulate many copies of a quantum channel in the presence of free classical communication. In this paper, we show how to express this quantity as a regularized optimization of the entanglement formation over states that can be generated between sender and receiver. Our formula is the channel analog of a well-known formula for the entanglement cost of quantum states in terms of the entanglement of formation and shares a similar relation to the recently shattered hope for additivity. The entanglement cost of a quantum channel can be seen as the analog of the quantum reverse Shannon theorem in the case where free classical communication is allowed. The techniques used in the proof of our result are then also inspired by a recent proof of the quantum reverse Shannon theorem and feature the one-shot formalism for quantum information theory, the postselection technique for quantum channels as well as Sion's minimax theorem. We discuss two applications of our result. First, we are able to link the security in the noisy-storage model to a problem of sending quantum rather than classical information through the adversary's storage device. This not only improves the range of parameters where security can be shown, but also allows us to prove security for storage devices for which no results were known before. Second, our result has consequences for the study of the strong converse quantum capacity. Here, we show that any coding scheme that sends quantum information through a quantum channel at a rate larger than the entanglement cost of the channel has an exponentially small fidelity.
An Industry-Driven Model of Hospitality Curriculum for Programs Housed in Accredited Colleges of Business: e-assessment Tool (e-AT) – Part IV

Abstract This paper presents the sixth stage of a major curriculum study and proposes a process for creating an e-assessment tool (e-AT) for hospitality programs housed in an accredited college of business. The proposed model is a system for closing the loop on assessment for continuous improvement of the hospitality program, its alumni, and its industry partners—while monitoring the real-time growth of students currently enrolled in that hospitality program. e-AT will streamline the assessment of student growth through constant monitoring, enabling the program to respond and change accordingly should areas of deficiency arise. e-AT will also be used to track the progress and promotion of alumni throughout their careers, as well as, to solicit their feedback along with the feedback of industry partners via an integrated survey.
TCDD Induces the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1α Regulatory Pathway in Human Trophoblastic JAR Cells

The exposure to dioxin can compromise pregnancy outcomes and increase the risk of preterm births. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been demonstrated to induce placental hypoxia at the end of pregnancy in a rat model, and hypoxia has been suggested to be the cause of abnormal trophoblast differentiation and placental insufficiency syndromes. In this study, we demonstrate that the non-hypoxic stimulation of human trophoblastic cells by TCDD strongly increased hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) stabilization. TCDD exposure induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide. TCDD-induced HIF-1α stabilization and Akt phosphorylation was inhibited by pretreatment with wortmannin (a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor) or N-acetylcysteine (a ROS scavenger). The augmented HIF-1α stabilization by TCDD occurred via the ROS-dependent activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Additionally, a significant increase in invasion and metallomatrix protease-9 activity was found in TCDD-treated cells. The gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor was induced upon TCDD stimulation, whereas the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), PPARγ coactivator-1α, mitochondrial transcription factor, and uncoupling protein 2 were decreased. Our results indicate that an activated HIF-1α pathway, elicited oxidative stress, and induced metabolic stress contribute to TCDD-induced trophoblastic toxicity. These findings may provide molecular insight into the TCDD-induced impairment of trophoblast function and placental development.
MST With Conduct Disordered Youth in Sweden: Costs and Benefits After 2 Years

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the costs and benefits associated with multisystemic therapy (MST) for conduct disordered youth, 2 years following intake. Methods: The study employed a secondary analysis of 156 youth enrolled in a randomized trial assessing the psychosocial and behavioral outcomes of MST. Results: MST cost on average 105,400 SEK per youth. MST was associated with a direct benefit to participants of 1,000 SEK per youth and positively impacted the use of nonplacement downstream interventions for a benefit of 62,100 SEK per youth. These benefits did not offset the cost of MST. Conclusions: MST was associated with a net loss to society after 2 years of 44,500 SEK per youth.
Les caractéristiques de la collaboration mère-enfant à 48 mois dans deux tâches de numération

Afin d’etudier les connaissances relatives au developpement de la numeration a l’âge prescolaire, cette recherche examine les manifestations de ces competences dans un contexte de collaboration mere-enfant. La collaboration entre les meres et leur enfant de 4 ans (n = 193) est observee et analysee dans le contexte de deux tâches de numeration. Les resultats completent les etudes anterieures sur les competences maitrisees par les enfants d’âge prescolaire en performance individuelle en identifiant les competences en cours d’acquisition exercees avec le soutien de la mere. Les resultats montrent ainsi que les meres ajustent les exigences de la tâche aux competences de leur enfant afin d’etayer l’exercice de leurs competences: elles modelent les competences numeraires nouvelles et elles soutiennent l’exercice par l’enfant des competences maitrisees ou en voie de l’etre. Les resultats indiquent egalement qu’au-dela de l’encadrement de la participation et du transfert progressif des responsabilites cognitives a l’enfant, l’etayage maternel en contexte de numeration favorise aussi le soutien de la motivation de l’enfant et le maintien d’un climat affectif harmonieux.
Delay performance of opportunistic network coding for a bidirectional relaying link

Using network coding (NC) in wireless networks can potentially improve the throughput and energy efficiency. On the other hand, it may result in longer delay because packets arriving early at the relay node have to wait to be network coded with other packets. In contrast, using traditional relaying allows the data packets to be forwarded as soon as possible, while its overall lower throughput (compared to that using NC) may result in longer average delay of the transmitted data packages. Opportunistic scheduling that takes advantages of both the high efficiency of NC and promptness of the traditional relay may help reduce the packet transmission delay. In this paper we propose an opportunistic packet scheduling scheme that allows the relay node to adaptively decide using one-way (traditional) or two-way (network coded) relaying, and analyze the average two-hop transmission delay performance. By considering both the buffer occupancy at the relay node and the link conditions to the end nodes, the proposed opportunistic scheduling achieves much lower average packet transmission delay, compared to pure one-way and pure two-way relaying. In addition, the simulation results verify the accuracy of the analytical model.
Quorum Sensing and Phytochemicals

Most infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, which proliferate within quorum sensing (QS)-mediated biofilms. Efforts to block QS in bacteria and disrupt biofilms have enabled the identification of bioactive molecules that are also produced by plants. This mini review primarily focuses on natural QS inhibitors, which display potential for treating bacterial infections and also enhance the safety of food supply.
Treatment outcome in adult OCD: Predictors and processes of change

The current study investigates predictors of treatment response in 41 treatment-seeking adults with OCD. Further, this study examines the relationship between OCD symptom change following CBT, and change in OCD-related cognitive variables. It was hypothesised that higher OCD severity, the presence of hoarding, sexual obsessions and religious obsessions, and elevated anxiety and depression would be associated with a poorer response to CBT. It was also hypothesised that symptom change would be associated with change in OCD-related cognitive biases. Results found that only severity of OCD and the presence of sexual obsessions predicted poorer treatment response. Furthermore, whilst treatment resulted in significant reductions in cognitive biases argued to be associated with OCD, these changes were not correlated with OCD symptomatic change. Implications of this research are discussed in light of future treatment considerations.
Approximate computation of transient results for large Markov chains

This paper presents a new approach for the computation of transient measures in large continuous time Markov chains (CTMCs). The approach combines the randomization approach for transient analysis of CTMCs with a new representation of probability vectors as Kronecker products of small component vectors. This representation is an approximation that allows an extremely space- and time-efficient computation of transient vectors. Usually, the resulting approximation is very good and introduces errors that are comparable to those found with existing approximation techniques for stationary analysis. By increasing the space and time requirements of the approach, we can represent parts of the solution vector in detail and reduce the approximation error, yielding exact solutions in the limiting case.
ICFP 2002: Contracts for higher-order functions

Assertions play an important role in the construction of robust software. Their use in programming languages dates back to the 1970s. Eiffel, an object-oriented programming language, wholeheartedly adopted assertions and developed the "Design by Contract" philosophy. Indeed, the entire object-oriented community recognizes the value of assertion-based contracts on methods. In contrast, languages with higher-order functions do not support assertion-based contracts. Because predicates on functions are, in general, undecidable, specifying such predicates appears to be meaningless. Instead, the functional languages community developed type systems that statically approximate interesting predicates. In this paper, we show how to support higher-order function contracts in a theoretically well-founded and practically viable manner. Specifically, we introduce ? CON, a typed lambda calculus with assertions for higher-order functions. The calculus models the assertion monitoring system that we employ in Dr Scheme. We establish basic properties of the model (type soundness, etc.) and illustrate the usefulness of contract checking with examples from Dr Scheme's code base. We believe that the development of an assertion system for higherorder functions serves two purposes. On one hand, the system has strong practical potential because existing type systems simply cannot express many assertions that programmers would like to state. nOn the other hand, an inspection of a large base of invariants may provide inspiration for the direction of practical future type system research.
Media Influence: Pre- and Postexposure of College Women to Media Images and the Effect of Mood and Body Image

This study employs a repeated measures design to assess the effects of exposure to attractive models in the media on women's mood and body image. One hundred six college women participants were divided into two groups (high-vs. low-appearance self-schema), and their mood and body image were measured twice with an interval of 4 weeks. No significant effects of exposure to media images were noticed in women's body image scores. However, exposure to media images had an influence on women's mood by decreasing positive mood and elevating anxiety and depression from preexposure to postexposure. In both pre-and postexposure conditions, women with high-appearance self-schema exhibited significantly greater negative mood and lower body dissatisfaction and appearance evaluation than did those with low-appearance self-schema. This study suggests that media images of thinness and attractiveness may negatively affect college women's mood.
Elevated Risk of Being Charged with a Crime for People with a Severe and Persistent Mental Illness

This paper examines the criminal justice involvement of people served in a statewide system of care for people with severe and persistent mental illness, a concern of both the mental health and the law enforcement communities. Rates at which service recipients were charged with a crime were determined using Probabilistic Population Estimation to measure the number of people shared between anonymous data sets. Results indicate that members of the treatment group were significantly more likely to get into trouble with the law than members of the general population. Elevated risk is substantially greater for women and for older treatment recipients.