Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imagined Music as a paradigm for Brain-Computer Interfaces

Recently, much research has focused on the topic of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs): a technique that enables people to drive devices directly with their brain signals, without any overt behaviour. In this study a new direction within BCI research was explored: driving a BCI by means of imagined musical fragments, thereby exploiting the rich temporal structure in music. Subjects were familiarized with 5 different samples from popular songs, chosen by themselves from a list of 46 different samples. In cued sequences with a metronome to keep the time-lock they had to imagine hearing the fragments. Single-trial classification results for imagery are 71% for the best participant and further analysis showed that in an online setting with multi-trial classification this paradigm may be useful for BCI. However, there are also clear instances of task illiteracy. Classification results for perception trials reached up to 93% in single trials, showing that we can actually measure perceived music directly from EEG with high confidence, which is discussed in a separate section.
Utilization of Mother and Child Booklet among Mothers Attending Well Baby Clinic in Nakuru Central District

Background: The mother and child health (MCH) booklet is an essential integrated document formulated by the Ministry of Health that provides for linkage of services across the continuum of maternal and neonatal care. The booklet has a provision for recording all the interventions for the mother during pregnancy, delivery and postnatal period. It also captures information on infant care from birth to five years of age. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study that sought to determine the utilization of MCH booklet by mothers attending the well baby clinic in Nakuru central district was done. Purposive sampling of health care facilities that provide antenatal, delivery and postnatal services in Nakuru central district to include government, faith based and privately run facilities in Tier 2, 3 and 4 of health care, was done. Postnatal mothers attending well baby clinic were selected from the facilities at random for interview using the structured questionnaires. Results: A total of499 mothers with children aged less than one year attending the well baby clinics were interviewed using structured questionnaires to determine availability and utilization of mother and child booklets. Data was processed using the SPSS software (version 20). Upto 99.6% of the mothers had attended Antenatal clinic (ANC) and 98.6% of them had been given the standard MCH booklet. However, only 59% of them were explained the contents of the book by the health care providers and up to 33.5% of the mothers did not read the instructions in the MCH booklet. Conclusion: On the overall the utilization of the MCH booklet was found to be insufficient by the mothers attending well baby clinic Nakuru central district. There is need to emphasis the importance of the MCH booklet and encourage its utilization by the mothers during antenatal clinics
At gøre sig parat til det mulige møde

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Early Increases In Blood Lactate Following Injury

Current pre-hospital trauma triage systems are based mainly on physiological parameters, but in compensated shock injury severity may not be immediately obvious, as the physiological parameters remain normal for some time. Serum lactate, measured in hospital, is known to be a predictor of injury severity and outcome. The technology for easy field lactate measurement has recently become available. We found that capillary lactate is elevated in trauma patients in the early phase of the response to injury. There is a moderate correlation (R2 = 0.44) between early lactate levels and injury severity, in patients who might otherwise be difficult to triage. Our aims were: (a) To determine if lactate levels are elevated in the pre-hospital phase of trauma, and to establish whether there is a correlation between pre-hospital lactate and injury severity. (b) To determine if there is a relationship between pre-hospital lactate and injury severity in patients with normal blood pressure and Glasgow Coma Score of greater than 12 (“difficult to triage” group). Methods Prospective analysis of pre-hospital capillary lactate levels and Injury Severity Score (ISS) in 23 trauma patients attended by the London Helicopter Emergency Medical Service. Results Capillary lactate is elevated in trauma patients in the early phase of the response to injury. There is a moderate correlation (R2 = 0.44) between early lactate levels and injury severity, in patients who might otherwise be difficult to triage. Conclusions Lactate is elevated in the earliest prehospital phase of injury following trauma. The potential contribution of this biochemical para-meter to field triage requires further evaluation.
Optimal VM placement in data centres with architectural and resource constraints

Recent advance in virtualisation technology enables service provisioning in a flexible way by consolidating several virtual machines VMs into a single physical machine PM. The inter-VM communications are inevitable when a group of VMs in a data centre provide services in a collaborative manner. With the increasing demands of such intra-data-centre traffics, it becomes essential to study the VM-to-PM placement such that the aggregated communication cost within a data centre is minimised. Such optimisation problem is proved NP-hard and formulated as an integer programming with quadratic constraints in this paper. Different from existing work, our formulation takes into consideration of data-centre architecture, inter-VM traffic pattern, and resource capacity of PMs. Furthermore, a heuristic algorithm is proposed and its high efficiency is extensively validated.
Undergraduate Sports Students' Perceptions of a Change To Game Sense Pedagogy

This paper contributes to research in the scholarship of teaching by reporting on undergraduate sports students’ perceptions of their own learning when exposed to a Game Sense learning approach and reflections on my experience of teaching it. A multiple methods approach was utilised to gather data from a four-week “games” component of a 10-week unit of study with all participants (n = 20; aged 18-21) in their first year of a three-year sports-related undergraduate degree. The games classification system was used to plan session content over the four weeks with each week focusing on a different games classification. Data were organised and coded via inductive coding procedures with analysis conducted concurrently to identify three prominent themes: 1) positive experiences of competition and game play, 2) the range of cognitive and emotional learning opportunities provided by Game Sense pedagogy facilitated improved student engagement and learning, and 3) the challenge of effective teacher questioning to stimulate game play knowledge construction.
A Biological Approach to the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Streptomyces sp JAR1 and its Antimicrobial Activity

The biological approach to synthesize metal nanoparticles is an important aspect of current nanotechnology research. Silver nanoparticles have been well-known for their inhibitory and antimicrobial effects. The ever-increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms is a major threat to the health care industry. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles have been successfully biosynthesized by Streptomyces sp JAR1. Biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by means of several analytical techniques including a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern analysis, and atomic force microscopy. An evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out against clinically important pathogenic microorganisms. The metal nanoparticles were also evaluated for their combined effects with antibiotics against the clinical pathogens. The antibacterial activities of the antibiotics increased in the presence of the biologically synthesized AgNPs against the clinically important pathogens. The highest enhancing effect was observed for erythromycin against the test pathogens.
Identification of a Second Major Site for CD46 Binding in the Hemagglutinin Protein from a Laboratory Strain of Measles Virus (MV): Potential Consequences for Wild-Type MV Infection

ABSTRACT Natural or wild-type (wt) measles virus (MV) infection in vivo which is restricted to humans and certain monkeys represents an enigma in terms of receptor usage. Although wt MV is known to use the protein SLAM (CD150) as a cell receptor, many human tissues, including respiratory epithelium in which the infection initiates, are SLAM negative. These tissues are CD46 positive, but wt MV strains, unlike vaccinal and laboratory MV strains, are not thought to use CD46 as a receptor. We have identified a novel CD46 binding site at residues S548 and F549, in the hemagglutinin (H) protein from a laboratory MV strain, which is also present in wt H proteins. Our results suggest that although wt MV interacts with SLAM with high affinity, it also possesses the capacity to interact with CD46 with low affinity.
The Effect of Structural Integration on Ankle Joint Position Sense and Balance in Recreational Soccer Players

BACKGROUND Structural integration (SI) is a manual therapy created by Ida Rolf that focuses on whole body functionality [1]. The mechanisms and effectiveness of the treatment, however, are still not well known. This may be due to limited studies done using small sample sizes combined with no placebo or control group [1]. Possibly underlying the effects of SI is fascia, which is affected largely by tension and has proprioceptive capabilities based on the function of mechanoreceptors [2]. The purpose of this study was to determine if SI could affect ankle joint position sense (JPS) and balance, both proprioceptive, in recreational soccer players.
Dynamically thickened flame LES model for premixed and non-premixed turbulent combustion

A new LES subgrid scale turbulent combustion model, adapted to combustion regimes which are neither perfectly premixed nor non-premixed, is tested in a simplified configuration. This model does not require any a priori assumption on the flame structure and is able to compute flows where both premixed and non-premixed flamelets coexist. Three combustion regimes identified in an experiment conducted at Ecole Centrale Paris, anchored, lifted and blown-off flames, are successfully recovered in numerical simulations.
A Study on MapReduce: Challenges and Trends

Nowadays we all are surrounded by Big data. The term ‘Big Data’ itself indicates huge volume, high velocity, variety and veracity i.e. uncertainty of data which gave rise to new difficulties and challenges. Big data generated may be structured data, Semi Structured data or unstructured data. For existing database and systems lot of difficulties are there to process, analyze, store and manage such a Big Data. The Big Data challenges are Protection, Curation, Capture, Analysis, Searching, Visualization, Storage, Transfer and sharing. Map Reduce is a framework using which we can write applications to process huge amount of data, in parallel, on large clusters of commodity hardware in a reliable manner. Lot of efforts have been put by different researchers to make it simple, easy, effective and efficient. In our survey paper we emphasized on the working of Map Reduce, challenges, opportunities and recent trends so that researchers can think on further improvement.
Visually impaired physiotherapy students' perception of support while studying at a tertiary institution

Introduction: Acquiring higher education is a difficult task for most normally sighted individuals. Realizing the importance of the visual system in the learning process, it becomes apparent that visually impaired (VI) students could be challenged in their educational pursuit without the necessary support. Since the inception of the UWC program for VI physiotherapy students in 1996, seven students have successfully completed the course to date. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore VI students' perceptions of support during their studies at the Physiotherapy (PT) Department of UWC, South Africa. Methods: A qualitative study design was mainly used for this study. The study incorporated purposive sampling. Four (4) pre-determined themes and one (1) emerging theme were identified. Results: The responses of the participants to the support given by the PT Department were mainly positive. The role of the mentor for VI students and the Disability Officer proved to be invaluable. VI students in tertiary education might face difficulties unless certain steps are taken to minimise such difficulties. Conclusion: By employing some simple techniques when teaching VI students as well as giving them the necessary support during their educational journey, the learning environment can be greatly enhanced. Adoption of such techniques can mean the difference between success and failure for students with disabilities.
Preventing effects of joint contracture by high molecular weight hyaluronan injections in a rat immobilized knee model.

PURPOSE To elucidate preventive effects of high molecular weight hyaluronan (HMWHA) on the joint capsule of immobilized knees in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unilateral knee joints of rats were immobilized with an internal fixator. Either 50 μl of HMWHA (Im-HA group) or 50 μl of saline (control group) was administered intra-articularly once a week after surgery. Sagittal sections were prepared from the medial midcondylar region of the knee joints and assessed by histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical methods. Gene expressions related to inflammation, fibrotic conditions, and hypoxia were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Tissue elasticity of the capsule from both groups was examined using a scanning acoustic microscope (SAM). RESULTS CD68 positive cells decreased in adhesion areas of the synovial membrane after 1 week in both groups. The length of the superficial layer in the synovial membrane of the Im-HA group was significantly longer than those in the control group over a period of 4 to 8 weeks with significantly small numbers of CD68 positive cells. The gene expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β, CTGF, COL1a1, COL3a1, SPARC, and HIF1-α were significantly lower in the Im-HA group compared to those in the control group. The sound speed of the anterior and posterior synovial membrane increased significantly (a reduction in elasticity) in the control group compared to those in the Im-HA group during weeks 1 to 4. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that HMWHA injections suppressed inflammatory, fibrotic, and hypoxic conditions observed in the immobilized joint capsule.
Fatigue performance of undamaged and repaired composite sandwich beams

Abstract The behaviour of undamaged (i.e. as-manufactured) and repaired carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich beams loaded in cyclic four-point bending is described. Three repair configurations (one overlap and two scarf) were tested in tension and compression, and two repair systems (high- and low-temperature cure) were employed. The repaired beams always showed an inferior performance compared with the as-manufactured beams. The lifetime was dependent on the repair configuration, with the overlap repairs performing surprisingly well when loaded in compression. The degradation of stiffness with cycling was also investigated and was related to the microscopic evolution of damage.
Geriatric Psychiatry: Complex Challenges, Promising Treatments

I n this issue, readers of The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry are fortunate to have 3 outstanding reviews by internationally renowned investigator-clinicians (2 of whom are Canadians) focusing on the rapidly growing geriatric population. Two papers deal with the cognitive aspects of dementia, discussing its early detection by screening methods and its effective treatment in both early and later stages. The third paper addresses the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in old age—a treatment now more fully accepted, not only within the scientific community but also, hopefully, within the general population.
Lexicalized Well-Founded Grammars: Learnability and Merging

This paper presents the theoretical foundation of a new type of constraint-based grammars, Lexicalized Well-Founded Grammars , which are adequate for modeling human language and are learnable. These features make the grammars suitable for developing robust and scalable natural language understanding systems. Our grammars capture both syntax and semantics and have two types of constraints at the rule level: one for semantic composition and one for ontology-based semantic interpretation. We prove that these grammars can always be learned from a small set of semantically annotated, ordered representative examples, using a relational learning algorithm. We introduce a new semantic representation for natural language, which is suitable for an ontology-based interpretation and allows us to learn the compositional constraints together with the grammar rules. Besides the learnability results, we give a principle for grammar merging. The experiments presented in this paper show promising results for the adequacy of these grammars in learning natural language. Relatively simple linguistic knowledge is needed to build the small set of semantically annotated examples required for the grammar induction.
Meticulous classification using support vector machine for brain images retrieval

The objective of medical image retrieval system is to provide a tool for radiologists to retrieve the images similar to query image in content. Classification is an important part in retrieval system. This paper proposed a meticulous classification of MR-brain images using support vector machine (SVM). We used both texture and shape feature to express images, and then applied statistical association rule miner (StARMiner) algorithm to compute weight coefficient of each feature. A classifier based on SVM was trained, the parameters of which were optimized via many experiments. The result of glancing classification could achieve 92.10%. Meticulous classification can be applied in special body part retrieval system for retrieving more accurate images and reducing computational load.
Ontology support for web service processes

Web Services are software services that can be advertised by providers and deployed by customers using Web technologies. This concept is currently carried further to address Web service choreography. Choreography refers to the composition of individual services to services processes that can communicate and interact with another.We propose a formal ontology framework for these Web service processes that supports the description, matching, and composition through logic reasoning techniques. The Semantic Web, based on a description logic-based knowledge representation and reasoning framework, provides the foundations. Integrating aspects from modal logics and process calculi into this framework will prove essential.
Friction Performance of Aluminum-Silicon Alloy Cylinder Liner after Chemical Etching and Laser Finishing

In order to enhance the surface friction performance of the aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy cylinder liner, chemical etching and laser finishing techniques are applied to improve the friction performance. The cylinder liner samples are worn against a Cr-Al2O3 coated piston ring by a reciprocating sliding tribotester. The friction coefficient and weight loss are measured to determine the friction performance; a stress contact model is developed to ascertain the wear mechanism. The results show that the optimal etching time is 2 min for the chemical etching treatment and the optimal laser power is 1000 W for the laser finishing treatment. The chemical etching removes the surface aluminum layer and exposes the silicon on the surface, thereby avoiding metal-to-metal contact. The laser finishing results in the protrusion and rounded edges of the silicon particles, which decreases the stress concentration. The laser finishing results in better friction performance of aluminum-silicon alloy cylinder liner than the chemical etching.
Quantitative phase imaging and complex field reconstruction by pupil modulation differential phase contrast.

Differential phase contrast (DPC) is a non-interferometric quantitative phase imaging method achieved by using an asymmetric imaging procedure. We report a pupil modulation differential phase contrast (PMDPC) imaging method by filtering a sample's Fourier domain with half-circle pupils. A phase gradient image is captured with each half-circle pupil, and a quantitative high resolution phase image is obtained after a deconvolution process with a minimum of two phase gradient images. Here, we introduce PMDPC quantitative phase image reconstruction algorithm and realize it experimentally in a 4f system with an SLM placed at the pupil plane. In our current experimental setup with the numerical aperture of 0.36, we obtain a quantitative phase image with a resolution of 1. 73μm after computationally removing system aberrations and refocusing. We also extend the depth of field digitally by 20 times to ±50μm with a resolution of 1. 76μm.
Direct observations of multi-cyclic nanoindentation-induced phase transformations in single-crystal Ge

Multi-cyclic nanoindentation experiments with various holding loads were carried out on single-crystal Ge to investigate pressure-induced phase transformation behaviors. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopic observation and laser micro-Raman spectroscopy of the indents revealed various phase transformation behaviors at different holding loads. Distinctive phase transformation behaviors were observed under various loading and unloading conditions. With a low holding load, a broad phase transformed region containing r8-Ge phase and dislocations was generated. A middle holding load promoted twinning but limited phase transformations. On the other hand, a densely transformed region containing dc-Ge, a-Ge, r8-Ge and st12-Ge was widely formed at a high holding load. In addition, the calculation results of the average contact pressure in the last unloading step verified the occurrence of these phase transformations. By integrating these results, a path diagram for phase transformations of single-crystal Ge during multi-cyclic nanoindentation was established, which is useful for understanding the subsurface damage formation in mechanical processing of the material.