Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Context in an Interdisciplinary Algebra Writing Assignment

Teaching mathematics in real-word contexts is a strategy to make math relevant for undergraduate students. However, very little research exists on students' methods of integrating contextual and mathematical knowledge through writing. This study uses an interdisciplinary writing assignment to investigate the relationship between students' written portrayal of context and mathematical argumentation. A qualitative analysis of 41 essays found that writing contextual details was associated with the use of multiple data sources and with the mathematical support of an argument. Writing about contextual details allows a student to create a sense of cohesion between mathematics and the thesis of the essay. The study suggests that pre-writing activities connecting context and mathematics may help students integrate interdisciplinary knowledge.
The N-terminal Region of E2F-1 Is Required for Transcriptional Activation of a New Class of Target Promoter (*)

Because of its expression in numerous cells, the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase promoter (HSV-TK) is one of the best characterized promoters. Using the HSV-TK promoter as a model system, we have defined a new mode of E2F-1 transcriptional activation which utilizes the N-terminal region of E2F-1. We demonstrate that E2F-1 strongly activated HSV-TK, but in the absence of consensus E2F DNA elements. Nonetheless, E2F-1 could bind to GC-rich elements, which were conclusively identified in classic studies of HSV-TK as SP-1 sites. Second, the transcriptional activation of HSV-TK required the entire E2F-1 protein, including the N-terminal 89 amino acids. In contrast, the N-terminal 89 amino acids of E2F-1 were dispensable for transcriptional activation through consensus E2F sites. Third, we demonstrated that S phase entry is not sufficient for activation of HSV-TK by E2F-1, while the activation through consensus E2F sites is strictly linked to the cell cycle. Taken together, the activation of HSV-TK by E2F-1 proceeds by a different mechanism directed in part through the N-terminal region of E2F-1 and may be uncoupled from the known cell cycle regulatory role.
Semi-Supervised SimHash for Efficient Document Similarity Search

Searching documents that are similar to a query document is an important component in modern information retrieval. Some existing hashing methods can be used for efficient document similarity search. However, unsupervised hashing methods cannot incorporate prior knowledge for better hashing. Although some supervised hashing methods can derive effective hash functions from prior knowledge, they are either computationally expensive or poorly discriminative. This paper proposes a novel (semi-)supervised hashing method named Semi-Supervised SimHash (S3H) for high-dimensional data similarity search. The basic idea of S3H is to learn the optimal feature weights from prior knowledge to relocate the data such that similar data have similar hash codes. We evaluate our method with several state-of-the-art methods on two large datasets. All the results show that our method gets the best performance.
A Cosine Maximization-Minimization approach for User-Oriented Multi-Document Update Summarization

This paper presents a User-Oriented MultiDocument Update Summarization system based on a maximization-minimization approach. Our system relies on two main concepts. The first one is the cross summaries sentence redundancy removal which tempt to limit the redundancy of information between the update summary and the previous ones. The second concept is the newness of information detection in a cluster of documents. We try to adapt the clustering technique of bag of words extraction to a topic enrichment method that extend the topic with unique information. In the DUC 2007 update evaluation, our system obtained very good results in both automatic and human evaluations.
Les ressorts sociaux de l'indignation militante. L'engagement au sein d'un collectif départemental du Réseau éducation sans frontière

Les enseignants et parents d’eleves qui s’engagent au sein du Reseau education sans frontiere (RESF) entendent exprimer leur indignation devant le sort que l’Etat francais reserve aux enfants et jeunes scolarises etrangers en situation irreguliere. Cette indignation ne peut etre posee en principe d’explication de l’engagement, mais doit elle-meme faire l’objet d’une analyse. C’est ce qu’entreprend l’article, sur la base d’une enquete par observations et entretiens aupres de militants d’un collectif RESF d’un departement de province. Il montre tout d’abord que les ressorts sociaux de l’indignation sont a rechercher dans la trajectoire et la socialisation des agents, qui les a dotes de dispositions critiques, d’appetences protestataires et d’une sensibilite aux enjeux scolaires et de discriminations, qu’ils ont transposees dans leur engagement au sein de ce collectif. L’attachement a une ecole a laquelle ils doivent leur ascension sociale, une humeur critique issue d’un rejet precoce de leur education religieuse, l’influence de modeles familiaux de desobeissance ou encore une experience douloureuse de l’alterite marquent ainsi les trajectoires de bon nombre de ces militants. L’article montre ensuite que l’indignation connait des expressions differenciees selon les modes d’entree dans la cause (percue en termes generaux ou incarnee dans des personnes identifiees) et le degre prealable de competence militante. Il montre enfin comment la poursuite de l’engagement au sein du reseau suppose un travail emotionnel specifique, composante majeure de l’apprentissage militant.
The Effects of Substance Use on Specific Types of Criminal Offending in Young Men

This study examined the causal relationship between substance use and delinquency. Subjects were 596 males aged 16 to 19 from Buffalo, New York. Two interviews were conducted 18 months apart. Cross-lagged and synchronous structural equation panel models were fit for both early and late onset of delinquency groups with five types of delinquency: minor, general, serious, property, and violent offenses. The results showed a significant difference between early-onset and late-onset groups concerning the relationship between substance use and delinquency. Early-onset models showed no causal relationship between substance use and delinquency. The late-onset models showed that minor offenses have significant lagged and synchronous positive effects on drug use, drug use exhibited significant lagged and synchronous positive effects on general offenses, and drinking has significant lagged and synchronous negative effects on property offenses. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Integrating dynamic stopping, transfer learning and language models in an adaptive zero-training ERP speller

Objective. Most BCIs have to undergo a calibration session in which data is recorded to train decoders with machine learning. Only recently zero-training methods have become a subject of study. This work proposes a probabilistic framework for BCI applications which exploit event-related potentials (ERPs). For the example of a visual P300 speller we show how the framework harvests the structure suitable to solve the decoding task by (a) transfer learning, (b) unsupervised adaptation, (c) language model and (d) dynamic stopping. Approach. A simulation study compares the proposed probabilistic zero framework (using transfer learning and task structure) to a state-of-the-art supervised model on n = 22 subjects. The individual influence of the involved components (a)–(d) are investigated. Main results. Without any need for a calibration session, the probabilistic zero-training framework with inter-subject transfer learning shows excellent performance—competitive to a state-of-the-art supervised method using calibration. Its decoding quality is carried mainly by the effect of transfer learning in combination with continuous unsupervised adaptation. Significance. A high-performing zero-training BCI is within reach for one of the most popular BCI paradigms: ERP spelling. Recording calibration data for a supervised BCI would require valuable time which is lost for spelling. The time spent on calibration would allow a novel user to spell 29 symbols with our unsupervised approach. It could be of use for various clinical and non-clinical ERP-applications of BCI.
Double-slot antipodal vivaldi antenna for improved directivity and radiation patterns

A conventional antipodal Vivaldi antenna has characteristics of multiple-octave operation bandwidth but also relatively low directivity, main beam offset direction and asymmetric radiation patterns with frequency variation. In order to improve the directivity and radiation patterns, a design of a double-slot antipodal Vivaldi antenna is proposed. It makes synthetic radiation patterns by complementary patterns of the double-slot structure. As a result, it has center-directional and symmetric radiation patterns. The proposed antenna has an operating frequency range of 2–18 GHz. Directivity of the proposed antenna is improved at high frequencies as compared the conventional antipodal Vivaldi antenna.
Why Do We Diagnose Different Types of Eating Disorder? Arguments for a Change in Research and Clinical Practice

It is argued that the diagnosis of different types of eating disorders lacks either scientific validity or clinical utility, and that the forthcoming elaboration of diagnostic schemes (DSM-IV) is unlikely to improve matters. The central problem with the diagnosiscentred model of the eating disorders seems to be that it is based on an inappropriate model of clinical practice, focusing on syndromes rather than symptoms. However, it would be equally invalid to assume that there is little or no similarity across eatingdisorder sufferers, as suggested by an individual-centred model. Our understanding of the psychopathology and treatment of the eating disorders would benefit from employing a more clinically-appropriate model of practice—the ‘scientist practitioner’ model. Discarding specific diagnoses and using this model would help to make clinical practice and research in the eating disorders more mutually informative.
Challenging the Notions of Partnership and Collaboration in Early Education: A Critical Perspective from a Whānau Class in New Zealand

In the 1970s, New Zealand's Māori leaders and academics successfully sought the revitalisation of culture and language through education. A Māori immersion education system emerged exemplifying school–community partnership and collaboration, and in the milieu of expansion, the whānau class emerged as an education option for children. In this context, families of children aged between 5 and 12 years are placed together in one class and the language of instruction is usually bilingual – Māori and English. A case study of such a class is presented in this article and illustrates how education measurement, underpinned by Western ideologies, can construct Māori children as deficient learners, and undermine the partnership and collaboration foundation of the whānau class. However, this study also demonstrates how alternative measurement systems that take account of Māori children's bilingual and bicultural learning can construct them as capable learners, with the implication that this must inform educators and Māori for successful partnership in the education of Māori children.
Prediction of University Students' Academic Achievement by Linear and Logistic Models

University students' academic achievement measured by means of academic progress is modeled through linear and logistic regression, employing prior achievement and demographic factors as predictors. The main aim of the present paper is to compare results yielded by both statistical procedures, in order to identify the most suitable approach in terms of goodness of fit and predictive power. Grades awarded in basic scientific courses and demographic variables were entered into the models at the first step. Two hypotheses are proposed: (a) Grades in basic courses as well as demographic factors are directly related to academic progress, and (b) Logistic regression is more appropriate than linear regression due to its higher predictive power. Results partially confirm the first prediction, as grades are positively related to progress. However, not all demographic factors considered proved to be good predictors. With regard to the second hypothesis, logistic regression was shown to be a better approach than linear regression, yielding more stable estimates with regard to the presence of ill-fitting patterns. Se estudia el efecto de dos tipos de factores sobre el rendimiento de estudiantes universitarios: variables académicas de rendimiento previo y variables demográficas, mediante modelos lineales y logísticos. El principal objetivo del trabajo es comparar los resultados obtenidos con ambas técnicas estadísticas, para determinar cuál de ellos es más adecuado en términos de ajuste y capacidad predictiva cuando se pretende explicar y predecir el rendimiento académico, en función de variables de rendimiento previo y factores sociodemográficos. Como medida del rendimiento a predecir se empleó el avance en la carrera. Las hipótesis planteadas son: 1) El avance está directamente relacionado con las calificaciones en materias básicas de primer año y con variables demográficas y 2) Los modelos logísticos son más adecuados que los modelos lineales, ya que presentan mayor capacidad predictiva. Los resultados permiten confirmar la primera hipótesis en su primera parte, ya que el rendimiento previo está directa y significativamente asociado al avance en la carrera. Pero se cumple de forma parcial por lo que se refiere al efecto factores demográficos. Con respecto a la segunda hipótesis, la regresión logística mostró ser más adecuada que la lineal, pues arroja estimaciones más estables en relación con la presencia de patrones de mal ajuste.
TRAINING ENGLISHMEN IN THE NON‐VERBAL BEHAVIOUR OF ARABS

Abstract Deux experiences sont relatees: l'une porte sur 10 Arabes, qui ont rencontre deux sujets anglais et ont discute avec eux; on leur demande ensuite de choisir entre les deux anglais. Le sujet anglais experimental a appris prealablement quelles etaient les habitudes non verbales arabes; l'autre, le sujet controVle, a refu des informations non pertinentes. Les sujets experimentaux se sont mieux conformes a l'enseignement refu que les sujets controles. Les resultats montrent egalement que les Arabes preferent les sujets experimentaux a plusieurs titres. La seconde experience est une replique de la premiere, mais il s'agit cette fois d'Anglais et non plus d'Arabes, l'hypothese etant que les Anglais prefereraient les compatriotes qui se comportent a la maniere anglaise plutot qu'arabe. L'hypothese n'est pas confirmee: les Anglais, dans leur preference finale, sont indifferents aux manipulations experimentales. Les sujets experimentaux sont plus souvent choisis dans l'experience arabe que dans l'experien.
Does the Use of English-language Questionnaires in Cross-national Research Obscure National Differences?

Cross-national research is plagued by many obstacles. This article focuses on one of these obstacles: the fact that research in more than one country usually involves respondents with different native languages. We investigated whether the language of the questionnaire influences response patterns. More specifically we tested whether responding in a common language (English) leads to a homogenization of responses across countries, hence obscuring national differences. We tested this hypothesis with a sample of 3419 undergraduate students in 24 countries. Half the students in each country received an English-language questionnaire, while the other half received the same questionnaire in their native language. Three types of questions were included in the questionnaire: questions about cultural norms and values, questions about characteristics of the ideal type of jobs that students would prefer after graduation, and questions about the reasons for choosing particular electives in their studies. Differences across countries were considerably smaller for nearly all questions when the English-language questionnaire was used. Consequences and recommendations for cross-national research and management are discussed.
Variation at the capsule locus, cps, of mistyped and non-typable Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates

The capsule polysaccharide locus (cps) is the site of the capsule biosynthesis gene cluster in encapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae. A set of pneumococcal samples and non-pneumococcal streptococci from Denmark, the Gambia, the Netherlands, Thailand, the UK and the USA were sequenced at the cps locus to elucidate serologically mistyped or non-typable isolates. We identified a novel serotype 33B/33C mosaic capsule cluster and previously unseen serotype 22F capsule genes, disrupted and deleted cps clusters, the presence of aliB and nspA genes that are unrelated to capsule production, and similar genes in the non-pneumococcal samples. These data provide greater understanding of diversity at a locus which is crucial to the antigenic diversity of the pathogen and current vaccine strategies.
Game theoretic approach in multipath routing for tradeoff between routing security and performance

This paper minimizes the routing security risk while limiting the delivery ratio under an ideal value by 1) finding multiple paths between source and destination node; 2) employing the game theory to obtain the most reliability paths and further optimize shares allocation on these paths; 3) integrating secret sharing scheme, and achieving tradeoff between security risk and delivery ratio according to the tradeoff coefficient. Besides improving fault tolerance, it also improves security. In particular, it makes the eavesdropping attacks maximally difficult as the attackers would have to eavesdrop on all possible paths. Simulation evaluations validate our theoretical results and demonstrate how the routing protocol performs in terms of both security risk and performance.
The black and the beautiful: perceptions of (a) new Generation(s)

Abstract This article sets out from the underlying belief that soap operas, like many other forms of popular media, play a role in ordering and rearranging people's everyday life routines, and inquires into some of the ways a South African soap opera functions as a barometer and a vehicle of constancy and change in contemporary South Africa. Focusing specifically on the longstanding South African soap opera, Generations, the article assesses this soap opera as both a product of post-apartheid South Africa and as a mechanism which maintains, and promotes changes in, its viewers’ preferences, beliefs and patterns of everyday life social behaviour. Following Robert Foster's argument on commercial technologies as conducive to constructing ‘national’ or collective entities (Foster 1999: 266–69; 2002: 69), the soap opera is regarded here as a ‘commercial’ technology through which a diversity of viewers are able to constitute a sense of themselves as sharing a wide range of discursive patterns, images, beliefs and lifestyle practices, even as it also motivates them towards social mobility, social action and social change. In terms of this themed issue's focus on cultural economy, the article further considers, albeit partially, the extent to which the production and consumption of Generations is driven by received political economic determinates (i.e. prescribed and shifting guidelines by the South African national broadcaster, the SABC, regarding how the popular media should be configured) which have themselves been transformed into a set of strategically managed socio-cultural determinants. The latter address, for instance, how the popular media in South Africa, and soap opera in particular, have been brought to bear on perceptions of individual selfhood and collective identity among consumers/viewers, and how socio-political change in South Africa is also reshaping representations of collective and individual aspirations of social mobility in popular media discourses and among the consumers thereof. Drawing on ethnographic television audience research, and a range of recent inquiries into South African soap opera by local scholars, I assess how the perceptions and viewing experiences of a group of young adult (female and male), black South African viewers of Generations interviewed for the present study, attest to some of the ways in which young adult South Africans are coping, through their viewing experiences, with the socio-cultural contradictions of South Africa's transforming society.
Joint channel-aware and queue-aware relay selection and resource allocation in cooperative OFDMA networks

In this paper, a joint channel-and-queue-aware relay selection and resource allocation scheme at the scheduling phase in an OFDMA downlink cellular network is proposed. The scheme can choose the best relay to cooperate and allocate subchannels and power for the source and the relay for the selected packet which can maximize the proposed utility function waiting in the base station. Under the premise of satisfying the QoS requirement of the waiting service flow, the utility function consists of the overall power consumption of a packet when it is transmitted between base station to relay station and the relay station to destination and the queue's state. Furthermore, adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) is utilized as a result that the base station and relay station can allocate different power to achieve different bit rates and an ON-OFF model is used to form the traffic model. At the end of this paper, the detailed design and realization of our simulation is presented, and the numerical analysis is done to prove the strength of our proposed scheme.
Derived Same and Opposite Relations Produce Association and Mediated Priming

The present study examined if derived relations under contextual control could produce association and mediated priming in lexical decision tasks. Participants' responses to nonarbitrary stimulus relations of Sameness and Opposition were brought under contextual control. Next, participants were exposed to arbitrary matching-to-sample training in the presence of these same contextual cues, using word-like nonwords as stimuli (the participants were told these were "foreign" words). Participants were then given a series of lexical decision tasks, which included the foreign words and previously unseen "nonsense" stimuli. The task was to decide whether both stimuli were foreign words. Response times to pairs of foreign words were reliably faster when both of the stimuli were related than when they were unrelated; that is, association and mediated priming effects for related stimuli were demonstrated. Keywords: derived relations, contextual control, priming, response time (RT), association priming, mediated priming RESUMEN
Intelligent Notification Systems: A Survey of the State of the Art and Research Challenges

Notifications provide a unique mechanism for increasing the effectiveness of real-time information delivery systems. However, notifications that demand users' attention at inopportune moments are more likely to have adverse effects and might become a cause of potential disruption rather than proving beneficial to users. In order to address these challenges a variety of intelligent notification mechanisms based on monitoring and learning users' behavior have been proposed. The goal of such mechanisms is maximizing users' receptivity to the delivered information by automatically inferring the right time and the right context for sending a certain type of information. This article provides an overview of the current state of the art in the area of intelligent notification mechanisms that relies on the awareness of users' context and preferences. More specifically, we first present a survey of studies focusing on understanding and modeling users' interruptibility and receptivity to notifications from desktops and mobile devices. Then, we discuss the existing challenges and opportunities in developing mechanisms for intelligent notification systems in a variety of application scenarios.