Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MR imaging of the uterine cervix: imaging-pathologic correlation.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is useful not only for preoperative staging of gynecologic malignancies but also for prediction of the histopathologic features of a variety of intrapelvic tumors. Familiarity with the specific imaging findings that have been reported for the uterine cervix is a goal of radiologists. The typical MR imaging findings of uterine cervical lesions correspond to the histopathologic features. These lesions can be categorized as epithelial neoplasms, nonepithelial neoplasms, and nonneoplastic diseases. Cervical carcinoma accounts for most cases of malignant lesions and is staged by using the classification system established by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. MR imaging allows differentiation between endophytic and exophytic growth and between normal and abnormal findings after hysterectomy and irradiation. Other epithelial neoplasms of the uterine cervix include adenoma malignum, which is a special type of cervical adenocarcinoma, as well as carcinoid tumor and malignant melanoma. Nonepithelial neoplasms of the uterine cervix include malignant lymphoma and leiomyoma. Nonneoplastic diseases of the uterine cervix include cervical pregnancy, cervicitis, nabothian cysts, polyps, and endometriosis.
Disaggregate Short-Term Location Prediction Based on Recurrent Neural Network and an Agent-Based Platform

With the growing popularity of mobile and sensory devices, there has been a strong research interest in short-term disaggregate-level location prediction. Such predictive models have huge application potential in several sectors to change and improve people’s daily life and experience. Existing methods in this research stream have mainly focused on the prediction of sequence of location, with valuable temporal information overlooked. In addition, data limitations have constrained the development and understanding from different algorithms. In this paper, the authors propose a recurrent neural network-based method (RNN and LSTM, long short-term memory) for the next and future location prediction. This model predicts the sequence in time, thus it can predict both when and where an individual will be in the future and the duration of the stay at each location. The predictive model is developed based on an agent-based simulation platform that can produce realistic spatial-temporal trajectory data at the individual level. Analysis of the simulated data has shown that RNN and LSTM are capable of predicting future locations with better results than other comparative methods, especially for agents with high location variability. Online prediction with true location information fed into the model later in the day would greatly improve the predicted results. However, significant variations can be observed at the zonal level, with all methods performing much better on frequently visited locations than less visited locations or irregular visits.
Transverse-Contour Modeling of Trunk Muscle–Distributed Forces and Spinal Loads During Lifting and Twisting

Study Design. An electromyography-assisted biomechanical model was developed using electromyographic (surface and in-dwelling) data collected during asymmetric lifting and twisting activities. Objectives. To develop a biomechanical model of the lumbar region that considers the ability of the broad, flat muscles of the trunk (external obliques, internal obliques and latissimus dorsi) to activate different anatomic regions at different intensity levels and then uses this information to describe the spine reaction forces that result during lifting and twisting tasks. Summary of Background Data. Many biomechanical models of the lumbar region use single-vector representations for the external oblique, internal oblique, and latissimus dorsi muscles. This simplification limits the description of the complexity of the resultant forces produced by these muscles and does not consider their differential activation capacity. Methods. Human subjects performed lifting and twisting exertions while muscle electromyographic activities were sampled at one location on the rectus abdominis and erector spinae muscles and at multiple locations on the latissimus dorsi, external oblique, and internal oblique muscles. These data were used in conjunction with in vivo digitized muscle origin and insertion points to predict muscle forces and spine loads through the use of the electromyography-assisted modeling method. Results. The measures of model performance such as percentage of error (6–21%) in the prediction of the external torques, correlations (0.83–0.98) between internal and external torques and the values of predicted muscle force capacity were all similar to data collected in previous electromyography-assisted models, but the predictions of spinal loading, particularly shear forces, were quite different. The results have shown that by modeling the broad, flat muscles of the torso using multiple-force vectors, the calculated shear forces in the spine were reduced. Conclusions. The multivector, transverse-contour model developed in this research illustrates the importance of realistic multiple-vector modeling and the importance of considering the selective-activation capacity of the abdominal oblique musculature.
Acute effects of static stretching on peak torque and the hamstrings‐to‐quadriceps conventional and functional ratios

Recent evidence has shown acute static stretching may decrease hamstring‐to‐quadriceps (H:Q) ratios. However, the effects of static stretching on the functional H:Q ratio, which uses eccentric hamstrings muscle actions, have not been investigated. This study examined the acute effects of hamstrings and quadriceps static stretching on leg extensor and flexor concentric peak torque (PT), leg flexor eccentric PT, and the conventional and functional H:Q ratios. Twenty‐two women (mean ± SD age=20.6 ± 1.9 years; body mass=64.6 ± 9.1 kg; height=164.5 ± 6.4 cm) performed three maximal voluntary unilateral isokinetic leg extension, flexion, and eccentric hamstring muscle actions at the angular velocities of 60 and 180°/s before and after a bout of hamstrings, quadriceps, and combined hamstrings and quadriceps static stretching, and a control condition. Two‐way repeated measures ANOVAs (time × condition) were used to analyze the leg extension, flexion, and eccentric PT as well as the conventional and functional H:Q ratios. Results indicated that when collapsed across velocity, hamstrings‐only stretching decreased the conventional ratios (P<0.05). Quadriceps‐only and hamstrings and quadriceps stretching decreased the functional ratios (P<0.05). These findings suggested that stretching may adversely affect the conventional and functional H:Q ratios.
Assessing mothers' concerns in the postpartum period: methodological issues.

AIM This paper reports a study evaluating the sensitivity of a semi-structured interview schedule and card sort methods in assessing postpartum concerns of women. BACKGROUND Several methods have been used to assess postpartum maternal concerns and the process of becoming a mother, but few studies have evaluated the methods with respect to their sensitivity for obtaining information. METHOD A cohort of mothers was followed-up at one (n = 110) and 6 weeks (n = 83) after childbirth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Women with a minimum of 7 years of primary education were interviewed and they also sorted cards. Those with less fewer than 7 years of primary education were interviewed only. The methods were used in alternate order to assess method interaction. RESULTS In the interviews at 1 week, mothers more often expressed worry and interest related to the baby or themselves when they had sorted cards first. The extent to which women expressed worry and interest about specific baby- and mother-related topics was generally higher for women who had sorted cards before the interview at both 1 and 6 weeks. Independent of whether they were interviewed only, interviewed after sorting cards or before, mothers more often expressed a higher degree of interest than of worry about the baby and self at both 1 and 6 weeks. The order of the data collection methods did not influence the way women sorted cards as being worries and interests. CONCLUSION Compared to interview using a semi-structured interview schedule, our findings suggest that the card sort is more sensitive in obtaining information about women's concerns. Although the interview method has the advantage of reaching less educated people, the card sort is a technique that is associated with fewer barriers and is a more participatory method for those who can use it.
Sampling of bank stock using machine learning and Pearson measure

This paper is to predict the main attributes of the dataset which relates to bank stocks. By this the performance of the system increases and hence uses less data to acquire the output. Finally, this output is compared with the actual output which is acquired by using all the data. Hence the main attributes are predicted by using Machine learning and Pearson measure.
"Cost Inflation" versus "Demand Inflation": A Useful Distinction?

A distinguishing characteristic of much recent thinking and writing in the general area of price behavior has been the rapid proliferation of inflation "types. " It is no longer fashionable to speak simply of "inflation"; instead, one must specify whether he means "cost inflation," "demand inflation," "excess-demand inflation," "wage inflation," "money inflation," "structural inflation," "log-rolling inflation," "buyers' inflation," "sellers' inflation," "mark-up inflation," "administered-price inflation," and so on. This unmistakable-and undeniably significant-trend in linguistic fashions suggests a number of interesting questions, the most basic being: why do we need all these distinctions and what contribution do they make to the formulation of public policy? The purpose of this paper is to shed some light on this broad question by analyzing the usefulness of the most popular single dichotomy-namely, the distinction between "cost inflation" and "demand inflation. "' The decision to concentrate on this one species of the inflation typology fever is based on the conviction that to analyze all of the above inflation types individually would: (a) be an almost endless task; and (b) involve considerable repetition and hair-splitting.
Standards for Qualitative Research

One of the greatest obstacles to the identification of excellence in qualitative studies is the lack of generally accepted criteria. The criteria developed for quantitative studies are based on a different set of as sumptions and are not appropriate. Those who critique qualitative stud ies need context flexibility, skills in inductive reasoning, skills in theory analysis, and the capacity to transform ideas across levels of abstrac tion. The following standards are proposed for critique of qualitative studies: (a) descriptive vividness; (b) methodological congruence; (c) an alytic preciseness; (d) theoretical connectedness; and (e) heuristic rele vance. Methodological congruence has four elements: rigor in documen tation ; procedural rigor; ethical rigor; and auditability. Heuristic rele vance has three elements: intuitive recognition; relationship to existing body of knowledge; and applicability. Threats to each of these standards are identified. Creative strategies for improving the published presenta tion of qualitative studies must be developed to allow adequate critique.
A Novel Automatic Block-based Multi-focus Image Fusion via Genetic Algorithm

The key issue of block-based multi-focus image fusion is to determine the size of the sub-block because different sizes of the sub-block will lead to different fusion effects. To solve this problem, this paper presents a novel genetic algorithm (GA) based multi-focus image fusion method, in which the block size can be automatically found. In our method, the Sum-modified-Laplacian (SML) is selected as an evaluation criterion to measure the clarity of the image sub-block, and the edge information retention is employed to calculate the fitness of each individual. Then, through the selection, crossover and mutation procedures of the GA, we can obtain the optimal solution for the sub-block, which is finally used to fuse the images. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional methods, including the average, gradient pyramid, discrete wavelet transform (DWT), shift invariant DWT (SIDWT) and two existing GA-based methods in terms of both the visual subjective evaluation and the objective evaluation.
Female foeticide in rural Haryana.

Female foeticide over the last 15 years has distorted sex ratios at birth in several Asian countries. Foetal sex determination clinics have been established in India over the last 20 years in northern and western cities. Presented here is the outcome of an intensive study of the abuse of prenatal diagnostic techniques for sex selection in a rural population of 13000 in Rohtak district. Parents tend to be calculative in choosing the sex of the next child and the decision is based on the birth order sex sequence of previous children and number of sons. Transfer of reproductive technology to India is resulting in reinforcement of patriarchal values as professional medical organisations seem to be indifferent to ethical misconduct. (EXCERPT)
Arf tumor suppressor and miR-205 regulate cell adhesion and formation of extraembryonic endoderm from pluripotent stem cells

Significance The Arf tumor suppressor gene is not expressed in most normal tissues but when activated by oncogenic stress signals engages a p53-dependent transcriptional program that prevents tumor formation. Surprisingly, expression of the p19Arf protein in mouse embryoid bodies is required for the timely formation of extraembryonic endoderm (ExEn). Inactivation of Arf down-regulates a single microRNA, miR-205, which can “rescue” ExEn formation in Arf-null embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells. During ExEn formation, miR-205 regulates a suite of genes that govern cell migration and adhesion, suggesting a conceptual basis for linking the roles of Arf in ExEn differentiation and tumor metastasis. Induction of the Arf tumor suppressor (encoded by the alternate reading frame of the Cdkn2a locus) following oncogene activation engages a p53-dependent transcriptional program that limits the expansion of incipient cancer cells. Although the p19Arf protein is not detected in most tissues of fetal or young adult mice, it is physiologically expressed in the fetal yolk sac, a tissue derived from the extraembryonic endoderm (ExEn). Expression of the mouse p19Arf protein marks late stages of ExEn differentiation in cultured embryoid bodies (EBs) derived from either embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Arf inactivation delays differentiation of the ExEn lineage within EBs, but not the formation of other germ cell lineages from pluripotent progenitors. Arf is required for the timely induction of ExEn cells in response to Ras/Erk signaling and, in turn, acts through p53 to ensure the development, but not maintenance, of the ExEn lineage. Remarkably, a significant temporal delay in ExEn differentiation detected during the maturation of Arf-null EBs is rescued by enforced expression of mouse microRNA-205 (miR-205), a microRNA up-regulated by p19Arf and p53 that controls ExEn cell migration and adhesion. The noncanonical and canonical roles of Arf in ExEn development and tumor suppression, respectively, may be conceptually linked through mechanisms that govern cell attachment and migration.
Materials and Methods Isolation and Culture of Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells ( BAEC )

The vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) is a 110-kD member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily expressed on the surface of interleukin 1/$or tumor necrosis factor a (TNF)stimulated endothelial cells. The cell surface protein functions as an inducible adhesion receptor for circulating mononuclear leukocytes and some tumor cells. We have previously characterized the genomic organization of the VCAMI gene and described its chromosomal localization. In this report, the promoter of the VCAM1 gene is characterized. New transcription of the VCAMI gene occurred when endothelial cells were treated with TNF. Fusion plasmids containing the 5' flanking sequence of the VCAM1 gene and the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene were used to identify c/s-acting sequences that direct the cytokine-induced transcription. When transfected into bovine aortic endothelial cells, constructs containing 755 bp of the 5' flanking sequence were induced by TNE Within the cytokine-responsive region of the core promoter were functional NF-rB and GATA elements. Upstream of the core promoter, the VCAM1 5' flanking sequence contained a negative regulatory activity. NF-rB-mediated activation of VCAM1 gene expression may lead to endothelial expression of a mononuclear leukocyte adhesion molecule associated with initial events in the development of an atherosclerotic lesion.
Patient centeredness: The perspectives of uninsured primary care patients in the United States

Introduction Patient-centered care has become increasingly important within the United States (US) healthcare system. Given that patient-centered care predicts patient satisfaction, health outcomes, and cost-effectiveness, it is of the utmost importance to study patient-centered care from the perspectives of marginalized populations including minorities, immigrants, and other underserved populations. The purpose of this study is to examine factors that affect underserved primary care patients’ perceptions of patient centeredness. Methods The data were cross-sectional and collected in Fall 2016. Free clinic patients (N = 723) completed a self-administered survey, which measures patient centeredness, patient involvement in care, and clinical empathy. Validated measures were part of the survey, and the internal consistency of scales was tested. The general linear model was performed to predict factors associated with patients’ perceptions of patient centeredness. Results Higher levels of perceived patient involvement in care and higher levels of perceived empathy in consultation are related to higher levels of patient centeredness. While better physical health is associated with higher levels of perceived empathy in consultation, high levels of emotional health and depression are not. Conclusions Patients’ perceptions of involvement and empathy are important factors for patient-centered care, although this study did not show causal directions among variables. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that future studies should focus on the following three points: (1) to develop and evaluate trainings for providers, (2) develop education classes for patients who utilize free clinics, (3) analyze how these programs affect patient-centered care and health outcomes.
Voltage Control Technique for the Extension of DC-Link Voltage Utilization of Finite-Speed SPMSM Drives

This paper presents a new voltage control technique which extends dc-link voltage utilization for finite-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor drives. Therefore, significantly increasing the output power and torque under flux-weakening operation can be achieved. The switching period and summation of active switching times for inverter pulsewidth modulation control are used to modify the -axis current reference under the flux-weakening region such that the voltage trajectory of inverter output can be extended to move to the hexagon of the space vector modulation, thereby extending the utilization of dc-link voltage. Moreover, it will be shown that the proposed voltage control technique has some additional special features, such as not sensitive to motor parameter, no need of voltage and current feedback, and no need of lookup table. The presented method is realized by software and does not require additional hardware. Comparisons of experimental results will be presented for confirming the presented technique.
The fuzzy approach for classification of the photo composition

This paper proposes a photo composition classification method based on fuzzy logic. For many image-based applications and processing, such as image enhancement, image segmentation, image retrial, and aesthetic evaluation, all need to meet a variety of photo compositions. The performance of the processing will be better than assumes all photos with the same photo composition for the same treatment. We develop a classification method that can be applied in some fields based on characteristics of the photo composition. The proposed Mamdani fuzzy system combines with the image features and a set of fuzzy rules. The classification result for a photo will provide the numerical information to identify the most likely photo composition. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively classify the photo composition as the test result by the human experience.
Timing of Neurological Improvement after Acute Ischemic Stroke and Functional Outcome

Background: The time of neurological improvement (TNI) after acute ischemic stroke may have a predictive value. Methods: We evaluated 410 consecutive patients who were admitted within 12 hours of stroke onset. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was measured on admission and at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Neurological improvement was defined as an improvement in the NIHSS score by ≥2 points (NI2) or ≥4 points (NI4) or an NIHSS score of 0. Patients with a Modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of ≤2 were considered to have a good outcome. Results: Patients with earlier TNIs had a lower 3-month mRS score and a higher probability for a good outcome. In the binary and ordinal regression analyses, age, NIHSS score, atrial fibrillation and TNI were independently associated with a good outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses demonstrated that TNI2 had higher sensitivity and lower specificity than TNI4. The best threshold for predicting outcome was day 3 for TNI2 and day 14 for TNI4. Conclusions: These results suggest that TNI is independently associated with functional outcome at 90 days. TNI2 may be more useful than TNI4 for early prediction of stroke outcome.