Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical Model for SDN Signaling Traffic and Flow Table Occupancy and Its Application for Various Types of Traffic

Software defined networking (SDN) has emerged as a promising networking paradigm overcoming various drawbacks of current communication networks.The control and data plane of switching devices is decoupled and control functions are centralized at the network controller. In SDN, each new flow introduces additional signaling traffic between the switch and the controller. Based on this traffic, rules are created in the flow table of the switch, which specify the forwarding behavior. To avoid table overflows, unused entries are removed after a predefined time-out period. Given a specific traffic mix, the choice of this time-out period affects the tradeoff between signaling rate and table occupancy. As a result, network operators have to adjust this parameter to enable a smooth and efficient network operation. Due to the complexity of this problem caused by the various traffic flows in a network, a suitable abstraction is necessary in order to derive valid parameter values in time. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, we formulate a simple analytical model that allows optimizing the network performance with respect to the table occupancy and the signaling rate. Second, we validate the model by means of simulation. Third, we illustrate the impact of the time-out period on the signaling traffic and the flow table occupancy for different data-plane traffic mixes and characteristics. This includes scenarios with single application instances, as well as multiple application instances of different application types in an SDN-enabled network.
Rheological Study of Solidified Traction Oils under High Pressure by Observation of Deformed Microspheres

The rheological properties of solidified traction oils used in continuously variable transmissions (CVTs) under pressure were evaluated by observing large plastic deformation of metal microspheres (φ about 0.07 mm), occurring due to non-hydrostatic pressurization in these oils using a diamond-anvil pressure cell. The solidification pressure values obtained by observing aluminum sphere deformation were almost equal to those extrapolated from high-pressure viscosity; thus, aluminum sphere deformation experiments are effective for evaluating solidification pressure. Shear stresses of the solidified oils could be estimated up to 5 GPa from the deformed Cu spheres based on several assumptions. The stresses were almost equal to the mean shear stress obtained from a traction test between 1.0 GPa and 1.7 GPa and were below it for pressures above 1.7 GPa. The stress values varied little among different oils.
In-Mould Painting by Spraying Thermoset Powder Coating into a Closed Mould, Followed by Standard Thermoplastic Injection Moulding: Part 1: Introducing the IN-SPIRE Process

Injection moulding technologies are constantly evolving to meet changing customer requirements, improved cost effectiveness and to meet new environmental legislation. One such technology is in-mould decoration (IMD). This technique is attractive due to increased customer desire for multi-functional and decorative products and includes any process in which a fully, or partially, decorated component is produced directly from the moulding process. A new patented IMD process has been developed to produce a painted component direct from the injection moulding tool. It uses thermoset powder coatings which are sprayed under pressure through a valve into a closed mould using a novel feed system. The heat of the tool softens the coatings which are then cured by the injection of thermoplastic polymer into a standard injection moulding system. In this first paper initial design features and considerations as well as the process itself are discussed.
Somatosensory Representations Link the Perception of Emotional Expressions and Sensory Experience123

Abstract Studies of human emotion perception have linked a distributed set of brain regions to the recognition of emotion in facial, vocal, and body expressions. In particular, lesions to somatosensory cortex in the right hemisphere have been shown to impair recognition of facial and vocal expressions of emotion. Although these findings suggest that somatosensory cortex represents body states associated with distinct emotions, such as a furrowed brow or gaping jaw, functional evidence directly linking somatosensory activity and subjective experience during emotion perception is critically lacking. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and multivariate decoding techniques, we show that perceiving vocal and facial expressions of emotion yields hemodynamic activity in right somatosensory cortex that discriminates among emotion categories, exhibits somatotopic organization, and tracks self-reported sensory experience. The findings both support embodied accounts of emotion and provide mechanistic insight into how emotional expressions are capable of biasing subjective experience in those who perceive them.
Spatial Representation and Reasoning for Human-Robot Collaboration

How should a robot represent and reason about spatial information when it needs to collaborate effectively with a human? The form of spatial representation that is useful for robot navigation may not be useful in higher-level reasoning or working with humans as a team member. To explore this question, we have extended previous work on how children and robots learn to play hide and seek to a human-robot team covertly approaching a moving target. We used the cognitive modeling system, ACT-R, with an added spatial module to support the robot's spatial reasoning. The robot interacted with a team member through voice, gestures, and movement during the team's covert approach of a moving target. This paper describes the new robotic system and its integration of metric, symbolic, and cognitive layers of spatial representation and reasoning for its individual and team behavior.
Correction: Effects of the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 on apoptosis and angiogenesis in orthotopic human pancreatic tumor xenografts

Recent studies have shown that the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), regulates critical survival pathways in a variety of different cell types, including human pancreatic cancer cells. The activation of NF-kappaB is controlled by proteasome-mediated degradation of its endogenous polypeptide inhibitor, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaBalpha. We investigated the effects of PS-341, a peptide boronate inhibitor of the proteasome in human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Comparison of PS-341's effects on the growth of eight different human pancreatic cancer cell lines revealed marked heterogeneity in drug responsiveness, ranging from highly resistant (IC50 > 10 microM; Panc-48, HS766T, and Mia-PaCa-2) to extremely sensitive (IC50 < 40 nM; L3.6pl, Hpaf2, and BxPC3). However, these effects did not correlate with differential inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. Direct quantification of apoptosis revealed that PS-341's effects on cell growth largely correlated with sensitivity to programmed cell death. Evaluation of PS-341's effects on established orthotopic tumor xenografts demonstrated that biweekly intravenous administration of the maximum-tolerated dose of the drug (1 mg/kg) led to significant reductions in the volumes of L3.6pl tumors but not Mia-PaCa-2 tumors. Laser scanning cytometer-mediated quantification of drug-induced apoptosis in the xenografts confirmed that PS-341 induced DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 in L3.6pl tumors but not in Mia-PaCa-2 tumors. However, histological examination of drug-treated tumors revealed extensive central necrosis and reductions in microvessel density and VEGF expression in both tumor types. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PS-341 inhibits the growth of human pancreatic tumors via direct effects on tumor cells and indirect effects on the tumor vasculature.
Model Synchronization , Mappings , Tile Algebra , and Categories

The paper presents a novel algebraic framework for specification and design of model synchronization tools. The basic premise is that synchronization procedures, and hence algebraic operations modeling them, are diagrammatic: they take a configuration (diagram) of models and mappings as their input and produce a diagram as the output. Many important synchronization scenarios are based on diagram operations of square shape. Composition of such operations amounts to their tiling, and complex synchronizers can thus be assembled by tiling together simple synchronization blocks. This gives rise to a visually suggestive yet precise notation for specifying synchronization procedures and reasoning about them.
Dissociation of Motor Task-Induced Cortical Excitability and Pain Perception Changes in Healthy Volunteers

Background There is evidence that interventions aiming at modulation of the motor cortex activity lead to pain reduction. In order to understand further the role of the motor cortex on pain modulation, we aimed to compare the behavioral (pressure pain threshold) and neurophysiological effects (transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) induced cortical excitability) across three different motor tasks. Methodology/Principal Findings Fifteen healthy male subjects were enrolled in this randomized, controlled, blinded, cross-over designed study. Three different tasks were tested including motor learning with and without visual feedback, and simple hand movements. Cortical excitability was assessed using single and paired-pulse TMS measures such as resting motor threshold (RMT), motor-evoked potential (MEP), intracortical facilitation (ICF), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and cortical silent period (CSP). All tasks showed significant reduction in pain perception represented by an increase in pressure pain threshold compared to the control condition (untrained hand). ANOVA indicated a difference among the three tasks regarding motor cortex excitability change. There was a significant increase in motor cortex excitability (as indexed by MEP increase and CSP shortening) for the simple hand movements. Conclusions/Significance Although different motor tasks involving motor learning with and without visual feedback and simple hand movements appear to change pain perception similarly, it is likely that the neural mechanisms might not be the same as evidenced by differential effects in motor cortex excitability induced by these tasks. In addition, TMS-indexed motor excitability measures are not likely good markers to index the effects of motor-based tasks on pain perception in healthy subjects as other neural networks besides primary motor cortex might be involved with pain modulation during motor training.
A Gene in the Process of Endosymbiotic Transfer

Background The endosymbiotic birth of organelles is accompanied by massive transfer of endosymbiont genes to the eukaryotic host nucleus. In the centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana the Psb28 protein is encoded in the plastid genome while a second version is nuclear-encoded and possesses a bipartite N-terminal presequence necessary to target the protein into the diatom complex plastid. Thus it can represent a gene captured during endosymbiotic gene transfer. Methodology/Principal Findings To specify the origin of nuclear- and plastid-encoded Psb28 in T. pseudonana we have performed extensive phylogenetic analyses of both mentioned genes. We have also experimentally tested the intracellular location of the nuclear-encoded Psb28 protein (nuPsb28) through transformation of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum with the gene in question fused to EYFP. Conclusions/Significance We show here that both versions of the psb28 gene in T. pseudonana are transcribed. We also provide experimental evidence for successful targeting of the nuPsb28 fused with EYFP to the diatom complex plastid. Extensive phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that nucleotide composition of the analyzed genes deeply influences the tree topology and that appropriate methods designed to deal with a compositional bias of the sequences and the long branch attraction artefact (LBA) need to be used to overcome this obstacle. We propose that nuclear psb28 in T. pseudonana is a duplicate of a plastid localized version, and that it has been transferred from its endosymbiont.
Magnetization reversal with domain-wall pinning in (Ga, Mn)As wire

The pinning effect of magnetic domain walls in patterned (Ga, Mn)As wires with a constriction is investigated through magnetoresistance (MR) measurements and micromagnetic simulations. An experimental MR curve of a sample with the constriction clearly demonstrates step-like magnetization behavior in its magnetization reversal process and the behavior is also observed in the calculated MR curve. Simulated magnetic domain configurations indicate that the constriction in the wire acts as an effective pinning site of a 90/spl deg/ domain wall.
Exploring the Role of Network Characteristics, Knowledge Quality, and Inertia on the Evolution of Scientific Networks

Despite decades of network research, the crucial question, “How do networks evolve? ” has not been sufficiently explored. The authors explore this question by analyzing the co-authorship networks in the U.S. biotechnology firms. Building on network management and network inertia perspectives, the authors build a model predicting that the structural changes in the firms’ co-authorship networks are dependent on the specific characteristics of firms’ initial networks, the firm’s age and size. The authors then extend the model by incorporating a measure of the impact of the quality of the knowledge produced by the network ties using the prominence and inertia perspectives, which lead to the incorporation of competing hypotheses and moderating relationships in the model of scientific network evolution. The authors then test the model using longitudinal analysis of 367 U.S. biotechnology firms over a span of 17 years. The authors find that firms’ existing tie-specific characteristics in the form of a firm’s existing network size, tie strength, and the knowledge quality are significant determinants of network evolution, but that this influence is tempered by organizational inertia.
Code shredding: byte-granular randomization of program layout for detecting code-reuse attacks

Code-reuse attacks by corrupting memory address pointers have been a major threat of software for many years. There have been numerous defenses proposed for countering this threat, but majority of them impose strict restrictions on software deployment such as requiring recompilation with a custom compiler, or causing integrity problems due to program modification. One notable exception is ASLR(address space layout randomization) which is a widespread defense free of such burdens, but is also known to be penetrated by a class of attacks that takes advantage of its coarse randomization granularity. Focusing on minimizing randomization granularity while also possessing these advantages of ASLR to the greatest extent, we propose a novel defensive approach called code shredding: a defensive scheme based on the idea of embedding the checksum value of a memory address as a part of itself. This simple yet effective approach hinders designation of specific address used in code-reuse attacks, by giving attackers an illusion of program code shredded into pieces at byte granularity and dispersed randomly over memory space. We show our design and implementation of a proof-of-concept prototype system for the Windows platform and the results from several experiments conducted to confirm its feasibility and performance overheads.
Noise Suppression Scheme using Median Filter in Gray and Binary Images

The Quality factor always integrates performance of everything. The performance of a fingerprint image matching process relies on the quality of the fingerprint image. The poor quality image does not define a good structure of the fingerprint image; and the noisy images affect the reliability of Automated Authentication and the Identification systems. To get a good quality image, noises should be suppressed. In this paper, a new scheme is generated to eliminate noise using Median filter. We made an attempt to apply the new scheme on both the gray-scale image and the binary image in order to get better and accurate fingerprint features for further process. The experimental result shows the expected measures such as effectiveness and performance on the median filter using the statistical correlation factor and the computational time among the gray and binary images. The proposed algorithm was implemented using MATLAB 7.10. 0 tool. The experimental results show that the algorithm for the enhancement of gray level image gives effectiveness and no loss of information, whereas there is some loss of information in the binary image.
Which Tumblr Post Should I Read Next?

Microblogging sites have emerged as major platforms for bloggers to create and consume posts as well as to follow other bloggers and get informed of their updates. Due to the large number of users, and the huge amount of posts they create, it becomes extremely difﬁcult to identify relevant and interesting blog posts. In this paper, we propose a novel convex collective matrix completion (CCMC) method that effectively utilizes user-item matrix and incorporates additional user activity and topic-based signals to recommend relevant content. The key advantage of CCMC over existing methods is that it can obtain a globally optimal solution and can easily scale to large-scale matrices us-ing Hazan’s algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst work which applies and studies CCMC as a recommendation method in social media. We conduct a large scale study and show significant improvement over existing state-of-the-art approaches.
A demonstration of simultaneous execution and editing in a development environment

We introduce a tool within the Code Bubbles development environment that allows for continuous execution as the programmer edits. The tool, SEEDE, shows both the intermediate and final results of execution in terms of variables, control flow, output, and graphics. These results are updated as the user edits. The user can explore the execution to find or fix bugs or use the intermediate values to help write appropriate code. A demonstration video is available at https://www.you-tube.com/watch? v=GpibSxX3Wlw.
Distinct Biology of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus from Primary Lesions and Body Cavity Lymphomas

ABSTRACT The DNA sequence for Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus was originally detected in Kaposi’s sarcoma biopsy specimens. Since its discovery, it has been possible to detect virus in cell lines established from AIDS-associated body cavity-based B-cell lymphoma and to propagate virus from primary Kaposi’s sarcoma lesions in a human renal embryonic cell line, 293. In this study, we analyzed the infectivity of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus produced from these two sources. Viral isolates from cultured cutaneous primary KS cells was transmitted to an Epstein-Barr virus-negative Burkitt’s B-lymphoma cell line, Louckes, and compared to virus induced from a body cavity-based B-cell lymphoma cell line. While propagation of body cavity-based B-cell lymphoma-derived virus was not observed in 293 cell cultures, infection with viral isolates obtained from primary Kaposi’s sarcoma lesions induced injury in 293 cells typical of herpesvirus infection and was associated with apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, transient overexpression of the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus v-Bcl-2 homolog delayed the process of apoptosis and prolonged the survival of infected 293 cells. In contrast, the broad-spectrum caspase inhibitors Z-VAD-fmk and Z-DEVD-fmk failed to protect infected cell cultures, suggesting that Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-induced apoptosis occurs through a Bcl-2-dependent pathway. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus isolates from primary Kaposi’s sarcoma lesions and body cavity-based lymphomas therefore may differ and are likely to have distinct contributions to the pathophysiology of Kaposi’s sarcoma.
Gene Network Analysis of Glucose Linked Signaling Pathways and Their Role in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth and Survival in HuH7 and HepG2 Cell Lines

Cancer progression may be affected by metabolism. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of glucose on the proliferation and/or survival of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Human gene datasets regulated by glucose were compared to gene datasets either dysregulated in HCC or regulated by other signaling pathways. Significant numbers of common genes suggested putative involvement in transcriptional regulations by glucose. Real-time proliferation assays using high (4.5 g/L) versus low (1 g/L) glucose on two human HCC cell lines and specific inhibitors of selected pathways were used for experimental validations. High glucose promoted HuH7 cell proliferation but not that of HepG2 cell line. Gene network analyses suggest that gene transcription by glucose could be mediated at 92% through ChREBP in HepG2 cells, compared to 40% in either other human cells or rodent healthy liver, with alteration of LKB1 (serine/threonine kinase 11) and NOX (NADPH oxidases) signaling pathways and loss of transcriptional regulation of PPARGC1A (peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors gamma coactivator 1) target genes by high glucose. Both PPARA and PPARGC1A regulate transcription of genes commonly regulated by glycolysis, by the antidiabetic agent metformin and by NOX, suggesting their major interplay in the control of HCC progression.
Effects of inspiratory muscle training on dynamic hyperinflation in patients with COPD

Dynamic hyperinflation has important clinical consequences in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Given that most of these patients have respiratory and peripheral muscle weakness, dyspnea and functional exercise capacity may improve as a result of inspiratory muscle training (IMT). The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of IMT on exercise capacity, dyspnea, and inspiratory fraction (IF) during exercise in patients with COPD. Daily inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training was performed for 8 weeks in 10 patients with COPD GOLD II and III. Ten patients with COPD II and III served as a control group. Maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax) and endurance time during resistive breathing maneuvers (tlim) served as parameter for inspiratory muscle capacity. Before and after training, the patients performed an incremental symptom limited exercise test to maximum and a constant load test on a cycle ergometer at 75% of the peak work rate obtained in the pretraining incremental test. ET was defined as the duration of loaded pedaling. Following IMT, there was a statistically significant increase in inspiratory muscle performance of the Pimax from 7.75 ± 0.47 to 9.15 ± 0.73 kPa (P < 0.01) and of tlim from 348 ± 54 to 467 ± 58 seconds (P < 0.01). A significant increase in IF, indicating decreased dynamic hyperinflation, was observed during both exercise tests. Further, the ratio of breathing frequency to minute ventilation (bf/V′E) decreased significantly, indicating an improved breathing pattern. A significant decrease in perception of dyspnea was also measured. Peak work rate during the incremental cycle ergometer test remained constant, while ET during the constant load test increased significantly from 597.1 ± 80.8 seconds at baseline to 733.6 ± 74.3 seconds (P < 0.01). No significant changes during either exercise tests were measured in the control group. The present study found that in patients with COPD, IMT results in improvement in performance, exercise capacity, sensation of dyspnea, and improvement in the IF prognostic factor.