Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A predictive control based management policy in a spacecraft power system

This paper presents a control architecture for power management of a spacecraft system with multi-task flight. In view of both flight-mode complexity and load diversity, a novel power management policy based on predictive control is proposed and will be applied to the spacecraft system. A sequential switching shunt regulator (S3R) based power generation model has been established to predict the primary power supply of the spacecraft. The in-orbit load demand is strongly dependent on the pre-planned flight procedures. Then a battery capacity based power balance policy has been made to guarantee the balance state during a complete orbital period. Once in a state of unbalanced power system, unimportant loads will be excluded when a specific flight mode is applied. A judgment matrix based priority policy has been formulated to classify the in-orbit loads. As a bonus offered by the Power Management and Distribution (PMAD), weights are introduced into our load management system to schedule and establish the load priority. To establish the load priority list, a set of crucial parameters involving working-mode coefficient, grading coefficient and comprehensive indices (in terms of unquantized coupling weights, power consumption and working hours characterized quantificationally) has to be well defined using judgment matrix. Using the judgment matrix, the power system is capable of modulating electrical load suitable to supplied power, with updated priority list generated accordingly.
DOPAMINERGIC AND CHOLINERGIC MODULATION IN A BIOPHYSICAL MODEL OF THE NEOSTRIATUM

Department of Cognitive Science University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92037 ABSTRACT Although interaction between dopaminergic and cholinergic modulation is clearly important for normal striatal function, the precise mechanism of this interaction is far from clear. This paper describes a biophysical model of the neostriatum which includes models of dopaminer gic and cholinergic influences at the level of individual ion channels. The model makes implicit claims about the effects of these interactions on phenomena from the firing of single neurons, and the behavior of small networks of such neurons, on up to system phenomena such as shortterm memory.
Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Perturbations in Wooden Breast Disorder in Chickens

This study was conducted to characterize metabolic features of the breast muscle (pectoralis major) in chickens affected with the Wooden Breast myopathy. Live birds from two purebred chicken lines and one crossbred commercial broiler population were clinically examined by manual palpation of the breast muscle (pectoralis major) at 47–48 days of age. Metabolite abundance was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using breast muscle tissue samples from 16 affected and 16 unaffected chickens. Muscle glycogen content was also quantified in breast muscle tissue samples from affected and unaffected chickens. In total, levels of 140 biochemicals were significantly different (FDR < 0.1 and fold-change A/U > 1.3 or < 0.77) between affected and unaffected chickens. Glycogen content measurements were considerably lower (1.7-fold) in samples taken from Wooden Breast affected birds when compared with samples from unaffected birds. Affected tissues exhibited biomarkers related to increased oxidative stress, elevated protein levels, muscle degradation, and altered glucose utilization. Affected muscle also showed elevated levels of hypoxanthine, xanthine, and urate molecules, the generation of which can contribute to altered redox homeostasis. In conclusion, our findings show that Wooden Breast affected tissues possess a unique metabolic signature. This unique profile may identify candidate biomarkers for diagnostic utilization and provide mechanistic insight into altered biochemical processes contributing to tissue hardening associated with the Wooden Breast myopathy in commercial chickens.
A Tejana testimonio: Language experiences and the impact for teaching and learning

ABSTRACT This paper explores my experiences as a Latina/Chicana educator from the borderlands of South Texas and acknowledges my innermost battle with identity through my own testimonio. The purpose is to re-examine administrator and teacher language ideologies and the detrimental effect on curriculum development for all students learning in more than one language. It explores the challenges of my battle and possibilities of professional development using narrative inquiry, testimonios, autobiographies and other critical, pedagogical instructional dialogues as a path to discovery for teachers and administrators to harness their own multilingual language experiences as they support teaching and learning for English learners.
A simple and novel algorithm for automatic selection of ROI for dental radiograph segmentation

Segmentation of dental X-ray image helps to find two major regions of dental X-ray image: 1) gap valley, 2) tooth isolation. Dental radiograph segmentation is a challenging problem because of intensity variation and noise. Traditional algorithms make use of gray and binary intensity integral curves. Using these curves the regions of gap valley and tooth isolation are extracted. We propose a novel method of finding ROI for both gap valley and tooth isolation using binary edge intensity integral curves. The proposed algorithm uses region growing approach followed by Canny edge detector. It automatically finds the ROI both for gap valley and tooth isolation in 83% dental radiograph images without rotation.
Learning Important Spatial Pooling Regions for Scene Classification

We address the false response influence problem when learning and applying discriminative parts to construct the mid-level representation in scene classification. It is often caused by the complexity of latent image structure when convolving part filters with input images. This problem makes mid-level representation, even after pooling, not distinct enough to classify input data correctly to categories. Our solution is to learn important spatial pooling regions along with their appearance. The experiments show that this new framework suppresses false response and produces improved results on several datasets, including MIT-Indoor, 15-Scene, and UIUC 8-Sport. When combined with global image features, our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on these datasets.
Detecting and Estimating Signals in Noisy Cable Structures, II: Information Theoretical Analysis

This is the second in a series of articles that seek to recast classical single-neuron biophysics in information-theoretical terms. Classical cable theory focuses on analyzing the voltage or current attenuation of a synaptic signal as it propagates from its dendritic input location to the spike initiation zone. On the other hand, we are interested in analyzing the amount of information lost about the signal in this process due to the presence of various noise sources distributed throughout the neuronal membrane. We use a stochastic version of the linear one-dimensional cable equation to derive closed-form expressions for the second-order moments of the fluctuations of the membrane potential associated with different membrane current noise sources: thermal noise, noise due to the random opening and closing of sodium and potassium channels, and noise due to the presence of spontaneous synaptic input. We consider two different scenarios. In the signal estimation paradigm, the time course of the membrane potential at a location on the cable is used to reconstruct the detailed time course of a random, band-limited current injected some distance away. Estimation performance is characterized in terms of the coding fraction and the mutual information. In the signal detection paradigm, the membrane potential is used to determine whether a distant synaptic event occurred within a given observation interval. In the light of our analytical results, we speculate that the length of weakly active apical dendrites might be limited by the information loss due to the accumulated noise between distal synaptic input sites and the soma and that the presence of dendritic nonlinearities probably serves to increase dendritic information transfer.
Assessing Cross-Sector Stakeholder Perspectives on Oakland (CA)’s Juvenile Reentry System

We surveyed 75 staff and administrators involved in Oakland (CA)’s Second Chance Initiative from diverse agencies (e.g., probation, behavioral health, public health/medical, education, community-based service providers) to assess the local juvenile reentry system. Sharing and using data across partner agencies, mutual trust, opportunities for interagency collaboration, system-level youth and family engagement, shared governance, and limited resources repeatedly arose as areas for improvement. Many defined reentry success using positive youth developmental outcomes. Government and community perspectives around barriers and effectiveness often differed with some similarities.
Insecticidal Activity and Chemical Composition of the Morinda lucida Essential Oil against Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus maculatus

Insecticidal activity of essential oil extracted from Morinda lucida was tested on pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus, which is a pest that causes serious damage to several pulses. The insecticidal activity was compared with two pesticides, Phostoxin and Primo-ban-20. 120 mixed sex adult C. maculatus were introduced, along with 30 g of cowpeas. Four concentrations (0.40, 0.20, 0.10, and 0.05 μg/mL) of the M. lucida essential oil, Phostoxin, and Primo-ban-20 were tested. Essential oil chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS. M. lucida essential oil showed a high toxicological effect, producing 100% mortality after 72 hours at a dose of 0.20 μg/mL. M. lucida essential oil had a potent insecticidal activity (LC90 = 0.629 μg/mL) compared to both pesticides, Phostoxin (LC90 = 0.652 μg/mL) and Primo-ban-20 (LC90 = 0.726 μg/mL), at 24 h. The main compounds of the essential oil were the oxygenated monoterpenoids, 1,8-cineole (43.4%), and α-terpinyl acetate (14.5%), and the monoterpene hydrocarbons, mostly sabinene (8.2%) and β-pinene (4.0%). Results clearly indicate that M. lucida essential oil can be used as an effective alternative for pulse beetle C. maculatus control, and it could be tested against other pulse beetles affecting Asia and Africa and throughout the world, thereby reducing use of synthetic pesticides.
Semi-automatic Generation of Quizzes and Learning Ar- Tifacts from Linked Data Conference Item Semi-automatic Generation of Quizzes and Learning Artifacts from Linked Data

Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online's data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. ABSTRACT In this position paper, we illustrate how Linked Data can be effectively used in a Technology-enhanced Learning scenario. Specifically, we aim at using structured data to semi-automatically generate artifacts to support learning delivery and assessment: natural language facts, Q&A systems and quizzes, also used with a gaming flavour, can be creatively generated to help teachers and learners to support and improve the learning path. Moreover, those artifacts can in turn be published on the Web as Linked Data, thus directly contributing to make the Web a global data space also for learning purposes.
12 Factorial Models for Noise Robust Speech Recognition

Noise compensation techniques for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) attempt to improve system performance in the presence of acoustic interference. In feature-based noise compensation, which includes speech enhancement approaches, the acoustic features that are sent to the recognizer are first processed to remove the effects of noise (see Chapter 9). Model compensation approaches, in contrast, are concerned with modifying and even extending the acoustic model of speech to account for the effects of noise. A taxonomy of the different approaches to noise compensation is depicted in Figure 12.1, which serves as a road map for the present discussion. The two main strategies used for model compensation approaches are model adaptation and model-based noise compensation. Model adaptation approaches implicitly account for noise by adjusting the parameters of the acoustic model of speech, whereas model-based noise compensation approaches explicitly model the noise and its effect on the noisy speech features. Common adaptation approaches include maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR) [56], maximum a posteriori (MAP) adaptation [32], and their generalizations [17, 29, 47]. These approaches, which are discussed in Chapter 11, alter the speech acoustic model in a completely data-driven way given additional training data or test data. Adaptation methods are somewhat more general than model-based approaches in that they may handle effects on the signal that are difficult to explicitly model, such as nonlinear distortion and changes in the voice in reaction to noise (the Lombard effect [53]). However, in the presence of additive noise, failing to take take into account the known interactions between speech and noise can be detrimental to performance. Model-based noise compensation approaches, in contrast to adaptation approaches, explicitly model the different factors present in the acoustic environment: the speech, the various sources of acoustic interference, and how they interact to form the noisy speech
Grey Seals : Status and Monitoring in the Irish and Celtic Seas

F o r a s n a M a r a " to undertake, to coordinate , to promote and assist in marine research and development and to provide such services related to marine research and development that, in the opinion of the Institute, will promote economic development and create employment, and protect the marine environment ". The Maritime INTERREG Series was established to promote the dissemination of results of ongoing INTERREG funded research to the wider marine community. It is intended that the Series will stimulate discussion on the contribution of R & D to the development of the marine sector. Note: Responsibility for information presented and views expressed in the Series rest solely with the author and do not necessarily represent those of the Marine Institute. 1. p romote the creation and development of networks of cooperation across the common maritime bord e r. 2. assist the eligible border region of Wales and Ireland to overcome development problems which arise from its relative isolation within the European Union. These aims are to be achieved through the upgrading of major transport and other economic linkages in a way that will benefit the constituent populations and in a manner compatible with the protection and sustainability of the environment. The Maritime INTERREG area includes the coastlines of counties Meath, Dublin, Wi c k l o w, We x f o rd and Wa t e rf o rd on the Irish side and Gwynedd, Ceredigion, Pembro k e s h i re and Carm a rt h e n s h i re on the Welsh side and the sea area in between. In order to achieve its strategic objectives the programme is divided into two Are a s : S u b-P rogramme 1: Maritime Development: t r a n s p o rt, environment and related infrastru c t u re (59 mEuro) S u b-P rogramme 2: re s o u rce development (24.9 mEuro) The Marine and Coastal Environment Protection and Marine Emergency Planning Measure (1.3) has a total budget of 5.33 mEuro of which 3.395 mEuro is provided under the European Development Fund. EU aid rates a re 75% (Ireland) and 50% (Wa l e s). The specific aims of Sub-Programme 1.3 are : • to promote the transfer of information between the designated are a s. • to establish an in-depth profile of marine/coastal areas …
A Stateless Scheme for Single-Packet IP Traceback

On most denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, packets with spoofed source addresses are employed in order to disguise the true origin of the attacker. A defense strategy is to trace attack packets back to their actual source in order to make the attacker accountable and isolate him from the network. To date, the proposed traceback systems require either large amounts of storage space on router-connected devices or a sufficient number of received attack packets. We propose an IP traceback system capable of determining the source of every packet received by the victim without storing state in the network infrastructure. For practical purposes, a generalization of the Bloom-filter theory is developed and evaluated.
The Intuitive/sup TM/ telesurgery system: overview and application

The paper briefly describes daVinci/sup TM/, a surgical telerobot designed to provide enhanced dexterity to doctors performing minimally invasive surgical procedures. The rationale for a full 7-degree-of-freedom master-slave system is presented along with a discussion of the resulting computational architecture and recent clinical applications.
A comparative study of image super resolution approaches

High resolution images provide more clarity and information in many applications such as medical imaging, satellite imaging, industrial inspection, surveillance etc. Super resolution is the method of obtaining a high-resolution image from one or more low-resolution observations of a scene. Various approaches are proposed to improve the resolution of images using signal processing algorithms. In this paper, we have addressed the issue concerned to methods yielding improved quality of images. Many approaches have found their own methods of treating the low resolution images. We have explained different existing methods to produce high resolution images. We summarized the comparative study of existing methods that may be helpful for selection of appropriate method according to resources and applications.
A Literature Review on the Quantification of Software Change

A major characteristic of software engineering compared with other engineering disciplines, is our inability to get the product right first time around. Change is an intrinsic and essential part of software development, and for good reasons. It is difficult to specify what is required without having some form of model to help formalise the problem. The real-world problem, which the software exists to solve, is itself subject to change. And even if we know what to produce, the design, and development of these invisible, intangible, and complex software products is still inherently difficult. At the same time, software has become a critical competitive factor for many organisations. For instance, the development of software for aeroengine controllers can be critical to whole aeroengine developments. The ability to produce software of higher quality, for less cost, in shorter timescales is a matter of survival. Organisations must continually seek to improve the processes by which software is produced. But as these processes become more advanced, so the demand for increasingly complex applications appears to outpace them. This review surveys work from a number of different software research fields (including measurement, maintenance, estimation, and process improvement) that has, in some form, made a contribution to change measurement and management. The review ends with a summary of open problems in the modelling and quantification of software change. 1 This survey covers literature up until June 1996.
Experiments on QoS adaptation for improving end user speech perception over multi-hop wireless networks

Ad-hoc wireless networks cannot easily support multimedia applications because of the media high probability, burstiness and persistence of errors. Real-time constraints and multicast make the problem even more difficult. Therefore, in order to improve their performance over the existing best-effort networks, multimedia applications must adapt their operation to constantly changing network QoS. In this paper we propose a programming model that allows audio applications to adapt to changes in network QoS. In our scheme QoS information is continuously fed back from audio clients to the audio server, which uses this information to adapt the characteristics of an audio stream to fit the current network conditions. We have implemented an audio-on-demand application for the Windows NT platform that uses this model. We present experiments that confirm the usefulness of our adaptation mechanism for improving the packet loss and delay jitter characteristics of an audio channel in networks with unpredictable QoS behavior. In introducing an ultimate speech layer, we incorporate techniques such as captioning, speech recognition and speech synthesizing. When the QoS notification indicates, this minimal layer takes over to maintain an acceptable level of meaningful communication. Our experiments, both in a simulated and in a real multihop wireless testbed, show that our QoS mechanism improves the characteristics of the audio channel. End user perception can be greatly enhanced, and meaningful communication can be sustained even at most adverse network conditions by using our speech transcription scheme.
The Association Between Admission Magnesium Concentrations and Lactic Acidosis in Critical Illness

Introduction: Although magnesium plays an important role in aerobic metabolism and magnesium deficiency is a common phenomenon in critical illness, the association between magnesium deficiency and lactic acidosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) has not been defined. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted at a 77 ICU bed tertiary medical center. Data pertaining to the first unique admission of any ICU patient between 2001 and 2008 were extracted from the Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care database. Hypomagnesemia was defined as serum magnesium <1.6 mg/dL. Mild and severe lactic acidosis were defined as lactate concentrations of >2 and > 4 mmol/L, respectively. Multivariate modeling was used to explore the association between magnesium and lactate concentrations. Results: Of 8922 critically ill patients, 22.6% were hypomagnesemic. Hypomagnesemia was associated with an increased adjusted risk of mild lactic acidosis (odds ratio [OR] 1.71, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.51-1.94, P < .001) and severe lactic acidosis (OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.32-1.84, P < .001) than the reference quartile. The association between hypomagnesemia and mild lactic acidosis was stronger in those at risk of magnesium deficiency, including diabetics (OR 2.02, 95%CI 1.51-2.72, P < .001) and alcoholics (OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.16-3.19, P = .01). As an internal model control, hypokalemia was not associated with an increased risk of lactic acidosis. Conclusions: Magnesium deficiency is a common finding in patients admitted to the ICU and is associated with lactic acidosis. Our findings support the biologic role of magnesium in metabolism and raise the possibility that hypomagnesemia is a correctable risk factor for lactic acidosis in critical illness.