Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction CH4 Emissions from the Wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeastern China in the 21st Century

The Sanjiang Plain has been experienced significant wetland loss due to expanded agricultural activities, and will be potentially restored by the China National Wetland Conservation Action Plan (NWCP) in future. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of future climate warming and wetland restoration on wetland CH4 emissions in northeast China. We used an atmosphere-vegetation interaction model (AVIM2) to drive a modified biogeophysical model (CH4MODwetland), and projected CH4 flux variations from the Sanjiang Plain wetlands under different Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios throughout the 21st century. Model validation showed that the regressions between the observed and simulated CH4 fluxes by the modified model produced an R2 of 0.49 with a slope of 0.87 (p<0.001, n = 237). According to the AVIM2 simulation, the net primary productivity of the Sanjiang Plain wetlands will increase by 38.2 g m-2 yr-1, 116.6 g m-2 yr-1 and 250.4 g m-2 yr-1 under RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, respectively, by the end of this century. For RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, the CH4 fluxes will increase by 5.7 g m-2 yr-1, 57.5 g m-2 yr-1 and 112.2 g m-2 yr-1. Combined with the wetland restoration, the regional emissions will increase by 0.18‒1.52 Tg. The CH4 emissions will be stimulated by climate change and wetland restoration. Regional wetland restoration planning should be directed against different climate scenarios in order to suppress methane emissions.
The Caspase-1 Digestome Identifies the Glycolysis Pathway as a Target during Infection and Septic Shock*♦

Caspase-1 is an essential effector of inflammation, pyroptosis, and septic shock. Few caspase-1 substrates have been identified to date, and these substrates do not account for its wide range of actions. To understand the function of caspase-1, we initiated the systematic identification of its cellular substrates. Using the diagonal gel proteomic approach, we identified 41 proteins that are directly cleaved by caspase-1. Among these were chaperones, cytoskeletal and translation machinery proteins, and proteins involved in immunity. A series of unexpected proteins along the glycolysis pathway were also identified, including aldolase, triose-phosphate isomerase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, α-enolase, and pyruvate kinase. With the exception of the latter, the identified glycolysis enzymes were specifically cleaved in vitro by recombinant caspase-1, but not caspase-3. The enzymatic activity of wild-type glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, but not a non-cleavable mutant, was dampened by caspase-1 processing. In vivo, stimuli that fully activated caspase-1, including Salmonella typhimurium infection and septic shock, caused a pronounced processing of these proteins in the macrophage and diaphragm muscle, respectively. Notably, these stimuli inhibited glycolysis in wild-type cells compared with caspase-1-deficient cells. The systematic characterization of caspase-1 substrates identifies the glycolysis pathway as a caspase-1 target and provides new insights into its function during pyroptosis and septic shock.
Assessing the Possibility of Leadership Education as Psychosocial-Based Problem Behavior Prevention for Adolescents: A Review of the Literature.

The purpose of this review is to examine theoretical connections between adolescent leadership education and problem behavior prevention. Both the problem behavior prevention literature and the leadership education literature were reviewed for studies pertaining to the development of psychosocial traits. In the leadership education literature this research focused on the development of leadership potential, as this was considered most closely linked with leadership education for adolescents as opposed to leadership education focused on honing skills in established leaders. Because the purpose of this review was to determine if a theoretical connection exists between two previously unconnected fields of literature, a thorough literature review was conducted as opposed to a systematic review because it was deemed too cumbersome. Instead, salient studies from both fields were examined for their applicability to the other field and the analysis as a whole. The research found significant overlap in psychosocial protective factors for problem behaviors and the psychosocial traits developed through leadership education. This paper includes a review and synthesis of the two literatures, as well as direct comparisons between them. Given that a theoretical connection between leadership education and problem behavior prevention seems to exist, the author recommends empirical research to determine if leadership education is an effective and efficient vehicle for problem behavior prevention. The paper will conclude with recommendations for leadership education practitioners, as well as other key stakeholders.
3D Scene Grammar for Parsing RGB-D Pointclouds

We pose 3D scene-understanding as a problem of parsing in a grammar. A grammar helps us capture the compositional structure of real-word objects, e.g., a chair is composed of a seat, a back-rest and some legs. Having multiple rules for an object helps us capture structural variations in objects, e.g., a chair can optionally also have arm-rests. Finally, having rules to capture composition at different levels helps us formulate the entire scene-processing pipeline as a single problem of finding most likely parse-tree---small segments combine to form parts of objects, parts to objects and objects to a scene. We attach a generative probability model to our grammar by having a feature-dependent probability function for every rule. We evaluated it by extracting labels for every segment and comparing the results with the state-of-the-art segment-labeling algorithm. Our algorithm was outperformed by the state-or-the-art method. But, Our model can be trained very efficiently (within seconds), and it scales only linearly in with the number of rules in the grammar. Also, we think that this is an important problem for the 3D vision community. So, we are releasing our dataset and related code.
Implication of the Mosquito Midgut Microbiota in the Defense against Malaria Parasites

Malaria-transmitting mosquitoes are continuously exposed to microbes, including their midgut microbiota. This naturally acquired microbial flora can modulate the mosquito's vectorial capacity by inhibiting the development of Plasmodium and other human pathogens through an unknown mechanism. We have undertaken a comprehensive functional genomic approach to elucidate the molecular interplay between the bacterial co-infection and the development of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in its natural vector Anopheles gambiae. Global transcription profiling of septic and aseptic mosquitoes identified a significant subset of immune genes that were mostly up-regulated by the mosquito's microbial flora, including several anti-Plasmodium factors. Microbe-free aseptic mosquitoes displayed an increased susceptibility to Plasmodium infection while co-feeding mosquitoes with bacteria and P. falciparum gametocytes resulted in lower than normal infection levels. Infection analyses suggest the bacteria-mediated anti-Plasmodium effect is mediated by the mosquitoes' antimicrobial immune responses, plausibly through activation of basal immunity. We show that the microbiota can modulate the anti-Plasmodium effects of some immune genes. In sum, the microbiota plays an essential role in modulating the mosquito's capacity to sustain Plasmodium infection.
Leraren in een nieuwe klas: de eerste maanden van een nieuw schooljaar

De docent-klasrelatie is belangrijk voor de leerprestaties van leerlingen en het plezier waarmee leerlingen het onderwijs in een vak volgen. Er is weinig bekend over hoe de docent-klasrelatie zich ontwikkelt, wanneer een docent start met een nieuwe klas. In een tijdreeksstudie met 48 docent-klascombinaties is nagegaan hoe de invloed die een docent in een klas heeft en de emotionele afstand tussen docent en leerlingen zich ontwikkelen in de periode van de start van het schooljaar tot de kerstvakantie. Uit de resultaten blijkt dat de leerlingenperceptie van de invloed en nabijheid in de docent-klasrelatie gedurende deze tijd blijven dalen. De ontwikkeling van de relatie verschilt per klas en kan bij de invloeddimensie deels verklaard worden door het leerjaar en bij de nabijheid aan het begin van het schooljaar. Naarmate het leerjaar hoger is en leerlingen aan het begin van het schooljaar meer afstand tot de docent ervaren, is de verslechtering van de relatie tussen docent en klas sterker. Bij sommige leraren die bij aanvang van het schooljaar relatief dicht bij hun leerlingen staan is echter sprake van een verbetering van de relatie.
Bacteriophage Therapy Rescues Mice Bacteremic from a Clinical Isolate of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium

ABSTRACT Colonization of the gastrointestinal tract with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) has become endemic in many hospitals and nursing homes in the United States. Such colonization predisposes the individual to VRE bacteremia and/or endocarditis, and immunocompromised patients are at particular risk for these conditions. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains requires the exploration of alternative antibacterial therapies, which led our group to study the ability of bacterial viruses (bacteriophages, or phages) to rescue mice with VRE bacteremia. The phage strain used in this study has lytic activity against a wide range of clinical isolates of VRE. One of these VRE strains was used to induce bacteremia in mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 109 CFU. The resulting bacteremia was fatal within 48 h. A single i.p. injection of 3 × 108 PFU of the phage strain, administered 45 min after the bacterial challenge, was sufficient to rescue 100% of the animals. Even when treatment was delayed to the point where all animals were moribund, approximately 50% of them were rescued by a single injection of this phage preparation. The ability of this phage to rescue bacteremic mice was demonstrated to be due to the functional capabilities of the phage and not to a nonspecific immune effect. The rescue of bacteremic mice could be effected only by phage strains able to grow in vitro on the bacterial host used to infect the animals, and when such strains are heat inactivated they lose their ability to rescue the infected mice.
Automatic learning of attack behavior patterns using Bayesian networks

A tremendous number of low-level alerts reported by information security systems makes it challenging for security administrators to do an effective analysis and initiate a timely response. Alert correlation techniques have been proposed to reduce the number of alerts and provide a succinct and high-level view of attacks. Most of the existing approaches rely on a priori and hard-coded domain knowledge that leads to their difficult implementation and limited capabilities of detecting new attack strategies. To address the drawbacks of these approaches, the recent trend of research in this area has gone towards extracting attack strategies through automatic analysis of intrusion alerts. In this paper, we present new algorithms to mine attack behavior patterns from a large number of intrusion alerts without specific prior knowledge about attacks. Unlike expert knowledge-based methods, our proposed scheme automatically generates correlation rules from the previously observed alerts using a Bayesian causality mechanism. The attack activity patterns learned by this way can help us to correlate alerts, reconstruct attack scenarios and predict possible forthcoming attacks in a real-time system. Our experimental results clearly show efficiency of the proposed method in learning new attack strategies.
Entrepreneurship Research on Intuition: A Critical Analysis and Research Agenda

Intuition is a way of processing information that is largely unconscious, associative, fast and contextually dependent. As part of the growing cognition-oriented research agenda in the entrepreneurship field, the specific cognitive construct of intuition has attracted relatively little attention. The authors find this position surprising, particularly since some entrepreneurship scholars have described intuition as the seed of entrepreneurial activity. This review examines the small but rapidly growing literature at the intersection of intuition and entrepreneurship. In critically analysing this body of work, the authors reveal a number of areas that warrant further attention if scholars wish to enhance academic understanding of the role of intuition in the entrepreneurial process. From this review, the authors develop an agenda to help guide scholars of entrepreneurial cognition with a specific interest in intuition in their future research. In doing so, they address a gap in the entrepreneurial cognition literature, which currently lacks a clear view of the value of entrepreneurship research on intuition and of how it should be conducted.
A Novel Edge Detection Algorithm Based on Texture Feature Coding

Abstract A new edge detection technique based on the texture feature coding method (TFCM) is proposed. The TFCM is a texture analysis scheme that is generally used in texture-based image segmentation and classification applications. The TFCM transforms an input image into a texture feature image whose pixel values represent the texture information of the pixel in the original image. Then, on the basis of the transformed image, several features are calculated as texture descriptors. In this article, the TFCM is employed differently to construct an edge detector. In particular, the texture feature number (TFN) of the TFCM is considered. In other words, the TFN image is used for subsequent processes. After obtaining the TFN image, a simple thresholding scheme is employed for obtaining the coarse edge image. Finally, an edge-thinning procedure is used to obtain the tuned edges. We conducted several experiments on a variety of images and compared the results with the popular existing methods such as the Sobel, Prewitt, Canny, and Canny–Deriche edge detectors. The obtained results were evaluated quantitatively with the Figure of Merit criterion. The experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method improved the edge detection performance greatly. We further implemented the proposed edge detector with a hardware system. To this end, a field programmable gate array chip was used. The related simulations were carried out with the MATLAB Simulink tool. Both software and hardware implementations demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed edge detector.
Tradicionalismo de los roles maternales y la relevancia del trabajo

Esta investigacion tiene como objetivo el analisis del grado de tradicionalismo respecto a los roles familiares y la actitud hacia el trabajo, asi como el lugar que ocupa este en la vida de las mujeres y su relacion con otros roles vitales. Con ello corroboramos una serie de trabajos que demostraron el nivel de gratificacion del trabajo asalariado en la vida de la mujer a pesar de que las condiciones sociolaborales no fuesen muy adecuadas (Baruch y Barnett, 1986). Dicha satisfaccion estaria en funcion de la posible compatibilidad con los roles familiares. En el estudio participaron 215 mujeres con empleo en el sector servicios. Los resultados muestran que las mujeres no son especialmente tradicionales en la percepcion de sus roles. Las expectativas de mayor satisfaccion son los hijos y la pareja, mientras que el trabajo domestico es el que menor grado de satisfaccion produce, siendo las mujeres con mayor nivel de estudios las que expresan un mayor grado por su trabajo. Aquellas que trabajan en el sector educativo y sanitario conceden mayor importancia a su trabajo que el grupo del sector administrativo.
A Fast Compressive Channel Estimation with Modified Smoothed L0 Algorithm

Broadband wireless channel is a time dispersive and becomes strongly frequency selective. In most cases, the channel is composed of a few dominant coefficients and a large part of coefficients is approximately zero or zero. To exploit the sparsity of multi-path channel (MPC), there are various methods have been proposed. They are, namely, greedy algorithms, iterative algorithms, and convex program. The former two algorithms are easy to be implemented but not stable; on the other hand, the last method is stable but difficult to be implemented as practical channel estimation problems because of computational complexity. In this paper, we proposed a novel channel estimation strategy by using modified smoothed (MSL0) algorithm which combines stable and low complexity. Computer simulations confirm the effectiveness of the introduced algorithm comparisons with the existing methods. We also give
A Novel Web Service Composition and Web Service Discovery based on Map Reduce Algorithm

The paper focuses on the web service composition and web service discovery based MapReduce algorithm, which is the one of the component of the big data problem resolver tool Hadoop. Many of the IT companies are currently in the journey to Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) with web service as the standard protocol for implementation. The overwhelming popularity of web service has made a huge impact on web service repository, because of which managing it using traditional UDDI platforms has become difficult. Integrating Hadoop ecosystem with web services can provide higher QoS to the user request for web services. Web service composition and Web service discovery plays a crucial role in the management of web service. Web service discovery involves locating or finding the exact individual web services from the service registry and retrieving previously published description for new web application. Web service composition is technique to combine simple web service to satisfy the user requirement. An efficient MapReduce algorithm can help in providing better management of web services
Nucleotide sequence of an A-type legumin gene from pea.

The A-subfamily of legumin genes encodes the predominant 11Sclass of seed storage proteins in pea (Pisum sativum L.). We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of one such gene (Leg A2) located on a 4.2 kb EcoRl fragment and encoding a mature subunit with a deduced molecular weight of 56,929 Daltons. The coding region spans 1,825 bp (including three short introns) and exhibits a high degree of identity to Leg A (1), but diverges from this gene in both the immediate 5'and 3'-flanking regions. Nucleotide positions are numbered relative to the proposed cap-site (+1). Potential regulatory sequences are underlined and include the TATA ( -26 to -32) and the 'legumin' (—100 to —130) boxes in the 5' region and overlapping polyadenylation signals (+1969, +1973) in the 3' region. The proposed signal peptide is delineated by bold-face type preceding the processing site (| |). The post-translational processing site between Asn and Gly residues is also indicated.
On Measurement of Efficiency of Cobb-Douglas Production Function with Additive and Multiplicative Errors

In developing counties, efficiency of economic development has determined by the analysis of industrial production. An examination of the characteristic of industrial sector is an essential aspect of growth studies. The most of the developed countries are highly industrialized as they brief "The more industrialization, the more development". For proper industrialization and industrial development we have to study industrial input-output relationship that leads to production analysis. For a number of reasons econometrician's belief that industrial production is the most important component of economic development because, if domestic industrial production increases, GDP will increase, if elasticity of labor is higher, implement rates will increase and investment will increase if elasticity of capital is higher. In this regard, this paper choose and estimate the parameters of Cobb-Douglas function with additive errors and multiplicative errors for some selected manufacturing industries of Bangladesh over the period 1978-79 to 2011-2012, which should be helpful in suggesting the most suitable Cobb-Douglas production function to forecast the production process for some selected manufacturing industries of developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper also investigates the efficiency of both capital and labor elasticity of the two mentioned form of Cobb-Douglas production function. The estimated results shows that the estimates of both capital and labor elasticity of Cobb-Douglas production function with additive errors are more efficient than those estimates of Cobb-Douglas production function with multiplicative errors.
It's harder for boys? Children's representations of their HIV/AIDS-affected peers in Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT This study examines whether children in rural Zimbabwe have differing representations of their HIV/AIDS-affected peers based on the gender of those peers. A group of 128 children (58 boys, 70 girls) aged 10–14 participated in a draw-and-write exercise, in which they were asked to tell the story of either an HIV/AIDS-affected girl child, or an HIV/AIDS-affected boy child. Stories were inductively thematically coded, and then a post hoc statistical analysis was conducted to see if there were differences in the themes that emerged in stories about girls versus stories about boys. The results showed that boys were more often depicted as materially deprived, without adult and teacher support, and heavily burdened with household duties. Further research is needed to determine whether the perceptions of the children in this study point to a series of overlooked challenges facing HIV/AIDS-affected boys, or to a culture of gender inequality facing HIV/AIDS-affected girls – which pays more attention to male suffering than to female suffering.
Air-core inductive current sensor for fast transients measurements in distribution networks

Observation of fast transients in power networks can provide some of the most valuable information. The transients from partial discharge can provide the information about the power line insulation state; fault-produced fast transients can also provide information about the fault or problematic section location. For measurement of fast transients, there would also need to be a very fast sensor, as the pulsed measurements could require the bandwidth range reaching in the tens of MHz range. In this paper, a sensor for fast transients measurements is presented and tested. While very simple, this sensor can offer very good performance while being inexpensive and robust. The results of performance verification measurements show very good results when testing with high-frequency pulse source, presenting the potential of such sensor.