Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facilitating emotional coping during treatment

Patient resources for coping with breast cancer can be enhanced by attention to cognitive, affective, psychosomatic, and social components of the illness. The diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer constitutes an immediate confrontation with mortality, and sympathetic but direct examination of the patient's vulnerability and means of coping with it will reduce rather than amplify death anxiety. The development and pursuit of realistic goals influenced by the prognosis can help patients adjust constructively. Extremes of emotion are to be expected at times, but persistent depression and/or anxiety should be vigorously treated, including the use of appropriate psychoactive medication when the symptoms are primarily somatic (e.g., sleep disturbance and reductions in energy). Physical symptoms such as pain, nausea, and vomiting can be controlled by teaching patients such techniques as self‐hypnosis, biofeedback, and systemic desensitization. Finally, a feeling of social isolation is the rule, not the exception, with cancer patients. Group and family treatment can effectively counter this. Systematic studies of such treatment interventions have shown favorable results, including significant reductions in mood disturbance and pain. Cancer 66:1422‐1426, 1990.
Impact of Ohmic-Assisted Decoction on Bioactive Components Extracted from Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp.) Leaves: Comparison with Conventional Decoction

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp.) leaves are a potentially rich source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. In this study, the effect of the extraction method (ohmic-assisted decoction (OH-DE) and decoction (DE)), yacon cultivar (red and white), and leaf age (young and old) on the quality/quantity of extracted phytochemicals were investigated. Extraction yield, energy consumption, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were determined. Additionally, HPLC-DAD was used to identify the major individual phenolic and flavonoid compounds of yacon leaves. The results showed that a three-way interaction of process-variables (extraction method×yacon cultivar×age of leaves) influenced the extraction yield, TPC, TFC, ABTS, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP, significantly (p < 0.05). However, energy consumption of the extraction process was only affected by method of extraction (p < 0.05) and was halved when OH-DE was applied as compared to DE alone. Additionally, the phytochemical quality of extracts was either improved or comparable when OH-DE was used for extraction. Also, it was shown that yacon leaves contained considerable amounts of caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferrulic acid, myricetin, p-coumaric acid, and rutin, while leaves of the red cultivar had higher contents of each compound compared to leaves of the white cultivar.
The nature, causes and consequences of financial analysts' forecasts in the UK

This thesis consists of three empirical chapters that investigate the nature, reasons and consequences of financial analysts’ forecasts in London Stock Exchange. The first empirical chapter examines the rationality and accuracy of financial analysts’ forecasts. Results show that analyst forecasts are overall optimistic, but not as extreme as the literature suggests. However, analysts seem to converge to a more rational position the closer they get to the announcement date. Despite no evidence of relationship is found between forecast error and prior year change in earnings per share, analysts are believed to be systematically revising their forecasts downwards as the time approaches the earnings’ announcement date. The second empirical chapter attempts to study the factors that contribute to the forecast error and in particular earnings management. Results show that earnings management positively affects the magnitude of the forecast error, that is, when earnings are manipulated the forecast error appears to be bigger. However, this positive impact appears to be driven by accruals earnings management and not by real earnings management. Moreover, forecasts seem to be more optimistic for companies that manage their earnings downwards through accruals. These findings reveal that analysts may not be as biased as the literature claim, instead, they are probably victims of earnings management. The third empirical chapter examines whether financial analysts’ forecast is a major component of market sentiment and tests how this contribution can affect cross sectional returns. Results confirm that analysts releasing higher than average earnings per share forecasts lead to higher sentiment levels. Inconsistent with previous literature, short term stock returns are significantly positively affected by sentiment levels, but growth stocks appear to be more sensitive to shifts in sentiment than value stocks.
A Universal Platform for Ubiquitous Wireless Communications Using Radio Over FSO System

In this paper, we present the design concept and performance evaluation results of a newly developed DWDM Radio over Free-Space Optics (RoFSO) system capable of transmitting multiple wireless service signals simultaneously. The system performance is evaluated over 1-km free-space transmission under effects of atmospheric turbulence and attenuation. Effectiveness of a proposed tracking scheme used to mitigate beam angle-of-arrival (AOA) effect and the viability of the communication system using a specially designed optical antenna are illustrated. The properties of free-space propagation under influences of atmospheric turbulence and attenuation are characterized. We then present the performance of wireless signals after being transmitted over the system. We verify that the system can provide a stable connection for wireless services especially with the absence of strong atmospheric turbulence and heavy rain. Finally, we present a consideration on the system application by indicating the possible applicable link range based on the system designed power margin and the tracking system efficiency. The proposed system is expected to be an alternative or be combined with wireless over fiber (WoF) to realize a universal platform for ubiquitous and high throughput wireless communications.
Detection of C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T polymorphism of MDR1 by amplification refractory mutation system PCR

C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T polymorphism of the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene have substantial impact on expression or activity of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp). We developed new methods based on amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) to detect these polymorphisms. Tetra‐primers amplification in a single tube was established to detect C1236T and C3435T polymorphism. For G2677T/A polymorphism, a two‐step allele‐specific amplification method was used. MDR1 genotypes of 177 Chinese subjects were determined by the methods we established. The methods we established were verified with gene sequencing. Gene frequencies of 1236C and 1236T were 37.8 and 62.2%, respectively; gene frequencies of 2677G, 2677T and 2677A were 44.1, 38.4 and 17.5%, respectively; the gene frequencies of 3435C and 3435T were 65.0 and 35.0%, respectively. The results were similar with other studies on Oriental subjects. The methods we established are simple, accurate, and economical, and can provide reliable approaches for determining MDR1 polymorphism. J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 23:110–116, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inability of Kaplan radiation leukemia virus to replicate on mouse fibroblasts is conferred by its long terminal repeat

The molecularly cloned infectious Kaplan radiation leukemia virus has previously been shown to be unable to replicate on mouse fibroblasts (E. Rassart, M. Shang, Y. Boie, and P. Jolicoeur, J. Virol. 58:96-106, 1986). To map the viral sequences responsible for this, we constructed chimeric viral DNA genomes in vitro with parental cloned infectious viral DNAs from the nonfibrotropic (F-) BL/VL3 V-13 radiation leukemia virus and the fibrotropic (F+) endogenous BALB/c or Moloney murine leukemia viruses (MuLV). Infectious chimeric MuLVs, recovered after transfection of Ti-6 lymphocytes with these recombinant DNAs, were tested for capacity to replicate on mouse fibroblasts in vitro. We found that chimeric MuLVs harboring the long terminal repeat (LTR) of a fibrotropic MuLV replicated well on mouse fibroblasts. Conversely, chimeric MuLVs harboring the LTR of a nonfibrotropic MuLV were restricted on mouse fibroblasts. These results indicate that the LTR of BL/VL3 radiation leukemia virus harbors the primary determinant responsible for its inability to replicate on mouse fibroblasts in vitro. Our results also show that the primary determinant allowing F+ MuLVs (endogenous BALB/c and Moloney MuLVs) to replicate on mouse fibroblasts in vitro resides within the LTR.
Cross-Cultural Reliability and Validity of a Scale to Measure International Entrepreneurial Capability in Emerging Markets

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to validate a measurement scale of international entrepreneurial capability (IEC) across cultures. Firm-level survey data from exporting firms was collected from China and South Korea to evaluate the cross-cultural invariance of the scale of IEC. The configural, metric, variance, and covariance invariance of an existing IEC scale across Chinese and South Korean samples of export firms suggest that firms in emerging markets with different cultures and with different characteristics can use the IEC scale to evaluate relationships between IEC and various outcomes.
Effect of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage, lemon tea, or water on rehydration during short-term recovery from exercise.

PURPOSE This study examined the rehydration achieved by drinking different beverages during a short-term recovery period (REC) after exercise-induced dehydration. METHODS Thirteen well-trained men (age 22.1 ± 3.3 yr, body mass 61.2 ± 9.1 kg, VO(2max) 64.9 ± 4.0 ml · kg-1 · min-1, maximum heart rate 198 ± 7 beats/min) ran for 60 min on 3 occasions on a level treadmill at 70% VO(2max). All trials were performed in thermoneutral conditions (21 °C, 71% relative humidity) and were separated by at least 7 d. During 4 hr REC, the subjects consumed either a volume of a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage (CE), lemon tea (LT), or distilled water (DW) equal to 150% of the body weight (BW) lost during the previous run. The fluid was consumed in 6 equal volumes at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 min of REC. RESULTS After the completion of the 60-min run, the subjects lost ~2.0% of their preexercise BW in all trials, and no differences were observed in these BW changes between trials. At the end of REC, the greatest fraction of the retained drink occurred when the CE drink was consumed (CE vs. LT vs. DW: 52% ± 18% vs. 36% ± 15% vs. 30% ± 14%, p < .05). The CE drink also caused the least diuretic effect (CE vs. LT vs. DW: 638 ± 259 vs. 921 ± 323 vs. 915 ± 210 ml, p < .05) and produced the optimal restoration of plasma volume (CE vs. LT vs. DW: 11.2% ± 2.0% vs. -3.1% ± 1.8% vs. 0.2% ± 2.1%, p < .05). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that CE drinks are more effective than DW or LT in restoring fluid balance during short-term REC after exercise-induced dehydration.
Source code quality classification based on software metrics

Nowadays the software development speed is raising constantly. Therefore software development companies need a tool for checking source code quality to increase software maintainability and decreasing the number of errors in it. Moreover the systems of automated programming require the similar tool as well. As a result we have started developing a library for LLVM compiler which can evaluate source code quality at compile time and a programmer could receive information about source code quality and values of software metrics which are used for evaluating quality. In automated programming systems our library will be useful as well as a part of feedback step for increasing quality of generated source code.
Women, men and creativity in higher education sector – comparative studies of leading EU and ECE countries

The focus in the article is on creativity in the higher education sector in terms of gender perspective. The question posed concerns the relation between women’s and men’s patent activities and R&D expenditures. The paper is based on the data from the European Patent Office, 1999-2013 concerning creative activities performed by women and men in the higher education sector. The paper looks into the dynamics of changes in terms of the number of women and men researchers, R&D personnel and inventors, and combines them with the changes in R&D expenditures in the higher education sector. The analysis is conducted for the two groups of leading EU countries in the light of their patent activities. The objective of this exercise is to present the correlation between R&D expenditures and women and men in the R&D sectors, comparing these two groups of the EU countries.
Determinants of consumers’ purchase behaviour towards green brands

ABSTRACT This study applies perceived risk theory to explore the factors that influence consumers’ purchase behaviour towards green brands, including green perceived quality, green perceived value, green perceived risk, information costs saved, and purchase intentions towards green brands. This study focuses on consumers who have the experience of purchasing products from green brands in the food and restaurant service industry in Taiwan. The results of this study show that purchase intentions are positively associated with purchase behaviour. Moreover, the study demonstrates that purchase intentions mediate the impacts of green perceived quality, green perceived value, information costs saved, and green perceived risk on purchase behaviour. Specifically, green perceived risk is negatively influenced by green perceived value and information costs saved and functions as a mediator among green perceived value, information costs saved, and purchase intentions. The study has critical implications for green brand researchers and practitioners.
Flow-maximizing equilibria of the Cell Transmission Model

We consider the freeway ramp metering problem, based on the Cell Transmission Model and address the question of how well decentralized control strategies, e.g. local feedback controllers at every onramp, can maximize the traffic flow asymptotically under time-invariant boundary conditions. We extend previous results on the structure of steady-state solutions of the Cell Transmission Model and use them to optimize over the set of equilibria. By using duality arguments, we derive optimality conditions and show that closed-loop equilibria of certain decentralized feedback controllers, in particular the practically successful “ALINEA” method, are in fact globally optimal.
Modifications of the National Early Warning Score for patients with chronic respiratory disease

The National Early Warning Score (NEWS) uses physiological variables to detect deterioration in hospitalized patients. However, patients with chronic respiratory disease may have abnormal variables not requiring interventions. We studied how the Capital Region of Denmark NEWS Override System (CROS), the Chronic Respiratory Early Warning Score (CREWS) and the Salford NEWS (S‐NEWS) affected NEWS total scores and NEWS performance.
Plasticity of the Adult Avian Song Control System

Abstract: There is extensive plasticity of the song behavior of birds and the neuroendocrine circuit that regulates this behavior in adulthood. One of the most pronounced examples of plasticity, found in every species of seasonally breeding bird examined, is the occurrence of large seasonal changes in the size of song control nuclei and in their cellular attributes. This seasonal plasticity of the song circuits is primarily regulated by changes in the secretion and metabolism of gonadal testosterone (T). Both androgenic and estrogenic sex steroids contribute to seasonal growth of the song system. These steroids act directly on the forebrain song nucleus HVC, which then stimulates growth of its efferent target nuclei transsynaptically. Seasonal growth and regression of the song circuits occur rapidly and sequentially following changes in circulating T and its metabolites. As the neural song circuits change across seasons, there are changes in different aspects of song behavior, including the structural stereotypy of songs, their duration, and the rate of production. The burden of evidence supports a model in which changes in song behavior are a consequence rather than a cause of the changes in the song circuits of the brain. Seasonal plasticity of the song system may have evolved as an adaptation to reduce the energetic demands imposed by these regions of the brain outside the breeding season, when the use of song for mate attraction and territorial defense is reduced or absent. The synaptic plasticity that accompanies seasonal changes in the song system may have acted as a preadaptation that enabled the evolution of adult song learning in some species of birds.
A Renewed Assault on an Old and Deadly Foe

After languishing for decades in the scientific backwaters, malaria research is suddenly being swept into the mainstream. Money is beginning to pour in from international finance and aid organizations, giving researchers who have been doggedly pursuing an intractable foe with limited resources the means to follow new leads. But on the ground, the disease is unyielding, and the current weapons are losing their effectiveness. In a series of related stories, Science explores the World Health Organization's crusade that aims to cut malaria mortality in half over the next 10 years, conditions on the front lines of clinical research in Africa, the challenges that have slowed development of a so-far elusive vaccine, renewed interest in a Chinese herbal remedy that could aid in the fight against drug-resistant malaria, progress in attacking the Plasmodium parasite through its genome, and the dream of building a malaria-proof mosquito.
Early Warning Systems with Real-Time Data

This paper investigates the performance of early warning systems in real-time, using forecasts of indicators that were available at the moment predictions are to be made. The study analyzes currency crises in eight Latin American and Central and Eastern European countries, distinguishing an estimation period 1990-2009 and a prediction period 2010-2014. We apply two varieties of early warning systems: the signal approach and the logit models. For both methods we find that using forecasts of the indicators worsens the predictive ability of early warning systems compared to using the most recently available information (ex post).
Parametric modeling and optimal experimental designs for estimating isobolograms for drug interactions in toxicology

ABSTRACT In toxicology and related areas, interaction effects between two substances are commonly expressed through a combination index evaluated separately at different effect levels and mixture ratios. Often, these indices are combined into a graphical representation, the isobologram. Instead of estimating the combination indices at the experimental mixture ratios only, we propose a simple parametric model for estimating the underlying interaction function. We integrate this approach into a joint model where both the parameters of the dose-response functions of the singular substances and the interaction parameters can be estimated simultaneously. As an additional benefit, this concept allows to determine optimal statistical designs for combination studies optimizing the estimation of the interaction function as a whole. From an optimal design perspective, finding the interaction parameters generally corresponds to a -optimality resp. -optimality design problem, while estimation of all underlying dose response parameters corresponds to a -optimality design problem. We show how optimal designs can be obtained in either case as well as how combination designs providing reasonable performance in regard to both criteria can be determined by putting a constraint on the efficiency in regard to one of the criteria and optimizing for the other. As all designs require prior information about model parameter values, which may be unreliable in practice, the effect of misspecifications is investigated as well.
From hell to heaven? Evidence of migration trajectories from an Italian refugee centre

BACKGROUND In recent years, large numbers of migrants have attempted to reach Europe by crossing the Mediterranean Sea. Italy plays a central role as a receiving country, particularly because of its relative proximity to the coast of North Africa. OBJECTIVE This paper investigates the trajectories of migrants from their entry into a refugee centre to their departure, with evidence on the timing of the departure decision. METHODS Using 2008–2014 data from a reception centre for refugees and asylum seekers located in Calabria (Italy), we use survival analysis tools to explore the timing and reasons for departure from the centre. RESULTS We find large variation in migrant inflows, with peaks associated with political crises and wars in certain countries. There are substantial differences in outflows between groups of countries, in both the timing and reasons for departure. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a better understanding of migrants’ trajectories from a reception centre in Italy. They show that a huge number of migrants leave the centre voluntarily. CONTRIBUTION Overall, our study contributes to knowledge of displaced migrants, providing detailed empirical evidence on migrants’ trajectories. 1 Corresponding author. Department of Economics, Statistics and Finance “Giovanni Anania,” University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy. Email: manuela.stranges@unical.it. 2 LEMNA, Université de Nantes, France and INED, Paris, France. Email: francois.wolff@univ-nantes.fr. Stranges & Wolff: From hell to heaven? Evidence of migration trajectories from an Italian refugee centre 964 http://www.demographic-research.org
The development of preservice middle school teachers' conceptions of proof during a geometry course for teachers

at this point in the semester. When I asked him if there was a way that we could prove it for all, he said he was not sure and mentioned the need to make assumptions. Eventually he said Well, like she said in class like some of the things you have to like assume. I guess I would after doing it like multiple times I would just assume that it works for all of them. So if I like try like extreme different triangles and it worked every time, I would just assume. I guess assumptions come in I guess so. (Interview 1, Lines 277–281) As mentioned above, Andy’s newly learned knowledge about assumptions or accepting some things as givens was interfering with what he thought about proofs. In other words, at a point
Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment from Spontaneous Speech by Correlation-Based Phonetic Feature Selection

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), sometimes regarded as a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease, is a mental disorder that is difficult to diagnose. Recent studies reported that MCI causes slight changes in the speech of the patient. Our previous studies showed that MCI can be efficiently classified by machine learning methods such as Support-Vector Machines and Random Forest, using features describing the amount of pause in the spontaneous speech of the subject. Furthermore, as hesitation is the most important indicator of MCI, we took special care when handling filled pauses, which usually correspond to hesitation. In contrast to our previous studies which employed manually constructed feature sets, we now employ (automatic) correlation-based feature selection methods to find the relevant feature subset for MCI classification. By analyzing the selected feature subsets we also show that features related to filled pauses are useful for MCI detection from speech samples.