Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the Teneral Adult Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) : Time to Initiate and Completely Bore Out of Maple Wood

ABSTRACT Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) is an introduced invasive pest with the potential to devastate hardwood forests in North America. Using artificial pupal chambers, we documented the time required by teneral adults at three temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C), 60–80% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h to initiate boring after eclosion and subsequently bore completely through a 7-mm (range, 3–11 mm) layer of Norway maple wood (Acer platanoides L.). In total, 218 laboratory-reared pupae from the Chicago, IL, or Inner Mongolia, China, populations were used in the study. Females (1.54 ± 0.03 g) weighed significantly more than males (1.12 ± 0.03 g), but the average weights of the beetles emerging in each temperature did not differ. Adult weight was positively correlated with exit hole diameter (diameter [mm] = 2.2 * weight [g] + 7.9). The rate at which beetles bored through the wood (136, 178, and 168 mm3/d at 20, 25 and 30°C, respectively) significantly differed between temperatures but did not differ with beetle weight. Temperature had a significant effect on the time it took adults to initiate boring (7, 5, and 4 d at 20, 25, and 30°C, respectively) and subsequently to complete boring to emerge (5, 4, and 4 d at 20, 25, and 30°C, respectively). This suggests that beetles require more than a week to progress from eclosion to emergence in wood, even at summer temperatures. This information on A. glabripennis basic biology is critical for developing phenology models that are used to time exclusion and eradication methodologies.
Monetary and fiscal policy interactions: national and international empirical evidence

This thesis is comprised of six Chapters on US Conventional and Unconventional Monetary Policy and their interaction with fiscal policy, both domestically and internationally. Chapter 1 introduces the main themes of the thesis. Chapter 2 studies the theoretical background of the thesis. After setting out key themes and the theoretical background in the introductory Chapters, the first core Chapter, i.e. thesis Chapter 3, examines the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy. Price puzzles are a repeated feature of empirical VAR models studying the effect of monetary policy. These price puzzles are often believed to appear due to the lack of information. However, we show that whether monetary and fiscal policy are active or passive influences the appearance of the price puzzle. This is because an active fiscal policy and a passive monetary policy can encourage private expenditure through a positive wealth channel. An active fiscal policy means fiscal authorities set expenditure regardless of tax revenues, while a passive monetary policy refers to a weak response of the policy interest rate to inflation. Finally, we find evidence in this Chapter that fiscal policy stimulates economic activity, i.e. it is non-Ricardian. Chapter 4 examines the effect of monetary and fiscal policy interactions in an international context. In particular, it considers the international spillovers of US monetary policy, whilst account for fiscal policy. This Chapter shows that US government debt influences the duration of the responses to a monetary contraction. Furthermore, it is shown that an increase in US government debt influences both the short and long-term interest rates, inflation, and output in the Euro Area and UK. This is through a positive wealth effect. In addition, the results of Persistence Profiles test, i.e. how fast we converge upon equilibrium following a shock, suggest that accounting for US government debt delays the return to equilibrium following monetary policy shocks. This may be due to the impact of fiscal policy on inflation and its persistence. Chapter 5 studies Unconventional Monetary Policy (UMP). It is shown that UMP increases output and inflation in the US, and generates spillovers to the Euro Area and UK. Furthermore, we present evidence that the portfolio balance is the transmission channel of UMP. That is UMP contributes to lowering the bound yields while it increases the price of assets. Chapter 6 concludes and summarizes the thesis, and provides a discussion of policy implications.
Perceptual Evaluation of Synthesized Sound Effects

Sound synthesis is the process of generating artificial sounds through some form of simulation or modelling. This article aims to identify which sound synthesis methods achieve the goal of producing a believable audio sample that may replace a recorded sound sample. A perceptual evaluation experiment of five different sound synthesis techniques was undertaken. Additive synthesis, statistical modelling synthesis with two different feature sets, physically inspired synthesis, concatenative synthesis, and sinusoidal modelling synthesis were all compared. Evaluation using eight different sound class stimuli and 66 different samples was undertaken. The additive synthesizer is the only synthesis method not considered significantly different from the reference sample across all sounds classes. The results demonstrate that sound synthesis can be considered as realistic as a recorded sample and makes recommendations for use of synthesis methods, given different sound class contexts.
Herbal Medicine Practices of Patients With Liver Cancer in Peru: A Comprehensive Study Toward Integrative Cancer Management

Rationale: The highest burden of liver cancer occurs in developing countries, where the use of herbal medicine (HM) is still widespread. Despite this trend, few studies have been conducted to report HM practices of patients with a hepatic tumor in the developing world. Hence, this study aimed to document the use of HM among patients with liver cancer in Peru. Study Design and Methods: A comparative behavioral epidemiological survey was conducted among liver cancer patients attending the National Cancer Institute of Peru. Information was obtained by direct interviews based on a semistructured questionnaire. The use of HM in Peruvian liver cancer patients was reported, first, regarding general consumption prior to the onset of disease, and second, after the appearance of symptoms that patients would relate to their tumor. In parallel, general consumption of HM in noncancerous people was assessed as a comparative figure. A correspondence analysis was performed to reveal potential associations between the symptoms of cancer and the specific use of HM. Results: Eighty-eight patients and 117 noncancerous individuals participated in the survey. Overall, 68.3% of the people interviewed claimed to use HM on a regular basis for general health preservation. Furthermore, 56.8% of the patients turned to plants first to treat the disorders for which they later came to the cancer care center. When compared with the number of plant species used routinely (n = 78), a selection of plants was made by patients in response to the symptoms of cancer (n = 46). At least 2 plant species, Aloe vera and Morinda citrifolia, were significantly associated with the treatment of liver cancer–related symptoms in the patient group. Conclusions: The present study is the first survey on the HM practices of patients with liver cancer in Latin America and, more broadly, in the developing world. Our findings confirm that HM remains one of the principal primary health care resources in Peru, even for a severe disease like liver cancer. These traditional, complementary and alternative medicine practices should be taken into consideration in Peruvian health programs aiming to educate the population in cancer prevention and treatment, as well as integrative cancer management.
Growth in The Presence of Organic Solvents in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Its Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin (Vhb) Recombinant Strain (Pajc)

Pseudomomas aeruginosa ile onun Vitreoscilla hemoglobin geni (vhb) klonlanmis rekombinant susunun onemli endustriyel aromatik kirleticilerden olan toluen, 1-Cl -2,4- Dinitrobenzen (CDNB), ksilen ve benzen yikimi calisilmistir. P. aeruginosa ve rekombinat susu, 200 rpm 37° C’de 10 ml LB ortaminda gece boyu uretildi. Yuksek havalandirma kosullari icin 200 rpm ve 20 ml erlende buyutulduler. P. aeruginosa ve cesitli suslari gen transferi, ekspresyonu gibi calismalarda oldukca yaygin olarak kullanilan ve canlilar icin cogu zaman zararli ve canlilar tarafindan yapilmayan bircok heterohalkasal bilesikleri dogal olarak yikma kabiliyeti ve yuksek solvent direnci ile bilinmektedir. Bu calismada Vitreoscilla sp. ’den elde edilen vhb kopyalanmis rekombinant sus ve onun konakcisi yabanil tip P. aeruginosa’nin solvent yikma kapasiteleri incelenmistir.
Thermal Analysis of Different Pyrazolone Azo Derivative and Their Complexes with Pd(II), Ni(II) and Ag(I)

This study describes thermal analysis of novel azodye reagents, 5-(4-[(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol4-yl)diazenyl)phenyl]-5-ethylpyrimxline-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, (L1),1-[(1,5-Dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxychromeno(5,4,3-cde) chromene-5,10-dione, (L2), and 4-4-(diazene-1,2-diyl)bis(1,5-dimethyle-2-phenyle-1H-pyrazol3(2H)-one, (L3), that prepare from 4-aminoantipyrine with (phenoparpetal, ellagic acid and phenazone) respectively as coupling agents and thire complexes with Pd(II), Ni(II) and Ag(I) ions. The thermal measurements were showed that, all the complexes were have good stable compering with the reagents in TG/HDSC curves.
Mathematical analysis of the influence of brain metabolism on the BOLD signal in Alzheimer’s disease

Blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) is a standard clinical tool for the detection of brain activation. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), task-related and resting state fMRI have been used to detect brain dysfunction. It has been shown that the shape of the BOLD response is affected in early AD. To correctly interpret these changes, the mechanisms responsible for the observed behaviour need to be known. The parameters of the canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) commonly used in the analysis of fMRI data have no direct biological interpretation and cannot be used to answer this question. We here present a model that allows relating AD-specific changes in the BOLD shape to changes in the underlying energy metabolism. According to our findings, the classic view that differences in the BOLD shape are only attributed to changes in strength and duration of the stimulus does not hold. Instead, peak height, peak timing and full width at half maximum are sensitive to changes in the reaction rate of several metabolic reactions. Our systems-theoretic approach allows the use of patient-specific clinical data to predict dementia-driven changes in the HRF, which can be used to improve the results of fMRI analyses in AD patients.
Applying the Weighted Horizontal Magnetic Gradient Method to a Simulated Flaring Active Region

Here, we test the weighted horizontal magnetic gradient (WGM) as a flare precursor, introduced by Korsós et al., by applying it to a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of solar-like flares. The preflare evolution of the WGM and the behavior of the distance parameter between the area-weighted barycenters of opposite-polarity sunspots at various heights is investigated in the simulated δ-type sunspot. Four flares emanated from this sunspot. We found the optimum heights above the photosphere where the flare precursors of the WGM method are identifiable prior to each flare. These optimum heights agree reasonably well with the heights of the occurrence of flares identified from the analysis of their thermal and ohmic heating signatures in the simulation. We also estimated the expected time of the flare onsets from the duration of the approaching–receding motion of the barycenters of opposite polarities before each single flare. The estimated onset time and the actual time of occurrence of each flare are in good agreement at the corresponding optimum heights. This numerical experiment further supports the use of flare precursors based on the WGM method.
Co-opting the Night: The Entrepreneurial Shift and Economic Imperative in NTE Planning

Abstract The City of Sydney Council has presented their night-time economy plan (NTE) – Open, Future directions for Sydney at night – as a unique and substantial contribution to global city planning literature. This paper critiques the plan and demonstrates how Open is strongly aligned with, and constrained by the neoliberal-inspired cultural-economy framework of the Council’s overarching policy vision: Sustainable Sydney 2030. Such co-opting of policy evinces an entrepreneurial shift in NTE planning where economic interests procure substantial voice in the consultation, and eventual policy directions of changing the nightscape. The paper explicates the economic imperative(s) of Open within the context of one inner city Sydney suburb, Surry Hills.
CONCEPTUALIZING AND MEASURING ETHICAL LEADERSHIP: DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSTRUMENT.

There is a notable lack of consensus about how to define and measure ethical leadership, which is slowing the progress of research in this important area. This paper describes research conducted to build a valid and reliable instrument to measure ethical leadership, the Ethical Leadership Scale (ELS). Following well-established construct development procedures, we used a multi-sample, multi-phase approach. In phase one, we drew from inductive, qualitative research (Trevino, Hartman & Brown, 1999) to establish the theoretical foundation, define the construct of ethical leadership and generate survey items that tap the content domain. In phase two, we examined the factor structure, content adequacy, and individual psychometric properties of our items by conducting an exploratory factor analysis on different samples of MBA students and employees from a financial services firm. In phase three, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis on a separate sample of employees from the same financial services firm.
Effect of Aggregation Operators on Network-Based Disease Gene Prioritization: A Case Study on Blood Disorders

Owing to the innate noise in the biological data sources, a single source or a single measure do not suffice for an effective disease gene prioritization. So, the integration of multiple data sources or aggregation of multiple measures is the need of the hour. The aggregation operators combine multiple related data values to a single value such that the combined value has the effect of all the individual values. In this paper, an attempt has been made for applying the fuzzy aggregation on the network-based disease gene prioritization and investigate its effect under noise conditions. This study has been conducted for a set of 15 blood disorders by fusing four different network measures, computed from the protein interaction network, using a selected set of aggregation operators and ranking the genes on the basis of the aggregated value. The aggregation operator-based rankings have been compared with the “Random walk with restart” gene prioritization method. The impact of noise has also been investigated by adding varying proportions of noise to the seed set. The results reveal that for all the selected blood disorders, the Mean of Maximal operator has relatively outperformed the other aggregation operators for noisy as well as non-noisy data.
Cultivar and Metal-Specific Effects of Endophytic Bacteria in Helianthus tuberosus Exposed to Cd and Zn

Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPB) isolated from Brassica napus were inoculated in two cultivars of Helianthus tuberosus (VR and D19) growing on sand supplemented with 0.1 mM Cd or 1 mM Zn. Plant growth, concentrations of metals and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive compounds were determined. Colonization of roots of H. tuberosus D19 by Pseudomonas sp. 262 was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Pseudomonas sp. 228, Serratia sp. 246 and Pseudomonas sp. 262 significantly enhanced growth of H. tuberosus D19 exposed to Cd or Zn. Pseudomonas sp. 228 significantly increased Cd concentrations in roots. Serratia sp. 246, and Pseudomonas sp. 256 and 228 resulted in significantly decreased contents of TBA reactive compounds in roots of Zn exposed D19 plants. Growth improvement and decrease of metal-induced stress were more pronounced in D19 than in VR. Pseudomonas sp. 262-green fluorescent protein (GFP) colonized the root epidermis/exodermis and also inside root hairs, indicating that an endophytic interaction was established. H. tuberosus D19 inoculated with Pseudomonas sp. 228, Serratia sp. 246 and Pseudomonas sp. 262 holds promise for sustainable biomass production in combination with phytoremediation on Cd and Zn contaminated soils.
Psychiatric disorders in patients with intractable dizziness in the department of otolaryngology

Abstract Objective: Vertigo and dizziness are often not fully explained by organic illnesses, but instead may be related to psychiatric disorders. It is important to determine the types of psychiatric comorbidities that are frequent in cases of intractable dizziness. Method: The study subjects were 90 patients who had experienced intractable dizziness for more than three months and were referred to a psychiatrist when their symptoms could not be fully explained based on their physical illness. The patients’ final diagnosis and questionnaire (DHI,SDS and STAI) scores were evaluated. Results: Seventy percent (63/90) of patients with intractable dizziness had been diagnosed as having psychiatric conditions by the study psychiatrists. The most common diagnosis was unspecified depressive disorder. Conclusions: Psychiatric comorbidities seem to be more prevalent in certain subgroups of organic dizziness. We found a higher rate of depressive disorders in the sequelae of sudden deafness and migraine-related dizziness.
FastSense: An Efficient Word Sense Disambiguation Classifier

The task of Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is to determine the meaning of an ambiguous word in a given context. In spite of its importance for most NLP pipelines, WSD can still be seen to be unsolved. The reason is that we currently lack tools for WSD that handle big data – “big” in terms of the number of ambiguous words and in terms of the overall number of senses to be distinguished. This desideratum is exactly the objective of fastSense , an efﬁcient neural network-based tool for word sense disambiguation introduced in this paper. We train and test fastSense by means of the disambiguation pages of the German Wikipedia. In addition, we evaluate fastSense in the context of Senseval and SemEval. By reference to Senseval and SemEval we additionally perform a parameter study. We show that fastSense can process huge amounts of data quickly and also surpasses state-of-the-art tools in terms of F-measure.
Geo-sensor(s) for potential prediction of earthquakes: can earthquake be predicted by abnormal animal phenomena?

ABSTRACT With the advancement of physical sensors and scientific modelling, we fortunately are able to track, monitor and even predict most of natural destructive forces, e.g. hurricanes and tornadoes. Compared to other natural disasters, earthquakes are particularly traumatic because they occur without explicit and timely warning and therefore are extremely difficult, if at all possible, to detect timely. Meanwhile, anomalous animal behaviours have been widely observed the day even several days before an Earthquake. Therefore, animals can be used as intelligent geo-sensors to tell or estimate when and where an earthquake will potentially occur. This paper presents a framework synthesizing crowdsourcing reports of anomalous animal behaviour from both active sources (designed mobile app and websites) and passive sources (social networks like Twitter, Facebook) for earthquake early prediction. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, a proof-of-concept prototype is then developed to collect, visualize, analyse and mine such crowdsourcing data to detect a potential earthquake.
Chemokine expression by central nervous system resident cells and infiltrating neutrophils during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the BALB / c mouse

The active role of chemokines in the central nervous system (CNS) during the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been clearly established. In this study the expression pattern of several chemokines and cytokines was elucidated using reverse transcription‐PCR and immunohistochemistry in a recently established EAE model of the BALB / c mouse that is characterized by CNS infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Elevated mRNA levels of the chemokines MIP‐1α, MIP‐2 and MCP‐1 were detected in the CNS of diseased mice, whereas no chemokine expression could be measured in asymptomatic mice. Activated astrocytes were shown to be the main source of MIP‐1α and MIP‐2 before and during cellular CNS infiltration. Among the infiltrating immune cells the neutrophils secreted MIP‐1α and MCP‐1. These results suggest involvement of ordered chemokine expression during the process of neutrophil attraction into the CNS, which may play an important role in the initiation and perpetuation of autoimmune CNS inflammation in the BALB / c mouse. This is the first EAE model to describe CNS expression of the C‐X‐C chemokine MIP‐2, corresponding to an observed neutrophil accumulation in the CNS.
Evaluation of a new experimental model to study bone healing after ridge expansion with simultaneous implant placement--a pilot study in minipigs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the suitability of a minipig model for the study of bone healing and osseointegration of dental implants following bone splitting and expansion of narrow ridges. MATERIAL AND METHODS In four minipigs, the mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted together with removal of the buccal bone plate. Three months later, ridge splitting and expansion was performed with simultaneous placement of three titanium implants per quadrant. On one side of the mandible, the expanded bone gap between the implants was filled with an alloplastic biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) material, while the gap on the other side was left unfilled. A barrier membrane was placed in half of the quadrants. After a healing period of 6 weeks, the animals were sacrificed for histological evaluation. RESULTS In all groups, no bone fractures occurred, no implants were lost, all 24 implants were osseointegrated, and the gap created by bone splitting was filled with new bone, irrespective of whether BCP or a barrier membrane was used. Slight exposure of five implants was observed, but did not lead to implant loss. The level of the most coronal bone-to-implant contact varied without being dependent on the use of BCP or a barrier membrane. In all groups, the BCP particles were not present deep in the bone-filled gap. However, BCP particles were seen at the crestal bone margin, where they were partly integrated in the new bone. CONCLUSIONS This new minipig model holds great promise for studying experimental ridge splitting/expansion. However, efforts must be undertaken to reduce implant exposure and buccal bone resorption.